cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Diagrammatic Coaction and Cuts of the Double Box
Creators: name: Gardi, Einan
name: Ioannou, Aris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The diagrammatic coaction encodes the analytic structure of Feynman integrals by mapping any given Feynman diagram into a tensor product of diagrams defined by contractions and cuts of the original diagram. Feynman integrals evaluate to generalized hypergeometric functions in dimensional regularization. Establishing the coaction on this type of functions has helped formulating and checking the diagrammatic coaction of certain two-loop integrals. In this talk we study its application on the fully massless double box diagram. We make use of differential equation techniques, which, together with the properties of homology and cohomology theory of the resulting hypergeometric functions, allow us to formulate the coaction on a range of cuts of the double box in closed form.
description: 11 pages, talk given at RADCOR 2021
A review on analytical studies in Gravitational Lensing
Creators: name: Chowdhuri, Abhishek
name: Ghosh, Saptaswa
name: Bhattacharyya, Arpan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this study, we review some current studies on Gravitational Lensing for black holes, mainly in the context of general relativity. We mainly focus on the analytical studies related to lensing with references to observational results. We start with reviewing lensing in spherically symmetric Schwarzschild spacetime, showing how to calculate deflection angles before moving to the rotating counterpart, the Kerr metric. Furthermore, we extend our studies for a particular class of newly proposed solutions called black-bounce spacetimes and discuss throughout the review how to explore lensing in these spacetimes and how the various parameters can be constrained using available astrophysical and cosmological data.
description: 44 pages, 4 figures, 3 tables, references updated, Published as invited review article for the Frontiers in Physics research
Development and Initial Validation of the PEG, a Three-item Scale Assessing Pain Intensity and Interference
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2009
Subjects: pain
measurement
primary care

description: BACKGROUND: Inadequate pain assessment is a barrier to appropriate pain management, but single-item "pain screening" provides limited information about chronic pain. Multidimensional pain measures such as the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) are widely used in pain specialty and research settings, but are impractical for primary care. A brief and straightforward multidimensional pain measure could potentially improve initial assessment and follow-up of chronic pain in primary care. OBJECTIVES: To develop an ultra-brief pain measure derived from the BPI. DESIGN: Development of a shortened three-item pain measure and initial assessment of its reliability, validity, and responsiveness. PARTICIPANTS: We used data from 1) a longitudinal study of 500 primary care patients with chronic pain and 2) a cross-sectional study of 646 veterans recruited from ambulatory care. RESULTS: Selected items assess average pain intensity (P), interference with enjoyment of life (E), and interference with general activity (G). Reliability of the three-item scale (PEG) was α∈=∈0.73 and 0.89 in the two study samples. Overall, construct validity of the PEG was good for various pain-specific measures (r∈=∈0.60-0.89 in Study 1 and r∈=∈0.77-0.95 in Study 2), and comparable to that of the BPI. The PEG was sensitive to change and differentiated between patients with and without pain improvement at 6 months. DISCUSSION: We provide strong initial evidence for reliability, construct validity, and responsiveness of the PEG among primary care and other ambulatory clinic patients. The PEG may be a practical and useful tool to improve assessment and monitoring of chronic pain in primary care. © 2009 Society of General Internal Medicine.
IJTIMOIY JAMIYATDA MIGRANTLARNING TIL DOIRASIDA O'ZIGA XOS MANSUBLIK JIHATLARI
Creators: name: Mirzaaxmedova, Yulduzxon
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Ushbu tezisda migrantlarning til doirasida qanday o‘ziga xos mansublik jihatlarini tilga ta’sir etishi taxlilga tortilgan. Bu jarayonni baholash ancha qiyin. Jumladan, mehnat migratsiyasining o‘ziga xos tabiatining tildagi ta’siri misollar yordamida ko‘rib chiqilgan.
Acoustic black and white holes of potential flow in a tube
Creators: name: Tsuda, Ren
name: Tomizawa, Shinya
name: Suzuki, Ryotaku
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a new simple model of acoustic black hole in a thin tube, where the difference in the gravitational potential is used to create a transonic flow. The main merit of our transonic flow model is that the Euler equations can be solved analytically. In fact, we can obtain an exact solution to the equation in terms of a height function in the monatomic case $γ=5/3$. For arbitrary $γ$, we find that it takes a simple form by the near-sonic approximation. Moreover, we obtain two analytic solutions describing a backward wave and a forward wave, from which we can confirm the existence of sonic horizons.
description: 17 pages, 8 figures
Pulsed Gamma-rays from the millisecond pulsar J0030+0451 with the Fermi Large Area Telescope
Creators: name: LAT Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the discovery of gamma-ray pulsations from the nearby isolated millisecond pulsar PSR J0030+0451 with the Large Area Telescope (LAT) on the \emph{Fermi} Gamma-ray Space Telescope (formerly GLAST). This discovery makes PSR J0030+0451 the second millisecond pulsar to be detected in gamma-rays after PSR J0218+4232, observed by the EGRET instrument on the Compton Gamma Ray Observatory. The spin-down power $\dot E = $ 3.5 $\times$ 10$^{33}$ ergs s$^{-1}$ is an order of magnitude lower than the empirical lower bound of previously known gamma-ray pulsars. The emission profile is characterized by two narrow peaks, respectively 0.07 $\pm$ 0.01 and 0.08 $\pm$ 0.02 wide, separated by 0.44 $\pm$ 0.02 in phase. The first gamma-ray peak falls 0.15 $\pm$ 0.01 after the main radio peak. The pulse shape is similar to that of the "normal" gamma-ray pulsars. An exponentially cut-off power-law fit of the emission spectrum leads to an integral photon flux above 100 MeV of (6.76 $\pm$ 1.05 $\pm$ 1.35) $\times 10^{-8}$ cm$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$ with cut-off energy (1.7 $\pm$ 0.4 $\pm$ 0.5) GeV. Based on its parallax distance of $(300 \pm 90)$ pc, we obtain a gamma-ray efficiency $L_γ/ \dot{E} \simeq 15%$ for the conversion of spin-down energy rate into gamma-ray radiation, assuming isotropic emission.
description: Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
A bag-of-words approach for Drosophila gene expression pattern annotation
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2009
Subjects: Animals
Computational Biology
Databases, Genetic
Drosophila
Gene Expression
Gene Expression Profiling
Pattern Recognition, Automated

