cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
No likeness, no pay: the market for portraiture in North Carolina, 1790-1840
Creators: name: Gajewski, Georgina Eleanor
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: In the early years of the Republic, more artistic activity took place in North Carolina than has previously been acknowledged by scholars. Itinerant artists used a variety of techniques to overcome obstacles in the marketplace in early North Carolina. Advertisements reveal their careful strategies to maximize profit and reduce risk. In addition to itinerants, North Carolinians demanded portraiture from some of the best known artists of the day, as well as public art to bolster civic pride.
Lensing of gravitational waves from tidal disruption events
Creators: name: Toscani, Martina
name: Rossi, Elena M.
name: Tamanini, Nicola
name: Cusin, Giulia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we investigate the effect of gravitational lensing on the gravitational wave (GW) signals of a population of tidal disruption events (TDEs). We estimate the number of lensed-magnified signals that we expect to detect with future space-based GW observatories, in particular LISA and DECIGO. We model the lens distribution using an hybrid approach that combines semi-analytic methods with numerical results from ray tracing simulations. We divide the TDE population in two classes, nuclear TDEs (main sequence stars tidally disrupted by massive black holes in the cores of galaxies) and globular TDEs (white dwarfs tidally disrupted by intermediate mass black holes in globular clusters). We find that, even considering the effect of lensing, LISA will not be able to observe any TDEs, while DECIGO could detect $\sim$16 strongly lensed ($μ>2$) globular TDEs and $\sim$135 strongly lensed nuclear TDEs, over an observational period of 10 years. Our results reveal the role that lensing will play in future deci-Hertz GW observatories, indicating exciting multi-messenger opportunities with TDEs but at same time signalling the need to develop adequate data analysis techniques to correctly reconstruct the astrophysical properties of the source.
description: accepted for publication on MNRAS. 11 pages, 8 figures
The Effects of Gestational and Lactational Bisphenol A Exposure on Rat Pup Morphometric Measurements and on Adrenal Gland Glucocorticoid Receptor Gene Expression
Creators: name: Hajjar, Julia
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2017
Subjects: endocrine disrupting chemical
Bisphenol A
estrogen
xenoestrogen
HPA axis
stress
development
rodent
adrenal gland
glucocorticoids
environmental toxicant
glucocorticoid receptor

description: Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals (EDC) are exogenous agents that mimic endogenous hormone activity in the body. EDC exposure during the critical period of neonatal development can potentially cause life-long neurological, behavioural and physiological disease. This thesis focuses on the EDC Bisphenol A (BPA), a synthetic xenoestrogen widely prevalent in everyday materials that has significant environmental relevance given its ubiquitous presence in humans around the world. The central research question of my thesis is: Does perinatal exposure to BPA affect rat pup development? A rodent model was selected to study the effects of BPA on the adrenal component of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA axis) stress pathway, which has not been extensively studied. Rat dams were divided into five groups (vehicle control (VEH), positive control diethylstilbestrol (DES), BPA 5, BPA 50 and BPA 500 μg/kg bw/day) and dosed daily throughout gestation and for four days of lactation. Rat pups were sacrificed at two time-points at the beginning and the end of the stress hyporesponsive period (SHRP), at postnatal day (PND) 5 and PND 15. Changes in three morphometric parameters (bodyweight, crown-rump (CR) length and anogenital distance (AGD) were assessed based on the factors of Treatment and Sex. Adrenal gland glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and 18SrRNA expression was determined by qPCR in male pups at PND 5 and PND 15. At PND 5, compared to the VEH group, the BPA 50 pups were significantly heavier (ANOVA, Dunnett’s post-hoc) and the DES and BPA 50 pups had significantly longer CR lengths (ANOVA, Dunnetts’ post-hoc). At PND 15, xenoestrogen treatment significantly influenced CR length (ANOVA). At both time-points, males had significantly longer AGD than females, as physiologically expected (ANOVA). Adrenal gland GR expression in male pups was not significantly affected by treatment, but there was an effect of treatment in18SrRNA gene expression at PND 5 (Kruskal-Wallis). Using the Ct method to determine GR and 18SrRNA fold changes, we cautiously suggest that our experimental doses resulted in a non-monotonic dose response to BPA in the PND 5 animals and a monotonic dose response to BPA exposure in the PND 15 animals. This study highly values the importance of investigating the effects of environmentally relevant, low dose BPA exposure during the critical window of development, given the little that is known about potentially permanent alterations to the stress pathway due to exposure during this delicate period of development.
