cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Forms of del Pezzo surfaces of degree 5 and 6
Creators: name: Zaitsev, Alexandr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14J45

description: In this paper we obtain necessary and sufficient condition for existence of del Pezzo surfaces of degree $5$ and $6$ over a field $K$ with a prescribed action of absolute Galois group $\text{Gal} ( K^{\text{sep}}/K)$ on the graph of $(-1)$-curves. Also we compute automorphism groups of del Pezzo surfaces of degree $5$ over arbitrary fields.
description: 14 pages, 1 figure, 1 table
From Darboux-Egorov system to bi-flat $F$-manifolds
Creators: name: Arsie, Alessandro
name: Lorenzoni, Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by the theory of integrable PDEs of hydrodynamic type and by the generalization of Dubrovin's duality in the framework of $F$-manifolds due to Manin [22], we consider a special class of $F$-manifolds, called bi-flat $F$-manifolds. A bi-flat $F$-manifold is given by the following data $(M, \nabla_1,\nabla_2,\circ,*,e,E)$, where $(M, \circ)$ is an $F$-manifold, $e$ is the identity of the product $\circ$, $\nabla_1$ is a flat connection compatible with $\circ$ and satisfying $\nabla_1 e=0$, while $E$ is an eventual identity giving rise to the dual product *, and $\nabla_2$ is a flat connection compatible with * and satisfying $\nabla_2 E=0$. Moreover, the two connections $\nabla_1$ and $\nabla_2$ are required to be hydrodynamically almost equivalent in the sense specified in [2]. First we show that, similarly to the way in which Frobenius manifolds are constructed starting from Darboux-Egorov systems, also bi-flat $F$-manifolds can be built from solutions of suitably augmented Darboux-Egorov systems, essentially dropping the requirement that the rotation coefficients are symmetric. Although any Frobenius manifold possesses automatically the structure of a bi-flat $F$-manifold, we show that the latter is a strictly larger class. In particular we study in some detail bi-flat $F$-manifolds in dimensions n=2, 3. For instance, we show that in dimension 3 bi-flat $F$-manifolds are parametrized by solutions of a two parameters Painlevé VI equation, admitting among its solutions hypergeometric functions. Finally we comment on some open problems of wide scope related to bi-flat $F$-manifolds.
description: 32 pages, eliminated a remark at the end of proof of Theorem 6.2
Student perspectives of learning goals for an undergraduate nursing class
Creators: name: Croxen, Hanneke
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Effective learning is associated with students’ awareness of the importance of learning goals. Currently, the student perspective is not well understood; it is believed there is a disconnect between faculty and students’ perceptions and value of learning goals. The University of British Columbia, School of Nursing, undergraduate leadership course offers students options: an interactive classroom approach (classroom group), or a combination of classroom and a quality and safety practice environment project (the Q&S group). Learning goal surveys at the beginning of the course and end of the course were conducted to gain an understanding of whether these pedagogical strategies were successful or not, with respect to completion of course learning goals from the student perspective. Focus groups with students from both options and observations of students in the learning environment were also conducted. Data showed that Q&S students who received inductive learning reported enhanced appreciation of learning and a deeper understanding of some course learning goals. However, those students in the classroom group (who received less inductive teaching and learning strategies) believed they received a broad understanding of the course content although maybe not as deeply as the Q&S students’ understanding of course content. This study can contribute to the body of knowledge related to nursing education. A pilot study was conducted during Fall semester 2008, and additional data was then collected through summer 2009. This thesis will describe the findings and demonstrate how learning goals can be an effective way for faculty to monitor and adapt courses to facilitate student learning outcomes.
An Evaluation of U.S. Grain Reserve Policy, 1977-80
Creators: name: Sharples, Jerry A.
name: Sharples, Jerry A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1982
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: Grain reserves
subject: farmer-owned reserve
subject: wheat
subject: corn
subject: policy

description: This report examines the costs and benefits of the U.S. grain reserve policy over its first 3 years. The policy, instituted in 1977, consisted of the farmer-owned reserve (FOR), new rules for releasing CCC-owned grain, and an expanded loan program to help farmers finance construction of grain storage facilities. During the years studied, the policy provided over $1 billion in incentives and payments to expand the quantity of grain stored in the United States. In return, the United States obtained more buffer stocks, more storage facilities, more Government control of the Nation's grain, and somewhat higher grain prices as the reserve accumulated.
title: Bridging Gaps, Empowering Communities: DataCite’s Ambassador Program
Creators: name: Mostafa, Mohamad
Publisher: name: DataCite
Year: 2023

description: DataCite is committed to fostering an inclusive and equitable research landscape, dedicated to enhancing accessibility and empowering underrepresented regions to fully leverage and benefit from our open infrastructure. In February 2023, we launched a Global Access Program (GAP) with support from the Chan Zuckerberg Initiative. The program has taken a comprehensive approach to partner with regional communities through outreach, infrastructure and funding activities.

