cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Discovery of a Transient U-band Dropout in a Lyman-Break Survey: A Tidally-Disrupted Star at z = 3.3?
Creators: name: Stern, Daniel
name: van Dokkum, P. G.
name: Nugent, Peter
name: Sand, D. J.
name: Ellis, R. S.
name: Sullivan, Mark
name: Bloom, J. S.
name: Frail, D. A.
name: Kneib, J. -P.
name: Koopmans, L. V. E.
name: Treu, Tommaso
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the discovery of a transient source in the central regions of galaxy cluster Abell 267. The object, which we call "PALS1", was found in a survey aimed at identifying highly-magnified Lyman-break galaxies in the fields of intervening rich clusters. At discovery, the source had U>24.7 (2-sigma; AB), g=21.96, and very blue g-r and r-i colors; i.e., PALS1 was a U-band drop-out, characteristic of star-forming galaxies and quasars at z~3. However, three months later the source had faded by more than three magnitudes. Further observations showed a continued decline in luminosity, to R>26.4 seven months after discovery. Though the apparent brightness is suggestive of a supernova at roughly the cluster redshift, we show that the photometry and light curve argue against any known type of supernova at any redshift. The spectral energy distribution and location near the center of a galaxy cluster are consistent with the hypothesis that PALS1 is a gravitationally-lensed transient at z~3.3. If this interpretation is correct, the source is magnified by a factor of 4-7 and two counterimages are predicted. Our lens model predicts time delays between the three images of 1-10 years and that we have witnessed the final occurrence of the transient. The intense luminosity (M(AB) ~ -23.5 after correcting for lensing) and blue UV continuum (implying T>50,000 K) argue the source may have been a flare resulting from the tidal disruption of a star by a 10^6-10^8 solar-mass black hole. Regardless of its physical nature, PALS1 highlights the importance of monitoring regions of high magnification in galaxy clusters for distant, time-varying phenomena.
description: 20 pages, 4 figures; to appear in the Astrophysical Journal; desparately seeking archival images of Abell 267 from Summer 2001
A Discontinuous Galerkin method for three-dimensional elastic and poroelastic wave propagation: forward and adjoint problems
Creators: name: Ward, Nick Dudley
name: Eveson, Simon
name: Lahivaara, Timo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We develop a numerical solver for three-dimensional wave propagation in coupled poroelastic-elastic media, based on a high-order discontinuous Galerkin (DG) method, with the Biot poroelastic wave equation formulated as a first order conservative velocity/strain hyperbolic system. To derive an upwind numerical flux, we find an exact solution to the Riemann problem, including the poroelastic-elastic interface; we also consider attenuation mechanisms both in Biot's low- and high-frequency regimes. Using either a low-storage explicit or implicit-explicit (IMEX) Runge-Kutta scheme, according to the stiffness of the problem, we study the convergence properties of the proposed DG scheme and verify its numerical accuracy. In the Biot low frequency case, the wave can be highly dissipative for small permeabilities; here, numerical errors associated with the dissipation terms appear to dominate those arising from discretisation of the main hyperbolic system. We then implement the adjoint method for this formulation of Biot's equation. In contrast with the usual second order formulation of the Biot equation, we are not dealing with a self-adjoint system but, with an appropriate inner product, the adjoint may be identified with a non-conservative velocity/stress formulation of the Biot equation. We derive dual fluxes for the adjoint and present a simple but illuminating example of the application of the adjoint method.
Eating Places as Food Marketers--Methods, Problems and Areas for Further Research
Creators: name: Sartorius, Lester C.
name: Sartorius, Lester C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1952
Subjects: subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: Eating places market substantial quantities of food products and thus are important to food producers and distributors. They also constitute a unique marketing channel, because many services are sold along with food, thus increasing the costs of marketing. Moreover, quantities, types, and prices of food consumed in eating places are somewhat different from those prevailing in homes. Little if any previous research has been done on measuring the relative importance, costs, and other characteristics of eating places as distributors of food products. This article discusses the methods used and the problems encountered in a pilot study conducted in Minneapolis and Fairmont, Minn., and prepared under the Agricultural Marketing Act of 1946 (RMA, Title II); outlines the areas in which further research is needed; and suggests procedures for this research. Related problems for the United States as a whole are discussed in the article, "Distribution of Food Supply of the United States" by Marguerite C. Burk in this issue of Agricultural Economics Research. As the piolet study is based on a limited number of case studies and on estimated data, the findings are only tentative, or are indicative rather than conclusive. Detailed information as to objectives, methods, data, and limitations are contained in "Eating Places as Marketers of Food Products," U.S. Dept. Agr. Marketing Research Rept. 3. (In press.)
