cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Life-Cycle and Techno-Economic Assessment of Early-Stage Carbon Capture and Utilization Technologies—A Discussion of Current Challenges and Best Practices
Creators: name: Zimmermann, Arno W.
name: Langhorst, Tim
name: Moni, Sheikh
name: Schaidle, Joshua A.
name: Bensebaa, Farid
name: Bardow, André
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 333 Boden- und Energiewirtschaft
subject: carbon capture and utilization
subject: technology readiness levels
subject: technology maturity
subject: emerging technologies
subject: techno-economic assessment
subject: life cycle assessment

description: The mitigation of climate change requires research, development, and deployment of new technologies that are not only economically viable but also environmentally benign. Systematic and continuous technology assessment from early technology maturity onwards allows assessment practitioners to identify economic and environmental characteristics. With this information, decision-makers can focus time and resources on the most promising technologies. A broad toolset for technology assessment exists—stretching from the well-established life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology to more loosely defined techno-economic analysis (TEA) methods and the increasingly popular principles of technology maturity assessment such as the concept of technology readiness levels (TRL). However, current technology assessment practice faces various challenges at early stages, resulting in a potential mismatch of study results and stakeholders' needs and an escalation of assessment effort. In this practice review, we outline current challenges in the interplay of LCA, TEA, and TRL and present best practices for assessing early-stage climate change mitigation technologies in the field of carbon capture and utilization (CCU). The findings help practitioners systematically identify the TRL of a technology and adapt technology assessment methodologies accordingly. We highlight the methodological challenges for practitioners when adapting the goal and scope, identifying benchmark technologies, creating a comprehensive inventory, comparing early stage to commercial stage, ensuring clarity of recommendations for decision-making under high uncertainty, and streamlining conventional LCA and TEA assessment approaches and provide actionable recommendations. Overall, this work contributes to identifying promising technologies faster and more systematically, accelerating the development of new technologies for climate change mitigation and beyond.
Alignment-related Effects in Forward Proton Experiments at the LHC
Creators: name: Staszewski, R.
name: Chwastowski, J.
name: Korcyl, K.
name: Trzebiński, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The activity in the field of diffractive physics at the Large Hadron Collider has been constantly increasing. This includes the planning for additional dedicated apparatus -- horizontal forward proton detectors. This work focuses on the problems related to the alignment of such devices. The effects of the misalignment of the detectors on their geometric acceptance and on the reconstruction of the proton kinematics are studied. The requirements for the alignment precision are inferred for different types of possible measurements.
description: 15 pages, 29 figures
title: Теория принятия решений в специальных организационно-технических системах
Creators: name: ELS IPR BOOKS
Publisher: name: Саратовский государственный технический университет имени Ю.А. Гагарина, ЭБС АСВ
Year: 2023

description: В учебном пособии рассмотрены методы принятия решений, применяемые при многокритериальной оценке альтернатив, в конфликтных ситуациях, в процессах выбора и отбора, в условиях неопределенности, а также при формировании целевого предложения. Излагаются основные понятия теории игр, теории бинарных отношений, теории нечеткости Заде. Представлены необходимые сведения о возможных подходах к оптимизации на основе нечеткой меры и нечётких интегралов. Учебное пособие предназначено для студентов, магистрантов и аспирантов направлений технической подготовки.
Potent and broad HIV-neutralizing antibodies in memory B cells and plasma
Creators: name: Korber, B.
name: Yang, G.
name: Kepler, T.B.
name: Tomaras, G.D.
name: Parks, R.J.
name: Cohen, M.S.
name: Schätzle, S.
name: Mascola, J.R.
name: Marshall, D.J.
name: Montefiori, D.C.
name: Liao, H.-X.
name: Xia, S.-M.
name: Bradley, T.
name: McKee, K.
name: McDaniel, J.R.
name: Georgiou, G.
name: Saunders, K.O.
name: Wagh, K.
name: Morris, L.
name: Kamanga, G.
name: Nie, X.
name: Munir Alam, S.
name: Tumba, N.L.
name: Bailer, R.T.
name: Georgiev, I.S.
name: Anasti, K.
name: O’Dell, S.
name: Lougheed, C.S.
name: Seaman, M.S.
name: Louder, M.K.
name: Nicely, N.I.
name: Kelsoe, G.
name: Williams, L.D.
name: Gao, F.
name: Haynes, B.F.
name: Bonsignori, M.
name: Wiehe, K.
name: Lu, X.
name: Moody, M.A.
name: Wu, L.
name: Ofek, G.
Publisher: name: American Association for the Advancement of Science
Year: 2017

description: Induction of broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) is a goal of HIV-1 vaccine development. Antibody 10E8, reactive with the distal portion of the membrane-proximal external region (MPER) of HIV-1 gp41, is broadly neutralizing. However, the ontogeny of distal MPER antibodies and the relationship of memory B cell to plasma bnAbs are poorly understood. HIV-1–specific memory B cell flow sorting and proteomic identification of anti-MPER plasma antibodies from an HIV-1–infected individual were used to isolate broadly neutralizing distal MPER bnAbs of the same B cell clonal lineage. Structural analysis demonstrated that antibodies from memory B cells and plasma recognized the envelope gp41 bnAb epitope in a distinct orientation compared with other distal MPER bnAbs. The unmutated common ancestor of this distal MPER bnAb was autoreactive, suggesting lineage immune tolerance control. Construction of chimeric antibodies of memory B cell and plasma antibodies yielded a bnAb that potently neutralized most HIV-1 strains.
Adapting Technology Learning Curves for Prospective Techno-Economic and Life Cycle Assessments of Emerging Carbon Capture and Utilization Pathways
Creators: name: Faber, Grant
name: Ruttinger, Andrew
name: Strunge, Till
name: Langhorst, Tim
name: Zimmermann, Arno
name: Van Der Hulst, Mitchell
name: Bensebaa, Farid
name: Moni, Sheikh
name: Tao, Ling
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 333 Boden- und Energiewirtschaft
subject: carbon capture and utilization
subject: technology learning curves
subject: experience curves
subject: learning rates
subject: prospective assessment
subject: CO2 mineralization
subject: techno-economic assessment
subject: life cycle assessment

