cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The oral interaction of native speakers and non-native speakers in a multicultural preschool : a comparison between freeplay and contrived NS/NNS dyads
Creators: name: Kennedy, Elizabeth Anne
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: While researchers generally recommend a 1:1 ratio of native speakers (NSs) to non-native speakers (NNSs) be maintained in multicultural preschool classrooms, these- ideal proportions are often unrealistic in regions where populations reflect high concentrations of ethnic groups. In these areas, where enrolments usually consist of a majority of NNSs, pedagogical modifications may be necessary to ensure second language learners are exposed to sufficient amounts of 'meaningful target language input' which is considered essential for second language acquisition (Krashen, 1979). This study investigated the effects of deliberate pairing on NSs and those NNSs who had low English language proficiency (L) in one multicultural preschool where NNSs outnumbered NSs by 3:1. Four NS subjects were videotaped, employing a multiple baseline design, as they interacted with their peers during a math game activity time. The effects of the treatment on four interactional measures were analysed using Ruvusky's statistic. Results, as predicted, indicated significant differences for three of the four measures. When deliberately paired, both NSs and NNSs(L) took more turns, and NSs uttered significantly more directives to their NNS(L) peers than they did during the freeplay situation. -Deliberate pairing of NSs and NNSs(L) has been shown to be a successful technique for exposing NNSs(L) to increased levels of target language input in this multicultural preschool. Implications for teachers are outlined and the role of NSs in multicultural classrooms is discussed.
Minimal Open Strings
Creators: name: Hosomichi, Kazuo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study FZZT-branes and open string amplitudes in (p,q) minimal string theory. We focus on the simplest boundary changing operators in two-matrix models, and identify the corresponding operators in worldsheet theory through the comparison of amplitudes. Along the way, we find a novel linear relation among FZZT boundary states in minimal string theory. We also show that the boundary ground ring is realized on physical open string operators in a very simple manner, and discuss its use for perturbative computation of higher open string amplitudes.
description: 14 pages, 1 figure, 1 reference added
Navier-Stokes equations and forward-backward SDEs on the group of diffeomorphisms of a torus
Creators: name: Cruzeiro, Ana Bela
name: Shamarova, Evelina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60H10; 35Q30; 58J65; 58B20

description: We establish a connection between the strong solution to the spatially periodic Navier-Stokes equations and a solution to a system of forward-backward stochastic differential equations (FBSDEs) on the group of volume-preserving diffeomorphisms of a flat torus. We construct representations of the strong solution to the Navier-Stokes equations in terms of diffusion processes.
On Inconvenient Images: Exploring the Design Space of Engaging Climate Change Visualizations for Public Audiences
Creators: name: Windhager, Florian
name: Schreder, Günther
name: Mayr, Eva
Publisher: name: The Eurographics Association
Year: 2019
Subjects: Human
centered computing
Information visualization
General and reference
Surveys and overviews
Applied computing
Environmental sciences

description: If there ever was a model theme for information visualization, climate change arguably checks all the boxes. Omnipresent and relevant, yet abstract and statistical by nature, as well as invisible for the naked eye - climate change is a subject matter in need for perception and cognition support par excellence. Consequently, a large number of data journalists and science communicators utilize visual representations of climate change data to provide (a) information, and to (b) raise consciousness and encourage behavioral adaptation. Multiple design strategies have been developed to make the complex (non-)phenomenon accessible for visual perception and reasoning of public audiences. Despite of its obvious societal relevance, the visualization community has not had a systematic look at this nascent application field until now. With this paper we aim to close this gap and survey climate change visualizations to explore their design space. With specific regard to visualizations geared to inform non-expert users in the context of journalism and science communication, we analyze a sample of representations to document design choices and communication strategies, including options of persuasive and engaging design.
description: Workshop on Visualisation in Environmental Sciences (EnvirVis)
description: Weather and Climate
description: 1
description: 8
description: Florian Windhager, Günther Schreder, and Eva Mayr
description: CCS Concepts: Human-centered computing-->Information visualization; General and reference-->Surveys and overviews; Applied computing-->Environmental sciences
Lignin and its carbon derivatives: Synthesis techniques and their energy storage applications
Creators: name: Muddasar, Muhammad
name: Culebras, Mario
name: Collins, Maurice
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 40
subject: Engineering

description: Lignin, a complex phenolic polymer abundantly present in the papermaking and biofuel industries, stands out as a cost-effective, plentiful, and non-toxic material. In recent years, there has been significant interest in utilizing this green biopolymer for energy storage devices. This review thoroughly examines lignin structure, chemistry, and classification based on separation techniques. It then explores the most recent breakthroughs in creating carbon materials (nanosheets, nanofibers, spheres, composites, and 3D hierarchical porous carbon) from lignin, discussing its versatility in supercapacitors and batteries. Finally, this study highlights future materials and their prospects, the critical challenges which must be addressed while suggesting future research avenues for lignin-derived carbon materials in energy storage. By combining insights from different studies, this review aims to offer readers a thorough understanding of how lignin-derived carbon materials could play a crucial role in promoting sustainable energy solutions.
