cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Meta-Analysis of Associations Between Interleukin-10 Polymorphisms and Susceptibility to Vasculitis
Creators: name: Jung, Jae Hyun
name: Lee, Young Ho
name: Gwan Gyu Song
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Science Policy
subject: Cancer
subject: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Medicine

description: Objective: This study determined whether interleukin-10 (IL-10) polymorphisms are associated with susceptibility to vasculitis.Methods: A meta-analysis was conducted of the associations between the IL-10 -1082 G/A, -819 C/T, and -592 C/A polymorphisms and the haplotype of the IL-10-1082 G/A, -819 C/T, -592 C/A polymorphisms and vasculitis.Results: A total of 21 comparative studies involving 4121 patients and 5504 controls were considered in the meta-analysis. Meta-analysis revealed no association between the IL-10-1082 G allele and vasculitis in all study subjects (OR = 0.927, 95% CI = 0.780–1.102, p = 0.389). However, disease-specific meta-analysis showed an association between Wegener’s granulomatosis (WG) and the IL-10-1082 G allele (OR = 0.729, 95% CI = 0.547–0.971, p = 0.031). Meta-analysis revealed an association between vasculitis and the IL-10-819 C allele (OR = 0.804, 95% CI = 0.706–0.916, p = 0.001) in all study subjects and Behcet’s disease (BD) (OR = 0.724, 95% CI = 0.679–0.781, p −9). Meta-analysis of the IL-10-592 C allele showed an association with vasculitis in all study subjects (OR = 0.805, 95% CI = 0.619–0.938, p = 0.005) and BD (OR = 0.718, 95% CI = 0.661–0.781, p −9). Meta-analysis of the IL-10 haplotype revealed an association between the GCC haplotype and vasculitis in Europeans (OR = 1.239, 95% CI = 1.105–1.513, p = 0.035).Conclusions: This meta-analysis showed that IL-10 polymorphisms are associated with vasculitis susceptibility, especially in WG and BD.
Discovering neutron stars with LISA via measurements of orbital eccentricity in Galactic binaries
Creators: name: Moore, Christopher J.
name: Finch, Eliot
name: Klein, Antoine
name: Korol, Valeriya
name: Pham, Nhat
name: Robins, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: LISA will detect $\sim \! 10^4$ Galactic binaries, the majority being double white dwarfs. However, approximately $\sim \! 1 \textrm{--} 5 \%$ of these systems will contain neutron stars which, if they can be correctly identified, will provide new opportunities for studying binary evolution pathways involving mass reversal and supernovae as well as being promising targets for multi-messenger observations. Eccentricity, expected from neutron star natal kicks, will be a key identifying signature for binaries containing a neutron star. Eccentric binaries radiate at widely-spaced frequency harmonics that must first be identified as originating from a single source and then analysed coherently. A multi-harmonic heterodyning approach for this type of data analysis is used to perform Bayesian parameter estimation on a range of simulated eccentric LISA signals. This is used to: (i) investigate LISA's ability to measure orbital eccentricity and to quantify the minimum detectable eccentricity; (ii) demonstrate how eccentricity and periastron precession help to break the mass degeneracy allowing the individual component masses to be inferred, potentially confirming the presence of a neutron star; (iii) investigate the possibility of source misidentification when the individual harmonics of an eccentric binary masquerade as separate circular binaries; and (iv) investigate the possibility of source reclassification, where parameter estimation results of multiple circular analyses are combined in postprocessing to quickly infer the parameters of an eccentric source. The broader implications of this for the ongoing design of the LISA global fit are also discussed.
