cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Three-Dimensional Quantification of Cellular Traction Forces and Mechanosensing of Thin Substrata by Fourier Traction Force Microscopy
Creators: name: del Alamo, Juan C
name: Meili, Ruedi
name: Alvarez-Gonzalez, Begoña
name: Alonso-Latorre, Baldomero
name: Bastounis, Effie
name: Firtel, Richard
name: Lasheras, Juan C
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Cell Behavior (q-bio.CB)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a novel three-dimensional (3D) traction force microscopy (TFM) method motivated by the recent discovery that cells adhering on plane surfaces exert both in-plane and out-of-plane traction stresses. We measure the 3D deformation of the substratum on a thin layer near its surface, and input this information into an exact analytical solution of the elastic equilibrium equation. These operations are performed in the Fourier domain with high computational efficiency, allowing to obtain the 3D traction stresses from raw microscopy images virtually in real time. We also characterize the error of previous two-dimensional (2D) TFM methods that neglect the out-of-plane component of the traction stresses. This analysis reveals that, under certain combinations of experimental parameters (\ie cell size, substratums' thickness and Poisson's ratio), the accuracy of 2D TFM methods is minimally affected by neglecting the out-of-plane component of the traction stresses. Finally, we consider the cell's mechanosensing of substratum thickness by 3D traction stresses, finding that, when cells adhere on thin substrata, their out-of-plane traction stresses can reach four times deeper into the substratum than their in-plane traction stresses. It is also found that the substratum stiffness sensed by applying out-of-plane traction stresses may be up to 10 times larger than the stiffness sensed by applying in-plane traction stresses.
Novel patient-reported outcomes (PROs) used in a pilot and feasibility study of a Cognitive Behavioral Coping Skills (CBCS) group intervention for patients with chronic hepatitis C
Creators: name: Fried, Michael W
name: Golin, Carol E
name: Ruffin, Rachel
name: Evon, Donna M
name: Ayres, Shauna
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2018

description: Abstract
                Background
                Patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) experience reduced quality of life, HCV-associated symptoms, comorbid conditions, and treatment side effects. The Cognitive Behavioral Coping Skills group intervention for HCV (CBCS-HCV) was developed using the Stage Model of Behavioral Therapies Research. Intervention development and initial feasibility testing in wave 1 participants were previously reported. The primary objective of this subsequent pilot with wave 2–3 participants was to investigate the effect sizes and clinical improvements in patient-reported outcomes (PROs) and trial and intervention feasibility.
                Methods
                A pilot feasibility two-arm randomized controlled trial using block randomization to assign patients to CBCS-HCV or standard of care was conducted. Participants attended nine group sessions: four before HCV treatment and five during treatment. PRO data were collected at five time points: before the CBCS intervention (T1), immediately before HCV treatment (T2), during HCV treatment (T3, T4), and 1 month post-intervention/post-HCV treatment (T5). PROs included quality of life, perceived stress, HCV symptoms, and medication adherence. Cohen’s d was used to estimate within-group changes (WGCs) and between-group differences (BGDs), with d > 0.35 considered potentially clinically significant. Potential mechanisms of change were also evaluated.
                Results
                Several WGCs and BGDs (ES > .35) suggest that the CBCS-HCV may promote improvements in PROs: psychological stress, depression, anger, anxiety, sleep disturbance, and fatigue. The intervention did not appear to impact social functioning, pain, or medication adherence. Cognitive behavioral skills and group therapy dynamics, but not HCV treatment self-efficacy, may mediate improvements in PROs. Most aspects of the study trial, including intervention implementation, were feasible. Patient acceptance and retention were exceptional. The greatest feasibility challenge was due to patients needing to initiate treatment as soon as medications were obtained, but often before a full block could be created in wave 3. Challenges with PRO data collection were identified that will be resolved in future studies.
                Conclusions
                The CBCS-HCV intervention warrants future investigation in an efficacy trial to evaluate improvements in selected PROs. The next step is to pilot test the CBCS-HCV delivered via telehealth to an expanded pool of patients to reduce patient barriers, hone technical logistics, and improve intervention reach and effectiveness.
                Trial registration
                    NCT03057236
                   Retrospectively registered.
Digital divide across the European Union and labour market resilience
Creators: name: Reveiu, Adriana
name: Vasilescu, Maria Denisa
name: Banica, Alexandru
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: Cell Biology
Pharmacology
Information Systems not elsewhere classified
Science Policy

description: Using a regional evolutionary perspective and a cross-regional data panel for 278 European Union regions, this study investigates the relationship between regional digital development and labour market resilience. To address a fundamental concern of regional studies, it proposes an analytical framework that assesses digital disparities in the spatial context and provides a nuanced understanding of digital dimensions impacting labour market resilience. The primary labour market outcome, the employment rate, was evaluated to investigate the regional resilience in the Great Recession. A gradient boosting method was used to identify the digital predictors in different resilience stages and to articulate policy-relevant conclusions.
