cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Fiber backscatter under increasing exposure to ionizing radiation
Creators: name: Rohr, Johann Max
name: Ast, Stefan
name: Gerberding, Oliver
name: Reiche, Jens
name: Heinzel, Gerhard
Publisher: name: Washington, DC : OSA - The Optical Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Antennas
subject: Backscattering
subject: Fibers
subject: Gravitational effects
subject: Gravity waves
subject: Interferometers
subject: Ionizing radiation
subject: Laser interferometry
subject: Light polarization
subject: Orbits
subject: Radiation shielding
subject: Satellite links
subject: Fiber connections
subject: Heliocentric orbits
subject: Laser interferometer space antenna
subject: Mission duration
subject: Optical connection
subject: Phase reference
subject: Polarizing fibers
subject: Space environment
subject: Polarization-maintaining fiber
subject: article
subject: ionizing radiation
subject: polarization
subject: space
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: The Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) will measure gravitational waves by utilizing inter-satellite laser links between three triangularly-arranged spacecraft in heliocentric orbits. Each spacecraft will house two separate optical benches and needs to establish a phase reference between the two optical benches which requires a bidirectional optical connection, e.g. a fiber connection. The sensitivity of the reference interferometers, and thus of the gravitational wave measurement, could be hampered by backscattering of laser light within optical fibers. It is not yet clear if the backscatter within the fibers will remain constant during the mission duration, or if it will increase due to ionizing radiation in the space environment. Here we report the results of tests on two different fiber types under increasing intensities of ionizing radiation: SM98-PS-U40D by Fujikura, a polarization maintaining fiber, and HB1060Z by Fibercore, a polarizing fiber. We found that both types react differently to the ionizing radiation: The polarization maintaining fibers show a backscatter of about 7 ppm·m−1 which remains constant over increasing exposure. The polarizing fibers show about three times as much backscatter, which also remains constant over increasing exposure. However, the polarizing fibers show a significant degradation in transmission, which is reduced to about one third. © 2020 OSA - The Optical Society. All rights reserved.
North Carolina Communities' Reaction to the 1988 Federal Fair Housing Amendments
Creators: name: Eldridge, Mary
name: Stein, Eric
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1994

description: Congress overwhelmingly passed the Fair Housing Amendments Act of 1988 (FHAA or the "Act") and President Bush signed it into law. The Act has been called by a noted scholar "the most significant civil rights enactment in a generation ...", but its impact has been appreciated only slowly by communities in North Carolina and other states.
Winston-Salem: A Study in Growth, Resilience, and Adaptability
Creators: name: Pegram, LeAnn
name: Elliott, Frank
name: Joines, Allen
name: Norby, A. Paul
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Winston-Salem is a proud city with a rich heritage. Throughout its history, it has continually overcome the challenges of modernization with forward-looking strategies based in entrepreneurship and economic diversification, which continue to facilitate the city’s growth today.
Distinguishability study of 3-Mass Models for Electromechanical Motion Systems
Creators: name: Tantau, Mathias
name: Helmke, Christian
name: Perner, Lars
Publisher: name: Inderscience Enterprises : Genève
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: indistinguishability analysis
subject: multiple mass resonators
subject: multiple mass models
subject: electric drive trains
subject: electromechanical motion systems
subject: servo control systems
subject: structure and parameter identification
subject: model selection
subject: model structure optimization
subject: transfer function type
subject: poles and zeros
subject: frequency domain
subject: frequency response function
subject: FRF
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::000 | Allgemeines, Wissenschaft::000 | Informatik, Wissen, Systeme::004 | Informatik

description: Physically motivated models of electromechanical motion systems are required in several applications related to control design and auto-tracking, model-based fault detection, feed-forward, and simply interpretation. However, attempts to create such models automatically via structure and parameter identification struggle with ambiguities regarding the correct internal structure of the model. Designing a reasonable set of candidate models is difficult, because it is not known which models are distinguishable and which are not. This paper gives a simple to use necessary condition for indistinguishability of multiple mass models as they are used to model the control-relevant features of motion systems. In an automated way models are generated that can be created by considering elasticities at different positions in the mechanical structures. The condition is applied to these models for the case of three masses. In three examples it is shown that the criterion simplifies the subsequent structure and parameter identification considerably by reducing the number of possible models. For higher numbers of masses, however, it would become intractable.
ENHANCE ROBOTIC-ASSISTED SURGERY WITH A SENSING-BASED ADAPTIVE SYSTEM
Creators: name: Yang, Jing
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2023
Subjects: Industrial engineering

