cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The covariant, time-dependent Aharonov-Bohm Effect
Creators: name: Singleton, Douglas
name: Vagenas, Elias C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss two possible covariant generalizations of the Aharonov-Bohm effect - one expression in terms of the space-time line integral of the four-vector potential and the other expression in terms of the space-time "area" integral of the electric and magnetic fields written in terms of the Faraday 2-form. These expressions allow one to calculate the Aharonov-Bohm effect for time-dependent situations. In particular, we use these expressions to study the case of an infinite solenoid with a time varying flux and find that the phase shift is zero due to a cancellation of the Aharonov-Bohm phase shift with a phase shift coming from the Lorentz force associated with the electric field, ${\bf E} = - \partial_t {\bf A}$, outside the solenoid. This result may already have been confirmed experimentally.
description: 11 pages, no figures, journal version, three added references
Multidimensional quantum information based on single-photon temporal wavepackets
Creators: name: Hayat, Alex
name: Xing, Xingxing
name: Feizpour, Amir
name: Steinberg, Aephraim M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a multidimensional quantum information encoding approach based on temporal modulation of single photons, where the Hilbert space can be spanned by an in-principle infinite set of orthonormal temporal profiles. We analyze two specific realizations of such modulation schemes, and show that error rate per symbol can be smaller than 1% for practical implementations. Temporal modulation may enable multidimensional quantum communication over the existing fiber optical infrastructure, as well as provide an avenue for probing high-dimensional entanglement approaching the continuous limit.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures
title: L'effettività del diritto (privato) europeo nella giurisprudenza della Corte di Lussemburgo. Analisi di un concetto indeterminato
Creators: name: Episcopo, Francesca
Publisher: name: Università di Pisa
Year: 2019

description: Il presente lavoro ha per tema il significato e la portata del c.d. principio di effettività, per individuare (i) quando il suo uso da parte della Corte di giustizia è legittimo e quando invece esso appare abusivo, e (ii) in che misura, e con quali limiti, il giudice nazionale è tenuto a darvi applicazione e farsene co-autore nelle controversie di diritto privato.A tal fine, il primo capitolo pone le necessarie premesse metodologiche di analisi del linguaggio giuridico, individuando quattro principali tipologie di discorso in cui il richiamo all’«effettività» riveste un ruolo fondamentale (la definizione del concetto di diritto, il giudizio sulla validità del diritto, il giudizio sull'esistenza del diritto, la determinazione e la tutela dei diritti). Il secondo e terzo capitolo analizzano gli usi del criterio di effettività nella giurisprudenza della Corte di giustizia, organizzandoli secondo due principali direttrici di indagine, corrispondenti ai due principali referenti: l’effettività delle norme di diritto europeo e l’effettività della tutela giurisdizionale. Il quarto capitolo valuta la coerenza di tali usi sia rispetto al livello interno del discorso, sia in relazione all'assetto politico-istituzionale di riferimento, al fine di specificare tanto i significati quanto le funzioni che la Corte attribuisce, legittimamente o illegittimamente, all'effettività. Il quinto capitolo abbozza uno statuto normativo dell’effettività nella giurisprudenza europea – come canone interpretativo, decisionale e giustificativo – e individua alcune ipotesi di potenziale abuso. Il risultato dell’indagine è impiegato infine, secondo la struttura dialettica della comparazione, per valutare l’uso dell’effettività nel diritto privato nazionale.
Spectrally stable nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond formed by carbon implantation into thin microstructures
Creators: name: Yurgens, V.
name: Corazza, A.
name: Zuber, J. A.
name: Gruet, M.
name: Kasperczyk, M.
name: Shields, B. J.
name: Warburton, R. J.
name: Fontana, Y.
name: Maletinsky, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nitrogen-vacancy center (NV) in diamond, with its exceptional spin coherence and convenience in optical spin initialization and readout, is increasingly used both as a quantum sensor and as a building block for quantum networks. Employing photonic structures for maximizing the photon collection efficiency in these applications typically leads to broadened optical linewidths for the emitters, which are commonly created via nitrogen ion implantation. With studies showing that only native nitrogen atoms contribute to optically coherent NVs, a natural conclusion is to either avoid implantation completely, or substitute nitrogen implantation by an alternative approach to vacancy creation. Here, we demonstrate that implantation of carbon ions yields a comparable density of NVs as implantation of nitrogen ions, and that it results in NV populations with narrow optical linewidths and low charge-noise levels even in thin diamond microstructures. We measure a median NV linewidth of 150 MHz for structures thinner than 5 $μ$m, with no trend of increasing linewidths down to the thinnest measured structure of 1.9 $μ$m. We propose a modified NV creation procedure in which the implantation is carried out after instead of before the diamond fabrication processes, and confirm our results in multiple samples implanted with different ion energies and fluences.
