cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Analisi degli aspetti storici, etici e normativi delle Dichiarazioni Universali nel campo della Bioetica.
Il loro ruolo di strumenti di "Soft Law" del Diritto internazionale nel campo delle sperimentazioni sugli esseri umani e loro incidenza sugli ordinamenti di Italia e Germania
Creators: name: Huober, Luigi
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2008

description: Obiettivo del lavoro  é quello di determinare, mediante un´analisi degli aspetti storici, etici e normativi, l´ambito d´influenza e di applicabilità degli strumenti normativi derivanti dalla ratifica e dal rispetto delle cosiddette "Dichiarazioni Universali", che dal 1946 ad oggi, appunto, sono fiorite e si sono diffuse, assumendo un ruolo determinante soprattutto nel campo della tutela dei diritti fondamentali. Tali "dichiarazioni" sono considerate, nell´ambito del Diritto Internazionale, strumenti di "Soft Law".  La “Soft Law” é una terza fonte di diritto internazionale che ha avuto un rapido sviluppo e una rilevante diffusione negli ultimi decenni soprattutto per trattare argomenti particolari come per esempio la tutela dei diritti umani, la difesa dell'ambiente e definire le tematiche che attengono alla bioetica. La categoria delle cosiddette "Soft Laws" include una grande varietà di strumenti normativi: dichiarazioni, raccomandazioni, risoluzioni, carte, etc. Gli accordi presi mediante l'utilizzo di una  Soft Law é spesso definito, diversamente dai trattati, non vincolante.
Archetipo degli strumenti di "Soft Law" che si era prefissato di avere una risonanza di livello globale é stato senza dubbio il Codice di Norimberga. Di qui, il punto di partenza di un percorso analitico che, attraverso la lettura dello sviluppo degli ordinamenti internazionali ed interni alle singole nazioni (nel caso specifico Italia e Germania), si propone di individuare una chiave per decodificare le problematiche attuali che attengono al mondo della bioetica in generale, e del rapporto Medico-Paziente o Ricercatore-Soggetto coinvolto in  una sperimentazione. Di qui, l´attenzione si sposta verso il rapporto Medico/Scienziato- Paziente e, soprattutto, sulla realtà del nuovo ruolo che gioca il paziente in questa "diade". Attraverso una rilettura attenta e una contestualizzazione delle "regulations" che appartengono al passato, e ponendole  in costante raffronto con le attuali normative e regolamentazioni, é possibile dedurre l´esistenza di uno spirito univoco, che da sessant´anni caratterizza il mondo scientifico e medico nella sua attività pratica ed il mondo politico nella sua attività di regolamentazione. Inoltre, il lavoro si propone di compiere uno sguardo d´insieme del sistema sanitario tedesco, della sua normativa in materia di sperimentazione clinica e di  analizzare le strutture che si trovano alla base del sistema delle Ethikkommissionen e del Deutscher Ethikrat.
Observational effects of banded repeating FRBs
Creators: name: Aggarwal, Kshitij
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent observations have shown that repeating Fast Radio Bursts (FRBs) exhibit band-limited emission, whose frequency-dependent amplitude can be modeled using a Gaussian function. In this analysis, we show that banded emission of FRBs can lead to incompleteness across the observing band. This biases the detected sample of bursts and can explain the various shapes of cumulative energy distributions seen for repeating FRBs. We assume a Gaussian shape of the burst spectra and used simulations to demonstrate the above bias using an FRB 121102-like example. We recovered energy distributions that showed a break in power-law and flattening of power-law at low energies, based on the fluence threshold of the observations. We provide recommendations for single-pulse searches and analysis of repeating FRBs to account for this incompleteness. Primarily, we recommend that burst spectra should be modeled to estimate the intrinsic fluence and bandwidth of the burst robustly. Also, bursts that lie mainly within the observing band should be used for analyses of energy distributions. We show that the bimodality reported in the distribution of energies of FRB 121102 by Li et al. (2021) disappears when burst bandwidth, instead of the center frequency of the observation, is used to estimate energy. Sub-banded searches will also aid in detecting band-limited bursts. All the analysis scripts used in this work are available in a Github repository.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures, Accepted for publication in ApJL
Neutrino factory optimization for non-standard interactions
Creators: name: Kopp, Joachim
name: Ota, Toshihiko
name: Winter, Walter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the optimization of a neutrino factory with respect to non-standard neutral current neutrino interactions, and compare the results to those obtained without non-standard interactions. We discuss the muon energy, baselines, and oscillation channels as degrees of freedom. Our conclusions are based on both analytical calculations and on a full numerical simulation of the neutrino factory setup proposed by the international design study (IDS-NF). We consider all possible non-standard parameters, and include their complex phases. We identify the impact of the different parameters on the golden, silver, and disappearance channels. We come to the conclusion that, even in the presence of non-standard interactions, the performance of the neutrino factory hardly profits from a silver channel detector, unless the muon energy is significantly increased compared to the IDS-NF setup. Apart from the dispensable silver channel detector, we demonstrate that the IDS-NF setup is close to optimal even if non-standard interactions are considered. We find that one very long baseline is a key component in the search for non-standard interactions, in particular for |ε^m_{μτ}| and |ε^m_{ττ}|.
description: LaTeX, 30 pages, 7 figures, 1 table
A FETI approach to domain decomposition for meshfree discretizations of nonlocal problems
Creators: name: Xu, Xiao
name: Glusa, Christian
name: D'Elia, Marta
name: Foster, John T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We propose a domain decomposition method for the efficient simulation of nonlocal problems. Our approach is based on a multi-domain formulation of a nonlocal diffusion problem where the subdomains share "nonlocal" interfaces of the size of the nonlocal horizon. This system of nonlocal equations is first rewritten in terms of minimization of a nonlocal energy, then discretized with a meshfree approximation and finally solved via a Lagrange multiplier approach in a way that resembles the finite element tearing and interconnect method. Specifically, we propose a distributed projected gradient algorithm for the solution of the Lagrange multiplier system, whose unknowns determine the nonlocal interface conditions between subdomains. Several two-dimensional numerical tests illustrate the strong and weak scalability of our algorithm, which outperforms the standard approach to the distributed numerical solution of the problem. This work is the first rigorous numerical study in a two-dimensional multi-domain setting for nonlocal operators with finite horizon and, as such, it is a fundamental step towards increasing the use of nonlocal models in large scale simulations.
First-order dissipative phase transition in an exciton-polariton condensate
Creators: name: Dagvadorj, Galbadrakh
name: Kulczykowski, Michal
name: Szymanska, Marzena H.
name: Matuszewski, Michal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the phase diagram of a two-dimensional driven-dissipative system of polaritons coupled to the excitonic reservoir. We find that two critical points exists. The first corresponds to the quasi-condensation and the second to a first-order phase transition from the non-uniform state with spatially modulated density to a uniform state. The latter is related to the modulational instability of a homogeneous state due to the repulsive interactions with the non-condensed reservoir. The first-order character of the transition is evidenced by a discontinuity in the density and the correlation length as well as the phase coexistence and metastability. Moreover, we show that a signature of a Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless-like transition can be observed in the non-uniform phase.
La gestione securitaria degli spazi urbani come deriva delle politiche integrate di sicurezza urbana: i casi di Barcellona e Bologna.
Creators: name: Mazza, Angelino
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2009

