cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Sectoral Uncertainty
Creators: name: Castelnuovo, Efrem
name: TUZCUOGLU, KEREM
name: Uzeda Garcia, Luis Henrique
Publisher: name: Bank of Canada
Year: 2022

description: We propose a new empirical framework that jointly decomposes the conditional variance of
economic time series into a common and a sector-specific uncertainty component. We apply
our framework to a large dataset of disaggregated industrial production series for the US
economy. Our results indicate that common uncertainty and uncertainty linked to nondurable
goods both recorded their pre-pandemic global peaks during the 1973-75 recession.
In contrast, durable goods uncertainty recorded its pre-pandemic peak during the global
financial crisis of 2008-09. Vector autoregression exercises identify unexpected changes in
durable goods uncertainty as drivers of downturns that are both economically and statistically
significant, while unexpected hikes in non-durable goods uncertainty are expansionary. Our
findings suggest that: (i) uncertainty is heterogeneous at a sectoral level; and (ii) durable
goods uncertainty may drive some business cycle effects typically attributed to aggregate
uncertainty.
description: Nous proposons un nouveau cadre empirique qui permet de décomposer simultanément la
variance conditionnelle des séries chronologiques de données économiques en deux
facteurs : l’incertitude agrégée et l’incertitude sectorielle. Nous appliquons notre cadre à un
vaste ensemble de données désagrégées relatives à la production industrielle aux États-Unis.
Nos résultats indiquent qu’avant la pandémie, l’incertitude agrégée et l’incertitude liée aux
biens non durables ont toutes deux atteint leur sommet durant la récession de 1973-1975.
L’incertitude liée aux biens durables a quant à elle culminé pendant la crise financière
mondiale de 2008-2009. Des exercices d’autorégression vectorielle permettent d’établir que
les variations imprévues de l’incertitude liée aux biens durables sont des facteurs de
ralentissement économiquement et statistiquement significatifs, tandis que les hausses
inattendues de l’incertitude liée aux biens non durables ont une action expansionniste. Nos
résultats donnent à penser que 1) l’incertitude est hétérogène au niveau sectoriel, et 2)
l’incertitude liée aux biens durables peut être à l’origine de certains effets du cycle
économique qui sont habituellement attribués à l’incertitude agrégée.
structure-hepes-benchchem
Creators: name: Walters, Valerie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biochemistry

description: 2-[4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazin-1-yl]ethanesulfonic acid is a HEPES that is ethanesulfonic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens is replaced by a 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazin-1-yl group. A Good's buffer substance, pKa = 7.55 at 20 ℃. It is a HEPES and an organosulfonic acid. It is a conjugate acid of a 2-[4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazin-1-yl]ethanesulfonate. It is a tautomer of a 2-[4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazin-4-ium-1-yl]ethanesulfonate.
Financial and labour obstacles and firm employment: Evidence from europe and central asia firms
Creators: name: Bui, Anh Tuan
Publisher: name: Torrens University Australia
Year: 2022
Subjects: Human resources management

description: This paper examines how obstacles in access to finance, labour regulations, and employment quality affect employment growth and the permanent worker ratio at the firm level. Using firm-level data of 11,691 firms in 33 low-income and middle-income countries in Europe and Central Asia, where unemployment rates are the highest worldwide, this paper demonstrates that access to finance and employment quality obstacles hinder employment growth. The paper also shows that the greater the obstacles in access to finance and labour regulations, the lower the permanent worker ratio. The findings are robust when applying a two-stage least-squares method to address endogeneity issues. Furthermore, quantile regression analysis shows that access to finance obstacles impede the lowest-growth firms the most and the highest-growth firms the least. Our results indicate that significant financial and regulatory reforms are needed to spur sustainable employment growth.
Bondi-Sachs energy-momentum and the energy of gravitational radiation
Creators: name: Maluf, J. W.
name: Neto, J. F. da Rocha
name: Ulhoa, S. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct the gravitational energy-momentum of the Bondi-Sachs space-time, in the famework of the teleparallel equivalent of general relativity (TEGR). The Bondi-Sachs line element describes gravitational radiation in the asymptotic region of the space-time, and is determined by the mass aspect and by two functions, $c$ and $d$, that yield the news functions, which are interpreted as the radiating degrees of freedom of the gravitational field. The standard expression for the Bondi-Sachs energy-momentum is constructed in terms of the mass aspect only. The expression that we obtain in the context of the TEGR is given by the standard expression, which represents the gravitational energy of the source, plus a new term that is determined by the two functions $c$ and $d$. We interpret this new term as the energy of gravitational radiation.
description: 21 pages, no figures, accepted by the General Relativity and Gravitation Journal
Utterance-Implicature
Creators: name: Spicer, DeeAnn
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2019

