cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Estimation of genetic diversity in viral populations from next generation sequencing data with extremely deep coverage
Creators: name: Zukurov, Jean P.
name: Nascimento-Brito, Sieberth do
name: Volpini, Angela C.
name: Oliveira, Guilherme
name: Janini, Luiz Mario R.
name: Antoneli, Fernando
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: Genomics (q-bio.GN)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: In this paper we propose a method and discuss its computational implementation as an integrated tool for the analysis of viral genetic diversity on data generated by high-throughput sequencing. Most methods for viral diversity estimation proposed so far are intended to take benefit of the longer reads produced by some NGS platforms in order to estimate a population of haplotypes. Our goal here is to take advantage of distinct virtues of a certain kind of NGS platform - the platform SOLiD (Life Technologies) is an example - that has not received much attention due to the short length of its reads, which renders haplotype estimation very difficult. However, this kind of platform has a very low error rate and extremely deep coverage per site and our method is designed to take advantage of these characteristics. We propose to measure the populational genetic diversity through a family of multinomial probability distributions indexed by the sites of the virus genome, each one representing the populational distribution of the diversity per site. The implementation of the method focuses on two main optimization strategies: a read mapping/alignment procedure that aims at the recovery of the maximum possible number of short-reads; the estimation of the multinomial parameters through a Bayesian approach, which, unlike simple frequency counting, allows one to take into account the prior information of the control population within the inference of a posterior experimental condition and provides a natural way to separate signal from noise, since it automatically furnishes Bayesian confidence intervals. The methods described in this paper have been implemented as an integrated tool called Tanden (Tool for Analysis of Diversity in Viral Populations).
description: 30 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables, Tanden is written in C# (Microsoft), runs on the Windows operating system, and can be downloaded from: http://tanden.url.ph
Compact homogeneous lcK manifolds are Vaisman
Creators: name: Gauduchon, Paul
name: Moroianu, Andrei
name: Ornea, Liviu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove that any compact homogeneous locally conformally Kähler manifold has parallel Lee form.
description: 6 pages; final version, to appear in Math. Ann
Supersymmetry, Naturalness, and Light Higgsinos
Creators: name: Mustafayev, Azar
name: Tata, Xerxes
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compare and contrast three different sensitivity measures, $Δ_{EW}^{-1}$, $Δ_{HS}^{-1}$ and $Δ_{BG}^{-1}$ that have been used in discussions of fine-tuning. We argue that though not a fine-tuning measure, $Δ_{EW}$, which is essentially determined by the particle spectrum, is important because $Δ_{EW}^{-1}$ quantifies the minimum fine-tuning present in any theory with a specified spectrum. We emphasize the critical role of incorporating correlations between various model parameters in discussions of fine-tuning. We provide toy examples to show that if we can find high scale theories with specific correlations amongst parameters, the value of the traditional fine-tuning measure $Δ_{BG}^{-1}$ (which differs significantly from $Δ_{HS}^{-1}$ only when these correlations are important) would be close to $Δ_{EW}^{-1}$. We then set up the radiatively driven natural SUSY framework that we advocate for phenomenological analyses of natural models of supersymmetry, and review the implications of naturalness for LHC and ILC searches for SUSY as well as for searches for SUSY dark matter.
description: 23 pages, 4 figures, Invited contribution to the Volume Commemorating C.V.Raman's 125th Birth Anniversary; v2: added footnote 7 and updated references, published version; v3: The cross sections for the pair production of electroweak-inos shown in Fig.2 were too high by a factor 2. The error is confined to just this figure, and does not affect any other results in the paper
Power law Starobinsky model of inflation from no-scale SUGRA
Creators: name: Chakravarty, Girish Kumar
name: Mohanty, Subhendra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a power law $\frac{1}{M^2}R^β$ correction to Einstein gravity as a model of inflation. The interesting feature of this form of generalization is that small deviations from the Starobinsky limit $β=2$ can change the value of tensor to scalar ratio from $r \sim \mathcal{O}(10^{-3})$ to $r\sim \mathcal{O}(0.1)$. We find that in order to get large tensor perturbation $r\approx 0.1$ as indicated by BKP measurements, we require the value of $β\approx 1.83$ thereby breaking global Weyl symmetry. We show that the general $R^β$ model can be obtained from a SUGRA construction by adding a power law $(Φ+\bar Φ)^n$ term to the minimal no-scale SUGRA Kähler potential. We further show that this two parameter power law generalization of the Starobinsky model is equivalent to generalized non-minimal curvature coupled models with quantum corrected $Φ^{4}$- potentials i.e. models of the form $ξΦ^{a} R^{b} + λΦ^{4(1+γ)}$ and thus the power law Starobinsky model is the most economical parametrization of such models.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, Matches version to appear in Phys. Lett. B
Dual variational methods and nonvanishing for the nonlinear Helmholtz equation
Creators: name: Evequoz, Gilles
name: Weth, Tobias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We set up a dual variational framework to detect real standing wave solutions of the nonlinear Helmholtz equation $$ -Δu-k^2 u =Q(x)|u|^{p-2}u,\qquad u \in W^{2,p}(\mathbb{R}^N) $$ with $N\geq 3$, $\frac{2(N+1)}{(N-1)}< p
Mechanisms involved in metastasis enhanced by inflammatory mediators
Creators: name: Männel, D. N.
name: Orosz, P.
name: Hafner, M.
name: Falk, Werner
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin
subject: Animals
subject: Cell Adhesion
subject: Endothelium, Vascular/pathology
subject: Female
subject: Fibrosarcoma/pathology
subject: Humans
subject: Inflammation/complications
subject: Interleukin-1/pharmacology
subject: Killer Cells, Natural/physiology
subject: Lymphoma/pathology
subject: Mice
subject: Mice, Inbred C57BL
subject: Neoplasm Metastasis
subject: Recombinant Proteins/pharmacology
subject: Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/pharmacology

