cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Stackelberg Routing in General Networks
Creators: name: Bonifaci, Vincenzo
name: Harks, Tobias
name: Schäfer, Guido
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: 510 Mathematik
subject: game theory
subject: selfish routing
subject: Stackelberg game

description: We investigate the impact of Stackelberg routing in network routing games. In this setting, a fraction alpha of the entire demand is first routed by a central authority, called the Stackelberg leader, while the remaining demand is then routed by selfish (nonatomic) players. The aim is to devise Stackelberg strategies, i.e., strategies to route the centrally controlled demand, so as to minimize the price of anarchy of the resulting flow. Although several advances have been made recently in proving that Stackelberg routing may in fact significantly reduce the price of anarchy for certain network topologies, it is still an open question whether this holds true in general. We answer this question negatively. We prove that the price of anarchy achievable via Stackelberg routing can be unbounded even for single-commodity networks. In light of this negative result, we consider bicriteria bounds. We develop an efficiently computable Stackelberg strategy that induces a flow whose cost is at most the cost of an optimal flow with respect to demands scaled by a factor of 1 + (1-alpha)^1/2. Thus, we obtain a smooth trade-off curve that scales between the absence of centralized control (doubling the demands is sufficient) and completely centralized control (no scaling is necessary). Finally, we analyze the effectiveness of a simple Stackelberg strategy, called SCALE, for polynomial latency functions. Our analysis is based on a general technique which is simple, yet powerful enough to obtain (almost) tight bounds for SCALE in general networks. For linear latency functions, we derive an upper bound that matches the current best one and show that this bound is tight. For general polynomial latency functions, we obtain upper bounds that improve all previously known ones.
Flux ramp modulation based MHz frequency-division dc-SQUID multiplexer
Creators: name: Richter, Daniel
name: Hoibl, Ludwig
name: Wolber, Thomas
name: Karcher, Nick
name: Fleischmann, Andreas
name: Enss, Christian
name: Weber, Marc
name: Sander, Oliver
name: Kempf, Sebastian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a MHz frequency-division dc-SQUID multiplexer that is based on flux ramp modulation and a series array of $N$ identical current-sensing dc-SQUIDs with tightly coupled input coil. By running a periodic, sawtooth-shaped current signal through an additional modulation coil being tightly, but non-uniformly coupled to the individual SQUIDs, the voltage drop across the array changes according to the superposition of the flux-to-voltage characteristics of the individual SQUIDs within each cycle of the modulation signal. In this mode of operation, an input signal injected in the input coil of one of the SQUIDs and being quasi-static within a time frame adds a constant flux offset and leads to a phase shift of the associated SQUID characteristics. The latter is inherently proportional to the input signal and can be inferred by channelizing and down-converting the sampled array output voltage. Using a prototype multiplexer as well as a self-developed high-speed readout electronics for real-time phase determination, we demonstrate the simultaneous readout of four signal sources with MHz bandwidth per channel.
description: The article has been submitted to Applied Physics Letters
THE NUSPLINGEN LITHOGRAPHIC LIMESTONE - A "FOSSIL LAGERSTAETTE" OF LATE KIMMERIDGIAN AGE FROM THE SWABIAN ALB (GERMANY)
Creators: name: DIETL, GERD
name: SCHWEIGERT, GÜNTER
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2004

description: A short overview is given on the actual excavations within a fossiliferous lithographic limestone site near Nusplingen (western Swabian Alb, SW Germany). In contrast to the better known Early Tithonian Solnhofen Lithographic Limestone, it is much richer in fossils and 0.5 my older (Late Kimmeridgian, Beckeri Zone, Ulmense Subzone). Many of the fossils exhibit an excellent preservation, sometimes even of the organic matter. More than 7.000 specimens have been recorded belonging to almost 300 taxa (plants, microfossils, invertebrates, ichnofossils, and vertebrates).
description: Rivista italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia, Vol 110, No 1
Over-density of SMGs in fields containing z~0.3 galaxies: magnification bias and the implications for studies of galaxy evolution
Creators: name: Dunne, Loretta
name: Bonavera, Laura
name: Gonzalez-Nuevo, Joaquin
name: Maddox, Stephen
name: Vlahakis, Catherine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a remarkable over-density of high-redshift submillimetre galaxies (SMG), 4-7 times the background, around a statistically complete sample of twelve 250-micron selected galaxies at z=0.35, which were targeted by ALMA in a study of gas tracers. This over-density is consistent with the effect of lensing by the halos hosting the target z=0.35 galaxies. The angular cross-correlation in this sample is consistent with statistical measures of this effect made using larger sub-mm samples. The magnitude of the over-density as a function of radial separation is consistent with intermediate scale lensing by halos of order 7x 10^{13} M_o, which should host one or possibly two bright galaxies and several smaller satellites. This is supported by observational evidence of interaction with satellites in four out of the six fields with SMG, and membership of a spectroscopically defined group for a fifth. We also investigate the impact of these SMG on the reported Herschel fluxes of the z=0.35 galaxies, as they produce significant contamination in the 350 and 500-micron Herschel bands. The higher than random incidence of these boosting events implies a significantly larger bias in the sub-mm colours of Herschel sources associated with z<0.7 galaxies than has previously been assumed, with f_boost = 1.13, 1.26, 1.44 at 250, 350 and 500-microns. This could have implications for studies of spectral energy distributions, source counts and luminosity functions based on Herschel samples at z=0.2-0.7.
description: 18 pages, MNRAS accepted
The Price of Anarchy of a Network Creation Game with Exponential Payoff
Creators: name: Baumann, Nadine
name: Stiller, Sebastian
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: 510 Mathematik
subject: graph process
subject: network analysis
subject: network creation game
subject: price of anarchy