Counter Terms for Low Momentum Nucleon-Nucleon Interactions
Creators: name: Holt, Jason D.
name: Kuo, T. T. S.
name: Brown, G. E.
name: Bogner, Scott K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There is much current interest in treating low energy nuclear physics using the renormalization group (RG) and effective field theory (EFT). Inspired by this RG-EFT approach, we study a low-momentum nucleon-nucleon (NN) interaction, V_{low-k}, obtained by integrating out the fast modes down the scale ~2fm^{-1}. Since NN experiments can only determine the effective interaction in the low momentum region, our chief purpose is to find such an interaction for complex nuclei whose typical momenta lie below this scale. In this paper we find that V_{low-k} can be satisfactorily accounted for by the counter terms corresponding to a short range effective interaction. The coefficients C_n of the power series expansion C_n*k^n for the counter terms have been accurately determined and results derived from several meson-exchange NN interaction models are compared. The counter terms are found to be important for the S, P, and D partial waves. Scaling behavior of the counter terms is also studied, and we discuss the use of these methods for computing shell model matrix elements.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures, substantially revised procedure, content, and references
MOESM1 of Cumulative solar ultraviolet radiation exposure and basal cell carcinoma of the skin in a nationwide US cohort using satellite and ground-based measures
Creators: name: Little, Mark
name: Linet, Martha
name: Kimlin, Michael
name: Lee, Terrence
name: Tatalovich, Zaria
name: Sigurdson, Alice
name: Cahoon, Elizabeth
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1 Table S1. Categories for variables used to define person-year table. Supplementary statistical methods. Table S2. Curvature in exposure response of relative risk of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) with UVR cumulative radiant exposure, using AVGLO and NASA TOMS measures of UVR among 63,912 white technologists. Table S3. Modification by age of excess absolute risk and excess relative risk of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) in relation to ultraviolet radiation (UVR) cumulative radiant exposure. Table S4. Excess absolute risk (+ 95% CI) for AVGLO and NASA TOMS data. Figure S1. Cumulative potential UVR radiant exposure, derived from AVGLO and from NASA TOMS data, by age: (a) age 20 years, (b) age 40 years, (c) age 60 years, and (d) age 80 years. Reproduced from Little et al. [20].
A Test of Survey Methods for Estimating Stumpage Prices
Creators: name: Todd, A.S.
name: Zirkle, John J.
name: Todd, A.S.
name: Zirkle, John J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1952
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: The Forest Service needed information as to prices for standing timber and logs for use in a study of distribution costs and margins in the pine lumber industry of the Southeast. The study was conducted under the Agricultural Marketing Act of 1946 (RMA, Title II). As North Carolina, the chosen site for the study, has 4,600 sawmills and hundreds of thousands of wooded properties, some method of sampling had to be devised. Whom to sample, what kind and how large a sample to take, and how to assure a representative sample were some of the questions that arose. For this reason, and because it seemed an excellent opportunity for a test of price-survey techniques, the study that is reported in the following paper was designed to permit comparisons of several more or less obvious methods of obtaining price data.
Additional file 1 of Systems pharmacogenomics identifies novel targets and clinically actionable therapeutics for medulloblastoma
Creators: name: Genovesi, Laura A.
name: Millar, Amanda
name: Tolson, Elissa
name: Singleton, Matthew
name: Hassall, Emily
name: Kojic, Marija
name: Brighi, Caterina
name: Girard, Emily
name: Andradas, Clara
name: Kuchibhotla, Mani
name: Bhuva, Dharmesh D.
name: Endersby, Raelene
name: Gottardo, Nicholas G.
name: Bernard, Anne
name: Adolphe, Christelle
name: Olson, James M.
name: Taylor, Michael D.
name: Davis, Melissa J.
name: Wainwright, Brandon J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Figure 1. Schematic of data integration to identify and validate therapeutic targets for MB.
Ogyges marilucasae Reyes-Castillo y Castillo 1986
Creators: name: Cano, Enio B.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Passalidae
Ogyges
Ogyges marilucasae

description: Ogyges marilucasae Reyes-Castillo y Castillo, 1986   Holotipo, Fig. 14
 Ogyges marilucasae Reyes-Castillo y Castillo 1986: 147–148, 153; Luna-Zendejas et al. 1988: 309; Schuster y Reyes-Castillo 1990: 30, 34–35; Schuster y Cano 2006: 67; Schuster 1993: 119, 2006; Reyes-Castillo 2003: 168; Reyes-Castillo et al. 2006: 257, 261, 269; Chamé-Vázquez et al. 2010: 39; Cano 2014: 465, 479, 481.
