cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Modernization of farm management practices: Experience from Japanese rice farming corporations
Creators: name: Kinoshita, Yukio
name: Kimura, Nobuo
name: Kinoshita, Yukio
name: Kimura, Nobuo
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: farm business
subject: farming corporations
subject: modernization of management
subject: structural equation model

description: While conventional family-owned and -operated farms remain the most common structure, the number of Japanese agricultural corporations has increased in recent years as a result of changing policies. Some of them are probably starting to adopt modern corporate management practices to remain viable in a more competitive environment. However, changes in the business structure have not always been accompanied by changes in farm management practices. This study represents a theoretical and empirical investigation into farm modernization practices to provide perspective and recommendations to enhance farm business. Various aspects of farm modernization were considered, including temporal, economic, and functional modernization. Critical elements of farm modernization were examined using a structural equation model of surveys, wherein questionnaires were delivered to 2,260 agricultural corporations across Japan in 2014 and 2016, generating 669 usable responses from rice farming corporations. Overall, these corporations demonstrated moderate degrees of modernization, indicating that they have not yet completely transitioned from conventional management styles to modern corporate management and that the farmhousehold complex system still exists for many of them. It was also found that farm modernization is significantly affected by both production and business management systems, although it was unclear whether a farmer’s managerial capabilities were critical for farm modernization. The findings of this study indicate that current farming corporations may benefit from incorporating additional modernization practices. The analytical framework and results will help farmers to better understand their management practices and can also be used to help anticipate future farm management challenges and provide ideas for policy development in many other Asian countries.
DC-transport in superconducting point contacts: a full counting statistics view
Creators: name: Cuevas, J. C.
name: Belzig, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a comprehensive theoretical analysis of the dc transport properties of superconducting point contacts. We determine the full counting statistics for these junctions, which allows us to calculate not only the current or the noise, but all the cumulants of the current distribution. We show how the knowledge of the statistics of charge transfer provides an unprecedented level of understanding of the different transport properties for a great variety of situations. We illustrate our results with the analysis of junctions between BCS superconductors, contacts between superconductors with pair-breaking mechanisms and short diffusive bridges. We also discuss the temperature dependence of the different cumulants and show the differences with normal contacts.
description: revtex4, 20 pages, 15 figures
Random walk algorithm for the Dirichlet problem for parabolic integro-differential equation
Creators: name: Deligiannidis, G.
name: Maurer, S.
name: Tretyakov, M. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65C30, 60H10, 35R09, 60H35, 60J75

description: We consider stochastic differential equations driven by a general Lévy processes (SDEs) with infinite activity and the related, via the Feynman-Kac formula, Dirichlet problem for parabolic integro-differential equation (PIDE). We approximate the solution of PIDE using a numerical method for the SDEs. The method is based on three ingredients: (i) we approximate small jumps by a diffusion; (ii) we use restricted jump-adaptive time-stepping; and (iii) between the jumps we exploit a weak Euler approximation. We prove weak convergence of the considered algorithm and present an in-depth analysis of how its error and computational cost depend on the jump activity level. Results of some numerical experiments, including pricing of barrier basket currency options, are presented.
Large scale benchmarking the prospective accuracy of protein-ligand free energy calculations
Creators: name: Hahn, David F.
name: Tresadern, Gary J.
name: Mobley, David L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: free energy calculations, binding, affinity, drug discovery, drug design, force field, molecular dynamics, FEP, force field development, benchmarking

description: This presentation was given at the German Conference on Cheminformatics, November 3 2020.