description: Graph processes and network creation games help to understand the structure of real-world networks. Though these tools often fall short of a detailed modeling, their analysis elates by linking a simple and intuitive, creative principle to typical features of huge real-world networks. Several graph process based models have been proposed particularly in an economic context. We consider one which seems fundamental among these. We analyze a graph process (or network creation game) where the vertices as players can establish mutual relations between each other at a fixed price. Each vertex receives income from every other vertex, exponentially decreasing with their distance. To establish an edge, both players have to make a consent. We show that the process has a positive probability to cycle. We reduce the creation rule with payoff functions to graph theoretic criteria. Moreover, these criteria can be evaluated locally. This allows us to thoroughly reveal the structure of all stable states. In addition, the question for the price of anarchy can be reduced to counting the maximum number of edges of a stable graph. This together with a probabilistic argument allows to determine the price of anarchy precisely.
Building (1+1) holographic superconductors in the presence of non-linear Electrodynamics
Creators: name: Panotopoulos, Grigoris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the framework of the gauge/gravity duality, and in particular of the $AdS_3/CFT_2$ correspondence, we study one-dimensional superconductors analyzing the dual (1+2)-dimensional gravity in the presence of the Einstein-power-Maxwell non-linear Electrodynamics. In the probe limit we compute the critical temperature of the transition as a function of the mass of the scalar field. The computation is performed analytically employing the Rayleigh-Ritz variational principle. The comparison with a power Maxwell field in higher dimensions as well as with the (1+3)-dimensional Einstein-Maxwell theory for two-dimensional superconductors is made as well.
description: References added
Component properties and mutual orbit of binary main-belt comet 288P/(300163) 2006 VW139
Creators: name: Agarwal, Jessica
name: Kim, Yoonyoung
name: Jewitt, David
name: Mutchler, Max
name: Weaver, Harold
name: Larson, Stephen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The binary asteroid 288P/(300163) is unusual both for its combination of wide-separation and high mass ratio and for its comet-like activity. It is not currently known whether there is a causal connection between the activity and the unusual orbit or if instead the activity helped to overcome a strong detection bias against such sub-arcsecond systems. We aim to find observational constraints discriminating between possible formation scenarios and to characterise the physical properties of the system components. We measured the component separation and brightness using point spread function fitting to high-resolution Hubble Space Telescope/Wide Field Camera 3 images from 25 epochs between 2011 and 2020. We constrained component sizes and shapes from the photometry, and we fitted a Keplerian orbit to the separation as a function of time. Approximating the components A and B as prolate spheroids with semi-axis lengths a$
description: 39 pages, 7 figures, 2 tables, 3 appendices with 28 additional figures, accepted for publication in A&A
Clock-centric Serial Links for the Synchronization of Distributed Readout Systems
Creators: name: Calvet, Denis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Detector readout systems for medium to large scale physics experiments, and instruments in some other fields as well, are generally composed of multiple front-end digitizer boards distributed over a certain area. Often, this hardware has to be synchronized to a common reference clock with minimal skew and low jitter. Today's mainstream solutions to precise clock distribution and deterministic latency messaging rely on the capabilities of high speed serial transceivers (a.k.a. SerDes) embedded in modern Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs). An alternative option uses distinct clock and data links. This can potentially reach higher synchronization accuracy, at significant hardware expenses. This work reports some first steps to explore a third scheme for clock and synchronous message distribution. Like the standard approach, the same media is used to convey clock and data, but instead of using today's "data-centric" links where the recovered clock is only a by-product of a SerDes, this paper defines and investigates "clock-centric" links where, at the opposite, a clock is carried by the link, and synchronous data are embedded into it by a modulation technique. After defining the concepts and principles of data-centric links, experimental studies are presented. Finally, the merits and limitations of the proposed approach are discussed.
description: Presented at the virtual IEEE 22nd Real Time Conference, 12-23 October 2020. 11 pages, 20 figures
Neue Wege der Umsetzung ökumenischer Studienergebnisse
Creators: name: Haudel, Matthias
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 44 Nr. 2 (1995): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 44, Heft 2
title: Zephyros user manual
Creators: name: Robinson, APL
Publisher: name: Science and Technology Facilities Council
Year: 2014

