cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A Novel Fractional Order Fuzzy PID Controller and Its Optimal Time Domain Tuning Based on Integral Performance Indices
Creators: name: Das, Saptarshi
name: Pan, Indranil
name: Das, Shantanu
name: Gupta, Amitava
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: A novel fractional order (FO) fuzzy Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controller has been proposed in this paper which works on the closed loop error and its fractional derivative as the input and has a fractional integrator in its output. The fractional order differ-integrations in the proposed fuzzy logic controller (FLC) are kept as design variables along with the input-output scaling factors (SF) and are optimized with Genetic Algorithm (GA) while minimizing several integral error indices along with the control signal as the objective function. Simulations studies are carried out to control a delayed nonlinear process and an open loop unstable process with time delay. The closed loop performances and controller efforts in each case are compared with conventional PID, fuzzy PID and PIλDμ controller subjected to different integral performance indices. Simulation results show that the proposed fractional order fuzzy PID controller outperforms the others in most cases.
description: 30 pages, 20 figures
Connectivity Analysis Software for Estimating Linkage Priority
Creators: name: Gallo, John A.
name: Greene, Randal
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 60208 Terrestrial Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 50202 Conservation and Biodiversity
subject: 50104 Landscape Ecology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 50211 Wildlife and Habitat Management
subject: Information Systems
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 80306 Open Software
subject: 120504 Land Use and Environmental Planning
subject: FOS: Social and economic geography
subject: 120506 Transport Planning

description: Linkage Priority (LP) is an ArcGIS tool that helps quantify the relative conservation priority of each linkage in a landscape. LP is run after linkages are created using the Linkage Pathways tool of the Linkage Mapper Toolbox (McRae and Kavanagh 2011). (The implementation of this original Linkage Mapper tool is hereafter symbolized as “LM”). There are six criteria that combine in a weighted sum to determine the relative priority of each linkage. An example criterion is the relative permeability of a linkage (i.e., the mean resistance values along the least cost path). One of the criteria, the relative core area values of the two cores being connected, is composed of five sub-criteria combined in a weighted sum. The logic of this is that if two core areas are very valuable, then the linkage is too, all else being equal. See the section “Using Linkage Priority” for more details. Prototype applications of various beta versions of the Linkage Priority Tool have been performed in six regions (Sierra Nevada mountains, Sonoma County, Santa Barbara County, West Mojave, Sacramento Valley, and Modoc Plateau), with outputs available on databasin.org and reports and an publications in preparation. In the last three of these studies, climate was considered in three ways in determining priority: (1) quantifying which linkages best facilitated long-term species range shifts, (2) which core areas provided refuge from climate change, and (3) which core areas contained more climate micro-refugia for withstanding climate change.
Additional file 5 of The I-MICRO trial, Ilomedin for treatment of septic shock with persistent microperfusion defects: a double-blind, randomized controlled trial—study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Creators: name: Legrand, Matthieu
name: Oufella, Hafid Ait
name: De Backer, Daniel
name: Duranteau, Jacques
name: Leone, Marc
name: Levy, Bruno
name: Rossignol, Patrick
name: Vicaut, Eric
name: Dépret, François
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Mental Health
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: Additional file 5:. Protection of persons committee.
Upper bounds on cyclotomic numbers
Creators: name: Betsumiya, Koichi
name: Hirasaka, Mitsugu
name: Komatsu, Takao
name: Munemasa, Akihiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05E30, 11T22

description: In this article, we give upper bounds for cyclotomic numbers of order e over a finite field with q elements, where e is a divisor of q-1. In particular, we show that under certain assumptions, cyclotomic numbers are at most $\lceil\frac{k}{2}\rceil$, and the cyclotomic number (0,0) is at most $\lceil\frac{k}{2}\rceil-1$, where k=(q-1)/e. These results are obtained by using a known formula for the determinant of a matrix whose entries are binomial coefficients.
description: 11 pages, minor revision
MOESM6 of A field-based modeling study on ecological characterization of hourly host-seeking behavior and its associated climatic variables in Aedes albopictus
Creators: name: Yin, Qingqing
name: Li, Li
name: Guo, Xiang
name: Wu, Rangke
name: Shi, Benyun
name: Wang, Yuji
name: Liu, Yingjie
name: Wu, Shang
name: Pan, Yicheng
name: Wang, Qi
name: Xie, Tian
name: Hu, Tian
name: Xia, Dan
name: Xia, Shang
name: Kambalame, Dzinkambani
name: Li, Wanyu
name: Song, Zhangyao
name: Zhou, Siyun
name: Deng, Ye
name: Xie, Yu
name: Zhou, Xiao-Nong
name: Wang, Chunmei
name: Chen, Xiao-Guang
name: Zhou, Xiaohong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 6: Table S4. The predicted values for the multi-month and multi-site mosquito densities of Ae. albopictus during both the day and night.
Capital markets constrain industry scale
Creators: name: Jean-Baptiste, Eslyn L.
name: Riordan, Michael H.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2003
Subjects: Economics
Finance

