Hendrella Munro 1938
Creators: name: Namin, S. Mohamadzade
name: Moeinadini, A.
name: Madjdzadeh, S. M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Tephritidae
Hendrella

description: <i>Hendrella</i> Munro, 1938 Type species: <i>Trypeta caloptera</i> Loew, 1850. <i>Tephrella</i>: Hendel, 1927: 113 (misidentification). — <i>Hendrella</i> Munro, 1938: 117; Foote, 1984: 93 (catalogue); Korneyev 1989: 87 (key and revision of 7 species); Norrbom et al., 1999: 157 (catalogue). D e s c r i p t i o n. H e a d in profile slightly higher than long. Frons narrowing from ocellar triangle to lunule and with fine yellowish setulae on anterior half. Eye oval. Gena narrower than length of antenna. Antenna somewhat shorter than face, first flagellomere rounded or pointed apicodorsally, less than twice as long as wide, arista with short pubescence. Proboscis capitate, palp unmodified. Two pairs of dark and rarely an additional white frontal and two orbital setae present; posterior orbital seta whitish yellow and reclinate; medial vertical seta brown to black; lateral vertical seta white, shorter than anterior orbital seta. Postocular setae mixed long and short. Thorax. Ground color yellowish brown to dark brown with notopleural area yellow. Dorsocentral setae situated near transverse suture; posterior notopleural seta concolorous with anterior one. Scutellum microtrichose, with one pair of setae. Anepimeral seta black, brown or yellow. Scutal setulae white. Wing. <i>Aciura</i> - type pattern including yellowish brown to dark brown pattern with several hyaline spots. Vein R 1 dorsally with a gap in row of setulae at level of Sc apex. Costal vein with 1–2 strong setae before costal break, costal setae not more than 1.5 times as long as width of costa; cell r 1 with 1–2 marginal hyaline spots. Distance between crossveins r-m and dm-cu slightly longer than r-m crossvein. Cell bcu with short posteroapical extension. A b d o m e n. Yellowish brown to completely black. Epandrium oval with non-modified surstyli; two pairs of prensisetae present; preglans area of phallus bare; subapical lobe of glans neither sclerotized nor trumpet-like; glans with conspicuously sclerotized basal part; apical membranous lobes shorter than basal sclerotized part. Dorsal side of eversible membrane with a medial bare groove between two rows of scales; scales on ventral side of eversible membrane forming narrow isolated stripe. Aculeus pointed apically. Diagnosis. <i>Hendrella</i> is similar to <i>Tephrella</i> sharing similar wing pattern and presence of 2–3 frontal and two orbital and only one scutellar setae, differing from it by having two frontal setae (sometimes a short white seta anterior to them) and posterior orbital seta whitish yellow (2–3 large frontal setae in <i>Tephrella</i> and posterior orbital seta is brown). In <i>Hendrella,</i> dorsocentral setae are situated at suture, whereas in <i>Tephrella</i> they are closer to supraalar setae. T a x o n o m i c p o s i t i o n. Norrbom et al. (1999) classified the tribe Tephritini into six main groups and included <i>Hendrella</i> in <i>Spathulina</i> group of the Tephritini. Korneyev (1999) studied cladistic relationships of Tephritinae and placed the genera allied to <i>Oedaspis</i>, <i>Hendrella</i>, <i>Dithryca</i> and <i>Eurosta</i> in Dithrycini. Monophyly of Dithrycini is supported by a unique pattern of scales on the eversible membrane and similarity of aculeus shape (Korneyev, 1999). In addition, all known host plants of Dithrycini belong to the tribe Anthemideae (<i>Achillea</i>, <i>Artemisia</i> and <i>Santolina</i>). Molecular studies based on mitochondrial 16S rDNA showed that Nearctic <i>Eurosta</i> and <i>Aciurina</i> are not closely related to the genus <i>Oedaspis</i> and the Dithrycini (Han et al., 2006), but most diagnostic characters of <i>Hendrella</i> still support its placement in Dithrycini (Korneyev, 1999; Korneyev et al., 2004). Hancock (2001) assigned <i>Oedaspis</i> and related genera to the subtribe Platensinina and noted that <i>Hendrella</i> had been included in the subtribe Dithrycina by Korneyev (1999). Biology. Most species of <i>Hendrella</i> have been collected by sweeping from <i>Artemisia</i> (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) stands. The only hitherto reared species, <i>H.sordida</i> V. Korneyev, 1989 was reared from monothalamic galls on branches of <i>Artemisia proceraeformis</i> Krasch.; adults emerge in late July or August and apparently overwinter (Basov, Korneyev, 1987: fig. 1, <i>2</i>; Korneyev, 1989; V. Korneyev, pers. comm.). In addition, <i>H. caloptera</i> was collected by sweeping on <i>Artemisia</i> sp. near <i>limonifolia</i> (Korneyev et al., 2004). The life history of other <i>Hendrella</i> species remains almost unknown but they are suspected to induce stem or rhizome galls in other <i>Artemisia</i> species.
description: Published as part of <i>Namin, S. Mohamadzade, Moeinadini, A. &amp; Madjdzadeh, S. M., 2017, A New Species Of Hendrella (Diptera, Tephritidae) From South-Eastern Iran, pp. 215-220 in Vestnik Zoologii (Vestn. Zool.) (Vestn. Zool.) 51 (3)</i> on page 216, DOI: 10.1515/vzoo-2017-0028, http://zenodo.org/record/6454181
description: {"references": ["Munro, H. K. 1938. New genera of African Trypetidae (Dipt.). Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, Series B. Taxonomy, 7, 117 - 120.", "Hendel, F. 1927. 49. Trypetidae. In: Lindner, E., ed. Die Fliegen der palaearktischen Region. 5 (Lfg. 16 - 19). Schweizerbart, Stuttgart, 1 - 221 + I - XVII pl.", "Foote, R. H. 1984. Family Tephritidae. In: Soos, A., Papp, L., eds. Catalogue of Palaearctic Diptera, Vol. 9, Micropezidae - Agromyzidae. Akademiai Kiado &amp; Elsevier Science Publishers, Budapest &amp; Amsterdam, 66 - 149.", "Korneyev, V. A. 1989. A review of palaearctic species of the genus Hendrella (Diptera, Tephritidae). Zoologichesky Zhurnal, 68 (6), 87 - 92 [In Russian, with English summary].", "Norrbom, A. L., Carroll, L. E., Thompson, F. C., White, I. M., Freidberg, A. 1999. Systematic Database of Names. In: Thompson, F. C., ed. Fruit Fly Expert Identification System and Systematic Information Database. Backhuis Publishers, Leiden (1998), 65 - 299 (Myia, 9).", "Korneyev, V. A. 1999. Phylogeny of the subfamily Tephritinae: relationships of the tribes and subtribes. In: Aluja, M. &amp; Norrbom, A. L., eds. Fruit Flies (Tephritidae): Phylogeny and Evolution of Behaviour. CRC Press, Boca Raton, 549 - 580.", "Han, H. - Y., Ro, K. - E., McPheron, B. A. 2006. Molecular phylogeny of the subfamily Tephritinae (Diptera: Tephritidae) based on mitochondrial 16 S rDNA sequences. Molecules and Cells, 22 (1), 78 - 88.", "Korneyev, V. A., Zwolfer, H., Seitz, A. 2004. Phylogenetic relationships, ecology and ecological genetics of cecidogeneous Tephritidae. In: Raman, A., Schaefer, C. W., Withers, T. M., eds. Biology, Ecology and Evolution of Gall-Inducing Arthropods. Science Publishers, Enfield, New Hampshire, USA, 321 - 371.", "Hancock, D. L. 2001. Systematic notes on the genera of Australian and some non-Australian Tephritinae (Diptera: Tephritidae). Australian Entomologist, 28 (4), 111 - 116.", "Basov, V. M., Korneyev, V. A. 1987. Exit of tephritid flies (Diptera, Tephritidae) from their larval chambers. Problems of general and molecular biology. Kiev, 6, 47 - 51 [In Russian]."]}