description: The ZEPHYROS code is a 3D macroparticle based hybrid code for studying fast electron transport in dense plasmas. The code was developed by Dr.A.P.L.Robinson at the Central Laser Facility from 2009 onwards. The code is heavily based on the classic hybrid model for laser generated fast electron transport in dense plasmas that was originally worked on by J.R.Davies. Version 1.0 of ZEPHYROS is a single processor version of the code written in FORTRAN 90. In this manual we will primarily describe the use of the code via the input deck (readin.in). The following chapters of this manual thus detail the parameters in the input deck and their function.
Imagery, progressive muscle relaxation and restricted environmental stimulation: enhancing mental training and rowing ergometer performance through flotation REST
Creators: name: Richardson, Sean Oliver
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Examining flotation Restricted Environment Stimulation Technique (REST) as a performance enhancement tool in sport has produced positive results. However, earlier studies using flotation REST combined the technique with guided imagery, confounding the effect that REST-only might have on sport performance. Although more recent studies have examined the effects of flotation REST-only on athletic performance, they have only considered fine motor activities. The current study tested the effects of REST, without guided imagery, on rowing ergometer performance, a gross motor, endurance activity. Further more, the study attempted to ascertain why rowers might benefit from including a period of flotation in their training regime, and whether the flotation REST environment was better for mental training than a Progressive Muscle Relaxation (PMR) condition. Subjects (n=24) were male novice and varsity university rowers. Subjects were matched based on previous ergometer scores, imagery use, and imagery ability, and randomly assigned to either a flotation REST condition or a PMR condition. Both groups were exposed to six administrations of one condition over a 7-week period, during which time they completed three 2000-meter ergometer tests, were part of their required training schedule. Results showed a significant improvement in ergometer scores for the REST group, with no significant improvement for the PMR group. The imagery data suggest several alternative explanations for the effect of environment on mental training, while the physical training data suggest a possible link between flotation REST and recovery from physical fatigue.
Elicitation of verb paradigms from unpublished Goddard material
Creators: name: Parker, Verdena
name: Spence, Justin
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: hup

description: Audio file VP-120919-08: Verb paradigm elicitation based on unpublished material transcribed by P.E. Goddard (Bancroft Library CU-23.1 12.14.1, file 2184-12 (4).pdf)
Model-independently calibrating the luminosity correlations of gamma-ray bursts using deep learning
Creators: name: Tang, Li
name: Li, Xin
name: Lin, Hai-Nan
name: Liu, Liang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) detected at high redshift can be used to trace the Hubble diagram of the Universe. However, the distance calibration of GRBs is not as easily as that of type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia). For the calibrating method based on the empirical luminosity correlations, there is an underlying assumption that the correlations should be universal over the whole redshift range. In this paper, we investigate the possible redshift dependence of six luminosity correlations with a completely model-independent deep learning method. We construct a network combining the Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN) and the Bayesian Neural Networks (BNN), where RNN is used to reconstruct the distance-redshift relation by training the network with the Pantheon compilation, and BNN is used to calculate the uncertainty of the reconstruction. Using the reconstructed distance-redshift relation of Pantheon, we test the redshift dependence of six luminosity correlations by dividing the full GRB sample into two subsamples (low-$z$ and high-$z$ subsamples), and find that only the $E_p-E_γ$ relation has no evidence for redshift dependence. We use the $E_p-E_γ$ relation to calibrate GRBs, and the calibrated GRBs give tight constraint on the flat $Λ$CDM model, with the best-fitting parameter $Ω_{\rm M}$=0.307$^{+0.065}_{-0.073}$.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures
Construction of free differential algebras by extending Gröbner-Shirshov bases
Creators: name: Guo, Li
name: Li, Yunnan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 13Nxx, 12H05, 16S15, 16S10, 16W99

description: As a fundamental notion, the free differential algebra on a set is concretely constructed as the polynomial algebra on the differential variables. Such a construction is not known for the more general notion of the free differential algebra on an algebra, from the left adjoint functor of the forgetful functor from differential algebras to algebras, instead of sets. In this paper we show that generator-relation properties of a base algebra can be extended to the free differential algebra on this base algebra. More precisely, a Gröbner-Shirshov basis property of the base algebra can be extended to the free differential algebra on this base algebra, allowing a Poincaré-Birkhoff-Witt type basis for these more general free differential algebras. Examples are given as illustrations.
description: 23 pages, comments welcome
Solution of the system of two coupled first-order ODEs with second-degree polynomial right-hand sides
Creators: name: Calogero, Francesco
name: Payandeh, Farrin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Math archives

description: The explicit solution of the initial-values problem is exhibited of a subclass of the autonomous system of 2 coupled first-order ODE s with second-degree polynomial right-hand sides, hence featuring 12 a prior arbitrary (time-independent) coefficients. The solution is explicitly provided if the 12 coefficients are expressed by explicitly provided formulas in terms of 10 a prior arbitrary parameters; the inverse problem to express these 10 parameters in terms of the 12 coefficients is also explicitly solved, but it is found to imply as it were, a posterior that the 12 coefficients must then satisfy 4 algebraic constraints, which are explicitly exhibited.Special sub cases are also identified the general solutions of which are completely periodic with a period independent of the initial data, or are characterized by additional restrictions on the coefficients which identify particularly interesting models.
description: 17 Pages, Submitted to Mathematical Physics, Analysis and Geometry
Accretion Geometry in the Hard State of the Black-Hole X-Ray Binary MAXI J1820+070
Creators: name: Zdziarski, Andrzej A.
name: Dzielak, Marta A.
name: De Marco, Barbara
name: Szanecki, Michal
name: Niedzwiecki, Andrzej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study X-ray spectra from the outburst rise of the accreting black-hole binary MAXI J1820+070. We find that models having the disk inclinations within those of either the binary or the jet imply significant changes of the accretion disk inner radius during the luminous part of the hard spectral state, with that radius changing from $>$100 to $\sim$10 gravitational radii. The main trend is a decrease with the decreasing spectral hardness. Our analysis requires the accretion flow to be structured, with at least two components with different spectral slopes. The harder component dominates the bolometric luminosity and produces strong, narrow, X-ray reflection features. The softer component is responsible for the underlying broader reflection features. The data are compatible with the harder component having a large scale height, located downstream the disk truncation radius, and reflecting mostly from remote parts of the disk. The softer component forms a corona above the disk up to some transition radius. Our findings can explain the changes of the characteristic variability time scales, found in other works, as being driven by the changes of the disk characteristic radii.
description: ApJL, 909, L9 (2021)
"Volkszugehörigkeit und Nationalismus: Eine Herausforderung für die Kirchen"
Creators: name: Ahrens, Theodor
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 44 Nr. 2 (1995): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 44, Heft 2
Earliest Arrival Flows with Multiple Sources
Creators: name: Baumann, Nadine
name: Skutella, Martin
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: 510 Mathematik
subject: network flow
subject: flow over time
subject: earliest arrival flow
subject: evacuation problem

description: Earliest arrival flows capture the essence of evacuation planning. Given a network with capacities and transit times on the arcs, a subset of source nodes with supplies and a sink node, the task is to send the given supplies from the sources to the sink "as quickly as possible". The latter requirement is made more precise by the earliest arrival property which requires that the total amount of flow that has arrived at the sink is maximal for all points in time simultaneously. It is a classical result from the 1970s that, for the special case of a single source node, earliest arrival flows do exist and can be computed by essentially applying the Successive Shortest Path Algorithm for min-cost flow computations. While it has previously been observed that an earliest arrival flow still exists for multiple sources, the problem of computing one efficiently has been open for many years. We present an exact algorithm for this problem whose running time is strongly polynomial in the input plus output size of the problem.
The Cepheid Period-Luminosity Relation at Mid-Infrared Wavelengths: I. First-Epoch LMC Data
Creators: name: Freedman, Wendy L.
name: Madore, Barry F.
name: Rigby, Jane
name: Persson, S. E.
name: Sturch, Laura
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first mid-infrared Period-Luminosity (PL) relations for Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) Cepheids. Single-epoch observations of 70 Cepheids were extracted from Spitzer IRAC observations at 3.6, 4.5, 5.8 and 8.0 microns, serendipitously obtained during the SAGE (Surveying the Agents of a Galaxy's Evolution) imaging survey of the LMC. All four mid-infrared PL relations have nearly identical slopes over the period range 6 - 88 days, with a small scatter of only +/-0.16 mag independent of period for all four of these wavelengths. We emphasize that differential reddening is not contributing significantly to the observed scatter, given the nearly two orders of magnitude reduced sensitivity of the mid-IR to extinction compared to the optical. Future observations, filling in the light curves for these Cepheids, should noticeably reduce the residual scatter. These attributes alone suggest that mid-infrared PL relations will provide a practical means of significantly improving the accuracy of Cepheid distances to nearby galaxies.
description: 19 pages, 4 figures, 1 table, Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
NEW EFFORTS FOR A REVISION AND CORRELATION OF THE AMMONITE FAUNA OF THE NEUBURG FORMATION (TITHONIAN, SW GERMANY)
Creators: name: SCHWEIGERT, GÜNTER
name: SCHERZINGER, ARMIN
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2004

description: Ammonites collected bed-by-bed by the late K.W. Barthel allow a high biostratigraphic resolution of the succession of the Neuburg Formation (Unterhausen Member) into 2 regional Biochronozones (Ciliata Zone, Palmatus Zone) and 5 ammonite faunal horizons. The new finds are important for a revision of the taxa described in the monographs of Th. Schneid. The fauna consists of a Submediterranean stock of perisphinctids, together with some Tethyan and Subboreal faunal elements. Especially the co-occurring Tethyan immigrants Volanoceras schwertschlageri, Virgatosimoceras rothpletzi, and Richterella cf. richteri point to a correlation of basal parts of the Neuburg Formation with the Fallauxi Zone. In the younger faunal horizons the Tethyan influx strongly decreases, so that a direct correlation with the Tethyan standard zonation is impossible. Nevertheless, the ammonites of the younger horizons allow a correlation with the Subboreal zonal scheme.
description: Rivista italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia, Vol 110, No 1
A new approach to evaluate the elastic modulus of metallic foils
Creators: name: Trost, C. O. W.
name: Wurster, S.
name: Freitag, C.
name: Steinberger, A.
name: Cordill, M. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The accurate determination of the elastic properties is non-trivial for metallic foils. The measured elastic modulus is often described in literature as significantly smaller than the respective modulus of the bulk counterparts. This paper describes a straight forward way to minimize the influence of the measurement on the calculated values using a standard tensile testing device combined with a laser speckle extensometer and advanced data evaluation. The elasticmodulus obtained with a monotonic tensile procedure is compared to values obtained frommultiple loading unloading cycles in the elastic regime. The latter were found to lead to more reproducible and reasonable values with significantly smaller standard deviations. To enable interpretation of the modulus values electron backscatter diffraction and X ray diffraction were used to emphasize the effects of texture and microstructure. Two different electrodeposited copper foilswere characterized since copper iswidely used in many industrial applications.
Fundamental Schemes for Efficient Unconditionally Stable Implicit Finite-Difference Time-Domain Methods
Creators: name: Tan, Eng Leong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper presents the generalized formulations of fundamental schemes for efficient unconditionally stable implicit finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) methods. The fundamental schemes constitute a family of implicit schemes that feature similar fundamental updating structures, which are in simplest forms with most efficient right-hand sides. The formulations of fundamental schemes are presented in terms of generalized matrix operator equations pertaining to some classical splitting formulae, including those of alternating direction implicit, locally one-dimensional and split-step schemes. To provide further insights into the implications and significance of fundamental schemes, the analyses are also extended to many other schemes with distinctive splitting formulae. Detailed algorithms are described for new efficient implementations of the unconditionally stable implicit FDTD methods based on the fundamental schemes. A comparative study of various implicit schemes in their original and new implementations is carried out, which includes comparisons of their computation costs and efficiency gains.
Evaluating graphical manipulations in automatically laid out LineSets
Creators: name: Tranquille, Dominique
name: Gem Stapleton
name: Burton, Jim
name: Rodgers, Peter
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: This paper presents an empirical study to determine whether alterations to graphical features (colour and size) of automatically generated LineSets improve task performance. LineSets are used to visualise sets and networks. The increasingly common nature of such data suggests that having effective visualisations is important. Unlike many approaches to set and network visualisation, which often use concave or convex shapes to represent sets alongside graphs, LineSets use lines overlaid on a graph. LineSets have been shown to be advantageous over shape-based approaches. However, the graphical properties of LineSets have not been fully explored. Our results suggest that automatically drawn LineSets can be significantly improved for certain tasks through the considered use of colour alongside size variations applied to their graphical elements. In particular, we show that perceptually distinguishable colours, lines of varying width, and nodes of varying diameter lead to improved task performance in automatically laid-out LineSets.
THE RUSSIAN PLATFORM AS A KEY REGION FOR VOLGIAN/TITHONIAN CORRELATION: A REVIEW OF THE MEDITERRANEAN FAUNAL ELEMENTS AND AMMONITE BIOSTRATIGRAPHY OF THE VOLGIAN STAGE
Creators: name: A. ROGOV, MIKHAIL
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2004

description: A review of the ammonite faunas and biostratigraphy of the uppermost Kimmeridgian - lowermost Middle Volgian of Central Russia is presented. The major role of the Sub-mediterranean ammonites in the Volgian assemblages is described, providing additional detail to the existing scheme of Tithonian-Volgian correlations. The base of the Tithonian and the base of the Volgian are coincident, based on the association of Neochetoceras steraspis-Lingulaticeras solenoides. The Klimovi Zone corresponds to most of the Hybonotum Zone. However, the top of the Hybonotum Zone, based on the distribution of Paralingulaticeras, falls within the Sokolovi Zone. The allocation of a Tenuicostata Subzone (with two horizons: neoburgense and puschi) in the Pseudoscythica Zone is proven. The neoburgense horizon may be correlated with the ciliata and penicillatum horizons of Neuburg and, probably, with the Semiforme Zone. The findings of Lingulaticeras blaschkei, Pseudolissoceras, and Sutneria in the Panderi Zone of the Middle Tithonian suggest that the base of the Middle Volgian may not be younger than the Middle Tithonian Fallauxi Zone.
description: Rivista italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia, Vol 110, No 1
Bistable Clustering in Driven Granular Mixtures
Creators: name: Costantini, Giulio
name: Paolotti, Daniela
name: Cattuto, Ciro
name: Marconi, Umberto Marini Bettolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The behavior of a bidisperse inelastic gas vertically shaken in a compartmentalized container is investigated using two different approaches: the first is a mean-field dynamical model, which treats the number of particles in the two compartments and the associated kinetic temperatures in a self-consistent fashion; the second is an event-driven numerical simulation. Both approaches reveal a non-stationary regime, which has no counterpart in the case of monodisperse granular gases. Specifically, when the mass difference between the two species exceeds a certain threshold the populations display a bistable behavior, with particles of each species switching back and forth between compartments. The reason for such an unexpected behavior is attributed to the interplay of kinetic energy non-equipartition due to inelasticity with the energy redistribution induced by collisions. The mean-field model and numerical simulation are found to agree qualitatively.
description: 23 pages, 12 figures
Loop-box: Multi-Agent Direct SLAM Triggered by Single Loop Closure for Large-Scale Mapping
Creators: name: Bhutta, M Usman Maqbool
name: Kuse, Manohar
name: Fan, Rui
name: Liu, Yanan
name: Liu, Ming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we present a multi-agent framework for real-time large-scale 3D reconstruction applications. In SLAM, researchers usually build and update a 3D map after applying non-linear pose graph optimization techniques. Moreover, many multi-agent systems are prevalently using odometry information from additional sensors. These methods generally involve intensive computer vision algorithms and are tightly coupled with various sensors. We develop a generic method for the keychallenging scenarios in multi-agent 3D mapping based on different camera systems. The proposed framework performs actively in terms of localizing each agent after the first loop closure between them. It is shown that the proposed system only uses monocular cameras to yield real-time multi-agent large-scale localization and 3D global mapping. Based on the initial matching, our system can calculate the optimal scale difference between multiple 3D maps and then estimate an accurate relative pose transformation for large-scale global mapping.
description: Material related to this work is available at https://usmanmaqbool.github.io/loop-box
Online supplementary material: A novel TASK channel antagonist nasal spray reduces sleep apnea severity in physiological responders: A randomized, blinded, trial
Creators: name: Osman, Amal
name: Toson, Barbara
name: Naik, Ganesh R.
name: Mukherjee, Sutapa
name: Delbeck, Martina
name: Hahn, Michael
name: Muller, Thomas
name: Weimann, Gerrit
name: Eckert, Danny J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 321402
subject: Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics
classificationCode: 320899
subject: Medical physiology not elsewhere classified

description: Online supplementary materialBlocking potassium channels in the upper airway with a topical nasal spray has been identified in recent pre-clinical and clinical studies to increase pharyngeal dilator muscle activity and reduce upper airway collapsibility. However, prior to this study, whether this novel approach translates into reductions in sleep apnea severity during natural sleep and if so in whom was unknown. In this study, topical application of a novel and selective potassium channel blocker, BAY2586116, just prior to sleep did not systematically reduce sleep apnea severity but did in those who also had improvement in airway collapsibility with BAY2586116 and lowered morning blood pressure.
Re-transcription of texts told by Stella Jarnaghan
Creators: name: Parker, Verdena
name: Spence, Justin
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: hup

