cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Agent-Based Modeling of Cell Culture Granuloma Models: The Role of Structure, Dimension, Collagen, and Matrix Metalloproteinases
Creators: name: Petrucciani, Alexa A
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 400399
subject: Biomedical engineering not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 310299
subject: Bioinformatics and computational biology not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 320499
subject: Immunology not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 321499
subject: Pharmacology and pharmaceutical sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a global public health crisis, causing over 10 million new infections and 1.3 million deaths in 2022 alone. TB is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), which initiates heterogeneous pathology in the lungs, including granulomas and cavities. Granulomas are organized structures of immune cells, traditionally thought to contain bacteria. Cavities are pathological spaces caused by the destruction of extracellular matrix (ECM), which can worsen disease outcomes and cause long-lasting pulmonary impairment. In vitro methods are commonly used to study host-pathogen interactions in Mtb infection, and recent developments have led to models that represent the TB granuloma environment more closely than traditional cell culture. These advances include the development of 3D models and the inclusion of physiological ECM components like collagen. Increasing complexity has been accomplished in a piece-wise manner – minimally necessary components are included to minimize cost while maintaining throughput and tractability. This creates a need for tools to analyze these systems and, more importantly, integrate the independent data created. We developed an agent-based model to characterize multiple in vitro models of TB and apply it to 1) separate the contributions of dimension and structure to bacterial control in granuloma-like spheroids and 2) explore how the interactions of collagen and matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) contribute to clinically relevant outputs such as bacterial load and ECM destruction. The model provides insights into the role of granuloma structure and the conflicting results of MMP inhibition, generating new hypotheses to be tested in tandem with in vitro models.
INDUCTIVE REASONING IN PERSECUTORY DELUSIONAL THOUGHT
Creators: name: BAKER, IAN WALTER SHELLEY
Publisher: name: University of Plymouth
Year: 1997

description: Delusions are considered to be one of the primary symptoms of psychosis but until recently have received little empirical investigation. One approach has been to examine the extent to which deluded individuals demonstrate cognitive biases which are different from those of normal controls in inductive reasoning tasks. In this study two hypothesis testing tasks were used to investigate cognitive biases in a group of people with persecutory delusions compared to a group whose delusions had remitted and a normal control group. Participants completed two tasks consisting of a series of visual discrimination problems in which they had to choose between pairs of stimuli presented on cards. Condition 1 examined previously reported biases of deluded participants requiring less information before making judgements and being overconfident in their judgements. Positive or negative feedback was given after every card and participants were unconstrained in giving solutions. Condition 2 partially replicated Young and Bentall's (1995) hypothesis testing study and examined participants' ability to process information sequentially and progressively focus down the set of possible correct solutions. Feedback was restricted and participant responding was constrained. No differences were found between groups in condition 1. In condition 2 deluded participants produced fewer hypothesis and sampled from a smaller range of hypotheses than remitted and control participants. Deluded participants also produced fewer correct hypotheses than the other groups. A trend was found for deluded participants to use fewest sensible responses to feedback, followed by remitted and control groups. The reverse trend was found for use of nonsensical responses to feedback. Limitations of the study, implications for clinical practice and suggestions for future research are considered.
Malva pusilla Sm.
Creators: name: Jarvis, Charlie
Publisher: name: Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Malvales
Malvaceae
Malva
Malva pusilla

description: Malva rotundifolia Linnaeus, Species Plantarum 2: 688. 1753, nom. utique rej.
"Habitat in Europae ruderatis, viis, plateis." RCN: 5048.
 Lectotype (Riedl in Rechinger, Fl. Iranica 120: 26. 1976): Herb. Linn. No. 870.18 (LINN).
 Current name:  Malva pusilla  Sm. (Malvaceae).
description: Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part M), pp. 651-689 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 654, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971
title: Generalisation across different marine ecosystems for revealing trophic dynamics and structure in fisheries ecology
Creators: name: Trifonova, Neda
name: Tucker, Allan
name: Duplisea, Daniel
name: Kenny, Andrew
Publisher: name: ASC 2015 - Theme session B
Year: 2024
Subjects: Fisheries and aquaculture
Ecosystem observation, processes and dynamics

