cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
New application of decomposition of U(1) gauge potential:Aharonov-Bohm effect and Anderson-Higgs mechanism
Creators: name: Li, Jian-Feng
name: Jiang, Yu
name: Sun, Wei-Min
name: Zong, Hong-Shi
name: Wang, Fan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we study the Aharonov-Bohm (A-B) effect and Anderson-Higgs mechanism in Ginzburg-Landau model of superconductors from the perspective of the decomposition of U(1) gauge potential. By the Helmholtz theorem, we derive exactly the expression of the transverse gauge potential $\vec{A}_\perp$ in A-B experiment, which is gauge-invariant and physical. For the case of a bulk superconductor, we find that the gradient of the total phase field $θ$ provides the longitudinal component ${\vec A}_{\parallel}$, which reflects the Anderson-Higgs mechanism. For the case of a superconductor ring, the gradient of the longitudinal phase field $θ_1$ provides the longitudinal component ${\vec A}_{\parallel}$, while the transverse phase field $θ_2$ produces new physical effects such as the flux quantization inside a superconducting ring.
description: 6 pages, no figures, final version to appear in Modern Physics Letters B
Additional file 3 of Birds of three worlds: moult migration to high Arctic expands a boreal-temperate flyway to a third biome
Creators: name: Piironen, Antti
name: Paasivaara, Antti
name: Laaksonen, Toni
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology

description: Additional file 3. Table 2. Length of migration routes, duration of migration and yearly additional journey caused by moult migration.
New developments in physician agency:
the role of patient information
Creators: name: Barigozzi, Francesca
name: Levaggi, Rosella
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2005
Subjects: SECS-S/06 Metodi matematici dell'economia e delle scienze attuariali e finanziarie

description: In economic perspective, the agency relationship between a patient
and his physician has dramatically changed in the past years and is still
evolving. Great emphasis is now placed on communication issues. The
debate on the amount and precision of information on his health status
the patient would/should acquire is still open and likewise the definition
of the role of the patient’s choice in the agency relationship. The debate
is not only academic: in fact, it has important policy implications on the
reimbursement schemes for physicians and informed consent.
Definition von Flexibilität in einem zellulär geprägten Energiesystem
Creators: name: Lehmann, Nico
name: Kraft, Emil
name: Duepmeier, Clemens
name: Mauser, Ingo
name: Förderer, Kevin
name: Sauer, Dominique
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2019
Subjects: flexibility
cell
energy system

description: Bereits existierende nationale und internationale Definitionen des Begriffs Flexibilität sind zu unpräzise und werden den Anforderungen, die sich bei der Beschreibung von Flexibilität innerhalb eines zellulären Energiesystems ergeben, nicht gerecht. Diese Arbeit benennt und definiert Flexibilitätsbegriffe, um ein gemeinsames Verständnis zu schaffen. Zunächst werden die technisch-ökonomischen Flexibilitätsbegriffe Fahrkurve, Flexibilitäts-bereitstellung, Flexibilitätserbringung, Quantifizierbarkeit, Prognostizierbarkeit sowie explizite und implizite Flexibilität beschrieben. Im Anschluss werden Begriffe beschrieben, die mit der Ansteuerung und dem Abruf von Flexibilität einhergehen. Darunter fallen die aktive und passive Flexibilitätserbringung, der zustands- und kommunikationsgesteuerte Flexibilitätsabruf sowie der direkte und indirekte Flexibilitätsabruf. Zuletzt wird eine Unterscheidung anhand des Verwendungszwecks in system-, netz- und marktdienliche Flexibilität vorgenommen. Das Ergebnis sind exakte Begriffsdefinitionen und Begriffsabgrenzungen, auf deren Basis Flexibilitätsprodukte beschrieben und kategorisiert werden können, die für die Konzeption und Demonstration eines zellulären geprägten Energiesystems unabdingbar sind.
Cognitive bias as a method of pain assessment following hot-iron dehorning of dairy calves
Creators: name: Neave, Heather Whittaker
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2013

