cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Evolutionary Genetics of Canyon Treefrogs (Hyla arenicolor)
Creators: name: Murray, Roy A.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1997

description: Population genetics is the study of the mechanisms that cause genetic change in populations over time. Genetic changes may lead to both adaptive evolution and speciation. While the former process is fairly well understood, many questions remain unanswered with regard to the process of speciation. How important is population isolation in the process of speciation? How long must populations be isolated before speciation is complete? Are the genetic changes that take place during speciation caused mainly by natural selection or does genetic drift play a substantial role? Can genetic drift alone lead to reproductive isolation? These types of questions have been debated since the time of Darwin, but only for the last 30 years have scientists had the tools to examine genes directly at the population level.
This study is a first look at the population genetics of Canyon Treefrogs. Both the physiology of these frogs and the region they inhabit have contributed to a highly isolated population structure. Employing both laboratory analysis and computer modeling, I have examined the genetic changes occurring among these populations and also addressed biogeographical questions regarding how disjunct population structures arise in nature.
lsozyme and DNA sequencing results indicate an exceptional period of isolation among widely separated populations of Canyon Treefrogs. Eastern and western populations of frogs may have been isolated for as long as 1.5 million years. Divergence of the eastern-most population is at a level seen most often among congeneric amphibians based on results of previous studies. Sequencing analysis also points to the possibility of mtDNA introgression in two southern populations of Canyon Treefrogs.
Laboratory and computer modeling results suggest the importance of vicariant events in the establishment of the current disjunct population structure. Populations probably expanded their ranges along local drainage corridors during favorable periods. Subsequent shifts in drainage patterns severed avenues of gene flow, leading to genetic isolation.
Intrinsic colour calibration for F, G, K stars
Creators: name: Bonifacio, Piercarlo
name: Caffau, Elisabetta
name: Molaro, Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive an intrinsic colour calibration for F--K stars using broad band Johnson colours and line indices KP and HP2. Through this calibration we can determine E(B-V) of an individual star within 0.03 mag. The E(B-V) values thus derived are in excellent agreement with those derived from Stromgren photometry through the Schuster & Nissen (1989) calibration. The agreement is also good with the reddening maps of Burstein & Heiles (1982) and Schlegel et al (1998), although in this case there exists a small offset of about 0.01 mag. This calibration may be applied to the large body of data of the HK survey extension which will be published in the near future.
description: To be published in A&AS
Stellar evolution and modelling stars
Creators: name: Aguirre, Víctor Silva
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this chapter I give an overall description of the structure and evolution of stars of different masses, and review the main ingredients included in state-of-the-art calculations aiming at reproducing observational features. I give particular emphasis to processes where large uncertainties still exist as they have strong impact on stellar properties derived from large compilations of tracks and isochrones, and are therefore of fundamental importance in many fields of astrophysics.
description: Lecture presented at the IVth Azores International Advanced School in Space Sciences on "Asteroseismology and Exoplanets: Listening to the Stars and Searching for New Worlds" (arXiv:1709.00645), which took place in Horta, Azores Islands, Portugal in July 2016
Alice: Lessons Learned from Building a 3D System for Novices
Creators: name: Conway, Matthew
name: Audia, Steve
name: Burnette, Tommy
name: Cosgrove, Dennis
name: Christiansen, Kevin
name: Deline, Rob
name: Durbin, Jim
name: Gossweiler, Rich
name: Koga, Shuichi
name: Long, Chris
name: Mallory, Beth
name: Miale, Steve
name: Monkaitis, Kristen
name: Patton, James
name: Pierce, Jeff
name: Pausch, Randy
name: Shochet, Joe
name: Staack, David
name: Sterns, Brian
name: Stoakley, Richard
name: Sturgill, Chris
name: Viega, John
name: White, Jeff
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 1999
Subjects: Applied Computer Science

description: We present lessons learned from developing Alice, a 3D graphics programming environment designed for undergraduates with no 3D graphics or programming experience. Alice is a Windows 95/NT tool for describing the time-based and interactive behavior of 3D objects, not a CAD tool for creating object geometry. Our observations and conclusions come from formal and informal observations of hundreds of users. Primary results include the use of LOGOstyle egocentric coordinate systems, the use of arbitrary objects as lightweight coordinate systems, the launching of implicit threads of execution, extensive function overloading for a small set of commands, the careful choice of command names, and the ubiquitous use of animation and undo.
Dynamic model and stationary shapes of fluid vesicles
Creators: name: Campelo, F.
name: Hernandez-Machado, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: A phase-field model that takes into account the bending energy of fluid vesicles is presented. The Canham-Helfrich model is derived in the sharp-interface limit. A dynamic equation for the phase-field has been solved numerically to find stationary shapes of vesicles with different topologies and the dynamic evolution towards them. The results are in agreement with those found by minimization of the Canham-Helfrich free energy. This fact shows that our phase-field model could be applied to more complex problems of instabilities.
description: Accepted for publication in EPJE. 9 pages, 7 figures
Problem Identification in a Dairy Herd
Creators: name: Ariav, Raanan
name: Damman, Dan
name: Johnson, Kevin
name: Reha, Jennifer
Publisher: name: The Bovine Practitioner
Year: 2019