description: Background: Drosophila gene expression pattern images document the spatiotemporal dynamics of gene expression during embryogenesis. A comparative analysis of these images could provide a fundamentally important way for studying the regulatory networks governing development. To facilitate pattern comparison and searching, groups of images in the Berkeley Drosophila Genome Project (BDGP) high-throughput study were annotated with a variable number of anatomical terms manually using a controlled vocabulary. Considering that the number of available images is rapidly increasing, it is imperative to design computational methods to automate this task. Results: We present a computational method to annotate gene expression pattern images automatically. The proposed method uses the bag-of-words scheme to utilize the existing information on pattern annotation and annotates images using a model that exploits correlations among terms. The proposed method can annotate images individually or in groups (e.g., according to the developmental stage). In addition, the proposed method can integrate information from different two-dimensional views of embryos. Results on embryonic patterns from BDGP data demonstrate that our method significantly outperforms other methods. Conclusion: The proposed bag-of-words scheme is effective in representing a set of annotations assigned to a group of images, and the model employed to annotate images successfully captures the correlations among different controlled vocabulary terms. The integration of existing annotation information from multiple embryonic views improves annotation performance. © 2009 Ji et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.
title: Utilidad clínica de la esclerosis con alcohol guiada con ecografía en pacientes con fístulas de mama.
Creators: name: Fernández Martínez, Ana María
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Breast
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Sclerosis
subject: Fistula

description: Objetivos
Material y método
Resultados
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivos:
Las fístulas de mama,
también conocidas como alteración de Zuska,
se definen como la comunicación entre uno o varios conductos galactóforos y la piel,
de ahí que su localización más habitual sea paraareolar.Su origen es incierto pero se han...
Measures of autozygosity in decline: Globalization, urbanization, and its implications for medical genetics
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2009
Subjects: Adult
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Consanguinity
Genetics, Medical
Genetics, Population
Genome, Human
Homozygote
Humans
Middle Aged
Models, Statistical
North America
Urbanization
Young Adult

