cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Transgressive topographien in der turkisch-deutschen post-migrantenliteratur
Creators: name: Lornsen, Karin
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2008

description: Over the past two decades the contribution of postmigrant literature to Germany's literary landscape has attracted significant scholarly interest. This study investigates selected prose of Turkish-German authors. Six primary texts are reconceived as "transgressive" as they intervene in contemporary spatial, especially urban and global discourses. They employ diverse "spatial tactics" by citing conventional dichotomies (local-global, West-East) in order to abandon and replace them subsequently with dynamic views on space and time. This thesis proposes a new theoretical model of literary analyses in order to grasp the multidimensional aspects of space. Thereby, Lotman's cultural semiotics is used as springboard to expand the model throughout the readings of the texts. By including additional theories on space from disciplines such as gender studies (Gleber; Weigel), urban geography(Lynch; Downs/Stea), cultural-historical psychology (Nora; Assmann) and postcolonial criticism (Said), this analysis focuses on narrative strategies that challenge physical and conceptual concepts of boundaries. The originality of this approach lies in a perceptive, thorough reading of textual productions of space that refrains from pinpointing the texts as homogenous minority literature. The theoretical model examines spatial motifs and themes inherent in the primary texts while disregarding the alleged "foreignness" of the authors. Each of the main chapters discusses two works focusing on the dimensions gender-space, memory-space and geography-space: Emine S. Ozdamar's Die Brikke vom Goldenen Horn and Aysel Ozakin's Die Blaue Maske are analyzed as novels transgressing gender-coded urban spaces. The Berlin settings in Aras Oren's Berlin Savignyplatz and Zafer Senocak's Gefahrliche Verwandtschaft are conceived as multi-discursive fragments shedding new light on German "realms of memory". Yade Kara's Selam Berlin and Feridun Zaimoglu's Zwolf Gramm Gluck are investigated in relation to "glocal" dislocations and Oriental imaginations. This dissertation makes two key contributions to German literary studies: First, it proposes an alternative reading to the common practice of categorizing postmigrant literature by cultural heritage and generation by putting forward the idea that writers adopt manifold perspectives on spatial configurations. Second, by reading literary spaces through an alternate disciplinary lens, this dissertation reads the texts as multilayered complexities of spatial presentations and advocates a comparative, text-centered method of literary analysis.
Boreophilia eremita
Creators: name: Klimaszewski, Jan
name: Chandler, Donald S.
name: Davies, Anthony
name: Bourdon, Caroline
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Staphylinidae
Boreophilia
Boreophilia eremita

description: 73. Boreophilia eremita (Rey) *
(Illustrations in Klimaszewski et al. 2018, 2021), Table 1
References. Rey 1866. Lohse et al. 1990. Klimaszewski et al. 2011, 2018. Webster et al. 2012. Brunke et al. 2021.
Distribution. Holarctic, recorded from AS (Klimaszewski et al. 2021. Canada: LB, MB, NB, QC. USA: AK, NH (NSR).
Collection and Habitat data. The NH female was captured in dwarf Salix, Vaccinium, and leatherleaf litter at an elevation of 1584–1737 m. In Canada this species is found in various marsh habitats; in vegetation in seasonally flooded marshes, in leaf litter and grass litter under alders in a Carex marsh, in woody litter at the base of a dead red maple in a Carex marsh (probably an overwintering site), and in leaf litter in a red oak marsh surrounded by a completely flooded marsh (Webster et al. 2012, Klimaszewski et al. 2018).
Material. USA, New Hampshire, Coos Co.: Mt. Washington above tree line, 5200–5700’, 10.IX.1987, J.M. Campbell and A. Davies, dwarf Salix, Vaccinium, leatherleaf litter (CNC), 1 female.
Comments. Females of this species may be confused with other species of Boreophilia, and particularly those of closely related B. islandica (Kraatz). Associating females with males is considered here to be the most reliable way of identifying females of B. eremita and B. islandica. Male/s from NH are needed to confirm this record.
description: Published as part of Klimaszewski, Jan, Chandler, Donald S., Davies, Anthony & Bourdon, Caroline, 2023, Aleocharine rove beetles of New Hampshire, USA: new taxa and new records (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Aleocharinae), pp. 1-141 in Zootaxa 5364 (1) on page 45, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5364.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10145460
Africonus lugubris
Creators: name: Tenorio, Manuel J.
name: Abalde, Samuel
name: Pardos-Blas, José R.
name: Zardoya, Rafael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Gastropoda
Neogastropoda
Conidae
Africonus
Africonus lugubris

description: Africonus lugubris (Reeve, 1849)
Fig. 4N
Conus lugubris Reeve, 1849: pl. IX, sp. 279.
Conus fuscus Barros e Cunha, 1933: 194.
Conus lugubris – Monteiro et al. 2004: 56, pl. 126, figs 6–7.
Material examined
Lectotype
Lectotype in NHMUK 1981056. Type locality: not known. Hereby designated as north São Vicente Island, Cabo Verde Archipelago.
Other material
CABO VERDE • 1 spec., 14.5 mm; São Vicente Island, Matiota; E. Rolán leg.; MNCN 15.05/90431 (Fig. 4N).
Geographical distribution
Matiota, north São Vicente, Cabo Verde Archipelago.
Conservation status in IUCN Red List
Critically endangered.
Remarks
This species has not been examined molecularly. Specimens matching the type material of this species were found in the 1970’s and 1980’s in Matiota beach in São Vicente Island, but this is now part of a large and touristic urban area in the vicinity of the modern Port of Mindelo. This population is believed to be now extinct. We are not aware of live specimens of this species having been observed for over 20 years. Some empty shells of this species have been collected in recent years, and the search for live specimens in new locations along the north coast of São Vicente Island continues, without success for the moment being. It is feared that the species might have become extinct. The claim for specimens of A. cf. lugubris found at Calhau and Saragaça to the east of São Vicente Island most likely corresponds to individuals of A. freitasi.
description: Published as part of Tenorio, Manuel J., Abalde, Samuel, Pardos-Blas, José R. & Zardoya, Rafael, 2020, Taxonomic revision of West African cone snails (Gastropoda: Conidae) based upon mitogenomic studies: implications for conservation, pp. 1-89 in European Journal of Taxonomy 663 (663) on pages 36-37, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.663, http://zenodo.org/record/3890442
Boreophilia nomensis
Creators: name: Klimaszewski, Jan
name: Chandler, Donald S.
name: Davies, Anthony
name: Bourdon, Caroline
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Staphylinidae
Boreophilia
Boreophilia nomensis

