cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Complementarity Assessment of South Greenland Katabatic Flows and West Europe Wind Regimes
Creators: name: Radu, David
name: Berger, Mathias
name: Fonteneau, Raphaël
name: Hardy, Simon
name: Fettweis, Xavier
name: Du, Marc Le
name: Panciatici, Patrick
name: Balea, Lucian
name: Ernst, Damien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Current global environmental challenges require vigorous and diverse actions in the energy sector. One solution that has recently attracted interest consists in harnessing high-quality variable renewable energy resources in remote locations, while using transmission links to transport the power to end users. In this context, a comparison of western European and Greenland wind regimes is proposed. By leveraging a regional atmospheric model specifically designed to accurately capture polar phenomena, local climatic features of southern Greenland are identified to be particularly conducive to extensive renewable electricity generation from wind. A methodology to assess how connecting remote locations to major demand centres would benefit the latter from a resource availability standpoint is introduced and applied to the aforementioned Europe-Greenland case study, showing superior and complementary wind generation potential in the considered region of Greenland with respect to selected European sites.
description: Published in Elsevier Energy
Gravitational Collapse in Rastall Gravity
Creators: name: Ziaie, A. H.
name: Moradpour, H.
name: Ghaffari, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study spherically symmetric gravitational collapse of a homogeneous perfect fluid in Rastall gravity. Considering a linear equation of state (EoS) for the fluid profiles, we examine the conditions under which the collapse scenario could end in a spacetime singularity. Depending on the model parameters, the singularity could be either naked or covered by a horizon. We find that a non-vanishing Rastall parameter could affect the formation of apparent horizon so that, naked singularities may form for those values of EoS parameter for which a homogeneous perfect fluid collapse in general relativity (GR) terminates at the black hole formation. Hence the visibility of the resulting singularity depends on the Rastall parameter. The solutions we obtain respect the weak energy condition (WEC) which is crucial for physical validity of the model.
description: 6 pages and 1 figure
Measuring the growth of structure with intensity mapping surveys
Creators: name: Castorina, Emanuele
name: White, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Line intensity mapping offers a new avenue for constraining cosmological parameters in the high redshift Universe. However measurements of the growth of structure, a sensitive probe of gravity, are affected by a well known degeneracy with astrophysical parameters, encoded in the mean brightness temperature of the specific line. In this work we show how to break this degeneracy, to a level that could allow constraints of the amplitude of cosmological fluctuations at the percent level, using information in the mildly non-linear regime of structure formation as described by Lagrangian Perturbation Theory. We focus on the 21-cm line with forecasts for HIRAX and the proposed Stage II experiment as illustrations.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures, matches version accepted by journal
Deciphering the transcription factor-microRNA-target gene regulatory network associated with graphene oxide cytotoxicity
Creators: name: Farahani, Masoumeh
name: Rezaei–Tavirani, Mostafa
name: Hakimeh Zali
name: Oskouie, Afsaneh Arefi
name: Meisam Omidi
name: Alireza Lashay
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Graphene oxide (GO) has recently emanated as a promising material in cancer treatment. To unveil the underlying mechanisms of microRNAs (miRNAs) and potential target genes involved in GO cytotoxicity, we firstly compiled GO-related miRNAs and genes in human cancer cell lines treated with GO from public databases and published works. Besides miRNAs as post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression, transcription factors (TFs) are also the main regulators at the transcriptional level. In the following, we explored the regulatory relationships between miRNAs, target genes, and TFs. Thereafter, a gene regulatory network consisting of GO-responsive miRNAs, GO-responsive genes, and known human TFs was constructed. Then, 3-node regulatory motif types were detected in the resulting network. Among them, miRNA-FFL (feed-forward loop) was identified as a significant motif type. A total of 184 miRNA-FFLs were found and merged to generate a regulatory sub-network. Pathway analysis of the resulting sub-network highlighted adherens junction, focal adhesion, and TGFβ signaling pathways as the major pathways that previous studies demonstrate them to be the affected pathways in GO-treated cells. Functional investigations displayed that miRNAs might be involved in the control of apoptosis through disruption of cell adhesion in response to cytotoxicity. Moreover, GO-cell interactions can lead to miRNA targeting of genes (i.e. Rac1 and RhoA) involved in the cytoskeleton assembly process. These specific toxic properties support biomedical applications of GO, especially for cancer therapy.
