cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Improved model of large-field inflation with primordial black hole production in Starobinsky-like supergravity
Creators: name: Ishikawa, Ryotaro
name: Ketov, Sergei V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A viable model of large-field (chaotic) inflation with efficient production of primordial black holes is proposed in Starobinsky-like (modified) supergravity leading to the "no-scale-type" Kähler potential and the Wess-Zumino-type ("renormalizable") superpotential. The cosmological tilts are in good (within $1σ$) agreement with Planck measurements of the cosmic microwave background radiation. In addition, the power spectrum of scalar perturbations has a large peak at smaller scales, which leads to a production of primordial black holes from gravitational collapse of large perturbations with the masses about $10^{17}$ g. The masses are beyond the Hawking (black hole) evaporation limit of $10^{15}$ g, so that those primordial black holes may be viewed as viable candidates for part or the whole of the current dark matter. The parameters of the superpotential were fine-tuned for those purposes, while the cubic term in the superpotential is essential whereas the quadratic term should vanish. The vacuum after inflation (relevant to reheating) is Minkowskian. The energy density fraction of the gravitational waves induced by the production of primordial black holes and their frequency were also calculated in the second order with respect to perturbations.
description: 19 pages, 10 figures, 1 Table, LaTeX; main results unchanged, two new figures and more references added
The design and development of an online database for the Career Services Department of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Creators: name: McCullough, Hope
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2000
Subjects: Web--Accessible
Online databases
Internet--Accessible
Databases
Web databases

description: This paper describes the design and implementation of an online database for the Career Services Department of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.  The purpose of the project was to streamline the registration process for the Technology Career Fair, the Minority Career Night and the Carolina Career Fair, all of which are sponsored by the Career Services Office in late September.  The project consisted of creating a database in Access and using Active Server Pages to connect the database to the Internet.  User interfaces were designed for three groups if users:  career services personnel, UNC students, and employers registering for the career fairs.
Writing Microbiology Resource Announcements (MRA)
Creators: name: Diaz, Arturo
name: Lee-Soety, Julia
name: Chaudhary, Shima
name: Monti, Denise
name: Sivanathan, Viknesh
name: Pollenz, Richard
Publisher: name: QUBES Educational Resources
Year: 2023

description: This resources provides a framework for students to write a Microbiology Resource Announcement, collaboratively.
Additional file 8 of Analysis of lineage-specific protein family variability in prokaryotes combined with evolutionary reconstructions
Creators: name: Karamycheva, Svetlana
name: Wolf, Yuri I.
name: Persi, Erez
name: Koonin, Eugene V.
name: Makarova, Kira S.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 8: Table S3. Number of local COGs, broken down by ancestrality, paralogy and variability.
Quantum Characteristics Near Event Horizons
Creators: name: Ali, Asad
name: Al-Kuwari, Saif
name: Ghominejad, Mehedad
name: Rahim, M. T.
name: Wang, Dong
name: Haddadi, Saeed
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate quantum characteristics around Schwarzschild black hole, exploring various quantum resources and their interplay in curved space-time. Our analysis reveals intriguing behaviors of quantum coherence, global and genuine multipartite entanglement, first-order coherence, and mutual information in different scenarios. Initially, we consider three particles shared among Alice, Bob, and Charlie in a Minkowski space far from the event horizon, where these particles are correlated via GHZ-type correlation. While Alice's particle remains in Minkowski space, Bob and Charlie accelerate towards the event horizon, experiencing black hole evaporation and generating antiparticles correlated via the Hawking effect. We employ the Kruskal basis formulation to derive a penta-partite pure state shared among particles inside and outside the event horizon. Investigating different scenarios among particles both inside and outside the event horizon, we observe how quantum resources evolve and distribute among consideration of different particles with Hawking temperature and mode frequency. The trade-off relationship between first-order coherence and concurrence fill persists, indicating the intricate interplay between coherence and entanglement. Notably, the mutual information between external observers and particles inside the black hole becomes non-zero, deepening our understanding of quantum effects in curved space-time and shedding light on the quantum nature of the black hole. We believe that these findings will pave the way for future investigations into the fundamental quantum mechanical aspects of gravity under extreme environments.
description: 15 pages, 13 figures
Physical touch in fairy tale retellings written for adult and young audiences: a content analysis
Creators: name: Meeks, Kerri
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1999
Subjects: Fairy tales--Evaluation
Content analysis--Young adults' literature
Young adults' literature--Evaluation
Content analysis--Treatment of touch.

