cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
TRADABLE PERMITS FOR CONTROLLING NITRATES IN GROUNDWATER AT THE FARM LEVEL: A CONCEPTUAL MODEL
Creators: name: Morgan, Cynthia L.
name: Coggins, Jay S.
name: Eidman, Vernon R.
name: Morgan, Cynthia L.
name: Coggins, Jay S.
name: Eidman, Vernon R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: agriculture
subject: groundwater pollution
subject: leaching
subject: nitrates
subject: pollution trading

description: Nitrate contamination of municipal and domestic well water supplies is becoming an increasing problem in many rural and urban areas, raising the cost of providing safe drinking water. The objective of this paper is to describe a marketable permit scheme that can effectively manage nitrate pollution of groundwater supplies for communities in rural areas without hindering agricultural production in watersheds. They key to implementing this scheme is being able to link nitrate leaching from nitrogen fertilizer applied to crops at a farm to nitrate levels measured at a drinking water well.
การบริหารความเสี่ยงในองค์กรยุคใหม่ : การเปลี่ยนแปลงด้านเทคโนโลยีดิจิทัล
Creators: name: อรวรรณ เชิงรัมย์
Publisher: name: Faculty of Management Technology Rajamangala University of Technology Isan Surin Campus
Year: 2023
Subjects: การบริหารความเสี่ยง
การเปลี่ยนแปลงด้านเทคโนโลยีดิจิทัล
องค์กรยุคใหม่

description: วารสารวิชาการเทคโนโลยีการจัดการ, 4, 2, 239-250
Mechanics of mineralized collagen fibrils upon transient loads
Creators: name: Milazzo, Mario
name: Jung, Gang Seob
name: Danti, Serena
name: Buehler, Markus J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Collagen is a key structural protein in the human body, which undergoes mineralization during the formation of hard tissues. Earlier studies have described the mechanical behavior of bone at different scales highlighting material features across hierarchical structures. Here we present a study that aims to understand the mechanical properties of mineralized collagen fibrils upon tensile/compressive transient loads, investigating how the kinetic energy propagates and it is dissipated at the molecular scale, thus filling a gap of knowledge in this area. These specific features are the mechanisms that Nature has developed to passively dissipate stress and prevent structural failures. In addition to the mechanical properties of the mineralized fibrils, we observe distinct nanomechanical behaviors for the two regions (i.e., overlap and gap) of the D-period to highlight the effect of the mineralization. We notice decreasing trends for both wave speeds and Young s moduli over input velocity with a marked strengthening effect in the gap region due to the accumulation of the hydroxyapatite. In contrast, the dissipative behavior is not affected by either loading conditions or the mineral percentage, showing a stronger dampening effect upon faster inputs compatible to the bone behavior at the macroscale. Our results improve the understanding of mineralized collagen composites unveiling the energy dissipative behavior of such materials. This impacts, besides the physiology, the design and characterization of new bioinspired composites for replacement devices (e.g., prostheses for sound transmission or conduction) and for optimized structures able to bear transient loads, e.g., impact, fatigue, in structural applications.
Dissection of modularity and spatial organisation in natural and engineered cellular contexts: Systems analysis at the junction of systems and synthetic biology
Creators: name: Menon, Govind
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2018

description: Research in systems and synthetic biology in the past decade has resulted in important advances in understanding as well as engineering cellular systems through the underpinning molecular networks. Furthermore, there is an increasing blurring of boundaries between natural and engineered cellular systems. Dissecting information processing through these molecular networks is a central aspect of this. This brings up a number of systems challenges to be tackled. In this thesis, we focus on the dissection of two features of information processing molecular networks, modularity and spatial organisation. Modularity, a basic and cross-cutting theme in engineering is a key underlying theme for both systems and synthetic biology. It is a basis for both building complex circuits in synthetic biology using bottom up approaches, and for understanding the behaviour of complex molecular networks in terms of their constituent building blocks. Spatial organisation is a hallmark of cellular systems ranging from bacteria to eukaryotes and an ingredient actively exploited in evolution. It is also a vital tool in manipulating and engineering the behaviour of molecular networks through multiple, recently developed tools focussing on compartmentalisation. In the first part of this thesis, we develop a systems engineering framework to understand the behaviour of a module within a network, accounting for different aspects of the module and the ambient network. In spatial organisation, we focus on multiple themes (i) the analysis and evaluation of compartmental models as appropriate descriptions of compartmentalised reacting systems, (ii) developing systems engineering frameworks for engineering spatially organised genetic circuits, (iii) a theoretical and systems framework for elucidating the effect of spatial organisation in molecular networks. Taken together, these studies provide systems tools and approaches for dissecting and engineering vital aspects of the complexity of cellular information processing systems.
Pair Production of Charged Higgs Bosons from Bottom-Quark Fusion
Creators: name: Hong-Sheng, Hou
name: Wen-Gan, Ma
name: Ren-You, Zhang
name: Yi, Jiang
name: Liang, Han
name: Li-Rong, Xing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For very large values of $\tanβ$, charged Higgs boson pair production at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) from the scattering of two bottom quarks can proceed dominantly. We investigated the cross sections of charged Higgs boson pair production via the subprocess $b\bar{b} \to H^+H^-$ at the LHC including the next-to-leading order (NLO) QCD corrections in the minimal supersymmetric standard model (MSSM). We find that the NLO QCD corrections can significantly reduce the dependence of the cross sections on the renormalization and factorization scales.
description: small changes are made
NON-PARAMETRIC AND SEMI-PARAMETRIC TECHNIQUES FOR MODELING AND SIMULATING CORRELATED, NON-NORMAL PRICE AND YIELD DISTRIBUTIONS: APPLICATIONS TO RISK ANALYSIS IN KANSAS AGRICULTURE
Creators: name: Featherstone, Allen M.
name: Kastens, Terry L.
name: Featherstone, Allen M.
name: Kastens, Terry L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: correlated distributions
subject: non-parametric modeling
subject: semi-parametric modeling
subject: Kansas agriculture

