cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Equilibrium states beyond specification and the Bowen property
Creators: name: Climenhaga, Vaughn
name: Thompson, Daniel J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37D35, 37B10, 37B40

description: It is well-known that for expansive maps and continuous potential functions, the specification property (for the map) and the Bowen property (for the potential) together imply the existence of a unique equilibrium state. We consider symbolic spaces that may not have specification, and potentials that may not have the Bowen property, and give conditions under which uniqueness of the equilibrium state can still be deduced. Our approach is to ask that the collection of cylinders which are obstructions to the specification property or the Bowen property is small in an appropriate quantitative sense. This allows us to construct an ergodic equilibrium state with a weak Gibbs property, which we then use to prove uniqueness. We do not use inducing schemes or the Perron--Frobenius operator, and we strengthen some previous results obtained using these approaches. In particular, we consider $β$-shifts and show that the class of potential functions with unique equilibrium states strictly contains the set of potentials with the Bowen property. We give applications to piecewise monotonic interval maps, including the family of geometric potentials for examples which have both indifferent fixed points and a non-Markov structure.
description: 27 pages, minor changes from v1, Theorem 3.3 added
Copper-based disordered plasmonic system with dense nanoisland morphology
Creators: name: Tapani, Tlek
name: Krahne, Roman
name: Caligiuri, Vincenzo
name: Griesi, Andrea
name: Ivanov, Yurii P.
name: Cuscuna, Massimo
name: Balestra, Gianluca
name: Lin, Haifeng
name: Sapunova, Anastasiia
name: Franceschini, Paolo
name: Tognazzi, Andrea
name: De Angelis, Costantino
name: Divitini, Giorgio
name: Kwon, Hyunah
name: Fischer, Peer
name: Maccaferri, Nicolo
name: Garoli, Denis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dry synthesis is a highly versatile method for the fabrication of nanoporous metal films, since it enables easy and reproducible deposition of single or multi-layer(s) of nanostructured materials that can find intriguing applications in plasmonics, photochemistry and photocatalysis, to name a few. Here, we extend the use of this methodology to the preparation of copper nanoislands that represent an affordable and versatile example of disordered plasmonic substrate. We perform detailed characterizations of the system using several techniques such as spectroscopic ellipsometry, cathodoluminescence, electron energy loss spectroscopy, ultrafast pump-probe spectroscopy and second-harmonic generation with the aim to investigate the optical properties of these systems in an unprecedented systematic way. Our study represents the starting point for future applications of this new disordered plasmonic system ranging from sensing to photochemistry and photocatalysis.
Elucidation of the Intersystem Crossing Mechanism in a Helical BODIPY for Low-Dose Photodynamic Therapy
Creators: name: Wang, Zhijia
name: Huang, Ling
name: El‐Zohry, Ahmed M.
name: Dick, Bernhard
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: bodipy, intersystem crossing, photodynamic therapy, photosensitizers, twisted π-systems
subject: 540 Chemie

