cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Universal Quantum Gate, Yang--Baxterization and Hamiltonian
Creators: name: Zhang, Yong
name: Kauffman, Louis H.
name: Ge, Mo-Lin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is fundamental to view unitary braiding operators describing topological entanglements as universal quantum gates for quantum computation. This paper derives a unitary solution of the Quantum Yang--Baxter equation via Yang--Baxterization and constructs the Hamiltonian responsible for the time-evolution of the unitary braiding operator.
description: v1, 11 pages; v2, 11 pages; v3, 12 pages, additional comments; v4, 10 pages; v5, published version
High-power and narrow-linewidth laser on thin-film lithium niobate enabled by photonic wire bonding
Creators: name: Franken, Cornelis A. A.
name: Cheng, Rebecca
name: Powell, Keith
name: Kyriazidis, Georgios
name: Rosborough, Victoria
name: Musolf, Juergen
name: Shah, Maximilian
name: Barton, David R.
name: Hills, Gage
name: Johansson, Leif
name: Boller, Klaus-J.
name: Lončar, Marko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Thin-film lithium niobate (TFLN) has emerged as a promising platform for the realization of high performance chip-scale optical systems, spanning a range of applications from optical communications to microwave photonics. Such applications rely on the integration of multiple components onto a single platform. However, while many of these components have already been demonstrated on the TFLN platform, to date, a major bottleneck of the platform is the existence of a tunable, high-power, and narrow-linewidth on-chip laser. Here, we address this problem using photonic wire bonding to integrate optical amplifiers with a thin-film lithium niobate feedback circuit, and demonstrate an extended cavity diode laser yielding high on-chip power of 78 mW, side mode suppression larger than 60 dB and wide wavelength tunability over 43 nm. The laser frequency stability over short timescales shows an ultra-narrow intrinsic linewidth of 550 Hz. Long-term recordings indicate a high passive stability of the photonic wire bonded laser with 58 hours of mode-hop-free operation, with a trend in the frequency drift of only 4.4 MHz/h. This work verifies photonic wire bonding as a viable integration solution for high performance on-chip lasers, opening the path to system level upscaling and Watt-level output powers.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures; updated long-term stability measurements with new and improved data
Multiple layer local oxidation for fabricating semiconductor nanostructures
Creators: name: Sigrist, M.
name: Fuhrer, A.
name: Ihn, T.
name: Ensslin, K.
name: Driscoll, D. C.
name: Gossard, A. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Coupled semiconductor nanostructures with a high degree of tunability are fabricated using local oxidation with a scanning force microscope. Direct oxidation of the GaAs surface of a Ga[Al]As heterostructure containing a shallow two-dimensional electron gas is combined with the local oxidation of a thin titanium film evaporated on top. A four-terminal quantum dot and a double quantum dot system with integrated charge readout are realized. The structures are tunable via in-plane gates formed by isolated regions in the electron gas and by mutually isolated regions of the Ti film acting as top gates. Coulomb blockade experiments demonstrate the high quality of this fabrication process.
description: 3 pages, 3 figures
Chandra View of the LINER-type Nucleus in the Radio-Loud Galaxy CGCG 292-057: Ionized Iron Line and Jet-ISM Interactions
Creators: name: Balasubramaniam, K.
name: Stawarz, L.
name: Marchenko, V.
name: Sobolewska, M.
name: Cheung, C. C.
name: Siemiginowska, A.
name: Thimmappa, R.
name: Kosmaczewski, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an analysis of the new, deep (94\,ksec) {\it Chandra} ACIS-S observation of radio-loud active galaxy CGCG\,292$-$057, characterized by a LINER-type nucleus and a complex radio structure that indicates intermittent jet activity. On the scale of the host galaxy bulge, we detected excess X-ray emission with a spectrum best fit by a thermal plasma model with a temperature of $\sim 0.8$\,keV. We argue that this excess emission results from compression and heating of the hot diffuse fraction of the interstellar medium displaced by the expanding inner, $\sim 20$\, kpc-scale lobes observed in this restarted radio galaxy. The nuclear X-ray spectrum of the target clearly displays an ionized iron line at $\sim 6.7$\,keV, and is best fitted with a phenomenological model consisting of a power-law (photon index $\simeq 1.8$) continuum absorbed by a relatively large amount of cold matter (hydrogen column density $\simeq 0.7 \times 10^{23}$\,cm$^{-2}$), and partly scattered (fraction $\sim 3\%$) by ionized gas, giving rise to a soft excess component and K$α$ line from iron ions. We demonstrate that the observed X-ray spectrum, particularly the equivalent width of Fe\,\texttt{XXV} K$α$ (of order $0.3$\,keV) can in principle, be explained in a scenario involving a Compton-thin gas located at the scale of the broad-lined region in this source and photoionized by nuclear illumination. We compare the general spectral properties of the CGCG\,292$-$057 nucleus, with those of other nearby LINERs studied in X-rays.
description: revised version, accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
Radiative Effects on the Chiral Square
Creators: name: Ponton, Eduardo
name: Wang, Lin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider general field theories in six dimensions, with two of the dimensions compactified on a T_{2}/Z_{4} orbifold. Six-dimensional Weyl fermions propagating on this background give rise to a chiral zero-mode, which makes them interesting for phenomenological applications. The compact two-dimensional space is flat and has three conical singularities. We consider the one-loop structure of these theories, and show that the presence of logarithmic divergences requires the introduction of counterterms precisely at these three singular points. We also show that the corresponding localized operators are rotationally symmetric in the plane of the two extra dimensions, as expected from the geometry about the singularities. We derive the propagators for spin-0, spin-1/2 and spin-1 fields in momentum space, in such a way that the appropriate boundary conditions are satisfied. This allows us to efficiently calculate loop diagrams in any given model. We give general expressions for the mass splittings among Kaluza-Klein modes within a given level. Our results can also be used to obtain interesting KK-parity preserving interactions among Kaluza-Klein modes. We pay special attention to the components of six-dimensional gauge fields that transform as scalars under the four-dimensional Lorentz group. These states provide a characteristic signature for these scenarios. In particular, we find that they can easily be the lightest particles in the Kaluza-Klein spectrum.
