cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Transition to a Moist Greenhouse with CO$_2$ and solar forcing
Creators: name: Popp, Max
name: Schmidt, Hauke
name: Marotzke, Jochem
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Water-rich planets such as Earth are expected to become eventually uninhabitable, because liquid water does not remain stable at the surface as surface temperatures increase with the solar luminosity over time. Whether a large increase of atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases such as CO$_2$ could also destroy the habitability of water-rich planets has remained unclear. We show with three-dimensional aqua-planet numerical experiments that CO$_2$-induced forcing as readily destabilizes the climate as does solar forcing. The climate instability is caused by a positive cloud feedback. The climate does not run away, but instead attains a new steady state with global-mean sea-surface temperatures above 330 K. The upper atmosphere is considerably moister in this warm steady state than in the reference climate, implying that the planet would be subject to substantial loss of water to space. For either a certain range of elevated CO$_2$ concentrations or solar irradiation, we find both cold and warm equilibrium states, implying that the transition to the warm state may not simply be reversed by removing the additional forcing.
description: 30 pages, 8 figures
A Search for Light Fermionic Dark Matter Absorption on Electrons in PandaX-4T
Creators: name: Zhang, Dan
name: Abdukerim, Abdusalam
name: Bo, Zihao
name: Chen, Wei
name: Chen, Xun
name: Chen, Yunhua
name: Cheng, Chen
name: Cheng, Zhaokan
name: Cui, Xiangyi
name: Fan, Yingjie
name: Fang, Deqing
name: Fu, Changbo
name: Fu, Mengting
name: Geng, Lisheng
name: Giboni, Karl
name: Gu, Linhui
name: Guo, Xuyuan
name: Han, Ke
name: He, Changda
name: He, Jinrong
name: Huang, Di
name: Huang, Yanlin
name: Huang, Zhou
name: Hou, Ruquan
name: Ji, Xiangdong
name: Ju, Yonglin
name: Li, Chenxiang
name: Li, Jiafu
name: Li, Mingchuan
name: Li, Shu
name: Li, Shuaijie
name: Lin, Qing
name: Liu, Jianglai
name: Lu, Xiaoying
name: Luo, Lingyin
name: Luo, Yunyang
name: Ma, Wenbo
name: Ma, Yugang
name: Mao, Yajun
name: Shaheed, Nasir
name: Meng, Yue
name: Ning, Xuyang
name: Qi, Ningchun
name: Qian, Zhicheng
name: Ren, Xiangxiang
name: Shang, Changsong
name: Shang, Xiaofeng
name: Shen, Guofang
name: Si, Lin
name: Sun, Wenliang
name: Tan, Andi
name: Tao, Yi
name: Wang, Anqing
name: Wang, Meng
name: Wang, Qiuhong
name: Wang, Shaobo
name: Wang, Siguang
name: Wang, Wei
name: Wang, Xiuli
name: Wang, Zhou
name: Wei, Yuehuan
name: Wu, Mengmeng
name: Wu, Weihao
name: Xia, Jingkai
name: Xiao, Mengjiao
name: Xiao, Xiang
name: Xie, Pengwei
name: Yan, Binbin
name: Yan, Xiyu
name: Yang, Jijun
name: Yang, Yong
name: Yu, Chunxu
name: Yuan, Jumin
name: Yuan, Ying
name: Zeng, Xinning
name: Zhang, Minzhen
name: Zhang, Peng
name: Zhang, Shibo
name: Zhang, Shu
name: Zhang, Tao
name: Zhang, Yuanyuan
name: Zhao, Li
name: Zheng, Qibin
name: Zhou, Jifang
name: Zhou, Ning
name: Zhou, Xiaopeng
name: Zhou, Yong
name: Zhou, Yubo
name: Ge, Shao-Feng
name: He, Xiao-Gang
name: Ma, Xiao-Dong
name: Sheng, Jie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a search on a sub-MeV fermionic dark matter absorbed by electrons with an outgoing active neutrino using the 0.63 tonne-year exposure collected by PandaX-4T liquid xenon experiment. No significant signals are observed over the expected background. The data are interpreted into limits to the effective couplings between such dark matter and electrons. For axial-vector or vector interactions, our sensitivity is competitive in comparison to existing astrophysical bounds on the decay of such dark matter into photon final states. In particular, we present the first direct detection limits for an axial-vector (vector) interaction which are the strongest in the mass range from 25 to 45 (35 to 50) keV/c$^2$.
