cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Fluctuation theorems for stochastic dynamics
Creators: name: Harris, R. J.
name: Schütz, G. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fluctuation theorems make use of time reversal to make predictions about entropy production in many-body systems far from thermal equilibrium. Here we review the wide variety of distinct, but interconnected, relations that have been derived and investigated theoretically and experimentally. Significantly, we demonstrate, in the context of Markovian stochastic dynamics, how these different fluctuation theorems arise from a simple fundamental time-reversal symmetry of a certain class of observables. Appealing to the notion of Gibbs entropy allows for a microscopic definition of entropy production in terms of these observables. We work with the master equation approach, which leads to a mathematically straightforward proof and provides direct insight into the probabilistic meaning of the quantities involved. Finally, we point to some experiments that elucidate the practical significance of fluctuation relations.
description: 48 pages, 2 figures. v2: minor changes for consistency with published version
A brief introduction to Copim & Opening the Future
Creators: name: Grady, Tom
name: Hopkins, Kira
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: This presentation was delivered to the Association of University Presses at their OA Committee Meeting, on 10 March 2025. 

Speakers: Tom Grady, Birkbeck, University of London. Project Co-Lead at Copim Open Book Futures

Kira Hopkins, Birkbeck, University of London. Scholarly Publishing Outreach Officer at Copim Open Book Futures
description: The Open Book Futures project is co-funded by Arcadia and Research England Development (RED) Fund (UKRI). Arcadia is a charitable foundation that works to protect nature, preserve cultural heritage and promote open access to knowledge. Since 2002 Arcadia has awarded more than $1 billion to organizations around the world. Research England Development (RED) Fund (UKRI) is a fund supporting institutional-level innovative projects in research and knowledge exchange including collaborations between education providers and between education providers and business.
Redefining Learning: Interdisciplinary Curriculum in Higher Education
Creators: name: Yogendra Deora
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: This research paper examines the rise of interdisciplinary curricula in higher education, focusing on its benefits and challenges. It underscores the shift from traditional disciplines to integrating knowledge across fields, which enhances critical thinking, creativity, and problem-solving by addressing real-world issues holistically. The study highlights how interdisciplinary approaches foster collaboration and a broader understanding of societal challenges. However, it also acknowledges challenges, such as faculty resistance, the need for institutional support, and the difficulties in designing and assessing such courses. Through literature reviews and case studies, the research provides insights and practical recommendations for educators, administrators, and policymakers aiming to implement interdisciplinary education. The study ultimately argues that interdisciplinary curricula better prepare students for modern complexities by promoting a more interconnected, holistic approach to learning.
The Narrowest M-dwarf Line Profiles and the Rotation-Activity Connection at Very Slow Rotation
Creators: name: Reiners, Ansgar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The rotation-activity connection explains stellar activity in terms of rotation and convective overturn time. It is well established in stars of spectral types F--K and in M-type stars of young clusters. It is not established in field M-dwarfs, because they rotate very slowly, and detecting rotation periods or rotational line broadening is a challenge. In field M-dwarfs, saturation sets in below v_rot = 5 km/s, hence they are expected to populate the non-saturated part of the rotation-activity connection. This work for the first time shows intrinsically resolved spectral lines of slowly rotating M-dwarfs and makes a first comparison to estimates of convective velocities. By measuring rotation velocities in a sample of mostly inactive M-dwarfs, the unsaturated part of the rotation-activity connection is followed into the regime of very low activity. Spectra of ten M-dwarfs are taken at a resolving power of R = 200 000 in the molecular FeH absorption band. The intrinsically narrow lines are compared to model calculations and rotational broadening is measured. In one star, an upper limit of vsini = 1 km/s was found, significant rotation was detected in the other nine objects. All inactive stars show rotation below or equal to 2 km/s. In the two active stars AD Leo and YZ CMi, rotation velocities are found to be 40-50% below the results from earlier studies. The rotation activity connection holds in field early-M stars, too. Activity and rotation velocities of the sample stars are well in agreement with the relation found in earlier and younger stars. The intrinsic absorption profiles of molecular FeH lines are consistent with calculations from atomic Fe lines. Investigation of FeH line profiles is a very promising tool to measure convection patterns at the surfaces of M-stars.
description: accepted by A&A, 11 pages [abstract abridged]
Where to locate COVID-19 mass vaccination facilities?
Creators: name: Bertsimas, Dimitris
name: Digalakis, Vassilis
name: Jacquillat, Alexander
name: Li, Michael Lingzhi
name: Previero, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The outbreak of COVID-19 led to a record-breaking race to develop a vaccine. However, the limited vaccine capacity creates another massive challenge: how to distribute vaccines to mitigate the near-end impact of the pandemic? In the United States in particular, the new Biden administration is launching mass vaccination sites across the country, raising the obvious question of where to locate these clinics to maximize the effectiveness of the vaccination campaign. This paper tackles this question with a novel data-driven approach to optimize COVID-19 vaccine distribution. We first augment a state-of-the-art epidemiological model, called DELPHI, to capture the effects of vaccinations and the variability in mortality rates across age groups. We then integrate this predictive model into a prescriptive model to optimize the location of vaccination sites and subsequent vaccine allocation. The model is formulated as a bilinear, non-convex optimization model. To solve it, we propose a coordinate descent algorithm that iterates between optimizing vaccine distribution and simulating the dynamics of the pandemic. As compared to benchmarks based on demographic and epidemiological information, the proposed optimization approach increases the effectiveness of the vaccination campaign by an estimated $20\%$, saving an extra $4000$ extra lives in the United States over a three-month period. The proposed solution achieves critical fairness objectives -- by reducing the death toll of the pandemic in several states without hurting others -- and is highly robust to uncertainties and forecast errors -- by achieving similar benefits under a vast range of perturbations.
