cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Hip contact force prediction using a musculoskeletal model of the lower limb
Creators: name: Modenese, Luca
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2012

description: A musculoskeletal model of the lower limb has been implemented and assessed in order to be used as a predictive tool to quantify the hip contact force (HCF) vector acting between the femoral head and the pelvic acetabulum. The model is based on a published anatomical dataset, which has been critically revised and extended. The HCFs obtained through the model have been assessed at multiple levels of detail against measurements from instrumented prostheses from a publicly available dataset. In the first instance, a direct comparison has been undertaken in order to verify predicted HCF magnitudes close to the measured and muscle recruitment consistent with electromyographic activation profiles reported in the literature. Secondly, a trend validation was performed to ensure the correct behaviour of the model when the same daily living task (level walking) was performed with different modalities. Finally, a falsification of the model was performed by challenging it to predict the exact components of the measured hip contact forces for both level walking and stair climbing. The closest achievable predictions were also calculated, together with the accuracy of a conventional use of the model not exploiting a priori knowledge of the joint contact forces. Once the assessment of the model was completed, a dataset of anthropometric, kinematic and kinetic data was collected on eight young healthy subjects performing daily living activities. As a demonstration of the potential use of the dataset, a subject specific model was generated and used to estimate HCF direction and magnitude for level walking and stair climbing, the same activities investigated during model validation. The model was further extended in order to include the upper part of the body and potentially analyze full body kinematics and kinetics. A further modified version of the model was finally developed in order to be used in finite elements analyses or more generally in applications requiring equilibrated sets of muscle and joint forces acting on a bone structure, as the highly discretized representation of the muscles makes the model particularly suitable for this kind of use. The developed model has been implemented in the open source software OpenSim and is freely available for download and use in research.
Phaethon Linnaeus, 1758, gen. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Phaethontiformes
Phaethontidae
Phaethon

description: Phaethon [gen. nov.]
Rostrum cultratum, rectum, acuminatum. Fauce pone rostrum hiante.
Nares oblongae, postice membrana semitectae.
Digiti postici antrorsum versi.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 134, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Quantum speedup in the identification of cause-effect relations
Creators: name: Chiribella, Giulio
name: Ebler, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ability to identify cause-effect relations is an essential component of the scientific method. The identification of causal relations is generally accomplished through statistical trials where alternative hypotheses are tested against each other. Traditionally, such trials have been based on classical statistics. However, classical statistics becomes inadequate at the quantum scale, where a richer spectrum of causal relations is accessible. Here we show that quantum strategies can greatly speed up the identification of causal relations. We analyse the task of identifying the effect of a given variable, and we show that the optimal quantum strategy beats all classical strategies by running multiple equivalent tests in a quantum superposition. The same working principle leads to advantages in the detection of a causal link between two variables, and in the identification of the cause of a given variable.
description: 8 + 23 pages, 4 figures, published version
Genetic structure of natterjack toad (Epidalea calamita) populations in Flanders, Belgium, and its implications for conservation: Supplementary material
Creators: name: Maes, Joke
name: Oosten, Arend Raoul Van
name: Houtte, Natalie Van
name: Matthysen, Erik
Publisher: name: Brill Online
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 60299 Ecology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Unique evolutionary potential could be lost when a population goes extinct or when individuals are translocated to other existing populations. Therefore, in order to identify priorities and to predict the efficiency and consequences of conservation actions, information is needed on the genetic structure of natural populations. In the urbanized and diverse landscapes of Flanders, Belgium, natterjack toad (Epidalea calamita) populations have been declining over the last decades. Therefore, this species is subjected to a wide range of different types of conservation measures (e.g. habitat management, corridor development, translocations). However, more information is needed on its genetic population structure. In this study, we sampled egg clutches from six populations and studied their genetic structure with six microsatellite markers. In total, 184 samples from 99 different egg strings were genotyped. Observed heterozygosity was generally high, even for the small and isolated populations (overall mean HO = 0.43). The weak clustering by the Bayesian analyses (STRUCTURE, Adegenet and BAPS) does not allow us to make strong conclusions on the population structure. However, the significant ΦST values between the populations underline the importance of genetic information when conservation priorities are discussed. Unique evolutionary potential could be lost when one or more natterjack toad populations would go extinct, and translocation of individuals to other existing populations should be considered with caution.