To further our commitment, we are expanding our engagement with regional communities. We are excited to announce the launch of the DataCite Ambassador Program. This initiative creates a network of dedicated volunteers that raise awareness, increase adoption, foster collaboration, and promote best practices among local communities in countries where we don’t have much awareness. Ambassadors serve as advocates for DataCite’s mission and infrastructure and contribute to the advancement of open research practices.
Three Steps to Heaven: Semantic Publishing in a Real World Workflow
Creators: name: Lord, Phillip
name: Cockell, Simon
name: Stevens, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Semantic publishing offers the promise of computable papers, enriched visualisation and a realisation of the linked data ideal. In reality, however, the publication process contrives to prevent richer semantics while culminating in a `lumpen' PDF. In this paper, we discuss a web-first approach to publication, and describe a three-tiered approach which integrates with the existing authoring tooling. Critically, although it adds limited semantics, it does provide value to all the participants in the process: the author, the reader and the machine.
description: Published as part of SePublica 2012
Diclidophlebia crassiflagellata Burckhardt 1996
Creators: name: Burckhardt, Daniel
name: Queiroz, Dalva Luiz De
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Liviidae
Diclidophlebia
Diclidophlebia crassiflagellata

description: * Diclidophlebia crassiflagellata (Burckhardt, 1996)
Distribution. Paraguay.— Brazil: PR (ELEF, NHMB).
Host plant. Luehea paniculata (Malvaceae).
description: Published as part of Burckhardt, Daniel & Queiroz, Dalva Luiz De, 2012, Checklist and comments on the jumping plant-lice (Hemiptera: Psylloidea) from Brazil, pp. 26-48 in Zootaxa 3571 on page 36, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3571.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/208484
Correlated disorder in Kondo lattice
Creators: name: Dzero, Maxim
name: Huang, Xinyi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by recent experiments on disordered heavy-fermion materials, we study the effect of correlated disorder in Kondo lattice. Correlations between the impurities are considered at the two-particle level. We use mean-field theory approximation for the Anderson lattice model to calculate how the emergence of coherence in the Kondo lattice is impacted by correlations between impurities. We show that the rate at which disorder suppresses coherence temperature depends on the length of impurity correlations. As impurity concentration increases, we generally find that the suppression of coherence temperature is significantly reduced. The results are discussed in the context of available experimental data.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures
Das Internationale Seminar über die Theorie des Wellenwiderstandes von Schiffen
Creators: name: Weinblum, Georg
Publisher: name: TUHH Universitätsbibliothek
Year: 1963
Subjects: subject: Wellenwiderstand
classificationCode: 52.00
subject: Maschinenbau, Energietechnik, Fertigungstechnik: Allgemeines

description: Internationales Seminar über die Theorie des Wellenwiderstandes von Schiffen
Edmond Rogers Dissertation, Elucidating pathological correlations between traumatic brain injury and Alzheimer’s Disease
Creators: name: Rogers, Edmond
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biofabrication
Biomechanical engineering
Computational physiology
Neural engineering
Cell physiology

