cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Black Holes and Rings of minimal 5-dim. Supergravity
Creators: name: Behrndt, Klaus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this talk, I will summarize recent developments in 5-dimensional supergravity. Apart from black ring solutions, we will discuss the way of obtaining regular (bubbling) solutions with the same charges as black holes. We outline the procedure for the solution in five and four dimensions. Finally we explore the close relationship between 4- and 5-dimensional supersymmetric stationary solutions.
description: 9 pages, to appear in Proceedings of: RTN workshop: ``The quantum structure of space-time and the geometric nature of fundamental interactions'', Corfu, September 2005; improved refs
Simplified diagrammatic expansion for effective operator
Creators: name: Duan, Chang-Kui
name: Gong, Yungui
name: Dong, Hui-Ning
name: Reid, Michael F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For a quantum many-body problem, effective Hamiltonians that give exact eigenvalues in reduced model space usually have different expressions, diagrams and evaluation rules from effective transition operators that give exact transition matrix elements between effective eigenvectors in reduced model space. By modifying these diagrams slightly and considering the linked diagrams for all the terms of the same order, we find that the evaluation rules can be made the same for both effective Hamiltonian and effective transition operator diagrams, and in many cases it is possible to combine many diagrams into one modified diagram. We give the rules to evaluate these modified diagrams and show their validity.
description: 5 journal pages, 4 figures
Pattern stabilisation in swarms of programmable active matter: a probe for turbulence at large length scales
Creators: name: Popli, Pankaj
name: Perlekar, Prasad
name: Sengupta, Surajit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose an algorithm for creating stable, ordered, swarms of active robotic agents arranged in any given pattern. The strategy involves suppressing a class of fluctuations known as "non-affine" displacements, viz. those involving non-linear deformations of a reference pattern, while all (or most) affine deformations are allowed. We show that this can be achieved using precisely calculated, fluctuating, thrust forces associated with a vanishing average power input. A surprising outcome of our study is that once the structure of the swarm is maintained at steady state, the statistics of the underlying flow field is determined solely from the statistics of the forces needed to stabilize the swarm.
Connes-amenability of bidual and weighted semigroup algebras
Creators: name: Daws, Matthew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 22D15, 43A20, 46H25, 46H99

description: We investigate the notion of Connes-amenability for dual Banach algebras, as introduced by Runde, for bidual algebras and weighted semigroup algebras. We provide some simplifications to the notion of a $σWC$-virtual diagonal, as introduced by Runde, especially in the case of the bidual of an Arens regular Banach algebra. We apply these results to discrete, weighted, weakly cancellative semigroup algebras, showing that these behave in the same way as C$^*$-algebras with regards Connes-amenability of the bidual algebra. We also show that for each one of these cancellative semigroup algebras $l^1(S,ω)$, we have that $l^1(S,ω)$ is Connes-amenable (with respect to the canonical predual $c_0(S)$) if and only if $l^1(S,ω)$ is amenable, which is in turn equivalent to $S$ being an amenable group. This latter point was first shown by Gr{ö}nbæk, but we provide a unified proof. Finally, we consider the homological notion of injectivity, and show that here, weighted semigroup algebras do not behave like C$^*$-algebras.
description: 25 pages
Multipole decomposition of the general luminosity distance 'Hubble law' -- a new framework for observational cosmology
Creators: name: Heinesen, Asta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the luminosity distance series expansion to third order in redshift for a general space-time with no assumption on the metric tensor or the field equations prescribing it. It turns out that the coefficients of this general 'Hubble law' can be expressed in terms of a finite number of physically interpretable multipole coefficients. The multipole terms can be combined into effective direction dependent parameters replacing the Hubble constant, deceleration parameter, curvature parameter, and 'jerk' parameter of the Friedmann-Lema\^ıtre-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) class of metrics. Due to the finite number of multipole coefficients, the exact anisotropic Hubble law is given by 9, 25, 61 degrees of freedom in the $\mathcal{O}(z)$, $\mathcal{O}(z^2)$, $\mathcal{O}(z^3)$ vicinity of the observer respectively, where $z\!:=\,$redshift. This makes possible model independent determination of dynamical degrees of freedom of the cosmic neighbourhood of the observer and direct testing of the FLRW ansatz. We argue that the derived multipole representation of the general Hubble law provides a new framework with broad applications in observational cosmology.