Modeling Excitable Systems: Reentrant Tachycardia
Creators: name: Lancaster, Jarrett L.
name: Leise, Esther M.
name: Hellen, Edward H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Excitable membranes are an important type of nonlinear dynamical system and their study can be used to provide a connection between physical and biological circuits. We discuss two models of excitable membranes important in cardiac and neural tissues. One model is based on the Fitzhugh-Nagumo equations and the other is based on a three-transistor excitable circuit. We construct a circuit that simulates reentrant tachycardia and its treatment by surgical ablation. This project is appropriate for advanced undergraduates as a laboratory capstone project, or as a senior thesis or honors project, and can also be a collaborative project, with one student responsible for the computational predictions and another for the circuit construction and measurements.
description: 9 pages, twocolumn, revised and published in American Journal of Physics
Topology-based Feature Detection in Climate Data
Creators: name: Kappe, Christopher P.
name: Böttinger, Michael
name: Leitte, Heike
Publisher: name: The Eurographics Association
Year: 2019
Subjects: Human
centered computing
Geographic visualization
Applied computing
Environmental sciences

description: The weather and climate research community needs to analyze increasingly large datasets, mostly obtained by observations or produced by simulations. Ensemble simulation techniques, which are used to capture uncertainty, add a further dimension to the multivariate time-dependent 3D data, even tightening the challenge of finding relevant information in the data for answering the respective research questions. In this paper we propose a topology-based method to support the visual analysis of climate data by detecting regions with particularly strong local minima or maxima and highlighting them with colored contours. Combined with preceding clustering of the data fields, typical spatial patterns characterizing the climate variability are detected and visualized. We demonstrate the utility of our method with a study of global temperature anomalies of a 150-years ensemble simulation consisting of 100 members.
description: Workshop on Visualisation in Environmental Sciences (EnvirVis)
description: Weather and Climate
description: 9
description: 16
description: Christopher P. Kappe, Michael Böttinger, and Heike Leitte
description: CCS Concepts: Human-centered computing-->Geographic visualization; Applied computing-->Environmental sciences
Leveraging Lagrangian Analysis for Discriminating Nutrient Origins
Creators: name: Dutta, Soumya
name: Brady, Riley X.
name: Maltrud, Mathew E.
name: Wolfram, Philip J.
name: Bujack, Roxana
Publisher: name: The Eurographics Association
Year: 2019
Subjects: Human
centered computing
Scientific visualization

description: Understanding the origins of nutrients, e.g., nitrate, in ocean water is essential to develop an effective mariculture technique for free-floating macroalgae, which presents a potential solution to provide an alternative source of domestic renewable fuels to help reduce carbon emissions from automobiles. To study this problem, scientists simulate large-scale computational simulations with coupled flow and nutrient information. Since running the simulation multiple times is expensive, the scientists want to have efficient visual-analytic techniques that can analyze and visualize the simulation output quickly to investigate the reasons behind the existence of nitrate in different areas of ocean water. To address these needs, a mixed Lagrangian and Eulerianbased analysis technique is developed that leverages traditional Lagrangian analysis methods and fuses Eulerian information with it to comprehend the origins of nutrients in the water. The proposed method yielded promising results for the application scientists and positive feedback from them demonstrates the efficacy of the technique.
description: Workshop on Visualisation in Environmental Sciences (EnvirVis)
description: Lakes and Oceans
description: 17
description: 24
description: Soumya Dutta, Riley X. Brady, Mathew E. Maltrud, Philip J. Wolfram, and Roxana Bujack
description: CCS Concepts: Human-centered computing-->Scientific visualization
RedSeaAtlas: A Visual Analytics Tool for Spatio-temporal Multivariate Data of the Red Sea
Creators: name: Afzal, Shehzad
name: Ghani, Sohaib
name: Tissington, Garth
name: Langodan, Sabique
name: Dasari, Hari Prasad
name: Raitsos, Dionysios
name: Gittings, John
name: Jamil, Tahira
name: Srinivasan, Madhusudhanan
name: Hoteit, Ibrahim
Publisher: name: The Eurographics Association
Year: 2019
Subjects: Human Centered Computing
Visualization
Visual Analytics
Physical Sciences and Engineering
Earth and atmospheric sciences
Information systems applications
Spatial
temporal systems

description: Interactive visualizations play an essential role in supporting the analysis tasks of ocean and atmospheric scientists working on a variety of simulation models and observational datasets. Designing visual analytics systems intended for addressing problems in the ocean and atmospheric domain require careful task analysis of the requirements of domain experts and scientists, and understanding their analysis workflows. This paper explores the design of a visual analytics tool (RedSeaAtlas) based on meetings and interviews with domain experts working on diverse research problems that involve analyzing spatio-temporal multivariate datasets of the Red Sea region, to understand their task requirements. This kind of visual analytics tool has widespread applications in areas, such as navigational guidance of marine vessels, fisheries operations, environmental impact assessments, coastal development, renewable energy, risk management, policy making, etc. We provide expert evaluation of this tool based on different case studies targeting some of these application areas. We also discuss the challenges associated with the use of varying visualization tools in the ocean and atmospheric community, focusing on aspects related to visualization research.