description: 10 pages + appendices, 9 figures, published in MNRAS
title: City of Lynden Outfall Replacement
titleType: AlternativeTitle
title: Endangered Species Act Section 7(a)(2) Biological Opinion, and Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act Essential Fish Habitat Response for the proposed Wastewater Treatment Plant Outfall Replacement Project in Lynden, Washington (COE Reference No. NWS-2018-27)
Creators: name: United States. National Marine Fisheries Service. West Coast Region
Publisher: name: United States. National Marine Fisheries Service. West Coast Region
Year: 2019

description: WCRO-2018-00111
Tensor product random matrix theory
Creators: name: Altland, Alexander
name: de Miranda, Joaquim Telles
name: Micklitz, Tobias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The evolution of complex correlated quantum systems such as random circuit networks is governed by the dynamical buildup of both entanglement and entropy. We here introduce a real-time field theory approach -- essentially a fusion of the $G Σ$-functional of the SYK-model and the field theory of disordered systems -- enigneered to microscopically describe the full range of such crossover dynamics: from initial product states to a maximum entropy ergodic state. To showcase this approach in the simplest nontrivial setting, we consider a tensor product of coupled random matrices, and compare to exact diagonalization.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures
Design and Performance Test of a Lab-Made Single-Stage Low-Pressure Impactor for Morphology Analysis of Diesel Exhaust Particles
Creators: name: Junho Hyun
name: Nasr, Ali Mohamadi
name: Nak-Kyoung Choi
name: Dongho Park
name: Jungho Hwang
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: Chemistry
Science Policy
Biological Sciences
Earth and Environmental Sciences
Biotechnology
Molecular Biology
Physics
Engineering
Biophysics

description: A serial method is described for estimating the particle effective density and dynamic shape factor of particles, i.e., diesel exhaust particles (DEPs). For this purpose, we designed a single stage low-pressure impactor with a cutoff diameter of 130 nm. The collection efficiency curve of the impactor was obtained using mobility-classified sodium chloride (NaCl) particles as a function of the mobility diameter. Then by converting the mobility diameter of the NaCl particle into the aerodynamic equivalent diameter, the efficiency curve can be expressed as a function of the aerodynamic diameter. We also obtained the efficiency curve numerically by using a commercial computational fluid dynamics software package. After confirming the design and performance of the impactor (experimentally 135 nm and numerically 137 nm of cutoff diameter), we measured the currents carried by mobility-classified DEPs downstream and upstream of the impactor so that the collection efficiency value for DEP could be obtained at each mobility diameter of DEPs. By making this value equal to that of the efficiency curve, the relationship between the mobility diameter of DEPs and the aerodynamic diameter was obtained; this enabled us to determine the effective density and dynamic shape factor of DEPs. The effective density decreased from 1.06 to 0.51 g/cm3 and the dynamic shape factor increased from 1.28 to 1.64 as the particle size increased from 60 to 105 nm, regardless of the engine type or operating conditions.Copyright 2015 American Association for Aerosol Research
Tunable non-Fermi liquid phase from coupling to two-level systems
Creators: name: Bashan, Noga
name: Tulipman, Evyatar
name: Schmalian, Jörg
name: Berg, Erez
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a controlled large-$N$ theory of electrons coupled to dynamical two-level systems (TLSs) via spatially-random interactions. Such a physical situation arises when electrons scatter off low-energy excitations in a metallic glass, such as a charge or stripe glass. Our theory is governed by a non-Gaussian saddle point, which maps to the celebrated spin-boson model. By tuning the coupling strength we find that the model crosses over from a Fermi liquid at weak coupling to an extended region of non-Fermi liquid behavior at strong coupling, and realizes a marginal Fermi liquid at the crossover. Beyond a critical coupling strength, the TLSs freeze and Fermi-liquid behavior is restored. Our results are valid for generic space dimensions $d>1$.
description: 4.5 + 3 pages, 3 figures
Rapid fabrication of glass/PDMS hybrid IMER for high throughput membrane proteomics
Creators: name: Pereira-Medrano, Ana G.
name: Forster, Simon
name: Fowler, Gregory J. S.
name: McArthur, Sally
name: Wright, Phillip C.
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: Mass spectrometry (MS) based proteomics has brought a radical approach to systems biology, offering a platform to study complex biological functions. However, key proteomic technical challenges remain, mainly the inability to characterise the complete proteome of a cell due to the thousands of diverse, complex proteins expressed at an extremely wide concentration range. Currently, high throughput and efficient techniques to unambiguously identify and quantify proteins on a proteome-wide scale are in demand. Miniaturised analytical systems placed upstream of MS help us to attain these goals. One time-consuming step in traditional techniques is the in-solution digestion of proteins (4–20 h). This also has other drawbacks, including enzyme autoproteolysis, low efficiency, and manual operation. Furthermore, the identification of ∝-helical membrane proteins has remained a challenge due to their high hydrophobicity and lack of trypsin cleavage targets in transmembrane helices. We demonstrate a new rapidly produced glass/PDMS micro Immobilised Enzyme Reactor (μIMER) with enzymes covalently immobilised onto polyacrylic acid plasma-modified surfaces for the purpose of rapidly (as low as 30 s) generating peptides suitable for MS analysis. This μIMER also allows, for the first time, rapid digestion of insoluble proteins. Membrane protein identification through this method was achieved after just 4 min digestion time, up to 9-fold faster than either dual-stage in-solution digestion approaches or other commonly used bacterial membrane proteomic workflows.
Glycine-functionalized Fe3O4@TiO2:Er3+,Yb3+ nanocarrier for microwave-triggered controllable drug release and study on mechanism of loading/release process using microcalorimetry
Creators: name: Cui, Bin
name: Weiwei Zhao
name: Yaoyu Wang
name: Hongxia Peng
name: Yingsai Wang
name: Zhuguo Chang
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: Chemistry
Biotechnology
Pharmacology
Cell Biology
Physics
Engineering
Biochemistry
Biophysics

description: Objectives: The current study aimed at developing microwave-triggered controlled-release drug delivery systems using glycine-modified Fe3O4@TiO2:Er3+,Yb3+ multifunctional core-shell nanoparticles. We also studied the drug loading and release mechanisms by means of microcalorimetry.Methods: We used hydrothermal method to prepare glycine-functionalized Fe3O4@TiO2:Er3+,Yb3+ multifunctional nanoparticles. The controlled release of the Fe3O4@TiO2:Er3+,Yb3+–glycine–VP16 triggered by microwave was determined with ultraviolet-visible spectroscopic analysis. We studied the cytotoxicity of the nanocarrier by MTT assay.Results: The thermodynamic parameter values (ΔH = -17.46 kJ mol−1, ΔS = −365.20 kJ mol−1) showed that the main interaction between the carrier and drug molecules is hydrogen bonding. The molar enthalpy (ΔH) of the drug-release process was 72.01 kJ mol−1, which indicates an endothermic process. This suggests that drug release can be controlled by microwave heating. The release profile can be controlled by the duration and number of cycles of microwave application. The particles also exhibit good magnetization and upconversion luminescence properties, which will allow simultaneous targeting and monitoring of the loaded drug.Conclusion: The modification of glycine and the introduction of absorbing material not only increased the load properties of the composite materials but also realized the microwave-stimulated anticancer drug controlled release.
