cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A feasibility study of template-based subject-specific modelling and simulation of upper-airway complex
Creators: name: Tang, Keyi
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: The upper-airway complex is involved in a number of life-sustaining functions, such as swallowing, speech, breathing and chewing. Disorders associated with these functions can dramatically reduce the life quality of the suffers. Biomechanical modelling is a useful tool that can bridge the gap between the human knowledge and medical data.When tailored to individual patients, biomechanical models can augment the imaging data, to enable computer-assisted diagnosis and treatment planning. This thesis introduces a model-registration framework for creating subject-specific models of the upper-airway complex based on 3D medical images.Our framework adapts a state-of-art comprehensive biomechanical model of head and neck, which represents the generic upper-airway anatomy and function. By morphing this functional template to subject-specific data, we create upper-airway models for particular individuals. In order to preserve the functionality of the comprehensive model, we introduce a multi-structure registration technique, which can maintain the spatial relationship between the template components, and preserve the regularity of the underlying mesh structures. The functional information, such as the muscle attachment positions, joint positions and biomechanical properties, is updated to stay relevant to the subject-specific model geometry. We demonstrate the functionality of our subject-specific models in the biomechanical simulations. Two illustrative case studies are presented. First, we apply our modelling methods to simulating the normal swallowing motion of a particular subject based on the kinematics (of the airway boundary, jaw and hyoid) extracted from dynamic 3D CT images. The results suggest that our model tracks the oropharyngeal motion well, but has limited ability to reproduce the hyolaryngeal movements of normal swallowing. Second, we create two speaker-specific models based on 3D MR images, and perform personalized speech simulations of the utterance ageese. The models reproduce the speech motion of the tongue and jaw recorded in tagged and cine MRI data with sub-voxel tracking error, predict the muscular coordinating patterns of the speech motion. This study demonstrates the feasibility of using template-based subject-specific modelling methods to facilitate personalized analysis of upper-airway functions. The proposed model-registration framework provides a foundation for developing a systematic and advanced subject-specific modelling platform.
Learning from Starting Points: Findings from the Starting Points Assessment Project
Creators: name: Knitzer, Jane
name: Adely, Fida J.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2001
Subjects: Poor children
Poor--Government policy
Child development
Grants-in-aid--Evaluation

description: In 1994, the Carnegie Corporation of New York issued a report titled Starting Points: Meeting the Needs of Our Youngest Children. Calling its findings “a quiet crisis,” the report urged the federal government, states, community leaders, educators, health care decision-makers, service providers, business, leaders, parents, and the philanthropic community to actively work toward four broad goals: promoting responsible parenthood, guaranteeing child care choices, ensuring good health and protection, and mobilizing communities to support young children and their families. Heeding its own call, in January 1996, the Carnegie Corporation made the first awards for the Starting Points States and Communities Partnership for Young Children Grants, a four-and-a-half year, $7 million initiative. Focusing on program improvement, policy development, and public engagement and awareness, the aim was to serve as a catalyst to seed activities to spur both short and long-term systems change within selected states and communities. In 1999, the National Center for Children in Poverty (NCCP) was asked to undertake an assessment of Starting Points to document the variations in context, structure, activities, and accomplishments across the 11 sites that were funded throughout the initiative, including four city sites: Baltimore, Boston, Pittsburgh, and San Francisco; and seven states: Colorado, Florida, Hawaii, North Carolina, Rhode Island, Vermont, and West Virginia. The cross-site assessment focused on the following questions: • What were the variations in the structure, auspices, and leadership across the sites? • How did the demographic, policy, economic, and political contexts vary across the sites? • What was the range of activities and accomplishments across the sites? • What were the most common positive and negative mediating factors across the sites? • How did the sites perceive the strengths and limitations of the Starting Points initiative? • What were the collective lessons and implications for future multisite early childhood systems change initiatives? Findings from the assessment, based on reviews of written materials, interviews and debriefing of key informants, and analysis of the data, are highlighted below. The full report is available on the Internet at www.nccp.org and in paper from the Publications Department of NCCP. Profiles of the individual Starting Points sites are also on NCCP’s Web site.
Locally Inaccessible Information as a Fundamental Ingredient to Quantum Information
Creators: name: Fanchini, F. F.
name: Castelano, L. K.
name: Cornelio, M. F.
name: de Oliveira, M. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum discord (QD) measures the fraction of the pairwise mutual information that is locally inaccessible, in a multipartite system. Fundamental aspects related to two important measures in quantum information theory the Entanglement of Formation (EOF) and the conditional entropy, can be understood in terms of the distribution of this form of Local Inaccessible Information (LII). As such, the EOF for an arbitrarily mixed bipartite system AB can be related to the gain or loss of LII due to the extra knowledge that a purifying ancillary system E has on the pair AB. Similarly, a clear meaning of the negativity of the conditional entropy for AB is given. We exemplify by showing that these relations elucidate important and yet not well understood quantum features, such as the bipartite entanglement sudden death and the distinction between EOF and QD for quantifying quantum correlation. For that we introduce the concept of LII flow which quantifies the LII shared in multipartite system when a sequential local measurements are performed.
description: We relate the entanglement and the conditional entropy exclusively as a function of quantum discord. Final Version
Additional file 2 of Risk of transmission of foot-and-mouth disease by wild animals: infection dynamics in Japanese wild boar following direct inoculation or contact exposure
Creators: name: Fukai, Katsuhiko
name: Kawaguchi, Rie
name: Nishi, Tatsuya
name: Ikezawa, Mitsutaka
name: Yamada, Manabu
name: Seeyo, Kingkarn Boonsuya
name: Morioka, Kazuki
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2. Antigen detection in tissue samples from wild boar intraorally inoculated with O/TAI/315/2016 in Experiment 1.
NFDI4Culture - Impact and Services
Creators: name: Pittroff, Sarah
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: NFDI4Culture
Forschungsdatenmanagement
Nationale Forschungsdateninfrastruktur
Culture Helpdesk
Culture Information Portal
Linked Open Data
Research Data
Cultural Heritage

