cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Ab initio complex band structure of conjugated polymers: Effects of hydrid DFT and GW schemes
Creators: name: Ferretti, Andrea
name: Mallia, Giuseppe
name: Martin-Samos, Layla
name: Bussi, Giovanni
name: Ruini, Alice
name: Montanari, Barbara
name: Harrison, Nicholas M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The non-resonant tunneling regime for charge transfer across nanojunctions is critically dependent on the so-called β parameter, governing the exponential decay of the current as the length of the junction increases. For periodic materials, this parameter can be theoretically evaluated by computing the complex band structure (CBS) -- or evanescent states -- of the material forming the tunneling junction. In this work we present the calculation of the CBS for organic polymers using a variety of computational schemes, including standard local, semilocal, and hybrid-exchange density functionals, and many-body perturbation theory within the GW approximation. We compare the description of localization and β parameters among the adopted methods and with experimental data. We show that local and semilocal density functionals systematically underestimate the β parameter, while hybrid-exchange schemes partially correct for this discrepancy, resulting in a much better agreement with GW calculations and experiments. Self-consistency effects and self-energy representation issues of the GW corrections are discussed together with the use of Wannier functions to interpolate the electronic band-structure.
description: Accepted for publication on Physical Review B v2: fixed some typos
Accessing the Interiors of Late Medieval Poetry through Immersive Performance Creation
Creators: name: Christoffersen, Tia Jean
Publisher: name: Arts
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Immersive Performance
subject: Performance Studies
subject: Practice-based Research
subject: Theater

description: My graduate thesis considers both how textual immersion functions in the Middle English poem Sir Gawain and the Green Knight and how adapting sections of the poem to immersive performances can transform the audience’s perception, understanding, and experience of the text. Examining textually immersive environments—which are characterized by literary works' provocation of the senses—in late medieval literature offers insight into how mentally immersive scenes endeavour to realize various objectives, such as promoting ideals of toxic masculinity. Utilizing Sir Gawain and the Green Knight as a case study, my research then examines how audience engagement can be maximized through a variety of immersive strategies. I implement Practice as Research (PaR) methodologies to undergo a series of four performance experiments that place a small audience within textually immersive sections of the poem. These performative applications deploy visual, aural, and tactile immersive techniques to involve the audience more deeply and viscerally in the work, thereby evoking individualized affective responses and interpretations. Audience surveys and focus groups are used to gauge the effects of the performances, and the analysis of these post-performance responses determine how each immersive experiment impacted the audience members’ engagement with the poem.
Parity and reality properties of the EPRL spinfoam
Creators: name: Neiman, Yasha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the parity behavior of the Lorentzian EPRL spinfoam model. We demonstrate that the vertex amplitude does not depend on the sign of the Immirzi parameter. We present numerical results for the transition amplitude and the graviton propagator in the large-spin 4-simplex approximation. The results suggest a simple relation between the contributions of the two parity-related critical points. Finally, we observe that the graviton propagator is not invariant under parity-odd permutations of equivalent nodes. Thus, the Lorentzian model has the same chirality problem as the Euclidean.
description: 24 pages, 2 figures; Python code included in ancillary files; v3: added figures and elaborated some of the arguments
Masters of Controlled Chaos: Antifragility and American Space Strategy, 1953-1963
Creators: name: Brust, Carter
Publisher: name: Arts
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Race
subject: Cold War
subject: Antifragility
subject: Economics--History

description: In 1957, the launch of Sputnik fundamentally altered the existing Cold War dynamic. The Soviet Union, a country left in tatters in 1945, had caught the most powerful nation in the world off guard. Despite this initial success by the Soviet Union, it was ultimately Americans who would go on to plant their nation’s flag on the moon. Why was this? How were the Americans able to come from behind in the Space Race? In order to answer these questions, this thesis considers how crisis shaped and influenced the ability of the United States to build institutional virility and refocus its strategy between 1953 and 1963. While individual events such as the launch of Sputnik and the Cuban Missile Crisis have been considered in-depth by established Cold War scholars, the wider relationship between crisis and strategy in the early Cold War has not yet been considered to the same extent. This thesis argues that the decisions made by key policy makers contributed to the building and maintenance of an antifragile system, leading to long-term strategic viability and allowing the United States to pursue a moonshot. In doing so, this analysis will also demonstrate the American capacity for agility, power conversion, and learning in response to crisis, shocks, and stressors during this period. Furthermore, it shows how antifragility was built and maintained during the administrations of Dwight D. Eisenhower and John F. Kennedy. It considers change and continuity between the two presidents both in how these leaders viewed and responded to crisis. The thesis concludes with an examination of the transformative nature of the Space Race as well as implications surrounding state antifragility. Exploration into the connection between crisis, leadership, and strategy in the past can provide useful tools for present day policy makers and assist in ongoing strategic synthesis.
Automated Bug Severity Prediction using Source Code Metrics, Static Analysis, and Code Representation
Creators: name: Mashhadi, Ehsan
Publisher: name: Schulich School of Engineering
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence
subject: Computer Science