Adversarial Torn-paper Codes
Creators: name: Bar-Lev, Daniella
name: Marcovich, Sagi
name: Yaakobi, Eitan
name: Yehezkeally, Yonatan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We study the adversarial torn-paper channel. This problem is motivated by applications in DNA data storage where the DNA strands that carry information may break into smaller pieces which are received out of order. Our model extends the previously researched probabilistic setting to the worst-case. We develop code constructions for any parameters of the channel for which non-vanishing asymptotic rate is possible and show our constructions achieve asymptotically optimal rate while allowing for efficient encoding and decoding. Finally, we extend our results to related settings included multi-strand storage, presence of substitution errors, or incomplete coverage.
description: Author submitted, peer-reviewed version
Influence of Process Stability and Part Positioning on Morphological Properties of Designed Materials Produced by Laser‐Based Powder Bed Fusion of Metals on a Multi‐Laser Machine
Creators: name: Albert, Johannes
name: Hermann, Oliver
name: Purschke, Simon
name: Rule, David
name: Fleck, Claudia
Publisher: name: Wiley
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::660 Chemische Verfahrenstechnik::660 Chemische Verfahrenstechnik
subject: additive manufacturing
subject: designed materials
subject: laser-based powder bed fusion of metals
subject: porous media
subject: repeatability

description: Porous structures made from high temperature superalloys are candidates for high‐efficiency cooling applications. In this kind of product, the repeatability of flow‐relevant elements is of high interest in multiple aspects—e.g., performance, component lifetime, and costs. Configurable open‐porous materials—addressed here as designed materials (DMs)—can be produced via laser‐based powder bed fusion of metals (PBF‐LB/M) by process parameter adaptions. With the high temperature superalloy Haynes 282 DM's manufacturability was previously demonstrated on a multi‐laser EOS M 400‐4 PBF‐LB/M machine. The influence of part positioning on the respective relative density of such structures and scatter were shown and tolerance equations developed. Hence, herein, the main objective is following up on the repeatability of morphological DM properties. Therefore, DM's mean pore diameter, mean strut diameter, and surface ratio are analyzed via microcomputed tomography (μCT). A positional scatter assessment is performed. Moreover, attention is paid to the repeatability of the investigated properties over different laser quadrants and build jobs. The identified scatter is utilized in the tolerance equations formulated in this research. Furthermore, potential correlations among the properties—relative density, mean pore diameter, mean strut diameter, and surface ratio—are examined.
Spectral and scattering theory for Gauss-Bonnet operators on perturbed topological crystals
Creators: name: Parra, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we investigate the spectral and the scattering theory of Gauss--Bonnet operators acting on perturbed periodic combinatorial graphs. Two types of perturbation are considered: either a multiplication operator by a short-range or a long-range potential, or a short-range type modification of the graph. For short-range perturbations, existence and completeness of local wave operators are proved. In addition, similar results are provided for the Laplacian acting on edges.
description: 24 pages
A Multi-purpose Realistic Haze Benchmark with Quantifiable Haze Levels and Ground Truth
Creators: name: Narayanan, Priya
name: Hu, Xin
name: Wu, Zhenyu
name: Thielke, Matthew D
name: Rogers, John G
name: Harrison, Andre V
name: D'Agostino, John A
name: Brown, James D
name: Quang, Long P
name: Uplinger, James R
name: Kwon, Heesung
name: Wang, Zhangyang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Imagery collected from outdoor visual environments is often degraded due to the presence of dense smoke or haze. A key challenge for research in scene understanding in these degraded visual environments (DVE) is the lack of representative benchmark datasets. These datasets are required to evaluate state-of-the-art vision algorithms (e.g., detection and tracking) in degraded settings. In this paper, we address some of these limitations by introducing the first realistic hazy image benchmark, from both aerial and ground view, with paired haze-free images, and in-situ haze density measurements. This dataset was produced in a controlled environment with professional smoke generating machines that covered the entire scene, and consists of images captured from the perspective of both an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) and an unmanned ground vehicle (UGV). We also evaluate a set of representative state-of-the-art dehazing approaches as well as object detectors on the dataset. The full dataset presented in this paper, including the ground truth object classification bounding boxes and haze density measurements, is provided for the community to evaluate their algorithms at: https://a2i2-archangel.vision. A subset of this dataset has been used for the ``Object Detection in Haze'' Track of CVPR UG2 2022 challenge at http://cvpr2022.ug2challenge.org/track1.html.
description: This paper has been ACCEPTED for publication as a REGULAR paper in the IEEE Transactions on Image Processing (TIP)
Semiconductor Spin Qubits
Creators: name: Burkard, Guido
name: Ladd, Thaddeus D.
name: Nichol, John M.
name: Pan, Andrew
name: Petta, Jason R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spin degree of freedom of an electron or a nucleus is one of the most basic properties of nature and functions as an excellent qubit, as it provides a natural two-level system that is insensitive to electric fields, leading to long quantum coherence times. We review the physics of semiconductor spin qubits, focusing not only on the early achievements of spin initialization, control, and readout in GaAs quantum dots, but also on recent advances in Si and Ge spin qubits, including improved charge control and readout, coupling to other quantum degrees of freedom, and scaling to larger system sizes. We begin by introducing the four major types of spin qubits: single spin qubits, donor spin qubits, singlet-triplet spin qubits, and exchange-only spin qubits. We then review the mesoscopic physics of quantum dots, including single-electron charging, valleys, and spin-orbit coupling. We next give a comprehensive overview of the physics of exchange interactions, a crucial resource for single- and two-qubit control in spin qubits. The bulk of this review is centered on the presentation of results from each major spin qubit type, the present limits of fidelity, and a brief overview of alternative spin qubit platforms. We then give a physical description of the impact of noise on semiconductor spin qubits, aided in large part by an introduction to the filter function formalism. Lastly, we review recent efforts to hybridize spin qubits with superconducting systems, including charge-photon coupling, spin-photon coupling, and long-range cavity-mediated spin-spin interactions. Cavity-based readout approaches are also discussed. This review is intended to give an appreciation for the future prospects of semiconductor spin qubits, while highlighting the key advances in mesoscopic physics over the past two decades that underlie the operation of modern quantum-dot and donor spin qubits.