description: Pain is one of the most highly studied emotions in animals, and the interaction between pain and cognitive processes is well documented in humans. Recent research has attempted to use changes in cognitive processes as a method of assessing emotions of animals. This approach is based on the influence of mood states on attention to and interpretation of information. Studies with humans have shown that depressed or anxious people interpret ambiguous stimuli more negatively, while people in positive states have more optimistic interpretations. These judgement bias tasks have been applied in different animal species, but none have investigated how pain affects emotional states. Here I present the first report of cognitive bias in cattle and the first evidence of a bias in response to pain in any non-human species. I assessed cognitive bias in dairy calves before and after hot-iron dehorning. Previous work has shown that calves experience pain for at least 24 h after this procedure. Calves (n=17) were trained in a go/no-go task to expect positive (milk reward) or negative (time-out with no opportunity to access milk) outcomes following nose contact with a video screen that was either white or red; calves were alternatively assigned white or red as the positive training stimulus, and the opposite colour as the negative training stimulus. Once calves had learned to discriminate between these two training stimuli, they were tested with unreinforced ambiguous probes (screen colours at 25%, 50%, and 75% red) introduced randomly within training sessions. Probes were presented in sessions 1 d before and 1 d after dehorning. Calves approached the ambiguous probe screens less frequently after dehorning (88±5, 55±5, 11±5 % for the near-positive probe, the halfway probe, and the near-negative probe, respectively) compared to before dehorning (92±5, 68±5, 23±5 %), a difference that was numerically most pronounced for the halfway and near-negative probes. These results indicate that calves experiencing pain during the hours after hot-iron dehorning exhibit a negative "pessimistic" bias and support the use of judgement bias tasks in the assessment of animal emotions.
The rotation of Io predicted by the Poincaré-Hough model
Creators: name: Noyelles, Benoît
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This note tackles the problem of the rotation of Io with the 4-degrees of freedom Poincaré-Hough model. Io is modeled as a 2-layer body, i.e. a triaxial fluid core and a rigid outer layer. We show that the longitudinal librations should have an amplitude of about 30 arcseconds, independent of the composition of the core. We also estimate the tidal instability of the core, and show that should be slowly unstable.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1111.3019
Goniorrhina Quedenfeldt 1888
Creators: name: Allsopp, Peter G.
name: Schoolmeesters, Paul
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Scarabaeidae
Goniorrhina

description: Goniorrhina Quedenfeldt, 1888
[10 species].
Type species Goniorrhina flaviceps Quedenfeldt, 1888, by monotypy.
description: Published as part of Allsopp, Peter G. & Schoolmeesters, Paul, 2024, All genera of the world: Subfamilies Prototroginae, Cretoscarabaeinae, Dynamopodinae, Electrorubesopsinae, Phaenomeridinae, Orphninae, Allidiostomatinae, Aclopinae, Lichniinae, Melolonthinae, Oncerinae, Podolasiinae, Sericinae, Sericoidinae (Animalia: Arthropoda: Insecta: Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), pp. 104-175 in Megataxa 12 (1) on page 136, DOI: 10.11646/megataxa.12.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/14984437
Quantum disorder in the spatially completely anisotropic triangular lattice II: frustrated hard-core bosons
Creators: name: Hauke, Philipp
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spin liquids occuring in 2D frustrated spin systems were initially assumed to appear at strongest frustration, but evidence grows that they more likely intervene at transitions between two different types of order. To identify if this is more general, we here analyze a generalization of the spatially anisotropic triangular lattice (SATL) with antiferromagnetic XY interactions, the spatially \emph{completely} anisotropic triangular lattice (SCATL). This model can be implemented in experiments with trapped ions, ultra-small Josephson junctions, or ultracold atoms in optical lattices. Using Takahashi's modified spin-wave theory, we find indications that indeed two different kinds of order are always separated by phases without magnetic long-range order. Our results further suggest that two gapped, magnetically-disordered phases, identified as distinct in the SATL, are actually continuously connected via the additional anisotropy of the SCATL. As these results indicate, this additional anisotropy -- allowing to approach quantum-disordered phases from different angles -- can give fundamental insight into the nature of quantum disordered phases. We complement our results by exact diagonalizations, which also indicate that in part of the gapped non-magnetic phase, chiral long-range correlations could survive.
description: 11 pages, 10 figures, minor changes to previous version. Has been published together with arXiv:1205.1955 [cond-mat.str-el] in Phys. Rev. B 87, 014415 (2013)
Persistent Homology and Partial Similarity of Shapes
Creators: name: Di Fabio, Barbara
name: Landi, Claudia
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2011
Subjects: MAT/03 Geometria

description: The ability to perform shape retrieval based not only on full similarity, but also partial similarity is a key property for any content-based search engine. We prove that persistence diagrams can reveal a partial similarity between two shapes by showing a common subset of points. This can be explained using the Mayer-Vietoris formulas that we develop for ordinary, relative and extended persistent homology. An experiment outlines the potential of persistence diagrams as shape descriptors in retrieval tasks based on both full and partial similarity.
Physical modelling of tidal resonance in a submarine canyon
Creators: name: Le Souëf, Kate Elizabeth
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2013

description: The Gully, Nova Scotia (44 degrees N) is unique amongst studied submarine canyons poleward of 30 degrees due to the dominance of the diurnal (K₁) tidal frequency, which is subinertial at these latitudes. Length scales suggest the diurnal frequency may be resonant in the Gully. A physical model of the Gully was constructed in a tank and tidal currents were observed using a rotating table. Resonance curves were fit to measurements in the laboratory canyon for a range of stratifications, background rotation rates and forcing amplitudes. Resonant frequency increased with increasing stratification and was not affected by changing background rotation rates, as expected. Dense water was observed upwelling onto the continental shelf on either side of the laboratory canyon and travelled at least one canyon width along the shelf. Most of this upwelled water was pulled back into the canyon on the second half of the tidal cycle. Friction values measured in the laboratory were much higher than expected, possibly due to upwelled water surging onto the shelf on each tidal cycle, similar to a tidal bore. By scaling observations from the laboratory to the ocean and assuming friction in the ocean is also affected by water travelling onto the shelf, a resonance curve for the Gully was created. Resonance curves explain why the diurnal frequency dominates over the semi-diurnal (M₂) frequency throughout the year at the Gully, even if stratification at the shelf break varies.
Diameter of the thick part of moduli space and simultaneous Whitehead moves
Creators: name: Rafi, Kasra
name: Tao, Jing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 30F60 (Primary) 05C85, 20F34 (Secondary)

