cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
HISTOPATHOLOGICAL PATTERNS OF CERVICAL CANCER AMONG FEMALES PRESENTING TO MAKERERE UNIVERSITY PATHOLOGY CORE REFERENCE LABORATORY. A 5-YEAR REVIEW
Creators: name: Moses, Mwanja
name: Fred, Lopwonya
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences

description: A retrospective cross-sectional study employing the use of quantitative methods of data collection was conducted within Makerere university pathology core reference laboratory.
Star Cluster Evolution: A Review
Creators: name: Sills, Alison
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: This review will cover our theoretical understanding of star cluster evolution. I will discuss the internal processes that drive the evolution of star clusters (collisional dynamics and stellar evolution) and the effects of external environment that can be important (particularly tidal effects from the galactic environment). I will give an overview of the computational tools that are used to model such processes, with particular attention to their strengths and current limitations. Since the theme of this conference is binary stars in clusters, I will spend some time on the impact of binaries on the dynamical evolution of clusters, and what we know and don't know about their impact.
Traversability Analysis for Autonomous Driving in Complex Environment: A LiDAR-based Terrain Modeling Approach
Creators: name: Xue, Hanzhang
name: Fu, Hao
name: Xiao, Liang
name: Fan, Yiming
name: Zhao, Dawei
name: Dai, Bin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: For autonomous driving, traversability analysis is one of the most basic and essential tasks. In this paper, we propose a novel LiDAR-based terrain modeling approach, which could output stable, complete and accurate terrain models and traversability analysis results. As terrain is an inherent property of the environment that does not change with different view angles, our approach adopts a multi-frame information fusion strategy for terrain modeling. Specifically, a normal distributions transform mapping approach is adopted to accurately model the terrain by fusing information from consecutive LiDAR frames. Then the spatial-temporal Bayesian generalized kernel inference and bilateral filtering are utilized to promote the stability and completeness of the results while simultaneously retaining the sharp terrain edges. Based on the terrain modeling results, the traversability of each region is obtained by performing geometric connectivity analysis between neighboring terrain regions. Experimental results show that the proposed method could run in real-time and outperforms state-of-the-art approaches.
description: accepted to Journal of Field Robotics
Generation of a VUV-to-visible Raman frequency comb in hydrogen-filled kagomé photonic crystal fiber
Creators: name: Mridha, M. K.
name: Novoa, D.
name: Bauerschmidt, S. T.
name: Abdolvand, A.
name: Russell, P. St. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the generation of a purely vibrational Raman comb, extending from the vacuum ultraviolet (184 nm) to the visible (478 nm), in hydrogen-filled kagomé-style photonic crystal fiber pumped at 266 nm. Stimulated Raman scattering and molecular modulation processes are enhanced by higher Raman gain in the ultraviolet. Owing to the pressure-tunable normal dispersion landscape of the fiber-gas system in the ultraviolet, higher-order anti-Stokes bands are generated preferentially in higher-order fiber modes. The results pave the way towards tunable fiber-based sources of deep- and vacuum ultraviolet light for applications in, e.g., spectroscopy and biomedicine.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures, 1 table
Properties of secondary components in extensive air shower of cosmic rays in knee energy region
Creators: name: Yaling, Chen
name: Zhang, Feng
name: Liu, Hu
name: Zhu, Fengrong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The knee of cosmic ray spectra reflects the maximum energy accelerated by galactic cosmic ray sources or the limit to the ability of galaxy to bind cosmic rays. The measuring of individual energy spectra is a crucial tool to ascertain the origin of the knee. The Extensive Air Shower of cosmic rays in the knee energy region is simulated via CORSIKA software. The energy resolution for different secondary components and primary nuclei identification capability are studied. The energy reconstruction by using electromagnetic particles in the energy around knee is better than by using other secondary particles. The resolution is 10-19 percent for proton, and 4-8 percent for iron. For the case of primary nuclei identification capability, the discriminability of density of muons is best both at low (around 100 TeV) and high (around 10 PeV) energy, the discriminability of the shape of lateral distribution of electron and gamma-rays are good at low energy and the discriminability of density of neutrons is good at high energy. The differences between the lateral distributions of secondary particles simulated by EPOS-LHC and QGSJet-II-04 hadronic model are also studied. The results in this work can provide important information for selecting the secondary components and detector type during energy reconstruction and identifying the primary nuclei of cosmic rays in the knee region.
description: 16 pages, 17 figures
Hands-On Astro Activities in Primary Classes
Creators: name: Takac, Danijela
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Astronomy Education

description: Title: Hands-On Astro Activities in Primary Classes

Presenter: Danijela Takac (OŠ Pantovčak, Zagreb, Croatia)

 

This was a poster presented at the 5th Shaw-IAU Workshop on Astronomy for Education, organised by the IAU Office of Astronomy for Education (OAE, http//astro4edu.org).

