cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Higgs-Strahlung: Merging the NLO Drell-Yan and Loop-Induced 0+1 jet Multiplicities
Creators: name: Goncalves, Dorival
name: Krauss, Frank
name: Kuttimalai, Silvan
name: Maierhöfer, Philipp
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyse the production of a Higgs boson in association with a Z boson at hadron colliders in the Standard Model and some simple extensions. We show how multi-jet merging algorithms at leading and next-to-leading order for the loop-induced gluon fusion and the Drell-Yan like quark-induced processes, respectively, improve the descriptions for various differential distributions, in particular those that involve the production of additional jets. The phenomenological studies focus on two relevant channels of Higgs boson decays, namely $H\rightarrow invisible$ and $H\rightarrow b\bar{b}$. We find sizable and phenomenologically relevant corrections to the transverse momentum and invariant mass distributions for the Higgs boson candidate. Thanks to the large destructive interference for the top Yukawa terms, this process is very sensitive to the magnitude and sign of a possible non-standard top-Higgs coupling. We analyse the impact of this anomalous interaction on distributions and estimate constraints from LHC Run II.
description: 13 pages, 12 figures and 3 tables
Periapical Microsurgery: A 4-D Analysis of Healing Patterns
Creators: name: Crossen, Daniel
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: This study analyzed the volumetric healing pattern of the buccal plate after
      periapical microsurgery over time, with focus on the bucco-lingual thickness of bone
      and the regression of the surface contour of the cortical plate. Twelve surgical sites
      were analyzed in vivo at least one year following periapical. Volumetric healing was
      analyzed by converting pre-operative and post-operative CBCT images into digital 3-
      Dimensional models; then registering the models to be able to analyze the changes in
      volume over time. Analysis was completed using the software “GeoMagic,” which
      allowed for registration of the volumes, calculation of volume change, and a calculation
      of the margin of error. Results showed the reduction of bucco-lingual thickness and the
      regression of the cortical plate to be within the margin of error in all cases. It is
      therefore concluded that periapical microsurgery does not cause thinning of the
      alveolus.
Quasi-Symmetric Conjugacy for Circle Maps with a Flat Interval
Creators: name: Palmisano, Liviana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper we study quasi-symmetric conjugations of $C^2$ weakly order-preserving circle maps with a flat interval. Under the assumption that the maps have the same rotation number of bounded type and that bounded geometry holds we construct a quasi-symmetric conjugation between their non-wandering sets. Further, this conjugation is extended to a quasi-symmetric circle homeomorphism. Our proof techniques hinge on real-dynamic methods allowing us to construct the conjugation under general and natural assumptions.
A Reconfigurable Cryogenic Platform for the Classical Control of Scalable Quantum Computers
Creators: name: Homulle, Harald
name: Visser, Stefan
name: Patra, Bishnu
name: Ferrari, Giorgio
name: Prati, Enrico
name: Sebastiano, Fabio
name: Charbon, Edoardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent advances in solid-state qubit technology are paving the way to fault-tolerant quantum computing systems. However, qubit technology is limited by qubit coherence time and by the complexity of coupling the quantum system with a classical electronic infrastructure. We propose an infrastructure, enabling to read and control qubits, that is implemented on a field-programmable gate array (FPGA). The FPGA platform supports functionality required by several qubit technologies and can operate physically close to the qubits over a temperature range from 4K to 300K. Extensive characterization of the platform over this temperature range revealed all major components (such as LUTs, MMCM, PLL, BRAM, IDELAY2) operate correctly and the logic speed is very stable. The stability is finally concretized by operating an integrated ADC with relatively stable performance over temperature.
description: The extended article has been published in Review of Scientific Instruments. It is available online at https://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4979611, Review of Scientific Instruments (2017)
Assessing Microsite and Regeneration Niche Preferences When Introducing Endangered Species
Creators: name: Wendelberger, Kristie Susan
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Year: 2010

description: As pressures from development and climate change grow, land managers are turning to introductions/assisted migrations to prevent rare species extinctions. When introducing a species, it is important that propagules survive long enough to reproduce and recruits establish and reproduce themselves. If the target specie's specific microsite and regeneration requirements are unknown, one can use experimental introductions to learn demographic information while attempting to create a new population. Planting into three distinct microsites within its native habitat, I used the introduction of the endangered plant, Tephrosia angustissima var. corallicola, as an opportunity to answer microsite-specific questions while attempting to establish a new population. Results showed the highest transplant and recruit growth, flowering, and survival occurred in shady, dry microsites; recruits germinated in shadier locations than where adults were planted. Lessons learned from introduction successes and failures are essential to building the scientific base needed for rare species conservation and policy decisions.