description: In the past couple of decades, significant research efforts are devoted to the prediction of software bugs. However, most existing work in this domain treats all bugs the same, which is not the case in practice. It is important for a defect prediction method to estimate the severity of the identified bugs so that the higher severity ones get immediate attention. In this thesis, we provide a quantitative and qualitative study on two popular datasets (Defects4J and Bugs.jar), using 10 common source code metrics, and also two popular static analysis tools (SpotBugs and Infer) for analyzing their capability in predicting defects and their severity. We studied 3,358 buggy methods with different severity labels from 19 Java open-source projects. Results show that although code metrics are powerful in predicting buggy code, they cannot estimate the severity level of the bugs. In addition, we observed that static analysis tools have weak performance in both predicting bugs (F1 score range of 3.1%-7.1%) and their severity label (F1 score under 2%). We also manually studied the characteristics of the severe bugs to identify possible reasons behind the weak performance of code metrics and static analysis tools. Also, our categorization shows that Security bugs have high severity in most cases while Edge/Boundary faults have low severity. Furthermore, we show that code metrics and static analysis methods can be complementary in terms of estimating bug severity. For finding the effectiveness of machine learning models in predicting bug severity, we train 8 different models on code metrics only as a baseline and evaluate them based on different evaluation metrics. The overall result was not promising, but the Decision Tree and Random Forest models have better results. Then, we leveraged the pre-trained CodeBERT model to use code representation by feeding the source code input only, and the results improved significantly in the range of 29%-140% for different metrics. We also integrated code metrics into the CodeBERT model by providing two architectures named ConcatInline and ConcatCLS which enhance the CodeBERT model efficacy.
Local brilliance : the attraction-retention of the UBC Okanagan Campus graduates in Kelowna
Creators: name: Talbott, Emma Marie
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: One of the many challenges faced by recent graduates is finding a job. The problem becomes increasingly difficult in small and medium sized cities (cities possessing a population of fewer than 700,000 people). This study focuses on the challenges and barriers students who have recently graduated face in both one of Canada's most expensive housing markets and a city where there is an aging demographic. In addition, this study explores possible incentives for keeping the younger educated demographic in Kelowna following graduation. Data for this study were obtained from questionnaire surveys administered to both final-year students (those that graduated in June 2011 from the University of British Columbia Okanagan Campus) and all past students (alumni that graduated from the UBC Okanagan Campus from 2006 to 2010) in which 48 final-year students and 42 alumni participated. The questionnaire surveys focussed on the respondents' desire to either remain in or leave Kelowna following graduation and what factors encouraged these decisions. Supplementary data were acquired from 10 structured key informant interviews in Kelowna which assessed the aging population of the city and programs aimed to assist recent graduates or youth. Results from the case study indicate the majority of graduates from the UBC Okanagan Campus do leave Kelowna after graduation. Graduates had a variety of reasons for leaving Kelowna, and the majority cited a severe lack of jobs within their chosen career field. Respondents sought opportunities in other cities to gain workplace experience, well-paid jobs and have the affordable housing that Kelowna does not possess. This study expands on existing literature by emphasizing the importance of young adults in a growing city and the need for a population mix. This case study reveals that students who have recently graduated experience a multitude of factors when determining where to reside and work following graduation. Recommendations from this study suggest a need for increased social assistance in career services offered by the UBC Okanagan Campus, more affordable housing, and the need for a mixed population and more culturally diverse community.
Two-band superconductors: Hidden criticality deep in the superconducting state
Creators: name: Komendová, L.
name: Chen, Yajiang
name: Shanenko, A. A.
name: Milošević, M. V.
name: Peeters, F. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that two-band superconductors harbor hidden criticality deep in the superconducting state, stemming from the critical temperature of the weaker band taken as an independent system. For sufficiently small interband coupling $γ$ the coherence length of the weaker band exhibits a remarkable deviation from the conventional monotonic increase with temperature, namely, a pronounced peak close to the hidden critical point. The magnitude of the peak scales proportionally to γ^(-μ), with the Landau critical exponent μ= 1/3, the same as found for the mean-field critical behavior with respect to the source field in ferromagnets and ferroelectrics. Here reported hidden criticality of multi-band superconductors can be experimentally observed by, e.g., imaging of the variations of the vortex core in a broader temperature range. Similar effects are expected for the superconducting multilayers.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures, Supplementary material included. Accepted for publication in PRL
Application of Transformers in Software Test Case Prioritization
Creators: name: Jabbar, Emad
Publisher: name: Schulich School of Engineering
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering
subject: Machine Learning
subject: Test Case Prioritization
subject: Transformers
subject: Artificial Intelligence
subject: Computer Science

