cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A black-box adversarial attack for poisoning clustering
Creators: name: Cinà, Antonio Emanuele
name: Torcinovich, Alessandro
name: Pelillo, Marcello
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Clustering algorithms play a fundamental role as tools in decision-making and sensible automation processes. Due to the widespread use of these applications, a robustness analysis of this family of algorithms against adversarial noise has become imperative. To the best of our knowledge, however, only a few works have currently addressed this problem. In an attempt to fill this gap, in this work, we propose a black-box adversarial attack for crafting adversarial samples to test the robustness of clustering algorithms. We formulate the problem as a constrained minimization program, general in its structure and customizable by the attacker according to her capability constraints. We do not assume any information about the internal structure of the victim clustering algorithm, and we allow the attacker to query it as a service only. In the absence of any derivative information, we perform the optimization with a custom approach inspired by the Abstract Genetic Algorithm (AGA). In the experimental part, we demonstrate the sensibility of different single and ensemble clustering algorithms against our crafted adversarial samples on different scenarios. Furthermore, we perform a comparison of our algorithm with a state-of-the-art approach showing that we are able to reach or even outperform its performance. Finally, to highlight the general nature of the generated noise, we show that our attacks are transferable even against supervised algorithms such as SVMs, random forests, and neural networks.
description: 18 pages, Pattern Recognition 2022
Consumer Acceptance of Genetically Modified Foods in Taiwan: Is Positive Discount the Same as Negative Premium?
Creators: name: Kaneko, Naoya
name: Chern, Wen S.
name: Kaneko, Naoya
name: Chern, Wen S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Genetically Modified
subject: Contingent Valuation
subject: Willingness to Pay
subject: Stated Preference

description: This paper finds Taiwanese consumers' willingness to pay a premium on the non-GM food differs from their willingness to accept a discount on the GM food. It further finds that the non-GM choosers are more committed to the non-GM food than the GM choosers to the GM food.
Impact of Depreciating Exchange Rate on U.S. Produce Trade
Creators: name: Acharya, Ram N.
name: Patterson, Paul M.
name: Acharya, Ram N.
name: Patterson, Paul M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: International Relations/Trade

description: This study examines the impact of depreciating exchange rate on U.S. fresh produce trade. The short run analysis does not support J-curve hypothesis but the overall results are consistent with the modified version of the hypothesis that devaluation would initially deteriorate the trade balance but improve it in the long run.
Ervilia asymmetrica Marques & Simone 2011
Creators: name: Cavallari, Daniel C.
name: Dornellas, Ana Paula S.
name: Simone, Luiz Ricardo L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Bivalvia
Veneroida
Semelidae
Ervilia
Ervilia asymmetrica

