cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Portal Venous System in Post Splenectomised Beta-Thalassemic Children: A Prospective Study in a Tertiary Care Hospital
Creators: name: Kharel, Sanjeev
name: Silwal, Shirish
name: Koirala, Dinesh
name: Islam, K.M.
name: Thapa, Sita
name: Neupane, Subita
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences

description: Splenectomy is a palliative management technique in children with -thalassemia. Portal thrombosis is the most dreaded complication after splenectomy that requires fast diagnosis, effective therapy, and good follow-up is portal thrombosis. Thus, there is the importance of constant evaluation of portal venous system through Color Doppler Ultrasound. This cohort study aimed to observe the changes in the portal venous system in post-splenectomised -thalassemic children. This is a prospective observational cohort study carried out on all the pediatric patients who have undergone splenectomy in Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib medical University, Dhaka Bangladesh from 2017 to 2019 for -thalassemia. The color doppler of the portal venous system was done within the 7th to 10th post-op Day and after 3 months. Outcomes like mean the caliber of the portal vein, mean velocity within the portal vein, and color Doppler findings like Portal Vein Thrombosis (PVT) and Pathological change in Mean Volume (PMV) were calculated and compared in two headings: pre-operative period and postoperative period (7-10 POD and 3 months) with the help of paired t-test.
De offentlige digitaliseringsstrategier
Creators: name: Flensted, Inge
name: Revald, Anne Kjølhede
Publisher: name: Geoforum Perspektiv
Year: 2013

description: De seneste år er der udarbejdet digitaliseringstrategier indenfor alle myndighedsniveauer i det offentlige.Mon man i disse strategier har haft øje for, at geodata i mange sammenhænge kan hjælpe med at skabe overblik, at give forbedret beslutningsgrundlag og ikke mindst at præsentere resultater på en forståelig måde?Geoforumhar nedsat Digitaliseringsudvalget til at kigge disse strategier igennem med geodata-øjne
description: Geoforum Perspektiv, Vol 12 No 23 (2013): Autoritative grunddata
השפעת סדר לידה וכישלון על תחושת ערך עצמי
Creators: name: Eyal, Alma
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: הרשמה מראש למחקר במסגרת הקורס "פסיכולוגיה ניסויית"
Cosmology with Strong Lensing Systems
Creators: name: Cao, Shuo
name: Biesiada, Marek
name: Gavazzi, Raphaël
name: Piórkowska, Aleksandra
name: Zhu, Zong-Hong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we assemble a catalog of 118 strong gravitational lensing systems from SLACS, BELLS, LSD and SL2S surveys and use them to constrain the cosmic equation of state. In particular we consider two cases of dark energy phenomenology: $XCDM$ model where dark energy is modeled by a fluid with constant $w$ equation of state parameter and in Chevalier - Polarski - Linder (CPL) parametrization where $w$ is allowed to evolve with redshift: $w(z) = w_0 + w_1 \frac{z}{1+z}$. We assume spherically symmetric mass distribution in lensing galaxies, but relax the rigid assumption of SIS model in favor to more general power-law index $γ$, also allowing it to evolve with redshifts $γ(z)$. Our results for the $XCDM$ cosmology show the agreement with values (concerning both $w$ and $γ$ parameters) obtained by other authors. We go further and constrain the CPL parameters jointly with $γ(z)$. The resulting confidence regions for the parameters are much better than those obtained with a similar method in the past. They are also showing a trend of being complementary to the supernova Ia data. Our analysis demonstrates that strong gravitational lensing systems can be used to probe cosmological parameters like the cosmic equation of state for dark energy. Moreover, they have a potential to judge whether the cosmic equation of state evolved with time or not.
description: 7 figures, 2 tables
FOT - fra Fælles Objekt Typer til Fællesoffentligt Geografisk Administrationsgrundlag
Creators: name: Andersen, Christian Helring
name: Wøhlk, Rune
Publisher: name: Geoforum Perspektiv
Year: 2013

description: Denne artikel præsenterer resultaterne fra et afgangsprojekt, hvor det er undersøgt om FOT på nuværende tidspunkt kan betragtes som værende et fællesoffentligt geografisk administrationsgrundlag og om organiseringen af FOT understøtter principperne for digital forvaltning.
description: Geoforum Perspektiv, Vol 12 No 23 (2013): Autoritative grunddata
Autoritative grunddata
Creators: name: Baaner, Lasse
Publisher: name: Geoforum Perspektiv
Year: 2013

description: Artiklen diskuterer og kvalificerer begreberne grunddata og autoritative geodata. Autoritative geodata beskrives som retlige geodata, der umiddelbart og uden yderligere prøvelse kan lægges til grund for retlige beslutninger, og der foreslås nogle kriterier for vurdering af, hvad der kan anses for forvaltningsmæssige geografiske grunddata. Kriterierne illustreres med fire eksempler, der samtidigt viser, hvordan den grundlæggende areallovgivning ofte er skruet sammen på en måde, så lovgivningen står i vejen for at danne autoritative datasæt. Det konkluderes, at udviklingen i retning af autoritative retlige geodata kræver, at lovgivningens arealregulerende bestemmelser stedfæstes på baggrund af kompetencenormer, hvor retsvirkningen er knyttet til selve registreringen.
description: Geoforum Perspektiv, Vol 12 No 23 (2013): Autoritative grunddata
Classifying perinatal mortality using verbal autopsy: is there a role for nonphysicians?
Creators: name: Bose, Carl
name: Engmann, Cyril
Publisher: name: BioMed Central Ltd
Year: 2011