Research on the Prognostic Role of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in Renal Cell Carcinoma
Creators: name: Chandrasekaran, Deepika
name: R. Padmavathi
name: Sundaram, Sandhya
name: N. Kathiresan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Renal cell carcinoma
vascular endothelial growth factor
hypoxia inducible factor
immunohistochemistry
prognosis

description: Background: Renal cell carcinoma is the most lethal urological cancer. 60 to 70% RCCs are localized cases where the gold standard treatment is nephrectomy. 20% of cases are advanced at the time of diagnosis. The treatment protocol of such cases remains unsatisfactory as they are chemo and radio resistant. Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor is the key mediator of angiogenesis in renal cancers. Inactivation of von Hippel-Lindau gene leads to the production of Hypoxia Inducible Factor-1α. Following this VEGF-A becomes highly expressed in the carcinoma tissue. This results in tumour genesis by promoting distant metastasis, uncontrolled growth, and resistance to apoptosis. Thus targeting VEGF plays a potential role in the treatment of RCC. Methods and Materials: This study was conducted using 150 tissue blocks of histopathologically proven RCC patients. The Ethics Committee, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education & Research (Deemed University) granted the ethical clearance. VEGF was analyzed by Biotin Streptavidin Immunoperoxidase method. Q scoring was done. Statistical Analysis: Chi square test and Fischer Exact test was done to assess the comparison between the VEGF expression in tumour cells and their characteristic features like histology, grade and stage. SPSS (version 20.0) was used. P value <0.05 was considered significant. Aim: To assess the expression of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in Renal Cell Carcinoma cases and its role as a potential biomarker. Results: 96.6% of the RCC cases were VEGF positive in the tumor area, whereas cells in the adjacent normal tissue area expressed weak staining. Tumour angiogenesis was reported to be the significant predictor of prognosis in RCC. Conclusion: Inhibition of VEGF can cause normalization of per­meability, improve the host immunity and access for treatments like chemotherapy.
Duality between static spherically or hyperbolically symmetric solutions and cosmological solutions in scalar-tensor gravity
Creators: name: Kamenshchik, Alexander Yu.
name: Pozdeeva, Ekaterina O.
name: Starobinsky, Alexei A.
name: Tronconi, Alessandro
name: Vardanyan, Tereza
name: Venturi, Giovanni
name: Vernov, Sergey Yu.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study static spherically and hyperbolically symmetric solutions of the Einstein equations in the presence of a conformally coupled scalar field and compare them with those in the space filled with a minimally coupled scalar field. We then study the Kantowski-Sachs cosmological solutions, which are connected with the static solutions by the duality relations. The main ingredient of these relations is an exchange of roles between the radial and the temporal coordinates, combined with the exchange between the spherical and hyperbolical two-dimensional geometries. A brief discussion of questions such as the relation between the Jordan and the Einstein frames and the description of the singularity crossing is also presented.
description: The final version, published in Physical Review D, the title is changed and some references and comments are added
Impact Analysis of the Walnut Creek Intensive Groundwater Use Control Area
Creators: name: Golden, Bill B.
name: Leatherman, John C.
name: Golden, Bill B.
name: Leatherman, John C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: In 1992, an intensive groundwater-use control area (IGUCA) was established in the Wal-nut Creek Valley in central Kansas. Ex-post quasi-experimental control group analysis sug-gested that producers were able to mitigate the initial economic losses by maintaining/expand-ing the production of higher valued crops and by adopting efficient irrigation technologies and practices. It is hypothesized that the ‘certainty’ of water restrictions diminished the economic impacts. The foreknowledge that water use would be restricted into the foreseeable future allowed producers to develop long-run strategies to mitigate economic damages.
Cluster Percolation in O(n) Spin Models
Creators: name: Blanchard, P.
name: Digal, S.
name: Fortunato, S.
name: Gandolfo, D.
name: Mendes, T.
name: Satz, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spontaneous symmetry breaking in the Ising model can be equivalently described in terms of percolation of Wolff clusters. In O(n) spin models similar clusters can be built in a general way, and they are currently used to update these systems in Monte Carlo simulations. We show that for 3-dimensional O(2), O(3) and O(4) such clusters are indeed the physical `islands' of the systems, i.e., they percolate at the physical threshold and the percolation exponents are in the universality class of the corresponding model. For O(2) and O(3) the result is proven analytically, for O(4) we derived it by numerical simulations.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures, 2 tables, minor modifications
РОЛЬ МИКРОБИОЛОГИИ В СЕЛЬСКОМ ХОЗЯЙСТВЕ
Creators: name: Юлчиева, Сайлибар
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: В данной статье приведены сведения о роли микробиологии в сельском хозяйстве, активации микробиологических процессов и извлечении удобрений из отходов животноводческих комплексов.