Massive ODE/IM Correspondence and Non-linear Integral Equations for $A_r^{(1)}$-type modified Affine Toda Field Equations
Creators: name: Ito, Katsushi
name: Shu, Hongfei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The massive ODE/IM correspondence is a relation between the linear problem associated with modified affine Toda field equations and two-dimensional massive integrable models. We study the massive ODE/IM correspondence for the $A_r^{(1)}$-type modified affine Toda field equations. Based on the $ψ$-system satisfied by the solutions of the linear problem, we derive the Bethe ansatz equations and determine the asymptotic behavior of the Q-functions for large value of the spectral parameter. We derive the non-linear integral equations for the Q-functions from the Bethe ansatz equations. We compute the effective central charge in the UV limit, which is identified with the one of the non-unitary $WA_r$ minimal models when the solution has trivial monodromy around the origin of the complex plane.
description: 1+26 pages, published version
Lower limb blast injuries from under vehicle explosions
Creators: name: Ramasamy, Arul
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2012

description: The signature weapon of the conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan has been the roadside bomb (anti-vehicle mine, AV) or improvised explosive device (IED). Detonation of the explosive under a vehicle leads to rapid deflection of the vehicle floor, transmitting a very short duration, high amplitude load into the foot and ankle complex in contact with it. To date, there has been no clinical data on the pattern of lower limb injury or clinical outcome following an under-vehicle explosion. Using contemporary battlefield casualty data of UK service personnel injured in Iraq and Afghanistan, 63 casualties (89 injured limbs) were identified with lower leg injuries from explosion. Fifty percent of casualties sustained multi-segmental injuries to the foot and ankle complex and 29% required amputation, with 74% having on-going clinical problems at mean 33 months follow-up. Sub-group analysis showed that casualties standing at the time of explosion had significantly greater injury severity and poorer clinical outcome. In order to investigate the effect of limb orientation on injury severity, both finite element analysis and experimental approach was used. A traumatic injury simulator (Anti-vehicle mine underbelly blast injury simulator, AnUBIS) was developed to recreate the impulse witnessed in explosions within a laboratory setting. Initial experiments with instrumented cadaveric limbs impacted at 8.2-8.6 m/s demonstrated that for the same impulse the standing cadaveric limb sustained significantly severe injuries compared to the seated position. The data presented in this thesis has shown that lower limb injuries from AV mine explosions are associated with a poor clinical outcome. Primary prevention remains key in reducing the injury burden to the combat soldier. The development of realistic traumatic injury simulations allows for better understanding of the underlying injury mechanics, thereby focusing future research in injury mitigation and the development of improved lower limb test surrogates.
Scaling laws of top jet drop size and speed from bubble bursting including gravity and inviscid limit
Creators: name: Ganan-Calvo, Alfonso M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Jet droplets from bubble bursting are determined by a limited parametrical space: the liquid properties (surface tension, viscosity, and density), mother bubble size and acceleration of gravity. Thus, the two resulting parameters from dimensional analysis (usually, the Ohnesorge and Bond numbers, Oh and Bo) completely define this phenomenon when both the trapped gas in the bubble and the environment gas have negligible density. A detailed physical description of the ejection process to model both the ejected droplet radius and its initial launch speed is provided, leading to a scaling law including both Oh and Bo. Two critical values of Oh determine two limiting situations: one (Oh$_1$=0.038) is the critical value for which the ejected droplet size is minimum and the ejection speed maximum, and the other (Oh$_2$=0.0045) is a new critical value which signals when viscous effects vanish. Gravity effects (Bo) are consistently introduced from energy conservation principles. The proposed scaling laws produce a remarkable collapse of published experimental measurements collected for both the ejected droplet radius and ejection speed.
description: 14 pages, three figures, published in 2018 in Physical Review Fluids
Chain retraction in highly entangled stretched polymer melts
Creators: name: Hsu, Hsiao-Ping
name: Kremer, Kurt
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use computer simulations to study the relaxation of strongly deformed highly entangled polymer melts in the non-linear viscoelastic regime, focusing on anisotropic chain conformations after isochoric elongation. The Doi-Edwards tube model and its GLaMM extension, incorporating contour length fluctuation and convective constraint release, predict a retraction of the polymer chain extension in all directions, setting in immediately after deformation. This prediction has been challenged by experiment, simulation, and other theoretical studies, questioning the general validity of the tube concept. For very long chains we observe the initial contraction of the chain extension parallel and perpendicular to the stretching direction. However, the effect is significantly weaker than predicted by the GLaMM model. We also show that the first anisotropic term of an expansion of the 2D scattering function qualitatively agrees to predictions of the GLaMM model, providing an option for direct experimental tests.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, 7 references added
Attempts at vacuum counterexamples to cosmic censorship in AdS
Creators: name: Crisford, Toby
name: Horowitz, Gary T.
