cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: The Impact of Formative Assessment Cycles on Students' Attitudes and Achievement in a Large-Enrollment Undergraduate Introductory Statistics Course
Creators: name: Hadfield, KimberLeigh Felix
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2023

description: This study aimed to investigate the impact of student attitudes toward statistics and student achievement after engaging in large-enrollment introductory statistics course curriculum using continuous formative assessments with feedback and reassessment opportunities. This framework, called Formative Assessment Cycles (FACs) was implanted, providing students formative assessments both in and out of the classroom, with feedback and reassessment. A quasi-experimental, quantitative research design allowed for the investigation of course achievement from pre-FACs to FACs semesters using regression discontinuity methodology. Changes in attitudes from pre- to post-survey in semesters using a curriculum with FACs were analyzed by multilevel regression techniques. Course achievement improved in the co-requisite introductory statistics course using FACs for those who have less mathematical knowledge, suggesting the need for co-requisite courses and formative feedback and reassessment to provide students successful pathways to achieve their quantitative literacy requirement. Additionally, students with higher course achievement had significantly better attitudes towards statistics than their peers with lower final course grades. These students experienced more appreciation for the course and the science of statistics in their field of study, improved feelings of competence to do statistical calculations, and believed the course was less confusing and easier than they first believed at pre-survey. These attitudes exhibited in this study were higher than previous studies on students’ attitudes toward statistics, suggesting that students who have opportunities to learn from their mistakes enjoy their introductory statistics class better and feel empowered by their newfound understanding.
Barjols, place de la Rouguière, des enfants et un jeune homme costumés posent devant le boeuf embroché
Creators: name: Musée National Des Arts Et Traditions Populaires (Paris)
name: Centre D'ethnologie Française
Publisher: name: École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales; Institut  interdisciplinaire d'anthropologie du contemporain (Paris); Laboratoire d'anthropologie et d'histoire de l'institution de la culture (Paris)
Year: 2024

Abstract
title: Creative Arts Interventions for Stress Management and Prevention – A Systematic Review
Creators: name: Martin, Lily
name: Oepen, Renate
name: Bauer, Katharina
name: Nottensteiner, Alina
name: Mergheim, Katja
name: Gruber, Harald
name: Koch, Sabine
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Creative Arts Therapies (CATs)
subject: arts interventions
subject: art
subject: music
subject: dance
subject: drama
subject: stress
subject: prevention
subject: systematic review
subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Stress is one of the world’s largest health problems, leading to exhaustion, burnout, anxiety, a weak immune system, or even organ damage. In Germany, stress-induced work absenteeism costs about 20 billion Euros per year. Therefore, it is not surprising that the Central Federal Association of[for full text, please go to the a.m. URL]
description: Forschungstagung der Wissenschaftlichen Fachgesellschaft für Künstlerische Therapien (WFKT) 2018
Structure and applications of real C*-algebras
Creators: name: Rosenberg, Jonathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: K-Theory and Homology (math.KT)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 46L35 (Primary) 19K35, 19L64, 22E46, 81T30, 46L85, 19L50 (Secondary)

description: For a long time, practitioners of the art of operator algebras always worked over the complex numbers, and nobody paid much attention to real C*-algebras. Over the last thirty years, that situation has changed, and it's become apparent that real C*-algebras have a lot of extra structure not evident from their complexifications. At the same time, interest in real C*-algebras has been driven by a number of compelling applications, for example in the classification of manifolds of positive scalar curvature, in representation theory, and in the study of orientifold string theories. We will discuss a number of interesting examples of these, and how the real Baum-Connes conjecture plays an important role.
description: 32 pages
title: Zur diagnostischen Bedeutung von Gartengestaltung für die Erfassung mentaler Gesundheit – Studienprotokoll einer Pilotstudie
Creators: name: Niedermann, Christina
name: Ostermann, Thomas
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Hintergrund: Die Diagnostik mentaler Gesundheit stellt einen der Hauptpfeiler der klinischen Psychologie dar. Bisherige Studien zu zeichnerischen und Gestaltungsverfahren wie dem House-Tree-Person-Test (HTP), oder dem Baumzeichentest zeigen, dass diese eine hohe prognostische Güte für die[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: Forschungstagung der Wissenschaftlichen Fachgesellschaft für Künstlerische Therapien (WFKT) 2018
Induction of innate immune genes in brain create the neurobiology of addiction
Creators: name: Zou, Jian
name: Qin, Liya
name: Crews, F. T.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Addiction occurs through repeated abuse of drugs that progressively reduce behavioral control and cognitive flexibility while increasing limbic negative emotion. Recent discoveries indicate neuroimmune signaling underlies addiction and co-morbid depression. Low threshold microglia undergo progressive stages of innate immune activation involving astrocytes and neurons with repeated drug abuse, stress, and/or cell damage signals. Increased brain NF-κB transcription of proinflammatory chemokines, cytokines, oxidases, proteases, TLR and other genes create loops amplifying NF-κB transcription and innate immune target gene expression. Human post-mortem alcoholic brain has increased NF-κB and NF-κB target gene message, increased microglial markers and chemokine-MCP1. Polymorphisms of human NF-κB1 and other innate immune genes contribute to genetic risk for alcoholism. Animal transgenic and genetic studies link NF-κB innate immune gene expression to alcohol drinking. Human drug addicts show deficits in behavioral flexibility modeled pre-clinically using reversal learning. Binge alcohol, chronic cocaine, and lesions link addiction neurobiology to frontal cortex, neuroimmune signaling and loss of behavioral flexibility. Addiction also involves increasing limbic negative emotion and depression-like behavior that is reflected in hippocampal neurogenesis. Innate immune activation parallels loss of neurogenesis and increased depression-like behavior. Protection against loss of neurogenesis and negative affect by anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-depressant, opiate antagonist and abstinence from ethanol dependence link limbic affect to changes in innate immune signaling. The hypothesis that innate immune gene induction underlies addiction and affective disorders creates new targets for therapy.