description: Most automated software testing tasks can benefit from the abstract representation of test cases. Traditionally, this is done by encoding test cases based on their code coverage. Specification-level criteria can replace code coverage to better represent test cases’ behavior, but they are often not cost-effective. In this paper, we hypothesize that execution traces of the test cases can be a good alternative to abstract their behavior for automated testing tasks. We propose a transformer-based embedding approach, Transformer Test2Vec, that maps test execution traces to a latent space. We evaluate this representation in the test case prioritization (TP) task. Our default TP method is based on the similarity of the embedded vectors to historical failing test vectors. We also study an alternative based on the diversity of test vectors. Finally, we propose a method to decide which TP to choose, for a given test suite. The experiment is based on several real and seeded faults with over a million execution traces. Results show that our proposed TP improves the best embedding alternative by 40.62% in terms of the median normalized rank of the first failing test case (FFR). It outperforms traditional code coverage-based approaches by 20.72% and 72.59% in terms of median APFD and median normalized FFR.
Tropical infections in a hospital in Mexico City: Diagnostic challenge in not endemic areas
Creators: name: Celedonio Gómez Muñoz M.D.
name: Amairani Tovar García M.D.
name: Rafael Figueroa Moreno M.D.
name: Ricardo Valdés Castro M.D.
name: Yunuen García Rodríguez M.D.
name: Juan Pablo Ramírez Hinojosa M.D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Background
Leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease that affects both humans and animals, their clinical manifestations differ in terms of clinical presentation and prognosis and are caused by flagellated protozoans of the genus Leishmania, the mosquito of the Psycodidae family acting as the main vector. There are three main forms of the disease: visceral, cutaneous, and mucocutaneous. We present 2 laboratory confirmed cases of the Localized Cutaneous form, both with a history of
having traveled to Quintana Roo, who presented the typical lesions of the disease and traveled to Mexico City for management and treatment. Both were treated with meglumine antimoniate, presenting clinical improvement without complications.
 
Keywords: Leishmaniasis, infectious diseases.
Partition functions of higher spin black holes and their CFT duals
Creators: name: Kraus, Per
name: Perlmutter, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We find black hole solutions of D=3 higher-spin gravity in the hs[λ] + hs[λ] Chern-Simons formulation. These solutions have a spin-3 chemical potential, and carry nonzero values for an infinite number of charges of the asymptotic W_{\infty}[λ] symmetry. Applying a previously developed set of rules for ensuring smooth solutions, we compute the black hole partition function perturbatively in the chemical potential. At λ=0, 1 we compare our result against boundary CFT computations involving free bosons and fermions, and find perfect agreement. For generic λ we expect that our gravity result will match the partition function of the coset CFTs conjectured by Gaberdiel and Gopakumar to be dual to these bulk theories.
description: 28 pages; v2, added ref
Heat Transfer and Hydrodynamics of Miscible/Immiscible Systems in Microchannel Devices
Creators: name: Soleimani, Rasa
Publisher: name: Schulich School of Engineering
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Heat and Mass Transfer
subject: Nanofluid Flow
subject: Microchannel Devices
subject: Hydrodynamic Instability
subject: Fluid and Plasma
subject: Engineering--Chemical
subject: Engineering--Petroleum

description: Electronic devices have been and still are inseparable parts of our lives, such as computers, TVs, air conditioners and gaming consoles. It is expected that in the near future, the heat flux dissipated from integrated circuits and other electronic devices increase significantly. Hence, efficient solutions need to be proposed to prevent the abovementioned problems and provide efficient cooling. Regarding the geometrical design of the cooling system, amongst various methods to improve the rate of heat transfer, the use of microchannel devices has proven to be the most effective way. On the other hand, and especially with the advent of new technologies and the requirement for big-data analysis and parallel computing, high-computational-power-demanding devices such as GPU (Graphical Processing Unit)-based computers require proper coolants with high thermal conductivities. Furthermore, while it has been proven that multiphase flows can lead to better heat transfer enhancement, most studies in the literature on flow in microchannels are on single-phase flows. In this research, and with a focus on the microchannel devices, the heat transfer enhancement and the associated hydrodynamics for both the single-phase/miscible and multiphase/immiscible systems have been studied. This work starts with the effect of the nanoparticles (NPs) on heat transfer enhancement in microchannel devices. The NPs non-homogeneous distribution and their impact on the heat removal and the friction factor has been studied and analyzed. Furthermore, and with focusing on immiscible systems, the heat transfer and hydrodynamics of the non-isothermal immiscible Rayleigh-Taylor instability (RTI), and immiscible slug flow based microchannels have been investigated in two sub-sections. In the first sub-section, it has been shown that thermocapillary effect can have a significant effect on the evolution of the instability, and results in its suppression. In the second sub-section, the results show that the immiscible slug flow-based systems systematically have higher heat removal performance compared to the similar single-phase/miscible systems. The effect of a modified flow configuration, namely the alternating slug injection on heat transfer enhancement has been studied and analyzed in this sub-section.
Numerical Modelling of Complex Marine Flows in the Framework of the Variational Multi-Scale Method
Creators: name: Bayram, Ahmed
Publisher: name: Schulich School of Engineering
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computational Fluid Dynamics
subject: Turbulence
subject: Variational Multi-Scale
subject: Multi-Phase
subject: Multi-Fluid
subject: Finite Element
subject: Level-Set
subject: Cavitation
subject: Hydrokinetic Turbines
subject: Marine Propellers
subject: Engineering

