cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Out of the BLEU: how should we assess quality of the Code Generation models?
Creators: name: Evtikhiev, Mikhail
name: Bogomolov, Egor
name: Sokolov, Yaroslav
name: Bryksin, Timofey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In recent years, researchers have created and introduced a significant number of various code generation models. As human evaluation of every new model version is unfeasible, the community adopted automatic evaluation metrics such as BLEU to approximate the results of human judgement. These metrics originate from the machine translation domain and it is unclear whether they are applicable for the code generation tasks and how well they agree with the human evaluation on this task. There are also other metrics, CodeBLEU and RUBY, developed to estimate the similarity of code, that take into account the properties of source code. However, for these metrics there are hardly any studies on their agreement with the human evaluation. Despite all that, minimal differences in the metric scores have been used in recent papers to claim superiority of some code generation models over the others. In this paper, we present a study on the applicability of six metrics -- BLEU, ROUGE-L, METEOR, ChrF, CodeBLEU, and RUBY -- for evaluation of code generation models. We conduct a study on two different code generation datasets and use human annotators to assess the quality of all models run on these datasets. The results indicate that for the CoNaLa dataset of Python one-liners, none of the metrics can correctly emulate human judgement on which model is better with >95% certainty if the difference in model scores is less than 5 points. For the HearthStone dataset, which consists of classes of a particular structure, a difference in model scores of at least 2 points is enough to claim the superiority of one model over the other. Our findings suggest that the ChrF metric is a better fit for the evaluation of code generation models than the commonly used BLEU and CodeBLEU. Yet, finding a metric for code generation that closely agrees with humans requires additional work.
Mixed Bilingualism: A Prelude to Incipient Creolisation of Pilipino?
Creators: name: Santiago, Alfonso (Ed.)
Publisher: name: Pacific Linguistics
Year: 1979

description: MIXED BILINGUALISM: A PRELUDE TO INCIPIENT CREOLISATION OF PILIPINO? 85 0. BACKGROUND 85 1. THE PROBLEM 86 2. CREOLISATION AND STANDARDISATION 87 3. THE BILINGUAL SITUATION 87 4. CREOLISATION: EXTENSIONS OF MEANING 90 4.1 Traditional meaning 90 4.2 Contemporary meaning 90 4.3 Meaning of creolisation in this study 91 5. DATA SOURCE AND ANALYSIS 91 5.1 Phonology 91 5.2 Morphology 95 6. A TEST ON CREOLISATION OF PILIPINO 98 7. CONCLUSIONS 101About the author 103Notes 104Appendix A: Tape recorded questions 108Bibliography 110
The effect of fast noise on the fidelity of trapped-ions quantum gates
Creators: name: Nakav, Haim
name: Finkelstein, Ran
name: Peleg, Lee
name: Akerman, Nitzan
name: Ozeri, Roee
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High fidelity single and multi-qubit operations compose the backbone of quantum information processing. This fidelity is based on the ability to couple single- or two-qubit levels in an extremely coherent and precise manner. A necessary condition for coherent quantum evolution is a highly stable local oscillator driving these transitions. Here we study the effect of fast noise, that is noise at frequencies much higher than the local oscillator linewidth, on the fidelity of one- and two-qubit gates in a trapped-ion system. We analyze and measure the effect of fast noise on single qubit operations including resonant $π$ rotations and off-resonant sideband transitions . We further analyze the effect of fast phase noise on the Molmer-Sorensen two-qubit gate. We find a unified and simple way to estimate the performance of all of these operations through a single parameter given by the noise power spectral density at the qubit response frequency. While our analysis focuses on phase noise and on trapped-ion systems, it is relevant for other sources of fast noise as well as for other qubit systems in which spin-like qubits are coupled by a common bosonic field. Our analysis can help in guiding the deign of quantum hardware platforms and gates, improving their fidelity towards fault-tolerant quantum computing.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
Additional file 1 of Cell competition between wild-type and JAK2V617F mutant cells prevents disease relapse after stem cell transplantation in a murine model of myeloproliferative neoplasm
Creators: name: Zhang, Haotian
name: Castiglione, Melissa
name: Zheng, Lei
name: Zhan, Huichun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 1. Materials and methods.
title: Ð Ð°Ð·Ð²Ð¸ÑÐ¸Ðµ Ð¸Ð½ÑÑÑÑÐ¼ÐµÐ½ÑÐ¾Ð² ÑÐ¸Ð½Ð°Ð½ÑÐ¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð¸Ð½ÑÑÐ°ÑÑÑÑÐºÑÑÑÐ½ÑÑ Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÐµÐºÑÐ¾Ð² Ð´Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð¶Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ ÑÐµÑÐ²Ð¸ÑÐ°
title: Ð²ÑÐ¿ÑÑÐºÐ½Ð°Ñ ÐºÐ²Ð°Ð»Ð¸ÑÐ¸ÐºÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ° Ð¼Ð°Ð³Ð¸ÑÑÑÐ°
titleType: Subtitle
title: Development of financing instruments for road service infrastructure projects
Creators: name: Ð ÑÐ¶ÐºÐ¾Ð²Ð°, ÐÐ»Ð¸Ð½Ð°
Publisher: name: Ð¡Ð°Ð½ÐºÑ-ÐÐµÑÐµÑÐ±ÑÑÐ³ÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ ÑÐ½Ð¸Ð²ÐµÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑ ÐÐµÑÑÐ° ÐÐµÐ»Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾
Year: 2021
Subjects: ÐÐ¾ÑÐ¾Ð³Ð¸
Ð´Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð¶Ð½ÑÐ¹ ÑÐµÑÐ²Ð¸Ñ
Ð¸Ð½ÑÑÐ°ÑÑÑÑÐºÑÑÑÐ½ÑÐµ Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÐµÐºÑÑ
Ð¸Ð½ÑÑÑÑÐ¼ÐµÐ½ÑÑ ÑÐ¸Ð½Ð°Ð½ÑÐ¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ
Ð¾ÑÐµÐ½ÐºÐ° ÑÐºÐ¾Ð½Ð¾Ð¼Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ð¹ ÑÑÑÐµÐºÑÐ¸Ð²Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸
road service
infrastructure projects
financing instruments
economic efficiency assessment