description: Präsentation von Sarah Pittroff, Culture Coordination Office, über die Arbeitsfelder und Services des NFDI-Konsortiums NFDI4Culture – Konsortium für Forschungsdaten materieller und immaterieller Kulturgüter.
Child Care by Kith and Kin: Supporting Family, Friends, and Neighbors Caring for Children
Creators: name: Collins, Ann
name: Carlson, Barbara
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1998
Subjects: Child care
Caregivers
Neighbors
Children--Home care

description: In the last decade, one area of focus for those concerned with child care has been caregivers who do not consider themselves to be professionals but routinely care for children while parents work or prepare for work. There are many names for this care—informal child care, license-exempt family child care and relative care, child care by family friends and neighbors, and child care by kith and kin. Given that the child care field has had difficulty coming up with a common name for this category (or these categories) of individuals, it is not surprising that the field also is still in the process of building consensus on the nature of appropriate policies and program strategies to support these caregivers. A significant proportion of public subsidies go to kith and kin caregivers, and child care policymakers and others believe that increasing numbers of families will use subsidized care of this nature as a consequence of welfare changes. Therefore, there is increasing interest in identifying what, if anything, can and should be done for children, families, and caregivers involved in kith and kin child care. This issue brief provides an overview of the issue; describes what research tells us about kith and kin child care, traditional policy approaches, and new approaches to reach out to kith and kin child care providers; and identifies implications for policies, program strategies, and further research. The information summarized in this issue brief is intended to inform the public dialogue about kith and kin care and serve as a starting point for those interested in developing programs and policies and reviewing recent research related to kith and kin child care.
Exclusive $b \bar b$ pair production and irreducible background to the exclusive Higgs boson production
Creators: name: Maciula, Rafal
name: Pasechnik, Roman
name: Szczurek, Antoni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculated the cross section for the exclusive double diffractive $b\bar b$ production in $pp\to p(b\bar b)p$ reaction at LHC. Large cross sections are obtained (3 -- 10 nb). This process constitutes the irreducible background to the exclusive Higgs production and is of particular importance in the upcoming Higgs boson searches. The distribution in invariant mass of the $b \bar b$ pair is calculated and compared with the corresponding contribution from the Higgs decay. The contribution from the exclusive production of $Z^0$ and its decay as well as the contribution from the $γγ\to b \bar b$ subprocess are also presented for the first time. The influence of cuts on the signal-to-background ratio is discussed.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures, figures and discussion has been added
Class of invariants for the 2D time-dependent Landau problem and harmonic oscillator in a magnetic field
Creators: name: Fiore, Gaetano
name: Gouba, Laure
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider an isotropic two dimensional harmonic oscillator with arbitrarily time-dependent mass $M(t)$ and frequency $Ω(t)$ in an arbitrarily time-dependent magnetic field $B(t)$. We determine two commuting invariant observables (in the sense of Lewis and Riesenfeld) $L,I$ in terms of some solution of an auxiliary ordinary differential equation and an orthonormal basis of the Hilbert space consisting of joint eigenvectors $ϕ_λ$ of $L,I$. We then determine time-dependent phases $α_λ(t)$ such that the $ψ_λ(t)=e^{iα_λ}ϕ_λ$ are solutions of the time-dependent Schrödinger equation and make up an orthonormal basis of the Hilbert space. These results apply, in particular to a two dimensional Landau problem with time-dependent $M,B$, which is obtained from the above just by setting $Ω(t) \equiv 0$. By a mere redefinition of the parameters, these results can be applied also to the analogous models on the canonical non-commutative plane.
description: 13 pages, 3 references added
Additional file 3 of Risk of transmission of foot-and-mouth disease by wild animals: infection dynamics in Japanese wild boar following direct inoculation or contact exposure
Creators: name: Fukai, Katsuhiko
name: Kawaguchi, Rie
name: Nishi, Tatsuya
name: Ikezawa, Mitsutaka
name: Yamada, Manabu
name: Seeyo, Kingkarn Boonsuya
name: Morioka, Kazuki
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 3. Antigen detection in tissue samples from animals intraorally inoculated with O/TAI/315/2016 and in contact animals in Experiment 2.
Helping Young Children Who Have Experienced Trauma: Policies and Strategies for Early Care and Education
Creators: name: Bartlett, Jessica Dym
name: Smith, Sheila
name: Bringewatt, Elizabeth
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Psychic trauma in children
Early childhood education
Children--Services for
Poor children