description: La creazione di un ambito europeo vincolato al fenomeno della globalizzazione apre un nuovo dibattito sugli spazi della sicurezza (denominati microspazi), generando una domanda crescente in spazi sempre più ridotti in ambito locale. Per effetto di questa nuova situazione (o nuova “domanda”) non risultano essere più validi i vecchi schemi politici ed organizzativi centralizzati. Oggi, assistiamo a cambiamenti nella struttura sociale e politica della società che, nel campo della gestione della sicurezza, generano nuove forme di relazioni tra sfera pubblica e privata, questionando notevolmente il ruolo monopolizzatore degli Stati centrali.
Le politiche di sicurezza in Italia, come del resto in altri paesi europei, mostrano chiaramente segni di ambivalenza che caratterizzano questo nuovo approccio ai problemi di criminalità e del suo controllo, emblema del passaggio dallo Stato del Welfare a quello del neoliberismo. In sintesi, possiamo sostenere che alcune città capofila del FESU non hanno ancora espresso una politica di governo locale del bene pubblico della sicurezza. Hanno certamente conosciuto in questa ultima decade azioni di governo della sicurezza (alcune apprezzabili, altre meno), ma non messo in campo una chiara politica di governo.
Sembra dunque scomparire la possibilità di un modello unico di sicurezza, da applicare a prescindere dal contesto, mentre si delineano politiche di governance della sicurezza che tengono conto di una pluralità di condizioni storiche, politiche, sociali e culturali, tutte da coordinare per avere una sicurezza realizzabile e multidisciplinare.
Hawking radiation from the Schwarzschild black hole with a global monopole via gravitational anomaly
Creators: name: Peng, Jun-Jin
name: Wu, Shuang-Qing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hawking flux from the Schwarzschild black hole with a global monopole is obtained by using Robinson and Wilczek's method. Adopting a dimension reduction technique, the effective quantum field in the (3+1)--dimensional global monopole background can be described by an infinite collection of the (1+1)--dimensional massless fields if neglecting the ingoing modes near the horizon, where the gravitational anomaly can be cancelled by the (1+1)--dimensional black body radiation at the Hawking temperature.
description: 4 pages, no figure, 3nd revsion with one reference added
Associazione indipendente tra la riserva di flusso coronarico e le pressioni di riempimento e il rilasciamento del ventricolo sinistro
Creators: name: D'Errico, Arcangelo
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2008

