cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Understanding Experience in Interactive Systems
Creators: name: Forlizzi, Jodi
name: Battarbee, Katja
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2004
Subjects: Applied Computer Science

description: Understanding experience is a critical issue for a variety of professions, especially design. To understand experience and the user experience that results from interacting with products, designers conduct situated research activities focused on the interactions between people and products, and the experience that results. This paper attempts to clarify experience in interactive systems. We characterize current approaches to experience from a number of disciplines, and present a framework for designing experience for interactive system. We show how the framework can be applied by members of a multidisciplinary team to understand and generate the kinds of interactions and experiences new product and system designs might offer.
Scaling of Dzyaloshinskii Moriya interaction at heavy metal and ferromagnetic metal interfaces
Creators: name: Ma, Xin
name: Yu, Guoqiang
name: Tang, Chi
name: Li, Xiang
name: He, Congli
name: Shi, Jing
name: Wang, Kang L.
name: Li, Xiaoqin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Dzyaloshinskii Moriya Interaction (DMI) at the heavy metal (HM) and ferromagnetic metal (FM) interface has been recognized as a key ingredient in spintronic applications. Here we investigate the chemical trend of DMI on the 5d band filling (5d^3~5d^10) of the HM element in HM/CoFeB/MgO multilayer thin films. DMI is quantitatively evaluated by measuring asymmetric spin wave dispersion using Brillouin light scattering. Sign reversal and 20 times modification of the DMI coefficient D have been measured as the 5d HM element is varied. The chemical trend can be qualitatively understood by considering the 5d and 3d bands alignment at the HM/FM interface and the subsequent orbital hybridization around the Fermi level. Furthermore, a positive correlation is observed between DMI and spin mixing conductance at the HM/FM interfaces. Our results provide new insights into the interfacial DMI for designing future spintronic devices.
Probing noncommutative theories with quantum optical experiments
Creators: name: Dey, Sanjib
name: Bhat, Anha
name: Momeni, Davood
name: Faizal, Mir
name: Ali, Ahmed Farag
name: Dey, Tarun Kumar
name: Rehman, Atikur
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of the major difficulties of modern science underlies at the unification of general relativity and quantum mechanics. Different approaches towards such theory have been proposed. Noncommutative theories serve as the root of almost all such approaches. However, the identification of the appropriate passage to quantum gravity is suffering from the inadequacy of experimental techniques. It is beyond our ability to test the effects of quantum gravity thorough the available scattering experiments, as it is unattainable to probe such high energy scale at which the effects of quantum gravity appear. Here we propose an elegant alternative scheme to test such theories by detecting the deformations emerging from the noncommutative structures. Our protocol relies on the novelty of an opto-mechanical experimental setup where the information of the noncommutative oscillator is exchanged via the interaction with an optical pulse inside an optical cavity. We also demonstrate that our proposal is within the reach of current technology and, thus, it could uncover a feasible route towards the realization of quantum gravitational phenomena thorough a simple table-top experiment.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures, In press (Nuclear Physics B)
Télémaque
Creators: name: Danchet, Antoine
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2021
Subjects: Livret d'Opéra
Tragédie en musique
Académie royale de musique
Première génération d'opéras français
Paris

description: Tragédie représentée par l'Académie royale de musique en 1704. Les paroles sont d'Antoine Danchet et la musique d'André Campra. Le livret est consultable de manière publique par un portail qui donne accès simultanément au fac-similé, à une version du corpus qui respecte la graphie d’origine et une version du corpus normalisé exploitable à travers toutes les fonctionnalités de la plateforme TXM : http://fanum-txm.univ-fcomte.fr/txm/?command=edition&path=/LIVRETSOPERA&editions=facs,originale,normalis%C3%A9e&textid=41_TELEMAQUE1
description: Bibliographic citation: Cote (ELLIADD) : 41_TELEMAQUE1
description: URL TXM : http://fanum-txm.univ-fcomte.fr/txm/?command=edition&path=/LIVRETSOPERA&editions=facs,originale,normalis%C3%A9e&textid=41_TELEMAQUE1
Will Solar Cycles 25 and 26 Be Weaker than Cycle 24 ?
Creators: name: Javaraiah, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The study of variations in solar activity is important for understanding the underlying mechanism of solar activity and for predicting the level of activity in view of the activity impact on space weather and global climate. Here we have used the amplitudes (the peak values of the 13-month smoothed international sunspot number) of Solar Cycles 1-24 to predict the relative amplitudes of the solar cycles during the rising phase of the upcoming Gleissberg cycle. We fitted a cosine function to the amplitudes and times of the solar cycles after subtracting a linear fit of the amplitudes. The best cosine fit shows overall properties (periods, maxima, minima, etc.) of Gleissberg cycles, but with large uncertainties. We obtain a pattern of the rising phase of the upcoming Gleissberg cycle, but there is considerable ambiguity. Using the epochs of violations of the Gnevyshev-Ohl rule (G-O rule) and the `tentative inverse G-O rule' of solar cycles during the period 1610-2015, and also using the epochs where the orbital angular momentum of the Sun is steeply decreased during the period 1600-2099, we infer that Solar Cycle 25 will be weaker than Cycle 24. Cycles 25 and 26 will have almost same strength, and their epochs are at the minimum between the current and upcoming Gleissberg cycles. In addition, Cycle 27 is expected to be stronger than Cycle 26 and weaker than Cycle 28, and Cycle 29 is expected to be stronger than both Cycles 28 and 30. The maximum of Cycle 29 is expected to represent the next Gleissberg maximum. Our analysis also suggests a much lower value (30-40) for the maximum amplitude of the upcoming Cycle 25.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures, Published in Solar Physics
Electronic Laboratory Notebooks for FAIR Data Management - Evaluation and Recommendations for Solutions at Research Infrastructures
Creators: name: Jordt, Philipp
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Electronic Laboratory Notebook
Data Management
FAIR Data

