cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Domain-incremental Cardiac Image Segmentation with Style-oriented Replay and Domain-sensitive Feature Whitening
Creators: name: Li, Kang
name: Yu, Lequan
name: Heng, Pheng-Ann
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Contemporary methods have shown promising results on cardiac image segmentation, but merely in static learning, i.e., optimizing the network once for all, ignoring potential needs for model updating. In real-world scenarios, new data continues to be gathered from multiple institutions over time and new demands keep growing to pursue more satisfying performance. The desired model should incrementally learn from each incoming dataset and progressively update with improved functionality as time goes by. As the datasets sequentially delivered from multiple sites are normally heterogenous with domain discrepancy, each updated model should not catastrophically forget previously learned domains while well generalizing to currently arrived domains or even unseen domains. In medical scenarios, this is particularly challenging as accessing or storing past data is commonly not allowed due to data privacy. To this end, we propose a novel domain-incremental learning framework to recover past domain inputs first and then regularly replay them during model optimization. Particularly, we first present a style-oriented replay module to enable structure-realistic and memory-efficient reproduction of past data, and then incorporate the replayed past data to jointly optimize the model with current data to alleviate catastrophic forgetting. During optimization, we additionally perform domain-sensitive feature whitening to suppress model's dependency on features that are sensitive to domain changes (e.g., domain-distinctive style features) to assist domain-invariant feature exploration and gradually improve the generalization performance of the network. We have extensively evaluated our approach with the M&Ms Dataset in single-domain and compound-domain incremental learning settings with improved performance over other comparison approaches.
description: Accepted to IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging
POSTOPERATIVE UNPLANNED INTUBATION AND ASSOCIATED PATIENT FACTORS
Creators: name: Aown, Allison
name: Bailey, Ashley
name: Kukurba, Alexandra
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: postoperative reintubation
emergent
unexpected
intubation
patient factors
respiratory failure

description: Surgical patients undergoing anesthesia encounter physiologic changes that can lead to respiratory complications. Certain patient-related factors can increase this risk and potentially result in postoperative unplanned intubation (PUI), a serious complication in the perioperative period that is associated with increases in patient morbidity, mortality, lengths of hospital stay, and healthcare costs. Objective: Identify patient-related factors most associated with PUI. Determining which patient factors may increase the risk for PUI can help providers better identify at-risk patients and optimize their anesthetic plan for surgery accordingly. Design: Retrospective secondary data analysis of the American College of Surgeons (ASC) National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP) data. Setting: Kaiser Permanente School of Anesthesia, Pasadena, California. Patients: Patients aged 18-90 years old who underwent surgery between 2017-2019. Measurements: The primary outcome measure was the incidence of reintubation occurring within the first 30 days after surgery. Both inferential and descriptive statistical analyses were conducted to identify associations among various patient characteristics with the outcome measure PUI. Results: Patient factors of COPD, CHF, insulin-dependent DM, ASA scores 3-4, dependent functional status, dyspnea, smoking histories, HTN requiring pharmacotherapy, and inflammatory processes were all PUI risk factors. Conclusions: The PUI risk factors identified in this extensive secondary data analysis are consistent with previous research regarding certain patient-related risk factors that contribute to PUI. Thus, it is strongly recommended that a screening tool for PUI prevention be developed based on these consistent findings and incorporated into anesthesia practices.
OPERATING ROOM TO POST-ANESTHESIA CARE UNIT HANDOFF CHECKLIST
Creators: name: Balajadia, Marlonino
name: Dominguez, Savannah
name: Karimianpour, Yasaman
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: standardization
handoff report
checklist
PACU

description: A postoperative handoff is performed by anesthesia providers and post-anesthesia care unit nurses during the transfer of care. This process is a necessary aspect of the perioperative routine; however, it remains unstandardized. The literature review supports standardizing handoffs to prevent the exclusion of pertinent information and decrease patient harm. As a result, in this Doctor of Nursing Practice project, we aimed to develop an evidence-based standardized checklist that may be implemented in clinical practice during the transition of care from the operating room to the post-anesthesia care unit. The checklist was developed by collecting and appraising the evidence and included the most common handoff components found in the literature. In addition, adjustments were made after obtaining expert opinions. Further evidence-based practice projects are recommended next steps to implement and evaluate the effectiveness of the checklist in the clinical practice setting.