description: 22 pages, v2: small additions, typos corrected, references added, matches published version in JCAP
Chemically bonded composite SOL-Gel ceramics : a study of alumina-phosphate reaction products
Creators: name: Moorlag, Carolyn
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Chemical bonding is an alternative bonding process to sintering and fusion and can usually be carried out at relatively low temperatures. This study focuses on the analysis of the aluminum phosphate reaction products formed by reaction of alumina and phosphates (phosphoric acid or monoaluminum phosphate) in low-temperature (100-600°C) systems to form chemically-bonded ceramics. The main objectives are the identification of products formed, determination of the influence of alumina sol phases, and characterization of some chemically-bonded coatings. Characterization studies are carried out by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, electron dispersive spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy, and magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. It is found that two product types, aluminum orthophosphates (AIPO4) and aluminum metaphosphates (A1(P03)3), are formed by separate reaction sequences. Aluminum metaphosphates (meta-A and meta-B) are formed from monoaluminum phosphate via aluminum triphosphate hydrate (ATH), and are favored by high phosphate-loading conditions (A1/P<1) and phosphate reaction with heat-treated (500°C) alumina sol. Aluminum orthophosphates form directly and are favored by low phosphate loading conditions (A1/P>1) and phosphate reaction with hydrated alumina sol phase. Analysis of morphology of mixed aluminum phosphate products generally shows 50-100 urn particles composed of alumina and AIPO4 phase with clusters of fine particles of phosphate rich phases (ATH, meta-B, meta-A) surrounding. When monoaluminum phosphate is used as a phosphate source rather than phosphoric acid, the reaction products are affected less by the Al/P ratio or the hydration of alumina sol. Heat-treated alumina sol phases, composed of either microcrystalline boehmite or y-alumina, are shown to affect the type and crystallinity of the aluminum phosphate reaction products. MAS NMR experiments are used to identify and quantify aluminum phosphate products formed. Microhardness of composite sol-gel ceramics impregnated with phosphoric acid is -2.5-3.0 GPa after heat treatment at 400-500°C. Decrease in microhardness with heat treatment at temperatures >400°C is correlated with crystallization of aluminum metaphosphate phases. Analysis of some ceramic coatings on metals analyzed for product content indicate that phosphate content in the coatings is low (Al/P>2). The information obtained from the study may be used to further develop energy-efficient alternatives to high-temperature firing of certain industrial ceramics.
Twistor Actions for Integrable Systems
Creators: name: Penna, Robert F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many integrable systems can be reformulated as holomorphic vector bundles on twistor space. This is a powerful organizing principle in the theory of integrable systems. One shortcoming is that it is formulated at the level of the equations of motion. From this perspective, it is mysterious that integrable systems have Lagrangians. In this paper, we study a Chern-Simons action on twistor space and use it to derive the Lagrangians of some integrable sigma models. Our focus is on examples that come from dimensionally reduced gravity and supergravity. The dimensional reduction of general relativity to two spacetime dimensions is an integrable coset sigma model coupled to a dilaton and 2d gravity. The dimensional reduction of supergravity to two spacetime dimensions is an integrable coset sigma model coupled to matter fermions, a dilaton, and 2d supergravity. We derive Lax operators and Lagrangians for these 2d integrable systems using the Chern-Simons theory on twistor space. In the supergravity example, we use an extended setup in which twistor Chern-Simons theory is coupled to a pair of matter fermions.
description: 22 pages
STATE TRADING IN AGRICULTURE: AN ANALYTICAL FRAMEWORK
Creators: name: Dixit, Praveen M.
name: Josling, Timothy E.
name: Dixit, Praveen M.
name: Josling, Timothy E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1997
Subjects: International Relations/Trade

description: This paper highlights some of the recent concerns regarding agricultural state trading enterprises (STEs) and proposes an analytical framework to examine the trade impacts of such entities. Issues associated with discriminatory pricing, exclusive rights to sell and purchase commodities, and unfair competitive advantage vis-a-vis private traders are expected to be major concerns on the export side, while on the import side, the relevance of tariffication in the presence of STEs is being questioned. Our paper proposes that, in most instances, tariff equivalents are the most relevant methodology to quantify the trade impacts of agricultural STEs. But, obtaining empirical information that would enable the calculation of such measures is not an easy task. To that end, a classification scheme that highlights the different types of STEs in terms of their ability to distort trade is proposed. Quantification can then focus on those most likely to impact trade.
Ion-induced effects in GEM & GEM/MHSP gaseous photomultipliers for the UV and the visible spectral range
Creators: name: Breskin, A.
name: Mormann, D.
name: Lyashenko, A.
name: Chechik, R.
name: Amaro, F. D.
name: Maia, J. M.
name: Veloso, J. F. C. A.
name: Santos, J. M. F. dos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the progress in the study of cascaded GEM and GEM/MHSP gas avalanche photomultipliers operating at atmospheric pressure, with CsI and bialkali photocathodes. They have single-photon sensitivity, ns time resolution and good localization properties. We summarize operational aspects and results, with the highlight of a high-gain stable gated operation of a visible-light device. Of particular importance are the results of a recent ion-backflow reduction study in different cascaded multipliers, affecting the detector's stability and the photocathode's liftime. We report on the significant progress in ion-blocking and provide first results on bialkali-photocathode aging under gas multiplication.
