cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Risk factors for revision of primary total hip replacement: Results from a national case-control study
Creators: name: Baron, John A.
name: Prokopetz, Julian J. Z.
name: Katz, Jeffrey N.
name: Wright, Elizabeth A.
name: Wright, R. John
name: Losina, Elena
name: Malchau, Henrik
name: Mahomed, Nizar
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: To study risk factors for revision of primary total hip replacement (THR) in a US population-based sample.
Giant mitochondria in cardiomyocytes: cellular architecture in health and disease
Creators: name: Li, Amy
name: Shami, Gerald J
name: Griffiths, Lisa
name: Lal, Sean
name: Irving, Helen
name: Braet, Filip
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 310105
subject: Cellular interactions (incl. adhesion, matrix, cell wall)
classificationCode: 3201
subject: Cardiovascular medicine and haematology

description: Giant mitochondria are frequently observed in different disease models within the brain, kidney, and liver. In cardiac muscle, these enlarged organelles are present across diverse physiological and pathophysiological conditions including in ageing and exercise, and clinically in alcohol-induced heart disease and various cardiomyopathies. This mitochondrial aberration is widely considered an early structural hallmark of disease leading to adverse organ function. In this thematic paper, we discuss the current state-of-knowledge on the presence, structure and functional implications of giant mitochondria in heart muscle. Despite its demonstrated reoccurrence in different heart diseases, the literature on this pathophysiological phenomenon remains relatively sparse since its initial observations in the early 60s. We review historical and contemporary investigations from cultured cardiomyocytes to human tissue samples to address the role of giant mitochondria in cardiac health and disease. Finally, we discuss their significance for the future development of novel mitochondria-targeted therapies to improve cardiac metabolism and functionality.
Supplemental Material for de Almeida Filho et al., 2019
Creators: name: Filho, Janeo Eustáquio De Almeida
name: Guimarães, João Filipi Rodrigues
name: Fabyano Fonsceca E Silva
name: RESENDE, Marcos Deon Vilela De
name: Munoz, Patricio
name: Kirst, Matias
name: Júnior, Marcio Fernando Ribeiro De Resende
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 60408 Genomics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Supplemental file for the manuscript: Almeida et al. 2019 - GENOMIC PREDICTION OF ADDITIVE AND NON-ADDITIVE EFFECTS USING GENETIC MARKERS AND PEDIGREES
Slower walking speed is associated with incident knee osteoarthritis-related outcomes
Creators: name: Purser, Jama L.
name: Helmick, Charles G.
name: Golightly, Yvonne M.
name: Jordan, Joanne M.
name: Feng, Qiushi
name: Renner, Jordan B.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: To determine whether slower walking speed was associated with increased risk of incident hip and knee osteoarthritis (OA)-related outcomes.
Use of disease-modifying medications for rheumatoid arthritis by race and ethnicity in the National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey
Creators: name: Ayanian, John Z.
name: Solomon, Daniel H.
name: Yelin, Ed
name: Brookhart, M. Alan
name: Katz, Jeffrey N.
name: Shaykevich, Tamara
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) are recommended for virtually all patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We investigated the use of DMARDs in patients with RA in a nationally representative sample of visits to US physicians in the National Ambulatory Care Medical Survey (NAMCS).
Preferences for Arthritis Interventions: Identifying Similarities and Differences among Blacks and Whites with Osteoarthritis
Creators: name: Jefferson, Malcolm
name: Edwards, Lloyd J.
name: Haley, William E.
name: McIlvane, Jessica M.
name: Mingo, Chivon A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: To determine if there are differences or similarities in arthritis intervention preferences and barriers to participation between Blacks and Whites with osteoarthritis (OA).
The journey to establishing an Electronic-Only theses policy: A case study of the University of Glasgow
Creators: name: O'Hara, Michelle
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: The significance and value of doctoral theses as unique and distinct academic research records have long been well established and institutions have been intent on making these documents more widely available and open for valuable research purposes than traditional hardbound copies can allow. Technological advances have helped this shift but the recent COVID-19 pandemic, and the measures put in place to reduce the spread of the virus, interrupted existing thesis submission workflows. These measures have forced academic institutions into a much quick adaptation to a new wholly digital environment, than perhaps was planned. At University of Glasgow, we recognised that this was an opportunity for change while being aware that there are many challenges associated with electronic publishing of theses that need to be addressed. In early 2022 we began our journey to update our current hardcopy thesis deposit policy to one which reflects our successful shift to e-only theses and to consolidate the changes which COVID-19 required since March 2020. In this talk, I shall give a brief overview of the issues and challenges facing the project team at the University of Glasgow, on our journey to the move from a hardcopy theses environment to a fully electronic one. These challenges relate to the entire lifecycle of electronic theses (e-theses): from approval and submission, to documentation, cataloguing, copyright and embargoes, access, and long-term preservation. I will consider some of the practical aspects that we have learnt and the stakeholders we have worked with. Finally, I will touch on some of the more philosophical questions that we have been engaged with.
Enhancing energy absorption through metamaterial instabilities
Creators: name: Bekele, Adam
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2021