description: Rev. Mod. Phys. - Corrections and comments welcome
The InfraRed Imaging Spectrograph (IRIS) for TMT: latest science cases and simulations
Creators: name: Wright, Shelley A.
name: Walth, Gregory
name: Do, Tuan
name: Marshall, Daniel
name: Larkin, James E.
name: Moore, Anna M.
name: Adamkovics, Mate
name: Andersen, David
name: Armus, Lee
name: Barth, Aaron
name: Cote, Patrick
name: Cooke, Jeff
name: Chisholm, Eric M.
name: Davidge, Timothy
name: Dunn, Jennifer S.
name: Dumas, Christophe
name: Ellerbroeck, Brent L.
name: Ghez, Andrea M.
name: Hao, Lei
name: Hayano, Yutaka
name: Liu, Michael
name: Lopez-Rodriguez, Enrique
name: Lu, Jessica R.
name: Mao, Shude
name: Marois, Christian
name: Pandey, Shashi B.
name: Philips, Andrew C.
name: Schoeck, Matthias
name: Subramaniam, Annapurni
name: Subramanian, Smitha
name: Suzuki, Ryuji
name: Tan, Jonathan C.
name: Terai, Tsuyoshi
name: Treu, Tommaso
name: Simard, Luc
name: Weiss, Jason L.
name: Wincensten, James
name: Wong, Michael
name: Zhang, Kai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Thirty Meter Telescope (TMT) first light instrument IRIS (Infrared Imaging Spectrograph) will complete its preliminary design phase in 2016. The IRIS instrument design includes a near-infrared (0.85 - 2.4 micron) integral field spectrograph (IFS) and imager that are able to conduct simultaneous diffraction-limited observations behind the advanced adaptive optics system NFIRAOS. The IRIS science cases have continued to be developed and new science studies have been investigated to aid in technical performance and design requirements. In this development phase, the IRIS science team has paid particular attention to the selection of filters, gratings, sensitivities of the entire system, and science cases that will benefit from the parallel mode of the IFS and imaging camera. We present new science cases for IRIS using the latest end-to-end data simulator on the following topics: Solar System bodies, the Galactic center, active galactic nuclei (AGN), and distant gravitationally-lensed galaxies. We then briefly discuss the necessity of an advanced data management system and data reduction pipeline.
description: 15 pages, 7 figures, SPIE (2016) 9909-05
Anomalous curvature evolution and geometric regularization of energy focusing in the snapping dynamics of a flexible body
Creators: name: Dehadrai, A. R.
name: Hanna, J. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the focusing of kinetic energy and the amplification of various quantities during the snapping motion of the free end of a flexible structure. This brief but violent event appears to be a regularized finite-time singularity, with remarkably large spikes in velocity, acceleration, and tension easily induced by generic initial and boundary conditions. A numerical scheme for the inextensible string equations is validated against available experimental data for a falling chain and further employed to explore the phenomenon. We determine that the discretization of the equations, equivalent to the physically discrete problem of a chain, does not provide the regularizing length scale, which in the absence of other physical effects must then arise from the geometry of the problem. An analytical solution for a geometrically singular limit, a falling perfectly-folded string, accounts surprisingly well for the scalings of several quantities in the numerics, but can only indirectly suggest a behavior for the curvature, one which seems to explain prior experimental data but does not correspond to the evolution of the curvature peak in our system, which instead displays a newly observed anomalously slow scaling. A simple model, incorporating only knowledge of the initial conditions along with the anomalous and singular-limit scalings, provides reasonable estimates for the amplifications of relevant quantities. This is a first step to predict and harness arbitrarily large energy focusing in structures, with a practical limit set only by length scales present in the discrete mechanical system or the initial conditions.
description: revised text and figures
„Murdochisierung“ der indischen Presse?
Creators: name: Schneider, Nadja-Christina
Publisher: name: Südasien
Year: 2022

description: Die beschleunigte Expansion transnational agierender Medienkonzerne hat in den 1990er Jahren in Indien, aber auch in anderen Staaten Süd- und Südostasiens zum Wiederaufleben der Debatte über den „kulturellen Imperialismus“ geführt. Während die forcierte rhetorische Abgrenzung vom Westen zu einer Neubetonung der Integrität einer asiatischen Kulturgemeinschaft geführt hat, stellten sich indische Medienunternehmen schnell auf die Gesetzmäßigkeiten der Medienglobalisierung ein und begannen selbst verstärkt über die Grenzen Indiens hinaus aktiv zu werden.
