cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
New tantulocarid Polynyapodella ambrosei gen. et sp. nov., (Basipodellidae) from the Northeast Water Polynya (Greenland) with emphasis on the phylogeny of its host genus Cervinia (Copepoda: Harpacticoida)
Creators: name: HUYS, Rony
name: M0BJERG, Nadja
name: KRISTENSEN, Reinhardt M.
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 1997

description: Several life cycle stages of a new genus and species of Tantulocarida are described from the Arctic Northeast Water Polynya (NEW) on the East Greenland shelf. Polynyapodella ambrosei gen. et sp. nov. was found to infest a new species of the deepwater harpacticoid genus Cervinia (Cerviniidae). The tantulocarid is placed in the family Basipodellidae on account of the male trunk sac formation and appears to be most closely related to Nipponotantulus heteroxenus recorded from southern Japan. The harpacticoid host Cervinia sp. shows a close affinity with Cervinia langi and C. philippinensis sp. nov. (proposed for C. langi sensu Itô (1983)). Analysis of the phylogenetic relationships within the genus Cervinia revealed that it represents a paraphyletic taxon as it is currently diagnosed. The genus Pseudocervinia, previously regarded as a junior subjective synonym of Cervinia, is reinstated to accommodate the type-species P. magna. Cervinia tenuiseta shares a sistergroup relationship with the genus Expansicervinia and is assigned to a separate genus Brotskayaia gen. nov. The genus Cervinia is redefined to include the species of the synarthra-group, the type-species C. bradyi and C. pilosa. Neocervinia gen. nov. is proposed to accommodate
 C. tenuicauda and C. unisetosa. The taxonomic position of C. tenuiseta sensu Por (1969), C. synarthra sensu Por (1967) and C. brevipes is briefly discussed as well as the taxonomic implications caused by the extreme sexual dimorphism displayed by some species of Cervinia.
(448) Robert Love
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Types and Amounts of Nonnutritive Sweeteners Purchased by US Households: A Comparison of 2002 and 2018 Nielsen Homescan Purchases
Creators: name: Miles, D.R.
name: Ng, S.W.
name: Popkin, B.
name: Dunford, E.K.
Publisher: name: Elsevier B.V.
Year: 2020

description: Background: Purchases of foods containing nonnutritive sweetener (NNS) alone or in combination with caloric sweeteners (CS) has increased in recent years in the United States. At the same time clinical evidence is emerging of different cardiometabolic effects of each NNS type. Objective: To examine the prevalence and volume purchased of commonly consumed types of NNS in packaged food and beverage products comparing 2002 and 2018 using data from nationally representative samples of US households. Participants/setting: Nielsen Homescan Consumer Panels (The Nielsen Company); 2002 and 2018. Main outcome measures: Prevalence and volume of foods and beverages purchased containing CS, NNS, both CS and NNS, or neither CS nor NNS, as well as prevalence and volume of products containing specific NNS types. Statistical analyses performed: Differences examined using Student t test, P value of <.05 considered significant. Results: Volume of products purchased containing CS decreased comparing 2002 and 2018 (436.6 ± 1.6 to 362.4 ± 1.3 g/d; P <.05), yet increased for products containing both CS and NNS (10.8-36.2 g/d; P <.05). Regarding specific types of NNS, changes were noted in the prevalence of households purchasing products containing saccharin (1.3%-1.1%; P <.05), aspartame (60.0%-49.4%; P <.05), rebaudioside A (0.1%-25.9%) and sucralose (38.7%-71.0%). Non-Hispanic whites purchased twice the volume of products containing NNS compared to Hispanics and non-Hispanic blacks in both years. Beverages were predominantly responsible for larger volume per capita purchases of products containing only NNS as well as both CS and NNS. Conclusions: A decline in purchases of products containing CS occurred in tandem with an increase in purchases of products containing both CS and NNS, along with a large shift in the specific types of NNS being purchased by US households. New NNS types enter the market regularly, and it is important to monitor changes in the amount of NNS and products containing NNS that consumers purchase.
Orthogonal Multiple Access with Correlated Sources: Feasible Region and Pragmatic Schemes
Creators: name: Abrardo, A.
name: Ferrari, G.
name: Martalo', M.
name: Franceschini, M.
name: Raheli, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we consider orthogonal multiple access coding schemes, where correlated sources are encoded in a distributed fashion and transmitted, through additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channels, to an access point (AP). At the AP, component decoders, associated with the source encoders, iteratively exchange soft information by taking into account the source correlation. The first goal of this paper is to investigate the ultimate achievable performance limits in terms of a multi-dimensional feasible region in the space of channel parameters, deriving insights on the impact of the number of sources. The second goal is the design of pragmatic schemes, where the sources use "off-the-shelf" channel codes. In order to analyze the performance of given coding schemes, we propose an extrinsic information transfer (EXIT)-based approach, which allows to determine the corresponding multi-dimensional feasible regions. On the basis of the proposed analytical framework, the performance of pragmatic coded schemes, based on serially concatenated convolutional codes (SCCCs), is discussed.
Models, Statistics, and Rates of Binary Correlated Sources
Creators: name: Martalo', Marco
name: Raheli, Riccardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper discusses and analyzes various models of binary correlated sources, which may be relevant in several distributed communication scenarios. These models are statistically characterized in terms of joint Probability Mass Function (PMF) and covariance. Closed-form expressions for the joint entropy of the sources are also presented. The asymptotic entropy rate for very large number of sources is shown to converge to a common limit for all the considered models. This fact generalizes recent results on the information-theoretic performance limit of communication schemes which exploit the correlation among sources at the receiver.
description: submitted for publication
Experimental studies of front-of-package nutrient warning labels on sugar-sweetened beverages and ultra-processed foods: A scoping review
Creators: name: Ng, S.W.
name: Murukutla, N.
name: Hall, M.G.
name: Popkin, B.M.
name: Taillie, L.S.
Publisher: name: MDPI AG
Year: 2020