description: The advancement of robotic-assisted surgery (RAS) has revolutionized the field by enabling surgeons to perform intricate procedures with enhanced precision, improved depth perception, and more precise control. Despite these advancements, current RAS systems still rely on teleoperation, where surgeons control the robots remotely. The complexity of the master-slave control mechanism, along with the technical challenges involved, can impose significant mental workloads on surgeons. As excessive mental workload (MWL) can adversely affect performance and increase the likelihood of errors, addressing operator mental overload has become crucial for successful operation in RAS. To tackle this problem, there has been increased interest in developing robots that can provide operators with varying levels of assistance based on their MWL (i.e., adaptive system) during task execution. However, the research in this area is notably limited, primarily due to two key factors: the absence of a real-time MWL assessment framework and the lack of effective intervention strategies to mitigate MWL in RAS. This Ph.D. dissertation aims to fill these gaps by designing the adaptive system in RAS and exploring its impact on surgical task performance. The dissertation comprises three studies. The first study demonstrated the feasibility of the adaptive system in RAS by introducing an MWL-triggered semi-autonomous suction tool as a proof-of-concept. Building upon the insights gained from the first study, the second study focused on enhancing the adaptive system's adaptability to more complex RAS tasks. In particular, the second study proposed a task-independent MWL model that had potential to be applied to various RAS tasks. Additionally, more intelligent interventions were investigated. Furthermore, the third study aimed to investigate the benefits of adaptive system in RAS training by introducing a personalized and adaptive training program based on human MWL profile. The findings of this dissertation revealed evidence supporting the effectiveness of the adaptive system in moderating subjects’ MWL, and its potential in enhancing task performance in RAS. This dissertation highlights the potential of incorporating adaptive systems into future RAS platforms, so that to provide valuable support and assistance to surgeons during critical moments and facilitate surgical training by identifying and addressing the specific needs of surgeons.
Partial Decoherence and Thermalization through Time-Domain Ergodicity
Creators: name: Englman, Robert
name: Yahalom, Asher
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An approach, differing from two commonly used methods (the stochastic \SE \ and the master equation \cite {Schlosshauer,BieleA}) but entrenched in the traditional density matrix formalism, is developed in a semi-classical setting, so as to go from the solutions of the time dependent \SE to decohering and thermalized states. This is achieved by utilizing the time-ergodicity, rather than the sampling- (or ensemble-) ergodicity, of physical systems. We introduce the formalism through a study of the Rabi model (a two level system coupled to an oscillator) and show that our semi-classical version exhibits, both qualitatively and quantitatively, many features of state truncation and equilibration \cite {AllahverdyanBN}. We then study the time evolution of two qubits in interaction with a bosonic environment, such that the energy scale of one qubit is much larger, and that of the other much smaller than the environment's energy scale. The small energy qubit decoheres to a mixture, while the high energy qubit is protected through the adiabatic theorem. However, an inter-qubit coupling generates an overall decoherence and leads for some values of the coupling to long term revivals in the state occupations.
description: 24 pages, 11 figures
Prospects and challenges for squeezing-enhanced optical atomic clocks
Creators: name: Schulte, Marius
name: Lisdat, Christian
name: Schmidt, Piet O.
name: Sterr, Uwe
name: Hammerer, Klemens
Publisher: name: London : Nature Publishing Group
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Brownian motion
subject: ion
subject: laser
subject: magnitude
subject: molecular analysis
subject: numerical model
subject: optical property
subject: performance assessment
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften

description: Optical atomic clocks are a driving force for precision measurements due to the high accuracy and stability demonstrated in recent years. While further improvements to the stability have been envisioned by using entangled atoms, squeezing the quantum mechanical projection noise, evaluating the overall gain must incorporate essential features of an atomic clock. Here, we investigate the benefits of spin squeezed states for clocks operated with typical Brownian frequency noise-limited laser sources. Based on an analytic model of the closed servo-loop of an optical atomic clock, we report here quantitative predictions on the optimal clock stability for a given dead time and laser noise. Our analytic predictions are in good agreement with numerical simulations of the closed servo-loop. We find that for usual cyclic Ramsey interrogation of single atomic ensembles with dead time, even with the current most stable lasers spin squeezing can only improve the clock stability for ensembles below a critical atom number of about one thousand in an optical Sr lattice clock. Even with a future improvement of the laser performance by one order of magnitude the critical atom number still remains below 100,000. In contrast, clocks based on smaller, non-scalable ensembles, such as ion clocks, can already benefit from squeezed states with current clock lasers. © 2020, The Author(s).
Heterogeneous landscape promotes distinct microbial communities in an imperiled scrub ecosystem
Creators: name: David, Aaron S.
name: Hernandez, Damian J.
name: Menges, Eric S.
name: Sclater, Vivienne L.
name: Afkhami, Michelle E.
name: Searcy, Christopher A.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology

description: Habitat heterogeneity is a key driver of biodiversity of macroorganisms, yet how heterogeneity structures belowground microbial communities is not well understood. Importantly, belowground microbial communities may respond to any number of abiotic, biotic, and spatial drivers found in heterogeneous environments. Here, we examine potential drivers of prokaryotic and fungal communities in soils across the heterogenous landscape of the imperiled Florida scrub, a pyrogenic ecosystem where slight differences in elevation lead to large changes in water and nutrient availability and vegetation composition. We employ a comprehensive, large-scale sampling design to characterize the communities of prokaryotes and fungi associated with three habitat types and two soil depths (crust and subterranean) to evaluate (i) differences in microbial communities across these heterogeneous habitats, (ii) the relative roles of abiotic, biotic, and spatial drivers in shaping community structure, and (iii) the distribution of fungal guilds across these habitats. We sequenced soils from 40 complete replicates of habitat × soil depth combinations and sequenced the prokaryotic 16S and fungal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions using Illumina MiSeq. Habitat heterogeneity generated distinct communities of soil prokaryotes and fungi. Spatial distance played a role in structuring crust communities, whereas subterranean microbial communities were primarily structured by the shrub community, whose roots they presumably interacted with. This result helps to explain the unexpected transition we observed between arbuscular mycorrhiza–dominated soils at low-elevation habitats to ectomycorrhiza-dominated soils at high-elevation habitats. Our results challenge previous notions of environmental determinism of microbial communities and generate new hypotheses regarding symbiotic relationships across heterogeneous environments.
Specific heat of a non-local attractive Hubbard model
Creators: name: Calegari, E. J.
name: Lobo, C. O.
name: Magalhaes, S. G.
name: Chaves, C. M.
name: Troper, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The specific heat of an attractive (interaction $G<0$) non-local Hubbard model is investigated. We use a two-pole approximation which leads to a set of correlation functions. In particular, the correlation function $\ $ plays an important role as a source of anomalies in the normal state of the model. Our results show that for a giving range of $G$ and $δ$ where $δ=1-n_T$ ($n_T=n_{\uparrow}+n_{\downarrow}$), the specific heat as a function of the temperature presents a two peak structure. Nevertehelesss, the presence of a pseudogap on the anti-nodal points $(0,\pmπ)$ and $(\pmπ,0)$ eliminates the two peak structure, the low temperature peak remaining. The effects of the second nearest neighbor hopping on the specific heat are also investigated.
description: 5 pages, 7 figures
Parameterized Metatheory for Continuous Markovian Logic
Creators: name: Larsen, Kim G.
name: Mardare, Radu
name: Thrane, Claus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper shows that a classic metalogical framework, including all Boolean operators, can be used to support the development of a metric behavioural theory for Markov processes. Previously, only intuitionistic frameworks or frameworks without negation and logical implication have been developed to fulfill this task. The focus of this paper is on continuous Markovian logic (CML), a logic that characterizes stochastic bisimulation of Markov processes with an arbitrary measurable state space and continuous-time transitions. For a parameter epsilon>0 interpreted as observational error, we introduce an epsilon-parameterized metatheory for CML: we define the concepts of epsilon-satisfiability and epsilon-provability related by a sound and complete axiomatization and prove a series of "parameterized" metatheorems including decidability, weak completeness and finite model property. We also prove results regarding the relations between metalogical concepts defined for different parameters. Using this framework, we can characterize both the stochastic bisimulation relation and various observational preorders based on behavioural pseudometrics. The main contribution of this paper is proving that all these analyses can actually be done using a unified complete Boolean framework. This extends the state of the art in this field, since the related works only propose intuitionistic contexts that limit, for instance, the use of the Boolean logical implication.
description: In Proceedings QFM 2012, arXiv:1212.3454
Carolina Blue: Preserving State Water Resources
Creators: name: Miller, Todd
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1983

description: Coastal North Carolina has about 2.3 million acres of marsh, wetlands, creeks, rivers, and sounds, making up the largest estuarine system on the Atlantic Coast. Productivity of fish and shellfish breeding in this system depends upon an Influx of nutrients and fresh water from upland areas. The health of this estuarine system is a good indicator of how well water resources are being protected in North Carolina. Fresh water enters the estuaries from rivers including the Cape Fear, Neuse and Roanoke, which drain millions of acres of the Piedmont and Coastal Plain. Thus, Mark Dodge's conversation with two Winston-Salem newspaper reporters one hot afternoon last summer, concerning hard times experienced by commercial fishermen, should be taken seriously throughout North Carolina. His living depends on crabbing, oystering, and a boatyard near Rose Bay in Hyde County. Mark Dodge and most other commercial fishermen believe that the conversion of over 200,000 acres of freshwater wetlands by non-family corporate farms in five coastal counties has polluted saline fish breeding areas with fresh water and farm chemicals. These large agricultural interests disagree with Mark Dodge's assessment, claiming that many complex factors have caused seafood catches to decline. Between the two interests there is no consensus on what is happening to coastal water quality.
What Happens When the "Magic" Wears Off?
Creators: name: Norby, Allen P.
name: Dyer, Donna L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1982