description: Intersystem crossing (ISC) of triplet photosensitizers is a vital process for fundamental photochemistry and photodynamic therapy (PDT). Herein, we report the co‐existence of efficient ISC and long triplet excited lifetime in a heavy atom‐free bodipy helicene molecule. Via theoretical computation and time‐resolved EPR spectroscopy, we confirmed that the ISC of the bodipy results from its twisted molecular structure and reduced symmetry. The twisted bodipy shows intense long wavelength absorption (ϵ=1.76×105 m−1 cm−1 at 630 nm), satisfactory triplet quantum yield (ΦT=52 %), and long‐lived triplet state (τT=492 μs), leading to unprecedented performance as a triplet photosensitizer for PDT. Moreover, nanoparticles constructed with such helical bodipy show efficient PDT‐mediated antitumor immunity amplification with an ultra‐low dose (0.25 μg kg−1), which is several hundred times lower than that of the existing PDT reagents.
Combating Pseudomonas aeruginosa lung infections using synthetic host defense peptides
Creators: name: Wuerth, Kelli
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a Gram negative bacterium found frequently in the environment. It can infect immunocompromised patients and is a major cause of nosocomial infections. Of particular concern are its roles in lung infections as a causative agent for pneumonia and in respiratory infections in patients with cystic fibrosis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Treatment of P. aeruginosa lung infections is difficult due to its formation of biofilms and the development of multi-drug resistant P. aeruginosa strains. Synthetic derivatives of host defense peptides (HDPs) called innate defense regulators (IDRs) are alternatives to antibiotics that modulate the immune response rather than directly targeting the bacteria, thus limiting the development of antibiotic resistance. IDRs have shown success against many bacteria but had not previously been tested in P. aeruginosa lung infection models. In this work, IDR-1002 reduced the production of inflammatory cytokines by macrophages in response to P. aeruginosa lipopolysaccharide. IDR-1002 also limited the toxicity caused by live P. aeruginosa to macrophages and bronchial epithelial cells. Importantly, IDR-1002 did not show any toxic effects in vitro, unlike the HDP LL-37. In an acute in vivo P. aeruginosa lung infection model, IDR-1002 significantly decreased the bacterial burden as well as the concentrations of MCP-1, KC, and IL-6 in the lungs. In another in vivo P. aeruginosa lung infection model using alginate to mimic a chronic infection, IDR-1002 decreased the infiltration of cells to the infection site and significantly decreased IL-6 levels in the lungs. To improve drug delivery, peptide IDR-1018, which has a strong aggregation propensity, was tested with various formulations, and its combination with a hyperbranched polyglycerol reduced the production of inflammatory cytokines in vitro and trended towards reducing cytokines in vivo in the acute P. aeruginosa lung infection model. Finally, RNA-Seq and downstream bioinformatics were performed on both lung and blood samples from the acute P. aeruginosa lung infection model, providing insights into the impact of P. aeruginosa during infection and the protective mechanisms of IDR-1002 via its anti-inflammatory effects. These data suggest the strong potential of IDR-1002 for the treatment of P. aeruginosa lung infections.
Vienna Working Papers in Canadian Studies Vol. 2 (2019) Building Bridges, Breaking Barriers: Canada in the 21st Century/Construire des ponts, Franchir les obstacles: Le Canada au 21ème siècle
Creators: name: Leimbigler, Betsy
name: Groth, Annika
name: Krömer, Alicia
name: Zanella, Patrizia
name: Braith, Melanie
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Canadian studies, Indigenous literatures, Aboriginal histories, Aboriginal politics, multiculturalism, Chiac, Residential Schools, TRC, Joseph Boyden, Indigenous ontologies, Richard Wagamese

description: The 13th Annual Conference of the Young Scholars’ Forum of the Association for Canadian Studies in German Speaking Countries, entitled “Building Bridges, Breaking Barriers: Canada in the 21st Century,” took place at the University of Vienna June 24-26, 2016. This interdisciplinary and bilingual event sought to reflect on Canada’s ongoing status as a space of encounters and multiculturalism, but also of separatism and (neo)colonial policies. The organizing team aimed at exploring and discussing Canada’s cross-cultural and transnational dimensions; the realities of its histories, geographies, cultures and politics, and, above all, its people and identities that have shaped and transformed it into its current state as a multicultural dominion a mari usque ad mare (“from sea to sea”). For these purposes, the conference brought together 19 postgraduate speakers from Austria, Germany, Switzerland, Canada, and the Czech Republic, whose unique backgrounds and presentations spoke to the diversity of the conference theme and the multitude of perspectives that make up Canadian Studies within and beyond Canada.
On modules over Laurent polynomial rings
Creators: name: Silver, Daniel S.
name: Williams, Susan G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 13E05, 57M25

description: A finitely generated module over the ring L=Z[t, t^{-1}] of integer Laurent polynomials that has no Z-torsion is determined by a pair of sub-lattices of L^d. Their indices are the absolute values of the leading and trailing coefficients of the order of the module. This description has applications in knot theory.
description: 7 pages, no figures. To appear in J Knot Theory Ramifications
MPEC 2023-H250 : 2023 HC7
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 HC7

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Can we use a stochastic approch to MR implant safety?
Creators: name: Wright, Louise
name: Cox, Maurice
name: Partarrieu, Ignacio
name: Wooldridge, Jenny
name: Wright, Liam
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: implant safety
magnetic resonance imaging
stochastic approach

description: Presentation given at the MIMAS Implant Safety Workshop 2021: https://www.ptb.de/mimas/information-communication/mimas-implant-safety-workshop-2021/
K-independent percolation on trees
Creators: name: Mathieu, Pierre
name: Temmel, Christoph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 82B43 (Primary), 60K35, 82B20, 05C05

description: Consider the class of k-independent bond, respectively site, percolations with parameter p on an infinite tree T. We derive tight bounds on p for both a.s. percolation and a.s. nonpercolation. The bounds are continuous functions of k and the branching number of T. This extends previous results by Lyons for the independent case (k=0) and by Bollobàs & Balister for 1-independent bond percolations. Central to our argumentation are moment method bounds à la Lyons supplemented by explicit percolation models à la Bollobàs & Balister. An indispensable tool is the minimality and explicit construction of Shearer's measure on the k-fuzz of Z.
description: 28 pages, 4 figures
Maimónides y el Aire: Lecciones Antiguas para la Salud Ambiental Actual
Creators: name: Herskovits, Gabriel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 420605
subject: Preventative health care

description: Este trabajo es un ensayo académico interdisciplinario que explora las enseñanzas médicas de Maimónides (RAMBAM) sobre el aire y su influencia en la salud, desde una perspectiva contemporánea de la medicina ambiental y la salud pública. Analiza los conceptos de los tres “pneumas” y cómo la calidad del aire puede afectar las funciones cognitivas y el bienestar general. El texto propone un diálogo entre saberes antiguos y desafíos modernos en salud ambiental.
MPEC 2023-H251 : 2023 HD7
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 HD7