description: Policies that require front-of-package (FoP) nutrient warnings are becoming increasingly common across the globe as a strategy to discourage excess consumption of sugary drinks and ultra-processed food. However, a better understanding of the pathway through which FoP nutrient warnings work, as well as a review of how outcomes being measured in recent studies map onto this pathway, are needed in order to inform policy on the most effective FoP label design for reducing purchases of ultra-processed foods. This scoping review describes a conceptual model for how FoP nutrient warnings affect consumer behavior, examines which of these outcomes are currently being measured, and summarizes evidence from randomized controlled experiments. Twenty-two studies which experimentally tested nutrient warnings against a control label or other labeling systems were included for full-text review. Our conceptual model includes attention; comprehension, cognitive elaboration, and message acceptance; negative affect and risk perception; behavioral intentions, and behavioral response, along with other elements such as external factors and interpersonal communications. We found that many studies focused on outcomes such as attention, comprehension, and behavioral intentions, but considerable gaps in the evidence remain, particularly for intermediary steps on the pathway to behavioral change, such as negative affect and social interactions. FoP nutrient warnings were visually attended to by consumers, easy to understand, helped consumers identify products high in nutrients of concern, and discouraged them from purchasing these products, although other labeling systems were perceived as containing more information and performed better at helping consumers rank the healthfulness of products. More research is needed to understand whether and how nutrient warnings work in the real world to discourage consumer purchases of sugary drinks and ultra-processed food.
Inertia Groups and Smooth Structures on Quaternionic Projective Spaces
Creators: name: Basu, Samik
name: Kasilingam, Ramesh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57R60, 57R55, 55P42, 55P25

description: This paper deals with certain results on the number of smooth structures on quaternionic projective spaces, obtained through the computation of inertia group and its analogues, which in turn are computed using techniques from stable homotopy theory. We show that the concordance inertia group is trivial in dimension 20, but there are many examples in high dimensions where the concordance inertia group is non-trivial. We extend these to computations of concordance classes of smooth structures. These have applications to 3-sphere actions on homotopy spheres and tangential homotopy structures.
description: 15 pages
(444) William Henry
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Contribution of major food companies and their products to household dietary sodium purchases in Australia
Creators: name: McKee, S.
name: Dunford, E.K.
name: Wu, J.H.Y.
name: Coyle, D.H.
name: Taylor, F.
name: Shahid, M.
name: Marklund, M.
name: Neal, B.
name: Mhurchu, C.N.
name: Santos, M.
name: Popkin, B.M.
name: Trieu, K.
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2020

