SUB CLINICAL VISUAL DISORDERS IN HIGH RISK YOUNG POPULATION
Creators: name: Dr. Shalini Rastogi
name: Dr. Shobitha Muthukrishnan
name: Dr. Manish Kumar
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: VEP Questionnaire, Gender High Risk in Undergraduates, Visual Metrics.

description: Abstract

Objective of the study: According to Hoffmann et al. (2017), visual evoked potentials (VEPs) are collected through the presentation of pattern stimuli or light flashes. VEPs are used to identify injuries to the visual pathway, which includes the occipital cortex, optic radiations, optic chiasm, optic nerve, and retina. Electrodes are implanted on the subject's head above the visual cortex, and a gray field with a grating or checkerboard pattern is alternatively shown to elicit a VEP response. The VEP is formed when the checkerboard boxes or stripes are large enough to be identified (Hoffmann et al., 2017). While VEP cannot pinpoint the exact reason, it can indicate visual impairments that are missed by standard physical exams or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (Hoffmann et al., 2017). Many conditions can result in abnormal VEP, including multiple sclerosis, demyelinating disease, neurosyphilis, glaucoma, tumor compressing the optic nerve, optic neuritis, brain injury, retrobulbar neuritis, aluminum or manganese intoxication, toxic amblyopia, metabolic disorders like diabetes, optic neuropathy, migraine, ischemic heart disease, vitamin B12 deficiency, ocular hypertension, Friedreich's ataxia, and ischemic heart disease. In order to identify aberrant visual pathways that can result from delayed maturation, it is also utilized to evaluate visual impairment in babies (Hoffmann et al., 2017). Background: VEPs, or visually evoked potentials, are used to identify neurological or ophthalmological conditions. It has been proposed that one of the variables influencing VEP is gender. Therefore, in order to determine the gender differences in several visual characteristics and VEPs, a preliminary investigation was carried out. Methodology: In order to assess gender-based variations in VEPs and visual metrics, the Sharda School of Medical Sciences and Research at Sharda University conducted a cross-sectional questionnaire survey over a two-month period. A self-structured questionnaire was divided into two parts. The survey was split into two sections: part I included questions about the demographics of the pupils, and part II included fifteen questions regarding visual attributes and VEP evaluations. The questionnaire was distributed to one hundred first-year undergraduate medical students. They will answer any questions for thirty minutes. An appropriate statistical analysis was carried out. A P value of less than 0.05 was considered significant. Results: Of the 100 pupils who completed the questionnaire, 50 were male and 50 were female. Male and female participants had mean ages of 19.94 ± 1.3 years and 19.6 ± 1.0 years, respectively. Between the two genders, statistically significant differences were found in visual disturbances and eye strain. Studies on VEP piqued the interest of female students more. Conclusion: The study evaluated the survey for assessing subclinical visual impairments in high-risk male and female first-year MBBS student populations. Female students were found to be a higher-risk demographic, more likely to experience subclinical abnormalities in neurological and ophthalmologic illnesses.