description: The issues raised when public planners become involved in the private development process are illustrated clearly through a careful reading of Elizabeth Tornquist's analysis of the Durham Center's development. As city planners, we are involved daily with private developers — reviewing site plans, considering zoning changes, proposing utility extensions or street improvements. We even subsidize private developers if they are building or rehabilitating houses. Only recently have planning departments anywhere in the United States become involved in assisting industrial and commercial developers in any substantial way; most of the relationships between planners and economic developers to date have been regulatory or even adversarial.
Recent advances on time-stretch dispersive Fourier transform and its applications
Creators: name: Godin, Thomas
name: Sader, Lynn
name: Khodadad Kashi, Anahita
name: Hanzard, Pierre-Henry
name: Hideur, Ammar
name: Moss, David J.
name: Morandotti, Roberto
name: Genty, Goery
name: Dudley, John M.
name: Pasquazi, Alessia
name: Kues, Michael
name: Wetzel, Benjamin
Publisher: name: Abingdon : Taylor & Francis Group
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Laser systems
subject: Nonlinear fiber optics
subject: Quantum measurements
subject: Ultrafast imaging
subject: Ultrafast photonics
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: The need to measure high repetition rate ultrafast processes cuts across multiple areas of science. The last decade has seen tremendous advances in the development and application of new techniques in this field, as well as many breakthrough achievements analyzing non-repetitive optical phenomena. Several approaches now provide convenient access to single-shot optical waveform characterization, including the dispersive Fourier transform (DFT) and time-lens techniques, which yield real-time ultrafast characterization in the spectral and temporal domains, respectively. These complementary approaches have already proven to be highly successful to gain insight into numerous optical phenomena including the emergence of extreme events and characterizing the complexity of laser evolution dynamics. However, beyond the study of these fundamental processes, real-time measurements have also been driven by particular applications ranging from spectroscopy to velocimetry, while shedding new light in areas spanning ultrafast imaging, metrology or even quantum science. Here, we review a number of landmark results obtained using DFT-based technologies, including several recent advances and key selected applications. © 2022 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
Saxifraga androsacea L.
Creators: name: Becherer
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1956
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: S. androsacea L. Cat. 158 und 426. Verbreitet. Tiefe Stelle: unter Leukerbad, 1300m (Mantz). Var. tridentata Gaudin (S. pyrenaica Scop.) - 3: Val Ferret (Melly); Val d'Entremont (Melly, Guyot); Val de Bagnes (Melly, P.); Zinal (Melly).
description: Published as part of Becherer, 1956, Florae Vallesiacae Supplementum, pp. 1-556 in Denkschriften der Schweizerischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft 71 on pages 1-556
Many were named, but few are current: The Hebeloma of Hesler, Smith, and coauthors
Creators: name: Eberhardt, Ursula
name: Schütz, Nicole
name: Bartlett, Peter
name: Beker, Henry J.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: During the 1970s and 1980s, L. R. Hesler and A. H. Smith, alone, together, or Smith with other authors such as V. S. Evenson and D. H. Mitchel, described numerous North American taxa in Hebeloma. With the inclusion of an early work by Smith and a later work by E. Grilli, who described a species based on material from Smith, 130 taxa were described and form the subject of this paper. Apart from two taxa that were (deliberately) invalidly published and two that were illegitimately published, all others are valid and legitimate names. After study of morphology, habitat, and location of collection (based on available material and information) as well as molecular analysis (insofar as this was successful), of these 128 validly published taxa we regard 14 as being current names; the remaining 114 are synonymized with other current names. These 14 species are Hebeloma albomarginatum, H. alpinicola, H. angelesiense, H. caulocystidiosum, H. immutabile, H. incarnatulum, H. kelloggense, H. mackinawense, H. nitidum, H. olympianum, H. parcivelum, H. praeolidum, H. pungens, and H. sporadicum. This brings up the number of currently recognized, validly published, Hebeloma species in America to 72.
Caspase-1-induced pyroptosis is an innate immune effector mechanism against intracellular bacteria
Creators: name: Warren, Sarah E.
name: Leaf, Irina A.
name: Treuting, Piper M.
name: Miao, Edward A.
name: Dors, Monica
name: Aderem, Alan
name: Mao, Dat P.
name: Sarkar, Anasuya
name: Wewers, Mark D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Macrophages mediate crucial innate immune responses via caspase-1-dependent processing and secretion of interleukin 1β (IL-1β) and IL-18. Although infection with wild-type Salmonella typhimurium is lethal to mice, we show here that a strain that persistently expresses flagellin was cleared by the cytosolic flagellin-detection pathway through the activation of caspase-1 by the NLRC4 inflammasome; however, this clearance was independent of IL-1β and IL-18. Instead, caspase-1-induced pyroptotic cell death released bacteria from macrophages and exposed the bacteria to uptake and killing by reactive oxygen species in neutrophils. Similarly, activation of caspase-1 cleared unmanipulated Legionella pneumophila and Burkholderia thailandensis by cytokine-independent mechanisms. This demonstrates that activation of caspase-1 clears intracellular bacteria in vivo independently of IL-1β and IL-18 and establishes pyroptosis as an efficient mechanism of bacterial clearance by the innate immune system.
Chemical abundances in LMC stellar populations. II. The bar sample
Creators: name: Van der Swaelmen, M.
name: Hill, V.
name: Primas, F.
name: Cole, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper compares the chemical evolution of the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) to that of the Milky Way (MW) and investigates the relation between the bar and the inner disc of the LMC in the context of the formation of the bar. We obtained high-resolution and mid signal-to-noise ratio spectra with FLAMES/GIRAFFE at ESO/VLT and performed a detailed chemical analysis of 106 and 58 LMC field red giant stars (mostly older than 1 Gyr), located in the bar and the disc of the LMC respectively. We measured elemental abundances for O, Mg, Si, Ca, Ti, Na, Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Y, Zr, Ba, La and Eu. We find that the α-element ratios [Mg/Fe] and [O/Fe] are lower in the LMC than in the MW while the LMC has similar [Si/Fe], [Ca/Fe], and [Ti/Fe] to the MW. As for the heavy elements, [Ba,La/Eu] exhibit a strong increase with increasing metallicity starting from [Fe/H]=-0.8 dex, and the LMC has lower [Y+Zr/Ba+La] ratios than the MW. Cu is almost constant over all metallicities and about 0.5 dex lower in the LMC than in the MW. The LMC bar and inner disc exhibit differences in their [α/Fe] (slightly larger scatter for the bar in the metallicity range [-1,-0.5]), their Eu (the bar trend is above the disc trend for [Fe/H] > -0.5 dex), their Y and Zr, their Na and their V (offset between bar and disc distributions). Our results show that the chemical history of the LMC experienced a strong contribution from type Ia supernovae as well as a strong s-process enrichment from metal-poor AGB winds. Massive stars made a smaller contribution to the chemical enrichment compared to the MW. The observed differences between the bar and the disc speak in favour of an episode of enhanced star formation a few Gyr ago, occurring in the central parts of the LMC and leading to the formation of the bar. This is in agreement with recently derived star formation histories.
description: 22 pages, 20 figures; Accepted for publication in A&A
Deep Learning Gauss–Manin Connections
Creators: name: Heal, Kathryn
name: Kulkarni, Avinash
name: Sertöz, Emre Can
Publisher: name: Cham (ZG) : Springer International Publishing AG
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence
subject: K3 Surface
subject: Neural Network
subject: Numerical and Symbolic Computation
subject: Period
subject: Picard Group
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::510 | Mathematik