description: This paper examines the type and amount of touch found in fairy tale retellings in novel format. It compares touch in these novels to touch from a study of real world touch experiences. Also, it compares touch in books that were written for a young adult audience to those written for an adult audience. Latent content analysis was performed on five books written for a young adult audience and five books written for an adult audience. This study concludes that touch in books somewhat reflects real life experiences and that plot of the story has more to do with what types of touch are exhibited than intended audience.
Nonequilibrium quasiparticle distribution in superconducting resonators: effect of pair-breaking photons
Creators: name: Fischer, P. B.
name: Catelani, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many superconducting devices rely on the finite gap in the excitation spectrum of a superconductor: thanks to this gap, at temperatures much smaller than the critical one the number of excitations (quasiparticles) that can impact the device's behavior is exponentially small. Nevertheless, experiments at low temperature usually find a finite, non-negligible density of quasiparticles whose origin has been attributed to various non-equilibrium phenomena. Here, we investigate the role of photons with energy exceeding the pair-breaking threshold $2Δ$ as a possible source for these quasiparticles in superconducting resonators. Modeling the interacting system of quasiparticles, phonons, sub-gap and pair-breaking photons using a kinetic equation approach, we find analytical expressions for the quasiparticles' density and their energy distribution. Applying our theory to measurements of quality factor as function of temperature and for various readout powers, we find they could be explained by assuming a small number of photons above the pair-breaking threshold. We also show that frequency shift data can give evidence of quasiparticle heating.
description: 19 pages, 13 figures
The vertical file index: facilitating access to an untapped resource via a web database
Creators: name: McGrath, Betsy A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2000
Subjects: Vertical file--Directories
Ephemeral materials--Cataloging
Web database
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill--School of Information and Library Science

description: A vertical file is a collection of materials such as pamphlets, brochures, and government documents that are too small or ephemeral to be bound. The vertical file in the School of Information and Library Science has been unused for years; as a result, it has become an out-dated resource. The purpose of this study was to create to solve the existing problems associated with the vertical file in the SILS Library. An initial study revealed that fewer than seven percent of SILS students and faculty had ever used the vertical file; however, a significant number of people reported that they would be more likely to use it if it had an online index. A web-accessible searchable index was created to make using the vertical file more convenient for library patrons. Data entry forms were designed in the database to facilitate the library staff's management of the index's contents.
Bayesian subset simulation
Creators: name: Bect, Julien
name: Li, Ling
name: Vazquez, Emmanuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We consider the problem of estimating a probability of failure $α$, defined as the volume of the excursion set of a function $f:\mathbb{X} \subseteq \mathbb{R}^{d} \to \mathbb{R}$ above a given threshold, under a given probability measure on $\mathbb{X}$. In this article, we combine the popular subset simulation algorithm (Au and Beck, Probab. Eng. Mech. 2001) and our sequential Bayesian approach for the estimation of a probability of failure (Bect, Ginsbourger, Li, Picheny and Vazquez, Stat. Comput. 2012). This makes it possible to estimate $α$ when the number of evaluations of $f$ is very limited and $α$ is very small. The resulting algorithm is called Bayesian subset simulation (BSS). A key idea, as in the subset simulation algorithm, is to estimate the probabilities of a sequence of excursion sets of $f$ above intermediate thresholds, using a sequential Monte Carlo (SMC) approach. A Gaussian process prior on $f$ is used to define the sequence of densities targeted by the SMC algorithm, and drive the selection of evaluation points of $f$ to estimate the intermediate probabilities. Adaptive procedures are proposed to determine the intermediate thresholds and the number of evaluations to be carried out at each stage of the algorithm. Numerical experiments illustrate that BSS achieves significant savings in the number of function evaluations with respect to other Monte Carlo approaches.
HOMERUN a new approach to photoionization modelling. I -- reproducing observed emission lines with percent accuracy and obtaining accurate physical properties of the ionized gas
Creators: name: Marconi, A.
name: Amiri, A.
name: Feltre, A.
name: Belfiore, F.
name: Cresci, G.
name: Curti, M.
name: Mannucci, F.
name: Bertola, E.
name: Brazzini, M.
name: Carniani, S.
name: Cataldi, E.
name: D'Amato, Q.
name: de Rosa, G.
name: Di Teodoro, E.
name: Ginolfi, M.
name: Kumari, N.
name: Marconcini, C.
name: Maiolino, R.
name: Magrini, L.
name: Marasco, A.
name: Mingozzi, M.
name: Moreschini, B.
name: Nagao, T.
name: Oliva, E.
name: Scialpi, M.
name: Tomicic, N.
name: Tozzi, G.
name: Ulivi, L.
name: Venturi, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present HOMERUN (Highly Optimized Multi-cloud Emission-line Ratios Using photo-ionizatioN), a new approach to modelling emission lines from photoionized gas that can simultaneously reproduce all observed line intensities from a wide range of ionization levels and with high accuracy. Our approach is based on the weighted combination of multiple single-cloud photoionization models and, contrary to previous works, the novelty of our approach consists in using the weights as free parameters of the fit and constraining them with the observed data. One of the main applications of HOMERUN is the accurate determination of gas-phase metallicities and we show that a critical point is to allow for a variation of the N/O and S/O abundance ratios which can significantly improve the quality of the fit and the accuracy of the results. Moreover, our approach provides a major improvement compared to the single-cloud, constant-pressure models commonly used in the literature. By using high-quality literature spectra of H ii regions where 10 to 20 emission lines (including several auroral lines) are detected with high signal-to-noise ratio, we show that all lines are reproduced by the model with an accuracy better than 10%. In particular, the model is able to simultaneously reproduce [O i]6300, 6363, [O ii]3726, 3729, [O iii]4959, 5007, [S ii]6717, 6731, and [S iii]9069, 9532 emission lines which, to our knowledge, is an unprecedented result. Finally, we show that the gas metallicities estimated with our models for HII regions in the Milky Way are in agreement with the stellar metallicities than the estimates based on the Te-method. Overall, our method provides a new accurate tool to estimate the metallicity and the physical conditions of the ionized gas. It can be applied to many different science cases from HII regions to AGN and wherever there are emission lines from photoionized gas.
description: A&A in press, new version following referee report
An electronic commerce solution for Physics Laboratory Managers
Creators: name: Green, Daniel John
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2000
Subjects: Online catalogs
Information systems--Special subjects--Physics
Information systems--Design
Front-end software
Electronic commerce
PHP(Computer language)

