<b>Report of literature revision of policies on climate change and Peruvian health system with emphasis on Indigenous populations of Loreto and Junín Amazon regions</b>
Creators: name: Vidal-Cuellar, Claudia L.
name: Chicmana-Zapata, Victoria
name: Zavaleta-Cortijo, Carol
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 420310
subject: Health surveillance

description: The aim of this literature revision was to characterize climate hazards and the Peruvian health system responses with an emphasis on Indigenous populations. The procedure was to access and review key documents related to health and climate change involving Peruvian Indigenous populations. We analyzed three types of documents: national and regional policy documents (n= 28), scientific literature (n=3), and grey literature (n= 2). We were guided by research questions exploring the themes of climate change-induced hazards, exposure, amplifiers or modulators, health risks associated with climate hazards, and key responses. Additionally, we used the World Health Organization Operational Framework to identify the health systems' building blocks referred to in each document. We extracted data about document characteristics (i.e. author, year of publication, leading sector), guided by our research questions, and synthesized our findings using narrative synthesis and descriptive quantitative analysis.The aim of this literature revision was to characterize climate hazards and the Peruvian health system responses with an emphasis on Junín and Loreto regions, and Indigenous populations. The procedure was to access and review key documents related to health and climate change involving Peruvian Indigenous populations. We analyzed three types of documents: national and regional policy documents (n= 28), scientific literature (n=3), and grey literature (n= 2). We were guided by research questions exploring the themes of climate change-induced hazards, exposure, amplifiers or modulators, health risks associated with climate hazards, and key responses. Additionally, we used the World Health Organization Operational Framework to identify the health systems' building blocks referred to in each document. We extracted data about document characteristics guided by our research questions, and synthesized our findings using narrative synthesis and descriptive quantitative analysis.Our results indicate that the principal climate hazards in Junin and Loreto regions were exceptional precipitations, floodings, cold waves and droughts. The main health risks associated were airborne, vector-borne, waterborne, foodborne diseases, and loss, and failure of health services. The most vulnerable populations were children, women, older adults, Indigenous and rural communities, people working outdoors, and people living with medical disorders. Socioeconomic and environmental drivers, such as limited access to services, poor sanitary networks, and inadequate infrastructure, amplified the impacts of climate change. At the same time, the use of biotechnologies and Indigenous knowledge and practices were proposed as modulators.National and governments had policies and governance mechanisms for health adaptation to climate change, including climate emergency preparedness and management, strengthening of the health workforce capacity, territorial risk analysis, and adapting healthcare services infrastructure and functioning. Recommendations for these responses were fostering cross-sectional collaboration, incorporating indigenous participation, performing capacity or adaptation assessments, addressing the knowledge gap about technology development in renewable energy, and providing specific budget for the adaptation measures to climate change. <br>