description: Ð ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐµ Ð¸Ð·Ð»Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ð° ÑÑÑÐ½Ð¾ÑÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´ÑÐ¾Ð´Ð¾Ð² Ðº ÑÐ°Ð·Ð²Ð¸ÑÐ¸Ñ Ð¸Ð½ÑÑÑÑÐ¼ÐµÐ½ÑÐ¾Ð² ÑÐ¸Ð½Ð°Ð½ÑÐ¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð¸Ð½ÑÑÐ°ÑÑÑÑÐºÑÑÑÐ½ÑÑ Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÐµÐºÑÐ¾Ð² Ð´Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð¶Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ ÑÐµÑÐ²Ð¸ÑÐ°. ÐÑÐ¾Ð°Ð½Ð°Ð»Ð¸Ð·Ð¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¾ ÑÐ¾ÑÑÐ¾ÑÐ½Ð¸Ðµ Ð¸Ð½ÑÑÐ°ÑÑÑÑÐºÑÑÑÑ Ð¿ÑÐ¸Ð´Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð¶Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ ÑÐµÑÐ²Ð¸ÑÐ° Ð² Ð Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸Ð¸, Ð¸Ð·ÑÑÐµÐ½ Ð¾Ð¿ÑÑ Ð·Ð°ÑÑÐ±ÐµÐ¶Ð½ÑÑ ÑÑÑÐ°Ð½. ÐÐ·ÑÑÐµÐ½Ñ Ð¾Ð±ÑÐ¸Ðµ Ð¿Ð¾Ð½ÑÑÐ¸Ñ Ð¸ Ð¾Ð¿ÑÐµÐ´ÐµÐ»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¿ÑÐ¸Ð´Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð¶Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ ÑÐµÑÐ²Ð¸ÑÐ° Ð¸ ÑÑÐ¾ÑÐ¼ÑÐ»Ð¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ñ Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð²Ð½ÑÐµ Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð±ÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸ Ð¸ Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð±Ð»ÐµÐ¼Ñ ÑÐµÐ°Ð»Ð¸Ð·Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð¸ Ð¸Ð½ÑÑÐ°ÑÑÑÑÐºÑÑÑÐ½ÑÑ Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÐµÐºÑÐ¾Ð². ÐÑÐµÐ´Ð»Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ñ Ð¼ÐµÑÐ¾Ð´Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð²ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¿ÑÐ¸Ð²Ð»ÐµÐºÐ°ÑÐµÐ»ÑÐ½Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸ ÑÐ¸Ð½Ð°Ð½ÑÐ¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð¸Ð½ÑÑÐ°ÑÑÑÑÐºÑÑÑÐ½ÑÑ Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÐµÐºÑÐ¾Ð². ÐÑÐ¾Ð²ÐµÐ´ÐµÐ½Ð° Ð¾ÑÐµÐ½ÐºÐ° ÑÐºÐ¾Ð½Ð¾Ð¼Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ð¹ ÑÑÑÐµÐºÑÐ¸Ð²Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸ Ð¿ÑÐ¸Ð¼ÐµÐ½ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ ÑÐ°Ð·ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ°Ð½Ð½ÑÑ Ð¸Ð½ÑÑÑÑÐ¼ÐµÐ½ÑÐ¾Ð² Ð½Ð° Ð¿ÑÐ¸Ð¼ÐµÑÐµ Ð¸Ð½ÑÑÐ°ÑÑÑÑÐºÑÑÑÐ½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÐµÐºÑÐ° ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¿Ð»ÐµÐºÑÐ° Ð¿ÑÐ¸Ð´Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð¶Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ ÑÐµÑÐ²Ð¸ÑÐ°.
description: The paper outlines the essence of approaches to the development of financing tools for infrastructure projects of road service. The state of the roadside service infrastructure in Russia is analyzed, the experience of foreign countries is studied. The general concepts and definitions of roadside service are studied and the main features and problems of the implementation of infrastructure projects are formulated. Methods of increasing the attractiveness of financing infrastructure projects are proposed. An assessment of the economic efficiency of the application of the developed tools is carried out on the example of an infrastructure project of a roadside service complex.
Brane Induced Gravity, its Ghost and the Cosmological Constant Problem
Creators: name: Hassan, S. F.
name: Hofmann, Stefan
name: von Strauss, Mikael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: "Brane Induced Gravity" is regarded as a promising framework for addressing the cosmological constant problem, but it also suffers from a ghost instability for parameter values that make it phenomenologically viable. We carry out a detailed analysis of codimension > 2 models employing gauge invariant variables in a flat background approximation. It is argued that using instead a curved background sourced by the brane would not resolve the ghost issue, unless a very specific condition is satisfied (if satisfiable at all). As for other properties of the model, from an explicit analysis of the 4-dimensional graviton propagator we extract a mass, a decay width and a momentum dependent modification of the gravitational coupling for the spin 2 mode. In the flat space approximation, the mass of the problematic spin 0 ghost is instrumental in filtering out a brane cosmological constant. The mass replaces a background curvature that would have had the same function. The optical theorem is used to demonstrate the suppression of graviton leakage into the uncompactified bulk. Then, we derive the 4-dimensional effective action for gravity and show that general covariance is spontaneously broken by the bulk-brane setup. This provides a natural realization of the gravitational Higgs mechanism. We also show that the addition of extrinsic curvature dependent terms has no bearing on linearized brane gravity.
description: v2: LaTeX, JHEP style, 41 pages, 3 eps figures. Partly rewritten to improve presentation, results unchanged, published version
Price Programs of the United States Department of Agriculture
Creators: name: Henderson, Harry W.
name: Henderson, Harry W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1950
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Excerpt from the report Introduction: The United States Department of Agriculture, through the Commodity Credit Corporation (CCC) and the Production and Marketing Administration (PMA), carries on a number of operations aimed at protecting prices received by farmers for agricultural commodities. These operations, commonly referred to as “price programs,” include the price-support program, the International Wheat Agreement, section 32 programs, the national school lunch program, marketing agreement and order programs, and the sugar program.
title: ÐÐºÑÐ¸Ð²Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÑ ÐºÐ°Ð»ÑÐ¿Ð°Ð¸Ð½Ð¾Ð² Ð² ÐºÐ»ÐµÑÐºÐ°Ñ Ð¦ÐÐ¡ Ð¿ÑÐ¸ Ð³Ð¸Ð¿Ð¾ÑÑÐ½ÐºÑÐ¸Ð¸ Ð´Ð¾ÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¸Ð½ÐµÑÐ³Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ð¹ ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ
title: Ð²ÑÐ¿ÑÑÐºÐ½Ð°Ñ ÐºÐ²Ð°Ð»Ð¸ÑÐ¸ÐºÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ° Ð±Ð°ÐºÐ°Ð»Ð°Ð²ÑÐ°
titleType: Subtitle
title: The activity of calpains in the cells of the central nervous system during hypofunction of the dopaminergic system
Creators: name: ÐÑÑÐµÐ¼Ð¾Ð²Ð°, ÐÐ°Ð»ÐµÑÐ¸Ñ
Publisher: name: Ð¡Ð°Ð½ÐºÑ-ÐÐµÑÐµÑÐ±ÑÑÐ³ÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ ÑÐ½Ð¸Ð²ÐµÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑ ÐÐµÑÑÐ° ÐÐµÐ»Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾
Year: 2021
Subjects: Ð´Ð¾ÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¸Ð½
ÐºÐ°Ð»ÑÐ¿Ð°Ð¸Ð½-1
ÐºÐ°Ð»ÑÐ¿Ð°Ð¸Ð½-2
Ð°Ð¼Ð»Ñ
Ð¼Ð¾Ð½Ð¾Ð°Ð¼Ð¸Ð½Ñ
Ð²ÑÐ¶Ñ
ÐºÐ°Ð·ÐµÐ¸Ð½Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ñ Ð·Ð¸Ð¼Ð¾Ð³ÑÐ°ÑÐ¸Ñ
Ð¾ÑÐºÑÑÑÐ¾Ðµ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ðµ
ÑÑÐ¶Ð°ÑÑÐ°ÑÑÑ Ð´Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð¶ÐºÐ°
ÑÐ»ÐµÐ´Ñ
dopamine
calpain-1
calpain-2
amlt
monoamines
hplc-ed
casein zimography
open field
narrowing path
foolprints

