cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Heterogeneously-Distributed Joint Radar Communications: Bayesian Resource Allocation
Creators: name: Wu, Linlong
name: Mishra, Kumar Vijay
name: R., Bhavani Shankar M.
name: Ottersten, Björn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Due to spectrum scarcity, the coexistence of radar and wireless communication has gained substantial research interest recently. Among many scenarios, the heterogeneouslydistributed joint radar-communication system is promising due to its flexibility and compatibility of existing architectures. In this paper, we focus on a heterogeneous radar and communication network (HRCN), which consists of various generic radars for multiple target tracking (MTT) and wireless communications for multiple users. We aim to improve the MTT performance and maintain good throughput levels for communication users by a well-designed resource allocation. The problem is formulated as a Bayesian Cramér-Rao bound (CRB) based minimization subjecting to resource budgets and throughput constraints. The formulated nonconvex problem is solved based on an alternating descent-ascent approach. Numerical results demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed allocation scheme for this heterogeneous network.
La liaison en français chez les personnes âgées : études longitudinales
Creators: name: Hélène-Véronique Essomba-Etama Ep. Doualla, M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: liaisons ; personnes âgées; liaisons chez les personnes âgées; études longitudinales comparatives

description: Die Spezialistin in Soziolinguistik Françoise Gadet sagte, dass „der Ruhestand oft mit einer Lockerung der Sprache einhergeht“ (Gadet, 2003). Dadurch wollte Sie betonen, dass sich ältere Menschen weniger gut ausdrücken als junge Menschen. Im Rahmen dieser Analyse wird überprüft, ob diese Aussage im Französischen immer zutrifft, insbesondere bei der Verwendung von Liaisons (obligatorischen, fakultativen und verbotenen) durch älteren Menschen. Grundlage für die Analyse ist eine Längsschnittstudie, die aus verschiedenen Interviews mit denselben Personen besteht. Die Interviews wurden im Jahr 2005 und danach im Jahr 2015 durchgeführt. Für diese Arbeit wurden fünf Frauen ausgewählt, die über 70 Jahre alt waren, Muttersprachlerinnen und die in Orléans und Umgebung leben. Diese Interviews stammen aus dem LangAge-Korpus. Nach der Bewertung der Liaisons in allen Interviews, konnte festgestellt werden, dass im Allgemeinen nach zehn Jahren eine Abnahme der Verwendung der Liaisons auftrat. Dies betrifft nur die fakultativen Liaisons. Die obligatorischen wurden immer noch gut benutzt und es traten keine verbotenen Liaisons in dem gesamten Zeitraum auf. Es stellt sich aber die Frage, ob eine Abnahme der Verwendung der fakultativen Liaisons eindeutig als Lockerung der Sprache angesehen werden kann, da eigentlich durch die Definition man die Wahl hat, diese Liaisons zu verwenden oder nicht.
Online but Accurate Inference for Latent Variable Models with Local Gibbs Sampling
Creators: name: Dupuy, Christophe
name: Bach, Francis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We study parameter inference in large-scale latent variable models. We first propose an unified treatment of online inference for latent variable models from a non-canonical exponential family, and draw explicit links between several previously proposed frequentist or Bayesian methods. We then propose a novel inference method for the frequentist estimation of parameters, that adapts MCMC methods to online inference of latent variable models with the proper use of local Gibbs sampling. Then, for latent Dirich-let allocation,we provide an extensive set of experiments and comparisons with existing work, where our new approach outperforms all previously proposed methods. In particular, using Gibbs sampling for latent variable inference is superior to variational inference in terms of test log-likelihoods. Moreover, Bayesian inference through variational methods perform poorly, sometimes leading to worse fits with latent variables of higher dimensionality.
Flow Equivalence of G-SFTs
Creators: name: Boyle, Mike
name: Carlsen, Toke Meier
name: Eilers, Søren
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, a G-shift of finite type (G-SFT) is a shift of finite type together with a free continuous shift-commuting action by a finite group G. We reduce the classification of G-SFTs up to equivariant flow equivalence to an algebraic classification of a class of poset-blocked matrices over the integral group ring of G. For a special case of two irreducible components with G$=\mathbb Z_2$, we compute explicit complete invariants. We relate our matrix structures to the Adler-Kitchens-Marcus group actions approach. We give examples of G-SFT applications, including a new connection to involutions of cellular automata.
description: The paper has been augmented considerably and the second version is now 81 pages long. This version has been accepted for publication in Transactions of the American Mathematical Society
Supporting Information - Leveraging Governance Performance to Enhance Climate Resilience
Creators: name: Rölfer, Lena
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 50205 Environmental Management
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: The following supporting information are part of the paper “Leveraging Governance Performance to Enhance Climate Resilience”, published by Earth's Future. The supporting information include additional Tables and Figures that complement the manuscript, as well as excel files with results from the Capitals Approach Framework (CAF) survey, the adjacency matrix generated from the Fuzzy Cognitive Map (FCM), as well as the R Script with which calculations for the leverage points analysis were conducted.
Option pricing with stochastic volatility models
Creators: name: Yoon, Jungyeon
