cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Empreinte carbone : les Français pas si vertueux quand on prend en compte le contenu carbone des importations
Creators: name: Hauet, Jean-Pierre
name: Debaille, Suzanne
Publisher: name: SEE
Year: 2021

description: La France est généralement considérée comme un bon élève quand on considère les émissions de gaz à effet de serre produites sur son territoire. Mais qu’en est-il si on prend en compte les émissions associées à ses importations ? C’est à cette question que répond un rapport publié récemment par le Haut conseil pour le climat.
21cm fluctuations from primordial magnetic fields
Creators: name: Shiraishi, Maresuke
name: Tashiro, Hiroyuki
name: Ichiki, Kiyotomo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent observations of magnetic fields in intergalactic void regions and in high redshift galaxies may indicate that large scale magnetic fields have a primordial origin. If primordial magnetic fields were present soon after the recombination epoch, they would have induced density fluctuations on the one hand and dissipated their energy into the primordial gas on the other, and thereby significantly alter the thermal history of the Universe. Here we consider both the effects and calculate the brightness temperature fluctuations of the 21cm line using simple Monte Carlo simulations. We find that the fluctuations of the 21cm line from the energy dissipation appear only on very small scales and those from the density fluctuations always dominate on observationally relevant angular scales.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures. Accepted for publication in PRD
Fixed-target charmonium production and pion parton distributions
Creators: name: Chang, Wen-Chen
name: Peng, Jen-Chieh
name: Platchkov, Stephane
name: Sawada, Takahiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate how charmonium hadroproduction at fixed-target energies can be used to constrain the gluon distribution in pions. Using nonrelativistic QCD (NRQCD) formulation, the $J/ψ$ and $ψ(2S)$ cross sections as a function of longitudinal momentum fraction $x_F$ from pions and protons colliding with light targets, as well as the $ψ(2S)$ to $J/ψ$ cross section ratios, are included in the analysis. The color-octet long-distance matrix elements are found to have a pronounced dependence on the pion parton distribution functions (PDFs). This study shows that the $x_F$ differential cross sections of pion-induced charmonium production impose strong constraints on the pion's quark and gluon PDFs. In particular, the pion PDFs with larger gluon densities provide a significantly better description of the data. It is also found that the production of the $ψ(2S)$ state is associated with a larger quark-antiquark contribution, compared with $J/ψ$.
description: 15 pages, 10 figures and 23-page supplementary materials. Published version
Sourcing high tissue quality brains from deceased wild primates with known socio-ecology
Creators: name: Gräßle, Tobias
name: Crockford, Catherine
name: Eichner, Cornelius
name: Girard-Buttoz, Cédric
name: Jäger, Carsten
name: Kirilina, Evgeniya
name: Lipp, Ilona
name: Duex, Ariane
name: Edwards, Luke
name: Jauch, Anna
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: brain connectivity
subject: brain evolution
subject: brain extraction
subject: brain microstructure
subject: field necropsy
subject: MRI
subject: socio-ecological factors
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: 1. The selection pressures that drove dramatic encephalisation processes through the mammal lineage remain elusive, as does knowledge of brain structure reorganisation through this process. In particular, considerable structural brain changes are present across the primate lineage, culminating in the complex human brain that allows for unique behaviours such as language and sophisticated tool use. To understand this evolution, a diverse sample set of humans' closest relatives with varying socio-ecologies is needed. However, current brain banks predominantly curate brains from primates that died in zoological gardens. We try to address this gap by establishing a field pipeline mitigating the challenges associated with brain extractions of wild primates in their natural habitat. 2. The success of our approach is demonstrated by our ability to acquire a novel brain sample of deceased primates with highly variable socio-ecological exposure and a particular focus on wild chimpanzees. Methods in acquiring brain tissue from wild settings are comprehensively explained, highlighting the feasibility of conducting brain extraction procedures under strict biosafety measures by trained veterinarians in field sites. 3. Brains are assessed at a fine-structural level via high-resolution MRI and state-of-the-art histology. Analyses confirm that excellent tissue quality of primate brains sourced in the field can be achieved with a comparable tissue quality of brains acquired from zoo-living primates. 4. Our field methods are noninvasive, here defined as not harming living animals, and may be applied to other mammal systems than primates. In sum, the field protocol and methodological pipeline validated here pose a major advance for assessing the influence of socio-ecology on medium to large mammal brains, at both macro- and microstructural levels as well as aiding with the functional annotation of brain regions and neuronal pathways via specific behaviour assessments.
Kinetic dielectric decrement revisited: phenomenology of finite ion concentrations
Creators: name: Sega, Marcello
name: Kantorovich, Sofia
name: Arnold, Axel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With the help of a recently developed non-equilibrium approach, we investigate the ionic strength dependence of the Hubbard--Onsager dielectric decrement. We compute the depolarization of water molecules caused by the motion of ions in sodium chloride solutions from the dilute regime (0.035 M) up close to the saturation concentration (4.24 M), and find that the kinetic decrement displays a strong nonmonotonic behavior, in contrast to the prediction of available models. We introduce a phenomenological modification of the Hubbard--Onsager continuum theory, that takes into account the screening due to the ionic cloud at mean field level, and, is able to describe the kinetic decrement at high concentrations including the presence of a pronounced minimum.
Critique and Speculation: Reconsidering Hegel's Early Dialectical Logic
Creators: name: Luciano, Giovanna
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Hegel
subject: early logic
subject: critique
subject: speculation
subject: 100 Philosophie und Psychologie::100 Philosophie::102 Verschiedenes

