cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Effects of nonmagnetic disorder on the energy of Yu-Shiba-Rusinov states
Creators: name: Kiendl, Thomas
name: von Oppen, Felix
name: Brouwer, Piet W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the sensitivity of Yu-Shiba-Rusinov states, bound states that form around magnetic scatterers in superconductors, to the presence of nonmagnetic disorder in both two and three dimensional systems. We formulate a scattering approach to this problem and reduce the effects of disorder to two contributions: disorder-induced normal reflection and a random phase of the amplitude for Andreev reflection. We find that both of these are small even for moderate amounts of disorder. In the dirty limit in which the disorder-induced mean free path is smaller than the superconducting coherence length, the variance of the energy of the Yu-Shiba-Rusinov state remains small in the ratio of the Fermi wavelength and the mean free path. This effect is more pronounced in three dimensions, where only impurities within a few Fermi wavelengths of the magnetic scatterer contribute. In two dimensions the energy variance is larger by a logarithmic factor because impurities contribute up to a distance of the order of the superconducting coherence length.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures
General measure for macroscopic quantum states beyond "dead and alive"
Creators: name: Sekatski, Pavel
name: Yadin, Benjamin
name: Renou, Marc-Olivier
name: Dür, Wolfgang
name: Gisin, Nicolas
name: Fröwis, Florian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the characterization of quantum superposition states beyond the pattern "dead and alive". We propose a measure that is applicable to superpositions of multiple macroscopically distinct states, superpositions with different weights as well as mixed states. The measure is based on the mutual information to characterize the distinguishability between multiple superposition states. This allows us to overcome limitations of previous proposals, and to bridge the gap between general measures for macroscopic quantumness and measures for Schrödinger-cat type superpositions. We discuss a number of relevant examples, provide an alternative definition using basis-dependent quantum discord and reveal connections to other proposals in the literature. Finally, we also show the connection between the size of quantum states as quantified by our measure and their vulnerability to noise.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures
Ferromagnetic transition in a simple variant of the Ising model on multiplex networks
Creators: name: Krawiecki, Andrzej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Multiplex networks consist of a fixed set of nodes connected by several sets of edges which are generated separately and correspond to different networks ("layers"). Here, a simple variant of the Ising model on multiplex networks with two layers is considered, with spins located in the nodes and edges corresponding to ferromagnetic interactions between them. Critical temperatures for the ferromagnetic transition are evaluated for the layers in the form of random Erdös-Rényi graphs or heterogeneous scale-free networks using the mean-field approximation and the replica method, from the replica symmetric solution. Both methods require the use of different "partial" magnetizations, associated with different layers of the multiplex network, and yield qualitatively similar results. If the layers are strongly heterogeneous the critical temperature differs noticeably from that for the Ising model on a network being a superposition of the two layers, evaluated in the mean-field approximation neglecting the effect of the underlying multiplex structure on the correlations between the degrees of nodes. The critical temperature evaluated from the replica symmetric solution depends sensitively on the correlations between the degrees of nodes in different layers and shows satisfactory quantitative agreement with that obtained from Monte Carlo simulations. The critical behavior of the magnetization for the model with strongly heterogeneous layers can depend on the distributions of the degrees of nodes and is then determined by the properties of the most heterogeneous layer.
description: accepted in Physica A. Added Sec.5, Appendix, references updated
Frobenius Stratification of Moduli Spaces of Rank $3$ Vector Bundles in Characteristic $3$, I
Creators: name: Li, Lingguang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14G17, 14H60, 14D20

description: Let $X$ be a smooth projective curve of genus $g\geq 2$ over an algebraically closed field $k$ of characteristic $p>0$, $F_X:X\rightarrow X$ the absolute Frobenius morphism. Let $\M^s_X(r,d)$ be the moduli space of stable vector bundles of rank $r$ and degree $d$ on $X$. We study the Frobenius stratification of $\M^s_X(3,0)$ in terms of Harder-Narasimhan polygons of Frobenius pull backs of stable vector bundles and obtain the irreducibility and dimension of each non-empty Frobenius stratum in the case $(p,g)=(3,2)$.
