cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
PanG, a New Ketopantoate Reductase Involved in Pantothenate Synthesis
Creators: name: Steele, S. P.
name: Fuller, J. R.
name: Miller, C. N.
name: Kijek, T. M.
name: LoVullo, E. D.
name: Taft-Benz, S. A.
name: Kawula, T. H.
name: Brunton, J. C.
name: Richardson, A. R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Pantothenate, commonly referred to as vitamin B5, is an essential molecule in the metabolism of living organisms and forms the core of coenzyme A. Unlike humans, some bacteria and plants are capable of de novo biosynthesis of pantothenate, making this pathway a potential target for drug development. Francisella tularensis subsp. tularensis Schu S4 is a zoonotic bacterial pathogen that is able to synthesize pantothenate but is lacking the known ketopantoate reductase (KPR) genes, panE and ilvC, found in the canonical Escherichia coli pathway. Described herein is a gene encoding a novel KPR, for which we propose the name panG (FTT1388), which is conserved in all sequenced Francisella species and is the sole KPR in Schu S4. Homologs of this KPR are present in other pathogenic bacteria such as Enterococcus faecalis, Coxiella burnetii, and Clostridium difficile. Both the homologous gene from E. faecalis V583 (EF1861) and E. coli panE functionally complemented Francisella novicida lacking any KPR. Furthermore, panG from F. novicida can complement an E. coli KPR double mutant. A Schu S4 ΔpanG strain is a pantothenate auxotroph and was genetically and chemically complemented with panG in trans or with the addition of pantolactone. There was no virulence defect in the Schu S4 ΔpanG strain compared to the wild type in a mouse model of pneumonic tularemia. In summary, we characterized the pantothenate pathway in Francisella novicida and F. tularensis and identified an unknown and previously uncharacterized KPR that can convert 2-dehydropantoate to pantoate, PanG.
A lei de contratação de advogados por inexigibilidade de licitação, Revista Consultor Jurídico, set. 2020
Creators: name: Dotta, Alexandre Godoy
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 160505 Economic Development Policy
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: 160203 Courts and Sentencing
subject: FOS: Law

description: O artigo aborda a temática da contratação direta de serviços de advocacia pela Administração Pública. Na oportunidade, discorri sobre requisitos essenciais a essas contratações, que costumam ser interpretadas com bastante “enviesamento” de parte a parte, alguns com o fim de eliminá-las e outros com o da “libera geral”.
PI-VAE: Physics-Informed Variational Auto-Encoder for stochastic differential equations
Creators: name: Zhong, Weiheng
name: Meidani, Hadi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose a new class of physics-informed neural networks, called physics-informed Variational Autoencoder (PI-VAE), to solve stochastic differential equations (SDEs) or inverse problems involving SDEs. In these problems the governing equations are known but only a limited number of measurements of system parameters are available. PI-VAE consists of a variational autoencoder (VAE), which generates samples of system variables and parameters. This generative model is integrated with the governing equations. In this integration, the derivatives of VAE outputs are readily calculated using automatic differentiation, and used in the physics-based loss term. In this work, the loss function is chosen to be the Maximum Mean Discrepancy (MMD) for improved performance, and neural network parameters are updated iteratively using the stochastic gradient descent algorithm. We first test the proposed method on approximating stochastic processes. Then we study three types of problems related to SDEs: forward and inverse problems together with mixed problems where system parameters and solutions are simultaneously calculated. The satisfactory accuracy and efficiency of the proposed method are numerically demonstrated in comparison with physics-informed generative adversarial network (PI-WGAN).
Efficient color code decoders in $d\geq 2$ dimensions from toric code decoders
Creators: name: Kubica, Aleksander
name: Delfosse, Nicolas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce an efficient decoder of the color code in $d\geq 2$ dimensions, the Restriction Decoder, which uses any $d$-dimensional toric code decoder combined with a local lifting procedure to find a recovery operation. We prove that the Restriction Decoder successfully corrects errors in the color code if and only if the corresponding toric code decoding succeeds. We also numerically estimate the Restriction Decoder threshold for the color code in two and three dimensions against the bit-flip and phase-flip noise with perfect syndrome extraction. We report that the 2D color code threshold $p_{\textrm{2D}} \approx 10.2\%$ on the square-octagon lattice is on a par with the toric code threshold on the square lattice.
description: 32 pages, 12 figures, journal version (same as v2, different license)
Coronavírus e a volta do interesse público, Revista Consultor Jurídico, abr. 2017
Creators: name: Motta, Fabrício
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 160509 Public Administration
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: 160510 Public Policy
subject: 140213 Public Economics- Public Choice
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: 160512 Social Policy

description: Não é fácil um ato de corrupção virar manchete no Brasil, tamanha a concorrência. O upgrade das pequenas notas dos jornais para a página principal exige esforço, dedicação e uma dose de originalidade, pois estamos acostumados com escândalos. Merecer chamada no começo dos jornais televisivos do horário nobre pode ser considerada a primeira classe do ato - ou do sujeito - corrupto: muitos tentam, mas conseguir obter esse status relevante.