description: There has been an increasing usage of fossil energy due to our current way of life. This has led to our late realization of major problems such as global warming and the inevitable depletion of our fossil energy resources which has pushed the world to direct its attention towards renewable energy resources such as wind and tidal energy. Since our planet is mostly covered in water, there are many opportunities for exploring the great potential of tidal energy as a renewable energy resource. In an attempt to cope with these developments, the work presented in this thesis is intended to provide high-fidelity computational tools which are capable of modelling complex flow phenomena in the marine engineering sector. Such computational tools can help engineers create better designs and push the boundaries of the current state-of-the-art technology. In this thesis, we provide a numerical formulation capable of modelling pure-hydrodynamic flows, multi-phase flows and multi-fluid flows over complex marine devices. The set of equations governing our multi-phase, multi-fluid flow consists of the Navier\textendash Stokes equations together with a transport equation governing the water-vapor volume fraction in the computational domain, and a conservation equation of a geometric function, namely, the signed-distance-function describing the air-water interface in the context of the level-set method. For applications on moving marine devices, we adopt an Arbitrary-Lagrangian-Eulerian (ALE) description of the continuum where domain motions occur independently of the fluid flow. Moreover, the variational multi-scale method (VMS) is used for turbulence modelling resulting in the so-called ALE-VMS formulation. The formulation is first used for investigating the performance of vertical-axis hydrokinetic turbines installed in in-line arrays in a pure hydrodynamic flow. Second, multi-fluid flow simulations are performed to investigate the effects of the free-surface phenomenon on the performance of hydrokinetic turbines with the aid of the level-set method. Third, the multi-phase modelling capabilities are validated against challenging benchmark problems, namely, the cavitating flow over hemispherical fore-bodies, and the cavitating flow over the INSEAN-E779A marine propeller. As a proof of concept, the stability of the numerical solver is tested in a simulation of a hydrokinetic turbine under severe cavitation conditions. Our results show robustness of the presented formulation over a range of complex applications.
ADVANCED STUDIES ON GAMMA BLINDNESS, HIGH RESOLUTION HYBRID MASS ALPHA STPECTROSCOPY/EXTRACTION AND NEUTRON DETECTION WITH CTMFDS
Creators: name: Harabagiu, Catalin A
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2023
Subjects: Other engineering not elsewhere classified

description: The primary focus of this thesis pertains to R&D results associated with deploying tensioned metastable fluid detector (TMFD) technology for monitoring of spent nuclear fuel (SNF) for actinide content from their neutron emissions while under extreme photon backgrounds (> 150 Gy/h), as may be expected within a hotcell. Traditional state-of-the-art neutron detectors such as 3He and BF3 based systems are well-known to be dysfunctional under such conditions, despite having pulse-shaped discrimination capabilities that allow them to differentiate photons vs. neutrons. The aim of this thesis was to test the ‘gamma blind’ ability of the centrifugally tensioned metastable fluid detector (CTMFD) based system, to monitor for actinide generated neutrons despite the anticipated high intensity gamma background, a goal which was successfully accomplished. Methods, designs, and experimental procedures are discussed for successful neutron monitoring from an Americium-Beryllium neutron source, as well as results showing no hindrance to neutron detection capability at modest negative pressure states through 150 Gy (15 kRad) accumulated gamma dose. A secondary focus was the ability of the TMFD based systems to perform alpha spectroscopy on closely separated (<10 keV) alpha particle emissions from 239Pu and 240Pu isotopes. Due to the closely spearated alpha decay energies, this feat could previously only be perfromed by tedious and expensive mass-spectrometry based systems. Instead, a wet chemistry apporach for detecting trace (? 10−3 Bq/mL) quantity alpha radiation with high alpha energy resolution (<10 keV) was developed and validated using the CTMFD system. Using this technique, mixtures containing samples of 239Pu:240Pu with activity concentrations ranging in ratio from 1:0 to 0:1 were able to be identified within ±12% accuracy. Lastly, successful assessments were conducted for detecting neutron emissions from a 1 Ci Plutonium-Beryllium source under a variety of shielded configurations using a CTMFD and a 3He based Ludlum 42-49BTM detector. Concrete, lead, and water shielding materials of thicknesses ranging from 0 to ?30 cm were placed as shielding material, with the CTMFD configured only for fast energy neutron detection. Monte Carlo N-Particle Transport (MCNP) code-based simulations were performed for derivation of the neutron energy spectrum incident on the detectors to compute sensitivity estimates. At 0.6 MPa (6 bar) negative pressure, the CTMFD was determined to offer up to 7 times higher sensitivity vs the Ludlum 42-49B, though further increasing the negative pressure state to 1.1 MPA (11 bar) exponentially increases the sensitivity to offer 100+ times higher sensitivity for the CTMFD vs the Ludlum 42-49B.
Access NASA Data Like the Pros
Creators: name: Elizabeth R. Joyner
name: James Acker
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Earth Science Data
NASA
Earth Science Data Systems
Giovanni
Girls Day School Trust

