cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
On the Efficient Design of Network Resilient to Electro-Magnetic Pulse Attack -- Elastic Optical Network Case Study
Creators: name: Goścień, Róża
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The telecommunication networks have become an indispensable part of our everyday life, providing support for such important areas as business, education, health care, finances, entertainment and social life. Alongside their continuous and uninterrupted operation is required while numerous new threats and attack scenarios emerge. The international security organisations warn against increasing likelihood of nuclear weapon or electro-magnetic pulse (EMP) attacks, which can be extremely harmful also for transport networks. On that background, we study efficient design of network resilient to EMP attack wherein the required protection level is provided by the application of multipath routing and military grade bunkers (advanced electro-magnetic radiation resilient approaches protecting whole network node) implementation. Formally, we define and study problem of bunkers location, routing and spectrum allocation (BLRSA) in elastic optical network (EON). In the problem objective we address two criteria - network resilience (measured by the average lost flow per potential attack) and spectrum usage. For that problem we propose integer linear programming (ILP) model and two dedicated heuristics - 1S-RSA and 2S-RSA. Then, we perform extensive numerical experiments divided into three parts: (i) tuning of the proposed approaches, (ii) comparison with reference methods, (iii) realistic case study - efficient EMP-resilient network design. In the case study we analyze benefits and costs of the proposed protection scheme. Moreover, we also analyze vulnerabilities of three realistic network topologies to EMP attacks and identify their critical nodes. The investigation proves high efficiency of the proposed approaches and shows that they allow to save up to 90% of traffic lost in the case of no protection against these types of attacks.
Confirmation Of Two New Galactic Bulge Globular Clusters: FSR 19 and FSR 25
Creators: name: Obasi, Casmir
name: Gomez, Matias
name: Minniti, Dante
name: Alonso-Garcia, Javier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Globular clusters (GCs) in the Milky Way (MW) bulge are very difficult to study because: i) they suffer from the severe crowding and galactic extinction; which are characteristic of these inner Galactic regions ii) they are more prone to be affected by dynamical processes. Therefore, they are relatively faint and difficult to map. However, deep near-infrared photometry like that provided by the VISTA Variables in the Via Láctea Extended Survey (VVVX) is allowing us to map GCs in this crucial yet relatively uncharted region. Our results confirm with high confidence that both FSR 19 and FSR 25 are genuine MW bulge GCs. Each of the performed tests and resulting parameters provides clear evidence for the GC nature of these targets. We derive distances of 7.2$\pm$0.7 kpc and D=7.0$\pm$0.6 (corresponding to distance moduli of 14.29$\pm$0.08 and 14.23$\pm$0.07) for FSR 19 and FSR 25, respectively. Their ages and metallicities are 11 Gyr and [Fe/H]= -0.5 dex for both clusters, which were determined from Dartmouth and PARSEC isochrone fitting. The integrated luminosities are M$_{Ks}$(FSR 19) = -7.72 mag and M$_{Ks}$(FSR 25) = -7.31 mag which places them in the faint tail of the GC Luminosity Function. By adopting a King profile for their number distribution, we determine their core and tidal radii ($r_c$, $r_t$). For FSR 19, r$_{c}$= 2.76$\pm$0.36 pc and r$_{t}$=5.31$\pm$0.49 pc, while FSR 25 appears more extended with r$_{c}$= 1.92$\pm$0.59 pc and r$_{t}$=6.85$\pm$1.78 pc. Finally their mean GC PMs (from Gaia EDR3) are $μ_{α^\ast}$= -2.50 $\pm$0.76 mas $yr^{-1}$, $μ_δ$= -5.02 $\pm$0.47 mas $yr^{-1}$ and $μ_{α^\ast}$= -2.61 $\pm$ 1.27 mas $yr^{-1}$ , $μ_δ$= -5.23 $\pm$0.74 mas $yr^{-1}$ for FSR 19 and FSR 25, respectively. }
Integer vs. half-integer spin on an approximate honeycomb lattice
Creators: name: Stewart, Veronica J.
name: Chamorro, Juan R.
name: McQueen, Tyrel M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent interest in honeycomb lattice materials has focused on their potential to host quantum spin liquid (QSL) states. Variations in bond angles and spin allow a range of interesting behaviors on this lattice, from the predicted QSL ground state of the Kitaev model to exotic magnetic orders. Here we report the physical properties of two compounds with rare earths on an approximate honeycomb lattice. The isostructural compounds Nd$_2$S$_5$Sn (J = $\frac{9}{2}$) and Pr$_2$S$_5$Sn (J = 4) permit a direct comparison of half-integer versus integer spins on this lattice. We find strikingly different magnetic properties for the two compounds. Nd$_2$S$_5$Sn orders antiferromagnetically at T$_N$ $\approx$ 2.5 K, and undergoes several magnetic transitions to other ordered states under applied field. Pr$_2$S$_5$Sn displays no magnetic ordering transition above T = 0.41 K, and may be proximate to a spin liquid state.
