cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
THE MYSTERY OF MONOGAMY
Creators: name: Gould, Eric D.
name: Moav, Omer
name: Simhon, Avi
name: Gould, Eric D.
name: Moav, Omer
name: Simhon, Avi
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Marriage
subject: Monogamy
subject: Polygyny
subject: Human Capital
subject: Inequality
subject: J12
subject: J24
subject: O10
subject: O40

description: This paper examines why developed countries are monogamous while rich men throughout history have tended to practice polygyny (multiple wives). Wealth inequality naturally produces multiple wives for rich men in a standard model of the marriage market. This paper argues that the sources of inequality, not just the level of inequality, determine the equilibrium degree of monogamy or polygamy. In particular, when inequality is determined more by disparities in human capital versus non-labor income (such as land, capital, corruption), the outcome is more monogamous. This explains why developed countries, where human capital is the main source of income and inequality, are monogamous while less-developed economies tend to be polygynous. The results are driven by the larger inequality in the value of women in the marriage market in modern economies. When the value of human capital increases, rich men increasingly value quality women who can help them raise quality children more efficiently. As a result, high quality women are valued much more than low quality women, which makes polygyny less affordable for rich men. In this manner, we show that male inequality generates polygyny, but female inequality reduces it. Using data from Cote d'Ivoire, we provide evidence for all the main implications of the model. In particular, we control for a man's total income and show that polygyny increases with non-labor income but decreases with labor income and education. These patterns are strong even within social groups where norms regarding polygyny are likely to be constant.
On (Co)Homology of Triangular Banach Algebras
Creators: name: Moslehian, Mohammad Sal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 46H25, Secondary 46M18, 16E40

description: Suppose that A and B are unital Banach algebras with units 1_A and 1_B, respectively, M is a unital Banach A-B-bimodule, T=Tri(A,M,B) is the triangular Banach algebra, X is a unital T-bimodule, X_{AA}=1_AX1_A, X_{BB}=1_BX1_B, X_{AB}=1_AX1_B and X_{BA}=1_BX1_A. Applying two nice long exact sequences related to A, B, T, X, X_{AA}, X_{BB}, X_{AB} and X_{BA} we establish some results on (co)homology of triangular Banach algebras.
description: 10 pages
Fractional S^z excitation and its bound state for the S=1/2 antiferromagnetic zigzag spin chain in a magnetic field
Creators: name: Okunishi, Kouichi
name: Tonegawa, Takashi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate that domain-wall type excitations carrying the fractional magnetization $S^z=\pm1/3$ and their bound state describe the low-energy physics around the 1/3 plateau of the antiferromagnetic zigzag spin chain in the strongly frustrated region. In particular we discuss the relevance of such domain-wall excitations to the characteristic properties of the magnetization curves: the 1/3 plateau accompanying the spontaneous symmetry breaking of the translation, the cusp singularities above and/or below the plateau, and the even-odd effect in the magnetization curve.
description: 6 pages, proceedings of SPQS2004, to appear in J.Phys.Soc.Jpn
Reconciliation of Statistical Mechanics and Astro-Physical Statistics. The errors of conventional canonical thermostatistics
Creators: name: Gross, D. H. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Conventional thermo-statistics address infinite homogeneous systems within the canonical ensemble. (Only in this case this is equivalent to the fundamental microcanonical ensemble.) However, some 170 years ago the original motivation of thermodynamics was the description of steam engines, i.e. boiling water. Its essential physics is the separation of the gas phase from the liquid. Of course, boiling water is inhomogeneous and as such cannot be treated by conventional thermo-statistics. Then it is not astonishing, that a phase transition of first order is signaled canonically by a Yang-Lee singularity. Thus it is only treated correctly by microcanonical Boltzmann-Planck statistics. It turns out that the Boltzmann-Planck statistics is much richer and gives fundamental insight into statistical mechanics and especially into entropy. This can be done to a far extend rigorously and analytically. As no extensivity, no thermodynamic limit, no concavity, no homogeneity is needed, it also applies to astro-physical systems. The deep and essential difference between ``extensive'' and ``intensive'' control parameters, i.e. microcanonical and canonical statistics, is exemplified by rotating, self-gravitating systems. In the present paper the necessary appearance of a convex entropy S(E) and negative heat capacity at phase separation in small as well macroscopic systems independently of the range of the force is pointed out. Thus the old puzzle of stellar statistics is finally solved, the appearance of negative heat capacity which is forbidden and cannot appear in the canonical formalism.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures in color, invited talk at the NBS2005 meeting at the Observatoire de Paris 24-25 October 2005
Tunable terahertz oscillations in superlattices subject to an in-plane magnetic field
Creators: name: Orlita, M.