description: On 12/6/2023, Dr. Jim Acker and Elizabeth Joyner present to 13 schools affiliated with the UK's Girls Day School Trust who are participating in A-Level Computer Science.  
Goals:

Provide overview of NASA Earth Science Data Systems and careers

Example of Google Colab Notebook
Introduce the learners to Giovanni 
Model how to find and access MERRA-2 Reanalysis data for Washington DC

shortwave radiation 
leaf area index
Agenda:

Introductions
Modern Geoscientist at NASA
Where do you find data? Introductions to NASA Data
Giovanni Overview and Workflow

Compare to My NASA Data tool
Make Time-Averaged Maps 
Make Time-Series plots 
Export at CSV
Where to Go Next
Questions and Answers
description: Presenter's Contact Information

Dr. James Acker, james.g.acker@nasa.gov, he/him, NASA Goddard Earth Sciences Data and Information Services Center (GES DISC) (ADNET Systems Inc.)
Elizabeth Joyner, elizabeth.r.joyner@nasa.gov, she/her, Earth Science Data Systems (SSAI)
description: Presentation Resources
These materials were presented to participants:

Presentation: coming soon
Datasets:

Giovanni 

Solar Shortwave Radiation - Surface net downward shortwave flux

MERRA-2, monthly
Transpiration

NLDAS, monthly
Mentimeter Survey Access 

Go to www.menti.com, Enter the code: 4462 2280 (Link will expire after 15 days)
Additional Resources:

To learn more about remote sensing in advance of our workshop, we encourage you to check out the ARSET training: 'Fundamentals of Remote Sensing"
Here in the Big Unknown, After All the Deaths and Departures: Exploring Place Attachment and Memory
Creators: name: Forouzan Pour, Seyedeh Melika
Publisher: name: Arts
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Place attachment
subject: Memory
subject: Painting
subject: Printmaking
subject: Family photographs
subject: Archive
subject: Belonging
subject: Fine Arts

description: By applying a research-creation methodology, this paper contextualizes the experiences of disconnection and relocation of a newcomer immigrant artist who attempts to build a connection to their new living place of Calgary by referring to the past. In this investigation I explore the influence of place in shaping emotions, experiences, a sense of belonging, and social identity. This paper highlights how I am informed by theories of place and memory within my autoethnographic artistic practice. I discuss how I use printmaking and painting to incorporate archival and contemporary photos within this work. My paintings, Here in the big unknown, use the specific characteristics of a place to generate and revive memories and investigate a sense of belonging and identity. My prints, After all the deaths and departures, show how family photographs assist us in anchoring our memories by acting as a reminder to bring the past into the present, in order to tie us to our social groups and to the places we have left. I indicate how social relationships and interaction with places contribute to a sense of connection and belonging to a place by bringing together individual and shared memories of a community.
Planetary Nebulae Detected in the Spitzer Space Telescope GLIMPSE 3D Legacy Survey
Creators: name: Zhang, Yong
name: Hsia, Chih-Hao
name: Kwok, Sun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We used the data from the Spitzer Legacy Infrared Mid-Plane Survey Extraordinaire (GLIMPSE) to investigate the mid-infrared (MIR) properties of planetary nebulae (PNs) and PN candidates. In previous studies of GLIMPSE I& II data, we have shown that these MIR data are very useful in distinguishing PNs from other emission-line objects. In the present paper, we focus on the PNs in the field of the GLIMPSE 3D survey, which has a more extensive latitude coverage. We found a total of 90 Macquarie-AAO-Strasbourg (MASH) and MASH II PNs and 101 known PNs to have visible MIR counterparts in the GLIMPSE 3D survey area. The images and photometry of these PNs are presented. Combining the derived IRAC photometry at 3.6, 4.5, 5.8, 8.0 um with the existing photometric measurements from other infrared catalogs, we are able to construct spectral energy distributions (SEDs) of these PNs. Among the most notable objects in this survey is the PN M1-41, whose GLIMPSE 3D image reveals a large bipolar structure of more than 3 arcmin in extent.
description: 43 page3, 13 figures, Accepted for publication in ApJ
Musculoskeletal loading during graded running
Creators: name: Baggaley, Michael
Publisher: name: Kinesiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biomechanics
subject: Running
subject: Musculoskeletal loading
subject: Modeling
subject: Rehabilitation and Therapy
subject: Chemistry
subject: Engineering--Biomedical

