cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Static and dynamic properties of the interface between a polymer brush and a melt of identical chains
Creators: name: Pastorino, Claudio
name: Kreer, Torsten
name: Mueller, Marcus
name: Binder, Kurt
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Molecular dynamics simulations of a short-chain polymer melt between two brush-covered surfaces under shear have been performed. The end-grafted polymers which constitute the brush have the same chemical properties as the free chains in the melt and provide a soft deformable substrate. Polymer chains are described by a coarse-grained bead-spring model with Lennard-Jones interactions between the beads and a FENE potential between nearest neighbors along the backbone of the chains. The grafting density of the brush layer offers a way of controlling the behavior of the surface without altering the molecular interactions. We perform equilibrium and non-equilibrium Molecular Dynamics simulations at constant temperature and volume using the Dissipative Particle Dynamics thermostat. The equilibrium density profiles and the behavior under shear are studied as well as the interdigitation of the melt into the brush, the orientation on different length scales (bond vectors, radius of gyration, and end-to-end vector) of free and grafted chains, and velocity profiles. The viscosity and slippage at the interface are calculated as functions of grafting density and shear velocity.
description: 12 pages, submitted to J Chem Phys
Microscopic elasticity of complex systems
Creators: name: Barrat, J. -L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Lecture Notes for the Erice Summer School 2005 Computer Simulations in Condensed Matter: from Materials to Chemical Biology. Perspectives in celebration of the 65th Birthday of Mike Klein organized by Kurt Binder, Giovanni Ciccotti and Mauro Ferrario
A TALE OF TWO CLAMS: POLICY ANTICIPATION AND INDUSTRY PRODUCTIVITY
Creators: name: Brandt, Sylvia J.
name: Brandt, Sylvia J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Productivity Analysis

description: Sound environmental regulation must achieve environmental objectives while maximizing economic efficiency. This paper evaluates the impact of regulation on efficiency by measuring annual productivity across regulatory regimes in two similar fisheries with differing policy expectations. Anticipation of regulatory change produced strategic behavior in one fishery, leading to depressed productivity; in the other, regulatory change was not expected, and productivity did not suffer. These results imply that fisheries regulation should take into account both firms' policy expectations and the potentially perverse incentives that may be created by policy change.
Interpreting CNN for Low Complexity Learned Sub-pixel Motion Compensation in Video Coding
Creators: name: Murn, Luka
name: Blasi, Saverio
name: Smeaton, Alan F.
name: O'Connor, Noel E.
name: Mrak, Marta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Deep learning has shown great potential in image and video compression tasks. However, it brings bit savings at the cost of significant increases in coding complexity, which limits its potential for implementation within practical applications. In this paper, a novel neural network-based tool is presented which improves the interpolation of reference samples needed for fractional precision motion compensation. Contrary to previous efforts, the proposed approach focuses on complexity reduction achieved by interpreting the interpolation filters learned by the networks. When the approach is implemented in the Versatile Video Coding (VVC) test model, up to 4.5% BD-rate saving for individual sequences is achieved compared with the baseline VVC, while the complexity of learned interpolation is significantly reduced compared to the application of full neural network.
description: 27th IEEE International Conference on Image Processing, 25-28 Oct 2020, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
Additional file 1 of Classifying physical activity levels using Mean Amplitude Deviation in adults using a chest worn accelerometer: validation of the Vivalink ECG Patch
Creators: name: Luckhurst, Jim
name: Hughes, Cara
name: Shelley, Benjamin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Science Policy
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Supplementary Material 1
Quantum splitter controlled by Rashba spin-orbit interaction
Creators: name: Shelykh, I. A.
name: Galkin, N. G.
name: Bagraev, N. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose the mesoscopic device based on the Rashba spin orbit interaction (SOI) that contains a gated ballistic Aharonov-Bohm (AB) ring with incoming lead and two asymmetrically situated outgoing leads. The variations of the Rashba coupling parameter induced by the gate voltage applied to the AB ring is shown to cause the redistribution of the carrier flux between the outgoing leads and spin polarization of the outgoing currents, thus allowing the system to manifest the properties of the quantum splitter and spin filter.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures
1999 OUTLOOK OF THE U.S. AND WORLD SUGAR MARKETS
Creators: name: Koo, Won W.
name: Taylor, Richard D.
name: Koo, Won W.
name: Taylor, Richard D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Sugar
subject: Production
subject: Exports
subject: Consumption
subject: Ending Stocks