description: The aim of this article is to clarify the critical role of Hegel's early logic, through an assessment of the dialectical process of sublation [Aufhebung] of the determinations of finite thinking at stake within its exposition. I want to show that the dialectical-critical work of logic has a speculative meaning for Hegel, thereby displaying the inward correspondence between critical and speculative aspects of philosophical activity. By pointing out the evidence from fragmentary texts on logic relating to Hegel's teaching activity in 1801–1802, I will first put into question the idea of an introductory role of logic. In so doing I challenge a widespread reading which argues for the presence of a sharp separation between critical logic and speculative metaphysics. I will then focus on the texts on logic in the 1804–1805 Reinschrift, reading them as the worksite wherein the dawning form of a full-fledged dialectical logic is first prepared and elaborated. More generally, if this paves the way for establishing a continuity between Hegel's early and mature logic and his concept of dialectic, it is also paramount for understanding how the activity of systematic philosophy in the mature version of the system essentially constitutes an ongoing work on the forms of the finite.
Integrating social determinants of health in medical education: a bibliometric analysis study
Creators: name: Onchonga, David
name: ABDALLA, MOHAMED
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 42
subject: Health sciences
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: ObjectivesSocial determinants of health (SDH) are the prevalent enablers of health among populations, and integrating them in medical education will advance clinical care by integrating social and economic risk data into medical diagnosis and treatment. Despite the numerous publications on SDH and medical education, the publication trends are not known. The study aims to analyse publication trends in integrating SDH into medical education and the corresponding thematic areas.Study designThis was a bibliometric analysis study.MethodsBibliometric was used. Data from Scopus databases from January 2006 to June 2023 were retrieved with no language restriction. VOSviewer software was used for analysis. Bibliographic coupling was used to identify the clusters of published literature on the integration of SDH into medical education, followed by the analysis of annual distribution and growth trends, authors and co-author relationships and collaborations.ResultsA total of 1047 articles were retrieved. The annual research publication exhibited a swift surge in the studies conducted during the reviewed period. Five clusters of information were derived: relating to curriculum development, community engagement and service-learning, stakeholder collaborations, development of assessment methods and tools for SDH, and the impact of integrating SDH into medical education.ConclusionBibliometric analysis has revealed a growing trend in the field of integrating SDH into medical education, and the study has highlighted the research impact through bibliographic coupling by identifying the five thematic areas. This study lays a foundation for advancing knowledge on what has been published and possible areas for improvement in the integration of SDH into medical education.
The VP in language contact: on creation event lexicalization in Canadian French
Creators: name: Schirakowski, Barbara
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Canadian French
subject: judgment data
subject: linguistic dominance
subject: satellite-framed
subject: selective copying
subject: 400 Sprache::440 Französisch, romanische Sprachen allgemein::440 Romanische Sprachen; Französisch

description: The effects of language contact on semantic and syntactic properties of verbs can be considered as not yet extensively studied. This contribution is concerned with French as a typical verb-framed language that cannot freely combine manner verbs with result-denoting arguments within the VP. Drawing on creation events, the study explores if restrictions can loosen, and lexicalization preferences change when French is in contact to a satellite-framed language like English. Judgment data from bilingual speakers of Canadian French (CaFr) are compared to data from speakers of Hexagonal French (HFr). The analysis addresses how selective copying from English is relevant for the acceptability of different VPs and considers how the factors of individual and social language dominance might influence the judgments within the CaFr group. The results show that French manner verbs and direct objects can be coerced into creation readings in both test groups as long as only the selectional restrictions of a particular verb have to be adapted. When, however, a general constraint of French has to be overridden to arrive at a creation reading, acceptability is higher in the CaFr group, who can resort to combinatorial copying from English. Furthermore, VPs in which manner is not lexicalized in the verb are somewhat more accepted in the HFr group than in the CaFr group. Within the CaFr group, certain cases of satellite framing are judged somewhat better by speakers from an English dominant region, while VPs without a manner verb reach slightly higher scores among speakers from Quebec. It is thus shown how structural and speaker-related factors can affect the acceptability of event descriptions in language contact.
Réconcilier les énergies renouvelables avec le nucléaire : le projet NATRIUM
Creators: name: Sanchis, Gérald
Publisher: name: SEE
Year: 2021

