cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A Survey of Algorithmic Methods for Competency Self-Assessments in Human-Autonomy Teaming
Creators: name: Szafir, Daniel
name: Ahmed, Nisar R.
name: Conlon, Nicholas
Publisher: name: Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)
Year: 2024

description:
Humans working with autonomous artificially intelligent systems may not be experts in the inner workings of their machine teammates, but need to understand when to employ, trust, and rely on the system. A critical challenge is to develop machine agents with the capacity to understand their own capabilities and limitations, and the ability to communicate this information to human partners. Self-assessment is an emerging field that tackles this challenge through the development of algorithms that enable autonomous agents to understand and communicate their competency. These methods can engender appropriate trust and align human expectations with autonomous assistant abilities. However, current research in self-assessment is dispersed across many fields, including artificial intelligence, robotics, and human factors. This survey connects work from these disparate areas and reviews state-of-the-art methods for algorithmic self-assessments that enable autonomous agents to estimate, understand, and communicate valuable information pertaining to their competency, with focus on methods that can improve interactions within human-machine teams. To better understand the landscape of self-assessment approaches, we present a framework for categorizing work in self-assessment based on underlying algorithm type: test-based , learning-based , or knowledge-based . We synthesize common features across these approaches and discuss relevant future directions for research in this emerging space.
Joe’s Story: How a Capitated Payment Model Lets Me Be the Physician I Want to Be
Creators: name: Denham, Amy C
Publisher: name: Annals of Family Medicine
Year: 2024

description:
For many years I cared for Joe, following him through diagnoses of strokes, end-stage renal disease, and metastatic prostate cancer. Gaining his trust, coordinating his care across specialist visits and hospitalizations, and helping him and his family clarify goals of care took an investment of time and relationship-building. I was able to spend this time with Joe, and all of my medically complex patients, because I had taken a job in a Program of All-Inclusive Care for the Elderly (PACE), a fully capitated model of care. With care organized around the patient instead of the visit, this payment model transformed my work life. As I reflect on the care that I provided for Joe over the years, I consider how health care organization and finance can either help or hinder our ability to provide patient-centered, coordinated, continuous care for our patients. Evolving payment models can help make space for family physicians to provide the robust primary care we are trained to deliver.
Estimating kill intervals for a specific prey species using location clusters from GPS-collared Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx)
Creators: name: Vogt, Kristina
name: Roth, Tobias
name: Willisch, Christian Simon
name: Amrhein, Valentin
Publisher: name: Springer
Year: 2024

description: An increasing number of GPS telemetry studies have helped to gain important insights into predator-prey relationships in recent years. However, considerable time and effort is needed to evaluate whether GPS location clusters (GLCs) reflect predation events. To reduce field effort, predictive models are being developed to calculate predator kill intervals, but few studies have attempted to do this for a specific species of prey. Between 2013 and 2018, we studied predation by 13 GPS-collared Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx) on Alpine chamois (Rupicapra rupicapra) in the northwestern Swiss Alps. Our objectives were to predict the total number of killed chamois, including potential kills in unchecked GLCs, and to evaluate if model predictions were sufficiently accurate. We built a set of generalized linear models (GLM) predicting the occurrence of GLCs containing lynx-killed chamois (1) versus GLCs containing other prey types or no prey (0) and compared their predictive performance by means of k-fold cross-validation. We found that model performance was very similar for all candidate models, with the full model yielding the best cross-validation result (accuracy = 0.83, sensitivity = 0.43, specificity = 0.94). Female lynx killed on average one chamois every 11.9 days (10.6–13.0 days, 95% CI); male lynx killed one chamois every 7.2 days (6.7–7.6 days, 95% CI). Our model showed high specificity for detecting non-chamois GLCs, but sensitivity for detection of GLCs with actual chamois kills was low. We conclude that the sensitivity of the models should be further improved, but the results can be sufficient for practical application. Predictive modelling approaches do not replace extensive fieldwork but require large sets of field data, high individual variability and thorough knowledge of a predator’s ecology and prey community. Our approach may provide useful results for binary classifications in rather simple predator-prey systems, but extrapolations from one study system to another might be difficult.
Maternal empowerment, feeding knowledge, and infant nutrition: Evidence from rural China
Creators: name: Wu, Yuju
name: Medina, Alexis
name: Zhou, Huan
name: Darmstadt, Gary L
name: Guo, Yian
name: Chen, Yunwei
Publisher: name: International Society of Global Health
Year: 2024

