cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
SEMI-FND: Stacked Ensemble Based Multimodal Inference For Faster Fake News Detection
Creators: name: Singh, Prabhav
name: Srivastava, Ridam
name: Rana, K. P. S.
name: Kumar, Vineet
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Fake News Detection (FND) is an essential field in natural language processing that aims to identify and check the truthfulness of major claims in a news article to decide the news veracity. FND finds its uses in preventing social, political and national damage caused due to misrepresentation of facts which may harm a certain section of society. Further, with the explosive rise in fake news dissemination over social media, including images and text, it has become imperative to identify fake news faster and more accurately. To solve this problem, this work investigates a novel multimodal stacked ensemble-based approach (SEMIFND) to fake news detection. Focus is also kept on ensuring faster performance with fewer parameters. Moreover, to improve multimodal performance, a deep unimodal analysis is done on the image modality to identify NasNet Mobile as the most appropriate model for the task. For text, an ensemble of BERT and ELECTRA is used. The approach was evaluated on two datasets: Twitter MediaEval and Weibo Corpus. The suggested framework offered accuracies of 85.80% and 86.83% on the Twitter and Weibo datasets respectively. These reported metrics are found to be superior when compared to similar recent works. Further, we also report a reduction in the number of parameters used in training when compared to recent relevant works. SEMI-FND offers an overall parameter reduction of at least 20% with unimodal parametric reduction on text being 60%. Therefore, based on the investigations presented, it is concluded that the application of a stacked ensembling significantly improves FND over other approaches while also improving speed.
The effect of antisite disorder on magnetic and exchange bias properties of Gd-substituted Y$_2$CoMnO$_6$ double perovskite
Creators: name: Khan, Anasua
name: Rajput, Sarita
name: Anas, M.
name: Malik, V. K.
name: Maitra, T.
name: Nath, T. K
name: Taraphder, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Combining experimental investigations and first-principles DFT calculations, we report physical and magnetic properties of Gd-substituted Y$_2$CoMnO$_6$ double perovskite, which are strongly influenced by antisite-disorder-driven spin configurations. On Gd doping, Co and Mn ions are present in mixed-valence (Co$^{3+}$, Co$^{2+}$, Mn$^{3+}$ and Mn$^{4+}$) states. Multiple magnetic transitions have been observed: i) paramagnetic to ferromagnetic transition is found to occur at \textit{T}$_C$=95.5 K, ii) antiferromagnetic transition at \textit{T}$_N$=47 K is driven by $3d-4f$ polarisation and antisite disorder present in the sample, iii) change in magnetization below \textit{T}$\leq$20 K, primarily originating from Gd ordering, as revealed from our DFT calculations. AC susceptibility measurement confirms the absence of any spin-glass or cluster-glass phases in this material. A significantly large exchange bias effect (\textit{H}$_{EB}$=1.07 kOe) is found to occur below 47 K due to interfaces of FM and AFM clusters created by antisite-disorder.
description: 19 pages, 12 figures
title: Assembly line balancing during a pandemic crisis
Creators: name: Findeisen, Nina Monika
Year: 2021

description: Diese Arbeit untersucht das Assembly Line Balancing Problem mit kollaborativen Robotern (Cobots) vor dem Hintergrund der Corona-Pandemie. Eine bestehende Montagelinie mit manuellen Stationen wird unter Berücksichtigung von Sicherheitsabständen sowie Kurzarbeit und Montagelinien-Erweiterung neu konfiguriert. Erforderliche Sicherheitsabstände zwischen Arbeitern werden berücksichtigt, indem die kostenminimierende Kombination von Kurzarbeitern und zusätzlichen Stationen gefunden wird, die die Anzahl der Arbeiter pro Station auf eins reduziert. Es wird eine gemischt-ganzzahlige quadratische Programmierformulierung (mixed-integer quadratic programming formulation) für die Planung von Montagelinien mit kollaborativen Robotern und Sicherheitsabständen entwickelt. Das Modell entscheidet über die Anzahl an Stationen im System, die Anzahl an Arbeitern in Kurzarbeit, die Zuordnung von Arbeitern und Robotern zu den einzelnen Stationen sowie die Verteilung der Arbeitsschritte auf die Ressourcen. Ziel ist es, die Gesamtkosten der Produktionslinie zu minimieren, welche aus Löhnen für reguläre Arbeiter, reduzierten Löhnen für Kurzarbeiter und Kosten für die Erweiterung der Montagelinie um neue Stationen bestehen. Zudem wird eine rechnerische Untersuchung mit Hilfe eines Simplex-Optimierers durchgeführt. Die Ergebnisse deuten darauf hin, dass das Modell Entscheidungsträgern in Pandemie-Zeiten sinnvolle Unterstützung bei der Planung von Montagelinien bieten kann. Darüber hinaus zeigen sie, dass durch den Einsatz von kollaborativen Robotern erhebliche Produktivitäts-, Sicherheits- und Kostenvorteile erzielt werden können.
description: This work investigates the assembly line balancing problem with collaborative robots against the background of the corona pandemic. An existing assembly line with manual workstations is reconfigured taking into account physical distancing constraints as well as short-time work and assembly line extension. Physical distancing constraints between workers are considered by finding the cost minimizing combination of short-time workers and additional stations that reduces the number of workers per station to one. A mixed-integer quadratic programming formulation for balancing and scheduling of assembly lines with collaborative robots and physical distancing constraints is developed. The model decides on the number of stations in the line, the number of workers in short-time work, the assignment of workers and robots to stations, and the distribution of workload to resources. The objective is to minimize the total costs of the production line including wages for regular workers, reduced wages for short-time workers, and costs for adding new stations to the line. Additionally, a computational study using a simplex optimizer is conducted. The results indicate that the model can provide useful support for decision makers during a pandemic crisis. Moreover, they show that the deployment of cobots can generate significant gains in terms of productivity, safety and cost efficiency.
title: Der Ruf in die Nachfolge bei Elisa und seine Rezeption im Matthäusevangelium und in der rabbinischen Literatur
Creators: name: Dopplinger, Benedict
Year: 2021

