cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Nonnegative scalar curvature and area decreasing maps on complete foliated manifolds
Creators: name: Su, Guangxiang
name: Wang, Xiangsheng
name: Zhang, Weiping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 58J20, 53C21, 53C12

description: Let $(M,g^{TM})$ be a noncompact complete Riemannian manifold of dimension $n$, and let $F\subseteq TM$ be an integrable subbundle of $TM$. Let $g^F=g^{TM}|_{F}$ be the restricted metric on $F$ and let $k^F$ be the associated leafwise scalar curvature. Let $f:M\to S^n(1)$ be a smooth area decreasing map along $F$, which is locally constant near infinity and of non-zero degree. We show that if $k^F> {\rm rk}(F)({\rm rk}(F)-1)$ on the support of ${\rm d}f$, and either $TM$ or $F$ is spin, then $\inf (k^F)<0$. As a consequence, we prove Gromov's sharp foliated $\otimes_\varepsilon$-twisting conjecture. Using the same method, we also extend two famous non-existence results due to Gromov and Lawson about $Λ^2$-enlargeable metrics (and/or manifolds) to the foliated case.
description: 29 pages, 3 figures, the published version
An ultracold molecular beam for testing fundamental physics
Creators: name: Alauze, X.
name: Lim, J.
name: Trigatzis, M. A.
name: Swarbrick, S.
name: Collings, F. J.
name: Fitch, N. J.
name: Sauer, B. E.
name: Tarbutt, M. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use two-dimensional transverse laser cooling to produce an ultracold beam of YbF molecules. Through experiments and numerical simulations, we study how the cooling is influenced by the polarization configuration, laser intensity, laser detuning and applied magnetic field. The ultracold part of the beam contains more than $2 \times 10^5$ molecules per shot and has a temperature below 200 $μ$K, and the cooling yields a 300-fold increase in the brightness of the beam. The method can improve the precision of experiments that use molecules to test fundamental physics. In particular, the beam is suitable for measuring the electron electric dipole moment with a statistical precision better than $10^{-30}$ e cm.
description: 25 pages, 14 figures. Trajectory simulations added and results compared to experiment; other minor revisions
Analytical results for the superflow of spin-orbit-coupled Bose-Einstein condensates in optical lattices
Creators: name: Luo, Xiaobing
name: Hu, Zhou
name: Zeng, Zhao-Yun
name: Luo, Yunrong
name: Yang, Baiyuan
name: Xiao, Jinpeng
name: Li, Lei
name: Chen, Ai-Xi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we show that for sufficiently strong atomic interactions, there exist analytical solutions of current-carrying nonlinear Bloch states at the Brillouin zone edge to the model of spin-orbit-coupled Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) with symmetric spin interaction loaded into optical lattices. These simple but generic exact solutions provide an analytical demonstration of some intriguing properties which have neither an analog in the regular BEC lattice systems nor in the uniform spin-orbit-coupled BEC systems. It is an analytical example for understanding the superfluid and other related properties of the spin-orbit-coupled BEC lattice systems.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures, a couple of typos in equation are corrected
Bockmuehl, Markus N.A.: Revelation and Mystery in Ancient Judaism and Pauline Christianity
Creators: name: Schnabel, Eckhard J.
Publisher: name: Jahrbuch für evangelikale Theologie
Year: 2025

description: 1822549590
description: Jahrbuch für evangelikale Theologie, V. 4 (1990): Jahrbuch für evangelikale Theologie, Band 4
Cosmogenic Neutrinos Challenge the Cosmic Ray Proton Dip Model
Creators: name: Heinze, Jonas
name: Boncioli, Denise
name: Bustamante, Mauricio
name: Winter, Walter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The origin and composition of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) remain a mystery. The proton dip model describes their spectral shape in the energy range above $10^9$ GeV by pair production and photohadronic interactions with the cosmic microwave background. The photohadronic interactions also produce cosmogenic neutrinos peaking around $10^9$ GeV. We test whether this model is still viable in light of recent UHECR spectrum measurements from the Telescope Array experiment, and upper limits on the cosmogenic neutrino flux from IceCube. While two-parameter fits have been already presented, we perform a full scan of the three main physical model parameters: source redshift evolution, injected proton maximal energy, and spectral index. We find qualitatively different conclusions compared to earlier two-parameter fits in the literature: a mild preference for a maximal energy cutoff at the sources instead of the Greisen--Zatsepin--Kuzmin (GZK) cutoff, hard injection spectra, and strong source evolution. The predicted cosmogenic neutrino flux exceeds the IceCube limit for any parameter combination. As a result, the proton dip model is challenged at more than 95\% C.L. This is strong evidence against this model independent of mass composition measurements.