Interleukin (IL)-1 and IL-6 regulation of neural progenitor cell proliferation with hippocampal injury: Differential regulatory pathways in the subgranular zone (SGZ) of the adolescent and mature mouse brain
Creators: name: McPherson, C. A.
name: Harry, G. J.
name: Aoyama, M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Current data suggests an association between elevations in interleukin 1 (IL-1)α, IL-1β, and IL-6 and the proliferation of neural progenitor cells (NPCs) following brain injury. A limited amount of work implicates changes in these pro-inflammatory responses with diminished NPC proliferation observed as a function of aging. In the current study, adolescent (21 day-old) and 1 yr-old CD1 male mice were injected with trimethyltin (TMT, 2.3 mg/kg, i.p.) to produce acute apoptosis of hippocampal dentate granule cells. In this model, fewer 5-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine (BrdU)+ NPC were observed in both naive and injured adult hippocampus as compared to the corresponding number seen in adolescent mice. At 48 h post-TMT, a similar level of neuronal death was observed across ages, yet activated amoeboid microglia were observed in the adolescent and hypertrophic process-bearing microglia in the adult. IL-1α mRNA levels were elevated in the adolescent hippocampus; IL-6 mRNA levels were elevated in the adult. In subgranular zone (SGZ) isolated by laser-capture microdissection, IL-1β was detected but not elevated by TMT, IL-1α was elevated at both ages, while IL-6 was elevated only in the adult. Naïve NPCs isolated from the hippocampus expressed transcripts for IL-1R1, IL-6Rα, and gp-130 with significantly higher levels of IL-6Rα mRNA in the adult. In vitro, IL-1α (150pg/ml) stimulated proliferation of adolescent NPCs; IL-6 (10ng/ml) inhibited proliferation of adolescent and adult NPCs. Microarray analysis of SGZ post-TMT indicated a prominence of IL-1α/IL-1R1 signaling in the adolescent and IL-6/gp130 signaling in the adult.
Do environments in infancy moderate the association between stress and inflammation in adulthood? Initial evidence from a birth cohort in the Philippines
Creators: name: Borja, Judith B.
name: Kuzawa, Christopher
name: Hoke, Morgan
name: McDade, Thomas W.
name: Adair, Linda S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Chronic inflammation is a potentially important pathway through which psychosocial stressors increase risk for cardiovascular disease. However, prior research on stress and inflammation has been conducted almost exclusively in high income, industrialized populations with low levels of infectious disease. In this study we test the hypothesis that psychosocial stressors are associated with elevated concentrations of C-reactive protein (CRP) among young adults in the Philippines (n=1,622), who have grown up in an ecological and epidemiological setting that differs substantially from that of the US. In addition, we apply a developmental, ecological perspective to consider whether microbial and nutritional environments in infancy alter patterns of association between stressors and CRP. Data come from the Cebu Longitudinal Health and Nutrition Survey, a prospective cohort study that began collecting data in 1983-84 when participants were in utero. A series of regression models indicate trends toward significant interactions between perceived stress and environmental factors in infancy, including exposure to animal feces, season of birth, and birth weight. Parental absence in childhood was a significant predictor of CRP in adulthood in interaction with exposure to animal feces in infancy. Positive associations between stressors and CRP were only evident for individuals with lower levels of microbial exposure in infancy, or lower birth weight. These results suggest that early environments influence the development of inflammatory phenotypes in ways that moderate sensitivity to psychosocial stressors in adulthood, and they underscore the value of a comparative, developmental approach to research on social environments, inflammation, and disease.
title: Entwicklung eines quantitativen Ratinginstruments für zweidimensionale bildnerische Arbeiten (RizbA)
Creators: name: Schoch, Kerstin
name: Ostermann, Thomas
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Bildanalyse
subject: Bildende Kunst
subject: Bildlicher Ausdruck
subject: Fragebogen
subject: Kunsttherapie
subject: Methodik
subject: Psychologie
subject: Quantitative Methoden
subject: Ratinginstrument
subject: Testkonstruktion
subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Eine grundlegende Annahme der Kunsttherapie ist, dass das Gestaltete etwas mit der Gestaltenden zu tun hat. Sie umfasst verschiedenste differentialpsychologische sowie klinische Konstrukte. Quantitativ wurde diese Hypothese jedoch bislang kaum überprüft, da es an entsprechenden empirischen[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: Forschungstagung der Wissenschaftlichen Fachgesellschaft für Künstlerische Therapien (WFKT) 2018
Australian birds track climate warming over decades via shifts in bill morphology.
Creators: name: Subasinghe, Kalya
name: M. Prober, Suzanne
name: Williams, Kristen J.
name: Ware, Chris
name: Gardner, Janet L.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 310406
subject: Evolutionary impacts of climate change

description: This study investigated associations between bill size and changes in climate extremes using 4119 museum specimens of Australian passerines (Meliphagides). Location-specific climate data from 20 years prior to the collection of each specimen was used to test whether changes in summer (≥35°C) and winter (<5°C) extremes were associated with bill size variation as predicted by thermal physiology.
title: Preservice Teacher Engineering Design Teaching Efficacy
Creators: name: Wheeler, Laura
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2023

description: Science educators are tasked with enacting The Next Generation Science Standards that include engineering core ideas and practices. Many teacher preparation programs and content courses do not include or require engineering design leading many science teachers to believe they are unprepared to teach engineering design. The lack of experience and belief of being unprepared to teach engineering design results in preservice educators’ lack of engineering design teaching self-efficacy. Preparation programs inclusion of efficacy in is essential to understanding later enactment. This mixed-method case study researched the engineering design teaching self-efficacy of eleven preservice educators during an engineering design unit taught in a science methods II course at a university in the western U.S. The changes in preservice educator self-efficacy over the development and delivery of an engineering design unit was explored to describe fluctuations and elements of the engineering design unit that influenced efficacy. This researcher triangulated journals, focus groups, journey maps, video protocols, and instructor session notes to better describe the influence of the elements of an engineering design unit on preservice educator efficacy development. The analysis revealed that the engineering design unit included elements that facilitated sensemaking leading to task competency beliefs. These engineering designs teaching self-efficacy beliefs developed over time with wavelike fluctuations. Preservice educator engineering design teaching self- efficacy progresses from onset, developing, emerging, to maturing. Fluctuation in efficacy is consistent with progression if preservice educators receive mentorship to facilitate sensemaking through the process. To reach the efficacy maturing stage, teachers need the autonomy to enact engineering design curriculum and needed science education reforms. It is expected that a description of developmental engineering efficacy will assist professional learning instructors and curriculum developers to increase enactment of engineering design in secondary science classrooms. Student engagement and engineering literacy may result when teachers have increased engineering design teaching self-efficacy.
Coupling ferroelectricity with spin-valley physics in oxide-based heterostructure
Creators: name: Yamauchi, Kunihiko
name: Barone, Paolo
name: Shishidou, Tatsuya
name: Oguchi, Tamio
name: Picozzi, Silvia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The coupling of spin and valley physics is nowadays regarded as a promising route toward next-generation spintronic and valleytronic devices. In the aim of engineering functional properties for valleytronic applications, we focus on the ferroelectric heterostructure BiAlO3/BiIrO3, where the complex interplay among trigonal crystal field, layer degrees of freedom and spin-orbit coupling mediates a strong spin-valley coupling. Furthermore, we show that ferroelectricity provides a non-volatile handle to manipulate and switch the emerging valley-contrasting spin polarization.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, submitted for publication
title: Kunsttherapie bei Borderline – Persönlichkeitsstörung
Creators: name: Stanoeva, Avgustina
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Borderline-Persönlichkeitsstörung
subject: Projektive Identifizierung
subject: Container
subject: Bewegung
subject: Verortung
subject: Abgrenzung
subject: Soziale Interaktion
subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Die vorliegende Arbeit untersucht die Phänomene Bewegung, Verortung und Abgrenzung bei PatientInnen mit einer Borderline-Persönlichkeitsstörung (BPS). Die Herausforderungen der therapeutischen Behandlung von Betroffenen sind auf deren charakteristische Impulsivität und affektive [zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: Forschungstagung der Wissenschaftlichen Fachgesellschaft für Künstlerische Therapien (WFKT) 2018
title: Tsunami monitoring with offshore DART systems: investigations regarding automatic triggers on the New Zealand DART NZA
Creators: name: Roger, Jean H.M.
name: Power, William L.
name: Wang, Xiaoming
name: Burbidge, David R.
name: Davison, Anna
name: Ashraf, Salman
name: Fensom, Jessica
name: Hanson, Jonathan B.