description: Background: The Australian federal government will soon release voluntary sodium reduction targets for 30 packaged food categories through the Healthy Food Partnership. Previous assessments of voluntary targets show variable industry engagement, and little is known about the extent that major food companies and their products contribute to dietary sodium purchases among Australian households. Methods: The aim of this cross-sectional study was to identify the relative contribution that food companies and their products made to Australian household sodium purchases in 2018, and to examine differences in sodium purchases by household income level. We used 1 year of grocery purchase data from a nationally representative consumer panel of Australian households who reported their grocery purchases (the Nielsen Homescan panel), combined with database that contains product-specific sodium content for packaged foods and beverages (FoodSwitch). The top food companies and food categories were ranked according to their contribution to household sodium purchases. Differences in per capita sodium purchases by income levels were assessed by 1-factor ANOVA. All analyses were modelled to the Australian population in 2018 using sample weights. Results: Sodium data were available from 7188 households who purchased 26,728 unique products and purchased just under 7.5 million food product units. Out of 1329 food companies, the top 10 accounted for 35% of unique products and contributed to 58% of all sodium purchased from packaged foods and beverages. The top three companies were grocery food retailers each contributing 12-15% of sodium purchases from sales of their private label products, particularly processed meat, cheese and bread. Out of the 67 food categories, the top 10 accounted for 73% of sodium purchased, particularly driven by purchases of processed meat (14%), bread (12%) and sauces (11%). Low-income Australian households purchased significantly more sodium from packaged products than high-income households per capita (452 mg/d, 95%CI: 363-540 mg/d, P < 0.001). Conclusions: A small number of food companies and food categories account for most of the dietary sodium purchased by Australian households. Prioritizing government engagement with these groups could deliver a large reduction in population sodium intake.
Soft drink intake is associated with weight gain, regardless of physical activity levels: The health workers cohort study
Creators: name: Sánchez-Romero, L.M.
name: Popkin, B.M.
name: González-Morales, R.
name: Ramírez-Palacios, P.
name: Canto-Osorio, F.
name: Salmerón, J.
name: Stern, D.
name: Vidanã-Pérez, D.
name: Torres-Ibarra, L.
name: Barrientos-Gutiérrez, T.
name: Hernández-López, R.
name: Rivera-Paredez, B.
Publisher: name: BioMed Central Ltd.
Year: 2020

description: Background: While soft drink intake is positively associated with weight gain, no previous study has investigated whether leisure-time physical activity modifies this association. We estimated the association between soft drink intake and body weight, and explored if this association differed by levels of leisure-time physical activity. Methods: We used data from the health workers cohort study, a prospective study of Mexican adults (20 to 85y old), including 1268 health workers and their families, who were assessed at baseline (2004-2006) and follow-up (2010-2012). We assessed soft drink intake (cola and flavored soda) using a validated food frequency questionnaire. We measured leisure-time physical activity using a self-report questionnaire, and categorized according to the 2010 World Health Organization (WHO) recommendations. Body weight was measured by trained personnel. The association between changes in soft drink intake and weight change, and if such association varied by levels of physical activity was estimated through fixed-effect models. Results: An increase in one serving per day of soft drink was associated with 0.10 kg (95% CI 0.00, 0.19) increase in weight per year. This association was not modified by leisure-time physical activity, as demonstrated by the magnitude of the coefficient of the interaction between soft drink, leisure-time physical activity, and time (-0.03 kg, 95% CI-0.27 to 0.21); people who complied with the WHO physical activity recommendations gained 0.36 kg/year per serving of soft drink, compared to 0.48 kg/year for people without sufficient physical activity. Conclusions: Soft drink intake was associated with weight gain. Leisure-time physical activity did not modify the association between soft drink intake and weight gain. This finding challenges the idea that leisure-time physical activity is sufficient to counterbalance weight gain associated to soft drink intake.
Trainability and Accuracy of Neural Networks: An Interacting Particle System Approach
Creators: name: Rotskoff, Grant M.
name: Vanden-Eijnden, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Neural networks, a central tool in machine learning, have demonstrated remarkable, high fidelity performance on image recognition and classification tasks. These successes evince an ability to accurately represent high dimensional functions, but rigorous results about the approximation error of neural networks after training are few. Here we establish conditions for global convergence of the standard optimization algorithm used in machine learning applications, stochastic gradient descent (SGD), and quantify the scaling of its error with the size of the network. This is done by reinterpreting SGD as the evolution of a particle system with interactions governed by a potential related to the objective or "loss" function used to train the network. We show that, when the number $n$ of units is large, the empirical distribution of the particles descends on a convex landscape towards the global minimum at a rate independent of $n$, with a resulting approximation error that universally scales as $O(n^{-1})$. These properties are established in the form of a Law of Large Numbers and a Central Limit Theorem for the empirical distribution. Our analysis also quantifies the scale and nature of the noise introduced by SGD and provides guidelines for the step size and batch size to use when training a neural network. We illustrate our findings on examples in which we train neural networks to learn the energy function of the continuous 3-spin model on the sphere. The approximation error scales as our analysis predicts in as high a dimension as $d=25$.
(445) Duncan Baxter
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
The Douglas-Rachford algorithm in the affine-convex case
Creators: name: Bauschke, Heinz H.
name: Dao, Minh N.
name: Moursi, Walaa M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The Douglas-Rachford algorithm is a simple yet effective method for solving convex feasibility problems. However, if the underlying constraints are inconsistent, then the convergence theory is incomplete. We provide convergence results when one constraint is an affine subspace. As a consequence, we extend a result by Spingarn from halfspaces to general closed convex sets admitting least-squares solutions.
Empirical Similarity for Absent Data Generation in Imbalanced Classification
Creators: name: Pourhabib, Arash
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: When the training data in a two-class classification problem is overwhelmed by one class, most classification techniques fail to correctly identify the data points belonging to the underrepresented class. We propose Similarity-based Imbalanced Classification (SBIC) that learns patterns in the training data based on an empirical similarity function. To take the imbalanced structure of the training data into account, SBIC utilizes the concept of absent data, i.e. data from the minority class which can help better find the boundary between the two classes. SBIC simultaneously optimizes the weights of the empirical similarity function and finds the locations of absent data points. As such, SBIC uses an embedded mechanism for synthetic data generation which does not modify the training dataset, but alters the algorithm to suit imbalanced datasets. Therefore, SBIC uses the ideas of both major schools of thoughts in imbalanced classification: Like cost-sensitive approaches SBIC operates on an algorithm level to handle imbalanced structures; and similar to synthetic data generation approaches, it utilizes the properties of unobserved data points from the minority class. The application of SBIC to imbalanced datasets suggests it is comparable to, and in some cases outperforms, other commonly used classification techniques for imbalanced datasets.
Cross-sectional association between diet quality and cardiometabolic risk by education level in Mexican adults
Creators: name: López-Olmedo, N.
name: Taillie, L.S.
name: Gordon-Larsen, P.
name: Popkin, B.M.
Publisher: name: Cambridge University Press
Year: 2020