description: Workshop on Visualisation in Environmental Sciences (EnvirVis)
description: Lakes and Oceans
description: 25
description: 32
description: Shehzad Afzal, Sohaib Ghani, Garth Tissington, Sabique Langodan, Hari Prasad Dasari, Dionysios Raitsos, John Gittings, Tahira Jamil, Madhusudhanan Srinivasan, and Ibrahim Hoteit
description: CCS Concepts: Human Centered Computing-->Visualization; Visual Analytics; Physical Sciences and Engineering-->Earth and atmospheric sciences; Information systems applications-->Spatial-temporal systems
Supplementary document for Comparison of whole blood and serum samples of Breast Cancer based on Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy with Machine Learning - 6379510.pdf
Creators: name: IDREES, BUSHRA
name: Teng, Geer
name: Israr, Ayesha
name: Zaib, Huma
name: Jamil, Yasir
name: Bilal, Muhammad
name: Bashir, Sajid
name: Khan, M. Nouman
name: Wang, Qianqian
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Cases model details
Monitoring the Thermal Power of Nuclear Reactors with a Prototype Cubic Meter Antineutrino Detector
Creators: name: Bernstein, A.
name: Bowden, N. S.
name: Misner, A.
name: Palmer, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we estimate how quickly and how precisely a reactor's operational status and thermal power can be monitored over hour to month time scales, using the antineutrino rate as measured by a cubic meter scale detector. Our results are obtained from a detector we have deployed and operated at 25 meter standoff from a reactor core. This prototype can detect a prompt reactor shutdown within five hours, and monitor relative thermal power to three percent within seven days. Monitoring of short-term power changes in this way may be useful in the context of International Atomic Energy Agency's (IAEA) Reactor Safeguards Regime, or other cooperative monitoring regimes.
description: 10 pages, 9 figures
Spatial homogenization in a stochastic network with mobility
Creators: name: Simatos, Florian
name: Tibi, Danielle
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60J75 (Primary) 90B15 (Secondary)

description: A stochastic model for a mobile network is studied. Users enter the network, and then perform independent Markovian routes between nodes where they receive service according to the Processor-Sharing policy. Once their service requirement is satisfied, they leave the system. The stability region is identified via a fluid limit approach, and strongly relies on a "spatial homogenization" property: at the fluid level, customers are instantaneously distributed across the network according to the stationary distribution of their Markovian dynamics and stay distributed as such as long as the network is not empty. In the unstable regime, spatial homogenization almost surely holds asymptotically as time goes to infinity (on the normal scale), telling how the system fills up. One of the technical achievements of the paper is the construction of a family of martingales associated to the multidimensional process of interest, which makes it possible to get crucial estimates for certain exit times.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/09-AAP613 the Annals of Applied Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aap/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
SOAViz: Visualization for Portable X-ray Fluorescence Soil Profiles
Creators: name: Pham, Vung
name: Dang, Tommy
Publisher: name: The Eurographics Association
Year: 2019

description: The soil is an essential element of life. It is where people grow plants for food, fibers, and other materials. It also helps to filter water and recycles wastes. Therefore, understanding soil physical/chemical characteristics and structural aggregation are of vital importance. In this project, we work closely with the soil scientists to develop a visualization solution to the rapidly gaining favor approach to soil horizon analysis using Portable X-ray Fluorescence (pXRF) devices. Our visualization, called SOAViz, aims to provide soil scientists with rapid valuable insights into soil properties both visually perceptible with graphs and imperceptible quantification features with statistical calculations from the data collected from pXRF equipment. SOAViz was developed with analysis tasks solicited from the soil scientists and validated by applying to real soil profiles collected in an Experimental Rangeland in Lubbock, TX, USA. This visual solution together with the quick scanning results from pXRF devices offers a timely means of quantifying elemental concentrations in the soil horizons in large scale at a reduced cost.
