cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Organizing R&D Consortia for Path Creation and Extension: The Case of Semiconductor Manufacturing Technologies
Creators: name: Sydow, Jörg
name: Windeler, Arnold
name: Schubert, Cornelius
name: Möllering, Guido
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften
subject: 330 Wirtschaft
subject: 650 Management und unterstützende Tätigkeiten
subject: innovation
subject: organizational fields
subject: path creation
subject: path dependence
subject: R&D consortia
subject: semiconductor industry
subject: structuration

description: Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich.
description: This publication is with permission of the rights owner freely accessible due to an Alliance licence and a national licence (funded by the DFG, German Research Foundation) respectively.
description: Taking issue with the classical theory of path dependence, we capture the active agency involved in collective efforts aimed at extending a current technological path and, in parallel, at creating a new path in the field of leading-edge international semiconductor manufacturing. We apply structuration theory in order to analyse the practices of path constitution that traditional evolutionary views of lock-in and irreversibility in path processes have neglected. Drawing on 96 interviews since 2003 and extensive secondary sources in the field of semiconductor manufacturing in Europe, Japan and the United States, we perform a qualitative, longitudinal and multi-level case analysis; in this analysis we trace, in particular, the strategic development of a path-extending technological option besides a potentially path-breaking new generation of lithography for chip manufacturing systems. Our results provide deep insights into the collective and collaborative dimension of organizing R&D in processes of technology development. Thereby, we contribute to a theory of technological paths that considers collective embedded agency and takes into account interorganizational forms for an understanding of the innovation dynamics in science-based industries such as semiconductor manufacturing.
Improving Depression Among HIV-Infected Adults: Transporting the Effect of a Depression Treatment Intervention to Routine Care
Creators: name: Bengtson, Angela M.
name: Pence, Brian W.
name: Crane, Heidi M.
name: O'donnell, Julie K.
name: Moore, Richard D.
name: Mugavero, Michael J.
name: Quinlivan, E. Byrd
name: Gaynes, Bradley N.
name: O'cleirigh, Conall
name: Westreich, Daniel
name: Christopoulos, Katerina
name: Mimiaga, Matthew J.
name: Heine, Amy D.
name: Mathews, W. Christopher
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Depression affects 20-30% of people with HIV. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have demonstrated the effectiveness of interventions to improve depression among HIV-infected adults, but typically have highly selected populations which may limit generalizability. Inverse probability of sampling weights (IPSW) are a recently proposed method to transport (or standardize) findings from RCTs to a specific external target population.
Tunable Quantum Optical Devices: Plasmonic Energy Generators and Lasers
Creators: name: PATHIRANAGE, SACHINTHANA PRABHASHINI YATAMALAGALA
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Physical chemistry not elsewhere classified
Lasers and quantum electronics
Photonic and electro-optical devices, sensors and systems (excl. communications)
Nanomaterials
Foundations of quantum mechanics
Nanobiotechnology
Nanophotonics
Quantum optics and quantum optomechanics
Nanoscale characterisation
Composite and hybrid materials

description: Light matter interaction in the nanoscale has proven to be a promising candidate in a plethora of research areas of interest such as electronics, bio-imaging and informatics, computing, communication and so on. This can be facilitated by means of Surface Plasmon Polaritons formed during such interactions as sources of amplified and stored energy within state-of-the-art plasmonic generators and amplifiers. In this regard, designs based on graphene have attracted a huge interest due to its exceptional materialistic properties that makes it an ideal competitor for metals. This thesis presents a theoretical analysis of an all-Carbon novel plasmonic resonator and laser design.
The instanton method and its numerical implementation in fluid mechanics
Creators: name: Grafke, Tobias
name: Grauer, Rainer
name: Schäfer, Tobias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A precise characterization of structures occurring in turbulent fluid flows at high Reynolds numbers is one of the last open problems of classical physics. In this review we discuss recent developments related to the application of instanton methods to turbulence. Instantons are saddle point configurations of the underlying path integrals. They are equivalent to minimizers of the related Freidlin-Wentzell action and known to be able to characterize rare events in such systems. While there is an impressive body of work concerning their analytical description, this review focuses on the question on how to compute these minimizers numerically. In a short introduction we present the relevant mathematical and physical background before we discuss the stochastic Burgers equation in detail. We present algorithms to compute instantons numerically by an efficient solution of the corresponding Euler-Lagrange equations. A second focus is the discussion of a recently developed numerical filtering technique that allows to extract instantons from direct numerical simulations. In the following we present modifications of the algorithms to make them efficient when applied to two- or three-dimensional fluid dynamical problems. We illustrate these ideas using the two-dimensional Burgers equation and the three-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations.
Monitoring of slowly progressing deterioration of computer numerical control machine axes
Creators: name: Uhlmann, Eckart
name: Geisert, C.
name: Hohwieler, E.
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: 620 Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten
subject: condition monitoring
subject: availability
subject: maintenance
subject: wear and tear
subject: feed axes
subject: life-cycle