description: The enhancement of tumor metastasis by concurrent inflammatory processes is mainly due to the cytokines TNF and IL-1. In the case of TNF this effect is not restricted to metastasis models as measured by in vivo colony formation but also found in experimental model systems of spontaneous metastasis. Direct effects on the tumor cells or interference with the host NK cell system did not seem to account for the observed TNF effect. Experimental evidence from different test systems rather points to TNF- or IL-1-induced enhanced adhesion of tumor cells to the endothelial cell layer as the underlying mechanism. Blocking of integrin-matrix interactions with monoclonal antibodies or competing peptides inhibited tumor cell adhesion to endothelioma cells in vitro and lung colony formation of tumor cells in vivo.
Additional file 1 of Examining evidence of time-dependent treatment effects: an illustration using regression methods
Creators: name: Jachno, Kim M.
name: Heritier, Stephane
name: Woods, Robyn L.
name: Mahady, Suzanne
name: Chan, Andrew
name: Tonkin, Andrew
name: Murray, Anne
name: McNeil, John J.
name: Wolfe, Rory
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Figures and Tables.
Discovering the ancient past of Turkmenistan: collaboration of Russian and Turkmen specialists
Creators: name: Nadezhda, Dubova
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Middle Asia, Turkmenistan, archaeology, Oriental studies, history of science

description: A brief description of the history of the study of the ancient past, especially the archeology of Turkmenistan, is given. The names of Russian and Turkmen scientists who have made a significant contribution to this process are listed and the outstanding monuments discovered and studied by them are briefly described.
The Effect of Sales Skills on Sales Performance: The Case of Habesha Construction Materials and Development (HCMD)
Creators: name: Samrawit Tesfagiyorgis
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018

description: The objectives of the present study were to understand the influence of sales skills dimensions

which are: interpersonal skills, salesmanship skills, technical skills and marketing skills on sales

performances of salespeople, in the case of Habesha Real Estate. This is an empirical study with

quantitative research design and particularly, utilizing correlation research methodology. Data

has been collected using self-report questionnaire and all sales agents within the organization

were included as respondents (n = 62, 95% response rate). The data has been analyzed using

SPSS software employing the descriptive statistics, Pearson’s correlation and hierarchical

regression statistical techniques.
Doppler tomography of AGN accretion disks with Athena
Creators: name: Nardini, Emanuele
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: Rapid variability of the fluorescent emission lines from the accretion disk appears to be ubiquitous in active galactic nuclei, and it has proven to be an invaluable tool to investigate the nature of the X-ray corona and of its coupling with the disk. Yet, a detailed analysis of such features, which range from quasi-periodic signals to transient emission at unusual energies, is currently possible only in a limited number of sources. I will discuss how the great advances in effective area and spectral resolution afforded by the X-ray Integral Field Unit onboard Athena can transform the intriguing but sparse results obtained so far into a brand new field of AGN research, allowing us to study at high spectral and temporal resolution the physical and dynamical properties of the innermost accretion flow around supermassive black holes.
Purification and molecular cloning of the APO-1 cell surface antigen, a member of the tumor necrosis factor/nerve growth factor receptor superfamily. Sequence identity with the Fas antigen
Creators: name: Oehm, A.
name: Behrmann, I.
name: Falk, Werner
name: Pawlita, M.
name: Maier, G.
name: Klas, C.
name: Li-Weber, M.
name: Richards, S.
name: Dhein, J.
name: Trauth, B. C.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1992
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin
subject: Amino Acid Sequence
subject: Antigens, CD95
subject: Antigens, Neoplasm/isolation & purification
subject: Antigens, Surface/genetics
subject: Base Sequence
subject: Blotting, Western
subject: Cell Death
subject: Cloning, Molecular
subject: Cross-Linking Reagents
subject: DNA/genetics
subject: Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel
subject: Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
subject: Humans
subject: Membrane Proteins/isolation & purification
subject: Molecular Sequence Data
subject: Multigene Family
subject: Nerve Growth Factors/metabolism
subject: Receptors, Cell Surface/genetics
subject: Receptors, Nerve Growth Factor
subject: Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor
subject: Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid
subject: Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/metabolism