description: 8 pages, 9 figures
Through bolt connections for composite columns
Creators: name: McLellan, Andrew Bruce
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2008

description: The use of concrete filled hollow structural sections as columns in buildings and bridges has many advantages and is steadily becoming more popular. The coimection of steel beams to such columns has been a controversial issue, mainly because the transfer of the beam shear to an axial load in the concrete core is not well understood. Friction is often relied upon to transfer loads although some design codes require direct bearing on the concrete. The development of an inexpensive connection which bears directly against the concrete was embarked upon to improve the versatility and cost-effectiveness of composite columns in buildings. Connections typically used in steel construction were studied. From this study, the concept of "through bolt connections" evolved, resulting in a system with great versatility that can be used for many different configurations of connections and structural types. An experimental study was undertaken to examine the shear load transfer to the concrete core. Square hollow sections, 305x305x12 mm and 1500 mm long, were filled with 30 MPa concrete, to which W460x61 beams were attached with 25 mm high strength steel bolts using a standard end plate connection. All tests were conducted in a cruciform configuration with monotonically applied load, varying the moment-to-shear ratio, the bolt tensioning and the bolt embedment conditions. From the experimental results two types of transfer mechanism were identified: bearing of the bolt on the concrete and friction between the concrete core and the steel shell. The friction capacity, without post-tensioning of the bolts, was found to be substantial for the particular specimens tested. This was further increased proportionally as bolt tensioning was applied. Yielding of the bolts during advanced load stages, however, caused relaxation of the applied bolt tension, thus reducing the benefits of enhanced friction. On the other hand, relatively small beam end moments applied to the connection were found to increase the friction capacity by a substantial amount. The major load transfer, however, occurred through direct bearing of the bolts on the concrete. This bearing capacity was found to be much higher than anticipated with the result that bolt shear at the beam-to-column interface became the governing failure mode. Based on the observed behaviour of the connections, several design philosophies are proposed. Several quantitative parameters have been identified to require further research. This study indicates that the through bolt connection provides a practical and reliable load transfer mechanism, while also being adaptable and easy to fabricate. From the results presented here, it will be possible to focus further research on the development of simplified code formulations which represent a realistic estimate of the connection capacity.
The Global Phase Diagram of disordered Higher-order Weyl Semimetals
Creators: name: Zhang, Zhi-Qiang
name: Wu, Bing-Lan
name: Chen, Chui-Zhen
name: Jiang, Hua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the disorder-induced phase transition of higher-order Weyl semimetals (HOWSMs) and the fate of the topological features of disordered HOWSMs. We obtain a global phase diagram of HOWSMs according to the scaling theory of Anderson localization. Specifically, a phase transition from the Weyl semimetal (WSM) to the HOWSM is uncovered, distinguishing the disordered HOWSMs from the traditional WSMs. Further, we confirm the robustness of Weyl-nodes for HOWSMs. Interestingly, the unique topological properties of HOWSMs show different behaviors: (i) the quantized quadrupole moment and the corresponding quantized charge of hinge states are fragile to weak disorder; (ii) the hinge states show moderate stability which enables the feasibility in experimental observation. Our study deepens the understanding of the topological nature of HOWSMs and paves a possible way to the characterization of such a phase in experiments.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures
Anomalous reaction-transport processes: the dynamics beyond the Mass Action Law
Creators: name: Campos, Daniel
name: Fedotov, Sergei
name: Méndez, Vicenç
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we reconsider the Mass Action Law (MAL) for the anomalous reversible reaction $A\rightleftarrows B$ with diffusion. We provide a mesoscopic description of this reaction when the transitions between two states $A$ and $B$ are governed by anomalous (heavy-tailed) waiting-time distributions. We derive the set of mesoscopic integro-differential equations for the mean densities of reacting and diffusing particles in both states. We show that the effective reaction rate memory kernels in these equations and the uniform asymptotic states depend on transport characteristics such as jumping rates. This is in contradiction with the classical picture of MAL. We find that transport can even induce an extinction of the particles such that the density of particles $A$ or $B$ tends asymptotically to zero. We verify analytical results by Monte Carlo simulations and show that the mesoscopic densities exhibit a transient growth before decay.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Συσχέτιση των βιοχημικών παραμέτρων του οξειδωτικού στρες και των παραγόντων καρδιαγγειακού κινδύνου σε παχύσαρκους ασθενείς με σακχαρώδη διαβήτη τύπου 2