description: Audio files VP-120919-06 and VP-120919-07: Re-transcription and translation of texts told by Stella Jarnaghan to Mary Woodward in 1953, archived at the Survey of California and Other Indian Languages (Woodward.002.001), Text 14, pp. 36-38 (VP-120919-06) and pp. 38-39 (VP-120919-07).
Undulated cylinders of charged diblock copolymers
Creators: name: Grason, Gregory M.
name: Santangelo, Christian D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the cylinder to sphere morphological transition of diblock copolymers in aqueous solution with a hydrophobic block and a charged block. We find a metastable undulated cylinder configuration for a range of charge and salt concentrations which, nevertheless, occurs above the threshold where spheres are thermodynamically favorable. By modeling the shape of the cylinder ends, we find that the free energy barrier for the transition from cylinders to spheres is quite large and that this barrier falls significantly in the limit of high polymer charge and low solution salinity. This suggests that observed undulated cylinder phases are kinetically trapped structures.
Layer-by-layer assembly of multilayer optical lattices: Application to displaced dice lattice
Creators: name: Hao, Lei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose methods for synthesizing multilayer optical lattices of cold atoms in a layer-by-layer manner, to unlock the potential of optical lattices in simulating the fascinating physics of multilayer systems. Central to the approach is to compress the beam profile of a red-detuned Gaussian laser beam from disklike to a thin line by a telescope with two cylindrical lenses. A highly tunable multilayer optical lattice is obtained by passing the compressed Gaussian beam through an optical device consisting of beam splitters, mirrors, and glass plates. We illustrate the proposal with the displaced dice lattice, which is a trilayer lattice that maps to the dice lattice when projected to the same layer. Both the dice model and its interesting variants may be realized. For a model of fermionic cold atoms, featuring an isolated flat band between two dispersive bands, we find valley-contrasting interband transitions involving the flat band.
description: 20 pages, 5 figures
Approximating Minimum Multicuts by Evolutionary Multi-Objective Algorithms
Creators: name: Neumann, Frank
name: Reichel, Joachim
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: 510 Mathematik
subject: evolutionary algorithms
subject: minimum multicuts
subject: multi-objective optimization
subject: randomized search heuristics

description: It has been shown that simple evolutionary algorithms are able to solve the minimum cut problem in expected polynomial time when using a multi-objective model of the problem. In this paper, we generalize these ideas to the NP-hard minimum multicut problem. Given a set of k terminal pairs, we prove that evolutionary algorithms in combination with a multi-objective model of the problem are able to obtain a k-approximation for this problem in expected polynomial time.
Flows with Unit Path Capacities and Related Packing and Covering Problems
Creators: name: Martens, Maren
name: Skutella, Martin
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: 510 Mathematik
subject: network flows
subject: packing
subject: covering
subject: approximation