 Free energy simulations are rapidly becoming a key component to the drug design process to estimate the binding affinities of drug candidates to protein targets and prioritize syntheses. There have been significant efforts over the years to improve methods and parameters for free energy calculations. In particular, the Open Force Field initiative [1] develops tools and infrastructure to build high accuracy classical mechanics force fields. Benchmarking the performance of free energy calculations on real-world systems becomes critical so that users can have an idea of prospective accuracy of the calculations. We have curated a large set of around 20 targets and 600 ligands, which we used to evaluate the Open Force Field parameters. We ran alchemical relative free energy calculations using the non-equilibrium approach based on Gromacs as implemented in pmx tool. [2] We will present and analyze more than 1000 calculated relative free energies. The comparisons can be made with respect to other force fields such as GAFF and CGenFF. We share the learnings regarding force field parameters and other areas with the potential for improving free energy calculations. The performance of the Open Force Field parameters will be evaluated relative to experimental values and calculations with other force fields and methods. Literature:
 [1] The Open Force Field, https://openforcefield.org/, August 31, 2020.
 [2] Seeliger, D.; de Groot, B. L Biophysical Journal 2010, 98, 2309–2316; Gapsys, V.; Michielssens, S.; Seeliger, D.; de Groot, B. L. J. Comput. Chem. 2015, 36, 348–354; Gapsys, V.; Pérez-Benito, L.; Aldeghi, M.; Seeliger, D.; van Vlijmen, H.; Tresadern, G.; de Groot, B. L., Chem. Sci. 2020, 11, 1140–1152.
Critical Scaling Behaviors of Entanglement Spectra
Creators: name: Tang, Qicheng
name: Zhu, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the evolution of entanglement spectra under a global quantum quench from a short-range correlated state to the quantum critical point. Motivated by the conformal mapping, we find that the dynamical entanglement spectra demonstrate distinct finite-size scaling behaviors from the static case. As a prototypical example, we compute real-time dynamics of the entanglement spectra of a one-dimensional transverse-field Ising chain. Numerical simulation confirms that, the entanglement spectra scale with the subsystem size $l$ as $\sim l^{-1}$ for the dynamical equilibrium state, much faster than $\propto \log^{-1} l$ for the critical ground state. In particular, as a byproduct, the entanglement spectra at the long time limit faithfully gives universal tower structure of underlying Ising criticality, which shows the emergence of operator-state correspondence in the quantum dynamics.
Event-QA: A Dataset for Event-Centric Question Answering over Knowledge Graphs
Creators: name: Costa, Tarcísio Souza
name: Gottschalk, Simon
name: Demidova, Elena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Semantic Question Answering (QA) is a crucial technology to facilitate intuitive user access to semantic information stored in knowledge graphs. Whereas most of the existing QA systems and datasets focus on entity-centric questions, very little is known about these systems' performance in the context of events. As new event-centric knowledge graphs emerge, datasets for such questions gain importance. In this paper, we present the Event-QA dataset for answering event-centric questions over knowledge graphs. Event-QA contains 1000 semantic queries and the corresponding English, German and Portuguese verbalizations for EventKG - an event-centric knowledge graph with more than 970 thousand events.
description: (c) 2020 Copyright held by the authors. This is the author's version of the work. It is posted here for your personal use. Not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in the Proceedings of the 29th ACM International Conference on Information and Knowledge Management, https://doi.org/10.1145/3340531.3412760
Additional file 3 of Caveolin-2 is regulated by BRD4 and contributes to cell growth in pancreatic cancer
Creators: name: Jiao, Feng
name: Han, Ting
name: Cuncun Yuan
name: Yiyi Liang
name: Jiujie Cui
name: Zhuo, Meng
name: Liwei Wang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 3: Fig. S2. The diagram of gene oncology classification.
Supplementary Information from Modelling cultural systems and selective filters
Creators: name: Jansson, Fredrik
name: Aguilar, Elliot
name: Acerbi, Alberto
name: Enquist, Magnus
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 170299 Cognitive Science not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Formal definitions of cultural systems, measures and filters
Agricultural Production and Food Consumption in China: A Long-term Projection
Creators: name: Sheng, Yu
name: Song, Ligang
name: Sheng, Yu
name: Song, Ligang
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Partial Equilibrium Model
subject: Long-term Food Demand
subject: China Agrifood Production

description: This paper uses a multi-country and multi-product partial equilibrium model to forecast food supply and demand in China and its impact on food trade in 2050. The model endogenises shifting consumption preferences due to China’s demographic changes and real incomes growth caused by ongoing urbanisation and industrialisation. We show that total food demand in China is doubling by 2050 and its structure will shift towards more luxurious goods, away from necessities. While improved productivity growth will enable domestic production to rise, imports are still likely to play an important role in reducing the “quality” gap in future Chinese food demand.
Production of gluons in the classical field model for heavy ion collisions
Creators: name: Lappi, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The initial stages of relativistic heavy ion collisions are studied numerically in the framework of a 2+1 dimensional classical Yang-Mills theory. We calculate the energy and number densities and momentum spectra of the produced gluons. The model is also applied to non central collisions. The numerical results are discussed in the light of RHIC measurements of energy and multiplicity and other theoretical calculations. Some problems of the present approach are pointed out.
description: 9 pages, 11 figures, RevTeX; error in eq. (11) corrected, figures clarified, published in Phys. Rev. C
Pairwise Neural Machine Translation Evaluation
Creators: name: Guzman, Francisco
name: Joty, Shafiq
name: Marquez, Lluis
name: Nakov, Preslav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.7
subject: 68T50

