cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Characterisation of Laser Wakefield Acceleration Efficiency with Octave Spanning Near-IR Spectrum Measurements
Creators: name: Streeter, M. J. V.
name: Ma, Y.
name: Kettle, B.
name: Dann, S. J. D.
name: Gerstmayr, E.
name: Albert, F.
name: Bourgeois, N.
name: Cipiccia, S.
name: Cole, J. M.
name: González, I. Gallardo
name: Hussein, A. E.
name: Jaroszynski, D. A.
name: Falk, K.
name: Krushelnick, K.
name: Lemos, N.
name: Lopes, N. C.
name: Lumsdon, C.
name: Lundh, O.
name: Mangles, S. P. D.
name: Najmudin, Z.
name: Rajeev, P. P.
name: Sandberg, R.
name: Shahzad, M.
name: Smid, M.
name: Spesyvtsev, R.
name: Symes, D. R.
name: Vieux, G.
name: Thomas, A. G. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on experimental measurements of energy transfer efficiencies in a GeV-class laser wakefield accelerator. Both the transfer of energy from the laser to the plasma wakefield, and from the plasma to the accelerated electron beam were diagnosed by simultaneous measurement of the deceleration of laser photons and the acceleration of electrons as a function of plasma length. The extraction efficiency, which we define as the ratio of the energy gained by the electron beam to the energy lost by the self-guided laser mode, was maximised at $19\pm3$\% by tuning of the plasma density and length. The additional information provided by the octave-spanning laser spectrum measurement allows for independent optimisation of the plasma efficiency terms, which is required for the key goal of improving the overall efficiency of laser wakefield accelerators.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures plus supplementary materials
Interferometric Quantum Cascade Systems
Creators: name: Cusumano, Stefano
name: Mari, Andrea
name: Giovannetti, Vittorio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we consider quantum cascade networks in which quantum systems are connected through unidirectional channels that can mutually interact giving rise to interference effects. In particular we show how to compute master equations for cascade systems in an arbitrary interferometric configuration by means of a collisional model. We apply our general theory to two specific examples: the first consists in two systems arranged in a Mach-Zender-like configuration; the second is a three system network where it is possible to tune the effective chiral interactions between the nodes exploiting interference effects.
description: 15 pages, 5 figures
Cuestionario LIDPED
Creators: name: Navarro-Granados, María
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Cuestionario de elaboración propia utilizado en los siguientes artículos:

LLORENT-BEDMAR, V., COBANO-DELGADO, V. & NAVARRO-GRANADOS, M. (2017). Liderazgo pedagógico y dirección escolar en contextos desfavorecidos. Revista Española de Pedagogía, LXXV, nº. 268, pp. 541-564. Editorial: Universidad Internacional de La Rioja. País de publicación: España. ISSN: 0034-9461. ISSNe: 2174-0909.

LLORENT-BEDMAR, V., COBANO-DELGADO, V. & NAVARRO-GRANADOS, M. (2019). School leadership in disadvantaged contexts in Spain. Obstacles and improvements. Educational Management Administration & Leadership, 47(1), pp. 147-164. https://doi.org/10.1177/1741143217728084. Editorial: SAGE. País de publicación: England. ISSN: 1741-1432.  ISSNe: 1741-1440.

Este instrumento ha sido validado y puede utilizarse en otras investigaciones que pretendan analizar el liderazgo pedagócico de los directores en centros de difícil desempeño.
On the response of a star cluster to a tidal perturbation
Creators: name: Martinez-Medina, Luis A.
name: Gieles, Mark
name: Gnedin, Oleg Y.
name: Li, Hui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the response of star clusters to individual tidal perturbations using controlled $N$-body simulations. We consider perturbations by a moving point mass and by a disc, and vary the duration of the perturbation as well as the cluster density profile. For fast perturbations (i.e. `shocks'), the cluster gains energy in agreement with theoretical predictions in the impulsive limit. For slow disc perturbations, the energy gain is lower, and this has previously been attributed to adiabatic damping. However, the energy gain due to slow perturbations by a point-mass is similar to, or larger than that due to fast shocks, which is not expected because adiabatic damping should be almost independent of the nature of the tides. We show that the geometric distortion of the cluster during slow perturbations is of comparable importance for the energy gain as adiabatic damping, and that the combined effect can qualitatively explain the results. The half-mass radius of the bound stars after a shock increases up to $\sim$7\% for low-concentration clusters, and decreases $\sim$3\% for the most concentrated ones. The fractional mass loss is a non-linear function of the energy gain, and depends on the nature of the tides and most strongly on the cluster density profile, making semi-analytic model predictions for cluster lifetimes extremely sensitive to the adopted density profile.
