cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Chandra Observations of the Lensing Cluster EMSS 1358+6245: Implications for Self-Interacting Dark Matter
Creators: name: Arabadjis, J. S.
name: Bautz, M. W.
name: Garmire, G. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present Chandra observations of EMSS 1358+6245, a relaxed cooling flow cluster of galaxies at z = 0.328. We employ a new deprojection technique to construct temperature, gas, and dark matter profiles. We confirm the presence of cool gas in the cluster core, and our deprojected temperature profile for the hot component is isothermal over 30 kpc < r < 0.8 Mpc. Fitting the mass profile to an NFW model yields r_s = 153 [+161,-83] kpc and c = 8.4 [+3.4,-2.3]. We find good agreement between our dark matter profile and weak gravitational lensing measurements. We place an upper limit of 42 kpc (90% confidence limit) on the size of any constant density core. We compare this result to recent simulations and place a conservative upper limit on the dark matter particle scattering cross section of 0.1 cm^2/g. This limit implies that the cross-section must be velocity dependent if the relatively shallow core mass profiles of dwarf galaxies are a direct result of dark matter self-interaction.
description: accepted for publ. in the Ap.J., vol. 572 (10 June 2002); minor changes from and a few additions to original version; 36 pages, 14 figs (some at low res.); full res. version available at http://space.mit.edu/~jsa/biblio/ABG_02_06.ps
Gravitational lensing constraint on the cosmic equation of state
Creators: name: Jain, Deepak
name: Dev, Abha
name: Panchapakesan, N.
name: Mahajan, S.
name: Bhatia, V. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent redshift-distance measurements of Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) at cosmological distances suggest that two-third of the energy density of the universe is dominated by dark energy component with an effective negative pressure. This dark energy component is described by the equation of state $p_{x} = w ρ_{x}$ $(w \geq -1)$. We use gravitational lensing statistics to constrain the equation of state of this dark energy. We use $n(Δθ)$, image separation distribution function of lensed quasars, as a tool to probe $w$. We find that for the observed range of $Ω_m \sim 0.2 - 0.4$, $w$ should lie between $-0.8 \leq w \leq -0.4$ in order to have five lensed quasars in a sample of 867 optical quasars. This limit is highly sensitive to lens and Schechter parameters and evolution of galaxies.
description: Modified results and inclusion of calculations with new set of parameters
Changements structurels, politiques publiques et petite agriculture familiale en Tunisie
Creators: name: Jouili, Mustapha
name: Jouili, Mustapha
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy

description: La petite exploitation familiale occupe une place importante dans le paysage agricole tunisien et assure une fonction importante en termes de sécurité alimentaire, de biodiversité et de conservation des ressources. Elle contribue également au maintien de la population rurale (revenu et emploi), à l’aménagement des espaces et à la conservation des savoir locaux. Cette petite agriculture familiale ne manque d’être affectée par les changements structurels qui caractérisent l’ensemble de l’économie et de la société. Les changements démographiques caractérisés, d’une part, par une transition qui affecte y compris les régions rurales de la Tunisie, et d’autre, les mouvements migratoires et l’urbanisation qui l’accompagnent, contribuent à des transformations dans le fonctionnement des systèmes familiaux. Sur le plan économique, la tendance est vers une baisse du poids de l’agriculture, une importance accrue des services et stagnation de la contribution de l’industrie. Cette dernière devient de plus capable de créer des emplois supplémentaires et donc d’absorber les flux migratoires. Enfin, avec la montée du chômage, la dynamique du marché d’emploi semble défavorable aux petites exploitations familiales. Cette dynamique réduit les possibilités de pluriactivité et de revenus additionnels mais aussi limite les départs de l’agriculture avec toutes les conséquences en termes de pression sur les ressources, d’adoption de stratégie de survie et de pauvreté. Par ailleurs, bien que la politique publique a toujours affiché la nécessité de prendre en compte les spécifiés des petites exploitations, les mesures mise en oeuvre ne semblent pas atteindre les objectifs anticipés.
South Africa’s domestic resource mobilization position: is it good or bad and why
Creators: name: Nyhodo, B
name: Ngqangweni, S
name: Ntombela, S
name: Myeki, L
name: Nengwekhulu, N
name: Mmbengwa, V
name: Nyhodo, B
name: Ngqangweni, S
name: Ntombela, S
name: Myeki, L
name: Nengwekhulu, N
name: Mmbengwa, V
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: This paper presents a case study on South Africa’s resource mobilisation. Domestic resource mobilisation is defined as the generation of savings from domestic resources and encouragement of investments from foreign investors to create a big domestic resource pull and the allocation of resources to economically and socially productive sectors. In South Africa, government fiscal policy and the monetary policy as well as the expenditure systems are well developed. The government lead institutions in the domestic resource mobilisation include, and not limited to, National Treasury, South African Receiver of Revenue (SARS), South African Reserve Bank (SARB), Fiscal and Financial Commission (FFS), and Statistics South Africa. The market oriented financial system of South Africa implies minimum state interventions as market mechanism is assumed to achieve the highest efficiency in terms of resource allocation. However, government acknowledge that market imperfections do occasionally arise and that intervention by way of regulation is sometimes justified. The government therefore promulgates legislation and creates regulatory authorities and authorise them to influence the economy according to government policy. South Africa has put in place strong administrative measures to ensure efficient tax collection process, however, the country still experiences large loses in the form of illicit financial flows. It is estimated that the country lost over US$ 24 billion in the last decade. South Africa’s domestic resource mobilisation status has been very good, however, recently a number of variables that are used to measure the healthy nature of this are going the opposite direction.
Pagurus granosimanus
Creators: name: Wicksten, Mary K.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Malacostraca
Decapoda
Paguridae
Pagurus
Pagurus granosimanus