description: We present a novel framework for machine translation evaluation using neural networks in a pairwise setting, where the goal is to select the better translation from a pair of hypotheses, given the reference translation. In this framework, lexical, syntactic and semantic information from the reference and the two hypotheses is compacted into relatively small distributed vector representations, and fed into a multi-layer neural network that models the interaction between each of the hypotheses and the reference, as well as between the two hypotheses. These compact representations are in turn based on word and sentence embeddings, which are learned using neural networks. The framework is flexible, allows for efficient learning and classification, and yields correlation with humans that rivals the state of the art.
description: machine translation evaluation, machine translation, pairwise ranking, learning to rank. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1710.02095
Universal finite-size scaling behavior and universal dynamical scaling behavior of absorbing phase transitions with a conserved field
Creators: name: Lubeck, S.
name: Heger, P. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze numerically three different models exhibiting an absorbing phase transition. We focus on the finite-size scaling as well as the dynamical scaling behavior. An accurate determination of several critical exponents allows to validate certain hyperscaling relations. Using this hyperscaling relations it is possible to express the avalanche exponents of a self-organized critical system in terms of the ordinary exponents of a continuous absorbing phase transition.
description: 12 pages, 14 figures, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. E
Task Supportive and Personalized Human-Large Language Model Interaction: A User Study
Creators: name: Wang, Ben
name: Liu, Jiqun
name: Karimnazarov, Jamshed
name: Thompson, Nicolas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Large language model (LLM) applications, such as ChatGPT, are a powerful tool for online information-seeking (IS) and problem-solving tasks. However, users still face challenges initializing and refining prompts, and their cognitive barriers and biased perceptions further impede task completion. These issues reflect broader challenges identified within the fields of IS and interactive information retrieval (IIR). To address these, our approach integrates task context and user perceptions into human-ChatGPT interactions through prompt engineering. We developed a ChatGPT-like platform integrated with supportive functions, including perception articulation, prompt suggestion, and conversation explanation. Our findings of a user study demonstrate that the supportive functions help users manage expectations, reduce cognitive loads, better refine prompts, and increase user engagement. This research enhances our comprehension of designing proactive and user-centric systems with LLMs. It offers insights into evaluating human-LLM interactions and emphasizes potential challenges for under served users.
Quantum critical point in the itinerant ferromagnet Ni$_{1-x}$Rh$_x$
Creators: name: Huang, C. -L.
name: Hallas, A. M.
name: Grube, K.
name: Kuntz, S.
name: Spiess, B.
name: Bayliff, K.
name: Besara, T.
name: Siegrist, T.
name: Cai, Y.
name: Beare, J.
name: Luke, G. M.
name: Morosan, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a chemical substitution-induced ferromagnetic quantum critical point in polycrystalline Ni$_{1-x}$Rh$_x$ alloys. Through magnetization and muon spin relaxation measurements, we show that the ferromagnetic ordering temperature is suppressed continuously to zero at $x_{crit} = 0.375$ while the magnetic volume fraction remains 100% up to $x_{crit}$, pointing to a second order transition. Non-Fermi liquid behavior is observed close to $x_{crit}$, where the electronic specific heat $C_{el}/T$ diverges logarithmically, while immediately above $x_{crit}$ the volume thermal expansion coefficient $α_{V}/T$ and the Grüneisen ratio $Γ= α_{V}/C_{el}$ both diverge logarithmically in the low temperature limit, further indication of a ferromagnetic quantum critical point in Ni$_{1-x}$Rh$_x$.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures
Note on the Khaneja Glaser Decomposition
Creators: name: Bullock, Stephen S
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, Vatan and Williams utilize a matrix decomposition of SU(2^n) introduced by Khaneja and Glaser to produce CNOT-efficient circuits for arbitrary three-qubit unitary evolutions. In this note, we place the Khaneja Glaser Decomposition (KGD) in context as a SU(2^n)=KAK decomposition by proving that its Cartan involution is type AIII, given n is greater than 2. The standard type AIII involution produces the Cosine-Sine Decomposition (CSD), a well-known decomposition in numerical linear algebra which may be computed using mature, stable algorithms. In the course of our proof that the KGD is type AIII, we further establish the following. Khaneja and Glaser allow for a particular degree of freedom, namely the choice of a commutative algebra a, in their construction. Let SWAP denote a swap between qubits 1 and n. Then for appropriate choice of a, the KGD by (SWAP v SWAP)=k1 a k2 may be recovered from a CSD by v = (SWAP k1 SWAP) (SWAP a SWAP) (SWAP k2 SWAP).
description: 3 pages, no figures, submitted to QIC; v2 more motivation, detail, references
Notolomatia subcaliga
Creators: name: Greathead, David J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2006
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Bombyliidae
Notolomatia
Notolomatia subcaliga