description: The Gauss–Manin connection of a family of hypersurfaces governs the change of the period matrix along the family. This connection can be complicated even when the equations defining the family look simple. When this is the case, it is expensive to compute the period matrices of varieties in the family via homotopy continuation. We train neural networks that can quickly and reliably guess the complexity of the Gauss–Manin connection of pencils of hypersurfaces. As an application, we compute the periods of 96 % of smooth quartic surfaces in projective 3-space whose defining equation is a sum of five monomials; from the periods of these quartic surfaces, we extract their Picard lattices and the endomorphism fields of their transcendental lattices. © 2022, The Author(s).
Learning Markov Decision Processes for Model Checking
Creators: name: Mao, Hua
name: Chen, Yingke
name: Jaeger, Manfred
name: Nielsen, Thomas D.
name: Larsen, Kim G.
name: Nielsen, Brian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Constructing an accurate system model for formal model verification can be both resource demanding and time-consuming. To alleviate this shortcoming, algorithms have been proposed for automatically learning system models based on observed system behaviors. In this paper we extend the algorithm on learning probabilistic automata to reactive systems, where the observed system behavior is in the form of alternating sequences of inputs and outputs. We propose an algorithm for automatically learning a deterministic labeled Markov decision process model from the observed behavior of a reactive system. The proposed learning algorithm is adapted from algorithms for learning deterministic probabilistic finite automata, and extended to include both probabilistic and nondeterministic transitions. The algorithm is empirically analyzed and evaluated by learning system models of slot machines. The evaluation is performed by analyzing the probabilistic linear temporal logic properties of the system as well as by analyzing the schedulers, in particular the optimal schedulers, induced by the learned models.
description: In Proceedings QFM 2012, arXiv:1212.3454
Panacea or Fools' Gold? Reinventing Downtown Atlanta After the Olympics
Creators: name: Versel, David
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1998

description: Atlanta has long been a city that placed more emphasis on boosting its image than on confronting its day-to-day concerns. Beginning in the early 1980s with then-Mayor Andrew Young's efforts to transform Atlanta into an international city, Atlantans have worked to construct the necessary improvements and facilities to achieve Young's goal. These efforts culminated with their hosting of the Olympics in 1996. There is no doubt that, as a result of the Olympics, the city of Atlanta is now known worldwide. However, now that the Olympics are over, the "boosters" who were so instrumental in cultivating an international image of Atlanta have begun to acknowledge that developing that image was only the first step in the process of Atlanta's emergence as a worldwide hub. As Georgia State University President Carl Patton observed, "To be a truly international city, Atlanta cannot roll up its sidewalks at sundown." With concerns like Patton's in mind, the most pressing planning issue facing post- Olympic Atlanta has become the transformation of its downtown from an office and hotel district into a 24-hour environment in which people reside, work, and play.
TRAPPC11 and GOSR2 mutations associate with hypoglycosylation of α-dystroglycan and muscular dystrophy
Creators: name: Tadjo, Thierry F.
name: Milev, Miroslav P.
name: Bossler, Aaron D.
name: Larson, Austin A.
name: Baker, Peter R.
name: Sacher, Michael
name: Prematilake, Keshika
name: Williams, Charles A.
name: Cox, Mary O.
name: Lekostaj, Jacqueline K.
name: Sokol, Ronald J.
name: Stence, Aaron A.
name: Mueller, Jennifer M.
name: Moore, Steven A.
name: Press, Craig A.
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2018

description: Abstract
                Background
                Transport protein particle (TRAPP) is a supramolecular protein complex that functions in localizing proteins to the Golgi compartment. The TRAPPC11 subunit has been implicated in muscle disease by virtue of homozygous and compound heterozygous deleterious mutations being identified in individuals with limb girdle muscular dystrophy and congenital muscular dystrophy. It remains unclear how this protein leads to muscle disease. Furthermore, a role for this protein, or any other membrane trafficking protein, in the etiology of the dystroglycanopathy group of muscular dystrophies has yet to be found. Here, using a multidisciplinary approach including genetics, immunofluorescence, western blotting, and live cell analysis, we implicate both TRAPPC11 and another membrane trafficking protein, GOSR2, in α-dystroglycan hypoglycosylation.
                Case presentation
                Subject 1 presented with severe epileptic episodes and subsequent developmental deterioration. Upon clinical evaluation she was found to have brain, eye, and liver abnormalities. Her serum aminotransferases and creatine kinase were abnormally high. Subjects 2 and 3 are siblings from a family unrelated to subject 1. Both siblings displayed hypotonia, muscle weakness, low muscle bulk, and elevated creatine kinase levels. Subject 3 also developed a seizure disorder. Muscle biopsies from subjects 1 and 3 were severely dystrophic with abnormal immunofluorescence and western blotting indicative of α-dystroglycan hypoglycosylation. Compound heterozygous mutations in TRAPPC11 were identified in subject 1: c.851A>C and c.965+5G>T. Cellular biological analyses on fibroblasts confirmed abnormal membrane trafficking. Subject 3 was found to have compound heterozygous mutations in GOSR2: c.430G>T and c.2T>G. Cellular biological analyses on fibroblasts from subject 3 using two different model cargo proteins did not reveal defects in protein transport. No mutations were found in any of the genes currently known to cause dystroglycanopathy in either individual.
                Conclusion
                Recessive mutations in TRAPPC11 and GOSR2 are associated with congenital muscular dystrophy and hypoglycosylation of α-dystroglycan. This is the first report linking membrane trafficking proteins to dystroglycanopathy and suggests that these genes should be considered in the diagnostic evaluation of patients with congenital muscular dystrophy and dystroglycanopathy.
Mixing of edge states at a bipolar graphene junction
Creators: name: Schmidt, H.
name: Rode, J.C.
name: Belke, C.
name: Smirnov, D.
name: Haug, Rolf J.
Publisher: name: College Park, MD : American Physical Society
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: single layer graphene
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: An atomic force microscope is used to locally manipulate a single layer graphene sheet. Transport measurements in this region as well as in the unmanipulated part reveal different charge carrier densities, while mobilities stay in the order of 104 cm2(Vs)-1. With a global backgate, the system is tuned from a unipolar n-n′ or p-p′ junction with different densities to a bipolar p-n junction. Magnetotransport across this junction verifies its nature, showing the expected quantized resistance values as well as the switching with the polarity of the magnetic field. Measurements at higher magnetic fields show a suppression of the mixing of edge states with different polarity at the p-n junction. © 2013 American Physical Society.
The stability problem and special solutions for the 5-components Maxwell-Bloch equations
Creators: name: Birtea, Petre
name: Casu, Ioan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: For the 5-components Maxwell-Bloch system the stability problem for the isolated equilibria is completely solved. Using the geometry of the symplectic leaves, a detailed construction of the homoclinic orbits is given. Studying the problem of invariant sets for the system we discover a rich family of periodic solutions in explicit form.
Preserving a Special Place: Growth Management in Fort Mill, South Carolina
Creators: name: Driggers, Kenneth C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1989