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
The Sign of Fourier Coefficients of Half-Integral Weight Cusp Forms
Creators: name: Hulse, Thomas A.
name: Kiral, E. Mehmet
name: Kuan, Chan Ieong
name: Lim, Li-Mei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11F37 (Primary) 11F30 (Secondary)

description: From a result of Waldspurger, it is known that the normalized Fourier coefficients $a(m)$ of a half-integral weight holomorphic cusp eigenform $\f$ are, up to a finite set of factors, one of $\pm \sqrt{L(1/2, f, χ_m)}$ when $m$ is square-free and $f$ is the integral weight cusp form related to $\f$ by the Shimura correspondence. In this paper we address a question posed by Kohnen: which square root is $a(m)$? In particular, if we look at the set of $a(m)$ with $m$ square-free, do these Fourier coefficients change sign infinitely often? By partially analytically continuing a related Dirichlet series, we are able to show that this is so.
A comparison between the quasi-species evolution and stochastic quantization of fields
Creators: name: Bianconi, Ginestra
name: Rahmede, Christoph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The quasi-species equation describes the evolution of the probability that a random individual in a population carries a given genome. Here we map the quasi-species equation for individuals of a self-reproducing population to an ensemble of scalar field elementary units undergoing a creation and annihilation process. In this mapping, the individuals of the population are mapped to field units and their genome to the field value. The selective pressure is mapped to an inverse temperature βof the system regulating the evolutionary dynamics of the fields. We show that the quasi-species equation if applied to an ensemble of field units gives in the small βlimit can be put in relation with existing stochastic quantization approaches. The ensemble of field units described by the quasi-species equation relaxes to the fundamental state, describing an intrinsically dissipative dynamics. For a quadratic dispersion relation the mean energy of the system changes as a function of the inverse temperature β. For small values of βthe average energy takes a relativistic form, for large values of β, the average energy takes a classical form.
description: (6 pages, 3 figures)
On the Homology of Certain Smooth Covers of Moduli Spaces of Algebraic Curves
Creators: name: Dunin-Barkowski, Petr
name: Popolitov, Alexander
name: Shabat, George
name: Sleptsov, Alexei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We suggest a general method of computation of the homology of certain smooth covers $\hat{\mathcal{M}}_{g,1}(\mathbb{C})$ of moduli spaces $\mathcal{M}_{g,1}\br{\mathbb{C}}$ of pointed curves of genus $g$. Namely, we consider moduli spaces of algebraic curves with level $m$ structures. The method is based on the lifting of the Strebel-Penner stratification $\mathcal{M}_{g,1}\br{\mathbb{C}}$. We apply this method for $g\leq 2$ and obtain Betti numbers; these results are consistent with Penner and Harer-Zagier results on Euler characteristics.
description: 15 pages, 12 figures; proof added, corrections
Synthesis and evaluation of l-cystine crystallization inhibitors and prodrugs for cystinuria
Creators: name: Albanyan, Haifa
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2019

description: Cystinuria is a lifelong and recurrent stone disease characterized by renal L-cystine calculi due to defective renal and intestinal reabsorption of L-cystine and dibasic amino acids. Cystinuria is caused by defects in one or both SLC3A1 and SLC7A9 genes located on chromosomes 2p and 19q, respectively. L-Cystine crystallizes in a zwitterionic form with stable crystals and low solubility due to the hydrogen-bond networks within the solid. The presence of four terminal groups, two amino and two carboxylic groups, with the ability to form hydrogen-bond networks makes L-cystine more unique than other amino acids or standard dipeptides. The medical management of the disease focuses mainly on lowering the concentration of L-cystine in urine or increasing L-cystine solubility in urine. Hyperdiuresis to decrease the concentration of L-cystine in urine and alkalinization are used to improve L-cystine solubility and if these techniques fail the next step in the treatment algorithm is introduction of thiol drugs. Drugs like D-penicillamine and tiopronin react with L-cystine to form more soluble mixed disulfides, but they are poorly tolerated due to their numerous adverse side effects. A new alternative approach to the prevention of L-cystine kidney stones through molecular mimicry was suggested recently by Ward and colleagues. L-CDME was able to reduce the mass yield of crystallization and maintain a metastable supersaturated L-cystine concentration which is sufficient for preventing stone formation. However, the in vivo stability of L-CDME is a real concern for it to be used as a therapeutic since esters are liable to esterase enzyme cleavage and its metabolite is L-cystine which would worsen the disease. Our group converted the ester to the amide which is more stable in vivo that lead to better inhibition with enhanced stability profile. The diamide analogues were more active and more stable according to our crystallization inhibition assay, real-time in situ atomic force microscopy (AFM) and in vitro chemical stability study. Research in this dissertation focused on the structure-activity relationship (SAR) of the most active analogues. Our results showed the importance of keeping the core structure of L-cystine intact in order to maintain the strong binding affinity to the L-cystine crystal and inhibit the crystallization of L-cystine. Our research led to compound 8-L-cystinyl bis(1,8-diazaspiro[4.5]decane) (56) with an EC50 of 25.1 nM which is 1.7 fold more potent than LH708 (9), L-cystine bis(N′-methylpiperazide), in our crystallization inhibition assay. The bioavailability of LH708 (9) in SLC3A1 knockout mice was found to be 18%. To improve the oral bioavailability of LH708, several prodrugs with better lipophilicity were designed, synthesized, and evaluated for their stability and activation.
Frozen assets : private sector actors in arctic governance
Creators: name: Parente, Genevieve
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: The circumpolar Arctic epitomizes global change as political, social, and economic activities continually reconfigure the region. Diverse actors negotiate around a range of pressing issues such as climate change, trade, defence, and natural resource development. In this international milieu, states seek to pursue national interests as well as cooperate with non-state, supra-national, and sub-national entities that increasingly influence the governance landscape. This project examines how private sector development and state interests interplay in efforts to develop Arctic natural resources and asks what this tells us about the role of the private sector in regional governance. This project contributes to theories of new forms of state power and the political construction of space, especially in critical geopolitical literature. It connects Arctic development and geopolitical literatures through an analysis of the implications of private sector development decisions for state sovereignty. It examines evolving forms of transnational governance in the context of globalized political and socio-economic processes. The circumpolar region is an excellent laboratory for scholars to consider similar issues of sustainability in broader global contexts. This study draws its empirical analysis from two case studies: the Siberian city of Norilsk, Russia and the North Slope Borough in Alaska, USA. The cases focus on recent multi-party policy negotiations at these sites of natural resource development. They are theorized in their own right, as examples of processes in diverse regions, with linkages between them also drawn out. I use a methodological approach that emphasizes the ‘how’ of governance, and explores the practices of policy-making. This framework captures the dynamic social processes that underlie governance in the circumpolar region. This dissertation aims to understand the intertwined roles of states and private sector actors in Arctic political affairs. However, it also contributes to our understanding of the global political economy beyond the Arctic. Economic development and investment decision-making in the circumpolar region have implications for Arctic states, global natural resource markets, energy importing states, as well as for northern residents.
Fluorescent‐Labeled Octasilsesquioxane Nanohybrids as Potential Materials for Latent Fingerprinting Detection
Creators: name: Dare, Enock O.
name: Vendrell‐Criado, Victoria
name: Jiménez, Consuelo
name: Diaz Diaz, David
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: click chemistry, fingerprint identification, fluorophores, photostability, silsesquioxanes
subject: 540 Chemie

description: The recent demand for fluorescent‐labeled materials (FLMs) in forensic security concepts such as latent fingerprints (LFs) that encode information for anti‐counterfeiting and encryption of confidential data makes necessary the development of building new and innovative materials. Here, novel FLMs based on polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSS) functionalized with fluorophores via “click” reactions have been successfully synthesized and fully characterized. A comprehensive study of their photophysical properties has displayed large Stokes's shift together with good photostability in all cases, fulfilling the fundamental requisites for any legible LF detection on various surfaces. The excellent performance of the hetero‐bifunctional FLM in the visualization of LF is emphasized by their legibility, selectivity, sensitivity and temporal photostability. In this study, development mechanisms have been proposed and the overall concept constitute a novel approach for vis‐à‐vis forensic investigations to trace an individual's identity.
Testing the statistical isotropy of large scale structure with multipole vectors
Creators: name: Zunckel, Caroline
name: Huterer, Dragan
name: Starkman, Glenn D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A fundamental assumption in cosmology is that of statistical isotropy - that the universe, on average, looks the same in every direction in the sky. Statistical isotropy has recently been tested stringently using Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) data, leading to intriguing results on large angular scales. Here we apply some of the same techniques used in the CMB to the distribution of galaxies on the sky. Using the multipole vector approach, where each multipole in the harmonic decomposition of galaxy density field is described by unit vectors and an amplitude, we lay out the basic formalism of how to reconstruct the multipole vectors and their statistics out of galaxy survey catalogs. We apply the algorithm to synthetic galaxy maps, and study the sensitivity of the multipole vector reconstruction accuracy to the density, depth, sky coverage, and pixelization of galaxy catalog maps.
description: 19 pages, 9 figures, typos fixed and minor changes in v2. Matches the published version
Some remarks about the derivative operator and generalized Stirling numbers
Creators: name: Mohammad-Noori, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05-XX