description: There is a phenomenon where people in conversation use a sentence that accidentally implies something that they did not mean. Current theories of “implicature” in philosophy account for cases when a speaker means to communicate the implicature, when a speaker’s audience believes that the speaker meant to communicate the implicature or when the sentence always carries an implicature barring any special circumstances. However the theories do not account for when a speaker uses a sentence that implies a message that the speaker does not intend to convey, the audience does not believe the speaker meant to convey, and the sentence does not usually convey. In this essay I provide a theory to account for cases when a sentence does not always carry an implicature but, because of particular features of a context, a use of a sentence carries a certain implicature regardless of the intention of the speaker.
$\mathscr{A}=\mathscr{U}$ for cluster algebras from moduli spaces of $G$-local systems
Creators: name: Ishibashi, Tsukasa
name: Oya, Hironori
name: Shen, Linhui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: For a finite-dimensional simple Lie algebra $\mathfrak{g}$ admitting a non-trivial minuscule representation and a connected marked surface $Σ$ with at least two marked points and no punctures, we prove that the cluster algebra $\mathscr{A}_{\mathfrak{g},Σ}$ associated with the pair $(\mathfrak{g},Σ)$ coincides with the upper cluster algebra $\mathscr{U}_{\mathfrak{g},Σ}$. The proof is based on the fact that the function ring $\mathcal{O}(\mathcal{A}^\times_{G,Σ})$ of the moduli space of decorated twisted $G$-local systems on $Σ$ is generated by matrix coefficients of Wilson lines introduced in [IO20]. As an application, we prove that the Muller-type skein algebras $\mathscr{S}_{\mathfrak{g}, Σ}[\partial^{-1}]$ [Muller,IY23,IY22] for $\mathfrak{g}=\mathfrak{sl}_2, \mathfrak{sl}_3,$ or $\mathfrak{sp}_4$ are isomorphic to the cluster algebras $\mathscr{A}_{\mathfrak{g}, Σ}$.
description: 41 pages, 20 figures. v2: Section 6 is added. v3: Typos are corrected. Journal version
Magneto-Optical Detection of the Orbital Hall Effect in Chromium
Creators: name: Lyalin, Igor
name: Alikhah, Sanaz
name: Berritta, Marco
name: Oppeneer, Peter M.
name: Kawakami, Roland K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The orbital Hall effect has been theoretically predicted but its direct observation is a challenge. Here, we report the magneto-optical detection of current-induced orbital accumulation at the surface of a light 3$d$ transition metal, Cr. The orbital polarization is in-plane, transverse to the current direction, and scales linearly with current density, consistent with the orbital Hall effect. Comparing the thickness-dependent magneto-optical measurements with $\textit{ab initio}$ calculations, we estimate an orbital diffusion length in Cr of $6.6\pm 0.6$ nm.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
Extending the Thermodynamic Form Factor Bootstrap Program: Multiple particle-hole excitations, crossing symmetry, and reparameterization invariance
Creators: name: Panfil, Miłosz
name: Konik, Robert M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this study, we further the thermodynamic bootstrap program which involves a set of recently developed ideas used to determine thermodynamic form factors of local operators in integrable quantum field theories. These form factors are essential building blocks for dynamic correlation functions at finite temperatures or non-equilibrium stationary states. In this work we extend this program in three ways. Firstly, we demonstrate that the conjectured annihilation pole axiom is valid in the low energy particle-hole excitations. Secondly, we introduce a crossing relation, which establishes a connection between form factors with different excitation content. Typically, the crossing relation is a consequence of Lorentz invariance, but due to the finite energy density of the considered states, Lorentz invariance is broken. Nonetheless a crossing relation involving excitations with both particles and holes can established using the finite volume representation of the thermodynamic form factors. Finally, we demonstrate that the thermodynamic form factors satisfy a reparameterization invariance, an invariance which encompasses crossing. Reparameterization invariance exploits the fact that the details of the representation of the thermodynamic state are unimportant. In the course of developing these results, we demonstrate the internal consistency of the thermodynamic form factor bootstrap program in a number of ways. Finally, we provide explicit computations of form factors of conserved charges and densities with crossed excitations and show our results can be used to infer information about thermodynamic form factors in the Lieb-Liniger model.
description: 48 pages, 6 figures, v2: minor revision with two new Appendices
Bank Credit, Trade Credit and Growth of Listed Agricultural Firms in Vietnam
Creators: name: Bui, Anh Tuan
Publisher: name: Torrens University Australia
Year: 2022
Subjects: Industry economics and industrial organisation