description: asymmetrica, Ervilia Marques & Simone, 2011
 Ervilia asymmetrica Marques & Simone, 2011: 652–653 (figs 1–7).
Bivalvia, Semelidae
 Holotype (left valve): MZSP 96885.
 Paratype (right valve): MZSP 96886.
 Paratype (right valve): MZSP 96887.
 Paratype (left valve): MZSP 96888.
 Locality: Brazil, Pará, Amazon River mouth, 85 km off Ilha Mexiana, 0°27'23.28'' N, 48°13'56.84'' W, PIATAM Oceano (type locality), 10 Mar. 2009.
 Collector: F.N. Santos.
 Preservation: Dry.
description: Published as part of Cavallari, Daniel C., Dornellas, Ana Paula S. & Simone, Luiz Ricardo L., 2016, Second annotated list of type specimens of molluscs deposited in the Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil, pp. 1-59 in European Journal of Taxonomy 213 on page 9, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2016.213, http://zenodo.org/record/3840125
A Rose by Another Name: An Objective Analysis of an Established Market for Credence Attributes
Creators: name: Galloway, Kristin
name: Bailey, DeeVon
name: Galloway, Kristin
name: Bailey, DeeVon
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: A second-price Vickrey-style auction is used to determine the willingness to pay (WTP) for credence attributes found in "cause" coffees. WTP estimates were then compared with actual market price information. The results indicate positive average bids for the cause coffees. However, premiums were found for fair-trade and shade-grown coffee in the actual price data and discounts for organic and sustainable coffee.
Das Programm zur Bekämpfung des Rassismus des Ökumenischen Rates der Kirchen nach den Tagung in Addis Abeba
Creators: name: Heuvel, Albert Van Den
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 20 Nr. 2 (1971): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 20, Heft 2
Stable Bounded Excursion Gravastars with Regular Black Holes
Creators: name: Sharif, M.
name: Javed, Faisal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper explores the possible existence of stable regions of bounded excursion gravastars in the background of regular black holes (Bardeen and Bardeen-de Sitter black holes). For this purpose, we match internal de Sitter geometry with an external regular black hole through an intermediate shell with an equation of state. The matter surface located at the shell greatly affects the dynamical configuration of the shell. We consider stiff and dust fluids to discuss the outcomes of the developed structures. We then determine the critical values of physical parameters at which the shell neither collapses nor expands for both cases with different choices of external and internal geometries. It is found that there does not exist any possible region of stable bounded excursion gravastar for the interior flat and exterior regular geometries. However, the stable bounded excursion gravastar is obtained for the interior de Sitter and exterior regular black holes with a suitable choice of physical parameters for both stiff and dust shells. We conclude that the possibility of the existence of both bounded excursion gravastars as well as black holes cannot be excluded in the dynamical model.
description: 29 pages, 19 figures, to appear in ASTR
On the home front: representing Canada at the Triennale di Milano, 1957
Creators: name: Elder, Alan Craig
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: In 1957, Canada's National Industrial Design Council (NIDC) organized a display for the Triennale di Milano, an international design exhibition in Milan. This exhibit focused on the development of the "new town" of Kitimat by the Aluminum Company of Canada (Alcan). Along with furnishings and photographs taken of the workers' and guests' quarters were objects that had received NIDC Design Awards. This display was one of many that represented a revitalized Canadian identity to an international audience. The Second World War had thrust Canada onto the international stage as an autonomous nation. Through its development of social, economic and cultural policies, the nation sought to extricate itself from its old world heritage and differentiate itself from its continental partner. By featuring Canada's "Aluminum City," the NIDC presented Canada as a modern nation that encouraged new industry and technology. Simultaneously, the physical location of Kitimat in the northern half of British Columbia enabled the designers to utilize a traditional element of Canadian identity—the North—in new ways. The landscape was now being civilized through the use of modern design and technology, rather than conquered by force. Finally, the juxtaposition of a photograph of a male Alcan worker, at the front of the display, with domestic objects in the display allowed for a blurring of traditional gender binaries. No longer a hard-hatted, hard-headed industrial worker; he was portrayed as a sophisticated individual working in a modern technological sphere in a civilized community. His presence signalled a rethinking of the contrasts between male and female, producer and consumer, public and private. Canada's display problematized these polarities and familiar elements of national identity through its use of domestic objects and furniture. My thesis investigates the suitability of blurring these traditional classifications in order to form a visual representation of Canadian identity in the immediate postwar period.
Manganesepta atiaia Simone & Cunha 2014
Creators: name: Cavallari, Daniel C.
name: Dornellas, Ana Paula S.
name: Simone, Luiz Ricardo L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Gastropoda
Lepetellida
Fissurellidae
Manganesepta
Manganesepta atiaia

description: atiaia, Manganesepta Simone & Cunha, 2014
 Manganesepta atiaia Simone & Cunha, 2014: 456–457 (figs 103–108).
Gastropoda, Fissurellidae
 Paratypes (2 spc): MZSP 102941.
 Paratype 1: MZSP 102946.
 Localities: Brazil, Espírito Santo, Abrolhos Slope, off Itaúnas, 19°00'S, 37°49'W, 950–1050 m depth, MD55 sta. DC77 (type locality); 1) off Itaúnas, 19°01' S, 37°47' W, 1500–1575 m, MD55 sta. CB79; all collected on 27 May 1987.
 Collectors: P. Bouchet, J.H. Leal and B. Métivier.
 Preservation: Dry.
description: Published as part of Cavallari, Daniel C., Dornellas, Ana Paula S. & Simone, Luiz Ricardo L., 2016, Second annotated list of type specimens of molluscs deposited in the Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil, pp. 1-59 in European Journal of Taxonomy 213 on pages 9-10, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2016.213, http://zenodo.org/record/3840125
Land Degradation in the Sahel: An Application of Biophysical Modeling in the Optimal Control Setting
Creators: name: Vitale, Jeffrey D.
name: Lee, John G.
name: Vitale, Jeffrey D.
name: Lee, John G.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Land Economics/Use

