cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
IMPACTS OF DON IN THE MALTING BARLEY SUPPLY CHAIN: AGGREGATE COSTS AND FIRM-LEVEL RISKS
Creators: name: Johnson, D. Demcey
name: Nganje, William E.
name: Johnson, D. Demcey
name: Nganje, William E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Production Economics
subject: barley
subject: malt
subject: DON
subject: fusarium head blight
subject: grain quality
subject: blending

description: DON is a toxic byproduct of fusarium head blight (FHB), a fungal disease of small grains. Beginning in 1993, a prolonged outbreak of FHB occurred in the Upper Midwest, the traditional source of most six-rowed malting barley produced in the United States. Price discounts associated with DON in barley have been significant. This paper has two objectives. The first is to estimate the impact of DON on the value of malting barley grown in the Upper Midwest. Using crop quality data, we use a linear programming model to derive optimal blends of barley supplies, given discount schedules and the distribution of quality factors. The premise is that blending activities, on a regional scale, allow a larger fraction of the crop to be sold as malting. The second objective is to assess the risks associated with DON in the context of a firm-level blending model. We frame a nonlinear optimization problem in which an elevator seeks to maximize the expected sales value of the barley in its bins. Price discounts for several quality factors are incorporated in the analysis, along with probability distributions for DON. Treating DON as a random quality factor adds some interesting complexity to the standard grain blending problem. Attachments : aem187a.xls aem187b.xls aem187c.xls aem187d.xls
Beyond linear response spectroscopy of ultracold Fermi gases
Creators: name: Kinnunen, J.
name: Torma, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study RF-spectroscopy of ultracold Fermi gas by going beyond the linear response in the field-matter interaction. Higher order perturbation theory allows virtual processes and energy conservation beyond the single particle level. We formulate an effective higher order theory which agrees quantitatively with experiments on the pairing gap, and is consistent with the absence of the mean-field shift in the spin-flip experiment.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures. Text revised, new figures
Johnson-Kendall-Roberts theory applied to living cells
Creators: name: Chu, Yeh-Shiu
name: Dufour, Sylvie
name: Thiery, Jean Paul
name: Perez, Eric
name: Pincet, Frédéric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Johnson-Kendall-Roberts (JKR) theory is an accurate model for strong adhesion energies of soft slightly deformable material. Little is known about the validity of this theory on complex systems such as living cells. We have addressed this problem using a depletion controlled cell adhesion and measured the force necessary to separate the cells with a micropipette technique. We show that the cytoskeleton can provide the cells with a 3D structure that is sufficiently elastic and has a sufficiently low deformability for JKR theory to be valid. When the cytoskeleton is disrupted, JKR theory is no longer applicable.
Left invariant nearly pseudo-Kähler structures and the tangent lie group
Creators: name: Pham, David N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: (Primary) 32Q60, 53C15, 53C50

description: Let $G$ be a Lie group, and let $(g,J)$ be a left invariant almost pseudo-Hermitian structure on $G$. It is shown that if $(g,J)$ is also nearly pseudo-Kähler, then the tangent bundle $TG$ (with its natural Lie group structure induced from $G$) admits a left-invariant nearly pseudo-Kähler structure.
description: 6 pages. Final version
Predicting the time variation of radio emission from MHD simulations of a flaring T-Tauri star
Creators: name: Waterfall, C. O. G.
name: Browning, P. K.
name: Fuller, G. A.
name: Gordovskyy, M.
name: Orlando, S.
name: Reale, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We model the time dependent radio emission from a disk accretion event in a T-Tauri star using 3D, ideal magnetohydrodynamic simulations combined with a gyrosynchrotron emission and radiative transfer model. We predict for the first time, the multi-frequency (1$-$1000 GHz) intensity and circular polarisation from a flaring T-Tauri star. A flux tube, connecting the star with its circumstellar disk, is populated with a distribution of non-thermal electrons which is allowed to decay exponentially after a heating event in the disk and the system is allowed to evolve. The energy distribution of the electrons, as well as the non-thermal power law index and loss rate, are varied to see their effect on the overall flux. Spectra are generated from different lines of sight, giving different views of the flux tube and disk. The peak flux typically occurs around 20$-$30 GHz and the radio luminosity is consistent with that observed from T-Tauri stars. For all simulations, the peak flux is found to decrease and move to lower frequencies with elapsing time. The frequency-dependent circular polarisation can reach 10$-$30$\%$ but has a complex structure which evolves as the flare evolves. Our models show that observations of the evolution of the spectrum and its polarisation can provide important constraints on physical properties of the flaring environment and associated accretion event.