name: Santos, Jorge E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider vacuum solutions of four dimensional general relativity with $Λ< 0$. We numerically construct stationary solutions that asymptotically approach a boundary metric with differential rotation. Smooth solutions only exist up to a critical rotation. We thus argue that increasing the differential rotation by a finite amount will cause the curvature to grow without bound. This holds for both zero and nonzero temperature, and both compact and noncompact boundaries. However, the boundary metric always develops an ergoregion before reaching the critical rotation, which probably means that the energy is unbounded from below for these counterexamples to cosmic censorship.
description: 44 pages, 25 figures; v2: reference added; v3: title and abstract revised, argument added that the total energy is probably unbounded from below with our boundary conditions
title: ADCO, Grènetier de Cîteaux : comptes (1497-1504) (11 H 1172), f. 00680
Creators: name: de la Côte-d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CBMA/CG21/F.PETOT/2019
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge
subject: comptes
subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: Grènetier de Cîteaux : comptes (1497-1504), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, (11 H 1172). Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Grènetier de Cîteaux : comptes (1497-1504), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, (11 H 1172), f. 00680, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi \[Ressource en ligne\], https:// manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: https://www.geonames.org/3024876
description: Provenance: http://www.idref.fr/030974844/id
description: Provenance: https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12228351v
description: Provenance: abbaye de Cîteaux
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843261
ASCA Observations of the Starburst-Driven Superwind Galaxy NGC 2146: Broad Band (0.6 - 9 keV) Spectral Properties
Creators: name: Della Ceca, R.
name: Griffiths, R. E.
name: Heckman, T. M.
name: Lehnert, M. D.
name: Weaver, K. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report ASCA GIS and SIS observations of the nearby (D = 11.6 Mpc), nearly edge-on, starburst galaxy NGC 2146. These X-ray spectral data complement ROSAT PSPC and HRI imaging discussed by Armus et al., 1995. The broad band (0.6-9 keV) X-ray spectrum of NGC 2146 is best described by a two component model: the soft X-ray emission with a Raymond-Smith thermal plasma model having a temperature of kT $\sim 0.8$ keV; the hard X-ray emission with a thermal plasma model having kT $\sim 8$ keV or a power-law model having a photon index of $\sim 1.7$. We do not find compelling evidence of substantial excess absorption above the Galactic value. The soft (hard) thermal component provides about 30% (70%) of the total luminosity in the 0.5 - 2.0 keV energy band, while in the 2-10 keV energy range only the hard component plays a major role. The spectral results allow us to set tighter constraints on the starburst-driven superwind model, which we show can satisfactorily account for the luminosity, mass, and energy content represented by the soft X-ray spectral component. We estimate that the mass outflow rate ($\sim$ 9 M$_{\odot}$ per year) is about an order of magnitude greater than the predicted rate at which supernovae and stellar winds return mass into the interstellar medium and, therefore, argue that the flow is strongly "mass-loaded" with material in and around the starburst. The estimated outflow velocity of the hot gas is close to the escape velocity from the galaxy, so the fate of the gas is not clear. We suggest that the hard X-ray spectral component is due to the combined emission of X-ray binaries and/or young supernovae remnants associated with the starburst.
description: 26 pages plus 4 figures, LaTex manuscript, Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
Epitaxial La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 thin films on silicon with excellent magnetic and electric properties by combining physical and chemical methods
Creators: name: Vila-Fungueiriño, José Manuel
name: Gázquez, Jaume
name: Magén, César
name: Saint-Girons, Guillaume
name: Bachelet, Romain
name: Carretero-Genevrier, Adrián
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry

description: Half-metallic ferromagnetic La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 (LSMO) represents an appealing candidate to be integrated on silicon substrates for technological devices such as sensors, data storage media, IR detectors, and so on. Here, we report high-quality epitaxial LSMO thin films obtained by an original combination of chemical solution deposition (CSD) and molecular beam epitaxy (MBE). A detailed study of the thermal, chemical, and physical compatibility between SrTiO3 (STO)/Si buffer layers and LSMO films, grown by MBE and CSD, respectively, enables a perfect integration of both materials. Importantly, we show a precise control of the coercive field of LSMO films by tuning the mosaicity of the STO/Si buffer layer. These results demonstrate the enormous potential of combining physical and chemical processes for the development of low-cost functional oxide-based devices compatible with the complementary metal oxide semiconductor technology.