description: Low-input farming practices in many parts of the developing world have pushed cultivation onto marginal lands. Sustainability of already fragile ecosystems is threatened. Farmers place a high priority on satisfying subsistence food needs with on-farm production. Population pressure is high throughout much of Sub-Saharan Africa. Farmers in those regions are challenged by the need to put continually more food on their table over the coming years. An optimal control model was developed to investigate alternative farming practices within this setting. Namely, whether farmers would choose continued land expansion of if they would adopt crop intensive practices. The model included an environmental subcomponent to estimate the degradation costs from continued expansion onto marginal areas. The modeling activities from the Sahel of West African reinforce farmers' observed propensity to clear new land in lieu of crop intensification. Model activities suggest an important role for crop intensification under adequate policy conditions as well as the need to introduce new technology before degradation erodes its potential.
Imaging phonon-mediated hydrodynamic flow in WTe2
Creators: name: Vool, Uri
name: Hamo, Assaf
name: Varnavides, Georgios
name: Wang, Yaxian
name: Zhou, Tony X.
name: Kumar, Nitesh
name: Dovzhenko, Yuliya
name: Qiu, Ziwei
name: Garcia, Christina A. C.
name: Pierce, Andrew T.
name: Gooth, Johannes
name: Anikeeva, Polina
name: Felser, Claudia
name: Narang, Prineha
name: Yacoby, Amir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the presence of interactions, electrons in condensed-matter systems can behave hydrodynamically, exhibiting phenomena associated with classical fluids, such as vortices and Poiseuille flow. In most conductors, electron-electron interactions are minimized by screening effects, hindering the search for hydrodynamic materials; however, recently, a class of semimetals has been reported to exhibit prominent interactions. Here we study the current flow in the layered semimetal tungsten ditelluride by imaging the local magnetic field using a nitrogen-vacancy defect in a diamond. We image the spatial current profile within three-dimensional tungsten ditelluride and find that it exhibits non-uniform current density, indicating hydrodynamic flow. Our temperature-resolve current profile measurements reveal a non-monotonic temperature dependence, with the strongest hydrodynamic effects at approximately 20 K. We also report ab initio calculations showing that electron-electron interactions are not explained by the Coulomb interaction alone, but are predominantly mediated by phonons. This provides a promising avenue in the search for hydrodynamic flow and prominent electron interactions in high-carrier-density materials.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures + supplementary material
The Effects of Temperature, Humidity and Barometric Pressure on Short Sprint Race Times
Creators: name: Mureika, J. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Popular Physics (physics.pop-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A numerical model of 100 m and 200 m world class sprinting performances is modified using standard hydrodynamic principles to include effects of air temperature, pressure, and humidity levels on aerodynamic drag. The magnitude of the effects are found to be dependent on wind speed. This implies that differing atmospheric conditions can yield slightly different corrections for the same wind gauge reading. In the absence of wind, temperature is found to induce the largest variation in times (0.01 s per $10\dc$ increment in the 100 m), while relative humidity contributes the least (under 0.01 s for all realistic conditions for 100 m). Barometric pressure variations at a particular venue can also introduce fluctuations in performance times on the order of a 0.01 s for this race. The combination of all three variables is essentially additive, and is more important for head-wind conditions that for tail-winds. As expected, calculated corrections in the 200 m are magnified due to the longer duration of the race. The overall effects of these factors on sprint times can be considered a ``second order'' adjustment to previous methods which rely strictly on a venue's physical elevation, but can become important in extreme conditions.
description: 37 pp, 13 postscript figures
[Brev til DKNVS]
Creators: name: Boktrykkeriet I Trondheim
name: Det Kongelige Norske Videnskabers Selskab (DKNVS)
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1820

description: Ønsker å få oversendt div. papirer vedr. firmaet
description: Muligens Erik Must Angells boktrykkeri, som i 1815 overgikk til et interessentskap. Polydoc nr. 1: 1362. Polydoc nr. 2: 762.
Pachydrobia bavayi Brandt 1970
Creators: name: Cavallari, Daniel C.
name: Dornellas, Ana Paula S.
name: Simone, Luiz Ricardo L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Gastropoda
Littorinimorpha
Hydrobiidae
Pachydrobia
Pachydrobia bavayi

description: bavayi, Pachydrobia Brandt, 1970
 Pachydrobia bavayi Brandt, 1970: 192–193 (pl. 13, fig. 11 + text fig. 11).
Gastropoda, Pomatiopsidae
 Probable paratype: MZSP 95911 (Fig. 2 E–F).
 Locality: Cambodia, Mekong River at Kratie (type locality), 3 Apr. 1969.
 Preservation: Dry.
 Remarks: Former Jens Hemmen Collection. Measurements and data on the specimen’s label correspond to the lot originally registered under code SMRL 16285. The specimen listed above is a possible remainder of a 200-specimen paratype lot coming from the type locality.
description: Published as part of Cavallari, Daniel C., Dornellas, Ana Paula S. & Simone, Luiz Ricardo L., 2016, Second annotated list of type specimens of molluscs deposited in the Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil, pp. 1-59 in European Journal of Taxonomy 213 on page 10, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2016.213, http://zenodo.org/record/3840125
Equilibrium correlations in charged fluids coupled to the radiation field
Creators: name: Boustani, Sami El
name: Buenzli, Pascal R.
name: Martin, Philippe A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide an exact microscopic statistical treatment of particle and field correlations in a system of quantum charges in equilibrium with a classical radiation field. Using the Feynman-Kac-Ito representation of the Gibbs weight, the system of particles is mapped onto a collection of random charged wires. The field degrees of freedom can be integrated out, providing an effective pairwise magnetic potential. We then calculate the contribution of the transverse field coupling to the large-distance particle correlations. The asymptotics of the field correlations in the plasma are also exactly determined.
description: 31 pages, 0 figures. PACS 05.30.-d, 05.40.-a, 11.10.Wx. Changes: Improved comparison with existing literature on field correlations. Added Concluding Remarks. References updated
[Brev til DKNVS]
Creators: name: Klüwer, Lorentz Diderich
name: Det Kongelige Norske Videnskabers Selskab (DKNVS)
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1820

description: Kongen gir 500 Rdr. som bidrag til utgivelsen av hans manuskript. Klüwer søker VS om 50 Rdr til en reise til Stockholm
Transaction Costs and Institutional Innovations in Agricultural Labor Contracts
Creators: name: Frisvold, George B.
name: Frisvold, George B.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Labor and Human Capital

description: This paper develops and econometrically tests a model of labor contractual choice in developing countries, focusing on the choice between directly hiring labor on a spot market versus reliance on labor contractors. The theoretical model examines the role of market prices and factor endowments on contract choice and the role of labor contracting as an institutional innovation to reduce transactions costs associated with the use of hired labor. Econometric results confirm hypotheses that contracting becomes more profitable as farm size and collateral ownership increase, as family size decreases, and with tightening of the casual labor market.
An Open-Source Platform for High-Performance Non-Coherent On-Chip Communication
Creators: name: Kurth, Andreas
name: Rönninger, Wolfgang
name: Benz, Thomas
name: Cavalcante, Matheus
name: Schuiki, Fabian
name: Zaruba, Florian
name: Benini, Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Hardware Architecture (cs.AR)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: B.4.3; C.1.2; C.5.4

description: On-chip communication infrastructure is a central component of modern systems-on-chip (SoCs), and it continues to gain importance as the number of cores, the heterogeneity of components, and the on-chip and off-chip bandwidth continue to grow. Decades of research on on-chip networks enabled cache-coherent shared-memory multiprocessors. However, communication fabrics that meet the needs of heterogeneous many-cores and accelerator-rich SoCs, which are not, or only partially, coherent, are a much less mature research area. In this work, we present a modular, topology-agnostic, high-performance on-chip communication platform. The platform includes components to build and link subnetworks with customizable bandwidth and concurrency properties and adheres to a state-of-the-art, industry-standard protocol. We discuss microarchitectural trade-offs and timing/area characteristics of our modules and show that they can be composed to build high-bandwidth (e.g., 2.5 GHz and 1024 bit data width) end-to-end on-chip communication fabrics (not only network switches but also DMA engines and memory controllers) with high degrees of concurrency. We design and implement a state-of-the-art ML training accelerator, where our communication fabric scales to 1024 cores on a die, providing 32 TB/s cross-sectional bandwidth at only 24 ns round-trip latency between any two cores.
description: 14 pages, 24 figures, 4 tables
Vacuum Polarization Energy of the Kinks in the Sinh-Deformed Models
Creators: name: Takyi, I.
name: Barnes, B.
name: Ackora-Prah, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the one-loop quantum corrections to the kink energies of the sinh-deformed $ϕ^{4}$ and $φ^{6}$ models in one space and one time dimensions. These models are constructed from the well-known polynomial $ϕ^{4}$ and $φ^{6}$ models by a deformation procedure. We also compute the vacuum polarization energy to the non-polynomial function $U(ϕ)=\frac{1}{4}(1-\sinh^{2}ϕ)^{2}$. This potential approaches the $ϕ^{4}$ model in the limit of small values of the scalar function. These energies are extracted from scattering data for fluctuations about the kink solutions. We show that for certain topological sectors with non-equivalent vacua the kink solutions of the sinh-deformed models are destabilized.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures, 4 tables
At a standstill or in motion, always looking for the "freeway": changing patterns of resistance in the films of Wim Wenders
Creators: name: Ellison, Benjamin Alexander
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Wim Wenders's cinematic projects have recently changed from the anti-narrative road movies of previous decades. This shift in the German director's stance is only noted in an article (1996) by Roger Cook, and here, a reading is given as to why Wenders has switched over to films that embrace narrative form. The more recent release of Wenders's 1998 film The End of Violence (1998), however, now casts doubt on these limited remarks made about "the post-road movie." The End of Violence can be seen as a valuable cipher that suggests an alternate understanding of this new direction for Wenders in the 1980s and beyond. In this movie, many details seem to coincide with the plots of the other three major pictures following the road movie period. In each movie, protagonists possess technological "super speed," but in each, this capacity is renounced by characters. In nostalgic returns to the world of physical motion, life for characters is then portrayed as being only marginally better. In the four different films there appear surveillance systems that are used to control all who do not use the "technology." With the exact repetition of this pattern of events in all his movies, one must believe Wenders is trying to communicate some sort of specific message with his post-road movie. Indeed, it is believed that in the post-road movie, Wenders is repeating the theoretical focus he has had since the very beginning of his career; he is considering the ability of speed to obtain freedom for the individual from metanarratives. The older road movies centered on the idea of motion as being the great liberator for images from film narrative. With the pre-millennial "death of real speed," however, how one might free humans caught within the "(inter)net" of a computer-covered world changes. Given the modern advent of disembodying computer speed, the German director must re-evaluate his take on how stasis confines and speed frees elements from within total systems. With today's evolutionary shift in the nature of speed, Wenders decides to opt for using the message, not the medium of film to encourage audiences to resist a totalizing world system. In accepting narrative, Wenders is now changing his cinematic mode, but nonetheless, his spirit of "metanarrative-busting" is intact. Wenders maintains his postmodern questioning in art, as, in his new films, he continues to cry out for the freedom provided by velocity. The only difference is that Wenders's films now have the complexity to recognize the impossibility of liberty in a world codified by information-gathering total systems.
International Competitiveness and Environmental Regulations
Creators: name: Babool, Md. Ashfaqul Islam
name: Reed, Michael R.
name: Babool, Md. Ashfaqul Islam
name: Reed, Michael R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy

description: This study follows the standard factor endowment approach to explain the effects of environmental regulations on net exports in different product-based industries. It constructs an econometric model which includes factor endowments and environmental regulations to examine how strict environmental policy impact export competitiveness. Cross-sectional and time series (panel) data for 6 countries and 17 years were used in this model. In this study, capital services increase net exports in labor-intensive industries like textiles, textile products, leather and footwear industries. The effects of increased labor intensity in food, textiles and machinery is higher than for other capital intensive good industries. The environmental regulation imposed in textile, textiles products, leather and footwear industry, and manufacturing (n.e.c) industry negatively impact net exports.
Neutron skin thickness of ${}^{208}$Pb determined from reaction cross section for proton scattering
Creators: name: Tagami, Shingo
name: Wakasa, Tomotsugu
name: Matsui, Jun
name: Takechi, Maya
name: Yahiro, Masanobu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The reaction cross section $σ_R$ is useful to determine the neutron radius $R_n$ as well as the matter radius $R_m$. The chiral (Kyushu) $g$-matrix folding model for $^{12}$C scattering on $^{9}$Be, $^{12}$C, $^{27}$Al targets was tested in the incident energy range of $30 \lsim E_{\rm in} \lsim 400 $ MeV, and it is found that the model reliably reproduces the $σ_R$ in $30 \lsim E_{\rm in} \lsim 100 $ MeV and $250 \lsim E_{\rm in} \lsim 400$ MeV. \item[Aim] We determine $R_n$ and the neutron skin thickness $R_{\rm skin}$ of ${}^{208}{\rm Pb}$ by using high-quality $σ_R$ data for the $p+{}^{208}{\rm Pb}$ scattering in $30 \leq E_{\rm in} \leq 100$ MeV. The theoretical model is the Kyushu $g$-matrix folding model with the densities calculated with Gongny-D1S HFB (GHFB) with the angular momentum projection (AMP). \item[Results] The Kyushu $g$-matrix folding model with the GHFB+AMP densities underestimates $σ_{\rm R}$ in $30 \leq E_{\rm in} \leq 100$~MeV only by a factor of 0.97. Since the proton radius $R_p$ calculated with GHFB+AMP agrees with the precise experimental data of 5.444 fm, the small deviation of the theoretical result from the data on $σ_R$ allows us to scale the GHFB+AMP neutron density so as to reproduce the $σ_R$ data. In $E_{\rm in}$ = 30--100 MeV, the experimental $σ_R$ data can be reproduced by assuming the neutron radius of ${}^{208}{\rm Pb}$ as $R_n$ = $5.722 \pm 0.035$ fm. \item[Conclusion] The present result $R_{\rm skin}$ = $0.278 \pm 0.035$ fm is in good agreement with the recent PREX-II result of $r_{\rm skin}$ = $0.283\pm 0.071$ fm.
title: Физика газового разряда. Кинетическая теория
title: [презентация]
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Смирнов, Александр
Publisher: name: Санкт-Петербургский политехнический университет Петра Великого
Year: 2020

description: Пособие предназначено для студентов магистратуры, специализирующихся в физике плазмы и ее применениях. Рассмотрено кинетическое описание электронов газоразрядной плазмы в постоянном и переменном электрическом поле, получены решения кинетического уравнения для простых случаев. Проанализированы области использования кинетического и гидродинамического подходов. Показано влияние нелокальности на свойства разрядов.
COMMUNITY-LEVEL DETERMINANTS OF CHILD GROWTH
Creators: name: Paknawin-Mock, Jeremiah
name: Jarvis, Lovell S.
name: Jahari, Abas
name: Husaini, Madhin
name: Pollitt, Ernesto
name: Paknawin-Mock, Jeremiah
name: Jarvis, Lovell S.
name: Jahari, Abas
name: Husaini, Madhin
name: Pollitt, Ernesto
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Health Economics and Policy
subject: Community health services
subject: child growth
subject: Indonesia
subject: tea plantations

description: Objectives : The paper presents the results of an ecological-economic approach to identifying community-level factors that influence the physical growth of young children. Design : A cross-sectional design was used to obtain both the anthropometry and the ecological-economic data. Setting : The sites were 24 communities located in a tea plantation near Bandung, West Java, Indonesia. Subjects : 415 children between the ages of 6 and 18 months living in the 24 communities. Methods : Epidemiological and ethnographic methods were used to measure community infrastructure and services related to child growth. Anthropometry was used to measure child growth. Econometric methods, including probit and ordinary least squares regression, were used to analyze the effect of community-level factors on child growth. Results : Community vaccination programs, child care services, environmental sanitation and latrines were associated with better child growth. We concluded that community-level goods and services substantially contributed to health in early childhood.
The Market Effect of a Food Scare: The Case of Genetically Modified StarLink Corn
Creators: name: Carter, Colin A.
name: Smith, Aaron D.
name: Carter, Colin A.
name: Smith, Aaron D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Genetic modification of crops has revolutionized food production, but it remains controversial due to food safety concerns. A recent food safety scare provides a natural experiment on the market's willingness to accept an increase in perceived risk from genetically modified (GM) food. We analyze the market impact of contamination of the U.S. food-corn supply by a GM variety called StarLink. We find that the contamination led to a 6.8 percent discount in corn prices and that the suppression of prices lasted for at least a year.
Learning Neural Event Functions for Ordinary Differential Equations
Creators: name: Chen, Ricky T. Q.
name: Amos, Brandon
name: Nickel, Maximilian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The existing Neural ODE formulation relies on an explicit knowledge of the termination time. We extend Neural ODEs to implicitly defined termination criteria modeled by neural event functions, which can be chained together and differentiated through. Neural Event ODEs are capable of modeling discrete and instantaneous changes in a continuous-time system, without prior knowledge of when these changes should occur or how many such changes should exist. We test our approach in modeling hybrid discrete- and continuous- systems such as switching dynamical systems and collision in multi-body systems, and we propose simulation-based training of point processes with applications in discrete control.
Microlinices benthovus Simone 2014
Creators: name: Cavallari, Daniel C.
name: Dornellas, Ana Paula S.
name: Simone, Luiz Ricardo L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Gastropoda
Littorinimorpha
Naticidae
Microlinices
Microlinices benthovus

description: benthovus, Microlinices Simone, 2014
 Microlinices benthovus Simone, 2014: 575–578 (figs 6A–J, 7A–H, 11A–C).
Gastropoda, Naticidae
 Paratypes (22 spc): MZSP 105269.
 Paratypes 1 (15 spc): MZSP 105270.
 Paratypes 2 (16 spc): MZSP 105271.
 Paratypes 3 (7 spc): MZSP 105272.
 Localities: Brazil, Espírito Santo, off Itaúnas, Abrolhos Slope, 18°59' S, 37°50' W, MD55 sta. DC 73, 637 m depth, 27 May 1987; 1) 19°00' S, 37°48' W, MD55 sta. DC72, 950– 1050 m, 27 May 1987; 2) off Regência, 19°40' S, 37°48' W, MD55 sta. CB77, 790– 940 m depth, 27 May 1987; 3) off Itaúnas, Abrolhos Slope, 19°01' S, 37°47' W, MD55 sta. CB79, 1500–1575 m depth, 28 May 1987.
 Collectors: P. Bouchet, J.H. Leal and B. Métivier.
 Preservation: Dry.
 Remarks: Former MNHN, Paris. The catalogue number MZSP 105250 is mentioned twice in Simone’s (2014) paper, among the paratypes of M. ibitingus Simone, 2014 and M. benthovus. This duplicity was a mistake by the author: the latter is an erroneous designation and should be disregarded. The only valid paratype lots for M. benthovus are the ones shown above.
description: Published as part of Cavallari, Daniel C., Dornellas, Ana Paula S. & Simone, Luiz Ricardo L., 2016, Second annotated list of type specimens of molluscs deposited in the Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil, pp. 1-59 in European Journal of Taxonomy 213 on page 10, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2016.213, http://zenodo.org/record/3840125
Relationship of Agri-Environmental Management and Rural Development in Accordance with the Accession to the European Union
Creators: name: Katona-Kovacs, Judit
name: Katona-Kovacs, Judit
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Community/Rural/Urban Development
Environmental Economics and Policy
International Relations/Trade

description: The structural, institutional, technical and technological regulation of Hungarian agricultural − as preparation for the new tasks − has not overtaken the participation in the competition of the single market. It is very important to become the organiser of the process. Regarding Hungary's natural and social facilities it is common weal to create a long term strategy for agricultural which has been missing for years. The main objective of the research is to examine rural development and agri-environmental elements inside the agricultural system. Confirm the hypothesis that the application of multifunctional agriculture determined by the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) − with supportive political background − could be a promotional factor of the Hungarian national economy.
The Food Processing Industry, Globalization and Developing Countries
Creators: name: Wilkinson, John
name: Wilkinson, John
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Food processing industry
subject: restructuring
subject: exports
subject: dietary issues
subject: SME

description: Transformations in the food processing sectors of developing countries are increasingly seen as strategic from the point of view of export earnings, domestic industry restructuring and dietary issues. This article reviews a selection of the literature on these themes. It begins with a discussion of the main trends identifiable in the food processing industries of the three regional blocs of the developed world, since it is their combined impact that determines the complex patterns of globalization. There follows a discussion of the importance of non-traditional food processing exports by developing countries and the different interpretations to which it has given rise. The internal transformations of the food processing sector of developing countries under the combined impact of imports and FDI are then considered. We conclude with a discussion of the heterogeneous dynamic of food processing in developing countries and the different possibilities for strengthening the participation of small and medium enterprises.
Undoing static correlation: Long-range charge transfer in time-dependent density functional theory
Creators: name: Maitra, Neepa T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Long-range charge transfer excited states are notoriously badly underestimated in time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT). We resolve how {\it exact} TDDFT captures charge transfer between open-shell species: in particular the role of the step in the ground-state potential, and the severe frequency-dependence of the exchange-correlation kernel. An expression for the latter is derived, that becomes exact in the limit that the charge-transfer excitations are well-separated from other excitations. The exchange-correlation kernel has the task of undoing the static correlation in the ground state introduced by the step, in order to accurately recover the physical charge-transfer states.
description: 2 figures
Spin splitting and spin Hall conductivity in buckled monolayers of the group 14: First-principles calculations
Creators: name: Farzaneh, S. M.
name: Rakheja, Shaloo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Elemental monolayers of the group 14 with a buckled honeycomb structure, namely silicene, germanene, stanene, and plumbene, are known to demonstrate a spin splitting as a result of an electric field parallel to their high symmetry axis which is capable of tuning their topological phase between a quantum spin Hall insulator and an ordinary band insulator. We perform first-principles calculations based on the density functional theory to quantify the spin-dependent band gaps and the spin splitting as a function of the applied electric field and extract the main coefficients of the invariant Hamiltonian. Using the linear response theory and the Wannier interpolation method, we calculate the spin Hall conductivity in the monolayers and study its sensitivity to an external electric field. Our results show that the spin Hall conductivity is not quantized and in the case of silicene, germanene, and stanene degrades significantly as the electric field inverts the band gap and brings the monolayer into the trivial phase. The electric field induced band gap does not close in the case of plumbene which shows a spin Hall conductivity that is robust to the external electric field.
description: 15 pages (11 main + 4 supplemental), 9 figures
PROPER AND COMMON NOUN: COMMON FEATURES AND DIFFERENCES
Creators: name: Ibratov, Bahrombek
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Proper nouns and common nouns are two types of nouns used in the English language. A proper noun is a specific name given to a particular person, place, or thing. Proper nouns always begin with a capital letter, regardless of their position in a sentence. For example, New York City, John Smith, and Coca-Cola are all examples of proper nouns.
Conservation of radial actions in time-dependent spherical potentials
Creators: name: Burger, Jan D.
name: Peñarrubia, Jorge
name: Zavala, Jesús
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In slowly evolving spherical potentials, $Φ(r,t)$, radial actions are typically assumed to remain constant. Here, we construct dynamical invariants that allow us to derive the evolution of radial actions in spherical central potentials with an arbitrary time dependence. We show that to linear order, radial actions oscillate around a constant value with an amplitude $ΔJ_r \propto \dotΦ/Φ\,P(E,L)$. Using this result, we develop a diffusion theory that describes the evolution of the radial action distribution of ensembles of tracer particles orbiting in generic time-dependent spherical potentials. Tests against restricted $N$-body simulations in a varying Kepler potential indicate that our linear theory is accurate in regions of phase-space in which the diffusion coefficient $\tilde{D}(J_r) < 0.01\,J_r^2$. For illustration, we apply our theory to two astrophysical processes. We show that the median mass accretion rate of a Milky Way (MW) dark matter (DM) halo leads to slow global time-variation of the gravitational potential, in which the evolution of radial actions is linear (i.e. either adiabatic or diffusive) for $\sim 84$ per cent of the DM halo at redshift $z=0$. This fraction grows considerably with lookback time, suggesting that diffusion may be relevant to the modelling of several Gyr-old tidal streams in action-angle space. As a second application, we show that dynamical tracers in a self-interacting DM (SIDM) dwarf halo (with $σ/m_χ= 1\,{\rm cm^2g^{-1}}$) have invariant radial actions during the formation of a cored density profile.
description: revised version, accepted and to appear in MNRAS, 29 pages, 19 figures, correspondence to jdb5@hi.is
Detecting multimode entanglement by symplectic uncertainty relations
Creators: name: Serafini, Alessio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A hierarchy of multimode uncertainty relations on the second moments of n pairs of canonical operators is derived in terms of quantities invariant under linear canonical (i.e. symplectic) transformations. Conditions for the separability of multimode continuous variable states are derived from the uncertainty relations, generalizing the inequalities obtained in [Phys. Rev. Lett. 96, 110402 (2006)] to states with some transposed symplectic eigenvalues equal to 1. Finally, to illustrate the methodology proposed for the detection of continuous variable entanglement, the separability of multimode noisy GHZ-like states is analysed in detail with the presented techniques, deriving a necessary and sufficient condition for the separability of such states under an `even' bipartition of the modes.
description: 8 pages, no figures but one little lemma; more general inequalities derived, GHZ-like states considered; accepted for publication on JOSA B
Emerging Challenges for Food and Nutrition Policy in Developing Countries
Creators: name: Stamoulis, Kostas G.
name: Pingali, Prabhu L.
name: Shetty, Prakash
name: Stamoulis, Kostas G.
name: Pingali, Prabhu L.
name: Shetty, Prakash
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Food policy
subject: food systems
subject: nutrition
subject: food insecurity
subject: undernutrition
subject: malnutrition
subject: urbanization