description: 6 pages, 8 figures
ASSESSING DOMESTIC SUPPORT PROVISIONS OF THE 2003 DRAFT TEXTS IN WTO AGRICULTURE NEGOTIATIONS
Creators: name: Brink, Lars
name: Brink, Lars
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
International Relations/Trade

description: The Doha Development Round of trade negotiations in the WTO aims to achieve substantial reductions in trade-distorting domestic support. The Harbinson draft modalities were tabled in March 2003, followed by less detailed draft framework texts for modalities before and during the Cancún meeting in September 2003. The framework texts introduce new provisions not present in the Harbinson modalities or in earlier proposals, modify some provisions and eliminate others. The Harbinson modalities and the five 2003 framework texts (EC-US, del Castillo, G-21, Derbez, and G-21) show differences and similarities and show how certain provisions evolved over time in, e.g., the green box, the blue and revised blue box, deminimis, AMS and Total AMS commitments, and the sum of overall support. To assess the various provisions consistent assumptions are adopted for the numerical values of reductions and other parameters, which remain subject to negotiations. The resulting entitlements to provide support, after full implementation, are assessed for USA, the EU, Japan, Canada and Brazil. This shows the significance of tiered reduction commitments of Total AMS, as opposed to equal reductions for all. It also shows the significance of the size of any caps on the amounts exempted as de minimis or as blue box payments. This is particularly the case if the set of policies qualifying as exempt is made larger and perhaps more distorting by removing the production-limiting condition on blue box payments. Capping product-specific AMS amounts based on past amounts would lock in existing differences between those who provide high support to many individual products and those who provide low support to individual products. The "maximum distorting support" (MDS) is calculated for the five Members under the provisions of each of the six texts. The EC-US draft framework would allow about the same MDS as the Harbinson modalities, while the del Castillo and Derbez frameworks would result in a twenty percent reduction from Harbinson. The G-20 framework (of September 9) would allow an MDS half as large as under Harbinson, and the G-21 framework (September 14) would yield an MDS equal to two-thirds of Harbinson's. Overall the provisions of the draft texts are found to be dauntingly complex, with several constraints operating at the same time. The largest possible reduction of Total AMS, combined with better rules on exemptions, could be effective in achieving the substantial reduction of trade-distorting support. The overall reduction of all non-green support without exemptions could also, if the reduction is large enough, effectively achieve that substantial reduction articulated in the Doha objective on domestic support.
On the Hall algebra of an elliptic curve, II
Creators: name: Schiffmann, Olivier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper is a sequel to math.AG/0505148, where the Hall algebra U^+_E of the category of coherent sheaves on an elliptic curve E defined over a finite field was explicitly described, and shown to be a two-parameter deformation of the ring of diagonal invariants R^+=C[x_1^{\pm 1}, ..., y_1,...]^{S_{\infty}} (in infinitely many variables). In the present work, we study a geometric version of this Hall algebra, by considering a convolution algebra of perverse sheaves on the moduli spaces of coherent sheaves on E. This allows us to define a "canonical basis" B of U^+_E in terms of intersection cohomology complexes. We also give a characterization of this basis in terms of an involution, a lattice and a certain PBW-type basis. Finally we provide some (loose) interpretation of the above construction in terms of Schubert varieties in (nonexistent!) "double affine grassmanian", and in terms of character sheaves of loop groups (both of type A).
description: 25 pages, Latex, several changes made in the presentation
Observation of a dissipative time crystal
Creators: name: Keßler, Hans
name: Kongkhambut, Phatthamon
name: Georges, Christoph
name: Mathey, Ludwig
name: Cosme, Jayson G.
name: Hemmerich, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The formation of a phase of matter can be associated with the spontaneous breaking of a symmetry. For crystallization, this broken symmetry is the spatial translation symmetry, as the atoms spontaneously localize in a periodic fashion. In analogy to spatial crystals, the spontaneous breaking of temporal translation symmetry results in the formation of time crystals. While recent and on-going experiments on driven isolated systems aim to minimize dissipative processes, as it is an undesired source of decay, well-designed dissipation has been put forth as a constitutive ingredient in the formation of dissipative time crystals (DTCs). Here, we present the first experimental realisation of a DTC, implemented in an atom-cavity system. Its defining feature is a period doubled switching between distinct chequerboard density wave patterns, induced by controlled cavity-dissipation and cavity-mediated interactions. We demonstrate the robustness of this phase against system parameter changes and temporal perturbations of the driving. Our work provides a framework for realising phases of matter with spatiotemporal order in presence of dissipation. We note that this is the natural environment of matter, and therefore shapes its physical phenomena profoundly, making its study imperative.