3D modeling of GJ1214b's atmosphere: formation of inhomogeneous high clouds and observational implications
Creators: name: Charnay, Benjamin
name: Meadows, Victoria
name: Misra, Amit
name: Leconte, Jérémy
name: Arney, Giada
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The warm sub-Neptune GJ1214b has a featureless transit spectrum which may be due to the presence of high and thick clouds or haze. Here, we simulate the atmosphere of GJ1214b with a 3D General Circulation Model for cloudy hydrogen-dominated atmospheres, including cloud radiative effects. We show that the atmospheric circulation is strong enough to transport micrometric cloud particles to the upper atmosphere and generally leads to a minimum of cloud at the equator. By scattering stellar light, clouds increase the planetary albedo to 0.4-0.6 and cool the atmosphere below 1 mbar. However, the heating by ZnS clouds leads to the formation of a stratospheric thermal inversion above 10 mbar, with temperatures potentially high enough on the dayside to evaporate KCl clouds. We show that flat transit spectra consistent with HST observations are possible if cloud particle radii are around 0.5 micron, and that such clouds should be optically thin at wavelengths > 3 microns. Using simulated cloudy atmospheres that fit the observed spectra we generate transit, emission and reflection spectra and phase curves for GJ1214b. We show that a stratospheric thermal inversion would be readily accessible in near and mid-infrared atmospheric spectral windows. We find that the amplitude of the thermal phase curves is strongly dependent on metallicity, but only slightly impacted by clouds. Our results suggest that primary and secondary eclipses and phase curves observed by the James Webb Space Telescope in the near to mid-infrared should provide strong constraints on the nature of GJ1214b's atmosphere and clouds.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures. Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal Letters
Suitability Map for Robusta Coffee
Creators: name: Bato, Victorino
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Agriculture
subject: Geographic Information Sciences
subject: Life Sciences
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Geography
subject: coffee
subject: GIS
subject: philippines
subject: robusta
subject: suitability

description: Vector files for the suitability map of robusta coffee. An output of SARAI Project Phase 1. University of the Philippines, Los Banos.
X-ray fluorescence induced by standing waves in the grazing-incidence and grazing-exit modes: study of the Mg--Co--Zr system
Creators: name: Tu, Yuchun
name: Yuan, Yanyan
name: Guen, Karine Le
name: André, Jean-Michel
name: Zhu, Jingtao
name: Wang, Zhanshan
name: Bridou, Françoise
name: Giglia, Angelo
name: Jonnard, Philippe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the characterization of Mg-Co-Zr tri-layer stacks by using x-ray fluorescence induced by x-ray standing waves, both in the grazing incidence (GI) and grazing exit (GE) modes. The introduction of a slit in the direction of the detector improves the angular resolution by a factor 2 and significantly the sensitivity of the technique for the chemical characterization of the buried interfaces. By observing the intensity variations of the Mg Kalpha and Co Lalpha characteristic emissions as a function of the incident (GI mode) or detection (GE mode) angle, we show that the interfaces of the Si/[Mg/Co/Zr] x30 multilayer are abrupt, whereas in the Si/[Mg/Zr/Co] x30 multilayer a strong intermixing occurs at the Co-on-Zr interfaces. The explanation of this opposite behaviour of the Co-on-Zr and Zr-on-Co interfacesis given by the calculation of the mixing enthalpies of the Co-Mg, Co-Zr and Mg-Zr systems, which shows that the Co-Zr system presents anegative value and the two others positive values. Together with the difference of the surface free energies of Zr and Co, this leads us to consider the Mg/Zr/Co system as aMg/Co x Zr y bi-layer stack, with x/y estimated around 3.5.
description: Published in Journal of Synchrotron Radiation 22, 1419 (2015)http://scripts.iucr.org/cgi-bin/paper?S1600577515016239
Network Structure and Resilience of Mafia Syndicates
Creators: name: Agreste, Santa
name: Catanese, Salvatore
name: De Meo, Pasquale
name: Ferrara, Emilio
name: Fiumara, Giacomo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we present the results of the study of Sicilian Mafia organization by using Social Network Analysis. The study investigates the network structure of a Mafia organization, describing its evolution and highlighting its plasticity to interventions targeting membership and its resilience to disruption caused by police operations. We analyze two different datasets about Mafia gangs built by examining different digital trails and judicial documents spanning a period of ten years: the former dataset includes the phone contacts among suspected individuals, the latter is constituted by the relationships among individuals actively involved in various criminal offenses. Our report illustrates the limits of traditional investigation methods like tapping: criminals high up in the organization hierarchy do not occupy the most central positions in the criminal network, and oftentimes do not appear in the reconstructed criminal network at all. However, we also suggest possible strategies of intervention, as we show that although criminal networks (i.e., the network encoding mobsters and crime relationships) are extremely resilient to different kind of attacks, contact networks (i.e., the network reporting suspects and reciprocated phone calls) are much more vulnerable and their analysis can yield extremely valuable insights.
description: 22 pages, 10 figures, 1 table
Gordonoryssomus mirnae Almeida & Santos, 2014, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Almeida, Lúcia M.
name: Santos, Paula B.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Coccinellidae
Gordonoryssomus
Gordonoryssomus mirnae

description: Gordonoryssomus mirnae sp. nov.