description: Let S be a surface of genus g with p punctures with negative Euler characteristic. We study the diameter of the $ε$-thick part of moduli space of S equipped with the Teichmüller or Thurston's Lipschitz metric. We show that the asymptotic behaviors in both metrics are of order $\log \frac{g+p}ε$. The same result also holds for the $ε$-thick part of the moduli space of metric graphs of rank n equipped with the Lipschitz metric. The proof involves a sorting algorithm that sorts an arbitrary labeled tree with n labels with simultaneous Whitehead moves, where the number of steps is of order log(n).
description: 34 pages, 10 figures. Referee's comments incorporated. An appendix section is added to discuss the growth rate of the diameter of the space of graphs equipped with the metric of (non-simultaneous) Whitehead moves. The final version will appear in Duke Mathematical Journal
Additional file 4 of Birds of three worlds: moult migration to high Arctic expands a boreal-temperate flyway to a third biome
Creators: name: Piironen, Antti
name: Paasivaara, Antti
name: Laaksonen, Toni
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology

description: Additional file 4. Table 3. Explanation of sample sizes used in the analysis.
The nature of self-localization of Bose-Einstein condensates in deep optical lattices
Creators: name: Hennig, Holger
name: Fleischmann, Ragnar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the nature of a novel type of self-trapping transition called self-localization (SL) of Bose-Einstein condensates in one-dimensional optical lattices in the presence of weak local dissipation. SL has recently been observed in several studies based upon the discrete nonlinear Schrödinger equation (DNLS), however, its origin is hitherto an open question. We show that SL is based upon a self-trapping crossover in the system. Furthermore, we establish that the origin of the crossover is the Peierls-Nabarro barrier, an energy threshold describing the stability of self-trapped states. Beyond the mean-field description the crossover becomes even sharper which is also reflected by a sudden change of the coherence of the condensate. While we expect that the crossover can be readily studied in current experiments in deep optical lattices, our results allow for the preparation of robust and long-time coherent quantum states.
title: Cavell, Edith Louisa
title: Cavell, Edith Louisa
Creators: name: Pickles, Katie
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cavell, Edith
subject: Cavell, Edith, 1865-1915

description: Edith Cavell was an English nursing matron executed by the Germans in Brussels on 12 October 1915 for assisting enemy troops. After her death, she became one of the most famous women of World War One. The Allies used her name for recruitment purposes.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
Untersuchungen zum Einfluß von Mikrowellenstrahlung und Druck auf Härte und Expansion von Dentalgipsen
Creators: name: Pieper, Susanne
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Hochschulschrift
subject: Online-Publikation
subject: Zsfassung in engl. Sprache
subject: 617.69

description: Ziel dieser Arbeit war die Untersuchung zum Einfluss von Mikrowellenstrahlung und Druck auf Härte und Expansion von Dentalgipsen. Zur Untersuchung gelangten drei verschiedene Dentalgipse Typ II, III und IV welche jeweils für 30 Minuten einem Überdruck von 1 bar bzw. einer Mikrowellenstrahlung von 500Watt ausgesetzt wurden. Es erfolgte die Bestimmung der Härtewerte und Expansionswerte im Vergleich zum Standartversuch. Nach Analyse der Ergebnisse war kein signifikanter Unterschied zum Standartversuch festellbar. Das Aushärten von Dentalgipsen unter Mikrowellenstrahlung oder Druck, hat keinen Einfluss auf die Härte und Expansion der Dentalgipse.
description: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the influence of microwaves and pressure to hardness and expansion to dental-plaster. Three different types of dental-plaster type II, III and IV have been examined, which have either been exposed for 30 minutes to an overpressure of 1 bar or a microwave radiation of 500 Watt, followed by the evaluation of hardness and the value of expansion in comparison to the standard test. The analysis did not proof any significant difference to the standard test. The hardening of dental-plaster under the influence of microwaves or pressure has no effect to hardness and expansion of the dental-plaster-probe.
MOESM16 of Predictive proteomic signatures for response of pancreatic cancer patients receiving chemotherapy
Creators: name: Peng, Hong
name: Chen, Ru
name: Brentnall, Teresa
name: Eng, Jimmy
name: Picozzi, Vincent
name: Pan, Sheng
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Hematology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 16: Figure S6. Four plasma proteins PZ, AZGP1, SHBG, and VWF showed statistically significance in the volcano plot.
title: Quality assurance framework the concept o fquality assurance applied to fisheries data and its operationalisation under the ICES scope
Creators: name: Nedreaas, Kjell
name: Stransky, Christoph
name: Jardim, Ernesto
name: Vigneau, Joёl
Publisher: name: ASC 2009 - Theme session N
Year: 2024
Subjects: Fisheries and aquaculture
Technologies and data