description: ÐÐ°Ð½Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ° Ð¿Ð¾ÑÐ²ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð° Ð¸Ð·ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð²Ð»Ð¸ÑÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð³Ð¸Ð¿Ð¾ÑÑÐ½ÐºÑÐ¸Ð¸ Ð´Ð¾ÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¸Ð½ÐµÑÐ³Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ð¹ ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ, Ð²ÑÐ·Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ Ð°Ð»ÑÑÐ°-ÐÐµÑÐ¸Ð»-L-ÑÐ¸ÑÐ¾Ð·Ð¸Ð½Ð¾Ð¼ Ð½Ð° Ð°ÐºÑÐ¸Ð²Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÑ ÐºÐ°Ð»ÑÐ¿Ð°Ð¸Ð½Ð¾Ð² Ð² ÑÐ°Ð·Ð»Ð¸ÑÐ½ÑÑ ÑÑÑÑÐºÑÑÑÐ°Ñ Ð¦ÐÐ¡. ÐÐ°Ð´Ð°ÑÐ¸, ÐºÐ¾ÑÐ¾ÑÑÐµ ÑÐµÑÐ°Ð»Ð¸ÑÑ Ð² ÑÐ¾Ð´Ðµ Ð¸ÑÑÐ»ÐµÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ: 1. ÐÑÑÐ»ÐµÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ Ð¿Ð¾Ð²ÐµÐ´ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ ÐºÑÑÑ Ð² ÑÑÐ»Ð¾Ð²Ð¸ÑÑ Ð³Ð¸Ð¿Ð¾ÑÑÐ½ÐºÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð´Ð¾ÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¸Ð½ÐµÑÐ³Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ð¹ ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ; 2. ÐÐ·Ð¼ÐµÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ ÑÐ¾Ð´ÐµÑÐ¶Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð½Ð¾Ð°Ð¼Ð¸Ð½Ð¾Ð² Ð² Ð¦ÐÐ¡ Ð¿ÑÐ¸ Ð³Ð¸Ð¿Ð¾ÑÑÐ½ÐºÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ð¸ Ð´Ð¾ÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¸Ð½ÐµÑÐ³Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ð¹ ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ; 3. ÐÐ·Ð¼ÐµÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ Ð°ÐºÑÐ¸Ð²Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸ ÑÐµÑÐµÐ±ÑÐ°Ð»ÑÐ½ÑÑ ÐºÐ°Ð»ÑÐ¿Ð°Ð¸Ð½Ð¾Ð² Ð² ÑÑÐ»Ð¾Ð²Ð¸ÑÑ Ð³Ð¸Ð¿Ð¾ÑÑÐ½ÐºÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð´Ð¾ÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¸Ð½ÐµÑÐ³Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ð¹ ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ.
description: This work is devoted to the study of the effect of dopaminergic system hypofunction caused by alpha-Methyl-L-tyrosine on the activity of calpains in various structures of the central nervous system. The research set the following goals: 1. To study the behavior of rats under conditions of hypofunction of the dopaminergic system; 2. Measure the content of monoamines in the central nervous system during hypofunction of the dopaminergic system; 3. Measure the activity of cerebral calpains under conditions of hypofunction of the dopaminergic system.
Collective memory: history, memory, and community
Creators: name: Aldis, Abigail V.
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2020
Subjects: memory
history
collective
civil war
community
social network
social-interactionist
method
individual memory
cognitive
context
institution
textbooks
narrative

