cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Experimental Proof of the Existence of a Bifurcation Process During the undrained test in Clay
Creators: name: Evesque, P.
name: Hattab, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent papers, based on a new simple incremental modelling which assumes an "isotropic" response, predicts that the trajectory followed during an undrained compression test exhibits a bifurcation process when the stress field arrives at q=M'p', where q stands for the deviatoric stress, p' for the mean stress and M' is a coefficient describing friction. This indicates a discontinuous change of solution when arriving at q=M'p'. This paper looks at experimental data on dense sample obtained at p'=constant, and it shows that the trajectory (p'=constant, v=constant) does continue to exist at and beyond the q=M'p' plane. So, this demonstrates the validity of the analysis which uses the bifurcation theory and this strengthens the proposed modelling. Indeed, this demonstrates the reality of the bifurcation process during undrained compression. Pacs # : 5.40 ; 45.70 ; 62.20 ; 83.70.Fn
description: 4 pages + 1 page, 1 Figure
Quantum Hair on Colliding Black Holes
Creators: name: Crowell, Lawrence
name: Corda, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Abstract Black hole collision produce gravitational radiation which is generally thought in a quantum limit to be gravitons. The stretched horizon of a black hole contains quantum information, or a form of quantum hair, which in a coalescence of black holes participates in the generation of gravitons. This may be facilitated with a Bohr-like approach to black hole (BH) quantum physics with quasi-normal mode (QNM) approach to BH quantum mechanics. Quantum gravity and quantum hair on event horizons is excited to higher energy in BH coalescence. The near horizon condition for two BHs right before collision is a deformed AdS spacetime. These excited states of BH quantum hair then relax with the production of gravitons. This is then argued to define RT entropy given by quantum hair on the horizons. These qubits of information from a BH coalescence should then appear in gravitational wave (GW) data. This is a form of the standard AdS/CFT correspondence and the Ryu-Takayanagi (RT) formula.
description: 20 pages, 1 figure, published in the Entropy Special Issue "Relativistic Quantum Information", Edited by Fabrizio Tamburini and Ignazio Licata
Orbital fluctuations and strong correlations in quantum dots
Creators: name: Zarand, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this lecture note we focus our attention to quantum dot systems where exotic strongly correlated behavior develops due to the presence of orbital or charge degrees of freedom. After giving a concise overview of the theory of transport and Kondo effect through a single electron transistor, we discuss how SU(4) Kondo effect develops in dots having orbitally degenerate states and in double dot systems, and then study the singlet-triplet transition in lateral quantum dots. Charge fluctuations and Matveev's mapping to the two-channel Kondo model in the vicinity of charge degeneracy point are also discussed.
description: Lecture note to appear in Philosophical Magazine
Exceeding Conservative Limits: A Consolidated Analysis on Modern Hardware Margins
Creators: name: Papadimitriou, George
name: Chatzidimitriou, Athanasios
name: Gizopoulos, Dimitris
name: Reddi, Vijay Janapa
name: Leng, Jingwen
name: Salami, Behzad
name: Unsal, Osman S.
name: Kestelman, Adrian Cristal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Hardware Architecture (cs.AR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Modern large-scale computing systems (data centers, supercomputers, cloud and edge setups and high-end cyber-physical systems) employ heterogeneous architectures that consist of multicore CPUs, general-purpose many-core GPUs, and programmable FPGAs. The effective utilization of these architectures poses several challenges, among which a primary one is power consumption. Voltage reduction is one of the most efficient methods to reduce power consumption of a chip. With the galloping adoption of hardware accelerators (i.e., GPUs and FPGAs) in large datacenters and other large-scale computing infrastructures, a comprehensive evaluation of the safe voltage reduction levels for each different chip can be employed for efficient reduction of the total power. We present a survey of recent studies in voltage margins reduction at the system level for modern CPUs, GPUs and FPGAs. The pessimistic voltage guardbands inserted by the silicon vendors can be exploited in all devices for significant power savings. On average, voltage reduction can reach 12% in multicore CPUs, 20% in manycore GPUs and 39% in FPGAs.
description: Accepted for publication in IEEE Transactions on Device and Materials Reliability
A Self-Organized-Criticality model consistent with statistical properties of edge turbulence in a fusion plasma
Creators: name: Sattin, Fabio
name: Baiesi, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The statistical properties of the intermittent signal generated by a recent model for self-organized-criticality (SOC) are examined. A successful comparison is made with previously published results of the equivalent quantities measured in the electrostatic turbulence at the edge of a fusion plasma. This result re-establishes SOC as a potential paradigm for transport in magnetic fusion devices, overriding shortcomings pointed out in earlier works [E. Spada, et al, Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 3032 (2001); V. Antoni, et al, Phys. Rev. Lett. 87, 045001 (2001)].