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.Why assessments should have a quality check. Quality assurance of input parameters for stock assessment is a major subject promoting the confidence of scientists and stakeholders in the advice provided by ICES. Issues about quality assurance are included in the current MoU between EC and ICES. ICES is responsible for quality control of the aggregated data used in assessments and shall decide which data are considered a useful basis for advice. The decision process must be transparent, based on scientific information and fully documented. Institutions and individuals involved on providing input data to ICES must be informed about the processing, usage and shortcomings of the data.
title: Domestic Politics and Neutrality (Switzerland)
title: Domestic Politics and Neutrality (Switzerland)
Creators: name: Moos, Carlo
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Schweiz
subject: Weltkrieg [1914-1918]
subject: Neutralität
subject: World War, 1914-1918--Switzerland
subject: Neutrality

description: Neutrality is a fundamental problem in modern Swiss history and played a pivotal role in both world wars. During the Second World War the danger came from the outside, while during the First World War Switzerland was also threatened from within. From 1914 to 1918 a rift endangered Switzerland politically, as the western part of the country was concerned about the future of France, while the eastern part had strong ties to Germany. Several crises of neutrality made the situation during the war more difficult, amongst them an affair of two colonels from the General Staff and a peace mission by a federal councillor and a social-democrat member of parliament. The division within the country continued after the war, especially in relation to the creation of the League of Nations.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
Tuning into the Kitaev spin liquid phase:A spin model on the honeycomb lattice with two types of Heisenberg exchange couplings
Creators: name: Yu, Yue
name: Liang, Long
name: Niu, Qian
name: Qin, Shaojing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a spin model on honeycomb lattice with two types of Heisenberg exchange couplings, $J$ and $\tilde J$, where $J$ is for the conventional spin and and $\tilde J$ for rotated spin. When $\tilde J=0$, this is the conventional Heisenberg model. When J=0, the system is either in a stripy antiferromagnetic order($\tilde J<0$, ferromagnetic for rotated spin) or a zig-zag antiferromagnetic order ($\tilde J>0$, antiferromagnetic for rotated spin). The competition between two ferromagnetic orders or two antiferromagnetic orders induces Kitaev's spin liquid phase characterized by the exactly solvable Kitaev model ($J=\tilde J$). Our model can be applied to layered Mott insulators A$_2$IrO$_3$ (A=Li, Na). For a monolayer of Li$_2$IrO$_3$, we show that it is possible to tune the controlling parameter into the Kitaev spin liquid regime by a link-dependent Rashba spin-orbital coupling.
description: 5 pages, four figures,references and acknowledgement added
Eolestidae Greenwalt & Bechly 2014
Creators: name: Greenwalt, Dale E.
name: Bechly, Günter
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Odonata
Eolestidae