description: Abstract Background Because of a physician shortage in many low-income countries, the use of nonphysicians to classify perinatal mortality (stillbirth and early neonatal death) using verbal autopsy could be useful. Objective To determine the extent to which underlying perinatal causes of deaths assigned by nonphysicians in Guatemala, Pakistan, Zambia, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo using a verbal autopsy method are concordant with underlying perinatal cause of death assigned by physician panels. Methods Using a train-the-trainer model, 13 physicians and 40 nonphysicians were trained to determine cause of death using a standardized verbal autopsy training program. Subsequently, panels of two physicians and individual nonphysicians from this trained cohort independently reviewed verbal autopsy data from a sample of 118 early neonatal deaths and 134 stillbirths. With the cause of death assigned by the physician panel as the reference standard, sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, and cause-specific mortality fractions were calculated to assess nonphysicians' coding responses. Robustness criteria to assess how well nonphysicians performed were used. Results Causes of early neonatal death and stillbirth assigned by nonphysicians were concordant with physician-assigned causes 47% and 57% of the time, respectively. Tetanus filled robustness criteria for early neonatal death, and cord prolapse filled robustness criteria for stillbirth. Conclusions There are significant differences in underlying cause of death as determined by physicians and nonphysicians even when they receive similar training in cause of death determination. Currently, it does not appear that nonphysicians can be used reliably to assign underlying cause of perinatal death using verbal autopsy.
The Value Generating Mechanisms of Open Government Data
Creators: name: Jetzek, Thorhildur
Publisher: name: Geoforum Perspektiv
Year: 2013

description: Recent trends towards openness and technical connectivity have offered the ability to drive massive social and economic change; however they demand a redefinition of relationships. We have observed a move from a polarized world where companies operate in economic markets while governments drive social progress, to an interconnected, networked world of shared resources and co-creation. One of the trends driving this change is open government data. This paper presents a framework of four value generating mechanisms from use of OGD. The framework makes it easier to compare and communicate different pathways to value generation, while highlighting the current tensions between the private/public and economic/social domains. Our proposition is that these tensions bring about possibilites for synergies and value enhancement.
description: Geoforum Perspektiv, Vol 12 No 23 (2013): Autoritative grunddata
Leder
Creators: name: Hvingel, Line
Publisher: name: Geoforum Perspektiv
Year: 2014

description: I år mødes deltagere fra 36 lande til årets INSPIRE konference, som i år afholdes i Aalborg. Som tema for årets konference er valgt INSPIRE for good governance for at afspejle, at INSPIRE implementeringen gerne skulle være så langt, at vi nu kan sætte fokus på, hvordan vi laver god (digital) forvaltning på baggrund af de standardiserede og tilgængelige data. Det er oplagt at benytte konferencen til at gøre status på den danske situation ift. INSPIRE implementering, hvorfor denne udgivelse er dedikeret hertil.
description: Geoforum Perspektiv, Vol 13 No 24 (2014): INSPIRE for good governance
Kommunerne og INSPIRE - Er der en sammenhæng?
Creators: name: Flensted, Inge
Publisher: name: Geoforum Perspektiv
Year: 2014

description: Umiddelbart er kommuneren hverken dataejere eller dataansvarlige i forbindelse Danmarks indberetning af data til Inspire, Men graver man ned i de faktiske dataindberetninger, ser man, at kommunerne i stor stil er leverandører af data såvel igennem FOT som igennem Danmarks Areal-Information, www.arealinfo.dk. Og der er ikke tvivl om, at INSPIRE såvel vil sætte rammer for som give inspiration til den danske kortlægning også i FOT-regi
description: Geoforum Perspektiv, Vol 13 No 24 (2014): INSPIRE for good governance
Geodata til mere end kort
Creators: name: Kjems, Erik
Publisher: name: Geoforum Perspektiv
Year: 2014

description: I takt med at megen af den information vi forsøger at fastholde med bl.a. geodata bliver tilgængelige som realtids information, må vores systemer og databeskrivelser nødvendigvis tilpasses disse nye udfordringer. Vores ønske om stadig flere informationer øger kravene til systemerne og organisationen omkring geodata. Når der er tale om ”Big Data” og ”Internet of Things” kan netop georeferencen spille en afgørende rolle, fordi den kan bidrage til at holde styr på datastrømmene. Er vores fælles nationale geodatagrundlag klar til denne rolle?
description: Geoforum Perspektiv, Vol 13 No 24 (2014): INSPIRE for good governance
INSPIRE for good governance
Creators: name: Hvingel, Line
Publisher: name: Geoforum Perspektiv
Year: 2014