description: Die Berufung des Elisa ist innerhalb der Hebräischen Bibel singulär. Zwar gibt es weitere Lehrer-Schüler-Beziehungen, bei denen der Dienst am Vorbild betont wird, doch gibt es keine Beispiele für Nachfolgeaufrufe mit Sukzession. Im Neuen Testament wird dieses Narrativ prominent bei den Berufungen der Jünger rezipiert und im Horizont des anbrechenden Himmelreiches verschärft. Jesus fordert unmittelbaren Gehorsam und duldet keinen Aufschub. In der rabbinischen Literatur werden die Begriffe der Berufung des Elisa konstitutiv, um das Lehrer-Schüler-Verhältnis zu beschreiben. Doch im Unterschied zur Nachfolge ins Prophetenamt ist das große Ziel von Dienst und Nachfolge das Erlernen göttlicher Thora. Statt in die Nachfolge gerufen zu werden, suchen sich die meisten Jünger selbst- ständig Lehrer. Die Idee einer Berufung in die Nachfolge ist ähnlich singular wie in der Hebräischen Bibel und findet sich nur in der schelmenhaften Erzählung der Berufung des Resh Lakish durch Rabbi Yochanan.
VERSION 1 - The Equality Diversity and Inclusion cards
Creators: name: Craigon, Peter
name: Fisher, Oliver
name: Fearnshaw, Debra
name: Hadfield-Hudson, Emma
name: Watson, Nicholas
name: Sharples, Sarah
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 160511 Research, Science and Technology Policy
subject: FOS: Political science

description: The objective of this project was to develop and initially test a prototype card-based tool to engage researchers with EDI in relation to their project and more widely. The tool was intended to be pragmatic in nature in relation to the researchers work and address four different levels of engagement. These were: raising awareness, providing knowledge, improving skills and enabling reflection in researchers with regards EDI in their work.
 The resulting prototype deck is intended to be a work in progress which could be further refined through ongoing testing and development informed by initial prototype and pilot stage.
 This work was supported by the Connected Everything II digital manufacturign network and the Future Food Beacon of Excellence at the University of Nottingham.
title: Internationale steuerliche Problemstellungen und Haftungsgrundlagen bei der Durchführung einer Tax Due Diligence innerhalb des Transfer Pricings
Creators: name: Kühne, Jasmin
Year: 2021

description: Die vorliegende Masterthesis behandelt die Thematik der internationalen steuerlichen Problemstellungen und Haftungsgrundlagen bei der Durchführung einer Tax Due Dili-gence innerhalb des Transfer Pricings (Verrechnungspreise). Die Arbeit ist in drei Abschnitte untergliedert. Somit bilden die Kapitel eins bis vier den Allgemeinen Teil der Arbeit, in Kapitel fünf bis sieben erfolgt die erste Spezifikation der Verrechnungspreise innerhalb eines M&A Prozesses und einer Tax Due Diligence Durchführung. Abschnitt drei besteht aus den Kapiteln acht und neun, welche die Frage des Finanzstrafrecht, der steuerlichen Haftungsgrundlagen und der steuerlichen Ver-tragsgestaltung und Steuerklassen innerhalb einer Tax Due Diligence beinhalten. Beginnend mit der Einführung der Verrechnungspreise und welche Konsequenzen aus diesen resultieren über angewandte Methoden bis hin zu gesetzlichen Rahmenbedin-gungen, z.B. die rechtliche Einordnung der Verrechnungspreise auf internationaler und nationaler Ebene. Ein besonderes Augenmerkmal wird dabei auf das internationale Steuerrecht gelegt. Mit Hilfe des Abkommensrecht und dem OECD – Musterabkommen soll eine klare Darstellung der rechtlichen Einordnung der Thematik möglich sein. Zu-dem werden die in der Praxis gängige Konflikte, deren Prävention und der damit einher-gehende Rechtschutz genauer erläutert. Die Spezifizierung in Kapitel fünf soll die Rolle der Verrechnungspreise innerhalb einer M&A Transaktion darlegen. Im Anschluss, in Kapitel sechs, erfolgt eine weitere Spezifi-kation, welche die Verrechnungspreise bei einer Due Diligence Prüfung genauer erläu-tert. Es soll unteranderem verifiziert werden, wann eine konzerninterne Transaktion geprüft werden muss und was die „Red Flegs“ damit zu tun haben. Auch eine Bewer-tung der Fremdüblichkeit der Vergütung und die Verrechnungspolitik sollen Bestandteil des Kapitels sein. Die speziellen Themen der Verrechnungspreise bei M&A Transakti-onspreisen sind im siebten Kapitel zu finden. Dieses Kapitel soll die steuerlichen Prob-lematiken des konzerninternen Ablaufs bzgl. der Finanzierung und Dienstleistungen aufzeigen. Der letzte Anschnitt besteht aus den Kapiteln acht und neun, welche den Schwerpunkt auf das Finanzstrafrecht und die steuerlichen Haftungsgrundlagen im Rahmen einer Tax Due Diligence darlegen. Die steuerlichen Aspekte der Vertragsge-staltung und Steuerklassen bei der der Durchführung einer Tax Due Diligece wird im neunten Kapitel behandelt. In diesem werden auf die gesetzlichen Haftungsregime und auf die Einzelheiten der Steuerklassen aufmerksam gemacht.
Discriminative Feature Learning through Feature Distance Loss
Creators: name: Schlagenhauf, Tobias
name: Lin, Yiwen
name: Noack, Benjamin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Ensembles of Convolutional neural networks have shown remarkable results in learning discriminative semantic features for image classification tasks. Though, the models in the ensemble often concentrate on similar regions in images. This work proposes a novel method that forces a set of base models to learn different features for a classification task. These models are combined in an ensemble to make a collective classification. The key finding is that by forcing the models to concentrate on different features, the classification accuracy is increased. To learn different feature concepts, a so-called feature distance loss is implemented on the feature maps. The experiments on benchmark convolutional neural networks (VGG16, ResNet, AlexNet), popular datasets (Cifar10, Cifar100, miniImageNet, NEU, BSD, TEX), and different training samples (3, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100 per class) show the effectiveness of the proposed feature loss. The proposed method outperforms classical ensemble versions of the base models. The Class Activation Maps explicitly prove the ability to learn different feature concepts. The code is available at: https://github.com/2Obe/Feature-Distance-Loss.git
VERSION 1 - The Equality Diversity and Inclusion cards
Creators: name: Craigon, Peter
name: Fisher, Oliver
name: Fearnshaw, Debra
name: Hadfield-Hudson, Emma
name: Watson, Nicholas
name: Sharples, Sarah
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 160511 Research, Science and Technology Policy
subject: FOS: Political science