description: This paper investigates the relationships between bank credit and trade credit with profit of 130 agricultural firms listed on Vietnam’s stock exchanges during the period 2008-2014. Using the GMM approach, the paper reveals inverted-U shaped (∩) relationships between bank credit and trade credit with profit. Specifically, the optimal threshold of bank credit and trade credit to total assets of the firms are 0.4173 and 0.2425, respectively. The findings mean that if the ratio of bank credit to total assets exceeds the benchmark of 0.4173, firms should consider restructuring debts to get them back to the benchmark. To do so, firms should withdraw from those business fields that are not of their profession, in addition to liquiditizing unused assets to repay debts and not using short-term credit to invest in long-term projects. Firms may use trade credit wisely when other sources of finance are lacking. In concrete terms, firms can increase trade credit use if the ratio of trade credit to total assets is below 0.2425. Yet, if this ratio goes beyond this benchmark, firms should get back to this benchmark, e.g., keeping a suitable amount of inventory. The implications of this study is to boost firm growth in the proposed way.
Thermal Emission of Gravitational Waves from Weak to Strong Coupling
Creators: name: Castells-Tiestos, Lucía
name: Casalderrey-Solana, Jorge
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the production of gravitational waves by a thermalized plasma of $\mathcal N$=4 Supersymmetric Yang Mills matter. We focus on the large number of colors limit, $N_c\rightarrow \infty$, and compute the spectrum of gravitational waves both for infinitely large and infinitesimally small values of the 't Hooft coupling constant $λ$. In the $λ\rightarrow \infty$ limit we employ the gauge/gravity duality to compute the emission rate via the analysis of Energy-Momentum tensor thermal correlators. In the $λ\rightarrow 0$ limit we employ state-of-the-art perturbative analyses to calculate the complete leading order emission rate. By comparing these extreme limits, we bracket the magnitude of the spectrum induced by this source of gravitational waves. Embedding our results in a cosmological evolution model, we find qualitative and quantitative similarities between the strong coupling spectrum and the extrapolation of the perturbative results up to an intermediate value of the coupling, after an appropriate re-scaling of the effective number of degrees of freedom. We comment on how our results can help better understand the contribution of thermalized matter to the stochastic spectrum of gravitational waves.
description: 25 pages, 6 figures v3: typos corrected, references added
Compact Chirped Fiber Bragg Gratings for Single-Photon Generation from Quantum Dots
Creators: name: Remesh, Vikas
name: Krämer, Ria G.
name: Schwarz, René
name: Kappe, Florian
name: Karli, Yusuf
name: Siems, Malte Per
name: Bracht, Thomas K.
name: da Silva, Saimon Filipe Covre
name: Rastelli, Armando
name: Reiter, Doris E.
name: Richter, Daniel
name: Nolte, Stefan
name: Weihs, Gregor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A scalable source of single photons is a key constituent of an efficient quantum photonic architecture. To realize this, it is beneficial to have an ensemble of quantum emitters that can be collectively excited with high efficiency. Semiconductor quantum dots hold great potential in this context, due to their excellent photophysical properties. Spectral variability of quantum dots is commonly regarded as a drawback introduced by the fabrication method. However, this is beneficial to realize a frequency-multiplexed single-photon platform. Chirped pulse excitation, relying on the so-called adiabatic rapid passage, is the most efficient scheme to excite a quantum dot ensemble due to its immunity to individual quantum dot parameters. Yet, the existing methods of generating chirped laser pulses to excite a quantum emitter are bulky, lossy, and mechanically unstable, which severely hampers the prospects of a quantum dot photon source. Here, we present a compact, robust, and high-efficiency alternative for chirped pulse excitation of solid-state quantum emitters. Our simple plug-and-play module consists of chirped fiber Bragg gratings (CFBGs), fabricated via femtosecond inscription, to provide high values of dispersion in the near-infrared spectral range, where the quantum dots emit. We characterize and benchmark the performance of our method via chirped excitation of a GaAs quantum dot, establishing high-fidelity single-photon generation. Our highly versatile chirping module coupled to a photon source is a significant milestone toward realizing practical quantum photonic devices.
D6.4 Integrated Simultaneous Localisation and Mapping
Creators: name: Cosmas, John
name: Ali, Kareem
name: Hadad, Zion
name: Salomon, Arik
name: Karamani, Almog
name: Koffman, Israel
name: Mujral, Prabhveer
name: Mahbas, Ali
name: Njima, Wafa
name: Liu, Xiaodong
name: Amiel, Frédéric
name: Weh, Matthias
name: Jawad, Nawar
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: localisation, sub 6GHz Time of Arrival, Location from Landmarks, Simultaneous Localisation and Mapping data fusion, federated learning-based localization to overcome multipath; beacon positioning signal design to unlock strict time synchronisation; secure mutual localization using iterative trilateration; Blockchain-based solution for IIoT to increase scalability while ensuring privacy.