description: This recent issue of Geoforum Perspektiv is of course inspired by INSPIRE - The Conference. The INSPIRE Conference is held for the eighth time this year and this time in Denmark. It is thus obvious to focus on the status of the INSPIRE-implementationin Denmark.
description: Geoforum Perspektiv, Vol 13 No 24 (2014): INSPIRE for good governance - UK edition
INSPIRE – Why is This Such a Good Idea
Creators: name: Mazolli, Ulla Kronborg
Publisher: name: Geoforum Perspektiv
Year: 2014

description: We all know the images from the great floods in Central Europe. Enormous areas are left under water, the life of people and animals are threatened, and subsequent reconstruction incurs enormous costs. In Denmark, we have alsoexperienced flooding – on a smaller scale, but extensive enough to give us the impression that water runs where water wants to run. Water does not respect borders, neither administrative nor national. The same applies to a number of other environmental phenomena such as air-pollution, spreading of infectious diseases and invasive species. In emergency situations, it is crucial to have access to relevant and reliable information. It must be possible quickly and easily to answer questions such as where the water will run to over the next couple of hours, which settlements are at risk, and where can we evacuate to? Furthermore, when talking of phenomena that strike across borders, it is important to be able to access data from several different countries, and that these can be used as one coherent information basis. It is exactly for this reason that the INSPIRE Directive was approved seven years ago. This article provides an overview of the content and the significance of INSPIRE.
description: Geoforum Perspektiv, Vol 13 No 24 (2014): INSPIRE for good governance - UK edition
Assessment of Accessibility and Reproducible Research Practices in Cardiovascular Literature
Creators: name: Campos-Melendez, Arely
name: Ekwueme, Chisomaga
name: Heckerman, Gabriel
name: Tzng, Eileen
name: Mueller, Adrienne
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medical Sciences
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Life Sciences
subject: Education
subject: Biology
subject: Medical Specialties
subject: Physiological Processes
subject: Bioethics and Medical Ethics
subject: Surgery
subject: Genetics and Genomics
subject: Research Methods in Life Sciences
subject: accessibility
subject: cardiovascular
subject: open science
subject: publishing practices
subject: reproducibility
subject: rigor
subject: transparency

description: As scientific research leads to new, groundbreaking findings, it is important that studies’ results are accessible to the general public. The open sharing of protocols, materials, data, and analysis tools promotes the verification of research outcomes, fosters the public’s confidence in research, and accelerates the advancement of knowledge for public good. However, even when studies are accessible, they often do not provide sufficient or reliable information or data to thoroughly understand or reproduce the study. This study evaluates the presence of reproducible research practices in cardiovascular science literature by screening papers for a set of accessibility criteria including protocol, materials, data and analysis tool availability, publication accessibility, and several other factors. This study will also quantify the consistency of open research practices within and across cardiovascular study types and journal formats.
Treatment-seeking patients with binge-eating disorder in the Swedish national registers: clinical course and psychiatric comorbidity
Creators: name: Bulik, Cynthia
name: Thornton, Laura M
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2016