description: Family Eolestidae n. fam.
(Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7)
Type genus. Eolestes Cockerell, 1940.
Diagnosis. 1) Pterostigma length ≥ 3 x width; 2) Oblique “ O ” crossvein present; 3) Postnodal crossveins mostly aligned; 4) MA slightly zigzagged distal of the nodus; 5) Ax2 at or just distal of the arculus; 6) Discoidal cell closed and its posterior internal angle acute; 7) IR2 and RP 3/4 origin closer to the arculus than the nodus; 8) IR1- RP 2, RP 2-IR2 and RP 3/4-MA fields with ≥ two supplementary longitudinal sectors; 9) MA-CuA (cubital) field with ≥ two supplementary longitudinal sectors; 10) IR2- RP 3/4 field not expanded distally.
description: Published as part of Greenwalt, Dale E. & Bechly, Günter, 2014, A re-description of the fossil damselfly Eolestes syntheticus Cockerell, 1940 (Odonata: Zygoptera: Eolestidae n. fam.) with description of new taxa from the Eocene of North America, pp. 138-156 in Zootaxa 3887 (2) on page 140, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3887.2.2, http://zenodo.org/record/251053
Optimal operating conditions of an entangling two-transmon gate
Creators: name: D'Arrigo, A.
name: Paladino, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We identify optimal operating conditions of an entangling two-qubit gate realized by a capacitive coupling of two superconducting charge qubits in a transmission line resonator (the so called "transmons"). We demonstrate that the sensitivity of the optimized gate to 1/f flux and critical current noise is suppressed to leading order. The procedure only requires a preliminary estimate of the 1/f noise amplitudes. No additional control or bias line beyond those used for the manipulation of individual qubits are needed. The proposed optimization is effective also in the presence of relaxation processes and of spontaneous emission through the resonator (Purcell effect).
description: 12 pages, 5 figures
Additional file 1: of Upregulation of FOXM1 leads to diminished drug sensitivity in myeloma
Creators: name: Gu, Chunyan
name: Jing, Xuefang
name: Holman, Carol
name: Sompallae, Ramakrishna
name: Zhan, Fenghuang
name: Tricot, Guido
name: Yang, Ye
name: Janz, Siegfried
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Figure S1. Quantitative, reverse transcription (RT) polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis of FOXM1 gene expression in 8 myeloma patients for which 3 sequential CD138+ fractionated bone marrow tumor samples at baseline (white columns, newly diagnosed disease), initiation of HDT (high-dose therapy) and autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (ASCT) therapy (grey columns) and consolidation / maintenance therapy (black columns) were available. In the course of the latter, three patiens (1, 2 and 8) and one patient (7) experienced a clinically significant and incipient FOXM1High relapse, respectively. Total RNA was extracted using Quick-RNA MiniPrep (Zymo Research) and reverse transcribed using oligo dT primers and SuperScript III RT (Invitrogen). Data analysis relied on the ΔΔCt method. Primers were purchased from Integrated DNA Technologies (Coralville, Iowa). Sequences are available upon request. All increases in FOXM1 gene expression are relative to the patient-specific baseline value, which was set at 1. All patients were consented in accordance with rules and regulations of the US Food and Drug Administration and the Declaration of Helsinki. Tumor samples were collected with institutional approval supplied with IRB 201503809 entitled “FOXM1 role in myeloma.” (PDF 1499 kb)
Design π-konjugierter Stäbchen und deren Selbstorganisation - kubische Mesophasen und spontaner Symmetriebruch
Creators: name: Dressel, Christian
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Online-Publikation
subject: Hochschulschrift
subject: 547
subject: 540

description: Aufgrund ihrer 3D-Ladungsträgerbeweglichkeit könnten bikontinuierlich kubischen Mesophasen einen neuen Ansatz für die Verwendung von organischen Molekülen in photovoltaischen Modulen liefern. Aus diesem Grund war das Hauptziel dieser Arbeit das Design neuer polykatenarer Mesogene mit Befähigung zur Ausbildung thermotroper bikontinuierlich kubischer Mesophasen. Die Untersuchung dieser neuen symmetrischen und unsymmetrischen thiophenbasierten Moleküle erfolgte mit Hilfe der Polarisationsmikroskopie, der Differentialkalorimetrie und Röntgenbeugungsexperimenten. Es zeigte sich, dass in Abhängigkeit vom kubischen Phasentyp einige kubische Phasen makroskopisch chiral sind während andere makroskopisch achiral sind. In manchen Fällen führt die zugrundeliegende dynamische Separation enantiomorpher Konformere auch zum Spiegelsymmetriebruch in isotropen Flüssigkeiten.
description: Bicontinuous cubic mesophases may provide a new approach in the use of organics in photovoltaic devices caused by their three dimensional charge carrier properties. Therefore the main target of this work was the design of new polycatenar mesogens with the ability to form thermotropic bicontinuous cubic mesophases. These novel symmetric and nonsymmetric thiophene-based molecules were investigated by polarization microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray-scattering. It was found that some cubic phases are macroscopic chiral while others are macroscopic achiral depending on the phase type of the cubics. In some cases the underlying dynamic separation of enantiomorphic conformers also leads to mirror-symmetry breaking in isotropic liquids.
title: Atrocities
title: Atrocities
Creators: name: Kramer, Alan
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Kriegsverbrechen
subject: Weltkrieg [1914-1918]
subject: World War, 1914-1918--Atrocities

description: The term "atrocity" describes an act of violence condemned by contemporaries as a breach of morality or the laws of war. "Atrocities" are culturally constructed; by 1914, an international discourse on "civilized" war had defined "atrocities" as acts perpetrated by an enemy that was "uncivilized", or "barbarian". Victims of the "German atrocities" of 1914 were French and Belgian civilians; the killing of Germans in East Prussia by Russian troops featured less prominently. Habsburg forces killed numerous civilians in Serbia; all sides were charged with atrocities against captured soldiers and in naval warfare. Atrocity propaganda is discussed in a separate article.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
Pachydemocera Reitter 1902
Creators: name: Allsopp, Peter G.
name: Schoolmeesters, Paul
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Scarabaeidae
Pachydemocera