description: The APO-1 antigen as defined by the mouse monoclonal antibody anti-APO-1 was previously found to be expressed on the cell surface of activated human T and B lymphocytes and a variety of malignant human lymphoid cell lines. Cross-linking of the APO-1 antigen by anti-APO-1 induced programmed cell death, apoptosis, of APO-1 positive cells. To characterize the APO-1 cell surface molecule and to better understand its role in induction of apoptosis, the APO-1 protein was purified to homogeneity from membranes of SKW6.4 B lymphoblastoid cells by solubilization with sodium deoxycholate, affinity chromatography with anti-APO-1 antibody, and reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography. Each purification step was followed by an APO-1-specific solid phase enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using the monoclonal antibody anti-APO-1. In sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, the APO-1 antigen was found to be a membrane glycoprotein of 48-kDa. Endoproteinase-cleaved peptides of the APO-1 protein were subjected to amino acid sequencing, and corresponding oligonucleotides were used to identify a full-length APO-1 cDNA clone from an SKW6.4 cDNA library. The deduced amino acid sequence of APO-1 showed sequence identity with the Fas antigen, a cysteine-rich transmembrane protein of 335 amino acids with significant similarity to the members of the tumor necrosis factor/nerve growth factor receptor superfamily. The APO-1 antigen was expressed upon transfection of APO-1 cDNA into BL60-P7 Burkitt's lymphoma cells and conferred sensitivity towards anti-APO-1-induced apoptosis to the transfectants.
Additional file 1 of Cough suppression and HRQoL in adult people with cystic fibrosis: an unexplored correlation
Creators: name: Niehammer, Ute
name: Steindor, Mathis
name: Straßburg, Svenja
name: Sutharsan, Sivagurunathan
name: Taube, Christian
name: Welsner, Matthias
name: Hirtz, Raphael
name: Stehling, Florian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Testing of the assumptions regarding the respective statistical procedure.
COLD HEAD MONITOR: Monitoraggio delle teste fredde
Creators: name: CABRAS, Alessandro
name: Caocci, Roberto
name: Garau, Salvatore
name: MAXIA, PAOLO
Publisher: name: O.A. Cagliari
Year: 2023

description: In un sistema di raffreddamento per ricevitori radioastronomici, la corretta manutenzione delle criopompe e dei compressori è fondamentale per il mantenimento delle prestazioni nel tempo. Lo scopo di questo progetto è quello di monitorare le correnti di alimentazione del motore della testa fredda: le parti meccaniche che lo compongono sono soggette ad usura e possono compromettere il funzionamento dell’intero sistema. Eventuali anomalie nelle correnti possono infatti permettere di prevedere in anticipo eventuali malfunzionamenti riducendo i tempi di inattività non programmati.
TeO$_2$ bolometers with Cherenkov signal tagging: towards next-generation neutrinoless double beta decay experiments
Creators: name: Casali, N.
name: Vignati, M.
name: Beeman, J. W.
name: Bellini, F.
name: Cardani, L.
name: Dafinei, I.
name: Di Domizio, S.
name: Ferroni, F.
name: Gironi, L.
name: Nagorny, S.
name: Orio, F.
name: Pattavina, L.
name: Pessina, G.
name: Piperno, G.
name: Pirro, S.
name: Rusconi, C.
name: Schäffner, K.
name: Tomei, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: CUORE, an array of 988 TeO$_2$ bolometers, is about to be one of the most sensitive experiments searching for neutrinoless double-beta decay. Its sensitivity could be further improved by removing the background from $α$ radioactivity. A few years ago it has been pointed out that the signal from $β$s can be tagged by detecting the emitted Cherenkov light, which is not produced by $α$s. In this paper we confirm this possibility. For the first time we measured the Cherenkov light emitted by a CUORE crystal, and found it to be 100 eV at the $Q$-value of the decay. To completely reject the $α$ background, we compute that one needs light detectors with baseline noise below 20 eV RMS, a value which is 3-4 times smaller than the average noise of the bolometric light detectors we are using. We point out that an improved light detector technology must be developed to obtain TeO$_2$ bolometric experiments able to probe the inverted hierarchy of neutrino masses.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures. Added referee corrections
Dr. Karl Mayer-Eymar (1826-1907), Custos der stratigraphisch-paläontologischen Sammlungen im eidgen. Polytechnikum, Professor der Paläontologie und Stratigraphie an der Universität Zürich
Creators: name: Heim, Albert
name: Rollier, Louis
Publisher: name: Zentralbibliothek Zürich
Year: 1907
Subjects: subject: 550 Geowissenschaften
subject: 920 Biografien, Genealogie, Insignien
subject: 930 Geschichte des Altertums bis ca. 499, Archäologie
subject: Nachruf
subject: Mayer-Eymar, Karl
subject: Marseille
subject: Zürich