A Facile Process to Fabricate Phosphorus/Carbon Xerogel Composite as Anode for Sodium Ion Batteries
Creators: name: Deng, Changyu
name: Lu, Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Sodium ion batteries become popular due to their low cost. Among possible anode materials of sodium ion batteries, phosphorus has great potential owing to its high theoretical capacity. Previous research that yielded high capacity and long duration of phosphorus anode used expensive materials such as black phosphorus (BP) and phosphorene. To take advantage of the low cost of sodium ion batteries, we report a simple and low-cost method to fabricate anode: condensing red phosphorus on carbon xerogel. Even with large particle size (~ 50 $μ$m) and high mass loading (2 mg cm$^{-2}$), the composite cycled at 100 mA g$^{-1}$ yielded a capacity of 357 mA g$^{-1}$ or 2498 mAh g$^{-1}_P$ based on phosphorus after subtracting the contribution of carbon. The average coulombic efficiency is as high as 99.4%. When cycled at 200 mA g$^{-1}$, it yielded a capacity of 242 mAh g$^{-1}$ or 1723 mAh g$^{-1}_P$, with average degradation rate only 0.06% in 80 cycles. Our research provided an innovative approach to synthesize anodes for sodium ion batteries at extremely low cost, with performance exceeding or comparable to state-of-the-art materials, which will promote their commercialization.
MODELING THE U.S. SWEETENER SECTOR: AN APPLICATION TO THE ANALYSIS OF POLICY REFORM
Creators: name: Haley, Stephen L.
name: Haley, Stephen L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Industrial Organization
subject: Beet sugar
subject: cane sugar
subject: economic model
subject: fructose
subject: sugar

description: This report documents a modeling framework for the U.S. sweeteners industry developed in the Specialty Crops Branch (SCB) of the Economic Research Service (ERS). Several innovations not seen in other studies include the regional modeling of sugar processing capacity adjustments and detailed sectoral analysis of sweeteners demand, using an Almost Ideal Demand Systems (AIDS) approach. The report describes the use of the framework to evaluate the benefits and costs of the current U.S. sugar program.
Multiform description of the AKNS hierarchy and classical r-matrix
Creators: name: Caudrelier, Vincent
name: Stoppato, Matteo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In recent years, new properties of space-time duality in the Hamiltonian formalism of certain integrable classical field theories have been discovered and have led to their reformulation using ideas from covariant Hamiltonian field theory: in this sense, the covariant nature of their classical $r$-matrix structure was unraveled. Here, we solve the open question of extending these results to a whole hierarchy. We choose the Ablowitz-Kaup-Newell-Segur (AKNS) hierarchy. To do so, we introduce for the first time a Lagrangian multiform for the entire AKNS hierarchy. We use it to construct explicitly the necessary objects introduced previously by us: a symplectic multiform, a multi-time Poisson bracket and a Hamiltonian multiform. Equipped with these, we prove the following results: $(i)$ the Lax form containing the whole sequence of Lax matrices of the hierarchy possesses the rational classical $r$-matrix structure; $(ii)$ The zero curvature equations of the AKNS hierarchy are multiform Hamilton equations associated to our Hamiltonian multiform and multi-time Poisson bracket; $(iii)$ The Hamiltonian multiform provides a way to characterise the infinite set of conservation laws of the hierarchy reminiscent of the familiar criterion $\{I,H\}=0$ for a first integral $I$.
description: 34 pages; accepted version
CONSUMER DEMAND FOR TRACEABILITY
Creators: name: Hobbs, Jill E.
name: Hobbs, Jill E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety

description: Consumers have become more discerning in their food consumption choices. Food safety and food quality issues have moved to the forefront of consumer concerns, industry strategies, and in some cases, government policy. A variety of private sector and public policy traceability initiatives have emerged, partly with the objective of reducing consumer information asymmetry with respect to food safety and food quality attributes. This paper examines the role of traceability systems in the food industry and distinguishes between ex-post traceback systems and ex-ante quality verification systems. Examples of voluntary private sector livestock traceability systems and public sector traceability programs are discussed, including the trade implications of mandatory traceability and labeling. The paper presents preliminary results from experimental auctions measuring consumer willingness-to-pay for traceability, food safety and on-farm production assurances.