description: Oral presentation held at the DPG Spring Meeting of the Condensed Matter Section (2023) in the Focus Session: Making Experimental Data F.A.I.R. – New Concepts for Research Data Management.
title: Alberto's life (extract)
title: La vie d'Alberto (extrait)
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Schang, Emmanuel
name: Rougé, Jean-Louis
Publisher: name: COCOON - https://cocoon.huma-num.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Sãotomense
subject: cri

description: Conforms to: doi:10.34847/cocoon.69c4fa74-f324-3ddb-9f1a-580867fd5826
The Langlands Program and String Modular K3 Surfaces
Creators: name: Schimmrigk, Rolf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A number theoretic approach to string compactification is developed for Calabi-Yau hypersurfaces in arbitrary dimensions. The motivic strategy involved is illustrated by showing that the Hecke eigenforms derived from Galois group orbits of the holomorphic two-form of a particular type of K3 surfaces can be expressed in terms of modular forms constructed from the worldsheet theory. The process of deriving string physics from spacetime geometry can be reversed, allowing the construction of K3 surface geometry from the string characters of the partition function. A general argument for K3 modularity follows from mirror symmetry, in combination with the proof of the Shimura-Taniyama conjecture.
description: 33 pages
Interaction of a vortex ring with the free surface of ideal fluid
Creators: name: Ruban, V. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The interaction of a small vortex ring with the free surface of a perfect fluid is considered. In the frame of the point ring approximation the asymptotic expression for the Fourier-components of radiated surface waves is obtained in the case when the vortex ring comes from infinity and has both horizontal and vertical components of the velocity. The non-conservative corrections to the equations of motion of the ring, due to Cherenkov radiation, are derived.
description: LaTeX, 15 pages, 1 eps figure
Additional file 6 of Gut microbiota of homologous Chinese soft-shell turtles (Pelodiscus sinensis) in different habitats
Creators: name: Wu, Benli
name: Huang, Long
name: Chen, Jing
name: Zhang, Ye
name: Wang, Jun
name: He, Jixiang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology

description: Additional file 6: Table S2. The nearest sequenced taxon index (NSTI) for groups from different habitats on OTUs,the group details were listed in Table 2.
Electronic Laboratory Notebooks (ELN) for Photon Science: Overview and Evaluation of existing and upcoming Solutions
Creators: name: Jordt, Philipp
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Electronic Laboratory Notebook
FAIR Data
Photon Science
Data Management