How did COVID-19 restrictions impact alcohol consumption in Australia? A longitudinal study
Creators: name: Mojica Perez, Yvette
name: Livingston, Michael
name: Pennay, Amy
name: Callinan, Sarah
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 4206
subject: Public health
classificationCode: 52
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
classificationCode: 5201
subject: Applied and developmental psychology
classificationCode: 42
subject: Health sciences
subject: FOS: Health sciences
classificationCode: 4201
subject: Allied health and rehabilitation science
classificationCode: 44
subject: Human society

description: Introduction: The state of Victoria experienced more stringent public health measures than other Australian states during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study investigated how these public health measures impacted: (i) total alcohol consumption; (ii) location-specific consumption; and (iii) consumption among different pre-pandemic drinking groups, in Victoria compared to the rest of Australia during the first year of the pandemic. Method: A longitudinal study with six survey waves was conducted between April and December 2020. A total of 775 adults completed data on alcohol use, including detailed consumption location information. Based on their 2019 consumption, participants were classified into low, moderate or high-risk groups. Data were analysed descriptively. Results: There was no difference in total alcohol consumption from 2019 levels among Victorians and those from the other Australian states when Victoria was the only state in lockdown. Location-specific consumption was relatively similar for Victoria and the rest of Australia, with an increase in home drinking, and a decrease in consumption in someone else's home, licensed premises and public spaces during lockdown compared with 2019. Participants in the high-risk group reported a reduction of two standard drinks per day in November 2020 compared with 2019. In contrast, consumption remained relatively stable for participants in the low and moderate-risk groups once accounting for regression to the mean. Discussion and Conclusion: Contrary to expectations, restrictions on licensed premises appeared to impact high-risk drinkers more than low and moderate-risk drinkers. Reducing availability of on-premise alcohol may be an effective way to reduce consumption in heavier drinkers.
Extinction Map of Baade's Window
Creators: name: Stanek, K. Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently Woźniak \& Stanek (1996) proposed a new method to investigate interstellar extinction, based on two band photometry, which uses red clump stars as a means to construct the reddening curve. I apply this method to the color-magnitude diagrams obtained by the Optical Gravitational Lensing Experiment (OGLE) to construct an extinction map of $(40')^2 $ region of Baade's Window, with resolution of $\sim30\;arcsec$. Such a map should be useful for studies of this frequently observed region of the Galactic bulge. The map and software useful for its applications are available via {\tt anonymous ftp}. The total extinction $A_V$ varies from $1.26\;mag$ to $2.79\;mag$ within the $(40')^2 $ field of view centered on $(α_{2000}, δ_{2000}) =$ (18:03:20.9,--30:02:06), i.e. $(l,b)=(1.001,-3.885)$. The ratio $ A_V/E(V-I) = 2.49\pm0.02 $ is determined with this new method.
description: revised version accepted for publication in ApJ Letters, 8 pages, uuencoded PostScript with 4 figures included; complete paper available through WWW at http://www.astro.princeton.edu/~library/prep.html; tables and auxiliary software available at ftp://www.astro.princeton.edu/stanek/Extinction
Facile synthesis of gold nanoparticles capped with an ammonium-based chiral ionic liquid crystal
Creators: name: R. Mangaiyarkarasi
name: B. Sivaranjini
name: S. Umadevi
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Herein, we describe a facile synthesis of stable chiral ionic liquid crystal (ILC)-capped gold nanoparticles. A new ILC containing a chiral cholesterol moiety having a terminal triethylammonium group was synthesised which exhibited an enantiotropic lamellar mesophase. Stable, monodisperse citrate-stabilised gold nanoparticles having a size of ~60 nm were prepared and the citrate ligands on the gold nanoparticles were replaced with chiral ILC through a two-phase ligand exchange process. The resulting chiral ILC-stabilised particles were characterised using UV–visible (UV–Vis) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) studies. Different from the citrate-stabilised nanoparticles, the ligand exchanged gold nanoparticles were dispersible in organic solvent and resulting dispersion was stable for more than observed period of 3 months. Furthermore, the chiral ILC-decorated gold nanoparticles were found to be well dispersible in a nematic host without any aggregation and induced a vertical alignment of the nematic director.
Production and Loss Processes of Hydrogen Energetic Neutral Atoms in the Heliosphere from 5 eV to 500 keV
Creators: name: Swaczyna, Paweł
name: Bzowski, Maciej
name: Kubiak, Marzena A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Energetic Neutral Atom (ENA) observations provide valuable insights into the plasma conditions in the heliosphere and the surrounding interstellar medium. Unlike plasma detectors, which measure charged particles tied to the magnetic fields at their location, ENA detectors capture former ions that were neutralized in distant regions and traverse the heliosphere in straight trajectories. ENA fluxes near the Sun represent line-of-sight integrals of parent ion fluxes multiplied by neutralization (production) rates and reduced by the probability of ENA reionization (loss) processes. So far, most ENA analyses have focused on charge exchange between hydrogen atoms and protons as the primary source of ENAs. Here, we examine various ENA production and loss processes throughout the heliosphere in the broad energy range (5 eV to 500 keV) encompassing the next-generation ENA instruments aboard the Interstellar Mapping and Acceleration Probe (IMAP) mission. Our study considers binary collisions involving the most abundant species: protons, electrons, α-particles, He+ ions, photons, as well as hydrogen and helium atoms. Our findings indicate that, in addition to ENAs produced by charge exchange of energetic protons with hydrogen atoms, a significant portion of high-energy ENAs originate from the charge exchange with helium atoms. Below 10 keV, the dominant ENA loss processes are charge exchange collisions with protons and photoionization. However, stripping ionization processes, e.g., from collisions with ambient interstellar neutral hydrogen, become the main loss mechanism for higher energies because the charge exchange rate rapidly decreases.