description: Pachydemocera Reitter, 1902
[1 species].
Type species Elaphocera lucidicollis Kraatz, 1882, by subsequent designation of Medvedev (1952).
description: Published as part of Allsopp, Peter G. & Schoolmeesters, Paul, 2024, All genera of the world: Subfamilies Prototroginae, Cretoscarabaeinae, Dynamopodinae, Electrorubesopsinae, Phaenomeridinae, Orphninae, Allidiostomatinae, Aclopinae, Lichniinae, Melolonthinae, Oncerinae, Podolasiinae, Sericinae, Sericoidinae (Animalia: Arthropoda: Insecta: Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), pp. 104-175 in Megataxa 12 (1) on page 138, DOI: 10.11646/megataxa.12.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/14984437
Seasonal Variations in Total Lipid and Fatty Acid Composition of Haliotis discus Hannai from Three Different Production Zones
Creators: name: Chen, Lipin
name: Wang, Qi
name: Cong, Xiaohan
name: Yu, Fanqianhui
name: Xue, Yong
name: Tang, Qingjuan
name: Xue, Changhu
name: Liu, Yanqing
name: Li, Zhaojie
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer

description: The lipid and fatty acid (FA) contents of abalone Haliotis discus hannai from Fujian, Qingdao, and Rongcheng, China were studied over four seasons. In spring, the lipid content of abalone from Rongcheng was significantly higher than Qingdao and Fujian, and there was no significant difference in other seasons. Palmitic acid was the major saturated fatty acid (SFA) in all seasons. Oleic acid was identified as the major monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA). Arachidonic acid (ARA) was the major polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), and C18:0 was the major dimethyl acetals (DMA) in all zones. Lipid composition changed significantly over the different zones according to the season. In Fujian, higher total lipid content was observed in the summer, whereas PUFA content peaked in spring. The highest fat content was observed in spring and autumn in Qingdao and Rongcheng, respectively. Abalone contains docosapentaenoic acid and trace amounts of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), which was recorded in small quantities during the summer. In general, the DMA content was higher in spring and summer than in autumn and winter. These findings can be useful for identifying the origin of abalone and evaluating the utilization of by-products of this species in the future.
title: Weber, Alfred
title: Weber, Alfred
Creators: name: Demm, Eberhard
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: o.P. Weber, Alfred
subject: o.P. Weber, Alfred, 1868-1958

description: As an adviser in the imperial office of the treasury (1916-1918), the Heidelberg economist Alfred Weber helped establish Poland and Lithuania as satellite states under the hegemony of the German Reich (''Mitteleuropa''). During the Weimar Republic, he fought against communists and Nazis and engaged in favour of democratic values. After 1945, he strove for the re-democratisation, re-unification and neutralization of Germany.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
Heat release by controlled continuous-time Markov jump processes
Creators: name: Muratore-Ginanneschi, Paolo
name: Mejía-Monasterio, Carlos
name: Peliti, Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive the equations governing the protocols minimizing the heat released by a continuous-time Markov jump process on a one-dimensional countable state space during a transition between assigned initial and final probability distributions in a finite time horizon. In particular, we identify the hypotheses on the transition rates under which the optimal control strategy and the probability distribution of the Markov jump problem obey a system of differential equations of Hamilton-Bellman-Jacobi-type. As the state-space mesh tends to zero, these equations converge to those satisfied by the diffusion process minimizing the heat released in the Langevin formulation of the same problem. We also show that in full analogy with the continuum case, heat minimization is equivalent to entropy production minimization. Thus, our results may be interpreted as a refined version of the second law of thermodynamics.
description: final version, section 2.1 revised, 26 pages, 3 figures
Induktion morphologischer Veränderungen der Plastidenhüllmembranen
Creators: name: Schattat, Martin Hartmut
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Online-Publikation
subject: Hochschulschrift
subject: 571.6592
subject: 571

description: Tubuläre Ausstülpungen der Plastidenhüllmembranen können mehrere μm weit ins Zytoplasma ragen.Für ihre Stabilität und ihre zum Teil hohe Dynamik sind ein intaktes Aktinskelett und die Aktivität von Myosinen notwendig. Über ihre Regulation, ihren genetischen Hintergrund und ihre Funktion ist darüber hinaus nur wenig bekannt. Im Rahmen der vorliegenden Arbeit wurde die obere Blattepidermis von Aarabidopsis thaliana als Modellsystem für die Analyse vo Stromuli etabliert. Mit Hilfe des Modellsystems war es möglich verschiedene natürlich vorkommende Induktoren und Repressoren der Stromulibildung i A. thaliana zu identifizieren. Agrobacterium tumefaciens erwies sich als Induktor von Stromuli in Nicotiana benthamiana. Eine Reihe der identifizierten stromuliinduzierenden Faktoren hat einen großen Einfluss auf den Kohlehydrathaushalt. Durch die Anwendung löslicher Inhibitoren konnte gezeigt werden, dass zwischen dem auslösenden Signal und der Bildung von Stromuli Proteinneusynthese notwendig ist.
Multiband Studies of the Optical Periodic Modulation in the X-Ray Binary SAX~J1808.4-3658 during Its Quiescence and 2008 Outburst
Creators: name: Wang, Z.
name: Breton, R. P.
name: Heinke, C. O.
name: Deloye, C. J.
name: Zhong, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on time-resolved optical imaging of the X-ray binary SAX J1808.4-3658 during its quiescent state and 2008 outburst. The binary, containing an accretion-powered millisecond pulsar, has a large sinusoidal-like modulation in its quiescent optical emission. We employ a Markov chain Monte Carlo technique to fit our multi-band light curve data in quiescence with an irradiated star model, and derive a tight constraint of $50^{+6}_{-5}$ deg on the inclination angle $i$ of the binary system. The pulsar and its companion are constrained to have masses of $0.97^{+0.31}_{-0.22} M_{\sun}$ and $0.04^{+0.02}_{-0.01} M_{\sun}$ (both 1$σ$ ranges), respectively. The dependence of these results on the measurements of the companion's projected radial velocity is discussed. We also find that the accretion disk had nearly constant optical fluxes over a $\sim$500 day period in the quiescent state our data covered, but started brightening 1.5 months before the 2008 outburst. Variations in modulation during the outburst were detected in our four observations made 7-12 days after the start of the outburst, and a sinusoidal-like modulation with 0.2 mag amplitude changed to have a smaller amplitude of 0.1 mag. The modulation variations are discussed. We estimate the albedo of the companion during its quiescence and the outburst, which was approximately 0 and 0.8 (for isotropic emission), respectively. This large difference probably provides additional evidence that the neutron star in the binary turns on as a radio pulsar in quiescence.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures, 1 table, accepted for publication in ApJ
title: Rathenau, Walther
title: Rathenau, Walther
Creators: name: Schölzel, Christian
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Rathenau, Walther
subject: Rathenau, Walther, 1867-1922