description: Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich.
description: This publication is with permission of the rights owner freely accessible due to an Alliance licence and a national licence (funded by the DFG, German Research Foundation) respectively.
description: The feed axes of computer numerical control (CNC) grinding machine tools are among the most mechanically stressed components of machine tools owing to the high process forces and rough manufacturing environment which they encounter. The resulting wear and tear depends strongly on the product range and the manner of machine operation. To counteract a functional deficiency of these central machine units, the current usual approach is preventive maintenance. The manual inspection of feed axes is complex and time consuming. A complicating matter is that the deterioration normally progresses very slowly and depends on the position of the stress along the axis. Existing approaches to automated estimation of the ‘health status’ of feed axes do not take this factor into account. This paper presents a procedure that addresses this gap. During simple test routines, the drive current, axis position, and feed rate are recorded. With the help of additional machine data, characteristic values are computed directly at the computer of the human—machine interface (HMI). The results are then transferred to and stored on a database server at the machine manufacturer. This approach enables the service technician to trace the progression of the axes’ ‘health status’ over a long time. This approach makes it possible to detect trends in the characteristic values at an early point in time. This leads to a better planning of necessary maintenance actions adapted to the remaining lifetime of the wearing component.
Incorporating Acute HIV Screening into Routine HIV Testing at Sexually Transmitted Infection Clinics, and HIV Testing and Counseling Centers in Lilongwe, Malawi
Creators: name: Pettifor, Audrey E.
name: Hoffman, Irving F.
name: Phiri, Sam
name: Powers, Kimberly A.
name: Tembo, Bisweck
name: Kamanga, Gift
name: Tegha, Gerald
name: Nsona, Dominic
name: Rosenberg, Nora E.
name: Chege, Wairimu
name: Hosseinipour, Mina C.
name: Pasquale, Dana
name: Phiri, McLeod
name: Rutstein, Sarah E.
name: Miller, William C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Background and Objectives:Integrating acute HIV-infection (AHI) testing into clinical settings is critical to prevent transmission, and realize potential treatment-as-prevention benefits. We evaluated acceptability of AHI testing and compared AHI prevalence at sexually transmitted infection (STI) clinics and HIV testing and counseling (HTC) clinics in Lilongwe, Malawi.Methods:We conducted HIV RNA testing for HIV-seronegative patients visiting STI and HTC clinics. AHI was defined as positive RNA and negative/discordant rapid antibody tests. We evaluated demographic, behavioral, and transmission-risk differences between STI and HTC patients and assessed performance of a risk-score for targeted screening.Results:Nearly two-thirds (62.8%, 9280/14,755) of eligible patients consented to AHI testing. We identified 59 persons with AHI (prevalence = 0.64%)–a 0.9% case-identification increase. Prevalence was higher at STI [1.03% (44/4255)] than at HTC clinics [0.3% (15/5025), P < 0.01], accounting for 2.3% of new diagnoses vs 0.3% at HTC clinic. Median viral load (VL) was 758,050 copies per milliliter; 25% (15/59) had VL ≥10,000,000 copies per milliliter. Median VL was higher at STI (1,000,000 copies/mL) compared with HTC (153,125 copies/mL, P = 0.2). Among persons with AHI, those tested at STI clinics were more likely to report genital sores compared with those tested at HTC clinics (54.6% vs 6.7%, P < 0.01). The risk score algorithm performed well in identifying persons with AHI at HTC clinics (sensitivity = 73%, specificity = 89%).Conclusions:The majority of patients consented to AHI testing. AHI prevalence was substantially higher in STI clinics than HTC clinics. Remarkably high VLs and concomitant genital scores demonstrate the potential for transmission. Universal AHI screening at STI clinics, and targeted screening at HTC centers, should be considered.
Supplementary document for Observation of RIN reduction via spectral broadening in NPR-based stretched pulse fiber laser - 6588146.pdf
Creators: name: Xu, Zishuo
name: Huang, Qianqian
name: Tian, Haochen
name: Huang, Zinan
name: lilong, dai
name: yan, quan
name: Song, Youjian
name: Mou, Chengbo
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: additional experimental results
Liver Fibrosis Linked to Cognitive Performance in HIV and Hepatitis C
Creators: name: Mack, Wendy J.
name: Golub, Elizabeth
name: Young, Mary A.
name: Levin, Susanna
name: Pierce, Christopher B.
name: Anastos, Kathryn
name: Valcour, Victor G.
name: Gustafson, Deborah
name: Crystal, Howard A.
name: Cohen, Mardge H.
name: Gange, Stephen
name: Tien, Phyllis C.
name: Adimora, Adaora A.
name: Levine, Alexandra
name: Aouizerat, Bradley
name: Minkoff, Howard
name: Obasi, Mary U.
name: Rubin, Leah H.
name: Peters, Marion G.
name: Nowicki, Marek
name: Greenblatt, Ruth
name: Maki, Pauline M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Since HIV impairs gut barriers to pathogens, HIV-infected adults may be vulnerable to Minimal Hepatic Encephalopathy (MHE) in the absence of cirrhosis.
Maternal and Breastmilk Viral Load: Impacts of Adherence on Peripartum HIV Infections Averted—The Breastfeeding, Antiretrovirals, and Nutrition Study
Creators: name: Kamwendo, Deborah D.
name: Hudgens, Michael G.
name: Stringer, Jeffrey S. A.
name: Jamieson, Denise J.
name: Tegha, Gerald
name: Van Der Horst, Charles
name: Fiscus, Susan A.
name: Miller, William C.
name: Nelson, Julie A. E.
name: Juliano, Jonathan J.
name: Sichali, Dorothy
name: Kayira, Dumbani
name: Rigdon, Joseph
name: Ellington, Sascha R.
name: Chasela, Charles S.
name: Kourtis, Athena P.
name: Davis, Nicole L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Antiretroviral interventions are used to reduce HIV viral replication and prevent mother-to-child transmission. Viral suppression relies on adherence to antiretrovirals.
Understanding the Socio-Cultural Determinants of Health-Seeking Behaviour and Health Information Trust Among Women At-Risk for Female Genital Schistosomiasis in Ghana
Creators: name: Patel, Kruti
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2022
Subjects: Global Health
Women's Health
Health-Seeking Behaviour
Neglected Tropical Diseases
Mixed Methods