Circumstellar water vapour in M-type AGB stars: Radiative transfer models, abundances and predictions for HIFI
Creators: name: Maercker, Matthias
name: Schoeier, Fredrik L.
name: Olofsson, Hans
name: Bergman, Per
name: Ramstedt, Sofia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aims: By performing a detailed radiative transfer analysis, we determine fractional abundances of circumstellar H2O in the envelopes around six M-type asymptotic giant branch stars. The models are also used to predict H2O spectral line emission for the upcoming Herschel/HIFI mission. Methods: We use Infrared space observatory long wavelength spectrometer spectra to constrain the circumstellar fractional abundance distribution of ortho-H2O, using a non-local thermal equilibrium, and non-local, radiative transfer code based on the accelerated lambda iteration formalism. The mass-loss rates and kinetic temperature structures for the sample stars are determined through radiative transfer modelling of CO line emission based on the Monte-Carlo method. The density and temperature profiles of the circumstellar dust grains are determined through spectral energy distribution modelling using the publicly available code Dusty. Results: The determined ortho-H2O abundances lie between 1e-4 and 1.5e-3 relative to H2, with the exception of WX Psc, which has a much lower estimated ortho-H2O abundance of only 2e-6, possibly indicating H_2O adsorption onto dust grains or recent mass-loss-rate modulations. The estimated abundances are uncertain by, at best, a factor of a few. Conclusions: The high water abundance found for the majority of the sources suggests that either the `normal' chemical processes are very effective in producing H2O, or else non-local thermal equilibrium atmospheric chemistry, grain surface reactions, or a release of H_2O (e.g. from icy bodies like Kuiper belt objects) play a role. We provide predictions for ortho-H2O lines in the spectral window of Herschel/HIFI.
description: Accepted by A&A, Dec 12 2007, 13 pages, 8 figures, correct affiliation address
NON-TRADE CONCERNS AND DOMESTIC/INTERNATIONAL POLICY CHOICE
Creators: name: Blandford, David
name: Boisvert, Richard N.
name: Blandford, David
name: Boisvert, Richard N.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: agricultural trade
subject: non-trade concerns
subject: multifunctionality
subject: agricultural policy

description: In recent years increased emphasis has been placed on a range of "non-trade" concerns and their implications for the move towards freer trade. We review the basis of several of these concerns, focusing particularly on multifunctionality. The simple view of a fixed proportions relationship between agricultural production and non-commodity outputs, such as landscape amenities, is shown to be untenable. Nevertheless, policies to internalize the effects of multiple externalities and public goods must be selected jointly to account for any interrelationships among them, and/or the market goods from agricultural production. We argue that this requires a shift away from traditional agricultural policies with their commodity orientation, towards a new policy paradigm that has a natural resource focus. We also suggest that this will require a shift in the location of where policy is formed and implemented from the center to the community level. We believe that this change in policy focus would be consistent with the move to freer trade, although some expansion would be needed in the range of policies that are considered permissible under the green box category of the WTO Agreement on Agriculture. We argue that major non-trade concerns can be satisfied in a way that is not inconsistent with freer trade, and that freer trade would not undermine important domestic objectives.
Global well-posedness and decay for viscous water wave models
Creators: name: Granero-Belinchón, Rafael
name: Scrobogna, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The motion of the free surface of an incompressible fluid is a very active research area. Most of these works examine the case of an inviscid fluid. However, in several practical applications, there are instances where the viscous damping needs to be considered. In this paper we derive and study a new asymptotic model for the motion of unidirectional viscous water waves. In particular, we establish the global well-posedness in Sobolev spaces. Furthermore, we also establish the global well-posedness and decay of a fourth order PDE modelling bidirectional water waves with viscosity moving in deep water with or without surface tension effects.
AN ANALYSIS OF A UNITED STATES-CANADA-MEXICO FREE TRADE AGREEMENT
Creators: name: Grennes, Thomas J.
name: Estrada, Julio Hernandez
name: Krissoff, Barry
name: Matus Gardea, Jaime Arturo
name: Sharples, Jerry A.
name: Valdes, Constanza
name: Grennes, Thomas J.
name: Estrada, Julio Hernandez
name: Krissoff, Barry
name: Matus Gardea, Jaime Arturo
name: Sharples, Jerry A.
name: Valdes, Constanza
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1991
Subjects: International Relations/Trade

description: This is one of two papers commissioned by the International Agricultural Trade Research Consortium on various aspects related to the agricultural sector of a prospective North American Free Trade Agreement. The companion paper to this one has been prepared by a working group chaired by Richard Barichello, University of British Columbia. To minimize duplication with the Barichello paper this paper has given greater attention to the role of Mexico, currency exchange rates, and explicit modeling of the trade relationship.
Precise measurement of Gamma(Ks->pi+pi-(gamma))/Gamma(Ks->pi0pi0) with the KLOE detector at DAFNE
Creators: name: The KLOE Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using a sample of over 400 million phi->KsKl decays produced during the years 2001 and 2002 at the DAFNE e+e- collider, the ratio R=Gamma(Ks->pi+pi-(g))/Gamma(Ks->pi0pi0) has been measured with the KLOE detector. The result is R=2.2555+-0.0012(stat)+-0.0021(syst-stat)+-0.0050(syst), which is in good agreement with the previously published result based on the KLOE data sample from the year 2000. The average of the KLOE results is R=2.2549+-0.0054, reducing the total error by a factor of three, to 0.25%.
description: 13 pages, 13 figures, submitted to Eur. Phys. J. C
A Profile of Mpumalanga: Demographics, Poverty, Inequality and Unemployment
Creators: name: Pauw, Kalie
name: Pauw, Kalie
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Food Security and Poverty
Labor and Human Capital

description: This paper forms part of a series of papers that present profiles of South Africa's provinces, with a specific focus on key demographic statistics, poverty and inequality estimates, and estimates of unemployment. In this volume comparative statistics are presented for agricultural and non-agricultural households, as well as households from different racial groups, locations (metropolitan, urban and rural areas) and district municipalities of Mpumalanga. Most of the data presented are drawn from the Income and Expenditure Survey of 2000 and the Labour Force Survey of September 2000, while some comparative populations statistics are extracted from the National Census of 2001 (Statistics South Africa). The papers should be regarded as general guidelines to (agricultural) policymakers as to the current socio-economic situation in Mpumalanga, particularly with regards to poverty, inequality and unemployment.
Deprea orinocensis Rafinesque 1838
Creators: name: Deanna, Rocío
name: González, Segundo Leiva
name: Barboza, Gloria E.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Solanales
Solanaceae
Deprea
Deprea orinocensis

description: Deprea orinocensis (Kunth) Rafinesque (1838: 57).
Physalis orinocensis Kunth in Humboldt et al. (1818: 12).
Larnax suffruticosa (Dammer) Hunziker (1977: 8). Iochroma suffruticosum Dammer (1905: 386) synon. nov.
Lectotype (designated here):—[ECUADOR] Crescit in sylvis Montis Corozá, S.[odiro] n. 114/62—fl. et fr. Oct. 1891 (QPLS!, isolectotype: F 619431!).
Notes: —Dammer described I. suffruticosum Dammer (1905: 386) based on a Sodiro specimen deposited at B but this holotype was destroyed. The original specimens of Sodiro are thought to be deposited at QPLS and Q, both in Ecuador (Stafleu & Cowan 1985). No type specimen of I. suffruticosum was found in other herbaria (K, Q, B, BAF, NY, P, G, GH, MO, QCNE, QCA, USM, US) where Sodiro´s collections also exist. Fortunately, we found an isotype in QPLS and a small fragment accompanying the photograph at F (619431, barcode V0093670F).
Sodiro collected the type specimen at Montis Corozá (= Monte Corazón, Ecuador), which is a highland area situated between Cotopaxi and Pichincha Provinces. The specimen at QPLS consists of a well preserved branch with two flowers and various fruits. For this reason we have chosen it as the lectotype (Fig. 19 F). The JSTOR database (http://plants.jstor.org/specimen/ny00348284) has erroneously loaded the specimen Jaramillo et al. 8766 as isolectotype for I. suffruticosum based on a typed label from the unpublished Sawyer Ph.D. dissertation (1999). Jaramillo´s specimen belongs to Larnax toledoana Barboza & S. Leiva described in this article (see above).
Hunziker (1977) transferred I. suffruticosum to the genus Larnax and this name has remained in the literature until now. After a detailed analysis of the lectotype, the corolla shape and the ratio of corolla lobes to tube length demonstrate that it belongs to Deprea. The presence of branched hairs on the leaves and corolla, the ratio of corolla lobes to tube length (0.78:1), the length of pedicels shorter than 12 mm, and the conspicuous ribs in the accrescent calyx loosely enveloping the berry unequivocally match with Deprea orinocensis.
description: Published as part of Deanna, Rocío, González, Segundo Leiva & Barboza, Gloria E., 2014, Four new species and eighteen lectotypifications of Larnax from Ecuador and Peru and a new synonym of Deprea orinocensis (Solanaceae: Solanoideae, Physalideae), pp. 1-34 in Phytotaxa 167 (1) on page 31, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.167.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5153819
A Profile of the Western Cape Province: Demographics, Poverty, Inequality and Unemployment
Creators: name: Pauw, Kalie
name: Pauw, Kalie
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Food Security and Poverty
Labor and Human Capital

description: This paper forms part of a series of papers that present profiles of South Africa's provinces, with a specific focus on key demographic statistics, poverty and inequality estimates, and estimates of unemployment. In this volume comparative statistics are presented for agricultural and non-agricultural households, as well as households from different racial groups, locations (metropolitan, urban and rural areas) and district municipalities of the Western Cape. Most of the data presented are drawn from the Income and Expenditure Survey of 2000 and the Labour Force Survey of September 2000, while some comparative populations statistics are extracted from the National Census of 2001 (Statistics South Africa). The papers should be regarded as general guidelines to (agricultural) policymakers as to the current socio-economic situation in the Western Cape, particularly with regards to poverty, inequality and unemployment.