(Fig. 14)
Description of holotype (male). Length 5.64, width 3.82 mm. Form elongate oval, widest at middle of elytra, not flattened dorsoventrally (Fig. 14C). General color reddish yellow (Fig. 14A, B). Outline of pronotum and elytron discontinuous. Pronotum and elytra without spots. Pronotum translucent at apex; finely, densely punctured; pubescence of semidecumbent yellowish hairs (Fig. 14D). Elytral punctures intermixed coarse and fine, dense, slightly larger than on pronotum; sparse in the discal area. Antenna, mouthparts, hypomera, epipleura, and legs reddish yellow. Metaventrite finely, sparsely punctured medially and anteriorly; coarsely, densely punctured laterally and posteriorly with punctures large, often confluent. Abdominal ventrites finely punctured, punctures separated by about a diameter or more, punctures becoming thicker laterally. First abdominal ventrite with postcoxal line slightly angulate, extending beyond middle of first ventrite (Fig. 14E). Genitalia simple; basal lobe longer than paramere, lateral margin thickened and abruptly widened in apical half, apex rounded; paramere slightly curved in lateral view, nearly parallel-sided (Fig. 14G, H); sipho curved and apex acuminate (Fig. 14F).
Female. Similar to male in all aspects externally. Genitalia with genital plates triangular, not elongate, styli with setae; spermatheca elongate, uniform (Fig. 14I).
Etymology. This species is named in honor of a great lepidopterist, Dr. Mirna Martins Casagrande.
Discussion. G. m i r n a e differs from the other species of the genus because it is the only species with uniform color pattern reddish yellow.
Type material. “ PERU, M. de Dios, Par-/que Manu, Pakitza 340m / 11º 55¨48’S 71º15¨18’W/ 27Sep1991 / Leg. M. Casagrande ” “ ♂ ” [white label]. “ HOLOTYPE / Gordonoryssomus / mirnae /Almeida & Santos, 2014” [red label]. 1 ex. “DZUP/188196” [DZUP]; “Chuani, Dept./ La Paz / Bolívia / May,1925,/ G. L. Harrington ” “ ♀ ” [white label]. “ PARATYPE / Gordonoryssomus / mirnae /Almeida & Santos, 2014” [yellow label]. 1 ex. [USNM].
Geographical distribution. Peru and Bolivia (Fig. 17).
description: Published as part of Almeida, Lúcia M. & Santos, Paula B., 2014, Synopsis of Oryssomini Gordon (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) from the Neotropical region with new species of Oryssomus Mulsant, Pseudoryssomus Gordon and Gordonoryssomus Almeida & Lima, pp. 42-68 in Zootaxa 3846 (1) on pages 62-64, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3846.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/250860
Beta-endorphin in hair of patients who habitually engage in NSSI
Creators: name: Störkel, Lisa
name: Niedtfeld, Inga
name: Hepp, Johanna
name: Sprenger, Jeanne-Carla
name: Karabatsiakis, Alexander
name: Schmahl, Christian
name: Wycoff, Andrea
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mental Disorders
subject: Psychiatry and Psychology
subject: Psychiatric and Mental Health
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Mental and Social Health
subject: Non-suicidal self-injury

description: In this study, we aim to investigate the amount of beta-endorphin incorporated into the hair of individuals regularly engaging in NSSI, as compared to a group of healthy control individuals.
In vivo Assessment of Bone Healing Following Piezotome® Ultrasonic Instrumentation
Creators: name: Reside, Jonathan Michael
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Year: 2012

description: The first part of this thesis details a randomized controlled study in which osteotomies were prepared in the tibia of 15 rats using either 1st or 2nd Generation Piezotome® ultrasonic surgical units, or high speed rotary instrumentation. Sham surgeries were performed as controls. Real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction was completed, highlighting differential gene expression patterns at 1 week post-surgery while immunohistochemistry staining for matrix metalloproteinase 2, matrix metalloproteinase 8, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha; compared the localization of gene expression at 1 and 3 weeks post-surgery. The second part details a second randomized control study in which osteotomies were prepared in the tibia of 9 rats using the same instrumentation methods. Three weeks post-surgery, micro-computer tomography was completed to evaluate bone mineral density and percentage of bone fill within the osteotomy defects and peripheral bone. Qualitative histological characterization of the tissues was also completed at 3 weeks.