Role of the posterior parietal cortex in multimodal spatial behaviours
Creators: name: Kwan, Teresa
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The posterior parietal cortex (PPC) is a cortical region receiving inputs from different sensory modalities which has been shown to subserve a visuospatial function. The potential contribution of PPC in audiospatial behaviours and recognition of amodal spatial correspondences were postulated and assessed in the present study. Adult male Long- Evans rats received PPC lesions by aspiration, and they were compared to sham operated control rats on three behavioural tasks. In the Morris water maze, the rats had to learn to use the distal visual cues to locate an escape platform hidden in the pool. In an open field task, the rats were assessed on their reactions to a spatial relocation of a visual or an auditory object. In a spatial cross-modal transfer (CMT) task (Tees & Buhrmann, 1989), rats were trained to respond to light signals using spatial rules, and were then subjected to transfer tests using comparable sound signals. Results from the Morris water maze, the open field, and the initial training phase of the spatial CMT task confirmed a visuospatial deficit in PPC lesioned rats. However, if given sufficient training, PPC lesioned rats could learn the location of a hidden platform in the Morris water maze, and they could also acquire spatial rules in the CMT task. Such results indicated that the visuospatial deficits in PPC lesioned rats were less severe than previously thought. On the other hand, a persistent navigational difficulty characterized by a looping pattern of movement was observed in the PPC lesioned rats in the Morris water maze. Results from the open field indicated that PPC was less involved in audiospatial behaviours. Moreover, results also indicated that PPC was not necessary for spatial CMT. Hence, data from the present study did not support the idea that PPC played an essential role in supramodal spatial abilities in the rats. Instead, data from the spatial CMT task seemed to imply a role of PPC in managing conflicting spatial information coming from different sensory modalities.
Effect of Fillers on Erosion Wear Rate of Polymer Matrix Composites
Creators: name: MOHAMMED, RAFFI
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mechanical Engineering
subject: FOS: Mechanical engineering

description: Abstract— Over conventional materials as polymer matrix composites possess advanced properties; their usage has beenincreased from past few years in regard with the engineering applications over the enhanced performance and conventional materials. This influenced the researches to extend their work on composites of polymer. In this the researches are very keen to work on polymers composites erosion properties. The possible improvement of the composites which are filled in regard with the erosion resistance property has attracted the research scholars to know the practicability in usage of different materials of filler for particular applications of erosion resistance in polymer matrix. In concern with the filled composite tribological performance, available literatures are very few. The main agenda of the current study is to review the different literature of loaded composites erosion characteristics which were performed till date.
Shape of atomic nuclei in heavy ion collisions
Creators: name: Jia, Jiangyong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the hydrodynamic model description of heavy ion collisions, the final-state anisotropic flow $v_n$ are linearly related to the strength of the multi-pole shape of the distribution of nucleons in the transverse plane $\varepsilon_n$, $v_n\propto \varepsilon_n$. The $\varepsilon_n$, for $n=1,2,3,4$, are sensitive to the shape of the colliding ions, characterized by the quadrupole $β_2$, octupole $β_3$ and hexadecapole $β_4$ deformations. This sensitivity is investigated analytically and also in a Monte Carlo Glauber model. One observes a robust linear relation, $\langle\varepsilon_n^2\rangle = a_n'+b_n'β_n^2$, for events in a fixed centrality. The $\langle\varepsilon_1^2\rangle$ has a contribution from $β_3$ and $β_4$, and $\langle\varepsilon_3^2\rangle$ from $β_4$. In the ultra-central collisions, there are little cross contributions between $β_2$ and $\varepsilon_3$ and between $β_3$ and $\varepsilon_2$, but clear cross contributions are present in non-central collisions. Additionally, $\langle\varepsilon_n^2\rangle$ are insensitive to non-axial shape parameters such as the triaxiality. This is good news because the measurements of $v_2$, $v_3$ and $v_4$ can be used to constrain simultaneously the $β_2$, $β_3$, and $β_4$ values. This is best done by comparing two colliding ions with similar mass numbers and therefore nearly identical $a_n'$, to obtain simple equation that relates the $β_n$ of the two species. This opens up the possibility to map the shape of the atomic nuclei at a timescale ($<10^{-24}$s) much shorter than probed by low-energy nuclear structure physics ($<10^{-21}$s), which ultimately may provide information complementary to those obtained in the nuclear structure experiments.