description: This report evaluates the U.S. and world sugar markets for 1998-2008 by using the World Sugar Policy Simulation Model. This analysis is based on assumptions about general economic conditions, agricultural policies, population growth, weather conditions, and technological changes. Both the U.S. and world sugar economies are predicted to be strong for the next ten years. World demand for sugar is expected to grow faster than world supply, gradually increasing sugar prices. World trade volumes of sugar are expected to expand.
Additional file 1 of Identifying disease trajectories with predicate information from a knowledge graph
Creators: name: Vlietstra, Wytze J.
name: Vos, Rein
name: Akker, Marjan Van Den
name: Mulligen, Erik M. Van
name: Kors, Jan A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1. Description and results of the directed variation feature sets. This file describes the feature sets and classification results of the variation where all predicates in the feature sets have a direction as specified by their triples in the knowledge graph. Their categorization as directed or undirected by the assessors was not used in this variation. Figure S1 shows an example of the feature sets derived from Fig. 1, with the difference that in this variation the “Binds with” predicate also is directed. Table S1 shows the classification performance of the directed feature sets along with the performances of the undirected and the mixed variations. Table S2 shows the p-values of the two-sided paired t-tests between all variations.
Random matrix description of decaying quantum systems
Creators: name: Gorin, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This contribution describes a statistical model for decaying quantum systems (e.g. photo-dissociation or -ionization). It takes the interference between direct and indirect decay processes explicitely into account. The resulting expressions for the partial decay amplitudes and the corresponding cross sections may be considered a many-channel many-resonance generalization of Fano's original work on resonance lineshapes [Phys. Rev 124, 1866 (1961)]. A statistical (random matrix) model is then introduced. It allows to describe chaotic scattering systems with tunable couplings to the decay channels. We focus on the autocorrelation function of the total (photo) cross section, and we find that it depends on the same combination of parameters, as the Fano-parameter distribution. These combinations are statistical variants of the one-channel Fano parameter. It is thus possible to study Fano interference (i.e. the interference between direct and indirect decay paths) on the basis of the autocorrelation function, and thereby in the regime of overlapping resonances. It allows us, to study the Fano interference in the limit of strongly overlapping resonances, where we find a persisting effect on the level of the weak localization correction.
description: 16 pages, 2 figures
Additional file 1 of Machine learning applications in studying mental health among immigrants and racial and ethnic minorities: an exploratory scoping review
Creators: name: Park, Khushbu Khatri
name: Saleem, Mohammad
name: Al-Garadi, Mohammed Ali
name: Ahmed, Abdulaziz
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biotechnology
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 1
Additional file 1 of Aortic pulse wave velocity, central pulse pressure, augmentation index and chronic kidney disease progression in individuals with type 2 diabetes: a 3- year prospective study
Creators: name: Liu, Jian-Jun
name: Liu, Sylvia
name: Lee, Janus
name: Gurung, Resham L.
name: M. Yiamunaa
name: Ang, Keven
name: Shao, Yi Ming
name: Choo, Robin W. M.
name: Tavintharan, Subramaniam
name: Wern Ee Tang
name: Sum, Chee Fang
name: Lim, Su Chi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Statistics

