cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Immune Responses to Gametocyte Antigens in a Malaria Endemic Population—The African falciparum Context: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Creators: name: Muthui, Michelle K.
name: Kamau, Alice
name: Bousema, Teun
name: Blagborough, Andrew M.
name: Bejon, Philip
name: Kapulu, Melissa C.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: immunity
subject: Plasmodium falciparum
subject: gametocytes
subject: Pfs230
subject: Pfs48/45

description: Background: Malaria elimination remains a priority research agenda with the need for interventions that reduce and/or block malaria transmission from humans to mosquitoes. Transmission-blocking vaccines (TBVs) are in development, most of which target the transmission stage (i.e., gametocyte) antigens Pfs230 and Pfs48/45. For these interventions to be implemented, there is a need to understand the naturally acquired immunity to gametocytes. Several studies have measured the prevalence of immune responses to Pfs230 and Pfs48/45 in populations in malaria-endemic areas. Methods: We conducted a systematic review of studies carried out in African populations that measured the prevalence of immune responses to the gametocyte antigens Pfs230 and Pfs48/45. We assessed seroprevalence of antibody responses to the two antigens and investigated the effects of covariates such as age, transmission intensity/endemicity, season, and parasite prevalence on the prevalence of these antibody responses by meta-regression. Results: We identified 12 studies covering 23 sites for inclusion in the analysis. We found that the range of reported seroprevalence to Pfs230 and Pfs48/45 varied widely across studies, from 0 to 64% for Pfs48/45 and from 6 to 72% for Pfs230. We also found a modest association between increased age and increased seroprevalence to Pfs230: adults were associated with higher seroprevalence estimates in comparison to children (β coefficient 0.21, 95% CI: 0.05–0.38, p = 0.042). Methodological factors were the most significant contributors to heterogeneity between studies which prevented calculation of pooled prevalence estimates. Conclusions: Naturally acquired sexual stage immunity, as detected by antibodies to Pfs230 and Pfs48/45, was present in most studies analyzed. Significant between-study heterogeneity was seen, and methodological factors were a major contributor to this, and prevented further analysis of epidemiological and biological factors. This demonstrates a need for standardized protocols for conducting and reporting seroepidemiological analyses.
title: Visualising Latent Fingermarks with Pure Organic Persistent Luminescent Materials
Creators: name: Parmenter, Ryan
Publisher: name: University of Kent
Year: 2021

description: This past decade, organic persistent luminescent materials have gained considerable research interest and have been utilised by a diverse range of scientific disciplines. Here in this research, two organic persistent luminescent materials have beeninvestigated, optimised, and prepared as fingerprint powders. Both powders were used as latent fingermark developers, following Phase 1 and 2 trials established by the International Fingerprint Research Group.The first organic persistent luminescent material,(3-Bromopropyl)triphenylphosphonium bromide, was selected from a recent publication and its photoluminescent properties were optimised. The second material investigated was 2,4,6-tri(4-pyridyl)-1,3,5-triazine. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report which claims to have achieved a persistent luminescence in, 4,6-tri(4-pyridyl)-1,3,5-triazine, without the need of inorganic doping systems.Phase 2 trials identified both powdered materials to effectively develop latent fingermarks on non-porous surfaces, with (3-bromopropyl)triphenylphosphonium,performing slightly better out of the two. In summary, this study has identified the use of alternate organic persistent luminescent materials to be used as fingermark developers, and, with further investigations, may promise effective, low-cost alternatives to the persistent luminescent fingerprint powders currently on the market.
“The thing is, kids don’t grow the same”: Parent perspectives on preschoolers’ weight and size in Soweto, South Africa
Creators: name: Klingberg, Sonja
name: Van Sluijs, Esther M. F.
name: Draper, Catherine E.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Research Article
subject: Biology and life sciences
subject: Medicine and health sciences
subject: People and places
subject: Social sciences
subject: FOS: Social sciences

description: The prevalence of overweight and obesity is high among preschool age (3–5 years) children in South Africa, and children in urban low-income settings are particularly at risk. A better understanding of how parents or caregivers of young children perceive children’s weight and size, as well as contextual factors influencing perceptions, is needed to inform interventions. The aim of this study was to examine how parents of preschool children in Soweto, South Africa, view childhood obesity, and to situate these perspectives in the context of the home environment in which preschool age children in Soweto live. Semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted with 16 parents in four neighbourhoods of Soweto. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analysed using reflexive thematic analysis following a contextualist approach. Three themes were developed: growing differently, the ‘right’ way to be, and weight is not health. These themes capture parents’ views on complex and reportedly inevitable causes of obesity, ideas about acceptable and preferred body sizes, and the low priority of weight per se compared to health. The findings suggest that childhood obesity prevention in South Africa needs to be done in a non-stigmatising way that recognises environmental and contextual factors, such as parents’ limited sense of agency in relation to their children’s health and weight, and concrete resource constraints. Environmental barriers to healthy behaviours need to be addressed in order to overcome the coexisting challenges of childhood undernutrition and obesity in urban low-income South African settings.
Gravitational Waves Emitted by a Uniformly Accelerated Mass: The Role of Zero-Rindler-Energy Modes in the Classical and Quantum Descriptions
Creators: name: Portales-Oliva, Felipe
name: Landulfo, André G. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The observation of gravitational waves opens up a new window to probe the universe and the nature of the gravitational field itself. As a result, they serve as a new and promising tool to not only test our current theories but to study different models that go beyond our current understanding. In this paper, inspired by recent successes in scalar and Maxwell electrodynamics, we analyze the role played by the (quantum) Unruh effect on the production of both classical and quantum gravitational waves by a uniformly accelerated mass. In particular, we show the fundamental role played by zero-energy (Rindler) gravitons in building up the gravitational radiation, as measured by inertial observers, emitted by the body.
description: 20 pages, 3 figures. RevTeX 4.2
Tobacco Cultivation in Latin America
Creators: name: Jorge, Tovar
name: Jorge, Tovar
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: International Development
subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Production Economics
subject: Tobacco Cultivation
subject: Direct Employment in Tobacco

