cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Implementation of New European Grid Codes for Large Scale PV Systems
Creators: name: Wachenfeld, V.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: PV Systems
PV Power Plants

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 3861-3865
description: An increasing share of renewable suppliers in today’s energy mix is shifting the focus of distribution
(DSOs) and transmission grid operators (TSOs) towards the question of future grid stability. To guarantee a stabile
distribution grid, new grid codes are established stipulating ancillary services and integration into grid management
structures. The new grid code „Erzeugungsanlagen am Mittelspannungsnetz“ of the German Energy and Water
Industries Association (BDEW) just like other comparable guidelines in various European countries demonstrate a
significant paradigm shift: whereas system operators have perceived PV systems or other decentralized generation
technologies as something similar to “negative loads”, they are now considered as actual power plants. Today’s PV
system technology is ready to meet the requirements of these grid codes. State of the art inverter systems allow the
implementation of fast control structures, e.g. applying the MPP tracking algorithms to instantly reduce the power
output of the system on demand - without any need for additional components like dump loads or power chopper
switches. Demanding capability to provide reactive power is currently relocating the focus of new inverter design
from last decade’s drive to maximize efficiency only to a full range of functionalities. But transferring reactive power
capability into a standard requirement at any point of interconnection will cause dispensable losses, reduce the
achievable energy yield by not allowing to utilize technology with maximum efficiency and thus might put the payoff
of the system at risk. System operators are now in demand to consider a sense of proportion to avoid unnecessary
constraints for a steadily increasing share of renewable energy.
title: 2023 NOAA Research & Development Database Annual Operating Report
Creators: name: Bucht, Karin
name: Cross, Anju
name: Jabin, Ishrat
name: Laster, Meka
name: Deehan, Megan
name: Newcomb, Laura
name: Snyder, Tim
name: Sankuri, Jyothi
name: Yedinak, Kirk
name: Mong, Kai
name: Fritz, Allison
name: Pahlavan, Moe
Publisher: name: NOAA Office of Science Support
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/052pywd95
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: NOAA technical memorandum OAR OSS ; 004
description: The 2023 NRDD Annual Operating Report provides an overview of NRDD data inputs, usage, stakeholder engagement, and improvements made during 2023, to inform the Research and Development Enterprise Committee (RDEC) and the NRDD user community how NRDD funding is used.
The outcomes of stand alone polyetheretherketone cages in anterior cervical discectomy and fusion
Creators: name: Ahmed, Abdulaziz F.
name: Al Dosari, Mohammed Al Ateeq
name: Al Kuwari, Abdulaziz
name: Khan, Nasser Mehrab
Publisher: name: Manara - Qatar Research Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Clinical sciences

description: The procedure of anterior cervical discectomy and fusion is considered as the treatment of choice in degenerative disc disease, which material provides the best clinical and radiological fusion and other outcomes remains heavily debated. Materials that augment the process of fusion consist of bone grafting, titanium, polyetheretherketone (PEEK), or carbon cages. The application of PEEK cages has been recommended as it is radiolucent, and it has a modulus of elasticity that is similar to cortical bone. PEEK cages can be either filled with various materials or unfilled cages. Filled PEEK cages can include bone autografts, bone allografts, demineralized bone matrix, and other materials that facilitate fusion. This narrative review highlights that standalone filled PEEK cages were likely to have better radiological outcomes and satisfactory clinical outcomes for myelopathy when compared with standalone unfilled PEEK cages.Other Information Published in: International Orthopaedics
 License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
See article on publisher's website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00264-020-04760-1
A Theoretical Analysis on the Energy Production of III-V Multi-Junction Solar Cells under Realistic Spectral Conditions
Creators: name: Philipps, S.P.
name: Peharz, G.
name: Hornung, T.
name: Hoheisel, R.
name: Al-Abbadi, N.M.
name: Dimroth, F.
name: Bett, A.W.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics
Terrestrial Concentrator Systems

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 121-125
description: In this paper we present a methodology which uses the detailed balance method to determine the
optimum bandgap combination of III-V triple-junction solar cells for the highest yearly energy production. As an
example for the methodology we analyse two geographical locations on Earth with distinct spectral conditions. For
these places the monthly average of the measured aerosol optical depth and the precipitable water are used to
calculate direct solar spectra with a discretisation of one spectrum per hour. The model is used to analyse the spectral
sensitivity of the bandgap design of four practical III-V triple-junction solar cell structures. In addition, the impact of
the designated operating temperature is investigated. Furthermore, the ideal bandgap combination for a maximal
energy harvest is calculated for each location. It is shown that structures optimized for the standard AM1.5d
reference spectrum yield nearly optimal energy harvesting efficiencies at geographical locations with “red-rich”
spectral conditions. However, the choice of the right bandgap combination is essential. By contrast, structures should
be re-optimized for locations with a high share of blue light.
Back-Up Inverters for Safe Electricity Supply
Creators: name: Rothert, M.
name: Wachenfeld, V.
name: Engel, B.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
Engineering and System Integration