description: Notolomatia subcaliga (Hesse)
 Lomatia subcaliga Hesse, 1956: 198.
 Distribution. Namibia *, Zimbabwe.
 Material examined. 1♀, c. 13 km east of Okongwati, Opuwa rd, 17°31’S 13°22’E, 24.iii.2004, F.W. & S.K. Gess, visiting white fls Limeum myosotis H. Walter, Molluginaceae, 03/04/240 (AMGS).
 Notes. Described from a single female from Bulawayo. Hesse (1956) considered that it might be the female of N. melanthia (Hesse) described, inter alia, from the same locality.
description: Published as part of Greathead, David J., 2006, New records of Namibian Bombyliidae (Diptera), with notes on some genera and descriptions of new species, pp. 1-88 in Zootaxa 1149 (1) on page 63, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1149.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5058081
Characterising a solid state qubit via environmental noise
Creators: name: Ralph, J. F.
name: Clark, T. D.
name: Everitt, M. J.
name: Prance, H.
name: Stiffell, P.
name: Prance, R. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a method for characterising the energy level structure of a solid-state qubit by monitoring the noise level in its environment. We consider a model persistent-current qubit in a lossy resevoir and demonstrate that the noise in a classical bias field is a sensitive function of the applied field.
description: 3 Figures
Spaces for Witness : Designing for the Post-Extractive Archipelago
Creators: name: Winters, Celia
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2019

description: This graduate project analyses the discarded and aging industrial infrastructure of conventional oil and gas wells embedded throughout the North American urban and rural landscapes. The intent of this research aims to explore how design can contribute to the expansion of spatial interventions and environmental justice in these critical landscapes through speculation and provocation. There are two fundamental goals of this design project: Raising awareness of the aging and abandoned oil and gas well infrastructure and their negative impacts. Creating interventions that could explore, provocate, and perhaps mitigate the ongoing adverse affects on the landscape and people.
Hadron formation and attenuation in deep inelastic lepton scattering off nuclei
Creators: name: Falter, T.
name: Cassing, W.
name: Gallmeister, K.
name: Mosel, U.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate hadron formation in deep inelastic lepton scattering on N, Kr and Xe nuclei in the kinematic regime of the HERMES experiment. The elementary electron-nucleon interaction is described within the event generator PYTHIA while a full coupled-channel treatment of the final state interactions is included by means of a BUU transport model. We find a good agreement with the measured charged hadron multiplicity ratio $R_M^h$ for N and Kr targets by accounting for the deceleration and absorption of the primarily produced particles as well as for the creation of secondary hadrons in the final state interactions.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures; revised and extended version, accepted for publication in Phys. Lett. B
title: Resistance to Powdery Mildew in Wheat Mutants
Creators: name: Duggal, Vivek
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 1999

description: Suppressors of resistance genes have been reported to exist in hexaploid wheat signifying that the expression of resistance depends upon the genetic background of the plant. In 1982, ‘Hobbit sib’ hexaploid wheat, was irradiated with fast neutrons and a series of deletion mutants with increased adult plant resistance to rusts and mildew was identified. In the present study this deletion series was evaluated for mildew resistance at various growth stages to identify and characterise resistance. Two mutants, 13-54 and 13-48 were found to be significantly more resistant than the wild type at various adult and seedling growth stages with the resistance appearing to be fully activated at the seedling third leaf stage. The third leaves of these two mutants and ‘Hobbit sib’ were used for histological studies, to determine the rate of fungal hyphae development. There were no differences in the rate of spore germination and hyphal development during the first 12 hours after inoculation (hai) but by 18 and 24 hai both the mutants had on average a slower rate of hyphal development. This demonstrates that resistance is initially expressed at the pre-haustorial or hyphal penetration stage in the two mutants. By 72 hai, there were significant differences between the proportion of germinating spores forming haustoria in the three genotypes. Large differences in the colony sizes for one mutant compared to Hobbit sib were detected indicating the possible role of post-haustorial resistance also. To study the association of various pathogenesis related (PR) proteins with this resistance, RNA from the uninfected third leaf of the mutants and ‘Hobbit sib’, was extracted and hybridised with cDNA probes of two PR proteins; PR1 and thaumatin like (TL). The expected sized mRNA transcript bands were detected for PR-1 and TL proteins in the two resistant mutants only. The results suggested that the constitutive over-expression of PR-1 and TL might be contributing to the resistance of 13-48 and 13-54.
Non-integrability of charged three-body problem
Creators: name: Przybylska, Maria
name: Maciejewski, Andrzej J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the problem of $n$ points with positive masses interacting pairwise with forces inversely proportional to the distance between them. In particular, it is the classical gravitational, Coulomb or photo-gravitational $n$-body problem. Under this general form of interaction, we investigate the integrability problem of three bodies. We show that the system is not integrable except in one case when two among three interaction constants vanish. In our investigation, we used the Morales-Ramis theorem concerning the integrability of a natural Hamiltonian system with a homogeneous potential and its generalization.
Additional file 2 of Caveolin-2 is regulated by BRD4 and contributes to cell growth in pancreatic cancer
Creators: name: Jiao, Feng
name: Han, Ting
name: Cuncun Yuan
name: Yiyi Liang
name: Jiujie Cui
name: Zhuo, Meng
name: Liwei Wang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2: Fig. S1. The diagram of gene oncology enrichment.
Age and chemical composition of the globular cluster NGC 6652
Creators: name: Sharina, M. E.
name: Shimansky, V. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of determination of the age, helium mass fraction (Y), metallicity ([Fe/H]), and abundances of the elements C, N, O, Na, Mg, Ca, Ti, C and Mn for the Galactic globular cluster NGC 6652. We use its medium-resolution integrated-light spectrum from the library of Schiavon and our population synthesis method to fulfill this task. We select the evolutionary isochrone and stellar mass function for our analysis, which provide the best approximation to the shapes and intensities of the observed Balmer line profiles. The determined elemental abundances, age and metallicity are characteristic of stellar populations in the Galactic Bulge.
description: 9 pages, 10 figures, 1 table. Publishes version
title: Sustainable Seawater Desalination – Evaluation & Analysis of Solar Power & Energy Storage Technologies in Combination with Seawater Desalination & Brine Treatment Applications
Creators: name: Shriem, Ali
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Sustainable Reverse Osmosis Seawater Desalination
subject: Concentrated Solar Power
subject: Photovoltaics
subject: Thermal Molten Salt Energy Storage
subject: Waste Brine Recycling
subject: Recovery
subject: Integrated Membrane Systems

description: Worldwide, more than 844 million people do not have access to clean drinking water. With climate change accelerating the global water crisis, more sustainable solutions are needed to combat rising water scarcity in regions like Middle East North Africa (MENA). Seawater desalination plants are one solution for this challenge.However, these plants continuously require high energy input to remove impurities and also produces large volumes of waste brine which is typically discharged into the ocean,contributing to marine pollution. The first objective of the thesis is to explore how solar technologies can sustainably meet the high energy demands of seawater desalination while also considering overnight energy storage options for uninterrupted freshwater production. The second objective is to review the performance and cost capabilities ofwaste brine recovery technologies when applied to seawater desalination practices. The overall aim is to find sustainable and innovative solutions to reduce brine volumes,minimize marine pollution, and power seawater desalination with clean energy. Photovoltaics and concentrated solar power technologies were researched in depth for their energy performance and cost effectiveness in water-scarce regions. Both solar technologies were found to provide a competitive levelized cost of electricity compared to traditional fossil fuel energy sources. Several research projects were evaluated and found to produce similar or lower capital and operational costs than current fossil-fuel powered seawater desalination. To tackle the second objective, integrated membrane technologies were reviewed for their potential to recycle the waste brine from seawater desalination. The results found that integrated membranes can increase freshwater recovery percent ages and treats the remaining brine into crystal salts via nucleation using a membrane crystallizer. The crystals produced as a by product ofseawater desalination can be repurposed, recycled, and sold for additional economic benefits instead of disposal as waste into the ocean.Renewable energy systems can be combined with sustainable desalination applications to meet rising water demand, reduce the environmental pollution and increase the economic value of freshwater treatment plants
Rural Development Programs in Sierra Leon: Analysis, Issues and Implications
Creators: name: Gboku, Mathew L.S.
name: Gboku, Mathew L.S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1987
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development

description: This paper is premised on the assumption that approaches to tackle rural de­velopment are still relatively new in. Sierra Leone and sufficient time has not clasped for proper evaluation of the more recent efforts. The paper provides learning experiences about the nature, complexity and scale of our own problems that could be of relevance to rural development practitioners in other developing countries with similar conditions like those of Sierra Leone. The main focus of the paper is an analysis of the various development programmes that have attempted to tackle the innumerable rural problems in the country. In the re­maining parts of the paper, the author attempts to examine the successes, and outline the issues and implications for better execution of future rural development programmes
title: Quantifying harbour porpoise disturbance by offshore windfarm piling activities
Creators: name: Haelters, Jan
name: Vigin, Laurence
name: Degraer, Steven
Publisher: name: ASC 2012 - Theme session O
Year: 2024
Subjects: Technologies and data
Pressures, impacts, conservation, and management

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.The impact of pile driving on marine mammals is one of the major environmental concerns in offshore windfarm construction. We assessed the impact of pile driving on the spatiotemporal distribution of harbour porpoises during the season of maximum abundance in Belgian waters. We combined data collected by a small number of passive acoustic monitoring (PAM) devices, moored inside and outside the project area, and five standardized aerial surveys, covering the Belgian part of the North Sea (±3600 km²). The combination and integration of both techniques proved very useful as PAM results in low spatial but high temporal resolution data, while aerial surveys have a complementary low temporal but high spatial resolution. Just before construction activities started, aerial surveys yielded an estimate of 2.5 harbour porpoises per km², while after the start of the construction (piling) activities density estimates had decreased to 1.3 animals per km². Although a decreasing density towards the end of April in Belgian waters should be considered as normal (cf. seasonal migration), an obvious shift in spatial distribution between pre- and post-piling already suggested harbour porpoise disturbance. This pattern was further explored with PAM, which indeed showed a clear fine-scale match between PAM harbour porpoise detections and piling activities. PAM demonstrated that immediately upon the start of piling activities harbour porpoise detections fell to virtually zero, and that it took hours to days before new detections were made after the cessation of piling. Aerial surveys allowed us to quantify an impact radius of more than 20 km.
Zur Validität von ADHS-Diagnoseinstrumenten in einer ambulanten ADHS-Sprechstunde
Creators: name: Steinbrück, Jakob
Publisher: name: Universität Rostock
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences Medicine

description: In dieser Arbeit wurden vier gängige Diagnoseinstrumente untersucht, welche wiederum auf vier teilweise voneinander abweichenden Modellen zur ADHS beruhen. Vor diesem Hintergrund wurden Faktoranalysen durchgeführt mit dem Ziel, eine optimale Kombination von Testverfahren herauszustellen, um den testpsychologischen Aufwand zu verringern. Die Faktoranzahl des WRI könnte von 7 auf 6 reduziert und die der ADHS-SB und -DC von 3 auf 4 erweitert werden. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass eine Kombination aus WRI und ADHS-SB für die Diagnostik im klinischen Alltag zu empfehlen ist.
Session 6. Engagement with Local and Institutional History Initiatives: Recent Opportunities for the Archives at the University of Virginia
Creators: name: Bowden, Emily
name: Cavanaugh, Dan
name: Flaherty, Randi
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 2021

description: In recent years, interest in local and institutional history in the Charlottesville-Albemarle region has created new opportunities and challenges for archivists at the University of Virginia. This session will share work undertaken at the University of Virginia Claude Moore Health Sciences Library and Arthur J. Morris Law Library in response to these developments. The presentation will discuss the archivist’s role as an active researcher, scholarly collaborator, and exhibition curator, as well as ways in which local and institutional history initiatives have reshaped technical archival work in our repositories. The speakers hope that sharing these experiences with MARAC colleagues will prompt discussion about how archivists balance different roles to serve their institutions and local communities.
Nuclear incompressibility in the quasilocal density functional theory
Creators: name: Soubbotin, V. B.
name: Tselyaev, V. I.
name: Vinas, X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the ability of the recently established quasilocal density functional theory for describing the isoscalar giant monopole resonance. Within this theory we use the scaling approach and perform constrained calculations for obtaining the cubic and inverse energy weighted moments (sum rules) of the RPA strength. The meaning of the sum rule approach in this case is discussed. Numerical calculations are carried out using Gogny forces and an excellent agreement is found with HF + RPA results previously reported in literature. The nuclear matter compression modulus predicted in our model lies in the range 210-230 MeV which agrees with earlier findings. The information provided by the sum rule approach in the case of nuclei near the neutron drip line is also discussed.
description: 10 pages, LaTeX
A meta-analysis of the price and income elasticities of food demand
Creators: name: Femenia, Fabienne
name: Femenia, Fabienne
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: elasticities
subject: estimation
subject: food demand
subject: meta-analysis

description: Food demand elasticities are crucial parameters in the calibration of simulation models used to assess the impacts of political reforms or to analyse long-term projections, notably in agricultural sectors. Numerous estimates of these parameters are now available in the economic literature. The main objectives of this work are twofold: we seek first to identify general patterns characterizing the demand elasticities of food products and second to identify the main sources of heterogeneity between the elasticity estimates available in the literature. To achieve these objectives, we conduct a broad literature review of food demand elasticity estimates and perform a meta-regression analysis. Our results reveal the important impacts of income levels on income and price elasticities both at the country (gross domestic product-GDP) and household levels: the higher the income is, the lower the level of elasticities. Food demand responses to changes in income and prices appear to follow different patterns depending on the global regions involved apart from any income level consideration. From a methodological viewpoint, the functional forms used to represent food demand are found to significantly affect elasticity estimates. This result sheds light on the importance of the specification of demand functions, and particularly of their flexibility, in simulation models.
UV Constraints on Massive Spinning Particles: Lessons from the Gravitino
Creators: name: Melville, Scott
name: Roest, Diederik
name: Stefanyszyn, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Self-interacting massive particles with spin $\geq 1$ unavoidably violate unitarity; the question is at what scale. For spin-$1$ the strong coupling scale (at which perturbative unitarity is lost) cannot be raised by any finite tuning of the interactions, while for spin-$2$ there exists a special tuning of the Wilson coefficients which can raise this scale (and enjoys numerous special properties such as ghost-freedom). Here, we fill in the missing piece by describing how the self-interactions of a massive spin-$3/2$ field, or "massive gravitino", become strongly coupled at high energies. We show that while several different structures appear in the leading order potential, the strong coupling scale cannot be raised (in the absence of additional fields). At the level of the off-shell Lagrangian, it is always the non-linear symmetries of the longitudinal Stuckelberg mode that dictate the strong coupling, and we show that in general it is only possible to parametrically raise the strong coupling scale if Wess-Zumino structures exist. We complement this off-shell approach with a first analysis of positivity bounds for a massive spin-$3/2$ particle, showing that any potential self-interaction which contributes to an on-shell 2-to-2 elastic process at tree level must vanish if this low-energy theory is to have a standard UV completion. We identify the mixing between the longitudinal mode and the transverse modes as the main obstacle to positivity, and clarify how the non-Abelian nature of non-linear (dRGT) massive gravity allows it to satisfy positivity where all known spin $\geq 3/2$ Abelian theories fail. Our results imply that a massive gravitino cannot appear alone in a controlled EFT---it must be accompanied by other particles, e.g.~as part of a supermultiplet. Together with the spin-$1$ and spin-$2$ cases, we suggest features which will persist in even higher spin massive theories.
Additional file 1 of Caveolin-2 is regulated by BRD4 and contributes to cell growth in pancreatic cancer
Creators: name: Jiao, Feng
name: Han, Ting
name: Cuncun Yuan
name: Yiyi Liang
name: Jiujie Cui
name: Zhuo, Meng
name: Liwei Wang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Detailed clinical information and follow-up data of 76 patients with PC. Table S2. The primer sequence of BRD4, CAV-2 and GAPDH. Table S3. The ChIP primer sequence of CAV-2. Table S4. Differentially expressed genes following BRD4 knockdown.
VVV-WIT-01: highly obscured classical nova or protostellar collision?
Creators: name: Lucas, P. W.
name: Minniti, D.
name: Kamble, A.
name: Kaplan, D. L.
name: Cross, N.
name: Dekany, I.
name: Ivanov, V. D.
name: Kurtev, R.
name: Saito, R. K.
name: Smith, L. C.
name: Catelan, M.
name: Masetti, N.
name: Toledo, I.
name: Hempel, M.
name: Thompson, M. A.
name: Peña, C. Contreras
name: Forbrich, J.
name: Krause, M.
name: Dale, J.
name: Borissova, J.
name: Emerson, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A search of the first Data Release of the VISTA Variables in the Via Lactea (VVV) Survey discovered the exceptionally red transient VVV-WIT-01 ($H-K_s=5.2$). It peaked before March 2010, then faded by $\sim$9.5 mag over the following two years. The 1.6--22 $μ$m spectral energy distribution in March 2010 was well fit by a highly obscured black body with $T \sim 1000$ K and $A_{K_s} \sim 6.6$ mag. The source is projected against the Infrared Dark Cloud (IRDC) SDC G331.062$-$0.294. The chance projection probability is small for any single event ($p \approx 0.01$ to 0.02) which suggests a physical association, e.g. a collision between low mass protostars. However, black body emission at $T \sim 1000$ K is common in classical novae (especially CO novae) at the infrared peak in the light curve, due to condensation of dust $\sim$30--60 days after the explosion. Radio follow up with the Australia Telescope Compact Array (ATCA) detected a fading continuum source with properties consistent with a classical nova but probably inconsistent with colliding protostars. Considering all VVV transients that could have been projected against a catalogued IRDC raises the probability of a chance association to $p=0.13$ to 0.24. After weighing several options, it appears likely that VVV-WIT-01 was a classical nova event located behind an IRDC.