Teaching astronomy in primary classes is challenging and most rewarding subject you can teach. Students are full of wonder and imagination. These activities are most creative and most rewarding for a teacher. The downside of primary classes is that since stargazing is very challenging cause of the students young age all the activities have to be done in the classes. We will show physical and team-building activities - train like an astronaut, creative activities - painting stars and space with plasticine to crafty activities like making and launching a rocket. Teaching primary classes boosts teacher creativity and storytelling too.

About the 5th Shaw-IAU Workshop on Astronomy for Education:This year’s Shaw-IAU Workshop on Astronomy for Education focuses on two themes: one special practical astronomy education topic and one scientific topic. The special topic is astronomy education outside the classroom, looking at how astronomy can be taught in a diverse range of environments such as science centers, planetaria and youth clubs. The scientific topic is planetary atmospheres, both in the solar system and exoplanets as well as our own Earth. The workshop was organised by the IAU Office of Astronomy for Education (http://astro4edu.org). More details can be found on: https://astro4edu.org/shaw-iau/5th-shaw-iau-workshop/schedule/

Keep up to date with future Shaw-IAU Workshops and other opportunities at the IAU Office of Astronomy for Education by joining our mailing list https://astro4edu.org/mailing-list/

Follow the IAU OAE on X and Facebook under @astro4edu
Magneto-electric coupling in type-I multiferroic ScFeO$_3$
Creators: name: Giovannetti, Gianluca
name: Puggioni, Danilo
name: Barone, Paolo
name: Picozzi, Silvia
name: Rondinelli, James
name: Capone, Massimo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the electronic structure and the ferroelectric properties of the recently discovered multiferroic ScFeO$_3$ by means of ab-initio calculations. The $3d$ manifold of Fe in the half-filled configuration naturally favors an antiferromagnetic ordering, with a theoretical estimate of the antiferromagnetic Néel temperature in good agreement with the experimental values. We find that the inversion symmetry-breaking is driven by the off-centering of Sc atoms, which results in a large ferroelectric polarization of $\sim$105\,$μ$C/cm$^{2}$. Surprisingly the ferroelectric polarization is sensitive to the local magnetization of the Fe atoms resulting in a large negative magnetoelectric interaction. This behavior is unexpected in type-I multiferroic materials because the magnetic and ferroelectric orders are of different origins.
Looking for bound states and resonances in the $η^\prime K\bar K$ system
Creators: name: Torres, A. Martínez
name: Khemchandani, K. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by the continuous experimental investigations of $X(1835)$ in three-body decay channels like $η^\prime π^+ π^-$, we investigate the $η^\prime K \bar K$ system with the aim of searching for bound states and/or resonances when the dynamics involved in the $K\bar K$ subsystem can form the resonances: $f_0(980)$ in isospin 0 or $a_0(980)$ in isospin 1. For this, we solve the Faddeev equations for the three-body system. The input two-body $t$-matrices are obtained by solving Bethe-Salpeter equations in a coupled channel formalism. As a result, no signal of a three-body bound state or resonance is found.
Lower limit on the gravitino mass in low-scale gauge mediation with $m_H\simeq 125$GeV
Creators: name: Ibe, Masahiro
name: Yanagida, Tsutomu T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit low-scale gauge mediation models in light of recent observations of CMB Lensing and Cosmic Shear which put a severe upper limit on the gravitino mass, $m_{3/2} \lesssim 4.7$eV. With such a stringent constraint, many models of low-scale gauge mediation are excluded when the squark masses are required to be rather large to explain the observed Higgs boson mass. In this note, we discuss a type of low-scale gauge mediation models which satisfy both the observed Higgs boson mass and the upper limit on the gravitino mass. We also show that the gravitino mass cannot be smaller than about 1eV even in such models, which may be tested in future observations of 21 cm line fluctuations.
description: 13 pages, 1 figure
Enhancing Primary Science Education Through Interactive Astronomy Concept Diagrams
Creators: name: Bouisaghouane, Ilham
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Astronomy Education

description: Title: Enhancing Primary Science Education Through Interactive Astronomy Concept Diagrams

Presenter: Ilham Bouisaghouane (Leiden Observatory, Leiden University; Centre for Applied Education Research, Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences)

Collaborators:J. Holt (Centre for Applied Education Research, Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences; Netherlands Research School for Astronomy (NOVA); Anton Pannekoek Institute for Astronomy, University of Amsterdam)B. Bredeweg (Centre for Applied Education Research, Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences; Informatics Institute, Faculty of Science, University of Amsterdam) P. Russo (Leiden Observatory, Leiden University)

 

This was a poster presented at the 4th Shaw-IAU Workshop on Astronomy for Education, organised by the IAU Office of Astronomy for Education (OAE, http//astro4edu.org).

