cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: The impact of Ockham's "Nominalism" on his understanding of human nature and the imago dei in man, in comparison with Aquinas, bonaventure and scotus
Creators: name: Williams, Anthony George
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2011

description: This thesis focuses on the consequences for understanding of human nature in theology and philosophy arising from the 'necessitarian crisis' of the 13th century. This was caused by official reaction to misappropriation of Aristotle by some philosophers and theologians, resulting in the Paris 'Condemnations' of 1270 and 1277. Flourishing before the crisis came to a head, Aquinas and Bonaventure made use of Aristotle's eudaemonism (happiness-oriented ethics) and natural finality to produce their own accounts of the teleological 'ordering' of human nature to its ultimate perfection and goal in God. Scotus and Ockham represent progressive stages in the subsequent eclipse and loss of the teleological perspective and natural finality, and its replacement by a more voluntarist, juridical and legalistic outlook, with consequences for the understanding of human nature.

An assessment is made of the impact of the resurgence of philosophical nominalism in the person of its principal 14thcentury exponent, William of Ockham. Each chapter charts the change in outlook from Aquinas to Ockham, under the respective headings of 'nature', 'freedom', 'grace' and the imago Dei. The focus is particularly on the effects of Ockham's logic and semantics on his own account of these realities.

The research provides evidence that Scotus and, especially, Ockham can be seen as contributors to the devaluation of nature. It is suggested that there is in Ockham's accounts of nature, grace and freedom a diminution of the sense of 'receptivity' to the divine which would mark the disposition of a soul being sanctified. It is shown that this receptivity has its source in the Trinitarian relations, where being is both given and received. In spite of his nominalist account of the category of 'relation', Ockham's portrayal of the imago Dei accurately reflects the intra-divine relations.
title: Internet-mediated intercultural English language education in China's higher education institutions
Creators: name: Wang, Liang
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2010

description: In the information age, the advent of Internet technologies has made it possible to transform language learning and teaching, through online intercultural exploration and exchange. The role of English as an international language in global communication is recognised in China's latest national guidelines for tertiary language curricula, which seek to develop professionals possessing both sound language proficiency and intercultural competence, alongside other goals such as information literacy and learner autonomy. This thesis examines the actual delivery of an intercultural dimension mediated by Internet technologies.

To this end, this thesis reports an investigation into the situation of Internet-mediated intercultural English language teaching and learning at China's higher education institutions conducted between 2008 and 2009. Multi-stage and multi-site fieldwork combined a survey approach and a collective case study approach. The researcher being the primary data collection tool, data obtained from questionnaire survey, interview (and informal conversation), observation and document collection instruments have been combined. The survey findings thus not only have breadth, but also provide materials for in-depth studies of sample cases.

Four cases, demonstrating a variety of institutional, individual, pedagogical and technological factors, are analysed at greater length to explore whether evidenced Internet-mediated practices might facilitate an intercultural approach to teaching and learning. Comparisons suggest that, despite their differing characteristics and contexts, there are some commonalities in terms of Internet-mediated activities entailing elements of an intercultural approach. These elements are synthesised and mapped out in an original pedagogical framework for Internet-mediated intercultural teaching and learning, with a set of guiding principles. This framework advocates establishing an Internet-mediated intra-class community as the basis for undertaking intercultural language activities, complementing the prevailing telecollaborative model for the development of intercultural communicative competence. This outcome contributes to a fuller understanding of the design of Internet-mediated intercultural language activities.
Time Stationarity of Systematic Risk: Some Australian Evidence
Creators: name: Faff, Robert W.
name: Lee, John H. H.
name: Fry, Tim R. L.
name: Faff, Robert W.
name: Lee, John H. H.
name: Fry, Tim R. L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1990
Subjects: Risk and Uncertainty

description: While the evidence on time-varying systematic risk of U.S. assets is well documented in the literature, little work has been conducted in the Australian equity market. This paper intends to fill this gap in the literature by employing an alternative testing procedure to those used in previous studies. Moreover, a new methodology of determining the p-value of a test statistic is applied. The results of our study suggest that there is evidence of time-varying systematic risk for both individual assets and portfolios in Australia.
Policies Affecting Educational Outcomes in Primary, Secondary, and Postsecondary Education
Creators: name: Zuniga, Raymond A.
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 3902
subject: Education policy, sociology and philosophy

