cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Quantum Memory with a controlled homogeneous splitting
Creators: name: Hétet, G.
name: Wilkowski, D.
name: Chanelière, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a quantum memory protocol where a input light field can be stored onto and released from a single ground state atomic ensemble by controlling dynamically the strength of an external static and homogeneous field. The technique relies on the adiabatic following of a polaritonic excitation onto a state for which the forward collective radiative emission is forbidden. The resemblance with the archetypal Electromagnetically-Induced-Transparency (EIT) is only formal because no ground state coherence based slow-light propagation is considered here. As compared to the other grand category of protocols derived from the photon-echo technique, our approach only involves a homogeneous static field. We discuss two physical situations where the effect can be observed, and show that in the limit where the excited state lifetime is longer than the storage time, the protocols are perfectly efficient and noise-free. We compare the technique to other quantum memories, and propose atomic systems where the experiment can be realized.
description: submitted to New Journal of Physics, Focus on Quantum Memory
How biological invasions affect animal behaviour: A global, cross-taxonomic analysis
Creators: name: Ruland, Florian
name: Jeschke, Jonathan M.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: behavioural flexibility
subject: biological invasions
subject: ecological novelty
subject: global change
subject: HIREC
subject: invasive alien species
subject: phenotypic plasticity
subject: temporal dynamics
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: In the Anthropocene, species are faced with drastic challenges due to rapid, human-induced changes, such as habitat destruction, pollution and biological invasions. In the case of invasions, native species may change their behaviour to minimize the impacts they sustain from invasive species, and invaders may also adapt to the conditions in their new environment in order to survive and establish self-sustaining populations. We aimed at giving an overview of which changes in behaviour are studied in invasions, and what is known about the types of behaviour that change, the underlying mechanisms and the speed of behavioural changes. Based on a review of the literature, we identified 191 studies and 360 records (some studies reported multiple records) documenting behavioural changes caused by biological invasions in native (236 records from 148 species) or invasive (124 records from 50 species) animal species. This global dataset, which we make openly available, is not restricted to particular taxonomic groups. We found a mild taxonomic bias in the literature towards mammals, birds and insects. In line with the enemy release hypothesis, native species changed their anti-predator behaviour more frequently than invasive species. Rates of behavioural change were evenly distributed across taxa, but not across the types of behaviour. Our findings may help to better understand the role of behaviour in biological invasions as well as temporal changes in both population densities and traits of invasive species, and of native species affected by them.
Public 360
Creators: Nordisk Råd
Publisher: name: Rigsarkivet
Year: 2023

description: Det daglige ansvar for at sager oprettes og journaliseres i overensstemmelse med de fastlagte retningslinjer, ligger hos Rådsdirektøren.

Reglen er at alle selv skal oprette sager i DINA:
• Rådsdirektør
• Rådgivere
• Koordinatorer
• Studentermedhjælpere m.fl.

Alle sager har et digitalt sagsforløb, hvilket betyder at relevante dokumenter til en sag, kan findes samlet i DINA. Dette giver hurtigt et over- og indblik i NRs sager.

Indgående post, der modtages på papir fordeles til den enkelte medarbejder af arkivpersonalet.

Registrering og journalisering af ind- og udgående post samt internt materiale foretages som udgangspunkt af den enkelte medarbejder. I sager hvor det findes hensigtsmæssigt, f.eks. sager hvor flere er involveret, kan registrering foretages af arkivpersonalet.

Det er den enkelte medarbejder, der er ansvarlig for behandlingen af en sag, der har ansvaret for registrering af dokumenter på den pågældende sag.

Det skal fremhæves, at der som hovedregel er adgang til at se alle sager i hele NR ved hjælp af DINA, hvorfor alene ønsket om adgang til et dokument ikke kan begrunde dobbeltregistrering.

Afslutning af sager foretages af den sagsansvarlige og skal foregå løbende, så systemet giver et retvisende billede af de igangværende sager. Alternativt inddrages arkivpersonalet til at bistå processen.

Dokumenter der skønnes at have en museal værdi gemmes fysisk af arkivpersonalet. Dette betyder, at de har en historisk relevans for eftertiden, og kan være fx nordiske aftaler og konventioner med ministerunderskrifter. Desuden gemmes publikationer, rapporter mm., som skønnes at være for store til skanning, når de er sagsrelevante.

Formålet med DINA er således, at det skal være et sagsbehandler- og journaliseringssystem, hvor alt væsentligt for NMRs virke, dvs. alt arkivpligtigt og arkivværdigt, skal gemmes. Ved brug af DINA sikres det, at der foretages en registrering og arkivering af de oplysninger, der sætter NMR i stand til at udnytte og genfinde den viden, der genereres - både nu og for fremtiden.

Formålet er desuden at understøtte dokument- og vidensproduktionen i Nordisk Ministerråds Sekretariat i det daglige arbejde ved at tilbyde en funktionalitet, der understøtter sager og dokumenters  fulde livscyklus. Dette betyder, at alle sager og dokumenter startes i DINA og gennemgår forskellige faser (opret-telse, under behandling, færdig, journalført) indtil de er klar til at arkiveres og sagen kan afsluttes.