Length control of long cell protrusions: rulers, timers and transport
Creators: name: Patra, Swayamshree
name: Chowdhury, Debashish
name: Jülicher, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Subcellular Processes (q-bio.SC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: A living cell uses long tubular appendages for locomotion and sensory purposes. Hence, assembling and maintaining a protrusion of correct length is crucial for its survival and overall performance. Usually the protrusions lack the machinery for the synthesis of building blocks and imports them from the cell body. What are the unique features of the transport logistics which facilitate the exchange of these building blocks between the cell and the protrusion? What kind of `rulers' and `timers' does the cell use for constructing its appendages of correct length on time? How do the multiple appendages coordinate and communicate among themselves during different stages of their existence? How frequently do the fluctuations drive the length of these dynamic protrusions out of the acceptable bounds? These questions are addressed from a broad perspective in this review which is organized in three parts. In part-I the list of all known cell protrusions is followed by a comprehensive list of the mechanisms of length control of cell protrusions reported in the literature. We review not only the dynamics of the genesis of the protrusions, but also their resorption and regrowth as well as regeneration after amputation. As a case study in part-II, the specific cell protrusion that has been discussed in detail is eukaryotic flagellum (also known as cilium); this choice was dictated by the fact that flagellar length control mechanisms have been studied most extensively over more than half a century in cells with two or more flagella. Although limited in scope, brief discussions on a few non-flagellar cell protrusions in part-III of this review is intended to provide a glimpse of the uncharted territories and challenging frontiers of research on subcellular length control phenomena that awaits vigorous investigations.
description: Preprint of a Review Article; comments are welcome
Integral $p$-adic étale cohomology of Drinfeld symmetric spaces
Creators: name: Colmez, Pierre
name: Dospinescu, Gabriel
name: Nizioł, Wiesława
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We compute the integral $p$-adic étale cohomology of Drinfeld symmetric spaces of any dimension. This refines the computation of the rational $p$-adic étale cohomology from Colmez-Dospinescu-Nizioł. The main tools are: the computation of the integral de Rham cohomology from CDN and the integral $p$-adic comparison theorems of Bhatt-Morrow-Scholze and Česnavičius-Koshikawa which replace the quasi-integral comparison theorem of Tsuji used in CDN.
Large-scale peculiar velocities through the galaxy luminosity function at z ~ 0.1
Creators: name: Feix, Martin
name: Nusser, Adi
name: Branchini, Enzo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Peculiar motion introduces systematic variations in the observed luminosity distribution of galaxies. This allows one to constrain the cosmic peculiar velocity field from large galaxy redshift surveys. Using around half a million galaxies from the SDSS Data Release 7 at z ~ 0.1, we demonstrate the applicability of this approach to large datasets and obtain bounds on peculiar velocity moments and $σ_{8}$, the amplitude of the linear matter power spectrum. Our results are in good agreement with the $Λ$CDM model and consistent with the previously reported ~ 1% zero-point tilt in the SDSS photometry. Finally, we discuss the prospects of constraining the growth rate of density perturbations by reconstructing the full linear velocity field from the observed galaxy clustering in redshift space.
description: Proceedings of IAU Symposium 308 "The Zeldovich Universe: Genesis and Growth of the Cosmic Web", 23-28 June 2014, Tallinn, Estonia
Costs of Storage and Selected Services for Farmers' Stock Peanuts in Commercial Facilities, 1971/72
Creators: name: Wynn, N. A.
name: Pearrow, Joan
name: Wynn, N. A.
name: Pearrow, Joan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1973
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Production Economics
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Costs
subject: peanuts
subject: storage
subject: drying
subject: cleaning

description: Costs of storing and providing selected services for farmers' stock peanuts in commercial facilities during fiscal 1971/72 are presented for the three major producing areas by main types of peanuts handled and stored. Book and standardized costs are given for receiving, loading out, storing, insect control, drying, and cleaning. Data are for a sample of 87 storage firms selected to represent principal types of facilities in each producing area.