description: Pagurus granosimanus (Stimpson, 1860)
(Fig. 43K–N, Pl. 9E)
 Eupagurus granosimanus Stimpson, 1860: 90.
 Pagurus granosimanus. — Holmes 1900: 146. — Rathbun 1904: 160, pl. 5, fig. 8. — Schmitt 1921: 141, fig. 91. — Johnson & Snook 1927: 336, figs. 278, 284. — McLaughlin 1974: 158, figs. 39, 40. — Haig & Abbott 1980: 586, fig. 24.13. — Hart 1982: 136, fig. 50. — Ricketts et al. 1985: 273. — Jensen 1995: 65, fig. 121. — Lemaitre & Castaño 2004: 78. — Kuris et al. 2007: 649, pl. 326 E.
 Diagnosis. Rostrum short, blunt, barely longer than lateral projections of carapace. Eyestalk long, corneae slightly dilated, ocular scale rounded. Major cheliped stout, covered with small spinules, granules, fingers very short. Minor cheliped similar to major but with most granules on palm, fingers, fewer on proximal parts. Pereopods 2, 3 stout, with rows of spinules, serrate margins of propodi and carpi, dactyls about as long as propodi, broad. Telson slightly asymmetrical, lateral margins notched, terminal margin with median notch, spinules. Uropods asymmetrical. Carapace length to 19 mm.
 Color in life. Reddish to olive green with white or blue granules, pereopods 2, 3 without prominent bands. Eyestalk with faint yellow stripes. Flagellum of antenna bright red.
 Habitat and depth. Usually mid-littoral zone of rocky areas, bays and tide pools, intertidal zone to 36 m.
 Range. Unalaska, Alaska to Ensenada, Baja California. Type locality Monterey, California.
 Remarks. This common intertidal hermit crab usually inhabits shells of Tegula spp.
description: Published as part of Wicksten, Mary K., 2012, Decapod Crustacea of the Californian and Oregonian Zoogeographic Provinces 3371, pp. 1-307 in Zootaxa 3371 on page 187
The universal unramified module for GL(n) and the Ihara conjecture
Creators: name: Moss, Gilbert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11F33, 22E50, 22E55

description: Let $F$ be a finite extension of $\mathbb{Q}_p$. Let $W(k)$ denote the Witt vectors of an algebraically closed field $k$ of characteristic $\ell$ different from $p$ and $2$, and let $\mathcal{Z}$ be the spherical Hecke algebra for $GL_n(F)$ over $W(k)$. Given a Hecke character $λ:\mathcal{Z}\to R$, where $R$ is an arbitrary $W(k)$-algebra, we introduce the universal unramified module $\mathcal{M}_{λ,R}$. We show $\mathcal{M}_{λ,R}$ embeds in its Whittaker space and is flat over $R$, resolving a conjecture of Lazarus. It follows that $\mathcal{M}_{λ,k}$ has the same semisimplification as any unramified principle series with Hecke character $λ$. In the setting of mod-$\ell$ automorphic forms, Clozel, Harris, and Taylor formulate a conjectural analogue of Ihara's lemma. It predicts that every irreducible submodule of a certain cyclic module $V$ of mod-$\ell$ automorphic forms is generic. Our result on the Whittaker model of $\mathcal{M}_{λ,k}$ reduces the Ihara conjecture to the statement that $V$ is generic.
description: To appear in Algebra Number Theory. 29 pages
Pumping spin with electrical fields
Creators: name: Governale, M.
name: Taddei, F.
name: Fazio, Rosario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spin currents can be obtained through adiabatic pumping by means of electrical gating only. This is possible by making use of the tunability of the Rashba spin-orbit coupling in semiconductor heterostructures. We demonstrate the principles of this effect by considering a single-channel wire with a constriction. We also consider realistic structures, consisting of several open channels where subband spin-mixing and disorder are present, and we confirm our predictions. Two different ways to detect the spin-pumping effect, either using ferromagnetic leads or applying a magnetic field, are discussed.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures; minor changes, typos corrected
CompRRAE: RRAM-based Convolutional Neural Network Accelerator with Reduced Computations through a Runtime Activation Estimation
Creators: name: Chen, Xizi
name: Zhu, Jingyang
name: Jiang, Jingbo
name: Tsui, Chi-Ying
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Recently Resistive-RAM (RRAM) crossbar has been used in the design of the accelerator of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to solve the memory wall issue. However, the intensive multiply-accumulate computations (MACs) executed at the crossbars during the inference phase are still the bottleneck for the further improvement of energy efficiency and throughput. In this work, we explore several methods to reduce the computations for the RRAM-based CNN accelerators. First, the output sparsity resulting from the widely employed Rectified Linear Unit is exploited, and a significant portion of computations are bypassed through an early detection of the negative output activations. Second, an adaptive approximation is proposed to terminate the MAC early when the sum of the partial results of the remaining computations is considered to be within a certain range of the intermediate accumulated result and thus has an insignificant contribution to the inference. In order to determine these redundant computations, a novel runtime estimation on the maximum and minimum values of each output activation is developed and used during the MAC operation. Experimental results show that around 70% of the computations can be reduced during the inference with a negligible accuracy loss smaller than 0.2%. As a result, the energy efficiency and the throughput are improved by over 2.9 and 2.8 times, respectively, compared with the state-of-the-art RRAM-based accelerators.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures, Accepted by ASP-DAC 2019
Lamponega serpentine PLATNICK 2000, new species
Creators: name: PLATNICK, NORMAN I.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2000
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Lamponidae
Lamponega
Lamponega serpentine

description: Lamponega serpentine, new species Figures 342, 343; Map 40
TYPE: Male holotype taken under bark on the E side of Serpentine Lakes, 288309S, 1298029E, South Australia (Apr. 18, 1994; P. Hudson), deposited in SAM (N1996 /320).
ETYMOLOGY: The specific name is a noun in apposition taken from the type locality.
 DIAGNOSIS: Males resemble those of L. forceps in sternal modifications, but have the embolar base directed more distally (fig. 342).
 MALE: Total length 4.7. Coloration as in L. forceps. Palp as in L. forceps but tegulum proportionately shorter, embolar base without pronounced constriction, directed distally (figs. 342, 343).
FEMALE: Unknown.
OTHER MATERIAL EXAMINED: None.
DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the western border of South Australia (map 40).
description: Published as part of PLATNICK, NORMAN I., 2000, A Relimitation And Revision Of The Australasian Ground Spider Family Lamponidae (Araneae: Gnaphosoidea), pp. 1-328 in Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2000 (245) on page 151, DOI: 10.1206/0003-0090(2000)245<0001:ARAROT>2.0.CO;2, http://zenodo.org/record/5348675
Comparative studies of torrefaction and hydrothermal carbonization of renewable solid fuels
Creators: name: Małgorzata Wilk
name: Magdziarz, Aneta
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 90405 Non-automotive Combustion and Fuel Engineering (incl. Alternative/Renewable Fuels)
subject: FOS: Environmental engineering

description: ISCP2019
Economic Activity of Farms Against Farms Countries of the European Union
Creators: name: Brelik, Agnieszka
name: Brelik, Agnieszka
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Farm Management
subject: International Development
subject: rural area
subject: other gainful activity
subject: agricultural farm

description: The development of an economic activity has been considered as a driving force for economic development, creating a chance to remove the rural population outside the agricultural sector. This article presents an analysis of the development of non-agricultural activities on farms in Poland and other countries in the European Union. A spatial variation in entrepreneurial farms in the EU in the years 2005, 2007 and 2010 indicated the dominant form of non-agricultural activities.
Lamponella kroombit PLATNICK 2000, new species
Creators: name: PLATNICK, NORMAN I.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2000
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Lamponidae
Lamponella
Lamponella kroombit

description: Lamponella kroombit, new species Figures 378, 379; Map 45
TYPE: Female holotype taken in Berlese sample of sieved open forest litter from Kroombit Tops, 248239S, 1518029E, Queensland (Dec. 14, 1983; G. Monteith, V. Davies, J. Gallon, G. Thompson), deposited in QMB (S34359).
ETYMOLOGY: The specific name is a noun in apposition taken from the type locality.
 DIAGNOSIS: Males are unknown; females have a distinctive, rounded epigynal atrium with anterior openings (fig. 378) and medially constricted spermathecae (fig. 379). Although it is conceivable that this species represents the female of L. wombat, epigynal similarities with the female of L. homevale suggest that the male of L. kroombit should be close to that of L. homevale, whereas the L. wombat appears to be closer to the less oddly modified males of L. ainslie and L. kanangra.
MALE: Unknown.
FEMALE: Total length 4.2 Abdominal dorsum dirty white, palest in cardiac area, legs unmarked. Epigynal atrium large, rounded, with openings situated anteriorly (fig. 378); spermathecae constricted medially, anterior lobes directed laterally (fig. 379).
OTHER MATERIAL EXAMINED: None.
DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality in southeastern Queensland (map 45).
description: Published as part of PLATNICK, NORMAN I., 2000, A Relimitation And Revision Of The Australasian Ground Spider Family Lamponidae (Araneae: Gnaphosoidea), pp. 1-328 in Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2000 (245) on pages 167-168, DOI: 10.1206/0003-0090(2000)245<0001:ARAROT>2.0.CO;2, http://zenodo.org/record/5348675
Possible applications of coal combustion fly ash
Creators: name: Kuźnia, Monika
name: Magiera, Anna
name: Jerzak, Wojciech
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 90405 Non-automotive Combustion and Fuel Engineering (incl. Alternative/Renewable Fuels)
subject: FOS: Environmental engineering

description: ISCP2019
Additional file 1 of Melatonin treatment improves human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell therapy in a mouse model of type II diabetes mellitus via the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway
Creators: name: Aierken, Aili
name: Li, Balun
name: Liu, Peng
name: Cheng, Xuedi
name: Kou, Zheng
name: Tan, Ning
name: Zhang, Mengfei
name: Yu, Shuai
name: Shen, Qiaoyan
name: Du, Xiaomin
name: Enkhbaatar, Bold Bayar
name: Zhang, Juqing
name: Zhang, Rui
name: Wu, Xiaolong
name: Wang, Ruibin
name: He, Xin
name: Li, Na
name: Peng, Sha
name: Jia, Wenwen
name: Wang, Congrong
name: Hua, Jinlian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Supplementary figures.
Pagurus hemphilli
Creators: name: Wicksten, Mary K.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Malacostraca
Decapoda
Paguridae
Pagurus
Pagurus hemphilli

description: Pagurus hemphilli (Benedict, 1892a)
(Fig. 43O, Pl. 9F)
 Eupagurus hemphilli Benedict, 1892a: 16.
 Pagurus hemphilli. — Holmes 1900: 147. — Rathbun 1904: 160, pl. 5, fig. 9. — Schmitt 1921: 142, fig. 92. — Johnson & Snook 1927; 336. — McLaughlin 1974: 149, figs. 37, 38. — Haig & Wicksten 1975: 102. — Haig & Abbott 1980: 586, fig. 24.12. — Hart 1982: 134, fig. 49. — Ricketts et al. 1985: 58, fig. 2. — Jensen 1995: 63, fig. 114. — Lemaitre & Castaño 2004: 78. — Kuris et al. 2007: 649.
 Diagnosis. Rostrum wide, triangular, longer than lateral projections of carapace. Eyestalk slender, cornea slightly dilated, ocular scale pointed. Major cheliped much larger than minor cheliped, finely granulate, with few setae, some teeth on distal margins of merus, carpus; carpus laterally compressed, inflated ventrally, triangular in lateral view; fingers of chela very short, broad. Minor cheliped very short, granulate, laterally compressed. Pereopods 2, 3 stout, dorsal margins of propodus, carpus serrate, dactyls broad, stout, as long as or shorter than propodi. Telson asymmetrical, with notches on lateral, terminal margins; terminal margin with teeth. Uropods asymmetrical. Carapace length to 15 mm.
 Color in life. Rich maroon with blue granules; ends of dactyls yellow. Cornea with gold ring. Flagellum of antenna red. Juveniles may have white bands on pereopods 2, 3. The color notes are from crabs from Monterey Bay, California.
 Habitat and depth. Rocky areas and kelp beds on open coasts; lowest intertidal zone but usually subtidal, to 50 m.
 Range. Klokachef I., Alaska to San Miguel I., California. Particularly common in central California from Mendocino to San Luis Obispo counties. Type locality Monterey, California.
 Remarks. This hermit crab usually inhabits shells of Tegula and Astraea spp. Often, the shells are encrusted with red algae. The slipper shell Garnotia adunca (G.B. Sowerby, 1825); and the white limpet Acmaea mitra Rathke, 1833 may live atop the shells.
description: Published as part of Wicksten, Mary K., 2012, Decapod Crustacea of the Californian and Oregonian Zoogeographic Provinces 3371, pp. 1-307 in Zootaxa 3371 on pages 187-189
Structural Changes in Wheat Market
Creators: name: Czech, Katarzyna
name: Czech, Katarzyna
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: agricultural commodity
subject: wheat market
subject: structural breaks
subject: Bai-Perron test

description: Time series analysis is based on the assumption of stationarity. Stationarity implies the parameters are constant over time. Structural break occurs when at least one of the parameters changes at some date. Structural breaks can lead to huge forecasting errors and unreliability of the model. Modelling structure breaks is very popular in the literature of macroeconomics and finance. However, there are still too few publications about structural breaks in agricultural market. The goal of research is to identify structural breaks in wheat prices time series. A few structural break tests are applied. It has been shown that there is at least one significant structural break in the analysed time series. Both Quandt-Andrews and Bai-Perron tests show that there is a significant breakpoint in 12.09.2007. The estimated break date is associated with the beginning of global financial crisis. It may imply that wheat prices have become more prone to changes in global financial market.
title: 01_1563
Creators: name: Wesley Baldwin, John
name: Baldwin, John W.
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: L'ensemble de ces notes ont été crée par John Baldwin lors d'une de ses premières périodes de résidence à Paris. Ces documents comprennent tous les magistri qu’il avait pu rencontrer dans ses sources. Aux XIIème et XIIIème siècles, les universités n'existant pas encore, le titre de magister s'il évoque certainement une compétence n'est pas rattaché de façon systématique au passage par les écoles. De surcroît, les magistris sont le plus souvent désignés par leur seul prénom. La lecture de ces données est donc difficile et suppose un long travail pour tenter d'identifier un individu auquel on pourrait rattacher plusieurs mentions. John Baldwin avait donc renoncé à utiliser ces données pour donner un prolongement à sa magnifique étude sur les gradués d'université et leur emploi par les Capétiens et les Plantagenêts. Néanmoins, il a conservé ces données et elles sont potentiellement très utile dans le cadre de Studium, comme le sont toutes les mentions dans les volumes des Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae de chanoines portant ce titre de magister sans autres précisions. L'ampleur des dépouillements rend ces données très utiles et nous devons une grande reconnaissance à John Baldwin pour avoir pris la peine de faire photocopier ses fiches et de nous les avoir transmises amicalement.
Les données ainsi que les images des fiches sont accessibles sur le site Internet à l'adresse suivante : http://studium-baldwin.lamop.fr/.
Les transcriptions des fiches ont été effectuées par des étudiants de Paris 1 Panthéon - Sorbonne mais elles n'ont pas été corrigées par la suite.
description: Relation: https://lamop.hypotheses.org/
Supplementary Materials (S4): contains a table shows the references sequences retrieved from NCBI for the Capra species and other species used in phylogenetic analysis from Genetic diversity of the Nubian ibex in Oman as revealed by mitochondrial DNA
Creators: name: Al-Ghafri, Mataab K.
name: White, Patrick J. C.
name: Briers, Robert A.
name: Dicks, Kara L.
name: Ball, Alex
name: Ghazali, Muhammad
name: Ross, Steven
name: Taimur Al-Said
name: Al-Amri, Haitham
name: Mudhafar Al-Umairi
name: Al-Saadi, Hani
name: Aka'ak, Ali
name: Hardan, Ahmed
name: Zabanoot, Nasser
name: Craig, Mark
name: Senn, Helen
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 60102 Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The Nubian ibex (Capra nubiana) is patchily distributed across parts of Africa and Arabia. In Oman, it is one of the few free-ranging wild mammals found in the central and southern regions. Its population is declining due to habitat degradation, human expansion, poaching and fragmentation. Here, we investigated the population's genetic diversity using mitochondrial DNA (D-loop 186 bp and cytochrome b 487 bp). We found that the Nubian ibex in the southern region of Oman was more diverse (D-loop HD; 0.838) compared to the central region (0.511) and gene flow between them was restricted. We compared the genetic profiles of wild Nubian ibex from Oman with captive ibex. A Bayesian phylogenetic tree showed that wild Nubian ibex form a distinct clade independent from captive animals. This divergence was supported by high mean distances (D-loop 0.126, cytochrome b 0.0528) and high FST statistics (D-loop 0.725, cytochrome b 0.968). These results indicate that captive ibex are highly unlikely to have originated from the wild population in Oman and the considerable divergence suggests that the wild population in Oman should be treated as a distinct taxonomic unit. Further nuclear genetic work will be required to fully elucidate the degree of global taxonomic divergence of Nubian ibex populations.
Pagurus hirsutiusculus
Creators: name: Wicksten, Mary K.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Malacostraca
Decapoda
Paguridae
Pagurus
Pagurus hirsutiusculus

description: Pagurus hirsutiusculus (Dana, 1851)
(Fig. 44A, B; Pl. 10B)
 Bernhardus hirsutiusculus Dana, 1851: 70; 1852: 443, pl. I; 1855: pl. 27, fig. 3.
 Pagurus hirsutiusculus.— Holmes 1900: 143 (part). — Rathbun 1904: 159 (part). — Schmitt 1921: 137, fig. 89 (part). — Johnson & Snook 1927: 334, figs. 279, 280 (part). — Makarov 1962: 171, pl. 3, fig. 4. — Wicksten 1977c: 541. — Hart 1982: 138, fig. 51 (part). — Ricketts et al. 1985: 278 (part). — Jensen 1995: 66, fig. 125. — Komai & Yakovlev 2000: 305. — Lemaitre & Castaño 2004: 78. — Kuris et al. 2007: 650.
 Pagurus hirsutiusculus hirsutiusculus. — McLaughlin 1974: 175, figs. 43a–c, 44a–h. — Haig & Abbott 1980: 585, fig. 24.11. — McLaughlin et al. 1988: 430. — Mesce 1993: 95.
 Diagnosis. Rostrum triangular, pointed, reaching to middle of ocular scale or beyond; much longer than lateral projections of carapace. Eyestalk stout, cornea not dilated, ocular scale pointed. Major cheliped stout, shorter than pereopods 2, 3; merus, carpus setose, with granules, spines, ridges; hand slightly convex, with many granules. Major cheliped elongated, fingers gaping in adult male. Minor cheliped setose, with granules. Pereopods 2, 3 setose, dactyls slender, about as long as propodi. Telson asymmetrical, lateral margins with notches, terminal margin with notch, teeth. Uropods asymmetrical. Carapace length to 19 mm.
 Color in life. Almost black to greenish brown. Apices of minor chela tan or orange. Pereopods 2, 3 with white band on propodus, often also blue dot; dactyl whitish, striped with blue, red. Antennal flagellum banded with translucent and brown. The color notes are from crabs from Coyote Point, San Francisco Bay, California.
 Habitat and depth. Often in protected areas with silt or in bays or harbors. Usually upper and middle intertidal zone, to 110 m.
 Range. Eastern Hokkaido, Kuril Is., Kamchatka; Pribilof Is. to Monterey, California. Type locality Puget Sound. Records from southern California refer to Pagurus venturensis Coffin, 1957.
 Remarks. This is a common intertidal hermit crab. It usually lives in areas more protected from strong surf than P. samuelis, although both species can co-occur. It often inhabits shells of Nucella spp. In San Francisco Bay, it uses shells of gastropod species introduced from the Atlantic. Slipper shells (Crepidula spp.) may live inside the aperture of the shell. Mesce (1993) determined that setae on the minor chela of P. hirsutiusculus act as mechanoreceoptors and chemoreceptors during examination of gastropod shells.
description: Published as part of Wicksten, Mary K., 2012, Decapod Crustacea of the Californian and Oregonian Zoogeographic Provinces 3371, pp. 1-307 in Zootaxa 3371 on page 189
Notsodipus broadwater PLATNICK 2000, new species
Creators: name: PLATNICK, NORMAN I.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2000
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Lamponidae
Notsodipus
Notsodipus broadwater

description: Notsodipus broadwater, new species Figures 674, 675; Map 76
TYPE: Male holotype taken in pitfall trap at Lake Broadwater, via Dalby, 278219S, 1518069E, Queensland (May 17–Nov. 24, 1985; M. Bennie), deposited in QMB (S34338).
ETYMOLOGY: The specific name is a noun in apposition taken from the type locality.
DIAGNOSIS: Males of this distinctive species can easily be recognized by the large, rounded, membranous ventral prong of the terminal apophysis (fig. 674).
MALE: Total length 3.2. Abdominal dorsum with three pairs of small, pale, anterior spots and few pale posterior chevrons showing through scutum, venter with two longitudinal rows of small, orange, circular sclerites. Leg spination typical for genus. Retrolateral tibial apophysis long, narrow (fig. 675); median prong of terminal apophysis long, membranous except along dorsal edge, tegulum with prolaterally situated lobe (fig. 674).
FEMALE: Unknown.
OTHER MATERIAL EXAMINED: One male taken with the type (QMB S34339).
DISTRIBUTION: Known only from southeastern Queensland (map 76).
description: Published as part of PLATNICK, NORMAN I., 2000, A Relimitation And Revision Of The Australasian Ground Spider Family Lamponidae (Araneae: Gnaphosoidea), pp. 1-328 in Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2000 (245) on pages 280-281, DOI: 10.1206/0003-0090(2000)245<0001:ARAROT>2.0.CO;2, http://zenodo.org/record/5348675
Can Unprocessed Food Prices Really Be One of the Main Responsible Causes for not Achieving Inflation Targets in Turkey?
Creators: name: Göktaş, Pinar
name: Göktaş, Pinar
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: unprocessed food price index
subject: processed food price index
subject: food price index
subject: GARCH-type volatility forecasting models
subject: VAR Granger causality/block exogeneity wald tests
subject: inflation targeting
subject: Turkey

description: Parallel to international conjecture, as of 2006 food prices, particularly those of unprocessed foods, have displayed high levels of fluctuation and it is know that these fluctuations have increased in more recent years. In the explanations and reports issued by economic circles and fiscal authorities, it is frequently emphasized that fluctuations seen in food prices result in negative influences on inflation and particularly the fluctuations observed in unprocessed foods create serious uncertainties by making inflation forecasting quite difficult. In the current study, whether there is some kind of interaction between 2006:01-2016:03 inflation realizations in Turkey and food prices, processed and unprocessed food prices and uncertainties obtained by using GARCH-type volatility forecasting models was analyzed through VAR Granger causality tests. The findings obtained in the current study support the explanations of economic circles to a great extent.
Bias In, Bias Out? Evaluating the Folk Wisdom
Creators: name: Rambachan, Ashesh
name: Roth, Jonathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We evaluate the folk wisdom that algorithmic decision rules trained on data produced by biased human decision-makers necessarily reflect this bias. We consider a setting where training labels are only generated if a biased decision-maker takes a particular action, and so "biased" training data arise due to discriminatory selection into the training data. In our baseline model, the more biased the decision-maker is against a group, the more the algorithmic decision rule favors that group. We refer to this phenomenon as "bias reversal." We then clarify the conditions that give rise to bias reversal. Whether a prediction algorithm reverses or inherits bias depends critically on how the decision-maker affects the training data as well as the label used in training. We illustrate our main theoretical results in a simulation study applied to the New York City Stop, Question and Frisk dataset.
Long Period Variable Stars: galactic populations and infrared luminosity calibrations
Creators: name: Mennessier, M. O.
name: Mowlavi, N.
name: Alvarez, R.
name: Luri, X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper HIPPARCOS astrometric and kinematic data are used to calibrate both infrared luminosities and kinematical parameters of Long Period Variable stars (LPVs). Individual absolute K and IRAS 12 and 25 luminosities of 800 LPVs are determined and made available in electronic form. The estimated mean kinematics is analyzed in terms of galactic populations. LPVs are found to belong to galactic populations ranging from the thin disk to the extended disk. An age range and a lower limit of the initial mass is given for stars of each population. A difference of 1.3mag in K for the upper limit of the Asymptotic Giant Branch is found between the disk and old disk galactic populations, confirming its dependence on the mass in the main sequence. LPVs with a thin envelope are distinguished using the estimated mean IRAS luminosities. The level of attraction (in the classification sense) of each group for the usual classifying parameters of LPVs (variability and spectral types) is examined.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A (May 2001). 13 pages
Pagurus ochotensis Brandt 1851
Creators: name: Wicksten, Mary K.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Malacostraca
Decapoda
Paguridae
Pagurus
Pagurus ochotensis

description: Pagurus ochotensis Brandt, 1851
(Fig. 44C–G)
 Pagurus ochotensis Brandt, 1851: 108. — Johnson & Snook 1927: 333 (part). — Makarov 1962: 188, pl. 2, fig. 2. — McLaughlin 1974: 57, figs. 15, 16 (extensive synonymy). — Haig & Wicksten 1975: 101. — Hart 1982: 128, fig. 46. — McLaughlin et al. 1992: 507, figs. 1–12. — Jensen 1995: 64, fig. 118. — Lemaitre & Castaño 2004: 78. — Kuris et al. 2007: 649.
 Not Pagurus ochotensis of Schmitt, 1921: 130, fig. 84; = Pagurus armatus (Dana).
 Diagnosis. Rostrum triangular, about as long as or slightly longer than lateral projections of carapace. Eyestalk short, stout; cornea dilated, ocular scale pointed. Major cheliped stout, shorter than walking legs; carpus with 2 rows dorsal spines, strong spines along lateral, mesial borders; hand with 3 rows small spines not continuing to fixed finger but also with numerous spinules on dorsal surface, fingers; row of low spines on lateral margin. Minor cheliped with spines similar to major cheliped. Pereopods 2, 3 long, with spines along margins of carpus, propodus; dactyls longer than propodi, curved, with serrate dorsal margins, 2 shallow grooves, close-set ventral spines. Telson asymmetrical, left lobe longer than right, with notches on lateral margins, terminal margin concave, with teeth. Uropods asymmetrical. Carapace length to 27.7 mm.
 Color in life. Right cheliped with ischium, merus white, merus with pearly iridescence, streaks, bands of maroon; carpus gray to brown with gray spines, green, pink or bronze iridescence; hand white or pinkish covered by gray or brown spines, granules; maroon streak along fixed finger. Left cheliped similar but no prominent maroon streak on hand. Pereopods 2, 3 with ischium yellowish, merus light brown with maroon, blue areas, green iridescence, carpus, propodus similar but also with 2 maroon stripes, dactyl with marks of maroon, blue stripes. Eyestalk white with red spots, greenish yellow band; cornea distinctively greenish yellow. Antennae pinkish brown (McLaughlin 1974). The color of the cornea and the iridescence of the appendages are distinctive.
 Habitat and depth. Sand or mud, usually subtidal, lowest intertidal zone to 388m.
 Range. Pribilof Is., Alaska to Point Arena, California. Type locality "Okhotsk Sea.”
 Remarks. This species often inhabits the shells of large moon snails (Naticidae). Divers have seen it running across sandy areas.
description: Published as part of Wicksten, Mary K., 2012, Decapod Crustacea of the Californian and Oregonian Zoogeographic Provinces 3371, pp. 1-307 in Zootaxa 3371 on pages 189-191
Influence of the HTC treatment on fast pyrolysis of agricultural biomass
Creators: name: Bramer, Eddy A.
name: Paweł Owczarek
name: Bijl, Anton
name: Niedzwiecki, Lukasz
name: Pozarlik, Artur
name: Mościcki, Krzysztof
name: Wnukowski, Mateusz
name: Pawlak-Kruczek, Halina
name: Brem, Gerrit
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 90405 Non-automotive Combustion and Fuel Engineering (incl. Alternative/Renewable Fuels)
subject: FOS: Environmental engineering