name: Grill, R.
name: Smrcka, L.
name: Zvara, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a concept of terahertz oscillations in superlattices that are generated under conditions apparently different from standard Bloch oscillations. These oscillations are induced when crossed magnetic and electric fields are applied to the superlattice, both in the in-plane direction. The frequency of these oscillations is tunable by the applied fields.
description: Accepted by Phys. Rev. B
Ferromagnetic MnSn monolayer epitaxially grown on silicon substrate
Creators: name: Yuan, Qian-Qian
name: Guo, Zhaopeng
name: Shi, Zhi-Qiang
name: Zhao, Hui
name: Jia, Zhen-Yu
name: Wang, Qianjin
name: Sun, Jian
name: Wu, Di
name: Li, Shao-Chun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two-dimensional (2D) ferromagnetic materials have been exhibiting promising potential in applications, such as spintronics devices. To grow epitaxial magnetic films on silicon substrate, in the single-layer limit, is practically important but challenging. In this study, we realized the epitaxial growth of MnSn monolayer on Si(111) substrate, with an atomically thin Sn/Si(111)-$2\sqrt{3}\times2\sqrt{3}$- buffer layer, and controlled the MnSn thickness with atomic-layer precision. We discovered the ferromagnetism in MnSn monolayer with the Curie temperature (Tc) of ~54 K. As the MnSn film is grown to 4 monolayers, Tc increases accordingly to ~235 K. The lattice of the epitaxial MnSn monolayer as well as the Sn/Si(111)-$2\sqrt{3}\times2\sqrt{3}$ is perfectly compatible with silicon, and thus an sharp interface is formed between MnSn, Sn and Si. This system provides a new platform for exploring the 2D ferromagnetism, integrating magnetic monolayers into silicon-based technology, and engineering the spintronics heterostructures.
description: 12 pages, 3 figures, to appear in Chin. Phys. Lett. (Express Letters)
Sparse Randomized Shortest Paths Routing with Tsallis Divergence Regularization
Creators: name: Leleux, Pierre
name: Courtain, Sylvain
name: Guex, Guillaume
name: Saerens, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This work elaborates on the important problem of (1) designing optimal randomized routing policies for reaching a target node t from a source note s on a weighted directed graph G and (2) defining distance measures between nodes interpolating between the least cost (based on optimal movements) and the commute-cost (based on a random walk on G), depending on a temperature parameter T. To this end, the randomized shortest path formalism (RSP, [2,99,124]) is rephrased in terms of Tsallis divergence regularization, instead of Kullback-Leibler divergence. The main consequence of this change is that the resulting routing policy (local transition probabilities) becomes sparser when T decreases, therefore inducing a sparse random walk on G converging to the least-cost directed acyclic graph when T tends to 0. Experimental comparisons on node clustering and semi-supervised classification tasks show that the derived dissimilarity measures based on expected routing costs provide state-of-the-art results. The sparse RSP is therefore a promising model of movements on a graph, balancing sparse exploitation and exploration in an optimal way.
Is there a phase constraint for solar dynamo models?
Creators: name: Schuessler, Manfred
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spatio-temporal relationship between the sign of the observed radial component of the magnetic field at the solar surface and the sign of the toroidal field as inferred from Hale's polarity rules for sunspots is usually interpreted as signifying the phase relation between the poloidal and the toroidal magnetic field components involved in the solar dynamo process. This has been taken as a constraint for models of the solar dynamo. This note draws attention to the fact that the observed phase relation is naturally and inevitably produced by the emergence of tilted bipolar regions and flux transport through surface flows, without any necessity of recourse to the dynamo process. Consequently, there is no constraint on dynamo models resulting from the observed phase relation.
description: 2 pages, 1 figure
Probabilistic Forecasting of Patient Waiting Times in an Emergency Department
Creators: name: Arora, Siddharth
name: Taylor, James W.
name: Mak, Ho-Yin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We study the estimation of the probability distribution of individual patient waiting times in an emergency department (ED). Our feature-rich modelling allows for dynamic updating and refinement of waiting time estimates as patient- and ED-specific information (e.g., patient condition, ED congestion levels) is revealed during the waiting process. Aspects relating to communicating forecast uncertainty to patients, and implementing this methodology in practice, are also discussed.