Prospects for improving the sensitivity of KAGRA gravitational wave detector
Creators: name: Michimura, Yuta
name: Ando, Masaki
name: Capocasa, Eleonora
name: Enomoto, Yutaro
name: Flaminio, Raffaele
name: Haino, Sadakazu
name: Hayama, Kazuhiro
name: Hirose, Eiichi
name: Itoh, Yousuke
name: Kinugawa, Tomoya
name: Komori, Kentro
name: Leonardi, Matteo
name: Mio, Norikatsu
name: Nagano, Koji
name: Nakano, Hiroyuki
name: Nishizawa, Atsushi
name: Sago, Norichika
name: Shibata, Masaru
name: Shinkai, Hisaaki
name: Somiya, Kentaro
name: Takeda, Hiroki
name: Tanaka, Takahiro
name: Tanioka, Satoshi
name: Wei, Li-Wei
name: Yamamoto, Kazuhiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: KAGRA is a new gravitational wave detector which aims to begin joint observation with Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo from late 2019. Here, we present KAGRA's possible upgrade plans to improve the sensitivity in the decade ahead. Unlike other state-of-the-art detectors, KAGRA requires different investigations for the upgrade since it is the only detector which employs cryogenic cooling of the test mass mirrors. In this paper, investigations on the upgrade plans which can be realized by changing the input laser power, increasing the mirror mass, and injecting frequency dependent squeezed vacuum are presented. We show how each upgrade affects to the detector frequency bands and also discuss impacts on gravitational-wave science. We then propose an effective progression of upgrades based on technical feasibility and scientific scenarios.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures, Proceedings for the Fifteenth Marcel Grossmann Meeting, Rome, July 1-7, 2018
The chemical process for materials deposition in aqueous solution: a review
Creators: name: Oliva, A. I.
name: González-Chan, I. J.
name: Várguez, P. E.
name: Trejo-Ramos, A. I.
name: Oliva-Avilés, A. I.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: The material deposition in aqueous solution, also known as chemical bath deposition (CBD), is a well-established technique for the fabrication of semiconducting thin films. The success of the CBD technique is mainly based on the relatively easy implementation and operation requirements. The CBD has importantly contributed to the development of sensors, optical devices and solar cells applications. In this review, the origins and current state of the art of the CBD technique, the involved physicochemical processes, the growing mechanisms, and the analytical techniques for the estimation of optimal physicochemical conditions for the film deposition are discussed. Emphasis on authors’ experience on CBD of CdS, ZnS, Zn(OH)2, and ZnO films are here highlighted, following methodologies for a high control of the deposited materials, such as the species distribution diagrams and the solubility curves.
The Buckling of Single-Layer MoS2 Under Uniaxial Compression
Creators: name: Jiang, Jin-Wu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Molecular dynamics simulations are performed to investigate the buckling of single-layer MoS2 under uniaxial compression. The strain rate is found to play an important role on the critical buckling strain, where higher strain rate leads to larger critical strain. The critical strain is almost temperature-independent for T<50 K, and it increases with increasing temperature for T>50 K owning to the thermal vibration assisted healing mechanism on the buckling deformation. The length-dependence of the critical strain from our simulations is in good agreement with the prediction of the Euler buckling theory.
description: Nanotechnology, accepted
Localization of Pairs in One-Dimensional Quasicrystals with Power-Law Hopping
Creators: name: Domínguez-Castro, G. A.
name: Paredes, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Pair localization in one-dimensional quasicrystals with nearest-neighbor hopping is independent of whether short-range interactions are repulsive or attractive. We numerically demonstrate that this symmetry is broken when the hopping follows a power law $1/r^α$. In particular, for repulsively bound states, we find that the critical quasiperiodicity that signals the transition to localization is always bounded by the standard Aubry-André critical point, whereas attractively bound dimers get localized at larger quasiperiodic modulations when the range of the hopping increases. Extensive numerical calculations establish the contrasting nature of the pair energy gap for repulsive and attractive interactions, as well as the behavior of the algebraic localization of the pairs as a function of quasiperiodicity, interaction strength, and power-law hops. The results here discussed are of direct relevance to the study of the quantum dynamics of systems with power-law couplings.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures
Adsorption of Lattice Polymers with Quenched Topologies
Creators: name: Madras, Neal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 82B41 (Primary) 60K35, 82D60 (Secondary)

description: We introduce a framework for adsorption of a single polymer in which the topology of the polymer is quenched before adsorption, in contrast to more standard adsorption models having annealed topology. Our "topology" refers either to the precise branching structure of a branched polymer (in any dimension), or else to the knot type of a ring polymer in three dimensions. The quenched topology is chosen uniformly at random from all lattice polymers of a given size in one of four classes (lattice animals, trees, combs, or rings), and we then consider adsorption of the subclass of configurations that have the quenched topology. When the polymer-surface attraction increases without bound, the quenched topological structure keeps a macroscopic fraction of monomers off the surface, in contrast with annealed models that asymptotically have 100% of monomers in the surface. We prove properties of the limiting free energy and the critical point in each model, although important open questions remain. We pay special attention to the class of comb polymers, which admit some rigorous answers to questions that otherwise remain open. Since the class of all combs was not previously examined rigorously in full generality, we also prove the existence of its growth constant and its limiting free energy for annealed adsorption.