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Despite the success and the user-friendly features of Black-Scholes (BS) pricing, many empirical results in the option pricing literature have shown the departures from the BS model. The motivation of this dissertation starts from these departures. In the first part of dissertation, we take the popular approach of stochastic volatility and jump models that are known to give good explanations to the empirical phenomenon. In order to keep analytic tractability, we derive the Generalized Black-Scholes (GBS) formula by a proper conditioning in a general mixture framework. By taking advantage of this new version of option pricing formula, we propose an approximation scheme that is well suited for the conditional Monte Carlo method. The simulation study and Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithm give an evidence of a huge computational time reduction without much loss of accuracy. In the second part, we provide a new prospective on the forecasting ability and information content of the BS implied volatility in the presence of nonzero leverage effect. The leverage effect, which is the correlation between the return and volatility process, is introduced to model the observed Black-Scholes implied volatility (BSIV) smile and its skewness. We provide a simple theoretical framework that explains and justifies the use of BSIV from at-the-money option for the volatility forecast. Based on this and simulation study, which show the sensitivity of the concavity of option price with respect to the underlying stock price (the gamma effect), we propose a new approach to improve option pricing accuracy by a proper account for the gamma effect.
Weighted Distance Weighted Discrimination and Pairwise Variable Selection for Classification
Creators: name: Qiao, Xingye
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Statistical machine learning has attracted a lot of attention in recent years due to its broad applications in various fields. The driving statistical problem that is common throughout this dissertation is classification. This dissertation covers two major topics in classification. The first topic is weighted Distance Weighted Discrimination (weighted DWD or wDWD), an improved version of a recently proposed classification method. We show significant improvements are available in several situations. Using our proposed optimal weighting schemes, we show that wDWD is Fisher consistent under the overall misclassification criterion. In addition, we propose three alternative criteria and provide the corresponding optimal weights or adaptive weighting schemes for each of them. Mathematical validation of these ideas is established through the High-Dimensional, Low Sample-Size (HDLSS) asymptotic properties of wDWD. An important contribution is the weakening of the assumptions from Hall et al. (2005) and Ahn et al. (2007). We then extend the results to two classes. The HDLSS asymptotic properties of wDWD that we discuss here contain two results, one is about the misclassification rate of wDWD, the other explores the angle between the DWD direction and the optimal classification direction. The second topic of this dissertation is variable selection for classification. The goal is to find those variables that have weak marginal effects, but can lead to good classification results when they are viewed jointly. To accomplish this, we use a within-class permutation test called Significance test of Joint Effect (SigJEff). The resulting object of SigJEff is a set of pairs of variables with statistically significant joint effects. To extend our scope to joint effects with more than two variables, we introduce a new visualization approach to display the mutiscale joint effects, called Multiscale Significance Display (MSD), and a general framework for variable selection procedures based on MSD, called Multiscale Variable Screening (MVS). MSD is a moving window approach, and it evaluates the joint effects of the variables in this window. The moving window is based on an order of variables. MVS seeks to find the best initial ordering in an iterative manner.
Using Visual Anomaly Detection for Task Execution Monitoring
Creators: name: Thoduka, Santosh
name: Gall, Juergen
name: Plöger, Paul G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Execution monitoring is essential for robots to detect and respond to failures. Since it is impossible to enumerate all failures for a given task, we learn from successful executions of the task to detect visual anomalies during runtime. Our method learns to predict the motions that occur during the nominal execution of a task, including camera and robot body motion. A probabilistic U-Net architecture is used to learn to predict optical flow, and the robot's kinematics and 3D model are used to model camera and body motion. The errors between the observed and predicted motion are used to calculate an anomaly score. We evaluate our method on a dataset of a robot placing a book on a shelf, which includes anomalies such as falling books, camera occlusions, and robot disturbances. We find that modeling camera and body motion, in addition to the learning-based optical flow prediction, results in an improvement of the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve from 0.752 to 0.804, and the area under the precision-recall curve from 0.467 to 0.549.
description: Accepted for publication at the 2021 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS)
Assessment of class participation in online and offline learning environments: A qualitative investigation of teachers’ best practices and challenges
Creators: name: Jiang, Juming
name: Simon, Patricia D.
name: Fryer, Luke K.
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Education

description: This study aims to gather the best practices and challenges of higher education teachers in assessing class participation in both online and face-to-face learning. Semi-structured interviews will be conducted with 20 teachers from a university in Hong Kong. Insights gained aim to contribute to providing more structure to teachers who are interested in improving their current assessment practices.
title: Materielle Kultur und Migration
title: Vestimentäre Strategien von jugendlichen Flüchtlingen in Deutschland
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Kneijnsberg, Kira
Publisher: name: TU Dortmund
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Flüchtlinge
subject: Kulturwissenschaften
subject: Mode
subject: Vestimentäre Strategien
subject: Flüchtling
subject: Mode
subject: Identitätsentwicklung
subject: Kulturwissenschaften