description: 18 pages, 9 figures plus two appendixes, published version
Wohnen als Produktionsgemeinschaftsaufgabe
Creators: name: Finkenberger, Isabel Marie
Publisher: name: Jahrbuch für Christliche Sozialwissenschaften
Year: 2021

description: Wohnen als neue soziale Frage ist mehr als die Produktion neuer Formen von Wohnen und deren architektonischer Gestalt, und auch mehr als nur die Umsetzung sich verändernder, jedoch individuell formulierter Wohnwünsche. Sie spannt sich auf zwischen gesellschafts- und nachhaltigkeitspolitischen, hardcore-kapitalistischen und globalen Rahmenbedingungen, Hardware und Software, Individuum und Gemeinwohl, Konsum und Mitgestaltung. Entscheidend sind die Akteure und die Art und Weise, wie und nach welchen Maßstäben sie handeln. Entscheidend ist aber auch, Wohnen sowohl kontextuell wie auch programmatisch neu zu denken und dadurch zu neuen Mischungen, Nachbarschaften und Bewertungskriterien einer Projekt- und Stadtentwicklung zu kommen, die mehr als die Summe seiner Einzelteile wollen – ein gutes Leben für Alle abseits der Frage des Geldbeutels und der sozialen Zugehörigkeit.
description: Jahrbuch für Christliche Sozialwissenschaften, Bd. 62 (2021): Wohnen - gutes Leben - Gerechtigkeit
Design of Plasmon Cavities for Solid-State Cavity QED Applications
Creators: name: Gong, Yiyang
name: Vuckovic, Jelena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Research on photonic cavities with low mode volume and high quality factor garners much attention because of applications ranging from optoelectronics to cavity quantum electrodynamics (QED). We propose a cavity based on surface plasmon modes confined by metallic distributed Bragg reflectors. We analyze the structure with Finite Difference Time Domain simulations and obtain modes with quality factor 1000 (including losses from metals), reduced mode volume relative to photonic crystal cavities, Purcell enhancements of hundreds, and even the capability of enabling cavity QED strong coupling.
description: added physical temperature dependence, added reference
SHARC-2 350 Micron Observations of Distant Submillimeter Selected Galaxies
Creators: name: Kovacs, A.
name: Chapman, S. C.
name: Dowell, C. D.
name: Blain, A. W.
name: Ivison, R. J.
name: Smail, I.
name: Phillips, T. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present 350 micron observations of 15 Chapman et al. submillimeter galaxies (SMGs) with radio counterparts and optical redshifts. We detect 12 and obtain sensitive upper limits for three, providing direct, precise measurements of their far-infrared luminosities and characteristic dust temperatures. With these, we verify the linear radio--far-infrared correlation at redshifts of z ~ 1--3 and luminosities of 10^11--10^13 L_sun, with a power-law index of 1.02+-0.12 and rms scatter of 0.12 dex. However, either the correlation constant q or the dust emissivity index beta is lower than measured locally. The best fitting q ~ 2.14 is consistent with SMGs being predominantly starbust galaxies, without significant AGN contribution, at far-infrared wavelengths. Gas-to-dust mass ratios are estimated at 54+-13 (kappa_850 / 0.15 m^2 kg^-1), depending on the absoption efficiency kappa, with intrinsic dispersion ~40% around the mean value. Dust temperatures consistent with 34.6+-3 K (beta/1.5)^-0.71, at z ~ 1.5--3.5, suggest that far-infrared photometric redshifts may be viable, and perhaps accurate to 10% < dz/(1+z), for up to 80% of the SMG population in this range, if the above temperature characterizes the full range of SMGs. However, observed temperature evolution of T_d ~ (1+z) is also plausible and could result from selection effects. From the observed luminosity-temperature (L-T) relation, L ~ T_obs^(2.82+-0.29), we derive scaling relations for dust mass versus dust temperature, and we identify expressions to inter-relate the observed quantities. These suggest that measurements at a single wavelength, in the far-infrared, submillimeter or radio wave bands, might constrain dust temperatures and far-infrared luminosities for most SMGs with redshifts at z ~ 0.5--4.
description: 12 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Fresh extraction of the proton charge radius from electron scattering
Creators: name: Cui, Zhu-Fang
name: Binosi, Daniele
name: Roberts, Craig D.
name: Schmidt, Sebastian M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a novel method for extracting the proton radius from elastic electron-proton ($ep$) scattering data. The approach is based on interpolation via continued fractions augmented by statistical sampling and avoids any assumptions on the form of function used for the representation of data and subsequent extrapolation onto $Q^2\simeq 0$. Applying the method to extant modern $e p$ data sets, we find that all results are mutually consistent and, combining them, arrive at $r_p=0.847(8)\,$fm. This result compares favourably with values obtained from contemporary measurements of the Lamb shift in muonic hydrogen, transitions in electronic hydrogen, and muonic deuterium spectroscopy.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures. Version accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. Lett
Additional file 1 of Performance of radiomics models derived from different CT reconstruction parameters for lung cancer risk prediction
Creators: name: Zhang, Rui
name: Shi, Jie
name: Liu, Siyun
name: Chen, Bojiang
name: Li, Weimin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: Supplementary Material 1
Spectral and Fermi surface properties from Wannier interpolation
Creators: name: Yates, Jonathan R.