description: 74. Boreophilia nomensis (Casey)
(Illustrations in Klimaszewski et al. 2021), Table 1
References. Casey 1910. Lohse et al. 1990. Gusarov 2003. Klimaszewski et al. 2016b, 2019, 2020, 2021.
Distribution. Nearctic. Canada: BC, YT. USA: AK, NH (NSR).
Collection and Habitat data. In NH found at high elevations in willow litter, and in dwarf Salix, Vaccinium, leatherleaf litter. Collected in August/September. In AK found in alpine tundra, and under rocks near snow fields. In Canada found in spruce and aspen forests with horsetail/shrub/grass undergrowth, and under rocks near snowfields (Klimaszewski et al. 2021).
Material. USA, New Hampshire, Coos Co.: Mt. Washington, Alpine Garden, 7.VIII.1982, D.S. Chandler, sift willow litter, 1 male. Mt. Washington above tree line, 5200–5700’, 10.IX.1987, J.M. Campbell and A. Davies, dwarf Salix, Vaccinium, leatherleaf litter (CNC), 1 male.
Comments. This record represents a disjunct extension in the distribution of this species, which is possibly a relict from the time of the last glaciation.
description: Published as part of Klimaszewski, Jan, Chandler, Donald S., Davies, Anthony & Bourdon, Caroline, 2023, Aleocharine rove beetles of New Hampshire, USA: new taxa and new records (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Aleocharinae), pp. 1-141 in Zootaxa 5364 (1) on page 45, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5364.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10145460
PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT
Creators: name: Azzamova, Umida
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: The A, B, C, D of life are attitude, behavior, character and discipline. A, B, C, D are not only the basic letters of alphabets, they are basic qualities of human being. Good working attitude is important to attain success in one’s life. Developing a positive attitude means interpreting life’s event in a way that is truthful, honest, and self-affirming. Our behavior is the act we act in general, especially in relation to the situation they are in or the people they are with. Character refers to the sum of an individual’s qualities and characteristics which differentiate him or her from others.
Boreophilia subplana
Creators: name: Klimaszewski, Jan
name: Chandler, Donald S.
name: Davies, Anthony
name: Bourdon, Caroline
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Staphylinidae
Boreophilia
Boreophilia subplana

description: 75. Boreophilia subplana (Sahlberg) *
(Illustrations in Klimaszewski et al. 2021), Table 1
References. Sahlberg 1880. Lohse et al. 1990. Gusarov 2003. Smetana 2004. Klimaszewski et al. 2016b, 2019, 2021.
Distribution. Holarctic, recorded from A/S (Klimaszewski et al. 2021). Canada: NT, NU. USA: AK, NH.
Collection and Habitat data. In NH captured in September from dwarf birch litter, and dwarf Salix, Vaccinium, leatherleaf litter. In Canada and Alaska found in Salix leaf litter, on tundra hillside, in black spruce forest, at brackish shoreline, and under rocks and wrack. Collected from June to August using hanging Malaise traps, aspirating from under rocks/cobbles, sweeping low vegetation, use of pitfall traps and pollinator cup/pitfalls, and by processing leaf litters with Berlese funnels (Klimaszewki et al. 2021).
Material. USA, New Hampshire, Coos Co.: Mt. Washington, Alpine Garden, 5300’, 12.IX.1987, J.M. Campbell and A. Davies, sifting dwarf birch litter (CNC), 1 female. Mt. Washington above tree line, 5200–5700’, 10.IX.1987, J.M. Campbell and A. Davies, dwarf Salix, Vaccinium, leatherleaf litter (CNC) 1 male, 1 female. Mt. Washington is the type locality of the two junior synonyms Atheta (Metaxya) angusticornis Bernhauer (1907) and Metaxya plutonica Casey (1910).
Comments. Bernhauer (1907) described Atheta (Metaxya) angusticornis from Mount Washington, NH, USA. Gusarov (2003) transferred it to the genus Boreophilia, and considered it closely related to B. subplana, from which he differentiated it by the “shape of aedeagus, particularly a narrower apex of the median lobe in “parameral view” (Klimaszewski et al. 2021). We have studied the median lobe of AK and NH specimens and found no differences warranting different species recognition. The Mount Washington, NH, population represents an isolated, southernmost population of this species known only from higher latitudes.
description: Published as part of Klimaszewski, Jan, Chandler, Donald S., Davies, Anthony & Bourdon, Caroline, 2023, Aleocharine rove beetles of New Hampshire, USA: new taxa and new records (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Aleocharinae), pp. 1-141 in Zootaxa 5364 (1) on page 46, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5364.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10145460
Boreostiba campbelliana Lohse 1990
Creators: name: Klimaszewski, Jan
name: Chandler, Donald S.
name: Davies, Anthony
name: Bourdon, Caroline
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Staphylinidae
Boreostiba
Boreostiba campbelliana