description: The objective of this project was to develop and initially test a prototype card-based tool to engage researchers with EDI in relation to their project and more widely. The tool was intended to be pragmatic in nature in relation to the researchers work and address four different levels of engagement. These were: raising awareness, providing knowledge, improving skills and enabling reflection in researchers with regards EDI in their work.
 The resulting prototype deck is intended to be a work in progress which could be further refined through ongoing testing and development informed by initial prototype and pilot stage.
 This work was supported by the Connected Everything II digital manufacturign network and the Future Food Beacon of Excellence at the University of Nottingham.
 Images sourced from pixabay.com
 CC BY-NC
Como entender la diversidad en los excluidos y estigmatizados. Una propuesta dirigida a docentes.
Creators: name: LEAL DURANGO, FERNANDO
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 390407
subject: Inclusive education

description: La presente propuesta de intervención, se ubica en el área de innovación y educación. El problema planteado se encuentra relacionado con la exclusión y estigmatización presente en las instituciones educativas de Colombia, en este caso específico en la I.E San Roberto Belarmino, afectando a una parte de la población estudiantil. Por lo cual, se proyecta como objetivo general, cambiar los paradigmas de los docentes en lo referente al trato inclusivo que debe darse a los alumnos en general, sin que susciten preferencias que benefician a un pequeño grupo mientras otros son tratados con inferioridad afectando directamente sus derechos humanos. En el proyecto se utiliza el método hermenéutico dialectico, por permitir la interpretación y explicación del fenómeno estudiado el cual admite además, aplicar los resultados en la práctica social y educativa, por otra parte, se maneja el método etnográfico y heurístico por que estudia de manera sistemática la cultura de los diferentes grupos sociales, todo lo cual es guiado por el enfoque cualitativo, por conducir a la comprensión de la actuación humana en diferentes contextos, se aplicó además, la investigación acción participativa. Para lograr el estudio sobre los paradigmas de los docentes, sobre la inclusión, para minimizar las brechas excluyentes en las aulas escolares. El marco teórico lo constituyeron los postulados de autores como Barreto (2010), Blanco Guijarro (2010), Cifuentes y Caldas (2018), Arnaiz (2015), Mateo (2018), UNESCO (2015), entre otros. Se espera como resultado, que lo docentes se sensibilicen con respecto a la inclusión para beneficiar a todos los estudiantes de la I.E San Roberto Belarmino. Como conclusión se determinó que la exclusión y estigmatización viene dada mayormente por parte de los docentes en los ambientes escolares donde muestran inclinación solo por un grupo de estudiantes.
Summation of rational series twisted by strongly B-multiplicative coefficients
Creators: name: Allouche, Jean-Paul
name: Sondow, Jonathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11A63, 11B83, 11B85, 68R15, 05A19