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.Understanding the nature of functional relationships (such as prey-predator) between species is important for building predictive models. However, modelling the interactions with external stressors over time and space is also essential for ecosystem-based approaches to fisheries management. Machine learning techniques like Bayesian networks can allow such complex interactions to be recovered from collected field data and combined with existing knowledge. In this study, we generalise dynamic interactions between trophic groups of species from different marine ecosystems. We learn dynamic Bayesian networks for 7 geographically different sub-regions within the Gulf of St. Lawrence with varying trophic structure and evaluate these Bayesian models on 7 different areas within the North Sea. In addition, we incorporate hidden variables in the models to examine unmeasured effects that resulted in outlining the importance of different mechanisms on the dynamics of exploited ecosystems in different regions.
Taphozous melanopogon Temminck 1841
Creators: name: Thu, Aye Myat
name: Lwin, Ye Htet
name: Quan, Rui-Chang
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Chiroptera
Emballonuridae
Taphozous
Taphozous melanopogon

description: 207. Taphozous melanopogon Temminck, 1841
Common name: Black-bearded Tomb Bat
Myanmar name:
Distribution: Brunei Darussalam, Cambodia, China, India, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Vietnam and Myanmar (widely distributed).
description: Published as part of Thu, Aye Myat, Lwin, Ye Htet & Quan, Rui-Chang, 2024, Mammals of Myanmar: an annotated checklist, pp. 147-197 in Mammalia (Warsaw, Poland) (Warsaw, Poland) 88 (3) on page 173, DOI: 10.1515/mammalia-2023-0098, http://zenodo.org/record/13913939
title: Towards a Joint Monitoring programme: Strategies for designing surveys for potential MSFD indicators
Creators: name: Marco-Rius, Francisco
name: Wischnewski, Julia
name: Sell, Anne
name: Haslob, Holger
name: Van Hoey, Gert
name: Reiss, Henning
name: Kupschus, Sven
name: McCully, Sophy
name: Enserink, Lisette
Publisher: name: ASC 2015 - Theme session C
Year: 2024
Subjects: Ecosystem observation, processes and dynamics

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.The Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD) calls for assessment and reporting on the status of indicators for Good Environmental Status (GES) every six years. As of yet, most monitoring programmes measuring these indicators and underlying metrics, are developed by Member States across Europe for their respective EEZ’s. Monitoring at sea is considered relatively costly and the MSFD monitoring requirements are challenging. Implementing a joint monitoring programme will create several benefits, and can improve the assessment of GES, as the ecosystem does not consider EEZ boundaries. Several tools (mapping and statistical) were developed to the implementation of a monitoring programme and quantify the efficiency.
Neurosensitivity: Implications for Cognition and Creativity.
Creators: name: Bridges, David
Publisher: name: University of Plymouth
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Personality
subject: Temperament
subject: Sensitivity
subject: Creativity
subject: Plasticity
subject: Cognition
subject: Affect
subject: PhD

description: A version of Chapter 1 is published in Personality and Individual Differences entitled "Sensitive individuals are more creative." - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2018.09.015. A version of Chapter 2 is published in Personality and Individual Differences entitled "The sensitive, open creator." https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2018.09.016
description: Sensory-processing sensitivity, or neurosensitivity, is a biologically-based personality dimension with implications for personality, creativity and cognition. This thesis focuses on sensitivity and its cognitive implications using recent state-of-the-art sensitivity and creativity assessments with an aim to identify objective cognitive tests of sensitivity that can supplement self-report measures, whilst providing insight into the brain basis for creativity. In Chapter 1, we review literature on creativity and sensitivity. Chapter 2 presents new evidence that positive-affect-related dimensions of sensitivity benefit creativity independently and/or interactively with Big-Five openness. Factor analysis in Chapter 3 provides important evidence that multiple dimensions of sensitivity are distinct from Big-Five personality traits. Chapter 4 and 5 explore sensitivity-related attention components in relation to endogenous and exogenous attention tasks, revealing that positive-affect-related sensitivity is characterized by differences in exogenous inhibition-of-return, and defocused, disinhibited attention states that facilitate creative potential. Chapter 6 shows sensitivity has positive implications for learning and memory processes, demonstrating that neurosensitivity affects neuroplasticity favourably. Chapter 7 explores how individual differences in unconscious cognitive mechanisms of latent inhibition (LI) may underlie higher creative potential and achievement in sensitive, open creators, as theory and evidence suggest low LI in high sensitivity and creative achievement. No evidence was found to support the hypothesis that LI differs in sensitivity, or underlies the sensitive creator. All findings are interpreted in light of a new sensitivity framework that is consistent with cognitive disinhibition and hemispheric asymmetry hypotheses of creativity and models of the creative process suggesting an important role for conscious and unconscious cognition.
title: Complementary acoustic data from fishing and research vessels for enhanced ecosystem understanding
Creators: name: Fässler, Sascha M.M.
name: Petitgas, Pierre
name: Woillez, Mathieu
Publisher: name: ASC 2015 - Theme session C
Year: 2024
Subjects: Ecosystem observation, processes and dynamics