Solitonic Excitations in Linearly Coherent Channels of Bilayer Quantum Hall Stripes
Creators: name: Doiron, C. B.
name: Côté, R.
name: Fertig, H. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In some range of interlayer distances, the ground state of the two-dimensional electron gas at filling factor nu =4N+1 with N=0,1,2,... is a coherent stripe phase in the Hartree-Fock approximation. This phase has one-dimensional coherent channels that support charged excitations in the form of pseudospin solitons. In this work, we compute the transport gap of the coherent striped phase due to the creation of soliton-antisoliton pairs using a supercell microscopic unrestricted Hartree-Fock approach. We study this gap as a function of interlayer distance and tunneling amplitude. Our calculations confirm that the soliton-antisoliton excitation energy is lower than the corresponding Hartree-Fock electron-hole pair energy. We compare our results with estimates of the transport gap obtained from a field-theoretic model valid in the limit of slowly varying pseudospin textures.
description: 15 pages, 8 figures
Exact energy spectrum for models with equally spaced point potentials
Creators: name: Caudrelier, V.
name: Crampe, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe a non-perturbative method for computing the energy band structures of one-dimensional models with general point potentials sitting at equally spaced sites. This is done thanks to a Bethe ansatz approach and the method is applicable even when periodicity is broken, that is when Bloch's theorem is not valid any more. We derive the general equation governing the energy spectrum and illustrate its use in various situations. In particular, we get exact results for boundary effects. We also study non-perturbatively the effects of impurities in such systems. Finally, we discuss the possibility of including interactions between the particles of these systems.
description: 18 pages, 8 figures
Estimating time-dependent entropy production from non-equilibrium trajectories
Creators: name: Otsubo, Shun
name: Manikandan, Sreekanth K
name: Sagawa, Takahiro
name: Krishnamurthy, Supriya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The rate of entropy production provides a useful quantitative measure of a non-equilibrium system and estimating it directly from time-series data from experiments is highly desirable. Several approaches have been considered for stationary dynamics, some of which are based on a variational characterization of the entropy production rate. However, the issue of obtaining it in the case of non-stationary dynamics remains largely unexplored. Here, we solve this open problem by demonstrating that the variational approaches can be generalized to give the exact value of the entropy production rate even for non-stationary dynamics. On the basis of this result, we develop an efficient algorithm that estimates the entropy production rate continuously in time by using machine learning techniques, and validate our numerical estimates using analytically tractable Langevin models in experimentally relevant parameter regimes. Our method is of great practical significance since all it requires is time-series data for the system of interest without requiring prior knowledge of the system parameters.
description: 22 pages, 7 figures
COLLECTIVE ACTION AND PROPERTY RIGHTS FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
Creators: name: Meinzen-Dick, Ruth Suseela
name: Di Gregorio, Monica
name: Meinzen-Dick, Ruth Suseela
name: Di Gregorio, Monica
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: International Development

description: This section includes: Collective Action and Property Rights for Sustainable Development: Overview, by Ruth Meinzen-Dick and Monica Di Gregorio; Understanding collective action, by Elinor Ostrom; Understanding property rights, by Ruth Meinzen-Dick, Rajendra Pradhan, and Monica Di Gregorio; Local-level public goods and collective action, by Nancy McCarthy; Property rights, collective action, and agroforestry, by Frank Place, Keijiro Otsuka, and Sara Scherr; Irrigation, collective action, and property rights, by Douglas L. Vermillion; Collective action and property rights in fisheries management, by Mahfuzuddin Ahmed, K. Kuperan Viswanathan, and R.A. Valmonte-Santos; Collaborative management of forests, by Eva Wollenberg, Bruce Campbell, Sheona Shackleton, David Edmunds,and Patricia Shanley; Institutional options for managing rangelands, by Tidiane Ngaido and Nancy McCarthy; Property rights, collective action, and plant genetic resources, by Pablo Eyzaguirre, Nancy McCarthy, Monica Di Gregorio, and Evan Dennis; Collective action in pest management, by Helle Munk Ravnborg; Property rights and collective action in watersheds, by Brent Swallow, Nancy Johnson, Anna Knox, and Ruth Meinzen-Dick; Property rights, collective action, and agribusiness, by Nancy Johnson and Julio A. Berdegue; Farmer research and extension, by Anna Knox and Nina Lilja; Strengthening collective action, by Bryan Bruns and Pakping Chalad Bruns; Strengthening property rights for the poor, by John W. Bruce.