description: Background: A cross-talk between coronary flow and left ventricular (LV) function is recognized. This study tested the hypothesis that impairment of coronary flow reserve (CFR) in arterial hypertension is associated with LV systolic and diastolic dysfunction, independently on abnormalities of LV geometry.
Methods: We studied 59 newly diagnosed, never treated hypertensive patients, using transthoracic Doppler echocardiography, including pulsed Tissue Doppler of mitral annulus and CFR on left anterior descending artery (low dose dipyridamole). The study population was divided in 2 groups according to age-normalized relative wall thickness (RWTn): 36 with normal LV geometry (RWTn ≤ 0.41) and.23 patients with LV concentric geometry (RWTn > 0.41)
Results: Patients with LV concentric geometry (RWTn > 0.41) had significantly lower midwall (but not endocardial) shortening, longer isovolumic relaxation time (IVRT), lower Tissue Doppler derived early diastolic velocity (Em), higher ratio of transmitral E velocity to Em  and lower CFR than patients with normal LV geometry (RWTn ≤ 0.41). In the whole population lower CFR was significantly associated with lower midwall shortening and Em, longer IVRT and higher E/Em ratio. After controlling for heart rate, mean blood pressure and RWTn, only the relation of CFR with IVRT, Em and E/Em ratio remained significant.
Conclusions: Reduced midwall mechanics is associated to lower CFR, a relation depending on LV concentric geometry. A reduced CFR is associated with both impaired relaxation and increased filling pressure, a relation that is independent on LV geometry and pressure load.
Nonparametric estimation of a distribution function under biased sampling and censoring
Creators: name: Mandel, Micha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 62N01 (Primary)

description: This paper derives the nonparametric maximum likelihood estimator (NPMLE) of a distribution function from observations which are subject to both bias and censoring. The NPMLE is obtained by a simple EM algorithm which is an extension of the algorithm suggested by Vardi (Biometrika, 1989) for size biased data. Application of the algorithm to many models is discussed and a simulation study compares the estimator's performance to that of the product-limit estimator (PLE). An example demonstrates the utility of the NPMLE to data where the PLE is inappropriate.
description: Published at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/074921707000000175 in the IMS Lecture Notes Monograph Series (http://www.imstat.org/publications/lecnotes.htm) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Confronto tra la tecnica laparoscopica e la chirurgia open nel cancro del retto con escissione del mesoretto
Creators: name: Manfredini, Sergio
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2008

description: L'autore esamina la bibliografia recente sulla chirurgia del colon retto con metodica laparoscopica, rilevando tutti gli elementi favorevoli alla sua applicazione ed i punti critici che sono emersi in questi anni. Inoltre studia un gruppo di pazienti che vengono avviati alle due tecniche confrontando i tempi operatori, le emorragie, le fistolizzazioni, le conversioni, il dolore post operatorio, i tempi di canalizzazione, la ripresa dell'alimentazione, la contaminazione della parete e la degenza post operatoria.
Search for Lepton Flavor Violation in Upsilon Decays
Creators: name: CLEO Collaboration
name: Love, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this Letter we describe a search for lepton flavor violation (LFV) in the bottomonium system. We search for leptonic decays of Upsilon(nS)(n=1,2, and 3) into muon and tau using the data collected with the CLEO III detector. We identify the tau lepton using its leptonic decay into electron and utilize multidimensional likelihood fitting with PDF shapes measured from independent data samples. We report our estimates of 95% CL upper limits on LFV branching fractions of Upsilon mesons. We interpret our results in terms of the exclusion plot for the energy scale of a hypothetical new interaction versus its effective LFV coupling in the framework of effective field theory.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures, available through http://www.lns.cornell.edu/public/CLNS/, submitted to PRL
I BILANCI STRAORDINARI CONCERNENTI LE OPERAZIONI DI CESSIONE E QUELLE DI CONFERIMENTO DELL'AZIENDA
Creators: name: Del Giudice, Emilio
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2008