Radio emission from Air Showers. Comparison of theoretical approaches
Creators: name: Belov, Konstantin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: While the fluorescence and the ground counter techniques for the detection of ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECR) were being developed for decades, the interest in the radio detection diminished after the initial experiments in the 1960s. As a result, the fluorescence and the surface array techniques are more mature today, providing more reliable measurements of the primary cosmic particle energy, chemical composition and the inelastic cross-section. The advantages of the radio technique are 100 percent duty cycle and lower deployment and operational costs. Thus, the radio technique can greatly complement the fluorescence and the ground array detection and can also work independently. With the ANITA balloon detector observing UHECRs and the success of LOPES, CODALEMA and other surface radio detectors, the radio technique received a significant boost in recent years. Reliable Monte Carlo (MC) simulations are needed in order to obtain the energy and other parameters of the primary cosmic ray particle from the radio observations. Several MC techniques, like ZHairesS and the Endpoint Formalism, were proposed in recent years. While they seem to reproduce some of the observed data quite well, there is a divergence between the different approaches under certain conditions. In this work we derive these approaches from Maxwells equations and prove their identity under certain conditions as well as discuss their applicability to the UHECR air showers and to a proposed experiment at SLAC.
description: Accepted to AIP Proc. Suppl. January 15, 2013
Spectral behavior of second harmonic signals from organic and non-organic materials in multiphoton microscopy
Creators: name: Ehmke, Tobias
name: Knebl, Andreas
name: Reiss, Stephan
name: Fischinger, Isaak R.
name: Seiler, Theo G.
name: Stachs, Oliver
name: Heisterkamp, Alexander
Publisher: name: Melville : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: 3rd-harmonic generation microscopy
subject: endogenous structural proteins
subject: femtosecond laser
subject: tissue
subject: fluorescence
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: Multimodal nonlinear microscopy allows imaging of highly ordered biological tissue due to spectral separation of nonlinear signals. This requires certain knowledge about the spectral distribution of the different nonlinear signals. In contrast to several publications we demonstrate a factor of 1/2 root 2 relating the full width at half maximum of a gaussian laser pulse spectrum to the corresponding second harmonic pulse spectrum in the spatial domain by using a simple theoretical model. Experiments on monopotassium phosphate crystals (KDP-crystals) and on porcine corneal tissue support our theoretical predictions. Furthermore, no differences in spectral width were found for epi- and trans-detection of the second harmonic signal. Overall, these results may help to build an optimized multiphoton setup for spectral separation of nonlinear signals.
Division algebraic symmetry breaking
Creators: name: Furey, N.
name: Hughes, M. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Reframing certain well-known particle models in terms of normed division algebras leads to two new results for BSM physics. (1) We identify a sequence of complex structures which induces a cascade of breaking symmetries: Spin(10) $\mapsto$ Pati-Salam $\mapsto$ Left-Right symmetric $\mapsto$ Standard model + B-L (both pre- and post-Higgs-mechanism). These complex structures derive from the octonions, then from the quaternions, then from the complex numbers. (2) We provide, also for the first time we believe, an explicit demonstration of left-right symmetric Higgs representations stemming from quaternionic triality, tri($\mathbb{H}$). Upon the breaking of $su(2)_R$, our Higgs reduces to the familiar standard model Higgs.
description: Notation in this paper follows that of https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2022.136959 This article was first presented for Rutgers University, 2020. It was subsequently circulated widely amongst colleagues on the 16th of February, 2021. It was presented at the Perimeter Institute Conference on Octonions and the Standard model on the 15th of March, 2021. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4uTYBPRNX0s
Data driving the top quark forward--backward asymmetry with a lepton-based handle
Creators: name: Falkowski, Adam
name: Mangano, Michelangelo L.
name: Martin, Adam
name: Perez, Gilad
name: Winter, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose that, within the standard model, the correlation between the $t\bar{t}$ forward--backward asymmetry $A_{t\bar t}$ and the corresponding lepton-based asymmetry $A_l$ -- at the differential level -- is strong and rather clean both theoretically and experimentally. Hence a combined measurement of the two distributions as a function of the lepton $p_T$, a direct and experimentally clean observable, would lead to a potentially unbiased and normalization-free test of the standard model prediction. To check the robustness of our proposal we study how the correlation is affected by mis-measurement of the $t\bar t$ system transverse momenta, acceptance cuts, scale dependence and compare the results of MCFM, POWHEG (with & without PYTHIA showering), and SHERPA's CSSHOWER in first-emission mode. We find that the shape of the relative differential distribution $A_{l} (p^{l}_{T}) [A_{t\bar{t}} (p^l_T)]$ is only moderately distorted hence supporting the usefulness of our proposal. Beyond the first emission, we find that the correlation is not accurately captured by lowest-order treatment. We also briefly consider other differential variables such as the system transverse mass and the canonical $t\bar t$ invariant mass. Finally, we study new physics scenarios where the correlation is significantly distorted and therefore can be more readily constrained or discovered using our method.
description: 27 pages, 12 figures
Urban labour market resilience during the Covid-19 pandemic: what is the promise of teleworking?