description: Memory, defined as a representation of the past, is at the core of what it is to be human. Memory of the self defines a person’s identity, because when we remember, we remember ourselves. Memory ranges from holding information in our brain for a few seconds to storing information for an entire lifetime, from memory of the immediate past to childhood memories to memory of events only experienced through second-hand storytelling. Memory is an individual phenomenon, but it is inherently collaborative. People do not physically share memories; memories are held in the minds of individuals. However, memories are shared, reinforced, altered, and forgotten largely through conversational interactions. Shared memories define what it means to be a community. Through conversation and societal structures, memories become collective in communities. Thus far, collective memory has largely been studied in a fragmented way, which I argue is detrimental to the field and to real-world applications. There have been two main approaches to collective memory: one is the psychological approach, and the other is the sociological approach. These approaches both have important components but leave other essential components out of the discussion. I argue that the best approach to studying collective memory and other collective phenomena is the social-interactionist approach, which starts with relevant cognitive phenomena, looks at how those cognitive phenomena are modified in social settings, and studies how the phenomena propagate across large social networks. I argue for an extension of this approach to include societal context variables such as educational standards and norms within communities because those factors also have large influence on the collective memory of a community. This thesis first gives a review of relevant cognitive processes, then moves to a discussion of the study of collective memory. I use a case study to demonstrate a modified, qualitative version of the social-interactionist approach to collective memory, then conclude with a discussion of the possibilities for real-world solutions using this method.
title: Discovering context-dependent trajectory patterns from social media
Creators: name: Kwok, Connie Sau Chu
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2013

description: Dank des Fortschritts der Web-Entwicklung ist die Internetbenutzung heutzutage nicht mehr auf statisches Web-Browsing beschränkt. Der zunehmende Einsatz von sozialen Medien eröffnet nunmehr die Möglichkeit, den frei zugänglichen Benutzer-erzeugten Inhalt zur Erforschung des Benutzerverhaltens näher zu analysieren. In den letzen Jahren haben sich viele Forscher tatsächlich auf Daten, die von Benutzer beigetragen werden, konzentriert. Jedoch haben nur sehr wenige von ihnen die Trajektorien in anderen Kontexten als den räumlich-zeitlichen untersucht. Die Studie, die in dieser Diplomarbeit präsentiert wird, erkundet die Möglichkeit der Bestimmung von trajektoriellen Mustern in den Kontexten von Flickr-Benutzergruppen (nach Weltregionen) und Saisonen (Sommer versus Winter). Die Untersuchung von trajektoriellen Mustern in diesem Zusammenhang ist neuartig. Um dieses Ziel zu erreichen, wurden die drei größten Gruppen von Flickr-Benutzern ausgewählt, die Stadt Wien im Zeitraum von ungefähr 5 Jahren (2007-2011) besucht haben. Anschließend wurden die zehn meist besuchten Sehenswürdigkeiten für jede Gruppe in jeder Saison bestimmt. Schließlich wurden die trajektoriellen Muster von jeder Gruppe, die diese meistfrequentierten Sehenswürdigkeiten besucht haben, in jeder Saison analysiert. Durch die Verwendung der beiden Kontexte Benutzergruppen und Saisonen konnten interessante Unterschiede hearausgefunden werden, obwohl im Allgemeinen die trajektoriellen Muster jeder Gruppe ähnlich waren.
description: Thanks to the advances in Web development, internet usage is not limited to the static web browsing any more these days. With the bloom of social media, it is time to make good use of the freely accessible user-generated content to unmask new information. In recent years, many researchers have actually focused on user-contributed data in their studies. Very few of them have; however, investigated the trajectory patterns in contexts other than the spatiotemporal information. The work presented in this thesis explores the possibility of mining the trajectory patterns in the context of the Flickr user groups (according to "location", i.e., main residence) and seasons (summer versus winter). Studying the trajectory patterns in these contexts is novel. To attain this overall goal, the three largest Flickr user groups, who have visited the city of Vienna, Austria in a period of about 5 years (2007-2011), were selected. Then, the 10 most visited landmarks were sorted out for each group in each season. In the end, the trajectory patterns of each group visiting these top landmarks in each season were analysed. Although the landmarks and trajectory patterns of each group were overall similar, some interesting differences could be uncovered by considering the two contexts of user groups and seasons together.
ОСОБЕННОСТИ РАСПРОСТРАНЕНИЯ, УСЛОВИЯ ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ И ПРАКТИЧЕСКОЕ ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ ПОДЗЕМНЫХ ВОД ДЛЯ РАЗНЫХ ЦЕЛЕЙ НА ТЕРРИТОРИИ САРАТОВСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ
Creators: name: Н.В. Клычев
name: В.В. Гонтарев
name: С.Я. Цуркан
name: И.Р. Воронков
Publisher: name: Недра Поволжья и Прикаспия
Year: 2022
Subjects: гидрогеология
гидродинамика
гидрохимия
питьевые
минеральные и промышленные воды
Саратовская область
рекомендации
сероводород
месторождение
запасы