description: This paper evaluates the importance of tobacco cultivation in Latin America. To this end the main variables of the sector will be analyzed, such as the quantity and value of production, the number of cultivated hectares and crop yields. The value of the sector as export strength is also studied. In addition, a comparison of direct employment generated by tobacco cultivation in tobacco countries of Latin America is created based on different sources. The results show that the production of Latin-American countries as a whole has been increasing in recent years, making the share of production of this continent close to 16% of world production. Argentina and Brazil stand out for their production to be placed among the ten largest producers in the world. The extension of cultivated area in the region reaches 13.55% of the area dedicated to tobacco in the world. The increase in production has driven a growth in the productivity of the product with a growing trend for the past several lustrums. This positive trend has been accompanied by an increase in prices paid to the grower, particularly since 2007. It is then a sector with a significant impact on the region. Tobacco cultivation has the capacity of generating 650,000 direct jobs and exporting U.S. $ 3,788 million annually. Considering the analysis only involves direct employment, these figures are very significant.
Thermodynamical Test of Non Extensive Thermostatistics
Creators: name: Martinez, S.
name: Pennini, F.
name: Plastino, A.
name: Vucetich, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An ideal mixture of parahydrogen (with nuclear spin K=0) and orthohydrogen (with K=1), in statistical weights 1/4 and 3/4, respectively, is used as a test ground for the existence of non-extensivity in chemical physics. We report on a new bound on the non extensivity parameter q - 1 that characterizes generalized thermostatistics a la Tsallis. This bound is obtained on the basis of laboratory measurements of the specific heat of hydrogen. Suggestions are advanced for the performance of improved measurements.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure
Effect of date of planting on the growth and leaf yield of Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana)
Creators: name: Khan, A.R.
name: Chowdhury, S.H.
name: Karim, M.M.
name: Khan, A.R.
name: Chowdhury, S.H.
name: Karim, M.M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Date of planting
subject: Yield
subject: Stevia

description: An experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh from December 2009 to March 2011 to determine the effect of date of planting on growth and leaf yield of Stevia. The experiment comprised 24 dates of planting in the year of 2010 viz. 1 January (T1), 15 January (T2), 1 February (T3), 15 February (T4), 1 March (T5), 15 March (T6), 1 April (T7), 15 April (T8), 1 May (T9), 15 May (T10), 1 June (T11), 15 June (T12), 1 July (T13), 15 July (T14), 1 August (T15), 15 August (T16), 1 September (T17), 15 September (T18), 1 October (T19), 15 October (T20), 1 November (T21), 15 November (T22), 1 December (T23) and 15 December (T24). The experiment was laid out in a Complete Randomized Design with three replications. Twenty four dates of planting were included in the experiment in 72 earthen pots (24 X 3) of 30 cm diameter X 30 cm height. Stem cuttings were placed in shaded seed bed for root initiation. Twenty one - day old stem cuttings were used as planting material. Stem cuttings were transplanted in the pots on the specific dates. Different dates of planting had significant effect on the growth and yield parameters. 1 April 2010 (T7) planting proved to be the superior to the other treatments i.e. plant height (68.50cm), number of leaves plant-1 (142.33), number of primary branches plant-1 (37.33), fresh weight of leaves plant-1 (14.11g), fresh weight of primary and secondary branches plant-1 (11.06g and 20.91g), dry weight of leaves plant-1 (3.38g) which might be due to warm environmental conditions like clear sunshine and high temperature. The overall results suggested that stevia seedlings may be planted from 15 February to 30 April for better yield of leaves.
Timing of the Infancy-Childhood Growth Transition in Rural Gambia
Creators: name: Bernstein, Robin M.
name: O'Connor, G. Kesler
name: Vance, Eric A.
name: Affara, Nabeel
name: Drammeh, Saikou
name: Dunger, David B.
name: Faal, Abdoulie
name: Ong, Ken K.
name: Sosseh, Fatou
name: Prentice, Andrew M.
name: Moore, Sophie E.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Endocrinology
infancy
childhood
growth
infancy-childhood transition
hormonal growth regulation