description: Objective: Understanding the association between diet quality and cardiometabolic risk by education level is important for preventing increased cardiometabolic risk in the Mexican population, especially considering pre-existing disparities in diet quality. The present study examined the cross-sectional association of overall diet quality with cardiometabolic risk, overall and by education level, among Mexican men and women.Design: Cardiometabolic risk was defined by using biomarkers and diet quality by the Mexican Diet Quality Index. We computed sex-specific multivariable logistic regression models.Setting: Mexico.Participants: Mexican men (n 634) and women (n 875) participating in the Mexican National Health and Nutrition Survey 2012.Results: We did not find associations of diet quality with cardiometabolic risk factors in the total sample or in men by education level. However, we observed that for each 10-unit increase in the dietary quality score, the odds of diabetes risk in women with no reading/writing skills was 0·47 (95 % CI 0·26, 0·85) relative to the odds in women with ≥10 years of school (referent). Similarly, for each 10-unit increase of the dietary quality score, the odds of having three v. no lipid biomarker level beyond the risk threshold in lower-educated women was 0·27 (95 % CI 0·12, 0·63) relative to the odds in higher-educated women.Conclusions: Diet quality has a stronger protective association with some cardiometabolic disease risk factors for lower- than higher-educated Mexican women, but no association with cardiometabolic disease risk factors among men. Future research will be needed to understand what diet factors could be influencing the cardiometabolic disease risk disparities in this population.
S4_Differences among farmers groups regarding management and NCP awareness
Creators: name: Albizua, Amaia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 70101 Agricultural Land Management
subject: FOS: Other agricultural sciences
subject: 70107 Farming Systems Research
subject: 149902 Ecological Economics
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Land management differences among the groups of farmers with NCP co-production awareness
Streblospio shrubsolii (Polychaeta : Spionidae): temporal fluctuations in size and reproductive activity
Creators: name: LARDICCI, Claudio
name: CECCHERELLI, Giulia
name: ROSSI, Francesca
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 1997