description: Comparisons of emerging carbon capture and utilization (CCU) technologies with equivalent incumbent technologies are necessary to support technology developers and to help policy-makers design appropriate long-term incentives to mitigate climate change through the deployment of CCU. In particular, early-stage CCU technologies must prove their economic viability and environmental reduction potential compared to already-deployed technologies. These comparisons can be misleading, as emerging technologies typically experience a drastic increase in performance and decrease in cost and greenhouse gas emissions as they develop from research to mass-market deployment due to various forms of learning. These changes complicate the interpretation of early techno-economic assessments (TEAs) and life cycle assessments (LCAs) of emerging CCU technologies. The effects of learning over time or cumulative production themselves can be quantitatively described using technology learning curves (TLCs). While learning curve approaches have been developed for various technologies, a harmonized methodology for using TLCs in TEA and LCA for CCU in particular is required. To address this, we describe a methodology that incorporates TLCs into TEA and LCA to forecast the environmental and economic performance of emerging CCU technologies. This methodology is based on both an evaluation of the state of the art of learning curve assessment and a literature review of TLC approaches developed in various manufacturing and energy generation sectors. Additionally, we demonstrate how to implement this methodology using a case study on a CO2 mineralization pathway. Finally, commentary is provided on how researchers, technology developers, and LCA and TEA practitioners can advance the use of TLCs to allow for consistent, high-resolution modeling of technological learning for CCU going forward and enable holistic assessments and fairer comparisons with other climate technologies.
PSSOH Linux installation workshop (in Serbian: "PSSOH radionica instaliranja Linuksa")
Creators: name: Todorović, Nikola
name: Pavlović, Mihajlo
name: Petković, Dejan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Linux
installation
free software
workshop
laptop
computer
operating system

description: SRPSKI JEZIK Post-konferencijska PSSOH radionica na temu instaliranja Linuksa koja je održana 31. oktobra 2020. godine na Univerzitetu u Beogradu - Elektrotehničkom fakultetu u sali 69. Zvanični naziv radionice na srpskom jeziku je "Radionica instaliranja Linuksa". Ova verzija sadrži najavu radionice. PSSOH 2020 konferencija je uključila dve post-konferencijske radionice koje su održane 31. oktobar 2020. godine: Radionica instaliranja Linuksa koju su pripremili N. Todorović, M. Pavlović, D. Petković Kako napraviti Klimerka koju su pripremili Ž. Milošević Desiree i V. Stanić ENGLISH LANGUAGE Post-conferece PSSOH workshop on how to install Linux was held on October 31, 2020 at the University of Belgrade - School of Electrical Engineering in room 69. The workshop title in English is "Linux installation workshop". This version contains workshop announcement. PSSOH 2020 conference included two post-conference workshops both held on October 31, 2020 (TBC): Linux installation workshop by N. Todorović, M. Pavlović, D. Petković How to assemble Klimerko by Ž. Milošević Desiree i V. Stanić
description: Photo of the building of Technical faculties (where PSSOH 2019 will take place) presented in the document was taken by Assist. Prof. Miodrag Tasić, PhD from University of Belgrade - School of Electrical Engineering, Belgrade, Serbia.
Virion incorporation of integrin α4β7 facilitates HIV-1 infection and intestinal homing
Creators: name: Park, C.
name: Kehrl, J.H.
name: Fauci, A.S.
name: Rehm, C.
name: Guzzo, C.
name: Miao, H.
name: Kwon, A.
name: Arthos, J.
name: Lu, J.
name: Ichikawa, D.
name: Zhang, P.
name: Liu, Q.
name: Cohen, M.S.
name: Phillips, D.
name: Cicala, C.
name: Lusso, P.
Publisher: name: American Association for the Advancement of Science
Year: 2017

description: The intestinal mucosa is a key anatomical site for HIV-1 replication and CD4+ T cell depletion. Accordingly, in vivo treatment with an antibody to the gut-homing integrin 47 was shown to reduce viral transmission, delay disease progression, and induce persistent virus control in macaques challenged with simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV). We show that integrin 47 is efficiently incorporated into the envelope of HIV-1 virions. Incorporated 47 is functionally active as it binds mucosal addressin cell adhesion molecule–1 (MAdCAM-1), promoting HIV-1 capture by and infection of MAdCAM-expressing cells, which in turn mediate trans-infection of bystander cells. Functional 47 is present in circulating virions from HIV-infected patients and SIV-infected macaques, with peak levels during the early stages of infection. In vivo homing experiments documented selective and specific uptake of 47+ HIV-1 virions by high endothelial venules in the intestinal mucosa. These results extend the paradigm of tissue homing to a retrovirus and are relevant for the pathogenesis, treatment, and prevention of HIV-1 infection.
Linking forms and stabilization of diffeomorphism groups of manifolds of dimension 4n+1
Creators: name: Perlmutter, Nathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57R90, 57R15, 57R56, 55P47