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.Most of the scientific monitoring and sampling programmes currently in place are specific and assess the status of individual ecosystem components. Acoustic surveys are an essential source of information for current stock assessments but can often only provide estimates of 'snapshot' stock abundances within limited spatial and temporal ranges. Combination of different acoustic sampling platforms (including ships of opportunity) to simultaneously collect information on species distributions at previously inaccessible spatio-temporal scales may be a solution to the increased data requirements for the ecosystem approach to fisheries management. Pelagic fishing vessels could serve as such data collection platforms to provide useful information, especially on high fish density (hotspot) locations, to complement scientific survey data. Geostatistic methods were used to explore the potential of combining fishing vessel with survey data.
title: Making choices: the way forward from single-stock survey to integrated ecosystem survey
Creators: name: de Boois, Ingeborg
name: Clark, Donald
name: Demer, David
name: Eriksen, Elena
name: Hufnagle, Lawrence C.
name: Kupschus, Sven
name: Moreau, Kelle
name: Moreno, Ana
name: Reid, Dave
name: Ulleweit, Jens
name: Wieland, Kai
Publisher: name: ASC 2015 - Theme session C
Year: 2024
Subjects: Ecosystem observation, processes and dynamics

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.Over the last decade, fisheries surveys designed to support single species stock assessments have taken steps towards addressing more general ecosystem aims, allowing e.g. detection of ecosystem changes. The advent of the ecosystem approach (in Europe the MSFD specifically) has greatly increased the need to accelerate this development and lead to a re-evaluation of existing monitoring strategies. Since 2009, the ICES working group on Integrating Surveys for the Ecosystem Approach (WGISUR) develops theoretical frameworks and provides practical guidance on different options for integrated data collection focusing on fisheries surveys as a collection platform.
Individual differences and strategies for human reasoning
Creators: name: Bacon, Alison Margaret
Publisher: name: University of Plymouth
Year: 2003

description: Theories of human reasoning have tended to assume cognitive universality, i. e. that all individuals reason in basically the same way. However, some research (e. g. that of Ford. 1995) has found evidence of individual differences in the strategies people use for syllogistic reasoning. This thesis presents a series of experiments which aimed to identify individual differences in strategies for human reasoning and investigate their nature and aetiology. Experiment 1 successfully replicated and extended Ford (1995) and provided further evidence that most individuals prefer to reason with either verbal-propositional or visuo-spatial representations. Data from verbal and written protocols showed that verbal reasoners tended to use a method of substitution whereby they obtain a value for the common term from one premise and then simply substitute it in the other premise to obtain a conclusion. Spatial reasoners, on the other hand, presented protocols which resembled Euler circles and described the syllogistic premises in terms of sets and subsets. Experiment 2 provided some further qualitative evidence about the nature of such strategies, especially the verbal reasoners, showing that within strategy variations occurred. Experiment 3 extended this line of research, identifying a strong association between verbal and spatial strategies for syllogistic reasoning and abstract and concrete strategies for transitive inference (the latter having originally been identified by Egan and Grimes- Farrow, 1982). Experiments 1-3 also showed that inter-strategic differences in accuracy are generally not observed, hence, reasoners present an outward appearance of ubiquity despite underlying differences in reasoning processes. Experiments 5 and 6 investigated individual differences in cognitive factors which may underpin strategy preference. Whilst no apparent effects of verbal and spatial ability or cognitive style were found, reasoners did appear to draw differentially on the verbal and spatial components of working memory. Confirmatory factor analysis showed that whilst verbal reasoners draw primarily on the verbal memory resource, spatial reasoners draw both on this and on spatial resource. Overall, these findings have important implications for theories of human reasoning, which need to take into account possible individual differences in strategies if they are to present a truly comprehensive account of how people reason.
Anisodontea scabrosa D. M. Bates 1969
Creators: name: Jarvis, Charlie
Publisher: name: Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Malvales
Malvaceae
Anisodontea
Anisodontea scabrosa

description: Malva scabrosa Linnaeus, Centuria II Plantarum: 27. 1756.
"Habitat in Aethiopia." RCN: 5045.
 Basionym of: Malva capensis L. var. scabrosa (L.) L. (1763).
 Lectotype (Bates in Gentes Herb. 10: 239, f. 4. 1969): [icon] " Malva Africana frutescens flore rubro" in Commelin, Hort. Med. Amstelod. Pl. Rar. 2: 171, t. 86. 1701.
 Current name:  Anisodontea scabrosa  (L.) D.M. Bates (Malvaceae).
description: Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part M), pp. 651-689 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 654, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971
THE POTENTIATION OF ACTIONS BY VISUAL OBJECTS
Creators: name: TUCKER, MICHAEL RICHARD EDWIN
Publisher: name: University of Plymouth
Year: 1997