description: Poster presented at the 2024 DESY Photon Science Users' Meeting "Research with Synchrotron Radiation and FELs".
Monte Carlo Simulations of Type Ia Supernova Observations in Supernova Surveys
Creators: name: Li, Weidong
name: Filippenko, Alexei V.
name: Riess, Adam G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have performed Monte Carlo simulations of type Ia supernova (SN Ia) surveys to quantify their efficiency in discovering peculiar overluminous and underluminous SNe Ia. We determined how the type of survey (magnitude-limited, distance-limited, or a hybrid) and its characteristics (observations frequency and detection limit) affect the discovery of peculiar SNe Ia. We find that there are strong biases against the discovery of peculiar SNe Ia introduced by at least four observational effects: the Malmquist bias, the age of the SN Ia at the time of its discovery, the shape of its light curve, and its degree of extinction. Surveys with low observation frequency (less than once per 10 days) tend to discover SNe Ia which are too old for observers to easily recognize their peculi arity. Subluminous SNe Ia are underrepresented in magnitude-limited surveys because they can only be found within a small volume and they remain above the detection limit for less time. Conversely, overluminous SNe Ia are more easily found in magnitude-limited surveys although their likely association with dusty regions reduces the volume in which they can be discovered. The unbiased rate of peculiar SNe Ia can be recovered only in distance-limited surveys with high observation frequencies and with detection limits which are fainter than the peak magnitude of a subluminous SN Ia in the farthest potential host.
description: 25 pages, 16 figures, accepted for publication in the ApJ
Model Hamiltonian parameters for half-metallic ferromagnets NiMnSb and CrO2
Creators: name: Yamasaki, A.
name: Chioncel, L.
name: Lichtenstein, A. I.
name: Andersen, O. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the recently developed Nth-order muffin-tin-orbital (NMTO) based downfolding technique we revisit the electronic properties of half-metallic ferromagnets, the semi-Heusler NiMnSb and rutile CrO2. The NMTO Wannier orbitals for the Mn-d and Cr-t2g manifolds are constructed and the mechanism of chemical bonding is discussed. The effective hopping Hamiltonian parameters are calculated using a NMTO downfolded basis set. We propose model Hamiltonian parameters with possibly minimal basis sets for both half-metallic ferromagnetic alloys.
description: 12 pages, 10 figures, 2 tables
Mathematical modelling of indirect measurements in periodic diffractive optics and scatterometry
Creators: name: Gross, Hermann
name: Model, Regine
name: Bär, Markus
name: Wurm, Matthias
name: Bodermann, Bernd
name: Rathsfeld, Andreas
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: indirect measurements
subject: mathematical modelling
subject: inverse methods
subject: diffractive optics
subject: 78A46
subject: 65N30
subject: 65K10

description: In this work, we illustrate the benefits and problems of mathematical modelling and effective numerical algorithms to determine the diffraction of light by periodic grating structures. Such models are required for reconstruction of the grating structure from the light diffraction patterns. With decreasing structure dimensions on lithography masks, increasing demands on suitable metrology techniques arise. Methods like scatterometry as a non-imaging indirect optical method offer access to the geometrical parameters of periodic structures including pitch, side-wall angles, line heights, top and bottom widths. The mathematical model for scatterometry is based on the Helmholtz equation derived as a time-harmonic solution of Maxwell's equations. It determines the incident and scattered electric and magnetic fields, which fully specify the light propagation in a periodic two-dimensional grating structure. For numerical simulations of the diffraction patterns, a standard finite element method (FEM) or a generalized finite element method (GFEM) is used for solving the elliptic Helmholtz equation. In a first step, we performed systematic forward calculations for different varying structure parameters to evaluate the applicability and sensitivity of different scatterometric measurement methods. Furthermore our programs include several iterative optimization methods for reconstructing the geometric parameters of the grating structure by the minimization of a functional. First reconstruction results for different test data sets are presented.
Phase transition and hysteresis in a rechargeable lithium battery
Creators: name: Dreyer, Wolfgang
name: Gaberšček, Miran
name: Jamnik, Janko
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Thermodynamics
subject: Structured surfaces and interfaces
subject: Solid-phase precipitation
subject: coexistent phases
subject: Chemical and reactive effects
subject: Dynamics of phase
subject: boundaries
subject: Transformations involving diffusion
subject: Problems involving
subject: hysteresis
subject: 74A15
subject: 74A50
subject: 74F25
subject: 74N20
subject: 74N25
subject: 74N30
subject: 81.30.Mh
subject: 82.56.Lz
subject: 82.45.Fk
subject: 82.60.Qr

description: We represent a model which describes the evolution of a phase transition that occurs in some part of a rechargeable lithium battery during the process of charging/discharging. The model is capable to simulate the hysteretic behavior of the voltage - charge characteristics. During discharging of the battery, the interstitial lattice sites of a small crystalline host system are filled up with lithium atoms and these are released again during charging. We show within the context of a sharp interface model that two mechanical phenomena go along with a phase transition that appears in the host system during supply and removal of lithium. At first the lithium atoms need more space than it is available by the interstitial lattice sites, which leads to a maximal relative change of the crystal volume of about $6%$. Furthermore there is an interface between two adjacent phases that has very large curvature of the order of magnitude 100 m, which evoke here a discontinuity of the normal component of the stress. In order to simulate the dynamics of the phase transitions and in particular the observed hysteresis we establish a new initial and boundary value problem for a nonlinear PDE system that can be reduced in some limiting case to an ODE system.
title: “Desarreglos propios del sexo”: Advertising Menstrual Disorders and Regulating Women in fin-de-siglo Spain
Creators: name: Ragan, Robin
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2010