Nonlocal communication with photoinduced structures at the surface of a polymer film
Creators: name: Barille, R.
name: Dabos-Seignon, S.
name: Nunzi, J. -M.
name: Kandjani, S. Ahmadi
name: Ortyl, E.
name: Kucharski, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nonlocal communication between two laser light beams is experimented in a photochromic polymer thin films. Information exchange between the beams is mediated by the self-induction of a surface relief pattern. The exchanged information is related to the pitch and orientation of the grating. Both are determined by the incident beam. The process can be applied to experiment on a new kind of logic gates.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures, 2 tables
Identification of extragalactic sources of the highest energy EGRET photons by correlation analysis
Creators: name: Gorbunov, D. S.
name: Tinyakov, P. G.
name: Tkachev, I. I.
name: Troitsky, S. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We found significant correlations between the arrival directions of the highest energy photons (E>10 GeV) observed by EGRET and positions of the BL Lac type objects (BL Lacs). The observed correlations imply that not less than three per cent of extragalactic photons at these energies originate from BL Lacs. Some of the correlating BL Lacs have no counterparts in the EGRET source catalog, i.e. do not coincide with strong emitters of gamma-rays at lower energy. The study of correlating BL Lacs suggests that they may form a subset which is statistically different from the total BL Lac catalog; we argue that they are prominent candidates for TeV gamma-ray sources. Our results demonstrate that the analysis of positional correlations is a powerful approach indispensable in cases when low statistics limits or even prohibits the standard case-by-case identification.
description: 5 pages, MNRAS style
Neutron - Mirror Neutron Oscillations: How Fast Might They Be?
Creators: name: Berezhiani, Zurab
name: Bento, Luis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the phenomenological implications of the neutron (n) oscillation into the mirror neutron (n'), a hypothetical particle exactly degenerate in mass with the neutron but sterile to normal matter. We show that the present experimental data allow a maximal n-n' oscillation in vacuum with a characteristic time $τ$ much shorter than the neutron lifetime, in fact as small as 1 sec. This phenomenon may manifest in neutron disappearance and regeneration experiments perfectly accessible to present experimental capabilities and may also have interesting astrophysical consequences, in particular for the propagation of ultra high energy cosmic rays.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure; revtex; matches paper published by P.R.L
Statistical Mechanical Analysis of the Electromechanical Coupling in an Electrically-Responsive Polymer Chain
Creators: name: Grasinger, Matthew
name: Dayal, Kaushik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Polymeric materials that couple deformation and electrostatics have the potential for use in soft sensors and actuators with potential applications ranging from robotic, biomedical, energy, aerospace and automotive technologies. In contrast to the mechanics of polymers that has been studied using statistical mechanics approaches for decades, the coupled response under deformation and electrical field has largely been modeled only phenomenologically at the continuum scale. In this work, we examine the physics of the coupled deformation and electrical response of an electrically-responsive polymer chain using statistical mechanics. We begin with a simple anisotropic model for the electrostatic dipole response to electric field of a single monomer, and use a separation of energy scales between the electrostatic field energy and the induced dipole field energy to reduce the nonlocal and infinite-dimensional statistical averaging to a simpler local finite-dimensional averaging. In this simplified setting, we derive the equations of the most likely monomer orientation density using the maximum term approximation, and a chain free energy is derived using this approximation. These equations are investigated numerically and the results provide insight into the physics of electro-mechanically coupled elastomer chains. Closed-form approximations are also developed in the limit of small electrical energy with respect to thermal energy; in the limit of small mechanical tension force acting on the chain; and using asymptotic matching for general chain conditions.
description: To appear in Soft Matter
Analytical Results for the Classical and Quantum Tsallis Hadron Transverse Momentum Spectra: the Zeroth Order Approximation and beyond
Creators: name: Bhattacharyya, Trambak
name: Parvan, Alexandru S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive the analytical expressions for the first and second order terms in the hadronic transverse momentum spectra obtained from the Tsallis normalized (Tsallis-1) statistics. We revisit the zeroth order quantum Tsallis distributions and obtain the corresponding analytical closed form expressions. It is observed that unlike the classical case, the analytical closed forms of the zeroth order quantum spectra do not resemble the phenomenological distributions used in the literature after $q \to q^{-1}$ substitution, where $q$ is the Tsallis entropic parameter. However, the factorization approximation increases the extent of similarity.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures
GeV Scale Inelastic Dark Matter with Dark Photon Mediator via Direct Detection and Cosmological/Laboratory Constraints
Creators: name: He, Hong-Jian
name: Wang, Yu-Chen
name: Zheng, Jiaming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a new candidate of GeV scale inelastic dark matter (DM). Our construction has an anomaly-free $U(1)_X^{}$ gauge group with dark photon mediator, and can realize either scalar or fermionic inelastic DM. It is highly predictive and testable. We study the scattering rate of light inelastic DM with electrons in the XENON1T experiment and with nuclei in the XENON1T, CRESST-III, CDEX-1B and DarkSide-50 experiments. We resolve the recent XENON1T anomaly via electron recoil detection. Combining the XENON1T constraints from both electron recoils and nuclear recoils (including Migdal effect), we predict the inelastic DM mass $\lesssim 1.5$GeV. We further analyze the bounds by the DM relic abundance, the lifetime of the heavier DM component, and laboratory constraints, from which we identify the viable parameter space for the future probe. This provides an important benchmark for the theories and experimental tests of GeV scale inelastic DM.