Formålet med et fælles sags- og dokumenthåndteringssystem er:
• at NMR har et digitalt system, der understøtter husets arbejde
• at sags- og dokumentproduktionen foregår ét sted og i ét fælles system og ikke kun hos enkelte personer
• at arbejdsprocesserne bliver understøttet, herunder mø-de/dagsordensproduktion
• at kunne arbejde og videndele på tværs af organisationen
• at understøtte husets it-strategi

Journaliseringen skal desuden sikre overholdelsen af NMR’s offentlighedsregler
Topological Classification and Stability of Fermi Surfaces
Creators: name: Zhao, Y. X.
name: Wang, Z. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 81Q30

description: In the framework of the Cartan classification of Hamiltonians, a kind of topological classification of Fermi surfaces is established in terms of topological charges. The topological charge of a Fermi surface depends on its codimension and the class to which its Hamiltonian belongs. It is revealed that six types of topological charges exist, and they form two groups with respect to the chiral symmetry, with each group consisting of one original charge and two descendants. It is these nontrivial topological charges which lead to the robust topological protection of the corresponding Fermi surfaces against perturbations that preserve discrete symmetries.
description: 5 pages, published version in PRL
Public 360
Creators: Nordisk Ministerråd
Publisher: name: Rigsarkivet
Year: 2023

description: Det generelle formål med DINA er, at det dels skal fungere som registrerings- og arkivsystem for sagsbehandlingen (registrering af ind- og udgående post, internt producerede notater, mv.), dels som fælles videndelings- og informations-system til brug for en effektiv sagsbehandling.

Formålet med DINA er således, at det skal være et sagsbehandler- og journaliseringssystem, hvor alt væsentligt for NMRs virke, dvs. alt arkivpligtigt og arkivværdigt, skal gemmes. Ved brug af DINA sikres det, at der foretages en registrering og arkivering af de oplysninger, der sætter NMR i stand til at udnytte og genfinde den viden, der genereres - både nu og for fremtiden.

Formålet er desuden at understøtte dokument- og vidensproduktionen i Nordisk Ministerråds Sekretariat i det daglige arbejde ved at tilbyde en funktionalitet, der understøtter sager og dokumenters  fulde livscyklus. Dette betyder, at alle sager og dokumenter startes i DINA og gennemgår forskellige faser (opret-telse, under behandling, færdig, journalført) indtil de er klar til at arkiveres og sagen kan afsluttes.

Formålet med et fælles sags- og dokumenthåndteringssystem er:
• at NMR har et digitalt system, der understøtter husets arbejde
• at sags- og dokumentproduktionen foregår ét sted og i ét fælles system og ikke kun hos enkelte personer
• at arbejdsprocesserne bliver understøttet, herunder mø-de/dagsordensproduktion
• at kunne arbejde og videndele på tværs af organisationen
• at understøtte husets it-strategi

Journaliseringen skal desuden sikre overholdelsen af NMR’s offentlighedsregler
Inorganic nanozyme with combined self-oxygenation/degradable capabilities for sensitized cancer immunochemotherapy
Creators: name: Wang, Jie
name: Fang, Lan
name: Li, Ping
name: Ma, Lang
name: Na, Weidan
name: Cheng, Chong
name: Gu, Yueqing
name: Deng, Dawei
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: inorganic nanozyme
subject: self-oxygenation nanoreactor
subject: biodegradable nanomedicine
subject: immunochemotherapy
subject: cancer treatment
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::547 Organische Chemie

description: Recently emerged cancer immunochemotherapy has provided enormous new possibilities to replace traditional chemotherapy in fighting tumor. However, the treatment efficacy is hampered by tumor hypoxia-induced immunosuppression in tumor microenvironment (TME). Herein, we fabricated a self-oxygenation/degradable inorganic nanozyme with a core–shell structure to relieve tumor hypoxia in cancer immunochemotherapy. By integrating the biocompatible CaO2 as the oxygen-storing component, this strategy is more effective than the earlier designed nanocarriers for delivering oxygen or H2O2, and thus provides remarkable oxygenation and long-term capability in relieving hypoxia throughout the tumor tissue. Consequently, in vivo tests validate that the delivery system can successfully relieve hypoxia and reverse the immunosuppressive TME to favor antitumor immune responses, leading to enhanced chemoimmunotherapy with cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 blockade. Overall, a facile, robust and effective strategy is proposed to improve tumor oxygenation by using self-decomposable and biocompatible inorganic nanozyme reactor, which will not only provide an innovative pathway to relieve intratumoral hypoxia, but also present potential applications in other oxygen-favored cancer therapies or oxygen deficiency-originated diseases.
The Roborovski Dwarf Hamster Is A Highly Susceptible Model for a Rapid and Fatal Course of SARS-CoV-2 Infection
Creators: name: Trimpert, Jakob
name: Vladimirova, Daria
name: Dietert, Kristina
name: Abdelgawad, Azza
name: Kunec, Dusan
name: Dökel, Simon
name: Voss, Anne
name: Gruber, Achim D.
name: Bertzbach, Luca D.
name: Osterrieder, Nikolaus
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: COVID-19
subject: coronavirus disease 2019
subject: SARS-CoV-2
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::616 Krankheiten

