cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Optimizing Constellations for Single-Subcarrier Intensity-Modulated Optical Systems
Creators: name: Karout, Johnny
name: Agrell, Erik
name: Szczerba, Krzysztof
name: Karlsson, Magnus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We optimize modulation formats for the additive white Gaussian noise channel with nonnegative input, also known as the intensity-modulated direct-detection channel, with and without confining them to a lattice structure. Our optimization criteria are the average electrical, average optical, and peak power. The nonnegative constraint on the input to the channel is translated into a conical constraint in signal space, and modulation formats are designed by sphere packing inside this cone. Some dense packings are found, which yield more power-efficient modulation formats than previously known. For example, at a spectral efficiency of 1.5 bit/s/Hz, the modulation format optimized for average electrical power has a 2.55 dB average electrical power gain over the best known format to achieve a symbol error rate of 10^-6. The corresponding gains for formats optimized for average and peak optical power are 1.35 and 1.72 dB, respectively. Using modulation formats optimized for peak power in average-power limited systems results in a smaller power penalty than when using formats optimized for average power in peak-power limited systems. We also evaluate the modulation formats in terms of their mutual information to predict their performance in the presence of capacity-achieving error- correcting codes, and finally show numerically and analytically that the optimal modulation formats for reliable transmission in the wideband regime have only one nonzero point.
description: submitted to IEEE Transactions on Information Theory, June 2011
TARP Repayment, Lobbying and Political Connectivity
Creators: name: Simmons, Ian
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2012

description: In their paper "Corporate Lobbying, Political Connections, and the Bailout of Banks," Blau, Brough, and Thomas (2012) present significant evidence that firms that engaged in lobbying and maintain political connection with the federal government were more likely to receive funds from the Troubled Asset Relief Program (TARP), received more funds on average, and received the funds earlier than those firms that did not lobby or maintain political connections. These results fit into a large body of work showing similar results showing that lobbying has positive economic benefits to lobbying firms (Chen and Yang, 2010; Cooper and Ovtchinnikov, 2010; Faccio, 2010; Facio, Masulis and McConnell, 2006; Fisman, 2001; Goldman and Rocholl, 2009; Igan, Mishra and Tressel, 2009; Langbein and Lotwis, 1990). Li (2012) also found that political connections led to increased probability of receiving TARP funds.
Less attention has been paid to the behavior of firms that lobbied after receiving government bailouts; Duchin and Sosyura (2011) do show that banks that received bailouts look less risky due to better capitalization ratios; however, bailed out banks also tend to increase risky lending and therefore show an increase in volatility and default risk. However, to our knowledge, no study has been done that attempts to isolate the difference in repayment behavior between connected and non-connected banks following a widespread bailout.
In this study, we extend the literature by studying the factors that led to repayment of TARP funds, specifically comparing those banks that did and did not maintain political connections in the years leading up to the 2008 financial crisis.
From TEARs to AID: the effects of emotional tears in images of refugees on helping through crowdfunding actions - Exhibition Study (Study 3)
Creators: name: Zickfeld, Janis
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Social Psychology
subject: #tears #prosocialbehavior #helping #emotions #compassion #humanness #refugees #immigration

description: People are usually more willing to help those who cry. The question is why and what kind of help tears activate. The EU-funded TEARAID project will try to solve this question. It will examine the effects of tears on the promotion of two types of prosocial behaviour: autonomy- and dependency-oriented help. It will also test the role of underlying mechanisms like perceived humanness of the tearful person and self-transcendent emotions felt in response to tears, such as compassion. Photos and videos of refugees used in news stories and social campaigns by NGOs will be used to compare people’s reactions to tearful and non-tearful refugees. The findings will assist in improving measures of prosocial behaviour and creating joint initiatives with the crowdfunding industry.
The Effects of the High-Probability Procedure on Compliance When Paired with Precision Commands
Creators: name: Teter, Whitney
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2012