Creators: name: Hamidi Alamdari, Daryoush
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2008
Subjects: Οξειδωτικό στρες
Παράγοντες καρδιαγγειακού κινδύνου
Oxidative stress
Cardiovascular risk factors

description: Σκοπός της παρούσας διδακτορικής διατριβής ήταν να αξιολογηθεί στην παχυσαρκία η συσχέτιση ανάμεσα σε παράγοντες υψηλού κινδύνου για καρδιαγγειακά νοσήματα και δείκτες οξειδωτικού στρες (OS) (συνολική οξειδωτική και αντιοξειδωτική κατάσταση) καθώς και δείκτες οξειδωτικής βλάβης (καρβονυλικές ομάδες, τελικά προϊόντα προχωρημένης γλυκοζυλίωσης (AGEs), προϊόντα προχωρημένης οξείδωσης πρωτεϊνών (AOPP) και ισοπροστάνιο (8-iso-PGF2a) ). Για τις ανάγκες της μελέτης αναπτύχθηκε και αξιολογήθηκε μια καινοτόμος μέθοδος που μετρά την ισορροπία μεταξύ προ-οξειδωτικών και αντιοξειδωτικών (PAB) γρήγορα, εύκολα και οικονομικά. Στην παρούσα διατριβή συμπεριλήφθησαν τρεις ακόμα μελέτες προκειμένου να υποστηρίξουν περαιτέρω τα δεδομένα της κεντρικής μελέτης. Η πρώτη μελέτη είχε ως στόχο την εκτίμηση της επίδρασης κατανάλωσης βιταμινών στο οξειδωτικό στρες. Οι δύο άλλες μελέτες είχαν σαν στόχο την εφαρμογή της δοκιμασίας PAB σε ασθενείς με αυξημένο οξειδωτικό στρες, όπως ασθενείς με αγγειογραφικά τεκμηριωμένη στεφανιαία νόσο (CAD) και νεφροπαθείς ασθενείς πριν και μετά την αιμοκάθαρση
description: The present dissertation aimed to substantiate the correlation of cardiovascular risk factors with oxidative stress (OS) status (the total oxidant status and the total antioxidant status) and markers of OS damage [carbonyl group, advanced glycation end products (AGEs), advanced oxidative protein product (AOPP) and 8-iso-Prostoglandin F2α (8-iso-PG F2α)] in obesity. For the needs of the study a novel method to measure the balance between pro-oxidants and antioxidants (PAB) rapidly, easily and cost effectively, has been developed and evaluated. Three additional studies that aimed to further support the data of the first study were also performed and included in the present dissertation. One study aimed to assess the effect of vitamins consumption on OS; two other studies aimed to apply PAB measurement on known increased OS patients such as patients with angiographically defined coronary artery disease (CAD) and hemodialysis patients (HDP) before and after dialysis
การศึกษาเปรียบเทียบประสิทธิภาพงานบริการเวชกรรมฟื้นฟูระหว่างสถาบัน
Creators: name: วิไล คุปต์นิรัติศัยกุล
name: ภัทรา วัฒนพันธุ์
name: อุบลวรรณ วัฒนาดิลกกุล
name: ขวัญยุพา สุคนธมาน
name: ปราณี ลักขณาภิชนชัช
name: กัลยา อิงคะสุทธิ
name: พรพิมล มาศสกุลพรรณ
name: จักรกริช กล้าผจญ
name: สุมาลี ซื่อธนาพรกุล
name: ปัญจมา ตันวัฒนะพงษ์
name: วิภาวี ลักษณากร
name: ศิวพร วงศ์พิพัฒน์
name: วิภา
Publisher: name: ราชวิทยาลัยแพทย์เวชศาสตร์ฟื้นฟู แห่งประเทศไทย
Year: 2557
Subjects: Effectiveness, Efficiency, Multicenter Study, Rehabilitation, Service indicators,

description: 3, 24, เวชศาสตร์ฟื้นฟูสาร
Urban travel time models : Vancouver (BC) case study
Creators: name: Nutakor, Christopher K.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Travel time survey data obtained from the City of Vancouver’s Engineering Department have revealed that, travel times in the City of Vancouver have remained fairly constant over the past three decades, although traffic volumes and the number of traffic control devices have increased. This pattern of travel times is contrary to the predicted travel time behaviour of traditional travel time models, The traditional travel time models generally predict travel time as increasing with increasing traffic volume. This thesis investigated the reasons for the observed travel time trends. It also investigated the validity of three traditional time models, using data collected on a few arterial streets in the City of Vancouver. The results from the research indicated that, the observed travel time trends are principally due to increases in vehicle speeds and increases in the capacity of the street network. The three traditional travel time models which were investigated for validity are the BPR model, the GVRD model and the Davidson model. None of the three models investigated provided a good fit for data collected on the arterial streets. Based on the data collected on one of the arterials, revised forms of the models were developed. The revised models were validated against data collected on three other arterials in the City of Vancouver. In all cases, the validation process proved satisfactory.