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Wall entrapment of peritrichous bacteria: A mesoscale hydrodynamics simulation study
Creators: name: Mousavi, S. Mahdiyeh
name: Gompper, Gerhard
name: Winkler, Roland G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Microswimmers such as E. Coli bacteria accumulate and exhibit an intriguing dynamics near walls, governed by hydrodynamic and steric interactions. Insight into the underlying mechanisms and predominant interactions demand a detailed characterization of the entrapment process. We employ a mesoscale hydrodynamics simulation approach to study entrapment of a E. coli-type cell at a no-slip wall. The cell is modeled by a spherocylindrical body with several explicit helical flagella. Three stages of the entrapment process can be distinguished: the approaching regime, where a cell swims toward the wall on a nearly straight trajectory; a scattering regime, where the cell touches the wall, with an reorientation; and a surface-swimming regime. Our simulations show that steric interactions may dominate the entrapment process, yet, hydrodynamic interactions slow down the adsorption dynamics close to the boundary and imply a circular motion on the wall. The locomotion of the cell is characterized by a strong wobbling dynamics, with cells preferentially pointing toward the wall.
Effect of second-rank random anisotropy on critical phenomena of random field O(N) spin model in the large N limit
Creators: name: Sakamoto, Yoshinori
name: Mukaida, Hisamitsu
name: Itoi, Chigak
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the critical behavior of a random field O($N$) spin model with a second-rank random anisotropy term in spatial dimensions $4
description: 19 pages, 5 figures
Muras, Gerhard (Hrsg.), Wo steht die Ökumene heute?
Creators: name: Schulz, Otmar
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 16 Nr. 4 (1967): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 16, Heft 4
Strength model and finite element analysis of wood beam-columns in truss applications
Creators: name: Lau, Wilson Wai Shing
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: A. comprehensive stochastic finite element model for analyzing and predicting the load carrying capacity of beams and beam-columns is developed and presented. By incorporating the stochastic lumber properties, the model characterizes the within-member and betweenmember variability of the lumber properties to predict the response variability in the load carrying capacity. Applications of the model require the determination of model parameters by calibrating the model with experimental data. An extensive experimental program on a large number of members in both compact and structural sizes was conducted. In order to confirm the validity of the model, the model has been verified by comparing results obtained from additional full-size testing. The finite element model utilizes one-dimensional beam elements incorporating large displacement but small strains. Due to the large inherent displacements and yielding of the members before reaching the ultimate load, non-linearities in both geometry and material are assumed. In addition, a new stress-strain equation is proposed. The Newton-Raphson Method was also used to iterate to the true solution at each load step. Specific material properties of the member are modeled as one-dimensional stochastic field variables in the finite element program. As these properties may not be ergodic stationary processes, trend removal and normalization procedures were used to transform these material property processes into ergodic stationary processes. Fast Fourier transform was utilized to obtain the spectrum, transfer functions and coherence functions of these properties. Both auto- and cross-spectra were studied so that correlations between these processes were maintained during the simulations. Realizations of the material properties were simulated by a single input - multiple output random field model. Trends were then added to these ergodic stationary processes to generate the lumber properties. The interaction relation between applied axial load and moment was also studied. Using the finite element program and the random field model, the interaction behaviour of axial load and moment was simulated and percentile statistics were determined accordingly. Several other applications of the model and the finite element program are discussed, including the evaluation of the existing codes, axial load-slenderness curves, size, and load configuration effects.
$^{16}$C inelastic scattering studied with microscopic coupled-channels method
Creators: name: Takashina, M.
name: Kanada-En'yo, Y.
name: Sakuragi, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In order to test the $^{16}$C internal wave function, we perform microscopic coupled-channels (MCC) calculations of the $^{16}$C($0_1^+ \to 2_1^+$) inelastic scattering by $^{208}$Pb target at $E/A$=52.7 MeV using the antisymmetrized molecular dynamics (AMD) wave functions of $^{16}$C, and compare the calculated differential cross sections with the measured ones. The MCC calculations with AMD wave functions reproduce the experimental data fairly well, although they slightly underestimate the magnitude of the cross sections. The absolute magnitude of calculated differential cross sections is found to be sensitive to the neutron excitation strength. We prove that the MCC method is a useful tool to connect the inelastic scattering data with the internal wave functions.