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 3116-3120
description: According to a study authorized by European PV industry, the installed PV power in Germany will increase from 5.5
GW today up to nearly 80 GW in 2020. This figure is even higher than the maximum grid load at that time –
following expert’s predictions. Due to today’s market situation, a significant share of the installed PV power will still
be connected to the public low voltage grid. Thus provisions to guarantee grid stability cannot be limited to high
voltage distribution and transportation grids.
To unburden the public grid from massive upcoming transportation tasks, German government decided to implement
a special incentive for direct utilization of PV generated energy into the clean energy act (EEG 2009). After
reaching grid parity, meaning that the cost to generate electrical energy by PV is the same or higher than the price of
energy for private households, a maximum share of direct utilization will be mandatory for an economic operation of
PV systems. These preconditions cause new requirements for PV system technology: loads have to be switched on
and off automatically, driven by the present availability of solar irradiation, tariff information of smart metering
systems have to be evaluated, but not until the implementation of decentralized storage systems, an optimized
adjustment of generation and consumption can be achieved. Today’s state of the art PV backup systems to bypass
loss of mains situations already offer relevant parts of the expected requirement specification for tomorrow’s PV
system technology: the integrated battery storage can optimize the share of direct utilization of the generated energy,
but can also provide a guaranteed reserve power service for the public grid. Ancillary services like keeping the grid
voltage stabile as well as controlling the power production and consumption depending on the state of charge of the
battery or the available PV power can already be provided. PV backup systems offer more than a small step towards
a stabile grid with a maximum share of renewable sources.
Testing the Binary Trigger Hypothesis in FUors
Creators: name: Green, Joel D.
name: Kraus, Adam L.
name: Rizzuto, Aaron C.
name: Ireland, Michael J.
name: Dupuy, Trent J.
name: Mann, Andrew W.
name: Kuruwita, Rajika
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present observations of three FU Orionis objects (hereafter, FUors) with nonredundant aperture-mask interferometry (NRM) at 1.59 um and 2.12 um that probe for binary companions on the scale of the protoplanetary disk that feeds their accretion outbursts. We do not identify any companions to V1515 Cyg or HBC 722, but we do resolve a close binary companion to V1057 Cyg that is at the diffraction limit (rho = 58.3 +/- 1.4 mas or 30 +/- 5 AU) and currently much fainter than the outbursting star (delta(K') = 3.34 +/- 0.10 mag). Given the flux excess of the outbursting star, we estimate that the mass of the companion (M ~ 0.25 Msun) is similar to or slightly below that of the FUor itself, and therefore it resembles a typical T Tauri binary system. Our observations only achieve contrast limits of delta(K') ~ 4 mag, and hence we are only sensitive to companions that were near or above the pre-outburst luminosity of the FUors. It remains plausible that FUor outbursts could be tied to the presence of a close binary companion. However, we argue from the system geometry and mass reservoir considerations that these outbursts are not directly tied to the orbital period (i.e., occurring at periastron passage), but instead must only occur infrequently.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures
Development of Mechanically Stacked Multi-Junction Solar Cells Applying Thin, One-side Contacted III-V Cells
Creators: name: Flamand, G.
name: Zhao, L.
name: Mols, Y.
name: Van Der Heide, J.
name: Poortmans, J.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics
Terrestrial Concentrator Systems

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 126-129
description: A mechanically stacked multijunction cell concept employing well-known subcells is under
development. The InGaP and GaAs top and middle cells are processed such that the Ge substrate, onto which the IIIV
epitaxial layers were deposited, is removed resulting in very thin top and middle cells, which are to be stacked on a
separately realized Ge bottom cell. The absence of a substrate in the top and middle cells of a mechanical stack
allows to interconnect all contact grids of the different cells in the stack from the front side of the complete stack,
which reduces the electrical architecture challenges. Additionally, it facilitates transport of excessive heat to the heat
sink. As a first demonstrator of this technology, a dual-junction cell has been realized by mechanically stacking a
thin, one-side contacted GaAs cell on top of a separate Ge bottom cell, with excellent performance of both cells.
Towards Commercialization of Large Area Photovoltaic Dye Cells at 3GSolar
Creators: name: Goldstein, J.
name: Breen, B.
name: Yakupov, I.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics
Organic-based PV

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 135-137
description: Dye solar cells (DSCs) are a low cost alternative to photovoltaic silicon and thin film cells on the basis
of materials (bulk titania powder in place of high purity semiconductors such as silicon) and process costs (simple
screen printing and oven treatment in air in place of vacuum deposition). 3GSolar Ltd., with a novel DSC design
based on a robust silver-free current collecting grid, have developed commercial size, sealed prototype glass-based
cells of area 225 sq cm and assembled them into multicell prototype PV modules. Performance data are presented for
these prototypes, which are on schedule towards pilot production (2009/10) and industrial production (2011) of cells
and modules.
Optimal Reactive Power Supply in Distribution Networks - Technological and Economic Assessment for PV-Systems
Creators: name: Braun, M.
name: Stetz, T.
name: Reimann, T.
name: Valov, B.
name: Arnold, G.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: PV Systems
PV Power Plants

