cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Optical phonon modes assisted thermal conductivity in p-type ZrIrSb Half-Heusler alloy: A combined experimental and computational study
Creators: name: Yadav, Kavita
name: Singh, Saurabh
name: Takeuchi, Tsunehiro
name: Mukherjee, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Half Heusler (HH) alloys with 18 valence electron count have attracted significant interest in the area of research related to thermoelectrics. Understanding the novel transport properties exhibited by these systems with semiconducting ground state is an important focus area in this field. Large thermal conductivity shown by most of the HH alloy possesses a major hurdle in improving the figure of merit (ZT). Additionally, understanding the mechanism of thermal conduction in heavy constituents HH alloys is an interesting aspect. Here, we have investigated the high temperature thermoelectric properties of ZrIrSb through experimental studies, phonon dispersion and electronic band structure calculations. ZrIrSb is found to exhibit substantially lower magnitude of resistivity and Seebeck coefficient near room temperature, owing to existence of anti-site disorder between Ir/Sb and vacant sites. Interestingly, in ZrIrSb, lattice thermal conductivity is governed by coupling between the acoustic and low frequency optical phonon modes, which originates due to heavier Ir/Sb atoms. This coupling leads to an enhancement in the Umklapp processes due to the optical phonon excitations near zone boundary, resulting in a lower magnitude of \k{appa}L. Our studies point to the fact that the simultaneous existence of two heavy mass elements within a simple unit cell can substantially decrease the lattice degrees of freedom.
Positioning system for Baikal-GVD
Creators: name: Allakhverdyan, V. A.
name: Avrorin, A. D.
name: Avrorin, A. V.
name: Aynutdinov, V. M.
name: Bannasch, R.
name: Bardačová, Z.
name: Belolaptikov, I. A.
name: Borina, I. V.
name: Brudanin, V. B.
name: Budnev, N. M.
name: Dik, V. Y.
name: Domogatsky, G. V.
name: Doroshenko, A. A.
name: Dvornický, R.
name: Dyachok, A. N.
name: Dzhilkibaev, Zh. -A. M.
name: Eckerová, E.
name: Elzhov, T. V.
name: Fajt, L.
name: Fialkovski, S. V.
name: Gafarov, A. R.
name: Golubkov, K. V.
name: Gorshkov, N. S.
name: Gress, T. I.
name: Katulin, M. S.
name: Kebkal, K. G.
name: Kebkal, O. G.
name: Khramov, E. V.
name: Kolbin, M. M.
name: Konischev, K. V.
name: Kopański, K. A.
name: Korobchenko, A. V.
name: Koshechkin, A. P.
name: Kozhin, V. A.
name: Kruglov, M. V.
name: Kryukov, M. K.
name: Kulepov, V. F.
name: Malecki, Pa.
name: Malyshkin, Y. M.
name: Milenin, M. B.
name: Mirgazov, R. R.
name: Naumov, D. V.
name: Nazari, V.
name: Noga, W.
name: Petukhov, D. P.
name: Pliskovsky, E. N.
name: Rozanov, M. I.
name: Rushay, V. D.
name: Ryabov, E. V.
name: Safronov, G. B.
name: Shaybonov, B. A.
name: Shelepov, M. D.
name: Šimkovic, F.
name: Sirenko, A. E.
name: Skurikhin, A. V.
name: Solovjev, A. G.
name: Sorokovikov, M. N.
name: Štekl, I.
name: Stromakov, A. P.
name: Sushenok, E. O.
name: Suvorova, O. V.
name: Tabolenko, V. A.
name: Tarashansky, B. A.
name: Yablokova, Y. V.
name: Yakovlev, S. A.
name: Zaborov, D. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Baikal-GVD is a kilometer scale neutrino telescope currently under construction in Lake Baikal. Due to water currents in Lake Baikal, individual photomultiplier housings are mobile and can drift away from their initial position. In order to accurately determine the coordinates of the photomultipliers, the telescope is equipped with an acoustic positioning system. The system consists of a network of acoustic modems, installed along the telescope strings and uses acoustic trilateration to determine the coordinates of individual modems. This contribution discusses the current state of the positioning in Baikal-GVD, including the recent upgrade to the acoustic modem polling algorithm.
description: Presented at 37th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC 2021)
Approximate Bisimulation Minimisation
Creators: name: Kiefer, Stefan
name: Tang, Qiyi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Formal Languages and Automata Theory (cs.FL)
subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose polynomial-time algorithms to minimise labelled Markov chains whose transition probabilities are not known exactly, have been perturbed, or can only be obtained by sampling. Our algorithms are based on a new notion of an approximate bisimulation quotient, obtained by lumping together states that are exactly bisimilar in a slightly perturbed system. We present experiments that show that our algorithms are able to recover the structure of the bisimulation quotient of the unperturbed system.