description: Traumatic Brain Injuries (TBI) are a major cause of disability and death in the United States. One of the greatest consequences of the disease is the resulting long-term damage, especially in milder injury cases where the damage is initially subclinical and thus lacking acutely observable manifestations that over time can compound significantly. Among these chronic issues, Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) is one of the most serious. While multiple studies demonstrate an increased likelihood of developing neurodegenerative diseases in response to TBI, the underlying mechanisms remain undefined and no current treatment options are available. Multiple hypotheses have been postulated based on various animal and clinical models, which have contributed a great deal to our current knowledge base and implicated several targets of interest in this pathway (i.g. oxidative stress, inflammation, disruptions in proteostasis). While extremely valuable, these in vivo procedures and analyses are physiologically and ethically complex: there is currently no model capable of separating and visualizing TBI-induced sub-cellular damage in the moments (seconds) immediately following injury, and the subsequent associated long-term changes (AD). In addition, no mechanistic study has been performed to link mechanical-trauma independently with neurodegeneration initiation via protein aggregation. It is clear that additional investigative tools are needed to rectify these intricate issues, and while in vitro methodologies generally offer the type of resolution required, no such model replicates these phenomena. Therefore, we introduce the “TBI-on-a-chip” in vitro concussive model, with a series of concomitant targeted-experiments to address this urgent, currently unmet need. This dissertation work describes the development of our cellular trauma model, featuring a multi-disciplinary approach that provides investigatory opportunities into cellular mechanics, molecular biology, functional alterations (electrophysiology), and morphology, in both primary and secondary injury. Utilizing this model, we directly observe evidence of impact-induced electrical/functional and biochemical consequences, in addition to isolating oxidative stress as a key, contributing component. Taken together, these collective efforts suggest that oxidative stress may be a viable target for both acute and chronic potential therapeutic interventions.
Electron-phonon scattering dynamics in ferromagnets on ultrafast timescales: Influence of the phonon temperature
Creators: name: Essert, Sven
name: Schneider, Hans Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The magnetization response of bulk ferromagnets after excitation by an ultrashort optical pulse is calculated using a dynamical model of the Elliott-Yafet type that includes the effects of the spin-orbit interaction in the ab-initio ferromagnetic band structure, the electron-phonon interaction at the level of Boltzmann scattering integrals, and dynamical changes in the temperature of the phonon bath. Using realistic parameters for the ultrashort optical pulse, the computed maximum magnetization quenching achievable with electron-phonon scattering in a fixed band structure is much smaller than the quenching observed in experiments. Heating of the phonon bath is found to not appreciably change the magnetization dynamics on ultrashort timescales.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, 56th Annual Conference on Magnetism and Magnetic Materials 2011, Scottsdale, AZ
O'TXO'R BALIQLAR UCHUN RYASKA (LIMNA) O'SIMLIGIDAN EKOLOGIK TOZA, ARZON VA TO'YIMLI OZUQA TAYYORLASH
Creators: name: Raxmonov, Vaxob
name: Xamroyev, Azimjon
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Ryaska baliqchilik fermer xo'jaliklari uchun kam harajatli texnologiya hisoblanib, ushbu texnologiya boshqa faoliyat turlarining chiqindilarini utilizatsiya qilgan holda katta sarf-harajatlarsiz qo'shimcha daromad manbaiga ega bo'lish imkonini beradi
Nonlinear coherent loss for generating non-classical states
Creators: name: Mikhalychev, A.
name: Mogilevtsev, D.
name: Kilin, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Here we discuss generation of non-classical states of bosonic mode with the help of artificially designed loss, namely the nonlinear coherent loss. We show how to generate superpositions of Fock states, and how it is possible to "comb" the initial states leaving only states with certain properties in the resulting superposition (for example, a generation of a superposition of Fock states with odd number of particles). We discuss purity of generated states and estimate maximal achievable generation fidelity.
Turnersuchus Wilberg & Godoy & Griffiths & Turner & Benson 2023, gen. nov.
Creators: name: Wilberg, Eric W.
name: Godoy, Pedro L.
name: Griffiths, Elizabeth F.
name: Turner, Alan H.
name: Benson, Roger B. J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Crocodylia
Teleosauridae
Turnersuchus

description: TURNERSUCHUS, gen. nov.
 Type Species — Turnersuchus hingleyae
 Etymology —After Paul Turner, who discovered and donated the initial block of the specimen and “suchus,” from the Latinized form of “soukhos,” Greek for crocodile.
 Diagnosis —As for the type species.
description: Published as part of Wilberg, Eric W., Godoy, Pedro L., Griffiths, Elizabeth F., Turner, Alan H. & Benson, Roger B. J., 2023, A new early diverging thalattosuchian (Crocodylomorpha) from the Early Jurassic (Pliensbachian) of Dorset, U. K. and implications for the origin and evolution of the group, pp. 1-23 in Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 42 (3) on page 3, DOI: 10.1080/02724634.2022.2161909, http://zenodo.org/record/7594138
title: Stability of Trajectories of Classical, Weakly Interacting Particles
Creators: name: Söhnen, Kajetan
Publisher: name: Universität Tübingen
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Mathematik , Physik , Teilchen
subject: 500
subject: 510
subject: 530
subject: Vlasov