description: 70 pages, 15 figures
Charge stripes in cuprate superconductors: The middle way
Creators: name: Tranquada, J. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Charge and spin stripe order is a type of electronic crystal observed in certain layered cuprates associated with high-temperature superconductivity. Quantum-disordered stripes could be relevant for understanding the superconductivity. Here I discuss recent experimental characterizations of the stripe-ordered state in La(1.875)Ba(0.125)CuO(4), and compare them with properties of superconducting compositions.
description: 6 pp., submitted to the proceedings of ECRYS 2005, J. Phys. IV
Ultrafast spin-nematic and ferroelectric phase transitions induced by femto-second light pulses
Creators: name: Rajpurohit, Sangeeta
name: Tan, Liang Z.
name: Jooss, Christian
name: Blöchl, P. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Optically-induced phase transitions of the manganite $\rm Pr_{1/3}Ca_{2/3}MnO_3$ have been simulated using a model Hamiltonian, that captures the dynamics of strongly correlated charge, orbital, lattice, and spin degrees of freedom. Its parameters have been extracted from first-principles calculations. Beyond a critical intensity of a femto-second light pulse, the material undergoes ultra-fast and non-thermal magnetic phase transition from a non-collinear to collinear antiferromagnetic phases. The light-pulse excites selectively either a spin-nematic or a ferroelectric phase depending on the light-polarization. The behavior can be traced to an optically induced ferromagnetic coupling between Mn-trimers, i.e. polarons which are delocalized over three Mn-sites. The polarization guides the polymerization of the polaronic crystal into distinct patterns of ferromagnetic chains determining the target phase.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Nucleon correlations and Higher Twist effects in nuclear structure functions
Creators: name: Castorina, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The overlap of the nucleons in nuclei plays an important role in understanding the nuclear dependence of deep inelastic scattering data. It is shown that the nuclear modification of the higher twist scale can be essentially determined by the overlapping volume per nucleon and this effect gives a large contribution to nuclear shadowing for small $x$ and low $Q^2$. In this kinematical region there is also a moderate enhancement of the longitudinal structure function in nuclei.
Efficient Robust Dispatch of Combined Heat and Power Systems
Creators: name: Jiang, Yibao
name: Wan, Can
name: Botterud, Audun
name: Song, Yonghua
name: Dong, Zhao Yang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Combined heat and power systems facilitate efficient interactions between individual energy sectors for higher renewable energy accommodation. However, the feasibility of operational strategies is difficult to guarantee due to the presence of substantial uncertainties pertinent to renewable energy and multi-energy loads. This paper proposes a novel efficient robust dispatch model of combined heat and power systems based on extensions of disturbance invariant sets. The approach has high computational efficiency and provides flexible and robust strategies with an adjustable level of conservativeness. In particular, the proposed robust dispatch method obtains operational strategies by solving a nominal uncertainty-free dispatch problem, whose complexity is identical to a deterministic problem. The robustness against uncertainties is enhanced by endowing the nominal dispatch model with properly tightened constraints considering time-variant uncertainty sets. Towards this end, a novel direct constraint tightening algorithm is developed based on the dual norm to calculate multi-period tightened constraints efficiently without linear programming iterations. Furthermore, the budget uncertainty set is newly combined with constraint tightening to flexibly adjust the conservativeness level of robust solutions. The effectiveness of the proposed robust method is demonstrated in simulation studies of a test system in terms of computational efficiency, decision robustness and cost optimality.
description: 8 pages, 12 figures
Fermi gas approach to general rank theories and quantum curves
Creators: name: Kubo, Naotaka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is known that matrix models computing the partition functions of three-dimensional $\mathcal{N}=4$ superconformal Chern-Simons theories described by circular quiver diagrams can be written as the partition functions of ideal Fermi gases when all the nodes have equal ranks. We extend this approach to rank deformed theories. The resulting matrix models factorize into factors depending only on the relative ranks in addition to the Fermi gas factors. We find that this factorization plays a critical role in showing the equality of the partition functions of dual theories related by the Hanany-Witten transition. Furthermore, we show that the inverses of the density matrices of the ideal Fermi gases can be simplified and regarded as quantum curves as in the case without rank deformations. We also comment on four nodes theories using our results.
description: 51 pages, 1 figure
Additional file 4 of Microbial profiling of black soldier fly larvae reared on substrates supplemented with different mineral sources originating from phosphorus recycling technologies
Creators: name: Reyer, Henry
name: Mielenz, Manfred
name: Daş, Gürbüz
name: Metges, Cornelia C.
name: Wimmers, Klaus
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 4.
Towards a statistical theory of transport by strongly-interacting lattice fermions
Creators: name: Mukerjee, Subroto
name: Oganesyan, Vadim
name: Huse, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a study of electric transport at high temperature in a model of strongly interacting spinless fermions without disorder. We use exact diagonalization to study the statistics of the energy eigenvalues, eigenstates, and the matrix elements of the current. These suggest that our nonrandom Hamiltonian behaves like a member of a certain ensemble of Gaussian random matrices. We calculate the conductivity $σ(ω)$ and examine its behavior, both in finite size samples and as extrapolated to the thermodynamic limit. We find that $σ(ω)$ has a prominent non-divergent singularity at $ω=0$ reflecting a power-law long-time tail in the current autocorrelation function that arises from nonlinear couplings between the long-wavelength diffusive modes of the energy and particle number.
The Effectiveness of the Rewind Technique in Treating PTSD Symptoms of Intrusiveness and Avoidance in Violence Survivors
Creators: name: Meneghini, Anna Maria
name: Poletti, Sergio
name: Morandini, Sofia
name: Muss, David
Publisher: name: Mediterranean Journal of Clinical Psychology
Year: 2023
Subjects: Rewind Technique; PTSD; anti-violence centers; Clinical Psychology.