description: Additional file 1. Supplementary Table 1, 2 and 3.
Additional file 1 of Ovine congenital progressive muscular dystrophy (OCPMD) is a model of TNNT1 congenital myopathy
Creators: name: Clayton, Joshua S.
name: Elyshia L. McNamara
name: Goullee, Hayley
name: Conijn, Stefan
name: Muthsam, Keren
name: Musk, Gabrielle C.
name: Coote, David
name: Kijas, James
name: Testa, Alison C.
name: Taylor, Rhonda L.
name: O’Hara, Amanda J.
name: Groth, David
name: Ottenheijm, Coen
name: Ravenscroft, Gianina
name: Laing, Nigel G.
name: Nowak, Kristen J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1.Complete pedigree of sheep used in the current study.
From Bad to Worse: Airline Boarding Changes in Response to COVID-19
Creators: name: Islam, T.
name: Lahijani, M. Sadeghi
name: Srinivasan, A.
name: Namilae, S.
name: Mubayi, A.
name: Scotch, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Airlines have introduced a back-to-front boarding process in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. It is motivated by the desire to reduce passengers' likelihood of passing close to seated passengers when they take their seats. However, our prior work on the risk of Ebola spread in airplanes suggested that the driving force for increased exposure to infection transmission risk is the clustering of passengers while waiting for others to stow their luggage and take their seats. In this work, we examine whether the new boarding processes lead to increased or decreased risk of infection spread. We also study the reasons behind the risk differences associated with different boarding processes. We accomplish this by simulating the new boarding processes using pedestrian dynamics and compare them against alternatives. Our results show that back-to-front boarding roughly doubles the infection exposure compared with random boarding. It also increases exposure by around 50% compared to a typical boarding process prior to the outbreak of COVID-19. While keeping middle seats empty yields a substantial reduction in exposure, our results show that the different boarding processes have similar relative strengths in this case as with middle seats occupied. We show that the increased exposure arises from the proximity between passengers moving in the aisle and while seated. Our results suggest that airlines either revert to their earlier boarding process or adopt the better random process.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures
6D Ionization Muon Cooling with Tabletop Rings
Creators: name: Summers, D. J.
name: Bracker, S. B.
name: Cremaldi, L. M.
name: Godang, R.
name: Cline, D. B.
name: Garren, A. A.
name: Hanson, G. G.
name: Klier, A.
name: Kahn, S. A.
name: Kirk, H. G.
name: Palmer, R. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Progress on six dimensional ionization muon cooling with relatively small rings of magnets is described. Lattices being explored include scaling sector cyclotrons with edge focusing and strong focusing, fixed field alternating gradient (FFAG) rings. Ionization cooling is provided by high pressure hydrogen gas which removes both transverse and longitudinal momentum. Lost longitudinal momentum is replaced using radio frequency (RF) cavities, giving a net transverse emittance reduction. The longer path length in the hydrogen of higher momentum muons decreases longitudinal emittance at the expense of transverse emittance. Thus emittance exchange allows these rings to cool in all six dimensions and not just transversely. Alternatively, if the RF is located after the ring, it may be possible to cool the muons by stopping them as they spiral adiabatically into a central swarm. As momentum goes to zero, the momentum spread goes to zero. The resulting cooled muons can lead to an intense muon beam which could be a source for neutrino factories or muon colliders.
description: Six pages. One LaTeX, one style, and five postscript figure files. To appear in the proceedings of DPF 2004: Annual Meeting of the Division of Particles and Fields (DPF) of the American Physical Society (APS), Riverside, California, 26-31 Aug 2004
BIDDING ON RAILCARS FOR GRAIN: A STRATEGIC ANALYSIS
Creators: name: Wilson, William W.
name: Dahl, Bruce L.
name: Wilson, William W.
name: Dahl, Bruce L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: railcars
subject: guaranteed car service
subject: railcar allocation
subject: options
subject: guarantee
subject: bidding models
subject: valuation

description: Many of the U.S. railroads have introduced highly differentiated services for grain shipments in recent years, generally in the area of forward guaranteed car service. Taken together with other alternatives, these mechanisms have had the effect of establishing priority allocations among shippers. In most cases, pricing and allocation of these services has been with some type of bidding mechanisms. This paper explores the economic implications of these mechanisms on the grain shipping industry. A model was developed to identify factors affecting the value of these services and was analyzed in the context of a typical midwestern grain shipment. A game theory model of competitive bidding was also developed to analyze the effects of critical strategic variables on equilibrium outcomes.
Bubble behaviour in subcooled flow boiling at low pressures and flow rates
Creators: name: Prodanovic, Vladan
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Bubble behaviour in subcooled flow boiling of water at pressures ranging from 1.05 to 3 bar, bulk liquid velocities from 0.08 to 0.8 m/s, heat fluxes from 0.2 to 1 MW/m² and subcoolings from 10 to 30 K was investigated experimentally and analytically. Experiments were carried out on a vertical, annular test section with an inner heating surface and upward flow. High-speed photography at rates of 6000-8000 frames/s captured bubbles from inception to collapse, revealing variations of bubble shapes and sizes, as well as bubble sliding and detachment from the wall. Bubble growth and condensation rates, sliding velocities, variation of bubble lifetime and bubble size with flow rate, subcooling, heat flux and pressure were further examined. New correlations were proposed for maximum and detachment bubble diameters, bubble growth rate, bubble growth time, detachment time and condensation time. High-speed photographic results showed changes in typical bubble behaviour with increasing heat flux, from the appearance of the first bubble toward the onset of significant void. In the low heat flux region nearly spherical bubbles slid long distances without changing significantly in size and shape, occasionally detaching from the surface and typically reattaching soon after. At higher heat fluxes sliding distances were reduced to about a couple of diameters, and detachments from the surface became typical bubble behaviour. After detachment, bubbles traveled in a direction normal to the heater into the subcooled liquid core, where they collapsed rapidly. Further increasing the heat flux resulted in significant bubble coalescence before the onset of significant void was reached. The abrupt change in bubble behaviour between the low and high heat flux regions indicated changes in the heat transfer mode. Based on these observations, a new model was proposed for the transition from partially developed to fully developed boiling. It was observed that bubble shapes, particularly at detachment, deviated significantly from spherical. Therefore, a new ellipsoidal, rather than a spherical model, was used to describe bubble geometry. The analysis of forces acting on ellipsoidal bubbles led to a new bubble detachment model. The model suggests that the role of surface tension is to promote bubble detachment instead of opposing it.
Black Hole States: Accretion and Jet Ejection
Creators: name: Belloni, Tomaso
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The complex spectral and timing properties of the high-energy emission from the accretion flow in black-hole binaries, together with their strong connection to the ejection of powerful relativistic jets from the system, can be simplified and reduced to four basic states: hard, hard-intermediate, soft-intermediate and soft. Unlike other classifications, these states are based on the presence of sharp state transitions. I summarize this classification and discuss the relation between these states and the physical components contributing to the emitted flux.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures, in "Interacting Binaries: Accretion, Evolution and Outcomes", eds. L. A. Antonelli, et al., Procs. Interacting Binaries Meeting, Cefalu, Italy, June 2004, in press (AIP)
Additional file 2 of Opioids and alpha-2-agonists for analgesia and sedation in newborn infants: protocol of a systematic review
Creators: name: Kinoshita, Mari
name: Stempel, Katarzyna
name: Nascimento, Israel Junior Borges Do
name: Dhashini Naidu Vejayaram
name: Norman, Elisabeth
name: Bruschettini, Matteo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Cardiology