description: Le Department of Energy américain (DoE) vient d’apporter son soutien au développement d’un nouveau concept de centrale électrique, associant un réacteur nucléaire et un stockage d’énergie, solution mise en avant pour gérer l’intermittence des énergies éoliennes et solaires.
Enhanced Current Density and Asymmetry of Metal-Insulator-Metal Diodes Based on the Self-Assembly of Pt Nanoparticles for Optical Rectennas
Creators: name: Liu, Zhen
name: Abe, Shunsuke
name: Shimizu, Makoto
name: Yugami, Hiroo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Optical rectennas consist of nano-antennas and nano-scale rectifying diodes, providing extensive prospects for thermal radiation energy harvesting applications. To achieve this, high current density and high asymmetry must be simultaneously obtained in rectifying diodes with ultra-high-speed responses to optical frequencies. In this study, we report a metal-insulator-metal (MIM) diode with a strongly enhanced electric field achieved via the self-assembly of uniform Pt nanoparticles (NPs) using atomic layer deposition. An enhancement of several orders of magnitude in the current density and asymmetry of this system in comparison to conventional MIM diodes was realized by shaping the tunneling barrier. The diode efficiency of the proposed MIM diodes experimentally confirmed that significantly exceeds the MIM diode without NPs by 231 times. Furthermore, the proposed strategy can be integrated with various advanced tunnel diodes to achieve high-performance optical rectennas.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Experimental and theoretical investigation of angular dependence of the Casimir force between sinusoidally corrugated surfaces
Creators: name: Banishev, A. A.
name: Wagner, J.
name: Emig, T.
name: Zandi, R.
name: Mohideen, U.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the current work we present the complete results for the measurement of normal Casimir force between shallow and smooth sinusoidally corrugated gold coated sphere and a plate at various angles between the corrugations using an atomic force microscope. All measured data were compared with the theoretical approach using the proximity force approximation and theory based on derivative expansion. In both cases real material properties of the surfaces and non-zero temperature were taken into account. Special attention is paid to the description of electrostatic interactions between corrugated surfaces at different angels between corrugations and samples reparation and characterization. The measured forces are found to be in good agreement with the theory including correlation effects of geometry and material properties and deviate significantly from the predictions of the proximity force approximation approach. This provides the quantitative confirmation for the observation of diffraction-type effects that are disregarded within the PFA approach. The obtained results open new opportunities for control of the Casimir effect in micromechanical systems.
Entretien avec Bernard Salha - La R&D d’EDF : un acteur majeur de la transition énergétique
Creators: name: Salha, Bernard
Publisher: name: SEE
Year: 2021

description: La transition énergétique, à laquelle aspirent aujourd’hui la plupart des pays ne se fera pas sans une décarbonation totale de la production d’électricité et sans une électrification massive de tous les usages qui peuvent l’accepter. Comment la direction de la R d’EDF contribue-t-elle, au sein du grand électricien national, à l’atteinte de ces objectifs ?
CosmoGridV1: a simulated $w$CDM theory prediction for map-level cosmological inference
Creators: name: Kacprzak, Tomasz
name: Fluri, Janis
name: Schneider, Aurel
name: Refregier, Alexandre
name: Stadel, Joachim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present CosmoGridV1: a large set of lightcone simulations for map-level cosmological inference with probes of large scale structure. It is designed for cosmological parameter measurement based on Stage-III photometric surveys with non-Gaussian statistics and machine learning. CosmoGridV1 spans the $w$CDM model by varying $Ω_m$, $σ_8$, $w_0$, $H_0$, $n_s$, $Ω_b$, and assumes three degenerate neutrinos with $\sum m_ν$ = 0.06 eV. This space is covered by 2500 grid points on a Sobol sequence. At each grid point, we run 7 simulations with PkdGrav3 and store 69 particle maps at nside=2048 up to $z$=3.5, as well as halo catalog snapshots. The fiducial cosmology has 200 independent simulations, along with their stencil derivatives. An important part of CosmoGridV1 is the benchmark set of 28 simulations, which include larger boxes, higher particle counts, and higher redshift resolution of shells. They allow for testing if new types of analyses are sensitive to choices made in CosmoGridV1. We add baryon feedback effects on the map level, using shell-based baryon correction model. The shells are used to create maps of weak gravitational lensing, intrinsic alignment, and galaxy clustering, using the UFalcon code. The main part of CosmoGridV1 are the raw particle count shells that can be used to create full-sky maps for a given $n(z)$. We also release projected maps for a Stage-III forecast, as well as maps used previously in KiDS-1000 deep learning constraints with CosmoGridV1. The data is available at www.cosmogrid.ai.
description: Data publicly available at www.cosmogrid.ai
Role of Potassium in Electrocatalytic Water Oxidation Investigated in a Volume-Active Cobalt Material at Neutral pH
Creators: name: Liu, Si
name: Farhoosh, Shima
name: Beyer, Paul
name: Mebs, Stefan
name: Zaharieva, Ivelina
name: Haumann, Michael
name: Dau, Holger
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: cobalt oxyhydroxide
subject: operando spectroscopy
subject: oxygen evolution reaction
subject: electrocatalysis
subject: X-ray absorption spectroscopy
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::530 Physik