description: Objective: Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is a disorder that dramatically affects the lives of many individuals and negatively impacts public health. Treating PTSD symptoms is often time-consuming, and exhausting for both victim and therapist. This article describes the initial results of a study aimed to test the three-month effectiveness of the Rewind Technique. The Rewind Technique is a therapy shown to reduce PTSD symptoms of Intrusiveness and Avoidance in one (in most cases) to three sessions without the victim being required to disclose details of the traumatic event. Being trauma-focused, the protocol aims to prevent the patient's involuntary recall (internal and external triggers) thus decreasing feelings of fear and anxiety yet retaining voluntary recall. 


Method: Participants (N = 15; Mage = 36.13; 100% female) were recruited at a local anti-violence center. The study has a longitudinal design with four sections. In addition to the treatment section, three assessment sections have been devoted to detecting PTSD symptoms through the PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5) and the Impact Event Scale (IES). The participants’ symptoms have been assessed before and two times after treatment (two weeks and three months after).


Results: The data collected revealed that, irrespective of time from the traumatic event, thirteen (86.67%) of the fifteen women involved in the study had clinically significant reductions in PTSD symptoms two weeks after the treatment as it was equal to or greater than 7 points (i.e., clinically significant change). In addition, the comparison between PCL-5 scores pre- and three months after the treatment showed that, on average, at the last assessment, the score was significantly lower (z = -3.408; p.001) and that 60% of the participants reported no diagnosis of PTSD.

