cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Hall Effect Mobility of Epitaxial Graphene Grown on Silicon Carbide
Creators: name: Tedesco, Joseph L.
name: VanMil, Brenda L.
name: Myers-Ward, Rachael L.
name: McCrate, Joseph M.
name: Kitt, Stephen A.
name: Campbell, Paul M.
name: Jernigan, Glenn G.
name: Culbertson, James C.
name: Eddy,, Charles R.
name: Gaskill, D. Kurt
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Epitaxial graphene films were grown in vacuo by silicon sublimation from the (0001) and (000-1) faces of 4H- and 6H-SiC. Hall effect mobilities and sheet carrier densities of the films were measured at 300 K and 77 K and the data depended on the growth face. About 40% of the samples exhibited holes as the dominant carrier, independent of face. Generally, mobilities increased with decreasing carrier density, independent of carrier type and substrate polytype. The contributions of scattering mechanisms to the conductivities of the films are discussed. The results suggest that for near-intrinsic carrier densities at 300 K epitaxial graphene mobilities will be ~150,000 cm2V-1s-1 on the (000-1) face and ~5,800 cm2V-1s-1 on the (0001) face.
description: Accepted for publication in Applied Physics Letters, 10 pages, 2 figures
Vision Transformers for Small Histological Datasets Learned through Knowledge Distillation
Creators: name: Kanwal, Neel
name: Eftestol, Trygve
name: Khoraminia, Farbod
name: Zuiverloon, Tahlita CM
name: Engan, Kjersti
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Computational Pathology (CPATH) systems have the potential to automate diagnostic tasks. However, the artifacts on the digitized histological glass slides, known as Whole Slide Images (WSIs), may hamper the overall performance of CPATH systems. Deep Learning (DL) models such as Vision Transformers (ViTs) may detect and exclude artifacts before running the diagnostic algorithm. A simple way to develop robust and generalized ViTs is to train them on massive datasets. Unfortunately, acquiring large medical datasets is expensive and inconvenient, prompting the need for a generalized artifact detection method for WSIs. In this paper, we present a student-teacher recipe to improve the classification performance of ViT for the air bubbles detection task. ViT, trained under the student-teacher framework, boosts its performance by distilling existing knowledge from the high-capacity teacher model. Our best-performing ViT yields 0.961 and 0.911 F1-score and MCC, respectively, observing a 7% gain in MCC against stand-alone training. The proposed method presents a new perspective of leveraging knowledge distillation over transfer learning to encourage the use of customized transformers for efficient preprocessing pipelines in the CPATH systems.
description: Accepted at PAKDD 2023
New target tracking and monitoring guidance laws for UAV
Creators: name: Regina, Niki <1982>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2011
Subjects: ING-INF/04 Automatica
MAT/09 Ricerca operativa

description: A pursuer UAV tracking and loitering around a target is the problem analyzed in this thesis. The UAV is assumed to be a fixed-wing vehicle and constant airspeed together with bounded lateral accelerations are the main constraints of the problem. Three different guidance laws are designed for ensuring a continuos overfly on the target. Different proofs are presented to demonstrate the stability properties of the laws. All the algorithms are tested on a 6DoF Pioneer software simulator. Classic control design methods have been adopted to develop autopilots for implementig the simulation platform used for testing the guidance laws.
Abell 1201: The anatomy of a cold front cluster from combined optical and X-ray data
Creators: name: Owers, Matt S.
name: Nulsen, Paul E. J.
name: Couch, Warrick J.