New Approach for the Electronic Energies of the Hydrogen Molecular Ion
Creators: name: Scott, Tony C.
name: Aubert-Frecon, Monique
name: Grotendorst, Johannes
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Herein, we present analytical solutions for the electronic energy eigenvalues of the hydrogen molecular ion H2+, namely the one-electron two-fixed-center problem. These are given for the homonuclear case for the countable infinity of discrete states when the magnetic quantum number m is zero. In this case, these solutions are the roots of a set of two coupled three-term recurrence relations. The eigensolutions are obtained from an application of EXPERIMENTAL MATHEMATICS using Computer Algebra as its principal tool and are vindicated by numerical and algebraic demonstrations. Finally, the mathematical nature of the eigenenergies is identified. The eigenenergies are related to a generalization of the Lambert W function.
description: This is an analytical breakthrough for a special case of the quantum 3-body problem. The results have been published in Chem. Phys. and an internal report at the Forschungszentrum Juelich (Germany). (see references)
ภาวะกล้ามเนื้อหูรูดหลอดอาหารส่วนบนผิดปกติ
Creators: name: ภัทรา วัฒนพันธุ์
Publisher: name: ราชวิทยาลัยแพทย์เวชศาสตร์ฟื้นฟู แห่งประเทศไทย
Year: 2557
Subjects: ภาวะกล้ามเนื้อหูรูดหลอดอาหารส่วนบนผิดปกติ,

description: 3, 24, เวชศาสตร์ฟื้นฟูสาร
Tight informationally complete quantum measurements
Creators: name: Scott, A. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a class of informationally complete positive-operator-valued measures which are, in analogy with a tight frame, "as close as possible" to orthonormal bases for the space of quantum states. These measures are distinguished by an exceptionally simple state-reconstruction formula which allows "painless" quantum state tomography. Complete sets of mutually unbiased bases and symmetric informationally complete positive-operator-valued measures are both members of this class, the latter being the unique minimal rank-one members. Recast as ensembles of pure quantum states, the rank-one members are in fact equivalent to weighted 2-designs in complex projective space. These measures are shown to be optimal for quantum cloning and linear quantum state tomography.
description: 20 pages. Final version
Open system of interacting fermions: Statistical properties of cross sections and fluctuations
Creators: name: Celardo, G. L.
name: Izrailev, F. M.
name: Zelevinsky, V. G.
name: Berman, G. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Statistical properties of cross sections are studied for an open system of interacting fermions. The description is based on the effective non-Hermitian Hamiltonian that accounts for the existence of open decay channels preserving the unitarity of the scattering matrix. The intrinsic interaction is modelled by the two-body random ensemble of variable strength. In particular, the crossover region from isolated to overlapping resonances accompanied by the effect of the width redistribution creating super-radiant and trapped states is studied in detail. The important observables, such as average cross section, its fluctuations, autocorrelation functions of the cross section and scattering matrix, are very sensitive to the coupling of the intrinsic states to the continuum around the crossover. A detailed comparison is made of our results with standard predictions of statistical theory of cross sections, such as the Hauser-Feshbach formula for the average cross section and Ericson theory of fluctuations and correlations of cross sections. Strong deviations are found in the crossover region, along with the dependence on intrinsic interactions and degree of chaos inside the system.
description: 13 pages, 11 figures
Designing Building Blocks for Open-Ended Early Literacy Software
Creators: name: Sysoev, Ivan
name: Gray, James H.
name: Fine, Susan
name: Roy, Deb
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: English has a convoluted relationship between its pronunciation and spelling, which obscures its phonological structure for early literacy learners. This convoluted relationship has implications for early literacy software, particularly for open-ended, child-driven designs. A tempting way to bypass this issue is to use manipulables (blocks) that are directly tied to phonemes. However, creating phoneme-based blocks leads to two design challenges: (a) how to represent phonemes visually in a child-accessible way and (b) how to account for context-dependent spelling. In the present work, we approached these challenges by developing a set of animated, onomatopoeia-based mnemonic characters, one per phoneme, that can take the shape of different graphemes.We applied the characters to a construction-based literacy app to simplify independent word-building for literacy beginners. We tested the app during a 13-week-long period with 4- to 5-year-olds in kindergarten classrooms. Children showed visible interest in the characters and properly grasped the principles of their functioning. However, the blocks were not sufficient to scaffold independent word building, leading children to rely on other scaffolding mechanisms. To test the characters' efficiency as mnemonics, we evaluated their effect on the speed and accuracy of finding phonemes on a keyboard. The results suggest that there were both children who benefitted from the characters in this task and those who performed better without them. The factors that differentiated these two categories are currently unclear. To help further research on phonetic mnemonics in literacy learning software, we are making the characters available to the research community.
description: This is a published manuscript for the paper published in the International Journal of Child-Computer Interaction. Sharing on ArXiv is in accordance with Elsevier sharing policy
System size and energy dependence of high pT hadron production measured with PHENIX experiment at RHIC
Creators: name: Sakaguchi, Takao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: PHENIX has measured high transverse momentum (pT) identified hadrons in different collision species and energies in the last five RHIC runs. The systematic study of the high pT hadron production provides an idea on interaction of hard scattered partons and the matter created in relativistic heavy ion collision. The eta/pi0 ratio is measured in Au+Au collisions, which gives a hint on the system thermalization and particle production. A future measurement of hadron and photon measurement is discussed.