description: 73 pages, 9 figures. This revision has some minor corrections, some clarifications, and some added discussion
Attempting to remove infinites from divergent series: Hardy will hardly help
Creators: name: Natiello, Mario
name: Solari, Hernán G
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: History and Overview (math.HO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 00A35, 00A79

description: The consequences of adopting other definitions of the concepts of sum and convergence of a series are discussed in the light of historical and epistemological contexts. We show that some divergent series appearing in the context of renormalization methods cannot be assigned finite values in a form consistent with Hardy's axioms without at the same time equating one to zero, thus destroying the mathematical building. We show that if the replacements for the concept of sum of a series are required to be associative, to be invariant under finite permutations of the terms and dilution, further restrictions emerge. We finally discuss the epistemological costs of accepting these practices in the name of instrumentalism.
description: No figures
On the remainder term of the Weyl law for congruence subgroups of Chevalley groups
Creators: name: Finis, Tobias
name: Lapid, Erez
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $X$ be a locally symmetric space defined by a simple Chevalley group $G$ and a congruence subgroup of $G(\mathbb Q)$. In this generality, the Weyl law for $X$ was proved by Lindenstrauss--Venkatesh. In the case where $G$ is simply connected, we sharpen their result by giving a power saving estimate for the remainder term.
Power Network Uniqueness and Synchronization Stability from a Higher-order Structure Perspective
Creators: name: Liu, Hao
name: Chen, Xin
name: Huo, Long
name: Niu, Chunming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Triadic subgraph analysis reveals the structural features in power networks based on higher-order connectivity patterns. Power networks have a unique triad significance profile (TSP) of the five unidirectional triadic subgraphs in comparison with the scale-free, small-world and random networks. Notably, the triadic closure has the highest significance in power networks. Thus, the unique TSP can serve as a structural identifier to differentiate power networks from other complex networks. Power networks form a network superfamily. Furthermore, synthetic power networks based on the random growth model grow up to be networks belonging to the superfamily with a fewer number of transmission lines. The significance of triadic closures strongly correlates with the construction cost measured by network redundancy. The trade off between the synchronization stability and the construction cost leads to the power network superfamily. The power network characterized by the unique TSP is the consequence of the trade-off essentially. The uniqueness of the power network superfamily tells an important fact that power networks.
Up to 100,000 reliable strong gravitational lenses in future dark energy experiments
Creators: name: Serjeant, Stephen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Euclid space telescope will observe ~10^5 strong galaxy-galaxy gravitational lens events in its wide field imaging survey over around half the sky, but identifying the gravitational lenses from their observed morphologies requires solving the difficult problem of reliably separating the lensed sources from contaminant populations, such as tidal tails, as well as presenting challenges for spectroscopic follow-up redshift campaigns. Here I present alternative selection techniques for strong gravitational lenses in both Euclid and the Square Kilometer Array, exploiting the strong magnification bias present in the steep end of the Halpha luminosity function and HI mass function. Around 10^3 strong lensing events are detectable with this method in the Euclid wide survey. While only ~1% of the total haul of Euclid lenses, this sample has ~100% reliability, known source redshifts, high signal-to-noise and a magnification-based selection independent of assumptions of lens morphology. With the proposed Square Kilometer Array dark energy survey, the numbers of reliable strong gravitational lenses with source redshifts can reach 10^5.
description: Accepted by ApJ Letters
Reconciling monolayer and bilayer $J_{\rm eff} = 1/2$ square lattices in hybrid oxide superlattice
Creators: name: Gong, Dongliang
name: Yang, Junyi
name: Hao, Lin
name: Horak, Lukas
name: Karapetrova, Evguenia
name: Strempfer, Joerg
name: Choi, Yongseong
name: Kim, Jong-Woo
name: Ryan, Philip J.
name: Liu, Jian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The number of atomic layers confined in a two-dimensional structure is crucial for the electronic and magnetic properties. Single-layer and bilayer $J_{\rm eff} = 1/2$ square lattices are well-known examples where the presence of the extra layer turns the XY-anisotropy to the $c$-axis anisotropy. We report on experimental realization of a hybrid SrIrO$_3$/SrTiO$_3$ superlattice that integrates monolayer and bilayer square lattices in one layered structure. By synchrotron x-ray diffraction, resonant x-ray magnetic scattering, magnetization, and resistivity measurements, we found that the hybrid superlattice exhibits properties that are distinct from both the single-layer and bilayer systems and cannot be explained by a simple addition of them. In particular, the entire hybrid superlattice orders simultaneously through a single antiferromagnetic transition at temperatures similar to the bilayer system but with all the $J_{\rm eff} = 1/2$ moments mainly pointing in the $ab$-plane similar to the single-layer system. The results show that bringing monolayer and bilayer with orthogonal properties in proximity to each other in a hybrid superlattice structure is a powerful way to stabilize a unique state not obtainable in a uniform structure.