description: 13 pages, 7 figures. Accepted by MNRAS
A comprehensive study of neutrino spin-flavour conversion in supernovae and the neutrino mass hierarchy
Creators: name: Ando, Shin'ichiro
name: Sato, Katsuhiko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Resonant spin-flavour (RSF) conversions of supernova neutrinos, which is induced by the interaction between the nonzero neutrino magnetic moment and supernova magnetic fields, are studied for both normal and inverted mass hierarchy. As the case for the pure matter-induced neutrino oscillation (Mikheyev--Smirnov--Wolfenstein (MSW) effect), we find that the RSF transitions are strongly dependent on the neutrino mass hierarchy as well as the value of $θ_{13}$. Flavour conversions are solved numerically for various neutrino parameter sets, with presupernova profile calculated by Woosley and Weaver. In particular, it is very interesting that the RSF-induced $ν_\rme\to\barν_\rme$ transition occurs, if the following conditions are all satisfied: the value of $μ_νB$ ($μ_ν$ is the neutrino magnetic moment, and $B$ is the magnetic field strength) is sufficiently strong, the neutrino mass hierarchy is inverted, and the value of $θ_{13}$ is large enough to induce adiabatic MSW resonance. In this case, the strong peak due to original $ν_\rme$ emitted from neutronization burst would exist in time profile of the neutrino events detected at the Super-Kamiokande detector. If this peak were observed in reality, it would provide fruitful information on the neutrino properties. On the other hand, characters of the neutrino spectra are also different between the neutrino models, but we find that there remains degeneracy among several models. Dependence on presupernova models is also discussed.
description: 23 pages, 11 figures, corrected minor typos, added references. Final version to appear in Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics
Approximate symmetries and conservation laws in topological insulators and associated $\mathbb{Z}$-invariants
Creators: name: Doll, Nora
name: Schulz-Baldes, Hermann
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Solid state systems with time reversal symmetry and/or particle-hole symmetry often only have $\mathbb{Z}_2$-valued strong invariants for which no general local formula is known. For physically relevant values of the parameters, there may exist approximate symmetries or almost conserved observables, such as the spin in a quantum spin Hall system with small Rashba coupling. It is shown in a general setting how this allows to define robust integer-valued strong invariants stemming from the complex theory, such as the spin Chern numbers, which modulo $2$ are equal to the $\mathbb{Z}_2$-invariants. Moreover, these integer invariants can be computed using twisted versions of the spectral localizer.
description: added references, minor improvements, appeared in Annals of Physics
title: The development of benthic communities on hard substrates within OWEZ, the first Dutch offshore wind farm
Creators: name: Bouma, S.
name: Lengkeek, W.
Publisher: name: ASC 2012 - Theme session O
Year: 2024
Subjects: Technologies and data
Pressures, impacts, conservation, and management

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.This study documents the development of a benthic reef community on the foundations of the first Dutch offshore wind farm in the first years after construction. The wind farm was built in 2006 and has been in operation since January 2007. The turbine monopile foundations and the rocks around the foundations that serve as scour protection, form a new hard substrate habitat in an environment previously dominated by soft sandy substrates. Five years after commissioning of the wind farm a total of 55 different taxa (including several nonindigenous species) were identified using video footage and samples collected by divers. The intertidal zone was characterised by a band of green algae, different species of barnacles, oysters and small blue mussels. In the subtidal zone, a patchy but generally thick layer of blue mussels was present to circa 10-12 m depth with associated species such as starfish, crabs and various polychaetes. At greater depth, benthic communities were dominated by small crustaceans, anemones and ringed tubularia. The most dominant species on the scour protection were plumose anemones, small crustaceans and the encrusting sea mat. Total densities of hard substrate species increased over the study period to circa 28,000 individuals per m2 on the monopiles and circa 2,500 individuals per m2 on the scour protection layers. Total biomasses varied between circa 450 and 1,400 g AFDW per m2. The new hard substrate communities can form a valuable food source for fish and bird species.