description: La tesi, dopo aver trattato il tema della valutazione delle aziende, si concentra sui bilanci straordinari che le imprese devono adottare in caso di partecipazione ad operazioni straordinarie di gestione quali la cessione ed il conferimento d'azienda o di ramo d'azienda; di tali bilanci se ne analizzano le caratteristiche, le differenze rispetto al bilancio ordinario e gli aspetti civilistici e, solo per completezza, fiscali.
Quantum fluctuations of charge order induce phonon softening in a superconducting cuprate
Creators: name: Huang, H. Y.
name: Singh, A.
name: Mou, C. Y.
name: Johnston, S.
name: Kemper, A. F.
name: Brink, J. van den
name: Chen, P. J.
name: Lee, T. K.
name: Okamoto, J.
name: Chu, Y. Y.
name: Li, J. H.
name: Komiya, S.
name: Komarek, A. C.
name: Fujimori, A.
name: Chen, C. T.
name: Huang, D. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum phase transitions play an important role in shaping the phase diagram of high-temperature cuprate superconductors. These cuprates possess intertwined orders which interact strongly with superconductivity. However, the evidence for the quantum critical point associated with the charge order in the superconducting phase remains elusive. Here we show the short-range charge orders and the spectral signature of the quantum fluctuations in La$_{2-x}$Sr$_x$CuO$_4$ (LSCO) near the optimal doping using high-resolution resonant inelastic X-ray scattering. On performing calculations through a diagrammatic framework, we discovered that the charge correlations significantly soften several branches of phonons. These results elucidate the role of charge order in the LSCO compound, providing evidence for quantum critical scaling and discommensurations associated with charge order.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures
Cosmology of the closed string tachyon
Creators: name: Swanson, Ian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spacetime physics of bulk closed string tachyon condensation is studied at the level of a two-derivative effective action. We derive the unique perturbative tachyon potential consistent with a full class of linearized tachyonic deformations of supercritical string theory. The solutions of interest deform a general linear dilaton background by the insertion of purely exponential tachyon vertex operators. In spacetime, the evolution of the tachyon drives an accelerated contraction of the universe and, absent higher-order corrections, the theory collapses to a cosmological singularity in finite time, at arbitrarily weak string coupling. When the tachyon exhibits a null symmetry, the worldsheet dynamics are known to be exact and well-defined at tree level. We prove that if the two-derivative effective action is free of non-gravitational singularities, higher-order corrections always resolve the spacetime curvature singularity of the null tachyon. The resulting theory provides an explicit mechanism by which tachyon condensation can generate or terminate the flow of cosmological time in string theory. Additional particular solutions can resolve an initial singularity with a tachyonic phase at weak coupling, or yield solitonic configurations that localize the universe along spatial directions.
description: 48 pages, 14 figures; v2: references added
A semi-classical field method for the equilibrium Bose gas and application to thermal vortices in two dimensions
Creators: name: Giorgetti, Luca
name: Carusotto, Iacopo
name: Castin, Yvan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a semi-classical field method for the study of the weakly interacting Bose gas at finite temperature, which, contrarily to the usual classical field model, does not suffer from an ultraviolet cut-off dependence. We apply the method to the study of thermal vortices in spatially homogeneous, two-dimensional systems. We present numerical results for the vortex density and the vortex pair distribution function. Insight in the physics of the system is obtained by comparing the numerical results with the predictions of simple analytical models. In particular, we calculate the activation energy required to form a vortex pair at low temperature.
description: 19 pages
Controlled-NOT for multiparticle qubits and topological quantum computation based on parity measurements
Creators: name: Zilberberg, Oded
name: Braunecker, Bernd
name: Loss, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss a measurement-based implementation of a controlled-NOT (CNOT) quantum gate. Such a gate has recently been discussed for free electron qubits. Here we extend this scheme for qubits encoded in product states of two (or more) spins-1/2 or in equivalent systems. The key to such an extension is to find a feasible qubit-parity meter. We present a general scheme for reducing this qubit-parity meter to a local spin-parity measurement performed on two spins, one from each qubit. Two possible realizations of a multiparticle CNOT gate are further discussed: electron spins in double quantum dots in the singlet-triplet encoding, and nu=5/2 Ising non-Abelian anyons using topological quantum computation braiding operations and nontopological charge measurements.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures, updated references
Effective Action of QED in Electric Field Backgrounds
Creators: name: Kim, Sang Pyo
name: Lee, Hyun Kyu
name: Yoon, Yongsung
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the evolution operator method to find the one-loop effective action of scalar and spinor QED in electric field backgrounds in terms of the Bogoliubov coefficient between the ingoing and the outgoing vacua. We obtain the exact one-loop effective action for a Sauter-type electric field, E_0 sech^2 (t/tau), and show that the imaginary part correctly yields the vacuum persistence. The renormalized effective action shows the general relation between the vacuum persistence and the total mean number of created pairs for the constant and the Sauter-type electric field.
description: RevTex, 13 pages, one figure; title changed, extended to spinor QED as well as scalar QED, references added, renormalied relation between vacuum persistence and total mean number clarified
Additional file 1 of A population-based study of preeclampsia and eclampsia in Ecuador: ethnic, geographical and altitudes differences
Creators: name: Tejera, Eduardo
name: Sánchez, Maria Eugenia
name: Henríquez-Trujillo, Aquiles R.
name: Yunierkis Pérez-Castillo
name: Coral-Almeida, Marco
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Additional file 1: Fig. 1. Map of Ecuador indicating altitude distribution by Canton in meter above sea level (MASL). The maps were created by the authors as described in the methodology.
L’impiantazione ionica nella ricerca di base ed applicata
Creators: name: Limata, Benedicta Normanna
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2006