Publisher: name: GNS Science
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/03vaqfv64
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: In 2019, Aotearoa New Zealand started deploying a newly designed Deep-ocean Assessment and Reporting of Tsunami (DART) network comprising 12 oceanic bottom pressure recorders (BPRs) communicating to the National Geohazards Monitoring Centre (NGMC) by means of surface buoys equipped with satellite transmitters. A few months after its deployment, DART NZA, located ~2600 m deep offshore Cook Strait and the closest to New Zealand’s capital city Wellington, began intermittent automatic triggering due to unexpected signal variations of unknown origin. Over time, more and more of these NZA auto triggers occurred, each one requiring the duty officers, and subsequently the Tsunami Experts Panel (TEP) of New Zealand, to assess the potential hazard. Adjacent DART systems and coastal gauges were closely monitored for several hours following NZA auto triggers, but none showed any similar or related signals. To investigate the cause of the auto triggers at NZA, a series of hypotheses were developed for their origin, including system issue(s), internal waves, seismicity, underwater disturbances (e.g. turbidity currents, landslides), seafloor pockmark-related gas emissions, anthropogenic activities (e.g. large ships, geophysics exploration, etc.) and biologic activities (e.g. marine mammals, fishes, etc.). This report presents the data recorded by NZA, the different types of auto triggered signals observed and the investigations related to the different hypotheses. Finally, it proposes recommendations for further investigations (auths)
title: Psychosoziale Belastung im Berufsfeld Kunsttherapie
Creators: name: Teichmann, Sarah
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Ziel der Studie ist die Ermittlung der psychosozialen Belastung für Kunsttherapeut*innen im Beruf. Das Gesundheits- und Sozialsystem ist überdurchschnittlich stark durch die Anforderungen der Beschäftigungssituation belastet, wie der „Stressreport Deutschland“ des[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: Forschungstagung der Wissenschaftlichen Fachgesellschaft für Künstlerische Therapien (WFKT) 2018
Efficient numerical solution of acoustic scattering from doubly-periodic arrays of axisymmetric objects
Creators: name: Liu, Yuxiang
name: Barnett, Alex H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We present a high-order accurate boundary-based solver for three-dimensional (3D) frequency-domain scattering from a doubly-periodic grating of smooth axisymmetric sound-hard or transmission obstacles. We build the one-obstacle solution operator using separation into P azimuthal modes via the FFT, the method of fundamental solutions (with N proxy points lying on a curve), and dense direct least-squares solves; the effort is O(N^3P) with a small constant. Periodizing then combines fast multipole summation of nearest neighbors with an auxiliary global Helmholtz basis expansion to represent the distant contributions, and enforcing quasi-periodicity and radiation conditions on the unit cell walls. Eliminating the auxiliary coefficients, and preconditioning with the one-obstacle solution operator, leaves a well-conditioned square linear system that is solved iteratively. The solution time per incident wave is then O(NP) at fixed frequency. Our scheme avoids singular quadratures, periodic Green's functions, and lattice sums, and its convergence rate is unaffected by resonances within obstacles. We include numerical examples such as scattering from a grating of period 13 λ x 13λ of highly-resonant sound-hard "cups" each needing NP = 64800 surface unknowns, to 10-digit accuracy, in half an hour on a desktop.
description: 22 pages, 9 figures, submitted to Journal of Computational Physics
title: Architectural Design of Hybrid Battery Energy Storage Systems With Integrated Active Balancing and Reconditioning Control
Creators: name: Rasheed, Marium
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2023

description: The transportation sector is a significant contributor to global greenhouse gas emissions. Adopting electric vehicles (EVs) has been recognized as a critical strategy to decarbonize this sector. Energy storage systems, primarily consisting of batteries, play a crucial role in realizing equitable electric mobility solutions. However, technical challenges, such as limitations in battery capacity, power, energy, lifetime, and cost, hinder the widespread adoption of electric mobility and energy storage solutions. Optimizing battery systems for energy and power density targets with a single-chemistry solution is complex and costly, requiring new battery development for each target set. This dissertation proposes a novel composite hybrid energy storage system (CHESS) that offers a solution by integrating energy-dense and power-dense energy storage elements in a single unit at a system level. The CHESS architecture provides more flexibility to meet a range of power and energy density targets using existing chemistries without requiring a new battery design for every set of targets and reduces the energy storage weight. It balances energy between the two battery packs to enhance their utilization and performance while providing power to auxiliary loads under dynamic loads. The dissertation proposes a novel power converter topology to mitigate mismatches in the characteristics of battery cells, enabling a prolonged life. As EV adoption proliferates, many retired lithium-ion batteries are expected to be discarded, leading to environmental, public health and safety, economic, and sustainability concerns. Utilizing the remaining capacity in retired lithium-ion batteries for second-life applications has demonstrated economic and environmental benefits. However, achieving homogeneity among the cells before the second life is critical in exploiting these benefits. This dissertation proposes a new active reconditioning approach that could make short-term reconditioning of batteries before their second life feasible. The control strategy can achieve homogeneity in cell capacities while providing ancillary services to the grid. This thesis represents a significant advancement in the field of hybrid battery systems. The proposed innovations in architectural design, operation, and active balancing control, coupled with the pioneering reconditioning solution for retired EV batteries, contribute to state-of-the-art energy storage technologies.
Turnaround radius in an accelerated universe with quasi-local mass
Creators: name: Faraoni, Valerio
name: Lapierre-Léonard, Marianne
name: Prain, Angus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply the Hawking-Hayward quasi-local energy construct to obtain in a rigorous way the turnaround radius of cosmic structures in General Relativity. A splitting of this quasi-local mass into local and cosmological parts describes the interplay between local attraction and cosmological expansion.
description: Updated to accepted JCAP version
Evidence for TNFα action on excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmission in the central amygdala: A brain site influenced by stress
Creators: name: Criswell, Hugh E.
name: Breese, George R.
name: Ming, Zhen
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Anxiety-like responses to stress are accompanied by elevation of brain cytokine-mRNAs. Because cytokines microinjected into central-amygdala (CeA) substitute for stress in a behavioral paradigm, the possibility was raised that cytokines increased by stress influence behavior by affecting CeA-neural activity. Previously, cytokines increased firing-rate of CeA-neurons comparable to that induced by corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF). In this investigation, tumor-necrosis-factor-α (TNFα) increased amplitude, but not frequency of mEPSCs from CeA-neurons. Additionally, TNFα decreased the threshold for triggering action potentials from CeA-neurons without altering membrane-properties during current-clamp recording. Glutamate-receptor-antagonist blockade of mEPSCs and the TNFα-induced reduction in firing threshold implicated glutamate in these changes. A phosphatidyl-inositol-3-kinase-antagonist prevented the TNFα-induced increased in amplitude of mEPSCs, documenting a TNFα intracellular influence. Additionally, TNFα increased frequency, but not amplitude of mIPSCs. CRF-receptor-antagonists were found to prevent the TNFα-induced increase in mIPSC-frequency, without altering the TNFα-induced amplitude increase in mEPSCs or the reduced threshold for action-potentials by TNFα. To clarify how TNFα was increasing CRF-release in the presence of tetrodotoxin, the possibility tested was whether preventing glial-activation would prevent this elevated mIPSC-frequency blocked by CRF-receptor antagonists. Minocycline, which blocks glial activation, prevented the TNFα-induced increase in mIPSC-frequency—a finding consistent with glia contributing to the CRF-involvement in this TNFα action. To fully understand the means by which a CRF1-receptor-antagonist and minocycline prevent TNFα from increasing mIPSC-frequency will require further clarification. Nonetheless, these data provide convincing evidence that release of TNFα by stress could influence GABA- and glutamate-function to alter neural activity of CeA-neurons.
Heroin-induced conditioned immunomodulation requires expression of IL-1β in the dorsal hippocampus
Creators: name: Szczytkowski, Jennifer L.
name: Hutson, Lee
name: Lebonville, Christina
name: Fuchs, Rita A.
name: Lysle, Donald T.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Opioid-associated environmental stimuli elicit robust immune-altering effects via stimulation of a neural circuitry that includes the basolateral amygdala and nucleus accumbens. These brain regions are known to have both direct and indirect connections with the hippocampus. Thus, the present study evaluated whether the dorsal hippocampus (DH), and more specifically interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) within the DH, is necessary for the expression of heroin-induced conditioned immunomodulation. Rats received five Pavlovian pairings of systemic heroin administration (1.0 mg/kg, SC) with placement into a distinct environment (conditioned stimulus, CS). Six days after conditioning, a GABAA/B agonist cocktail or IL-1β small interfering RNA (siRNA) was microinfused into the DH to inhibit neuronal activity or IL-1β gene expression prior to CS or home cage exposure. Control animals received saline or negative control siRNA microinfusions. Furthermore, all rats received systemic administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to stimulate proinflammatory nitric oxide production. CS exposure suppressed LPS-induced nitric oxide production relative to home cage exposure. Inactivation of, or IL-1β silencing in, the DH disrupted the CS-induced suppression of nitric oxide production relative to vehicle or negative control siRNA treatment. These results are the first to show a role for DH IL-1β expression in heroin-conditioned suppression of a proinflammatory immune response.
Region-specific contribution of the ventral tegmental area to heroin-induced conditioned immunomodulation
Creators: name: Lysle, Donald T.
name: Fuchs, Rita A.
name: Saurer, Timothy B.
name: Lebonville, Christina
name: Hutson, Lee W.
name: Szczytkowski, Jennifer L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Dopamine receptor stimulation is critical for heroin-conditioned immunomodulation; however, it is unclear whether the ventral tegmental area (VTA) contributes to this phenomenon. Hence, rats received repeated pairings of heroin with placement into a distinct environmental context. At test, they were re-exposed to the previously heroin-paired environment followed by systemic lipopolysaccharide treatment to induce an immune response. Bilateral GABA agonist-induced neural inactivation of the anterior, but not the posterior VTA, prior to context re-exposure inhibited the ability of the heroin-paired environment to suppress peripheral nitric oxide and tumor necrosis factor-α expression, suggesting a role for the anterior VTA in heroin-conditioned immunomodulation.
title: Opening the Black Box: Soil Microbial Communities in Field-Based Plant-Soil Feedback Experiments
Creators: name: Aaronson, Julia Kate
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2023

description: Plant-soil feedback is a process through which plants modify the properties of their associated soils, affecting their growth. PSF can play a key role in regulating plant growth and communities including altering plant invasion, rarity, and abundance. However, our understanding of the soil organisms that drive these plant growth responses is limited. Most studies treat soils as a ‘black box’ and do little to reveal which specific microbes or microbial communities may be responsible. This chapter examines two recent large PSF field experiments conducted in Minnesota, USA, and Jena, Germany. These experiments revealed that plants altered their soils, changing subsequent plant growth by roughly 25%. To unravel the factors influencing soil microbial communities, we analyzed the microbial communities in these two experiments. The analysis showed that the microbial communities varied between the two study sites, among years, and between bulk and rhizosphere soils. The microbial communities differed among rhizosphere soils cultivated by different plant species, showing that plants can shape distinct microbial communities. Our analyses revealed that the differences among soils were due to the influence of the entire microbial community rather than by individual microbial species. Additionally, rather than one or two plants consistently creating soils correlated with increased or decreased plant growth, we found that several plant species from three plant functional groups created soils significantly correlated with changes in plant growth. These findings indicate that different plant growth responses are likely caused by ubiquitous, generalist microbes that differentially affect plants, rather than specific microbes that associate with only one or two plant species. These results highlight the importance of considering the entire microbial community when adopting soil management strategies, rather than focusing solely on individual soil microbes. This may lead to more effective soil and plant management practices. Additionally, we found that it may be ubiquitous, generalist microbes that differentially affect plants causing plant growth changes rather than plant-specific microbes which could explain why PSF research results are so variable and why repeat experiments often get different results. This could provide guidance to researchers investigating how to leverage soil microbes in managing plants and plant communities.
Self-rated health and C-reactive protein in young adults
Creators: name: Shanahan, Lilly
name: Bauldry, Shawn
name: Freeman, Jason
name: Bondy, Carmen L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Poor self-rated health (SRH) and elevated inflammation and morbidity and mortality are robustly associated in middle- and older-aged adults. Less is known about SRH-elevated inflammation associations during young adulthood and whether these linkages differ by sex.
title: Ð­ÐºÐ²Ð¸Ð²Ð°Ð»ÐµÐ½ÑÐ½ÑÐµ Ð±ÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ð½ÐµÑÐ½Ð¾ Ð¼Ð°Ð»ÑÐµ ÑÑÐ½ÐºÑÐ¸Ð¸. ÐÑÑÐ¸ÑÐ»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ Ð¿ÑÐµÐ´ÐµÐ»Ð¾Ð² ÑÑÐ½ÐºÑÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¿Ð¾ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµ Ð­ÐÐÐ¤. ÐÐ°Ð´Ð°ÑÐ¸ ÑÐ°ÑÑÑÑÐ½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð·Ð°Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ.
title: ÑÑÐµÐ±Ð½Ð¾-Ð¼ÐµÑÐ¾Ð´Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ðµ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð±Ð¸Ðµ
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: ÐÐµÑÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°, ÐÐ°ÑÐ°Ð»Ð¸Ñ
Publisher: name: Ð¡Ð°Ð½ÐºÑ-ÐÐµÑÐµÑÐ±ÑÑÐ³ÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ ÑÐ½Ð¸Ð²ÐµÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑ ÐÐµÑÑÐ° ÐÐµÐ»Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾
Year: 2020
Subjects: ÐÑÐµÐ´ÐµÐ»Ñ (Ð¼Ð°Ñ.)
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Employers and the self-employed in the censuses 1851-1911: The census as a source for identifying entrepreneurs, business numbers and size distribution
Creators: name: Bennett, Robert
name: Smith, Harry
name: Van Lieshout, Carry
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2017
Subjects: Entrepreneurship
Employers
Self-employment
Small businesses

description: This paper discusses how the original manuscript Census records can be used to derive information on employers and their workforce, self-employed sole proprietors, and the acreage of farms. It assesses how the content changes over time and has to be handled in database construction, focusing on issues of completeness; identification of employers, own account and workers; occupational coding; gender coverage; identification of portfolio businesses; partnerships; and location. This underpins database design for Entrepreneurs 1851-1911 to be deposited at UKDA.
The underappreciated wrong of AIgiarism - bypass plagiarism that risks propagation of erroneous and bias content
Creators: name: Tang, Bor Luen
Publisher: name: IfADo - Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Dortmund
Year: 2023
Subjects: ChatGPT
AIgiarism
plagiarism
research ethics

description: EXCLI Journal; 22:Doc907; ISSN 1611-2156
Nuclear factor-kappa B regulates pain and COMT expression in a rodent model of inflammation
Creators: name: O'Buckley, Sandra C.
name: Hartung, Jane E.
name: Nackley, Andrea G.
name: Wong, Terrence
name: Tchivileva, Inna E.
name: Eskew, Olivia
name: Oladosu, Folabomi A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) is a ubiquitously expressed protein complex regulating the transcription of genes involved in inflammation and pain. Increased NF-κB activity in immune and nervous system cells is linked to several chronic pain conditions in humans as well as inflammation- and nerve injury-evoked pain in animals. A recent in vitro study further demonstrates that increased NF-κB activity in astrocytes decreases transcription of catechol-o-methyltransferase (COMT), an enzyme that inactivates catecholamines that cause pain. The purpose of the present study was to examine the relationship between systemic and astrocytic NF-κB activity, pain, and COMT expression in an animal model of inflammation. Results demonstrated that administration of the inflammatory stimulant complete Freund’s adjuvant (CFA) led to increased pain and decreased COMT protein expression in an NF-κB-dependent manner. Specifically, we found that rats and mice receiving intraplantar CFA exhibited increased behavioral responses to mechanical and thermal heat stimuli. CFA-evoked pain was blocked in rats receiving a pre-emptive systemic dose of the NF-κB inhibitor MG132 and exacerbated in IKKca mice with constitutive NF-κB activity in astrocytes. Furthermore, we observed NF-κB-linked reductions in COMT expression in midbrain at 6h and 1d following CFA in rats and at 1h and 1d in forebrain and midbrain following CFA in IKKca mice. Collectively, these results demonstrate that systemic and astrocytic NF-κB activity drive inflammatory pain and regulate the expression of COMT in forebrain and midbrain structures.
Underpricing, wealth loss for pre-existing shareholders and the cost of going public: the role of private equity backing in Italian IPOs
Creators: name: FERRETTI, Riccardo
name: Meles, A.
Publisher: name: Dipartimento di Economia Marco Biagi - Universit� di Modena e Reggio Emilia
Year: 2011

description: This study analyses the role of private equity investors in solving asymmetric information problems and the relationship to underpricing, wealth loss for pre-existing shareholders and the cost of going public. According to certification theory, companies backed by private equity investors are expected to have lower underpricing at the moment of an initial public offering, as they have fewer adverse selection problems, and there is less ex-ante uncertainty. However, the relationship between private equity backing and the cost of going public to issuers is less clear. We use a data set of 66 private equity-backed and 94 non-private equity-backed companies that went public on the Milan Stock Exchange between January 1998 and June 2008. Our findings provide evidence that out of the PE-backed firms, only those backed by private equity syndication show lower initial-day returns and indirect issuance opportunity cost, while there is no difference in the certification role between bank-related and non bank-related private equity investors. We also find that the benefits persist for IPOs backed by private equity syndication, although to a lesser extent, even after adjusting for direct costs (gross spreads) the opportunity cost of issuance.
Glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies are indicators of the course, but not of the onset, of diabetes in middle-aged adults: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study
Creators: name: Duncan, B. B.
name: Vigo, Alvaro
name: Ballantyne, C. M.
name: Schmidt, M. I.
name: Pankow, J. S.
name: Heiss, G.
name: Couper, D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: To efficiently examine the association of glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody (GADA) positivity with the onset and progression of diabetes in middle-aged adults, we performed a case-cohort study representing the ~9-year experience of 10,275 Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study participants, initially aged 45–64. Antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody (GAD65) were measured by radioimmunoassay on 580 incident diabetes cases and 544 non-cases. The overall weighted prevalence of GADA positivity (≥1 U/ml) was 7.3%. Baseline risk factors, with the exception of smoking and interleukin-6 (P ≤ 0.02), were generally similar between GADA-positive and -negative individuals. GADA positivity did not predict incident diabetes in multiply-adjusted (HR=1.04; 95% CI: 0.55, 1.96) proportional hazard analyses. However, a small non-significant adjusted risk (HR = 1.29; 95% CI: 0.58, 2.88) was seen for those in the highest tertile (≥2.38 U/ml) of positivity. GADA-positive and GADA-negative non-diabetic individuals had similar risk profiles for diabetes, with central obesity and elevated inflammation markers, aside from glucose, being the main predictors. Among diabetes cases at study’s end, progression to insulin treatment increased monotonically as a function of baseline GADA level. Overall, being GADA positive increased risk of progression to insulin use almost 10 times (HR=9.9; 95% CI: 3.4, 28.5). In conclusion, in initially non-diabetic middle-aged adults, GADA positivity did not increase diabetes risk, and the overall baseline profile of risk factors was similar for positive and negative individuals. Among middle-aged adults, with the possible exception of those with highest GADA levels, autoimmune pathophysiology reflected by GADA may become clinically relevant only after diabetes onset.
Online support: Impact on anxiety in women who experience an abnormal screening mammogram
Creators: name: Obadina, Eniola T.
name: Atwood, Amy K.
name: Dubenske, Lori L.
name: Woods, Ryan W.
name: McDowell, Helene E.
name: Gustafson, David H.
name: Burnside, Elizabeth S.
name: Mayer, Deborah K.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: To determine whether an online support tool can impact anxiety in women experiencing an abnormal mammogram.
Graphene quantum dots probed by scanning tunneling spectroscopy and transport spectroscopy after local anodic oxidation
Creators: name: Morgenstern, Markus
name: Freitag, Nils
name: Vaid, Aviral
name: Pratzer, Marco
name: Liebmann, Marcus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Graphene quantum dots are considered as promising alternatives to quantum dots in III-V semiconductors, e.g., for the use as spin qubits due to their consistency made of light atoms including spin-free nuclei which both imply relatively long spin decoherene times. However, this potential has not been realized in experiments so far, most likely, due to a missing control of the edge configurations of the quantum dots. Thus, a more fundamental investigation of Graphene quantum dots appears to be necessary including a full control of the wave function properties most favorably during transport spectroscopy measurements. Here, we review the recent success in mapping wave functions of graphene quantum dots supported by metals, in particular Ir(111), and show how the goal of probing such wave functions on insulating supports during transport spectroscopy might be achieved.
description: 14 pages, review article
title: Evaluating Beaver Translocation Methods for Desert River Restoration
Creators: name: Sandbach, Christine E.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2023

description: Wildlife translocation, or moving wild animals from their original home to a new location, is a common conservation practice; however, translocation programs have variable success rates. Beaver translocation is often used in stream restoration projects due to beavers’ role as ecosystem engineers—beavers enhance riparian habitat by building dams that hold water and create more diverse channels. Beaver translocation success is often limited by high mortality and long distance movement after release, and improvement in translocation methods is needed. My objective was to evaluate two methods of improving beaver translocation success in a degraded desert river in east-central Utah: beaver dam analog (BDA) installation and behavioral testing. Over two years before BDA installment, 39 nuisance beavers were captured, tagged, and translocated to the Price River. After 70 BDAs were installed, another 73 tagged beavers were translocated over two years. In the last two years of the study, I conducted behavioral testing while beavers were temporarily held in captivity. Over all four years, I monitored survival and movement of beavers and surveyed BDAs and natural beaver dams. Apparent survival (a combination of true survival and staying in the study area) was similar before and after BDA installation. Higher stream flow was linked to lower apparent survival. Mortality was generally caused by predators, and many beavers left the study area. At the end of data collection, no translocated beavers remained alive and in the study area. I observed beaver activity on two BDAs. Over the course of the study, there was a decrease in the number of natural dams due to extreme monsoon flooding in the final two years. We found relationships between beaver behavior and survival as well as distance traveled. More tame, less aggressive beavers survived longer, whereas bolder, more aggressive beavers moved farther. Our results suggest that while BDAs may not improve beaver translocation success in desert rivers, behavioral testing should be investigated further as a useful tool for prioritizing beavers for translocation. Translocation is a humane solution to human-beaver conflict, and with improved methods, it may be a valuable restoration practice in desert river ecosystems.
Studying the impact of electron bunch characteristics on plasma wakefield performance using particle-in-cell simulations
Creators: name: Wrobel, Nico
Publisher: name: Rodare
Year: 2023
Subjects: PWFA, PIConGPU, Plasma Accelerator

description: The submitted version of my bachelor thesis + tex files and notebooks used for data evaluation. Abstract The accessibility of plasma-based accelerators was greatly expanded by the realization of laser wakefield accelerator (LWFA)-driven plasma wakefield accelerators (PWFA). This development speeds up research on PWFA significantly. In this thesis, 3D particle-in-cell-simulations were used to analyze driver parameters for a PWFA to achieve maximal energy gain for a hypothetical witness beam. Only small increases in witness energy were found when drivers with high kinetic energy were compared. In contrast, great witness energy increases result when the divergence of the driver gets reduced. The transformation of a driver in plasma is analyzed, and the influence of the wakefield on it is discussed. Additionally, evidence for non-constant peak energy is presented, with energy losses in the MeV scale independent from driver characteristics. This could require adjustments to the charge reconstruction of the LWFA bunch after the PWFA stage.