description: Full version of an FSTTCS'21 paper
NuSTAR observations of a repeatedly microflaring active region
Creators: name: Cooper, Kristopher
name: Hannah, Iain G.
name: Grefenstette, Brian W.
name: Glesener, Lindsay
name: Krucker, Säm
name: Hudson, Hugh S.
name: White, Stephen M.
name: Smith, David M.
name: Duncan, Jessie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the spatial, temporal, and spectral properties of 10 microflares from AR12721 on 2018 September 9 and 10 observed in X-rays using the Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope ARray (NuSTAR) and the Solar Dynamic Observatory's Atmospheric Imaging Assembly and Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager (SDO/AIA and HMI). We find GOES sub-A class equivalent microflare energies of 10$^{26}$-10$^{28}$ erg reaching temperatures up to 10 MK with consistent quiescent or hot active region core plasma temperatures of 3-4 MK. One microflare (SOL2018-09-09T10:33), with an equivalent GOES class of A0.1, has non-thermal HXR emission during its impulsive phase (of non-thermal power $\sim$7$\times$10$^{24}$ erg s$^{-1}$) making it one of the faintest X-ray microflares to have direct evidence for accelerated electrons. In 4 of the 10 microflares, we find that the X-ray time profile matches fainter and more transient sources in the EUV, highlighting the need for observations sensitive to only the hottest material that reaches temperatures higher than those of the active region core ($>$5 MK). Evidence for corresponding photospheric magnetic flux cancellation/emergence present at the footpoints of 8 microflares is also observed.
description: Accepted for published in MNRAS
Distributed training and scalability for the particle clustering method UCluster
Creators: name: Gudnadottir, Olga Sunneborn
name: Gedon, Daniel
name: Desmarais, Colin
name: Bernander, Karl Bengtsson
name: Sainudiin, Raazesh
name: Suarez, Rebeca Gonzalez
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In recent years, machine-learning methods have become increasingly important for the experiments at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). They are utilised in everything from trigger systems to reconstruction and data analysis. The recent UCluster method is a general model providing unsupervised clustering of particle physics data, that can be easily modified to provide solutions for a variety of different decision problems. In the current paper, we improve on the UCluster method by adding the option of training the model in a scalable and distributed fashion, and thereby extending its utility to learn from arbitrarily large data sets. UCluster combines a graph-based neural network called ABCnet with a clustering step, using a combined loss function in the training phase. The original code is publicly available in TensorFlow v1.14 and has previously been trained on a single GPU. It shows a clustering accuracy of 81% when applied to the problem of multi-class classification of simulated jet events. Our implementation adds the distributed training functionality by utilising the Horovod distributed training framework, which necessitated a migration of the code to TensorFlow v2. Together with using parquet files for splitting data up between different compute nodes, the distributed training makes the model scalable to any amount of input data, something that will be essential for use with real LHC data sets. We find that the model is well suited for distributed training, with the training time decreasing in direct relation to the number of GPU's used. However, further improvements by a more exhaustive and possibly distributed hyper-parameter search is required in order to achieve the reported accuracy of the original UCluster method.
description: Presented at vCHEP 2021
A broadband radio study of PSR J0250+5854: the slowest-spinning radio pulsar known
Creators: name: Agar, C. H.
name: Weltevrede, P.
name: Bondonneau, L.
name: Grießmeier, J. -M.
name: Hessels, J. W. T.
name: Huang, W. J.
name: Karastergiou, A.
name: Keith, M. J.
name: Kondratiev, V. I.
name: Künsemöller, J.
name: Li, D.
name: Peng, B.
name: Sobey, C.
name: Stappers, B. W.
name: Tan, C. M.
name: Theureau, G.
name: Wang, H. G.
name: Zhang, C. M.
name: Cecconi, B.
name: Girard, J. N.
name: Loh, A.
name: Zarka, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present radio observations of the most slowly rotating known radio pulsar PSR J0250+5854. With a 23.5 s period, it is close, or even beyond, the $P$-$\dot{P}$ diagram region thought to be occupied by active pulsars. The simultaneous observations with FAST, the Chilbolton and Effelsberg LOFAR international stations, and NenuFAR represent a five-fold increase in the spectral coverage of this object, with the detections at 1250 MHz (FAST) and 57 MHz (NenuFAR) being the highest- and lowest-frequency published respectively to date. We measure a flux density of $4\pm2$ $μ$Jy at 1250 MHz and an exceptionally steep spectral index of $-3.5^{+0.2}_{-1.5}$, with a turnover below $\sim$95 MHz. In conjunction with observations of this pulsar with the GBT and the LOFAR Core, we show that the intrinsic profile width increases drastically towards higher frequencies, contrary to the predictions of conventional radius-to-frequency mapping. We examine polarimetric data from FAST and the LOFAR Core and conclude that its polar cap radio emission is produced at an absolute height of several hundreds of kilometres around 1.5 GHz, similar to other rotation-powered pulsars across the population. Its beam is significantly underfilled at lower frequencies, or it narrows because of the disappearance of conal outriders. Finally, the results for PSR J0250+5854 and other slowly spinning rotation-powered pulsars are contrasted with the radio-detected magnetars. We conclude that magnetars have intrinsically wider radio beams than the slow rotation-powered pulsars, and that consequently the latter's lower beaming fraction is what makes objects such as PSR J0250+5854 so scarce.
