cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Spontaneous Valley Spirals in Magnetically Encapsulated Twisted Bilayer Graphene
Creators: name: Wolf, Tobias M. R.
name: Zilberberg, Oded
name: Blatter, Gianni
name: Lado, Jose L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Van der Waals heterostructures provide a rich platform for emergent physics due to their tunable hybridization of electronic orbital- and spin-degrees of freedom. Here, we show that a heterostructure formed by twisted bilayer graphene sandwiched between ferromagnetic insulators develops flat bands stemming from the interplay between twist, exchange proximity and spin-orbit coupling. We demonstrate that in this flat-band regime, the spin degree of freedom is hybridized, giving rise to an effective triangular superlattice with valley as a degenerate pseudospin degree of freedom. Incorporating electronic interactions at half-filling leads to a spontaneous valley-mixed state, i.e., a correlated state in the valley sector with geometric frustration of the valley spinor. We show that an electric interlayer bias generates an artificial valley-orbit coupling in the effective model, controlling both the valley anisotropy and the microscopic details of the correlated state, with both phenomena understood in terms of a valley-Heisenberg model with easy-plane anisotropic exchange. Our results put forward twisted graphene encapsulated between magnetic van der Waals heterostructures as platforms to explore purely valley-correlated states in graphene.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures and supplementary material (3 pages, 1 figure). Comments are welcome!
title: Self-adapting motion cueing algorithm based on a kinematics reference model
Creators: name: Büchner, Florian
name: Jestädt, Lukas
name: Ivanov, Valentin
name: Bachmann, Thomas
Publisher: name: ilmedia
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 620

description: Due to a number of advantages over traditional development methods, the importance of dynamic driving simulators in automotive research and development has grown continuously in recent years. Motion simulation via motion cueing algorithms contributes significantly to the driving experience and provides the driver with valuable information about the current driving dynamics. The adaptation and tuning process of these algorithms can be difficult and timeconsuming tasks. It needs to be repeated after changes to the vehicle or driving scenario. This paper discusses and presents an adaptive or rather self-adapting motion cueing algorithm (MCA) concept. The approach is based on the integration of a kinematic reference model to dynamically and adaptively adjust the motion behavior dynamically and adaptively. This concept allows to reduce the parameter tuning effort drastically in long term, since the algorithm can adapt itself to different conditions such as vehicle type, driving situation, or driver behavior. In the following, the proposed algorithm structure is explained and illustrated. The advantages of the proposed MCA are demonstrated by an experimental comparison with a classical algorithm. Thereby it is shown how a self-adaptation of the algorithm can proceed and how to avoid violation of workspace boundaries.
description: Engineering for a changing world: Proceedings : 60th ISC, Ilmenau Scientific Colloquium, Technische Universität Ilmenau, September 04-08, 2023
title: Essays on the institutional and financial foundations of local economic development, mobility, and growth
Creators: name: Kampanelis, Sotirios Lampros
Publisher: name: University of St Andrews
Year: 2019

description: This thesis consists of three independent chapters. Chapter 1 describes briefly several schools of thoughts and recent interest regarding economic development. Moreover, it explains the role of historical shocks on economic development and provides an outline of this thesis. The second chapter examines whether there is any long-term effect arising from ancient colonialism on current economic development along the Mediterranean Sea at the local level. More specifically, it is argued that ancient Greek, Phoenician, or Etruscan colonies that were established after the 8 century BC, left their institutional, technological, and cultural legacy perennially. Therefore, in places where there is at least one ancient colony from the abovementioned civilizations, there is higher development at the beginning of the 21st century. The main variables consist of the coordinates of ancient colonies as well as light density at night from the space as an index of development at the local level. The findings suggest that, indeed, in places that we observe at least one Greek, Phoenician and/or Etruscan ancient colony there is higher recent economic development. Several robustness checks validate the initial hypothesis. In the third chapter, it is assumed that the Australian localities which were colonised earlier by Europeans after 1788, experienced higher economic development nowadays. Due to the limitation of technology, the size of Australia and the dissimilar relationships between Europeans and Aboriginals along the Australian coasts, cities were established almost in a random way and time. It is suggested that cities follow a dynamic process of development based on several forces such as technology adoption, institutional development etc. Thus, time is a significant parameter in explaining the development of urban cities. Chapter 4 examines the role of financial environment on intergenerational mobility. In 1994, the United States adopted a reform which permitted the interstate banking. As a consequence, banking competition at the local level increased and impacted on the real economy via changes in household incomes, entrepreneurship, innovation and state-level GDP. While prior literature has provided insights as to the interconnections between these banking reforms and banking, household, firm and macroeconomic outcomes, to date there is no evidence regarding the implications of banking sector deregulation for the economic mobility of individuals. In Chapter 4, the results of an extensive empirical analysis suggest that banking reforms affected the local financial environment and influenced the rates of intergenerational mobility for children.
title: Underlying physics of thermal actuation in composite MEMS
Creators: name: Becker, Sid
name: Gutschmidt, Stefanie
name: Rangelow, Ivo
Publisher: name: ilmedia
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 620