description: Noncompliance to teacher directions is an issue in nearly every early childhood classroom. It is necessary for young children to comply with directions so that teachers may assess their knowledge and their progress in the curriculum. Three preschool aged children (N = 3) with developmental delays participated in this study. The high probability command procedure was used with two children and was shown to be successful at increasing compliance. The third child did not show an increase in compliance when the high probability command procedure was used, nor did compliance increase when precision commands (escape extinction) were paired with the high probability command procedure. Positive reinforcement in the form of access to a preferred item finally increased compliance for the final participant. These findings suggest that the high probability command procedure may be an effective behavioral technique for increasing compliance in some children.
Model independent analysis of proton structure for hydrogenic bound states
Creators: name: Hill, Richard J.
name: Paz, Gil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Proton structure effects in hydrogenic bound states are analyzed using nonrelativistic QED effective field theory. Implications for the Lamb shift in muonic hydrogen are discussed. Model-dependent assumptions in previous analyses are isolated, and sensitivity to poorly constrained hadronic structure in the two-photon exchange contribution is identified.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure. v2: PRL version
Quantifying quantum discord and entanglement of formation via unified purifications
Creators: name: Cen, Li-Xiang
name: Li, Xin-Qi
name: Shao, JiuShu
name: Yan, YiJing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a scheme to evaluate the amount of quantum discord and entanglement of formation for mixed states, and reveal their ordering relation via an intrinsic relationship between the two quantities distributed in different partners of the associated purification. This approach enables us to achieve analytical expressions of the two measures for a sort of quantum states, such as an arbitrary two-qubit density matrix reduced from pure three-qubit states and a class of rank-2 mixed states of 4\times 2 systems. Moreover, we apply the scheme to characterize fully the dynamical behavior of quantum correlations for the specified physical systems under decoherence.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. A
Folding Forms
Creators: name: Tibbitts, Susan
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2012

description: “Folding Forms” is a creative research project that examined the process of converting two-dimensional graphics into three-dimensional forms for architectural and interior use. The work required a non-linear, design process involving hand sketching, digital graphics, printing, scoring, cutting and folding, resulting in conceptual, folded paper forms. Extensive prototype and exploratory models were built to achieve the desired outcome. The seemingly simple graphics produce complex forms.
Tunneling of massive particles from noncommutative inspired Schwarzschild black hole
Creators: name: Miao, Yan-Gang
name: Xue, Zhao
name: Zhang, Shao-Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply the generalization of the Parikh-Wilczek method to the tunneling of massive particles from noncommutative inspired Schwarzschild black holes. By deriving the equation of radial motion of the tunneling particle directly, we calculate the emission rate which is shown to be dependent on the noncommutative parameter besides the energy and mass of the tunneling particle. After equating the emission rate to the Boltzmann factor, we obtain the modified Hawking temperature which relates to the noncommutativity and recovers the standard Hawking temperature in the commutative limit. We also discuss the entropy of the noncommutative inspired Schwarzschild black hole and its difference after and before a massive particle's emission.
description: 11 pages, no figures; v2: 13 pages, clarifications and references added, version accepted for publication in Gen. Rel. Grav
Ghana: Accelerating neglected tropical disease control in a setting of economic development
Creators: name: Hotez, Peter J.
name: Biritwum, Nana-Kwadwo
name: Fenwick, Alan
name: Molyneux, David H.
name: Sachs, Jeffrey D.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Tropical medicine
Economic development--Health aspects
Medical care

description: Ghana is exhibiting impressive economic gains that may compare with the growth rates expected in India or China. With economic development, there is an expectation that the prevalence and disease burden of the neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) and other poverty-related neglected diseases will decline. Indeed, guinea worm, human African trypanosomiasis, and trachoma recently have been eliminated in Ghana, and there have been steep declines in the prevalence of onchocerciasis and lymphatic filariasis (as well as oesophogostomiasis and yaws), with the prospect of eliminating these diseases as well in the not-too-distant future. In contrast, progress toward disease prevalence reductions for schistosomiasis, hookworm, and other soil-transmitted helminth infections, as well as other NTDs, including cysticercosis, cystic echinococcosis, scabies, Buruli ulcer, and leprosy, have been more modest. Snake bite envenoming, an important regional noninfectious NTD, also requires a different strategic approach. Arbovirus infections are emerging and thus remain a significant and under-recognized public health threat. For some of these NTDs, new technologies, including vaccines, will be required. Health-system strengthening with mobile health-activities are expected to continue furthering NTD disease reductions, with the hope that Ghana could become the first highly populated Sub-Saharan African nation to achieve its NTD elimination targets.
A sequential Monte Carlo algorithm for inference of subclonal structure in cancer
Creators: name: Ogundijo, Oyetunji Enoch
name: Zhu, Kaiyi
name: Wang, Xiaodong
name: Anastassiou, Dimitris
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Tumors--Growth--Mathematical models
Monte Carlo method
Oncology

