cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Development of an index to define overall disease severity in IBD
Creators: name: Peyrin-Biroulet, Laurent
name: Mantzaris, Gerassimos J
name: Moum, Bjorn
name: Gasche, Christoph
name: Lakatos, Peter L
name: McGovern, Dermot P B
name: Gearry, Richard
name: Whitman, Cynthia B
name: Pallone, Francesco
name: Spiegel, Brennan M R
name: O'Morain, Colm
name: Bernstein, Charles N
name: Siegel, Corey A
name: Travis, Simon
name: Riddell, Robert
name: Panes, Julian
name: Colombel, Jean-Frederic
name: Danese, Silvio
name: Sandborn, William
name: Reinisch, Walter
name: Rogler, Gerhard
name: Silverberg, Mark S
name: Koutroubakis, Ioannis E
name: Loftus, Edward V
name: D'Haens, Geert
name: Hanauer, Stephen
name: Sands, Bruce
name: Panaccione, Remo
name: Tysk, Curt
name: Schreiber, Stefan
name: Feagan, Brian
name: Ng, Siew C
name: Griffiths, Anne
name: Kruis, Wolfgang
name: Sartor, Balfour
name: Halfvarson, Jonas
Publisher: name: BMJ
Year: 2016

description: BACKGROUND AND AIM: Disease activity for Crohn's disease (CD) and UC is typically defined based on symptoms at a moment in time, and ignores the long-term burden of disease. The aims of this study were to select the attributes determining overall disease severity, to rank the importance of and to score these individual attributes for both CD and UC.
METHODS: Using a modified Delphi panel, 14 members of the International Organization for the Study of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IOIBD) selected the most important attributes related to IBD. Eighteen IOIBD members then completed a statistical exercise (conjoint analysis) to create a relative ranking of these attributes. Adjusted utilities were developed by creating proportions for each level within an attribute.
RESULTS: For CD, 15.8% of overall disease severity was attributed to the presence of mucosal lesions, 10.9% to history of a fistula, 9.7% to history of abscess and 7.4% to history of intestinal resection. For UC, 18.1% of overall disease severity was attributed to mucosal lesions, followed by 14.0% for impact on daily activities, 11.2% C reactive protein and 10.1% for prior experience with biologics. Overall disease severity indices were created on a 100-point scale by applying each attribute's average importance to the adjusted utilities.
CONCLUSIONS: Based on specialist opinion, overall CD severity was associated more with intestinal damage, in contrast to overall UC disease severity, which was more dependent on symptoms and impact on daily life. Once validated, disease severity indices may provide a useful tool for consistent assessment of overall disease severity in patients with IBD.
Maternal blood lead concentrations, DNA methylation of MEG3 DMR regulating the DLK1/MEG3 imprinted domain and early growth in a multiethnic cohort
Creators: name: Darrah, Thomas H.
name: Hoyo, Cathrine
name: King, Katherine E.
name: Huang, Zhiqing
name: Maguire, Rachel
name: Nye, Monica D.
name: Mendez, Michelle A.
name: Jirtle, Randy L.
name: Fry, Rebecca C.
name: Murphy, Susan K.
name: Jima, Dereje D.
Publisher: name: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Year: 2016

description: Prenatal exposure to lead (Pb) is known to decrease fetal growth; but its effects on postnatal growth and mechanistic insights linking Pb to growth are not clearly defined. Genomically imprinted genes are powerful regulators of growth and energy utilization, and may be particularly vulnerable to environmental Pb exposure. Because imprinting is established early and maintained via DNA methylation, we hypothesized that prenatal Pb exposure alters DNA methylation of imprinted genes resulting in lower birth weight and rapid growth. Pb was measured by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) in peripheral blood of 321 women of the Newborn Epigenetic STudy (NEST) obtained at gestation ~12 weeks. Linear and logistic regression models were used to evaluate associations between maternal Pb levels, methylation of differentially methylated regions (DMRs) regulating H19, MEG3, PEG3, and PLAGL1, measured by pyrosequencing, birth weight, and weight-for-height z score gains between birth and age 1yr, ages 1-2yrs, and 2-3yrs. Children born to women with Pb levels in the upper tertile had higher methylation of the regulatory region of the MEG3 DMR imprinted domain (β= 1.57, se= 0.82, p= 0.06). Pb levels were also associated with lower birth weight (β= -0.41, se= 0.15, p= 0.01) and rapid gains in adiposity (OR= 12.32, 95%CI=1.25-121.30, p= 0.03) by age 2-3 years. These data provide early human evidence for Pb associations with hypermethylation at the MEG3 DMR regulatory region and rapid adiposity gain-a risk factor for childhood obesity and cardiometabolic diseases in adulthood.
Sleep Quality Predicts Persistence of Parental Postpartum Depressive Symptoms and Transmission of Depressive Symptoms from Mothers to Fathers
Creators: name: Schetter, Christine Dunkel
name: Saxbe, Darby E.
name: Vance, Maxine
name: Thorp, John
name: Shalowitz, Madeleine U.
name: Guardino, Christine M.
name: Ramey, Sharon L.
Publisher: name: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Year: 2016