description: Die vorliegende Arbeit ist eine qualitative empirische Untersuchung zur Relevanz textiler Praktiken bei der Identitätsbildung jugendlicher Geflohener. Es wird beleuchtet, inwieweit Mode und textile Handlungen eine identitätsstiftende Funktion haben und auf welche Weise sich dies konkret in der vestimentären Praktik zeigt. Der Fokus lag auf dem Wandel, der sich in der neuen Lebenswelt mit Blick auf die Körper- und Kleidungsideale vollzieht. Die Untersuchung stützt sich auf Befragungen und Beobachtungen von Flüchtlingen. Es ging auch um die Frage, wie sich Migration in Deutschland zeigt. Der Begriff Postmigration beschreibt die politischen, kulturellen und sozialen Veränderungen in der Gesellschaft, die aus dem demografischen Wandel durch Einwanderung hervorgehen. Wir leben in einer postmigrantischen Gesellschaft, die von den Erfahrungen und Wirkungen des Kommens, Gehens und Bleibens geprägt ist. Die Untersuchung sollte die Gesellschaft auch aus der Perspektive der Migration zeigen, aus der Perspektive ihrer selbst geschaffenen Ränder. Dominante Bilder sollten gebrochen werden, denn eine kritische Migrationsforschung versucht die „unsichtbarsten Politiken des Alltags, des Widerstands wie des Entziehens und des Fliehens in eine neue Erzählung zu bringen und derartige Subjektpositionen, […] der Migration in multipositional situierte Sprecherinnenpositionen zu bringen“ (Römhild, 2014, S. 39). Migration bewegt und bildet Gesellschaft. In der Untersuchung wird von Versuchen der Selbsteingliederung, von organisierten und unorganisierten, spektakulären und unspektakulären alltäglichen Kämpfen und Niederlagen berichtet (Hess, 2014, S. 60). Die vorliegende Arbeit über (vestimentäre) Alltagspraxen bietet einen Einblick in Leiden und Freuden, in Taktiken und Strategien der jugendlichen Flüchtlinge, sich in Deutschland ein Leben zu organisieren.
HPV and Oral Innate Immunity: A Role for E5
Creators: name: Saladyanant, Thatsanee
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Graduate School
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Dentistry
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Virology

description: High (HR) and low-risk (LR) Human Papillomaviruses (HPVs) are known as the causative agents for benign and malignant lesions in the head and neck region. HR-and LR- infections differentially modify signal transduction and host immune responses. Of the HPV oncoproteins, HPVE5 is a small hydrophobic protein whose role is undefined in oral keratinocytes. We hypothesized that HR and LR-HPVE5 proteins differentially impact oral signal transduction, type I interferon responses, and cell differentiation processes. Our long-term goal is to elucidate the mechanisms of HPV integration. We generated pCMV plasmid vectors containing; whole genomes with E5 (HR-HPV16WT) or with E5 deleted (HPV16ΔE5), HPV16E5-tagged, transcribed but un-translated HPV16E5 (in the context of the whole genome or overexpressed), and LR-HPV6E5 genome. All constructs were transfected into oral keratinocytes and human primary foreskin keratinocytes. By growing cells on monolayer system, higher expression of phospho-p38 MAPK, phospho-MEK1/2 and phospho-Erk1/2 proteins were detected with HR-HPV16E5 but not with LR-HPV6E5 over-expression. Phospho-AKT and phospho-JNK levels were not different between HR and LR. The HR-E5 mRNA maintained MAPK activation implying a role for E5 transcripts in MAPK modulation. This effect was diminished in the absence of EGF and in the presence of terminal differentiation. HR-HPV16E5 demonstrated higher interferon promoter activity and ISG expression (ISG54 and 2’5’ OAS) that was inhibited with Cox-2 inhibitor. The HPV16ΔE5 behaved similarly to LR-HPV6E5. HPV16E5 also showed the suppressive effect on E6 splicing. By growing cells in organotypic raft culture, HPV16WT and HPV16E5 induced hyper-proliferation, activated spinous differentiation, and delayed terminal differentiation. HPV16E5 induced higher STAT1, and STAT3 expression compared to HPV6E5. In conclusion, cell proliferation and activation of intracellular immune responses are critical to transformation of oral keratinocytes and subsequent cancer development. HR-HPV16E5 increased MAPK proliferation signals, enhanced type I interferon responses and STAT3, delayed terminal differentiation, enhanced spinous differentiation, and control E6 and E7 expression whereas LR-HPV6E5 and HPV16ΔE5 barely did. In summary, HR-HPV16E5 may be a key facilitator of oncogenic progression in the head and neck region while LR-HPV6E5 is not.
L'usage des simulations numériques dans le développement des compétences expérimentales en cycle 4
Creators: name: Ramos Bacalhau Aldeguer, Anna
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: enseignement
physique-chimie
didactique des sciences
simulation numérique
collège

