cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: A Meroitic double statue of the pair of gods Amun and Mut – Restoration in 3D with a computer and on the object
Creators: name: Gatzsche, Alexander
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2016

description: Im Jahr 2012 wurde durch Archäologen des Tschechischen Nationalmuseums am Fundplatz Wad Ben Naga (SUD) im sogenannten Typhonium, einem der ägyptischen Göttin Mut geweihten Tempel der in das 1. Jahrhundert n. Chr.
datiert wird, eine besondere Entdeckung gemacht: eine Doppelstatue des Götterpaares Amun und Mut deren zahlreiche Fragmente im Portikus vor dem Hauptheiligtum verschüttet worden waren. Nach der Bergung und Konservierung
der Fragmente wurde klar, dass weitere Maßnahmen zur Restaurierung der Statue nicht vor Ort unternommen werden konnten. Die Fragmente wurden nach Prag überführt und dort unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Reversibilität und mit der Anwendung von 3DScan- und Drucktechnologie restauriert. Dabei offenbarte
die Restaurierung neue Aspekte über die hochentwickelte handwerkliche Tradition der meroitischen Kultur, aber auch über ihre unruhigen Zeiten.
description: In 2012, the Czech National Mus eum’s Archaeological Expedition to Wad Ben Naga (SUD) made a unique discovery in the ruins of the so-called Typhonium, a temple dedicated to the Egyptian goddess Mut, which dated to 1st century BC: numerous fragments of a sandstone double statue of seated Amun and Mut were discovered in front of the entrance to the main sanctuary. Shortly after the recovery and conservation of the individual fragments it became clear that further restoration measures could not be carried out on-site. The conservation of the statue in the Czech National Museum (Prague) enabled employment of modern approaches in restoration, standards of reversibility and the use of 3D scanning and printing technologies. The restoration revealed new aspects of the Meroitic traditions of sophisticated craftsmanship, as well as those of a turbulent epoch.
Physical trauma experience among school children in periurban Blantyre, Malawi
Creators: name: Misiri, Humphreys E
name: Muula, Adamson S
Publisher: name: BioMed Central Ltd
Year: 2009

description: Abstract Background Physical trauma is an important cause of childhood morbidity and mortality in Africa. There are however, few community-based reports on the subject on the continent. The present study was conducted to explore school children's experience of physical trauma in a disadvantaged periurban area of Blantyre, in Malawi. Methods A cross sectional questionnaire study was carried out among school children in Ndirande-Blantyre, Malawi in 2004. Data were obtained to describe the following aspects of trauma experience: being a victim or observer of motor vehicular accidents involving pedestrians; history of falls from heights; and knowledge about road safety. Sex differences were determined for some of the variables in order to gain insights as to whether there is a difference in trauma experience between boys and girls. Results A total of 217 school children, 99 (45.6%) boys and 118 (54.4%) girls participated in the study. Eight of them reported to have ever been hit by a motor vehicle, 87 (40.1%) had witnessed a road accident where a pedestrian had been hit and 83 (38.2%) had witnessed a pedestrian they knew having been hit by a motor vehicle. Of those that reported to have ever been hit by motor vehicle, 2 (25%) reported that they had been hospitalized as a result of injury. With regard to falling from heights, 86 reported to have ever fallen from tree, 44 of these (51.2%) were injured from the fall and 14 (16.3%) were hospitalized as a result of injury sustained from the fall. Girls were more likely to fall from trees and getting injured as compared to males (p = 0.04 for both situations). Just under half (41.9%) of the study participants were able to report the correct procedure of crossing the road despite the fact that the majority (80%) reported having been taught road safety at home or school. Conclusion Many school children in Blantyre, Malawi have been exposed to trauma either involving themselves or someone they observed. Prevention, including education, supervision and management of trauma must receive the necessary attention they deserve in terms of resources, surveillance and impact mitigation.
Comprehensive genomic characterization of squamous cell lung cancers
Creators: name: Perou, Charles
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Lung squamous cell carcinoma is a common type of lung cancer, causing approximately 400,000 deaths per year worldwide. Genomic alterations in squamous cell lung cancers have not been comprehensively characterized, and no molecularly targeted agents have been specifically developed for its treatment. As part of The Cancer Genome Atlas, here we profile 178 lung squamous cell carcinomas to provide a comprehensive landscape of genomic and epigenomic alterations. We show that the tumour type is characterized by complex genomic alterations, with a mean of 360 exonic mutations, 165 genomic rearrangements, and 323 segments of copy number alteration per tumour. We find statistically recurrent mutations in 11 genes, including mutation of TP53 in nearly all specimens. Previously unreported loss-of-function mutations are seen in the HLA-A class I major histocompatibility gene. Significantly altered pathways included NFE2L2 and KEAP1 in 34%, squamous differentiation genes in 44%, phosphatidylinositol-3-OH kinase pathway genes in 47%, and CDKN2Aand RB1 in 72% of tumours. We identified a potential therapeutic target in most tumours, offering new avenues of investigation for the treatment of squamous cell lung cancers.
Kalman filtering techniques for focal plane electric field estimation
Creators: name: Groff, Tyler D.
name: Kasdin, N. Jeremy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For a coronagraph to detect faint exoplanets, it will require focal plane wavefront control techniques to continue reaching smaller angular separations and higher contrast levels. These correction algorithms are iterative and the control methods need an estimate of the electric field at the science camera, which requires nearly all of the images taken for the correction. The best way to make such algorithms the least disruptive to science exposures is to reduce the number required to estimate the field. We demonstrate a Kalman filter estimator that uses prior knowledge to create the estimate of the electric field, dramatically reducing the number of exposures required to estimate the image plane electric field while stabilizing the suppression against poor signal-to-noise (SNR). In addition to a significant reduction in exposures, we discuss the relative merit of this algorithm to estimation schemes that do not incorporate prior state estimate history, particularly in regard to estimate error and covariance. Ultimately the filter will lead to an adaptive algorithm which can estimate physical parameters in the laboratory for robustness to variance in the optical train.
description: full version of conference proceedings arXiv:1208.3462
Constructing and applying explanatory models in clinical psychology
Creators: name: Pfeiff, Julia Salome
Publisher: name: Hannover : Institutionelles Repositorium der Leibniz Universität Hannover
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: dysfunctionality
subject: explanatory models
subject: Philosophie der Psychologie
subject: Modelle psychischer Störungen
subject: Dysfunktionalität
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::100 | Philosophie

