cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Berry Curvature and Quantum Metric in $N$-band systems -- an Eigenprojector Approach
Creators: name: Graf, Ansgar
name: Piéchon, Frédéric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The eigenvalues of a parameter-dependent Hamiltonian matrix form a band structure in parameter space. In such $N$-band systems, the quantum geometric tensor (QGT), consisting of the Berry curvature and quantum metric tensors, is usually computed from numerically obtained energy eigenstates. Here, an alternative approach to the QGT based on eigenprojectors and (generalized) Bloch vectors is exposed. It offers more analytical insight than the eigenstate approach. In particular, the full QGT of each band can be obtained without computing eigenstates, using only the Hamiltonian matrix and the respective band energy. Most saliently, the well-known two-band formula for the Berry curvature in terms of the Hamiltonian vector is generalized to arbitrary $N$. The formalism is illustrated using three- and four-band multifold fermion models that have very different geometrical and topological properties despite an identical band structure. From a broader perspective, the methodology used in this work can be applied to compute any physical quantity or to study the quantum dynamics of any observable without the explicit construction of energy eigenstates.
description: Published version. Very close to v2. An extended discussion of the multifold fermion models of v1 (Section 6) will appear elsewhere
Localisation in quasiperiodic chains: a theory based on convergence of local propagators
Creators: name: Duthie, Alexander
name: Roy, Sthitadhi
name: Logan, David E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quasiperiodic systems serve as fertile ground for studying localisation, due to their propensity already in one dimension to exhibit rich phase diagrams with mobility edges. The deterministic and strongly-correlated nature of the quasiperiodic potential nevertheless offers challenges distinct from disordered systems. Motivated by this, we present a theory of localisation in quasiperiodic chains with nearest-neighbour hoppings, based on the convergence of local propagators; exploiting the fact that the imaginary part of the associated self-energy acts as a probabilistic order parameter for localisation transitions and, importantly, admits a continued-fraction representation. Analysing the convergence of these continued fractions, localisation or its absence can be determined, yielding in turn the critical points and mobility edges. Interestingly, we find anomalous scalings of the order parameter with system size at the critical points, consistent with the fractal character of critical eigenstates. Self-consistent theories at high orders are also considered, shown to be conceptually connected to the theory based on continued fractions, and found in practice to converge to the same result. Results are exemplified by analysing the theory for three quasiperiodic models covering a range of behaviour.
description: 11 pages, 9 figures, version published in Phys. Rev. B, see also related article Phys. Rev. B 103 L060201 (2020)
Additional file 1 of Robust and highly efficient hiPSC generation from patient non-mobilized peripheral blood-derived CD34+ cells using the auto-erasable Sendai virus vector
Creators: name: Okumura, Takashi
name: Horie, Yumi
name: Lai, Chen-Yi
name: Lin, Huan-Ting
name: Shoda, Hirofumi
name: Bunki Natsumoto
name: Fujio, Keishi
name: Kumaki, Eri
name: Okano, Tsubasa
name: Ono, Shintaro
name: Tanita, Kay
name: Morio, Tomohiro
name: Kanegane, Hirokazu
name: Hasegawa, Hisanori
name: Fumitaka Mizoguchi
name: Kimito Kawahata
name: Kohsaka, Hitoshi
name: Moritake, Hiroshi
name: Nunoi, Hiroyuki
name: Waki, Hironori
name: Shin-Ichi Tamaru
name: Sasako, Takayoshi
name: Yamauchi, Toshimasa
name: Kadowaki, Takashi
name: Tanaka, Hiroyuki
name: Kitanaka, Sachiko
name: Nishimura, Ken
name: Ohtaka, Manami
name: Mahito Nakanishi
name: Otsu, Makoto
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Table S1. List of primers used in this study. (PDF 106 kb)
A time and space optimal stable population protocol solving exact majority
Creators: name: Doty, David
name: Eftekhari, Mahsa
name: Gąsieniec, Leszek
name: Severson, Eric
name: Stachowiak, Grzegorz
name: Uznański, Przemysław
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.1; F.2.2

description: We study population protocols, a model of distributed computing appropriate for modeling well-mixed chemical reaction networks and other physical systems where agents exchange information in pairwise interactions, but have no control over their schedule of interaction partners. The well-studied *majority* problem is that of determining in an initial population of $n$ agents, each with one of two opinions $A$ or $B$, whether there are more $A$, more $B$, or a tie. A *stable* protocol solves this problem with probability 1 by eventually entering a configuration in which all agents agree on a correct consensus decision of $\mathsf{A}$, $\mathsf{B}$, or $\mathsf{T}$, from which the consensus cannot change. We describe a protocol that solves this problem using $O(\log n)$ states ($\log \log n + O(1)$ bits of memory) and optimal expected time $O(\log n)$. The number of states $O(\log n)$ is known to be optimal for the class of polylogarithmic time stable protocols that are "output dominant" and "monotone". These are two natural constraints satisfied by our protocol, making it simultaneously time- and state-optimal for that class. We introduce a key technique called a "fixed resolution clock" to achieve partial synchronization. Our protocol is *nonuniform*: the transition function has the value $\left \lceil {\log n} \right \rceil$ encoded in it. We show that the protocol can be modified to be uniform, while increasing the state complexity to $Θ(\log n \log \log n)$.