description: In almost every early care and education (ECE) program across the country, there are children who have experienced trauma or who will, during their early childhood, experience traumatic events. Trauma in early childhood takes many forms, including abuse or neglect, witnessing violence, and having prolonged separation from or loss of a parent. An extensive body of research has documented the negative impacts of trauma on young children’s behavior, learning, and other long-term school- and health-related outcomes. The prevalence of early childhood trauma is difficult to establish, as researchers typically focus on specific forms (e.g., child abuse and neglect). However, one study found that 70 percent of children endure three or more adverse childhood experiences—highly stressful or traumatic events—by the time they reach 6 years old. The high prevalence of trauma and the potential magnitude of its effects underscore a critical mandate for ECE programs and associated systems: to identify and implement promising strategies for supporting the healthy development of children who are victims of trauma. Children in families at all economic levels experience trauma, but early childhood trauma occurs more often in families facing financial hardship. Because many young children spend long hours in ECE programs, it is important to understand the challenges of children who experience trauma, of their families, and of their teachers. It is equally important to identify features of programs (both center-based and in homes) that help these children form positive relationships, feel safe and secure, and enjoy learning and playing with their peers and caregivers.
Forschungsdaten im Bereich Darstellende Kunst / Theaterwissenschaft. Inszenierungsdaten am Beispiel Theatermobilität
Creators: name: Tiefenbacher, Sara
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: performing arts
research data
theatre mobility

description: Slides of a presentation held (in German) at the NFDI4Culture Forum Data Publication and Archiving #3
 Use Cases - How do you archive and publish your research data?
Local and Global Well-Posedness for Aggregation Equations and Patlak-Keller-Segel Models with Degenerate Diffusion
Creators: name: Bedrossian, Jacob
name: Rodríguez, Nancy
name: Bertozzi, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Recently, there has been a wide interest in the study of aggregation equations and Patlak-Keller-Segel (PKS) models for chemotaxis with degenerate diffusion. The focus of this paper is the unification and generalization of the well-posedness theory of these models. We prove local well-posedness on bounded domains for dimensions $d\geq 2$ and in all of space for $d\geq 3$, the uniqueness being a result previously not known for PKS with degenerate diffusion. We generalize the notion of criticality for PKS and show that subcritical problems are globally well-posed. For a fairly general class of problems, we prove the existence of a critical mass which sharply divides the possibility of finite time blow up and global existence. Moreover, we compute the critical mass for fully general problems and show that solutions with smaller mass exists globally. For a class of supercritical problems we prove finite time blow up is possible for initial data of arbitrary mass.
description: 31 pages
A Set of Graphical Design criteria for Slotted Liners in SteamAssisted Gravity Drainage Production Wells
Creators: name: Chenxi Wang; Yu Pang; Mahdi Mahmoudi; Mohammad Haftani; Mahmoud Salimi; Vahidoddin Fattahpour; Alireza Nouri
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Libraries
Year: 2018