description: Dans ce travail nous analysons une séquence d’enseignement intégrant simulation numérique et expérience afin de saisir les contributions des simulations pour les compétences expérimentales en physique-chimie.
Decompositions and eigenvectors of Riordan matrices
Creators: name: Cheon, Gi-Sang
name: Cohen, Marshall M.
name: Pantelidis, Nikolaos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 15A18, 13F25, 05A15

description: Riordan matrices are infinite lower triangular matrices determined by a pair of formal power series over the real or complex field. These matrices have been mainly studied as combinatorial objects with an emphasis placed on the algebraic or combinatorial structure. The present paper contributes to the linear algebraic discussion with an analysis of Riordan matrices by means of the interaction of the properties of formal power series with the linear algebra. Specifically, it is shown that if a Riordan matrix $A$ is an $n\times n$ pseudo-involution then the singular values of $A$ must come in reciprocal pairs. Moreover, we give a complete analysis of existence and nonexistence of the eigenvectors of Riordan matrices. This leads to a surprising partition of the group of Riordan matrices into matrices with three different types of eigenvectors. Finally, given a nonzero vector $v$, we investigate the Riordan matrices $A$ that stabilize the vector $v$, t i.e. $Av=v$.
description: 16 pages
Quantitative spatial mapping of distorted state phases during the metal-insulator phase transition for nanoscale VO2 engineering
Creators: name: Ashida, Yuichi
name: Ishibe, Takafumi
name: Yang, Jinfeng
name: Naruse, Nobuyasu
name: Nakamura, Yoshiaki
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Science Policy

description: Vanadium dioxide (VO2) material, known for changing physical properties due to metal-insulator transition (MIT) near room temperature, has been reported to undergo a phase change depending on the strain. This fact can be a significant problem for nanoscale devices in VO2, where the strain field covers a large area fraction, spatially non-uniform, and the amount of strain can vary during the MIT process. Direct measurement of the strain field distribution during MIT is expected to establish a methodology for material phase identification. We have demonstrated the effectiveness of geometric phase analysis (GPA), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy techniques, and transmission electron diffraction (TED). The GPA images show that the nanoregions of interest are under tensile strain conditions of less than 0.4% as well as a compressive strain of about 0.7% (Rutile phase VO2[100] direction), indicating that the origin of the newly emerged TED spots in MIT contains a triclinic phase. This study provides a substantial understanding of the strain-temperature phase diagram and strain engineering strategies for effective phase management of nanoscale VO2.
Collider Tests of (Composite) Diphoton Resonances
Creators: name: Molinaro, Emiliano
name: Sannino, Francesco
name: Vignaroli, Natascia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the Large Hadron Collider sensitivity to new pseudoscalar resonances decaying into diphoton with masses up to scales of few TeVs. We focus on minimal scenarios where the production mechanisms involve either photon or top-mediated gluon fusion, partially motivated by the tantalizing excess around 750 GeV reported by ATLAS and CMS. The two scenarios lead respectively to a narrow and a wide resonance. We first provide a model-independent analysis via effective operators and then introduce minimal models of composite dynamics where the diphoton channel is characterized by their topological sector. The relevant state here is the pseudoscalar associated with the axial anomaly of the new composite dynamics. If the Standard Model top mass is generated via four-fermion operators the coupling of this state to the top remarkably explains the wide-width resonance reported by ATLAS. Beyond the excess, our analysis paves the way to test dynamical electroweak symmetry breaking via topological sectors.
description: 17 pages, 5 figures
Effects of a Single-Session Partner Responsiveness Intervention on Affect Reactivity to Stressors and Perceived Physical Health
Creators: name: Stanton, Sarah C. E.
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Health Psychology
subject: Quantitative Psychology
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Social Psychology
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: physical health
subject: dyadic data
subject: single-session intervention
subject: intimate relationships
subject: partner responsiveness
subject: affect reactivity to stressors
subject: longitudinal

description: Preregistration document (including analytic plan) for this subproject, which involves secondary data analysis of the parent project Diverse Romantic Relationships and Well-Being II (DRRAW II).
Post-saccadic scene perception
Creators: name: Tzu-Yao Chiu
name: Golomb, Julie
name: Choi, Yong Min
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cognitive Psychology
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Cognition and Perception
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: scene perception
subject: spatial frequency
subject: visual perception
subject: saccade
subject: eye movement

description: The contribution of low and high spatial frequency information for post-saccadic perception of a scene (Experiment 3).
Educational reconstruction: African American education in the urban South, 1865-1890
Creators: name: Green, Hilary Nicole
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Year: 2010