description: The oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is crucial in systems for sustainable production of hydrogen and other fuels. Catalytic OER materials often undergo potential-induced redox transitions localized at metal sites. For volume-active catalyst-materials, these are necessarily coupled to charge-compensating relocation of ions entering or leaving the material, which is insufficiently understood. The binding mode and mechanistic role of redox-inert ions for a cobalt-based oxyhydroxide material (CoCat) when operated at neutral pH in potassium-phosphate (KPi) electrolyte are investigated by i) determination of K:Co and P:Co stoichiometries for various KPi-concentrations and electrode potentials, ii) operando X-ray spectroscopy at the potassium and cobalt K-edges, and iii) novel time-resolved X-ray experiments facilitating comparison of K-release and Co-oxidation kinetics. Potassium likely binds non-specifically within water layers interfacing Co-oxyhydoxide fragments involving potassium–phosphate ion pairs. The potassium-release kinetics are potential-independent with a fast-phase time-constant of about 5 s and thus clearly slower than the potential-induced Co oxidation of about 300 ms. It is concluded that the charge-compensating ion flow is realized neither by potassium nor by phosphate ions, but by protons. The results reported here are likely relevant also for a broader class of volume-active OER catalyst materials and for the amorphized near-surface regions of microcrystalline materials.
3D radiative transfer kilonova modelling for binary neutron star merger simulations
Creators: name: Collins, Christine E.
name: Bauswein, Andreas
name: Sim, Stuart A.
name: Vijayan, Vimal
name: Martínez-Pinedo, Gabriel
name: Just, Oliver
name: Shingles, Luke J.
name: Kromer, Markus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The detection of GW170817 and the accompanying electromagnetic counterpart, AT2017gfo, have provided an important set of observational constraints for theoretical models of neutron star mergers, nucleosynthesis, and radiative transfer for kilonovae. We apply the 3D Monte Carlo radiative transfer code ARTIS to produce synthetic light curves of the dynamical ejecta from a neutron star merger, which has been modelled with 3D smooth-particle hydrodynamics (SPH) and included neutrino interactions. Nucleosynthesis calculations provide the energy released from radioactive decays of r-process nuclei, and radiation transport is performed using grey opacities given as functions of the electron fraction. We present line-of-sight dependent bolometric light curves, and find the emission along polar lines of sight to be up to a factor of ~2 brighter than along equatorial lines of sight. Instead of a distinct emission peak, our bolometric light curve exhibits a monotonic decline, characterised by a shoulder at the time when the bulk ejecta becomes optically thin. We show approximate band light curves based on radiation temperatures and compare these to the observations of AT2017gfo. We find that the rapidly declining temperatures lead to a blue to red colour evolution similar to that shown by AT2017gfo. We also investigate the impact of an additional, spherically symmetric secular ejecta component, and we find that the early light curve remains nearly unaffected, while after about 1 day the emission is strongly enhanced and dominated by the secular ejecta, leading to the shift of the shoulder from 1-2 to 6-10 days.
description: Accepted by MNRAS
Language contact between Italian and English: a case study on nouns ending in the suffix -ing
Creators: name: Meinschaefer, Judith
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: event structure
subject: Italian language
subject: loan words
subject: morphological borrowing
subject: nominalization
subject: 400 Sprache::450 Italienisch, Rumänisch, Rätoromanisch::450 Italienisch, Rumänisch, Rätoromanisch

description: The article deals with how English deverbal nouns with the suffix -ing have been imported into Italian. The focus is on the semantic characteristics of these borrowed nouns in Italian and, in particular, on the question of whether they have been borrowed not as simple sign-concept pairings but with argument and event structure. In previous research, it has been claimed that argument and event structure need to be licensed by some overt functional element. Hence, borrowed deverbal nouns should have argument structure and event structure only if they have an overt affix, in other words, only if the forms are not borrowed holistically as unsegmented words but retain internal morphological structure, implying that morphological borrowing of the affix has occurred. When a foreign affix combines with native bases of the recipient language, this is often considered an important criterion for morphological borrowing, which is clearly not the case for the suffix -ing in Italian. Here, it will be shown that contrary to expectation, numerous occurrences with argument and event structure may be found in a large Italian web corpus for a sample of English deverbal nouns ending in -ing, borrowed into (certain registers) of Italian.
CIGRE, un jeune centenaire
Creators: name: Adam, Philippe
Publisher: name: SEE
Year: 2021

