cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Assessment of temporal and geographic variability in lead in drinking water for a system under different compliance conditions
Creators: name: Vijayashanthar, Vasikan
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2023
Subjects: Civil Engineering not elsewhere classified
Environmental Engineering not elsewhere classified

description: Lead concentrations in drinking water vary geographically and temporally within the water distribution system. Understanding this variability is key to assessing and addressing elevated lead concentrations and protecting children who spend extended amounts of time in multiple locations such as their schools and their homes. The objective of this work was to evaluate how temporal and geographic variability in lead concentrations in drinking water systems affects (1) assessment of corrosion control efficacy and (2) potential childhood lead exposure changes during pandemic-associated school closures. Three main conclusions were reached through evaluation of a unique data set of extensive residential and school sampling, along with compliance sampling during a Lead and Copper Rule (LCR) exceedance. First, drinking water lead concentrations at homes can be divided into two types, and data from sampling at sites confirmed to be Tier I could be used to assess corrosion compliance between regular LCR sampling times, while sampling at sites without lead plumbing should not be used for such assessment. Second, the targeted Tier 1 sampling prescribed in the LCR is sufficient for determination of ineffective corrosion control when compared to other geographically targeted sampling protocols using non-targeted and targeted sampling methods. Geographically biased sampling informed by the location of clusters of elevated lead concentrations, the prevalence of lead sources and customer self-selection bias all result in similar compliance sampling outcomes as the targeted Tier 1 sampling protocol. Third, children’s potential exposure from lead in drinking water changed during school closures and was affected by the interventions taken to reduce lead in drinking water. Differences in the occurrence of elevated lead concentrations at schools and in homes within their corresponding attendance areas lead to differences in the probability of potential exposure under different school closure and reopening scenarios.
Novel biomarkers and protein-protein interactions in Schizophrenia ntitled Item
Creators: name: Islam, Tasnim
name: Silverman, Rosalind
name: Silverman, Lorelei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Other health sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Schizophrenia is a mental disorder characterized by disruptions in thought processes, perceptions, emotional responsiveness, and social interactions. Although the course of schizophrenia varies among individuals, schizophrenia is typically persistent and can be both severe and disabling. Effective biomarkers could validate new treatment targets or pathways, predict response, aid in selection of patients for therapy, determine treatment regimens, and provide a rationale for personalized treatments. Bioinformatic analyses of the differentially expressed, whether increased or decreased proteins, were compiled from various research articles. These are proteins that were identified in blood, saliva, or peripheral tissue samples as compared to controls. A total of 88 proteins fitting this description were identified and the genes that are responsible for encoding these proteins were then identified using the PUBMED gene database. Next, the list of gene IDs were inputted into String functional protein association networks software to identify protein-protein interactions amongst the gene IDs. Afterwards, Panther classification system was used to model the functional classifications in the form of charts. Bioinformatic analyses of the differentially expressed proteins compiled from various research articles highlighted multiple major signaling pathways involved in schizophrenia suggests dysregulation of multiple pathways and protein interaction networks. The novel biomarkers identified can be used after validation to better understand to diagnose and monitor Schizophrenia.
On the technique for the recovery of the spectrum of turbulence in astrophysical disks
Creators: name: Bisikalo, D. V.
name: Kurbatov, E. P.
name: Pavlyuchenkov, Ya. N.
name: Zhilkin, A. G.
name: Kaygorodov, P. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a method that can be used to recover the spectrum of turbulence from observations of optically thin emission lines formed in astrophysical disks. Within this method we analyze how line intensity fluctuations depend on the angular resolution of the instrument, used for the observations. The method allows us to restore the slope of the power spectrum of velocity turbulent pulsations and estimate the upper boundary of the turbulence scale.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS. 14 pages, 7 figures
Multi time-step wave-front reconstruction for tomographic Adaptive-Optics systems
Creators: name: Ono, Yoshito H.
name: Akiyama, Masayuki
name: Oya, Shin
name: Lardiere, Olivier
name: Andersen, David R.
name: Correia, Carlos
name: Jackson, Kate
name: Bradley, Colin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In tomographic adaptive-optics (AO) systems, errors due to tomographic wave-front reconstruction limit the performance and angular size of the scientific field of view (FoV), where AO correction is effective. We propose a multi time-step tomographic wave-front reconstruction method to reduce the tomographic error by using the measurements from both the current and the previous time-steps simultaneously. We further outline the method to feed the reconstructor with both wind speed and direction of each turbulence layer. An end-to-end numerical simulation, assuming a multi-object AO (MOAO) system on a 30 m aperture telescope, shows that the multi time-step reconstruction increases the Strehl ratio (SR) over a scientific FoV of 10 arcminutes in diameter by a factor of 1.5--1.8 when compared to the classical tomographic reconstructor, depending on the guide star asterism and with perfect knowledge of wind speeds and directions. We also evaluate the multi time-step reconstruction method and the wind estimation method on the RAVEN demonstrator under laboratory setting conditions. The wind speeds and directions at multiple atmospheric layers are measured successfully in the laboratory experiment by our wind estimation method with errors below 2 \ms. With these wind estimates, the multi time-step reconstructor increases the SR value by a factor of 1.2--1.5, which is consistent with a prediction from end-to-end numerical simulation.
description: 16 pages, 13 figures, Accepted for publication in JOSA-A
Essays on Correlated Information Flows and Asset Pricing
Creators: name: XU HONG
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 150201 Finance
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Motivated by the literature that investors have limited attention and are subject to constraints in processing information, this thesis studies investor attention and information processing, and their asset-pricing implications in different contexts. The findings have important implications in addressing return patterns that seem anomalous to traditional finance theories on comovement in asset prices.
Thin-Film Polycrystalline-Silicon Solar Cells Based on a Seed Layer Approach
Creators: name: Gordon, I.
name: Van Gestel, D.
name: Qiu, Y.
name: Venkatachalam, S.
name: Beaucarne, G.
name: Poortmans, J.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: Thin Films
Thin Film Crystalline Silicon