description: 76. Boreostiba campbelliana Lohse *
(Illustrations in Lohse et al. 1990, Klimaszewski et al. 2021), Table 1
References. Lohse et al. 1990. Sazhnev 2018. Klimaszewski et al. 2021.
Distribution. Holarctic, recorded from A/S (Klimaszewski et al. 2021). Reported from Russian Far East by Sazhnev (2018). Canada: NU, YT. USA: AK, NH.
Collection and Habitat data. The NH specimens were captured in fir and spruce litter; dwarf Salix litter, dwarf Salix, Vaccinium, leatherleaf litter, and Alnus and Spirea litter. Adults were collected in June and September. Collected at elevations of 1447–1737m. In Canada and Alaska found in litter under dwarf Populus sp. and Salix bushes (Klimaszewski et al. 2021).
Material. USA, New Hampshire, Coos Co.: Mt. Washington, Alpine Garden, 18.VI.1982, D.S. Chandler, sift fir, spruce, willow litter, 1 male; 5300’, 12.IX.1987, J.M. Campbell and A. Davies, sifting dwarf Salix litter (CNC), 6 males, 4 females, 73 sex? Mt. Washington above tree line, 5200–5700’, 10.IX.1987, J.M. Campbell and A. Davies, dwarf Salix, Vaccinium, leatherleaf litter (CNC), 2 males, 2 females, 6 sex?; same data except 5300–5700’ (CNC), 1 male, 1 female. Mt. Washington, Monroe Brook, 3300’, 13.VI.1967, D.R. Oliver (CNC), 2 males (one male possibly B. parvipennis). Mt. Jefferson, Caps Ridge Trail, 4800’, 11.IX.1987, A. Smetana (CNC), 1 male.
Comments. This species is practically indistinguishable externally from B. parvipennis, except for narrower and more glossy body and the slightly shorter elytra, but it may be separated by the shape of the tubus of the median lobe of the aedeagus in dorsal and lateral view. In lateral view, the apical part of the tubus of B. campbelliana is narrower and slightly longer that that of B. parvipennis, and in dorsal view it is constricted basally while it is evenly triangular in B. parvipennis. The NH locality at Mt. Washington is an alpine habitat and the southernmost disjunct distribution of Boreostiba campbelliana. This area is known to host other Nordic species.
description: Published as part of Klimaszewski, Jan, Chandler, Donald S., Davies, Anthony & Bourdon, Caroline, 2023, Aleocharine rove beetles of New Hampshire, USA: new taxa and new records (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Aleocharinae), pp. 1-141 in Zootaxa 5364 (1) on page 46, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5364.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10145460
IDENTITIES, IDEOLOGIES, AND INSTITUTIONS: RESILIENCE THROUGH LANGUAGE USE AMONG BRAZILIAN BI/MULTILINGUAL ADOLESCENTS
Creators: name: Gequelin, Laura
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2024
Subjects: education
brazilian
bilingualism
bilinguals
southwest florida
language surveillance
identity formation
resilience
adolescent development
religion
diaspora

description: When studying adolescents, language and development have a recursive relationship where language promotes development and development is expressed through language. Specifically, in identity formation, which I define as the social positioning of self and others, adolescents’ internal identities only enter the social world through discourse. To study adolescents’ identity formation through language, I turned to an ideal case: four Brazilian immigrant bi/multilingual adolescent girls living within the same Brazilian diasporic community who largely attend the same school and church in Southwest Florida, the state with the highest concentration of Brazilians in the U.S. and restrictive immigration and educational policies at play. Using Bronfenbrenner’s ecological framework to consider the effect of all spheres on these developing adolescents, I asked the question: How do Brazilian bi/multilingual adolescents in Southwest Florida use English and Portuguese across institutional contexts? Through ethnographic observation and semi-structured interviews, I found that due to language surveillance and the hegemony of English, Brazilian bi/multilingual adolescents use primarily English for communicating with those inside and outside their diasporic community. However, notably, Brazilian bi/multilingual adolescents use Portuguese to find belonging with other Brazilians, authenticate their uniqueness, and forge spaces where they belong and that uplift their identities –  an act I define as resilience and agency in light of their ecological context. In the face of institutional and systemic risk factors that question adolescents’ right to belong and flourish, the development of belonging and the uplifting of their identity within their community works as a protective factor promoting resilience in adolescents. My findings demonstrate how adolescents develop in contexts where their sense of belonging and identity are questioned, how bi/multilingual adolescents utilize language across contexts with different norms, and how minority diasporic communities use language for strength and resilience.
Boreostiba frigida
Creators: name: Klimaszewski, Jan
name: Chandler, Donald S.
name: Davies, Anthony
name: Bourdon, Caroline
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Staphylinidae
Boreostiba
Boreostiba frigida

description: 77. Boreostiba frigida (J. Sahlberg) *
(Illustrations in Lohse et al. 1990, Klimaszewski et al. 2021), Table 1
References. Sahlberg 1880. Brundin 1840. Lohse et al. 1990 [as B. lamellifera Lohse]. Gusarov 2003. Klimaszewski et al. 2011, 2018, 2021.
Distribution. Holarctic, transcontinental, recorded from A/S (Klimaszewski et al. 2021). CANADA: LB, QC, YT. USA: AK, NH (NSR).
Collection and Habitat data. The NH specimens were captured in dwarf Salix, Vaccinium, leatherleaf litter at elevations above tree line, 1584–1828m. All were taken in September. In Canada and Alaska found in tundra areas; snowfields, under rocks, on moss, splash zone of rocks, driftwood, and under creek-side rocks (Klimaszewski et al. 2021).
Material. USA, New Hampshire, Coos Co.: Mt. Washington above tree line, 5200–5700’, 10.IX.1987, J.M. Campbell and A. Davies, dwarf Salix, Vaccinium, leatherleaf litter (CNC) 2 males. Mt. Washington, Alpine Garden, 5300’, 12.IX.1987, J.M. Campbell and A. Davies, sifting dwarf Salix litter (CNC), 1 male. Mt. Washington, 5800–6000’, 10.IX.1987, A. Smetana (CNC), 2 females.
Comments. Gusarov (2003) resurrected B. frigida from synonymy with B. sibirica; verified records of the former species were then known only from QC and YT. Klimaszewski et al. (2011) reported this species from LB, while Klimaszewski et al. (2021) reported it from AK.
description: Published as part of Klimaszewski, Jan, Chandler, Donald S., Davies, Anthony & Bourdon, Caroline, 2023, Aleocharine rove beetles of New Hampshire, USA: new taxa and new records (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Aleocharinae), pp. 1-141 in Zootaxa 5364 (1) on pages 46-47, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5364.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10145460
Movements of adult western toads, Bufo boreas, in a managed forest landscape and the incidence of a disease in southwestern British Columbia
Creators: name: Deguise, Isabelle Emiola
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2008