description: We evaluate in closed form series of the type $\sum u(n) R(n)$, where $(u(n))_n$ is a strongly $B$-multiplicative sequence and $R(n)$ a (well-chosen) rational function. A typical example is: $$ \sum_{n \geq 1} (-1)^{s_2(n)} \frac{4n+1}{2n(2n+1)(2n+2)} = -\frac{1}{4} $$ where $s_2(n)$ is the sum of the binary digits of the integer $n$. Furthermore closed formulas for series involving automatic sequences that are not strongly $B$-multiplicative, such as the regular paperfolding and Golay-Shapiro-Rudin sequences, are obtained; for example, for integer $d \geq 0$: $$ \sum_{n \geq 0} \frac{v(n)}{(n+1)^{2d+1}} = \frac{π^{2d+1} |E_{2d}|}{(2^{2d+2}-2)(2d)!} $$ where $(v(n))_n$ is the $\pm 1$ regular paperfolding sequence and $E_{2d}$ is an Euler number.
description: Typo in a crossreference corrected in Example 9, page 6. Remark added top of Page 9 about the relation between paperfolding and the Jacobi-Kronecker symbol
Dimensional reduction of BPS attractors in AdS gauged supergravities
Creators: name: Hristov, Kiril
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We relate across dimensions BPS attractors of black strings and black holes of various topology in gauged supergravities with nontrivial scalar potential. The attractors are of the form AdS$_{2, 3} \times Σ^{2, 3}$ in 4, 5, and 6 dimensions, and can be generalized to some higher dimensional analogs. Even though the attractor geometries admit standard Kaluza-Klein and Scherk-Schwarz reductions, their asymptotic AdS spaces in general do not. The resulting lower dimensional objects are black holes with runaway asymptotics in supergravity theories with no maximally symmetric vacua. Such classes of solutions are already known to exist in literature, and results here suggest an interpretation in terms of their higher-dimensional origin that often has a full string theory embedding. In a particular relevant example, the relation between 5d Benini-Bobev black strings arXiv:1302.4451 and a class of 4d Cacciatori-Klemm black holes arXiv:0911.4926 is worked out in full detail, providing a type IIB and dual field theory description of the latter solutions. As a consistency check, the Cardy formula for the field theory is shown to match the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy for horizon topology of any genus.
description: 17 pages; v2: references added; v3: section 3.4 added, published version
Observations of $λ/4$ structure in a low-loss radiofrequency-dressed optical lattice
Creators: name: Lundblad, N.
name: Ansari, S.
name: Guo, Y.
name: Moan, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We load a Bose-Einstein condensate into a one-dimensional (1D) optical lattice altered through the use of radiofrequency (rf) dressing. The rf resonantly couples the three levels of the $^{87}$Rb $F=1$ manifold and combines with a spin-dependent "bare" optical lattice to result in adiabatic potentials of variable shape, depth, and spatial frequency content. We choose dressing parameters such that the altered lattice is stable over lifetimes exceeding tens of ms at higher depths than in previous work. We observe significant differences between the BEC momentum distributions of the dressed lattice as compared to the bare lattice, and find general agreement with a 1D band structure calculation informed by the dressing parameters. Previous work using such lattices was limited by very shallow dressed lattices and strong Landau-Zener tunnelling loss between adiabatic potentials, equivalent to failure of the adiabatic criterion. In this work we operate with significantly stronger rf coupling (increasing the avoided-crossing gap between adiabatic potentials), observing dressed lifetimes of interest for optical lattice-based analogue solid-state physics.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Artificial intelligence reconstructs global temperature from scarce local data
Creators: name: Wegmann, Martin
name: Jaume-Santero, Fernando
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: climate
machine learning
reconstruction

description: Poster for the Bernese Data Science Day 2022 showing results from Wegmann & Jaume-Santero 2023

 

Wegmann, M. & Jaume-Santero, F. (2023). Artificial intelligence achieves easy-to-adapt nonlinear global temperature reconstructions using minimal local data. Communications Earth & Environment 4, 217.
Hadroproduction of t anti-t pair with two isolated photons with PowHel
Creators: name: Kardos, Adam
name: Trócsányi, Zoltán
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We simulate the hadroproduction of a t anti-t pair in association with two isolated hard photons at 13 TeV LHC using the PowHel package. We use the generated events, stored according to the Les-Houches event format, to make predictions for differential distributions formally at the next-to-leading order (NLO) accuracy. We present predictions at the hadron level employing the cone-type isolation of the photons used by experiments. We also compare the kinematic distributions to the same distributions obtained in the t anti-t H final state when the Higgs-boson decays into a photon pair, to which the process discussed here is an irreducible background.
description: 18 pages, 11 figures, minor changes, version submitted for publication
title: Die „mazedonische Frage“ und die Herausbildung eines mazedonischen nationalen Bewusstseins zwischen 1850 und 1920
Creators: name: Oreskovic, Talita
Year: 2021