description: The Vlasov-Poisson equation describes the macroscopic time evolution of a system with a large number of particles interacting by a force, typically Coulomb or gravitational force. Although the equation has established itself as a helpful tool yielding strong results, it still lacks a rigorous mathematical justification. So far, the mathematical results all either worked with a cut-off on the force, used a slightly weaker interaction all together, or assumed monokineticity of the initial data. In these settings, however, one was able to prove that the mean-field trajectories arising from the Vlasov-Poisson equation are typically a very good approximation for the real trajectories. In this paper we consider a similar set-up where we can build on these previous results to help us answer a new but related question. We consider a system of N initially i.i.d. particles with Coulomb interaction. If we move the initial position of one particle by a small δ in ℝ^6 in phase-space, what is the expected impact on the whole system in the time frame [0,T]? Due to the pair interaction, the effect is highly non-trivial. We prove that, under suitable conditions on the starting density and with a cut-off at approximately N^(-1/3), the system as a whole typically stays stable. More precisely, for all the particles that we did not disturb, the distance between the original trajectory and the trajectory in the disturbed system stays smaller than N^(-α)|δ|, for suitable α>0. This α>0 depends on whether the particle has a collision with another particle and on its distance to the disturbed particle. Depending on these characteristics, α takes on values between N^(-1/18+2σ) and N^(-1/3+2σ). The best estimates are obtained for particles that are far away from the disturbed particle and do not have a collision.
Instanton bundles on Fano threefolds
Creators: name: Kuznetsov, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We introduce the notion of an instanton bundle on a Fano threefold of index 2. For such bundles we give an analogue of a monadic description and discuss the curve of jumping lines. The cases of threefolds of degree 5 and 4 are considered in a greater detail.
description: 31 page, to appear in CEJM
Non-unique stationary solutions of forced SQG
Creators: name: Dai, Mimi
name: Peng, Qirui
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: We show the existence of non-unique stationary weak solutions for forced surface quasi-geostrophic (SQG) equation via a convex integration scheme. The scheme is implemented for the sum-difference system of two distinct solutions. Through this scheme, one observes the external forcing is naturally generated accompanying the flexibility in means of lack of unique-ness. It thus provides a transparent way to reveal the flexibility of the system with the presence of a forcing.
The Carina Project. V. The impact of NLTE effects on the iron content
Creators: name: Fabrizio, M.
name: Merle, T.
name: Thévenin, F.
name: Nonino, M.
name: Bono, G.
name: Stetson, P. B.
name: Ferraro, I.
name: Iannicola, G.
name: Monelli, M.
name: Walker, A. R.
name: Buonanno, R.
name: Caputo, F.
name: Corsi, C. E.
name: Dall'Ora, M.
name: Degl'Innocenti, S.
name: François, P.
name: Gilmozzi, R.
name: Marconi, M.
name: Pietrinferni, A.
name: Moroni, P. G. Prada
name: Primas, F.
name: Pulone, L.
name: Ripepi, V.
name: Romaniello, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have performed accurate iron abundance measurements for 44 red giants (RGs) in the Carina dwarf spheroidal (dSph) galaxy. We used archival, high-resolution spectra (R~38,000) collected with UVES at ESO/VLT either in slit mode (5) or in fiber mode (39, FLAMES/GIRAFFE-UVES). The sample is more than a factor of four larger than any previous spectroscopic investigation of stars in dSphs based on high-resolution (R>38,000) spectra. We did not impose the ionization equilibrium between neutral and singly-ionized iron lines. The effective temperatures and the surface gravities were estimated by fitting stellar isochrones in the V, B-V color-magnitude diagram. To measure the iron abundance of individual lines we applied the LTE spectrum synthesis fitting method using MARCS model atmospheres of appropriate metallicity. We found evidence of NLTE effects between neutral and singly-ionized iron abundances. Assuming that the FeII abundances are minimally affected by NLTE effects, we corrected the FeI stellar abundances using a linear fit between FeI and FeII stellar abundance determinations. We found that the Carina metallicity distribution based on the corrected FeI abundances (44 RGs) has a weighted mean metallicity of [Fe/H]=-1.80 and a weighted standard deviation of sigma=0.24 dex. The Carina metallicity distribution based on the FeII abundances (27 RGs) gives similar estimates ([Fe/H]=-1.72, sigma=0.24 dex). The current weighted mean metallicities are slightly more metal poor when compared with similar estimates available in the literature. Furthermore, if we restrict our analysis to stars with the most accurate iron abundances, ~20 FeI and at least three FeII measurements (15 stars), we found that the range in iron abundances covered by Carina RGs (~1 dex) agrees quite well with similar estimates based on high-resolution spectra.
description: Accepted for publication in PASP, 16 pages, 7 figures, 3 tables, 1 MR table Note: the electronic version of Table1 is included, but commented, in the tex file
Urinary Symptoms are Unrelated to Dipstick Findings in Indwelling Catheter Users: Supplemental Material
Creators: name: Rounds, Amanda
name: Frost, Jamie
name: Tractenberg, Rochelle
name: Navia, Herminio
name: Pham, Cynthia
name: Ljungberg, Inger
name: Groah, Suzanne
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Diseases
subject: 110904 Neurology and Neuromuscular Diseases
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 110312 Nephrology and Urology