Astronomy concepts are abstract, students find it challenging to create the mental picture to fully comprehend them. Research has shown that didactical approaches based on hands-on – minds-on learning, support learners in the understanding of physical concepts. In close collaboration with The Dutch Black Hole Consortium we created lessons using smart education techniques inspired by their researchtopics. The goal of these lessons is to stimulate reasoning skills by the use of computer-based interactive diagrams during practical astronomy oriented lessons. We will introduce our interactive concept diagrams supported by hands-on practices. We will argue their benefits in primary education classes to help increase student involvement and develop adequate concept learning in the sciences.

About the 5th Shaw-IAU Workshop on Astronomy for Education:This year’s Shaw-IAU Workshop on Astronomy for Education focuses on two themes: one special practical astronomy education topic and one scientific topic. The special topic is astronomy education outside the classroom, looking at how astronomy can be taught in a diverse range of environments such as science centers, planetaria and youth clubs. The scientific topic is planetary atmospheres, both in the solar system and exoplanets as well as our own Earth. The workshop was organised by the IAU Office of Astronomy for Education (http://astro4edu.org). More details can be found on: https://astro4edu.org/shaw-iau/5th-shaw-iau-workshop/schedule/

Keep up to date with future Shaw-IAU Workshops and other opportunities at the IAU Office of Astronomy for Education by joining our mailing list https://astro4edu.org/mailing-list/

Follow the IAU OAE on X and Facebook under @astro4edu
Multiport converter design and optimal location in distribution grids
Creators: name: Muñoz-Peña, Paula
name: Cheah-Mane, Marc
name: Prieto-Araujo, Eduardo
name: Gomis-Bellmunt, Oriol
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Poster presented at the CIRED 2024 Vienna Workshop on Increasing Distribution Network Hosting Capacity.
title: Analytic Proof Theory for Deontic Mimamsa Logic
Creators: name: Mahler, Stella
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Deontische Logik
subject: Mimamsa
subject: Sanskrit Philosophie
subject: Schnitteliminierung
subject: Analytische Beweistheorie
subject: Deontic logic
subject: Mimamsa
subject: Sanskrit philosophy
subject: Cut-elimination
subject: Analytic Proof Theory

description: Deontic logic is the branch of logic that deals with obligations,prohibitions, permissions, and other normative concepts.It has become increasingly relevant in domains such as Ethics,Law and AI. Deontic Logic is a relatively recent field of study,with its inception traced back to von Wright's 1951 paper. By constrast, Mīmāṃsā -- a prominent school of Sanskrit philosophy --has thoroughly discussed for more than two Millennia deontic concepts almost in a formal way. As such, Mīmāṃsā offers a treasure trove of 2000years of deontic investigations. This thesis focuses son the Mīmāṃsā authors Prabhakara and Kumarila and discusses two modal logics that formalize their deontic theories. The analyticity of their respective proof theories, based on the hypersequent calculus, is established through the process of cut-elimination. Further, soundness and completeness are proven.
On the spin geometry of supergravity and string theory
Creators: name: Lazaroiu, C. I.
name: Shahbazi, C. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We summarize the main results of our recent investigation of bundles of real Clifford modules and briefly touch on some applications to string theory and supergravity.
description: 5 pages
Infrared spectra of solid indene pure and in water ice. Implications for observed IR absorptions in TMC-1
Creators: name: Maté, Belén
name: Tanarro, Isabel
name: Timón, Vicente
name: Cernicharo, José
name: Herrero, Victor J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Experimental and theoretical infrared spectra, between 4000-500 cm$^{-1}$ (2.5-20 microns), and infrared band strengths of two solid phases of indene, amorphous and crystalline, are given for the first time. The samples were generated via vapor deposition under high vacuum conditions on a cold surface. Density functional theory was employed for the calculations of the IR spectra. Lacking of previous information, a monoclinic symmetry is suggested for the theoretical crystalline phase of indene, based on the comparison of the calculated and experimental IR spectra. Assignments, based on the calculations, are given for the main indene IR absorptions. The infrared spectra of highly diluted mixtures of indene in amorphous solid water at 10 K are also provided, evidencing that the indene spectrum is not much altered by the water ice environment. These data are expected to be useful for the search of this species in the solid phase in astrophysical environments with the JWST. With the band strengths obtained in this work, and applying a simple literature model, we find that indene could represent at most 2-5 percent of the intensity of a weak absorption feature at 3.3 microns recently reported for Elias 16. A column density of (1.5 -0.6) 10$^{16}$ cm$^{-2}$ is estimated for indene in the ice mantles of TMC-1. It would correspond to aprox. (2 - 0.8) 10$^{-2}$ of cosmic carbon, which is probably too high for a single small hydrocarbon.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures
Quantum Imaging of Biosamples
Creators: name: Grenapin, Florence
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2023
Subjects: Super-resolution
Spherulite
PBOE
Entanglement