description: Diese Arbeit untersucht diachronisch die Entstehung und Entwicklung der mazedonischen Frage unter dem Aspekt der Herausbildung eines mazedonischen nationalen Bewusstseins. Das Quellenkorpus bilden neben der vorhandenen Literatur Telegramme österreich-ungarischer Diplomaten sowie Zeitungsberichte, die im Wiener Haus-, Hof- und Staatsarchiv vorliegen. Das Erkenntnisinteresse fokussiert sich außerdem diskursanalytisch auf die Herausbildung des mazedonischen Nationalbewusstseins im Rahmen der mazedonischen Frage und zeigt somit die unterschiedlichen Ansätze im Umgang mit dieser Thematik. Die Diskussionsstränge nehmen vor allem Bezug auf die Einflussnahme Bulgariens, Griechenlands, Serbiens sowie auch der Großmächte in dieser Region und dessen Auswirkungen auf den Prozess der Entwicklung eines mazedonischen nationalen Bewusstseins.
description: This thesis relates diachronically to the arise and development of the Macedonian question from the vantage point of the formation of a Macedonian national consciousness. The source corpus is constituted by telegrams from Austro-Hungarian diplomats as well as newspaper reports stored in the Viennese Haus-, Hof- und Staatsarchiv. The interest in scientific discovery is based on the development of the Macedonian national consciousness in the context of the Macedonian question and thus shows the different approaches in enlightening this topic. The main discourse strands refer primarily to the influence of Bulgaria, Greece, Serbia and also the Great powers on this territory and the view on the process of developing a Macedonian national consciousness.
Shapes of non-Gaussianity in warm inflation
Creators: name: Mirbabayi, Mehrdad
name: Gruzinov, Andrei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Sphaleron heating has been recently proposed as a mechanism to realize warm inflation when inflaton is an axion coupled to pure Yang-Mills. As a result of heating, there is a friction coefficient $γ\propto T^3$ in the equation of motion for the inflaton, and a thermal contribution to cosmological fluctuations. Without the knowledge of the inflaton potential, non-Gaussianity is the most promising way of searching for the signatures of this model. Building on an earlier work by Bastero-Gil, Berera, Moss and Ramos, we compute the scalar three-point correlation function and point out some distinct features in the squeezed and folded limits. As a detection strategy, we show that the combination of the equilateral template and one new template has a large overlap with the shape of non-Gaussianity over the range $0.01 \leqγ/H\leq 1000$, and in this range $0.7 <|f_{\rm NL}| < 50$.
description: v2: JCAP version, 35 pages, 9 figures, extra refs and comments with respect to v1
Defining a critical temperature of a crossover from BEC to the normal phase in anisotropic quantum magnets
Creators: name: Rakhimov, Abdulla
name: Khudoyberdiev, Asliddin
name: Narzikulov, Zabardast
name: Tanatar, Bilal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We address the problem of identifying the critical temperature in a crossover from the Bose-Einstein condensed (BEC) phase to the normal phase. For this purpose we study the temperature dependence of magnetization of spin-gapped quantum magnets described by BEC of triplons. We have calculated the heat capacity $C_H$ at constant field and fluctuations in magnetization in a spin-gapped quantum magnet using the Hartree-Fock-Bogouliubov approximation and found optimized parameters of the Hamiltonian of triplon gas. In the region of phase transition, the heat capacity $C_H$ is smeared out due to the Dzyaloshinsky-Moriya (DM) interaction. The sharp maximum of the fluctuations in the magnetization is identified as the critical temperature of the crossover.
description: 17 pages, 6 figures
title: Home-Office als Arbeitsform
Creators: name: Dogan, Günes
Year: 2021

description: In den letzten Jahren haben sich durch verschiedene Faktoren wie die Digitalisierung und Liberalisierung des Welthandels erhebliche Fortschritte in den Abläufen der Arbeitsstrategien entwickelt. Ein besonders hohes Interesse besteht an der modernen Arbeitsform „Home-Office“, welches sich durch die aktuelle Coronavirus-Pandemie zusätzlich erweitert hat. Während diese Arbeitsform augenblicklich eine priorisierte Maßnahme zur Eindämmung der Pandemie ist, führte das auch, insbesondere durch die Schließung von Schulen und Betreuungseinrichtungen, zu einer starken Verbreitung der Tätigkeit im Home-Office. Hintergrund, ein mögliches Recht auf Home-Office zu untersuchen ist, dass die neue Arbeitsform dem Arbeitnehmer zur Selbstbestimmung und Selbstverwirklichung seiner Tätigkeit verhelfen kann. Problematisch ist, dass das geltende Arbeitsrecht nicht kompatibel mit den modernen Arbeitsstrukturen ist und bestehende arbeitsrechtliche Ansprüche sich auf das klassische Normalarbeitsverhältnis erstrecken. Im Folgenden wird die Rechtsordnung im europäischen Arbeitsrecht untersucht, um die Probleme herauszuarbeiten, die einer Einführung einer unionsweiten „Home-Office Verordnung“ entgegenstehen. Die Darstellung orientiert sich zum einen an den Rechten der Arbeitnehmer innerhalb der Europäischen Union und zum anderen an Entscheidungen des EuGHs und den daraus erstandenen Folgen. Die Niederlande ist der einzige Mitgliedstaat, der ein Recht auf Home-Office eingeführt hat. Im Zuge dieser Thesis wird geprüft, ob auch in Deutschland ein solcher Rechtsanspruch durchsetzbar wäre. Welche Erschwernisse mit den Vorgaben des Datenschutzes im Home-Office einhergehen, runden die Arbeit ab.
title: Die Figur des Dritten – Dreiecksbeziehungen in der Literatur des Mittelalters
Creators: name: Klein, Jacqueline
Year: 2021

