cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Parameter distributions of Keplerian orbits
Creators: name: Savransky, Dmitry
name: Cady, Eric
name: Kasdin, N. Jeremy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Starting with just the assumption of uniformly distributed orbital orientations, we derive expressions for the distributions of the Keplerian orbital elements as functions of arbitrary distributions of eccentricity and semi-major axis. We present methods for finding the probability density functions of the true anomaly, eccentric anomaly, orbital radius, and other parameters used in describing direct planetary observations. We also demonstrate the independence of the distribution of phase angle, which is highly significant in the study of direct searches, and present examples validating the derived expressions.
description: 15 pages, 2 figures. Accepted to ApJ
Ophthalmology Residency Match in the Covid-19 Era: Applicant and Program Director Perceptions of the 2020–2021 Application Cycle
Creators: name: Venincasa, Michael J.
name: Steren, Benjamin
name: Young, Benjamin K.
name: Parikh, Ankur
name: Ahmed, Bilal
name: Sridhar, Jayanth
name: Kombo, Ninani
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: To evaluate the experiences and preferences of ophthalmology residency applicants and program directors (PDs), with emphasis on the effect of COVID-19 as well as recent changes on the application process. Cross-sectional, online survey All applicants to the Bascom Palmer Eye Institute ophthalmology residency program, and all United States ophthalmology residency PDs, during the 2020–2021 application cycle. An online survey was distributed to applicants and program directors of the 2020–2021 ophthalmology residency application cycle. Main Outcome Measures: Applicant demographics, application submissions, interview experiences, financial considerations, match results, and suggestions for improvement of the application process. Responses were obtained from 205 applicants (34.9% response rate) and 37 PDs (30.3%). A successful match into an ophthalmology residency was achieved by 144 (83.7%) applicants. Applicants applied to (mean ± SD) 79.7 ± 22.8 ophthalmology residency programs, received 13.1 ± 8.9 invitations to interview, and attended 11.1 ± 5.8 interviews. Most applicants (N = 126; 71.2%) and PDs (N = 22; 78.6%) expressed a preference for in-person interviews over virtual interviews. If given a choice regarding the future direction for interviews, most applicants were unsure (N = 68; 38.4%) or would prefer to hold interviews virtually (N = 62; 35.0%); PDs felt that interviews should go back to being in-person (39.3%) or were unsure (28.6%). Most PDs (N = 21; 72.4%) reported an increased number of applications received by their respective programs this year compared to previous years. While applicants (N = 108; 61.0%) mostly felt that there should not be a cap on the number of applications, 19 (67.9%) PDs supported a limit on application numbers. Applicants spent an average (SD) of $2320.96 ($1172.86) on the application process this year, which is significantly less than 2018–2019 data. The ophthalmology residency application process was especially complex during the COVID-19 pandemic. Although many applicants and PDs were glad that interviews were held virtually this year, they were less certain regarding future years. The virtual format led to a significantly lower financial burden for applicants and may lead some to prefer this format in the future; if a hybrid model is offered for virtual/in-person interviews, these two interview modes should be compared equally.
QED Model of Resonance Phenomena in Quasionedimensional Multichain Qubit Systems with Axial Symmetry
Creators: name: Dovlatova, Alla
name: Yearchuck, Dmitry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The analytical solution of the task of the interaction of quantized EM-field with multichain quasionedimensional axially symmetric qubit system by taking into account both the intrachain and interchain qubit coupling has been obtained for the first time. The appearance of additional lines in optical spectra of quasionedimensional systems strongly interacting with EM-field is predicted. They are result of nonstationary registration conditions, to be consequence of Rabi wave packet formation and correspond to Fourier transformation of revival part of Rabi wave packets in temporal dependence of the integral inversion. It is argued the applicability of Su-Schrieffer-Heeger-model of organic conductors for perfect quasionedimensional carbon zigzag shaped nanotubes to be consequence of 2D-1D transition with diameter decrease.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures
Efficient Symmetry Reduction and the Use of State Symmetries for Symbolic Model Checking
Creators: name: Appold, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: One technique to reduce the state-space explosion problem in temporal logic model checking is symmetry reduction. The combination of symmetry reduction and symbolic model checking by using BDDs suffered a long time from the prohibitively large BDD for the orbit relation. Dynamic symmetry reduction calculates representatives of equivalence classes of states dynamically and thus avoids the construction of the orbit relation. In this paper, we present a new efficient model checking algorithm based on dynamic symmetry reduction. Our experiments show that the algorithm is very fast and allows the verification of larger systems. We additionally implemented the use of state symmetries for symbolic symmetry reduction. To our knowledge we are the first who investigated state symmetries in combination with BDD based symbolic model checking.