Novel Utility-based Life Cycle Models to Optimise Income in Retirement in the Presence of Heterogeneous Preferences
Creators: name: Koo, Bonsoo
name: Pantelous, Athanasios A.
name: Wang, Yunxiao
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Econometric and statistical methods
Econometrics not elsewhere classified

description: The global shift towards defined-contribution pension schemes has been accompanied by asymmetric risks and new responsibilities for households to plan and fund effectively their own retirement over the years. In this study, expressing and combining preferences for consumption, investment, bequest, public pension entitlement and the choice of reverse mortgage products, we develop several utilitybased life cycle models to facilitate the complex decision-making process that retired households are required to follow to optimise their retirement income. This optimal policy is given in the form of either an analytical or a numerical solution using stochastic dynamic programming. The timing of this paper coincides with the launch of a reverse mortgage style loan, offered by the Australian federal government and allowing retired households to receive an income stream by taking out a loan against the equity in their home. Calibration is performed using real Australian household data.
On the Singularity Structure of Maximally Supersymmetric Scattering Amplitudes
Creators: name: Arkani-Hamed, Nima
name: Bourjaily, Jacob L.
name: Cachazo, Freddy
name: Trnka, Jaroslav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present evidence that loop amplitudes in maximally supersymmetric $\mathcal{N}=4$ Yang-Mills (SYM) beyond the planar limit share some of the remarkable structures of the planar theory. In particular, we show that through two loops, the four-particle amplitude in full $\mathcal{N}=4$ SYM has only logarithmic singularities and is free of any poles at infinity---properties closely related to uniform transcendentality and the UV-finiteness of the theory. We also briefly comment on implications for maximal ($\mathcal{N}=8$) supergravity.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
On the Abhyankar-Moh inequality
Creators: name: Barrolleta, Roland D.
name: Barroso, Evelia R. García
name: Płoski, Arkadiusz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Abhyankar and Moh in their fundamental paper on the embeddings of the line in the plane proved an important inequality which can be stated in terms of the semigroup associated with the branch at infinity of a plane algebraic curve. In this note we study the semigroups of integers satisfying the Abhyankar-Moh inequality and give a simple proof of the Abhyankar-Moh embedding theorem.
description: 5 pages. This short note is conceived as an appendix to arXiv:1208.0913
PERIOPERATIVE VISION LOSS FOLLOWING PRONE SPINE SURGERY
Creators: name: Becerra, Azucena
name: Liu, Michael
name: Ronan, Molly
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: perioperative vision loss
postoperative vision loss
ischemic optic neuropathy
prone position
spine surgery
ocular perfusion pressure

description: Perioperative vision loss (POVL) is a rare and devastating complication following prone spine surgery. POVL often results in permanent bilateral vision loss, diminished quality of life, and significant personal and societal costs. Due to the rare nature of this complication, there is limited research available about patient and surgical factors that increase the risk of POVL. The purpose of this Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) scholarly project was to investigate the incidence of POVL and associated patient and surgical risk factors through secondary data analysis of the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP) database. Significant associations were found between two surgical risk factors, including perioperative blood transfusion (p <.0001) and prolonged operative time (p = 0.003). The results of this study were incorporated into a manuscript submitted for publication. Recommendations for future DNP projects focused on POVL were also provided.
On Time Trend of COVID-19: A Panel Data Study
Creators: name: Dong, Chaohua
name: Gao, Jiti
name: Linton, Oliver
name: peng, Bin
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Econometric and statistical methods
Econometrics not elsewhere classified

description: In this paper, we study the trending behaviour of COVID-19 data at country level, and draw attention to some existing econometric tools which are potentially helpful to understand the trend better in future studies. In our empirical study, we find that European countries overall flatten the curves more effectively compared to the other regions, while Asia & Oceania also achieve some success, but the situations are not as optimistic as in Europe. Africa and America are still facing serious challenges in terms of managing the spread of the virus and reducing the death rate. In Africa, the rate of the spread of the virus is slower and the death rate is also lower than those of the other regions. By comparing the performances of different countries, our results on the performance of different countries in managing the speed of the virus agree with Gu et al. (2020). For example, both studies agree that countries such as USA, UK and Italy perform relatively poorly; on the other hand, Australia, China, Japan, Korea, and Singapore perform relatively better.