description: Additional file 2:. Search strategy used for online databases
Metamaterials designed for enhanced ENZ properties]{Metamaterials designed for enhanced ENZ properties
Creators: name: Koivurova, Matias
name: Hakala, Tommi
name: Turunen, Jari
name: Friberg, Ari T.
name: Ornigotti, Marco
name: Caglayan, Humeyra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine layered metamaterial structures consisting of alternating films of epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) and dielectric material, and show that for such a stack it is possible to enhance the refractive, reflective or absorptive properties of the ENZ. The proposed structure takes advantage of resonances from several interfaces, guided modes, and plasmon excitations to achieve the desired enhancement, and it is not an effective medium. We use analytical modeling tools to show how the different degrees of freedom affect the properties of the stack, and propose experimentally feasible parameters for such structures.
Additional file 2 of Machine learning applications in studying mental health among immigrants and racial and ethnic minorities: an exploratory scoping review
Creators: name: Park, Khushbu Khatri
name: Saleem, Mohammad
name: Al-Garadi, Mohammed Ali
name: Ahmed, Abdulaziz
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biotechnology
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 2
The subpulse modulation properties of pulsars at 21 cm
Creators: name: Weltevrede, P.
name: Edwards, R. T.
name: Stappers, B. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of a systematic, unbiased search for subpulse modulation of 187 pulsars performed with the Westerbork Synthesis Radio Telescope (WSRT) in the Netherlands at an observing wavelength of 21 cm. Using new observations and archival WSRT data we have expanded the list of pulsars which show the drifting subpulse phenomenon by 42, indicating that at least one in three pulsars exhibits this phenomenon. The real fraction of pulsars which show the drifting phenomenon is likely to be larger than some 55%. The majority of the analysed pulsars show subpulse modulation (170), of which the majority were not previously known to show subpulse modulation and 30 show clear systematic drifting. The large number of new drifters we have found allows us, for the first time, to do meaningful statistics on the drifting phenomenon. We find that the drifting phenomenon is correlated with the pulsar age such that drifting is more likely to occur in older pulsars. Pulsars which drift more coherently seem to be older and have a lower modulation index. There is no significant correlation found between P3 and other pulsar parameters (such as the pulsar age), as has been reported in the past. There is no significant preference of drift direction and the drift direction is not found to be correlated with pulsar parameters. None of the four complexity parameters predicted by different emission models (Jenet & Gil 2003) are shown to be inconsistent with the set of modulation indices of our sample of pulsars. Therefore none of the models can be ruled out based on our observations. We also present results on some interesting new individual sources like a pulsar which shows similar subpulse modulation in both the main- and interpulse and six pulsars with opposite drift senses in different components.
description: 32 pages, 12 figures, accepted for publication in A&A, astro-ph version is missing 187 figures due to file size restrictions. Please download appendices from http://www.science.uva.nl/~wltvrede/21cm.pdf
Synthetic Dataset Generation with Itemset-Based Generative Models
Creators: name: Lezcano, Christian
name: Arias, Marta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 68T01