description: This research investigates the influence of demographic factors on human genetic sub-structure. In our discovery cohort, we show significant demographic trends for decreasing autozygosity associated with population variation in chronological age. Autozygosity, the genomic signature of consanguinity, is identifiable on a genome-wide level as extended tracts of homozygosity. We identified an average of 28.6 tracts of extended homozygosity greater than 1 Mb in length in a representative population of 809 unrelated North Americans of European descent ranging in chronological age from 19-99 years old. These homozygous tracts made up a population average of 42 Mb of the genome corresponding to 1.6% of the entire genome, with each homozygous tract an average of 1.5 Mb in length. Runs of homozygosity are steadily decreasing in size and frequency as time progresses (linear regression, p<0.05). We also calculated inbreeding coefficients and showed a significant trend for population-wide increasing heterozygosity outside of linkage disequilibrium. We successfully replicated these associations in a demographically similar cohort comprised of a subgroup of 477 Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging participants. We also constructed statistical models showing predicted declining rates of autozygosity spanning the 20th century. These predictive models suggest a 14.0% decrease in the frequency of these runs of homozygosity and a 24.3% decrease in the percent of the genome in runs of homozygosity, as well as a 30.5% decrease in excess homozygosity based on the linkage pruned inbreeding coefficients. The trend for decreasing autozygosity due to panmixia and larger effective population sizes will likely affect the frequency of rare recessive genetic diseases in the future. Autozygosity has declined, and it seems it will continue doing so.
title: Diagnóstico y manejo de las microcalcificaciones mamarias.
Creators: name: de Lara Bendahan, Victoria
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Neoplasia
subject: Education
subject: eLearning
subject: Mammography
subject: Breast

description: Objetivo docente
Revisión del tema
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivo docente:
Describir y analizar las características morfológicas y de distribución de las calcificaciones mamarias,
para así decidir una actitud de manejo posterior y reconocer las situaciones en las que la biopsia está...
title: Una causa infrecuente de obstrucción intestinal en el adulto: diafragmas duodenales
Creators: name: Machan, Kenza
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Congenital
subject: Contrast agent-oral
subject: Digital radiography
subject: Abdomen

description: Objetivo docente
Revisión del tema
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivo docente:
El diafragma duodenal es una patología infrecuente (1/20.000-1/40.000 nacidos).
Se caracteriza por una obstrucción incompleta de la luz intestinal,
con un pequeño orificio en un diafragma,
cuya patogenia se describe como una falta de...
Nano-enhanced Dialytic Fluid Purification: CFD Modeling of Pb(II) Removal by Manganese Oxide
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2020