From Coupled Rashba Electron and Hole Gas Layers to 3D Topological Insulators
Creators: name: Trifunovic, Luka
name: Loss, Daniel
name: Klinovaja, Jelena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a system of stacked two-dimensional electron and hole gas layers with Rashba spin orbit interaction and show that the tunnel coupling between the layers induces a strong three- dimensional (3D) topological insulator phase. At each of the two-dimensional bulk boundaries we find the spectrum consisting of a single anistropic Dirac cone, which we show by analytical and numerical calculations. Our setup has a unit-cell consisting of four tunnel coupled Rashba layers and presents a synthetic strong 3D topological insulator and is distinguished by its rather high experimental feasibility.
description: 4+ pages, 6 figures
When specialists compete: increased competition as a cost of resource polymorphism
Creators: name: Paull, Jeffrey Scott
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Resource polymorphisms--the occurrence within a single population of alternative morphs showing differential resource use--are spectacular examples of diversity within species. Here, we empirically evaluate a potential constraint to resource polymorphism in spadefoot toad tadpoles. We characterize the dietary differences between alternative carnivore and omnivore morphs and assess the potential ecological consequence of any such differences. We found that, as a group, the ancestral omnivore morph is a trophic generalist, whereas the derived carnivore morph is a trophic specialist. Furthermore, we show that these specialist carnivores experience greater intramorph competition for their distinctive resources than do the generalist omnivores. In contrast to the situation in omnivores, functional limitations associated with the evolution of trophic specialization may preclude carnivores from switching to alternative resources when the resource for which they are adapted is depleted. Generally, such costs of resource specialization may often constrain the evolution of resource polymorphism.
An Examination of the Potential for Expansion of Outsourced Marketing into NCAA Division I-AA
Creators: name: Graves, Kristian M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: The purpose of this study was to examine the potential for expansion of outsourced marketing into NCAA Division I-AA. Forty-three Division I-AA marketing directors or athletic directors participated for a response rate of 37.1%. Collected data indicated a significant difference between current corporate sponsorship revenue and guaranteed income required to outsource. The greatest inhibiting factor to increasing corporate sponsorship revenue at Division I-AA was a lack of staff. According to respondents available inventory to sell was large and diverse. There was not a significant correlation between number of inventory items and either current corporate sponsorship revenue or guaranteed income required to outsource. Corporate sponsorship as a percentage of total revenue was found to be significantly greater at Division I-A than Division I-AA. The main concern with outsourcing was a lack of institutional control. Despite this concern, responses overall indicated a potential for expanding outsourced marketing in NCAA Division I-AA.
PoPe (Projection on Proper elements) for code control: verification, numerical convergence and reduced models. Application to plasma turbulence simulations
Creators: name: Cartier-Michaud, T
name: Ghendrih, P
name: Sarazin, Y
name: Abiteboul, J
name: Bufferand, H
name: Dif-Pradalier, G
name: Garbet, X
name: Grandgirard, V
name: Latu, G
name: Norscini, C
name: Passeron, C
name: Tamain, P
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Projection on Proper elements (PoPe) is a novel method of code control dedicated to 1) checking the correct implementation of models, 2) determining the convergence of numerical methods and 3) characterizing the residual errors of any given solution at very low cost. The basic idea is to establish a bijection between a simulation and a set of equations that generate it. Recovering equations is direct and relies on a statistical measure of the weight of the various operators. This method can be used in any dimensions and any regime, including chaotic ones. This method also provides a procedure to design reduced models and quantify the ratio costs to benefits. PoPe is applied to a kinetic and a fluid code of plasma turbulence.
Survey on National Contributions to EOSC 2021
Creators: name: Beckmann, Volker
name: Abrahamsson, Sofia
name: Neidenmark, Thomas
name: Siemen, Stephan
name: O'Neill, Gareth
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: EOSC
Open Science
EOSC Observatory
EOSC Steering Board
National Contributions to EOSC

description: This is the pilot survey on National Contributions to EOSC 2021 for the EOSC Steering Board The survey consists of questions for the monitoring of policies and practices for EOSC and Open Science by Member States and Associated Countries in Europe and also includes recommendations on calculating national contributions to EOSC The survey was developed by the EOSC Steering Board and EOSC Future project and was published in the EOSC Observatory whereby the data collection ran from December 2021 until August 2022 The results of the survey are available in the online dashboard of the EOSC Observatory: [https://eoscobservatory.eosc-portal.eu]
Petitions in the Epigraphic Record: Development of the Legal Order outside of the Imperial Hierarchy
Creators: name: Kallmes, Kevin
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: The Roman imperial bureaucracy in the 2nd and 3rd centuries had expanded to include direct provincial administration, which led to disputes between imperial representatives and provincial subjects. To resolve these disputes, subjects turned to the burgeoning petition and response system of the Roman emperors, but the petitioners themselves lacked the legal education to effectively utilize precedent or rhetorical formulas. Despite this, fifteen petitions found in inscriptions from the 2nd and 3rd century AD in Latin and Greek from disparate regions contained the same structure and persuasive formulas. Based on these cross-empire similarities, I argue that these methods of presentation were maintained by legal counsels, whose services represented an organic growth of systematic aid based on the unmet needs of petitioners. Then, as a part of Diocletian’s reform, the content of petitions was used as a source of legal precedent and to identify issues in the provincial bureaucracy that needed resolution.