description: BACKGROUND: Early parenthood is a time of chronic sleep disturbance and also of heightened depression risk. Poor sleep quality has been identified both as a predictor of postpartum depressive symptoms and as a consequence.
PURPOSE: This study sought to clarify causal pathways linking sleep and postpartum depression via longitudinal path modeling. Sleep quality at 6 months postpartum was hypothesized to exacerbate depressive symptoms from 1 month through 1 year postpartum in both mothers and fathers. Within-couple associations between sleep and depression were also tested.
METHODS: Data were drawn from a low-income, racially and ethnically diverse sample of 711 couples recruited after the birth of a child. Depressive symptoms were assessed at 1, 6, and 12 months postpartum, and sleep was assessed at 6 months postpartum.
RESULTS: For both partnered mothers and fathers and for single mothers, depressive symptoms at 1 month postpartum predicted sleep quality at 6 months, which in turn predicted depressive symptoms at both 6 and 12 months. Results held when infant birth weight, breastfeeding status, and parents' race/ethnicity, poverty, education, and immigration status were controlled. Mothers' and fathers' sleep quality and depressive symptoms were correlated, and maternal sleep quality predicted paternal depressive symptoms both at 6 and at 12 months.
CONCLUSIONS: Postpartum sleep difficulties may contribute to a vicious cycle between sleep and the persistence of depression after the birth of a child. Sleep problems may also contribute to the transmission of depression within a couple. Psychoeducation and behavioral treatments to improve sleep may benefit new parents.
Population Pharmacokinetics and Exploratory Pharmacodynamics of Lorazepam in Pediatric Status Epilepticus
Creators: name: Best Pharmaceuticals for Children Act – Pediatric Trials Network Steering Committee
name: Harper, Barrie
name: Guptill, Jeffrey T.
name: Zhao, Jian
name: Chamberlain, James M.
name: Cohen-Wolkowiez, Michael
name: Capparelli, Edmund V.
name: Gonzalez, Daniel
Publisher: name: Springer Nature
Year: 2016

description: Background Lorazepam is one of the preferred agents used for intravenous treatment of status epilepticus (SE). We combined data from two pediatric clinical trials to characterize the population pharmacokinetics of intravenous lorazepam in infants and children aged 3 months to 17 years with active SE or a history of SE. Methods We developed a population pharmacokinetic model for lorazepam using the NONMEM software. We then assessed exploratory exposure–response relationships using the overall efficacy and safety study endpoints, and performed dosing simulations. Results A total of 145 patients contributed 439 pharmacokinetic samples. The median (range) age and dose were 5.4 years (0.3–17.8) and 0.10 mg/kg (0.02–0.18), respectively. A two-compartment pharmacokinetic model with allometric scaling described the data well. In addition to total body weight (WT), younger age was associated with slightly higher weight-normalized clearance (CL). The following relationships characterized the typical values for the central compartment volume (V1), CL, peripheral compartment volume (V2), and intercompartmental CL (Q), using individual subject WT (kg) and age (years): V1 (L) = 0.879*WT; CL (L/h) = 0.115*(Age/4.7)0.133*WT0.75; V2 (L) = 0.542*V1; Q (L/h) = 1.45*WT0.75. No pharmacokinetic parameters were associated with clinical outcomes. Simulations suggest uniform pediatric dosing (0.1 mg/kg, to a maximum of 4 mg) can be used to achieve concentrations of 50–100 ng/mL in children with SE, which have been previously associated with effective seizure control. Conclusions The population pharmacokinetics of lorazepam were successfully described using a sparse sampling approach and a two-compartment model in pediatric patients with active SE.
Pooled analysis of active cigarette smoking and invasive breast cancer risk in 14 cohort studies
Creators: name: Thun, Michael J
name: Giles, Graham G
name: Brinton, Louise A
name: Weiderpass, Elisabete
name: Carter, Brian D
name: Butler, Lesley M
name: Freeman, Laura E Beane
name: Robien, Kim
name: Gaudet, Mia M
name: Anderson, Kristin E
name: Sandler, Dale P
name: White, Emily
name: Margolis, Karen L
name: Adami, Hans-Olov
name: Feskanich, Diane
name: Gram, Inger T
name: Milne, Roger L
name: Chen, Wendy Y
name: Gapstur, Susan M
name: Falk, Roni T
name: Isaacs, Claudine
name: Nyante, Sarah J
name: Braaten, Tonje
name: Luo, Juhua
name: Koh, Woon-Puay
name: Wolk, Alicja
Publisher: name: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Year: 2016

description: Background: The 2014 US Surgeon General's report noted research gaps necessary to determine a causal relationship between active cigarette smoking and invasive breast cancer risk, including the role of alcohol consumption, timing of exposure, modification by menopausal status and heterogeneity by oestrogen receptor (ER) status.
Methods: To address these issues, we pooled data from 14 cohort studies contributing 934 681 participants (36 060 invasive breast cancer cases). Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to calculate multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).
Results: Smoking duration before first birth was positively associated with risk ( P -value for trend = 2 × 10 -7 ) with the highest HR for initiation >10 years before first birth (HR = 1.18, CI 1.12-1.24). Effect modification by current alcohol consumption was evident for the association with smoking duration before first birth ( P -value=2×10 -4 ); compared with never-smoking non-drinkers, initiation >10 years before first birth was associated with risk in every category of alcohol intake, including non-drinkers (HR = 1.15, CI 1.04-1.28) and those who consumed at least three drinks per day (1.85, 1.55-2.21). Associations with smoking before first birth were limited to risk of ER+ breast cancer ( P -value for homogeneity=3×10 -3 ). Other smoking timing and duration characteristics were associated with risk even after controlling for alcohol, but were not associated with risk in non-drinkers. Effect modification by menopause was not evident.
Conclusions: Smoking, particularly if initiated before first birth, was modestly associated with ER+ breast cancer risk that was not confounded by amount of adult alcohol intake. Possible links with breast cancer provide additional motivation for young women to not initiate smoking.
Erratum to: I Keep my Problems to Myself: Negative Social Network Orientation, Social Resources, and Health-Related Quality of Life in Cancer Survivors
Creators: name: Symes, Yael
name: Campo, Rebecca A.
name: Wu, Lisa M.
name: Rini, Christine
name: Austin, Jane
Publisher: name: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Year: 2016