description: Südasien, Bd. 30 Nr. 1 (2010): Ist eine andere Welt noch möglich? - Globalisierung aus indischer Perspektive
Improvements, testing and development of the ADM-τ sub-grid surface tension model for two-phase LES
Creators: name: Aniszewski, Wojciech
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, a specific subgrid term occurring in Large Eddy Simulation (LES) of two-phase flows is investigated. This and other subgrid terms are presented, we subsequently elaborate on the existing models for those and re-formulate the ADM-τ model for sub-grid surface tension previously published by these authors. This paper presents a substantial, conceptual simplification over the original model version, accompanied by a decrease in its computational cost. At the same time, it addresses the issues the original model version faced, e.g. introduces non-isotropic applicability criteria based on resolved interface's principal curvature radii. Additionally, this paper introduces more throughout testing of the ADM-τ, in both simple and complex flows.
description: 26 figures, 33 pages
Robust Information Criterion for Model Selection in Sparse High-Dimensional Linear Regression Models
Creators: name: Gohain, Prakash B.
name: Jansson, Magnus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Model selection in linear regression models is a major challenge when dealing with high-dimensional data where the number of available measurements (sample size) is much smaller than the dimension of the parameter space. Traditional methods for model selection such as Akaike information criterion, Bayesian information criterion (BIC) and minimum description length are heavily prone to overfitting in the high-dimensional setting. In this regard, extended BIC (EBIC), which is an extended version of the original BIC and extended Fisher information criterion (EFIC), which is a combination of EBIC and Fisher information criterion, are consistent estimators of the true model as the number of measurements grows very large. However, EBIC is not consistent in high signal-to-noise-ratio (SNR) scenarios where the sample size is fixed and EFIC is not invariant to data scaling resulting in unstable behaviour. In this paper, we propose a new form of the EBIC criterion called EBIC-Robust, which is invariant to data scaling and consistent in both large sample size and high-SNR scenarios. Analytical proofs are presented to guarantee its consistency. Simulation results indicate that the performance of EBIC-Robust is quite superior to that of both EBIC and EFIC.
description: 13 pages
Entwicklungszusammenarbeit mit Indien
Creators: name: Kluve, Heike
Publisher: name: Südasien
Year: 2022

description: Das Wirtschaftswachstum Indiens ist seit den letzten Jahren permanent in den Schlagzeilen. Das Land gilt als aufstrebende Wirtschaftsmacht mit jährlichen Wachstumsraten von sieben bis neun Prozent, wird als deutscher Konkurrent bei der Produktion von Soltware, in Raumfahrt und Biotechnologie betrachtet und baut sogar die Atombombe. Da kann schon die Frage aufkommen, ob Indien eigentlich noch Entwicklungshilfe benötigt. Deutlich ist aber: Vom Wirtschaftswachstum sind große Teile der Bevölkerung völlig ausgeschlossen oder sinken in eine noch tiefere Armut ab.
description: Südasien, Bd. 30 Nr. 1 (2010): Ist eine andere Welt noch möglich? - Globalisierung aus indischer Perspektive
Coherent Qubit Measurement in Cavity-Transmon Quantum Systems
Creators: name: Porrati, Massimo
name: Putterman, Seth
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A measurement of the time between quantum jumps implies the capability to measure the next jump. During the time between jumps the quantum system is not evolving in a closed or unitary manner. While the wave function maintains phase coherence it evolves according to a non-Hermitian effective Hamiltonian. So under null measurement the timing of the next quantum jump can change by very many orders of magnitude when compared to rates obtained by multiplying lifetimes with occupation probabilities obtained via unitary transformation. The theory developed in 1987 for atomic fluorescence is here extended to transitions in transmon qubits. These systems differ from atoms in that they are read out with a harmonic cavity whose resonance is determined by the state of the qubit. We extend our analysis of atomic fluorescence to this infinite level system by treating the cavity as a quantum system. We find that next photon statistics is highly non exponential and when implemented will enable faster readout, such as on time scales shorter than the decay time of the cavity. Commonly used heterodyne measurements are applied on time scales longer than the cavity lifetime. The overlap between the next photon theory and the theory of heterodyne measurement which are described according to the Stochastic Schroedinger Equation is elucidated. In the limit of large dispersion the intrinsic error for next jump detection -- at short time -- tends to zero. Whereas for short time dyne detection the error remains finite for all values of dispersion.
description: 42 pages, 1 figure. To be published in Physical Review A
Cultivation of empathy through arts, literature and role play for postgraduate trainees of ophthalmology
Creators: name: Purvi Bhagat
name: Vijaykumar Rajput
name: Rupal Shah
name: Kinjal Trivedi
name: Wilhemina Asari
name: Ravija Kathiara
name: Prajapati, Kamini
name: Abhishek Chauhan
name: Neeharika Shah
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2023

description: Empathy is essential in patient-centered compassionate health care. Lack of formal training, workload, patient factors and digitalization have been attributed to its regression. Empathy is malleable and can be nurtured by educational interventions. A structured empathy training module for postgraduate trainees is not in place in India. The aim for this research was to develop, deliver and evaluate one such module for ophthalmology postgraduate trainees.
 This prospective interventional non comparative mixed methods study was conducted in the tertiary ophthalmology department of western India during 2022-23. Four workshops comprising of interactive lectures, literature, creative arts and role plays were delivered with trained facilitators. Data from surveys for faculty needs assessment, trainee self-assessment, patient perception of trainee empathy, pre-post knowledge test and trainee and facilitator feedback was collected and analysed.