MoEDAL: Seeking magnetic monopoles and more at the LHC
Creators: name: Mitsou, Vasiliki A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The MoEDAL experiment (Monopole and Exotics Detector at the LHC) is designed to directly search for magnetic monopoles and other highly ionising stable or metastable particles arising in various theoretical scenarios beyond the Standard Model. Its physics goals --largely complementary to the multi-purpose LHC detectors ATLAS and CMS-- are accomplished by the deployment of plastic nuclear track detectors combined with trapping volumes for capturing charged highly ionising particles and TimePix pixel devices for monitoring. This paper focuses on the status of the detectors and the prospects for LHC Run II.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures; Talk at 2015 European Physical Society Conference on High Energy Physics (EPS-HEP 2015), 22-29 July 2015, Vienna, Austria; partly based on arXiv:1411.7651
Interplay between Spin-Orbit Coupling and Strong Correlation Effects: Comparison of Three Osmate Double Perovskites: Ba$_{2}A$OsO$_{6}$ ($A=$Na, Ca, Y)
Creators: name: Gangopadhyay, Shruba
name: Pickett, Warren E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High formal valence Os-based double perovskites are a focus of current interest because they display strong interplay of large spin orbit coupling and strong electronic correlation. Here we present the electronic and magnetic characteristics of a sequence of three cubic Os based double perovskites Ba$_{2}$$A$OsO$_{6}$, ($A=$Na, Ca, Y), with formal valences (charge states) of Os$^{+7}~(d^{1})$, Os$^{+6}(d^{2})$, Os$^{+5}(d^{3})$. For these first principles based calculations we apply an ``exact exchange for correlated electrons'' functional, with exact exchange applied in a hybrid fashion solely to the Os($5d$) states. While Ba$_{2}$NaOsO$_{6}$ is a ferromagnetic Dirac-Mott insulator studied previously, the other two show antiferromagnetic ordering while all retain the cubic (undistorted) structure. For comparison purposes we have investigated only the ferromagnetic ordered phase. A metal-insulator transition is predicted to occur upon rotating the direction of magnetization in all three materials, reflecting the central role of spin orbit coupling in these small gap osmates. Surprises arising from comparing formal charge states with the radial charge densities are discussed. Chemical shielding factors and orbital susceptibilities are provided for comparison with future nuclear magnetic resonance data.
Index statistical properties of sparse random graphs
Creators: name: Metz, Fernando L.
name: Stariolo, Daniel A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the replica method, we develop an analytical approach to compute the characteristic function for the probability $\mathcal{P}_N(K,λ)$ that a large $N \times N$ adjacency matrix of sparse random graphs has $K$ eigenvalues below a threshold $λ$. The method allows to determine, in principle, all moments of $\mathcal{P}_N(K,λ)$, from which the typical sample to sample fluctuations can be fully characterized. For random graph models with localized eigenvectors, we show that the index variance scales linearly with $N \gg 1$ for $|λ| > 0$, with a model-dependent prefactor that can be exactly calculated. Explicit results are discussed for Erdös-Rényi and regular random graphs, both exhibiting a prefactor with a non-monotonic behavior as a function of $λ$. These results contrast with rotationally invariant random matrices, where the index variance scales only as $\ln N$, with an universal prefactor that is independent of $λ$. Numerical diagonalization results confirm the exactness of our approach and, in addition, strongly support the Gaussian nature of the index fluctuations.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
The Center of Light: Spectroastrometric Detection of Exomoons
Creators: name: Agol, Eric
name: Jansen, Tiffany
name: Lacy, Brianna
name: Robinson, Tyler
name: Meadows, Victoria
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Direct imaging of extrasolar planets with future space-based coronagraphic telescopes may provide a means of detecting companion moons at wavelengths where the moon outshines the planet. We propose a detection strategy based on the positional variation of the center of light with wavelength, "spectroastrometry." This new application of this technique could be used to detect an exomoon, to determine the exomoon's orbit and the mass of the host exoplanet, and to disentangle of the spectra of the planet and moon. We consider two model systems, for which we discuss the requirements for detection of exomoons around nearby stars. We simulate the characterization of an Earth-Moon analog system with spectroastrometry, showing that the orbit, the planet mass, and the spectra of both bodies can be recovered. To enable the detection and characterization of exomoons we recommend that coronagraphic telescopes should extend in wavelength coverage to 3 micron, and should be designed with spectroastrometric requirements in mind.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ
Real-time multi-image vignetting and exposure correction for image stitching
Creators: name: Kinzig, Christian
name: Guanzhi, Feng
name: Granero, Miguel
name: Stiller, Christoph
Publisher: name: KIT Scientific Publishing
Year: 2022
Subjects: Autonomous driving
panorama
image stitching
vignetting
exposure
illumination