Conclusion: Our results suggest that Rewind Technique is a particularly suitable technique to be used in contexts such as anti-violence centers, thanks to its features being fast, effective long term, and easy to impart. Despite limitations (i.e., low number of subjects involved, no use of a control group, only one psychologist treated all the participants), we hope that these encouraging results will prompt therapists and researchers to collect further evidence.
description: Mediterranean Journal of Clinical Psychology, Vol 11, No 3 (2023)
118 Jurnal Krisna & Dr Tuty BMJ.pdf
Creators: name: Jaya, Made Krisna Adi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 111503 Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Background: Neuropathy in diabetes mellitus is a disorder that occurs in the peripheral nervoussystem. Diabetic neuropathy is more prevalent in elderly (44%) compared to adult (24%). The mostcommonly used agent in diabetic neuropathy are Amitriptyline and Gabapentin, mostly to treat theneuropathic pain. However, there were variations in the results of the studies that have been donerelated to safety between both drugs. Thus, further research is needed to confirm the safety of bothdrugs in diabetic neuropathy treatment especially in geriatrics patients. Objective: The aim of thisstudy was to compare the safety of Amitriptyline versus Gabapentin administration for diabeticneuropathic pain in geriatric. Methods: A prospective cohort study involving 70 elderlies wereobserved during 4 weeks. The outcome targets were incidence of side effect and comparisonincidence of side effect between both drugs. Non-parametric Mann Whitney U, Chi-Square, andFisher’s Exact test were used to analyze the outcome. Result: Most side effects have appeared in thegroup Amitriptyline is a dry mouth followed by sedation / drowsiness, fatigue, dizziness, andconstipation. In the group of Gabapentin, the incidence of adverse events that most often arises issedation (sleepiness) followed by dizziness, dry mouth, and fatigue. Low doses administrationshowed that Amitriptyline has significantly greater adverse effects (p < 0.05) compared withGabapentin. However, no significant differences were found in therapeutic dose (p > 0.05).Conclusion: The incidence of adverse events was more common in geriatric patients receivingAmitriptyline compared to Gabapentin.
DFSZ Axion Couplings Revisited
Creators: name: Sun, Jin
name: He, Xiao-Gang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Among many possibilities, solar axion has been proposed to explain the electronic recoil events excess observed by Xenon1T collaboration, although it has tension with astrophysical observations. The axion couplings, to photon $g_{aγ}$ and to electron $g_{ae}$ play important roles. These couplings are related to the Peccei-Quinn (PQ) charges $X_f$ for fermions. In most of the calculations, $g_{aγ}$ is obtained by normalizing to the ratio of electromagnetic anomaly factor $E = TrX_f Q^2_f N_c$ ($N_c$ is 3 and 1 for quarks and charged leptons respectively) and QCD anomaly factor $N = TrX_q T(q)$ ($T(q)$ is quarks' $SU(3)_c$ index). The broken PQ symmetry generator is used in the calculation which does not seem to extract out the components of broken generator in the axion which are "eaten" by the $Z$ boson. However, using the physical components of axion or the ratio of anomaly factors should obtain the same results in the DFSZ for $g_{aγ}$. When going beyond the standard DFSZ models, such as variant DFSZ models, where more Higgs doublets and fermions have different PQ charges, one may wonder if the results are different. We show that the two methods obtain the same results as expected, but the axion couplings to quarks and leptons $g_{af}$ (here f indicates one of the fermions in the SM) are more conveniently calculated in the physical axion basis. The result depends on the values of the vacuum expectation values leading to a wider parameter space for $g_{af}$ in beyond the standard DFSZ axion. We also show explicitly how flavor conserving $g_{af}$ couplings can be maintained when there are more than one Higgs doublets couple to the up and down fermion sectors in variant DFSZ models at tree level, and how flavor violating couplings can arise.
description: Title modified and materials added. Version to appear in PLB
Additional file 5 of Microbial profiling of black soldier fly larvae reared on substrates supplemented with different mineral sources originating from phosphorus recycling technologies
Creators: name: Reyer, Henry
name: Mielenz, Manfred
name: Daş, Gürbüz
name: Metges, Cornelia C.
name: Wimmers, Klaus
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 5.
Interference of difficulties in mindful acceptance and emotional intelligence, added to perseverative negative thinking, in emotional balance: A study with a low/high emotional symptomatology clinical sample
Creators: name: Magalhães, Teresa
name: Teixeira, Ricardo João
name: Vitória, Paulo
name: Nunes, Célia
name: Meireles, Ana
name: Vaz Marques, Mariana
name: Carvalho, Frederica
name: Brandão, Tânia
Publisher: name: Mediterranean Journal of Clinical Psychology
Year: 2023
Subjects: Mindfulness; Emotional intelligence; Perseverative negative thinking; Emotional symptomatology; Mental health; Clinical psychology.

description: Background: Mental health conditions, that exhibit high prevalence within the Portuguese population, can impact individuals' functioning and adversely affect their performance across various aspects of life. Thus, it is crucial to enhance our comprehension of the psychological processes that contribute to the onset or persistence of mental health problems. Recent studies have indicated that mindfulness, emotional intelligence, and perseverative negative thinking could potentially influence emotional symptomatology. However, their relationships and the extent of their association with psychopathology symptoms remain unclear. This study aimed to examine the relationship between mindfulness, perseverative negative thinking, emotional intelligence, sociodemographic factors, and the symptoms reported by patients attending a Portuguese mental health clinic. We expect that lower levels of mindfulness and emotional intelligence along with the presence of perseverative negative thinking would contribute to explain the emotional symptomatology experienced by these patients.