Parent and Youth Discrepancy Ratings of Mental Health Symptoms in Adolescents: The Moderating Role of Family Functioning
Creators: name: Fontaine, Sabrina
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2017
Subjects: Mental Health
Discrepancies
Family Functioning
Anxiety
Depression
Adolescence

description: Internalizing disorders are prevalent among youth. However, disagreements exist between parents’ and youth’s reports of mental health symptoms. In particular, youth-onset internalizing disorders such as depression and anxiety have been shown to have the highest reporter discrepancies amongst all disorders. In this study we examined what may contribute to these discrepancies by examining the moderating role of family functioning in a sample of 456 parent-adolescent dyads. Results indicated that although discrepancies did exist between parent and adolescent (M age = 14.97 years; SD = 0.33 years) reports of both anxiety and depression, family functioning did not significantly moderate these discrepancies. The results of this study provide further knowledge on the subject of youth mental health by establishing the presence of parent-adolescent report discrepancies.
Framing a new discourse on the notion of habitat in transforming societies
Creators: name: Sedighi, Mohamad
name: Varma, Rohan
Publisher: name: International Planning History Society Proceedings
Year: 2018

description: This paper reveals how the second Iran International Congers of Architects (IICA), held in Persepolis- Shiraz in 1974, and the first UN Habitat conference, held in Vancouver, Canada in 1976 played an instrumental role in shaping a discourse on the notion of regionalism in the design for human habitats, especially in developing countries. Building upon a brief analysis of the works of Nader Ardalan, Kamran Diba, Charles Correa, Balkrishna Vithaldas Doshi and Raj Rewal, this paper discussed the incorporation of the ideas published in the Habitat Bill of Rights within their private commissions for large scale housing schemes and master plans in their respective countries, Iran and India. More crucially, this paper argues that both events helped bring together these architects who later, in different capacities, played significant roles as members of the Aga Khan Award for Architecture in fostering and promoting an alternative way of adapting modernism to industrializing countries.
description: International Planning History Society Proceedings, Vol. 18 No. 1 (2018): Looking at the World History of Planning
Azimuthal Asymmetries in Unpolarised Semi-Inclusive DIS at COMPASS
Creators: name: Matousek, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering (SIDIS) the non-zero transverse momentum of partons induces azimuthal dependence of the cross-section. For unpolarised nucleon, three azimuthal modulations that can be related to different combinations of twist-two or higher twist transverse momentum dependent PDFs and fragmentation functions arise: the so-called Cahn effect reflected in $\cosϕ_\mathrm{h}$ modulation, the $\cos2ϕ_\mathrm{h}$ term related to the Boer--Mulders PDF and $\sinϕ_\mathrm{h}$ twist-three effect known as beam-spin asymmetry. In 2016 and 2017, the COMPASS experiment at CERN collected a large sample of SIDIS events using a longitudinally polarised 160~GeV/$c$ muon beam scattering on a liquid hydrogen target. Amplitudes of the aforementioned azimuthal modulations have been extracted from part of the data. A new procedure has been developed to subtract a background coming from the decay of diffractively produced vector mesons. The results presented in this talk qualitatively agree with earlier COMPASS results obtained with an isoscalar target.
description: Proceedings of the 24th International Spin Symposium (SPIN 2021), Matsue, Shimane prefecture, Japan in October 18-22, 2021 5 pages, 7 figures
TMDs for spin-1 hadrons
Creators: name: Kumano, S.
name: Song, Qin-Tao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Transverse-momentum-dependent parton distribution functions (TMDs) were investigated at the twists 3 and 4 for spin-1 hadrons in addition to the twist-2 ones. They were found by studying all the possible decomposition of a quark correlation function in a Lorentz-invariant way with the Hermiticity and parity invariance. The time-reversal invariance was not imposed for the TMDs due to an active role of gauge links; however, they were used for collinear parton distribution functions (PDFs) by integrating the TMDs over the transverse momentum. We found that 30 TMDs exist in the tensor-polarized spin-1 hadron at the twists 3 and 4, whereas there are 10 TMDs at the twist 2. We also showed that there are 3 collinear PDFs at the twists 3 and 4. The corresponding TMD fragmentation functions exist sat the twists 2, 3, and 4 simply by changing function names and variables. Since the time-reversal invariance is valid in the collinear PDFs, the integrals of time-reversal-odd TMDs over the transverse momentum should vanish. It leads to the sum rules $ \int d^2 k_T \, h_{1LT} (x, k_T^{\, 2}) = \int d^2 k_T g_{LT} (x, k_T^{\, 2}) = \int d^2 k_T h_{LL} (x, k_T^{\, 2}) = \int d^2 k_T h_{3LL}(x, k_T^{\, 2}) =0$ on the time-reversal odd TMDs at the twists 3 and 4.