Additional file 2 of Developing an evidence-informed framework for safe and accessible urban mobility infrastructures for older adults in low- and middle-income countries: a protocol for realist synthesis
Creators: name: Patil, Divya Sussana
name: Yadav, Uday Narayan
name: Sobin George
name: Helbich, Marco
name: Ettema, Dick
name: Bailey, Ajay
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2. Search strategy for PubMed/MEDLINE and data extraction sheet.
A COMPARISON OF SUSTAINABLE AND CONVENTIONAL FARMERS IN NORTH DAKOTA
Creators: name: Sell, Randall S.
name: Goreham, Gary A.
name: Youngs, George A.
name: Watt, David L.
name: Sell, Randall S.
name: Goreham, Gary A.
name: Youngs, George A.
name: Watt, David L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Farm Management
subject: sustainable farms
subject: conventional farms
subject: organic
subject: North Dakota

description: Interviews and mail-out/mail-back surveys were conducted in 1992 with 38 conventional and 41 sustainable North Dakota farmers. The results emphasize the differences and similarities of these two types of farmers. Sustainable farms had more diverse cropping practices and were more likely to raise alternative crops like alfalfa, buckwheat, hay, millet, oats, and rye than conventional farmers. Conventional farmers were more likely to raise traditional crops like barley, sugar beets, sunflowers, and spring wheat. Conventional farmers averaged substantially higher crop yields than sustainable farmers. Three-fourths of the sustainable farmers raised livestock compared with one-half of the conventional farmers. Conventional farmers had greater equity, assets, gross farm income, and net farm income than sustainable farmers. Conventional and sustainable farmers reported nearly the same amount of satisfaction with farming as an occupation, the same stress levels, and the same perceived skill requirements.
Search with stochastic home-returns can expedite classical first passage under resetting
Creators: name: Biswas, Arup
name: Kundu, Anupam
name: Pal, Arnab
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Classical first passage under resetting is a paradigm in the search process. Despite its multitude of applications across interdisciplinary sciences, experimental realizations of such resetting processes posit practical challenges in calibrating these zero time irreversible transitions. Here, we consider a strategy in which resetting is performed using finite time return protocols in lieu of instantaneous returns. These controls could also be accompanied with random fluctuations or errors allowing target detection even during the return phase. To better understand the phenomena, we develop a unified renewal approach that can encapsulate arbitrary search processes centered around home in a fairly general topography containing targets, various resetting times and return mechanisms in arbitrary dimensions. While such finite-time protocols would apparently seem to prolong the overall search time in comparison to the instantaneous resetting process, we show \textit{on the contrary} that a significant speed-up can be gained by leveraging the stochasticity in home-returns. The formalism is then explored to reveal a universal criterion distilling the benefits of this strategy. We demonstrate how this general principle can be utilized to improve overall performance of a one-dimensional diffusive search process reinforced with experimentally feasible parameters. We believe that such strategies designed with inherent randomness can be made optimal with precise controllability in complex search processes.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures
The effect of the 19F(alpha,p)22Ne reaction rate uncertainty on the yield of fluorine from Wolf-Rayet Stars
Creators: name: Stancliffe, R. J.
name: Lugaro, M.
name: Ugalde, C.
name: Tout, C. A.
name: Gorres, J.
name: Wiescher, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the light of recent recalculations of the \el{19}{F}(alpha,p)\el{22}{Ne} reaction rate we present results of the expected yield of \el{19}{F} from Wolf-Rayet (WR) stars. We have computed models using the upper and lower limits for the rate in addition to the recommended rate and hence we constrain the uncertainty in the yield with respect to this reaction. We find a yield of 3.1x10^{-4}M_sol of \el{19}{F} with our recommended rate and a difference of a factor of two between the yields computed with the upper and lower limits. In comparison with previous work we find a difference in the yield of approximately a factor of 4, connected to a different choice of mass loss. Model uncertainties must be carefully evaluated in order to obtain a reliable estimate of the yield of fluorine from WR stars together with its uncertainties.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Additional file 1 of Fetal ischemia monitoring with in vivo implanted electrochemical multiparametric microsensors
Creators: name: Dulay, Samuel
name: Rivas, Lourdes
name: Pla, Laura
name: Berdún, Sergio
name: Eixarch, Elisenda
name: Gratacós, Eduard
name: Illa, Miriam
name: Mir, Mònica
name: Samitier, Josep
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1.