description: Il presente lavoro di tesi si propone di fornire un contributo alla comprensione di alcuni aspetti dell’impiantazione ionica in cui l’accoppiamento tra variabili elettroniche e nucleari gioca un ruolo importante. In particolare, sono stati studiati il danneggiamento strutturale prodotto dalla perdita di energia nucleare  degli ioni nella materia e l’influenza della densità degli elettroni liberi nei metalli sul decadimento di 7Be e sullo screening elettronico in reazioni nucleari di bassa energia. A tal fine sono state utilizzate tecniche sperimentali innovative, di cui sono state anche valutate le potenzialità in campo applicativo.
Lo studio del danneggiamento di strutture cristalline da parte di ioni energetici, in particolare  nel caso del silicio, è stato reso possibile dalla messa a punto di una originale tecnica di misura che permette, attraverso misure di grandezze elettriche, di ricavare informazioni locali sulla modifica strutturale indotta da impiantazione ionica. Il confronto del profilo così determinato con i risultati di un calcolo microscopico mostra un buon accordo per quanto riguarda l’andamento in funzione della profondità, che conferma la validità della parametrizzazione dei potenziali di screening utilizzati nel calcolo della perdita di energia nucleare, almeno per quanto riguarda la dipendenza dall’energia di interazione. Sulla base di questo risultato è stato possibile, in collaborazione con la International Rectifier Italia, progettare una procedura di impiantazione per diodi di potenza che ha dato ottimi risultati per quanto riguarda la riduzione dei tempi di commutazione.
La seconda linea di ricerca è basata sull’impiantazione di ioni radioattivi, in particolare di 7Be, come strumento per l’introduzione di tracce di sostanze radioattive in un materiale senza una alterazione significativa della struttura e della stechiometria del materiale stesso. Per la prima volta è stato possibile studiare il decadimento radioattivo del 7Be in matrici metalliche utilizzando per l’impiantazione un fascio puro di 7Be in modo da preservare la struttura e la composizione stechiometrica del materiale ospite. I risultati ottenuti sono consistenti con il modello di Drude-Debye utilizzato per spiegare l’anomalo potenziale di screening osservato in reazioni di fusione a bassa energia, con le ipotesi supplementari che le funzioni d’onda atomiche del 7Be non siano perturbate dagli elettroni liberi e che questi ultimi non contribuiscano significativamente alla probabilità di decadimento. Per altro, i risultati ottenuti applicando il modello a gas di Fermi agli elettroni liberi del metallo non sono incompatibili con questi risultati. Dal punto di vista applicativo, la tecnica messa a punto permette di introdurre traccianti radioattivi in superfici di organi meccanici soggette ad usura per studiarne le proprietà meccaniche.
I risultati sperimentali sono presentati e discussi. Infine sono delineati possibili sviluppi di questa attività di ricerca.
Additional file 1 of A validation study of the 4-variable and 8-variable kidney failure risk equation in transplant recipients in the United Kingdom
Creators: name: Ali, Ibrahim
name: Kalra, Philip A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1. The 4- and 8-variable Kidney Failure Risk Equation calculations for the 5-year predicted risk of end-stage renal disease
Disorder on the landscape
Creators: name: Podolsky, Dmitry I.
name: Majumder, Jaydeep
name: Jokela, Niko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Disorder on the string theory landscape may significantly affect dynamics of eternal inflation leading to the possibility for some vacua on the landscape to become dynamically preferable over others. We systematically study effects of a generic disorder on the landscape starting by identifying a sector with built-in disorder -- a set of de Sitter vacua corresponding to compactifications of the Type IIB string theory on Calabi-Yau manifolds with a number of warped Klebanov-Strassler throats attached randomly to the bulk part of the Calabi-Yau. Further, we derive continuum limit of the vacuum dynamics equations on the landscape. Using methods of dynamical renormalization group we determine the late time behavior of the probability distribution for an observer to measure a given value of the cosmological constant. We find the diffusion of the probability distribution to significantly slow down in sectors of the landscape where the number of nearest neighboring vacua for any given vacuum is small. We discuss relation of this slow-down with phenomenon of Anderson localization in disordered media.
description: 43 pages, 6 figures; more references added; matches published version
Accurate dust temperature determination in a $z = 7.13$ galaxy
Creators: name: Bakx, Tom J. L. C.
name: Sommovigo, Laura
name: Carniani, Stefano
name: Ferrara, Andrea
name: Akins, Hollis B.
name: Fujimoto, Seiji
name: Hagimoto, Masato
name: Knudsen, Kirsten K.
name: Pallottini, Andrea
name: Tamura, Yoichi
name: Watson, Darach
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report ALMA Band 9 continuum observations of the normal, dusty star-forming galaxy A1689-zD1 at $z = 7.13$, resulting in a $\sim$4.6$σ$ detection at $702$ GHz. For the first time these observations probe the far infrared (FIR) spectrum shortward of the emission peak of a galaxy in the Epoch of Reionization (EoR). Together with ancillary data from earlier works, we derive the dust temperature, $T_{\rm d}$, and mass, $M_{\rm d}$, of A1689-zD1 using both traditional modified blackbody spectral energy density fitting, and a new method that relies only on the [CII] $158\ \mathrm{μm}$ line and underlying continuum data. The two methods give $T_{\rm d} = (42^{+13}_{-7}, 40^{+13}_{-7}$) K, and $M_{\rm d} = (1.7^{+1.3}_{-0.7}, 2.0^{+1.8}_{-1.0})\,\times{}\,10^{7} \,M_{\odot}$. Band 9 observations improve the accuracy of the dust temperature (mass) estimate by $\sim 50$% (6 times). The derived temperatures confirm the reported increasing $T_{\rm d}$-redshift trend between $z=0$ and $8$; the dust mass is consistent with a supernova origin. Although A1689-zD1 is a normal UV-selected galaxy, our results, implying that $\sim$85% of its star formation rate is obscured, underline the non-negligible effects of dust in EoR galaxies.
description: Published in MNRAS
Additional file 2 of A validation study of the 4-variable and 8-variable kidney failure risk equation in transplant recipients in the United Kingdom
Creators: name: Ali, Ibrahim
name: Kalra, Philip A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2. TRIPOD checklist for reporting of validation studies
Cooperative total archives for Kelowna, British Columbia
Creators: name: Barlee, Kathleen
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Major -factors in the underdevelopment of local archives in the municipality of Kelowna, British Columbia, have been a lack of public and administrative awareness of the value of archival institutions and archival documents, a lack of local political interest in the subject of archives, a lack of federal, provincial and local aid or legislation to facilitate local archival development, and thus, a lack of funding at the community level for archives. There has also been a need for direction from the provincial government in planning effective records management/archival systems for Kelowna, as well as for most other municipalities in British Columbia. To come to a decision on how to overcome these problems it has been necessary to study perspectives on local archives, to analyze the records management/archival relationship, and to be knowledgeable of problems facing local archives in British Columbia. An interdisciplinary approach has been taken, with literature and primary sources from the archival, museum, library, historical, political science and records management fields being studied. In the archives domain, two major studies, the Symons and the Wilson reports, with their emphasis on federal, provincial and local networking, formed an excellent basis for further investigation. Where they were available, statistics concerning local archives in British Columbia have proven most helpful, as have provincial government reports. The above have been supplemented by letters and questionnaires to provincial and territorial archives, as well as to local municipalities in British Columbia. Two conclusions have been reached. First, "total archives" that collect both official and unofficial documents in all media, and use systematic records management procedures have become a, Canadian public archives tradition which has the potential to prove a valuable example for smaller municipalities. Secondly, in order to achieve economies of scale, private and public agencies may have to cooperate in joint funding efforts at the local level. By combining public and private endeavours, a new type of archives is created. It is posited that this amalgam, a "cooperative total archives," could become the basis for archival development in the municipality of Kelowna, British Columbia.
The solar wind disappearance event of 11 May 1999: source region evolution
Creators: name: Janardhan, P.
name: Tripathi, D.
name: Mason, H. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. A recent, detailed study of the well-known solar wind disappearance event of 11 May 1999 traced its origin to a coronal hole (CH) lying adjacent to a large active region (AR), AR8525 in Carrington rotation 1949. The AR was located at central meridian on 05 May 1999 when the flows responsible for this event began. We examine the evolution of the AR-CH complex during 5-6 May 1999 to study the changes that apparently played a key role in causing this disappearance event. Aims. To study the evolution of the solar source region of the disappearance event of 11 May 1999. Methods. Using images from the Soft X-ray Telescope (SXT), the Extreme-ultraviolet Imaging Telescope (EIT) and the Michelson Doppler Imager (MDI) to examine the evolution of the CH and AR complex at the source region of the disappearance event. Results. We find a dynamic evolution taking place in the CH-AR boundary at the source region of the disappearance event of 11 May 1999. This evolution, which is found to reduce the area of the CH, is accompanied by the formation of new loops in EUV images that are spatially and temporally correlated with emerging flux regions as seen in MDI data. Conclusions. In the period leading up to the disappearance event of 11 May 1999, our observations, during quiet solar conditions and in the absence of CMEs, provide the first clear evidence for Sun-Earth connection originating from an evolving AR-CH region located at central meridian. With the exception of corotating interacting regions (CIR), these observations provide the first link between the Sun and space weather effects at 1 AU, arising from non-explosive solar events.
description: The paper has recently been accepted in A&A letters and this version is an 8 page article with 4 figures
Heterogeneous condensation for submicronic particles abatement
Creators: name: Tammaro, Marco
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2010