description: 5 pages, LaTeX, 24th International Spin Symposium, October 18-22, 2021, (In person/Online) Matsue, Japan
The String+${}^3P_0$ Model of Hadronization
Creators: name: Artru, Xavier
name: Kerbizi, Albi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the main theoretical aspects of the quantum mechanical string+${}^3P_0$ model of polarized quark fragmentation for pseudoscalar and vector meson production. The model is an extension of the Lund string fragmentation model that systematically includes the quark spin degree of freedom assuming the ${}^3P_0$ mechanism of quark pair production at string breaking. The recently achieved introduction of vector mesons accounts for the spin correlations between the latter and the quark of the fragmentation chain. The string+${}^3P_0$ model reproduces transverse spin effects such as the Collins effect and the dihadron asymmetry, and longitudinal spin effects such as the jet handedness.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, Contribution to the 24th International Spin Symposium (SPIN-2021)
Beam Spin Asymmetries of $π^+π^0$ Dihadrons from SIDIS at CLAS12
Creators: name: Dilks, Christopher
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spin asymmetries provide a wide range of insights into nucleon structure and hadronization. Recent measurements of beam spin asymmetries of $π^+π^-$ dihadrons from Semi-Inclusive Deep Inelastic Scattering (SIDIS) at CLAS12 provide the first empirical evidence of a nonzero $G_1^\perp$, the parton helicity-dependent Dihadron Fragmentation Function (DiFF) encoding spin-momentum correlations in hadronization. These measurements have been extended to aid in the characterization of $H_1^\perp$ and $H_1^\sphericalangle$, the DiFFs dependent on parton transverse spin, via a multidimensional partial wave analysis, giving access to the dependence on the interference of dihadrons of particular polarizations. Reconstruction of $π^0$s allows for further extension of these measurements to $π^+π^0$ and $π^-π^0$ dihadrons. The DiFFs describing $π^+π^-$ production differ from those describing $π^+π^0$ and $π^-π^0$ production, which involve different quark flavors along with a strong suppression of the exclusive diffractive contribution. This presentation will focus on beam spin asymmetries for $π^+π^0$ dihadrons, compared to those from $π^+π^-$ dihadrons, which will help shed light on a more comprehensive picture of dihadron fragmentation.
description: Submission to JPS Conference Proceedings
Multi-Modal Technology for User Interface Analysis including Mental State Detection and Eye Tracking Analysis
Creators: name: Husseini Orabi, Ahmed
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2017
Subjects: Computer vision
Convolutional Neural Network
Multimodal Deep learning
Machine learning
HCI
Usability
Affective computing
Mental states
Eye tracking
Software engineering
Psychophysiology
Pipeline
Umple
Component-based Development
Emotion
Facial Action Coding System
Facial Expression

description: We present a set of easy-to-use methods and tools to analyze human attention, behaviour, and physiological responses. A potential application of our work is evaluating user interfaces being used in a natural manner. Our approach is designed to be scalable and to work remotely on regular personal computers using expensive and noninvasive equipment. The data sources our tool processes are nonintrusive, and captured from video; i.e. eye tracking, and facial expressions. For video data retrieval, we use a basic webcam. We investigate combinations of observation modalities to detect and extract affective and mental states. Our tool provides a pipeline-based approach that 1) collects observational, data 2) incorporates and synchronizes the signal modality mentioned above, 3) detects users' affective and mental state, 4) records user interaction with applications and pinpoints the parts of the screen users are looking at, 5) analyzes and visualizes results. We describe the design, implementation, and validation of a novel multimodal signal fusion engine, Deep Temporal Credence Network (DTCN). The engine uses Deep Neural Networks to provide 1) a generative and probabilistic inference model, and 2) to handle multimodal data such that its performance does not degrade due to the absence of some modalities. We report on the recognition accuracy of basic emotions for each modality. Then, we evaluate our engine in terms of effectiveness of recognizing basic six emotions and six mental states, which are agreeing, concentrating, disagreeing, interested, thinking, and unsure. Our principal contributions include the implementation of a 1) multimodal signal fusion engine, 2) real time recognition of affective and primary mental states from nonintrusive and inexpensive modality, 3) novel mental state-based visualization techniques, 3D heatmaps, 3D scanpaths, and widget heatmaps that find parts of the user interface where users are perhaps unsure, annoyed, frustrated, or satisfied.