description: published in Apj; 15 pages, 12 figures
Smoothed Analysis for the Conjugate Gradient Algorithm
Creators: name: Menon, Govind
name: Trogdon, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60B20, 65C50, 35Q15

description: The purpose of this paper is to establish bounds on the rate of convergence of the conjugate gradient algorithm when the underlying matrix is a random positive definite perturbation of a deterministic positive definite matrix. We estimate all finite moments of a natural halting time when the random perturbation is drawn from the Laguerre unitary ensemble in a critical scaling regime explored in Deift et al. (2016). These estimates are used to analyze the expected iteration count in the framework of smoothed analysis, introduced by Spielman and Teng (2001). The rigorous results are compared with numerical calculations in several cases of interest.
Magnon edge states in hardcore-Bose-Hubbard model
Creators: name: Owerre, S. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum Monte Carlo (QMC) simulation has uncovered nonzero Berry curvature and bosonic edge states in hardcore-Bose-Hubbard model on the gapped honeycomb lattice. The competition between the chemical potential and staggered onsite potential leads to an interesting quantum phase diagram comprising superfluid phase, Mott insulator, and charge density wave insulator. In this paper, we present a semiclassical perspective of this system by mapping to a spin-$1/2$ quantum XY model. We give an explicit analytical origin of the quantum phase diagram, the Berry curvatures, and the edge states using semiclassical approximations. We find very good agreements between the semiclassical analyses and the QMC results. Our results show that the topological properties of hardcore-Bose-Hubbard model are the same as those of magnon in the corresponding quantum spin system. Our results are applicable to systems of ultracold bosonic atoms trapped in honeycomb optical lattices.
description: 7 pages, 8 figures. Published version
Modelling the Spread of an Epidemic in Presence of Vaccination using Cellular Automata
Creators: name: Datta, Agniva
name: Acharyya, Muktish
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The results of Kermack-McKendrick SIR model are planned to be reproduced by cellular automata (CA) lattice model. The CA algorithms are proposed to study the model of epidemic, systematically. The basic goal is to capture the effects of spreading of infection over a scale of length. This CA model can provide the rate of growth of the infection over the space which was lacking in the mean-field like SIR model. The motion of the circular front of an infected cluster shows a linear behaviour in time. The correlation of a particular site to be infected, with respect to the central site is also studied. The outcomes of CA model are in good agreement with that obtained from SIR model. The results of vaccination have been also incorporated in the CA algorithm with a satisfactory degree of success. The advantage of the present model is that it can shed considerable amount of light to the physical properties of the spread of a typical epidemic in a simple, yet robust way.
description: Int. J. Mod. Phys. C (2022) (in press)
Measuring Water Vapor and Ash in Volcanic Eruptions with a Millimeter-Wave Radar/Imager
Creators: name: Bryan, Sean
name: Clarke, Amanda
name: Vanderkluysen, Loÿc
name: Groppi, Christopher
name: Paine, Scott
name: Bliss, Daniel W.
name: Aberle, James
name: Mauskopf, Philip
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Millimeter-wave remote sensing technology can significantly improve measurements of volcanic eruptions, yielding new insights into eruption processes and improving forecasts of drifting volcanic ash for aviation safety. Radiometers can measure water vapor density and temperature inside eruption clouds, improving on existing measurements with infrared cameras that are limited to measuring the outer cloud surface. Millimeter-wave radar can measure the 3D mass distribution of volcanic ash inside eruption plumes and their nearby drifting ash clouds. Millimeter wavelengths are better matched to typical ash particle sizes, offering better sensitivity than longer wavelength existing weather radar measurements, as well as the unique ability to directly measure ash particle size in-situ. Here we present sensitivity calculations in the context of developing the WAMS (Water and Ash Millimeter-wave Spectrometer) instrument. WAMS, a radar/radiometer system designed to use off-the-shelf components, would be able to measure water vapor and ash throughout an entire eruption cloud, a unique capability.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures, accepted by IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing
Constrained Minimum Energy Designs
Creators: name: Huang, Chaofan
name: Joseph, V. Roshan
name: Ray, Douglas M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Space-filling designs are important in computer experiments, which are critical for building a cheap surrogate model that adequately approximates an expensive computer code. Many design construction techniques in the existing literature are only applicable for rectangular bounded space, but in real world applications, the input space can often be non-rectangular because of constraints on the input variables. One solution to generate designs in a constrained space is to first generate uniformly distributed samples in the feasible region, and then use them as the candidate set to construct the designs. Sequentially Constrained Monte Carlo (SCMC) is the state-of-the-art technique for candidate generation, but it still requires large number of constraint evaluations, which is problematic especially when the constraints are expensive to evaluate. Thus, to reduce constraint evaluations and improve efficiency, we propose the Constrained Minimum Energy Design (CoMinED) that utilizes recent advances in deterministic sampling methods. Extensive simulation results on 15 benchmark problems with dimensions ranging from 2 to 13 are provided for demonstrating the improved performance of CoMinED over the existing methods.