description: Urinary Symptoms are Unrelated to Dipstick Findings in Indwelling Catheter Users: Supplemental Material. This supplemental material includes:
1A and 1B: No matter how a positive leukocyte esterase is defined, there is no evidence that symptoms of bladder function or urine quality co-occur with positive leukocyte esterase or positive nitrite on a dipstick.
Table 1: Ratios to assess association between "negative dipstick" and asymptomatic profile. Regardless of varying definitions of a negative dipstick, symptoms and symptom profiles were not associated with a negative dipstick.
On the Prospects for Laser Cooling of TlF
Creators: name: Hunter, L. R.
name: Peck, S. K.
name: Greenspon, A. S.
name: Alam, S. Saad
name: DeMille, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We measure the upper state lifetime and two ratios of vibrational branching fractions f_{v'v} on the B^{3}Π_{1}(v') - X^{1}Σ^{+}(v) transition of TlF. We find the B state lifetime to be 99(9) ns. We also determine that the off-diagonal vibrational decays are highly suppressed: f_{01}/f_{00} < 2x10^{-4} and f_{02}/f_{00} = 1.10(6)%, in excellent agreement with their predicted values of f_{01}/f_{00} < 8x10^{-4} and f_{02}/f_{00} = 1.0(2)% based on Franck-Condon factors calculated using Morse and RKR potentials. The implications of these results for the possible laser cooling of TlF and fundamental symmetries experiments are discussed.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures
Hadron Mass Spectrum and the Shear Viscosity to Entropy Density Ratio of Hot Hadronic Matter
Creators: name: Noronha-Hostler, Jacquelyn
name: Noronha, Jorge
name: Greiner, Carsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Lattice calculations of the QCD trace anomaly at temperatures $T<160$ MeV have been shown to match hadron resonance gas model calculations, which include an exponentially rising hadron mass spectrum. In this paper we perform a more detailed comparison of the model calculations to lattice data that confirms the need for an exponentially increasing density of hadronic states. Also, we find that the lattice data is compatible with a hadron density of states that goes as $ρ(m) \sim m^{-a}\exp(m/T_H) $ at large $m$ with $a> 5/2$ (where $T_H \sim 167$ MeV). With this specific subleading contribution to the density of states, heavy resonances are most likely undergo 2-body decay (instead of multi-particle decay), which facilitates their inclusion into hadron transport codes. Moreover, estimates for the shear viscosity and the shear relaxation time coefficient of the hadron resonance model computed within the excluded volume approximation suggest that these transport coefficients are sensitive to the parameters that define the hadron mass spectrum.
description: 16 pages, 12 figures
Meta-Auto-Decoder: A Meta-Learning Based Reduced Order Model for Solving Parametric Partial Differential Equations
Creators: name: Ye, Zhanhong
name: Huang, Xiang
name: Liu, Hongsheng
name: Dong, Bin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 68T07

description: Many important problems in science and engineering require solving the so-called parametric partial differential equations (PDEs), i.e., PDEs with different physical parameters, boundary conditions, shapes of computational domains, etc. Typical reduced order modeling techniques accelarate solution of the parametric PDEs by projecting them onto a linear trial manifold constructed in the offline stage. These methods often need a predefined mesh as well as a series of precomputed solution snapshots, andmay struggle to balance between efficiency and accuracy due to the limitation of the linear ansatz. Utilizing the nonlinear representation of neural networks, we propose Meta-Auto-Decoder (MAD) to construct a nonlinear trial manifold, whose best possible performance is measured theoretically by the decoder width. Based on the meta-learning concept, the trial manifold can be learned in a mesh-free and unsupervised way during the pre-training stage. Fast adaptation to new (possibly heterogeneous) PDE parameters is enabled by searching on this trial manifold, and optionally fine-tuning the trial manifold at the same time. Extensive numerical experiments show that the MAD method exhibits faster convergence speed without losing accuracy than other deep learning-based methods.
title: Computational Methods in Top-down Proteomics
Creators: name: Kim, Jihyung
Publisher: name: Universität Tübingen
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Proteomanalyse , Bioinformatik , Massenspektrometrie
subject: 000
subject: 004
subject: 570
subject: Proteomics
subject: Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Computational Mass Spectrometry

