cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Spatial and temporal analysis of flash flood risk in Southwestern Missouri
Creators: name: Pollak, Daniel
name: Ruin, Isabelle
name: Wilhelmi, Olga
name: Boehnert, Jennifer
Publisher: name: University Corporation For Atmospheric Research (UCAR)
Year: 2009
Subjects: weather-related fatalities
average global mortality rate
GIS
flood reports
severe impacts
catchment

Floods are the leading cause of weather-related fatalities in the United States and the second most common cause of weather-related deaths worldwide. Of all floods, flash floods are found to be the most deadly with an average global mortality rate of 3.62%. This study performed a spatial and temporal analysis of flash flood risk using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to analyze an event that occurred in southwestern Missouri in March 2008. Both qualitative and quantitative data were integrated using the GIS. The goals of the study were to identify different impacts of the disaster as indicated by flood reports; examine the social and natural factors that account for the spatial and temporal distribution and severity of the impacts; and to compare the results with a previous study of a flash flood event in France. In the Missouri case, the analysis confirmed that small catchments react faster than large catchments and to smaller amounts of rainfall. Seventy-seven percent of incidents (water rescues, fatalities, flooded homes, and flooded roads) occurred in catchments smaller than 200 km². The study also showed that a majority of the severe impacts (water rescues, fatalities, and flooded homes) occurred after the rainfall had tapered off, perhaps indicating that people erroneously perceive the danger has passed once the rain has stopped. When looking at water rescues and fatalities, the results of this study found that fewer incidents occurred in medium size catchments (50-450 km²) than in either large (>450 km²) or small catchments (<50 km²). This is similar to the French study, which found that no fatalities occurred in medium-sized catchments. Using GIS to examine flash flood risk will take strides forward in comparing human vulnerability with size of catchment.
SERS discrimination of single amino acid residue in single peptide by plasmonic nanocavities
Creators: name: Huang, Jian-An
name: Mousavi, Mansoureh Z.
name: Giovannini, Giorgia
name: Zhao, Yingqi
name: Hubarevich, Aliaksandr
name: Garoli, Denis
name: De Angelis, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is a sensitive label-free optical method that can provide fingerprint Raman spectra of biomolecules such as DNA, amino acids and proteins. While SERS of single DNA molecule has been recently demonstrated, Raman analysis of single protein sequence was not possible because the SERS spectra of proteins are usually dominated by signals of aromatic amino acid residues. Here, we used electroplasmonic approach to trap single gold nanoparticle in a nanohole for generating a plasmonic nanocavity between the trapped nanoparticle and the nanopore wall. The giant field generated in the nanocavity was so sensitive and localized that it enables SERS discrimination of 10 distinct amino acids at single-molecule level. The obtained spectra are used to analyze the spectra of 2 biomarkers (Vasopressin and Oxytocin) made of a short sequence of 9 amino-acids. Significantly, we demonstrated identification of single non-aromatic amino acid residues in a single short peptide chain as well as discrimination between two peptides with sequences distinguishable in 2 specific amino-acids. Our result demonstrate the high sensitivity of our method to identify single amino acid residue in a protein chain and a potential for further applications in proteomics and single-protein sequencing.
description: Totally 22 pages, 12 figures and 3 tables including supporting information. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1905.01856
Spectral functions at non-zero momentum in hot QCD
Creators: name: Aarts, Gert
name: Allton, Chris
name: Foley, Justin
name: Hands, Simon
name: Kim, Seyong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results for meson spectral functions at non-zero momentum at temperatures both below and above Tc, obtained in quenched simulations for a number of valence quark masses. For the lightest quark masses, a clear difference between the spectral functions on cold and hot lattices is observed.
description: Talk given at Lattice 2006, 7 pages with 8 figures
Vertex-type thermal correction to the one-photon transition rates
Creators: name: Solovyev, D.
name: Zalialiutdinov, T.
name: Anikin, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Thermal corrections to the one-photon spontaneous and induced transition probabilities for hydrogen and hydrogen-like ions are evaluated. The found thermal corrections are given by the vertex Feynman graph, where the vertex represents the thermal interaction between the bound electron and the nucleus. All derivations of thermal corrections to bound-bound transitions for an atom exposed to blackbody radiation (BBR) are made in a fully relativistic approach within the framework of the adiabatic $S$-matrix formalism. It is found that the vertex-type radiative corrections to the transition rates can be at the level of a few percent to corresponding spontaneous rates for highly excited states in the hydrogen atom. A comprehensive analysis of the vertex-type thermal corrections for hydrogen-like atomic systems is presented.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures, 5 tables
Monotonic and fatigue testing of spring-bridged freestanding microbeams application for MEMS
Creators: name: Lin, Ming-Tzer
name: Shiu, K. -S.