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 3872-3881
description: As a reaction to the steadily increasing share of photovoltaic (PV) power, German utilities are working
on a new standard for the connection and parallel operation of generators in low voltage networks. The new grid
code could be a big step towards active participation of PV-Systems in low voltage network operation. Reactive
power provision by PV systems is expected to be interesting in future. This paper starts with a theoretical
introduction on how reactive power can be used to influence of PV power feed-in on the voltage at its point of
common coupling. For a technical and economical optimization of the most common reactive power provision
methods two typical German low voltage distribution test feeders (rural and suburban network structure) with high
level PV penetration have been modelled and analyzed. Here, the economic evaluation considers the perspective of
the PV plant operators as well as of the distribution system operator. The results show that the highest share of the
total additional operational costs arises for the PV plant operators and that there exists a big difference in the costs of
the different reactive power supply approaches. Also an overview is given about the actual situation on grid codes
and the certification procedures in Germany.
High-Voltage Multi-Junction-Cell Concentrator Array Direct-Driving an Electric Thruster Test Results
Creators: name: Brandhorst, H.
name: Rodiek, J.
name: Best, S.
name: De Landtsheer, M.
name: Piszczor, M.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics
Solar Cells, Modules and PV Systems for Space Applications

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 106-110
description: Auburn University is working in conjunction with ENTECH, Inc. to perform a “direct drive”
experiment using a high-voltage (600 Voc) ENTECH SunLine concentrator array that has multijunction solar cells
coupled to a Russian T-100 Hall Effect Thruster. This may well be the first time a Hall thruster has been run
directly from III-V-based multi-junction solar cells and at this high voltage. This paper will discuss the set-up and
testing results. Testing will include the addition of SLA hardware in a vacuum chamber to measure plume
impingement effects at various positions relative to the exhaust axis of the thruster. The goal of this task was t o
define the most meaningful combined high voltage SLA concentrator array and Hall-effect thruster demonstration
tests relevant to solar electric propulsion to test SLA reliability and provide information to help advance the SLAs
qualification level. This is the next step under a Phase II STTR with NASA Glenn Research Center for the
development of Stretched Lens Array hardware for Solar Electric Propulsion missions and is being performed at
Auburn Universitys Space Research Institute. The ENTECH SunLine triple-junction concentrator array is very
similar to the SLA design.
GeMS MCAO observations of the Galactic globular cluster NGC 2808: the absolute age
Creators: name: Massari, Davide
name: Fiorentino, G.
name: McConnachie, A.
name: Bono, G.
name: Dall'Ora, M.
name: Ferraro, I.
name: Iannicola, G.
name: Stetson, P. B.
name: Turri, P.
name: Tolstoy, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Globular clusters are the oldest stellar systems in the Milky Way and probe the early epoch of the Galaxy formation. However, the uncertainties on their absolute age are still too large to soundly constrain how the Galactic structures have assembled. The aim of this work is to obtain an accurate estimate of the absolute age of the globular cluster NGC 2808 using deep IR data obtained with the multi conjugate adaptive optics system operating at the Gemini South telescope (GeMS). This exquisite photometry, combined with that obtained in V and I bands with HST, allowed us the detection of the faint Main Sequence Knee feature in NGC 2808 colour magnitude diagram. The difference between this point and the main sequence turn off is a good age estimator and provides ages with unprecedented accuracy. We found that NGC 2808 has an age of t=10.9\pm0.7 (intrinsic) \pm0.45 (metallicity term) Gyr. A possible contamination by He-enhanced population could make the cluster up to 0.25 Gyr older. Although this age estimate agrees with the age coming from the classical turn off method (t=11.0 Gyr), its uncertainty is a factor ~3 better, since it avoids systematics in reddening, distance assumptions and photometric zero points determination. The final absolute age indicates that NGC 2808 is slightly younger than other Galactic globular clusters with similar metallicity.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures, 2 tables. Accepted for publication in A&A
Grid Connected PV Systems with Lithium-Ion Batteries Energy Storage for Daily Guaranteed Energy during Peak Power Time: Results and Conclusions from Guadeloupe Field Tests
Creators: name: Marcel, J.C.
name: Olivier, G.
name: Robert, M.
name: Cousseau, J.F.
name: Lippert, M.
name: Vial-Collet, A.
name: Vafeas, A.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: PV Systems
PV Power Plants