Shell model study of even-even 132-134Te neutron-rich nuclei
Creators: name: Majeed, F. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Large-scale shell model calculations were performed for neutron-rich even-even $^{132-136}$Te using a realistic effective interaction derived from CD-Bonn nucleon-nucleon potential for the positive and negative parity states. The calculated results are compared with the recently available experimental data. The transition rates B(E2; 0$^+\to2^+$) are also calculated by taking into consideration core polarization effect by choosing best effective charges for proton and neutron. The result of our theoretical calculations are compared with experimental data and with the previous theoretical work. A very good agreement were obtained for all nuclei.
description: Comments 7 pages, 4 figures, Latex
Similarity of materials and data-quality assessment by fingerprinting
Creators: name: Kuban, Martin
name: Gabaj, Šimon
name: Aggoune, Wahib
name: Vona, Cecilia
name: Rigamonti, Santiago
name: Draxl, Claudia
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Similarity
subject: Spectral fingerprint
subject: Descriptor
subject: Data quality assessment
subject: 620 Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten

description: Identifying similar materials (i.e., those sharing a certain property or feature) requires interoperable data of high quality. It also requires means to measure similarity. We demonstrate how a spectral fingerprint as a descriptor, combined with a similarity metric, can be used for establishing quantitative relationships between materials data, thereby serving multiple purposes. This concerns, for instance, the identification of materials exhibiting electronic properties similar to a chosen one. The same approach can be used for assessing uncertainty in data that potentially come from different sources. Selected examples show how to quantify differences between measured optical spectra or the impact of methodology and computational parameters on calculated properties, like the density of states or excitonic spectra. Moreover, combining the same fingerprint with a clustering approach allows us to explore materials spaces in view of finding (un)expected trends or patterns. In all cases, we provide physical reasoning behind the findings of the automatized assessment of data.
Additional file 2 of In-silico analysis reveals druggable single nucleotide polymorphisms in angiotensin 1 converting enzyme involved in the onset of blood pressure
Creators: name: Udosen, Brenda
name: Soremekun, Opeyemi
name: Ekenna, Chinwe
name: Idowu Omotuyi, Olaposi
name: Chikowore, Tinashe
name: Nashiru, Oyekanmi
name: Fatumo, Segun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2: Fig. S1. Workflow chart depicting the step-by-step process of insilico analysis of ACE1 gene. Fig. S2. ACE1- Benazepril interactions highlighting interacting residues and interaction types for P351R (A), R953Q (B), I1018T (C), F1051V (D), and T1187M (E).
COST-BENEFIT AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF FUNGICIDES FOR SUPPRESSION OF FUSARIUM HEAD BLIGHT (SCAB) IN HARD RED SPRING WHEAT IN 1997
Creators: name: Haugen, Ronald H.
name: Aakre, Dwight G.
name: Haugen, Ronald H.
name: Aakre, Dwight G.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: Production Economics
subject: fusarium head blight
subject: scab
subject: fungicides
subject: hard red spring wheat
subject: cost-benefit
subject: statistical
subject: North Dakota

description: A cost-benefit and statistical analysis of fungicides for suppression of fusarium head blight (scab) in hard red spring wheat was completed on data from physical experiments done in Fargo and Carrington, North Dakota in 1997. Various fungicide data were analyzed by applying revenues and costs to the experiment yields to determine net revenue. The net revenues were analyzed statistically using a one-way ANOVA (analysis of variance). No statistical difference was found between the control and other treatment with the Fargo data. There was a statistical difference between the control and other treatments with the Carrington data. The data sets were combined and analyzed; location proved to be a significant factor.
Additional file 1 of Molecular evidence of IGFBP-3 dependent and independent VD3 action and its nonlinear response on IGFBP-3 induction in prostate cancer cells
Creators: name: Igarashi, Ko
name: Yui, Yoshihiro
name: Watanabe, Kenta
name: Kumai, Jun
name: Nishizawa, Yasuko
name: Miyaura, Chisato
name: Inada, Masaki
name: Sasagawa, Satoru
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Table 1. Sequence information of primers and oligos. Primer set used for real-time-RT-PCR and the oligo DNA sequence for shRNA expression vector construction are listed.
Equivalence between two-mode spin squeezed states and pure entangled states with equal spin
Creators: name: Berry, Dominic W.
name: Sanders, Barry C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We prove that a pure entangled state of two subsystems with equal spin is equivalent to a two-mode spin-squeezed state under local operations except for a set of bipartite states with measure zero, and we provide a counterexample to the generalization of this result to two subsystems of unequal spin.
description: 6 pages, no figures
Marcinkiewicz-Zygmund inequalities in variable Lebesgue spaces
Creators: name: Bonich, Marcos
name: Carando, Daniel
name: Mazzitelli, Martín
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study $\ell^r$-valued extensions of linear operators defined on Lebesgue spaces with variable exponent. Under some natural (and usual) conditions on the exponents, we characterize $1\leq r\leq \infty$ such that every bounded linear operator $T\colon L^{q(\cdot)}(Ω_2, μ)\to L^{p(\cdot)}(Ω_1, ν)$ has a bounded $\ell^r$-valued extension. We consider both non-atomic measures and measures with atoms and show the differences that can arise. We present some applications of our results to weighted norm inequalities of linear operators and vector-valued extensions of fractional operators with rough kernel.