description: Parametric, non-parametric, and semi-parametric approaches are commonly used for modeling correlated distributions. Semi-parametric and non-parametric approaches are used to examine the risk situation for Kansas agriculture. Results from the model indicate that 2000 will be another difficult year for Kansas farmers, although crop income will increase slightly from 1999. However, unless another supplemental infusion of government payments occurs, crop income is expected to be the lowest since 1992.
Nonliear wave interactions in realistic sea states
Creators: name: Hadjigeorgiou, Demetris
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2018

description: Large surface water waves present a significant risk to offshore activities and, by extension, to human life and the natural environment. This thesis is concerned with the nonlinear wave interactions in realistic sea states that lead to the formation of extremely large wave crests. In particular, it presents numerical and laboratory investigations which were carried out to determine the physical mechanisms leading to, and the statistical distribution of, wave crests and to assess the limitations of methods commonly used to model them. Previous research has been divided as to whether these waves are formed by the constructive interference of many freely propagating wave components, or by the modulational instability of a narrow-banded wave train. This thesis demonstrates that large wave crests are formed by the former mechanism and further enhanced by the latter. To show this, the Zakharov Equation (ZE) was used to generate long records of realistic sea states and comparisons made against published experimental data. Additionally, numerical simulations using a High-Order Spectral Method (HOSM) presented herein show that the introduction of directional spreading of the energy reduces the probability of extreme waves, but not as rapidly as previously reported. These numerical results provide an independent validation of previously reported experimental measurements. The conclusions of this study are also extended to sea states in finite water depths. With regards to the validity of commonly used irregular wave models, a validity diagram is presented from which the most appropriate theory can be selected, given a set of input parameters. The diagram was calculated using numerically generated idealised wave groups and tested against realistic wave groups from both numerical Monte Carlo simulations and experimental measurements. For the assessment of velocity depth profiles, a new set of experimental data was gathered. By comparing the data to the available models, the Molin (2002) model and a Lagrangian method were found to be the most accurate. As a result of the above studies, the physical mechanisms that lead to the formation of large wave crests have been identified and the most appropriate methods for the modelling of their surface elevation and underlying particle velocities determined.
WILL SOUTHERN AGRICULTURE PLAY A ROLE IN A CARBON MARKET?
Creators: name: Zeuli, Kimberly A.
name: Skees, Jerry R.
name: Zeuli, Kimberly A.
name: Skees, Jerry R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: carbon emission reduction
subject: tradable permits
subject: afforestation
subject: conservation tillage
subject: government policy
subject: regional economics