description:
Background: Maternal empowerment - the capacity to make decisions within households - is linked to better child feeding and nutritional outcomes, but few studies have considered the mediating role of caregiver knowledge. Further, existing literature centres primarily on the husband-wife dyad while overlooking grandmothers as important childcare decision-makers. Methods: We collected primary data through household surveys in 2019 and 2021 from 1190 households with infants zero to six months living in rural western China. We identified the primary and secondary caregivers for each infant and assessed their feeding knowledge and practices, as well as infant nutritional status. We constructed a maternal empowerment index using a seven-item decision-making questionnaire and examined the relationship between maternal empowerment in childcare and household decisions, caregivers' feeding knowledge, and infant feeding practices and nutritional outcomes. Results: Mothers had significantly higher levels of feeding knowledge than secondary caregivers (most were grandmothers, 72.7%), with average knowledge scores of 5.4 vs. 4.1, respectively, out of 9. Mothers and secondary caregivers with higher levels of feeding knowledge had significantly higher exclusive breastfeeding rates by 13-15 percentage points (P < 0.01) and 11-13 percentage points (P < 0.01), respectively. The knowledge of secondary caregivers was even more strongly associated with not feeding formula (15 percentage points, P < 0.01). Mothers empowered to make childcare decisions were more likely to exclusively breastfeed (12-13 percentage points, P < 0.01), less likely to formula feed (9-10 percentage points, P < 0.05), and more likely to have children with higher Z-scores for length-for-age (0.32-0.33, P < 0.01) and weight-for-age (0.24-0.25, P < 0.05). Effects remained after controlling for maternal feeding knowledge. Conclusions: While mothers' and grandmothers' feeding knowledge was both important for optimal infant feeding, grandmothers' knowledge was particularly critical for practicing exclusive breastfeeding. Given the disparity in feeding knowledge between the two caregivers, our study further shows that mothers empowered in childcare decision-making were more likely to exclusively breastfeed their infants. This implies that some mothers with adequate knowledge may not practice optimal feeding because of lower decision-making power. Overall, our study highlights the role of secondary caregivers (grandmothers) in infant care and suggests that future child nutritional interventions may benefit from involving secondary caregivers (grandmothers). Registration: Parent trial registration: ISRCTN16800789.
Determination of the spins and parities for the 04+ and 05+ states in Zr100
Creators: name: Werner, V.
name: McCutchan, E. A.
name: Chen, J.
name: Clark, J.
name: Zhu, S.
name: Carpenter, M. P.
name: Janssens, R. V. F.
name: Hartley, D. J.
name: Pietralla, N.
name: Seweryniak, D.
name: Lauritsen, T.
name: Ayangeakaa, A. D.
name: Kondev, F. G.
name: Savard, G.
name: Wu, J.
Publisher: name: American Physical Society (APS)
Year: 2024

description:
Two 0+ states at 1294.5 and 1774.0 keV, together with three 2+ and one 4+ levels, were identified or unambiguously spin-parity assigned for the first time in Zr100 utilizing γ-ray spectroscopy and γ-γ angular correlation techniques with the Gammasphere spectrometer, following the β− decay of neutron-rich, mass-separated Y100,100m isotopes. Comparisons with recent Monte Carlo shell-model calculations indicate that these two states are candidates for the bandhead of a sequence in a shape-coexisting spherical minimum predicted to be located around ≈1500 keV. According to the measured relative B(E2)relative transition probabilities, the 05+ state exhibits decay properties which more closely align with those predicted for a spherical shape, while the 04+ level is suggested to be associated with a weakly deformed shape similar to one related to the 02+ state.
title: Against Joyce: Ulysses, Authorship, and the Authority of the Reader
Creators: name: Corser, Sophie
Publisher: name: Goldsmiths, University of London
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: James Joyce, Ulysses, Roland Barthes, Homeric Question, Samuel Butler, Tom Stoppard, Zachary Mason, Homer, the Odyssey, authorship, anti-authorialism, intertextuality, literary criticism, Joyce studies, death of the author, authority, author, reader, literary theory, rewriting

description: This thesis considers James Joyce’s Ulysses as a text that plays with its own relationships to the author and the reader. It draws out the complexities and contradictions of a Joycean – and Barthesian – sense of ‘play’, by exploring the activity of reading prompted by the novel’s intertextuality and narrative. Alongside such investigation, I trace the history of approaches to the author within and without Joyce studies – to unravel how reading Ulysses interacts with such shifting sand. Through a methodology of ‘reading reading’, I analyse overlooked layers of Homeric orality and scholarship in ‘Eumaeus’, the development of Joyce studies from the 1920s to the present, modern understandings of the concept of the author, irreverent approaches to biography, and how reading ‘Calypso’ and ‘Wandering Rocks’ enacts a clash of readerly and authorial authority. This results in an unusual, looping structure, alternating analysis of Ulysses, Joyce studies, and other texts: exhibiting the impossibility of separately discussing author, reader, text, or – as chapters progress – critic. The thesis asks how one can place limits on where readings of Ulysses take us; how to discuss anti-authorialism in a field as author-centric as Joyce studies; and how the oft-asserted idea that opposites can be simultaneously true in Ulysses offers a valuable way to approach and query critical and theoretical understandings of how authors, readers, and texts interact. Writing ‘against Joyce’ (resisting, preparing for, leaning on) responds to theoretical and critical approaches and habits that pitch reader against author: that declare the birth of the reader must come at the cost of the author, or give greater currency – however veiled – to an author’s understanding of their text, over a reader’s. Above all else, this thesis proposes that to unpick the author question we should focus our attention on the activity of reading: self-aware, self-interrogative reading.
Hört mal, was da hämmert – Clinical Assessment durch Hebammen
Creators: name: Méan, Anne-Joëlle
name: Wirth, Simone Ursula
Publisher: name: Schweizerischer Hebammenverband (SHV)
Year: 2024