Short-scale quantum kinetic theory including spin-orbit interactions
Creators: name: Ekman, Robin
name: Al-Naseri, Haidar
name: Zamanian, Jens
name: Brodin, Gert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a quantum kinetic theory for spin-$1/2$ particles, including the spin-orbit interaction, retaining particle dispersive effects to all orders in $\hbar$, based on a gauge-invariant Wigner transformation. Compared to previous works, the spin-orbit interaction leads to a new term in the kinetic equation, containing both the electric and magnetic fields. Like other models with spin-orbit interactions, our model features "hidden momentum". As an example application, we calculate the dispersion relation for linear electrostatic waves in a magnetized plasma, and electromagnetic waves in a unmagnetized plasma. In the former case, we compare the Landau damping due to spin-orbit interactions to that due to the free current. We also discuss our model in relation to previously published works.
description: 13 pages, 1 figure
Protein Export by the Mycobacterial SecA2 System Is Determined by the Preprotein Mature Domain
Creators: name: Braunstein, M.
name: Feltcher, M. E.
name: Gibbons, H. S.
name: Ligon, L. S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: At the core of the bacterial general secretion (Sec) pathway is the SecA ATPase, which powers translocation of unfolded preproteins containing Sec signal sequences through the SecYEG membrane channel. Mycobacteria have two nonredundant SecA homologs: SecA1 and SecA2. While the essential SecA1 handles “housekeeping” export, the nonessential SecA2 exports a subset of proteins and is required for Mycobacterium tuberculosis virulence. Currently, it is not understood how SecA2 contributes to Sec export in mycobacteria. In this study, we focused on identifying the features of two SecA2 substrates that target them to SecA2 for export, the Ms1704 and Ms1712 lipoproteins of the model organism Mycobacterium smegmatis. We found that the mature domains of Ms1704 and Ms1712, not the N-terminal signal sequences, confer SecA2-dependent export. We also demonstrated that the lipid modification and the extreme N terminus of the mature protein do not impart the requirement for SecA2 in export. We further showed that the Ms1704 mature domain can be efficiently exported by the twin-arginine translocation (Tat) pathway. Because the Tat system exports only folded proteins, this result implies that SecA2 substrates can fold in the cytoplasm and suggests a putative role of SecA2 in enabling export of such proteins. Thus, the mycobacterial SecA2 system may represent another way that bacteria solve the problem of exporting proteins that can fold in the cytoplasm.
Development and evolution of commitment profiles among military recruits: Implications for turnover intention and well-being
Creators: name: Anderson, Brittney K.
name: Meyer, John P.
name: Goldenberg, Irina
name: Laplante, Joelle
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: We investigate the development and consequences of commitment profiles among Canadian Armed Forces (CAF) recruits who completed surveys at the end of basic training (N = 3998) and three (N = 636) and nine (N = 612) months later. The surveys included measures of affective, normative, and continuance commitment as well as measures developed by the CAF to assess recruits’ experiences, career intentions, and well-being. Latent profile analyses of commitment at the end of basic training revealed four quantitatively distinct profiles (i.e., profiles differing in elevation but not shape). Strength of commitment related positively with perceived values fit, support from instructors and fellow recruits, and well-being, and negatively with turnover intention. Analyses of longitudinal data obtained following basic training revealed a stable and more differentiated 6-profile structure reflecting weak, exchange-based (continuance-dominant) and value-based (strong affective alone or in combination with strong normative and continuance) commitment. Value-based profiles were associated with greater perceived values fit, supervisor support, and well-being, and lower turnover intentions. The relative advantages of identifying the more nuanced commitment mind-sets reflected in commitment profiles is discussed along with the relevance of early onboarding experiences for the development of value-based commitment and retention.