description: Education policy researchers have long sought to understand how various inputs of the education production function contribute to educational success, especially for those traditionally underserved populations. In three stand-alone essays (chapters), this dissertation will examine three such inputs of the education production function using quasi-experimental research methods. Chapter One uses Current Population Survey data for 1996-2016 and relies on difference-in-difference model specifications to estimate the effect of tuition subsidy policies on educational attainment and labor supply for Latino foreign-born noncitizens (FBNC) (i.e. proxy for undocumented youth) in high school. Primary findings show that eligibility for tuition subsidies lower Latino FBNC dropout rates, while providing access to state financial aid programs lowers dropout rates and increases labor supply. For tuition subsidy bans, however, I find some suggestive evidence of increasing dropout rates immediately following policy adoption. Implications of these findings suggest that signals from tuition subsidy policies do influence educational attainment and labor supply outcomes for those likely to be undocumented youth. Chapter Two uses data from a top-100 private, nonprofit college for 2005-2014 and relies on as-good-as-random assignment mechanisms to estimate the effect of professional academic advisor biological sex on early outcomes regarding academic performance (i.e., GPA and earned credit accumulation) and educational planning (i.e. changing majors and persistence). Primary findings show that cross-sex student-advisor matches affect male and female students differently; female students experience better academic performance (e.g. cumulative GPA), while male students change educational plans at lower rates. Implications from these findings suggest that colleges should ensure males and females are represented in advising services. Finally, Chapter Three uses Texas Education Agency data for 2003-2010 and relies on a synthetic control method to estimate the impact of a large worksite enforcement operation (LWEO) on academic performance for young children in a targeted community. Primary findings show the LWEO lowered proficiency rates on reading and math standardized tests for third grade children, and there is some evidence to suggest absenteeism drive effects. Implications from these findings suggest a need for revised immigration law enforcement strategies that both meets our immigration policy goals and minimizes harms inflicted on children.
Sun-like Stars Shed Light on Solar Climate Forcing
Creators: name: Judge, P. G.
name: Egeland, R.
name: Henry, G. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently published, precise stellar photometry of 72 Sun-like stars obtained at the Fairborn Observatory between 1993 and 2017 is used to set limits on the solar forcing of Earth's atmosphere of $\pm$ 4.5 W m$^{-2}$ since 1750. This compares with the +2.2 $\pm$ 1.1 W m$^{-2}$ IPCC estimate for anthropogenic forcing. Three critical assumptions are made. In decreasing order of importance they are: (a) most of the brightness variations occur within the average time-series length of $\approx$17 years; (b) the Sun seen from the ecliptic behaves as an ensemble of middle-aged solar-like stars; and (c) narrow-band photometry in the Strömgren $b$ and $y$ bands are linearly proportional to the total solar irradiance. Assumption (a) can best be relaxed and tested by obtaining more photometric data of Sun-like stars, especially those already observed. Eight stars with near-solar parameters have been observed from 1999, and two since 1993. Our work reveals the importance of continuing and expanding ground-based photometry, to complement expensive solar irradiance measurements from space.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures, accepted to The Astrophysical Journal Letters
Observational Bounds on Cosmic Doomsday
Creators: name: Kallosh, Renata
name: Kratochvil, Jan
name: Linde, Andrei
name: Linder, Eric V.
name: Shmakova, Marina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently it was found, in a broad class of models, that the dark energy density may change its sign during the evolution of the universe. This may lead to a global collapse of the universe within the time t_c ~ 10^{10}-10^{11} years. Our goal is to find what bounds on the future lifetime of the universe can be placed by the next generation of cosmological observations. As an example, we investigate the simplest model of dark energy with a linear potential V(ϕ) =V_0(1+αϕ). This model can describe the present stage of acceleration of the universe if αis small enough. However, eventually the field ϕrolls down, V(ϕ) becomes negative, and the universe collapses. The existing observational data indicate that the universe described by this model will collapse not earlier than t_c > 10 billion years from the present moment. We show that the data from SNAP and Planck satellites may extend the bound on the "doomsday" time to t_c > 40 billion years at the 95% confidence level.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures, revtex4
QUIESCENT STEM CELLS ARE MAINTAINED IN-VITRO AFTER ADIPOCYTE DIFFERENTIATION
Creators: name: Alowais, Yasir Ahmed A.
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Here, we observed a distinct phenomenon were multipotent stem cells (MSC) never differentiate completely. This cell population ‘lipid(-)’ is always present in post in-vitro adipocyte differentiation. We investigated the multipotency of lipid(-) cells and characterize them based on the International Society of Cellular Therapy (ISCT) position paper “Minimal criteria for defining multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells” of 2006. The approach to the characterization of lipid(-) cells in this thesis is novel and unprecedented.The results reveal that lipid(-) cells can differentiate to adipocytes, chondrocytes, and osteoblast. Also, we were able to produce visual evidence of the presence of MSC surface markers; CD90, and CD105 in lipid(-) cells. We concluded that lipid(-) cells are multipotent yet quiescent stem cells.
Theme Overview: Global Craft Beer Renaissance
Creators: name: Berning, Joshua
name: McCullough, Michael P.
name: Berning, Joshua
name: McCullough, Michael P.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Craft Beer
subject: Global Trends
subject: Reputation