description: Abstract Background We linked extensive longitudinal data from the Swedish national eating disorders quality registers and patient registers to explore clinical characteristics at diagnosis, diagnostic flux, psychiatric comorbidity, and suicide attempts in 850 individuals diagnosed with binge-eating disorder (BED). Method Cases were all individuals who met criteria for BED in the quality registers (N = 850). We identified 10 controls for each identified case from the Multi-Generation Register matched on sex, and year, month, and county of birth. We evaluated characteristics of individuals with BED at evaluation and explored diagnostic flux across eating disorders presentations between evaluation and one-year follow-up. We applied conditional logistic regression models to assess the association of BED with each comorbid psychiatric disorder and with suicide attempts and explored whether risk for depression and suicide were differentially elevated in individuals with BED with or without comorbid obesity. Results BED shows considerable diagnostic flux with other eating disorders over time, carries high psychiatric comorbidity burden with other eating disorders (OR 85.8; 95 % CI: 61.6, 119.4), major depressive disorder (OR 7.6; 95 % CI: 6.2, 9.3), bipolar disorder (OR 7.5; 95 % CI: 4.8, 11.9), anxiety disorders (OR 5.2; 95 % CI: 4.2, 6.4), and post-traumatic stress disorder (OR 4.3; 95 % CI: 3.2, 5.7) and is associated with elevated risk for suicide attempts (OR 1.8; 95 % CI: 1.2, 2.7). Depression and suicide attempt risk were elevated in individuals with BED with and without comorbid obesity. Conclusions Considerable flux occurs across BED and other eating disorder diagnoses. The high psychiatric comorbidity and suicide risk underscore the severity and clinical complexity of BED.
Measurement of the absolute branching fraction for $Λ^+_{c}\to Λe^+ν_e$
Creators: name: BESIII Collaboration
name: Ablikim, M.
name: Achasov, M. N.
name: Ai, X. C.
name: Albayrak, O.
name: Albrecht, M.
name: Ambrose, D. J.
name: Amoroso, A.
name: An, F. F.
name: An, Q.
name: Bai, J. Z.
name: Ferroli, R. Baldini
name: Ban, Y.
name: Bennett, D. W.
name: Bennett, J. V.
name: Bertani, M.
name: Bettoni, D.
name: Bian, J. M.
name: Bianchi, F.
name: Boger, E.
name: Boyko, I.
name: Briere, R. A.
name: Cai, H.
name: Cai, X.
name: Cakir, O.
name: Calcaterra, A.
name: Cao, G. F.
name: Cetin, S. A.
name: Chang, J. F.
name: Chelkov, G.
name: Chen, G.
name: Chen, H. S.
name: Chen, H. Y.
name: Chen, J. C.
name: Chen, M. L.
name: Chen, S. J.
name: Chen, X.
name: Chen, X. R.
name: Chen, Y. B.
name: Cheng, H. P.
name: Chu, X. K.
name: Cibinetto, G.
name: Dai, H. L.
name: Dai, J. P.
name: Dbeyssi, A.
name: Dedovich, D.
name: Deng, Z. Y.
name: Denig, A.
name: Denysenko, I.
name: Destefanis, M.
name: De Mori, F.
name: Ding, Y.
name: Dong, C.
name: Dong, J.
name: Dong, L. Y.
name: Dong, M. Y.
name: Du, S. X.
name: Duan, P. F.
name: Eren, E. E.
name: Fan, J. Z.
name: Fang, J.
name: Fang, S. S.
name: Fang, X.
name: Fang, Y.
name: Fava, L.
name: Feldbauer, F.
name: Felici, G.
name: Feng, C. Q.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the first absolute measurement of the branching fraction of $Λ^+_{c}\rightarrow Λe^+ν_e$. This measurement is based on 567 pb$^{-1}$ of $e^+e^-$ annihilation data produced at $\sqrt{s}=4.599$ GeV, which is just above the $Λ^+_c\barΛ^-_c$ threshold. The data were collected with the BESIII detector at the BEPCII storage rings. The branching fraction is determined to be $\mathcal B({Λ^+_c\rightarrow Λe^+ν_e})=(3.63\pm0.38({\rm stat})\pm0.20({\rm syst}))\%$, representing a more than twofold improvement in precision upon previously published results. As the branching fraction for $Λ^+_{c}\rightarrow Λe^+ν_e$ is the benchmark for those of other $Λ^+_c$ semileptonic channels, our result provides a unique test of different theoretical models, which is the most stringent to date.
The Basic Data Programme – A Danish Infrastructure Model for Public Data
Creators: name: Horst, Nicolas Lemcke
name: Bjerre, Sara
name: Lind, Morten
name: Hvingel, Line
Publisher: name: Geoforum Perspektiv
Year: 2014

description: In the autumn of 2012, the Danish government, Local Government Denmark and Danish Regions signed the agreement about 'Good basic data for everyone – a source of growth and efficiency'. The Basic Data Programme was born, and Denmark had an official and authoritative infrastructure model for spatial information. Work has run in parallel to the implementation of the INSPIRE Directive, and although the two development works have had each their trajectory, there has been, and still is, good synergy between the two infrastructure projects. This article presents the Basic Data Programme and takes stock of the implementation of the same.
description: Geoforum Perspektiv, Vol 13 No 24 (2014): INSPIRE for good governance - UK edition
Interactions among multiple stressors vary with exposure duration and biological response
Creators: name: King, Olivia
name: van de Merwe, Jason
name: Campbell, Max
name: Smith, Rachael
name: Warne, Michael
name: Brown, Chris
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: interaction
multiple stressors
Coastal ecosystems
photosystem II herbicides
light availability
dissolved inorganic nitrogen
General Agricultural and Biological Sciences
General Environmental Science
General Immunology and Microbiology
General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
General Medicine

description: Coastal ecosystems are exposed to multiple anthropogenic stressors. Effective management actions would be better informed from generalized predictions of the individual, combined and interactive effects of multiple stressors; however, few generalities are shared across different meta-analyses. Using an experimental study, we present an approach for analysing regression-based designs with generalized additive models that allowed us to capture nonlinear effects of exposure duration and stressor intensity and access interactions among stressors. We tested the approach on a globally distributed marine diatom, using 72 h photosynthesis and growth assays to quantify the individual and combined effects of three common water quality stressors; photosystem II-inhibiting herbicide exposure, dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) enrichment and reduced light (due to excess suspended sediment). Exposure to DIN and reduced light generally resulted in additivity, while exposure to diuron and reduced light resulted in additive, antagonistic or synergistic interactions, depending on the stressor intensity, exposure period and biological response. We thus find the context of experimental studies to be a primary driver of interactions. The experimental and modelling approaches used here bridge the gap between two-way designs and regression-based studies, which provides a way forward to identify generalities in multiple stressor interactions.
description: Scripts and data to perform the analyses can also be found at: https://github.com/oliviakpj/Changing_multistressor_interactionsFunding provided by: Australian Government
Crossref Funder Registry ID: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100015539
Award Number: Funding provided by: Australian Research Council
Crossref Funder Registry ID: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000923
Award Number: DP180103124
description: This raw dataset was collected through a series of laboratory exposure experiments - see Supplementary Material, section 'S1. Methods for laboratory-based experimental work'. The data was processed using Microsoft Excel and R statistical software (versionn 4.1.0).
The Municipalities and INSPIRE – Any Connection?
Creators: name: Flensted, Inge
Publisher: name: Geoforum Perspektiv
Year: 2014

