cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Interpretable Classification Models for Recidivism Prediction
Creators: name: Zeng, Jiaming
name: Ustun, Berk
name: Rudin, Cynthia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We investigate a long-debated question, which is how to create predictive models of recidivism that are sufficiently accurate, transparent, and interpretable to use for decision-making. This question is complicated as these models are used to support different decisions, from sentencing, to determining release on probation, to allocating preventative social services. Each use case might have an objective other than classification accuracy, such as a desired true positive rate (TPR) or false positive rate (FPR). Each (TPR, FPR) pair is a point on the receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve. We use popular machine learning methods to create models along the full ROC curve on a wide range of recidivism prediction problems. We show that many methods (SVM, Ridge Regression) produce equally accurate models along the full ROC curve. However, methods that designed for interpretability (CART, C5.0) cannot be tuned to produce models that are accurate and/or interpretable. To handle this shortcoming, we use a new method known as SLIM (Supersparse Linear Integer Models) to produce accurate, transparent, and interpretable models along the full ROC curve. These models can be used for decision-making for many different use cases, since they are just as accurate as the most powerful black-box machine learning models, but completely transparent, and highly interpretable.
description: 45 pages, 17 figures
Contours and Constraints of an Autism Genetic Database. Scientific, Social and Digital Species of Biovalue
Creators: name: Singh, Jennifer S.
Publisher: name: Tecnoscienza – Italian Journal of Science & Technology Studies
Year: 2019

description: This paper examines the scientific, social and digital processes that shape multiple forms of biovalue evident in the development, participation and use of the Simons Simplex Collection (SSC), the largest autism genetic databases in North America. Based on interviews with SSC study participants and investigators, as well as a content analysis of a range of SSC materials, this empirical study makes visible the various contours of biovalue that are entangled between scientists who use this data for autism research, families who donate their blood and medical information to gain access to needed resources, and digital networks of exchange that make hybrid connections between and among these emergent biosocial communities. By examining the production of and interactions between scientific, social and digital forms of biovalue this paper highlights the constraints embedded within this heterogeneous assemblage to offer a critical account of the limits of the SSC and subsequent knowledge production. I contend that while the multi-dimensionality of biovalue built into the fabric of the SSC structure creates various contours of biovalue, it structurally constrains the types of production and knowledge flows that are allowed to be conceived and generated.
description: Tecnoscienza – Italian Journal of Science & Technology Studies, Vol. 9 No. 2 (2018): Tecnoscienza Nr. 18
MOESM2 of Isolation of a genetically accessible thermophilic xylan degrading bacterium from compost
Creators: name: Daas, Martinus
name: Weijer, Antonius Van De
name: Vos, Willem De
name: Oost, John Van Der
name: Kranenburg, Richard Van
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology

description: Additional file 2: Table S1. Overview of the number of isolates recovered from the first isolation. Overview of the number of isolates recovered from the first isolation on CTVMy-CMC and CTVM-CMC media after 20 h, 48 h and 88 h. The pH was set at 6.5 and plates were incubated at 65 °C. Dilution series were plated from compost that had been shaken at 150 rpm for 3 h in the same medium and temperature.
A Compact High Velocity Cloud near the Magellanic Stream: Metallicity and Small-Scale Structure
Creators: name: Kumari, Nimisha
name: Fox, Andrew J.
name: Tumlinson, Jason
name: Thom, Christopher
name: Westmeier, Tobias
name: Ely, Justin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Magellanic Stream (MS) is a well-resolved gaseous tail originating from the Magellanic Clouds. Studies of its physical properties and chemical composition are needed to understand its role in Galactic evolution. We investigate the properties of a compact HVC (CHVC 224.0-83.4-197) lying close on the sky to the MS to determine whether it is physically connected to the Stream and to examine its internal structure. Our study is based on analysis of HST/COS spectra of three QSOs (Ton S210, B0120-28, and B0117-2837) all of which pass through this single cloud at small angular separation (\lessim 0.72°), allowing us to compare physical conditions on small spatial scales. No significant variation is detected in the ionization structure from one part of the cloud to the other. Using Cloudy photoionization models, toward Ton S210 we derive elemental abundances of [C/H] = -1.21 +/- 0.11, [Si/H] = -1.16 +/- 0.11, [Al/H] = -1.19 +/- 0.17 and [O/H] = -1.12 +/- 0.22, which agree within 0.09 dex. The CHVC abundances match the 0.1 solar abundances measured along the main body of the Stream. This suggests that the CHVC (and by extension the extended network of filaments to which it belongs) has an origin in the MS. It may represent a fragment that has been removed from the Stream as it interacts with the gaseous Galactic halo.
description: ApJ, accepted, 13 pages, 12 figures, 4 tables
Disentangling relativistic spin torques in a ferromagnet/semiconductor bilayer
Creators: name: Skinner, T. D.
name: Olejník, K.
name: Cunningham, L. K.
name: Kurebayashi, H.
name: Campion, R. P.
name: Gallagher, B. L.
name: Jungwirth, T.
name: Ferguson, A. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently discovered relativistic spin torques induced by a lateral current at a ferromagnet/paramagnet interface are a candidate spintronic technology for a new generation of electrically-controlled magnetic memory devices. Phenomenologically, the torques have field-like and antidamping-like components with distinct symmetries. Microscopically, they are considered to have two possible origins. In one picture, a spin-current generated in the paramagnet via the relativistic spin Hall effect (SHE) is absorbed in the ferromagnet and induces the spin transfer torque (STT). In the other picture, a non-equilibrium spin-density is generated via the relativistic inverse spin galvanic effect (ISGE) and induces the spin-orbit torque (SOT) in the ferromagnet. From the early observations in paramagnetic semiconductors, SHE and ISGE are known as companion phenomena that can both allow for electrically aligning spins in the same structure. It is essential for our basic physical understanding of the spin torques at the ferromagnet/paramagnet interface to experimentally disentangle the SHE and ISGE contributions. To achieve this we prepared an epitaxial transition-metal-ferromagnet/semiconductor-paramagnet single-crystal structure and performed a room-temperature vector analysis of the relativistic spin torques by means of the all-electrical ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) technique. By design, the field-like torque is governed by the ISGE-based mechanism in our structure while the antidamping-like torque is due to the SHE-based mechanism
Bloch dynamics in lattices with long range hoppings
Creators: name: Stockhofe, J.
name: Schmelcher, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a discrete Schrödinger equation with arbitrary long range hopping terms under the influence of an external force. The impact of long range hoppings on the single particle Bloch dynamics in the lattice is investigated. A closed expression for the propagator is given, based on which we analyze the dynamics of initially Gaussian wave packets. Our findings capture the anharmonic oscillations recently observed in zigzag lattices and furthermore provide a detailed quantitative description of the crossover between center of mass Bloch oscillations for wide wave packets and left-right symmetric width oscillations for narrow single site excitations. The analytical results are shown to be in agreement with numerical simulations. A helix lattice setup for ultracold atoms is proposed where such hopping terms to far neighbors can be experimentally tuned to sizable values.
description: 13 pages, 7 figures
Double-quarkonium production at a fixed-target experiment at the LHC (AFTER@LHC)
Creators: name: Lansberg, Jean-Philippe
name: Shao, Hua-Sheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present predictions for double-quarkonium production in the kinematical region relevant for the proposed fixed-target experiment using the LHC beams (dubbed as AFTER@LHC). These include all spin-triplet S -wave charmonium and bottomonium pairs, i.e. Psi(n_1S) + Psi(n_2S), Psi(n_1S) + Upsilon(m_1S) and Upsilon(m_1S) + Upsilon(m_2S ) with n_1,n_2 = 1,2 and m_1,m_2 = 1,2,3. We calculate the contributions from double-parton scatterings and single-parton scatterings. With an integrated luminosity of 20 fb-1 to be collected at AFTER@LHC, we find that the yields for double-charmonium production are large enough for differential distribution measurements. We discuss some differential distributions for J/Psi + J/Psi production, which can help to study the physics of double-parton and single-parton scatterings in a new energy range and which might also be sensitive to double intrinsic c-bar(c) coalescence at large negative Feynman x.
description: Latex, 24 pages, 23 figures, 12 tables. v2: published version: complete analysis of the colour-octet contributions for psi+Y production added and the impact of the NLO corrections discussed
Hybrid Zones, Bio-objectification and Microbiota in Human Breast Milk Banking
Creators: name: Romero-Bachiller, Carmen
name: Santoro, Pablo
Publisher: name: Tecnoscienza – Italian Journal of Science & Technology Studies
Year: 2019

description: This paper critically examines hybridity and complexity in human biobanking, focusing on current forms of human milk banking in Madrid (Spain). We present and analyze three practices where human breast milk is stored and circulated: the “12 de Octubre” human milk bank, set in a neonatology unit and based on altruistic donations; informal human milk sharing among mothers; and drug-development practices that use donated human milk as a source of probiotics. Our analysis show that these practices rely on complex socio-technical assemblages, which are also characterised by hybrid zones and points of intersection between them. By understanding bacteria as a boundary object, we analyze the entanglements, disentanglements and re-entanglements of microbiota in the mechanisms of human milk bio-objectification that each of these biobanking practices entails. The distinctions or confusions between “virtuous” and “wicked” bacteria are part of a complex choreography where political, technical and sociocultural aspects get entangled.
description: Tecnoscienza – Italian Journal of Science & Technology Studies, Vol. 9 No. 2 (2018): Tecnoscienza Nr. 18
Assets, Commodities and Biosocialities. Multiple Biovalues in Hybrid Biobanking Practices
Creators: name: Beltrame, Lorenzo
name: Hauskeller, Christine
Publisher: name: Tecnoscienza – Italian Journal of Science & Technology Studies
Year: 2019