description: Running is the most popular recreational activity in Canada, and it is associated with a myriad of physical and mental health benefits. However, running is also associated with the development of musculoskeletal injuries, which lead to lower physical activity levels and interfere with reaping the health benefits of running. Chronic running injuries are thought to result from a fatigue-failure phenomenon, where injuries develop as damage accumulates at the tissue-level over the course of many bouts of running. Damage accumulation is governed by the mechanical loading environment experienced by musculoskeletal tissues; therefore, developing running and rehabilitation programs that can reduce the risk of running injury requires knowledge of the mechanical loading environment. The stress-strain response of a tissue during running is difficult to measure in vivo; however, computational approaches have been developed to infer tissue-level loading. In vivo tissue-level loading has been well characterized during level ground running, but running outdoors often involves traversing graded terrain, which is characterized by a different gait pattern. To develop a comprehensive understanding of musculoskeletal loading during running, it is necessary to capture the mechanical loading environment of the musculoskeletal system during graded and level running. The objective of this thesis was to characterize musculoskeletal loading during running as a function of running grade. To this end, four studies were performed analyzing how individuals adapt to graded terrain as a function of running grade, speed, and step length. It was observed that graded running alters musculoskeletal tissue loading; although the pattern is dependent on many parameters such as the tissue of interest, and the speed, grade, and step length of running. For soft-tissue injuries, it is likely that downhill running may be deleterious and the effect is concomitant with the grade of running. In contrast, the risk of developing a stress fracture may not be altered by running grade, as strains were relatively constant across all grades of running. The findings of this thesis demonstrate the difficulty in capturing in vivo loading and highlight the importance of using tissue geometry to truly capture the effect of different running conditions.
Scale invariance and viscosity of a two-dimensional Fermi gas
Creators: name: Vogt, Enrico
name: Feld, Michael
name: Fröhlich, Bernd
name: Pertot, Daniel
name: Koschorreck, Marco
name: Köhl, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the collective excitations of a harmonically trapped two-dimensional Fermi gas from the collisionless (zero sound) to the hydrodynamic (first sound) regime. The breathing mode, which is sensitive to the equation of state, is observed at a frequency two times the dipole mode frequency for a large range of interaction strengths and temperatures, and the amplitude of the breathing mode is undamped. This provides evidence for a dynamical SO(2,1) scaling symmetry of the two-dimensional Fermi gas. Moreover, we investigate the quadrupole mode to measure the shear viscosity of the two-dimensional gas and study its temperature dependence.
Bankfull and effective discharge in small mountain streams of British Columbia
Creators: name: Brayshaw, Drew Devoe
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: In this thesis, the concept of channel-forming discharge developed for large lowland rivers is critically re-evaluated for small mountain streams. In large lowland rivers under equilibrium conditions, the effective discharge (the discharge interval that transports the greatest proportion of sediment) approximates the bankfull discharge. The effective and bankfull discharges therefore provide measurable analogues for the theoretical channel-forming discharge, responsible for the form and dimensions of the stream channel. In small mountain streams this concordance of bankfull and effective discharges has been suspected to break down, in part because the channel form and dimensions are determined by the non-fluvial sediment supply as well as by fluvial processes. This interaction of non-fluvial sediment supply with fluvial processes makes the application of models and concepts developed for lowland rivers to mountain streams difficult. The history of past glaciation in mountain environments adds complexity in the form of increased sediment supply and changes in streamflow regime over time. Bankfull and effective discharges are measured and estimated for small mountain streams in three distinct hydroclimatic zones in southern British Columbia. These discharges are determined using surveyed stream cross-sections, photogrammetric analysis of in-channel sediment, long-term Water Survey of Canada gauging records, and a two-fraction sediment transport model. Results indicate multiple orders of magnitude of variability in the frequency and magnitude of bankfull and effective discharge for the studied streams, and little correlation between the bankfull and effective discharges. Bankfull frequency can be related to hydraulic and hydroclimatic variables while effective discharge frequency cannot. Most of the studied streams are incised, with bankfull discharges one or more orders of magnitude greater than their effective discharge, a condition attributable to the legacy of Pleistocene glaciation. In these streams the effective discharge is not a channel-forming discharge; at best, it is a channel-maintaining flow, and at worst it is geomorphically meaningless. In a few streams, the bankfull and effective discharges are both large, rare events; these are the only streams in the study in which the bankfull and effective discharges approximate a truly channel-forming discharge.
A Design and Development of Library Resources Management System on Personal Digital Assistant and RFID Technology
Creators: name: มนต์ชัย โศภิษฐกมล
Publisher: name: Faculty of Information Science and Technology, Mahanakorn University of Technology
Year: 2012
Subjects: RFID Technology
Mobile Application
Library Application
Inventory Application