Lift and drag in intruders moving through hydrostatic granular media at high speeds
Creators: name: Potiguar, Fabricio Q.
name: Ding, Yang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, experiments showed that forces on intruders dragged horizontally through dense, hydrostatic granular packings mainly depend on the local surface orientation and can be seen as the sum of the forces exerted on small surface elements. In order to understand such forces more deeply, we perform 2D soft-sphere molecular dynamics simulation, on similar set up, of an intruder dragged through a 50-50 bi-disperse granular packing, with diameters 0.30 and 0.34 cm. We measure, for both circular and half-circle shapes, the forces parallel (drag) and perpendicular (lift) to the drag direction as functions of the drag speed, with V=10.3-309 cm/s, and intruder depths, with D=3.75-37.5 cm. The drag forces on an intruder monotonically increase with V and D, and are larger for the circle. However, the lift force does not depend monotonically on V and D, and this relationship is affected by the shape of the intruder. The vertical force was negative for the half-circle, but for a small range of V and D, we measure positive lift. We find no sign change for the lift on the circle, which is always positive. The explanation for the nonmonotonic dependence is related to the decrease in contacts on the intruder as V increases. This is qualitatively similar to supersonic flow detachment from an obstacle. The detachment picture is supported by simulation measurements of the velocity field around the intruder and force profiles measured on its surface.
description: 25 figures, PRE preprint format
Probing hot electron transport across an epitaxial Schottky interface of SrRuO3/Nb:SrTiO3
Creators: name: Roy, S.
name: Kamerbeek, A. M.
name: Rana, K. G.
name: Parui, S.
name: Banerjee, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: SrRuO3 (SRO), a conducting transition metal oxide, is commonly used for engineering domains in BiFeO3. New oxide devices can be envisioned by integrating SRO with an oxide semiconductor as Nb doped SrTiO3 (Nb:STO). Using a three-terminal device configuration, we study vertical transport in a SRO/Nb:STO device at the nanoscale and find local differences in transport, that originate due to the high selectivity of SRO growth on the underlying surface terminations in Nb:STO. This causes a change in the interface energy band characteristics and is explained by the differences in the spatial distribution of the interface-dipoles at the local Schottky interface.
description: 6 Figures
Crossed Luttinger Liquid Hidden in a Quasi-two-dimensional Material η-Mo4O11
Creators: name: Du, X.
name: Kang, L.
name: Lv, Y. Y.
name: Zhou, J. S.
name: Gu, X.
name: Xu, R. Z.
name: Zhang, Q. Q.
name: Yin, Z. X.
name: Zhao, W. X.
name: Li, Y. D.
name: He, S. M.
name: Pei, D.
name: Chen, Y. B.
name: Wang, M. X.
name: Liu, Z. K.
name: Chen, Y. L.
name: Yang, L. X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Although the concept of Luttinger liquid (LL) that describes a one-dimensional (1D) interacting fermion system collapses in higher dimensions, it has been proposed to be closely related to many mysteries including the normal state of cuprate superconductor, unconventional metal, and quantum criticality. Therefore, the generalization of LL model to higher dimensions has attracted substantial research attention. Here we systematically investigate the electronic structure of a quasi-2D compound η-Mo4O11 using high-resolution angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy and ab-initio calculation. Remarkably, we reveal a prototypical LL behavior originating from the crossing quasi-1D chain arrays hidden in the quasi-2D crystal structure. Our results suggest that η-Mo4O11 materializes the long sought-after crossed LL phase, where the orthogonal orbital components significantly reduce the coupling between intersecting quasi-1D chains and therefore maintain the essential properties of LL. Our finding not only presents a realization of 2D LL, but also provides a new angle to understand non-Fermi liquid behaviors in other 2D and 3D quantum materials.
Data complexity measured by principal graphs
Creators: name: Zinovyev, Andrei
name: Mirkes, Evgeny
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: How to measure the complexity of a finite set of vectors embedded in a multidimensional space? This is a non-trivial question which can be approached in many different ways. Here we suggest a set of data complexity measures using universal approximators, principal cubic complexes. Principal cubic complexes generalise the notion of principal manifolds for datasets with non-trivial topologies. The type of the principal cubic complex is determined by its dimension and a grammar of elementary graph transformations. The simplest grammar produces principal trees. We introduce three natural types of data complexity: 1) geometric (deviation of the data's approximator from some "idealized" configuration, such as deviation from harmonicity); 2) structural (how many elements of a principal graph are needed to approximate the data), and 3) construction complexity (how many applications of elementary graph transformations are needed to construct the principal object starting from the simplest one). We compute these measures for several simulated and real-life data distributions and show them in the "accuracy-complexity" plots, helping to optimize the accuracy/complexity ratio. We discuss various issues connected with measuring data complexity. Software for computing data complexity measures from principal cubic complexes is provided as well.