description: 14pp, PRD published version. Results and Conclusions unchanged, only minor refinements. The importance of Migdal bound on inelastic DM is stressed. References added
Reducing or enhancing chaos using periodic orbits
Creators: name: Bachelard, Romain
name: Chandre, Cristel
name: Leoncini, Xavier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A method to reduce or enhance chaos in Hamiltonian flows with two degrees of freedom is discussed. This method is based on finding a suitable perturbation of the system such that the stability of a set of periodic orbits changes (local bifurcations). Depending on the values of the residues, reflecting their linear stability properties, a set of invariant tori is destroyed or created in the neighborhood of the chosen periodic orbits. An application on a paradigmatic system, a forced pendulum, illustrates the method.
A Design-Based Model of the Aortic Valve for Fluid-Structure Interaction
Creators: name: Kaiser, Alexander D.
name: Shad, Rohan
name: Hiesinger, William
name: Marsden, Alison L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Tissues and Organs (q-bio.TO)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: J.3.1
subject: 92C10

description: This paper presents a new method for modeling the mechanics of the aortic valve, and simulates its interaction with blood. As much as possible, the model construction is based on first principles, but such that the model is consistent with experimental observations. We require that tension in the leaflets must support a pressure, then derive a system of partial differential equations governing its mechanical equilibrium. The solution to these differential equations is referred to as the predicted loaded configuration; it includes the loaded leaflet geometry, fiber orientations and tensions needed to support the prescribed load. From this configuration, we derive a reference configuration and constitutive law. In fluid-structure interaction simulations with the immersed boundary method, the model seals reliably under physiological pressures, and opens freely over multiple cardiac cycles. Further, model closure is robust to extreme hypo- and hypertensive pressures. Then, exploiting the unique features of this model construction, we conduct experiments on reference configurations, constitutive laws, and gross morphology. These experiments suggest the following conclusions, which are directly applicable to the design of prosthetic aortic valves. (i) The loaded geometry, tensions and tangent moduli primarily determine model function. (ii) Alterations to the reference configuration have little effect if the predicted loaded configuration is identical. (iii) The leaflets must have sufficiently nonlinear material response to function over a variety of pressures. (iv) Valve performance is highly sensitive to free edge length and leaflet height. For future use, our aortic valve modeling framework offers flexibility in patient-specific models of cardiac flow.
Running Non-Gaussianities in DBI Inflation
Creators: name: Chen, Xingang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the non-Gaussianity in the simplest infrared (IR) model of the DBI inflation. We show that the non-Gaussianity in such a model is compatible with the current observational bound, and is within the sensitivity of future experiments. We also discuss the scale dependence of the non-Gaussianity. In the DBI inflation, such a feature can be used as a probe to the properties of the background geometry of the extra dimensions or internal space.
description: 17 pages; v3, a numerical correction in f_NL, references added, PRD version
Exact Rolling Tachyon in Noncommutative Field Theory
Creators: name: Kim, Yoonbai
name: Kwon, O-Kab
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the exact rolling tachyon solutions in DBI type noncommutative field theory with a constant open string metric and noncommutative parameter on an unstable D$p$-brane. Functional shapes of the obtained solutions span all possible homogeneous rolling tachyon configurations; that is, they are hyperbolic-cosine, hyperbolic-sine, and exponential under $1/\cosh$ runaway NC tachyon potential. Even if general DBI type NC electric field is turned on, only a constant electric field satisfies the equations of motion, and again, exact rolling tachyon solutions are obtained.
description: 13 pages, minor corrections
Revisiting an extended-mean-field approach in heavy-ion collisions around the Fermi energy
Creators: name: Besse, G.
name: de la Mota, V.
name: Bonnet, E.
name: Eudes, P.
name: Napolitani, P.
name: Basrak, Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Static and dynamical aspects of nuclear systems are described through an extended time-dependent mean-field approach. The foundations of the formalism are presented, with highlights on the estimation of average values and their corresponding dispersions. In contrast to semiclassical transport models, the particular interest of this description lies on its intrinsic quantal character. The reliability of this approach is discussed by means of stopping-sensitive observables analysis in heavy-ion collisions in the range of 20 to 120 MeV per nucleon.
description: 11 pages, 11 figures
Distribution of temperature and strength in the Central Andean lithosphere and its relationship to seismicity and active deformation
Creators: name: Ibarra, Federico
name: Prezzi, Claudia Beatriz
name: Bott, Judith
name: Scheck-Wenderoth, Magdalena
name: Strecker, Manfred R.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: Outputs of the thermal and rheological models presented in the publication "Distribution of temperature and strength in the Central Andean lithosphere and its relationship to seismicity and active deformation". We provide the temperature distribution at the upper and lower boundary conditions, temperatures at constant depths below the surface, crustal and lithospheric integrated strengths, crust/lithosphere strength ratio, and yield strength envelopes.