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 2053-2056
description: The price of photovoltaic electricity could be lowered substantially if efficient solar cells could be
made from polycrystalline-silicon (pc-Si) thin films on inexpensive substrates. A promising way to make pc-Si layers
for solar cells is to use aluminum-induced crystallization (AIC) of amorphous silicon in combination with thermal
CVD. To obtain efficient pc-Si solar cells, the material quality has to be optimized and cell processes different from
those applied for standard bulk-Si solar cells have to be developed. In this paper, we present our best pc-Si solar cells
so far and we discuss some key features of our solar cell process. We also discuss the structural and electronic quality
of our pc-Si layers.
We obtained efficiencies of up to 8% on polycrystalline-silicon solar cells made by AIC in combination with thermal
CVD on alumina substrates. By replacing conventional diffused emitters by a-Si/c-Si heterojunction emitters, much
higher Voc values were obtained. The use of plasma texturing led to higher current densities due to an enhanced
coupling of light into the pc-Si layers. The efficiency of our pc-Si solar cells is limited by the presence of a high
intragrain defect density in our layers. A detailed TEM study revealed that most of these defects are already present in
the AIC seed layers prior to epitaxial thickening. To improve the material quality of our pc-Si layers, we will
therefore need to improve the seed layer quality.
Integration of PV Systems in Island Electricity Grid: Specific Problems and Possible Solutions
Creators: name: Notton, G.
name: Ezzat, M.
name: Cristofari, C.
name: Thibault, C.
name: Lazarov, V.
name: Stoyanov, L.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: PV Systems
Large PV Power Plants and High Penetration of Distributed PV: System Aspects and Grid Integration

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 4957-4961
description: The integration of renewable energy systems (RES) in an island grid with a small interconnection is
limited by their stochastic nature; in small territory, the dispersion of sites is too limited for modifying the wind and
solar variability and to smooth the “fatal” energy production. Introducing energy storages is rarely justified but, in
islands, adding a hydro-pumping storage improve the “quality” of the electricity, reduce the number and peak power
of fuel engines and improve the energy management. We present problematic of electricity production and RES use
in islands. First results of system simulation are presented. We observe the behaviour of the various energy flows and
parameters. The assumptions are explained and the future trends developed.
Hyperfine coupling of hole and nuclear spins in symmetric GaAs quantum dots
Creators: name: Vidal, M.
name: Durnev, M. V.
name: Bouet, L.
name: Amand, T.
name: Glazov, M. M.
name: Ivchenko, E. L.
name: Zhou, P.
name: Wang, G.
name: Mano, T.
name: Kuroda, T.
name: Marie, X.
name: Sakoda, K.
name: Urbaszek, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In self assembled III-V semiconductor quantum dots, valence holes have longer spin coherence times than the conduction electrons, due to their weaker coupling to nuclear spin bath fluctuations. Prolonging hole spin stability relies on a better understanding of the hole to nuclear spin hyperfine coupling which we address both in experiment and theory in the symmetric (111) GaAs/AlGaAs droplet dots. In magnetic fields applied along the growth axis, we create a strong nuclear spin polarization detected through the positively charged trion X$^+$ Zeeman and Overhauser splittings. The observation of four clearly resolved photoluminescence lines - a unique property of the (111) nanosystems - allows us to measure separately the electron and hole contribution to the Overhauser shift. The hyperfine interaction for holes is found to be about five times weaker than that for electrons. Our theory shows that this ratio depends not only on intrinsic material properties but also on the dot shape and carrier confinement through the heavy-hole mixing, an opportunity for engineering the hole-nuclear spin interaction by tuning dot size and shape.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, supplement
Essays on the Economics of Blood
Creators: name: ADAM HARRY IRVING
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 140208 Health Economics
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This thesis examines four research questions relating to the economics of blood including an assessment of interventions for increasing donations, whether the age of blood at transfusion impacts on costs and quality of life, whether national clinical guidelines designed to reduce unnecessary transfusions were effective in cardiac surgery and if the guidelines reduced variation in care.
The financial benefits of information technology adoption in nonprofit organizations
Creators: name: Mao, Hanjin
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2022