description: 13 pages, 15 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Relativistic effects in the non-resonant two-photon K-shell ionization of neutral atoms
Creators: name: Hofbrucker, Jiri
name: Volotka, Andrey V.
name: Fritzsche, Stephan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Relativistic effects in the non-resonant two-photon K-shell ionization of neutral atoms are studied theoretically within the framework of second-order perturbation theory. The non-relativistic results are compared with the relativistic calculations in the dipole and no-pair approximations as well as with the complete relativistic approach. The calculations are performed in both velocity and length gauges. Our results show a significant decrease of the total cross section for heavy atoms as compared to the non-relativistic treatment, which is mainly due to the relativistic wavefunction contraction. The effects of higher multipoles and negative continuum energy states counteract the relativistic contraction contribution, but are generally much weaker. While the effects beyond the dipole approximation are equally important in both gauges, the inclusion of negative continuum energy states visibly contributes to the total cross section only in the velocity gauge.
Smooth classification of locally standard $T^k$-manifolds
Creators: name: Wiemeler, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study locally standard $T^k$-manifolds $M$. In particular, we study the case where there is a continuous section to the orbit map $π: M \rightarrow M/T$. We give a classification of $T^k$-manifolds satisfying these conditions up to equivariant diffeomorphism.
description: 8 pages, to appear in Osaka J. Math
Holonomy and inverse-triad corrections in spherical models coupled to matter
Creators: name: Alonso-Bardaji, Asier
name: Brizuela, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Loop quantum gravity introduces two characteristic modifications in the classical constraints of general relativity: the holonomy and inverse-triad corrections. In this paper, a systematic construction of anomaly-free effective constraints encoding such corrections is developed for spherically symmetric spacetimes. The starting point of the analysis is a generic Hamiltonian constraint where free functions of the triad and curvature components as well as non-minimal couplings between geometric and matter degrees of freedom are considered. Then, the requirement of anomaly freedom is imposed in order to obtain a modified Hamiltonian that forms a first-class algebra. In this way, we construct a family of consistent deformations of spherical general relativity, which generalizes previous results in the literature. The discussed derivation is implemented for vacuum as well as for two matter models: dust and scalar field. Nonetheless, only the deformed vacuum model admits free functions of the connection components. Therefore, under the present assumptions, we conclude that holonomy corrections are not allowed in the presence of these matter fields.
Principal bundles on 2-dimensional CW-complexes with disconnected structure group
Creators: name: Oliveira, André
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Given any topological group $G$, the topological classification of principal $G$-bundles over a finite CW-complex $X$ is long-known to be given by the set of free homotopy classes of maps from $X$ to the corresponding classifying space $BG$. This classical result has been long-used to provide such classification in terms of explicit characteristic classes. However, even when $X$ has dimension $2$, it seems there is a case in which such explicit classification has not been explicitly considered. This is the case where $G$ is a Lie group, whose group of components acts non-trivially on its fundamental group $π_1G$. In this note we deal with this case by obtaining the classification, in terms of characteristic classes, of principal $G$-bundles over a finite CW-complex of dimension $2$, with $G$ is a Lie group such that $π_0G$ is abelian.
description: Minor changes. Accepted for publication at Glasgow Mathematical Journal
Renormalization of SU(2) Yang-Mills theory with Flow Equations
Creators: name: Efremov, Alexander N.
name: Guida, Riccardo
name: Kopper, Christoph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We give a proof of perturbative renormalizability of SU(2) Yang--Mills theory in four-dimensional Euclidean space which is based on the Flow Equations of the renormalization group. The main motivation is to present a proof which does not make appear mathematically undefined objects (as for example dimensionally regularized generating functionals), which permits to parametrize the theory in terms of {\it physical} renormalization conditions, and which allows to control the singularities of the correlation functions of the theory in the infrared domain. Thus a large part of the proof is dedicated to bounds on massless correlation functions.
description: 97 pages
24.1_06 - Documentation : photographies données par les informateurs
Creators: name: Musée National Des Arts Et Traditions Populaires (Paris)
name: Centre D'ethnologie Française
Publisher: name: École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales; Institut  interdisciplinaire d'anthropologie du contemporain (Paris); Laboratoire d'anthropologie et d'histoire de l'institution de la culture (Paris)
Year: 2022

Abstract
Additional file 1 of The Data Artifacts Glossary: a community-based repository for bias on health datasets
Creators: name: Gameiro, Rodrigo R.
name: Woite, Naira Link
name: Sauer, Christopher M.
name: Hao, Sicheng
name: Fernandes, Chrystinne Oliveira
name: Premo, Anna E.
name: Teixeira, Alice Rangel
name: Resli, Isabelle
name: Wong, An-Kwok Ian
name: Celi, Leo Anthony
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1.