Participants and procedure: The clinical sample included 390 individuals (M age = 34.33; SD = 9.99; 66.4% women) receiving cognitive-behavioral therapy at a Portuguese mental health clinic. They completed a self-report questionnaire with scales assessing mindfulness (Philadelphia Mindfulness Scale), perseverative negative thinking (Perseverative Thinking Questionnaire), emotional intelligence (Wong and Law Emotional Intelligence Scale), and emotional symptomatology (Brief Symptom Inventory).


Results: The results of the logistic regression model revealed two important findings. Firstly, a negative association between mindfulness (specifically acceptance) and emotional intelligence (particularly the use of emotions and emotion regulation) with emotional symptoms among the patients. Secondly, higher levels of perseverative negative thinking (specifically interference and unproductivity) were linked to a greater manifestation of emotional symptoms.


Conclusions: The incorporation of mindfulness, emotional regulation and management of perseverative negative thinking might be considered as contributes to improve results on clinical interventions for patients dealing with emotional symptomatology.
description: Mediterranean Journal of Clinical Psychology, Vol 11, No 3 (2023)
Chiral gravitational waves and primordial black holes in UV-protected Natural Inflation
Creators: name: Almeida, Juan P. Beltrán
name: Bernal, Nicolás
name: Bettoni, Dario
name: Rubio, Javier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider an UV-protected Natural Inflation scenario involving Chern-Simons-like interactions between the inflaton and some beyond the Standard Model gauge fields. The accelerated expansion of the Universe is supported by a combination of a gravitationally-enhanced friction sensitive to the scale of inflation and quantum friction effects associated with the explosive production of gauge fluctuations. The synergy of these two velocity-restraining mechanisms allows for: $i)$ Natural Inflation potentials involving only sub-Planckian coupling constants, $ii)$ the generation of a dark matter component in the form of primordial black holes, and $iii)$ a potentially observable background of chiral gravitational waves at small scales.
description: Some clarifying comments added, 1 figure added and 1 figure modified. Several references added. Matches published version
Topological band and superconductivity in UTe$_2$
Creators: name: Shishidou, Tatsuya
name: Suh, Han Gyeol
name: Brydon, P. M. R.
name: Weinert, Michael
name: Agterberg, Daniel F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: UTe$_2$ has recently been found to be a likely spin-triplet superconductor that exhibits evidence for chiral Majorana edge states. A characteristic structural feature of UTe$_2$ is inversion-symmetry related pairs of U atoms, forming rungs of ladders. Here we show how each rung's two sublattice degrees of freedom play a key role in understanding the electronic structure and the origin of superconductivity. In particular, we show that DFT+$U$ calculations generically reveal a topological band that originates from a band inversion associated with $5f$ electrons residing on these rung sublattice degrees of freedom. Furthermore, we show that a previously identified strong ferromagnetic interaction within a U-U rung leads to a pseudospin-triplet superconducting state that can account for a non-zero polar Kerr angle, observed magnetic field-temperature phase diagrams, and nodal Weyl fermions. Our analysis may also be relevant for other U-based superconductors.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures
Low-frequency Current Fluctuations in Individual Semiconducting Single-Wall Carbon Nanotubes
Creators: name: Lin, Yu-Ming
name: Appenzeller, Joerg
name: Knoch, Joachin
name: Chen, Zhihong
name: Avouris, Phaedon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a systematic study on low-frequency current fluctuations of nano-devices consisting of one single semiconducting nanotube, which exhibit significant 1/f-type noise. By examining devices with different switching mechanisms, carrier types (electrons vs. holes), and channel lengths, we show that the 1/f fluctuation level in semiconducting nanotubes is correlated to the total number of transport carriers present in the system. However, the 1/f noise level per carrier is not larger than that of most bulk conventional semiconductors, e.g. Si. The pronounced noise level observed in nanotube devices simply reflects on the small number of carriers involved in transport. These results not only provide the basis to quantify the noise behavior in a one-dimensional transport system, but also suggest a valuable way to characterize low-dimensional nanostructures based on the 1/f fluctuation phenomenon.
Can $\overline{\rm { MS}}$ parton distributions be negative?
Creators: name: Candido, Alessandro
name: Forte, Stefano
name: Hekhorn, Felix
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is common lore that Parton Distribution Functions (PDFs) in the $\overline{\rm { MS}}$ factorization scheme can become negative beyond leading order due to the collinear subtraction which is needed in order to define partonic cross sections. We show that this is in fact not the case and next-to-leading order (NLO) $\overline{\rm { MS}}$ PDFs are actually positive in the perturbative regime. In order to prove this, we modify the subtraction prescription, and perform the collinear subtraction in such a way that partonic cross sections remain positive. This defines a factorization scheme in which PDFs are positive. We then show that positivity of the PDFs is preserved when transforming from this scheme to $\overline{\rm { MS}}$, provided only the strong coupling is in the perturbative regime, such that the NLO scheme change is smaller than the LO term.