description: Computers and Mathematics with Applications, in press
Formulating E- & T-Model Inflation in Supergravity
Creators: name: Pallis, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present novel realizations of E- and T-model inflation within Supergravity which are largely associated with the existence of a pole of order one and two respectively in the kinetic term of the inflaton superfield. This pole arises due to the selected logarithmic Kahler potentials K, which parameterize hyperbolic manifolds with scalar curvature related to the coefficient (-N)<0 of a logarithmic term. The associated superpotential W exhibits the same R charge with the inflaton-accompanying superfield and includes all the allowed terms. The role of the inflaton can be played by a gauge singlet or non-singlet superfield. Models with one logarithmic term in K for the inflaton, require N=2, some tuning -- of the order of 10^-5 -- between the terms of W and predict a tensor-to-scalar ratio r at the level of 0.001. The tuning can be totally eluded for more structured K's, with N values increasing with r and spectral index close or even equal to its present central observational value.
description: Prepared for the Proceedings of HEP 2022, Thessaloniki, Greece -- Conference C22-06-15.1. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2208.11757
RAPOC : the Rosseland and Planck opacity converter. A user-friendly and fast opacity program for Python
Creators: name: Mugnai, Lorenzo V.
name: Modirrousta-Galian, Darius
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: RAPOC (Rosseland and Planck Opacity Converter) is a Python 3 code that calculates Rosseland and Planck mean opacities (RPMs) from wavelength-dependent opacities for a given temperature, pressure, and wavelength range. In addition to being user-friendly and rapid, RAPOC can interpolate between discrete data points, making it flexible and widely applicable to the astrophysical and Earth-sciences fields, as well as in engineering. For the input data, RAPOC can use ExoMol and DACE data, or any user-defined data, provided that it is in a readable format. In this paper, we present the RAPOC code and compare its calculated Rosseland and Planck mean opacities with other values found in the literature. The RAPOC code is open-source and available on Pypi and GitHub.
description: 15 pages, 6 figures, 3 tables; Accepted for Publication in Exp. Astron
title:  Educazione, cittadinanza e ordine politico in Mary Wollstonecraft. La polemica con Edmund Burke
Creators: name: Vantin, Serena
Publisher: name: Università di Pisa
Year: 2018

description: La ricerca indaga il pensiero politico e giusfilosofico di Wollstonecraft. Nel primo capitolo, viene analizzato il tema dell’educazione, inteso prima come precetto morale, poi quale dovere sociale e infine nell’ambito di un piano governativo nazionale. Nel secondo capitolo, è indagato il discorso sulla cittadinanza, rispetto alla quale la formazione scolastica rappresentava per Wollstonecraft una premessa, a partire dal rapporto tra diritti e libertà, virtù e amicizia civica, sfera privata e sfera pubblica dell’esistenza, individuo e collettività. Infine, vengono trattate le dinamiche ordinamentali nella storia, all’interno di una visione perfettibilista che progredisce attraverso le arti e le guerre, ma anche mediante lo sviluppo di agricoltura e commercio.Nel terzo capitolo, dalle riflessioni sulla storia si passa a considerare l’impatto della Rivoluzione francese sul pensiero dell’autrice, utilizzando una chiave di lettura comparatistica, e guardando soprattutto a come le Reflections on the Revolution in France di Edmund Burke influenzarono, nel breve e nel lungo termine, le prospettive politiche e giusfilosofiche wollstonecraftiane, a partire da tematiche quali i diritti dell’uomo, il gradualismo, il rapporto tra Divina Provvidenza e giustificazionismo, i manners e le esigenze della conservazione sociale, la descrizione del “disordine” anarchico.--- This research aims at analysing the political, legal and philosophical thought of Wollstonecraft. In the first chapter, the issue of education has been analysed, understood at first as a moral principle, then as a social duty and finally within a national, governmental plan. The second chapter examines the issue of citizenship, seen as the goal of education, considering the link between rights and liberties, virtue and civic friendship, private and public sphere, individual and community. Finally, it analysis the “perfectibilist” dynamics of history, through the development of arts, wars and the effects produced by agriculture and commerce.  In the third chapter, the impact of the French Revolution in the thought of Wollstonecraft has been compared to Edmund Burke’s view. The influence of Reflections on the Revolution in France has been examined in the short and in the long term, considering concerns such as the rights of men, the gradualism, the relationship between Divine Providence and “justificationism”, manners and the need for the social preservation, and the description of the “anarchist” disorder.