description: Biobanks are crucial institutions in the infrastructure of contemporary life sciences. They depend on the participation of donors who give tissues and data. Through their participation, donors can build identities and form biosociality. Biobanks are key sites in the current bioeconomy, that enable the generation of value from those tissues and bioinformation, transformed into assets or commodities. We define biobanks as hybrid zones of heterogeneous practices that blur the boundaries between institutional sectors and ways of producing economic values. On that basis we introduce a novel empirical, realist approach to the analysis of biobanking economies, explaining the different economic and social biovalues that emerge from the practices of valuing and interacting between the researchers, biobank staff and donor participants in specific banking activities. We discuss why STS studies on biobanking should explore the concrete practices through which multiple biovalues as well as biosocialities are produced simultaneously and in configurations of mutual interdependence.
description: Tecnoscienza – Italian Journal of Science & Technology Studies, Vol. 9 No. 2 (2018): Tecnoscienza Nr. 18
The Conway-Maxwell-Poisson distribution: distributional theory and approximation
Creators: name: Daly, Fraser
name: Gaunt, Robert E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60E05, 60E15, 60F05, 62E10

description: The Conway-Maxwell-Poisson (CMP) distribution is a natural two-parameter generalisation of the Poisson distribution which has received some attention in the statistics literature in recent years by offering flexible generalisations of some well-known models. In this work, we begin by establishing some properties of both the CMP distribution and an analogous generalisation of the binomial distribution, which we refer to as the CMB distribution. We also consider some convergence results and approximations, including a bound on the total variation distance between a CMB distribution and the corresponding CMP limit.
description: 26 pages
Replication: Contrastive Learning and Data Augmentation in Traffic Classification Using a Flowpic Input Representation
Creators: name: Finamore, Alessandro
name: Wang, Chao
name: Krolikowski, Jonatan
name: Navarro, Jose M.
name: Chen, Fuxing
name: Rossi, Dario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Over the last years we witnessed a renewed interest toward Traffic Classification (TC) captivated by the rise of Deep Learning (DL). Yet, the vast majority of TC literature lacks code artifacts, performance assessments across datasets and reference comparisons against Machine Learning (ML) methods. Among those works, a recent study from IMC22 [16] is worth of attention since it adopts recent DL methodologies (namely, few-shot learning, self-supervision via contrastive learning and data augmentation) appealing for networking as they enable to learn from a few samples and transfer across datasets. The main result of [16] on the UCDAVIS19, ISCX-VPN and ISCX-Tor datasets is that, with such DL methodologies, 100 input samples are enough to achieve very high accuracy using an input representation called "flowpic" (i.e., a per-flow 2d histograms of the packets size evolution over time). In this paper (i) we reproduce [16] on the same datasets and (ii) we replicate its most salient aspect (the importance of data augmentation) on three additional public datasets (MIRAGE19, MIRAGE22 and UTMOBILENET21). While we confirm most of the original results, we also found a 20% accuracy drop on some of the investigated scenarios due to a data shift in the original dataset that we uncovered. Additionally, our study validates that the data augmentation strategies studied in [16] perform well on other datasets too. In the spirit of reproducibility and replicability we make all artifacts (code and data) available to the research community at https://tcbenchstack.github.io/tcbench/
description: to appear at ACM Internet Traffic Measurement (IMC) 2023, replication track
An Introduction to accessing genomic data using the Ensembl REST API
Creators: name: Moore, Benjamin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: open science
bioinformatics
open educational resources
ISCB
biomedical reserach
data science

description: The Ensembl REST API allows language agnostic programmatic access to Ensembl data. This tutorial will provide an introduction to the REST API and its documentation, and how to access various data types.
 The tutorial will be delivered by Benjamin Moore, Outreach Manager in EMBL-EBI. Docs: http://rest.ensembl.org Jupyter book: https://colab.research.google.com/drive/1v1l8aLVw2qm9cHQRzk-yUnO2wTNTnMe4?usp=sharing
Sheep grazing winter cereals: impact on crop production
Creators: name: Kairsty, Topp
name: Robin, Walker
name: Zach, Reilly
name: David, Ross
name: David, Lawson
name: Watson Christine
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Winter grazing cereals
Feeding value
Biomass

