cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A precise bare simulation approach to the minimization of some distances. Foundations
Creators: name: Broniatowski, Michel
name: Stummer, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In information theory -- as well as in the adjacent fields of statistics, machine learning, artificial intelligence, signal processing and pattern recognition -- many flexibilizations of the omnipresent Kullback-Leibler information distance (relative entropy) and of the closely related Shannon entropy have become frequently used tools. To tackle corresponding constrained minimization (respectively maximization) problems by a newly developed dimension-free bare (pure) simulation method, is the main goal of this paper. Almost no assumptions (like convexity) on the set of constraints are needed, within our discrete setup of arbitrary dimension, and our method is precise (i.e., converges in the limit). As a side effect, we also derive an innovative way of constructing new useful distances/divergences. To illustrate the core of our approach, we present numerous solved cases. The potential for widespread applicability is indicated, too; in particular, we deliver many recent references for uses of the involved distances/divergences and entropies in various different research fields (which may also serve as an interdisciplinary interface).
description: v3: considerably shortened and restructured version of v1/v2; 64 pages + 7 pages supplement. This work is accepted by the journal "IEEE Transactions on Information Theory", and is available in early-access form at https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9925151
Imbalanced Big Data Oversampling: Taxonomy, Algorithms, Software, Guidelines and Future Directions
Creators: name: Sleeman, William C.
name: Krawczyk, Bartosz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.5.2

description: Learning from imbalanced data is among the most challenging areas in contemporary machine learning. This becomes even more difficult when considered the context of big data that calls for dedicated architectures capable of high-performance processing. Apache Spark is a highly efficient and popular architecture, but it poses specific challenges for algorithms to be implemented for it. While oversampling algorithms are an effective way for handling class imbalance, they have not been designed for distributed environments. In this paper, we propose a holistic look on oversampling algorithms for imbalanced big data. We discuss the taxonomy of oversampling algorithms and their mechanisms used to handle skewed class distributions. We introduce a Spark library with 14 state-of-the-art oversampling algorithms implemented and evaluate their efficacy via extensive experimental study. Using binary and multi-class massive data sets, we analyze the effectiveness of oversampling algorithms and their relationships with different types of classifiers. We evaluate the trade-off between accuracy and time complexity of oversampling algorithms, as well as their scalability when increasing the size of data. This allows us to gain insight into the usefulness of specific components of oversampling algorithms for big data, as well as formulate guidelines and recommendations for designing future resampling approaches for massive imbalanced data. Our library can be downloaded from https://github.com/fsleeman/spark-class-balancing.git.
description: 52 pages, 9 tables, 13 figures, 15 algorithms
Genomic Research with the Newly Dead: A Crossroads for Ethics and Policy
Creators: name: Juengst, Eric T.
name: Davis, Arlene M.
name: Walker, Rebecca L.
name: Whipple, Warren
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Recent advances in next generation sequencing along with high hopes for genomic medicine have inspired interest in genomic research with the newly dead. However, applicable law does not adequately determine ethical or policy responses to such research. In this paper we propose that such research stands at a crossroads between other more established biomedical clinical and research practices. In addressing the ethical and policy issues raised by a particular research project within our institution comparatively with these other practices, we illustrate the moral significance of paying careful heed to where one looks for guidance in responding to ethical questions raised by a novel endeavor.
The Challenge of Informed Consent and Return of Results in Translational Genomics: Empirical Analysis and Recommendations
Creators: name: Knoppers, Bartha M.
name: Joffe, Steven
name: Appelbaum, Paul S.
name: Wolf, Susan M.
name: Henderson, Gail E.
name: Sharp, Richard R.
name: Yu, Joon-Ho
name: Parsons, D. Williams
name: Kuczynski, Kristine J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: As exome and genome sequencing move into clinical application, questions surround how to elicit consent and handle potential return of individual genomic results. This study analyzes nine consent forms used in NIH-funded sequencing studies. Content analysis reveals considerable heterogeneity, including in defining results that may be returned, identifying potential benefits and risks of return, protecting privacy, addressing placement of results in the medical record, and data-sharing. In response to lack of consensus, we offer recommendations.