description: The study of proteoforms, distinct molecular forms of a protein, is a key to understanding the complexity of biological systems and their underlying molecular mechanisms. For the analysis of proteoforms, top-down proteomics (TDP) based on mass spectrometry (MS) is currently the most powerful analysis technology. It allows intact proteoforms to be directly measured and characterized, preventing loss of information compared to the conventional bottom-up approach. Still, quantitative TDP measurement is an ongoing challenge. Accurate quantification of individual proteoforms is a critical step in identifying alterations in the proteome under various biological conditions. Several quantitative experiment methods for TDP have been introduced, but they still face significant challenges, especially data analysis methods. In this thesis, we introduce several algorithms to tackle data analysis problems in quantitative TDP. Firstly, as deconvolution is a key first step in TDP data analysis to alleviate the complexity of MS signals in TDP, FLASHDeconv was developed. It is an algorithm for fast and robust spectral deconvolution, employing the novel idea of mass spectra transformation for decharging. FLASHDeconv promises not only unprecedented runtime but also more genuine deconvolution results compared to existing methods. As FLASHDeconv paved the way for further data analysis steps, FLASHQuant was developed to specifically contribute to quantifying proteoform in a fast and accurate manner. Using a key algorithm of FLASHDeconv allows FLASHQuant to find proteoform features rapidly, and then coeluting proteoforms are resolved and quantified, providing accurate quantification results. Moreover, FLASHQuant showed highly reproducible quantification in both a simple targeted protein dataset and a complex proteome-level dataset. To satisfy the strong need for a graphical user interface to visualize results from FLASHDeconv and FLASHQuant, we implemented FLASHViewer. It is a web application for visualizing deconvolved or quantified signals. To accommodate the diverse usage for both tools, informative plots are modularized to enable configurable layouts. All algorithms discussed in this thesis were developed and implemented based on OpenMS, an open-source platform for computational mass spectrometry. As a part of the OpenMS community, the developed tools are all publicly available and platform-independent.
Ejection and Capture Dynamics in Restricted Three-Body Encounters
Creators: name: Kobayashi, Shiho
name: Hainick, Yanir
name: Sari, Re'em
name: Rossi, Elena M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the tidal disruption of binaries by a massive point mass (e.g. the black hole at the Galactic center), and we discuss how the ejection and capture preference between unequal-mass binary members depends on which orbit they approach the massive object. We show that the restricted three-body approximation provides a simple and clear description of the dynamics. The orbit of a binary with mass m around a massive object M should be almost parabolic with an eccentricity |1-e| < (m/M)^{1/3} << 1 for a member to be captured, while the other is ejected. Indeed, the energy change of the members obtained for a parabolic orbit can be used to describe non-parabolic cases. If a binary has an encounter velocity much larger than (M/m)^{1/3} times the binary rotation velocity, it would be abruptly disrupted, and the energy change at the encounter can be evaluated in a simple disruption model. We evaluate the probability distributions for the ejection and capture of circular binary members and for the final energies. In principle, for any hyperbolic (elliptic) orbit, the heavier member has more chance to be ejected (captured), because it carries a larger fraction of the orbital energy. However, if the orbital energy is close to zero, the difference between the two members becomes small, and there is practically no ejection and capture preference. The preference becomes significant when the orbital energy is comparable to the typical energy change at the encounter. We discuss its implications to hypervelocity stars and irregular satellites around giant planets.
description: 25 pages, 5 figures. Accepted for publication in ApJ
Assessing Externalities: Surveillance and Resistance
Creators: name: Doudaki, Vaia
name: Kompatsiaris, Panos
name: Boshnakova, Dessislava
name: Ingebretsen Carlson, Jim
name: Clares Gavilán, Judith
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: This deliverable focusses on the thematic area of surveillance and resistance to surveillance, through digital platforms, in Europe. It consists of three main sections. The first section has two parts. Part-one presents a theoretical reflection on surveillance and resistance to surveillance, addressing the interdisciplinary field of surveillance studies. This theoretical reflection elaborates on the multitude of approaches to and definitions of surveillance/resistance, presents the main actors, practices and technologies of surveillance/resistance, and further explores political, cultural and social aspects and dimensions of surveillance/resistance, as they are addressed in the international academic literature. Par-two of the first section includes a brief presentation of practices of digital surveillance/resistance in Europe, in specific areas, pertinent to the EUMEPLAT project, namely, economy, migration, gender, health and the environment.
The second section of this deliverable reflects on the research conducted within the EUMEPLAT project and its relevance for surveillance/resistance. This reflective and reflexive part scrutinises the research, data and analyses produced as part of the first four EUMEPLAT work package deliverables (WP1-WP4), and identifies a series of issues, dimensions and debates, pertaining to surveillance/resistance, facilitated through communication and media platforms in Europe.
The third section, which has a future-oriented focus, involves future scenario development and analysis, concerning surveillance/resistance, enabled through communication and media platforms in Europe. Even if the scenarios are fictional and for this reason a number of these scenarios were not considered by their creators as likely to materialise, still, they are highly relevant as they encapsulate visions –that is, hopes and fears– about societies and about Europe. Hence, this section presents the findings of the scenario analysis, by focussing on the scenario creators' visions about the future, without engaging in evaluative judgements about how these creators imagine the future, but by exploring the underlying attitudes, assumptions and ideologies that inform these visions.
The three sections of this deliverable –theoretical elaboration, reflection on EUMEPLAT research, and future scenario development and analysis – allow to: a. deliver a condensed state of the art in surveillance studies, from a communication and media studies perspective, b. address a theoretically informed reflection concerning surveillance/resistance, through digital platforms, in Europe, as it appears in contemporary research (see EUMEPLAT WP 1-4), and c. sketch out future outlooks, in the specific area of study, examining how these visions of the future reflect main assumptions, fears and hopes about Europe.
The ribosome quality control factor Asc1 determines the fate of HSP70 mRNA on and off the ribosome
Creators: name: Alagar Boopathy, Lokha Ranjani
name: Beadle, Emma
name: Xiao, Alan RuoChen
name: Garcia-Bueno Rico, Aitana
name: Alecki, Celia
name: Garcia de-Andres, Irene
name: Edelmeier, Kyla
name: Lazzari, Luca
name: Amiri, Mehdi
name: Vera, Maria
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: HSP70
Ribosome quality control
mRNA stability
Codon optimality
Asc1

description: Cells survive harsh environmental conditions by potently upregulating molecular chaperones such as heat shock proteins (HSPs), particularly the inducible members of the HSP70 family. The life cycle of HSP70 mRNA in the cytoplasm is unique - it is translated during stress when most cellular mRNA translation is repressed and rapidly degraded upon recovery. Contrary to its 5′ untranslated region’s role in maximizing translation, we discovered that the HSP70 coding sequence (CDS) suppresses its translation via the ribosome quality control (RQC) mechanism. The CDS of the most inducible Saccharomyces cerevisiae HSP70 gene, SSA4, is uniquely enriched with low-frequency codons that promote ribosome stalling during heat stress. Stalled ribosomes are recognized by the RQC components Asc1p and Hel2p and two novel RQC components, the ribosomal proteins Rps28Ap and Rps19Bp. Surprisingly, RQC does not signal SSA4 mRNA degradation via No-Go-Decay. Instead, Asc1p destabilizes SSA4 mRNA during recovery from heat stress by a mechanism independent of ribosome binding and SSA4 codon optimality. Therefore, Asc1p operates in two pathways that converge to regulate the SSA4 mRNA life cycle during stress and recovery. Our research identifies Asc1p as a critical regulator of the stress response and RQC as the mechanism tuning HSP70 synthesis.
Photon detection by current-carrying superconducting film: A time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau approach
Creators: name: Zotova, A. N.
name: Vodolazov, D. Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study dynamics of the order parameter in a superconducting film with transport current after absorption of a single photon. The system from the time-dependent Ginszburg-Landau equation, Poisson's equation for an electrical potential and the heat diffusion equation was solved numerically. For each photon energy in the absence of fluctuations, there exists a corresponding threshold current below which the superconducting state is stable and no voltage appears between the ends of the film. At larger currents the superconducting state collapses starting from the appearance of a vortex-antivortex pair in the center of the region with suppressed superconducting order parameter which has been created by the absorbed photon. Lorentz force causes motion of these vortices that heats the film locally and gives rise to a normal domain. When biased with the fixed current, the film latches in the normal state. In the regime when current via superconductor may change, which is more relevant for experiments, the normal domain exists only for a short time resulting in the voltage pulse with the duration controlled by the kinetic inductance of the superconducting film.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures
Scouting the spectrum for interstellar travellers
Creators: name: Garcia-Escartin, Juan Carlos
name: Chamorro-Posada, Pedro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Popular Physics (physics.pop-ph)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Advanced civilizations capable of interstellar travel, if they exist, are likely to have advanced propulsion methods. Spaceships moving at high speeds would leave a particular signature which could be detected from Earth. We propose a search based on the properties of light reflecting from objects travelling at relativistic speeds. Based on the same principles, we also propose a simple interstellar beacon with a solar sail.
Solar- and Wind-Powered Irrigation Systems
Creators: name: Enochian, Robert V.
name: Enochian, Robert V.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1982
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Energy
subject: solar energy
subject: photovoltaics
subject: wind energy
subject: irrigation pumping

description: Five different direct solar and wind energy systems are technically feasible for powering irrigation pumps. However, with projected rates of fossil fuel costs, only two may produce significant unsubsidized energy for irrigation pumping before the turn of the century. These are photovoltaic systems with nonconcentrating collectors (providing that projected costs of manufacturing solar cells prove correct); and wind systems, especially in remote areas where adequate wind is available.
When is a Choice not a Choice? Pigeons Fail to Inhibit Incorrect Responses on a Go/No-Go Midsession Reversal Task
Creators: Neil McMillan, Christopher B. Sturdy & Marcia L. Spetch
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2015

In a two-stimulus visual discrimination choice task with a reversal in reward contingencies midway through each session, pigeons produce a surprising number of both anticipatory errors (i.e., responding to the second-correct stimulus before the reversal) and perseverative errors (i.e., responding to the first-correct stimulus after the reversal). Here we used a go/no-go version of the task to examine the degree to which these errors can be attributed to failure to inhibit incorrect responses near the reversal. We presented pigeons with either a green or red stimulus (randomized across trials), with pecks to one reinforced with food, and pecks to the other stimulus leading to a 10-s time-out; the reward vs. time-out contingencies reversed after 40 trials. Pigeons rarely withheld responses when reward was provided for pecking, but produced many incorrect pecks near the reversal. Subsequent experiments examined these errors with longer sessions and multiple reversals, as well as on choice tasks. Our results suggest that pigeons’ errors may be due to an inability to inhibit incorrect responses rather than a deliberate choice of the incorrect stimulus on simultaneous discrimination midsession reversal procedures. Results suggest that pigeons learned independent rules about the two stimuli, and that training with multiple reversals changed the rules that governed pigeons’ responding.
A critical evaluation of PCA detection of polarized signatures using real stellar data
Creators: name: Paletou, Frederic
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The general context of this study concerns the post-processing of multiline spectropolarimetric observations of stars, and in particular these numerical analysis techniques aiming at the detection and the characterization of polarized signatures. Hereafter, using real observational data, we compare and clarify a number of points concerning various methods of analysis. Indeed, simple line addition, least-squares deconvolution and denoising by principal component analysis have been applied, and compared to each other, to polarized stellar spectra available from the TBLegacy database of the Narval spectropolarimeter. Such a comparison between various approaches of distinct sophistication levels allows us to make a safe choice for the next implementation of on-line post-processing of our unique database for the stellar physics community.
description: 5 pages, 6 figures (accepted A&A; see also http://tblegacy.bagn.obs-mip.fr/)
Is there long-range memory in solar activity on time scales shorter than the sunspot period?
Creators: name: Rypdal, Martin
name: Rypdal, Kristoffer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The sunspot number (SSN), the total solar irradiance (TSI), a TSI reconstruction, and the solar flare index (SFI), are analyzed for long-range persistence (LRP). Standard Hurst analysis yields $H \approx 0.9$, which suggests strong LRP. However, solar activity time series are non-stationary due to the almost periodic 11 year smooth component, and the analysis does not give the correct $H$ for the stochastic component. Better estimates are obtained by detrended fluctuations analysis (DFA), but estimates are biased and errors are large due to the short time records. These time series can be modeled as a stochastic process of the form $x(t)=y(t)+σ\sqrt{y(t)}\, w_H(t)$, where $y(t)$ is the smooth component, and $w_H(t) $ is a stationary fractional noise with Hurst exponent $H$. From ensembles of numerical solutions to the stochastic model, and application of Bayes' theorem, we can obtain bias and error bars on $H$ and also a test of the hypothesis that a process is uncorrelated ($H=1/2$). The conclusions from the present data sets are that SSN, TSI and TSI reconstruction almost certainly are long-range persistent, but with most probable value $H\approx 0.7$. The SFI process, however, is either very weakly persistent ($H<0.6$) or completely uncorrelated. Some differences between stochastic properties of the TSI and its reconstruction indicate some error in the reconstruction scheme.
description: 23 pages, 12 figures
Masquerades of self-erasure : pornography and corporeal memory in Liliana Cavani's The Night Porter
Creators: name: Krautheim, Graeme
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: In this thesis, I am utilizing Liliana Cavani’s controversial 1974 film The Night Porter to acknowledge the significance of pornography in historical representation and memory work as related to the Holocaust. I will discuss the importance of representations rooted in the corporeal and relegated to the obscene and argue that the term pornography is used in academic, political and popular circumstances to attack texts that disrupt or threaten a dominant, pre-existing understanding of the world. Having been largely misunderstood for the last three decades (and criticized by major scholars, including Michel Foucault, Susan Sontag and Primo Levi), Ii Night Porter uses the languages of pornography and masochism to initiate a forceful historical dialogue that calls for a re-evaluation of the criteria used to gage and evaluate the past. The Night Porter argues that culture consoles itself in simplistic, “moral” readings of history. It subsequently attacks the concept of post-Holocaust redemption and issues related to the reassurances of redemptive logic with which culture has long kept itself warm. I propose pornography to be disruptive when placed alongside historical representation because it gestures to historical dialogues that dominant discourses are fearful of having. The film is complicated further by the fact that it was marketed, not as contemplative art cinema, but as kinky pornography by its American distributor. The Night Porter however, comes with even more problematic implications, including a cycle of low-rent sexploitation films that depict sensationalized and inept representations of concentration camps. The most notorious examples are Gestapo’s Last Orgy and SS Experiment Love Camp — ripoffs of The Night Porter that, until recently, have been banned or otherwise unavailable. My discussion of pornography and the obscene is complicated by Nazi sexploitation insofar that they follow the same narrative trajectory as The Night Porter, but carry with them very different ontological implications. I will conclude my thesis with an examination of these films in an effort to acknowledge the pornographic as a cultural necessity with regard to engaging in dialogue with, and reconciling, history.