description: This report is the work of four senior veterinary students. Their assignment was to identify and prioritize the production problems on a dairy using the "Goal Form" from the Bovine Practitioner, No. 26, September 1991, pages 21 to 28.
description: The Bovine Practitioner, No. 27 (1993 September)
Additional file 1 of Differences in mortality in critically ill elderly patients during the second COVID-19 surge in Europe
Creators: name: Jung, Christian
name: Fjølner, Jesper
name: Bruno, Raphael Romano
name: Wernly, Bernhard
name: Artigas, Antonio
name: Bollen Pinto, Bernardo
name: Schefold, Joerg C.
name: Wolff, Georg
name: Kelm, Malte
name: Beil, Michael
name: Sviri, Sigal
name: van Heerden, Peter Vernon
name: Szczeklik, Wojciech
name: Czuczwar, Miroslaw
name: Joannidis, Michael
name: Oeyen, Sandra
name: Zafeiridis, Tilemachos
name: Andersen, Finn H.
name: Moreno, Rui
name: Leaver, Susannah
name: Boumendil, Ariane
name: De Lange, Dylan W.
name: Guidet, Bertrand
name: Flaatten, Hans
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Mental Health

description: Additional file 1. List of collaborators: COVIP-study; Description: List of COVIP study collaborators with affiliations.
Addressing the assessment challenge with an online system that tutors as it assesses
Creators: name: Mingyu  Feng
name: Heffernan, Neil
name: Koedinger, Kenneth R
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2009
Subjects: Applied Computer Science

description: Secondary teachers across the United States are being asked to use formative assessment data (Black and Wiliam 1998a,b; Roediger and Karpicke 2006) to inform their classroom instruction. At the same time, critics of US government’s No Child Left Behind legislation are calling the bill “No Child Left Untested”. Among other things, critics point out that every hour spent assessing students is an hour lost from instruction. But, does it have to be? What if we better integrated assessment into classroom instruction and allowed students to learn during the test? We developed an approach that provides immediate tutoring on practice assessment items that students cannot solve on their own. Our hypothesis is that we can achieve more accurate assessment by not only using data on whether students get test items right or wrong, but by also using data on the effort required for students to solve a test item with instructional assistance. We have integrated assistance and assessment in the ASSISTment system. The system helps teachers make better use of their time by offering instruction to students while providing a more detailed evaluation of student abilities to the teachers, which is impossible under current approaches. Our approach for assessing student math proficiency is to use data that our system collects through its interactions with students to estimate their performance on an end-of-year high stakes state test. Our results show that we can do a reliably better job predicting student end-of-year exam scores by leveraging the interaction data, and the model based on only the interaction information makes better predictions than the traditional assessment model that uses only information about correctness on the test items.
Tsallis' entropy maximization procedure revisited
Creators: name: Martinez, S.
name: Nicolas, F.
name: Pennini, F.
name: Plastino, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The proper way of averaging is an important question with regards to Tsallis' Thermostatistics. Three different procedures have been thus far employed in the pertinent literature. The third one, i.e., the Tsallis-Mendes-Plastino (TMP) normalization procedure, exhibits clear advantages with respect to earlier ones. In this work, we advance a distinct (from the TMP-one) way of handling the Lagrange multipliers involved in the extremization process that leads to Tsallis' statistical operator. It is seen that the new approach considerably simplifies the pertinent analysis without losing the beautiful properties of the Tsallis-Mendes-Plastino formalism.
description: 17 pages, no figures
Weakly nonlocal nonequilibrium thermodynamics: the Cahn-Hilliard equation
Creators: name: Ván, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Cahn-Hilliard and Ginzburg-Landau (Allen-Cahn) equations are derived from the second law. The intuitive approach by separation of full divergences is supported by a more rigorous method, based on Liu procedure and a constitutive entropy flux. Thermodynamic considerations eliminate the necessity of variational techniques and explain the role of functional derivatives.
description: 13 pages
Problem Identification in a Dairy Herd
Creators: name: Maroney, Mike
name: Hillery, Fay
name: Hookstead, Jeff
Publisher: name: The Bovine Practitioner
Year: 2019