description: It is now well established that the emission of sub-micrometric particulate matter entrained in flue gases of industry and vehicles exhausts, is one of the most critical treats for human health because of the toxicological effects of ultrafine particles on the respiratory system and their ability to cross alveoli’s membranes reaching the circulatory system too.
Albeit this scenario, the traditional particle abatement devices are mainly designed and optimised to treat particles larger than 1 μm, but they are far less effective towards the sub-micrometric particles. In particular, the existing technologies are far less efficient in collecting sub-micrometric particles, especially in the range 0.1 - 1 μm, called Greenfield gap.
The aim of this work is the study of the heterogeneous condensation, a promising method that can be used to achieve very high particles removal efficiency with reduced costs: particles undergoing heterogeneous condensation increase their diameter by deposition of a liquid film on the particles surface, generating a liquid-solid aerosol with desired diameter. Therefore, this process can be used as a preconditioning technique to enlarge the particles diameter at micrometric size, allowing the use of conventional separators for gas cleaning. Although largely studied for its effect on atmospheric phenomena and for the application to particle measurement techniques (the CPC units), heterogeneous condensation has never been used at industrial scale as a method for gas cleaning.
In this study, theoretical and experimental analyses on the heterogeneous condensation have been carried out. For this purpose instrumented lab scale equipment has been designed, constructed and tested. Experimental protocols and measurement techniques have been optimized. The core of the equipment is the growth tube, that consists in a glass tube where the particle laden gas flows comes into contact with a supersaturated water vapour environment, generated by a liquid film flowing on the tube internal walls.
Preliminary experimental tests have been carried out to define adequate experimental protocols and to find out the most reliable techniques to measure the size and concentration of the liquid-solid aerosol in the water saturated gas that exists the growth tube. Afterwards, an experimental campaign has been carried out to study the heterogeneous condensation of soot particles produced by a ethylene-air premixed flame at different working conditions. Eventually, the experiments have been interpreted through a simplified theoretical model that allows a good description of observed results. Experimental and modelling results eventually provide preliminary guidelines for the design of a pilot scale unit to be tested for future experimentation.
Onset of ferromagnetism in low-doped GaMnAs
Creators: name: Sheu, B. L.
name: Myers, R. C.
name: Tang, J. -M.
name: Samarth, N.
name: Awschalom, D. D.
name: Schiffer, P.
name: Flatté, M. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a quantitatively predictive theory for impurity-band ferromagnetism in the low-doping regime of GaMnAs and compare with experimental measurements of a series of samples whose compositions span the transition from paramagnetic insulating to ferromagnetic conducting behavior. The theoretical Curie temperatures depend sensitively on the local fluctuations in the Mn-hole binding energy, which originates from disorder in the Mn distribution as well as the presence of As antisite defects. The experimentally-determined hopping energy at the Curie temperature is roughly constant over a series of samples whose conductivities vary more than 10^4 and whose hole concentrations vary more than 10^2. Thus in this regime the hopping energy is an excellent predictor of the Curie temperature for a sample, in agreement with the theory.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
L'informazione ed il turismo: verso sistemi di informazione turistica. Proposta di valorizzazione per l'isola d'Ischia
Creators: name: Iapino, Stefania
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2010