name: Tong, Chi-Jia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Other Computer Science (cs.OH)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) technologies are developing rapidly with increasing study of the design, fabrication and commercialization of microscale systems and devices. Accurate knowledge on the mechanical behaviors of thin film materials used for MEMS is important for successful design and development of MEMS. Here a novel electroplating spring-bridge micro-tensile specimen integrates pin-pin align holes, misalignment compensate spring, load sensor beam and freestanding thin film is demonstrated and fabricated. The specimen is fit into a specially designed micro-mechanical apparatus to carry out a series of monotonic tensile testing on sub-micron freestanding thin films. Certain thin films applicable as structure or motion gears in MEMS were tested including sputtered gold, copper and tantalum nitride thin films. Metal specimens were fabricated by sputtering; for tantalum nitride film samples, nitrogen gas was introduced into the chamber during sputtering tantalum films on the silicon wafer. The sample fabrication method involves three steps of lithography and two steps of electroplating copper to hold a dog bone freestanding thin film. Using standard wet etching or lift off techniques, a series of microtensile specimens were patterned in metal thin films, holes, and seed layer for spring and frame structure on the underlying silicon oxide coated silicon substrate. Two steps of electroplating processing to distinct spring and frame portion of the test chip. Finally, chemical etched away the silicon oxide to separated electroplated specimen and silicon substrate.
description: Submitted on behalf of EDA Publishing Association (http://irevues.inist.fr/EDA-Publishing)
Capturing the cascade: a transseries approach to delayed bifurcations
Creators: name: Aniceto, Inês
name: Hasenbichler, Daniel
name: Howls, Christopher J.
name: Lustri, Christopher J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Transseries expansions build upon ordinary power series methods by including additional basis elements such as exponentials and logarithms. Alternative summation methods can then be used to "resum" series to obtain more efficient approximations, and have been successfully widely applied in the study of continuous linear and nonlinear, single and multidimensional problems. In particular, a method known as transasymptotic resummation can be used to describe continuous behaviour occurring on multiple scales without the need for asymptotic matching. Here we apply transasymptotic resummation to discrete systems and show that it may be used to naturally and efficiently describe discrete delayed bifurcations, or "canards", in singularly-perturbed variants of the logistic map which contain delayed period-doubling bifurcations. We use transasymptotic resummation to approximate the solutions, and describe the behaviour of the solution across the bifurcations. This approach has two significant advantages: it may be applied in systematic fashion even across multiple bifurcations, and the exponential multipliers encode information about the bifurcations that are used to explain effects seen in the solution behaviour.
description: 20 pages, 8 figures
Observational Tests of the Generalized Uncertainty Principle: Shapiro Time Delay, Gravitational Redshift, and Geodetic Precession
Creators: name: Ökcü, Özgür
name: Aydiner, Ekrem
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper is based on the study of the paper of Scardigli and Casadio [Eur. Phys. J. C (2015) 75:425] where the authors computed the light deflection and perihelion precession for the Generalized Uncertainty Principle (GUP) modified Schwarzschild metric. In the present work, we computed the gravitational tests such as Shapiro time delay, gravitational redshift, and geodetic precession for the GUP modified Schwarzschild metric. Using the results of Solar system experiments and observations, we obtain upper bounds for the GUP parameter $β$. Finally, we compare our bounds with other bounds in the literature.
description: 17 pages, 1 figure, 1 table. Accepted for publication in Nuclear Physics B
Debt sustainability and economic convergence of
euro-area Member States: Challenges and Solutions
Creators: name: Manasse, Paolo
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2015
Subjects: SECS-P/01 Economia politica

description: This paper argues that fiscal convergence in the Euro area has been achieved at the expenses of real
divergence in unemployment, investment and at, at least temporarily, growth. Statistical and
econometric analysis support the view that the current fiscal framework has addressed debt
sustainability concerns, but has imparted a pro-cyclical bias, which has contributed to economic
divergence. The recent flexibility guidelines are a step in the right direction, but they are unlikely to
have sizable effects. A reform of the fiscal framework and a mechanism for an intra-European
unemployment insurance scheme is proposed.
On the extension of positive definite kernels to topological algebras
Creators: name: Alpay, Daniel
name: Paiva, Ismael L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We define an extension of operator-valued positive definite functions from the real or complex setting to topological algebras, and describe their associated reproducing kernel spaces. The case of entire functions is of special interest, and we give a precise meaning to some power series expansions of analytic functions that appears in many algebras.
description: Any comments are welcome!
A spinorial proof of the rigidity of the Riemannian Schwarzschild manifold
Creators: name: Raulot, Simon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit and generalize a recent result of Cederbaum [C2, C3] concerning the rigidity of the Schwarzschild manifold for spin manifolds. This includes the classical black hole uniqueness theorems [BM, GIS, Hw] as well as the more recent uniqueness theorems for pho-ton spheres [C1, CG1, CG2].