description: 14 pages, 6 figures
Method of analysis of Videotaped infant behavior relevant to the acquisition of speech
Creators: name: Woodward, Patricia E.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The purpose of this study was to evaluate a new method by which to observe and categorize infant pre-speech behavior and to relate such behavior to the acquisition of speech. Pre-speech behavior in this study was observable behavior that occurred prior to the child's production of his first word. The salient innovations of the new Method are: the use of a time frame, use of ethological categories, and use of two levels of coding. Videotapes of the infant's natural behavior at home are first dubbed with an inconspicuous visual time signal. Primary coding of the auditory and visual information on the tape is done according to the ethological classification of elements of behavior. Secondary coding of the same data may be done in whatever units or definitions investigators wish. The videotapes of raw data and computer files of primary coding constitute a data bank which facilitates cross-disciplinary analyses. The Method is also applicable to observation of speech behavior. Evaluation of the new Method was done by applying it in a field trial longitudinal study of two infants. Five minute samples of behavior were analyzed for each month from the ninth to the fifteenth month inclusive. Secondary coding reflected theories of non-verbal communication, psycholinguistics, and Piagetian cognitive development. Communications analogous to language functions (Jakobson, 1960) and operations of reference (Brown, 1973) were found before speech. Ethological findings incidental to the field trial were consistent with findings reported for the human infant ethogram. The main strengths of the Method, demonstrated in the field trial, were its success in allowing the investigator to monitor the reliability of the coding and to find and relate individual moments in the original data to several simultaneous types of analysis. The expense of the Method may limit its application except by multi-disciplinary research groups. Cross-disciplinary discussion of the findings suggested future applications of the Method as a source of data for research in the area of speech acquisition.
Conserved charge fluctuations at vanishing net-baryon density from Lattice QCD
Creators: name: Goswami, Jishnu
name: Karsch, Frithjof
name: Mukherjee, Swagato
name: Petreczky, Peter
name: Schmidt, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present here continuum extrapolated results for all 2nd order cumulants using the most recent results obtained by the HotQCD collaboration in (2+1)-flavor QCD. We constrain the applicability of various HRG models by presenting a detailed comparison of our results based on different sets of hadron spectra as well as with virial expansion based model calculations. A comparison with our lattice QCD results for 2nd order cumulants with models that parametrize repulsive interactions among baryons and anti-baryons in a hadron resonance gas through a single excluded volume parameter (EVHRG) is also shown.
description: prepared for the proceedings of "SQM2021"
Grain: Improving Data Efficiency of Graph Neural Networks via Diversified Influence Maximization
Creators: name: Zhang, Wentao
name: Yang, Zhi
name: Wang, Yexin
name: Shen, Yu
name: Li, Yang
name: Wang, Liang
name: Cui, Bin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Data selection methods, such as active learning and core-set selection, are useful tools for improving the data efficiency of deep learning models on large-scale datasets. However, recent deep learning models have moved forward from independent and identically distributed data to graph-structured data, such as social networks, e-commerce user-item graphs, and knowledge graphs. This evolution has led to the emergence of Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) that go beyond the models existing data selection methods are designed for. Therefore, we present Grain, an efficient framework that opens up a new perspective through connecting data selection in GNNs with social influence maximization. By exploiting the common patterns of GNNs, Grain introduces a novel feature propagation concept, a diversified influence maximization objective with novel influence and diversity functions, and a greedy algorithm with an approximation guarantee into a unified framework. Empirical studies on public datasets demonstrate that Grain significantly improves both the performance and efficiency of data selection (including active learning and core-set selection) for GNNs. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first attempt to bridge two largely parallel threads of research, data selection, and social influence maximization, in the setting of GNNs, paving new ways for improving data efficiency.