description: Sonderdruck aus: Verhandlungen der schweizerischen naturforschenden Gesellschaft. 1907. Beilage "Nekrologe"
The constrained cosmological model in Lyra geometry
Creators: name: Singh, J. K.
name: Shaily
name: Ram, Shri
name: Santos, Joao R. L.
name: Fortunato, Jéferson A. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article, we study a flat homogeneous FLRW model in Lyra geometry which is described by a time-dependent displacement vector. We consider an appropriate parametrization of the energy density of scalar field $ ρ_ϕ$ in terms of the cosmic scale factor. The result shows two transitions from deceleration to acceleration. Furthermore, we constrain the model parameter $ α$ and the displacement field vector $ β$ using the recent supernovae data, Hubble data set of 77 points, and their joint data which predicts the accelerated expanding phase of the universe in late times. The effective equation of state parameter $ ω_{eff} $ speculate $ Λ$CDM in late times. Finally, we use the statefinder diagnostic to differentiate our model from the various dark energy models.
description: 14 pages, 14 figures
Endogenous interferon specifically regulates Newcastle disease virus-induced cytokine gene expression in mouse macrophages
Creators: name: Zawatzky, R.
name: Wurmbaeck, H.
name: Falk, Werner
name: Homfeld, A.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1991
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin
subject: 2',5'-Oligoadenylate Synthetase/biosynthesis
subject: Animals
subject: Blotting, Northern
subject: Cell Division
subject: Cell Line
subject: Cytokines/genetics
subject: Enzyme Induction
subject: Gene Expression
subject: Interferons/physiology
subject: Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor/pharmacology
subject: Macrophages/physiology
subject: Male
subject: Mice
subject: Mice, Inbred Strains
subject: Newcastle disease virus/immunology
subject: Vesicular stomatitis Indiana virus/genetics
subject: Virus Replication

description: In macrophages from inbred mice, the magnitude of the interferon (IFN) response to Newcastle disease virus (NDV) infection is under genetic control of the If-1 locus, which carries the allele for either high (h) or low (l) IFN production. Here, we report that the activity of genes within the If-1 locus is influenced by macrophage-derived endogenous IFN. In addition to various other biological effects, we observed that endogenous IFN specifically downregulated NDV-induced IFN and interleukin 6 production. Preculture of bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMM) from BALB/c (If-1l) mice in macrophage colony-stimulating factor plus anti-IFN-beta provoked a 30- to 50-fold increase in NDV-induced cytokine production compared with induced control cultures in macrophage colony-stimulating factor alone, whereas only a 4- to 6-fold increase was observed in anti-IFN-beta-treated BMM from C57BL/6 (If-1h) mice. This resulted in nearly complete abrogation of the genetically determined difference in the response to NDV. The increase was specific for NDV and was marked by strong additional activation of IFN-alpha genes. Studies using BMM from B6.C-H28c If-1l congenic mice gave results identical to those obtained with BALB/c BMM. Addition of 20 IU of recombinant IFN-alpha 4 to anti IFN-beta-treated macrophages from B6.C-H28c mice 20 h prior to NDV infection strongly downregulated the IFN-alpha, IFN-beta, and interleukin 6 responses. The genetic difference between macrophages from If-1h and If-1l mice was thus reestablished, since the same treatment caused only weak reduction of NDV-induced cytokine gene expression in BMM from C57BL/6 mice. These data suggest that the If-1h and If-1l alleles harbor IFN-inducible genes that, following activation, specifically suppress subsequent cytokine gene expression in response to NDV.
Equilibrium to nonequilibrium condensation in driven-dissipative semiconductor systems
Creators: name: Yamaguchi, Makoto
name: Ogawa, Tetsuo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Semiconductor microcavity systems strongly coupled to quantum wells are now receiving a great deal of attention because of their ability to efficiently generate coherent light by the Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) of an exciton-polariton gas. Since the exciton polaritons are composite quasi-bosonic particles, many fundamental features arise from their original constituents, i.e., electrons, holes and photons. As a result, not only equilibrium phases typified by the BEC but also nonequilibrium lasing phases can be achieved. In this contribution, we describe a framework which can treat such equilibrium and nonequilibrium phases in a unified way.
description: 19 pages, 7 figures; prepared for the Springer Lecture Notes in Physics "Quantum Computing, Quantum Communication and Quantum Metrology" edited by Yoshihisa Yamamoto and Kouichi Semba. Several typing errors are corrected
Additional file 1 of Anti-cholinergic drug burden in patients with dementia increases after hospital admission: a multicentre cross-sectional study
Creators: name: Hook, Annabelle
name: Randall, Jessica L.
name: Grubb, Carla M.
name: Ellis, Natalie
name: Wellington, Jack
name: Hemmad, Aayushi
name: Zerdelis, Agisilaos
name: Winnett, Andrew R. D.
name: Geers, Benjamin D. W.
name: Sykes, Bethany
name: Auty, Charlotte N.
name: Vinchenzo, Cecilia
name: Thorburn, Christiane E.
name: Asogbon, Daniella
name: Granger, Emily
name: Boagey, Heather
name: Raphael, Juliet
name: Patel, Kajal
name: Bhargava, Kartik
name: Dolley, Mary-Kate M.
name: Maden, Matthew J.
name: Shah, Mehdin M.
name: Lee, Qao M.
name: Vaidya, Ratnaraj
name: Sehdev, Simran
name: Barai, Sneha
name: Roche, Sophie
name: Khalid, Uzair
name: Codling, David A.
name: Harrison, Judith R.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Hematology
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Appendix A. SPARC collaborators. Appendix B. Table 1 - Details of the 17 hospital sites in the United Kingdom involved in the study. Appendix C. Data Collection Form (questions included on software Enketo [18]).
Exploring the Definition of the Traditional African Diet – A Scoping Review
Creators: name: Jizhao Niu
name: Ockendon-Powell, Nina
name: Papadaki, Angeliki
name: Alonge, Ann
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Nutrition
subject: Life Sciences
subject: Nutriton
subject: Africa
subject: Public Health
subject: Traditional Diets