 Seventy-nine trainees and thirty-two faculty participated in this intervention. In the faculty needs assessment, 97% of faculty agreed that empathy is a core clinical skill. Excessive workload, lack of training and self-centric digitalised lifestyle were shared as reasons for lack of empathy. Dedicated training was suggested by all trainees and faculty for improving empathy. Trainees showed improved knowledge, skills and attitude in empathy after the workshops. The facilitators and trainees were satisfied with the learning goals, execution, utility, feasibility, and relevance of the workshops. Ninety-three percent trainees want this module to be a part of postgraduate curriculum.
 This study substantiates the use of interactive workshop-based training for cultivating empathy in postgraduate trainees. Barriers against empathy were identified and can be lessened by curative measures. Literature, arts and role plays are effective education tools for empathy.
Religionen in Südasien XII: Swaminarayan-Hinduismus – regionale Reformsekte und transnationale Gemeinschaft
Creators: name: Reifenrath, Gabriele
Publisher: name: Südasien
Year: 2022

description: Die Religionsgemeinschaft der Swaminarayans, Anfang des 19. Jahrhunderts in Gujarat entstanden, ist im letzten Viertel des 20. Jahrhunderts rasant gewachsen. Abgesehen von großen Gemeinden in Gujarat, aber auch in Delhi und Mumbai, bestehen heute zahlreiche gut florierende Diasporagemeinden in vielen Ländern Afrikas, Nordamerikas und Europas. Die Anhängerschaft besteht nach wie vor nahezu exklusiv aus Gujarati- Hindus. Swaminarayan-Hinduismus ist daher einerseits globalisiert, andererseits eine ausgesprochen regional geprägte Form des Hinduismus. Religionsgeschichtlich stehen die Swaminarayans in der Stiftungstradition von „reformierten“ krishnaitischen Bhakti- Sekten Nordindiens, die seit dem 16. Jahrhundert n. Chr. dort zu verzeichnen sind. Die Stiftergestalt, ein Brahmane mit dem Mönchsnamen Sahajanand (1781-1830), zu Beginn noch als Inkarnation Krishnas angesehen, entwickelte sich bald selbst zur höchsten Gottheit Swaminarayan. Die von ihm angestrebte Reformagenda lässt Parallelen zu Ram Mohan Roy (1770 oder 1772-1833) und dem von ihm ausgehenden Neohinduismus des 19. Jahrhunderts erkennen.
description: Südasien, Bd. 30 Nr. 1 (2010): Ist eine andere Welt noch möglich? - Globalisierung aus indischer Perspektive
Three-dimensional network of Drosophila brain hemisphere
Creators: name: Mizutani, Ryuta
name: Saiga, Rino
name: Takeuchi, Akihisa
name: Uesugi, Kentaro
name: Suzuki, Yoshio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The first step to understanding brain function is to determine the brain's network structure. We report a three-dimensional analysis of the brain network of the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster by synchrotron-radiation tomographic microscopy. A skeletonized wire model of the left half of the brain network was built by tracing the three-dimensional distribution of X-ray absorption coefficients. The obtained models of neuronal processes were classified into groups on the basis of their three-dimensional structures. These classified groups correspond to neuronal tracts that send long-range projections or repeated structures of the optic lobe. The skeletonized model is also composed of neuronal processes that could not be classified into the groups. The distribution of these unclassified structures correlates with the distribution of contacts between neuronal processes. This suggests that neurons that cannot be classified into typical structures should play important roles in brain functions. The quantitative description of the brain network provides a basis for structural and statistical analyses of the Drosophila brain. The challenge is to establish a methodology for reconstructing the brain network in a higher-resolution image, leading to a comprehensive understanding of the brain structure.
description: 39 pages, 7 figures, 1 table
Covariance Representations, $L^p$-Poincaré Inequalities, Stein's Kernels and High Dimensional CLTs
Creators: name: Arras, Benjamin
name: Houdré, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 26D10, 35R11, 47D07, 60E07, 60F05

description: We explore connections between covariance representations, Bismut-type formulas and Stein's method. First, using the theory of closed symmetric forms, we derive covariance representations for several well-known probability measures on $\mathbb{R}^d$, $d \geq 1$. When strong gradient bounds are available, these covariance representations immediately lead to $L^p$-$L^q$ covariance estimates, for all $p \in (1, +\infty)$ and $q = p/(p-1)$. Then, we revisit the well-known $L^p$-Poincaré inequalities ($p \geq 2$) for the standard Gaussian probability measure on $\mathbb{R}^d$ based on a covariance representation. Moreover, for the nondegenerate symmetric $α$-stable case, $α\in (1,2)$, we obtain $L^p$-Poincaré and pseudo-Poincaré inequalities, for $p \in (1, α)$, via a detailed analysis of the various Bismut-type formulas at our disposal. Finally, using the construction of Stein's kernels by closed forms techniques, we obtain quantitative high-dimensional CLTs in $1$-Wasserstein distance when the limiting Gaussian probability measure is anisotropic. The dependence on the parameters is completely explicit and the rates of convergence are sharp.
description: 58 pages
Report on the methods and results of the communication campaign to stimulate reporting and participation in studies/registries and publication of analysis of communication methods (D5.6)
Creators: name: Stephens, Sally
name: Oliver, Alison
name: Kant, Agnes
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: This report covers the results from two pilot communication campaigns, one in the Netherlands and one in the UK, aiming to stimulate reporting to two pregnancy drug registers. Additionally, the report includes a landscape analysis of pharmacovigilance cases of exposure during pregnancy and the results of a survey among Teratology Information Services (TIS) to explore how they currently promote their services and encourage prospective pregnancy reporting, and whether they would appreciate support to improve this or create materials to assist in this process.