Suppressor Analysis Reveals a Role for SecY in the SecA2-Dependent Protein Export Pathway of Mycobacteria
Creators: name: Romanchuk, A.
name: Braunstein, M.
name: Ligon, L. S.
name: Rigel, N. W.
name: Jones, C. D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: All bacteria use the conserved Sec pathway to transport proteins across the cytoplasmic membrane, with the SecA ATPase playing a central role in the process. Mycobacteria are part of a small group of bacteria that have two SecA proteins: the canonical SecA (SecA1) and a second, specialized SecA (SecA2). The SecA2-dependent pathway exports a small subset of proteins and is required for Mycobacterium tuberculosis virulence. The mechanism by which SecA2 drives export of proteins across the cytoplasmic membrane remains poorly understood. Here we performed suppressor analysis on a dominant negative secA2 mutant (secA2 K129R) of the model mycobacterium Mycobacterium smegmatis to better understand the pathway used by SecA2 to export proteins. Two extragenic suppressor mutations were identified as mapping to the promoter region of secY, which encodes the central component of the canonical Sec export channel. These suppressor mutations increased secY expression, and this effect was sufficient to alleviate the secA2 K129R phenotype. We also discovered that the level of SecY protein was greatly diminished in the secA2 K129R mutant, but at least partially restored in the suppressors. Furthermore, the level of SecY in a suppressor strongly correlated with the degree of suppression. Our findings reveal a detrimental effect of SecA2 K129R on SecY, arguing for an integrated system in which SecA2 works with SecY and the canonical Sec translocase to export proteins.
A Horrocks-type theorem for even orthogonal $K_2$
Creators: name: Lavrenov, Andrei
name: Sinchuk, Sergey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 19C20

description: We prove the Horrocks theorem for unstable even-dimensional orthogonal Steinberg groups. The Horrocks theorem for Steinberg groups is one of the principal ingredients needed for the proof of the $\mathrm{K}_2$-analogue of Serre's problem, whose positive solution is currently known only in the linear case.
Nitrogen abundances and multiple stellar populations in the globular clusters of the Fornax dSph
Creators: name: Larsen, S. S.
name: Brodie, J. P.
name: Grundahl, F.
name: Strader, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use measurements of nitrogen abundances in red giants to search for multiple stellar populations in the four most metal-poor globular clusters (GCs) in the Fornax dwarf spheroidal galaxy (Fornax 1, 2, 3, and 5). New imaging in the F343N filter, obtained with the Wide Field Camera 3 on the Hubble Space Telescope, is combined with archival F555W and F814W observations to determine the strength of the NH band near 3370 AA. After accounting for observational errors, the spread in the F343N-F555W colors of red giants in the Fornax GCs is similar to that in M15 and corresponds to an abundance range of Delta([N/Fe])=2 dex, as observed also in several Galactic GCs. The spread in F555W-F814W is, instead, fully accounted for by observational errors. The stars with the reddest F343N-F555W colors (indicative of N-enhanced composition) have more centrally concentrated radial distributions in all four clusters, although the difference is not highly statistically significant within any individual cluster. From double-Gaussian fits to the color distributions we find roughly equal numbers of "N-normal" and "N-enhanced" stars (formally about 40% N-normal stars in Fornax 1, 3, and 5 and 60% in Fornax 2). We conclude that GC formation, in particular regarding the processes responsible for the origin of multiple stellar populations, appears to have operated similarly in the Milky Way and in the Fornax dSph. Combined with the high ratio of metal-poor GCs to field stars in the Fornax dSph, this places an important constraint on scenarios for the origin of multiple stellar populations in GCs.
description: 16 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Form factors and decay rate of $B_c^\ast \rightarrow D_{s}~l^+ l^-$ decays in the QCD sum rules
Creators: name: Zeynali, K.
name: Bashiry, V.
name: Zolfagharpour, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Rare exclusive $B_c^\ast \rightarrow D_{s}~l^+ l^-$ decays are analyzed in the framework of the three--point QCD sum rules approach. The two gluon condensate corrections to the correlation function are included and the form factors of this transition are evaluated. Using the form factors, the decay width and integrated decay rate for these decays are also calculated.