description: Information technology (IT) brings opportunities for nonprofit organizations. However, lack of funding sources is one of the main barriers to IT adoption in nonprofits, especially when nonprofits are operating with limited resources and pressures from funders to focus resources on beneficiaries. The financial returns of IT investment and whether IT adoption in nonprofit organizations is worth the money remains uncertain in the existing literature. Thus, this three-essay dissertation investigates the financial benefits of IT adoption in nonprofits.The first study uses 990-panel data of over 9,000 nonprofits from 2010 to 2017 to examine how IT expenses generate financial returns for nonprofit organizations. The results show that IT investment allows nonprofits to increase their financial capacity. IT expenditures positively impact total revenue, charitable donations, and program service income. Moreover, it improves management efficiency, but not fundraising efficiency or program service efficiency.The second study looks at social media as a low-cost and easy-to-adopt IT. To test the impact of social media engagement on fundraising campaign outcomes, this study samples 100 small nonprofits that disclosed their 2020 Giving Tuesday campaign performance on Twitter and analyzed their account activities using a computational social science method. The impact of account activeness and engagement on fundraising campaign outcomes is investigated in multiple periods - within the #GivingTuesday hashtag, one week, one month, one year, and since account establishment. Results find mixed effects of social media engagement on fundraising performance.The third study visits the problem from donors’ perspective. By conducting an online survey experiment among 1,040 participants, this study investigates the donors’ reaction to nonprofits’ IT budget, purposes, and performance. Results show that IT adoption performance has a positive impact on donations. Surprisingly, donors are more likely to donate to organizations with higher IT budgets. However, the detailed information disclosed about the purposes of IT projects negatively influences their willingness to donate.This dissertation contributes to the nonprofit management literature on IT, overhead costs, communication effectiveness, signaling and reputation building, public engagement, and individual giving. It also provides practical suggestions for nonprofit managers to adopt IT strategically and effectively.
Essays on Economic Shocks in Networks
Creators: name: ASHANI SAMINDIKA KUMARI AMARASINGHE
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Economics

description: This thesis explores the role of networks in disseminating the effects of economic shocks, within the realms of the political economy. The three self-contained chapters of the thesis focus on networks from a broad macroeconomic perspective, and apply a variety of novel and unconventional data to provide new insights on relationships within and between networks. Through the application of a set of arguably exogenous shocks, this thesis aims at causally inferring the direct and spillover effects attributable to such shocks. The three chapters also highlight the importance of linking academic research with policy making agendas.
Manufacturing of Large Area Thin Film Silicon Flexible Solar Cell Modules Employing a Temporary Superstrate Foil
Creators: name: Hamers, E.
name: Lenssen, J.
name: Borreman, A.
name: Ammerlaan, J.
name: Broekhof, S.
name: Dubbeldam, G.C.
name: Perin, S.
name: Scheerder, W.
name: Sportel, E.
name: Stigter, L.
name: Welling, F.
name: Schlatmann, R.
name: Gordijn, A.
name: Jongerden, G.J.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: Thin Films
Amorphous and Microcrystalline Silicon