description: Female genital schistosomiasis (FGS) is a chronic manifestation of schistosomiasis, a waterborne parasitic infection, and is estimated to impact 56 million women predominantly in Sub-Saharan Africa. Currently, there is scarce literature on FGS and related health-seeking behaviour (HSB) among at-risk women. The objective of this mixed-method study is to understand the socio-cultural determinants of HSB and the health information trust networks for women at-risk of FGS in Ghana. A cross-sectional survey and twelve focus group discussions (FGDs) were conducted in the North Tongu and Weija Districts of Ghana. A total of 863 cross-sectional surveys and 12 FGDs were administered in both districts. There was an overall lack of awareness of FGS among adult women (38.9%). Only 48.8% of women reported HSB from the 86 women who choose to talk about their FGS-related symptoms. HSB was significantly associated with monthly steady income (p-value: 0.036) and level of education (p-value: 0.15,0.27), when controlling for age group and source of trusted health information. Some of the determining themes for HSB included: environmental and systemic context, shared norms, and apprehensions. Active and passive health information-seeking behaviour also emerged through the FGDs. Taking a mixed-method approach allowed for the appraisal of both methodologies and provided validity to the results. The lack of awareness of FGS indicates the need for tailored health information campaigns in endemic communities. More research is required on the FGS diagnostic and treatment capabilities of health facilities to understand their impact on HSB of women. This investigation finds that social, environmental, and cultural determinants are involved in the HSB of women at-risk for FGS, in North Tongu and Weija.
Muon polarization in the MEG experiment: predictions and measurements
Creators: name: Baldini, A. M.
name: Bao, Y.
name: Baracchini, E.
name: Bemporad, C.
name: Berg, F.
name: Biasotti, M.
name: Boca, G.
name: Cattaneo, P. W.
name: Cavoto, G.
name: Cei, F.
name: Chiarello, G.
name: Chiri, C.
name: De Bari, A.
name: De Gerone, M.
name: DÓnofrio, A.
name: Dussoni, S.
name: Fujii, Y.
name: Galli, L.
name: Gatti, F.
name: Grancagnolo, F.
name: Grassi, M.
name: Graziosi, A.
name: Grigoriev, D. N.
name: Haruyama, T.
name: Hildebrandt, M.
name: Hodge, Z.
name: Ieki, K.
name: Ignatov, F.
name: Iwamoto, T.
name: Kaneko, D.
name: Kang, T. I.
name: Kettle, P. R.
name: Khazin, B. I.
name: Khomutov, N.
name: Korenchenko, A.
name: Kravchuk, N.
name: Lim, G. M. A.
name: Mihara, S.
name: Molzon, W.
name: Mori, T.
name: Mtchedlishvili, A.
name: Nakaura, S.
name: Nicolò, D.
name: Nishiguchi, H.
name: Nishimura, M.
name: Ogawa, S.
name: Ootani, W.
name: Panareo, M.
name: Papa, A.
name: Pepino, A.
name: Piredda, G.
name: Pizzigoni, G.
name: Popov, A.
name: Renga, F.
name: Ripiccini, E.
name: Ritt, S.
name: Rossella, M.
name: Rutar, G.
name: Sawada, R.
name: Sergiampietri, F.
name: Signorelli, G.
name: Tassielli, G.
name: Tenchini, F.
name: Uchiyama, Y.
name: Venturini, M.
name: Voena, C.
name: Yamamoto, A.
name: Yoshida, K.
name: You, Z.
name: Yudin, Y. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The MEG experiment makes use of one of the world's most intense low energy muon beams, in order to search for the lepton flavour violating process $μ^{+} \rightarrow {\rm e}^{+} γ$. We determined the residual beam polarization at the thin stopping target, by measuring the asymmetry of the angular distribution of Michel decay positrons as a function of energy. The initial muon beam polarization at the production is predicted to be $P_μ = -1$ by the Standard Model (SM) with massless neutrinos. We estimated our residual muon polarization to be $P_μ = -0.85 \pm 0.03 ~ {\rm (stat)} ~ { }^{+ 0.04}_{-0.05} ~ {\rm (syst)}$ at the stopping target, which is consistent with the SM predictions when the depolarizing effects occurring during the muon production, propagation and moderation in the target are taken into account. The knowledge of beam polarization is of fundamental importance in order to model the background of our ${\megsign}$ search induced by the muon radiative decay: $μ^{+} \rightarrow {\rm e}^{+} \barν_μ ν_{\rm e} γ$.
Die Erfindung des Buchdrucks als Gegenstand frühneuzeitlicher Heurematakataloge : Marcantonio Sabellico und Polidoro Vergilio auf den Spuren von Plinius d.Ä.
Creators: name: Wolkenhauer, Anja
Publisher: name: Universität Tübingen
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Buchdruck
subject: 800