Non-existence of natural states for Abelian Chern-Simons theory
Creators: name: Dappiaggi, Claudio
name: Murro, Simone
name: Schenkel, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We give an elementary proof that Abelian Chern-Simons theory, described as a functor from oriented surfaces to C*-algebras, does not admit a natural state. Non-existence of natural states is thus not only a phenomenon of quantum field theories on Lorentzian manifolds, but also of topological quantum field theories formulated in the algebraic approach.
description: v2: 7 pages; Final version published in Journal of Geometry and Physics
Fairness over time in dynamic resource allocation with an application in Healthcare
Creators: name: Lodi, Andrea
name: Olivier, Philippe
name: Pesant, Gilles
name: Sankaranarayanan, Sriram
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Decision making problems are typically concerned with maximizing efficiency. In contrast, we address problems where there are multiple stakeholders and a centralized decision maker who is obliged to decide in a fair manner. Different decisions give different utility to each stakeholder. In cases where these decisions are made repeatedly, we provide efficient mathematical programming formulations to identify both the maximum fairness possible and the decisions that improve fairness over time, for reasonable metrics of fairness. We apply this framework to the problem of ambulance allocation, where decisions in consecutive rounds are constrained. With this additional complexity, we prove structural results on identifying fair feasible allocation policies and provide a hybrid algorithm with column generation and constraint programming-based solution techniques for this class of problems. Computational experiments show that our method can solve these problems orders of magnitude faster than a naive approach.
Response to sudden surge in human movement by an urban-adapted animal
Creators: name: Bhattacharjee, Debottam
name: Bhadra, Anindita
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Interaction with its immediate environment determines the ecology of an organism. Species present in any habitat, wild or urban, may face extreme pressure due to sudden perturbations. When such disturbances are unpredictable, it becomes more challenging to tackle. Implementation of specific strategies is therefore essential for different species to overcome adverse situations. Numerous biotic and abiotic factors can alter the dynamics of a species. Anthropogenic disturbance is one such factor that has considerable implications and also the potential to impact species living in the proximity of human habitats. We investigated the response of an urban adapted species to a sudden surge in human footfall or overcrowding. Dogs (Canis lupus familiaris) living freely in the streets of developing countries experience tremendous anthropogenic pressure. It is known that human movement in an area can predict the behaviour of these dogs by largely influencing their personalities. In the current study, we observed a strong effect of high and sudden human footfall on the abundance and behavioural activity of dogs. A decline in both the abundance of dogs and behavioural activities was seen with the increase in human movement. Further investigation over a restricted temporal scale revealed reinstated behavioural activity but non-restoration of population abundance. This provides important evidence on the extent to which humans influence the behaviour of free-ranging dogs in urban environments.
description: 1 figure
Adequacy of time-series reduction for renewable energy systems
Creators: name: Göke, Leonard
name: Kendziorski, Mario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Economics (econ.GN)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: To reduce computational complexity, macro-energy system models commonly implement reduced time-series data. For renewable energy systems dependent on seasonal storage and characterized by intermittent renewables, like wind and solar, adequacy of time-series reduction is in question. Using a capacity expansion model, we evaluate different methods for creating and implementing reduced time-series regarding loss of load and system costs. Results show that adequacy greatly depends on the length of the reduced time-series and how it is implemented into the model. Implementation as a chronological sequence with re-scaled time-steps prevents loss of load best but imposes a positive bias on seasonal storage resulting in an overestimation of system costs. Compared to chronological sequences, grouped periods require more time so solve for the same number of time-steps, because the approach requires additional variables and constraints. Overall, results suggest further efforts to improve time-series reduction and other methods for reducing computational complexity.
Additional file 1 of Political economy analysis of health financing reforms in times of crisis: findings from three case studies in south-east Asia
Creators: name: Witter, Sophie
name: Bertone, Maria Paola
name: Baral, Sushil
name: Gautam, Ghanshyam
name: Pratap, Saugat K. C.
name: Pholpark, Aungsumalee
name: Saputri, Nurmala Selly
name: Darmawan, Arif Budi
name: Toyamah, Nina
name: Fillaili, Rizki
name: de Oliveira Cruz, Valeria
name: Sparkes, Susan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 1
Mean-stable surfaces in Static Einstein-Maxwell theory
Creators: name: Leandro, Benedito
name: Coutinho, Fernando
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper we use the theory of mean-stable surfaces (stable minimal surfaces included) to explore the static Einstein-Maxwell space-time. We first prove that the zero set of the lapse function must be contained in the horizon boundary. Then, we explore some implications of it providing some results of nonexistence of stable minimal surfaces in the interior of an electrostatic space, subject to a certain initial boundary data. We finish by proving that the ADM mass is bounded from above by the Hawking quasi-local mass.