description: Amphibians are declining dramatically around the globe, due primarily to two major threats: habitat destruction and emerging infectious diseases. The western toad, Bufo boreas, is an IUCN red-listed species thought to be affected by both these factors. The objectives of this thesis were to (1) determine how forest fragmentation affects western toad movement behaviour; and (2) determine if there is any evidence of the infectious disease, the chytrid fungus (Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis), in this species in British Columbia. I used radio-telemetry to follow daily movement patterns of 23 adult male toads in a fragmented landscape near Vancouver, BC, composed of forest patches and small, recent clear-cuts. Movement parameters were analyzed using a Geographic Information System (GIS) and mixed effects models. Results showed that toads in forests were able to perceive clear-cut edges from as far as 150 m. Greater than 60% of toads released in forest patches actively chose to enter the clear-cuts from adjacent forests, indicating high boundary permeability. In addition, toad movement parameters were not significantly reduced in these disturbed environments, suggesting that clear-cuts do not restrict movement. Although toads appear to favour these disturbed environments, further research is required in larger, more realistically sized clear-cuts. To investigate the prevalence of the chytrid fungus in southwestern British Columbia, I tested a breeding population of western toads in a protected area. Results showed a 28% infection rate, although no toads showed any visual signs of the disease. These results provide the first evidence of the chytrid fungus in western toads in British Columbia and suggest that the disease is potentially more widespread that currently documented. The results of my research suggest that the western toad may not be affected by small scale forest harvesting. In addition, my results support the hypothesis that western toads are reservoirs for the chytrid fungus. Although most populations in Canada appear to be faring well, long-term population monitoring and further testing for chytrid prevalence are required. To minimize the likelihood of western toads experiencing the dramatic declines that are presently taking place in the United States, protecting vital habitats and preventing the spread of chytrid through public awareness are required.
Boreostiba lagunae Lohse 1990
Creators: name: Klimaszewski, Jan
name: Chandler, Donald S.
name: Davies, Anthony
name: Bourdon, Caroline
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Staphylinidae
Boreostiba
Boreostiba lagunae

description: 78. Boreostiba lagunae Lohse
(Illustrations in Lohse et al. 1990, Klimaszewski et al. 2021), Table 1
References. Lohse et al. 1990. Klimaszewski et al. 2021.
Distribution. Nearctic, recorded from A/S (Klimaszewski et al. 2021). Canada: YT. USA (NCR): NH (NSR).
Collection and Habitat data. In NH one female was captured at 4850 feet. In Canada one female was found in litter on a shore in moss (Lohse et al. 1990).
Material. USA, New Hampshire, Coos Co.: Mt. Jefferson, Caps Ridge Trail, 4850’, 11.IX.1987, A. Smetana (CNC), 1 female.
Comments. This species is defined by its narrow body, very short elytra, and spermatheca with narrowly tubular capsule and long and thin stem (Lohse et al. 1990, Klimaszewski et al. 2021). The male is unknown. The NH record represents a disjunct distribution of this species.
description: Published as part of Klimaszewski, Jan, Chandler, Donald S., Davies, Anthony & Bourdon, Caroline, 2023, Aleocharine rove beetles of New Hampshire, USA: new taxa and new records (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Aleocharinae), pp. 1-141 in Zootaxa 5364 (1) on page 47, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5364.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10145460
Speaker diarization: importance of the modulation spectrum and incorporating uncertainty modelling
Creators: name: McKnight, Simon Webster
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2022

description: This Thesis investigates speaker diarization, an important area of research that has several practical applications. It has three main areas: (a) analyses of evaluation methodology based on diarization error rates (DER) and use of forgiveness collars; (b) use of modulation spectrum features to distinguish speakers, including overlapping, and investigating salient parts; and (c) uncertainty quantification of machine learning models and using them to improve performance. The analyses of evaluation methodology highlight shortcomings in the use of DERs and sensitivity to the ground truth used. Initial research shows that using simple DERs without forgiveness collars can unfairly penalise diarization systems. However, human subject-based experiments are conducted and compared to state-of-the-art systems, showing that uniform forgiveness collars are not a satisfactory way of dealing with insignificant errors. Modulation spectrum features are thought to be a promising way to generate features that distinguish speakers well, particularly the joint acoustic and modulation spectrum form. Unlike most research, this Thesis covers both temporal envelope and temporal fine structure. It highlights that modulation frequencies in the 0-0.5~Hz range and around the fundamental frequencies of the speakers are most useful, contradicting earlier research preferring the 1-16~Hz range. Training machine learning models on both modulation spectrum features and mel-frequency cepstral coefficients are shown to give better results than either alone. However, they do not distinguish overlapping speakers as well as anticipated. Machine learning models that also indicate confidence in their predictions are clearly more helpful than those that simply predict. This Thesis investigates models quantifying aleatoric and epistemic uncertainties, using output probability distributions and Monte Carlo dropout respectively, and their use in Kalman filters to improve performance. Results show performance improves for certain hyperparameters, both for single models and model ensembles.
Africonus miruchae
Creators: name: Tenorio, Manuel J.
name: Abalde, Samuel
name: Pardos-Blas, José R.
name: Zardoya, Rafael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Gastropoda
Neogastropoda
Conidae
Africonus
Africonus miruchae