description: The year is 1893. Dr. Velázquez declares in Madrid that a fourth if not half of all women suffer from it (qtd. in Aldaraca, “The Medical” 410). Remedies range from Dr. Weir Mitchell’s rest cure and marriage (read sex) to the use of contraptions like ovary compressors or leeches to the anus. Of course, I am referring to the disease hysteria. The fin-de-siglo medical field became obsessed with women’s “nervous conditions” and the apparent epidemic of hysteria. I am inserting my research into a voluminous, intriguing body of criticism that looks at hysteria as a cultural metaphor revealed in nineteenth- century Spain in medical texts (Aldaraca; Borderies-Guerena; Jagoe et al.) and in Spanish literature (Charnon-Deutch; Labanyi; Ragan; Sinclair; Valis). The study of women’s illnesses in this period illuminates not only what was happening to women’s bodies physiologically, but also how women’s illnesses were perceived, treated, interpreted, and “cured.” We can question what needs were being met by particular illnesses—ranging from the individual needs of women, to socio-cultural needs, as well as to the medical community’s needs. My contribution builds upon this prior work with hysteria and focuses on both a new set of interconnected illnesses (amenorrhea, anemia, and inapetencia) and a new primary source: pharmaceutical advertisements. My aim is not simply to analyze the social construction of Spanish women’s illnesses in the fin-de-siglo, but also to understand the role women played as consumers of pharmaceutical goods in managing their own physical ailments. I hope to reveal that physicians—whether intentionally or not—ignored women’s menstrual irregularities; women themselves did not. Instead, they were avid consumers of menstrual regulators and abortifacients. By analyzing pharmaceutical advertisements and relevant supporting texts, I will unravel the connections between menstrual irregularities, anemia, anorexia, and abortion.
title: ADCO, Cartulaire général de Cîteaux, dit de Jean de Cirey, (XVe siècle), tome III, Cart. 187 (11 H 72), f. 0068v
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CG21/F.PETOT/2012
name: Petot, Frédéric
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris
subject: cartulaire
subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge

description: Cartulaire général de Cîteaux, dit de Jean de Cirey, (XVe siècle), tome III, Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 187 (11 H 72), f. 0068v, Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Cartulaire général de Cîteaux, dit de Jean de Cirey, (XVe siècle), tome III, Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 187 (11 H 72), f. 0068v, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https:// manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: https://www.geonames.org/3024876
description: Provenance: http://www.idref.fr/030974844/id
description: Provenance: https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12228351v
description: Provenance: abbaye de Cîteaux
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843261
Understanding and Using Context
Creators: name: Anind K Dey
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2001
Subjects: Applied Computer Science

description: Context is a poorly used source of information in our computing environments. As a result, we have an impoverished understanding of what context is and how it can be used. In this paper, we provide an operational definition of context and discuss the different ways that context can be used by context-aware applications. We also present the Context Toolkit, an architecture that supports the building of these context-aware applications. We discuss the features and abstractions in the toolkit that make the task of building applications easier. Finally, we introduce a new abstraction, a situation, which we believe will provide additional support to application designers.
Speed Limit on the brane
Creators: name: Gogberashvili, Merab
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Relationship between the speed limit on the brane and in the bulk is discussed. We assume that the speed of light, similar to the 4-dimensional gravitational constant, is not a primary fundamental constant but depends on the gravitational potential of the brane. This opens the way to explain the hierarchy between the Plank and Higgs scales even within the simplest 5-dimensional model.
description: RevTeX, 2 pages, no figures
Understanding and Capturing People's Privacy Policies in a Mobile Social Networking Application
Creators: name: Sadeh, Norman
name: Hong, Jason
name: Cranor, Lorrie
name: Fette, Ian
name: Prabaker, Madhu
name: Jinghai  Rao
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2007
Subjects: Applied Computer Science

description: A number of mobile applications have emerged that allow users to locate one another. However, people have expressed concerns about the privacy implications associated with this class of software, suggesting that broad adoption may only happen to the extent that these concerns are adequately addressed. In this article, we report on our work on PEOPLEFINDER, an application that enables cell phone and laptop users to selectively share their locations with others (e.g. friends, family, and colleagues). The objective of our work has been to better understand people’s attitudes and behaviors towards privacy as they interact with such an application, and to explore technologies that empower users to more effectively and efficiently specify their privacy preferences (or “policies”). These technologies include user interfaces for specifying rules and auditing disclosures, as well as machine learning techniques to refine user policies based on their feedback. We present evaluations of these technologies in the context of one laboratory study and three field studies
A High Intrinsic Peculiarity Rate Among Type Ia Supernovae
Creators: name: Li, Weidong
name: Filippenko, Alexei V.
name: Treffers, R. R.
name: Riess, A. G.
name: Hu, Jingyao
name: Qiu, Y. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have compiled a sample of 45 Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) discovered by the Lick Observatory Supernova Search (LOSS) and the Beijing Astronomical Observatory Supernova Survey (BAOSS), and determined the rate of spectroscopically peculiar SNe Ia (i.e., SN 1986G-like, SN 1991bg-like, and SN 1991T-like objects) and the luminosity function of SNe Ia. Because of the nature of the two surveys (distance-limited with small baselines and deep limiting magnitudes), nearly all SNe Ia have been discovered in the sample galaxies of LOSS and BAOSS; thus, the observed peculiarity rate and luminosity function of SNe Ia are intrinsic. We find that 36$\pm$9% of nearby SNe Ia are peculiar; specifically, the luminosity function of SNe Ia consists of 20% SN 1991T-like, 64% normal, and 16% SN 1991bg-like objects. We have compared our results to those found by earlier studies, and to those found at high redshift. The apparent dearth of SN 1991T-like objects at high redshift may be due to extinction, and especially to the difficulty of recognizing them from spectra obtained past maximum brightness or from spectra with low signal-to-noise ratios. Implications of the high peculiarity rate for the progenitor systems of SNe Ia are also briefly discussed.
description: 20 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in the ApJ
A higher gradient theory of mixtures for multi-component materials with numerical examples for binary alloys
Creators: name: Böhme, Thomas
name: Dreyer, Wolfgang
name: Duderstadt, Frank
name: Müller, Wolfgang H.
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Thermodynamics
subject: structured surfaces and interfaces
subject: coexistent phases
subject: analysis of microstructure
subject: transformations involving diffusion
subject: 74A15
subject: 74A50
subject: 74N15
subject: 74N25
subject: 80A17
subject: 80A20
subject: 82D35

