cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Refining the UGT1A Haplotype Associated with Irinotecan-Induced Hematological Toxicity in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Patients Treated with 5-Fluorouracil/Irinotecan-Based Regimens
Creators: name: Toffoli, G.
name: Innocenti, F.
name: Cecchin, E.
name: Harvey, M.
name: Levesque, E.
name: Jonker, D.
name: Guillemette, C.
name: Couture, F.
name: Belanger, A.-S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Despite the importance of UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) 1A1*28 in irinotecan pharmacogenetics, our capability to predict drug-induced severe toxicity remains limited. We aimed at identifying novel genetic markers that would improve prediction of irinotecan toxicity and response in advanced colorectal cancer patients treated with folic acid (leucovorin), fluorouracil (5-FU), and irinotecan (camptosar)-based regimens. The relationships between UGT1A candidate markers across the gene (n = 21) and toxicity were prospectively evaluated in 167 patients. We included variants in the 3′untranscribed region (3′UTR) of the UGT1A locus, not studied in this context yet. These genetic markers were further investigated in 250 Italian FOLFIRI-treated patients. Several functional UGT1A variants, including UGT1A1*28, significantly influenced risk of severe hematologic toxicity. As previously reported in the Italian cohort, a 5-marker risk haplotype [haplotype II (HII); UGTs 1A9/1A7/1A1] was associated with severe neutropenia in our cohort [odds ratio (OR) = 2.43; P = 0.004]. The inclusion of a 3′UTR single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) permitted refinement of the previously defined HI, in which HIa was associated with the absence of severe neutropenia in combined cohorts (OR = 0.55; P = 0.038). Among all tested UGT1A variations and upon multivariate analyses, no UGT1A1 SNPs remained significant, whereas three SNPs located in the central region of UGT1A were linked to neutropenia grade 3–4. Haplotype analyses of these markers with the 3′UTR SNP allowed the identification of a protective HI (OR = 0.50; P = 0.048) and two risk haplotypes, HII and HIII, characterized by 2 and 3 unfavorable alleles, respectively, revealing a dosage effect (ORs of 2.15 and 5.28; P ≤ 0.030). Our results suggest that specific SNPs in UGT1A, other than UGT1A1*28, may influence irinotecan toxicity and should be considered to refine pharmacogenetic testing.
Scintillation Light from Cosmic-Ray Muons in Liquid Argon
Creators: name: Whittington, Denver
name: Mufson, Stuart
name: Howard, Bruce
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper reports the results of an experiment to directly measure the time-resolved scintillation signal from the passage of cosmic-ray muons through liquid argon. Scintillation light from these muons is of value to studies of weakly-interacting particles in neutrino experiments and dark matter searches. The experiment was carried out at the TallBo dewar facility at Fermilab using prototype light guide detectors and electronics developed for the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment. Two models are presented for the time structure of the scintillation light, a phenomenological model and a composite model. Both models find $τ_{\text{T}} = 1.52$ $μ$s for the decay time constant of the Ar$_2^*$ triplet state. These models also show that the identification of the "early" light fraction in the phenomenological model, $F_{\text{E}}\approx 25\%$ of the signal, with the total light from singlet decays is an underestimate. The total fraction of singlet light is $F_{\text{S}} \approx 36\%$, where the increase over $F_{\text{E}}$ is from singlet light emitted by the wavelength shifter through processes with long decay constants. The models were further used to compute the experimental particle identification parameter $F_{\text{prompt}}$, the fraction of light coming in a short time window after the trigger compared with the light in the total recorded waveform. The models reproduce quite well the typical experimental value $\sim0.3$ found by dark matter and double $β$-decay experiments, which suggests this parameter provides a robust metric for discriminating electrons and muons from more heavily ionizing particles.
description: 30 pages, 10 figures. This experiment has been repeated with improved data quality and analysis techniques
title: Mit Flexicurity durch die (Corona) Krise
Creators: name: Michlits, Linda
Year: 2021

description: Während das Flexicurity-Arbeitsmodell in Dänemark als Regierungsgrundsatz weit etabliert ist, wurde Österreich durch die Corona-Pandemie in den Jahren 2020-2021 erstmals unabhängig von den von der EU vorgegebenen Richtlinien mit dem Modell konfrontiert. Anhand der von Seiffert und Keller (2002) definierten Grundprinzipien wurden die Arbeitsmarktsituationen der beiden Länder mit der methodischen vergleichenden Fallanalyse während der Zeit der Pandemie in den Jahren 2020 und 2021 hinsichtlich der Anwendung des Flexicurity-Modells und den daraus resultierenden ökonomischen sowie sozialpolitischen Folgen untersucht. Es erfolgte eine Gegenüberstellung von Entwicklungen und veröffentlichten Statistiken von unter anderem der WHO, ILO und OECD, aber auch nationalen Instanzen wie der Statistik Austria bzw. Dänemark oder AMS Österreich bzw. Dänemark. Daraus ging ein leichter Vorteil seitens Dänemark bei der spontanen Reaktion auf die Wirtschaftliche Extremsituation hervor, zurückzuführen ist dies auf die infrastrukturellen (flexiblen) Arbeitsmarktbedingungen und den Digitalisierungsfortschritt. Bei der Investition in das Humankapital, das den Bildungssektor und das Lebenslange Lernen umfasst, sowie der Grundsicherung, gibt es wenige signifikante Unterschiede. Ebenso beim Verlauf der Arbeitslosigkeit, welcher in Dänemark aber vermehrt durch die Propaganda und das Angebot von Bildungskompetenzerweiterungen bekämpft wird.