description: Temporal fluctuations in size and reproductive activity of a Streblospio shrubsolii population were studied in a small brackish basin, to evaluate how these features influenced population dynamics and determine the persistence of this species in such an unstable environment. In the three study years, S. shrubsolii exhibited continuous reproduction from March to November but with two seasonal peaks in late spring and autumn. Larvae were lecithotrophic and developed
 between the female body and the tube wall. Individual fecundity showed significant differences between seasons, with trends coinciding with variations in mean female size. Changes in population size structure gave evidence that density fluctuations resulted mainly from recruitment during spring-early summer, or autumn. Potential larval production patterns peaked 1 or 2 months prior to periods of maximal abundance, and exhibited a progressive increase especially during the autumn of the study periods. Different life-history traits and different levels in reproductive activity were observed both on the temporal (study population) and spatial scale (other populations described) in S. shrubsolii. It is suggested that S. shrubsolii life- history flexibility may represent a successful way to maximize fitness in a fluctuating environment
Transversality in the setting of hyperbolic and parabolic maps
Creators: name: Levin, Genadi
name: Shen, Weixiao
name: van Strien, Sebastian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37-xx, 30-xx

description: In this paper we consider families of holomorphic maps defined on subsets of the complex plane, and show that the technique developed in \cite{LSvS1} to treat unfolding of critical relations can also be used to deal with cases where the critical orbit converges to a hyperbolic attracting or a parabolic periodic orbit. As before this result applies to rather general families of maps, such as polynomial-like mappings, provided some lifting property holds. Our Main Theorem states that either the multiplier of a hyperbolic attracting periodic orbit depends univalently on the parameter and bifurcations at parabolic periodic points are generic, or one has persistency of periodic orbits with a fixed multiplier.
description: Published version
(447) Elizabeth Brownlie
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
A bound on chaos
Creators: name: Maldacena, Juan
name: Shenker, Stephen H.
name: Stanford, Douglas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We conjecture a sharp bound on the rate of growth of chaos in thermal quantum systems with a large number of degrees of freedom. Chaos can be diagnosed using an out-of-time-order correlation function closely related to the commutator of operators separated in time. We conjecture that the influence of chaos on this correlator can develop no faster than exponentially, with Lyapunov exponent $λ_L \le 2 πk_B T/\hbar$. We give a precise mathematical argument, based on plausible physical assumptions, establishing this conjecture.
description: 16+6 pages, 2 figures
Disorders provoked by copper in the marine diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum in short-time exposure assays
Creators: name: CID, Angeles
name: TORRES, Enrique
name: HERRERO, Conception
name: ABALDE, Julio E.
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 1997

description: Copper toxicity on the marine diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum was assessed after 24 hours of exposure, using different parameters: growth, 14C-bicarbonate assimilation, 3H-thymidine incorporation, photosynthetic pigment content, and others assayed by flow cytometry, such as cellular volume, chlorophyll a autofluorescence and cell viability. Different degrees of sensitivity were observed for the different analysis. Cell viability assayed by flow cytometry was the less sensitive parameter.
title: Hosting an online World Café to develop an understanding of digital health promoting settings from citizen's perspective
title: Veranstaltung eines online World Cafés zur Entwicklung eines Verständnisses digitaler Settings in der Gesundheitsförderung aus Bürger*innenperspektive : methodische Potenziale und Herausforderungen
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Albrecht, Joanna
name: Stark, Anna Lea
name: Dongas, Eleana
name: Wrona, Kamil J.
name: Dockweiler, Christoph
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek Siegen
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin, Gesundheit
subject: Digital setting
subject: Digital health
subject: Virtual world café
subject: Health promotion
subject: Healthy settings
subject: eHealth
subject: Partizipation
subject: Gesundheitsförderung
subject: E-Health
subject: Gesundheitsförderung
subject: Computerunterstützte Kommunikation
subject: Teilhabe

description: Brown and Isaacs’World Café is a participatory research method to make connections to the ideas of others. During the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and the corresponding contact restrictions, only digital hostings of World Cafés were possible. This article aims to present and reflect on the potentials and challenges of hosting onlineWorld Cafés and to derive recommendations for other researchers. Via Zoom and Conceptboard, three online World Cafés were conducted in August 2021. In the World Cafés, the main focus was on the increasing digitization in settings in the context of health promotion and prevention from the perspective of setting members of educational institutions, leisure clubs, and communities. Between 9 and 13 participants participated in three World Cafés. Hosting comprises the phases of design and preparation, realisation, and evaluation. Generally, hosting an online World Café is a suitable method for participatory engagement, but particular challenges have to be overcome. Overall café hosts must create an equal participation environment by ensuring the availability of digital devices and stable internet access. The event schedule must react flexibly to technical disruptions and varying participation numbers. Further, compensatory measures such as support in the form of technical training must be implemented before the event. Finally, due to the higher complexity of digitalisation, roles of participants and staff need to be distributed and coordinated.
Odyssey of a small-town midwestern boy to a scholarly path
Creators: name: Popkin, B.M.
Publisher: name: Springer Nature
Year: 2020