Experimental demonstration of optimal probabilistic enhancement of quantum coherence
Creators: name: Stárek, Robert
name: Mičuda, Michal
name: Kolář, Michal
name: Filip, Radim
name: Fiurášek, Jaromír
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically and experimentally investigate conditional enhancement of overall coherence of quantum states by probabilistic quantum operations that apply to the input state a quantum filter diagonal in the basis of incoherent states. We identify the optimal filters that for a given probability of successful filtering maximize the output coherence. We verify the performance of the studied quantum filters in a proof-of-principle experiment with linear optics, where a pair of two-level quantum systems is represented by polarization states of two photons. We comprehensively characterize the implemented two-qubit linear optical quantum filters by full quantum process tomography and we experimentally observe the optimal quantum coherence enhancement by quantum filtering.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures
Near-infrared emission from spatially indirect excitons in type II ZnTe/CdSe/(Zn,Mg)Te core/double-shell nanowires
Creators: name: Wojnar, Piotr
name: Plachta, Jakub
name: Reszka, Anna
name: Lahnemann, Jonas
name: Kaleta, Anna
name: Kret, Slawomir
name: Baranowski, Piotr
name: Wojcik, Maciej
name: Kowalski, Bogdan J.
name: Baczewski, Lech T.
name: Karczewski, Grzegorz
name: Wojtowicz, Tomasz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: ZnTe/CdSe/(Zn,Mg)Te core/double-shell nanowires are grown by molecular beam epitaxy by employing the vapor-liquid-solid growth mechanism assisted with gold catalysts. A photoluminescence study of these structures reveals the presence of an optical emission in the near infrared. We assign this emission to the spatially indirect exciton recombination at the ZnTe/CdSe type II interface. This conclusion is confirmed by the observation of a significant blue-shift of the emission energy with an increasing excitation fluence induced by the electron-hole separation at the interface. Cathodoluminescence measurements reveal that the optical emission in the near infrared originates from nanowires and not from two dimensional residual deposits between them. Moreover, it is demonstrated that the emission energy in the near infrared depends on the average CdSe shell thickness and the average Mg concentration within the (Zn,Mg)Te shell. The main mechanism responsible for these changes is associated with the strain induced by the (Zn,Mg)Te shell in the entire core/shell nanowire heterostructure.
description: 7 pages
title: Memoria Anual SOCIB 2023
title: SOCIB 2023 Annual Report
Creators: name: Balearic Islands Coastal Observing And Forecasting System (SOCIB)
Publisher: name: Balearic Islands Coastal Observing and Forecasting System
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Memoria Anual
subject: SOCIB
subject: 2023
subject: Annual Report
subject: SOCIB
subject: 2023

description: La Memoria Anual 2023 destaca los logros y avances de la ICTS SOCIB, reflejando su compromiso con la ciencia, la innovaci�n y la excelencia. Incluye un resumen ejecutivo, una presentaci�n institucional, y detalla hitos, instalaciones clave, producci�n cient�fica, proyectos, colaboraciones, eventos, formaci�n y actividades de divulgaci�n. Tambi�n ofrece un an�lisis de los recursos econ�micos y humanos, el cumplimiento de objetivos y documentos estrat�gicos, con anexos sobre producci�n y proyectos realizados. Un documento esencial para comprender las contribuciones y avances de la ICTS SOCIB en 2023.
description: The SOCIB 2023 Annual Report highlights the achievements and progress of the ICTS SOCIB, reflecting its commitment to marine science, innovation, and excellence. It includes an executive summary, an institutional presentation, and details key milestones, core facilities, scientific output, projects, collaborations, events, training, and outreach activities. It also provides an analysis of economic and human resources, the achievement of objectives, and strategic documents, with annexes covering the scientific output and projects undertaken. An essential document to understand ICTS SOCIB's contributions and advancements in 2023.
title: GSICS quarterly. Volume 2, number 3 (2008)
Creators: name: Global Space-Based Inter-Calibration System Coordination Center,
Publisher: name: U.S. Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service, Center for Satellite Applications and Research
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Satellite meteorology
subject: Global Observing System (Meteorology)

description: GSICS Quarterly is a newsletter designed to communicate GSICS activities to all GSICS members and partners, as well as to satellite data users and policy makers
Ani_Avagyan.pdf
Creators: name: Avagyan, Ani
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 90507 Transport Engineering
subject: FOS: Civil engineering

description: This study investigates the optimal internal tire pressure affecting the maximum tire usage of a particular minibus operating on a particular route in Armenia. Regression equations were developed that show the dependence of the tire usage on the internal tire pressure and wear. The results of operational and stand tests reveal the nature of the impact of the tread sipe density on tire usage. The analysis of the study shows that among the most influential factors affecting automobile tire usage are the density of tire tread sipes and the internal tire-pressure 
title:  Rollout of a Digital Comprehensive Safety Management System in a Large Public Agency
title: A Case Study with Kentucky Transportation Cabinet
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Pham, Salena
Publisher: name: University of Kentucky Libraries
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 2.1
subject: FOS: Civil engineering

description: It’s understood that construction is extremely dangerous and highway construction has an added risk that comes from the presence of traffic. Many steps and prevention measures can be taken to reduce the risks to workers’ safety in highway work zones. Kentucky Transportation Cabinet (KYTC) realized they had room for improvement and wanted to have a database that would allow for analysis of the common causes of incidents. The new software KYTC wanted to implement is called Origami Risk. Origami Risk is a cloud-based safety management system (SMS) software that offers a huge range of customizable risk management, RMIS, environmental health & safety, and data analytics tools in a single platform that is accessible via web browser and mobile app. To better understand how to implement a SMS in a public agency a literature review was done to review other Department of Transportation’s implementation process and what they learned from the experience. Researchers also held focus groups with KYTC to understand the expectations and concerns of the employees who will be using or administering the SMS. All this information was collected and distributed to KYTC to assist with developing an effective implementation process for a new digital comprehensive SMS.