description: This report is the work of three senior veterinary students. Their assignment was to identify and prioritize the production problems on a dairy using the "Goal Form" from the Bovine Practitioner, No. 26, September 1991, pages 21 to 28.
description: The Bovine Practitioner, No. 27 (1993 September)
Predictive modeling of die filling of the pharmaceutical granules using the flexible neural tree
Creators: name: Ojha, Varun Kumar
name: Schiano, Serena
name: Wu, Chuan-Yu
name: Snášel, Václav
name: Abraham, Ajith
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this work, a computational intelligence (CI) technique named flexible neural tree (FNT) was developed to predict die filling performance of pharmaceutical granules and to identify significant die filling process variables. FNT resembles feedforward neural network, which creates a tree-like structure by using genetic programming. To improve accuracy, FNT parameters were optimized by using differential evolution algorithm. The performance of the FNT-based CI model was evaluated and compared with other CI techniques: multilayer perceptron, Gaussian process regression, and reduced error pruning tree. The accuracy of the CI model was evaluated experimentally using die filling as a case study. The die filling experiments were performed using a model shoe system and three different grades of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) powders (MCC PH 101, MCC PH 102, and MCC DG). The feed powders were roll-compacted and milled into granules. The granules were then sieved into samples of various size classes. The mass of granules deposited into the die at different shoe speeds was measured. From these experiments, a dataset consisting true density, mean diameter (d50), granule size, and shoe speed as the inputs and the deposited mass as the output was generated. Cross-validation (CV) methods such as 10FCV and 5x2FCV were applied to develop and to validate the predictive models. It was found that the FNT-based CI model (for both CV methods) performed much better than other CI models. Additionally, it was observed that process variables such as the granule size and the shoe speed had a higher impact on the predictability than that of the powder property such as d50. Furthermore, validation of model prediction with experimental data showed that the die filling behavior of coarse granules could be better predicted than that of fine granules.
Quantum phantom cosmology
Creators: name: Dabrowski, Mariusz P.
name: Kiefer, Claus
name: Sandhoefer, Barbara
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply the formalism of quantum cosmology to models containing a phantom field. Three models are discussed explicitly: a toy model, a model with an exponential phantom potential, and a model with phantom field accompanied by a negative cosmological constant. In all these cases we calculate the classical trajectories in configuration space and give solutions to the Wheeler-DeWitt equation in quantum cosmology. In the cases of the toy model and the model with exponential potential we are able to solve the Wheeler-DeWitt equation exactly. For comparison, we also give the corresponding solutions for an ordinary scalar field. We discuss in particular the behaviour of wave packets in minisuperspace. For the phantom field these packets disperse in the region that corresponds to the Big Rip singularity. This thus constitutes a genuine quantum region at large scales, described by a regular solution of the Wheeler-DeWitt equation. For the ordinary scalar field, the Big-Bang singularity is avoided. Some remarks on the arrow of time in phantom models as well as on the relation of phantom models to loop quantum cosmology are given.
description: 21 pages, 6 figures
Spectroscopic Gravitational Lens Candidates in the CNOC2 Field Galaxy Redshift Survey
Creators: name: Hall, Patrick B.
name: Yee, H. K. C.
name: Lin, Huan
name: Morris, Simon L.
name: Gladders, Michael D.
name: Carlberg, R. G.
name: Patton, David R.
name: Sawicki, Marcin
name: Shepherd, Charles W.
name: Wirth, Gregory D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present five candidate gravitational lenses discovered spectroscopically in the Canadian Network for Observational Cosmology Field Galaxy Redshift Survey (CNOC2), along with one found in followup observations. Each has a secure redshift based on several features, plus a discrepant emission line which does not match any known or plausible feature and is visible in multiple direct spectral images. We identify these lines as Lyman-alpha or [OII] emission from galaxies lensed by, or projected onto, the CNOC2 target galaxies. Einstein radii estimated from the candidate deflector galaxy luminosities indicate that for two candidates the lines are probably [OII] from projected z<1 galaxies (consistent with the detection of H-beta as well as [OII] in one of them), but that in the remaining four cases the lines could be Ly-alpha from lensed z>3 galaxies. We estimate that only 1.9+-0.7 [OII]-emitting galaxies are expected to project onto target galaxies in the original CNOC2 sample, consistent with three or four of the six candidates being true gravitational lenses.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures, AJ in press
Rapid acceleration of electrons in the magnetosphere by fast-mode MHD waves
Creators: name: Summers, Danny
name: Ma, Chunyu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: During major megnetic storms, enhanced flux of relativistic electrons in the inner magnetosphere have been observed to correleated with ULF waves. The enhancements can take place over a period of several hours. In order to account for such a rapid generation of relativistic electrons, we examine the mechanism of transit-time acceleration of electrons by low-frequency fast-mode MHD waves, here the assumed form of ULF waves. Calcaulations of the acceleration timescales in the model show that fast-mode waves in the Pc4 to Pc5 frequency range, with typically observed wave amplitudes 10--20 nT, can accelerate the seed electrons to energies of order MeV in a period of a few hours.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures, Accepted to J. Geophys. Res
Polioencephalomalacia in Dairy Calves
Creators: name: Emery, Kathleen
name: Oetzel, Garrett
Publisher: name: The Bovine Practitioner
Year: 2019