name: Wang, Xinjie
name: Vanderbilt, David
name: Souza, Ivo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an efficient first-principles approach for calculating Fermi surface averages and spectral properties of solids, and use it to compute the low-field Hall coefficient of several cubic metals and the magnetic circular dichroism of iron. The first step is to perform a conventional first-principles calculation and store the low-lying Bloch functions evaluated on a uniform grid of k-points in the Brillouin zone. We then map those states onto a set of maximally-localized Wannier functions, and evaluate the matrix elements of the Hamiltonian and the other needed operators between the Wannier orbitals, thus setting up an ``exact tight-binding model.'' In this compact representation the k-space quantities are evaluated inexpensively using a generalized Slater-Koster interpolation. Because of the strong localization of the Wannier orbitals in real space, the smoothness and accuracy of the k-space interpolation increases rapidly with the number of grid points originally used to construct the Wannier functions. This allows k-space integrals to be performed with ab-initio accuracy at low cost. In the Wannier representation, band gradients, effective masses, and other k-derivatives needed for transport and optical coefficients can be evaluated analytically, producing numerically stable results even at band crossings and near weak avoided crossings.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures
Theory of second-harmonic generation in colloidal crystals
Creators: name: Huang, J. P.
name: Jian, Y. C.
name: Fan, C. Z.
name: Yu, K. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: On the basis of the Edward-Kornfeld formulation, we study the effective susceptibility of secondharmonic generation (SHG) in colloidal crystals, which are made of graded metallodielectric nanoparticles with an intrinsic SHG susceptibility suspended in a host liquid. We find a large enhancement and redshift of SHG responses, which arises from the periodic structure, local field effects and gradation in the metallic cores. The optimization of the Ewald-Kornfeld formulation is also investigated.
description: 23 pages, 8 figures
Lattice dynamics of the excitonic insulator Ta$_2$Ni(Se$_{1-x}$S$_x$)$_5$
Creators: name: Ye, Mai
name: Volkov, Pavel A.
name: Lohani, Himanshu
name: Feldman, Irena
name: Kim, Minsung
name: Kanigel, Amit
name: Blumberg, Girsh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, we employed electronic polarization-resolved Raman spectroscopy to reveal the strongly correlated excitonic insulator (EI) nature of Ta2NiSe5, Volkov et al. [arXiv:2007.07344], and also showed that for Ta$_2$Ni(Se$_{1-x}$S$_x$)$_5$ alloys the critical excitonic fluctuations diminish with sulfur concentration x exposing a cooperating lattice instability that takes over for large x, Volkov et al. [arXiv:2104.07032]. Here we focus on the lattice dynamics of this EI family. We identify all Raman-active optical phonons of fully symmetric and ac-quadrupole-like symmetries and study their evolution with temperature and sulfur concentration. We demonstrate the change of selection rules at temperatures below the orthorhombic-to-monoclinic transition at Tc(x) that is related to the EI phase. We find that Tc(x) decrease monotonically from 328 K for Ta2NiSe5 to 120 K for Ta2NiS5 and that the magnitude of lattice distortion also decreases with the sulfur concentration x. For x < 0.7, the two lowest-frequency B2g phonon modes show strongly asymmetric lineshapes at high temperatures due to Fano interference with the broad excitonic continuum present in a semimetallic state. Within the framework of extended Fano model, we develop a quantitative description of the interacting exciton-phonon excitation lineshape, enabling us to derive the intrinsic phonon parameters and determine the exciton-phonon interaction strength, that affects the transition temperature Tc(x). We also observe signatures of the acoustic mode scattered assisted by the structural domain walls formed below Tc. Based on our results, we additionally present a consistent interpretation of the origin of oscillations observed in time-resolved pump-probe experiments.
Superconductivity at 43 K in Samarium-arsenide Oxides $SmFeAsO_{1-x}F_x$
Creators: name: Chen, X. H.
name: Wu, T.
name: Wu, G.
name: Liu, R. H.
name: Chen, H.
name: Fang, D. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Since the discovery of high-transition temperature ($T_c$) superconductivity in layered copper oxides, extensive efforts have been devoted to explore the higher $T_c$ superconductivity. However, the $T_c$ higher than 40 K can be obtained only in the copper oxide superconductors so far. The highest reported value of $T_c$ for non-copper-oxide bulk superconductivity is 39 K in $MgB_2$.\cite{jun} The $T_c$ of about 40 K is close to or above the theoretical value predicted from BCS theory.\cite{mcmillan} Therefore, it is very significant to search for non-copper oxide superconductor with the transition temperature higher than 40 K to understand the mechanism of high-$T_c$ superconductivity. Here we report the discovery of bulk superconductivity in samarium-arsenide oxides $SmFeAsO_{1-x}F_x$ with ZrCuAiAs type structure. Resistivity and magnetization measurements show strong evidences for transition temperature as high as 43 K. $SmFeAsO_{1-x}F_x$ is the first non-copper oxide superconductor with $T_c$ higher than 40 K. The $T_c$ higher than 40 K may be a strong argument to consider $SmFeAsO_{1-x}F_x$ as an unconventional superconductor.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
Dimensionality reduction of many-body problem using coupled-cluster sub-system flow equations: classical and quantum computing perspective
Creators: name: Kowalski, Karol
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss reduced-scaling strategies employing recently introduced sub-system embedding sub-algebras coupled-cluster formalism (SES-CC) to describe many-body systems. These strategies utilize properties of the SES-CC formulations where the equations describing certain classes of sub-systems can be integrated into a computational flows composed coupled eigenvalue problems of reduced dimensionality. Additionally, these flows can be determined at the level of the CC Ansatz by the inclusion of selected classes of cluster amplitudes, which define the wave function "memory" of possible partitionings of the many-body system into constituent sub-systems. One of the possible ways of solving these coupled problems is through implementing procedures, where the information is passed between the sub-systems in a self-consistent manner. As a special case, we consider local flow formulations where the so-called local character of correlation effects can be closely related to properties of sub-system embedding sub-algebras employing localized molecular basis. We also generalize flow equations to the time domain and to downfolding methods utilizing double exponential unitary CC Ansatz (DUCC), where reduced dimensionality of constituent sub-problems offer a possibility of efficient utilization of limited quantum resources in modeling realistic systems.