description: Paper presented at ESA 2022, Potsdam, on 1st September 2022. Scottish Government funding was acknowledged orally during presentation.
Cross-modal and Cross-domain Knowledge Transfer for Label-free 3D Segmentation
Creators: name: Zhang, Jingyu
name: Yang, Huitong
name: Wu, Dai-Jie
name: Keung, Jacky
name: Li, Xuesong
name: Zhu, Xinge
name: Ma, Yuexin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Current state-of-the-art point cloud-based perception methods usually rely on large-scale labeled data, which requires expensive manual annotations. A natural option is to explore the unsupervised methodology for 3D perception tasks. However, such methods often face substantial performance-drop difficulties. Fortunately, we found that there exist amounts of image-based datasets and an alternative can be proposed, i.e., transferring the knowledge in the 2D images to 3D point clouds. Specifically, we propose a novel approach for the challenging cross-modal and cross-domain adaptation task by fully exploring the relationship between images and point clouds and designing effective feature alignment strategies. Without any 3D labels, our method achieves state-of-the-art performance for 3D point cloud semantic segmentation on SemanticKITTI by using the knowledge of KITTI360 and GTA5, compared to existing unsupervised and weakly-supervised baselines.
description: 12 pages,4 figures,accepted
Tunable Cobalt Vacancies and Related Properties in LaCoxAs2
Creators: name: Shen, Shijie
name: Wang, Gang
name: Jin, Shifeng
name: Huang, Qingzhen
name: Ying, Tianping
name: Li, Dandan
name: Lai, Xiaofang
name: Zhou, Tingting
name: Zhang, Han
name: Lin, Zhiping
name: Wu, Xiaozhi
name: Chen, Xiaolong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The origin of transition metal vacancies and their effects on the properties of ThCr2Si2-type compounds have been less studied and poorly understood. Here we carefully investigate the structure, physical properties, and electronic structure for a series of lanthanum cobalt arsenides with nominal composition of LaCoxAs2 (1.6 < = x < = 2.1). It is revealed that the occupancy of Co can be tuned between 1.98(1) and 1.61(1). The structural analyses based on X-ray and neutron diffractions show the existence of Co vacancies results from charge balance due to the formation of bond between As-As. These Co vacancies affect the magnetic and electrical properties greatly, adjusting the Curie temperature from 205 to 47 K and increasing the resistivity by more than 100%. First principles calculations indicate that the Co vacancies weaken the spin polarization and reduce the density of states at the Fermi level, resulting in decreased Curie temperature and increased resistivity, respectively. Our results address the importance of transition metal vacancies in ThCr2Si2-type materials and offer a reliable route to tune the magnetism of ThCr2Si2-type structure.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures
Decomposition into Propagating and Evanescent Modes of Graphene Ribbons
Creators: name: Deng, Hai-Yao
name: Wakabayashi, Katsunori
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bulk modes (BM) are basis solutions to the Schrödinger equation and they are useful in a number of physical problems. In the present work, we establish a complete set of BMs for graphene ribbons at arbitrary energy. We derive analytical expressions for these modes and systematically classify them into propagating or evanescent mode. We also demonstrate their uses in efficient electronic transport simulations of graphene-based electronic devices within both the mode-matching method and the Green's function framework. Explicit constructions of Green's functions for infinite and semi-infinite graphene ribbons are presented.
Potential climate change impacts on the water balance of subcatchments of the River Spree, Germany
Creators: name: Pohle, I.
name: Koch, H.
name: Grünewald, U.
Publisher: name: München : European Geopyhsical Union
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Climate change
subject: climate effect
subject: evapotranspiration
subject: recharge
subject: summerwater budget
subject: winter
subject: 550

