cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Arab Folksongs from Jordan.
Creators: name: Barghoti, Abdullatif Mahmud Abdullatif Isa
Publisher: name: School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London
Year: 1963

description: Jordan is rich in folksongs, and , so far as I know, no one has already made a systematic study of this subject, though some writers have written articles on one type of song or another. In this thesis I have aimed at carrying out a general study of folksongs. I have done my best to produce an Arabic text which represents the most important if not every type of folksong. This study required a prolonged research work, a deep thought and a frequent sifting operation that lasted for a period of four years. The result has been rewarding: an Arabic text of 344 quarto pages , a full glossary and an English systematic study in which I have tried to cover the linguistic , artistic and social aspects of these songs. On the linguistic and artistic sides, I have tried to find the metres in the various songs and to assess how far they imitate the classical example. My conclusions have been that almost all the classical metres are employed either in full, majzu' or mashtur form in addition to other metres not known to classical Arabic. The chapter dealing with rhyme , rhetoric and themes, has further demonstrated how strong a relation there is between these folksongs and classical poetry. In the chapter on the social value of these songs, I have tried to trace the more important customs, activities and practices that characterise the life of the Jordanian people in general and country dwellers in particular. This is a wide subject which is worthy of a more extensive and specialised study. I thought it necessary to end the English part of the thesis with a word on Nimr al-'Udwan and Hilaiwuh al Kufr-Ini. Of Nimr's poems, I have collected only 54 but I believe that others are still extant and that their composer is worthy of a whole thesis devoted to him and to his verses.
Precision magnetometry exploiting excited state quantum phase transitions
Creators: name: Wang, Qian
name: Marzolino, Ugo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Critical behaviour in phase transitions is a resource for enhanced precision metrology. The reason is that the function, known as Fisher information, is superextensive at critical points, and, at the same time, quantifies performances of metrological protocols. Therefore, preparing metrological probes at phase transitions provides enhanced precision in measuring the transition control parameter. We focus on the Lipkin-Meshkov-Glick model that exhibits excited state quantum phase transitions at different magnetic fields. Resting on the model spectral properties, we show broad peaks of the Fisher information, and propose efficient schemes for precision magnetometry. The Lipkin-Meshkov-Glick model was first introduced for superconductivity and for nuclear systems, and recently realised in several condensed matter platforms. The above metrological schemes can be also exploited to measure microscopic properties of systems able to simulate the Lipkin-Meshkov-Glick model.
Enhanced Robust Motion Control based on Unknown System Dynamics Estimator for Robot Manipulators
Creators: name: Jia, Xinyu
name: Yang, Jun
name: Lu, Kaixin
name: Pan, Yongping
name: Yu, Haoyong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: To achieve high-accuracy manipulation in the presence of unknown disturbances, we propose two novel efficient and robust motion control schemes for high-dimensional robot manipulators. Both controllers incorporate an unknown system dynamics estimator (USDE) to estimate disturbances without requiring acceleration signals and the inverse of inertia matrix. Then, based on the USDE framework, an adaptive-gain controller and a super-twisting sliding mode controller are designed to speed up the convergence of tracking errors and strengthen anti-perturbation ability. The former aims to enhance feedback portions through error-driven control gains, while the latter exploits finite-time convergence of discontinuous switching terms. We analyze the boundedness of control signals and the stability of the closed-loop system in theory, and conduct real hardware experiments on a robot manipulator with seven degrees of freedom (DoF). Experimental results verify the effectiveness and improved performance of the proposed controllers, and also show the feasibility of implementation on high-dimensional robots.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures, accepted by IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA) 2024
Empathy Level Alignment via Reinforcement Learning for Empathetic Response Generation
Creators: name: Ma, Hui
name: Zhang, Bo
name: Xu, Bo
name: Wang, Jian
name: Lin, Hongfei
name: Sun, Xiao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Empathetic response generation, aiming to understand the user's situation and feelings and respond empathically, is crucial in building human-like dialogue systems. Traditional approaches typically employ maximum likelihood estimation as the optimization objective during training, yet fail to align the empathy levels between generated and target responses. To this end, we propose an empathetic response generation framework using reinforcement learning (EmpRL). The framework develops an effective empathy reward function and generates empathetic responses by maximizing the expected reward through reinforcement learning. EmpRL utilizes the pre-trained T5 model as the generator and further fine-tunes it to initialize the policy. To align the empathy levels between generated and target responses within a given context, an empathy reward function containing three empathy communication mechanisms -- emotional reaction, interpretation, and exploration -- is constructed using pre-designed and pre-trained empathy identifiers. During reinforcement learning training, the proximal policy optimization algorithm is used to fine-tune the policy, enabling the generation of empathetic responses. Both automatic and human evaluations demonstrate that the proposed EmpRL framework significantly improves the quality of generated responses, enhances the similarity in empathy levels between generated and target responses, and produces empathetic responses covering both affective and cognitive aspects.
description: Accepted by IEEE Transactions on Affective Computing
title: Caste and Class in Pre-Muslim Bengal: Studies in Social History of Bengal.
Creators: name: Kundu, Narottam
Publisher: name: School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London
Year: 1963