description: 17 pages, 3 figures
Anrede Bey Ihro Excellentz Herren Devoyer D'Argenson, Marquis De Paulmi, Königl. Frantzösischer Bottschaffter in Hochlobl. Eydgnoßschafft, etc
Creators: name: Fries, Johannes
Publisher: name: [ohne Drucker]
Year: 1749

description: Abgelegt von Herren Burgermeister Frieß, Des Lobl. Vor-Orts Zürich Herren Ehren-Besandten, Zu Solothurn, Den 1. Herbstmonat 1749
A Fast Uniaxial Compression of the Single-Layer MoS2
Creators: name: Jiang, Jin-Wu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Euler buckling theorem states that the buckling critical strain is an inverse square function of the length for a thin plate in the static compression process. However, the suitability of this theorem in the dynamical process is unclear, so we perform molecular dynamics simulations to examine the applicability of the Euler buckling theorem in case of a fast compression of the single-layer MoS2. We find that the Euler buckling theorem is not applicable in such dynamical process, as the buckling critical strain becomes a length-independent constant in the buckled system with many ripples. However, the Euler buckling theorem can be resumed in this dynamical process after restricting the theorem to an individual ripple in the buckled structure.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Non-linear PDEs approach to statistical mechanics of Dense Associative Memories
Creators: name: Agliari, Elena
name: Fachechi, Alberto
name: Marullo, Chiara
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dense associative memories (DAM), are widespread models in artificial intelligence used for pattern recognition tasks; computationally, they have been proven to be robust against adversarial input and theoretically, leveraging their analogy with spin-glass systems, they are usually treated by means of statistical-mechanics tools. Here we develop analytical methods, based on nonlinear PDEs, to investigate their functioning. In particular, we prove differential identities involving DAM partition function and macroscopic observables useful for a qualitative and quantitative analysis of the system. These results allow for a deeper comprehension of the mechanisms underlying DAMs and provide interdisciplinary tools for their study.
The saturation number of $\cb$-bounded stable monomial ideals and their powers
Creators: name: Abdolmaleki, Reza
name: Herzog, Jürgen
name: Zhu, Guangjun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 13F20, Secondary 13H10, 05E40

description: Let $S=K[x_1,\ldots,x_n]$ be the polynomial ring in $n$ variables over a field $K$. In this paper, we compute the socle of $\cb$-bounded strongly stable ideals and determine that the saturation number of strongly stable ideals and of equigenerated $\cb$-bounded strongly stable ideals. We also provide explicit formulas for the saturation number $\sat(I)$ of Veronese type ideals $I$. Using this formula, we show that $\sat(I^k)$ is quasi-linear from the beginning and we determine the quasi-linear function explicitly.
On the minimal diameter of closed hyperbolic surfaces
Creators: name: Budzinski, Thomas
name: Curien, Nicolas
name: Petri, Bram
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove that the minimal diameter of a hyperbolic compact orientable surface of genus $g$ is asymptotic to $\log g$ as $g \to \infty$. The proof relies on a random construction, which we analyse using lattice point counting theory and the exploration of random trivalent graphs.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures
Single-valued integration and superstring amplitudes in genus zero
Creators: name: Brown, Francis
name: Dupont, Clément
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study open and closed string amplitudes at tree-level in string perturbation theory using the methods of single-valued integration which were developed in the prequel to this paper. Using dihedral coordinates on the moduli spaces of curves of genus zero with marked points, we define a canonical regularisation of both open and closed string perturbation amplitudes at tree level, and deduce that they admit a Laurent expansion in Mandelstam variables whose coefficients are multiple zeta values (resp. single-valued multiple zeta values). Furthermore, we prove the existence of a motivic Laurent expansion whose image under the period map is the open string expansion, and whose image under the single-valued period map is the closed string expansion. This proves the recent conjecture of Stieberger that closed string amplitudes are the single-valued projections of (motivic lifts of) open string amplitudes. Finally, applying a variant of the single-valued formalism for cohomology with coefficients yields the KLT formula expressing closed string amplitudes as quadratic expressions in open string amplitudes.
description: The results in this article formed the second half of the first version of arXiv:1810.07682, which was later split into two separate articles. The results are unchanged. We added 2 figures
The Second Messenger Cyclic Di-GMP Regulates Clostridium difficile Toxin Production by Controlling Expression of sigD
Creators: name: Borchardt, E. K.
name: Purcell, E. B.
name: Mangalea, M. R.
name: Tamayo, R.
name: McKee, R. W.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: The Gram-positive obligate anaerobe Clostridium difficile causes potentially fatal intestinal diseases. How this organism regulates virulence gene expression is poorly understood. In many bacterial species, the second messenger cyclic di-GMP (c-di-GMP) negatively regulates flagellar motility and, in some cases, virulence. c-di-GMP was previously shown to repress motility of C. difficile. Recent evidence indicates that flagellar gene expression is tightly linked with expression of the genes encoding the two C. difficile toxins TcdA and TcdB, which are key virulence factors for this pathogen. Here, the effect of c-di-GMP on expression of the toxin genes tcdA and tcdB was determined, and the mechanism connecting flagellar and toxin gene expressions was examined. In C. difficile, increasing c-di-GMP levels reduced the expression levels of tcdA and tcdB, as well as that of tcdR, which encodes an alternative sigma factor that activates tcdA and tcdB expression. We hypothesized that the C. difficile orthologue of the flagellar alternative sigma factor SigD (FliA; σ28) mediates regulation of toxin gene expression in response to c-di-GMP. Indeed, ectopic expression of sigD in C. difficile resulted in increased expression levels of tcdR, tcdA, and tcdB. Furthermore, sigD expression enhanced toxin production and increased the cytopathic effect of C. difficile on cultured fibroblasts. Finally, evidence is provided that SigD directly activates tcdR expression and that SigD cannot activate tcdA or tcdB expression independent of TcdR. Taken together, these data suggest that SigD positively regulates toxin genes in C. difficile and that c-di-GMP can inhibit both motility and toxin production via SigD, making this signaling molecule a key virulence gene regulator in C. difficile.
