Mongoliana recurrens Butler 1875
Creators: name: Meng, Rui
name: Wang, Yinglun
name: Qin, Daozheng
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Issidae
Mongoliana
Mongoliana recurrens

description: Mongoliana recurrens (Butler, 1875)
(Figs 55–63 & 66–70)
Hemispharius recurrens Butler, 1875: 98. Synonymized by Liang (2001) with M. chilocorides (Walker, 1851): 236. Mongoliana recurrens, Distant, 1909: 87; Fennah, 1956: 504; Che et al., 2003: 36; Chen et al., 2014: 73.
Redescription. General color testaceous, some females deep testaceous. Vertex with two depressions brown, margins and median carina yellow. Frons fuscous, adorned with yellow brown tubercules and speckles. Frontoclypeal suture brown to black. Clypeus black except yellow transverse stripe at extreme base. Pronotum and mesonotum dark brown, tubercules on pronotum and tips of three carinae of mesonotum yellow. Tegmina with the streak near apex and the transverse dash from inner margin towards apex testaceous. Leg brown to fuscous, femora and tibiae of fore and median legs fuscous, hind leg brown with black spines (Figs 55–63).
Vertex approximately 1.8 times wider than long in midline (Figs 55 & 59–61). Frons about 1.8 times wider at widest part than at upper margin, length in midline almost equal to width at widest part (Figs 57 & 63). Frontoclypeal suture straight (Figs 57 & 63). Pronotum with six large tubercles laterally along anterior margin (Figs 55 & 59–61).
Male terminalia. Anal tube subtriangular, apical margin shallowly concave in middle (Fig. 69). Pygofer in lateral view with posterior margin slightly convex submedially (Fig. 66). Aedeagus with pair of hooked processes near middle, the right one a little longer than the left one; dorsolateral lobes of phallobase obtuse apically in dorsal view, not split in profile, slightly widened subapically; ventral lobe bifurcate near apex (Figs 68 & 70). Genital styles with hind margin weakly concave submedially, caudoventral angle rounded (Fig. 66). Capitulum of style short and obtuse apex, with a large lateral tooth (Fig. 67).
Type material examined. Two syntype males of M. chilocorides (Walker) (BMNH), labelled as: type [round label with green margin] / 4. Hemispharius chilocorides [printed] / Hong Kong [round label, handwritten].
One syntype female of M. recurrens (Butler) (BMNH), labelled as: type [round label with red margin] / recurrens [handwritten] / China [round label, handwritten].
Other material examined. 1 male 1 female, China, Fujian Province, Longyan City, Changting County, Sidu Town, 7 May 1959 (SHEM); 1 male 7 females, Fujian Province, Longyan City, Changting County, Datong Town, Dongpu, 22 April 1959, coll. Yintao Jin, Yangming Lin (SHEM); 2 males 2 females, China, Jiangxi Province, Jiulian Mountain, 28 April 1986, 400– 550 m, coll. Luo and Liu (SHEM).
Distribution. China (Fujian, Jiangxi, Guangdong, Hubei) (Fig. 81).
Remarks. Liang (2001) proposed Mongoliana recurrens (Butler, 1875) as a synonym of Mongoliana chilocorides (Walker, 1851) on the basis of the examination of relevant type material. However, Liang (2001) did not provide any evidence for the synonym. Mongoliana recurrens was treated as valid species thereafter by Che et al. (2003), Chen et al. (2014) and Bourgoin (2015), especially the work of Chen et al. (2014) which provided some illustrations of Chinese Mongoliana species, including the first illustrations of male genitalia of Mongoliana chilocorides after its establishment (see Chen et al. 2014, Figs 2 –27). Chen et al.’s study showed distinct differences in genital characters between these two species (see Chen et al. 2014, Figs 2 –27 and Figs 2 –30).
Mongoliana recurrens was described by Butler (1875) based on two females from Fowchowfoo (Fuzhou). With the aim of clarifying the identity of this species, the type specimens of Mongoliana chilocorides (see Figs 51– 54) and Mongoliana recurrens (see Figs 55–58) (now deposited in BMNH) were checked and photographed with the help of Mr. Mick Webb, images of both species show differences in body color, macula of tegmina and lengthwidth ratio of vertex. Female specimens of Mongoliana recurrens in this study show much similarities as that of the syntype females in body appearance; males of Mongoliana recurrens in this study, especially the genital characters, accord well with the description and illustrations of Chen et al. (2014), but different from that of Mongoliana chilocorides. For the above reasons, Mongoliana recurrens is considered as a valid species in this study, following the treatment of Che et al. (2003), Chen et al. (2014) and Bourgoin (2015). This study confirms the species Mongoliana recurrens differs from Mongoliana chilocorides by (features of Mongoliana chilocorides in parentheses): vertex about 1.8 times wider than long in midline (about 2.2 times wider than long in midline); anal tube with apical margin obtusely concave (apical margin acutely convex); aedeagus with a pair of ventral hooks near middle (one hook near middle and the other one at base).
In this study, the male genital characters of Mongoliana recurrens accord with the description and illustrations of Chen et al. (2014), but looks inconsistent with that of Fennah (1956) (specimens from Hubei). In Fennah’s illustrations, the apical margin of anal tube almost straight (Fennah 1956, Fig. A); ventral hooks of aedeagus thin and long, surpassing the base of phallobase (Fennah 1956, Fig. B); present study and Chen et al. ’s illustrations have the apical margin of anal tube obtusely concave (Fig. 69; Chen et al. 2014, Fig. 2 –30H); ventral hooks of aedeagus relatively thick and short, not reaching the base of phallobase (Fig. 70; Chen et al. 2014, Fig. 2 –30L). These inconsistencies lead to the necessity to check Fennah’s (1956) specimens, and also more specimens from Hubei Province in the future.
description: Published as part of Meng, Rui, Wang, Yinglun & Qin, Daozheng, 2016, Four new species of the genus Mongoliana Distant (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Issidae) from southern China, pp. 101-118 in Zootaxa 4061 (2) on page 114, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4061.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/257418