description: The paper considers an industry featuring agency problems between outside investors and entrepreneurs who manage the firms comprising the industry. In a range of circumstances, industry scale is independent of product market structure, and is determined solely by the amount of equity financing contributed by the entrepreneurs, and by the capital market's response to possible managerial malfeasance. Thus, in the face of capital market constraints, a change in product-market concentration has no effect on market performance unless it occasions a change in the amount of inside equity financing.
Magnetic dipole moment and keV neutrino dark matter
Creators: name: Geng, Chao-Qiang
name: Takahashi, Ryo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study magnetic dipole moments of right-handed neutrinos in a keV neutrino dark matter model. This model is a simple extension of the standard model with only right-handed neutrinos and a pair of charged particles added. One of the right-handed neutrinos is the candidate of dark matter with a keV mass. Some bounds on the dark matter magnetic dipole moment and model parameters are obtained from cosmological observations.
description: 11 pages, no figure, revised version accepted by PLB
Outward FDI from Brazil and its policy context, 2012
Creators: name: Abreu Campanario, Milton De
name: Stal, Eva
name: Muniz Da Silva, Marcello
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Finance
Economics

description: Brazil became a significant source of outward foreign direct investment (OFDI) only in the 2000s. Concentrated in the secondary and tertiary sectors, OFDI from Brazil goes primarily to neighboring economies and the United States and Europe. OFDI flows from Brazil include large amounts in tax havens to escape domestic regulations and taxes. Brazil's OFDI flow was negative (-US$ 10 billion) in 2009 during the global financial and economic crisis, due to the repatriation of capital, mainly through intrafirm lending by foreign affiliates of Brazilian multinational enterprises (MNEs) to their parent firms. However, in 2010, OFDI flows from Brazil were positive again, at US$ 12 billion. The stock jumped from US$ 52 in 2000 to US$ 181 billion in 2010. Except for loans provided selectively by the state investment bank BNDES, Brazil still has no institutionalized policy measures to support OFDI. Always lower than inward FDI so far, Brazil's OFDI follows Brazilian economic growth and local currency appreciation that generate increased savings, and its recent growth reflects market opportunities abroad that are open to Brazilian national champions with competitive advantages and large-scale operations.
Complex itinerant ferromagnetism in noncentrosymmetric Cr11Ge19
Creators: name: Ghimire, N. J.
name: McGuire, M. A.
name: Parker, D. S.
name: Sales, B. C.
name: Yan, J. -Q.
name: Keppens, V.
name: Koehler, M.
name: Latture, R. M.
name: Mandrus, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The noncentrosymmetric ferromagnet Cr11Ge19 has been investigated by electrical transport, AC and DC magnetization, heat capacity, x-ray diffraction, resonant ultrasound spectroscopy, and first principles electronic structure calculations. Complex itinerant ferromagnetism in this material is indicated by nonlinearity in conventional Arrott plots, unusual behavior of AC susceptibility, and a weak heat capacity anomaly near the Curie temperature (88 K). The inclusion of spin wave excitations was found to be important in modeling the low temperature heat capacity. The temperature dependence of the elastic moduli and lattice constants, including negative thermal expansion along the c axis at low temperatures, indicate strong magneto-elastic coupling in this system. Calculations show strong evidence for itinerant ferromagnetism and suggest a noncollinear ground state may be expected.
Execution Autonomy in Distributed Transaction Processing
Creators: name: Pu, Calton
name: Leff, Avraham
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1991
Subjects: Computer science

description: We study the feasibility of execution autonomy in systems with asynchronous transaction processing based on epsilon-serializability (ESR). The abstract correctness criteria defined by ESR are implemented by techniques such as asynchronous divergence control and asynchronous consistency restoration. Concrete application examples in a distributed environment, such as banking, are described in order to illustrate the advantages of using ESR to support execution autonomy.
An Architecture for Dynamic Reconfiguration in a Distributed Object-Based Programming Language
Creators: name: Hailpern, Brent
name: Kaiser, Gail E.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1991
Subjects: Computer science