description: Integrated micro- and nano-electromechanical (N/MEMS) sensor and actuator technology has become increasingly important to any applications with parallel processes, which clearly provide advantages in fields such as e.g. high-speed imaging and precision metrology of large substrates. Although micro-fabrication processes for integrated technology are well-established, there remain several fundamental research questions regarding optimized design parameters for an improved performance of sensors and actuators. In this work we investigate the underlying physics of a thermal actuator of a composite MEMS structure for a selected range of design parameters such as e.g. layer thicknesses, number of layers, as well as material properties. We derive and present a one-dimensional heat conduction model of an M-layered composite slab and investigate the heat transfer across three layers using Green’s function. The work, although entirely theoretical here, finds direct meaning and implementation in our ongoing collaborative work on MEMS arrays for Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM).
description: Engineering for a changing world: Proceedings : 60th ISC, Ilmenau Scientific Colloquium, Technische Universität Ilmenau, September 04-08, 2023
Face-on structure of barlenses and boxy bars: an insight from spectral dynamics
Creators: name: Smirnov, Anton A.
name: Tikhonenko, Iliya
name: Sotnikova, Natalia Ya.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on the spectral analysis of individual orbits of stars from different $N$-body models, we show that the face-on morphology of the so-called `face-on peanut' bars (boxy bars) and barlenses is supported by different types of orbits. For `face-on peanut' bars, the so-called boxy orbits come to the fore, and they are responsible for the unusual morphology of the bar in the central regions. In the models with compact bulges, the bars show a barlens morphology in their central parts. We found that the barlens supporting orbits come in two types, one of which gives a square-like shape and the other have a rosette-like shape in the frame co-rotating with the bar. Such a shape is typical for orbits around stable loop orbits in nearly axisymmetric potentials only slightly distorted by the bar. They were already known from some of the previous studies but their role in barlens shaping was barely investigated. Although quite simple, the rosette-like orbits are found to be the main building block of a barlens in our models. The detailed analysis of all bar orbits also allowed us to distinguish the x2 orbital family and isolate the structure supported by orbits trapped around this family. The x2 family is well-known, but, apparently, for the first time in $N$-body models we have revealed the structure it supports by means of spectral dynamics and highlight its contribution to the barlens. We found that the x2 family population increases with an increase in central matter concentration.
description: Published in MNRAS
Recomposing their lives : resettlement and women’s participation in leisure
Creators: name: Suto, Melinda Jane
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The conceptual models that dominate occupational therapy typically take a pragmatic, uncritical view of leisure that encourages practitioners to focus primarily on individual factors. Increasingly occupational therapy clients are 'immigrant women' engaged in resettlement processes that are outside of the occupational therapist's experience. Little empirical research exists to illustrate how recursive features of the resettlement process shape women's leisure. A qualitative study was undertaken to answer the question: How does the process of resettlement in Canada influence the ways women understand and participate in leisure activities? The research sample comprised 14 well-educated women from nine countries all of whom are married and have children. In-depth interviews, conducted in English, were the main data collection method. Descriptions of women's everyday activities and critical theory concepts were used to explicate the social relations that shaped their lives. Four themes arose related to leisure and resettlement. The themes orchestrating the day and connected yet apart highlight the time women spend in resettlement programs, and fulfilling child rearing and household responsibilities with diminished social support. The theme compromised careers reflects the downward occupational mobility women experience related to credentialing challenges. The theme socializing is the key to leisure captures how leisure participation is linked to language issues, family, and diminished time and money for leisure resulting from underemployment. Bourdieu's (1991) concept of capital was used to analyze the themes which showed how linguistic, economic and cultural capital function together to influence leisure activities. The ability to negotiate linguistic capital through the use of English was found to be most influential. Language skills, unemployment and family responsibilities intersected with policies that govern women's lives to create barriers to leisure participation. The intersection of time constraints, language abilities, diminished social support, career changes and gendered domestic activities contribute to how women understand and participate in leisure. The research findings show that leisure definitions, meanings and women's participation are strongly influenced by aspects of the environment, which women must negotiate to reconstruct their lives. Occupational therapy conceptual models should incorporate critical theories to better understand how these intersecting environmental forces help shape leisure participation for 'immigrant women.'
title: FEM simulation of wire drawing
Creators: name: Otto, Christian
name: Geinitz, Veronika
name: Kletzin, Ulf
name: Reich, René
Publisher: name: ilmedia
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 620