description: Explorations into the structural instabilities of mechanical metamaterials have led to the development of bistable cellular structures. Although structural instabilities have generally been regarded as entities that are best avoided in practice, rapid emergence of nonlinear mathematics, computational power and additive manufacturing techniques, have demonstrated that the exploitation of the geometrically nonlinear range is increasingly feasible. This three-pronged approach: analytical, numerical and experimental is utilized in the present work to generate a novel lattice configuration that is capable of enhancing energy absorption and structural isolation performance. In conventional structural design, the principal concern is to maintain strength and stiffness of the component including after any instability. However, for energy absorbency or dynamic isolation applications, although the desired property still includes a reasonably high load-carrying capacity, a crucial property is a diminished post-buckling stiffness. The latter property ensures that any transfer of displacement to any connected structures is minimized, whereas the former ensures significant energy is absorbed in the deformation process. Therefore, with these criteria in mind, preliminary finite element analyses on sandwich structures explore the effects of variations to parameters such as the panel aspect ratio, to achieve the initial high load-carrying capacity, and disruption within the lattice geometry, to achieve the subsequent low post-buckling stiffness, which was found to be successful within the two-dimensional realm. Additional complexities in the construction of three-dimensional lattices, predominant- ly owing to density and tessellation, warranted a different approach than incorporating disruptions within a repeating array of unit cells. Through a ‘bottom-up’ approach of examining the behaviour at the unit cell scale and mesoscale, a new lattice is devised that can snap from a conventional ‘flint’ to an auxetic arrowhead structure such that the post-buckling structural stiffness is maintained to be close to zero. This geometri- cal phase transition of the lattice, for a panel under axial compression and without face plates, enabled sequential shortening of the panel length prohibiting the unfavourable global-type buckling response. Tuning of the post-buckling response was also possible through geometrical grading. Furthermore, so long as the relative density is maintained, through alterations to strut dimensions, this desirable mechanical response was found to be scalable. Lastly, the results from experimental tests on specimens that were 3D printed compared well, thus verifying the numerical work. The responses were repeatable, with the full-scale panel able to achieve some level of recoverability when unloaded prior to material failure. The novelty of the present work lies in the predominant use of the elastic buckling range through geometrical variations of cellular structures to dissipate impact.
Sex differences in magnetic resonance imaging-based biomarkers and in those of joint metabolism
Creators: name: Maleki-Fischbach, Mehrnaz
name: Jordan, Joanne M
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Sex differences in the prevalence, incidence, and severity of osteoarthritis (OA) have long been known. Some differences in the evaluation of this issue across studies may be related to differences in study design, sampling, study size, study populations, targeted joint sites, and definitions of OA. This report highlights recent studies of sex differences in individual joint components imaged by magnetic resonance imaging and in systemic biomarkers of joint metabolism. Particularly important are those studies that examine this issue in young unaffected adults and children before the development of disease. Despite some variation across studies, women appear for the most part to have a thinner and more reduced volume of cartilage in the knee than men, and this may occur from early childhood. It is not clear whether women have a more accelerated rate of cartilage volume loss than men. Few data exist on sex differences in systemic biomarkers of joint metabolism. In these studies, it is critically important to characterize the total body burden of OA and the presence of comorbid conditions likely to influence a given biomarker. Lastly, future research should dovetail studies of sex differences in imaging and biochemical biomarkers with genetics to maximize insight into the mechanisms behind observed sex differences.
Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) in Depression: A Mini Review of Clinical and Preclinical Evidence
Creators: name: Thornton, Owen
Publisher: name: SDI
Year: 2023

description: Depression is a complex psychiatric disorder that significantly impacts millions of individuals worldwide. Despite advances in our understanding of its neurobiological underpinnings, treatment options remain limited, and not all patients respond adequately to available therapies. Emerging evidence has implicated brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), a critical regulator of neuronal plasticity, in the pathophysiology and treatment of depression. This review examines the role of BDNF in the brain, its relationship to depression in preclinical and clinical studies, and its potential as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target. We discuss the impact of various antidepressant treatments on BDNF, including pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions. Finally, we address the challenges and future directions in targeting BDNF for depression treatment. By deepening our understanding of BDNF and its relationship with depression, we can move towards more effective and personalized interventions for this debilitating disorder.
Additional file 5 of A higher probability of subsequent stroke and ischemic heart disease in migraine patients: a longitudinal follow-up study in Korea
Creators: name: Kwon, Mi Jung
name: Choi, Hyo Geun
name: Kim, Yoo Hwan
name: Kim, Joo-Hee
name: Rim, Hyun Taek
name: Lee, Heui Seung
name: Oh, Jae Keun
name: Chang, In Bok
name: Song, Joon Ho
name: Kim, Ji Hee
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 5.
Racial Differences in Perceptions of Genetic Wellness Programs
Creators: name: Maxwell, James
name: Bourgoin, Angel
name: Ajunwa, Ifeoma
name: Briscoe, Forrest
Publisher: name: SAGE Publications
Year: 2023