description: Let $n \geq 2$. We prove a homological stability theorem for the diffeomorphism groups of $(4n+1)$-dimensional manifolds, with respect to forming the connected sum with $(2n-1)$-connected, $(4n+1)$-dimensional manifolds that are stably parallelizable. Our techniques involve the study of the action of the diffeomorphism group of a manifold $M$, on the linking form associated to the homology groups of $M$. In particular, we construct a geometric model for the linking form using the intersections of embedded and immersed $\mathbb{Z}/k$-manifolds. In addition to our main homological stability theorem, we prove several disjunction results for the embeddings and immersions of $\mathbb{Z}/k$-manifolds that could be of independent interest.
description: 56 pages. v4 accepted for publication in Journal of Topology
Computational analysis of antibody dynamics identifies recent HIV-1 infection
Creators: name: Naniche, D.
name: Tomaras, G.D.
name: Vandergrift, N.A.
name: Denny, T.N.
name: Duerr, A.C.
name: Liao, H.-X.
name: Haynes, B.F.
name: Grebe, E.
name: Rountree, W.
name: Welte, A.
name: Shen, X.
name: Hampton, D.
name: Seaton, K.E.
name: Marson, K.
name: Sawant, S.
name: Keating, S.
name: Facente, S.
name: Yates, N.L.
name: Santos, B.R.
name: Garrett, N.
name: Price, M.A.
name: Robb, M.L.
name: Parkin, N.
name: Anderson, D.A.
name: Pilcher, C.D.
name: Deal, A.W.
name: Bainbridge, J.
name: Cohen, M.S.
Publisher: name: American Society for Clinical Investigation
Year: 2017

description: Accurate HIV-1 incidence estimation is critical to the success of HIV-1 prevention strategies. Current assays are limited by high false recent rates (FRRs) in certain populations and a short mean duration of recent infection (MDRI). Dynamic early HIV-1 antibody response kinetics were harnessed to identify biomarkers for improved incidence assays. We conducted retrospective analyses on circulating antibodies from known recent and longstanding infections and evaluated binding and avidity measurements of Env and non-Env antigens and multiple antibody forms (i.e., IgG, IgA, IgG3, IgG4, dIgA, and IgM) in a diverse panel of 164 HIV-1–infected participants (clades A, B, C). Discriminant function analysis identified an optimal set of measurements that were subsequently evaluated in a 324-specimen blinded biomarker validation panel. These biomarkers included clade C gp140 IgG3, transmitted/founder clade C gp140 IgG4 avidity, clade B gp140 IgG4 avidity, and gp41 immunodominant region IgG avidity. MDRI was estimated at 215 day or alternatively, 267 days. FRRs in untreated and treated subjects were 5.0% and 3.6%, respectively. Thus, computational analysis of dynamic HIV-1 antibody isotype and antigen interactions during infection enabled design of a promising HIV-1 recency assay for improved cross-sectional incidence estimation.
Quantum spin Hall insulator in proximity with a superconductor: Transition to the Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov state driven by a Zeeman field
Creators: name: De, Suman Jyoti
name: Khanna, Udit
name: Rao, Sumathi
name: Das, Sourin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the effects of introducing a boost (a Zeeman field parallel to the spin quantization axis) at the proximitized helical edge of a two-dimensional (2D) quantum spin Hall insulator. Our self-consistent analysis finds that a Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov (FFLO) superconducting phase may emerge at the edge when the boost is larger than a critical value tied to the induced pairing gap. A non-trivial consequence of retaining the 2D bulk in the model is that this boundary FFLO state supports a finite magnetization as well as finite current (flowing along the edge). This has implications for a proper treatment of the ultra-violet cutoff in analyses employing the effective one-dimensional (1D) helical edge model. Our results may be contrasted with previous studies of such 1D models, which found that the FFLO phase either does not appear for any value of the boost (in non-self-consistent calculations), or that it self-consistently appears even for infinitesimal boost, but carries no current and magnetization.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
Appropriate Causal Models and the Stability of Causation
Creators: name: Halpern, Joseph Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Causal models defined in terms of structural equations have proved to be quite a powerful way of representing knowledge regarding causality. However, a number of authors have given examples that seem to show that the Halpern-Pearl (HP) definition of causality gives intuitively unreasonable answers. Here it is shown that, for each of these examples, we can give two stories consistent with the description in the example, such that intuitions regarding causality are quite different for each story. By adding additional variables, we can disambiguate the stories. Moreover, in the resulting causal models, the HP definition of causality gives the intuitively correct answer. It is also shown that, by adding extra variables, a modification to the original HP definition made to deal with an example of Hopkins and Pearl may not be necessary. Given how much can be done by adding extra variables, there might be a concern that the notion of causality is somewhat unstable. Can adding extra variables in a "conservative" way (i.e., maintaining all the relations between the variables in the original model) cause the answer to the question "Is X=x a cause of Y=y" to alternate between "yes" and "no"? It is shown that we can have such alternation infinitely often, but if we take normality into consideration, we cannot. Indeed, under appropriate normality assumptions. adding an extra variable can change the answer from "yes" to "no", but after that, it cannot cannot change back to "yes".
description: A preliminary version of this paper appears in the Proceedings of the Fourteenth International Conference on Principles of Knowledge Representation and Reasoning (KR 2014)}, 2014. To appear, Review of Symbolic Logic
Effect of static stretching followed by contrast water therapy recovery on lactate-dehydrogenase concentration after simulated high intensity exercise in youth soccer players
Creators: name: Hedroug, Nadir
name: Mezroua, Said
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: static stretching - Contrast water therapy - lactate dehydrogenase - muscle damage- soccer.