name: Markevitch, Maxim
name: Poole, Gregory B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a combined X-ray and optical analysis of the cold front cluster Abell 1201 using archival Chandra, data and multi-object spectroscopy taken with the 3.9m Anglo Australian and 6.5m Multiple Mirror Telescopes. This paper represents the first in a series presenting a study of a sample of cold front clusters selected from the Chandra, archives with the aim of relating cold fronts to merger activity, understanding the dynamics of mergers and their effect on the cluster constituents. The Chandra X-ray imagery of Abell 1201 reveals two conspicuous surface brightness discontinuities, which are shown to be cold fronts, and a remnant core structure. Temperature maps reveal a complex multi-phase temperature structure with regions of hot gas interspersed with fingers of cold gas. Our optical analysis is based on a sample of 321 confirmed members, whose mean redshift is z=0.1673 +/- 0.0002 and velocity dispersion is 778 +/- 36 km/s. We search for dynamical substructure and find clear evidence for multiple localized velocity substructures coincident with over-densities in the galaxy surface density. Most notably, we find structure coincident with the remnant X-ray core. Despite the clear evidence for dynamical activity, we find the peculiar velocity distribution does not deviate significantly from Gaussian. We apply two-body dynamical analyses in order to assess which of the substructures are bound, and thus dynamically important in terms of the cluster merger history. We propose that the cold fronts in Abell 1201 are a consequence of its merger with a smaller subunit, which has induced gas motions that gave rise to `sloshing' cold fronts. Abell 1201 illustrates the value of combining multi-wavelength data and multiple substructure detection techniques when attempting to ascertain the dynamical state of a cluster.
description: 20 pages, 16 figures. Accepted for publication in ApJ. Full resolution version can be downloaded at: http://astronomy.swin.edu.au/~mowers/a1201.paper.v6.apj.pdf
Large deviations of empirical zero point measures on Riemann surfaces, I: $g = 0$
Creators: name: Zeitouni, O.
name: Zelditch, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove an LDP for the empirical measure of complex zeros of a Gaussian random complex polynomial of degree N of one variable as N tends to infinity. The Gaussian measure is induced by an inner product defined by a smooth weight (Hermitian metric) $h$ and a Bernstein-Markov measure $ν$. The speed is N^2 and the the unique minimizer of the rate function $I$ is the weighted equilibrium measure $ν_{h, K}$ with respect to $h$ on the support $K$ of $ν$.
New findings on primary and acquired resistance to anti-EGFR therapy in metastatic colorectal cancer: Do all roads lead to RAS?
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2015
Subjects: RAS
colorectal cancer
epidermal growth factor receptor
cetuximab
panitumumab

description: Anti-epidermal growth factor receptor therapy with the monoclonal antibodies cetuximab and panitumumab is the main targeted treatment to combine with standard chemotherapy for metastatic colorectal cancer. Many clinical studies have shown the benefit of the addition of these agents for patients without mutations in the EGFR pathway. Many biomarkers, including KRAS and NRAS mutations, BRAF mutations, PIK3CA mutations, PTEN loss, AREG and EREG expression, and HER-2 amplification have already been identified to select responders to anti-EGFR agents. Among these alterations KRAS and NRAS mutations are currently recognized as the best predictive factors for primary resistance. Liquid biopsy, which helps to isolate circulating tumor DNA, is an innovative method to study both primary and acquired resistance to anti- EGFR monoclonal antibodies. However, high-sensitivity techniques should be used to enable the identification of a wide set of gene mutations related to resistance.
On optimization in probabilistic design
Creators: name: Tutek, Mehmet N.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: In classical design the inputs to the design process, namely the relevant material property M and the load L are taken as deterministic values. The probabilistic design approach recognizes the variation in design inputs, and the consequent random behavior of these variables. The material property varies from one lot of production to another and within the same production lot. The applied load to a particular specimen varies widely within some range. The design output, a dimensional parameter A, also varies within the given range of tolerances, and therefore is randomly distributed among specimens. Failure occurs at the first instance the load value L is larger than the resisting strength of the material, S. Among n load applications the first exceedance of S by L results in failure. The relevant load variable is therefore the extreme value of a number n of loads that correspond to a given design mission time. Within this framework, design reliability and mission time emerge as the appropriate design inputs. In probabilistic design the designer has a wide range of choice for both input parameters, reliability R and mission time n. In this Thesis, the optimal combination of n and R is determined in a logical way. A cost-benefit analysis is made, resulting in an optimal combination using the benefit and cost to the decision maker. Since benefit is relative, the information required to determine the benefit function is acquired from the decision maker through several questions and a "reference gamble". Cost is analyzed and a cost function is constructed. Using the benefit and cost functions, indifference and constant cost functions are derived, resulting in suboptimal combinations of R and n. The optimal combination is chosen among the suboptimal combinations by minimizing the cost-benefit ratio. An example is presented to illustrate this decision model.