description: Diese Masterarbeit widmet sich dem Thema ‚Dreiecksbeziehungen‘ in der mittelalterlichen Literatur. Anhand von Hartmanns von Aue „Iwein“, Wolframs von Eschenbach „Parzival“ und „Willehalm“ sowie Bertholds von Holle „Demantin“ soll verifiziert werden, auf welche Art und Weise Beziehungsdreiecke in einem Text entstehen und welche Auswirkungen sie auf die jeweilige Handlung haben. Dabei liegt der Fokus auf den verschiedenen ‚Figuren des Dritten‘, die sich in ‚Vermittler‘ und ‚Unruhestifter‘ gliedern. So zeigt sich im „Iwein“ die Zofe Lunete als ‚Ehestifterin‘ und vermittelt im Dreieck ‚Iwein-Laudine-Lunete‘ die Ehe zwischen ihrer Herrin und Iwein. Laudine wiederum agiert als ‚unwissende Dritte‘ in der Sonderform ‚Ego-Alter Ego‘ bzw. in der Dreiecksbeziehung ‚Iwein-Löwenritter-Laudine‘. Im „Parzival“ steht Gahmuret als hybride dritte Figur namens ‚tricksender Parasit‘ im Mittelpunkt der Analysearbeit. Dieser drängt Belakane und Herzeloyde in ein Beziehungsdreieck, weshalb untersucht wird, wie sich Gahmurets Verhalten als ‚unruhestiftender Dritter‘ in der Vorgeschichte auf seine Nachkommen Parzival und Feirefiz auswirkt. Wolframs „Willehalm“ offenbart König Tybalt als ‚geschädigten Dritten‘, der im Rivalitätsdreieck ‚Willehalm-Gyburc-König Tybalt‘ Unruhe verbreitet. Neben der Fokussierung auf König Tybalt kann auch aufgezeigt werden, dass Beziehungsdreiecke als Handlungsauslöser fungieren. Zu guter Letzt stellt Bertholds Titelheld mehrere ‚Figuren des Dritten‘ dar. Demantin wird zum Rivalen, Nebenbuhler und Ehestifter, sprich es befinden sich sowohl ‚Vermittler‘ als auch ‚Unruhestifter‘ in dieser Erzählung. Dieses Verhalten führt in der Tat zu mehreren Dreiecksbeziehungen und treibt die hier behandelte Thematik auf die Chaos-Spitze. Und wie eine Kette an Dreiecken in einem einzigen Text ein Netz spinnt, das die Handlung strukturiert, ist ebenfalls mit Bertholds „Demantin“ auslegbar. Begleitend wird sich dazu mit dem Thema ‚Textnetzwerk‘ auseinandergesetzt. Ziel dieser Masterarbeit ist es zu illustrieren, wie viel Unruhe Beziehungsdreiecke und ‚Figuren des Dritten‘ in einer Erzählung anrichten und wie dieses Chaos von den Protagonisten überwunden werden kann.
Entanglement Entropy for Relevant and Geometric Perturbations
Creators: name: Rosenhaus, Vladimir
name: Smolkin, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We continue the study of entanglement entropy for a QFT through a perturbative expansion of the path integral definition of the reduced density matrix. The universal entanglement entropy for a CFT perturbed by a relevant operator is calculated to second order in the coupling. We also explore the geometric dependence of entanglement entropy for a deformed planar entangling surface, finding surprises at second order.
description: 18 pages + appendices
Orbital-free approach for large-scale electrostatic simulations of quantum nanoelectronics devices
Creators: name: Svejstrup, Waldemar
name: Maiani, Andrea
name: Van Hoogdalem, Kevin
name: Flensberg, Karsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The route to reliable quantum nanoelectronic devices hinges on precise control of the electrostatic environment. For this reason, accurate methods for electrostatic simulations are essential in the design process. The most widespread methods for this purpose are the Thomas-Fermi approximation, which provides quick approximate results, and the Schrödinger-Poisson method, which better takes into account quantum mechanical effects. The mentioned methods suffer from relevant shortcomings: the Thomas-Fermi method fails to take into account quantum confinement effects that are crucial in heterostructures, while the Schrödinger-Poisson method suffers severe scalability problems. This paper outlines the application of an orbital-free approach inspired by density functional theory. By introducing gradient terms in the kinetic energy functional, our proposed method incorporates corrections to the electronic density due to quantum confinement while it preserves the scalability of a theory that can be expressed as a functional minimization problem. This method offers a new approach to addressing large-scale electrostatic simulations of quantum nanoelectronic devices.
description: 9+2 pages, 4 figures
Kinetic mass shifts of $ρ$(770) and $K^*$(892) in Au+Au reaction at $E_\mathrm{beam}=1.23~A$GeV
Creators: name: Reichert, Tom
name: Bleicher, Marcus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the properties of the last generation of $ρ$(770) and $K^*$(892) resonances created in Au+Au reactions at E$_\mathrm{lab}=1.23$~AGeV via the reconstruction in the hadronic channel using the UrQMD model. Such resonance studies allow to obtain detailed information on the emission source in such reactions in a complementary way to di-lepton or HBT studies. We observe a freeze-out hierarchy and predict mass shifts for the $ρ$(770) resonance ($Δm_ρ\approx -330$ MeV) and the $K^*$(892) resonance ($Δm_{K^*} \approx -30$ MeV). These mass shifts are related to the regeneration cycles of each resonance species and are of purely kinetic origin. Experimentally our predictions can be tested using the GSI-HADES experiment or the lowest RHIC-BES energy.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures
Acoustic Full Waveform Inversion with Hamiltonian Monte Carlo Method
Creators: name: de Lima, Paulo D. S.
name: Corso, Gilberto
name: Ferreira, Mauro S.
name: de Araújo, João M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Full-Waveform Inversion (FWI) is a high-resolution technique used in geophysics to evaluate the physical parameters and construct subsurface models in a noisy and limited data scenario. The ill-posed nature of the FWI turns this a challenging problem since more than one model can match the observations. In a probabilistic way, solving the FWI problem demands efficient sampling techniques to infer information on parameters and to estimate the uncertainties in high-dimensional model spaces. We investigate the feasibility of applying the Hamiltonian Monte Carlo (HMC) method in the acoustic FWI by a reflection setup containing different noise level data. We propose a new strategy for tuning the mass matrix based on the acquisition geometry of the seismic survey. Our methodology significantly improves the ability of the HMC method in reconstructing reasonable seismic models with affordable computational efforts.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures
Atmospheric Dynamics of Hot Exoplanets
Creators: name: Heng, Kevin
name: Showman, Adam P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The characterization of exoplanetary atmospheres has come of age in the last decade, as astronomical techniques now allow for albedos, chemical abundances, temperature profiles and maps, rotation periods and even wind speeds to be measured. Atmospheric dynamics sets the background state of density, temperature and velocity that determines or influences the spectral and temporal appearance of an exoplanetary atmosphere. Hot exoplanets are most amenable to these characterization techniques; in the present review, we focus on highly-irradiated, large exoplanets (the "hot Jupiters"), as astronomical data begin to confront theoretical questions. We summarize the basic atmospheric quantities inferred from the astronomical observations. We review the state of the art by addressing a series of current questions and look towards the future by considering a separate set of exploratory questions. Attaining the next level of understanding will require a concerted effort of constructing multi-faceted, multi-wavelength datasets for benchmark objects. Understanding clouds presents a formidable obstacle, as they introduce degeneracies into the interpretation of spectra, yet their properties and existence are directly influenced by atmospheric dynamics. Confronting general circulation models with these multi-faceted, multi-wavelength datasets will help us understand these and other degeneracies. The coming decade will witness a decisive confrontation of theory and simulation by the next generation of astronomical data.
description: Accepted by Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences. 32 pages, 9 figures, 1 table. Posted with permission from the Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Volume 43 by Annual Reviews, http://www.annualreviews.org
Heterogeneous dynamic process flowsheet simulation of chemical plants
Creators: name: Grund, Friedrich
name: Ehrhardt, Klaus
name: Borchardt, Jürgen
name: Horn, Dietmar
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Chemical process simulation
subject: Systems of differential-algebraic equations
subject: Large-scale dynamic simulation
subject: Coupled processes
subject: Distributed simulation
subject: Waveform iteration
subject: Broyden update
subject: 65L05
subject: 80A30
subject: 65Y05
subject: 65H10

description: For large-scale dynamic simulation problems in chemical process engineering, a heterogeneous simulation concept is described which allows to distribute the solution of the models of coupled dynamic subprocesses to a computer network. The main principle of such a technique is to solve the submodels of an overall model independently of each other on subsequent time intervals. This is done by estimating the vector of input variables of the submodels, calculating the corresponding time behaviour of the output variables concurrently, and matching the time profiles of the interconnecting variables of the process flowsheet iteratively. Therefore, accelerated waveform iteration methods are considered, using Broyden- and block-Broyden-type updates. The simulation concept is investigated especially in the case that the submodels do not provide input-output sensitivities.
Magnetic tensor gradiometry using Ramsey interferometry of spinor condensates
Creators: name: Wood, A. A.
name: Bennie, L. M.
name: Duong, A.
name: Jasperse, M.
name: Turner, L. D.
name: Anderson, R. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have realized a magnetic tensor gradiometer by interferometrically measuring the relative phase between two spatially separated Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs). We perform simultaneous Ramsey interferometry of the proximate $^{87}$Rb spin-1 condensates in freefall and infer their relative Larmor phase -- and thus the differential magnetic field strength -- with a common-mode phase noise suppression exceeding $50\,\mathrm{dB}$. By appropriately biasing the magnetic field and separating the BECs along orthogonal directions, we measure the magnetic field gradient tensor of ambient and applied magnetic fields with a nominal precision of $30\,\mathrm{μG\,cm^{-1}}$ and a sensor volume of $2\times10^{-5}\,\mathrm{mm}^3$. We predict a spin-projection noise limited magnetic energy resolution of order $\hbar$ for typical Zeeman coherence times of trapped condensates with this scheme, even with the low measurement duty cycle inherent to BEC experiments.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
Axion dark matter with thermal friction
Creators: name: Choi, Kiwoon
name: Im, Sang Hui
name: Kim, Hee Jung
name: Seong, Hyeonseok
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cosmological evolution of axion field in the early universe might be significantly affected by a thermal friction induced by the axion coupling to thermalized hidden sector. We examine the effects of such a thermal friction on axion dark matter density and its perturbation when the thermal friction dominates over the Hubble friction until when the axion field begins to oscillate around the potential minimum. We show that in the presence of sizable thermal friction there can be an exponential decay phase of the axion field before the oscillation phase, during which the axion energy density is efficiently dissipated into hidden thermal bath. Consequently, the previously excluded parameter region due to overclosing relic axion density becomes cosmologically viable with thermal friction. In particular, a QCD axion much lighter than $μ$eV is viable without tuning the initial misalignment angle. We also find that thermal friction can affect the density perturbation of axion dark matter in various ways. For instance, it can alleviate the large-scale isocurvature bound on axion dark matter in the pre-inflationary PQ breaking scenario, which would make the pre-inflationary axion dark matter compatible with high scale inflation over a wide range of model parameters. In the post-inflationary PQ breaking scenario, thermal friction can also significantly change the scaling behavior of axionic strings, and therefore the typical size of the resultant axion miniclusters.
description: 12 pages, 2 figures; v3: references updated, minor clarifications added, matches the published version
Screening of quark-monopole in N=4 plasma
Creators: name: Xu, Wei-shui
name: Zeng, Ding-fang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a quark-monopole bound system moving in N=4 SYM plasma with a constant velocity by the AdS/CFT correspondence. The screening length of this system is calculated, and is smaller than that of the quark-antiquark bound state.
description: 17 pages, reference and minor correction added
Analysis of viruses infecting Cape gooseberry (Physalis peruviana) in southwestern Antioquia (Colombia) suggests a new member of the genus Trichovirus
Creators: name: Bacca, Michelle
name: Higuita, Mónica
name: Restrepo, Andrea
name: Gallo, Yuliana
name: Marín, Mauricio
name: Gutiérrez, Pablo
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Cape gooseberry (Physalis peruviana) is one of the most important crops in Antioquia (Colombia). However, little is known about the viruses circulating in Cape gooseberry in the southwestern region of the province. In this work, the prevalence of seven viruses (PVY, PVS, PVX, TaLMV, PhyVNV, CGIV-1, and PMTV) was tested by RT-qPCR on seed samples, symptomatic and asymptomatic plants from commercial fields from this region, and virus genomes were investigated using high-throughput sequencing (HTS). The results showed the detection of all seven viruses in at least one sample. PMTV was the most prevalent virus as it was found in six seed samples, eight asymptomatic, and ten symptomatic samples. HTS analysis revealed the presence of a new virus species closely related to the genus Trichovirus and tentatively named as Cape gooseberry associated trichovirus (CgaTV). Near full-length genome sequences were obtained for P. peruviana infecting isolates of TaLMV, PhyVNV, and PVY.
Jacobi forms, Saito-Kurokawa lifts, their Pullbacks and sup-norms on average
Creators: name: Anamby, Pramath
name: Das, Soumya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 11F46, 11F50, 11F66, Secondary 11F11, 11F30, 11F37