description: Applied FOCS reviewers' comments
The origin of long-period X-ray pulsars
Creators: name: Ikhsanov, N. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Several relatively bright, persistent X-ray sources display regular pulses, with periods in the range of 700-10000 s. These sources are identified with massive close binaries in which a neutron star accretes material onto its surface. The observed pulsations in all of them, but one, are unambiguously associated with the spin period of the neutron star. Analyzing possible history of these pulsars I conclude that the neutron stars in these systems undergo spherical accretion and their evolutionary tracks in a previous epoch contained three instead of two states, namely, ejector, supersonic propeller, and subsonic propeller. An assumption about a supercritical value of the initial magnetic field of the neutron stars within this scenario is not necessary. Furthermore, I show that the scenario in which the neutron star in 2S 0114+650 is assumed to be a magnetar descendant encounters major difficulties in explaining the evolution of the massive companion. An alternative interpretation of the spin evolution of the neutron star in this system is presented and the problem raised by association of the 10000 s pulsations with the spin period of the neutron star is briefly discussed.
description: 7 pages, 2 tables, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Coupled Quintessence and CMB
Creators: name: Lee, Seokcheon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revise the stability of the tracking solutions and briefly review the potentials of quintessence models. We discuss the evolution of linear perturbations for $V(ϕ) = V_{0} \exp(λϕ^2/2)$ potential in which the scalar field is non-minimally coupled to cold dark matter. We consider the effects of this coupling on both cosmic microwave background temperature anisotropies and matter perturbations. We find that the phenomenology of this model is consistent with current observations up to the coupling power $n_{c} \leq 0.01$ while adopting the current parameters measured by WMAP, $Ω_ϕ^{(0)}=0.76$, $Ω_{cdm}^{(0)}=0.191$, $Ω_{b}^{(0)}=0.049$, and $h=0.70$. Upcoming cosmic microwave background observations continuing to focus on resolving the higher peaks may put strong constraints on the strength of the coupling.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures, the ICGA7 conference proceedings published by World Scientific
Additional file 2 of Robust and highly efficient hiPSC generation from patient non-mobilized peripheral blood-derived CD34+ cells using the auto-erasable Sendai virus vector
Creators: name: Okumura, Takashi
name: Horie, Yumi
name: Lai, Chen-Yi
name: Lin, Huan-Ting
name: Shoda, Hirofumi
name: Bunki Natsumoto
name: Fujio, Keishi
name: Kumaki, Eri
name: Okano, Tsubasa
name: Ono, Shintaro
name: Tanita, Kay
name: Morio, Tomohiro
name: Kanegane, Hirokazu
name: Hasegawa, Hisanori
name: Fumitaka Mizoguchi
name: Kimito Kawahata
name: Kohsaka, Hitoshi
name: Moritake, Hiroshi
name: Nunoi, Hiroyuki
name: Waki, Hironori
name: Shin-Ichi Tamaru
name: Sasako, Takayoshi
name: Yamauchi, Toshimasa
name: Kadowaki, Takashi
name: Tanaka, Hiroyuki
name: Kitanaka, Sachiko
name: Nishimura, Ken
name: Ohtaka, Manami
name: Mahito Nakanishi
name: Otsu, Makoto
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Supplemental methods. (PDF 76 kb)
Additional file 1 of Perceived environmental barriers and facilitators of refugee children’s physical activity in/around refugee accommodation: a qualitative case study in Berlin
Creators: name: Chen, Siqi
name: Knöll, Martin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 1. Questionnaire for parents of their children’s daily playing (English version)*.
The Three Gap Theorem (Steinhauss Conjecture)
Creators: name: Mayero, Micaela
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We deal with the distribution of N points placed consecutively around the circle by a fixed angle of a. From the proof of Tony van Ravenstein, we propose a detailed proof of the Steinhaus conjecture whose result is the following: the N points partition the circle into gaps of at most three different lengths. We study the mathematical notions required for the proof of this theorem revealed during a formal proof carried out in Coq.
Provable Super-Convergence with a Large Cyclical Learning Rate
Creators: name: Oymak, Samet
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Conventional wisdom dictates that learning rate should be in the stable regime so that gradient-based algorithms don't blow up. This letter introduces a simple scenario where an unstably large learning rate scheme leads to a super fast convergence, with the convergence rate depending only logarithmically on the condition number of the problem. Our scheme uses a Cyclical Learning Rate (CLR) where we periodically take one large unstable step and several small stable steps to compensate for the instability. These findings also help explain the empirical observations of [Smith and Topin, 2019] where they show that CLR with a large maximum learning rate can dramatically accelerate learning and lead to so-called "super-convergence". We prove that our scheme excels in the problems where Hessian exhibits a bimodal spectrum and the eigenvalues can be grouped into two clusters (small and large). The unstably large step is the key to enabling fast convergence over the small eigen-spectrum.