description: While a carbon market offers substantial opportunities for US agriculture, regional differences in such a market are often ignored. This paper focuses on the advantages and challenges for agriculture in the South. The potential of two promising options are analyzed: conversion from cropland to forests and greater use of conversation tillage. It is argued that the right institutional arrangements can overcome three fundamental challenges to an efficient carbon market: transaction costs, risk, and perverse incentives. Some examples are given, such as the use of a farmer-owned organization and the provision of land use and carbon information by the government.
Fast Gravitational Approach for Rigid Point Set Registration with Ordinary Differential Equations
Creators: name: Ali, Sk Aziz
name: Kahraman, Kerem
name: Theobalt, Christian
name: Stricker, Didier
name: Golyanik, Vladislav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This article introduces a new physics-based method for rigid point set alignment called Fast Gravitational Approach (FGA). In FGA, the source and target point sets are interpreted as rigid particle swarms with masses interacting in a globally multiply-linked manner while moving in a simulated gravitational force field. The optimal alignment is obtained by explicit modeling of forces acting on the particles as well as their velocities and displacements with second-order ordinary differential equations of motion. Additional alignment cues (point-based or geometric features, and other boundary conditions) can be integrated into FGA through particle masses. We propose a smooth-particle mass function for point mass initialization, which improves robustness to noise and structural discontinuities. To avoid prohibitive quadratic complexity of all-to-all point interactions, we adapt a Barnes-Hut tree for accelerated force computation and achieve quasilinear computational complexity. We show that the new method class has characteristics not found in previous alignment methods such as efficient handling of partial overlaps, inhomogeneous point sampling densities, and coping with large point clouds with reduced runtime compared to the state of the art. Experiments show that our method performs on par with or outperforms all compared competing non-deep-learning-based and general-purpose techniques (which do not assume the availability of training data and a scene prior) in resolving transformations for LiDAR data and gains state-of-the-art accuracy and speed when coping with different types of data disturbances.
description: 18 pages, 18 figures and two tables
INTERNATIONAL VARIATION IN RETURN ON EQUITY IN THE FOOD AND BEVERAGE INDUSTRIES
Creators: name: Acheampong, Yvonne J.
name: Acheampong, Yvonne J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: beverage and tobacco industry
subject: country- and firm-specific factors
subject: food and consumer-products industry
subject: globalization
subject: unbalanced panel data
subject: variation in return on equity

description: The objective is to analyze the effects of country- and firm-specific factors on the return on equity in the beverage and tobacco and food and consumer-products industries for 11industrialized nations. The results indicate that country- and firm-specific factors are important in explaining variation in return on equity within countries but not generally across countries or time.
Exploring variations in the fundamental constants with ELTs: The CODEX spectrograph on OWL
Creators: name: Molaro, Paolo
name: Murphy, Michael T.
name: Levshakov, Sergei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cosmological variations in the fine structure constant, alpha, can be probed through precise velocity measurements of metallic absorption lines from intervening gas clouds seen in spectra of distant quasars. Data from the Keck/HIRES instrument support a variation in alpha of 6 parts per million. Such a variation would have profound implications, possibly providing a window into the extra spatial dimensions required by unified theories such as string/M-theory. However, recent results from VLT/UVES suggest no variation in alpha. The COsmic Dynamics EXperiment (CODEX) spectrograph currently being designed for the ESO OWL telescope (Pasquini et al 2005) with a resolution high enough to properly resolve even the narrowest of metallic absorption lines, R>150,000, will achieve a 2-to-3 order-of-magnitude precision increase in Deltaα/alpha. This will rival the precision available from the Oklo natural fission reactor and upcoming satellite-borne atomic clock experiments. Given the vital constraints on fundamental physics possible, the ELT community must consider such a high-resolution optical spectrograph like CODEX.
description: 5 pages, to appear in the Proceed. of IAU Symp.232 "The Scientific Requirements for Extremely Large Telescopes", eds. P. Whitelock, B. Leibundgut, and M. Dennefeld
Local spin spirals in the Neel phase of La_{2-x}Sr_xCuO_4
Creators: name: Luscher, Andreas
name: Misguich, Gregoire
name: Milstein, Alexander I.
name: Sushkov, Oleg P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Experimental observations of lightly doped La_{2-x}Sr_xCuO_4, x < 0.02, revealed remarkable magnetic properties such as the incommensurate noncollinear ordering (additional to the Neel ordering) and a tremendous doping dependence of the uniform longitudinal susceptibility. We show that the spiral solution of the t-t'-t''-J model obtained by taking into account the Coulomb trapping of holes by Sr ions describes these puzzling data perfectly well. Our solution firstly explains why the incommensurate structure is directed along the orthorhombic b-axis, and secondly allows a numerical calculation of the positions and shapes of the incommensurate neutron scattering peaks. Thirdly, we calculate the doping dependence of the spin-wave gap, and lastly, we study the longitudinal magnetic susceptibility and show that its doping dependence is due to the noncollinearity of the spin spiral.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures
AMERICA'S FORGOTTEN PEOPLE AND PLACES: ENDING THE LEGACY OF POVERTY IN THE RURAL SOUTH: DISCUSSION
Creators: name: Baharanyi, Ntam
name: Zabawa, Robert
name: Boateng, Evelyn
name: Baharanyi, Ntam
name: Zabawa, Robert
name: Boateng, Evelyn
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development