description: Lusatia is considered one of the driest regions of Germany. The climatic water balance is negative even under current climate conditions. Due to global climate change, increased temperatures and a shift of precipitation from summer to winter are expected. Therefore, it is of major interest whether the excess water in winter can be stored and to which extent it is used up on increasing evapotranspiration. Thus, this study focuses on estimating potential climate change impacts on the water balance of two subcatchments of the River Spree using the Soil and Water Integrated Model (SWIM). Climate input was taken from 100 realisations each of two scenarios of the STatistical Analogue Resampling scheme STAR assuming a further temperature increase of 0 K (scenario A) and 2 K by the year 2055 (scenario B) respectively. Resulting from increased temperatures and a shift in precipitation from summer to winter actual evapotranspiration is supposed to increase in winter and early spring, but to decrease in later spring and early summer. This is less pronounced for scenario A than for scenario B. Consequently, also the decrease in discharge and groundwater recharge in late spring is lower for scenario A than for scenario B. The highest differences of runoff generation and groundwater recharge between the two scenarios but also the highest ranges within the scenarios occur in summer and early autumn. It is planned to estimate potential climate change for the catchments of Spree, Schwarze Elster and Lusatian Neisse.
Ensemble Differential Evolution with Simulation-Based Hybridization and Self-Adaptation for Inventory Management Under Uncertainty
Creators: name: Maitra, Sarit
name: Mishra, Vivek
name: Kundu, Sukanya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This study proposes an Ensemble Differential Evolution with Simula-tion-Based Hybridization and Self-Adaptation (EDESH-SA) approach for inven-tory management (IM) under uncertainty. In this study, DE with multiple runs is combined with a simulation-based hybridization method that includes a self-adaptive mechanism that dynamically alters mutation and crossover rates based on the success or failure of each iteration. Due to its adaptability, the algorithm is able to handle the complexity and uncertainty present in IM. Utilizing Monte Carlo Simulation (MCS), the continuous review (CR) inventory strategy is ex-amined while accounting for stochasticity and various demand scenarios. This simulation-based approach enables a realistic assessment of the proposed algo-rithm's applicability in resolving the challenges faced by IM in practical settings. The empirical findings demonstrate the potential of the proposed method to im-prove the financial performance of IM and optimize large search spaces. The study makes use of performance testing with the Ackley function and Sensitivity Analysis with Perturbations to investigate how changes in variables affect the objective value. This analysis provides valuable insights into the behavior and robustness of the algorithm.
description: 15 pages, 6 figures, AsiaSIM 2023 (Springer)
title: Tecnoscienza – Italian Journal of Science & Technology Studies, Vol. 9 No. 2 (2018): Tecnoscienza Nr. 18
title: Tecnoscienza Nr. 18
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Tecnoscienza – Italian Journal Of Science & Technology Studies
Publisher: name: Tecnoscienza – Italian Journal of Science & Technology Studies
Year: 2019

description: SPECIAL ISSUE Biobanking Practices: Participation, Identities and Biovalues in the Making
description: Elisa Giomi and Sveva Magaraggia, Brutal relationships. Gender and violence in media culture, Il Mulino, 2017...209-212 Damon Krukowski, The New Analog. Listening and Reconnecting in a Digital World, MIT Press, 2017...206-209 Sarah Pink, Kerstin Leder Mackley, Roxana Morosanu, Val Mitchell and Tracy Bhamra, Making Homes. Ethnography and Design, Bloomsbury, 2017...201-206 Tim Seitz, Design Thinking and the new spirit of capitalism. Sociological consideration on an innovation culture, Transcript, 2017...198-201 Collective Biopolitic. The Rights of Indigenous Peoples in Genetic Research...181-196 Beyond the Formal Mechanisms of Public Engagement. Communicating Biobanking Research with Other Means...159-180 “It’s Actually Part of Clinical Care”. Mediating Biobanking Assets in the Entrepreneurial Hospital...133-158 Banking on Participation. Exploring the Co-production of Population and Public in Swiss Biobanking...109-132 Participation in the BioResource. Biobanking and Value in the Changing NHS...89-108 Contours and Constraints of an Autism Genetic Database. Scientific, Social and Digital Species of Biovalue...61-88 Hybrid Zones, Bio-objectification and Microbiota in Human Breast Milk Banking...33-60 Assets, Commodities and Biosocialities. Multiple Biovalues in Hybrid Biobanking Practices...5-31 NoArk (Cover’s Comment)
Shedding new light on the absence of fermionic superradiance and maximal infalling rate of fermions into a black hole
Creators: name: Dai, De-Chang
name: Stojkovic, Dejan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the complete classification of the bases in the rotating black hole background we separate superradiance from the Hawking effect. We first find that there is spontaneous particle creation for fermions by the potential outside the black hole horizon for the frequencies inside the superradiant regime, i.e. $ω
description: 6 pages, 3 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2306.17423
Additional file 7: of The care needs of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and their carers (CaNoPy): results of a qualitative study
Creators: name: Sampson, Cathy
name: Gill, Ben
name: Harrison, Nicholas
name: Annmarie Nelson
name: Byrne, Anthony
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Box 6. Diminished possibilities. (DOCX 12Â kb)
An ALMA-resolved view of 7000 au Protostellar Gas Ring around the Class I source CrA-IRS 2 as a possible sign of magnetic flux advection
Creators: name: Tokuda, Kazuki
name: Fukaya, Naofumi
name: Tachihara, Kengo
name: Omura, Mitsuki
name: Harada, Naoto
name: Nozaki, Shingo
name: Shoshi, Ayumu
name: Machida, Masahiro N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Transferring a significant fraction of the magnetic flux from a dense cloud core is essential in the star formation process. A ring-like structure produced by magnetic flux loss has been predicted theoretically, but no observational identification has been presented. We have performed ALMA observations of the Class I protostar IRS 2 in the Corona Australis star-forming region and resolved a distinctive gas ring in the C$^{18}$O ($J$ = 2-1) line emission. The center of this gas ring is $\sim$5,000 au away from the protostar, with a diameter of $\sim$7,000 au. The radial velocity of the gas is $\lesssim1$ km s$^{-1}$ blueshifted from that of the protostar, with a possible expanding feature judged from the velocity-field (moment 1) map and position-velocity diagram. These features are either observationally new or have been discovered but not discussed in depth because they are difficult to explain by well-studied protostellar phenomena such as molecular outflows and accretion streamers. A plausible interpretation is a magnetic wall created by the advection of magnetic flux which is theoretically expected in the Class 0/I phase during star formation as a removal mechanism of magnetic flux. Similar structures reported in the other young stellar sources could likely be candidates formed by the same mechanism, encouraging us to revisit the issue of magnetic flux transport in the early stages of star formation from an observational perspective.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures, Accepted for publication in the Astronomical Journal Letters
First-order correlation function of the stream of single-electron wave-packets
Creators: name: Moskalets, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The first-order correlation function, which is accessible experimentally, contains all essential information about the state of the system of non-interacting electrons. Here I discuss how this function can be used to answer the question whether the state of a periodic stream of single-electron wave-packets is a multi-particle state or it is the product of single-particle states. In the latter case the correlation function is expected to be factorizable while in the former case it is not. As an example I consider a train of Lorentzian in shape single-electron excitations, levitons. I demonstrate that the correlation function in time domain is factorizable or not depending on whether the wave-packets are separated or overlapping. In contrast, the correlation function in energy domain is always factorizable and thus cannot be used to distinguish single- and multi-particle states.
description: 12 pages, 3 figures
Size dependent strength of bcc metal micropillars: towards high strength surfaces by micropatterning
Creators: name: Schneider, Andreas
name: Arzt, Eduard
Publisher: name: Saarbrücken : Leibniz-Institut für Neue Materialien
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: 620