description: The central question that I ask in this dissertation is: how did African Americans and their supporters create, develop, and sustain a system of education during the transition from slavery to freedom in Richmond, Virginia and Mobile, Alabama? For newly freed African Americans, education served as a means for distancing themselves from their slave past, for acquiring full access to the rights of American citizenship, and for economic mobility in the immediate aftermath of the Civil War. Unwilling to accept African Americans' claims of citizenship through education and new postwar realities, many local white elites and restored city governments in the urban South opposed African American education. These socioeconomic conditions forced African Americans to seek strategic alliances with both non-local groups supportive of educational attainment, such as the Freedmen's Bureau, Northern missionaries, as well as a few local, sympathetic whites. African Americans' process of building networks to yield education for the largely under and uneducated masses, I argue, amounted to Educational Reconstruction. These relationships were continually negotiated, accommodated, and resisted by all involved as each had a stake in the success and failure of African American education. As in any relationship, power struggles ensued and internal strife sometimes marred the networks. Even as African Americans witnessed a contested terrain concerning African American education globally, nationally, and locally to limit the growth of black education between 1865 and 1890, African Americans experienced educational triumph through two major developments in African American education--the Freedmen's Schools and state-funded public schools. As partners and circumstances changed, this dissertation argues that urban African Americans never lost sight of these aims in their struggle for educational access and legitimacy for the African American schoolhouse. Through Educational Reconstruction, African Americans successfully moved African American education from being a non-entity to a legitimate institution, established a professional class of African-American public school teachers, and ensured the continuation of this educated middle class for future generations.
SINGLE-CELL ANALYSIS OF LIPID ENZYME ACTIVITY USING AUTOMATED CAPILLARY ELECTROPHORESIS
Creators: name: Dickinson, Alexandra
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Graduate School
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biology
Chemistry
Chemistry, Analytic

description: Lipid enzymes play critical roles in regulating the function and behavior of cells. Dysregulation of lipid enzymes is an important factor in a variety of diseases. For instance, sphingosine kinase is a crucial regulator of cell proliferation, survival, and differentiation. Phospholipase C is another key lipid enzyme that modulates proliferation, differentiation, and cytokinesis. Aberrant activity of both enzymes has been implicated in diseases involving the immune system, including leukemic, inflammatory, and autoimmune diseases. However, very little is known about the activity of these enzymes at the single-cell level, although cellular heterogeneity is a characteristic feature of the immune system and of many immune system diseases. In fact, assays typically used to directly measure lipid enzyme activity require bulk cell lysates comprised of thousands of cells. Therefore, the development of a technology capable of measuring lipid enzyme activity in single cells may be essential in further elucidating the role of lipid enzymes in both normal and aberrant immune cell biology. Capillary electrophoresis (CE) is a powerful tool for single-cell analysis, but use of CE for single-cell applications has been limited by low throughput. Typically, the rate of single-cell CE is limited to 1 - 2 cells per hour. This dissertation will describe the development and characterization of a single-cell CE system capable of performing single-cell analysis at rates as high as 3.5 cells/min. The system was used to characterize sphingosine kinase activity in hundreds of tissue-cultured cells derived from myeloid leukemia. Sphingosine kinase activity was additionally analyzed in primary leukemic cells from patients with different types of leukemia, including the deadliest form of leukemia, acute myeloid leukemia. The automated CE system was further used to characterize the sphingosine kinase pathway in primary natural killer cells from healthy subjects. Finally, a method for blocking lipid adsorption to device surfaces was developed to enable coupling of single-cell sphingosine kinase and phospholipase C activity measurements to immunofluorescence microscopy. In addition to the lipid enzyme activity measurements presented in this work, automated single-cell CE has the potential to analyze a variety of biomolecules and cell types for a broad range of biological applications.
Signatures of criticality arise in simple neural population models with correlations