description: Journal of Information Science and Technology, 3, 1, 33-42
Non-convergence of pitch and duration: Word-prosody of Garo
Creators: name: A Sangma, Cheman Baira
Publisher: name: Arts
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Phonology
subject: Phonetics
subject: Laboratory Phonology
subject: Garo
subject: Sino-Tibetan
subject: Word-stress
subject: Metrical stress theory
subject: Boundary phenomenon
subject: F0
subject: Focus
subject: Post-focal compression
subject: Focus particle
subject: Morphosyntactic focus marking
subject: Linguistics
subject: FOS: Languages and literature

description: Garo is an understudied Sino-Tibetan language spoken in Northeast India. There is currently only an impressionistic description of its word prosody by Burling (2003) which says that it is a stress final language. Recent studies have highlighted problems with impressionistic descriptions of prosody (de Lacy, 2014), and methodological problems with some acoustic studies which do not control for confounds of sentence prominence (Gordon, 2014; Roettger & Gordon, 2017). Edge prominent languages also have added complexity about whether prominence should be analysed as metrical prominence or boundary effect (Jun, 1998; Jun & Fougeron, 2000). Keeping all of these facts in mind, a production study was designed to elicited target words in carrier sentences which controlled for confounds of higher level prosody following Athanasopoulou et al. (2021) and Vogel et al. (2017). Binary logistic regression conducted on the measurements of acoustic properties revealed that F0 is the cue for stress in Garo. I analysed the F0 pattern as an intonational pitch LH* where L associated to the first syllable and H* associates to the final syllable. The cue for stress in Garo is thus more specifically an association of intonational pitch accent. Due to the trisyllabic structure of the target words in this study, the foot structure could not be determined. The cues for stress were not found to be enhanced under focus and they were also found to be unaffected post-focally. The focus particle was found to add an IP boundary at the end of the focused constituent and additionally, it was found to upstep the L of the LH* intonational pitch accent. Therefore, the prosodic focus is present only with the focus particle in Garo. The findings of this study thus confirm that Garo has word stress on the final syllable signaled by F0. What separates Garo from other edge prominent languages is that it has F0 events on every prosodic word making it clear that it has stress. The prosodic expression of focus is also only present with the focus particle which makes it similar to other languages with morphosyntactic ways of expressing focus.
Theoretical Studies of Rare-Earth Nuclei leading to $_{50}$Sn-Daughter Products and the Associated Shell Effects
Creators: name: Kumar, Sushil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cluster decays of rare-earth nuclei are studied with a view to look for neutron magic shells for the $_{50}$Sn nucleus as the daughter product always. The $^{100}$Sn and $^{132}$Sn radioactivities are studied to find the most probable cluster decays and the possibility, if any, of new neutron shells. For a wide range of parent nuclei considered here (from Ba to Pt) $^{12}$C from $^{112}$Ba and $^{78}$Ni from $^{210}$Pt parent are predicted to be the most probable clusters (minimum decay half-life) referring to $^{100}$Sn and $^{132}$Sn daughters, respectively. Also, $^{22}$Mg decay of $^{122}$Sm is indicated at the second best possibilty for $^{100}$Sn-daughter decay. In addition to these well known magic shells (Z=50, N=50 and 82), a new magic shell at Z=50, N=66 ($^{116}$Sn daughter) is indicated for the $^{64}$Ni decay from $^{180}$Pt parent.
description: 7 pages
Free energy along drug-protein binding pathways interactively sampled in virtual reality
Creators: name: Deeks, Helen M.
name: Zinovjev, Kirill
name: Barnoud, Jonathan
name: Mulholland, Adrian J.
name: van der Kamp, Marc W.
name: Glowacki, David R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe a two-step approach for combining interactive molecular dynamics in virtual reality (iMD-VR) with free energy (FE) calculation to explore the dynamics of biological processes at the molecular level. We refer to this combined approach as iMD-VR-FE. Stage one involves using a state-of-the-art iMD-VR framework to generate a diverse range of protein-ligand unbinding pathways, benefitting from the sophistication of human spatial and chemical intuition. Stage two involves using the iMD-VR-sampled pathways as initial guesses for defining a path-based reaction coordinate from which we can obtain a corresponding free energy profile using FE methods. To investigate the performance of the method, we apply iMD-VR-FE to investigate the unbinding of a benzamidine ligand from a trypsin protein. The binding free energy calculated using iMD-VR-FE is similar for each pathway, indicating internal consistency. Moreover, the resulting free energy profiles can distinguish energetic differences between pathways corresponding to various protein-ligand conformations (e.g., helping to identify pathways that are more favourable) and enable identification of metastable states along the pathways. The two-step iMD-VR-FE approach offers an intuitive way for researchers to test hypotheses for candidate pathways in biomolecular systems, quickly obtaining both qualitative and quantitative insight.
Siblings of Binary Relations: The Case of Direct Sums of Chains, NE-Free Posets and Trees
Creators: name: Abdi Kalow, Davoud
Publisher: name: Science
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: binary relations
subject: siblings
subject: partially ordered sets
subject: linearly ordered sets
subject: graphs
subject: trees
subject: Education--Mathematics