Stereoselective synthesis of heterocycles as intermediates of biologically active compounds
Creators: name: Mosconi, Elisa <1981>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2011
Subjects: CHIM/06 Chimica organica

description: The aim of this thesis was to investigate the synthesis of enantiomerically enriched heterocycles and dehydro-β-amino acid derivatives which can be used as scaffolds or intermediates of biologically active compounds, in particular as novel αvβ3 and α5β1 integrin ligands. The starting materials of all the compounds here synthesized are alkylideneacetoacetates. Alkylidene derivates are very usefull compounds, they are usually used as unsaturated electrophiles and they have the advantage of introducing different kind of functionality that may be further elaborated.
In chapter 1, regio- and stereoselective allylic amination of pure carbonates is presented. The reaction proceeds via uncatalyzed or palladium-catalyzed conditions and affords enantiopure dehydro-β-amino esters that are useful precursor of biologically active compounds. Chapter 2 illustrates the synthesis of substituted isoxazolidines and isoxazolines via Michael addition followed by intramolecular hemiketalisation. The investigation on the effect of the Lewis acid catalysis on the regioselectivity of the addition it also reported. Isoxazolidines and isoxazolines are interesting heterocyclic compounds that may be regarded as unusual constrained -amino acids or as furanose mimetics. The synthesis of unusual cyclic amino acids precursors, that may be envisaged as proline analogues, as scaffolds for the design of bioactive peptidomimetics is presented in chapter 3. The synthesis of 2-substituted-3,4-dehydropyrrole derivatives starting from allylic carbonates via a two step allylic amination/ring closing metathesis (RCM) protocol is carried out. The reaction was optimized by testing different Grubbs’ catalysts and carbamate nitrogen protecting groups. Moreover, in view of a future application of these dehydro-β-amino acids as central core of peptidomimetics , the malonate chain was also used to protect nitrogen prior to RCM. Finally, chapter 4 presents the synthesis of two novel different classes of integrin antagonists, one derived from dehydro-β-amino acid prepared as described in chapter 1 and the other one has isoxazolidines synthesized in chapter 2 as rigid constrained core. Since that these compounds are promising RGD mimetics for αvβ3 and α5β1 integrins, they have been submitted to biological assay. and to interpret on a molecular basis their different affinities for the αvβ3 receptor, docking studies were performed using Glide program.
How Do UX Practitioners Communicate AI as a Design Material? Artifacts, Conceptions, and Propositions
Creators: name: Feng, K. J. Kevin
name: Coppock, Maxwell James
name: McDonald, David W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: UX practitioners (UXPs) face novel challenges when working with and communicating artificial intelligence (AI) as a design material. We explore how UXPs communicate AI concepts when given hands-on experience training and experimenting with AI models. To do so, we conducted a task-based design study with 27 UXPs in which they prototyped and created a design presentation for a AI-enabled interface while having access to a simple AI model training tool. Through analyzing UXPs' design presentations and post-activity interviews, we found that although UXPs struggled to clearly communicate some AI concepts, tinkering with AI broadened common ground when communicating with technical stakeholders. UXPs also identified key risks and benefits of AI in their designs, and proposed concrete next steps for both UX and AI work. We conclude with a sensitizing concept and recommendations for design and AI tools to enhance multi-stakeholder communication and collaboration when crafting human-centered AI experiences.