description: Faisons mieux connaissance avec CIGRE, société savante internationale créée en France il y a bientôt 100 ans, qui a su développer au travers des années son attractivité pour un public d’abord intéressé par les grands réseaux électriques puis par des sujets de plus en plus variés.
Energy distribution of a regular black hole solution in Einstein-nonlinear electrodynamics
Creators: name: Radinschi, I.
name: Rahaman, F.
name: Grammenos, Th.
name: Spanou, A.
name: Islam, Sayeedul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work a study about the energy-momentum of a new four-dimensional spherically symmetric, static and charged, regular black hole solution developed in the context of general relativity coupled to nonlinear electrodynamics is presented. Asymptotically, this new black hole solution behaves as the Reissner-Nordström solution only for the particular value μ=4, where μ is a positive integer parameter appearing in the mass function of the solution. The calculations are performed by use of the Einstein, Landau-Lifshitz, Weinberg and Møller energy-momentum complexes. In all the aforesaid prescriptions, the expressions for the energy of the gravitating system considered depend on the mass M of the black hole, its charge q, a positive integer α and the radial coordinate r. In all these pseudotensorial prescriptions the momenta are found to vanish, while the Landau-Lifshitz and Weinberg prescriptions give the same result for the energy distribution. In addition, the limiting behavior of the energy for the cases r tends toward infinity, r=0 and q=0 is studied. The special case μ=4 and α=3 is also examined. We conclude that the Einstein and Møller energy-momentum complexes can be considered as the most reliable tools for the study of the energy-momentum localization of a gravitating system.
description: 18 pages, LaTex, a new and extended version of arXiv:1404.6410 with more authors
Impact of Bidentate Pyridyl-Mesoionic Carbene Ligands: Structural, (Spectro)Electrochemical, Photophysical, and Theoretical Investigations on Ruthenium(II) Complexes
Creators: name: Bens, Tobias
name: Kubler, Jasmin A.
name: Walter, Robert R. M.
name: Beerhues, Julia
name: Wenger, Oliver S.
name: Sarkar, Biprajit
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: mesoionic carbenes
subject: (spectro)electrochemistry
subject: photochemistry
subject: ruthenium
subject: bipyridine
subject: metal to ligand charge transfer
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften

description: We present here new synthetic strategies for the isolation of a series of Ru(II) complexes with pyridyl-mesoionic carbene ligands (MIC) of the 1,2,3-triazole-5-ylidene type, in which the bpy ligands (bpy = 2,2′-bipyridine) of the archetypical [Ru(bpy)3]2+ have been successively replaced by one, two, or three pyridyl-MIC ligands. Three new complexes have been isolated and investigated via NMR spectroscopy and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The incorporation of one MIC unit shifts the potential of the metal-centered oxidation about 160 mV to more cathodic potential in cyclic voltammetry, demonstrating the extraordinary σ-donor ability of the pyridyl-MIC ligand, while the π-acceptor capacities are dominated by the bpy ligand, as indicated by electron paramagnetic resonance spectroelectrochemistry (EPR-SEC). The replacement of all bpy ligands by the pyridyl-MIC ligand results in an anoidic shift of the ligand-centered reduction by 390 mV compared to the well-established [Ru(bpy)3]2+ complex. In addition, UV/vis/NIR-SEC in combination with theoretical calculations provided detailed insights into the electronic structures of the respective redox states, taking into account the total number of pyridyl-MIC ligands incorporated in the Ru(II) complexes. The luminescence quantum yield and lifetimes were determined by time-resolved absorption and emission spectroscopy. An estimation of the excited state redox potentials conclusively showed that the pyridyl-MIC ligand can tune the photoredox activity of the isolated complexes to stronger photoreductants. These observations can provide new strategies for the design of photocatalysts and photosensitizers based on MICs.
Measurement of the t t-bar production cross section in the dilepton channel in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 8 TeV
Creators: name: CMS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The top-antitop quark (t t-bar) production cross section is measured in proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s) = 8 TeV with the CMS experiment at the LHC, using a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 5.3 inverse femtobarns. The measurement is performed by analysing events with a pair of electrons or muons, or one electron and one muon, and at least two jets, one of which is identified as originating from hadronisation of a bottom quark. The measured cross section is 239 +/- 2 (stat.) +/- 11 (syst.) +/- 6 (lum.) pb, for an assumed top-quark mass of 172.5 GeV, in agreement with the prediction of the standard model.
description: Replaced with published version. Added journal reference and DOI
Merging and disconnecting resonance tongues in a pulsing excitable microlaser with delayed optical feedback
Creators: name: Terrien, Soizic
name: Krauskopf, Bernd
name: Broderick, Neil G. R.
name: Pammi, Venkata A.
name: Braive, Rémy
name: Sagnes, Isabelle
name: Beaudoin, Grégoire
name: Pantzas, Konstantinos
name: Barbay, Sylvain
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Excitability, encountered in numerous fields from biology to neurosciences and optics, is a general phenomenon characterized by an all-or-none response of a system to an external perturbation. When subject to delayed feedback, excitable systems can sustain multistable pulsing regimes, which are either regular or irregular time sequences of pulses reappearing every delay time. Here, we investigate an excitable microlaser subject to delayed optical feedback and study the emergence of complex pulsing dynamics, including periodic, quasiperiodic and irregular pulsing regimes. This work is motivated by experimental observations showing these different types of pulsing dynamics. A suitable mathematical model, written as a system of delay differential equations, is investigated through an in-depth bifurcation analysis. We demonstrate that resonance tongues play a key role in the emergence of complex dynamics, including non-equidistant periodic pulsing solutions and chaotic pulsing. The structure of resonance tongues is shown to depend very sensitively on the pump parameter. Successive saddle transitions of bounding saddle-node bifurcations constitute a merging process that results in unexpectedly large locking regions, which subsequently disconnect from the relevant torus bifurcation curve; the existence of such unconnected regions of periodic pulsing is in excellent agreement with experimental observations. As we show, the transition to unconnected resonance regions is due to a general mechanism: the interaction of resonance tongues locally at an extremum of the rotation number on a torus bifurcation curve. We present and illustrate the two generic cases of disconnecting and of disappearing resonance tongues. Moreover, we show how a maximum and a minimum of the rotation number appears naturally when two torus bifurcation curves undergo a saddle transition (where they connect differently).
description: 11 figures
La famille Becquerel - La saga d’une dynastie physicienne
Creators: name: Leconte, Marc
Publisher: name: SEE
Year: 2021