description: Polioencephalomalacia (PEM) is a neurologic condition in ruminants that can be caused by several dietary factors including water deprivation-sodium ion toxicosis, lead poisoning and high sulfur intake. Three month old calves on a 1500-cow dairy experienced neurologic problems during three separate episodes. The morbidity rate approached 75% each time. Based upon post-mortem examination, three of the affected calves were diagnosed with PEM. The history revealed a change in the formulation of the pelleted feed four days prior to the initial outbreak. Wet chemistry analysis of the pelleted feed revealed a sulfur content of0.56% (dry matter basis), which was considered to be the cause of the PEM outbreak.
description: The Bovine Practitioner, Vol. 35, No. 1 (2001 January)
The equilibrium of over-pressurised polytropes
Creators: name: Huré, J. -M.
name: Hersant, F.
name: Nasello, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the impact of an external pressure on the structure of self-gravitating polytropes for axially symmetric ellipsoids and rings. The confinement of the fluid by photons is accounted for through a boundary condition on the enthalpy $H$. Equilibrium configurations are determined numerically from a generalised "Self-Consistent-Field"-method. The new algorithm incorporates an intra-loop re-scaling operator ${\cal R}(H)$, which is essential for both convergence and getting self-normalised solutions. The main control parameter is the external-to-core enthalpy ratio. In the case of uniform rotation rate and uniform surrounding pressure, we compute the mass, the volume, the rotation rate and the maximum enthalpy. This is repeated for a few polytropic indices $n$. For a given axis ratio, over-pressurization globally increases all output quantities, and this is more pronounced for large $n$. Density profiles are flatter than in the absence of an external pressure. When the control parameter asymptotically tends to unity, the fluid converges toward the incompressible solution, whatever the index, but becomes geometrically singular. Equilibrium sequences, obtained by varying the axis ratio, are built. States of critical rotation are greatly exceeded or even disappear. The same trends are observed with differential rotation. Finally, the typical response to a photon point source is presented. Strong irradiation favours sharp edges. Applications concern star forming regions and matter orbiting young stars and black holes.
description: 16 pages
The Fixed Points of RG Flow with a Tachyon
Creators: name: Gegenberg, J.
name: Suneeta, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We examine the fixed points to first-order RG flow of a non-linear sigma model with background metric, dilaton and tachyon fields. We show that on compact target spaces, the existence of fixed points with non-zero tachyon is linked to the sign of the second derivative of the tachyon potential $V''(T)$ (this is the analogue of a result of Bourguignon for the zero-tachyon case). For a tachyon potential with only the leading term, such fixed points are possible. On non-compact target spaces, we introduce a small non-zero tachyon and compute the correction to the Euclidean 2d black hole (cigar) solution at second order in perturbation theory with a tachyon potential containing a cubic term as well. The corrections to the metric, tachyon and dilaton are well-behaved at this order and tachyon `hair' persists. We also briefly discuss solutions to the RG flow equations in the presence of a tachyon that suggest a comparison to dynamical fixed point solutions obtained by Yang and Zwiebach.
description: 15 pages, 1 figure, journal version
Management of paratuberculosis in a dairy goat herd
Creators: name: Hutchinson, L. J.
name: Weinstock, D.
name: Byler, L. I.
Publisher: name: The Bovine Practitioner
Year: 2004

description: A total of 234 adult, mixed-breed dairy goats in the USA were screened for paratuberculosis antibodies using ELISA and agar gel immunodiffusion (AGID) methods licensed for bovine use in January 2000. All does which had one or more parturitions were included in the serological screening tests conducted at 6-month intervals over a 2-year period. Test-positive animals were removed from the herd and, at the owners' discretion, were either euthanized and examined by necropsy, histopathology and culture, or sold for meat purposes. Management practices for control of paratuberculosis transmission were also implemented. There was good agreement between ELISA and AGID test results (Kappa=0.625). Of 41 seropositive goats submitted for necropsy, 39 (95%) were paratuberculosis-positive. Over a 2-year period, herd seroprevalence declined from 9.83 to 3.59% among adult does. Testing for Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis and adopting management practices recommended for control of paratuberculosis in cattle appeared to reduce the seroprevalence of paratuberculosis in this goat herd.
description: The Bovine Practitioner, Vol. 38, No. 2 (2004 June)
Additional file 3 of Differences in mortality in critically ill elderly patients during the second COVID-19 surge in Europe
Creators: name: Jung, Christian
name: Fjølner, Jesper
name: Bruno, Raphael Romano
name: Wernly, Bernhard
name: Artigas, Antonio
name: Bollen Pinto, Bernardo
name: Schefold, Joerg C.
name: Wolff, Georg
name: Kelm, Malte
name: Beil, Michael
name: Sviri, Sigal
name: van Heerden, Peter Vernon
name: Szczeklik, Wojciech
name: Czuczwar, Miroslaw
name: Joannidis, Michael
name: Oeyen, Sandra
name: Zafeiridis, Tilemachos
name: Andersen, Finn H.
name: Moreno, Rui
name: Leaver, Susannah
name: Boumendil, Ariane
name: De Lange, Dylan W.
name: Guidet, Bertrand
name: Flaatten, Hans
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Mental Health