Abstract
Hemisystems of small flock generalized quadrangles
Creators: name: Bamberg, John
name: Giudici, Michael
name: Royle, Gordon F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05B25

description: In this paper, we describe a complete computer classification of the hemisystems in the two known flock generalized quadrangles of order $(5^2,5)$ and give numerous further examples of hemisystems in all the known flock generalized quadrangles of order $(s^2,s)$ for $s \le 11$. By analysing the computational data, we identify two possible new infinite families of hemisystems in the classical generalized quadrangle $H(3,q^2)$.
description: slight revisions made following referee's reports, and included raw data
Additional file 4 of Risk of transmission of foot-and-mouth disease by wild animals: infection dynamics in Japanese wild boar following direct inoculation or contact exposure
Creators: name: Fukai, Katsuhiko
name: Kawaguchi, Rie
name: Nishi, Tatsuya
name: Ikezawa, Mitsutaka
name: Yamada, Manabu
name: Seeyo, Kingkarn Boonsuya
name: Morioka, Kazuki
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 4. Detection of viral RNA in clinical samples by RT-PCR and of antibodies by VNT and ELISA in animals intraorally inoculated with O/TAI/315/2016 and in contact animals in Experiment 2.
Children's Mental Health: Facts for Policymakers
Creators: name: Masi, Rachel
name: Cooper, Janice L.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2006
Subjects: Mental health policy
Child mental health services
Child development
Child mental health

description: Mental health is a key component in a child’s healthy development. Children need to be healthy in order to learn, grow, and lead productive lives. There are effective treatments, services, and supports that can help children and youth with mental health problems and those at risk to thrive and live successfully. Most children and youth in need of mental health services do not receive them.
Temporal cavity solitons in a delayed model of a dispersive cavity ring laser
Creators: name: Pimenov, Alexander
name: Amiranashvili, Shalva
name: Vladimirov, Andrei
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Temporal cavity solitons
subject: semiconductor laser
subject: chromatic dispersion
subject: time-delay model
subject: large delay
subject: 05.45.-a
subject: 02.30.Ks
subject: 42.55.Px
subject: 42.65.Pc
subject: 42.65.Tg

description: Nonlinear localised structures appear as solitary states in systems with multistability and hysteresis. In particular, localised structures of light known as temporal cavity solitons were observed recently experimentally in driven Kerr-cavities operating in the anomalous dispersion regime when one of the two bistable spatially homogeneous steady states exhibits a modulational instability. We use a distributed delay system to study theoretically the formation of temporal cavity solitons in an optically injected ring semiconductor-based fiber laser, and propose an approach to derive reduced delay-differential equation models taking into account the dispersion of the intracavity fiber delay line. Using these equations we perform the stability and bifurcation analysis of injection-locked CW states and temporal cavity solitons.
Statement on Establishing a Modern Poverty Measure
Creators: name: Cauthen, Nancy K.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2008
Subjects: Poverty--Measurement
Poverty--Health aspects
Cost and standard of living
Poor--Government policy

description: I am submitting comments on behalf of the National Center for Children in Poverty (NCCP) to express support for the ideas presented in the draft legislation, the “Measuring American Poverty Act.” The proposal addresses a number of issues I raised in testimony given a year ago at this subcommittee’s hearing on “Measuring Poverty in America” (Cauthen 2007). In brief, I argued that: Because poverty exacts such a high toll on our society, it is critical that we measure it in a meaningful way so that we can address it and measure the degree to which our anti-poverty policies are successful. The National Academy of Sciences’ (NAS) 1995 recommendations for improving the official poverty measure offer the most promising – and efficacious – approach to creating a more accurate measure of income poverty. In a wealthy, advanced industrial society such as ours, it is imperative that we supplement measures of income poverty with additional indicators of the health and well-being of our nation’s citizens, especially our youngest. The draft bill addresses all of these points, at least to some degree. This statement further articulates why NCCP supports the substantive intent of the draft bill. It also outlines some additional steps that must be taken if we are to improve our nation’s ability to accurately assess the health and well-being of our citizens.
On the quantum filtration of the universal sl(2) foam cohomology
Creators: name: Caprau, Carmen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57M27

description: We investigate the filtered theory corresponding to the universal sl(2) foam cohomology $H_{a,h}$ for links, where a and h are complex numbers. We show that there is a spectral sequence converging to $H_{a,h}$ which is invariant under the Reidemeister moves, and whose E1 term is isomorphic to Khovanov homology. This spectral sequence can be used to obtain from the foam perspective an analogue of the Rasmussen invariant and a lower bound for the slice genus of a knot.
description: 10 pages, many figures; typos corrected and some changes made in the exposition at referee's suggestions
Andromeda Galaxy - snapshot
Creators: name: Fistaszek
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: http://eurovoc.europa.eu/3790