Creators: name: Grabner, Simone Maria
name: Tsvetkova, Alexandra
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: The emergence of the Covid-19 pandemic caused immense labour market turbulences and a large-scale turn towards teleworking. This paper contributes to the understanding of how teleworking shapes regional economic outcomes by focusing on labour market resilience in US cities during the 2020 Covid-19 emergency. It examines employment and labour demand and finds that the share of teleworkable jobs is linked to stronger employment resilience, and enhances labour demand resilience during the onset of the pandemic and in smaller cities. The paper discusses possible mechanisms and policies that can help leverage the promise of teleworking for resilient labour markets.
Intrinsic ion migration dynamics in a one-dimensional organic metal halide hybrid
Creators: name: Hua, Zhenqi
name: Ben-Akacha, Azza
name: He, Qingquan
name: Liu, Tianhan
name: Boyce, Gillian
name: van Deventer, Margaret
name: Lin, Xinsong
name: Gao, Hanwei
name: Ma, Biwu
name: Xiong, Peng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Metal halide perovskites possess many physical properties amenable to optoelectronic applications, whereas the realization of these potentials has been hampered by their environmental and electronic instabilities. The morphological and molecular low dimensional perovskites and perovskite related materials have shown much promise in enhancing the chemical stability due to their unique molecular structures. Here we report on robust and reproducible four-terminal (4T) electrical measurements in a one-dimensional (1D) organic metal halide hybrid, (R)-α-methylbenzylammonium lead triiodide ((R-α-MBA)PbI3) made possible by its chemical stability. The results reveal a distinct intrinsic ion migration dynamic of single exponential, which underlies the unique 4T I-V characteristics. The dynamic is directly verified by real-time measurements of the transient ionic current. Our observations are consistent with photo-activation and field-assisted ion migration. The elucidated intrinsic ion dynamics may provide the physical basis for understanding and modelling the ubiquitous hysteresis in metal halides based electronic devices and new insights into the dynamics of ion migration in metal halide perovskites and hybrids in general.
Training deep quantum neural networks
Creators: name: Beer, Kerstin
name: Bondarenko, Dmytro
name: Farrelly, Terry
name: Osborne, Tobias J.
name: Salzmann, Robert
name: Scheiermann, Daniel
name: Wolf, Ramona
Publisher: name: Berlin : Nature Research
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: computer simulation
subject: design
subject: learning
subject: optimization
subject: quantum mechanics
subject: research work
subject: training
subject: article
subject: feed forward neural network
subject: memory
subject: nerve cell
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: Neural networks enjoy widespread success in both research and industry and, with the advent of quantum technology, it is a crucial challenge to design quantum neural networks for fully quantum learning tasks. Here we propose a truly quantum analogue of classical neurons, which form quantum feedforward neural networks capable of universal quantum computation. We describe the efficient training of these networks using the fidelity as a cost function, providing both classical and efficient quantum implementations. Our method allows for fast optimisation with reduced memory requirements: the number of qudits required scales with only the width, allowing deep-network optimisation. We benchmark our proposal for the quantum task of learning an unknown unitary and find remarkable generalisation behaviour and a striking robustness to noisy training data.
Factors related to fertility desire among female sex workers living with HIV in the Dominican Republic
Creators: name: Cernigliaro, Dana
name: Perez, Martha
name: Kerrigan, Deanna
name: Donastorg, Yeycy
name: Barrington, Clare
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2018

description: Abstract
                Background
                Female sex workers living with HIV are at increased risk for negative health outcomes and multiple levels of stigma. However, there is limited research on female sex workers living with HIV and even less focused on reproductive health.
                Methods
                We analyzed data using logistic regression from a cohort of 247 female sex workers of reproductive age living with HIV in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic to assess factors associated with fertility desire.
                Results
                Most participants had children (93.1%; mean: 2.8; range: 1,8) and 28.3% reported fertility desire. Bivariate regression analysis uncovered that participants who desired children were less likely to report being on antiretroviral treatment and more likely to have a detectable viral load. Multivariate regression results showed participants who desired more children were: less likely to be older, have higher levels of HIV-related internalized stigma, have a history of pregnancy loss, have fewer children and have a perception that their partner has negative feelings about pregnancy.
                Conclusions
                Individual and interpersonal characteristics were found to be associated with fertility desire in this study. Additional in-depth research is needed to understand how the role of stigma, partner dynamics and reproductive history as it relates to fertility desire, in order to ensure the reproductive health and wellbeing of this population.