description: The paper deals with the finite element simulation of wire drawing processes with focus on unalloyed carbon steels. Based on the development of suitable material models as a basis for the simulation model, the forming processes are analyzed over several drawing stages for different drawing regimes. The simulation model is validated by comparing the simulation results with measured values. For the description of the forming behavior, the damage developments of the wire during the multi-stage forming are specifically analyzed. Subsequently, forming limits are derived by correlating the calculated damage with mechanical parameters of the wires. The validation of the damage models used is made possible by an FE parameter study, within which a targeted variation of the drawing die geometry takes place at a specific drawing stage. The paper is concluded by the verification of the results obtained theoretically by practical tests on a wire drawing machine using critical drawing die geometries.
description: Engineering for a changing world: Proceedings : 60th ISC, Ilmenau Scientific Colloquium, Technische Universität Ilmenau, September 04-08, 2023
Temperature dependence of the EPR linewidth of Yb3+ - ions in Y0.99Yb0.01Ba2Cu3OX compounds: Evidence for an anomaly near TC
Creators: name: Gafurov, M. R.
name: Aminov, L. K.
name: Kurkin, I. N.
name: Izotov, V. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electron paramagnetic resonance experiments on doped Yb3+ ions in YBaCuO compounds with different oxygen contents have been made. We have observed the strong temperature dependence of the EPR linewidth in the all investigated samples caused by the Raman processes of spin-lattice relaxation. The spin-lattice relaxation rate anomaly revealed near TC in the superconducting species can be assigned to the phonon density spectrum changes
description: 10 pages, 4 figures Renewed version
Persistence analysis of velocity and temperature fluctuations in convective surface layer turbulence
Creators: name: Chowdhuri, Subharthi
name: Kalmár-Nagy, Tamás
name: Banerjee, Tirtha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Persistence is defined as the probability that the local value of a fluctuating field remains at a particular state for a certain amount of time, before being switched to another state. The concept of persistence has been found to have many diverse practical applications, ranging from non-equilibrium statistical mechanics to financial dynamics to distribution of time scales in turbulent flows and many more. In this study, we carry out a detailed analysis of the statistical characteristics of the persistence probability density functions (PDFs) of velocity and temperature fluctuations in the surface layer of a convective boundary layer, using a field-experimental dataset. Our results demonstrate that for the time scales smaller than the integral scales, the persistence PDFs of turbulent velocity and temperature fluctuations display a clear power-law behaviour, associated with self-similar eddy cascading mechanism. Moreover, we also show that the effects of non-Gaussian temperature fluctuations act only at those scales which are larger than the integral scales, where the persistence PDFs deviate from the power-law and drop exponentially. Furthermore, the mean time scales of the negative temperature fluctuation events persisting longer than the integral scales are found to be approximately equal to twice the integral scale in highly convective conditions. However, with stability this mean time scale gradually decreases to almost being equal to the integral scale in the near neutral conditions. Contrarily, for the long positive temperature fluctuation events, the mean time scales remain roughly equal to the integral scales, irrespective of stability.
Spin-orbit coupling suppression and singlet-state blocking of spin-triplet Cooper pairs
Creators: name: Komori, Sachio
name: Devine-Stoneman, James
name: Ohnishi, Kohei
name: Yang, Guang
name: Devizorova, Zhanna
name: Mironov, Sergey
name: Montiel, Xavier
name: Olthof, Linde A. B. Olde
name: Cohen, Lesley F.
name: Kurebayashi, Hidekazu
name: Blamire, Mark G.
name: Buzdin, Alexandre I.
name: Robinson, Jason W. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An inhomogeneous magnetic exchange field at a superconductor/ferromagnet interface converts spin-singlet Cooper pairs to a spin-aligned (i.e. spin-polarized) triplet state. Although the decay envelope of such triplet pairs within ferromagnetic materials is well studied, little is known about their decay in non-magnetic metals and superconductors, and in particular in the presence of spin-orbit coupling (SOC). Here we investigate devices in which triplet supercurrents are injected into the s-wave superconductor Nb. In the normal state of Nb, triplet supercurrents decay over a distance of 5 nm, which is an order of magnitude smaller than the decay of spin singlet pairs due to the SOC interacting with the spin associated with triplet pairs. In the superconducting state of Nb, triplet supercurrents are not able to couple with the singlet wavefunction and thus blocked by the absence of available equilibrium states in the singlet gap. The results offer new insight into the dynamics between s-wave singlet and s-wave triplet states.
description: 19 pages, 5 figures
Additional file 1 of Challenge infection model for MERS-CoV based on naturally infected camels
Creators: name: Alharbi, Naif Khalaf
name: Ibrahim, Osman H.
name: Alhafufi, Ali
name: Kasem, Samy
name: Aldowerij, Ali
name: Albrahim, Raed
name: Abu-Obaidah, Ali
name: Alkarar, Ali
name: Bayoumi, Faisal Altaib
name: Almansour, Ali Mohammed
name: Musaad Aldubaib
name: Hail M. Al-Abdely
name: Balkhy, Hanan H.
name: Qasim, Ibrahim
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Anti-S1 MERS-CoV antibodies in young camels among different herds in Saudi Arabia. Camels were considered positive if ELISA ratio was 1.1 (confirmed positive) or > 0.8 (borderline/ indeterminate positive). Herds were from Qassim (Q) or Jouf (J) provinces of Saudi Arabia. Table S2. RT-qPCR detection for UpE and ORF1a genes of MERS-CoV in experimental and naturally infected camels. Camels were tested in RT-qPCR assay that detects two amplicons: UpE and ORF1a regions. Ct values are reported as detected. Samples that showed no detection were given the arbitrary value of Ct = 40. C indicates a camel followed by a camel number. Figure S1. Layout of the research farm. Distances in the layout are shown in metre (m). Each barn has donning and doffing dedicated areas. The study took place in Barn 1.
Financial Characteristics of North Dakota Farms 2000-2009
Creators: name: Swenson, Andrew L.
name: Swenson, Andrew L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: Financial Economics
subject: Farm financial management
subject: farm management
subject: farm income
subject: liquidity
subject: solvency
subject: profitability
subject: repayment capacity
subject: financial efficiency
subject: financial benchmarks
subject: tenure
subject: North Dakota.