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 2065-2068
description: Nuon Helianthos has developed a proprietary process to manufacture large area flexible thin film solar
cells on a temporary carrier foil. The resulting flexible light weight PV laminates are intended for large area solar
power applications. Integrated in or on building materials PV laminates will serve as an electricity generating skin
for buildings and other structures in the built environment. The ability to produce such laminates on kilometer long
substrates will enable cost competitive solar electricity generation. While preparing for upscaling, Nuon Helianthos is
operating a roll-to-roll pilot line capable of producing 6 x 0.3 m2 amorphous silicon PV laminates yielding 6.7%
initial aperture area efficiency. Stabilized energy efficiency amounts to 6% on 840 cm2 scale. With a parallel lab line
amorphous/microcrystalline silicon tandem cell modules with stabilized aperture area efficiency of 7.8% are
fabricated. The pilot line processes for single and multi-junction thin film silicon based photovoltaic laminates are
being scaled up for 1.2 m wide substrates.
Habitat variability does not generally promote metabolic network modularity in flies and mammals
Creators: name: Takemoto, Kazuhiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The evolution of species habitat range is an important topic over a wide range of research fields. In higher organisms, habitat range evolution is generally associated with genetic events such as gene duplication. However, the specific factors that determine habitat variability remain unclear at higher levels of biological organization (e.g., biochemical networks). One widely accepted hypothesis developed from both theoretical and empirical analyses is that habitat variability promotes network modularity; however, this relationship has not yet been directly tested in higher organisms. Therefore, I investigated the relationship between habitat variability and metabolic network modularity using compound and enzymatic networks in flies and mammals. Contrary to expectation, there was no clear positive correlation between habitat variability and network modularity. As an exception, the network modularity increased with habitat variability in the enzymatic networks of flies. However, the observed association was likely an artifact, and the frequency of gene duplication appears to be the main factor contributing to network modularity. These findings raise the question of whether or not there is a general mechanism for habitat range expansion at a higher level (i.e., above the gene scale). This study suggests that the currently widely accepted hypothesis for habitat variability should be reconsidered.
description: 21 pages, 4 figures
Learners as Writers: A Case Study of EFL Creative Writing Resources and Practices in Indonesia
Creators: name: HENNY HERAWATI
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 200303 English as a Second Language
subject: FOS: Languages and literature
subject: 190402 Creative Writing (incl. Playwriting)
subject: FOS: Arts (arts, history of arts, performing arts, music)

description: This research project aims at investigating students’ and teachers’ EFL creative writing practices in Indonesia. This qualitative case study, situated in two universities, involved 11 university students and four teachers. The methods of data collection were interviews, observations, and documents (journals and samples of students’ writings). Amabile’s theory of creativity, Dewantara’s 3N learning principles, and Kaufman and Beghetto’s Four-C developmental trajectory theory were synthesised as the theoretical framework. Some key findings are: ‘novelty’ and ‘originality’ were culturally interpreted; being ‘observant’ emerged as an important attribute; synthesising and using bilingual ability were significant capacities employed in the process; and a few misalignments existed between views and practices.
The off-centered Seyfert-like compact emission in the nuclear region of NGC 3621
Creators: name: Menezes, R. B.
name: Steiner, J. E.
name: da Silva, Patrícia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze an optical data cube of the nuclear region of NGC 3621, taken with the integral field unit of the Gemini Multi-object Spectrograph. We found that the previously detected central line emission in this galaxy actually comes from a blob, located at a projected distance of 2.14" +/- 0.08" (70.1 +/- 2.6 pc) from the stellar nucleus. Only diffuse emission was detected in the rest of the field of view, with a deficit of emission at the position of the stellar nucleus. Diagnostic diagram analysis reveals that the off-centered emitting blob has a Seyfert 2 spectrum. We propose that the line-emitting blob may be a "fossil" emission-line region or a light "echo" from an active galactic nucleus (AGN), which was significantly brighter in the past. Our estimates indicate that the bolometric luminosity of the AGN must have decreased by a factor of ~13 - 500 during the last ~230 years. A second scenario to explain the morphology of the line-emitting areas in the nuclear region of NGC 3621 involves no decrease of the AGN bolometric luminosity and establishes that the AGN is highly obscured toward the observer but not toward the line-emitting blob. The third scenario proposed here assumes that the off-centered line-emitting blob is a recoiling supermassive black hole, after the coalescence of two black holes. Finally, an additional hypothesis is that the central X-ray source is not an AGN, but an X-ray binary. This idea is consistent with all the scenarios we proposed.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures, 1 table, published online in ApJ
Holographic method for site-resolved detection of a 2D array of ultracold atoms
Creators: name: Hoffmann, Daniel Kai
name: Deissler, Benjamin
name: Limmer, Wolfgang
name: Denschlag, Johannes Hecker
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a novel approach to site-resolved detection of a 2D gas of ultracold atoms in an optical lattice. A near resonant laser beam is coherently scattered by the atomic array and its interference pattern is holographically recorded by superimposing it with a reference laser beam on a CCD chip. Fourier transformation of the recorded intensity pattern reconstructs the atomic distribution in the lattice with single-site resolution. The holographic detection method requires only a few hundred scattered photons per atom in order to achieve a high reconstruction fidelity. Therefore, additional cooling during detection might not be necessary even for light atomic elements such as lithium.
description: 9 pages, 9 figures
Supplementary document for Microconnectomics reveals human retinal mitochondria that align with reflective bands in optical coherence tomography - 6585805.pdf
Creators: name: Kar, Deepayan
name: Kim, Yeon Jin
name: Packer, Orin
name: Clark, Mark
name: Cao, Dongfeng
name: Owsley, Cynthia
name: Dacey, Dennis
name: Curcio, Christine
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2023
Subjects: Vision Science