description: The study aimed to know the effect of static stretching followed by contrast water therapy on Lactate-dehydrogenase LDH after simulated high intensity exercise in youth soccer players, the study included 20 players of ESS team U19 category from first professional Algerian championship, the players were randomly divided on two groups 10 players per group (experimental and control ), the experimental group execute static stretching SS followed by contrast water therapy CWT , whether the control group had no activity, the players simulated yoyo test L1 the blood sample was taken, before, after 1h and after 48h to know the concentration of (LDH) in the blood and the rate of recovery. The results of this study showed that static stretching followed by contrast water immersion recovery beneficial to improve the rate of recovery by decreasing LDH concentration and reducing muscle damage after simulated high intensity exercise in youth soccerplayers
Brief Report: Impact of Early Antiretroviral Therapy on the Performance of HIV Rapid Tests and HIV Incidence Assays
Creators: name: Chen, Y.Q.
name: Schlusser, K.
name: Walsky, T.
name: Soko, D.
name: Wilson, E.A.
name: Eshleman, S.H.
name: Kumwenda, J.
name: Debevec, B.
name: McCauley, M.
name: Fogel, J.M.
name: Gamble, T.
name: Hosseinipour, M.C.
name: Laeyendecker, O.
name: Piwowar-Manning, E.
name: Tegha, G.
name: Cohen, M.S.
Publisher: name: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins
Year: 2017

description: Background: Antiretroviral therapy (ART) can downregulate antibody responses to HIV infection. We evaluated the impact of early vs. delayed ART on the performance of HIV diagnostic and incidence assays. Methods: Samples were obtained from 207 participants in the HPTN 052 trial, who were stably suppressed on ART for ≥4 years [Malawi sites; pre-ART CD4 cell count 350-550 cells/mm3 (early ART arm, N = 180) or <250 cells/mm3 or an AIDS-defining illness (delayed ART arm, N = 27)]. Samples were tested with 2 HIV rapid tests and 2 HIV incidence assays; selected samples were also tested with two fourth-generation immunoassays and a Western blot (WB) assay. A pre-ART sample was analyzed if the follow-up sample had a false-negative or weakly-reactive rapid test result, or had an incidence assay result indicative of recent infection (false-recent result). Results: Ten (4.8%) samples had a nonreactive or weakly-reactive rapid test result (7/180 early ART arm, 3/27 delayed ART arm, P = 0.13); one sample had nonreactive fourth-generation assay results and 3 had indeterminate WBs. Forty (18.9%) samples had a false-recent incidence assay result; 16 (7.8%) had false-recent results with both incidence assays. Baseline samples had stronger rapid test and WB bands, higher fourth-generation assay signal-to-cutoff values, and fewer HIV incidence assay results indicative of recent infection. Conclusions: False-negative/weakly-reactive HIV rapid tests and false-recent HIV incidence assay results were observed in virally-suppressed individuals, regardless of pre-ART CD4 cell count. Downregulation of the antibody response to HIV infection in the setting of ART may impact population-level surveys of HIV prevalence and incidence.
Comparison of Hepatitis B Virus Infection in HIV-Infected and HIV-Uninfected Participants Enrolled in a Multinational Clinical Trial: HPTN 052
Creators: name: Wilson, E.
name: Ou, S.-S.
name: Panchia, R.
name: Badal-Faesen, S.
name: Nyirenda, M.
name: Pilotto, J.H.
name: Thio, C.L.
name: Chen, Y.Q.
name: Valsamakis, A.
name: Kosashunhanan, N.
name: Forman, M.S.
name: Piwowar-Manning, E.
name: Gamble, T.
name: McCauley, M.
name: Makhema, J.
name: De Melo, M.G.
name: Ruangyuttikarn, C.
name: Cohen, M.S.
name: Eshleman, S.H.
name: Greer, A.E.
name: Kumarasamy, N.
name: Hosseinipour, M.C.
name: Grinsztejn, B.
name: Akelo, V.
Publisher: name: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins
Year: 2017

description: Objective: Data comparing hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in HIV-infected [HIV(+)], and HIV-uninfected [HIV(2)] individuals recruited into the same study are limited. HBV infection status and chronic hepatitis B (cHB) were characterized in a multinational clinical trial: HIV Prevention Trials Network (HPTN 052). Method: HBV infection status at enrollment was compared between HIV(+) (N = 1241) and HIV(-) (N = 1232) from 7 HBV-endemic countries. Hepatitis B e antigen and plasma HBV DNA were determined in cHB. Median CD4, median plasma HIV RNA, and prevalence of transaminase elevation were compared in HIV(+) with and without cHB. Significance was assessed with x2 Fisher exact and median tests. Results: Among all participants, 33.6% had HBV exposure without cHB (8.9% isolated HBV core antibody, "HBcAb"; 24.7% HBcAb and anti-HB surface antibody positive, "recovered"), 4.3% had cHB, 8.9% were vaccinated, and 53.5% were uninfected. Data were similar among HIV(+) and HIV(2) except for isolated HBcAb, which was more prevalent in HIV(+) than HIV(2) [10.1% vs. 7.7%, P = 0.046]. Median HBV DNA trended higher in HIV(+) than in HIV(2). In HIV (+) with cHB versus those without cHB, transaminase elevations were more prevalent (alanine aminotransferase # grade 2, 12% vs. 5.2%, P = 0.037; aspartate aminotransferase # grade 2, 26% vs. 6.0%, P, 0.001), CD4 trended lower, and HIV RNA was similar. Conclusions: HBV infection status did not differ by HIV infection status. HIV co-infection was associated with isolated HBcAb and a trend of increased HBV DNA. In HIV, cHB was associated with mild transaminase elevations and a trend toward lower CD4.
Higher Spin Klein Surfaces
Creators: name: Natanzon, Sergey
name: Pratoussevitch, Anna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 30F50, 14H60, 30F35, Secondary 30F60