Ergodicity of a Time-Reversibly Thermostated Harmonic Oscillator and the 2014 Ian Snook Prize
Creators: name: Hoover, William Graham
name: Hoover, Carol Griswold
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Shuichi Nosé opened up a new world of atomistic simulation in 1984. He formulated a Hamiltonian tailored to generate Gibbs' canonical distribution dynamically. This clever idea bridged the gap between microcanonical molecular dynamics and canonical statistical mechanics. Until then the canonical distribution was explored with Monte Carlo sampling. Nosé's dynamical Hamiltonian bridge requires the "ergodic" support of a space-filling structure in order to reproduce the entire distribution. For sufficiently small systems, such as the harmonic oscillator, Nosé's dynamical approach failed to agree with Gibbs' sampling and instead showed a complex structure, partitioned into a chaotic sea, islands, and chains of islands, that is familiar textbook fare from investigations of Hamiltonian chaos. In trying to enhance small-system ergodicity several more complicated "thermostated" equations of motion were developed. All were consistent with the canonical Gaussian distribution for the oscillator coordinate and momentum. The ergodicity of the various approaches has undergone several investigations, with somewhat inconclusive ( contradictory ) results. Here we illustrate several ways to test ergodicity and challenge the reader to find even more convincing algorithms or an entirely new approach to this problem.
description: 12 pages and five figures
PERIOPERATIVE GLYCEMIC MANAGEMENT OF DIABETIC PATIENTS
Creators: name: Africano, Niko
name: De La Merced, Ryan
name: Leor, Gustavo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: anesthesia
preoperative
blood glucose management
hyperglycemia
perioperative guidelines
compliance
barriers

description: Uncontrolled perioperative glucose levels have been demonstrated to affect outcomes of Type 2 diabetics and non-diabetics undergoing surgical procedures to a lack of standardized protocols to manage hyperglycemic events, patients are at increased risk of infection, hospital lengths of stay, morbidity, and mortality (Cho et al., 2018; Duggan & Chen, 2019; Joslin Diabetes Center, 2019; Nair, Horibe, et al., 2016; Vogt & Bally, 2020). Appropriate perioperative blood glucose management is critical to enhancing health outcomes, shortening hospital length of stay, and reducing the need for hospital readmission (ADA, 2020). METHODS: Retrospective chart audits were conducted as part of a quality improvement project. Proper adherence to a glycemic management protocol was compared before and after education was provided to anesthesia providers. Data were obtained from the electronic health records of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who underwent general anesthesia at a regional medical center hospital in Southern California. A total of 100 preintervention and 100 postintervention charts were included in the data collection sample. INTERVENTION: Optimal control of perioperative blood glucose levels is facilitated by a detailed, evidence-based protocol that clinicians can efficiently comprehend and employ. The Emory University School of Medicine Perioperative Insulin Management Protocol was used to educate anesthesia providers at a Southern California medical center. Retrospective chart audits were done to assess provider patterns of diabetic care and patient glycemic outcomes before protocol education and post-education. The efficacy of educational outcomes can be evaluated by performing chart reviews and identifying deviations from recommended protocols and suboptimal glycemic outcomes. RESULTS: Intraoperative blood glucose checks had a statistically significant gain from 14% to 39% (p = <0.001). Other process measures, such as frequency of insulin administration, and outcome measures, such as patient blood glucose control, were without significant change. These results indicated a continued deficiency in proper intraoperative glucose monitoring and insulin administration. CONCLUSION: Despite improved assessment of blood glucose, it is recommended that further inquiry to identify barriers that hinder compliance with the proposed protocol among anesthesia providers and initiation of targeted interventions to optimize perioperative glucose management in patients be initiated.
INPOP Planetary ephemerides and applications in the frame of the BepiColombo mission including new constraints on the graviton mass and dilaton parameters
Creators: name: Fienga, A.
name: Bernus, L.
name: Minazzoli, O.
name: Hees, A.
name: Bigot, L.
name: Herrera, C.
name: Mariani, V.
name: Di Ruscio, A.
name: Durante, D.
name: Mary, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present here the new results obtained with the INPOP planetary ephemerides and BepiColombo radio-science simulations. We give new constraints for the classic General Relativity tests in terms of violation of the PPN parameters $β$ and $γ$ and the time variation of the gravitational constant G. We also present new limits for the mass of the graviton and finally we obtain new acceptable intervals for the dilaton parameters $α_{0}$, $α_{T}$ and $α_{G}$. Besides these tests of gravitation, we also study the possibility of detecting the Sun core rotation.