description: N/A
Interventions to reduce childhood antibiotic prescribing for upper respiratory infections: systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Yin, Jia
name: Chou, Roger
name: Wu, Xinyin
name: Walley, John
name: Wei, Xiaolin
name: Harwell, Joseph I
name: Hu, Yanhong
name: Tucker, Joseph D
name: Zou, Guanyang
Publisher: name: BMJ
Year: 2016

description: BACKGROUND: Antibiotics are overprescribed for children with upper respiratory infections (URIs), leading to unnecessary expenditures, adverse events and antibiotic resistance. This study assesses whether interventions antibiotic prescription rates (APR) for childhood URIs can be reduced and what factors impact intervention effectiveness.
METHODS: MEDLINE, Embase, Google Scholar, Web of Science, Global Health, WHO website, United States CDC website and The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) were searched by December 2015. Cluster or individual-patient randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and non-RCTs that examined interventions to change APR for children with URIs were selected for meta-analysis. Educational interventions for clinicians and/or parents were compared with usual care.
RESULTS: Of 6074 studies identified, 13 were included. All were conducted in high-income countries. Interventions were associated with lower APR versus usual care (OR 0.63 (95% CI 0.50 to 0.81, p<0.001). A patient-clinician communication approach was the most effective type of intervention, with a pooled OR 0.41 (95% CI 0.20 to 0.83; p<0.001) for clinicians and 0.26 (95% CI 0.08 to 0.91; p=0.04) for parents. Interventions that targeted clinicians and parents were significant, with a pooled OR of 0.52 (95% CI 0.35 to 0.78; p=0.002). Insignificant effects were observed for targeting clinicians and parents alone, with a pooled OR of 0.88 (95% CI 0.67 to 1.16; p=0.37) and 0.50 (95% CI 0.10 to 2.51, p=0.40), respectively.
CONCLUSIONS: Educational interventions are effective in reducing antibiotic prescribing for childhood URIs. Interventions targeting clinicians and parents are more effective than those for either group alone. The most effective interventions address patient-clinician communication. Studies in low-income to middle-income countries are needed.
Social Orienting and Attention Is Influenced by the Presence of Competing Nonsocial Information in Adolescents with Autism
Creators: name: Sasson, Noah J.
name: Shafer, Robin L.
name: Miller, Stephanie J.
name: Unruh, Kathryn E.
name: Whitten, Allison
name: Turner-Brown, Lauren
name: Bodfish, James W.
Publisher: name: Frontiers
Year: 2016

description: Background: Our experiences with the world play a critical role in neural and behavioral development. Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) spend a disproportionate amount of time seeking out, attending to, and engaging with aspects of their environment that are largely nonsocial in nature. In this study we adapted an established method for eliciting and quantifying aspects of visual choice behavior related to preference to test the hypothesis that preference for nonsocial sources of stimulation diminishes orientation and attention to social sources of stimulation in children with ASD. Method: Preferential viewing tasks can serve as objective measures of preference, with a greater proportion of viewing time to one item indicative of increased preference. The current task used gaze-tracking technology to examine patterns of visual orientation and attention to stimulus pairs that varied in social (faces) and nonsocial content (high autism interest or low autism interest). Participants included both adolescents diagnosed with ASD and typically developing; groups were matched on IQ and gender. Results: Repeated measures ANOVA revealed that individuals with ASD had a significantly greater latency to first fixate on social images when this image was paired with a high autism interest image, compared to a low autism interest image pairing. Participants with ASD showed greater total look time to objects, while typically developing participants preferred to look at faces. Groups also differed in number and average duration of fixations to social and object images. In the ASD group only, a measure of nonsocial interest was associated with reduced preference for social images when paired with high autism interest images. Conclusions: In ASD, the presence of nonsocial sources of stimulation can significantly increase the latency of look time to social sources of information. These results suggest that atypicalities in social motivation in ASD may be context-dependent, with a greater degree of plasticity than is assumed by existing social motivation accounts of ASD.
Growth, nutrient uptake, blood metabolites and bone properties in broilers consuming feed with mineral-enriched whole black soldier fly larvae
Creators: name: Seyedalmoosavi, M.M.
name: Daş, G.
name: Mielenz, M.
name: Maak, S.
name: Wolf, P.
name: Metges, C.C.
Publisher: name: Brill Online
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 309999
subject: Other agricultural, veterinary and food sciences not elsewhere classified