description: Additional file 3. Number of included patients: n (% within the wave) for the first ((until 26 May 2020) and second wave (1 September–31 December 2020) per country.
SPINMATE: D1.1 Management Handbook
Creators: name: Rodrigues, Bruno Filipe
name: Duarte, Marco
name: Leal, Ana Solange
Publisher: name: SPINMATE Project
Year: 2022

description: The Management Handbook is intended to support partners in the effective and efficient administrative and financial management of the project while ensuring the quality of the project outcomes. It presents the procedures, structures and coordination defined to the project implementation and sets out key responsibilities for partners. It is intended to support the achievement of project objectives, the compliance with project scheduling and the timely delivery of project results.
Management of an outbreak of salmonellosis on a commercial calf raising unit
Creators: name: Gardner, C. E.
name: Nydam, D. V.
name: Ellis, R. G.
name: Kelsey, Sonya
name: McDonough, P. L.
name: Warnick, L. D.
Publisher: name: The Bovine Practitioner
Year: 2004

description: In the fall of 2001, a large commercial dairy calf and heifer raising operation in New York, USA, suffered an outbreak of acute neonatal diarrhoea. Prior to the outbreak, mortality before weaning was 2.5%, and during the outbreak preweaning mortality reached 10%. Multidrug-resistant Salmonella spp. serogroup C2 (serotype Newport) was recovered from clinically affected calves as well as from many environmental sites, including footbaths. This paper identifies some risk factors, such as low serum total protein, and reviews management protocols that were helpful, as well as those that were not (e.g., footbaths), for controlling transmission of Salmonella spp.
description: The Bovine Practitioner, Vol. 38, No. 2 (2004 June)
Coordinate transformation in the model of long Josephson junctions: geometrically equivalent Josephson junctions
Creators: name: Semerdzhieva, E. G.
name: Boyadjiev, T. L.
name: Shukrinov, Yu. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The transition from the model of a long Josephson junction of variable width to the model of a junction with a coordinate-dependent Josephson current amplitude is effected through a coordinate transformation. This establishes the correspondence between the classes of Josephson junctions of variable width and quasi-one-dimensional junctions with a variable thickness of the barrier layer. It is shown that for a junction of exponentially varying width the barrier layer of the equivalent quasi-one-dimensional junction has a distributed resistive inhomogeneity that acts as an attractor for magnetic flux vortices. The curve of the critical current versus magnetic field for a Josephson junction with a resistive microinhomogeneity is constructed with the aid of a numerical simulation, and a comparison is made with the critical curve of a junction of exponentially varying width. The possibility of replacing a distributed inhomogeneity in a Josephson junction by a local inhomogeneity at the end of the junction is thereby demonstrated; this can have certain advantages from a technological point of view.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures
Insights on Reticulate Evolution in Ferns, with Special Emphasis on the Genus Ceratopteris
Creators: name: Kinosian, Sylvia P.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2021

description: The history of life is often viewed as a evenly branching tree; however, in reality it is more like a tangled hedgerow. Many groups of organisms are known to have such a net-like or reticulate evolutionary history, but it is particularly common in ferns and lycophytes (also known as pteridophytes). This dissertation investigates how net-like evolution affects different groups of ferns, with a special emphasis on the model species C-fern (Ceratopteris richardii, also called the antler or water sprite fern). Genomic data are utilized to under-stand hybridization, cryptic species and reticulate evolution in two groups of ferns. The C-fern is shown to be a potential hybrid species, which has important implications for future research using this model organism.
title: ADCO, Cartulaire de Cîteaux pour les possessions de Dijon et du Dijonnais (XVe siècle), Cart. 175 (11 H 479), 115 folios, f. 0128
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CG21/F.PETOT/2017
name: Petot, Frédéric
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris
subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge
subject: cartulaire