description: Zweitveröffentlichung
description: Zweitveröffentlichung
Mechanisms for the Negative Effects of Internalized HIV-Related Stigma on Antiretroviral Therapy Adherence in Women: The Mediating Roles of Social Isolation and Depression
Creators: name: Merenstein, Daniel
name: Turan, Bulent
name: Smith, Whitney
name: Foster, Antonina G.
name: Turan, Janet M.
name: Tien, Phyllis C.
name: Weiser, Sheri D.
name: Wilson, Tracey E.
name: Cohen, Mardge H.
name: Adimora, Adaora A.
name: Wentz, Eryka L.
name: Metsch, Lisa
name: Adedimeji, Adebola
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Internalization of HIV-related stigma may inhibit a person's ability to manage HIV disease through adherence to treatment regimens. Studies, mainly with white men, have suggested an association between internalized stigma and suboptimal adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART). However, there is a scarcity of research with women of different racial/ethnic backgrounds and on mediating mechanisms in the association between internalized stigma and ART adherence.
Point-of-Care Virologic Testing to Improve Outcomes of HIV-Infected Children in Zambia: A Clinical Trial Protocol
Creators: name: Ford, Catherine E.
name: Stringer, Jeffrey S. A.
name: Mollan, Katie R.
name: Chibwesha, Carla J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: In the absence of early infant diagnosis (EID) and immediate antiretroviral therapy (ART), some 50% of untreated HIV-infected infants die before age 2. Conventional EID requires sophisticated instruments that are typically placed in centralized or reference laboratories. In low-resource settings, centralized systems often lead to result turnaround times of several months, long delays in diagnosis, and adverse outcomes for HIV-infected children. Our clinical trial tests the effectiveness of a new point-of-care (POC) diagnostic technology to identify HIV-infected infants and start providing them life-saving ART as soon as possible.
MPEC 2023-T140 : 2023 TV4
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 TV4

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
[Book review:] Hermans, Hubert J. M. & Hermans-Jansen, Els, Self-narratives: The construction of meaning in psychotherapy (New York: Guilford, 1995)
Creators: name: Valsiner, Jaan
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: 150 Psychologie
subject: book review
subject: meaning
subject: psychotherapy
subject: valuation theory
subject: self-valuation process
subject: cultural psychology

description: Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich.
description: This publication is with permission of the rights owner freely accessible due to an Alliance licence and a national licence (funded by the DFG, German Research Foundation) respectively.
Poorly Controlled HIV Infection: An Independent Risk Factor for Liver Fibrosis
Creators: name: Cachay, Edward R.
name: Delaney, Joseph C.
name: Moore, Richard D.
name: Kitahata, Mari M.
name: Kim, H. Nina
name: Saag, Michael
name: Nance, Robin
name: Van Rompaey, Stephen
name: Eron, Joseph J.
name: Boswell, Stephen L.
name: Geng, Elvin
name: Rodriguez, Benigno
name: Crane, Heidi M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Liver disease is a major cause of mortality among HIV-infected persons. There is limited information about the extent to which HIV disease severity impacts liver disease progression.
Aportes a la legislación Municipal, Congresos locales de cara a la Reforma del artículo 115 Constitucional
Creators: name: Rodriguez Valadez, Juan Manuel
Publisher: name: DE IURE
Year: 2023

description: Los Congresos locales de las entidades federativas, han legislado de manera diversa la cuestión municipal, reflejando las posturas ideológicas y jurídicas sobre el municipio; así como las formas de gobierno y participación ciudadana. Constitución, Municipio, Ayuntamiento, soberanía local, participación ciudadana, Congreso del Estado, reformas, adiciones y reglamentación municipal
description: DE IURE, Vol. 5 Núm. 2 (2023): Volumen 5, Numero 2, Quinto año junio 2023
Process Evaluation of a Sport-Based Voluntary Medical Male Circumcision Demand-Creation Intervention in Bulawayo, Zimbabwe
Creators: name: Kombandeya, Thandanani
name: Harrison, Abigail
name: Chaibva, Cynthia
name: DeCelles, Jeff
name: Gannett, Katherine R.
name: Kaufman, Zachary A.
name: Ross, David A.
name: Hershow, Rebecca B.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Grassroot Soccer (GRS) developed 2 brief and scalable voluntary medical male circumcision (VMMC) promotion interventions for males in Bulawayo, Zimbabwe, consisting of a 60-minute interactive, soccer-themed educational session with follow-up behavioral and logistical reinforcement. Both interventions were led by circumcised male community leaders (“coaches”) ages 18–30. “Make The Cut” (MTC) targeted adult males on soccer teams and “Make The Cut+” targeted boys in secondary schools. We conducted a process evaluation of MTC and Make The Cut+ to investigate perceptions of program impact, intervention components, and program delivery; participants' understandings of intervention content; and factors related to uptake.
SM. Intrapopulation variarion coral heat tolerance.docx from Within-population variability in coral heat tolerance indicates climate adaptation potential
Creators: name: Humanes, Adriana
name: Lachs, Liam
name: Beauchamp, Elizabeth A.
name: Bythell, John C.
name: Edwards, Alasdair J.
name: Golbuu, Yimnang
name: Martinez, Helios M.
name: Palmowski, Paweł
name: Treumann, Achim
name: van der Steeg, Eveline
name: van Hooidonk, Ruben
name: Guest, James R.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology

description: Coral reefs are facing unprecedented mass bleaching and mortality events due to marine heatwaves and climate change. To avoid extirpation, corals must adapt. Individual variation in heat tolerance and its heritability underpin the potential for coral adaptation. However, the magnitude of heat tolerance variability within coral populations is largely unresolved. We address this knowledge gap by exposing corals from a single reef to an experimental marine heatwave. We found that double the heat stress dosage was required to induce bleaching in the most-tolerant 10%, compared to the least-tolerant 10% of the population. By the end of the heat stress exposure, all of the least-tolerant corals were dead, whereas the most-tolerant remained alive. To contextualize the scale of this result over the coming century, we show that under an ambitious future emissions scenario, such differences in coral heat tolerance thresholds equate to up to 17 years delay until the onset of annual bleaching and mortality conditions. However, this delay is limited to only 10 years under a high emissions scenario. Our results show substantial variability in coral heat tolerance which suggests scope for natural or assisted evolution to limit the impacts of climate change in the short-term. For coral reefs to persist through the coming century, coral adaptation must keep pace with ocean warming, and ambitious emissions reductions must be realized.
The mass distribution in an assembling super galaxy group at $z=0.37$
Creators: name: Smit, Merijn
name: Schrabback, Tim
name: Velander, Malin
name: Kuijken, Konrad
name: Gonzalez, Anthony H.
name: Moustakas, John
name: Tran, Kim-Vy H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a weak gravitational lensing analysis of supergroup SG1120$-$1202, consisting of four distinct X-ray-luminous groups, that will merge to form a cluster comparable in mass to Coma at $z=0$. These groups lie within a projected separation of 1 to 4 Mpc and within $Δv=550$ km s$^{-1}$ and form a unique protocluster to study the matter distribution in a coalescing system. Using high-resolution {\em HST}/ACS imaging, combined with an extensive spectroscopic and imaging data set, we study the weak gravitational distortion of background galaxy images by the matter distribution in the supergroup. We compare the reconstructed projected density field with the distribution of galaxies and hot X-ray emitting gas in the system and derive halo parameters for the individual density peaks. We show that the projected mass distribution closely follows the locations of the X-ray peaks and associated brightest group galaxies. One of the groups that lies at slightly lower redshift ($z\approx 0.35$) than the other three groups ($z\approx 0.37$) is X-ray luminous, but is barely detected in the gravitational lensing signal. The other three groups show a significant detection (up to $5 σ$ in mass), with velocity dispersions between $355^{+55}_{-70}$ and $530^{+45}_{-55}$ km s$^{-1}$ and masses between $0.8^{+0.4}_{-0.3} \times 10^{14}$ and $1.6^{+0.5}_{-0.4}\times 10^{14} h^{-1} M_{\odot}$, consistent with independent measurements. These groups are associated with peaks in the galaxy and gas density in a relatively straightforward manner. Since the groups show no visible signs of interaction, this supports the picture that we are catching the groups before they merge into a cluster.
description: 10 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication by Astronomy & Astrophysics
Crisis protests in Germany, Occupy Wall Street, and Mietshäuser Syndikat: Antinomies of current Marxist- and anarchist-inspired movements and their convergence
Creators: name: Vey, Judith
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 330 Wirtschaft
subject: anarchism
subject: anti-austerity protests
subject: crisis protests
subject: Gibson-Graham
subject: housing co-operation
subject: Marxism
subject: Mietshäuser Syndikat
subject: Occupy Wall Street

description: Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich.
description: This publication is with permission of the rights owner freely accessible due to an Alliance licence and a national licence (funded by the DFG, German Research Foundation) respectively.
description: The theoretical and practical narrowings and possibilities of the cross-fertilisation of current Marxist- and anarchist-inspired movements are the subject of this paper. The main arguments are illustrated by an analysis of the crisis protests in Germany in 2009-2010 and the Occupy Wall Street movement in the USA. The German apartment-house syndicate (‘Mietshäuser Syndikat’) functions as an example showing how the different strategies of the two political strands can be combined in practice.
The Effects of Providing Fixed Compensation and Lottery-Based Rewards on Uptake of Medical Male Circumcision in Kenya: A Randomized Trial
Creators: name: Agot, Kawango
name: Thirumurthy, Harsha
name: Rao, Samwel
name: Zivin, Joshua G.
name: Masters, Samuel H.
name: Prasad, Ram
name: Murray, Kate
name: Omanga, Eunice
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Effective demand creation strategies are needed to increase uptake of medical male circumcision and reduce new HIV infections in eastern and southern Africa. Building on insights from behavioral economics, we assessed whether providing compensation for opportunity costs of time or lottery-based rewards can increase male circumcision uptake in Kenya.
title: Supporting Attention Allocation in Multitask Environments
title: Effects of Likelihood Alarm Systems on Trust, Behavior, and Performance
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Wiczorek, Rebecca
name: Manzey, Dietrich
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften
subject: 610 Medizin und Gesundheit
subject: automation
subject: graded warnings
subject: decision support systems
subject: compliance
subject: trust
subject: safety
subject: signal detection theory

description: Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich.
description: This publication is with permission of the rights owner freely accessible due to an Alliance licence and a national licence (funded by the DFG, German Research Foundation) respectively.
description: Objective: The aim of the current study was to investigate potential benefits of likelihood alarm systems (LASs) over binary alarm systems (BASs) in a multitask environment. Background: Several problems are associated with the use of BASs, because most of them generate high numbers of false alarms. Operators lose trust in the systems and ignore alarms or cross-check all of them when other information is available. The first behavior harms safety, whereas the latter one reduces productivity. LASs represent an alternative, which is supposed to improve operators’ attention allocation. Method: We investigated LASs and BASs in a dual-task paradigm with and without the possibility to cross-check alerts with raw data information. Participants’ trust in the system, their behavior, and their performance in the alert and the concurrent task were assessed. Results: Reported trust, compliance with alarms, and performance in the alert and the concurrent task were higher for the LAS than for the BAS. The cross-check option led to an increase in alert task performance for both systems and a decrease in concurrent task performance for the BAS, which did not occur in the LAS condition. Conclusion: LASs improve participants’ attention allocation between two different tasks and therefore lead to an increase in alert task and concurrent task performance. The performance maximum is achieved when LAS is combined with a cross-check option for validating alerts with additional information. Application: The use of LASs instead of BASs in safety-related multitask environments has the potential to increase safety and productivity likewise.
SM. Intrapopulation variarion coral heat tolerance.docx from Within-population variability in coral heat tolerance indicates climate adaptation potential
Creators: name: Humanes, Adriana
name: Lachs, Liam
name: Beauchamp, Elizabeth A.
name: Bythell, John C.
name: Edwards, Alasdair J.
name: Golbuu, Yimnang
name: Martinez, Helios M.
name: Palmowski, Pawel
name: Treumann, Achim
name: van der Steeg, Eveline
name: van Hooidonk, Ruben
name: Guest, James R.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology

description: Coral reefs are facing unprecedented mass bleaching and mortality events due to marine heatwaves and climate change. To avoid extirpation, corals must adapt. Individual variation in heat tolerance and its heritability underpin the potential for coral adaptation. However, the magnitude of heat tolerance variability within coral populations is largely unresolved. We address this knowledge gap by exposing corals from a single reef to an experimental marine heatwave. We found that double the heat stress dosage was required to induce bleaching in the most-tolerant 10%, compared to the least-tolerant 10% of the population. By the end of the heat stress exposure, all of the least-tolerant corals were dead, whereas the most-tolerant remained alive. To contextualize the scale of this result over the coming century, we show that under an ambitious future emissions scenario, such differences in coral heat tolerance thresholds equate to up to 17 years delay until the onset of annual bleaching and mortality conditions. However, this delay is limited to only 10 years under a high emissions scenario. Our results show substantial variability in coral heat tolerance which suggests scope for natural or assisted evolution to limit the impacts of climate change in the short-term. For coral reefs to persist through the coming century, coral adaptation must keep pace with ocean warming, and ambitious emissions reductions must be realized.
Use of Economic Compensation to Increase Demand for Voluntary Medical Male Circumcision in Kenya: Qualitative Interviews With Male Participants in a Randomized Controlled Trial and Their Partners
Creators: name: Rao, Samwel
name: Omanga, Eunice
name: Agot, Kawango
name: Murray, Kate
name: Evens, Emily
name: Lanham, Michele
name: Thirumurthy, Harsha
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Interventions to increase demand for medical male circumcision are urgently needed in eastern and southern Africa. Following promising evidence that providing economic compensation can increase male circumcision uptake in Kenya, there is a need to understand the role of this intervention in individuals' decision-making regarding circumcision and explore perceptions of the intervention and concerns such as coercion.
Modified Newton-Raphson GRAPE methods for optimal control of spin systems
Creators: name: Goodwin, D. L.
name: Kuprov, Ilya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quadratic convergence throughout the active space is achieved for the gradient ascent pulse engineering (GRAPE) family of quantum optimal control algorithms. We demonstrate in this communication that the Hessian of the GRAPE fidelity functional is unusually cheap, having the same asymptotic complexity scaling as the functional itself. This leads to the possibility of using very efficient numerical optimization techniques. In particular, the Newton-Raphson method with a rational function optimization (RFO) regularized Hessian is shown in this work to require fewer system trajectory evaluations than any other algorithm in the GRAPE family. This communication describes algebraic and numerical implementation aspects (matrix exponential recycling, Hessian regularization, etc.) for the RFO Newton-Raphson version of GRAPE and reports benchmarks for common spin state control problems in magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
description: submitted for publication
Prevalence of Salmonella spp. contamination in hen egg and relationship among sociodemographic knowledge and behavior of the egg consumer in Bangkok, Thailand
Creators: name: Pollawat Sriruengsuk
Publisher: name: Chulalongkorn University Press
Year: 2018
Subjects: Salmonella
Egg
Consumption behavior
Consumption hygiene
Thailand

description: Journal of Health Research, 32, Suppl.1, S1
MPEC 2023-T141 : 2023 TW4
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 TW4

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
When to Monitor CD4 Cell Count and HIV RNA to Reduce Mortality and AIDS-Defining Illness in Virologically Suppressed HIV-Positive Persons on Antiretroviral Therapy in High-Income Countries: A Prospective Observational Study
Creators: name: Moore, Richard R.
name: Sterne, Jonathan A.
name: Del Amo, Julia
name: Justice, Amy C.
name: Hernán, Miguel A.
name: Abgrall, Sophie
name: Cain, Lauren E.
name: Moreno, Santiago
name: Ferrer, Elena
name: Logan, Roger
name: Mathews, William C.
name: Jose, Sophie
name: Van Sighem, Ard
name: Drozd, Daniel R.
name: Dabis, Francois
name: Egger, Matthias
name: Tate, Janet P.
name: Hernandez-DIaz, Sonia
name: Phillips, Andrew
name: Napravnik, Sonia
name: Olson, Ashley
name: Costagliola, Dominique
name: Touloumi, Giota
name: Bucher, Heiner C.
name: Sabin, Caroline
name: Saag, Michael
name: Muga, Roberto
name: Meyer, Laurence
name: Robins, James M.
name: Deeks, Steven G.
name: Seng, Remonie
name: Bonnet, Fabrice
name: Seage, George R.
name: Mugavero, Michael J.
name: Reiss, Peter
name: Eron, Joseph J.
name: Boswell, Stephen L.
name: Caniglia, Ellen C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: To illustrate an approach to compare CD4 cell count and HIV-RNA monitoring strategies in HIV-positive individuals on antiretroviral therapy (ART).
A splitting primal-dual proximity algorithm for solving composite optimization problems
Creators: name: Tang, Yu-Chao
name: Zhu, Chuan-Xi
name: Wen, Meng
name: Peng, Ji-Gen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 90C25, 65K10

description: Our work considers the optimization of the sum of a non-smooth convex function and a finite family of composite convex functions, each one of which is composed of a convex function and a bounded linear operator. This type of problem is associated with many interesting challenges encountered in the image restoration and image reconstruction fields. We developed a splitting primal-dual proximity algorithm to solve this problem. Further, we propose a preconditioned method, of which the iterative parameters are obtained without the need to know some particular operator norm in advance. Theoretical convergence theorems are presented. We then apply the proposed methods to solve a total variation regularization model, in which the L2 data error function is added to the L1 data error function. The main advantageous feature of this model is its capability to combine different loss functions. The numerical results obtained for computed tomography (CT) image reconstruction demonstrated the ability of the proposed algorithm to reconstruct an image with few and sparse projection views while maintaining the image quality.
description: 22 pages, 3 figures
Brief Report: Factors Associated With the Selection of Initial Antiretroviral Therapy From 2009 to 2012
Creators: name: Burkholder, Greer A.
name: Maiese, Eric M.
name: Westfall, Andrew O.
name: Saag, Michael S.
name: Kitahata, Mari
name: Drozd, Daniel R.
name: Mayer, Kenneth H.
name: Mathews, William C.
name: Cole, Stephen R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: We examined factors associated with selection of initial antiretroviral regimen in the CNICS cohort. Patients initiating antiretroviral therapy (ART) between July 2009 and Dec 2012 were classified as receiving an NNRTI, boosted-PI, or raltegravir-based regimen. Among 873 patients initiating ART, 488 regimens contained an NNRTI, 319 a boosted-PI, and 66 raltegravir. Patients with depression and women were less likely to receive an NNRTI, while those with underlying cardiovascular disease, liver disease, and those co-infected with hepatitis C were more likely to receive raltegravir. Those with baseline viral load > 100,000 c/ml and those with substance use were more likely to receive a boosted PI. Thus, in the ‘real world’ ARV regimen choices appear to take into account adverse effects and patient baseline characteristics. Factors that impact initial regimen selection will likely become more heterogeneous over time as more choices for HIV therapy become available.
Community Mobilization for HIV Testing Uptake: Results From a Community Randomized Trial of a Theory-Based Intervention in Rural South Africa
Creators: name: Pettifor, Audrey
name: Twine, Rhian
name: Neilands, Torsten B.
name: Kahn, Kathleen
name: Leslie, Hannah H.
name: Selin, Amanda
name: Lippman, Sheri A.
name: MacPhail, Catherine
name: Maman, Suzanne
name: Rebombo, Dumisani
name: Peacock, Dean
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: HIV testing uptake in South Africa is below optimal levels. Community mobilization (CM) may increase and sustain demand for HIV testing, however, little rigorous evidence exists regarding the effect of CM interventions on HIV testing and the mechanisms of action.
Focus Point Gauge Mediation with Incomplete Adjoint Messengers and Gauge Coupling Unification
Creators: name: Bhattacharyya, Gautam
name: Yanagida, Tsutomu T.
name: Yokozaki, Norimi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As the mass limits on supersymmetric particles are gradually pushed to higher values due to their continuing non-observation at the CERN LHC, looking for focus point regions in the supersymmetric parameter space, which shows considerably reduced fine-tuning, is increasingly more important than ever. We explore this in the context of gauge mediated supersymmetry breaking with messengers transforming in the adjoint representation of the gauge group, namely, octet of color SU(3) and triplet of weak SU(2). A distinctive feature of this scenario is that the focus point is achieved by fixing a single combination of parameters in the messenger sector, which is invariant under the renormalization group evolution. Because of this invariance, the focus point behavior is well under control once the relevant parameters are fixed by a more fundamental theory. The observed Higgs boson mass is explained with a relatively mild fine-tuning $Δ=$ 60-150. Interestingly, even in the presence of incomplete messenger multiplets of the SU(5) GUT group, the gauge couplings still unify perfectly, but at a scale which is one or two orders of magnitude above the conventional GUT scale. Because of this larger unification scale, the colored Higgs multiplets become too heavy to trigger proton decay at a rate larger than the experimentally allowed limit.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures, the version to be published
Gefälschte und supplementierte Lyrik : Überlegungen zur Publikations- und Wirkungsgeschichte von Horaz' carmina 1, 39 und 1, 40
Creators: name: Wolkenhauer, Anja
Publisher: name: Universität Tübingen
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Philologie
subject: 800

description: Zweitveröffentlichung
description: Zweitveröffentlichung
Influence of Hydrolytic and Chemical Treatment on the Mechanical Properties of Aramid and Copolyaramid Fibers
Creators: name: Springer, H.
name: Abu Obaid, A.
name: Prabawa, A.B.
name: Hinrichsen, G.
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: 660 Chemische Verfahrenstechnik
subject: 670 Industrielle Fertigung
subject: aramid fibers
subject: PPTA fibers
subject: copolyaramid fibers
subject: hydrolytic treatment
subject: chemical treatment

description: Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich.
description: This publication is with permission of the rights owner freely accessible due to an Alliance licence and a national licence (funded by the DFG, German Research Foundation) respectively.
description: Commercial PPTA fibers ( Kevlar 49® and Twaron 1055®) and copolyaramid fibers (Trevar®) are subjected to various hydrolytic and chemical treatments. Tensile mod ulus, tensile strength, and elongation at break are measured, and mechanical property deterioration is compared. Copolyaramid fibers show improved hydrolytic stability and chemical resistance compared to PPTA fibers. The time dependence of degradation pro cesses can be described by two decreasing exponential functions. WAXS measurements detect only slight differences in the crystalline structure and superstructure of the treated fibers. Thus, the main origin of mechanical degradation is the destruction of intercrys talline links such as tie molecules or tie crystallites.
Conditional Cash Transfers Improve Retention in PMTCT Services by Mitigating the Negative Effect of Not Having Money to Come to the Clinic
Creators: name: Thirumurthy, Harsha
name: Edmonds, Andrew
name: Okitolonda, Emile W.
name: Kawende, Bienvenu
name: Tabala, Martine
name: Behets, Frieda
name: Yotebieng, Marcel
name: Moracco, Kathryn E.
name: Wenzi, Landry K.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: To elucidate the mechanisms by which a cash incentive intervention increases retention in prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) services.
A Learning-Based 3D EIT Image Reconstruction Method
Creators: name: Yi, Zhaoguang
name: Chen, Zhou
name: Yang, Yunjie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Deep learning has been widely employed to solve the Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT) image reconstruction problem. Most existing physical model-based and learning-based approaches focus on 2D EIT image reconstruction. However, when they are directly extended to the 3D domain, the reconstruction performance in terms of image quality and noise robustness is hardly guaranteed mainly due to the significant increase in dimensionality. This paper presents a learning-based approach for 3D EIT image reconstruction, which is named Transposed convolution with Neurons Network (TN-Net). Simulation and experimental results show the superior performance and generalization ability of TN-Net compared with prevailing 3D EIT image reconstruction algorithms.