description: 28 pages, 4 figures. Final version, to be published in JHEP. Factorization argument in sect. 2 (pag. 4-5); perturbativity argument on pag. 17; and heavy quark discussion on pag. 25 expanded and clarified; subsection 3.1.3 on scale dependence added; various further small clarifications and improvements
Notes on islands in asymptotically flat 2d dilaton black holes
Creators: name: Anegawa, Takanori
name: Iizuka, Norihiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the islands and the Page curve in the 1+1-dimensional eternal dilaton black hole models. Without islands, the entanglement entropy of the radiation grows linearly at late time. However with an island, its growth stops at the value of almost twice of the black hole entropy. Therefore an island emerges at the late time, and the entanglement entropy of the radiation shows the Page curve.
description: 15 pages, 3 figures. v2: name of the black hole corrected. physics unchanged. references added
Implementation of conditional source-term estimation for the prediction of methane ignition
Creators: name: Blair, C. W.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: 'Implementation of Conditional Source-term Estimation for the Prediction of Methane Ignition' The Laminar Flamelet Decomposition approach to Conditional Source-term Estimation is a recent development in combustion modeling that approximates the conditional averages of scalars as linear combinations of basis functions obtained from a library of unsteady solutions to the classical flamelet equations. Then an integral equation for a single scalar is inverted and solved for the weighting function of the basis functions. This weighting function is then used to obtain closure for the chemical source terms in the transport equations. Many parameters affect the solution of the Conditional Source-term Estimation method including the solution technique for inverting the integral equation; the number of solutions in the flamelet library; and the scalar used for the integral equation. The first part of this research investigated these parameters to optimize the solution for the Conditional Source-term Estimation. This is accomplished in the a priori sense by comparison to Direct Numerical Simulations of a simple turbulent flame. The second part of this work implemented Conditional Source-term Estimation into the commercially available multi-dimensional combustion software, KIVA-II by replacing the existing ignition mechanism. The model was used to predict the ignition of methane for different initial temperatures and compared to experimental results. The predicted ignition delay times were shorter than the experimental results but exhibited similar trends.
Multi-Throat Brane Inflation
Creators: name: Chen, Xingang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a scenario where brane inflation arises more generically. We start with D3 and anti-D3-branes at the infrared ends of two different throats. This setup is a natural consequence of the assumption that in the beginning we have a multi-throat string compactification with many wandering anti-D3-branes. A long period of inflation is triggered when D3-branes slowly exit the highly warped infrared region, under a potential generically arising from the moduli stabilization. In this scenario, the usual slow-roll conditions are not required, and a large warping is allowed to incorporate the Randall-Sundrum model.
description: 11 pages; v3: minor revision, PRD version
NNLO PDFs driven by top-quark data
Creators: name: Alekhin, S.
name: Garzelli, M. V.
name: Moch, S. -O.
name: Zenaiev, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the impact of state-of-the-art top-quark data collected at the Large Hadron Collider on parton distribution functions (PDFs). Following the ABMP methodology, the fit extracts simultaneously proton PDFs, the strong coupling $α_s(M_Z)$ and heavy-quark masses at next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO) accuracy in QCD. It includes recent high-statistics data on absolute total inclusive cross sections for $t\bar{t}+X$, the sum of $(t + X)$ and $(\bar{t} + X)$ hadroproduction, and normalized inclusive data double-differential in the invariant mass and rapidity of the $t\bar{t}$ pair at $\sqrt{S}=13$ TeV. The gluon PDF at large $x$ and the top-quark mass value derived from these data are well compatible with the previous ABMP16 results, but with significantly smaller uncertainties, reduced by up to a factor of two. At NNLO in QCD we obtain for the strong coupling the value $α_s^{(n_f=5)}(M_Z)= 0.1150 \pm 0.0009$ and for the top-quark mass in the ${\overline{\mbox{MS}}}$-scheme $m_t(m_t) = 160.6 \pm 0.6$ GeV, corresponding to $m_t^{\rm pole} = 170.2 \pm 0.7$ GeV in the on-shell scheme. The new fit, dubbed ABMPtt, is publicly released in grids in LHAPDF format.
description: 33 pages, 22 figures, 4 tables, interpolation tables for top-antitop production available at https://ploughshare.web.cern.ch v2: minor revision accounting for the comments of the Referee, to be published in EPJC
Analysing the South African table grape industry within a partial equilibrium framework
Creators: name: Reynolds, Sanri
name: Reynolds, Sanri
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: partial equilibrium
subject: table grape industry
subject: projections

description: This paper presents a partial equilibrium model for the South African table grape industry, focussing on the fresh market segments. The model is a dynamic recursive model solving various equations simultaneously, reaching a state of equilibrium once total production equals total demand and equilibrium is established in the export- and domestic market for fresh grapes. Results over the next eight years are presented in the form of a baseline outlook and two “what if” questions. Answering these questions quantifies the sensitivity of the export price to changes in demand and supply. The model is housed and maintained in the Bureau for Food and Agricultural Policy at the Western Cape Department of Agriculture and Universities of Pretoria and Stellenbosch.
Design of quasi-lateral p-n junction for optical spin-detection in low-dimensional systems
Creators: name: Kaestner, B.
name: Hasko, D. G.
name: Williams, D. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A technology is reviewed which allows one to produce quasi-lateral 2D electron and hole gas junctions of arbitrary shape. It may be implemented in a variety of semiconductor heterostructures. Here we concentrate on its realization in the GaAs/AlGaAs material system and discuss the possibility to use this structure for optical spin detection in low-dimensional systems.
description: Extract from PhD dissertation, 18 pages, 9 figures
Impact of market deregulation on the competitiveness of commercial milk producers in East Griqualand: a unit cost ratio (UCR) analysis: 1983-2006
Creators: name: Du Toit, J.P.
name: Ortmann, Gerald F.
name: Du Toit, J.P.
name: Ortmann, Gerald F.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: dairy market deregulation
subject: East Griqualand milk producers
subject: competitiveness
subject: unit cost ratio analysis

description: This study investigates the impact of dairy market deregulation on the competitiveness of milk producers who comprise the East Griqualand (EG) study group in KwaZulu-Natal and the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa. The study uses a microeconomic approach, the unit cost ratio (UCR) method of competitiveness analysis, to assess changes in the relative competitiveness of EG milk producers from 1983 – 2006. Findings of previous research indicate that dairy market deregulation in the 1980s and 1990s caused lower real milk producer prices, increased uncertainty and higher exit rates in the South African dairy industry. Results of the UCR analysis suggest that EG milk producers were not competitive based on the net local price received for milk but were competitive when dairy cattle trading income was included. This suggests that dairy cattle trading income played an important role in enhancing the profitability of EG dairy enterprises in the study period. Further UCR analysis revealed that the top one-third of EG milk producers were relatively competitive from 1983 – 2006 due to higher real milk prices and lower unit costs. A panel data study of individual EG milk producers could be used to identify other important factors affecting milk producer competitiveness over time.
Meson decay in the Fock-Tani Formalism
Creators: name: da Silva, D. T.
name: da Silva, M. L. L.
name: Hadjimichef, D.
name: Vasconcellos, C. A. Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Fock-Tani formalism is a first principle method to obtain effective interactions from microscopic Hamiltonians. Usually this formalism was applied to scattering, here we introduced it to calculate partial decay widths for mesons.
description: Presented at HADRON05 XI. "International Conference on Hadron Spectroscopy" Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, August 21 to 26, 2005
Working memory training with technological innovation in older adults with mild neurocognitive disorder: a systematic review using ToS (Tree of Science) methodology
Creators: name: Martinez Morales, Danicza
name: Montoya Arenas, David Andrés
name: Landinez Martínez, Daniel Alfredo
Publisher: name: Mediterranean Journal of Clinical Psychology
Year: 2023
Subjects: Mild neurocognitive disorder; Cognitive rehabilitation; Working memory; Innovation; Technology.

description: Objective: Working memory training has shown both physical and cognitive benefits in aging population. However, these gains are not clear after brain injury and mild cognitive disorder. Thus, the aim of this study is to identify the current state of the scientific literature on technology-mediated working memory training in adults with mild neurocognitive impairment.


Methods: A systematic review was performed, following the PRISMA guidelines in English language in the Scopus, Web of Science and Pubmed databases. We included articles that were experimental studies, from the last 7 years, with older adults, in English language and studies related to working memory training in patients with minor neurocognitive disorder, and excluded those that had a different methodological design, were studies with incomplete information, were subjective and not interpretable and studies in patients with severe neurological diseases and psychiatric diseases.