description: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2111.04499
Schrödinger and Klein-Gordon theories of black holes from the quantization of the Oppenheimer and Snyder gravitational collapse
Creators: name: Corda, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Schrödinger equation of the Schwarzschild black hole (BH) shows that a BH is composed of a particle, the "electron", interacting with a central field, the "nucleus". Via de Broglie's hypothesis, one interprets the "electron" in terms of BH horizon's modes. Quantum gravity effects modify the BH semi-classical structure at the Schwarzschild scale rather than at the Planck scale. The analogy between this BH Schrödinger equation and the Schrödinger equation of the s states of the hydrogen atom permits us to solve the same equation. Therefore, BHs are well defined quantum gravitational systems obeying Schrödinger's theory: the "gravitational hydrogen atoms". By identifying the potential energy in the BH Schrödinger equation as being the gravitational energy of a spherically symmetric shell, a different nature of the quantum BH seems to surface. BHs are self-interacting, highly excited, spherically symmetric, massive quantum shells generated by matter condensing on the apparent horizon, concretely realizing the membrane paradigm. The quantum BH descripted as a "gravitational hydrogen atom" is a fictitious mathematical representation of the real, quantum BH, a quantum massive shell having as radius the oscillating gravitational radius. Nontrivial consequences emerge from this result: i) BHs have neither horizons nor singularities; ii) there is neither information loss in BH evaporation, nor BH complementarity, nor firewall paradox. These results are consistent with previous ones by Hawking, Vaz, Mitra and others. Finally, the special relativistic corrections to the BH Schrödinger equation give the BH Klein-Gordon equation and the corresponding eigenvalues.
description: 30 pages, accepted for publication in Communications in Theoretical Physics
Tunable sub-luminal propagation of narrowband x-ray pulses
Creators: name: Heeg, K. P.
name: Haber, J.
name: Schumacher, D.
name: Bocklage, L.
name: Wille, H. -C.
name: Schulze, K. S.
name: Loetzsch, R.
name: Uschmann, I.
name: Paulus, G. G.
name: Rüffer, R.
name: Röhlsberger, R.
name: Evers, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Group velocity control is demonstrated for x-ray photons of 14.4 keV energy via a direct measurement of the temporal delay imposed on spectrally narrow x-ray pulses. Sub-luminal light propagation is achieved by inducing a steep positive linear dispersion in the optical response of ${}^{57}$Fe Mössbauer nuclei embedded in a thin film planar x-ray cavity. The direct detection of the temporal pulse delay is enabled by generating frequency-tunable spectrally narrow x-ray pulses from broadband pulsed synchrotron radiation. Our theoretical model is in good agreement with the experimental data.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
REIMAGINING BUILDING EFFICACY: AN EXPLORATORY STUDY
Creators: name: Lumpkin, Domenique R
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2022
Subjects: Building industry studies
Building science, technologies and systems
Architectural engineering
Interaction and experience design
Sustainable design

description: This dissertation focuses on the creation of a paradigm shift in building innovation. Challenges in achieving building energy-efficiency at scale highlight the complexity of the building performance problem, which is embedded with social, cultural, physical, environmental, and economic factors. Traditional approaches to building design have difficulty accounting for these multi-faceted variables and related longitudinal barriers and intangible impacts. Firstly, key stakeholders and their economic constraints change throughout time, and this variability is not traditionally considered upfront or addressed throughout a building’s operation. Secondly, buildings have social, cultural, environmental and economic implications that are difficult to quantify and evaluate against strictly functional design objectives. Therefore, current deeply technical and often system-specific building design strategies could benefit from whole-building solutions that account for this complexity and enable a paradigm shift in design toward human-centered outcomes (i.e., well-being, health, financial sustainability) and effective (i.e., equitable and sustainable) buildings. To drive this shift, an impact-based innovation framework was employed to pursue system-level and ecosystem-level strategies to optimize longitudinal building value assessment and distribution. First, a grounded theory study was pursued which identified gaps in current design practice that miss underlying building subsystem interactions which influence building performance. A system-level taxonomy of the building was then defined, linking identified sub-system synergies to functional, emotional and social building benefits for inhabitants. Then, an exploratory mixed-methods study was pursued, yielding a longitudinal building value framework that helps characterize key stakeholders, building design choices, and shared efficacy metrics. Building on these inputs, a multi-stakeholder, longitudinal building value assessment model was developed. The model was tested on two residential building development scenarios, highlighting its ability to capture the true impact of buildings on affected stakeholders over time in terms of tangible and intangible building costs and benefits. Finally, business model innovation concepts were employed to identify specific changes in stakeholder value delivery and capture strategies that could redistribute building costs and benefits over time, and thereby facilitate a shift in the paradigm of design and value capture in the residential building industry.