description: We find all m-spin structures on Klein surfaces of genus larger than one. An m-spin structure on a Riemann surface P is a complex line bundle on P whose m-th tensor power is the cotangent bundle of P. A Klein surface can be described by a pair (P,tau), where P is a Riemann surface and tau is an anti-holomorphic involution on P. An m-spin structure on a Klein surface (P,tau) is an m-spin structure on the Riemann surface P which is preserved under the action of the anti-holomorphic involution tau. We determine the conditions for the existence and give a complete description of all real m-spin structures on a Klein surface. In particular, we compute the number of m-spin structures on a Klein surface (P,tau) in terms of its natural topological invariants.
description: v3: minor corrections; v2: 29 pages, 4 figures; typos corrected, Theorems 4.3 and 4.4 rephrased
title: Цифровые двойники в области автомобильного транспорта
Creators: name: ELS IPR BOOKS
Publisher: name: Саратовский государственный технический университет имени Ю.А. Гагарина, ЭБС АСВ
Year: 2023

description: В пособии представлены материалы по использованию технологии цифровых двойников на автомобильном транспорте на всех этапах жизненного цикла транспортных средств: при их проектировании, производстве, продаже, обслуживании, ремонте и утилизации; а также при построении современной транспортной инфраструктуры, организации транспортного процесса с учетом современных технологий и тенденций развития. Для студентов, обучающихся по направлениям 23.03.01 (бакалавриат) и 23.04.01 (магистратура) «Технология транспортных процессов»; 23.03.03 (бакалавриат), 23.04.03 (магистратура) «Эксплуатация транспортно-технологических машин и комплексов» (применительно к профилям автосервисного направления), 43.03.01 (бакалавриат), 43.04.01 (магистратура) «Сервис», 23.05.01 (специалитет) «Наземные транспортно-технологические средства», а также специалистов в области управления транспортно-логистическими системами, технологиями транспортных процессов, технической эксплуатацией транспортных средств.
Topologically-constrained fluctuations and thermodynamics regulate nonequilibrium response
Creators: name: Martins, Gabriela Fernandes
name: Horowitz, Jordan M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Limits on a system's response to external perturbations inform our understanding of how physical properties can be shaped by microscopic characteristics. Here, we derive constraints on the steady-state nonequilibrium response of physical observables in terms of the topology of the microscopic state space and the strength of thermodynamic driving. Notably, evaluation of these limits requires no kinetic information beyond the state-space structure. When applied to models of receptor binding, we find that sensitivity is bounded by the steepness of a Hill function with a Hill coefficient enhanced by the chemical driving beyond the structural equilibrium limit.
description: 25 pages, 13 figures
SnowApp-ilmastopalvelu lumetuksen ennakoinnin tukena hiihtokeskuksille ja muille talvimatkailutoimijoille 2.10.2020
Creators: name: Mettiäinen, Ilona
name: Coath, Martin
name: Toivonen, Jusu
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: ilmastopalvelu
talvimatkailu
kestävä matkailu
ilmastonmuutokseen sopeutuminen
climate service
winter tourism
sustainable tourism
climate change adaptation
forecast
ennuste

description: "SnowApp-ilmastopalvelu lumetuksen ennakoinnin tukena hiihtokeskuksille ja muille talvimatkailutoimijoille" webinar 2.10.2020 was organized by Blue-Action: Arctic Impact on Weather and Climate (EU Horizon2020) project's winter tourism case study (WP5 CS1). This file contains the program of the webinar and presentations by Ilona Mettiäinen and Martin Coath (AC UoL). The webinar was Blue-Action project's D5.6 Regional Dissemination Seminar. "SnowApp-ilmastopalvelu lumetuksen ennakoinnin tukena hiihtokeskuksille ja muille talvimatkailutoimijoille" -webinaarin (2.10.2020) järjesti Blue-Action: Arctic Impact on Weather and Climate (EU Horizon2020) -hankkeen talvimatkailuaiheinen tapaustutkimus (WP5 CS1). Tiedosto sisältää webinaarin ohjelman sekä Ilona Mettiäisen ja Martin Coathin (AC UoL) esitykset. Webinaari on Blue-Action-hankkeen D5.6 Regional Dissemination Seminar.
Broadly neutralizing antibodies to prevent HIV-1
Creators: name: Corey, L.
name: Cohen, M.S.
Publisher: name: American Association for the Advancement of Science
Year: 2017

description: Advances in technology—especially single-cell antibody cloning techniques — have led to the isolation and characterization of antibodies from people with HIV infection that can neutralize many variants. These are referred to as broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs). Such antibodies can be detected in about 25% of persons with untreated HIV-1 infection, reflecting a host immune response to unremitting viral replication, generation of large numbers of viral variants, and shifting antigen exposure. Although bnAbs may exert some selective pressure as they develop, they generally do not reduce viral burden, improve health, or slow the progression of disease. However, they offer considerable opportunities for treatment and prevention of HIV-1 infection in others. At this time, hundreds of bnAbs have been identified; those that have attracted the most attention are bnAbs with the greatest breadth, neutralizing the largest number of HIV-1 strains, including those traditionally most neutralization resistant; or bnAbs that have the greatest potency, requiring the smallest concentration to neutralize resistant strains of HIV-1. A study by Xu et al. on page 85 of this issue and by Julg et al. in Science Translational Medicine illustrate advances in the potential use of bnAbs to prevent HIV-1 infection.
title: Этическое и правовое регулирование рекламы
Creators: name: ELS IPR BOOKS
Publisher: name: Саратовский государственный технический университет имени Ю.А. Гагарина, ЭБС АСВ
Year: 2023

description: Учебно-методическое пособие направлено на формирование у бакалавров, обучающихся по направлению «Реклама и связи с общественностью», регулятивного компонента профессионального сознания будущих специалистов по рекламе. Подробно рассмотрены основные этические правила и основные положения российского законодательства, регулирующего рекламную деятельность. Учебно-методическое пособие предназначено для бакалавров направления 42.03.01 «Реклама и связи с общественностью» и других смежных коммуникативных направлений (философов, социологов, журналистов, психологов и др.).
Directional planar antennae in polariton condensates
Creators: name: Aristov, Denis
name: Baryshev, Stepan
name: Töpfer, Julian D.
name: Sigurðsson, Helgi
name: Lagoudakis, Pavlos G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the realization of all-optical planar microlensing for exciton-polariton condensates in semiconductor microcavities. We utilize spatial light modulators to structure a nonresonant pumping beam into a planoconcave lens-shape focused onto the microcavity plane. When pumped above condensation threshold, the system effectively becomes a directional polariton antenna, generating an intense focused beam of coherent polaritons away from the pump region. The effects of pump intensity, which regulates the interplay between gain and blueshift of polaritons, as well as the geometry of lens-shaped pump are studied and a strategy to optimize the focusing of the condensate is proposed. Our work underpins the feasibility to guide nonlinear light in microcavities using nonresonant excitation schemes, offering perspectives on optically reprogrammable on-chip polariton circuitry.
Immune perturbations in HIV-1–infected individuals who make broadly neutralizing antibodies
Creators: name: Soderberg, K.A.
name: Borrow, P.
name: Montefiori, D.C.
name: Lloyd, K.E.
name: Gao, F.
name: Vandergrift, N.A.
name: Parks, R.
name: Shea, P.R.
name: Chui, C.
name: Connors, M.
name: McMichael, A.J.
name: Haynes, B.F.
name: Cohen, M.S.
name: Verkoczy, L.
name: Moody, M.A.
name: Huang, J.
name: Ogbe, A.T.
name: Pedroza-Pacheco, I.
name: Liao, H.-X.
name: Kelsoe, G.
Publisher: name: American Association for the Advancement of Science
Year: 2016

description: Induction of broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) is a goal of HIV-1 vaccine development. bnAbs occur in some HIV-1–infected individuals and frequently have characteristics of autoantibodies. We have studied cohorts of HIV-1–infected individuals who made bnAbs and compared them with those who did not do so, and determined immune traits associated with the ability to produce bnAbs. HIV-1–infected individuals with bnAbs had a higher frequency of blood autoantibodies, a lower frequency of regulatory CD4+ T cells, a higher frequency of circulating memory T follicular helper CD4+ cells, and a higher T regulatory cell level of programmed cell death–1 expression compared with HIV-1–infected individuals without bnAbs. Thus, induction of HIV-1 bnAbs may require vaccination regimens that transiently mimic immunologic perturbations in HIV-1–infected individuals.
Let's treat everyone with HIV now: what happens next?
Creators: name: Powers, K.A.
name: Cohen, M.S.
Publisher: name: Elsevier Ltd
Year: 2016

description: The effectiveness of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in the treatment and prevention of HIV infection has been firmly established and is no longer subject to debate. The earliest possible ART preserves immune function, prevents infection and neoplasms, and prevents the sexual transmission of HIV. Almost all HIV treatment guidelines now recommend ART initiation at the time of diagnosis, and UNAIDS and the 2015 US National HIV/AIDS Strategy (NHAS) have described plans to detect and treat 85–90% of people with HIV infection, regardless of disease stage.
Using nearly full-genome HIV sequence data improves phylogeny reconstruction in a simulated epidemic
Creators: name: Ratmann, O.
name: Kaleebu, P.
name: Quinn, T.
name: Ssemwanga, D.
name: Kellam, P.
name: Leigh Brown, A.J.
name: Herbeck, J.
name: Morris, S.
name: Clark, D.
name: Frampton, D.
name: Nastouli, E.
name: Hayes, R.
name: Pillay, D.
name: Yebra, G.
name: PANGEA-HIV Consortium
name: Kityo, C.
name: Ragonnet-Cronin, M.L.
name: Wawer, M.
name: ICONIC Project
name: De Oliveira, T.
name: Keshani, J.
name: Novitsky, V.
name: Haywards, A.
name: Hodcroft, E.B.
name: Hoppe, A.
name: Kozlakidis, Z.
name: Essex, M.
name: Cohen, M.S.
name: Fraser, C.
name: Fidler, S.
name: Dennis, A.
name: Tanser, F.
name: Paton, N.
name: Lingappa, J.
Publisher: name: Nature Publishing Group
Year: 2016

description: HIV molecular epidemiology studies analyse viral pol gene sequences due to their availability, but whole genome sequencing allows to use other genes. We aimed to determine what gene(s) provide(s) the best approximation to the real phylogeny by analysing a simulated epidemic (created as part of the PANGEA-HIV project) with a known transmission tree. We sub-sampled a simulated dataset of 4662 sequences into different combinations of genes (gag-pol-env, gag-pol, gag, pol, env and partial pol) and sampling depths (100%, 60%, 20% and 5%), generating 100 replicates for each case. We built maximum-likelihood trees for each combination using RAxML (GTR + Γ), and compared their topologies to the corresponding true tree's using CompareTree. The accuracy of the trees was significantly proportional to the length of the sequences used, with the gag-pol-env datasets showing the best performance and gag and partial pol sequences showing the worst. The lowest sampling depths (20% and 5%) greatly reduced the accuracy of tree reconstruction and showed high variability among replicates, especially when using the shortest gene datasets. In conclusion, using longer sequences derived from nearly whole genomes will improve the reliability of phylogenetic reconstruction. With low sample coverage, results can be highly variable, particularly when based on short sequences.
Antiretroviral Therapy to Prevent HIV Acquisition: Limits of Estimation From a Population Cohort
Creators: name: Chen, Y.
name: Cohen, M.
name: Eshleman, S.
name: Mccauley, M.
Publisher: name: Oxford University Press
Year: 2016

description: TO THE EDITOR — We and others have studied human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) – discordant couples to assess the ability of antiretroviral treatment (ART) to prevent sexual transmission of HIV. In these studies, HIV transmission was not observed when viral replication was suppressed.
PANGEA-HIV: phylogenetics for generalised epidemics in Africa
Creators: name: Oliveira, T.D.
name: Brown, A.L.
name: Pillay, D.
name: Kellam, P.
name: Fraser, C.
name: Herbeck, J.
name: Cohen, M.S.
name: Ratmann, O.
Publisher: name: Lancet Publishing Group
Year: 2015

description: There have been notable increases in coverage of antiretroviral treatment (ART) in Africa in the last decade. More HIV-infected individuals are receiving treatment, and life-expectancy of infected individuals has increased.1 However, the HIV epidemic continues and overall prevalence of HIV will increase.2 HIV burden remains highest in sub-Saharan Africa: with 75% of all HIV infections and adult prevalence at 5%.3 The use of ART to reduce individual viral loads and viral transmission rates has emerged as a promising approach to further slow the epidemic.4 Yet, it is unclear how to implement treatment as prevention (in combination with pre-exposure prophylaxis or behavioral change interventions) in the most effective and efficient ways. One possibility is to target individuals most at risk of transmitting HIV, thus decreasing resources needed and potentially increasing impact.
title: Influencer-Marketing: Stellenwert und Best-Practice-Ansätze von Micro-Influencern für Fair-Fashion auf Instagram
Creators: name: Koch, Jessica
Publisher: name: Hochschule Schmalkalden
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Social Media
subject: Influencer
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Instagram
subject: 300
subject: 330
subject: 070

description: Als Herangehensweise für die Ausarbeitung wurde für den theoretischen Teil eine Literaturanalyse gewählt, um den aktuellen Stand der Thematik darzustellen. Im weiteren Verlauf der Arbeit werden mehrere Best-Practice-Ansätze anhand von zuvor festgelegten Kriterien analysiert. Aus dieser Analyse können verschiedene Arten der Umsetzung für ein erfolgreiches Micro-Influencer-Marketing abgeleitet werden. Das Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es, einen theoretischen Überblick über das Influencer-Marketing zu geben und den Typ Micro-Influencer dabei genauer abzugrenzen und einzuordnen. Es soll der Trend hin zu Micro-Influencern betrachtet werden und die Aktionspotentiale von Micro-Influencern aufgezeigt werden. Des Weiteren soll die Arbeit Erfolgsfaktoren für das Influencer-Marketing festlegen und darstellen. Die praktische Relevanz dieser Erfolgsfaktoren wird in Rahmen einer Analyse von Best-Practice-Ansätzen aufgezeigt. Die Analyse der Best-Practice-Ansätze soll zusätzlich darstellen, wie Kooperationen mit Micro-Influencern in der Fair-Fashion-Branche umgesetzt werden können und worauf dabei im Detail zu achten ist.
Social configurations in the moment of post-foundationalism
Creators: name: Jong, Abbas
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: social configuration
subject: post-foundationalism
subject: contingency
subject: Norbert Elias
subject: historical constellation
subject: orders of category
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften

description: Modern social sciences arose during a period of classical modernity in which discovering universal rules between distinct phenomena was the most prominent criterion of scientific knowledge. Social phenomena were considered in the form of isolated, determined, standardized, and regulated objects whose knowledge, like that of the natural sciences, depended on the understanding of universal laws. The accidental and the contingent were eliminated in favor of universal laws. With the intensifying of modernity and the transition to late and liquid modernity, and by suspending many dominant cognitive categories, this kind of essentialist foundationalism was attacked by a variety of anti/non-foundationalist criticism that subscribed to either plural grounds or groundlessness, a bottomless ground in which scientific knowledge at a high level lost its significance. This predicament has given rise to several biases and antinomies in modern social theory. By addressing some of these predicaments and antinomies, including foundationalism/non(anti-)foundationalism, agency/structure, the individual/society, essentialism/relativism, and universalism/singularism, the present article strives to propose the idea of social configurations as a solution to overcome them, and through this endeavor, it is indicated that considering these configurations can effectively explain emerging and interrelated global phenomena. By prioritizing the conditions of possibility for social phenomena, and taking into account their contingency, as well as the incompleteness and partiality of their foundations, social configurations are considered as units at the level of the particular whose relationality, indeterminacy, interdependence, and fluidity constitute their central features.
title: Psychosoziale Beratung als multikomplexe Beziehungsarbeit: eine Personzentriert-integrative Konzeptentwicklung für die psychosoziale Beratungspraxis
Creators: name: Wild, Hartmut
Publisher: name: Thüringer Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Jena
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Inkongruenz
subject: Psychosoziale Beratung
subject: Aktualisierungstendenz
subject: Selbstaktualisierung
subject: Beziehungsarbeit
subject: 150