Results: A total of 745 articles were identified, 675 were eliminated after reading the title, abstract and keywords because they did not fit the specificity of the research topic or the population, and after applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, 1334 articles were eliminated, and 70 were evaluated for eligibility, and of these only 30 met the quality criteria.

Conclusion: Neurological changes in mild neurocognitive impairment reduce the ability to simultaneously maintain and process information to perform complex tasks.  The findings of the systematic review support the sensitivity and ecological validity of neuropsychological rehabilitation mediated by virtual reality, computerized training, video games and robotics in working memory training in adults with mild neurocognitive disorder because it represents a protective factor for mental health, allowing brain stimulation and the development of skills that favor social interaction, problem solving and maintenance of cognitive reserve.
description: Mediterranean Journal of Clinical Psychology, Vol 11, No 3 (2023)
Size is Everything: Universal Features of Quasar Microlensing with Extended Sources
Creators: name: Mortonson, Michael J.
name: Schechter, Paul L.
name: Wambsganss, Joachim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the effect that the shape of the source brightness profile has on the magnitude fluctuations of images in quasar lens systems due to microlensing. We do this by convolving a variety of accretion disk models (including Gaussian disks, uniform disks, "cones," and a Shakura-Sunyaev thermal model) with two magnification maps in the source plane, one with convergence kappa = 0.4 and shear gamma = 0.4 (positive parity), and the other with kappa = gamma = 0.6 (negative parity). By looking at magnification histograms of the convolutions and using chi-squared tests to determine the number of observations that would be necessary to distinguish histograms associated with different disk models, we find that, for circular disk models, the microlensing fluctuations are relatively insensitive to all properties of the models except the half-light radius of the disk. Shakura-Sunyaev models are sufficiently well constrained by observed quasar properties that we can estimate the half-light radius at optical wavelengths for a typical quasar. If Shakura-Sunyaev models are appropriate, the half-light radii are very much smaller than the Einstein rings of intervening stars and the quasar can be reasonably taken to be a point source except in the immediate vicinity of caustic crossing events.
description: 27 pages, 11 figures; accepted for publication in ApJ; added section 4.3, Physical Values for Typical Quasars
Logistical estimation of the probability of mainstream market participation among small-scale livestock farmers: a case study of the Northern Cape province
Creators: name: Uchezuba, I.D.
name: Moshabele, E.
name: Digopo, D.
name: Uchezuba, I.D.
name: Moshabele, E.
name: Digopo, D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: speculators
subject: partial effects
subject: conditional probability
subject: market participation
subject: mainstream market

description: Livestock farming significantly contributes to income generation and the improvement of the livelihoods of the rural poor in the Northern Cape. However, profitability and sustainability in the sector are constrained by low returns to investment due to a number of factors. The study investigates the factors influencing mainstream market participation among small-scale farmers in the five districts of the province. The main aim is to calculate the probability of small-scale farmers selling their livestock to more profitable mainstream markets, for example auction pens, against the odds of selling to informal speculators. A binary logistic regression model is applied to primary data collected from 60 sampled households in the districts of Kgalagadi, Pixley ka Seme, Frances Baard, Siyanda and Namakua. The partial effects of the conditional probability of selling livestock to mainstream markets and the impact of changes to the variables on the probability of selling to formal markets are estimated. The results show that farming experience, extension visits and infrastructure have a profoundly positive effect on the probability of small-scale farmers marketing their animals to the mainstream markets. On the other hand, household size, distance to the nearest market, and whether or not farmers have outstanding debts have a negative impact on the probability of them selling their animals to the formal markets. A unit increase in the farmer’s debts, household size and distance to nearest market decreases the probability of profitable operation by 69.84%, 9.04% and 2.79% respectively. This result implies that an intervention policy is needed to alleviate these constraints that are impeding participation in the mainstream markets.
Additional file 1 of Promoting the transition from pyroptosis to apoptosis in endothelial cells: a novel approach to alleviate methylglyoxal-induced vascular damage
Creators: name: Yuan, Ruqiang
name: Xu, Hu
name: Wang, Mingqi
name: Guo, Lina
name: Yao, Yang
name: Zhang, Xiaoru
name: Wang, Xiuli
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: Supplementary Material 1
Gamow-Teller transitions and the spin EMC effect: the Bjorken sum-rule in medium
Creators: name: Bass, Steven D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gamow-Teller transitions in nuclei tell us that the nucleon's axial charge $g_A^{(3)}$ is quenched in large nuclei by about 20%. This result tells us that the spin structure of the nucleon is modified in nuclei and disfavours models of the medium dependence of parton structure based only on nucleon short range correlations in nuclei. For polarized photoproduction the Gerasimov-Drell-Hearn integral is expected to be strongly enhanced in medium.
description: 5 pages