description: This thesis aims at showing the development or social consciousness and social organisation of the Bengalis from the days of the Guptas to those of the Senas. It is divided into eight chapters: Chap. I. gives a short account of ancient geography of Bengal as well as traditional divisions of the Bengali classes and castes. Chap. II. outlines the Adisura legend find the proof on the original sources how it is false. Chap. III. narrates the factors for the growth of caste- syatem, examining thereby how far they are responsible for building up of this institution in Bengal. Chap. IV. describes Brahmin and non-Brahmin classes, their origin, centres of location and divisions among them. Chap. V. treats of caste in Beneal from the Guptas to the Senas. Chap. VI. gives a analysis of different kinds of marriage and of that among the royal families, as well as their subjects belonging to the different castes and classes. Chap. VII. traces the origin of Kulinism. Chap. VIII. summarises all the above chapters.
Combined_supplemental_materials-Chaiyasak_et_al - Carnivore Protoparvovirus-1 Associated With an Outbreak of Hemorrhagic Gastroenteritis in Small Indian Civets
Creators: name: Surangkanang Chaiyasak
name: Chutchai Piewbang
name: Wijit Banlunara
name: Somporn Techangamsuwan
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 111599 Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 70706 Veterinary Medicine
subject: FOS: Veterinary sciences

description: Combined_supplemental_materials-Chaiyasak_et_al for Carnivore Protoparvovirus-1 Associated With an Outbreak of Hemorrhagic Gastroenteritis in Small Indian Civets by Surangkanang Chaiyasak, Chutchai Piewbang, Wijit Banlunara and Somporn Techangamsuwan in Veterinary Pathology
Mixed Fair Division: A Survey
Creators: name: Liu, Shengxin
name: Lu, Xinhang
name: Suzuki, Mashbat
name: Walsh, Toby
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Fair division considers the allocation of scarce resources among agents in such a way that every agent gets a fair share. It is a fundamental problem in society and has received significant attention and rapid developments from the game theory and artificial intelligence communities in recent years. The majority of the fair division literature can be divided along at least two orthogonal directions: goods versus chores, and divisible versus indivisible resources. In this survey, besides describing the state of the art, we outline a number of interesting open questions and future directions in three mixed fair division settings: (i) indivisible goods and chores, (ii) divisible and indivisible goods (mixed goods), and (iii) indivisible goods with subsidy which can be viewed like a divisible good.
description: Appears in the 38th AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence (AAAI), Senior Member Presentation Track, 2024
title: The 'Ashura Ceremonies in Lebanon.
Creators: name: Gedeon, George Saropheme
Publisher: name: School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London
Year: 1963

description: The present thesis, in two volumes, attempts to convey an eye-witness description of the Ashara' Ceremonies in Lebanon, and an information about their recent development in the last half century. Volume One Chapter One deals with the general features of Shi'ite mourning in Muharram. It treats in detail: the abstinence, the signs of mourning on premises, in apparel and traditional foods, the special religious observances, and the common beliefs connected with Ashura. Chapter Two introduces the Ceremonies themselves and gives information about, their origin, background, growth, and practice. The main items of the ceremonies are: a. Street demonstrations with breast-beating and back scourging; b. Ta'zia Assemblies, both during and outside the 'Ashura season; c. Shabih in two divisions: the Miracle Play and head-wounding. Chapter Three deals with the substance of the ceremonies, namely the Dines, the Ta'zia address, and the shabil Miracle Play, (i.e. volume ii). Chapter lour describes the Ceremonies as actually performed, this, in four typical scenes: the Tasu'a' demonstrations, the 'Ashura Evening ta'zia, the recital of the Masra', and the presentation of the shabih Miracle Play. Chapter Five reviews the development of the Ceremonies in the last half century, with regard to the Reform Camaign launched against them, and the Schools of thought arising as a result. Having assessed the present state of affairs as regards 'Ashura', the Chapter advances a few suggestions for the maintenance of the Ceremonies, then attempts a general forecast as to their future prospects. Volume Two Volume Two is the shabih play proper. It embodies "The Tragedy of Karbala" in five Acts, with an outline of the plot, a critique, and a report on the attitude of the main actors towards their parts. For comparison, it attempts a general criticism of a well-known English work on the subject, namely, Pelly: "The Miracle Play of Hassan and Husein.".
title: The Rise and Development of the Korean Kingdom of Koguryo, From the Earliest Times to A.D. 313.
Creators: name: Gardiner, K. H. J.
Publisher: name: School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London
Year: 1964