Creators: name: Nonnenmacher, Marcel
name: Behrens, Christian
name: Berens, Philipp
name: Bethge, Matthias
name: Macke, Jakob H
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Large-scale recordings of neuronal activity make it possible to gain insights into the collective activity of neural ensembles. It has been hypothesized that neural populations might be optimized to operate at a 'thermodynamic critical point', and that this property has implications for information processing. Support for this notion has come from a series of studies which identified statistical signatures of criticality in the ensemble activity of retinal ganglion cells. What are the underlying mechanisms that give rise to these observations? Here we show that signatures of criticality arise even in simple feed-forward models of retinal population activity. In particular, they occur whenever neural population data exhibits correlations, and is randomly sub-sampled during data analysis. These results show that signatures of criticality are not necessarily indicative of an optimized coding strategy, and challenge the utility of analysis approaches based on equilibrium thermodynamics for understanding partially observed biological systems.
description: 36 pages, LaTeX; added journal reference on page 1, added link to code repository
A Ranking of Sport Administration Master’s Degree Programs in the United States
Creators: name: Baker, Marie Enett
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: This study was generated to facilitate prospective students seeking a Master’s degree in the sport administration field. The field has expanded rapidly since its inception to academia in 1966, now encompassing over 200 programs nationwide. With this growth arose criticism and doubts from academic peers. Conducting research via faculty at sport management programs throughout the country, this study provides a detailed analysis of the academic field. Specifically, this study evaluates the curricula, academics, admissions and faculty resources in sport management and examines the relationships amongst the variables; thereby, supplying prospective students with the appropriate knowledge to evaluate a given sport management graduate program.
On mean curvature flow with forcing
Creators: name: Kim, Inwon
name: Kwon, Dohyun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper investigates geometric properties and well-posedness of a mean curvature flow with volume-dependent forcing. With the class of forcing which bounds the volume of the evolving set away from zero and infinity, we show that a strong version of star-shapedness is preserved over time. More precisely, it is shown that the flow preserves the $ρ$-reflection property, which corresponds to a quantitative Lipschitz property of the set with respect to the nearest ball. Based on this property we show that the problem is well-posed and its solutions starting with $ρ$-reflection property become instantly smooth. Lastly, for a model problem, we will discuss the flow's exponential convergence to the unique equilibrium in Hausdorff topology. For the analysis, we adopt the approach developed in [Kim-Feldman, 2014] to combine viscosity solutions approach and variational method. The main challenge lies in the lack of comparison principle, which accompanies forcing terms that penalize small volume.
Possibility to detect the bound state of the Heisenberg ferromagnetic chain at intermediate temperature
Creators: name: Nayak, Mithilesh
name: Mila, Frédéric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by the lack of direct evidence with inelastic neutron scattering of the well documented bound state of Heisenberg ferromagnets, we use the time-dependent Thermal Density Matrix Renormalization Group algorithm to study the temperature dependence of the dynamical spin structure factor of Heisenberg ferromagnetic spin chains. For spin-1/2, we show that the bound state appears as a well defined excitation with significant spectral weight in the temperature range $J/12 \lesssim T \lesssim J/3$, pointing to the possibility of detecting it with inelastic neutron scattering near $k=π$ provided the temperature is neither too low nor too high - at low temperature, the spectral weight only grows as $T^{3/2}$, and at high temperature the bound state peak merges with the two-magnon continuum. For spin-1, the situation is more subtle because the bound state with two neighboring spin flips competes with an anti-bound state with two spin-flips on the same site. As a consequence, the relative spectral weight of the bound state is smaller than for spin-1/2, and a weak resonance due to the anti-bound state appears in the continuum. A clearer signature of the bound state (resp. anti-bound state) can be obtained if a negative (resp. positive) biquadratic interaction is present.
description: 18 figures, 17 pages
Functional characterization of minicolumnar patterns in the somatosensory cortex
Creators: name: Chiu, Joannellyn
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2006