description: These comments discuss the presentations by Christy, Wenner, and Dassie ("A Microenterprise-Centered Economic Development Strategy for the Rural South: Sustaining Growth with Economic Opportunity") and Freshwater ("What Can Social Scientists Contribute to the Challenge of Rural Economic Development?") in three sections. These are (1) a brief overview of the Southern Black Belt and its rural development needs, (2) an assessment of the microenterprise-centered economic development strategy for the rural South, and (3) a quick review of what social scientists can contribute to the challenges of rural economic development. This approach also emphasizes the authors' background at a historically black land-grant university, and the belief that as goes the Black Belt, so goes the rural South.
Programmability of covariant quantum channels
Creators: name: Gschwendtner, Martina
name: Bluhm, Andreas
name: Winter, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A programmable quantum processor uses the states of a program register to specify one element of a set of quantum channels which is applied to an input register. It is well-known that such a device is impossible with a finite-dimensional program register for any set that contains infinitely many unitary quantum channels (Nielsen and Chuang's No-Programming Theorem), meaning that a universal programmable quantum processor does not exist. The situation changes if the system has symmetries. Indeed, here we consider group-covariant channels. If the group acts irreducibly on the channel input, these channels can be implemented exactly by a programmable quantum processor with finite program dimension (via teleportation simulation, which uses the Choi-Jamiolkowski state of the channel as a program). Moreover, by leveraging the representation theory of the symmetry group action, we show how to remove redundancy in the program and prove that the resulting program register has minimum Hilbert space dimension. Furthermore, we provide upper and lower bounds on the program register dimension of a processor implementing all group-covariant channels approximately.
description: 24 pages, 2 figures, published version, added Remark 13, expanded Section 3.1 and Example 23 significantly
Twist Symmetry and Classical Solutions in Open String Field Theory
Creators: name: Zeze, Syoji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct classical solutions of open string field theory which are not invariant under ordinary twist operation. From detailed analysis of the moduli space of the solutions, it turns out that our solutions become nontrivial at boundaries of the moduli space. The cohomology of the modified BRST operator and the CSFT potential evaluated by the level truncation method strongly support the fact that our nontrivial solutions correspond to the closed string vacuum. We show that the nontrivial solutions are equivalent to the twist even solution which was found by Takahashi and Tanimoto, and twist invariance of open string field theory remains after the shift of the classical backgrounds.
description: 19 pages, 2 figures; v2: errors fixed
Investigation of a type of traveling-wave mm-wave array antenna
Creators: name: Chan, Aimee
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The motivation for this work was to develop a small aperture, low profile, dual frequency, dual polarized antenna suitable for portable and mobile satellite terminals. The design was to incorporate the elevation angle of the satellite for a given location such that, when in operation, the radiation aperture is approximately in a horizontal position, while the pointing in the azimuth plane is achieved mechanically. This thesis is an investigation of travelling-wave longslot array antennas with an attempt to meet a set of predefined specifications and at the same time, to address these key features. As an effort to prove the concepts, an experimental model was built and tested. The measured results compared well with the theoretical calculations. It is suggested that the work presented in the thesis has fulfilled these requirements, with some limitations. During the progress of this work, however, and because of the experience gained at UBC on the Advanced Communications Technology Satellite (ACTS) project, the idea of an antenna used in an inverted configuration was conceived in order to minimize the effect of attenuation due to wet antenna surfaces during rain events. This idea would be applicable in both satellite terminals and Local Multipoint Distribution System (LMDS) applications.
Once-ionized helium in superstrong magnetic fields
Creators: name: Pavlov, George G.
name: Bezchastnov, Victor G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is generally believed that magnetic fields of some neutron stars, the so-called magnetars, are enormously strong, up to 10^{14} - 10^{15} G. Recent investigations have shown that the atmospheres of magnetars are possibly composed of helium. We calculate the structure and bound-bound radiative transitions of the He^+ ion in superstrong fields, including the effects caused by the coupling of the ion's internal degrees of freedom to its center-of-mass motion. We show that He^+ in superstrong magnetic fields can produce spectral lines with energies of up to about 3 keV, and it may be responsible for absorption features detected recently in the soft X-ray spectra of several radio-quiet isolated neutron stars. Quantization of the ion's motion across a magnetic field results in a fine structure of spectral lines, with a typical spacing of tens electron-volts in magnetar-scale fields. It also gives rise to ion cyclotron transitions, whose energies and oscillator strengths depend on the state of the bound ion.
description: 12 pages, including 3 figures. Submitted to ApJ Letters (revised version)
Three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics simulations of interfacial flows with surfactants
Creators: name: Batchvarov, Assen
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2020