Global solvability and stability of an alarm-taxis system
Creators: name: Jin, Hai-Yang
name: Wang, Zhi-An
name: Wu, Leyun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35A01, 35B40, 35B44, 35K57, 35Q92, 92C17

description: This paper is concerned with the global boundedness and stability of classical solutions to an alarm-taxis system describing the burglar alarm hypothesis as an important mechanism of anti-predation behavior when species are threaten by predators. Compared to the existing prey-taxis systems, the alarm-taxis system has more complicated coupling structure and additionally requires the gradient estimate of the primary predator density to attain the global boundedness of solutions. By the sophisticated coupling energy estimates based on the Neumann semigroup smoothing properties, we establish the existence of globally bounded solutions in two dimensions with Neumann boundary conditions and furthermore prove the global stability of co-existence homogeneous steady states under certain conditions on the system parameters.
Role of Thermal and Non-thermal Processes in the ISM of Magellanic Clouds
Creators: name: Hassani, H.
name: Tabatabaei, F.
name: Hughes, A.
name: Chastenet, J.
name: McLeod, A. F.
name: Schinnerer, E.
name: Nasiri, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The radio continuum emission is a dust-unbiased tracer of both the thermal and non-thermal processes in the interstellar medium. We present new maps of the free-free and synchrotron emission in the Magellanic Clouds (MCs) at 0.166, 1.4, and 4.8GHz with no prior assumption about the radio non-thermal spectrum. The maps were constructed using a de-reddened H$α$ map as a template for the thermal radio emission, which we subtract from maps of the total radio continuum emission. To de-redden the H$α$ emission, it is important to know the fraction of dust surface density that attenuates the H$α$ emission along the line-of-sight, $f_\text{d}$. This fraction is obtained by comparing the dust opacity obtained through the infrared emission spectrum and the Balmer decrement method. In star-forming regions, the median $f_\text{d}$ is about 0.1 which is by a factor of 3 lower than that in diffuse regions. We obtain a global thermal radio fraction, $f_\text{th}$, of 30 per cent (35 per cent) in the LMC (SMC) at 1.4GHz. Furthermore, we present maps of the equipartition magnetic field strength with average values of $\simeq10.1μ$G in the LMC and $\simeq\,5.5\,μ$G in the SMC. The magnetic field is proportional to the star formation rate to a power of 0.24 and 0.20 for the LMC and SMC, respectively. This study shows that the non-thermal processes control the interstellar medium in the MCs.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Adaptive control performance indicators for internal combustion engines
Creators: name: North, David Lawrence
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The purpose of the investigation is to study the dynamics of the internal combustion engine-vehicle-driver system. Specifically, the system variables, engine angular velocity and engine angular acceleration are examined as potential observers of the engine mean torque. Such an observer is a requirement for the application of adaptive control to internal combustion engines. This type of control system has shown promise in providing solutions to the present problems of fuel economy, air pollution and performance. A nonlinear dynamic model of the engine-vehicle-driver system is developed. This model is linearized and simplified to provide expressions for the variables of interest, the engine angular acceleration and velocity. The validity of the simplified model is established by comparison with results obtained from the computer simulation of the nonlinear model. The agreement between the two models is good. The solutions of the equivalent system model are analyzed to determine which is the best observer for the mean torque. It is established that the steady state forced oscillatory engine angular acceleration response provides the best observer.
The Contribution of Fermi Gamma-Ray Pulsars to the local Flux of Cosmic-Ray Electrons and Positrons
Creators: name: Gendelev, Leo
name: Profumo, Stefano
name: Dormody, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the contribution of gamma-ray pulsars from the first Fermi-Large Area Telescope (LAT) catalogue to the local flux of cosmic-ray electrons and positrons (e+e-). We present new distance estimates for all Fermi gamma-ray pulsars, based on the measured gamma-ray flux and pulse shape. We then estimate the contribution of gamma-ray pulsars to the local e+e- flux, in the context of a simple model for the pulsar e+e- emission. We find that 10 of the Fermi pulsars potentially contribute significantly to the measured e+e- flux in the energy range between 100 GeV and 1 TeV. Of the 10 pulsars, 2 are old EGRET gamma-ray pulsars, 2 pulsars were discovered with radio ephemerides, and 6 were discovered with the Fermi pulsar blind-search campaign. We argue that known radio pulsars fall in regions of parameter space where the e+e- contribution is predicted to be typically much smaller than from those regions where Fermi-LAT pulsars exist. However, comparing the Fermi gamma-ray flux sensitivity to the regions of pulsar parameter space where a significant e+e- contribution is predicted, we find that a few known radio pulsars that have not yet been detected by Fermi can also significantly contribute to the local e+e- flux if (i) they are closer than 2 kpc, and if (ii) they have a characteristic age on the order of one mega-year.