description: While the exact definition of craft beer is arguable, there is no doubt we are in the midst of a global renaissance, primarily driven by world-wide income growth and preferences toward quality and variety. This theme analyzes craft beer growth globally and efforts to establish and maintain a collective reputation.
Critical random hypergraphs: The emergence of a giant set of identifiable vertices
Creators: name: Goldschmidt, Christina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60C05 (Primary) 05C65, 05C80, 60F17. (Secondary)

description: We consider a model for random hypergraphs with identifiability, an analogue of connectedness. This model has a phase transition in the proportion of identifiable vertices when the underlying random graph becomes critical. The phase transition takes various forms, depending on the values of the parameters controlling the different types of hyperedges. It may be continuous as in a random graph. (In fact, when there are no higher-order edges, it is exactly the emergence of the giant component.) In this case, there is a sequence of possible sizes of ``components'' (including but not restricted to N^{2/3}). Alternatively, the phase transition may be discontinuous. We are particularly interested in the nature of the discontinuous phase transition and are able to exhibit precise asymptotics. Our method extends a result of Aldous [Ann. Probab. 25 (1997) 812-854] on component sizes in a random graph.
description: Published at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/009117904000000847 in the Annals of Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aop/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
QUIESCENT STEM CELLS ARE MAINTAINED IN-VITRO AFTER ADIPOCYTE DIFFERENTIATION
Creators: name: Alowais, Yasir Ahmed A.
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 31
subject: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Here, we observed a distinct phenomenon were multipotent stem cells (MSC) never differentiate completely. This cell population ‘lipid(-)’ is always present in post in-vitro adipocyte differentiation. We investigated the multipotency of lipid(-) cells and characterize them based on the International Society of Cellular Therapy (ISCT) position paper “Minimal criteria for defining multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells” of 2006. The approach to the characterization of lipid(-) cells in this thesis is novel and unprecedented.The results reveal that lipid(-) cells can differentiate to adipocytes, chondrocytes, and osteoblast. Also, we were able to produce visual evidence of the presence of MSC surface markers; CD90, and CD105 in lipid(-) cells. We concluded that lipid(-) cells are multipotent yet quiescent stem cells.
hybrid-Lenstool: A self-consistent algorithm to model galaxy clusters with strong- and weak-lensing simultaneously
Creators: name: Niemiec, Anna
name: Jauzac, Mathilde
name: Jullo, Eric
name: Limousin, Marceau
name: Sharon, Keren
name: Kneib, Jean-Paul
name: Natarajan, Priyamvada
name: Richard, Johan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new galaxy cluster lens modeling approach, hybrid-Lenstool, that is implemented in the publicly available modeling software Lenstool. hybrid-Lenstool combines a parametric approach to model the core of the cluster, and a non-parametric (free-form) approach to model the outskirts. hybrid-Lenstool optimizes both strong- and weak-lensing constraints simultaneously (Joint-Fit), providing a self-consistent reconstruction of the cluster mass distribution on all scales. In order to demonstrate the capabilities of the new algorithm, we tested it on a simulated cluster. hybrid-Lenstool yields more accurate reconstructed mass distributions than the former Sequential-Fit approach where the parametric and the non-parametric models are optimized successively. Indeed, we show with the simulated cluster that the mass density profile reconstructed with a Sequential-Fit deviates form the input by $2-3σ$ at all scales while the Joint-Fit gives a profile that is within $1-1.5σ$ of the true value. This gain in accuracy is consequential for recovering mass distributions exploiting cluster lensing and therefore for all applications of clusters as cosmological probes. Finally we found that the Joint-Fit approach yields shallower slope of the inner density profile than the Sequential-Fit approach, thus revealing possible biases in previous lensing studies.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures, 1 table
Additional file 1 of Overcoming challenges in prevalence meta-analysis: the case for the Freeman-Tukey transform
Creators: name: Abdulmajeed, Jazeel
name: Chivese, Tawanda
name: Doi, Suhail A. R.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Supplementary Material 1
title: The Career Destinations of Open University Secondary Postgraduate Certificate of Education Students
Creators: name: Bird, Elizabeth
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2011