Hubble Space Telescope photometry of globular clusters in the Sombrero galaxy
Creators: name: Larsen, Søren S.
name: Forbes, Duncan
name: Brodie, Jean
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: A large number of early-type galaxies are now known to possess blue and red subpopulations of globular clusters. We have compiled a data base of 28 such galaxies exhibiting bimodal globular cluster colour distributions. After converting to a common V–I colour system, we investigate correlations between the mean colour of the blue and red subpopulations with galaxy velocity dispersion. We support previous claims that the mean colours of the blue globular clusters are unrelated to their host galaxy. They must have formed rather independently of the galaxy potential they now inhabit. The mean blue colour is similar to that for halo globular clusters in our Galaxy and M31. The red globular clusters, on the other hand, reveal a strong correlation with galaxy velocity dispersion. Furthermore, in well-studied galaxies the red subpopulation has similar, and possibly identical, colours to the galaxy halo stars. Our results indicate an intimate link between the red globular clusters and the host galaxy; they share a common formation history. A natural explanation for these trends would be the formation of the red globular clusters during galaxy collapse.
Evading Community Detection via Counterfactual Neighborhood Search
Creators: name: Bernini, Andrea
name: Silvestri, Fabrizio
name: Tolomei, Gabriele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Community detection techniques are useful for social media platforms to discover tightly connected groups of users who share common interests. However, this functionality often comes at the expense of potentially exposing individuals to privacy breaches by inadvertently revealing their tastes or preferences. Therefore, some users may wish to preserve their anonymity and opt out of community detection for various reasons, such as affiliation with political or religious organizations, without leaving the platform. In this study, we address the challenge of community membership hiding, which involves strategically altering the structural properties of a network graph to prevent one or more nodes from being identified by a given community detection algorithm. We tackle this problem by formulating it as a constrained counterfactual graph objective, and we solve it via deep reinforcement learning. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our method outperforms existing baselines, striking the best balance between accuracy and cost.
Design and Performance Test of a Lab-Made Single-Stage Low-Pressure Impactor for Morphology Analysis of Diesel Exhaust Particles
Creators: name: Junho Hyun
name: Nasr, Ali Mohamadi
name: Nak-Kyoung Choi
name: Dongho Park
name: Jungho Hwang
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: Chemistry
Science Policy
Biological Sciences
Earth and Environmental Sciences
Biotechnology
Molecular Biology
Physics
Engineering
Biophysics

description: A serial method is described for estimating the particle effective density and dynamic shape factor of particles i.e., diesel exhaust particles (DEPs). For this purpose, we designed a single stage low-pressure impactor with a cutoff diameter of 130 nm. The collection efficiency curve of the impactor was obtained using mobility-classified sodium chloride (NaCl) particles as a function of the mobility diameter. Then by converting the mobility diameter of the NaCl particle into the aerodynamic equivalent diameter, the efficiency curve can be expressed as a function of the aerodynamic diameter. We also obtained the efficiency curve numerically by using a commercial computational fluid dynamics software package. After confirming the design and performance of the impactor (experimentally 135 nm and numerically 137 nm of cutoff diameter), we measured the currents carried by mobility-classified DEPs downstream and upstream of the impactor so that the collection efficiency value for DEP could be obtained at each mobility diameter of DEPs. By making this value equal to that of the efficiency curve, the relationship between the mobility diameter of DEPs and the aerodynamic diameter was obtained; this enabled us to determine the effective density and dynamic shape factor of DEPs. The effective density decreased from 1.06 to 0.51 g/c m3 and the dynamic shape factor increased from 1.28 to 1.64 as the particle size increased from 60 to 105 nm, regardless of the engine type or operating conditions.