Έκφραση και υποκυτταρική εντόπιση της πρωτεϊνικής κινάσης SRPK1 στο πολύμορφο γλοιοβλάστωμα
Creators: name: Σιγάλα, Ιωάννα-Αγγελική Μιχαήλ
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2013
Subjects: SRPK1 (SR κινάση πρωτεϊνών 1)
πολύμορφο γλοιοβλάστωμα
υποκυτταρική εντόπιση
SRPK1 (Serine Arginine Protein Kinases)
glioblastoma multiforme
subcellural localization

description: Οι κινάσες πρωτεϊνών σερίνης-αργινίνης φωσφορυλιώνουν τα υποστρώματά τους εξειδικευμένα σε επαναλαμβανόμενες ακολουθίες RS διπεπτιδίων. Η SRPK1 παίζει σημαντικό ρόλο σε κυτταρικές λειτουργίες όπως το μάτισμα των mRNA, η πρόσδεση της ετεροχρωματίνης στον πυρηνικό φάκελο, η μεταφορά πρωτεϊνών στον πυρήνα και η αντικατάσταση των ιστονών από την πρωταμίνη 1 κατά τη διάρκεια της σπερμιογένεσης. Στην παρούσα εργασία μελετήθηκε η έκφραση και η υποκυτταρική εντόπιση της πρωτεϊνικής κινάσης SRPK1 σε μια επιθετική μορφή καρκίνου, το πολύμορφο γλοιοβλάστωμα. Το πολύμορφο γλοιοβλάστωμα είναι ο πιο συνηθισμένος και επιθετικός κακοήθης καρκίνος των πρωτογενών όγκων του εγκεφάλου στους ενήλικες. Η έκφραση της SRPK1 μελετήθηκε σε τέσσερις ανθρώπινες καρκινικές κυτταρικές σειρές του πολύμορφου γλοιοβλαστώματος: τα U87, τα U251, τα D54 και τα T98 κύτταρα. Η μελέτη τόσο σε βιοψίες του πολύμορφου γλοιοβλαστώματος όσο και στις καλλιέργειες των γλοιωματικών κυττάρων έδειξε ότι η SRPK1 εκφράζεται στα κύτταρα αυτά σε αντίθεση με τα νευρογλοιακά στο φυσιολογικό ανθρώπινο εγκέφαλο. Η μελέτη για την υποκυτταρική εντόπιση της κινάσης έδειξε παρουσία της κινάσης σε όλο το κύτταρο. Ένα μεγάλο κλάσμα της κινάσης εντοπίζεται στον πυρήνα σε όλες της κυτταρικές σειρές. Στα D54 κύτταρα, σε μεγάλη πληρότητα, η εντόπιση της κινάσης ήταν κυτταροπλασματική.
description: Serine/arginine protein kinases phosphorylate their substrates specifically in repeated RS dipeptides. SRPK1 has been implicated in a variety of cellular processes, such as alternative splicing of mRNA, hetechromatin association with the nuclear envelope, protein transport into the nucleus and replacement of histones by protamine 1 during spermiogenesis. In the present study the expression and subcellular localization of protein kinase SRPK1 was examined in an aggressive form of cancer, glioblastoma multiforme. Glioblastoma multiforme is the most common and aggressive primary brain tumor in adults. The expression of SRPK1 was studied in four human cancer cell lines derived from glioblastoma multiforme: U87, U251, D54 and T98 cells. SRPK1 is highly expressed both in biopsies of glioblastoma multiforme patients and cultures of glioma cells, in contrast to the neuroglial cells in normal human brain. Studies on the subcellular localization of the kinase showed that SRPK1 is present in the entire cell. A large fraction of the kinase located in the nucleus in all cell lines. Interestingly, in D54 cells grown to high confluence, the localization of kinase was mainly cytoplasmic.
"Putting Hercules into a pinte-pot : seventeenth-century constructions of literary reputation
Creators: name: Woolway, Joanne
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This thesis considers how the construction of literary reputation varies, through different editions of seventeenth-century biographies, in relation to events in political and church history during this period. The main focus is on Isaak Walton's textual changes in "lives" of John Donne, Henry Wotton, Richard Hooker, George Herbert, and Robert Sanderson, although consideration is given to other biographers, elegists and historians who were writing on similar subjects. An analysis of the role of literary executors in determining how a literary figure is seen by posterity - throug their presentation of death, friendships and writings - then leads to speculation as to the implications of such actions with regard to authorial self-presentation, intentionality, and interpretation of an author's work after his death.