description: The aim of this thesis is to provide an overview of and commentary on recruitment and entry to the teaching profession in England of mature trainees during a decade and a half between 1993 and 2008. It seeks to answer the question of the extent to which mature entry to the profession is able to contribute to teacher supply in England. While a number of national data sets include data on age, and there have been a number of studies and some media reporting in relation to mature entry, there has been, to date, no full account of mature entry to teaching. This thesis aims to fill that gap by providing a synthesis of the available information, interrogating that synthesis and identifying policy implications and questions for further research. The thesis explores the rhetoric and reality behind the efforts made to attract older entrants to teaching, considering the evidence base on which such campaigns were based. It considers the extent to which policy aims have been successfully met in respect of the employment and retention of those trained as mature trainees, and looks at implications for the future.
The Craft Beer Revolution: An International Perspective
Creators: name: Garavaglia, Christian
name: Swinnen, Johan
name: Garavaglia, Christian
name: Swinnen, Johan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Industrial Organization
subject: Beer
subject: Entry
subject: Industry Structure
subject: Small Firms

description: The craft beer industry has transformed global beer markets, ending a century of consolidation that resulted in the domination of a few global multinationals and the homogenization of beer. This article emphasizes how both demand and supply factors have driven the emergence and growth of craft beer gobally.
Significance Calculation and a New Analysis Method in Searching for New Physics at the LHC
Creators: name: Gao, Yongsheng
name: Lu, Liang
name: Wang, Xinlei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The LHC experiments have great potential in discovering many possible new particles up to the TeV scale. The significance calculation of an observation of a physics signal with known location and shape is no longer valid when either the location or the shape of the signal is unknown. We find the current LHC significance calculation of new physics is over-estimated and strongly depends on the specifics of the method and the situation it applies to. We describe general procedures for significance calculation and comparing different search schemes. A new method uses maximum likelihood fits with floating parameters and scans the parameter space for the best fit to the entire sample. We find that the new method is significantly more sensitive than current method and is insensitive to the exact location of the new physics signal we search.
description: 18 pages, 5 figuers, to be published in European Physical Journal C
title: 01_2737
Creators: name: Wesley Baldwin, John
name: Baldwin, John W.
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: L'ensemble de ces notes ont été crée par John Baldwin lors d'une de ses premières périodes de résidence à Paris. Ces documents comprennent tous les magistri qu’il avait pu rencontrer dans ses sources. Aux XIIème et XIIIème siècles, les universités n'existant pas encore, le titre de magister s'il évoque certainement une compétence n'est pas rattaché de façon systématique au passage par les écoles. De surcroît, les magistris sont le plus souvent désignés par leur seul prénom. La lecture de ces données est donc difficile et suppose un long travail pour tenter d'identifier un individu auquel on pourrait rattacher plusieurs mentions. John Baldwin avait donc renoncé à utiliser ces données pour donner un prolongement à sa magnifique étude sur les gradués d'université et leur emploi par les Capétiens et les Plantagenêts. Néanmoins, il a conservé ces données et elles sont potentiellement très utile dans le cadre de Studium, comme le sont toutes les mentions dans les volumes des Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae de chanoines portant ce titre de magister sans autres précisions. L'ampleur des dépouillements rend ces données très utiles et nous devons une grande reconnaissance à John Baldwin pour avoir pris la peine de faire photocopier ses fiches et de nous les avoir transmises amicalement.
Les données ainsi que les images des fiches sont accessibles sur le site Internet à l'adresse suivante : http://studium-baldwin.lamop.fr/.
Les transcriptions des fiches ont été effectuées par des étudiants de Paris 1 Panthéon - Sorbonne mais elles n'ont pas été corrigées par la suite.
description: Relation: https://lamop.hypotheses.org/
Capital flows and the risk-taking channel of monetary policy
Creators: name: Bruno, Valentina
name: Shin, Hyun Song
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: This paper examines the relationship between low interests maintained by advanced economy central banks and credit booms in emerging economies. In a model with crossborder banking, low funding rates increase credit supply, but the initial shock is ampliﬁed through the “risk-taking channel” of monetary policy where greater risk-taking interact with dampened measured risks that are driven by currency appreciation to create a feedback loop. In an empirical investigation using VAR analysis, we ﬁnd that expectations of lower short-term rates dampens measured risks and stimulate cross-border banking sector capital ﬂows.
Cosmic muon flux measurement and tunnel overburden structure imaging
Creators: name: Han, Ran
name: Yu, Qian
name: Li, Zhiwei
name: Li, Jingtai
name: Cheng, Yaping
name: Liao, Bin
name: Jiang, Lixiang
name: Ni, Sidao
name: Liu, Tianfang
name: Wang, Zheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a cosmic ray muon tomographic experiment for measuring the muon flux and imaging the tunnel overburden structures in Changshu, China. The device used in this study is a tracking detector based on the plastic scintillator with SiPM technology, which can be conveniently operated in field works. The compact system with sensitive area of $6400 cm^2$ can measure the angular distribution of cosmic muons. It's able to image the overburden density length from the surface of overburden to the detector along the muon tracks. The open sky muon flux measurement outside the tunnel has a good agreement with the modified Gassier Formula model. The distributions of muon flux at three positions inside the tunnel are very similar to that of open sky. Assuming the average density of overburden compact sandstone is $2.65 g/cm^3$, the overburden thickness can be obtained from the density length derived from the difference of muon flux inside and outside the tunnel. Moreover, for known penetrated lengths (i.e., topography of overburden), the density anomalies of the overburden can also been obtained. This study suggests a potential application for imaging and detecting subsurface structures in civil engineering, tunnels or caverns with the cosmic ray muon telescope.
The Craft Brewing Industry in Latin America
Creators: name: Toro-Gonzalez, Daniel
name: Toro-Gonzalez, Daniel
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Industrial Organization
subject: Brewing Industry
subject: Craft Beer
subject: Latin America
subject: Microbreweries