description: 2023 Salena Pham
Coulomb interaction and semimetal-insulator transition in graphene
Creators: name: Li, Wei
name: Liu, Guo-Zhu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The strong Coulomb interaction between massless Dirac fermions can drive a semimetal-insulator transition in single-layer graphene by dynamically generating an excitonic fermion gap. There is a critical interaction strength $λ_c$ that separates the semimetal phase from the insulator phase. We calculate the specific heat and susceptibility of the system and show that they exhibit distinct behaviors in the semimetal and insulator phases.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures
Pure Exploration and Regret Minimization in Matching Bandits
Creators: name: Sentenac, Flore
name: Yi, Jialin
name: Calauzènes, Clément
name: Perchet, Vianney
name: Vojnovic, Milan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Finding an optimal matching in a weighted graph is a standard combinatorial problem. We consider its semi-bandit version where either a pair or a full matching is sampled sequentially. We prove that it is possible to leverage a rank-1 assumption on the adjacency matrix to reduce the sample complexity and the regret of off-the-shelf algorithms up to reaching a linear dependency in the number of vertices (up to poly log terms).
Espace de Modules Marques des Surfaces Projectives Convexes de Volume Fini
Creators: name: Marquis, Ludovic
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57M50, 51M10, 51A05

description: This article follow the article {http://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00361030/fr/} in which the author characterize the fact of being of finite volume for a convex projective surface. We show here that the moduli space $β_f(Σ_{g,p})$ of the convex projective structure on the surface $Σ_{g,p}$ of genius $g$ with $p$ punctures is homeomorphic to $\R^{16g-16+6p}$. Finally, we show that $β_f(Σ_{g,p})$ can be identify with a connected component of the space of representation of the fundamental group of $Σ_{g,p}$ in $SL(3,R)$ which keep the parabolic modulo conjugaison.
Stochastic resetting in the Kramers problem: A Monte Carlo approach
Creators: name: Cantisán, Julia
name: Seoane, Jesús M.
name: Sanjuán, Miguel A. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The theory of stochastic resetting asserts that restarting a search process at certain times may accelerate the finding of a target. In the case of a classical diffusing particle trapped in a potential well, stochastic resetting may decrease the escape times due to thermal fluctuations. Here, we numerically explore the Kramers problem for a cubic potential, which is the simplest potential with a escape. Both deterministic and Poisson resetting times are analyzed. We use a Monte Carlo approach, which is necessary for generic complex potentials, and we show that the optimal rate is related to the escape times distribution in the case without resetting. Furthermore, we find rates for which resetting is beneficial even if the resetting position is located on the contrary side of the escape.
Uniform density static fluid sphere in Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity and its universality
Creators: name: Dadhich, N.
name: Molina, A.
name: Khugaev, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In Newtonian theory, gravity inside a constant density static sphere is independent of spacetime dimension. Interestingly this general result is also carried over to Einsteinian as well as higher order Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet (Lovelock) gravity notwithstanding their nonlinearity. We prove that the necessary and sufficient condition for universality of Schwarzschild interior solution describing a uniform density sphere for all $n\geq4$ is that its density is constant.
description: 5 pages, title and abstract modified, one author added, considerable improvement in clarity and precision, one reference added, result unchanged. version to agree with the published paper in Phys. Rev. D
FREYA halfway webinar 9 May 2019
Creators: name: Lavasa, Artemis
name: Dohna, Tina
name: Ferguson, Christine A.
name: Bunakov, Vasily
name: Jong, Maaike De
name: Braukmann, Ricarda
name: Morselli, Francesca
name: Dasler, Robin
name: Madden, Frances
name: Lambert, SImon
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: PID
FREYA
Persistent Identifier

description: During the webinar we looked back at the progress of the first part of the project and discussed the PID Graph and the growth of a PID community.