description: 21 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in JCAP
Le Antichità di Bologna di Bartolomeo della Pugliola
Creators: name: Gramellini, Flavia <1980>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2008
Subjects: L-FIL-LET/09 Filologia e linguistica romanza

description: For a long time, the work of a Franciscan Friar who had lived in Bologna and in Florence during
the 13th and 14th centuries, Bartolomeo Della Pugliola, was thought to have been lost. Recent
paleographic research, however, has affirmed that most of Della Pugliola’s work, although mixed
into other authors, is contained in two manuscripts (1994 and 3843), currently kept at University
Library in Bologna. Pugliola’s chronicle is central to Bolognese medieval literature, not only
because it was the privileged source for the important work of Ramponis’ chronicle, but also
because Bartolomeo della Pugliola’s sources are several significant works such as Jacopo
Bianchetti’s lost writings and Pietro and Floriano Villolas’ chronicle (1163-1372).
Ongoing historical studies and recent discoveries enabled me to reconstruct the historical
chronology of Pugliola’s work as well as the Bolognese language between the 13th and 14th century
The original purpose of my research was to add a linguistic commentary to the edition of the text
in order to fill the gaps in medieval Bolognese language studies. In addition to being a reliable
source, Pugliola’s chronicle was widely disseminated and became a sort of vulgate. The tradition of
chronicle, through collation, allows the study of the language from a diachronic point of view. I
therefore described all the linguistics phenomena related to phonetics, morphology and syntax in
Pugliola’s text and I compared these results with variants in Villola’s and Ramponis’ chronicles. I
also did likewise with another chronicle by a 16th century merchant, Friano Ubaldini, that I edited.
This supplement helped to complete the Bolognese language outline from the 13th to the 16th
century. In order to analize the data that I collected, I tried to approach them from a sociolinguistic
point of view because each author represents a different variant of the language: closer to a scripta
and the Florentine the language used by Pugliola, closer to the dialect spoken in Bologna the
language used by Ubaldini. Differencies in handwriting especially show the models the authors
try to reproduce or imitate. The glossary I added at the end of this study can help to understand
these nuances with a number of examples.
Elastic double diffractive production of axial-vector χ_c(1^{++}) mesons and the Landau-Yang theorem
Creators: name: Pasechnik, R. S.
name: Szczurek, A.
name: Teryaev, O. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss exclusive elastic double diffractive axial-vector χ_c(1^{+}) meson production in proton-antiproton collisions at the Tevatron. The amplitude for the process is derived within the k_t-factorisation approach with unintegrated gluon distribution functions (UGDFs). We show that the famous Landau-Yang theorem is not applicable in the case of off-shell gluons. Differential cross sections for different UGDFs are calculated. We compare exclusive production of χ_c(1^+) and χ_c(0^+). The contribution of χ_c(1^+) to the J/Ψ+ γchannel is smaller than that of the χ_c(0^+) decay, but not negligible and can be measured. The numerical value of the ratio of the both contributions is almost independent of UGDFs modeling.