description: Distributed applications ideally allow reconfiguration while the application is running, but changes are usually limited to adding new client and server processes and changing the bindings among such processes. In some application domains, such as real-time financial services, it is necessary to support finer grained reconfiguration at the level of entities smaller than processes, but for performance reasons it is desirable to avoid conventional approaches that require dynamic storage allocation. We present a scheme for special cases of fine-grained dynamic reconfiguration sufficient for our application domain and show how it can be used for practical changes. We introduce new language concepts to apply this scheme in the context of an object-based programming language that supports shared data in a distributed environment.
The implications of water in tight gas: a case study on Shell Canada's groundbirch position in the Montney
Creators: name: Langille, David Lindsay Alexander
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Engineering--Chemical
subject: Energy
subject: Engineering--Petroleum
subject: fracturing fluid
subject: hydraulic fracturing
subject: Tight Gas
subject: water chemistry
subject: Unconventional Gas

description: Many pages are in colour.
description: Bibliography: p. 204-212
description: Slickwater hydraulic fracturing has become commonplace in tight gas developments as with Shell Canada's Groundbirch position in the Montney play. Water is a technical and non-technical issue for both surface and subsurface disciplines. Critical concerns pertaining to water at Groundbirch included sourcing water to stimulate wells, ensuring that the water used in hydraulic fracturing was not detrimental to the production of natural gas, and predicting the flows and potential storage volumes of water throughout the field such that water handling facilities could be appropriately designed enabling water to be optimally recycled. This thesis presents the author's work at Groundbirch as a pragmatic basis for developing a hydraulic fracturing water chemistry specification, water forecasts and balances for design considerations, and special analyses used to better quantify the mobility of water or aqueous phase trapping potential in tight gas sands, while emphasizing the importance of acquiring quality water rate and chemistry data.
Derivative expansion for the Casimir effect at zero and finite temperature in $d+1$ dimensions
Creators: name: Fosco, C. D.
name: Lombardo, F. C.
name: Mazzitelli, F. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply the derivative expansion approach to the Casimir effect for a real scalar field in $d$ spatial dimensions, to calculate the next to leading order term in that expansion, namely, the first correction to the proximity force approximation. The field satisfies either Dirichlet or Neumann boundary conditions on two static mirrors, one of them flat and the other gently curved. We show that, for Dirichlet boundary conditions, the next to leading order term in the Casimir energy is of quadratic order in derivatives, regardless of the number of dimensions. Therefore it is local, and determined by a single coefficient. We show that the same holds true, if $d \neq 2$, for a field which satisfies Neumann conditions. When $d=2$, the next to leading order term becomes nonlocal in coordinate space, a manifestation of the existence of a gapless excitation (which do exist also for $d> 2$, but produce sub-leading terms). We also consider a derivative expansion approach including thermal fluctuations of the scalar field. We show that, for Dirichlet mirrors, the next to leading order term in the free energy is also local for any temperature $T$. Besides, it interpolates between the proper limits: when $T \to 0$ it tends to the one we had calculated for the Casimir energy in $d$ dimensions, while for $T \to \infty$ it corresponds to the one for a theory in $d-1$ dimensions, because of the expected dimensional reduction at high temperatures. For Neumann mirrors in $d=3$, we find a nonlocal next to leading order term for any $T>0$.
description: 18 pages, 6 figures. Version to appear in Phys. Rev. D
CUPID: A Protocol Development Environment
Creators: name: Yemini, Yechiam
name: Nounou, Nihal
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1983
Subjects: Computer science

description: This paper describes research conducted towards Columbia's unified Protocol Implementation and Design (CUPID) environment. CUPID research aims at the integration and automation of protocol design and implementation tools. CUPID uses an algebraic representation of protocols based, in part, upon a variant of Milner's calculus of communicating systems (CCS). Communication behaviors are represented in terms of expressions of a universal algebra. A key notion to the automation of protocol development functions is that of a valuation over the algebra of communication behaviors. A valuation maps communication behaviors to expressions in other algebras (e.g., an algebra of delay distributions used for performance analysis). This allows one to proceed and compute attributes of communication behaviors over the respective algebras using a formal valuation process. We provide a brief introduction to CCS in the context of modelling protocol behaviors. This is followed by a brief summary of how the algebraic valuation mechanism may be used to support the different functions of a protocol design environment: multiple concurrent specifications, automated functional and performance analysis and automated test generation and performance simulation.
Change of address: redefining the boundaries of the contemporary 'design museum'
Creators: name: Russell, Gillian
Publisher: name: Environmental Design
Year: 2007