description: All far-field optical imaging is limited by diffraction from optical elements, a phenomenon called Rayleigh's curse. It has been shown that through the use of the spatial mode demultiplexing technique (SPADE), an arbitrarily small separation between two point sources can be resolved, given a sufficiently large total number of photons N. This quantum metrology approach to super-resolution has since then been demonstrated and generalized to more complex situations. We propose a variant of SPADE, that we call biphoton SPADE, applied to imaging systems with spatially entangled photon pairs generated through spontaneous parametric downconversion. Our method can achieve a higher precision than SPADE, given any non-zero level of entanglement. We furthermore demonstrate our technique in a coincidence imaging setup and show super-resolution while only projecting on a select few of the total optimal modes in the 2D joint basis. Since the method uses quantum light and provides even further sensitivity to SPADE, it can potentially be used in the future for various light-sensitive imaging applications and in combination with neural networks. In nature, one often finds structures that have only been replicated by humans through years of precise, state-of-the-art engineering. Polymer spherulites, naturally occurring birefringent crystals that grow around defects in a radial pattern, are an example of this. We show through the example of ascorbic acid, commonly referred to as Vitamin C, that spherulites are capable of creating beams with orbital angular momentum (OAM) through a process called spin-to-orbit coupling. This action of the ascorbic acid crystals is analogous to the one of spatially structured waveplates called q-plates, which are built to have an azimuthally dependant optic axis. This opens the door for potentially cheaper fabrication of q-plates, and possibilities of tuning the growth of the molecules for arbitrary wavefront shaping with natural crystals. Finally, because of the wide range of crystals in the spherulite class, further investigation into different spherulites could shed light on the relationship between crystal symmetry and structure, and the shaping of light.
Efficiency of Planetesimal Ablation in Giant Planetary Envelopes
Creators: name: Pinhas, Arazi
name: Madhusudhan, Nikku
name: Clarke, Cathie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Observations of exoplanetary spectra are leading to unprecedented constraints on their atmospheric elemental abundances, particularly O/H, C/H, and C/O ratios. Recent studies suggest that elemental ratios could provide important constraints on formation and migration mechanisms of giant exoplanets. A fundamental assumption in such studies is that the chemical composition of the planetary envelope represents the sum-total of compositions of the accreted gas and solids during the formation history of the planet. We investigate the efficiency with which accreted planetesimals ablate in a giant planetary envelope thereby contributing to its composition rather than sinking to the core. From considerations of aerodynamic drag causing `frictional ablation' and the envelope temperature structure causing `thermal ablation', we compute mass ablations for impacting planetesimals of radii 30 m to 1 km for different compositions (ice to iron) and a wide range of velocities and impact angles, assuming spherical symmetry. Icy impactors are fully ablated in the outer envelope for a wide range of parameters. Even for Fe impactors substantial ablation occurs in the envelope for a wide range of sizes and velocities. For example, iron impactors of sizes below ~0.5 km and velocities above ~30 km/s are found to ablate by ~60-80% within the outer envelope at pressures below 10^3 bar due to frictional ablation alone. For deeper pressures (~10^7 bar), substantial ablation happens over a wider range of parameters. Therefore, our exploratory study suggests that atmospheric abundances of volatile elements in giant planets reflect their accretion history during formation.
description: 17 pages, 11 figures; Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Deploying learning materials to game content for serious education game development: A case study
Creators: name: Rosyid, Harits Ar
name: Palmerlee, Matt
name: Chen, Ke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The ultimate goals of serious education games (SEG) are to facilitate learning and maximizing enjoyment during playing SEGs. In SEG development, there are normally two spaces to be taken into account: knowledge space regarding learning materials and content space regarding games to be used to convey learning materials. How to deploy the learning materials seamlessly and effectively into game content becomes one of the most challenging problems in SEG development. Unlike previous work where experts in education have to be used heavily, we proposed a novel approach that works toward minimizing the efforts of education experts in mapping learning materials to content space. For a proof-of-concept, we apply the proposed approach in developing an SEG game, named \emph{Chem Dungeon}, as a case study in order to demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed approach. This SEG game has been tested with a number of users, and the user survey suggests our method works reasonably well.
Genbrug af stålkomponenter i byggeriet
Creators: name: Grumsen, Per
name: Lund Jepsen, Kristian
Publisher: name: Technical University of Denmark
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 400505
subject: Construction materials
classificationCode: 400504
subject: Construction engineering
classificationCode: 400510
subject: Structural engineering
classificationCode: 401106
subject: Waste management, reduction, reuse and recycling