description: The performance of over 500 North Dakota farms, 2000-2009, is summarized using 16 financial measures. Farms are categorized by geographic region, farm type, farm size, gross cash sales, farm tenure, net farm income, debt-to-asset, and age of farmer to analyze relationships between financial performance and farm characteristics. Five-year averages, 2004-2008, are also presented. In 2009, median and average acreage per farm was 1,995 and 2,516, respectively. Median and average cash farm revenue was $430,321 and $558,305, respectively. Over 70% of farms were crop farms and 42 percent of farms had gross sales exceeding $500,000. Median age of farm operators was 47. Median net farm income in 2009, $47,547, was down sharply from $114,520 in 2008 and $127,791 in 2007. Financial measures for 2007-2008 were much superior to those in other years for the 2000-2009 period. The Red River Valley and crop farms typically had stronger profitability, solvency, and repayment capacity from 2000 to 2009 than other regions and farm types, respectively. Exceptions were 2007 and 2009 when the north central region had the best regional performance and 2005 when the south central region and livestock farms had better performance. The 2009 median net farm income was $70,912 for crop farms and $11,392 for livestock farms. Farms with sales less than $250,000 were over twice as likely to have debt-to-asset higher than 70 percent than were farms with sales greater than $250,000. Farms that own some crop land, but less than 40 percent were more likely to be crop farms, farm more acreage, have larger sales, and be more profitable. As expected, solvency and percent of crop land owned increased with farmer age. Rate of return on equity greater than rate of return on assets, which indicates that debt capital was employed profitably, was achieved nine years in the past decade by farms with greater than $500,000 gross cash income but never by the farm group with less than $100,000 gross cash income. Median net farm income as a percent of gross revenue was the lowest of the decade in 2009, 13.4 percent, after peaking at 30.6 percent in 2007. It ranged from 14.0 to 19.6 percent from 2001 to 2006.
title: Behaviour of FRP-sandwich structures for lightweight composite springs in static and cyclic torsional load cases
Creators: name: Petrich, Martin
name: Weimann, Tom-Luis
name: Thein, Ludwig
name: Kletzin, Ulf
Publisher: name: ilmedia
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 620

description: Fiber-reinforced polymers (FRP) are established as high-tech materials for special purposes such as racing cars, planes or bicycles. Nowadays, they are increasingly used for functional parts and machine elements. For lightweight optimization, FRP sandwich structures can be used, which also appear to be suitable for spring applications. But material data availability is often limited for UD-specimen or specific load cases, which makes it difficult to use FRPs for technical springs. In order to reduce this gap and to facilitate the development of new applications, this paper deals with the basic static and cyclic behavior of FRP sandwich strips under torsional load. Therefore, manufacturing methods have been developed, to produce FRP strip specimens with GFRP and CFRP shells containing various core materials. An analytical model was used to describe the static behavior, which shows decent agreement with test results. Initial studies on fatigue characteristics of these strips were carried out as well as tests on associated volute springs. The results contribute to composite lightweight spring design and could extend the range of applications for composite springs in the future.
description: Engineering for a changing world: Proceedings : 60th ISC, Ilmenau Scientific Colloquium, Technische Universität Ilmenau, September 04-08, 2023
Quantum Zeno effect under continuous spin noise measurement in a quantum dot-micropillar cavity
Creators: name: Leppenen, N. V.
name: Lanco, L.
name: Smirnov, D. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically describe the quantum Zeno effect in a spin-photon interface represented by a charged quantum dot in a micropillar cavity. The electron spin in this system entangles with the polarization of the transmitted photons, and their continuous detection leads to the slowing of the electron spin precession in external magnetic field and induces the spin relaxation. We obtain a microscopic expression for the spin measurement rate and calculate the second and fourth order correlation functions of the spin noise, which evidence the change of the spin statistics due to the quantum Zeno effect. We demonstrate, that the quantum limit for the spin measurement can be reached for any probe frequency using the homodyne nondemolition spin measurement, which maximizes the rate of the quantum information gain.
description: 14 pages, 9 figures
ЖИСМОНИЙ ТАРБИЯ ВА СПОРТ СОҲАСИ ТАДҚИҚОТЛАРИГА ИЛМИЙ ШАРҲ: МУАММОДАН АМАЛИЙ НАТИЖА САРИ
Creators: name: Илҳомжон Ахмедович Турсуналиев
Publisher: name: Academic research in educational sciences
Year: 2021
Subjects: ўзбек тили
жисмоний тарбия
спорт
тадқиқот
“спорт” семемали бирлик
спорт атамашунослиги