Open charm-bottom axial-vector tetraquarks and their properties
Creators: name: Agaev, S. S.
name: Azizi, K.
name: Sundu, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The charged axial-vector $J^{P}=1^{+}$ tetraquarks $Z_{q}=[cq][\bar {b} \bar q ]$ and $Z_{s}=[cs][\bar {b} \bar s]$ with the open charm-bottom contents are studied in the diquark-antidiquark model. The masses and meson-current couplings of these states are calculated by employing QCD two-point sum rule approach, where the quark, gluon and mixed condensates up to eight dimensions are taken into account. These parameters of the tetraquark states $ Z_{q}$ and $Z_{s}$ are used to analyze the vertices $Z_q B_c ρ$ and $Z_s B_c ϕ$ to determine the strong $g_{Z_qB_c ρ}$ and $g_{Z_sB_c ϕ}$ couplings. For these purposes, QCD light-cone sum rule method and its soft-meson approximation are utilized. The couplings $g_{Z_qB_c ρ}$ and $ g_{Z_sB_c ϕ}$, extracted from this analysis, are applied for evaluating of the strong $Z_q \to B_c ρ$ and $Z_s \to B_c ϕ$ decays' widths, which are essential results of the present investigation. Our predictions for the masses of the $Z_{q}$ and $Z_{s}$ states are confronted with similar results available in the literature.
description: 11 Pages, 5 Figures and 3 Tables
Uncrowding algorithm for hook-valued tableaux
Creators: name: Pan, Jianping
name: Pappe, Joseph
name: Poh, Wencin
name: Schilling, Anne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 05E05, 05E10, Secondary 14N10, 14N15, 20G42

description: Whereas set-valued tableaux are the combinatorial objects associated to stable Grothendieck polynomials, hook-valued tableaux are associated to stable canonical Grothendieck polynomials. In this paper, we define a novel uncrowding algorithm for hook-valued tableaux. The algorithm "uncrowds" the entries in the arm of the hooks and yields a set-valued tableau and a column-flagged increasing tableau. We prove that our uncrowding algorithm intertwines with crystal operators. An alternative uncrowding algorithm that "uncrowds" the entries in the leg instead of the arm of the hooks is also given. As an application of uncrowding, we obtain various expansions of the canonical Grothendieck polynomials.
description: 32 pages; v2: minor changes
Canonical embeddings of pairs of arcs
Creators: name: Bonk, Mario
name: Eremenko, Alexandre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 30F45, 60J67, 81T40

description: We show that for given four points in the Riemann sphere and a given isotopy class of two disjoint arcs connecting these points in two pairs, there exists a unique configuration with the property that each arc is a hyperbolic geodesic segment in the complement of the other arc.
description: 7 pages
Games and Scott sentences for positive distances between metric structures
Creators: name: Hirvonen, Åsa
name: Puljujärvi, Joni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 03C66, 03C75

description: We develop various Ehrenfeucht-Fra\"ıssé games for distances between metric structures. We study two forms of distances: pseudometrics stemming from mapping spaces onto each other with some form of approximate isomorphism, and metrics stemming from measuring the distances between two spaces isometrically embedded into a third space. Using an infinitary version of Henson's positive bounded logic with approximations, we form Scott sentences capturing fixed distances to a given space. The Scott sentences of separable spaces are in $\mathcal{L}_{ω_1ω}$ for 0-distances and in $\mathcal{L}_{ω_2ω}$ for positive distances.
description: This is a generalization of the previous version, based on ideas inspired by other papers on the subject and referee feedback
Cuestionario ISLAM
Creators: name: Navarro Granados, María
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Este cuestionario validado, permite conocer la opinión de la comunidad musulmana en España sobre distintos aspectos: discriminación, religiosidad, injusticia grupal percibida, opinión sobre el terrorismo de inspiración islámica y medidas socioeducativas preventivas.

Se utiliza en el siguiente estudio:

NAVARRO-GRANADOS, M. & LLORENT-BEDMAR, V. 2022. The Spanish muslim community’s views on terrorism in the name of Islam and perceived discrimination: Socio-educational measures. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 89, 166-182. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijintrel.2022.05.009. Editorial: PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD. País de publicación: USA. ISSN: 0147-1767. eISSN: 1873-7552.