Additional file 3 of Robust and highly efficient hiPSC generation from patient non-mobilized peripheral blood-derived CD34+ cells using the auto-erasable Sendai virus vector
Creators: name: Okumura, Takashi
name: Horie, Yumi
name: Lai, Chen-Yi
name: Lin, Huan-Ting
name: Shoda, Hirofumi
name: Bunki Natsumoto
name: Fujio, Keishi
name: Kumaki, Eri
name: Okano, Tsubasa
name: Ono, Shintaro
name: Tanita, Kay
name: Morio, Tomohiro
name: Kanegane, Hirokazu
name: Hasegawa, Hisanori
name: Fumitaka Mizoguchi
name: Kimito Kawahata
name: Kohsaka, Hitoshi
name: Moritake, Hiroshi
name: Nunoi, Hiroyuki
name: Waki, Hironori
name: Shin-Ichi Tamaru
name: Sasako, Takayoshi
name: Yamauchi, Toshimasa
name: Kadowaki, Takashi
name: Tanaka, Hiroyuki
name: Kitanaka, Sachiko
name: Nishimura, Ken
name: Ohtaka, Manami
name: Mahito Nakanishi
name: Otsu, Makoto
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Figure S1. Correlation between �34+ cells of the source sample and the reprogramming (colony formation) efficiency. (PDF 78 kb)
Geometric Response and Disclination-Induced Skin Effects in Non-Hermitian Systems
Creators: name: Sun, Xiao-Qi
name: Zhu, Penghao
name: Hughes, Taylor L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the geometric response of three-dimensional non-Hermitian crystalline systems with nontrivial point-gap topology. For systems with fourfold rotation symmetry, we show that in the presence of disclination lines with a total Frank angle which is an integer multiple of $2π$, there can be nontrivial one-dimensional point-gap topology along the direction of the disclination lines. This results in disclination-induced non-Hermitian skin effects. By doubling a non-Hermitian Hamiltonian to a Hermitian three-dimensional chiral topological insulator, we show that the disclination-induced skin modes are zero modes of the effective surface Dirac fermion(s) in the presence of a pseudomagnetic flux induced by disclinations. Furthermore, we find that our results have a field theoretic description, and the corresponding geometric response actions (e.g., the Euclidean Wen-Zee action) enrich the topological field theory of non-Hermitian systems.
description: 10 pages including the Supplemental Material; close to the published version
A generalized Schroedinger equation for loop quantum cosmology
Creators: name: Salisbury, D. C.
name: Schmitz, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A temporally discrete Schroedinger time evolution equation is proposed for isotropic quantum cosmology coupled to a massless scalar source. The approach employs dynamically determined intrinsic time and produces the correct semiclassical limit.
description: 5 pages, to appear in the Proceedings of the Eleventh Marcel Grossmann Meeting
Additional file 4 of Robust and highly efficient hiPSC generation from patient non-mobilized peripheral blood-derived CD34+ cells using the auto-erasable Sendai virus vector
Creators: name: Okumura, Takashi
name: Horie, Yumi
name: Lai, Chen-Yi
name: Lin, Huan-Ting
name: Shoda, Hirofumi
name: Bunki Natsumoto
name: Fujio, Keishi
name: Kumaki, Eri
name: Okano, Tsubasa
name: Ono, Shintaro
name: Tanita, Kay
name: Morio, Tomohiro
name: Kanegane, Hirokazu
name: Hasegawa, Hisanori
name: Fumitaka Mizoguchi
name: Kimito Kawahata
name: Kohsaka, Hitoshi
name: Moritake, Hiroshi
name: Nunoi, Hiroyuki
name: Waki, Hironori
name: Shin-Ichi Tamaru
name: Sasako, Takayoshi
name: Yamauchi, Toshimasa
name: Kadowaki, Takashi
name: Tanaka, Hiroyuki
name: Kitanaka, Sachiko
name: Nishimura, Ken
name: Ohtaka, Manami
name: Mahito Nakanishi
name: Otsu, Makoto
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Figure S2. Flow cytometry analysis of the marker expression in established iPSC clones. (PDF 46 kb)
A note on approximate accelerated forward-backward methods with absolute and relative errors, and possibly strongly convex objectives
Creators: name: Barré, Mathieu
name: Taylor, Adrien
name: Bach, Francis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this short note, we provide a simple version of an accelerated forward-backward method (a.k.a. Nesterov's accelerated proximal gradient method) possibly relying on approximate proximal operators and allowing to exploit strong convexity of the objective function. The method supports both relative and absolute errors, and its behavior is illustrated on a set of standard numerical experiments. Using the same developments, we further provide a version of the accelerated proximal hybrid extragradient method of Monteiro and Svaiter (2013) possibly exploiting strong convexity of the objective function.