Implementing a synthetic magnetic vector potential in a 2D superconducting qubit array
Creators: name: Rosen, Ilan T.
name: Muschinske, Sarah
name: Barrett, Cora N.
name: Chatterjee, Arkya
name: Hays, Max
name: DeMarco, Michael
name: Karamlou, Amir
name: Rower, David
name: Das, Rabindra
name: Kim, David K.
name: Niedzielski, Bethany M.
name: Schuldt, Meghan
name: Serniak, Kyle
name: Schwartz, Mollie E.
name: Yoder, Jonilyn L.
name: Grover, Jeffrey A.
name: Oliver, William D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Superconducting quantum processors are a compelling platform for analog quantum simulation due to the precision control, fast operation, and site-resolved readout inherent to the hardware. Arrays of coupled superconducting qubits natively emulate the dynamics of interacting particles according to the Bose-Hubbard model. However, many interesting condensed-matter phenomena emerge only in the presence of electromagnetic fields. Here, we emulate the dynamics of charged particles in an electromagnetic field using a superconducting quantum simulator. We realize a broadly adjustable synthetic magnetic vector potential by applying continuous modulation tones to all qubits. We verify that the synthetic vector potential obeys requisite properties of electromagnetism: a spatially-varying vector potential breaks time-reversal symmetry and generates a gauge-invariant synthetic magnetic field, and a temporally-varying vector potential produces a synthetic electric field. We demonstrate that the Hall effect--the transverse deflection of a charged particle propagating in an electromagnetic field--exists in the presence of the synthetic electromagnetic field.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures, and Supplementary Information
Circadian activity rhythms during the last days of Nothobranchius rachovii’s life: A descriptive model of circadian system breakdown
Creators: name: Madrid, Juan Antonio
name: Lucas-Sánchez, Alejandro
name: Martínez-Nicolás, Antonio
name: Almaida-Pagán, Pedro Francisco
name: Mendiola, Pilar
name: Costa, Jorge De
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Science Policy
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Genetics

description: Several studies have been performed to identify age-related changes in the circadian system (CS) but the impairment of the CS and its chronodisruption at the end of an organism life have not been studied in depth. Aging commonly affects the input pathways into the biological clock or restraints their processing, therefore simplifying the system output, the overt rhythms. The purpose of this work was to do a complete characterization of changes that occurs in the CS in the last stage of a vertebrate organism life and to develop tools able to detect in which moment of the last days of life is the animal, using an overt rhythm, the rest-activity rhythm (RAR). For that, a fish species proposed as model for aging studies, Nothobranchius rachovii, has been used. A progressive and sequential CS breakdown has been described for the last 22 d of life of N. rachovii (∼7% of total life), suffering a general RAR impairment mainly reflected by changes in phase regularity, complexity, amplitude and the ability to stay synchronized to the LD cycle. Also, an equation of days remaining of life, based on the RAR description, has been calculated and proposed as a tool to identify close-to-death individuals which could be subjected to an adequate restoring treatment to enhance the CS function and improve their well-being.
Arrows of time in bouncing cosmologies
Creators: name: de Cesare, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Different approaches to quantum gravity, such as loop quantum cosmology and group field theory, predict the resolution of the initial cosmological singularity via a bounce: a regular spacetime region that connects the expanding branch of the universe to a contracting branch. The cosmological arrow of time, which by definition points in the direction of cosmic expansion, is reversed at the bounce. Nonetheless, it is still possible to discriminate between the two branches by considering different arrows, as defined for instance by the growth of perturbations. After reviewing general aspects of the time arrow problem in cosmology, we examine the properties of different arrows of time in bouncing cosmologies, focusing on the loop quantum cosmology bounce as a case study. These issues are examined in detail for an exact solution to the effective Friedmann equations of loop quantum cosmology with pressureless dust and a cosmological constant, which is a simplified version of the $Λ$CDM bounce scenario.
description: 11 pages; invited contribution to the volume "Time and Timelessness in Fundamental Physics and Cosmology" (eds. S. De Bianchi, M. Forgione and L. Marongiu), published by Springer; v2: added references, matches published version
Graph Reconstruction from Noisy Random Subgraphs
Creators: name: McGregor, Andrew
name: Sengupta, Rik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We consider the problem of reconstructing an undirected graph $G$ on $n$ vertices given multiple random noisy subgraphs or "traces". Specifically, a trace is generated by sampling each vertex with probability $p_v$, then taking the resulting induced subgraph on the sampled vertices, and then adding noise in the form of either (a) deleting each edge in the subgraph with probability $1-p_e$, or (b) deleting each edge with probability $f_e$ and transforming a non-edge into an edge with probability $f_e$. We show that, under mild assumptions on $p_v$, $p_e$ and $f_e$, if $G$ is selected uniformly at random, then $O(p_e^{-1} p_v^{-2} \log n)$ or $O((f_e-1/2)^{-2} p_v^{-2} \log n)$ traces suffice to reconstruct $G$ with high probability. In contrast, if $G$ is arbitrary, then $\exp(Ω(n))$ traces are necessary even when $p_v=1, p_e=1/2$.
description: 6 pages, to appear in ISIT 2024
Universality and two-body losses: lessons from the effective non-Hermitian dynamics of two particles
Creators: name: Marché, Alice
name: Yoshida, Hironobu
name: Nardin, Alberto
name: Katsura, Hosho
name: Mazza, Leonardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the late-time dynamics of two particles confined in one spatial dimension and subject to two-body losses. The dynamics is exactly described by a non-Hermitian Hamiltonian that can be analytically studied both in the continuum and on a lattice. The asymptotic decay rate and the universal power-law form of the decay of the number of particles are exactly computed in the whole parameter space of the problem. When in the initial state the two particles are far apart, the average number of particles in the setup decays with time $t$ as $t^{-1/2}$; a different power law, $t^{-3/2}$, is found when the two particles overlap in the initial state. These results are valid both in the continuum and on a lattice, but in the latter case a logarithmic correction appears.