description: This deliverable reports on the different experiments that were performed to improve the reliability and accuracy of 5G/6G localisation techniques. It ranges from: sub 6GHz ToA localisation measurement campaigns; localisation from environment landmarks using LIDAR point clouds that could potentially have been be sensed from a 6G sensing system; Simultaneous Localisation and Mapping (SLAM) two-step localization system to improve the performance of the data fusion by data combination and selection; federated learning based localization using visible light signals to establish communication and determine the location of the receiving device to overcome the effects of multipath; a beacon positioning signal design which is used to unlock strict time synchronisation; a secure mutual localization system that uses iterative trilateration to determine location when continuous Line of Sight (LoS) access between at least three position-calibrated anchor nodes and the user equipment (UE) is not available for determining positions; a Blockchain-based solution for IIoT by utilizing sharding and the Interplanetary File System (IPFS) to efficiently store, process, and retrieve data to thereby increase the scalability of IIoT solutions while ensuring privacy.
Multi-Atlas Segmentation and Spatial Alignment of the Human Embryo in First Trimester 3D Ultrasound
Creators: name: Bastiaansen, W. A. P.
name: Rousian, M.
name: Steegers-Theunissen, R. P. M.
name: Niessen, W. J.
name: Koning, A. H. J.
name: Klein, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Segmentation and spatial alignment of ultrasound (US) imaging data acquired in the in first trimester are crucial for monitoring human embryonic growth and development throughout this crucial period of life. Current approaches are either manual or semi-automatic and are therefore very time-consuming and prone to errors. To automate these tasks, we propose a multi-atlas framework for automatic segmentation and spatial alignment of the embryo using deep learning with minimal supervision. Our framework learns to register the embryo to an atlas, which consists of the US images acquired at a range of gestational age (GA), segmented and spatially aligned to a predefined standard orientation. From this, we can derive the segmentation of the embryo and put the embryo in standard orientation. US images acquired at 8+0 till 12+6 weeks GA were used and eight subjects were selected as atlas. We evaluated different fusion strategies to incorporate multiple atlases: 1) training the framework using atlas images from a single subject, 2) training the framework with data of all available atlases and 3) ensembling of the frameworks trained per subject. To evaluate the performance, we calculated the Dice score over the test set. We found that training the framework using all available atlases outperformed ensembling and gave similar results compared to the best of all frameworks trained on a single subject. Furthermore, we found that selecting images from the four atlases closest in GA out of all available atlases, regardless of the individual quality, gave the best results with a median Dice score of 0.72. We conclude that our framework can accurately segment and spatially align the embryo in first trimester 3D US images and is robust for the variation in quality that existed in the available atlases.
description: Accepted for publication at the Journal of Machine Learning for Biomedical Imaging (MELBA) https://www.melba-journal.org/papers/2022:020.html
The impact of the availability heuristic on risk perception with moderating effects of accountability: An experiment
Creators: name: Song, Yingyi
Publisher: name: Macquarie University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Other education not elsewhere classified

description: The introduction of the Banking Executive Accountability Regime (BEAR) has heightened interest in accountability mechanisms for managing the risk of lowprobability events. We have designed an experiment to investigate how the occurrence of a low-probability disaster event affects risk perception in a sequential loan assessment task. Accountability is invoked with heightened financial and reputational consequences for those who underestimate, and hence undermanage, the risk. In the event of low accountability treatment, risk perception increases after a disastrous event, consistent with the availability heuristic. In the high accountability treatment, participants make more conservative risk judgments. This study highlights the two main potential benefits of accountability. First, accountability motivates conservative judgment and helps in avoiding significant losses from low-probability events. Second, accountability for adverse outcomes helps avoid some of the excessive risk-taking induced by financial incentives.
Cosmic String Loops as the Seeds of Super-Massive Black Holes
Creators: name: Bramberger, Sebastian F.
name: Brandenberger, Robert H.
name: Jreidini, Paul
name: Quintin, Jerome
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent discoveries of super-massive black holes at high redshifts indicate a possible tension with the standard Lambda CDM paradigm of early universe cosmology which has difficulties in explaining the origin of the required nonlinear compact seeds which trigger the formation of these super-massive black holes. Here we show that cosmic string loops which result from a scaling solution of strings formed during a phase transition in the very early universe lead to an additional source of compact seeds. The number density of string-induced seeds dominates at high redshifts and can help trigger the formation of the observed super-massive black holes.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures; minor changes, references added, agrees with the published version
$χ$iplot: web-first visualisation platform for multidimensional data
Creators: name: Tanaka, Akihiro
name: Tyree, Juniper
name: Björklund, Anton
name: Mäkelä, Jarmo
name: Puolamäki, Kai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: J.0; J.2; H.5