description: Ушбу мақолада 2016-2021 йилларда Ўзбекистон Республикасида ўзбек тили ихтисослигидан жисмоний тарбия ва спорт атамаларига боғлиқ муаммоларнинг таҳлили ва истиқбол тадқиқотлар зарурати ҳақида фикрмулоҳазалар баён этилган
Negative chemical pressure effects induced by Y substitution for Ca on the exotic magnetic behavior of spin-chain compound, Ca3Co2O6
Creators: name: Rayaprol, S.
name: Sampathkumaran, E. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The magnetic behavior of a solid solution, Ca3-xYxCo2O6, based on an exotic spin-chain compound, Ca3Co2O6, crystallizing in K4CdCl6-derived rhombohedral structure is investigated. Among the compositions investigated (x= 0.0, 0.3, 0.5, 0.75 and 1.0), single phase formation persists up to x= 0.75, with the elongation of the c-axis. The present investigations reveal that the temperature at which the partially disordered antiferromagnetic structure sets in (which occurs at 24 K for the parent compound, x= 0.0) undergoes gradual reduction with the substitution of Y for Ca, attaining the value of about 2.2 K for the nominal x = 1.0. The trend observed in this characteristic temperature is opposite to that reported under external pressure, thereby establishing that Y substitution exerts negative chemical pressure. Anomalous steps observed in the isothermal magnetization at very low temperatures (around 2 K) for x= 0.0, which have been proposed to arise from quantum tunneling effects are found to vanish by a small substitution (x = 0.3) of Y for Ca. Systematics in ac and dc magnetic susceptibility behavior with Y substitution for Ca have also been probed. We believe that the present results involving the expansion of chain length without disrupting the magnetic chain may be useful to the overall understanding of the novel magnetism of the parent compound.
description: Pramana - J. Phys. 65 (2005) 491
The impact of support for imports on food security in Indonesia
Creators: name: Rusastra, I Wayan
name: Napitupulu, Togar Alam
name: Bourgeois, Robin
name: Rusastra, I Wayan
name: Napitupulu, Togar Alam
name: Bourgeois, Robin
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Production Economics
subject: IMPORTS
subject: EXPORTS
subject: FOOD
subject: ECURITY
subject: SOYBEANS
subject: SUGAR
subject: MILK
subject: FOOD AID

description: This study on the impact of import support on food security was conducted in eight developing countries -including Indonesia- that were facing food insecurity and were recipients of subsidized exports and food aid. In Indonesia, the analysis of import flows in comparison with overall production and consumption data led to the selection of the three import substitute commodities, soybean, sugar and milk, that were the focus of this study. The objective of the study was to provide an analysis of the national impact of export support measures on food security, by taking into account their impact on the producers and consumers of the three commodities.
A Portfolio Approach for the New Zealand Multi-Species Fisheries Management
Creators: name: Yang, Ming Ming
name: Sharp, Basil M.H.
name: Sbai, Erwann
name: Yang, Ming Ming
name: Sharp, Basil M.H.
name: Sbai, Erwann
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: Agribusiness
Environmental Economics and Policy
Production Economics
Productivity Analysis
Risk and Uncertainty