description: Submitted to Statistics and Computing
Photometric Supernova Classification With Machine Learning
Creators: name: Lochner, Michelle
name: McEwen, Jason D.
name: Peiris, Hiranya V.
name: Lahav, Ofer
name: Winter, Max K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Automated photometric supernova classification has become an active area of research in recent years in light of current and upcoming imaging surveys such as the Dark Energy Survey (DES) and the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope, given that spectroscopic confirmation of type for all supernovae discovered will be impossible. Here, we develop a multi-faceted classification pipeline, combining existing and new approaches. Our pipeline consists of two stages: extracting descriptive features from the light curves and classification using a machine learning algorithm. Our feature extraction methods vary from model-dependent techniques, namely SALT2 fits, to more independent techniques fitting parametric models to curves, to a completely model-independent wavelet approach. We cover a range of representative machine learning algorithms, including naive Bayes, k-nearest neighbors, support vector machines, artificial neural networks and boosted decision trees (BDTs). We test the pipeline on simulated multi-band DES light curves from the Supernova Photometric Classification Challenge. Using the commonly used area under the curve (AUC) of the Receiver Operating Characteristic as a metric, we find that the SALT2 fits and the wavelet approach, with the BDTs algorithm, each achieves an AUC of 0.98, where 1 represents perfect classification. We find that a representative training set is essential for good classification, whatever the feature set or algorithm, with implications for spectroscopic follow-up. Importantly, we find that by using either the SALT2 or the wavelet feature sets with a BDT algorithm, accurate classification is possible purely from light curve data, without the need for any redshift information.
description: Matches published version. 15 pages, 7 figures
Gaussian entanglement distribution with gigahertz bandwidth
Creators: name: Ast, Stefan
name: Ast, Melanie
name: Mehmet, Moritz
name: Schnabel, Roman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The distribution of entanglement with Gaussian statistic can be used to generate a mathematically-proven secure key for quantum cryptography. The distributed secret key rate is limited by the {entanglement strength, the entanglement bandwidth and the bandwidth of the photo-electric detectors}. The development of a source for strongly, bi-partite entangled light with high bandwidth promises an increased measurement speed and a linear boost in the secure data rate. Here, we present the experimental realization of a Gaussian entanglement source with a bandwidth of more than 1.25\,GHz. The entanglement spectrum was measured with balanced homodyne detectors and was quantified via the inseparability criterion introduced by Duan and coworkers with a critical value of 4 below which entanglement is certified. Our measurements yielded an inseparability value of about 1.8 at a frequency of 300\,MHz to about 2.8 at 1.2\,GHz extending further to about 3.1 at 1.48\,GHz. In the experiment we used two 2.6\,mm long monolithic periodically poled potassium titanyl phosphate (PPKTP) resonators to generate two squeezed fields at the telecommunication wavelength of 1550\,nm. Our result proves the possibility of generating and detecting strong continuous-variable entanglement with high speed.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, published in Optics Letters
On nilpotent evolution algebras
Creators: name: Elduque, Alberto
name: Labra, Alicia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 17A60, 17D92

description: The type and several invariant subspaces related to the upper annihilating series of finite-dimensional nilpotent evolution algebras are introduced. These invariants can be easily computed from any natural basis. Some families of nilpotent evolution algebras, defined in terms of a nondegenerate symmetric bilinear form and some commuting symmetric diagonalizable endomorphisms relative to the form, are explicitly constructed. Both the invariants and these families are used to review and complete the classification of nilpotent evolution algebras up to dimension five over algebraically closed fields.
description: 19 pages
A feasible interpolation for random resolution
Creators: name: Krajicek, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.2.2
subject: 03F20 (Primary), 68Q15 (Secondary)

description: Random resolution, defined by Buss, Kolodziejczyk and Thapen (JSL, 2014), is a sound propositional proof system that extends the resolution proof system by the possibility to augment any set of initial clauses by a set of randomly chosen clauses (modulo a technical condition). We show how to apply the general feasible interpolation theorem for semantic derivations of Krajicek (JSL, 1997) to random resolution. As a consequence we get a lower bound for random resolution refutations of the clique-coloring formulas.