Natural Killer cells in early pregnancy
Creators: name: Woon, Ee Von
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2022

description: Uterine NK cells (uNK) are the most numerous immune cells found in the uterine mucosa at the time of implantation, during mid-secretory phase of the menstrual cycle and in early pregnancy. They are thought to facilitate extravillous trophoblast (EVT) invasion and vascular remodelling during placentation. It has been recently discovered that uNK are comprised of three subsets in first trimester decidua which are postulated to have different roles in pregnancy. Here, I have used flow cytometry to interrogate the frequency, phenotype and function of uNK subsets through the human reproductive cycle. My findings showed that uNK1 and uNK2 peak in first trimester, but all three subsets upregulate KIR and LILRB1 receptors which interact with HLA-C and HLA-G on EVT cells respectively. Moreover, all three uNK subsets displayed highest ability to degranulate and produce IL-8, TNF-α and IFN-γ during the secretory phase. My systematic review on women with recurrent miscarriage (RM) and implantation failure (RIF) showed that total CD56+ cells in the uterus is significantly raised in the endometrium, but not in the decidua after miscarriage. I proceeded to assess uNK subsets in mid-luteal endometrium of women with unexplained infertility, RM and RIF. My findings suggest that reproductive failure is associated with global reduction of KIR and LILRB1 uNK receptors, reduced uNK activation and disrupted uNK cytokine production. In order to assess the efficacy of immunotherapy in RM and RIF patients with raised NK cells, I conducted another systematic review and concluded there is insufficient high-quality evidence to justify immunotherapy in RM and RIF patients with raised NK cells. Finally, I assessed circulating NK cells and NK progenitors to determine mechanism of recruitment for uNK. Although I was unable to make firm conclusion on which cell is being recruited, there are some suggestive trends on which chemokine receptors are involved. Taken together, my findings will inform greater focus on aspects of phenotype and function of uNK subsets in future research.
Universitätsarchiv, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität, Heidelberg
Creators: name: Beggio, Tommaso
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Paul Koschaker
Gustav Radbruch
Johannes Michael Scholz
Ernst Wahle
Carl Bezold
Karl Schultes
Anna Schultz
Siegfrid Schuelzenstein
Fritz Schulz
Carl Schumann
Reinhard Werer
J. H. Whitehead
Franz Villon
Alfred Wicher
Friedrich Wichert
Berthold Widmann

description: Archival notes from Universitätsarchiv, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg. Heid. Hs. 3989 II A – 80: A letter written by Johannes Michael Scholz to Prof. Ernst Wahle. Heid. Hs. 1501, 113: Three letters from Paul Koschaker to Carl Bezold. Heid. Hs. 3716 III. F. 1117-1122: Eight letters to Professor Gustav Radbruch,written by different people (3 by Dr. jur. Karl Schultes, 1 by Dr. iur. Anna Schultz, 1 by Siegfrid Schuelzenstein, 1 by Prof. Dr. Iur. Fritz Schulz, 2 by Carl Schumann). Heid. Hs. 3716 III. F. 1332-1337: Letters and other documents sent to Professor Gustav Radbruch.
The Fiduciary Relationship Model for Managing Clinical Genomic “Incidental” Findings
Creators: name: Lázaro-Muñoz, Gabriel
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: This paper examines how the application of legal fiduciary principles (e.g., physicians' duty of loyalty and care, duty to inform, and duty act within the scope of authority), can serve as a framework to promote management of clinical genomic "incidental" or secondary target findings that is patient-centered and consistent with recognized patient autonomy rights. The application of fiduciary principles to the clinical genomic testing context gives rise to at least four physician fiduciary duties in conflict with recent recommendations by the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG). These recommendations have generated much debate among lawyers, clinicians, and bioethicists hence I believe this publication will be of value and interest to your readership.
Automatic Placement of Genomic Research Results in Medical Records: Do Researchers Have a Duty? Should Participants Have a Choice?
Creators: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: In genomics research, it is becoming common practice to return individualized primary and incidental findings to participants and several ongoing major studies have begun to automatically transfer these results to a participant's clinical medical record. This paper explores who should decide whether to place genomic research findings into a clinical medical record. Should participants make this decision, or does a researcher's duty to place this information in a medical record override the participant's autonomy? We argue that there are no clear ethical, legal, professional, or regulatory duties that mandate placement without the consent of the participant. We conclude that informing participants of results, together with a clear explanation, relevant recommendations and referral sources, and the option to consent to placement in the medical records will best discharge researchers' ethical and legal duties towards participants.
Finite-Bandwidth Resonances of High-Order Axial Modes (HOAM) in a Gyrotron Cavity
Creators: name: Sabchevski, Svilen
name: Idehara, Toshitaka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Finite-bandwidth resonances of high-order axial modes (HOAM) in an open gyrotron cavity are studied numerically using the GYROSIM problem-oriented software package for modelling, simulation and computer-aided design (CAD) of gyrotron tubes.
description: 38 pages, 19 figures, 79 references
Screening LCC Public Summary
Creators: name: Youcef Cheikh, Mathieu Lions
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: The purpose of the Life Cycle Costing (LCC) analysis is to obtain and ultimately detail all costs items that were incurred by the products during its life cycle. Based on the LCA approach developed in the previous project task, all selected cost items were identified by the industrial partners.
 Although, during the project the division in ‘simple’ and ‘complex’ multilayers was changed into ‘mechanically recyclable’ and ‘physically recyclable’, this screening LCC study is executed on a ‘simple’ multilayer that is recycled in both ways. This multilayer product is composed of a layer of PET laminated to a layer of LDPE. During its life cycle, the products will be produced, transformed, trashed and ultimately recycled. The methodology has for objective to describe the cost along the life cycle:
 - Raw materials and manufacturing:
 o Use of transfer1 prices for the production of LDPE/PET raw materials
 - Distribution:
 o Use of transfer prices for the manufacture of ML.