description: Published in Open Journal on Mathematical Optimization (https://ojmo.centre-mersenne.org/item/10.5802/ojmo.12.pdf). Code available at https://github.com/mathbarre/StronglyConvexForwardBackward
Additional file 5 of Robust and highly efficient hiPSC generation from patient non-mobilized peripheral blood-derived CD34+ cells using the auto-erasable Sendai virus vector
Creators: name: Okumura, Takashi
name: Horie, Yumi
name: Lai, Chen-Yi
name: Lin, Huan-Ting
name: Shoda, Hirofumi
name: Bunki Natsumoto
name: Fujio, Keishi
name: Kumaki, Eri
name: Okano, Tsubasa
name: Ono, Shintaro
name: Tanita, Kay
name: Morio, Tomohiro
name: Kanegane, Hirokazu
name: Hasegawa, Hisanori
name: Fumitaka Mizoguchi
name: Kimito Kawahata
name: Kohsaka, Hitoshi
name: Moritake, Hiroshi
name: Nunoi, Hiroyuki
name: Waki, Hironori
name: Shin-Ichi Tamaru
name: Sasako, Takayoshi
name: Yamauchi, Toshimasa
name: Kadowaki, Takashi
name: Tanaka, Hiroyuki
name: Kitanaka, Sachiko
name: Nishimura, Ken
name: Ohtaka, Manami
name: Mahito Nakanishi
name: Otsu, Makoto
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Figure S3. Flow cytometry analysis of the marker expression in the TkPP2 cells after induction of lineage-oriented differentiation. (PDF 86 kb)
Very Large Spectroscopic Surveys with the VLT
Creators: name: Parry, Ian R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, it has been recognised that very large spectroscopic surveys (several million spectra) are required to advance our understanding of Dark Energy (via baryonic wiggles) and the detailed history of our Local Group of galaxies (via Galactic Archeology or near-field cosmology). In this paper I make a preliminary exploration of how this might be done by putting a wide field, optical, prime-focus fibre-fed spectroscopic facility on one of the VLT's UTs.
description: 6 pages. To be published in the proceedings "Science with the VLT in the ELT era"
Regional antioxidant status in the gastrointestinal tract and the possible role of reactive oxygen-derived substances in peptic ulcer disease
Creators: name: Moghadasian, Mohammed H.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: 1. Enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant profiles in the various segments of the gastrointestinal tract of male and female rats have been investigated and found to exhibit significant differences (P<0.05). In both sexes, the levels of basal glutathione in the gastric and colonic mucosa are comparable, but lower than those in the proximal and distal segments of the small intestine. The activities of glutathione reductase in various portions of gastrointestinal tract were similar. Glutathione peroxidase showed higher activity in the gastric mucosa than that in other parts of the gastrointestinal tract. No significant differences were found in the activity of superoxide dismutase among the various segments examined. 2. Enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant profiles in the gastric and duodenal mucosa of rabbit, quail, cat, pig and rat have been investigated and found to exhibit significant differences (P<0.05). The levels of basal glutathione were highest in the rat gastric and duodenal mucosa when compared with those in other species. In the duodenal mucosa of all species investigated, the activity of glutathione reductase was higher than that in the corresponding gastric mucosa. The activity of glutathione peroxidase was higher in the gastric mucosa than that in other species examined. Superoxide dismutase showed higher activity in quail duodenal mucosa than in any of the other species studied. 3. The effects of 8% and undiluted ethanol administered by gavage on lesion formation and antioxidant components of the gastric and duodenal mucosa of male and female rats have been examined. Undiluted ethanol produced macroscopic lesions in the body of the stomach in association with decreases in the activity of glutathione reductase and in the level of basal glutathione and an increase in the activity of glutathione peroxidase. Eight percent ethanol produced a small but significant increase (12%) in the level of basal glutathione in rat gastric mucosa when compared with controls. 4. The effects of chronic intermittent stress on the appearance and antioxidant components of the gastric and duodenal mucosa of rats have been examined. No differences in the antioxidant profiles or evidence of macroscopic lesion formation were found.
Απόψεις του Δημητρίου Καταρτζή (1730-1807) για την αγωγή και τη γλώσσα: η εποχή, οι επιδράσεις και η διάχυση των ιδεών του
Creators: name: Βρακοπούλου, Ολυμπία Αθανασίου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2013
Subjects: Εκπαίδευση
Διαφωτισμός
Γλώσσα
Education
Enlightenment
Language

description: Η εργασία έχει σκοπό να παρουσιάσει, να αναδείξει και να μεθοδεύσει τις απόψεις του Δημήτριου Καταρτζή (1730-1807) σχετικά με το θέμα της αγωγής και της εκπαίδευσης των παιδιών στη Βλαχία και στον ελληνισμό γενικότερα, όπως αυτές αρθρώθηκαν στο έργο του, και τη γλωσσική του θεωρία σε συνάρτηση με το θέμα της αγωγής. Το πλαίσιο είναι πολύ σημαντικό: παρουσιάζονται ο Διαφωτισμός, η «Εγκυκλοπαιδεία», η εκπαίδευση αλλά και οι ιδιαίτερες συνθήκες που επικρατούσαν κατά το 17ο και το 18ο αιώνα στην περιοχή των Παριστρίων Ηγεμονιών
description: The aim of the present thesis is to present, to designate and catergorize the Dimitrios Katartzis’ (1730-1807) opinions about the children education in Wallachia and in Greek commonwealth in general, as they presented in his writings and his language theory in relevance to his pedagogical ideas. The historical background is very important too: the thesis presents the concept of Enlightenment, the French Encyclopedia, the education and, at the same time, clarifies the special historical and political circumstances in Wallachia and in Southeast Europe during the 17th and 18th century.