description: The Andromeda Galaxy (IPA: /ænˈdrɒmɪdə/), also known as Messier 31, M31, or NGC 224 and originally the Andromeda Nebula (see below), is a barred spiral galaxy approximately 2.5 million light-years (770 kiloparsecs) from Earth and the nearest large galaxy to the Milky Way.[6] The galaxy's name stems from the area of Earth's sky in which it appears, the constellation of Andromeda, which itself is named after the Ethiopian (or Phoenician) princess who was the wife of Perseus in Greek mythology. The virial mass of the Andromeda Galaxy is of the same order of magnitude as that of the Milky Way, at 1 trillion solar masses (2.0×1042 kilograms). The mass of either galaxy is difficult to estimate with any accuracy, but it was long thought that the Andromeda Galaxy is more massive than the Milky Way by a margin of some 25% to 50%. This has been called into question by a 2018 study that cited a lower estimate on the mass of the Andromeda Galaxy,[10] combined with preliminary reports on a 2019 study estimating a higher mass of the Milky Way.[11][12] The Andromeda Galaxy has a diameter of about 220,000 ly (67 kpc), making it the largest member of the Local Group in terms of extension. The number of stars contained in the Andromeda Galaxy is estimated at one trillion (1×1012), or roughly twice the number estimated for the Milky Way.[13][needs update] The Milky Way and Andromeda galaxies are expected to collide in around 4-5 billion years,[14] merging to form a giant elliptical galaxy[15] or a large lenticular galaxy.[16] With an apparent magnitude of 3.4, the Andromeda Galaxy is among the brightest of the Messier objects,[17] making it visible to the naked eye from Earth on moonless nights,[18] even when viewed from areas with moderate light pollution.
description: Research Object in rohub2020: https://w3id.org/ro-id/b43793d4-a6f5-4757-bd4b-a4db739ad8a7
Welfare Research, 1999 and Beyond
Creators: name: Berrey, Ellen C.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Child welfare--Research
subject: Social policy
subject: Public welfare--Research
subject: Social sciences
subject: FOS: Social sciences