description: Marine species are reproducible resource. Maintaining the stock level of marine species and the sustainability of fisheries development become critical issues in current scientific research areas due to the explosion of human population and exacerbation of natural environment. The traditional method that protects the marine species is the single species approach which set maximum sustainable yield (MSY) to prevent over-harvest. However, with the development of technology and comprehension of marine science, the single species approach has been found obsolete and incapable of dealing with problems of severe depletion of fish stocks and escalation of fisheries confliction. Studies show that when regulations are species specific and species are part of a multi-species fisheries, the catch levels of different species are correlated which result in correlation of net return from each species. This paper employ financial portfolio into fisheries, treat fish stocks as assets, model the fishers’ behaviour who face multiple targeting options to predict the optimal targeting strategies. This methodology is applied to New Zealand fisheries that are managed in Quota Management System (QMS) introduced in 1986. Species considered in this research are selected carefully based on two criteria. Efficient risk-return frontier will be generated that provides a combination of optimal strategies. Comparison between results and actual data will be presented. Potential explanations will be given so that further suggestions to fisheries can be made.
ЁРИТКИЧЛИ ФЕРОМОН ТУТҚИЧЛАРНИ ТУТ ПАРВОНАСИГА ҚАРШИ ҚЎЛЛАШНИНГ САМАРАДОРЛИГИ
Creators: name: М. И. Тожиева
name: З. Ғ. Носирова
Publisher: name: Academic research in educational sciences
Year: 2021
Subjects: тут парвонаси
феромон тутқич
ёриткич
ёруғлик диоди

description: Тут парвонасига қарши курашишда ёриткичли феромон тутқичларни қўллашнинг самарадорлигини аниқлаш бўйича олиб борилган тажрибалар натижаларининг таҳлили келтирилди. Тажрибаларда антиоксидантли феромон моддаси шимдирилган мато ва 365-370 нм тўлқин узунлигида ультабинафша нурланиш дипазонида ишловчи 2 та ёруғлик диоди асосида ишлайдиган ёриткич жойлаштирилган феромон тутқичлардан фойдаланилди. Олинган натижаларининг таҳлилига кўра, ёриткичли феромон тутқичларга илинган тут парвонаси капалаклари ёриткичи бўлмаган тутқичларга нисбатан 2,15 марта кўпроқ бўлиши ҳамда тунги пайтда илинган капалаклар миқдори кун давомида илинган капалаклар миқдорига нисбатан тахминан 1,75 марта кўпроқ бўлиши кузатилди
The Higgs Boson Mass in Split Supersymmetry at Two-Loops
Creators: name: Binger, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The mass of the Higgs boson in the Split Supersymmetric Standard Model is calculated, including all one-loop threshold effects and the renormalization group evolution of the Higgs quartic coupling through two-loops. The two-loop corrections are very small (<<1 GeV), while the one-loop threshold corrections generally push the Higgs mass down several GeV.
description: 17 pages. 4 figures. Improved discussion and notation. Corrected typos. Added references. Added plots. Main results unchanged
Visualization by scanning SQUID microscopy of the intermediate state in the superconducting Dirac semimetal PdTe${}_2$
Creators: name: Garcia-Campos, P.
name: Huang, Y. K.
name: de Visser, A.
name: Hasselbach, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Dirac semimetal PdTe${}_2$ becomes superconducting at a temperature $T_{c}=1.6$~K. Thermodynamic and muon spin rotation experiments support type-I superconductivity, which is unusual for a binary compound. A key property of a type-I superconductor is the intermediate state which presents a coexistence of superconducting and normal domains (flux structures) at magnetic fields lower than the thermodynamic critical field $H_{c}$. By means of scanning SQUID microscopy (SSM) we observe flux structures in the superconducting state of PdTe${}_2$. The flux structures are strongly history dependent with a transition from round shapes to laminar shapes as the magnetic field is more and more increased. The field amplitudes measured at the surface are indicative for the presence of Landau branching. The domain wall width in the intermediate state has been determined.
description: 8 pages 5 figures
Patient evaluated economic impact of keratoconus in New Zealand
Creators: name: Angelo, Lize
name: Gokul, Akilesh
name: Samuels, Isaac
name: McGhee, Charles NJ
name: Ziaei, Mohammed
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: Few studies have investigated the economic burden of keratoconus to patients and society including a patient’s lifetime expenditure. Analysing disease cost is important in advocating funding and planning for appropriate management and treatment. Keratoconus can be an expensive disease, including costs associated with visual rehabilitation and surgery. This study aimed to assess direct and indirect expenditures incurred by keratoconus subjects, to estimate the lifetime per capita cost and the total costs of keratoconus per year in Auckland, New Zealand. A cross-sectional study where participants with keratoconus were recruited from public and private clinics to complete an anonymous questionnaire. A keratoconus health expenditure questionnaire was used to assess direct and indirect expenditures for participants. Estimated lifetime per capita costs and total direct and indirect costs associated with keratoconus were calculated. Responses from 110 participants were recorded. Most participants (55.5%) were between the ages of 21 and 30, 59.1% were male, and Pacific People were over-represented (14.5%) compared to the national population. The prevalence of visual rehabilitation was low with 74.5% of participants never wearing contact lenses and 32.7% of subjects wearing spectacles purchased over 24 months prior. Few participants (26.5%) had subsidised care, including private health insurance with optical cover or the contact lens subsidy. Total direct and indirect costs are estimated to be NZD 30.9 million per year with an estimated lifetime per capita out-of-pocket cost of NZD 79,254. Subjects with keratoconus experience significant direct and indirect costs with limited subsidisation from the government and private health insurance. The significant out-of-pocket costs required for managing keratoconus are likely a significant barrier to accessing appropriate visual rehabilitation in New Zealand.
IQTISODIY SAVODXONLIK NIMA?
Creators: name: Yusupova, Shohzoda
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Ushbu maqolada savodxonlik, iqtisodiy-moliyaviy savodxonlik tushunchalariga ta’riflar keltirilgan bo’lib, xalqaro tajribalar taqqoslangan. Iqtisodiy savodxonlikning ahamiyati odamlarning sarflash va tejash bo'yicha mantiqiy qarorlar qabul qilishlari uchun birinchi o'ringa chiqadi.
title: On the bending collapse behavior of rectangular hollow steel shapes of various thicknesses
Creators: name: Lavayen Farfan, Daniel
name: Yarasca Huanacune, Jorge
name: Butenegro García, José
name: López Boada, María
name: Rodríguez Hernández, Jorge
Publisher: name: ilmedia
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 620