The evaluation of Tornheim double sums. Part 1
Creators: name: Espinosa, Olivier
name: Moll, Victor H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We provide an explicit formula for the Tornheim double series in terms of integrals involving the Hurwitz zeta function. We also study the limit when the parameters of the Tornheim sum become natural numbers, and show that in that case it can be expressed in terms of definite integrals of triple products of Bernoulli polynomials and the Bernoulli function $A_k (q): = kζ'(1 - k,q)$.
description: 23 pages, AMS-LaTex, to appear in Journal of Number Theory
Hybrid control for optimal visiting problems for a single player and for a crowd
Creators: name: Bagagiolo, Fabio
name: Festa, Adriano
name: Marzufero, Luciano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 49L12, 35Q89, 91A16

description: In an optimal visiting problem, we want to control a trajectory that has to pass as close as possible to a collection of target points or regions. We introduce a hybrid control-based approach for the classic problem where the trajectory can switch between a group of discrete states related to the targets of the problem. The model is subsequently adapted to a mean-field framework to study viability and crowd fluxes to model a multitude of indistinguishable players.
Binding of charmonium with two- and three-body nuclei
Creators: name: Belyaev, V. B.
name: Shevchenko, N. V.
name: Fix, A. I.
name: Sandhas, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The energies of the (eta_c d) and (eta_c 3He) bound states are calculated on the basis of exact three- and four-body AGS equations. For the eta_c N interaction a Yukawa-type potential has been adopted. The calculations are done for a certain range of its strength parameter. The results obtained are quite different from calculations based on the folding model.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures; added present address of NVS
Migratable AI : Investigating users' affect on identity and information migration of a conversational AI agent
Creators: name: Tejwani, Ravi
name: Katz, Boris
name: Breazeal, Cynthia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Conversational AI agents are becoming ubiquitous and provide assistance to us in our everyday activities. In recent years, researchers have explored the migration of these agents across different embodiments in order to maintain the continuity of the task and improve user experience. In this paper, we investigate user's affective responses in different configurations of the migration parameters. We present a 2x2 between-subjects study in a task-based scenario using information migration and identity migration as parameters. We outline the affect processing pipeline from the video footage collected during the study and report user's responses in each condition. Our results show that users reported highest joy and were most surprised when both the information and identity was migrated; and reported most anger when the information was migrated without the identity of their agent.
description: Accepted to ICSR. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2007.05801
A hybrid control framework for an optimal visiting problem
Creators: name: Bagagiolo, Fabio
name: Festa, Adriano
name: Marzufero, Luciano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35F21, 49L20

description: The optimal visiting problem is the optimization of a trajectory that has to touch or pass as close as possible to a collection of target points. The problem does not verify the dynamic programming principle, and it needs a specific formulation to keep track of the visited target points. In this paper, we introduce a hybrid approach by adding a discontinuous part of the trajectory switching between a group of discrete states related to the targets. Then, we show the well-posedness of the related Hamilton-Jacobi problem, by reformulating the optimal visiting as a collection of time-dependent optimal stopping problems.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2012.08596
Hyperfine interactions at lanthanide impurities in Fe
Creators: name: Torumba, Doru
name: Cottenier, Stefaan
name: Vanhoof, Veerle
name: Rots, Michel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The magnetic hyperfine field and electric-field gradient at isolated lanthanide impurities in an Fe host lattice are calculated from first principles, allowing for the first time a qualitative and quantitative understanding of an experimental data set collected over the past 40 years. It is demonstrated that the common Local Density Approximation leads to quantitatively and qualitatively wrong results, while the LDA+U method performs much better. In order to avoid pitfalls inherent to the LDA+U method, a careful strategy had to be used, which will be described in detail. The lanthanide 4f spin moment is found to couple antiferromagnetically to the magnetization of the Fe lattice, in agreement with the model of Campbell and Brooks. There is strong evidence for a delocalization/localization transition that is shifted from Ce to at least Pr and maybe further up to Sm. This shift is interpreted in terms of the effective pressure felt by lanthanides in Fe. Implications for resolving ambiguities in the determination of delocalization in pure lanthanide metals under pressure are discussed. For the localized lanthanides, Yb is shown to be divalent in this host lattice, while all others are trivalent (including Eu, the case of Tm is undecided). The completely filled and well-bound 5p shell of the lanthanides is shown to have a major and unexpected influence on the dipolar hyperfine field and on the electric-field gradient, a feature that can be explained by their 1/r^3 dependence. An extrapolation to actinides suggests that the same is true for the actinide 6p shell. The case of free lanthanide atoms is discussed as well.