description: Tumors are heterogeneous in the sense that they consist of multiple subpopulations of cells, referred to as subclones, each of which is characterized by a distinct profile of genomic variations such as somatic mutations. Inferring the underlying clonal landscape has become an important topic in that it can help in understanding cancer development and progression, and thereby help in improving treatment. We describe a novel state-space model, based on the feature allocation framework and an efficient sequential Monte Carlo (SMC) algorithm, using the somatic mutation data obtained from tumor samples to estimate the number of subclones, as well as their characterization. Our approach, by design, is capable of handling any number of mutations. Via extensive simulations, our method exhibits high accuracy, in most cases, and compares favorably with existing methods. Moreover, we demonstrated the validity of our method through analyzing real tumor samples from patients from multiple cancer types (breast, prostate, and lung). Our results reveal driver mutation events specific to cancer types, and indicate clonal expansion by manual phylogenetic analysis. MATLAB code and datasets are available to download at: https://github.com/moyanre/tumor_clones.
Functional analysis of a plant metacaspase in negative regulation of innate immunity
Creators: name: Xu, Fan
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2022

description: Programmed cell death (PCD) plays a central role in innate immune responses in plants. Plant metacaspases are distant relatives of animal caspases which have previously been shown to play important roles in regulating PCD. The Arabidopsis thaliana genome encodes three type I and six type II metacaspases (MCs). In this study, we showed that Arabidopsis type I metacaspase MC2 functions as a negative regulator of plant immunity. A loss-of-function mutant of MC2 exhibits dwarf morphology, constitutively activated defense responses including enhanced resistance to virulent pathogens and constitutive defence marker PATHOGENESIS RELATED (PR) gene expression. On the other hand, overexpression of MC2 leads to enhanced disease susceptibility. The autoimmune phenotype of mc2 is dependent on the adaptor receptor-like kinases (RLKs) BAK1/BKK1 and SOBIR1, suggesting that MC2 functions upstream of these RLKs to negatively regulate plant immunity.
Learning: A Teaching Philosophy
Creators: name: Warren, Stephen Allen
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2012

description: This portfolio presents the author’s current understanding of second language teaching. The main section of the portfolio consists of a teaching philosophy that expresses the author’s believe that definitions of learning direct second language teaching. Three artifacts explore language, culture, and literature and express the development of the author’s teaching philosophy. An annotated bibliography covers the essential readings done in the course of study and provides the foundations for the author’s ontological arguments.
CosRayMC: a global fitting method in studying the properties of the new sources of cosmic e$^{\pm}$ excesses
Creators: name: Liu, Jie
name: Yuan, Qiang
name: Bi, Xiao-Jun
name: Li, Hong
name: Zhang, Xinmin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently PAMELA collaboration published the cosmic nuclei and electron spectra with high precision, together with the cosmic antiproton data updated, and the Fermi-LAT collaboration also updated the measurement of the total $e^+e^-$ spectrum to lower energies. In this paper we develop a Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) package {\it CosRayMC}, based on the GALPROP cosmic ray propagation model to study the implications of these new data. It is found that if only the background electrons and secondary positrons are considered, the fit is very bad with $χ_{\rm red}^2 \approx 3.68$. Taking into account the extra $e^+e^-$ sources of pulsars or dark matter annihilation we can give much better fit to these data, with the minimum $χ_{\rm red}^2 \approx 0.83$. This means the extra sources are necessary with a very high significance in order to fit the data. However, the data show little difference between pulsar and dark matter scenarios. Both the background and extra source parameters are well constrained with this MCMC method. Including the antiproton data, we further constrain the branching ratio of dark matter annihilation into quarks $B_q<0.5%$ at $2σ$ confidence level. The possible systematical uncertainties of the present study are discussed.
description: Published in Phys. Rev. D, 2012
Athetoid Movements as Initial Manifestation of Primary Sjögren Syndrome
Creators: name: Alvarado-Franco, Norma L.
name: Gonzalez-Marques, Catalina
name: Olguin-Ramirez, Leticia A.
name: Garza-Alpirez, Alejandro
name: Femat-Roldan, Giovana
name: Martinez-Ramirez, Daniel
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Autoimmune diseases
Neuroimmunology
Sjogren's syndrome
Chorea
Athetosis

description: Background: Primary Sjögren syndrome (pSS) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by exocrine gland and extraglandular symptoms. We present a case report of pSS with an initial presentation of athetoid movements.

Case Report: A 74-year-old female presented with a 2-month history of slow undulating movements in her trunk and thighs that eventually spread to her neck and lower extremities. She also reported dry eyes, dry mouth, as well as pain in her shoulders and thighs. Her proinflammatory markers and rheumatologic profile were positive. Her salivary gland biopsy revealed a Focus score > 2. Brain magnetic resonance imaging was normal. A diagnosis of pSS was made. The patient’s symptoms improved with hydroxychloroquine, pilocarpine, gabapentin, and clonazepam.