description: Preprint April 2016, revised September and October 2016
Novel nonperturbative approach for radiative $\bar{B}^0(\bar{B}^0_s)\rightarrow J/ψγ$ decays
Creators: name: Geng, Li-Sheng
name: Oset, Eulogio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Radiative $\bar{B}^0(\bar{B}^0_s)\rightarrow J/ψγ$ decays provide an interesting case to test our understanding of (non)perturbative QCD and eventually to probe physics beyond the standard model. Recently, the LHCb Collaboration has reported an upper bound, updating the results of the BABAR Collaboration. Previous theoretical predictions based on QCD factorization or perturbative QCD have shown large variations due to different treatment of nonfactorizable contributions and meson-photon transitions. In this paper, we report on a novel approach to estimate the decay rates, which is based on a recently proposed model for $B$ decays and the vector meson dominance hypothesis, widely tested in the relevant energy regions. The predicted branching ratios are $\mathrm{Br}[\bar{B}^0\rightarrow J/ψγ]=\left(3.50\pm0.34^{+1.12}_{-0.63}\right)\times10^{-8}$ and $\mathrm{Br}[\bar{B}^0_s\rightarrow J/ψγ]=\left(7.20\pm0.68^{+2.31}_{-1.30}\right)\times10^{-7}$. The first uncertainty is systematic and the second is statistical, originating from the experimental $\bar{B}^0_s\rightarrow J/ψϕ$ branching ratio.
description: More justifications for the decay mechanism. Results remain the same. To appear in Physical Review D
Validating estimates of the growth rate of structure with modified gravity simulations
Creators: name: Barreira, Alexandre
name: Sánchez, Ariel G.
name: Schmidt, Fabian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform a validation of estimates of the growth rate of structure, described by the parameter combination $fσ_8$, in modified gravity cosmologies. We consider an analysis pipeline based on the redshift-space distortion modelling of the clustering wedges statistic of the galaxy correlation function and apply it to mock catalogues of $Λ{\rm CDM}$ and the normal branch of DGP cosmologies. We employ a halo occupation distribution approach to construct our mocks, which we ensure resemble the CMASS sample from BOSS in terms of the total galaxy number density and large scale amplitude of the power spectrum monopole. We show that the clustering wedges model successfully recovers the true growth rate difference between DGP and $Λ{\rm CDM}$, even for cases with over 40\% enhancement in $fσ_8$ compared to $Λ{\rm CDM}$. The unbiased performance of the clustering wedges model allows us to use the growth rate values estimated from the BOSS DR12 data to constrain the cross-over scale $r_c$ of DGP gravity to $\left[r_cH_0\right]^{-1} < 0.97$ ($2σ$) or $r_c > 3090\ {\rm Mpc}/h$, cutting into the interesting region of parameter space with $r_c \sim H_0^{-1}$ using constraints from the growth of structure alone.
description: 18 pages, 8 figures. Matches published version in PRD that validates the DR12 RSD clustering wedges model. Versions 1 and 2 contain the validation analysis of the DR11 model
Pervasive AI for IoT applications: A Survey on Resource-efficient Distributed Artificial Intelligence
Creators: name: Baccour, Emna
name: Mhaisen, Naram
name: Abdellatif, Alaa Awad
name: Erbad, Aiman
name: Mohamed, Amr
name: Hamdi, Mounir
name: Guizani, Mohsen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Artificial intelligence (AI) has witnessed a substantial breakthrough in a variety of Internet of Things (IoT) applications and services, spanning from recommendation systems to robotics control and military surveillance. This is driven by the easier access to sensory data and the enormous scale of pervasive/ubiquitous devices that generate zettabytes (ZB) of real-time data streams. Designing accurate models using such data streams, to predict future insights and revolutionize the decision-taking process, inaugurates pervasive systems as a worthy paradigm for a better quality-of-life. The confluence of pervasive computing and artificial intelligence, Pervasive AI, expanded the role of ubiquitous IoT systems from mainly data collection to executing distributed computations with a promising alternative to centralized learning, presenting various challenges. In this context, a wise cooperation and resource scheduling should be envisaged among IoT devices (e.g., smartphones, smart vehicles) and infrastructure (e.g. edge nodes, and base stations) to avoid communication and computation overheads and ensure maximum performance. In this paper, we conduct a comprehensive survey of the recent techniques developed to overcome these resource challenges in pervasive AI systems. Specifically, we first present an overview of the pervasive computing, its architecture, and its intersection with artificial intelligence. We then review the background, applications and performance metrics of AI, particularly Deep Learning (DL) and online learning, running in a ubiquitous system. Next, we provide a deep literature review of communication-efficient techniques, from both algorithmic and system perspectives, of distributed inference, training and online learning tasks across the combination of IoT devices, edge devices and cloud servers. Finally, we discuss our future vision and research challenges.