Conditional positive definiteness as a bridge between k-hyponormality and n-contractivity
Creators: name: Benhida, Chafiq
name: Curto, Raul E.
name: Exner, George R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 47

description: For sequences $α\equiv \{α_n\}_{n=0}^{\infty}$ of positive real numbers, called weights, we study the weighted shift operators $W_α$ having the property of moment infinite divisibility ($\mathcal{MID}$); that is, for any $p > 0$, the Schur power $W_α^p$ is subnormal. We first prove that $W_α$ is $\mathcal{MID}$ if and only if certain infinite matrices $\log M_γ(0)$ and $\log M_γ(1)$ are conditionally positive definite (CPD). Here $γ$ is the sequence of moments associated with $α$, $M_γ(0),M_γ(1)$ are the canonical Hankel matrices whose positive semi-definiteness determines the subnormality of $W_α$, and $\log$ is calculated entry-wise (i.e., in the sense of Schur or Hadamard). Next, we use conditional positive definiteness to establish a new bridge between $k$--hyponormality and $n$--contractivity, which sheds significant new light on how the two well known staircases from hyponormality to subnormality interact. As a consequence, we prove that a contractive weighted shift $W_α$ is $\mathcal{MID}$ if and only if for all $p>0$, $M_γ^p(0)$ and $M_γ^p(1)$ are CPD.
Willow tree
Creators: name: Ho, Andy C.T.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: We present a tree algorithm, called the willow tree, for financial derivative pricing. The setup of the tree uses a fixed number of spatial nodes at each time step. The transition probabilities are determine by solving linear programming problems. The willow tree method is radically superior in numerical performance when compared to the binomial tree method.
Spiral Vortices and Taylor Vortices in the Annulus between Rotating Cylinders and the Effect of an Axial Flow
Creators: name: Hoffmann, Ch.
name: Lücke, M.
name: Pinter, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present numerical simulations of vortices that appear via primary bifurcations out of the unstructured circular Couette flow in the Taylor-Couette system with counter-rotating as well as with co-rotating cylinders. The full, time dependent Navier-Stokes equations are solved with a combination of a finite difference and a Galerkin method for a fixed axial periodicity length of the vortex patterns and for a finite system of aspect ratio 12 with rigid nonrotating ends in a setup with radius ratio eta=0.5. Differences in structure, dynamics, symmetry properties, bifurcation and stability behavior between spiral vortices with azimuthal wave numbers M=+-1 and M=0 Taylor vortices are elucidated and compared in quantitative detail. Simulations in axially periodic systems and in finite systems with stationary rigid ends are compared with experimental spiral data. In a second part of the paper we determine how the above listed properties of the M=-1,0,1 vortex structures are changed by an externally imposed axial through-flow with Reynolds numbers in the range -40 <= Re <= 40. Among others we investigate when left handed or right handed spirals or toroidally closed vortices are preferred.
description: 14 pages, 15 figures
Forming Representative Household and Factor Groups for a South African SAM
Creators: name: Pauw, Kalie
name: Pauw, Kalie
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Consumer/Household Economics

description: This Technical Paper explains the formation of representative households and factor groups for inclusion in the PROVIDE Project Social Accounting Matrix. A general guideline for forming household and/or factor groups is that they should reproduce the socio-economic stratification within the society as accurately as possible. Such groups should also be made up of 'relatively homogenous' groups that are easily recognisable for policy purposes. Here the Income and Expenditure Survey (2000) and Labour Force Survey (September 2000) are used to find demographic statistics, income and expenditure patterns, and employment data used for the creation of representative household and factor groups. The current PROVIDE Social Accounting Matrix groups households according to a range of characteristics, first disaggregating by province and race, and thereafter factors such as agricultural employment, geographical location of the household (homeland or non-homeland), gender and education status of the head of the household, and income level of the household come into play. Provincial factor groups are disaggregated by race and skill level/occupation of the factor. Some alternative household and factor groupings, some of which were used in previous versions of the PROVIDE Social Accounting Matrix, are also discussed, as are a range of other characteristics that may be used to form interesting household groups for future Social Accounting Matrices.
The Organisation of Trade Data for Inclusion in a Social Accounting Matrix
Creators: name: Punt, Cecilia
name: Punt, Cecilia
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: International Relations/Trade

description: This paper describes the procedure followed to organise trade data obtained from the South African Revenue Service for inclusion in the PROVIDE Project Social Accounting Matrices. The data is aggregated in order to determine the custom's value of imports and exports, respectively, for each of the commodity groups identified in the Social Accounting Matrices. With regard to trading partners the trade data for South Africa is organized in such a way that it allows for the inclusion of multiple trading partners in the Social Accounting Matrices and that international trade at provincial level can be distinguished. Each data entry was mapped to a relevant commodity, province, and trading partner in three separate stages using three different mappings. General Algebraic Modelling Systems (GAMS) software was used to sort the trade data. Limitations of the data from the South African Revenue Service were addressed using additional information from Statistics South Africa, Global Insight and the South African Reserve Bank.