Discussion: Clinicians should consider and screen for primary autoimmune disorders as a cause of subacute athetoid movements in elderly patients. Although aggressive treatment has been recommended, treatment should be tailored to each patient’s specific needs.
Design of a Constructed Wetland for Wastewater Treatment and Reuse in Mount Pleasant, Utah
Creators: name: Zhang, Yue
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2012

description: Municipalities in the Intermountain West are facing water shortages based on their current population growth projections. Utah has the second highest per-capita culinary water use in the United States. Among other cities, Mount Pleasant, Utah, is seeking innovative and cost-effective ways to reduce culinary water use. This study presents a feasibility analysis of and a design for using a free water surface constructed wetland system to treat the city’s wastewater. The study further presents a cost-benefit assessment of using the treated water for landscape irrigation in the city. The study is based on an analysis of existing wastewater quality, local climatic and site biophysical conditions, and future water use projections. The proposed constructed wetland system is composed of two reactors in series: a stabilization lagoon followed by a constructed wetland. The study involves retrofitting the existing wastewater sewage lagoons and designing a constructive wetland and a storage pond for reclaimed water. The study results show that after a relatively long retention time, the overall biochemical oxygen demands will be reduced by 93.6% to 97.8% and the total suspended solids will be reduced by 87.2% to 87.9%. The treated water is sufficient to irrigate approximately 45 acres of turfgrass or 37 acres of pasture grass. In contrast to complex high-maintenance treatment systems, constructed wetlands provide ecologically-sustainable wastewater treatment. For municipalities that are facing similar challenges, this study provides an example of reducing culinary water use and achieving other sustainable development goals by reclaiming and reusing treated wastewater.
Existence and approximation of Hunt processes associated with generalized Dirichlet forms
Creators: name: Peil, Vitali
name: Trutnau, Gerald
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 31C25, 60J40, Secondary 60J10, 31C15, 60J45

description: We show that any strictly quasi-regular generalized Dirichlet form that satisfies the mild structural condition D3 is associated to a Hunt process, and that the associated Hunt process can be approximated by a sequence of multivariate Poisson processes. This also gives a new proof for the existence of a Hunt process associated to a strictly quasi-regular generalized Dirichlet form that satisfies SD3 and extends all previous results.
description: Revised, shortened and improved version
Curriculum Design for an Integrated Language Arts Class at the High School Level Utilizing a Multi-Genre American Studies Approach
Creators: name: Biddulph, Susan K.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2012

description: Curriculum integration and multi-genre approaches to education are acknowledged to be beneficial to both student learning styles and skill development; however, due to time and budget constraints, many teachers do not implen1ent these approaches. This language arts curriculum utilizes a theme-centered approach that smoothly integrates many subject areas and encourages skill development while adhering to the Utah Common Core Curriculum and incorporating multiple lean1ing styles. The theme of the curriculum is gender role expectations throughout history. While the units primarily rely on primary texts, they also incorporate numerous secondary texts in multiple subject areas and require both formal and informal writing projects on the part of the students. The thesis includes an introduction, syllabus information for the class, a unit overview spanning two trimesters, detailed day-to-day unit plans for two of the six units, a reflection on the design process, an annotated bibliography for further references and appendices that include all unit material for the two detailed units and the Utah Common Core Language Arts Standards.
Peculiarities in the behavior of the entropy diameter for molecular liquids as the reflection of molecular rotations and the excluded volume effects
Creators: name: Bulavin, L. A.
name: Kulinskii, V. L.
name: Malomuzh, N. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The behavior of the diameter of the coexistence curve in terms of the entropy and the corresponding diameter are investigated. It is shown that the diameter of the coexistence curve in term of the entropy is sensitive to the change in the character of the rotational motion of the molecule in liquid phase which is governed by the short range correlations. The model of the compressible effective volume is proposed to describe the phase coexistence both in terms of the density and the entropy.
description: 22 pages, 8 figures, 3 Tables
A maximin characterization of the escape rate of nonexpansive mappings in metrically convex spaces
Creators: name: Gaubert, Stephane
name: Vigeral, Guillaume
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 47H09, 15A48

description: We establish a maximin characterisation of the linear escape rate of the orbits of a non-expansive mapping on a complete (hemi-)metric space, under a mild form of Busemann's non-positive curvature condition (we require a distinguished family of geodesics with a common origin to satisfy a convexity inequality). This characterisation, which involves horofunctions, generalises the Collatz-Wielandt characterisation of the spectral radius of a non-negative matrix. It yields as corollaries a theorem of Kohlberg and Neyman (1981), concerning non-expansive maps in Banach spaces, a variant of a Denjoy-Wolff type theorem of Karlsson (2001), together with a refinement of a theorem of Gunawardena and Walsh (2003), concerning order-preserving positively homogeneous self-maps of symmetric cones. An application to zero-sum stochastic games is also given.
description: 26 pages, 1 figure; v3: final version To appear in "Mathematical Proceedings of the Cambridge Philosophical Society"
Complete set of operational measures for the characterization of 3-qubit entanglement
Creators: name: de Vicente, J. I.
name: Carle, T.
name: Streitberger, C.
name: Kraus, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We characterize the entanglement contained in a pure three-qubit state via operational entanglement measures. To this end we derive a new decomposition for arbitrary 3-qubit states which is characterized by five parameters (up to local unitary operations). We show that these parameters are uniquely determined by bipartite entanglement measures. These quantities measure on the one hand the entanglement required to generate the state and on the other hand the entanglement contained in the state and have a clear physical meaning. Moreover, we show that the classification of states obtained in this way is strongly related to the one obtained when considering general local operations and classical communication.
description: 11 pages (including appendix), 1 figure; replaced with published version
Bear-Viewing Ecotourism in British Columbia: Ecological, Economic, and Social Perspectives Using a Case-Study Analysis of Knight Inlet Lodge, BC
Creators: name: Smith, Julian S.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2001

description: Following a worldwide pattern of rapid ecotourism growth, British Columbia's wildlife-viewing industry is poised to expand in the near future. Using a case study example of Knight Inlet Lodge, the province's first and to date only destination for viewing grizzly bears (Ursus arctos) in the wild, I examine three criteria for sustainability that may help determine the short- and long-term direction and success of this industry: economic viability, ecological sensitivity, and cultural appropriateness.
A high demand for ecotourism and wildlife viewing, both worldwide and in British Columbia in particular, is tempered by the potential economic pitfalls of ecotourism and the difficulties of calculating the value of viewed species and habitats. Nonetheless, an economic analysis of Knight Inlet Lodge and comparable locations in Alaska reveals a high demand and income potential for bear viewing in British Columbia.
Numerous studies have demonstrated the potential for ecotourism and wildlife viewing to have an adverse effect on the species and habitats on which they depend. A literature review reveals the numerous ways in which this can occur on different types of targets, including bears, but also suggests ways to minimize this impact.
Ecotourism's challenge of satisfying the needs and desires of both visitors and local communities, and ultimately enriching both in economic and cultural ways, begins with assembling baseline socioeconomic data. A survey of Knight Inlet Lodge guests, when compared to similar data on North American ecotourists and residents, indicates that visitors tend to be well-educated, financially secure, older, and concerned with the wellbeing of their natural surroundings and the animals they travel to view-both of which local communities tend to value highly as well.
Gravitational string-membrane hedgehog and internal structure of black holes
Creators: name: Kawai, Hikaru
name: Matsuo, Toshihiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate charged Nambu-Goto strings/membrane systems in the Einstein-Maxwell theory in 3+1 dimensions. We first construct a charged string hedgehog solution that has a single horizon and conical singularity. Then we examine a charged membrane system, and give a simple derivation of its self energy. We find that the membrane may form an extremal Reissner-Nordstrom black hole, but its interior is a flat spacetime. Finally by combining the charged strings and the membrane we construct black hole solutions that have no singularities inside the horizons. We study them in detail by varying the magnitude of the two parameters, namely, the charge times the membrane tension and the string tension. We also argue that the strings have, due to the large redshift inside the system, a fair amount of degrees of freedom that may explain the entropy of the corresponding black holes.
description: 22 pages, 13 figures, minor revisions, version published in PTP
Steroid-responsive Encephalopathy Associated with Autoimmune Thyroiditis (SREAT) Presenting with Pure Cerebellar Ataxia
Creators: name: Termsarasab, Pichet
name: Pitakpatapee, Yuvadee
name: Frucht, Steven J.
name: Srivanitchapoom, Prachaya
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Autoimmune thyroiditis
Ataxia
Movement disorders
Neurology

description: Background: Myoclonus and tremor are common movement disorder phenomenologies in steroid-responsive encephalopathy associated with autoimmune thyroiditis (SREAT). Pure ataxia without encephalopathy has rarely been reported.

Case report: We report 21- and 40-year-old females who presented with subacute pure ataxia without encephalopathy. After immunotherapies, both exhibited initial improvement of ataxia, and subsequently remained in plateau phase.

Discussion: This treatable disorder should be added to the differential diagnoses of progressive cerebellar ataxia, and anti-thyroid peroxidase and anti-thyroglobulin should be considered as part of the workup. It is crucial not to misdiagnose SREAT presenting with pure cerebellar ataxia as degenerative or spinocerebellar ataxia.
Ratchet transport and periodic structures in parameter space
Creators: name: Celestino, Alan
name: Manchein, Cesar
name: Albuquerque, Holokx A.
name: Beims, Marcus W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ratchet models are prominent candidates to describe the transport phenomenum in nature in the absence of external bias. This work analyzes the parameter space of a discrete ratchet model and gives direct connections between chaotic domains and a family of isoperiodic stable structures with the ratchet current. The isoperiodic structures appear along preferred direction in the parameter space giving a guide to follow the current, which usually increases inside the structures but is independent of the corresponding period. One of such structures has the shrimp-shaped form which is known to be an universal structure in the parameter space of dissipative systems. Currents in parameter space provide a direct measure of the momentum asymmetry of the multistable and chaotic attractors times the size of the corresponding basin of attraction. Transport structures are shown to exist in the parameter space of the Langevin equation with an external oscillating force.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
How common is preregistration in autism research:: Pre-Registration Appendium
Creators: name: Sedgewick, Felicity
name: Poole, Daniel
name: Hobson, Hannah
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Research Methods in Life Sciences
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Psychiatry and Psychology
subject: Life Sciences
subject: autism; pre-registration

description: As a follow up analysis we are planning to estimate the quality of the pre-registrations identified in the review.
Additional file 1 of Seeing Effort: Assessing Coaches' Prediction of the Number of Repetitions in Reserve Before Task-Failure
Creators: name: Emanuel, Aviv
name: Har-Nir, Itai
name: Obolski, Uri
name: Halperin, Israel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Comparisons between demographics of complete and missing data.
Rank Reduction for the Local Consistency Problem
Creators: name: Chen, Jianxin
name: Ji, Zhengfeng
name: Klyachko, Alexander
name: Kribs, David W.
name: Zeng, Bei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We address the problem of how simple a solution can be for a given quantum local consistency instance. More specifically, we investigate how small the rank of the global density operator can be if the local constraints are known to be compatible. We prove that any compatible local density operators can be satisfied by a low rank global density operator. Then we study both fermionic and bosonic versions of the N-representability problem as applications. After applying the channel-state duality, we prove that any compatible local channels can be obtained through a global quantum channel with small Kraus rank.
description: 6 pages, 0 figures. To appear in J.Math.Phys
Cuban Missile Crisis: Applying Strategic Culture to Gametheory
Creators: name: Carattini, Chelsea E.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2013

description: Game theory applied to political situations offers a unique approach to analyzing and understanding international relations. Yet the rigid structure that lends itself so well to mathematics is not practical in the real world. It lacks a built in mechanism for determining a player's preferences, which is a key part of an international "game" or situation. Strategic culture, another international relations theory, is quite the opposite. Critics claim it suffers from a lack of structure, but it captures the spirit of international actors and what makes them tick. This paper explores the idea of pairing the two otherwise unrelated theories to bolster both in the areas where they are lacking in order to provide a more complete understanding of international states' behavior and motivations.
Orthostatic Tremor is Responsive to Bilateral Thalamic Deep Brain Stimulation: Report of Two Cases Performed Asleep
Creators: name: Evidente, Virgilio Gerald H.
name: Baker, Zachary
name: Evidente, Maris H.
name: Garrett, Robin
name: Lambert, Margaret
name: Ponce, Francisco A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Movement disorders
subject: Brain stimulation--Therapeutic use
subject: Neurology
subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Background: Orthostatic tremor (OT) is a hyperkinetic movement disorder characterized by rapid tremor in the lower extremities or trunk upon standing.

Case Report: We report two patients presenting with OT, whose symptoms improved markedly following asleep bilateral thalamic deep brain stimulation (DBS) surgery.

Discussion: Medically refractory OT can respond favorably to asleep bilateral DBS surgery similar to awake surgery, and may have the advantages of less psychological trauma to the patient, shorter procedure times, and less exposure to anesthesia.
Studying design pattern formulation in the field of human-AI interaction
Creators: name: Tajaddini, Mani
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
subject: Computer Sciences
subject: Artificial Intelligence and Robotics
subject: hybrid-intelligence
subject: design pattern
subject: human-AI interaction

description: The aim of this research is to observe authors of projects while they are formulating design patterns in the field of human-AI interaction and understand the thought process of individuals reaching their particular design pattern. The participants will watch a video of a presentation about design patterns before coming to the session. At the session the participants will be asked to express their projects in the form of a design pattern. The participants will be asked to think out loud or discuss it with an other participant (of the same project) to create the design pattern. The session will be recorded. Afterwards parts of the video will be shown to the participants and they will be asked about their thought process while they were working on their design patterns.
Vanishing viscosity limit for a coupled Navier-Stokes/Allen-Cahn system
Creators: name: Zhao, Liyun
name: Guo, Boling
name: Huang, Haiyang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we study the vanishing viscosity limit for a coupled Navier-Stokes/Allen-Cahn system in a bounded domain. We first show the local existence of smooth solutions of the Euler/Allen-Cahn equations by modified Galerkin method. Then using the boundary layer function to deal with the mismatch of the boundary conditions between Navier-Stokes and Euler equations, and assuming that the energy dissipation for Navier-Stokes equation in the boundary layer goes to zero as the viscosity tends to zero, we prove that the solutions of the Navier-Stokes/Allen-Cahn system converge to that of the Euler/Allen-Cahn system in a proper small time interval. In addition, for strong solutions of the Navier-Stokes/Allen-Cahn system in 2D, the convergence rate is cν^{1/2}.
description: 19 pages
OPTIMUM BIKE FIT AND POSTURE EVALUATED FROM BIOMECHANICAL STANDPOINT IN PREVENTING NON TRAUMATIC INJURIES IN CYCLISTS:A REVIEW
Creators: name: Dr Sheetal Kalra
name: Miraj Mohammed
name: , Aparna
name: Dr Archana Khanna
name: Ajmera, Puneeta
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Sports Sciences
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences

description: According to literature 85% of cyclists experience overuse injuries throughout lifespan . 33 million people in the USA rode bicycles on average six days a month for more than an hour each . About 50% of injured cyclists suffer from overuse injuries to the anterior knee joint, such as chondromalacea . 46% of professional cyclists experienced low back pain, indicating that overuse injuries from cycling are not limited to the lower extremity . The design of a bicycle might alter a cyclist's posture, for instance, if the saddle height is low-ered, then angle between the tibia and the femur decreases, which may increase stress on knee and result in overuse problems . Changing the design of a bicycle, which results in a changed body posture on the bicycle, is a frequent method to lower the risk of overuse inju-ries . Further research is required on the best bicycle configuration to avoid overuse inju-ries. In order to illustrate potential gains and constraints of biomechanics used in cycling re-search, it is necessary to analyse existing standards for bike fit that attempt to avert overuse injuries. This review's objectives is to, assess the evidence for the efficacy of bike fit and its impact on cyclist’s posture in averting overuse injuries in cycling and to provide a sum-mary of research using a biomechanical approach to give evaluations of joint kinematics, kinetics, or muscle activity.
OPTIMUM BIKE FIT AND POSTURE EVALUATED FROM BIOMECHANICAL STANDPOINT IN PREVENTING NON TRAUMATIC INJURIES IN CYCLISTS:A scoping review
Creators: name: Dr Sheetal Kalra
name: Miraj Mohammed
name: Dr Archana Khanna
name: Ajmera, Puneeta
name: Gupta, Aparna
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Sports Sciences
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences

description: According to literature 85% of cyclists experience overuse injuries throughout lifespan (1) . 33 million people in the USA rode bicycles on average six days a month for more than an hour each (2). About 50% of injured cyclists suffer from overuse injuries to the anterior knee joint, such as chondromalacea (3). 46% of professional cyclists experienced low back pain, indicating that overuse injuries from cycling are not limited to the lower extremity (4). The design of a bicycle might alter a cyclist's posture, for instance, if the saddle height is low-ered, then angle between the tibia and the femur decreases, which may increase stress on knee and result in overuse problems (5). Changing the design of a bicycle, which results in a changed body posture on the bicycle, is a frequent method to lower the risk of overuse inju-ries (6). Further research is required on the best bicycle configuration to avoid overuse inju-ries. In order to illustrate potential gains and constraints of biomechanics used in cycling re-search, it is necessary to analyse existing standards for bike fit that attempt to avert overuse injuries. This review's objectives is to, assess the evidence for the efficacy of bike fit and its impact on cyclist’s posture in averting overuse injuries in cycling and to provide a sum-mary of research using a biomechanical approach to give evaluations of joint kinematics, kinetics, or muscle activity.
Structure, process and outcomes in emergency general surgery
Creators: name: DeGirolamo, Kristin
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Background: Dedicated emergency general surgery (EGS) services have been established across North America as a means to bring focus and quality to a large, complex and vulnerable surgical population. The emergence of these services represents a great opportunity to understand and improve emergency surgical care. Methods: This research programs applies a health systems structure/process/outcomes framework to the study of EGS services in Canada: 1. OUTCOME: A systematic review of the effects of an EGS service on patient and non-patient related outcomes 2. STRUCTURE: A national cross sectional study of structure and case mix on 14 EGS services 3. PROCESS: Detailed process mapping of a complex EGS condition Results: 1. OUTCOMES: Studies found increased daytime and decreased after-hours operating, improved patient transit from ED to OR to home, and decreased length of stay after implementation of an EGS service. The overall trend was higher more diverse case volumes, which improved resident education. Lower complication rates were noticed in the appendicitis and cholecystitis groups. 2. STRUCTURE: Canadian EGS services demonstrated variability in service organization and access to operating rooms. However, a national cross sectional study of EGS patients revealed that all services see diverse case mix and high complexity, and routinely make complex judgments about operative and non-operative care. 3. PROCESS: The processes of care for small bowel obstruction (SBO) patients from the time of presentation to the time of follow-up were highly elaborate and variable in terms of duration. Data visualization strategies were used to identify substantial variability in terms of time to CT scan and time to OR. Conclusions: The EGS model has been implemented worldwide, and has demonstrated an improvement in timeliness of care, decreased administrative costs, and improved trainee learning. EGS services are well-established in Canada, and poised to identify new opportunities for improved patient care. Process mapping has been successfully integrated into surgical specialties and provides insight into potential areas of performance improvement in EGS.
Proceedings of the Ninth International Meeting on Neuroacanthocytosis Syndromes
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Neurology
subject: Nervous system--Degeneration
subject: Nervous system--Diseases
subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: The 9th International Meeting on Neuroacanthocytosis Syndromes was held on March 23th–25th, 2018 in Dresden, Germany. The conference followed the tradition of the previous eight international symposia, the last of which was held in Ann Arbor, USA in May, 2016. Following the positive response to the previous meeting, a major component of this year’s symposium was the participation of patients, their families, and caregivers. The conference focused primarily on chorea-acanthocytosis as one of the “core” diseases of neuroacanthocytosis syndromes, with some discussion also of McLeod syndrome. These neurodegenerative diseases lead to chorea, epilepsy, cognitive and behavioral problems, and acanthocytosis of red blood cells. While chorea-acanthocytosis is caused by mutations in the VPS13A gene, other “VPS13opathies” (VPS13B-D) were also topic of the meeting.