description: 14 pages, 5 figures, a numerical error corrected, discussions extended, conclusions unchanged
Missed opportunities for the diagnosis of colorectal cancer
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2015
Subjects: Age Factors
Aged
Colorectal Neoplasms
Continental Population Groups
Delayed Diagnosis
Diagnostic Errors
Early Detection of Cancer
Female
Humans
Male
Mass Screening
Middle Aged
Risk Factors
Sex Factors
Time Factors

description: © 2015 Laura A. Siminoff et al. Objective. To examine patient and medical characteristics which predict a missed diagnostic opportunity (MDO) for colorectal cancer (CRC). Methods. The sample consisted of 252 patients diagnosed with Stages 1-4 CRC who were diagnosed in the prior six months, had experienced symptoms prior to diagnosis, and were not diagnosed through routine screening. Systematic review of all medical records prior to patients' diagnosis was conducted. An MDO was defined as a clinical encounter where, even in the presence of presumptive CRC symptoms, the CRC diagnostic process is not started. Results. 92 patients (36.5%) experienced an MDO. Almost 80% of alternate diagnoses were other GI-GU diseases, including hemorrhoids and diverticulitis. Stomach pain, anemia, and constipation were the most common symptoms experienced by the MDO group. These symptoms, and weight loss and vomiting, were more likely to be noted in the charts of the MDO patients (P < 0.04). Independent risk factors for MDO included age (<50) [OR = 2.29 (1.14-4.60), P = 0.02 ] and female sex [OR = 2.19 (1.16-4.16), P = 0.03 ]. Each additional physician seen, more than doubled the MDO risk [OR = 2.05 (1.53-2.74), P < 0.001 ]. Conclusions. Females, younger patients, and those consulting more physicians were all more likely to experience an MDO. Continued increased training of physicians to enhance knowledge of who is vulnerable to CRC is needed in addition to an increased focus to adherence to screening recommendations.
Large Uncertainties in the Thermodynamics of Phosphorus (III) Oxide (P$_4$O$_6$) Have Significant Implications for Phosphorus Species in Planetary Atmospheres
Creators: name: Bains, William
name: Pasek, Matthew A.
name: Ranjan, Sukrit
name: Petkowski, Janusz J.
name: Omran, Arthur
name: Seager, Sara
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Phosphorus (III) oxide (P$_4$O$_6$) has been suggested to be a major component of the gas phase phosphorus chemistry in the atmospheres of gas giant planets and of Venus. However, P$_4$O$_6$'s proposed role is based on thermodynamic modeling, itself based on values for the free energy of formation of P$_4$O$_6$ estimated from limited experimental data. Values of the standard Gibbs free energy of formation ($Δ$Go(g)) of P$_4$O$_6$ in the literature differ by up to ~656 kJ/mol, a huge range. Depending on which value is assumed, P$_4$O$_6$ may either be the majority phosphorus species present or be completely absent from modeled atmospheres. Here, we critically review the literature thermodynamic values and compare their predictions to observed constraints on P$_4$O$_6$ geochemistry. We conclude that the widely used values from the NIST/JANAF database are almost certainly too low (predicting that P$_4$O$_6$ is more stable than is plausible). We show that, regardless of the value of $Δ$Go(g) for P$_4$O$_6$ assumed, the formation of phosphine from P$_4$O$_6$ in the Venusian atmosphere is thermodynamically unfavorable. We conclude that there is a need for more robust data on both the thermodynamics of phosphorus chemistry for astronomical and geological modeling in general and for understanding the atmosphere of Venus and the gas giant planets in particular.
description: Article published in ACS Earth Space Chem. https://pubs.acs.org/doi/full/10.1021/acsearthspacechem.3c00016
Influence of Action-Effect Associations Acquired by Ideomotor Learning on Imitation
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2015
Subjects: Female
Humans
Imitative Behavior
Learning
Male
Photic Stimulation
Reaction Time
Task Performance and Analysis
Young Adult

description: According to the ideomotor theory, actions are represented in terms of their perceptual effects, offering a solution for the correspondence problem of imitation (how to translate the observed action into a corresponding motor output). This effect-based coding of action is assumed to be acquired through action-effect learning. Accordingly, performing an action leads to the integration of the perceptual codes of the action effects with the motor commands that brought them about. While ideomotor theory is invoked to account for imitation, the influence of action-effect learning on imitative behavior remains unexplored. In two experiments, imitative performance was measured in a reaction time task following a phase of action-effect acquisition. During action-effect acquisition, participants freely executed a finger movement (index or little finger lifting), and then observed a similar (compatible learning) or a different (incompatible learning) movement. In Experiment 1, finger movements of left and right hands were presented as action-effects during acquisition. In Experiment 2, only right-hand finger movements were presented during action-effect acquisition and in the imitation task the observed hands were oriented orthogonally to participants' hands in order to avoid spatial congruency effects. Experiments 1 and 2 showed that imitative performance was improved after compatible learning, compared to incompatible learning. In Experiment 2, although action-effect learning involved perception of finger movements of right hand only, imitative capabilities of right- and left-hand finger movements were equally affected. These results indicate that an observed movement stimulus processed as the effect of an action can later prime execution of that action, confirming the ideomotor approach to imitation. We further discuss these findings in relation to previous studies of action-effect learning and in the framework of current ideomotor approaches to imitation.