description: Con il presente studio ci siamo proposti di dare un contributo all’analisi dell’informazione turistica, un campo indispensabile e sul quale occorre far chiarezza alla luce della costante espansione dell’intero comparto e dei progressi tecnologici che lo hanno investito negli ultimi decenni, determinando delle profonde trasformazioni nella ricerca di dati sia sul turismo stesso sia per il turista.
La nostra analisi è partita dall’informazione, così come distinta in premessa in “informazione sul turismo” e “informazione per il turista”, evidenziando in entrambi i casi, oltre alle tipologie di dati acquisibili, i sistemi che hanno consentito in passato e consentono oggi la loro acquisizione, nonché i limiti ed i punti forza che li caratterizzano.
In questa prima overview generale, sono inseriti appunti di marketing territoriale, considerando alcuni concetti quali destination management  e Sistemi Locali di Offerta Turistica (SLOT), dai quali non si può prescindere per precisare il ruolo che l’informazione svolge all’interno della filiera turistica e per una trattazione “moderna” dell’argomento.
Nel secondo capitolo sono stati esaminati i “sistemi di informazione turistica”, chiarendo che cosa racchiude questa definizione, quali sono le caratteristiche e le componenti essenziali che li contraddistinguono, analizzando alcuni casi esemplificativi del concetto.
Nel terzo capitolo l’attenzione si è spostata su un caso di studio: la realtà turistica dell’isola d’Ischia. Dopo aver analizzato le componenti territoriali ed effettuato un breve excursus sulla storia e le caratteristiche dei comparti turistici isolani, si è cercato di fare il punto sullo stato dell’informazione finalizzata sia all’acquisizione di dati statistici riguardanti il turismo “ischitano”, sia rivolta al turista nelle due fasi di “pre – vacanza” e “in – vacanza”.
Il caso di Ischia è scelto, fondamentalmente per i seguenti motivi:
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Quest’ultimo punto è stato da noi sviluppato nel quarto capitolo dedicato alla progettualità, laddove la proposta di una “informazione turistica integrata” viene vagliata come elemento fondamentale di più ampie strategie di intervento che consentano di affrontare le sfide concorrenziali determinate dalla comparsa di nuovi mercati e nuovi competitors.
An Overview of Quantum Computing for Technology Managers
Creators: name: Rieffel, Eleanor G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Faster algorithms, novel cryptographic mechanisms, and alternative methods of communication become possible when the model underlying information and computation changes from a classical mechanical model to a quantum mechanical one. Quantum algorithms perform a select set of tasks vastly more efficiently than any classical algorithm, but for many tasks it has been proved that quantum algorithms provide no advantage. The breadth of quantum computing applications is still being explored. Major application areas include security and the many fields that would benefit from efficient quantum simulation. The quantum information processing viewpoint provides insight into classical algorithmic issues as well as a deeper understanding of entanglement and other non-classical aspects of quantum physics. This overview is aimed at technology managers who wish to gain a high level understanding of quantum information processing, particularly quantum computing.
description: Final version of entry on quantum computing for Wiley's Handbook of Technology Management. Glossary added. Many relatively minor changes throughout. Many thanks to the excellent referees!
PORTOGALLO, ITALIA E QUESTIONE IBERICA (1821-1869)
Creators: name: Di Giuseppe, Francesca
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2010