At present there are no treatments that can halt or slow down the progression of these diseases. However, two pathways seem to be prominently involved in chorea-acanthocytosis – namely the PI3K (phosphoinositide 3-kinase) pathway and the Lyn kinase pathway – both of which are potential “druggable” targets. Model organisms including Dictyostelium, Drosophila, yeast, and mice, and human cell models were presented. Finally, clinical translation and clinical trial readiness in such a rare disease were extensively discussed.
Effect of Aquatic Immersion on Static Balance
Creators: name: Louder, Talin J.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2013

description: Objective To quantitatively assess measures of static balance and limits of stability (LOS) in an aquatic environment compared to on land. Methods Fifteen healthy, young adults (23 + or - 2 years) performed 90 s static balance trials on land and aquatic immersion at two different depths (greater trochanter, xiphoid process). Measures of 95% ellipse area and center of pressure (CoP) mean velocity were computed from the force data. Additionally, participants completed a visual analog scale (VAS) of perceived stability for each environmental condition. Following the static balance trials, participants performed anterior-posterior and medial-lateral LOS assessments. Results Significant differences in 95% ellipse area and CoP mean velocity were observed for the aquatic environments compared to on land (p < 0.05). VAS data revealed significant differences in perceived balance in an aquatic environment compared to on land (p < 0.05). LOS assessments revealed a significant difference in maximum CoP excursions in an aquatic environment compared to land (p < 0.05). Conclusion When participants performed a quiet double-leg stance task, measures of balance and perceived stability were inferior when the task was performed in water than on land. Additionally, participants achieved greater CoP maximum excursions in the water compared to on land. Although future research is needed to assess factors influencing balance in the water, the added instability in the water is clinically relevant. Results of this study further highlight the importance of considering the inclusion of aquatic training as part of a comprehensive training / rehabilitation program.
The covering radius problem for sets of perfect matchings
Creators: name: Ku, Cheng Yeaw
name: Aw, Alan J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05D40

description: Consider the family of all perfect matchings of the complete graph $K_{2n}$ with $2n$ vertices. Given any collection $\mathcal M$ of perfect matchings of size $s$, there exists a maximum number $f(n,x)$ such that if $s\leq f(n,x)$, then there exists a perfect matching that agrees with each perfect matching in $\mathcal M$ in at most $x-1$ edges. We use probabilistic arguments to give several lower bounds for $f(n,x)$. We also apply the Lovász local lemma to find a function $g(n,x)$ such that if each edge appears at most $g(n, x)$ times then there exists a perfect matching that agrees with each perfect matching in $\mathcal M$ in at most $x-1$ edges. This is an analogue of an extremal result vis-á-vis the covering radius of sets of permutations, which was studied by Cameron and Wanless (cf. \cite{cameron}), and Keevash and Ku (cf. \cite{ku}). We also conclude with a conjecture of a more general problem in hypergraph matchings.
description: 10 pages