description: Survey paper accepted in IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials
N=1 Chern-Simons-matter theory and localization
Creators: name: Tsimpis, Dimitrios
name: Zhu, Yaodong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the most general, classically-conformal, three-dimensional $\mathcal{N}=1$ Chern-Simons-matter theory with global symmetry $Sp(2)$ and gauge group $U(N)\times U(N)$. We show that the Lagrangian in the on-shell formulation of the theory admits one more free parameter as compared to the theory formulated in off-shell $\mathcal{N}=1$ superspace. The theory on $T^3$ can be formally localized. We partially carry out the localization procedure for the theory on $T^3$ with periodic boundary conditions. In particular we show that restricting to the saddle points with vanishing gauge connection gives a trivial contribution to the partition function, i.e. the bosonic and fermionic contributions exactly cancel each other.
description: 35 pages. v2: clarifications and reference added; published version
Hemer, Colin J.: The Book of Acts in the Setting of Hellenistic History
Creators: name: Bayer, Hans F.
Publisher: name: Jahrbuch für evangelikale Theologie
Year: 2025

description: 1822549434
description: Jahrbuch für evangelikale Theologie, V. 4 (1990): Jahrbuch für evangelikale Theologie, Band 4
Categorical composable cryptography
Creators: name: Broadbent, Anne
name: Karvonen, Martti
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We formalize the simulation paradigm of cryptography in terms of category theory and show that protocols secure against abstract attacks form a symmetric monoidal category, thus giving an abstract model of composable security definitions in cryptography. Our model is able to incorporate computational security, set-up assumptions and various attack models such as colluding or independently acting subsets of adversaries in a modular, flexible fashion. We conclude by using string diagrams to rederive the security of the one-time pad and no-go results concerning the limits of bipartite and tripartite cryptography, ruling out e.g., composable commitments and broadcasting.
description: Updated to match the proceedings version
Revisiting the Lyman Continuum Escape Crisis: Predictions for z > 6 from Local Galaxies
Creators: name: Faisst, Andreas L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The intrinsic escape fraction of ionizing Lyman continuum photons ($f_{esc}$) is crucial to understand whether galaxies are capable of reionizing the neutral hydrogen in the early universe at z>6. Unfortunately, it is not possible to access $f_{esc}$ at z>4 with direct observations and the handful of measurements from low redshift galaxies consistently find $f_{esc}$ < 10%, while at least $f_{esc}$ ~ 10% is necessary for galaxies dominate reionization. Here, we present the first empirical prediction of $f_{esc}$ at z>6 by combining the (sparsely populated) relation between [OIII]/[OII] and $f_{esc}$ with the redshift evolution of [OIII]/[OII] as predicted from local high-z analogs selected by their H$α$ equivalent-width. We find $f_{esc}$ = $5.7_{-3.3}^{+8.3}$% at z=6 and $f_{esc}$ = $10.4_{-6.3}^{+15.5}$% at z=9 for galaxies with log(M/M$_{sun}$) ~ 9.0 (errors given as 1$σ$). However, there is a negative correlation with stellar mass and we find up to 50% larger $f_{esc}$ per 0.5 dex decrease in stellar mass. The population averaged escape fraction increases according to $f_{esc}$ = $f_{esc,0} ((1+z)/3)^a$, with $f_{esc,0} = 2.3 \pm 0.05$% and $a=1.17 \pm 0.02$ at z > 2 for log(M/M$_{sun}$) ~ 9.0. With our empirical prediction of $f_{esc}$ (thus fixing an important previously unknown variable) and further reasonable assumption on clumping factor and the production efficiency of Lyman continuum photons, we conclude that the average population of galaxies is just capable to reionize the universe by z ~ 6.
description: 10 pages, 4 figure, 1 table. Accepted by ApJ
Monte Carlo study of the phase diagram of layered XY antiferromagnet
Creators: name: Acharyya, Muktish
name: Vatansever, Erol
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The three-dimensional XY model is investigated in the presence of a uniform magnetic field applied in the $X$-direction. The nearest neighbour intraplanar interaction is considered ferromagnetic, and the interplanar nearest neighbour interaction is chosen to be antiferromagnetic. Starting from a high-temperature initial random spin configuration, the equilibrium phase of the system at any finite temperature was achieved by cooling the system using the Monte Carlo single spin-flip Metropolis algorithm with a random updating rule. The components of total magnetisation and the sublattice magnetisations were calculated. The variance of the antiferromagnetic order parameter and the susceptibility have been calculated. In a specific range of relative strengths of interactions (antiferromagnetic/ferromagnetic) and the applied magnetic field, the system shows the equilibrium phase transitions at different temperatures. The phase diagrams (in the field-temperature plane) were obtained for different values of the relative interaction strengths. The ordered region bounded by the phase boundary was found to increase as the ratio of relative interaction strength increased. Furthermore, the maximum value of the susceptibility ($χ^m_{ay}$) was found to increase with the system size ($L$). For $χ^m_{ay} \sim L^{γ \over ν}$, the exponent $γ/ν$ has been estimated to be 2.10$\pm0.11$ .
description: 10 pages Latex and 8 captioned eps figures
Quantum gravity and the holographic dark energy cosmology
Creators: name: Nastase, Horatiu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The holographic dark energy model is obtained from a cosmological constant generated by generic quantum gravity effects giving a minimum length. By contrast, the usual bound for the energy density to be limited by the formation of a black hole simply gives the Friedmann equation. The scale of the current cosmological constant relative to the inflationary scale is an arbitrary parameter characterizing initial conditions, which however can be fixed by introducing a physical principle during inflation, as a function of the number of e-folds and the inflationary scale.
description: 11 pages, no figures; references added, notation changed in section 3
Navigating data lakes for Earth and marine science: FAIR Data management and Service Interoperability in practice
Creators: name: Giuffrida, Rita
name: Cabrera, Patricia
name: Thijsse, Peter
name: Chiusano, Maria Luisa
name: Exter, Katrina
name: Assante, Massimiliano
name: Josée, Marie
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Training, FAIR Data

description: This workshop is envisioned as an addition to the Blue-Cloud Training Academy, which aims to stimulate the uptake of FAIR data practices in marine science and neighbouring disciplines, through contributions by key actors such as EuroGOOS and IEEE. The workshop also has a strong overlap with the FAIR-IMPACT project regarding development and uptake of FAIR service descriptions (expansion of FAIR software) and methods for assessment. To manage and provide access to a large amount of data, a federated or distributed Data Lake can be a solution but it presents some technical bottlenecks and sustainability constraints. For the federation of services it is crucial to achieve technical and semantic interoperability between the services for providing added value to users. “Just providing API’s” is not sufficient. As a basis each data access service (being a “plain” dataset access service or a more advanced subsetting service) needs a FAIR service description which includes e.g. the expected input, output, processing capacity, data policy (CC-BY), etc. Both Blue-Cloud 2026 and FAIR-EASE run into this complex data lake challenge which could be well supported by FAIR service descriptions. Blue-Cloud 2026 is active in the marine domain developing virtual labs, work benches for Essential Ocean Variables (EOVs) and a Virtual Research Environment (VRE) on top of Blue Data Infrastructure services, and, FAIR-EASE develops similar services on top of data access services in the multi-disciplinary domain. Both projects (in coordination with other projects (e.g.,EuroSciencesGateway) contribute to the implementation of the EOSC interoperability framework.
Warnecke, Heinz: Die tatsächliche Romfahrt des Apostels Paulus
Creators: name: Neudorfer, Heinz-Werner
Publisher: name: Jahrbuch für evangelikale Theologie
Year: 2025

description: 1822549132
description: Jahrbuch für evangelikale Theologie, V. 4 (1990): Jahrbuch für evangelikale Theologie, Band 4
Three-dimensional, global, radiative GRMHD simulations of a thermally unstable disc
Creators: name: Mishra, B.
name: Fragile, P. C.
name: Johnson, L. C.
name: Kluźniak, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results of a set of three-dimensional, general relativistic radiation magnetohydrodynamics simulations of thin accretion discs around a non-rotating black hole to test their thermal stability. We consider two cases, one that is initially radiation pressure dominated and expected to be thermally unstable and another that is initially gas-pressure dominated and expected to remain stable. Indeed, we find that cooling dominates over heating in the radiation pressure dominated model, causing the disc to collapse vertically on roughly the local cooling timescale. We also find that heating and cooling within the disc have a different dependence on the mid-plane pressure, a prerequisite of thermal instability. Comparison of our data with the relevant thin-disc thermal equilibrium curve suggests that our disc may be headed for the thermally stable, gas-pressure-dominated branch. However, because the disc collapses to the point that we are no longer able to resolve it, we had to terminate the simulation. On the other hand, the gas pressure dominated model, which was run for twice as long as the radiation pressure dominated one, remains stable, with heating and cooling roughly in balance. Finally, the radiation pressure dominated simulation shows some evidence of viscous instability. The strongest evidence is in plots of surface density, which show the disc breaking up into rings.
description: 12 pages, 20 figures, accepted in MNRAS
Dynamics on networks: competition of temporal and topological correlations
Creators: name: Artime, Oriol
name: Ramasco, Jose J.
name: Miguel, Maxi San
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Links in many real-world networks activate and deactivate in correspondence to the sporadic interactions between the elements of the system. The activation patterns may be irregular or bursty and play an important role on the dynamics of processes taking place in the network. Information or disease spreading in networks are paradigmatic examples of this situation. Besides burstiness, several correlations may appear in the process of link activation: memory effects imply temporal correlations, but also the existence of communities in the network may mediate the activation patterns of internal an external links. Here we study the competition of topological and temporal correlations in link activation and how they affect the dynamics of systems running on the network. Interestingly, both types of correlations by separate have opposite effects: one (topological) delays the dynamics of processes on the network, while the other (temporal) accelerates it. When they occur together, our results show that the direction and intensity of the final outcome depends on the competition in a non trivial way.
description: 10 pages
A micromechanical proof-of-principle experiment for measuring the gravitational force of milligram masses
Creators: name: Schmöle, Jonas
name: Dragosits, Mathias
name: Hepach, Hans
name: Aspelmeyer, Markus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper addresses a simple question: how small can one make a gravitational source mass and still detect its gravitational coupling to a nearby test mass? We describe an experimental scheme based on micromechanical sensing to observe gravity between milligram-scale source masses, thereby improving the current smallest source mass values by three orders of magnitude and possibly even more. We also discuss the implications of such measurements both for improved precision measurements of Newton's constant and for a new generation of experiments at the interface between quantum physics and gravity.
description: 20 pages, 4 figures
Van Lint-MacWilliams' conjecture and maximum cliques in Cayley graphs over finite fields
Creators: name: Asgarli, Shamil
name: Yip, Chi Hoi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 05C69, Secondary 11T30, 05C25, 11T24

description: A well-known conjecture due to van Lint and MacWilliams states that if $A$ is a subset of $\mathbb{F}_{q^2}$ such that $0,1 \in A$, $|A|=q$, and $a-b$ is a square for each $a,b \in A$, then $A$ must be the subfield $\mathbb{F}_q$. This conjecture is often phrased in terms of the maximum cliques in Paley graphs. It was first proved by Blokhuis and later extended by Sziklai to generalized Paley graphs. In this paper, we give a new proof of the conjecture and its variants, and show this Erdős-Ko-Rado property of Paley graphs extends to a larger family of Cayley graphs, which we call Peisert-type graphs, resolving conjectures by Mullin and Yip.
description: 18 pages
An Economically Viable Lunar ISRU Process for Oxygen and Metal Production and Related Benefits for Terrestrial Applications
Creators: name:  PIERRE-ALEXIS JOUMEL ET AL.
Publisher: name: Proceedings of the Aerospace Europe Conference - EUCASS - CEAS - 2023
Year: 2023
Subjects: ISRU
O2

description: A sustainable exploration of the Solar System will be dependent on the use of local resources, provided that they can be produced very efficiently such that the mass of the locally produced resources exceeds the mass of any needed consumables or spares to sustain the process. Any facility considered for that purpose will therefore need to be as compact and robust as possible, minimize the need for maintenance and spare parts and maximize the efficiency of the process. For the specific case of oxygen and metal production from regolith on the Moon an attractive process would need to have the capability to reduce most constituents of lunar regolith and have a high oxygen yield in order to be largely site-independent. Current trends in process development are reviewed and a new process is proposed that will enable an attractive small, simple, compact and efficient lunar facility design for high-purity oxygen and metals production, and produces a metal product that is well suited for a range of downstream manufacturing processes such as additive manufacturing, and aerosol deposition. With its design for minimum maintenance and mass, maximum compactness and robustness, and zero emissions this process is also very interesting for terrestrial applications in the area of clean metals production, and could be a contribution to lowering the emissions of greenhouse gases associated with metals production.
Entanglement properties of the critical quench of O(N) bosons
Creators: name: Lemonik, Yonah
name: Mitra, Aditi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The entanglement properties of quenched quantum systems have been studied for a decade, however results in dimensions other than $d=1$ are generally lacking. We remedy this by investigating the entanglement properties of bosonic critical systems in $d=3$, both numerically and analytically, comparing the free and the interacting critical quench of an $O(N)$ model. We find that the evolution of the entanglement entropy for these two systems is nearly identical, as expected from the "quasi-particle" picture. However, the low-lying entanglement spectrum is controlled by the different critical exponent of the two systems, and therefore these exponents may be extracted by purely entanglement-theoretic calculations. We verify this scaling numerically.