description: Supplement 1
Characterization of Doping Via Laser Chemical Processing (LCP)
Creators: name: Rodofili, A.
name: Hopman, S.
name: Fell, A.
name: Mayer, K.
name: Mesec, M.
name: Granek, F.
name: Glunz, S.W.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Materials and Cells

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 1727-1731
description: Laser Chemical Processing (LCP) is a laser-assisted technique that allows for various applications
within solar cell fabrication. With appropriate chemicals as dopant media, the LCP process can be used for local
doping of silicon wafers. With n-type LCP selective emitters efficiencies exceeding 20% have been achieved.
However for further optimization and understanding of the process, a detailed characterization has to be performed.
But appropriate methods for such a characterization are not available, yet. This paper presents a test structure that
allows to measure the average sheet resistance of single LCP grooves and the specific contact resistance of contacts
to LCP grooves. It is used here to study the impact of laser pulse energy on sheet and contact resistance. With
phosphoric acid (85 wt%) as dopant a minimum sheet resistance of 13 Ω/ and a minimum specific contact
resistance of 2 x 10-5 Ωcm² for evaporated contacts have been achieved in the low pulse energy range between 20 μJ
and 30 μJ. The proposed test structure can be used for future characterization of the LCP process focusing on new
doping chemicals and for studying the influence of other process parameters
Role of surface termination in realizing well-isolated topological surface states within the bulk band gap in TlBiSe$_2$ and TlBiTe$_2$
Creators: name: Singh, Bahadur
name: Lin, Hsin
name: Prasad, R.
name: Bansil, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electronic structures associated with the flat (polar) Se/Te- or Tl-terminated surfaces of TlBiSe$_2$ and TlBiTe$_2$ are predicted to harbor not only Dirac cone states, but also trivial dangling bond states near the Fermi energy. However, the latter, trivial states have never been observed in photoemission measurements. In order to address this discrepancy, we have carried out {\it ab-initio} calculations for various surfaces of TlBiSe$_2$ and TlBiTe$_2$. A rough nonpolar surface with an equal number of Se/Te and Tl atoms in the surface atomic layer is found to destroy the trivial dangling bond states, leaving only the Dirac cone states in the bulk energy gap. The resulting energy dispersions of the Dirac states are in good accord with the corresponding experimental dispersions in TlBiSe$_2$ as well as TlBiTe$_2$. We also show that in the case of flat, Se terminated, high-index (221) and (112) surfaces of TlBiSe$_2$, the trivial surface states shift energetically below the Dirac node and become well-separated from the Dirac cone states.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures, Accepted for publication in Physical Review B (2016)
Crystalline Silicon Thin-Film Solar Cells From the Porous Silicon Process Applying Convection Assisted Chemical Vapor Deposition
Creators: name: Terheiden, B.
name: Kunz, T.
name: Burkert, I.
name: Horbelt, R.
name: Plagwitz, H.
name: Brendel, R.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: Thin Films
Thin Film Crystalline Silicon

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 2049-2052
description: Convection assisted chemical vapor deposition (CoCVD) is applied for the first time to
monocrystalline Si thin-film solar cells from the porous silicon (PSI) layer transfer process. The CoCVD reactor
allows for Si deposition on large areas of up to 43 × 43 cm2. The bulk diffusion length of the epitaxial layer deposited
by CoCVD on PSI substrates is Lbulk = (85±5) μm, which is almost three times the cell thickness and is similar to
diffusion lengths achieved in commercial CVD reactors used in microelectronics. The simple cell process includes an
epitaxially grown back surface field layer and a front surface passivation by a silicon nitride-coated amorphous
silicon layer. Despite a planar front surface the cell efficiency is 12.0% (VOC = 590 mV, JSC = 26.7 mA/cm2,
FF = 76.4%) for a cell size of 4 cm2. Thus the CoCVD method is suitable for fabricating efficient PSI solar cells.
Keywords: c-Si, transfer process, epitaxy
Flavour dependence of the pion and kaon form factors and parton distribution functions
Creators: name: Hutauruk, Parada T. P.
name: Cloet, Ian C.
name: Thomas, Anthony W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The separate quark flavour contributions to the pion and kaon valence quark distribution functions are studied, along with the corresponding electromagnetic form factors in the space-like region. The calculations are made using the solution of the Bethe-Salpeter equation for the model of Nambu and Jona-Lasinio with proper-time regularization. Both the pion and kaon form factors and the valence quark distribution functions reproduce many of the features of the available empirical data. The larger mass if the strange quark naturally explains the empirical fact that the ratio $u_{K^+}(x)/u_{π^+}(x)$ drops below unity at large $x$, with a value of approximately $M^2_u/M_s^2$ as $x \to 1$. With regard to the elastic form factors we report a large flavour dependence, with the $u$-quark contribution to the kaon form factor being an order of magnitude smaller than that of the $s$-quark at large $Q^2$, which may be a sensitive measure of confinement effects in QCD. Surprisingly though, the total $K^+$ and $π^+$ form factors differ by only 10\%.
description: 9 pages, 14 figures
Diffusion through Semitransparent Barriers on p-Type Silicon Wafers
Creators: name: Ferrada, P.
name: Harney, R.
name: Wefringhaus, E.
name: Lossen, J.
name: Meyer, K.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Materials and Cells