description: 9 pages, 9 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. C; revised
DPDnet: A Robust People Detector using Deep Learning with an Overhead Depth Camera
Creators: name: Fuentes-Jimenez, David
name: Martin-Lopez, Roberto
name: Losada-Gutierrez, Cristina
name: Casillas-Perez, David
name: Macias-Guarasa, Javier
name: Pizarro, Daniel
name: Luna, Carlos A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper we propose a method based on deep learning that detects multiple people from a single overhead depth image with high reliability. Our neural network, called DPDnet, is based on two fully-convolutional encoder-decoder neural blocks based on residual layers. The Main Block takes a depth image as input and generates a pixel-wise confidence map, where each detected person in the image is represented by a Gaussian-like distribution. The refinement block combines the depth image and the output from the main block, to refine the confidence map. Both blocks are simultaneously trained end-to-end using depth images and head position labels. The experimental work shows that DPDNet outperforms state-of-the-art methods, with accuracies greater than 99% in three different publicly available datasets, without retraining not fine-tuning. In addition, the computational complexity of our proposal is independent of the number of people in the scene and runs in real time using conventional GPUs.
Interference of a variable number of coherent atomic sources
Creators: name: Cennini, Giovanni
name: Geckeler, Carsten
name: Ritt, Gunnar
name: Weitz, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have studied the interference of a variable number of independently created $m_F=0$ microcondensates in a CO$_{2}$-laser optical lattice. The observed average interference contrast decreases with condensate number N. Our experimental results agree well with the predictions of a random walk model. While the exact result can be given in terms of Kluyver's formula, for a large number of sources a $1/\sqrt{N}$ scaling of the average fringe contrast is obtained. This scaling law is found to be of more general applicability when quantifying the decay of coherence of an ensemble with N independently phased sources.
Top-down fabricated reconfigurable FET with two symmetric and high-current on-states
Creators: name: Simon, Maik
name: Liang, Boshen
name: Fischer, Dustin
name: Knaut, Martin
name: Tahn, Alexander
name: Mikolajick, Thomas
name: Weber, Walter M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate a top-down fabricated reconfigurable field effect transistor (RFET) based on a silicon nanowire that can be electrostatically programmed to p- and n-configuration. The device unites a high symmetry of transfer characteristics, high on/off current ratios in both configurations and superior current densities in comparison to other top-down fabricated RFETs. Two NiSi2/Si Schottky junctions are formed inside the wire and gated individually. The narrow omega-gated channel is fabricated by a repeated SiO2 etch and growth sequence and a conformal TiN deposition. The gate and Schottky contact metal work functions and the oxide-induced compressive stress to the Schottky junction are adjusted to result in only factor 1.6 higher p- than n-current for in absolute terms identical gate voltages and identical drain voltages.
description: Nanowires, Reconfigurable field effect transistors, Polarity control, Electrostatic doping, Silicon on insulator technology, Omega-gates, Multiple-gate devices
ep-Finite Basis of Master Integrals for the Integration-By-Parts Method
Creators: name: Chetyrkin, K. G.
name: Faisst, M.
name: Sturm, C.
name: Tentyukov, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that for every problem within dimensional regularization, using the Integration-By-Parts method, one is able to construct a set of master integrals such that each corresponding coefficient function is finite in the limit of dimension equal to four. We argue that the use of such a basis simplifies and stabilizes the numerical evaluation of the master integrals. As an example we explicitly construct the ep-finite basis for the set of all QED-like four-loop massive tadpoles. Using a semi-numerical approach based on Pade approximations we evaluate analytically the divergent and numerically the finite part of this set of master integrals. The calculations confirm the recent results of Schröder and Vuorinen. All the contributions found there by fitting the high precision numerical results have been confirmed by direct analytical calculation without using any numerical input.
description: 27 pages, 3 figures, a citation is added, final version
Video-speed Graphene Modulator Arrays for Terahertz Imaging Applications
Creators: name: Malevich, Yury
name: Ergoktas, M. Said
name: Bakan, Gokhan
name: Steiner, Pietro
name: Kocabas, Coskun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electrically tuneable high mobility charges on graphene yield an efficient electro-optical platform to control and manipulate terahertz (THz) waves. Real-world applications require a multiplex THz device with efficient modulation over a large active area. The trade-off between the efficient gating and switching speed, however, hinders the realization of these applications. Here, we demonstrate a large-format 256-pixel THz modulator which provides high-frame-rate reconfigurable transmission patterns. The time-domain and frequency-domain THz characterizations of graphene devices reveal the relaxation pathways of gate-induced charges and ion packing at graphene-electrolyte interface. The fundamental understanding of these limiting factors enables us to break the trade-off permitting switching frequencies up to 1 kHz. To show the promises of these devices, we demonstrate a single-pixel THz camera which allows spatial and spectroscopic imaging of large-area objects without any moving components. These results provide a significant advancement towards the achievement of non-invasive THz imaging systems using graphene-based platforms.