description: I grew up in Superior, Wisconsin, in a strongly connected, education-oriented family. My father was a high school graduate, and my mother spent 1 month in college before leaving to support her siblings. Both of my parents, as well as my grandmother, stressed the importance of education. Every Sunday we visited my mother’s large clan in Duluth for a full day of play. I with eight or ten cousins would laugh and run, while my parents conversed with the other adults. We were close, literally. Within 100 m, I could find my family, my grandmother, who was next door as was my uncle and aunt, who lived with their two kids. Annual family gatherings were normal, and family was important, a strong element in my life.
title: Investigation of pore filling of nanoporous aluminum oxide by thermoresponsive PNIPAM polymer using SAXS experiment
title: Untersuchung der Porenfüllung von Nanoporösem Aluminiumoxid durch thermoresponsive PNIPAM-Polymer mittels SAXS-Experiment
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Erfani, Mona
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek Siegen
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik
subject: SAXS
subject: Monte Carlo algorithm
subject: Nanoporous materials
subject: Thermoresponsive polymer
subject: Pore filling
subject: Röntgen-Kleinwinkelstreuung
subject: Thermoresponsive Polymere
subject: Nanoporöser Stoff
subject: Monte-Carlo-Simulation

description: In this thesis we aim to determine the filling status and thermoresponsive behavior of polymer in the confinement of nanopores of aluminum oxide. The anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) nanopores are obtained by the anodization of the aluminum under certain conditions. The right choice of anodization condition enables us to achieve well-ordered hexagonal arrangement of circular pores. The AAO nanopores are then filled by thermoresponsive poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide) polymers (PNIPAM) with different percentages of solution concentration. The X-ray reflectivity (XRR) from polymers which are wetting on silicon substrates with various solution concentrations is used to determine their wetting and scattering properties. Samples with empty and filled pores are carefully calibrated and examined by small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). The in-situ SAXS experiment at filled samples is performed at temperatures above and below the lower critical solution temperature (LCST) with the purpose to find differences of the effective pore diameter caused by different wetting behaviors at the pores inner surfaces. The 2D scattering pattern is converted to line profiles which contains the structural information of the sample. An analytical model of SAXS intensity taken from the sample system is adapted to describe the scattering properties of samples under investigation. The parameters of the model are obtained by fitting to the experimental data employing a Monte-Carlo algorithm. It is shown that the developed mathematical model describes the structural parameters of the AAO in reasonable agreement and are in good agreement with previous works. Particular details of the scattering pattern for the different measurements are found qualitatively with the help of a toy model. This model is built up by an analytical solution of the 2D gratings problem containing circular pinholes. The differences in samples with varied polymer solution concentrations as well as the differences for the measurements at various temperatures are estimated with the use of this model. More accurate model that can provide detailed and quantitative analysis of samples differences is explained. In this approach, the accuracy of the sample identification is a question of higher resolution of the measured data which can be gained by a different experimental setup.
Second Harmonic Coherent Driving of a Spin Qubit in a Si/SiGe Quantum Dot
Creators: name: Scarlino, P.
name: Kawakami, E.
name: Ward, D. R.
name: Savage, D. E.
name: Lagally, M. G.
name: Friesen, Mark
name: Coppersmith, S. N.
name: Eriksson, M. A.
name: Vandersypen, L. M. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate coherent driving of a single electron spin using second harmonic excitation in a Si/SiGe quantum dot. Our estimates suggest that the anharmonic dot confining potential combined with a gradient in the transverse magnetic field dominates the second harmonic response. As expected, the Rabi frequency depends quadratically on the driving amplitude and the periodicity with respect to the phase of the drive is twice that of the fundamental harmonic. The maximum Rabi frequency observed for the second harmonic is just a factor of two lower than that achieved for the first harmonic when driving at the same power. Combined with the lower demands on microwave circuitry when operating at half the qubit frequency, these observations indicate that second harmonic driving can be a useful technique for future quantum computation architectures.
description: 9 pages, 9 figures
PREMIÈRES DONNÉES SUR LA RÉGULATION OSMOTIQUE ET LA RÉGULATION IONIQUE DU CRABE TERRESTRE, CARDISOMA ARM AT UM HERKLOTS
Creators: name: DE LEERSNYDER, M.
name: HOESTLANDT, H.
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 1963