description: 18 pages. All comments are welcome
An improved parametric model for hysteresis loop approximation
Creators: name: Lapshin, Rostislav V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A number of improvements have been added to the existing analytical model of hysteresis loop defined in parametric form. In particular, three phase shifts are included in the model, which permits to tilt the hysteresis loop smoothly by the required angle at the split point as well as to smoothly change the curvature of the loop. As a result, the error of approximation of a hysteresis loop by the improved model does not exceed 1%, which is several times less than the error of the existing model. The improved model is capable of approximating most of the known types of rate-independent symmetrical hysteresis loops encountered in the practice of physical measurements. The model allows building smooth, piecewise-linear, hybrid, minor, mirror-reflected, inverse, reverse, double and triple loops. One of the possible applications of the model developed is linearization of a probe microscope piezoscanner. The improved model can be found useful for the tasks of simulation of scientific instruments that contain hysteresis elements.
description: Preprint of research article, 36 pages, 90 formulas, 37 figures, 1 table (revised/added new subsections, added new formulas and references)
Quantizing the Palatini action using a transverse traceless propagator
Creators: name: Brandt, F. T.
name: McKeon, D. G. C.
name: Zhao, Chenguang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the first order form of the Einstein-Hilbert action and quantize it using the path integral. Two gauge fixing conditions are imposed so that the graviton propagator is both traceless and transverse. It is shown that these two gauge conditions result in two complex Fermionic vector ghost fields and one real Bosonic vector ghost field. All Feynman diagrams to any order in perturbation theory can be constructed from two real Bosonic fields, two Fermionic ghost fields and one real Bosonic ghost field that propagate. These five fields interact through just five three point vertices and one four point vertex.
description: 7 pages; accepted for publication in Physical Review D (the title has been changed)
General equilibrium second-order hydrodynamic coefficients for free quantum fields
Creators: name: Buzzegoli, M.
name: Grossi, E.
name: Becattini, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a systematic calculation of the corrections of the stress-energy tensor and currents of the free boson and Dirac fields up to second order in thermal vorticity, which is relevant for relativistic hydrodynamics. These corrections are non-dissipative because they survive at general thermodynamic equilibrium with non vanishing mean values of the conserved generators of the Lorentz group, i.e. angular momenta and boosts. Their equilibrium nature makes it possible to express the relevant coefficients by means of correlators of the angular-momentum and boost operators with stress-energy tensor and current, thus making simpler to determine their so-called "Kubo formulae". We show that, at least for free fields, the corrections are of quantum origin and we study several limiting cases and compare our results with previous calculations. We find that the axial current of the free Dirac field receives corrections proportional to the vorticity independently of the anomalous term.
description: 33 pages, final version published in JHEP, typos
Additional file 1 of Pan-cancer analysis of whole-genome doubling and its association with patient prognosis
Creators: name: Kikutake, Chie
name: Suyama, Mikita
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Figure S1. The proportion of samples with LOH in each chromosome and TSG and essential gene distribution. Supplementary Figure S2. The ratio of early clonal indel density within the LOH region to that outside the LOH region in WGD samples and the ratio of clonal indel density within the LOH region to that outside the LOH region in nWGD samples. Supplementary Figure S3. Early mutation accumulation in genes within the LOH region. Supplementary Figure S4. The ratio of late clonal and subclonal indel density within the LOH region to that outside the LOH region in WGD samples and the ratio of subclonal indel density within the LOH region to that outside the LOH region in nWGD samples. Supplementary Figure S5. Late mutation accumulation in genes within the LOH region. Supplementary Figure S6. Survival analysis using WGD occurrence-associated factors in case of early mutations based on TCGA data. Supplementary Figure S7. Survival analysis using WGD occurrence-associated factors in case of late mutations. Supplementary Figure S8. Survival analysis using WGD occurrence-associated factors in case of late mutations based on TCGA data. Supplementary Figure S9. Prognostic gene exploration using PCAWG data. Supplementary Figure S10. Association between AXIN1 in the LOH region and prognosis in WGD samples using PCAWG data. Supplementary Figure S11. Extracted prognosis-related genes in the 16p.13.3 locus. Supplementary Figure S12. Number of samples with prognosis-related TSGs in the LOH region of WGD samples using PCAWG data. Supplementary Figure S13. Association between PTEN mutations in LOH and prognosis in nWGD samples using PCAWG data.
Influence od the process parameters on the quality a efficiency of the resistance spot welding process of advanced high strength complex phase stells
Creators: name: Morales-Sánchez, Gerardo
name: Collazo, Antonio
name: Doval-Gandoy, Jesús
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effects of electrical characteristics of an inverter combined with main welding parameters on the resistance spot weldability of advanced high strength steels AHSS CP1000 is investigated.