description: In the somatosensory cortex, minicolumns have previously been shown to not only be cortical structures, but to be functional entities as well. However, research of their functional role in cortical information processing has been limited. The main focus of the research in this manuscript was to assess and quantify the information processing role of the minicolumn in the evoked cortical response. More specifically, the evoked minicolumnar spatial pattern in SI in a number of stimulus conditions is evaluated. Differences in evoked minicolumnar spatial patterns were examined by evaluation of the change in the stimulus parameters, such as stimulus site location, amplitude, and frequency, needed to evoke a just noticeable difference in the evoked minicolumnar spatial pattern. Through the use of OIS imaging techniques, OIS images for both in vitro and in vivo assays were collected and analyzed. Data analyses revealed that evoked minicolumnar spatial patterns in SI and the sensorimotor cortical slice do contain information that can be correlated to stimulus conditions, and these evoked minicolumnar patterns are time-dependent, stimulus specific, and reproducible.
On the natural history of preaspirated stops
Creators: name: Clayton, Ian D.
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Year: 2010

description: This dissertation makes two contributions, one empirical, the other theoretical. Empirically, the dissertation deepens our understanding of the lifecycle and behavior of the preaspirated stop, an extremely rare phonological feature. I show that in most confirmed cases, preaspirated stops develop from earlier voiceless geminate stops, less commonly from nasal-voiceless stop clusters. When decaying, preaspirated stops typically develop into unaspirated voiceless stops, or undergo buccalization to become preaffricated. More rarely, decaying preaspirated stops may trigger tonogenesis, or undergo spirantization or nasalization. Phonologically, preaspirated stops usually function as positionally conditioned allophones of underlying aspirated voiceless stops contrasting with voiceless unaspirated stops. The dissertation tests three theoretical frameworks. First, the State-Process model claims that the synchronic distribution of linguistic features offers insight into their rates of innovation and transmission. Conventionally, the rarity of preaspirated stops is attributed to a presumed low rate of transmission: they are rare because they are hard to hear. However, the geographic and genetic distribution of preaspirated stops fit the State-Process model's prototype of an infrequently innovated but robustly transmitted linguistic feature. Further, I show experimentally that preaspirated stops are no more difficult to distinguish from unaspirated stops than are much more abundant postaspirated stops. Second, the dissertation tests the success of two models, one cognitive, the other phonetic/diachronic, at accounting for two place-based asymmetries in Scottish Gaelic preaspiration. Whereas a conventional Optimality-Theoretic analysis of these asymmetries overgenerates, an analysis modified via Steriade's P-map Hypothesis resolves this overgeneration. The P-map analysis depends on congruent perceptual scales, which the perception experiment (above) confirms: participants' confusion rates closely match the place-based asymmetries observed in Gaelic. The competing innocent misperception model depends on the presence of phonetic precursors to produce an ambiguous phonological signal, which listeners may interpret differently than intended by the speaker, leading to an alteration in a segment's underlying form. A series of production experiments identifies potential precursors, but also reveals between-speaker variation more compatible with the P-map account than innocent misperception, again lending support to Steriade's hypothesis.
Generalized concurrence in boson sampling
Creators: name: Chin, Seungbeom
name: Huh, Joonsuk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A fundamental question in linear optical quantum computing is to understand the origin of the quantum supremacy in the physical system. It is found that the multimode linear optical transition amplitudes are calculated through the permanents of transition operator matrices, which is a hard problem for classical simulations (boson sampling problem). We can understand this problem by considering a quantum measure that directly determines the runtime for computing the transition amplitudes. In this paper, we suggest a quantum measure named "Fock state concurrence sum" $C_S$, which is the summation over all the members of "the generalized Fock state concurrence" (a measure analogous to the generalized concurrences of entanglement and coherence). By introducing generalized algorithms for computing the transition amplitudes of the Fock state boson sampling with an arbitrary number of photons per mode, we show that the minimal classical runtime for all the known algorithms directly depends on $C_S$. Therefore, we can state that \emph{the Fock state concurrence sum $C_S$ behaves as a collective measure that controls the computational complexity of Fock state BS}. We expect that our observation on the role of the Fock state concurrence in the generalized algorithm for permanents would provide a unified viewpoint to interpret the quantum computing power of linear optics.
description: 11 pages, 1 figure
人类消化道蛋白质组表达谱研究：结直肠癌腺瘤腺癌的DIA-MS分析
Creators: name: 闫克强(Yan)
Publisher: name: CNGB
Year: 2021
Subjects: Proteome
Monoisolate

description: 本研究利用DIA蛋白质组方法对结肠癌患者的癌旁、腺瘤以及腺癌三类组织样本进行蛋白质组定量水平研究。
On perfect codes that do not contain Preparata-like codes
Creators: name: Krotov, Denis S.
name: Vasil'eva, Anastasia Yu.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 94B25

description: We show that for every length of form $4^k-1$, there exists a binary $1$-perfect code that does not include any Preparata-like code.
description: Eng. 4pp + Rus. 5pp. v.2: English translation added. v.3: accepted version (minor revision, more explanations in some places)
Progress towards the design and synthesis of novel anti-tumor neo-tanshinlactone analogues
Creators: name: Brattlie, Joshua
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Year: 2014

description: The goals of this research are to design and synthesize novel neo-tanshinlactone analogues utilizing bioisosterism and molecular modification, and to evaluate their bioactivity as anti-breast cancer agents. It has been shown that neo-tanshinlactone (1) and several of its analogues retain potent and selective in vitro anti- breast cancer activity. Previous research on neo-tanshinlactone focused on designing a more efficient synthetic route to synthesize 4-ethyl neo-tanshinlactone (2). This improved route was utilized to design and synthesize new compounds to elucidate structure-activity relationships (SAR) of 1. Previously designed novel analogues of 1 also revolved around the systematic breakdown of its individual rings. In this continuing study, we designed three target scaffolds (A, B, and C), and three target compounds (13, 14, and 15), based on 1 and 2 to study the effects of bioisosterism and ring size on bioactivity. Each scaffold systematically replaces a specific, and different, oxygen atom with a nitrogen atom. We have successfully synthesized two (13 and 14) target compounds, and progress has been made towards the synthesis of the third (15). Compound 13, in which the naphthalene ring system of neo-tanshinlactone has been replaced by an indole ring system, has been tested for cytotoxicity against seven cancer cell lines and has exhibited a decrease in potency and selectivity in comparison to 1 and 2.
Higher Auslander correspondence for dualizing $R$-varieties
Creators: name: Iyama, Osamu
name: Jasso, Gustavo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 16G10 (primary), 18A25 (secondary)