description: The recycling of minerals is crucial for the future circular agriculture. Black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) can accumulate minerals in their body. This study investigated the effects of adding mineral-enriched BSFL, grown on substrates containing sewage sludge recyclates (SSR), to broiler feed to reintroduce minerals from waste streams currently subject to regulatory restrictions back into the nutrient cycle. Feed, nutrient, mineral and heavy metal intake, growth, blood metabolites and immunoglobulins, bone characteristics and mineral status of broilers were studied in response to different mineral-enriched BSFL supplements. Eighty newly-hatched mixed-sex Ross 308 chicks were divided into four groups, with six replicate pens per group. BSFL used in the broiler experiment were grown either on a modified Gainesville fly diet (FD) (L-FD) or on FD supplemented with 4% of sewage sludge biochar (L-BCH), or on the FD supplemented with single-superphosphate SSR (L-SSP). All broilers were fed age-specific diets and either had no access to BSFL (CON) or received 15% of CON birds’ feed intake as defrosted BSFL from three different sources. Inclusion of 15% of mineral-enriched whole BSFL in broiler rations had no adverse effects on growth performance parameters, nutrient intakes, nutrient conversion efficiency, plasma metabolites and immunoglobulins (P > 0.05). Birds in BSFL supply groups had higher serum Ca concentrations than CON birds (P < 0.05). L-BCH supplied birds had a lower serum P than CON birds (P < 0.05). Tibial characteristics and mineral status of birds were not affected by larvae supply (P > 0.05). Heavy metal intake (manganese, iron, zinc, copper, arsenic, cadmium, lead, and mercury) of the birds was not affected by dietary treatments (P > 0.05). In conclusion, 15% of mineral-enriched-BSFL reared on SSP can be included in broiler diets for 42 experimental days without adverse effects on nutrient intakes, growth performance parameters and bone condition.
Friends' drinking norms and male adolescents' alcohol consumption: The moderating role of performance‐based peer influence susceptibility
Creators: name: Kuntsche, Emmanuel
name: Scholte, Ron H.J.
name: Engels, Rutger C.M.E.
name: Spijkerman, Renske
name: Teunissen, Hanneke A.
name: Prinstein, Mitchell J.
Publisher: name: Wiley
Year: 2016

description: This study examined whether the relationship between friends' drinking norms and male adolescents' alcohol use is moderated by performance-based peer influence susceptibility. Seventy-three male adolescents (M = 17 years) from three schools in the Netherlands were exposed to the drinking norms of "peers" (electronic confederates) in a chat room experiment. These peers were either popular or unpopular, and conveyed pro- or anti-alcohol norms. Peer influence susceptibility was defined as the change in adolescents' answers before and after exposure to the peer norms. Multilevel regression analyses indicated that the relationship between friends' drinking norms and adolescents' alcohol use (assessed during eight weekends) was moderated by susceptibility to the pro-alcohol norms of popular peers. This relationship was stronger for adolescents who were highly susceptible. These findings suggest that a behavioral measure of peer influence susceptibility could be useful in alcohol prevention programs to select adolescents at risk for negative peer socialization.
Prescription Drug Use and Polypharmacy Among Medicaid-Enrolled Adults with Autism: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Analysis
Creators: name: Dwibedi, Nilanjana
name: Madhavan, Suresh
name: Ajmera, Mayank
name: Poe, Susannah
name: StPeter, Claire
name: Sambamoorthi, Usha
name: Vohra, Rini
Publisher: name: Springer Nature
Year: 2016

description: Background A lack of gold standard treatment for autism spectrum disorders (ASD), no clear ASD management guidelines, and lack of evidence-based pharmacological interventions other than aripiprazole and risperidone elevate the risk of off-label prescribing and adverse effects among individuals with ASD, more so among adults. Objective The aim of this study was to identify and compare the types of prescription drug use, rates of polypharmacy, and characteristics associated with polypharmacy among adults with and without ASD in a retrospective cross-sectional analysis of a three-state Medicaid Analytic eXtract database (2000–2008). Methods Adults aged 22–64 years with ASD (ICD9-CM code: 299.xx) were propensity score-matched to ‘no ASD’ controls by age, sex, and race. General polypharmacy (≥6 unique classes of prescription drugs in a year) and psychotropic polypharmacy (≥3 unique prescription drug classes of psychotropic medications within a 90-day period) were the main study outcomes. Chi-square tests for rates, t tests for mean number of claims, and multivariate logistic regressions for likelihood of prescription drug use and polypharmacy were run. Results Annually, almost 75% of adults with ASD had >20 prescription drug claims compared with 33% of adults without ASD. Around 85% of adults with ASD used at least one psychotropic drug class compared with 42% of adults without ASD. Highly common psychotropics were antipsychotics (66%ASD vs 20%noASD), anticonvulsants (59%ASD vs 20%noASD), and anxiolytics/hypnotics/sedatives (21%ASD vs 11%noASD). Other than psychotropics, many adults with ASD used medical prescription drugs such as antimicrobials (47%), dermatologic agents (48%), respiratory agents (38%), gastrointestinal agents (31%), alternative medications (25%), antiparkinsonian agents (22.6%), antihyperlipidemics/statins (7.3%), and immunologics (2.0%). Rates of general (48%ASD vs 32%noASD) and psychotropic polypharmacy (19%ASD vs 6%noASD) were significantly higher in the ASD group.  Conclusion Prescription drug use and polypharmacy rates among adults with ASD are substantially higher than those in an age-, sex-, and race-matched cohort of adults without ASD. Adults with ASD frequently use therapeutic treatments other than psychotropics. Healthcare providers, who usually report low confidence in treating patients with ASD, should play an active role in constant monitoring of prescription drug use patterns and patient response to interventions. Prescribers and caregivers are encouraged to make decisions after weighing the benefits and risks associated with a pharmacological treatment. Further investigations into the common use of any alternative treatments that can affect a patient’s response to core treatments should also be conducted.
BIM-Based Optimum Design and Energy Performance Assessment of Residential Buildings
Creators: name: REZASOROUSH, ABDULAMIR
name: Amani, Nima
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 400501
subject: Architectural engineering
classificationCode: 400504
subject: Construction engineering
classificationCode: 400505
subject: Construction materials
classificationCode: 400808
subject: Photovoltaic power systems
classificationCode: 401102
subject: Environmentally sustainable engineering
classificationCode: 401105
subject: Life cycle assessment and industrial ecology
classificationCode: 401703
subject: Energy generation, conversion and storage (excl. chemical and electrical)
classificationCode: 330101
subject: Architectural computing and visualisation methods
classificationCode: 330102
subject: Architectural design
classificationCode: 330110
subject: Sustainable architecture
classificationCode: 330202
subject: Building construction management and project planning
classificationCode: 330204
subject: Building information modelling and management
classificationCode: 330201
subject: Automation and technology in building and construction
classificationCode: 330206
subject: Building science, technologies and systems
classificationCode: 330301
subject: Data visualisation and computational (incl. parametric and generative) design
classificationCode: 330305
subject: Design management
classificationCode: 330311
subject: Models and simulations of design
classificationCode: 330314
subject: Sustainable design
classificationCode: 330203
subject: Building industry studies
classificationCode: 330306
subject: Design practice and methods

description: Buildings are the largest energy consumer in the world, according to the United Nations Environment Program. Most of the energy will be used during the building life-cycle stage. Thus, achieving sustainable development at the national level requires minimizing the impact of buildings on the environment by reducing energy consumption. Using Building Information Modeling technology in energy performance assessment could be significantly reduced time and cost. This study aimed to optimize energy consumption in a residential building using BIM technology. The main focus of this study was to evaluate energy performance through the simultaneous evaluation of building components using BIM technology with a conceptual design approach, comparison, and reduction of energy consumption. To investigate different design ideas were created several conceptual masses in Autodesk Revit software with a top-down design approach. After reviewing the conceptual masses, the main building form was chosen for modeling. Then, building energy consumption was computed using related tools in this field, based on the type of materials, equipment, and project location. Finally, the most optimal mode was selected by examining different energy consumption forms. The results of parametric studies on alternative schemes of energy optimization showed that 58.46% of energy cost savings could be achieved compared to the initial model of the building on a 30-year time horizon.
Early extubation in pediatric heart surgery across a spectrum of case complexity: Impact on hospital length of stay and chest tube days
Creators: name: Gunther, Greer
name: Nelson, Jennifer
name: Ferns, Sunita
name: Edwards, Lloyd
name: Beamer, Staci
Publisher: name: Elsevier
Year: 2016

description: Early extubation is increasingly common in congenital heart surgery, but there are limited outcomes data across the spectrum of case complexity. We performed a retrospective review of 201 pediatric operations using cardiopulmonary bypass between 2012 and 2014. Patients extubated in the operating room or immediately on arrival to the ICU were compared to those extubated by traditional protocols. In-hospital mortality, major complications, need for re-intubation, hospital length of stay, and chest-tube days were compared between groups and by Society of Thoracic Surgeons-European Association for Cardiothoracic Surgery Congenital Heart Surgery (STAT) mortality category. Outcome measures of hospital length of stay and chest tube days were analyzed using multivariable regression modeling. Early extubation subjects were older, weighed more, had shorter bypass and aortic cross-clamp time, more often received caudal anesthesia, and had shorter hospital length of stay and fewer chest tube days. Subjects not extubated early had more chromosomal abnormalities, more preoperative co-morbidities, and had more major complications. Inhospital death, major complications, and re-intubation were rare outcomes for both groups across all STAT categories. Multivariable regression analysis showed that cardiopulmonary bypass time was a significant predictor of hospital length of stay and chest tube days. Hospital LOS and chest tube days were significantly lower for the early extubation group in both the unadjusted and adjusted analyses. Early extubation can be performed safely in congenital heart surgery across a spectrum of case complexity. No increased early mortality or re-intubation was observed with early extubation although there were important differences between the groups that merits further study. The potential benefits of early extubation include decreased hospital length of stay and fewer chest tube days, particularly in young children and patients with long bypass times.
Response of the topological surface state to surface disorder in TIBiSe2
Creators: name: Pielmeier, Florian
name: Landolt, Gabriel
name: Slomski, Bartosz
name: Muff, Stefan
name: Berwanger, Julian
name: Eich, Andreas
name: Khajetoorians, Alexander A.
name: Wiebe, Jens
name: Aliev, Ziya S.
name: Babanly, Mahammad B.
name: Wiesendanger, Roland
name: Osterwalder, Jürg
name: Chulkov, Evgueni V.
name: Giessibl, Franz J.
name: Dil, J. Hugo
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: topological insulator, topological surface state, scanning tunneling microscopy, atomic force microscopy, angle resolved photoemission spectroscopy
subject: 530 Physik

description: Through a combination of experimental techniques we show that the topmost layer of the topological insulator TlBiSe2 as prepared by cleavage is formed by irregularly shaped Tl islands at cryogenic temperatures and by mobile Tl atoms at room temperature. No trivial surface states are observed in photoemission at low temperatures, which suggests that these islands cannot be regarded as a clear surface termination. The topological surface state is, however, clearly resolved in photoemission experiments.
This is interpreted as direct evidence of its topological self-protection and shows the robust nature of the Dirac cone-like surface state. Our results can also help explain the apparent mass acquisition in Sdoped TlBiSe2.
Payerne. Stiftskirche : Tour de S. Michel. aufgetragen
Creators: name: Rahn, Johann Rudolf
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1860
Subjects: Payerne

description: [Johann Rudolf Rahn]
description: Aus dem Nachlass Johann Rudolf Rahn Exemplar der Zentralbibliothek Zürich, Graphische Sammlung und Fotoarchiv
A Longitudinal Analysis of Outcomes of Lupus Nephritis in an International Inception Cohort Using a Multistate Model Approach
Creators: name: Urowitz, Murray B
name: Merrill, Joan T
name: Kalunian, Kenneth C
name: Theriault, Chris
name: Isenberg, David A
name: Hanly, John G
name: Aranow, Cynthia
name: Fessler, Barri J
name: Ruiz-Irastorza, Guillermo
name: Askanase, Anca
name: Fortin, Paul
name: Jacobsen, Soren
name: Manzi, Susan
name: Alarcón, Graciela S
name: Sturfelt, Gunnar K
name: Petri, Michelle
name: van Vollenhoven, Ronald F
name: Clarke, Ann E
name: Bruce, Ian N
name: Steinsson, Kristjan
name: Sanchez-Guerrero, Jorge
name: Dooley, M A
name: Peschken, Christine A
name: Bae, Sang-Cheol
name: Romero-Diaz, Juanita
name: Gladman, Dafna D
name: Bernatsky, Sasha
name: Gordon, Caroline
name: Lim, S Sam
name: Inanc, Murat
name: Farewell, Vernon
name: Ginzler, Ellen M
name: Ramos-Casals, Manuel
name: Su, Li
name: Wallace, Daniel J
name: Zoma, Asad A
name: Khamashta, Munther A
name: Rahman, Anisur
name: Ramsey-Goldman, Rosalind
name: Kamen, Diane L
name: Nived, Ola
Publisher: name: Wiley
Year: 2016

description: OBJECTIVE: To study bidirectional change and predictors of change in estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and proteinuria in lupus nephritis (LN) using a multistate modeling approach.
METHODS: Patients in the Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics inception cohort were classified annually into estimated GFR state 1 (>60 ml/minute), state 2 (30-60 ml/minute), or state 3 (<30 ml/minute) and estimated proteinuria state 1 (<0.25 gm/day), state 2 (0.25-3.0 gm/day), or state 3 (>3.0 gm/day), or end-stage renal disease (ESRD) or death. Using multistate modeling, relative transition rates between states indicated improvement and deterioration.
RESULTS: Of 1,826 lupus patients, 700 (38.3%) developed LN. During a mean ± SD follow-up of 5.2 ± 3.5 years, the likelihood of improvement in estimated GFR and estimated proteinuria was greater than the likelihood of deterioration. After 5 years, 62% of patients initially in estimated GFR state 3 and 11% of patients initially in estimated proteinuria state 3 transitioned to ESRD. The probability of remaining in the initial states 1, 2, and 3 was 85%, 11%, and 3%, respectively, for estimated GFR and 62%, 29%, and 4%, respectively, for estimated proteinuria. Male sex predicted improvement in estimated GFR states; older age, race/ethnicity, higher estimated proteinuria state, and higher renal biopsy chronicity scores predicted deterioration. For estimated proteinuria, race/ethnicity, earlier calendar years, damage scores without renal variables, and higher renal biopsy chronicity scores predicted deterioration; male sex, presence of lupus anticoagulant, class V nephritis, and mycophenolic acid use predicted less improvement.
CONCLUSION: In LN, the expected improvement or deterioration in renal outcomes can be estimated by multistate modeling and is preceded by identifiable risk factors. New therapeutic interventions for LN should meet or exceed these expectations.
The MERTK/FLT3 inhibitor MRX-2843 overcomes resistance-conferring FLT3 mutations in acute myeloid leukemia
Creators: name: Kirkpatrick, Gregory D.
name: Jordan, Craig T.
name: Frye, Stephen V.
name: Smith, Catherine C.
name: Kireev, Dmitri
name: Minson, Katherine A.
name: Lasater, Elisabeth A.
name: Zhang, Weihe
name: Graham, Douglas K.
name: Shah, Neil P.
name: Huey, Madeline G.
name: Libbrecht, Clara
name: DeRyckere, Deborah
name: Stashko, Michael A.
name: Earp, H. Shelton
name: Lee-Sherick, Alisa B.
name: Wang, Xiaodong
Publisher: name: American Society for Clinical Investigation
Year: 2016

description: FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3-targeted (FLT3-targeted) therapies have shown initial promise for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) expressing FLT3-activating mutations; however, resistance emerges rapidly. Furthermore, limited options exist for the treatment of FLT3-independent AML, demonstrating the need for novel therapies that reduce toxicity and improve survival. MERTK receptor tyrosine kinase is overexpressed in 80% to 90% of AMLs and contributes to leukemogenesis. Here, we describe MRX-2843, a type 1 small-molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitor that abrogates activation of both MERTK and FLT3 and their downstream effectors. MRX-2843 treatment induces apoptosis and inhibits colony formation in AML cell lines and primary patient samples expressing MERTK and/or FLT3-ITD, with a wide therapeutic window compared with that of normal human cord blood cells. In murine orthotopic xenograft models, once-daily oral therapy prolonged survival 2- to 3-fold over that of vehicle-treated controls. Additionally, MRX-2843 retained activity against quizartinib-resistant FLT3-ITD-mutant proteins with clinically relevant alterations at the D835 or F691 loci and prolonged survival in xenograft models of quizartinib-resistant AML. Together, these observations validate MRX-2843 as a translational agent and support its clinical development for the treatment of AML.
Energy Consumption Management of Commercial Buildings by Optimizing the Angle of Solar Panels
Creators: name: REZASOROUSH, ABDULAMIR
name: Amani, Nima
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 330110
subject: Sustainable architecture
classificationCode: 330202
subject: Building construction management and project planning
classificationCode: 330206
subject: Building science, technologies and systems
classificationCode: 330311
subject: Models and simulations of design
classificationCode: 330314
subject: Sustainable design
classificationCode: 400501
subject: Architectural engineering
classificationCode: 400504
subject: Construction engineering
classificationCode: 400505
subject: Construction materials
classificationCode: 400808
subject: Photovoltaic power systems
classificationCode: 400910
subject: Photovoltaic devices (solar cells)
classificationCode: 401102
subject: Environmentally sustainable engineering

description: One of the main reasons for environmental pollution is energy consumption in buildings. Today, the use of renewable energy sources is increasing dramatically. Among these sources, solar energy has favorable costs for various applications. This study examined a commercial building in a hot and humid climate. The findings showed that choosing the optimal angle of solar panels with the goal of optimized energy consumption would yield reduced costs and fewer environmental pollutants with the least cost and maximum energy absorption. In this study, to calculate the energy requirements of the building, DesignBuilder software was used. To study the solar angles and estimate the energy produced by the solar panels, Polysun software was used after simulating the building energy. Energy simulation results showed that the whole building’s energy consumption was 26,604 kWh/year. Finally, the evaluation results of solar panels showed that the energy produced by photovoltaic modules at an optimal angle of 31° would be equal to 26,978 kWh/year, which is more than the energy required by the building. This system can prevent 14,471 kg of carbon dioxide emissions annually. In this study, sustainable energy criteria showed that photovoltaic modules can be used in energy production to achieve a zero-energy system connected to the grid with an annual energy balance.
MACE CT Reconstruction for Modular Material Decomposition from Photon-Counting CT Data
Creators: name: Jadue, Natalie Marie
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 490199
subject: Applied mathematics not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 460303
subject: Computational imaging

description: X-ray computed tomography (CT) based on photon counting detectors (PCD) extends standard CT by counting detected photons in multiple energy bins. PCD data can be used to increase the contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR), increase spatial resolution, reduce radiation dose, reduce injected contrast dose, and compute a material decomposition using a specified set of basis materials [1]. Current commercial and prototype clinical photon counting CT systems utilize PCD-CT reconstruction methods that either reconstruct from each spectral bin separately, or first create an estimate of a material sinogram using a specified set of basis materials and then reconstruct from these material sinograms. However, existing methods are not able to utilize simultaneously and in a modular fashion both the measured spectral information and advanced prior models in order to produce a material decomposition. We describe an efficient, modular framework for PCD-based CT reconstruction and material decomposition using Multi-Agent Consensus Equilibrium (MACE). Portions of this dissertation appear in [2]. Our method employs a detector proximal map or agent that uses PCD measurements to update an estimate of the path length sinogram. We also create a prior agent in the form of a sinogram denoiser that enforces both physical and empirical knowledge about the material-decomposed sinogram. The sinogram reconstruction is computed using the MACE algorithm, which finds an equilibrium solution between the two agents, and the final image is reconstructed from the estimated sinogram. Importantly, the modularity of our method allows the two agents to be designed, implemented, and optimized independently. Our results on simulated data show a substantial (2-3 times) noise reduction vs conventional maximum likelihood reconstruction when applied to a phantom used to evaluate low contrast detectability. Our results with measured data show an even higher reduction (2-12 times) in noise standard deviation. Lastly, we demonstrate our method on a Lungman phantom that more realistically represents the human body.
Stress and Withdrawal from Chronic Ethanol Induce Selective Changes in Neuroimmune mRNAs in Differing Brain Sites
Creators: name: Harper, Kathryn M.
name: Knapp, Darin J.
name: Breese, George R.
name: Whitman, Buddy A.
name: Zimomra, Zachary
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2016

description: Stress is a strong risk factor in alcoholic relapse and may exert effects that mimic aspects of chronic alcohol exposure on neurobiological systems. With the neuroimmune system becoming a prominent focus in the study of the neurobiological consequences of stress, as well as chronic alcohol exposure proving to be a valuable focus in this regard, the present study sought to compare the effects of stress and chronic ethanol exposure on induction of components of the neuroimmune system. Rats were exposed to either 1 h exposure to a mild stressor (restraint) or exposure to withdrawal from 15 days of chronic alcohol exposure (i.e., withdrawal from chronic ethanol, WCE) and assessed for neuroimmune mRNAs in brain. Restraint stress alone elevated chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 (CCL2), interleukin-1-beta (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) and toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) mRNAs in the cerebral cortex within 4 h with a return to a control level by 24 h. These increases were not accompanied by an increase in corresponding proteins. Withdrawal from WCE also elevated cytokines, but did so to varying degrees across different cytokines and brain regions. In the cortex, stress and WCE induced CCL2, TNFα, IL-1β, and TLR4 mRNAs. In the hypothalamus, only WCE induced cytokines (CCL2 and IL-1β) while in the hippocampus, WCE strongly induced CCL2 while stress and WCE induced IL-1β. In the amygdala, only WCE induced CCL2. Finally-based on the previously demonstrated role of corticotropin-releasing factor 1 (CRF1) receptor inhibition in blocking WCE-induced cytokine mRNAs-the CRF1 receptor antagonist CP154,526 was administered to a subgroup of stressed rats and found to be inactive against induction of CCL2, TNFα, or IL-1β mRNAs. These differential results suggest that stress and WCE manifest broad neuroimmune effects in brain depending on the cytokine and brain region, and that CRF inhibition may not be a relevant mechanism in non-alcohol exposed animals. Overall, these effects are complex in terms of their neuroimmune targets and neuroanatomical specificity. Further investigation of the differential distribution of cytokine induction across neuroanatomical regions, individual cell types (e.g., neuronal phenotypes and glia), severity of chronic alcohol exposure, as well as across differing stress types may prove useful in understanding differential mechanisms of induction and for targeting select systems for pharmacotherapeutic intervention in alcoholism.
IBD LIVE Case Series—Case 6: Persistent Skin Lesions in a Patient with Crohn's Disease: You Hear Hoof Beats and Discover a Zebra
Creators: name: Williams, Emmanuelle D.
name: Regueiro, Miguel D.
name: Greer, Julia B.
name: Cross, Raymond K.
name: Goyal, Alka
name: Hartman, Douglas J.
name: Siegel, Corey A.
name: Herfarth, Hans H.
name: Rajan, Dhyan
name: Koutroubakis, Ioannis E.
name: Farraye, Francis A.
name: Brand, Myron H.
name: Binion, David G.
name: Baidoo, Leonard
Publisher: name: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Year: 2016

description: LEARNING OBJECTIVES
After completing this IBD LIVE-CME activity, physicians
should be better able to:
1. Explain the side effects of medications used to treat IBD,
particularly anti-TNFs.
2. Recognize the various types of skin lesions that may occur
in IBD patients, focusing on those that arise among patients
on immunosuppressants.
3. Be cognizant of the presentation and treatment of pyoderma
gangrenosum in IBD patients.
4. Describe the various types of mycobacterial infections that
may occur among IBD patients, especially those that are on
anti-TNFs.
5. Describe the risk factors for developing a Mycobacterial
marinum infection and how it may present
dermatologically.
6. Explain how to diagnose and treat a Mycobacterial marinum infection.
Computational Audio Modelling for Robot-Assisted Assessment of Children’s Mental Wellbeing
Creators: name: Abbasi, NI
name: Spitale, M
name: Anderson, J
name: Ford, T
name: Jones, PB
name: Gunes, H
Publisher: name: Springer Nature Switzerland
Year: 2022
Subjects: 46 Information and Computing Sciences
4608 Human-Centred Computing
Brain Disorders
Mental Health
Pediatric
Networking and Information Technology R&D (NITRD)
Bioengineering
Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence
3 Good Health and Well Being

description: Robots endowed with the capability of assessing the mental wellbeing of children have a great potential to promote their mental health. However, very few works have explored the computational modelling of children’s mental wellbeing, which remains an open research challenge. This paper presents the first attempt to computationally assess children’s wellbeing during child-robot interactions via audio analysis. We collected a novel dataset of 26 children (8-13 y.o.) who interacted with a Nao robot to perform a verbal picture-based task. Data was collected by audio-video recording of the experiment session. The Short Mood and Feelings Questionnaire (SMFQ) was used to label the participants into two groups: (1)“higher wellbeing” (child SMFQ score <= SMFQ median), and (2) “lower wellbeing” (child SMFQ score > SMFQ median). We extracted audio features from these HRI interactions and trained and compared the performances of eight classical machine learning techniques across three cross-validation approaches: (1) 10 repetitions of 5-fold, (2) leave-one-child-out, and (3) leave-one-picture-out. We have also computed and analysed the sentiment of the audio transcriptions using the ROBERTa model. Our experimental results show that: (i) speech features are reliable for assessing children’s mental wellbeing, but they may not be sufficient on their own, and (ii) verbal information, specifically the sentiment that a picture elicited in children, may impact the children’s responses.
Idée zu dem Transparent bestimmt für H. Pestalozzi
Creators: name: Meyer, Johann Heinrich
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1812
Subjects: Pestalozzi, Johann Heinrich1746-1827
Esslinger, Martin1793-1841

description: gezeichnet von J. H. Meyer
description: Handschriftliche Notiz unter dem Bild "Idée zu dem Transparent bestimmt für H. Pestalozzi, Octob. 1812.-für H. Esslinger gezeichnet v. J.H. Meyer
description: Handschriftliche Notiz auf der Rückseite: "reprod. als Ansichtskarte / siehe H.P. I, 33 unten"
Program Implementation And Evaluation With Cooking Matters For Native Hawaiian Families In Central Oahu County On Oahu Island, Hawaii
Creators: name: Li, Miao
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2024

description: The Native Hawaiian reciprocal relationship with the land that once allowed a well-balanced nutritious diet, and an active lifestyle has become obsolete. The current system has created poverty, short life expectancy, a higher prevalence of heart disease and diabetes, and decreased consumption of
fruits and vegetables. Compared to the state of Hawaii, Oahu residents report slightly higher rates of prediabetes. To achieve health equity through successful interventions, the community has relied on culturally adapted evidence-based programs, for acceptance and adoption. Cooking Matters is a nutrition education program developed by the non-profit organization Share Our Strength and is widely implemented throughout the nation. A two-year tailored Cooking Matters for Native Hawaiian Families program will be implemented in Central Oahu (Wahiawā) with an additional year for evaluation for 50 to 60 families. This
program aims to increase the consumption of fruits and vegetables, more cooked meals at home, and improvements in attitudes about cooking.