description: On the surface, the municipalities are neither data owners nor data systems managers in connection with Denmark's reporting of data to INSPIRE. However, if you dig a little deeper in the actual data reports, you will see that the municipalities are actually suppliers of data on an extensive scale, both through FOT and through Denmark's Area Information, www.arealinfo.dk. And there is no doubt that INSPIRE will provide a framework as well as inspiration for the Danish mapping under the auspices of FOT.
description: Geoforum Perspektiv, Vol 13 No 24 (2014): INSPIRE for good governance - UK edition
The three-body problem
Creators: name: Musielak, Z. E.
name: Quarles, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The three-body problem, which describes three masses interacting through Newtonian gravity without any restrictions imposed on the initial positions and velocities of these masses, has attracted the attention of many scientists for more than 300 years. In this paper, we present a review of the three-body problem in the context of both historical and modern developments. We describe the general and restricted (circular and elliptic) three-body problems, different analytical and numerical methods of finding solutions, methods for performing stability analysis, search for periodic orbits and resonances, and application of the results to some interesting astronomical and space dynamical settings. We also provide a brief presentation of the general and restricted relativistic three-body problems, and discuss their astronomical applications.
description: 49 pages, 10 figures, Published in Reports on Progress in Physics
Common carotid arterial interadventitial distance (diameter) as an indicator of the damaging effects of age and atherosclerosis, a cross-sectional study of the Atherosclerosis Risk in Community Cohort Limited Access Data (ARICLAD), 1987-89
Creators: name: Couper, David
name: Rose, Kathryn M.
Publisher: name: BioMed Central Ltd
Year: 2006

description: Abstract: Background: The effect of age on common carotid artery diameter is unclear for varying atherosclerosis risk levels. Methods: Cross-sectional data from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Limited Access Data set were used to estimate the association of age with B-mode ultrasound common carotid artery diameter for three atherosclerosis risk levels. Based on information from clinical examinations, B-mode ultrasounds, questionnaires, blood and other tests, participants were categorized into three groups: pre-existing disease (prevalent stroke and/or coronary heart disease), high risk group (no pre-existing disease, but prevalent diabetes, hypertension, plaques/ shadowing, body mass index >= 30, current smoking, or hyperlipidemia), and a low risk group (no pre-existing disease, no plaques/shadowing, and no major elevated risk factors). Multivariable linear regression analyses modeled the common carotid artery diameter relationship with age. Results: Age was positively and significantly associated with common carotid artery diameter after risk factor adjustment in the overall sample, but age had a larger effect among persons with evidence of atherosclerosis (interaction p < 0.05). Each year of older age was associated with 0.03 mm larger diameter/year among persons with pre-existing disease, with 0.027 mm larger diameter/ year in the high risk group, but only 0.017 mm/year among the low risk group. Results were qualitatively similar using plaques/shadowing status to indicate atherosclerosis severity. Conclusion: The significant impact of age on common carotid artery diameter among low risk, middle-aged, black and white men and women suggests arterial remodelling may occur in the absence of identified risk factors. The significantly larger impact of age among persons with, compared to persons without identified atherosclerosis or its risk factors, suggests that arterial remodelling may be an indicator of exposure duration.
Are Social Butterflies Funnier? Extraversion as a Predictor for Humor Production
Creators: name: Williams, Bryan
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Personality and Social Contexts
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: This secondary analysis is a thesis study that examines the relationship between extraversion and ratings by blind judges on responses to an open-ended humor production task using data from Sutu, Damian, & Phetmisy (2019).
Collapsing shells, critical phenomena and black hole formation
Creators: name: Cardoso, Vitor
name: Rocha, Jorge V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the gravitational collapse of two thin shells of matter, in asymptotically flat spacetime or constrained to move within a spherical box. We show that this simple two-body system has surprisingly rich dynamics, which includes prompt collapse to a black hole, perpetually oscillating solutions or black hole formation at arbitrarily large times. Collapse is induced by shell crossing and the black hole mass depends sensitively on the number of shell crossings. At certain critical points, the black hole mass exhibits critical behavior, determined by the change in parity (even or odd) of the number of crossings, with or without mass-gap during the transition. Some of the features we observe are reminiscent of confined scalars undergoing "turbulent" dynamics.
description: 5 pages, RevTex 4. v2: minor corrections. To appear in Physical Review D
A new scheme of compact cold atom clock based on diffuse laser cooling in a cylindrical cavity
Creators: name: Liu, Peng
name: Meng, Yanling
name: Wan, Jinyin
name: Wang, Xiumei
name: Wang, Yaning
name: Xiao, Ling
name: Cheng, Huadong
name: Liu, Liang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new scheme of compact Rubidium cold-atom clock which performs the diffuse light cooling, the microwave interrogation and the detection of the clock signal in a cylindrical microwave cavity. The diffuse light is produced by the reflection of the laser light at the inner surface of the microwave cavity. The pattern of injected laser beams is specially designed to make most of the cold atoms accumulate in the center of the microwave cavity. The microwave interrogation of cold atoms in the cavity leads to Ramsey fringes whose line-width is 24.5 Hz and the contrast of 95.6% when the free evolution time is 20 ms. The frequency stability of $7.3\times10^{-13}τ^{-1/2}$ has been achieved recently. The scheme of this physical package can largely reduce the complexity of the cold atom clock, and increase the performance of the clock.
description: 5 pages, 6 figures, 1 table
Topology of striatal motifs in health and disease
Creators: name: Carannante, Ilaria
name: Hjorth, Johannes
name: Bekkouche, Bo
name: Kozlov, Alexander
name: Scolamiero, Martina
name: Kumar, Arvind
name: Chacholski, Wojciech
name: Hellgren Kotaleski, Jeanette
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Poster at FENS Forum, 9-13 July 2022, Paris, France.
2, 4-Diamino-6- hydroxy pyrimidine inhibits NSAIDs induced nitrosyl-complex EPR signals and ulcer in rat jejunum
Creators: name: Somasundaram, S.
Publisher: name: BioMed Central Ltd
Year: 2002

description: Abstract: Background: It has been suggested that one aspect of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs induced intestinal damage is due to either uncoupling of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation or inhibition of electron transport. We investigated the latter possibility using electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy. Results: Electron paramagnetic studies of NSAIDS on sub-mitochondrial particles revealed that indomethacin, but not with nabumetone, bound to a site near to Complex I and ubiquinone to generate a radical species. Normal rats exhibited prominent [3Fe-4S]ox signals (g ~ 2.01) at 20 K. One hour after indomethacin there was a prominent, intense and broad absorption pattern at (g ~2.07) suggesting, appearance of radical species overlapping [3Fe-4S]ox and was unaffected by pretreatment with 2,4 diamino -6-hydroxy pyrimidine. At 24 hrs, when macroscopic ulcers were seen, there was a new signal due to a nitric oxide radical (NO•). In contrast, nabumetone and 2,4 diamino-6-hydroxy pyrimidine pre-treated animals receiving indomethacin exhibited electron paramagnetic resonance spectra identical to those of controls at 24 hrs and neither was associated with small intestinal ulcers. Indomethacin and 2,4 diamino hydroxy pyrimidine pre-treated rats, but not nabumetone, had increased intestinal permeability. Conclusion: The results suggest that the in vivo effects of indomethacin modulate the mitochondrial respiratory chain directly at 1 h and 24 h through formation of nitric oxide. NO• appears to play an important role in the late pathogenic stages of NSAID enteropathy and may be the site for targeted treatment to reduce their toxicity.
Free Geodata Have Made the Number of Users of the Map Supply Website Explode
Creators: name: Steffensen, Bente
name: Colding, Tina Svan
name: Carstens, Anne Marie
Publisher: name: Geoforum Perspektiv
Year: 2014

description: Things have moved fast since the Danish Geodata Agency on 1 January 2013 opened up for everybody to access geographical maps and data freely at the Map Supply website, Kortforsyningen.dk. Kortforsyningen (the Map Supply) has had more than 1.6 billion requests for web services, more than 300,000 files have been downloaded from the FTP server, and the number of users has increased from 800 to more than 13,000. There are also indications that even during the first year of free spatial core data (2013), there have been benefits in the private sector in the form of greater turnover and more jobs.
description: Geoforum Perspektiv, Vol 13 No 24 (2014): INSPIRE for good governance - UK edition
Formation and applications of nanoparticles in silica optical fibers
Creators: name: Blanc, Wilfried
name: Dussardier, Bernard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Optical fibers are the basis for applications that have grown considerably in recent years (telecommunications, sensors, fiber lasers, etc). Despite undeniable successes, it is necessary to develop new generations of amplifying optical fibers that will overcome some limitations typical of silica glass. In this sense, the amplifying Transparent Glass Ceramics (TGC), and particularly the fibers based on this technology, open new perspectives that combine the mechanical and chemical properties of a glass host with the augmented spectroscopic properties of embedded nanoparticles. This paper is an opportunity to make a state of the art on silica-based optical fibers containing nanoparticles of various types, particularly rare-earth-doped oxide nanoparticles, and on the methods for making such fibers. In the first section of this article, we will review basics on standard optical fibers and on nanoparticle-doped fibers. In the second section we will recall some fabrication methods used for standard optical fibers, and in the third section we will describe how TGC fibers can be obtained. This new generation of fibers, initiated a decade ago, already show very positive outlook and results departing from those obtained previously in homogeneous silica fibers. The next few years should see the emergence of new components based on these optical fibers.
Single Top Production at Next-to-Leading Order in the Standard Model Effective Field Theory
Creators: name: Zhang, Cen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Single top production processes at hadron colliders provide information on the relation between the top quark and the electroweak sector of the standard model. We compute the next-to-leading order QCD corrections to the three main production channels: $t$-channel, $s$-channel and $tW$ associated production, in the standard model including operators up to dimension-six. The calculation can be matched to parton shower programs and can therefore be directly used in experimental analyses. The QCD corrections are found to significantly impact the extraction of the current limits on the operators, because both of an improved accuracy and a better precision of the theoretical predictions. In addition, the distributions of some of the key discriminating observables are modified in a nontrivial way, which could change the interpretation of measurements in terms of UV complete models.
description: Typos corrected; refs. added
Puberty-specific promotion of mammary tumorigenesis by a high animal fat diet
Creators: name: Troester, Melissa
name: Kirk, Erin L
name: Pirone, Jason R
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2015