Geographic Variation of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Incidence in New Jersey, 2009-2011
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2015
Subjects: amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
disease mapping
spatial analysis

description: © 2015 The Author. Few analyses in the United States have examined geographic variation and socioeconomic disparities in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) incidence, because of lack of population-based incidence data. In this analysis, we used population-based ALS data to identify whether ALS incidence clusters geographically and to determine whether ALS risk varies by area-based socioeconomic status (SES). This study included 493 incident ALS cases diagnosed (via El Escorial criteria) in New Jersey between 2009 and 2011. Geographic variation and clustering of ALS incidence was assessed using a spatial scan statistic and Bayesian geoadditive models. Poisson regression was used to estimate the associations between ALS risk and SES based on census-tract median income while controlling for age, sex, and race. ALS incidence varied across and within counties, but there were no statistically significant geographic clusters. SES was associated with ALS incidence. After adjustment for age, sex, and race, the relative risk of ALS was significantly higher (relative risk (RR) = 1.37, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.02, 1.82) in the highest income quartile than in the lowest. The relative risk of ALS was significantly lower among blacks (RR = 0.57, 95% CI: 0.39, 0.83) and Asians (RR = 0.63, 95% CI: 0.41, 0.97) than among whites. Our findings suggest that ALS incidence in New Jersey appears to be associated with SES and race.
title: Distance Subject-Subject Pedagogical Interaction in the Age of COVID-19:  the Challenge of the Day
Creators: name: Shekhavtsova, Svitlana
Publisher: name: Social Studies: Theory and Practice, 1(10)
Year: 2021

description: The article discusses the advantages and disadvantages of distance learning in the process of the development of subjectness via information and communication technologies in prospective teachers in the course of their professional training. It is proved that information and communication technologies are a multifunctional learning tool that contributes to the efficiency of independent learning, motivates prospective teachers to further development of their “selves” in the course of their professional training and makes this routine process more interesting and efficient. It is theoretically substantiated that the role of teachers in the educational process in the conditions of distance learning has changed significantly. The teacher of a new breed should give up the traditional dominant role in the educational process, and, instead, in the course of distance pedagogical interaction, get a new role as an organizer, coordinator and mentor of students in the process of independent cognitive activity. It is defined, that interaction between teacher and students is the most important difference between traditional education in the classroom and virtual learning. Problems that may arise in the process of distance interaction between the participants have been identified. The teachers should consider them and do their best to overcome.
The key feature of distance subject-subject pedagogical interaction, which is a significant role of a feedback, is revealed. In a socio-psychological context, it means receiving information from others about how they perceive the behavior of a student in the process of distance interaction. Feedback allows the students to understand and adjust their activities to the optimal strategy of activity in an artificial environment. In the future, students will have the opportunity to put their subjective experience directly into their life.
Additional file 1 of Investigation of carbon and energy metabolic mechanism of mixotrophy in Chromochloris zofingiensis
Creators: name: Zhang, Zhao
name: Sun, Dongzhe
name: Cheng, Ka-Wing
name: Chen, Feng
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Changes of gene expression in photorespiration pathway under mixotrophic cultivation compared with photoautotrophic cultivation.