Karrenberg, Friedrich (Hrsg.) / Schweitzer, Wolfgang (Hrsg.), Spannungsfelder der evangelischen Soziallehre
Creators: name: Wieske, Günter
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 10 Nr. 1 (1961): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 10, Heft 1
ECONOMIC EVALUATION OF WET CORN GLUTEN FEED IN BEEF FEEDLOT FINISHING
Creators: name: Haugen, Ronald H.
name: Hughes, Harlan G.
name: Haugen, Ronald H.
name: Hughes, Harlan G.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: wet corn gluten feed
subject: feeding trials
subject: feedlot
subject: finishing
subject: beef
subject: economic analysis
subject: North Dakota

description: An economic evaluation of wet corn gluten feed used in beef feedlot finishing was done. Data were from feeding trials at North Dakota State University. Four rations were analyzed at 0 percent, 28 percent, 56 percent, and 85 percent wet corn gluten based on dry matter intake. Data were entered into a computer model that integrated the feeding trial data with economic input and output prices. A typical feedlot example was used. Results indicated that the 56 percent ration was the most biologically efficient. A matrix of results can be shown for various corn prices, relative to wet corn gluten feed prices and quantities fed. Based on this study, wet corn gluten feed is priced competitively with other feed stuffs.
An economic analysis of fossil-fuel substitution for climate change mitigation
Creators: name: Graham, Peter John
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: In 1997, the Kyoto Protocol was adopted to limit greenhouse gas emissions in an attempt to mitigate climate change. The impetus for this thesis is Canada's commitment under this international agreement to reduce national greenhouse gas emissions to 6% below its 1990 levels by 2008-2012 as well as reducing our dependency on fossil fuels. The question posed here is: can using biomass from afforested lands and industrial wood waste as a fuel for energy production be an economically viable tool to reduce greenhouse gas levels in the atmosphere? To answer this, I first examine the two stages of afforestation's role in reducing greenhouse gas levels: its initial use as a carbon sink, and then its use as a renewable energy source that substitutes for fossil fuels. Next I examine the potential supply of biomass from afforested lands as well as from industrial wood waste. The production of ethanol from wood-biomass is then considered. Ethanol offers an excellent opportunity for greenhouse gas mitigation due to market potential, an ability to offset significant emissions from the transportation sector, and reduce emissions from CO₂-intensive waste-management systems. I follow with a case study of the economics of a hypothetical ethanol production facility using mathematical modeling. The results indicate that a facility capable of producing 122 million litres of ethanol annually would have a net present value of $245 million over a planning horizon of 36 years. This facility would require a supply of up to 960 oven-dry tonnes of wood-biomass per day and would result in net annual reductions of greenhouse gas emissions of approximately 349,000 tonnes of CO₂ equivalent (non-discounted). This includes the carbon sequestered through the afforestation of 66,000 hectares over 24 years as well as avoided emissions from fossil fuel substitution. In conclusion, then, I am able to answer the question with which I began: using biomass from afforested lands and industrial wood waste as a fuel for energy production can be an economically viable tool for reducing greenhouse gas levels in the atmosphere. By doing so, Canada can take a step towards meeting its Kyoto Protocol commitment, and would be taking a leading role in the vital move toward mitigating climate change. This will also reduce reliance on fossil fuels and reduce the sensitivity of transportation fuel prices to changes in gasoline prices.
Gravitational Waves from binary black holes in the extreme mass ratio regime: Self-force calculations
Creators: name: Lousto, Carlos O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a report on the progress made in the development of computational techniques to evaluate the gravitational radiation generated by a particle orbiting a massive black hole to second pertrubative order.
description: 7 pages. Contribution to 5th LISA Symposium
Classical and statistical limits of the quantum singular oscillator
Creators: name: Silva, Caio Fernando e
name: Bernardini, Alex E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The classical boundaries of the quantum singular oscillator (SO) is addressed under Weyl-Wigner phase-space and Bohmian mechanics frameworks as to comparatively evaluate phase-space and configuration space quantum trajectories as well as to compute distorting quantum fluctuations. For an engendered pure state \textit{quasi}-gaussian Wigner function that recovers the classical time evolution (at phase and configuration spaces), Bohmian trajectories are analytically obtained as to show how the SO energy and anharmonicity parameters drive the quantum regime through the so-called quantum force, which quantitatively distorts the recovered classical behavior. Extending the discussion of classical-quantum limits to a quantum statistical ensemble, the thermalized Wigner function and the corresponding Wigner currents are computed as to show how the temperature dependence affects the local quantum fluctuations. Considering that the level of quantum mixing is quantified by the quantum purity, the loss of information is quantified in terms of the temperature effects. Despite having contrasting phase-space flow profiles, two inequivalent quantum systems, namely the singular and the harmonic oscillators, besides reproducing stable classical limits, are shown to be statistically equivalent at thermal equilibrium, a fact that raises the SO non-linear system to a very particular category of quantum systems.
description: 6 figures, 31 pages
TOURISM POTENTIAL IN NORTH DAKOTA WITH EMPHASIS ON SOUTHWEST N.D.