El holotipo macho proviene de la Reserva El Triunfo, Chiapas, México (aproximadamente 15.583465, –92.712404) y está depositado en el IEXA. Las medidas del holotipo son: 24.35 (longitud total), 13.15 (longitud elitral), 8.54 (ancho humeral), 6.53 (largo del pronoto) y 8.47 (ancho del pronoto).
description: Published as part of Cano, Enio B., 2017, Redescripción del género Ogyges Kaup (Coleoptera: Passalidae) con una lista comentada de los tipos primarios, pp. 1-38 in Insecta Mundi 2017 (598) on page 8, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5169736
Cosmological bounds on large extra dimensions from non-thermal production of Kaluza-Klein modes
Creators: name: Allahverdi, Rouzbeh
name: Bird, Chris
name: Nibbelink, Stefan Groot
name: Pospelov, Maxim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The existing cosmological constraints on theories with large extra dimensions rely on the thermal production of the Kaluza-Klein modes of gravitons and radions in the early Universe. Successful inflation and reheating, as well as baryogenesis, typically requires the existence of a TeV-scale field in the bulk, most notably the inflaton. The non-thermal production of KK modes with masses of order 100 GeV accompanying the inflaton decay sets the lower bounds on the fundamental scale M_*. For a 1 TeV inflaton, the late decay of these modes distort the successful predictions of Big Bang Nucleosynthesis unless M_*> 35, 13, 7, 5 and 3 TeV for 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 extra dimensions, respectively. This improves the existing bounds from cosmology on M_* for 4, 5 and 6 extra dimensions. Even more stringent bounds are derived for a heavier inflaton.
description: 17 pages, latex, 4 figures
Probing the minimal length scale by precision tests of the muon g-2
Creators: name: Harbach, U.
name: Hossenfelder, S.
name: Bleicher, M.
name: Stoecker, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Modifications of the gyromagnetic moment of electrons and muons due to a minimal length scale combined with a modified fundamental scale M_f are explored. Deviations from the theoretical Standard Model value for g-2 are derived. Constraints for the fundamental scale M_f are given.
description: 4 pages
Theory of nonlinear interactions between x rays and optical radiation in crystals
Creators: name: Cohen, Ron
name: Shwartz, Sharon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the nonlinear interactions between x rays and longer wavelengths in crystals depend strongly on the band structure and related properties. Consequently, these types of interactions can be used as a powerful probe for fundamental properties of crystalline bulk materials. In contrast to previous work that highlighted that these types of nonlinear interactions can provide microscopic information on the valence electrons at the atomic scale resolution, we show that these interactions also contain information that is related to the periodic potential of the crystal. We explain how it is possible to distinguish between the two contributions. Our work indicates on the possibility for the development of novel multi-dimensional pump-probe metrology techniques that will provide spectroscopic information combined with structural information including ultrafast dynamics at the atomic scale.
Epigenome-wide association study reveals a molecular signature of response to phylloquinone (vitamin K1) supplementation
Creators: name: Westerman, Kenneth
name: Kelly, Jennifer M.
name: Ordovás, José M.
name: Booth, Sarah L.
name: DeMeo, Dawn L.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Evidence suggests there are roles for vitamin K in various chronic disease outcomes, but population-level diet and supplement recommendations are difficult to determine due to high levels of variability in measures of status and response to intake compared to other nutrients. In this preliminary investigation, a blood-based epigenome-wide association study (EWAS) comparing responders and non-responders to phylloquinone (vitamin K1) supplementation (NCT00183001) was undertaken in order to better understand the molecular underpinnings of this observed variability. Responders (n = 24) and non-responders (n = 24) were identified in a prior 3-year phylloquinone supplementation trial based on their changes in plasma phylloquinone concentrations. Differential DNA methylation was identified in multiple regions with previously unknown relationships to phylloquinone absorption and metabolism, such as at the TMEM263 locus. A hypothesis-driven analysis of lipid-related genes highlighted a site in the NPC1L1 gene, supplementing existing evidence for its role in phylloquinone absorption. Furthermore, an EWAS for baseline plasma phylloquinone concentrations revealed a strong correlation between the epigenomic signatures of phylloquinone baseline status and response to supplementation. This work can guide future epigenomic research on vitamin K and contributes to the development of more personalized dietary recommendations for vitamin K.