description: Latin America’s dynamic brewing industry has interesting growth potential for investors and consumers. Regional income growth and the shrinking gap in per capita consumption as compared to the rest of the world are driving rapid expansion in craft beer production.
Capital flows and the risk-taking channel of monetary policy
Creators: name: Bruno, Valentina
name: Shin, Hyun Song
Publisher: name: American University (Washington, D.C.)
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 3502
subject: Banking, finance and investment
classificationCode: 4407
subject: Policy and administration

description: This paper examines the relationship between low interests maintained by advanced economy central banks and credit booms in emerging economies. In a model with crossborder banking, low funding rates increase credit supply, but the initial shock is ampliﬁed through the “risk-taking channel” of monetary policy where greater risk-taking interact with dampened measured risks that are driven by currency appreciation to create a feedback loop. In an empirical investigation using VAR analysis, we ﬁnd that expectations of lower short-term rates dampens measured risks and stimulate cross-border banking sector capital ﬂows.
Cross-border banking and global liquidity
Creators: name: Bruno, Valentina
name: Shin, Hyun Song
Publisher: name: American University (Washington, D.C.)
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 3502
subject: Banking, finance and investment

description: We investigate global factors associated with bank capital ows. We formulate a model of the international banking system where global banks interact with local banks. The solution highlights the bank leverage cycle as the determinant of the transmission of nancial conditions across borders through banking sector capital ows. A distinctive prediction of the model is that local currency appreciation is associated with higher leverage of the banking sector, thereby providing a conceptual bridge between exchange rates and nancial stability. In a panel study of 46 countries, we nd support for the key predictions of our model.
Debugging Machine Learning Pipelines
Creators: name: Lourenço, Raoni
name: Freire, Juliana
name: Shasha, Dennis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Machine learning tasks entail the use of complex computational pipelines to reach quantitative and qualitative conclusions. If some of the activities in a pipeline produce erroneous or uninformative outputs, the pipeline may fail or produce incorrect results. Inferring the root cause of failures and unexpected behavior is challenging, usually requiring much human thought, and is both time-consuming and error-prone. We propose a new approach that makes use of iteration and provenance to automatically infer the root causes and derive succinct explanations of failures. Through a detailed experimental evaluation, we assess the cost, precision, and recall of our approach compared to the state of the art. Our source code and experimental data will be available for reproducibility and enhancement.
description: 10 pages
Emotions among students engaging in connectivist learning experiences
Creators: name: AlDahdouh, Alaa
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 130306 Educational Technology and Computing
subject: FOS: Educational sciences
subject: Developmental and Educational Psychology
subject: 170103 Educational Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: 130304 Educational Administration, Management and Leadership
subject: Education
subject: 139999 Education not elsewhere classified
subject: 130313 Teacher Education and Professional Development of Educators
subject: 130101 Continuing and Community Education
subject: 130103 Higher Education
subject: 130303 Education Assessment and Evaluation
subject: 130309 Learning Sciences
subject: 200401 Applied Linguistics and Educational Linguistics
subject: FOS: Languages and literature
subject: 130305 Educational Counselling