description: Genbrug af stålkomponenter i byggeriet. Genbrug af stål uden omsmeltning i et stålværk har store energimæssige fordele, men implementering af strategier for genbrug uden omsmeltning byder også på udfordringer og forhinder, bl.a. fra Eurocodes og byggevareforordningen.Artiklen er gengivet med tilladelse fra fagbladet "Svejsning" udgivet i august 2023.Denne artikel er en del af projektet StrucuralReuse, som du kan finde mere om her:StructuralReuse (dtu.dk)
Angular Momentum of Twisted Radiation from an Electron in Spiral Motion
Creators: name: Katoh, M.
name: Fujimoto, M.
name: Kawaguchi, H.
name: Tsuchiya, K.
name: Ohmi, K.
name: Kaneyasu, T.
name: Taira, Y.
name: Hosaka, M.
name: Mochihashi, A.
name: Takashima, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically demonstrate for the first time that a single free electron in circular/spiral motion emits twisted photons carrying well defined orbital angular momentum along the axis of the electron circulation, in adding to spin angular momentum. We show that, when the electron velocity is relativistic, the radiation field contains harmonic components and the photons of l-th harmonic carry lhbar total angular momentum for each. This work indicates that twisted photons are naturally emitted by free electrons and more ubiquitous in laboratories and in nature than ever been thought.
A Survey on 3D CAD model quality assurance and testing tools
Creators: name: González-Lluch, C.
name: Company, P.
name: Contero, M.
name: Camba, J. D.
name: Plumed, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: J.6

description: A new taxonomy of issues related to CAD model quality is presented, which distinguishes between explicit and procedural models. For each type of model, morphologic, syntactic, and semantic errors are characterized. The taxonomy was validated successfully when used to classify quality testing tools, which are aimed at detecting and repairing data errors that may affect the simplification, interoperability, and reusability of CAD models. The study shows that low semantic level errors that hamper simplification are reasonably covered in explicit representations, although many CAD quality testers are still unaffordable for Small and Medium Enterprises, both in terms of cost and training time. Interoperability has been reasonably solved by standards like STEP AP 203 and AP214, but model reusability is not feasible in explicit representations. Procedural representations are promising, as interactive modeling editors automatically prevent most morphologic errors derived from unsuitable modeling strategies. Interoperability problems between procedural representations are expected to decrease dramatically with STEP AP242. Higher semantic aspects of quality such as assurance of design intent, however, are hardly supported by current CAD quality testers.
Applications of small scale quantum ergodicity in nodal sets
Creators: name: Hezari, Hamid
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The goal of this article is to draw new applications of small scale quantum ergodicity in nodal sets of eigenfunctions. We show that if quantum ergodicity holds on balls of shrinking radius $r(λ) \to 0$, then one can achieve improvements on the recent upper bounds of Logunov and Logunov-Malinnikova on the size of nodal sets, according to a certain power of $r(λ)$. We also show that the order of vanishing results of Donnelly-Fefferman and Dong can be improved. Since by the results of Han and Hezari-Rivière small scale QE holds on negatively curved manifolds at logarithmically shrinking rates, we get logarithmic improvements on such manifolds for the above measurements of eigenfunctions. We also get $o(1)$ improvements for manifolds with ergodic geodesic flows. Our results work for a full density subsequence of any given orthonormal basis of eigenfunctions.
description: 19 pages. Comments are greatly appreciated
Taming outliers in pulsar-timing datasets with hierarchical likelihoods and Hamiltonian sampling
Creators: name: Vallisneri, Michele
name: van Haasteren, Rutger
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Pulsar-timing datasets have been analyzed with great success using probabilistic treatments based on Gaussian distributions, with applications ranging from studies of neutron-star structure to tests of general relativity and searches for nanosecond gravitational waves. As for other applications of Gaussian distributions, outliers in timing measurements pose a significant challenge to statistical inference, since they can bias the estimation of timing and noise parameters, and affect reported parameter uncertainties. We describe and demonstrate a practical end-to-end approach to perform Bayesian inference of timing and noise parameters robustly in the presence of outliers, and to identify these probabilistically. The method is fully consistent (i.e., outlier-ness probabilities vary in tune with the posterior distributions of the timing and noise parameters), and it relies on the efficient sampling of the hierarchical form of the pulsar-timing likelihood. Such sampling has recently become possible with a "no-U-turn" Hamiltonian sampler coupled to a highly customized reparametrization of the likelihood; this code is described elsewhere, but it is already available online. We recommend our method as a standard step in the preparation of pulsar-timing-array datasets: even if statistical inference is not affected, follow-up studies of outlier candidates can reveal unseen problems in radio observations and timing measurements; furthermore, confidence in the results of gravitational-wave searches will only benefit from stringent statistical evidence that datasets are clean and outlier-free.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures, RevTeX 4.1
Quanto è importante risolvere e far risolvere problemi?
Creators: name: Aldon, Gilles
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: History and Overview (math.HO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Doing mathematics implies three levels of manipulation: manipulating the abstract, manipulating symbols and manipulating logic. Teaching mathematics therefore involves the teacher proposing situations in which pupils can explore a small part of mathematics through these manipulations. In doing so, the pupils work on both the heuristics enabling them to confront themselves with a real mathematical research and knowledge in construction. Through examples of didactic situations of problem solving, this article aims to show how problems can be drivers of mathematics learning.
description: in Italian language
#TELresearchers & #HEresearchers with Prof. Paul Ashwin
Creators: name: Wong, Puiyin
Publisher: name: National Teaching Repository
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 390405
subject: Educational technology and computing
classificationCode: 390303
subject: Higher education

