DYNAMICS OF LEAF AREA AND YIELD OF ZUCCHINI PLANTS IN THE FOREST-STEPPE OF THE RIGHT BANK OF UKRAINE
Creators: name: Palamarchuk, I.
Publisher: name: The Scientific Heritage
Year: 2021
Subjects: mulching material
water-retaining granules
variety
leaf area
yield.

description: The influence of mulching materials and water-retaining granules on the formation of the assimilation surface and the overall yield of zucchini plants was studied. The leaf surface area depended on the type of mulching material and varied depending on the studied variety. In the initial phases of growth and development of zucchini plants, a slight increase in the vegetative mass of plants was observed. The greatest effect was observed with the use of mulching material of agrofiber black and polyethylene perforated black film, where the increase relative to control was: in the variety Zolotinka – 4.3 and 8.2 cm2 / plant, in the variety Chaklun – 4.3 and 6.6 cm2 / plant in accordance. Gradually, by the end of the growing season in zucchini plants, a decrease in leaf area was observed in all variants of the experiment. However, the best leaf area was preserved with the use of black agrofiber and perforated black polyethylene film. Given the dependence of yield and leaf area, the preserved leaf surface area contributed to the formation of zucchini fruits. Studies on the area of leaves depending on the variety and mulching material with the use of water-retaining granules Akvod showed a positive effect of the studied factors. Thus, in the phase of three true leaves, the increase in assimilation area using water-retaining granules relative to the option without granules was 0.1 – 0.9 cm2 / plant, in the flowering phase it was 0.2 – 0.4 thousand m2 / ha, in the technical phase maturity – 1.5 – 1.8 thousand m2 / ha. The largest this figure was observed at the end of the growing season of zucchini plants – 0.4 – 2.1 thousand m2 / ha. According to the average data, higher yields were observed for mulching the soil with black agrofiber and perforated black polyethylene film, in the Zolotinka variety – 49.7 and 53.3 t / ha, which is 7.3 and 10.9 t / ha more than the control. In the cultivar Chaklun all the studied variants had significantly higher yields, but it was the highest when mulching the soil with black agrofiber and perforated black polyethylene film – 90.0 and 97.8 t / ha, which is 20.2 and 28.0 t / ha, respectively more compared to control. Comparing the years of research, the most productive year was 2018, where the yield, depending on the variant of the experiment, ranged from 50.6 to 105.4 t / ha. The combined use of Aquod water-retaining granules and mulching the soil provides a higher level of zucchini yield, compared to using only mulching materials. It was found that against the background of the introduction of Aquod granules, all the studied options provided a significantly higher yield of zucchini. The largest increase in yield relative to control was provided by options for mulching the soil with black agrofiber and perforated black polyethylene film, the yield of marketable products increased by 12.3-21.9 t / ha for the variety Zolotinka and by 26.1-35.0 t / ha for the variety Chaklun.