description: Thin film flows are at the nexus of a large number of industrial applications that include manufacturing of fast-moving consumer goods, enhanced oil recovery, electronics, coating processes, and many more. The multiphase flow dynamics of such systems are affected by a myriad of physics (e.g., capillarity, complex rheology, heat and mass transfer, phase change, gravity, intermolecular and electro-magnetic interactions, and others). The physical complexity of thin film flow has excited the scientific community for decades. Over the years, many experimental efforts in the field have unravelled a multitude of challenges associated with the multi-scale nature of the physical phenomenon. Most attempts fall short of scrutinising these problems fully. Additionally, the complex topological structures of these flows are often influenced by naturally occurring, or deliberately placed surface-active species, resulting in the creation of surface tension gradients that drive the formation of Marangoni stresses. This work identifies the need to develop high-fidelity numerical models to study the influence of surfactants on the non-linear, three-dimensional physics of four industrially-relevant scenarios where thin films govern the dynamics. This work uses a new massively-parallel solver for the simulation of three-dimensional thin film flows (Shin et al., 2018). The numerical technique adopts a hybrid front-tracking/level-set approach, making it extremely advantageous in the study of interfacial phenomenon in the presence of surfactants. Numerical models are developed for the study of elongated bubbles propagating through liquid capillaries. The presence of inertia in these systems is responsible for the formation of complex spatio-temporal undulating structures near the bubble tail. This work elucidates, for the first time, the effect of Marangoni stresses on the dynamics of these oscillations for a wide range of flow and surfactant-related parameters. Additionally, the work investigates the effect of surfactant addition on the thin film region of these bubbles and the development of %critical flow vortical structures. The numerical approach is also extended to study the effect of Marangoni stresses on the three-dimensional wave dynamics of falling liquid films. Finally, the work concludes with the study of surfactant addition on the interaction of drops with thin liquid layers by looking at low-speed coalescence events first before arriving at high speed impacts. Escape from pinchoff was observed for all surfactant-laden coalescence systems, where a non-monotonic response was observed in relation to the vertical stretching and neck radius of the drop, driven by higher Marangoni stresses observed at the mid-range of the tested Marangoni parameters. Finally, surfactants were observed to significantly affect the vertical evolution of crowns in drop impact events, in addition to suppressing the breakup of the ejecta sheet for high Weber number impacts.
AN EVALUATION OF THE DISTRIBUTIONAL POWER OF PROGRESA'S CASH TRANSFER IN MEXICO
Creators: name: Coady, David P.
name: Coady, David P.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: Food Security and Poverty

description: Using both national-sample and program-level census survey data, we evaluate the distributional power of Mexico's Programa Nacional de Educacion, Salud y Alimentacion (PROGRESA) transfers using the so-called distributional characteristic. These transfers are targeted both geographically at marginal localities and at poor households within these localities. Transfers are also conditioned on household members attending school and health clinics. We show that the program has a relatively high distributional power compared to a range of alternatives considered. Although geographic targeting has a relatively large effect on the distributional power of the program, the demographic structure of transfers is more important than household targeting. However, the gains from household targeting increase as the program expands into less marginal localities. Within the structure of transfers, the education component is distributionally more powerful than the food component, reflecting the fact that the former is based on household demographics, while the latter is uniform across households. Restructuring education grants towards secondary schooling in order to generate higher education impacts does not appear to affect the distributional power of the program. In any case, any adverse impact could be offset by increasing the cap on transfers, which is regressive. Take-up of the program is high but relatively higher among the poorest households, thus increasing distributional power. However, this effect is mitigated by the fact that, conditional on program take-up, the poorest households take up a relatively lower proportion of potential transfers.
Formation of ultra-compact dwarf galaxies: tests of the galaxy threshing scenario in Fornax
Creators: name: Thomas, P. A.
name: Drinkwater, M. J.
name: Evstigneeva, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper investigates the possibility that UCD galaxies in the Fornax cluster are formed by the threshing of nucleated, early-type dwarf galaxies (hereafter dwarf galaxies). Similar to the results of Cote et al. (2006) for the Virgo cluster, we show that the Fornax Cluster observations are consistent with a single population in which all dwarfs are nucleated, with a ratio of nuclear to total magnitude that varies slowly with magnitude. Importantly, the magnitude distribution of the UCD population is similar to that of the dwarf nuclei in the Fornax cluster. The joint population of UCDs and the dwarfs from which they may originate is modelled and shown to be consistent with an NFW profile with a characteristic radius of 5 kpc. Furthermore, a steady-state dynamical model reproduces the known mass profile of Fornax. However, there are a number of peculiarities in the velocity dispersion data that remain unexplained. The simplest possible threshing model is tested, in which dwarf galaxies move on orbits in a static cluster potential and are threshed if they pass within a radius at which the tidal force from the cluster exceeds the internal gravity at the core of their dark matter halo. This fails to reproduce the observed fraction of UCDs at radii greater than 30 kpc from the core of Fornax.
description: 18 pages, accepted for publication by MNRAS Changes in response to referee's comments: Amended Figure 6 to allow for missing UCDs at large radii Modified discussion
Ökumene, Mission und Kirchlicher Entwicklungsdienst in evangelikaler Sicht
Creators: name: Betz, Ulrich
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 23 Nr. 1 (1974): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 23, Heft 1
Abbildende Ellipsometrie mit Lichtwegumkehrung für die optische Charakterisierung von gekrümmten Oberflächen
Creators: name: Negara, Christian Emanuel
Publisher: name: KIT Scientific Publishing
Year: 2023
Subjects: Ellipsometrie
gekrümmte Oberfläche
Messtechnik
Retroreflexion
bildgebend
ellipsometry
curved surface
metrology
retroreflection
imaging