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 1897-1900
description: In this work diffusion through silicon oxide as a semitransparent barrier was investigated in order to
apply this knowledge to the development of solar cells with a selective emitter. Several oxide thicknesses were grown
and different diffusions were performed. The sheet resistance was continuously measured to control the diffusion
through the oxide layer. After finding the best oxidation-diffusion combination which ensured a proper selectivity,
the oxide layer on the wafers was opened using two different etching pastes. Then the phosphorus diffusion was
carried out. Next, silicon nitride deposition and metallization followed. An efficiency of 17,73% for 156×156mm2
solar cells with an industrially applicable process was achieved.
Towards Dynamic Minerals-criticality Evaluations using Game Theory and Statistical Learning
Creators: name: YE YUAN
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Economics
subject: 90799 Environmental Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Environmental engineering
subject: 90599 Civil Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Civil engineering
subject: 91405 Mining Engineering

description: A new methodology to quantify minerals criticality is developed—the criticality systems of minerals. This methodology uses game theory modellings and statistical learning methods to determine which minerals are more critical, i.e the combination of a higher supply risk and a higher impact if the supply is restricted, to an national-level mineral end users.
Testing Methods to Quantify the Effects of Irradiation of Various Energies Protons and Electrons on the Performance of Triple Junction Solar Cells
Creators: name: Blanco Moriana, G.
name: Fernández-Marín, J.
name: Jüngst, G.
name: Taylor, S.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics: New Concepts and Ultra-high Efficiency
Solar Cells, Modules and PV Systems for Space Applications

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 872-876
description: This paper reports the methodology followed to get results of electrical performance of
InGaP/GaAs/Ge triple-junction (TJ) solar cells measured at INTA-SPASOLAB after irradiation tests. The method
used for assessing the solar cell’s degradation, under these working conditions, requires the irradiation and
measurement of several batches of cells. The aim of these irradiation and testing sequences is to generate a large
database containing all the main parameters which characterize the degradation of a solar cell under proton and
electron irradiation. The electron and proton energies used in this work are representative of those registered in
space, taking into account practical limitations. Regarding the electron irradiation, three different energies have been
used: 0.5 MeV, 1 MeV and 3 MeV; in the case of protons five different energies have been selected: 30 KeV, 100
KeV, 300 KeV, 750 KeV and 6.5 MeV. After irradiation, I-V curves and spectral response measurements have been
carried out.
Supplementary document for Microconnectomics reveals human retinal mitochondria that align with reflective bands in optical coherence tomography - 6582431.pdf
Creators: name: Kar, Deepayan
name: Kim, Yeon Jin
name: Packer, Orin
name: Clark, Mark
name: Cao, Dongfeng
name: Owsley, Cynthia
name: Dacey, Dennis
name: Curcio, Christine
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2023
Subjects: Vision Science

description: Supplemental Document
On the characteristics and stability of the wakes of cylinders with a triangular cross-section
Creators: name: ZHI YUEN NG
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 91501 Computational Fluid Dynamics
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies

description: Fluid flowing past a cylindrical structure can change the way it moves upon contact with the cylinder. Abrupt changes in their dynamics occur through transitions and can elicit a response from the cylinder through oscillations and larger air resistance, amongst other responses, which may be detrimental to engineering structures if overlooked or underestimated. This thesis investigates the causes of such transitions when the cylinder presents sharp corners to- or is asymmetrically aligned with the flow. The results here demonstrates when such transitions may occur and the fast transition to wake turbulence thereafter, and how the structure might react to it.
Al2O3 Rear Surface Passivation for Silicon Ribbon Solar Cells
Creators: name: Ebser, J.
name: Junge, J.
name: Lüder, T.
name: Seren, S.
name: Terheiden, B.
name: Hahn, G.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Materials and Cells