A Critique of Holographic Dark Energy
Creators: name: Colgáin, Eoin Ó
name: Sheikh-Jabbari, M. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Observations restrict the parameter space of Holographic Dark Energy (HDE) so that a turning point in the Hubble parameter $H(z)$ is inevitable. Concretely, cosmic microwave background (CMB), baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO) and Type Ia supernovae (SNE) data put the turning point in the future, but removing SNE results in an observational turning point at positive redshift. From the perspective of theory, not only does the turning point violate the Null Energy Condition (NEC), but as we argue, it may be interpreted as an evolution of the Hubble constant $H_0$ with redshift, which is at odds with the very FLRW framework within which data has been analysed. Tellingly, neither of these are problems for the flat $Λ$CDM model, and a direct comparison of fits further disfavours HDE relative to flat $Λ$CDM.
description: 12 pages, 3 figures; v2 typos corrected, references added; v3 wording improved to make the paper easier to digest; v4 published version
Lattice QCD Equation of State for Nonvanishing Chemical Potential by Resumming Taylor Expansion
Creators: name: Mondal, Sourav
name: Mukherjee, Swagato
name: Hegde, Prasad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Taylor expansion in powers of baryon chemical potential ($μ_B$) is an oft-used method in lattice QCD to compute QCD thermodynamics for $μ_B>0$. Based only upon the few known lowest order Taylor coefficients, it is difficult to discern the range of $μ_B$ where such an expansion around $μ_B=0$ can be trusted. We introduce a resummation scheme for the Taylor expansion of the QCD equation of state in $μ_B$ that is based on the $n$-point correlation functions of the conserved current ($D_n$). The method resums the contributions of the first $N$ correlation function $D_1,\dots,D_N$ to the Taylor expansion of the QCD partition function to all orders in $μ_B$. We show that the resummed partition function is an approximation to the reweighted partition function at $μ_B\ne0$. We apply the proposed approach to high-statistics lattice QCD calculations using 2+1 flavors of Highly Improved Staggered Quarks with physical quark masses on $32^3\times8$ lattices and for temperatures $T\approx145$-176 MeV. We demonstrate that, as opposed to the Taylor expansion, the resummed version not only leads to improved convergence but also reflects the zeros of the resummed partition function and severity of the sign problem, leading to its eventual breakdown. We also provide a generalization of our scheme to include resummation of powers of temperature and quark masses in addition to $μ_B$, and show that the alternative expansion scheme of [S. Borsányi et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 232001 (2021).] is a special case of this generalized resummation.
description: Resubmitted to match with the journal version of the paper
Cosmology and Astrophysical Constraints of Gauss-Bonnet Dark Energy
Creators: name: Koivisto, Tomi
name: Mota, David F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cosmological consequences of a string-motivated dark energy scenario featuring a scalar field coupled to the Gauss-Bonnet invariant are investigated. We study the evolution of the universe in such a model, identifying its key properties. The evolution of the homogeneous background and cosmological perturbations, both at large and small scales, are calculated. The impact of the coupling on galaxy distributions and the cosmic microwave background is examined. We find the coupling provides a mechanism to viably onset the late acceleration, to alleviate the coincidence problem, and furthermore to effectively cross the phantom divide at the present while avoiding a Big Rip in the future. We show the model could explain the present cosmological observations, and discuss how various astrophysical and cosmological data, from the Solar system, supernovae Ia, cosmic microwave background radiation and large scale structure constrain it.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures. References added. Accepted for publication in Phys. Lett. B
Following excited-state chemical shifts in molecular ultrafast x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
Creators: name: Mayer, Dennis
name: Lever, Fabiano
name: Picconi, David
name: Metje, Jan
name: Alisauskas, Skirmantas
name: Calegari, Francesca
name: Düsterer, Stefan
name: Ehlert, Christopher
name: Feifel, Raimund
name: Niebuhr, Mario
name: Manschwetus, Bastian
name: Kuhlmann, Marion
name: Mazza, Tommaso
name: Robinson, Matthew S.
name: Squibb, Richard J.
name: Trabattoni, Andrea
name: Wallner, Mans
name: Saalfrank, Peter
name: Wolf, Thomas J. A.
name: Gühr, Markus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The conversion of photon energy into other energetic forms in molecules is accompanied by charge moving on ultrafast timescales. We directly observe the charge motion at a specific site in an electronically excited molecule using time-resolved x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (TR-XPS). We extend the concept of static chemical shift from conventional XPS by the excited-state chemical shift (ESCS), which is connected to the charge in the framework of a potential model. This allows us to invert TR-XPS spectra to the dynamic charge at a specific atom. We demonstrate the power of TR-XPS by using sulphur 2p-core-electron-emission probing to study the UV-excited dynamics of 2-thiouracil. The new method allows us to discover that a major part of the population relaxes to the molecular ground state within 220-250 fs. In addition, a 250-fs oscillation, visible in the kinetic energy of the TR-XPS, reveals a coherent exchange of population among electronic states.
Soils with Spodic Characteristics on the Eastern Shore of Maryland
Creators: name: Condron, Margaret Anne
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 1990

description: A seasonally fluctuating water table may be an important
 factor in the formation of spodic horizons in sandy,
 quartzose sediments on the Lower Eastern Shore of
 Maryland. This study was conducted to examine spodic
 horizon formation and expression along two topohydrosequences.