description: Le 12 novembre 1903, l’Académie royale des sciences de Suède décernait le prix Nobel de physique à Henri Becquerel en récompense des services extraordinaires rendus par sa découverte de la radioactivité naturelle. Henri Becquerel reportait le mérite de sa découverte sur son grand père et son père. Quel étaient donc ces ascendants dont Henri était si fier et redevable ?
Mussel-Inspired Polyglycerol Coatings for Surface Modification with Tunable Architecture
Creators: name: Tang, Peng
name: Ma, Guoxin
name: Nickl, Philip
name: Nie, Chuanxiong
name: Yu, Leixiao
name: Haag, Rainer
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: biointerfaces
subject: cell adhesion
subject: mussel-inspired polyglycerols
subject: surface functionalization
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften

description: Mussel-inspired coatings, known for their outstanding substrate-independent adhesive capabilities, have numerous potential applications in materials science and biomedical fields. To improve the understanding of how these polymers’ molecular structure and chemical composition affect their coating mechanisms and resulting coating properties, herein three mussel-inspired polymers are developed: dendritic polyglycerol with 40% catechol groups and 60% amines (dPG40), linear polyglycerol with 80% catechols and 20% amines (lPG80), and finally lPG40 with 40% catechols and 60% amines. After a series of characterizations, it is found that chemical surface modification with a monolayer coating can be easily achieved with lPG40, and that robust and well-defined nano- to micro-structural surface coatings are possible with lPG80 and dPG40. Tunable properties are found to include not only coating speed, but coating thickness, roughness, and surficial topography. This diverse suite of controllable attributes enables mussel-inspired polyglycerol (MiPG) coatings to satisfy a wide-range of applications on multiple materials
Large-$n$ approach to thermodynamic Casimir effects in slabs with free surfaces
Creators: name: Diehl, H. W.
name: Grüneberg, Daniel
name: Hasenbusch, Martin
name: Hucht, Alfred
name: Rutkevich, Sergei B.
name: Schmidt, Felix M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The classical $n$-vector $ϕ^4$ model with $O(n)$ symmetrical Hamiltonian ${\cal H}$ is considered in a $\infty^2\times L$ slab geometry bounded by a pair of parallel free surface planes at separation $L$. The temperature-dependent scaling functions of the excess free energy and the thermodynamic Casimir force are computed in the large-$n$ limit for temperatures $T$ at, above, and below the bulk critical temperature $T_{\rm c}$. Their $n=\infty$ limits can be expressed exactly in terms of the eigensystem of a self-consistent one-dimensional Schrödinger equation. This equation is solved by numerical means for two distinct discretized versions of the model: in the first ("model A"), only the coordinate $z$ across the slab is discretized and the integrations over momenta conjugate to the lateral coordinates are regularized dimensionally; in the second ("model B"), a simple cubic lattice with periodic boundary conditions along the lateral directions is used. Renormalization-group ideas are invoked to show that, in addition to corrections to scaling $\propto L^{-1}$, anomalous ones $\propto L^{-1}\ln L$ should occur. They can be considerably decreased by taking an appropriate $g\to\infty$ ($T_{\rm c}\to\infty$) limit of the $ϕ^4$ interaction constant $g$. Depending on the model A or B, they can be absorbed completely or to a large extent in an effective thickness $L_{\rm eff}=L+δL$. Excellent data collapses and consistent high-precision results for both models are obtained. The approach to the low-temperature Goldstone values of the scaling functions is shown to involve logarithmic anomalies. The scaling functions exhibit all qualitative features seen in experiments on the thinning of wetting layers of ${}^4$He and Monte Carlo simulations of $XY$ models, including a pronounced minimum of the Casimir force below $T_{\rm c}$.
description: 24 pages, 6 figures
La commande vocale est-elle l’avenir du e-commerce ?
Creators: name: Valois, Christophe Cotin
Publisher: name: SEE
Year: 2021