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 3870-3871
description: Electricity storage has been identified as a key issue by European PV and the "Smart Grids" platform: it
is a critical technology which will catalyze the large penetration of Renewable Energy Sources foreseen in Europe by
2020. In regions with a high solar potential, electrical storage combined with PV systems (converters, energy
management systems) allows to address intermittency of generation. A producer is in a position to supply guaranteed
power to the network operator in charge of the local balancing. The value of the shifted kWh of a grid connected PV +
storage system has been modelled in an insular environment and confronted to experimental results carried out in the
Guadeloupe Island. Various operating scenarios and tariffs have been simulated taking into account the real electricity
demand data and the manufacturer’s industrial roadmap for a Li-ion battery technology. Orientations for further large
scale experiments conclude the real life experiments conducted in 2008/09.
Passivation of Laser-Drilled Via Holes for Emitter-Wrap-Through-Cells
Creators: name: Mingirulli, N.
name: Trittler, S.
name: Bui, M.
name: Grohe, A.
name: Biro, D.
name: Preu, R.
name: Glunz, S.W.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Cells and Materials, Processing Technology of

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 996-999
description: A high speed via-hole drilling laser process for emitter-wrap through cell production is investigated concerning the removal of induced crystal damage by a subsequent alkaline etching step. The etching time necessary for damage removal is identified. Further the passivating properties at the via-hole surface of two passivation layers are compared. The passivating effect of a PECVD-SiN layer deposited on both sides of the wafers is confronted to thermal oxide passivation by lifetime measurement. A theoretical frame work using the analogy of via-holes and dislocations is applied to extract values for the surface recombination velocity at the via-hole wall. Both analysis indicate that the passivating effect of the PECVD layer depends on the via hole radius whereas the passivation quality of the SiO2-layer saturates for an etching time of equal or greater 240 s. For the highest etching times surface recombination velocities of down to 60 cm/s are found for SiN.
Defect Tolerant Monolayer Transition Metal Dichalcogenides
Creators: name: Pandey, Mohnish
name: Rasmussen, Filip A.
name: Kuhar, Korina
name: Olsen, Thomas
name: Jacobsen, Karsten W.
name: Thygesen, Kristian S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Localized electronic states formed inside the band gap of a semiconductor due to crystal defects can be detrimental to the material's optoelectronic properties. Semiconductors with lower tendency to form defect induced deep gap states are termed defect tolerant. Here we provide a systematic first principles investigation of defect tolerance in 29 monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) of interest for nanoscale optoelectronics. We find that the TMDs based on group VI and X metals form deep gap states upon creation of a chalcogen (S, Se, Te) vacancy while the TMDs based on group IV metals form only shallow defect levels and are thus predicted to be defect tolerant. Interestingly, all the defect sensitive TMDs have valence and conduction bands with very similar orbital composition. This indicates a bonding/anti-bonding nature of the gap which in turn suggests that dangling bonds will fall inside the gap. These ideas are made quantitative by introducing a descriptor that measures the degree of similarity of the conduction and valence band manifolds. Finally, the study is generalized to non-polar nanoribbons of the TMDs where we find that only the defect sensitive materials form edge states within the band gap.
Defect Redistribution by Low Temperature Annealing in Ingot Silicon Solar Cells
Creators: name: Rinio, M.
name: Yodyunyong, A.
name: Pirker, M.
name: Keipert-Colberg, S.
name: Wang, P.
name: Buonassisi, T.
name: Borchert, D.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Cells and Materials, Processing Technology of

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 1014-1017
description: The influence of an annealing step at about 500 °C after emitter diffusion on multicrystalline ingot cast silicon solar cells is investigated. In 2007, Buonassisi et al. reported an increase in the whole cell efficiency due to such an anneal for 30 min. Our work now shows where on the solar cell this improvement takes place. Neighbouring wafers out of a silicon ingot were processed with and without this annealing step and were investigated by the light beam induced current (LBIC) technique. The high resolved topograms show that mainly areas with high contents of precipitates are affected by the anneal. Typically, these are areas from positions near the crucible walls. Here, also decorated grain boundaries and dislocations are improved. Therefore the positive effect is significantly seen on wafers from ingot edges and corner positions. Since more than 50 % of all wafers come from such positions, the impact of the anneal could be noticeable, even if not all of these wafers contain a deteriorated border. For future cells made of purified metallurgical grade silicon, such an anneal could significantly improve the whole cell area.
Solar Array Qualification Models for Aquarius/SAC-D Satellite Mission
Creators: name: Alurralde, M.
name: Barrera, M.
name: Bolzi, C.G.
name: Bruno, C.J.
name: Cabot, P.
name: Carella, E.
name: Di Santo, J.
name: Duran, J.C.
name: Fernández Vázquez, J.
name: Filevich, A.
name: Franciulli, C.D.
name: Godfrin, E.M.
name: Goldbeck, V.
name: Iglesias, A.
name: Martínez Bogado, M.
name: Mezzabolta, E.
name: Moglioni, A.
name: Nigri, C.
name: Nigro, S.L.
name: Pla, J.
name: Prario, I.
name: Raffo Calderón, M.C.
name: Rodríguez, S.E.
name: Socolovsky, H.
name: Tamasi, M.J.L.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics
Solar Cells, Modules and PV Systems for Space Applications

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 785-789
description: The development and testing of two solar array qualification models for the Aquarius/SAC-D satellite mission are presented. These activities are done within the frame of a cooperation agreement between the Argentine National Atomic Energy Commission (CNEA) and the Argentine National Commission for Space Activities (CONAE). SAC-D satellite, a joint mission between CONAE and the United States space agency (NASA), is schedule for launching in May 2010. Two qualification models based on ATJ Emcore solar cells were integrated for SAC-D mission: one called EM#3 (Engineering Model #3, of 900 mm × 570 mm), and the EQM (Engineering Qualification Model, of actual wing dimensions, 2338 mm × 2154 mm). The design, simulation, fabrication and characterization of both models are presented. The development, integration and characterization of the coarse solar sensors are also shown. Finally, results of tests performed on the solar arrays are reported.
The role of ulnar nerve subcutaneous anterior transposition during open reduction and internal fixation of distal humerus fractures: a retrospective cohort study
Creators: name: Ahmed, Abdulaziz F.
name: Parambathkandi, Ashik Mohsin
name: Kong, Wai Jing Geraldine
name: Salameh, Motasem
name: Mudawi, Aiman
name: Abousamhadaneh, Maamoun
name: Abuodeh, Yousef
name: Ahmed, Ghalib O.
Publisher: name: Manara - Qatar Research Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Clinical sciences

description: Purpose To compare the rates of ulnar nerve neuropathy following ulnar nerve subcutaneous anterior transposition versus no transposition during open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) of distal humerus fractures. Methods This was a retrospective cohort study at an academic level I trauma centre. A total of 97 consecutive patients with distal humerus fractures underwent ORIF between 2011 and 2018. All included patients were treated with plates (isolated lateral plates excluded) and had no pre-operative ulnar neuropathy. Subcutaneous ulnar nerve anterior transposition was compared versus no transposition at the time of ORIF. The main outcome measure was the rate of ulnar nerve neuropathy. The secondary outcomes were the severity of the ulnar nerve neuropathy and the rate of ulnar nerve recovery. Results Twenty-eight patients underwent subcutaneous ulnar nerve anterior transposition during ORIF, whereas 69 patients had no transposition. Transposition was associated with significantly higher rates of ulnar nerve neuropathy (10/28 versus 10/69; P = 0.027). An adjusted logistic regression model demonstrated an odds ratio of 4.8 (1.3, 17.5; 95% CI) when transposition was performed. Ulnar nerve neuropathy was classified as McGowan grades 1 and 2 in all neuropathy cases in both groups (P = 0.66). Three out of ten cases recovered in the transposition group, and five out of ten cases recovered in the no transposition group over a mean follow-up of 11.2 months (P = 1.00). Conclusion We do not recommend performing routine subcutaneous ulnar nerve anterior transposition during ORIF of distal humerus fracture as it was associated with a significant 5-fold increase in ulnar nerve neuropathy.Other Information Published in: International Orthopaedics
 License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
See article on publisher's website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00264-020-04745-0
High-Efficiency Back-Contact Back-Junction Silicon Solar Cell Research at Fraunhofer ISE
Creators: name: Granek, F.
name: Hermle, M.
name: Reichel, C.
name: Schultz-Wittmann, O.
name: Glunz, S.W.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Cells and Materials, Processing Technology of

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 991-995
description: In this paper we present the Fraunhofer ISE approach to high-efficiency back-contact back-junction (BC-BJ) solar cell design and processing. An industrially feasible processing sequence for manufacturing of the BC-BJ solar cells was developed. The best efficiency of 21.3 % was achieved on 1 Ω cm n-type FZ Si. The cell features a phosphorus-doped front-surface field. Local recombination losses called electrical shading were indentified as one of the main cell loss mechanism. In the case of base resistivity of 1 Ω cm the increased recombination over the BSF and undiffused gap areas is responsible for 3.3 % reduction of IQE. This causes around 0.7 % absolute efficiency loss. A novel cell structure with locally overcompensated boron emitters is proposed as a solution to reducing the carrier recombination over the base areas.
A multi-epoch spectroscopic study of the BAL quasar APM 08279+5255 II. Emission- and absorption-line variability time lags
Creators: name: Saturni, F. G.
name: Trevese, D.
name: Vagnetti, F.
name: Perna, M.
name: Dadina, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The study of high-redshift bright quasars is crucial to gather information about the history of galaxy assembly and evolution. Variability analyses can provide useful data on the physics of the quasar processes and their relation with the host galaxy. In this study, we aim at measuring the black hole mass of the bright lensed BAL QSO APM 08279+5255 at $z=3.911$ through reverberation mapping, and at updating and extending the monitoring of its C IV absorption line variability. Thanks to 138 R-band photometric data and 30 spectra available over 16 years of observations, we perform the first reverberation mapping of the Si IV and C IV emission lines for a high-luminosity quasar at high redshift. We also cross-correlate the C IV absorption equivalent width variations with the continuum light curve, in order to estimate the recombination time lags of the various absorbers and infer the physical conditions of the ionised gas. We find a reverberation-mapping time lag of $\sim 900$ rest-frame days for both Si IV and C IV emission lines. This is consistent with an extension of the BLR size-to-luminosity relation for active galactic nuclei up to a luminosity of $\sim 10^{48}$ erg/s, and implies a black hole mass of $10^{10}$ $M_\odot$. Additionally, we measure a recombination time lag of $\sim 160$ days in the rest frame for the C IV narrow absorption system, which implies an electron density of the absorbing gas of $\sim 2.5 \cdot 10^4$ cm$^{-3}$. The measured black hole mass of APM 08279+5255 indicates that the quasar resides in an under-massive host-galaxy bulge with $M_{bulge} \sim 7.5 M_{BH}$, and that the lens magnification is lower than $\sim 8$. Finally, the inferred electron density of the narrow-line absorber implies a distance of the order of 10 kpc of the absorbing gas from the quasar, placing it within the host galaxy.
description: 17 pages, 13 figures, 2 tables, accepted for publication on Astronomy & Astrophysics
Peroneal tendon dislocation in talus fracture and diagnostic value of fleck sign
Creators: name: Attia, Ahmed Khalil
name: Mahmoud, Karim
name: Taha, Tarek
name: AlDahamsheh, Osama
name: ElHessy, Ahmed Hany
name: AlObaidi, Ahmad S.
name: Mekhaimar, Mohammed M.
Publisher: name: Manara - Qatar Research Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Clinical sciences

description: Introduction Talus fractures are not uncommon and one of the serious fractures in the foot and ankle. Peroneal tendon dislocation is one of the commonly missed soft tissue injuries which may have significant impact on the outcomes including persistent pain and swelling. They have been reported to be associated with calcaneum as well as talus fractures. Aim To report the incidence of peroneal tendon dislocation in talus fracture and the significance of fleck sign in the diagnosis of peroneal tendon dislocation. Methods We retrospectively reviewed 93 consecutive talus fractures in the period between 1/1/2011 to 1/11/2018. Inclusion criteria were: The patient underwent open reduction and internal fixation, had pre-operative CT scan that is available for review and three view ankle plain radiographs. Two independent authors review the radiographs for peroneal tendon dislocation, fleck sign and fracture classification, if any. Any dispute was resolved by the senior author.Patient records were reviewed for laterality, age, sex,mode of injury, associated injuries and operative interventions. 50 ankles met the inclusion criteria. 49 were males, mean age was 32.5 year and the predominant mode of injury was a fall from height. Results Peroneal tendon dislocation was found in ten patients out of 50 (20%). Risk of dislocation increased with severity of the fracture and neck fractures. Most of the dislocations were missed by surgeons and radiologist, and no additional procedures were done to address such an injury. The Fleck sign had a statistically significant correlation with peroneal tendons dislocations (p=.005) Conclusion Peroneal tendons dislocation is associated with as high as 20% of talus fractures. The authors recommend carefully reviewing CT scans by surgeons and radiologists alike to avoid missing such injury and allow for appropriate surgical approach utilization. The Fleck sign is a highly specific radiographic sign that has a statistically significant correlation with PT dislocation and hence we recommend intra-operative assessment of peroneal tendons in patients with the fleck sign.Other Information Published in: International Orthopaedics
 License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
See article on publisher's website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00264-020-04534-9
Thermoelectric transport in double-Weyl semimetals
Creators: name: Chen, Qi
name: Fiete, Gregory A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the thermoelectric properties of a double-Weyl fermion system, possibly realized in $\mathrm{HgCr_2Se_4}$ and $\mathrm{SrSi_2}$, by a semi-classical Boltzmann transport theory. We investigate different relaxation processes including short-range disorder and electron-electron interaction on the thermoelectric transport coefficients. It is found that the anisotropy of the band dispersion for in-plane and out-of-plane momentum directions affects the relaxation time for transport in different directions. The transport also exhibits an interesting directional dependence on the chemical potential and model parameters, differing from a simple isotropic quadratic or linearly dispersing electron gas. By applying a static magnetic field along the linearly dispersing direction, the longitudinal and transverse electrical and thermal magnetoconductivity show a similar dependence on the in-plane cyclotron frequency to the linear dispersing Weyl nodes. By including internode scattering, we find that the chiral anomaly contribution to the thermoelectric coefficients doubles that of a linearly dispersing Weyl node in both the semi-classical and quantum regimes. A magnetic field applied along the quadratically dispersing direction will split the double Weyl point into two single Weyl points with the same chirality.
Anthropometric correlation with hamstring graft size in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction among males
Creators: name: Moghamis, Isam
name: Abuodeh, Yousef
name: Darwiche, Ali
name: Ibrahim, Talal
name: Al Ateeq Al Dosari, Mohammad
name: Ahmed, Ghalib
Publisher: name: Manara - Qatar Research Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Clinical sciences