Cross-Domain Aspect Extraction using Transformers Augmented with Knowledge Graphs
Creators: name: Howard, Phillip
name: Ma, Arden
name: Lal, Vasudev
name: Simoes, Ana Paula
name: Korat, Daniel
name: Pereg, Oren
name: Wasserblat, Moshe
name: Singer, Gadi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.7

description: The extraction of aspect terms is a critical step in fine-grained sentiment analysis of text. Existing approaches for this task have yielded impressive results when the training and testing data are from the same domain. However, these methods show a drastic decrease in performance when applied to cross-domain settings where the domain of the testing data differs from that of the training data. To address this lack of extensibility and robustness, we propose a novel approach for automatically constructing domain-specific knowledge graphs that contain information relevant to the identification of aspect terms. We introduce a methodology for injecting information from these knowledge graphs into Transformer models, including two alternative mechanisms for knowledge insertion: via query enrichment and via manipulation of attention patterns. We demonstrate state-of-the-art performance on benchmark datasets for cross-domain aspect term extraction using our approach and investigate how the amount of external knowledge available to the Transformer impacts model performance.
Particle-antiparticle asymmetry from magnetogenesis through the Landau mechanism
Creators: name: Carcamo, D.
name: Das, Ashok
name: Gamboa, J.
name: Loewe, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by string theory an extension of the Landau problem to quantum field theory is considered. We show that the commutator between momenta of the fields violates Lorentz and CPT invariance leading to an alternative method of understanding the question of particle-antiparticle asymmetry. The presence of magnetic field at very early moments of the universe would then suggest that the particle-antiparticle asymmetry can be understood as a consequence of magnetogenesis.
description: 5pages, to be published in Phys. Lett. B
Emigration and employment impacts of a disastrous earthquake: country of birth matters
Creators: name: Fabling, Richard
name: Grimes, Arthur
name: Timar, Levente
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Mental Health

description: Two earthquakes in Christchurch, New Zealand, in 2010–11 caused 185 casualties, demolished much of the inner-city and caused significant job losses. We examine one form of adjustment to these outcomes: (international) emigration. Using a difference-in-difference approach, we analyse employment and emigration responses of Christchurch workers relative to matched workers elsewhere. We also examine heterogeneity in responses across subgroups defined by sex, age and country of birth. Significant emigration occurs following the second (more severe) earthquake mirroring job loss patterns. Effects differ by sex and age, and also by country of birth with the foreign-born much more likely to emigrate than the locally born.
Spontaneous breaking of spatial and spin symmetry in spinor condensates
Creators: name: Scherer, Manuel
name: Lücke, Bernd
name: Gebreyesus, Garu
name: Topic, Oliver
name: Deuretzbacher, Frank
name: Ertmer, Wolfgang
name: Santos, Luis
name: Arlt, Jan J.
name: Klempt, Carsten
Publisher: name: College Park, MD : American Physical Society
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Antivortex
subject: Density profile
subject: Longitudinal magnetization
subject: Parametric amplification
subject: Precise analysis
subject: Quantum fluctuation
subject: Quantum interference
subject: Spatial symmetry
subject: Spin modes
subject: Spin symmetry
subject: Spinor condensates
subject: Spontaneous symmetry breaking
subject: Symmetry-breaking
subject: Bioelectric phenomena
subject: Microwave amplifiers
subject: Parametric amplifiers
subject: Quantum electronics
subject: Amplification
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: Parametric amplification of quantum fluctuations constitutes a fundamental mechanism for spontaneous symmetry breaking. In our experiments, a spinor condensate acts as a parametric amplifier of spin modes, resulting in a twofold spontaneous breaking of spatial and spin symmetry in the amplified clouds. Our experiments permit a precise analysis of the amplification in specific spatial Bessel-like modes, allowing for the detailed understanding of the double symmetry breaking. On resonances that create vortex-antivortex superpositions, we show that the cylindrical spatial symmetry is spontaneously broken, but phase squeezing prevents spin-symmetry breaking. If, however, nondegenerate spin modes contribute to the amplification, quantum interferences lead to spin-dependent density profiles and hence spontaneously formed patterns in the longitudinal magnetization. © 2010 The American Physical Society.