description: This thesis deals with the following question: How are clinical psychology's explanatory models of mental disorders constructed and how are they utilized in psychotherapy? Clinical psychology is understood as an applied scientific discipline that is directed at developing treatments (e.g., psychotherapy) for mental disorders and at understanding them. Explanatory models are important objects of research that are also used in therapeutic practice. I investigate two exemplary models, one model of Major Depressive Disorder, and one model of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder. These models, as I argue in chapter 1, are intended to account for the disorder's etiology and maintenance, utilizing a mixture of functional, causal and folk-psychological vocabulary. In chapter 2, a comparative analysis of earlier and later versions of these two models shows that (1) clinical observations play a major role in how these models are formulated and (2) considerations of applicability in psychotherapy constitute an important influence in how they changed over time. In chapter 3, I argue that explanatory practices in psychotherapy are intended to make the patient not feel at fault for developing their disorder but nonetheless take over responsibility for their symptoms in the future. This overarching goal is connected to three sub-goals, namely, (1) attributing limited responsibility for falling ill to the patient, (2) attributing agency to her, and (3) presenting possibilities for intervention. In chapter 4, I argue that achieving these aims is connected to using two different notions of rationality, namely, (1) theoretical rationality and (2) pragmatic rationality. While, according to (1), someone is rational just in case she adopts beliefs that cohere with her relevant background knowledge, according to (2), she is rational just in case she adopts beliefs that square well with her considered goals. These notions allow for an enlightening reconstruction of disputation techniques found in therapeutic practice. In chapter 5, I engineer a notion of dysfunctionality that is compatible with an understanding of a patient being rational in holding a particular dysfunctional belief. According to this notion, something is dysfunctional for an agent just in case it causally counteracts her needs and produces significant harm as a result. In chapter 6, I draw out the most important results of my work.
Mathisson-Papapetrou Equations as Conditions for Compatibility of General Relativity and Continuum Physics
Creators: name: Muschik, Wolfgang
name: Borzeszkowski, Horst-Heino v.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In continuum physics is presupposed that general-relativistic balance equations are valid which are created from the Lorentz-covariant ones by application of the equivalence principle. Consequently, the question arises, how to make these general-covariant balances compatible with Einstein's field equations. The compatibility conditions are derived by performing a modified Belinfante-Rosenfeld symmetrization for the non-symmetric and not divergence-free general-relativistic energy-momentum tensor. The procedure results in the Mathisson-Papapetrou equations.
Serial pathways from primate prefrontal cortex to autonomic areas may influence emotional expression
Creators: name: Saha, Subhash
name: Rempel-Clower, Nancy
name: Ghashghaei, Troy
name: Barbas, Helen
Publisher: name: BioMed Central Ltd
Year: 2003