 After a reconnaissance study, two
 research sites were chosen in the Pocomoke State Forest in
 Worcester County, Maryland.
 The soils were classified according to Soil Taxonomy as
 siliceous, mesic, Typic Quartzipsamments, Aquic
 Haplorthods, and Aerie and Typic Haplaquods. The spodic
 horizons were thickest (26-204cm) in the wettest
 positions. Total organic carbon, pyrophosphateextractable
 carbon, and extractable aluminum were greatest
 in the spodic horizons, and there was little extractable
 iron in the Haplaquods. There was less structural
 aluminum and potassium in the surface horizons than in the
 lower horizons. This suggests that feldspar weathering in
 the surface horizons provides a source of aluminum for the
 spodic horizon formation. Quantitative estimates of
 pedogenesis showed net gains of extractable aluminum,
 total (organic) carbon, and pyrophosphate carbon in the
 lower landscape positions. The seasonally fluctuating
 water table appears to influence the movement of soluble
 organic aluminum complexes through the soil downslope, as
 well as within the pedon from the surface to subjacent
 horizons.
Additional file 6 of Robust and highly efficient hiPSC generation from patient non-mobilized peripheral blood-derived CD34+ cells using the auto-erasable Sendai virus vector
Creators: name: Okumura, Takashi
name: Horie, Yumi
name: Lai, Chen-Yi
name: Lin, Huan-Ting
name: Shoda, Hirofumi
name: Bunki Natsumoto
name: Fujio, Keishi
name: Kumaki, Eri
name: Okano, Tsubasa
name: Ono, Shintaro
name: Tanita, Kay
name: Morio, Tomohiro
name: Kanegane, Hirokazu
name: Hasegawa, Hisanori
name: Fumitaka Mizoguchi
name: Kimito Kawahata
name: Kohsaka, Hitoshi
name: Moritake, Hiroshi
name: Nunoi, Hiroyuki
name: Waki, Hironori
name: Shin-Ichi Tamaru
name: Sasako, Takayoshi
name: Yamauchi, Toshimasa
name: Kadowaki, Takashi
name: Tanaka, Hiroyuki
name: Kitanaka, Sachiko
name: Nishimura, Ken
name: Ohtaka, Manami
name: Mahito Nakanishi
name: Otsu, Makoto
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Figure S4. Comparison of CytoTune®-iPS2.0 with SeVdp(KOSM)-302L in the same hiPSC generation protocol. (PDF 87 kb)
${\tt bajes}$: Bayesian inference of multimessenger astrophysical data, methods and application to gravitational-waves
Creators: name: Breschi, Matteo
name: Gamba, Rossella
name: Bernuzzi, Sebastiano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present ${\tt bajes}$, a parallel and lightweight framework for Bayesian inference of multimessenger transients. ${\tt bajes}$ is a Python modular package with minimal dependencies on external libraries adaptable to the majority of the Bayesian models and to various sampling methods. We describe the general workflow and the parameter estimation pipeline for compact-binary-coalescence gravitational-wave transients. The latter is validated against injections of binary black hole and binary neutron star waveforms, including confidence interval tests that demonstrates the inference is well-calibrated. Binary neutron star postmerger injections are also studied using a network of five detectors made of LIGO, Virgo, KAGRA and Einstein Telescope. Postmerger signals will be detectable for sources at ${\lesssim}80\,$Mpc, with Einstein Telescope contributing over 90\% of the total signal-to-noise ratio. As a full scale application, we re-analyze the GWTC-1 black hole transients using the effective-one-body ${\tt TEOBResumS}$ approximant, and reproduce selected results with other approximants. ${\tt bajes}$ inferences are consistent with previous results; the direct comparison of ${\tt bajes}$ and ${\tt bilby}$ analyses of GW150914 shows a maximum Jensen-Shannon divergence of $5.2{\times}10^{-4}$. GW170817 is re-analyzed using ${\tt TaylorF2}$ with 5.5PN point-mass and 7.5PN tides, ${\tt TEOBResumSPA}$, and ${\tt IMRPhenomPv2\_NRTidal}$ with different cutoff-frequencies of $1024\,$Hz and $2048\,$Hz. We find that the former choice minimizes systematics on the reduced tidal parameter, while a larger amount of tidal information is gained with the latter choice. ${\tt bajes}$ can perform these analyses in about 1~day using 128 CPUs.
How potentials in different gauges yield the same retarded electric and magnetic fields
Creators: name: Heras, Jose A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper presents a simple and systematic method to show how the potentials in the Lorentz, Coulomb, Kirchhoff, velocity and temporal gauges yield the same retarded electric and magnetic fields. The method appropriately uses the dynamical equations for the scalar and vector potentials to obtain two wave equations, whose retarded solutions lead to the electric and magnetic fields. The advantage of this method is that it does not use explicit expressions for the potentials in the above gauges, which are generally simple to obtain for the scalar potential but generally difficult to calculate for the vector potential. The spurious character of the term generated by the scalar potential in the Coulomb, Kirchhoff and velocity gauges is noted. The non spurious character of the term generated by the scalar potential in the Lorenz gauge is emphasized.