description: 16 pages, 5 figures
Supersymmetric (non-)Abelian Bundles in the Type I and SO(32) Heterotic String
Creators: name: Blumenhagen, Ralph
name: Honecker, Gabriele
name: Weigand, Timo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss perturbative four-dimensional compactifications of both the SO(32) heterotic and the Type I string on smooth Calabi-Yau manifolds endowed with general non-abelian and abelian bundles. We analyse the generalized Green-Schwarz mechanism for multiple anomalous U(1) factors and derive the generically non-universal one-loop threshold corrections to the gauge kinetic function as well as the one-loop corrected Fayet-Iliopoulos terms. The latter can be interpreted as a stringy one-loop correction to the Donaldson-Uhlenbeck-Yau condition. Applying S-duality, for the Type I string we obtain the perturbative Pi-stability condition for non-abelian bundles on curved spaces. Some simple examples are given, and we qualitatively discuss some generic phenomenological aspects of this kind of string vacua. In particular, we point out that in principle an intermediate string scale scenario with TeV scale large extra dimensions might be possible for the heterotic string.
description: LaTeX, 32 pages, v2: refs added
Catching the phantom: the MSSM on the Z6-orientifold
Creators: name: Ott, Tassilo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: These lecture notes give a short introduction of the derivation of the supersymmetric standard model on the Z6-orientifold as published in hep-th/0404055. Untwisted and twisted cycles are constructed and one specific model is discussed in more detail.
description: To appear in the proceedings of RTN Workshop on the Quantum Structure of Space-time and the Geometric Nature of Fundamental Interactions and EXT Workshop on Fundamental Interactions and the Structure of Spacetime, Kolymbari, Crete, Greece, 5-10 Sep 2004
POVERTY AND DIVERSITY OF LIVELIHOOD SYSTEMS IN POST-APARTHEID RURAL SOUTH AFRICA: INSIGHTS INTO LOCAL LEVELS IN THE EASTERN CAPE PROVINCE
Creators: name: Perret, Sylvain R.
name: Perret, Sylvain R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: Food Security and Poverty
Land Economics/Use

description: This paper highlights the plight of black rural areas in South Africa, in which deep poverty and weak subsistence agriculture are embedded. The apartheid policy and its numerous measures are the first causes of such a situation. Besides, the existence of a relatively well-developed non-agricultural labour market also maintains productive agricultural activities at a low level. This paper attempts to contextualize those elements in the Eastern Cape province. At province level, the paper first provides the main features of poverty and livelihood systems. Then, typological approaches are used to better understand the socio-economic diversity of local livelihood systems, beyond generic statistics. The results show that diversity is a major trait of local livelihood systems. Pensions and remittances are the pillars of livelihood systems, whereas local off-farm job opportunities remain scarce. Farming activities, although widespread, form a significant source of cash income for a small proportion of households. The factors influencing such a diversity and the evolution of types are discussed. It is confirmed that rural areas in Transkei follow some major trends that have been identified at a global level: diversification of rural livelihood at household level, de-agrarianisation and de-peasantisation at community level.
Central limit theorems for a class of irreducible multicolor urn models
Creators: name: Basak, Gopal K.
name: Dasgupta, Amites
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary: 60F17; Secondary: 60J30, 60G15, 60G45

description: We take a unified approach to central limit theorems for a class of irreducible urn models with constant replacement matrix. Depending on the eigenvalue, we consider appropriate linear combinations of the number of balls of different colors. Then under appropriate norming the multivariate distribution of the weak limits of these linear combinations is obtained and independence and dependence issues are investigated.
description: 33 pages
Rapidity distribution at soft-virtual and beyond for n-colorless particles to N$^4$LO in QCD
Creators: name: Ahmed, Taushif
name: H., Ajjath A.
name: Mukherjee, Pooja
name: Ravindran, V.