description: This thesis examines the relation between visual objects and the actions they afford. It is proposed that viewing an object results in the potentiation of the actions that can be made towards it. The proposal is consistent with neurophysiological evidence that suggests that no clear divide exists between visual and motor representation in the dorsal visual pathway, a processing stream that neuropsychological evidence strongly implicates in the visual control of actions. The experimental work presented examines motor system involvement in visual representation when no intention to perform a particular action is present. It is argued that the representation of action-relevant visual object properties, such as size and orientation, has a motor component. Thus representing the location of a graspable object involves representations of the motor commands necessary to bring the hand to the object. The proposal was examined in a series of eight experiments that employed a Stimulus- Response Compatibility paradigm in which the relation between responses and stimulus properties was never made explicit. Subjects had to make choice reaction time responses that mimicked a component of an action that a viewed object afforded. The action-relevant stimulus property was always irrelevant to response determination and consisted of components of the reach and grasp movement. The results found are not consistent with explanations based on the abstract coding of stimulus-response properties and strongly implicate the involvement of the action system. They provide evidence that merely viewing an object results in the activation of the motor patterns necessary to interact with them. The actions an object affords are an intrinsic part of its visual representation, not merely on account of the association between objects and familiar actions but because the motor system is directly involved in the representation of visuo-spatial object properties.
title: Experience and results of long-term ecosystem monitoring of seismic survey, drilling and oil production in Southeast Baltic Sea
Creators: name: Aleksandrov, Sergey
Publisher: name: ASC 2015 - Theme session C
Year: 2024
Subjects: Ecosystem observation, processes and dynamics

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.Assessment of the ecological state and pollution is one of the important lines of marine research inRussia. As an example of ecosystem monitoring it is possible to review the regular monitoring whichis carried out by «AtlantNIRO» in the south-eastern part of the Baltic Sea. The offshore oil field'Kravtsovskoye' is the largest in the Baltic Sea. Company «Lukoil» has been extracting oil and realizesseismic surveys in the territorial waters and EEZ of Russia. The ecosystem monitoring of the drillingand oil production which is carried out since 2003. The local monitoring is carried out near theoffshore platform and the regional monitoring covers EEZ and territorial waters of Russia in the BalticSea. Monitoring includes a lot of physical, chemical, biological indicators. Also the seismic shootingwith air guns were fulfilled in 2007-2011. The long-term monitoring allows drawing conclusions oninfluence of oil production on pollution of South-Eastern Baltic Sea. Also, these studies have greatlyadvanced the knowledge of the structure and functioning of marine ecosystems of the Baltic Sea.
title: Ecosystem surveys in developing countries –cooperation, knowledge generation, development of methodology and management implementation
Creators: name: Michalsen, Kathrine
name: Strømme, Tore
name: Toresen, Reidar
name: Krakstad, Jens-Otto
name: Serigstad, Bjørn
Publisher: name: ASC 2015 - Theme session C
Year: 2024
Subjects: Ecosystem observation, processes and dynamics

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.Ecosystem surveys in developing countries may involve different objectives, methodology, options and challenges than similar surveys conducted in European waters. Also, limited knowledge about basic ecosystem functions and lack of fisheries management bodies, require extra careful considerations about where to put the scientific effort. In order to fill some of the knowledge gaps, the research vessel Dr. Fridtjof Nansen has for decades conducted surveys in various developing countries. In the current work we will give examples on some of the components involved in these surveys. In addition we will share the lesions learned when it comes to what knowledge, which gaps and which needs a survey can fulfill.
Taphozous nudiventris Cretzschmar 1830
Creators: name: Thu, Aye Myat
name: Lwin, Ye Htet
name: Quan, Rui-Chang
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Chiroptera
Emballonuridae
Taphozous
Taphozous nudiventris

description: 208. Taphozous nudiventris Cretzschmar, 1830
Common name: Naked-rumped Tomb Bat
Myanmar name:
Distribution: North African countries, India, Pakistan and Northwestern Myanmar (Western and Central area).
description: Published as part of Thu, Aye Myat, Lwin, Ye Htet & Quan, Rui-Chang, 2024, Mammals of Myanmar: an annotated checklist, pp. 147-197 in Mammalia (Warsaw, Poland) (Warsaw, Poland) 88 (3) on page 173, DOI: 10.1515/mammalia-2023-0098, http://zenodo.org/record/13913939
Malvella sherardiana Fryxell
Creators: name: Jarvis, Charlie
Publisher: name: Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Malvales
Malvaceae
Malvella
Malvella sherardiana

description: Malva sherardiana Linnaeus, Species Plantarum, ed. 2, 2: 1675. 1763.
"Habitat in Bithynia. Arduino." RCN: 5049.
 Lectotype (Clement in Contr. Gray Herb. 180: 49. 1957): Herb. Linn. No. 870.20 (LINN).
 Current name:  Malvella sherardiana  (L.) Fryxell (Malvaceae).
 Note: Specific epithet spelled “scherardiana” in the protologue.
description: Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part M), pp. 651-689 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 654, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971
title: Ecosystem-Based Fishery Management; Ecosystem modelling; ecologically sustainable target points; spatial management
Creators: name: Baudron, Alan R.
name: Serpetti, Natalia
name: Heymans, Sheila J. J.
name: Fernandes, Paul G.
Publisher: name: ASC 2015 - Theme session B
Year: 2024
Subjects: Fisheries and aquaculture
Ecosystem observation, processes and dynamics

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.The west of Scotland (WS) ecosystem supports several fisheries (pelagic, crustaceans and mixed demersal) and faces numerous management challenges (depleted cod and whiting stocks, bycatch of juvenile gadoids by prawn trawlers, increased predation on fish by seals). This makes it an ideal case study to examine how ecosystem-based fisheries management (EBFM) might work in practice. We employed the foodweb ecosystem model Ecopath with Ecosim (EwE) to simulate management strategies for WS fisheries, to tackle specific management issues under an EBFM framework. Management scenarios were simulated using different combinations of fleet effort distribution. Outputs from the model were analysed to investigate (i) management strategies required to recover gadoid stocks; and (ii) alternative effort allocations between demersal fish, prawn and pelagic fish fisheries. Good Environmental Status (GES) indicators were calculated to assess ecosystem health. Significant effort reductions were needed to recover gadoids stocks. Shifting fishing effort slightly towards the prawn and pelagic fisheries resulted in greater first sale landing values while achieving GES. Ecosystem modelling incorporating trophic interactions to identify the best management strategy provides evidence which may operationalise EBFM.
SECTIONED UNDER THE MENTAL HEALTH ACT
Creators: name: Ross, Kate
Publisher: name: University of Plymouth
Year: 1995

description: This project looks at the experience of being sectioned under the 1983 Mental Health Act for acute psychiatric patients. The view is taken that sectioning in itself is a major intervention and hence should be the subject of research scrutiny. The views of two groups of participants, sectioned and informal inpatients, are compared using a variety of survey techniques including standardised questionnaires, structured interviews and open ended questions. It was found that being sectioned did not have a major impact on patients' experience of hospital treatment or their understandings of mental health issues although the sectioned patients did place less value on the medical aspects of their care and some sectioned patients showed a degree of internality for their health care that was not present in the informal group. Locus of control and transactional analysis were both found to be useful theoretical perspectives from which to examine patients' experiences. In general, the psychiatric patients who participated in the project valued the human contacts they made in hospital far more than their medical treatment. They also tended to attribute the cause of their psychiatric difficulties to non-medically based models of mental health based on childhood experiences, life events, human relationships and stress.
title: New light for time series: international collaboration in ship-based ecosystem monitoring
Creators: name: Bode, Antonio
name: Bates, Nicholas R.
name: Cloern, James
name: Isensee, Kirsten
name: Lomas, Mike
name: Lorenzoni, Laura
name: Lotliker, Aneesh A.
name: Muller-Karger, Frank E.
name: O'Brien, Todd
name: Richardson, Anthony J.
name: Ross, Andrew
name: Valdés, Luis
name: Wiebe, Peter
Publisher: name: ASC 2015 - Theme session C
Year: 2024
Subjects: Ecosystem observation, processes and dynamics

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.Ship-based biogeochemical and ecological time series are one of the most valuable tools tocharacterize and quantify ocean ecosystems. These programs continuously provided majorbreakthroughs in understanding ecosystem variability, allow quantification of the ocean carbon cycle,and help understand the processes that link biodiversity, food webs, and changes in services thatbenefit human societies. A quantum jump in regional and global ocean ecosystem science can begained by aggregating observations from individual time series that are distributed across differentoceans and which are managed by different countries. The collective value of these data is greaterthan that provided by each time series individually. However, maintaining time series requires acommitment by the science community and sponsor agencies.. Based on the success of existinginitiatives, e.g. ICES and SCOR working groups, IOC-UNESCO launched the International Group forMarine Ecological Time Series (IGMETS, http://igmets.net) to promote collaborations across differentindividual projects, and jointly look at holistic changes within different ocean regions. The effortexplores the reasons and connections for changes in phytoplankton and zooplankton at a global leveland identifies locations where particularly large changes may be ocurring. This compilation willfacilitate better coordination, communication, and data intercomparability among time series.
title: Collect once, use often: addressing additional policy objectives with existing datasets
Creators: name: Murray, Joanna
name: Whomserley, Paul
Publisher: name: ASC 2015 - Theme session C
Year: 2024
Subjects: Ecosystem observation, processes and dynamics