description: Two structures are called siblings when they mutually embed in each other. This dissertation mainly discusses Thomasse's conjecture and its alternate form for some binary relations. Thomasse's conjecture states that a countable relation has either one, countably many or continuum many siblings, up to isomorphism and the alternate form says that a relation of any cardinality has one or infinitely many siblings, up to isomorphism. There is also a conjecture due to Bonato-Tardif stating that a tree has one or infinitely many siblings in the category of trees. For a tree which is not a sibling of the graph obtained by adding an isolated vertex to the tree, the Bonato-Tardif conjecture and the alternate Thomasse conjecture are equivalent. Abdi, Laflamme, Tateno, Woodrow verified the ideas of a counterexample to the Bonato-Tardif conjecture claimed by Tateno and they confirmed that the example also disproves Thomasse's conjecture. This is a major development in the program of understanding siblings of a given mathematical structure. The counterexample is not a subject of this dissertation, however, determining which structures exactly do satisfy the conjectures is of interest. Laflamme, Pouzet and Woodrow verified both Thomasse's conjecture and its alternate form for chains. Moreover, the alternate Thomasse conjecture was proved for countable cographs by Hahn, Pouzet and Woodrow. In order to tackle the conjectures towards posets, we verify both Thomasse's conjecture and its alternate version for direct sums of chains. We also show that the alternate Thomasse conjecture is true for countable NE-free posets which have strong connections to cographs. Moreover, making use of decomposition trees, we give a proof that each cograph is the comparability graph of some NE-free poset. In order to pose more restriction on trees related to the Bonato-Tardif conjecture, we give a positive answer to one of the open cases of a result due to Hamann. Tyomkyn conjectured that if a locally finite tree has a non-surjective embedding, then it has infinitely many siblings, unless the tree is a one-way infinite path. We prove that if a locally finite tree has a non-surjective embedding preserving precisely one end, then it has infinitely many siblings, unless the tree is a one-way infinite path. This establishes both conjectures of Bonato-Tardif and Tyomkyn for locally finite trees which do not have non-surjective embeddings preserving precisely two ends. Finally, we give a representation of trees obtained by a technique which is similar to the Cantor-Bendixson derivative of a topological space. This representation helps us to verify the Bonato-Tardif conjecture in some cases.
Considering Individual Variation in the Search for Neuroimaging Features of Response to Pharmacotherapy for Major Depression
Creators: name: Van Der Wijk, Gwen Marijke
Publisher: name: Arts
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Major depression
subject: Antidepressant medication
subject: Functional connectivity
subject: fMRI
subject: EEG
subject: Individual differences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Many studies investigate the potential of neuroimaging features to predict treatment success for patients with major depression (MD), as this could improve outcomes in clinical practice. However, variable findings and methodological issues limit the generalizability of such research. In addition, we know little about the applicability of features identified in neuroimaging studies at an individual level, which is essential for translation to clinical practice. In this thesis, I examined these issues to advance our understanding of the opportunities and challenges that this field can leverage to get closer to personalized care. First, I investigated the robustness of fMRI functional connectivity features in three important brain networks related to MD and successful treatment using a large, multi-site dataset. I identified stable differences between participants before treatment based on if and how quickly their symptoms decreased during treatment, indicating their potential to predict outcomes. Second, I explored the relative magnitude of individual variation and group differences such as those identified in project 1. Specifically, the similarity in whole-brain fMRI connectivity across everyone, groups (patients vs controls, responders vs non-responders, female vs male participants), sessions (baseline, week 2 and 8) and individuals was quantified to estimate the relative amount of variance explained by each of these sources. Individual-specific connectivity, together with common connectivity across participants and sessions, explained most of the variance in the data, while group differences contributed only a small amount. Third, I examined the group-to-individual generalizability of brain features using EEG. After identifying differences between groups of patients whose symptoms did or did not decrease substantially with treatment, this study explored whether such group features could be identified in individual patients. The results revealed that individual brain features often deviated from group features. Overall, these findings indicate that, though robust features of antidepressant treatment success may be identified at the group level using large samples and thorough standardizing procedures, individual variation likely needs to be considered for these findings to be applicable to individual patients. Future research should examine if individual brain features can accurately inform clinical practice.