description: Purpose Genetic wellness programs (GWPs) are a highly innovative workforce wellness product. Recently marketed to U.S. employers by at least 16 vendors, GWPs take advantage of low-cost DNA sequencing to detect genetic risk factors for an increasing array of diseases. The purpose of this research is to understand perceptions, concerns, and barriers related to GWPs, among employees from Black, White, and Asian backgrounds and different income levels. Approach Qualitative study with 3 focus groups (FGs). Setting Employees of large high-technology companies (deemed likely early GWP adopters). Respondents 21 individuals recruited online through User Interviews. Method FG guide developed via literature review and landscape analysis, and pre-tested. FGs led by a trained moderator and audio-recorded. Transcripts content analyzed for key themes. Results Nearly all respondents saw potential benefits to GWP participation for themselves or their families. However, there were profound differences in perceptions of risks to GWP participation between Black and White/Asian respondents. These differences surfaced in three broad areas: privacy and discrimination risks; family impact risks; and feelings about the employer. Willingness to participate in a GWP also varied between Black employee respondents and White and Asian employee respondents (including low-income White employees). Only 27% of Black employees would participate in GWP, compared to 90% of the other employees. Conclusion Most employees appear likely to support employer adoption of GWPs. However, Black employees report significant concerns regarding participation. Addressing these concerns through program design would benefit all employees, and could increase trust and uptake of GWPs.
Eylais degenerata Koenike 1897
Creators: name: Pešić, Vladimir
name: Chatterjee, Tapas
name: Bordoloi, Sabitry
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Trombidiformes
Eylaidae
Eylais
Eylais degenerata

description: Eylais degenerata Koenike, 1897
Records from the study area: Bihar, Uttar Pradesh—“ E. degenerata asiatica “ K. Viets (1926a, b); Kashmir— Lundblad (1934); Maharashtra, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Rajasthan—Cook (1967); Prasad (1974).
Habitat: Ponds, slowly flowing streams.
Distribution: Holarctic.
description: Published as part of Pešić, Vladimir, Chatterjee, Tapas & Bordoloi, Sabitry, 2010, A checklist of the water mites (Acari: Hydrachnidia) of India, with new records and description of one new species, pp. 1-54 in Zootaxa 2617 (1) on page 4, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2617.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/197964
The Social Effects of Entrepreneurship on Society and Some Potential Remedies: Four Provocations
Creators: name: Tucker, Hannah
name: Ruebottom, Trish
name: Shantz, Angelique Slade
name: Rindova, Violina
name: Eberhart, Robert
name: Lounsbury, Michael
name: Jennings, Dev
name: Toubiana, Madeline
name: Weiss, Tim
name: Meyer, John
name: Aldrich, Howard
name: Khorasani, Niki
name: Jennings, Jennifer
name: Goldfarb, Brent
name: Wadhwani, Daniel
name: Atkins, Rachel
name: Bromley, Patricia
name: Aldrich, Daniel
name: Kirsch, David
name: Nelson, Andrew
Publisher: name: SAGE Publications
Year: 2023

description: 
A rapidly growing research stream examines the social effects of entrepreneurship on society. This research assesses the rise of entrepreneurship as a dominant theme in society and studies how entrepreneurship contributes to the production and acceptance of socio-economic inequality regimes, social problems, class and power struggles, and systemic inequities. In this article, scholars present new perspectives on an organizational sociology-inspired research agenda of entrepreneurial capitalism and detail the potential remedies to bound the unfettered expansion of a narrow conception of entrepreneurship. Taken together, the essays put forward four central provocations: 1) reform the study and pedagogy of entrepreneurship by bringing in the humanities; 2) examine entrepreneurship as a cultural phenomenon shaping society; 3) go beyond the dominant biases in entrepreneurship research and pedagogy; and 4) explore alternative models to entrepreneurial capitalism. More scholarly work scrutinizing the entrepreneurship–society nexus is urgently needed, and these essays provide generative arguments toward further developing this research agenda.
Origin and Manipulation of Stable Vortex Ground States in Permalloy Nanotubes
Creators: name: Zimmermann, Michael
name: Meier, Thomas Norbert  G.
name: Dirnberger, Florian
name: Kákay, A.
name: Decker, M.
name: Wintz, S.
name: Finizio, S.
name: Josten, E.
name: Raabe, J.
name: Kronseder, Matthias
name: Bougeard, Dominique
name: Lindner, J.
name: Back, Christian
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Nanotube; anisotropic magnetoresistance; permalloy; vortex; ground state
subject: 530 Physik

description: We present a detailed study on the static magnetic properties of individual permalloy nanotubes (NTs) with hexagonal cross-sections. Anisotropic magnetoresistance (AMR) measurements and scanning transmission X-ray microscopy (STXM) are used to investigate their magnetic ground states and its stability. We find that the magnetization in zero applied magnetic field is in a very stable vortex state. Its origin is attributed to a strong growth-induced anisotropy with easy axis perpendicular to the long axis of the tubes. AMR measurements of individual NTs in combination with micromagnetic simulations allow the determination of the magnitude of the growth-induced anisotropy for different types of NT coatings. We show that the strength of the anisotropy can be controlled by introducing a buffer layer underneath the magnetic layer. The magnetic ground states depend on the external magnetic field history and are directly imaged using STXM. Stable vortex domains can be introduced by external magnetic fields and can be erased by radio-frequency magnetic fields applied at the center of the tubes via a strip line antenna.
A robust multigrid method for the time-dependent Stokes problem
Creators: name: Takacs, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In the present paper we propose a coupled multigrid method for generalized Stokes flow problems. Such problems occur as subproblems in implicit time-stepping approaches for time-dependent Stokes problems. The discretized Stokes system is a large-scale linear system whose condition number depends on the grid size of the spatial discretization and of the length of the time step. Recently, for this problem a coupled multigrid method has been proposed, where in each smoothing step a Poisson problem has to be solved (approximately) for the pressure field. In the present paper, we propose a coupled multigrid method where the solution of such sub-problems is not needed. We prove that the proposed method shows robust convergence behavior in the grid size of the spatial discretization and of the length of the time-step.
description: The research was funded by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF): J3362-N25. (The final version is available at http://epubs.siam.org/doi/10.1137/140969658)
High prevalence of low HDL-c in the Philippines compared to the U.S.: population differences in associations with diet and BMI
Creators: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of death in the Philippines, although few studies here have examined the lipid profiles underlying disease risk. The isolated low high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) phenotype has been implicated as a CVD risk factor, the prevalence of which exhibits significant variation across populations. To assess population variation in individual lipid components and their associations with diet and anthropometric characteristics, we compare lipid profiles in a population of adult Filipino women (n=1877) to U.S. women participating in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (n=477). We conducted multilinear regression models to assess the relationship between lipid components and BMI and dietary variables in the two populations. We measured the prevalence of lipid phenotypes, and logistic regression models determined the predictors of the isolated low HDL-c phenotype. HDL-c was lower in the Philippines (40.8±0.2 mg/dL) than in NHANES (60.7±0.7 mg/dL). The prevalence of the isolated low HDL-c phenotype was 28.8%, compared to 2.10% in NHANES. High prevalence among Filipinos was relatively invariant across all levels of BMI, but was strongly inversely related to BMI in NHANES and exhibited only at the BMI>25 kg/m2 threshold. Diet did not predict the low-HDL phenotype in Filipinos. Filipino women exhibit a high prevalence of the isolated low HDL-c phenotype, which is largely decoupled from anthropometric factors. The relationship of CVD to population variation in dyslipidemia and body composition needs further study, particularly in populations where the burden of cardiovascular and metabolic disease is rapidly increasing.
Online news media in Mimer: the challenge of metadata quality in e-legal deposit in Sweden
Creators: name: Philipson, Joakim
Publisher: name: IFLA  and Kungliga biblioteket - National Library of Sweden
Year: 2015