description: Dans les faits, la commande vocale est une belle promesse d’avenir pour le e-commerce. Dans un monde rêvé, elle permet de commander d’où que vous soyez une paire de bottes en cuir flambant neuve taille 40 sur votre site préféré, juste en parlant à votre téléphone ou à votre assistant vocal. Mais dans les faits, que penser de cette innovation appliquée au e-commerce alors que seulement la moitié du top 10 de la FEVAD 1 intègre la voix ?
Direct measurement of electrocaloric effect based on multi-harmonic lock-in thermography
Creators: name: Iguchi, Ryo
name: Fukuda, Daisuke
name: Kano, Jun
name: Teranishi, Takashi
name: Uchida, Ken-ichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this study, we report on a direct measurement method for the electrocaloric effect, the heating/cooling upon application/removal of an electric field in dielectric materials, based on a lock-in thermography technique. By use of sinusoidal excitation and multi-harmonic detection, the actual temperature change can be measured by a single measurement in the frequency domain even when the electrocaloric effect shows nonlinear response to the excitation field. We have demonstrated the method by measuring the temperature dependence of the electric-field-induced temperature change for two Sr-doped BaTiO$_3$ systems with different ferroelectric-paraelectric phase transition temperatures, where the procedure for extracting the pure electrocaloric contribution free from heat losses and Joule heating due to leakage currents is introduced. This method can be used irrespective of the type of dielectric materials and enables simultaneous estimation of the polarization change and power dissipation during the application of the electric field, being a convenient imaging measurement method for the electrocaloric effect.
Le morphing électroactif bio-inspiré pour accroître les performances aérodynamiques des ailes du futur
Creators: name: Carvalho, Mateus
Publisher: name: SEE
Year: 2021

description: De nombreuses études scientifiques dans le domaine de l’aéronautique ont pour objectif d’augmenter les performances aérodynamiques. Inspiré de la nature, un prototype d’aile de type Airbus A320 équipé d’actionneurs intelligents a été réalisé pour analyser les effets du morphing électroactif en phases de vol, de décollage et d’atterrissage.
Hurricanes affect diversification among individual life courses of a primate population
Creators: name: Diaz, Alexis A.
name: Steiner, Ulrich K.
name: Tuljapurkar, Shripad
name: Zuo, Wenyun
name: Hernández-Pacheco, Raisa
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cayo Santiago
subject: eco-evolutionary dynamics
subject: extreme climatic events
subject: hurricanes
subject: individual heterogeneity
subject: individual stochasticity
subject: matrix population models
subject: population entropy
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: 1. Extreme climatic events may influence individual- level variability in phenotypes, survival and reproduction, and thereby drive the pace of evolution. Climate mod -els predict increases in the frequency of intense hurricanes, but no study has measured their impact on individual life courses within animal populations. 2. We used 45 years of demographic data of rhesus macaques to quantify the influ- ence of major hurricanes on reproductive life courses using multiple metrics of dynamic heterogeneity accounting for life course variability and life-history trait variances. 3. To reduce intraspecific competition, individuals may explore new reproductive stages during years of major hurricanes, resulting in higher temporal variation in reproductive trajectories. Alternatively, individuals may opt for a single optimal life-history strategy due to trade- offs between survival and reproduction. 4. Our results show that heterogeneity in reproductive life courses increased by 4% during years of major hurricanes, despite a 2% reduction in the asymptotic growth rate due to an average decrease in mean fertility and survival by that is, shortened life courses and reduced reproductive output. In agreement with this, the population is expected to achieve stable population dynamics faster after being perturbed by a hurricane (p = 1.512 ; 95% CI: 1.488, 1.538), relative to ordi- nary years (p = 1.482; 1.475, 1.490). 5. Our work suggests that natural disasters force individuals into new demographic roles to potentially reduce competition during unfavourable environments where mean reproduction and survival are compromised. Variance in lifetime reproduc- tive success and longevity are differently affected by hurricanes, and such vari- ability is mostly driven by survival.
M-theory interpretation of the real topological string
Creators: name: Piazzalunga, Nicolò
name: Uranga, Angel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We describe the type IIA physical realization of the unoriented topological string introduced by Walcher, describe its M-theory lift, and show that it allows to compute the open and unoriented topological amplitude in terms of one-loop diagram of BPS M2-brane states. This confirms and allows to generalize the conjectured BPS integer expansion of the topological amplitude. The M-theory lift of the orientifold is freely acting on the M-theory circle, so that integer multiplicities are a weighted version of the (equivariant subsector of the) original closed oriented Gopakumar-Vafa invariants. The M-theory lift also provides new perspective on the topological tadpole cancellation conditions. We finally comment on the M-theory version of other unoriented topological strings, and clarify certain misidentifications in earlier discussions in the literature.
description: pdflatex, 29 pages, 1 figure; v2: minor changes (ref 29 added, appendix A title corrected)
Reproductive Entanglements in Times of War: Transnational Gestational Surrogacy in Ukraine and Beyond
Creators: name: König, Anika
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Germany
subject: Ukraine
subject: Cross-border reproductive care
subject: surrogacy
subject: vulnerability
subject: war
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::300 Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie::301 Soziologie, Anthropologie