Gestaltungsansätze und soziale Prozesse : Gruppenarbeit in der niedersächsischen Autoindustrie
Creators: name: Hollmann, Reiner
name: Niemeyer, Edzard
Publisher: name: Hannover : Universität Hannover
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Teamwork
subject: different characters of teamwork
subject: social processes
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::300 | Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie, Anthropologie::330 | Wirtschaft

description: [no abstract]
Optimized parametric inference for the inner loop of the Multigrid Ensemble Kalman Filter
Creators: name: Moldovan, Gabriel
name: Lehnasch, Guillaume
name: Cordier, Laurent
name: Meldi, Marcello
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Essential features of the Multigrid Ensemble Kalman Filter (G. Moldovan, G. Lehnasch, L. Cordier, M. Meldi, A multigrid/ensemble Kalman filter strategy for assimilation of unsteady flows, Journal of Computational Physics 443-110481) recently proposed for Data Assimilation of fluid flows are investigated and assessed in this article. The analysis is focused on the improvement in performance due to the inner loop. In this step, data from solutions calculated on the higher resolution levels of the multigrid approach are used as surrogate observations to improve the model prediction on the coarsest levels of the grid. The latter represents the level of resolution used to run the ensemble members for global Data Assimilation. The method is tested over two classical one-dimensional problems, namely the linear advection problem and the Burgers' equation. The analyses encompass a number of different aspects, such as different grid resolutions. The results indicate that the contribution of the inner loop is essential in obtaining accurate flow reconstruction and global parametric optimization. These findings open exciting perspectives of application to grid-dependent reduced-order models extensively used in fluid mechanics applications for complex flows, such as Large Eddy Simulation (LES).
Reaktionstechnische Optimierung der Ergotalkaloidproduktion bei Claviceps purpurea
Creators: name: Menge, Miriam
Publisher: name: Hannover : Universität Hannover
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Claviceps purpurea
subject: oxygen supply
subject: hydrogen peroxide
subject: perfluorinated hydrocarbons
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::540 | Chemie
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::570 | Biowissenschaften, Biologie

description: [no abstract]
Off-shell D-Brane/F-Theory Effective Superpotentials and Ooguri-Vafa Invariants of Several Compact Calabi-Yau Manifolds
Creators: name: Cheng, Shi
name: Xu, Feng-Jun
name: Yang, Fu-Zhong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: According to the generalized GKZ system for CY manifold with brane and the open-closed Mirror map, We calculate the off-shell D-Brane/F-Theory effective superpotentials and Ooguri-Vafa invariants of several compact Calabi-Yau manifolds .
description: 21 pages
Strong-field double ionization of Ar below the recollision threshold
Creators: name: Liu, Yunquan
name: Tschuch, S.
name: Rudenko, A.
name: Dürr, M.
name: Siegel, M.
name: Morgner, Uwe
name: Moshammer, R.
name: Ullrich, J.
Publisher: name: American Physical Society
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Atoms
subject: Emission spectroscopy
subject: Ionization
subject: Ionization of gases
subject: Laser pulses
subject: Pulsed laser applications
subject: Coulomb repulsions
subject: Double ionization
subject: En ergy spectrum
subject: Fs laser pulses
subject: Fully differential
subject: Multiphoton regimes
subject: Nonsequential double ionization
subject: Polarization directions
subject: Recollision
subject: Argon
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: Nonsequential double ionization of Ar by 45 fs laser pulses (800 nm) at (4-7)×1013W/cm2 was explored in fully differential measurements. Well below the field-modified recollision threshold we enter the multiphoton regime. Strongly correlated back-to-back emission of the electrons along the polarization direction is observed to dominate in striking contrast to all previous data. No effect of Coulomb repulsion can be found, the predicted cutoff in the sum-energy spectra of two emitted electrons is confirmed, and the potential importance of multiple recollisions is discussed. © 2008 The American Physical Society.
Equisetum palustre
Creators: name: Becherer
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1956
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: C.palustre L. (Potentilla palustris Scop.) Cat. 88. l: Salanfe (Coquoz);Salvan (F, Coquoz).- 2: Montana (Christ).- 3:Nendaz(Marietan); östlich Turtig um1936,Fundort später durch Trockenlegung vernichtet (Zwicky);Saas-Fee(J.). - 4:Riederalp-Eggishorn (E.de Riedmatten, Christ);Rhoneebene südlich Münster(Binz);«Muhlematt» bei Obergesteln (Thommen).
description: Published as part of Becherer, 1956, Florae Vallesiacae Supplementum, pp. 1-556 in Denkschriften der Schweizerischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft 71 on pages 1-556
Task shifting levonorgestrel implant insertion to community midwife assistants in Malawi: results from a non-inferiority evaluation
Creators: name: Bhushan, Nivedita L
name: Phiri, Billy
name: Davis, Dylane N
name: Masepuka, Prisca
name: Lemani, Clara
name: Kamtuwanje, Nenani
name: Kuchawo, Sally
name: Tang, Jennifer H
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2018

description: Abstract
                Background
                In 2013, Malawi began task shifting long acting reversible contraception (LARC) insertion from Nurse Midwife Technicians (NMTs), who undergo 3 years of training, to Community Midwife Assistants (CMAs), who undergo 18 months of training. However, there is no evidence on whether CMAs have the same competency as NMTs for LARC insertion. Therefore, we describe a non-inferiority evaluation to determine whether CMAs are non-inferior to NMTs for the insertion of levonorgestrel (LNG) contraceptive implants in Malawi.