description: 1.—Cardiosoma armatum, terrestrial equatorial Crab, has well-developed power of osmotic regulation : hypotonicily in sea water and hypertonicity in fresh water.
2.—By variations of water salinity, urine is always isotonic with serum.
3.—By variations of temperature (30°C and 15°C), the osmotic capacity of crabs does not change.
4.—In serum, ions Cl-, Na+, Mg++ are in relation with the salinity of water. Ions K+ and Ca++ do not change by external variations.
5.—In urine, Ca++ is less abondant than in serum. The excretory gland gives more Mg++ when crabs are in sea water.
Device-independent verification of Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen steering
Creators: name: Zhao, Yuan-Yuan
name: Zhang, Chao
name: Cheng, Shuming
name: Li, Xinhui
name: Guo, Yu
name: Liu, Bi-Heng
name: Ku, Huan-Yu
name: Chen, Shin-Liang
name: Wen, Qiaoyan
name: Huang, Yun-Feng
name: Xiang, Guo-Yong
name: Li, Chuan-Feng
name: Guo, Guang-Can
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Entanglement lies at the heart of quantum mechanics, and has been identified an essential resource for diverse applications in quantum information. If entanglement could be verified without any trust in the devices of observers, i.e., in a device-independent (DI) way, then unconditional security can be guaranteed for various quantum information tasks. In this work, we propose an experimental-friendly DI protocol to certify the presence of entanglement, based on Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) steering. We first establish the DI verification framework, relying on the measurement-device-independent technique and self-testing, and show it is able to verify all EPR-steerable states. In the context of three-measurement settings as per party, it is found to be noise robustness towards inefficient measurements and imperfect self-testing. Finally, a four-photon experiment is implemented to device-independently verify EPR-steering even for Bell local states. Our work paves the way for realistic implementations of secure quantum information tasks.
description: Experiments are rerun to collect more data to do tomography and the text is significantly refined; Comments are still welcome
Expression profiles of immune-related genes in coelomocytes during regeneration after evisceration in Apostichopus japonicus
Creators: name: Dang, H F
name: Han, X
name: Guo, Y
name: Li, Q
name: Ye, S G
name: Liu, J
name: Li, R J
Publisher: name: Invertebrate Survival Journal
Year: 2020

description: A representative echinoderm, the sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus has a special regeneration mechanism. The sea cucumber has no specific immune tissues or organs. Coelomocytes of sea cucumbers are involved in their cellular and humoral immunity. In this study, expression profiles of the main immune-related factors in sea cucumber coelomocytes were detected during coelomocyte regeneration after evisceration in A. japonicus. Immune-related factors Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (Cu/Zn SOD), Catalase (CAT), C-type lysozyme (C-LYZ), Cathepsin D (CTSD), Melanotransferrin (MTF), Toll-like receptor (TLR), C-type lectin (C-LCT), Complement 3 (C3), Myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MYD88), Nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB), NF-κB inhibitor (IKB), TNF receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6), Peroxiredoxins (PRX), Nitric oxide synthase(NOS), Caspase-2 (CASP-2), Phenoloxidase (PO), and Glutathione Peroxidase(GPX), Heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) were detected by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR at different time points during regeneration. The main immune-related genes in sea cucumber coelomocytes were significantly differentially expressed after evisceration, and an upregulation was observed for the majority of the considered genes. In summary, the discharge of viscera had a significant effect on expression of immune-related genes of sea cucumber coelomocytes. The expression level of each gene had a certain correlation with the sea cucumber regeneration process. The results provide reference data for the immune response of coelomocytes during regeneration.
description: Invertebrate Survival Journal, Vol 17 No 1 (2020)
Subjektivität im Arbeitshandeln als neue Perspektive der Personalarbeit
Creators: name: Modrow-Thiel, Brita
Publisher: name: Universität Bremen
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Organisationsentwicklung
subject: Qualifizierung
subject: 330