description: The size effect in body-centered cubic (bcc) metals was comprehensively investigated through microcompression tests performed on focused ion beam machined tungsten (W), molybdenum (Mo) and niobium (Nb) pillars, with single slip [235] and multiple slip [001] orientations. The relationship between yield strength and pillar diameter as well as the deformation morphologies were found to correlate with a parameter specific for bcc metals, i.e. the critical temperature Tc. This finding sheds new light on the phenomenon of small-scale plasticity in largely unexplored non-fcc metals. This effect may be used in the patterning of surfaces to achieve higher strengths.
Fine-grained Language Composition: A Case Study
Creators: name: Barrett, Edd
name: Bolz, Carl Friedrich
name: Diekmann, Lukas
name: Tratt, Laurence
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: D.3.4

description: Although run-time language composition is common, it normally takes the form of a crude Foreign Function Interface (FFI). While useful, such compositions tend to be coarse-grained and slow. In this paper we introduce a novel fine-grained syntactic composition of PHP and Python which allows users to embed each language inside the other, including referencing variables across languages. This composition raises novel design and implementation challenges. We show that good solutions can be found to the design challenges; and that the resulting implementation imposes an acceptable performance overhead of, at most, 2.6x.
description: 27 pages, 4 tables, 5 figures
Paracrine crosstalk between endothelial cells and cardiomyocytes during inflammation
Creators: name: Fourre, Jerome
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2020