description: Information concerning the origin and early development of the mediaeval Korean kingdom of Koguryo is found in a variety of ancient sources, - brief accounts in the Chinese dynastic histories, occasional references in various other Chinese works, legendary material retold in Sino-Korean chronicles of the twelfth and thirteenth centuries, and a very few early inscriptions. So far, although much work has been done, notably by Japanese scholars from 1911 to the present day, in analysing individual aspects of this material or in examining particular sources no attempt has been made to write any kind of continuous history of the beginnings of Koguryo. The present study tries to remedy this deficiency, bringing together what is known or can be surmised concerning the early development of Koguryo until that kingdom succeeded in overrunning the last Chinese commanderies in Korea in 313 A.D. In the course of this synthesis, occupying chapters four to fifteen of the thesis, and dealing in roughly chronological order with various phases in the development of Koguryo, the ancient sources are compared and analysed, with the object of throwing new light on the early history of the kingdom. However, owing to the limitations of the available source material, it is still scarcely possible to do more than trace the changing relations of Koguryo with China; for other aspects of the early history of Koguryo - social, economic, cultural - nothing more can be done than to offer a few suggestions based on the rare indications of the Chinese sources. Three introductory chapters set the rise of Koguryo in perspective by listing the early sources and summarizing the historical background in Korea - the Chinese conquest of 108 B.C. and the establishment of the commaderies. These factors must inevitably be taken into consideration in any account of early Koguryo, which grew in power as the commanderies themselves declined.
title: The Hunas in India.
Creators: name: Ray, Atreyi
Publisher: name: School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London
Year: 1965

description: The history of the Hunas before their invasion of India, when they came in relation with China, Europe and Persia, is an extremely controversial and elaborate subject, and is not examined in full detail in this thesis, which is mainly related to the Hunas in India. We have given a short sketch of their origin and earlier history as our Introduction, in order to provide background knowledge. As the Huns in general comprised several nomadic hordes, apparently of divergent ethnic stocks, we need to decide which particular clan of the Great Hunnish tribe invaded India. The first chapter contains our attempt to solve this problem. We start the Huna invasion on India not with Toramana, but with his fore fathers, who made preliminary raids on the Indian borders and who suffered defeat at the hands of Skanda Gupta, In this second chapter we include the study of Toramapa's father Tunjima, who was given the title Pravarasena I, by Kalhana. The third and fourth chapters deal with the history of Toramana and Mihirakula respectively. We refute in these chapters the theory of their being indigenous kings, as some scholars believe. The fifth and sixth chapters comprise the history of the later Hunas, who were probably the descendants of Mihirakula, and who ruled in some parts of Kashmir and its adjacent provinces till the mediaeval period, when they gradually lost their identity. The sixth chapter also discusses the references to the Hunas in the inscriptions of the Rajput period. The seventh chapter studies the Hindu social laws which permitted the amalgamation of foreigners in Indian society. In this last chapter we discuss the problem of the origin of the Rajputs and try to establish how large a contribution was made by the Hunas and other foreign tribes like the Gurjaras to Rajput society. Finally we attempt to show some possible vestiges of the Hunas in Modern India. The work contains three appendices. Appendix I, is a study of the coins of the Huna kings. The Appendix II gives the background of northern Indian politics, in the 6th and 7th centuries, which may help the readers to understand better the history of the later Hunas. Appendix III consists of a discussion on the Yasovarman coins of Kashmir, which have long created much controversy. We conclude with a bibliography, which includes a select list of books and articles we have consulted in writing this thesis.
The ILD simulation model
Creators: name: Lu, Shaojun
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2016

description: ECFA- Linear Collider Workshop 2016 (May 30, 2016 - June 5, 2016), Santander, Spain, 30 May 2016 - 5 Jun 2016 ; (2016).
Superconducting nanowire diode
Creators: name: Zhang, Xiaofu
name: Huan, Qingchang
name: Ma, Ruoyan
name: Zhang, Xingyu
name: Huang, Jia
name: Liu, Xiaoyu
name: Peng, Wei
name: Li, Hao
name: Wang, Zhen
name: Xie, Xiaoming
name: You, Lixing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Semiconducting diode with nonreciprocal transport effect underlies the cornerstone of contemporary integrated circuits (ICs) technology. Due to isotropic superconducting properties and the lack of breaking of inversion symmetry for conventional s-wave superconductors, such a superconducting peer is absent. Recently, a series of superconducting structures, including superconducting superlattice and quantum-material-based superconducting Josephson junction, have exhibited a superconducting diode effect in terms of polarity-dependent critical current. However, due to complex structures, these composite systems are not able to construct large-scale integrated superconducting circuits. Here, we demonstrated the minimal superconducting electric component-superconducting nanowire-based diode with a nonreciprocal transport effect under a perpendicular magnetic field, in which the superconducting to normal metallic phase transition relies on the polarity and amplitude of the bias current. Our nanowire diodes can be reliably operated nearly at all temperatures below the critical temperature, and the rectification efficiency at 2 K can be more than 24%. Moreover, the superconducting nanowire diode is able to rectify both square wave and sine wave signals without any distortion. Combining the superconducting nanowire-based diodes and transistors, superconducting nanowires hold the possibility to construct novel low-dissipation superconducting ICs.
Plan de Gestión de Datos (PGD) Herramientas y servicios gestión datos de investigación
Creators: name: Cortés-Villegas, Rodrigo
name: Ulloa Arancibia, Agustin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Ciencia Abierta
Plan de Gestión de Datos

description: En esta presentación se exponen las vías hacia una Ciencia Abierta en la Universidad de Valparaíso en términos de infraestructura técnologica y Gestión de datos de investigación abiertos.

El proceso activo de manejo de los datos generados en una investigación, se realiza de forma continua y cubre todas las decisiones relacionadas con la gestión de los datos a lo largo de su ciclo vital (CEPAL 2020).

En Chile Si su investigación es financiada con recursos públicos deberá cumplir con la política de Acceso Abierto a la información científica y datos de investigación de la agencia nacional de investigación y desarrollo (ANID).
Axt_Supplemental_Material_rev – Supplemental material for The Psychological Appeal of Fake-News Attributions
Creators: name: Axt, Jordan R.
name: Landau, Mark J.
name: Kay, Aaron C.
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 110904 Neurology and Neuromuscular Diseases
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 170199 Psychology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: 110319 Psychiatry (incl. Psychotherapy)
subject: Neuroscience

description: Supplemental material, Axt_Supplemental_Material_rev for The Psychological Appeal of Fake-News Attributions by Jordan R. Axt, Mark J. Landau and Aaron C. Kay in Psychological Science
Prethermalization and conservation laws in quasi-periodically-driven quantum systems
Creators: name: Gallone, Matteo
name: Langella, Beatrice
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study conservation laws of a general class of quantum many-body systems subjected to an external time dependent quasi-periodic driving. {When the frequency of the driving is large enough or the strength of the driving is small enough, we prove a Nekhoroshev-type stability result: we show that the system exhibits a prethermal state for stretched exponentially long times in the perturbative parameter}. Moreover, we prove the quasi-conservation of the constants of motion of the unperturbed Hamiltonian and we analyze their physical meaning in examples of relevance to condensed matter and statistical physics.
description: 42 pages; 3 figures; equivalent to published version
title: The Practice of Female Infanticide in India and Its Suppression in the North-Western Provinces.
Creators: name: Panigrahi, Lalita Nath
Publisher: name: School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London
Year: 1965

description: This thesis is devoted to a study of Female Infanticide in India and its suppression in the North-Western Provinces in the nineteenth century. Unlike Sati, the practice was not sanctified by Hindu religion, yet as a social custom it prevailed among certain sections of Hindu society for centuries. Chapter I surveys in brief the origin and growth of the practice. Chapter II deals with its discovery by the British Government. Since infanticide was carried out in the privacy of the women's apartments, it was difficult to detect. It was therefore not surprising that the extent of the practice was only known by slow degrees. Chapter III traces the varying attitudes of British administrators and statesmen to the problem, and discusses the measures adopted for its eradication during the East India Company's rule in India. Roughly by 1856, it was known that the practice was extensively prevalent in the North-Western Provinces; to suppress it a special Act was enacted in 1870, after considerable discussion and deliberation. Chapter IV analyses the circumstances leading to the Act of 1870, and the last chapter examines its working and the beneficial effects that ensued from it. In their policy towards female infanticide, the British Government were guided purely by philanthropic and humanitarian aims. The roots of the evil lay deep in the institutions of caste and marriage. Although the British were not inclined to shake Hindu society to its roots, yet the measures adopted by the Government not only ensured protection to female infant life, but also indirectly helped in breaking up the caste-barriers among the clans and castes which formerly resorted to infanticide. (The practice had also given rise to social evils like kidnapping and sale of girls, prostitution and polyandry, apart from causing difficulties in the maintenance of law and order. To stamp out these evils, a century of incessant activity was necessary. In preparing this thesis, a wide range of published and unpublished material has been used. Chief reliance has been placed on the Official records of the British Government. Also some private papers of considerable importance to our study have been consulted.
Supplemental Material, Appendix_2020_0327 - Utility of Focus Groups in Retrospective Analysis of Conflict Contexts
Creators: name: Şule Yaylacı
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 111708 Health and Community Services
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 111099 Nursing not elsewhere classified
subject: 160807 Sociological Methodology and Research Methods
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Supplemental Material, Appendix_2020_0327 for Utility of Focus Groups in Retrospective Analysis of Conflict Contexts by Şule Yaylacı in International Journal of Qualitative Methods
sj-pdf-1-hsm-10.1177_0951484820931063 - Supplemental material for Case-mix for assessing primary care value (CPCV)
Creators: name: Gao, Jian
name: Moran, Eileen
name: Schwartz, Amy
name: Ruser, Christopher
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2020
Subjects: Health and Community Services
Public Health and Health Services not elsewhere classified

description: Supplemental material, sj-pdf-1-hsm-10.1177_0951484820931063 for Case-mix for assessing primary care value (CPCV) by Jian Gao, Eileen Moran, Amy Schwartz and Christopher Ruser in Health Services Management Research
Prediction of non-SUSY AdS conjecture on the lightest neutrino mass revisited
Creators: name: Nam, Cao H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the constraint of the non-SUSY AdS conjecture on the three-dimensional vacua obtained from the compactification of the Standard Model coupled to Einstein gravity on a circle where the three-dimensional components of the four-dimensional metric are general functions of both non-compact and compact coordinates. From studying the wavefunction profile of the three-dimensional metric in the compactified dimension, we find that the radius of the compactified dimension must be quantized. Consequently, the three-dimensional vacua are constrained by not only the non-SUSY AdS conjecture but also the quantization rule of the circle radius, leading to both upper and lower bounds for the mass of the lightest neutrino as $\sqrt{2}\leq m_ν/\sqrt{Λ_4}<\sqrt{3}$ where $Λ_4\simeq5.06\times10^{-84}$ GeV$^2$ is the observed cosmological constant. This means that the lightest neutrino should have a mass around $10^{-32}$ eV or it would be approximately massless. With this prediction, we reconstruct the light neutrino mass matrix that is fixed by the neutrino oscillation data and in terms of three new mixing angles and six new phases for both the normal ordering and inverted ordering. In the situation that the light neutrino mass matrix is Hermitian, we calculate its numerical value in the $3σ$ range.
description: 19 pages, 2 figures, 2 tables, new subsection III.A added, references added, published version
On the almost-palindromic width of free groups
Creators: name: Staiger, Manuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We answer a question of Bardakov (Kourovka Notebook, Problem 19.8) which asks for the existence of a pair of natural numbers $(c, m)$ with the property that every element in the free group on the two-element set $\{a, b\}$ can be represented as a concatenation of $c$, or fewer, $m$-almost-palindromes in letters $a^{\pm 1}, b^{\pm 1}$. Here, an $m$-almost-palindrome is a word which can be obtained from a palindrome by changing at most $m$ letters. We show that no such pair $(c, m)$ exists. In fact, we show that the analogous result holds for all non-abelian free groups.
description: 5 pages, no figures
Multi-species optically addressable spin defects in a van der Waals material
Creators: name: Scholten, Sam C.
name: Singh, Priya
name: Healey, Alexander J.
name: Robertson, Islay O.
name: Haim, Galya
name: Tan, Cheng
name: Broadway, David A.
name: Wang, Lan
name: Abe, Hiroshi
name: Ohshima, Takeshi
name: Kianinia, Mehran
name: Reineck, Philipp
name: Aharonovich, Igor
name: Tetienne, Jean-Philippe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Optically addressable spin defects hosted in two-dimensional van der Waals materials represent a new frontier for quantum technologies, promising to lead to a new class of ultrathin quantum sensors and simulators. Recently, hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) has been shown to host several types of optically addressable spin defects, thus offering a unique opportunity to simultaneously address and utilise various spin species in a single material. Here we demonstrate an interplay between two separate spin species within a single hBN crystal, namely $S=1$ boron vacancy defects and visible emitter spins. We unambiguously prove that the visible emitters are $S=\frac{1}{2}$ spins and further demonstrate room temperature coherent control and optical readout of both spin species. Importantly, by tuning the two spin species into resonance with each other, we observe cross-relaxation indicating strong inter-species dipolar coupling. We then demonstrate magnetic imaging using the $S=\frac{1}{2}$ defects, both under ambient and cryogenic conditions, and leverage their lack of intrinsic quantization axis to determine the anisotropic magnetic susceptibility of a test sample. Our results establish hBN as a versatile platform for quantum technologies in a van der Waals host at room temperature.
Computation of random time-shift distributions for stochastic population models
Creators: name: Morris, Dylan
name: Maclean, John
name: Black, Andrew J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60J80, 60J28, 60J22

description: Even in large systems, the effect of noise arising from when populations are initially small can persist to be measurable on the macroscale. A deterministic approximation to a stochastic model will fail to capture this effect, but it can be accurately approximated by including an additional random time-shift to the initial conditions. We present a efficient numerical method to compute this time-shift distribution for a large class of stochastic models. The method relies on differentiation of certain functional equations, which we show can be effectively automated by deriving rules for different types of model rates that arise commonly when mass-action mixing is assumed. Explicit computation of the time-shift distribution can be used to build a practical tool for the efficient generation of macroscopic trajectories of stochastic population models, without the need for costly stochastic simulations. Full code is provided to implement this and we demonstrate our method on an epidemic model and a model of within-host viral dynamics.
description: 46 pages, 10 figures
Optimal Bilinear Equalizer for Cell-Free Massive MIMO Systems over Correlated Rician Channels
Creators: name: Wang, Zhe
name: Zhang, Jiayi
name: Björnson, Emil
name: Niyato, Dusit
name: Ai, Bo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we explore the low-complexity optimal bilinear equalizer (OBE) combining scheme design for cell-free massive multiple-input multiple-output networks with spatially correlated Rician fading channels. We provide a spectral efficiency (SE) performance analysis framework for both the centralized and distributed processing schemes with bilinear equalizer (BE)-structure combining schemes applied. The BE-structured combining is a set of schemes that are constructed by the multiplications of channel statistics-based BE matrices and instantaneous channel estimates. Notably, we derive closed-form achievable SE expressions for centralized and distributed BE-structured combining schemes. We propose one centralized and two distributed OBE schemes: Centralized OBE (C-OBE), Distributed OBE based on Global channel statistics (DG-OBE), and Distributed OBE based on Local channel statistics (DL-OBE), which maximize their respective SE expressions. OBE matrices in these schemes are tailored based on varying levels of channel statistics. Notably, we obtain new and insightful closed-form results for the C-OBE, DG-OBE, and DL-OBE combining schemes. Numerical results demonstrate that the proposed OBE schemes can achieve excellent SE, even in scenarios with severe pilot contamination.
description: 16 pages, 10 figures. This paper has been accepted by IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing
Supplemental Material, sj-pdf-1-ahp-10.1177_0890117120931710 - Health Communication and the Arts in the United States: A Scoping Review
Creators: name: Sonke, Jill
name: Sams, Kelley
name: Morgan-Daniel, Jane
name: Schaefer, Nancy
name: Pesata, Virginia
name: Golden, Tasha
name: Stuckey, Heather
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 111799 Public Health and Health Services not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Supplemental Material, sj-pdf-1-ahp-10.1177_0890117120931710 for Health Communication and the Arts in the United States: A Scoping Review by Jill Sonke, Kelley Sams, Jane Morgan-Daniel, Nancy Schaefer, Virginia Pesata, Tasha Golden and Heather Stuckey in American Journal of Health Promotion
Learning Delays in Spiking Neural Networks using Dilated Convolutions with Learnable Spacings
Creators: name: Hammouamri, Ilyass
name: Khalfaoui-Hassani, Ismail
name: Masquelier, Timothée
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) are a promising research direction for building power-efficient information processing systems, especially for temporal tasks such as speech recognition. In SNNs, delays refer to the time needed for one spike to travel from one neuron to another. These delays matter because they influence the spike arrival times, and it is well-known that spiking neurons respond more strongly to coincident input spikes. More formally, it has been shown theoretically that plastic delays greatly increase the expressivity in SNNs. Yet, efficient algorithms to learn these delays have been lacking. Here, we propose a new discrete-time algorithm that addresses this issue in deep feedforward SNNs using backpropagation, in an offline manner. To simulate delays between consecutive layers, we use 1D convolutions across time. The kernels contain only a few non-zero weights - one per synapse - whose positions correspond to the delays. These positions are learned together with the weights using the recently proposed Dilated Convolution with Learnable Spacings (DCLS). We evaluated our method on three datasets: the Spiking Heidelberg Dataset (SHD), the Spiking Speech Commands (SSC) and its non-spiking version Google Speech Commands v0.02 (GSC) benchmarks, which require detecting temporal patterns. We used feedforward SNNs with two or three hidden fully connected layers, and vanilla leaky integrate-and-fire neurons. We showed that fixed random delays help and that learning them helps even more. Furthermore, our method outperformed the state-of-the-art in the three datasets without using recurrent connections and with substantially fewer parameters. Our work demonstrates the potential of delay learning in developing accurate and precise models for temporal data processing. Our code is based on PyTorch / SpikingJelly and available at: https://github.com/Thvnvtos/SNN-delays
ePIC Membership Policy v1.1 (Approved by Collaboration Council August 2024)
Creators: name: Antonioli, Pietro
name: Steinberg, Peter
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: epic-eic
policy