description: Africonus miruchae (Röckel, Rolán & Monteiro, 1980)
Fig. 4P
Conus miruchae Röckel et al., 1980a: 89, figs 62–65.
Conus miruchae – Monteiro et al. 2004: 60, pl. 126, figs 1–5.
Conus longilineus (not C. grahami longilineus Röckel, Rolán & Monteiro, 1980) – Monteiro et al. 2004: pl. 125.
Material examined
Holotype
CABO VERDE • 11.9 mm; Sal Island, Baiona; NMSF.
Other material
CABO VERDE • 1 spec.; Sal Island, Terrinha Fina, Palhona; 16º49ʹ12ʺ N, 22º59ʹ12ʺ W; 7 Apr. 2014; MNCN exped.; GenBank mitochondrion, partial genome: KY864971; MNCN 15.05/79784 • 1 spec.; 12.9 mm; same collection data as for preceding; MNCN 15.05/79789 (Fig. 4P) • 1 spec.; Sal Island, Rabo de Junco; 16º41ʹ44ʺ N, 22º58ʹ35ʺ W; 5 Apr. 2014; MNCN exped.; GenBank mitochondrion, partial genome: MF491574; MNCN 15.05/79756.
Geographical distribution
North of Sal Island, Cabo Verde Archipelago. Also present in Rabo de Junco, on the west coast of Sal Island.
Conservation status in IUCN Red List
Least concern.
Remarks
According to the phylogeny, A. miruchae is sister to all the other endemic species from Sal Island. This small-sized species is adapted to the rough sea conditions present in the barren northern coasts of Sal Island. It is often found crawling on the rocky walls of large pools formed during low tide. A population of this species that is present at Rabo de Junco, at the north end of Murdeira Bay, is often confused with A. longilineus due to similarities in shell morphology (Monteiro et al. 2004).
description: Published as part of Tenorio, Manuel J., Abalde, Samuel, Pardos-Blas, José R. & Zardoya, Rafael, 2020, Taxonomic revision of West African cone snails (Gastropoda: Conidae) based upon mitogenomic studies: implications for conservation, pp. 1-89 in European Journal of Taxonomy 663 (663) on pages 38-39, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.663, http://zenodo.org/record/3890442
Africonus navarroi
Creators: name: Tenorio, Manuel J.
name: Abalde, Samuel
name: Pardos-Blas, José R.
name: Zardoya, Rafael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Gastropoda
Neogastropoda
Conidae
Africonus
Africonus navarroi

description: Africonus navarroi (Rolán, 1986)
Fig. 6A
Conus navarroi Rolán, 1986: 3, fig. 1A.
Conus navarroi navarroi – Monteiro et al. 2004: 63, pl. 98.
Material examined
Holotype
CABO VERDE • 16 mm; São Vicente Island, Calhau; E. Rolán leg.; MNCN 15.05/1008 (Fig. 6A).
Other material
CABO VERDE • 1 spec.; São Vicente Island, Calhau; 16º51ʹ7ʺ N, 24º51ʹ59ʺ W; 12 Apr. 2016; MNCN exped.; GenBank mitochondrion, partial genome: MF491600; MNCN 15.05/78557.
Geographical distribution
Southeast coast São Vicente Island, Cabo Verde Archipelago.
Conservation status in IUCN Red List
Near threatened.
Remarks
This small, distinctive species with a very restricted distribution range belongs to a lineage that includes species endemic to the westernmost islands in the Cabo Verde Archipelago. It is sister to A. fernandesi from Santo Antão Island, and to the pair A. curralensis / A. insulae from Santa Luzia. It is only distantly related to A. calhetae from Maio Island, which was initially introduced as a subspecies of A. navarroi due to similarities in shell morphology, now considered convergent.
description: Published as part of Tenorio, Manuel J., Abalde, Samuel, Pardos-Blas, José R. & Zardoya, Rafael, 2020, Taxonomic revision of West African cone snails (Gastropoda: Conidae) based upon mitogenomic studies: implications for conservation, pp. 1-89 in European Journal of Taxonomy 663 (663) on pages 39-40, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.663, http://zenodo.org/record/3890442
MPEC 2024-H105 : 2024 HB2
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2024 HB2

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Africonus perrineae Cossignani & Fiadeiro 2018
Creators: name: Tenorio, Manuel J.
name: Abalde, Samuel
name: Pardos-Blas, José R.
name: Zardoya, Rafael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Gastropoda
Neogastropoda
Conidae
Africonus
Africonus perrineae