description: © Nano-enhanced dialytic fluid purification is an evolution of biomedical dialysis that has been proposed as a novel method for applying nanomaterials in water treatment. Using nanosized hexagonal birnessite (Î-MnO2) in a simplified dialytic system, we demonstrate herein an almost complete removal (98%) of Pb(II) within 3 h of treatment while monitoring environmental variables pH and Eh (redox potential). A mathematical model of the purification process is constructed in COMSOL Multiphysics to demonstrate how nanoadsorption using free-flowing nanoparticles in a dialytic system can be studied theoretically using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The CFD model closely agrees with experimental results, estimating a 95% removal over 3 h of treatment and suggesting an 18% consumption of available adsorbent capacity. Additional insights into the progress and mechanisms of the adsorption process are also revealed. Finally, the nanoenhanced model is compared against standard dialysis absent of nanomaterials using COMSOL, and key differences in removal efficiency are highlighted. Results indicate that nanoenhanced dialysis can attain almost complete removal in 3 h of treatment or reach the same removal goal as standard dialysis in less than two-third of the treatment time.
Molecular dynamics analysis of particle number fluctuations in the mixed phase of a first-order phase transition
Creators: name: Kuznietsov, Volodymyr A.
name: Savchuk, Oleh
name: Poberezhnyuk, Roman V.
name: Vovchenko, Volodymyr
name: Gorenstein, Mark I.
name: Stoecker, Horst
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Molecular dynamics simulations are performed for a finite non-relativistic system of particles with Lennard-Jones potential. We study the effect of liquid-gas mixed phase on particle number fluctuations in coordinate subspace. A metastable region of the mixed phase, the so-called nucleation region, is analyzed in terms of a non-interacting cluster model. Large fluctuations due to spinodal decomposition are observed. They arise due to the interplay between the size of the acceptance region and that of the liquid phase. These effects are studied with a simple geometric model. The model results for the scaled variance of particle number distribution are compared with those obtained from the direct molecular dynamic simulations.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures
Non-modal approach to linear theory: marginal stability and the dissipation of turbulent fluctuations
Creators: name: Camporeale, Enrico
name: Passot, Thierry
name: Burgess, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The non-modal approach for a linearized system differs from a normal mode analysis by following the temporal evolution of some perturbed equilibria, and therefore includes transient effects. We employ a non-modal approach for studying the stability of a bi-Maxwellian magnetized plasma using the Landau fluid model, which we briefly describe. We show that bi-Maxwellian stable equilibria can support transient growth of some physical quantities, and we study how these transients behave when an equilibrium approaches its marginally stable condition. This is relevant to anisotropic plasma, that are often observed in the solar wind with a temperature anisotropy close to values that can trigger a kinetic instability. The results obtained with a non-modal approach are relevant to a re-examination of the concept of linear marginal stability. Moreover, we discuss the topic of the dissipation of turbulent fluctuations, suggesting that the non-modal approach should be included in future studies.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures
The nutritional implications of lactose intolerance
Creators: name: Tolensky, Arlene Frances
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Adult lactose intolerance due to low lactase levels is often associated with varying degrees of abdominal distress ranging from bloating and distension to severe cramps and diarrhea. Recent studies have suggested that these gastrointestinal disturbances may interfere with normal absorption of nutrients in addition to lactose. In order to investigate this possibility, both human and animal studies were conducted. Twenty-three healthy Caucasian adults were used to study the effect of lactose on the absorption of vitamin A, ascorbic acid and protein. Eight of the 23 subjects were lactose intolerant on the basis of a maximum rise of blood glucose of less than 20 mg/100 ml over the fasting blood glucose level after ingestion of 50 g of lactose in 300 ml water. In each study, blood samples were drawn after an overnight fast and at intervals up to k hours after consuming 50 g lactose in an aqueous solution or test meal containing gelatin, vitamin C or vitamin A. Sucrose replaced lactose as a control. The results from the human studies failed to demonstrate that lactose had an effect on the absorption of ascorbic acid, vitamin A or protein in lactose intolerant subjects. It may be that the composition of the test drink which contained fat and protein, may have affected the rate of absorption of the nutrients tested through a delay in gastric emptying time. However, the finding that absorption of vitamin C remained unaffected even when consumed with an aqueous solution of lactose, is attributed to the possibility that the level of ascorbic acid given was too low to show measurable differences in blood levels of that nutrient. To study the effect of lactose on the absorption of calcium, fat and protein, balance studies were conducted using postweaning rats. The experimental groups received either 10?S, 20fo or 30$ lactose diets, while an equivalent amount of sucrose replaced the lactose in the control diets. In addition, postweaning rats were given vitamin A intragastrically with either lactose or sucrose to investigate the effect of lactose on vitamin A absorption. From the balance studies with rats, the results indicate that fecal nitrogen and fat excretion was significantly (p <0,05) higher in all the animals fed lactose as compared to the controls. However, fecal calcium excretion was found to be generally lower for each lactose group relative to the controls, but the difference was statistically significant (p<0.05) only at the 30% level of lactose intake. Improved calcium absorption may have important nutritional implications where dietary calcium intake is low. It appears though, that the level of dietary lactose would most likely have to exceed the limits of normal lactose consumption to have an effect on the absorption of nutrients.
Tense, Aspect and Temporal Homogeneity
Creators: name: Arosio, Fabrizio
Publisher: name: Universität Tübingen
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Tempus , Romanische Sprachen , Italienisch , Adverbiale , Perfekt , Semantik
subject: 400
subject: aspect
subject: tense
subject: Temporaladverbial
subject: temporal homogeneity
subject: Aspekt
subject: romance languages
subject: Zeithomogenität
subject: italian
subject: temporal adverbial
subject: perfect
subject: semantics

description: By considering the distribution of aspectual meanings and durative temporal adverbials across different verb forms, we discover that temporal homogeneity plays a fundamental role in tense selection in Romance languages. This volume discusses the meaning of temporal verb forms in Romance languages and it proposes a compositional, model-theoretic semantics of tense, aspect and durative temporal adverbials where temporal homogeneity is a key factor for the temporal interpretation of a sentence. In order to bring additional evidence to the temporal homogeneity account, the volume presents results from an empirical study with Italian.
On the ambiguity between differential and integral forms of the Martin-Ryskin-Watt unintegrated parton distribution function model
Creators: name: Valeshabadi, Ramin Kord
name: Modarres, Majid
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we study the structure of the leading order Martin-Ryskin-Watt (MRW) unintegrated parton distribution function (UPDF) and explain in detail why there exists discrepancy between the two different definitions of this UPDF model, i.e., the integral (I-MRW) and differential (D-MRW) MRW UPDFs. We perform this investigation with both angular and strong ordering cutoffs. The derivation footsteps of obtaining the I-MRW UPDF from the D-MRW ones are numerically performed, and the reason of such non-equivalency between the two forms is clearly explained. We show and find out that both methods suggested in the papers by Golec-Biernat and Stasto as well as that of Guiot have shortcomings, and only the combination of their prescriptions can give us the same UPDF structure from both of these two different versions of the MRW UPDF, namely I-MRW and the D-MRW UPDFs.
Latitudinal clines of the human vitamin D receptor and skin color genes
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2016
Subjects: adaptation
epistasis
linkage disequilibrium
network analysis
skin color
vitamin D
Adaptation, Biological
Alleles
Altitude
Computational Biology
Epistasis, Genetic
Gene Frequency
Gene Regulatory Networks
Gene-Environment Interaction
Genetic Linkage
Genome, Human
Genomics
Genotype
Humans
Linkage Disequilibrium
Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
Receptors, Calcitriol
Skin Pigmentation