description: Until early 2022, within the global fertility industry, Ukraine was one of the most important destinations for reproductive travel worldwide, particularly specializing in gestational surrogacy for international intended parents. Already weakened by the COVID-19 pandemic and related restrictions, the surrogacy market, and here especially surrogates and intended parents, was strongly affected by the Russian invasion in February 2022. In this article, I discuss and analyze the reproductive entanglements of surrogates, intended parents, and the children born through such transnational surrogacy arrangements in Ukraine and how this extreme crisis of war exposed and exacerbated existing vulnerabilities.
X-ray Lines from Dark Matter: The Good, The Bad, and The Unlikely
Creators: name: Frandsen, Mads
name: Sannino, Francesco
name: Shoemaker, Ian M.
name: Svendsen, Ole
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider three classes of dark matter (DM) models to account for the recently observed 3.5 keV line: metastable excited state DM, annihilating DM, and decaying DM. We study two examples of metastable excited state DM. The first, millicharged composite DM, has both inelasticity and photon emission built in, but with a very constrained parameter space. In the second example, up-scattering and decay come from separate sectors and is thus less constrained. The decay of the excited state can potentially be detectable at direct detection experiments. However we find that CMB constraints are at the border of excluding this as an interpretation of the DAMA signal. The annihilating DM interpretation of the X-ray line is found to be in tension with CMB constraints. Lastly, a generalized version of decaying DM can account for the data with a lifetime exceeding the age of the Universe for masses $\lesssim 10^{6}$ GeV.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures; updated to match JCAP published version
Observation of Turbulent Magnetohydrodynamic Cascade in the Jovian Magnetosheath
Creators: name: Andrés, N.
name: Bandyopadhyay, R.
name: McComas, D. J.
name: Szalay, J. R.
name: Allegrini, F.
name: Ebert, R. W.
name: Gershman, D. J.
name: Connerney, J. E. P.
name: Bolton, S. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first estimation of the energy cascade rate in Jupiter's magnetosheath (MS). We use in-situ observations from the Jovian Auroral Distributions Experiment (JADE) and the magnetometer investigation (MAG) instruments onboard the Juno spacecraft, in concert with two recent compressible models to investigate the cascade rate in the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) scales. While a high level of compressible density fluctuations is observed in the Jovian MS, a constant energy flux exists in the MHD inertial range. The compressible isothermal and polytropic energy cascade rates increase in the MHD range when density fluctuations are present. We find that the energy cascade rate in Jupiter's magnetosheath is at least two orders of magnitude (100 times) smaller than the corresponding typical value in the Earth's magnetosheath.
description: To be published in The Astrophysical Journal
Geometric Deep Learning for Molecular Crystal Structure Prediction
Creators: name: Kilgour, Michael
name: Rogal, Jutta
name: Tuckerman, Mark
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Crystal structure
subject: Crystals
subject: Molecular modeling
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften

description: We develop and test new machine learning strategies for accelerating molecular crystal structure ranking and crystal property prediction using tools from geometric deep learning on molecular graphs. Leveraging developments in graph-based learning and the availability of large molecular crystal data sets, we train models for density prediction and stability ranking which are accurate, fast to evaluate, and applicable to molecules of widely varying size and composition. Our density prediction model, MolXtalNet-D, achieves state-of-the-art performance, with lower than 2% mean absolute error on a large and diverse test data set. Our crystal ranking tool, MolXtalNet-S, correctly discriminates experimental samples from synthetically generated fakes and is further validated through analysis of the submissions to the Cambridge Structural Database Blind Tests 5 and 6. Our new tools are computationally cheap and flexible enough to be deployed within an existing crystal structure prediction pipeline both to reduce the search space and score/filter crystal structure candidates.