Anomalous diffusion and ergodicity breaking in heterogeneous diffusion processes
Creators: name: Cherstvy, Andrey G.
name: Chechkin, Aleksei V.
name: Metzler, Ralf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We demonstrate the non-ergodicity of a simple Markovian stochastic processes with space-dependent diffusion coefficient $D(x)$. For power-law forms $D(x) \simeq|x|^α$, this process yield anomalous diffusion of the form $\ < x^2(t)\ > \simeq t^{2/(2-α)}$. Interestingly, in both the sub- and superdiffusive regimes we observe weak ergodicity breaking: the scaling of the time averaged mean squared displacement $\{δ^2}$ remains \emph{linear} and thus differs from the corresponding ensemble average $\ $. We analyze the non-ergodic behavior of this process in terms of the ergodicity breaking parameters and the distribution of amplitude scatter of $\{δ^2}$. This model represents an alternative approach to non-ergodic, anomalous diffusion that might be particularly relevant for diffusion in heterogeneous media.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures, Supplementary Material within source files
Hilbert space fragmentation and interaction-induced localization in the extended Fermi-Hubbard model
Creators: name: Frey, Philipp
name: Hackl, Lucas
name: Rachel, Stephan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study Hilbert space fragmentation in the extended Fermi-Hubbard model with nearest and next-nearest-neighbor interactions. Using a generalized spin/mover picture and saddle point methods, we derive lower bounds for the scaling of the number of frozen states and for the size of the largest block preserved under the dynamics. We find fragmentation for strong nearest- and next-nearest-neighbor repulsions as well as for the combined case. Our results suggest that the involvement of next-nearest-neighbor repulsions leads to an increased tendency for localization. We then model the dynamics for larger systems using Markov simulations to test these findings and unveil in which interaction regimes the dynamics becomes spatially localized. In particular, we show that for strong nearest- and next-nearest-neighbor interactions random initial states will localize provided that the density of initial movers is sufficiently low.
description: 6+6 pages, 6 figures, 1 table
Quantum Corrections to Bekenstein-Hawking Black Hole Entropy and Gravity Partition Functions
Creators: name: Bytsenko, A. A.
name: Tureanu, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Algebraic aspects of the computation of partition functions for quantum gravity and black holes in $AdS_3$ are discussed. We compute the sub-leading quantum corrections to the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy. It is shown that the quantum corrections to the classical result can be included systematically by making use of the comparison with conformal field theory partition functions, via the $AdS_3/CFT_2$ correspondence. This leads to a better understanding of the role of modular and spectral functions, from the point of view of the representation theory of infinite-dimensional Lie algebras. Besides, the sum of known quantum contributions to the partition function can be presented in a closed form, involving the Patterson-Selberg spectral function. These contributions can be reproduced in a holomorphically factorized theory whose partition functions are associated with the formal characters of the Virasoro modules. We propose a spectral function formulation for quantum corrections to the elliptic genus from supergravity states.
description: 20 pages
Microscopic Reversibility and Emergent Elasticity in Ultrastable Granular Systems
Creators: name: Zhao, Yiqiu
name: Zhao, Yuchen
name: Wang, Dong
name: Zheng, Hu
name: Chakraborty, Bulbul
name: Socolar, Joshua E. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a recent paper [Phys. Rev. X 12, 031021], we reported experimental observations of ``ultrastable'' states in a shear-jammed granular system subjected to small-amplitude cyclic shear. In such states, all the particle positions and contact forces are reproduced after each shear cycle so that a strobed image of the stresses and particle positions appears static. In the present work, we report further analyses of data from those experiments to characterize both global and local responses of ultrastable states within a shear cycle, not just the strobed dynamics. We find that ultrastable states follow a power-law relation between shear modulus and pressure with an exponent $β\approx 0.5$, reminiscent of critical scaling laws near jamming. We also examine the evolution of contact forces measured using photoelasticimetry. We find that there are two types of contacts: non-persistent contacts that reversibly open and close; and persistent contacts that never open \yiqiu{and display no measurable sliding}. We show that the non-persistent contacts make a non-negligible contribution to the emergent shear modulus. We also analyze the spatial correlations of the stress tensor and compare them to the predictions of a recent theory of the emergent elasticity of granular solids, the Vector Charge Theory of Granular mechanics and dynamics (VCTG) [Phys. Rev. Lett. 125, 118002, arXiv:2204.11811]. We show that our experimental results can be fit well by VCTG, assuming uniaxial symmetry of the contact networks. The fits reveal that the response of the ultrastable states to additional applied stress is substantially more isotropic than that of the original shear-jammed states. Our results provide important insight into the mechanical properties of frictional granular solids created by shear.
Observational Signatures of Galactic Turbulent Dynamos
Creators: name: Carteret, Yann
name: Bendre, Abhijit B.
name: Schober, Jennifer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyse the observational signatures of galactic magnetic fields that are self-consistently generated in magnetohydrodynamic simulations of the interstellar medium through turbulence driven by supernova (SN) explosions and differential rotation. In particular, we study the time evolution of the Faraday rotation measure (RM), synchrotron radiation, and Stokes parameters by characterising the typical structures formed in the plane of observation. We do this by defining two distinct models for both thermal and cosmic ray (CR) electron distributions. Our results indicate that the maps of RM have structures which are sheared and rendered anisotropically by differential rotation and that they depend on the choice of thermal electrons model as well as the SN rate. Synchrotron maps are qualitatively similar to the maps of the mean magnetic field along the line of sight and structures are only marginally affected by the CR model. Stokes parameters and related quantities, such as the degree of linear polarisation, are highly dependent on both frequency and resolution of the observation.
description: 15 pages, 19 figures
Trimaximal TM1 neutrino mixing in S4 with spontaneous CP violation
Creators: name: Luhn, Christoph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The measurement of the reactor angle by the Daya Bay and RENO experiments in 2012 has ruled out the tri-bimaximal paradigm. Adopting an S4 family symmetry, we propose direct models of the trimaximal type TM1 in which the tri-bimaximal Klein symmetry of the neutrino sector is broken to a residual Z2 symmetry. In such a scenario, the solar mixing angle is decreased compared to its tri-bimaximal value by about one degree, thus bringing it in excellent agreement with experimental observation. The atmospheric mixing angle, on the other hand, depends on the CP violating Dirac phase delta. Imposing CP conservation in the family symmetry limit, we show how to break the CP symmetry via flavon VEVs with well-defined complex phases, so that sizable deviations of the atmospheric angle from maximal mixing, consistent with the latest global fits, are produced.
description: 25 pages, version to be published in NPB
The Horava-Lifshitz Modifications of the Casimir effect at finite temperature revisted
Creators: name: Cheng, Hongbo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We proceed with the study of the Casimir force for parallel plates at finite temperature in the Horava-Lifshitz (HL) theory. We find that the HL exponent can not be chosen as an integer, or the Casimir energy will be a constant and further the Casimir force between two parallel plates will vanish. The higher temperature makes the attractive Casimir force weaker, which is consistent with the original consequence confirmed theoretically and experimentally. We can select the HL factor adequately to lead the thermally revised Casimir force to be similar to the standard results for the parallel plates.
description: 11 pages, 1 figure
Vacuum Rabi oscillation induced by virtual photons in the ultrastrong coupling regime
Creators: name: Law, C. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an interaction scheme that exhibits a dynamical consequence of virtual photons carried by a vacuum-field dressed two-level atom in the ultrastrong coupling regime. We show that, with the aid of an external driving field, virtual photons provide a transition matrix element that enables the atom to evolve coherently and reversibly to an auxiliary level accompanied by the emission of a real photon. The process corresponds to a type of vacuum Rabi oscillation, and we show that the effective vacuum Rabi frequency is proportional to the amplitude of a single virtual photon in the ground state. Therefore the interaction scheme could serve as a probe of ground state structures in the ultrastrong coupling regime.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
MDE for Machine Learning-Enabled Software Systems: A Case Study and Comparison of MontiAnna & ML-Quadrat
Creators: name: Kirchhof, Jörg Christian
name: Kusmenko, Evgeny
name: Ritz, Jonas
name: Rumpe, Bernhard
name: Moin, Armin
name: Badii, Atta
name: Günnemann, Stephan
name: Challenger, Moharram
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we propose to adopt the MDE paradigm for the development of Machine Learning (ML)-enabled software systems with a focus on the Internet of Things (IoT) domain. We illustrate how two state-of-the-art open-source modeling tools, namely MontiAnna and ML-Quadrat can be used for this purpose as demonstrated through a case study. The case study illustrates using ML, in particular deep Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs), for automated image recognition of handwritten digits using the MNIST reference dataset, and integrating the machine learning components into an IoT system. Subsequently, we conduct a functional comparison of the two frameworks, setting out an analysis base to include a broad range of design considerations, such as the problem domain, methods for the ML integration into larger systems, and supported ML methods, as well as topics of recent intense interest to the ML community, such as AutoML and MLOps. Accordingly, this paper is focused on elucidating the potential of the MDE approach in the ML domain. This supports the ML engineer in developing the (ML/software) model rather than implementing the code, and additionally enforces reusability and modularity of the design through enabling the out-of-the-box integration of ML functionality as a component of the IoT or cyber-physical systems.
description: ACM / IEEE 25th International Conference on Model Driven Engineering Languages and Systems (MODELS 2022) Companion - MDE Intelligence Workshop
Geometric Stability Spectra of Dipolar Bose Gases in Tunable Optical Lattices
Creators: name: Corson, John P.
name: Wilson, Ryan M.
name: Bohn, John L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the stability of quasi-two-dimensional dipolar Bose-Einstein condensates in the presence of weak optical lattices of various geometries. We find that when the condensate possesses a roton-maxon quasiparticle dispersion, the conditions for stability exhibit a strong dependence both on the lattice geometry and the polarization tilt. This results in rich structures in the system's stability diagram akin to spectroscopic signatures. We show how these structures originate from the mode matching of rotons to the perturbing lattice. In the case of a one-dimensional lattice, some of the features emerge only when the polarization axis is tilted into the plane of the condensate. Our results suggest that the stability diagram may be used as a novel means to spectroscopically measure rotons in dipolar condensates.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures
Discovery of an extra hard spectral component in the high-energy afterglow emission of GRB 130427A
Creators: name: Tam, Pak-Hin Thomas
name: Tang, Qing-Wen
name: Hou, Shujing
name: Liu, Ruo-Yu
name: Wang, Xiang-Yu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The extended high-energy gamma-ray (>100 MeV) emission occurred after the prompt gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) is usually characterized by a single power-law spectrum, which has been explained as the afterglow synchrotron radiation. The afterglow inverse-Compton emission has long been predicted to be able to produce a high-energy component as well, but previous observations have not revealed such a signature clearly, probably due to the small number of >10 GeV photons even for the brightest GRBs known so far. In this Letter, we report on the Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) observations of the >100 MeV emission from the very bright and nearby GRB 130427A. We characterize the time-resolved spectra of the GeV emission from the GRB onset to the afterglow phase. By performing time-resolved spectral fits of GRB 130427A, we found a strong evidence of an extra hard spectral component that exists in the extended high-energy emission of this GRB. We argue that this hard component may arise from the afterglow inverse Compton emission.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, 2 tables, ApJL, in press
KABC Talkradio 79 ABC: Michael Jackson Show, 9AM-1PM
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Budget--Law and legislation
Diet
Nutrition
Pay equity

description: Bella Abzug guest hosts Michael Jackson’s radio program on a variety of topics. Part 1: congressional budget discussion with Ed Roybal; Part 2: dieting fads; Part 3: phone call with Michael Jackson and discussion of gender gap with Maxine Waters and Barbara Mikulski; Part 4: Nicaragua, Contras, and Reagan.
Segment Linking: A Highly Parallelizable Track Reconstruction Algorithm for HL-LHC
Creators: name: Chang, Philip
name: Elmer, Peter
name: Gu, Yanxi
name: Krutelyov, Vyacheslav
name: Niendorf, Gavin
name: Reid, Michael
name: Narayanan, Balaji Venkat Sathia
name: Tadel, Matevž
name: Vourliotis, Emmanouil
name: Wang, Bei
name: Wittich, Peter
name: Yagil, Avraham
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The High Luminosity upgrade of the Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC) will produce particle collisions with up to 200 simultaneous proton-proton interactions. These unprecedented conditions will create a combinatorial complexity for charged-particle track reconstruction that demands a computational cost that is expected to surpass the projected computing budget using conventional CPUs. Motivated by this and taking into account the prevalence of heterogeneous computing in cutting-edge High Performance Computing centers, we propose an efficient, fast and highly parallelizable bottom-up approach to track reconstruction for the HL-LHC, along with an associated implementation on GPUs, in the context of the Phase 2 CMS outer tracker. Our algorithm, called Segment Linking (or Line Segment Tracking), takes advantage of localized track stub creation, combining individual stubs to progressively form higher level objects that are subject to kinematical and geometrical requirements compatible with genuine physics tracks. The local nature of the algorithm makes it ideal for parallelization under the Single Instruction, Multiple Data paradigm, as hundreds of objects can be built simultaneously. The computing and physics performance of the algorithm has been tested on an NVIDIA Tesla V100 GPU, already yielding efficiency and timing measurements that are on par with the latest, multi-CPU versions of existing CMS tracking algorithms.
description: Contribution to the HEP 2022 - 39th Conference on Recent Developments in High Energy Physics and Cosmology, 15-18 June 2022, Thessaloniki, Greece
Effect of stellar spots on high-precision transit light-curve
Creators: name: Oshagh, M.
name: Santos, N. C.
name: Boisse, I.
name: Boué, G.
name: Montalto, M.
name: Dumusque, X.
name: Haghighipour, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Stellar activity features such as spots can create complications in determining planetary parameters through spectroscopic and photometric observations. The overlap of a transiting planet and a stellar spot, for instance, can produce anomalies in the transit light curves that may lead to inaccurate estimation of the transit duration, depth and timing. For instance such inaccuracies can affect the precise derivation of the planet's radius. In this paper, we present the results of a quantitative study on the effects of stellar spots on high precision transit light curves. We show that spot anomalies can lead to the estimate of a planet radius that is 4% smaller than the real value. The effects on the transit duration can also be of the order of 4%, longer or shorter. Depending on the size and distribution of spots, anomalies can also produce transit timing variations with significant amplitudes. For instance, TTVs with signal amplitudes of 200 seconds can be produced when the spot is completely dark and as large as the largest Sun spot. Our study also indicates that the minimum size of a stellar spot with detectable affects on the high precision transit light curve is around 0.03 time the stellar radius for typical Kepler telescope precision. We also show that the strategy of including more free parameters (such as transit depth and duration) in the fitting procedure to measure the transit time of each individual transit will not produce accurate results in the case of active stars.
description: 7 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Conductivity and permittivity of dispersed systems with penetrable particle-host interphase
Creators: name: Sushko, M. Ya.
name: Semenov, A. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A model for the study of the effective quasistatic conductivity and permittivity of dispersed systems with particle-host interphase, within which many-particle polarization and correlation contributions are effectively incorporated, is presented. The structure of the system's components, including the interphase, is taken into account through modelling their low-frequency complex permittivity profiles. The model describes, among other things, a percolation-type behavior of the effective conductivity, accompanied by a considerable increase in the real part of the effective complex permittivity. The percolation threshold location is determined mainly by the thickness of the interphase. The "double" percolation effect is predicted. The results are contrasted with experiment.
description: 10 pages, 10 figures
title: Excess Nutrients in Vatia Bay, American Samoa: Spatiotemporal Variability, Source Identification and Impact on Coral Reef Ecosystems
Creators: name: Whitall, David
name: Curtis, Meagan
name: Mason, Andrew
name: Vargas-Angel, Bernardo
Publisher: name: National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science (U.S.)
Year: 2019

description: NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS NCCOS ; 266
ERA March: Ellie Smeal; interview with musician Jimmy Damon
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Equal rights amendments
Politics, Practical
Women--Political activity
Musicians
Helplines

description: Part 1 comprises Eleanor Smeal recording message for ERA, remainder of part 1 and entirety of part 2 are interview with musician Jimmy Damon.
Generative Model Watermarking Based on Human Visual System
Creators: name: Zhang, Li
name: Liu, Yong
name: Liu, Shaoteng
name: Yang, Tianshu
name: Wang, Yexin
name: Zhang, Xinpeng
name: Wu, Hanzhou
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Intellectual property protection of deep neural networks is receiving attention from more and more researchers, and the latest research applies model watermarking to generative models for image processing. However, the existing watermarking methods designed for generative models do not take into account the effects of different channels of sample images on watermarking. As a result, the watermarking performance is still limited. To tackle this problem, in this paper, we first analyze the effects of embedding watermark information on different channels. Then, based on the characteristics of human visual system (HVS), we introduce two HVS-based generative model watermarking methods, which are realized in RGB color space and YUV color space respectively. In RGB color space, the watermark is embedded into the R and B channels based on the fact that HVS is more sensitive to G channel. In YUV color space, the watermark is embedded into the DCT domain of U and V channels based on the fact that HVS is more sensitive to brightness changes. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed work, which improves the fidelity of the model to be protected and has good universality compared with previous methods.
description: https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=IdiF7M0AAAAJ&hl=en
A Parallel-Propagating Alfvénic Ion-Beam Instability in the High-Beta Solar Wind
Creators: name: Verscharen, Daniel
name: Bourouaine, Sofiane
name: Chandran, Benjamin D. G.
name: Maruca, Bennett A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the conditions under which parallel-propagating Alfvén/ion-cyclotron waves are driven unstable by an isotropic ($T_{\perp α} = T_{\parallelα}$) population of alpha particles drifting parallel to the magnetic field at an average speed $U_α$ with respect to the protons. We derive an approximate analytic condition for the minimum value of $U_α$ needed to excite this instability and refine this result using numerical solutions to the hot-plasma dispersion relation. When the alpha-particle number density is $\simeq 5%$ of the proton number density and the two species have similar thermal speeds, the instability requires that $β_{\rm p} \gtrsim 1$, where $β_{\rm p}$ is the ratio of the proton pressure to the magnetic pressure. For $1\lesssim β_{\mathrm p}\lesssim 12$, the minimum $U_α$ needed to excite this instability ranges from $0.7v_{\mathrm A}$ to $0.9v_{\mathrm A}$, where $v_{\mathrm A}$ is the Alfvén speed. This threshold is smaller than the threshold of $\simeq 1.2v_{\mathrm A}$ for the parallel magnetosonic instability, which was previously thought to have the lowest threshold of the alpha-particle beam instabilities at $β_{\mathrm p}\gtrsim 0.5$. We discuss the role of the parallel Alfvénic drift instability for the evolution of the alpha-particle drift speed in the solar wind. We also analyze measurements from the \emph{Wind} spacecraft's Faraday cups and show that the $U_α$ values measured in solar-wind streams with $T_{\perp α}\approx T_{\parallelα}$ are approximately bounded from above by the threshold of the parallel Alfvénic instability.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures
Coherent π0η photoproduction on s-shell nuclei
Creators: name: Egorov, M.
name: Fix, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Coherent photoproduction of π0η on the deuteron, He3 and He4 nuclei is considered in the energy region from threshold to the lab photon energy 1.2 GeV. The transition amplitude is derived using impulse approximation. Effects of pion absorption are included by means of the Fernbach-Serber-Taylor model. Interaction of the produced η-mesons with the recoiled nucleus is taken into account for the reactions on d and He3. The corresponding ηd and ηHe3 scattering amplitudes are obtained as solutions of the few-body equations for ηNN and η-3N systems. Impact of this interaction on the differential cross section in the region of small relative η-nuclear momenta is discussed.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures
Supersymmetric Quantum Chiral Higher Spin Gravity
Creators: name: Tsulaia, Mirian
name: Weissman, Dorin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study quantum properties of supersymmetric N=1 and N=4 extensions of the four dimensional bosonic Chiral Higher Spin Gravities (HiSGRAs). We discuss the spectra, the classical actions and define the Feynman rules in N=1 and N=4 superspaces in the light-front gauge. Using these Feynman rules, we compute tree and one-loop amplitudes for these systems. A dimensional reduction to a system with N=2 supersymmetry and with massive higher spin fields is performed and quantum properties of this system are discussed.
description: v1: 21 pages, LaTex; v2: minor corrections and additions, references added, 22 pages; v3: some clarifications added, typos corrected, published version
Electronic supplementary material from Bioenergetic consequences of sex-specific mitochondrial DNA evolution
Creators: name: Bettinazzi, Stefano
name: Milani, Liliana
name: Blier, Pierre U.
name: Breton, Sophie
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology

description: Supportive materials and methods, figures and tables
Three-Loop Contributions to the Gluonic Massive Operator Matrix Elements at General Values of N
Creators: name: Ablinger, J.
name: Blümlein, J.
name: De Freitas, A.
name: Hasselhuhn, A.
name: Klein, S.
name: Raab, C.
name: Round, M.
name: Schneider, C.
name: Wißbrock, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent results on the calculation of 3-loop massive operator matrix elements in case of one and two heavy quark masses are reported. They concern the $O(n_f T_F^2 C_{F,A})$ and $O(T_F^2 C_{F,A})$ gluonic corrections, two-mass quarkonic moments, and ladder- and Benz-topologies. We also discuss technical aspects of the calculations.
description: 12 pages, Proc. Loops and Legs in Quantum Field Theory - 11th DESY Workshop on Elementary Particle Physics, April 15-20, 2012, Wernigerode, Germany
An intermediate phase induced by dilution in a correlated Dirac Fermi system
Creators: name: Tian, Lingyu
name: Meng, Jingyao
name: Ma, Tianxing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Substituting magnetic ions with nonmagnetic ions is a new way to study dilution. Using determinant quantum Monte Carlo calculations, we investigate an interacting Dirac fermion model with the on-site Coulomb repulsion being randomly zero on a fraction $x$ of sites. Based on conductivity, density of states and antiferromagnetic structure factor, our results reveal a novel intermediate insulating phase induced by the competition between dilution and repulsion. With increasing doping level of nonmagnetic ions, this nonmagnetic intermediate phase is found to emerge from the zero-temperature quantum critical point separating a metallic and a Mott insulating phase, whose robustness is proven over a wide range of interactions. Under the premise of strongly correlated materials, we suggest that doping nonmagnetic ions can effectively convert the system back to the paramagnetic metallic phase. This result not only agrees with experiments on the effect of dilution on magnetic order but also provides a possible direction for studies focusing on the metal-insulator transition in honeycomb lattice like materials.
description: 6 pages and 7 figures
Gravity-related wave function collapse: Is superfluid He exceptional?
Creators: name: Diósi, Lajos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The gravity-related model of spontaneous wave function collapse, a longtime hypothesis, damps the massive Schrödinger Cat states in quantum theory. We extend the hypothesis and assume that spontaneous wave function collapses are responsible for the emergence of Newton interaction. Superfluid helium would then show significant and testable gravitational anomalies.
description: 9 pp, 1 fig. Invited talk at the international workshop "Horizon of quantum physics: from foundations to quantum enabled technologies" (Taipei, October 14-18, 2012)