description: $χ$iplot is an HTML5-based system for interactive exploration of data and machine learning models. A key aspect is interaction, not only for the interactive plots but also between plots. Even though $χ$iplot is not restricted to any single application domain, we have developed and tested it with domain experts in quantum chemistry to study molecular interactions and regression models. $χ$iplot can be run both locally and online in a web browser (keeping the data local). The plots and data can also easily be exported and shared. A modular structure also makes $χ$iplot optimal for developing machine learning and new interaction methods.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure, accepted to the demo track of ECML PKDD 2023, https://github.com/edahelsinki/xiplot
DNNV: A Framework for Deep Neural Network Verification
Creators: name: Shriver, David
name: Elbaum, Sebastian
name: Dwyer, Matthew B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Despite the large number of sophisticated deep neural network (DNN) verification algorithms, DNN verifier developers, users, and researchers still face several challenges. First, verifier developers must contend with the rapidly changing DNN field to support new DNN operations and property types. Second, verifier users have the burden of selecting a verifier input format to specify their problem. Due to the many input formats, this decision can greatly restrict the verifiers that a user may run. Finally, researchers face difficulties in re-using benchmarks to evaluate and compare verifiers, due to the large number of input formats required to run different verifiers. Existing benchmarks are rarely in formats supported by verifiers other than the one for which the benchmark was introduced. In this work we present DNNV, a framework for reducing the burden on DNN verifier researchers, developers, and users. DNNV standardizes input and output formats, includes a simple yet expressive DSL for specifying DNN properties, and provides powerful simplification and reduction operations to facilitate the application, development, and comparison of DNN verifiers. We show how DNNV increases the support of verifiers for existing benchmarks from 30% to 74%.
Spin transport between polarized Fermi gases near the ferromagnetic phase transition
Creators: name: Zhang, Tingyu
name: Oue, Daigo
name: Tajima, Hiroyuki
name: Matsuo, Mamoru
name: Liang, Haozhao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically study the spin current between two polarized Fermi gases with repulsive interactions near the itinerant ferromagnetic phase transition. We consider a two-terminal model where the left reservoir is fixed to be fully polarized while the polarization of the right reservoir is tuned through a fictitious magnetic field defined by the chemical-potential difference between different atomic hyperfine states. We calculate the spectra of the spin-flip susceptibility function, which displays a magnon dispersion emerging from the Stoner continuum at low momentum in the ferromagnetic phase. Based on the spin-flip susceptibility and using Keldysh Green's function formalism, we investigate the spin current induced by quasiparticle and spin-flip tunneling processes, respectively, and show their dependence on the polarization bias between two reservoirs. The one-body (quasiparticle) tunneling demonstrates a linear dependence with respect to the polarization bias. In contrast, the spin-flip process manifests a predominantly cubic dependence on the bias. While indicating an enhanced magnon tunneling in the strong-coupling regime, our results also demonstrate a characteristic behavior around the critical repulsive strength for ferromagnetic phase transition at low temperatures.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures
Odd rank vector bundles in eta-periodic motivic homotopy theory
Creators: name: Haution, Olivier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: K-Theory and Homology (math.KT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We observe that, in the eta-periodic motivic stable homotopy category, odd rank vector bundles behave to some extent as if they had a nowhere vanishing section. We discuss some consequences concerning SLc-orientations of motivic ring spectra, and the etale classifying spaces of certain algebraic groups. In particular, we compute the classifying spaces of diagonalisable groups in the eta-periodic motivic stable homotopy category.
Kinetics of the xanthophyll cycle and its role in photoprotective memory and response
Creators: name: Short, Audrey
name: Fay, Thomas P.
name: Crisanto, Thien
name: Mangal, Ratul
name: Niyogi, Krishna K.
name: Limmer, David T.
name: Fleming, Graham R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Efficiently balancing photochemistry and photoprotection is crucial for survival and productivity of photosynthetic organisms in the rapidly fluctuating light levels found in natural environments. The ability to respond quickly to sudden changes in light level is clearly advantageous. In the alga Nannochloropsis oceanica we observed an ability to respond rapidly to sudden increases in light level which occur soon after a previous high-light exposure. This ability implies a kind of memory. In this work, we explore the xanthophyll cycle in N. oceanica as a short-term photoprotective memory system. By combining snapshot fluorescence lifetime measurements with a biochemistry-based quantitative model, we show that short-term "memory" arises from the xanthophyll cycle. In addition, the model enables us to characterize the relative quenching abilities of the three xanthophyll cycle components. Given the ubiquity of the xanthophyll cycle in photosynthetic organisms the model described here will be of utility in improving our understanding of vascular plant and algal photoprotection with important implications for crop productivity.
description: NCOMMS-23-25582, DOI : 10.1038/s41467-023-42281-8
Binding modes of GDP, GTP and GNP to NRAS deciphered by using Gaussian accelerated molecular dynamics simulations
Creators: name: Bao, H.Y.
name: Wang, W.
name: Sun, H.B.
name: Chen, J.Z.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Probing binding modes of GDP, GTP and GNP to NRAS are of significance for understanding the regulation mechanism on the activity of RAS proteins. Four separate Gaussian accelerated molecular dynamics (GaMD) simulations were performed on the apo, GDP-, GTP- and GNP-bound NRAS. Dynamics analyses suggest that binding of three ligands highly affects conformational states of the switch domains from NRAS, which disturbs binding of NRAS to its effectors. The analyses of free energy landscapes (FELs) indicate that binding of GDP, GTP and GNP induces more energetic states of NRAS compared to the apo NRAS but the presence of GNP makes the switch domains more ordered than binding of GDP and GNP. The information of interaction networks of ligands with NRAS reveals that the π-π interaction of residue F28 and the salt bridge interactions of K16 and D119 with ligands stabilize binding of GDP, GTP and GNP to NRAS. Meanwhile magnesium ion plays a bridge role in interactions of ligands with NRAS, which is favourable for associations of GDP, GTP and GNP with NRAS. This work is expected to provide useful information for deeply understanding the function and activity of NRAS.
Persistent Postural-Perceptual Dizziness Interventions—An Embodied Insight on the Use Virtual Reality for Technologists
Creators: name: Beilby, Justin
name: Zaidi, Syed Fawad M.
Publisher: name: Torrens University Australia
Year: 2022
Subjects: Digital health