Simulation of the Polarized Quark Fragmentation with Vector Meson Production
Creators: name: Kerbizi, Albi
name: Artru, Xavier
name: Martin, Anna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recently developed quantum mechanical string+${}^3P_0$ model of polarized quark fragmentation with pseudoscalar and vector meson production has been implemented in a stand alone Monte Carlo program. The simulation enables the detailed study of the quark spin dependent effects in the fragmentation process such as the transverse spin asymmetries. In particular, it allows to investigate the effects of the production and decay of vector mesons on the Collins and dihadron asymmetries of the observed hadrons, and to study the still unknown Collins effect for vector mesons. The main results of the Monte Carlo simulations obtained so far are summarized and the comparison with the existing experimental data on SIDIS and $e^+e^-$ annihilation to hadrons processes are presented.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, Contribution to The 24th International Spin Symposium (SPIN2021)
A Mumford–Shah-type approach to simultaneous reconstruction and segmentation for emission tomography problems with Poisson statistics
Creators: name: Klann, Esther
name: Ramlau, Ronny
name: Sun, Peng
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 510 Mathematik
subject: ill-posed problem
subject: regularization method
subject: Mumford–Shah
subject: segmentation
subject: level-set method
subject: tomography
subject: Poisson statistics

description: We propose a variational model to simultaneous reconstruction and segmentation in emission tomography. As in the original Mumford–Shah model [27] we use the contour length as penalty term to preserve edge information whereas a different data fidelity term is used to measure the information discrimination between the computed tomography data of the reconstructed object and the observed (or simulated) data. As data fidelity term we use the Kullback–Leibler divergence which originates from the Poisson distribution present in emission tomography. In this paper we focus on piecewise constant reconstructions which is a reasonable assumption in medical imaging. The segmenting contour as well as the corresponding reconstructions are found as minimizers of a Mumford–Shah-type functional over the space of piecewise constant functions. The numerical scheme is implemented by evolving the level-set surface according to the shape derivative of the functional. The method is validated for simulated data with different levels of noise.
Longitudinal Spin Transfer to $Λ$ Hyperons in CLAS12
Creators: name: McEneaney, Matthew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the self-analyzing decay of the $Λ$, the longitudinal spin transfer $D_{LL'}$ to the hyperon from a polarized electron beam scattering off an unpolarized proton target can be determined. For $Λ$s produced in the current fragmentation region, this quantity is proportional to the helicity dependent fragmentation function $G_1^Λ$ and can provide insight into the spin structure of the $Λ$. Currently, limited experimental data on $D_{LL'}$ cannot discriminate between different models of $Λ$ spin structure. This contribution reports on the status of the ongoing analysis of the longitudinal spin transfer using data taken by the CLAS12 spectrometer at Jefferson Lab with a 10.6 GeV polarized electron beam. We also report on the novel use of Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) to identify signal events.
Three-dimensional evaluation of mandibular changes associated with Herbst treatment in growing Class II patients: pilot study
Creators: name: Covington, Thomas
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Graduate School
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Dentistry
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Introduction: Herbst appliance treatment of Class II malocclusion is common in orthodontic offices. Recent advances in 3D superimpositions have allowed semi-quantitative assessment of skeletal and dental changes accompanied with Herbst treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate 3D skeletal and dental changes following Herbst removal. Methods: 7 consecutive Herbst patients had CBCTs taken pre-treatment (T1¬), post Herbst removal (T2), and one year following Herbst treatment (T3). 3-D models were generated from CBCTs; anterior cranial base registrations were performed to evaluate morphological changes of the maxillary and mandibular skeleton. Mandibular registrations on the inner cortical symphysis were performed to evaluate mandibular growth and displacement as well as mandibular dental changes. Registered models were analyzed using color maps and vector based anatomical point-to-point measurements. Results: During initial Herbst treatment, patients demonstrated anterior translation of glenoid fossa and condyles and anterior projection of B point, however; variable skeletal changes were observed one-year post Herbst removal. 4-patients demonstrated a posterior displacement and 3-patients had continued anterior displacement of B-point (0.88mm+/-2.54mm). The later three demonstrated inferior displacement of the glenoid fossa/condyle complex leading to a counter clockwise rotation of the mandible one year post Herbst removal. All patients showed posterior displacement of the glenoid fossa and condyles one year post Herbst. While there was a significant maxillary restraining effect during Herbst application, insignificant anterior/posterior changes were seen following Herbst removal. Conclusions: Maxillary skeletal changes during Herbst treatment were maintained; however anterior/posterior changes in mandibular position one year post Herbst removal were variable. Condyle fossa complex moved anterior during Herbst treatment but was displaced posterior one year following treatment. Inferior positioning of the glenoid fossa/condyle complex may have a larger change in the AP position of the mandible.
Useful relations and sum rules for PDFs and multiparton distribution functions of spin-1 hadrons
Creators: name: Kumano, S.
name: Song, Qin-Tao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There are two types of polarizations in spin-1 hadrons, and they are vector and tensor polarizations. The latter is a unique one since it does not exist in the spin-1/2 proton. The vector-polarized PDFs are the same for both the proton and spin-1 hadrons; therefore, we mainly investigate the unique PDFs in tensor-polarized hadrons. By using the operator product expansion, the twist-3 PDF $f_{LT}$ can be expressed by two terms in the same way with $g_T$ of the proton. The first term is determined by the twist-2 PDF $f_{1LL}$ (or $b_1$) which was measured by an experiment, and the second term is expressed by twist-3 quark-gluon distributions. If we neglect the higher-twist effects, $f_{LT}$ is simply given by $f_{1LL}$, and this relation is similar to the Wandzura-Wilczek relation of $g_T$. Furthermore, a new sum rule is also obtained for $f_{2LT}=2/3 f_{LT}- f_{1LL}$, which is analogous to the Burkhardt-Cottingham sum rule, in the tensor-polarized spin-1 hadrons. In future, these interesting relations could be studied at accelerator facilities, such as the Jefferson Laboratory, the Fermilab, the nuclotron-based ion collider facility in Russia, the proposed electron-ion colliders in US and China.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure, Part of Proceedings, 24th International Spin Symposium, October 18-22, 2021, Matsue, Japan
Anisotropic Thermal Conductivity of Exfoliated Black Phosphorus
Creators: name: Jang, Hyejin
name: Wood, Joshua D.
name: Ryder, Christopher R.
name: Hersam, Mark C.
name: Cahill, David G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We ascertain the anisotropic thermal conductivity of alumina passivated black phosphorus (BP), a reactive 2D nanomaterial with strong in-plane anisotropy. We measure the room temperature thermal conductivity by time-domain thermoreflectance for the three crystalline axes of exfoliated BP. The thermal conductivity along the zigzag direction (86 +/- 8 W/(m*K)) is ~2.5 times higher than that of the armchair direction (34 +/- 4 W/(m*K)).
description: 6 figures, extensive supporting information, in Advanced Materials (2015)
muEDM: Towards a search for the muon electric dipole moment at PSI using the frozen-spin technique
Creators: name: Sakurai, Mikio
name: Adelmann, Andreas
name: Backhaus, Malte
name: Berger, Niklaus
name: Daum, Manfred
name: Khaw, Kim Siang
name: Kirch, Klaus
name: Knecht, Andreas
name: Papa, Angela
name: Petitjean, Claude
name: Schmidt-Wellenburg, Philipp
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The search for a permanent electric dipole moment (EDM) of the muon is an excellent probe for physics beyond the Standard Model of particle physics. We propose the first dedicated muon EDM search employing the frozen-spin technique at the Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI), Switzerland, with a sensitivity of $6 \times 10^{-23}~e\!\cdot\!\mathrm{cm}$, improving the current best limit set by the E821 experiment at Brookhaven National Laboratory by more than three orders of magnitude. In preparation for a high precision experiment to measure the muon EDM, several R&D studies have been performed at PSI: the characterisation of a possible beamline to host the experiment for the muon beam injection study and the measurement of the multiple Coulomb scattering of positrons in potential detector materials at low momenta for the positron tracking scheme development. This paper discusses experimental concepts and the current status of the muEDM experiment at PSI.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, prepared for the conference proceedings of the 24th International Spin Symposium (SPIN2021) in Matsue, Japan. Minor modifications to match accepted version
Universal optical polarizability for plasmonic nanostructures
Creators: name: Shahbazyan, Tigran V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop an analytical model for calculation of optical spectra for metal nanostructures of arbitrary shape supporting localized surface plasmons (LSPs). For plasmonic systems with characteristic size below the diffraction limit, we obtain an explicit expression for optical polarizability that describes the lineshape of optical spectra solely in terms of the metal dielectric function and LSP frequency. The amplitude of the LSP spectral band is determined by the effective system volume that, for long-wavelength LSPs, can significantly exceed the physical volume of metal nanostructure. Within the quasistatic approach, we derive the exact LSP Green's function and establish general spectral properties of LSPs, including the distribution and oscillator strength of the LSP states. These results can be used to model or interpret the experimental spectra of plasmonic nanostructures and to tune their optical properties for various applications.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures
Bifurcation and chaotic behaviour in stochastic Rosenzweig-MacArthur prey-predator model with non-Gaussian stable Lévy noise
Creators: name: Yuan, Shenglan
name: Wang, Zibo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We perform dynamical analysis on a stochastic Rosenzweig-MacArthur model driven by α-stable Lévy motion. We analyze the existence of the equilibrium points, and provide a clear illustration of their stability. It is shown that the nonlinear model has at most three equilibrium points. If the coexistence equilibrium exists, it is asymptotically stable attracting all nearby trajectories. The phase portraits are drawn to gain useful insights into the dynamical underpinnings of prey-predator interaction. Specifically, we present a transcritical bifurcation curve at which system bifurcates. The stationary probability density is characterized by the non-local Fokker-Planck equation and confirmed by some numerical simulations. By applying Monte Carlo method and using statistical data, we plot a substantial number of simulated trajectories for stochastic system as parameter varies. For initial conditions that are arbitrarily close to the origin, parameter changes in noise terms can lead to significantly different future paths or trajectories with variations, which reflect chaotic behaviour in mutualistically interacting two-species prey-predator system subject to stochastic influence.
Search for leptonic charge asymmetry in $t\bar{t}W$ production in final states with three leptons at $\sqrt{s} = 13$ TeV
Creators: name: ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A search for the leptonic charge asymmetry ($A_\text{c}^{\ell}$) of top-quark$-$antiquark pair production in association with a $W$ boson ($t\bar{t}W$) is presented. The search is performed using final states with exactly three charged light leptons (electrons or muons) and is based on $\sqrt{s} = 13$ TeV proton$-$proton collision data collected with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider at CERN during the years 2015$-$2018, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 139 fb$^{-1}$. A profile-likelihood fit to the event yields in multiple regions corresponding to positive and negative differences between the pseudorapidities of the charged leptons from top-quark and top-antiquark decays is used to extract the charge asymmetry. At reconstruction level, the asymmetry is found to be $-0.123 \pm 0.136$ (stat.) $\pm \, 0.051$ (syst.). An unfolding procedure is applied to convert the result at reconstruction level into a charge-asymmetry value in a fiducial volume at particle level with the result of $-0.112 \pm 0.170$ (stat.) $\pm \, 0.054$ (syst.). The Standard Model expectations for these two observables are calculated using Monte Carlo simulations with next-to-leading-order plus parton shower precision in quantum chromodynamics and including next-to-leading-order electroweak corrections. They are $-0.084 \, ^{+0.005}_{-0.003}$ (scale) $\pm\, 0.006$ (MC stat.) and $-0.063 \, ^{+0.007}_{-0.004}$ (scale) $\pm\, 0.004$ (MC stat.) respectively, and in agreement with the measurements.
description: 48 pages in total, author list starting page 33, 11 figures, 5 tables, submitted to JHEP. All figures including auxiliary figures are available at: https://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/TOPQ-2020-27/
Critical properties of dissipative quantum spin systems in finite dimensions
Creators: name: Takada, Kabuki
name: Nishimori, Hidetoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the critical properties of finite-dimensional dissipative quantum spin systems with uniform ferromagnetic interactions. Starting from the transverse-field Ising model coupled to a bath of harmonic oscillators with Ohmic spectral density, we generalize its classical representation to classical spin systems with $O(n)$ symmetry and then take the large-$n$ limit to reduce the system to the spherical model. The exact solution to the resulting spherical model with long-range interactions along the imaginary-time axis shows a phase transition with static critical exponents coinciding with those of the conventional short-range spherical model in $d+2$ dimensions, where $d$ is the spatial dimensionality of the original quantum system. This implies the dynamical exponent to be $z=2$. These conclusions are consistent with the results of Monte Carlo simulations and renormalization group calculations for dissipative transverse-field Ising and $O(n)$ models in one and two dimensions. The present approach therefore serves as a useful tool to analytically investigate the properties of quantum phase transitions of the dissipative transverse-field Ising and related models. Our method may also offer a platform to study more complex phase transitions in dissipative finite-dimensional quantum spin systems, which recently receive renewed interest under the context of quantum annealing in a noisy environment.
description: 12 pages, 1 figure. v2: a reference added, minor revision, and change to 1 column layout
The cultural-ecological mechanism of the urban space sustainable development by the view of the spatial perception logic
Creators: name: Ren, Yunying
name: Wu, Xiaochen
name: Chen, Chao
Publisher: name: International Planning History Society Proceedings
Year: 2018

description: With the development of globalization the conflict between with the ecological carrying capacity and growth limits, the development of urban space is in the passive circulation with the Ecological capacity -Development limit and Social technology-Decision making at present. Undoubtedly, it is the essence of the sustainable development of human settlements either to passively deal with the development or the shrewd decision of cultural self-discipline beyond reality. On the one hand, with the improvement of technology and the strengthening of control ability, human consume natural resources, break through ecological capacity or resource limit and move towards alienation, namely, the constraint mode controlled by Ecological capacity-Development limit. On the other hand, urban space adapted to different periods of cultural, institutional, spiritual and material functional needs, but also restricted by the corresponding values and cultural concepts in the process of development and Self-renewal, it shows the self-discipline mode of seeking the harmony and balance between the ecology, society and economy. Correspondingly, urban space development is under the interaction of culture and ecology, society, economy and politics, thus forming the corresponding cultural ecological system, that is, the essence of sustainable development of urban space under the culture-ecology mechanism. The investigation introduces the concept of cultural ecology based on the interdisciplinary methods of cultural ecology, system dynamics and urban-rural planning, focuses on the integration of urban space cultural elements, constructs the cultural-ecosystem of urban space, and probes into the rational decision-making mechanism under the corresponding self-discipline mode under the view of Culture-Ecosystem, which included the basic attributes of urban space, urban space value attribute, as well as the urban spatial quality attributes, according to the spatial perception logic with the spatial perceptual attribute layer based on requirement hierarchy. And then based on the characteristics of cultural-ecosystem to explore the essence of sustainable development of urban space, which is a sort of adaptive development mechanism that can be discussed with the boundary conditions, the derivative mechanism and the space-time coupling. Which can be formed the cultural-eco self-discipline system to face with the challenge of the globalization.
description: International Planning History Society Proceedings, Vol. 18 No. 1 (2018): Looking at the World History of Planning
Hodge-de Rham numbers of almost complex 4-manifolds
Creators: name: Cirici, Joana
name: Wilson, Scott O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We introduce and study Hodge-de Rham numbers for compact almost complex 4-manifolds, generalizing the Hodge numbers of a complex surface. The main properties of these numbers in the case of complex surfaces are extended to this more general setting, and it is shown that all Hodge-de Rham numbers for compact almost complex 4-manifolds are determined by the cohomology, except for one (the irregularity). Finally, these numbers are shown to prohibit the existence of complex structures on certain manifolds, without reference to the classification of surfaces.
A Musician’s Life: New Models for Success in the Music Industry in the 21st Century
Creators: name: Krishnan, Sumi
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Year: 2010

description: This thesis explores how technology advancements have driven a power shift in the music industry, birthing new business models that musicians as well as the music industry at-large can adopt. It also provides a real-life story of one band's struggles in the industry today. This thesis project consists of three articles. The first article, So, You Want to Be a Rock Star? outlines new models for both musicians and businesses to adopt in order to succeed. The second article, The Prize at the End: One Band's Struggle for Fame, tells the story of a local band, SWASO, struggling to succeed and trying to learn from past mistakes. The final article, Three Cities to a New Day: Chronicling a Social Media Experiment picks up with SWASO a few months later and follows the band on a three-city tour as they implement new and innovative social media strategies.
Running vacuum in QFT in FLRW spacetime: The dynamics of $ρ_{\rm vac}(H)$ from the quantized matter fields
Creators: name: Moreno-Pulido, Cristian
name: Peracaula, Joan Sola
name: Cheraghchi, Samira
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Phenomenological work in the last few years has provided significant support to the idea that the vacuum energy density (VED) is a running quantity with the cosmological evolution and that this running helps to alleviate the cosmological tensions afflicting the $Λ$CDM. On the theoretical side, recent devoted studies have shown that the properly renormalized $ρ_{\rm vac}$ in QFT in FLRW spacetime adopts the "running vacuum model" (RVM) form. While in three previous studies by two of us (CMP and JSP) such computations focused solely on scalar fields non-minimally coupled to gravity, in the present work we compute the spin-$1/2$ fermionic contributions and combine them both. The calculation is performed using a new version of the adiabatic renormalization procedure based on subtracting the UV divergences at an off-shell renormalization point $M$. The quantum scaling of $ρ_{\rm vac}$ with $M$ turns into cosmic evolution with the Hubble rate, $H$. As a result the "cosmological constant" $Λ$ appears in our framework as the nearly sustained value of $8πG(H)ρ_{\rm vac}(H)$ around (any) given epoch $H$, where $G(H)$ is the gravitational coupling, which is also running, although very mildly (logarithmically). We find that the VED evolution at present reads $δρ_{\rm vac}(H)\sim ν_{\rm eff}\, m_{\rm Pl}^2 \left(H^2-H_0^2 \right)\ (|ν_{\rm eff}|\ll 1)$. The coefficient $ν_{\rm eff}$ receives contributions from all the quantized fields, bosons and fermions. Remarkably, there also exist higher powers ${\cal O}(H^{6})$ which can trigger inflation in the early universe. Finally, the equation of state (EoS) of the vacuum receives also quantum corrections from bosons and fermion fields, shifting its value from -1. The striking consequence is that the EoS of the quantum vacuum may nowadays effectively appears as quintessence.
description: Matching the published version in EPJC. Work dedicated to Harald Fritzsch
High speed, high power 2D beam steering for mitigation of optomechanical parametric instability in gravitational wave detectors
Creators: name: Harder, Thomas
name: Turconi, Margherita
name: Soulard, Rémi
name: Chaibi, Walid
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we propose a novel strategy to control optomechanical parametric instability (PI) in gravitational wave (GW) detectors, based on radiation pressure. The fast deflection of a high power beam is the key element of our approach. We built a 2D deflection system based on a pair of acousto-optic modulators (AOMs) that combines high rapidity and large scan range. As fast frequency switching configurable AOM driver we used an Universal Software Radio Peripheral (USRP) combined with a high performance personal computer (PC). In this way we demonstrate a 2D beam steering system with flat efficiency over the whole scan range and with a transition time of 50 ns between two arbitrary consecutive deflection positions for a beam power of 3.6 W.
description: 18 pages including supplementary material, last version to be published in Optics Express
Historical mapping of the urban form and the spatial power distribution in capital Jiankang in East Jin dynasty
Creators: name: Chenwei, Zheng
Publisher: name: International Planning History Society Proceedings
Year: 2018

description: The Aristocratic Families, which had both political and economic privileges in early Imperial Ages of China with multiple generations working as government officials, had collectively become a core group of East Jin regime. As an important part of the etiquette system under central governance, the capital Jiankang served to display the legitimacy of the regime and to maintain the operational functions of both the nation’s apparatus and the city itself. By using Urban Historical Mapping and Geographic Information System as the methods of the spatial power distribution analysis, this paper focus on the distribution of core capital facilities including worship, administration, military and residence, and also the social status of their users. To conclude, the usage of capital space is a representation of the complex relationship and co-dependence among royalty, aristocratic and plebeians. The area inside the capital city wall is an outstanding space for the privileged class as well as the important representation that the aristocratic class joins the core of national powers. And the aristocrats were spatially distributed spread surrounding outside the capital city rather than congregated in one particular area, which made it easier to form their own power centers, leading to threats to the authority centralization.
description: International Planning History Society Proceedings, Vol. 18 No. 1 (2018): Looking at the World History of Planning
Nuclear Matrix Elements for Double-Beta Decay
Creators: name: Engel, Jonathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent progress in nuclear-structure theory has been dramatic. I describe recent and future applications of ab initio calculations and the generator coordinate method to double-beta decay. I also briefly discuss the old and vexing problem of the renormalization of the weak nuclear axial-vector coupling constant "in medium" and plans to resolve it.
description: Talk presented CIPANP2015. 8 pages, 4 figures
Transverse Spin Transfer of $Λ$ and $\overlineΛ$ Hyperons in Polarized $p$+$p$ Collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 200$ GeV at RHIC-STAR
Creators: name: Xu, Yike
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The transverse spin transfer, $D_{TT}$, of $Λ$ and $\overlineΛ$ hyperons in $p$+$p$ collisions is expected to be sensitive to the $s$ and $\bar{s}$ quark transversity distributions in the proton and to the transversely polarized fragmentation functions. The STAR experiment has published the first measurement of the transverse spin transfer of $Λ$ and $\overlineΛ$ hyperons in transversely polarized $p$+$p$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 200 GeV within pseudo-rapidity $|η| < 1.2$ and for the transverse momenta up to 8 GeV/$c$ based on the data taken in 2012. In 2015, a data sample of $p$+$p$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 200 GeV, about two times larger than the 2012 data, was collected. This contribution presents the preliminary results of the transverse spin transfer, $D_{TT}$, of $Λ$ and $\overlineΛ$ hyperon versus transverse momentum and fractional momentum of the hyperon within a jet, based on 2015 data.
Polarization patterning in ferroelectric nematic liquids
Creators: name: Sebastián, Nerea
name: Lovšin, Matija
name: Berteloot, Brecth
name: Osterman, Natan
name: Petelin, Andrej
name: Mandle, Richard J.
name: Aya, Satoshi
name: Huang, Mingjun
name: Drevenšek-Olenik, Irena
name: Neyts, Kristiaan
name: Mertelj, Alenka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recently discovered ferroelectric nematic liquids incorporate to the functional combination of fluidity, processability and anisotropic optical properties of nematic liquids, an astonishing range of physical properties derived from the phase polarity. Among them, the remarkably large values of second order optical susceptibility encourage to exploit these new materials for non-linear photonic applications. Here we show that photopatterning of the alignment layer can be used to structure polarization patterns. To do so, we take advantage of the flexoelectric effect and design splay structures that geometrically define the polarization direction. We demonstrate the creation of periodic polarization structures and the possibility of guiding polarization by embedding splay structures in uniform backgrounds. The demonstrated capabilities of polarization patterning, open a promising new route for the design of ferroelectric nematic based photonic structures and their exploitation.
description: 10 pages manuscript, 7 Figures, 36 pages Supplementary Information, 25 Figures
Joint Filter and Waveform Design for Radar STAP in Signal Dependent Interference
Creators: name: Setlur, Pawan
name: Rangaswamy, Muralidhar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Waveform design is a pivotal component of the fully adaptive radar construct. In this paper we consider waveform design for radar space time adaptive processing (STAP), accounting for the waveform dependence of the clutter correlation matrix. Due to this dependence, in general, the joint problem of receiver filter optimization and radar waveform design becomes an intractable, non-convex optimization problem, Nevertheless, it is however shown to be individually convex either in the filter or in the waveform variables. We derive constrained versions of: a) the alternating minimization algorithm, b) proximal alternating minimization, and c) the constant modulus alternating minimization, which, at each step, iteratively optimizes either the STAP filter or the waveform independently. A fast and slow time model permits waveform design in radar STAP but the primary bottleneck is the computational complexity of the algorithms.
description: AFRL tech. treport, 2014. DTIC (www.dtic.mil) number unassigned