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 1134-1137
description: In this work the application of an Al2O3 surface passivation layer to low-cost multicrystalline
silicon ribbon material is investigated. Symmetrical lifetime samples are prepared from adjacent p-doped EFG
(Edge-defined Film-fed Growth) wafers and spatially resolved μPCD (Microwave detected PhotoConductance
Decay) measurements are carried out to determine the minority charge carrier lifetime. It is shown that even very
thin layers (5 nm) of Al2O3 can provide an excellent surface passivation of the mentioned silicon ribbon material.
Instead of annealing in N2 ambience a MIRHP (Microwave Induced Remote Hydrogen Plasma) treatment is
applied. This process step allows hydrogen atoms to pass the thin Al2O3 layer and to increase lifetime by
passivating recombinative defects in the bulk material. In addition to the Al2O3 layer, hydrogen-rich silicon
nitride (SiNx:H) is deposited by PECVD (Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition) on top of selected
Al2O3 samples to increase the mechanical and chemical stability during a subsequent solar cell process. This
deposition can replace the necessary Al2O3 annealing step leading to a comparable passivation quality. Finally,
2 x 2 cm2 solar cells are processed including the Al2O3 rear side passivation in a photolithography based highefficiency
process reaching efficiencies above 18% on multicrystalline EFG material [1].
Giant magnetocaloric effect near room temperature in the off-stoichiometric Mn-Co-Ge alloy
Creators: name: Sharma, V. K.
name: Manekar, M. A.
name: Srivastava, Himanshu
name: Roy, S. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a giant magnetocaloric effect near room temperature in an off-stoichiometric Mn-Co-Ge alloy, across the magnetostructural transition. The isothermal entropy change accompanying this transition has a peak value of nearly 40 J/kg-K near 297 K and a refrigerant capacity of 270 J/kg with the hot end at 302.5 K and cold end at 293.5 K. We also present an experimental protocol to avoid spurious peaks in the magnetocaloric effect across a sharp first order magnetostructural transition, not confined to Mn-Co-Ge alone, where metastability during the transition could influence the measured magnetization and thus the estimated entropy change. The estimated entropy change in the present off-stoichiometric Mn-Co-Ge alloy is possibly the highest reported value near room temperature in undoped Mn-Co-Ge alloys and underlines the potential of the alloy for technological applications in room temperature magnetic refrigeration.
description: Submitted to Appl. Phys. Lett
Place, Space, and Motion
Creators: name: Beere, Jonathan
name: Helmig, Christoph
name: Noble, Christopher
name: Rosen, Jacob
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: 100 Philosophie und Psychologie::110 Metaphysik::114 Raum

description: (a) Topics and Goals. The Junior Research Group »Place, Space and Motion« investigates the role of spatial concepts in physical theories in the millennium from Plato (4th century BCE) through Philoponus and Simplicius (6th century CE). In particular, we examine the explicit theoretical views of ancient physicists and philosophers concerning space, the spatial features of bodies, and the existence of isomorphisms among space, change, and time. Projects are devoted to issues in Plato’s Timaeus and Aristotle’s Physics, and to the interwoven reception of these texts in Middle Platonism and Late Platonism. We trace the evolving answers given to such central questions as whether space is metaphysically basic or is rather dependent upon bodies or even non-spatial entities (such as souls); the possibility of empty space; the causal role of space in nature; how spatial structures make certain kinds of change possible or necessary. The group aims to produce a series of essays and commentaries examining key texts of Plato and Aristotle and tracing the reception and transformation of their views in Middle- and Late Platonism. (b) Methods. The group engages in close reading and interpretation of ancient texts, with the aim of constructing a history of engagement with the questions indicated above. The main areas of expertise brought to bear on the relevant texts lie in classical philology, history of ideas, history of science, and systematic philosophy. In a weekly research seminar, individual research projects and results are presented in detail and discussed in the light of these varied disciplines and skill sets. (c) State of Discussion. Relevant texts are interpreted both internally and in the light of their relationships with earlier sources and later readings. In this way a narrative is emerging of development and interrelationship among ancient theories of space – a narrative with some shape and coherence, but without the suppression of details and uncertainties. The group is also beginning to pay more attention to epistemological issues, concerning the sources of theoretical knowledge about space, and the evolving standards of argument, justification, and presentation of such knowledge.
Between Two Masters: Dilemmas of English Language Teaching in Iraq Today
Creators: name: ZEKI MOHIY M SAID AL ATTABY
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Education
subject: 200302 English Language
subject: FOS: Languages and literature

