cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A new lindenane-type sesquiterpenoid lactone from Chloranthus japonicus
Creators: name: Jiang, Cheng-Shi
name: Guo, Yan-Qiong
name: Yin, Sheng
name: Zhang, Hua
name: Tang, Gui-Hua
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Hematology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Chromatographic fractionation of the EtOH extracts of the Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Chloranthus japonicus, has led to the isolation of a new lindenane-type sesquiterpenoid lactone derivative (1). Rosmarylchloranthalactone E (1), which consists of lindenane sesquiterpenoid lactone and rosmarinic acid moieties linked via an ester bridge, was structurally elucidated by 1D and 2D NMR and HRMS data. Compound 1 was a potent phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4) inhibitor with an IC50 value of 0.96 ± 0.04 μM.
title: Fragmented Paths: A Novella and a Journey Through Lands to Find the Self in Home
Creators: name: Kamangarpour, Golaleh
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Literature--Canadian (English)
subject: Literature--Middle Eastern
subject: Literature--English

description: This thesis explores the thematic and narrative intricacies of HomeLand, a novella that delves into the intersections of dreams, memory, and time in the pursuit of identity and belonging. Drawing inspiration from Indigenous and Kurdish philosophies, HomeLand challenges linear conceptions of time and self through a narrative structure that blends magical realism with psychological and cultural exploration. The work questions societal expectations surrounding happiness and fulfillment, drawing on Sara Ahmed’s The Promise of Happiness, and critiques the colonial legacies shaping perceptions of home and identity. Building on these thematic inquiries, the novella engages with Antonio Zadra and Robert Stickgold’s cognitive psychological theories on dreams (When Brains Dream), portraying dreams as pivotal tools for emotional processing, memory integration, and self-discovery. The Aymara philosophy of time, which positions the past as visible and the future as hidden, informs the novella’s fragmented and non-linear structure, reflecting its protagonists’ evolving identities. The thesis situates HomeLand within the broader context of Kurdish literature, addressing how the novella echoes the cultural and historical displacement experienced by Kurdish people while engaging with universal themes of alienation and belonging. Through its narrative, HomeLand interrogates the concept of home, presenting it as both an external and internal construct shaped by personal, cultural, and historical forces. Ultimately, HomeLand argues that the search for home is a fluid and continuous process, highlighting the universal yet deeply personal struggle to reconcile one’s identity in a fragmented world. By integrating insights from literary, cultural, and psychological frameworks, the exegesis positions HomeLand as a contribution to Kurdish literature and as a reflection of the universal human experience.
Weak convergence of fully discrete finite element approximations of semilinear hyperbolic SPDE with additive noise
Creators: name: Kovács, Mihály
name: Lang, Annika
name: Petersson, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60H15, 65M12, 60H35, 65C30, 65M60, 60H07

description: We consider the numerical approximation of the mild solution to a semilinear stochastic wave equation driven by additive noise. For the spatial approximation we consider a standard finite element method and for the temporal approximation, a rational approximation of the exponential function. We first show strong convergence of this approximation in both positive and negative order norms. With the help of Malliavin calculus techniques this result is then used to deduce weak convergence rates for the class of twice continuously differentiable test functions with polynomially bounded derivatives. Under appropriate assumptions on the parameters of the equation, the weak rate is found to be essentially twice the strong rate. This extends earlier work by one of the authors to the semilinear setting. Numerical simulations illustrate the theoretical results.
description: 32 pages, 4 figures
Two Higgs Bi-doublet Model With Spontaneous P and CP Violation and Decoupling Limit to Two Higgs Doublet Model
Creators: name: Liu, Jin-Yan
name: Wang, Li-Ming
name: Wu, Yue-Liang
name: Zhou, Yu-Feng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The two Higgs bi-doublet left-right symmetric model (2HBDM) as a simple extension of the minimal left-right symmetric model with a single Higgs bi-doublet is motivated to realize both spontaneous P and CP violation while consistent with the low energy phenomenology without significant fine tuning. By carefully investigating the Higgs potential of the model, we find that sizable CP-violating phases are allowed after the spontaneous symmetry breaking. The mass spectra of the extra scalars in the 2HBDM are significantly different from the ones in the minimal left-right symmetric model. In particular, we demonstrate in the decoupling limit when the right-handed gauge symmetry breaking scale is much higher than the electroweak scale, the 2HBDM decouples into general two Higgs doublet model (2HDM) with spontaneous CP violation and has rich induced sources of CP violation. We show that in the decoupling limit, it contains extra light Higgs bosons with masses around electroweak scale, which can be directly searched at the ongoing LHC and future ILC experiments.
description: 19 pages, discussions on fine-tuning problem added. Version to appear in Phys.Rev.D
Pseudhomalopoda Girault 1915
Creators: name: Noyes, John Stuart
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Encyrtidae
Pseudhomalopoda