description: Many large-scale, ongoing welfare research projects will release interim or final reports in 1999. In addition, the federal government is funding studies about different populations and programs that, in general, have not been the subject of welfare research. This article describes: © Recent findings from some of the large-scale welfare waiver experiments and major national research efforts; © Relatively new federally-funded research projects; and © The evaluations that expect to release final reports in 1999. This research is contributing to an extensive body of knowledge about the effects of the welfare waiver programs initiated in the early 1990’s, the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996 (PRWORA), and related social policies. The Research Forum is currently keeping track of these and other research projects. Of the 43 large-scale research projects in the Research Forum’s on-line database, 27 have impact studies (20 of which are controlled experiments). Also included are implementation studies (some of which relate to the impact research), child outcomes studies embedded in larger impact studies, and policy analyses. Many smaller projects are also underway. Summaries of the 43 large-scale projects and 60 small-scale projects, names of individuals to contact for additional project information, and existing and forthcoming publications are all accessible at the Forum’s web site: www.researchforum.org.
Additional file 5 of Risk of transmission of foot-and-mouth disease by wild animals: infection dynamics in Japanese wild boar following direct inoculation or contact exposure
Creators: name: Fukai, Katsuhiko
name: Kawaguchi, Rie
name: Nishi, Tatsuya
name: Ikezawa, Mitsutaka
name: Yamada, Manabu
name: Seeyo, Kingkarn Boonsuya
name: Morioka, Kazuki
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 5. Detection of viral RNA in clinical samples by RT-PCR and of antibodies by VNT and ELISA in animals intradermally inoculated with A/MOG/2013 and in contact animals in Experiment 3.
Initial eccentricity fluctuations and their relation to higher-order flow harmonics
Creators: name: Lacey, Roy A.
name: Wei, Rui
name: Jia, J.
name: Ajitanand, N. N.
name: Taranenko, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Monte Carlo simulations are used to compute the centrality dependence of the participant eccentricities ($ε_{n}$) in Au+Au collisions, for the two primary models currently employed for eccentricity estimates -- the Glauber and the factorized Kharzeev-Levin-Nardi (fKLN) models. They suggest specific testable predictions for the magnitude and centrality dependence of the flow coefficients $v_n$, respectively measured relative to the event planes $Ψ_n$. They also indicate that the ratios of several of these coefficients may provide an additional constraint for distinguishing between the models. Such a constraint could be important for a more precise determination of the specific viscosity of the matter produced in heavy ion collisions.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures, published version
Z' Bosons at Colliders: a Bayesian Viewpoint
Creators: name: Erler, Jens
name: Langacker, Paul
name: Munir, Shoaib
name: Rojas, Eduardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit the CDF data on di-muon production to impose constraints on a large class of Z' bosons occurring in a variety of E_6 GUT based models. We analyze the dependence of these limits on various factors contributing to the production cross-section, showing that currently systematic and theoretical uncertainties play a relatively minor role. Driven by this observation, we emphasize the use of the Bayesian statistical method, which allows us to straightforwardly (i) vary the gauge coupling strength, g', of the underlying U(1)'; (ii) include interference effects with the Z' amplitude (which are especially important for large g'); (iii) smoothly vary the U(1)' charges; (iv) combine these data with the electroweak precision constraints as well as with other observables obtained from colliders such as LEP 2 and the LHC; and (v) find preferred regions in parameter space once an excess is seen. We adopt this method as a complementary approach for a couple of sample models and find limits on the Z' mass, generally differing by only a few percent from the corresponding CDF ones when we follow their approach. Another general result is that the interference effects are quite relevant if one aims at discriminating between models. Finally, the Bayesian approach frees us of any ad hoc assumptions about the number of events needed to constitute a signal or exclusion limit for various actual and hypothetical reference energies and luminosities at the Tevatron and the LHC.
description: PDFLaTeX, 24 pages, 7 figures. Version with improved tables and figures
Transport barrier for the radial diffusion due to the ExB drift motion of guiding centers in cylindrical confinement geometry
Creators: name: Izacard, Olivier
name: Tronko, Natalia
name: Chandre, Cristel
name: Ciraolo, Guido
name: Vittot, Michel
name: Ghendrih, Philippe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the radial transport of test particles due to the ExB drift motion in the guiding center approximation. Using an explicit expression to modify the electrostatic potential, we show that it is possible to construct a transport barrier which suppresses radial transport. We propose an algorithm for the implementation of this local modification computed from an electrostatic potential known on a spatio-temporal grid. The number of particles which escape the inner region defined by the barrier measures the efficiency of the control. We show that the control is robust by showing a significant reduction of radial transport, when applied with a reduced number of probes aligned on a circle.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures, 1 column
Toward a National Strategy to Improve Family, Friend, and Neighbor Child Care
Creators: name: Kreader, J. Lee
name: Lawrence, Sharmila M.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2006
Subjects: Child care
Babysitters
Neighbors
Children--Home care
Caregivers

description: Family, friend, and neighbor (FFN) child care is a widely used form of care for young children in the United States, particularly for children birth through age 2. It accounts for 46 percent of the hours these youngest children spend in nonparental care. Thirty-three experts from a range of research, policy, and practice organizations came together for a symposium on FFN care on November 2, 2005 entitled: Improving Family, Friend, and Neighbor Care: Toward a National Strategy. (See Appendix B for a participant list.) This symposium report outlines the picture of current FFN research, practice, and policy that emerged and identifies next steps to strengthen all three areas. A major step that would support practice, policy, and research alike is to increase public awareness of the widespread use of FFN care by families of all economic levels and ethnicities. The goals of the symposium were to: Review research, policy, and program issues related to improving the quality of family, friend, and neighbor care for children from infancy through school-age. Develop a set of recommendations for state and federal action, and foundation and other private sector initiatives to improve policies, expand research, and improve programming for young children and their families using FFN care. Supported by the Annie E. Casey Foundation, the A. L. Mailman Family Foundation, and the Rauch Foundation, the symposium was organized by the National Center for Children in Poverty (NCCP) of the Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University and held in Baltimore, Maryland. Welcomes were extended by Ruth Mayden (Casey Foundation), Luba Lynch (Mailman Foundation), Daphny Leveille (Rauch Foundation), and Lee Kreader (NCCP).
Search for Higgs Bosons Produced in Association with b-Quarks
Creators: name: CDF Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a search for neutral Higgs bosons decaying into b-bbar, produced in association with b quarks in p-pbar collisions. This process could be observable in supersymmetric models with high values of tan(beta). The event sample corresponds to 2.6/fb of integrated luminosity collected with the CDF II detector at the Fermilab Tevatron collider. We search for an enhancement in the mass of the two lead jets in events with three jets identified as coming from b quarks using a displaced vertex algorithm. A data-driven procedure is used to estimate the dijet mass spectrum of the non-resonant multijet background. The contributions of backgrounds and possible signal are determined by a two-dimensional fit of the data, using the dijet mass together with an additional variable which is sensitive to the flavor composition of the three tagged jets. We set mass-dependent limits on sigma(p-pbar-->phi b) X BR(phi-->b-bbar) which are applicable for a narrow scalar particle phi produced in association with b quarks. We also interpret the results as limits on tan(beta) in supersymmetric Higgs models including the effects of the Higgs boson width.
description: submitted to Phys. Rev. D
Basic Facts About Low-Income Children: Birth to Age 6
Creators: name: Douglas-Hall, Ayana
name: Chau, Michelle M.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Poor children
subject: Economics--Sociological aspects
subject: Poor--Education
subject: Poor families
subject: Demography
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Fact sheet about low-income children, birth to age 6.
Responsible Fatherhood and Welfare: How States Can Use the New Law to Help Children
Creators: name: Bernard, Stanley
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Fatherhood
subject: Social sciences
subject: FOS: Social sciences
subject: Social policy
subject: Father and child
subject: Public welfare