Dark Matter at the Pseudoscalar Higgs Resonance in the pMSSM and SUSY GUTs
Creators: name: Anandakrishnan, Archana
name: Shakya, Bibhushan
name: Sinha, Kuver
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study dark matter at the MSSM pseudoscalar Higgs resonance (A-funnel), which is one of the few remaining MSSM thermal dark matter candidates in the $100-1000$ GeV range safe from direct detection constraints. To illustrate the various factors at play, this study is performed in two contrasting set-ups: a bottom-up phenomenological MSSM (pMSSM) approach that allows significant freedom, and the top-down, highly constrained Yukawa unified $SO(10)$ GUT model. In the pMSSM, for $μ> 0$, the entire parameter space lies above the coherent neutrino background and mostly within reach of XENON1T and LZ, while blind spots exist at $m_A\,> \, 800\,$GeV for $μ< 0$; the strongest constraints come from $A/H \rightarrow ττ$ searches at the LHC. For Yukawa unified models, the confluence of $B_s \rightarrow μ^+ μ^-$ constraints, fits to the bottom quark and Higgs masses, and gluino mass bounds from the LHC result in a prediction: realizing the pseudoscalar resonance $requires$ gaugino mass non-universality, with a mass ratio that is determined to within a small range.
description: 14 pages, 6 figures
Forecast Reconciliation: A geometric View with New Insights on Bias Correction
Creators: name: Panagiotelis, Anastasios
name: Gamakumara, Puwasala
name: Athanasopoulos, George
name: Hyndman, Rob J
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Econometric and statistical methods
Econometrics not elsewhere classified

description: A geometric interpretation is developed for so-called reconciliation methodologies used to forecast time series that adhere to known linear constraints. In particular, a general framework is established nesting many existing popular reconciliation methods within the class of projections. This interpretation facilitates the derivation of novel theoretical results. First, reconciliation via projection is guaranteed to improve forecast accuracy with respect to a class of loss functions based on a generalised distance metric. Second, the MinT method minimises expected loss for this same class of loss functions. Third, the geometric interpretation provides a new proof that forecast reconciliation using projections results in unbiased forecasts provided the initial base forecasts are also unbiased. Approaches for dealing with biased base forecasts are proposed. An extensive empirical study on Australian tourism flows demonstrates the theoretical results of the paper and shows that bias correction prior to reconciliation outperforms alternatives that only bias-correct or only reconcile forecasts.
Additional file 1 of The Physical Activity Wearables in the Police Force (PAW-Force) study: acceptability and impact
Creators: name: Buckingham, Sarah Ann
name: Morrissey, Karyn
name: Williams, Andrew James
name: Price, Lisa
name: Harrison, John
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Coded behaviour change techniques (BCTs) and intervention components within the Fitbit® activity monitor and Bupa Boost app.
Quantifying irradiation in spider pulsars: the extreme case of PSR J1622-0315
Creators: name: Turchetta, Marco
name: Linares, Manuel
name: Koljonen, Karri
name: Sen, Bidisha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first multi-band optical light curves of PSR J1622-0315, among the most compact known redback binary millisecond pulsars, with an orbital period Porb=3.9 h. We find a flux modulation with two maxima per orbital cycle and a peak-to-peak amplitude of about 0.3 mag, which we attribute to the ellipsoidal shape of the tidally distorted companion star. The optical colours imply a late-F to early-G spectral type companion and do not show any detectable temperature changes along the orbit. This suggests that the irradiation of the star's inner face by the pulsar wind is unexpectedly missing despite its short orbital period. To interpret these results, we introduce a new parameter fsd, defined as the ratio between the pulsar wind flux intercepted by the companion star and the companion intrinsic flux. This flux ratio fsd, which depends on the spin-down luminosity of the pulsar, the base temperature of the companion and the orbital period, can be used to quantify the effect of the pulsar wind on the companion star and turns out to be the most important factor in determining whether the companion is irradiated or not. We find that the transition between these two regimes occurs at fsd=2-4 and that the value for PSR J1622-0315 is fsd=0.7, placing it firmly in the non-irradiated regime.
Proximity effect in superconductor/conical magnet heterostructures
Creators: name: Fritsch, Daniel
name: Annett, James F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The presence of a spin-flip potential at the interface between a superconductor and a ferromagnetic metal allows for the generation of equal-spin spin-triplet Cooper pairs. These Cooper pairs are compatible with the exchange interaction within the ferromagnetic region and hence allow for the long-range proximity effect through a ferromagnet or half-metal. One suitable spin-flip potential is provided by incorporating the conical magnet Holmium (Ho) into the interface. The conical magnetic structure is characterised by an opening angle $α$ with respect to the crystal $c$-axis and a turning (or pitch) angle $β$ measuring the rotation of magnetisation with respect to the adjacent layers. Here, we present results showing the influence of conical magnet interface layers with varying $α$ and $β$ on the efficiency of the generation of equal-spin spin-triplet pairing. The results are obtained by self-consistent solutions of the microscopic Bogoliubov$-$de Gennes equations in the clean limit within a tight-binding model of the heterostructure. In particular, the dependence of unequal-spin and equal-spin spin-triplet pairing correlations on the conical magnetic angles $α$ and $β$ are discussed in detail.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures
Defect Classification in Additive Manufacturing Using CNN-Based Vision Processing
Creators: name: Liu, Xiao
name: Mileo, Alessandra
name: Smeaton, Alan F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The development of computer vision and in-situ monitoring using visual sensors allows the collection of large datasets from the additive manufacturing (AM) process. Such datasets could be used with machine learning techniques to improve the quality of AM. This paper examines two scenarios: first, using convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to accurately classify defects in an image dataset from AM and second, applying active learning techniques to the developed classification model. This allows the construction of a human-in-the-loop mechanism to reduce the size of the data required to train and generate training data.