description: 27 pages, 7 figures, 3 tables, accepted for publication in ApJ, AAM version
Time resolved imaging of the non-linear bullet mode within an injection-locked nano-contact spin Hall nano-oscillator
Creators: name: Spicer, Timothy M
name: Keatley, Paul S
name: Dvornik, Mykola
name: Loughran, Thomas H J
name: Awad, A. A.
name: Dürrenfeld, Philipp
name: Houshang, Afshin
name: Ranjbar, Mojtaba
name: Åkerman, Johan
name: Kruglyak, Volodymyr V.
name: Hicken, Robert J
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Injection of a radio frequency (RF) current was used to phase lock the SHNO to the TRSKM. The out of plane magnetization was detected by means of the polar magneto optical Kerr effect (MOKE). However, longitudinal MOKE images were dominated by an artifact arising from the edges of the Au NCs. Time resolved imaging revealed the simultaneous excitation of a non-linear `bullet' mode at the centre of the device, once the DC current exceeded a threshold value, and ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) induced by the RF current. However, the FMR response observed for sub-critical DC current values exhibits an amplitude minimum at the centre, which is attributed to spreading of the RF spin current due to the reactance of the device structure. This FMR response can be subtracted to yield images of the bullet mode. As the DC current is increased above threshold, the bullet mode appears to increase in size, suggesting increased translational motion. The reduced spatial overlap of the bullet and FMR modes, and this putative translational motion, may impede the injection locking and contribute to the reduced locking range observed within NC-SHNO devices. This illustrates a more general need to control the geometry of an injection-locked oscillator so that the autonomous dynamics of the oscillator exhibit strong spatial overlap with those resulting from the injected signal.
Multi-impurity method for the bond-weighted tensor renormalization group
Creators: name: Morita, Satoshi
name: Kawashima, Naoki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a multi-impurity method for the bond-weighted tensor renormalization group (BWTRG) to compute the higher-order moment of physical quantities in a two-dimensional system. The replacement of the bond weight with an impurity matrix in a bond-weighted triad tensor network represents a physical quantity such as the magnetization and the energy. We demonstrate that the accuracy of the proposed method is much higher than the conventional tensor renormalization group for the Ising model and the five-state Potts model. Furthermore, we perform the finite-size scaling analysis and observe that the dimensionless quantity characterizing the structure of the fixed point tensor satisfies the same scaling relation in the critical region as the Binder parameter. The estimated critical temperature dependence on the bond dimension indicates that the exponent relating the correlation length to the bond dimension varies continuously with respect to the BWTRG hyperparameter. We find that BWTRG with the optimal hyperparameter is more efficient in terms of computational time than alternative approaches based on the matrix product state in estimating the critical temperature.
description: 10 pages, 10 figures, The data are available at https://datarepo.mdcl.issp.u-tokyo.ac.jp/repo/49
Design and synthesis of N-Myristoyltransferase inhibitors: a promising treatment for malaria
Creators: name: Rackham, Mark
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2012

description: Diseases caused by parasitic infections such as malaria represent a huge global health burden, and new therapies are in great demand. N-Myristoyltransferase (NMT) is an essential eukaryotic enzyme important for multiple processes in vivo, and represents an attractive drug target to combat Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) and Plasmodium vivax (Pv) infections. This work describes the development of NMT inhibitors from hit generation to lead development, and is divided into six chapters: Chapter 1 provides an introduction to malaria and NMT, as well as the history of NMT as an anti-infective drug target. This chapter also provides evidence of the utility of NMT as a drug target in malaria. Chapter 2 describes the generation of a hit series of plasmodial NMT inhibitors. Starting from a previously described PfNMT inhibitor, a “lead-hopping” strategy based on crystallographic information and aromaticity yielded a series of novel, selective and ligand efficient inhibitors of plasmodial NMT. Chapter 3 details the hit-to-lead development of this series. Crystallography facilitated the removal of a potentially labile ester, resulting in an improved pharmacokinetic profile. Subsequent optimisation based on lipophilicity yielded a potent plasmodial NMT inhibitor, with antiparasitic activity in vitro that correlates to intracellular NMT inhibition. Chapter 4 is an account of the efforts made to modify the physicochemical properties of the series, thereby modifying the translation from enzyme to cellular assays. This work established that the pKa of the inhibitors is unlikely to be the sole reason for poor cellular translation. Chapter 5 provides a summary of the work described throughout this thesis, as well as future work. This future work will facilitate the development of the compounds described in this work into a late-lead series, progressing towards a clinical candidate NMT inhibitor for the treatment of malaria. Chapter 6 contains experimental details and analysis for all work described herein.