description: Rectangular hollow steel shapes are widely used in numerous engineering areas due to their availability and price. In large vehicles, such as buses, these shapes also contribute to the overall crashworthiness of the vehicle, as they absorb most of the kinetic energy of an impact, and dissipate it as localized plastic deformation during a process known as bending collapse. Since a correct calculation of the crashworthiness of a structure is vital to ensure the safety of the occupants of a vehicle, special care must be taken to address the bending collapse behavior, as it is a major energy absorption mechanism. This research aims to investigate the effects and influence of thickness of the hollow shape on the bending collapse characteristics, and thus on the crashworthiness of a vehicle. Furthermore, regulations regarding crashworthiness often require some sort of experimental validation of the zones that undergo bending collapse. However, since there is no standardized test for bending collapse, the results from two types of experimental setups are compared, to study the influence of the setup on the bending collapse behavior. The results provide a detailed understanding of the failure modes of these shapes under bending loads. Additionally, the research provides insights into the design and optimization of rectangular hollow steel shapes, which will be useful to engineers and designers in the selection of thicknesses that are most appropriate for specific applications.
description: Engineering for a changing world: Proceedings : 60th ISC, Ilmenau Scientific Colloquium, Technische Universität Ilmenau, September 04-08, 2023
An Experimental Economic Analysis of Carbon Trading Options for Australia
Creators: name: Tisdell, John G.
name: Grainger, Corinne
name: Tisdell, John G.
name: Grainger, Corinne
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Carbon trading
subject: emissions trading
subject: future markets

description: Australia is currently developing a carbon emissions trading program. The Garnaut report recommendations include options for emissions trajectories, coverage, permit allocation, inter-temporality, governance and compliance. This paper reports the results of a series of economic experiments in which we explored spot and future markets given high and low levels of carbon credit reductions. The results provide important insights to the current debate in Australia and highlight the importance of well crafted market design.
Painleve property and the first integrals of nonlinear differential equations
Creators: name: Kudryashov, N. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Link between the Painleve property and the first integrals of nonlinear ordinary differential equations in polynomial form is discussed. The form of the first integrals of the nonlinear differential equations is shown to determine by the values of the Fuchs indices. Taking this idea into consideration we present the algorithm to look for the first integrals of the nonlinear differential equations in the polynomial form. The first integrals of five nonlinear ordinary differential equations are found. The general solution of one of the fourth ordinary differential equations is given.
description: 22 pages
Beyond Economic Instruments - Social Capital, Governance and Rural Institutional Innovation
Creators: name: Murray, Catherine
name: Murray, Catherine
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Political Economy
subject: social capital
subject: institutions
subject: governance
subject: central and eastern Europe

description: Economic instruments, or market based instruments try to bring market advantages to social dilemma situations, where private actions do not lead to socially optimal outcomes. Economic instruments try to redress such market failure. They try to create incentives for firms and individuals to act in the public interest. Such situations can be regarded as ‘social dilemma’. An alternative mechanism to solve social dilemma is to use cooperation amongst individuals, by facilitating and utilising social capital. The use of social capital is remains largely underexplored as a policy option, although this trend is changing, most notably in European rural development. Using evidence from research conducted on agricultural and rural institutions in central and Eastern Europe, where extreme institutional change was caused by political shocks to the system, it is argued that policy is best directed at stimulating institutional innovation, through social capital formation. There are lessons applicable to problems evident in rural New Zealand.
Changes In The Regulatory Environment Of New Zealand’s Marine Fisheries 1970 To 2003
Creators: name: Walshe, Kim
name: Walshe, Kim
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Regulation
subject: commercial and recreational fishing
subject: QMS