description: 4 pages, accepted at the Irish Machine Vision and Image Processing Conference (IMVIP), Galway, August 2023
Additional file 2 of The Physical Activity Wearables in the Police Force (PAW-Force) study: acceptability and impact
Creators: name: Buckingham, Sarah Ann
name: Morrissey, Karyn
name: Williams, Andrew James
name: Price, Lisa
name: Harrison, John
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2. Comparison of PAW-Force study participants from the Plymouth BCU and North Dorset sites with the wider Plymouth BCU and North Dorset police populations: numbers in occupational roles, gender and ethnicity.
О VIII конференции «Российско-японские отношения и перспективы их развития»
Creators: name: Киреева Анна Андреевна
name: Нелидов Владимир Владимирович
Publisher: name: Японские исследования
Year: 2016

description: 18 декабря 2015 г. в МГИМО-Университете состоялась VIII ежегодная конференция Ассоциации японоведов «Российско-японские отношения и перспективы их развития». В рамках конференции прошла презентация совместной монографии российских и японских историков «Российско-японские отношения в формате параллельной истории», руководителем российской части авторского коллектива которой выступил ректор МГИМО-Университета А.В. Торкунов. Презентацию провели руководитель российского авторского коллектива А.В. Торкунов, заведующий кафедрой востоковедения Д.В. Стрельцов, координировавший работу авторского коллектива с российской стороны, и руководитель японской части авторского коллектива – профессор Университета Хосэй Симотомаи Нобуо.
Interacting bosons in topological optical flux lattices
Creators: name: Sterdyniak, A.
name: Bernevig, B. Andrei
name: Cooper, Nigel R.
name: Regnault, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An interesting route to the realization of topological Chern bands in ultracold atomic gases is through the use of optical flux lattices. These models differ from the tight-binding real-space lattice models of Chern insulators that are conventionally studied in solid-state contexts. Instead, they involve the coherent coupling of internal atomic (spin) states, and can be viewed as tight-binding models in reciprocal space. By changing the form of the coupling and the number $N$ of internal spin states, they give rise to Chern bands with controllable Chern number and with nearly flat energy dispersion. We investigate in detail how interactions between bosons occupying these bands can lead to the emergence of fractional quantum Hall states, such as the Laughlin and Moore-Read states. In order to test the experimental realization of these phases, we study their stability with respect to band dispersion and band mixing. We also probe novel topological phases that emerge in these systems when the Chern number is greater than 1.
description: 14 pages, 19 figures
Simulation of Thermal Surface Waves in a Protoplanetary Disk in a Two-Dimensional Approximation
Creators: name: Pavlyuchenkov, Ya. N.
name: Maksimova, L. A.
name: Akimkin, V. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Theoretical models predict that the obscuration of stellar radiation by irregularities on the surface of a protoplanetary disk can cause self-generating waves traveling towards the star. However, this process is traditionally simulated using the 1+1D approach, the key approximations of which - vertical hydrostatic equilibrium of the disk and vertical diffusion of IR radiation - can distort the picture. This article presents a two-dimensional radiative hydrodynamic model of the evolution of an axially symmetric gas and dust disk. Within this model, but using simplified assumptions from 1+1D models, we have reproduced the spontaneous generation and propagation of thermal surface waves. The key conclusion of our work is that taking into account two-dimensional hydrodynamics and diffusion of IR radiation suppresses the spontaneous generation and development of thermal waves observed in the 1+1D approximation. The search for the possibility of the existence of surface thermal waves should be continued by studying the problem for various parameters of protoplanetary disks.
description: Accepted for publication in Astronomy Reports (2022)
Polarization measurements analysis II. Best estimators of polarization fraction and angle
Creators: name: Montier, L.
name: Plaszczynski, S.
name: Levrier, F.
name: Tristram, M.
name: Alina, D.
name: Ristorcelli, I.
name: Bernard, J. -P.
name: Guillet, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With the forthcoming release of high precision polarization measurements, such as from the Planck satellite, it becomes critical to evaluate the performance of estimators for the polarization fraction and angle. These two physical quantities suffer from a well-known bias in the presence of measurement noise, as has been described in part I of this series. In this paper, part II of the series, we explore the extent to which various estimators may correct the bias. Traditional frequentist estimators of the polarization fraction are compared with two recent estimators: one inspired by a Bayesian analysis and a second following an asymptotic method. We investigate the sensitivity of these estimators to the asymmetry of the covariance matrix which may vary over large datasets. We present for the first time a comparison among polarization angle estimators, and evaluate the statistical bias on the angle that appears when the covariance matrix exhibits effective ellipticity. We also address the question of the accuracy of the polarization fraction and angle uncertainty estimators. The methods linked to the credible intervals and to the variance estimates are tested against the robust confidence interval method. From this pool of estimators, we build recipes adapted to different use-cases: build a mask, compute large maps, and deal with low S/N data. More generally, we show that the traditional estimators suffer from discontinuous distributions at low S/N, while the asymptotic and Bayesian methods do not. Attention is given to the shape of the output distribution of the estimators, and is compared with a Gaussian. In this regard, the new asymptotic method presents the best performance, while the Bayesian output distribution is shown to be strongly asymmetric with a sharp cut at low S/N.Finally, we present an optimization of the estimator derived from the Bayesian analysis using adapted priors.
ONLINE PRECEPTOR TRAINING MODULE TO IMPROVE THE CLINICAL EXPERIENCE
Creators: name: Butler, Erica
name: Holland, Michaela
name: Johnson, Alicia Aaron
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: clinical education
CRNA clinical educator
education module
precepting SRNA

description: The purpose of this project was to improve Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetist clinical educator’s knowledge, preceptor satisfaction, confidence, and comfort while precepting the Student Registered Nurse Anesthetist in the clinical setting. The project format was modeled after and adapted with permission from Dr. Mary Scott-Herring’s previous study. The in-person educational intervention from Dr. Mary Scott-Herring was adapted into an online education module to increase feasibility, ease, and cost-effectiveness. The online education module was created following a review of the needs assessment results collected from 44 Kaiser Permanente School of Anesthesia clinical coordinators. Pre and post-test data was collected before and after completion of the online module. Given the small sample size, non-parametric statistical tests best represented the data. A Spearman rank order correlation test revealed an inverse relationship between the number of years an individual had been a nurse and their confidence in precepting a Student Registered Nurse Anesthetist from a different ethnic background, suggesting generation gaps may exist in the clinical arena. Further studies with a different Likert scale, larger sample size, and incorporation of in-person and online learning may better determine the effect of a precepting module on Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetist clinical educators in the future. Due to the limited research on this topic, this study demonstrates the importance of continuing to discover innovative methods to support the key educators of Student Registered Nurse Anesthetists in the clinical setting.
Simulation of Head-on Collisions Between Filamentary Molecular Clouds Threaded by a Lateral Magnetic Field and Subsequent Evolution
Creators: name: Kashiwagi, Raiga
name: Iwasaki, Kazunari
name: Tomisaka, Kohji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Filamentary molecular clouds are regarded as the place where newborn stars are formed. In particular, a hub region, a place where it appears as if several filaments are colliding, often indicates active star formation. To understand the star formation in filament structures, we investigate the collisions between two filaments using two-dimensional magnetohydrodynamical simulations. As a model of filaments, we assume that the filaments are in magnetohydrostatic equilibrium under a global magnetic field perpendicular to the filament axis. We set two identical filaments with an infinite length and collided them with a zero-impact parameter (head-on). When the two filaments collide while sharing the same magnetic flux, we found two types of evolution after a merged filament is formed: runaway radial collapse and stable oscillation with a finite amplitude. The condition for the radial collapse is independent of the collision velocity and is given by the total line mass of the two filaments exceeding the magnetically critical line mass for which no magnetohydrostatic solution exists. The radial collapse proceeds in a self-similar manner, resulting in a unique distribution irrespective of the various initial line masses of the filament, as the collapse progresses. When the total line mass is less massive than the magnetically critical line mass, the merged filament oscillates, and the density distribution is well-fitted by a magnetohydrostatic equilibrium solution. The condition necessary for the radial collapse is also applicable to the collision whose direction is perpendicular to the global magnetic field.
description: 24 pages, 18 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Additional file 3 of The Physical Activity Wearables in the Police Force (PAW-Force) study: acceptability and impact
Creators: name: Buckingham, Sarah Ann
name: Morrissey, Karyn
name: Williams, Andrew James
name: Price, Lisa
name: Harrison, John
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 3. Characteristics of interview participants.