description: Focusing on traditional diets is of high relevance to environmental discovery, because they reflect cultural, culinary and agricultural traditions and they are plant-based with few animal products. However, the definition of the traditional African diet has not been clearly identified. Therefore, it might be difficult to assess the potential role that the traditional African diet could have in promoting health and environmental sustainability. This scoping review explores the definition of the traditional African diet, including how it is defined in the literature, and what foods and food groups are characteristic of this diet.
Activation of the mouse IL-2 gene by okadaic acid: synergy with interleukin-1
Creators: name: Falk, Werner
name: Stricker, K.
name: Praast, G.
name: Tsukitani, Y.
name: Krammer, P. H.
name: Stoeck, M.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin
subject: Animals
subject: Drug Synergism
subject: Ethers, Cyclic/pharmacology
subject: Gene Expression Regulation/drug effects
subject: Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/drug effects
subject: Interleukin-1/pharmacology
subject: Interleukin-2/genetics
subject: Interleukin-6/genetics
subject: Mice
subject: Neoplasm Proteins/genetics
subject: Okadaic Acid
subject: Phosphoprotein Phosphatases/antagonists & inhibitors
subject: RNA, Messenger/genetics
subject: RNA, Neoplasm/genetics
subject: Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate/pharmacology
subject: Thymoma/pathology
subject: Thymus Neoplasms/pathology
subject: Tumor Cells, Cultured

description: Interleukin-1 (IL-1) has potent immunoregulatory and inflammatory functions. Its activity is mediated by an 80-kDa receptor on the cell surface and leads to activation of other genes. The underlying molecular events are largely unknown. We investigated the role of phosphatases in activation of the IL-2 gene in EL4 thymoma cells. We found that the protein phosphatase PP1 and PP2A inhibitor okadaic acid (OA) alone was able to significantly stimulate IL-2 production by the IL-1-responsive EL4 subline EL4 5D3 and also by the IL-1-nonresponsive EL4 subline EL4D6/76. In the IL-1-responsive cell line OA strongly synergized with phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) and IL-1. In the IL-1-nonresponsive cell line OA synergized with PMA but not with IL-1. Under suboptimal conditions of PMA/OA synergy an additional synergistic effect of IL-1 was shown. This was true for IL-2 and IL-6 production. Sphingomyelinase or sphingosine had no detectable effect. The kinetics of OA- and PMA-induced expression of IL-2 mRNA and IL-2 protein was different. PMA induced maximal expression between 6 and 12 h and was almost undetectable at 24 h. OA-induced expression was first obvious at 12 h and continued longer than 36 h. In both cases IL-1 caused no shift in kinetics, but potentiated the effects of the different tumor promoters. Utilizing IL-2 promoter-CAT constructs we showed in transfection experiments that the synergistic effect was also evident on the transcriptional level. We conclude from the data that phosphatases play an important role for IL-2 expression and that IL-1 can use additional pathways of activation that are different from events induced by PMA or OA.
Enhancement of experimental metastasis by tumor necrosis factor
Creators: name: Orosz, P.
name: Echtenacher, Bernd
name: Falk, Werner
name: Rüschoff, J.
name: Weber, D.
name: Männel, Daniela N.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin
subject: Animals
subject: Antibodies, Monoclonal
subject: Cell Division
subject: Endotoxins/administration & dosage
subject: Female
subject: Fibrosarcoma/pathology
subject: Humans
subject: Lung Neoplasms/secondary
subject: Mice
subject: Mice, Inbred C3H
subject: Mice, Inbred CBA
subject: Neoplasm Metastasis
subject: Recombinant Proteins/pharmacology
subject: Tumor Cells, Cultured
subject: Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/physiology