description: Inspektion, Auskultation, Palpation und Perkussion sind die vier zentralen Techniken bei der körperlichen Untersuchung. Die erhobenen Befunde bilden die Basis für die klinische Einschätzung. Dabei muss häufig über das geburtshilfliche Fachgebiet hinausgedacht werden. Ein Kurzinput für die Praxis.
Prospective association of the infant gut microbiome with social behaviors in the ECHO consortium
Creators: name: Klepac-Ceraj, Vanja
name: Karagas, Margaret R.
name: McRitchie, Susan
name: Pathmasiri, Wimal
name: Madan, Juliette C.
name: Hoen, Anne G.
name: Sumner, Susan
name: Bonham, Kevin S.
name: Laue, Hannah E.
name: Coker, Modupe O.
name: Moroishi, Yuka
Publisher: name: Springer Nature
Year: 2024

description:
Background Identifying modifiable risk factors of autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) may inform interventions to reduce financial burden. The infant/toddler gut microbiome is one such feature that has been associated with social behaviors, but results vary between cohorts. We aimed to identify consistent overall and sex-specific associations between the early-life gut microbiome and autism-related behaviors.


Methods Utilizing the Environmental influences on Children Health Outcomes (ECHO) consortium of United States (U.S.) pediatric cohorts, we gathered data on 304 participants with fecal metagenomic sequencing between 6-weeks to 2-years postpartum (481 samples). ASD-related social development was assessed with the Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS-2). Linear regression, PERMANOVA, and Microbiome Multivariable Association with Linear Models (MaAsLin2) were adjusted for sociodemographic factors. Stratified models estimated sex-specific effects.


Results Genes encoding pathways for synthesis of short-chain fatty acids were associated with higher SRS-2 scores, indicative of ASDs. Fecal concentrations of butyrate were also positively associated with ASD-related SRS-2 scores, some of which may be explained by formula use.


Limitations The distribution of age at outcome assessment differed in the cohorts included, potentially limiting comparability between cohorts. Stool sample collection methods also differed between cohorts. Our study population reflects the general U.S. population, and thus includes few participants who met the criteria for being at high risk of developing ASD.


Conclusions Our study is among the first multicenter studies in the U.S. to describe prospective microbiome development from infancy in relation to neurodevelopment associated with ASDs. Our work contributes to clarifying which microbial features associate with subsequent diagnosis of neuropsychiatric outcomes. This will allow for future interventional research targeting the microbiome to change neurodevelopmental trajectories.
Dr. Joseph Schmidlin, Die geschichtsphilosophische und kirchenpolitische Weltanschauung Ottos von Freising
Creators: name: Ehses, Stephan
Publisher: name: Römische Quartalschrift
Year: 1970

description: Römische Quartalschrift, Bd. 20 Nr. 2 (1906): Römische Quartalschrift, Band 20, Heft 2
Positive and Negative Social Consequences of Participating in a Sexual‐Network Study
Creators: name: Ricks, JaNelle
name: Spahnie, Morgan
name: Turner, Abigail Norris
name: Matthews, Amiah
name: Miller, William
name: Kiss, Dale
Publisher: name: Wiley
Year: 2024

description:
Assessment of risks and benefits of study participation is standard practice preceding the initiation of human subjects research. Although tracking adverse events during research participation is routine, collecting information from participants about what they perceive as benefits is less common. We longitudinally tracked social risks and benefits of participation among a cohort of 241 men who have sex with men participating in a sexual health study to improve participants' experiences and enhance understanding of participant motivations to enroll and attend follow-up. Of the participants who returned for at least one follow-up visit (n = 217, 90%), most (n = 185, 85%) reported positive consequences resulting from participation. Reporting of negative social consequences was rare, and all concerned a stigmatized reaction from someone learning about the participant's involvement in a sexual health study. Better identification of both positive and negative consequences resulting from research participation may improve how researchers design, recruit, and conduct research.
Exploring Family Obligation as a Buffer Between Parental Differential Treatment and Sibling Hostility
Creators: name: McClellan, Lucy S.
name: Fry, Cassidy M.
name: Telzer, Eva H.
name: Rogers, Christy R.
Publisher: name: Springer Nature
Year: 2024

description:
High levels of between-sibling parental differential treatment (PDT) have been associated with several negative outomes, including externalizing behavior, emotional maladjustment, and depressive symptoms, as well as with hostility in sibling relationships. In contrast, high levels of family obligation have been associated with positive adolescent adjustment and family dynamics. Given the substantial risks associated with PDT and the benefits of family obligation for emotional health and family relations, we investigated family obligation as a potential buffer against the negative effects of PDT on sibling relationships. We hypothesized that 1) younger and older siblings experiencing higher levels of PDT would demonstrate greater sibling hostility, and 2) family obligation would buffer against these associations. Adolescent younger siblings (Mage = 12.1; 24 females) and their adolescent older siblings (Mage = 14.5; 21 females) participated in a collaborative problem-solving task, which was coded for directional expressions of hostility. Siblings also independently completed questionnaires on PDT and family obligation. Greater PDT was associated with more hostility expressed from younger sibling to older sibling, and a greater sense of family obligation buffered against this association. Greater PDT was also associated with increased hostility from older sibling to younger sibling, but no significant interaction effect was found with family obligation. Findings highlight the potential of family obligation to improve sibling relationships in the context of PDT and can inform future sibling research and family intervention work; the import of these findings is limited due to the homogeneous nature of the sample and we recommend inclusion of more diverse populations.
sj-docx-1-ltr-10.1177_13621688231155578 – Supplemental material for The impact of a critical fiction analysis based on using augmented reality technology on developing students’ critical thinking and critical writing at Tabuk University
Creators: name: Abdelrahim, Azza A.M.
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Education
subject: 200399 Language Studies not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Languages and literature