description: Purpose Pre-operative knowledge of hamstring graft size for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACL) is of clinical importance and useful in making appropriate decisions about graft choice. This study investigated if there is any correlation between anthropometric measurements such as height, weight, body mass index, thigh length, and circumference with the size of hamstring tendon graft in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Methods The anthropometric data of 50 consecutive adult males, who underwent primary ACL reconstruction using quadruple hamstring autograft, were collected prospectively. Data analysis using Pearson’s correlation test was performed and multiple logistic regression analysis was used to investigate any correlation not detected by Pearson’s test and to eliminate confounders. Results Patient’s height and thigh length demonstrated a positive correlation with gracilis graft length (r = .464, P = .001, r = .456, P = .001, respectively) and semitendinosus graft length (r = .541, P = 000, r = .578, P = .000, respectively). While the patient’s age was the only independent factor which had a positive correlation with the quadrupled hamstring graft diameter (r = .412, P = .004), multiple regression analysis showed abdominal girth had a significant negative correlation with gracilis (P = .04) and semitendinosus (P = .006) graft thickness. Conclusion This study demonstrated that some anthropometric measurements had a positive correlation with the hamstring graft length and diameter in male patients. Hence, these results provide preliminary support for the use of some anthropometric measurements in the preoperative planning and prediction of the hamstring graft length and diameter in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.Other Information Published in: International Orthopaedics
 License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
See article on publisher's website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00264-019-04452-5
Outcome of primary deltoid ligament repair in acute ankle fractures: a meta-analysis of comparative studies
Creators: name: Salameh, Motasem
name: Alhammoud, Abduljabbar
name: Alkhatib, Nedal
name: Attia, Ahmed K.
name: Mekhaimar, Mohamed M.
name: D’Hooghe, Pieter
name: Mahmoud, Karim
Publisher: name: Manara - Qatar Research Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Clinical sciences

description: Purpose The indications of deltoid ligament repair in ankle injuries with widened medial clear space in the absence of medial malleolus fracture remain controversial. Many authors reported no difference in long-term functional outcomes, while others stated that persistent medial clear space widening and malreduction are higher when deltoid ligaments went without repair. This meta-analysis aims to report the current published evidence about the outcomes of deltoid ligament repair in ankle fractures. Methods Several databases were searched through May 2018 for comparative studies. The primary outcome was the medial clear space correction, while secondary outcomes included maintenance of medial clear space reduction, pain scores, functional outcome, and total complications if any. Three comparative studies met the inclusion criteria for the meta-analysis. The analysis included a total of 192 patients, 81 in the deltoid ligament repair group and 111 in the non-repair group. Results The medial clear space correction and maintenance of the said correction on final follow-up radiographs were superior in the deltoid ligament repair group. Although the pain scores were better in the repair group at the final follow-up, this did not result in a better functional outcome, with similar total complication rates. Conclusion In conclusion, those who had their deltoid ligament repaired had superior early and late radiological correction of the medial clear space, an indicator of the quality of ankle reduction with better pain scores. However, no differences in the functional outcome and complications rate were reported.Other Information Published in: International Orthopaedics
 License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
See article on publisher's website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00264-019-04416-9
Classification of trivial spin-1 tensor network states on a square lattice
Creators: name: Lee, Hyunyong
name: Han, Jung Hoon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Classification of possible quantum spin liquid (QSL) states of interacting spin-1/2's in two dimensions has been a fascinating topic of condensed matter for decades, resulting in enormous progress in our understanding of low-dimensional quantum matter. By contrast, relatively little work exists on the identification, let alone classification, of QSL phases for spin-1 systems in dimensions higher than one. Employing the powerful ideas of tensor network theory and its classification, we develop general methods for writing QSL wave functions of spin-1 respecting all the lattice symmetries, spin rotation, and time reversal with trivial gauge structure on the square lattice. We find $2^5$ distinct classes characterized by five binary quantum numbers. Several explicit constructions of such wave functions are given for bond dimensions $D$ ranging from two to four, along with thorough numerical analyses to identify their physical characters. Both gapless and gapped states are found. The topological entanglement entropy of the gapped states are close to zero, indicative of topologically trivial states. In $D=4$, several different tensors can be linearly combined to produce a family of states within the same symmetry class. A rich "phase diagram" can be worked out among the phases of these tensors, as well as the phase transitions among them. Among the states we identified in this putative phase diagram is the plaquette-ordered phase, gapped resonating valence bond phase, and a critical phase. A continuous transition separates the plaquette-ordered phase from the resonating valence bond phase.
Differential gene expression of tumor-infiltrating CD33+ myeloid cells in advanced- versus early-stage colorectal cancer
Creators: name: Toor, Salman M.
name: Taha, Rowaida Z.
name: Sasidharan Nair, Varun
name: Saleh, Reem
name: Murshed, Khaled
name: Abu Nada, Mohamed
name: Elkord, Eyad
Publisher: name: Manara - Qatar Research Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Oncology and carcinogenesis