description: A theory of mixture for multi-component materials is presented based on a novel, straightforward method for the exploitation of the Second Law of thermodynamics. In particular the constitutive equations for entropy, heat and diffusion flux as well as the stress tensor are formulated as a consequence of the non-negative entropy production. Furthermore we derive the established Gibbs equation as well as the Gibbs Duhem relation which also follow from the formalism. Moreover, it is illustrated, how local mechanical strains due to eigenstrains or external loadings, modify the free energy and, consequently, change the chemical potentials of the components. All consecutive steps are illustrated, first, for simple mixtures and, second, for a system containing two different phases. So-called higher gradients of the concentrations are considered, which take the nonuniform composition into account. It will also become apparent that more/other variables of modified/different physical pr oblems beyond the illustrated ones can be easily treated within the presented framework. This work ends with the specification to binary alloys and with the presentation of various numerical simulations.
title: Quantitative Assessment of Sun Louver Design Performance
Creators: name: Severson, Alexis
name: Mansy, Khaled
name: Spector, Tom
name: Phillips, John
name: Homer, Jeanne
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Sun Louvers
subject: Carbon Footprint
subject: Daylighting
subject: Energy
subject: Architectural Engineering
subject: Architectural Technology
subject: Architecture
subject: FOS: Civil engineering
subject: Construction Engineering and Management
subject: Engineering Education
subject: Structural Engineering

description: Conventional wisdom holds that carefully designed exterior louver systems tuned to a building’s earth latitude and its glass wall’s compass orientations do a better job of regulating sunlight than interior louver systems due to the intuition-friendly observation that exterior systems reflect or shade the sunlight before it ever enters the building. A multi-criteria, multi-variable analysis performed on a 3600 SF multipurpose space came to different conclusions. The results showed that when accounting for such design criteria as carbon footprint, glare, optimal daylighting and solar heat gain of the interior, tuned exterior louvers perform well against some measures but fared poorly in others, making the decision between types of louver systems a matter of setting performance priorities and aesthetic preference in any given building. This paper summarizes a student’s independent research study in which she tested her studio project’s arrangement of sun louvers in a large multipurpose space, measuring a number of factors with a goal of determining the best design. Four interdisciplinary faculty collaboratively reviewed her research from architectural, structural, and environmental perspectives. For the analysis, Cove Tool, eQUEST, Tally, and EC3 software were used to test the performance of various louver layouts. A series of separate studies investigated whether the presence of louvers, their solar orientation, the location of the louvers relative to the glass wall, and louver spacing impacted daylighting and energy performance and carbon footprint reduction. All louver studies were compared to a reference design of exposed non-louvered glass, specified to meet minimum code standards. While some results followed widely accepted logic regarding the design of sun louvers, many differences in performance were either not as dramatic as expected, or positive performance results in one category were offset by negative performance results in another. In the end it is evident in this study that the detailed refinements of louver design do not dramatically affect daylight, energy, or carbon footprint performance in a way that would provide designers with clear performance directives, in the absence of preset priorities, so such factors as aesthetic intent may ultimately take on a decisive role.
Theory of Spin Hall Effects in Semiconductors
Creators: name: Engel, Hans-Andreas
name: Rashba, Emmanuel I.
name: Halperin, Bertrand I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spin Hall effects are a collection of phenomena, resulting from spin-orbit coupling, in which an electrical current flowing through a sample can lead to spin transport in a perpendicular direction and spin accumulation at lateral boundaries. These effects, which do not require an applied magnetic field, can originate in a variety of intrinsic and extrinsic spin-orbit coupling mechanisms and depend on geometry, dimension, impurity scattering, and carrier density of the system--making the analysis of these effects a diverse field of research. In this article, we give an overview of the theoretical background of the spin Hall effects and summarize some of the most important results. First, we explain effective spin-orbit Hamiltonians, how they arise from band structure, and how they can be understood from symmetry considerations; including intrinsic coupling due to bulk inversion or structure asymmetry or due to strain, and extrinsic coupling due to impurities. This leads to different mechanisms of spin transport: spin precession, skew scattering, and side jump. Then we present the kinetic (Boltzmann) equations, which describe the spin-dependent distribution function of charge carriers, and the diffusion equation for spin polarization density. Next, we define the notion of spin currents and discuss their relation to spin polarization. Finally, we explain the electrically induced spin effects; namely, spin polarization and currents in bulk and near boundaries (the focus of most current theoretical research efforts), and spin injection, as well as effects in mesoscopic systems and in edge states.
description: Contribution to Handbook of Magnetism and Advanced Magnetic Materials, Vol. 5, Wiley. 37 pages, 5 figures; slightly extended text and updated references; final version
Bulk-Brane Duality in Field Theory
Creators: name: Shifman, M.
name: Yung, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider (3+1)-dimensional N=2 supersymmetric QED with two flavors of fundamental hypermultiplets. This theory supports 1/2-BPS domain walls and flux tubes (strings), as well as their 1/4-BPS junctions. The effective (2+1)-dimensional theory on the domain wall is known to be a U(1) gauge theory. Previously, the wall-string junctions were shown to play the role of massive charges in this theory. However, the field theory of the junctions on the wall (for semi-infinite strings) appears to be inconsistent due to infrared problems. All these problems can be eliminated by compactifying one spatial dimension orthogonal to the wall and considering a wall-antiwall system on a cylinder. We argue that for certain values of parameters this set-up provides an example of a controllable bulk-brane duality in field theory. Dynamics of the 4D bulk are mapped onto 3D boundary theory: 3D N=2 SQED with two matter superfields and a weak-strong coupling constant relation in 4D and 3D, respectively. The cylinder radius is seen as a "real mass" in 3D N=2 SQED. We work out (at weak coupling) the quantum version of the world-volume theory on the walls. Integrating out massive matter (strings in the bulk theory) one generates a Chern-Simons term on the wall world volume and an interaction between the wall and antiwall that scales as a power of distance. Vector and scalar (classically) massless excitations on the walls develop a mass gap at the quantum level; the long-range interactions disappear. The above duality implies that the wall and its antiwall partner (at strong coupling in the bulk theory) are stabilized at the opposite sides of the cylinder.
description: 30 pages, 7 figures; v.2: 1 reference added; a few explanatory remarks added; v.3 minor stylistic changes
Ubiquitous Sustainablity: Citizen Science and Activism
Creators: name: Paulos, Eric
name: Foth, Marcus
name: Satchell, Christine
name: Younghui  Kim
name: Dourish, Paul
name: Jaz Hee-Jeong  Choi
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2008
Subjects: Applied Computer Science

description: In this workshop we propose to explore new approaches to bring about real environmental change by looking at the success of empowering technologies that enable grassroots activism and bottom up community participation. Ubiquitous computing is transforming from being mostly about professional communication and social interaction to a sensor rich personal measurement platform that can empower individuals and groups to gain an awareness of their surroundings, engage in grassroots activism to promote environmental change, and enable a new social paradigm – citizen science. This workshop brings together fresh ideas and approaches to help elevate individuals to have a powerful voice in society, to act as citizen scientists, and collectively learn and lobby for change worldwide.
Additional file 5 of Gut microbiota of homologous Chinese soft-shell turtles (Pelodiscus sinensis) in different habitats
Creators: name: Wu, Benli
name: Huang, Long
name: Chen, Jing
name: Zhang, Ye
name: Wang, Jun
name: He, Jixiang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology

description: Additional file 5: Table S1. Number of observed total and dominant (˃0.1%) OTUs and counts in groups, the group details were listed in Table 2.
Substructures revealed by the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect at 150GHz in the high resolution map of RXJ1347-1145
Creators: name: Komatsu, Eiichiro
name: Matsuo, Hiroshi
name: Kitayama, Tetsu
name: Hattori, Makoto
name: Kawabe, Ryohei
name: Kohno, Kotaro
name: Kuno, Nario
name: Suto, Yasushi
name: Schindler, Sabine
name: Yoshikawa, Kohji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on mapping observations toward the region of the most luminous X-ray cluster RXJ1347-1145 (z=0.45) through the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect at 21GHz and 150GHz with the Nobeyama 45-m telescope. While a low angular resolution image at 21GHz (beam-size of 76'') shows a consistent feature with the ROSAT/HRI X-ray image, a higher angular resolution image (13'') at 150GHz reveals complex morphological structures of the cluster region, which cannot be simply described by the spherical isothermal beta-model. If such inhomogeneous morphological features prove to be generic for high redshift clusters, distance measurements to the clusters based on their Sunyaev-Zel'dovich data with low angular resolution imaging should be interpreted with caution.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures, submitted to PASJ. High-resolution figure version is available at http://www.astr.tohoku.ac.jp/~komatsu/
Ubiquitous Computing for Firefighers: Field Studies and Prototypes of Large Displays for Incident Command
Creators: name: Xiaodong  Jiang
name: Hong, Jason I
name: Takayama, Leila A.
name: Landay, James A.
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2004
Subjects: Applied Computer Science