description: Africonus perrineae Cossignani & Fiadeiro, 2018
Fig. 6B
Africonus perrineae Cossignani & Fiadeiro, 2018b: 18.
Africonus angeluquei Tenorio, Abalde & Zardoya, 2018: 79, pl. 2, figs A–M. syn. nov.
Conus sp. – Röckel et al. 1980a: 141, fig. 123, pl. 2, 2 nd row, figs c–d.
Conus josephinae (not C. josephinae Rolán, 1980) – Monteiro et al. 2004: pl. 110, figs 1–6.
Material examined
Holotype
CABO VERDE • 16 mm; Maio Island, Ilhéu da Lage Branca, Praia do Galeão; MMM.
Other material
CABO VERDE • 1 spec.; 30.0 mm, holotype of A. angeluquei; Maio Island, Lage Branca; 15º18ʹ32ʺ N, 23º8ʹ17ʺ W; 31 Mar. 2013; MNCN exped.; GenBank mitochondrion, partial genome: MF491525; MNCN 15.05/78710 (Fig. 6B).
Geographical distribution
North of Maio Island, Cabo Verde Archipelago.
Conservation status in IUCN Red List
Not evaluated.
Remarks
Mitogenomic analyses revealed that the populations of A. josephinae from Boa Vista and the alleged ones from the north of Maio Island actually are not conspecific (Abalde et al. 2017a). This led to the introduction of a new species, which was formally described as A. angeluquei based upon shell and radula morphological studies and examination of its mitogenome sequence (Tenorio et al. 2018). However, the name A. perrineae was almost simultaneously introduced in a rather succinct description for exactly the same species, and was published one week earlier than A. angeluquei, becoming the senior name for this species (Cossignani & Fiadeiro 2018b). In spite of this, a wealth of useful information about this taxon can be found in the detailed original description of A. angeluquei (Tenorio et al. 2018).
description: Published as part of Tenorio, Manuel J., Abalde, Samuel, Pardos-Blas, José R. & Zardoya, Rafael, 2020, Taxonomic revision of West African cone snails (Gastropoda: Conidae) based upon mitogenomic studies: implications for conservation, pp. 1-89 in European Journal of Taxonomy 663 (663) on page 40, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.663, http://zenodo.org/record/3890442
Africonus raulsilvai
Creators: name: Tenorio, Manuel J.
name: Abalde, Samuel
name: Pardos-Blas, José R.
name: Zardoya, Rafael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Gastropoda
Neogastropoda
Conidae
Africonus
Africonus raulsilvai

description: Africonus raulsilvai (Rolán, Monteiro & Fernandes, 1998)
Fig. 6C
Conus raulsilvai Rolán et al., 1998: 36.
Conus raulsilvai – Monteiro et al. 2004: 69, pl. 118.
Material examined
Holotype
CABO VERDE • 19.7 mm; Maio Island, Baía do Navío Quebrado; MNCN 15.05/27230 (Fig. 6C).
Other material
CABO VERDE • 1 spec., 30.0 mm; Maio Island, Praia de Soca; 15º15ʹ8ʺ N, 23º13ʹ4ʺ W; 30 Mar. 2013; MNCN exped.; GenBank mitochondrion, partial genome: MF491520; MNCN 15.05/78661.
Geographical distribution
West and north coasts of Maio Island, Cabo Verde Archipelago.
Conservation status in IUCN Red List
Least concern.
Remarks
This species is sister to A. gonsaloi, allopatrically distributed on the northeast coast of Maio. Both A. raulsilvai and A. gonsaloi are members of a clade, which is sister to A. verdensis, the only endemic species from the neighboring Santiago Island.
description: Published as part of Tenorio, Manuel J., Abalde, Samuel, Pardos-Blas, José R. & Zardoya, Rafael, 2020, Taxonomic revision of West African cone snails (Gastropoda: Conidae) based upon mitogenomic studies: implications for conservation, pp. 1-89 in European Journal of Taxonomy 663 (663) on pages 40-41, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.663, http://zenodo.org/record/3890442
Africonus regonae
Creators: name: Tenorio, Manuel J.
name: Abalde, Samuel
name: Pardos-Blas, José R.
name: Zardoya, Rafael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Gastropoda
Neogastropoda
Conidae
Africonus
Africonus regonae

description: Africonus regonae (Rolán & Trovão in Rolán, 1990)
Fig. 6D
Conus regonae Rolán & Trovão in Rolán, 1990: 31, pl. 1, fig. 3.
Conus cuneolus form I (not C. cuneolus Reeve, 1843) – Röckel et al. 1980a: 109, pl. 5, row 1, fig. 86, row 2.
Conus regonae – Monteiro et al. 2004: 69, pl. 70.
Material examined
Holotype
CABO VERDE • 32.7 mm; Sal Island, Palmeira; 2–4 m depth; E. Rolán leg.; MNCN 15.05/1092 (Fig. 6D).
Other material
CABO VERDE • 1 spec.; Sal Island, Baía da Fontona; 16º44ʹ22ʺ N, 22º58ʹ46ʺ W; 6 Apr. 2014; MNCN exped.; GenBank mitochondrion, partial genome: MF491576; MNCN 15.05/79774 • 1 spec.; Sal Island, Rigona; 16º48ʹ5ʺ N, 22º59ʹ33ʺ W; 10 Apr. 2014; MNCN exped.; GenBank mitochondrion, partial genome: MF491585; MNCN 15.05/79858 • 1 spec.; same collection data as for preceding; GenBank mitochondrion, partial genome: MF491584; MNCN 15.05/79853.
Geographical distribution
West and north Sal Island, Cabo Verde Archipelago.
Conservation status in IUCN Red List
Vulnerable.
Remarks
Prior to its introduction as a full species by Rolán (1990), it was referred to as Conus cuneolus form I in Röckel et al. (1980a). This species is very closely related to A. cuneolus, and lives in sympatry with its form fontonae. It is particularly abundant in rocky areas to the northwest of Sal Island.
description: Published as part of Tenorio, Manuel J., Abalde, Samuel, Pardos-Blas, José R. & Zardoya, Rafael, 2020, Taxonomic revision of West African cone snails (Gastropoda: Conidae) based upon mitogenomic studies: implications for conservation, pp. 1-89 in European Journal of Taxonomy 663 (663) on pages 41-42, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.663, http://zenodo.org/record/3890442
Africonus roeckeli
Creators: name: Tenorio, Manuel J.
name: Abalde, Samuel
name: Pardos-Blas, José R.
name: Zardoya, Rafael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Gastropoda
Neogastropoda
Conidae
Africonus
Africonus roeckeli