Homotopy classes of gauge fields and the lattice
Creators: name: Meneses, Claudio
name: Zapata, José A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: For a smooth manifold $M$, possibly with boundary and corners, and a Lie group $G$, we consider a suitable description of gauge fields in terms of parallel transport, as groupoid homomorphisms from a certain path groupoid in $M$ to $G$. Using a cotriangulation $\mathscr{C}$ of $M$, and collections of finite-dimensional families of paths relative to $\mathscr{C}$, we define a homotopical equivalence relation of parallel transport maps, leading to the concept of an extended lattice gauge (ELG) field. A lattice gauge field, as used in Lattice Gauge Theory, is part of the data contained in an ELG field, but the latter contains further local topological information sufficient to reconstruct a principal $G$-bundle on $M$ up to equivalence. The space of ELG fields of a given pair $(M,\mathscr{C})$ is a covering for the space of fields in Lattice Gauge Theory, whose connected components parametrize equivalence classes of principal $G$-bundles on $M$. We give a criterion to determine when ELG fields over different cotriangulations define equivalent bundles.
description: 40 pages, 6 figures. Final version
Additional file 1 of Age and gender differences in misperceptions of body shape in a Taiwanese population
Creators: name: Weng, Hui-Ching
name: Chang, Sheng-Mao
name: Hsu, Jason C.
name: Yang, Yung-Ning
name: Lin, Chung-Ying
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
classificationCode: 111714
subject: Mental Health

description: Additional file 1. Appendix A. Characteristics of subjects by age group for Asia standards. Appendix B. Nominal logistic regression models analyzing select subject characteristics by misperceived overweight and misperceived underweight. Appendix C. Main effects, interaction effects, and the total effect of gender and age on the misperception of overweight and underweight.
Anomalous spin precession under a geometrical torque
Creators: name: Stahl, Christopher
name: Potthoff, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Precession and relaxation predominantly characterize the real-time dynamics of a spin driven by a magnetic field and coupled to a large Fermi sea of conduction electrons. We demonstrate an anomalous precession with frequency higher than the Larmor frequency or with inverted orientation in the limit where the electronic motion adiabatically follows the spin dynamics. For a classical spin, the effect is traced back to a geometrical torque resulting from a finite spin Berry curvature.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, v2 with minor corrections, as published
Electronic structure and physical properties of candidate topological material GdAgGe
Creators: name: Ram, D.
name: Singh, J.
name: Hooda, M. K.
name: Pavlosiuk, O.
name: Kanchana, V.
name: Hossain, Z.
name: Kaczorowski, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We grew needle-shaped single crystals of GdAgGe, which crystallizes in a noncentrosymmetric hexagonal crystal structure with space group P$\overline{6}$2$m$ (189). The magnetic susceptibility data for $H \perp c$ reveal two pronounced antiferromagnetic transitions at $T_{N1}$ = 20 K and $T_{N2}$ = 14.5 K. The magnetic susceptibility anomalies are less prominent for $H \parallel c$. The transition at $T_{N1}$ is accompanied by a pronounced heat capacity anomaly confirming the bulk nature of the magnetic transition. Below $T_{N1}$, the electrical resistivity data follows a $T^{3/2}$ dependence. In the magnetically ordered state, GdAgGe shows positive transverse magnetoresistance, which increases with decreasing temperature and increasing field, reaching a value of $\sim$ 27% at 9 T and 10 K. The Hall resistivity data and electronic band structure calculations suggest that both the hole and electron charge carriers contribute to the transport properties. The electronic band structure displays linear band crossings near the Fermi level. The calculations reveal that GdAgGe has a nodal line with drumhead surface states coupled with a nonzero Berry phase, making it a nontrivial nodal-line semimetal.