description: While the Flexicurity-Model is well established as a government principal in Denmark, Austria was confronted with it for the first time during the corona-pandemic in 2020-2021 since the guidelines set by the EU. Leaning on the basic principles defined by Seiffert and Keller (2002), the labour market situations in the two countries were examined with the methodical comparative case study analysis during the period of the pandemic in the years 2020 and 2021 with regard to the application of the flexicurity model and the resulting economic and socio-political consequences. There was a comparison of developments and published statistics from WHO, ILO and OECD, but also national agencies such as Statistics Austria and Denmark or AMS Austria and Denmark. This resulted in a slight advantage on Denmark in the spontaneous reaction to the extreme economic situation, which can be traced back to the infrastructural (flexible) labour market conditions and the progress made in digitalization. There are a few significant differences in the investment in human capital, which includes the education sector and Lifelong Learning, and the basic income support. The same applies to unemployment, which is in Denmark increasingly being combated by propaganda and the provision of educational skill expansion, though.
Barotropic FRW cosmologies with Chiellini damping
Creators: name: Rosu, Haret C.
name: Mancas, Stefan C.
name: Chen, Pisin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is known that barotropic FRW equations written in the conformal time variable can be reduced to simple linear equations for an exponential function involving the conformal Hubble rate. Here, we show that an interesting class of barotropic universes can be obtained in the linear limit of a special type of nonlinear dissipative Ermakov-Pinney equations with the nonlinear dissipation built from Chiellini's integrability condition. These cosmologies, which evolutionary are similar to the standard ones, correspond to barotropic fluids with adiabatic indices rescaled by a particular factor and have amplitudes of the scale factors inverse proportional to the adiabatic index
description: 11 pages, 4 figures
JAPPL-00769-2022 Supplemental Tables
Creators: name: Naruse, Masatoshi
name: Fountain, William
name: Claiborne, Alex
name: Finch, Holmes
name: Trappe, Scott
name: Trappe, Todd
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Exercise physiology

description: Table S1. Participant characteristics by sex and race
 Table S2. Five-year changes in muscle cross-sectional area by sex and race
Evaluation of Minimum Standard for Prison Library Collections and Prisoner Reading Activities in Bulgaria
Creators: name: Tsvetkova, Milena
name: Andrekova, Sashka
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: reading in prison
access to books
books to prisoners
prison libraries
prison literacy
prison education
prisons
prisoners
Bulgaria
UNESCO Institute for Lifelong Learning
IFLA

description: The report was prepared at the request of the UIL Library in UNESCO Institute for Lifelong Learning (UIL), Hamburg, Germany. The authors would like to thank the Directorate “Execution of Punishments” of the Ministry of Justice of the Republic of Bulgaria for the collection of the field data. They would also like to thank the Sofia University Science Fund for the research grant (contract No 80-10-9/16.04.2018) that made this report possible. The funder had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. The findings and opinions expressed here do not necessarily reflect the position or policies of the Ministry of Justice of the Republic of Bulgaria. This report may be quoted or abstracted with proper citation.
description: Technical Report for the UIL Library in UNESCO Institute for Lifelong Learning (UIL), Hamburg, Germany. Sofia, Bulgaria, 2018.
description: {"references": ["Tsvetkova, Milena, Andrekova, Sashka. The right to read behind bars: Access to books and libraries in the prisons in Bulgaria. Russian Journal of Sociology, 2016, Vol. 4, Is. 2, pp. 62-73. DOI: 10.13187/rjs.2016.4.62", "BHC. Handbook for Municipal monitoring committees activities. Sofia: Bulgarian Helsinki Committee, 2009, pp. 33-39. [in Bulgarian]"]}
title: ProSAAS and Neurodegenerative Diseases
Creators: name: Battle, Cydney
Publisher: name: Old Dominion University Libraries
Year: 2023

description: Neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease, prion diseases, Huntington’s disease, and Parkinson’s disease undeniably wreak havoc on the system of the body. The catastrophic effects of neurodegenerative diseases are felt by the reality of being incurable and the resulting effect of the progressive degeneration of the individual’s physical and mental stature. Through continuous research, experimentation, and an understanding of how neurodegenerative diseases develop and function, scientific tactics against the development and progression of these diseases will be uncovered. The abnormal aggregation of proteins is largely attributed to the development of neurodegenerative diseases. In the instance of abnormal protein aggregation, the study of proSAAS, an anti-aggregate chaperone protein, is newfound and viewed as profound in the scientific community.
Magnetic susceptibility of a strongly interacting thermal medium with 2+1 quark flavors
Creators: name: Kamikado, Kazuhiko
name: Kanazawa, Takuya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Thermodynamics of the three-flavor quark-meson model with axial anomaly is studied in the presence of external magnetic fields. The nonperturbative functional renormalization group is employed in order to incorporate quantum and thermal fluctuations beyond the mean-field approximation. We calculate the magnetic susceptibility with proper renormalization and find that the system is diamagnetic in the hadron phase and paramagnetic in the hot plasma phase. The obtained values of the magnetic susceptibility are in reasonable agreement with the data from first-principle lattice QCD. Comparison with the mean-field approximation, the Hadron Resonance Gas model and a free gas with temperature-dependent masses is also made.
description: 28 pages, 5 figures
Translational studies of phenotypic probes for the mononuclear phagocyte system and liposomal pharmacologys
Creators: name: Clarke-Pearson, D. L.
name: La-Beck, N. M.
name: Newman, S. E.
name: Van Le, L.
name: Lay, J. C.
name: Zamboni, W. C.
name: Gehrig, P. A.
name: Monaco, J. H.
name: Kumar, P.
name: Brewster, W. R.
name: Caron, W. P.
name: Bae-Jump, V. L.
name: Zhou, H.
name: Fong, A. M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: As nanoparticles (NPs) are cleared via phagocytes of the mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS), we hypothesized that the function of circulating monocytes and dendritic cells (MO/DC) in blood can predict NP clearance (CL). We measured MO/DC phagocytosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in mice, rats, dogs, and patients with refractory solid tumors. Pharmacokinetic studies of polyethylene glycol (PEG)-encapsulated liposomal doxorubicin (PEGylated liposomal doxirubicin [PLD]), CKD-602 (S-CKD602), and cisplatin (SPI-077) were performed at the maximum tolerated dose. MO/DC function was also evaluated in patients with recurrent epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) administered PLD. Across species, a positive association was observed between cell function and CL of PEGylated liposomes. In patients with EOC, associations were observed between PLD CL and phagocytosis (R2 = 0.43, P = 0.04) and ROS production (R2 = 0.61, P = 0.008) in blood MO/DC. These findings suggest that probes of MPS function may help predict PEGylated liposome CL across species and PLD CL in patients with EOC.
Interlayer Water Regulates the Bio-nano Interface of a \b{eta}-sheet Protein stacking on Graphene
Creators: name: Lv, Wenping
name: Xu, Guiju
name: Zhang, Hongyan
name: Li, Xin
name: Liu, Shengju
name: Niu, Huan
name: Xu, Dongsheng
name: Wu, Renan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using molecular dynamics simulations, we investigated an integrated bio-nano interface consisting of a \b{eta}-sheet protein stacked onto graphene. We found that the stacking assembly of the model protein on graphene could be controlled by water molecules. The interlayer water filled within interstices of the bio-nano interface could suppress the molecular vibration of surface groups on protein, and could impair the CH...π interaction driving the attraction of the protein and graphene. The intermolecular coupling of interlayer water would be relaxed by the relative motion of protein upon graphene due to the interaction between water and protein surface. This effect reduced the hindrance of the interlayer water against the assembly of protein on graphene, resulting an appropriate adsorption status of protein on graphene with a deep free energy trap. Thereby, the confinement and the relative sliding between protein and graphene, the coupling of protein and water, and the interaction between graphene and water all have involved in the modulation of behaviors of water molecules within the bio-nano interface, governing the hindrance of interlayer water against the protein assembly on hydrophobic graphene. These results provide a deep insight into the fundamental mechanism of protein adsorption onto graphene surface in water.
description: 29 pages and 7 figures
A Multiresolution Stochastic Process Model for Predicting Basketball Possession Outcomes
Creators: name: Cervone, Daniel
name: D'Amour, Alex
name: Bornn, Luke
name: Goldsberry, Kirk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Basketball games evolve continuously in space and time as players constantly interact with their teammates, the opposing team, and the ball. However, current analyses of basketball outcomes rely on discretized summaries of the game that reduce such interactions to tallies of points, assists, and similar events. In this paper, we propose a framework for using optical player tracking data to estimate, in real time, the expected number of points obtained by the end of a possession. This quantity, called \textit{expected possession value} (EPV), derives from a stochastic process model for the evolution of a basketball possession; we model this process at multiple levels of resolution, differentiating between continuous, infinitesimal movements of players, and discrete events such as shot attempts and turnovers. Transition kernels are estimated using hierarchical spatiotemporal models that share information across players while remaining computationally tractable on very large data sets. In addition to estimating EPV, these models reveal novel insights on players' decision-making tendencies as a function of their spatial strategy.
description: 31 pages, 9 figures
title: Mehrsprachigkeit und Multikulturalität in Wiener Mittelschulen
Creators: name: Arslan, Meltem
Year: 2021

description: Die vorliegende Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit dem professionellen Umgang mit kultureller und sprachlicher Heterogenität in Wiener Mittelschulen. Im theoretischen Teil werden Macht- und Dominanzverhältnisse thematisiert, die bestimmte Heterogenitätskonstruktionen in der Gesellschaft sowie in der Schule erzeugen und dadurch SchülerInnen in bestimmten Kategorien positioniert werden Diese Machtverhältnisse beeinflussen die Handlungsweisen der Lehrpersonen mit SchülerInnen und den Umgang mit Mehrsprachigkeit und Multikulturalität. Diese Masterarbeit hinterfragt, wie LehrerInnen in Wiener Mittelschulen diese beide Phänomene wahrnehmen und wie sie damit umgehen, wodurch sich die eigene Positionierung in den Machtverhältnissen herausstellt. Für die Untersuchung wurden drei Lehrpersonen mit Migrationsgeschichte und drei ohne Migrationsgeschichte anhand von leitfadengestützten Interviews befragt. Die Ergebnisse besagen, dass insbesondere Lehrpersonen ohne Migrationsgeschichte einen defizitorientierten Blick und einen geringen differenzfreundlichen Umgang mit mehrsprachigen und mehrkulturellen Kindern aufweisen. Lehrpersonen mit Migrationsbiographie haben aufgrund der eigenen Biographie ein breiteres Einfühlungsvermögen, werden aber oft als IntegrationsbotschafterInnen in den Schulen betrachtet.
description: The present work deals with the professional handling of cultural and linguistic heterogeneity in Viennese secondary schools. In the theoretical part, power and dominance relationships are thematized, which create certain constructions of heterogeneity in society and school, and thus students are positioned in certain categories.This master's thesis questions how teachers in Viennese secondary schools perceive these two phenomena and how they deal with them, which reveals their own positioning in the power balance. For the study, three teachers with a history of migration and three without a history of migration were questioned based on guided interviews. The results indicate that teachers without a history of migration have a deficit-oriented view and minor difference-friendly handling of multilingual and multicultural children. Teachers with a migration biography have broader empathy due to their own biography but are often seen as integration ambassadors in schools.
Assessment of a Candidate Marker Constituent Predictive of a Dietary Substance-Drug Interaction: Case Study with Grapefruit Juice and CYP3A4 Drug Substrates
Creators: name: Li, Y.
name: Paine, M. F.
name: Scarlett, Y. V.
name: Ainslie, G. R.
name: Hull, J. H.
name: Wolf, K. K.
name: Connolly, E. A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Dietary substances, including herbal products and citrus juices, can perpetrate interactions with conventional medications. Regulatory guidances for dietary substance–drug interaction assessment are lacking. This deficiency is due in part to challenges unique to dietary substances, a lack of requisite human-derived data, and limited jurisdiction. An in vitro–in vivo extrapolation (IVIVE) approach to help address some of these hurdles was evaluated using the exemplar dietary substance grapefruit juice (GFJ), the candidate marker constituent 6′,7′-dihydroxybergamottin (DHB), and the purported victim drug loperamide. First, the GFJ-loperamide interaction was assessed in 16 healthy volunteers. Loperamide (16 mg) was administered with 240 ml of water or GFJ; plasma was collected from 0 to 72 hours. Relative to water, GFJ increased the geometric mean loperamide area under the plasma concentration–time curve (AUC) significantly (1.7-fold). Second, the mechanism-based inhibition kinetics for DHB were recovered using human intestinal microsomes and the index CYP3A4 reaction, loperamide N-desmethylation (KI [concentration needed to achieve one-half kinact], 5.0 ± 0.9 µM; kinact [maximum inactivation rate constant], 0.38 ± 0.02 minute−1). These parameters were incorporated into a mechanistic static model, which predicted a 1.6-fold increase in loperamide AUC. Third, the successful IVIVE prompted further application to 15 previously reported GFJ-drug interaction studies selected according to predefined criteria. Twelve of the interactions were predicted to within the 25% predefined criterion. Results suggest that DHB could be used to predict the CYP3A4-mediated effect of GFJ. This time- and cost-effective IVIVE approach could be applied to other dietary substance–drug interactions to help prioritize new and existing drugs for more advanced (dynamic) modeling and simulation and clinical assessment.
Creation of quantum error correcting codes in the ultrastrong coupling regime
Creators: name: Kyaw, T. H.
name: Herrera-Martı, D. A.
name: Solano, E.
name: Romero, G.
name: Kwek, L. -C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose to construct large quantum graph codes by means of superconducting circuits working at the ultrastrong coupling regime. In this physical scenario, we are able to create a cluster state between any pair of qubits within a fraction of a nanosecond. To exemplify our proposal, creation of the five-qubit and Steane codes is numerically simulated. We also provide optimal operating conditions with which the graph codes can be realized with state-of-the-art superconducting technologies.
description: Added a new appendix section
VESSEL ASSOCIATED PROGENITOR CELLS AS A PROMISING CELL-BASED APPROACH TO TREAT CYSTIC FIBROSIS DISEASE
Creators: name: VEZZALI, CHIARA
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2016

description: Cystic Fibrosis (CF) is the most common autosomal recessive genetic disorder in Caucasian population. It is caused by mutations in the gene that encodes for the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein, which functions mainly as anion channel and is primarily expressed in the apical membrane of secretory epithelia. Lung disease, characterized by airway obstruction, inflammation and bacterial infection is the leading cause of death. At variance with some pharmacological approaches, no efficacious gene and cell therapy have been proved to date. Advances in the application of stem cells have generated hope that, by the use of this new potential tool, it will be possible to provide therapeutic treatments for CF, where current therapies are still inadequate. Our laboratory worked for several years on mesoangioblasts (MABs), blood vessel-associated progenitor cells that can differentiate into different mesoderm cell types. When delivered in the arterial circulation, MABs cross the vessel wall and participate to skeletal muscle regeneration, ameliorating signs of Muscular Dystrophies in different pre-clinical animal models. For these reasons they have been used in a trial in human patients that definitely demonstrated that the transplantation of donor MABs in humans is feasible and safe. During studies on MABs isolated from adult mouse skeletal muscle (mMABs) we observed that, when systemically transplanted in healthy, wild type mouse model, mMABs surprisingly engraft lung, tracheal and intestinal epithelium up to one month from a single transplantation trough the caudal vein. Due to this striking evidence, included MAB capability to express CFTR, we proposed to investigate on a possible use of MABs as a therapeutic tool for CF disease. In this work we present strong evidence that the transplantation of mMABs in two different CF mouse models leads to a rescue of CF phenotype. We demonstrated that mMABs engraft the respiratory and the intestinal epithelium in CF mice up to six months from their single transplantation, leading to a functional rescue of CFTR-dependent chloride current. Notably, once engrafted in the epithelium, mMABs express typical epithelial markers, revealing an unexpected and powerful relevant ability of MABs to differentiate into epithelial cells, thus contributing to airways and intestine homeostasis and biology. Overall, these data demonstrate that MABs are eligible for a cell-based therapy of CF.
Arc-Search Infeasible Interior-Point Algorithm for Linear Programming
Creators: name: Yang, Yaguang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Mehrotra's algorithm has been the most successful infeasible interior-point algorithm for linear programming since 1990. Most popular interior-point software packages for linear programming are based on Mehrotra's algorithm. This paper proposes an alternative algorithm, arc-search infeasible interior-point algorithm. We will demonstrate, by testing Netlib problems and comparing the test results obtained by arc-search infeasible interior-point algorithm and Mehrotra's algorithm, that the proposed arc-search infeasible interior-point algorithm is a more efficient algorithm than Mehrotra's algorithm.
title: Cohomology of the structure sheaf of Deligne--Lusztig varieties for GLₙ
Creators: name: Wang, Yingying
Publisher: name: Bergische Universität Wuppertal
Year: 2022

description: In this paper, we give a description of the cohomology groups of the structure sheaf on smooth compactifications X̄(w) of Deligne--Lusztig varieties X(w) for GLₙ, for all elements w in the Weyl group. To this end we adapt the double induction on the presentation and length of w from [Orl18] for ℓ-adic cohomology. Then we use the Artin--Schreier--Witt sequence to obtain the mod pᵐ and integral p-adic étale cohomology of X̄(w). Moreover, using our result for X̄(w) and a spectral sequence associated to a stratification of X̄(w), we deduce the mod pᵐ and integral p-adic étale cohomology with compact support of X(w).
Improving Exoplanet Atmospheric Retrievals with a Learning-Based Pressure-Temperature Profile Model
Creators: name: Konrad, Björn S.
name: Gebhard, Timothy D.
name: Angerhausen, Daniel
name: Alei, Eleonora
name: Quanz, Sascha P.
name: Schölkopf, Bernhard
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Atmospheric retrievals are commonly used to infer exoplanet properties (e.g., the chemical composition of the atmosphere) from an observed spectrum. A retrieval framework requires a forward model (calculates the spectrum corresponding to a set of model parameters) and a Bayesian inference scheme (samples the space of model parameters in search of the best combination). One important component of the forward model is the pressure-temperature (PT) profile, which describes the thermal structure of the atmosphere. Retrievals typically employ parametric functions to describe the atmospheric PT structure (e.g., polynomials in Konrad et al. 2022). While being versatile, such parametric forward models are not physical. Thus, we have no guarantee that the retrieved PT structure describes a physically possible atmospheric state. Furthermore, parametric forward models require large parameter numbers (more than 4), which slows down the atmospheric retrieval routine. We employ a new Machine Learning (ML) approach to parameterize the PT structure of exoplanet atmospheres in retrieval studies. This new approach requires fewer parameters (only two) and is trained on physically accurate PT profiles. We train our ML model on the PyAtmos data set (Bell at al. 2018, Chopra et al. 2018), which consists of more than 100000 physically and chemically self-consistent PT profiles of Earth-like planets around a solar-type star, which were calculated with Atmos (a one-dimensional coupled photochemistry-climate model; Arney et al. 2016, Meadows et al. 2018). To prove the applicability of the ML PT Model, we run atmospheric retrievals on a low resolution (R=50) MIR thermal emission spectrum of an Earth-twin exoplanet. We find that employing our ML PT model speeds up the retrieval significantly over the baseline retrieval with a polynomial PT model (by roughly 50%). The retrieved values for most planetary and atmospheric parameters are comparable. However, the retrieval that employs the ML PT model provides better estimates for the atmospheric PT structure than the polynomial baseline. These retrieval runs show the potential of ML-base PT models for atmospheric retrievals. Such models provide a physically accurate description of atmospheric PT profiles while requiring less parameters than the commonly used parametric PT models. References: Arney, G., Domagal-Goldman, S. D., Meadows, V. S., et al. 2016, Astrobiology, 16, 873 Bell, A., Chopra, A., Fawcett, W., et al. 2018, in 5th Workshop on Challenges in Machine Learning (NeurIPS) Chopra, A. et al. 2018, About the FDL PyATMOS dataset Konrad, B. S., Alei, E., Quanz, S. P., et al. 2022, A&A, 664, A23 Meadows, V. S., Arney, G. N., Schwieterman, E. W., et al. 2018, Astrobiology, 18, 13
Chain rules for quantum Rényi entropies
Creators: name: Dupuis, Frédéric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present chain rules for a new definition of the quantum Rényi conditional entropy sometimes called the "sandwiched" Rényi conditional entropy. More precisely, we prove analogues of the equation $H(AB|C) = H(A|BC) + H(B|C)$, which holds as an identity for the von Neumann conditional entropy. In the case of the Rényi entropy, this relation no longer holds as an equality, but survives as an inequality of the form $H_α(AB|C) \geqslant H_β(A|BC) + H_γ(B|C)$, where the parameters $α, β, γ$ obey the relation $\fracα{α-1} = \fracβ{β-1} + \fracγ{γ-1}$ and $(α-1)(β-1)(γ-1) > 1$; if $(α-1)(β-1)(γ-1) < 1$, the direction of the inequality is reversed.
description: Same as published version, different formatting
Fano resonance in the nonadiabatic pumped shot noise of a time-dependent potential well
Creators: name: Dai, Jiao-Hua
name: Zhu, Rui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the Floquet scattering theory to study the correlation properties of the nonadiabatic pumped dc current and heat flow through a time-dependent potential well. Oscillator induced quasibound states of electrons can transit to the Floquet states leading to resonant tunneling effect. Virtual electron scattering processes can produce pumped heat flow, pumped shot noise and pumped heat flow noise, with presence of time and spatial reversal symmetry. When one of the Floquet levels matches the quasibound level there strikes a "Fano" resonance.
QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE SPEECH AND LIP MOVEMENTS THROUGH OPTOELECTRONIC MOTION ANALYSIS AND SURFACE ELETROMYOGRAPHY
Creators: name: SIDEQUERSKY, FERNANDA VINCIA
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2013

description: Functional impairments of facial movements alter the quality of life, and their quantitative analysis is a key step in the description and grading of facial function and dysfunction. In this investigation we assessed the symmetry of lip movements in verbal and non-verbal movements in healthy subjects. A non-invasive recording protocol, integrating an electromyographic system and an optoelectronic 3D-motion analyzer, has been developed and used to detect lip movements in verbal and non-verbal movements. Two separate investigations have been made. In the first study, functional symmetries of the lip movements were assessed in a control group of clinically healthy subjects. Data were evaluated separately for men and women, and a gender-related effect was tested. The aim of the second study was to assess the onset of the EMG activity of zygomaticus and depressor labii inferioris muscles that play a role in speech pronunciation and smiling movements. The outcomes suggest that the proposed method could be a useful tool to evaluate the asymmetry of the lips and of the facial muscles during the performance of smiling, lip purse and speech pronunciation, and to detect functionally altered facial conditions.
Hygienefachpersonal – wann ist der Bedarf gedeckt?
Creators: name: Stoliaroff-Pépin, Anna
name: Arvand, Mardjan
name: Mielke, Martin
Publisher: name: Robert Koch-Institut
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Das Hygiene­fach­per­so­nal hat die Auf­gabe, Maß­nahmen zu im­ple­men­tieren, die Kranken­haus­infektionen ver­hindern. Die für die Patienten­sicherheit not­wendige adäquate Personal­aus­stattung ist zur­zeit auf­grund eines Mangels an quali­fi­ziertem Fach­personal nicht gegeben. Das Epi­de­mi­o­lo­gischen Bulletin 45/2018 gibt eine Über­sicht über die Quali­fi­ka­tion und Auf­gaben der im Be­reich Hygiene tätigen Berufs­gruppen, wieviele von ihnen in den Kranken­häusern in Deutsch­land tätig sind – und wie­viele nach einer Modell­rechnung ge­braucht werden.
L'ASSICURAZIONE ISLAMICA (CD. TAKAFUL): LEGAL TRANSPLANT E MODELLI A CONFRONTO
Creators: name: BENARAFA, JIHANE
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2021

description: For a long time, the notion of insurance has been considered incompatible with the principles and rules of the Muslim community. In Islam, in fact, every aspect of life is governed by Allah?s teaching which abhor uncertainty and risk in stark contrast with the legal and economic characteristics of traditional insurance. In addition to the risk of occurrence of the event for which insurance is sought, other aspects conflict with the principles of Islamic law such as the difference between premiums paid to and the payouts by the insurance company, the use of premiums in fruit-bearing instruments, delays in payment of premiums with interests and penalties, uncertainty as to the object and duration of the contracts and so forth. That being said, in Islam and other communities bound by different religious beliefs, the need for protection and stability is strong and demands an effective answer by the legal framework. The takaful has been such answer by Islamic law experts to traditional insurance to respond to the need for protections which is a primary need for all human beings, even if obliged to follow the precepts of Islam. It is a fully shari?ah-compliant alternative to provide coverage against risk and is based on solidarity, mutuality and the prohibition of riba (interest), gharar (uncertainty) and maysir (speculation). The takaful model was first developed in 1985 and has ever since established itself within the Muslim community. It is recently new and, therefore, the questions which we must answer are: is there a possibility to transplant the model in a non-religious system of law? Is the takaful architecture compatible with the structure of traditional insurance. What are the solutions to offer shari?ah-compliant instruments to respond to the need of protection in specific territories and which have been neglected by traditional insurance operators? Undoubtedly there is a measure of convergence between traditional insurance and takaful such as the function (i.e. to insure against risk), payment of a premium or a sum of money and the payout in case an event occurs. However, the structure is quite different as takaful requires the creation of two funds and a management role which differs from traditional insurance. In addition, a shari?ah board is often included within the takaful model which does not exist in traditional insurance. It is from this starting point, made of similarities and differences, that the following dissertation moves in order to answer the questions above.
Electrochemical Properties of Layered NaxNix/2Mn1−x/2O2 (0.5 ≤ x ≤ 1.1) with P3 Structure as Cathode for Sodium-Ion Batteries
Creators: name: Yang, Liangtao
name: Sun, Yanan
name: Adelhelm, Philipp
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: cathode materials
subject: energy storage
subject: layered oxides
subject: sodium-ion batteries
subject: 620 Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten
subject: 540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften

description: The Na properties of Ni and Mn containing layered oxides of the type Na x Ni x/2Mn1−x/2O2 are explored between Na contents of 0.5≤x≤1.1. Charge balance is maintained by adjusting the Ni/Mn ratio. X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy are used to characterize the structure and morphology. The primary phase for all as-synthesized materials is P3, especially at Na contents below x ≤ 0.8. Samples with a Na content of x ≥ 0.9 lead to the formation of Na and Ni secondary phases. The Na storage properties are studied in half cells with two different voltage windows between 1.5–4.0 V and 2.2–4.5 V (vs Na+/Na). Ni and Mn redox are active between 1.5 and 4.0 V accompanying three voltage plateaus at 3.7, 3.0, and 2.1 V, respectively. An additional high-voltage plateau (>4.0 V) is observed when increasing the cutoff voltage to 4.5 V. The initial Na content has a strong influence on the discharge capacity which ranges from 90 mAh g−1 (x = 1.1) to 210 mAh g−1 (x = 0.6). C-rate tests up to 2C and cycle life over 150 cycles are discussed. Overall, the composition Na0.6Ni0.3Mn0.7O2 shows the most favorable properties with respect to capacity retention, rate capability, and initial Coulomb efficiency.
BigDataGrapes D5.1 - Interactive Visualisation Components
Creators: name: Verbert, Katrien
name: Htun, Nyi Nyi
name: Gutierrez, Francisco
name: Rojo, Diego
name: Katsivelis-Perakis, Panagis
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: visualisation components; agriculture; big data

description: The first deliverable of work package 5 is to develop interactive visualisation components in order to leverage interpretation and understanding of complex data. As a starting point, a systematic review was conducted where we thoroughly analysed a total of 140 research papers and found various decision support systems and visualisation tools that have been proposed in the domain of agriculture. Based on the findings of the review, we have developed a total of six interactive visualisation components. They were designed to be flexible, reusable, responsive and interactive. In this document, we present deliverable 5.1 with an extended focus on the components. This document is structured as follows. Chapter 1 lays out an introduction to the deliverable describing the existing work and motivations. In Chapter 2, the components are described in detail together with their development method and framework. Chapter 3 provides a user manual with instructions on how to reuse the components. This document concludes with Chapter 4 where a summary of the deliverable is underlined. Note: As the components will be updated in the future in order to meet partners’ requirements, we will keep this document up to date accordingly. To keep track of such changes, please use this link: https://goo.gl/wvFqWy. The systematic review is currently being updated following the reviews from partners. Please use the following link to see the draft manuscript and to keep track of changes:
 https://www.sharelatex.com/read/phvzgtxbvsry. The manuscript will be submitted to the journal of Computers and Electronics in Agriculture. Update: The manuscript of the systematic review was submitted to the journal of Computers and Electronics in Agriculture in January 2019 and was published in June 2019. It is available online at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2019.05.053.
Quantum origin of suppression for vacuum fluctuations of energy
Creators: name: Balitsky, Ja. V.
name: Kiselev, V. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By example of a model with a spatially global scalar field, we show that the energy density of zero-point modes is exponentially suppressed by an average number of field quanta in a finite volume with respect to the energy density in the stationary state of minimal energy. We describe cosmological implications of mechanism.
description: 10 pages, revTeX4; comments and references added
Strong converse exponents for a quantum channel discrimination problem and quantum-feedback-assisted communication
Creators: name: Cooney, Tom
name: Mosonyi, Milán
name: Wilde, Mark M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper studies the difficulty of discriminating between an arbitrary quantum channel and a "replacer" channel that discards its input and replaces it with a fixed state. We show that, in this particular setting, the most general adaptive discrimination strategies provide no asymptotic advantage over non-adaptive tensor-power strategies. This conclusion follows by proving a quantum Stein's lemma for this channel discrimination setting, showing that a constant bound on the Type I error leads to the Type II error decreasing to zero exponentially quickly at a rate determined by the maximum relative entropy registered between the channels. The strong converse part of the lemma states that any attempt to make the Type II error decay to zero at a rate faster than the channel relative entropy implies that the Type I error necessarily converges to one. We then refine this latter result by identifying the optimal strong converse exponent for this task. As a consequence of these results, we can establish a strong converse theorem for the quantum-feedback-assisted capacity of a channel, sharpening a result due to Bowen. Furthermore, our channel discrimination result demonstrates the asymptotic optimality of a non-adaptive tensor-power strategy in the setting of quantum illumination, as was used in prior work on the topic. The sandwiched Renyi relative entropy is a key tool in our analysis. Finally, by combining our results with recent results of Hayashi and Tomamichel, we find a novel operational interpretation of the mutual information of a quantum channel N as the optimal type II error exponent when discriminating between a large number of independent instances of N and an arbitrary "worst-case" replacer channel chosen from the set of all replacer channels.
description: v3: 35 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in Communications in Mathematical Physics
The Prognostic and Discriminatory Utility of the Clinical Frailty Scale and Modified Frailty Index Compared to Age.
Creators: name: Carter, Ben
name: Keevil, Victoria L
name: Anand, Atul
name: Osuafor, Christopher N
name: Goudie, Robert JB
name: Preller, Jacobus
name: Lowry, Matthew
name: Clunie, Sarah
name: Shenkin, Susan D
name: McCarthy, Kathryn
name: Hewitt, Jonathan
name: Quinn, Terence J
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: older people
COVID-19
frailty
clinical frailty scale
modified frailty index
prognosis

description: Background: There is no consensus on the optimal method for the assessment of frailty. We compared the prognostic utility of two approaches (modified Frailty Index [mFI], Clinical Frailty Scale [CFS]) in older adults (≥65 years) hospitalised with COVID-19 versus age. Methods: We used a test and validation cohort that enrolled participants hospitalised with COVID-19 between 27 February and 30 June 2020. Multivariable mixed-effects logistic modelling was undertaken, with 28-day mortality as the primary outcome. Nested models were compared between a base model, age and frailty assessments using likelihood ratio testing (LRT) and an area under the receiver operating curves (AUROC). Results: The primary cohort enrolled 998 participants from 13 centres. The median age was 80 (range:65-101), 453 (45%) were female, and 377 (37.8%) died within 28 days. The sample was replicated in a validation cohort of two additional centres (n = 672) with similar characteristics. In the primary cohort, both mFI and CFS were associated with mortality in the base models. There was improved precision when fitting CFS to the base model +mFI (LRT = 25.87, p < 0.001); however, there was no improvement when fitting mFI to the base model +CFS (LRT = 1.99, p = 0.16). AUROC suggested increased discrimination when fitting CFS compared to age (p = 0.02) and age +mFI (p = 0.03). In contrast, the mFI offered no improved discrimination in any comparison (p > 0.05). Similar findings were seen in the validation cohort. Conclusions: These observations suggest the CFS has superior prognostic value to mFI in predicting mortality following COVID-19. Our data do not support the use of the mFI as a tool to aid clinical decision-making and prognosis.
title: Die Buntheit des Bösen
Creators: name: Andel, Rebecca
Year: 2021

description: Basierend auf der Beobachtung, dass der Teufel als literarische Figur im Mittelalter keine einheitliche Farbsymbolik aufweist, gibt vorliegende Arbeit durch die Bearbeitung diverser Beispiele aus der mittelalterlichen Literatur einen ersten Überblick über die Teufelsfarben des Mittelalters und deren mögliche kulturelle Hintergründe. Ziel ist eine erstmalige Darstellung des interdisziplinären Forschungsfeldes, das eine Schnittstelle zwischen mediävistischer Farbforschung und Teufelsforschung bildet. Es stellt sich heraus, dass die farbliche Darstellung des Teufels im Mittelalter sogar noch heterogener ist als zu Beginn angenommen. Erarbeitet werden jedoch vier Grundstrukturen der farblichen Besetzbarkeit des Teufels, die als Überblick für weitere Forschung dienen können. Des Weiteren wird deutlich, dass die Forschung zur Farbsymbolik des mittelalterlichen Teufels in der Literatur unbedingt von der kunsthistorischen Forschung getrennt werden sollte, da eine gemeinsame Behandlung für Unklarheiten und Unschärfen sorgt.