description: Africonus roeckeli (Rolán, 1980)
Fig. 6E
Conus roeckeli Rolán, 1980: 82, pl. 2, fig. 2.
Africonus damioi Cossignani & Fiadeiro, 2015a: 20.
Conus roeckeli – Monteiro et al. 2004: 70, pl. 95.
Material examined
Holotype
CABO VERDE • 13.2 mm; Boa Vista Island, Baía das Gatas; E. Rolán leg.; MNCN 15.05/1049 (Fig. 6E).
Other material
CABO VERDE • 1 spec.; Boa Vista Island, Praia Canto; 16º11ʹ10ʺ N, 22º42ʹ28ʺ W; 4 Jul. 2013; MNCN exped.; GenBank mitochondrion, partial genome: MF491567; MNCN 15.05/80417 • 1 spec.; Boa Vista Island, Água Doce; 16º12ʹ29ʺ N, 22º44ʹ7ʺ W; 19 Apr. 2015; MNCN exped.; GenBank mitochondrion, partial genome: MF491586; MNCN 15.05/79886.
Geographical distribution
North and northeastern Boa Vista Island, Cabo Verde Archipelago.
Conservation status in IUCN Red List
Least concern.
Remarks
This is a very variably patterned species from Boa Vista Island. It is sister to A. infinitus from Maio Island, and stands phylogenetically fairly distant from other species in Boa Vista Island. The taxon A. damioi is conspecific, and represents a mere color form of A. roeckeli.
description: Published as part of Tenorio, Manuel J., Abalde, Samuel, Pardos-Blas, José R. & Zardoya, Rafael, 2020, Taxonomic revision of West African cone snails (Gastropoda: Conidae) based upon mitogenomic studies: implications for conservation, pp. 1-89 in European Journal of Taxonomy 663 (663) on page 42, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.663, http://zenodo.org/record/3890442
Co-deformation of an aluminum zinc alloy
Creators: name: Breakey, J.W. Matthew
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2008

description: In some systems, including copper niobium, it has been found that as the scale of the two phases decreases, there is an anomalous increase in strength. Mechanisms of this strengthening have been postulated, but a general theory has yet to be developed. A model system to study the co-deformation of fine scale materials was developed and characterized. An aluminum 18.5at.% zinc alloy was selected and discontinuously precipitated to produce 100% transformation and an interlamellar spacing of 240nm.The material was tested using strain rate jump tests to determine the temperature sensitivity, tensile tested to determine work hardening and the temperature sensitivity, wire drawn to study the effect of large plastic deformation and finally tension compression tested to determine internal stresses. The bulk properties of the two phases are well known allowing for a detailed analysis of the composite properties when combined with the mechanical results. The material showed increased strength above the rule of mixture prediction from bulk properties due to a fine scale microstructure . Although the lamellar material had a much higher strength than the rule of mixtures would predict, the overall strength of the alloy did not approach that of more conventional high strength aluminum alloys. The material was found to be temperature and rate dependent, with an increased work hardening rate as the temperature was decreased. Temperature was found to play a key role in the stress partitioning between the two phases. Temperature dependent relaxation processes lowered the stress partitioning between the hard and soft phases as the temperature was increased. Therefore, stress relaxation must be minimized to maximize the strengthening found in fine scale materials.
title: Erste Liebelei und erste Liebe; [1848]
title: Freitag den 18. August 1848 : Lustspiel in einem Akt nach Scribe von Th. Hell ... : Hierauf folgt (neu einstudirt) Ein Glas Eppelwein, oder: Ursachen und Wirkungen. (Eine Parodie des Lustspiels: Ein Glas Wasser") Lokal-Lustspiel in zwei Abtheilungen, von E. H. A. Hallenstein ... : Morgen, Samstag den 19. August: Die Hochzeit des Figaro. Große Oper in drei Abtheilungen. Musik von Mozart
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2018

description: Provenienz: Schauss, Anton | Einband = 0014/W 2 Hist. 2558
The Impact of IMSI Catcher Deployments on Cellular Network Security: Challenges and Countermeasures in 4G and 5G Networks
Creators: name: Kareem, Karwan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 460407
subject: System and network security
classificationCode: 460499
subject: Cybersecurity and privacy not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 460402
subject: Data and information privacy

description: IMSI (International Mobile Subscriber Identity) catchers, also known as "Stingrays" or "cell site simulators," are rogue devices that pose a significant threat to cellular network security [1]. IMSI catchers can intercept and manipulate cellular communications, compromising the privacy and security of mobile devices and their users. With the advent of 4G and 5G networks, IMSI catchers have become more sophisticated and pose new challenges to cellular network security [2].This paper provides an overview of the impact of IMSI catcher deployments on cellular network security in the context of 4G and 5G networks. It discusses the challenges posed by IMSI catchers, including the unauthorized collection of IMSI numbers, interception of communications, and potential misuse of subscriber information. It also highlights the potential consequences of IMSI catcher deployments, including the compromise of user privacy, financial fraud, and unauthorized surveillance. The paper further reviews the countermeasures that can be employed to mitigate the risks posed by IMSI catchers. These countermeasures include network-based solutions such as signal analysis, encryption, and authentication mechanisms, as well as user-based solutions such as mobile applications and device settings. The paper also discusses the limitations and effectiveness of these countermeasures in the context of 4G and 5G networks.Finally, the paper identifies research gaps and future directions for enhancing cellular network security against IMSI catchers in the era of 4G and 5G networks. This includes the need for improved encryption algorithms, authentication mechanisms, and detection techniques to effectively detect and prevent IMSI catcher deployments. The paper also emphasizes the importance of regulatory and policy measures to govern the deployment and use of IMSI catchers to protect user privacy and security.
Boreostiba sibirica
Creators: name: Klimaszewski, Jan
name: Chandler, Donald S.
name: Davies, Anthony
name: Bourdon, Caroline
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Staphylinidae
Boreostiba
Boreostiba sibirica