description: The influence of endogenous and exogenous tumor necrosis factor (TNF) on metastasis was investigated in an experimental fibrosarcoma metastasis model. A single intraperitoneal injection of recombinant human (rh) TNF or recombinant mouse (rm) TNF into mice 5 h before intravenous inoculation of methylcholanthrene-induced fibrosarcoma cells (CFS1) induced a significant enhancement of the number of metastases in the lung. Dose responses of rmTNF and rhTNF demonstrated a stronger metastasis-augmenting effect by rmTNF compared with rhTNF. This effect was time dependent, as administration of rmTNF 5 h before or 1 h but not 24 h after tumor cell inoculation caused an increase of tumor cell colony formation on the lung surface, suggesting an influence of TNF on the vascular adhesion and diapedesis of tumor cells. Since tumor-bearing mice showed an enhanced ability to produce TNF after endotoxin injection compared to control mice, tumor-bearing mice were treated with anti-mTNF antibodies. Neutralization of endogenous tumor-induced TNF led to a significant decrease of the number of pulmonary metastases. Histological analysis of micrometastases in the lung on day 5 by silver staining of proteins associated with nucleolar organizer regions revealed more metastatic foci and augmented proliferative activity of the tumor cells after rmTNF pretreatment of mice. However, no direct effect of rmTNF on the proliferation rate of tumor cells was seen in vitro. These findings suggest that low doses of endogenous TNF or administered TNF during cytokine therapy might enhance the metastatic potential of circulating tumor cells.
Generic criticality of community structure in random graphs
Creators: name: Lipowski, Adam
name: Lipowska, Dorota
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We examine a community structure in random graphs of size $n$ and link probability $p/n$ determined with the Newman greedy optimization of modularity. Calculations show that for $p<1$ communities are nearly identical with clusters. For $p=1$ the average sizes of a community $s_{av}$ and of the giant community $s_g$ show a power-law increase $s_{av}\sim n^{α'}$ and $s_g\sim n^α$. From numerical results we estimate $α'\approx 0.26(1)$, $α\approx 0.50(1)$, and using the probability distribution of sizes of communities we suggest that $α'=α/2$ should hold. For $p>1$ the community structure remains critical: (i) $s_{av}$ and $s_g$ have a power law increase with $α'\approxα<1$; (ii) the probability distribution of sizes of communities is very broad and nearly flat for all sizes up to $s_g$. For large $p$ the modularity $Q$ decays as $Q\sim p^{-0.55}$, which is intermediate between some previous estimations. To check the validity of the results, we also determined the community structure using another method, namely a non-greedy optimization of modularity. Tests with some benchmark networks show that the method outperforms the greedy version. For random graphs, however, the characteristics of the community structure determined using both greedy an non-greedy optimizations are, within small statistical fluctuations, the same.
description: 4 pages, non-greedy optimization added, Phys. Rev. E (accepted)
title: World History Connected, Vol. 18 No. 2: Summer 2021
title: Summer 2021
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: World History Connected
Publisher: name: World History Connected
Year: 2021

description: Timothy Brook, Great State: China and the World. New York: HarperCollins, 2020. Andrew B. Liu, Tea War: A History of Capitalism in India and China. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2020. Michael Christopher Low. Imperial Mecca: Ottoman Arabia and the Indian Ocean Hajj. New York: Columbia University Press, 2020. Janne Lahti and Rebecca Weaver-Hightower, Editors. Cinematic Settlers: The Settler Colonial World in Film. New York: Routledge, 2020. Sharika D. Crawford, The Last Turtlemen of the Caribbean: Waterscapes of Labor, Conservation, and Boundary Making. Chapel Hill: The University of North Carolina Press, 2020. Fast Food for Thought: Finding Global History in a Beijing McDonald’s Northern Italy and Venice in World History Perspective Special Feature: "Earth Day 2021: Reflecting on the Past, Looking to the Future" Digital Resources for Teaching the Environment, Sustainability, and Ecology in World History Sustaining Thermal Water in Early Modern Tuscany Following the Template of Heaven: Environmental Policies in Medieval Italy God, Satan, and Freshmen in the Southern Californian Desert Recharging the Sahara Desert for a Peace Dividend: No Longer Victor Levasseur’s 19th-Century Pipe Dream Ecological Imperialism in an Occupied Landscape: Tangantangan and the Tropical Forest Teaching Modern World History, Or: How We Learned to Stop Worrying and Embrace the Urgency of Climate Change The Case for Ecology and the Environment in World History Instruction Introduction to the Forum Brief Summary of the Issue
Stat5a promotes brown adipocyte differentiation and thermogenic program through binding and transactivating the Kdm6a promoter
Creators: name: Liu, Weihua
name: Ji, Yuqiang
name: Zhang, Beining
name: Chu, Haiping
name: Yin, Chunyan
name: Xiao, Yanfeng
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Previous studies reported that Stat5 promotes adipogenesis and white adipocyte differentiation. However, the role of Stat5 in brown adipocyte development is poorly understood. We found Stat5a was higher expressed in brown adipocytes than in white adipocytes, and its level was increased during the process of brown adipocyte differentiation. In addition, Stat5a expression was affected by cold stress and high-fat diet-feeding, suggesting a potential role in thermogenesis. Knockdown of Stat5a induced downregulation of brown fat specific genes (UCP1, PGC-1α, Acox-1 and Cidea), while overexpression of Stat5a did the opposite effect. What is more, bioinformatics analysis, ChIP assay and Luciferase activity assay all verified that Stat5a directly bind and transactivate Kdm6a promoter (Lysine-specific demethylase 6A). Further, we found that Stat5a overexpression promoted the expression of Kdm6a and inhibited the trimethylation of H3K27. While inhibiting of Kdm6a reversed the promoting effect of Stat5a overexpression on the expression of brown fat specific genes. Therefore, we conclude that Stat5a participated in brown adipocyte differentiation and thermogenic program through binding and transactivating the Kdm6a promoter. Abbreviations: Stat5: Signal transducers and activators of transcription 5; BAT: brown adipose tissue; WAT; white adipose tissue; eWAT: epididymal white adipose tissue; sWAT: subcutaneous white adipose tissue; SVFs: stromal vascular fractions; UCP1: Uncoupling protein 1; PGC-1α: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha; Acox-1: Peroxisomal acyl-coenzyme A oxidase 1; Cidea: Cell death activator CIDE-A; ChIP: Chromatin Immunoprecipitation; HFD: High fat diet; FBS: Fetal bovine serum; siStat5a: Stat5a siRNA; siKdm6: Kdm6a siRNA; pcDNA-Stat5a: over expression of Stat5a pcDNA3.1 vector; IgG: mouse immunoglobulin G; Kdm6a: Lysine-specific demethylase 6A; H3K27me3: trimethylated H3K27
On the Identification of Codependent VAR and VEC Models
Creators: name: Trenkler, Carsten
name: Weber, Enzo
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Codependence, identification, VAR, cointegration, serial correlation common features
subject: 330 Wirtschaft
subject: C32