description: Bibliography: p. 159-164
description: Some pages are in colour.
description: Approval page is missing
description: Subjected to the arts methods of criticism and similarly exhibited in the style of the 'white cube' gallery, design has yet to develop its own discursive language of criticism. This is exemplified by the phenomenon of the contemporary design museum. Design within the museum offers the visitor a partial, and inadequate, experience due to the fact that a functional artifact is presented solely as an object of aesthetic, and especially visual, interest. The emphasis is placed on very specific (i.e. exterior/form) elements of design. The visitor is given little or no opportunity to appreciate the artifact in a more comprehensive way - appreciating the setting for which it was originally intended or the function it was designed to fulfill. As a result, a more meaningful dialogue with the products on display is denied. An opportunity exists to explore new ideas and new possibilities for design museums in order to generate a better understanding of the design disciplines among the general public. This paper puts forward a possible solution in the form of a systematic web based design platform. The platform offers a basis for enabling the creation of a discursive space, as well as a participatory discourse, for design. What is presented is a new take on the traditional communication media employed by the design museum and an exploration into the relationship between design, communication and emerging mobile technologies. The project is supported by the newfound potential of ubiquitous technologies to alter the ways in which we relate to objects and spaces. It aims to offer a first hand experiential approach to design education and visitor experience, enabling members of the general public to gain a deeper appreciation and understanding of contemporary product design. It presents design as a seamlessly integrated element in our lives while placing emphasis on the significance of first hand experiential engagement as well as on the importance of context as it relates to formulating an appreciation and understanding of design.
The role of automatic stabilizers in the U.S. business cycle
Creators: name: McKay, Alisdair
name: Reis, Ricardo
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Economics

description: Most countries have automatic rules in their tax-and-transfer systems that are partly intended to stabilize economic fluctuations. This paper measures how effective they are. We put forward a model that merges the standard incomplete-markets model of consumption and inequality with the new Keynesian model of nominal rigidities and business cycles, and that includes most of the main potential stabilizers in the U.S. data, as well as the theoretical channels by which they may work. We find that the conventional argument that stabilizing disposable income will stabilize aggregate demand plays a negligible role on the effectiveness of the stabilizers, whereas tax-and- transfer programs that affect inequality and social insurance can have a large effect on aggregate volatility. However, as currently designed, the set of stabilizers in place in the United States has barely had any effect on volatility. According to our model, expanding safety-net programs, like food stamps, has the largest potential to enhance the effectiveness of the stabilizers.
Cooper pair current in the presence of flux noise
Creators: name: Solinas, P.
name: Möttönen, M.
name: Salmilehto, J.
name: Pekola, J. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effect of the flux noise on the Cooper pair current and pumping. We generalize the definition of the current in order to take into account the contribution induced by the environment. It turns out that this dissipative current vanishes for charge noise but it is finite in general for noise operators that do not commute with the charge operator. We discuss in a generic framework the effect of flux noise and present a way to engineer it by coupling the system to an additional external circuit. We calculate numerically the pumped charge through the device by solving the master equation for the reduced density matrix of the system and show how it depends on the coupling to the artificial environment.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures
The Mechanisms of Fatigability from Whole-Body Exercise and its Relationship to Chronic Fatigue in People with Multiple Sclerosis
Creators: name: Coates, Kyla
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Multiple Sclerosis
subject: exercise
subject: Fatigue
subject: Neuromuscular Fatigue
subject: Motor Fatigability
subject: Education--Health
subject: Education--Sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Objectives: The present study investigated the mechanisms of neuromuscular fatigue in people with Multiple Sclerosis (PwMS) during cycling to determine whether chronic perceived fatigue is associated with motor fatigability in PwMS. Methods: Thirteen PwMS with high levels of perceived fatigue (HF), thirteen PwMS with low levels of perceived fatigue (LF), and thirteen healthy controls (CON) completed an incremental cycling task to volitional exhaustion. By employing an innovative cycle ergometer, neuromuscular evaluations (NME) were performed at baseline, every 3 minutes during cycling, and immediately after exhaustion. Maximal voluntary contractions (MVC) and electrical stimulation of the femoral nerve (PNS) were used to quantify voluntary activation (VA) and muscle contractile ability (PT) of the knee extensors during each NME. The EMG responses to PNS (Mmax) and transcranial magnetic stimulation (MEP) during 50% of MVC were used to quantify central drive (EMG-RMS/Mmax), corticospinal excitability (MEP/Mmax) and corticomotor integrity (MEP latency) in the vastus lateralis (VL) and rectus femoris (RF) muscles during each NME. Results: MVC declined to a greater extent at exhaustion in the HF group compared to the other groups (P = .032) in part due to a larger decline in PT compared to CON (P = .041). EMG-RMS/Mmax in the VL (last commonly completed stage (NME3): P = .047; exhaustion: P = .006), and MEP/Mmax amplitude in the VL (NME3: P = .042; exhaustion: P = .029) and in the RF (NME3: P < .001; exhaustion: P = .007 at exhaustion) were consistently lower in HF compared to CON while MEP latency was consistently longer in HF in the VL (NME3: P = .010; exhaustion: P = .009) and RF (NME3: P = .038; exhaustion: P = .038) compared to CON. Conclusion: Cycling results in greater neuromuscular fatigue at exhaustion in PwMS who experience chronic fatigue than in healthy controls due to central and peripheral alterations.
Efficient methods for sampling spike trains in networks of coupled neurons
Creators: name: Mishchenko, Yuriy
name: Paninski, Liam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Monte Carlo approaches have recently been proposed to quantify connectivity in neuronal networks. The key problem is to sample from the conditional distribution of a single neuronal spike train, given the activity of the other neurons in the network. Dependencies between neurons are usually relatively weak; however, temporal dependencies within the spike train of a single neuron are typically strong. In this paper we develop several specialized Metropolis--Hastings samplers which take advantage of this dependency structure. These samplers are based on two ideas: (1) an adaptation of fast forward--backward algorithms from the theory of hidden Markov models to take advantage of the local dependencies inherent in spike trains, and (2) a first-order expansion of the conditional likelihood which allows for efficient exact sampling in the limit of weak coupling between neurons. We also demonstrate that these samplers can effectively incorporate side information, in particular, noisy fluorescence observations in the context of calcium-sensitive imaging experiments. We quantify the efficiency of these samplers in a variety of simulated experiments in which the network parameters are closely matched to data measured in real cortical networks, and also demonstrate the sampler applied to real calcium imaging data.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/11-AOAS467 the Annals of Applied Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aoas/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Binary-level Function Profiling for Intrusion Detection and Smart Error Virtualization
Creators: name: Locasto, Michael E.
name: Keromytis, Angelos D.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2006
Subjects: Computer science

description: Most current approaches to self-healing software (SHS) suffer from semantic incorrectness of the response mechanism. To support SHS, we propose Smart Error Virtualization (SEV), which treats functions as transactions but provides a way to guide the program state and remediation to be a more correct value than previous work. We perform runtime binary-level profiling on unmodified applications to learn both good return values and error return values (produced when the program encounters ``bad'' input). The goal is to ``learn from mistakes'' by converting malicious input to the program's notion of ``bad'' input. We introduce two implementations of this system that support three major uses: function profiling for regression testing, function profiling for host-based anomaly detection (environment-specialized fault detection), and function profiling for automatic attack remediation via SEV. Our systems do not require access to the source code of the application to enact a fix. Finally, this paper is, in part, a critical examination of error virtualization in order to shed light on how to approach semantic correctness.
MOESM7 of A field-based modeling study on ecological characterization of hourly host-seeking behavior and its associated climatic variables in Aedes albopictus
Creators: name: Yin, Qingqing
name: Li, Li
name: Guo, Xiang
name: Wu, Rangke
name: Shi, Benyun
name: Wang, Yuji
name: Liu, Yingjie
name: Wu, Shang
name: Pan, Yicheng
name: Wang, Qi
name: Xie, Tian
name: Hu, Tian
name: Xia, Dan
name: Xia, Shang
name: Kambalame, Dzinkambani
name: Li, Wanyu
name: Song, Zhangyao
name: Zhou, Siyun
name: Deng, Ye
name: Xie, Yu
name: Zhou, Xiao-Nong
name: Wang, Chunmei
name: Chen, Xiao-Guang
name: Zhou, Xiaohong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Virology

description: Additional file 7: Figure S1. Seasonal variations of hourly host-seeking activities found in Ae. albopictus during 2016–2017. a, b Seasonal variations of hourly host-seeking activities found in female (a) and male (b) Ae. albopictus. The smoothed hourly densities of female and male Ae. albopictus are displayed in solid red and blue lines, respectively. The shaded areas represent 95% credible intervals of the smoothed hourly densities.
Saxophone education and performance in British Columbia : early history and current practices
Creators: name: Abbink, Erik
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: There is very little literature available on the overall history of the saxophone in British Columbia. Up to the present time only a few general works have been available, notably the works of Robert Dale McIntosh (History of music in British Columbia 1850-1950) and Paul Green/Nancy Vogan (Music education in Canada: A historical account), but they deal with the saxophone rather marginally. This thesis explores and attempts to synthesize several issues pertaining to the history of the saxophone in British Columbia: how and where it was first introduced, how the public’s reaction to the saxophone seems to have evolved over the years, and which important musical groups from outside British Columbia introduced the saxophone to British Columbia. As the story unfolds the author comments on larger educational issues such as the growth of the wind band movement and its principal proponents, the struggle to get bands accepted as part of the school curriculum, and the evolution of the programs which were developed in universities, colleges and conservatories. The latter part of the thesis reflects on the current state of affairs and explores current issues involving the saxophone in British Columbia: What are the problems faced by saxophone professionals? What are current attitudes of the public towards the saxophone? In order to answer such questions the author devised a questionnaire which was filled out by a significant number of professional saxophone players.
Edge scaling of the β-Jacobi ensemble
Creators: name: Holcomb, Diane
name: Flores, Gregorio R. Moreno
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study the scaling limit of the spectrum of the β-Jacobi ensemble at the soft-edge and hard-edge for general values of β. We show that the limiting point processes correspond respectively to the stochastic Airy and Bessel point processes introduced in Ramirez-Rider-Virag and Ramirez-Rider.
description: Minor changes
Combining Pairwise Sequence Similarity and Support Vector Machines for Remote Protein Homology Detection
Creators: name: Liao, Li
name: Noble, William Stafford
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2001
Subjects: Computer science