description: 17 pages, 14 figures
Effect of Equilibration on Primitive Path Analyses of Entangled Polymers
Creators: name: Hoy, Robert S.
name: Robbins, Mark O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use recently developed primitive path analysis (PPA) methods to study the effect of equilibration on entanglement density in model polymeric systems. Values of N_e for two commonly used equilibration methods differ by a factor of two or three even though the methods produce similar large-scale chain statistics. We find that local chain stretching in poorly equilibrated samples increases entanglement density. The evolution of N_e with time shows that many entanglements are lost through fast processes such as chain retraction as the local stretching relaxes. Quenching a melt state into a glass has little effect on N_e. Equilibration-dependent differences in short-scale structure affect the craze extension ratio much less than expected from the differences in PPA values of N_e.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. E. Discussion of equilibration mechanisms for N_e improved with new data and analysis
The orienteering problem: a hybrid control formulation
Creators: name: Bagagiolo, Fabio
name: Festa, Adriano
name: Marzufero, Luciano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 49L20, 65Z05

description: In the last years, a growing number of challenging applications in navigation, logistics, and tourism were modeled as orienteering problems. This problem has been proposed in relation to a sport race where certain control points must be visited in a minimal time. In a certain kind of these competitions, the choice of the number and the order for the control points are left to the competitor. We propose an original approach to solve the orienteering problem based on hybrid control. The continuous state of the system contains information about the navigation toward the next control point. In contrast, the discrete state keeps track of the already visited ones. The control problem is solved using non-standard dynamical programming techniques.
Internet resource for Ethical User Stories
Creators: name: Vakkuri, Ville
name: Halme, Erika
name: Kultanen, Joni
name: Jantunen, Marianna
name: Kai-Kristian Kemell
name: Rousi, Rebekah
name: Abrahamsson, Pekka
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 80309 Software Engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This Figshare address is the dedicated Internet resource for the How to write ethical user stories? material developed in 2021 University of Jyväskylä Finland. The material has been developed and tested in Master’s level Information Systems (IS) course to facilitate writing ethical user stories.

The material consists of: User Story Decks (X ECCOLA inspired and Y control), User Story Template and weekly assignments used in the course.
The used User Story Deck X is based on The ECCOLA method (https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.12136308). That has been designed to help software engineers and product managers to take ethics into account when developing software systems powered by artificial intelligence.
The Topology of Branching Universes
Creators: name: McCabe, Gordon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The purpose of this paper is to survey the possible topologies of branching space-times, and, in particular, to refute the popular notion in the literature that a branching space-time requires a non-Hausdorff topology.
title: The effects of etifoxine on the NLRP3 inflammasome and its relevance in elucidating the pathophysiology of multiple sclerosis
Creators: name: Osmond, Jordan Marian
Publisher: name: Memorial University of Newfoundland
Year: 2021

description: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neuroinflammatory disease that is characterized by immune-mediated demyelination within the central nervous system. Nod-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation has been previously reported as a possible pathophysiological contributor to microglial activation and oligodendroglial loss in MS, particularly in progressive forms of the disease. Herein, it is demonstrated that etifoxine, a translocator protein (TSPO) ligand, attenuates the clinical symptoms in a mouse model of MS and significantly inhibits NLRP3 inflammasome activation in human and murine myeloid-derived cells in vitro by decreasing inflammasome-associated genes and inflammatory cytokine production. These anti-inflammatory effects of etifoxine were mediated independently of its previously described mechanisms related to engagement with TSPO and the GABAA receptor. Furthermore, we observed a similar anti-inflammatory effect of etifoxine on MS patient-derived monocytes, which provides clinical relevance for the investigation of etifoxine as a potential therapeutic in progressive MS. Lastly, through the use of a gene array, we identified multiple signalling pathways in order to elucidate a novel mechanism whereby etifoxine may be inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation.