description: This is a #HEresearchers sessionPaul should be a very familiar name for everyone in the Educational Research department at Lancaster University, as well as many HE folks out there. With many years experience researching the educational role of HE, how high quality teaching can transfer the lives of students, Paul’s contribution to educational research is to be celebrated. Paul is also a cracking supervisor, fully applying high quality teaching into his own teaching, transferring the lives of many of his PhD students. Your series host knows, because she is one of Paul’s students! ;-) Learn more about Paul: https://bit.ly/PAshwin_1123
Projective Dimensions and Extensions of Modules from Titled to Cluster-Tilted Algebras
Creators: name: Zito, Stephen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 16G20 (Primary), 16G70 (Secondary)

description: We study the module categories of a tilted algebra C and the corresponding cluster-tilted algebra B. We investigate how various properties of a C-module are affected when considered in the module category of B. We give a complete classification of the projective dimension of a C-module inside the module category of B. If a C-module M is rigid, we show two sufficient conditions for M to be a rigid B-module. In particular, if M is an indecomposable and rigid C-module, we prove M is always a rigid B-module.
description: 20 pages. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1410.1732, arXiv:1604.06907 by other authors
Freeze-drying with structured sublimation fronts : visualization with neutron imaging
Creators: name: Vorhauer-Huget, Nicole
name: Mannes, David
name: Hilmer, Mathias
name: Gruber, Sebastian
name: Strobl, Markus
name: Tsotsas, Evangelos
name: Foerst, Petra
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Neutron tomography
subject: Image analysis
subject: Freeze-drying
subject: Front structure
subject: Drying front
subject: 660

description: The particular structure of the sublimation front in vacuum freeze-drying of porous media is, in most situations, not accessible at the pore scale. The classical measurement techniques access the process only globally. Knowledge about the structure of the front, however, is necessary for prescriptive analysis of freeze-drying, as it dictates not only drying velocity, drying time, and overall energy consumption, but also the material properties after drying. This is especially relevant in situations in which the freeze-drying process is carried out close to the collapse temperature of the product. We, therefore, study the sublimation of ice with neutron tomography and analyze the spatial formation of the dry space using the example of frozen cylindrical maltodextrin with drying parameters at the limit of material collapse. We show that the sublimation front forms unique fractal structures that diﬀer strongly from the usual form of a flat front. Distinct dry fingers covering the sample, in addition to a fractal peripheral sublimation front, were observed. The findings are important for the understanding of freeze-drying processes and will serve as a basis for the development of microscale models of freeze-drying.
Using Tolkien's Calendar as a Resource in Science Classes
Creators: name: Vaquero-Martinez, Javier
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Astronomy Education

description: Title: Using Tolkien's Calendar as a Resource in Science Classes

Presenter: Javier Vaquero-Martinez (Universidad de Extremadura, Spain)

 

This was a poster presented at the 5th Shaw-IAU Workshop on Astronomy for Education, organised by the IAU Office of Astronomy for Education (OAE, http//astro4edu.org).

Tolkien's legendarium has been very popular in the last years, mainly thanks to the Lord of the Rings and The Hobbit films, but recently thanks to the series The Rings of Power. It is well known that Tolkien was very thorough in creating this world, with languages, maps, and even calendars for the different folks in Middle-Earth. In this contribution, we explore the use Tolkien's calendar in science class, comparing it against our calendar. This can be used to further motivate students, increase curiosity about not only how calendars work but also about what rules our current calendar follows, as well as the reasons behind it, which are very much related to Astronomy and Earth Sciences. We show that Tolkien calendar outperforms our calendar slightly, despite other drawbacks.