description: 23 pages, 18 figures
High rates of substitution of the native catfish Clarias batrachus by Clarias gariepinus in India
Creators: name: Haymer, David
name: Khedkar, Gulab D.
name: Tiknaik, Anita D.
name: Rushidkumar N. Shinde
name: Amol D. Kalyankar
name: Tetsuzan Benny Ron
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Science Policy
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Cell Biology

description: The clariid catfish, Clarias batrachus commonly known as Magur, has declined drastically from natural habitats in India during the last decade. This fish is highly preferred fish by Indian consumers and has high market demand. As a result traders often substitute C. batrachus with a morphologically similar but supposedly banned exotic catfish, C. gariepinus, in India. This study uses rigorous morphological comparisons confirmed by DNA barcode analysis to examine the level of substitution of C. batracus by C. gariepinus in India. Our results indicate that up to 99% (in many cases) of the market samples sold as Magur or C. batrachus were in fact C. gariepinus.
Magnetization dynamics driven by displacement currents across a magnetic tunnel junction
Creators: name: Safeer, C. K.
name: Keatley, Paul S.
name: Skowroński, Witold
name: Mojsiejuk, Jakub
name: Yakushiji, Kay
name: Fukushima, Akio
name: Yuasa, Shinji
name: Bedau, Daniel
name: Casanova, Fèlix
name: Hueso, Luis E.
name: Hicken, Robert J.
name: Pinna, Daniele
name: van der Laan, Gerrit
name: Hesjedal, Thorsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Understanding the high-frequency transport characteristics of magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) is crucial for the development of fast-operating spintronics memories and radio frequency devices. Here, we present the study of frequency-dependent capacitive current effect in CoFeB/MgO-based MTJs and its influence on magnetization dynamics using time-resolved magneto-optical Kerr effect technique. In our device operating at gigahertz frequencies, we find a large displacement current of the order of mA's, which does not break the tunnel barrier of the MTJ. Importantly, this current generates an Oersted field and spin-orbit torque, inducing magnetization dynamics. Our discovery holds promise for building robust MTJ devices operating under high current conditions, also highlighting the significance of capacitive impedance in high frequency magnetotransport techniques.
title: Bulkhead Repair (NWS-2018-507, MacLeod) E File FURLOUGH
titleType: AlternativeTitle
title: Endangered Species Act Section 7(a)(2) Biological Opinion, and Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act Essential Fish Habitat Response for the proposed Macleod Bulkhead Repair Project in Seattle, Washington (COE Reference No. NWS-2018-507).
Creators: name: United States. National Marine Fisheries Service. West Coast Region
Publisher: name: United States. National Marine Fisheries Service. West Coast Region
Year: 2019

description: WCRO-2018-00070
Stimulation of PAR-1 or PAR-4 promotes similar pattern of VEGF and endostatin release and pro-angiogenic responses mediated by human platelets
Creators: name: J. Etulain
name: H. A. Mena
name: S. Negrotto
name: M. Schattner
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Physiology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Medicine
subject: Biochemistry

description: Background: Platelets mediate angiogenesis through the secretion of several factors, including the pro-angiogenic vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and the anti-angiogenic endostatin. Although previous findings indicated that these molecules are packed into different alpha-granules and selectively released by specific stimulation of protease-activated receptor (PAR)-1 or PAR-4, recent evidences are against this hypothesis. Objectives: To elucidate the controversies about the VEGF and endostatin release and the overall angiogenic effect of PARs-stimulated platelets. Methods: VEGF and endostatin were quantified by enzyme linked-immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Endothelial proliferation (pNPP assay), wound healing (scratch assay) and tubule formation (matrigel) of human microvascular endothelial cells (HMEC-1) and endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) were determined using supernatants from PAR-1- or PAR-4-stimulated platelets. Results: Activation of washed platelets (WPs) by PAR-1- or PAR-4-activating peptide (AP) promoted the VEGF and endostatin secretion in a concentration-dependent manner, being PAR-1-AP more potent than PAR-4-AP. The release of both molecules was abrogated by pre-incubation of platelets with PAR antagonists. Activation of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) with either PAR-1-AP or PAR-4-AP induced a significant VEGF secretion. Quantification of platelet-endostatin secretion was not possible in PRP due to the high levels of plasmatic endostatin vs. platelet content. Releasates from PAR-1- or PAR-4-activated WPs promoted similar pattern of angiogenic responses of HMEC-1 or EPC. Moreover, proliferation of HMEC-1 mediated by PAR-stimulated PRP releasates was delayed and significantly lower compared with that induced by PAR-stimulated WPs. Conclusions: Our results are in contrast with the previously described differential release of VEGF and endostatin induced by the selective PAR-1 or PAR-4 stimulation, and support the notion that while circulating endostatin accounts for the maintenance of a systemic anti-angiogenic state, locally, the release of platelet alpha-granule content promotes angiogenesis.