Stellar Inventory of the Solar Neighborhood using Gaia DR1
Creators: name: Bovy, Jo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The absolute number and the density profiles of different types of stars in the solar neighborhood are a fundamental anchor for studies of the initial mass function, stellar evolution, and galactic structure. Using data from the Gaia DR1 Tycho-Gaia Astrometric Solution, we reconstruct Gaia's selection function and we determine Gaia's volume completeness, the local number density, and the vertical profiles of different spectral types along the main sequence from early A stars to late K stars as well as along the giant branch. We clearly detect the expected flattening of the stellar density profile near the mid-plane for all stellar types: All vertical profiles are well represented by sech^2 profiles, with scale heights ranging from ~50 pc for A stars to ~150 pc for G and K dwarfs and giants. We determine the luminosity function along the main sequence for M_V < 7 (M >~ $0.72 M_\odot$) and along the giant branch for M_J >~ -2.5. Converting this to a mass function, we find that the high-mass (M > $1\,M_\odot$) present-day mass function along the main sequence is d n / d M = 0.016 $(M/M_\odot)^{-4.7}$ stars/pc^3/$M_\odot$. Extrapolating below M = $0.72\,M_\odot$, we find a total mid-plane stellar density of 0.040+/-0.002 $M_\odot$/pc^3. Giants contribute 0.00039+/-0.00001 stars/pc^3 or about 0.00046+/-0.00005 $M_\odot$/pc^3. The star-formation rate surface density is Σ(t) = 7+/-1 exp(-t/[7+/-1 Gyr]) $M_\odot$/pc^2/Gyr. Overall, we find that Gaia DR1's selection biases are manageable and allow a detailed new inventory of the solar neighborhood to be made that agrees with and extends previous studies. This bodes well for mapping the Milky Way with the full Gaia data set.
description: TGAS selection-function code available at https://github.com/jobovy/gaia_tools, paper-specific code available at https://github.com/jobovy/tgas-completeness
The Work of Art in an Age of Mechanical Generation
Creators: name: Frank, Steven J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Can we define what it means to be "creative," and if so, can our definition drive artificial intelligence (AI) systems to feats of creativity indistinguishable from human efforts? This mixed question is considered from technological and social perspectives. Beginning with an exploration of the value we attach to authenticity in works of art, the article considers the ability of AI to detect forgeries of renowned paintings and, in so doing, somehow reveal the quiddity of a work of art. We conclude by considering whether evolving technical capability can revise traditional relationships among art, artist, and the market.
description: This is the author's final version; the article has been accepted for publication in Leonardo Journal
Re-identification of Individuals in Genomic Datasets Using Public Face Images
Creators: name: Venkatesaramani, Rajagopal
name: Malin, Bradley A.
name: Vorobeychik, Yevgeniy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: DNA sequencing is becoming increasingly commonplace, both in medical and direct-to-consumer settings. To promote discovery, collected genomic data is often de-identified and shared, either in public repositories, such as OpenSNP, or with researchers through access-controlled repositories. However, recent studies have suggested that genomic data can be effectively matched to high-resolution three-dimensional face images, which raises a concern that the increasingly ubiquitous public face images can be linked to shared genomic data, thereby re-identifying individuals in the genomic data. While these investigations illustrate the possibility of such an attack, they assume that those performing the linkage have access to extremely well-curated data. Given that this is unlikely to be the case in practice, it calls into question the pragmatic nature of the attack. As such, we systematically study this re-identification risk from two perspectives: first, we investigate how successful such linkage attacks can be when real face images are used, and second, we consider how we can empower individuals to have better control over the associated re-identification risk. We observe that the true risk of re-identification is likely substantially smaller for most individuals than prior literature suggests. In addition, we demonstrate that the addition of a small amount of carefully crafted noise to images can enable a controlled trade-off between re-identification success and the quality of shared images, with risk typically significantly lowered even with noise that is imperceptible to humans.
Two Dimensional Riemann Problems for the Nonlinear Wave System: Rarefaction Wave Interactions
Creators: name: Kim, Eun Heui
name: Tsikkou, Charis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We analyze rarefaction wave interactions of self-similar transonic irrotational flow in gas dynamics for the two dimensional Riemann problems. We establish the existence result of the supersonic solution to the prototype nonlinear wave system for the sectorial Riemann data, and study the formation of the sonic boundary and the transonic shock. The transition from the sonic boundary to the shock boundary inherits at least two types of degeneracies (1) the system is sonic, and in addition (2) the angular derivative of the solution becomes zero where the sonic and shock boundaries meet.