About the 5th Shaw-IAU Workshop on Astronomy for Education:This year’s Shaw-IAU Workshop on Astronomy for Education focuses on two themes: one special practical astronomy education topic and one scientific topic. The special topic is astronomy education outside the classroom, looking at how astronomy can be taught in a diverse range of environments such as science centers, planetaria and youth clubs. The scientific topic is planetary atmospheres, both in the solar system and exoplanets as well as our own Earth. The workshop was organised by the IAU Office of Astronomy for Education (http://astro4edu.org). More details can be found on: https://astro4edu.org/shaw-iau/5th-shaw-iau-workshop/schedule/

Keep up to date with future Shaw-IAU Workshops and other opportunities at the IAU Office of Astronomy for Education by joining our mailing list https://astro4edu.org/mailing-list/

Follow the IAU OAE on X and Facebook under @astro4edu
Star Formation in Nearby Early-Type Galaxies: The Radio Continuum Perspective
Creators: name: Nyland, Kristina
name: Young, Lisa M.
name: Wrobel, Joan M.
name: Davis, Timothy A.
name: Bureau, Martin
name: Alatalo, Katherine
name: Morganti, Raffaella
name: Duc, Pierre-Alain
name: de Zeeuw, P. T.
name: McDermid, Richard M.
name: Crocker, Alison F.
name: Oosterloo, Tom
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a 1.4 GHz Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array (VLA) study of a sample of early-type galaxies (ETGs) from the volume- and magnitude-limited ATLAS-3D survey. The radio morphologies of these ETGs at a resolution of 5" are diverse and include sources that are compact on sub-kpc scales, resolved structures similar to those seen in star-forming spiral galaxies, and kpc-scale radio jets/lobes associated with active nuclei. We compare the 1.4 GHz, molecular gas, and infrared (IR) properties of these ETGs. The most CO-rich ATLAS-3D ETGs have radio luminosities consistent with extrapolations from H_2-mass-derived star formation rates from studies of late-type galaxies. These ETGs also follow the radio-IR correlation. However, ETGs with lower molecular gas masses tend to have less radio emission relative to their CO and IR emission compared to spirals. The fraction of galaxies in our sample with high IR-radio ratios is much higher than in previous studies, and cannot be explained by a systematic underestimation of the radio luminosity due to the presence extended, low-surface-brightness emission that was resolved-out in our VLA observations. In addition, we find that the high IR-radio ratios tend to occur at low IR luminosities, but are not associated with low dynamical mass or metallicity. Thus, we have identified a population of ETGs that have a genuine shortfall of radio emission relative to both their IR and molecular gas emission. A number of mechanisms may conspire to cause this radio deficiency, including a bottom-heavy stellar initial mass function, weak magnetic fields, a higher prevalence of environmental effects compared to spirals and enhanced cosmic ray losses.
description: accepted for publication in MNRAS
Coating reactions on vanadium and V-Si-B Alloys during powder pack-cementation
Creators: name: Hasemann, Georg
name: Harris, Chad
name: Krüger, Manja
name: Perepezko, John H.
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Refractory metals
subject: Pack-cementation
subject: Coatings
subject: Oxidation protection
subject: 621.8