description: в статье рассматриваются закономерности распространения и перспективы использования на территории Саратовской области различных типов подземных вод (хозяйственно-питьевых, минеральных, промышленных) в связи с особенностями ее геолого-гидрогеологического строения (тектоникой, литологией, гидродинамикой и гидрохимией). Для каждого типа подземных вод предлагаются рекомендации по улучшению их рационального и эффективного использования в народном хозяйстве.
Mean first exit times of Ornstein-Uhlenbeck processes in high-dimensional spaces
Creators: name: Kersting, Hans
name: Orvieto, Antonio
name: Proske, Frank
name: Lucchi, Aurelien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The $d$-dimensional Ornstein--Uhlenbeck process (OUP) describes the trajectory of a particle in a $d$-dimensional, spherically symmetric, quadratic potential. The OUP is composed of a drift term weighted by a constant $θ\geq 0$ and a diffusion coefficient weighted by $σ> 0$. In the absence of drift (i.e. $θ= 0$), the OUP simply becomes a standard Brownian motion (BM). This paper is concerned with estimating the mean first-exit time (MFET) of the OUP from a ball of finite radius $L$ for large $d \gg 0$. We prove that, asymptotically for $d \to \infty$, the OUP takes (on average) no longer to exit than BM. In other words, the mean-reverting drift of the OUP (scaled by $θ\geq 0$) has asymptotically no effect on its MFET. This finding might be surprising because, for small $d \in \mathbb{N}$, the OUP exit time is significantly larger than BM by a margin that depends on $θ$. As it allows for the drift to be ignored, it might simplify the analysis of high-dimensional exit-time problems in numerous areas. Finally, our short proof for the non-asymptotic MFET of OUP, using the Andronov--Vitt--Pontryagin formula, might be of independent interest.
description: 14 pages, 3 figures
Parameter Estimation of Gravitational Waves with a Quantum Metropolis Algorithm
Creators: name: Escrig, Gabriel
name: Campos, Roberto
name: Casares, Pablo A. M.
name: Martin-Delgado, M. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: After the first detection of a gravitational wave in 2015, the number of successes achieved by this innovative way of looking through the universe has not stopped growing. However, the current techniques for analyzing this type of events present a serious bottleneck due to the high computational power they require. In this article we explore how recent techniques based on quantum algorithms could surpass this obstacle. For this purpose, we propose a quantization of the classical algorithms used in the literature for the inference of gravitational wave parameters based on the well-known Quantum Walks technique applied to a Metropolis-Hastings algorithm. Finally, we develop a quantum environment on classical hardware, implementing a metric to compare quantum versus classical algorithms in a fair way. We further test all these developments in the real inference of several sets of parameters of all the events of the first detection period GWTC-1 and we find a polynomial advantage in the quantum algorithms, thus setting a first starting point for future algorithms.
description: RevTex 4.2, 3 color Figures and 1 Table
ACCESS Is More Than Accommodations: 2018–2019 Deaf College Student National Accessibility Report
Creators: name: Palmer, Jeffrey Levi
name: Cawthon, Stephanie W.
name: Garberoglio, Carrie Lou
name: Ivanko, Tia
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2019
Subjects: deaf college students
accessibility
ACCESS Survey
accommodations

description: During the 2018–2019 academic year, the National Deaf Center on Postsecondary Outcomes (NDC) surveyed deaf students in higher education institutions across the nation. This report provides a comprehensive overview of results from the survey and offers suggestions for improving access and inclusion on campus for deaf students. The survey targets six key indicators of access and inclusion and provides data on the experience of more than 300 currently enrolled deaf college students.
Statistical Characterization of Temperature Patterns in Anisotropic Cosmologies
Creators: name: Sung, Rockhee
name: Short, Jo
name: Coles, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the issue of characterizing the coherent large-scale patterns from CMB temperature maps in globally anisotropic cosmologies. The methods we investigate are reasonably general; the particular models we test them on are the homogeneous but anisotropic relativistic cosmologies described by the Bianchi classification. Although the temperature variations produced in these models are not stochastic, they give rise to a "non-Gaussian" distribution of temperature fluctuations over the sky that is a partial diagnostic of the model. We explore two methods for quantifying non-Gaussian and/or non-stationary fluctuation fields in order to see how they respond to the Bianchi models.We first investigate the behavior of phase correlations between the spherical harmonic modes of the maps. Then we examine the behavior of the multipole vectors of the temperature distribution which, though defined in harmonic space, can indicate the presence of a preferred direction in real space, i.e. on the 2-sphere. These methods give extremely clear signals of the presence of anisotropy when applied to the models we discuss, suggesting that they have some promise as diagnostics of the presence of global asymmetry in the Universe.
description: 14 pages, 10 figures, 4 tables, accepted by MNRAS
ACCESO Significa Más Que Acomodaciones de Accesibilidad: Reporte Nacional de Accesibilidad para los Estudiantes Sordos Universitarios 2018–2019
Creators: name: Palmer, Jeffrey Levi
name: Cawthon, Stephanie W.
name: Garberoglio, Carrie Lou
name: Ivanko, Tia
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2019
Subjects: la encuesta ACCESO
estudiantes sordos universitarios
accesibilidad
acomodaciones

description: Durante el año académico 2018–2019, el Centro Nacional de Sordos sobre Resultados Posteriores a la Educación Media (NDC por sus siglas en inglés) encuestó a estudiantes sordos inscritos en instituciones de educación superior en todo el país. Este reporte proporciona un resumen de los resultados de la encuesta y ofrece sugerencias para mejorar el acceso y la inclusión de los estudiantes sordos en los campus universitarios. La encuesta apunta a seis categorías clave de acceso e inclusión y proporciona información específica sobre las experiencias de más de 300 estudiantes universitarios sordos inscritos en universidades actualmente.
Relativistic transformations of quasi-monochromatic optical beams
Creators: name: Yessenov, Murat
name: Abouraddy, Ayman F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A monochromatic plane wave recorded by an observer moving with respect to the source undergoes a Doppler shift and spatial aberration. We investigate here the transformation undergone by a generic, paraxial, spectrally coherent quasi-monochromatic optical \textit{beam} (of finite transverse width) when recorded by a moving detector. Because of the space-time coupling engendered by the Lorentz transformation, the monochromatic beam is converted into a propagation-invariant pulsed beam traveling at a group velocity equal to that of the relative motion, and which belongs to the recently studied family of `space-time wave packets'. We show that the predicted transformation from a quasi-monochromatic beam to a pulsed wave packet can be observed even at terrestrial speeds.
description: 5 pages, 6 figures
ЭЛЬТОН – НЕДООЦЕНЕННЫЙ ПРИРОДНЫЙ ОБЪЕКТ ФЕДЕРАЛЬНОГО ЗНАЧЕНИЯ
Creators: name: Л.А. Анисимов
Publisher: name: Недра Поволжья и Прикаспия
Year: 2022
Subjects: озеро Эльтон
водосборная площадь
бальнеология
водоснабжение
мониторинг.

