cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Fractal Signatures in Analogs of Interplanetary Dust Particles
Creators: name: Katyal, Nisha
name: Banerjee, Varsha
name: Puri, Sanjay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Interplanetary dust particles (IDPs) are an important constituent of the earth's stratosphere, interstellar and interplanetary medium, cometary comae and tails, etc. Their physical and optical characteristics are significantly influenced by the morphology of silicate aggregates which form the core in IDPs. In this paper we reinterpret scattering data from laboratory analogs of cosmic silicate aggregates created by Volten et al. \cite{volten2007}, to extract their morphological features. By evaluating the structure factor, we find that the aggregates are mass fractals with a mass fractal dimension $d_{m} \simeq 1.75$. The same fractal dimension also characterizes clusters obtained from {\it diffusion limited aggregation} (DLA). This suggests that the analogs are formed by an irreversible aggregation of stochastically-transported silicate particles
description: 11 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in JQSRT. JQSRT, 2014
Extreme gas fractions in clumpy, turbulent disk galaxies at z~0.1
Creators: name: Fisher, David B.
name: Glazebrook, Karl
name: Bolatto, Alberto
name: Obreschkow, Danail
name: Mentuch-Cooper, Erin
name: Wisnioski, Emily
name: BAssett, Robert
name: Abraham, Roberto G.
name: Damjanov, Ivana
name: Green, Andy
name: McGregor, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this letter we report the discovery of CO fluxes, suggesting very high gas fractions in three disk galaxies seen in the nearby Universe (z ~ 0.1). These galaxies were investigated as part of the DYnamics of Newly Assembled Massive Objects (DYNAMO) survey. High-resolution Hubble Space Telescope imaging of these objects reveals the presence of large star forming clumps in the bodies of the galaxies, while spatially resolved spectroscopy of redshifted Halpha reveals the presence of high dispersion rotating disks. The internal dynamical state of these galaxies resembles that of disk systems seen at much higher redshifts (1 < z < 3). Using CO(1-0) observations made with the Plateau de Bure Interferometer, we find gas fractions of 20-30% and depletion times of tdep ~ 0.5 Gyr (assuming a Milky Way-like CO conversion factor). These properties are unlike those expected for low- redshift galaxies of comparable specific star formation rate, but they are normal for their high-z counterparts. DYNAMO galaxies break the degeneracy between gas fraction and redshift, and we show that the depletion time per specific star formation rate for galaxies is closely tied to gas fraction, independent of redshift. We also show that the gas dynamics of two of our local targets corresponds to those expected from unstable disks, again resembling the dynamics of high-z disks. These results provide evidence that DYNAMO galaxies are local analogues to the clumpy, turbulent disks, which are often found at high redshift.
description: Accepted to ApJ Letters
Induced representations and traces for chains of affine and cyclotomic Hecke algebras
Creators: name: Ogievetsky, O. V.
name: d'Andecy, L. Poulain
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Properties of relative traces and symmetrizing forms on chains of cyclotomic and affine Hecke algebras are studied. The study relies on a use of bases of these algebras which generalize a normal form for elements of the complex reflection groups $G(m,1,n)$, $m=1,2,\dots,\infty$, constructed by a recursive use of the Coxeter--Todd algorithm. Formulas for inducing, from representations of an algebra in the chain, representations of the next member of the chain are presented.
Query complexity of unitary operation discrimination
Creators: name: Huang, Xiaowei
name: Li, Lvzhou
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Discrimination of unitary operations is fundamental in quantum computation and information. A lot of quantum algorithms including the well-known Deutsch-Jozsa algorithm, Simon's algorithm, and Grover's algorithm can essentially be regarded as discriminating among individual, or sets of unitary operations (oracle operators). The problem of discriminating between two unitary operations $U$ and $V$ can be described as: Given $X\in\{U, V\}$, determine which one $X$ is. If $X$ is given with multiple copies, then one can design an adaptive procedure that takes multiple queries to $X$ to output the identification result of $X$. In this paper, we consider the problem: How many queries are required for achieving a desired failure probability $ε$ of discrimination between $U$ and $V$. We prove in a uniform framework: (i) if $U$ and $V$ are discriminated with bound error $ε$ , then the number of queries $T$ must satisfy $T\geq \left\lceil\frac{2\sqrt{1-4ε(1-ε)}}{Θ(U^\dagger V)}\right\rceil$, and (ii) if they are discriminated with one-sided error $ε$, then there is $T\geq \left\lceil\frac{2\sqrt{1-ε^2}}{Θ(U^\dagger V)}\right\rceil$, where $\lceil k\rceil$ denotes the minimum integer not less than $k$ and $Θ(W)$ denotes the length of the smallest arc containing all the eigenvalues of $W$ on the unit circle.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1711.03865
Anomaly-free flavor models for Nambu-Goldstone bosons and the 3.5 keV X-ray line signal
Creators: name: Nakayama, Kazunori
name: Takahashi, Fuminobu
name: Yanagida, Tsutomu T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We pursue a possibility that a pseudo-Nambu-Goldstone boson is lurking around or below the intermediate scale. To this end we consider an anomaly-free global flavor symmetry, and construct models where the pseudo-Nambu-Goldstone boson is coupled preferentially to leptons. The experimental and astrophysical bounds derived from couplings to photons and nucleons are significantly relaxed. If sufficiently light, the pseudo-Nambu-Goldstone boson contributes to dark matter, and interestingly, it generally decays into photons through couplings arising from threshold corrections. We show that the recent hint for the X-ray line at about $3.5$ keV can be explained by the decay of such pseudo-Nambu-Goldstone boson of mass about $7$ keV with the decay constant of order $10^{10}$ GeV, if the electron is charged under the flavor symmetry.
description: 15 pages
Enhanced spatio-temporal electric load forecasts using less data with active deep learning
Creators: name: Aryandoust, Arsam
name: Patt, Anthony
name: Pfenninger, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: An effective way to oppose global warming and mitigate climate change is to electrify our energy sectors and supply their electric power from renewable wind and solar. Spatio-temporal predictions of electric load become increasingly important for planning this transition, while deep learning prediction models provide increasingly accurate predictions for it. The data used for training deep learning models, however, is usually collected at random using a passive learning approach. This naturally results in a large demand for data and associated costs for sensors like smart meters, posing a large barrier for electric utilities in decarbonizing their grids. Here, we test active learning where we leverage additional computation for collecting a more informative subset of data. We show how electric utilities can apply active learning to better distribute smart meters and collect their data for more accurate predictions of load with about half the data compared to when applying passive learning.
VLTI/AMBER observations of cold giant stars: atmospheric structures and fundamental parameters
Creators: name: Arroyo-Torres, B.
name: Martí-Vidal, I.
name: Marcaide, J. M.
name: Wittkowski, M.
name: Guirado, J. C.
name: Hauschildt, P. H.
name: Quirrenbach, A.
name: Fabregat, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The main goal of this research is to determine the angular size and the atmospheric structures of cool giant stars and to compare them with hydrostatic stellar model atmospheres, to estimate the fundamental parameters, and to obtain a better understanding of the circumstellar environment. We conducted spectro-interferometric observations of epsilon Oct, beta Peg, NU Pav, and psi Peg in the near-infrared K band (2.13-2.47 microm), and gamma Hya (1.9-2.47 microm) with the VLTI/AMBER instrument at medium spectral resolution. To obtain the fundamental parameters, we compared our data with hydrostatic atmosphere models (PHOENIX). We estimated the Rosseland angular diameters of epsilon Oct, beta Peg, NU Pav, psi Peg, and gamma Hya. Together with distances and bolometric fluxes, we estimated radii, effective temperatures, and luminosities of our targets. In the beta Peg visibility, we observed a molecular layer of CO with a size similar to that modeled with PHOENIX. However, there is an additional slope in absorption starting around 2.3 microm. This slope is possibly due to a shell of water that is not modeled with PHOENIX. The visibility of psi Peg shows a low increase in the CO bands, compatible with the modeling of the PHOENIX model. The visibility data of the other sources show no increase in molecular bands. The spectra and visibilities predicted by the PHOENIX atmospheres agree with the spectra and the visibilities observed in our stars (except for beta Peg). This indicates that the opacity of the molecular bands is adequately included in the model, and the atmospheres of our targets have an extension similar to the modeled atmospheres. The atmosphere of beta Peg is more extended than that predicted by the model. The targets are located close to the red limits of the evolutionary tracks of the STAREVOL model.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A
Scalable Online Conformance Checking Using Incremental Prefix-Alignment Computation
Creators: name: Schuster, Daniel
name: Kolhof, Gero J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Conformance checking techniques aim to collate observed process behavior with normative/modeled process models. The majority of existing approaches focuses on completed process executions, i.e., offline conformance checking. Recently, novel approaches have been designed to monitor ongoing processes, i.e., online conformance checking. Such techniques detect deviations of an ongoing process execution from a normative process model at the moment they occur. Thereby, countermeasures can be taken immediately to prevent a process deviation from causing further, undesired consequences. Most online approaches only allow to detect approximations of deviations. This causes the problem of falsely detected deviations, i.e., detected deviations that are actually no deviations. We have, therefore, recently introduced a novel approach to compute exact conformance checking results in an online environment. In this paper, we focus on the practical application and present a scalable, distributed implementation of the proposed online conformance checking approach. Moreover, we present two extensions to said approach to reduce its computational effort and its practical applicability. We evaluate our implementation using data sets capturing the execution of real processes.
Ruppeiner geometry, P-V criticality and interacting microstructures of black holes in dRGT massive gravity
Creators: name: Safir, T. K.
name: Rizwan, C. L. Ahmed
name: Vaid, Deepak
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We probe the microstructure of the dRGT massive black hole in an anti-de Sitter background. The calculations are performed in an extended phase space with pressure and volume taken as fluctuation variables. We analyze the microstructure by exploiting the Ruppeiner geometry, where the thermodynamic curvature scalar is constructed via the adiabatic compressibility. The nature of the curvature scalar along the coexistence line of small (SBH) and large (LBH) black holes is investigated. In the microscopic interaction, we observe that the SBH phase behaves as an anyonic gas and the LBH phase is analogous to a boson gas. Further, we study the effect of graviton mass on the underlying microstructure of the black hole.
description: 16 pages,12 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2304.02889 by other authors
Modelling Time-Varying Rankings with Autoregressive and Score-Driven Dynamics
Creators: name: Holý, Vladimír
name: Zouhar, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We develop a new statistical model to analyse time-varying ranking data. The model can be used with a large number of ranked items, accommodates exogenous time-varying covariates and partial rankings, and is estimated via the maximum likelihood in a straightforward manner. Rankings are modelled using the Plackett-Luce distribution with time-varying worth parameters that follow a mean-reverting time series process. To capture the dependence of the worth parameters on past rankings, we utilise the conditional score in the fashion of the generalised autoregressive score (GAS) models. Simulation experiments show that the small-sample properties of the maximum-likelihood estimator improve rapidly with the length of the time series and suggest that statistical inference relying on conventional Hessian-based standard errors is usable even for medium-sized samples. In an empirical study, we apply the model to the results of the Ice Hockey World Championships. We also discuss applications to rankings based on underlying indices, repeated surveys, and non-parametric efficiency analysis.
Chiral extrapolation and finite-volume dependence of the hyperon vector couplings
Creators: name: Geng, Li-Sheng
name: Li, Kai-wen
name: Camalich, J. Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The hyperon vector form factors at zero momentum transfer, $f_1(0)$, play an important role in a precise determination of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix element $V_{us}$. Recent studies based on lattice chromodynamics (LQCD) simulations and covariant baryon chiral perturbation theory yield contradicting results. In this work, we study chiral extrapolation of and finite-volume corrections to the latest $n_f=2+1$ LQCD simulations. Our results show that finite-volume corrections are relatively small and can be safely ignored at the present LQCD setup of $m_πL=4.6$ but chiral extrapolation needs to be performed more carefully. Nevertheless, the discrepancy remains and further studies are needed to fully understand it.
description: 21 pages, 4 figures
Coulomb corrections to Fermi beta decay in nuclei
Creators: name: Auerbach, Naftali
name: Bui, Minh-Loc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the influence of the Coulomb force on the Fermi beta-decays in nuclei. This work is composed of two main parts. In the first part, we calculate the Coulomb corrections to super-allowed beta decay. We use the notion of the isovector monopole state and the self-consistent charge-exchange Random Phase Approximation to compute the correction. In the second part of this work, we examine the influence of the anti-analog state on isospin mixing in the isobaric analog state and the correction to the beta-decay Fermi transition.
description: Some numerical mistakes were corrected. The present version matches the online version published in NPA
Relief and Stimulus in A Cross-sector Multi-product Scarce Resource Supply Chain Network
Creators: name: Hu, Xiaowei
name: Li, Peng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Theoretical Economics (econ.TH)
subject: General Economics (econ.GN)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: In the era of a growing population, systemic changes to the world, and the rising risk of crises, humanity has been facing an unprecedented challenge of resource scarcity. Confronting and addressing the issues concerning the scarce resource's conservation, competition, and stimulation by grappling its characteristics and adopting viable policy instruments calls the decision-maker's attention with a paramount priority. In this paper, we develop the first general decentralized cross-sector supply chain network model that captures the unique features of scarce resources under a unifying fiscal policy scheme. We formulate the problem as a network equilibrium model with finite-dimensional variational inequality theories. We then characterize the network equilibrium with a set of classic theoretical properties, as well as with a set of properties that are novel to the network games application literature, namely, the lowest eigenvalue of the game Jacobian. Lastly, we provide a series of illustrative examples, including a medical glove supply network, to showcase how our model can be used to investigate the efficacy of the imposed policies in relieving supply chain distress and stimulating welfare. Our managerial insights inform and expand the political dialogues on fiscal policy design, public resource legislation, social welfare redistribution, and supply chain practice toward sustainability.
Bertram's Pairs Trading Strategy with Bounded Risk
Creators: name: Holý, Vladimír
name: Černý, Michal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Finance (q-fin.MF)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Finding Bertram's optimal trading strategy for a pair of cointegrated assets following the Ornstein--Uhlenbeck price difference process can be formulated as an unconstrained convex optimization problem for maximization of expected profit per unit of time. This model is generalized to the form where the riskiness of profit, measured by its per-time-unit volatility, is controlled (e.g. in case of existence of limits on riskiness of trading strategies imposed by regulatory bodies). The resulting optimization problem need not be convex. In spite of this undesirable fact, it is demonstrated that the problem is still efficiently solvable. In addition, the problem that parameters of the price difference process are never known exactly and are imprecisely estimated from an observed finite sample is investigated (recalling that this problem is critical for practice). It is shown how the imprecision affects the optimal trading strategy by quantification of the loss caused by the imprecise estimate compared to a theoretical trader knowing the parameters exactly. The main results focus on the geometric and optimization-theoretic viewpoint of the risk-bounded trading strategy and the imprecision resulting from the statistical estimates.
The Role of a Nation's Culture in the Country's Governance: Stochastic Frontier Analysis
Creators: name: Holý, Vladimír
name: Evan, Tomáš
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Economics (econ.GN)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: What role does culture play in determining institutions in a country? This paper argues that the establishment of institutions is a process originating predominantly in a nation's culture and tries to discern the role of a cultural background in the governance of countries. We use the six Hofstede's Cultural Dimensions and the six Worldwide Governance Indicators to test the strength of the relationship on 94 countries between 1996 and 2019. We find that the strongest cultural characteristics are Power Distance with negative effect on governance and Long-Term Orientation with positive effect. We also determine how well countries transform their cultural characteristics into institutions using stochastic frontier analysis.
OPERAS-Plus Poster
Creators: name: Schulte, Judith
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Open Science
OPERAS
Communication

description: Poster presenting OPERAS, the infrastructure advocating for open scholarly communication in Europe.
description: The TRIPLE project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 863420 Disclaimer. The content of this publication is the sole responsibility of the author and can in no way be taken to reflect the views of the European Commission. The European Commission is not responsible for any use that may be made of the information it contains.
A Graphical Framework to Study the Correlation between Geometric Design and Simulation
Creators: name: Cabiddu, Daniela
name: Patanè, Giuseppe
name: Spagnuolo, Michela
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computational Geometry (cs.CG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Partial differential equations can be solved on general polygonal and polyhedral meshes, through Polytopal Element Methods (PEMs). Unfortunately, the relation between geometry and analysis is still unknown and subject to ongoing research in order to identify weaker shape-regularity criteria under which PEMs can reliably work. We propose PEMesh, a graphical framework to support the analysis of the relation between the geometric properties of polygonal meshes and the numerical performances of PEM solvers. PEMesh allows the design of polygonal meshes that increasingly stress some geometric properties, by exploiting any external PEM solver, and supports the study of the correlation between the performances of such a solver and geometric properties of the input mesh. Furthermore, it is highly modular, customisable, easy to use, and provides the possibility to export analysis results both as numerical values and graphical plots. PEMesh has a potential practical impact on ongoing and future research activities related to PEM methods, polygonal mesh generation and processing.
Functional norms, condition numbers and numerical algorithms in algebraic geometry
Creators: name: Cucker, Felipe
name: Ergür, Alperen A.
name: Tonelli-Cueto, Josué
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: Computational Geometry (cs.CG)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 14Q20, 65Y20, 68Q25, 68U05

description: In numerical linear algebra, a well-established practice is to choose a norm that exploits the structure of the problem at hand in order to optimize accuracy or computational complexity. In numerical polynomial algebra, a single norm (attributed to Weyl) dominates the literature. This article initiates the use of $L_p$ norms for numerical algebraic geometry, with an emphasis on $L_{\infty}$. This classical idea yields strong improvements in the analysis of the number of steps performed by numerous iterative algorithms. In particular, we exhibit three algorithms where, despite the complexity of computing $L_{\infty}$-norm, the use of $L_p$-norms substantially reduces computational complexity: a subdivision-based algorithm in real algebraic geometry for computing the homology of semialgebraic sets, a well-known meshing algorithm in computational geometry, and the computation of zeros of systems of complex quadratic polynomials (a particular case of Smale's 17th problem).
description: 54 pages
Modeling Price Clustering in High-Frequency Prices
Creators: name: Holý, Vladimír
name: Tomanová, Petra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Finance (q-fin.ST)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: The price clustering phenomenon manifesting itself as an increased occurrence of specific prices is widely observed and well-documented for various financial instruments and markets. In the literature, however, it is rarely incorporated into price models. We consider that there are several types of agents trading only in specific multiples of the tick size resulting in an increased occurrence of these multiples in prices. For example, stocks on the NYSE and NASDAQ exchanges are traded with precision to one cent but multiples of five cents and ten cents occur much more often in prices. To capture this behavior, we propose a discrete price model based on a mixture of double Poisson distributions with dynamic volatility and dynamic proportions of agent types. The model is estimated by the maximum likelihood method. In an empirical study of DJIA stocks, we find that higher instantaneous volatility leads to weaker price clustering at the ultra-high frequency. This is in sharp contrast with results at low frequencies which show that daily realized volatility has a positive impact on price clustering.
Yielding, shear banding and brittle failure of amorphous materials
Creators: name: Pollard, Joseph
name: Fielding, Suzanne M
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Widespread processes in nature and technology are governed by the dynamical transition whereby a material in an initially solid-like state then yields plastically. Major unresolved questions concern whether any material will yield smoothly and gradually (ductile behaviour) or fail abruptly and catastrophically (brittle behaviour); the roles of sample annealing, disorder and shear band formation in the onset of yielding and failure; and, most importantly from a practical viewpoint, whether any impending catastrophic failure can be anticipated before it happens. We address these questions by studying the yielding of slowly sheared athermal amorphous materials, within a minimal mesoscopic lattice elastoplastic model. Our contributions are fourfold. First, we elucidate whether yielding will be ductile or brittle, for any given level of sample annealing. Second, we show that yielding comprises two distinct stages: a pre-failure stage, in which small levels of strain heterogeneity slowly accumulate, followed by a catastrophic brittle failure event, in which a crack quickly propagates across the sample via a cooperating line of plastic events. Third, we provide an expression for the slowly growing level of strain heterogeneity in the pre-failure stage, expressed in terms of the macroscopic stress-strain curve and the sample size, and in excellent agreement with our simulation results. Fourth, we elucidate the basic mechanism via which a crack then nucleates and provide an approximate expression for the probability distribution of shear strains at which failure occurs, as determined by the disorder inherent in the sample, expressed in terms of a single annealing parameter, and the system size.
description: 18 pages, 11 figures
title: Изменение местных климатов новгородской области в период 1960–2020 гг.
Creators: name: Балацкий, Дмитрий
Publisher: name: Новгородский государственный университет имени Ярослава Мудрого (НовГУ)
Year: 2020

description: В статье рассмотрены изменения местных климатов Новгородской области в период с 1960–2020 гг. В данной работе используется метод математической обработки статистических данных. Целью данной статьи является определение климатических трендов местных климатов Новгородской области. После обработки данных за выбранный период на территории области прослеживается повышение среднемесячных температур, возросло среднегодовое количество осадков, сократилась средняя мощность снежного покрова и увеличилось число малоснежных зим.
Informatics as a Science
Creators: name: Reisig, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: Enterprise Modelling and Information Systems Architectures (EMISAJ)
Year: 2020

description: This contribution addresses the quest for a framework for a comprehensive science of informatics as a formal theory of discrete dynamic systems, in analogy to the model of natural sciences. A variety of examples show that this endeavor is promising indeed, and that (detached) parts of it exist already. In the long run, informatics may evolve as a self-contained science, more comprehensive than nowadays Computer Science, by complementing its strong technological aspects with a consistent theoretical, mathematical basis, on an equal footing with natural sciences.
description: Enterprise Modelling and Information Systems Architectures (EMISAJ), Vol. 15 (2020)
Rismethus lotharensis Hayek
Creators: name: Kotru, Akash
name: Chandran, Nithya
name: Dubey, Anil Kumar
name: Prosvirov, Alexander S.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Elateridae
Rismethus
Rismethus lotharensis

description: Rismethus lotharensis (Ōhira and Becker, 1973)
Meristhus lotharensis Ōhira and Becker, 1973: 464.
Rismethus lotharensis (Ōhira and Becker) Hayek: 1979: 245.
Type depository. Holotype (CNC).
Type locality. Nepal (Lothar).
Distribution. India: West Bengal. Elsewhere: Nepal.
Literature. Ōhira and Becker (1973: 464): original description; Hayek (1979: 245): combination; Chakraborty and Chakrabarti (2006: 76): records of the zoological survey of India, occasional paper no. 254.
description: Published as part of Kotru, Akash, Chandran, Nithya, Dubey, Anil Kumar & Prosvirov, Alexander S., 2025, A catalogue of Indian Agrypninae Candèze, 1857 (Coleoptera: Elateridae), pp. 1-66 in Zootaxa 5614 (1) on page 35, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5614.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/15217075
SPICE: Semantic Pseudo-labeling for Image Clustering
Creators: name: Niu, Chuang
name: Shan, Hongming
name: Wang, Ge
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The similarity among samples and the discrepancy between clusters are two crucial aspects of image clustering. However, current deep clustering methods suffer from the inaccurate estimation of either feature similarity or semantic discrepancy. In this paper, we present a Semantic Pseudo-labeling-based Image ClustEring (SPICE) framework, which divides the clustering network into a feature model for measuring the instance-level similarity and a clustering head for identifying the cluster-level discrepancy. We design two semantics-aware pseudo-labeling algorithms, prototype pseudo-labeling, and reliable pseudo-labeling, which enable accurate and reliable self-supervision over clustering. Without using any ground-truth label, we optimize the clustering network in three stages: 1) train the feature model through contrastive learning to measure the instance similarity, 2) train the clustering head with the prototype pseudo-labeling algorithm to identify cluster semantics, and 3) jointly train the feature model and clustering head with the reliable pseudo-labeling algorithm to improve the clustering performance. Extensive experimental results demonstrate that SPICE achieves significant improvements (~10%) over existing methods and establishes the new state-of-the-art clustering results on six image benchmark datasets in terms of three popular metrics. Importantly, SPICE significantly reduces the gap between unsupervised and fully-supervised classification; e.g., there is only a 2% (91.8% vs 93.8%) accuracy difference on CIFAR-10. Our code has been made publically available at https://github.com/niuchuangnn/SPICE.
title: An ideology of erasure
title: Interphobia in right-wing extremism: A call for intersex-affirmative therapy
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Hechler, Andreas
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Diskriminierung
subject: Intersexualität
subject: Therapie
subject: Rechtsextremismus
subject: Beratung
subject: 301 Soziologie, Anthropologie
subject: Interdiskriminierung
subject: Interfeindlichkeit
subject: Inter*
subject: Intergeschlechtlichkeit
subject: Interphobie
subject: divers
subject: Endosexismus
subject: Zweigeschlechtlichkeit
subject: Pathologisierung

description: The discrimination faced by intersex people plays a major role in their life, including therapeutic and psychological settings. Thus, the range and expression of interphobia is crucial for therapists and practitioners to understand as part of an inter-affirmative therapeutic approach. The article examines the writings of key proponents the German-speaking extreme right, with the understanding that many of these interphobic ideas hold true for society at large. By analysing seven interphobic strategies used by the extreme right, we understand how their narratives about intersex people continue to propagate a two-sex hegemony. The seven strategies are: ignore, deny, pathologise, employ paternalism, conjure up the polarity of man and woman, make direct attacks, and functionalise completely different issues to further their political agenda. The article explores the intrinsic entanglement of interphobia with racism, antisemitism, nationalism, social Darwinism, two-sex ideology, heterosexism, cissexism, and sexism and it is also a reconstruction of relevant discourses in sexology, psychology, and gender studies. I advocate for an understanding of human development that is non-hierarchical and therefore does not value any particular expression of human bodies over any other. Pathologisation and ‘fixing’ is contraindicated to healing and resilience, and if therapy is to be inter-affirmative, it needs to accurately reflect the interphobic lived realities of clients’ lives.
Entanglement resource theory of quantum channel
Creators: name: Zhou, Huaqi
name: Gao, Ting
name: Yan, Fengli
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum channels can represent dynamic resources, which are indispensable elements in many physical scenarios. To describe certain facets of nonclassicality of the channels, it is necessary to quantify their properties. In the framework of resource theory of quantum channel, we show two general ways of constructing entanglement measure of channels. We also present several entanglement measures of channels based on the Choi relative entropy of channels, concurrence and $k$-ME concurrence and give some specific examples. These entanglement measures of channels can deepen the cognizing about channel and advance the research on the transformation between coherent resources and entangled resources. In addition, we prove that these measures satisfy the properties including nonnegativity, monotonicity, convexity and so on.
description: 10 pages
Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Visual Detection and Tracking using Deep Neural Networks: A Performance Benchmark
Creators: name: Isaac-Medina, Brian K. S.
name: Poyser, Matt
name: Organisciak, Daniel
name: Willcocks, Chris G.
name: Breckon, Toby P.
name: Shum, Hubert P. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) can pose a major risk for aviation safety, due to both negligent and malicious use. For this reason, the automated detection and tracking of UAV is a fundamental task in aerial security systems. Common technologies for UAV detection include visible-band and thermal infrared imaging, radio frequency and radar. Recent advances in deep neural networks (DNNs) for image-based object detection open the possibility to use visual information for this detection and tracking task. Furthermore, these detection architectures can be implemented as backbones for visual tracking systems, thereby enabling persistent tracking of UAV incursions. To date, no comprehensive performance benchmark exists that applies DNNs to visible-band imagery for UAV detection and tracking. To this end, three datasets with varied environmental conditions for UAV detection and tracking, comprising a total of 241 videos (331,486 images), are assessed using four detection architectures and three tracking frameworks. The best performing detector architecture obtains an mAP of 98.6% and the best performing tracking framework obtains a MOTA of 96.3%. Cross-modality evaluation is carried out between visible and infrared spectrums, achieving a maximal 82.8% mAP on visible images when training in the infrared modality. These results provide the first public multi-approach benchmark for state-of-the-art deep learning-based methods and give insight into which detection and tracking architectures are effective in the UAV domain.
Breathing modes of confined skyrmions in ultrathin magnetic dots
Creators: name: Kim, Joo-Von
name: Garcia-Sanchez, Felipe
name: Sampaio, Joao
name: Moreau-Luchaire, Constance
name: Cros, Vincent
name: Fert, Albert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dynamics of individual magnetic skyrmions confined in ultrathin film dots is studied theoretically. The systems considered are transition metal ferromagnets possessing perpendicular magnetic anisotropy and particular attention is given to the dynamic response of the skyrmions to perpendicular driving fields. By using micromagnetics simulations, it is shown that breathing modes can hybridize with geometrically-quantized spin wave eigenmodes of the circular dots considered, leading to distinct features in the power spectrum that differ to the behavior expected for uniformly magnetized systems. The field dependence of the breathing modes offers a direct means of detecting and characterizing such skyrmion states in experiment.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures
Empirically explaining SGD from a line search perspective
Creators: name: Mutschler, Maximus
name: Zell, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Optimization in Deep Learning is mainly guided by vague intuitions and strong assumptions, with a limited understanding how and why these work in practice. To shed more light on this, our work provides some deeper understandings of how SGD behaves by empirically analyzing the trajectory taken by SGD from a line search perspective. Specifically, a costly quantitative analysis of the full-batch loss along SGD trajectories from common used models trained on a subset of CIFAR-10 is performed. Our core results include that the full-batch loss along lines in update step direction is highly parabolically. Further on, we show that there exists a learning rate with which SGD always performs almost exact line searches on the full-batch loss. Finally, we provide a different perspective why increasing the batch size has almost the same effect as decreasing the learning rate by the same factor.
description: Empirical Analysis , Optimization, Line Search, SGD
Findings in a hypothesis-free screening study of real world data
Creators: name: Pottegård, Anton
name: Rahbek, Martin Torp
name: Hallas, Jesper
name: Lund, Christian
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Epidemiology
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Public Health

description: Our aim was to analyze Danish health registries for unsuspected inverse drug-outcome associations and asses the yield and performance of such epidemiological screening.
Peierls distortion, magnetism, and high hardness of manganese tetraboride
Creators: name: Gou, Huiyang
name: Tsirlin, Alexander A.
name: Bykova, Elena
name: Abakumov, Artem M.
name: Van Tendeloo, Gustaaf
name: Richter, Asta
name: Ovsyannikov, Sergey V.
name: Kurnosov, Alexander V.
name: Trots, Dmytro M.
name: Konôpková, Zuzana
name: Liermann, Hans-Peter
name: Dubrovinsky, Leonid
name: Dubrovinskaia, Natalia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report crystal structure, electronic structure, and magnetism of manganese tetraboride, MnB4, synthesized under high-pressure high-temperature conditions. In contrast to superconducting FeB4 and metallic CrB4, which are both orthorhombic, MnB4 features a monoclinic crystal structure. Its lower symmetry originates from a Peierls distortion of the Mn chains. This distortion nearly opens the gap at the Fermi level, but despite the strong dimerization and the proximity of MnB4 to the insulating state, we find indications for a sizable paramagnetic effective moment of about 1.7 muB/f.u., ferromagnetic spin correlations and, even more surprisingly, a prominent electronic contribution to the specific heat. However, no magnetic order has been observed in standard thermodynamic measurements down to 2 K. Altogether, this renders MnB4 a structurally simple but microscopically enigmatic material; we argue that its properties may be influenced by electronic correlations.
Entanglement entropy scaling in the bilayer Heisenberg spin system
Creators: name: Helmes, Johannes
name: Wessel, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the entanglement properties of the spin-half Heisenberg model on the two-dimensional square-lattice bilayer based on quantum Monte Carlo calculations of the second Rényi entanglement entropy. In particular, we extract the dominant area-law contribution to the bipartite entanglement entropy that shows a non-monotonous behavior upon increasing the inter-layer exchange interaction: a local maximum in the area-law coefficient is located at the quantum critical point separating the antiferromagnetically ordered region from the disordered dimer-singlet regime. Furthermore, we consider subleading logarithmic corrections to the Rényi entanglement entropy scaling. Employing different subregion shapes, we isolate the logarithmic corner term from the logarithmic contribution due to Goldstone modes that is found to be enhanced in the limit of decoupled layers. At the quantum critical point, we estimate a contribution of $0.016(1)$ due to each $90^{\circ}$ corner. This corner term at the SU(2) quantum critical point deviates from the Gaussian theory value, while it compares well with recent numerical linked cluster calculations on the bilayer model.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures
Electronic control of the spin-wave damping in a magnetic insulator
Creators: name: Hamadeh, A.
name: Kelly, O. d Allivy
name: Hahn, C.
name: Meley, H.
name: Bernard, R.
name: Molpeceres, A. H.
name: Naletov, V. V.
name: Viret, M.
name: Anane, A.
name: Cros, V.
name: Demokritov, S. O.
name: Prieto, J. L.
name: Munoz, M.
name: de Loubens, G.
name: Klein, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is demonstrated that the decay time of spin-wave modes existing in a magnetic insulator can be reduced or enhanced by injecting an in-plane dc current, $I_\text{dc}$, in an adjacent normal metal with strong spin-orbit interaction. The demonstration rests upon the measurement of the ferromagnetic resonance linewidth as a function of $I_\text{dc}$ in a 5~$μ$m diameter YIG(20nm){\textbar}Pt(7nm) disk using a magnetic resonance force microscope (MRFM). Complete compensation of the damping of the fundamental mode is obtained for a current density of $\sim 3 \cdot 10^{11}\text{A.m}^{-2}$, in agreement with theoretical predictions. At this critical threshold the MRFM detects a small change of static magnetization, a behavior consistent with the onset of an auto-oscillation regime.
description: 6 pages 4 figures
Control of light scattering by nanoparticles with optically-induced magnetic responses
Creators: name: Liu, Wei
name: Miroshnichenko, Andrey E.
name: Kivshar, Yuri S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Conventional approaches to control and shape the scattering patterns of light generated by different nanostructures are mostly based on engineering of their electric response due to the fact that most metallic nanostructures support electric resonances in the optical frequency range. Recently, fuelled by the fast development in the fields of metamaterials and plasmonics, artificial optically-induced magnetic responses have been demonstrated for various nanostructures. This kind of response can be employed to provide an extra degree of freedom for the efficient control and shaping of the scattering patterns of nanoparticles and nanoantennas. Here we review the recent progress in this research direction of nanoparticle scattering shaping and control through the interference of both electric and optically-induced magnetic responses. We discuss the magnetic resonances supported by various structures in different spectral regimes, and then summarize the original results on the scattering shaping involving both electric and magnetic responses, based on the interference of both spectrally separated (with different resonant wavelengths) and overlapped dipoles (with the same resonant wavelength), and also other higher-order modes. Finally, we discuss the scattering control utilizing Fano resonances associated with the magnetic responses.
description: To appear in Chinese Physics B (January, 2014), as an invited review paper for the topical review column titled "Plasmonics and Metamaterials"
ParKCa: causal inference with partially known causes
Creators: name: Aoki, Raquel
name: Ester, Martin
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2020

description: Methods for causal inference from observational data are an alternative for scenarios where collecting counterfactual data or realizing a randomized experiment is not possible. Adopting a stacking approach, our proposed method ParKCA combines the results of several causal inference methods to learn new causes in applications with some known causes and many potential causes. We validate ParKCA in two Genome-wide association studies, one real-world and one simulated dataset. Our results show that ParKCA can infer more causes than existing methods.
The Generation of Nonthermal Particles in the Relativistic Magnetic Reconnection of Pair Plasmas
Creators: name: Zenitani, S.
name: Hoshino, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Particle acceleration in the magnetic reconnection of electron-positron plasmas is studied by using a particle-in-cell simulation. It is found that a significantly large number of nonthermal particles are generated by the inductive electric fields around an X-type neutral line when the reconnection outflow velocity, which is known to be an Alfvén velocity, is on the order of the speed of light. In such a relativistic reconnection regime, we also find that electrons and positrons form a power-law-like energy distribution through their drift along the reconnection electric field under the relativistic Speiser motion. A brief discussion of the relevance of these results to the current sheet structure, which has an antiparallel magnetic field in astrophysical sources of synchrotron radiation, is presented.
description: published in ApJL in 2001