description: Fathers play two integral and related roles in promoting their children’s well-being: (1) they provide their children economic support to ensure that basic needs are met and (2) they provide a safe and nurturing environment while working with other caregivers and institutions to help their children grow to healthy adulthood. However, over the past two decades, the number of children growing up without a father has increased by 56 percent. Although most children still grow up in two-parent families, over 16 million children live in homes affected by father absence, generally because they are born to unwed parents or are affected by divorce.3 Research on promoting responsible fatherhood suggests that when fathers provide for their children economically and are regularly and positively connected to them, whether or not the father lives in the home, children do better emotionally and have fewer behavioral problems.4 Thus, encouraging responsible fatherhood is central to an agenda for children in the context of welfare reform. Such an agenda is based on the fact that welfare reform can affect children in any of three central ways: (1) by affecting family income, (2) by affecting parenting styles and levels of parental stress, and (3) by affecting the quality of services that children receive. Welfare reform efforts that consider fathers’ value to the family as it relates to each of these issues can help states build an agenda for children that acknowledges the broad range of children’s needs. This issue brief discusses those provisions in the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunities Reconciliation Act of 1996—P.L. 104-193 (PRA), and those in the Balanced Budget Act of 1997 (BBA) that are related to fatherhood.* It gives some suggestions to states on how to promote responsible fatherhood given the federal laws, presents some of the previous welfare laws related to fatherhood, and provides a brief overview of PRA provisions that affect fathers.
Quarkonium dissociation in quark-gluon plasma via ionization in magnetic field
Creators: name: Marasinghe, Kevin
name: Tuchin, Kirill
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the impact of magnetic fields generated in relativistic heavy ion collisions on the decay probability of quarkonium produced in the central rapidity region. The quark and anti-quark components are subject to mutually orthogonal electric and magnetic fields in the quarkonium comoving frame. In the presence of an electric field, quarkonium has finite dissociation probability. We use the WKB approximation to derive the dissociation probability. We found that quarkonium dissociation energy, i.e. the binding energy at which dissociation probability is of order unity, increases with the magnetic field strength. It also increases with quarkonium momentum in the laboratory frame due to Lorentz boost of electric field in the comoving frame. As a consequence, J/Psi in plasma dissociates at lower temperature then it would be in the absence of a magnetic field. We argue that J/Psi's produced in heavy-ion collisions at LHC with P_T>9GeV would dissociate even in vacuum. In plasma, J/Psi dissociation in magnetic field is much stronger due to decrease of its binding energy with temperature. We discuss the phenomenological implications of our results.
description: 16 pages, 4 figures; v2: discussion and references added, typos fixed; v3: discussion section expanded
Basic Facts about Low-Income Children: Birth to Age 3
Creators: name: Douglas-Hall, Ayana
name: Chau, Michelle M.
name: Koball, Heather
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Poor children
subject: Economics--Sociological aspects
subject: Poor--Education
subject: Poor families
subject: Demography
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: For comparable information about all children, see Basic Facts About Low-Income Children: Birth to Age 18, or about all young children, see Basic Facts About Low-Income Children: Birth to Age 6. This fact sheet includes children who live apart from both parents (for example, foster children or children being raised by grandparents). Previous versions of this fact sheet counted children living apart from parents differently; therefore, comparisons with versions published prior to September 2006 are not valid.
The Transformation Operator for One-Dimensional Schroedinger Operators on Almost Periodic Infinite-Gap Backgrounds
Creators: name: Grunert, Katrin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary: 34A25, Secondary: 34L40, 44A20