description: Seamless image stitching depends not only on the accurate alignments of camera images, but also on the compensation of illumination inconsistencies. Even if two images are aligned perfectly, the seam is still visible if the images have a distinct vignetting or different exposure. Image stitching is used to expand the field of view, but a visible seam can lead to significant errors in subsequent visual perception tasks. As a result, we present a straightforward and accurate method for vignetting and exposure correction for stitched images. Firstly, we estimate the camera response function that maps irradiance to intensity. Then, the vignetting model is determined, which is applied to the irradiance images. After that, the exposure of the stitched images is corrected with the irradiance values at the seam. Finally, the irradiance is converted back into intensity using the camera response function. Our approach is evaluated using data recorded by our experimental vehicle and the public nuScenes dataset. Thereby, we test the performance of our method using the IoU of the histograms as well as the mean absolute error of the intensity values in the overlapping image regions. Further more, we demonstrate the real-time capability of our approach.
The Oral Environment Factors Affecting the Corrosion of Dental Implants
Creators: name: Alhamad, Mostafa
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2023

description: One of the main challenges facing dental implant success is peri-implantitis, the inflammation of gingival tissues around a dental implant with progressive bone lose. Recent evidence indicates that titanium (Ti) corrosion products and undetected-residual cement are potential risk factors for peri-implantitis. The literature on the impact of various types of dental cement on Ti corrosion is very limited. Growing evidence indicates that titanium (Ti) corrosion products are one of the potential risk factors for peri-implantitis. The literature on the impact of various oral factors on Ti corrosion is minimal. Thus, this research project aimed to evaluate the effect of Ti products, inflammatory factors, types of dental cement, and the effect of challenged host cells on Ti corrosion processes. In the present project, the experiments involved subjecting Ti surfaces to different environments, including increased Ti ion and particle concentration in artificial saliva, adding inflammatory products to artificial saliva, and subjecting the Ti surface to three different dental cement types. The Ti surfaces were also subjected to a simulated environment, where gingival fibroblasts and macrophages were challenged with Ti ions and particles. The samples were subjected to corrosion sequence following the American Society for Materials and Testing guidelines 61 (ASTM). The corrosion sequence entailed electrochemical tests such as open circuit potential, potentiostatic polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and cyclic polarization. The results revealed that the increased concentration of Ti ions in artificial saliva is directly proportional to the corrosion rate. The addition of inflammatory products to artificial saliva increased the corrosion kinetics. Certain types of dental cement increased corrosion rates. Finally, the challenged fibroblasts and macrophages led to increased corrosion rates and kinetics. Such severe environments that accelerate Ti corrosion may contribute to the pathogenesis of peri-implantitis.
Entanglement of Free Fermions and Bosons at Finite Temperature
Creators: name: Drut, Joaquín E.
name: Porter, William J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We generalize techniques previously used to compute ground-state properties of one-dimensional noninteracting quantum gases to obtain exact results at finite temperature. We compute the order-n Rényi entanglement entropy to all orders in the fugacity in one, two, and three spatial dimensions. In all spatial dimensions, we provide closed-form expressions for its virial expansion up to next-to-leading order. In all of our results, we find explicit volume scaling in the high-temperature limit.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
Paper waves in the wind
Creators: name: Jia, Pan
name: Andreotti, Bruno
name: Claudin, Philippe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A flexible sheet clamped at both ends and submitted to a permanent wind is unstable and propagates waves. Here, we experimentally study the selection of frequency and wavenumber as a function of the wind velocity. These quantities obey simple scaling laws, which are analytically derived from a linear stability analysis of the problem, and which also involve a gravity-induced velocity scale. This approach allows us to collapse data obtained with sheets whose flexible rigidity is varied by two orders of magnitude. This principle may be applied in the future for energy harvesting.
description: 20 pages, 7 figures
Hydrogen peroxide in eutrophic Lake Taihu, China: Addition effects on phytoplankton and diel variability in natural concentrations
Creators: name: Pflaumer, Amy
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Hydrogen peroxide (HOOH) has demonstrated potential for algicidal use due to selective suppression of cyanobacteria relative to other phytoplankton. Bioassays were used to assess the effects of HOOH on Lake Taihu phytoplankton community and toxin concentrations. The relative contribution of cyanobacteria to phytoplankton biomass was reduced by >50% at 40-60 µM HOOH. Toxin concentrations did not increase above untreated controls at doses >20 µM. Although algicidal use of HOOH is not feasible in large lakes (e.g. Taihu), these results provide further evidence for selective suppression, possibly in smaller lakes. In addition to selective effects, HOOH is an ideal algicide because it is produced abiotically and biotically in lakes and decays into water and oxygen. During a diel study in Taihu, surface HOOH concentrations ranged from 17 ± 6 nM to 168 ± 8 nM and demonstrated diel cycling. Concentrations may be relatively low due to heightened biological decay during blooms.