description: One key element in understanding the molecular machinery of the cell is to understand the meaning, or function, of each protein encoded in the genome. A very successful means of inferring the function of a previously unannotated protein is via sequence similarity with one or more proteins whose functions are already known. Currently, one of the most powerful such homology detection methods is the SVM-Fisher method of Jaakkola, Diekhans and Haussler (ISMB 2000). This method combines a generative, profile hidden Markov model (HMM) with a discriminative classification algorithm known as a support vector machine (SVM). The current work presents an alternative method for SVM-based protein classification. The method, SVM-pairwise, uses a pairwise sequence similarity algorithm such as Smith-Waterman in place of the HMM in the SVM-Fisher method. The resulting algorithm, when tested on its ability to recognize previously unseen families from the SCOP database, yields significantly better remote protein homology detection than SVM-Fisher, profile HMMs and PSI-BLAST.
Supercurrent through a serial quantum dot close to singlet-triplet degeneracy
Creators: name: Karrasch, C.
name: Andergassen, S.
name: Meden, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate two serially-aligned quantum dots in the molecular regime of large tunnel couplings t. A Zeeman field B is used to tune the energy difference of singlet and triplet spin configurations. Attaching this geometry to BCS source and drain leads with gap Delta and phase difference phi gives rise to an equilibrium supercurrent J. To compute J in presence of Coulomb interactions U between the dot electrons, we employ the functional renormalization group (FRG). For B\simt -- where the singlet and lowest-lying triplet spin states are equal in energy -- the current exhibits characteristics of a 0-pi transition similar to a single impurity. Its magnitude in the pi phase, however, jumps discontinuously at B=t, being smaller on the triplet side. Exploiting the flexibility of the FRG, we demonstrate that this effect is generic and calculate J for realistic experimental parameters Delta, U, and gate voltages epsilon. To obtain a more thorough understanding of the discontinuity, we analytically treat the limit Delta=infty where one can access the exact many-particle states. Finally, carrying out perturbation theory in the dot-lead couplings substantiates the intuitive picture that Cooper pair tunneling is favored by a singlet spin configuration while inhibited by a triplet one.
Open Access practices: pre-prints and open citations (and why they're important for reforming research assessment)
Creators: name: Curry, Stephen
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Research Evaluation
Declaration on Research Assessment (DORA)
Preprints

description: Presentation given at the IRCDL2019 meeting in Pisa (31 Jan 2019) - see: https://ircdl2019.isti.cnr.it

Explores the important of preprints and open citations for stimulating new thinking and practice around research evaluation.
Inward FDI in Bulgaria and its policy context
Creators: name: Bitzenis, Aristidis P.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Finance
Commerce

description: After the fall of the country's communist regime, Bulgaria faced great political instability, changing prime ministers eight times between 1990 and 1997. Three economic crises were associated with slow economic growth or even recession as well as high inflation rates that weakened the Bulgarian economy and discouraged inward foreign direct investment (IFDI) flows in the 1990s. The establishment of a currency board in July 1997 stabilized the economy and greatly increased foreign participation in the privatization process, leading to a major increase in IFDI flows. The entry of Bulgaria into the European Union (EU) in 2007 was a catalyst for IFDI. Bulgaria received US$ 28 billion of IFDI flows in 2007-2010, compared to only US$ 24 billion during the transition period from 1990 to 2006. A low corporate tax rate (10%) and EU membership have played a decisive role in attracting IFDI to Bulgaria.
Critical slope p-adic L-functions of CM modular forms
Creators: name: Lei, Antonio
name: Loeffler, David
name: Zerbes, Sarah Livia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11R23, 11F67, 11F85

description: For ordinary modular forms, there are two constructions of a p-adic L-function attached to the non-unit root of the Hecke polynomial, which are conjectured but not known to coincide. We prove this conjecture for modular forms of CM type, by calculating the the critical-slope L-function arising from Kato's Euler system and comparing this with results of Bellaiche on the critical-slope L-function defined using overconvergent modular symbols.
description: 14 pages
Microbial Ecology of Subsurface Oil Sands Deposits in Northern Alberta, Canada
Creators: name: Ridley, Christina M.
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: microbial ecology
subject: microbial community analysis
subject: petroleum microbiology
subject: oil sands microbiology
subject: subsurface microbiology
subject: microbially enhanced oil recovery (MEOR)
subject: Biology
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biology--Molecular
subject: Engineering--Environmental

description: The subsurface Athabasca Oil Sands in northern Alberta, Canada, is an important yet understudied microbial habitat. Over geological time, progressive biodegradation of low molecular weight hydrocarbons by indigenous microorganisms has resulted in an enrichment of high molecular weight hydrocarbons known as bitumen. This is an extreme environment characterized by low water and nutrient availability, thereby resulting in low microbial biomass. The objective of this study was to characterize the microbial ecology of this unique ecosystem, which could ultimately provide a basis for the development of microbially enhanced oil recovery (MEOR) technologies. To that end, pristine core samples were collected from 220 to 320 meters below the surface during 3 annual field trips. Due to the high bitumen and low biomass content of the core samples, extensive method development and validation was performed to identify a robust molecular biological workflow that would allow for consistently successful extraction, amplification and sequencing of genomic DNA from core samples. This molecular biological method was then used to characterize the prokaryotic and eukaryotic microbial communities of the subsurface oil sands through 16S and 18S rRNA gene sequencing. Results revealed a surprising predominance of aerobic and facultative microorganisms in an environment that is traditionally considered anoxic. The genera Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter and Fontibacter were the dominant prokaryotes in all core samples (average relative sequence abundance >5%). Methanoculleus was the only methanogen detected at an average relative sequence abundance >1%. Fungi from the family Trichocomaceae and the order Hypocreales were the prevailing Eukaryotes. Core sample incubations were used to determine the effects of atmosphere and temperature on microbial community succession. Microcosms were established under aerobic, microaerobic and anaerobic atmospheres at reservoir (8°C), mesophilic (33°C) and thermophilic (60°C) temperatures. Results indicate that the predominant community members remained similar to the controls; however, some microcosms incubated at 60°C experienced enrichment of thermophiles, including the genera Thermus, Geobacillus and Thermanaerothrix. Many of the dominant taxa observed in this study could have potential MEOR applications, including hydrocarbon degradation, biosurfactant production and methanogenesis. Thus, the information revealed in this study could be used as the basis for MEOR technologies.
Micro-speculation, Micro-sandboxing, and Self-Correcting Assertions: Support for Self-Healing Software and Application Communities
Creators: name: Locasto, Michael E.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2005
Subjects: Computer science

description: Software faults and vulnerabilities continue to present significant obstacles to achieving reliable and secure software. The critical problem is that systems currently lack the capability to respond intelligently and automatically to attacks – especially attacks that exploit previously unknown vulnerabilities or are delivered by previously unseen inputs. Therefore, the goal of this thesis is to provide an environment where both supervision and automatic remediation can take place. Also provided is a mechanism to guide the supervision environment in detection and repair activities. This thesis supports the notion of Self-Healing Software by introducing three novel techniques: micro-sandboxing, micro-speculation, and self-correcting assertions. These techniques are combined in a kernel-level emulation framework to speculatively execute code that may contain faults or vulnerabilities and automatically repair such faults or exploited vulnerabilities. The framework, VPUF, introduces the concept of computation as an operating system service by providing control for an array of virtual processors in the Linux kernel (creating the concept of an endolithic kernel). This thesis introduces ROAR (Recognize, Orient, Adapt, Respond) as a conceptual workflow for Self-healing Software systems. This thesis proposal outlines a 17 month program for developing the major components of the proposed system, implementing them on a COTS operating system and programming language, subjecting them to a battery of evaluations for performance and efficacy, and publishing the results. In addition, this proposal looks forward to several areas of follow-on work, including implementing some of the proposed techniques in hardware and leveraging the general kernel-level framework to support Application Communities.
On the inadequacy of N-point correlation functions to describe nonlinear cosmological fields: explicit examples and connection to simulations
Creators: name: Carron, Julien
name: Neyrinck, Mark C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by recent results on lognormal statistics showing that the moment hierarchy of a lognormal variable completely fails at capturing its information content in the large variance regime, we discuss in this work the inadequacy of the hierarchy of correlation functions to describe a correlated lognormal field, which provides a roughly accurate description of the non-linear cosmological matter density field. We present families of fields having the same hierarchy of correlation functions than the lognormal field at all orders. This explicitly demonstrates the little studied though known fact that the correlation function hierarchy never provides a complete description of a lognormal field, and that it fails to capture information in the non-linear regime, where other simple observables are left totally unconstrained. We discuss why perturbative, Edgeworth-like approaches to statistics in the non-linear regime, common in cosmology, can never reproduce or predict that effect, and why it is however generic for tailed fields, hinting at a breakdown of the perturbation theory based on the field fluctuations. We make a rough but successful quantitative connection to N-body simulations results, that showed that the spectrum of the log-density field carries more information than the spectrum of the field entering the non-linear regime.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures, matches version accepted for publication by ApJ. Some editing in the conclusion and minor changes w.r.t. v1
QProber: A System for Automatic Classification of Hidden-Web Resources
Creators: name: Ipeirotis, Panagiotis G.
name: Gravano, Luis
name: Sahami, Mehran
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2001
Subjects: Computer science