Creators: name: Coyle, Kathy
name: Nelson, William C.
name: Coyle, Kathy
name: Nelson, William C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: North Dakota
subject: tourism
subject: vacation
subject: activities
subject: pastime
subject: marketing

description: This report evaluates tourism potential in North Dakota with special emphasis on southwest North Dakota. A survey of 808 Fargo residents in the summer of 1998 revealed strongest likes, dislikes, and their potential new interests while on vacation. Favorite pastimes while on vacation include (in rank order): viewing natural scenery, boating and other water sports, reading and relaxing, taking an ocean cruise, camping, spending time at unique shops, family activities, seeing historic sites, and viewing a sports event. Activities respondents had not done while on vacation but would like to try include (in rank order): cruising the ocean, ballooning, ranch/cowboy experience, parachuting, cross country skiing, canoeing, horseback riding, paleontology, hiking, and mountain biking. Other characteristics of the respondents are listed along with their advice to North Dakotans interested in increasing tourism. Numerous other studies relating to tourism are analyzed, including the likes and dislikes of the international visitor. Tourism is the fastest growing industry in America, but currently North Dakota is the least traveled state in the nation. This report encourages communities and businesses in southwest ND to work together in attracting more visitors. Activities, structural enhancements, communication through technology, workforce training, collaboration amongst communities, and co-op advertising, are all discussed.
Random acceleration process under stochastic resetting
Creators: name: Singh, Prashant
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the motion of a randomly accelerated particle in one dimension under stochastic resetting mechanism. Denoting the position and velocity by $x$ and $v$ respectively, we consider two different resetting protocols - (i) complete resetting: here both $x$ and $v$ reset to their initial values $x_0$ and $v_0$ at a constant rate $r$, (ii) partial resetting: here only $x$ resets to $x_0$ while $v$ evolves without interruption. For complete resetting, we find that the particle attains stationary state in both $x$ and $v$. We compute the non-equilibrium joint stationary state of $x$ and $v$ and also study the late time relaxation of the distribution function. On the other hand, for partial resetting, the joint distribution is always in the transient state. At large $t$, the position distribution possesses a scaling behaviour $(x/ \sqrt{t})$ which we rigorously derive. Next, we study the first passage time properties with an absorbing wall at the origin. For complete resetting, we find that the mean first passage time is rendered finite by the resetting mechanism. We explicitly derive the expressions for the mean first passage time and the survival probability at large $t$. However, in stark contrast, for partial resetting, we find that resetting does not render finite mean first passage time. This is because even though $x$ is brought to $x_0$, the large fluctuation in $v$ ($\sim \sqrt{t}$) can take the particle substantially far from the origin. All our analytic results are corroborated by the numerical simulations.
Jet Bundle Geometry of Scalar Field Theories
Creators: name: Alminawi, Mohammad
name: Brivio, Ilaria
name: Davighi, Joe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For scalar field theories, such as those EFTs describing the Higgs, it is well-known that the 2-derivative Lagrangian is captured by geometry. That is, the set of operators with exactly 2 derivatives can be obtained by pulling back a metric from a field space manifold $M$ to spacetime $Σ$. We here generalise this geometric understanding of scalar field theories to higher- (and lower-) derivative Lagrangians. We show how the entire EFT Lagrangian with up to 4-derivatives can be obtained from geometry by pulling back a metric to $Σ$ from the 1-jet bundle that is (roughly) associated with maps from $Σ$ to $M$. More precisely, our starting point is to trade the field space $M$ for a fibre bundle $π:E \to Σ$, with fibre $M$, of which the scalar field $ϕ$ is a local section. We discuss symmetries and field redefinitions in this bundle formalism, before showing how everything can be `prolongated' to the 1-jet bundle $J^1 E$ which, as a manifold, is the space of sections $ϕ$ that agree in their zeroth and first derivatives above each spacetime point. Equipped with a notion of (spacetime and internal) symmetry on $J^1 E$, the idea is that one can write down the most general metric on $J^1 E$ consistent with symmetries, in the spirit of the effective field theorist, and pull it back to spacetime to build an invariant Lagrangian; because $J^1 E$ has `derivative coordinates', one naturally obtains operators with more than 2-derivatives from this geometry. We apply this formalism to various examples, including a single real scalar in 4d and a quartet of real scalars with $O(4)$ symmetry that describes the Higgs EFTs. We show how an entire non-redundant basis of 0-, 2-, and 4-derivative operators is obtained from jet bundle geometry in this way. Finally, we study the connection to amplitudes and the role of geometric invariants.