description: This paper evaluates changes in the fisheries regulation environment in New Zealand’s marine fisheries from 1970 to 2003. The quota management system was heralded as the introduction of a market based reform, with a move away from input controls to output controls. The QMS impacted primarily on the commercial sector but also the recreational sector. It was hypothesized (by policy advisors and policy makers) that the QMS would lead to less government intervention and less regulation for the commercial sector. The paper presents findings that suggest the expectations of policy makers may have been misplaced.
The Waikato River Settlement and Natural Resource Management in New Zealand
Creators: name: Steenstra, Alex
name: Steenstra, Alex
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Political Economy
subject: water
subject: cultural values
subject: natural resource economics
subject: co-management

description: This paper examines the Waikato River Agreement in Principle by considering the implications of accommodating cultural values in natural resource management for the Waikato River and New Zealand. Economics will continue to play an integral part in the management of the Waikato River and natural resources in New Zealand. The settlement provides an opportunity to rethink how to incorporate Maori knowledge, cultural and social relationships, and social, cultural, and economic wellbeing in an integrated, holistic, and coordinated approach.
CPGD: Cadzow Plug-and-Play Gradient Descent for Generalised FRI
Creators: name: Simeoni, Matthieu
name: Besson, Adrien
name: Hurley, Paul
name: Vetterli, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Finite rate of innovation (FRI) is a powerful reconstruction framework enabling the recovery of sparse Dirac streams from uniform low-pass filtered samples. An extension of this framework, called generalised FRI (genFRI), has been recently proposed for handling cases with arbitrary linear measurement models. In this context, signal reconstruction amounts to solving a joint constrained optimisation problem, yielding estimates of both the Fourier series coefficients of the Dirac stream and its so-called annihilating filter, involved in the regularisation term. This optimisation problem is however highly non convex and non linear in the data. Moreover, the proposed numerical solver is computationally intensive and without convergence guarantee. In this work, we propose an implicit formulation of the genFRI problem. To this end, we leverage a novel regularisation term which does not depend explicitly on the unknown annihilating filter yet enforces sufficient structure in the solution for stable recovery. The resulting optimisation problem is still non convex, but simpler since linear in the data and with less unknowns. We solve it by means of a provably convergent proximal gradient descent (PGD) method. Since the proximal step does not admit a simple closed-form expression, we propose an inexact PGD method, coined as Cadzow plug-and-play gradient descent (CPGD). The latter approximates the proximal steps by means of Cadzow denoising, a well-known denoising algorithm in FRI. We provide local fixed-point convergence guarantees for CPGD. Through extensive numerical simulations, we demonstrate the superiority of CPGD against the state-of-the-art in the case of non uniform time samples.
description: 16 pages, 8 figures
title: Relaxation behavior of (cylindrical) helical compression springs
Creators: name: Schleichert, Johannes
name: Kletzin, Ulf
Publisher: name: ilmedia
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 620

description: This paper deals with the relaxation behavior of helical compression springs made out of different types of spring steel wire. The starting point of the examinations marks the creep and relaxation behavior of similar preprocessed wires prior to the cold forming under torsional stress. In this context the main influencing factors regarding creep deformations and relaxation losses are discussed and the particular findings contrasted, which allows for transfer factors to be deducted. The mathematical models forming the evaluation basis of the experimental data are based upon the NORTON-BAILEY creep law and utilized to determine creep specific characteristics and identify material constants. Doing so enables the deviation of calculating instructions to estimate the relaxation losses of helical compression springs based on numerous influencing factors. Applying those calculation methods facilitates the deduction of relaxation figures as well as recommendations regarding the manufacturing process in order to achieve springs with favorable relaxation behavior.
description: Engineering for a changing world: Proceedings : 60th ISC, Ilmenau Scientific Colloquium, Technische Universität Ilmenau, September 04-08, 2023
A layered model for non-thermal radio emission from single O stars
Creators: name: Van Loo, S.
name: Runacres, M. C.
name: Blomme, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a model for the non-thermal radio emission from bright O stars, in terms of synchrotron emission from wind-embedded shocks. The model is an extension of an earlier one, with an improved treatment of the cooling of relativistic electrons. This improvement limits the synchrotron-emitting volume to a series of fairly narrow layers behind the shocks. We show that the width of these layers increases with increasing wavelength, which has important consequences for the shape of the spectrum. We also show that the strongest shocks produce the bulk of the emission, so that the emergent radio flux can be adequately described as coming from a small number of shocks, or even from a single shock. A single shock model is completely determined by four parameters: the position of the shock, the compression ratio and velocity jump of the shock, and the surface magnetic field. Applying a single shock model to the O5 If star Cyg OB2 No. 9 allows a good determination of the compression ratio and shock position and, to a lesser extent, the magnetic field and velocity jump. Our main conclusion is that strong shocks need to survive out to distances of a few hundred stellar radii. Even with multiple shocks, the shocks needed to explain the observed emission are stronger than predictions from time-dependent hydrodynamical simulations.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures, accepted by Astronomy and Astrophysics