description: Workshop on Visualisation in Environmental Sciences (EnvirVis)
description: Ecosphere and Infrastructure
description: 33
description: 40
description: Vung Pham and Tommy Dang
Gate Tunable Supercurrent in Josephson Junctions Based on Bi2Te3 Topological Insulator Thin Films
Creators: name: Wu, Wei-Xiong
name: Feng, Yang
name: Bai, Yun-He
name: Jiang, Yu-Ying
name: Gao, Zong-Wei
name: Li, Yuan-Zhao
name: Luan, Jian-Li
name: Zhou, Heng-An
name: Jiang, Wan-Jun
name: Feng, Xiao
name: Zhang, Jin-Song
name: Zhang, Hao
name: He, Ke
name: Ma, Xu-Cun
name: Xue, Qi-Kun
name: Wang, Ya-Yu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report transport measurements on Josephson junctions consisting of Bi2Te3 topological insulator (TI) thin films contacted by superconducting Nb electrodes. For a device with junction length L = 134 nm, the critical supercurrent Ic can be modulated by an electrical gate which tunes the carrier type and density of the TI film. Ic can reach a minimum when the TI is near the charge neutrality regime with the Fermi energy lying close to the Dirac point of the surface state. In the p-type regime the Josephson current can be well described by a short ballistic junction model. In the n-type regime the junction is ballistic at 0.7 K < T < 3.8 K while for T < 0.7 K the diffusive bulk modes emerge and contribute a larger Ic than the ballistic model. We attribute the lack of diffusive bulk modes in the p-type regime to the formation of p-n junctions. Our work provides new clues for search of Majorana zero mode in TI-based superconducting devices.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, The manuscript with the same title will be published by Chinese Physics Letters
Photoionization of Clustered Halos by the First Stars
Creators: name: Whalen, Daniel
name: O'Shea, Brian W.
name: Smidt, Joseph
name: Norman, Michael L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present numerical simulations of the photoevaporation of cosmological halos clustered around a 120 M$_\odot$ primordial star, confining our study to structures capable of hosting Population III star formation. The calculations include self-consistent multifrequency conservative transfer of UV photons together with nine-species primordial chemistry and all relevant radiative processes. The ultimate fates of these halos varies with central density and proximity to the central source but generally fall into one of four categories. Diffuse halos with central densities below 2 - 3 cm$^{-3}$ are completely ionized and evaporated by the central star anywhere in the cluster. More evolved halo cores at densities above 2000 cm$^{-3}$ are impervious to both ionizing and Lyman-Werner flux at most distances from the star and collapse of their cores proceeds without delay. Radiative feedback in halos of intermediate density can be either positive or negative, depending on how the I-front remnant shock both compresses and deforms the core and enriches it with H$_2$. We find that the 120 M$_\odot$ star photodissociates H$_2$ in most halos within the cluster but that catalysis by H- rapidly restores molecular hydrogen within a few hundred Kyr after the death of the star, with little delay in star formation. Our models exhibit significant departures from previous one-dimensional spherically-symmetric simulations, which are prone to serious errors due to unphysical geometric focusing effects.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures, to appear in "First Stars III", eds. B. O'Shea, A. Heger and T. Abel
Visual Exploration of the European Red List
Creators: name: Jänicke, Stefan
Publisher: name: The Eurographics Association
Year: 2019

description: The European Red List gives an overview of animal and plant species that are threatened with extinction at the European level. Currently, only prefabricated charts and standard mapping tools are provided to analyze the statuses of threatened species in a visual form. This paper provides a series of visual interfaces that support the construction of dynamic queries, thus, offering new capabilities to investigate geospatial, species-related features and developments. The major goals are to better inform the broad public on the contents of the European Red List, and to improve the capabilities of biodiversity researchers in developing target-oriented conservation strategies.
description: Workshop on Visualisation in Environmental Sciences (EnvirVis)
description: Ecosphere and Infrastructure
description: 41
description: 45
description: Stefan Jänicke
Bimetric varying speed of light theories and primordial fluctuations
Creators: name: Magueijo, Joao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We exhibit a varying speed of light (VSL) theory that implements the recently proposed decaying speed of sound mechanism for generating density fluctuations. We avail ourselves of bimetric VSL theories, where the speed of gravity differs from that of light. We first show that a Dirac-Born-Infeld (DBI) type of $K$-essence has the necessary speed of sound profile to produce (near) scale-invariant fluctuations. We then examine the map between bimetric and $K$-essence models: typically the bi-scalar connecting the two metrics is a $K$-essence field in one of them. Remarkably, the DBI model is found to perturbatively represent the minimal bimetric model, where the bi-scalar is Klein-Gordon in the matter frame. But the full non-perturbative bimetric structure is even simpler: the bi-scalar dynamics should be simply driven by a cosmological constant in the matter frame, balanced by an opposite cosmological constant in the gravity frame. Thus the problem of structure formation receives an elegant and universal solution within bimetric VSL theories, which are known to also solve the flatness and entropy problems and evade a plethora of causality concerns.