description: The Karlberg model of human growth describes the infancy, childhood, and puberty (ICP) stages as continuous and overlapping, and defined by transitions driven by sequential additional effects of several endocrine factors that shape the growth trajectory and resultant adult size. Previous research has suggested that a delayed transition from the infancy to the childhood growth stage contributes to sub-optimal growth outcomes. A new method developed to analyze the structure of centile crossing in early life has emerged as a potential tool for identifying the infancy-childhood transition (ICT), through quantifying patterns of adjacent monthly weight-for-age z-score (WAZ) deviation correlations. Using this method, the infancy-childhood transition was identified as taking place at around 12 months of age in two cohorts of UK infants. Here, we apply this method to data collected as part of a longitudinal growth study in rural Gambia [the Hormonal and Epigenetic Regulators of Growth, or HERO-G study, N = 212 (F = 99, M = 113)], in order to identify the ICT and assess whether timing of this transition differs across groups based on sex or birth seasonality. We calculated Pearson correlation coefficients for adjacent monthly WAZ score deviations. Based on the patterns of change in the correlation structure over time, our results suggest that the infancy-childhood transition occurs at around 9 months of age in rural Gambian infants. This points to an accelerated ICT compared to UK infants, rather than a delayed ICT. A comparatively later transition, seen in UK infants, allows maximal extension of the high rates of growth during the infancy stage; an earlier transition as seen in Gambian infants cuts short this period of rapid growth, potentially impacting on growth outcomes in childhood while diverting energy into other processes critical to responses to acute infectious challenges. Growth in later developmental stages in this population offers an extended window for catch-up.
Average Entropy of a Subsystem from its Average Tsallis Entropy
Creators: name: Malacarne, L. C.
name: Mendes, R. S.
name: Lenzi, E. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the nonextensive Tsallis scenario, Page's conjecture for the average entropy of a subsystem[Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 71}, 1291(1993)] as well as its demonstration are generalized, i.e., when a pure quantum system, whose Hilbert space dimension is $mn$, is considered, the average Tsallis entropy of an $m$-dimensional subsystem is obtained. This demonstration is expected to be useful to study systems where the usual entropy does not give satisfactory results.
description: Revtex, 6 pages, 2 figures. To appear in Phys. Rev. E
The feasibility of crop diversification in rice based cropping systems in haor ecosystem
Creators: name: Shopan, J.
name: Bhuiya, M.S.U.
name: Kader, M.A.
name: Hasan, M.K.
name: Shopan, J.
name: Bhuiya, M.S.U.
name: Kader, M.A.
name: Hasan, M.K.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Crop diversification
subject: Cropping system
subject: Haor
subject: Seasonal flood

description: An experiment was conducted in five farmers’ field in Dingaputa haor of Purba Tetulia village, Mohangonj Upazila in Netrakona district during the period from 20 July 2010 to 15 May 2011. The objective of the study was to determine the feasibility of growing short duration vegetable and oil crops in seasonal fallow of Boro rice-Fallow-Fallow cropping patterns in terms of both combined yields and economic performance. Six short duration vegetables such as potato, red amaranth, stem amaranth, spinach, radish and mustard were the first crops and Boro rice (var. BRRI dhan28) was the second crop. Thus there were six types of cropping patterns Potato-Boro rice- Seasonal flood, Red amaranth-Boro rice- Seasonal flood, Stem amaranth-Boro rice- Seasonal flood, Spinach-Boro rice- Seasonal flood, Radish-Boro rice- Seasonal flood and Musturd-Boro rice- Seasonal flood. The agronomic productivity (rice equivalent yield t ha-1) of the cropping patterns Potato-Boro rice- Seasonal flood, Red amaranth-Boro rice- Seasonal flood, Stem amarnth-Boro rice- Seasonal flood, Spinach-Boro rice- Seasonal flood, Radish-Boro rice- Seasonal flood and Mustard-Boro rice- Seasonal flood were 22.42, 15.47, 17.04, 17.79, 22.11 and 11.56 t ha-1, respectively with economic productivity (gross return Tk ha-1) of 364162.50, 251712.50, 276900.00, 292012.50, 359125.00 and 187850.00, respectively and the benefit cost ratio of 1.88, 1.52, 1.65, 1.69, 1.75 and 1.12, respectively From diversification practices in Dingaputa haor ecosystem Potato-Boro rice- Seasonal flood and Radish-Boro riceSeasonal flood cropping patterns were found to be the most dominant cropping patterns in economic terms.
Associations of the objective built environment along the route to school with children’s modes of commuting: A multilevel modelling analysis (the SLIC study)
Creators: name: Bosch, Lander S. M. M.
name: Wells, Jonathan C. K.
name: Lum, Sooky
name: Reid, Alice M.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Research Article
subject: Earth sciences
subject: Social sciences
subject: FOS: Social sciences
subject: Biology and life sciences
subject: Medicine and health sciences
subject: Ecology and environmental sciences
subject: People and places