name: Sankar, Aparna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a systematic framework to study the threshold contributions of the differential rapidity distribution for the production of any number of colorless particles in the hadronic colliders. This has been achieved based on the universality structure of the soft enhancements associated with the real emissions, along with the factorization property of the differential cross section and the renormalization group invariance. In this formalism, we present a universal soft-collinear operator to compute the soft virtual differential cross section for a generic $2\rightarrow n$ scattering process up to next-to-next-to-next-to-next-to-leading order (N$^4$LO) in perturbative QCD. We also provide a universal operator to perform the threshold resummation to next-to-next-to-next-to-leading logarithmic (N$^3$LL) accuracy. We explicitly present the approximate analytical results of the rapidity distributions at N$^4$LO and N$^3$LL for the Higgs boson production through gluon fusion and bottom quark annihilation, and also for the Drell-Yan production at the hadronic collider. \textcolor{black}{We extend our framework to include the next to threshold contributions for the diagonal partonic channels.
description: 27
The structure of automorphism groups of semigroup inflations
Creators: name: Kudryavtseva, Ganna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: It is proved that the automorphism group of a semigroup being an inflation of its proper subsemigroup decomposes into a semidirect product of two groups one of which is a direct sum of full symmetric groups.
description: 6 pages
Multi-Objective Energy Efficient Resource Allocation and User Association for In-band Full Duplex Small-Cells
Creators: name: Zarandi, Sheyda
name: Khalili, Ata
name: Rasti, Mehdi
name: Tabassum, Hina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we develop a framework to maximize the network energy efficiency (EE) by optimizing joint user-base station~(BS) association,~subchannel assignment, and power control considering an in-band full-duplex (IBFD)-enabled small-cell network. We maximize EE (ratio of network aggregate throughput and power consumption) while guaranteeing a minimum data rate requirement in both the uplink and downlink. The considered problem belongs to the category of mixed-integer non-linear programming problem (MINLP), {\color{black} and thus is NP-hard}. To cope up with this complexity and to derive a trade-off between system throughput and energy utilization, we first restate the considered problem as a multi-objective optimization problem (MOOP) aiming at maximizing system's throughput and minimizing system's energy consumption, simultaneously. This MOOP is then tackled by using $ε$-constraint method. To do so, we first transform the binary subchannel and BS assignment variables into continuous ones without altering the feasible region of the problem and then approximate the non-convex rate functions through majorization-minimization (MM) approach. Simulation results are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed algorithm in improving network's EE compared to the existing literature.~Furthermore, simulation results unveil that by employing the IBFD capability in OFDMA networks, our proposed resource allocation algorithm achieves a $69\%$ improvement in the EE as compared to the half-duplex system for practical values of residual self-interference.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1907.08250
Gravitational Wave observatories may be able to detect hyperbolic encounters of Black Holes
Creators: name: Mukherjee, Sajal
name: Mitra, Sanjit
name: Chatterjee, Sourav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gravitational Wave (GW) astronomy promises to observe different kinds of astrophysical sources. Here we explore the possibility of detection of GWs from hyperbolic interactions of compact stars with ground-based interferometric detectors. It is believed that a bound compact cluster, such as a globular cluster, can be a primary environment for these interactions. We estimate the detection rates for such events by considering local geometry within the cluster, accounting for scattering probability of compact stars at finite distances, and assuming realistic cluster properties guided by available numerical models, their formation times, and evolution of stars inside them. We find that, even in the conservative limit, it may be possible to detect such black hole encounters in the next few years by the present network of observatories with the ongoing sensitivity upgrades and one to few events per year with the next generation observatories. In practice, actual detection rates can significantly surpass the estimated average rates, since the chances of finding outliers in a very large population can be high. Such observations (or, no observation) may provide crucial constraints to estimate the number of isolated compact stars in the universe. These detections will be exciting discoveries on their own and will be complimentary to observations of binary mergers bringing us one step closer to address a fundamental question, how many black holes are there in the observable universe.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures
Beckman, Joachim, Kirchliches Jahrbuch für die Evangelische Kirche in Deutschland 1965
Creators: name: Krüger
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 16 Nr. 4 (1967): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 16, Heft 4
A high fidelity heralded squeezing gate
Creators: name: Zhao, Jie
name: Liu, Kui
name: Hao, Jeng
name: Gu, Mile
name: Thompson, Jayne
name: Lam, Ping Koy
name: Assad, Syed
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A universal squeezing gate capable of squeezing arbitrary input states is essential for continuous-variable quantum computation~\cite{PRA79062318,PRL112120504}. However, in present state-of-the-art techniques~\cite{PRA90060302,PRL106240504}, the fidelity of such gates is ultimately limited by the need to create squeezed vacuum modes of unbounded energy. Here we circumvent this fundamental limitation by using a heralded squeezing gate. We propose and experimentally demonstrate a squeezing gate that can achieve near unit fidelity for coherent input states. In particular, for a target squeezing of \SI{2.3}{\dB}, we report a fidelity of \SI{98.5}{\%}. This result cannot be reproduced by conventional schemes even if the currently best available squeezing of \SI{15}{\dB}~\cite{PRL117110801} is utilised when benchmarked on identical detection inefficiencies. Our technique can be applied to non-Gaussian states and provides a promising pathway towards high-fidelity gate operations and fault-tolerant quantum computation.