description: Cartulaire de Cîteaux pour les possessions de Dijon et du Dijonnais (XVe siècle), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 175 (11 H 479), 115 folios, f. 0128, Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Cartulaire de Cîteaux pour les possessions de Dijon et du Dijonnais (XVe siècle), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 175 (11 H 479), 115 folios, f. 0128, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https:// manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12228351v
description: Provenance: abbaye de Cîteaux
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843261
description: Provenance: https://www.geonames.org/3024876
description: Provenance: http://www.idref.fr/030974844/id
An efficient genetic algorithm for large-scale planning of robust industrial wireless networks
Creators: name: Gong, Xu
name: Plets, David
name: Tanghe, Emmeric
name: De Pessemier, Toon
name: Martens, Luc
name: Joseph, Wout
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 68T20

description: An industrial indoor environment is harsh for wireless communications compared to an office environment, because the prevalent metal easily causes shadowing effects and affects the availability of an industrial wireless local area network (IWLAN). On the one hand, it is costly, time-consuming, and ineffective to perform trial-and-error manual deployment of wireless nodes. On the other hand, the existing wireless planning tools only focus on office environments such that it is hard to plan IWLANs due to the larger problem size and the deployed IWLANs are vulnerable to prevalent shadowing effects in harsh industrial indoor environments. To fill this gap, this paper proposes an overdimensioning model and a genetic algorithm based over-dimensioning (GAOD) algorithm for deploying large-scale robust IWLANs. As a progress beyond the state-of-the-art wireless planning, two full coverage layers are created. The second coverage layer serves as redundancy in case of shadowing. Meanwhile, the deployment cost is reduced by minimizing the number of access points (APs); the hard constraint of minimal inter-AP spatial paration avoids multiple APs covering the same area to be simultaneously shadowed by the same obstacle. The computation time and occupied memory are dedicatedly considered in the design of GAOD for large-scale optimization. A greedy heuristic based over-dimensioning (GHOD) algorithm and a random OD algorithm are taken as benchmarks. In two vehicle manufacturers with a small and large indoor environment, GAOD outperformed GHOD with up to 20% less APs, while GHOD outputted up to 25% less APs than a random OD algorithm. Furthermore, the effectiveness of this model and GAOD was experimentally validated with a real deployment system.
Auditory Sensitivity Provided by Self-tuned Critical Oscillations of Hair Cells
Creators: name: Camalet, Sebastien
name: Duke, Thomas
name: Julicher, Frank
name: Prost, Jacques
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Quantitative Biology (q-bio)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We introduce the concept of self-tuned criticality as a general mechanism for signal detection in sensory systems. In the case of hearing, we argue that active amplification of faint sounds is provided by a dynamical system which is maintained at the threshold of an oscillatory instability. This concept can account for the exquisite sensitivity of the auditory system and its wide dynamic range, as well as its capacity to respond selectively to different frequencies. A specific model of sound detection by the hair cells of the inner ear is discussed. We show that a collection of motor proteins within a hair bundle can generate oscillations at a frequency which depends on the elastic properties of the bundle. Simple variation of bundle geometry gives rise to hair cells with characteristic frequencies which span the range of audibility. Tension-gated transduction channels, which primarily serve to detect the motion of a hair bundle, also tune each cell by admitting ions which regulate the motor protein activity. By controlling the bundle's propensity to oscillate, this feedback automatically maintains the system in the operating regime where it is most sensitive to sinusoidal stimuli. The model explains how hair cells can detect sounds which carry less energy than the background noise.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures, REVTEX
A Multi-Agent TV Recorder
Creators: name: Kurapati, Kaushal
name: Gutta, Srinivas
name: Schaffer, David
name: Martino, Jacquelyn
name: Zimmerman, John
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2001
Subjects: Applied Computer Science

description: Personal Television is here via the advent of a new class of devices called personal video recorders (PVRs). These recorders change the user task from (a) selecting a specific channel to watch from the 100+ available channels to (b) finding something “good” to record from the 10,000+ shows broadcast each week. Recommender systems, such as the one described in this paper, will help track users’ preferences and aid users in choosing shows to record. In this paper we advance a multi-agent TV recommender system that encapsulates three user information streams--implicit view history, explicit preferences, and feedback information on specific shows--into adaptive agents and generates program recommendations for a TV viewer. We have tested the system in various agent combinations with real users drawn from a wide variety of living conditions. The combination of implicit and explicit agents seems to work best in our framework.
Vacuum polarization induced by a cylindrical boundary in the cosmic string spacetime
Creators: name: de Mello, E. R. Bezerra
name: Bezerra, V. B.
name: Saharian, A. A.
name: Tarloyan, A. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we investigate the Wightman function, the renormalized vacuum expectation values of the field square, and the energy-momentum tensor for a massive scalar field with general curvature coupling inside and outside of a cylindrical shell in the generalized spacetime of straight cosmic string. For the general case of Robin boundary condition, by using the generalized Abel-Plana formula, the vacuum expectation values are presented in the form of the sum of boundary-free and boundary-induced parts. The asymptotic behavior of the vacuum expectation values of the field square, energy density and stresses are investigated in various limiting cases. The generalization of the results to the exterior region is given for a general cylindrically symmetric static model of the string core with finite support.
description: 21 pages, 5 figures
Factoring the Strong CP Problem
Creators: name: Agrawal, Prateek
name: Howe, Kiel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new mechanism to solve the strong CP problem using $N\geq2$ axions, each dynamically relaxing part of the $\barθ$ parameter. At high energies $M\ggΛ_{QCD}$ the $SU(3)_{c}$ group becomes the diagonal subgroup of an $SU(3)^{N}$ gauge group, and the non-perturbative effects in each individual $SU(3)$ factor generate a potential for the corresponding axion. The vacuum is naturally aligned to ensure $\barθ=0$ at low energies, and the masses of these axions can be much larger than for the standard QCD axion. This mechanism avoids the introduction of a discrete $Z_2$ symmetry and associated 'mirror' copies of the SM fermions, and also avoids the introduction and stabilization of new light colored states to modify the running of the QCD gauge coupling found in other heavy axion models. This strengthens the motivation for axion-like particles solving the strong CP problem at points beyond the standard QCD axion curve in the $(m_a, f_a)$ plane.
description: 14 pages, 5 figures
Removal of bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) persistently infected (PI) animals from a United States beef herd
Creators: name: Cleveland, Susan M.
name: Cleveland, Matthew A.
name: Salman, Mo D.
name: Mortimer, Robert G.
name: Van Campen, Hana
Publisher: name: The Bovine Practitioner
Year: 2004

description: This study was conducted to determine the effect of removing cattle persistently infected (PI) with bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) on seroprevalence and prevalence of PI calves in an endemically infected beef herd in Colorado, USA. The prevalence of PI animals and the serum neutralizing (SN) titres of heifers, bulls and calves were determined for three cow-calf herds in a beef cattle ranch over a period of 2 years [date not given]. In the first year, identified PI animals were removed from the herd within 3 weeks of identification. Five PI animals of 2921 (0.171%) cattle tested were identified in the first year. One PI animal was a yearling heifer and the remaining 4 were calves. Three of the 4 PI calves identified were removed prior to the breeding season, when the calves averaged 2 months of age. One PI animal was not identified until weaning at 6 months of age, and was present in the herd during the breeding season. The percentage of animals with high SN titres (?1:512) were 20.6% (367/1784) to type I BVDV and 44.8% (799/1784) to type II BVDV. In year 2, PI calves were not identified and the percentage of calves with high SN titres to BVDV type I and type II decreased to 5.91 (58/981) and 18.04% (177/981), respectively. Removal of PI animals in the first year reduced transmission of BVDV as evidenced by a significant decrease in the prevalence of high BVDV SN titres and the absence of PI animals the following year. These findings support the use of PI animal identification and removal as an effective BVDV control strategy in beef herds.
description: The Bovine Practitioner, Vol. 38, No. 2 (2004 June)
CMB Observables and Their Cosmological Implications
Creators: name: Hu, Wayne
name: Fukugita, Masataka
name: Zaldarriaga, Matias
name: Tegmark, Max
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that recent measurements of the power spectrum of cosmic microwave background anisotropies by BOOMERanG and MAXIMA can be characterized by four observables, the position of the first acoustic peak l_1= 206 pm 6, the height of the first peak relative to COBE normalization H_1= 7.6 pm 1.4, the height of the second peak relative to the first H_2 = 0.38 pm 0.04, and the height of the third peak relative to the first H_3 = 0.43 pm 0.07. This phenomenological representation of the measurements complements more detailed likelihood analyses in multidimensional parameter space, clarifying the dependence on prior assumptions and the specific aspects of the data leading to the constraints. We illustrate their use in the flat LCDM family of models, where we find Omega_m h^{3.8} > 0.079 (or nearly equivalently, the age of the universe t_0 < 13-14 Gyr) from l_1 and a baryon density Omega_b h^2 > 0.019, a matter density Omega_m h^2 < 0.42 and tilt n>0.85 from the peak heights (95% CL). With the aid of several external constraints, notably nucleosynthesis, the age of the universe and the cluster abundance and baryon fraction, we construct the allowed region in the (Omega_m,h) plane; it points to high h (0.6< h < 0.9) and moderate Omega_m (0.25 < Omega_m < 0.6).
description: 12pages, 11figs. Version accepted in ApJ. Several typos fixed including eqns (13,A22)
Cultural Memory and Media: Spanish Republicans and the Spanish Civil War
Creators: name: Cameron, Stuart
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2021