Effect of Personal Visits on Response Rates to Mail Surveys
Creators: name: Smith, Cecil C.
name: Smith, Cecil C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1952
Subjects: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: Achieving a high rate of response to a mail survey is important from several viewpoints. Aside from any statistical considerations, it is obviously a waste of time and money to address envelopes and to mail questionnaires to people who do not return them. The Statistical aspects of the problem are even more serious. A low return usually means that the reported data are not representative of the universe the investigator is trying to sample. The various geographic areas may not be covered in their proper proportions and the few people who do respond from each locality may differ considerably from the average in that locality with respect to the item being estimated. Such differences tend to be predominantly in one direction. They lead to serious biases for which satisfactory adjustments cannot always be made. Even when the bias is kept under control by interviewing samples of nonrespondents, investigators find that it pays to have a high response to the mailed inquiry. The higher the response, the smaller the sample of interviewed nonrespondents needs to be to attain the desired level of statistical precision. Rates of response can be stimulated by several different devices. This paper considers one of these--the effects of personal visits to the individuals on a mailing list.
Computing the wavefunction from trajectories: particle and wave pictures in quantum mechanics and their relation
Creators: name: Holland, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the particle method in quantum mechanics which provides an exact scheme to calculate the time-dependent wavefunction from a single-valued continuum of trajectories where two spacetime points are linked by at most a single orbit. A natural language for the theory is offered by the hydrodynamic analogy, in which wave mechanics corresponds to the Eulerian picture and the particle theory to the Lagrangian picture. The Lagrangian model for the quantum fluid may be developed from a variational principle. The Euler-Lagrange equations imply a fourth-order nonlinear partial differential equation to calculate the trajectories of the fluid particles as functions of their initial coordinates using as input the initial wavefunction. The admissible solutions are those consistent with quasi-potential flow. The effect of the superposition principle is represented via a nonclassical force on each particle. The wavefunction is computed via the standard map between the Lagrangian coordinates and the Eulerian fields, which provides the analogue in this model of Huygens principle in wave mechanics. The method is illustrated by calculating the time-dependence of a free Gaussian wavefunction. The Eulerian and Lagrangian pictures are complementary descriptions of a quantum process in that they have associated Hamiltonian formulations that are connected by a canonical transformation. The de Broglie-Bohm interpretation, which employs the same set of trajectories, should not be conflated with the Lagrangian version of the hydrodynamic interpretation. The theory implies that the mathematical results of the de Broglie-Bohm model may be regarded as statements about quantum mechanics itself rather than about its interpretation.
description: 26 pages
Dark matter distribution and dynamics of dwarf spheroidal galaxies
Creators: name: Lokas, Ewa L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I review the current status of dynamical modelling of dwarf spheroidal galaxies focusing on estimates of their dark matter content. Starting with the simplest methods using the velocity dispersion profiles I discuss the inherent issues of mass-anisotropy degeneracy and contamination by unbound stars. I then move on to methods of increasing complexity, aiming to break the degeneracy, up to recent applications of the Schwarzschild orbit superposition method. The dynamical modelling is placed in the context of possible scenarios for the formation of dwarf spheroidal galaxies, including the tidal stirring model and mergers of dwarf galaxies. The two scenarios are illustrated with examples from simulations: a comparison between the tidal evolution of dwarfs with cuspy and cored dark matter profiles and the formation of a dwarf spheroidal with prolate rotation.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures, invited review for the IAU Symposium 353 "Galactic Dynamics in the Era of Large Surveys"
The transverse velocity and excitation structure of the HH 110 jet
Creators: name: Riera, A.
name: Lopez, R.
name: Raga, A. C.
name: Estalella, R.
name: Anglada, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present long-slit spectroscopic observations of the HH 110 jet obtained with the 4.2~m William Herschel Telescope. We have obtained for the first time, spectra for slit positions along and across the jet axis (at the position of knots B, C, I, J and P) to search for the observational signatures of entrainment and turbulence by studying the kinematics and the excitation structure. We find that the HH 110 flow accelerates from a velocity of 35 km/s in knot A up to 110 km/s in knot P. We find some systematic trends for the variation of the emission line ratios along the jet. No clear trends for the variation of the radial velocity are seen across the width of the jet beam. The cross sections of the jet show complex radial velocity and line emission structures which differ quite strongly from each other.
description: 1 tar file
The Story of Agricultural Economics: A Review
Creators: name: Wells, Oris V.
name: Wells, Oris V.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1953
Subjects: Agribusiness

description: Ordinarily this article would appear in our Book Review section with the usual citation: The Story of Agricultural Economics in the United States, 1840-1932. By Henry C. and Anne Dewees Taylor (with foreword by Everett E. Edwards). The Iowa State College Press, Ames, Iowa. XXVI+ 1121 pages. 1951. $10. But this is no ordinary book. Rather, if the editors may anticipate their reviewer, this is "a surprisingly good book," one which we think should be called to the attention of all agricultural economists who are interested in the development of their science or discipline. For this is essentially a research product in which the Taylors have traced the development of agricultural economics from its somewhat uncertain beginnings into the year 1932. The plan of the project was based on the idea of quoting the actual words of the agricultural economists themselves rather than simply submitting the ideas of the authors. This task of finding the original sources and making the appropriate selections was a difficult one. In fact, some 200 persons contributed in varying degrees, with the work of collecting materials starting so long ago as 1939 in the form of a joint effort of the senior author, then Managing Director of the Farm Foundation, and the History Section of our Division of Statistical and Historical Research.
Gravitational Lensing of Epoch-of-reionization Gas
Creators: name: Pen, Ue-Li
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I present a weak lensing sensitivity estimate for upcoming high redshift (epoch of reionization and beyond) 21cm surveys. Instruments such as PAST, LOFAR and SKA should be able to measure the weak lensing power spectrum to precisions far exceeding conceivable optical surveys. Three types of sources are detectable, which include the re-ionization stromgren spheres, large scale structure, and minihalos. Tomography allows the measurement of the time evolution of the dark matter power spectrum. Raw sensitivities allow measurement of many cosmological parameters, including dark energy, neutrino mass and cosmic equations of state, to percent accuracy. It also has the potential for inflationary gravity wave measurements. Ultimate limits may be achievable through radio observations of 10^18 minihalos. Inflationary Hubble parameters H_I down to 10^-9 M_Planck can be detected through this effect. Second order effects may also be observable, allowing tests for backreaction and the quantum mechanical origin of perturbations.
description: 14 pages, including 2 figures, accepted in New Astronomy
Maps of the Cosmos: The Cosmic Microwave Background
Creators: name: Page, Lyman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Since the IAU XXIV meeting in 2000, the CMB anisotropy has matured from being one of a number of cosmological probes to forming the bedrock foundation for what is now the standard model of cosmology. The large advances over the past three years have come from making better and better maps of the cosmos. We review the state of measurements of the anisotropy and outline some of what we have learned since 2000. The recent advancements may be placed roughly into three categories: 1) What we learn from the CMB with minimal input from other cosmic measurements such as the Hubble constant; 2) What we learn from the CMB in combination with other probes of large scale structure; and 3) What we learn by using the CMB as a back light. Future directions are also discussed. It is clear: we have much more to learn from the CMB anisotropy.
description: 15 pgs, 6 figures, Proceedings from IAU 2003, M. Colless ed
Ogyges nahuali Schuster, Cano y Boucher 2005
Creators: name: Cano, Enio B.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Passalidae
Ogyges
Ogyges nahuali

description: Ogyges nahuali Schuster, Cano y Boucher, 2005   Lectotipo y Paratipo, Fig. 16–17
 Ogyges nahuali Schuster, Cano y Boucher 2005: 127–129; Schuster 2006: 382; Cano 2014: 469, 471, 476, 479, 482.
El holotipo macho (Fig. 16) fue colectado a 16 kms del Parque Nacional “La Muralla”, Departamento de Olancho en Honduras (aproximadamente 16.0981, –86.74038) y está depositado en el MNHN, París. Las medidas del holotipo son las siguientes: 33.96 (longitud total), 18.52 (longitud elitral), 11.11 (ancho humeral), 9.22 (largo del pronoto) y 11.97 (ancho del pronoto). La porción dorsal distal del cuerno central está gastada. Imágenes de un paratipo almacenado en la UVGC, en la Fig. 17.
description: Published as part of Cano, Enio B., 2017, Redescripción del género Ogyges Kaup (Coleoptera: Passalidae) con una lista comentada de los tipos primarios, pp. 1-38 in Insecta Mundi 2017 (598) on page 9, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5169736
Fast quantum algorithm for numerical gradient estimation
Creators: name: Jordan, Stephen P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Given a blackbox for f, a smooth real scalar function of d real variables, one wants to estimate the gradient of f at a given point with n bits of precision. On a classical computer this requires a minimum of d+1 blackbox queries, whereas on a quantum computer it requires only one query regardless of d. The number of bits of precision to which f must be evaluated matches the classical requirement in the limit of large n.
description: additional references and minor clarifications and corrections to version 1
Infrared and Visual Interstellar Absorption Features toward Heavily- Reddened Field Stars
Creators: name: Rawlings, M. G.
name: Adamson, A. J.
name: Whittet, D. C. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present measurements of the 3.4-micron hydrocarbon dust absorption feature, and four visual diffuse interstellar bands, for twelve highly reddened (9.0
description: 37 pages, including 7 tables and 13 figures; accepted by MNRAS
MOESM3 of Pharmacist-led therapeutic carbohydrate restriction as a treatment strategy for type 2 diabetes: the Pharm-TCR randomized controlled trial protocol
Creators: name: Durrer, Cody
name: McKelvey, Sean
name: Singer, Joel
name: Batterham, Alan
name: Johnson, James
name: Wortman, Jay
name: Little, Jonathan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 3. SPIRIT 2013 Checklist: Recommended items to address in a clinical trial protocol and related documents.