From high $p_\perp$ theory and data to inferring anisotropy of Quark-Gluon Plasma
Creators: name: Djordjevic, Magdalena
name: Stojku, Stefan
name: Zigic, Dusan
name: Ilic, Bojana
name: Auvinen, Jussi
name: Salom, Igor
name: Djordjevic, Marko
name: Huovinen, Pasi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High $p_\perp$ theory and data are commonly used to study high $p_\perp$ parton interactions with QGP, while low $p_\perp$ data and corresponding models are employed to infer QGP bulk properties. On the other hand, with a proper description of high $p_\perp$ parton-medium interactions, high $p_\perp$ probes become also powerful tomography tools, since they are sensitive to global QGP features, such as different temperature profiles or initial conditions. This tomographic role of high $p_\perp$ probes can be utilized to assess the spatial anisotropy of the QCD matter. With our dynamical energy loss formalism, we show that a (modified) ratio of $R_{AA}$ and $v_2$ presents a reliable and robust observable for straightforward extraction of initial state anisotropy. We analytically estimated the proportionality between the $v_2/(1-R_{AA})$ and anisotropy coefficient $ε_{2L}$, and found surprisingly good agreement with full-fledged numerical calculations. Within the current error bars, the extraction of the anisotropy from the existing data using this approach is still inaccessible. However, with the expected accuracy improvement in the upcoming LHC runs, the anisotropy of the QGP formed in heavy ion collisions can be straightforwardly derived from the data. Such a data-based anisotropy parameter would present an important test to models describing the initial stages of heavy-ion collision and formation of QGP, and demonstrate the usefulness of high $p_\perp$ theory and data in obtaining QGP properties.
description: Contribution to XXVIIIth International Conference on Ultrarelativistic Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions (Quark Matter 2019)
Resonant inelastic x-ray scattering study of vector chiral ordered kagome antiferromagnet
Creators: name: Xiong, Zijian
name: Datta, Trinanjan
name: Yao, Dao-Xin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the resonant inelastic x-ray scattering (RIXS) features of vector chiral ordered kagome antiferromagnets. Utilizing a group theoretical formalism that respects lattice site symmetry, we calculated the $L$ -edge magnon contribution for the vesignieite compound BaCu$_{3}$V$_{2}$O$_{8}$(OH)$_{2}$. We show that polarization dependence of the $L$ -edge RIXS spectrum can be used to track magnon branches. We predict a non-zero $L$ -edge signal in the non-cross $π-π$ polarization channel. At the $K$ -edge, we derived the two-site effective RIXS and Raman scattering operator for two-magnon excitation in vesignieite using the Shastry-Shraiman formalism. Our derivation considers spin-orbit coupling effects in virtual hopping processes. We find vector chiral correlation (four-spin) contribution that is proportional to the RIXS spectrum. Our scattering operator formalism can be applied to a host of non-collinear non-coplanar magnetic materials at both the $L$ and $K$ -edge. We demonstrate that vector chiral correlations can be accessed by RIXS experiments.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures, 1 table
Data excerpt from Interview
Creators: name: Andi Macahuachi, Delia Luisa
name: Beier, Christine
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: ash

description: 1 WAV file, excerpted from Delia Andi Macahuachi's interview recorded in Iquitos, Peru, on this day; and 1 TextGrid file containing transcriptions of the content in Aʔɨwa and Spanish.
The relationship between sea breezes and rainfall along western Mexico during the North American Monsoon
Creators: name: Vincente, Vanessa
name: Hartten, Leslie
name: Johnston, Paul
Publisher: name: University Corporation For Atmospheric Research (UCAR)
Year: 2009
Subjects: general circulation models
daily cycle of winds
sea breeze
onshore flow
convective activity

The North American Monsoon (NAM) is an annual phenomenon that influences the southwestern United States and northwest Mexico during the summer months. Atmospheric general circulation models have had difficulty forecasting precipitation events during the NAM season. The cause of this predicament has been linked to models’ insufficiency in simulating the daily cycle of winds within this region. Previous studies examined the daily cycle of winds measured by a 915-MHz wind profiler stationed at Estación Obispo (ETO), Mexico in an attempt to characterize the sea breeze events during the 2005 NAM season. This research extends their work by investigating the relationship between variations in the sea breezes over ETO and variations in the precipitation that fell on the western slopes of the Sierra Madre Occidental (SMO) in Mexico during the 2005 NAM season. Examination of the mid-afternoon (14 – 17 LT) wind directions at ETO revealed that onshore flow was present from a broad range of directions but within the south to west sector. Sea breezes occurred almost every day at ETO, more frequently than previous studies indicated. Daily rainfall from the North American Monsoon Event Rain Gauge Network (NERN) showed high variability throughout the season as well as between NERN stations. There was no significant association between the mid-afternoon wind direction along the west coast of Mexico and the daily rainfall on the SMO. These results may guide NAM scientists as they seek better methods to relate onshore flow with convective activity across the SMO.
Non-holonomic constraints inducing flutter insability in structures under conservative loadings
Creators: name: Cazzolli, Alessandro
name: Corso, Francesco Dal
name: Bigoni, Davide
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Non-conservative loads of the follower type are usually believed to be the source of dynamic instabilities such as flutter and divergence. It is shown that these instabilities (including Hopf bifurcation, flutter, divergence, and destabilizing effects connected to dissipation phenomena) can be obtained in structural systems loaded by conservative forces, as a consequence of the application of non-holonomic constraints. These constraints may be realized through a `perfect skate' (or a non-sliding wheel), or, more in general, through the slipless contact between two circular rigid cylinders, one of which is free of rotating about its axis. The motion of the structure produced by these dynamic instabilities may reach a limit cycle, a feature that can be exploited for soft robotics applications, especially for the realization of limbless locomotion.
Your Data Body (ISEA 2024)
Creators: Oliver, Marilène
Smallwood, Scott
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2024

Abstract (from author, in quotation marks):

"This paper delves into the aesthetics and ethics surrounding the collaborative virtual reality artwork, Your Data Body. Made using medical scan data as a metaphor for our ever-ex-panding bodies of intimate personal data, Your Data Body seeks to challenge how we interact with the data of others, questioning the etymology of the word data, meaning “given” and questioning whether in many cases, data is rather “taken”. Using the gaming device of moving through a sequence of scenes, users first encounter open-access anonymized scan data and later donated data given with active and ongoing consent of the subject. Each scene situates the medical scan data within LiDAR scans, is accompanied by poetic elements, and has a complex sonic composition that combines field re-cordings, choral composition and data sonification as a way to situate the data geographically, temporally and emotion-ally."
Unmixing methods based on nonnegativity and weakly mixed pixels for astronomical hyperspectral datasets
Creators: name: Boulais, Axel
name: Berné, Olivier
name: Faury, Guillaume
name: Deville, Yannick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: [Abridged] An increasing number of astronomical instruments (on Earth and space-based) provide hyperspectral images, that is three-dimensional data cubes with two spatial dimensions and one spectral dimension. The intrinsic limitation in spatial resolution of these instruments implies that the spectra associated with pixels of such images are most often mixtures of the spectra of the "pure" components that exist in the considered region. In order to estimate the spectra and spatial abundances of these pure components, we here propose an original blind signal separation (BSS), that is to say an unsupervised unmixing method. Our approach is based on extensions and combinations of linear BSS methods that belong to two major classes of methods, namely nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) and Sparse Component Analysis (SCA). The former performs the decomposition of hyperspectral images, as a set of pure spectra and abundance maps, by using nonnegativity constraints, but the estimated solution is not unique: It highly depends on the initialization of the algorithm. The considered SCA methods are based on the assumption of the existence of points or tiny spatial zones where only one source is active (i.e., one pure component is present). In real conditions, the assumption of perfect single-source points or zones is not always realistic. In such conditions, SCA yields approximate versions of the unknown sources and mixing coefficients. We propose to use part of these preliminary estimates from the SCA to initialize several runs of the NMF to constrain the convergence of the NMF algorithm. Detailed tests with synthetic data show that the decomposition achieved with such hybrid methods is nearly unique and provides good performance, illustrating the potential of applications to real data.
description: Accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics
Interview with Delia Andi Macahuachi
Creators: name: Andi Macahuachi, Delia Luisa
name: Beier, Christine
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: ash

description: 1 WAV file, derived from a video recording made in Iquitos, Peru, by Christine Beier and Delia Andi Macahuachi on September 14, 2010, in the context of documentation work. A summary of the contents of the interview is provided in the companion document.
Identification of new Classical Ae stars in the Galaxy using LAMOST DR5
Creators: name: Anusha, R.
name: Mathew, Blesson
name: Shridharan, B.
name: Arun, R.
name: Nidhi, S.
name: Banerjee, Gourav
name: Kartha, Sreeja S.
name: Paul, K. T.
name: Bhattacharyya, Suman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the first systematic study to identify and characterize a sample of classical Ae stars in the Galaxy. The spectra of these stars were retrieved from the A-star catalog using the Large sky Area Multi-Object fiber Spectroscopic Telescope (LAMOST) survey. We identified the emission-line stars in this catalog from which 159 are confirmed as classical Ae stars. This increases the sample of known classical Ae stars by about nine times from the previously identified 21 stars. The evolutionary phase of classical Ae stars in this study is confirmed from the relatively small mid- and far-infrared excess and from their location in the optical color-magnitude diagram. We estimated the spectral type using MILES spectral templates and identified Classical Ae stars beyond A3, for the first time. The prominent emission lines in the spectra within the wavelength range 3700 -- 9000 Å are identified and compared with the features present in classical Be stars. The Hα emission strength of the stars in our sample show a steady decrease from late-B type to Ae stars, suggesting that the disc size may be dependent on the spectral type. Interestingly, we noticed emission lines of Fe{\sc ii}, O{\sc i} and Paschen series in the spectrum of some classical Ae stars. These lines are supposed to fade out by late B-type and should not be present in Ae stars. Further studies, including spectra with better resolution, is needed to correlate these results with the rotation rates of classical Ae stars.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Model analysis of the solar induced variability of ozone and temperature in the equatorial upper and middle atmosphere
Creators: name: Yanchilina, Anastasia
name: Marsh, Daniel
name: Calvo-Fernandez, Natalia
Publisher: name: University Corporation For Atmospheric Research (UCAR)
Year: 2009
Subjects: solar variability
sunspots
WACCM3
greenhouse gas
wavelet analysis

The effect of solar variability upon the atmosphere remains poorly understood. This study explored the impact of 27-day rotation of sunspots on the equatorial upper and middle equatorial atmospheric photochemistry from Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model 3 (WACCM3) output. WACCM3 was driven with observed solar and greenhouse gas forcing for a period during the last solar maximum which included 1999, 2000, and 2001. Specifically, Fourier and wavelet analysis is applied to determine the magnitude and phase responses to the solar induced forcing on ozone (O3), temperature, hydroxyl (OH), molecular oxygen (O (3P)), hydroperoxyl radical (HO2), water vapor (H2O), hydrogen, and shortwave heating. Wavelet analysis demonstrated that the response of these atmospheric constituents to the 27-day forcing is intermittent and depends largely on the magnitude of solar forcing. Fourier and phase analysis demonstrated that the largest responses of ozone occurred around 80 and 40km. The former is attributed to increased production of odd hydrogen (HOX) from photolysis of water vapor at Lyman-Îą while the latter is attributed to increased O3 production in the stratopause from increased UV. The analysis also demonstrated that the largest responses of temperature occurred around 70 km and 40km. They are attributed to increased UV at those altitudes. The amplitude of these responses compared well with data from models and observations. Phase difference, on the other hand, did not. This may be as a result of internal modes of variability with periods close to 27-days contributing to the phase difference in addition to the fact that the model was run with observed greenhouse gas and solar forcing.
Auf dem Weg zu einer "Gemeinsamen Erklärung zum Herrenmahl"?
Creators: name: Sattler, Dorothea
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 61 Nr. 4 (2012): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 61, Heft 4
Solid-liquid coexistence of the noble elements. I. Theory illustrated by the case of argon
Creators: name: Singh, Aditya N.
name: Dyre, Jeppe C.
name: Pedersen, Ulf R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The noble elements constitute the simplest group of atoms. At low temperatures or high pressures they freeze into the face-centered cubic (fcc) crystal structure (except helium). We perform molecular dynamics using the recently proposed simplified ab initio atomic (SAAP) potential [Deiters and Sadus, J. Chem. Phys. 150, 134504 (2019)] . This potential is parameterized using data from accurate ab initio quantum mechanical calculations by the coupled-cluster approach on the CCSD(T) level. We compute the fcc freezing lines for Argon and find a great agreement with the experimental values. At low pressures, this agreement is further enhanced by using many-body corrections. Hidden scale invariance of the potential energy function is validated by computing lines of constant excess entropy (configurational adiabats) and shows that mean square displacement and the static structure factor are invariant. These lines (isomorphs) can be generated from simulations at a single state-point by having knowledge of the pair potential. The isomorph theory for the solid-liquid transition is used to accurately predict the shape of the freezing line in the pressure-temperature plane, the shape in the density-temperature plane, the entropy of melting and the Lindemann parameters along the melting line. We finally predict that the body-centered cubic (bcc) crystal is stable at high pressures.
Ionization and dissociation equilibrium in strongly-magnetized helium atmosphere
Creators: name: Mori, Kaya
name: Heyl, Jeremy S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent observations and theoretical investigations of neutron stars indicate that their atmospheres consist not of hydrogen or iron but possibly other elements such as helium. We calculate the ionization and dissociation equilibrium of helium in the conditions found in the atmospheres of magnetized neutron stars. For the first time this investigation includes the internal degrees of freedom of the helium molecule. We found that at the temperatures and densities of neutron star atmospheres the rotovibrational excitations of helium molecules are populated. Including these excitations increases the expected abundance of molecules by up to two orders of magnitude relative to calculations that ignore the internal states of the molecule; therefore, if the atmospheres of neutron stars indeed consist of helium, helium molecules and possibly polymers will make the bulk of the atmosphere and leave signatures on the observed spectra from neutron stars. We applied our calculation to nearby radio-quiet neutron stars with B_{dipole}~10^{13}-10^{14} G. If helium comprises their atmospheres, our study indicates that isolated neutron stars with T_{BB}~10^6 K such as RXJ0720.4-3125 and RXJ1605.3+3249 will have He^+ ions predominantly, while isolated neutron stars with lower temperature (T_{BB}~5x10^5 K) such as RXJ1856.5-3754 and RXJ0420.0-5022 will have some fraction of helium molecules. If helium molecules are abundant, their spectroscopic signatures may be detected in the optical, UV and X-ray band. (Abridged)
description: 12 pages, 12 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Solid-liquid coexistence of the noble elements. II. Neon, krypton and xenon
Creators: name: Singh, Aditya N.
name: Dyre, Jeppe C.
name: Pedersen, Ulf R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The noble elements constitute the simplest group in the periodic table. At low temperatures or high pressures, the liquid phase solidifies into a face-centered cubic crystal structure (except helium). In the companion paper, we investigated the fcc solid-liquid coexistence of argon in the light of hidden scale invariance. Here we extend the investigation to neon, argon, krypton, and xenon. Computations are done using the SAAP potential, suggested by Deiters and Sadus [J. Chem. Phys 150, 134504 (2019)], derived from accurate ab initio calculations. The systems exhibit hidden scale invariance in the investigated part of the phase diagram, which makes it possible to predict the shape and property variations along the solid-liquid coexistence lines.
Comparison of ABL heights derived from COSMIC RO and the RUC Model
Creators: name: Goode, Sharome
name: Sokolovskiy, Sergey
name: Cucurull-Ector, Lidia
Publisher: name: University Corporation For Atmospheric Research (UCAR)
Year: 2009
Subjects: radio occultation
radio wave bending angle profiles
verticle structure
meteorological parameters
seasonal variations

This study investigates two approaches for determining the height of the Atmospheric Boundary Layer (ABL): analyzing radio occultation (RO) observations and using NOAA's Rapid Update Cycle (RUC) model. The first approach determines the ABL height by examining radio wave bending angle profiles from the Constellation Observing System for Meteorology, Ionosphere and Climate (COSMIC). The second approach examines the vertical structure of meteorological parameters reproduced by the RUC model. This study compares the values of collocated ABL heights obtained by each approach over North America and adjacent oceans for both summer and winter months to determine seasonal variations. Significant differences in the ABL heights were found for the two approaches, as well as seasonal variations. High-precision comparisons were not produced between RUC and COSMIC ABL heights because this ABL analysis did not include RUC model data for water vapor and turbulence. To perform a better comparison, the RUC ABL should be better characterized by accounting for water vapor and turbulent mixing ata.
Letter from J. E. [John Edgar] McAllister to Mr. [James] Goldie, September 28, 1914
Creators: name: McAllister, John Edgar
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Letter to Mr. [James] Goldie from J. E. [John Edgar] McAllister, dated September 28, 1914, requesting money be sent to Bellevue Ranche and C. A. Thomas.
End-To-End Dilated Variational Autoencoder with Bottleneck Discriminative Loss for Sound Morphing -- A Preliminary Study
Creators: name: Lionello, Matteo
name: Purwins, Hendrik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: We present a preliminary study on an end-to-end variational autoencoder (VAE) for sound morphing. Two VAE variants are compared: VAE with dilation layers (DC-VAE) and VAE only with regular convolutional layers (CC-VAE). We combine the following loss functions: 1) the time-domain mean-squared error for reconstructing the input signal, 2) the Kullback-Leibler divergence to the standard normal distribution in the bottleneck layer, and 3) the classification loss calculated from the bottleneck representation. On a database of spoken digits, we use 1-nearest neighbor classification to show that the sound classes separate in the bottleneck layer. We introduce the Mel-frequency cepstrum coefficient dynamic time warping (MFCC-DTW) deviation as a measure of how well the VAE decoder projects the class center in the latent (bottleneck) layer to the center of the sounds of that class in the audio domain. In terms of MFCC-DTW deviation and 1-NN classification, DC-VAE outperforms CC-VAE. These results for our parametrization and our dataset indicate that DC-VAE is more suitable for sound morphing than CC-VAE, since the DC-VAE decoder better preserves the topology when mapping from the audio domain to the latent space. Examples are given both for morphing spoken digits and drum sounds.
Universal Maslov class of Bohr - Sommerfeld lagrangian embedding to pseudo - Einstein manifold
Creators: name: Tyurin, N. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper we define the universal Maslov class of a Bohr - Sommerfeld lagrangian embedding to a simply connected pseudo - Einstein symplectic manifold. This class is an invariant of hamiltonian (isodrastic) deformations of a given Bohr - Sommerfeld lagrangian submanifold.
description: 17 pages, no figures, to the previous version one adds some remarks on the Maslov index of discs and an illustration of the universal Maslov class in view of the extension problem for supercycles lives on a given lagrangian submanifold
Building a new atmospheric model: Testing a nonhydrostatic dynamical core on unstructured variable resolution hexagonal C-Grids
Creators: name: Menchaca, Maximo
name: Skamarock, William
name: Woods, Terry
Publisher: name: University Corporation For Atmospheric Research (UCAR)
Year: 2010

Spherical centroidal Voronoi tessellations (SCVTs) are proving themselves a viable alternative to latitude-longitude grids for numerical weather prediction but require the development of new numerical schemes. SCVT-based variable-resolution grids are another area of research interest which can help produce more efficient runs. These, along with increasing computer resources, have the potential to make regional and global atmospheric models more robust. However, finer grids mean the hydrostatic approximation traditionally used for global modeling is no longer valid. In this research, we test an approach to discretizing the nonhydrostatic equations developed for rectangular meshes that has been adapted to planar, hexagonal (SCVT) meshes. This discretization employs a split-explicit time integration method in addition to a finite-volume spatial discretization. An initial simulation of a squall line using a constant-resolution grid is performed to verify the validity of the dynamical core. The core is then tested on variableresolution unstructured SCVTs. The tests performed on the variable-resolution grids include additional squall line simulations and gravity current simulations. Final results from variable-resolution grids show a notable improvement over using grid nesting to simulate fine-resolution regions in coarse domains. The results suggest two important areas for further research. First, the impact of variable-resolution grids on solution accuracy must be further studied, as the transition region of a variable grid can impact accuracy if it is abrupt. Second, diffusion can have a considerable impact on solutions, and model filter formulations need further study. These preliminary results are promising and suggest further research.
Evaluation of Current Incentive/Disincentive Procedures in Construction
Creators: name: Rister, Brad W.
name: Wang, Yuhong
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: This study was initiated to take an in-depth look at the current time and material incentive/disincentive program associated with highway construction projects in Kentucky. The current incentive/disincentive program was first initiated in the mid to late 90’s. However, not until recently had some of the original mechanisms of the program been revisited and/or up-dated.  From the early stages of this study it was anticipated that many of the concerns regarding the use of both time/material incentives and disincentives on highway construction projects in Kentucky would be addressed. Therefore, at the onset of this project the study advisory committee made a tremendous effort to devise a working plan for this study that would evaluate both the time and material incentive and disincentive program. In addition to the evaluation of the program, tremendous effort was also undertaken to answer some age old questions regarding the quality of projects that have received time incentive bonuses in the past.
On the origin of the Boson peak in globular proteins
Creators: name: Ciliberti, Stefano
name: Rios, Paolo De Los
name: Piazza, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the Boson Peak phenomenology experimentally observed in globular proteins by means of elastic network models. These models are suitable for an analytic treatment in the framework of Euclidean Random Matrix theory, whose predictions can be numerically tested on real proteins structures. We find that the emergence of the Boson Peak is strictly related to an intrinsic mechanical instability of the protein, in close similarity to what is thought to happen in glasses. The biological implications of this conclusion are also discussed by focusing on a representative case study.
description: Proceedings of the X International Workshop on Disordered Systems, Molveno (2006)
Tellus regional stream water geochemistry: environmental and mineral exploration applications
Creators: name: Gallagher, V.
name: Grunsky, E. C.
name: Fitzsimons, M. M.
name: Browne, M. A.
name: Lilburn, S.
name: Symons, J.
Publisher: name: Geological Society of London
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Supplementary material.
Sequential design of multi-fidelity computer experiments: maximizing the rate of stepwise uncertainty reduction
Creators: name: Stroh, Rémi
name: Bect, Julien
name: Demeyer, Séverine
name: Fischer, Nicolas
name: Marquis, Damien
name: Vazquez, Emmanuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This article deals with the sequential design of experiments for (deterministic or stochastic) multi-fidelity numerical simulators, that is, simulators that offer control over the accuracy of simulation of the physical phenomenon or system under study. Very often, accurate simulations correspond to high computational efforts whereas coarse simulations can be obtained at a smaller cost. In this setting, simulation results obtained at several levels of fidelity can be combined in order to estimate quantities of interest (the optimal value of the output, the probability that the output exceeds a given threshold...) in an efficient manner. To do so, we propose a new Bayesian sequential strategy called Maximal Rate of Stepwise Uncertainty Reduction (MR-SUR), that selects additional simulations to be performed by maximizing the ratio between the expected reduction of uncertainty and the cost of simulation. This generic strategy unifies several existing methods, and provides a principled approach to develop new ones. We assess its performance on several examples, including a computationally intensive problem of fire safety analysis where the quantity of interest is the probability of exceeding a tenability threshold during a building fire.
description: Technometrics, Taylor & Francis
Wolf-Rayet stars in the Antennae unveiled by MUSE
Creators: name: Gómez-González, V. M. A.
name: Mayya, Y. D.
name: Toalá, J. A.
name: Arthur, S. J.
name: Zaragoza-Cardiel, J.
name: Guerrero, M. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the analysis of archival Very Large Telescope (VLT) Multi Unit Spectroscopic Explorer (MUSE) observations of the interacting galaxies NGC 4038/39 (a.k.a. the Antennae) at a distance of 18.1 Mpc. Up to 38 young star-forming complexes with evident contribution from Wolf-Rayet (WR) stars are unveiled. We use publicly available templates of Galactic WR stars in conjunction with available photometric extinction measurements to quantify and classify the WR population in each star-forming region, on the basis of its nearly Solar oxygen abundance. The total estimated number of WR stars in the Antennae is 4053 $\pm$ 84, of which there are 2021 $\pm$ 60 WNL and 2032 $\pm$ 59 WC-types. Our analysis suggests a global WC to WN-type ratio of 1.01 $\pm$ 0.04, which is consistent with the predictions of the single star evolutionary scenario in the most recent BPASS stellar population synthesis models.
description: 20 pages, 16 figures, 5 tables; accepted to MNRAS
Analysis of Inconsistencies Related to Design Speed, Operating Speed, and Speed Limits
Creators: name: Stamatiadis, Nikiforos
name: Gong, Huafeng
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: The objective of this research was to examine the relationship among design speeds, operating speeds and speed limits and address safety and operational concerns regarding the presence of disparities among these speed metrics. Roadway sections were selected throughout Kentucky based on the relationship between design speed and posted speed limit (greater or lower) and on the number of lanes (2 or 4). Speed data and roadway geometry data were collected along these sites to allow for the development of the appropriate models. The general conclusion for 2-lane highways is that the operating speed is different than the design speed indicating that there is no agreement between them. For the 4-lane highways there was an agreement between operating and design speeds indicating the absence of any differences. The relationship between operating speed and posted speed limit showed that for all roadways these two speed metrics were different and the posted speed limit was lower than the 85th operating speeds. The safety analysis showed in general that there were no significant safety consequences from the inconsistencies among the various speeds metrics. A set of recommended guidelines is proposed that aim in alleviating potential inconsistencies among these speed metrics focusing on selecting the design speed based on desired operating speeds to avoid possible inconsistencies that could lead to driver errors.
Storm duration analysis using TITAN
Creators: name: Dawson, Logan
name: Tessendorf, Sarah
name: Ahijevych, David
name: Weeks, Courtney
name: Petruzzi, Barbara
name: Detweiler, Raymond
Publisher: name: University Corporation For Atmospheric Research (UCAR)
Year: 2010

The Southeast Queensland (SEQ) region of Australia has been affected by drought conditions and critical water shortages in recent years. The Queensland Cloud Seeding Research Program (QCSRP) was conducted to assess the viability of using hygroscopic seeding to enhance precipitation in the SEQ region. An interesting result of the QCSRP and other past hygroscopic seeding experiments was that they observed a tendency for longer storm durations in seeded clouds. The objective of this study was to identify what factors are most strongly related to storm duration as a first step toward understanding how, aside from these factors, hygroscopic seeding may prolong storm duration. The factors that may influence storm duration were investigated using radar data collected during the QCSRP. The radar data were analyzed using the Thunderstorm Initiation, Tracking, Analyzing, and Nowcasting (TITAN) algorithm, which tracks storm cells and measures storm-specific properties such as duration, mean or maximum reflectivity, volume, and echo top height. Additionally, detailed analysis of the 39 randomized seeding cases from the QCSRP was conducted to ascertain what factors may influence storm duration. Each case was classified by storm evolution type (single pulse, multi-pulse, or complex) based on the number of pulses in maximum reflectivity height and the cell mergers or splits of the TITAN track. The case study analysis showed that the evolution types corresponded to distinct ranges of storm duration. It was also evident that cell mergers occurred in the longest-lasting storms in the case study analysis.
Dynamical Higgs potentials with a landscape
Creators: name: Barbon, J. L. F.
name: Hoyos, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider one-loop effective potentials for adjoint Higgs fields that originate from flat holonomies in toroidal compactification of gauge theories. We show that such potentials are "landscape-like" for large gauge groups and generic non-supersymmetric matter representations. In particular, there is a large number of vacua with similar local properties, scanning a broad band of vacuum energies.
description: 17 pages