description: Persistent and inconsistent unsteadiness with nonvertiginous dizziness (persistent postural-perceptual dizziness (PPPD)) could negatively impact quality of life. This study highlights that the use of virtual reality (VR) systems offers bimodal benefits to PPPD, such as understanding symptoms and providing a basis for treatment. The aim is to develop an understanding of PPPD and its interventions, including current trends of VR involvement to extrapolate and re-evaluate VR design strategies. Therefore, recent virtual-reality-based research work that progressed in understanding PPPD is identified, collected, and analysed. This study proposes a novel approach to the understanding of PPPD, specifically for VR technologists, and examines the principles of effectively aligning VR development for PPPD interventions.
Transverse Electron Beam Shaping with Light
Creators: name: Mihaila, Marius Constantin Chirita
name: Weber, Philipp
name: Schneller, Matthias
name: Grandits, Lucas
name: Nimmrichter, Stefan
name: Juffmann, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Interfacing electrons and light enables ultrafast electron microscopy, quantum control of electrons, as well as new optical elements for high sensitivity imaging. Here we demonstrate for the first time programmable transverse electron beam shaping in free space based on ponderomotive potentials from short intense laser pulses. We can realize both convex and concave electron lenses with a focal length of a few millimeters, comparable to those in state-of-the-art electron microscopes. We further show that we can realize almost arbitrary deflection patterns by shaping the ponderomotive potentials using a spatial light modulator. Our modulator is lossless, programmable, has unity fill factor, and could pave the way to electron wavefront shaping with hundreds of individually addressable pixels.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures
The Initial Calibration Date of the Antikythera Mechanism after the Saros spiral mechanical Apokatastasis
Creators: name: Voulgaris, Aristeidis
name: Mouratidis, Christophoros
name: Vossinakis, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This work analyzes the phase correlation of the three lunar cycles and the Saros/Exeligmos cycle, after the study of the chapter About Exeligmos in Introduction to the Phenomena by Geminus. Geminus, refers that each Exeligmos cycle began on very specific and rare dates, when the Moon positioned at the points of the three lunar cycles beginning: New moon at Apogee and at the Node. The extremely large duration of the Annular Solar eclipse occurred on December 22 178BC (Saros series 58), marks the start of the Prominent Saros Cycle Apokatastasis. The next day, 23 December 178BC, the Winter Solstice started. During these two neighboring dates, the celebration of the religious festival of Isia started in Egypt and the Hellenistic Greece. After the analysis of the Mechanism's Parapegma events specific position, 22/23 December 178BC is an ideal, functional and representative initial date, in order to calibrate the initial position of the Mechanism's pointers.
description: 29 pages, 8 figures
Towards Conditional Prediction Markets as Policy-Making Instruments for the Promotion of Renewable Energy
Creators: name: Shamsi, Mahdieh
name: Cuffe, Paul
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 90699 Electrical and Electronic Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Author's copy of the paper presented at IEEE International Conference on Smart Energy Systems and Technologies, in Eindhoven, The Netherlands, from 5 to 7 September 2022.
 Abstract:
 In prediction markets participants bet on the outcome of uncertain future events and the instantaneous price of such shares then represents an accurate forecasting signal. This paper demonstrates how conditional prediction markets can be employed as decision support tools to identify effective policies for the promotion of renewable energy. In this model, the policy maker's objective (e.g. achievement of renewable generation targets, social welfare, carbon emission level, etc.) is defined as the settlement metric of the prediction market; participants speculate on whether this metric will be achieved, conditional on each of available policy alternatives being implemented. For instance, one prediction market could ask will the installed capacity of renewable generation in a specific region exceed 6 GW by the end of the year 2023, conditional on implementing a feed-in-tariff policy ?; another prediction market may ask will the installed capacity of renewable generation in a specific region exceed 6 GW until the end of the year 2023 conditional on implementing renewable portfolio standards policy? The policy with the highest market price can be interpreted as the option believed by the market participants as having the best prospects for acheiving the installed capacity target of 6 GW. We have simulated the evolution of prices within such a prediction market, where an automated market maker aggregates the trades and settles the market. By using the proposed approach, a case study evaluating two renewable support schemes (comparing feed-in-tariff and renewable portfolio standards) in achieving the renewable generation target is analysed.
Linear instability analysis on compressible Navier-Stokes equations with strong boundary layer
Creators: name: Yang, Tong
name: Zhang, Zhu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: It is a classical problem in fluid dynamics about the stability and instability of different hydrodynamic patterns in various physical settings, in particular in the high Reynolds number limit of laminar flow with boundary layer. However, there are very few mathematical results on the compressible fluid despite the extensive studies when the fluid is governed by the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations. This paper aims to introduce a new approach to study the compressible Navier-Stokes equations in the subsonic and high Reynolds number regime where a subtle quasi-compressible and Stokes iteration is developed. As a byproduct, we show the spectral instability of subsonic boundary layer.
description: 35pages. All comments are welcome
Higher phosphorus and water use efficiencies and leaf stoichiometry contribute to legume success in drylands
Creators: name: Acuña-Acosta, Delia
name: Castellanos, Alejandro
name: Llano-Sotelo, José
name: Sardans, Jordi
name: Penuelas, Josep
name: Romo-León, José
name: Koch, George
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Legumes
Dryland species
ecophysiological traits
leaf stoichiometry
resource use efficiencies
Sonoran desert

description: Legumes are essential plants in dryland ecosystems worldwide because they increase nitrogen availability, so their understanding is vital for improving knowledge and modeling in the face of climate change.

This work studies the differences in resource use efficiency and their relationship with photosynthetic, photochemical, bioelemental, and stoichiometric traits of coexistent legumes and non-legumes in a Sonoran Desert ecosystem.

We found that legumes had higher photosynthetic rates, intrinsic and seasonal water use efficiency (WUE), phosphorus use efficiency (PPUE), and higher light utilization mediated by chlorophyll content and active reaction centers, which may increase their photoprotection. Legumes can increase their WUE and PPUE with no changes in nitrogen use efficiency (PNUE). Consequently, observed trait relationships between studied traits in these legumes have significant differences with the non-legume species in the study.

Stoichiometry is helpful, in some cases, as an indicator of nutrient use efficiency and enables functional group differentiation.

Our results strongly relate legumes' higher resource use efficiency with their success in dryland ecosystems.
description: Funding provided by: Consejo Nacional de Humanidades, Ciencias y TecnologíasROR ID: https://ror.org/059ex5q34Award Number: CB-61865
Funding provided by: Consejo Nacional de Humanidades, Ciencias y TecnologíasROR ID: https://ror.org/059ex5q34Award Number: CB-223525
Funding provided by: Universidad de SonoraROR ID: https://ror.org/00c32gy34
description: Field measurements and sampling were conducted on the most dominant shrub and tree species, three leguminous and five non-leguminous, which contributed to about 80% of the plant community's dominance. Physiological measurements were obtained from five (occasionally four) leaves from previously marked healthy adult individuals of each species within a plot of around 1000 m2. All measurements were performed after the onset of the North American Monsoon summer rains (between July and October) in 2021 and no official permits were required to perform the field work.
A unique two-dimensional silver(II) antiferromagnet Cu[Ag(SO4)2] and perspectives for its further modifications
Creators: name: Domanski, Mateusz
name: Mazej, Zoran
name: Grochala, Wojciech
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Copper(II) silver(II) sulfate crystallizes in a monoclinic CuSO4-related structure with P21/n symmetry. This quasi-ternary compound features [Ag(SO4)2]2- layers, while the remaining cationic sites may be occupied either completely or partially by Cu2+ cations, corresponding to the formula of (CuxAg1-x)[Ag(SO4)2], x = 0.6-1.0. CuAg(SO4)2 is antiferromagnetic with large negative Curie-Weiss temperature of -84.1 K and shows two characteristic ordering phenomena at 19 K and 40 K. Density functional theory calculations reveal that the strongest superexchange interaction is a two-dimensional antiferromagnetic coupling within [Ag(SO4)2]2- layers, with the superexchange constant J2D of -11.1 meV. This renders CuAg(SO4)2 the rare representative of layered Ag2+-based antiferromagnets. Magnetic coupling is facilitated by the strong mixing of Ag d(x2-y2) and O 2p states. Calculations show that M2+ sites in MAg(SO4)2 can be occupied with other similar cations such as Zn2+, Cd2+, Ni2+, Co2+, and Mg2+.
description: 9 pages, 4 Tables, 9 Figures, and electronic supplement of 21 pages
Precursor-of-Anomaly Detection for Irregular Time Series
Creators: name: Jhin, Sheo Yon
name: Lee, Jaehoon