description: Colorectal cancer (CRC) has high mortality rates, especially in patients with advanced disease stages, who often do not respond to therapy. The cellular components of the tumor microenvironment are essentially responsible for dictating disease progression and response to therapy. Expansion of different myeloid cell subsets in CRC tumors has been reported previously. However, tumor-infiltrating myeloid cells have both pro- and anti-tumor roles in disease progression. In this study, we performed transcriptomic profiling of cells of myeloid lineage (CD33+) from bulk CRC tumors at varying disease stages. We identified differentially expressed genes and pathways between CRC patients with advanced stage and early stages. We found that pro-angiogenic and hypoxia-related genes were upregulated, while genes related to immune and inflammatory responses were downregulated in CD33+ myeloid cells from patients with advanced stages, implying that immune cell recruitment and activation could be compromised in advanced disease stages. Moreover, we identified a unique “poor prognosis CD33+ gene signature” by aligning top upregulated and downregulated genes in tumor-infiltrating myeloid cells from our analyses with data from The Cancer Genome Atlas. Our results showed that this gene signature is an independent prognostic indicator for disease-specific survival in CRC patients, potentially reflecting its clinical importance.Other Information Published in: Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy
 License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
See article on publisher's website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00262-020-02727-0
Alba - Development of High-Efficiency Multi-Crystalline Si EWT Solar Cells for Industrial Fabrication at Q-Cells
Creators: name: Peters, C.
name: Engelhart, P.
name: Hlusiak, M.
name: Wade, R.
name: Jesswein, R.
name: Rychtarik, D.
name: Müller, J.W.
name: Ulzhöfer, C.
name: Spätlich, S.
name: Neubert, T.
name: Harder, N.P.
name: Schmiga, C.
name: Kray, D.
name: Grohe, A.
name: Glunz, S.W.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Cells and Materials, Processing Technology of

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 1010-1013
description: The goal of the project Alba is the development and fabrication of EWT solar cells on multi-crystalline silicon with a clearly increased cell efficiency compared to standard industrial Si cells. The project lays special focus on the development of industrially applicable processes. Exemplary realisation of advanced process steps for the fabrication of EWT cells which are suitable for mass production of high efficiency solar cells is shown in this paper. First results of the successful demonstration of the cell design on a laboratory scale are presented while the
introduction of the cell concept into pilot production at Q-Cells’s new Reiner Lemoine Research Centre is announced.
The Return of the AC-Module Inverter
Creators: name: Oldenkamp, H.
name: De Jong, I.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
Balance of System Components

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 3101-3104
description: AC-modules offer a lot of advantages compared to traditional photovoltaic systems with string or
central inverters. These do not only relate to safety, but also to economics, especially of smaller systems. AC-modules
are especially interesting to use for the integration into buildings, as the independent operation of AC-modules
prevents that a PV system will function poorly due to partial shading of one or more PV modules.
Research and development into AC-module inverters started in the early nineties, and have resulted in AC-module
inverters ranging from 100 to 300 Watts. AC-modules disappeared from the market mainly due to the (relatively)
high costs and failing AC-module inverters. Recently however, several new AC-module inverters have been
introduced on the market.
For a successful return of AC-modules costs, performance, reliability and lifetime should be comparable or better
than that of central and string inverters. This paper discusses whether and how these design targets can be reached in
the newly designed inverter by OKE-Services, called the OK4All, of which the technology has been sold to SMA.
Four Years of Performance – Was it Worth the Effort?
Creators: name: Reise, C.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
PV Modules

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 3110-3115
description: PERFORMANCE stands both for the name and the subject of an Integrated Project within the 6th
Framework Programme of the European Commission. The project aims at module measurement and calibration, system
performance evaluation, device and system modelling, module service life assessment and the special case of
building integrated PV modules. Current technologies are covered as well as new and advanced cell and module concepts.
The project commenced in January 2006 and will end in December 2009, its consortium consists of 28 partners
representing industrial and research organisations from all over Europe.
During its lifetime, PERFORMANCE had to face different problems and challenges. These included changes in the
management and in the project consortium as well as changing prioritization of work in some of the groups involved
in the work programme. However, these obstacles have been overcome towards the end of the project duration.
Having a look at management issues, this contribution is not a scientific summary of PERFORMANCE, but rather a
personal review on the challenges of an Integrated Project.