description: Mimer is an electronic archive for ingest and storage of e-legal deposit and otherdigital collections at the National Library of Sweden (NLS), handling a wide varietyof media types. The architecture of Mimer follows the OAIS, the Open ArchivalInformation System standard. A considerable part of the e-legal deposit materialhandled by Mimer comes from online news media
Coconut oil predicts a beneficial lipid profile in pre-menopausal women in the Philippines
Creators: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Coconut oil is a common edible oil in many countries, and there is mixed evidence for its effects on lipid profiles and cardiovascular disease risk. Here we examine the association between coconut oil consumption and lipid profiles in a cohort of 1,839 Filipino women (age 35–69 years) participating in the Cebu Longitudinal Health and Nutrition Survey, a community based study in Metropolitan Cebu City. Coconut oil intake was measured as individual coconut oil intake calculated using two 24-hour dietary recalls (9.54 ± 8.92 grams). Cholesterol profiles were measured in plasma samples collected after an overnight fast. Mean lipid values in this sample were total cholesterol (TC) (186.52 ± 38.86 mg/dL), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) (40.85 ± 10.30 mg/dL), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) (119.42 ± 33.21 mg/dL), triglycerides (130.75 ± 85.29 mg/dL) and the TC/HDL ratio (4.80 ± 1.41). Linear regression models were used to estimate the association between coconut oil intake and each plasma lipid outcome after adjusting for total energy intake, age, body mass index (BMI), number of pregnancies, education, menopausal status, household assets and urban residency. Dietary coconut oil intake was positively associated with HDL-c levels.
Degenerate spectrum in the neutrino mass anarchy with Wishart matrices and implications for $0νββ$ and $δ_{\rm CP}$
Creators: name: Jeong, Kwang Sik
name: Kitajima, Naoya
name: Takahashi, Fuminobu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that a degenerate neutrino mass spectrum can be realized in the neutrino mass anarchy hypothesis, if the neutrino Yukawa and right-handed neutrino mass matrices are given by the Wishart matrix, i.e. products of $N \times 3$ rectangular random matrices, whose eigenvalue distribution tends to degenerate for large $N$. The mixing angle and CP phase distributions are determined by either the Haar measure of U(3) or that of SO(3). We study how large $N$ is allowed to be without tension with the observed neutrino mass squared differences, and find that the predicted value of $m_{ee}$ can be within the reach of future $0νββ$ experiments especially for $N$ on the high side of the allowed range.
description: 19 pages, 7 figures
Cluster Analysis Reveals Important Determinants of Cardiometabolic Risk Patterns in Filipino Women
Creators: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: With modernization, the Philippines has experienced increasing rates of obesity and related cardiometabolic diseases. Studying how risk factors cluster in individuals may offer insight into cardiometabolic disease etiology. We used cluster analysis to group women who share the following cardiometabolic biomarkers: fasting triglycerides, HDL-C and LDL-C, C-reactive protein, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, and fasting glucose. Participants included 1,768 women (36–69 y) in the Cebu Longitudinal Health and Nutrition Survey. We identified 5 distinct clusters characterized by: (1) low levels of all risk factors (except HDL-C and LDL-C) or “healthy”, (2) low HDL-C in the absence of other risk factors, (3) elevated blood pressure, (4) insulin resistance, and (5) high C-reactive protein. We identified predictors of cluster membership using multinomial logistic regression. Clusters differed by age, menopausal status, socioeconomic status, saturated fat intake, and combinations of overweight (BMI>23) and high waist circumference (>80cm). In comparison to the healthy cluster, overweight women without high waist circumference were more likely to be in the high CRP cluster (OR 4=2.26, 95% CI=1.24; 4.11), while women with high waist circumference and not overweight were more likely to be in the elevated blood pressure (OR 2.56, 95% CI=1.20; 5.46) or insulin resistant clusters (OR 4.05, 95% CI=1.39; 11.81). In addition, a diet lower in saturated fat uniquely increased the likelihood of membership to the low HDL-C cluster. Cluster analysis identified biologically meaningful groups, predicted by modifiable risk factors; this may have implications for the prevention of cardiometabolic diseases.
Efficient smoothers for all-at-once multigrid methods for Poisson and Stokes control problems
Creators: name: Takacs, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In the present paper we concentrate on an important issue in constructing a good multigrid solver: the choice of an efficient smoother. We will introduce all-at-once multigrid solvers for optimal control problems which show robust convergence in the grid size and in the regularization parameter. We will refer to recent publications that guarantee such a convergence behavior. These publications do not pay much attention to the construction of the smoother and suggest to use a normal equation smoother. We will see that using a Gauss Seidel like variant of this smoother, the overall multigrid solver is speeded up by a factor of about two with no additional work. The author will give a proof which indicates that also the Gauss Seidel like variant of the smoother is covered by the convergence theory. Numerical experiments suggest that the proposed method are competitive with Vanka type methods.
description: The research was funded by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF): J3362-N25. The original publication is available at http://www.springerlink.com
A consistent hierarchy of generalized kinetic equation approximations to the chemical master equation applied to surface catalysis
Creators: name: Herschlag, Gregory
name: Mitran, Sorin
name: Lin, Guang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a hierarchy of approximations to the master equation for systems that exhibit translational invariance and finite-range spatial correlation. Each approximation within the hierarchy is a set of ordinary differential equations that considers spatial correlations of varying lattice distance; the assumption is that the full system will have finite spatial correlations and thus the behavior of the models within the hierarchy will approach that of the full system. We provide evidence of this convergence in the context of one- and two-dimensional numerical examples. Lower levels within the hierarchy that consider shorter spatial correlations, are shown to be up to three orders of magnitude faster than traditional kinetic Monte Carlo methods (KMC) for one-dimensional systems, while predicting similar system dynamics and steady states as KMC methods. We then test the hierarchy on a two-dimensional model for the oxidation of CO on RuO2(110), showing that low-order truncations of the hierarchy efficiently capture the essential system dynamics. By considering sequences of models in the hierarchy that account for longer spatial correlations, successive model predictions may be used to establish empirical approximation of error estimates. The hierarchy may be thought of as a class of generalized phenomenological kinetic models since each element of the hierarchy approximates the master equation and the lowest level in the hierarchy is identical to a simple existing phenomenological kinetic models.
South Korea’s entry to the global food economy: Shifts in consumption of food between 1998 and 2009
Creators: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Korea has undergone a major opening of its food markets and economy in the past decade. Little is understood about the impact of these shifts on the diet of Koreans. This analysis studies the shifts in consumption of foods between 1998 and 2009 to provide a thorough understanding of the transition and insights into directions in the next decades in Korea. Data are from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES), a nationally representative sample of individuals age ≥2 in 1998 and 2009 (n=10,267 and 9,264, respectively). The data are corrected for seasonality, and the original raw food data are regrouped into 53 food groups. SAS is used to adjust for design effects and weight the results. Despite a decade of efforts to increase whole grains intake and fruit and vegetable intake, the mean intake of whole grains increased only a small amount (+16 kcal/person/d); however, the proportion consuming any whole grains doubled from 24% to 46.3%. Rice declined significantly, and several important less healthful food trends emerged: total Alcohol intake increased from 39 kcal/person/d to 82 kcal/person/d. Also, energy from Sugar-Sweetened Beverages increased among teens and energy from Tea & Coffee increased among adults. Remarkably, compared to other Asian countries and a general worldwide trend, vegetable intake remained very high in South Korea during this last decade while fat energy increased modestly from very low levels. Dynamic causes of these trends and the government’s response are discussed.
Front Matter
Creators: name: North Carolina Journal of European Studies
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2023

description: Beginning content for journal issue including: General information about the journal; Director's Note from Priscilla Layne, Director of the Center for European Studies and Kathleen Shanahan Lindner, Executive Director, Center for European Studies; list of members of the Editorial Team and Advisory Board; Managing Editor and author biographies; Table of Contents
Polyakov-loop suppression of colored states in a quark-meson-diquark plasma
Creators: name: Blaschke, D.
name: Dubinin, A.
name: Buballa, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A quark-meson-diquark plasma is considered within the PNJL model for dynamical chiral symmetry breaking and restoration in quark matter. Based on a generalized Beth-Uhlenbeck approach to mesons and diquarks we present the thermodynamics of this system including the Mott dissociation of mesons and diquarks at finite temperature. A striking result is the suppression of the diquark abundance below the chiral restoration temperature by the coupling to the Polyakov loop, because of their color degree of freedom. This is understood in close analogy to the suppression of quark distributions by the same mechanism. Mesons as color singlets are unaffected by the Polyakov-loop suppression. At temperatures above the chiral restoration mesons and diquarks are both suppressed due to the Mott effect, whereby the positive resonance contribution to the pressure is largely compensated by the negative scattering contribution in accordance with the Levinson theorem.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures, references added, discussion of Beth-Uhlenbeck approach and Levinson theorem extended; version to appear in Phys. Rev. D
title: Münchner Beiträge zur jüdischen Geschichte und Kultur, Nr. 2 (2011): Das neue Sefarad – das moderne Spanien und sein jüdisches Erbe
title: Das neue Sefarad – das moderne Spanien und sein jüdisches Erbe
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Münchner Beiträge Zur Jüdischen Geschichte Und Kultur
Publisher: name: Münchner Beiträge zur jüdischen Geschichte und Kultur
Year: 2023

description: „Jewish Voices in the German Sixties. Jüdische Stimmen im Diskurs der sechziger Jahre“...122-128 Oma Clemens Reise nach Argentinien...112-121 Zwischen Europäisierung und Verdrängung...97-111 Der Mythos ‚Franco als Judenretter‘...80-96 Zwischen Nationalkatholizismus und Philosefardismus...65-79 Who is who?...59-65 Die Wiederentdeckung des ‚Jüdischen Spanien‘...41-58 „Wer kann alle Scharteken erzehlen die aus Holland zu uns kommen“...30-40 Die moderne Vorbildfunktion des mittelalterlichen Spanien...7-29
Defined ToBRFV-resistant tomato varieties
Creators: name: Bai, Y.
name: Dombrovsky, A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Deliverable 3.1 aims at finding ToBRFV resistance in tomato wild relatives and to introgress them into tomato cultivars. The H2020 project VIRTIGATION - Emerging viral diseases in tomatoes and cucurbits: Implementation of mitigation strategies for durable disease management - has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under Grant Agreement No. 101000570.
Trends in Chinese Snacking Behaviors and Patterns and the Social-Demographic Role between 1991 and 2009
Creators: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: This study investigates the dynamic shifts in snacking behaviors and patterns in China. Using four waves (1991, 2004, 2006, and 2009) from the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) with full socioeconomic and demographic data and 3-day, 24-hour dietary recall data, 45,402 individuals age two and older were studied. Multiple logistic regressions were performed to examine the association of social-demographic factors on snacking behaviors. Results show that snacking prevalence, frequency of daily snacking occasions, and percentage of total daily energy intake (EI) from snacks increased significantly across all ages between 1991 and 2009, with a dramatic increase after 2004. Snacking was much more prevalent among children and higher-income, urban, and educated populations over time. Evening was the preferred snacking occasion, and the proportion of total daily EI from snacks varied between 4.1% and 12.3% for all snackers by age. Fruits, grains, and beverages were the most popular snacks and the highest contributors to snacking EI over all age groups. A marked transition from a tradition of two or three meals per day toward meals combined with snacks is underway. Further research is needed to develop a better understanding of the nutritional implications of Chinese snacking behaviors.
An exact solution for Stokes flow in a channel with arbitrarily large wall permeability
Creators: name: Herschlag, Gregory J.
name: Liu, Jian-Guo
name: Layton, Anita T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive an exact solution for Stokes flow in an in a channel with permeable walls. We assume that at the channel walls, the normal component of the fluid velocity is described by Darcy's law and the tangential component of the fluid velocity is described by the no slip condition. The pressure exterior to the channel is assumed to be constant. Although this problem has been well studied, typical studies assume that the permeability of the wall is small relative to other non-dimensional parameters; this work relaxes this assumption and explores a regime in parameter space that has not yet been well studied. A consequence of this relaxation is that transverse velocity is no longer necessarily small when compared with the axial velocity. We use our result to explore how existing asymptotic theories break down in the limit of large permeability.
GMO Framing in the United States and European Union
Creators: name: Hunter, Jacob
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2023

description: Genetically modified organisms (GMOs) have been highly controversial in the United States and
the European Union as a result of increasing scientific advancements in biotechnology. The
political framing of GMOs in mainstream media plays an important role in developing public
opinion and legislation due to the complexity of the issue. This paper analyzes how the frames
used in United States and European Union media to advocate or protest GMOs can influence public
policy in their respective location. Security and efficiency are popular frames used by proponents
of GMOs and resonate with capitalist ideologies in the United States. Safety and ethics are popular
frames used by opponents of GMOs and are appealing to the precautionary nature of the European
Union. In each location, GMO framing in the media has been and will continue to be a powerful
motivator for public opinion and policy change.
Polytomous Cognitive Diagnosis Testlet Model 多级评分认知诊断题组模型
Creators: name: Zhou, Wenjie
name: Guo, Lei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: Educational psychology
Testing, assessment and psychometrics
Psychological methodology, design and analysis

description: This research proposed the Polytomous Cognitive Diagnosis Testlet Model (PCDTM), which is suitable for dichotomous response data and polytomous response data and can also handle within-item multidimensional testlet effects. To investigate the performance of the PCDTM, we presented a simulation study and an empirical study.
 Results indicated that: (1)The PCDTM model is reasonable and effective, and accurate parameter estimation results can be obtained regardless of whether the answer data contain testlet effects or not; (2) as the sample size, item quality, and the number of item increase, the accuracy of estimation of the examinees' parameters, item parameters, and testlet parameters would be improved; (3) ignoring testlet effects will decrease the item parameter estimation accuracy and the examinees' accuracy rate, and even the estimation results may be confused. The results of the empirical study of the 2012 large-scale test in mathematics also show that the PCDTM model fits better and has accurate parameter estimation, which is more suitable for processing testlet data in actual data. This online resource is an R code of the PCDTM model with a specific Q, U, and Y matrix. Users can use this code to obtain the MCMC estimation of PCDTM to get the item, testlet effect, and examinee parameters.
Global symmetries of Yang-Mills squared in various dimensions
Creators: name: Anastasiou, A.
name: Borsten, L.
name: Hughes, M. J.
name: Nagy, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 83E50, 17B25, 22E60

description: Tensoring two on-shell super Yang-Mills multiplets in dimensions $D\leq 10$ yields an on-shell supergravity multiplet, possibly with additional matter multiplets. Associating a (direct sum of) division algebra(s) $\mathbb{D}$ with each dimension $3\leq D\leq 10$ we obtain formulae for the algebras $\mathfrak{g}$ and $\mathfrak{h}$ of the U-duality group $G$ and its maximal compact subgroup $H$, respectively, in terms of the internal global symmetry algebras of each super Yang-Mills theory. We extend our analysis to include supergravities coupled to an arbitrary number of matter multiplets by allowing for non-supersymmetric multiplets in the tensor product.
description: 25 pages, 2 figures, references added, minor typos corrected, further comments on sec. 2.4 included, updated to match version to appear in JHEP
A technique for updating hierarchical skeletonization-based factorizations of integral operators
Creators: name: Minden, Victor
name: Damle, Anil
name: Ho, Kenneth L.
name: Ying, Lexing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65R20, 15A23, 65F30

description: We present a method for updating certain hierarchical factorizations for solving linear integral equations with elliptic kernels. In particular, given a factorization corresponding to some initial geometry or material parameters, we can locally perturb the geometry or coefficients and update the initial factorization to reflect this change with asymptotic complexity that is polylogarithmic in the total number of unknowns and linear in the number of perturbed unknowns. We apply our method to the recursive skeletonization factorization and hierarchical interpolative factorization and demonstrate scaling results for a number of different 2D problem setups.
description: 24 pages. Changed one of the numerical examples in Section 5
Lipid metabolism in the neural stem cell niche of Drosophila
Creators: name: Islimye, Eva Flore Charlotte
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2021

description: During development, neural stem cells (NSCs) generate the neurons and glia of the central nervous system (CNS). They are known to proliferate within a specialised local microenvironment, called the niche. Recent work in mammals and insects indicates that lipid metabolism is important for regulating the divisions of NSCs. In Drosophila, powerful genetics and well characterised CNS architecture provide a useful model in which to study lipid metabolism in the glia of the NSC niche. Oxidative stress, characterised by high reactive oxygen species (ROS), induces lipid droplets (LDs) in niche glia. These LDs function to protect against ROS-induced lipid peroxidation, not only in the glia themselves but also in the neighbouring NSCs, called neuroblasts (NBs). In this thesis, I use cell type-specific genetic manipulations and labelled fatty acids (FAs) to investigate the origin of the lipid cargo in the triacylglyceride (TAG) core of glial LDs. I present multiple lines of evidence that oxidative stress triggers neurons to release FAs via a process that requires mitochondrial components. These extracellular FAs are then taken up by glia and trafficked via diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1 (DGAT1) into the TAG core of LDs. I used DGAT1 and adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) manipulations to demonstrate that FA flux through the TAG-rich LDs of glia is beneficial for NB proliferation. In contrast, FA flux through TAG in the NBs themselves is deleterious for proliferation during stress. Together, these findings are consistent with a model whereby oxidative stress triggers neurons to release potentially toxic FAs that are preferentially captured and processed in niche glia in order to safeguard the proliferation of NBs. The work in this thesis reveals metabolic crosstalk between the three main cell types of the developing CNS that may also be relevant in disease contexts known to be associated with ectopic LDs.
Dominance to Detestation: The Emergence of Afrophobia in Western Europe
Creators: name: Kennedy, Kezia
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2023

description: This research delves into the roots and manifestations of Afrophobia, a term referring to
discriminatory beliefs and actions against Africans and their descendants. Focusing on the United
Kingdom (UK), the study investigates why pervasive hatred persists and how these beliefs are
manifested in Western European society. By examining the historical relationship between Britain
and Africa, the paper reveals the evolution of European behavior towards African immigrants. The
analysis highlights concerns of Afro-Europeans about white counterparts, tracing the origins of
Afrophobia from European colonization to the present. Despite pushes towards equality in recent
decades, Afrophobia endures- a direct result of the deep-seated history between the United
Kingdom and the African continent. This paper seeks to acknowledge the complexity of the
situation, a step towards dismantling prejudice and driving meaningful change.
Should Italy Remain in the European Union?
Creators: name: Lindell, Dallia
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2023

description: The increased integration of Europe has prompted many Italians to become more Eurosceptic. Italian euroscepticism has ramped up amid issues caused by an influx in migration to Italy's southern Mediterranean border. As the migrant population increases, the perception of Italian welfare decreases due to resource shortages and security breaches. Amid the electoral victory of Giorgia Meloni and her party, Fratellli D'Italia, in 2022, many Italians now have hope for socioeconomic change. Fratelli D'Italia's neo-fascist roots have been a cause for concern within the European Union (EU). Many member states are weary that Italy will invoke conflict or consider leaving the EU (an "Italexit") in an attempt to accomplish their political agenda. This analysis argues an integrated interest-based method of negotiation resolves the tension between the EU and Italy. Five solutions that incorporate both Italian and EU-based tactics provide a resolution to the immigration issue while maintaining the Italian membership.