description: Funder: Gonville and Caius College, University of Cambridge; funder-id: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000622
description: As active commuting levels continue to decline among primary schoolchildren, evidence about which built environmental characteristics influence walking or cycling to school remains inconclusive and is strongly context-dependent. This study aimed to identify the objective built environmental drivers of, and barriers to, active commuting to school for a multi-ethnic sample of 1,889 healthy primary schoolchildren (aged 5–11) in London, UK. Using cross-sectional multilevel ordered logistic regression modelling, supported by the spatial exploration of built environmental characteristics through cartography, the objective built environment was shown to be strongly implicated in children’s commuting behaviour. In line with earlier research, proximity to school emerged as the prime variable associated with the choice for active commuting. However, other elements of the urban form were also significantly associated with children’s use of active or passive modes of transport. High levels of accidents, crime and air pollution along the route to school were independently correlated with a lower likelihood of children walking or cycling to school. Higher average and minimum walkability and higher average densities of convenience stores along the way were independently linked to higher odds of active commuting. The significance of the relations for crime, air pollution and walkability disappeared in the fully-adjusted model including all built environmental variables. In contrast, relationships with proximity, traffic danger and the food environment were maintained in this comprehensive model. Black children, pupils with obesity, younger participants and those from high socioeconomic families were less likely to actively commute to school. There is thus a particular need to ensure that roads with high volumes of actively commuting children are kept safe and clean, and children’s exposure to unhealthy food options along the way is limited. Moreover, as short commuting distances are strongly correlated with walking or cycling, providing high-quality education near residential areas might incite active transport to school.
Weak axial nuclear heavy meson exchange currents and interactions of solar neutrinos with deuterons
Creators: name: Mosconi, B.
name: Ricci, P.
name: Truhlik, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Starting from the axial heavy meson exchange currents, constructed earlier in conjunction with the Bethe--Salpeter equation, we first present the axial $ρ$--, $ω$-- and $a_1$ meson exchange Feynman amplitudes that satisfy the partial conservation of the axial current. Employing these amplitudes, we derive the corresponding weak axial heavy meson exchange currents in the leading order in the 1/M expansion ($M$ is the nucleon mass), suitable for the nuclear physics calculations beyond the threshold energies and with wave functions obtained by solving the Schrödinger equation with one--boson exchange potentials. The constructed currents obey the nuclear form of the partial conservation of the axial current. We apply the space component of these currents in calculations of the cross sections for the disintegration of deuterons by low energy (anti)neutrinos. The deuteron and the final state nucleon--nucleon wave functions are derived (i) from a variant of the OBEPQB potential, and (ii) from the Nijmegen 93 and Nijmegen I nucleon-nucleon interaction. The extracted values of the constant $L_{1, A}$, entering the axial exchange currents of the pionless effective field theory, are in a reasonable agreement with its value predicted by the dimensional analysis.
description: 34 pages, 3 figures, 11 tables
Finding Optimal Triangulations Parameterized by Edge Clique Cover
Creators: name: Korhonen, Tuukka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We consider problems that can be formulated as a task of finding an optimal triangulation of a graph w.r.t. some notion of optimality. We present algorithms parameterized by the size of a minimum edge clique cover ($cc$) to such problems. This parameterization occurs naturally in many problems in this setting, e.g., in the perfect phylogeny problem $cc$ is at most the number of taxa, in fractional hypertreewidth $cc$ is at most the number of hyperedges, and in treewidth of Bayesian networks $cc$ is at most the number of non-root nodes. We show that the number of minimal separators of graphs is at most $2^{cc}$, the number of potential maximal cliques is at most $3^{cc}$, and these objects can be listed in times $O^*(2^{cc})$ and $O^*(3^{cc})$, respectively, even when no edge clique cover is given as input; the $O^*(\cdot)$ notation omits factors polynomial in the input size. These enumeration algorithms imply $O^*(3^{cc})$ time algorithms for problems such as treewidth, weighted minimum fill-in, and feedback vertex set. For generalized and fractional hypertreewidth we give $O^*(4^m)$ time and $O^*(3^m)$ time algorithms, respectively, where $m$ is the number of hyperedges. When an edge clique cover of size $cc'$ is given as a part of the input we give $O^*(2^{cc'})$ time algorithms for treewidth, minimum fill-in, and chordal sandwich. This implies an $O^*(2^n)$ time algorithm for perfect phylogeny, where $n$ is the number of taxa. We also give polynomial space algorithms with time complexities $O^*(9^{cc'})$ and $O^*(9^{cc + O(\log^2 cc)})$ for problems in this framework.
description: 28 pages, 3 figures, appeared in IPEC'20, to appear in Algorithmica special issue of IPEC'20
Additional file 1: of One-step partial or complete caries removal and bonding with antibacterial or traditional self-etch adhesives: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Creators: name: Villat, Cyril
name: Attal, Jean-Pierre
name: Brulat, Nathalie
name: Decup, Franck
name: Doméjean, Sophie
name: Dursun, Elisabeth
name: Fron-Chabouis, Hélène
name: Jacquot, Bruno
name: Bolla, Michèle Muller
name: Plasse-Pradelle, Nelly
name: Roche, Laurent
name: Maucort-Boulch, Delphine
name: Nony, Patrice
name: Gritsch, Kerstin
name: Millet, Pierre
name: Gueyffier, François
name: Grosgogeat, Brigitte
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: SPIRIT checklist of the trial. (DOC 133 KB)
Polyakov-Alvarez type comparison formulas for determinants of Laplacians on Riemann surfaces with conical singularities
Creators: name: Kalvin, Victor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary: 58J52, 47A10, 30F45, Secondary: 14H81

description: We present and prove Polyakov-Alvarez type comparison formulas for the determinants of Friederichs extensions of Laplacians corresponding to conformally equivalent metrics on a compact Riemann surface with conical singularities. In particular, we find how the determinants depend on the orders of conical singularities. We also illustrate these general results with several examples: based on our Polyakov-Alvarez type formulas we recover known and obtain new explicit formulas for determinants of Laplacians on singular surfaces with and without boundary. In one of the examples we show that on the metrics of constant curvature on a sphere with two conical singularities and fixed area $4π$ the determinant of Friederichs Laplacian is unbounded from above and attains its local maximum on the metric of standard round sphere. In another example we deduce the famous Aurell-Salomonson formula for the determinant of Friederichs Laplacian on polyhedra with spherical topology, thus providing the formula with mathematically rigorous proof.
title: Supramolecular Self-associating Amphiphiles (SSAs)
Creators: name: White, Lisa Jane
Publisher: name: University of Kent
Year: 2021

description: This thesis reports the synthesis of 30 structurally related compounds, related by stepwise variation of a hydrogen bond donor-acceptor amphiphilic salt. The self-associative and corresponding global properties of these compounds were investigated in the solid state, solution state and gas phase to enable elucidation of any structure-activity relationships. In the solution state, it was established that the molecular self-association of these compounds could be controlled through modification of the solvent environment. In organic DMSO these compounds principally form dimeric species and in an aqueous environment, spherical aggregates were preferentially formed. The addition of salt to the aqueous solution resulted in the generation of a hydrogel. The physicochemical properties and antimicrobial properties of these gelated materials were then investigated, where it was shown that these hydrogels exhibit antimicrobial properties against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. Finally, a tool-kit of novel high-throughput microplate reader technology was developed to assess the presence of dimers, spherical aggregates or fibres in the solution state.
Igerna himalayensis C.A.Viraktamath 2011, sp. nov.
Creators: name: C. A. Viraktamath
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Cicadellidae
Igerna
Igerna himalayensis

description: Igerna himalayensis sp. nov.
Figs 321–326.
 Color. Ochraceous. Vertex with two large round black spots and median black line continued on face as inverted Tshaped patch enclosing ocelli. Most of lower part of face black. Broad triangular patch covering most of pronotum black except fuscous spot on pronotum behind eye and posterior submargin of pronotum. Scutellum black except posterior margin beyond median impressed line, dark fuscous. Forewings testaceous.
 Morphology. Face including eyes as wide as long. Ocelli closer to adjacent eyes than to each other.
 Male genitalia. Caudal lobe of pygofer rounded with mesal lobe ending in pair of teeth. Styles with inner arm slightly longer than outer one. Connective heavily pigmented, longer than broad, apical half thin, lamellate and bilobed. Aedeagus with poorly developed dorsal apodeme, preatrium short, stout with pair of subequal spine-like processes, shaft strongly curved caudally, apex drawn into thin process, gonopore subapical, surrounded on lower margin by collar, laterally by unequal processes and shaft prolonged beyond gonopore into elongate process (Fig.326). Anal collar caudoventrally directed, apically pointed.
 Female genitalia. Hind margin of seventh sternite shallowly, concavely excavated in middle.
 Measurements. Male and female 3.3 mm long, 1.1 mm wide across eyes.
 Material examined. INDIA: HOLOTYPE ♂, West Bengal: E. Himalayas: Kurseong 4700–5000 ft (1425– 1517 m), 20.vi.1910, Annanadale, 2521/21, Indian Museum (BMNH). PARATYPES: INDIA: West Bengal: 1 ♀, Kurseong, 5000 ft (1517 m), E. Himalayas, 5.vii.1908, N.Annandale, from Indian Museum, Distant Coll. B.M. 1911-383(BMNH).
 Remarks. The right fore and hind wings and most of legs are mutilated and left wings are entirely missing in the unique male. Distant’s manuscript name “ himalayensis ” (on the specimen with the word “ Type ”) is retained for the species. I. himalayensis and I. darjeelingensis resemble male Japanagallia in coloration but can be distinguished by the absence of claval cross veins and shape of the vertex. This species has unique male genitalia and can be distinguished from other species of Igerna by its pronotal coloration and peculiar aedeagus.
description: Published as part of C. A. Viraktamath, 2011, Revision of the Oriental and Australian Agalliini (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Megophthalminae) 2844, pp. 1-118 in Zootaxa 2844 on page 69
Anisotropy of p states and 11B nuclear spin-lattice relaxation in (Mg,Al)B2
Creators: name: Belashchenko, K. D.
name: Antropov, V. P.
name: Rashkeev, S. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculated the nuclear spin-lattice relaxation rate in the (Mg,Al)B2 system and found that the orbital relaxation mechanism dominates over the dipolar and Fermi-contact mechanisms in MgB2, whereas in AlB2 due to a smaller density of states and strong anisotropy of boron p orbitals the relaxation is completely determined by Fermi-contact interaction. The results for MgB2 are compared with existing experimental data, whereas our results for the doped alloy and AlB2 can be used in future experiments to verify the theoretical predictions about the electronic structure of this system.
description: 3 pages, 1 figure
Scenarios and roadmapping - how to navigate an uncertain future
Creators: name: Ringland, Gill
name: Ilevbare, Imoh
name: Athanassopoulou, Nikoletta
name: Greenaway, Anna-Marie
name: Phaal, Robert
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020

description: Scenario planning and roadmapping are both well established processes for exploring possible futures. Roadmapping for technology foresight provides a framework for investigating technology developments, interrelationships and critical timescales. However it is increasingly important when new technologies and consumer adoption co-evolve that paradigm changes in the wider social and economic environment are taken into account. A strength of scenario planning is in exploring social and economic factors and hence scenarios can provide the futures context for a roadmapping exercise. Both processes are often used in group work modes over days or months, which allows for stakeholder consensus to develop. This paper describes how scenario planning and roadmapping were combined within a workshop to gather a wide range of external and internal inputs and to challenge organisational thinking. The paper discusses how the process was achieved in one day, the benefits of this arrangement and also its limitations and how to mitigate them.
Crystalline Color Superconductivity: Effective Lagrangian and Phonon Dispersion Law
Creators: name: Casalbuoni, R.
name: Gatto, R.
name: Nardulli, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recent study by Bowers and Rajagopal on the possible structures for the QCD crystalline color superconducting phase favors a cubic structure and allows for a first discussion of the QCD dynamics in the crystalline phase. The cubic structure leads to complete breaking of traslation invariance and to three phonon modes. We discuss the expected form of the effective Lagrangian and the phonon dispersion laws assuming the proposed crystal structure. Besides the interest for QCD and the related possible relevance to compact stars these considerations may become useful to atomic systems exhibiting crystalline superfluidity.
description: Final version to be published on Physics Letters, 16 pages, 2 figures
Starch and flour extraction and nutrient composition of tuber in seven cassava accessions
Creators: name: Fakir, M.S.A.
name: Jannat, M.
name: Mostafa, M.G.
name: Seal, H.
name: Fakir, M.S.A.
name: Jannat, M.
name: Mostafa, M.G.
name: Seal, H.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Cassava roots
subject: DM
subject: HCN
subject: Proximate composition

description: Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) roots (tubers) are used as staple food. Starch extracted from tubers is widely utilized as raw materials in industries. Dry matter (DM) content, starch and flour extraction and proximate composition were investigated in seven cassava accessions (Coc-A1, Kh-A2, Cow-A3, Sa-A4, Me-A5, Va-A6 and Sy-A8.) in 2010- 2011. Leaf DM varied from 20.51% in Me-A5 to 29.01% in Sy-A8; that of stem from 27.24% in Va-A6 to 32.10% (average of Sy-A8, Me-A5 and Sa-A4); and that of tuber from 37.30% in Kh-A2 to 45.26% in Sy-A8. Starch was extracted by blending chopped tuber followed by decantation. Tubers were sliced, sun dried and milled into flour. Tuber starch content (fresh wt. basis) varied between 15.04% in Sy-A8 and 24.97% (average of Coc-A1 and Me-A5); that of peel from 4.54% in Va-A6 to 5.85% in Coc-A1. Crude protein varied from 1.80% (average of Kh-A2, Cow-A3 and Sy-A8) to 4.53% in Va-A6. Crude fiber content varied from 1.95% (average of Sa-A4 and Coc-A1) to 4.27% in Cow-A3. Cyanogens present in cassava plant escape as hydrogen cyanide (HCN) during harvesting and processing. Variation for HCN existed and it was 140.95 mg/kg fresh tuber (average of Sy-A8 and Coc-A1) to 546.0 mg/kg fresh tuber in Va-A6. There was no detectable HCN in the extracted flour and starch. It may be concluded that genetic variation for DM, starch, protein and HCN existed in seven cassava accessions, and Coc-A1 may be a better one due to its lower HCN, higher DM and starch content.
Igerna keyae C.A.Viraktamath 2011, sp. nov.
Creators: name: C. A. Viraktamath
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Cicadellidae
Igerna
Igerna keyae

description: Igerna keyae sp. nov.
Figs 333–342.
 Color. Ochraceous with dark brown to black markings on head and pronotum (Figs 333, 334). Forewings chocolate brown, posterior 0.75 area of clavus, costal area except base, paler. Legs chocolate brown, meso and meta coxae, apices of femora and bases of tibiae, ochraceous.
 Morphology. Face including eyes about as wide as long. Ocelli closer to adjacent eyes than to each other.
 Male genitalia. Caudal lobe of pygofer produced dorsally into spine with small denticle on caudal margin at base of spine. Connective and aedeagus apparently fused, basal part of aedeagus surrounded by connective in lateral aspect, dorsal apodeme well developed, aedeagal shaft slender directed caudally with pair of apical slender processes curved anteriorly and about 0.75 as long as shaft, each process with basal angular projection, gonopore on ventral margin between bases of apical processes. Anal collar process dorsally produced, slender and apically curved into hook.
 Measurements. Male 3.95 mm long and 1.2 mm wide across eyes.
 Material examined. HOLOTYPE ♂, INDIA: Sikkim, Gangtok, 2123 m, 9.vi.2005, C.A. Viraktamath (UASB).
 Remarks. This species is distinctive in possessing a pair of long, recurved, apical processes on the aedeagal shaft. It resembles Igerna violacea (Distant) in the structure of the aedeagus but the aedeagus is much smaller and has much longer processes compared to I. violacea.
description: Published as part of C. A. Viraktamath, 2011, Revision of the Oriental and Australian Agalliini (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Megophthalminae) 2844, pp. 1-118 in Zootaxa 2844 on pages 69-72
title: Mechanisms of Moral Derogation Towards Social Movement Supporters
Creators: name: Chung, Chuan-Ren Isaac
Publisher: name: University of Kent
Year: 2021

description: Social movements aim to mobilise support from the society to achieve their goals, but in reality, they often face opponents who object to their propositions. This research focuses on a particular group of opponents-those who profess to accept a movement goal, such as protection of animal rights raised by vegan movement, but disagree with its claim, such as adopting a vegan lifestyle. The purpose of the research is to identify ways in which these opponents morally derogate supporters of a movement claim, either as a result of their opposition to the claim, or in order to further buttress their stance against the claim.Based on personal observation of dialogues surrounding social movements and related theories such as the theory of do-gooder derogation (Monin, 2007), I developed a number of derogation mechanisms that could be employed to disparage social movement supporters. Study 1 conducted a thematic analysis of participants' responses to supporters of movements (i.e., feminist and vegan movements, identified by a pilot study), and the results were incorporated into the revision of the list of derogation mechanisms. Study 2 examined the factor structure of the revised derogation mechanisms, and investigated the relationship between participants' endorsements of the revised moral mechanisms and their agreements with the movement goals and claims.This research revealed an overall negative association between endorsements of the mechanisms and support for movement claims, and also showed that different orientation of a movement claim (liberty vs. justice) tended to elicit different types of derogation mechanisms (character-focused vs. consequence-focused). Its implications for both social movement studies and research on do-gooder derogation were discussed.
Forecasting future action sequences with attention: a new approach to weakly supervised action forecasting
Creators: name: Ng, Yan Bin
name: Fernando, Basura
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Future human action forecasting from partial observations of activities is an important problem in many practical applications such as assistive robotics, video surveillance and security. We present a method to forecast actions for the unseen future of the video using a neural machine translation technique that uses encoder-decoder architecture. The input to this model is the observed RGB video, and the objective is to forecast the correct future symbolic action sequence. Unlike prior methods that make action predictions for some unseen percentage of video one for each frame, we predict the complete action sequence that is required to accomplish the activity. We coin this task action sequence forecasting. To cater for two types of uncertainty in the future predictions, we propose a novel loss function. We show a combination of optimal transport and future uncertainty losses help to improve results. We extend our action sequence forecasting model to perform weakly supervised action forecasting on two challenging datasets, the Breakfast and the 50Salads. Specifically, we propose a model to predict actions of future unseen frames without using frame level annotations during training. Using Fisher vector features, our supervised model outperforms the state-of-the-art action forecasting model by 0.83% and 7.09% on the Breakfast and the 50Salads datasets respectively. Our weakly supervised model is only 0.6% behind the most recent state-of-the-art supervised model and obtains comparable results to other published fully supervised methods, and sometimes even outperforms them on the Breakfast dataset. Most interestingly, our weakly supervised model outperforms prior models by 1.04% leveraging on proposed weakly supervised architecture, and effective use of attention mechanism and loss functions.
title: Investigating mechanisms of acquired drug resistance in Triple Negative Breast Cancer
Creators: name: Grimsley, Helen Elizabeth
Publisher: name: University of Kent
Year: 2021