Novel interpretation of the latest AMS-02 cosmic-ray electron spectrum
Creators: name: Di Mauro, Mattia
name: Donato, Fiorenza
name: Manconi, Silvia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The latest AMS-02 data on cosmic ray electrons show a break in the energy spectrum around 40 GeV, with a change in the slope of about 0.1. We perform a combined fit to the newest AMS-02 positron and electron flux data above 10 GeV using a semi-analytical diffusion model where sources includes production of pairs from pulsar wind nebulae (PWNe), electrons from supernova remnants (SNRs) and both species from spallation of hadronic cosmic rays with interstellar medium atoms. We demonstrate that within our setup the change of slope in the AMS-02 electron data is well explained by the interplay between the flux contributions from SNRs and from PWNe. In fact, the relative contribution to the data of these two populations changes by a factor of about 13 from 10 to 1000 GeV. The PWN contribution has a significance of at least $4σ$, depending on the model used for the propagation, interstellar radiation field and energy losses. We checked the stability of this result against low-energy effects by solving numerically the transport equation. as well as adding possible breaks in the injection spectrum of SNRs. The effect of the energy losses alone, when the inverse Compton scattering is properly computed within a fully numerical treatment of the Klein-Nishina cross section, cannot explain the break in the $e^-$ flux data, as recently proposed in the literature.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures and supplemental material. Phys.Rev.D 104 (2021) 8, 083012
Slow relaxation in the Ising model on a small-world network with strong long-range interactions
Creators: name: Jeong, Daun
name: Choi, M. Y.
name: Park, Hyunggyu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the Ising model on a small-world network, where the long-range interaction strength $J_2$ is in general different from the local interaction strength $J_1$, and examine its relaxation behaviors as well as phase transitions. As $J_2/J_1$ is raised from zero, the critical temperature also increases, manifesting contributions of long-range interactions to ordering. However, it becomes saturated eventually at large values of $J_2/J_1$ and the system is found to display very slow relaxation, revealing that ordering dynamics is inhibited rather than facilitated by strong long-range interactions. To circumvent this problem, we propose a modified updating algorithm in Monte Carlo simulations, assisting the system to reach equilibrium quickly.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
Where to Go? Finding Durable Solutions for Disaster-Displaced Persons in Southeast Asia
Creators: name: Petz, Daniel
name: Rum, Muhammad
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 220303 Environmental Philosophy
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: Environmental Humanities

description: Climate change is a risk multiplier for hydrometeorological disasters and poses additional hazards for low-lying islands, river deltas, and coastal zones due to projected sea level rise. According to the Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre (IDMC), disasters in Southeast Asia already displace about a million people per year, and this number is very likely to rise in the future, given the region’s vulnerability to climate impacts. Although most of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) countries have improved their disaster response in recent years and institutionalised regional efforts to deal with disaster risk management, the response to displacement still poses a significant challenge to many countries in the region.
This paper focuses on the issue of durable solutions for addressing population displacement due to disaster and climate change. While many displaced populations can return to their homes relatively quickly after natural disasters, cases of prolonged displacement are increasing globally. Climate change is likely to exacerbate the situation further as climate hazards might make returning to some areas impossible. This article uses recent cases of displacement, lessons learned in the region, and analysis of government policies to propose potential strategies for dealing with internal displacement. These strategies include displacement prevention, durable solutions, and ways for international, regional, and national actors to improve the region’s response to displacement from disasters and climate change.
FACTORS DISTINGUISHING THE CHOICE OF MONEYLENDERS AND NON-MONEYLENDERS IN MOLETJI DISTRICT (LIMPOPO PROVINCE)
Creators: name: Kgowedi, M.J.
name: Makhura, Moraka Nakedi
name: Coetzee, Gerhard K.
name: Kgowedi, M.J.
name: Makhura, Moraka Nakedi
name: Coetzee, Gerhard K.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Financial Economics

description: There has been a growing existence of informal financial institutions in both rural and urban areas of South Africa. The objective of this paper is to identify factors influencing the choice of informal financial service providers in the peri-urban areas of South Africa. Data from 193 respondents was subjected to Analysis of Variance to identify the significant factors distinguishing the clients of moneylenders from the non-moneylenders. The results show that personal characteristics such age, education, occupation and marital status explain the choice of moneylenders. Gender is not a distinguishing factor, implying that both male and female have the same choice pattern. Clients choose certain services due to low interest, quick service and the fact that they are acquaintances. Monthly income, rather than other, also explains the choice of moneylenders over non-moneylenders. The results of the analysis suggest pertinent issues for consideration in institutionalizing informal service provision within the mainstream sector.