description: Since the seminal work of Ford and Fulkerson in the 1950s, network flow theory is one of the most important and most active areas of research in combinatorial optimization. Coming from the classical maximum flow problem, we introduce and study an apparently basic but new flow problem that features a couple of interesting peculiarities. We derive several results on the complexity and approximability of the new problem. On the way we also discover two closely related basic covering and packing problems that are of independent interest.
Initial Conditions for Massive Star Birth -- Infrared Dark Clouds
Creators: name: Menten, K. M.
name: Pillai, T.
name: Wyrowski, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We summarize the properties of Infrared Dark Clouds, massive, dense, and cool aggregations of interstellar gas and dust that are found througout the Galaxy in projection against the strong mid-infrared background. We describe their distribution and give an overview of their physical properties and chemistry. These objects appear to be the progenitors of high-mass stars and star clusters, but seem to be largely devoid of star formation, which however is taking place in localized spots.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures, invited review, to appear in the Proceedings of IAU Symposium 227, "Massive Star Birth - A Crossroads of Astrophysics", eds. R. Cesaroni, E. Churchwell, M. Felli, and C. M. Walmsley; replacement with minor textual corrections
Central elastic scattering
Creators: name: Troshin, S. M.
name: Tyurin, N. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We comment on phase selection of the scattering amplitude, emphasizing that the elastic overlap function should have a central impact parameter profile at high energies and highlighting the role of the reflective scattering mode at the LHC energies. Emerging problems with the use of peripheral impact parameter dependence of the elastic overlap function are explicitly indicated. Their solution is an elimination of the phases connected to peripheral form of the elastic overlap function. Contrary, we adhere to a relative peripheral form of the {\it inelastic} overlap function with an additional new feature of a maximum at nonzero value of the impact parameter at the highest energies. Phenomenologically, the dynamics of hadron scattering is motivated by a hadron structure with a hard central core presence.
description: 13 pages, 2 figures, revised version
Inverse melting and inverse freezing: a spin model
Creators: name: Schupper, Nurith
name: Shnerb, Nadav M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Systems of highly degenerate ordered or frozen state may exhibit inverse melting (reversible crystallization upon heating) or inverse freezing (reversible glass transition upon heating). This phenomena is reviewed, and a list of experimental demonstrations and theoretical models is presented. A simple spin model for inverse melting is introduced and solved analytically for infinite range, constant paramagnetic exchange interaction. The random exchange analogue of this model yields inverse freezing, as implied by the analytic solution based on the replica trick. The qualitative features of this system (generalized Blume-Capel spin model) are shown to resemble a large class of inverse melting phenomena. The appearance of inverse melting is related to an exact rescaling of one of the interaction parameters that measures the entropy of the system. For the case of almost degenerate spin states perturbative expansion is presented, and the first three terms correspond to the empiric formula for the Flory-Huggins $χ$ parameter in the theory of polymer melts. Possible microscopic origin of this $χ$ parameter and the limitations of the Flory-Huggins theory where the state degeneracy is associated with the different conformations of a single polymer or with the spatial structures of two interacting molecules are discussed.
Machine Learning for Semi-Automated Meteorite Recovery
Creators: name: Anderson, Seamus
name: Towner, Martin
name: Bland, Phil
name: Haikings, Christopher
name: Volante, William
name: Sansom, Eleanor
name: Devillepoix, Hadrien
name: Shober, Patrick
name: Hartig, Benjamin
name: Cupak, Martin
name: Jansen-Sturgeon, Trent
name: Howie, Robert
name: Benedix, Gretchen
name: Deacon, Geoff
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present a novel methodology for recovering meteorite falls observed and constrained by fireball networks, using drones and machine learning algorithms. This approach uses images of the local terrain for a given fall site to train an artificial neural network, designed to detect meteorite candidates. We have field tested our methodology to show a meteorite detection rate between 75-97%, while also providing an efficient mechanism to eliminate false-positives. Our tests at a number of locations within Western Australia also showcase the ability for this training scheme to generalize a model to learn localized terrain features. Our model-training approach was also able to correctly identify 3 meteorites in their native fall sites, that were found using traditional searching techniques. Our methodology will be used to recover meteorite falls in a wide range of locations within globe-spanning fireball networks.
description: 15 pages, 3 figures, 2 tables
Tight Bounds and Faster Algorithms for Directed Max-Leaf Problems
Creators: name: Bonsma, Paul
name: Dorn, Frederic
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: 510 Mathematik
subject: spanning tree
subject: max leaf
subject: directed graph
subject: fixed parameter tractable

description: An out-tree T of a directed graph D is a rooted tree subgraph with all arcs directed outwards from the root. An out-branching is a spanning out-tree. By l(D) and ls(D) we denote the maximum number of leaves over all out-trees and out-branchings of D, respectively.
Bucking trees with decay
Creators: name: Rapoport, Alex
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The problem bucking of trees into logs is solved using dynamic programming. The state of the model is described by the physical dimensions of the tree, such as length, diameters and sweep. This thesis incorporates decay as a description of the state. This thesis begins with a detailed analysis of decay morphology, obtaining the expected values and dispersion of key variables. The main goal of this thesis is to evaluate the decay information that could be gathered; this is done by incorporating different levels of information into the bucking algorithms. The first level assumes perfect information; in this case the algorithm is provided with the observed diameter of decay and its actual length. The second level uses an observed decay diameter and a length estimated based on the decay model. The third level also uses the observed decay diameter, but now the length is assumed to be a random variable, whose distribution parameters are based on the decay model. Furthermore, the models will be compared to the normal practices of forestry companies of British Columbia. A test of four hundred trees in four species, Spruce, Lodgepole Pine, Balsam Fir and Western Red Cedar was performed. Clear improvements were found when bucking with algorithms that consider decay. The value increased an average of 11.9%. One of the most relevant findings of this thesis is that this significant lift does not result from lower stumpage and transportation costs, but from higher recoveries. The stumpage and transportation costs are on average higher in the proposed algorithms as compared to the normal practices. This means that the use of bucking algorithms that incorporate decay translates into gains for the lumber companies as well as for the Provincial Government and the transportation industry.