description: Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive, heterogenous, metastatic disease characterised by lack of oestrogen, progesterone and human epidermal growth factor 2 receptors. Due to the lack of druggable targets, chemotherapy remains the mainstay of treatment. Whilst patients initially respond to this therapy, they often relapse due to acquired drug resistance. Given the poor outlook, it is evident that an appropriate second line therapy is required following chemoresistance, as well as clinically relevant biomarkers to identify when this change of therapy is required.To address this, a panel of six chemotherapeutic agents and 16 inhibitors of the DNA damage response and repair (DDR) pathways were evaluated as potential second line therapy options against a panel of three chemo-naive and 15 chemo-resistant TNBC cell lines. This showed that the PARP inhibitors, olaparib and rucaparib, and the chemotherapeutic agent, doxorubicin, may be ineffective as second treatment strategies for chemo-refractory TNBC, whilst inhibitors targeting CHK2, RAD51 recombinase and PLK1 may be effective. Analysis of the TNBC cell lines exome sequencing data, in combination with data extracted from The Cancer Genome Atlas, identified 70 genes as candidate biomarkers of chemoresistance. This included a loss of function frameshift variant in TOP2A within the doxorubicin resistant cell line, HCC1806rDOX12.5, as a candidate biomarker of doxorubicin resistance. SiRNA mediated knockdown of TOP2A in the chemo-naive cell line, HCC1806, confirmed a doxorubicin resistance phenotype.In conclusion, this thesis provides a novel insight into the use of chemotherapeutic agents and DDR inhibitors as a potential second line therapy options after the emergence of chemoresistance in TNBC. It identified 70 clinically relevant candidate biomarkers of chemoresistance, and provides new avenues of research for further exploration of these findings. The work presented in this thesis has the potential to advance understanding of chemoresistance in the clinic and improve the outcome of patients with chemo-refractory TNBC.
The Universal Approximation Property
Creators: name: Kratsios, Anastasis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 68T07, 47B33, 47A16, 68T05, 30L05, 46M40, 47B33

description: The universal approximation property of various machine learning models is currently only understood on a case-by-case basis, limiting the rapid development of new theoretically justified neural network architectures and blurring our understanding of our current models' potential. This paper works towards overcoming these challenges by presenting a characterization, a representation, a construction method, and an existence result, each of which applies to any universal approximator on most function spaces of practical interest. Our characterization result is used to describe which activation functions allow the feed-forward architecture to maintain its universal approximation capabilities when multiple constraints are imposed on its final layers and its remaining layers are only sparsely connected. These include a rescaled and shifted Leaky ReLU activation function but not the ReLU activation function. Our construction and representation result is used to exhibit a simple modification of the feed-forward architecture, which can approximate any continuous function with non-pathological growth, uniformly on the entire Euclidean input space. This improves the known capabilities of the feed-forward architecture.
Reproductive efficiency methods and their relationship with siliqua production in Mustard
Creators: name: Islam, A.
name: Fakir, M.S.A.
name: Islam, A.
name: Fakir, M.S.A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Brassica campestris
subject: Siliqua
subject: Reproductive efficiency
subject: Correlation
subject: Path analysis

description: Five reproductive efficiency methods (REM) were evaluated under field condition to measure yield in 12 varieties of Brassica campestris L. in 2005 and 2006 at Mymensingh (240 75′ N latitude and 900 50′ E longitude) based on flower and siliqua production and total reproductive unit (TRU- number of buds, flowers, siliqua and number of empty pedicels). Five REMs were estimated and they were REM-I [ (Mature siliqua ÷ TRU) × 100]; REM-II [(Mature siliqua ÷ Flower number) × 100]; REM-III [{(Mature siliqua + Immature siliqua) ÷ TRU} × 100]; REM-IV[{(Mature siliqua + Immature siliqua) ÷ Flower number} ×100]; and REM-V [(Flower number ÷ TRU) × 100]. Siliqua number plant-1 showed positive and significant relationship with TRU (r=0.869** and 0.713** in 2005 and 2006, respectively) and flower number (r=0.984** and 0.834** in 2005 and 2006, respectively). Path analysis revealed that there exited high positive direct effect of siliqua number with sink (flower) number (0.655 and 0.714 in 2005 and 2006, respectively) and TRU (0.201 and 0.252 in 2005 and 2006, respectively). Among the REMs, REM-III had high positive direct effect with only siliqua production (1.331 and 0.899 in 2005 and 2006, respectively). For the first time we report REMs in mustard that number of sink production is an important index of siliqua yield and REM-III appears more reliable method of estimating RE in Brassica campestris.
Coherent bubble-sum approximation for coupled-channel resonance scattering
Creators: name: Ligterink, N. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For coupled-channel resonance scattering we derive a model with a closed form solution for the $T$-matrix that satisfies unitarity and analyticity. The two-channel case is handled explicitly for an arbitrary number of resonances. The method focuses on the expansion of the transition matrix elements, $Γ(s)$, in known analytical functions. The appropriate hadronic form factors and the related energy shifts can be determined from the scattering data. The differences between this method and the $K$-matrix and the Breit-Wigner approximation are illustrated in the case of the $S_{11}$ resonances $S_{11}(1535)$ and $S_{11}(1650)$.
description: 8 pages, 1 figure, code available from http://www.phyast.pitt.edu/~norbertl/bubblegum2/