description: Veränderte Umweltanforderungen, die mit veränderten Konkurrenzanforderungen verbunden sind, haben neue Organisationskonzepte und den Einsatz neuer Produktionstechnologien zur Folge. Ein Paradigmenwechsel von hierarchischen Strukturen zu dynamischen, selbststeuernden Systemen kündigt sich vielerorts an. Im Produktionsbereich hießt dies für die Arbeitenden in allen Hierarchiestufen, daß sie neue Kompetenzen, die auch - bisher vielfach vernachlässigte - lebensweltliche Fertigkeiten und Fähigkeiten betreffen, einbringen müssen. Kompetenzen, die früher außergewöhnlich und karrierefördernd waren, werden unter den neuen Bedingungen zur Selbstverständlichkeit. Um diesen Anforderungen nachkommen zu können, müssen entsprechende entwicklungsförderliche Bedingungen für die Arbeitenden und damit auch letztendlich für die Organisation selbst geschaffen werden. Personalarbeit - als Personalentwicklung - muß auf personaler, interpersonaler und apersonaler Ebene einsetzen. Dabei wird auf die Gestaltung des Zusammenspiels von Personentwicklung und Organisationsentwicklung ein wesentlicher Schwerpunkt gesetzt werden müssen.
Grid-based estimates of stellar ages in binary systems. SCEPtER: Stellar CharactEristics Pisa Estimation gRid
Creators: name: Valle, G.
name: Dell'Omodarme, M.
name: Moroni, P. G. Prada
name: Degl'Innocenti, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the performance of grid-based techniques in estimating the age of stars in detached eclipsing binary systems. We evaluate the precision of the estimates due to the uncertainty in the observational constraints, and the systematic bias caused by the uncertainty in convective core overshooting, element diffusion, mixing-length value, and initial helium content. We adopted the SCEPtER grid, which includes stars with mass in the range [0.8; 1.6] Msun and evolutionary stages from the ZAMS to the central hydrogen depletion. Age estimates have been obtained by a generalisation of the technique described in our previous work. We showed that the typical 1 sigma random error in age estimates - due to the uncertainty on the observational constraints - is about +- 7%, which is nearly independent of the masses of the two stars. However, such an error strongly depends on the evolutionary phase and becomes larger and asymmetric for stars near the ZAMS where it ranges from about +90% to -25%. The systematic bias due to the including mild and strong convective core overshooting is about 50% and 120% of the error due to observational uncertainties. A variation of +- 1 in the helium-to-metal enrichment ratio accounts for about +- 150% of the random error. The neglect of microscopic diffusion accounts for a bias of about 60% of the random error. We also introduced a statistical test of the expected difference in the recovered age of two coeval stars in a binary system. We find that random fluctuations within the current observational uncertainties can lead genuine coeval binary components to appear to be non-coeval with a difference in age as high as 60%.
description: A&A accepted
Distributional Changes in U.S. Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Purchases, 2002–2014
Creators: name: Valizadeh, P.
name: Ng, S.W.
name: Popkin, B.M.
Publisher: name: Elsevier Inc.
Year: 2020

description: Introduction: U.S. policy actions focus on reducing sugar-sweetened beverage purchases. Yet, there are no studies on trends in overall purchase distribution and how it has changed by key subpopulations. This study examined changes in distributions of total sugar-sweetened beverage purchases and its major subtypes (regular carbonated soft drinks and fruit/sports/energy drinks) in 2002–2014 and distinguished among low, moderate, and high purchasers. Methods: Longitudinal data on sugar-sweetened beverage purchases of U.S. households from the 2002–2014 Nielsen Homescan Panel were used. Sugar-sweetened beverages were defined as all caloric non-alcoholic beverages containing added sugars. Longitudinal quantile regression model examined trends across distributions (from quantile 25 to 95) of purchases (measured in kcal/day/capita), while accounting for households’ unobserved differences. All statistical analyses were conducted in 2019. Results: All households across the total purchase distribution significantly reduced their purchases. High purchasers made less proportional reductions than low purchasers (e.g., 35% at 95th quantile vs 62% at 25th quantile). However, the smaller relative reductions among higher purchasers translated into larger absolute decreases (e.g., 134 kcal/day/capita at 95th quantile vs 23 kcal/day/capita at 25th quantile). Similar patterns in heterogeneity were observed across sugar-sweetened beverage subtype distributions and among racial/ethnic and income groups. In addition, there were significant racial/ethnic and income disparities in total sugar-sweetened beverage purchases in 2002–2003. Although racial/ethnic disparities among higher purchasers improved, income disparity patterns at all purchase levels persisted into 2013–2014. Conclusions: From 2002‒2003 to 2013–2014, U.S. households at all purchase levels made meaningful reductions in sugar-sweetened beverage purchases in both absolute and relative terms. Furthermore, racial/ethnic disparities in total sugar-sweetened beverage purchases narrowed, but income disparity patterns persisted.
S5_ERGM to check homophily in the type of farming effect in ties formation
Creators: name: Albizua, Amaia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 70102 Agricultural Land Planning
subject: FOS: Other agricultural sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: ERGM to check homophily in the type of farming effect in ties formation