description: 6 pages, 9 figures, Contributions for Quark Matter 2006 poster ssession
บทความพิเศษ วารสารเวชศาสตร์ฟื้นฟูสาร
Creators: name: ศาสตราจารย์คลินิกเกียรติคุณ แพทย์หญิงฉัฐยา จิตประไพ
Publisher: name: ราชวิทยาลัยแพทย์เวชศาสตร์ฟื้นฟู แห่งประเทศไทย
Year: 2558

description: 1, 25, เวชศาสตร์ฟื้นฟูสาร
A Greedy Graph Search Algorithm Based on Changepoint Analysis for Automatic QRS Complex Detection
Creators: name: Fotoohinasab, Atiyeh
name: Hocking, Toby
name: Afghah, Fatemeh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The electrocardiogram (ECG) signal is the most widely used non-invasive tool for the investigation of cardiovascular diseases. Automatic delineation of ECG fiducial points, in particular the R-peak, serves as the basis for ECG processing and analysis. This study proposes a new method of ECG signal analysis by introducing a new class of graphical models based on optimal changepoint detection models, named the graph-constrained changepoint detection (GCCD) model. The GCCD model treats fiducial points delineation in the non-stationary ECG signal as a changepoint detection problem. The proposed model exploits the sparsity of changepoints to detect abrupt changes within the ECG signal; thereby, the R-peak detection task can be relaxed from any preprocessing step. In this novel approach, prior biological knowledge about the expected sequence of changes is incorporated into the model using the constraint graph, which can be defined manually or automatically. First, we define the constraint graph manually; then, we present a graph learning algorithm that can search for an optimal graph in a greedy scheme. Finally, we compare the manually defined graphs and learned graphs in terms of graph structure and detection accuracy. We evaluate the performance of the algorithm using the MIT-BIH Arrhythmia Database. The proposed model achieves an overall sensitivity of 99.64%, positive predictivity of 99.71%, and detection error rate of 0.19 for the manually defined constraint graph and overall sensitivity of 99.76%, positive predictivity of 99.68%, and detection error rate of 0.55 for the automatic learning constraint graph.
How can the Odderon be detected at RHIC and LHC
Creators: name: Avila, Regina F.
name: Gauron, Pierre
name: Nicolescu, Basarab
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Odderon remains an elusive object, 33 years after its invention. The Odderon is now a fundamental object in QCD and CGC and it has to be found experimentally if QCD and CGC are right. In the present paper, we show how to find it at RHIC and LHC. The most spectacular signature of the Odderon is the predicted difference between the differential cross-sections for proton-proton and antiproton-proton at high s and moderate t. The experiment can be done by using the STAR detector at RHIC and by combining these future data with the already present UA4/2 data. The Odderon could also be found by ATLAS exeperiment at LHC by performing a high-precision measurement of the real part of the hadron elastic scattering amplitude at small t.
description: 14 pages, 16 figures, two typographical errors corrected and acknowledgments added
Controlling cell motion and microscale flow with polarized light fields
Creators: name: Yang, Siyuan
name: Huang, Mingji
name: Zhao, Yongfeng
name: Zhang, H. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate how light polarization affects the motion of photo-responsive algae, \textit{Euglena gracilis}. In a uniformly polarized field, cells swim approximately perpendicular to the polarization direction and form a nematic state with zero mean velocity. When light polarization varies spatially, cell motion is modulated by local polarization. In such light fields, cells exhibit complex spatial distribution and motion patterns which are controlled by topological properties of the underlying fields; we further show that ordered cell swimming can generate directed transporting fluid flow. Experimental results are quantitatively reproduced by an active Brownian particle model in which particle motion direction is nematically coupled to local light polarization.
description: 5 figures, published in PRL
Nemo: Guiding and Contextualizing Weak Supervision for Interactive Data Programming
Creators: name: Hsieh, Cheng-Yu
name: Zhang, Jieyu
name: Ratner, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Weak Supervision (WS) techniques allow users to efficiently create large training datasets by programmatically labeling data with heuristic sources of supervision. While the success of WS relies heavily on the provided labeling heuristics, the process of how these heuristics are created in practice has remained under-explored. In this work, we formalize the development process of labeling heuristics as an interactive procedure, built around the existing workflow where users draw ideas from a selected set of development data for designing the heuristic sources. With the formalism, we study two core problems of how to strategically select the development data to guide users in efficiently creating informative heuristics, and how to exploit the information within the development process to contextualize and better learn from the resultant heuristics. Building upon two novel methodologies that effectively tackle the respective problems considered, we present Nemo, an end-to-end interactive system that improves the overall productivity of WS learning pipeline by an average 20% (and up to 47% in one task) compared to the prevailing WS approach.
description: To appear in PVLDB 2022
Primordial Black Hole Minimum Mass
Creators: name: Chisholm, James R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we revisit thermodynamic constraints on primordial black hole (PBH) formation in the early universe. Under the assumption that PBH mass is equal to the cosmological horizon mass, one can use the 2nd Law of Thermodynamics to put a lower limit on the PBH mass. In models of PBH formation, however, PBHs are created at some fraction of the horizon mass. We show that this thermodynamic constraint still holds for sub-horizon PBH formation.