description: рассмотрены вопросы, связанные с перспективами развития и разработкой системы природоохранных мероприятий на территории Природный парк «Эльтонский». Рекомендуется привлечь исследовательские силы университетов для повышения научного, образовательного и бальнеологического статуса объекта. Геоэкологические исследования должны включать само озеро и водосборную площадь, гидрологию и гидрогеологию территории, антропогенное влияние на природные объекты, поддержку хозяйственной деятельности. Полигон также должен выполнять функции по экологическому образованию и воспитанию населения.
Homogeneous Free Cooling State in Binary Granular Fluids of Inelastic Rough Hard Spheres
Creators: name: Santos, Andrés
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a recent paper [A. Santos, G. M. Kremer, and V. Garzó, \emph{Prog. Theor. Phys. Suppl.} \textbf{184}, 31-48 (2010)] the collisional energy production rates associated with the translational and rotational granular temperatures in a granular fluid mixture of inelastic rough hard spheres have been derived. In the present paper the energy production rates are explicitly decomposed into equipartition rates (tending to make all the temperatures equal) plus genuine cooling rates (reflecting the collisional dissipation of energy). Next the homogeneous free cooling state of a binary mixture is analyzed, with special emphasis on the quasi-smooth limit. A previously reported singular behavior (according to which a vanishingly small amount of roughness has a finite effect, with respect to the perfectly smooth case, on the asymptotic long-time translational/translational temperature ratio) is further elaborated. Moreover, the study of the time evolution of the temperature ratios shows that this dramatic influence of roughness already appears in the transient regime for times comparable to the relaxation time of perfectly smooth spheres.
description: 6 pages; 4 figures; contributed talk at the 27th International Symposium on Rarefied Gas Dynamics (Asilomar Conference Grounds, Pacific Grove, California July 10-15, 2010)
Predicting nonlinear optical scattering with physics-driven neural networks
Creators: name: Gigli, Carlo
name: Saba, Amirhossein
name: Ayoub, Ahmed Bassam
name: Psaltis, Demetri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Deep neural networks trained on physical losses are emerging as promising surrogates of nonlinear numerical solvers. These tools can predict solutions of Maxwell's equations and compute gradients of output fields with respect to the material and geometrical properties in millisecond times which makes them attractive for inverse design or inverse scattering applications. Here we develop a tunable version of MaxwellNet, a physics driven neural network able to compute light scattering from inhomogenous media with a size comparable with the incident wavelength in the presence of the optical Kerr effect. The weights of the network are dynamically adjusted to take into account the intensity-dependent refractive index of the material.
Electron-phonon coupling in the time domain : TR-ARPES studies by a cavity-based XUV laser
Creators: name: Na, Mengxing
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2022

description: The electron-phonon interaction is ubiquitous in crystalline materials, leaving fingerprints on both physical and electronic properties. In the study of materials, angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) can uniquely access the electronic band structure, and the electron interactions encoded within. However, disentangling the contributions from different degrees of freedom -- such as electron-electron and electron-phonon – can be very challenging. Extension of ARPES into the time domain via pump-probe spectroscopy allows one to access the electronic structure on an ultrafast timescale: this is advantageous as the intertwined interactions in equilibrium become separated in the time domain. In this thesis, we use time-resolved (TR)-ARPES to study the electron-phonon interaction in graphite. Specifically, we observe spectral features arising from the photoexcitation of electrons from the valence band to the conduction band, followed by quantized energy-loss processes corresponding to the emission of strongly-coupled optical phonons. The transfer of spectral weight from an identifiable initial state to a final state is the direct manifestation of a microscopic two-body scattering process from which we can extract the mode-projected electron-phonon matrix element. The spectral features observed in this study arise from the non-thermal (i.e. non-Fermi-Dirac) occupation of electrons. We use Boltzmann simulations to map out various regimes in graphite where non-thermal features arise. These non-thermal signatures are not unique to graphite but are ubiquitous in pump-probe experiments and intrinsically tied to the dominant scattering processes, their timescales, and corresponding bottlenecks. Our results were made possible by a custom-built state-of-the-art laser source featuring cavity-enhanced high-harmonic generation. The source has three key features: First, high photon energies capable of mapping the whole Brillouin zone of materials; second, a high repetition rate that minimizes the space-charge effect; and last, a balanced time and energy resolution capable of studying subtle spectral features. All three elements were crucial in discerning the spectral features related to electron-phonon scattering in graphite, the first observation of its kind. With these results, we demonstrate that the maturation of high-harmonic sources can now offer a tunable table-top source with unprecedented intensity, repetition rate and resolution.
Approximate Extraction of Late-Time Returns via Morphological Component Analysis
Creators: name: Goehle, Geoff
name: Cowen, Benjamin
name: Blanford, Thomas E.
name: Park, J. Daniel
name: Brown, Daniel C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: A fundamental challenge in acoustic data processing is to separate a measured time series into relevant phenomenological components. A given measurement is typically assumed to be an additive mixture of myriad signals plus noise whose separation forms an ill-posed inverse problem. In the setting of sensing elastic objects using active sonar, we wish to separate the early-time returns (e.g., returns from the object's exterior geometry) from late-time returns caused by elastic or compressional wave coupling. Under the framework of Morphological Component Analysis (MCA), we compare two separation models using the short-duration and long-duration responses as a proxy for early-time and late-time returns. Results are computed for Stanton's elastic cylinder model as well as on experimental data taken from an in-Air circular Synthetic Aperture Sonar (AirSAS) system, whose separated time series are formed into imagery. We find that MCA can be used to separate early and late-time responses in both cases without the use of time-gating. The separation process is demonstrated to be robust to noise and compatible with AirSAS image reconstruction. The best separation results are obtained with a flexible, but computationally intensive, frame based signal model, while a faster Fourier Transform based method is shown to have competitive performance.
description: 18 pages, 17 figures
Shifts in the Trade in Western Slaughter Livestock
Creators: name: Western Livestock Marketing Research Technical Committee
name: Western Livestock Marketing Research Technical Committee
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1950
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Productivity Analysis