description: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has precipitated an unprecedented and yet-unresolved health crisis worldwide. Different mammals are susceptible to SARS-CoV-2; however, few species examined so far develop robust clinical disease that mirrors severe human cases or allows testing of vaccines and drugs under conditions of severe disease. Here, we compare the susceptibilities of three dwarf hamster species (Phodopus spp.) to SARS-CoV-2 and introduce the Roborovski dwarf hamster (P. roborovskii) as a highly susceptible COVID-19 model with consistent and fulminant clinical signs. Particularly, only this species shows SARS-CoV-2-induced severe acute diffuse alveolar damage and hyaline microthrombi in the lungs, changes described in patients who succumbed to the infection but not reproduced in any experimentally infected animal. Based on our findings, we propose the Roborovski dwarf hamster as a valuable model to examine the efficacy and safety of vaccine candidates and therapeutics, particularly for use in highly susceptible individuals.
Translatability of WGS typing results can simplify data exchange for surveillance and control of Listeria monocytogenes
Creators: name: Lüth, Stefanie
name: Deneke, Carlus
name: Kleta, Sylvia
name: Al Dahouk, Sascha
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: core genome MLST
subject: genomic epidemiology
subject: outbreak
subject: single nucleotide polymorphism
subject: standardisation
subject: whole genome sequencing
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: Where classical epidemiology has proven to be inadequate for surveillance and control of foodborne pathogens, molecular epidemiology, using genomic typing methods, can add value. However, the analysis of whole genome sequencing (WGS) data varies widely and is not yet fully harmonised. We used genomic data on 494 Listeria monocytogenes isolates from readyto- eat food products and food processing environments deposited in the strain collection of the German National Reference Laboratory to compare various procedures for WGS data analysis and to evaluate compatibility of results. Two different core genome multilocus sequence typing (cgMLST) schemes, different reference genomes in single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) analysis and commercial as well as opensource software were compared. Correlation of allele distances from the different cgMLST approaches was high, ranging from 0.97 to 1, and unified thresholds yielded higher clustering concordance than schemespecific thresholds. The number of detected SNP differences could be increased up to a factor of 3.9 using a specific reference genome compared with a general one. Additionally, specific reference genomes improved comparability of SNP analysis results obtained using different software tools. The use of a closed or a draft specific reference genome did not make a difference. The harmonisation of WGS data analysis will finally guarantee seamless data exchange, but, in the meantime, knowledge on threshold values that lead to comparable clustering of isolates by different methods may improve communication between laboratories. We therefore established a translation code between commonly applied cgMLST and SNP methods based on optimised clustering concordances. This code can work as a first filter to identify WGS- based typing matches resulting from different methods, which opens up a new perspective for data exchange and thereby accelerates timecritical analyses, such as in outbreak investigations.
Reverse quantum state engineering using electronic feedback loops
Creators: name: Kiesslich, Gerold
name: Emary, Clive
name: Schaller, Gernot
name: Brandes, Tobias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose an all-electronic technique to manipulate and control interacting quantum systems by unitary single-jump feedback conditioned on the outcome of a capacitively coupled electrometer and in particular a single-electron transistor. We provide a general scheme to stabilize pure states in the quantum system and employ an effective Hamiltonian method for the quantum master equation to elaborate on the nature of stabilizable states and the conditions under which state purification can be achieved. The state engineering within the quantum feedback scheme is shown to be linked with the solution of an inverse eigenvalue problem. Two applications of the feedback scheme are presented in detail: (i) stabilization of delocalized pure states in a single charge qubit and (ii) entanglement stabilization in two coupled charge qubits. In the latter example we demonstrate the stabilization of a maximally entangled Bell state for certain detector positions and local feedback operations.
description: 23 pages, 6 figures, to be published by New Journal of Physics (2013)
Stress drop-magnitude dependence of acoustic emissions during laboratory stick-slip
Creators: name: Blanke, Aglaja
name: Kwiatek, Grzegorz
name: Goebel, Thomas H. W.
name: Bohnhoff, Marco
name: Dresen, Georg
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Acoustic properties
subject: Body waves
subject: Earthquake dynamics
subject: Earthquake source observations
subject: Dynamics and mechanics of faulting
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::550 Geowissenschaften, Geologie::550 Geowissenschaften