Localized photocatalysis by Au-titania plasmonics
Creators: name: Rosa, Lorenzo
name: Juodkazis, Saulius
name: Kowalska, Ewa
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: We investigate numerically the properties of a novel bio-compatible titania (TiO2) substrate functionalized by deposition of gold and titania nanoparticles, achieving high photocatalytic activity for biological applications.
CiMLoop: A Flexible, Accurate, and Fast Compute-In-Memory Modeling Tool
Creators: name: Andrulis, Tanner
name: Emer, Joel S.
name: Sze, Vivienne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Hardware Architecture (cs.AR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Compute-In-Memory (CiM) is a promising solution to accelerate Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) as it can avoid energy-intensive DNN weight movement and use memory arrays to perform low-energy, high-density computations. These benefits have inspired research across the CiM stack, but CiM research often focuses on only one level of the stack (i.e., devices, circuits, architecture, workload, or mapping) or only one design point (e.g., one fabricated chip). There is a need for a full-stack modeling tool to evaluate design decisions in the context of full systems (e.g., see how a circuit impacts system energy) and to perform rapid early-stage exploration of the CiM co-design space. To address this need, we propose CiMLoop: an open-source tool to model diverse CiM systems and explore decisions across the CiM stack. CiMLoop introduces (1) a flexible specification that lets users describe, model, and map workloads to both circuits and architecture, (2) an accurate energy model that captures the interaction between DNN operand values, hardware data representations, and analog/digital values propagated by circuits, and (3) a fast statistical model that can explore the design space orders-of-magnitude more quickly than other high-accuracy models. Using CiMLoop, researchers can evaluate design choices at different levels of the CiM stack, co-design across all levels, fairly compare different implementations, and rapidly explore the design space.
description: Available at https://github.com/mit-emze/cimloop. Published in ISPASS 2024
Diamond-lattice photonic crystals assembled from DNA origami
Creators: name: Posnjak, Gregor
name: Yin, Xin
name: Butler, Paul
name: Bienek, Oliver
name: Dass, Mihir
name: Sharp, Ian D.
name: Liedl, Tim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Colloidal self-assembly allows rational design of structures on the micrometer and submicrometer scale. One architecture that can generate complete 3D photonic band gaps is the diamond cubic lattice, which has remained difficult to realize at length scales comparable to the wavelength of visible or ultraviolet light. Here, we demonstrate three-dimensional photonic crystals self-assembled from DNA origami that act as precisely programmable patchy colloids. Our DNA-based nanoscale tetrapods crystallize into a rod-connected diamond cubic lattice with a periodicity of 170 nm. This structure serves as a scaffold for atomic layer deposition of high refractive index materials such as TiO$_2$, yielding a tunable photonic band gap in the near-ultraviolet.
Defective autophagy in vascular smooth muscle cells accelerates senescence and promotes neointima formation and atherogenesis
Creators: name: Grootaert, Mandy OJ
name: Martins, Paula A Da Costa
name: Bitsch, Nicole
name: Pintelon, Isabel
name: Meyer, Guido RY De
name: Martinet, Wim
name: Schrijvers, Dorien M
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology

description: Autophagy is triggered in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) of diseased arterial vessels. However, the role of VSMC autophagy in cardiovascular disease is poorly understood. Therefore, we investigated the effect of defective autophagy on VSMC survival and phenotype and its significance in the development of postinjury neointima formation and atherosclerosis. Tissue-specific deletion of the essential autophagy gene Atg7 in murine VSMCs (atg7−/− VSMCs) caused accumulation of SQSTM1/p62 and accelerated the development of stress-induced premature senescence as shown by cellular and nuclear hypertrophy, CDKN2A-RB-mediated G1 proliferative arrest and senescence-associated GLB1 activity. Transfection of SQSTM1-encoding plasmid DNA in Atg7+/+ VSMCs induced similar features, suggesting that accumulation of SQSTM1 promotes VSMC senescence. Interestingly, atg7−/− VSMCs were resistant to oxidative stress-induced cell death as compared to controls. This effect was attributed to nuclear translocation of the transcription factor NFE2L2 resulting in upregulation of several antioxidative enzymes. In vivo, defective VSMC autophagy led to upregulation of MMP9, TGFB and CXCL12 and promoted postinjury neointima formation and diet-induced atherogenesis. Lesions of VSMC-specific atg7 knockout mice were characterized by increased total collagen deposition, nuclear hypertrophy, CDKN2A upregulation, RB hypophosphorylation, and GLB1 activity, all features typical of cellular senescence. To conclude, autophagy is crucial for VSMC function, phenotype, and survival. Defective autophagy in VSMCs accelerates senescence and promotes ligation-induced neointima formation and diet-induced atherogenesis, implying that autophagy inhibition as therapeutic strategy in the treatment of neointimal stenosis and atherosclerosis would be unfavorable. Conversely, stimulation of autophagy could be a valuable new strategy in the treatment of arterial disease.