description: Studying expressions of the form $(f(x)D)^p$, where $D={\displaystyle \frac{d}{dx}}$ is the derivative operator, goes back to Scherk's Ph.D. thesis in 1823. We show that this can be extended as ${\displaystyle\sum γ_{p;a} (f^{(0)})^{a(0)+1} (f^{(1)})^{a(1)}...(f^{(p-1)})^{a(p-1)}D^{p-\sum_i i a(i)}}$}, where the summation is taken over the $p$-tuples $(a_0, a_1,..., a_{p-1})$, satisfying $\sum_{i}a(i)=p-1,\, \sum_{i}i a(i)
description: 16 pages, 2 figures
Pew Research Center: American Trends Panel Wave 19
Creators: name: Pew Research Center
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2019

description: Selling online (7); earning money online (1); working for ride-hailing app (1); odd jobs (5); money earned from odd jobs (1); reasons for working odd jobs (6); relationship with odd jobs (2); earning money through online home-sharing sites (6); money earned from online home-sharing sites (1); sources of income (6); 2016 presidential election (6); political participation (8); political beliefs of people you know (1); social media usage (6); social media contacts (15); social media content (8); political discussions (15); modified views of something seen on social media (3); political figures on social media (7).
MPEC 2023-H252 : 2023 HE7
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 HE7

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
CopR, a Global Regulator of Transcription to Maintain Copper Homeostasis in Pyrococcus furiosus
Creators: name: Grünberger, Felix
name: Reichelt, Robert
name: Waege, Ingrid
name: Ned, Verena
name: Bronner, Korbinian
name: Kaljanac, Marcell
name: Weber, Nina
name: El Ahmad, Zubeir
name: Knauss, Lena
name: Madej, M. Gregor
name: Ziegler, Christine
name: Grohmann, Dina
name: Hausner, Winfried
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: archaea, transcription, Pyrococcus, CopR, copper, regulation
subject: 570 Biowissenschaften, Biologie

description: Although copper is in many cases an essential micronutrient for cellular life, higher concentrations are toxic. Therefore, all living cells have developed strategies to maintain copper homeostasis. In this manuscript, we have analyzed the transcriptome-wide response of Pyrococcus furiosus to increased copper concentrations and described the essential role of the putative copper-sensing metalloregulator CopR in the detoxification process. To this end, we employed biochemical and biophysical methods to characterize the role of CopR. Additionally, a copR knockout strain revealed an amplified sensitivity in comparison to the parental strain towards increased copper levels, which designates an essential role of CopR for copper homeostasis. To learn more about the CopR-regulated gene network, we performed differential gene expression and ChIP-seq analysis under normal and 20 μM copper-shock conditions. By integrating the transcriptome and genome-wide binding data, we found that CopR binds to the upstream regions of many copper-induced genes. Negative-stain transmission electron microscopy and 2D class averaging revealed an octameric assembly formed from a tetramer of dimers for CopR, similar to published crystal structures from the Lrp family. In conclusion, we propose a model for CopR-regulated transcription and highlight the regulatory network that enables Pyrococcus to respond to increased copper concentrations.
Genetic Variation of Typical Plant Species in Hay Meadows: The Effect of Land Use History, Landscape Structure, and Habitat Quality
Creators: name: Pagel, Ellen
name: Lehmair, Theresa A.
name: Poschlod, Peter
name: Reisch, Christoph
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: European grasslands, conservation genetics, habitat quality, land use history, AFLP (amplified fragment length polymorphism), landscape structure, hay meadows
subject: 580 Pflanzen (Botanik)

description: Global changes in land use are threatening the diversity of many ecosystems on both the intra- and interspecific levels. Among these ecosystems are the species-rich hay meadows, which have drastically declined in quality and quantity, due to land use intensification or abandonment in recent decades. The remaining genetic resources of their plant species must therefore be protected. To determine the driving forces impacting genetic variation in common hay meadow species (Dactylis glomerata, Heracleum sphondylium, and Trifolium pratense), we used data on the land use history, historic and present landscape structure and habitat quality. Our results showed average genetic diversity within the study sites, with low differentiation levels and a high gene flow among grasslands. Land use history, landscape structure and habitat quality were found to be related to the distribution of genetic diversity in the studied species, highlighting the complex forces acting in these ecosystems and showing the specific impact of litter accumulation on genetic diversity. Both historic and current environmental variables influence genetic diversity, demonstrating the importance of the land use history of a habitat. The most important group of variables impacting genetic variation in all three species was the landscape structure (e.g., distance to the nearest-located urban area or grassland). Also important was the influence of litter cover on genetic diversity in D. glomerata, which provides an interesting starting point for further research.
High‐Pressure‐Mediated Thiourea‐Organocatalyzed Asymmetric Michael Addition to (Hetero)aromatic Nitroolefins: Prediction of Reaction Parameters by PCP‐SAFT Modelling
Creators: name: Weinbender, Thomas
name: Knierbein, Michael
name: Bittorf, Lukas
name: Reiser, Oliver
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: high-pressure chemistry, kinetics, Michael addition, organocatalysis, thermodynamics
subject: 540 Chemie

description: Thiourea‐organocatalyzed Michael additions of diethyl malonate to various heteroaromatic nitroolefins (13 examples) have been studied under high‐pressure (up to 800 MPa) and ambient pressure conditions. High pressure was conducive to enhanced product yields by a factor of 2–12 at a given reaction time, high reaction rates (reaction times were decreased from 72–24 h down to 4–24 h) and high enantioselectivity. Elucidating the effects of solvents for maximizing reaction rates and yields has been carried out using the Perturbed‐Chain Polar Statistical Associating Fluid Theory (PCP‐SAFT), allowing for the first time a prediction of the kinetic profiles under high‐hydrostatic‐pressure conditions.
Divergent intersections : multicultural education and peer interactions in schools
Creators: name: Derksen-Bergen, Tesia
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: For decades, Canadian multiculturalism policy has promoted a vision of integration in which all people have the right to practice and maintain their culture of origin while at the same time helping to build a diverse nation. Critics, however, argue that the policy tends to essentialize cultural identity and serves only to “manage” diversity. On a smaller scale, schools are a primary site for integration and identity negotiation for young people in Canada. In British Columbia, multicultural curricula in secondary schools aims to celebrate the contributions to society of “other” cultures, as well as acknowledge Canada’s racist past. Critical questions of privilege, power, and oppression are often left out of this discussion, and scholars have rightly asked whether multicultural education is able to address systemic racism and inequities. This research contributes to our comprehension of how and to what extent multicultural education in schools affects interactions among peers from many different ethnocultural backgrounds. I interviewed 30 students enrolled in a Grade 11 Social Studies course at a secondary school in Abbotsford, British Columbia to ask them how the process of multicultural integration materializes in their everyday lived experiences of identity formation, sense of belonging, and peer interaction. I find that students’ lived realities of multiculturalism, racialization, privilege, and oppression, both intersect with and diverge from the British Columbia Social Studies curricula. Their embodied experiences are far more complex than any simple definition or stated aim of multicultural education. These findings justify the implementation of critical multicultural education in schools, which might welcome students’ lived realities into discussions of multiculturalism and racialization, thus bringing the hidden curriculum to light.
Grothendieck classes and Chern classes of hyperplane arrangements
Creators: name: Aluffi, Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14C17, 05B35, 32S22

description: We show that the characteristic polynomial of a hyperplane arrangement can be recovered from the class in the Grothendieck group of varieties of the complement of the arrangement. This gives a quick proof of a theorem of Orlik and Solomon relating the characteristic polynomial with the ranks of the cohomology of the complement of the arrangement. We also show that the characteristic polynomial can be computed from the total Chern class of the complement of the arrangement; this has also been observed by Huh. In the case of free arrangements, we prove that this Chern class agrees with the Chern class of the dual of a bundle of differential forms with logarithmic poles along the hyperplanes in the arrangement; this follows from work of Mustata and Schenck. We conjecture that this relation holds for all free divisors. We give an explicit relation between the characteristic polynomial of an arrangement and the Segre class of its singularity (`Jacobian') subscheme. This gives a variant of a recent result of Wakefield and Yoshinaga, and shows that the Segre class of the singularity subscheme of an arrangement together with the degree of the arrangement determine the ranks of the cohomology of its complement. We also discuss the positivity of the Chern classes of hyperplane arrangements: we give a combinatorial interpretation of this phenomenon, and we discuss the cases of generic and free arrangements.
description: 21 pages, minor revision. To appear in IMRN
Similar Is Not the Same – Mate Recognition in a Parasitoid Wasp
Creators: name: Pokorny, Tamara
name: Jungwirth, Stefan
name: Ruther, Joachim
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 590 Tiere (Zoologie)

description: Finding and recognizing a suitable mate is a key prerequisite to reproductive success. Insects often recognize prospective mates using chemical cues and signals. Among these, cuticular lipids commonly serve for mate recognition at close range. The lipid layer on the surface of insects is comprised predominantly of cuticular hydrocarbons (CHCs), though more polar compounds may also be present. While the composition of the cuticular profile is typically species specific, many species additionally show differentiation between the sexes by sex specific compounds and/or compound ratios. It is often assumed that a clear sexual dimorphism of cuticular lipid profiles is a prerequisite for a potential function as sex pheromones. Both, sex specific single compounds or the profiles as a whole have been shown to serve as sex pheromones in parasitoid wasps. Here, we studied parasitoid wasps of the species Tachinaephagus zealandicus (Encyrtidae, Hymenoptera). Chemical analyses revealed that this species presents a case where males and females produce the same set of CHCs in similar relative amounts. To test whether these wasps nonetheless can use the cuticular lipids for close range mate recognition, we tested the reaction of males toward freeze-killed conspecifics. Males showed copulation behavior exclusively toward dead females, but not toward dead males. Dead females from which the cuticular lipids had been removed did not elicit copulation behavior by tested males. Reapplication of female whole body extracts restored bioactivity, and males reacted with copulation attempts as often as toward the freeze-killed females. Bioassays with lipid fractions revealed that only the CHC fraction was bioactive on its own. Here, again, males reacted to female, but not to male CHCs. Our results indicate that these wasps are capable of using CHCs for close range sex recognition despite the similarity of male and female profiles.
Reachability analysis for piecewise affine systems with neural network-based controllers
Creators: name: Teichrib, Dieter
name: Darup, Moritz Schulze
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Neural networks (NN) have been successfully applied to approximate various types of complex control laws, resulting in low-complexity NN-based controllers that are fast to evaluate. However, when approximating control laws using NN, performance and stability guarantees of the original controller may not be preserved. Recently, it has been shown that it is possible to provide such guarantees for linear systems with NN-based controllers by analyzing the approximation error with respect to a stabilizing base-line controller or by computing reachable sets of the closed-loop system. The latter has the advantage of not requiring a base-line controller. In this paper, we show that similar ideas can be used to analyze the closed-loop behavior of piecewise affine (PWA) systems with an NN-based controller. Our approach builds on computing over-approximations of reachable sets using mixed-integer linear programming, which allows to certify that the closed-loop system converges to a small set containing the origin while satisfying input and state constraints. We also show how to modify a given NN-based controller to ensure asymptotic stability for the controlled PWA system.
description: 8 pages, 1 figures, to be published in the proceedings of the 63rd IEEE Conference on Decision and Control (2024)
Kondo and charge fluctuation resistivity due to Anderson impurities in graphene
Creators: name: Chao, Sung-Po
name: Aji, Vivek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by experiments on ion irradiated graphene, we compute the resistivity of graphene with dilute impurities. In the local moment regime we employ the perturbation theory up to third order in the exchange coupling to determine the behavior at high temperatures within the Kondo model. Resistivity due to charge fluctuations is obtained within the mean field approach on the Anderson impurity model. Due to the linear spectrum of the graphene the Kondo behavior is shown to depend on the gate voltage applied. The location of the impurity on the graphene sheet is an important variable determining its effect on the Kondo scale and resistivity. Our results show that for chemical potential nearby the node the charge fluctuations is responsible for the observed temperature dependence of resistivity while away from the node the spin fluctuations take over. Quantitative agreement with experimental data is achieved if the energy of the impurity level varies linearly with the chemical potential.
description: 17 pages, 15 figures, published version
TWO!EARS Deliverable D3.2 - Software Architecture, progress (WP3: Feature extraction, object formation & meaning assignment; FP7-ICT-2013-C TWO!EARS FET-Open Project 618075)
Creators: name: Ma, Ning
name: Trowitsch, Ivo
name: Taghia, Jalil
name: Schymura, Christopher
name: Kolossa, Dorothea
name: Walther, Thomas
name: Wierstorf, Hagen
name: May, Tobias
name: Brown, Guy J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014

description: The goal of the Two!Ears project is to develop an intelligent, active computational model of auditory perception and experience in a multi-modal context. At the heart of the project is a software architecture that optimally fuses prior knowledge with the currently available sensor input, in order to find the best explanation of all available information. Top-down feedback plays a crucial role in this process. The software architecture will be implemented on a mobile robot endowed with a binaural head and stereo cameras, allowing for active exploration and understanding of audiovisual scenes. Our approach recasts a conventional “blackboard system” in a modern machine learning framework. In the blackboard system, knowledge sources cooperate to solve a problem; in this case, the problem is to identify the acoustic sources that are present in the environment and ascribe meaning to them.

This deliverable documents our progress on the design and development of the Two!Ears software architecture. We have developed a blackboard system with three layers. In the first layer, the acoustic input is pre-segmented using information about pitch, onsets/offsets, interaural coherence and amplitude modulation. This allows sound sources of interest to be separated from the acoustic background. Visual information gathered from cameras (or initially from a 3D simulation) are also segmented. Since sound sources of interest in the environment will not be static, we have also developed a framework for nonlinear tracking of sound sources which models their underlying motion dynamics. In the second layer of the expert system, audio-visual events are labelled to indicate their attributes. So far, we have focused on attributes relating to the spatial location of sound events and their source type (e.g., ‘female voice’ or ‘telephone ring’). Correctly labelling these attributes in noisy and reverberant acoustic environments is a challenging problem; we have developed techniques for improving the robustness of spatial location estimation (using multi-condition training and head movements) and source type classification (using noise-adaptive linear discriminant analysis). We have also developed an i-vector approach to speaker recognition which gives very promising results. In the third layer of the blackboard system, events are interpreted to derive a meaningful description of the auditory scene. We aim to achieve this within a graphical model framework, based on the open-source software toolkit GMTK. To date, we have demonstrated how sound source localisation can be cast within this framework.
MPEC 2023-H253 : 2019 GK21
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Spin excitations in K$_{0.84}$Fe$_{1.99}$Se$_2$ superconductor as studied by Mössbauer spectroscopy
Creators: name: Li, Zhiwei
name: Ma, Xiaoming
name: Pang, Hua
name: Li, Fashen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Mössbauer spectroscopy was used to probe the site specific information of the $K_{0.84}Fe_{1.99}Se_2$ superconductor. Possibility of coexistence of superconductivity and magnetism is discussed. A spin excitation gap, $ΔE \approx$5\,meV, is observed by analyzing the temperature dependence of the hyperfine magnetic field (HMF) at the iron site within the spin wave theory. Using a simple model suggested in the literature, the temperature dependence of the HMF is well reproduced, suggesting that, below room temperature, the iron-selenide superconductors can be regarded as ferromagnetically coupled spin blocks that interact with each other antiferromagnetically to form the observed checkerboard-like magnetic structure.
Lightning IR: Straightforward Fine-tuning and Inference of Transformer-based Language Models for Information Retrieval
Creators: name: Schlatt, Ferdinand
name: Fröbe, Maik
name: Hagen, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A wide range of transformer-based language models have been proposed for information retrieval tasks. However, including transformer-based models in retrieval pipelines is often complex and requires substantial engineering effort. In this paper, we introduce Lightning IR, an easy-to-use PyTorch Lightning-based framework for applying transformer-based language models in retrieval scenarios. Lightning IR provides a modular and extensible architecture that supports all stages of a retrieval pipeline: from fine-tuning and indexing to searching and re-ranking. Designed to be scalable and reproducible, Lightning IR is available as open-source: https://github.com/webis-de/lightning-ir.
description: Accepted as a demo at WSDM'25
Compact conformally Kahler Einstein-Weyl manifolds
Creators: name: Jelonek, Wlodzimierz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C55, 53C25

description: We give a classification of compact conformally Kahler Einstein-Weyl manifolds whose Ricci tensor is hermitian.
description: 11 pages
Super-resolution lightwave tomography of electronic bands in quantum materials
Creators: name: Borsch, M.
name: Schmid, Christoph P.
name: Weigl, Leonard
name: Schlauderer, Stefan
name: Hofmann, Niklas
name: Lange, Christoph
name: Steiner, J. T.
name: Koch, S. W.
name: Huber, Rupert
name: Kira, M.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: Searching for quantum functionalities requires access to the electronic structure, constituting the foundation of exquisite spin-valley–electronic, topological, and many-body effects. All-optical band-structure reconstruction could directly connect electronic structure with the coveted quantum phenomena if strong lightwaves transported localized electrons within preselected bands. Here, we demonstrate that harmonic sideband (HSB) generation in monolayer tungsten diselenide creates distinct electronic interference combs in momentum space. Locating these momentum combs in spectroscopy enables super-resolution tomography of key band-structure details in situ. We experimentally tuned the optical-driver frequency by a full octave and show that the predicted super-resolution manifests in a critical intensity and frequency dependence of HSBs. Our concept offers a practical, all-optical, fully three-dimensional tomography of electronic structure even in microscopically small quantum materials, band by band.