description: This qualitative case study explored how some Iraqi English language teachers respond to and negotiate these factors. It examined how these Iraqi English language teachers construct, shape and re-shape their identities within the religious, cultural, social, and political context of Iraq. Two groups of teachers participated in this study: Ten Iraqi English teachers who are a current secondary school English language teachers and living in Iraq and ten Australian TESOL trained Iraqi teachers who were intending to return to Iraq. Data were collected in Iraq and Australia in two stages: focus group discussions and semi structured interviews.
Gate controlled photocurrent generation mechanisms in high-gain In2Se3 phototransistors
Creators: name: Island, Joshua O.
name: Blanter, Sofya I.
name: Buscema, Michele
name: van der Zant, Herre S. J.
name: Castellanos-Gomez, Andres
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Photocurrent in photodetectors incorporating van der Waals materials is typically produced by a combination of photocurrent generation mechanisms that occur simultaneously during operation. Because of this, response times in these devices often yield to slower, high gain processes which cannot be turned off. Here we report on photodetectors incorporating the layered material In2Se3, which allow complete modulation of a high gain, photogating mechanism in the ON state in favor of fast photoconduction in the OFF state. While photoconduction is largely gate independent, photocurrent from the photogating effect is strongly modulated through application of a back gate voltage. By varying the back gate, we demonstrate control over the dominant mechanism responsible for photocurrent generation. Furthermore, due to the strong photogating effect, these direct-band gap, multi-layer phototransistors produce ultra-high gains of (9.8 +- 2.5) x 10^4 A/W and inferred detectivities of (3.3 +- 0.8) x 10^13 Jones, putting In2Se3 amongst the most sensitive 2D materials for photodetection studied to date.
description: 23 pages, 11 figures, 1 table, including Supporting Information (8 pages, 7 figures)
Case Study: 4 Years Experience of a Building Integrated Photovoltaic System Kamp C – Westerlo – Belgium
Creators: name: Dewallef, S.
name: Van Mechelen, J.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: PV Systems
PV Components for Buildings, PV Integration in Buildings

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 4901-4902
description: In the year 2000, the province of Antwerp decided to launch a project to promote the integration of
sustainable construction installations and construction methods in an industrial environment. This initiative gave the
opportunity to SOLTECH NV/SA and Electrabel GDF Suez SA to realize the world premiere for application of semitransparent
photovoltaic panels with Back Contact (MWT) solar cells in an office building in 2006. End 2010 an
evaluation of the overall system efficiency is made.
Home-made Bread, Municipal Mutton, Royal Wine. Establishing Social Relations during the Preparation and Consumption of Food in Religious Festivals at Late Bronze Age Emar
Creators: name: Sallaberger, Walther
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Ancient Near Eastern Studies
subject: City of Emar
subject: Religious Rituals
subject: Temple
subject: Sacrifice: Food Preparation
subject: Meaning of Food
subject: Festival
subject: Urban Space
subject: 900 Geschichte und Geografie::930 Geschichte des Altertums (bis ca. 499), Archäologie

description: In the urban culture of the ancient Near East religious festivals offer a major occasion to present and to re-establish the social networks of a city. An analysis of the ritual texts from the Late Bronze Age city of Emar (13th century BC) reveals how various groups in the urban society were involved in the preparation and consumption of food. Feasting meant the participation of persons from different households at urban localities such as a temple. Most interestingly the meaning of the foodstuffs consumed in urban festivals was already established during their preparation, in which various organizations were involved.
Monolayers of hard rods on planar substrates: I. Equilibrium
Creators: name: Oettel, M.
name: Klopotek, M.
name: Dixit, M.
name: Empting, E.
name: Schilling, T.
name: Hansen--Goos, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The equilibrium properties of hard rod monolayers are investigated in a lattice model (where position and orientation of a rod are restricted to discrete values) as well as in an off--lattice model featuring spherocylinders with continuous positional and orientational degrees of freedom. Both models are treated using density functional theory and Monte Carlo simulations. Upon increasing the density of rods in the monolayer, there is a continuous ordering of the rods along the monolayer normal ("standing up" transition). The continuous transition also persists in the case of an external potential which favors flat--lying rods in the monolayer. This behavior is found in both the lattice and the continuum model. For the lattice model, we find very good agreement between the results from the specific DFT used (lattice fundamental measure theory) and simulations. The properties of lattice fundamental measure theory are further illustrated by the phase diagrams of bulk hard rods in two and three dimensions.
description: 15 pages