description: 84 pages, 3 figures. Included a new proof that higher-jet bundle metrics yield complete EFT bases (up to a fixed number of derivatives); extended and generalised discussion of examples; two figures added; included discussion of topological terms; revised and elaborated on the connection to amplitudes
On triangulations with high vertex degree
Creators: name: Bernardi, Olivier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C30

description: We solve three enumerative problems concerning families of planar maps. More precisely, we establish algebraic equations for the generating function of non-separable triangulations in which all vertices have degree at least d, for a certain value d chosen in {3, 4, 5}. The originality of the problem lies in the fact that degree restrictions are placed both on vertices and faces. Our proofs first follow Tutte's classical approach: we decompose maps by deleting the root and translate the decomposition into an equation satisfied by the generating function of the maps under consideration. Then we proceed to solve the equation obtained using a recent technique that extends the so-called quadratic method.
ECONOMIC IMPACT OF RAILROAD ABANDONMENT: CARRINGTON-TO-TURTLE LAKE RAIL LINE; SUMMARY
Creators: name: Honeyman, Joel S.
name: Bangsund, Dean A.
name: Leistritz, F. Larry
name: Honeyman, Joel S.
name: Bangsund, Dean A.
name: Leistritz, F. Larry
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Public Economics
subject: rail abandonment
subject: economic impact
subject: rural communities

description: The Carrington-to-Turtle Lake rail line serves five agricultural shippers in a four county area in central North Dakota. Service on the line has been affected by recent embargoes, floods, and poor, deteriorating track conditions. The line is a strong candidate for abandonment as efforts to rehabilitate the line have lacked financial support. Prior to this study, a benefit/cost study, which compares benefits and costs of a rail line reconstruction, was performed for the rail line in an attempt to secure financial assistance for rehabilitation. Railroad abandonment impacts rural communities and local economies in a variety of ways. Businesses that use rail for transportation usually experience a change in their shipping options. Instead of sending and/or receiving materials and supplies by rail, those items must be moved by truck. The severity of the change is often a function of the amount of material shipped and distance hauled. Rail abandonment affects property values. In the absence of tax rate changes, reduced property values translate directly into lower property tax revenues for local governments. Rural areas, especially in North Dakota, often do not have adequate road and highway infrastructure to absorb movements of grain and agricultural inputs exclusively by truck. The transference of rail movements to truck traffic accelerates the deterioration of local roads and highways. Abandonment of the Carrington-to-Turtle Lake rail line was estimated to increase transportation costs for shippers on the line by $329,000 annually. A majority of the increase in transportation costs would be incurred by farmers in the form of reduced commodity prices. The North Dakota Input-Output Model estimated that the $329,000 in direct impacts would generate an additional $682,000 in secondary impacts. Total economic losses for the regional economy were estimated to be $1 million annually. Additional impacts included an annual loss of $17,900 in state-collected tax revenue. Annual net costs (i.e., damages less additional user revenues) to repair and maintain state roads impacted from increased truck traffic were estimated at $297,000 for resurfacing and $868,000 for reconstruction.
Average Estimates in Line Graphs Are Biased Toward Areas of Higher Variability
Creators: name: Moritz, Dominik
name: Padilla, Lace M.
name: Nguyen, Francis
name: Franconeri, Steven L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We investigate variability overweighting, a previously undocumented bias in line graphs, where estimates of average value are biased toward areas of higher variability in that line. We found this effect across two preregistered experiments with 140 and 420 participants. These experiments also show that the bias is reduced when using a dot encoding of the same series. We can model the bias with the average of the data series and the average of the points drawn along the line. This bias might arise because higher variability leads to stronger weighting in the average calculation, either due to the longer line segments (even though those segments contain the same number of data values) or line segments with higher variability being otherwise more visually salient. Understanding and predicting this bias is important for visualization design guidelines, recommendation systems, and tool builders, as the bias can adversely affect estimates of averages and trends.