Perspectives of West German publications on Adenauer’s diplomacy 1949-50
Creators: name: Knuth, Jens
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: In 1949 the newly created Federal Republic of Germany lacked freedom of action. The country was under Western Allied occupation, its new Government under supervision by the Allied High Commission. After coming to office in September 1949, chancellor Konrad Adenauer was determined to achieve West Germany's firm anchoring in the Western community, sovereignty, political, economic, and military security, and Western European integration. However, his later success should not obscure the fact that his policy was risky. In 1949-50 his course was complicated by the Saar issue, sparse Allied granting of sovereign rights, the rearmament question, and the problem of German unity. Meanwhile, the Opposition social Democrats under Kurt Schumacher criticized the concessions to the Allies and, as western integration assumed a quicker pace, stressed the primacy of German unity. Even members of the Bonn Cabinet started to doubt a policy that seemed likely to solidify German division. The West German press mirrored and judged the domestic fight over foreign policy. Four of the five leading publicists examined in this study tended to support economic and political integration in Western Europe, while not prepared to cede to French interests and to renounce German claims on the Saar, they did support the Petersberg Agreement on dismantling, accession to the Council of Europe, and involvement in the Schuman Plan negotiations. The issue of German unity played a limited role in their editorials. Two pundits, Paul Sethe and Hans Baumgarten, never mentioned it, while two others, Richard Tungel and Ernst Friedlaender, believed that western integration offered perspectives to regain East Germany in the future. Moreover, Schumacher's opposition found little positive echo. Only Rudolf Augstein and Sethe at times backed similar policies to that of the SPD. Although the broad tenets of Adenauer's course were accepted, there was consistent criticism of his diplomatic methods, in fact, in the spring of 1950 three commentators called on the Chancellor to surrender diplomatic affairs to someone else. Amongst the editorialists examined, only Augstein advocated a neutralist policy, hoping it would facilitate German unification. However, he did not sufficiently discuss the great risks associated with German neutrality. Augstein was also the only commentator to oppose West German rearmament categorically. Although none of the commentators supported outright rearmament, the pundits backed a para-military federal police against the perceived East German threat. The question of direct remilitarization was ignored or made dependent on Allied concessions.
Phenotypic variation of spike index of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grown under limited soil conditions
Creators: name: Ljubičić, Nataša
name: Ivošević, Bojana
name: Pajić, Miloš
name: Popović, Vera
name: Radojević, Vuk
name: Popović, Dragana
name: Kostić, Marko
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: wheat, spike index, interaction, soil

description: Phenotypic variation of spike index of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grown under limited soil conditions Nataša Ljubičić, Bojana Ivošević, Miloš Pajić, Vera Popović, Vuk Radojević, Dragana Popović, Marko Kostić
 INTRODUCTION: Soil and climatic conditions are one of the most important factors affecting grain yield of wheat. The ability of a wheat cultivar to produce high and stable yield over a wide range of environments plays a major role in food security. However, since different morpho-physiological traits have been proposed as key traits associated with grain yield potential of wheat, its assessment could greatly contribute to improve grain yield. OBJECTIVES: The objective of this research was to estimate the responses of eleven winter wheat genotypes (Mina, Sofija, Tiha, Anastazija, Nevesinjka, Evropa 90, Novosadska rana-5, Dragana, Ljiljana, Simonida, Zugoly) under specific growing conditions of halomorphic soil, solonetz type. During the two vegetation seasons, phenotypic variability and genotype by environment interaction (GEI) for spike index of wheat genotypes was studied. METHOD / DESIGN: The experiment was set up on the solonetz soil and consisted of control (non-ameliorated solonetz soil) and treatments with two levels of soil amelioration using phosphor gypsum, in amounts of 25 and 50 tha−1. The additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) models were used to quantify the genotype by environment interaction (GEI). RESULTS: The combined ANOVA showed that the phenotypic expression of spike index was significantly influenced by environmental variations, because the significant variance explained 48.8 % of the total variation, while genotype contributed with 7.8 % of the total variation of the experiment. Genotype by environment interaction expressed no significant mean square, while
 additional analysis of GEI using the IPCA (Interaction Principal Components) analysis showed a statistical significance of the
 first main component IPCA1. First source of variation IPCA1 explained 55.6 % of the GEI variation for the spike index of wheat. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study showed that wheat genotypes responded differently to different levels of soil amelioration and significant wheat spike index variation was noticed due to different environment conditions. Spike index variation also de-
 pended on tested genotype, as well as vegetation season. Genetics analysis of different wheat genotypes grown in different agroecological conditions contributes to their better utilization, as well as selection for crosses in wheat breeding programs.