The Effect of $D-\bar D$ Mixing on the Measurement of $γ$ in $B\to D K$ Decays
Creators: name: Grossman, Yuval
name: Soffer, Abner
name: Zupan, Jure
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: $D-\bar D$ mixing is the source of the largest theoretical uncertainty in the extraction of $γ$ from $B\to D K$ decays. In the Standard Model, the mixing can have a rate close to its current experimental upper bound and is CP-conserving to an excellent approximation. We show that neglecting CP-conserving $D-\bar D$ mixing leads to an error in the determination of $γ$ only at second order in the small parameters, $Δm_D/Γ_D$ and $ΔΓ_D/Γ_D$, and is therefore very small and can be safely neglected.
description: 8 pages, no figures
HEDGING MAIZE YIELD WITH WEATHER DERIVATIVES
Creators: name: Geyser, J.M.
name: Van De Venter, T.W.G.
name: Geyser, J.M.
name: Van De Venter, T.W.G.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This paper examines the feasibility of weather derivatives in the South African agricultural context by evaluating the merit of rainfall options as a yield risk management tool. The paper consists of three distinctive parts. In the first part we introduce weather derivatives and supply a basic overview of the functioning and uses of weather derivatives in general and rainfall options specifically. Next we examine the South African maize industry and draw conclusions from the influence of rainfall on maize crop yields. The purpose of this section is to determine the feasibility and necessity of yield hedging mechanism. We conclude the paper by combining the first two sections into a workable recommendation strategy for the implementation of rainfall derivatives as a hedge against yield risk caused by adverse rainfall conditions.
CREATING A NEW VALUATION TOOL FOR SOUTH AFRICAN AGRICULTURAL CO-OPERATIVES
Creators: name: Geyser, Mariette
name: Liebenberg, I.E.
name: Geyser, Mariette
name: Liebenberg, I.E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Agribusiness

description: Independent of the size of an organization, long-term shareholder wealth is equally important for all profit seeking organizations. This paper examines introducing Economic Value Added (EVA) as a performance measure for agribusinesses and co-ops in South Africa. EVA is an effective measure of the quality of managerial decisions as well as a reliable indicator of an enterprise's value growth in future.
MHC class 1 cytoplasmic domain : defining a role for conserved amino acid residues in class 1 expression, trafficking, and antigen presentation
Creators: name: Lizee, Gregory Anthony
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: MHC class I molecules contain within their cytoplasmic domains a tyrosine and two or three serines that demonstrate a remarkable level of conservation between all mammals and extending to species as evolutionarily distant as the shark and zebrafish. In order to explore the role of these amino acids both in vitro and in vivo, cytoplasmic mutants of the murine H-2 Kb gene were constructed and expressed in murine L cell fibroblasts and transgenic mice. In L cell fibroblast transfectants, Kb mutant molecules reached higher cell surface levels than Kb wild-type (KbWT) molecules and demonstrated a higher capacity for binding exogenously-added peptides. While cytoplasmic mutations had no effect on β2- microglobulin binding nor Kb transport rates to the cell surface, they caused a delay in the ability of the molecules to present an immunodominant vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) epitope following viral infection. In the transgenic mice, FACScan analysis of peripheral blood leukocytes and splenocytes revealed that cytoplasmic mutant Kb molecules reached significantly higher surface levels compared to wild-type Kb and interfered less with endogenous class I maturation and surface expression. Constitutive endocytosis of class I molecules from the surface of activated T cells was also shown to be significantly impaired by cytoplasmic point mutations. Functional studies on antigen presentation in the transgenic mice revealed that mice containing a point mutation to the conserved tyrosine were severely compromised in their ability to generate a Kb-restricted CTL response to VSV infection compared to KbWT-expressing and C57/BL control mice. Mice containing mutations to the conserved serines by contrast, demonstrated a more vigorous VSV CTL response compared to KbWT-expressing transgenic animals. The results demonstrate that the conserved tyrosine and serine residues are important for regulating lymphocyte and fibroblast MHC class I cell surface expression both in vitro and in vivo, and provide evidence of an inducible tyrosine-based endosomal targeting motif in the cytoplasmic tail of class I molecules. The functional studies suggest that the tyrosine motif in particular may be important for the generation of class I-restricted CTL responses in vivo.