description: Die Ellipsometrie ist ein Messverfahren zur Oberflächencharakterisierung und Dünnschichtmessung von ebenen Oberflächen unter Verwendung von polarisiertem Licht. Ein neues Messprinzip basierend auf Lichtwegumkehrung und Retroreflexion ermöglicht jedoch die Erfassung von beliebigen Freiformflächen. Dieses neue Messprinzip und damit verbundene Fragestellungen zur Messabbildung, Auswertealgorithmik und Mehrdeutigkeiten sowie Freiheitsgrade der Lösungsmenge werden in dieser Arbeit untersucht.
Spitzer IRAC Imaging of the Relativistic Jet from Superluminal Quasar PKS 0637-752
Creators: name: Uchiyama, Y.
name: Urry, C. M.
name: Van Duyne, J.
name: Cheung, C. C.
name: Sambruna, R. M.
name: Takahashi, T.
name: Tavecchio, F.
name: Maraschi, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Emission from the relativistic jet located at hundreds of kpc from the core of the superluminal quasar PKS 0637-752 was detected at 3.6 and 5.8 microns with the Infrared Array Camera (IRAC) on the Spitzer Space Telescope. The unprecedented sensitivity and arcsecond resolution of IRAC allows us to explore the mid-infrared emission from kiloparsec-scale quasar jets for the first time. The mid-infrared flux from the jet knots, when combined with radio and optical fluxes, confirms a synchrotron origin of the radio-to-optical emission and constrains very well the high energy end of the nonthermal electron distribution. Assuming the X-rays are produced in the relativistically moving knots via inverse Compton scattering of cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation, the infrared observation puts constraints on the matter content of the quasar extended jet. Specifically, pure electron-positoron pair jet models are unfavorable based on the lack of an infrared bump associated with ``bulk Comptonization'' of CMB photons by an ultrarelativistic jet.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures; accepted for publication in ApJ Letters
Emission of magnetar bursts and precursors of neutron star mergers
Creators: name: Beloborodov, Andrei M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetar bursts can be emitted by Alfvén waves growing in the outer magnetosphere to nonlinear amplitudes, $δB/B\sim 1$, and triggering magnetic reconnection. Similar magnetic flares should occur quasi-periodically in a magnetized neutron star binary nearing merger. In both cases, fast dissipation in the magnetic flare creates optically thick $e^\pm$ plasma, whose heat capacity is negligible compared with the generated radiation energy. Magnetic dissipation then involves photon viscosity and acts through Compton drag on the plasma bulk motions in the reconnection region. The effective temperature of the resulting Comptonization process is self-regulated to tens of keV. The generated X-ray emission is calculated using time-dependent radiative transfer simulations, which follow the creation of $e^\pm$ pairs and the production, Comptonization, and escape of photons. The simulations show how the dissipation region becomes dressed in an $e^\pm$ coat, and how the escaping spectrum is shaped by radiative transfer through the coat. The results are compared with observed magnetar bursts, including the recent activity of SGR 1935+2154 accompanied by a fast radio burst. Predictions are made for X-ray precursors of magnetized neutron star mergers.
description: 14 pages, accepted to ApJ
Diagonalizing the Hamiltonian of capacitively coupled superconducting phase qubits
Creators: name: Wu, Tao
name: Li, Zheng
name: Liu, Jianshe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Coupling qubits together towards large-scale integration is a key point for realizing a quantum computer. We study the capacitively coupled superconducting phase qubits using two diagonalization methods, which are very efficient to obtain the wave functions and energies of the bound states of such two-qubit system. The first diagonalization method is based on two-dimensional cubic approximation for the coupled system with wave functions of the eigenstates for harmonic oscillators as the bases of diagonalization, and also reveals the physics underlying it. The other one utilizes the Fast Fourier Transform to perform diagonalization with plane waves as the bases, and it can be easily extended to other problems with even high dimension.
description: 14 pages
Mapping and optimizing a software-only real-time mpge-2 video encoder on vliw architectures
Creators: name: Lee, Henry
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: MAPPING AND OPTIMIZING A SOFTWARE-ONLY REAL-TIME Due to its high computational demand, MPEG-2 video coding solutions have been based mainly on custom hardware (ASIC) systems. Such systems lack the flexibility and adaptability of software-based solutions. Achieving real-time MPEG-2 video encoding in software remains to be a major challenge. A typical MPEG-2 encoder performs 20 to 30 GOPS (giga operations per second), which exceeds the capabilities of the most advanced contemporary processors. In this thesis, we have developed and tested a highly optimized, low complexity, highquality MPEG-2 video encoder software based on Texas Instruments' fixed-point TMS320C6201 VLiW (Very Long Instruction Word) processor. First, we developed MPEG-2 video encoder software written in C for the C62x processor platform, however, due to the difference in the processor architecture, optimization and modification are done on the software to ensure the MPEG-2 video encoder runs efficiently in the VLIW architecture. The optimization are done at the assembly language level to maximize the attainable instruction-level parallelism (ILP) of the C62x VLIW architecture. In our experience, optimizations done alone by the optimizing Ccompiler of the C62x could not meet the real-time requirements of MPEG-2. After code remapping and optimization, the resulting MPEG-2 video encoder implementation runs approximately 32 times faster than the original unoptimized MPEG-2 video encoder. Moreover, the current version of the encoder can handle SIF(320x240) video format at 16 frames per second with both I and P pictures, and CCIR-601 (720x480) at 15 frames per second for the I pictures only. Our real-time MPEG-2 encoder has been implemented and tested on the C62x Evaluation Model (EVM) board from TI.
Additional methods and results from Behavioural variation among workers promotes feed-forward loops in a simulated insect colony
Creators: name: Easter, Carrie
name: Leadbeater, Ellouise
name: Hasenjager, Matthew J.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour
subject: Computational Biology