description: Emotion has long been a question of great interest in a wide range of fields. As a general rule, emotions are categorized as positive, which we seek, and negative, from which we turn away. However, empirically-backed connectivists claim that even negative emotions produce positive effects on student performance. What is less clear is how this process happens. This study had two primary aims. First, to assess the prevalence and distribution of emotions in connectivist environments. Second, to provide in-depth and experiment-based analysis that shows how and when negative emotions have their positive effect. Data for this study were mainly collected using an aided think-aloud protocol with nine participants, each of whom received ten tasks. Findings of the current study confirmed the dominance of negative emotions in connectivist learning environments and presented a model that could explain the variation of empirical results. Implications for researchers and teachers in distance education are discussed.
Outshining the quasars at reionisation: The X-ray spectrum and lightcurve of the redshift 6.29 Gamma-Ray Burst GRB050904
Creators: name: Watson, D.
name: Reeves, J. N.
name: Hjorth, J.
name: Fynbo, J. P. U.
name: Jakobsson, P.
name: Pedersen, K.
name: Sollerman, J.
name: Cerón, J. M. Castro
name: McBreen, S.
name: Foley, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gamma-ray burst (GRB) 050904 is the most distant X-ray source known, at z=6.295, comparable to the farthest AGN and galaxies. Its X-ray flux decays, but not as a power-law; it is dominated by large variability from a few minutes to at least half a day. The spectra soften from a power-law with photon index Gamma=1.2 to 1.9, and are well-fit by an absorbed power-law with possible evidence of large intrinsic absorption. There is no evidence for discrete features, in spite of the high signal-to-noise ratio. In the days after the burst, GRB 050904 was by far the brightest known X-ray source at z>4. In the first minutes after the burst, the flux was >10^{-9} erg cm^-2 s^-1 in the 0.2-10keV band, corresponding to an apparent luminosity >10^5 times larger than the brightest AGN at these distances. More photons were acquired in a few minutes with Swift-XRT than XMM-Newton and Chandra obtained in ~300 ks of pointed observations of z>5 AGN. This observation is a clear demonstration of concept for efficient X-ray studies of the high-z IGM with large area, high-resolution X-ray detectors, and shows that early-phase GRBs are the only backlighting bright enough for X-ray absorption studies of the IGM at high redshift.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJL. 5 pages with emulateapj, 3 figures
Can the Craft Beer Industry Tap into Collective Reputation?
Creators: name: Berning, Joshua
name: Costanigro, Marco
name: McCullough, Michael P.
name: Berning, Joshua
name: Costanigro, Marco
name: McCullough, Michael P.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Industrial Organization
subject: Beer
subject: Collective Reputation
subject: Quality Standards

description: Collective reputation arises when consumers interpret the distinctive name of a group of producers as a signal of quality. This article considers whether the craft beer industry can or should tap into the benefits of collective reputation.
title: Potential of Chromium Isotopes as a Tracer of Past Ocean Oxygenation
Creators: name: Bonnand, Pierre
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2011

description: Levels of atmospheric oxygen (O2) have increased from <2% of the present atmospheric level (PAL) to values similar to the PAL during the Neoproterozoic. This is likely to have resulted in significant changes in redox conditions in the oceans. The aim of this study is to provide new constraints on redox conditions in shallow seawater during the Neoproterozoic by analysis of the rare earth element (REE) concentration and chromium (Cr) isotopic composition of marine carbonates. To this end, a new method for δ53Cr analysis in low concentration samples has been developed. In addition, the Cr isotopic composition of modern and Phanerozoic carbonates, and seawater, have been determined to provide new constraints of the environmental behaviour of Cr isotopes.

 Modern seawater is characterised by heavy δ53Cr values (+0.55-1.55%) relative to the continental crust (-0.12%), which indicates that Cr isotopes are fractionated during oxidative weathering. Importantly, the Cr isotopic composition of modern carbonates, precipitated in shallow water, is within the range of seawater. This suggests that fractionation of Cr isotopes during carbonate precipitation is minimal, and carbonates should provide a record of seawater δ53Cr. Carbonate samples of Phanerozoic age also have high δ53Cr values (0.737-1.994%), consistent with oxidative weathering on the continents at this time.