description: © 2016 Tiosano et al. The well-documented latitudinal clines of genes affecting human skin color presumably arise from the need for protection from intense ultraviolet radiation (UVR) vs. the need to use UVR for vitamin D synthesis. Sampling 751 subjects from a broad range of latitudes and skin colors, we investigated possible multilocus correlated adaptation of skin color genes with the vitamin D receptor gene (VDR), using a vector correlation metric and network method called BlocBuster. We discovered two multilocus networks involving VDR promoter and skin color genes that display strong latitudinal clines as multilocus networks, even though many of their single gene components do not. Considered one by one, the VDR components of these networks show diverse patterns: no cline, a weak declining latitudinal cline outside of Africa, and a strong in- vs. out-of-Africa frequency pattern. We confirmed these results with independent data from HapMap. Standard linkage disequilibrium analyses did not detect these networks. We applied BlocBuster across the entire genome, showing that our networks are significant outliers for interchromosomal disequilibrium that overlap with environmental variation relevant to the genes' functions. These results suggest that these multilocus correlations most likely arose from a combination of parallel selective responses to a common environmental variable and coadaptation, given the known Mendelian epistasis among VDR and the skin color genes.
Liquid nucleation around charged particles in the vapor phase
Creators: name: Kroll, Roni
name: Tsori, Yoav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically investigate the nucleation of liquid droplets from vapor in the presence of a charged spherical particle. Due to field gradients, sufficiently close to the critical point of the vapor--gas system, the charge destabilizes the vapor phase and initiates a phase transition. The fluid's free energy is described by the van der Waals expression augmented by electrostatic energy and a square-gradient term. We calculate the equilibrium density profile at arbitrary temperatures, particle charges, and vapor densities. In contrast to classical nucleation theory, here, both liquid and vapor phases are different from the bulk phases because they are spatially nonuniform. In addition, the theory applies to both sharp and diffuse interfaces and calculates the surface tension self-consistently. We find the composition profiles and integrate them to get the adsorption near the particle. We find that the adsorption changes discontinuously at a first-order phase transition line. This line becomes a second-order phase transition at high enough temperatures. We describe the transition point numerically and provide approximate analytical expressions for it. Similarly to prewetting, the adsorption diverges at the binodal phase boundary. We construct a phase diagram indicating changes in the binodal, spinodal, and critical temperature. It is shown that the field gradient enlarges the range of temperature and vapor density where liquid can nucleate.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures
Properties of accelerating edge dislocations in arbitrary slip systems with reflection symmetry
Creators: name: Blaschke, Daniel N.
name: Dang, Khanh
name: Fensin, Saryu
name: Luscher, Darby J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the theoretical solution to the differential equations governing accelerating edge dislocations in anisotropic crystals. This is an important prerequisite to understanding high speed dislocation motion, including an open question about the existence of transonic dislocation speeds, and subsequently high rate plastic deformation in metals and other crystals.
description: 14 pages, 3 figures; v2 expanded introduction and additional refs
Dielectric function and plasmons in graphene
Creators: name: Hill, A.
name: Mikhailov, S. A.
name: Ziegler, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The electromagnetic response of graphene, expressed by the dielectric function, and the spectrum of collective excitations are studied as a function of wave vector and frequency. Our calculation is based on the full band structure, calculated within the tight-binding approximation. As a result, we find plasmons whose dispersion is similar to that obtained in the single-valley approximation by Dirac fermions. In contrast to the latter, however, we find a stronger damping of the plasmon modes due to inter-band absorption. Our calculation also reveals effects due to deviations from the linear Dirac spectrum as we increase the Fermi energy, indicating an anisotropic behavior with respect to the wave vector of the external electromagnetic field.
Correlated polarization dependences between surface-enhanced resonant Raman scattering and plasmon resonance elastic scattering showing spectral uncorrelation to each other
Creators: name: Itoh, Tamitake
name: Yamamoto, Yuko S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigated the origin of the identical polarization angle dependences between surface-enhanced resonant Raman scattering (SERRS) and plasmon resonance for two types of single silver nanoparticle aggregates. The first type (Type I), in which the SERRS spectral envelopes are similar to the plasmon resonance elastic scattering spectra, shows the identical polarization dependence between the SERRS and plasmon resonance. The second type (Type II), in which the SERRS envelopes largely deviate from the plasmon resonance, also exhibits identical polarization dependence. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observations indicated that these aggregates were dimers. Thus, this unintuitive result was examined by calculating the electromagnetic (EM) enhancement by changing the morphology of the dimers. The calculation revealed that Type I of dimer generates SERRS directly by superradiant plasmons. The Type II of dimer generates SERRS indirectly by subradiant plasmons, which receive light energy from the superradiant plasmons. This indirect SERRS process clarifies that the interaction between the superradiant and subradiant plasmons results in an identical polarization dependence between SERRS and plasmon resonance for Type II of dimers.
description: 31 pages, 9 figures. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2207.02513
Degree Sequence Optimization in Bounded Treewidth
Creators: name: Onn, Shmuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 05A, 15A, 51M, 52A, 52B, 52C, 62H, 68Q, 68R, 68U, 68W, 90B, 90C