description: Abstract Background Experiencing emotions engages high-order orbitofrontal and medial prefrontal areas, and expressing emotions involves low-level autonomic structures and peripheral organs. How is information from the cortex transmitted to the periphery? We used two parallel approaches to map simultaneously multiple pathways to determine if hypothalamic autonomic centres are a key link for orbitofrontal areas and medial prefrontal areas, which have been associated with emotional processes, as well as low-level spinal and brainstem autonomic structures. The latter innervate peripheral autonomic organs, whose activity is markedly increased during emotional arousal. Results We first determined if pathways linking the orbitofrontal cortex with the hypothalamus overlapped with projection neurons directed to the intermediolateral column of the spinal cord, with the aid of neural tracers injected in these disparate structures. We found that axons from orbitofrontal and medial prefrontal cortices converged in the hypothalamus with neurons projecting to brainstem and spinal autonomic centers, linking the highest with the lowest levels of the neuraxis. Using a parallel approach, we injected bidirectional tracers in the lateral hypothalamic area, an autonomic center, to label simultaneously cortical pathways leading to the hypothalamus, as well as hypothalamic axons projecting to low-level brainstem and spinal autonomic centers. We found densely distributed projection neurons in medial prefrontal and orbitofrontal cortices leading to the hypothalamus, as well as hypothalamic axonal terminations in several brainstem structures and the intermediolateral column of the spinal cord, which innervate peripheral autonomic organs. We then provided direct evidence that axons from medial prefrontal cortex synapse with hypothalamic neurons, terminating as large boutons, comparable in size to the highly efficient thalamocortical system. The interlinked orbitofrontal, medial prefrontal areas and hypothalamic autonomic centers were also connected with the amygdala. Conclusions Descending pathways from orbitofrontal and medial prefrontal cortices, which are also linked with the amygdala, provide the means for speedy influence of the prefrontal cortex on the autonomic system, in processes underlying appreciation and expression of emotions.
Sorbus aucuparia X Mougeotii
Creators: name: Becherer
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1956
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: S. aucuparia X Mougeotii - l: St-Maurice (Thomas 1832 in herb. Lausanne); Les Marecottes (Coquoz); Trient (idem). - 2: Randonne ob Fully-Saillon (Garns). - 4: Ob Ernen (nach Wilczek).
description: Published as part of Becherer, 1956, Florae Vallesiacae Supplementum, pp. 1-556 in Denkschriften der Schweizerischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft 71 on pages 1-556
Implications of light charginos for Higgs observables, LHC searches and dark matter
Creators: name: Casas, J. Alberto
name: Moreno, Jesus M.
name: Rolbiecki, Krzysztof
name: Zaldivar, Bryan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A rather high Higgs mass, m_h = 126 GeV, suggests that at least a part of the supersymmetric spectrum of the MSSM may live beyond O(1TeV) and hence inaccessible to the LHC. However, there are theoretical and phenomenological reasons supporting a possibility that charginos and neutralinos remain much closer to the electroweak scale. In this paper, we explore such a scenario in the light of recent Higgs measurements, mainly its di-photon decay rate, where the data might indicate a slight excess over the SM prediction. That excess could be fitted by the contribution of light charginos provided tan(beta) is low to moderate, a possibility that is receiving much attention for other theoretical reasons. We investigate the implications of this scenario for other observables, such as dark matter constraints, electroweak observables and experimental signals at the LHC, like di-lepton, tri-lepton and same-sign dilepton. An important part of the models survive all the constraints and are able to give positive signals at LHC-14TeV and/or XENON1T.
description: 21 pages, 10 figures
Phononenspektroskopie im Quanten-Hall-Effekt-Regime
Creators: name: Schulze Wischeler, Fritz
Publisher: name: Hannover : Universität
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Hall effect
subject: phonons
subject: composite fermion
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: [no abstract]
Women USA message and speeches referring to President Carter
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Women--Government policy
Political campaigns
Primaries
Presidents
Politics, Practical
Helplines

description: Bella notes that she will vote for Kennedy and speeches are for Kennedy's 1980 presidential run. Side A: Women USA Hotline: pre-recorded message (start-9:18); Abzug stumping for Ted Kennedy (9:19-11:20); unidentified female speaker (11:21-13:03); dial tones (13:04-end). Side B: Pre-recorded messages, series of dial tones from hotline number.
Alterations of the genes involved in the PI3K and estrogen-receptor pathways influence outcome in human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive and hormone receptor-positive breast cancer patients treated with trastuzumab-containing neoadjuvant chemotherapy
Creators: name: Inoue, Kenichi
name: Watanabe, Junko
name: Ogawa, Seishi
name: Miyazaki, Masaru
name: Kurosumi, Masafumi
name: Higuchi, Toru
name: Kaneko, Yasuhiko
name: Sato-Otsubo, Aiko
name: Kasai, Fumio
name: Takada, Mamoru
name: Takei, Hiroyuki
name: Tozuka, Katsunori
name: Haruta, Masayuki
Publisher: name: BioMed Central Ltd
Year: 2013

description: Abstract Background Chemotherapy with trastuzumab is widely used for patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive (HER2+) breast cancer, but a significant number of patients with the tumor fail to respond, or relapse. The mechanisms of recurrence and biomarkers that indicate the response to the chemotherapy and outcome are not fully investigated. Methods Genomic alterations were analyzed using single-nucleotide polymorphism arrays in 46 HER2 immunohistochemistry (IHC) 3+ or 2+/fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH)+ breast cancers that were treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy with paclitaxel, cyclophosphamid, epirubicin, fluorouracil, and trastuzumab. Patients were classified into two groups based on presence or absence of alterations of 65 cancer-associated genes, and the two groups were further classified into four groups based on genomic HER2 copy numbers or hormone receptor status (HR+/−). Pathological complete response (pCR) and relapse-free survival (RFS) rates were compared between any two of the groups. Results and discussion The pCR rate was 54% in 37 patients, and the RFS rate at 3 years was 72% (95% CI, 0.55-0.89) in 42 patients. The analysis disclosed 8 tumors with nonamplified HER2 and 38 tumors with HER2 amplification, indicating the presence of discordance in tumors diagnosed using current HER2 testing. The 8 patients showed more difficulty in achieving pCR (P=0.019), more frequent relapse (P=0.018), and more frequent alterations of genes in the PI3K pathway (P=0.009) than the patients with HER2 amplification. The alterations of the PI3K and estrogen receptor (ER) pathway genes generally indicated worse RFS rates. The prognostic significance of the alterations was shown in patients with a HR+ tumor, but not in patients with a HR- tumor when divided. Alterations of the PI3K and ER pathway genes found in patients with a HR+ tumor with poor outcome suggested that crosstalk between the two pathways may be involved in resistance to the current chemotherapy with trastuzumab. Conclusions We recommend FISH analysis as a primary HER2 testing because patients with IHC 2+/3+ and nonamplified HER2 had poor outcome. We also support concurrent use of trastuzumab, lapatinib, and cytotoxic and anti-hormonal agents for patients having HR+ tumors with alterations of the PI3K and ER pathway genes.
Modelling the effect of malaria endemicity on spatial variations in childhood fever, diarrhoea and pneumonia in Malawi
Creators: name: Kazembe, Lawrence N
name: Kleinschmidt, Immo
name: Muula, Adamson S
name: Appleton, Christopher C
Publisher: name: BioMed Central Ltd
Year: 2007

description: Abstract Background Co-morbidity with conditions such as fever, diarrhoea and pneumonia is a common phenomenon in tropical Africa. However, little is known about geographical overlaps in these illnesses. Spatial modelling may improve our understanding of the epidemiology of the diseases for efficient and cost-effective control. Methods This study assessed subdistrict-specific spatial associations of the three conditions (fever, diarrhoea and pneumonia) in relation to malaria endemicity. We used data from the 2000 Malawi demographic and health survey which captured the history of childhood morbidities 2 weeks prior to the survey date. The disease status of each child in each area was the outcome of interest and was modelled using a trivariate logistic regression model, and incorporated random effects to measure spatial correlation. Results The risk of fever was positively associated with high and medium malaria endemicity levels relative to low endemicity level, while for diarrhoea and pneumonia we observed marginal positive association at high endemicity level relative to low endemicity level, controlling for confounding covariates and heterogeneity. A positive spatial correlation was found between fever and diarrhoea (r = 0.29); while weak associations were estimated between fever and pneumonia (r = 0.01); and between diarrhoea and pneumonia (r = 0.05). The proportion of structured spatial variation compared to unstructured variation was 0.67 (95% credible interval (CI): 0.31–0.91) for fever, 0.67 (95 % CI: 0.27–0.93) for diarrhoea, and 0.87 (95% CI: 0.62–0.96) for pneumonia. Conclusion The analysis suggests some similarities in subdistrict-specific spatial variation of childhood morbidities of fever, diarrhoea and pneumonia, and might be a result of shared and overlapping risk factors, one of which is malaria endemicity.
Semiconductor Ring Lasers Coupled by a Single Waveguide
Creators: name: Coomans, W.
name: Gelens, L.
name: Van der Sande, G.
name: Mezosi, G.
name: Sorel, M.
name: Danckaert, J.
name: Verschaffelt, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We experimentally and theoretically study the characteristics of semiconductor ring lasers bidirectionally coupled by a single bus waveguide. This configuration has, e.g., been suggested for use as an optical memory and as an optical neural network motif. The main results are that the coupling can destabilize the state in which both rings lase in the same direction, and it brings to life a state with equal powers at both outputs. These are both undesirable for optical memory operation. Although the coupling between the rings is bidirectional, the destabilization occurs due to behavior similar to an optically injected laser system.
description: 5 pages, 7 figures
Dielectric response of laser-excited silicon
Creators: name: Sato, S. A.
name: Yabana, K.
name: Shinohara, Y.
name: Otobe, T.
name: Bertsch, G. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the dielectric response of crystalline silicon following irradiation by a high-intensity laser pulse, modeling the dynamics by time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT). The pump-probe measurements are numerically simulated by solving the time-dependent Kohn-Sham equation with the pump and probe fields included as external fields. As expected, the excited silicon shows features of a particle-hole plasma in its response. We compare the calculated response with a thermal model and with a simple Drude model. The thermal model requires only a static DFT calculation to prepare electronically excited matter and agrees rather well with the TDDFT for the same particle-hole density. The Drude model with two fitted parameters (electron effective mass and collision time) also shows fair agreement at the lower excitation energies; the fitted effective masses are consistent with carrier-band dispersions. The extracted Drude lifetimes range from 6 fs at weak pumping fields to much lower values at high fields. However, we find that the Drude model does not give a good fit to the imaginary dielectric function at the highest fields. Comparing the thermal model with the Drude, we find that the extracted lifetimes are in the same range, 1-13 fs depending on the temperature. These short Drude lifetimes show that strong damping is possible in the TDDFT, despite the absence of electron scattering. One significant difference between the TDDFT response and the other models is that the response to the probe pulse depends on the polarization of the pump pulse. We also find that the imaginary part of the dielectric function can be negative, particularly for the parallel polarization of pump and probe fields.
description: 24 pages, 14 figures
Women USA Hotline: pre-recorded message; Abzug stumping for Ted Kennedy; unidentified female speaker; dial tones
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Women--Political activity
Political campaigns
Presidents
Primaries
Politics, Practical
Helplines

description: Side A: Women USA Hotline: pre-recorded message (start-9:18); Abzug stumping for Ted Kennedy (9:19-11:20); unidentified female speaker (11:21-13:03); dial tones (13:04-end).
The interaction between HIV testing social norms and self-efficacy on HIV testing among Chinese men who have sex with men: results from an online cross-sectional study
Creators: name: Wang, Cheng
name: Tang, Weiming
name: Wei, Chongyi
name: Tucker, Joseph D
name: Cao, Bolin
name: Yang, Bin
name: Zhao, Peizhen
name: Liu, Li
name: Liu, Chuncheng
name: Cheng, Huanhuan
name: Zhang, Ye
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2018

description: Abstract
                Background
                Increasing human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing is critical for HIV control. This study aimed to evaluate the interaction between social norms and self-efficacy on HIV testing among Chinese men who have sex with men (MSM).
                Methods
                We conducted an online survey in eight Chinese cities in Shandong and Guangdong Provinces in July 2016. We included participants who were born as a male, at least 16 years old, currently living in one of the designated cities, and had ever engaged in anal sex with a man. We collected information regarding socio-demographics, high-risk behaviors, and history of HIV and other STI testing. We coded sensitivity to social norms using six items asking participants about their perceived social norm regarding HIV testing. We coded HIV testing self-efficacy using a separate six-item scale. We interpreted higher mean scores as higher sensitivity to social norms and higher self-efficacy, respectively. We conducted logistic regressions to evaluate the interaction between self-efficacy and social norms on HIV testing.
                Results
                A total of 2105 men completed the survey. The mean age of the participants was 25.97 ± 6.42 years. Over four-fifths (85.9%) of participants were unmarried, 22.7% were students, and 64.6% at least had a college degree. 62.5 and 32.6% of participants ever and tested HIV in the last three months, respectively.
                With respect to uptake of HIV testing in the last three months, the adjusted odds ratio was 1.01(95% CI: 0.96–1.06) for higher sensitivity to social norms and 1.09 (95% CI: 1.05–1.14) for higher self-efficacy, with an interaction effect of 1.02 (95% CI: 1.01–1.03), respectively. With respect to uptake of lifetime HIV testing, the adjusted odds ratio was 1.03(95% CI: 0.99–1.07) for higher sensitivity to social norms and 1.15 (95% CI: 1.11–1.19) for higher self-efficacy, with an interaction effect of 1.02 (95% CI: 1.01–1.04), respectively.
                Conclusions
                Our survey demonstrated that there is a significant association between the uptake of HIV testing with sensitivity to the social norm, higher self-efficacy, as well as the interaction between them. Tailored studies for improving HIV testing among MSM in China can combine these two interventions together.
Shot-noise at a Fermi-edge singularity: Non-Markovian dynamics
Creators: name: Ubbelohde, Niels
name: Roszak, K.
name: Hohls, Frank
name: Maire, Niels
name: Novotný, T.
name: Haug, Rolf J.
Publisher: name: College Park, MD : American Institute of Physics
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: electron transport
subject: Fermi-edge singularity
subject: non-Markovian dynamics
subject: shot noise
subject: Dynamics
subject: Magnetic fields
subject: Cross-correlation measurements
subject: Electron transport
subject: Generalized master equations
subject: Markovian master equation
subject: Non-markovian dynamics
subject: Quantitative agreement
subject: Zero magnetic fields
subject: Shot noise
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: For an InAs quantum dot we study the current shot noise at a Fermi-edge singularity in low temperature cross-correlation measurements. In the regime of the interaction effect the strong suppression of noise observed at zero magnetic field and the sequence of enhancement and suppression in magnetic field go beyond a Markovian master equation model. Qualitative and quantitative agreement can however be achieved by a generalized master equation model taking non-Markovian dynamics into account. © 2013 AIP Publishing LLC.
Prevalence and determinants of adolescent tobacco smoking in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Creators: name: Abdo, Abdurahman
name: Rudatsikira, Emmanuel
name: Muula, Adamson S
Publisher: name: BioMed Central Ltd
Year: 2007

description: Abstract Background Tobacco smoking is a growing public health problem in the developing world. There is paucity of data on smoking and predictors of smoking among school-going adolescents in most of sub-Saharan Africa. Hence, the aim of this study is to estimate the prevalence of smoking and its associations among school-going adolescents in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methods Data from the Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS) 2003 were used to determine smoking prevalence, determinants, attitudes to, and exposure to tobacco advertisements among adolescents. Results Of the 1868 respondents, 4.5% males and 1% females reported being current smokers (p < 0.01). Having smoking friends was strongly associated with smoking after controlling for age, gender, parental smoking status, and perception of risks of smoking (OR = 33; 95% CI [11.6, 95.6]). Male gender and having one or both smoking parents were associated with smoking. Perception that smoking is harmful was negatively associated with being a smoker (odds ratio 0.3; 95% confidence interval, 0.2–0.5) Conclusion Prevalence of smoking among adolescents in Ethiopia is lower than in many other African countries. There is however need to strengthen anti-tobacco messages especially among adolescents.
Best-in-class and Strategic Benchmarking of Scientific Subject Categories of Web of Science in 2010
Creators: name: García, J. A.
name: Rodriguez-Sánchez, Rosa
name: Fdez-Valdivia, Joaquín
name: Robinson-Garcia, Nicolás
name: Torres-Salinas, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Here we show a novel technique for comparing subject categories, where the prestige of academic journals in each category is represented statistically by an impact-factor histogram. For each subject category we compute the probability of occurrence of scholarly journals with impact factor in different intervals. Here impact factor is measured with Thomson Reuters Impact Factor, Eigenfactor Score, and Immediacy Index. Assuming the probabilities associated with a pair of subject categories our objective is to measure the degree of dissimilarity between them. To do so, we use an axiomatic characterization for predicting dissimilarity between subject categories. The scientific subject categories of Web of Science in 2010 were used to test the proposed approach for benchmarking Cell Biology and Computer Science Information Systems with the rest as two case studies. The former is best-in-class benchmarking that involves studying the leading competitor category; the latter is strategic benchmarking that involves observing how other scientific subject categories compete.
Simple route toward efficient frequency conversion for generation of fully coherent supercontinua in the mid-IR and UV range
Creators: name: Babushkin, Ihar
name: Tajalli, Ayhan
name: Sayinc, Hakan
name: Morgner, Uwe
name: Steinmeyer, Guenter
name: Demircan, Ayhan
Publisher: name: London : Nature Publishing Group
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: attosecond pulses
subject: optical solitons
subject: supercontinuum
subject: ultrashort pulses
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau

description: Fiber supercontinua represent light sources of pivotal importance for a wide range of applications, ranging from optical communications to frequency metrology. Although spectra encompassing more than three octaves can be produced, the applicability of such spectra is strongly hampered due to coherence degradation during spectral broadening. Assuming pulse parameters at the cutting edge of currently available laser technology, we demonstrate the possibility of strongly coherent supercontinuum generation. In a fiber with two zero-dispersion wavelengths a higher-order soliton experiences a temporal breakdown, without any compression or splitting behavior, which leads to nearly complete conversion of input solitonic radiation into resonant nonsolitonic radiation in the dispersive wave regime. As the process is completely deterministic and shows little sensitivity to input noise, the resulting pulses appear to be compressible down to the sub-cycle level and may thus hold a new opportunity for direct generation of attosecond pulses in the visible to near ultraviolet wavelength range.
title: Zusammensetzung und Verzierung der sogenannten Zinnfigurenstreifen aus Magdeburg
Creators: name: Berger, Daniel
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2016

description: Archaeological and archaeometallurgical investigations in the last years have shown that Magdeburg in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany, was an important centre for pewter casting during the High and Late Middle Ages. This is mainly
based on hundreds of stone moulds, but apart from that, some evidence of medieval pewter artefacts has survived. It is the aim of the following paper to examine one of this pewter objects by means of scientific and metallurgical
analyses in order to give an understanding of its metallurgical composition, manufacture and decoration. Until now such considerations are rare, especially concerning German medieval pewterware.
description: Archäologische und archäometallurgische Untersuchungen der letzten Jahre konnten zeigen, dass Magdeburg im hohen und späten Mittelalter eines der bedeutendsten Zentren für den Zinnguss in Europa war. Anlass zu dieser
Aussage geben die Funde hunderter Steingießformen, doch auch einige Weißmetallfunde tragen dazu bei. In diesem Beitrag werden die Ergebnisse der naturwissenschaftlichen und metallurgischen Untersuchung eines dieser
Weißmetallobjekte erläutert, um damit seine Metallzusammensetzung und Herstellungsgeschichte zu rekonstruieren. Derartige Betrachtungen wurden besonders im deutschen Raum bislang oft vernachlässigt, sodass nur wenige Erkenntnisse zur Metallurgie mittelalterlicher Weißmetallobjekte existieren.
Chamaemespilus X Mougeotii
Creators: name: Becherer
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1956
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: S. Chamaemespilus X Mougeotii (= S. Hostii [Jacq.] K. Koch) - l: La Creuse ob Salvan (Coquoz); Emaney (F.).
description: Published as part of Becherer, 1956, Florae Vallesiacae Supplementum, pp. 1-556 in Denkschriften der Schweizerischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft 71 on pages 1-556
Neue Wege zu Metallsiliciden
Creators: name: Schütte, Mike
Publisher: name: Hannover : Universität
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Shape controlling solid synthesis
subject: intermetallic silicides
subject: solid/gaseous-reactions
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::540 | Chemie

description: [no abstract]
Discovery of an Intermediate Mass Black Hole at the center of the starburst/Seyfert composite galaxy IRAS 01072+4954
Creators: name: Valencia-S., M.
name: Eckart, A.
name: Zuther, J.
name: Fischer, S.
name: Smajic, S.
name: Iserlohe, C.
name: Garcia-Marin, M.
name: Moser, L.
name: Bremer, M.
name: Vitale, M.
name: .
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The starburst/Seyfert composite galaxy IRAS 01072+4954 (z=0.0236) is an enigmatic source that combines a Seyfert~1-like X-ray emission with a starburst optical spectrum that lacks broad line emission. We performed high angular resolution observations of the central kiloparsec of this galaxy in the near-infrared. Combining our data with 2MASS images of the whole galaxy, we obtain and model the surface brightness profile. We find indications for the presence of an elongated bar-like structure in both data sets. We also model the line of sight velocity distribution of the stars in the bulge. The derived photometrical and kinematical parameters of the bulge are used to evaluate the black hole mass through scaling relations. We find that all reliable estimations of the black hole mass are consistent with the presence of an intermediate mass black hole with a mass of ~10^5 solar masses (or less).
description: 9 pages, 5 figures. Proceedings of the Conference "The Central Kiloparsec in Galactic Nuclei. Astronomy at High Angular Resolution" (Bad Honnef, Germany, 29.8-2.9.2011)
Yang-Mills solutions on de Sitter space of any dimension
Creators: name: Lechtenfeld, Olaf
name: Ünal, Gönül
Publisher: name: College Park : American Physical Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Yang-Mills equations
subject: field theory
subject: Newtonian particle
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::510 | Mathematik
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: For gauge groups SO(n + 1), SU(m + 1), and Sp(l + 1), we construct equivariant Yang-Mills solutions on de Sitter space in n + 1, 2(m + 1), and 4(l + 1) spacetime dimensions. The latter is conformally mapped to a finite cylinder over a coset space realizing an appropriate unit sphere. The equivariance condition reduces the Yang-Mills system to an analog Newtonian particle in one or two dimensions subject to a time-dependent friction and a particular potential. We analyze some properties of the solutions such as their action and energy and display all analytic ones. Beyond dS(4), all such configurations have finite energy but infinite action.
Distributed conjugate gradient strategies for parameter estimation over sensor networks
Creators: name: Xu, Songcen
name: de Lamare, Rodrigo C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper presents distributed adaptive algorithms based on the conjugate gradient (CG) method for distributed networks. Both incremental and diffusion adaptive solutions are all considered. The distributed conventional (CG) and modified CG (MCG) algorithms have an improved performance in terms of mean square error as compared with least-mean square (LMS)-based algorithms and a performance that is close to recursive least-squares (RLS) algorithms . The resulting algorithms are distributed, cooperative and able to respond in real time to changes in the environment.
description: 5 figures, 5 pages
Diorchilepis LYKOVA ET AL. 2006
Creators: name: Kornienko, Svetlana A.
name: Binkienė, Rasa
name: Dokuchaev, Nikolai E.
name: Tkach, Vasyl V.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Platyhelminthes
Cestoda
Cyclophyllidea
Hymenolepididae
Diorchilepis

description: DIORCHILEPIS LYKOVA ET AL., 2006
Diagnosis (according to Lykova et al., 2006): Small cestode with serial heteronomous maturation. Strobila can consist from one to four series of either male or hermaphroditic proglottides. Proglottides acraspedote. Scolex with rudimentary rostellum. Suckers expanding far beyond margins of scolex. Osmoregulatory canals without transverse anastomoses. Genital pores dextral. Cirrus-sac long, crossing midline of proglottid or even aporal osmoregulatory canals. Cirrus armed. Internal seminal vesicle absent; external seminal vesicle elongate. Testes two in male and hermaphroditic proglottides, one poral and one antiporal, situated in row at posterior margin of proglottis. Ovary trilobed. Vitellarium entire, postovarian. Seminal receptacle indistinct. Uterus initially horseshoe-shaped, sacciform in gravid proglottides, not extending into lateral fields. Asian part of the Palaearctic.
Type and only species: Diorchilepis ezoensis (Sawada & Koyashu, 1991) Lykova et al., 2006 (syn.: Ditestolepis ezoensis Sawada & Koyashu, 1991).
Remarks: Diorchilepis is the only not yet sequenced genus of the ‘ Ditestolepis clade’. It is morphologically most similar to Ecrinolepis; the main difference between the two genera is the number of testes in proglottides. Ecrinolepis has two testes in male and three testes in hermaphroditic proglottides, while all proglottides in Diorchilepis contains only two testes (Fig. 4H, J). Diorchilepis ezoensis was found in Nagano and Ishikawa Prefecture, Hokkaido, Japan (Sawada & Koyasu, 1991a; Sawada et al., 1992; Sawada & Harada, 1993). However, descriptions and figures provided in these publications contain some differences and discrepancies. Therefore, it is difficult to say whether they reported the same species. We attempted to re-study the type material deposited in the Meguro Parasitological Museum but, unfortunately, it did not contain any mounted slides and material in the vial proved to be in a very poor condition, unusable for morphological study. A morphological examination of fresh, properly fixed, specimens from Japanese shrews is necessary to clarify the taxonomic status of D. ezoensis.
description: Published as part of Kornienko, Svetlana A., Binkienė, Rasa, Dokuchaev, Nikolai E. & Tkach, Vasyl V., 2019, Molecular phylogeny and systematics of cestodes with rudimentary rostellum (Cestoda: Hymenolepididae) from Holarctic Sorex shews (Eulipotyphla: Soricidae), pp. 965-986 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 187 on page 974
Multi-Stage Robust Chinese Remainder Theorem
Creators: name: Xiao, Li
name: Xia, Xiang-Gen
name: Wang, Wenjie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: It is well-known that the traditional Chinese remainder theorem (CRT) is not robust in the sense that a small error in a remainder may cause a large error in the reconstruction solution. A robust CRT was recently proposed for a special case when the greatest common divisor (gcd) of all the moduli is more than 1 and the remaining integers factorized by the gcd of all the moduli are co-prime. In this special case, a closed-form reconstruction from erroneous remainders was proposed and a necessary and sufficient condition on the remainder errors was obtained. It basically says that the reconstruction error is upper bounded by the remainder error level $τ$ if $τ$ is smaller than a quarter of the gcd of all the moduli. In this paper, we consider the robust reconstruction problem for a general set of moduli. We first present a necessary and sufficient condition for the remainder errors for a robust reconstruction from erroneous remainders with a general set of muduli and also a corresponding robust reconstruction method. This can be thought of as a single stage robust CRT. We then propose a two-stage robust CRT by grouping the moduli into several groups as follows. First, the single stage robust CRT is applied to each group. Then, with these robust reconstructions from all the groups, the single stage robust CRT is applied again across the groups. This is then easily generalized to multi-stage robust CRT. Interestingly, with this two-stage robust CRT, the robust reconstruction holds even when the remainder error level $τ$ is above the quarter of the gcd of all the moduli. In this paper, we also propose an algorithm on how to group a set of moduli for a better reconstruction robustness of the two-stage robust CRT in some special cases.
description: 26 pages, 2 figures
Population Properties of Gravitational-wave Neutron Star-Black Hole Mergers
Creators: name: Zhu, Jin-Ping
name: Wu, Shichao
name: Qin, Ying
name: Zhang, Bing
name: Gao, He
name: Cao, Zhoujian
Publisher: name: London : Institute of Physics Publ.
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Spin-Orbit Misalignment
subject: Active Galactic Nuclei
subject: Gamma-Ray Bursts
subject: Electromagnetic Counterpart
subject: Mass-Distribution
subject: Luminosity Function
subject: Compact Objects
subject: Kilonova
subject: Constraints
subject: Evolution
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::520 | Astronomie, Kartographie

description: Over the course of the third observing run of the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA Collaboration, several gravitational-wave (GW) neutron star-black hole (NSBH) candidates have been announced. By assuming that these candidates are real signals with astrophysical origins, we analyze the population properties of the mass and spin distributions for GW NSBH mergers. We find that the primary BH mass distribution of NSBH systems, whose shape is consistent with that inferred from the GW binary BH (BBH) primaries, can be well described as a power law with an index of α=4.8-2.8+4.5 plus a high-mass Gaussian component peaking at ∼33-9+14M⊙ . The NS mass spectrum could be shaped as a nearly flat distribution between ∼1.0 and 2.1 M ⊙. The constrained NS maximum mass agrees with that inferred from NSs in our Galaxy. If GW190814 and GW200210 are NSBH mergers, the posterior results of the NS maximum mass would be always larger than ∼2.5 M ⊙ and significantly deviate from that inferred in Galactic NSs. The effective inspiral spin and effective precession spin of GW NSBH mergers are measured to potentially have near-zero distributions. The negligible spins for GW NSBH mergers imply that most events in the universe should be plunging events, which support the standard isolated formation channel of NSBH binaries. More NSBH mergers to be discovered in the fourth observing run would help to more precisely model the population properties of cosmological NSBH mergers. © 2022. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society.
Über die gasdynamischen Vorgänge während der Dunkelpause von Drahtexplosionen und ihre Bedeutung für die Wiederzündung
Creators: name: Tiemann, W.
Publisher: name: Berlin : De Gruyter
Year: 1968
Subjects: subject: gasdynamischen Vorgänge
subject: Dunkelpause von Drahtexplosionen
subject: Wiederzündung
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: Gasdynamic flow phenomena during the dwell time of exploding wires and their importance in reignition problems are investigated. Schlieren photographs show a shock wave inside the metal vapor cylinder converging to the axis. According to the theory of detonation this shock wave determines the radial distribution of temperature, pressure, and density in the vapor cylinder. It is shown, that reignition occurs always at the radius of minimum vapor density. Denoting the moment of reignition as tZ and the moment, when the converging shock wave reaches the axis, as tR, the following types of discharge may be distinguished: 1) For tZ < tR reignition occurs immediately in front of the inward facing shock wave. 2) For tZ > tR reignition starts in the axis of the vapor cylinder. © 1968, IEEE. All rights reserved.
title: Michaela Konrad, Die Ausgrabungen unter dem Niedermünster zu Regensburg II. Bauten und Funde der römischen Zeit. Auswertung
Creators: name: Moosbauer, Günther
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2016

description: Rezension zu: Michaela Konrad, Die Ausgrabungen unter dem Niedermünster zu Regensburg II. Bauten und Funde der römischen Zeit. Auswertung. Mit Beiträgen von Karlheinz Dietz, Michael Mackensen, Herbert Riedl, Andrea Rottloff und Eleonore Wintergerst. Münchner Beiträge zur Vor- und Frühgeschichte, Band 57. Verlag C. H. Beck, München 2005. 152 Seiten, 15 Abbildungen, 2 Tabellen im Text, 62 Tafeln, 3 Beilagen.