The relativistic uniform model: the metric of the covariant theory of gravitation inside a body
Creators: name: Fedosin, Sergey G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that the sum of stress-energy tensors of the electromagnetic and gravitational fields, the acceleration field and the pressure field inside a stationary uniform spherical body within the framework of relativistic uniform model vanishes. This fact significantly simplifies solution of equation for the metric in covariant theory of gravitation (CTG). The metric tensor components are calculated inside the body, and on its surface they are combined with the components of external metric tensor. This also allows us to exactly determine one of the two unknown coefficients in the metric outside the body. Comparing the CTG metric and the Reissner-Nordström metric in general theory of relativity shows their difference, which is a consequence of difference between equations for the metric and different understanding of essence of cosmological constant.
description: 21 pages
Barium lines in high-quality spectra of two metal-poor giants in the Galactic halo
Creators: name: Cescutti, G.
name: Morossi, C.
name: Franchini, M.
name: Di Marcantonio, P.
name: Chiappini, C.
name: Steffen, M.
name: Valentini, M.
name: François, P.
name: Christlieb, N.
name: Cortés, C.
name: Kobayashi, C.
name: Depagne, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. Theoretical results showed the possibility that neutron capture elements were produced in the early Universe by two different sources: a frequent s-process source hosted by rotating massive stars, and a rare r-process source hosted most likely by neutron star mergers. The two sources produce barium with different isotopic compositions. Aims. We aim to investigate the lines of barium in two halo stars, HD 6268 and HD 4306. The spectra present an exquisite quality, both in terms of resolution (R > 100'000) and signal-to-noise (400). Due to hyperfine splitting (hfs) effects, barium lines are expected to show slightly different profiles depending on the barium isotopic fraction. Methods. We applied a standard local thermodynamic equilibrium synthesis of the barium lines. We compared the synthetic results assuming an s-process isotopic pattern or an r-process isotopic pattern for the two barium lines for each star that exhibited hfs. We also applied a methodology, less dependent on the accuracy of the theoretical Ba hfs structure, that transforms the lines of HD 4306 into those we would observe if its atmospheric parameter values (i.e. Teff, log g, micro- and macro-turbulence, Vsin i, and Ba abundance) were the same as those of HD 6268. Results. With both methods, our results show that the barium lines with hfs effects of HD 4306 are in agreement with an s-process composition and the lines in HD 6268 have a different profile, which is most likely linked to the presence of an r-process isotopic pattern. Conclusions. Two lines of barium of HD 6268 and HD 4306 seem to confirm the theoretical expectation that both r-process events and also s-process contribution by rotating massive stars have polluted the ancient halo of our Galaxy.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Microwave irradiated Carrageenan-Guar gum micro-porous IPN: a novel material for isotropic tissue scaffolding
Creators: name: Sabyasachi Swain
name: Trishna Bal
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: In this study, a novel micro porous honeycomb structured Crg-GG-IPN material was incepted to be applicable as scaffold and accomplished. The hydrophilicity was confirmed by FT-IR and OCA. Amorphous nature and micro-rough surface were confirmed by XRD and AFM. Void fraction was 0.61 ± 0.04. Void space, hemocompatibility and platelet adhesion were captured by SEM. Degradability of the material was confirmed by in-vitro degradation study. Incision method using mice model was a clear evidence for cell attachment and non-toxicity and was confirmed from hematology and histopathology. Thus, it appears that Crg-GG scaffolds can be useful as wound healing material for clinical applications.
Increasing the willingness to participate in organ donation through humorous health communication: (Quasi-) experimental evidence
Creators: name: Betsch, Cornelia
name: Schmid-Küpke, Nora K.
name: Otten, Leonie
name: Von Hirschhausen, Eckart
Publisher: name: Robert Koch-Institut
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Increasing people’s willingness to donate organs after their death requires effective communication strategies. In two preregistered studies, we assessed whether humorous entertainment education formats on organ donation elicit positive effects on knowledge, fears, attitudes, and behavioral intentions–both immediately after the treatment and four weeks later. We test whether perceived funniness mediates expected effects on attitudes and intentions. Study 1 is a quasi-experiment which uses a live medical comedy show (N = 3,964) as an entertainment education format, which either contained or did not contain information about organ donation. Study 2, a lab experiment, tests humor’s causal effect in a pre-post design with a control group (N = 144) in which the same content was provided in either a humorous or non-humorous way in an audio podcast. Results showed that humorous interventions per se were not more effective than neutral information, but that informing people about organ donation in general increased donation intentions, attitudes, and knowledge. However, humorous interventions were especially effective in reducing fears related to organ donation. The findings are discussed regarding the opportunities for sensitive health communication through entertainment education formats, psychological processes that humor triggers, and humor’s role in health communication formats.