description: Contains full ODD model description; triangle transitivity calculations; additional results (including results for 'to active' model condition; and additional analyses not included in the main text, including sensitivity analyses and an investigation into speed/efficiency of information flow through static interactions networks.
How Does Thermal Scattering Shape the Infrared Spectra of Cloudy Exoplanets? A Theoretical Framework and Consequences for Atmospheric Retrievals in the JWST era
Creators: name: Taylor, Jake
name: Parmentier, Vivien
name: Line, Michael R.
name: Lee, Elspeth K. H.
name: Irwin, Patrick G. J.
name: Aigrain, Suzanne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Observational studies of exoplanets are suggestive of a ubiquitous presence of clouds. The current modelling techniques used in emission to account for the clouds tend to require prior knowledge of the cloud condensing species and often do not consider the scattering effects of the cloud. We explore the effects that thermal scattering has on the emission spectra by modelling a suite of hot Jupiter atmospheres with varying cloud single-scattering albedos (SSAs) and temperature profiles. We examine cases ranging from simple isothermal conditions to more complex structures and physically driven cloud modelling. We show that scattering from nightside clouds would lead to brightness temperatures that are cooler than the real atmospheric temperature if scattering is unaccounted for. We show that scattering can produce spectral signatures in the emission spectrum even for isothermal atmospheres. We identify the retrieval degeneracies and biases that arise in the context of simulated JWST spectra when the scattering from the clouds dominates the spectral shape. Finally, we propose a novel method of fitting the SSA spectrum of the cloud in emission retrievals, using a technique that does not require any prior knowledge of the cloud chemical or physical properties.
description: Accepted to MNRAS
[Patwin grammar]
Creators: name: Bill, Minnie
name: Bright, Elizabeth
name: Gonzales, Mrs.  Sara Jane
name: Lowell Lorenzo, Daisy
name: Lowell, Nora
name: Mitchum, Mrs.  Ida
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: pwi
subject: Hill Patwin language
subject: River Patwin language
subject: Tebti Patwin language

description: Fifth of 10 notebooks. Handwritten draft of a grammar. Includes short texts.
RETHINKING FOOD AID TO FIGHT AIDS
Creators: name: Kadiyala, Suneetha
name: Gillespie, Stuart
name: Kadiyala, Suneetha
name: Gillespie, Stuart
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Food Security and Poverty
Health Economics and Policy