description: The International Bioscience Conference and the 8th International PSU – UNS Bioscience Conference - IBSC2021
A test of the standard dark matter density evolution law using galaxy clusters and cosmic chronometers
Creators: name: Bora, Kamal
name: Holanda, R. F. L.
name: Desai, Shantanu
name: Pereira, S. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this letter, we implement a test of the standard law for the dark matter density evolution. For this purpose, only a flat universe and the validity of the FRW metric are assumed. A deformed dark matter density evolution law is considered, given by $ρ_c(z) \propto (1+z)^{3+ε}$, and constraints on $ε$ are obtained by using galaxy cluster gas mass fractions, and cosmic chronometers measurements. We find that $ε=0$ within 2$σ$ c.l., in full agreement with other recent analyses.
description: 7 Pages, 3 figures, and Accepted for publication in EPJC
Nearly Ferromagnetic Superconductors
Creators: name: Li, Qi
name: Belitz, D.
name: Kirkpatrick, T. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The electromagnetic properties of superconductors near a ferromagnetic instability are investigated by means of a generalized Ginzburg-Landau theory. It is found that the magnetic flux expulsion capability of the superconductor gets stronger, in a well-defined sense, as the normal-state magnetic susceptibility increases. The temperature dependencies of the London penetration depth, the critical fields, and the critical current are all strongly affected by ferromagnetic fluctuations. In particular, for the critical current we find a temperature exponent alpha ~ 2 over an appreciable temperature range. The extent to which proximity to magnetic criticality may be a viable explanation for recent observations in MgCNi microfibers, which find alpha ~ 2, is discussed.
description: 11 pp, 3 eps figs
The unique chemical reactivity of a graphene nanoribbon's zigzag edge
Creators: name: Jiang, De-en
name: Sumpter, Bobby G.
name: Dai, Sheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The zigzag edge of a graphene nanoribbon possesses a unique electronic state that is near the Fermi level and localized at the edge carbon atoms. We investigate the chemical reactivity of these zigzag edge sites by examining their reaction energetics with common radicals from first principles. A "partial radical" concept for the edge carbon atoms is introduced to characterize their chemical reactivity, and the validity of this concept is verified by comparing the dissociation energies of edge-radical bonds with similar bonds in molecules. In addition, the uniqueness of the zigzag-edged graphene nanoribbon is further demonstrated by comparing it with other forms of sp2 carbons, including a graphene sheet, nanotubes, and an armchair-edged graphene nanoribbon.
description: 24 pages, 9 figures
Grab the Reins of Crowds: Estimating the Effects of Crowd Movement Guidance Using Causal Inference
Creators: name: Takeuchi, Koh
name: Nishida, Ryo
name: Kashima, Hisashi
name: Onishi, Masaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Crowd movement guidance has been a fascinating problem in various fields, such as easing traffic congestion in unusual events and evacuating people from an emergency-affected area. To grab the reins of crowds, there has been considerable demand for a decision support system that can answer a typical question: ``what will be the outcomes of each of the possible options in the current situation. In this paper, we consider the problem of estimating the effects of crowd movement guidance from past data. To cope with limited amount of available data biased by past decision-makers, we leverage two recent techniques in deep representation learning for spatial data analysis and causal inference. We use a spatial convolutional operator to extract effective spatial features of crowds from a small amount of data and use balanced representation learning based on the integral probability metrics to mitigate the selection bias and missing counterfactual outcomes. To evaluate the performance on estimating the treatment effects of possible guidance, we use a multi-agent simulator to generate realistic data on evacuation scenarios in a crowded theater, since there are no available datasets recording outcomes of all possible crowd movement guidance. The results of three experiments demonstrate that our proposed method reduces the estimation error by at most 56% from state-of-the-art methods.
Διαχείριση ανθρώπινου δυναμικού στη ψηφιακή εποχή
Creators: name: Κουκουβαΐδης, Κωσταντίνος
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Πειραιώς
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Ψηφιοποίηση
subject: Διαχείριση ανθρώπινου δυναμικού
subject: Δεξιότητες
subject: Νέες μορφές απασχόλησης

description: Η ραγδαία αυξανόμενη τεχνολογική ανάπτυξη και ο συνεχώς αυξανόμενος πολλαπλασιασμός της οδηγούν στην ψηφιοποίηση της κοινωνίας. Αυτή η ψηφιακή «επανάσταση» έχει συνέπειες για τους σύγχρονους οργανισμούς σε πολλά επίπεδα. Οι μέχρι σήμερα ερευνητικές προσπάθειες επικεντρώνονται στις συνέπειες της ψηφιοποίησης για τις προτιμήσεις των πελατών, την αγοραστική συμπεριφορά, το μάρκετινγκ και την επιχειρηματική επίδοση. Ωστόσο, ο τρόπος με τον οποίο η ψηφιοποίηση επηρεάζει τους οργανισμούς εσωτερικά έχει γενικά παραμεληθεί από τους ερευνητές, ειδικά όσον αφορά τις συνέπειες που συνεπάγεται για τους μάνατζερ του ανθρώπινου δυναμικού. Κατά συνέπεια, ο στόχος της παρούσας διπλωματικής εργασίας είναι η πληρέστερη κατανόηση του τρόπου με τον οποίο η ψηφιοποίηση επηρεάζει τη διαχείριση των ανθρώπινων πόρων στην ψηφιακή εποχή. Πιο συγκεκριμένα, ο στόχος είναι να κατανοήσουμε βαθύτερα τον τρόπο με τον οποίο η ψηφιοποίηση έχει επιπτώσεις στα στελέχη ανθρώπινου δυναμικού. Μέσω ποιοτικών συνεντεύξεων, η παρούσα διπλωματική παρουσιάζει μια εις βάθος μελέτη που αναλύει πώς οι μάνατζερ ανθρώπινου δυναμικού ενός οργανισμού που αντιμετωπίζουν τον ψηφιακό μετασχηματισμό, αντιλαμβάνονται τις επιπτώσεις της ψηφιοποίησης. Η μελέτη φωτίζει τον τρόπο με τον οποίο η ψηφιοποίηση έχει επιπτώσεις στους μάνατζερ Ανθρώπινου Δυναμικού πέρα από την απλή μείωση και αυτοματοποίηση διοικητικών εργασιών. Η ψηφιοποίηση απαιτείτην εξέλιξη το μάνατζμεντ ανθρώπινου δυναμικού, καθώς απαιτεί νέες ικανότητες διαχείρισης των ανθρώπινων πόρων, νέες μορφές απασχόλησης και ευέλικτες διαδικασίες . Ένα βασικό στοιχείο για τη διαχείριση των επιπτώσεων της ψηφιοποίησης είναι η διαδικασία της κατανόησης τού τι σημαίνει η ψηφιοποίηση για το συγκεκριμένο επιχειρηματικό πλαίσιο. Η συμβολή στον ερευνητικό τομέα είναι ένας εμπλουτισμός της γνώσης σχετικά με τις έμμεσες συνέπειες που συνεπάγεται η ψηφιοποίηση για τους μάνατζερ ανθρώπινου δυναμικού. Επιπλέον, αυτή η μελέτη δείχνει ότι οι επιπτώσεις της ψηφιοποίησης πρέπει να γίνουν κατανοητές με μια ολιστική προσέγγιση του θέματος.
Manganese Abundances in Cluster and Field Stars
Creators: name: Sobeck, J. S.
name: Ivans, I. I.
name: Simmerer, J. A.
name: Sneden, C.
name: Hoeflich, P.
name: Fulbright, J. P.
name: Kraft, R. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have derived Mn abundances for more than 200 stars in 19 globular clusters. In addition, Mn abundance determinations have been made for a comparable number of halo field and disk stars possessing an overlapping range of metallicities and stellar parameters. Our primary data set was comprised of high resolution spectra previously acquired at the McDonald, Lick and Keck Observatories. To enlarge our data pool, we acquired globular and open cluster spectra from several other investigators. Data were analyzed using synthetic spectra of the 6000 ÅMn I triplet. Hyperfine structure parameters were included in the synthetic spectra computations. Our analysis shows that for the metallicity range $-0.7>$[Fe/H]$>$$-$2.7 stars of 19 globular clusters have a a mean relative abundance of $$= $-0.37\pm0.01$ ($σ$ = 0.10), a value in agreement with that of the field stars: $$= $-0.36\pm0.01$ ($σ$ = 0.08). Despite the 2 orders of magnitude span in metallicity, the $$ ratio remains constant in both stellar populations. Our Mn abundance data indicate that there is no appreciable variation in the relative nucleosynthetic contribution from massive stars that undergo core-collapse supernovae and thus, no significant change of the associated initial mass function in the specified metallicity range.
description: 43 Pages, 7 Figures; amended typos
Mixed dark matter: matter power spectrum and halo mass function
Creators: name: Parimbelli, G.
name: Scelfo, G.
name: Giri, S. K.
name: Schneider, A.
name: Archidiacono, M.
name: Camera, S.
name: Viel, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate and quantify the impact of mixed (cold and warm) dark matter models on large-scale structure observables. In this scenario, dark matter comes in two phases, a cold one (CDM) and a warm one (WDM): the presence of the latter causes a suppression in the matter power spectrum which is allowed by current constraints and may be detected in present-day and upcoming surveys. We run a large set of $N$-body simulations in order to build an efficient and accurate emulator to predict the aforementioned suppression with percent precision over a wide range of values for the WDM mass, $M_\mathrm{wdm}$, and its fraction with respect to the totality of dark matter, $f_\mathrm{wdm}$. The suppression in the matter power spectrum is found to be independent of changes in the cosmological parameters at the 2% level for $k\lesssim 10 \ h/$Mpc and $z\leq 3.5$. In the same ranges, by applying a baryonification procedure on both $Λ$CDM and CWDM simulations to account for the effect of feedback, we find a similar level of agreement between the two scenarios. We examine the impact that such suppression has on weak lensing and angular galaxy clustering power spectra. Finally, we discuss the impact of mixed dark matter on the shape of the halo mass function and which analytical prescription yields the best agreement with simulations. We provide the reader with an application to galaxy cluster number counts.
description: 27 pages, 10 figures, minor changes after peer review
Evidence of a Metal Rich Galactic Bar from the Vertex Deviation of the Velocity Ellipsoid
Creators: name: Soto, Mario
name: Rich, R. Michael
name: Kuijken, Konrad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We combine radial velocities, proper motions, and low resolution abundances for a sample of 315 K and M giants in the Baade's Window (l,b)=(0.9,-4) Galactic bulge field. The velocity ellipsoid of stars with [Fe/H]>-0.5 dex shows a vertex deviation in the plot of radial versus transverse velocity, consistent with that expected from a population with orbits supporting a bar. We demonstrate that the significance of this vertex deviation using non-parametric rank correlation statistic is >99%. The velocity ellipsoid for the metal poor ([FeH]
description: 4 pages, ApJ Letters, submitted
Exploring Stress Coping Mechanisms: Insights from Female Professionals in South India
Creators: name: Abdul Kader Vattathur
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: This study explores stress coping mechanisms among female professionals in South India through qualitative analysis of case studies and interviews. Five key themes emerged: work-life balance, stressors in professional life, coping mechanisms, time management, and professional development. Participants emphasized the importance of maintaining a balance between professional responsibilities and personal life, identifying high workload, client expectations, and multiple responsibilities as common stressors. Coping mechanisms included mindfulness practices, physical exercise, social support networks, and time management strategies. Professional development through continuous learning was highlighted as crucial for stress management. The study highlights the need for supportive work environments and individualized coping strategies to promote the wellbeing of female professionals
Χρηματοοικονομική Ανάλυση Εταιρειών Επενδύσεων σε Ακίνητη Περιουσία (ΑΕΕΑΠ)
Creators: name: Μπουντάς, Γεώργιος
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Πειραιώς
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Χρηματοοικονομική ανάλυση

description: Η παρούσα εργασία αποτελεί ανάλυση των οικονομικών καταστάσεων των εταιρειών του κλάδου ανάπτυξης ακίνητης περιουσίας Alpha Αστικά Ακίνητα, Briq Properties, Intercontinental International ΑΕΕΑΠ, LAMDA Development A.E., PASAL DEVELOPMENT S.A., Prodea Investments (πρώην εθνική Πανγαία), R.E.D.S. και TRASTOR ΑΕΕΑΠ την τριετία 2017 έως 2019. Για να επιτευχθεί ο αντικειμενικός σκοπός γίνεται ακριβής αποτύπωση της χρηματοοικονομικής κατάστασης της περιόδου που προαναφέρθηκε, καθώς χρησιμοποιούνται και τα εργαλεία όπως η ανάλυση οικονομίας και η ανάλυση κλάδου για την ανίχνευση του μακροοικονομικού και μικροοικονομικού περιβάλλοντος. Όσον αφορά την ανάλυση της οικονομίας από σχετική έρευνα για την περίοδο 2017 έως 2019, το εννεάμηνο Ιαν-Σεπ του 2017 έχουμε επιτάχυνση της παγκόσμιας ανάπτυξης κατά 3.3% όπου αυτή η ευνοϊκή πορεία θα συνεχιστεί για τα επόμενα δυο χρόνια με την αποκορύφωση της το 2019. Η επόμενη χρονιά μετά το 2019, φαίνεται να είναι η πρώτη μετά από μια δεκαετία, όπου θα μπορεί να είναι στραμμένη στις προκλήσεις του μέλλοντος παρά στα προβλήματα του παρελθόντος. Το ελληνικό Α.Ε.Π., επηρεασμένο σε μεγάλο βαθμό από τις δημοσιονομικές εξελίξεις και το διεθνές οικονομικό περιβάλλον παρουσίασε ανοδική πορεία κατά την διάρκεια της εξεταζόμενης περιόδου. Η εγχωρία ζήτηση ήταν αυτή που πρωταγωνίστησε στον ρυθμό ανάπτυξης της ελληνικής οικονομίας. Ο κλάδος των επενδύσεων σε ακίνητη περιουσία, είναι ένας από τους σημαντικότερους παράγοντες ανάπτυξης της χώρας τα τελευταία τουλάχιστον 20 χρόνια. Η αγορά ακινήτων είναι ευμετάβλητη και παρουσιάζει μεγάλες διακυμάνσεις επηρεασμένη από την νομισματική πολιτική. Οι υπηρεσίες που παρέχονται από τον κλάδο συνεχώς βελτιώνονται με δραματικούς ρυθμούς εξαιτίας της αυξανομένης ζήτησης κυρίως από ξένους επενδυτές της Ανατολικής Ασίας. Για τις εξεταζόμενες εταιρείες θα μπορούσαμε να πούμε ότι παρατηρείται μια αύξηση των κύκλων εργασιών με το 2019 να φτάνουν στο αποκορύφωμα τους οι περισσότερες, καθώς συμπαρασέρνουν μαζί και τις πωλήσεις τους. Ο μακροπρόθεσμος δανεισμός είναι η βασικότερη πηγή χρηματοδότησης για τις περισσότερες εισηγμένες εταιρείες μας, όπως προκύπτει από τον πίνακα κεφαλαίων κίνησης.
Additional file 3 of Steroidal saponin profiles and their key genes for synthesis and regulation in Asparagus officinalis L. by joint analysis of metabolomics and transcriptomics
Creators: name: Cheng, Qin
name: Zeng, Liangqin
name: Wen, Hao
name: Brown, Sylvia E.
name: Wu, He
name: Li, Xingyu
name: Lin, Chun
name: Liu, Zhengjie
name: Mao, Zichao
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 3.