Crystal structure, EMPA and FTIR spectroscopy of green yoderite: (Mg2.02Al5.68Fe3+0.35)Σ8.05 (Si3.93 P5+0.03)Σ3.96O18(OH)2; from Mautia Hill, Tanzania
Creators: name: Day, Maxwell C
name: Callegari, Athos Maria
name: Boiocchi, Massimo
name: Hawthorne, Frank C
Publisher: name: Periodico di Mineralogia
Year: 2021

description: Green yoderite, with the ideal crystal-chemical formula [6](MgAl3)[5](MgAl) [5](Al2)O2(SiO4)4(OH)2, from the type locality, Mautia Hill, Tanzania, has been characterized by accurate X-ray diffraction data and crystal-structure refinement at ambient conditions, electron microprobe analysis and FTIR spectroscopy. Yoderite is monoclinic with a = 7.9979 (3), b = 5.8003 (2), c = 7.2299 (2), ß= 104.7398 (9) Å, V = 324.36 (2) Å³, space group P21/n (no. 14), Z = 1. Crystal-structure refinement with all non-H atoms refined anisotropically converged to an R1 value of 2.50 % based on all 2156 unique reflections and 94 refined parameters. Chains of edge-sharing A(1)O5(OH) octahedra extend in the b direction and the A(1) site is occupied by 0.75 Al + 0.25 Mg. These chains are linked by isolated SiO4 tetrahedra and by two independent trigonal bipyramids A(2)O4(OH) and A(3)O5, where the A(2) site is occupied by 0.50 Al + 0.50 Mg and the A(3) site by 0.94 Al + 0.06 Fe3+. The hydrogen-bond scheme is established on the basis of the H-atom position observed in the final ΔF map and refined without restraint. Fitting of the FTIR spectrum in the principal (OH)-stretching region shows that A(2)Al and A(2)Mg are preferentially associated with certain A(1)(AlAl), A(1)(AlMg) and A(1)(MgMg) dimers. Comparison of the band positions, observed intensities and associated local short-range arrangements suggests that the bond valence requirements of such arrangements control the chemical composition of the crystal.
description: Periodico di Mineralogia, Vol. 90 No. 3 (2021)
The Sub-keV Atom Reflecting Analyzer (SARA) Experiment Aboard Chandrayaan-1 Mission: Instrument and Observations
Creators: name: Bhardwaj, Anil
name: Wieser, Martim
name: Dhanya, M. B.
name: Barabash, Stas
name: Yoshifumi, Futaana
name: Holmstrom, Mats
name: Sridharan, R.
name: Wurz, Peter
name: Schaufelberger, Audrey
name: Kazushi, Asamura
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: SARA experiment aboard the first Indian lunar mission Chandrayaan-1 had the objective to explore the solar wind-lunar interaction using energetic neutral atoms (ENA) from the lunar surface as diagnostic tool. SARA consisted of an ENA imaging mass analyzer CENA (Chandrayaan-1 Energetic Neutral Analyzer) and an ion mass analyser SWIM (Solar Wind Monitor), along with a digital processing unit (DPU) which commands and controls the sensors and provides the interface to the spacecraft. Both sensors have provided excellent observational data. CENA has observed ENAs from the lunar surface and found that ~20% of the incident solar wind ions get backscattered as ENAs from the lunar surface. This is contrary to the previous assumptions of almost complete absorption of solar wind by the lunar surface. The observation is relevant for other airless bodies in the solar system.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures
The construction of the humanitarian worker as inviolate actor
Creators: name: Leclerc-Gagné, Elise
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: “How is it that there is such a concern for the security of humanitarian workers?” A glance at the legal, policy, humanitarian, academic and business spheres reveals a widespread and strong commitment to the security of humanitarian workers. While it may appear obvious that these actors should not be victims of security incidents, upon scrutiny, the prominence of this notion – which I term the “norm of humanitarian security” – is surprising. Concern for the security of humanitarian workers is startling considering the enduring ambiguity of what or who humanitarian workers are, and the fact that these actors perform work that has, for years, faced serious critiques. In view of this state of affairs, this dissertation asks: “how is it that humanitarian workers came to be perceived as inviolate actors?” I attend to this question by tracing a genealogy of the norm of humanitarian security. After outlining the emergence of the humanitarian worker as actor, I show how the norm of humanitarian security developed and gained prominence in the 1990s. I argue that this development was greatly informed by states’ commitment to the delivery of humanitarian assistance to which the security of humanitarian workers was perceived as central. States’ changing paradigm of engagement in humanitarian affairs in the post-2001 period contributed to the norm of humanitarian security becoming a stand-alone norm. This occasioned a shift in which violations of the norm went from being portrayed as problematic owing to their impact on the delivery of humanitarian assistance, to being perceived as problematic in and of themselves. This research makes an important contribution to the literature on norms – by providing the first study of the norm of humanitarian security; the literature on humanitarianism – by shedding light on the evolution of the notion of humanitarian worker and showing the interplay between the evolution of the humanitarian sphere and the humanitarian worker; and to the literature on the security of humanitarian workers – by providing a historically situated account of its object of study.
Degree of Al-Si order in K-feldspar and its effect on K-feldspar’s dissolution
Creators: name: Liu, Shanke
name: Zhai, Yuanyuan
Publisher: name: Periodico di Mineralogia
Year: 2021

description: Dissolution or alteration of feldspars is controlled by many factors such as the crystal structure (e.g., Al/Si ordering), temperature, pH, surface area, organic acids, chemical affinity, and precipitation of secondary minerals. The effects of Al/Si ordering (i.e., the degree of Al/Si order) on the percentage of feldspar dissolution (i.e., the extent of feldspar alteration) have not been studied. In this study, the degree of Al/Si order of different types of K-feldspars (eleven specimens including one sanidine sample, five orthoclase samples and five microcline samples) were investigated and determined by both X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) and Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR) method. Further dissolution experiments of K-feldspar samples were operated under the hydrothermal condition for exploring the effects of Al/Si ordering on their dissolution. The degree of Al/Si order between XRPD and FTIR shows a good positive correlation (Pearson’s R =0.94726). The degree of Al/Si order is slightly positively correlated with the percentage of K-feldspars dissolution, and this presents a useful guide for people who are going to utilize K-feldspar as the fertilizer using a hydrothermal alkaline method and try to pick up those samples including orthoclase or microcline from an economic view point.
description: Periodico di Mineralogia, Vol. 90 No. 3 (2021)