description: Das vorliegende Traktat setzt sich intensiv mit dem Personzentrierten Ansatz auseinander und besteht im Prinzip aus zwei Teilen. Der erste Teil rekonstruiert die Persönlichkeitstheorie des Personzentrierten Ansatzes und integriert darin fünf weitere Theorieelemente: systemtheoretische Grundannahmen, konstruktivistische Grundannahmen, Bindungstheorie, Säulen der Identität und Attribuierung sowie schematherapeutische Elemente. Im Resümee entsteht ein theorieintegriertes Gesamtkonzept. Der zweite Teil bezieht sich hingegen auf die explizite Aufarbeitung des Personzentrierten Beziehungsangebots sowohl im Hinblick auf die dazugehörigen Begrifflichkeiten als auch im Nexus der Heterogenität praktischer Vorgehensweisen. Daraus wird ein Gesamtkonzept konstruiert, das die Personzentrierte Beziehungsarbeit als multikomplexes Geschehen in Verbindung mit einer aufgeschlüsselten methodisch-technischen Anwendung deklariert. Das Konzept wird abschließend in den Konnex psychosozialer Beratung implementiert.
Pre-exposure prophylaxis for HIV prevention: how to predict success
Creators: name: Kashuba, A.D.M.
name: Patterson, K.B.
name: Cohen, M.S.
name: Dumond, J.B.
Publisher: name: Elsevier B.V.
Year: 2012

description: Use of antiretroviral drugs to prevent sexual transmission of HIV-1 has been a critical priority since their development. In the past 2 years results from seven important prevention trials have been reported (table). One of the trials, HPTN 052, showed nearly complete prevention of HIV transmission when viraemia was suppressed. The other studies focused on antiretroviral agents for pre-exposure prophylaxis: two used 1% tenofovir gel (CAPRISA 004 and VOICE), four used oral tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) and emtricitabine (FTC) in combination (iPrEX, TDF2, Partners in Prevention [PIP], and Fem-PrEP), and two used oral TDF alone (VOICE and PIP). Somewhat confusingly, the findings of these studies have led to reports both of successful prevention of HIV infection (CAPRISA 004, iPrEx, TDF2, and PIP) and of futility (VOICE and Fem-PrEP).
Flipped GUT Inflation
Creators: name: Ellis, John
name: Gonzalo, Tomas E.
name: Harz, Julia
name: Huang, Wei-Chih
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyse the prospects for constructing hybrid models of inflation that provide a dynamical realisation of the apparent closeness between the supersymmetric GUT scale and the possible scale of cosmological inflation. In the first place, we consider models based on the flipped SU(5)$\times$U(1) gauge group, which has no magnetic monopoles. In one model, the inflaton is identified with a sneutrino field, and in the other model it is a gauge singlet. In both cases we find regions of the model parameter spaces that are compatible with the experimental magnitudes of the scalar perturbations, $A_s$, and the tilt in the scalar perturbation spectrum, $n_s$, as well as with an indicative upper limit on the tensor-to-scalar perturbation ratio, $r$. We also discuss embeddings of these models into SO(10), which is broken at a higher scale so that its monopoles are inflated away.
description: 21 pages, 4 figures
Differences in HIV-Specific T Cell Responses between HIV-Exposed and -Unexposed HIV-Seronegative Individuals
Creators: name: Moodie, Z.
name: McMichael, A.J.
name: Haynes, B.F.
name: Kuldanek, K.
name: Ritchie, A.J.
name: Fidler, S.
name: Legg, K.
name: Liu, M.K.P.
name: Brackenridge, S.
name: Kopycinski, J.
name: Delwart, E.L.
name: Moore, S.
name: Pandya, K.
name: Campion, S.L.
name: Wang, Z.M.
name: Cohen, M.S.
name: Goonetilleke, N.
Publisher: name: American Society for Microbiology
Year: 2011

description: HIV-1-specific T lymphocyte responses in individuals exposed to HIV-1 but who remain persistently sero-negative (HESNs) have been reported in some but not all previous studies. This study was designed to resolve unequivocally the question of whether HESNs make HIV-1-specific T cell responses. We performed a blind investigation to measure HIV-1-specific T cell responses in both HIV-1-serodiscordant couples and HIV-1-unexposed seronegative controls (HUSNs). We found low-frequency HIV-1-specific T cells in both HESNs and HUSNs but show that the response rates were higher over time in the former (P = 0.01). Furthermore, the magnitudes of the HIV-1-specific T cell responses were significantly higher among responding HESNs than among HUSNs over time (P = 0.002). In both groups, responses were mediated by CD4 T cells. The responses were mapped to single peptides, which often corresponded to epitopes restricted by multiple HLA-DR types that have previously been detected in HIV-1-infected patients. HIV-1-specific T cell responses in HUSNs and some HESNs likely represent cross-reactivity to self or foreign non-HIV-1 antigens. The significantly greater T cell responses in HESNs, including in two who were homozygous for CCR5Δ32, demonstrates that HIV-1-specific T cell responses can be induced or augmented by exposure to HIV-1 without infection.