description: This project developed an electronic commerce solution for Physics Laboratory Managers in order to replace and streamline a present informal intradepartmental loan system.  The first section of this paper is an overview of the problem facing Laboratory Managers in university physics departments.  The second half of the paper focuses upon the technology used to complete this project, the classification schemes implemented, and the features of the final product.  Appendixes will contain the complete code and data required to replicate this project.
Double-ringed debris discs could be the work of eccentric planets: explaining the strange morphology of HD 107146
Creators: name: Pearce, Tim
name: Wyatt, Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the general interaction between an eccentric planet and a coplanar debris disc of the same mass, using analytical theory and n-body simulations. Such an interaction could result from a planet-planet scattering or merging event. We show that when the planet mass is comparable to that of the disc, the former is often circularised with little change to its semimajor axis. The secular effect of such a planet can cause debris to apsidally anti-align with the planet's orbit (the opposite of what may be naively expected), leading to the counter-intuitive result that a low-mass planet may clear a larger region of debris than a higher-mass body would. The interaction generally results in a double-ringed debris disc, which is comparable to those observed in HD 107146 and HD 92945. As an example we apply our results to HD 107146, and show that the disc's morphology and surface brightness profile can be well-reproduced if the disc is interacting with an eccentric planet of comparable mass (~10-100 Earth masses). This hypothetical planet had a pre-interaction semimajor axis of 30 or 40 au (similar to its present-day value) and an eccentricity of 0.4 or 0.5 (which would since have reduced to ~0.1). Thus the planet (if it exists) presently resides near the inner edge of the disc, rather than between the two debris peaks as may otherwise be expected. Finally we show that disc self-gravity can be important in this mass regime and, whilst it would not affect these results significantly, it should be considered when probing the interaction between a debris disc and a planet.
description: Submitted to MNRAS, uploaded in revised form
Additional file 1 of Circulating histones contribute to monocyte and MDW alterations as common mediators in classical and COVID-19 sepsis
Creators: name: Ligi, Daniela
name: Lo Sasso, Bruna
name: Giglio, Rosaria Vincenza
name: Maniscalco, Rosanna
name: DellaFranca, Chiara
name: Agnello, Luisa
name: Ciaccio, Marcello
name: Mannello, Ferdinando
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1 Comparison of MDW characteristics between healthy subjects after 3 h of in vitro treatment and in vivo patients affected by classic and viral Sepsis. Table S2 Time-dependent MDW modifications obtained in healthy whole blood samples after in vitro treatments.
Spinodal decomposition and domain coarsening in a multi-layer Cahn-Hilliard model for lithium intercalation in graphite
Creators: name: Cordoba, Antoine
name: Chandesris, Marion
name: Plapp, Mathis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: During the intercalation of lithium in layered host materials such as graphite, lithium atoms can move within the plane between two neighboring graphene sheets, but cannot cross the sheets. Repulsive interactions between atoms in different layers lead to the existence of ordered phases called "stages", with stage $n$ consisting of one filled layer out of $n$, the others being empty. Such systems can be conveniently described by a multi-layer Cahn-Hilliard model, which can be seen as a mean-field approximation of a lattice-gas model with intra- and interlayer interactions between lithium atoms. In this paper, the dynamics of stage formation after a rapid quench to lower temperature is analyzed, both by a linear stability analysis and by numerical simulation of the full equations. In particular, the competition between stages 2 and 3 is studied in detail. The linear stability analysis predicts that stage 2 always grows the fastest, even in the composition range where stage 3 is the stable equilibrium state. This is borne out by the numerical simulations, which show that stage 3 emerges only during the non-linear coarsening of stage 2. Some consequences of this finding for the charge-discharge dynamics of electrodes in batteries are briefly discussed.
description: 15 pages, 8 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. E
A system to extract abbreviation-expansion pairs from biomedical literature
Creators: name: Bapat, Amol J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009
Subjects: Abbreviations
Abbreviations expansion pairs
Text mining

description: We present a system to identify abbreviation expansion pairs from scientific articles. We work with the Genomics track of the TREC collection. Authors report abbreviations in two places - an abbreviations section and within the body of a scientific article. Articles with an abbreviations section had fewer abbreviations than those that did not have an abbreviations section (an average of 7.1 versus 13.2 abbreviations per article). For articles that do have an abbreviations section, authors report 98.2% of the abbreviations present in the document in that section. Inspired by Schwartz & Hearst's earlier work our program identified 2.1 million abbreviations from 162,259 documents. A manual inspection of a randomly selected set of articles revealed that our system achieved 86.7% precision and 81.9% recall.
Adiabatic regularization of functional determinants in cosmology and radiative corrections during inflation
Creators: name: Kaya, Ali
name: Kutluk, Emine Seyma
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We express the in-in functional determinant giving the one-loop effective potential for a scalar field propagating in a cosmological spacetime in terms of the mode functions specifying the vacuum of the theory and then apply adiabatic regularization to make this bare potential finite. In this setup, the adiabatic regularization offers a particular renormalization prescription that isolates the effects of the cosmic expansion. We apply our findings to determine the radiative corrections to the classical inflaton potentials in scalar field inflationary models and also we derive an effective potential for the superhorizon curvature perturbation ζ encoding its scatterings with the subhorizon modes. Although the resulting modifications to the cosmological observables like nongaussianity turn out to be small, they distinctively appear after horizon crossing.
description: 21 pages, 1 figure, revtex4-1, v2: minor modifications, references added, to appear in Phys. Rev. D
Generalized Friis Transmission Formula Using Active Antenna Available Power and Unnamed Power Gain
Creators: name: Warnick, Karl F.
name: Broyde, Frederic
name: Jelinek, Lukas
name: Capek, Miloslav
name: Clavelier, Evelyne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We use the concept of active antenna available power to derive a generalization of the Friis transmission formula for multiport antenna systems. With beamformer weights chosen such that the array patterns are the same when transmitting and receiving, the active antenna available power at the receiving antenna divided by the input power at the transmitter is symmetric under link direction reversal in the near field as well as the far field. These results generalize the Friis transmission formula to beamformed multiport antenna systems in an arbitrary reciprocal propagation environment.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures
Deriving Dark Phenomena and Gravity from Entropy Horizons
Creators: name: Brown, Benjamin Reed
name: Anthropic AI Assistant
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Quantum Mechanics
Astrophysics
Physics
Nuclear Physics
Dark Matter
Dark Energy
Theoretical Physics

description: By starting from ontological first principles, this approach renews intuitive connections between environmentally induced decoherence and gravitational phenomena underpinning the hypothesis that cosmic acceleration, dark matter phenomena, dark energy and gravity emerge indirectly from intrinsic exponential quantum gravitational decay of all mass-energy across cosmic time. The quantum gravitational underpinning inducing gradual universal mass evaporation is hypothesized to originate from analogous Hawking radiation arising at the cosmic horizon boundary where recession velocities reach light speed.
A Case Study and Literature Review: How Effective IT Governance is the Key to Successful Enterprise Resource Planning Deployments
Creators: name: Fultineer, Charles
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015
Subjects: Information System Management
Information technology--Management
Information technology projects

description: Deploying an Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) solution is a complex and risk laden program of work that not every company is successful in delivering. In this study, the author (an IT leader at a large pharmaceutical company) presents a case study where he draws upon his experiences and learnings from leading two ERP implementations, as well as a literature review examining whether the author's hypothesis that IT Governance is the critical success factor in ERP deployments is supported amongst IT industry researchers, analysts, and strategists. The study goes was able show a strong correlation between companies who have strong IT Governance presence on ERP deployments and their ability to deliver the program of work successfully.
Depth-Optimal Addressing of 2D Qubit Array with 1D Controls Based on Exact Binary Matrix Factorization
Creators: name: Tan, Daniel Bochen
name: Ping, Shuohao
name: Cong, Jason
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Emerging Technologies (cs.ET)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Reducing control complexity is essential for achieving large-scale quantum computing. However, reducing control knobs may compromise the ability to independently address each qubit. Recent progress in neutral atom-based platforms suggests that rectangular (row-column) addressing may strike a balance between control granularity and flexibility for 2D qubit arrays. This scheme allows addressing qubits on the intersections of a set of rows and columns each time. While quadratically reducing controls, it may necessitate more depth. We formulate the depth-optimal rectangular addressing problem as exact binary matrix factorization, an NP-hard problem also appearing in communication complexity and combinatorial optimization. We introduce a satisfiability modulo theories-based solver for this problem, and a heuristic, row packing, performing close to the optimal solver on various benchmarks. Furthermore, we discuss rectangular addressing in the context of fault-tolerant quantum computing, leveraging a natural two-level structure.
Additional file 1 of Experience of learning from everyday work in daily safety huddles—a multi-method study
Creators: name: Wahl, Karina
name: Stenmarker, Margaretha
name: Ros, Axel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 1. PDSA Green line 2018. The first PDSA-circle described in the improvement work.
The Current State of Management Preparation, Training, and Development among Middle Manager Librarians in Academic Libraries
Creators: name: Rooney, Michael P.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009
Subjects: Administration--Teaching
Surveys--Education for librarianship
Library management
Surveys--College and university libraries
College and university librarians--Education

description: This study examined the amount of management experience, development, preparation, and training possessed by middle managers in academic libraries. Previous studies and reports have pointed out that librarians often take on middle management roles without extensive preparation and training to perform management duties and without much previous experience performing management duties. This study found there has been some improvement in the preparation and training of academic librarians to handle management duties over the past couple of decades. Presently, most middle managers in academic libraries have had at least some prior experience performing management duties before becoming middle managers. Additionally, most academic library middle managers participate in management training prior to and during their jobs as middle managers. However, the study also found room for improvement in some areas of management preparation and training within the academic librarian profession.
Filament formation in wind-cloud interactions. I. Spherical clouds in uniform magnetic fields
Creators: name: Banda-Barragán, Wladimir
name: Parkin, Ross
name: Federrath, Christoph
name: Crocker, Roland
name: Bicknell, Geoffrey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Filamentary structures are ubiquitous in the interstellar medium, yet their formation, internal structure, and longevity have not been studied in detail. We report the results from a comprehensive numerical study that investigates the characteristics, formation, and evolution of filaments arising from magnetohydrodynamic interactions between supersonic winds and dense clouds. Here we improve on previous simulations by utilising sharper density contrasts and higher numerical resolutions. By following multiple density tracers, we find that material in the envelopes of the clouds is removed and deposited downstream to form filamentary tails, while the cores of the clouds serve as footpoints and late-stage outer layers of these tails. Aspect ratios >12, subsonic velocity dispersions ~0.1-0.3 of the wind sound speed, and magnetic field amplifications ~100 are found to be characteristic of these filaments. We also report the effects of different magnetic field strengths and orientations. The magnetic field strength regulates vorticity production: sinuous filamentary towers arise in non-magnetic environments, while strong magnetic fields inhibit small-scale perturbations at boundary layers making tails less turbulent. Magnetic field components aligned with the direction of the flow favour the formation of pressure-confined flux ropes inside the tails, whilst transverse components tend to form current sheets. Softening the equation of state to nearly isothermal leads to suppression of dynamical instabilities and further collimation of the tail. Towards the final stages of the evolution, we find that small cloudlets and distorted filaments survive the break-up of the clouds and become entrained in the winds, reaching velocities ~0.1 of the wind speed.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS, 27 pages, 15 figures
Tensor product algorithms for inference of contact network from epidemiological data
Creators: name: Dolgov, Sergey
name: Savostyanov, Dmitry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 15A69, 34A30, 37N25, 60J28, 62F15, 65F55, 90B15, 95C42

description: We consider a problem of inferring contact network from nodal states observed during an epidemiological process. In a black--box Bayesian optimisation framework this problem reduces to a discrete likelihood optimisation over the set of possible networks. The cardinality of this set grows combinatorially with the number of network nodes, which makes this optimisation computationally challenging. For each network, its likelihood is the probability for the observed data to appear during the evolution of the epidemiological process on this network. This probability can be very small, particularly if the network is significantly different from the ground truth network, from which the observed data actually appear. A commonly used stochastic simulation algorithm struggles to recover rare events and hence to estimate small probabilities and likelihoods. In this paper we replace the stochastic simulation with solving the chemical master equation for the probabilities of all network states. Since this equation also suffers from the curse of dimensionality, we apply tensor train approximations to overcome it and enable fast and accurate computations. Numerical simulations demonstrate efficient black--box Bayesian inference of the network.
Data citation in data sharing articles: Do authors reference their own data?
Creators: name: Clary, Erin
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013
Subjects: Data access
Metadata standards
Data citation

description: Standards in data citation are under development. This study assesses how authors cite shared data. A content analysis of 338 articles associated with data in Dryad repository was undertaken to determine if and how authors cite shared data. The author guidelines of 37 journals were also analyzed to determine if journals provide instruction on how to cite shared data. The majority of articles (n=261, 77.22%) did reference shared data. Repository name and DOI (n=254, 75.15%) were the most commonly used metadata elements, and the citations were most often placed in a dedicated data section (n=133, 39.35%). 24 (64.86%) journals did provide instruction on how to structure a reference to shared data. Further work to develop and enforce data citation standards for shared data may be necessary to ensure that data creators and data managers receive due credit and that data are properly indexed and discoverable.
LHC probes of TeV-scale scalars in $\mathrm{SO}(10)$ grand unification
Creators: name: Aydemir, Ufuk
name: Mandal, Tanumoy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the possibility of TeV-scale scalars as low energy remnants arising in the non-supersymmetric $\mathrm{SO}(10)$ grand unification framework where the field content is minimal. We consider a scenario where the $\mathrm{SO}(10)$ gauge symmetry is broken into the gauge symmetry of the Standard Model (SM) through multiple stages of symmetry breaking, and a colored and hypercharged scalar $χ$ picks a TeV-scale mass in the process. The last stage of the symmetry breaking occurs at the TeV scale where the left-right symmetry, i.e. $\mathrm{SU}(2)_L\otimes \mathrm{SU}(2)_R\otimes \mathrm{U}(1)_{B-L}\otimes \mathrm{SU}(3)_C$, is broken into that of the SM by a singlet scalar field $\mathcal{S}$ of mass $M_{\mathcal{S}}\sim 1$ TeV, which is a component of an $\mathrm{SU}(2)_R$-triplet scalar field, acquiring a TeV-scale vacuum expectation value. For the LHC phenomenology, we consider a scenario where $\mathcal{S}$ is produced via gluon-gluon fusion through loop interactions with $χ$ and also decays to a pair of SM gauge bosons through $χ$ in the loop. We find that the parameter space is heavily constrained from the latest LHC data. We use a multivariate analysis to estimate the LHC discovery reach of $\mathcal{S}$ into the diphoton channel.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures, 2 tables. Improved draft by adding new figures and discussions. Accepted version in Advances in High Energy Physics
National Poll, June. 1987
Creators: name: ABC News
name: Washington Post
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 1987

description: Reagan's job performance(4); trust in Reagan(3); leadership role of Reagan vs. Congress(4); federal budget deficit(11); government spending (7); Iran-Contra affair(6); important issues affecting choice of 1988 presidential candidates(17); desirable characteristics of presidential candidates(15); U.S. military presence in the Persian Gulf(10).
Exact solutions for a coherent phenomenon of condensation in conservative Hamiltonian systems
Creators: name: Biasi, Anxo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: While it is known that Hamiltonian systems may undergo a phenomenon of condensation akin to Bose-Einstein condensation, not all the manifestations of this phenomenon have been uncovered yet. In this work we present a novel form of condensation in conservative Hamiltonian systems that stands out due to its evolution through highly coherent states. The result is based on a deterministic approach to obtain exact explicit solutions representing the dynamical formation of condensates in finite time. We reveal a dual-cascade behavior during the process, featuring inverse and direct transfer of conserved quantities across the spectrum. The direct cascade yields the excitation of arbitrarily high modes in finite time, being associated with the formation of a small-scale coherent structure. We provide a fully analytic description of the processes involved.
description: Accepted for publication in Physical Review E: https://journals.aps.org/pre/accepted/4f078Y70Cdc1377c77608af6e3ce4da2e4ce56b8d
Additional file 2 of Experience of learning from everyday work in daily safety huddles—a multi-method study
Creators: name: Wahl, Karina
name: Stenmarker, Margaretha
name: Ros, Axel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 2. Questionnaire. Contains the cross-questions and open-ended question used in the questionnaires in the study.
Is Optical Optimal? Visualizing Document Sets to Facilitate Efficient Selection of Relevant Items
Creators: name: Campbell, Caren W.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012
Subjects: Graphical user interfaces
Information visualization
Human-computer interaction

description: The visual representation of a cluster of similar text documents is typically accomplished  with interactive information visualizations, yet some benefit can be derived even from  static diagrams of the document collections. This study examines the comparative  efficacy of text and diagram presentation formats for representing such collections, and  attempts to determine the degree to which the format of an interface can affect users'  ability to select relevant information being provided there. The hypothesis under  examination holds that adults locate relevant documents more efficiently from a node-link  diagram of the document set than from a textual list with the commonly used title-and-  snippet format. Empirical data from a 40-person user study does not provide  statistically significant support for the hypothesis; literature on similar studies helps to  contextualize and explain this outcome, and directions for future study are suggested.
Mental Health promotion programmes in academia
Creators: name: Abraham, Veena
Publisher: name: OSF Registries
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Public Health Education and Promotion
subject: Psychiatric and Mental Health
subject: Public Health
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Mental and Social Health
subject: Health promotion
subject: Mental health
subject: higher education

description: Development of a mental health promotion programme at a tertiary institution in South Africa
Additional file 3 of Experience of learning from everyday work in daily safety huddles—a multi-method study
Creators: name: Wahl, Karina
name: Stenmarker, Margaretha
name: Ros, Axel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 3. Invitation to participate in study in web survey. Invitation to participate with information regarding the questionnaire web survey.
NBC/WSJ Poll # 2005-6055: Politics/Energy/Terrorism/Supreme Court/Social Security/Iraq/China
Creators: name: NBC News
name: Wall Street Journal
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2007

description: Direction of the country (1); George W. Bush job performance (5); Congress job performance (2); most concerning personal issues (1); feelings towards public figures/organizations (7); 2006 Congressional election (2); top priorities for federal government to address (2); favor/oppose proposal to solve energy problems (3); rating of qualities of George W. Bush (9); terrorist attacks (2); Supreme Court (7); possible actions of President Bush in naming a new Supreme Court Justice (10); most interesting Supreme Court issues (1); Roe vs. Wade (1); Social Security (4); war in Iraq (10); threat of terrorism (1); U.S.-Chinese relations (3); approve/disapprove of American companies buying foreign companies (1); favor/oppose Chinese company buying of Unocal (1); vote in 2004 Presidential election (1).
Extended Inclusive Fitness Theory bridges Economics and Biology through a common understanding of Social Synergy
Creators: name: Jaffe, Klaus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Inclusive Fitness Theory (IFT) was proposed half a century ago by W.D. Hamilton to explain the emergence and maintenance of cooperation between individuals that allows the existence of society. Contemporary evolutionary ecology identified several factors that increase inclusive fitness, in addition to kin-selection, such as assortation or homophily, and social synergies triggered by cooperation. Here we propose an Extend Inclusive Fitness Theory (EIFT) that includes in the fitness calculation all direct and indirect benefits an agent obtains by its own actions, and through interactions with kin and with genetically unrelated individuals. This formulation focuses on the sustainable cost/benefit threshold ratio of cooperation and on the probability of agents sharing mutually compatible memes or genes. This broader description of the nature of social dynamics allows to compare the evolution of cooperation among kin and non-kin, intra- and inter-specific cooperation, co-evolution, the emergence of symbioses, of social synergies, and the emergence of division of labor. EIFT promotes interdisciplinary cross fertilization of ideas by allowing to describe the role for division of labor in the emergence of social synergies, providing an integrated framework for the study of both, biological evolution of social behavior and economic market dynamics.
description: Bioeconomics, Synergy, Complexity
MPEC 2023-F147 : 2023 FF4
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 FF4