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.As we move towards more integrated approaches to monitoring in the marine environment, there is an increasing requirement to utilise data collected under existing programmes in a ‘collect once, use often’ approach. Over the last three years, the UK government has implemented an extensive survey programme to collect new data and evidence at recommended Marine Conservation Zones (rMCZs) across English inshore and English and Welsh offshore waters. Backscatter and bathymetry, seabed imagery and grab samples have been collected at over sixty seven sites to provide a robust evidence base to support MCZ designation. This dataset not only provides evidence to underpin designation decisions, it also presents the opportunity to address other policy questions where additional resources for a dedicated programme are not available. One such application is mapping the occurrence of non-indigenous species (NIS) around the UK coast. Infauna and epifaunal data records from the MCZ project were analysed against a list of 135 aquatic species from the Non-native Species Information Portal (NNSIP) register. Twenty NIS were identified across 42 of the 67 sites studied. This study demonstrates that with sufficient coordination and management, data collected for other purposes can be easily utilised to address additional policy requirements.
TEMPORALLY DISCRIMINATED OPERANT RESPONDING IN FISH
Creators: name: GEE, PHILIP
Publisher: name: University of Plymouth
Year: 1995

description: In Experiment 1, groups of 10 goldfish and of 10 grey mullet were trained to press a lever for food under a fixed, daily, light cycle. The periods during which responses were reinforced were restricted to two, 1-hr periods in every 24 hrs. These periods occurred at the same time each day. Responses were coordinated with the temporal contingencies of the schedule, and this pattern persisted for a number of days when no responses were reinforced. Experiment 2 demonstrated that a fixed light cycle was not essential for the maintenance of temporal discrimination. Experiment 3 followed a similar procedure to that of Experiment 1, except with individual goldfish and with only one, 1-hr feeding period in every 24. Experiment 4 produced evidence that temporal discrimination could develop under continuous illumination in individual goldfish. In Experiment 5, individual goldfish under continuous illumination were exposed to schedules that reinforced lever presses with food during a 1-hr period each day. Training with simultaneous temporal and visual contingencies, where food was available only in the presence of a stimulus light and at the same time each day, did not attenuate control over responding by either contingency. Further, pretraining on the temporal contingency did not prevent the subsequent acquisition of control by a stimulus light that was presented during the feeding hour. Similarly, pretraining on a visual contingency in which food was available at a different time each day did not prevent the subsequent acquisition of control by the temporal contingency (established by fixing the time of food availability). In Experiment 6, pretraining on the visual contingency did attenuate the subsequent acquisition of control by a different visual stimulus, showing that the lack of interference in control observed in Experiment 5 was not simply due to the intertrial interval used. These findings suggest that concurrent temporal and visual contingencies may control behaviour in parallel rather than in a competitive manner.
Taphozous theobaldi Dobson 1872
Creators: name: Thu, Aye Myat
name: Lwin, Ye Htet
name: Quan, Rui-Chang
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Chiroptera
Emballonuridae
Taphozous
Taphozous theobaldi

description: 209. Taphozous theobaldi Dobson, 1872
Common name: Theobald ’ s Tomb Bat
Myanmar name:
Distribution: Cambodia, China, India, Thailand, Vietnam and Southern Myanmar (Tanintharyi Region, Mon and Kayin States; Nyo 2005).
description: Published as part of Thu, Aye Myat, Lwin, Ye Htet & Quan, Rui-Chang, 2024, Mammals of Myanmar: an annotated checklist, pp. 147-197 in Mammalia (Warsaw, Poland) (Warsaw, Poland) 88 (3) on page 173, DOI: 10.1515/mammalia-2023-0098, http://zenodo.org/record/13913939
Geometric and Extra-Geometric Spatial Conceptualisation: A cross-linguistic and non-verbal perspective
Creators: name: Crum-Lindqvist, Anne
Publisher: name: University of Plymouth
Year: 2008

description: Almost all past empirical work exploring the Functional Geometric Framework (FGF) proposed by Coventry and Garrod (2004) for spatial language use has been based on a single language - English. Therefore the extent to which the framework applies across languages has not been established. The current thesis investigated whether geometric and extra-geometric factors affect production and comprehension of spatial language across three languages; English, Finnish and Spanish. Eight cross-linguistic appropriateness rating studies identified similarities and differences in the factors that underlie our verbal conceptualisation of space across three classes of spatial relations/terms: 1) topological relations (e.g., in/on), 2) vertical axis projective terms (e.g., above/below), and 3) horizontal axis projective terms (e.g., in front of/behind) and their Finnish and Spanish counterparts. There was support for the FGF crosslinguistically, and many of the results were in line with what has been previously discovered in research on English, although extra-geometric factors, such as conceptual knowledge and dynamic kinematic-routines, were revealed to often have different weightings in different languages. Given the importance of extra-geometric factors across languages, the second part of the thesis asks whether extra-geometric factors also influence (non-linguistic) memory for spatial object relations. This question was addressed by two non-verbal spatial memory experiments which revealed that this was the case in some circumstances. Horizontal shifts in position by a potentially horizontally mobile object were more accurately remembered in specific conditions, i.e. when the located object was positioned along the diagonal axes of the reference object rather than cardinal axes, and when the movement was against the direction of expected movement of the located object. However, location memory for vertical shifts of position, was not affected in such a way by potentially vertically mobile objects in any circumstances. In the closing chapter of the thesis the generalisability of the FGF for crosslinguistic and non-linguistic relations is discussed.
Critique of a dual-system model of category learning
Creators: name: Edmunds, C E R
Publisher: name: University of Plymouth
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: PhD