Pore-scale modelling of multiphase flow: the impact of geometry and wettability
Creators: name: Giudici, Luke
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2023

description: Traditionally, wettability has been considered key in predicting the nature of two-phase flow through porous media. In this thesis, the local geometry is shown to also have a significant impact, and the interaction between geometry and wettability is studied using a variety of modelling approaches. First, quasi 2D approximations of interfacial curvature, present in current pore-network models, are extended to three dimensions. The new expressions for threshold capillary pressure are calibrated using high-resolution direct numerical simulations. The effects of pore-space expansion and sagittal interface curvature on displacement are quantified and shown to be a key step in improving network model accuracy. The extended network model predictions for relative permeability and capillary pressure agree well with experiments for a water-wet Bentheimer sandstone, demonstrating that the inclusion of 3D interfacial curvature leads to more accurate predictions. Next, the extended network model predictions are compared to lattice-Boltzmann simulations for two synthetic geometries with varying wettabilities. Macroscopic capillary pressures between the two models, and with experiments, agree at intermediate saturations but differ at the end-points. Direct methods at readily accessible resolutions fail to capture layer flow, leading to abnormally large initial wetting and residual non-wetting saturations. Pore-by-pore analysis indicates that the absence of layer flow limits displacement to invasion-percolation in mixed-wet systems. Network models, which can easily capture layer effects, provide predictions closer to experimental observations. However, discrepancies persist for mixed-wet systems due to a limited understanding of mixed-wet displacement. Finally, the stability and displacement of interfaces in mixed-wet media is addressed. Theo- retical and numerical considerations reveal that interface stability depends on both the local geometry and wettability. An explanation is provided for the observed low capillary pressure displacement in mixed-wet systems, along with an empirical expression predicting threshold displacement pressure in a 3D geometry with realistic pore-space expansion.
Fistola Artero-venosa Radio-Cefalica Distale per Emodialisi nel paziente anziano: Valutazione dei risultati ottenuti con l'utilizzo della Tecnica Microchirurgica
Outcomes evaluation of Autogenus Radio-Cephalic direct wrist access for Hemodialysis creation in The Ederly using Microsurgery
Creators: name: Baldinelli, Matteo <1977>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2012
Subjects: MED/14 Nefrologia

description: PREMESSA: Le linee guida raccomandano la fistola AV radio-cefalica autogena (RCAVF)come prima scelta per l'emodialisi. Preoccupazione è stata sollevata che questo potrebbe non essere appropriato nei pazienti anziani.
METODO: Noi abbiamo seguito in modo prospettico 126 pazienti per tre anni. Dopo sistematica valutazione clinica ed ecografica, la RCAVF è stata creata utilizzando un microscopio operatore. La pervietà è stata valutata subito, a 1 settimana, a 1 mese e a 1 anno. I risultati sono stati registrati e stratificati in 2 gruppi: <70a e > 70a.
RISULTATI: La RCAVF è stata creata nel 75% dei <70a e nel 70% dei >70a. L'incidenza di insuccesso immediato è stata 11% (<70a) e 13% (>70a). La pervietà primaria e secondaria ad 1 anno  è stata 67% e 84% (<70a), 63% e 80% (>70a). CONCLUSIONI: La microchirurgia ha permesso la creazione di RCVAF in >70a con un rischio accettabile di fallimento e lievi differenze rispetto a <70a. L'età non deve precludere una creazione di RCAVF.
description: BACKGROUNDS: Guidelines recommend autogenous radial-cephalic AV fistula (RCAVF) as the first-choice for haemodialysis. Concern has been raised that this may not be appropriate in the elderly. We evaluated the results of microsurgery for RCAVF creation in elderly patients.
METHODS: We prospectively followed 126 patients during three years. After systematic clinical and ultrasound evaluation, a RCAVF was created using a surgical microscope. Patency was assessed immediately, at 1 week, 1 month and 1 year. The outcomes were recorded and stratified into 2 groups: <70y and >70y.
RESULTS: RCAVF was created in 75% of <70y and 70% of >70y. Incidence of early failure was 11% (<70y) and 13% (>70y). Primary and secondary patency at 1 year was 67% and 84% (<70y), 63% and  80 %(>70y) . 
CONCLUSIONS: Microsurgery allowed the creation of RCAVF in >70y with acceptable risk of failure and slight differences by comparison with <70y. Older age should not preclude an RCAVF creation.
Thermo-charged capacitors and the Second Law of Thermodynamics
Creators: name: D'Abramo, Germano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this Letter we describe a vacuum spherical capacitor that generates a macroscopic voltage between its spheres harnessing the heat from a single thermal reservoir at room temperature. The basic idea is trivial and it makes use of two concentric spherical electrodes with different work functions. We provide a mathematical analysis of the underlying physical process and discuss its connections with the Second Law of Thermodynamics.