A computationally efficient physiologically comprehensive 3D-0D closed-loop model of the heart and circulation
Creators: name: Augustin, Christoph M.
name: Gsell, Matthias A. F.
name: Karabelas, Elias
name: Willemen, Erik
name: Prinzen, Frits W.
name: Lumens, Joost
name: Vigmond, Edward J.
name: Plank, Gernot
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Tissues and Organs (q-bio.TO)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Computer models of cardiac electro-mechanics (EM) show promise as an effective means for quantitative analysis of clinical data and, potentially, for predicting therapeutic responses.realize such advanced applications methodological key challenges must be addressed. Enhanced computational efficiency and robustness is crucial to facilitate, within tractable time frames, model personalization, the simulation of prolonged observation periods under a broad range of conditions, and physiological completeness encompassing therapy-relevant mechanisms is needed to endow models with predictive capabilities beyond the mere replication of observations. Here, we introduce a universal feature-complete cardiac EM modeling framework that builds on a flexible method for coupling a 3D model of bi-ventricular EM to the physiologically comprehensive 0D CircAdapt model representing atrial mechanics and closed-loop circulation. A detailed mathematical description is given and efficiency, robustness, and accuracy of numerical scheme and solver implementation are evaluated. After parameterization and stabilization of the coupled 3D-0D model to a limit cycle under baseline conditions, the model's ability to replicate physiological behaviors is demonstrated, by simulating the transient response to alterations in loading conditions and contractility, as induced by experimental protocols used for assessing systolic and diastolic ventricular properties. Mechanistic completeness and computational efficiency of this novel model render advanced applications geared towards predicting acute outcomes of EM therapies feasible.
description: This project has received funding from the EU's H2020 programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie Action InsiliCardio, GA No. 750835 and under the ERA-NET co-fund action No. 680969 (ERA-CVD SICVALVES) funded by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF), GA I 4652-B to CMA. The research was supported by the Grants F3210-N18 and I2760-B30 from the FWF and a BioTechMed Graz flagship award ILearnHeart to GP
Creating a 1995 OHS and a Combined OHS-IES Database in STATA
Creators: name: Pauw, Kalie
name: Pauw, Kalie
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Consumer/Household Economics

description: This paper builds on Technical Paper 2003: 1. It provides a technical description of how the 1995 October Household Survey (OHS) dataset was created in STATA and subsequently merged with the 1995 Income and Expenditure Survey (IES) dataset to form a combined dataset. The combined survey links household-level income statistics from IES 1995 with individual-level employment data from OHS 1995. This linking of data is necessary for the construction of the Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) sub-matrix that links factor income data to household income. Since the same set of households were visited for both surveys it is possible to merge observations using unique household identification numbers. All the STATA do-files are listed in the technical appendix.
The Liverpool Telescope Automatic Pipeline for Real-time GRB Afterglow Detection
Creators: name: Gomboc, A.
name: Monfardini, A.
name: Guidorzi, C.
name: Mundell, C. G.
name: Mottram, C. J.
name: Fraser, S. N.
name: Smith, R. J.
name: Steele, I. A.
name: Carter, D.
name: Bode, M. F.
name: Newsam, A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The 2-m robotic Liverpool Telescope (LT) is ideally suited to the rapid follow-up of unpredictable and transient events such as GRBs. Our GRB follow-up strategy is designed to identify optical/IR counterparts in real time; it involves the automatic triggering of initial observations, on receipt of an alert from Gamma Ray Observatories HETE-2, INTEGRAL and Swift, followed by automated data reduction, analysis, OT identification and subsequent observing mode choice. The lack of human intervention in this process requires robustness at all stages of the procedure. Here we describe the telescope, its instrumentation and GRB pipeline.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure, submitted to Il nuovo cimento (4th Workshop Gamma-Ray Bursts in the Afterglow Era, Rome, 18-22 October 2004)
ZAMONAVIY MAKTAB BOSHQARUVIDA INNOVATSION YONDASHUVLAR
Creators: name: Xaytimmetova, Elmira
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Maqolada maktab boshqaruvida zamonaviy usullar, innovatsion faoliyat va rahbarlik san'ati muhokama qilinadi. Menejment jarayoni ta'riflanib, ta'lim muassasalarida resurslarni rejalashtirish, tashkil etish va boshqarish orqali belgilangan maqsadlarga erishishning ahamiyati koʻrib chiqiladi