description: 9 pages, no figures, replaced with version published in PRD
An electrostatically defined serial triple quantum dot charged with few electrons
Creators: name: Schröer, D.
name: Greentree, A. D.
name: Gaudreau, L.
name: Eberl, K.
name: Hollenberg, L. C. L.
name: Kotthaus, J. P.
name: Ludwig, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A serial triple quantum dot (TQD) electrostatically defined in a GaAs/AlGaAs heterostructure is characterized by using a nearby quantum point contact as charge detector. Ground state stability diagrams demonstrate control in the regime of few electrons charging the TQD. An electrostatic model is developed to determine the ground state charge configurations of the TQD. Numerical calculations are compared with experimental results. In addition, the tunneling conductance through all three quantum dots in series is studied. Quantum cellular automata processes are identified, which are where charge reconfiguration between two dots occurs in response to the addition of an electron in the third dot.
description: 12 pages, 9 figures
Scarf for Lifshitz
Creators: name: Zelnikov, A.
name: Krechetnikov, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Polarization of a vacuum as well as of dispersive and dissipative dielectric media with piece-wise and smooth inhomogeneities is studied with the goal to clarify the question of renormalizability of diverging electromagnetic stress-energy tensor. First, the stress tensor is computed with the Lifshitz approach to London forces in the non-retarded limit, which after the substraction of the leading free space ultraviolet divergencies still retains the divergencies associated with the presence of sharp boundaries between piece-wise inhomogeneities. We call these contributions finite because they become renormalized after a sharp interface is replaced with a dielectric permittivity changing according to a smooth function of spatial coordinates. In addition, such a smoothed out interface exhibits new subleading ultraviolet divergencies that appear due to its internal structure. To systematically deal with the polarization of inhomogeneous media, the Hadamard expansion is applied to single out both finite and subleading contributions and to unequivocally demonstrate incomplete renormalizability of the Lifshitz theory. The above approach also allows us to reveal the nature of surface tension, which proves to be purely quantum mechanical. The deduced theory of surface tension and its calculations for real dielectric media are favorably compared to the available experimental data. While the sharp interface limit recovers the classical boundary conditions for the electric field and uncovers the origin of the apparent local divergencies of the renormalized stresses in the sharp interface formulation previously pointed out in the literature, the problem of surface tension proves to be of a distinguished limit type because the sharp interface formulation loses the information about the internal structure of an interface and hence cannot explain the origin of surface tension.
description: 62 pages, 7 figures
Optimization of the e-e- option for the ILC
Creators: name: Pons, M. Alabau
name: Appleby, R.
name: Bambade, P.
name: Dadoun, O.
name: Faus-Golfe, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The e-e- running mode is one of the interesting physics options at the International Linear Collider (ILC). The luminosity for e-e- collisions is reduced by the beam-beam effects. The resulting beamstrahlung energy loss and beam-beam deflection angles as function of the vertical transverse offset are different compared to the e+e- collisions. In this paper, the dependence of these observables with the offset for different beam sizes has been analyzed to optimize performances for the e-e- mode, taking into account the requirements of the beam-beam deflection based intra-train feedback system. A first study of the implications for the final focus and extraction line optics is also presented for the cases of the 20 mrad and 2 mrad ILC base line crossing angle geometries.
Spin-polarized Fermi superfluids as Bose-Fermi mixtures
Creators: name: Taylor, E.
name: Griffin, A.
name: Ohashi, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the strong-coupling BEC region where a Feshbach resonance gives rise to tightly-bound dimer molecules, we show that a spin-polarized Fermi superfluid reduces to a simple Bose-Fermi mixture of Bose-condensed dimers and the leftover unpaired fermions. Using a many-body functional integral formalism, the Gaussian fluctuations give rise to an induced dimer-dimer interaction mediated by the unpaired fermions, with the dimer-fermion vertex being given by the (mean-field) Born approximation. Treating the pairing fluctuations to quartic order, we show how the action for a spin-polarized Fermi superfluid reduces to one for a Bose-Fermi mixture. This Bose-Fermi action includes an expression for the effective dimer-unpaired fermion interaction in a spin-polarized Fermi superfluid beyond the Born approximation, in the superfluid phase at finite temperatures. In the low-density limit, we show how this dimer-fermion interaction gives the s-wave scattering length $a_{BF}=1.18a_F$ ($a_F$ is the s-wave fermion scattering length), a result first derived by Skorniakov and Ter-Martirosian in 1957 for three interacting fermions.
description: The expurgated version; accepted for publication in PRA
Supplementary document for Extract more randomness using dimension witness - 5765648.pdf
Creators: name: Zhou, Yao
name: Zhong, Zhen-Qiu
name: Yin, Zhen-Qiang
name: Wang, Rong
name: Zhan, Xiao-Hai
name: Wang, Shuang
name: Chen, Wei
name: Huang, Wei
name: Xu, Bingjie
name: Guo, Guang-can
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2022
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Some derivation details
Μελέτη της λειτουργίας των μονοπύρηνων του περιφερικού αίματος σε καταστάσεις που προάγουν την αθηρογένεση
Creators: name: Κλωνιζάκης, Φίλιππος Ι.