A barred spiral at the centre of the giant elliptical radio galaxy Centaurus A
Creators: name: Mirabel, I. F.
name: Laurent, O.
name: Sanders, D. B.
name: Sauvage, M.
name: Tagger, M.
name: Charmandaris, V.
name: Vigroux, L.
name: Gallais, P.
name: Cesarsky, C.
name: Block, D. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report observations at mid-infrared and sub-millimeter wavelengths of Centaurus A (CenA, NGC 5128), the giant elliptical galaxy that harbors the closest radio loud Active Galactic Nucleus (AGN) to Earth. The dust emission from the deep interior of CenA reveals a bisymmetric structure with a diameter of 5' (5 kpc), centred at the AGN. This structure is remarkably similar to that of a barred spiral galaxy, with the bar lying in a plane that is tilted ~18 degrees from the line of sight. The true nature of the distribution of dust in the inner regions of CenA is noticeably displaced from the more chaotic and widespread optical obscuration. The barred spiral is a quasi-stable structure formed at the center of the giant elliptical from the tidal debris of a gas-rich object(s) accreted in the past 10^9 years. The total size and mass of interstellar gas in the barred spiral at the center of CenA is comparable to the small Local Group spiral galaxy Messier 33. The observation of this remarkable structure opens the more general question on whether the dusty hosts of giant radio galaxies like CenA, are "symbiotic" galaxies composed of a barred spiral inside an elliptical, where the bar serves to funnel gas toward the AGN.
description: 9 pages, 4 postscript figures, 2 gif figures, Accepted for publication in A&A 1998
Solution-processable organic blend semiconductors for next generation thin-film transistor applications
Creators: name: Hunter, Simon
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2016

description: Organic semiconductors display a wide array of enticing properties for the fabrication of novel electronic devices. Mechanical flexibility provides the potential for robust, conformable devices; while wide-area and low-temperature deposition enables the manufacture of low-cost, disposable electronics. This means that the commercial applications should be wide-ranging, as long as the performance and stability of devices based on organic semiconductors are sufficient. One of the most promising organic thin-film transistor (OTFT) systems that have been demonstrated in recent years involves the blending of small molecule and polymer organic semiconductors. A blend of the high hole mobility small molecule 2,8-difluoro 5,11 triethylsilylethynyl anthradithiophene (diF-TES ADT) with the amorphous semiconducting polymer poly(triarylamine) (PTAA) is investigated in this thesis. This blend system has been shown to allow considerable control over processing from solution and charge carrier mobilities of up to 3 cm^2/Vs. The aim of this thesis is to provide a deeper understanding of the critical charge transport and stability characteristics of this blend system, while also investigating the system’s suitability to a high-throughput spray-deposition technique. In the first part of this thesis the fundamental charge transport characteristics of the diF-TES ADT:PTAA blend system are investigated. The densities of band-gap tail states in blend films of differing composition are found to be exhibit considerable thermal broadening at low temperatures, and at high temperatures are controlled by the concentration of the small molecule component in the blend. In the second part of the work the electrical and environmental stability of blend OTFTs is studied. The devices exhibit state-of-the-art bias stability in an inert environment, however exposure to air and elevated temperatures highlights some interesting degradation pathways which are investigated. Finally, the blend system was used with a high-throughput spray deposition technique. Subsequent spray deposition of semiconductor and ultra-thin dielectric layers was demonstrated, resulting in the fabrication of low-power OTFTs operating at -4 V and exhibiting hole mobilities on the order of 1 cm^2/Vs.