 Most of the Neoproterozoic carbonates have significantly lower δ53Cr values than the modern and Phanerozoic carbonates. However, oolitic limestones deposited just prior to the first Cryogenian glaciations, have higher δ53Cr (+0.571-1.004%). Together, the δ53Cr and REE data suggest that the operation of the Cr cycle was significantly different in the Neoproterozoic. Changes in δ53Cr reflect either a shift in the relative importance of riverine and hydrothermal sources, and/or changes in levels of atmospheric O2 . Modelling indicates that shallow waters were either dysoxic or suboxic during the Cryogenian, and levels of atmospheric O2 must have been less than 30-40% PAL.
Anomalous Nematic States in High Half-Filled Landau Levels
Creators: name: Fu, X.
name: Shi, Q.
name: Zudov, M. A.
name: Gardner, G. C.
name: Watson, J. D.
name: Manfra, M. J.
name: Baldwin, K. W.
name: Pfeiffer, L. N.
name: West, K. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is well established that the ground states of a two-dimensional electron gas with half-filled high ($N \ge 2$) Landau levels are compressible charge-ordered states, known as quantum Hall stripe (QHS) phases. The generic features of QHSs are a maximum (minimum) in a longitudinal resistance $R_{xx}$ ($R_{yy}$) and a non-quantized Hall resistance $R_H$. Here, we report on emergent minima (maxima) in $R_{xx}$ ($R_{yy}$) and plateau-like features in $R_H$ in half-filled $N \ge 3$ Landau levels. Remarkably, these unexpected features develop at temperatures considerably lower than the onset temperature of QHSs, suggesting a new ground state.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
Cross-border banking and global liquidity
Creators: name: Bruno, Valentina
name: Shin, Hyun Song
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: We investigate global factors associated with bank capital ows. We formulate a model of the international banking system where global banks interact with local banks. The solution highlights the bank leverage cycle as the determinant of the transmission of nancial conditions across borders through banking sector capital ows. A distinctive prediction of the model is that local currency appreciation is associated with higher leverage of the banking sector, thereby providing a conceptual bridge between exchange rates and nancial stability. In a panel study of 46 countries, we nd support for the key predictions of our model.
Additional file 1 of Temporal prevalence and prognostic impact of diabetes mellitus and albuminuria in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction
Creators: name: Vranken, Nousjka P. A.
name: Li, Xinyu
name: Bouman, Heleen
name: Mourmans, Sanne G. J.
name: Achten, Anouk
name: Barandiarán Aizpurua, Arantxa
name: Brunner-La Rocca, Hans-Peter
name: Knackstedt, Christian
name: van Empel, Vanessa P. M.
name: Weerts, Jerremy
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: Medicine
Pharmacology
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Cancer
Hematology

description: Supplementary Material 1
General formula to design a freeform singlet free of spherical aberration and astigmatism : Comment
Creators: name: Valencia-Estrada, Juan Camilo
name: García-Márquez, Jorge
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In their article -Appl. Opt. 58, 1010_1015 (2019)- González-Acuña et al claimed:"an analytical closed-form formula for the design of freeform lenses free of spherical aberration and astigmatism." However, as we show here, their formula can only be applied when the object and image are both real and the image is inversed, additionally, the refractive index in the object and image media is the same. Here, we present the complete solution of this particular formula.
description: Comment with annexes and supplementary material. 15 pages, 2 annex and supplementary material. Short version reduced to 3 pages to be published in Applied Optics (2020). arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1811.03792 by other authors
Integrable families of hard-core particles with unequal masses in a one-dimensional harmonic trap
Creators: name: Harshman, Nathan
name: Olshanii, Maxim A.
name: Dehkharghani, A.S.
name: Volosniev, A.G.
name: Jackson, Steven Glenn
name: Zinner, N.T.
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: We show that the dynamics of particles in a one-dimensional harmonic trap with hard-core interactions can be solvable for certain arrangements of unequal masses. For any number of particles, there exist two familiesofunequalmassparticlesthat haveintegrabledynamics,andthereareadditionalexceptionalcases for three, four, and five particles. The integrable mass families are classified by Coxeter reflection groups and the corresponding solutions are Bethe-ansatz-like superpositions of hyperspherical harmonics in the relative hyperangular coordinates that are then restricted to sectors of fixed particle order. We also provide evidence for superintegrability of these Coxeter mass families and conjecture maximal superintegrability.
Quantum percolation in granular metals
Creators: name: Feigel'man, M. V.
name: Ioselevich, A. S.
name: Skvortsov, M. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Theory of quantum corrections to conductivity of granular metal films is developed for the realistic case of large randomly distributed tunnel conductances. Quantum fluctuations of intergrain voltages (at energies E much below bare charging energy scale E_C) suppress the mean conductance \bar{g}(E) much stronger than its standard deviation σ(E). At sufficiently low energies E_* any distribution becomes broad, with σ(E_*) ~ \bar{g}(E_*), leading to strong local fluctuations of the tunneling density of states. Percolative nature of metal-insulator transition is established by combination of analytic and numerical analysis of the matrix renormalization group equations.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures, REVTeX 4
Integrable families of hard-core particles with unequal masses in a one-dimensional harmonic trap
Creators: name: Harshman, Nathan
name: Olshanii, Maxim A.
name: Dehkharghani, A.S.
name: Volosniev, A.G.
name: Jackson, Steven Glenn
name: Zinner, N.T.
Publisher: name: American University (Washington, D.C.)
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 51
subject: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the dynamics of particles in a one-dimensional harmonic trap with hard-core interactions can be solvable for certain arrangements of unequal masses. For any number of particles, there exist two familiesofunequalmassparticlesthat haveintegrabledynamics,andthereareadditionalexceptionalcases for three, four, and five particles. The integrable mass families are classified by Coxeter reflection groups and the corresponding solutions are Bethe-ansatz-like superpositions of hyperspherical harmonics in the relative hyperangular coordinates that are then restricted to sectors of fixed particle order. We also provide evidence for superintegrability of these Coxeter mass families and conjecture maximal superintegrability.
Radio emission models of Colliding-Wind Binary Systems
Creators: name: Dougherty, S. M.
name: Pittard, J. M.
name: Kasian, L.
name: Coker, R. F.
name: Williams, P. M.
name: Lloyd, H. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present calculations of the spatial and spectral distribution of the radio emission from a wide WR+OB colliding-wind binary system based on high-resolution hydrodynamical simulations and solutions to the radiative transfer equation. We account for both thermal and synchrotron radio emission, free-free absorption in both the unshocked stellar wind envelopes and the shocked gas, synchrotron self-absorption, and the Razin effect. The applicability of these calculations to modelling radio images and spectra of colliding-wind systems is demonstrated with models of the radio emission from the wide WR+OB binary WR147. Its synchrotron spectrum follows a power-law between 5 and 15 GHz but turns down to below this at lower and higher frequencies. We find that while free-free opacity from the circum-binary stellar winds can potentially account for the low-frequency turnover, models that also include a combination of synchrotron self-absorption and Razin effect are favoured. We argue that the high-frequency turn down is a consequence of inverse-Compton cooling. We present our resulting spectra and intensity distributions, along with simulated MERLIN observations of these intensity distributions. From these we argue that the inclination of the WR147 system to the plane of the sky is low. We summarise by considering extensions of the current model that are important for models of the emission from closer colliding wind binaries, in particular the dramatically varying radio emission of WR140.
description: 18 pages, 18 figures; Accepted by Astronomy and Astrophysics, July 8, 2003
Zheng_AJP-Heart_Data Supplement.pdf
Creators: name: Machin, Daniel
name: Zheng, Xiangyu
name: Deacon, Christina
name: King, Abigail J
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Data Supplement for Microcirculatory and Glycocalyx Properties are Lowered by High Salt Diet but Augmented by Western Diet in Genetically Heterogeneous Mice
A modified version of Moran's /
Creators: name: Jackson, Monica
name: Huang, Lan
name: Xie, Qian
name: Tiwari, Ram C.
Publisher: name: American University (Washington, D.C.)
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 42
subject: Health sciences
subject: FOS: Health sciences
classificationCode: 4905
subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Description to be added
Additional file 1 of Comprehensive plasma metabolomics profiling develops diagnostic biomarkers of obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Creators: name: Cui, Hao
name: Wang, Yifan
name: Hua, Xiumeng
name: Han, Jing
name: Mo, Han
name: Liu, Shun
name: Wang, Hongmei
name: Huang, Siyuan
name: Zhao, Yiqi
name: Chen, Xiao
name: Zhao, Qian
name: Jia, Hao
name: Chang, Yuan
name: Song, Jiangping
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: Supplementary Material 1
title: Strategy adopted by research associations for success
Creators: name: Bennett, John
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2012