3D PRINTABLE SOFT ARTIFICIAL OPTICAL SKIN FOR HEALTHCARE APPLICATION
Creators: name: Abhijit Chandra Roy
name: Kumar, Navin
name: Shreyas, B.S.
name: Ananya Gupta
name: Kumar, Aloke
name: Aveek Bid
name: V. Venkataraman
Publisher: name: BRICS Workshop on Biophotonics 2023 — Book of Abstracts
Year: 2023

description: The human skin being the largest and most exposed organ in the body provides various essential information including touch, temperature, pressure, vibration, and humidity of the surrounding for smooth and safe functioning of our body. Similarly, artificial soft electronic skin, like human skin, perceives various environmental stimuli by transducing them into an electrical signal. Soft artificial optical skin capable of sensing touch and pressure is essential in many applications, including social robotics, healthcare, and augmented reality. However, several hurdles remain challenging, such as highly complex and expensive fabrication processes, instability in long-term use, and difficulty producing large areas and mass production. Here, we present a robust 3D printable large area soft artificial optical skin made of a soft and resilient polymer capable of detecting touch, load, and bending with extreme sensitivity to touch and load, 750 times higher than earlier work. The soft artificial optical skin shows excellent long-term stability and consistent performance up to almost a year. In addition, we describe a fabrication process capable of producing large areas, large numbers, yet costeffective. The soft artificial optical skin consists of a uniquely designed optical waveguide and a layer of a soft membrane with an array of soft structures which work as passive sensing nodes. The use of a soft structure provides the freedom of stretching to the soft artificial optical skin without considering the disjoints among the sensing nodes. The soft artificial optical skin’s operation has been shown using a variety of techniques.
High-throughput search for magnetic and topological order in transition metal oxides
Creators: name: Frey, Nathan C.
name: Horton, Matthew K.
name: Munro, Jason M.
name: Griffin, Sinéad M.
name: Persson, Kristin A.
name: Shenoy, Vivek B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The discovery of intrinsic magnetic topological order in $\rm MnBi_2Te_4$ has invigorated the search for materials with coexisting magnetic and topological phases. These multi-order quantum materials are expected to exhibit new topological phases that can be tuned with magnetic fields, but the search for such materials is stymied by difficulties in predicting magnetic structure and stability. Here, we compute over 27,000 unique magnetic orderings for over 3,000 transition metal oxides in the Materials Project database to determine their magnetic ground states and estimate their effective exchange parameters and critical temperatures. We perform a high-throughput band topology analysis of centrosymmetric magnetic materials, calculate topological invariants, and identify 18 new candidate ferromagnetic topological semimetals, axion insulators, and antiferromagnetic topological insulators. To accelerate future efforts, machine learning classifiers are trained to predict both magnetic ground states and magnetic topological order without requiring first-principles calculations.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures
Optical Conductivity of the t-J model within Cluster Dynamical Mean Field Theory
Creators: name: Haule, Kristjan
name: Kotliar, Gabriel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the evolution of the optical conductivity in the t-J model with temperature and doping using the Extended Dynamical Cluster Approximation. The cluster approach results in an optical mass which is doping independent near half filling. The transition to the superconducting state in the overdoped regime is characterized by a decrease in the hole kinetic energy, in contrast to the underdoped side where kinetic energy of holes increases upon superfluid condensation. In both regimes, the optical conductivity displays anomalous transfers of spectral weight over a broad frequency region.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
USING SATELLITE IMAGERY IN KANSAS CROP YIELD AND NET FARM INCOME FORECASTS
Creators: name: Nivens, Heather D.
name: Kastens, Terry L.
name: Dhuyvetter, Kevin C.
name: Nivens, Heather D.
name: Kastens, Terry L.
name: Dhuyvetter, Kevin C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: net farm income
subject: remote sensing
subject: satellite imagery

description: Remotely sensed data have been used in the past to predict crop yields. This research attempts to incorporate remotely sensed data into a net farm income projection model. Using in-sample regressions, satellite imagery appears to increase prediction accuracy in the time periods prior to USDA's first crop production estimate for wheat and corn. Remotely sensed data improved model performance more in the western regions of the state than in the eastern regions. However, in a jackknife out-of-sample framework, the satellite imagery appeared to statistically improve only 8 of the 81 models (9 crop reporting districts by 9 forecasting horizons) estimated. Moreover, 41 of the 81 models were statistically better without the satellite imagery data. This indicates that perhaps the functional form of net farm income has not been well-specified since additional information should generally not cause a model to deteriorate.