Arrays of stochastic oscillators: Nonlocal coupling, clustering, and wave formation
Creators: name: Escaff, Daniel
name: Pinto, Italo'Ivo Lima Dias
name: Lindenberg, Katja
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider an array of units each of which can be in one of three states. Unidirectional transitions between these states are governed by Markovian rate processes.The interactions between units occur through a dependence of the transition rates of a unit on the states of the units with which it interacts. This coupling is nonlocal, that is, it is neither an all-to-all interaction (referred as global coupling), nor is it a nearest neighbor interaction (referred to as local coupling).The coupling is chosen so as to disfavor the crowding of interacting units in the same state. As a result, there is no global synchronization. Instead, the resultant spatiotemporal configuration is one of clusters that move at a constant speed and that can be interpreted as \emph{traveling waves}. We develop a mean field theory to describe the cluster formation and analyze this model analytically. The predictions of the model are compared favorably with the results obtained by direct numerical simulations.
Substrate Effects on the Speed Limiting Factor of WSe$_2$ Photodetectors
Creators: name: Schedel, Christine
name: Strauß, Fabian
name: Kohlschreiber, Pia
name: Geladari, Olympia
name: Meixner, Alfred J.
name: Scheele, Marcus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the time-resolved photoelectric response of WSe$_2$ crystals on common glass and flexible polyimide substrates to determine the effect of the dielectric environment on the speed of the photodetectors. We show that varying the substrate material can alter the speed-limiting mechanism: while the detectors on polyimide are RC limited, those on glass are limited by slower excitonic diffusion processes. We attribute this to a shortening of the depletion layer at the metal electrode/WSe2 interface caused by the higher dielectric screening of glass compared to polyimide. The photodetectors on glass show a tunable bandwidth which can be increased to 2.6 MHz with increasing the electric field.
description: 27 pages, 13 figures
Semigroups in 3-graded Lie groups and endomorphisms of standard subspaces
Creators: name: Neeb, Karl-Hermann
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 22E45, 81R05, 81T05

description: Let V be a standard subspace in the complex Hilbert space H and U : G \to U(H) be a unitary representation of a finite dimensional Lie group. We assume the existence of an element h in the Lie algebra of G such that U(exp th) is the modular group of V and that the modular involution J_V normalizes U(G). We want to determine the semigroup $S_V = \{ g\in G : U(g)V \subseteq V\}.$ In previous work we have seen that its infinitesimal generators span a Lie algebra on which ad h defines a 3-grading, and here we completely determine the semigroup S_V under the assumption that ad h defines a 3-grading. Concretely, we show that the ad h-eigenspaces for the eigenvalue $\pm 1$ contain closed convex cones $C_\pm$, such that $S_V = exp(C_+) G_V exp(C_-)$, where $G_V$ is the stabilizer of V in G. To obtain this result we compare several subsemigroups of G specified by the grading and the positive cone $C_U$ of U. In particular, we show that the orbit U(G)V, endowed with the inclusion order, is an ordered symmetric space covering the adjoint orbit $Ad(G)h$, endowed with the partial order defined by~$C_U$.
description: 29 pages, some typos corrected. This paper will appear in Kyoto J. Math
U.S. Soybean Economy in the 1980's
Creators: name: Kromer, George W.
name: Kromer, George W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1973
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Soybean economic projections

description: Sharp increases in the demand for U.S. soybeans and products are projected during the next 10 to 15 years as domestic and export requirements expand. Barring a breakthrough in soybean yields, acreage needed to satisfy potential soybean demand by 1985 may be a third greater than the 47 million planted in 1972. The uptrend in domestic use of food fats and oils and protein meals is projected to continue at a rate greater than population growth. Fulfilling this potential demand will be achieved mainly through greater use of soybean products, since supplies of other U.S. edible oils and high-protein feeds probably will show little net change. The major forces influencing demand for soybeans in the long run are population and income growth.
description: Reprinted from The Fats and Oils Situation • April 1973