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2008
Subjects: Μεγάλα μονοπύρηνα
Ιστικός παράγοντας
Αθηρωμάτωση
Atheromatosis
Tissue factor
Peripheral blood

description: Με σκοπό να διερευνηθεί ο ρόλος των ΜΜ στη διαδικασία της αθηρωμάτωσης μελετήθηκαν η γονιδιακή έκφραση του ΙΠ και τα επίπεδα της IL-6, σε διάφορες φάσεις της εξέλιξή της, από τα πρώιμα δηλ. στάδια έως τη φάση των κλινικών εκδηλώσεων. Επιπλέον αναζητήθηκε η απάντηση στα ερωτήματα : 1. Ποιοί παράγοντες ενεργοποιούν τα ΜΜ του περιφερικού αίματος με αποτελέσματα να εκδηλώνουν την πηκτική τους δραστηριότητα ; 2. πόσο πρώιμα συμβαίνει αυτή η ενεργοποίηση στη διάρκεια της χρόνιας πορείας της αθηρωμάτωσης
description: TF expression and IL-6 production were determined in different group of patients and normal subjects in order to investigate the role pf blood momocytes during the various stages of the atherosclerotic process. This thesis engaged in providing that stimulate procoangulant activity in circulated peripheral blood monocytes 2. how early does this activation occur in the chronic process of atheromatosis
Lifshitz theory for a wedge
Creators: name: Krechetnikov, R.
name: Zelnikov, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop the Lifshitz theory of van der Waals forces in a wedge of a dielectric material. The non-planar geometry of the problem requires determining point-wise distribution of stresses. The findings are relevant to a wide range of phenomena from crack propagation to contact line motion. First, the stresses prove to be anisotropic as opposed to the classical fluid mechanics treatment of the contact line problem. Second, the wedge configuration is always unstable with its angle tending either to collapse or unfold. The presented theory unequivocally demonstrates quantum nature of the forces dictating the wedge behavior, which cannot be accounted for with the classical methods.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Individual Eigenvalue Distributions of Chiral Random Two-Matrix Theory and the Determination of F_pi
Creators: name: Akemann, G.
name: Damgaard, P. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dirac operator eigenvalues split into two when subjected to two different external vector sources. In a specific finite-volume scaling regime of gauge theories with fermions, this problem can be mapped to a chiral Random Two-Matrix Theory. We derive analytical expressions to leading order in the associated finite-volume expansion, showing how individual Dirac eigenvalue distributions and their correlations equivalently can be computed directly from the effective chiral Lagrangian in the epsilon-regime. Because of its equivalence to chiral Random Two-Matrix Theory, we use the latter for all explicit computations. On the mathematical side, we define and determine gap probabilities and individual eigenvalue distributions in that theory at finite N, and also derive the relevant scaling limit as N is taken to infinity. In particular, the gap probability for one Dirac eigenvalue is given in terms of a new kernel that depends on the external vector source. This expression may give a new and simple way of determining the pion decay constant F_pi from lattice gauge theory simulations.
description: 24 pages, 6 figures
Optimal mean first-passage time of a Brownian searcher with resetting in one and two dimensions: Experiments, theory and numerical tests
Creators: name: Faisant, Felix
name: Besga, Benjamin
name: Petrosyan, Artyom
name: Ciliberto, Sergio
name: Majumdar, Satya N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study experimentally, numerically and theoretically the optimal mean time needed by a Brownian particle, freely diffusing either in one or two dimensions, to reach, within a tolerance radius $R_{\text tol}$, a target at a distance $L$ from an initial position in the presence of resetting. The reset position is Gaussian distributed with width $σ$. We derived and tested two resetting protocols, one with a periodic and one with random (Poissonian) resetting times. We computed and measured the full first-passage probability distribution that displays spectacular spikes immediately after each resetting time for close targets. We study the optimal mean first-passage time as a function of the resetting period/rate for different target distances (values of the ratios $b=L/σ$) and target size ($a=R_\text{tol}/L$). We find an interesting phase transition at a critical value of $b$, both in one and two dimensions. The details of the calculations as well as experimental setup and limitations are discussed.