description: Key to Costa Rican species of Pseudhomalopoda
 (Females)
 1. Mid tibia and hind tarsus entirely dark brown; fore wing (Fig. 141) with anterior hyaline area at apex of venation strongly triangular, its distal margin forming an angle of about 35-40° with anterior wing...................................... tapura sp. nov. (p. 75)
- Mid tibia and hind tarsus mostly white or very pale yellow; fore wing (Fig. 148, 152) with anterior hyaline area at apex of venation subrectangular, its distal margin forming an angle of about 60-80° with anterior wing margin............................. 2
 2 (1) Antennal funicle (Fig. 146) with F1 quadrate or subquadrate, at least 0.9X as long as broad; linear sensilla on all funicle segments; length of pedicel and flagellum combined at least equal to head width.................................... festa sp.nov. (p. 77)
 - Antennal funicle (Fig. 157, 158) with F1 strongly transverse, less than 0.6X as long as broad; linear sensilla only on at most F3-F4, sometimes absent from F3; length of pedicel and flagellum combined less than head width......... prima Girault (p. 79)
description: Published as part of Noyes, John Stuart, 2023, ENCYRTIDAE OF COSTA RICA (HYMENOPTERA: CHALCIDOIDEA), 4 Subfamily Encyrtinae: tribes Arrhenophagini, Habrolepidini, Cerapterocerini, Cheiloneurini, Trechnitini, Cercobelini, Polaszekiini, Protyndarichoidini, Gahaniellini and Syrphophagini (part), mainly primary parasitoids and hyperparasitoids of Coccoidea and Psylloidea (Hemiptera), pp. 1-921 in Taxonomic Monographs on Neotropical Hymenoptera (Oxford, England) (Oxford, England) 2 (11) on page 75, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.8074943
Novel ex vivo biofilm model : a comparative study of root canal disinfection
Creators: name: Lin, Jimmy Su-Yee
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: Bacteria, organized as biofilms within the root canal, can cause apical periodontitis (AP). It has been shown that microorganisms harbouring in the anatomical irregularities of the root canal system such as fins, grooves, or isthmuses after treatment, decrease the outcome prognosis of endodontic therapy. Therefore, adequate removal of these microorganisms is essential for the prevention and treatment of AP. While difficulties in disinfection have been recognized, limited data are available to directly assess the effectiveness of bacteria removal by treatment. Thus, the aim of this study is to develop a standardized ex vivo biofilm model, closely resembling the in vivo clinical situation, to quantify and compare the efficacy of hand, rotary nickel-titanium (NiTi) and self-adjusting file (SAF) instrumentation in the removal of biofilm bacteria. Thirty-six extracted single-rooted human teeth with an ovoid cross-section canal were selected. Each tooth was split longitudinally and a 0.2 mm wide by 0.3 mm deep groove was placed in the apical 2 to 5 mm of the canal. After growing mixed bacteria biofilm inside the canal under anaerobic condition, the split halves were reassembled in a custom block, creating apical vapour lock. Teeth were randomly divided into 3 treatment groups (n = 10 per group) using: (1) hand stainless steel (SS) K-file; (2) ProFile NiTi rotary instrumentation; and (3) SAF. Irrigation consisted of 10 ml 3% sodium hypochlorite and 4 ml 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid. Six teeth received no treatment. Areas of the canal inside and outside the groove were examined using a scanning electron microscope. Within the groove, a smaller area remained occupied by bacteria after the use of SAF than ProFile and SS K-file (3.25%; 19.25%; 26.98%) (P < .05). For all groups, significantly more bacteria were removed outside the groove than inside (P < .05). No statistical differences were found outside the groove (P > .05). Although all techniques equally removed bacteria outside the groove, SAF significantly reduced more bacteria from within the apical groove. No technique was able to completely remove the bacteria. The biofilm model represents a potentially useful tool for future study of root canal disinfection.
Development of non-parametric evolutionary algorithm for predicting soil moisture dynamics
Creators: name: Shin, Yongchul
name: Mohanty, Binayak P.
name: Ines, Amor Valeriano M.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Hydrology
Soil moisture--Mathematical models
Rainfall probabilities
Hidden Markov models
Precipitation forecasting
Climatic changes