description: 9 pages, 9 figures,
Additional file 1 of Genetically mimicked effects of ASGR1 inhibitors on all-cause mortality and health outcomes: a drug-target Mendelian randomization study and a phenome-wide association study
Creators: name: Yang, Guoyi
name: Schooling, C. Mary
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
classificationCode: 39999
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
classificationCode: 60506
subject: Virology

description: Additional file 1: Fig. S1. Flowchart of the study design. Fig. S2. Flowchart of phenotype selection for the phenome-wide association study using the UK Biobank summary statistics provided by Neale lab. Fig. S3. Genetically mimicked effects of ASGR1 inhibitors on the 13 non-significant outcomes among 25 a priori health outcomes in comparison with currently used lipid modifiers. Fig. S4. Manhattan plot of genetically mimicked ASGR1 inhibitors on 1600 phenotypes for women in the UK Biobank. Fig. S5. Manhattan plot of genetically mimicked ASGR1 inhibitors on 1523 phenotypes for men in the UK Biobank. Fig. S6. Colocalization analyses for LDL-cholesterol and each significant outcome with probability for colocalization <0.80 in or near the ASGR1 gene. Tab. S1. Correlation matrix of genetic mimics of statins. Tab. S2. Correlation matrix of genetic mimics of PCSK9 inhibitors. Tab. S3. Correlation matrix of genetic mimics of ezetimibe. Tab. S4. SNP-specific estimates for genetically mimicked ASGR1 inhibitors, statins, PCSK9 inhibitors and ezetimibe on LDL-cholesterol from GLGC excluding UK Biobank participants. Tab. S5. Colocalization estimates for each posterior probability using prior probabilities 1.0E-4 for a variant associated with LDL-cholesterol, 1.0E-4 for a variant associated with the outcome, and different values for a variant associated with both traits in or near the ASGR1 gene. Tab. S6. Mendelian randomization inverse variance weighted estimates for genetically mimicked ASGR1 inhibitors on significant outcomes. Tab. S7. Mendelian randomization inverse variance weighted estimates for genetically mimicked statins, PCSK9 inhibitors and ezetimibe on significant outcomes identified for ASGR1 inhibitors. Tab. S8. Mendelian randomization inverse variance weighted estimates for genetically mimicked ASGR1 inhibitors on significant outcomes in replication studies. Supplemental Note. R code for Mendelian randomization analysis, phenome-wide association analysis and colocalization analysis.
BugsInPy: A Database of Existing Bugs in Python Programs to Enable Controlled Testing and Debugging Studies
Creators: name: Widyasari, Ratnadira
name: Sim, Sheng Qin
name: Lok, Camellia
name: Qi, Haodi
name: Phan, Jack
name: Tay, Qijin
name: Tan, Constance
name: Wee, Fiona
name: Tan, Jodie Ethelda
name: Yieh, Yuheng
name: Goh, Brian
name: Thung, Ferdian
name: Kang, Hong Jin
name: Hoang, Thong
name: Lo, David
name: Ouh, Eng Lieh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The 2019 edition of Stack Overflow developer survey highlights that, for the first time, Python outperformed Java in terms of popularity. The gap between Python and Java further widened in the 2020 edition of the survey. Unfortunately, despite the rapid increase in Python's popularity, there are not many testing and debugging tools that are designed for Python. This is in stark contrast with the abundance of testing and debugging tools for Java. Thus, there is a need to push research on tools that can help Python developers. One factor that contributed to the rapid growth of Java testing and debugging tools is the availability of benchmarks. A popular benchmark is the Defects4J benchmark; its initial version contained 357 real bugs from 5 real-world Java programs. Each bug comes with a test suite that can expose the bug. Defects4J has been used by hundreds of testing and debugging studies and has helped to push the frontier of research in these directions. In this project, inspired by Defects4J, we create another benchmark database and tool that contain 493 real bugs from 17 real-world Python programs. We hope our benchmark can help catalyze future work on testing and debugging tools that work on Python programs.
Pulse-Width Modulation Technique With Harmonic Injection in the Modulating Wave and Discontinuous Frequency Modulation for the Carrier Wave for Multilevel Inverters: An Application to the Reduction of Acoustic Noise in Induction Motors
Creators: name: Ruiz-Gonzalez, Antonio
name: Heredia-Larrubia, Juan-Ramon
name: Meco-Gutierrez, Mario J.
name: Perez-Hidalgo, Francisco-M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: An implementation of a harmonic injection pulse width modulation frequency-modulated triangular carrier (HIPWM-FMTC) control strategy applied to a multilevel power inverter feeding an asynchronous motor is presented. The aim was to justify the reduction in acoustic noise emitted by the machine compared with other strategies in the technical literature. In addition, we checked how the THD at the inverter output was reduced compared to the other control techniques used as a reference. The proposed strategy is based on frequency modulation of the triangular carrier. The main advantage of the proposed method is that only one control parameter is required for modifying the electrical spectrum. Therefore, the mechanical natural frequencies and spatial harmonics of the machine can be avoided, and acoustic noise can be reduced. The effectiveness of the technique was demonstrated after laboratory validation by comparing the acoustic results for a 1 kW motor. The results obtained from the laboratory tests are presented and compared with those of other acoustic measurements using different PWM strategies.