description: 36 pages
Circuit Complexity From Supersymmetric Quantum Field Theory With Morse Function
Creators: name: Choudhury, Sayantan
name: Selvam, Sachin Panneer
name: Shirish, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Computation of circuit complexity has gained much attention in the Theoretical Physics community in recent times to gain insights into the chaotic features and random fluctuations of fields in the quantum regime. Recent studies of circuit complexity take inspiration from Nielsen's geometric approach, which is based on the idea of optimal quantum control in which a cost function is introduced for the various possible path to determine the optimum circuit. In this paper, we study the relationship between the circuit complexity and Morse theory within the framework of algebraic topology, which will then help us study circuit complexity in supersymmetric quantum field theory describing both simple and inverted harmonic oscillators up to higher orders of quantum corrections. We will restrict ourselves to $\mathcal{N} = 1$ supersymmetry with one fermionic generator $Q_α$. The expression of circuit complexity in quantum regime would then be given by the Hessian of the Morse function in supersymmetric quantum field theory. We also provide technical proof of the well known universal connecting relation between quantum chaos and circuit complexity of the supersymmetric quantum field theories, using the general description of Morse theory.
description: 41 pages, 10 figures, 4 tables, This project is the part of the non-profit virtual international research consortium "Quantum Aspects of Space-Time and Matter (QASTM)", Revised version, References and some of the explanations elaborated and updated, Accepted for publication in Symmetry
Quantum walk-based search algorithms with multiple marked vertices
Creators: name: Bezerra, G. A.
name: Lugão, P. H. G.
name: Portugal, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The quantum walk is a powerful tool to develop quantum algorithms, which usually are based on searching for a vertex in a graph with multiple marked vertices, Ambainis's quantum algorithm for solving the element distinctness problem being the most shining example. In this work, we address the problem of calculating analytical expressions of the time complexity of finding a marked vertex using quantum walk-based search algorithms with multiple marked vertices on arbitrary graphs, extending previous analytical methods based on Szegedy's quantum walk, which can be applied only to bipartite graphs. Two examples based on the coined quantum walk on two-dimensional lattices and hypercubes show the details of our method.
description: 12 pages, 1 table, 2 figs
Functional Control of Oscillator Networks
Creators: name: Menara, Tommaso
name: Baggio, Giacomo
name: Bassett, Danielle S.
name: Pasqualetti, Fabio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Oscillatory activity is ubiquitous in natural and engineered network systems. The interaction scheme underlying interdependent oscillatory components governs the emergence of network-wide patterns of synchrony that regulate and enable complex functions. Yet, understanding, and ultimately harnessing, the structure-function relationship in oscillator networks remains an outstanding challenge of modern science. Here, we address this challenge by presenting a principled method to prescribe exact and robust functional configurations from local network interactions through optimal tuning of the oscillators' parameters. To quantify the behavioral synchrony between coupled oscillators, we introduce the notion of functional pattern, which encodes the pairwise relationships between the oscillators' phases. Our procedure is computationally efficient and provably correct, accounts for constrained interaction types, and allows to concurrently assign multiple desired functional patterns. Further, we derive algebraic and graph-theoretic conditions to guarantee the feasibility and stability of target functional patterns. These conditions provide an interpretable mapping between the structural constraints and their functional implications in oscillator networks. As a proof of concept, we apply the proposed method to replicate empirically recorded functional relationships from cortical oscillations in a human brain, and to redistribute the active power flow in different models of electrical grids.
Quantum causal inference in the presence of hidden common causes: An entropic approach
Creators: name: Javidian, Mohammad Ali
name: Aggarwal, Vaneet
name: Jacob, Zubin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Quantum causality is an emerging field of study which has the potential to greatly advance our understanding of quantum systems. In this paper, we put forth a theoretical framework for merging quantum information science and causal inference by exploiting entropic principles. For this purpose, we leverage the tradeoff between the entropy of hidden cause and the conditional mutual information of observed variables to develop a scalable algorithmic approach for inferring causality in the presence of latent confounders (common causes) in quantum systems. As an application, we consider a system of three entangled qubits and transmit the second and third qubits over separate noisy quantum channels. In this model, we validate that the first qubit is a latent confounder and the common cause of the second and third qubits. In contrast, when two entangled qubits are prepared and one of them is sent over a noisy channel, there is no common confounder. We also demonstrate that the proposed approach outperforms the results of classical causal inference for the Tubingen database when the variables are classical by exploiting quantum dependence between variables through density matrices rather than joint probability distributions. Thus, the proposed approach unifies classical and quantum causal inference in a principled way.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2102.11764
Superfield Approaches to a Model of Bosonic String: Curci-Ferrari Type Restrictions
Creators: name: Tripathi, A.
name: Rao, A. K.
name: Malik, R. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Exploiting the theoretical potential of the modified Bonora-Tonin superfield approach (MBTSA) as well as the (anti-)chiral superfield approach (ACSA) to Becchi-Rouet-Stora-Tyutin (BRST) formalism, we derive the complete set of off-shell nilpotent (anti-)BRST symmetry transformations corresponding to the classical two $(1 + 1)$-dimensional (2D) diffeomorphism symmetry transformations on the world-sheet (that is traced out by the motion of a model of bosonic string). Only the BRST symmetry transformations for this model have been discussed in the earlier literature. We derive the (anti-)BRST invariant Curci-Ferrari (CF) type restrictions (using MBTSA) which turn out to be the root-cause behind the absolute anticommutativity of the above (anti-)BRST symmetry transformations. We capture the symmetry invariance of the (anti-)BRST invariant Lagrangian densities within the ambit of ACSA. The derivation of the proper anti-BRST transformations (corresponding to the already known BRST transformations) and the (anti-)BRST invariant CF-type restrictions are the novel results in our present endeavor.
description: LaTeX file, 22 pages, minor corrections in the text, references in journal style
Affine Kac-Moody Groups as Twisted Loop Groups obtained by Galois Descent Considerations
Creators: name: Morita, Jun
name: Pianzola, Arturo
name: Shibata, Taiki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20G44, 22E67

description: We provide explicit generators and relations for the affine Kac-Moody groups, as well as a realization of them as (twisted) loop groups by means of Galois descent considerations.
description: 39 pages; to appear in Mathematical Journal of Okayama University
Numerical-relativity simulations of the quasi-circular inspiral and merger of non-spinning, charged black holes: methods and comparison with approximate approaches
Creators: name: Bozzola, Gabriele
name: Paschalidis, Vasileios
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present fully general relativistic simulations of the quasi-circular inspiral and merger of charged, non-spinning, binary black holes with charge-to-mass ratio $λ\le 0.3$. We discuss the key features that enabled long term and stable evolutions of these binaries. We also present a formalism for computing the angular momentum carried away by electromagnetic waves, and the electromagnetic contribution to black-hole horizon properties. We implement our formalism and present the results for the first time in numerical-relativity simulations. In addition, we compare our full non-linear solutions with existing approximate models for the inspiral and ringdown phases. We show that Newtonian models based on the quadrupole approximation have errors of 20 % - 100 % in key gauge-invariant quantities. On the other hand, for the systems considered, we find that estimates of the remnant black hole spin based on the motion of test particles in Kerr-Newman spacetimes agree with our non-linear calculations to within a few percent. Finally, we discuss the prospects for detecting black hole charge by future gravitational-wave detectors using either the inspiral-merger-ringdown signal or the ringdown signal alone.
description: 26 pages, 16 figures. v2 fixes a typo in equations (E3a) and (E3b)
Testing the Young Neutron Star Scenario with Persistent Radio Emission Associated with FRB 121102
Creators: name: Kashiyama, Kazumi
name: Murase, Kohta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently a repeating fast radio burst (FRB) 121102 has been confirmed to be an extragalactic event and a persistent radio counterpart has been identified. While other possibilities are not ruled out, the emission properties are broadly consistent with Murase et al. (2016) that theoretically proposed quasi-steady radio emission as a counterpart of both FRBs and pulsar-driven supernovae. Here we constrain the model parameters of such a young neutron star scenario for FRB 121102. If the associated supernova has a conventional ejecta mass of $M_{\rm ej}\gtrsim{\rm a \ few}\ M_\odot$, a neutron star with an age of $t_{\rm age} \sim 10-100 \ \rm yrs$, an initial spin period of $P_{i} \lesssim$ a few ms, and a dipole magnetic field of $B_{\rm dip} \lesssim {\rm a \ few} \times 10^{13} \ \rm G$ can be compatible with the observations. However, in this case, the magnetically-powered scenario may be favored as an FRB energy source because of the efficiency problem in the rotation-powered scenario. On the other hand, if the associated supernova is an ultra-stripped one or the neutron star is born by the accretion-induced collapse with $M_{\rm ej} \sim 0.1 \ M_\odot$, a younger neutron star with $t_{\rm age} \sim 1-10$ yrs can be the persistent radio source and might produce FRBs with the spin-down power. These possibilities can be distinguished by the decline rate of the quasi-steady radio counterpart.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ letters
Hadronic structure functions in the $e^+ e^- \rightarrow \barΛ Λ$ reaction
Creators: name: Fäldt, Göran
name: Kupsc, Andrzej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cross-section distributions are calculated for the reaction $e^+ e^- \rightarrow J/ψ\rightarrow \barΛ(\rightarrow \bar{p}π^+) Λ(\rightarrow pπ^-)$, and related annihilation reactions mediated by vector mesons. The hyperon-decay distributions depend on a number of structure functions that are bilinear in the, possibly complex, psionic form factors $G_M^ψ$ and $G_E^ψ$ of the Lambda hyperon. The relative size and relative phase of these form factors can be uniquely determined from the unpolarized joint-decay distributions of the Lambda and anti-Lambda hyperons. Also the decay-asymmetry parameters of Lambda and anti-Lambda hyperons can be determined.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Quasicrystal kirigami
Creators: name: Liu, Lucy
name: Choi, Gary P. T.
name: Mahadevan, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Kirigami, the art of introducing cuts in thin sheets to enable articulation and deployment, has become an inspiration for a novel class of mechanical metamaterials with unusual properties. Here we complement the use of periodic tiling patterns for kirigami designs by showing that quasicrystals can also serve as the basis for designing deployable kirigami structures, and analyze the geometrical, topological and mechanical properties of these aperiodic kirigami structures.
Conditions for Equivalent Noise Sensitivity of Geometric and Dynamical Quantum Gates
Creators: name: Colmenar, R. K. L.
name: Güngördü, Utkan
name: Kestner, Jason
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Geometric quantum gates are often expected to be more resilient than dynamical gates against certain types of error, which would make them ideal for robust quantum computing. However, this is still up for debate due to seemingly conflicting results in the literature. Here we use dynamical invariant theory in conjunction with filter functions in order to analytically characterize the noise sensitivity of an arbitrary quantum gate. For any control Hamiltonian that produces a geometric gate, we find that under certain common conditions one can construct another control Hamiltonian that produces an equivalent dynamical gate with identical noise sensitivity (as characterized by the filter function). Our result holds for a Hilbert space of arbitrary dimensions, but we illustrate our result by examining experimentally relevant single-qubit scenarios and providing explicit examples of equivalent geometric and dynamical gates.
description: 12 pages, 10 figures
Self-adjoint operators associated with Hankel moment matrices
Creators: name: Berg, Christian
name: Szwarc, Ryszard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 47A05 (Primary) 47B25, 47B35 (Secondary)

description: In a paper from 2016 D. R. Yafaev initiated a study of closable Hankel forms associated with the moments $(m_n)$ of a positive measure with infinite support on the real line. If $m_n=o(1)$ Yafaev characterized the closure of the form based on earlier work on quasi-Carleman operators. We give a new proof of the description of the closure based entirely on moment considerations. The main purpose of the present paper is a description of the self-adjoint Hankel operators associated with closed Hankel forms in the Hilbert space of square summable sequences. We do this not only in the case $m_n=o(1)$ studied by Yafaev but also in two other cases, where the Hankel form is closable, namely if the moment sequence is indeterminate or if the moment sequence is determinate with finite index of determinacy.
description: 32 pages. Theorem 3.2 and Remark 3.4 are slightly reformulated to make the result and the proof more transparent
Model for missing Shapiro steps due to bias-dependent resistance
Creators: name: Mudi, S. R.
name: Frolov, S. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Majorana zero modes are predicted in several solid state systems such as hybrid superconductor-semiconductor structures and topological insulators coupled to superconductors. One of the expected signatures of Majorana modes is the fractional 4$π$ Josephson effect. Evidence in favor of this effect often comes from a.c. Josephson effect measurements and focuses on the observation of missing first or higher odd-numbered Shapiro steps. However, the disappearance of the odd Shapiro steps has also been reported in conventional Josephson junctions where no Majorana modes are expected. In this paper, we present a phenomenological model that displays suppression of the odd Shapiro steps. We perform resistively-shunted junction model calculations and introduce peaks in differential resistance as function of the bias current. In the presence of only the standard 2$π$ Josephson current, for chosen values of peak positions and amplitudes, we can suppress the odd Shapiro steps, or any steps, thus providing a possible explanation for the observation of missing Shapiro steps.
description: MATLAB codes can be found at https://github.com/frolovgroup/
Optimal maximum norm estimates for virtual element methods
Creators: name: He, Wen-Ming
name: Guo, Hailong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The maximum norm error estimations for virtual element methods are studied. To establish the error estimations, we prove higher local regularity based on delicate analysis of Green's functions and high-order local error estimations for the partition of the virtual element solutions. The maximum norm of the exact gradient and the gradient of the projection of the virtual element solutions are proved to achieve optimal convergence results. For high-order virtual element methods, we establish the optimal convergence results in $L^{\infty}$ norm. Our theoretical discoveries are validated by a numerical example on general polygonal meshes.