                Methods
                One CMA and one matched NMT from 31 health centers across Malawi were selected for training in Malawi’s 1-week LARC insertion course in October 2016, and 31 CMAs and 30 NMTs completed the training. After the course, two Family Planning Master Trainers visited the nurses’ health centers over a 5-month period and used the Malawi LNG implant insertion checklist to evaluate the first five LNG implant insertions that each nurse performed during the monitoring visit. A non- inferiority margin of 10% was used to compare mean implant scores between CMAs and NMTs.
                Results
                We were able to fully evaluate 29 CMAs and 29 NMTs with the LNG implant insertion checklist. The CMAs and NMTs had mean scores of 90.2% and 89.7%, respectively, which were non-inferior (mean difference − 0.5%; 95% CI -3.4%, 2.4%), even when adjusted for the number of years post-graduation and the number of LNG implants inserted pre-training, during training, and since training (mean difference 1.3%; 95% CI -2.2%, 4.8%).
                Conclusions
                CMAs were non-inferior to NMTs with LNG implant insertion, and both cadres were generally observed to be competent with their insertions after completing their follow-up evaluations. During the evaluations, we generally saw an increase in scores with each insertion. Therefore, for both cadres, it is important to establish continued mentorship and evaluation for LARC insertion after the initial training.
title: Hierusalem caelestis pro viribus in terris expressa. Die Auslegung der Platonischen Staatsentwürfe durch Marsilius Ficinus und ihre 'hermeneutischen' Grundlagen
Creators: name: Neschke-Hentschke, Ada
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2016

description: [nicht vorhanden / not available]
Rhyncholampas A. Agassiz 1869
Creators: name: Souto, Camilla
name: Mooi, Rich
name: Martins, Luciana
name: Menegola, Carla
name: Marshall, Charles R.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Echinodermata
Echinoidea
Echinolampadacea
Cassidulidae
Rhyncholampas

description: GENUS RHYNCHOLAMPAS AGASSIZ, 1869
Emended diagnosis: Small to large cassidulids of varying test shape. Anterior paired petals tulip- or leaf-shaped; posterior petals bowed. Paired petals with unequal number of pores in a and b columns (difference up to four pore-pairs in anterior paired petals, up to ten pore-pairs in posterior paired petals). Poriferous zones with three or more reduced primary tubercles. Periproct transverse, with prominent aboral hood. Posterior region of test sometimes truncated. Six to ten interambulacral plates between basicoronal plate 5 and base of periproct. Interambulacrum 5 naked zone usually wide, finely pitted, although pits vary from absent to large. Bourrelets bulged or pointed; bourrelet 5 often convex, projecting towards peristome. Outer column of anterior phyllodes with five to 12 phyllopores per half; posterior phyllodes with eight 12 phyllopores per half; occluded plates often scattered. Phyllopores in large specimens often disorganized throughout phyllodes. Sphaeridia concealed by thin layer of stereom (fossils could have lost pit covering or pits in some species possibly open).
Included species based on present analysis: Rl. pacifica (type species), Rl.alabamensis, Rl. ayresi, Rl.chipolana, Rl. ericsoni, Rl. evergladensis, Rl. falconensis comb. nov., Rl. fontis, Rl. globosa, Rl. gouldii, Rl. mexicana, Rl. riveroi, Rl. rodriguezi, Rl. sabistonensis, Rl. smithi and Rl. trojana comb. nov.
description: Published as part of Souto, Camilla, Mooi, Rich, Martins, Luciana, Menegola, Carla & Marshall, Charles R., 2019, Homoplasy and extinction: the phylogeny of cassidulid echinoids (Echinodermata), pp. 622-660 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 187 on page 651
Transportable setup for amplifier phase fidelity measurements
Creators: name: Troebs, Michael
name: Bogan, C.
name: Barke, S.
name: Kuehn, G.
name: Reiche, J.
name: Heinzel, Gerhard
name: Danzmann, Karsten
Publisher: name: Bristol : IOP Publishing Ltd.
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: interferometer
subject: lisa
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: One possible laser source for the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) consists of an Ytterbium-doped fiber amplifier originally developed for inter-satellite communication, seeded by the laser used for the technology demonstrator mission LISA Pathfinder. LISA needs to transmit clock information between its three spacecraft to correct for phase noise between the clocks on the individual spacecraft. For this purpose phase modulation sidebands at GHz frequencies will be imprinted on the laser beams between spacecraft. Differential phase noise between the carrier and a sideband introduced within the optical chain must be very low. We report on a transportable setup to measure the phase fidelity of optical amplifiers.