description: We investigate the kernels of the transformation operators for one-dimensional Schroedinger operators with potentials, which are asymptotically close to Bohr almost periodic infinite-gap potentials.
description: 23 pages
Basic Facts about Low-Income Children: Birth to Age 6
Creators: name: Douglas-Hall, Ayana
name: Chau, Michelle M.
name: Koball, Heather
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Poor children
subject: Economics--Sociological aspects
subject: Poor--Education
subject: Poor families
subject: Demography
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: For comparable information about all children, see Basic Facts About Low-Income Children: Birth to Age 18, or about infants and toddlers, see Basic Facts About Low-Income Children: Birth to Age 3. This fact sheet includes children who live apart from both parents (for example, foster children or children being raised by grandparents). Previous versions of this fact sheet counted children living apart from parents differently; therefore, comparisons with versions published prior to September 2006 are not valid.
Baryogenesis from a right-handed neutrino condensate
Creators: name: Barenboim, Gabriela
name: Rasero, Javier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the baryon asymmetry of the Universe can be generated by a strongly coupled right handed neutrino condensate which also drives inflation. The resulting model has only a small number of parameters, which completely determine not only the baryon asymmetry of the Universe and the mass of the right handed neutrino but also the inflationary phase. This feature allows us to make predictions that will be tested by current and planned experiments. As compared to the usual approach our dynamical framework is both economical and predictive.
description: 13 pages, 3 figures. Typos corrected and several points clarified. Results unchanged. New references added
Basic Facts About Low-Income Children: Birth to Age 6
Creators: name: Douglas-Hall, Ayana
name: Chau, Michelle M.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Poor children
subject: Economics--Sociological aspects
subject: Poor--Education
subject: Poor families
subject: Demography
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Fact sheet about low-income children, birth to age 6.
Consistent Levi Civita truncation uniquely characterizes the Lovelock Lagrangians
Creators: name: Dadhich, Naresh
name: Pons, Josep M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We define the concept of Levi Civita truncation for a Lagrangian in the Palatini formulation with an arbitrary connection, and show that its consistency uniquely identifies the Lovelock Lagrangians.
description: 10 pages. Title slightly changed to emphasize the result. Matches published version
Additional file 2 of Transcriptome and population structure of glassy-winged sharpshooters (Homalodisca vitripennis) with varying insecticide resistance in southern California
Creators: name: Ettinger, Cassandra L.
name: Byrne, Frank J.
name: de Souza Pacheco, Inaiara
name: Brown, Dylan J.
name: Walling, Linda L.
name: Atkinson, Peter W.
name: Redak, Richard A.
name: Stajich, Jason E.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2: Figure s1. Phylogeny of all cytochrome P450s and their relative expression levels. The eight cytochrome P450s that were differentially expressed between insecticide-resistant and susceptible glassy winged sharpshooters, and which had higher expression in resistant individuals, are highlighted in the tree in orange. A heatmap displays the variance stabilized counts for each cytochrome P450 across all sharpshooters sampled.
Enhancing electromagnetically-induced transparency in a multilevel broadened medium
Creators: name: Scherman, M.
name: Mishina, O. S.
name: Lombardi, P.
name: Giacobino, E.
name: Laurat, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electromagnetically-induced transparency has become an important tool to control the optical properties of dense media. However, in a broad class of systems, the interplay between inhomogeneous broadening and the existence of several excited levels may lead to a vanishing transparency. Here, by identifying the underlying physical mechanisms resulting in this effect, we show that transparency can be strongly enhanced. We thereby demonstrate a 5-fold enhancement in a room-temperature vapor of alkali-metal atoms via a specific shaping of the atomic velocity distribution.
Basic Facts About Low-income Children: Children Aged 6 through 11 Years, 2013
Creators: name: Jiang, Yang
name: Ekono, Mercedes M.
name: Skinner, Curtis
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Poor children
subject: Economics--Sociological aspects
subject: Poor--Education
subject: Poor families
subject: Demography
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Children under 18 years represent 23 percent of the population, but they comprise 33 percent of all people in poverty.1 Among all children, 44 percent live in low-income families and approximately one in every five (22 percent) live in poor families. Similarly, among children in middle childhood (age 6 through 11 years), 45 percent live in low-income families and 22 percent live in poor families. Being a child in a low-income or poor family does not happen by chance. Parental education and employment, race/ethnicity, and other factors are associated with children experiencing economic insecurity. This fact sheet describes the demographic, socioeconomic, and employment characteristics of children in middle childhood and their parents. It highlights the important factors that appear to distinguish low-income and poor children in this age group from their less disadvantaged counterparts.