Additional file 1 of Associations of circulating proteins with lipoprotein profiles: proteomic analyses from the OmniHeart randomized trial and the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study
Creators: name: Kim, Hyunju
name: Lichtenstein, Alice H.
name: Ganz, Peter
name: Miller, Edgar R.
name: Coresh, Josef
name: Appel, Lawrence J.
name: Rebholz, Casey M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Additional file 1 (docx format): supplemental data on study design and study population, and original OmniHeart Trial results. Figure S1. Study design of the OmniHeart trial. Figure S2. Flow diagram of study participants in the OmniHeart proteomics study. Figure S3. Flow diagram of study participants in the ARIC Study. Figure S4. Proteins overlapping across 3 diet comparisons: (1) protein-rich vs. carbohydrate-rich (reference), (2) unsaturated fat-rich vs. carbohydrate-rich (reference), and (3) protein-rich vs. unsaturated fat-rich dietary patterns (reference). Table S1 Effect of dietary patterns which vary in macronutrients and lipoproteins. Table S2. Association between differences in diet-related plasma proteins and differences in lipoprotein concentrations in the OmniHeart Trial, stratified by sex.
On a logarithmic version of the derived McKay correspondence
Creators: name: Scherotzke, Sarah
name: Sibilla, Nicolò
name: Talpo, Mattia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14F05, 14D06, 14E16

description: We globalize the derived version of the McKay correspondence of Bridgeland-King-Reid, proven by Kawamata in the case of abelian quotient singularities, to certain log algebraic stacks with locally free log structure. The two sides of the correspondence are given respectively by the infinite root stack and by a certain version of the valuativization (the projective limit of every possible log blow-up). Our results imply, in particular, that in good cases the category of coherent parabolic sheaves with rational weights is invariant under log blow-up, up to Morita equivalence.
description: v3: Implemented referee's suggestions. 55 pages. Final version, to appear in Compositio Mathematica
Molecular Dynamics Studies of Dog Prion Protein Wild-type and Its D159N Mutant
Creators: name: Zhang, Jiapu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Prion diseases (e.g. "mad cow" disease in cattle, chronic wasting disease in deer and elk, CJD in humans) have been a major public health concern affecting humans and almost all animals. However, dogs are strongly resistant to prion diseases. Recently, it was reported that the single (surface) residue D159 is sufficient to confer protection against protein conformational change and pathogenesis, providing conformational stability for dog prion protein (Neurobiology of Disease Volume 95 (November 2016) pages 204-209). This paper studies dog prion protein wild-type and D159N mutant through molecular dynamics techniques. Molecular dynamics results reveal sufficient structural informatics on the residue at position 159 to understand the mechanism underlying the resistance to prion diseases of dogs.
Additional file 1 of Association between caregiver type and catastrophic health expenditure among households using inpatient medical services: using Korean health panel
Creators: name: Park, Yu shin
name: Kim, Hyunkyu
name: Yun, Il
name: Park, Eun-Cheol
name: Jang, Suk-Yong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
classificationCode: 69999
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Appendix figure 1. Flow chart.
Pair Events in Superluminal Optics
Creators: name: Nemiroff, Robert J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Popular Physics (physics.pop-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When an object moves faster than emissions it creates, it may appear at two positions simultaneously. The appearance or disappearance of this bifurcation is referred to as a pair event. Inherently convolved with superluminal motion, pair events have no subluminal counterparts. Common examples of superluminal motions that exhibit pair events include Cherenkov radiation, sonic booms, illumination fronts from variable light sources, and rotating beams. The minimally simple case of pair events from a single massive object is explored here: uniform linear motion. A pair event is perceived when the radial component of the object's speed toward the observer drops from superluminal to subluminal. Emission from the pair creation event will reach the observer before emission from either of the two images created. Potentially observable image pair events are described for sonic booms and Cherenkov light. To date, no detection of discrete images following a projectile pair event have ever been reported, and so the pair event nature of sonic booms and Cherenkov radiation, for example, remains unconfirmed. Recent advances in modern technology have made such pair event tracking feasible. If measured, pair events could provide important information about object distance and history.
description: 13 pages, 3 figures. in press: Annalen der Physik
Additional file 2 of Association between caregiver type and catastrophic health expenditure among households using inpatient medical services: using Korean health panel
Creators: name: Park, Yu shin
name: Kim, Hyunkyu
name: Yun, Il
name: Park, Eun-Cheol
name: Jang, Suk-Yong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
classificationCode: 69999
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2: Appendix table 1. Association between type of caregiver and catastrophic health expenditure.