description: As the income and the average caloric intake of developing country populations increase, a relative shift in diets is taking place. The general pattern of change can be described as a shift towards more 'westernized' diets and away from traditional ones. Accompanying this dietary trend are the substantial and rapid changes in food production, retailing and distribution systems. After reviewing these combined shifts and changes, the paper discusses the implications for rural poverty and food security, food safety and quality but also for diet-related non-communicable diseases and the related, emerging challenges for policymakers.
Globalization, Urbanization and Nutritional Change in the Developing World
Creators: name: Mendez, Michelle A.
name: Popkin, Barry M.
name: Mendez, Michelle A.
name: Popkin, Barry M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: dietary patterns
subject: developing countries
subject: overweight
subject: food policy

description: Urbanization and globalization may enhance access to non traditional foods as a result of changing prices and production practices, as well as trade and marketing practices. These forces have influenced dietary patterns throughout the developing world. Longitudinal case study data from China indicate that consumption patterns closely reflect changes in availability, and that potentially obesogenic dietary patterns are emerging, with especially large changes in rural areas with high levels of urban infrastructure and resources. Recent data on women from 36 developing countries illustrate that these dietary shifts may have implications for overweight/obesity in urban and rural settings. These data emphasize the importance of developing country policies that include preventive measures to minimize further adverse shifts in diet and activity, and risk of continued rises in overweight.
Conasprella berschaueri Petuch & Myers 2014
Creators: name: Cavallari, Daniel C.
name: Dornellas, Ana Paula S.
name: Simone, Luiz Ricardo L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Gastropoda
Neogastropoda
Conidae
Conasprella
Conasprella berschaueri

description: berschaueri, Jaspidiconus Petuch & Myers, 2014
 Jaspidiconus berschaueri Petuch & Myers, 2014a: 41–42 (fig. 2D–F).
Gastropoda, Conidae
 Holotype: MZSP 116150.
 Locality: Lesser Antilles, Sint Maarten Island, Great Bay, Philipsburg, along the shore.
 Collector: D. Berschauer.
 Preservation: Dry.
 Remarks: This species was recombined as Conasprella berschaueri by Puillandre et al. (2015).
description: Published as part of Cavallari, Daniel C., Dornellas, Ana Paula S. & Simone, Luiz Ricardo L., 2016, Second annotated list of type specimens of molluscs deposited in the Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil, pp. 1-59 in European Journal of Taxonomy 213 on page 10, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2016.213, http://zenodo.org/record/3840125
Optically-Heralded Entanglement of Superconducting Systems in Quantum Networks
Creators: name: Krastanov, Stefan
name: Raniwala, Hamza
name: Holzgrafe, Jeffrey
name: Jacobs, Kurt
name: Lončar, Marko
name: Reagor, Matthew J.
name: Englund, Dirk R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Networking superconducting quantum computers is a longstanding challenge in quantum science. The typical approach has been to cascade transducers: converting to optical frequencies at the transmitter and to microwave frequencies at the receiver. However, the small microwave-optical coupling and added noise have proven formidable obstacles. Instead, we propose optical networking via heralding end-to-end entanglement with one detected photon and teleportation. In contrast to cascaded direct transduction, our scheme absorbs the low optical-microwave coupling efficiency into the heralding step, thus breaking the rate-fidelity trade-off. Moreover, this technique unifies and simplifies entanglement generation between superconducting devices and other physical modalities in quantum networks.
Nonlinear Interferometry via Fock State Projection
Creators: name: Khoury, G.
name: Eisenberg, H. S.
name: Fonseca, E. J. S.
name: Bouwmeester, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use a photon-number resolving detector to monitor the photon number distribution of the output of an interferometer, as a function of phase delay. As inputs we use coherent states with mean photon number up to seven. The postselection of a specific Fock (photon-number) state effectively induces high-order optical non-linearities. Following a scheme by Bentley and Boyd [S.J. Bentley and R.W. Boyd, Optics Express 12, 5735 (2004)] we explore this effect to demonstrate interference patterns a factor of five smaller than the Rayleigh limit.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures