cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Prompt Decays of General Neutralino NLSPs at the Tevatron
Creators: name: Meade, Patrick
name: Reece, Matthew
name: Shih, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent theoretical developments have shown that gauge mediation has a much larger parameter space of possible spectra and mixings than previously considered. Motivated by this, we explore the collider phenomenology of gauge mediation models where a general neutralino is the lightest MSSM superpartner (the NLSP), focusing on the potential reach from existing and future Tevatron searches. Promptly decaying general neutralino NLSPs can give rise to final states involving missing energy plus photons, Zs, Ws and/or Higgses. We survey the final states and determine those where the Tevatron should have the most sensitivity. We then estimate the reach of existing Tevatron searches in these final states and discuss new searches (or optimizations of existing ones) that should improve the reach. Finally we comment on the potential for discovery at the LHC.
description: 41 pages, minor changes, added refs and discussion of previous literature
title: An Analysis of a Measure of Productivity in Mule Deer Populations
Creators: name: Ryel, Ronald J.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1980

description: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the fall proportion of fawns among fawns and does in a mule deer population and two measures of productivity, the spring recruitment rate and the reproductive performance as measured in the fall. The spring recruitment rate was defined to be the number of fawns per doe which were recruited into the population at 1 year of age. The reproductive performance was defined to be the number of fawns produced per doe 2 years or older which survive to a specified time. The relationships between these quantities were measured by calculating linear coefficients of correlation from data generated by a projection matrix model of a mule deer population. A coefficient of correlation of 0.86 was found between the fall proportion of fawns and the rate at which fawns are recruited into the spring population. A coefficient of correlation of 0.89 was found between the fall proportion of fawns and the reproductive performance as measured in the fall.
The effect of misclassifying fawns as does and does as fawns on estimates of the proportion of fawns among fawns and does was also investigated. A comparison was made between the expected values of two estimates of the fall proportion, one with misclassification and one without misclassification. The misclassification of fawns and does was found to bias estimates of the proportion of fawns. The bias was found to be a function of the amount of misclassification and the actual proportion of fawns .
Topological effect on spin transport in a magnetic quantum wire: Green's function approach
Creators: name: Dey, Moumita
name: Maiti, Santanu K.
name: Karmakar, S. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore spin dependent transport through a magnetic quantum wire which is attached to two non-magnetic metallic electrodes. We adopt a simple tight-binding Hamiltonian to describe the model where the quantum wire is attached to two semi-infinite one-dimensional non-magnetic electrodes. Based on single particle Green's function formalism all the calculations are performed numerically which describe two-terminal conductance and current-voltage characteristics through the wire. Quite interestingly we see that, beyond a critical system size probability of spin flipping enhances significantly that can be used to design a spin flip device. Our numerical study may be helpful in fabricating mesoscopic or nano-scale spin devices.
description: 8 pages, 9 figures
Impact of process parameters and bulk properties on quality of dried hops
Creators: name: Raut, Sharvari
name: Gersdorff, Gardis J.E. Von
name: Münsterer, Jakob
name: Kammhuber, Klaus
name: Hensel, Oliver
name: Sturm, Barbara
Publisher: name: Basel : MDPI AG
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Bulk weight
subject: Chemical analysis
subject: Energy consumption
subject: Hop cones size distribution
subject: 570

description: Hops are critical to the brewing industry. In commercial hop drying, a large bulk of hops is dried in multistage kilns for several hours. This affects the drying behavior and alters the amount and chemical composition of the hop oils. To understand these changes, hops of the var. Hallertauer Tradition were dried in bulks of 15, 25 and 35 kg/m2 at 60◦C and 0.35 m/s. Additionally, bulks of 25 kg/m2 were also dried at 65◦C and 0.45 m/s to assess the effect of change in temperature and velocity, respectively. The results obtained show that bulk weights significantly influence the drying behavior. Classification based on the cone size reveals 45.4% medium cones, 41.2% small cones and 8.6% large cones. The highest ∆E value of 6.3 and specific energy consumption (113,476 kJ/kgH2O) were observed for the 15 kg/m2 bulk. Increasing the temperature from 60◦C to 65◦C increased the oil yield losses by about 7% and myrcene losses by 22%. The results obtained show that it is important to define and consider optimum bulk and process parameters, to optimize the hop drying process to improve the process efficiency as well the product quality. © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
title: Use of Clearcut Habitats by Black Bears in the Pacific Northwest
Creators: name: Barber, Kim R.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1983

description: Patterns of vegetation use by black bears (Ursus americanus) on Long Island, Washington were documented using radio-telemetry in 1973-74 and 1980-81. Secondary succession altered the vegetative compostion of clearcut areas through this time, reducing the areas dominated by productive brush species by nearly 50%. Seasonal food habits, consisted primarily of grasses and forbs in spring (den emergence-May) and flowers and fruits of shrub species in summer (June-September) and fall (October-den entrance).
Bears selected for clearcuts (5-21 years of age) over all other vegetation types for feeding but preferred areas dominated by large trees when inactive during both the day and night. Inactivity in clearcut areas occurred most frequently in clearcuts offering the greatest amount of horizontal cover. Although preferred in all seasons, clearcuts received the greatest use during the summer months when flowers and fruits of shrubs species were most abundant. Tidelands and meadows were used more in the spring than during other seasons and conifer stands received the greatest proportionate use in spring and fall. Old growth timber (200 +years of age) was used similarly to mature second growth.
Adult males were less influenced than other classes of bears by availability of horizontal cover and proximity of cover provided by adjacent vegetation types when feeding in clearcut areas. Adult females with cubs fed in timber stands and clearcuts with abundant horizontal cover more than other bears and generally remained in close proximity to bordering timber stands when feeding in clearcuts. Subadults, as well as adult females with cubs, appeared to use available habitats in a manner that allowed them to avoid other bears.
Areas in large timber stands that were long distances from clearcuts were used by bears more during the 1980-81 phase of the study, apparently because of the increased competition for declining resources in clearcut areas. Home ranges of the adult females present during both phases of the study were similar in both size and location.
Why good open science must be inclusive
Creators: name: Praag, Cassandra Gould Van
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: Talk presented to the Reproducible Research Oxford (ReproducibiliTea) reading group, 14th July 2020. In this session I lay the groundwork for what inclusivity is, and why good open and reproducible research should be designed with inclusivity in mind. I will invite you to think about the impact of poor inclusivity practices on individual researchers who are attempting to engage with your work, as well as broad and underrepresented groups. We will close with an open discussion about the issues, what we can do as individuals to improve the inclusivity of our own open projects, and efforts we can be supporting as a community of open researchers.
Flow Delegation: Flow Table Capacity Bottleneck Mitigation for Software-defined Networks
Creators: name: Bauer, Robert
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2020
Subjects: Computer networks
Software-defined Networking
SDN
Flow table capacity bottlenecks

description: This dissertation introduces flow delegation, a novel concept to deal with flow table capacity bottlenecks in Software-defined Networks (SDNs). Such bottlenecks occur when SDN switches provide insufficient flow table capacity which can lead to performance degradation and/or network failures. Flow delegation addresses this well-known problem by automatically relocating flow rules from a bottlenecked switch to neighboring switches with spare capacity. Different from existing work, this new approach can be used on-demand in a transparent fashion, i.e., without changes to the network applications or other parts of the infrastructure. The thesis presents a system design and architecture capable of dealing with the numerous practical challenges associated with flow delegation, introduces suitable algorithms to efficiently mitigate bottlenecks taking future knowledge and multiple objectives into account and studies feasibility, performance, overhead, and scalability of the new approach covering different scenarios.
Thermodynamics and fractal Drude weights in the sine-Gordon model
Creators: name: Nagy, Botond C.
name: Kormos, Márton
name: Takács, Gábor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The sine-Gordon model is a paradigmatic quantum field theory that provides the low-energy effective description of many gapped 1D systems. Despite this fact, its complete thermodynamic description in all its regimes has been lacking. Here we fill this gap and derive the framework that captures its thermodynamics and serves as the basis of its hydrodynamic description. As a first application, we compute the Drude weight characterising the ballistic transport of topological charge and demonstrate that its dependence on the value of the coupling shows a fractal structure, similar to the gapless phase of the XXZ spin chain. The thermodynamic framework can be applied to study other features of non-equilibrium dynamics in the sine-Gordon model using generalised hydrodynamics, opening the way to a wide array of theoretical studies and potential novel experimental predictions.
description: 6 pages + 14 pages Supplemental Material
t-Class semigroups of Noetherian domains
Creators: name: Kabbaj, S.
name: Mimouni, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 13C20, 13F05, 11R65, 11R29, 20M14

description: The t-class semigroup of an integral domain is the semigroup of fractional t-ideals modulo its subsemigroup of nonzero principal ideals with the operation induced by ideal t-multiplication. This paper investigates ring-theoretic properties of a Noetherian domain that reflect reciprocally in the Clifford or Boolean property of its t-class semigroup.
description: 9 pages. To appear in Commutative Algebra and Applications, Walter de Gruyter, Berlin, Germany, 2009
Nature of ice-sheet injury to forage plants
Creators: name: Freyman, Stanislaw
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The nature of ice-sheet damage to overwintering forage plants was studied in a controlled environment at non-injurious freezing temperatures. The soil atmosphere was analyzed in a gas-chromatograph and the plants were assessed for injury by histological examination and recovery rates in the greenhouse. Under experimental ice-covers carbon dioxide accumulated in the soil in some instances to as high as 10% while oxygen was depleted to less than 4% of the atmosphere. Plants rooted in such soils were killed after 7 weeks of ice-cover. When the soil under the ice-sheet was flushed with carbon dioxide the plants were killed after periods as short as 21 days. In both cases injury appeared to be physiological rather than mechanical. Furthermore, carbon dioxide accumulation rather than oxygen depletion was responsible for the injury since the plants were able to withstand periods of 3 weeks in a nitrogen-saturated soil. A freeze-thaw-freeze cycle, with moderate freezing temperatures and associated with an ice-sheet, did not appear to be damaging to alfalfa. Continuous ice-covers resulted in a greater accumulation of carbon dioxide and consequently more injury suffered by the plants than where the cover was temporarily broken by a thaw. High soil-moisture conditions which are usually associated with ice-sheets did not result in an increased hydration level in the tissue and consequently did not make the plants more susceptible to cold injury. A technique was developed to determine the ability of plants to withstand ice-encasement. Several varieties and species that were tested exhibited no clear-cut correlation between resistance to ice encasement and frost hardiness.
Teatro La Ribalta
Creators: name: Viganò, Antonio
Publisher: name: DARIAH-DE
Year: 2023
Subjects: Italy
Theatre Group
Bolzano

description: Description:
Teatro La Ribalta is a professional theatre group comprised of artists with and without disabilities. Founded by actors Michele Fiocchi and Antonio Viganò in 2013, the association evolved into the cooperative society known as Accademia Arte della Diversità – Teatro La Ribalta. Over the years, this collaboration has given rise to a visually captivating art project, encapsulated in its nickname “Kunst der Vielfalt” (“Art of Diversity”). It stands as a distinctive social project in Italy dedicated to combating social exclusion by providing participants with a social and professional identity.
In 2009, the ensemble established itself in Bolzano, and since January 2015, they have owned and operated a permanent venue in the city, referred to as T.RAUM. This space isn’t solely utilized by the actors and actresses of Teatro La Ribalta for their daily work; it also welcomes other initiatives and serves as a hub for encounters, discussions, and professional development. By doing so, it promotes a broad spectrum of artistic activities and aims to counteract any potential segregation of actors and actresses with disabilities, ensuring the continuation of their cultural inclusion project.
The theatre ensemble’s performances tackle significant social themes and are characterized by a sophisticated aesthetic. Moreover, their activities encompass organizing events, theatre series, and collaborations with local theatres and public institutions. For instance, Teatro La Ribalta played a pivotal role in establishing Circuiti Teatrali Lombardi (formerly Altri Percorsi) and participated in its artistic direction. Additionally, they initiated theatre series for young people like “Posto Unico” and the “Festival Campsirago Teatro,” which serve as meeting places where genres blend, and new artistic practices are tested. La Ribalta also champions the theatre series “Arte della Diversità” and co-produces events with the Associazioni Theatraki, including workshops for children. Since 2010, in collaboration with Lebenshilfe Südtirol and with support from the Cultural Department of the City of Bolzano, Teatro La Ribalta has organized the “Corpi eretici - häretische Körper” theatre series, focusing on human diversity and diverse perspectives.
The ensemble has been touring Italy and Europe for several years, resulting in collaborations with theatres both in Italy and abroad, such as the French theatre ensemble L’Oiseau Mouche. For a decade, the group was affiliated with Théâtre Le Grand Bleu in Lille, which co-produced their plays between 1995 and 2006. Eminent theatre and art professionals, along with choreographers, contribute to the production of performances and training. Their work has garnered awards and national guest performances, exemplified by the Ubu Special Prize they received in 2018 for outstanding artistic creativity and their treatment of the themes of marginal groups and disability. The Ubu Prize represents the highest recognition in the field of theatre and dance in Italy.
1,1,2,2-Tetra-phenyl-15-diphosphane 1-sulfide
Creators: name: Aluri, B.R.
name: Peitz, S.
name: Wöhl, A.
name: Peulecke, N.
name: Müller, B.H.
name: Spannenberg, A.
name: Rosenthal, U.
Publisher: name: Chester : International Union of Crystallography
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Crystal structure
subject: Chemistry
subject: Crystallography
subject: 540

description: In the title mol-ecule, C24H20P2S, the P - P bond length is 2.2263 (5) Å. The two phenyl rings attached to the three- and five-coordinated P atoms, respectively, form dihedral angles of 56.22 (5) and 71.74 (5)°.
Horizontal networks and collaborative marketing in the Tasmanian wine industry
Creators: name: Roach, G
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: In the past thirty or so years, an increasing number of organisations have formed business-to-business relationships as an alternative to traditional market exchange. Much of the literature in this area focuses on the nature of dyadic relationships or vertical networks between heterogeneous businesses in a supply chain. Far less research has examined how competitors interact at a network level, and, more specifically, why these organisations would choose to engage in collaborative marketing. This thesis examines the nature of horizontal networks and collaborative marketing in the context of the Tasmanian wine industry. It uses network theory to explore the phenomena of inter-producer relationships within a specific wine region of Australia. The research is guided by the following questions: why do Tasmanian wine producers join horizontal networks, what types of collaborative marketing do Tasmanian wine producers engage in within horizontal networks, and what factors affect collaborative marketing between Tasmanian wine producers in horizontal networks. Qualitative data were gathered via in-depth interviews with firstly, industry informants, and secondly, individual wine producing businesses. These data were supplemented with information drawn from websites, industry publications, and news sources. A key aim of the study was to explore how horizontal networks are perceived by Tasmanian wine producers, and to what extent these businesses engage in collaborative marketing. Analysis of the data revealed that there are three horizontal networks within the Tasmanian wine industry, which are all of a formal nature. While these networks share a similar purpose, there was divergence between how successful each network‚ÄövÑvºs attempts at collaborative marketing had been. Furthermore, certain horizontal networks in the industry boasted higher levels of member trust, commitment, mutual benefit, and camaraderie. These factors have led to differences in the way each network is perceived, and the benefits of collaboration each offers. Parallels between Tasmania‚ÄövÑvºs only state-wide industry association and the state‚ÄövÑvºs largest sub-regional network, have resulted in some conflict and rivalry which, going forward, may restrict the implementation of collaborative marketing at a state-wide level.
Laurent polynomials and Eulerian numbers
Creators: name: Erman, Daniel
name: Smith, Gregory G.
name: Várilly-Alvarado, Anthony
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05A10, 14N15, 14M25

description: Duistermaat and van der Kallen show that there is no nontrivial complex Laurent polynomial all of whose powers have a zero constant term. Inspired by this, Sturmfels posed two questions: Do the constant terms of a generic Laurent polynomial form a regular sequence? If so, then what is the degree of the associated zero-dimensional ideal? In this note, we prove that the Eulerian numbers provide the answer to the second question. The proof involves reinterpreting the problem in terms of toric geometry.
description: 7 pages; gave a new proof of Lemma 3; made minor corrections and improvements to exposition
The Influence of Cu-Additions on the Microstructure, Mechanical and Magnetic Properties of MnAl-C Alloys
Creators: name: Jürries, F.
name: Freudenberger, J.
name: Nielsch, K.
name: Woodcock, T.G.
Publisher: name: London : Nature Publishing Group
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: MnAl-C Alloys
subject: Mechanical Properties
subject: Magnetic Properties
subject: Microstructure
subject: 530

description: Alloys of the form (Mn54Al44C2)100-xCux (with x = 0, 1, 2, 4 and 6) were produced by induction melting. After homogenisation and quenching, most of the alloys consist entirely of the retained ε-phase, except for x = 6, in which the κ-phase was additionally present. After subsequent annealing, the alloys with x ≤ 2 consist entirely of a Cu-doped, ferromagnetic τ-phase, whereas the alloys with x > 2 additionally contain the κ-phase. The polarisation of the alloys at an applied field of 14 T decreases with increasing Cu-content, which is attributed i) to the dilution of the magnetic moment of the τ-phase unit cell by the Cu atoms, which do not carry a magnetic moment, and ii) at higher Cu-contents, to the formation of the κ-phase, which has a much lower polarisation than the τ-phase and therefore dilutes the net polarisation of the alloys. The Curie temperature was not affected by the Cu-additions. The stress needed to die-upset the alloys with x ≤ 2 was similar to that of the undoped alloy, whereas it was much lower for x = 4 and 6, due to the presence of intergranular layers of the κ-phase. The extrinsic magnetic properties of alloys with x ≤ 2 were improved by die-upsetting, whereas decomposition of the τ-phase during processing had a deleterious effect on the magnetic properties for higher Cu-additions.
Anomalous Single Top Production at the LHeC Based gamma p Collider
Creators: name: Cakir, I. T.
name: Cakir, O.
name: Sultansoy, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The top quark could provide very important information for the Standard Model extentions due to its large mass close to the electroweak symmetry breaking scale. In this work, anomalous single top production is studied by using gamma p-->W^{+}b process at the LHeC based gamma p collider. The sensitivity to anomalous coupling kappa/Lambda could be reached down to 0.01 TeV^{-1}.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures, 3 tables
3D stellar evolution: hydrodynamic simulations of a complete burning phase in a massive star
Creators: name: Rizzuti, F.
name: Hirschi, R.
name: Arnett, W. D.
name: Georgy, C.
name: Meakin, C.
name: Murphy, A. StJ.
name: Rauscher, T.
name: Varma, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Our knowledge of stellar evolution is driven by one-dimensional (1D) simulations. 1D models, however, are severely limited by uncertainties on the exact behaviour of many multi-dimensional phenomena occurring inside stars, affecting their structure and evolution. Recent advances in computing resources have allowed small sections of a star to be reproduced with multi-D hydrodynamic models, with an unprecedented degree of detail and realism. In this work, we present a set of 3D simulations of a convective neon-burning shell in a 20 M$_\odot$ star run for the first time continuously from its early development through to complete fuel exhaustion, using unaltered input conditions from a 321D-guided 1D stellar model. These simulations help answer some open questions in stellar physics. In particular, they show that convective regions do not grow indefinitely due to entrainment of fresh material, but fuel consumption prevails over entrainment, so when fuel is exhausted convection also starts decaying. Our results show convergence between the multi-D simulations and the new 321D-guided 1D model, concerning the amount of convective boundary mixing to include in stellar models. The size of the convective zones in a star strongly affects its structure and evolution, thus revising their modelling in 1D will have important implications for the life and fate of stars. This will thus affect theoretical predictions related to nucleosynthesis, supernova explosions and compact remnants.
description: 12 pages, 15 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Grüneisen parameter as an entanglement compass and the breakdown of the Hellmann-Feynman theorem
Creators: name: Squillante, Lucas
name: Ricco, Luciano S.
name: Ukpong, Aniekan Magnus
name: Lagos-Monaco, Roberto E.
name: Seridonio, Antonio C.
name: de Souza, Mariano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Grüneisen ratio $Γ$, i.e., the singular part of the ratio of thermal expansion to the specific heat, has been broadly employed to explore both finite-$T$ and quantum critical points (QCPs). For a genuine quantum phase transition (QPT), thermal fluctuations are absent and thus the thermodynamic $Γ$ cannot be employed. We propose a quantum analogue to $Γ$ that computes entanglement as a function of a tuning parameter $λ$ and show that QPTs take place only for systems in which the ground-state energy depends on $λ$ non-linearly. Furthermore, we demonstrate the breakdown of the Hellmann-Feynman theorem in the thermodynamic limit at any QCP. We showcase our approach using the quantum 1D Ising model with transverse field and Kane's quantum computer. The slowing down of the dynamics and thus the "creation of mass" close to any QCP/QPT is also discussed.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, comments are wellcome!
title: Quaternary Amino Acid Geochronology of the Lahontan Basin, Nevada, and the Chewaucan Basin, Oregon
Creators: name: Bigelow, Jeffrey
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1998

description: Amino acid geochronology based on fossil molluscs provides a useful approach to determining the Quaternary history of Great Basin lakes. The Lahontan basin, Nevada, and the Chewaucan basin, Oregon, in the northwest corner of the Great Basin, both contained lakes during the Quaternary. The aim of this study is to improve the Quaternary geochronology in these two basins by measuring time-dependent changes in amino acids preserved in fossil molluscan shells. The abundance of D-alloisoleucine relative to Lisoleucine (All) characterizes the extent of racemization, which increases with age and Ul forms the basis of relative and correlated ages. An age-calibration curve for Vorticifex was developed using All ratios in shells from layers with radiocarbon-dated shells and with one thermoluminescence date in the Chewaucan basin. The All ratios from non-dated deposits were assigned ages from this calibration curve.
The All ratios in 77 samples (-350 shells) of mainly Vorticifex were analyzed to improve the lake chronology in the Lahontan and Chewaucan basins. From the stratigraphic position, All ratios in the shells, and previously published radiometric ages, at least five and possibly six lake cycles were inferred in the Lahontan basin for the Quaternary period. Shells with highest All ratios ( -0.8) might correlate with the Rye Patch
Alloformation, named for deep-lake sediments deposited in the Lahontan basin -630 ka. The next younger lake deposits are ascribed to the Eetza Alloformation. On the basis of the amino acid data, two and possibly three distinct lake expansions took place during the Eetza lacustrine episode, which lasted from -385 to 145 ka. Deposits of the Sehoo Alloformation ( -35 to 12 ka) can be differentiated from older deposits on the basis of All ratios in mollusc shells. Finally, a few shells with low All ratios near Pyramid Lake may indicate a minor lake expansion during the Holocene. Only two lake cycles were inferred from the amino acid data in the Chewaucan basin for the Quaternary period. Shells with the highest ratios correlated with the Eetza Alloformation and the shells with lowest ratios correlate with the Sehoo Alloformation. The amino acid data suggest that Lake Lahontan and Lake Bonneville experienced similar lake-level histories during the past -660 ka. The Sehoo Alloformation in the Lahontan basin broadly correlates with Bonneville Alloformation in the Bonneville basin based on All ratios and radiocarbon dates. The late and early aminozones within the Eetza Alloformation might correlate, respectively, with the Little Valley and Pokes Point Alloformations in the Bonneville basin.
Algorithmic Unfairness through the Lens of EU Non-Discrimination Law: Or Why the Law is not a Decision Tree
Creators: name: Weerts, Hilde
name: Xenidis, Raphaële
name: Tarissan, Fabien
name: Olsen, Henrik Palmer
name: Pechenizkiy, Mykola
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Concerns regarding unfairness and discrimination in the context of artificial intelligence (AI) systems have recently received increased attention from both legal and computer science scholars. Yet, the degree of overlap between notions of algorithmic bias and fairness on the one hand, and legal notions of discrimination and equality on the other, is often unclear, leading to misunderstandings between computer science and law. What types of bias and unfairness does the law address when it prohibits discrimination? What role can fairness metrics play in establishing legal compliance? In this paper, we aim to illustrate to what extent European Union (EU) non-discrimination law coincides with notions of algorithmic fairness proposed in computer science literature and where they differ. The contributions of this paper are as follows. First, we analyse seminal examples of algorithmic unfairness through the lens of EU non-discrimination law, drawing parallels with EU case law. Second, we set out the normative underpinnings of fairness metrics and technical interventions and compare these to the legal reasoning of the Court of Justice of the EU. Specifically, we show how normative assumptions often remain implicit in both disciplinary approaches and explain the ensuing limitations of current AI practice and non-discrimination law. We conclude with implications for AI practitioners and regulators.
New mechanism for non-trivial intra-molecular vibrational dynamics
Creators: name: Benderskii, V. A.
name: Kats, E. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the time evolution process of one selected (initially prepared by optical pumping) vibrational molecular state, coupled to all other intra-molecular vibrational states of the same molecule, and also to its environment. Molecular states forming the first reservoir are characterised by a discrete dense spectrum, whereas the environment reservoir states form a continuous spectrum. Assuming the equidistant reservoir states we find the exact analytical solution of the quantum dynamic equations. System reservoirs couplings yield to spontaneous decay of the states, whereas system-reservoir exchange leads to recurrence cycles and Loschmidt echo and double resonances at the interlevel reservoir transitions. Due to these couplings the system $S$ time evolution is not reduced to a simple exponential relaxation. We predict various regimes of the system dynamics, ranging from exponential decay to irregular damped oscillations. Namely, we show that there are four possible dynamic regimes of the evolution: (i) - independent of the environment exponential decay suppressing backward transitions, (ii) Loschmidt echo regime, (iii) - incoherent dynamics with multicomponent Loschmidt echo, when the system state exchanges its energy with many states of the reservoir, (iv) - cycle mixing regime, when the long term system dynamics appear to be random. We suggest applications of our results for interpretation of femtosecond vibration spectra of large molecules and nano-systems.
description: 11 pages, 2 figures
title: Differentiation Between the pH Effect and the Bicarbonate Ion Effect in Causing Lime-Induced Chlorosis
Creators: name: Petersen, Hyrum Del Var
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1963

description: Lime-induced chlorosis has been recognized for many years as a problem where plants are grown on calcareous soils. There are many factors associated with and influencing this form of iron chlorosis and because of this it has been very difficult to determine the relationship between the factors and chlorosis.
There are high concentrations of bicarbonate in calcareous soils. Because of this high concentration, it was believed that the presence of the bicarbonate ion was causing chlorosis. It has been proposed that the pH of the growth medium was the causitive factor of lime-induced chlorosis. Most calcareous soils have a pH range around 8.0. At this pH the solubility of iron is very low, and it was believed that chlorosis was a result of iron being insoluble at a high pH. Iron chlorosis has been induced in plants by increasing the phosphorus concentration in the growth medium. Iron phosphates have a low solubility and it was believed that the available iron was precipitated by the phosphates. The interference of metals such as calcium, nickel, cobalt, zinc, and copper appears to be a factor affecting the absorption of iron by plants. It was thought that an interfering ion (Ni, Co, Ca, Zn) may interfere with the translocation of iron in the malic or malonic acid complexes (Tiffin and Brown, 1962).
Teatro Buffo
Creators: name: Zlatkovic, Suzana
Publisher: name: DARIAH-DE
Year: 2023
Subjects: Disability
Theatre
Italy

description: Teatro Buffo is a theatre company comprised of actors with and without disability. Their research is based in a space where differences are not defined via the category normality/ diversity, but in the thought that every single person is different from another.
The company was born as a theatre project in May of 2007 from the idea of Suzana Zlatkovic, said being an answer to the efforts of integration, socialization, and entertainment of persons with disabilities outside their home. From 2014 on, Teatro Buffo is part of the Anticorpi network, an organization for social inclusion. Currently the company holds eight actors.
The company’s training is meant to give way to the transformation and infinite creative possibilities of the body, incorporated in different roles. The theatre lets its actors live through new and different experiences of their abilities, to go beyond their limits, using conventional schemes, roles, and structures to enter in different schemes. The framework is always the interaction with the rest of the group, thereby mixing physical theatre, dance, and the voice. The method derives from the body of every single actor, centring on his posture, gestures, voice, breathing and movement. The movement and expressions are not imposed by the choreographer but derive from the dancers through suggestions and imagination.
The story has its origin in the physiological rhythm of every dancer and the movement of his or her emotions towards the scenic gesture, focusing the attention on daily gestures and talking about oneself, exploring the own identity via improvisations and compositions high in aesthetic quality. The convictions of Teatro Buffo can be summed up as follows: Being oneself, whatever that is, in the totality of differences. All different, but together, moving towards the same goal.
Productions (selection):
Kick Off (Premiere: April 6, 2019)
Si mangia con le mani (2019)
L’altro lato della luna (Premiere: July 22, 2018)
Tutorial (Premiere: December 11, 2016)
BuffoCirco (2014)
Viaggio in Sardegna (2014)
Parlano di noi! (2013)
Tra festa e assenza! (2013)
Allo scoperto! (2013)
Training and transitions : the lived experiences of adult learners of English as a second (or other) language
Creators: name: Reszke, SM
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: This study endeavoured to explore and examine the lived experience of adults learning and using English as a second language within the context of an international charitable and humanitarian organization, and the significance of this for English language teaching pedagogy. The study has at its foundation principles of hermeneutic phenomenology and as such sought to understand what these experiences were like for the respondents. Two clusters of participants contributed responses in different formats from different contexts within the international organization. At level one the 16 participants were working in multicultural teams with an international charitable and humanitarian organization in various locations around the world and contributed one off written responses to guiding questions. The 18 respondents at level two were studying English at an organizational training college in order to fulfil requirements for a standardised level of English proficiency, and took part in semi-structured interviews. Data analysis and interpretation utilised a combination of grounded theory and thematic analysis methods so as to discern themes arising from the data. Findings from the study suggest that significant personal transformation is possible when adults learn English in a country and culture other than their own. Attitudes and approaches to English language learning undergo change as adults endeavour to participate in the target language community. Intercultural awareness and an increased understanding of the host culture develop as adults relate to those from other cultures in the new context. In their everyday routine experiences, English language learners and users experience changes to the self, particularly growth in self confidence and a sense of empowerment. The changes brought about by the ESL experience also necessitate negotiation within existing relationships as families deal with separation from family members and establish routines in the host culture. The role of English within the family also requires ongoing negotiation as contexts change. The role of the English language teacher can be regarded as crucial both in affecting good language learning experiences but also in facilitating learning that is transformative. Within the international organization experiences of learning and using English have a temporal nature that is context dependent. For non-native speakers within the organization the role of English develops as proficiency develops however, fulfilling roles of additional responsibility creates additional pressure from the expectations both of the English language users themselves and from others. The findings suggest that the participants in this study were motivated to learn English by a sense of vocation that also assisted them to maintain their English language learning and to persist in using English to fulfil their vocation through working with the international organization.
Stellar population analysis on local infrared-selected galaxies
Creators: name: Chen, X. Y.
name: Liang, Y. C.
name: Hammer, F.
name: Zhao, Y. H.
name: Zhong, G. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To study the stellar population of local infrared galaxies, which contain star-forming galaxies, composite galaxies, LINERs, and Seyfert 2s. We also want to find whether infrared luminosity and spectral class have any effects on their stellar populations. The sample galaxies are selected from the main galaxy sample of SDSS-DR4 and then cross-correlated with the IRAS-PSCz catalog. We fit our spectra (stellar absorption lines and continua) using the spectral synthesis code STARLIGHT on the base of the templates of Simple Stellar Population and the spectra of star clusters.Among the 4 spectral classes, LINERs present the oldest stellar populations, and the other 3 sub-samples all present substantial young and intermediate age populations and very few old populations. The importance of young populations decreases from star-forming, composite, Seyfert 2 to LINER. As to different infrared luminosity bins, ULIGs & LIGs (log($L_{IR}/L_{\odot})\geq$11) present younger populations than starbursts and normal galaxies. However, the dominant contributors to mass are old populations in all sample galaxies. The fittings by using the spectra of star clusters with different ages and metallicities as templates also give consistent results. The dominated populations in star-forming and composite galaxies are those with metallicity $Z=0.2Z_\odot$, while LINERs and Seyfert 2s are more metal-rich. The normal galaxies are more metal-rich than the ULIGs & LIGs and starbursts for the star-forming galaxies within different infrared luminosity bins. Additionally, we also compare some synthesis results with other parameters obtained from the MPA/JHU catalog.
description: 13 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication by A&A
title: The Complex Formation of Silver Ion With Ribonucleic Acid, Guanosine, Inosine and Related Compounds and Peroxidase-Like Activity of a Haemundecapeptide Prepared From Horse Heart Cytochrome C
Creators: name: Reinosa, José Angel
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1966

description: The importance of nucleic acids in plant and animal cells as carriers of genetic information and as protein biosynthesis agents is well recognized. It is also known that nucleic acid is a component of all viruses.
Takahashi (45) and Fraenkel-Conrat (16) demonstrated that the protein component of tobacco mosaic virus is non-infectious to the host plant, although it is identical to the original virus morphologically. The virus ribonucleic acid (RNA) alone was infectious, however.
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), which is present in chromosomes, displays a very specific function. The chromosome long has been accepted as the carrier of the hereditary unit, the gene, whose main component is DNA, which controls the formation of enzymes and of many proteins. Agents that bring about a mutational effect, affect DNA. Some of these agents are ultraviolet light, X-ray radiation and nitrous acid.
Hochschild cohomology for Lie algebroids
Creators: name: Calaque, Damien
name: Rossi, Carlo A.
name: Bergh, Michel Van den
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: K-Theory and Homology (math.KT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14F99, 14D99

description: We define the Hochschild (co)homology of a ringed space relative to a locally free Lie algebroid. Our definitions mimic those of Swan and Caldararu for an algebraic variety. We show that our (co)homology groups can be computed using suitable standard complexes. Our formulae depend on certain natural structures on jetbundles over Lie algebroids. In an appendix we explain this by showing that such jetbundles are formal groupoids which serve as the formal exponentiation of the Lie algebroid.
description: The authors were informed that the fact that jetbundles are formal groupoids is already contained in arXiv:0904.4736 (with a somewhat different proof)
[N,N-Bis(diphenyl­phosphino)isopropyl­amine]dibromidonickel(II)
Creators: name: Hapke, M.
name: Wöhl, A.
name: Peitz, S.
name: Müller, B.H.
name: Spannenberg, A.
name: Rosenthal, U.
Publisher: name: Chester : International Union of Crystallography
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Crystal structure
subject: Chemistry
subject: Crystallography
subject: 540

description: The title compound, [NiBr2(C27H27NP2)], was synthesized by the reaction of NiBr2(dme) (dme is 1,2-dimethoxy-ethane) with N,N-bis-(diphenyl-phosphino)isopropyl-amine in methanol/tetra-hydro-furan. The nickel(II) center is coordinated by two P atoms of the chelating PNP ligand, PH2PN(iPr)PPH2, and two bromide ions in a distorted square-planar geometry.
Crystallization of hard aspherical particles
Creators: name: Miller, William L.
name: Bozorgui, Behnaz
name: Cacciuto, Angelo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use numerical simulations to study the crystallization of monodisperse systems of hard aspherical particles. We find that particle shape and crystallizability can be easily related to each other when particles are characterized in terms of two simple and experimentally accessible order parameters: one based on the particle surface-to-volume ratio, and the other on the angular distribution of the perturbations away from the ideal spherical shape. We present a phase diagram obtained by exploring the crystallizability of 487 different particle shapes across the two-order-parameter spectrum. Finally, we consider the physical properties of the crystalline structures accessible to aspherical particles, and discuss limits and relevance of our results.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures. Published in the Journal of Chemical Physics.
title: Effects of Chilling, Chemicals and Pruning on the Rest Period of Peach Trees
Creators: name: Yazdaniha, Ataollah
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1964

description: Many deciduous trees enter a stage each year when their visible growth ceases. This is not always associated with cold weather or lack of water, and may occur with many species in mid-to-late summer. Trees entering this phase are said to be in rest. Rest is caused when internal factors are unfavorable for growth, while dormancy is defined as external factors being adverse for growth.
title: Comparison of Tensiometer and Climatological Methods for Estimating Soil Moisture Depletion and Scheduling Irrigation for Potatoes
Creators: name: Wiser, Thayne B.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1972

description: The purpose of this thesis was to compare the tensiometer and climatic methods of scheduling irrigation of potatoes under field conditions. Tensiometers were placed in a 160 acre field to maintain the crop within the optimum moisture range and schedule irrigations. An automatic solid set system was used to apply water to the potato crop. Instrumentation was used to determine daily input for the climatological method. Daily evapotranspiration (Et) was computed and Et (tensiometer) was comPared with Et (climatic). The results showed total variation of the climatic method from the tensiometer method of .62 inches or less than 5 per cent. The study indicated that the climatological method would have under irrigated the potato crop by . 62 inches during the 48 day study. Variations are also shown for each irrigation interval. Results indicated that a combination of both methods would allow the most feasible approach to scheduling irrigation of potatoes.