description: 80. Boreostiba sibirica (Mäklin) *
(Illustrations in Lohse et al. 1990, Klimaszewski et al. 2011, 2018, 2021), Table 1
References. Mäklin 1880. Bernhauer 1907. Brundin 1940. Lohse et al. 1990. Gusarov 2003. Klimaszewski et al. 2011, 2018, 2021.
Distribution. Holarctic, recorded from A/S (Klimaszewski et al. 2021). Canada: LB, NT, NU, YT. USA: AK, NH.
Collection and Habitat data. In NH two females were found in birch and fir litter at an elevation of 1170– 1828m. In Canada and Alaska found in moss and litter on tundra and under rocks at the margin of a snowfield; in Ptasites, Salix litter; moss, Saxifraga by stream; in rich Alnus, Ribes, Salix litter on bluffs above river; in Geum glaciale J.E. Adams ex Fisch, Primula tschuktschorum Kjellm. by stream formed from snow melt (Klimaszewski et al. 2021).
Material. USA, New Hampshire, Coos Co.: Mt. Washington, 5800–6000’, 10.IX.1987, A. Smetana (CNC) 1 female. Mt. Washington, Halfway House, 1170m, 25.VI.1982, D.S. Chandler, sift birch and fir litter, 1 female.
Comments. This northern species is found only at high elevations in NH, and probably represents a relict population from the period of glaciation. It is transcontinental in northern Canada and occurs also in Alaska (Klimaszewski et al. 2018, 2021).
description: Published as part of Klimaszewski, Jan, Chandler, Donald S., Davies, Anthony & Bourdon, Caroline, 2023, Aleocharine rove beetles of New Hampshire, USA: new taxa and new records (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Aleocharinae), pp. 1-141 in Zootaxa 5364 (1) on page 48, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5364.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10145460
Africonus salletae Cossignani 2014
Creators: name: Tenorio, Manuel J.
name: Abalde, Samuel
name: Pardos-Blas, José R.
name: Zardoya, Rafael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Gastropoda
Neogastropoda
Conidae
Africonus
Africonus salletae

description: Africonus salletae Cossignani, 2014
Fig. 6F
Africonus salletae Cossignani, 2014: 25.
Material examined
Holotype
CABO VERDE • 15.5 mm; Boa Vista Island, Espingueira; 0.5–2 m depth; MMM (Fig. 6F).
Geographical distribution
Only known from the type locality.
Conservation status in IUCN Red List
Not evaluated.
Remarks
This relatively recently described species has not been examined in detail. It is morphologically (and most likely phylogenetically also) related to A. fuscoflavus. It is hereby considered as provisionally valid only, pending confirmation by future molecular analyses.
description: Published as part of Tenorio, Manuel J., Abalde, Samuel, Pardos-Blas, José R. & Zardoya, Rafael, 2020, Taxonomic revision of West African cone snails (Gastropoda: Conidae) based upon mitogenomic studies: implications for conservation, pp. 1-89 in European Journal of Taxonomy 663 (663) on page 44, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.663, http://zenodo.org/record/3890442
Clusiota impressicollis
Creators: name: Klimaszewski, Jan
name: Chandler, Donald S.
name: Davies, Anthony
name: Bourdon, Caroline
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Staphylinidae
Clusiota
Clusiota impressicollis

description: 82. Clusiota impressicollis (Bernhauer)
(Illustrations in Klimaszewski et al. 2018), Table 1
References. Bernhauer 1907. Casey 1910 (as C. claviventris Casey). Gusarov 2003. Klimaszewski et al. 2008a, 2011, 2015c, 2018.
Distribution. Nearctic. BC, NB, NF, ON. USA: CA, NH (NSR), WA.
Collection and Habitat data. One female was captured in NH by a Malaise trap in August in a coastal forest. In NF specimens were found in a fir-deciduous forest; a specimen from NB was found under coyote dung on a gravel road through an old-growth white spruce and balsam fir forest (Klimaszewski et al. 2011, 2018).
Material. USA, New Hampshire, Rockingham Co.: 1 mi W Odiorne Point, 6–9.VIII.1983, D.S. Chandler, Malaise trap, 1 female.
description: Published as part of Klimaszewski, Jan, Chandler, Donald S., Davies, Anthony & Bourdon, Caroline, 2023, Aleocharine rove beetles of New Hampshire, USA: new taxa and new records (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Aleocharinae), pp. 1-141 in Zootaxa 5364 (1) on page 49, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5364.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10145460
The impact of genetic variation in ABCA1 on cholesterol metabolism, atherosclerosis and diabetes
Creators: name: Brunham, Liam Robert
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2008

description: The ATP-binding cassette transporter, sub-family A, member 1 (ABCA1) mediates the major pathway for cholesterol exit from non-hepatic cells and thereby controls the rate-limiting step in the biogenesis of high density lipoprotein (HDL) particles. In humans,ABCA1 deficiency results in Tangier disease, characterized by low levels of HDL cholesterol, cellular cholesterol accumulation and increased risk for atherosclerosis. More than 100 coding variants have been described in the ABCA1 gene. We attempted to understand how both naturally occurring and engineered mutations in ABCA1 impact its role in cholesterol transport in a variety of in vitro and in vivo systems. We attempted to correlate specific genetic variants in ABCA 1 with phenotypes in patients carrying the sevariants, and used an evolutionary approach to predict which specific variants in ABCA1would impact its function. We then turned to the study of tissue-specific genetic deletion of ABCA1 in mice to study its role in HDL biogenesis, atherosclerosis and glucose metabolism. We found that intestinal ABCA1 is an important site of HDL biogenesis and that activation of intestinal ABCA1 raises HDL levels in vivo. Hepatic ABCA1, which is a major site of HDL biogenesis, was shown to significantly contribute to susceptibility to atherosclerosis. Finally, we show that ABCA1 plays an unsuspected role in B-cell function and insulin secretion. These studies have contributed to our understanding of the impact of genetic variation in ABCA1 on diverse biological and pathological processes, and have identified novel aspects of ABCA 1 function in specific cell types.