description: We formulate a precise conjecture about the size of the $L^\infty$-mass of the space of Jacobi forms on $\mathbb H_n \times \mathbb C^{g \times n}$ of matrix index $S$ of size $g$. This $L^\infty$-mass is measured by the size of the Bergman kernel of the space. We prove the conjectured lower bound for all such $n,g,S$ and prove the upper bound in the $k$ aspect when $n=1$, $g \ge 1$. When $n=1$ and $g=1$, we make a more refined study of the sizes of the index-(old and) new spaces, the latter via the Waldspurger's formula. Towards this and with independent interest, we prove a power saving asymptotic formula for the averages of the twisted central $L$-values $L(1/2, f \otimes χ_D)$ with $f$ varying over newforms of level a prime $p$ and even weight $k$ as $k,p \to \infty$ and $D$ being (explicitly) polynomially bounded by $k,p$. Here $χ_D$ is a real quadratic Dirichlet character. We also prove that the size of the space of Saito-Kurokawa lifts (of even weight $k$) is $k^{5/2}$ by three different methods (with or without the use of central $L$-values), and show that the size of their pullbacks to the diagonally embedded $\mathbb H \times \mathbb H$ is $k^2$. In an appendix, the same question is answered for the pullbacks of the whole space $S^2_k$, the size here being $k^3$.
description: To appear in Research in the Mathematical Sciences
An Upper Limit on the Charge of the Black Hole Sgr A* from EHT Observations
Creators: name: Ghosh, Sushant G.
name: Afrin, Misba
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) recently released an image of the supermassive black hole Sgr A* showing an angular shadow diameter $d_{sh}= 48.7 \pm 7\,μ$as and Schwarzschild shadow deviation $δ= -0.08^{+0.09}_{-0.09}~\text{(VLTI)},-0.04^{+0.09}_{-0.10}~\text{(Keck)}$ using a black hole mass $M = 4.0^{+1.1}_{-0.6} \times 10^6 M_\odot $. The EHT image of Sgr A* is consistent with a Kerr black hole's expected appearance, and the results directly prove the existence of a supermassive black hole at the center of the Milky Way. Here, we use the EHT observational results for Sgr A* to investigate the constraints on its charge with the aid of Kerr-like black holes, paying attention to three leading rotating models, namely Kerr--Newman, Horndeski, and hairy black holes. Modeling the supermassive black hole Sgr A* as these Kerr-like black holes, we observe that the EHT results of Sgr A* place more strict upper limits on the parameter space of Kerr--Newman and Horndeski black holes than those placed by the EHT results for M87*. A systematic bias analysis reveals that, observational results of future EHT experiments place more precise limits on the charge of black hole Sgr A*. Thus, the Kerr-like black holes and Kerr black holes are indiscernible in a substantial region of the EHT-constrained parameter space; the claim is substantiated by our bias analysis.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures, 1 table. Matched to the published version