Architecture-Level Modeling of Photonic Deep Neural Network Accelerators
Creators: name: Andrulis, Tanner
name: Chaudhry, Gohar Irfan
name: Suriyakumar, Vinith M.
name: Emer, Joel S.
name: Sze, Vivienne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Emerging Technologies (cs.ET)
subject: Hardware Architecture (cs.AR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Photonics is a promising technology to accelerate Deep Neural Networks as it can use optical interconnects to reduce data movement energy and it enables low-energy, high-throughput optical-analog computations. To realize these benefits in a full system (accelerator + DRAM), designers must ensure that the benefits of using the electrical, optical, analog, and digital domains exceed the costs of converting data between domains. Designers must also consider system-level energy costs such as data fetch from DRAM. Converting data and accessing DRAM can consume significant energy, so to evaluate and explore the photonic system space, there is a need for a tool that can model these full-system considerations. In this work, we show that similarities between Compute-in-Memory (CiM) and photonics let us use CiM system modeling tools to accurately model photonics systems. Bringing modeling tools to photonics enables evaluation of photonic research in a full-system context, rapid design space exploration, co-design, and comparison between systems. Using our open-source model, we show that cross-domain conversion and DRAM can consume a significant portion of photonic system energy. We then demonstrate optimizations that reduce conversions and DRAM accesses to improve photonic system energy efficiency by up to 3x.
description: Published at ISPASS 2024
Efficient Normalization of Linear Temporal Logic
Creators: name: Esparza, Javier
name: Rubio, Rubén
name: Sickert, Salomon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.4.1

description: In the mid 80s, Lichtenstein, Pnueli, and Zuck proved a classical theorem stating that every formula of Past LTL (the extension of LTL with past operators) is equivalent to a formula of the form $\bigwedge_{i=1}^n \mathbf{G}\mathbf{F}\, φ_i \vee \mathbf{F}\mathbf{G}\, ψ_i $, where $φ_i$ and $ψ_i$ contain only past operators. Some years later, Chang, Manna, and Pnueli built on this result to derive a similar normal form for LTL. Both normalization procedures have a non-elementary worst-case blow-up, and follow an involved path from formulas to counter-free automata to star-free regular expressions and back to formulas. We improve on both points. We present direct and purely syntactic normalization procedures for LTL, yielding a normal form very similar to the one by Chang, Manna, and Pnueli, that exhibit only a single exponential blow-up. As an application, we derive a simple algorithm to translate LTL into deterministic Rabin automata. The algorithm normalizes the formula, translates it into a special very weak alternating automaton, and applies a simple determinization procedure, valid only for these special automata.
description: Accepted in J. ACM. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2304.08872, arXiv:2005.00472
Alumina-embedded Au nanowires for SERS sensing
Creators: name: Rosa, Lorenzo
name: Buividas, Richard
name: Juodkazis, Saulius
name: Kondo, Toshiaki
name: Masuda, Hideki
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: We propose a novel substrate for SERS bio-sensing composed of an hexagonal array of gold nanorods embedded in an anodically-oxidized alumina substrate, reaching a surface field enhancement up to 220 times.
Cold gas and star formation in a merging galaxy sequence
Creators: name: Georgakakis, Antonis
name: Forbes, Duncan
name: Norris, Ray P.
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: We explore the evolution of the cold gas (molecular and neutral hydrogen) and star formation activity during galaxy interactions, using a merging galaxy sequence comprising both pre- and post-merger candidates. Data for this study come from the literature, but are supplemented by some new radio observations presented here. First, we confirm that the ratio of far-infrared luminosity to molecular hydrogen mass (LFIRM(H2); star formation efficiency) increases close to nuclear coalescence. After the merging of the two nuclei there is evidence that the star formation efficiency declines again to values typical of ellipticals. This trend can be attributed to M(H2) depletion arising from interaction induced star formation. However, there is significant scatter, likely to arise from differences in the interaction details (e.g., disc-to-bulge ratio, geometry) of individual systems. Secondly, we find that the central molecular hydrogen surface density, SigmaH2, increases close to the final stages of the merging of the two nuclei. Such a trend, indicating gas inflows caused by gravitational instabilities during the interaction, is also predicted by numerical simulations. Furthermore, there is evidence for a decreasing fraction of cold gas mass from early interacting systems to merger remnants, attributed to neutral hydrogen conversion into other forms (e.g., stars, hot gas) and molecular hydrogen depletion resulting from ongoing star formation. The evolution of the total-radio to blue-band luminosity ratio, reflecting the total (disc and nucleus) star formation activity, is also investigated. Although this ratio is on average higher than that for isolated spirals, we find a marginal increase along the merging sequence, attributed to the relative insensitivity of disc star formation to interactions. However, a similar result is also obtained for the nuclear radio emission, although galaxy interactions are believed to significantly affect the activity (star formation, AGN) in the central galaxy regions. Nevertheless, the nuclear-radio to blue-band luminosity ratio is significantly elevated compared with that for isolated spirals. Finally, we find that the FIR-radio flux ratio distribution of interacting galaxies is consistent with star formation being the main energizing source.