description: This project examines the interplay between memory, history, and politics relating to Spanish Republican memories of the Spanish Civil War (1936-1939) and the following authoritarian dictatorship of Francisco Franco (1939-1975). In my analysis of this relationship, I focus on the years around the passage of the Law of Historical Memory in 2007; I explore how Spaniards used several forms of media, namely books, graphic narratives, and interviews, to relay their messages regarding the recovery, preservation, and passage of the memories of the defeated Republicans. The authors in each medium, despite telling different stories, both real and fictional, portrayed the act of recovering memory with a sense of closure and healing for those telling the stories. Similarly, they all emphasize the importance of creating an intergenerational memory, with older Spaniards, namely the former Spanish Republicans and those that lived during the war and dictatorship, passing their memories along to younger generations for posterity’s sake.
Before this, however, this project also introduces the reader to the Spanish Civil War as an event, as well as giving an overview of memory studies, showing how both are complex subjects and how their scholars discuss them.
Similarly, I also discuss the forces that worked against the Republican memory, namely the harsh repression of this group enacted during Franco’s dictatorship and the silencing tactics and agreements of the post-Franco democracy.
The Effect of bovine respiratory syncytial virus vaccination on health, feedlot performance and carcass characteristics of feeder cattle
Creators: name: MacGregor, Scott
name: Wray, Mary I.
Publisher: name: The Bovine Practitioner
Year: 2004

description: A 2-year study was conducted in 2001-2003 to determine the effects of a feedlot-arrival modified-live viral vaccination protocol containing adjuvanted bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) compared to a vaccination protocol not including adjuvanted BRSV on health, feedlot performance and carcass characteristics of feeder cattle. The vaccine products compared were a multivalent adjuvanted modified-live bovine rhinotracheitis virus, bovine diarrhoea virus, bovine parainfluenza-3 virus, respiratory syncytial virus vaccine (4-WAY) and a multivalent adjuvanted vaccine of similar formulation which did not contain BRSV (3-WAY). A total of 50 blocks, evenly divided between steers and heifers, were allocated to the study involving 19?099 cattle. Yearling feeder cattle were primarily used, with 161 average days on feed. Interactions were not observed between vaccine treatment and feedlot location, placement season, animal sex or animal age. Percent of overall morbidity due to respiratory disease was less (P=0.0629) for cattle vaccinated with 4-WAY vaccine compared to 3-WAY. Overall mortality, expressed as the number of animals per pen that died (P=0.0020) and percent deaths per pen (P=0.0007), was improved for cattle vaccinated with 4-WAY versus 3-WAY vaccine. The number of animals per pen that died due to respiratory disease was less (P=0.0060) for 4-WAY compared to 3-WAY. Overall case fatality, expressed as the number of treated animals per pen that died (P=0.0116) and percent of treated animals that died (P=0.1027), was improved for cattle vaccinated with 4-WAY vs. 3-WAY vaccine. The number of animals treated for respiratory disease per pen that died was less (P=0.0132) in the 4-WAY group compared to 3-WAY. Medical treatment cost per animal treated was $2.01 per head less (P=0.0688) for cattle vaccinated with 4-WAY. All other health parameters measured were similar between the two vaccine treatments. Feedlot performance variables such as dry matter feed intake, average daily liveweight gain and feed conversion were not different between the two vaccine treatments. The majority of carcass characteristics measured were similar for the two vaccine treatments; however, the percent Yield Grade 2 carcasses were less (P=0.0501) and the percent Yield Grade 3 carcasses greater (P=0.0561) for cattle vaccinated with 4-WAY compared to 3-WAY. Net feedlot margin was numerically increased $4.33 per head for cattle vaccinated with 4-WAY vaccine, but this difference was not statistically different (P=0.3057). It appears from this study that feedlot health parameters and some production costs can be improved for feeder cattle immunized for BRSV with an adjuvanted modified live antigen.
description: The Bovine Practitioner, Vol. 38, No. 2 (2004 June)
Large Strebel graphs and $(3,2)$ Liouville CFT
Creators: name: Charbonnier, Séverin
name: Eynard, Bertrand
name: David, François
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 05C10, 33C10, 57R20 (Primary) 81T40, 05C80, 30F30 (Secondary)

description: 2D quantum gravity is the idea that a set of discretized surfaces (called map, a graph on a surface), equipped with a graph measure, converges in the large size limit (large number of faces) to a conformal field theory (CFT), and in the simplest case to the simplest CFT known as pure gravity, also known as the gravity dressed (3,2) minimal model. Here we consider the set of planar Strebel graphs (planar trivalent metric graphs) with fixed perimeter faces, with the measure product of Lebesgue measure of all edge lengths, submitted to the perimeter constraints. We prove that expectation values of a large class of observables indeed converge towards the CFT amplitudes of the (3,2) minimal model.
description: 35 pages, 6 figures, misprints corrected, presentation of appendix A modified