description: Endothelial cells (EC) release paracrine factors which can modulate the survival, morphology, and function of neighbouring cardiomyocytes (CM), e.g. contraction and relaxation. In multiple cardiomyopathies, as well as in heart failure, EC dysfunction correlates strongly with severity and prognosis, and moreover, endothelial inflammation is thought to precede this dysfunction. While it is known that EC functions are modified by inflammation, the paracrine effects of this response on neighbouring CM are poorly understood and too often confused with those of endothelial dysfunction. I hypothesised that calcium handling and contractile properties of CM were differently regulated by inflamed EC. To investigate this, a co-culture system was first validated as a model of the paracrine EC-CM crosstalk. A pro-inflammatory cocktail of TNFα, IL-1β and hIL-6 (“Cytomix”) was then validated as a pre-conditioning treatment for cardiac microvascular EC. Adult ventricular CM were co-cultured with untreated or Cytomix-treated EC. Calcium transients were then analysed in CM using Fluo-4 and Fura-2. Cell contractility and relaxation were also studied using an automated CytoCypher™ system. Finally, living rat myocardial slices were used to investigate the effects of Cytomix in a more complex heterocellular model. Co-culture with Cytomix-treated EC induced a significant shortening of calcium transients in CM compared to untreated EC (thus validating the hypothesis). This was due to an increase in SERCA activity. However, the cell shortening amplitude and rate of relaxation were unaffected by co-culture or Cytomix treatment, while data also suggests that the myofilament sensitivity to calcium was unchanged. In cultured myocardial slices, Cytomix treatment increased force but not the passive tension, although this was limited to high levels of stretch and kinetics were unchanged compared to untreated slices. Further work is required to better define and understand these mechanisms. This could help determine the therapeutic potential of controlling EC function in inflammatory heart diseases.
SPORTDAGI MAG'LUBIYATLARDAN KEYIN PSIXOLOGIK TIKLANISH MUHIM ZARURIYAT SIFATIDA
Creators: name: Abdullayev, Akobr
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Sport g‘alaba va mag‘lubiyatdan iborat, buni har qanday sportchi tan olmas ekan, undagi psixologik holat murakkablashaveradi. Oliy sport yutuqlarini qozonish yo‘lidagi professional sportchilarning perfeksionizmi ko‘p hollarda ulardagi nevrotik buzilishlarga olib boradi, inson sifatida xató qilish mumkin ekanligini anglash esa sport psixologik tayyorgarlikda qo‘l keluvchi psixik qayishqoqlik ko‘nikmasi bilan namoyon bo‘ladi.
Lattice QCD Green's functions in maximally Abelian gauge: infrared Abelian dominance and the quark sector
Creators: name: Schröck, Mario
name: Vogt, Hannes
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: On lattice gauge field configurations with 2+1 dynamical quark flavors, we investigate the momentum space quark and gluon propagators in the combined maximally Abelian plus $U(1)_3\times U(1)_8$ Landau gauge. We extract the gluon fields from the lattice link variables and study the diagonal and off-diagonal gluon propagators. We find that the infrared region of the transverse diagonal gluon propagator is strongly enhanced compared to the off-diagonal propagator. The Dirac operator from the Asqtad action is inverted on the diagonal and off-diagonal gluon backgrounds separately. In agreement with the hypothesis of infrared Abelian dominance, we find that the off-diagonal gluon background hardly gives rise to any non-trivial quark dynamics while the quark propagator from the diagonal gluon background closely resembles its Landau gauge counterpart.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures; revised v2: references added
Episode 2: Multiverses Everywhere All at Once
Creators: name: Richards, Isabel
name: McCarthy, Ella
Publisher: name: Popsicule
Year: 2022
Subjects: Multiverse

description: The wait is over! Episode 2, on science and the multiverse trend in pop culture, is out now! Join us in exploring quantum theory, the sci-fi hit “Everything Everywhere All At Once”, and why we’re so obsessed with alternate realities. Sci_Burst – a podcast about science, popular culture and entertainment! We’re Isabel and Ella, two science communicators and Sci-fi nerds steering this spaceship into the multiverse of science fun! Our episodes cover everything from science in film and video games to comics, music, toys and beyond.
Additional file 3: of Production, secretion and purification of a correctly folded staphylococcal antigen in Lactococcus lactis
Creators: name: Samazan, Frédéric
name: Bachra Rokbi
name: Seguin, Delphine
name: Telles, Fabienne
name: Gautier, Valérie
name: Richarme, Gilbert
name: Chevret, Didier
name: Varela, Paloma
name: Velours, Christophe
name: Poquet, Isabelle
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Figure S2. rHtrA protein sequence. rHtrA proteins (rHtrA1 in panel A and rHtrA2 in panel B) are the mature secreted forms of hybrid precursors after the clivage of lactococcal SPExp4 signal-peptide (MKKINLALLTLATLMGVSST AVVFA) [20]. Both rHtrA proteins retain at their N-terminus, the first two negatively charged residues of mature secreted Exp4 form (in blue). At their C-terminus, they both bear a His6 tag (in brown). In both of them, the catalytic residue (Serine 255 in HtrA1 and Serine 619 in HtrA2) has been substituted to an Alanine residue (in red). N-terminally truncated HtrA proteins (after transmembrane deletion) are shown in black: in A, HtrA1ΔTM is HtrA1 (Q5HF46) starting at Aspartate 60 and in B, HtrA2ΔTM is HtrA2 (Q5HH63) starting at Aspartate 441 (see Figure 1).
Myocardial slices as an in vitro platform to study cardiac disease
Creators: name: Bardi, Ifigeneia
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2021