description: Alloys in the V-Si-B system are a new and promising class of light-weight refractory metal materials for high temperature applications. Presently, the main attention is focused on three-phase alloy compositions that consist of a vanadium solid solution phase and the two intermetallic phases V3Si and V5SiB2. Similar to other refractory metal alloys, a major drawback is the poor oxidation resistance. In this study, initial pack-cementation experiments were performed on commercially available pure vanadium and a three-phase alloy V-9Si-5B to achieve an oxidation protection for this new type of high temperature material. This advance in oxidation resistance now enables the attractive mechanical properties of V-Si-B alloys to be used for high temperature structural applications.
The power of photons: Cavity-mediated energy transfer between quantum devices
Creators: name: Crescente, Alba
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The coherent energy transfer between a quantum charger and a quantum battery is analyzed. In particular, we study how to improve the direct energy transfer by adding a photonic cavity as a mediator. We show that the additional degree of freedom given by the photons consistently improves the transfer performances, above all in the off-resonant case, where there is a mismatch in the energy levels. An experimental feasible way to switch-on and off the interaction between each part of the systems and the possibility of changing the energy levels mismatch will be described, in view of finding the best working setup.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures, Communications: SIF Congress 2022
Safety Shielding under Delayed Observation
Creators: name: Córdoba, Filip Cano
name: Palmisano, Alexander
name: Fränzle, Martin
name: Bloem, Roderick
name: Könighofer, Bettina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Agents operating in physical environments need to be able to handle delays in the input and output signals since neither data transmission nor sensing or actuating the environment are instantaneous. Shields are correct-by-construction runtime enforcers that guarantee safe execution by correcting any action that may cause a violation of a formal safety specification. Besides providing safety guarantees, shields should interfere minimally with the agent. Therefore, shields should pick the safe corrective actions in such a way that future interferences are most likely minimized. Current shielding approaches do not consider possible delays in the input signals in their safety analyses. In this paper, we address this issue. We propose synthesis algorithms to compute \emph{delay-resilient shields} that guarantee safety under worst-case assumptions on the delays of the input signals. We also introduce novel heuristics for deciding between multiple corrective actions, designed to minimize future shield interferences caused by delays. As a further contribution, we present the first integration of shields in a realistic driving simulator. We implemented our delayed shields in the driving simulator \textsc{Carla}. We shield potentially unsafe autonomous driving agents in different safety-critical scenarios and show the effect of delays on the safety analysis.
description: 6 pages, Published at ICAPS 2023 (Main Track)
Black Phosphorus Plasmonics: Anisotropic Elliptical Propagation and Nonlocality-Induced Canalization
Creators: name: Correas-Serrano, D.
name: Gomez-Diaz, J. S.
name: Melcon, A. Alvarez
name: Alù, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate unusual surface plasmons polariton (SPP) propagation and light-matter interactions in ultrathin black phosphorus (BP) films, a 2D material that exhibits exotic electrical and physical properties due to its extremely anisotropic crystal structure. Recently, it has been speculated that the ultra-confined surface plasmons supported by BP may present various topologies of wave propagation bands, ranging from anisotropic elliptic to hyperbolic, across the mid- and near-infrared regions of the electromagnetic spectrum. By carefully analyzing the natural nonlocal anisotropic optical conductivity of BP, derived using the Kubo formalism and an effective low-energy Hamiltonian, we demonstrate here that the SPP wavenumber cutoff imposed by nonlocality prohibits that they acquire an arbitrary hyperbolic topology, forcing operation in the canalization regime. The resulting nonlocality-induced canalization presents interesting properties, as it is inherently broadband, enables large light-matter interactions in the very near field, and allows extreme device miniaturization. We also determine fundamental bounds to the confinement of BP plasmons, which are significantly weaker than for graphene, thus allowing a larger local density of states. Our results confirm the potential of BP as a promising reconfigurable plasmonic platform, with exciting applications, such as planar hyperlenses, optoelectronic components, imaging, and communication systems.
description: 16 pages, 8 figures
Boosting Lya and HeII 1640A Line Fluxes from Pop III Galaxies: Stochastic IMF Sampling and Departures from Case-B
Creators: name: Mas-Ribas, Lluís
name: Dijkstra, Mark
name: Forero-Romero, Jaime E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit calculations of nebular hydrogen Lya and HeII 1640A line strengths for population III galaxies, undergoing continuous and bursts of star formation. We focus on initial mass functions (IMFs) motivated by recent theoretical studies, which generally span a lower range of stellar masses than earlier works. We also account for case-B departures and the stochastic sampling of the IMF. In agreement with previous works, we find that departures from case-B can enhance the Lya flux by a factor of a few, but we argue that this enhancement is driven mainly by collisional excitation and ionization, and not due to photoionization from the n = 2 state of atomic hydrogen. The increased sensitivity of the Lya flux to the high-energy end of the galaxy spectrum makes it more subject to stochastic sampling of the IMF. The latter introduces a dispersion in the predicted nebular line fluxes around the deterministic value by as much as a factor of ~4. In contrast, the stochastic sampling of the IMF has less impact on the emerging Lyman Werner (LW) photon flux. When case-B departures and stochasticity effects are combined, nebular line emission from population III galaxies can be up to one order of magnitude brighter than predicted by 'standard' calculations that do not include these effects. This enhances the prospects for detection with future facilities such as JWST and large, groundbased telescopes.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures, SEDs publicly available. Accepted for publication in ApJ
EuPRAXIA@SPARC_LAB Status Update
Creators: name: Villa, Fabio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: EuPRAXIA@SPARC_LAB is a new multi-disciplinary user-facility that is currently under construction at the Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati of the INFN in the framework of the EuPRAXIA collaboration. The electron beam will be accelerated by an X-band normal conducting linac followed by a Plasma WakeField Acceleration (PWFA) stage. It will be characterized by a small footprint and it will drive two FEL beamlines for experiments, one in the VUV (50-180 nm) and the other in the XUV-soft x-rays (4-10 nm) spectral region. As an ancillary beamline, we are also including a betatron source in the x-ray from laser-plasma interaction. We present the status update of our facility.