description: Earthquake source parameters such as seismic stress drop and corner frequency are observed to vary widely, leading to persistent discussion on potential scaling of stress drop and event size. Physical mechanisms that govern stress drop variations arc difficult to evaluate in nature and are more readily studied in controlled laboratory experiments. We perform two stick-slip experiments on fractured (rough) and cut (smooth) Westerly granite samples to explore fault roughness effects on acoustic emission (AE) source parameters. We separate large stick-slip events that generally saturate the seismic recording system from populations of smaller AE events which are sensitive to fault stresses prior to slip. AE event populations show many similarities to natural seismicity and may be interpreted as laboratory equivalent of natural microseismic events. We then compare the temporal evolution of mechanical data such as measured stress release during slip to temporal changes in stress drops derived from Alis using the spectral ratio technique. We report on two primary observations: (1) In contrast to most case studies for natural earthquakes, we observe a strong increase in seismic stress drop with AE size. (2) The scaling of stress drop with magnitude is governed by fault roughness, whereby the rough fault shows a more rapid increase of the stress drop magnitude relation with progressing large stick-slip events than the smooth fault. The overall range of AE sizes on the rough surface is influenced by both the average grain size and the width of the fault core. The magnitudes of the smallest AE events on smooth faults may also be governed by grain size. However, AEs significantly grow beyond peak roughness and the width of the fault core. Our laboratory tests highlight that source parameters vary substantially in the presence of fault zone heterogeneity (i.e. roughness and narrow grain size distribution), which may affect seismic energy partitioning and static stress drops of small and large AE events.
Wilson lines and orbital angular momentum
Creators: name: Lorcé, Cédric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an explicit realization of the Chen et al. approach to the proton spin decomposition in terms of Wilson lines, generalizing the light-front gauge-invariant extensions discussed recently by Hatta. Particular attention is drawn to the residual gauge freedom by further separating the pure-gauge term into contour and residual terms. We show that the kinetic orbital angular momentum operator can be expressed in terms of the Wigner operator only when the momentum variable is integrated over. Finally, we confirm from twist-2 arguments that the advanced, retarded and antisymmetric light-front canonical orbital angular momenta are the same.
description: 8 pages, revised version to appear in PLB
GeoEnviron
Creators: Ringkøbing Amt, Ringkøbing Kommune, Videbæk Kommune, Holmsland Kommune, Egvad Kommune og Skjern Kommune
Ringkøbing-Skjern Kommune
Publisher: name: Rigsarkivet
Year: 2023

description: Systemet har siden 2007 været anvendt til registrering af data og planlægning af de lovpligtige tilsyn på kommunens landbrug og virksomheder i henhold til den gældende bekendtgørelse om miljøtilsyn.
Omsorgssystem
Creators: Vesthimmerlands Kommune
Publisher: name: Rigsarkivet
Year: 2023

description: Formålet med it-systemet er at samle dokumentation vedr. sagsbehandling, ydelser, intern kommunikation m.v. i forhold til borgere, der modtager ydelser inden for serviceloven og sundhedsloven. Derudover kunne kommunikere elektronisk med sygehuse, læger, apoteker, andre kommuner i forhold til de gældende sundhedsaftaler. Kunne levere elektronisk data til Danmarks Statistik om borgernes ydelser m.m. samt danne grundlag for styring af økonomi og ressourcer. Kunne opfylde den nationale it-strategi om digitalisering.
AARP 50+ Coronavirus Study: Wave 5
Creators: name: American Association Of Retired Persons (AARP)
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2022

description: Concern about coronavirus (24); suspected or diagnosed with having coronavirus (3); how many people you personally know infected by coronavirus (2); practice coronavirus precautionary guidelines (1); financial impact of coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic (1); satisfaction with quality of social relationships during coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic (1); feelings of isolated/loneliness (5); feeling connected with family/family/coworkers (10); groups/activities for connecting socially (37); feelings about use of technology to connect to others (1); helped or received help from a friend/family member/ neighbor during the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic (2); concern for parents sheltering in place (2); older American should continue to social distance after restrictions are lifted (2); attendance at virtual events for fun (12); impact of coronavirus on travel plans (1); activities most looking forward to after pandemic restrictions (9); benefits of social connection (18); impact of coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic on sex life (1); positive outcomes of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic (10); currently sheltering in place (11); frequency of contact with those sheltering in place (7).
Supramolecular Assembly and Chirality of Synthetic Carbohydrate Materials
Creators: name: Gim, Soeun
name: Fittolani, Giulio
name: Nishiyama, Yoshiharu
name: Seeberger, Peter H.
name: Ogawa, Yu
name: Delbianco, Martina
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: carbohydrates
subject: chirality
subject: microED
subject: self-assembly
subject: structure-property correlations
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften

description: Hierarchical carbohydrate architectures serve multiple roles in nature. Hardly any correlations between the carbohydrate chemical structures and the material properties are available due to the lack of standards and suitable analytic techniques. Therefore, designer carbohydrate materials remain highly unexplored, as compared to peptides and nucleic acids. A synthetic D‐glucose disaccharide, DD, was chosen as a model to explore carbohydrate materials. Microcrystal electron diffraction (MicroED), optimized for oligosaccharides, revealed that DD assembled into highly crystalline left‐handed helical fibers. The supramolecular architecture was correlated to the local crystal organization, allowing for the design of the enantiomeric right‐handed fibers, based on the L‐glucose disaccharide, LL, or flat lamellae, based on the racemic mixture. Tunable morphologies and mechanical properties suggest the potential of carbohydrate materials for nanotechnology applications.
Revisiting the Growth Modulon of Corynebacterium glutamicum Under Glucose Limited Chemostat Conditions
Creators: name: Graf, Michaela
name: Haas, Thorsten
name: Teleki, Attila
name: Feith, Andre
name: Cerff, Martin
name: Wiechert, Wolfgang
name: Nöh, Katharina
name: Busche, Tobias
name: Kalinowski, Jörn
name: Takors, Ralf
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Corynebacterium glutamicum
subject: growth rate
subject: metabolome
subject: transcriptome
subject: continuous bioprocess
subject: stationary flux analysis
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: Increasing the growth rate of the industrial host Corynebacterium glutamicum is a promising target to rise productivities of growth coupled product formation. As a prerequisite, detailed knowledge about the tight regulation network is necessary for identifying promising metabolic engineering goals. Here, we present comprehensive metabolic and transcriptional analysis of C. glutamicum ATCC 13032 growing under glucose limited chemostat conditions with mu = 0.2, 0.3, and 0.4 h(-1). Intermediates of central metabolism mostly showed rising pool sizes with increasing growth. C-13-metabolic flux analysis (C-13-MFA) underlined the fundamental role of central metabolism for the supply of precursors, redox, and energy equivalents. Global, growth-associated, concerted transcriptional patterns were not detected giving rise to the conclusion that glycolysis, pentose-phosphate pathway, and citric acid cycle are predominately metabolically controlled under glucose-limiting chemostat conditions. However, evidence is found that transcriptional regulation takes control over glycolysis once glucose-rich growth conditions are installed.
Lietuvos humanitarinių ir socialinių mokslų duomenų archyvas (LiDA): Dataverse talpykla
Creators: name: Morkevičius, Vaidas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Lietuvos humanitarinių ir socialinių mokslų duomenų archyvas
LiDA
Dataverse talpykla
FAIR duomenų principai

description: Pristatymas apie duomenų atvėrimą ir archyvavimą specializuotuose archyvuose, FAIR duomenų atvėrimo principus, LiDA Dataverse talpyklą ir FAIR atitiktį.
Monte Carlo studies of a Finsler geometric surface model
Creators: name: Koibuchi, Hiroshi
name: Sekino, Hideo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper presents a new type of surface models constructed on the basis of Finsler geometry. A Finsler metric is defined on the surface by using an underlying vector field, which is an in-plane tilt order. According to the orientation of the vector field, the Finsler length becomes dependent on both position and direction on the surface, and for this reason the parameters such as the surface tension and bending rigidity become anisotropic. To confirm that the model is well-defined, we perform Monte Carlo simulations under several isotropic conditions such as those given by random vector fields. The results are comparable to those of previous simulations of the conventional model. It is also found that a tubular phase appears when the vector field is constant. Moreover, we find that the tilts form the Kosterlitz-Thouless and low temperature configurations, which correspond to two different anisotropic phases such as disk and tubular, in the model in which the tilt variable is assumed to be a dynamical variable. This confirms that the model in this paper may be used as an anisotropic model for membranes.
description: 25 pages, 13 figures
MPEC 2023-W99 : 2023 WH2
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 WH2

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Basic morphometry, microcomputed tomography and mechanical evaluation of the tibiotarsal bone of a dual-purpose and a broiler chicken line
Creators: name: Harash, George
name: Richardson, Kenneth C.
name: Alshamy, Zaher
name: Hünigen, Hana
name: Hafez, Hafez Mohamed
name: Plendl, Johanna
name: Masri, Salah Al
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: chickens
subject: bone fracture
subject: bone density
subject: bone and joint mechanics
subject: body weight
subject: birds
subject: mechanical properties
subject: bending
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::590 Tiere (Zoologie)::590 Tiere (Zoologie)