description: ISCP2019
POBA-GA: Perturbation Optimized Black-Box Adversarial Attacks via Genetic Algorithm
Creators: name: Chen, Jinyin
name: Su, Mengmeng
name: Shen, Shijing
name: Xiong, Hui
name: Zheng, Haibin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Most deep learning models are easily vulnerable to adversarial attacks. Various adversarial attacks are designed to evaluate the robustness of models and develop defense model. Currently, adversarial attacks are brought up to attack their own target model with their own evaluation metrics. And most of the black-box adversarial attack algorithms cannot achieve the expected success rate compared with white-box attacks. In this paper, comprehensive evaluation metrics are brought up for different adversarial attack methods. A novel perturbation optimized black-box adversarial attack based on genetic algorithm (POBA-GA) is proposed for achieving white-box comparable attack performances. Approximate optimal adversarial examples are evolved through evolutionary operations including initialization, selection, crossover and mutation. Fitness function is specifically designed to evaluate the example individual in both aspects of attack ability and perturbation control. Population diversity strategy is brought up in evolutionary process to promise the approximate optimal perturbations obtained. Comprehensive experiments are carried out to testify POBA-GA's performances. Both simulation and application results prove that our method is better than current state-of-art black-box attack methods in aspects of attack capability and perturbation control.
Q factor limitation at short wavelength (around 300 nm) in III-nitride-on-silicon photonic crystal cavities
Creators: name: Tabataba-Vakili, Farsane
name: Roland, Iannis
name: Tran, Thi-Mo
name: Checoury, Xavier
name: Kurdi, Moustafa El
name: Sauvage, Sébastien
name: Brimont, Christelle
name: Guillet, Thierry
name: Rennesson, Stéphanie
name: Duboz, Jean-Yves
name: Semond, Fabrice
name: Gayral, Bruno
name: Boucaud, Philippe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: III-nitride-on-silicon L3 photonic crystal cavities with resonances down to 315 nm and quality factors (Q) up to 1085 at 337 nm have been demonstrated. The reduction of the quality factor with decreasing wavelength is investigated. Besides the quantum well absorption below 340 nm, a noteworthy contribution is attributed to the residual absorption present in thin AlN layers grown on silicon, as measured by spectroscopic ellipsometry. This residual absorption ultimately limits the Q factor to around 2000 at 300 nm when no active layer is present.
The distant Type Ia supernova rate
Creators: name: Pain, R.
name: Fabbro, S.
name: Sullivan, M.
name: Ellis, R. S.
name: Aldering, G.
name: Astier, P.
name: Duestua, S. E.
name: Fruchter, A. S.
name: Goldhaber, G.
name: Goobar, A.
name: Groom, D. E.
name: Hardin, D.
name: Hook, I. M.
name: Howell, D. A.
name: Irwin, M. J.
name: Kim, A. G.
name: Kim, M. Y.
name: Knop, R. A.
name: Lee, J. C.
name: Lidman, C.
name: McMahon, R. G.
name: Nugent, P. E.
name: Panagia, N.
name: Pennypacker, C. R.
name: Perlmutter, S.
name: Ruiz-Lapuente, P.
name: Schahmaneche, K.
name: Schaefer, B.
name: Walton., N. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a measurement of the rate of distant Type Ia supernovae derived using 4 large subsets of data from the Supernova Cosmology Project. Within this fiducial sample, which surveyed about 12 square degrees, thirty-eight supernovae were detected at redshifts 0.25--0.85. In a spatially-flat cosmological model consistent with the results obtained by the Supernova Cosmology Project, we derive a rest-frame Type Ia supernova rate at a mean redshift $z\simeq0.55$ of $1.53 {^{+0.28}_{-0.25}} {^{+0.32}_{-0.31}} 10^{-4} h^3 {\rm Mpc}^{-3} {\rm yr}^{-1}$ or $0.58 {^{+0.10}_{-0.09}} {^{+0.10}_{-0.09}} h^2 {\rm SNu}$ (1 SNu = 1 supernova per century per $10^{10}$\Lbsun), where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second includes systematic effects. The dependence of the rate on the assumed cosmological parameters is studied and the redshift dependence of the rate per unit comoving volume is contrasted with local estimates in the context of possible cosmic star formation histories and progenitor models.
description: 40 pages and 7 figures. Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal. Preprint also available at http://supernova.lbl.gov
Additional file 3 of Deterministic transition of enterotypes shapes the infant gut microbiome at an early age
Creators: name: Xiao, Liwen
name: Wang, Jinfeng
name: Zheng, Jiayong
name: Li, Xiaoqing
name: Zhao, Fangqing
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 3. Review history
Transportation Costs of Containers from Asia to Europe via DCT Gdansk and Hamburg Seaports
Creators: name: Górecka, Aleksandra
name: Górecka, Aleksandra
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: transport
subject: seaport
subject: maritime transport
subject: intermodal transport
subject: Hamburg
subject: DCT Gdansk

description: The aim of this study was to compare the transportation costs of containers being transported from Asia to Europe via Hamburg and Gdansk seaports. Three indexes are considered to be important for a logistic operator while choosing the transport route for 20 TEU containers: costs, time, and distance. This study confirms that Deepwater Container Terminal in Gdansk transports containers more effectively.
Support of Eco-innovation Projects in Agriculture: Case of Poland
Creators: name: Horin, Nataliya
name: Horin, Nataliya
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: International Development
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: eco-innovation
subject: agriculture
subject: support
subject: Poland

description: The study attempts to investigate Polish practices to support the eco-innovation in agriculture that ensure the sustainable development of the sector. The specificities and barriers to ecoinnovative activities of agricultural enterprises were defined. The paper focuses on the analysis of the supporting mechanism of eco-innovation in Polish agriculture both on national and EU’s levels. Using the factor and SWOT analyses, the author determines the effectiveness, opportunities and challenges of Polish support of agri-ecological innovation. The relationships between the eco-innovative indicators and the level of support for farmers are also shown.
Tools and Mechanisms for Rural Area Development in the State Economic Security Policy System
Creators: name: Hubeni, Yuriy
name: Boiko, Vitalii
name: Olishchuk, Petro
name: Hubeni, Yuriy
name: Boiko, Vitalii
name: Olishchuk, Petro
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: International Development
subject: rural areas
subject: economic security
subject: social and economic development
subject: state economic security policy
subject: economic mechanism
subject: diversification

description: The article studies the regional-sectoral dimension of the correlation between the development of rural areas and the economic security of the state. The structural approaches are determined by the positioning of the economic mechanism of rural area development in the system of state economic security. The paper identifies key risks and describes their destabilizing impact on rural area development in the context of the economic, social and environmental spheres. A set of tools and mechanisms are worked out to stimulate the development of rural areas within the framework of the state policy of economic security; these the key mechanisms are administrative and management, organizational and economic, socio-humanitarian, logistics and infrastructural, and environmental protection.