description: La tesi ricostruisce le relazioni culturali tra i liberali italiani e quelli portoghesi nel XIX secolo. Viene analizzata, in particolare, l'influenza esercitata dal Risorgimento italiano su un progetto di unificazione della penisola iberica, portato avanti dai liberali luso-spagnoli.
In seguito, vengono ricostruite le relazioni diplomatiche tra Italia e Portogallo e segnalati i vari momenti in cui l'esistenza di un dibattito iberista fortemente condizionato dagli avvenimenti italiani influenzò anche le relazioni tra i due Stati.
Massless interacting particles
Creators: name: Kosyakov, B. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that classical electrodynamics of massless charged particles and the Yang--Mills theory of massless quarks do not experience rearranging their initial degrees of freedom into dressed particles and radiation. Massless particles do not radiate. We consider a version of the direct interparticle action theory for these systems following the general strategy of Wheeler and Feynman.
description: LaTeX; 20 pages; V4: discussion is slightly modified to clarify some important points, relevant references are added
ATTENDIBILITA’ DIAGNOSTICA DELL’ENDOMICROSCOPIA LASER CONFOCALE “in vivo” PER LE NEOPLASIE DEL COLON RETTO, MEDIANTE COMPARAZIONE CON IL  QUADRO ISTOLOGICO
Creators: name: Autiero, Giovanni
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2010

description: ABSTRACT

I recenti progressi tecnologici nella miniaturizzazione hanno permesso di integrare un microscopio confocale a scansione in sonde trans-endoscopiche  che consente agli endoscopisti di raccogliere in vivo biopsie virtuali della mucosa gastrointestinale durante l’esame.

Obiettivi: L'obiettivo del presente studio era di valutare in modo prospettico l'applicabilità clinica
e il potere predittivo di un microendoscopio confocale per la diagnosi  in vivo di neoplasia colorettale.

Metodi: Sono stati inclusi in questo studio i pazienti con evidenza di neoplasia del colon-retto superficiale all’endoscopia  di routine. Le lesioni sono state identificate utilizzando un tradizionale colonscopio a luce bianca seguito da microendoscopio a scansione in grado di registrare immagini da una sonda Coloflex UHD-type. Le immagini ottenute, sono state interpretate come “neoplastica” o meno,  in relazione alle modifiche della trama vascolare e cellulare.  Le letture PCLE sono state poi confrontate  con i risultati istopatologici  delle resezioni endoscopiche delle lesioni e / o campioni  ottenuti da biopsie mirate.

Risultati: Sono state identificate un totale di 32 lesioni in 20 pazienti reclutati consecutivamente presso la nostra unità di endoscopia digestiva di riferimento.  La diagnosi Istopatologica  è stata di “adenoma” in 19 casi, polipi iperplastici in 11 casi e adenocarcinoma in 2 casi. Per la rilevazione dei tessuto neoplastico,  PCLE,  ha dimostrato una sensibilità del 100%, una specificità del 84,6%, con una precisione di 92,3, un VPP del 90,5% e un valore predittivo negativo del 100%.

Conclusioni: PCLE permette di ottenere immagini di alta qualità, consentendo la previsione di neoplasia intraepiteliale con un elevato livello di accuratezza.
Il delitto di atti persecutori
Creators: name: Alberico, Andrea
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2010

description: Il lavoro analizza la fattispecie di reato introdotta all'art. 612bis del codice penale. Partendo dallo sudio delle relative premesse criminologiche, si compie un vaglio di compatibilità della norma incriminatrice in rapporto ai principi costituzionali del diritto penale. Infine, viene compiuta una disamina dei profili processuali connessi.