The Distances to Open Clusters from Main-Sequence Fitting. V. Extension of Color Calibration and Test using Cool and Metal-Rich Stars in NGC 6791
Creators: name: An, Deokkeun
name: Terndrup, Donald M.
name: Pinsonneault, Marc H.
name: Lee, Jae-Woo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extend our effort to calibrate stellar isochrones in the Johnson-Cousins ($BVI_C$) and the 2MASS ($JHK_s$) filter systems based on observations of well-studied open clusters. Using cool main-sequence (MS) stars in Praesepe, we define empirical corrections to the Lejeune et al. color-effective temperature ($T_{\rm eff}$) relations down to $T_{\rm eff} \sim 3600$ K, complementing our previous work based on the Hyades and the Pleiades. We apply empirically corrected isochrones to existing optical and near-infrared photometry of cool ($T_{\rm eff} \leq 5500$ K) and metal-rich ([Fe/H]$=+0.37$) MS stars in NGC 6791. The current methodology relies on an assumption that color-$T_{\rm eff}$ corrections are independent of metallicity, but we find that estimates of color-excess and distance from color-magnitude diagrams with different color indices converge on each other at the precisely known metallicity of the cluster. Along with a satisfactory agreement with eclipsing binary data in the cluster, we view the improved internal consistency as a validation of our calibrated isochrones at super-solar metallicities. For very cool stars ($T_{\rm eff} \leq 4800$ K), however, we find that $B - V$ colors of our models are systematically redder than the cluster photometry by $\sim0.02$ mag. We use color-$T_{\rm eff}$ transformations from the infrared flux method (IRFM) and alternative photometry to examine a potential color-scale error in the input cluster photometry. After excluding $B - V$ photometry of these cool MS stars, we derive $E(B - V)=0.105\pm0.014$, [M/H]$=+0.42\pm0.07$, $(m - M)_0 = 13.04\pm0.08$, and the age of $9.5\pm0.3$ Gyr for NGC 6791.
description: 24 pages, 20 figures. Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
Quality-aware Analysis and Optimisation of Virtual Network Functions
Creators: name: Munoz, Daniel-Jesus
name: Pinto, Monica
name: Fuentes, Lidia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: virtual network function
quality attribute
variability
numerical feature
reasoning
optimization

description: To watch it in Youtube: https://youtu.be/RGwIVCgANcU This is the live presentation of a conference paper. Please, access and cite the published version: https://doi.org/10.1145/3546932.3547007 The softwarisation and virtualisation of network functionality is the last milestone in the networking industry. Software-Defined Networks (SDN) and Network Function Virtualization (NFV) offer the possibility of using software to manage computer and mobile networks and build novel Virtual Network Functions (VNFs) deployed in heterogeneous devices. To reason about the variability of network functions and especially about the quality of a software product defined as a set of VNFs instantiated as part of a service (i.e., Service Function Chaining), a variability model along with a quality model is required. However, this domain imposes certain challenges to quality-aware reasoning of service function chains, such as numerical features or configuration-level Quality Attributes (QAs) (e.g., energy consumption). Incorporating numerical reasoning with quality data into SPL analyses is challenging and tool support is rare. In this work, we present 3 groups of operations: model report, aggregate functions to dynamically convert QAs at the feature-level into the configuration-level, and quality-aware optimisation. Our objective is to test the most complete reasoning tools to exploit the extended variability with quality attributes needed for VNFs.
description: This work is supported by the European Union's H2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement DAEMON 101017109, by the projects co-financed by FEDER funds LEIA UMA18-FEDERJA-15, MEDEA RTI2018-099213-B-I00 and Rhea P18-FR-1081 and the PRE2019-087496 grant from the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación.
Protecting Place: Rural African American Cultural Memory, Folklife and Conservation Discourse in Central North Carolina
Creators: name: Kruger, Steven
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Year: 2011

description: Sense of place is valued and utilized as a discursive, rhetorical tool within the sustainable development movement, forming the basis for conservation strategies. But there is a disconnect between the discourse of place that occurs within the conservation/sustainability movement, the resulting public policy, and the sense of place that exists in communities facing environmental and economic issues. In this paper, activists from three rural African American communities in central North Carolina describe the sense of place they experience in their communities. The paper addresses the criticism that place is a depoliticized, romanticized concept, demonstrating that within these communities, sense of place is critically evaluated and constructed, particularly to maintain access to land and address political, economic and social issues. By examining place-based conservation strategies and their reception within these communities, this paper will argue for a partnership-based collaborative approach based on local political, historic and economic conditions.