description: This thesis presents results of a study of the strategy adopted by UK research associations which led to success. The success of research associations, being not for profit organisations, was measured in terms of sustainable growth. Research associations were established as a result of a government initiative to improve the performance of sectors of British industry. Initially they were financed by way of membership subscriptions and a related government grant. With the decline in the size ofthe manufacturing sectors they served and the removal of government grant, research associations have had to make the transition from publicly supported co-operative research associations to independent privately financed research institutes. The identification of the strategy was based on the analysis of documentary archival, interview and questionnaire data. A case study approach was adopted. The research associations were selected and evaluated in pairs to reduce the effect of the external environment, including the influence of the sector the research associations served. Pilot interviews indicated the importance of governance as well as strategy to these organisations. The study therefore included consideration of research associations' governance. The data collected and analysed for case study research associations enabled both their strategy and governance to be classified using the theoretical models of Whittington (2001) and Cornforth (2003) respectively. The more successful research associations were found to have adopted an evolutionary perspective on strategy and a partnership model of organisational governance. Size contributed to success, with the larger research associations exhibiting superior sustainable growth.
A model of top-down gain control in the auditory system
Creators: name: Schneider, Bruce
name: Parker, Scott
name: Murphy, Dana
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: To evaluate a model of top-down gain control in the auditory system, 6 participants were asked to identify 1-kHz pure tones differing only in intensity. There were three 20-session conditions: (1) four soft tones (25, 30, 35, and 40 dB SPL) in the set; (2) those four soft tones plus a 50-dB SPL tone; and (3) the four soft tones plus an 80-dB SPL tone. The results were well described by a top-down, nonlinear gain-control system in which the amplifier’s gain depended on the highest intensity in the stimulus set. Individual participants’ identification judgments were generally compatible with an equal-variance signal-detection model in which the mean locations of the distribution of effects along the decision axis were determined by the operation of this nonlinear amplification system.