Imaging the Lyman-alpha Forest
Creators: name: Gould, Andrew
name: Weinberg, David H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that it is now possible to image optically thick $\lya$ clouds in fluorescent $\lya$ emission with a relatively long ($\sim 20 $hr) integration on a large ($\sim 10 $m) telescope. For a broad range of column densities ($N\gsim 10^{18.5} \cm^{-2}$), the flux of $\lya$ photons from recombination cascades is equal to $\sim 0.6$ times the flux of ionizing photons, independent of the geometry of the cloud. Additional $\lya$ photons are produced by collisional excitations when these are the cloud's primary cooling mechanism. For typical physical conditions expected in optically thick clouds, these mechanisms together lead to a $\lya$ emission flux that is $\sim (2/3) \VEVν/ν_0$ times the flux of ionizing photons, where $\VEVν$ is the mean frequency of ionizing background photons and $ν_0$ is the Lyman limit frequency. Hence, measurement of the surface brightness from an optically thick cloud (known to exist, e.g., from a quasar absorption line) gives a direct measure of the energy in the ionizing radiation background. Moreover, in the same long slit spectrum one could hope to detect emission from $\sim 200$ other $\lya$ systems. Such detections would allow one to make a 2-dimensional map of the $\lya$ forest. By taking a series of such spectra, one could map the forest in three dimensions, revealing structure in the high-redshift universe.
description: Minor numerical change in abstract, no change in text, 23 pages
title: John Owen's doctrine of sanctification
Creators: name: Kim, Myoung Jin
Publisher: name: University of Glasgow in partnership with the Free Church of Scotland College
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Theology, philosophy of religion, sanctification, Christianity.

description: The doctrine of sanctification in Owen's works permeates his whole theology, and in many ways provides a key to his theological system. Specifically, the doctrine of the Trinity stands at the heart of Owen's teaching on the doctrine of sanctification. According to the personal distinctions of the Triune God in the undivided work ad extra, within the covenant of redemption, Owen keeps the incarnate Christ's proper work on earth within the context of the Triune God's common work. In this light the completed aspect of sanctification is interpreted. Owen understands Christ's oblation to include not only his self-offering on earth, but also his ongoing intercession in heaven. The unity of oblation and intercession provides a key to understanding the progressive aspect of sanctification in Owen's thought, in heaven, Christ's mediatorial work as prophet, king, and high priest serves as the framework for the progressive aspect of sanctification. Moreover, the Holy Spirit himself is sent as a result of Christ's mediatorial work in heaven. As a result, a saint is united to Christ by the Spirit's proper work within the covenant of grace. At the moment when the saint is united to Christ, sin no longer has dominion and can never have the ultimate victory over him. This radical change gives us insight into definitive sanctification by the Holy Spirit's proper work in the Triune God's common work. One of the most important aspects in definitive sanctification is that the saint can have communion directly with the Father's love, the Son's grace, and the Spirit's consolation. This communion is essential to the imitation of Christ. Wherever Owen states his desire for communion with God, he brings in the saint's duties. In other words, the idea of communion with the Triune God contains the idea of the saint's obligation. So, through the diligent exercise of divinely granted grace, the saint is able to mortify indwelling sin, because his communion with God in Christ brings fellowship with Him in His death and resurrection. Neither can the saint mortify sin without this communion. The Holy Spirit works in the saint, and with him, within the context of communion with God. Therefore, in Owen's thought a sovereign work of God, and human responsibility, are brought together for the increase of holiness.
Accuracy of XH-stretching intensities with the Deng–Fan potential
Creators: name: Vogt, Emil
name: Sage, Daniel S.
name: Kjaergaard, Henrik G.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Inorganic Chemistry

description: One-dimensional local mode XH-stretching (X = 16O, 19F and 35Cl) vibrational transition frequencies and intensities have been calculated for six small atmospheric relevant molecules. The calculations are done using Morse, Deng–Fan and numeric potentials at the CCSD(T)/aug-cc-pVTZ level of theory. Parameters of the Morse potential are found from the derivatives of the potential energy surface, with respect to the internal XH-stretching displacement coordinate, evaluated at the equilibrium geometry. Parameters of the Deng–Fan potential are obtained using the first two transition frequencies of the Morse potential. The dipole moment functions (DMFs) are represented by a sixth-order polynomial in the displacement coordinate fitted to dipole moment single points calculated with a finite field approach. Analytical matrix elements are derived and used to calculate oscillator strengths for the Morse and Deng–Fan potential. We compare calculated and experimentally determined oscillator strengths and transition frequencies, as well as displacement matrix elements of the different potentials. For the XH-stretching vibrations considered, the Deng–Fan potential predicts absorption intensities considerably better than the Morse potential.
Phaethon aethereus Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Phaethontiformes
Phaethontidae
Phaethon
Phaethon aethereus

description: Phaethon aethereus [spec. nov.]
PH. rectricibus duabus longissimis, rostro serrato, digito postico adnato.
Avis tropicorum. Catesb. car. 3. p. 14. t. 14. Raj. av. 123. Will. orn. 250. t. 76. Edw. av. 149. t. 149. f. 1. Sloan. jam. 1. p. 22. Kalm. iter. 2. p. 149. Osb. iter. 291.