Measure-operator convolutions and applications to mixed-state Gabor multipliers
Creators: name: Feichtinger, Hans G.
name: Halvdansson, Simon
name: Luef, Franz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: For the Weyl-Heisenberg group, convolutions between functions and operators were defined by Werner as a part of a framework called quantum harmonic analysis. We show how recent results by Feichtinger can be used to extend this definition to include convolutions between measures and operators. Many properties of function-operator convolutions carry over to this setting and allow us to prove novel results on the distribution of eigenvalues of mixed-state Gabor multipliers and derive a version of the Berezin-Lieb inequality for lattices. New results on the continuity of Gabor multipliers with respect to lattice parameters, masks and windows as well as their ability to approximate localization operators are also derived using this framework.
description: 28 pages, updated Section 4.3
Additional file 3 of Implementation of a national electronic health information system in Gabon: a survey of healthcare providers’ perceptions
Creators: name: Bagayoko, Cheick Oumar
name: Tchuente, Jack
name: Diakaridia Traoré
name: Lipenguet, Gaetan Moukoumbi
name: Mbenga, Raymond Ondzigue
name: Koumamba, Aimé Patrice
name: Ondjani, Myriam Corille
name: Ndjeli, Olive Lea
name: Gagnon, Marie-Pierre
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Information Systems
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 3. Construct reliability of the model.
Non-singlet Q-deformation of the N=(1,1) gauge multiplet in harmonic superspace
Creators: name: De Castro, A.
name: Ivanov, E.
name: Lechtenfeld, O.
name: Quevedo, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a non-anticommutative chiral non-singlet deformation of the N=(1,1) abelian gauge multiplet in Euclidean harmonic superspace with a product ansatz for the deformation matrix, C^{(αβ)}_{(ik)} = c^{(αβ)}b_{(ik)}. This allows us to obtain in closed form the gauge transformations and the unbroken N=(1,0) supersymmetry transformations preserving the Wess-Zumino gauge, as well as the bosonic sector of the N=(1,0) invariant action. As in the case of a singlet deformation, the bosonic action can be cast in a form where it differs from the free action merely by a scalar factor. The latter is now given by \cosh^2 (2\barϕ\sqrt{c^2 b^2}}), with \barϕbeing one of two scalar fields of the N=(1,1) vector multiplet. We compare our results with previous studies of non-singlet deformations, including the degenerate case b^2=0 which preserves the N=(1,1/2) fraction of N=(1,1) supersymmetry.
description: 1+30 pages. Eq. (3.36) corrected. Extended concluding remarks. Version to appear in NPB
Dual supermassive black holes at close separation revealed by the Hyper Suprime-Cam Subaru Strategic Program
Creators: name: Silverman, John D.
name: Tang, Shenli
name: Lee, Khee-Gan
name: Hartwig, Tilman
name: Goulding, Andy
name: Strauss, Michael A.
name: Schramm, Malte
name: Ding, Xuheng
name: Riffel, Rogemar
name: Fujimoto, Seiji
name: Hikage, Chiaki
name: Imanishi, Masatoshi
name: Iwasawa, Kazushi
name: Jahnke, Knud
name: Kayo, Issha
name: Kashikawa, Nobunari
name: Kawaguchi, Toshihiro
name: Kohno, Kotaro
name: Luo, Wentao
name: Matsuoka, Yoshiki
name: Matsuda, Yuichi
name: Nagao, Tohru
name: Oguri, Masamune
name: Ono, Yoshiaki
name: Onoue, Masafusa
name: Ouchi, Masami
name: Shimasaku, Kazuhiro
name: Suh, Hyewon
name: Suzuki, Nao
name: Taniguchi, Yoshiaki
name: Toba, Yoshiki
name: Ueda, Yoshihiro
name: Yasuda, Naoki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The unique combination of superb spatial resolution, wide-area coverage, and deep depth of the optical imaging from the Hyper Suprime-Cam (HSC) Subaru Strategic Program is utilized to search for dual quasar candidates. Using an automated image analysis routine on 34,476 known SDSS quasars, we identify those with two (or more) distinct optical point sources in HSC images covering 796 deg^2. We find 421 candidates out to a redshift of 4.5 of which one hundred or so are more likely after filtering out contaminating stars. Angular separations of 0.6 - 4.0" correspond to projected separations of 3 - 30 kpc, a range relatively unexplored for population studies of luminous dual quasars. Using Keck-I/LRIS and Gemini-N/NIFS, we spectroscopically confirm three dual quasar systems at z < 1, two of which are previously unknown out of eight observed, based on the presence of characteristic broad emission lines in each component, while highlighting that the continuum of one object in one of the pairs is reddened. In all cases, the [OIII]5007 emission lines have mild velocity offsets, thus the joint [OIII] line profile is not double-peaked. We find a dual quasar fraction of 0.26+/-0.18% and no evidence for evolution. A comparison with the Horizon-AGN simulation seems to support the case of no evolution in the dual quasar fraction when broadly matching the quasar selection. These results may indicate a scenario in which the frequency of the simultaneous triggering of luminous quasars is not as sensitive as expected to the cosmic evolution of the merger rate or gas content of galaxies.
description: 11 pages; 12 figures; Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal
Additional file 2 of What evidence exists on the impact of anthropogenic radiofrequency electromagnetic fields on animals and plants in the environment? A systematic map protocol
Creators: name: Karipidis, Ken
name: Brzozek, Chris
name: Bhatt, Chhavi Raj
name: Loughran, Sarah
name: Wood, Andrew
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2. Boolean Search Strings.