Detection of carbon monoxide in the high-resolution day-side spectrum of the exoplanet HD 189733b
Creators: name: de Kok, Remco J.
name: Brogi, Matteo
name: Snellen, Ignas A. G.
name: Birkby, Jayne
name: Albrecht, Simon
name: de Mooij, Ernst J. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: [Abridged] After many attempts over more than a decade, high-resolution spectroscopy has recently delivered its first detections of molecular absorption in exoplanet atmospheres, both in transmission and thermal emission spectra. Targeting the combined signal from individual lines in molecular bands, these measurements use variations in the planet radial velocity to disentangle the planet signal from telluric and stellar contaminants. In this paper we apply high resolution spectroscopy to probe molecular absorption in the day-side spectrum of the bright transiting hot Jupiter HD 189733b. We observed HD 189733b with the CRIRES high-resolution near-infrared spectograph on the Very Large Telescope during three nights. We detect a 5-sigma absorption signal from CO at a contrast level of ~4.5e-4 with respect to the stellar continuum, revealing the planet orbital radial velocity at 154+4/-3 km s-1. This allows us to solve for the planet and stellar mass in a similar way as for stellar eclipsing binaries, resulting in Ms= 0.846+0.068/-0.049 Msun and Mp= 1.162+0.058/-0.039 MJup. No significant absorption is detected from H2O, CO2 or CH4 and we determined upper limits on their line contrasts here. The detection of CO in the day-side spectrum of HD 189733b can be made consistent with the haze layer proposed to explain the optical to near-infrared transmission spectrum if the layer is optically thin at the normal incidence angles probed by our observations, or if the CO abundance is high enough for the CO absorption to originate from above the haze. Our non-detection of CO2 at 2.0 micron is not inconsistent with the deep CO2 absorption from low resolution NICMOS secondary eclipse data in the same wavelength range. If genuine, the absorption would be so strong that it blanks out any planet light completely in this wavelength range, leaving no high-resolution signal to be measured.
description: A&A, accepted for publication. Fig.1 reduced in quality
Ultradeep analysis of tumor heterogeneity in regions of somatic hypermutation
Creators: name: Burack, W Richard
name: Spence, John P
name: Spence, Janice M
name: Abumoussa, Andrew
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2015

description: Abstract Tumor heterogeneity is of growing importance in the treatment of cancers. Mutational hot spots are prime locations for determining number and proportions of low variant allele frequency (VAF) tumor subclones by next generation sequencing. Low VAF detection is complicated by poor mapping efficiency in regions with high mutation density. Our Deep-Drilling with iterative Mapping (DDiMAP) method retains variant allele patterns to aid in single nucleotide variation detection and generation of additional reference alleles, with remapping increasing coverage of highly mutated regions to capture data critical to heterogeneity analysis and enhancing sensitivity. DDiMAP outputs variant patterns with frequencies, enabling rapid phylogenetic analysis of ongoing mutation.
Auditory coding of reaching space
Creators: name: Fehse, Ursula
name: Schmitz, Gerd
name: Hartwig, Daniela
name: Ghai, Shashank
name: Brock, Heike
name: Effenberg, Alfred O.
Publisher: name: Basel : MDPI AG
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Audition and movement
subject: Kinematic movement sonification
subject: Knowledge of performance
subject: Knowledge of results
subject: Motor control
subject: Neuromotor rehabilitation
subject: Proprioception and movement
subject: Reaching
subject: Sensory-motor integration
subject: Visual-to-auditory substitution
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau

description: Reaching movements are usually initiated by visual events and controlled visually and kinesthetically. Lately, studies have focused on the possible benefit of auditory information for localization tasks, and also for movement control. This explorative study aimed to investigate if it is possible to code reaching space purely by auditory information. Therefore, the precision of reaching movements to merely acoustically coded target positions was analyzed. We studied the efficacy of acoustically effect-based and of additional acoustically performance-based instruction and feedback and the role of visual movement control. Twenty-four participants executed reaching movements to merely acoustically presented, invisible target positions in three mutually perpendicular planes in front of them. Effector-endpoint trajectories were tracked using inertial sensors. Kinematic data regarding the three spatial dimensions and the movement velocity were sonified. Thus, acoustic instruction and real-time feedback of the movement trajectories and the target position of the hand were provided. The subjects were able to align their reaching movements to the merely acoustically instructed targets. Reaching space can be coded merely acoustically, additional visual movement control does not enhance reaching performance. On the basis of these results, a remarkable benefit of kinematic movement acoustics for the neuromotor rehabilitation of everyday motor skills can be assumed.
Untersuchungen zur Adsorption unterschiedlich großer Moleküle : Messung und Simulation
Creators: name: Fischer, Jörn
Publisher: name: Hannover : Universität Hannover
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Molecular simulation
subject: mixture adsorption
subject: adsorption measurement
subject: Adsorptionsisotherme
subject: Mehrstoffsystem
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::540 | Chemie

description: [no abstract]
Simulation-based Efficiency Gain Analysis of 21.2%-efficient Screen-printed PERC Solar Cells
Creators: name: Kranz, Christopher
name: Petermann, Jan-Hendrik
name: Dullweber, Thorsten
name: Brendel, Rolf
Publisher: name: London : Elsevier Ltd.