description: Excerpt from the report Introduction: Briefly, this study disclosed that there is a growing western demand for meat. This, in practical effect, means a growing western demand for western-grown slaughter livestock. Other subjects discussed in this report include: (1) Surplus and deficit marketing and slaughtering areas within the West; (2) trends in decentralization of livestock slaughter in the West; (3) relative importance of livestock slaughter by type of western processor; (4) trends in western livestock slaughter under Federal inspection; (5) numbers and location of important western commercial slaughtering establishments; (6) seasonality of livestock slaughter in the West; (7) current and future demand in the West for slaughter livestock; and (8) changes in the direction of market movement for slaughter livestock in the West. These subjects are discussed for the western region as a whole, and for the principal areas within the 12 Western States—the Pacific coast, the Southwest, and the Intermountain areas.
The Role of De-Ethnisation and Attitude in the Use of Pilipino: A Factor Analytic Study
Creators: name: Perez, Alejandrino (Ed.)
Publisher: name: Pacific Linguistics
Year: 1979

description: THE ROLE OF DE-ETHNISATION AND ATTITUDE IN THE USE OF PILIPINO: A FACTOR ANALYTIC STUDY. 67INTRODUCTION 67RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS 70Biographical sketch 77Notes 78Appendix "A" 79References 83
Population study for gamma-ray pulsars with the outer gap model
Creators: name: Takata, J.
name: Wang, Y.
name: Cheng, K. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Inspired by increase of population of $γ$-ray emitting pulsars by the $Fermi$ telescope, we perform a population study for $γ$-ray emitting canonical pulsars. We use a Monte-Carlo technique to simulate the Galactic population of neutron stars and the radio pulsars. For each simulated neutron star, we consider the $γ$-ray emission from the outer gap accelerator in the magnetosphere. In our outer gap model, we apply the gap closure mechanism proposed by Takata et al., in which both photon-photon pair-creation and magnetic pair-creation processes are considered. Simulating the sensitivities of previous major radio surveys, our simulation predicts that there are $\sim 18-23$ radio loud and $\sim 26-34$ $γ$-ray-selected $γ$-ray pulsars, which can be detected with a $γ$-ray flux $F_γ\ge 10^{-10}~\mathrm{erg/cm^2 s}$. Applying the sensitivity of the six-month observation of the $Fermi$ telescope, 40-61 radio-selected and 36-75 $γ$-ray selected pulsars are detected within our simulation. We show that the distributions of various pulsar parameters for the simulated $γ$-ray pulsars can be consistent with the observed distribution of the $γ$-ray pulsars detected by the $Fermi$ telescope. We also predict that $\sim 64$ radio-loud and $\sim 340$ $γ$-ray-selected pulsars irradiate the Earth with a flux $F_γ\ge 10^{-11}~\mathrm{erg/cm^2 s}$, and most of those $γ$-ray pulsars are distributing with a distance more than 1~kpc and a flux $F_γ\sim 10^{-11}~\mathrm{erg/cm^2 s}$. The ration between the radio-selected and $γ$-ray-selected pulsars depend on the sensitivity of the radio surveys. We also discuss the Galactic distribution of the unidentified $Fermi$ sources and the canonical $γ$-ray pulsars.
description: 45 page, 10 figures, Accepted for publication in ApJ
Microscopic description of large-amplitude shape-mixing dynamics with inertial functions derived in local quasiparticle random-phase approximation
Creators: name: Hinohara, Nobuo
name: Sato, Koichi
name: Nakatsukasa, Takashi
name: Matsuo, Masayuki
name: Matsuyanagi, Kenichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: On the basis of the adiabatic self-consistent collective coordinate method, we develop an efficient microscopic method of deriving the five-dimensional quadrupole collective Hamiltonian and illustrate its usefulness by applying it to the oblate-prolate shape coexistence/mixing phenomena in proton-rich 68,70,72Se. In this method, the vibrational and rotational collective masses (inertial functions) are determined by local normal modes built on constrained Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov states. Numerical calculations are carried out using the pairing-plus-quadrupole Hamiltonian including the quadrupole-pairing interaction. It is shown that the time-odd components of the moving mean-field significantly increase the vibrational and rotational collective masses in comparison with the Inglis-Belyaev cranking masses. Solving the collective Schroedinger equation, we evaluate excitation spectra, quadrupole transitions and moments. Results of the numerical calculation are in excellent agreement with recent experimental data and indicate that the low-lying states of these nuclei are characterized as an intermediate situation between the oblate-prolate shape coexistence and the so-called gamma unstable situation where large-amplitude triaxial-shape fluctuations play a dominant role.
description: 17 pages, 16 figures, Submitted to Phys. Rev. C
Higgs Boson Masses in the MSSM with Heavy Majorana Neutrinos
Creators: name: Heinemeyer, S.
name: Herrero, M. J.
name: Penaranda, S.
name: Rodriguez-Sanchez, A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a full diagrammatic computation of the one-loop corrections from the neutrino/sneutrino sector to the renormalized neutral CP-even Higgs boson self-energies and the lightest Higgs boson mass, Mh, within the context of the so-called MSSM-seesaw scenario. This consists of the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model with the addition of massive right handed Majorana neutrinos and their supersymmetric partners, and where the seesaw mechanism is used for the lightest neutrino mass generation. We explore the dependence on all the parameters involved, with particular emphasis in the role played by the heavy Majorana scale. We restrict ourselves to the case of one generation of neutrinos/sneutrinos. For the numerical part of the study, we consider a very wide range of values for all the parameters involved. We find sizeable corrections to Mh, which are negative in the region where the Majorana scale is large (10^{13}-10^{15} GeV) and the lightest neutrino mass is within a range inspired by data (0.1-1 eV). For some regions of the MSSM-seesaw parameter space, the corrections to Mh are substantially larger than the anticipated Large Hadron Collider precision.
description: Latex, 50 pages, 15 figures, 6 tables. Discussion improved. Comments and some new approximate formulae have been added. Published version on JHEP
Rice Preferences Among Household Consumers
Creators: name: Bureau Of Agricultural Economics
name: Bureau Of Agricultural Economics
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1950
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis
Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety

description: Excerpt from the report Introduction: As a result of a greatly expanded production compared with prewar and prospects that exports will be substantially reduced from present levels, the United States is faced with the likelihood of an accumulation of rice surpluses. An increase in domestic consumption would reduce the magnitude of surpluses, or abundances, and the size of the necessary acreage reductions. With a view to reducing surpluses of rice, efforts are being made to find larger outlets in the United States. It is the purpose of this consumer preference study to help rice growers and the rice industry to evaluate domestic consumption with a view to its possible expansion.
Quintessence Ghost Dark Energy Model
Creators: name: Sheykhi, Ahamd
name: Bagheri, Ali
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A so called "ghost dark energy" was recently proposed to explain the present acceleration of the universe expansion. The energy density of ghost dark energy, which originates from Veneziano ghost of QCD, is proportional to the Hubble parameter, $ρ_D=αH$, where $α$ is a constant which is related to the QCD mass scale. In this paper, we establish the correspondence between ghost dark energy and quintessence scalar field energy density. This connection allows us to reconstruct the potential and the dynamics of the quintessence scalar field according to the evolution of ghost energy density.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures, version to appear in Europhys. Lett
The effects of maternal height on birth outcomes
Creators: name: Yearwood, Lauren M.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2022

description: A large body of literature has assessed the association between pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) and adverse birth outcomes, however, the effects of maternal height, irrespective of BMI, have been understudied. In this thesis I evaluated the association between maternal stature and adverse perinatal outcomes, and whether this association is modified by maternal race/ethnicity. I also examined how maternal stature modifies the association between small- and large-for-gestational age infants (SGA and LGA, respectively) and adverse neonatal outcomes. I conducted two retrospective cohort studies using data on all singleton births in the USA in 2016 and 2017, obtained from the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS). Short and tall stature were defined as <10th and >90th centile of the maternal height distribution, respectively; maternal race/ethnicity included non-Hispanic White, non-Hispanic Black, American Indian/Alaskan Native, Asian/Pacific Islander, and Hispanic categories. SGA and LGA infant categories were defined using the United States’ reference for fetal growth. Adverse outcomes included, for example, preterm birth, perinatal death, and neonatal morbidity. Regression models were used to adjust for potential confounding and to assess effect modification. Overall, short women had an increased risk while tall women had a decreased risk of adverse perinatal outcomes relative to average stature women. Associations between maternal height and adverse perinatal outcomes were modified by race/ethnicity: the magnitude of the associations between maternal height and adverse perinatal outcomes were larger among some racial/ethnic groups and attenuated in others. When investigating risks of adverse neonatal outcomes among SGA and LGA infants, I found that the association between SGA and adverse neonatal outcomes was weaker in women of short stature, while it was stronger in women of tall stature. These findings raise important questions about the existing SGA/LGA classification since the medical prognosis for these infants also depends on maternal height. The findings of my thesis including various adverse perinatal health outcomes associated with maternal stature, race/ethnicity, and size for gestational age fill gaps in the literature regarding the modifying effects of maternal stature. The results provide health care providers with additional information that can improve risk assessment in pregnant women.
Dataset on the zooarchaeological records of oyster shells in Estonian archaeological collections
Creators: name: Lõugas, Lembi
name: Russow, Erki
Publisher: name: Tallinn University, Archaeological Research Collection
Year: 2022
Subjects: oysters
zooarchaeology
archaeomalacology
medieval
early modern
archaeological finds

description: This dataset contains data collected during the analyses of archaeological seafood remains. The dataset consists of 4 tables and 3 (5) photo folders. It is being made public both to act as supplementary data for publication and the research project PRG29. Data in this dataset were collected at the Tallinn University during the period of 2021-2022
Infrared finite semi-inclusive cross section in two dimensional type 0B string theory
Creators: name: Sen, Ashoke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: D-instanton induced S-matrix in type 0B string theory in two dimensions suffers from infrared divergences. This can be traced to the fact that these processes produce low energy rolling tachyon states that cannot be regarded as linear combination of a finite number of closed string states. We compute semi-inclusive cross sections in this theory where we allow in the final state a fixed set of closed strings carrying given energies and any number of other closed string states carrying the rest of the energy. The result is infrared finite and agrees with the results in the dual matrix model, described by non-relativistic fermions moving in an inverted harmonic oscillator potential. In the matrix model the role of `any number of other closed string states' is played by a fermion hole pair on opposite sides of the potential barrier.
description: LaTeX, 26 pages