description: Continuous loading of the skeleton by the body’s weight is an important factor in establishing and maintaining bone morphology, architecture and strength. However, in fast-growing chickens the appendicular skeleton growth is suboptimal making these chickens predisposed to skeletal mineralization disorders and fractures. This study compared the macro- and microstructure as well as the mechanical properties of the tibiotarsus of a novel dual-purpose, Lohmann Dual (LD) and a highly developed broiler, Ross (Ross 308) chicken line. Eighty one-day-old male chicks of each line were grown until their body weight (BW) reached 2000g. Starting at the day of hatching, six birds of each line were sampled weekly. The weight, length and width of the tibiotarsus were measured and its mechanical properties (rigidity, M-Max and the M-fracture) were evaluated using the three-point bending test. Additionally, the mineral density of both, trabecular and cortical bone, the bone volume fraction, the trabecular number, thickness and separation plus cortical thickness of both chicken lines were analyzed using microcomputed tomography. The growth of the tibiotarsus in both chicken lines followed a similar pattern. At the same age, the lighter LD chickens had shorter, thinner and lighter tibiotarsi than those of Ross chickens. However, the LD chickens had a similar cortical thickness, bone volume fraction and similar mineral density of both trabecular and cortical bone to that of Ross chickens. Furthermore, the tibiotarsus of LD chickens was longer, heavier and wider than those of Ross chickens of the same BW. In addition the rigidity of the LD tibiotarsus was greater than that of Ross chickens. This suggests that the tibiotarsus of LD chickens had more bending resistance than those of Ross chickens of the same BW. Consequently, fattening LD chickens to the marketable weight should not affect their leg skeleton stability.
Fabrication and characterization of semiconducting half Heusler YPtSb thin films
Creators: name: Shan, Rong
name: Vilanova, Enrique V.
name: Qin, Juan
name: Dion, Anja
name: Casper, Frederick
name: Fecher, Gerhard H.
name: Jakob, Gerhard
name: Felser, Claudia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The semiconducting half Heusler compound YPtSb was predicted theoretically to be capable of changing into topological insulator under proper strain. In this work, p type semiconducting half-Heusler YPtSb thin films were prepared by magnetron co-sputtering method from a specially designed target for the first time. Textured structure with (111) plane paralleling with (001) of MgO substrate was observed when YPtSb thin films were grown on MgO (100) substrate at 600°C.Electrical measurements show that the resistivity of YPtSb films decreases with increasing temperature, indicating a semiconductor-like behavior. The carrier density is as high as 1.15 X 10^21 cm-3 at 300 K. The band gap of YPtSb thin films obtained by infrared spectroscopy is around 0.1 - 0.15 eV, which is well in agreement with the theoretical prediction and the value measured in bulk YPtSb.
description: Phys. Status Solidi RRL, DOI 10.1002/pssr.2012064xx (2012), accepted
Crustal structures beneath the Eastern and Southern Alps from ambient noise tomography
Creators: name: Qorbani, Ehsan
name: Zigone, Dimitri
name: Handy, Mark R.
name: Bokelmann, Götz
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: surface-wave tomography
subject: Tauern Window
subject: Bohemian Massif
subject: tectonic map
subject: seismic data
subject: mantle
subject: evolution
subject: seismology
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::550 Geowissenschaften, Geologie::550 Geowissenschaften

description: We study the crustal structure under the Eastern and Southern Alps using ambient noise tomography. We use cross-correlations of ambient seismic noise between pairs of 71 permanent stations and 19 stations of the Eastern Alpine Seismic Investigation (EAST) profile to derive new 3D shear velocity models for the crust. Continuous records from 2014 and 2015 are cross-correlated to estimate Green's functions of Rayleigh and Love waves propagating between the station pairs. Group velocities extracted from the cross-correlations are inverted to obtain isotropic 3D Rayleigh- and Lovewave shear-wave velocity models. Our models image several velocity anomalies and contrasts and reveal details of the crustal structure. Velocity variations at short periods correlate very closely with the lithologies of tectonic units at the surface and projected to depth. Low-velocity zones, associated with the Po and Molas se sedimentary basins, are imaged well to the south and north of the Alps, respectively. We find large high-velocity zones associated with the crystalline basement that forms the core of the Tauern Window. Small-scale velocity anomalies are also aligned with geological units of the Austroalpine nappes. Clear velocity contrasts in the Tauern Window along vertical cross sections of the velocity model show the depth extent of the tectonic units and their bounding faults. A mid-crustal velocity contrast is interpreted as a manifestation of intracrustal decoupling in the Eastern Alps that accommodated eastward escape of the Alcapa block.
Carpal, tarsal, and stifle skin lesion prevalence and potential risk factors in Swiss dairy cows kept in tie stalls: A cross-sectional study
Creators: name: Bernhard, Johanna Karin
name: Vidondo, Beatriz
name: Achermann, Rahel Lisa
name: Rediger, Rahel
name: Müller, Kerstin Elisabeth
name: Steiner, Adrian
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: lesions
subject: animal welfare
subject: rubber
subject: medical risk factors
subject: Switzerland
subject: legs
subject: inflammation
subject: milk
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::616 Krankheiten

description: The prevalence of skin lesions at the legs of dairy cows often serves as an indicator for animal welfare and is used as a measurement of adequacy of the present housing conditions. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of skin lesions at the carpus, tarsus, and stifle in Swiss dairy cows kept in tie stalls and to describe potential risk factors associated with the different types and severities thereof. Skin lesions and potential risk factors were assessed in 627 cows of 27 tie stall farms in a cross-sectional study. The associations of each outcome and the potential risk factors were assessed by means of logistic regression models using farm as the random factor. One odds ratio was obtained for each biologically relevant risk factor category and the final models were compared between the lesion types and locations. Tarsal lesions were recorded most frequently, with a prevalence of 62.2, 34.4, and 24.0% for moderate to severe hair loss, any severity of ulceration, and moderate to severe swelling, respectively. The prevalence of carpal lesions ranged from 54.4% for hair loss, over 7.7% for ulceration, to 6.1% for swelling, while stifle lesions were recorded less frequently with a prevalence of 18.6, 8.9, 3.4% for hair loss, ulceration, and swelling, respectively. The risk for various skin lesion types and locations significantly increased, when the concrete stall base was covered with a rubber mat and the bedding depth was low. Cows were at the lowest risk to develop skin lesions when they had more than 13 days of outdoor exercise per month. The prevalence of skin lesions in tied Swiss dairy cows is remarkably high and could possibly be reduced by providing the herd more frequent outdoor exercise and a well-cushioned, friction-absorbing and non-abrasive lying surface.
The Ethics of Vocabulary Development and Use
Creators: name: Rovetto, Robert
Publisher: name: ARDC
Year: 2023
Subjects: Vocabularies
Terminologies
Semantic