title: Gedanken zur Ontologie
Creators: name: Zahn, Peter
Publisher: name: UNSPECIFIED
Year: 2020

description: Die vorliegende Schrift ist vor mehreren Jahren aus sehr kontroversen Diskussionen im Darmstädter Ontologenkreis entstanden. In ihr wird versucht, die Transzendenz-Ontologie Günther Jacobys aus der Sicht des methodischen Konstruktivismus, der von Wilhelm Kamlah, Paul Lorenzen und vielen seiner Schüler erarbeitet worden ist, zu beleuchten. Wir beschäftigen uns mit folgenden Themen: Wahrnehmungen im ontologischen Bezirk unseres Bewusstseins versus Gegenstände in dessen gnoseologischem Bereich. Existieren zusammengesetzte Gegenstände wie Sternbilder und Wolken? Wie kann man das Wort "Existenz" verstehen? Fiktionen und Illusionen. Vier Arten von Existenzaussagen. Zeichen und ihre Verwendung. Vermitteln sinnliche Wahrnehmungen Abbilder? Eine spezielle Art von Abstraktion. Eine Interpretation der Willensfreiheit. Sinnliche Empfindungen. Für und wider den Nominalismus. Physisches und Seelisches. Versuch einer groben Einteilung aller realen Gegenstände. Fiktionale Rede in Literatur und Mathematik. Wie kann man die Reden von notwendigen und von möglichen Gegenständen verstehen? Kausalität. Die Raumzeit als Substanz und Materie als deren Zustand.
Defective autophagy in vascular smooth muscle cells accelerates senescence and promotes neointima formation and atherogenesis
Creators: name: Bitsch, Nicole
name: Pintelon, Isabel
name: Martinet, Wim
name: Grootaert, Mandy O J
name: Martins, Paula A Da Costa
name: Meyer, Guido R Y De
name: Schrijvers, Dorien M
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cancer
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Meta Science
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Medicine
subject: Biochemistry

description: SummaryAutophagy is triggered in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) of diseased arterial vessels. However, the role of VSMC autophagy in cardiovascular disease is poorly understood. Therefore, we investigated the effect of defective autophagy on VSMC survival and phenotype and its significance in the development of postinjury neointima formation and atherosclerosis. Tissue-specific deletion of the essential autophagy gene Atg7 in murine VSMCs (atg7−/− VSMCs) caused accumulation of SQSTM1/p62 and accelerated the development of stress-induced premature senescence as shown by cellular and nuclear hypertrophy, CDKN2A-RB-mediated G1 proliferative arrest and senescence-associated GLB1 activity. Transfection of SQSTM1-encoding plasmid DNA in Atg7+/+ VSMCs induced similar features, suggesting that accumulation of SQSTM1 promotes VSMC senescence. Interestingly, atg7−/− VSMCs were resistant to oxidative stress-induced cell death as compared to controls. This effect was attributed to nuclear translocation of the transcription factor NFE2L2 resulting in upregulation of several antioxidative enzymes. In vivo, defective VSMC autophagy led to upregulation of MMP9, TGFB and CXCL12 and promoted postinjury neointima formation and diet-induced atherogenesis. Lesions of VSMC-specific atg7 knockout mice were characterized by increased total collagen deposition, nuclear hypertrophy, CDKN2A upregulation, RB hypophosphorylation and GLB1 activity, all features typical of cellular senescence. To conclude, autophagy is crucial for VSMC function, phenotype and survival. Defective autophagy in VSMCs accelerates senescence and promotes ligation-induced neointima formation and diet-induced atherogenesis, implying that autophagy inhibition as therapeutic strategy in the treatment of neointimal stenosis and atherosclerosis would be unfavorable. Conversely, stimulation of autophagy could be a valuable new strategy in the treatment of arterial disease.
Polarization-sensitive characterization of the propagating plasmonic modes in silver nanowire waveguide on a glass substrate with a scanning near-field optical microscope
Creators: name: Venugopalan, Priyamvada
name: Zhang, Qiming
name: Li, Xiangping
name: Gu, Min
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: In this paper, we report on the experimental investigation of the polarization properties of the plasmonic modes along a silver nanowire waveguide on a glass substrate. Two orthogonal polarization light components at the distal end of the nanowire are observed in the far-field.The near-field mapping with a scanning near-field optical microscopic probe exhibiting an in-plane polarization sensitivity reveals the two polarization components of the propagating plasmonic modes along the nanowire.
title: Upper Willamette hatchery programs
titleType: AlternativeTitle
title: Endangered Species Act (ESA) Section 7(a)(2) Biological Opinion and Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act Essential Fish Habitat (EFH) Consultation Evaluation of Hatchery Programs for Spring Chinook Salmon, Summer Steelhead, and Rainbow Trout in the Upper Willamette River Basin
Creators: name: United States. National Marine Fisheries Service. West Coast Region
Publisher: name: United States. National Marine Fisheries Service. West Coast Region
Year: 2019

description: WCRO-2016-00022