Management of Symptomatic Gall Stones in a Tertiary Care Health Facility in Southern Nigeria: A Recent Study
Creators: name: Promise N. Wichendu
name: A. Dodiyi-Manuel
name: Kelechi Ikonwa
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Cholecystectomy
open
laparoscopic
gall stone
disease

description: Background: Gall stone disease is one of the most common problems affecting the digestive tract. The disease spectrum ranges from silent stones to symptomatic stones with its various complications. The disease is relatively uncommon among people of the black race being unknown amongst the Bantu and Masai tribes of Africa. Surgery remains the main stay of treatment for symptomatic gallstone disease as other methods of therapy are largely unsatisfactory. Open surgery was once the only option surgically but with the advent of minimally invasive techniques laparoscopic cholecystectomy has now become the gold standard of surgical care. Aim: Although not common in this environment there is a need to evaluate the age and sex prevalence, types of stone prevalent here, varying modes of clinical presentation and spectrum of the disease as well as treatment modalities adopted in this institution. Methods: This is a retrospective review of all cases done in this institution within a sixteen-year period. The case files of these patients were retrieved and relevant information extracted using a proforma. The results were analysed using SPSS VERSION 22. Results: The collated information showed that gall stone disease is commoner in females with a male female ratio of 1: 5.6 the most preponderant age group was 41-50 years, commonest mode of presentation was recurrent right hypochondrial/epigastric pain. Commonest stone type was mixed contrary to what obtains in Europe and North America. Conclusion: This study established that gall stone disease is overwhelmingly preponderant in females in this locality and continue to be treated here by open surgery.
Classical and Quantum sl(1|2) Superalgebras, Casimir Operators and Quantum Chain Hamiltonians
Creators: name: Arnaudon, D.
name: Chryssomalakos, C.
name: Frappat, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the two parameter deformed superalgebra $U_{qs}(sl(1|2))$ and use the results in the construction of quantum chain Hamiltonians. This study is done both in the framework of the Serre presentation and in the $R$-matrix scheme of Faddeev, Reshetikhin and Takhtajan (FRT). We show that there exists an infinite number of Casimir operators, indexed by integers $p > 1$ in the undeformed case and by $p \in Z$ in the deformed case, which obey quadratic relations. The construction of the dual superalgebra of functions on $SL_{qs}(1|2)$ is also given and higher tensor product representations are discussed. Finally, we construct quantum chain Hamiltonians based on the Casimir operators. In the deformed case we find two Hamiltonians which describe deformed $t-J$ models.
description: 27 pages, LaTeX, one reference moved and one formula added
The Importance of Regional Analysis in Evaluating Agricul-tural Water Conservation Strategies
Creators: name: Guerrero, Bridget
name: Amosson, Steve
name: Nair, Shyam
name: Marek, Thomas
name: Guerrero, Bridget
name: Amosson, Steve
name: Nair, Shyam
name: Marek, Thomas
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: Production Economics
Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: Water resources are essential for agricultural crop production, especially in semi-arid regions of the nation such as the Texas High Plains. In this region, agriculture is a major economic driver and is also the main water user while withdrawals continue to exceed the small recharge of the primary source of water, the Ogallala Aquifer. Agricultural water con-servation strategies are being considered to limit the decline of scarce resources in the region. Potential water savings and associated implementation costs are typically the primary consid-erations in evaluating strategies. However, the inclusion of a regional economic analysis can change the acceptability of conservation strategies considered. This paper examines the impacts of including regional analysis in evaluating agricultural water conservation strategies in the Panhandle Water Planning Area of Texas.
Avalanches in the lung: A statistical mechanical model
Creators: name: Barabási, A. -L.
name: Buldyrev, S. V.
name: Stanley, H. E.
name: Suki, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a statistical mechanical model for the dynamics of lung inflation which incorporates recent experimental observations on the opening of individual airways by a cascade or avalanche mechanism. Using an exact mapping of the avalanche problem onto percolation on a Cayley tree, we analytically derive the exponents describing the size distribution of the first avalanches and test the analytical solution by numerical simulations. We find that the tree-like structure of the airways together with the simplest assumptions concerning opening threshold pressures of each airway, is sufficient to explain the existence of power-law distributions observed experimentally.
description: 4 pages, Figures avaliable by mail from alb@nd.edu, REVTEX
title: Ab Initio Theory of Light-ion Reactions
Creators: name: Navrátil, Petr
name: Quaglioni, Sofia
name: Roth, Robert
Publisher: name: IOP Publishing
Year: 2024

description: The exact treatment of nuclei starting from the constituent nucleons and the fundamental interactions among them has been a long-standing goal in nuclear physics. Above all nuclear scattering and reactions, which require the solution of the many-body quantum-mechanical problem in the continuum, represent a theoretical and computational challenge for ab initio approaches. After a brief overview of the field, we present a new ab initio many-body approach capable of describing simultaneously both bound and scattering states in light nuclei. By combining the resonating-group method (RGM) with the ab initio no-core shell model (NCSM), we complement a microscopic cluster technique with the use of realistic interactions and a microscopic and consistent description of the clusters. We show results for neutron and proton scattering on light nuclei, including p-⁷Be and n-⁸He. We also highlight the first results of the d-³He and d-³H fusion calculations obtained within this approach.