Thermal properties of structurally balanced systems on diluted and densified triangulations
Creators: name: Wołoszyn, Maciej
name: Malarz, Krzysztof
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dynamics of social relations and the possibility of reaching the state of structural balance (Heider balance) are discussed for various networks of interacting actors under the influence of the temperature modeling the social noise level. For that purpose, two main types of lattices are considered. The first is created by removing some links from a regular triangular lattice to produce a diluted triangular lattice, and the second by adding more links to create an enhanced triangular lattice. In both those cases, the full range of possible graph densities is discussed, limited by the extreme cases of networks which consist of a small number of separated triads and fully connected networks. It is shown that the existence of the balanced state is not possible if the average node degree is too close to the value characterizing the regular triangular lattice. Otherwise, both balanced (or partially balanced) and imbalanced states are possible, depending on the temperature. However, only for graphs which are dense enough a phase transition of the first kind is observed, while less enhanced networks (and all diluted) indicate a smooth cross-over between the two states. The cross-over temperatures are size-independent only for the diluted triangular lattices and depend on the size of the system for the enhanced triangular lattices, as is the case also for the critical temperatures of the phase transition observed in denser enhanced lattices.
description: 12 pages, 10 figures, RevTeX
Η Τυπολογία της αυλής των ιδιωτικών σπιτιών από την Όψιμη Αρχαιότητα (300 μ.Χ) ως το Μεσαίωνα στην περιοχή του Ανατολικού Ιλλυρικού:
Creators: name: Σκούρα, Ειρήνη Ζαχαρία
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2013
Subjects: αρχιτεκτονική
αυλή
οικία
architecture
court
private house

description: Χρησιμοποιώντας ένα δείγμα τριανταπέντε οικιών, η εργασία αυτή εστιάζει στην παρουσίαση και κατανόηση της αυλής ως μεμονωμένο αρχιτεκτονικό χαρακτηριστικό αλλά και ως μέρος ενός αρχιτεκτονικού συνόλου. Μελετώντας περιπτώσεις εντός και εκτός του ελλαδικού χώρου παρατηρούμε μεγαλύτερη συγκέντρωση του δείγματος στην Αθήνα και τη Θεσσαλονίκη, ενώ πολύ σημαντικά παραδείγματα απαντώνται και στους Φιλίππους και τους Στόβους. Η σημασία της αυλής τονίζεται τόσο από το μεγεθός της όσο και από τη θέση που καταλαμβάνει στο οικιστικό σύνολο. Συχνά, υπάρχουν παραπάνω από μία σε ένα κτιριακό συγκρότημα είτε με τη μορφή βοηθητικής είτε επίσημης αυλής αλλάζοντας, ενδεχομένως, τη χρήση της οικίας από ιδιωτική σε δημόσια. Τέλος, παρατηρείται η πορεία των οικιών στο χρόνο μέχρι την καταστροφή ή τη διαίρεσή τους.
description: Using a sample of thirty-five houses, the present paper focuses on presenting and understanding the court both as a distinct architectural characteristic and a part of an architectural ensemble. Upon studying houses from both within and outside the Greek (Helladic) territory, a higher sample concentration was noted in the areas of Athens and Thessaloniki; furthermore, some rather important examples are encountered in the areas of Filippoi and Stobi as well. The importance of the court is highlighted by both its size and place within the residential complex. Quite frequently, more than one courts are encountered within a building complex, used either as secondary or formal courts, a fact that possibly defined the public or private use of the building. Lastly, the evolution of houses through time is also noted, until either their destruction of division.
The Fermi constant from muon decay versus electroweak fits and CKM unitarity
Creators: name: Crivellin, Andreas
name: Hoferichter, Martin
name: Manzari, Claudio Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Fermi constant ($G_F$) is extremely well measured through the muon lifetime, defining one of the key fundamental parameters in the Standard Model (SM). Therefore, to search for physics beyond the SM (BSM) via $G_F$, the constraining power is determined by the precision of the second-best independent determination of $G_F$. The best alternative extractions of $G_F$ proceed either via the global electroweak (EW) fit or from superallowed $β$ decays in combination with the Cabibbo angle measured in kaon, $τ$, or $D$ decays. Both variants display some tension with $G_F$ from muon decay, albeit in opposite directions, reflecting the known tensions within the EW fit and hints for the apparent violation of CKM unitarity, respectively. We investigate how BSM physics could bring the three determinations of $G_F$ into agreement using SM effective field theory and comment on future perspectives.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures; journal version
Unramified extensions and geometric $\mathbb{Z}_p$-extensions of global function fields
Creators: name: Itoh, Tsuyoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11R58, 11R23

description: We study on finite unramified extensions of global function fields (function fields of one valuable over a finite field). We show two results. One is an extension of Perret's result about the ideal class group problem. Another is a construction of a geometric $\mathbb{Z}_p$-extension which has a certain property.
description: 7 pages