description: Let $R$ be a commutative artinian ring. We extend higher Auslander correspondence from Artin $R$-algebras of finite representation type to dualizing $R$-varieties. More precisely, for a positive integer $d$, we show that a dualizing $R$-variety is $d$-abelian if and only if it is a $d$-Auslander dualizing $R$-variety if and only if it is equivalent to a $d$-cluster-tilting subcategory of the category of finitely presented modules over a dualizing $R$-variety.
description: 18 pages. Note the change in the title and the change of terminology from 'homological d-cluster-tilting subcategory' to 'dZ-cluster-tilting subcategory'
Program Evaluation of a Pilot Type-1 Diabetes Nutrition Education Intervention at Peking University People's Hospital in Beijing, China
Creators: name: Lyu, Jennifer
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: This study is a program evaluation of a pilot nutrition education intervention at a type-1 diabetes clinic in Peking University People’s Hospital. The study aimed to assess three measures of nutrition knowledge (basics of healthy diet, food labels, and carbohydrate counting) pre- and post-intervention using two nutrition education surveys.  The study also aimed to use quantitative and qualitative methods to gain patient feedback in order to inform future steps for the intervention. Descriptively, there was an improving trend in all three measures of nutrition knowledge post-intervention, however there was only statistical significance in the difference in scores for “Healthy Diet” and “Carbohydrate Counting” questions.  The study also found great variation in baseline nutrition knowledge among patients, which suggests a need for modifications to the intervention to better match educational resources to patient’s baseline knowledge. Future modifications should also include collection of HbA1c post-intervention to assess physiological applicability of the intervention.
Correlação de achados cito-histológicos em pacientes com carcinossarcoma
Creators: name: Fava, A
Publisher: name: Citotech Online - Case Review
Year: 2023

description: O presente estudo descreve o caso de uma mulher de 74 anos, cujos únicos dados clínicos eram a suspeita de carcinossarcoma. Foram realizadas e enviadas para estudo laboratorial uma citologia esfoliativa e uma biópsia endometrial. A citologia mostrou células atípicas com arranjo em grupos morulares, vacuolização citoplasmática e pleomorfismo nuclear marcado. Na avaliação histológica da biópsia foram encontradas alterações morfológicas semelhantes. O estudo imunohistoquímico mostrou resultados positivos para Citokeratina 7, PAX 8, Vimentina, CD10, Desmina e p53. Assim, os achados citológicos, histológicos e imunohistoquímicos revelaram-se compatíveis com o diagnóstico de carcinossarcoma (tumor Mülleriano misto maligno). Esta neoplasia rara geralmente ocorre em mulheres em pós-menopausa, causando hemorragias frequentes e dor abdominal. O tratamento mais indicado inclui a quimioterapia e a histerectomia radical.
description: Citotech Online - Case Review, N.º 7 (2022)
Tumor de células pequenas, redondas e azuis do pulmão: o desafio
Creators: name: Dos Santos, J
name: Teixeira, C
name: Amaro, T
Publisher: name: Citotech Online - Case Review
Year: 2023

description: O carcinoma de células pequenas do pulmão é um tumor neuroendócrino de alto grau que corresponde a cerca de 10-15% dos casos de cancro do pulmão. É de crescimento rápido e agressivo, surge predominantemente no hilo de doentes fumadores e tem mau prognóstico. Apesar das características citológicas desta entidade estarem bem descritas, pode ser um desafio distingui-la de outras neoplasias no exame citológico e esta distinção tem importância clínica significativa. Apresentamos o caso de um homem de 70 anos com uma lesão endobrônquica e conglomerados adenopáticos infracarinais. Na citologia em meio líquido (lavado e escovado brônquico) foi diagnosticado carcinoma de células pequenas, com recurso a estudo imunocitoquímico. O doente foi submetido a quimioterapia, radioterapia e corticoterapia, encontrando-se com metástases à distância e franca degradação do estado geral.
description: Citotech Online - Case Review, N.º 7 (2022)
Citologia aplicada à área animal: fibroadenoma em gata, discussão de um caso clínico
Creators: name: Eliseu, C
name: Murça, I
name: Simões, I
name: Cassali, G
name: Sousa, V
name: Agapito, P
Publisher: name: Citotech Online - Case Review
Year: 2023

description: Semelhanças biológicas, genéticas, histopatológicas, moleculares e morfológicas têm sido estabelecidas entre tumores humanos e neoplasias espontâneas em animais de estimação. Como tal, neoplasias espontâneas em animais de companhia têm sido reconhecidas como vantajosas para o estudo da oncobiologia comparada. Embora seja difícil estimar a sua prevalência e incidência, sabe-se que tumores mamários são o tipo de neoplasia mais frequente em cadelas e o terceiro grupo mais frequente em gatas. Neste artigo é apresentado um caso clínico de um nódulo mamário, de uma gata de 8 anos de idade e cujo esfregaço citológico, corado pelo método de Giemsa, revelou a presença de conjuntos de células ductais, dispostas em monocamada e com ligeira atipia, raras células mioepiteliais, macrófagos e fundo com alguma serosidade associada. O objetivo deste trabalho consiste na partilha de informação referente à área animal, salientando o carácter de transversalidade da citologia, com a apresentação de um caso clínico e correlação entre a sua citologia e histologia. O resultado citológico atribuído foi de fibroadenoma, no entanto, a histologia revelou tratar-se de um tumor filóide.
description: Citotech Online - Case Review, N.º 7 (2022)