description: The ePIC Membership Policy, as presented to the Collaboration Council July 26, 2024 and endorsed by the Collaboration Council in August 2024.
title: Chittagong Port: A Study of Its Fortunes, 1892-1912.
Creators: name: Osmany, Shireen Hasan
Publisher: name: School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London
Year: 1978

description: This thesis on the study of the fortunes of the Port of Chittagong from 1892-1912, tries to analyse the forces which led to its growth and development during that period, as well as the factors that were responsible for preventing its further development. The trade of the port towards the beginning of the period under study was greatly hampered by the want of effective communications between it and its hinterland. The river Karnaphuli, on whose bank Chittagong stood, did not form a part of the river network that dissected the larger hinterland of Eastern Bengal and Assam. As a result, it was not till the construction of the Assam Bengal Railway that any significant development took place in the trade of the port. Chittagong port influenced the growth of this Railway, but the construction of the Railway determined the fortunes of the port still more decisively. While the port owed much of its physical facilities to the interest, resources and efforts of the Railway, many of the drawbacks under which the port operated can also be attributed to the policies of the Assam Bengal Railway. The partition of Bengal in 1905, was perhaps the single most important political factor that determined the fortunes of the port. The potentialities of Chittagong port were adduced as both an economic and administrativement argument for the partition. Partition, on the other hand, breathed a new life into the port in terms of finance and political and administrative attention. Trade facilities were greatly developed during the period under study, and with the construction of four jetties for ocean-going steamers, the trade of the port took on a new dimension. The annulment of the partition in 1912, however, left the port still uncompleted and stagnant till the next partition in 1947.
title: Protection and Politics in Bahrain 1969-1915.
Creators: name: Farah, Talal Toufic
Publisher: name: School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London
Year: 1979

description: The aim of this thesis is to show how and explain why the relationship between Britain and the Shaikhdom of Bahrain changed between 1869 and 1915 and how this changing relationship was expressed in legal form. The period from 1869 to 1915 was the formative period of the growth of British protection over Bahrain. 1869 was the year in which there began the long reign of Shaikh Isa b. Ali Al Khalifa. In 1915 the promulgation by the British Government of an Order in Council completed a series of pre-war diplomatic and legal arrangements which defined Britain's relationship with the shaikhdom. Chapter 1 of this thesis is introductory. It describes Bahrain and its political system, and shows the involvement of the Anglo-Indian diplomatic structure in the Gulf with Bahrain up to the accession of Shaikh Isa. Chapters 2 and 3 deal with Anglo-Bahraini relations in the period from 1869 to 1895, during which the Turkish presence on the Arabian mainland near Bahrain was a predominant factor affecting those relations. Chapter 2 deals with the period up to and including the signing of the Anglo-Bahraini Agreement of December 1880, and Chapter 3 with the period from 1881 to 1895. Chapter 4 is concerned with the period from 1896 to 1904, when various European Powers were showing a greatly increased interest in the Gulf, and when the British were searching for a way of putting their relationship with Bahrain on a different basis. Chapter 5 discusses certain disturbances which occurred in Bahrain in late 1904 and how the British reacted to them whilst Chapter 6 deals with the various British proposals for reform in Bahrain which were a sequel to the disturbances. Chapter 7 shows the evolution of the various diplomatic arrangements through which the British brought about changes which they desired in their relationship with Bahrain in the years preceding the First World War. It also discusses the practical operation of the British system of protection over Bahrain in the context of events in the Gulf region during the same years. Chapter 8 forms the conclusion.
Low temperature spin Seebeck effect in non-magnetic vanadium dioxide
Creators: name: Luo, Renjie
name: Legvold, Tanner J.
name: Chen, Liyang
name: Navarro, Henry
name: Basaran, Ali C.
name: Hong, Deshun
name: Liu, Changjiang
name: Bhattacharya, Anand
name: Schuller, Ivan K.
name: Natelson, Douglas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spin Seebeck effect (SSE) is sensitive to thermally driven magnetic excitations in magnetic insulators. Vanadium dioxide in its insulating low temperature phase is expected to lack magnetic degrees of freedom, as vanadium atoms are thought to form singlets upon dimerization of the vanadium chains. Instead, we find a paramagnetic SSE response in VO2 films that grows as the temperature decreases below 50 K. The field and temperature dependent SSE voltage is qualitatively consistent with a general model of paramagnetic SSE response and inconsistent with triplet spin transport. Quantitative estimates find a spin Seebeck coefficient comparable in magnitude to that observed in strongly magnetic materials. The microscopic nature of the magnetic excitations in VO2 requires further examination.
description: 30 pages, 16 figures
Measurement of the primary Lund jet plane density in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV
Creators: name: CMS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A measurement is presented of the primary Lund jet plane (LJP) density in inclusive jet production in proton-proton collisions. The analysis uses 138 fb$^{-1}$ of data collected by the CMS experiment at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV. The LJP, a representation of the phase space of emissions inside jets, is constructed using iterative jet declustering. The transverse momentum $k_\mathrm{T}$ and the splitting angle $ΔR$ of an emission relative to its emitter are measured at each step of the jet declustering process. The average density of emissions as function of $\ln(k_\mathrm{T}/$GeV) and $\ln(R/ΔR)$ is measured for jets with distance parameters $R$ = 0.4 or 0.8, transverse momentum $p_\mathrm{T}$ $\gt$ 700 GeV, and rapidity $\vert y\vert$ $\lt$ 1.7. The jet substructure is measured using the charged-particle tracks of the jet. The measured distributions, unfolded to the level of stable particles, are compared with theoretical predictions from simulations and with perturbative quantum chromodynamics calculations. Due to the ability of the LJP to factorize physical effects, these measurements can be used to improve different aspects of the physics modeling in event generators.
description: Replaced with the published version. Added the journal reference and the DOI. All the figures and tables can be found at http://cms-results.web.cern.ch/cms-results/public-results/publications/SMP-22-007 (CMS Public Pages)
Fixed energy solutions to the Euler-Lagrange equations of an indefinite Lagrangian with affine Noether charge
Creators: name: Caponio, Erasmo
name: Corona, Dario
name: Giambò, Roberto
name: Piccione, Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider an autonomous, indefinite Lagrangian admitting an infinitesimal symmetry whose associated Noether charge is linear in each tangent space. Our focus lies in investigating solutions to the Euler-Lagrange equations having fixed energy and that connect a given point to a flow line of the infinitesimal generator $K$. By utilizing the invariance of the Lagrangian under the flow of $K$, we simplify the problem into a two-point boundary problem. Consequently, we derive an equation that involves the differential of the ``arrival time'', seen as a functional on the infinite dimensional manifold of connecting paths satisfying the semi-holonomic constraint defined by the Noether charge. When the Lagrangian is positively homogeneous of degree two in the velocities, the resulting equation establishes a variational principle that extends the Fermat's principle in a stationary spacetime. Furthermore, we also analyze the scenario where the Noether charge is affine.
description: 36 pages; fully revised version: we show that the Lagrangians considered include a class of Lorentz-Finsler metrics which do not reduce to Lorentzian metrics; we added a new appendix where we deal with pseudocoercivity in connection with global hyperbolicity. To appear on Ann. Mat. Pura App
title: Contributions to the History of the Islamic Mint in the Middle Ages.
Creators: name: Ehrenkreutz, A. S.
Publisher: name: School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London
Year: 1952

description: This thesis is the first attempt of its kind to contribute to the history of the Cairo mint, a very important economic institution in the Ayyubid state organisation in the 13th century A.D. The detailed discussion of the subject is primarily based on entirely new material, drawn from an unpublished and hardly known Arabia manuscript, entitled 'Secrets of the Mint' and composed by Mansur ibn Ba'ra. The author of the thesis submitted the extremely difficult and corrupted text to a critical analysis which revealed that the treatise of ibn Ba'ra was written between A.D. 1218 - 1225 (A.H. 615 - 622 ).The interpretation of the invaluable material, contained in the manuscript, permitted the author to investigate all aspects of the mint of Cairo. Its administrative significance, its system of control, its internal org ganisation, its technical problems, finally its monetary issues and methods of production. The discussion is presented in the light of contemporary historical background, based both on textual and numismatic source material. It is preceded by an outline of the minting policy of the Arab Caliphatemand a more detailed summary of the history of mints in the Muslim Egypt down to the reign of al-Kamil (A.D. 1218 - 38).The author of the thesis also challenges present methods of presentation of numismatic catalogues, which, in his opinion, do not fully answer the requirements of modern historical research. A full copy of the manuscript of ibn Ba'ra, with its English paraphrase complete the scope of the thesis.