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: device simulation
subject: PERC solar cells
subject: power loss analysis
subject: screen-printing
subject: Crystalline materials
subject: Efficiency
subject: Electric losses
subject: Silicon solar cells
subject: Crystalline Si solar cells
subject: Device simulations
subject: Efficiency enhancement
subject: Efficiency improvement
subject: Maximum Efficiency
subject: Nonlinear behaviours
subject: Power loss analysis
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: Passivated Emitter and Rear Cells (PERC) with efficiencies well above 20% are likely to become the next mass production technology. A quantification of all power loss mechanisms of such industrial PERC cells is helpful in prioritizing future efficiency improvement measures. We report on a numerical simulation of the power losses of a 21.2%-efficient industrial PERC cell using extensive experimental input data. Our synergetic efficiency gain analysis relies on deactivating single power loss mechanisms in the simulation at a time to access the full potential power gain related to that mechanism. The complete analysis therefore explains the efficiency gap between the industrial PERC solar cell and the theoretical maximum efficiency of a crystalline Si solar cell. Based on the simulations, the largest single loss mechanism is front grid shadowing followed by recombination in the emitter and its surface. All individual resistive losses, all individual optical losses and all (avoidable) individual recombination losses sum up to efficiency gains of 0.8%, 1.6%, and 1.3%, respectively, which is 3.7% in total. The efficiency gap between real and ideal solar cell is, however, much larger with 7.3%. The discrepancy is mainly due to the non-linear behaviour of recombination-based power losses which adds synergetic efficiency enhancements.
$\mathbb{A}^1$-Connected Components of Classifying Spaces and Purity for Torsors
Creators: name: Elmanto, Elden
name: Kulkarni, Girish
name: Wendt, Matthias
Publisher: name: Deutsche Mathematiker-Vereinigung
Year: 2022

description: In this paper, we study the Nisnevich sheafification $\mathcal{H}^1_{\mathrm{\acute{e}t}}(G)$ of the presheaf associating to a smooth scheme the set of isomorphism classes of $G$-torsors, for a reductive group $G$. We show that if $G$-torsors on affine lines are extended, then $\mathcal{H}^1_{\mathrm{\acute{e}t}}(G)$ is homotopy invariant and show that the sheaf is unramified if and only if Nisnevich-local purity holds for $G$-torsors. We also identify the sheaf $\mathcal{H}^1_{\mathrm{\acute{e}t}}(G)$ with the sheaf of $\mathbb{A}^1$-connected components of the classifying space ${\rm B}_{\mathrm{\acute{e}t}}G$. This establishes the homotopy invariance of the sheaves of components as conjectured by Morel. It moreover provides a computation of the sheaf of $\mathbb{A}^1$-connected components in terms of unramified $G$-torsors over function fields whenever Nisnevich-local purity holds for $G$-torsors.
description: DOCUMENTA MATHEMATICA, Vol 27 (2022), p. 2657-2689
Spokes cluster: The search for the quiescent gas
Creators: name: Pineda, Jaime E
name: Teixeira, Paula S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. Understanding the role of fragmentation is one of the most important current questions of star formation. To better understand the process of star and cluster formation, we need to study in detail the physical structure and properties of the parental molecular cloud. The Spokes cluster, or NGC 2264 D, is a rich protostellar cluster where previous N2H+(1-0) observations of its dense cores presented linewidths consistent with supersonic turbulence. However, the fragmentation of the most massive of these cores appears to have a scale length consistent with that of the thermal Jeans length, suggesting that turbulence was not dominant. Aims. These two results probe different density regimes. Our aim is to determine if there is subsonic or less-turbulent gas (than previously reported) in the Spokes cluster at higher densities. Methods. We present APEX N2H+(3-2) and N2D+(3-2) observations of the NGC2264-D region to measure the linewidths and the deuteration fraction of the higher density gas. The critical densities of the selected transitions are more than an order of magnitude higher than that of N2H+(1-0). Results. We find that the N2H+(3-2) and N2D+(3-2) emission present significantly narrower linewidths than the emission from N2H+(1-0) for most cores. In two of the spectra, the nonthermal component is close (within 1-sigma) to the sound speed. In addition, we find that the three spatially segregated cores, for which no protostar had been confirmed show the highest levels of deuteration. Conclusions. These results show that the higher density gas, probed with N2H+ and N2D+(3-2), reveals more quiescent gas in the Spokes cluster than previously reported. More high-angular resolution interferometric observations using high-density tracers are needed to truly assess the kinematics and substructure within NGC2264-D. (Abridged)
description: 8 pages, 4 figures. Accepted in A&A