description: Abstract Introduction Increased animal fat consumption is associated with increased premenopausal breast cancer risk in normal weight, but not overweight, women. This agrees with our previous findings in obesity-resistant BALB/c mice, in which exposure to a high saturated animal fat diet (HFD) from peripuberty through adulthood promoted mammary tumorigenesis. Epidemiologic and animal studies support the importance of puberty as a life stage when diet and environmental exposures affect adult breast cancer risk. In this study, we identified the effects of peripubertal exposure to HFD and investigated its mechanism of enhancing tumorigenesis. Methods Three-week-old BALB/c mice fed a low-fat diet (LFD) or HFD were subjected to 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA)-induced carcinogenesis. At 9 weeks of age, half the mice on LFD were switched to HFD (LFD-HFD group) and half the mice on HFD were switched to LFD (HFD-LFD group). Tumor gene expression was evaluated in association with diet and tumor latency. Results The peripubertal HFD reduced the latency of DMBA-induced mammary tumors and was associated with tumor characteristics similar to those in mice fed a continuous HFD. Notably, short-latency tumors in both groups shared gene expression characteristics and were more likely to have adenosquamous histology. Both HFD-LFD and continuous HFD tumors showed similar gene expression patterns and early latency. Adult switch from HFD to LFD did not reverse peripubertal HFD tumor promotion. Increased proliferation, hyperplasia, and macrophages were present in mammary glands before tumor development, implicating these as possible effectors of tumor promotion. Despite a significant interaction between pubertal diet and carcinogens in tumor promotion, peripubertal HFD by itself produced persistent macrophage recruitment to mammary glands. Conclusions In obesity-resistant mice, peripubertal HFD is sufficient to irreversibly promote carcinogen-induced tumorigenesis. Increased macrophage recruitment is likely a contributing factor. These results underscore the importance of early life exposures to increased adult cancer risk and are consistent with findings that an HFD in normal weight premenopausal women leads to increased breast cancer risk. Notably, short-latency tumors occurring after peripubertal HFD had characteristics similar to human basal-like breast cancers that predominantly develop in younger women.
Geodata – Not Just for Maps
Creators: name: Kjems, Erik
Publisher: name: Geoforum Perspektiv
Year: 2014

description: As a lot of the information that we aim to retain by means of geodata, among other things, becomes accessible as real-time information, it is necessary to adapt our systems and data descriptions to these new challenges. Our desire for ever more information increases the demands on the systems and the organisation around geodata. In terms of 'Big Data' and 'the Internet of Things', georeferences can play a decisive role, as they can contribute to keeping track of the data traffic. Is our unified national geodata basis ready for this role?
description: Geoforum Perspektiv, Vol 13 No 24 (2014): INSPIRE for good governance - UK edition
Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS): review of common infectious manifestations and treatment options
Creators: name: Feldman, Charles
name: Murdoch, David
name: Van Rie, Annelies
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2007