name: Park, Noseong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Anomaly detection is an important field that aims to identify unexpected patterns or data points, and it is closely related to many real-world problems, particularly to applications in finance, manufacturing, cyber security, and so on. While anomaly detection has been studied extensively in various fields, detecting future anomalies before they occur remains an unexplored territory. In this paper, we present a novel type of anomaly detection, called Precursor-of-Anomaly (PoA) detection. Unlike conventional anomaly detection, which focuses on determining whether a given time series observation is an anomaly or not, PoA detection aims to detect future anomalies before they happen. To solve both problems at the same time, we present a neural controlled differential equation-based neural network and its multi-task learning algorithm. We conduct experiments using 17 baselines and 3 datasets, including regular and irregular time series, and demonstrate that our presented method outperforms the baselines in almost all cases. Our ablation studies also indicate that the multitasking training method significantly enhances the overall performance for both anomaly and PoA detection.
description: KDD 2023 accepted paper
Agent-based simulation of pedestrian dynamics for exposure time estimation in epidemic risk assessment
Creators: name: Harweg, Thomas
name: Bachmann, Daniel
name: Weichert, Frank
Publisher: name: TU Dortmund
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: SARS-CoV-2
subject: COVID-19
subject: Pedestrian dynamics
subject: Agent-based simulation
subject: Social-force model
subject: Numerical simulation
subject: 004

description: Purpose With the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic spreading across the world, protective measures for containing the virus are essential, especially as long as no vaccine or effective treatment is available. One important measure is the so-called physical distancing or social distancing. Methods In this paper, we propose an agent-based numerical simulation of pedestrian dynamics in order to assess the behavior of pedestrians in public places in the context of contact transmission of infectious diseases like COVID-19, and to gather insights about exposure times and the overall effectiveness of distancing measures. Results To abide by the minimum distance of 1.5 m stipulated by the German government at an infection rate of 2%, our simulation results suggest that a density of one person per 16m2 or below is sufficient. Conclusions The results of this study give insight into how physical distancing as a protective measure can be carried out more efficiently to help reduce the spread of COVID-19.
description: Journal of public health;Vol. 31. 2022, Issue 2, pp 221-228
Nematic quantum criticality in three-dimensional Fermi system with quadratic band touching
Creators: name: Janssen, Lukas
name: Herbut, Igor F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct and discuss the field theory for tensorial nematic order parameter coupled to gapless four-component fermions at the quadratic band touching point in three (spatial) dimensions. Within a properly formulated epsilon-expansion this theory is found to have a quantum critical point, which describes the (presumably continuous) transition from the semimetal into a (nematic) Mott insulator. The latter phase breaks the rotational, but not the time-reversal symmetry, and may be relevant to materials such as gray tin or mercury telluride at low temperatures. The critical point represents a simple quantum analogue of the familiar classical isotropic-to-nematic transition in liquid crystals. The properties and the consequences of this quantum critical point are discussed. Its existence supports the scenario of the "fixed-point collision", according to which three-dimensional Fermi systems with quadratic band touching and long-range Coulomb interactions are unstable towards the gapped nematic ground state at low temperatures.
description: 15 pages, 3 figures; v2: order-parameter dynamics revised, discussion on ambiguity of dynamical scaling scheme and its resolution at the quantum critical point added, effects of 1/r interaction emphasized, additional comments and explanations throughout the text, references added, version to appear in PRB