 - Use:
 o Use of transfer prices for the production of bale of sorted ML waste.
 - End of life (including recycling):
 o the variable cost related to the transformation of the products (OPEX)
 o the fixed cost related to the work force and the maintenance (OPEX)
 o the immobilized assets such as equipment (CAPEX)
 Several systems or value chains are included in the LCC screening. Indeed, the two scenarios proposed within CIMPA, mechanical and physical recycling processes, are described in the figure below. Both scenarios will address the same LDPE/PET multilayer film as feedstock. This will guarantee that in a next step, both cost structures could be compared properly. Here it is noted that different types of films will be produced as output: the mechanical route will produce a novel multilayer type of film while the physical route produces a conventional multilayer film, similar to the feedstock.
 The system boundaries are chosen to included only the steps that add costs to the products compare to state of the art steps. For this LCC, it is assumed that applying the CIMPA concept to sorting will have no effect on the costs. However, this needs to be verified in the project and if needed implemented in the full LCC. Steps that will be in any case included in the value chain such as the production of the initial ML, the use by the consumers, etc., are excluded of the present LCC. In other words, the project proposes novel technology and novel path to valorise the ML waste and only those new steps are subjected to the LCC analysis. Those costs will be compared to other regular routes such as for example incineration. To include those costs in a state of the art value chain, transfer prices will be used.
Multipolar universal relations between f-mode frequency and tidal deformability of compact stars
Creators: name: Chan, T. K.
name: Sham, Y. -H.
name: Leung, P. T.
name: Lin, L. -M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Though individual stellar parameters of compact stars usually demonstrate obvious dependence on the equation of state (EOS), EOS-insensitive universal formulas relating these parameters remarkably exist. In the present paper, we explore the interrelationship between two such formulas, namely the $f$-$I$ relation connecting the $f$-mode quadrupole oscillation frequency $ω_2$ and the moment of inertia $I$, and the $I$-Love-$Q$ relations relating $I$, the quadrupole tidal deformability $λ_2$, and the quadrupole moment $Q$, which have been proposed by Lau, Leung, and Lin [Astrophys. J. {\bf 714}, 1234 (2010)] and Yagi and Yunes [Science {\bf 341}, 365 (2013)], respectively. A relativistic universal relation between $ω_l$ and $λ_l$ with the same angular momentum $l=2,3,\ldots$, the so-called "diagonal $f$-Love relation" that holds for realistic compact stars and stiff polytropic stars, is unveiled here. An in-depth investigation in the Newtonian limit is further carried out to pinpoint its underlying physical mechanism and hence leads to a unified $f$-$I$-Love relation. We reach the conclusion that these EOS-insensitive formulas stem from a common physical origin --- compact stars can be considered as quasiincompressible when they react to slow time variations introduced by $f$-mode oscillations, tidal forces and rotations.
description: Minor changes to match the published version
Standardizing Rare Disease Data Collection: It Takes an (Ontology) Village
Creators: name: Vasilevsky, Nicole
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Disease ontology
Online training
Biomedical ontology
Rare disease

description: Keynote talk at 4th U.S. Semantic Technologies Symposium (US2TS), East Lansing, MI, September 29, 2022.
description: https://us2ts.org/
DYPLODOC: Dynamic Plots for Document Classification
Creators: name: Malysheva, Anastasia
name: Tikhonov, Alexey
name: Yamshchikov, Ivan P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.7; I.2.6

description: Narrative generation and analysis are still on the fringe of modern natural language processing yet are crucial in a variety of applications. This paper proposes a feature extraction method for plot dynamics. We present a dataset that consists of the plot descriptions for thirteen thousand TV shows alongside meta-information on their genres and dynamic plots extracted from them. We validate the proposed tool for plot dynamics extraction and discuss possible applications of this method to the tasks of narrative analysis and generation.
Certificates of Confidentiality: Protecting Human Subject Research Data in Law and Practice
Creators: name: Wolf, Leslie
name: Patel, Mayank
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: The federal Certificate of Confidentiality plays an important role in research on sensitive topics by authorizing researchers to refuse to disclose identifiable research data in response to subpoenas in any legal setting. However, there is little known about how effective Certificates are in practice. This article draws on our legal and empirical research on this topic to fill this information gap. It includes a description of the purpose of Certificates, their legislative and regulatory history, and a summary of the few reported and unreported cases that have dealt with Certificates. In addition, we outline other statutory confidentiality protections, compare them to the Certificate's protections, and analyze some of the vulnerabilities of a Certificate's protections. This analysis allows us to make specific recommendations for strengthening the protections afforded to research data.