SEERL: Sample Efficient Ensemble Reinforcement Learning
Creators: name: Saphal, Rohan
name: Ravindran, Balaraman
name: Mudigere, Dheevatsa
name: Avancha, Sasikanth
name: Kaul, Bharat
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Ensemble learning is a very prevalent method employed in machine learning. The relative success of ensemble methods is attributed to their ability to tackle a wide range of instances and complex problems that require different low-level approaches. However, ensemble methods are relatively less popular in reinforcement learning owing to the high sample complexity and computational expense involved in obtaining a diverse ensemble. We present a novel training and model selection framework for model-free reinforcement algorithms that use ensembles of policies obtained from a single training run. These policies are diverse in nature and are learned through directed perturbation of the model parameters at regular intervals. We show that learning and selecting an adequately diverse set of policies is required for a good ensemble while extreme diversity can prove detrimental to overall performance. Selection of an adequately diverse set of policies is done through our novel policy selection framework. We evaluate our approach on challenging discrete and continuous control tasks and also discuss various ensembling strategies. Our framework is substantially sample efficient, computationally inexpensive and is seen to outperform state-of-the-art (SOTA) scores in Atari 2600 and Mujoco.
description: Accepted at Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Autonomous Agents and MultiAgent Systems
Additional file 1 of GenErode: a bioinformatics pipeline to investigate genome erosion in endangered and extinct species
Creators: name: Kutschera, Verena E.
name: Kierczak, Marcin
name: van der Valk, Tom
name: von Seth, Johanna
name: Dussex, Nicolas
name: Lord, Edana
name: Dehasque, Marianne
name: Stanton, David W. G.
name: Khoonsari, Payam Emami
name: Nystedt, Björn
name: Dalén, Love
name: Díez-del-Molino, David
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1. Supplementary Information, which contains Extended methods notes 1–2, Tables S1-S3 and Figures S1–S4
High speed outflows driven by the 30 Doradus starburst
Creators: name: Redman, M. P.
name: Al-Mostafa, Z. A.
name: Meaburn, J.
name: Bryce, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Echelle spectroscopy has been carried out towards a sample region of the halo of the giant HII region 30 Doradus in the Large Magellanic Cloud. This new kinematical data is the amongst the most sensitive yet obtained for this nebula and reveals a wealth of faint, complex high speed features. These are interpreted in terms of localised shells due to individual stellar winds and supernova explosions, and collections of discrete knots of emission that still retain the velocity pattern of the giant shells from which they fragmented. The high speed velocity features may trace the base of the superwind that emanates from the 30 Doradus starburst, distributed around the super star cluster R136.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Ogyges politus
Creators: name: Cano, Enio B.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Passalidae
Ogyges
Ogyges politus

description: Ogyges politus (Hincks, 1953)   Holotipo y Paratipo, Fig. 18–19
 Proculejus politus Hincks 1953: 29, 31–32.
 Ogyges politus (Hincks); Reyes-Castillo 1970: 176; Virkki y Reyes-Castillo 1972: 52, 55; Schuster 1989: 695, 2006: 382, 387, 389; Schuster y Reyes-Castillo 1990: 20–22, 24; Schuster et al. 2000: 200, 2005: 119; Schuster y Cano 2005: 258–259, 263, 2006: 63, 67; Boucher 2006: 298, 346, 308, 357; Cano 2014: 479, 481.
La serie tipo proviene de un bosque nuboso en la Hacienda Montecristo (aproximadamente 14.415829, –89.357869, 2200 m), en el Cerro Montecristo, El Salvador, en la frontera de tres países, Guatemala, Honduras y El Salvador (conocido como “Trifinio”). El holotipo (Fig. 18) con la palabra manuscrita “HOLO-” seguida de la tipografía “ Typus ”, está depositado en el SNM, Frankfurt. El paratipo de la Fig. 19 está depositado en la UVGC, con la tipografía “Para- typoid”. Las medidas del paratipo de la UVGC son: 38.63 (longitud total), 21.19 (longitud elitral), 12.09 (ancho humeral), 10.31 (largo del pronoto) y 13.11 (ancho del pronoto).
description: Published as part of Cano, Enio B., 2017, Redescripción del género Ogyges Kaup (Coleoptera: Passalidae) con una lista comentada de los tipos primarios, pp. 1-38 in Insecta Mundi 2017 (598) on page 9, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5169736
Betaine restores epigenetic control and supports neuronal mitochondria in the cuprizone mouse model of multiple sclerosis
Creators: name: Singhal, Naveen K.