description: In this paper, we demonstrate how field studies, interviews, and low-fidelity prototypes can be used to inform the design of ubiquitous computing systems for firefighters. We describe the artifacts and processes used by firefighters to assess, plan, and communicate during emergency situations, showing how accountability affects these decisions, how their current Incident Command System supports these tasks, and some drawbacks of existing solutions. These factors informed the design of a large electronic display for supporting the incident commander, the person who coordinates the overall response strategy in an emergency. Although our focus was on firefighters, our results are applicable for other aspects of emergency response as well, due to common procedures and training.
A study on the eigenstrain problem in solid mixtures
Creators: name: Dreyer, Wolfgang
name: Duderstadt, Frank
name: Kimmerle, Sven-Joachim
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: misfit
subject: inclusions
subject: St. Venant-Kirchhoff law
subject: elasticity
subject: inelastic deformation
subject: change of reference configuration
subject: intermediate configuration
subject: thermal
subject: expansion
subject: diffusion
subject: phase transition
subject: 74-99
subject: 74A10
subject: 74E05
subject: 74F05
subject: 74F10
subject: 74F20
subject: 74N25

description: We introduce a framework that is capable to model the appearance of mechanical stresses due to inelastic deformations. Among these we consider in particular thermal expansions, diffusion and phase transitions. Among the quantities of central importance are the eigenstrain and the misfit strain. They describe the phenomenon that different material volumes of a compact body may not be compatible to each other in a stress-free reference configuration, so that here a compact body may not exist. We shall show that it is possible to find a further reference configuration, where the body is compact but not free of stress. A typical example where misfit appears concerns a body whose local parts differently transform their phase. This might be a change of the crystal lattice from the ferrite to the austenite symmetry in steel, or the formation of liquid droplets in crystalline gallium arsenide. In both cases the new interior phase has with respect to the parent phase different volume or shape in its state that is free of stress. In this study we consider the eigenstrain problem for pure substances as well as for mixtures. In the latter case subtle arguments are needed for an appropriate description. Special focus is given to the equivalence of interface boundaries with discontinues and continues displacement vectors.
UBIGreen: Investigating a Mobile Tool for Tracking and Supporting Green Transportation Habits
Creators: name: Froehlich, Jon
name: Dillahunt, Tawanna
name: Klasnja, Predrag
name: Mankoff, Jennifer
name: Consolvo, Sunny
name: Harrison, Beverly
name: Landay, James A.
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2009
Subjects: Applied Computer Science

description: The greatest contributor of CO2 emissions in the average American household is personal transportation. Because transportation is inherently a mobile activity, mobile devices are well suited to sense and provide feedback about these activities. In this paper, we explore the use of personal ambient displays on mobile phones to give users feedback about sensed and self-reported transportation behaviors. We first present results from a set of formative studies exploring our respondents’ existing transportation routines, willingness to engage in and maintain green transportation behavior, and reactions to early mobile phone “green” application design concepts. We then describe the results of a 3-week field study (N=13) of the UbiGreen Transportation Display prototype, a mobile phone application that semi-automatically senses and reveals information about transportation behavior. Our contributions include a working system for semiautomatically tracking transit activity, a visual design capable of engaging users in the goal of increasing green transportation, and the results of our studies, which have implications for the design of future green applications.
Dielectric anomalies and spiral magnetic order in CoCr2O4
Creators: name: Lawes, G.
name: Melot, B.
name: Page, K.
name: Ederer, C.
name: Hayward, M. A.
name: Proffen, Th.
name: Seshadri, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have investigated the structural, magnetic, thermodynamic, and dielectric properties of polycrystalline CoCr$_2$O$_4$, an insulating spinel exhibiting both ferrimagnetic and spiral magnetic structures. Below $T_c$ = 94 K the sample develops long-range ferrimagnetic order, and we attribute a sharp phase transition at $T_N$ $\approx$ 25 K with the onset of long-range spiral magnetic order. Neutron measurements confirm that while the structure remains cubic at 80 K and at 11 K; there is complex magnetic ordering by 11 K. Density functional theory supports the view of a ferrimagnetic semiconductor with magnetic interactions consistent with non-collinear ordering. Capacitance measurements on CoCr$_2$O$_4$, show a sharp decrease in the dielectric constant at $T_N$, but also an anomaly showing thermal hysteresis falling between approximately $T$ = 50 K and $T$ = 57 K. We tentatively attribute the appearance of this higher temperature dielectric anomaly to the development of \textit{short-range} spiral magnetic order, and discuss these results in the context of utilizing dielectric spectroscopy to investigate non-collinear short-range magnetic structures.
description: & Figures
title: Journal
Creators: name: Glaude, Herby
Publisher: name: COCOON - https://cocoon.huma-num.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Créole guadeloupéen
subject: gcf

description: Conforms to: doi:10.34847/cocoon.49aefa90-8c1f-3ba8-a099-0ebefc6a2aa7
description: Petits récits quotidiens
On unwanted nucleation phenomena at the wall of a VGF chamber
Creators: name: Dreyer, Wolfgang
name: Duderstadt, Frank
name: Eichler, Stefan
name: Naldzhieva, Margarita
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: crystal growth
subject: homogeneous and heterogenous nucleation
subject: undercooled melt
subject: phase transition
subject: gallium arsenide
subject: 74N05
subject: 61.50.-f
subject: 61.82.Fk
subject: 62.10.+s
subject: 62.20.-x
subject: 64.60.Qb
subject: 64.70.Ja
subject: 68.03.Cd

description: This is preliminary study on a phenomenon that happens during crystal growth of GaAs in a vertical gradient freeze (VGF) device. Here unwanted polycrystals nucleate at the chamber wall and move into the interior of the crystal. This happens within an undercooled region in the vicinity of the triple point, where the liquid-solid interface meets the chamber wall. The size and shape of that region is modelled by the Gibbs-Thomson law, which will be rederived in this paper. Hereafter we identify the crucial parameter, whose proper adjustment may minimize the undercooled region. Finally we give a simple estimate to calculate and evaluate the energy barrier for homogeneous and heterogeneous nucleation of a solid nucleus in the undercooled melt
The ORFEUS II Echelle Spectrum of HD 93521: A reference for interstellar molecular hydrogen
Creators: name: Barnstedt, J.
name: Gringel, W.
name: Kappelmann, N.
name: Grewing, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: During the second flight of the ORFEUS-SPAS mission in November/December 1996, the Echelle spectrometer was used extensively by the Principal and Guest Investigator teams as one of the two focal plane instruments of the ORFEUS telescope. The spectrum of HD 93521 was obtained during this mission with a total integration time of 1740 s. This spectrum shows numerous sharp interstellar absorption lines. We identified 198 lines of molecular hydrogen including at least 7 lines with a high velocity component. Also most of the 67 identified interstellar metal lines are visible with a high velocity component. We present plots of the complete ORFEUS Echelle spectrum together with tables of all identified interstellar absorption lines including all 14 detectable HI lines. In addition several identified stellar lines, partially with narrow absorption components, and stellar wind lines are given in a separate table.
description: 18 pages, 33 figures
Trajectories in Multiple Group Coordination: A Field Study of Hospital Operating Suites
Creators: name: Yeqing  Ren
name: Kiesler, Sara
name: Fussell, Susan
name: Scupelli, Peter
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2007
Subjects: Applied Computer Science

description: Hospital surgery environments are dynamic and high risk. They require coordination across multiple groups whose incentives, cultures, and routines can conflict. In this paper, we describe a field study of multi-group coordination in the operating room (OR) environment. We studied work trajectories from the perspective of each group involved. Coordination breakdowns at group boundaries involving patients, doctors, nurses, and other staff led to local problem solving, but also to delays and interpersonal tension and conflict across groups. We conclude with design recommendations for multiple group coordination support that would promote trajectory awareness and learning at the organizational level
Local molecular field theory for effective attractions between like charged objects in systems with strong Coulomb interactions
Creators: name: Chen, Yng-Gwei
name: Weeks, John D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Strong short ranged positional correlations involving counterions can induce a net attractive force between negatively charged strands of DNA, and lead to the formation of ion pairs in dilute ionic solutions. But the long range of the Coulomb interactions impedes the development of a simple local picture. We address this general problem by mapping the properties of a nonuniform system with Coulomb interactions onto those of a simpler system with short ranged intermolecular interactions in an effective external field that accounts for the averaged effects of appropriately chosen long ranged and slowly varying components of the Coulomb interactions. The remaining short ranged components combine with the other molecular core interactions and strongly affect pair correlations in dense or strongly coupled systems. We show that pair correlation functions in the effective short ranged system closely resemble those in the uniform primitive model of ionic solutions, and illustrate the formation of ion pairs and clusters at low densities. The theory accurately describes detailed features of the effective attraction between two equally charged walls at strong coupling and intermediate separations of the walls. New analytical results for the minimal coupling strength needed to get any attraction and for the separation where the attractive force is a maximum are presented.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures. To be published in PNAS