description: Abstract The immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) in HIV-infected patients initiating antiretroviral therapy (ART) results from restored immunity to specific infectious or non-infectious antigens. A paradoxical clinical worsening of a known condition or the appearance of a new condition after initiating therapy characterizes the syndrome. Potential mechanisms for the syndrome include a partial recovery of the immune system or exuberant host immunological responses to antigenic stimuli. The overall incidence of IRIS is unknown, but is dependent on the population studied and its underlying opportunistic infectious burden. The infectious pathogens most frequently implicated in the syndrome are mycobacteria, varicella zoster, herpesviruses, and cytomegalovirus (CMV). No single treatment option exists and depends on the underlying infectious agent and its clinical presentation. Prospective cohort studies addressing the optimal screening and treatment of opportunistic infections in patients eligible for ART are currently being conducted. These studies will provide evidence for the development of treatment guidelines in order to reduce the burden of IRIS. We review the available literature on the pathogenesis and epidemiology of IRIS, and present treatment options for the more common infectious manifestations of this diverse syndrome and for manifestations associated with a high morbidity.
Quantum Monte Carlo study of the phase diagram of solid molecular hydrogen at extreme pressures
Creators: name: Drummond, N. D.
name: Monserrat, Bartomeu
name: Lloyd-Williams, Jonathan H.
name: Rios, P. Lopez
name: Pickard, Chris J.
name: Needs, R. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Establishing the phase diagram of hydrogen is a major challenge for experimental and theoretical physics. Experiment alone cannot establish the atomic structure of solid hydrogen at high pressure, because hydrogen scatters X-rays only weakly. Instead our understanding of the atomic structure is largely based on density functional theory (DFT). By comparing Raman spectra for low-energy structures found in DFT searches with experimental spectra, candidate atomic structures have been identified for each experimentally observed phase. Unfortunately, DFT predicts a metallic structure to be energetically favoured at a broad range of pressures up to 400 GPa, where it is known experimentally that hydrogen is nonmetallic. Here we show that more advanced theoretical methods (diffusion quantum Monte Carlo calculations) find the metallic structure to be uncompetitive, and predict a phase diagram in reasonable agreement with experiment. This greatly strengthens the claim that the candidate atomic structures accurately model the experimentally observed phases.
Comparison of real-time PCR and microscopy for malaria parasite detection in Malawian pregnant women
Creators: name: Trottman, Paul A
name: Meshnick, Steven R.
name: Taylor, Steve
Publisher: name: BioMed Central Ltd
Year: 2010

description: Abstract Background New diagnostic tools for malaria are required owing to the changing epidemiology of malaria, particularly among pregnant women in sub-Saharan Africa. Real-time PCR assays targeting Plasmodium falciparum lactate dehydrogenase (pfldh) gene may facilitate the identification of a high proportion of pregnant women with a P. falciparum parasitaemia below the threshold of microscopy. These molecular methods will enable further studies on the effects of these submicroscopic infections on maternal health and birth outcomes. Methods The pfldh real-time PCR assay and conventional microscopy were compared for the detection of P. falciparum from dried blood spots and blood smears collected from the peripheral blood of 475 Malawian women at delivery. A cycle threshold (Ct) of the real-time PCR was determined optimizing the sensitivity and specificity of the pfldh PCR assay compared to microscopy. A real-time PCR species-specific assay was applied to identify the contribution to malaria infections of three Plasmodium species (P. falciparum P. ovale and P. malariae) in 44 discordant smear and pfldh PCR assay results. Results Of the 475 women, P. falciparum was detected in 11 (2.3%) by microscopy and in 51 (10.7%) by real-time PCR; compared to microscopy, the sensitivity of real-time PCR was 90.9% and the specificity 91.2%. If a Ct value of 38 was used as a cut-off, specificity improved to 94.6% with no change in sensitivity. The real-time PCR species-specific assay detected P. falciparum alone in all but four samples: two samples were mixed infections with P. falciparum and P. malariae, one was a pure P. malariae infection and one was a pfldh PCR assay-positive/species-specific assay-negative sample. Of three P. malariae infections detected by microscopy, only one was confirmed by the species-specific assay. Conclusions Although microscopy remains the most appropriate method for clinical malaria diagnosis in field settings, molecular diagnostics such as real-time PCR offer a more reliable means to detect malaria parasites, particularly at low levels. Determination of the possible contribution of these submicroscopic infections to poor birth outcomes and maternal health is critical. For future studies to investigate these effects, this pfldh real-time PCR assay offers a reliable detection method.
Language dominance affects auditory translation priming in heritage speakers
Creators: name: Monahan, Philip
name: Soo, Rachel
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Linguistics
subject: FOS: Languages and literature
subject: Cognitive Psychology
subject: Psycholinguistics and Neurolinguistics
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Auditory Perception
subject: Bilingualism
subject: Cantonese
subject: Heritage Speakers
subject: Lexical Access
subject: Lexical Processing
subject: Repetition Priming

description: Data and code for the paper "Language dominance affects auditory translation priming in heritage speakers". Paper published in the Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology [https://doi.org/10.1177/17470218221091753].
Democratic Backsliding, Understandings of Democracy, and Political Choice: A Survey Experiment in Poland
Creators: name: Wunsch, Natasha
name: Jacob, Marc
name: Derksen, Laurenz
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Comparative Politics
subject: Models and Methods
subject: Political Science
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences

description: In electoral democracies, political actors engaged in democratic backsliding require at least some degree of voter consent. So why do citizens support candidates who endorse undemocratic practices? The bulk of existing research assumes that a common understanding of democracy under-pins citizens’ evaluations of different candidates, leading them to actively trade off undemocratic or illiberal practices against partisan or economic considerations. We question this view by suggesting that different understandings of democracy may coexist in a given electorate, including ones that are at odds with some fundamental stipulations of liberal democracy, such as the separation of powers and independent media. Drawing on the literatures on political culture, political behaviour, and democratisation, we develop a series of hypotheses to probe the influence of divergent understandings of democracy upon candidate choice. We outline a survey experiment articulated around a candidate choice conjoint that serves to evaluate these hypotheses against alternative explanatory factors.