description: We consider the problem of finding a subgraph of a given graph which minimizes the sum of given functions at vertices evaluated at their subgraph degrees. While the problem is NP-hard already when all functions are the same, we show that it can be solved for arbitrary functions in polynomial time over graphs of bounded treewidth. Its complexity remains widely open, in particular over complete graphs and complete bipartite graphs.
title: Caracteristicas radiológicas del astroblastoma
Creators: name: Guijo Hernandez, Teresa
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: MR
subject: Neuroradiology brain

description: Objetivo docente
Revisión del tema
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivo docente:
El astroblastoma es un tumor glial primario raro que afecta de forma preferente a niños y adultos jóvenes.
Tiene una apariencia radiológica característica con la que debemos...
COVID-19 & American Life Survey
Creators: name: Survey Center On American Life
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2022

description: How closely have you been following coronavirus (COVID-19) news (1); future of coronavirus outbreak in United States (1); personally know anyone in United States who is positive for coronavirus (1); concern about being infected with coronavirus (1); medical workers (1); economy and finances (21); work situation (1); unemployment (6); unemployment benefits (1); neighbors and communities (3); preferred community type in United States (1); people in cities more likely to get coronavirus (1); comforts with activities under coronavirus outbreak (13); how long will it take life in United States to return from normal (1); businesses opening back up even if it puts people as risk (1); approval of different levels of government handling coronavirus (4); childcare responsibilities (1); activities over last week for parents (7); religious services (1); United States government response to coronavirus compared to other developed countries (1); federal government help to different groups (4); federal government responsibility to make sure all Americans have health care coverage (1); economic policies (2); coronavirus lead to lasting changes in American economy (2); financial well-being (1); expertise and judgment (2); confidence in different groups to act in best interests of public (8); impact of people on government (1); activities or emotions over last week (9); 2020 election (3); community type (1); type of home you live in (1); units in apartment building (1).
title: Adecuación de la solicitud de TC-Craneal urgente en la Cefalea. ¿Es adecuado el protocolo? ¿Lo cumplimos?
Creators: name: Romera Sanchez, Rut
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Neuroradiology brain

description: Objetivos
Material y método
Resultados
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivos:
La cefalea es un motivo de consulta muy frecuente en el servicio de Urgencias,
y diferenciar el pequeño número de pacientes con patología orgánica subyacente de la mayoría de los dolores de cabeza primarios benignos (migraña,
tensional,
de...
Allelic richness following population founding events - A stochastic modeling framework incorporating gene flow and genetic drift
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Animals
Computer Simulation
Evolution, Molecular
Founder Effect
Gene Flow
Gene Frequency
Genetic Drift
Genetic Variation
Genetics, Population
Heterozygote
Humans
Models, Genetic
Stochastic Processes