Closing the gaps: An update on indicators of inequality for māori and pacific people
Creators: name: Marriott, Lisa
name: Alinaghi, Nazila
Publisher: name: Open Access Victoria University of Wellington | Te Herenga Waka
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 210399 Historical Studies not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: History and archaeology

description: This article updates and expands an earlier study investigating the gaps in inequality indicators between different ethnic groups in Aotearoa New Zealand (NZ). The present study updates the same inequality indicators across categories of health, knowledge and skills, employment, standard of living, and cultural identity, using more recent data. It is also extended to incorporate the third-largest ethnic group in NZ, Asian people. This ethnic group is often excluded from inequality discussions, as Asian people are typically believed to outperform, or at least be on par with, the European ethnic group. In contrast to the earlier study, the findings in the current study show improvements in most indicators. However, Europeans continue to outperform Māori and Pacific people in all but one indicator. We find support for the suggestion that the Asian ethnic group experiences inequality less than Māori or Pacific people.
Electromagnetically induced transparency for x rays
Creators: name: Buth, Christian
name: Santra, Robin
name: Young, Linda
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) is predicted for x rays in laser-dressed neon gas. The x-ray photoabsorption cross section and polarizability near the Ne K edge are calculated using an ab initio theory suitable for optical strong-field problems. The laser wavelength is tuned close to the transition between 1s^-1 3s and 1s^-1 3p (approximately 800nm). The minimum laser intensity required to observe EIT is of the order of 10^12 W/cm^2. The ab initio results are discussed in terms of an exactly solvable three-level model. This work opens new opportunities for research with ultrafast x-ray sources.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, RevTeX4, corrected typos
What makes you popular: beauty, personality or intelligence?
Creators: name: Colladon, A. Fronzetti
name: Grippa, F.
name: Battistoni, E.
name: Gloor, P. A.
name: La Bella, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: J.4

description: This study explores the determinants of popularity within friendship and advice networks. We involved almost 200 college students in an experiment to predict how personality traits, self-monitoring, creativity, intelligence, energy, and beauty influence the development of friendship and advice networks. Our results indicate that physical attractiveness is a key to develop both friendship and task-related interactions, whereas perceived intelligence and creativity play an important role in the advice network. Our findings seem to support the idea that there might be a kernel of truth in the stereotype that attractiveness correlates with positive social traits and successful outcomes.
Asynchronous Extensions of HyperLTL
Creators: name: Bozzelli, Laura
name: Peron, Adriano
name: Sanchez, Cesar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Hyperproperties are a modern specification paradigm that extends trace properties to express properties of sets of traces. Temporal logics for hyperproperties studied in the literature, including HyperLTL, assume a synchronous semantics and enjoy a decidable model checking problem. In this paper, we introduce two asynchronous and orthogonal extensions of HyperLTL, namely Stuttering HyperLTL (HyperLTLS) and Context HyperLTL (HyperLTLC). Both of these extensions are useful, for instance, to formulate asynchronous variants of information-flow security properties. We show that for these logics, model checking is in general undecidable. On the positive side, for each of them, we identify a fragment with a decidable model checking that subsumes HyperLTL and that can express meaningful asynchronous requirements. Moreover, we provide the exact computational complexity of model checking for these two fragments which, for the HyperLTLS fragment, coincides with that of the strictly less expressive logic HyperLTL.
Weak ferromagnetism and spin glass state with nano-sized nickel carbide
Creators: name: Chen, Chinping
name: He, Lin
name: Leng, Yonghua
name: Li, Xinggup
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ni3C nanoparticles of about 40 nm have been studied experimentally to exhibit weak ferromagnetic (FM), spin-glass (SG) and paramagnetic (PM) properties. The freezing temperature of the SG phase at zero applied field is determined as, TF0 ~ 11.0 K. At T > TF0, a very weak ferromagnetism has been observed over a PM background. The Curie temperature, TC, is shown to exceed 300 K and the ferromagnetism at 300 K is determined as about 0.02 emu/g (~6.7*10^{-4}mu_B per Ni3C formula unit) by subtracting the background paramagnetism. An anomalous dip appears in the temperature dependent coercivity, HC(T), near the freezing temperature, TF0. It reflects a distortedly reduced coercivity in the M(H) hysteresis loop measured at T = TF0 with the applied sweeping field around H = 0. This is attributable to the exchange coupling effect between the SG and the weak FM phases. The possible origin of the magnetic moments that account for the observed FM, SG and PM properties is discussed.