How does country of origin and ethical information impact consumer perception and purchase intention of different foods?
Creators: name: Armstrong, Beth
name: Reynolds, Christian
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Human Geography
subject: FOS: Social and economic geography
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Geography
subject: Food Studies

description: The current research explores how consumer perceptions of food safety, animal welfare, deliciousness, purchase intention, energy density, carbon footprint of three foods (chicken, pasta, apples) are influenced by information about the country of origin and ethical status (UK, EU, China, USA, Fairtrade, Organic). Data were collected (n=701, UK) using an online survey from the 25th to 30th March, following the UK lockdown (23/03/2020). Survey: "Very_Short_-_Food_origins_and_certification.docx" Docx format survey from Qualtrics. 460KB. File includes all questions and images. Data: OSF_ - "Food origins and certification_.sav" Data export from SPSS. 486KB. Variable name/code in file: Participant number - randomly assigned number. Food - type of food being rated (1=Apple, 2=Chicken, 3=Pasta) Flags_autocode - Country of origin or ethics status logo (1=China, 2=Control, 3=EU, 4=Fairtrade, 5=Organic, 6=UK, 7=USA) Flags_recode - Country of origin or ethics status logo, code updated for ease of analysis (1=Control, 2=China, 3=EU, 4=Fairtrade, 5=Organic, 6=UK, 7=USA) Kcal - participant estimate of energy density Range_Kcal - classification of participant estimate of energy density in +/-10% of validated value (1=Below, 2=In range, 3=Above) Co2 - participant estimate of carbon footprint Range_CO2 - classification of participant estimate of carbon footprint in +/-10% of validated value (1=Below, 2=In range, 3=Above) Deliciousness - participant perception of deliciousness Purchase - participant estimate of purchase intention Safety - participant perception of food safety/risk Welfare - participant perception of animal welfare Age - participant age (years) Gender - participant gender (1=male, 2=female, 3=other, 4=prefer not to say) Diet_condensed
Chebyshev and Conjugate Gradient Filters for Graph Image Denoising
Creators: name: Tian, Dong
name: Mansour, Hassan
name: Knyazev, Andrew
name: Vetro, Anthony
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In 3D image/video acquisition, different views are often captured with varying noise levels across the views. In this paper, we propose a graph-based image enhancement technique that uses a higher quality view to enhance a degraded view. A depth map is utilized as auxiliary information to match the perspectives of the two views. Our method performs graph-based filtering of the noisy image by directly computing a projection of the image to be filtered onto a lower dimensional Krylov subspace of the graph Laplacian. We discuss two graph spectral denoising methods: first using Chebyshev polynomials, and second using iterations of the conjugate gradient algorithm. Our framework generalizes previously known polynomial graph filters, and we demonstrate through numerical simulations that our proposed technique produces subjectively cleaner images with about 1-3 dB improvement in PSNR over existing polynomial graph filters.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures, accepted to 2014 IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo Workshops (ICMEW)
Blurred Lines: When Immigrants Conflate News Stories and Propaganda
Creators: name: MIDaS Lab
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 470105
subject: Journalism studies
classificationCode: 470107
subject: Media studies
classificationCode: 441013
subject: Sociology of migration, ethnicity and multiculturalism

description: How clear is the distinction between legitimate news content and propaganda in the minds of audiences? This report discusses the findings of the Media Information Data and Society (MIDaS) Lab’s in-depth interviews with Asian immigrants during which we hear their perspectives of American news media
Anisorhizobius Hofmann 1970
Creators: name: Almeida, Lúcia M.
name: Santos, Paula B.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Coccinellidae
Anisorhizobius

description: Anisorhizobius Hofmann, 1970
Anisorhizobius Hofmann, 1970: 218 (description, morphological details and male genitalia figured).
Type species. Coccinella funebris Philippi & Philippi, 1864.
Diagnosis. Oryssomini with 10 antennomeres; eyes with few very large facets; postcoxal line complete, almost reaching the posterior edge of the first abdominal ventrite. For more details see Hofmann (1970).
description: Published as part of Almeida, Lúcia M. & Santos, Paula B., 2014, Synopsis of Oryssomini Gordon (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) from the Neotropical region with new species of Oryssomus Mulsant, Pseudoryssomus Gordon and Gordonoryssomus Almeida & Lima, pp. 42-68 in Zootaxa 3846 (1) on page 65, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3846.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/250860