description: Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-ltr-10.1177_13621688231155578 for The impact of a critical fiction analysis based on using augmented reality technology on developing students’ critical thinking and critical writing at Tabuk University by Azza A.M. Abdelrahim in Language Teaching Research
Outdoor air pollution exposure and uterine cancer incidence in the Sister Study
Creators: name: Bookwalter, Deborah B
name: Sandler, Dale P
name: Jones, Rena R
name: White, Alexandra J
name: Ish, Jennifer L
name: Chang, Che-Jung
name: Kaufman, Joel D
name: O’Brien, Katie M
name: Brown, Jordyn A
Publisher: name: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Year: 2024

description:
BACKGROUND: Outdoor air pollution is a ubiquitous exposure that includes endocrine-disrupting and carcinogenic compounds that may contribute to the risk of hormone-sensitive outcomes such as uterine cancer. However, there is limited evidence about the relationship between outdoor air pollution and uterine cancer incidence. METHODS: We investigated the associations of residential exposure to particulate matter less than 2.5 µm in aerodynamic diameter (PM2.5) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) with uterine cancer among 33 417 Sister Study participants with an intact uterus at baseline (2003-2009). Annual average air pollutant concentrations were estimated at participants' geocoded primary residential addresses using validated spatiotemporal models. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals for the association between time-varying 12-month PM2.5 (µg/m3) and NO2 (parts per billion; ppb) averages and uterine cancer incidence. RESULTS: Over a median follow-up period of 9.8 years, 319 incident uterine cancer cases were identified. A 5-ppb increase in NO2 was associated with a 23% higher incidence of uterine cancer (hazard ratio = 1.23, 95% confidence interval = 1.04 to 1.46), especially among participants living in urban areas (hazard ratio = 1.53, 95% confidence interval = 1.13 to 2.07), but  PM2.5 was not associated with increased uterine cancer incidence. CONCLUSION: In this large US cohort, NO2, a marker of vehicular traffic exposure, was associated with a higher incidence of uterine cancer. These findings expand the scope of health effects associated with air pollution, supporting the need for policy and other interventions designed to reduce air pollutant exposure.
MPEC 2025-F167 : 2025 FX7
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2025 FX7

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Otto Braunsberger, Beati Petri Canisii, S.J., epistulae et acta
Creators: name: Ehses, Stephan
Publisher: name: Römische Quartalschrift
Year: 1970

description: Römische Quartalschrift, Bd. 20 Nr. 2 (1906): Römische Quartalschrift, Band 20, Heft 2
Wirk- und Blind­leistung regeln: Potenziale und Stolpersteine
Creators: name: Schori, Stefan
name: Höckel, Michael
Publisher: name: Electrosuisse
Year: 2024

description: Moderne Wechselrichter sind in der Lage, sowohl die Wirk- als auch die Blindleistung zu regeln. Dabei können Regelstrategie und Parameterwahl sowie Netztopologie sehr unterschiedliche Auswirkungen auf das Stromnetz haben, insbesondere auf die Spannung. Welche Methoden, Vorteile und mögliche Hindernisse bei der Spannungshaltung gibt es?
Sensory over‐responsivity and atypical neural responses to socially relevant stimuli in autism
Creators: name: Cummings, K. K.
name: Bookheimer, S. Y.
name: Than, A.
name: Cakar, M. E.
name: Jung, J.
name: Abbas, L.
name: Patterson, G.
name: Dapretto, M.
name: Green, S. A.
Publisher: name: Wiley
Year: 2024

description:
Although aversive responses to sensory stimuli are common in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), it remains unknown whether the social relevance of aversive sensory inputs affects their processing. We used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to investigate neural responses to mildly aversive nonsocial and social sensory stimuli as well as how sensory over-responsivity (SOR) severity relates to these responses. Participants included 21 ASD and 25 typically-developing (TD) youth, aged 8.6-18.0 years. Results showed that TD youth exhibited significant neural discrimination of socially relevant versus irrelevant aversive sensory stimuli, particularly in the amygdala and orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), regions that are crucial for sensory and social processing. In contrast, ASD youth showed reduced neural discrimination of social versus nonsocial stimuli in the amygdala and OFC, as well as overall greater neural responses to nonsocial compared with social stimuli. Moreover, higher SOR in ASD was associated with heightened responses in sensory-motor regions to socially-relevant stimuli. These findings further our understanding of the relationship between sensory and social processing in ASD, suggesting limited attention to the social relevance compared with aversiveness level of sensory input in ASD versus TD youth, particularly in ASD youth with higher SOR.
A systematic review of validity of US survey measures for assessing substance use and substance use disorders
Creators: name: Tang, Yuni
name: Caswell, Erin
name: Smith, Gordon
name: Osmanovic, Edis
name: Wilson, Natalie
name: Bhandari, Ruchi
name: Mohamed, Rowida
name: Hartley, Summer D.
Publisher: name: Springer Nature
Year: 2024

description:
Background The steep rise in substance use and substance use disorder (SUD) shows an urgency to assess its prevalence using valid measures. This systematic review summarizes the validity of measures to assess the prevalence of substance use and SUD in the US estimated in population and sub-population-based surveys.