description: In this paper we discuss identification of codependent VAR and VEC models. Codependence of order q is given if a linear combination of autocorrelated variables eliminates the serial correlation after q lags. Importantly, maximum likelihood estimation and corresponding likelihood ratio testing are only possible if the codependence restrictions can be uniquely imposed. However, our study reveals that codependent VAR and VEC models are not generally identified. Nevertheless, we show that one can guarantee identification in case of serial correlation common features, i.e. when q=0, and for a single vector generating codependence of order q=1.
Entropy dissipation estimates for the linear Boltzmann operator
Creators: name: Bisi, Marzia
name: Cañizo, José A.
name: Lods, Bertrand
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We prove a linear inequality between the entropy and entropy dissipation functionals for the linear Boltzmann operator (with a Maxwellian equilibrium background). This provides a positive answer to the analogue of Cercignani's conjecture for this linear collision operator. Our result covers the physically relevant case of hard-spheres interactions as well as Maxwellian kernels, both with and without a cut-off assumption. For Maxwellian kernels, the proof of the inequality is surprisingly simple and relies on a general estimate of the entropy of the gain operator due to Matthes and Toscani (2012) and Villani (1998). For more general kernels, the proof relies on a comparison principle. Finally, we also show that in the grazing collision limit our results allow to recover known logarithmic Sobolev inequalities.
Academic Ranking System of Yemeni Universities
Creators: name: Al-Slfi, Saddam
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Business
subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law
subject: Engineering
subject: Education
subject: ranking
subject: university
subject: higher education
subject: education

description: overview of the academic classification system project for Yemeni universities. The academic classification system is a framework that helps universities classify academic programs, courses, and degrees according to a standardized set of criteria. This system is important because it ensures that degrees awarded by different universities are comparable and recognized globally. It also helps students make informed decisions about their academic careers and provides a basis for quality assurance and accreditation. In Yemen, the Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research is responsible for overseeing the academic classification system for universities. The system is based on a four-tiered structure that includes the following levels: Diploma level: This level includes technical and vocational programs that typically take one to two years to complete. Bachelor's level: This level includes undergraduate programs that typically take four to five years to complete. Master's level: This level includes graduate programs typically that take two years to complete after the completion of a bachelor's degree. Doctoral level: This level includes advanced research programs typically that take three to four years to complete after the completion of a master's degree. The academic classification system also includes criteria for evaluating academic programs and courses, such as the quality of faculty, curriculum, facilities, and research output. Universities must meet these criteria in order to be accredited and recognized by the Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research. In addition, the academic classification system includes guidelines for the recognition of degrees awarded by foreign universities. Yemeni universities must evaluate the qualifications of foreign students and ensure that they meet the same standards as Yemeni students. Overall, the academic classification system is an important project for Yemeni universities as it helps to ensure that degrees awarded are comparable and recognized globally. It also provides a basis for quality assurance and accreditation, which is essential for maintaining the reputation and competitiveness of Yemeni universities in the global education market. https://qau.edu.ye/ Queen Arwa University
Tilting theory for trees via stable homotopy theory
Creators: name: Groth, Moritz
name: Šťovíček, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 55U35 (Primary) 16E35, 18E30, 55U40 (Secondary)