description: Prediction of soil moisture is critical for water resources management. With Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) and Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) satellites by NASA, spatio-temporal interrelation between rainfall and soil moisture fields (at different extents) will be of great value for satellite product calibration/validation and other hydrologic science investigations. In this study, we explored a non-parametric evolutionary algorithm for prediction of soil moisture from a time series of spatially-distributed rainfall across multiple weather locations under two different hydro-climatic regions. A new genetic algorithm-based hidden Markov model (HMMGA) was developed to estimate long-term soil moisture dynamics at different soil depths using precipitation data as a proxy. Also, we tested transposability of our approach across time under different climatic conditions. To test the new approach, we selected two different soil moisture fields, Oklahoma (130 km × 130 km) and Illinois (300 km × 500 km), during 1995–2009 and 1994–2010, respectively. We found that the newly developed framework performed well in predicting soil moisture dynamics at different spatial extents. Although our approach has limitations in predicting daily values, it estimates well the weekly soil moisture across the spatial and temporal domains with predictable uncertainties. Furthermore, this approach could provide advantages for good transposability under different weather conditions compared to those of physically-based hydrological models. Overall, our suggested approach could predict weekly soil moisture estimates with precipitation and soil moisture histories and showed the potential of transposability under different weather and land surface conditions. Since the proposed algorithm requires only precipitation (and historical soil moisture data) from existing, established weather stations, it can serve an attractive alternative that can forecast soil moisture using climate change scenarios.
title: Computer Simulation of Lipids and broadening software choices for the Coarse-Grained Martini Force Field
Creators: name: Hu, Shangnong
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: molecular dynamics
subject: computer simulation
subject: molecular visualization
subject: lipid
subject: order parameter
subject: coarse graining
subject: Martini
subject: Education--Sciences
subject: Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Biology--Molecular

description: Computer simulation is a powerful approach to study biological membranes. Biophysical properties of lipid molecules and lipid-protein interactions can be studied in silico complementary to experimental methods such as NMR and crystallography. Accurate simulation of membrane systems relies on the force field and the lipid model employed. Atomistic force fields can provide high-resolution molecular details while coarse-grained models provide insight into physiological phenomena at longer timescale and length-scale. Lipid-protein interactions are important in biological functions such as stabilizing membrane proteins and regulating protein activities. We examined the lipid density and cholesterol flip-flop rate in an asymmetric membrane coupled with entities of various shapes embedded in the lipid bilayer. With the generated simulation data, we attempted to improve molecular visualization using new 3D technologies and applying computer graphics to innovate the visualization of 3D molecular data. To expand the choices for coarse-grained simulations, we also extended the compatibility of the coarse-grained Martini force field to OpenMM, another flexible and popular simulation software. Martini version 2 and 3 are now available in OpenMM. Finally, we examined the chain conformation of a model lipid, DPPC, in the Martini simulations and the CHARMM36 model. The coarse-grained acyl chain is compared with a corresponding atomistic ensemble of chain conformations. A given Martini DPPC conformation is shown to represent large numbers of atomistic ensembles. These works contribute to better understand membrane systems in Martini simulations.
Additional file 1 of Combined angiogenesis and PD-1 inhibition for immunomodulatory TNBC: concept exploration and biomarker analysis in the FUTURE-C-Plus trial
Creators: name: Wu, Song-Yang
name: Xu, Ying
name: Chen, Li
name: Fan, Lei
name: Ma, Xiao-Yan
name: Zhao, Shen
name: Song, Xiao-Qing
name: Hu, Xin
name: Yang, Wen-Tao
name: Chai, Wen-Jun
name: Guo, Xiao-Mao
name: Chen, Xi-Zi
name: Xu, Yan-Hui
name: Zhu, Xiao-Yu
name: Zou, Jian-Jun
name: Wang, Zhong-Hua
name: Jiang, Yi-Zhou
name: Shao, Zhi-Ming
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1.
Multiple solutions to cylindrically symmetric curl-curl problems and related Schrödinger equations with singular potentials
Creators: name: Gaczkowski, Michał
name: Mederski, Jarosław
name: Schino, Jacopo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We look for multiple solutions $\mathbf{U}\colon\mathbb{R}^3\to\mathbb{R}^3$ to the curl-curl problem \[ \nabla\times\nabla\times\mathbf{U}=h(x,\mathbf{U}),\qquad x\in\mathbb{R}^3, \] with a nonlinear function $h\colon\mathbb{R}^3\times\mathbb{R}^3\to\mathbb{R}^3$ which is critical in $\mathbb{R}^3$, i.e., $h(x,\mathbf{U})=|\mathbf{U}|^4\mathbf{U}$, or has subcritical growth at infinity. If $h$ is radial in $\mathbf{U}$ and $a=1$ below, then we show that the solutions to the problem above are in one-to-one correspondence with the solutions to the following Schrödinger equation \[ -Δu+\frac{a}{r^2}u=f(x,u),\qquad u\colon\mathbb{R}^3\to \mathbb{R}, \] where $x=(y,z)\in \mathbb{R}^2\times \mathbb{R}$, $r=|y|$ and $a \ge 0$. In the critical case, the multiplicity problem for the latter equation has been studied only in the autonomous case $a=0$ and the available methods seem to be insufficient for the problem involving the singular potential, i.e., $a\neq 0$, due to the lack of conformal invariance. Therefore we develop methods for the critical curl-curl problem and show the multiplicity of bound states for both equations. In the subcritical case, instead, studying the Schrödinger equation in higher dimensions, we find infinitely many bound states for both problems.
Graphene and non-Abelian quantization
Creators: name: Falomir, H.
name: Gamboa, J.
name: Loewe, M.
name: Nieto, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article we employ a simple nonrelativistic model to describe the low energy excitation of graphene. The model is based on a deformation of the Heisenberg algebra which makes the commutator of momenta proportional to the pseudo-spin. We solve the Landau problem for the resulting Hamiltonian which reduces, in the large mass limit while keeping fixed the Fermi velocity, to the usual linear one employed to describe these excitations as massless Dirac fermions. This model, extended to negative mass, allows to reproduce the leading terms in the low energy expansion of the dispersion relation for both nearest and next-to-nearest neighbor interactions. Taking into account the contributions of both Dirac points, the resulting Hall conductivity, evaluated with a $ζ$-function approach, is consistent with the anomalous integer quantum Hall effect found in graphene. Moreover, when considered in first order perturbation theory, it is shown that the next-to-leading term in the interaction between nearest neighbor produces no modifications in the spectrum of the model while an electric field perpendicular to the magnetic field produces just a rigid shift of this spectrum. PACS: 03.65.-w, 81.05.ue, 73.43.-f
description: 23 pages, 4 figures. Version to appear in the Journal of Physics A. The title has been changed into "Graphene and non-Abelian quantization". The motivation and presentation of the paper has been changed. An appendix and Section 6 on the evaluation of the Hall conductivity have been added. References added
Thermohaline circulation: a missing equation and its climate-change implications
Creators: name: Ou, Hsien Wang
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Meridional overturning circulation
Climatic changes
Ocean-atmosphere interaction--Mathematical models
Maximum entropy method
Hysteresis
Dynamic climatology

description: We formulate a box model of coupled ocean– atmosphere to examine the differential fields interactive with the thermohaline circulation (THC) and their response to global warming. We discern a robust convective bound on the atmospheric heat transport, which would divide the climate regime into warm and cold branches; but unlike the saline mode of previous box models, the cold state, if allowed, has the same-signed—though weaker—density contrast and THC as the present climate, which may explain its emergence from coupled general circulation models. We underscore the nondeterminacy of the THC due to random eddy shedding and apply the fluctuation theorem to constrain the shedding rate, thus closing the problem. The derivation reveals an ocean propelled toward the maximum entropy production (MEP) on millennial timescale (termed “MEP-adjustment”), the long timescale arising from the compounding effect of microscopic fluctuations in the shedding rate and their slight probability bias. Global warming may induce hysteresis between the two branches, like that seen in GCMs, but the cold transition is far more sensitive to the moistening than the heating effects as the latter would be countered by the hydrological feedback. The uni- or bi-modality of the current state—hence whether the THC may recover after the cold transition— depends on the global-mean convective flux and may not be easily assessed due to its observed uncertainty.
To Digitisation And Beyond! The Digitisation Requirements Of A 21st Century Scientist - Presentation at PharmaData & SmartLabs 2022
Creators: name: Kanza, Samantha. P.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: ELNs
digitisation
lab of the future
lab books
paper lab notebooks
barriers

description: Presentation given by Dr Samantha P. Kanza on behalf of PSDI at PharmaData & SmartLabs 2022. Abstract: Making improvements to digitisation is a two stage problem, we need to encourage people to digitise more, and we need better systems to manage the plethora of electronic data once it makes its way into digital form. This presentation will consider both of these aspects by discussing the current state of digitisation of scientific research, including how things have changed (or not) since COVID-19, the barriers (and suggested mitigations) to these barriers, and the digitisation requirements of the physical sciences community.
Quantum Quench in the Transverse Field Ising chain I: Time evolution of order parameter correlators
Creators: name: Calabrese, P.
name: Essler, F. H. L.
name: Fagotti, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the time evolution of order parameter correlation functions after a sudden quantum quench of the magnetic field in the transverse field Ising chain. Using two novel methods based on determinants and form factor sums respectively, we derive analytic expressions for the asymptotic behaviour of one and two point correlators. We discuss quenches within the ordered and disordered phases as well as quenches between the phases and to the quantum critical point. We give detailed account of both methods.
description: 65 pages, 21 figures, some typos corrected
Generic local deformation rings when $l \neq p$
Creators: name: Shotton, Jack
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11F80 (Primary), 11S37, 20C33 (Secondary)

description: We determine the local deformation rings of sufficiently generic mod $l$ representations of the Galois group of a $p$-adic field, when $l \neq p$, relating them to the space of $q$-power-stable semisimple conjugacy classes in the dual group. As a consequence we give a local proof of the $l \neq p$ Breuil--Mézard conjecture of the author, in the tame case.
description: 28 pages. Comments welcome!
Generic decision-making on the retreatment of copper tailings dams
Creators: name: Wang, Xinyi
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: Tailings dam retreatment can be considered as a profitable alternative when tailings contain relatively high metal contents. Moreover, because of low exploration, mining, processing and closure costs, and the recent rise in copper prices, retreatment may generate positive cash flow. Meanwhile revenue from metal extraction can offset rehabilitation cost leading to an improved long-term liability performance. A systematic approach and an Excel spreadsheet model are developed to evaluate economic profits, environmental and social benefits derived from retreatment, and to simulate human decision-making processes. Fuzzy logic and fuzzy-neural equations were employed in the model to deal with imperious and linguistic inputs, and to simulate human’s decision-making process. By user questionnaire and surveys, the model receives inputs data, which will be processed through four different modules to generate final outputs. Economic and Design Module completes conceptual processing flowsheet design, cost estimate, and economic analysis of base case and retreatment project. A Disposal and Reclamation Module is designed to select re-processed tailings disposal and reclamation methods, estimate cost and evaluate the environmental performance. A Risk Assessment Module is aimed at environmental and social risks evaluation of current tailings site. After receiving all the criteria on economic, environmental and social performance improvement, a Decision-Making Module is developed to provide user a recommendation. Generally speaking, this model is able to conceptually design activities from mining to reclamation; evaluate economic, environmental and social benefits; assist multi-criteria decision-making. Four hypothetical cases with different conditions have been processed to validate and verify the retreatment model. As indicated by model running results, the tailing retreatment module is an effective tool to assist in decision making. In addition, the system is working properly and efficiently on given inputs over a range and combination of values.
The Fermi-LAT view of cosmic rays and interstellar gas in the Cygnus region: a not so special spot of the Local Arm
Creators: name: Tibaldo, Luigi
name: Grenier, Isabelle A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Cygnus region hosts the most conspicuous star-forming region close to the Sun, embedded in a giant complex of molecular clouds in the Local Arm. We present an analysis of the Fermi-LAT observations of Cygnus intended to probe the cosmic-ray and interstellar-matter content of the region. From gamma-ray data we estimate a total of (8 +5 -1) x 10^6 solar masses of interstellar gas in the complex at a distance of 1.4 kpc. The gamma-ray emission from the atomic gas supports the average HI spin temperature derived from radio absorption/emission pairs to estimate its column densities. The X(CO)=N(H2)/W(CO) ratio derived in the massive Cygnus complex is consistent with other LAT estimates for clouds in the Local and Perseus arms. The mass of dark gas, escaping HI and CO observations but traced by dust and gamma rays, amounts to ~10% of the total. We find an average gamma-ray emissivity per interstellar H atom in the 0.1--100 GeV energy band in good agreement with measurements in other segments of the Local Arm. We infer that the cosmic-ray population averaged over a few hundred parsecs is fairly uniform in density and spectrum along the Local Arm. Despite the presence of potential accelerators and much larger interstellar densities in Cygnus compared to the solar neighborhood, their cosmic-ray populations are similar on such a scale.
description: Contribution to 32nd ICRC, Beijing 11-18 August 2011; 4 pages, 5 figures
A adaptive reduced-dimensional discrete element method for non-dissipative explicit dynamic responses of granular materials with high-frequency noises
Creators: name: Zhong, Xinran
name: Sun, WaiChing
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Civil engineering
subject: FOS: Civil engineering
subject: Discrete element method
subject: Orthogonal decompositions
subject: Frequency response (Dynamics)
subject: Granular materials

description: We present a dimensional-reduction framework based on proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) for non-dissipative explicit dynamic discrete element method (DEM) simulations. Through Galerkin projection, we introduce a finite dimensional space with less number of degree of freedoms such that the discrete element simulations are not only faster but also free of high-frequency noises. Since this method requires no injection of artificial or numerical damping, there is no need to tune damping parameters. The suppression of high-frequency responses allows larger time step for faster explicit integration. To capture the highly nonlinear behaviors due to particle rearrangement, an automatic mode-update scheme is formulated such that the most efficient basis can be used to predict mechanical responses. Numerical examples including, the wave propagation simulations and uniaxial extension and compression tests are used to demonstrate the capacity of the reduced order model.
A Unified Framework for Double Sweep Methods for the Helmholtz Equation
Creators: name: Bouziani, Nacime
name: Nataf, Frédéric
name: Tournier, Pierre-Henri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider sweeping domain decomposition preconditioners to solve the Helmholtz equation in the case of stripwise domain decomposition with or without overlaps. We unify their derivation and convergence studies by expressing them as Jacobi, Gauss-Seidel, and Symmetric Gauss-Seidel methods for different numbering of the unknowns. The proposed framework enables theoretical comparisons between the double sweep methods in [Nataf and Nier (1997), Vion and Geuzaine (2018)] and those in [Stolk (2013, 2017), Vion and Geuzaine (2014)]. Additionally, it facilitates the introduction of a new sweeping algorithm. We provide numerical test cases to assess the validity of the theoretical studies.
Optimization of the ultrasound-assisted aqueous enzymatic extraction of Pinus koraiensis nuts oil by response surface methodology
Creators: name: Wang, Zhongjuan
name: Zhang, Xiujuan
name: Yang, Shihan
name: Liu, Zhiting
name: Zhang, Jinshan
name: Li, Zihan
name: Chen, Xiaoqiang
name: Zhang, Ying
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Response surfaces methodology was established in order to optimize ultrasound-assisted aqueous alkaline protease extraction parameters of Pinus koraiensis nuts oil (PNO) in this short communication. On the oil yield, the impacts of single factors were studied. The solid–liquid ratio, enzyme concentration, enzyme hydrolysis temperature, and enzyme hydrolysis duration were chosen for further optimization of the extraction process utilizing a Box–Behnken design based on statistical significance analysis. Under ideal extraction conditions, a maximum oil recovery of 68.35% was achieved: solid–liquid ratio, enzyme concentration, enzyme hydrolysis temperature, and enzyme hydrolysis duration were 1:5 (g/mL), 3.23 mg/g, 44 °C, and 2.84 h, respectively. Furthermore, physicochemical properties testing revealed that the oil was of higher quality than other approaches. Meanwhile, the DPPH radical-scavenging activities increased with increased content compared to olive oil, with an IC50 value of 0.082 mg/mL. The method has a lot of potential when it comes to extracting oils from plants.
A LINE-1 insertion situated in the promoter of IMPG2 is associated with autosomal recessive progressive retinal atrophy in Lhasa Apso dogs
Creators: name: Hitti-Malin, Rebekkah J.
name: Burmeister, Louise M.
name: Ricketts, Sally L.
name: Lewis, Thomas W.
name: Pettitt, Louise
name: Boursnell, Mike
name: Schofield, Ellen C.
name: Sargan, David
name: Mellersh, Cathryn S.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Research Article
Animal population genetics
Canine
Dog
Progressive retinal atrophy
PRA
Canine retinal degeneration
Inherited
Photoreceptor degeneration
IMPG2

description: Funder: Lhasa Apso Breed Council
description: Funder: Kennel Club Charitable Trust UK
description: Abstract: Background: Canine progressive retinal atrophies are a group of hereditary retinal degenerations in dogs characterised by depletion of photoreceptor cells in the retina, which ultimately leads to blindness. PRA in the Lhasa Apso (LA) dog has not previously been clinically characterised or described in the literature, but owners in the UK are advised to have their dog examined through the British Veterinary Association/ Kennel Club/ International Sheep Dog Society (BVA/KC/ISDS) eye scheme annually, and similar schemes that are in operation in other countries. After the exclusion of 25 previously reported canine retinal mutations in LA PRA-affected dogs, we sought to identify the genetic cause of PRA in this breed. Results: Analysis of whole-exome sequencing data of three PRA-affected LA and three LA without signs of PRA did not identify any exonic or splice site variants, suggesting the causal variant was non-exonic. We subsequently undertook a genome-wide association study (GWAS), which identified a 1.3 Mb disease-associated region on canine chromosome 33, followed by whole-genome sequencing analysis that revealed a long interspersed element-1 (LINE-1) insertion upstream of the IMPG2 gene. IMPG2 has previously been implicated in human retinal disease; however, until now no canine PRAs have been associated with this gene. The identification of this PRA-associated variant has enabled the development of a DNA test for this form of PRA in the breed, here termed PRA4 to distinguish it from other forms of PRA described in other breeds. This test has been used to determine the genotypes of over 900 LA dogs. A large cohort of genotyped dogs was used to estimate the allele frequency as between 0.07–0.1 in the UK LA population. Conclusions: Through the use of GWAS and subsequent sequencing of a PRA case, we have identified a LINE-1 insertion in the retinal candidate gene IMPG2 that is associated with a form of PRA in the LA dog. Validation of this variant in 447 dogs of 123 breeds determined it was private to LA dogs. We envisage that, over time, the developed DNA test will offer breeders the opportunity to avoid producing dogs affected with this form of PRA.
title: An Investigation of The Nomological Network of Enterprise Risk Management Effectiveness: The Roles of Transformational Leadership and Organizational Culture
Creators: name: Ogunsanya, Adedayo Samuel
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Enterprise risk management
subject: Organizational Culture
subject: Transformational Leadership
subject: Group Potency
subject: Business Administration--Management

description: Finance and accounting scholars have largely relied on quantitative models based on archival data to study enterprise risk management (ERM) implementation, frequently neglecting key dimensions of organizational behaviour. To address this gap, this dissertation applies a transdisciplinary approach to investigate how the transformational leadership of the chief risk officer (CRO), the consistency of the risk management culture, and the group potency of the risk management team (i.e., whether members collectively believe that their team can be effective) contribute to ERM effectiveness. Based on survey responses from 449 risk managers and executives across financial institutions in North America, Europe, Africa and Asia, covariance-based structural equation modelling was applied to assess the effects of the independent variables on both subjective and objective measures of effective ERM. The results indicate that the chief risk officer’s transformational leadership, the consistency of the risk management culture, and the group potency of the risk management team have positive direct effects on subjective indicators of an organization’s ERM effectiveness. While the direct effect of the group potency of the risk management team on objective indicators of ERM effectiveness is significant, the direct effect of the chief risk officer’s transformational leadership is positive but not significant. Mediation analysis reveals that the consistency of the risk management culture and the group potency of the risk management team significantly positively and sequentially mediate the relationships between the chief risk officer’s transformational leadership and effective ERM. In other words, organizations with transformational CROs are more likely to have effective ERM programs because they positively influence consistent risk management cultures and the group potency of their risk management teams. These insights contribute to the theoretical understanding of ERM and offer practical guidance for enhancing its implementation in financial institutions.
BodySense - Evaluation Platform for Human Body Communication
Creators: name: Schulthess, Lukas
name: Mayer, Philipp
name: Vogt, Christian
name: Magno, Michele
name: Lucas Benini
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2025
Subjects: Human body communication (HBC)
wireless data acquisition
energy-efficient communication
body sensor networks
open hardware

description: HW design files for the modular and wearable-sized human body communication test platform.
title: The Effect of the Herbicide Glyphosate on Neurodevelopment and its Influences on Two Genetic Zebrafish Models of Autism
Creators: name: Lacroix, Rachel
Publisher: name: Cumming School of Medicine
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: zebrafish
subject: glyphosate
subject: Roundup
subject: neurodevelopment
subject: Environmental Sciences
subject: Neuroscience

description: Glyphosate is the world’s most sprayed herbicide, leading to near ubiquity in the environment and increasing exposure for humans and wildlife. Initially glyphosate was thought to be safe for animals since it targets a molecular pathway found only in plants and bacteria, which facilitated the rapid adoption of glyphosate into mainstream agricultural practices. However, growing evidence suggests that glyphosate might be toxic across a wide range of organisms, including humans, leading to growing concerns of glyphosate’s effects on human health. Epidemiolocal findings show a strong correlation between increasing human glyphosate exposure and the rising rates of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) diagnoses, raising the intriguing notion that glyphosate is somehow contributing to the etiology of ASD. The gene x environment hypothesis of ASD suggests that environmental factors, such as herbicides, may interact with autism alleles to perturb neurodevelopment to cause autism. Within this thesis, first I use zebrafish as a model system to characterize the behavioural (Chapter 3) and molecular/cellular (Chapter 4) effects of embryonic exposure to the active ingredient glyphosate alone as well as its commercial formulation RoundUp that also contains a mixture of surfactants that might be toxic. I show that embryonic exposure (10 hours-post fertilization (hpf)-48 hpf) to glyphosate singly or commercial RoundUp causes a range of behavioural deficits, with RoundUp exposed zebrafish showing a stronger phenotype. I also demonstrate that embryonic exposure to RoundUp disrupts neurogenesis and axonogenesis, and causes a concomitant increase in neuronal activity by 5 days-post fertilization (dpf). Next, I use two genetic zebrafish models whereby ASD genes have been mutated. I characterize these ASD lines and test a potential gene x environment interaction by assaying the effects of glyphosate in these zebrafish ASD models (Chapter 5). I show that ASD zebrafish have defects in morphology, behaviour, and brain activity. Behavioural and brain activity phenotypes are modulated with Roundup exposure in a genotype-dependant manner. Combined, these studies demonstrate that glyphosate and its commercial formulation RoundUp is toxic to developing brains in vivo and provide some evidence that exposure to glyphosate-based herbicides might contribute to the increasing rise of ASD diagnoses in children.
title: Identifying Regional DNA Methylation Patterns in the Human Aorta in Health and Disease
Creators: name: Idowu, Omoseni
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Health Sciences

description: The prevalence of a congenital bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) is 0.5 to 1% of the population. The condition arises from the fusion of two aortic valve leaflets and is commonly associated with progressive dilation of the aorta (aortopathy) which can lead to sudden and life-threatening complications including dissection and rupture. Diagnosis of asymptomatic BAV-associated aortopathy is challenging and, once identified, criteria for surgical intervention are poorly defined. A non-invasive assay to easily detect aortopathy and identify those patients at high risk of complications would be a significant advance. The methylation pattern of DNA is unique to each cell type because it regulates gene expression and determines cell specificity. Given their differing embryological origins, we hypothesized that unique methylation patterns exist for the aortic root, tubular ascending aorta, and proximal aortic arch. Identification of these differentially methylated regions (DMRs) in cell-free DNA (cfDNA) will provide a biomarker of aortopathy. We also hypothesized that DNA methylation in the aorta is affected by valve morphology and is related to the pathogenesis of aortopathy. To address our hypotheses, we completed three specific aims: Aim 1: Identification of region-specific DMRs from healthy human aorta tissue. Aim 2: In vitro validation of tissue specificity of aorta-specific DMRs. Aim 3: Identification of DMRs in aortic tissue from patients with aortopathy. We have created the first DNA methylation atlas of the human aorta, creating genome-wide methylation profiles of the aortic root, tubular ascending aorta and proximal aortic arch. We have shown that the DNA methylation pattern of the aortic root is distinct from the two regions of the ascending aorta. Unfortunately, we were not able to validate region-specific aorta DMRs for use in a cfDNA-based assay, and this likely reflects the inadequate density and breadth of probes in the Illumina EPIC array that we selected for this project. Finally, we identified different methylation patterns in regions of the aorta from patients with aortopathy and a BAV. In conclusion, DNA methylation appears to be important in defining the regions of the aorta, and this information can be further developed to identify novel biomarkers of aortic injury. DNA methylation also appears to be largely differentially affected in aortopathy, but further work is needed to determine if this is a primary or secondary effect.
Transcriptomics-Based Phenotypic Screening Supports Drug Discovery in Human Glioblastoma Cells.
Creators: name: Shapovalov, Vladimir
name: Kopanitsa, Liliya
name: Pruteanu, Lavinia-Lorena
name: Ladds, Graham
name: Bailey, David S
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Tumor antigens
Glioblastoma
drug targets
Regorafenib
Mardepodect
Drug-inducible Gene Expression

description: We have used three established human glioblastoma (GBM) cell lines-U87MG, A172, and T98G-as cellular systems to examine the plasticity of the drug-induced GBM cell phenotype, focusing on two clinical drugs, the phosphodiesterase PDE10A inhibitor Mardepodect and the multi-kinase inhibitor Regorafenib, using genome-wide drug-induced gene expression (DIGEX) to examine the drug response. Both drugs upregulate genes encoding specific growth factors, transcription factors, cellular signaling molecules, and cell surface proteins, while downregulating a broad range of targetable cell cycle and apoptosis-associated genes. A few upregulated genes encode therapeutic targets already addressed by FDA approved drugs, but the majority encode targets for which there are no approved drugs. Amongst the latter, we identify many novel druggable targets that could qualify for chemistry-led drug discovery campaigns. We also observe several highly upregulated transmembrane proteins suitable for combined drug, immunotherapy, and RNA vaccine approaches. DIGEX is a powerful way of visualizing the complex drug response networks emerging during GBM drug treatment, defining a phenotypic landscape which offers many new diagnostic and therapeutic opportunities. Nevertheless, the extreme heterogeneity we observe within drug-treated cells using this technique suggests that effective pan-GBM drug treatment will remain a significant challenge for many years to come.
Consistency of quantum computation and the equivalence principle
Creators: name: Nowakowski, Marcin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The equivalence principle, being one of the building blocks of general relativity, seems to be also crucial for analysis of quantum effects in gravity. In this paper we consider the question if the equivalence principle has to hold for consistency of performing quantum computation in gravitational field. We propose an analysis with a looped evolution consisting of steps both in the gravitational field and in the accelerated reference frame. We show that without the equivalence principle the looped quantum evolution cannot be unitary and looses its consistency. For this reasoning the equivalence principle is formulated in terms of the gauge transformations and is analyzed for particles acquiring an appropriate phases associated with the actions over the looped path. In consequence, to keep consistency of quantum operations in gravitational field, it is required to keep some quantum variant of the equivalence principle. This proves importance of the quantized versions of this fundamental gravitational principle for quantum information processing.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures
Additional file 1 of Physiological, metabolomic, and transcriptomic reveal metabolic pathway alterations in Gymnocypris przewalskii due to cold exposure
Creators: name: Liu, Sijia
name: Tian, Fei
name: Qi, Delin
name: Qi, Hongfang
name: Wang, Yang
name: Xu, Shixiao
name: Zhao, Kai
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Sequencing data statistics. Table S2. Mapped clean reads statistics. Table S3. Statistics of novo genes annotation. Table S4. Primers used to qRT-PCR.