Size-dependent Failure Behavior of Lithium-Iron Phosphate Battery under Mechanical Abuse
Creators: name: Shukla, Vishesh
name: Mishra, Ashutosh
name: Sure, Jagadeesh
name: Ghosh, Subrata
name: Tewari, R. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Under mechanical abuse conditions, the failure of lithium-ion batteries occurs in various stages characterized by different force, temperature and voltage response which require it's in-situ measurements for analysis. Firstly, four sizes of commercially available lithium-iron phosphate batteries (LFPB) viz. 18650, 22650, 26650, and 32650 are subjected to quasi static lateral, longitudinal compression, and nail penetration tests. The failure, characterized by the voltage drop and temperature rise, at the onset of the first internal short-circuit (ISC), is identified by Aurdino-based voltage sensor module and temperature measurement module, respectively. The battery failure load and peak temperature at the onset of ISC are found to rely on the battery size strongly. The failure is observed to be delayed for small-sized 18650 batteries during lateral compression, unlike longitudinal compression and nail penetration test. At the onset of the short circuit, the temperature rise above the ambient value is different for different LFPBs. It is found to be maximum (64.4 degree C ) for LFPB 32650 under longitudinal compression and minimum (29.5 degree C) under lateral compression tests amongst the considered geometries. Further, LFPB 26650 exhibited a balanced thermal behavior during the considered abused condition. Such data can be sensed timely for effective thermal management and improved safety of lithium-ion batteries.
description: 15 pages, 6 Figures, 2 table
Local stress and elastic properties of lipid membranes obtained from elastic energy variation
Creators: name: Kalutsky, Maksim A.
name: Galimzyanov, Timur R.
name: Pinigin, Konstantin V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A theory and computational method are provided for the calculation of lipid membranes elastic parameters, which overcomes the difficulties of the existing approaches and can be applied not only to single-component but also to multi-component membranes. It is shown that the major elastic parameters can be determined as the derivatives of the stress-profile moments with respect to stretching. The more general assumption of the global incompressibility, instead of the local one, is employed, which allows the measurement of the local Poisson's ratio from the response of the stress profile to the isotropic ambient pressure. In the case of the local incompressibility and quadratic energy law, a direct relation between the bending modulus and Gaussian curvature modulus is established.
Deep Generation of Heterogeneous Networks
Creators: name: Ling, Chen
name: Yang, Carl
name: Zhao, Liang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Heterogeneous graphs are ubiquitous data structures that can inherently capture multi-type and multi-modal interactions between objects. In recent years, research on encoding heterogeneous graph into latent representations have enjoyed a rapid increase. However, its reverse process, namely how to construct heterogeneous graphs from underlying representations and distributions have not been well explored due to several challenges in 1) modeling the local heterogeneous semantic distribution; 2) preserving the graph-structured distributions over the local semantics; and 3) characterizing the global heterogeneous graph distributions. To address these challenges, we propose a novel framework for heterogeneous graph generation (HGEN) that jointly captures the semantic, structural, and global distributions of heterogeneous graphs. Specifically, we propose a heterogeneous walk generator that hierarchically generates meta-paths and their path instances. In addition, a novel heterogeneous graph assembler is developed that can sample and combine the generated meta-path instances (e.g., walks) into heterogeneous graphs in a stratified manner. Theoretical analysis on the preservation of heterogeneous graph patterns by the proposed generation process has been performed. Extensive experiments on multiple real-world and synthetic heterogeneous graph datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed HGEN in generating realistic heterogeneous graphs.
description: 10 pages, accepted by 2021 IEEE International Conference on Data Mining (ICDM). IEEE, 2021
Nonergodic delocalized paramagnetic states in quantum neural networks
Creators: name: Wu, Shuohang
name: Cai, Zi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Typically, it is assumed that a high-energy eigenstate of a generic interacting quantum many-body Hamiltonian is thermal and obeys the eigenstate thermalization hypothesis. In this work, we show that the paramagnetic phase of a quantum Hopfield neural network model is delocalized but nonergodic. The combination of permutational symmetry and frustration in this model organize its high-energy eigenstates into clusters, which can each be considered a large quantum spin and has no correlation with others. This model provides another ergodicity-breaking mechanism in quantum many-body systems.
description: 5 pages
Londoner Ansprüche und die Wirklichkeit
Creators: name: Ruttig, Thomas
Publisher: name: Südasien
Year: 2022

description: Von einer neuen Strategie ist weit und breit nichts zu sehen nach der Londoner Afghanistan- Konferenz. Das ist auch nicht überraschend, nachdem die Führungsmacht USA ihre Strategie schon im Dezember in Kraft gesetzt hat. Da können die Verbündeten nur mitziehen. In London sollte vor allem der Anschein geweckt werden, Afghanistans Präsident Hamed Karzai übernehme jetzt stärker „die Führung“ und der Einstieg in den Ausstieg könne beginnen.