Domain Generalisation with Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Vision Transformers
Creators: name: Riaz, Hamza
name: Smeaton, Alan F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Domain generalisation involves pooling knowledge from source domain(s) into a single model that can generalise to unseen target domain(s). Recent research in domain generalisation has faced challenges when using deep learning models as they interact with data distributions which differ from those they are trained on. Here we perform domain generalisation on out-of-distribution (OOD) vision benchmarks using vision transformers. Initially we examine four vision transformer architectures namely ViT, LeViT, DeiT, and BEIT on out-of-distribution data. As the bidirectional encoder representation from image transformers (BEIT) architecture performs best, we use it in further experiments on three benchmarks PACS, Home-Office and DomainNet. Our results show significant improvements in validation and test accuracy and our implementation significantly overcomes gaps between within-distribution and OOD data.
description: 4 pages, accepted at the Irish Machine Vision and Image Processing Conference (IMVIP), Galway, August 2023
Clustering of gamma-ray selected 2LAC Fermi Blazars
Creators: name: Allevato, Viola
name: Finoguenov, Alexis
name: Cappelluti, Nico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first measurement of the projected correlation function of 485 gamma-ray selected Blazars, divided in 175 BLLacertae (BL Lacs) and 310 Flat Spectrum Radio Quasars (FSRQs) detected in the 2-year all-sky survey by Fermi-Large Area Telescope. We find that Fermi BL Lacs and FSRQs reside in massive dark matter halos (DMHs) with logMh=13.35+0.20/-0.14 and logMh = 13.40+0.15/-0.19 Msun/h, respectively, at low (z=0.4) and high (z =1.2) redshift. In terms of clustering properties, these results suggest that BL Lacs and FSRQs are similar objects residing in the same dense environment typical of galaxy groups, despite their different spectral energy distribution, power and accretion rate. We find no difference in the typical bias and hosting halo mass between Fermi Blazars and radio-loud AGN, supporting the unifcation scheme simply equating radio-loud objects with misaligned Blazar counterparts. This similarity in terms of typical environment they preferentially live in, suggests that Blazars preferentially occupy the centre of DMHs, as already pointed out for radio-loud AGN. This implies, in light of several projects looking for the gamma-ray emission from DM annihilation in galaxy clusters, a strong contamination from Blazars to the expected signal from DM annihilation.
description: Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal
Titanium and titanium oxides at the K- and L-edges: validating theoretical calculations of X-ray absorption and X-ray emission spectra with measurements
Creators: name: Bzheumikhova, Karina
name: Vinson, John
name: Unterumsberger, Rainer
name: Wansleben, Malte
name: Zech, Claudia
name: Schüler, Kai
name: Hönicke, Philipp
name: Beckhoff, Burkhard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using well-calibrated experimental data we validate theoretical X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) as well as X-ray emission spectroscopy (XES) calculations for titanium (Ti), titanium oxide (TiO), and titanium dioxide (TiO$_2$) at the Ti K- and L-edges as well as O K-edge. XAS and XES in combination with a multi-edge approach offer a detailed insight into the electronic structure of materials since both the occupied and unoccupied states, are probed. The experimental results are compared with ab initio calculations from the OCEAN package which uses the Bethe-Salpeter equation (BSE) approach. Using the same set of input parameters for each compound for calculations at different edges, the transferability of the OCEAN calculations across different spectroscopy methods and energy ranges is validated. Thus, the broad applicability for analysing and interpreting the electronic structure of materials with the OCEAN package is shown.
Liquid Argon Dielectric Breakdown Studies with the MicroBooNE Purification System
Creators: name: Acciarri, R.
name: Carls, B.
name: James, C.
name: Johnson, B.
name: Jostlein, H.
name: Lockwitz, S.
name: Lundberg, B.
name: Raaf, J. L.
name: Rameika, R.
name: Rebel, B.
name: Zeller, G. P.
name: Zuckerbrot, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The proliferation of liquid argon time projection chamber detectors makes the characterization of the dielectric properties of liquid argon a critical task. To improve understanding of these properties, a systematic study of the breakdown electric field in liquid argon was conducted using a dedicated cryostat connected to the MicroBooNE cryogenic system at Fermilab. An electrode sphere-plate geometry was implemented using spheres with diameters of 1.3 mm, 5.0 mm, and 76 mm. The MicroBooNE cryogenic system allowed measurements to be taken at a variety of electronegative contamination levels ranging from a few parts-per-million to tens of parts-per- trillion. The cathode-anode distance was varied from 0.1 mm to 2.5 cm. The results demonstrate a geometric dependence of the electric field strength at breakdown. This study is the first time that the dependence of the breakdown field on stressed cathode area has been shown for liquid argon.