Weitere Kalenderdaten
Creators: name: Redaktion, Die
Publisher: name: Astronomische Grundlagen für den Kalender
Year: 2024

description: Vorschau 1. Halbjahr 2027, Fest- und Namenkalender 2026, Übersichtskalender für die Jahre 2026 bis 2037
description: Astronomische Grundlagen für den Kalender, 2026
A measurement of $alpha_s(Q^2)$ from the Gross-Llewellyn Smith Sum Rule
Creators: name: Kim, J. H.
name: Harris, D. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extract a set of values for the Gross-Llewellyn Smith sum rule at different values of 4-momentum transfer squared ($Q^{2}$), by combining revised CCFR neutrino data with data from other neutrino deep-inelastic scattering experiments for $1 < Q^2 < 15 GeV^2/c^2$. A comparison with the order $α^{3}_{s}$ theoretical predictions yields a determination of $α_{s}$ at the scale of the Z-boson mass of $0.114 \pm^{.009}_{.012}$. This measurement provides a new and useful test of perturbative QCD at low $Q^2$, because of the low uncertainties in the higher order calculations.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Towards new Front-End Electronics for the HADES Drift Chamber System
Creators: name: Wiebusch, Michael
name: Müntz, Christian
name: Wendisch, Christian
name: Pietraszko, Jerzy
name: Michel, Jan
name: Stroth, Joachim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Operating HADES at the future FAIR SIS-100 accelerator challenges the rate capability of DAQ and electronics. A new, more robust version of front-end electronics needs to be built for the HADES drift chamber system. Due to the unavailability of the previously used ASD-8 analog read-out ASIC, PASTTREC (PANDA straw tube read-out ASIC) was tested as an ASD-8 replacement in different scenarios including a beam test. PASTTREC falls 20% short of the ASD-8 time precision but performs better w.r.t. signal charge measurements and overall operation stability. The measured time precision as a function of distance to the sense wire was modeled within a 3D GARFIELD simulation of the HADES drift cell.
description: Proceedings of the PM2018 conference: 14th Pisa Meeting on Advanced Detectors, Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment (2018)
Gabriel-Ulmer duality for topoi and its relation with site presentations
Creators: name: Di Liberti, Ivan
name: González, Julia Ramos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 18B25, 18C35, 18C10, 18C30, 18F10, 18D05

description: Let $κ$ be a regular cardinal. We study Gabriel-Ulmer duality when one restricts the 2-category of locally $κ$-presentable categories with $κ$-accessible right adjoints to its locally full sub-2-category of $κ$-presentable Grothendieck topoi with geometric $κ$-accessible morphisms. In particular, we provide a full understanding of the locally full sub-2-category of the 2-category of $κ$-small cocomplete categories with $κ$-colimit preserving functors arising as the corresponding 2-category of presentations via the restriction. We analyse the relation of these presentations of Grothendieck topoi with site presentations and we show that the 2-category of locally $κ$-presentable Grothendieck topoi with geometric $κ$-accessible morphisms is a reflective sub-bicategory of the full sub-2-category of the 2-category of sites with morphisms of sites genearated by the weakly $κ$-ary sites in the sense of Shulman [37].
description: 25 pages
Some Remarks on the Baryon-Meson Couplings in the 1/N_c Expansion
Creators: name: Liu, Chun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The original results for the baryon-pion couplings in the large $N_c$ QCD can be understood in a simpler way in the Hartree-Fock picture. The large $N_c$ relation and its $1/N_c$ correction between the heavy baryon-meson coupling and the light baryon-meson coupling are emphasized. Application to the baryon-$ρ$ meson interactions is straightforward. The implications of recent experimental result for the strong coupling constants of the heavy baryon chiral lagrangian are discussed.
description: 9 pages, latex, no figures
Thermal conductivity of the degenerate one-dimensional Fermi gas
Creators: name: Matveev, K. A.
name: Ristivojevic, Zoran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study heat transport in a gas of one-dimensional fermions in the presence of a small temperature gradient. At temperatures well below the Fermi energy there are two types of relaxation processes in this system, with dramatically different relaxation rates. As a result, in addition to the usual thermal conductivity, one can introduce the thermal conductivity of the gas of elementary excitations, which quantifies the dissipation in the system in the broad range of frequencies between the two relaxation rates. We develop a microscopic theory of these transport coefficients in the limit of weak interactions between the fermions.
description: 17 pages
Simulation of macroscopic systems with non-vanishing elastic dipole components
Creators: name: Jourdan, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To simulate a macroscopic system from a simulation cell, a direct summation of the elastic fields produced by periodic images can be used. If the cell contains a non-zero elastic dipole component, the sum is known to be conditionally convergent. In analogy with systems containing electric or magnetic dipoles, we show that the sum introduces a component which only depends on the shape of the summation domain and on the dipole density. A correction to the direct summation is proposed for the strain and stress fields in the simulation cell, which ensures that zero tractions are imposed on the boundary of the macro-scopic system. The elastic fields then do not depend anymore on the shape of the domain. The effect of this correction is emphasized on the kinetics of dislo-cation loop growth by absorption of point defects. It is shown that correcting elastic fields has an influence on the kinetics if defects have different properties at stable and saddle points.