description: Some researchers have argued that the category learning literature is conclusive: people learn to generalise from past experiences to novel ones using multiple learning systems (Ashby & Maddox, 2011). To the extent that this claim is true, it is due in no small part to work investigating the predictions of the dual-system model COVIS (COmpetition between Verbal and Implicit Systems; Ashby, Alfonso-Reese, Turken, & Waldron, 1998). The work presented here investigates the evidence for this model. In Chapter 1, I describe the main features of the COVIS model and briefly review some of the evidence that supports this model. This section highlights two main problems with this literature. First, that many of the studies that have purported to support a dualsystems description of category learning have been found to be flawed when re-examined by independent researchers. This observation is explored more deeply in the next two chapters, where I attempted to reproduce the work of two studies argued to support the COVIS literature. In Chapter 2, I re-examined the work reported by Ashby, Maddox, and Bohil (2002) that looked at the effect of training type on category learning. In Chapter 3, I re-examined work reported by Spiering and Ashby (2008) that looked at the effect of training order on category learning. Both these chapters failed to find evidence for two systems of category learning. The second issue raised in Chapter 1 is that none of the studies cited in support of COVIS critically examined the fundamental assumptions of the model. More specifically, Chapters 4 and 5 looked at how participants complete the categorisation tasks used in this literature. In Chapter 4, I conducted experimental work to determine whether some category structures are learned implicitly, as argued throughout the COVIS literature. Then, in Chapter 5 I conducted several simulations to investigate an analysis used ubiquitously in the COVIS literature to determine the strategies participants use to complete categorisation tasks. This analysis is a critical manipulation check for all these experiments. However, I found evidence that the analysis systematically over-estimates the evidence for dual-systems. Furthermore, both these chapters found evidence to suggest that the evidence for the COVIS model can be explained without needing to assume that participants can learn implicitly. Finally, in Chapter 6 I bring these threads together to discuss the implications for the COVIS model.
WHAT FACTORS AFFECT CHEATING IN SECONDARY SCHOOL AND WHY?
Creators: name: ARMSTEAD, PENELOPE KATHRYN
Publisher: name: University of Plymouth
Year: 2001

description: Cheating in British secondary schools has not been previously researched. The aim of this thesis was to ascertain what factors affect cheating in secondary school and why? Initially, four questions were posed: "what is cheating?', "when is it wrong to cheat?', 'what role do parents play' and 'what are teacher perceptions of cheating compared with those of students?'. These questions were addressed by studying the perspectives of students, parents and teachers using a mixture of quantitative and qualitative methodologies, involving nearly 1000 respondents in six studies. Two models were developed. The first, a four dimensional model, explained what students thought cheating was. Cheating was perceived to be comprised of the following interrelated dimensions: non-academic and academic behaviours, a temporal component, assessment events and degrees of severity. The second, a decision model, indicated under what circumstances cheating might be right or wrong. Cheating was wrong for respondents who perceived only negative academic associations, whilst It could be right for others, when motives for cheating were perceived to be honourable. Respondents reported the extent to which they were like students in scenarios who were portrayed to have cheated in a variety of ways. Data from parents and teachers were used to test and amplify these models. Students and teachers held similar perceptions regarding cheating frequency, but not severity. Parents held perceptions of cheating that were more extreme than those of students and teachers. The findings of these studies have major implications for those involved in the wider educational environments of the home, school and society. Recommendations are made regarding cun-ent educational testing policies, the promotion of leaming and the reduction of cheating.
SOME PSYCHOLOGICAL DYNAMICS OF OBESITY IN CHILDHOOD: THE RELATIONSHIPS AMONG ANXIOUS ATTTACHMENT, IMPAIRED SELF-IDENTITY, AND BODY IMAGE
Creators: name: Regina, Kay
Publisher: name: University of Plymouth
Year: 1981