description: 13 pages, 3 figures. Few minor typos fixed. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:0902.3590
Additional file 3 of Age- and sex-specific reference values of biventricular strain and strain rate derived from a large cohort of healthy Chinese adults: a cardiovascular magnetic resonance feature tracking study
Creators: name: Li, Gengxiao
name: Zhang, Zhen
name: Gao, Yiyuan
name: Zhu, Chengcheng
name: Zhou, Shanshan
name: Cao, Lizhen
name: Zhao, Zhiwei
name: Zhao, Jun
name: Ordovas, Karen
name: Lou, Mingwu
name: Li, Kuncheng
name: Pohost, Gerald M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Additional file 3: Table S1. Normal values of biventricular global strain for men and women measured by Medis. Table S2. Biventricular strain by age decades for men measured by Medis (n = 50). Table S3. Biventricular strain by age decades for women measured by Medis (n = 50). Table S4. Comparison of left ventricular global strain measured by cvi42 and Medis (n = 100). Table S5. Comparison of biventricular strain based on the two MRI scanners (n = 20). Table S6. Reproducibility of manual and automatic contouring methods of LV and RV global strain assessed by cvi42 (n = 60). Table S7. Intra- and interobserver reproducibility of LV global strain and RVFW stain parameters assessed by Medis (n = 60). Table S8. Reproducibility of biventricular strain metrics by the two MRI scanners (n = 20).
Collision of nanoparticles of covalently bound atoms. Impact of stress-dependent adhesion
Creators: name: Tsukanov, Alexey A.
name: Brilliantov, Nikolai V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The impact of nanoparticles (NPs) comprised of atoms with covalent bonding is investigated numerically and theoretically. We use recent models of covalent bonding of carbon atoms and elaborate a numerical model of amorphous carbon (a-C) NPs, which may be applied for modelling soot particles. We compute the elastic moduli of the a-C material which agree well with the available data. We reveal an interesting novel phenomenon - stress dependent adhesion, which refers to stress-enhanced formation of covalent bonds between contacting surfaces. We observe that the effective adhesion coefficient linearly depends on the maximal stress between the surfaces and explain this dependence. We compute the normal restitution coefficient for colliding NPs and explore the dependence of the critical velocity, demarcating bouncing and aggregative collisions, on the NP radius. Using the obtained elastic and stress-dependent adhesive coefficients we develop a theory for the critical velocity. The predictions of the theory agree very well with the simulation results.
description: 12 pages, 11 figures
Therapeutic strategies for modulation of the vaginal microbiota
Creators: name: Cruciani, Federica <1983>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2012
Subjects: CHIM/11 Chimica e biotecnologia delle fermentazioni

description: The vaginal microbiota of healthy women consists of a wide variety of anaerobic and aerobic bacteria, dominated by the genus Lactobacillus. The activity of lactobacilli is essential to protect women from genital infections and to maintain the natural healthy balance of the vaginal ecosystem. This role is particularly important during pregnancy because vaginal infection is one of the most important mechanisms for preterm birth. The most common vaginal disorder is bacterial vaginosis (BV). BV is a polymicrobial disorder, characterized by a depletion of lactobacilli and an increase in the concentration of other bacteria, including Gardnerella vaginalis, anaerobic Gram-negative rods, anaerobic Gram-positive cocci, Mycoplasma hominis, and Mobiluncus spp. An integrated molecular approach based on real-time PCR and PCR-DGGE was used to investigate the effects of two different therapeutic approaches on the vaginal microbiota composition. (i) The impact of a dietary supplementation with the probiotic VSL#3, a mixture of Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium and Streptococcus strains, on the vaginal microbial ecology and immunological profiles of healthy women during late pregnancy was investigated. The intake was associated to a slight modulation of the vaginal microbiota and cytokine secretion, with potential implications in preventing preterm birth. (ii) The efficacy of different doses of the antibiotic rifaximin (100 mg/day for 5 days, 25 mg/day for 5 days, 100 mg/day for 2 days) on the vaginal microbiota of patients with BV enrolled in a multicentre, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled study was also evaluated. The molecular analyses demonstrated the ability of rifaximin 25 mg/day for 5 days to induce an increase of lactobacilli and a decrease of the BV-associated bacteria after antibiotic treatment, and a reduction of the complexity of the vaginal microbial communities. Thus, confirming clinical results, it represents the most effective treatment to be used in future pivotal studies for the treatment of BV.
Phase transition and information cascade in a voting model
Creators: name: Hisakado, Masato
name: Mori, Shintaro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a voting model that is similar to a Keynesian beauty contest and analyze it from a mathematical point of view. There are two types of voters-copycat and independent-and two candidates. Our voting model is a binomial distribution (independent voters) doped in a beta binomial distribution (copycat voters). We find that the phase transition in this system is at the upper limit of $t$, where $t$ is the time (or the number of the votes). Our model contains three phases. If copycats constitute a majority or even half of the total voters, the voting rate converges more slowly than it would in a binomial distribution. If independents constitute the majority of voters, the voting rate converges at the same rate as it would in a binomial distribution. We also study why it is difficult to estimate the conclusion of a Keynesian beauty contest when there is an information cascade.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures