Cladonia subsquamosa Kremp
Creators: name: Yánez-Ayabaca, A.
name: Ahti, T.
name: Bungartz, F.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Fungi
Ascomycota
Lecanoromycetes
Lecanorales
Cladoniaceae
Cladonia
Cladonia subsquamosa

description: <i>Cladonia subsquamosa</i> Kremp in Warming (1874 [1873]: 336) (Fig. 6f) <i>Primary thallus</i> subpersistent, laciniate squamules, esorediate, epruinose; <i>podetia</i> common, grayish green, sometimes brown with age, 0.8–2.5 (–3) cm tall, always scyphose and shaped like a cone; cups, when well developed, abundantly and repeatedly proliferating (forming 1-2 tiers); <i>surface</i> slightly corticate at the base, otherwise decorticated, basally typically ±finely squamulose, becoming microsquamulose, densely granulose or farinose sorediate; <i>pycnidia</i> with hyaline jelly; <i>apothecia</i> with brown jelly. <i>Spot tests and chemistry</i>: P+ red, K−, C−, KC−, UV−; fumarprotocetraric acid. <i>Distribution and ecology</i>: Currently know from Floreana, Isabela, Pinzón, San Cristóbal, and Santa Cruz Island. The most common of the Galapagos "pixie cup" lichens; most common and often abundant in the humid zone, less common in the transition and rarely in the dry zone; on a wide variety of substrates (rock, soil, among plant debris and bryophytes, as epiphyte on trunks, branches, twigs and even fern fronds). <i>Notes</i>: The cone-shaped cups of <i>C. subsquamosa</i> much resemble <i>C. chlorophaea</i> but unlike this species, cups of <i>C. subsquamosa</i> typically proliferate and the podetia are covered in a variety of propagules (true soredia, granules, microsquamules, even squamules). In <i>C. chlorophaea</i> propagules are all farinose ecorticate soredia of relatively uniform size and the cups do typically not proliferate. <i>Cladonia pyxidata</i> and <i>C. grayi</i> are also similar, but the first species has broader scyphi that do generally not proliferate and coarser, corticate granules, and the latter has a verruculose-granular surface and instead of fumarprotocetraric acid (P+ red, UV−) contains grayanic acid (P−, UV+ bluish white). For a more detailed discussion refer to the notes of <i>C. pyxidata</i>. <i>Selected specimens examined</i>: ECUADOR. GALAPAGOS: <b>Isabela Island, Volcán Alcedo</b>, on the crater rim near the hut, 0°26'33"S, 91°5'31"W, 1100 m, humid zone, on bark, 3 July 2006, <i>Aptroot, A. 65236</i> (CDS 31822), on soil, 7 Mar 2006, <i>Aptroot, A. 65240</i> (CDS 31826) <b>Volcán Darwin</b>, southwestern slope, above Tagus Cove, 0°13'28.19"S, 91°19'17.9"W, 872 m, transition zone, on plant debris, 15 Nov 2007, <i>Bungartz, F. 7760</i> (CDS 38266). <b>Volcán Sierra Negra</b>, mirador El Mango, SE side of island, 0°53'1.39"S, 91°0'48.4"W, 161 m, transition zone, on bryophytes, 15 Aug 2008, <i>Herrera - Campos, M.A. 10582</i> (CDS 40319). <b>Floreana Island</b>, Asilo de la Paz, Cerro Wittmer, trail in between cliffs, 1°18'50"S, 90°27'13.8"W, humid zone, on detritus, 3 Jan 2010, <i>Hillmann, G. GAL-91, 93, 11</i> (CDS 44888, 44860, 44871). <b>Pinzón Island</b>, along the trail going up from Playa Escondida, N- to W-facing cliff above a crater, 0°36'29"S, 90°40'14"W, 318 m, transition zone, dry zone, on rock, 16 Feb 2006, <i>Bungartz, F. 3661</i> (CDS 27479), lava, on rock, 16 Feb 2006, <i>Aptroot, A. 64004</i> (CDS <i>no</i>. 30565). <b>San Cristóbal Island</b>, Wreck Bay, 610 m, humid zone, on soil, 6 July 1905, <i>Stewart 429 (337)</i> (CAS-DS 640539), 1906, <i>Stewart</i> 7340 (FH), NE-slope of Cerro San Joaquín, shortly below the summit, 0°53'50.79"S, 89°30'49.7"W, 693 m, humid zone, on soil, 24 Aug 2008, <i>Bungartz, F. 8582</i> (CDS 41228), Cerro Colorado, enclosure for <i>Calandrinia galapagosa</i> near the viewpoint on the top, 0°54'58"S, 89°26'5"W, 130 m, transition zone, on rock, 29 Apr 2007, <i>Bungartz, F. 6736</i> (CDS 34980), 15 May 2006, <i>Jaramillo, P. 2876 C</i> (CDS 38791). <b>Santa Cruz Island</b>, along trail from Media Luna to El Puntudo, 0°39'37.79"S, 90°20'0.9"W, 682 m, humid zone, on soil, 28 Dec 2005, <i>Bungartz, F. 3271</i> (CDS 26910), near Puntudo, 0°38'41"S, 90°20'13"W, 750 m, humid zone, on wood, 27 May 2005, <i>Aptroot, A. 63164</i> (CDS 29895), between Academy Bay and Bella Vista, 150 m, humid zone, 24 Jan 1964, <i>Weber, W.A. 139</i> (COLO 192784), vicinity of Academy Bay, 120 m, transition zone, on wood, 15 Feb 1964, <i>Itow, S. 29</i> (COLO 192154), between Academy Bay and Bellavista, 150 m, on rock, 24 Jan 1964, <i>Weber, W.A.</i> (FH 197403).
description: Published as part of <i>Yánez-Ayabaca, A., Ahti, T. &amp; Bungartz, F., 2013, The Family Cladoniaceae (Lecanorales) in the Galapagos Islands, pp. 1-33 in Phytotaxa 129 (1)</i> on page 28, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.129.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5085561
description: {"references": ["Warming, J. E. B. (1874) [1873] Symbolae ad Floram Brasiliae centralis cognoscendam, particulae 1 - 10. Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra den Naturhistoriske Forening i KJObenhavn, ser. 3, 5: 356 - 399."]}