description: Small towns throughout the country are struggling to balance the need for economic development with the desire to preserve a distinct local character. Until now, these communities have virtually toiled alone. Thanks to the Conservation Foundation, a new partnership - with access to a nationwide network of growth management specialists - is emerging.
Machine-Learning-Based Exploration of Bending Flexoelectricity in Novel 2D Van der Waals Bilayers
Creators: name: Javvaji, Brahmanandam
name: Zhuang, Xiaoying
name: Rabczuk, Timon
name: Mortazavi, Bohayra
Publisher: name: Weinheim : Wiley-VCH
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: bending deformation
subject: charge-dipole model
subject: flexoelectricity
subject: machine learning
subject: van der Waals bilayers
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::000 | Allgemeines, Wissenschaft::050 | Zeitschriften, fortlaufende Sammelwerke

description: Accurate examination of electricity generation stemming from higher-order deformation (flexoelectricity) in 2D layered materials is a highly challenging task to be investigated with either conventional computational or experimental tools. To address this challenge herein an innovative and computationally efficient approach on the basis of density functional theory (DFT) and machine-learning interatomic potentials (MLIPs) with incorporated long-range interactions to accurately investigate the flexoelectric energy conversion in 2D van der Waals (vdW) bilayers is proposed. In this approach, short-range interactions are accurately defined using the moment tensor potentials trained over computationally inexpensive DFT-based datasets. The long-range electrostatic (charge and dipole) and vdW interaction parameters are calibrated from DFT simulations. Elaborated comparison of mechanical and piezoelectric properties extracted from the herein proposed approach with available data confirms the accuracy of the devised computational strategy. It is shown that the bilayer transition metal dichalcogenides can show a flexoelectric coefficient 2–7 times larger than their monolayer counterparts. Noticeably, this enhancement reaches up to 20 times for Janus diamane and fluorinated boron-nitrogen derivatives of diamane bilayers. The presented results improve the understanding of the flexoelectric effect in vdW heterostructures and moreover the proposed MLIP-based methodology offers a robust tool to improve the design of novel energy harvesting devices. © 2022 The Authors. Advanced Energy Materials published by Wiley-VCH GmbH.
One-dimensional confinement and width-dependent bandgap formation in epitaxial graphene nanoribbons
Creators: name: Karakachian, Hrag
name: Nguyen, T.T. Nhung
name: Aprojanz, Johannes
name: Zakharov, Alexei A.
name: Yakimova, Rositsa
name: Rosenzweig, Philipp
name: Polley, Craig M.
name: Balasubramanian, Thiagarajan
name: Tegenkamp, Christoph
name: Power, Stephen R.
name: Starke, Ulrich
Publisher: name: London : Nature Publishing Group
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: chemical binding
subject: one-dimensional modeling
subject: quantum mechanics
subject: semiconductor industry
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften

description: The ability to define an off state in logic electronics is the key ingredient that is impossible to fulfill using a conventional pristine graphene layer, due to the absence of an electronic bandgap. For years, this property has been the missing element for incorporating graphene into next-generation field effect transistors. In this work, we grow high-quality armchair graphene nanoribbons on the sidewalls of 6H-SiC mesa structures. Angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy (ARPES) and scanning tunneling spectroscopy measurements reveal the development of a width-dependent semiconducting gap driven by quantum confinement effects. Furthermore, ARPES demonstrates an ideal one-dimensional electronic behavior that is realized in a graphene-based environment, consisting of well-resolved subbands, dispersing and non-dispersing along and across the ribbons respectively. Our experimental findings, coupled with theoretical tight-binding calculations, set the grounds for a deeper exploration of quantum confinement phenomena and may open intriguing avenues for new low-power electronics. © 2020, The Author(s).
Reducing Weak to Strong Bisimilarity in CCP
Creators: name: Aristizábal, Andrés
name: Bonchi, Filippo
name: Pino, Luis
name: Valencia, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Concurrent constraint programming (ccp) is a well-established model for concurrency that singles out the fundamental aspects of asynchronous systems whose agents (or processes) evolve by posting and querying (partial) information in a global medium. Bisimilarity is a standard behavioural equivalence in concurrency theory. However, only recently a well-behaved notion of bisimilarity for ccp, and a ccp partition refinement algorithm for deciding the strong version of this equivalence have been proposed. Weak bisimiliarity is a central behavioural equivalence in process calculi and it is obtained from the strong case by taking into account only the actions that are observable in the system. Typically, the standard partition refinement can also be used for deciding weak bisimilarity simply by using Milner's reduction from weak to strong bisimilarity; a technique referred to as saturation. In this paper we demonstrate that, because of its involved labeled transitions, the above-mentioned saturation technique does not work for ccp. We give an alternative reduction from weak ccp bisimilarity to the strong one that allows us to use the ccp partition refinement algorithm for deciding this equivalence.
description: In Proceedings ICE 2012, arXiv:1212.3458. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1212.1548
Super-Whittaker vector at c=3/2
Creators: name: Desrosiers, P.
name: Lapointe, L.
name: Mathieu, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The degenerate Whittaker vector of the superconformal algebra can be represented in terms of Jack superpolynomials. However, in this representation the norm of the Whittaker vector involves a scalar product with respect to which the Jack superpolynomials are not orthogonal. In this note, we point out that this defect can be cured at c=3/2 by means of a trick specific to the supersymmetric case. At c=3/2, we thus end up with a closed-form expression for the norm of the degenerate super-Whittaker vector. Granting the super-version of the AGT conjecture, this closed-form expression should be equal to the Z_2-symmetric SU(2) pure-gauge instanton partition function -- the corresponding equality taking the form of a rather nontrivial combinatorial identity.
description: 9 pages
Clinch River Valley Initiative: Using Community Based Collaboration to Build Local Economies And Create Change in Appalachian Virginia
Creators: name: Lyons, Lucas
name: Gyovai, Christine
name: Spain, Allison
name: Dukes, Frank
name: Ness, Abigail
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: The Clinch River Valley Initiative (CRVI) is a consensus-based, grassroots effort that unites a broad group of stakeholders to establish Southwest Virginia’s Clinch River Valley as a global destination based on its unique biodiversity, natural beauty, cultural attractions and outdoor opportunities. By working at a watershed level with multiple partners, this grassroots effort has developed significant ownership and momentum that may serve as a model for other communities in Appalachia and beyond. In this paper, we discuss the structure and function of CRVI in comparison with other consensus-based efforts that utilize community-based collaboration. We identify challenges that CRVI faced, detail its successes to date, and analyze how well the initiative is meeting its goals.
Shared Contract-Obedient Endpoints
Creators: name: Lozes, Étienne
name: Villard, Jules
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.3.1

description: Most of the existing verification techniques for message-passing programs suppose either that channel endpoints are used in a linear fashion, where at most one thread may send or receive from an endpoint at any given time, or that endpoints may be used arbitrarily by any number of threads. The former approach usually forbids the sharing of channels while the latter limits what is provable about programs. In this paper we propose a midpoint between these techniques by extending a proof system based on separation logic to allow sharing of endpoints. We identify two independent mechanisms for supporting sharing: an extension of fractional shares to endpoints, and a new technique based on what we call reflexive ownership transfer. We demonstrate on a number of examples that a linear treatment of sharing is possible.
description: In Proceedings ICE 2012, arXiv:1212.3458
Effects of isoelectronic Ru substitution at the Fe site on the energy gaps of optimally F-doped SmFeAsO
Creators: name: Daghero, D.
name: Tortello, M.
name: Ummarino, G. A.
name: Stepanov, V. A.
name: Bernardini, F.
name: Tropeano, M.
name: Putti, M.
name: Gonnelli, R. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We studied the effects of isoelectronic Ru substitution at the Fe site on the energy gaps of optimally F-doped SmFeAsO by means of point-contact Andreev reflection spectroscopy. The results show that the SmFe_{1-x}Ru_{x}AsO_{0.85}F_{0.15} system keeps a multigap character at least up to x=0.50, and that the gap amplitudes Delta_1 and Delta_2 scale almost linearly with the local critical temperature TcA. The gap ratios 2Delta_i/(kB Tc) remain approximately constant only as long as Tc > 30 K, but increase dramatically when Tc decreases further. This trend seems to be common to many Fe-based superconductors, irrespective of their family. Based on first-principle calculations of the bandstructure and of the density of states projected on the different bands, we show that this trend, as well as the Tc dependence of the gaps and the reduction of Tc upon Ru doping, can be explained within an effective three-band Eliashberg model as being due to a suppression of the superfluid density at finite temperature that, in turns, modifies the temperature dependence of the characteristic spin-fluctuation energy.
description: 10 pages, 9 figures
Evolutionary Biology of Women syllabus (Spring 2023)
Creators: name: Martin, Melanie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biological (physical) anthropology
subject: Social and cultural anthropology
subject: Women's studies (incl. girls' studies)
subject: Reproduction
subject: FOS: Medical biotechnology

description: Syllabus for 'Evolutionary Biology of Women' course. Upper division biological anthropology course, University of Washington, Seattle