description: Walther Rathenau was one of the most influential entrepreneurs before the First World War. In 1914/1915 he became one of the main organizers of Germany’s war economy. After World War I he supported the “policy of fulfilment”. As German Minister of Foreign Affairs he signed the Treaty of Rapallo with Soviet Russia in 1922.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
Factorization of Tropical Matrices
Creators: name: Niv, Adi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In contrast to the situation in classical linear algebra, not every tropically non-singular matrix can be factored into a product of tropical elementary matrices. We do prove the factorizability of any tropically non-singular 2x2 matrix and, relating to the existing Bruhat decomposition, determine which 3x3 matrices are factorizable. Nevertheless, there is a closure operation, obtained by means of the tropical adjoint, which is always factorizable, generalizing the decomposition of the closure operation * of a matrix.
description: This paper is part of the author's PhD thesis, which was written at Bar-Ilan University under the supervision of Prof. L. H. Rowen
title: Bosniak Regiments (Austria-Hungary)
title: Bosniak Regiments (Austria-Hungary)
Creators: name: Neumayer, Christoph
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Österreich-Ungarn / Bosnisch-Herzegowinisches Infanterie-Regiment [1]
subject: World War, 1914-1918
subject: Bosnia and Herzegovina--History--1878-1918

description: Following the decisions of the Congress of Berlin in 1878, Austria-Hungary occupied the provinces of Bosnia and Herzegovina. From 1882 onwards, members of all ethnicities in Bosnia-Herzegovina were equally conscripted to military service. Bosnian-Herzegovinian troops, fought on all major fronts where Austro-Hungarian troops were stationed during the First World War, and they became known for their discipline, courage and reliability.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
Eolestes Cockerell 1940
Creators: name: Greenwalt, Dale E.
name: Bechly, Günter
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Odonata
Eolestes

description: Genus Eolestes Cockerell, 1940
(Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7)
Type species. Eolestes syntheticus Cockerell, 1940.
Diagnosis. Same as for monotypic family.
Comment. This genus should not be confused with the invalid junior homonym Eolestes Bown & Schankler, 1982 for an Eocene insectivorous mammal, which was replaced by the valid name Auroralestes Holroyd, Bown & Schankler, 2004.
description: Published as part of Greenwalt, Dale E. & Bechly, Günter, 2014, A re-description of the fossil damselfly Eolestes syntheticus Cockerell, 1940 (Odonata: Zygoptera: Eolestidae n. fam.) with description of new taxa from the Eocene of North America, pp. 138-156 in Zootaxa 3887 (2) on page 140, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3887.2.2, http://zenodo.org/record/251053
Palestinian Women in Terrorism: A Double-Edged Sword?
Creators: name: Erez, Edna
name: Laster, Kathy
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law

description: Drawing on a decade of research on terrorism in the Israeli–Palestinian conflict, we show how subjective “rational choices” motivate some women to engage in terrorist activism. Focusing on the motives of young women who engage in terrorism is consistent with feminist theory’s insistence on women’s agency—even at the extremes. In addition to the well-established motivations for terrorism reported in the literature, interviews with young women involved in terrorism reveal mixed personal motives for their gender-defying choices, including thrill-seeking and some conscious rebellion. However, we contend that women’s subjective rationale for participation in such violent behavior needs to be contextualized. A cost–benefit approach, we maintain, highlights the strategic considerations supporting the deployment of women as combatants by Palestinian terrorist organizations. We argue that the inclusion of women in terrorist activism in the Israeli–Palestinian conflict exposes a major fault line in attitudes to the role and proper place of women in what remains largely a patriarchal culture. This social ambivalence accounts for why, on all measures, women fare worse than their male counterparts. The implications of the findings for feminist research as well as policy are discussed.
Pachypoides Fairmaire 1884
Creators: name: Allsopp, Peter G.
name: Schoolmeesters, Paul
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Scarabaeidae
Pachypoides