description: 10 pages, 9 figures, 1 appendix. Accepted for publication in PRB. Minor edits in this version
Primality of weakly connected collections of cells and weakly closed path polyominoes
Creators: name: Cisto, Carmelo
name: Navarra, Francesco
name: Utano, Rosanna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05B50, 05E40, 13C05, 13G05

description: In this paper we study the primality of weakly connected collections of cells, showing that the ideal generated by inner 2-minors attached to a weakly connected and simple collection of cells is the toric ideal of the edge ring of a weakly chordal bipartite graph. As an application of this result we characterize the primality of the polyomino ideals of weakly closed paths, a new class of non simple polyominoes.
description: To appear in Illinois Journal of Mathematics. 20 pages, 16 figures
Thermodynamics of Accelerating Black Holes
Creators: name: Appels, Michael
name: Gregory, Ruth
name: Kubiznak, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We address a long-standing problem of describing the thermodynamics of a charged accelerating black hole. We derive a standard first law of black hole thermodynamics, with the usual identification of entropy proportional to the area of the event horizon -- even though the event horizon contains a conical singularity. This result not only extends the applicability of black hole thermodynamics to realms previously not anticipated, it also opens a possibility for studying novel properties of an important class of exact radiative solutions of Einstein equations describing accelerated objects. We discuss the thermodynamic volume, stability and phase structure of these black holes.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures
Pymanopt: A Python Toolbox for Optimization on Manifolds using Automatic Differentiation
Creators: name: Townsend, James
name: Koep, Niklas
name: Weichwald, Sebastian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Software (cs.MS)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Optimization on manifolds is a class of methods for optimization of an objective function, subject to constraints which are smooth, in the sense that the set of points which satisfy the constraints admits the structure of a differentiable manifold. While many optimization problems are of the described form, technicalities of differential geometry and the laborious calculation of derivatives pose a significant barrier for experimenting with these methods. We introduce Pymanopt (available at https://pymanopt.github.io), a toolbox for optimization on manifolds, implemented in Python, that---similarly to the Manopt Matlab toolbox---implements several manifold geometries and optimization algorithms. Moreover, we lower the barriers to users further by using automated differentiation for calculating derivative information, saving users time and saving them from potential calculation and implementation errors.
A first next-to-next-to-leading order study of three-jet production at the LHC
Creators: name: Czakon, Michal
name: Mitov, Alexander
name: Poncelet, Rene
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Multi-jet rates at hadron colliders provide a unique possibility for probing Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD), the theory of strong interactions. By comparing theory predictions with collider data, one can directly test perturbative QCD, extract fundamental parameters like the strong coupling $α_s$ and search for physics beyond the Standard Model. In this work we calculate, for the first time, the next-to-next-to-leading (NNLO) QCD corrections to typical three-jet observables and to differential three-to-two jet ratios. We demonstrate that the inclusion of the NNLO corrections significantly reduces the dependence of those observables on the factorization and renormalization scales. Besides its phenomenological value, this proof-of-principle computation represents a milestone in perturbative QCD.
description: 5 pages, 6 figures, In the original publication, we have evaluated the two-loop finite remainder function with an incorrect colour factor. The updated version of the paper contains the corrected plots and correspondingly updated statements in the text
A Bayesian estimate of the CMB-large-scale structure cross-correlation
Creators: name: Santos, E. Moura
name: Carvalho, F. C.
name: Penna-Lima, M.
name: Novaes, C. P.
name: Wuensche, C. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Evidences for late-time acceleration of the Universe are provided by multiple probes, such as Type Ia supernovae, the cosmic microwave background (CMB) and large-scale structure (LSS). In this work, we focus on the integrated Sachs--Wolfe (ISW) effect, i.e., secondary CMB fluctuations generated by evolving gravitational potentials due to the transition between, e.g., the matter and dark energy (DE) dominated phases. Therefore, assuming a flat universe, DE properties can be inferred from ISW detections. We present a Bayesian approach to compute the CMB--LSS cross-correlation signal. The method is based on the estimate of the likelihood for measuring a combined set consisting of a CMB temperature and a galaxy contrast maps, provided that we have some information on the statistical properties of the fluctuations affecting these maps. The likelihood is estimated by a sampling algorithm, therefore avoiding the computationally demanding techniques of direct evaluation in either pixel or harmonic space. As local tracers of the matter distribution at large scales, we used the Two Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS) galaxy catalog and, for the CMB temperature fluctuations, the ninth-year data release of the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP9). The results show a dominance of cosmic variance over the weak recovered signal, due mainly to the shallowness of the catalog used, with systematics associated with the sampling algorithm playing a secondary role as sources of uncertainty. When combined with other complementary probes, the method presented in this paper is expected to be a useful tool to late-time acceleration studies in cosmology.
description: 21 pages, 15 figures, 4 tables. We extended the previous analyses including WMAP9 Q, V and W channels, besides the ILC map. Updated to match accepted ApJ version