Methods A literature search was performed using nine online databases. Studies were included in the review if they were published in English and tested the validity of substance use and SUD measures among US adults at the general or sub-population level. Independent reviews were conducted by the authors to complete data synthesis and assess the risk of bias.


Results Overall, 46 studies validating substance use/SUD (n = 46) measures were included in this review, in which 63% were conducted in clinical settings and 89% assessed the validity of SUD measures. Among the studies that assessed SUD screening measures, 78% examined a generic SUD measure, and the rest screened for specific disorders. Almost every study used a different survey measure. Overall, sensitivity and specificity tests were conducted in over a third of the studies for validation, and 10 studies used receiver operating characteristics curve.


Conclusion Findings suggest a lack of standardized methods in surveys measuring and reporting prevalence of substance use/SUD among US adults. It highlights a critical need to develop short measures for assessing SUD that do not require lengthy, time-consuming data collection that would be difficult to incorporate into population-based surveys assessing a multitude of health dimensions.Systematic review registrationPROSPERO CRD42022298280.
64821: The Hydra: November 1917
Creators: name: Project Team, First World War Poetry Digital Archive
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 430304
subject: British history
classificationCode: 430308
subject: European history (excl. British, classical Greek and Roman)
classificationCode: 430316
subject: International history

description: Illustrated cover of 'The Hydra' for November 1917 showing a 'Hydra' attacking a soldier, flanked by two nurses / advertisement for Edinburgh purveyors of military coats. |File description(s):Illustrated cover of 'The Hydra' for November 1917 showing a 'Hydra' attacking a soldier, flanked by two nurses / advertisement for Edinburgh purveyors of military coats.
Advertisements for Edinburgh purveyors of jewelry and photographic equipment / tailoring.
Advertisements for Edinburgh purveyors of leather goods, boots, stationary / Christmas cards for officers and 'Advertisers' Map'.
Advertisements for Edinburgh cutlers and options and a restaurant / advertisement for and photograph of an Edinburgh photographer's establishment.
Photographs entitled 'Our Commanding Officers' / Editorial calling for submissions and defining purpose of 'The Hydra'.
Concludes editorial and contains poem entitled 'Reciprocity' by John Drinkwater / begins story entitled 'Arras and Captain Satan' by John Carmont.
Continues story entitled 'Arras and Captain Satan' by John Carmont.
Begins the 'Ballads of France' with 'The Red Chateau at Courcelette' / 'Any Private to Any Private'.
'Whole Existence' by 'R.'.
'The Downstairs Dialogues' / poem entitled 'Nonsense Verses' / drawing entitled 'Profiteers' by G. K . Chesterton.
Continues from previous issues 'Tales of Third Class Travel' by Cockburn Harvey / poem entitled 'Thrushes' by Siegfried Sassoon.
Contains summary of notes on the clubs of the Craiglockhart War Hospital Officers' Club / general note / church notices / golfing report.
Continues reports on 'Officers' Club' news, including reports on the Model Yacht Club, the Debating Society, the Camera Club and tennis and badminton / Billiards, Whist Drives and the Boys' Training Club.
Continues report on the Boys' Training Club / the Field Club.
Review of recent concerts, arrivals and departures / poem entitled 'Youth and Age' by Cockburn Harvey and 'Stop-Press News'.
Advertisements for Edinburgh purveyors of insurance and cigarettes / stationary and military clothing.
Advertisements for Edinburgh purveyors of oatcakes and glasses / regimental ashtrays.
Advertisements for Edinburgh purveyors of sporting equipment and cigarettes / china.
In-vitro effects of novel periodontal scalers with a planar ultrasonic piezoelectric transducer on periodontal biofilm removal, dentine surface roughness, and periodontal ligament fibroblasts adhesion
Creators: name: Berto, Luciana Aranha
name: Ettmayer, Johanna Blanda
name: Stutzer, Diego
name: Nietzsche, Sandor
name: Niederhauser, Thomas
name: Burger, Jürgen
name: Sculean, Anton
name: Eick, Sigrun
name: Hofmann, Martin
Publisher: name: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Year: 2024

description: Objectives: To compare ultrasonic scaler prototypes based on a planar piezoelectric transducer with different working frequencies featuring a titanium (Ti-20, Ti-28, and Ti-40) or stainless steel (SS-28) instrument, with a commercially available scaler (com-29) in terms of biofilm removal and reformation, dentine surface roughness and adhesion of periodontal fibroblasts. Materials and methods: A periodontal multi-species biofilm was formed on specimens with dentine slices. Thereafter specimens were instrumented with scalers in a periodontal pocket model or left untreated (control). The remaining biofilms were quantified and allowed to reform on instrumented dentine slices. In addition, fibroblasts were seeded for attachment evaluation after 72 h of incubation. Dentine surface roughness was analyzed before and after instrumentation. Results: All tested instruments reduced the colony-forming unit (cfu) counts by about 3 to 4 log10 and the biofilm quantity (each p < 0.01 vs. control), but with no statistically significant difference between the instrumented groups. After 24-hour biofilm reformation, no differences in cfu counts were observed between any groups, but the biofilm quantity was about 50% in all instrumented groups compared to the control. The attachment of fibroblasts on instrumented dentine was significantly higher than on untreated dentine (p < 0.05), with the exception of Ti-20. The dentine surface roughness was not affected by any instrumentation. Conclusions: The planar piezoelectric scaler prototypes are able to efficiently remove biofilm without dentine surface alterations, regardless of the operating frequency or instrument material. Clinical relevance: Ultrasonic scalers based on a planar piezoelectric transducer might be an alternative to currently available ultrasonic scalers.
THE FUNCTION OF LITERARY COMPETENCIES IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE INSTRUCTION
Creators: name: Fayziyeva, Gulchiroy
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Literature has a big impact on language acquisition since it helps people become more proficient in the language and develop a deeper comprehension of the English language. Literary competences provide a special way for language learners to advance their knowledge beyond grammar and vocabulary. These competencies include the capacity to evaluate, comprehend, and analyze literary works. The significance of literary competencies in English language instruction is examined in this essay, along with how they support comprehensive language acquisition.
ART history prior to conception: trends and association with postpartum disengagement from HIV care in Khayelitsha, South Africa (2013–2019): a retrospective cohort study
Creators: name: Myer, Landon
name: Kassanjee, Reshma
name: Davies, Mary‐Ann
name: Maxwell, Nicola
name: Moolla, Haroon
name: Boulle, Andrew
name: Anderson, Kim
name: Euvrard, Jonathan
name: de Waal, Renee
name: Johnson, Leigh
name: Chi, Benjamin H.
name: Phillips, Tamsin Kate
name: Cornell, Morna
Publisher: name: Wiley
Year: 2024

description:
INTRODUCTION: In recent years, the expansion of HIV treatment eligibility has resulted in an increase in people with antiretroviral therapy (ART) experience prior to pregnancy but little is known about postpartum engagement in care in this population. We examined differences in disengagement from HIV care after delivery by maternal ART history before conception. METHODS: We analysed data from people living with HIV (aged 15-49) in Khayelitsha, South Africa, with ≥1 live birth between April 2013 and March 2019. We described trends over time in ART history prior to estimated conception, classifying ART history groups as: (A) on ART with no disengagement (>270 days with no evidence of HIV care); (B) returned before pregnancy following disengagement; (C) restarted ART in pregnancy after disengagement; and (D) ART new start in pregnancy. We used Kaplan-Meier curves and proportional-hazards models (adjusted for maternal age, number of pregnancy records and year of delivery) to examine the time to disengagement from delivery to 2 years postpartum. RESULTS: Among 7309 pregnancies (in 6680 individuals), the proportion on ART (A) increased from 19% in 2013 to 41% in 2019. The proportions of those who returned (B) and restarted (C) increased from 2% to 13% and from 2% to 10%, respectively. There was a corresponding decline in the proportion of new starts (D) from 77% in 2013 to 36% in 2019. In the first recorded pregnancy per person in the study period, 26% (95% CI 25-27%) had disengaged from care by 1 year and 34% (95% CI 33-36%) by 2 years postpartum. Individuals who returned (B: aHR 2.10, 95% CI 1.70-2.60), restarted (C: aHR 3.32, 95% CI 2.70-4.09) and newly started ART (D: aHR 2.41, 95% CI 2.12-2.74) had increased hazards of postpartum disengagement compared to those on ART (A). CONCLUSIONS: There is a growing population of people with ART experience prior to conception and postpartum disengagement varies substantially by ART history. Antenatal care presents an important opportunity to understand prior ART experiences and an entry into interventions for strengthened engagement in HIV care.
Clinical Prediction Models Combining Routine Clinical Measures Have High Accuracy in Identifying Youth-Onset Type 2 Diabetes Defined by Maintained Endogenous Insulin Secretion: The SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Study.
Creators: name: Redondo, Maria J
name: Shah, Amy S
name: Dabelea, Dana M
name: Divers, Jasmin
name: Lustigova, Eva
name: Hagopian, William A
name: Oram, Richard A
name: Pihoker, Catherine
name: D'Agostino, Ralph B
name: Shields, Beverley M
name: Marcovina, Santica M
name: Mottl, Amy K
name: Jones, Angus G
name: Knupp, Julieanne
name: Williams, Adrienne
Publisher: name: American Diabetes Association
Year: 2024

description:
OBJECTIVE: With high prevalence of obesity and overlapping features between diabetes subtypes, accurately classifying youth-onset diabetes can be challenging. We aimed to develop prediction models that, using characteristics available at diabetes diagnosis, can identify youth who will retain endogenous insulin secretion at levels consistent with type 2 diabetes (T2D). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: We studied 2,966 youth with diabetes in the prospective SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth study (diagnosis age ≤19 years) to develop prediction models to identify participants with fasting C-peptide ≥250 pmol/L (≥0.75 ng/mL) after >3 years' (median 74 months) diabetes duration. Models included clinical measures at the baseline visit, at a mean diabetes duration of 11 months (age, BMI, sex, waist circumference, HDL cholesterol), with and without islet autoantibodies (GADA, IA-2A) and a Type 1 Diabetes Genetic Risk Score (T1DGRS). RESULTS: Models using routine clinical measures with or without autoantibodies and T1DGRS were highly accurate in identifying participants with C-peptide ≥0.75 ng/mL (17% of participants; 2.3% and 53% of those with and without positive autoantibodies) (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve [AUCROC] 0.95-0.98). In internal validation, optimism was very low, with excellent calibration (slope 0.995-0.999). Models retained high performance for predicting retained C-peptide in older youth with obesity (AUCROC 0.88-0.96) and in subgroups defined by self-reported race/ethnicity (AUCROC 0.88-0.97), autoantibody status (AUCROC 0.87-0.96), and clinically diagnosed diabetes types (AUCROC 0.81-0.92). CONCLUSIONS: Prediction models combining routine clinical measures at diabetes diagnosis, with or without islet autoantibodies or T1DGRS, can accurately identify youth with diabetes who maintain endogenous insulin secretion in the range associated with T2D.
Zeit verschiedenster Herausforderungen
Creators: name: Feuz, Stefanie
Publisher: name: Berner Fachhochschule BFH, Hochschule der Künste Bern
Year: 2024

description: Die psychische Gesundheit von Kunststudierenden in der Schweiz ist ein komplexes und wichtiges Thema. Wenn Sie an den Berner Hochschulen studieren oder arbeiten und Unterstützung benötigen, zögern Sie nicht, sich an die Beratungsstelle der Berner Hochschulen zu wenden.
Polygenic subtype identified in ACCORD trial displays a favorable type 2 diabetes phenotype in the UKBiobank population
Creators: name: Hershberger, Courtney
name: Pantalone, Kevin M.
name: Mariam, Arshiya
name: Buse, John B.
name: Motsinger-Reif, Alison A.
name: Rotroff, Daniel M.
Publisher: name: Springer Nature
Year: 2024

description:
Introduction We previously identified a genetic subtype (C4) of type 2 diabetes (T2D), benefitting from intensive glycemia treatment in the Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes (ACCORD) trial. Here, we characterized the population of patients that met the C4 criteria in the UKBiobank cohort.Research design and methodsUsing our polygenic score (PS), we identified C4 individuals in the UKBiobank and tested C4 status with risk of developing T2D, cardiovascular disease (CVD) outcomes, and differences in T2D medications.


Results C4 individuals were less likely to develop T2D, were slightly older at T2D diagnosis, had lower HbA1c values, and were less likely to be prescribed T2D medications (P < .05). Genetic variants in MAS1 and IGF2R, major components of the C4 PS, were associated with fewer overall T2D prescriptions.ConclusionWe have confirmed C4 individuals are a lower risk subpopulation of patients with T2D.
Intermediary liability and trade in follow-on innovation
Creators: name: Cuntz, Alexander
name: Sahli, Matthias
Publisher: name: Springer
Year: 2024
Subjects: Appropriation Art
Auctions
Copyright
Creative reuse
Differences-in-differences
Figurative arts
Hedonic price models
Intermediary liability

description: Intellectual property rights have changed the market value and direction of artistic innovation throughout art history, in particular when new creations built on the art of predecessors. In this paper, we test how changes in legal frameworks and litigation risks affected market value and commercial trade around artistic reuses in the figurative arts and the 'Appropriation Art' movement in particular. Appropriation artists borrow images from different sources and incorporate them into new, derivative works of art. By doing so, they risk infringing copyright but also put auction trade and artwork availability at litigation risk as liability can extend to market intermediaries, such as auction houses, museums, or galleries. Using a differences-in-differences model and large-scale online data, we investigate the causal impact of the prominent U.S. higher court decision on intermediary trade and the availability of artworks on sale in the Appropriation Art. As an exogenous shock, this decision changed the perceived litigation risk for market intermediaries around what constitutes fair use. Following the court decision, we find a temporary decline in the total number of global auctions in the Appropriation Art, a lower sales probability of these artworks, and a relocation of related auctions to non-U.S. houses.
Additional file 1 of Body Mass Index Asian populations category and stroke and heart disease in the adult population: a longitudinal study of the Indonesia Family Life Survey (IFLS) 2007 and 2014
Creators: name: Latief, Kamaluddin
name: Nurrika, Dieta
name: Tsai, Min-Kuang
name: Gao, Wayne
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mental Health

description: Supplementary Material 1
Association between pain intensity and body composition in adults with chronic non-specific low back pain: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Liechti, Melanie Nadia
name: Menegon, Massimo
name: Schurz, Alexander Philipp
name: Taeymans, Jan
name: Baur, Heiner
name: Clijsen, Ron
name: Malfliet, Anneleen
name: Lutz, Nathanael
Publisher: name: Wiley
Year: 2024

description: Introduction: This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the association between pain intensity and different body composition measures in adults suffering from chronic non-specific low back pain (CNLBP). Methods: A systematic literature search across five databases—PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library—was conducted. It identified observational studies published until January 2024. A meta-analysis was conducted incorporating a random-effects approach with Fisher's Z transformation. A critical appraisal of the included studies' quality was conducted. Results: Twenty-two studies were included. Of those, 20 were meta-analyzed, revealing positive, very weak correlations between pain intensity and body mass index (r = 0.11; 95% CI: 0.04 to 0.18), waist–hip ratio (r = 0.10; 95% CI: 0.14 to 0.34) and waist circumference (r = 0.09; 95% CI: 0.28 to 0.44). Not pooled study findings (e.g., hip circumference and body fat percentage) were narratively summarized, revealing 13 positive and four negative associations between pain intensity and body composition measures. Studies showed a substantial risk of bias due to unadjusted confounding factors and limited transferability of findings. Conclusion: This systematic review and meta-analysis provided very low-quality evidence for a positive, very weak association between pain intensity and body composition measures in adults with overweight and obesity suffering from CNLBP. The included studies had a substantial risk of bias due to their observational and crosssectional study designs, which prevents recommendations for clinical practice. Randomized controlled trials are needed to investigate the causal effect of interventions on body composition measures and pain intensity.
sj-docx-1-tag-10.1177_17562848231154103 – Supplemental material for Real-life effectiveness and safety of tofacitinib treatment in patients with ulcerative colitis: a KASID multicenter cohort study
Creators: name: Shin, Seung Hwan
name: Oh, Kyunghwan
name: Hong, Sung Noh
name: Lee, Jungbok
name: Oh, Shin Ju
name: Kim, Eun Soo
name: Na, Soo-Young
name: Kang, Sang-Bum
name: Koh, Seong-Joon
name: Bang, Ki Bae
name: Jung, Sung-Ae
name: Jung, Sung Hoon
name: Kim, Kyeong Ok
name: Park, Sang Hyoung
name: Yang, Suk-Kyun
name: Choi, Chang Hwan
name: Ye, Byong Duk
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 111199 Nutrition and Dietetics not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 111299 Oncology and Carcinogenesis not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 111599 Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-tag-10.1177_17562848231154103 for Real-life effectiveness and safety of tofacitinib treatment in patients with ulcerative colitis: a KASID multicenter cohort study by Seung Hwan Shin, Kyunghwan Oh, Sung Noh Hong, Jungbok Lee, Shin Ju Oh, Eun Soo Kim, Soo-Young Na, Sang-Bum Kang, Seong-Joon Koh, Ki Bae Bang, Sung-Ae Jung, Sung Hoon Jung, Kyeong Ok Kim, Sang Hyoung Park, Suk-Kyun Yang, Chang Hwan Choi and Byong Duk Ye in Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology
sj-docx-2-smo-10.1177_20503121231157217 – Supplemental material for Prevalence of low back pain among medical doctors of the teaching hospitals in Karachi, Pakistan: A cross-sectional survey
Creators: name: Javed, Salman
name: Dawood, Muhammad Hamza
name: Memon, Muhammad Waseem
name: Selod, Ibrahim Zahid
name: Seja, Arshi
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 111708 Health and Community Services
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Cardiology
subject: 110599 Dentistry not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 110305 Emergency Medicine
subject: 110306 Endocrinology
subject: 110308 Geriatrics and Gerontology
subject: 110904 Neurology and Neuromuscular Diseases
subject: 111099 Nursing not elsewhere classified
subject: 111199 Nutrition and Dietetics not elsewhere classified
subject: 111299 Oncology and Carcinogenesis not elsewhere classified
subject: 110314 Orthopaedics
subject: 110604 Sports Medicine
subject: 110315 Otorhinolaryngology
subject: 111702 Aged Health Care
subject: 111403 Paediatrics
subject: 111599 Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 170199 Psychology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: 110319 Psychiatry (incl. Psychotherapy)
subject: 111799 Public Health and Health Services not elsewhere classified
subject: 110203 Respiratory Diseases
subject: 160807 Sociological Methodology and Research Methods
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 110323 Surgery
subject: 70706 Veterinary Medicine
subject: FOS: Veterinary sciences

description: Supplemental material, sj-docx-2-smo-10.1177_20503121231157217 for Prevalence of low back pain among medical doctors of the teaching hospitals in Karachi, Pakistan: A cross-sectional survey by Salman Javed, Muhammad Hamza Dawood, Muhammad Waseem Memon, Ibrahim Zahid Selod and Arshi Seja in SAGE Open Medicine
Additional file 7 of Chronic high-sugar diet in adulthood protects Caenorhabditis elegans from 6-OHDA-induced dopaminergic neurodegeneration
Creators: name: Morton, Katherine S.
name: Hartman, Jessica H.
name: Heffernan, Nathan
name: Ryde, Ian T.
name: Kenny-Ganzert, Isabel W.
name: Meng, Lingfeng
name: Sherwood, David R.
name: Meyer, Joel N.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biochemistry
Medicine
Cell Biology
Neuroscience

description: Additional file 7: Fig. S7. Swimming Induced Paralysis Timecourse. BY200 worms were synchronized by timed egg lay and assessed for susceptibility to swimming induced paralysis at times correlating to various developmental and reproductive stages: 24-hours (L2 larval stage), 48-hours (L4 larval stage), 72-hours (early adults), 120-hours (mid-reproductive age adults), 168-hours (late-reproductive age adults), and 192-hours (post-reproductive, experiment timepoint). Three biological replicates were assessed for 24-168 hours, with 2 wells containing approximately 10 individuals each per replicate (n=6 per strain, per timepoint). The data for 192-hours is the data represented for D8 in figure 6D. Results were assessed by two-way ANOVA followed by Sidak’s Test for multiple comparisons with (p<0.05) as the threshold for significance. Only the 48-hour (L4) timepoint indicated a significant difference, p<0.0001.