description: © 2014 Greenbaum et al. Allelic richness (number of alleles) is a measure of genetic diversity indicative of a population's long-term potential for adaptability and persistence. It is used less commonly than heterozygosity as a genetic diversity measure, partially because it is more mathematically difficult to take into account the stochastic process of genetic drift for allelic richness. This paper presents a stochastic model for the allelic richness of a newly founded population experiencing genetic drift and gene flow. The model follows the dynamics of alleles lost during the founder event and simulates the effect of gene flow on maintenance and recovery of allelic richness. The probability of an allele's presence in the population was identified as the relevant statistical property for a meaningful interpretation of allelic richness. A method is discussed that combines the probability of allele presence with a population's allele frequency spectrum to provide predictions for allele recovery. The model's analysis provides insights into the dynamics of allelic richness following a founder event, taking into account gene flow and the allele frequency spectrum. Furthermore, the model indicates that the "One Migrant per Generation" rule, a commonly used conservation guideline related to heterozygosity, may be inadequate for addressing preservation of diversity at the allelic level. This highlights the importance of distinguishing between heterozygosity and allelic richness as measures of genetic diversity, since focusing merely on the preservation of heterozygosity might not be enough to adequately preserve allelic richness, which is crucial for species persistence and evolution.
Dark matter spike around Bumblebee black holes
Creators: name: Capozziello, S.
name: Zare, S.
name: Mota, D. F.
name: Hassanabadi, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effects of dark matter spike in the vicinity of the supermassive black hole, located at the center of M87 (the Virgo A galaxy), are investigated within the framework of the so-called Bumblebee Gravity. Our primary aim is to determine whether the background of spontaneous Lorentz symmetry breaking has a significant effect on the horizon, ergo-region, and shadow of the Kerr Bumblebee black hole in the spike region. For this purpose, we first incorporate the dark matter distribution in a Lorentz-violating spherically symmetric space-time as a component of the energy-momentum tensors in the Einstein field equations. This leads to a space-time metric for a Schwarzschild Bumblebee black hole with a dark matter distribution in the spike region and beyond. Subsequently, this solution is generalized to a Kerr Bumblebee black hole through the use of the Newman-Janis-Azreg-Aïnou algorithm. Then, according to the available observational data for the dark matter spike density and radius, and the Schwarzschild radius of the supermassive black hole in Virgo A galaxy, we examine the shapes of shadow and demonstrate the influence of the spin parameter $a$, the Lorentz-violating parameter $\ell$ and the corresponding dark matter halo parameters $ρ_{0}$ and $r_{0}$ on the deformation and size of the shadow.
description: accepted for publication in JCAP
Descriptional Complexity of Three-Nonterminal Scattered Context Grammars: An Improvement
Creators: name: Masopust, Tomáš
name: Meduna, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Formal Languages and Automata Theory (cs.FL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recently, it has been shown that every recursively enumerable language can be generated by a scattered context grammar with no more than three nonterminals. However, in that construction, the maximal number of nonterminals simultaneously rewritten during a derivation step depends on many factors, such as the cardinality of the alphabet of the generated language and the structure of the generated language itself. This paper improves the result by showing that the maximal number of nonterminals simultaneously rewritten during any derivation step can be limited by a small constant regardless of other factors.
Allele-Specific Network Reveals Combinatorial Interaction That Transcends Small Effects in Psoriasis GWAS
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Alleles
Computational Biology
Genetic Markers
Genome-Wide Association Study
Humans
Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
Psoriasis

description: © 2014 Climer et al. Hundreds of genetic markers have shown associations with various complex diseases, yet the “missing heritability” remains alarmingly elusive. Combinatorial interactions may account for a substantial portion of this missing heritability, but their discoveries have been impeded by computational complexity and genetic heterogeneity. We present BlocBuster, a novel systems-level approach that efficiently constructs genome-wide, allele-specific networks that accurately segregate homogenous combinations of genetic factors, tests the associations of these combinations with the given phenotype, and rigorously validates the results using a series of unbiased validation methods. BlocBuster employs a correlation measure that is customized for single nucleotide polymorphisms and returns a multi-faceted collection of values that captures genetic heterogeneity. We applied BlocBuster to analyze psoriasis, discovering a combinatorial pattern with an odds ratio of 3.64 and Bonferroni-corrected p-value of 5.01×10−16. This pattern was replicated in independent data, reflecting robustness of the method. In addition to improving prediction of disease susceptibility and broadening our understanding of the pathogenesis underlying psoriasis, these results demonstrate BlocBuster's potential for discovering combinatorial genetic associations within heterogeneous genome-wide data, thereby transcending the limiting “small effects” produced by individual markers examined in isolation.
The subthermal excitation of the C{\sc i} lines in the molecular gas reservoirs of galaxies: its significance and potential utility
Creators: name: Papadopoulos, Padelis
name: Dunne, Loretta
name: Maddox, Steve
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine a sample of 106 galaxies for which the total luminosities of the two fine structure lines $^{3}P_1$$\rightarrow $$^{3}P_{0}$, and $^{3}P_2$$\rightarrow $$^{3}P_{1}$ of neutral atomic carbon (C) are available, and find their average excitation conditions to be strongly subthermal. This is deduced from the CI(2-1)/(1-0) ratios ($R^{(ci)}_{21/10}$) modelled by the exact solutions of the corresponding 3-level system, without any special assumptions about the kinematic state of the concomitant $\rm H_2$ gas (and thus the corresponding line formation mechanism). This non-LTE excitation of the CI lines can induce the curious clustering of (CI,LTE)-derived gas temperatures near $\sim $25 K reported recently by Valentino et al. (2020), which is uncorellated to the actual gas temperatures. The non-LTE CI line excitation in the ISM of galaxies deprives us from a simple method for estimating molecular gas temperatures, and adds uncertainty in CI-based molecular gas mass estimates especially when the J=2-1 line is used. However the $\rm R^{(ci)}_{21/10}$=$\rm F(n, T_{k})$ ratio is now more valuable for joint CO/CI SLED and dust SED models of galaxies, and independent of the assumptions used in the CO radiative transfer models (e.g. the LVG approximation). Finally we speculate that the combination of low ratios $\rm R^{(ci)}_{21/10} \leq 1$ and high $\rm T_{dust}$ values found in some extreme starbursts indicates massive low-density molecular wind and/or circumgalactic gas reservoirs. If verified by imaging observations this can be a useful indicator of the presence of such reservoirs in~galaxies.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Studies of the effects of logging on stream cutbanks and of the occurrence of cutbanks as related to land characteristics
Creators: name: Toews, David Andrew Alan
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: A study was undertaken to determine the effect of streambank logging practices on salmonid cover in four streams in north central British Columbia. Undercut streambanks were chosen for measurement since they constitute a component of cover that is easily disturbed by logging activity. Sections of streams flowing through winter and summer logged regions were classified as either heavily or moderately disturbed and compared to adjacent unlogged sections with regard to stream widths and cutbank areas. Logging resulted in increased stream widths and decreased cutbank areas particularly in the heavily disturbed sections. Results indicate that skidder operators should avoid activity in and immediately adjacent to streams. For winter logging, this can be facilitated by marking streams prior to snowfall. A second study was undertaken in an attempt to develop a model for stream surveys which would permit prediction of cutbank formation by identifying associated land and stream characteristics on air photos. With the use of 1:63,000 air photographs, several streams in the Robertson River Watershed on Vancouver Island were divided into homogeneous units on the basis of the landform adjacent to the stream, valley shape, and stream pattern. Nine sections were compared with regard to cutbank area. No simple relationships between land and stream characteristics were found, making it impossible to develop a reliable model for predicting potential bank cover with the use of air photos alone. However, it was concluded that it is valid to use the survey techniques described to divide streams into relatively homogeneous units and determine locations warranting ground checks.
Probing antibody internal dynamics with fluorescence anisotropy and molecular dynamics simulations
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2013
Subjects: monoclonal antibodies
solution dynamics
molecular dynamics simulations
fluorescence anisotropy
therapeutic antibodies

description: The solution dynamics of antibodies are critical to antibody function. We explore the internal solution dynamics of antibody molecules through the combination of time-resolved fluorescence anisotropy experiments on IgG1 with more than two microseconds of all-atom molecular dynamics (MD) simulations in explicit water, an order of magnitude more than in previous simulations. We analyze the correlated motions with a mutual information entropy quantity, and examine state transition rates in a Markov-state model, to give coarse-grained descriptors of the motions. Our MD simulations show that while there are many strongly correlated motions, antibodies are highly flexible, with Fab and Fc domains constantly forming and breaking contacts, both polar and non-polar. We find that salt bridges break and reform, and not always with the same partners. While the MD simulations in explicit water give the right time scales for the motions, the simulated motions are about 3-fold faster than the experiments. Overall, the picture that emerges is that antibodies do not simply fluctuate around a single state of atomic contacts. Rather, in these large molecules, different atoms come in contact during different motions. © 2013 Landes Bioscience.