Acantholachesilla saltoensis García Aldrete & Manchola & Obando 2014, sp. n.
Creators: name: García Aldrete, Alfonso N.
name: Manchola, Oscar Fernando Saenz
name: Obando, Ranulfo González
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Psocodea
Lachesillidae
Acantholachesilla
Acantholachesilla saltoensis

description: Acantholachesilla saltoensis sp. n.
(Figs 1–13)
Diagnosis. As in generic diagnosis plus the following: male with distal end of abdomen broad, hypandrium well developed, this with sides and posterior border distinctly thickened, surface setose, with two basal macrosetae (Figs 4 and 5). Phallosome broadly triangular (Fig. 7). Clunial projection proximally wide, narrowing distally, with posterior border straight, sides and posterior border with a dense field of short spines (Fig. 6). External parameres with a slender posterior projection, extending beyond the level of the aedeagal arch (Fig. 7), this joined anteriorly to the broad based external parameres, aedeagal apex strongly curved dorsally, bearing minute blunt teeth. Female subgenital plate with a triangular prominence mesally near posterior border, bearing abundant setae and two macrosetae; IX sternum distinct, pigmented, almost rectangular (Fig. 13).
Male. Color (in 80% ethanol). Body pale brown, compound eyes black, legs pale brown, forewings pale brown, fumose; hindwings almost hyaline, abdominal sternites creamy, phallosome pale brown, apex of aedeagal arch reddish brown. Clunial projection pale brown, contrasting with the creamy paraprocts and epiproct.
Morphology. Head with vertex slightly concave (Fig. 3), setae as illustrated. Compound eyes prominent, with small interommatidial setae. Forewing L/W: 2.88. Forewing pterostigma elongate, narrow anteriorly, much wider posteriorly, lp/wp: 3.80, with abundant microspines in the membrane. Areola postica triangular (Fig. 1). Hindwing L/W: 3.33 (Fig. 2). Phallosome (Fig. 7): aedeagal arch with posterior projection wide based proximally, narrowing posteriorly, blunt ended; radula with distinct anterior area, almost quadrate, with medium sized sclerites, and two posterior rounded areas, with small sclerites. Paraprocts (Figs 5 and 6), broad, with anterior process long, sclerotized, joining the clunium; setal field of 5–7 macrosetae, plus a group of smaller setae latero-posteriorly; sensory fields with 13 trichobothria in basal rosettes and one trichobotrium without basal rosette. Epiproct long, posteriorly rounded, most of the proximal half of it covered by the clunial process, setal fields as illustrated (Fig. 6).
Measurements. (in µm). FW: 2625, HW: 2000, F: 910, T: 1310, t1: 500, t2: 170, ctt1: 25, Mx4: 218, f1: 500, f2: 493, f3: 355, f4: 290, f5: 170, f6: 170, f7: 160, f8: 140, f9: 140, f10: 130, f11: 120, IO: 310, D: 190, d: 253, IO/ d: 1.23, PO: 1.33.
Female. As in diagnosis, plus the following:
Color (in 80% ethanol). Same as male.
Morphology. Head and wings as in male. Forewing L/W: 2.88. Pterostigma, lp/wp: 3.7. Areola postica triangular (Fig. 8). Hindwing L/W: 3.24 (Fig. 9). Subgenital plate broad, posteriorly rounded, with a small, obtuse concavity in the middle (Fig. 11). Gonapophyses (Fig. 13), V1slender, joining IX sternum, V2+3 directed mesally, with setae as illustrated, sides almost parallel, and apices slightly projected to form conical extensions. Paraprocts broad (Fig. 12), with 3–5 macrosetae, smaller setae posteriorly, as illustrated, sensory fields elliptic, with 11 trichobothria issuing from basal rosettes and one trichobothrium without basal rosette (Fig. 12). Epiproct broadly triangular, rounded posteriorly, mesally with a field of seven small setae, two macrosetae near posterior border, and 5 macrosetae along the border, two decidedly longer (Fig. 12).
Measurements. (in µm). FW: 3062, HW: 2350, F: 860, T: 1380, t1: 530, t2: 160, ctt1: 26, Mx4: 200, f1: 500, f2: 510, IO: 360, D: 190, d: 275, IO/d: 1.31, PO: 1.44.
Etymology. The generic name is a compound word formed with the root Acantho, referred to the field of short spines on the clunial process, and Lachesilla. The specific name refers to the locality of El Salto, Buenaventura, where this species was found, at the Pericos Natural Reserve.
Specimens studied. Holotype male. COLOMBIA. Valle del Cauca, Buenaventura, El Salto trail, Reserva Natural Pericos (03°50'55.7'' N: 76°47'14.0'' W, 478m), 5–6.I.2014, light trap, MUSENUV slide cod. 25711, O. Saenz.
Paratypes: 3 females, 5 males, same data as the holotype, MUSENUV, O. Saenz. 1 male, same locality as the holotype, III.2013. MUSENUV slide cod. 25712, N. Calderón and O. Saenz. All specimens taken in light traps, near the canopy of the forest (12–18 meters from ground level).
Relationships of Acantholachesilla, Dagualachesilla and Dagualachesilloides. Table 1 shows the characters and character states utilized in the phylogenetic analysis of the three genera. Table 2 shows the matrix resulting from the coding of the above characters in the ingroup and in the outgroup, and Figure 14 shows the consensus tree
resulting from the analysis. The tree has a length of 35 steps, a CI of 0.91, and a RI of 0.78. Anomolachesilla was basal to the node of Dagualachesilloides- Acantholachesilla- Dagualachesilla. The analysis confirmed that Acantholachesilla and Dagualachesilla are closely related, with Dagualachesilloides apparently as ancestor (Fig. 15). The clade formed by Acantholachesilla and Dagualachesilla is highly supported by the following synapomorphies (bootstrap value of 93): a distinct clunial process over the area of the epiproct; similarity in shape (character 4) and development of the posterior processes of the external parameres (character 5), and by having a caudal slit on the posterior margin of the female subgenital plate (Table 2). This analysis shows the relationships of only four genera of Graphocaecilinii; it is necessary a cladistic analysis, including all the genera presently included in the tribe, to test the monophyly of it.
description: Published as part of García Aldrete, Alfonso N., Manchola, Oscar Fernando Saenz & Obando, Ranulfo González, 2014, Acantholachesilla gen. n. (Psocodea: ' Psocoptera': Lachesillidae: Eolachesillinae: Graphocaeciliini) from Valle del Cauca, Colombia, pp. 567-574 in Zootaxa 3821 (5) on pages 568-572, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3821.5.4, http://zenodo.org/record/4920198