Regulating Tobacco Product Advertising and Promotions in the Retail Environment: A Roadmap for States and Localities
Creators: name: Ribisl, Kurt
name: Lange, Tamara
name: Hoefges, Michael
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Recent amendments to federal law and a burgeoning body of research have intensified public health officials' interest in reducing youth initiation of tobacco use, including by regulating the time, place, or manner of tobacco product advertising at the point of sale. This article analyzes legal obstacles to various strategies for reducing youth initiation.
Deutsches Literatur Archiv, Marbach am Neckar
Creators: name: Beggio, Tommaso
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Helmut Coing
Dolf Sternberger
Franz Wieacker
Reinhart Koselleck
Hans- Georg Gadamer
Juliane Partsch
Ernst Jünger
Hans Georg Brenner

description: Archival notes from Deutsches Literatur Archiv, Marbach am Neckar. Brenner, Hans Georg 02.18.66: A letter from Fritz Pringsheim to Juliane Partsch (29.09.1952). Briefe von Franz Wieacker an Gadamer (1945-1991) – Gadamer: 25 letters from Franz Wieacker to Hans-Georg Gadamer (from 1945 to 1991). Freiheit. 2. Mappe 4450 1989.10.8998: Documents regarding Dolf Sternberger, including a letter from Helmut Coing. Jünger 94.9: A letter from Helmut Coing to Ernst Jünger. Koselleck 2008.0095: 2 letters from Reinhart Koselleck to Helmut Coing, 1 letter from Helmut Coing to Reinhart Koselleck, and a Memorandum attached to Coing’s letter. Koselleck KAL: Letters to and from Reinhart Koselleck; one letter by Franz Wieacker to Reinhart Koselleck. Sternberger 89.10.3900/1-5; Sternberger 89.10.3900/14; Sternberger 89.10.3900/17: Four letters from Helmut Coing to Dolf Sternberger. Sternberger Mappe 605 1989.10.632: Documents regarding Dolf Sternberger, including a letter from Helmut Coing. Sternberger Mappe 1091 1989.10.1255/1-5: Three letters from Dolf Sternberger to Helmut Coing.
Temporary cooling of quasiparticles and delay in voltage response of superconducting bridges after abrupt switching on the supercritical current
Creators: name: Vodolazov, D. Yu.
name: Peeters, F. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit the problem of the dynamic response of a superconducting bridge after abruptly switching on the supercritical current $I>I_c$. In contrast to previous theoretical works we take into account spatial gradients and use both the local temperature approach and the kinetic equation for the distribution function of quasiparticles. In both models the finite delay time $t_d$ in the voltage response is connected with temporary cooling of quasiparticles due to the suppression of the superconducitng order parameter by current. We find that $t_d$ has different values and different temperature dependencies in the considered models. In turns out that the presence of even small inhomogeneities in the bridge or of bulk leads/contacts at the ends of the {\it homogenous} bridge favors a local suppression of the superconducting order parameter $|Δ|$ during the dynamic response. It results in a decrease of the delay time, in comparison with the spatially uniform model, due to the diffusion of nonequilibrium quasiparticles from the region with locally suppressed $|Δ|$. In case the current distribution is spatially nonuniform across the bridge the delay time is mainly connected with the time needed for the nucleation of the first vortex at the position where the current density is maximal (at $I\sim I_c$ and for not very wide films). We also find that a short alternating current pulse (sinusoid like) with zero time-average may result in a nonzero time-averaged voltage response where its sign depends on the phase of the ac current.
description: 13 pages, 11 figures
Agpat6 —a novel lipid biosynthetic gene required for triacylglycerol production in mammary epithelium
Creators: name: Coleman, Rosalind A.
name: Vergnes, Laurent
name: Young, Stephen G.
name: Beigneux, Anne P.
name: Walzem, Rosemary L.
name: Philips, Mark
name: Reue, Karen
name: Qiao, Xin
name: Davis, Ryan
name: Quatela, Steven
name: Watkins, Steven M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2006

description: In analyzing the sequence tags for mutant mouse embryonic stem (ES) cell lines in BayGenomics (a mouse gene-trapping resource), we identified a novel gene, Agpat6, with sequence similarities to previously characterized glycerolipid acyltransferases. Agpat6’s closest family member is another novel gene that we have provisionally designated Agpat8. Both Agpat6 and Agpat8 are conserved from plants, nematodes, and flies to mammals. AGPAT6, which is predicted to contain multiple membrane-spanning helices, is found exclusively within the endoplasmic reticulum in mammalian cells. To gain insights into the in vivo importance of Agpat6, we used the Agpat6 ES cell line from BayGenomics to create Agpat6-deficient (Agpat6−/−) mice. Agpat6−/− mice lacked full-length Agpat6 transcripts, as judged by northern blots. One of the most striking phenotypes of Agpat6−/− mice was a defect in lactation. Pups nursed by Agpat6−/− mothers die perinatally. Normally, Agpat6 is expressed at high levels in the mammary epithelium of breast tissue, but not in the surrounding adipose tissue. Histological studies revealed that the aveoli and ducts of Agpat6−/− lactating mammary glands were underdeveloped, and there was a dramatic decrease in size and number of lipid droplets within mammary epithelial cells and ducts. Also, the milk from Agpat6−/− mice was markedly depleted in diacylglycerols and triacylglycerols. Thus, we identified a novel glycerolipid acyltransferase of the endoplasmic reticulum, AGPAT6, which is crucial for the production of milk fat by the mammary gland.
Red-Giant Stars With Low Period Spacings
Creators: name: Braun, Teresa A. M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Asteroseismology
Red giant stars

description: The ability of studying the interior structure of stars makes asteroseismology a powerful method to learn more about stars. Additionally, the large amount of data provided by space telescopes like Kepler makes it possible to observe stars in short evolutionary stages or with rare physical conditions. One such group of atypical stars is those classified as red clump stars but with period spacings lower than expected for red clump stars. This group of stars consists of 63 stars with observed period spacings less than 160 s. To learn more about these stars and the physical mechanism causing their peculiar asteroseismic parameters, I assembled a reference set including typical red clump and red giant branch stars. I then examined the differences and similarities between the reference set and the set with low period spacings. The most striking characteristic of these stars, apart from their low period spacing, is their low mass, suggesting mass loss may have occurred. I also considered the possibilities of magnetic activity, stellar rotation and the star undergoing the helium flash.
 Further research is needed to verify the hypothesis of mass loss. This work can be considered a first stepping stone to understand the physics of these peculiar stars with low period spacings.
Physics-informed Dyna-Style Model-Based Deep Reinforcement Learning for Dynamic Control
Creators: name: Liu, Xin-Yang
name: Wang, Jian-Xun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Model-based reinforcement learning (MBRL) is believed to have much higher sample efficiency compared to model-free algorithms by learning a predictive model of the environment. However, the performance of MBRL highly relies on the quality of the learned model, which is usually built in a black-box manner and may have poor predictive accuracy outside of the data distribution. The deficiencies of the learned model may prevent the policy from being fully optimized. Although some uncertainty analysis-based remedies have been proposed to alleviate this issue, model bias still poses a great challenge for MBRL. In this work, we propose to leverage the prior knowledge of underlying physics of the environment, where the governing laws are (partially) known. In particular, we developed a physics-informed MBRL framework, where governing equations and physical constraints are utilized to inform the model learning and policy search. By incorporating the prior information of the environment, the quality of the learned model can be notably improved, while the required interactions with the environment are significantly reduced, leading to better sample efficiency and learning performance. The effectiveness and merit have been demonstrated over a handful of classic control problems, where the environments are governed by canonical ordinary/partial differential equations.
description: 23 figures; 2 tables
Elastocapillary folding using stop-programmable hinges fabricated by 3D micro-machining
Creators: name: Legrain, A.
name: Berenschot, J. W.
name: Tas, N. R.
name: Abelmann, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show elasto-capillary folding of silicon nitride objects with accurate folding angles between flaps of 70.6$\pm$0.1° and demonstrate the feasibility of such accurate micro-assembly with a final folding angle of 90°. The folding angle is defined by stop-programmable hinges that are fabricated starting from silicon molds employing accurate three-dimensional corner lithography. This nano-patterning method exploits the conformal deposition and the subsequent timed isotropic etching of a thin film in a 3D shaped silicon template. The technique leaves a residue of the thin film in sharp concave corners which can be used as an inversion mask in subsequent steps. Hinges designed to stop the folding at 70.6° were fabricated batchwise by machining the V-grooves obtained by KOH etching in (110) silicon wafers; 90° stop-programmable hinges were obtained starting from silicon molds obtained by dry etching on (100) wafers. The presented technique is applicable to any folding angle and opens a new route towards creating structures with increased complexity, which will ultimately lead to a novel method for device fabrication.
description: Submitted to a peer reviewed journal
title: Dr. Joachim Hefti (1876-1949)
title: Gedenkfeier anlässlich der Bestattung von alt Stadtrat Dr. Joachim Hefti
titleType: Subtitle
title: Samstag, den 24. September 1949 in der Kirche Enge in Zürich
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Ronner, Max
name: Kuhn, Friedrich
name: Landolt, Emil
name: Aeberli, Jakob
Publisher: name: [Steno-Verlag]
Year: 1949
Subjects: subject: 920 Biografien, Genealogie, Insignien
subject: Nachruf
subject: Hefti, Joachim
subject: Zürich
subject: Reformierte Kirche Enge (Zürich)

description: Enthält: Abdankungsansprache von Pfarrer Max Ronner ; Ansprache von Friedrich Kuhn, Präsident der Zentralkirchenpflege der Stadt Zürich ; Ansprache von Stadtpräsident Dr. Emil Landolt ; Ansprache von Jakob Aeberli, Präsident des Männerchors Enge/Zürich
Odd orders in Shor's factoring algorithm
Creators: name: Lawson, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Shor's factoring algorithm (SFA) finds the prime factors of a number, $N=p_1 p_2$, exponentially faster than the best known classical algorithm. Responsible for the speed-up is a subroutine called the quantum order finding algorithm (QOFA) which calculates the order -- the smallest integer, $r$, satisfying $a^r \mod N =1$, where $a$ is a randomly chosen integer coprime to $N$ (meaning their greatest common divisor is one, $\gcd(a, N) =1$). Given $r$, and with probability not less than $1/2$, the factors are given by $p_1 = \gcd (a^{\frac{r}{2}} - 1, N)$ and $p_2 = \gcd (a^{\frac{r}{2}} + 1, N)$. For odd $r$ it is assumed the factors cannot be found (since $a^{\frac{r}{2}}$ is not generally integer) and the QOFA is relaunched with a different value of $a$. But a recent paper [E. Martin-Lopez: Nat Photon {\bf 6}, 773 (2012)] noted that the factors can sometimes be found from odd orders if the coprime is square. This raises the question of improving SFA's success probability by considering odd orders. We show that an improvement is possible, though it is small. We present two techniques for retrieving the order from apparently useless runs of the QOFA: not discarding odd orders; and looking out for new order finding relations in the case of failure. In terms of efficiency, using our techniques is equivalent to avoiding square coprimes and disregarding odd orders, which is simpler in practice. Even still, our techniques may be useful in the near future, while demonstrations are restricted to factoring small numbers. The most convincing demonstrations of the QOFA are those that return a non-power-of-two order, making odd orders that lead to the factors attractive to experimentalists.
ApoE2-associated hypertriglyceridemia is ameliorated by increased levels of apoA-V but unaffected by apoC-III deficiency
Creators: name: Havekes, Louis M.
name: Voshol, Peter J.
name: Kypreos, Kyriakos E.
name: van der Hoogt, Caroline C.
name: Rensen, Patrick C. N.
name: Gerritsen, Gery
name: Groen, Albert K.
name: Maeda, Nobuyo
name: Schaap, Frank G.
name: van Dijk, Ko Willems
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Apolipoprotein E2 (apoE2)-associated hyperlipidemia is characterized by a disturbed clearance of apoE2-enriched VLDL remnants. Because excess apoE2 inhibits LPL-mediated triglyceride (TG) hydrolysis in vitro, we investigated whether direct or indirect stimulation of LPL activity in vivo reduces the apoE2-associated hypertriglyceridemia. Here, we studied the role of LPL and two potent modifiers, the LPL inhibitor apoC-III and the LPL activator apoA-V, in APOE2-knockin (APOE2) mice. Injection of heparin in APOE2 mice reduced plasma TG by 53% and plasma total cholesterol (TC) by 18%. Adenovirus-mediated overexpression of LPL reduced plasma TG by 85% and TC by 40%. Both experiments indicate that the TG in apoE2-enriched particles is a suitable substrate for LPL. Indirect activation of LPL activity via deletion of Apoc3 in APOE2 mice did not affect plasma TG levels, whereas overexpression of Apoa5 in APOE2 mice did reduce plasma TG by 81% and plasma TC by 41%. In conclusion, the hypertriglyceridemia in APOE2 mice can be ameliorated by the direct activation of LPL activity. Indirect activation of LPL via overexpression of apoA-V does, whereas deletion of apoC-III does not, affect the plasma TGs in APOE2 mice. These data indicate that changes in apoA-V levels have a dominant effect over changes in apoC-III levels in the improvement of APOE2-associated hypertriglyceridemia.
PARTICIPATION IN ENSURING THE QUALITY AND EFFICIENCY OF EDUCATION IN GENERAL SECONDARY, SECONDARY SPECIAL AND PROFESSIONAL EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS - AS ONE OF THE MAIN DUTIES OF THE PROSECUTION
Creators: name: Bobomarova, Munira
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: In this thesis, the main tasks and functions of the prosecutor's office in ensuring the quality and efficiency of education in general secondary, secondary special and professional educational institutions are listed one by one and presented in the form of a short guide for young prosecutors who have just started to work in the field.
Interference-Aware Accurate Signal Recovery in sub-1 GHz UHF Band Reuse-1 Cellular OFDMA Downlinks
Creators: name: M, Abhay Mohan
name: K, Giridhar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Reuse-1 systems operating in the sub-1 GHz UHF band are limited by substantial co-channel interference (CCI). In such orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) cellular systems, the inter-sector or inter-tower interference (ITI) makes accurate signal recovery quite challenging as sub-1 GHz bands only support single-input single-output (SISO) links. Interference-aware receiver algorithms are essential to mitigate the ITI in such low-frequency bands. Such algorithms enable ubiquitous mobile broadband access over the entire homeland, say with >95% geographical coverage with quality of service guarantees. One element of the interference-aware signal recovery is the least-squares-based joint channel estimation scheme that uses non-orthogonal pilot subcarriers. This estimator is then compared with a variant that uses orthogonal pilot subcarriers to bring out the advantage of this joint estimator. It is shown that the proposed joint estimator requires fewer pilots to be well-determined when compared to its under-determined orthogonal counterpart. Moreover, it is easy to implement and does not require any knowledge of channel statistics. This work also derives a compensation factor needed for the interference-aware detector in the presence of inter-carrier interference (ICI) originating from multiple transmitters. Simulation results show that the proposed joint channel estimator outperforms traditional estimators at moderate to high frequency selectivity. The proposed compensation factor to the joint detector is found to be essential for recovering the transmitted signal in the absence of phase-tracking pilots.
description: in IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society, 2022
On the Behavior of Superconductors of High Critical Temperatures Outside Schwarzchild Black Holes in AdS Space
Creators: name: Musk, D. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 00A72, 00A79

description: The physical analysis of condensed matter systems can be difficult due to strong coupling, but the mathematical context of the AdS/CFT correspondence enables non-perturbative descriptions in terms of dual weakly coupled systems. This brief review explores the holographic condensed matter applications of AdS/CFT, particularly through the lens of a high-$T_c$ superconductor outside a Schwarzchild black hole in Anti-de Sitter space. A simple two-dimensional electron condensate Lagrangian is examined first, as employed by G. T. Horowitz, later used to calculate a frequency-dependent conductivity and a free energy analysis; the asymptotics of both in this procedure, as examined by P. Säterskog, are also reviewed. An extended Lagrangian with a higher order Maxwell term is assessed thereafter, with a conductivity peak obtained at low frequencies described well by the Drude model in certain limits. The behavior of Drude model parameters in these limits is also investigated.
description: 14 pages, 12 figures
Identification of a novel sn -glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase isoform, GPAT4, as the enzyme deficient in Agpat6 −/− mice
Creators: name: Wang, Shuli
name: Lewin, Tal M.
name: Coleman, Rosalind A.
name: Reue, Karen
name: Vergnes, Laurent
name: Nagle, Cynthia A.
name: DeJong, Hendrik
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Elucidation of the metabolic pathways of triacylglycerol (TAG) synthesis is critical to the understanding of chronic metabolic disorders such as obesity, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes. sn-Glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase (GPAT) and sn-1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase (AGPAT) catalyze the first and second steps in de novo TAG synthesis. AGPAT6 is one of eight AGPAT isoforms identified through sequence homology, but the enzyme activity for AGPAT6 has not been confirmed. We found that in liver and brown adipose tissue from Agpat6-deficient (Agpat6−/−) mice, N-ethylmaleimide (NEM)-sensitive GPAT specific activity was 65% lower than in tissues from wild-type mice, but AGPAT specific activity was similar. Overexpression of Agpat6 in Cos-7 cells increased an NEM-sensitive GPAT specific activity, but AGPAT specific activity was not increased. Agpat6 and Gpat1 overexpression in Cos-7 cells increased the incorporation of [14C]oleate into diacylglycerol (DAG) or into DAG and TAG, respectively, suggesting that the lysophosphatidic acid, phosphatidic acid, and DAG intermediates initiated by each of these isoforms lie in different cellular pools. Together, these data show that “Agpat6−/− mice” are actually deficient in a novel NEM-sensitive GPAT, GPAT4, and indicate that the alterations in lipid metabolism in adipose tissue, liver, and mammary epithelium of these mice are attributable to the absence of GPAT4
Multiple Reentrant Phase Transitions and Triple Points in Lovelock Thermodynamics
Creators: name: Frassino, Antonia M.
name: Kubiznak, David
name: Mann, Robert B.
name: Simovic, Fil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the effects of higher curvature corrections from Lovelock gravity on the phase structure of asymptotically AdS black holes, treating the cosmological constant as a thermodynamic pressure. We examine how various thermodynamic phenomena, such as Van der Waals behaviour, reentrant phase transitions (RPT), and tricritical points are manifest for U(1) charged black holes in Gauss-Bonnet and 3rd-order Lovelock gravities. We furthermore observe a new phenomenon of "multiple RPT" behaviour, in which for fixed pressure the small/large/small/large black hole phase transition occurs as the temperature of the system increases. We also find that when the higher-order Lovelock couplings are related in a particular way, a peculiar isolated critical point emerges for hyperbolic black holes and is characterized by non-standard critical exponents.
description: 50 pages, 28 Figures v2: minor corrections, references added
Apolipoprotein E knock-out and knock-in mice: atherosclerosis, metabolic syndrome, and beyond: Fig. 1.
Creators: name: Arbones-Mainar, Jose M.
name: Johnson, Lance A.
name: Maeda, Nobuyo
name: Altenburg, Michael K.
name: Pendse, Avani A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Given the multiple differences between mice and men, it was once thought that mice could not be used to model atherosclerosis, principally a human disease. Apolipoprotein E-deficient (apoEKO) mice have convincingly changed this view, and the ability to model human-like plaques in these mice has provided scientists a platform to study multiple facets of atherogenesis and to explore potential therapeutic interventions. In addition to its well-established role in lipoprotein metabolism, recent observations of reduced adiposity and improved glucose homeostasis in apoEKO mice suggest that apoE may also play a key role in energy metabolism in peripheral organs, including adipose tissue. Finally, along with apoEKO mice, knockin mice expressing human apoE isoforms in place of endogenous mouse apoE have provided insights into how quantitative and qualitative genetic alterations interact with the environment in the pathogenesis of complex human diseases.
Individual project on theme "Octopus Cuvier, 1797" (MOOC: CompTech in biology)
Creators: name: Rybnikov Danil
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Данный кейс является результатом реализации индивидуального проекта Рыбникова Данила по теме "Octopus Cuvier, 1797" в рамках онлайн курса "Компьютерные технологии в биологии" (автор – А.В. Ваганов) (https://stepik.org/course/60859/promo)
Assisting the Human Fact-Checkers: Detecting All Previously Fact-Checked Claims in a Document
Creators: name: Shaar, Shaden
name: Georgiev, Nikola
name: Alam, Firoj
name: Martino, Giovanni Da San
name: Mohamed, Aisha
name: Nakov, Preslav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.2.2; I.2.7
subject: 68T50

description: Given the recent proliferation of false claims online, there has been a lot of manual fact-checking effort. As this is very time-consuming, human fact-checkers can benefit from tools that can support them and make them more efficient. Here, we focus on building a system that could provide such support. Given an input document, it aims to detect all sentences that contain a claim that can be verified by some previously fact-checked claims (from a given database). The output is a re-ranked list of the document sentences, so that those that can be verified are ranked as high as possible, together with corresponding evidence. Unlike previous work, which has looked into claim retrieval, here we take a document-level perspective. We create a new manually annotated dataset for this task, and we propose suitable evaluation measures. We further experiment with a learning-to-rank approach, achieving sizable performance gains over several strong baselines. Our analysis demonstrates the importance of modeling text similarity and stance, while also taking into account the veracity of the retrieved previously fact-checked claims. We believe that this research would be of interest to fact-checkers, journalists, media, and regulatory authorities.
description: detecting previously fact-checked claims, fact-checking, disinformation, fake news, social media, political debates
VulnEx: Exploring Open-Source Software Vulnerabilities in Large Development Organizations to Understand Risk Exposure
Creators: name: Dennig, Frederik L.
name: Cakmak, Eren
name: Plate, Henrik
name: Keim, Daniel A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The prevalent usage of open-source software (OSS) has led to an increased interest in resolving potential third-party security risks by fixing common vulnerabilities and exposures (CVEs). However, even with automated code analysis tools in place, security analysts often lack the means to obtain an overview of vulnerable OSS reuse in large software organizations. In this design study, we propose VulnEx (Vulnerability Explorer), a tool to audit entire software development organizations. We introduce three complementary table-based representations to identify and assess vulnerability exposures due to OSS, which we designed in collaboration with security analysts. The presented tool allows examining problematic projects and applications (repositories), third-party libraries, and vulnerabilities across a software organization. We show the applicability of our tool through a use case and preliminary expert feedback.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, LaTeX; corrected typos and wording; added DOI
Lectures in particle physics
Creators: name: Joensson, Leif
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 539.7207

description: Lecture at Seminar (),
description: These lecture notes were written as I started to lecture the course in Particle Physics at thePhysics Department in Lund in 2005. They have been extended and improved over the years.The overall purpose is to introduce and discuss concepts that are used in particle physics in orderto give an overall understanding of what particle physics is about. I have tried to avoid givingstatements like ’this can easily been shown’ and leave it to the reader to verify the validity of therelation in question. Instead I have tried to carefully derived all relations used. However, it isnot the proof itself that is the most important to remember but to understand the physics behindthe relations. Some physical phenomena can be more easily deduced mathematically than theycan be understood in a simple sense.Initially I make a thorough review of those part in relativity and quantum mechanics that areessential for the understanding of particle physics phenomena. In some places I have com-plemented the formalistic descriptions with more intuitive ones. These are found in the Ap-pendices. After a briefing on quantum numbers and conservation laws, I discuss the forces ofnature. Especially the interpretation of interactions by Feynman diagrams is treated in somedetail. This is followed by a discussion on how the different forces of nature are theoreticallydescribed. Next, the most important experimental discoveries are reviewed. The still open ques-tions in particle physics and cosmology are discussed, and possible extensions of the presenttheory,’the Standard Model’, are presented. An overview of the development in accelerator tech-nology and experimental methods are given. At the end there is a chapter on the developmentof the universe from a particle physics point of view.I am indebted to Hannes Jung for many contributions during the preparatory phase of theselecture notes. In the continuous process of upgrading and improving the content I have profitedvery much from discussions and suggestions by Cecilia Jarlskog, Magnus Hansson, AlbertKnutsson, Sakar Osman and Peter Christiansen. All mistakes are entirely my own responsibility.