description: HIV/AIDS is a slow-moving, devastating shock that kills the most productive members of society, increases household dependency ratios, reduces household productivity and caring capacity, and impairs the intergenerational transfer of knowledge. It is socially invisible, complicated by silence, denial, stigma, and discrimination. While it affects both rich and poor, it is the poor who are most severely impacted. Though it affects both sexes, it is not gender neutral. Though AIDS is far more than just another health problem, many development organizations have yet to undertake thorough analyses of its impact on what they do and how they do it. Even fewer have actually changed their policies and procedures to adjust to the new realities. In the era of AIDS, food and nutrition security is becoming even more of a priority for many households and communities. We know that food and nutrition are fundamentally intertwined with HIV transmission and the impacts of AIDS. Evidence of the ways in which food insecurity and malnutrition may increase susceptibility to HIV as well as vulnerability to AIDS impacts, and how HIV/AIDS in turn exacerbates these conditions is increasingly well documented. Food and nutrition security is fundamentally relevant to all four of the conventional pillars of HIV/AIDS response  prevention, care, treatment, and mitigation  and food aid can be an important addition to the arsenal. This paper, based on a detailed review of the relevant literature and the findings of a mission to eastern and southern Africa, highlights the implications of the HIV/AIDS pandemic for food aid strategy and programming. By viewing food aid programs through an "HIV/AIDS lens" and in the context of a livelihoods approach, the authors argue that organizations can design effective interventions that reduce both susceptibility to HIV and vulnerability to AIDS impacts. Though there is little empirical evidence regarding the effectiveness of food aid in responding to HIV/AIDS, the authors argue this should not constrain action. Using past experience as a guide, organizations can learn by doing, documenting, and continuously reassessing their programs using the evolving HIV/AIDS lens. By doing so, they ensure maximal relevance and impact.
ADULT HEALTH IN THE TIME OF DROUGHT
Creators: name: Hoddinott, John
name: Kinsey, Bill
name: Hoddinott, John
name: Kinsey, Bill
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: Health Economics and Policy

description: This paper examines the impact of rainfall shocks on a measure of adult health, body mass, drawing on a unique panel data set of households residing in rural Zimbabwe. Controlling for individual, household, and community factors, and individual fixed, unobservable effects, we find women, but not men, are adversely affected by drought. However, these effects are not borne equally by all women. Women residing in poor households and daughters more generally appear to bear the brunt of this shock. Our results suggest that an ex ante private coping strategy, the accumulation of livestock, protects women against the adverse consequences of this shock. By contrast, we find that ex post public responses are not effective, though for several reasons we treat this finding with caution.
An example of inspections of compliance with the transport regulation (COUNCIL REGULATION (EC) No. 1/2005)
Creators: name: EURCAW-Poultry-SFA
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: inspection
poultry
transport
turkey
welfare

description: This document is an example of a good welfare practice describing how to perform a veterinary inspection as a random check of compliance with the EU transport regulation (COUNCIL REGULATION (EC) No 1/2005), i.e., handling of the animals at catching, the animals’ fitness for transport, whether the necessary documents are in place and whether the vehicle used is suitable for transport of animals.
Dynamic Meteorology at the Photosphere of HD 209458b
Creators: name: Cooper, Curtis S.
name: Showman, Adam P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the meteorology of the close-in transiting extrasolar planet HD 209458b using a global, three-dimensional atmospheric circulation model. Dynamics are driven by perpetual irradiation of one hemisphere of this tidally locked planet. The simulation predicts global temperature contrasts of ~500 K at the photosphere and the development of a steady superrotating jet. The jet extends from the equator to mid-latitudes and from the top model layer at 1 mbar down to 10 bars at the base of the heated region. Wind velocities near the equator exceed 4 km/s at 300 mbar. The hottest regions of the atmosphere are blown downstream from the substellar point by 60 degrees of longitude. We predict from these results a factor of ~2 ratio between the maximum and minimum observed radiation from the planet over a full orbital period, with peak infrared emission preceding the time of the secondary eclipse by ~14 hours.
description: Accepted by ApJ Letters
A Distributed Methodology for Approximate Uniform Global Minimum Sharing
Creators: name: Bin, Michelangelo
name: Parisini, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: The paper deals with the distributed minimum sharing problem: a set of decision-makers compute the minimum of some local quantities of interest in a distributed and decentralized way by exchanging information through a communication network. We propose an adjustable approximate solution which enjoys several properties of crucial importance in applications. In particular, the proposed solution has good decentralization properties and it is scalable in that the number of local variables does not grow with the size or topology of the communication network. Moreover, a global and uniform (both in the initial time and in the initial conditions) asymptotic stability result is provided towards a steady state which can be made arbitrarily close to the sought minimum. Exact asymptotic convergence can be recovered at the price of losing uniformity with respect to the initial time.
Synchronizations in small-world networks of spiking neurons: Diffusive versus sigmoid couplings
Creators: name: Hasegawa, Hideo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By using a semi-analytical dynamical mean-field approximation previously proposed by the author [H. Hasegawa, Phys. Rev. E, {\bf 70}, 066107 (2004)], we have studied the synchronization of stochastic, small-world (SW) networks of FitzHugh-Nagumo neurons with diffusive couplings. The difference and similarity between results for {\it diffusive} and {\it sigmoid} couplings have been discussed. It has been shown that with introducing the weak heterogeneity to regular networks, the synchronization may be slightly increased for diffusive couplings, while it is decreased for sigmoid couplings. This increase in the synchronization for diffusive couplings is shown to be due to their local, negative feedback contributions, but not due to the shorten average distance in SW networks. Synchronization of SW networks depends not only on their structure but also on the type of couplings.
description: 17 pages, 8 figures, accepted in Phys. Rev. E with some changes