description: 25 pages, 8 figures, 1 table, J Appl Phys In press
Unconventional anomalous Hall effect from magnetization parallel to the electric field
Creators: name: Tan, Hengxin
name: Liu, Yizhou
name: Yan, Binghai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the anomalous Hall effect (AHE), the magnetization, electric field and the Hall current are presumed to be mutually vertical to each other. In this work, we propose an unconventional AHE where the magnetization, the electric field and Hall current stay inside the same plane. Such an AHE is odd under time-reversal and exists even when the magnetization is parallel to the electric field or Hall current, different from the planar Hall effect which is even under time-reversal. Here, we term it parallel anomalous Hall effect (PAHE). We reveal that the PAHE exists when all the point group rotational and reflection symmetries are broken where the Berry curvature field is not necessarily parallel to the magnetization axis. We further demonstrate the PAHE in a ferrimagnetic Weyl semimetal FeCr$_2$Te$_4$.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, 1 table
Complete conditions for legitimate Wigner distributions
Creators: name: Nha, Hyunchul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Given a real-valued phase-space function, it is a nontrivial task to determine whether it corresponds to a Wigner distribution for a physically acceptable quantum state. This topic has been of fundamental interest for long, and in a modern application, it can be related to the problem of entanglement detection for multi-mode cases. In this paper, we present a hierarchy of complete conditions for a physically realizable Wigner distribution. Our derivation is based on the normally-ordered expansion, in terms of annihilation andcreation operators, of the quasi-density operator corresponding to the phase-space function in question. As a by-product, it is shown that the phase-space distributions with elliptical symmetry can be readily diagonalized in our representation, facilitating the test of physical realizability. We also illustrate how the current formulation can be connected to the detection of bipartite entanglement for continuous variables.
description: 6 pages, published version with improved presentation
Electronic structure of self-assembled InAs/InP quantum dots: A Comparison with self-assembled InAs/GaAs quantum dots
Creators: name: Gong, Ming
name: Duan, Kaimin
name: Li, Chuan-Feng
name: Magri, Rita
name: Narvaez, Gustavo A.
name: He, Lixin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the electronic structure of the InAs/InP quantum dots using an atomistic pseudopotential method and compare them to those of the InAs/GaAs QDs. We show that even though the InAs/InP and InAs/GaAs dots have the same dot material, their electronic structure differ significantly in certain aspects, especially for holes: (i) The hole levels have a much larger energy spacing in the InAs/InP dots than in the InAs/GaAs dots of corresponding size. (ii) Furthermore, in contrast with the InAs/GaAs dots, where the sizeable hole $p$, $d$ intra-shell level splitting smashes the energy level shell structure, the InAs/InP QDs have a well defined energy level shell structure with small $p$, $d$ level splitting, for holes. (iii) The fundamental exciton energies of the InAs/InP dots are calculated to be around 0.8 eV ($\sim$ 1.55 $μ$m), about 200 meV lower than those of typical InAs/GaAs QDs, mainly due to the smaller lattice mismatch in the InAs/InP dots. (iii) The widths of the exciton $P$ shell and $D$ shell are much narrower in the InAs/InP dots than in the InAs/GaAs dots. (iv) The InAs/GaAs and InAs/InP dots have a reversed light polarization anisotropy along the [100] and [1$\bar{1}$0] directions.
Report on the consumer education course : Vancouver School District
Creators: name: Garvin, Mary-Jane
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The purpose of the study was to examine the routine existence of the Consumer Education course within the Vancouver School District and to understand how micro, or school level influences contribute to changes in school subjects which have been mandated at the macro, or provincial level. A target population of 41 Vancouver Consumer Education teachers was identified, and semi-structured interviews were conducted with 23 of these teachers. Conclusions: Information obtained from these interviews concludes that the course-as-practiced differs significantly from the course-as-planned. This study concluded that the reinterpretation of the course is a result of two factors: 1. School-based support for the course varies from school to school. Generally, east side schools exhibit a higher level of support for the course than in the west side schools. 2. Ministry guidelines for the course do not offer clear course expectations and standards. Recommendations: Two recommendations were reached about the Consumer Education course: 1. Revision of Ministry guidelines is needed. The current state of the course is affected by the lack of direction given to this course. Province-wide expectations and standards should be clearly expressed, and methods to assess the degree of compliance need to be instituted. 2. The course would benefit from school-based support, in particular, establishment of a subject- constituency which would promote and protect the course.
Additional file 1 of Effects of modified BOPPPS-based SPOC and Flipped class on 5th-year undergraduate oral histopathology learning in China during COVID-19
Creators: name: Wang, Shan
name: Xu, Xin
name: Li, Fang
name: Fan, Haixia
name: Zhao, Eryang
name: Bai, Jie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Figure 1. A. a study to-do list (in Chinese), which were assigned to students in advanced; B. a mind-mapping from teacher (in Chinese); C. a feedback from one quiz in the section of post-assessment from a lesson about jaw disease. Figure 2. This picture is a student’ mind-mapping of a lesson named benign salivary gland tumor.
Effects of mode degeneracy in the LIGO Livingston Observatory recycling cavity
Creators: name: Gretarsson, Andri M.
name: D'Ambrosio, Erika
name: Frolov, Valery
name: O'Reilly, Brian
name: Fritschel, Peter K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the electromagnetic fields in a Pound-Drever-Hall locked, marginally unstable, Fabry-Perot cavity as a function of small changes in the cavity length during resonance. More specifically, we compare the results of a detailed numerical model with the behavior of the recycling cavity of the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-wave Observatory (LIGO) detector that is located in Livingston, Louisiana. In the interferometer's normal mode of operation, the recycling cavity is stabilized by inducing a thermal lens in the cavity mirrors with an external CO2 laser. During the study described here, this thermal compensation system was not operating, causing the cavity to be marginally optically unstable and cavity modes to become degenerate. In contrast to stable optical cavities, the modal content of the resonating beam in the uncompensated recycling cavity is significantly altered by very small cavity length changes. This modifies the error signals used to control the cavity length in such a way that the zero crossing point is no longer the point of maximum power in the cavity nor is it the point where the input beam mode in the cavity is maximized.
description: Eight pages in two-column format. Six color figures. To be published JOSA B
Simple Self-calibrating Polarimeter for Measuring the Stokes Parameters of Light
Creators: name: Wirthl, Vitaly
name: Panda, Cristian D.
name: Hess, Paul W.
name: Gabrielse, Gerald
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A simple, self-calibrating, rotating-waveplate polarimeter is largely insensitive to light intensity fluctuations and is shown to be useful for determining the Stokes parameters of light. This study shows how to minimize the in situ self-calibration time, the measurement time and the measurement uncertainty. The suggested methods are applied to measurements of spatial variations in the linear and circular polarizations of laser light passing through glass plates with a laser intensity dependent birefringence. These are crucial measurements for the ACME electron electric dipole measurements, requiring accuracies in circular and linear polarization fraction of about 0.1% and 0.4%, with laser intensities up to 100 $\text{mW/mm}^2$ incident into the polarimeter.
Electronic Interface Reconstruction at Polar-Nonpolar Mott Insulator Heterojunctions
Creators: name: Lee, Wei-Cheng
name: MacDonald, A. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on a theoretical study of the electronic interface reconstruction (EIR) induced by polarity discontinuity at a heterojunction between a polar and a nonpolar Mott insulators, and of the two-dimensional strongly-correlated electron systems (2DSCESs) which accompany the reconstruction. We derive an expression for the minimum number of polar layers required to drive the EIR, and discuss key parameters of the heterojunction system which control 2DSCES properties. The role of strong correlations in enhancing confinement at the interface is emphasized.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures, some typos corrected
Constraints on High-Order Gravitational Theories from Weak Cosmic Censorship
Creators: name: Jiang, Jie
name: Sang, Aofei
name: Zhang, Ming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Weak cosmic censorship conjecture (WCCC) is a basic principle that guarantees the predictability of spacetime and should be valid in any classical theories. One critical scientific question is whether the WCCC can serve as a constraint to the gravitational theories. To explore this question, we perform the first-order Sorce-Wald's gedanken experiments to test the WCCC in the higher-order gravitational theories and find that there exists a destruction condition $S_\text{ext}'(r_h)<0$ for the extremal black holes. To show the power of this condition, we evaluate the constraints given by WCCC in the quadratic and cubic gravitational theories. Our investigation makes an essential step toward applying WCCC to constrain the modified gravitational theories, and opens a new avenue to judge which theory is reasonable.
description: 4+9pages
Modified scalar and tensor spectra in spinor driven inflation
Creators: name: Gredat, Damien
name: Shankaranarayanan, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of the firm predictions of the single-scalar field inflationary cosmology is the consistency relation between the scalar and tensor perturbations. It has been argued that such a relation, if observationally verified, would offer strong support for the idea of inflation. In this letter, we critically analyze the validity of the consistency relation in the context of spinflation. Spinflaton -- a scalar condensate of the Elko field -- has a single scalar degree of freedom and leads to the identical acceleration equation as the single canonical scalar field. We obtain the perturbation equations for the Einstein-Elko system and show that (i) The scalar perturbations are purely adiabatic and speed of the perturbations is identically one. (ii) In the slow-roll limit, the scalar and tensor perturbations are nearly scale-invariant and (iii) Obtain the consistency relations for the scalar and tensor spectra.