description: In vitro models are the pillars of fundamental research and drug discovery, offering reductionist methods to better understand cellular responses in isolation. Often these methods are oversimplified, which makes their relevance to human biology and clinical translation ambiguous. Living myocardial slices (LMSLMSs) are viable thin (200-400μm) cardiac tissue slices, with preserved native multicellularity, architecture, mechanical and electrophysiological responses. Recent development in their culture, by us and others, paved the way for long-term preservation of adult mammalian heart tissue in vitro, without significant changes in its function and structure. This model has been extensively used in healthy tissue; however, to date, there are no established pathological models to study disease progression in vitro. Here we hypothesised that LMSLMSs can be used as an informative in vitro disease model to study temporal and spatial changes in cardiac function/structure in response to local cardiac damage. Before inducing cardiac damage, we further improved and characterised the cultured LMS model by designing robust tissue holders, optimising the oxygenation of the media, and establishing the best slice thickness (300μ) for oxygen diffusion and tissue stability in culture. We found that the LMSLMSs were adequately oxygenated in the inner layers and responded to mechanical stimuli with an increase in their contraction and hyperpolarisation of the mitochondrial membrane. We then developed a cryoinjury model, by applying a cooled probe on the LMSLMSs. We found that injury created a distinct necrotic area, surrounded by a border zone (BZ). The injury resulted in preserved force but electrical instability, with the presence of spontaneous contractions. Microscopic analysis of the BZ showed the presence of high numbers of spontaneous Ca2+ sparks, which could be affected by inhibiting the activation of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CamKII). The inhibitory effect was more pronounced in endocardial LMSLMSs, showing transmural differences of CamKII under pathological conditions. Structural analysis of the BZ also showed an acute increase of the sarcomere length and loss of t-tubule density upon culture, that could also account for the arrhythmogenicity of the injured LMSLMSs. One application of therapeutic interventions on the model, by using extracellular vesicles (EVs), did not show any functional or molecular improvements. This thesis demonstrates the significance of using diseased LMSLMSs to study the way that local injury affects tissue stability, function, and structure. Further work is required to better understand the link between spontaneous Ca2+ and contraction events, as well as finding successful therapeutic interventions.
Rationality problem for quasi-monomial actions
Creators: name: Hoshi, Akinari
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11E72, 12F12, 12F20, 13A50, 14E08, 14M20, 20C10, 20G15, 20J06

description: We give a short survey of the rationality problem for quasi-monomial actions which includes Noether's problem and the rationality problem for algebraic tori, and report some results on rationality problem in three recent papers Hoshi, Kang and Kitayama [HKKi], Hoshi, Kang and Kunyavskii [HKKu] and Hoshi and Yamasaki [HY].
description: Survey article. RIMS Kokyuroku Bessatsu B51 (2014), 203-227. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1210.4525
Chirality selection in the vortex state of magnetic nanodisks with a screw dislocation
Creators: name: Butenko, A.B.
name: Rößler, U.K.
Publisher: name: Les Ulis : EDP Sciences
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: 620

description: Structural defects in magnetic crystalline materials may locally change magnetic properties and can significantly influence the behavior of magnetic nanostructures. E.g., surface-induced Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interactions can strongly affect vortex structures in magnetic nanodisks causing a chirality selection. Near lattice defects, the spin-orbit interactions induce local antisymmetric Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya exchange and cause effective anisotropies, which can result in spin canting. Broken inversion symmetry near a defect leads to locally chiral exchange. We present a phenomenological approach for dislocation-induced Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya couplings. As an example we investigate effects of a screw dislocation at the center of a magnetic nanodisk with a vortex state. By numerical calculations on vortex profiles we analyze equilibrium parameters of the vortex as functions of applied magnetic field and the material and geometrical parameters. It is proposed that magnetic nanodisks with defects provide a suitable experimental setting to study induced chirality by spin-orbit effects.
Joint Design of Source-Channel Codes with Linear Source Encoding Complexity and Good Channel Thresholds Based on Double-Protograph LDPC Codes
Creators: name: Zhan, Jia
name: Lau, Francis C. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose the use of a lower or upper triangular sub-base matrix to replace the identity matrix in the source-check-channel-variable linking protomatrix of a double-protograph low-density parity-check joint-source-channel code (DP-LDPC JSCC). The elements along the diagonal of the proposed lower or upper triangular sub-base matrix are assigned as "1" and the other non-zero elements can take any non-negative integral values. Compared with the traditional DP-LDPC JSCC designs, the new designs show a theoretical channel threshold improvement of up to 0.41 dB and a simulated source symbol error rate improvement of up to 0.5 dB at an error rate of 1e-6.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures, 3 tables, to appear in IEEE Communications Letters
The Imaginary Potential and Thermal Width of Moving Quarkonium from Holography
Creators: name: Fadafan, Kazem Bitaghsir
name: Tabatabaei, Seyed Kamal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effect of finite 't Hooft coupling corrections on the imaginary potential and the thermal width of a moving heavy quarkonium from the AdS/CFT correspondence. To study these corrections, we consider $\mathcal{R}^4$ terms and Gauss$-$Bonnet gravity. We conclude that the imaginary potential of a moving or static heavy quarkonium starts to be generated for smaller distances of quark and antiquark. Similar to the case of static heavy quarkonium, it is shown that by considering the corrections the thermal width becomes effectively smaller. The results are compared with analogous calculations in a weakly coupled plasma.
description: 16 pages, 15 figures. v2:clarifying remarks added and typos corrected, unchanged results. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1308.3971