description: The ethics of vocabulary development and use, and similar knowledge organization systems (or semantic artifacts) is introduced. It is a seldom-discussed or explored topic, but it's relevance to contemporary computational research and data sciences is made clear, the motivating case being a more complex semantic artefact (namely ontologies). Broadly construed, this project includes the ethics of metadata, of semantics, of ontology, and similar artifacts. The ongoing project aims to complete and propose a set of principles for the ethics of these systems, as well as explore and identify the potential or actual ethical and moral implications of various aspects of these artifacts. Concerns and topics from the ethics of artificial intelligence and digital ethics are relevant and inform this research and development activity, such as privacy, bias, data- sharing, machine ethics, and so on. The project and author are actively open to formal support to sustainably pursue this promising line of research. Interested parties are encouraged to make contact.References1. Rovetto, R.J. The ethics of conceptual, ontological, semantic and knowledge modeling. AI & Soc (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00146-022-01563-32. Rovetto, R.J., "Ethics of Semantics" in US2TS 20223. "The Ethics of Ontology", poster presented at OntoCommons 2nd Global Workshop (June 2023).4. Rovetto, R.J., "Ethics in Ontology", (2013-present), Abstract via PhilPapers.5. Ethics of Ontology GitHub page, http://purl.org/rrovetto/ethics-of-ontology
 
Version note
Addition of presentation slides
Anisotropic properties of spin avalanches in crystals of nanomagnets
Creators: name: Dion, C. M.
name: Jukimenko, O.
name: Modestov, M.
name: Marklund, M.
name: Bychkov, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Anisotropy effects for spin avalanches in crystals of nanomagnets are studied theoretically with the external magnetic field applied at an arbitrary angle to the easy axis. Starting with the Hamiltonian for a single nanomagnet in the crystal, the two essential quantities characterizing spin avalanches are calculated: the activation energy and the Zeeman energy. The calculation is performed numerically for the wide range of angles and analytical formulas are derived within the limit of small angles. The anisotropic properties of a single nanomagnet lead to anisotropic behavior of the magnetic deflagration speed. Modifications of the magnetic deflagration speed are investigated for different angles between the external magnetic field and the easy axis of the crystals. Anisotropic properties of magnetic detonation are also studied, which concern, first of all, temperature behind the leading shock and the characteristic time of spin switching in the detonation.
description: 15 pages, 15 figures
Structure, mechanical properties and degradation behavior of electrospun PEEU fiber meshes and films
Creators: name: Tung, Wing Tai
name: Sun, Xianlei
name: Wang, Weiwei
name: Xu, Xun
name: Ma, Nan
name: Lendlein, Andreas
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: PEEU fiber meshes
subject: PEEU films
subject: Hydrolytic degradation
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften

description: The capability of a degradable implant to provide mechanical support depends on its degradation behavior. Hydrolytic degradation was studied for a polyesteretherurethane (PEEU70), which consists of poly(p-dioxanone) (PPDO) and poly(epsilon-caprolactone) (PCL) segments with a weight ratio of 70:30 linked by diurethane junction units. PEEU70 samples prepared in the form of meshes with average fiber diameters of 1.5 mu m (mesh1.5) and 1.2 mu m (mesh1.2), and films were sterilized and incubated in PBS at 37 degrees C with 5 vol% CO2 supply for 1 to 6 weeks. Degradation features, such as cracks or wrinkles, became apparent from week 4 for all samples. Mass loss was found to be 11 wt%, 6 wt%, and 4 wt% for mesh1.2, mesh1.5, and films at week 6. The elongation at break decreased to under 20% in two weeks for mesh1.2. In case of the other two samples, this level of degradation was achieved after 4 weeks. The weight average molecular weight of both PEEU70 mesh and film samples decreased to below 30 kg/mol when elongation at break dropped below 20%. The time period of sustained mechanical stability of PEEU70-based meshes depends on the fiber diameter and molecular weight.
Klebanov-Witten flows in M-theory
Creators: name: Lee, Sangmin
name: Lee, Sungjay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study renormalization group flows among three dimensional superconformal gauge theories which closely resemble the renowned Klebanov-Witten flow in four dimensions. In the large N limit, each theory appearing in the flow is holographically dual to M-theory on AdS4 times a toric Sasaki-Einstein seven-manifold. The theories are obtained through the so-called flavoring method, which adds some fundamental matter fields to the dimensionally reduced Klebanov-Witten theories. We reconfirm the matching between the gauge theories and the dual geometries by comparing the chiral ring structure. As a more refined test of the flows, we compute the three-sphere partition function of the gauge theories. The square of the free energy, inversely proportional to the volume of the seven-manifold, decreases by a universal ratio 16/27 for all flows considered in this paper.
description: 38 pages, 8 figures; v2. references added, minor improvements
Efficacy of a competitive exclusion culture against extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli strains in broilers using a seeder bird model
Creators: name: Methner, Ulrich
name: Rösler, Uwe
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: competitive exclusion
subject: broiler chicken
subject: extended-spectrum β-lactamases
subject: efficacy, seeder bird model
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::616 Krankheiten