description: Südasien, Bd. 30 Nr. 1 (2010): Ist eine andere Welt noch möglich? - Globalisierung aus indischer Perspektive
Tensor Recovery Based on A Novel Non-convex Function Minimax Logarithmic Concave Penalty Function
Creators: name: Zhang, Hongbing
name: Liu, Xinyi
name: Liu, Chang
name: Fan, Hongtao
name: Li, Yajing
name: Zhu, Xinyun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Non-convex relaxation methods have been widely used in tensor recovery problems, and compared with convex relaxation methods, can achieve better recovery results. In this paper, a new non-convex function, Minimax Logarithmic Concave Penalty (MLCP) function, is proposed, and some of its intrinsic properties are analyzed, among which it is interesting to find that the Logarithmic function is an upper bound of the MLCP function. The proposed function is generalized to tensor cases, yielding tensor MLCP and weighted tensor $Lγ$-norm. Consider that its explicit solution cannot be obtained when applying it directly to the tensor recovery problem. Therefore, the corresponding equivalence theorems to solve such problem are given, namely, tensor equivalent MLCP theorem and equivalent weighted tensor $Lγ$-norm theorem. In addition, we propose two EMLCP-based models for classic tensor recovery problems, namely low-rank tensor completion (LRTC) and tensor robust principal component analysis (TRPCA), and design proximal alternate linearization minimization (PALM) algorithms to solve them individually. Furthermore, based on the Kurdyka-Łojasiwicz property, it is proved that the solution sequence of the proposed algorithm has finite length and converges to the critical point globally. Finally, Extensive experiments show that proposed algorithm achieve good results, and it is confirmed that the MLCP function is indeed better than the Logarithmic function in the minimization problem, which is consistent with the analysis of theoretical properties.
description: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2201.12709, arXiv:2109.12257
Supersymmetric black holes and $T\bar T$ deformation
Creators: name: Manschot, Jan
name: Mondal, Swapnamay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The entropy of supersymmetric black holes in string theory compactifications can be related to that of a D- or M-brane system, which in many cases can be further reduced to a two-dimensional conformal field theory (CFT). For black holes in M-theory, this relation involves a decoupling limit where the black hole mass diverges. We suggest that moving away from this limit corresponds to a specific irrelevant perturbation of the CFT, namely the supersymmetric completion of the $T\bar T$ deformation. We demonstrate that the black hole mass matches precisely with the $T\bar T$ deformed energy levels, upon identifying the $T\bar T$ deformation parameter with the inverse of the leading term of the black hole mass. We discuss various implications for black holes and deformed CFT's, including a Hagedorn temperature for wrapped M5-branes, and potential change of degeneracies in the deformed theory.
description: v2: improved discussion
Von der Universalität der Menschenrechte oder Sri Lanka ist überall
Creators: name: Neelsen, John P.
Publisher: name: Südasien
Year: 2022

description: Mit der vernichtenden militärischen Niederlage des Tamil Resistance Movement (TRM) und der Enthauptung ihrer Guerilla-Organisation, der Befreiungstiger von Tamil Eelam (LTTE), durch die sri-lankische Armee im Mai 2009, scheint für die Regierungseliten weltweit ein wichtiger Kampf gewonnen, der Nachweis der Besiegbarkeit selbst einer der best ausgerüsteten „Terrororganisationen“ geführt.
description: Südasien, Bd. 30 Nr. 1 (2010): Ist eine andere Welt noch möglich? - Globalisierung aus indischer Perspektive
Total Neutron Cross-section Measurement on CH with a Novel 3D-projection Scintillator Detector
Creators: name: Agarwal, A.
name: Budd, H.
name: Capo, J.
name: Chaves, J.
name: Chong, P.
name: Christodoulou, G.
name: Danilov, M.
name: Dergacheva, A.
name: De Roeck, A.
name: Dokania, N.
name: Douqa, D.
name: Dugas, K.
name: Fedotov, S.
name: Gwon, S.
name: Howell, R.
name: Iwamoto, K.
name: Jesus-Valls, C.
name: Jung, C. K.
name: Kasetti, S. P.
name: Khabibullin, M.
name: Khotjantsev, A.
name: Kikawa, T.
name: Kose, U.
name: Kudenko, Y.
name: Kuribayashi, S.
name: Kutter, T.
name: Last, D.
name: Lin, S.
name: Lux, T.
name: Manly, S.
name: Caicedo, D. A. Martinez
name: Martynenko, S.
name: Matsubara, T.
name: Mauger, C.
name: McFarland, K.
name: McGrew, C.
name: Mefodiev, A.
name: Mineev, O.
name: Nakadaira, T.
name: Noah, E.
name: Olivier, A.
name: Paolone, V.
name: Palestini, S.
name: Paul-Torres, A.
name: Ramirez, M. A.
name: Riccio, C.
name: Rondon, J. Rodriguez
name: Sanchez, F.
name: Sgalaberna, D.
name: Shorrock, W.
name: Sitraka, A.
name: Siyeon, K.