description: We show that variants of the classical reflection functors from quiver representation theory exist in any abstract stable homotopy theory, making them available for example over arbitrary ground rings, for quasi-coherent modules on schemes, in the differential-graded context, in stable homotopy theory as well as in the equivariant, motivic, and parametrized variant thereof. As an application of these equivalences we obtain abstract tilting results for trees valid in all these situations, hence generalizing a result of Happel. The main tools introduced for the construction of these reflection functors are homotopical epimorphisms of small categories and one-point extensions of small categories, both of which are inspired by similar concepts in homological algebra.
description: To appear in J. Pure Appl. Algebra, it is a sequel to arXiv:1401.6451 and continues the development of abstract tilting theory. Version 2: various improvements in the presentation. Version 3: a detailed explanation added (in Construction 9.13 and Lemma 9.15) for the key fact that both the branches of Figure 2 lead to the same category
Testing for Codependence of Non-Stationary Variables
Creators: name: Trenkler, Carsten
name: Weber, Enzo
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Serial correlation common features, codependence, cointegration, overnight interest rates, central banks
subject: 330 Wirtschaft
subject: C32
subject: E52

description: We analyze non-stationary time series that do not only trend together in the long run, but restore the equilibrium immediately in the period following a deviation. While this represents a common serial correlation feature, the framework is extended to codependence, allowing for delayed adjustment. We show which restrictions are implied for VECMs and lay out a likelihood ratio test. In addition, due to identification problems in codependent VECMs a GMM test approach is proposed. We apply the concept to US and European interest rate data, examining the capability of the Fed and ECB to control overnight money market rates.
Slave rotor approach to dynamically screened Coulomb interactions in solids
Creators: name: Krivenko, Igor S.
name: Biermann, Silke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent studies of dynamical screening of the electronic Coulomb interactions in solids have revived interest in lattice models of correlated fermions coupled to bosonic degrees of freedom (Hubbard-Holstein-type models). We propose a dynamical mean-field-based approach to dynamically screened Coulomb interactions. In the effective Anderson-Holstein model, a transformation to slave rotors [S. Florens and A. Georges, Phys. Rev. B 66, 165111 (2002)] is performed to decouple the dynamical part of the interaction. This transformation allows for a systematic derivation and analysis of recently introduced approximate schemes for the solution of dynamical impurity problems, in particular, the Bose factor ansatz within the dynamic atomic limit approximation (DALA) with and without Lang-Firsov correction. More importantly still, it suggests an optimized choice for a Bose factor in the sense of the variational principle of Feynman and Peierls. We demonstrate the accuracy of our scheme and present a comparison to calculations within the DALA.
description: 15 pages, 7 figures
Tumor-induced tumor necrosis factor production in macrophages
Creators: name: Männel, D. N.
name: Jänicke, R.
name: Westenfelder, U.
name: Echtenacher, B.
name: Kist, A.
name: Falk, Werner
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1990
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin
subject: Animals
subject: Biological Assay
subject: Blotting, Northern
subject: Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
subject: Fibrosarcoma/metabolism
subject: Immunoenzyme Techniques
subject: Interleukin-6/analysis
subject: Macrophages/metabolism
subject: Mice
subject: Mice, Inbred C3H
subject: Nucleic Acid Hybridization
subject: RNA, Messenger/genetics
subject: Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/biosynthesis

description: Tumor-associated tumor necrosis factor (TNF) production in patients as well as a TNF-inducing membrane constituent of tumor cells have been reported. In a murine fibrosarcoma model we analyzed TNF production during growth of a tumor transplant. In situ hybridization showed that a gradually increasing number of cells within the tumor tissue became positive for TNFmRNA. Also, in spleen cells of tumor-bearing mice TNFmRNA became more abundant in later stages of tumor growth compared to early stages. In plasma of these animals, however, TNF activity was not detected at any time even after stimulation with bacterial endotoxin. Neutralization with monoclonal antibodies of endogenous TNF during tumor growth did not affect the growth rate of the tumor, indicating that either the antibodies did not reach the relevant TNF production and action sites or that endogenously produced TNF did not play a significant role in this tumor model.
Additional file 6 of T-cells in human trigeminal ganglia express canonical tissue-resident memory T-cell markers
Creators: name: Unger, Peter-Paul A.
name: Oja, Anna E.
name: Khemai-Mehraban, Tamana
name: Ouwendijk, Werner J. D.
name: Hombrink, Pleun
name: Verjans, Georges M. G. M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 6: Table S1. Characteristics antibodies used in this study.
Additional file 7 of T-cells in human trigeminal ganglia express canonical tissue-resident memory T-cell markers
Creators: name: Unger, Peter-Paul A.
name: Oja, Anna E.
name: Khemai-Mehraban, Tamana
name: Ouwendijk, Werner J. D.
name: Hombrink, Pleun
name: Verjans, Georges M. G. M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 7: Table S2. Markers of human T-cell differentiation.