description: Background Administration of a competitive exclusion culture (CE culture) has the potential to induce protective effects in very young chicks against caecal colonisation by EEC (= extended-spectrum β-lactamases [ESBL] and AmpC-type [AmpC] beta-lactamases producing Escherichia coli). The study aimed to verify the protective capacity of a CE culture in broilers using the seeder bird model against EEC exposure of the chicks. Results Introduction of infected seeder birds resulted in rapid and strong caecal colonisation of four different EEC challenge strains tested in untreated contact broilers. Compared to controls the broilers pre-treated with the CE culture showed a considerable decrease in caecal load of different EEC challenge strains from about 3.0–3.5 log10 units (P
Markov chain approximations for transition densities of Lévy processes
Creators: name: Mijatović, Aleksandar
name: Vidmar, Matija
name: Jacka, Saul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60G51

description: We consider the convergence of a continuous-time Markov chain approximation X^h, h>0, to an R^d-valued Levy process X. The state space of X^h is an equidistant lattice and its Q-matrix is chosen to approximate the generator of X. In dimension one (d=1), and then under a general sufficient condition for the existence of transition densities of X, we establish sharp convergence rates of the normalised probability mass function of X^h to the probability density function of X. In higher dimensions (d>1), rates of convergence are obtained under a technical condition, which is satisfied when the diffusion matrix is non-degenerate.
description: 39 pages, 4 figures, 1 table
Redox regulation by reversible protein S-thiolation in Gram-positive bacteria
Creators: name: Imber, Marcel
name: Pietrzyk-Brzezinska, Agnieszka J.
name: Antelmann, Haike
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: protein S-thiolation
subject: bacillithiol
subject: mycothiol
subject: gram-positive bacteria
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::579 Mikroorganismen, Pilze, Algen

description: Low molecular weight (LMW) thiols play an important role as thiol-cofactors for many enzymes and are crucial to maintain the reduced state of the cytoplasm. Most Gram-negative bacteria utilize glutathione (GSH) as major LMW thiol. However, in Gram-positive Actinomycetes and Firmicutes alternative LMW thiols, such as mycothiol (MSH) and bacillithiol (BSH) play related roles as GSH surrogates, respectively. Under conditions of hypochlorite stress, MSH and BSH are known to form mixed disulfides with protein thiols, termed as S-mycothiolation or S-bacillithiolation that function in thiol-protection and redox regulation. Protein S-thiolations are widespread redox-modifications discovered in different Gram-positive bacteria, such as Bacillus and Staphylococcus species, Mycobacterium smegmatis, Corynebacterium glutamicum and Corynebacterium diphtheriae. S-thiolated proteins are mainly involved in cellular metabolism, protein translation, redox regulation and antioxidant functions with some conserved targets across bacteria. The reduction of protein S-mycothiolations and S-bacillithiolations requires glutaredoxin-related mycoredoxin and bacilliredoxin pathways to regenerate protein functions. In this review, we present an overview of the functions of mycothiol and bacillithiol and their physiological roles in protein S-bacillithiolations and S-mycothiolations in Gram-positive bacteria. Significant progress has been made to characterize the role of protein S-thiolation in redox-regulation and thiol protection of main metabolic and antioxidant enzymes. However, the physiological roles of the pathways for regeneration are only beginning to emerge as well as their interactions with other cellular redox systems. Future studies should be also directed to explore the roles of protein S-thiolations and their redox pathways in pathogenic bacteria under infection conditions to discover new drug targets and treatment options against multiple antibiotic resistant bacteria.
Discontinuous symplectic capacities
Creators: name: Zehmisch, Kai
name: Ziltener, Fabian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53D35

description: We show that the spherical capacity is discontinuous on a smooth family of ellipsoidal shells. Moreover, we prove that the shell capacity is discontinuous on a family of open sets with smooth connected boundaries.
description: We include generalizations to higher dimensions due to the unknown referee and Janko Latschev. We add examples of open sets with connected boundary on which the shell capacity is not continuous. 3rd and 4th version: minor changes, to appear in J. Fixed Point Theory Appl
R. H. Rainero, La commission italienne d'armistice avec la France. Les rapports entre la France de Vichy et l'Italie de Mussolini (10 juin 1940–8 septembre 1943), 1995
Creators: name: Umbreit, Hans
Publisher: name: Francia
Year: 2019

description: Francia, Bd. 27 Nr. 3 (2000)