description: The psychological dynamics of obesity in children were studied from the viewpoint of Bowlby's (1969; 1973) attachment theory. Literature was reviewed which reported a lack of self-differentiation in the obese which is consistent with anxious attachment. Underdifferentiation causes conceptual confusion about bodily needs and states resulting in external directedness that is reflected both in eating as a response to environmental cues and in field dependence. Studies implicate overprotective, age-inappropriate, and indulgent parenting in the development of both obesity and field dependence. Such parenting is typical of anxious attachment which was posited in this study as a psychological component in the etiology of obesity in childhood. It was hypothesized that obese children are more anxiously attached, have poorer self-concepts, are more field dependent, and have greater body image distortion than non-obese children. The principal instruments administered were: The Hansburg Separation Anxiety Test (HSAT), Piers-Harris Children’s Self-Concept Scale, MMPI Lie Scale, Embedded Figures Test, Body Image Disturbance Scale, and a Behavioral Checklist (BCL) for anxious attachment. The HSAT did not discriminate between the two groups, but the obese were significantly more anxiously attached than the non-obese on the BCL. The groups did not differ in self-concept, a finding which may be mitigated by the obese children's higher Lie Scale scores which indicate they may be less frank as to their feelings about themselves. The obese were more field dependent and displayed greater body image distortion. Anxious mother-child attachments can contribute to the development of obesity by limiting children's motility, causing them to be overfed due to neurotic anxiety in the mother, and preventing the establishment of good peer relations so that children overeat to comfort themselves. Maternal denial of the separateness of the child and limitations on the child's activities prevent the development of an adequate body image so that the self is not adequately differentiated from the mother-child dyad. The child remains externally directed, field dependent, and fails to learn to eat in response to nutritional rather than emotional need.
Nycteris tragata
Creators: name: Thu, Aye Myat
name: Lwin, Ye Htet
name: Quan, Rui-Chang
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Chiroptera
Nycteridae
Nycteris
Nycteris tragata

description: 210. Nycteris tragata (K. Andersen, 1912)
Common name: Malayan Slit-faced Bat
Myanmar name:
Distribution: Brunei Darussalam, Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand and Southern Myanmar (recorded in Proposed Lenya NP; Grindley 2019).
description: Published as part of Thu, Aye Myat, Lwin, Ye Htet & Quan, Rui-Chang, 2024, Mammals of Myanmar: an annotated checklist, pp. 147-197 in Mammalia (Warsaw, Poland) (Warsaw, Poland) 88 (3) on page 173, DOI: 10.1515/mammalia-2023-0098, http://zenodo.org/record/13913939
Data from: Analysis of phytochemicals, antioxidants, and antimicrobial properties in non-polar extracts of Magnolia virginiana L. flowers from Saudi Arabia
Creators: name: Qureshi, Kamal A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Phytochemistry
antimicrobial activity
antioxidant activity
essential oil-bearing plant
Magnolia virginiana plant extract

description: Magnolia virginiana (M. virginiana) L., a native North American plant commonly used in landscaping, is also cultivated in Saudi Arabia. This study's main objective and novel aspect is to examine the effects of environmental conditions on the chemical composition and pharmacological properties of M. virginiana plants grown in central Saudi Arabia. The chemical diversity and biological activity of n-hexane and diethyl ether extracts of M. virginiana flowers were analyzed. GC-MS identified aromatic and aliphatic esters, triterpenes, steroids, and phenolic acids. The total phenolic contents were 29.66 and 29.44 mg GAE/g for the n-hexane and diethyl ether extracts, respectively. The diethyl ether extract showed more potent antioxidant activity, whereas the n-hexane extract had higher metal chelating and free radical scavenging activities. Diethyl ether extract demonstrated more substantial antimicrobial potential, notably against Staphylococcus saprophyticus (zone of inhibition: 20.0 ± 0.3 mm; MIC, MBC, MBIC, MBEC: 0.78, 1.56, 1.56, and 3.125 mg/mL, respectively). Further analysis is required to stabilize M. virginiana L. extracts for therapeutic use.
Toward a Women-Centred Approach to Infant Feeding Research
Creators: name: Callaghan, Lynne Ellen
Publisher: name: University of Plymouth
Year: 2002

description: This thesis aimed to provide an integrated model of infant feeding, centred on women's experiences. Two studies were employed in order to meet this aim. Firstly, a questionnaire-based longitudinal study within a Social Cognitive framework was carried out in order to understand the internal and external processes involved in the infant feeding experience. Eighty-five first time mothers participated in this study. Participants were assessed at three stages; once during pregnancy, once at six to eight, and again at four to six moths postpartum. The results of the longitudinal study supported the use of the Social Cognitive framework, and more specifically the applications of both the Theory of Reasoned Action (Ajzen & Fishbein, 1980), and Self-Efficacy Theory (Bandura, 1977). Further, analysis revealed support for the conceptualisation of Social Support in this study, and enhanced understanding of the role of external variables. The second study contained within this thesis was a qualitative interview-based study of the infant feeding experiences of eight participants of the longitudinal study who volunteered to be interviewed. The combination of the results of the quantitative longitudinal study and the qualitative study gave rise to a reconceptualisation of infant feeding encompassing three phases; the decision phase, the initiation phase, and the maintenance phase that were formed and are themselves guided by internal and external processes based on women's individual experiences. It is proposed that this integrated model can be used as a platforn1 for the furthering of women-centred theoretically based infant feeding research, and furthermore, the development of women-centred, evidence-based practice.