Neutrino Mass Constraints on R violation and HERA anomaly
Creators: name: Joshipura, Anjan S.
name: Ravindran, V.
name: Vempati, Sudhir K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: R parity violating trilinear couplings $λ'_{1jk}$ of the minimal supersymmetric standard model (MSSM) are constrained from the limit on the electron neutrino mass. Strong limits on these couplings follow from the earlier neglected contribution due to sneutrino vacuum expectation values. The limits on most of the $λ'_{1jk}$ couplings derived here are stronger than the existing ones for a wide range in parameters of MSSM. These limits strongly constrain the interpretation of recent HERA results in $e^+ p$ scattering in terms of production of squarks through $R$ violating couplings. In particular, the interpretation in terms of $\tilde{t}_L$ production off strange quark as suggested recently is not viable for wide ranges in MSSM parameters.
description: 15 pages with 5 figures, minor typos corrected and a new reference added
Erläuterungen und Hinweise
Creators: name: Redaktion, Die
Publisher: name: Astronomische Grundlagen für den Kalender
Year: 2024

description: Erläuterungen zum Kalendarium, Wochenbeginn und Wochennummerierung, Elektronische Version, Gesetzliche Feiertage in Deutschland, Astronomische Zeichen und Abkürzungen, Sommerzeit 2026
description: Astronomische Grundlagen für den Kalender, 2026
Constant-adiabaticity RF-pulses for generating long-lived singlet spin states in NMR
Creators: name: Rodin, Bogdan A.
name: Sheberstov, Kirill F.
name: Kiryutin, Alexey S.
name: Hill-Cousins, Joseph T.
name: Brown, Lynda J.
name: Brown, Richard C. D.
name: Jamain, Baptiste
name: Zimmermann, Herbert
name: Sagdeev, Renad Z.
name: Yurkovskaya, Alexandra V.
name: Ivanov, Konstantin L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A method is implemented to perform "fast" adiabatic variation of the spin Hamiltonian by imposing the constant adiabaticity condition. The method is applied to improve the performance of singlet-state Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) experiments, specifically, for efficient generation and readout of the singlet spin order in coupled spin pairs by applying adiabatically ramped RF-fields. Test experiments have been performed on a specially designed molecule having two strongly coupled C-13 spins and on selectively isotopically labelled glycerol having two pairs of coupled protons. Optimized RF-ramps show improved performance in comparison, for example, to linear ramps. We expect that the methods described here are useful, not only for singlet-state NMR experiments, but also for other experiments in magnetic resonance, which utilize adiabatic variation of the spin Hamiltonian.
description: 14 pages, 13 figures, 2 tables
Suppression of phospholipase D genes improves chalky grain production by high temperature during the grain-filling stage in rice
Creators: name: Yamaguchi, Takeshi
name: Yamakawa, Hiromoto
name: Nakata, Masaru
name: Kuroda, Masaharu
name: Hakata, Makoto
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Plant Biology

description: High temperature (HT) during the grain developing stage causes deleterious effects on rice quality resulting in mature grains with a chalky appearance. Phospholipase D (PLD) plays an important role in plants, including responses to environmental stresses. OsPLDα1, α3 and β2-knockdown (KD) plants showed decreased production of chalky grains at HT. HT ripening increased H2O2 accumulated in the developing grains. However, the increase was canceled by the knockdown of OsPLDβ2. Expression levels of OsCATA which is one of three rice catalase genes, in developing grains of OsPLDβ2-KD plants at 10 DAF were increased compared with that in vector-controls in HT growth conditions. Overexpression of OsCATA markedly suppressed the production of chalky grains in HT growth conditions. These results suggested that OsPLDβ2 functions as a negative regulator of the induction of OsCATA and is involved in the production of chalky grains in HT growth conditions. High temperature during the grain developing stage causes production of chalky grains in rice. OsPLDα1, α3 and β2-knockdown plants showed decreased the production
Nonlinear resonant tunneling in systems coupled to quantum reservoirs
Creators: name: Presilla, Carlo
name: Sjöstrand, Johannes
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An adiabatic approximation in terms of instantaneous resonances is developed to study the steady-state and time-dependent transport of interacting electrons in biased resonant tunneling heterostructures. The resulting model consists of quantum reservoirs coupled to regions where the system is described by nonlinear ordinary differential equations and has a general conceptual interest.
description: 4 pages, 3 postscript figures
Kronoseismology IV. Six previously unidentified waves in Saturn's middle C ring
Creators: name: Hedman, M. M.
name: Nicholson, P. D.
name: French, R. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent studies of stellar occultations observed by the Visual and Infrared Mapping Spectrometer (VIMS) onboard the Cassini spacecraft have demonstrated that multiple spiral wave structures in Saturn's rings are probably generated by normal-mode oscillations inside the planet. Wavelet-based analyses have been able to unambiguously determine both the number of spiral arms and the rotation rate of many of these patterns. However, there are many more planetary normal modes that should have resonances in the rings, implying that many normal modes do not have sufficiently large amplitudes to generate obvious ring waves. Fortunately, recent advances in wavelet analysis allow weaker wave signals to be uncovered by combining data from multiple occultations. These new analytical tools reveal that a pattern previously identified as a single spiral wave actually consists of two superimposed waves, one with 5 spiral arms rotating at 1593.6 degrees/day and one with 11 spiral arms rotating at 1450.5 degrees/day. Furthermore, a broad search for new waves revealed four previously unknown wave patterns with 6, 7, 8 and 9 spiral arms rotating around the planet at 1538.2 degrees/day, 1492.5 degrees/day, 1454.2 degrees/day and 1421.8 degrees/day, respectively. These six patterns provide precise frequencies for another six fundamental normal modes inside Saturn, yielding what is now a complete sequence of fundamental sectoral normal modes with azimuthal wavenumbers from 2 to 10. These frequencies should place strong constraints on Saturn's interior structure and rotation rate, while the relative amplitudes of these waves should help clarify how the corresponding normal modes are excited inside the planet.
description: 18 pages, 24 figures, updated to fix some typographical errors identified in proofs
title: Partial-wave contributions to pairing in nuclei
Creators: name: Baroni, Simone
name: Macchiavelli, Augusto O.
name: Schwenk, Achim
Publisher: name: IOP Publishing
Year: 2024

description: We present a detailed study of partial-wave contributions of nuclear forces to pairing in nuclei. For T = 1, J = 0 pairing, partial waves beyond the standard ¹S₀ channel play an interesting role for the pair formation in nuclei. We explore the impact of including partial waves beyond the ¹S₀ channel on the odd-even mass staggering in semi-magic isotopic chains. The additional contributions are dominated by the repulsive ³P₁ partial wave.
Measurement of the Michel Parameters in Leptonic Tau Decays
Creators: name: The OPAL Collaboration
name: al, K. Ackerstaff et
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Michel parameters of the leptonic tau decays are measured using the OPAL detector at LEP. The Michel parameters are extracted from the energy spectra of the charged decay leptons and from their energy-energy correlations. A new method involving a global likelihood fit of Monte Carlo generated events with complete detector simulation and background treatment has been applied to the data recorded at center-of-mass energies close to sqrt(s) = M(Z) corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 155 pb-1 during the years 1990 to 1995. If e-mu universality is assumed and inferring the tau polarization from neutral current data, the measured Michel parameters are extracted. Limits on non-standard coupling constants and on the masses of new gauge bosons are obtained. The results are in agreement with the V-A prediction of the Standard Model.
description: 32 pages, LaTeX, 9 eps figures included, submitted to the European Physical Journal C
Quantum Brain?
Creators: name: Mershin, A.
name: Nanopoulos, D. V.
name: Skoulakis, E. M. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In order to create a novel model of memory and brain function, we focus our approach on the sub-molecular (electron), molecular (tubulin) and macromolecular (microtubule) components of the neural cytoskeleton. Due to their size and geometry, these systems may be approached using the principles of quantum physics. We identify quantum-physics derived mechanisms conceivably underlying the integrated yet differentiated aspects of memory encoding/recall as well as the molecular basis of the engram. We treat the tubulin molecule as the fundamental computation unit (qubit) in a quantum-computational network that consists of microtubules (MTs), networks of MTs and ultimately entire neurons and neural networks. We derive experimentally testable predictions of our quantum brain hypothesis and perform experiments on these.
description: 37 pages
Achrotelium lucumae Cummins
Creators: name: Junior, Alcindo Da Silva Martins
name: Gomes, Paulo Weslem Portal
name: Sakuragui, Cássia Mônica
name: Junior, Aníbal Alves De Carvalho
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Fungi
Basidiomycota
Pucciniomycetes
Pucciniales
Chaconiaceae
Achrotelium
Achrotelium lucumae

description: Achrotelium lucumae (Arthur & J.R. Johnst.) Cummins, Mycologia 48: 601. 1956.
 Type on Lucuma nervosa DC, Dade Co., Homestead, Florida, USA, 7.II.1939, Geo. Ruehle s.n. (0/Ipe, IIpe/III).
 SPECIMENS EXAMINED— BRAZIL, PARÁ, Melgaço, Floresta Nacional de Caxiuan ã, on Sapotaceae – Pouteria macrocarpa (Mart.) C. Dietr., 15.VII.2016, II, III, A. Martins Jr & F. Vaz 168/16 (RB 756943); Pouteria macrophylla (Lam.) Eyma, A. Martins Jr & F. Vaz 171/16 (RB 756948).
 DESCRIPTION AND ILLUSTRATION: Hennen et al. (2005) and Sot ã o et al. (2009).
description: Published as part of Junior, Alcindo Da Silva Martins, Gomes, Paulo Weslem Portal, Sakuragui, Cássia Mônica & Junior, Aníbal Alves De Carvalho, 2022, Contributions to the knowledge and distribution of Pucciniales (rust fungi) in three Brazilian biomes, pp. 79-117 in Phytotaxa 577 (1) on page 93, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.577.1.4, http://zenodo.org/record/7517579
Compact, directional neutron detectors capable of high-resolution nuclear recoil imaging
Creators: name: Jaegle, I.
name: Lewis, P. M.
name: Garcia-Sciveres, M.
name: Hedges, M. T.
name: Hemperek, T.
name: Janssen, J.
name: Ji, Q.
name: Pohl, D. -L.
name: Ross, S.
name: Schueler, J.
name: Seong, I.
name: Thorpe, T. N.
name: Vahsen, S. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the design, production, and performance of compact 40-cm$^3$ Time Projection Chambers (TPCs) that detect fast neutrons by measuring the three-dimensional (3D) ionization distribution of nuclear recoils in $^4$He:CO$_2$ gas at atmospheric pressure. We use these detectors to characterize the fast-neutron flux inside the Belle II detector at the SuperKEKB electron-positron collider in Tsukuba, Japan, where the primary design constraint is a small form factor. We find that the TPCs meet or exceed all design specifications, and are capable of measuring the 3D surface shape and charge density profile of ionization clouds from nuclear recoils and charged tracks in exquisite detail. Scaled-up detectors based on the detection principle demonstrated here may be suitable for directional dark matter searches, measurements of coherent neutrino-nucleus scattering, and other experiments requiring precise detection of neutrons or nuclear recoils.
Noise of Entangled Electrons: Bunching and Antibunching
Creators: name: Burkard, Guido
name: Loss, Daniel
name: Sukhorukov, Eugene V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Addressing the feasibility of quantum communication with entangled electrons in an interacting many-body environment, we propose an interference experiment using a scattering set-up with an entangler and a beam splitter. It is shown that, due to electron-electron interaction, the fidelity of the entangled singlet and triplet states is reduced by z_F^2 in a conductor described by Fermi liquid theory. We calculate the quasiparticle weight factor z_F for a two-dimensional electron system. The current noise for electronic singlet states turns out to be enhanced (bunching behavior), while it is reduced for triplet states (antibunching). Within standard scattering theory, we find that the Fano factor (noise-to-current ratio) for singlets is twice as large as for independent classical particles and is reduced to zero for triplets.
description: Revised version v2. 4 pages, 1 figure. To appear in PRB Rapid Communications
Dynamically generated masses in supersymmetric QCD and quark mass problems
Creators: name: Yndurain, F. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider possible mechanical masses that could appear in supersymmetry, other than by direct Higgs coupling to fermions and we speculate that the existence of such a type of mass would allow one to have the Higgs mass of the $u$ quark zero, and the Higgs mass of the $d$ quark (at 1 \gev) of $\approx 1 \to 2 MeV$, thus solving at the same time the strong CP problem and arranging the grand unification prediction $m_μ/m_{e} = m_{s, Higgs}/m_{d, Higgs}.$ One possible mechanism for this is related to, but not identical with the quark condensate. Here a mass is generated which is the same for all quarks, and which adds to the Higgs type mass. Unfortunately, the numerical value of the generated mass falls short of the desired value (some 5 MeV) by orders of magnitude. An alternate mechanism, through Higgs-induced left-right couplings in the squark sector may produce masses of the correct order of magnitude if the mixing angles are diferent in the squark and quark sectors. To get the desired result for the $u$ quark mass, we need a stop component mixing of 1/20 for the $LR$ $\tilde{u}$ squark coupling, so the strong CP problem may still be solved. For the $d$ mass, this mechanism is not really sufficient to solve the grand unification mass ratio problem.
description: plain TeX file. Two figures
Aecidium guatteriae Dietel
Creators: name: Junior, Alcindo Da Silva Martins
name: Gomes, Paulo Weslem Portal
name: Sakuragui, Cássia Mônica
name: Junior, Aníbal Alves De Carvalho
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Fungi
Basidiomycota
Pucciniomycetes
Pucciniales
Chaconiaceae
Aecidium
Aecidium guatteriae

description: Aecidium guatteriae Dietel, Hedwigia 36 (1): 34 (1897).
 Type on Guatteria sp., Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais State, Brazil, no date information, Ule 1830 (0/Icv,?/?).
 SPECIMENS EXAMINED— BRAZIL, PARÁ, Melgaço, Floresta Nacional de Caxiuan ã, on Annonaceae - Guatteria sp., 19.XI.2015, 0, I, A. Martins Junior & R. Vaz 53/15 (RB 756974); 23.XI.2015, A. Martins Junior & R. Vaz 72/15 (RB 756970); A. Martins Junior & F. Vaz 202/16 (RB 756907).