Avis Rabos forcados. Aldr. orn. l. 20. p. 544.
Habitat in Pelago inter tropicos. Osbeck.
Magnitudo Anatis, alba supra lineis nigricantibus undulata tota; subtus immaculata. Fascia nigra per oculos. Rostrum sangvineum, compressum, rectius quam P. Piscatoris, retrorsum serratum. Pedes pallidi, extrorsum nigri, digito quarto etiam membrana affixo. Remiges omnes subtus albae: primores supra latere exteriore nigrae; secundariae supra linea longitudinali nigra. Rectrices albae in cauda cuneiformi, versus apicem lineola subsagittata fusca; omnes supra rachi nivea.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 134, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
The photospheric origin of the Yonetoku relation in gamma-ray bursts
Creators: name: Ito, Hirotaka
name: Matsumoto, Jin
name: Nagataki, Shigehiro
name: Warren, Donald C.
name: Barkov, Maxim V.
name: Yonetoku, Daisuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Long duration gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), the brightest events since the Big Bang itself, are believed to originate in an ultra-relativistic jet breaking out from a massive stellar envelope. Despite decades of study, there is still no consensus on their emission mechanism. One unresolved question is the origin of the tight correlation between the spectral peak energy Ep and peak luminosity Lp discovered in observations. This Yonetoku relation is the tightest correlation found in the properties of the prompt phase of GRB emission, providing the best diagnostic for the radiation mechanism. Here we present 3D hydrodynamical simulations, and post-process radiation transfer calculations, of photospheric emission from a relativistic jet. Our simulations reproduce the Yonetoku relation as a natural consequence of viewing angle. Although jet dynamics depend sensitively on luminosity, the Ep-Lp correlation holds regardless. This result strongly suggests that photospheric emission is the dominant component in the prompt phase of GRBs.
description: 18 pages, 5 figures, The original submitted version of an article published in Nature Communications. The final authenticated version is available online at: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-019-09281-z
Post-processing subtraction of tilt-to-length noise in LISA in the presence of gravitational wave signals
Creators: name: Hartig, Marie-Sophie
name: Paczkowski, Sarah
name: Hewitson, Martin
name: Heinzel, Gerhard
name: Wanner, Gudrun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) will be the first space-based gravitational wave (GW) observatory. It will measure gravitational wave signals in the frequency regime from 0.1 mHz to 1 Hz. The success of these measurements will depend on the suppression of the various instrument noises. One important noise source in LISA will be tilt-to-length (TTL) coupling. Here, it is understood as the coupling of angular jitter, predominantly from the spacecraft, into the interferometric length readout. The current plan is to subtract this noise in-flight in post-processing as part of a noise minimization strategy. It is crucial to distinguish TTL coupling well from the GW signals in the same readout to ensure that the noise will be properly modeled. Furthermore, it is important that the subtraction of TTL noise will not degrade the GW signals. In the present manuscript, we show on simulated LISA data and for four different GW signal types that the GW responses have little effect on the quality of the TTL coupling fit and subtraction. Also, the GW signal characteristics were not altered by the TTL coupling subtraction.
PHENIX Spin physics overview
Creators: name: Seidl, Ralf
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: wwnd24
phenix
p+p
helicity
spin
polarization
gluon
longitudinal spin asymmetry
photon
direct photon
cross section
transverse spin asymmetry
pion
mid-rapidity
forward-rapidity
heavy flavor
electron
p+al
p+au
neutron

description: Talk presented at the Winter Workshop on Nuclear Dynamics, 2024 conference
A Fast and Accurate Algorithm for Computing Tensor CBR Anisotropy
Creators: name: Turner, Michael S.
name: Wang, Yun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Inflation gives rise to a nearly scale-invariant spectrum of tensor perturbations (gravitational waves), their contribution to the Cosmic Background Radiation (CBR) anisotropy depends upon the present cosmological parameters as well as inflationary parameters. The analysis of a sampling-variance-limited CBR map offers the most promising means of detecting tensor perturbations, but will require evaluation of the predicted multipole spectrum for a very large number of cosmological parameter sets. We present accurate polynomial formulae for computing the predicted variance of the multipole moments in terms of the cosmological parameters $Ω_Λ$, $Ω_0h^2$, $Ω_B h^2$, $N_ν$, and the power-law index $n_T$ which are accurate to about 1\% for $l\le 50$ and to better than 3\% for $50< l \le 100$ (as compared to the numerical results of a Boltzmann code).
description: LaTeX with psfig, 21 pages including 3 figures. The corresponding fortran program is available at http://fnas08.fnal.gov/. Submitted to Phys. Rev. D