Undermining Trust in Learning and Inference Systems
Creators: name: Updyke, Dustin
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2023
Subjects: Computer Communications Networks

description: We are inclined to trust computers as we would any other tool, through motivations based upon repeated reliability, and the execution of defined tasks whose functions are well understood. With a laptop in every hand, and a cell phone in every pocket, it is hard to recall a time when we could not depend upon computers to help us live better lives. We have become dependent upon computer systems that help us navigate city traffic, interact with healthcare professionals, and stay connected with family members across the globe. However, the rise of learning and inference systems change the fundamental relationship between us and machine, in that the computer is now less of a tool and more of a teammate. These types of systems, including artificial intelligence systems, make important decisions on our behalf or replace the need for our intervention entirely. In addition, while the activities performed by learning and inference systems are expanding, they are not always well defined, nor do we often know how such a system makes decisions and executes tasks. Still, when computers operate as we expect, they can improve our lives in many ways, and we can hardly envision how we ever did without them. But computers also operate in ways that we don’t expect. They are subject to an array of security concerns. When a computer provides surprising results, perhaps these can directly affect our trust in such as system. If we come to not trust a system that we reply upon, what happens? Since we depend upon computers for so much in the modern age, we should assume that trust will likely be the target of adversaries. What is particularly worrisome is that these attacks can essentially modify our expected results but without informing us of what exactly has changed, or how this has occurred. Let’s consider several historical examples of how this scenario might evolve.
Demonstration of monogamy laws for Gaussian steering in optomechanics
Creators: name: Qars, J El
name: Daoud, M
name: Laamara, R Ahl
name: Habiballah, N
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Secrecy and security are crucial in communication. So, quantum secret sharing protocol has recently been proposed to distribute a secret message to a set of parties, where the decoding procedure is forbidden individually, and a cooperative operation is needed. For this, quantum steering as an intriguing kind of nonlocality, is proven to be a useful resource for efficient implementations of the QSS protocol. Here, we study the distribution of Gaussian steering over an asymmetric three-mode optomechanical state. We show that a single-mode cannot be jointly steered by the two others, and further verify the monogamy inequalities of Gaussian steering. The state at hand displays genuine tripartite steering. Also, we observe one-way steering in the configuration (1vs1) mode as well as (1vs2) mode, hence, we reveal that the asymmetry introduced into the state we consider, is a necessary condition but not sufficient for reaching one way steering. As well, we detect one-way steering between two modes never directly interact. Strikingly, our model exhibits an extreme level of steering, where two single-mode cannot steer individually the third mode, while, they can collectively, which is decisive for practical execution of the QSS protocol.
Performance-Based Biped Control using a Consumer Depth Camera
Creators: name: Lee, Yoonsang
name: Kwon, Taesoo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present a technique for controlling physically simulated characters using user inputs from an off-the-shelf depth camera. Our controller takes a real-time stream of user poses as input, and simulates a stream of target poses of a biped based on it. The simulated biped mimics the user's actions while moving forward at a modest speed and maintaining balance. The controller is parameterized over a set of modulated reference motions that aims to cover the range of possible user actions. For real-time simulation, the best set of control parameters for the current input pose is chosen from the parameterized sets of pre-computed control parameters via a regression method. By applying the chosen parameters at each moment, the simulated biped can imitate a range of user actions while walking in various interactive scenarios.
description: Eurographics 2017
Additional file 1 of RGS4 impacts carbohydrate and siderophore metabolism in Trichoderma reesei
Creators: name: Schalamun, Miriam
name: Molin, Eva Maria
name: Schmoll, Monika
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 1.
Exploring the Transferability of a Foundation Model for Fundus Images: Application to Hypertensive Retinopathy
Creators: name: Silva-Rodriguez, Julio
name: Chelbi, Jihed
name: Kabir, Waziha
name: Chakor, Hadi
name: Dolz, Jose
name: Ayed, Ismail Ben
name: Kobbi, Riadh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Using deep learning models pre-trained on Imagenet is the traditional solution for medical image classification to deal with data scarcity. Nevertheless, relevant literature supports that this strategy may offer limited gains due to the high dissimilarity between domains. Currently, the paradigm of adapting domain-specialized foundation models is proving to be a promising alternative. However, how to perform such knowledge transfer, and the benefits and limitations it presents, are under study. The CGI-HRDC challenge for Hypertensive Retinopathy diagnosis on fundus images introduces an appealing opportunity to evaluate the transferability of a recently released vision-language foundation model of the retina, FLAIR. In this work, we explore the potential of using FLAIR features as starting point for fundus image classification, and we compare its performance with regard to Imagenet initialization on two popular transfer learning methods: Linear Probing (LP) and Fine-Tuning (FP). Our empirical observations suggest that, in any case, the use of the traditional strategy provides performance gains. In contrast, direct transferability from FLAIR model allows gains of 2.5%. When fine-tuning the whole network, the performance gap increases up to 4%. In this case, we show that avoiding feature deterioration via LP initialization of the classifier allows the best re-use of the rich pre-trained features. Although direct transferability using LP still offers limited performance, we believe that foundation models such as FLAIR will drive the evolution of deep-learning-based fundus image analysis.
description: CGI 2023
Rescaled extrapolation for vector-valued functions
Creators: name: Amenta, Alex
name: Lorist, Emiel
name: Veraar, Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 42B25, Secondary: 42A20, 42B15, 42B20, 46E30

description: We extend Rubio de Francia's extrapolation theorem for functions valued in UMD Banach function spaces, leading to short proofs of some new and known results. In particular we prove Littlewood-Paley-Rubio de Francia-type estimates and boundedness of variational Carleson operators for Banach function spaces with UMD concavifications.
description: Assumption on well-definedness and strong measurability added to main theorems. Minor modifications. To appear in Publicacions Matematiques
Additional file 1 of Evaluation of post-acute care and one-year outcomes among Medicare beneficiaries with hip fractures: a retrospective cohort study
Creators: name: Riester, Melissa R.
name: Beaudoin, Francesca L.
name: Joshi, Richa
name: Hayes, Kaleen N.
name: Cupp, Meghan A.
name: Berry, Sarah D.
name: Zullo, Andrew R.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
classificationCode: 39999
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Flow diagram of the study population. Figure S2. Inverse probability of treatment weighted one-year survival curves for fall-related injuries. Figure S3. Inverse probability of treatment weighted one-year survival curves for hospital readmission. Figure S4. Inverse probability of treatment weighted one-year survival curves for death. Figure S5. Inverse probability of treatment weighted one-year survival curves for hip fracture. Figure S6. Inverse probability of treatment weighted one-year survival curves for lower extremity fracture. Figure S7. Inverse probability of treatment weighted one-year survival curves for axial fracture. Figure S8. Inverse probability of treatment weighted one-year survival curves for upper extremity fracture. Figure S9. Inverse probability of treatment weighted one-year survival curves for intracranial bleeding. Table S1. International Classification of Diseases, Ninthand TenthRevision Codes Used to identify fall related injuries. Table S2. Standardized mean differences before and after inverse probability of treatment weighting among individuals discharged to different post-acute care settings after hip fracture hospitalization. Table S3. Risk differences and rate differences comparing one-year outcomes after discharge from post-acute care between settings following hip fracture, 2012-2018. Table S4. Risk differences and rate differences comparing one-year specific fall-related injury outcomes after discharge from post-acute care between settings following hip fracture, 2012-2018. Table S5. Associations between post-acute care setting following hip fracture and outcomes up to one year after discharge from post-acute care, 2012-2018. Table S6. Associations between post-acute care setting following hip fracture and outcomes, accounting for the competing risk of death. Table S7. E-values for quantitative bias sensitivity analyses.
Understanding and Measuring the Performance of Mixed Mode Urban Freight Delivery Systems Using Large Scale Mobility Data
Creators: name: Choudhry, Arnav
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2023
Subjects: Transportation and Freight Services not elsewhere classified
Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing not elsewhere classified

description: This dissertation addresses the critical gap in understanding and evaluating the efficiency and sustainability of mixed-mode urban freight delivery systems. Existing performance metrics often fall short in providing a holistic view, being mostly mode-specific and unidimensional. To overcome this challenge, we propose a comprehensive metric - the Urban Freight Mobility Energy Productivity (UF-MEP), providing a multi-dimensional performance perspective. Our study uses a data-driven approach, integrating various inputs across different delivery modes. The first part of the research introduces a deep-learning based energy model to assess the risk associated with worst-case energy consumption in drone operations for last-mile deliveries. Utilizing a Temporal Convolutional Network (TCN), we generate a risk distribution which, together with the worst-case energy use, provides a comprehensive risk assessment framework. The second part focuses on inferencing truck activity from GPS data, presenting a unique method for determining truck operations, activity hotspots, and thereby enabling an understanding of the overall operational patterns. The algorithm developed in this segment was applied on a large-scale real-world dataset, providing pragmatic insights into the effect of variable data frequency and data loss. In the third part, we propose a novel multi-dimensional performance metric, the UF-MEP. Applying this metric to large-scale truck networks in the greater Philadelphia region, we demonstrated its applicability and relevance. UF-MEP provided a unified measure that considers cost, time, energy, and mode compatibility factors, offering insights into the quality and energy efficiency of urban freight delivery systems. While this work lays a solid foundation, future research could focus on extending the factors considered within the UF-MEP framework and integrating with regional freight demand models. This could provide a more nuanced tool for policymakers and urban planners, allowing for an evaluation of diverse investment strategies, policy decisions, and the influence of new technologies on urban freight transportation accessibility.
Galactic Distribution of Chirality Sources of Organic Molecules
Creators: name: Helman, Daniel S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Conceptualizing planetary habitability depends on understanding how living organisms originated and what features of environments are essential to foster abiogenesis. Estimates of the abundance of life's building blocks are confounded by incomplete knowledge of the role of chirality and racemization in organic compounds in the origination of living organisms. Chirality is an essential feature of enzymes as well as many lock-and-key type structures. There are four known processes that can act on complex organic molecules to promote racemization for abiogenesis: quantum-tunneling effects; selection via interaction with circularly polarized light (CPL); templating processes; and interactions with electrical and magnetic (EM) fields. These occur in different places, respectively: cold interstellar space; regions of space with energetic photons, dust and/or magnetic fields; and mineral surfaces (for both templating and EM fields). Chirality as a feature of terrestrial life suggests neither a special place for local development of homochirality nor for extra-terrestrial enrichment and delivery. The presence of these molecules in three competing scenarios for life's origin - chemical gardens, geothermal fields, and ice substrates - relies on a framework of hypothesis and estimation. An easily-modified worksheet is included in the supplemental material that allows a user to generate different scenarios and data related to the distribution of chiral organic molecules as building blocks for living organisms within the galaxy. A simple hypothetical mechanism for planetary magnetic field reversals, based on a high-density plasma inner core, is also presented as a means to aid in estimating field polarity and hence the orientation of racemization processes based on planetary magnetic fields.
description: Originally written in consultation with Richard Gordon and Alexei Sharov who were putting together the Elsevier volume "Habitability of the Universe Before Earth."
ROLE OF PHYSICAL SPACES ON INFANT POSTURE AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY DURING THE FIRST YEAR OF LIFE
Creators: name: Springfield, Alicia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: motor developments
infants
locomotion
spontaneous movement

description: The present study investigated the role of physical spaces, on the exhibition of infant posture and physical activity, within the first year of life. To examine this, we utilized longitudinal observations from nine healthy infants longitudinally. Observations began as early as one month and continued until 12 months. As a home-based, naturalistic observation study, the researcher acted as furniture in the participant’s home, recording spontaneous movement each month. The analysis of video observation data included continuous coding for the frequency and duration of the infant location (e.g., restrictive, and non-restrictive), and posture. Statistical analyses of variances were conducted to consider existing differences in location and posture across the observation period; before considering these elements concurrently. Physical activity was considered initially via correlational analysis of postural transitions during an hour of playtime. An exploratory case study was then conducted to assess physical activity, utilizing data from two of the participants. For these participants video data was coded for the frequency and duration of physical activity across four observation periods longitudinally. Finally, a descriptive analysis considered the percentage of time that infants spent physically active within the location categories. In line with our hypotheses, we found that infant location can constrain the exhibition of resulting postures and spontaneous movement. The location and posture data reflected significant changes longitudinally. Similarly, over the first twelve months we witnessed patterns of increased infant physical activity within non-restrictive locations. However, due to the limitations of this investigation, the resulting data remains within its preliminary stages.
Loop Models and $K$-Theory
Creators: name: Zinn-Justin, Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This is a review/announcement of results concerning the connection between certain exactly solvable two-dimensional models of statistical mechanics, namely loop models, and the equivariant $K$-theory of the cotangent bundle of the Grassmannian. We interpret various concepts from integrable systems ($R$-matrix, partition function on a finite domain) in geometric terms. As a byproduct, we provide explicit formulae for $K$-classes of various coherent sheaves, including structure and (conjecturally) square roots of canonical sheaves and canonical sheaves of conormal varieties of Schubert varieties.
Additional file 1 of Physical function and severe side effects matter most to patients with RA (< 5 years): a discrete choice experiment assessing preferences for personalized RA treatment
Creators: name: Bywall, Karin Schölin
name: Esbensen, Bente Appel
name: Heidenvall, Marie
name: Erlandsson, Inger
name: Lason, Marta
name: Hansson, Mats
name: Johansson, Jennifer Viberg
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
classificationCode: 111714
subject: Mental Health

description: Additional file 1. Table 1. Latent class analysis with covariates tested for potential impact on class membership.