description: The contents of many valuable web-accessible databases are only available through search interfaces and are hence invisible to traditional web "crawlers." Recently, commercial web sites have started to manually organize web-accessible databases into Yahoo!-like hierarchical classification schemes. Here, we introduce QProber, a modular system that automates this classification process by using a small number of query probes, generated by document classifiers. QProber can use a variety of types of classifiers to generate the probes. To classify a database, QProber does not retrieve or inspect any documents or pages from the database, but rather just exploits the number of matches that each query probe generates at the database in question. We have conducted an extensive experimental evaluation of QProber over collections of real documents, experimenting with different types of document classifiers and retrieval models. We have also tested our system with over one hundred web-accessible databases. Our experiments show that our system has low overhead and achieves high classification accuracy across a variety of databases.
Detection and Exploitation of File Working Sets
Creators: name: Tait, Carl D.
name: Duchamp, Dan
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1990
Subjects: Computer science

description: The work habits of most individuals yield file access patterns that are quite pronounced and can be regarded as defining working sets of files used for particular applications. This paper describes a client-side cache management technique for detecting these patterns and then exploiting them to successfully prefetch files from servers. Trace-driven simulations show the technique substantially increases the hit rate of a client file cache in an environment in which a client workstation is dedicated to a single user. Successful file prefetching carries three major advantages: (1) applications run faster, (2) there is less “˜“˜burst‘‘ load placed on the network, and (3) properly-loaded client caches can better survive network outages. Our technique requires little extra code, and — because it is simply an augmentation of the standard LRU client cache management algorithm — is easily incorporated into existing software.
MOESM8 of A field-based modeling study on ecological characterization of hourly host-seeking behavior and its associated climatic variables in Aedes albopictus
Creators: name: Yin, Qingqing
name: Li, Li
name: Guo, Xiang
name: Wu, Rangke
name: Shi, Benyun
name: Wang, Yuji
name: Liu, Yingjie
name: Wu, Shang
name: Pan, Yicheng
name: Wang, Qi
name: Xie, Tian
name: Hu, Tian
name: Xia, Dan
name: Xia, Shang
name: Kambalame, Dzinkambani
name: Li, Wanyu
name: Song, Zhangyao
name: Zhou, Siyun
name: Deng, Ye
name: Xie, Yu
name: Zhou, Xiao-Nong
name: Wang, Chunmei
name: Chen, Xiao-Guang
name: Zhou, Xiaohong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 8: Table S5. Values of the Watanabe-Akaike information criterion (WAIC) for models used for the assessment of potential influential factors of Ae. albopictus for the period from November 2016 to November 2017.
On the Clausius formulation of the second law in stationary chemical networks through the theorems of the alternative
Creators: name: De Martino, Daniele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: In this article the Gordan theorem is applied to the thermodynamics of a chemical reaction network at steady state. From a theoretical viewpoint it is equivalent to the Clausius formulation of the second law for the out of equilibrium steady states of chemical networks, i.e. it states that the exclusion (presence) of closed reactions loops makes possible (impossible) the definition of a thermodynamic potential and vice versa. On the computational side, it reveals that calculating reactions free energy and searching infeasible loops in flux states are dual problems whose solutions are alternatively inconsistent. The relevance of this result for applications is discussed with an example in the field of constraints-based modeling of cellular metabolism where it leads to efficient and scalable methods to afford the energy balance analysis.