name: Sternbach, Sarah
name: Fleming, Sheila
name: Kholoud Alkhayer
name: Shelestak, John
name: Popescu, Daniela
name: Alyx Weaver
name: Clements, Robert
name: Wasek, Brandi
name: Bottiglieri, Teodoro
name: Freeman, Ernest J.
name: McDonough, Jennifer
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology

description: Methionine metabolism is dysregulated in multiple sclerosis (MS). The methyl donor betaine is depleted in the MS brain where it is linked to changes in levels of histone H3 trimethylated on lysine 4 (H3K4me3) and mitochondrial impairment. We investigated the effects of replacing this depleted betaine in the cuprizone mouse model of MS. Supplementation with betaine restored epigenetic control and alleviated neurological disability in cuprizone mice. Betaine increased the methylation potential (SAM/SAH ratio), levels of H3K4me3, enhanced neuronal respiration, and prevented axonal damage. We show that the methyl donor betaine and the betaine homocysteine methyltransferase (BHMT) enzyme can act in the nucleus to repair epigenetic control and activate neuroprotective transcriptional programmes. ChIP-seq data suggest that BHMT acts on chromatin to increase the SAM/SAH ratio and histone methyltransferase activity locally to increase H3K4me3 and activate gene expression that supports neuronal energetics. These data suggest that the methyl donor betaine may provide neuroprotection in MS where mitochondrial impairment damages axons and causes disability.
Long-Term Urban Vehicle Localization Using Pole Landmarks Extracted from 3-D Lidar Scans
Creators: name: Schaefer, Alexander
name: Büscher, Daniel
name: Vertens, Johan
name: Luft, Lukas
name: Burgard, Wolfram
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Due to their ubiquity and long-term stability, pole-like objects are well suited to serve as landmarks for vehicle localization in urban environments. In this work, we present a complete mapping and long-term localization system based on pole landmarks extracted from 3-D lidar data. Our approach features a novel pole detector, a mapping module, and an online localization module, each of which are described in detail, and for which we provide an open-source implementation at www.github.com/acschaefer/polex. In extensive experiments, we demonstrate that our method improves on the state of the art with respect to long-term reliability and accuracy: First, we prove reliability by tasking the system with localizing a mobile robot over the course of 15~months in an urban area based on an initial map, confronting it with constantly varying routes, differing weather conditions, seasonal changes, and construction sites. Second, we show that the proposed approach clearly outperforms a recently published method in terms of accuracy.
description: 9 pages
Additional file 1 of Prognostic and tumor immunity implication of inflammatory bowel disease-associated genes in colorectal cancer
Creators: name: Wang, Di
name: Xie, Biao
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 1: Table S1 Correlation between the 7 prognostic genes and immune cells infiltration. Table S2 Significantly enriched pathways in high-risk patients using gene-set enrichment analysis. Figure S1 (A, C) Transcription factor binding sites analysis in the promoter regions of upregulated (A) and downregulated IBDGs (C) using EPD database. (B, D) The expression of 9 key transcription factors in colorectal cancer were analyzed using GEPIA database (*P < 0.05). Figure S2. Prognostic value of IBDGs in rectal cancer patients were evaluated using Kaplan–Meier plotter database. Figure S3 Establishment and verification of prognostic signature based on IL4R, IL2RB and NAT2. (A, D) The survival status, riskscores and prognostic signature expression levels of each patient in training and test cohort. (B, E) Kaplan–Meier survival curve between high and low riskscore patients in training and test cohort. (C, F) Time-dependent (1–5 years) ROC curve comparison of training and test cohort. Figure S4 Verification of prognostic signature in entire cohort. (A) The survival status, riskscores and prognostic signature expression levels of each patient in entire cohort. (B) Kaplan–Meier survival curve between high and low riskscore patients in entire cohort. (C) Time-dependent (1–5 years) ROC curve comparison of entire cohort. Figure S5 Correlations between somatic copy number alterations (SCNA) of the 7 prognostic genes and immune infiltration level in COAD and READ were analyzed through TIMER database (two-sided Wilcoxon rank sum test. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 and ***P < 0.001).
Epigenome-wide association study reveals a molecular signature of response to phylloquinone (vitamin K1) supplementation
Creators: name: Westerman, Kenneth
name: Kelly, Jennifer
name: Ordovás, José M.
name: Booth, Sarah L.
name: DeMeo, Dawn L.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Evidence suggests there are roles for vitamin K in various chronic disease outcomes, but population-level diet and supplement recommendations are difficult to determine due to high levels of variability in measures of status and response to intake compared to other nutrients. In this preliminary investigation, a blood-based epigenome-wide association study (EWAS) comparing responders and non-responders to phylloquinone (vitamin K1) supplementation (NCT00183001) was undertaken in order to better understand the molecular underpinnings of this observed variability. Responders (n=24) and non-responders (n=24) were identified in a prior 3-year phylloquinone supplementation trial based on their changes in plasma phylloquinone concentrations. Differential DNA methylation was identified in multiple regions with previously unknown relationships to phylloquinone absorption and metabolism, such as at the TMEM263 locus. A hypothesis-driven analysis of lipid-related genes highlighted a site in the NPC1L1 gene, supplementing existing evidence for its role in phylloquinone absorption. Furthermore, an EWAS for baseline plasma phylloquinone concentrations revealed a strong correlation between the epigenomic signatures of phylloquinone baseline status and response to supplementation. This work can guide future epigenomic research on vitamin K and contributes to the development of more personalized dietary recommendations for vitamin K.
Short-term global crop acreage response to international food prices and implications of volatility
Creators: name: Haile, Mekbib G.
name: Kalkuhl, Matthias
name: Von Braun, Joachim
name: Haile, Mekbib G.
name: Kalkuhl, Matthias
name: Von Braun, Joachim
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Farm Management
subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: food price volatility
subject: acreage response
subject: price expectation
subject: land use
subject: food supply

description: Understanding how producers make decisions to allot acreage among crops and how decisions about land use are affected by changes in prices and their volatility is fundamental for predicting the supply of staple crops and, hence, assessing the global food supply situation. The innovations of the present paper are estimates of monthly (i.e. seasonal) versus annual global acreage response models for four staple crops: wheat, soybeans, corn and rice. We focus on the impact of (expected) crop prices, oil and fertilizer prices and market risks as main determinants for farmers’ decisions on how to allocate their land. Primary emphasis is given to the magnitude and speed of the allocation process. Estimation of intra-annual acreage elasticity is crucial for expected supply and for input demand, especially in the light of the recent short-term volatility in food prices. Such aggregate estimates are also valuable to verify whether involved country-specific estimations add up to patterns that are apparent in the aggregate international data. The econometric results indicate that global crop acreage responds to crop prices and price risks, input costs as well as a time trend. Depending on respective crop, short-run elasticities are about 0.05 to 0.25; price volatility tends to reduce acreage response of some crops; comparison of the annual and the monthly acreage response elasticities suggests that acreage adjusts seasonally around the globe to new information and expectations. Given the seasonality of agriculture, time is of the essence for acreage response: The analysis indicates that acreage allocation is more sensitive to prices in northern hemisphere spring than in winter and the response varies across months.
MOESM1 of Pharmacist-led therapeutic carbohydrate restriction as a treatment strategy for type 2 diabetes: the Pharm-TCR randomized controlled trial protocol
Creators: name: Durrer, Cody
name: McKelvey, Sean
name: Singer, Joel
name: Batterham, Alan
name: Johnson, James
name: Wortman, Jay
name: Little, Jonathan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1. Deprescription plan.
Thomisidae Sundevall 1833
Creators: name: Paquin, Pierre
name: Vink, Cor J.
name: Dupérré, Nadine
name: Sirvid, Phil J.
name: Court, David J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Thomisidae

description: Thomisidae   Tharpyna munda L. Koch 1875: 600, plate 47, fig. 3. Erroneously reported in New Zealand.
 Koch’s description does not include any locality but mentions “Ein Exemplar in Mr. Bradley’s Sammlung”. Mr. Bradley collected some spiders in New Zealand (see comments above for Araneus brisbanae), and Simon (1895: 1014) concluded that the species occurs in New Zealand, possibly because of the comments of Keyserling (1887). This interpretation was repeated in Roewer (1955) and Platnick (2008) but in contrast, the New Zealand species lists of Urquhart (1892a), Hutton (1904), and Parrott (1946) do not mention this species or any other Tharpyna. Rainbow (1911) and Bonnet (1959: 4414) reported the species from Australia only, which appears the correct interpretation. In the light of actual data, we conclude that the description and illustration of Tharpyna munda, which are quite distinctive (see fig. 3 of Koch 1875), do not match any known species from New Zealand, and that the record is best considered erroneous.
description: Published as part of Paquin, Pierre, Vink, Cor J., Dupérré, Nadine, Sirvid, Phil J. & Court, David J., 2008, Nomina dubia and faunistic issues with New Zealand spiders (Araneae), pp. 1-6 in Insecta Mundi 2008 (46) on page 4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5169926