description: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2004.11311
Hydrodynamic coefficients of large vertical cylinders
Creators: name: Mathai, Thomas
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2008

description: The evaluation of hydrodynamic loads on a large surface-piercing vertical cylinder of arbitrary section oscillating in water is addressed. By exploiting the restriction to the structure's geometry, the problem is formulated in the frequency domain as a series of two-dimensional linear radiation problems. Analytical solutions are first obtained for the special cases of circular and elliptic cylinders. A numerical solution based on the method of integral equations is then developed. This is initially applied to circular and elliptic cylinders, so that results may be compared with the corresponding closed-form solutions. Two extrapolation schemes to accelerate the convergence of the numerical results are evaluated. The occurrence of irregular frequencies in the method of integral equations is studied and available methods to eliminate them are summarized. To circumvent numerical difficulties in the integral equation method at high frequencies, alternative approaches to calculating the hydrodynamic coefficients are investigated. Two schemes for calculating damping coefficients are outlined: a short-wave approximation to the propagating mode potential, and a method based on geometrical optics. Of these, the former is found to be particularly suitable. Two different methods for calculating high frequency added masses are also proposed. One involves discarding the propagating mode and using only the evanescent modes, which are free of irregular frequencies. The other is based on an application of the Kramers- Kronig relations and is valid over the entire frequency range. The extension of the various methods to very high frequencies at which compressibility effects become significant is also examined. Of the four high frequency methods, damping coefficients may be obtained by the short-wave approximation, and added masses may be obtained by the evanescent mode approximation. As examples of the application of the various methods, results are presented for a square cylinder and a typical ocean engineering application is illustrated.
Reissner-Nordström geometry counterpart in semiclassical gravity
Creators: name: Arrechea, Julio
name: Barceló, Carlos
name: Carballo-Rubio, Raúl
name: Garay, Luis J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the Renormalized Stress-Energy Tensor (RSET) of a massless minimally coupled scalar field in the Regularized Polyakov approximation, as well as its backreaction, on the classical Reissner-Nordström spacetime. The complete set of solutions of the semiclassical self-consistent equations is obtained and compared with the classical counterparts. The semiclassical Reissner-Nordström family involves three kinds of geometries that depend on the charge-to-mass ratio of the spacetime. In the under-charged regime, the geometry has its external horizon replaced by a wormhole neck that leads to a singular asymptotic region at finite proper distance. The over-charged regime reveals a naked singularity coated by a cloud of (infinite) mass coming from the quantized field. In between both behaviours there is a separatrix solution reminiscent of the extremal black hole classical geometry. As the RSET over an extremal horizon is finite, the semiclassical backreaction does not get rid of the horizon. Nonetheless, we show that the resulting horizon is singular.
description: 36 pages, 7 figures
Bononia, the Roman Bologna: Archaeoastronomy and Chronology
Creators: name: Sparavigna, Amelia Carolina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Archaeoastronomy
Roman chronology
Roman towns
Bononia
Bologna
Centuriation

description: In an article written by Giulio Magli on the orientation of the Roman towns, Bononia, the Roman Bologna, is given as a specific example to support Magli’s thesis on the existence of preferred solar alignments of the urban layout. Assuming that the Roman towns had been oriented to the sunrise on the day of their foundation, Magli suggested possible preferred alignments according to Roman festivals, in particular the festival of Terminalia. Of Bononia, we know the date of foundation in 189 BC, given by Livy. We will show that, according to Roman chronology and Republican calendar, it is impossible that Bononia had been oriented to the sunrise on the day given by Livy. The discrepancy is huge. Moreover, the direction of the decumanus cannot match the dates of Terminalia for 189 BC. As we will stress in the discussion, the problem of the discrepancy between the historical dates of Roman chronology and the Julian dates, those that we can find according to an astronomical analysis, is general and must be properly considered in any archaeoastronomical analysis of Roman towns.
description: See please the new version, where I have added tables for chronology.
An Improved Photometric Calibration of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Imaging Data
Creators: name: Padmanabhan, N.
name: Schlegel, D. J.
name: Finkbeiner, D. P.
name: Barentine, J. C.
name: Blanton, M. R.
name: Brewington, H. J.
name: Gunn, J. E.
name: Harvanek, M.
name: Hogg, D. W.
name: Ivezic, Z.
name: Johnston, D.
name: Kent, S. M.
name: Kleinman, S. J.
name: Knapp, G. R.
name: Krzesinski, J.
name: Long, D.
name: Neilsen, E. H.
name: Nitta, A.
name: Loomis, C.
name: Lupton, R. H.
name: Roweis, S.
name: Snedden, S. A.
name: Strauss, M. A.
name: Tucker, D. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an algorithm to photometrically calibrate wide field optical imaging surveys, that simultaneously solves for the calibration parameters and relative stellar fluxes using overlapping observations. The algorithm decouples the problem of "relative" calibrations, from that of "absolute" calibrations; the absolute calibration is reduced to determining a few numbers for the entire survey. We pay special attention to the spatial structure of the calibration errors, allowing one to isolate particular error modes in downstream analyses. Applying this to the Sloan Digital Sky Survey imaging data, we achieve ~1% relative calibration errors across 8500 sq.deg. in griz; the errors are ~2% for the u band. These errors are dominated by unmodelled atmospheric variations at Apache Point Observatory. These calibrations, dubbed "ubercalibration", are now public with SDSS Data Release 6, and will be a part of subsequent SDSS data releases.
description: 16 pages, 17 figures, matches version accepted in ApJ. These calibrations are available at http://www.sdss.org/dr6