description: Pachypoides Fairmaire, 1884b
[1 species].
Type species Pachypoides limbipennis Fairmaire, 1884, by monotypy.
description: Published as part of Allsopp, Peter G. & Schoolmeesters, Paul, 2024, All genera of the world: Subfamilies Prototroginae, Cretoscarabaeinae, Dynamopodinae, Electrorubesopsinae, Phaenomeridinae, Orphninae, Allidiostomatinae, Aclopinae, Lichniinae, Melolonthinae, Oncerinae, Podolasiinae, Sericinae, Sericoidinae (Animalia: Arthropoda: Insecta: Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), pp. 104-175 in Megataxa 12 (1) on page 138, DOI: 10.11646/megataxa.12.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/14984437
Out-of-plane stability of reinforced masonry shear walls under seismic loading : in-plane reversed cyclic testing
Creators: name: Robazza, Brook Raymond
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2013

description: Reinforced concrete block masonry shear walls (RMSWs) often constitute the principal seismic force resisting system in masonry structures in Canada. During an earthquake, these walls experience the combined effects of axial gravity loading and overturning moments due to inplane lateral seismic forces. This loading precipitates out-of-plane instability when the longitudinal reinforcement in the wall end zones is subjected to cycles of high tensile strain followed by compression. The Canadian masonry design standard (CSA S304.1-04) [Canadian Standard Association 2004] stipulates stringent height-to-thickness ratio limits for the seismic design of ductile RMSWs. Experimental research and earthquake evidence have demonstrated this failure mechanism in reinforced concrete shear walls loaded in-plane. However, similar evidence of the mechanism occurring in RMSWs is not available. This provided motivation for the research study described in this thesis. The research presented here represents the second phase of a comprehensive multi-phase research program. The first phase involved the experimental testing of full-scale reinforced masonry (RM) column-like specimens subjected to uniaxial cyclic tension-compression loading. The testing provided valuable insight into the out-of-plane instability as it occurs in RM. The second phase of the research program focused primarily on the lateral reversed-cyclic experimental testing of two full-scale, slender RMSWs with height-to-thickness ratios of 27, well exceeding the CSA S304.2 limits. The target failure mode was an out-of-plane failure mechanism. The results contribute unique benchmark data for the qualitative and quantitative assessment of the factors influencing out-of-plane instability of RMSWs as well providing better understanding of the mechanism itself. The effect of applied axial stress on out-of-plane instability is evaluated and possible other influential design parameters are discussed. From the results of the experimental study, it was concluded that the applied axial stress is a critical factor in the initiation of out-of-plane instability. This factor had effects on many other parameters, the most important of which was the development of tensile strain in the vertical reinforcement as well as the width and distribution of cracks over the plastic hinge height. These results indicate that the height-to-thickness ratio alone may not be an adequate factor governing the occurrence of out-of-plane instability in RMSWs.
Linearized Alternating Direction Method with Adaptive Penalty and Warm Starts for Fast Solving Transform Invariant Low-Rank Textures
Creators: name: Ren, Xiang
name: Lin, Zhouchen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Transform Invariant Low-rank Textures (TILT) is a novel and powerful tool that can effectively rectify a rich class of low-rank textures in 3D scenes from 2D images despite significant deformation and corruption. The existing algorithm for solving TILT is based on the alternating direction method (ADM). It suffers from high computational cost and is not theoretically guaranteed to converge to a correct solution. In this paper, we propose a novel algorithm to speed up solving TILT, with guaranteed convergence. Our method is based on the recently proposed linearized alternating direction method with adaptive penalty (LADMAP). To further reduce computation, warm starts are also introduced to initialize the variables better and cut the cost on singular value decomposition. Extensive experimental results on both synthetic and real data demonstrate that this new algorithm works much more efficiently and robustly than the existing algorithm. It could be at least five times faster than the previous method.
description: Accepted by International Journal of Computer Vision (IJCV)
Additional file 1 of Serum IgE in the clinical features and disease outcomes of IgG4-related disease: a large retrospective cohort study
Creators: name: Zhou, Jiaxin
name: Peng, Yu
name: Peng, Linyi
name: Wu, Di
name: Li, Jing
name: Jiang, Nan
name: Li, Jieqiong
name: Lu, Hui
name: Liu, Zheng
name: Luo, Xuan
name: Teng, Fei
name: Fei, Yunyun
name: Zhang, Wen
name: Zhao, Yan
name: Zeng, Xiaofeng
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Figure 1. The Kaplan-Meier curve for the IgG4-RD patients (GCs monotherapy and GCs + IMs therapy) in different serum IgG4 levels groups.