name: Skrobova, N.
name: Suvorov, S.
name: Teklu, A.
name: Tzanov, M.
name: Uchida, Y.
name: Wret, C.
name: Yang, G.
name: Yershov, N.
name: Yokoyama, M.
name: Zilberman, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In order to extract neutrino oscillation parameters, precision long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiments rely on detailed models of neutrino interactions with nuclei. These models constitute an important source of systematic uncertainty, partially because detectors to date have been blind to final state neutrons. Three-dimensional projection scintillator trackers comprise components of the near detectors of the next generation long-baseline neutrino experiments. Due to the good timing resolution and fine granularity, this technology is capable of measuring neutron kinetic energy in neutrino interactions on an event-by-event basis and will provide valuable data for refining neutrino interaction models and ways to reconstruct neutrino energy. Two prototypes have been exposed to the neutron beamline at Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) in both 2019 and 2020, with neutron energies between 0 and 800 MeV. In order to demonstrate the capability of neutron detection, the total neutron-scintillator cross section is measured and compared to external measurements. The measured total neutron cross section in scintillator between 98 and 688 MeV is 0.36 $\pm$ 0.05 barn.
Report on E-learning training programme and accreditation plus sustainability (D5.7)
Creators: name: Cleary, Brian
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: This report describes the e-learning training programme, plan for accreditation, and the sustainability. This e-learning was designed for the purpose of training healthcare professionals (HCPs) about teratology and long-term outcomes of drug exposure during pregnancy, and methods of evidence generation and how they can translate this into effective messages for women and their families on drug use during pregnancy and breastfeeding.
Micro-Doppler Frequency Comb Generation by Axially Rotating Scatterers
Creators: name: Kozlov, Vitali
name: Filonov, Dmitrii
name: Yankelevich, Yefim
name: Ginzburg, Pavel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electromagnetic scattering in accelerating reference frames inspires a variety of phenomena, requiring employment of general relativity for their description. While the quasi-stationary field analysis could be applied to slowly-accelerating bodies as a first-order approximation, the scattering problem remains fundamentally nonlinear in boundary conditions, giving rise to multiple frequency generation (micro-Doppler shifts). Here a frequency comb, generated by an axially rotating subwavelength (cm-range) wire and split ring resonator (SRR), is analyzed theoretically and observed experimentally by illuminating the system with a 2GHz carrier wave. Highly accurate lock in detection scheme enables factorization of the carrier and observation of more than ten peaks in a comb. The Hallen integral equation is employed for deriving the currents induced on the scatterer at rest and a set of coordinate transformations, connecting laboratory and rotating frames, is applied in order to predict the spectral positions and amplitudes of the frequency comb peaks. Unique spectral signature of micro-Doppler shifts could enable resolving an internal structure of the scatterers and mapping their accelerations in space, which is valuable for a variety of applications spanning from targets identification to stellar radiometry.
X-ray microtomography in biology
Creators: name: Mizutani, Ryuta
name: Suzuki, Yoshio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Progress in high-resolution x-ray microtomography has provided us with a practical approach to determining three-dimensional (3D) structures of opaque samples at micrometer to submicrometer resolution. In this review, we give an introduction to hard x-ray microtomography and its application to the visualization of 3D structures of biological soft tissues. Practical aspects of sample preparation, handling, data collection, 3D reconstruction, and structure analysis are described. Furthermore, different sample contrasting methods are approached in detail. Examples of microtomographic studies are overviewed to present an outline of biological applications of x-ray microtomography. We also provide perspectives of biological microtomography as the convergence of sciences in x-ray optics, biology, and structural analysis.
description: 55 pages, 8 figures, 84 references
Lebenszeichen
Creators: name: Thienhaus, Julia
Publisher: name: Südasien
Year: 2022

description: Ein Augenzeugenbericht einer Bonner Studentin der Asienwissenschaften zur Bombenexplosion in der “German Bakery” in Pune (Maharashtra) am 13. Februar 2010 (E-Mail vom 15. Februar 2010).
description: Südasien, Bd. 30 Nr. 1 (2010): Ist eine andere Welt noch möglich? - Globalisierung aus indischer Perspektive
Drache und der Elefant
Creators: name: Imhasly, Bernard
Publisher: name: Südasien
Year: 2022

description: Die Welt mag von einer China-Obsession angesteckt sein, in Indien ist Sinophobie eine alte Krankheit. Auch bei ihr werden wirtschaftliche Erreger ausgemacht, aber ihnen sind schwere geopolitische Ängste unterlegt – Einkreisung, Infiltration, territoriale Bedrohung. Der Himalaya ist mehr als eine physische Grenze, und an ihm stauen sich, auf beiden Seiten, ähnlich hohe Vorurteile. Trotz einer direkten Nachbarschaft über nahezu 2000 Kilometer gibt es keine einzige offene Straßenverbindung. Die regelmäßigste Flugverbindung zwischen Delhi und Beijing wird von Ethiopian Airlines wahrgenommen und dies bei einem jährlichen Handelsverkehr von über 30 Milliarden Dollar.
description: Südasien, Bd. 30 Nr. 1 (2010): Ist eine andere Welt noch möglich? - Globalisierung aus indischer Perspektive