description: 11 pages, Revtex4; Titled renamed, References added, Matches with the journal version
Problemas en el Sur: Puno en los procesos de transformación del Capitalismo Global
Creators: name: Canaza-Choque, Franklin Américo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 180111 Environmental and Natural Resources Law
subject: FOS: Law
subject: 149901 Comparative Economic Systems
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: 140201 Agricultural Economics
subject: 149902 Ecological Economics
subject: 140202 Economic Development and Growth
subject: 140303 Economic Models and Forecasting
subject: 140199 Economic Theory not elsewhere classified
subject: Economics
subject: 140205 Environment and Resource Economics
subject: 140102 Macroeconomic Theory

description: Pasado 1990, el capitalismo ha desarrollado intempestivamente una serie de engranajes en su propio y adecuado funcionamiento como sistema-mundo, de renovarse cuantas veces quiera ante una crisis que especule su final apocalíptico. Es el capital, primero un factor decisivo en la producción, ya la vez, un poder que no obedece ley alguna sobre cómo se han fijado las cosas y el orden en el mundo. Es así, que las circunstancias del momento han sido aprovechadas de algún modo por redes y nudos económicos capitalizadores de bienes comunes. Es sobre esta moldura expansiva de razones prácticas que la economía puneña se desenvuelve día a día, quizás de la mejor manera, en donde las relaciones sociales, los modos de producción y de flujos económicos locales están suficientemente encadenados a tasas de crecimiento económico fijados y concentrados en el sector primario, particularmente, agropecuario y minero, aquí, es donde las grandes dosis del mercado mundial presionan fuertemente. En este afán, el estudio analiza una de las regiones del país condenado a la minería: Puno. Región lacustre, que en el transcurrir de los años se ha convertido en el foco de una enorme cadena capitalizadora de recursos naturales y de expropiación territorial infinitamente insostenible.
Effect of electron-irradiation on layered quantum materials
Creators: name: Dash, Ajit Kumar
name: Mondal, Mainak
name: Verma, Manvi
name: Kumar, Keerthana S
name: Singh, Akshay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Technological advancement towards the quantum era requires secure communication, quantum computation, and ultra-sensitive sensing capabilities. Layered quantum materials (LQMs) have remarkable optoelectronic and quantum properties that can usher us into the quantum era. Electron microscopy is the tool of choice for measuring these LQMs at an atomic and nanometer scale. On the other hand, electron-irradiation of LQMs can modify various material properties, including the creation of structural defects. We review different types of structural defects, as well as electron elastic- and inelastic-scattering induced processes. Controlled modification of optoelectronic and quantum properties of LQMs using electron-irradiation, including creation of single photon emitters is discussed. Protection of electron-irradiation induced damage of LQMs via encapsulation by other layered materials is encouraged. We finally give insights into challenges and opportunities, including creating novel structures using an electron beam.
description: 16 pages, 4 figures
A New Class of Inhomogeneous String Cosmological Models in General Relativity
Creators: name: Pradhan, Anirudh
name: Yadav, A. K.
name: Singh, R. P.
name: Singh, V. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new class of solutions of Einstein field equations has been investigated for inhomogeneous cylindrically symmetric space-time with string source. To get the deterministic solution, it has been assumed that the expansion ($θ$) in the model is proportional to the eigen value $σ^{1}_{1}$ of the shear tensor $σ^{i}_{j}$. Certain physical and geometric properties of the models are also discussed.
description: 12 pages, no figure. Submitted to Astrophys. Space Sci. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:0705.0904
Physics of Superluminous Supernovae
Creators: name: Chen, Ke-Jung
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Understanding how massive stars die as supernovae is a crucial question in modern astrophysics. Supernovae are powerful stellar explosions and key drivers in the cosmic baryonic cycles by injecting their explosion energy and heavy elements to the interstellar medium that forms new stars. After decades of effort, astrophysicists have built up a stand model for the explosion mechanism of massive stars. However, this model is challenged by new kinds of stellar explosions discovered in the recent transit surveys. In particular, the new population called superluminous supernovae, which are a hundred times brighter than typical supernovae, is revolutionizing our understanding of supernovae. New studies suggest the superluminous supernovae are associated with the unusual demise of very massive stars and their extreme supernovae powered by the radioactive isotopes or compact objects formed after the explosion. Studying these supernovae fills a gap of knowledge between the death of massive stars and their explosions; furthermore, we may apply their intense luminosity to light up the distant universe. This paper aims to provide a timely review of superluminous supernovae physics, focusing on the latest development of their theoretical models.
description: Review for the Int. J. Mod. Phys. D (15 pages, 3 figures)