description: This paper proposes three different data generators, tailored to transactional datasets, based on existing itemset-based generative models. All these generators are intuitive and easy to implement and show satisfactory performance. The quality of each generator is assessed by means of three different methods that capture how well the original dataset structure is preserved.
description: IEEE International Symposium on Software Reliability Engineering Workshops (ISSREW@RDSA 2019), Oct 2019
Additional file 1 of Opioids and alpha-2-agonists for analgesia and sedation in newborn infants: protocol of a systematic review
Creators: name: Kinoshita, Mari
name: Stempel, Katarzyna
name: Nascimento, Israel Junior Borges Do
name: Dhashini Naidu Vejayaram
name: Norman, Elisabeth
name: Bruschettini, Matteo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Cardiology

description: Additional file 1:. PRISMA-P checklist
DSC Approach to Computational Fluid Dynamics
Creators: name: Hein, Steffen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 65C20; 65M06; 76D05

description: This paper presents the Dual Scattering Channel numerical solution of the Navier-Stokes Equations for quasi-incompressible flow in the Oberbeck-Boussinesq approximation. The implementation in hexahedral non-orthogonal mesh is outlined. A numerical example illustrates the approach.
description: This is an edited version of author's paper 'DSC Numerical Solution of the Oberbeck-Boussinesq Equations'
Ultra-short solitons and kinetic effects in nonlinear metamaterials
Creators: name: Marklund, M.
name: Shukla, P. K.
name: Stenflo, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a stability analysis of a modified nonlinear Schroedinger equation describing the propagation of ultra-short pulses in negative refractive index media. Moreover, using methods of quantum statistics, we derive a kinetic equation for the pulses, making it possible to analyze and describe partial coherence in metamaterials. It is shown that a novel short pulse soliton, which is found analytically, can propagate in the medium.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures, to appear in Phys. Rev. E
The complexity of quantum spin systems on a two-dimensional square lattice
Creators: name: Oliveira, Roberto
name: Terhal, Barbara M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The problem 2-LOCAL HAMILTONIAN has been shown to be complete for the quantum computational class QMA, see quant-ph/0406180. In this paper we show that this important problem remains QMA-complete when the interactions of the 2-local Hamiltonian are between qubits on a two-dimensional (2-D) square lattice. Our results are partially derived with novel perturbation gadgets that employ mediator qubits which allow us to manipulate k-local interactions. As a side result, we obtain that quantum adiabatic computation using 2-local interactions restricted to a 2-D square lattice is equivalent to the circuit model of quantum computation. Our perturbation method also shows how any stabilizer space associated with a k-local stabilizer (for constant k) can be generated as an approximate ground-space of a 2-local Hamiltonian.
description: 19 pages, 12 figures; v2 has 23 pages, 12 figures and some additional results in an appendix. The presentation in v3 is changed considerably. v4 has various corrections and an improved presentation. v5 has an additional correction. v6 is close to final, sigh. v6 uses qic.sty and is to appear in QIC
The Feasibility of a Sun-Cured Alfalfa Hay Pelleting Plant in Southeast Central North Dakota
Creators: name: Bedker, Gary M.
name: Dunn, Edward V.
name: Bedker, Gary M.
name: Dunn, Edward V.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1975
Subjects: Agribusiness

description: This report is one of a series being conducted under a special Research and Extension Rural Development Project at North Dakota State University as authorized by Title V of the Rural Development Act of 1972. The study was initiated and partial funding was provided through an Economic Development Administration Grant (Grant Project Number 05-6-01402).
Additional file 1 of Graphasing: phasing diploid genome assembly graphs with single-cell strand sequencing
Creators: name: Henglin, Mir
name: Ghareghani, Maryam
name: Harvey, William T.
name: Porubsky, David
name: Koren, Sergey
name: Eichler, Evan E.
name: Ebert, Peter
name: Marschall, Tobias
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology

description: Supplementary Material 1: Fig. S1. Strand-seq Phasing Signal. Fig. S2. Hairpin-Capped Broken Bubbles Interrupt Rukki Scaffolding. Fig. S3. Sex Chromosome Hap-mer Blob Plots. Fig. S4. Behavior of Absolute SSF Calculated with bwa mem Alignments. Fig. S5. Haplotype, Cluster, and Phase Vectors. Fig. S6. Read Labeling for Proper Strand-seq Library Pooling
Honeycomb-Lattice Mott insulator on Tantalum Disulphide
Creators: name: Lee, Jinwon
name: Jin, Kyung-Hwan
name: Catuneanu, Andrei
name: Go, Ara
name: Jung, Jiwon
name: Won, Choongjae
name: Cheong, Sang-Wook
name: Kim, Jaeyoung
name: Liu, Feng
name: Kee, Hae-Young
name: Yeom, Han Woong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Effects of electron many-body interactions amplify in an electronic system with a narrow bandwidth opening a way to exotic physics. A narrow band in a two-dimensional (2D) honeycomb lattice is particularly intriguing as combined with Dirac bands and topological properties but the material realization of a strongly interacting honeycomb lattice described by the Kane-Mele-Hubbard model has not been identified. Here we report a novel approach to realize a 2D honeycomb-lattice narrow-band system with strongly interacting 5$d$ electrons. We engineer a well-known triangular lattice 2D Mott insulator 1T-TaS$_2$ into a honeycomb lattice utilizing an adsorbate superstructure. Potassium (K) adatoms at an optimum coverage deplete one-third of the unpaired $d$ electrons and the remaining electrons form a honeycomb lattice with a very small hopping. Ab initio calculations show extremely narrow Z$_2$ topological bands mimicking the Kane-Mele model. Electron spectroscopy detects an order of magnitude bigger charge gap confirming the substantial electron correlation as confirmed by dynamical mean field theory. It could be the first artificial Mott insulator with a finite spin Chern number.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures
ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF THE PROPOSED NORTH DAKOTA WHEAT POOL
Creators: name: Koo, Won W.
name: Nganje, William E.
name: Johnson, D. Demcey
name: Park, Joon J.
name: Taylor, Richard D.
name: Koo, Won W.
name: Nganje, William E.
name: Johnson, D. Demcey
name: Park, Joon J.
name: Taylor, Richard D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: marketing pool
subject: market power
subject: efficiency gains
subject: durum wheat
subject: hard red spring wheat
subject: pool price
subject: organizational structure
subject: operating costs

description: The ND Durum Wheat Pool may provide additional revenue to durum wheat producers by raising the domestic prices in the North American market with full cooperation from the Canadian Wheat Board. The pool also could provide additional revenue to its members by improving marketing efficiency. On the other hand, the ND Spring Wheat Pool is less likely to provide additional revenue to spring wheat producers by raising domestic prices, mainly because hard red spring and winter wheat are highly substitutable. Efficiency gains also could be smaller than for durum wheat.
Discovery of X-ray eclipses from the transient source CXOGC J174540.0-290031 with XMM-Newton
Creators: name: Porquet, D.
name: Grosso, N.
name: Belanger, G.
name: Goldwurm, A.
name: Yusef-Zadeh, F.
name: Warwick, R. S.
name: Predehl, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the XMM-Newton observations obtained during four revolutions in Spring and Summer 2004 of CXOGC J174540.0-290031, a moderately bright transient X-ray source, located at only 2.9" from SgrA*. We report the discovery of sharp and deep X-ray eclipses, with a period of 27,961+/-5 s and a duration of about 1,100+/-100 s, observed during the two consecutive XMM revolutions from August 31 to September 2. No deep eclipses were present during the two consecutive XMM revolutions from March 28 to April 1, 2004. The spectra during all four observations are well described with an absorbed power law continuum. While our fits on the power law index over the four observations yield values that are consistent with Gamma=1.6-2.0, there appears to be a significant increase in the column density during the Summer 2004 observations, i.e. the period during which the eclipses are detected. The intrinsic luminosity in the 2-10 keV energy range is almost constant with 1.8-2.3 x 10^34 (d_8kpc)^2 erg/s over the four observations. In the framework of eclipsing semidetached binary systems, we show that the eclipse period constrains the mass of the assumed main-sequence secondary star to less than 1.0 M_odot. Therefore, we deduce that CXOGC J174540.0-290031 is a low-mass X-ray binary (LMXB). Moreover the eclipse duration constrains the mass of the compact object to less than about 60 M_odot, which is consistent with a stellar mass black hole or a neutron star. The absence of deep X-ray eclipses during the Spring 2004 observations could be explained if the centroid of the X-ray emitting region moves from a position on the orbital plane to a point above the compact object, possibly coincident with the base of the jet which was detected in radio at this epoch. [Abstract truncated].
description: A&A, accepted for publication (10 pages, 8 figures, 2 Tables)
A Variable X-ray Source Close to the Magnetar SGR 1935+2154
Creators: name: Kong, A. K. H.
name: Li, K. L.
name: Kim, S.
name: Hui, C. Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recent discovery of a millisecond radio burst from the Galactic magnetar SGR 1935+2154 has initiated an intense discussion about the connection between magnetars and fast radio bursts (FRBs). Although some properties of the radio burst from SGR 1935+2154 are not the same as cosmological FRBs, there are theoretical models which propose a connection between magnetars and FRBs (see review by Margalit et al. 2020). In particular, the role of a magnetar wind nebula is included in some models, and therefore it is worthwhile to investigate the X-ray environment of SGR 1935+2154 in more detail. Here, we report on the discovery of an X-ray transient feature near SGR 1935+2154 using archival Chandra data and discuss its possible origin.
description: 3 pages, 1 figure; Published in RNAAS
AN ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF PRODUCTIVE EFFICIENCY IN ALBERTA DAIRY PRODUCTION
Creators: name: Jeffrey, Scott R.
name: Grant, Heather-Ann R.
name: Jeffrey, Scott R.
name: Grant, Heather-Ann R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: Productivity Analysis