Exact diagonalization using hierarchical wave functions and calculation of topological entanglement entropy
Creators: name: Gaur, Deepak
name: Sable, Hrushikesh
name: Angom, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we describe a new technique for numerical exact diagonalization. The method is particularly suitable for cold bosonic atoms in optical lattices, in which multiple atoms can occupy a lattice site. We describe the use of the method for Bose-Hubbard model of a two-dimensional square lattice system as an example; however, the method is general and can be applied to other lattice models and can be adapted to three-dimensional systems. The proposed numerical technique focuses in detail on how to construct the basis states as a hierarchy of wave functions. Starting from single-site Fock states, we construct the basis set in terms of row states and multirow states. This simplifies the application of constraints and calculation of the Hamiltonian matrix. The approach simplifies the calculation of the reduced density matrices, and this has applications in characterizing the topological entanglement of the state. Each step of the method can be parallelized to accelerate the computation. As a case study, we discuss the computation of the spatial bipartite entanglement entropy in the correlated $ν= 1/2$ fractional quantum Hall state.
description: 15 pages, 11 figures, Published in the October issue of Phys. Rev. A
CNN-Based Semantic Change Detection in Satellite Imagery
Creators: name: Gupta, Ananya
name: Welburn, Elisabeth
name: Watson, Simon
name: Yin, Hujun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Timely disaster risk management requires accurate road maps and prompt damage assessment. Currently, this is done by volunteers manually marking satellite imagery of affected areas but this process is slow and often error-prone. Segmentation algorithms can be applied to satellite images to detect road networks. However, existing methods are unsuitable for disaster-struck areas as they make assumptions about the road network topology which may no longer be valid in these scenarios. Herein, we propose a CNN-based framework for identifying accessible roads in post-disaster imagery by detecting changes from pre-disaster imagery. Graph theory is combined with the CNN output for detecting semantic changes in road networks with OpenStreetMap data. Our results are validated with data of a tsunami-affected region in Palu, Indonesia acquired from DigitalGlobe.
IMPEDIMENTS TO CONTROLLING LEAFY SPURGE IN THE NORTHERN GREAT PLAINS
Creators: name: Sell, Randall S.
name: Bangsund, Dean A.
name: Leistritz, F. Larry
name: Sell, Randall S.
name: Bangsund, Dean A.
name: Leistritz, F. Larry
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: Production Economics
subject: leafy spurge management
subject: ranchers
subject: county weed boards
subject: public land managers
subject: policy makers

description: Leafy spurge is an invasive noxious weed, which by definition means it is inordinately difficult to control. The objective of this report is to present the results of focus group meetings and personal interviews with ranchers, local decision makers, and public land managers to discover strategies to improve leafy spurge management. Participants in the interviews and focus group meetings managed property in Fallon, Carter, and Wibaux Counties of Montana; Golden Valley, Bowman, Billings, and Slope Counties of North Dakota; Harding County of South Dakota; and Crook County of Wyoming. Ranchers and local decision makers believe that leafy spurge control must become more proactive rather than reactive; current strategies are largely reactive. Interviews with ranchers and local decision makers revealed that a considerable gap in understanding how to control leafy spurge exists between researchers and those attempting to combat the weed. Interviewers often mentioned that they have been unable to eradicate leafy spurge, which indicates that the current mind set of ranchers and land managers needs to change to one focusing more on controlling and managing leafy spurge rather than eradication. Specific recommendations would include 1) reducing the current levels of herbicide application rates - which are often two to three times higher than rates recommended by weed scientists, 2) must appreciate that herbicides are but one tool in the battle against leafy spurge, 3) must understand that in many cases eradication of leafy spurge will not be possible - the goal should be trying to control it, and 4) rangeland rental rates need to reflect current levels of weed infestations. Records of weed infestations (e.g., acreage, location, rate of spread, attempts at control) on public lands are woefully inadequate. Cooperation between ranchers, county weed boards, and public land agencies could be improved to enhance the effectiveness of existing control programs. Weed control regardless of land ownership is important for ranchers, absentee landowners, and public agencies to effectively control leafy spurge. In general, ranchers and land managers need to generate a broader base of support for control of leafy spurge, since the weed attacks the entire ecosystem and is not just an agricultural problem.