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Theory of intrinsic acoustic plasmons in twisted bilayer graphene
Creators: name: Cavicchi, Lorenzo
name: Torre, Iacopo
name: Jarillo-Herrero, Pablo
name: Koppens, Frank H. L.
name: Polini, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a theoretical study of the intrinsic plasmonic properties of twisted bilayer graphene (TBG) as a function of the twist angle $θ$ (and other microscopic parameters such as temperature and filling factor). Our calculations, which rely on the random phase approximation, take into account four crucially important effects, which are treated on equal footing: i) the layer-pseudospin degree of freedom, ii) spatial non-locality of the density-density response function, iii) crystalline local field effects, and iv) Hartree self-consistency. We show that the plasmonic spectrum of TBG displays a smooth transition from a strongly-coupled regime (at twist angles $θ\lesssim 2^{\circ}$), where the low-energy spectrum is dominated by a weakly dispersive intra-band plasmon, to a weakly-coupled regime (for twist angles $θ\gtrsim 2^{\circ}$) where an acoustic plasmon clearly emerges. This crossover offers the possibility of realizing tunable mid-infrared sub-wavelength cavities, whose vacuum fluctuations may be used to manipulate the ground state of strongly correlated electron systems.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures + Supplemental Material
Exceptional points and quantum phase transition in a fermionic extension of the Swanson oscillator
Creators: name: Sinha, Akash
name: Ghosh, Aritra
name: Bagchi, Bijan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by the structure of the Swanson oscillator which is a well-known example of a non-Hermitian quantum system consisting of a general representation of a quadratic Hamiltonian, we propose a fermionic extension of such a scheme which incorporates two fermionic oscillators together with bilinear-coupling terms that do not conserve particle number. We determine the eigenvalues and eigenvectors, and expose the appearance of exceptional points where two of the eigenstates coalesce with the corresponding eigenvectors exhibiting self-orthogonality with respect to the bi-orthogonal inner product. The model admits a quantum phase transition - we discuss the two phases and also demonstrate that the ground-state entanglement entropy exhibits a discontinuous jump indicating the transition between the two phases.
description: v1: Comments are welcome; v2: This version contains some new calculations and corrects some errors from the older version; v3: Substantially revised and to appear in Physica Scripta
Cold-Water Immersion: Optimising Improved Well-Being Through Targeted Prescription. A Scoping Review
Creators: name: Furness, James
name: Kemp-Smith, Kevin
name: Robell Mekonen
name: Wahl, Max
name: Ono, Matthew
Publisher: name: OSF Registries
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Rehabilitation and Therapy
subject: Mental and Social Health
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Alternative Therapy
subject: Cold-Water Immersion
subject: Experiences
subject: Mental Health
subject: Optimal Parameters
subject: Well-Being

description: This is a scoping review which was conducted with the aim of investigating the the current evidence relevant to CWI and its effects on wellbeing in healthy population. This investigation will highlight the qualitative impacts of CWI to develop an overall impression of the benefits CWI has on wellbeing. This review will also aim to provide an insight on what the current published literature have detailed as optimal parameters related to mode of immersion, temperature, frequency, and duration.
Non-perpetual Eternal Inflation and the Emergent de Sitter Swampland Conjecture
Creators: name: Guleryuz, Omer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a novel correlation, $n_s$ - $ΔN$, connecting CMB parameters to the required total e-folds for eternal inflation. This correlation provides a robust tool for evaluating eternal (string) inflation models using CMB data and explores the impact of quantum fluctuations on non-attractor phases. By generalizing eternal inflation criteria, our parameterization simplifies rigorous testing of predictions and reveals a link between refined de Sitter conjecture parameters and the eternal nature of the cosmic landscape. This points to a general tendency towards eternal behavior in low-energy effective field theories within the landscape, opening the possibility for our cosmic stage to potentially embrace a 'multiverse' scenario.
description: 8 pages, 1 figure. v3: Major Revised