description: The World Trade Organization is currently formulating an agenda for a new round of global trade negotiations. Therefore, the likelihood of increased competition within Canada's supply managed dairy industry is probable. Consequently, there is agreater need for producers to be concerned with efficiency and with their competitiveness in the international marketplace. This study assessed the cost efficiency and competitiveness of Alberta dairy producers by estimating the economic costs associated with milk production, and deriving the physical and economic efficiency of producers. Results support the presence of economies of size and economies of yield within Alberta milk production. A link between increased herd size, labour productivity, and lower total labour costs was identified in the analysis.
Asymmetric fluctuation-relaxation paths in FPU models
Creators: name: Giberti, C.
name: Rondoni, L.
name: Vernia, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A recent theory by Bertini, De Sole, Gabrielli, Jona-Lasinio and Landim predicts a temporal asymmetry in the fluctuation-relaxation paths of certain observables of nonequilibrium systems in local thermodynamic equilibrium. We find temporal asymmetries in the fluctuation-relaxation paths of a form of local heat flow, in the nonequilibrium FPU-$\zb$ model of Lepri, Livi and Politi.
description: 9 pages, 1 figure
Random Geometric Graph Diameter in the Unit Ball
Creators: name: Ellis, Robert B.
name: Martin, Jeremy L.
name: Yan, Catherine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C80, 60D05

description: The unit ball random geometric graph $G=G^d_p(λ,n)$ has as its vertices $n$ points distributed independently and uniformly in the $d$-dimensional unit ball, with two vertices adjacent if and only if their $l_p$-distance is at most $λ$. Like its cousin the Erdos-Renyi random graph, $G$ has a connectivity threshold: an asymptotic value for $λ$ in terms of $n$, above which $G$ is connected and below which $G$ is disconnected (and in fact has isolated vertices in most cases). In the connected zone, we determine upper and lower bounds for the graph diameter of $G$. Specifically, almost always, $\diam_p(\mathbf{B})(1-o(1))/λ\leq \diam(G) \leq \diam_p(\mathbf{B})(1+O((\ln \ln n/\ln n)^{1/d}))/λ$, where $\diam_p(\mathbf{B})$ is the $\ell_p$-diameter of the unit ball $\mathbf{B}$. We employ a combination of methods from probabilistic combinatorics and stochastic geometry.
description: 17 pages, 4 figures; exposition revised substantially, particularly in Sections 3 and 5
Additional file 2 of Perception of medical students about courses based on peer-assisted learning in five Peruvian universities
Creators: name: Soriano-Moreno, Anderson N.
name: Delgado-Raygada, Jose E.
name: C. Ichiro Peralta
name: Serrano-Díaz, Estefania S.
name: Jaquelin M. Canaza-Apaza
name: Toro-Huamanchumo, Carlos J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 2: Appendix S2. Extra results tables. Contains the Table S1. General characteristics of the students surveyed and the Table S2. Summary of the most common free-text responses.
D^0, D^+, D_s^+, and Lambda_c^+ Fragmentation Functions from CERN LEP1
Creators: name: Kniehl, Bernd A.
name: Kramer, Gustav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present new sets of nonperturbative fragmentation functions for D^0, D^+, and D_s^+ mesons as well as for Lambda_c^+ baryons, both at leading and next-to-leading order in the MSbar factorization scheme with five massless quark flavors. They are determined by fitting data of e^+e^- annihilation taken by the OPAL Collaboration at CERN LEP1. We take the charm-quark fragmentation function to be of the form proposed by Peterson et al. and thus obtain new values of the epsilon_c parameter, which are specific for our choice of factorization scheme.
description: 21 pages, 8 figures
A novel approach to chemotaxis: active particles guided by internal clocks
Creators: name: Nava, Luis Gómez
name: Großmann, Robert
name: Hintsche, Marius
name: Beta, Carsten
name: Peruani, Fernando
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by the observation of non-exponential run-time distributions of bacterial swimmers, we propose a minimal phenomenological model for taxis of active particles whose motion is controlled by an internal clock. The ticking of the clock depends on an external concentration field, e.g. a chemical substance. We demonstrate that these particles can detect concentration gradients and respond to them by moving up- or down-gradient depending on the clock design, albeit measurements of these fields are purely local in space and instantaneous in time. Altogether, our results open a new route in the study of directional navigation, by showing that the use of a clock to control motility actions represents a generic and versatile toolbox to engineer behavioral responses to external cues, such as light, chemical, or temperature gradients.
description: *LGN and RG contributed equally to this work. 7 pages, 5 figures and Supplemental Material
Additional file 1 of Comparative evaluation of the extracellular production of a polyethylene terephthalate degrading cutinase by Corynebacterium glutamicum and leaky Escherichia coli in batch and fed-batch processes
Creators: name: Fritzsche, Stefanie
name: Hübner, Holger
name: Oldiges, Marco
name: Castiglione, Kathrin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1.
Additional file 1 of Perception of medical students about courses based on peer-assisted learning in five Peruvian universities
Creators: name: Soriano-Moreno, Anderson N.
name: Delgado-Raygada, Jose E.
name: C. Ichiro Peralta
name: Serrano-Díaz, Estefania S.
name: Jaquelin M. Canaza-Apaza
name: Toro-Huamanchumo, Carlos J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 1: Appendix S1. Questionnaire developed for this study.
Comparison estimates on the first eigenvalue of a quasilinear elliptic system
Creators: name: Abolarinwa, Abimbola
name: Azami, Shahroud
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35P15, 47J10, 53C21

description: We study a system of quasilinear eigenvalue problems with Dirichlet boundary conditions on complete compact Riemannian manifolds. In particular, Cheng comparison estimates and inequality of Faber-Krahn for the first eigenvalue of a $(p,q)$-Laplacian are recovered. Lastly, we reprove a Cheeger type estimates for $p$-Laplacian, $1
description: 13 pages
The Ehrhart Function for Symbols
Creators: name: Guillemin, Victor W.
name: Sternberg, Shlomo
name: Weitsman, Jonathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65B15; 52B20

description: We derive an Ehrhart function for symbols from the Euler-MacLaurin formula with remainder.
description: minor corrections and improvements
Additional file 1 of Perceptions of patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) and their informal caregivers on palliative care as a treatment option: a qualitative study
Creators: name: Sarfo-Walters, Catherine
name: Boateng, Edward Appiah
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Interview Guide
Additional file 3 of Graphasing: phasing diploid genome assembly graphs with single-cell strand sequencing
Creators: name: Henglin, Mir
name: Ghareghani, Maryam
name: Harvey, William T.
name: Porubsky, David
name: Koren, Sergey
name: Eichler, Evan E.
name: Ebert, Peter
name: Marschall, Tobias
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology

description: Supplementary Material 3. Review history
Evidence for primordial black hole dark matter from LIGO/Virgo merger rates
Creators: name: Jedamzik, Karsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The LIGO/Virgo collaboration has by now observed or constrained the gravitational merger rates of different classes of compact objects. We consider the possibility that the bulk of these mergers are primordial black hole (PBH) mergers of PBHs formed during the QCD epoch making up the entirety of the dark matter. Having shown in a companion paper that mergers due to the initial binary population formed in the early Universe are likely negligible, we compute current merger rates in PBH clusters in which the typical PBH resides. We consider two scenarios: (i) the PBH mass function dictated by the QCD equation of state and (ii) the PBH mass function dictated by the existence of a peak in the inflationary perturbation spectrum. In the first scenario, which is essentially parameter free, we reproduce very well the merger rates for heavy BHs, the merger rate of mass-asymmetric BHs such as GW190814, a recently discovered merger of a 23$M_{\odot}$ black hole with a $2.6M_{\odot}$ object, and can naturally explain why LIGO/Virgo has not yet observed mergers of two light PBHs from the dominant $\sim 1\,M_{\odot}$ PBH population. In the second scenario, which has some parameter freedom, we match well the observed rate of heavy PBHs, but can currently not explain the rate for mass-asymmetric events. In either case it is tantalizing that in both scenarios PBH merger rates made with a minimum of assumptions match most LIGO/Virgo observed rates very well.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures