Margyricarpus lanatus Funez 2021, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Funez, Luís A.
name: Hassemer, Gustavo
name: Peroni, Nivaldo
name: Drechsler-Santos, Elisandro R.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Rosales
Rosaceae
Margyricarpus
Margyricarpus lanatus

description: 1.1. Margyricarpus lanatus Funez, sp. nov.   
 Differs from Margyricarpus pinnatus (Lam.) Kuntze by the hypanthium pilose, with tuberculate projections vs. glabrous with thorny projections.   
 Type: — BRAZIL. SANTA CATARINA: Lages, BR-116, ca. 15 km em direção a Vacaria, 28 February 1996, J. A. Jarenkow & M. Sobral 3092 (holotype MBM-212633!; isotype FLOR-27863!). Figure 1–2.   
 Perennial plants 8–30 cm tall, erect, probably xylopodiferous (according to sheet annotations); stems covered by the sheathing base of the petioles; densely villose on the buds, above the sheaths, covered by long white trichomes, glabrescent on the opposite side; leaf sheaths glabrous, 6.4–7.2 mm long, with the main vein strongly impressed, stramineous, densely villous at the lateral margin and long erect cilia on the apex near the petiole insertion; petioles> 0.1 mm, glabrescent or pilose on both surfaces. Leaf blades imparipinnate, with 6–8 pairs of leaflets; leaflets 3.1–4.5 × 0.2–0.5 mm, narrow oblong, the apex acute–apiculate, and the base obtuse truncate, the margin strongly revolute, pilose on both sides, sessile; rachis 5.6–10.2 mm long, pilose. Flowers solitary and axillary. Sepals 4, green, 0.9–1.3 × 0.5–0.8 mm, broad elliptic, acute, villose, with a nervure strongly impressed on exterior surface and continues longitudinally along all hypanthium, forming 4 rows of tuberculate projections. Stamens 2, purplish, easily deciduous. Stigma flabellate. Fruits partially visible in the plant, each one covered by the hypanthium, 3.3–4.7 × 1.7–2.1 mm, densely villose between the tubercles, greenish in vivo (according to field annotations), endocarp ovoid, with four longitudinal rows of tuberculate projections of 0.3–0.4 mm long, the apical ones smaller than basal, the basal portion forming a narrow beak of 0.8–1.2 mm long.   
 Etymology: —The specific epithet makes reference to the woolly aspect of this species.   
 Distribution and habitat: —Known only from the type, collected in Lages municipality, Santa Catarina state, southern Brazil (Figure 3). This species occurs in high-elevation grasslands.   
 Conservation status: — Critically Endangered (CR — B1,2:a,b[iii,v]), according to the IUCN criteria (IUCN 2012, 2019). This species is known by the type locality, and only an old collection is known. This species does not occur in any conservation unit. The high-elevation grasslands of Lages region has been experiencing a disorderly and heavy rate of urbanization, as well as the remnants areas are being converted into agriculture or forestry at an extremely fast pace.   
 Notes: —This species differs from M. pinnatus due the wooly stems, leaves, tepals and hypanthium vs. glabrous to glabrescent stems and leaves, and glabrous tepals and hypanthium. Another feature is the shape of the fruit, with rounded-tuberculate ornamentation vs. longitudinal rows of thorny curved projections of 0.4–0.8 mm long. According to field annotations on the label of the holotype of M. lanatus, the fruits are green vs. white to pink fruits in M. pinnatus.
description: Published as part of Funez, Luís A., Hassemer, Gustavo, Peroni, Nivaldo & Drechsler-Santos, Elisandro R., 2021, Two new species of Margyricarpus (Rosaceae, Sanguisorbeae) from high-elevation grasslands in southern Brazil, and other notes on the genus Margyricarpus, pp. 281-293 in Phytotaxa 496 (3) on pages 284-285, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.496.3.7, http://zenodo.org/record/5423762