 DESCRIPTION AND ILLUSTRATION: Hennen et al. (2005), Salazar-Yepes & Carvalho Jr (2010).
description: Published as part of Junior, Alcindo Da Silva Martins, Gomes, Paulo Weslem Portal, Sakuragui, Cássia Mônica & Junior, Aníbal Alves De Carvalho, 2022, Contributions to the knowledge and distribution of Pucciniales (rust fungi) in three Brazilian biomes, pp. 79-117 in Phytotaxa 577 (1) on page 93, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.577.1.4, http://zenodo.org/record/7517579
Aecidium ochraceum Speg.
Creators: name: Junior, Alcindo Da Silva Martins
name: Gomes, Paulo Weslem Portal
name: Sakuragui, Cássia Mônica
name: Junior, Aníbal Alves De Carvalho
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Fungi
Basidiomycota
Pucciniomycetes
Pucciniales
Chaconiaceae
Aecidium
Aecidium ochraceum

description: Aecidium ochraceum Speg., Revista Argentina Hist. Nat. 1: 401. 1891.    Type on Tabernaemontana australis M̧ll.  Arg., near Villa Morra, Paraguay, 1893, J. D. Anisitz 141. (?/Icv,?/?).
 SPECIMENS EXAMINED— BRAZIL, RIO DE JANEIRO, Itatiaia, Parque Nacional de Itatiaia, on Apocynaceae – Tabernaemontana sp.: RB 756975.
 DESCRIPTION AND ILLUSTRATION: Hennen et al. (2005), Salazar-Yepes & Carvalho Jr (2010).
description: Published as part of Junior, Alcindo Da Silva Martins, Gomes, Paulo Weslem Portal, Sakuragui, Cássia Mônica & Junior, Aníbal Alves De Carvalho, 2022, Contributions to the knowledge and distribution of Pucciniales (rust fungi) in three Brazilian biomes, pp. 79-117 in Phytotaxa 577 (1) on page 93, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.577.1.4, http://zenodo.org/record/7517579
Additional file 2 of Preservation of renal endothelial integrity and reduction of renal edema by aprotinin does not preserve renal perfusion and function following experimental cardiopulmonary bypass
Creators: name: Dekker, Nicole A. M.
name: van Leeuwen, Anoek L. I.
name: van Meurs, Matijs
name: Moser, Jill
name: Pankras, Jeannette E.
name: van der Wel, Nicole N.
name: Niessen, Hans W.
name: Vervloet, Marc G.
name: Vonk, Alexander B. A.
name: Hordijk, Peter L.
name: Boer, Christa
name: van den Brom, Charissa E.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Marine Biology

description: Additional file 2: Figure S1. Mean arterial pressure (B) and hematocrit levels (C) in rats during and following cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB; white boxes; n=15), CPB with aprotinin treatment (CPB+AP; red boxes; n=15), or sham rats (Sham; grey boxes n=9). Boxes and whiskers represent median, interquartile and full range, * p < 0.05 CPB vs. CPB baseline, # p < 0.05 CPB groups vs. sham. Figure S2. Renal blood volume (A), renal vascular filling velocity (B), and estimate of renal perfusion (C) measured in the right renal cortex using contrast enhanced ultrasound in sham rats (Sham; grey boxes; n=9), rats undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB; white boxes; n=15) or rats undergoing CPB with aprotinin treatment (CPB+AP; red boxes; n=15). Boxes and whiskers represent median, interquartile and full range, * p < 0.05 CPB vs. CPB baseline, # p < 0.05 CPB vs. sham. Figure S3. Plasma concentrations of renal injury molecules NGAL (A), KIM-1 (B), and creatinine (C) measured 1 hour (1h) after weaning from CPB. Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation. A black bar represents p < 0.05 CPB vs sham. CPB, cardiopulmonary bypass; NGAL, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin; KIM-1, kidney injury molecule-1.
CRISPR evolution and bacteriophage persistence in the context of population bottlenecks
Creators: name: Common, Jack
name: Edze R. Westra
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Population bottlenecks often cause strong reductions in genetic diversity and alter population structure. In the context of host-parasite interactions, bottlenecks could in theory benefit either the host or the pathogen. We predicted that bottlenecking of bacterial populations that evolve CRISPR immunity against bacteriophages (phage) would benefit the pathogen, because CRISPR spacer diversity can rapidly drive phages extinct. To test this, we bottlenecked populations of bacteria and phage, tracking phage persistence and the evolution of bacterial resistance mechanisms. Contrary to our prediction, bottlenecking worked in the advantage of the host. With some possible exceptions, this effect was not caused by CRISPR immunity. This host benefit is consistent with a dilution effect disproportionately affecting phage. This study provides further insight into how bottlenecking influences bacteria-phage dynamics, the role of dilution in bacteria-phage interactions, and the evolution of host immune systems.