NGC 2401: A template of the Norma-Cygnus Arm's young population in the Third Galactic Quadrant
Creators: name: Baume, G.
name: Moitinho, A.
name: Vazquez, R.
name: Solivella, G.
name: Carraro, G.
name: Villanova, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on a deep optical CCD (UBV(RI)_C) photometric survey and on the Two-Micron All-Sky-Survey (2MASS) data we derived the main parameters of the open cluster NGC 2401. We found this cluster is placed at 6.3 $\pm$ 0.5 kpc (V_O - M_V = 14.0 \pm 0.2) from the Sun and is 25 Myr old, what allows us to identify NGC 2401 as a member of the young population belonging to the innermost side of the extension of the Norma-Cygnus spiral--arm in the Third Galactic Quadrant. A spectroscopic study of the emission star LSS 440 that lies in the cluster area revealed it is a B0Ve star; however, we could not confirm it is a cluster member. We also constructed the cluster luminosity function (LF) down to $V \sim 22$ and the cluster initial mass function (IMF) for all stars with masses above $M \sim 1-2 M_{\sun}$. It was found that the slope of the cluster IMF is $x \approx 1.8 \pm 0.2$. The presence of a probable PMS star population associated to the cluster is weakly revealed.
description: 10 paginas, 11 eps figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Exciton-exciton interaction beyond the hydrogenic picture in a MoSe$_2$ monolayer in the strong light-matter coupling regime
Creators: name: Stepanov, Petr
name: Vashisht, Amit
name: Klaas, Martin
name: Lundt, Nils
name: Tongay, Sefaattin
name: Blei, Mark
name: Höfling, Sven
name: Volz, Thomas
name: Minguzzi, Anna
name: Renard, Julien
name: Schneider, Christian
name: Richard, Maxime
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In transition metal dichalcogenides layers of atomic scale thickness, the electron-hole Coulomb interaction potential is strongly influenced by the sharp discontinuity of the dielectric function across the layer plane. This feature results in peculiar non-hydrogenic excitonic states, in which exciton-mediated optical nonlinearities are predicted to be enhanced as compared to their hydrogenic counterpart. To demonstrate this enhancement, we performed optical transmission spectroscopy of a MoSe$_2$ monolayer placed in the strong coupling regime with the mode of an optical microcavity, and analyzed the results quantitatively with a nonlinear input-output theory. We find an enhancement of both the exciton-exciton interaction and of the excitonic fermionic saturation with respect to realistic values expected in the hydrogenic picture. Such results demonstrate that unconventional excitons in MoSe$_2$ are highly favourable for the implementation of large exciton-mediated optical nonlinearities, potentially working up to room temperature.
Type 0 $\mathbb{Z}_2\times \mathbb{Z}_2$ Heterotic String Orbifolds and Misaligned Supersymmetry
Creators: name: Faraggi, Alon E.
name: Matyas, Viktor G.
name: Percival, Benjamin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The $\mathbb{Z}_2\times \mathbb{Z}_2$ heterotic string orbifold yielded a large space of phenomenological three generation models and serves as a testing ground to explore how the Standard Model of particle physics may be incorporated in a theory of quantum gravity. In this paper we explore the existence of type 0 models in this class of string compactifications. We demonstrate the existence of type 0 $\mathbb{Z}_2\times \mathbb{Z}_2$ heterotic string orbifolds, and show that there exist a large degree of redundancy in the space of GGSO projection coefficients when the type 0 restrictions are implemented. We explore the existence of such configurations in several constructions. The first correspond to essentially a unique configuration out of a priori $2^{21}$ discrete GGSO choices. We demonstrate this uniqueness analytically, as well as by the corresponding analysis of the partition function. A wider classification is performed in $\tilde S$--models and $S$--models, where the first class correspond to compactifications of a tachyonic ten dimensional heterotic string vacuum, whereas the second correspond to compactifications of the ten dimensional non--tachyonic $SO(16)\times SO(16)$. We show that the type 0 models in both cases contain physical tachyons at the free fermionic point in the moduli space. These vacua are therefore necessarily unstable, but may be instrumental in exploring the string dynamics in cosmological scenarios. we analyse the properties of the string one--loop amplitude. Naturally, these are divergent due to the existence of tachyonic states. We show that once the tachyonic states are removed by hand the amplitudes are finite and exhibit a form of misaligned supersymmetry.
description: 24 pages. 4 figures. Standard LaTex. Added discussion on misaligned supersymmetry. Published version
Particle acceleration in thick parallel shocks with high compression ratio
Creators: name: Virtanen, Joni J. P.
name: Vainio, Rami
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report studies on first-order Fermi acceleration in parallel modified shock waves with a large scattering center compression ratio expected from turbulence transmission models. Using a Monte Carlo technique we have modeled particle acceleration in shocks with a velocity ranging from nonrelativistic to ultrarelativistic and a thickness extending from nearly steplike to very wide structures exceeding the particle diffusion length by orders of magnitude. The nonrelativistic diffusion approximation is found to be surprisingly accurate in predicting the spectral index of a thick shock with large compression ratio even in the cases involving relativistic shock speeds.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, accepted to A&A