Gating pore currents are defects in common with two Nav1.5 mutations in patients with mixed arrhythmias and dilated cardiomyopathy
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2015
Subjects: Amino Acid Sequence
Arrhythmias, Cardiac
Cardiomyopathy, Dilated
HEK293 Cells
Humans
Ion Channel Gating
Molecular Sequence Data
Mutation, Missense
NAV1.5 Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel

description: © 2015 Moreau et al. The gating pore current, also called omega current, consists of a cation leak through the typically nonconductive voltage-sensor domain (VSD) of voltage-gated ion channels. Although the study of gating pore currents has refined our knowledge of the structure and the function of voltage-gated ion channels, their implication in cardiac disorders has not been established. Two Nav1.5 mutations (R222Q and R225W) located in the VSD are associated with atypical clinical phenotypes involving complex arrhythmias and dilated cardiomyopathy. Using the patch-clamp technique, in silico mutagenesis, and molecular dynamic simulations, we tested the hypothesis that these two mutations may generate gating pore currents, potentially accounting for their clinical phenotypes. Our findings suggest that the gating pore current generated by the R222Q and R225W mutations could constitute the underlying pathological mechanism that links Nav1.5 VSD mutations with human cardiac arrhythmias and dilatation of cardiac chambers.
Disparities in the completion of steps to kidney transplantation: Protocol for a systematic review
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2015
Subjects: Disparites
MEDICAL ETHICS
PUBLIC HEALTH
Systematic review
Clinical Protocols
Guideline Adherence
Health Services Accessibility
Healthcare Disparities
Humans
Kidney
Kidney Diseases
Kidney Transplantation
Practice Guidelines as Topic
Research Design
Systematic Reviews as Topic

description: Introduction: Disparities in access to transplantation have been well documented. The extant literature, however, focuses largely on disparities and related barriers for African-American patients and none has used the steps to transplantation as a guiding framework. This review will catalogue disparities in the steps to transplantation as well as the barriers and facilitators to completion of each step identified in the extant literature. The results of the review will be used to generate recommendations for future research to improve equity in access to kidney transplantation. Methods and analysis: Standard procedures will be used in the conduct of the review. Searches will be performed using the following electronic databases: PubMed/Medline, PsycINFO, CINHAL, EMBASE, Cochrane library and Web of Science. Reports of original research will be eligible for inclusion if they are published from 2005 to present, written or available in English language, performed in the USA, enrol adult participants (18 years of age or more), and employ descriptive or observational designs. Two authors will independently screen retrieved articles for inclusion. MaxQDA will be used for data analysis and management. All included reports will be coded for article characteristics; disparities identified; barriers and motivators of completion of steps to transplantation; and proposed solutions to disparities and barriers. Each report will be coded independently by two authors and discrepancies resolved by discussion among the full team. A qualitative approach to data analysis is planned. Risk of bias will be assessed using standard procedures. Ethics and dissemination: The findings will provide crucial information on the current status of disparities in access to transplantation. PRISMA guidelines will be followed in reporting the results of the review. It is anticipated that these results will inform research which seeks to increase parity in access to transplantation.
Disorder-based graphene spintronics
Creators: name: Rocha, A. R.
name: Martins, T. B.
name: Fazzio, A.
name: da Silva, A. J. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The use of the spin of the electron as the ultimate logic bit - in what has been dubbed spintronics - can lead to a novel way of thinking about information flow. At the same time single layer graphene has been the subject of intense research due to both its fundamental properties as well as its potential application in nanoscale electronics. While defects can significantly alter the electronic properties of nanoscopic systems, the lack of control can lead to seemingly deleterious effects arising from the random arrangement of such impurities. Here we demonstrate, using {\it ab initio} density functional theory and non-equilibrium Green's functions calculations, that it is possible to obtain perfect spin selectivity in doped graphene nanoribbons to produce a perfect spin filter. We show that initially unpolarized electrons entering the system give rise to 100% polarization of the current due to random disorder. This effect is explained in terms of different localization lengths for each spin channel which together with the well know exponential dependence of the conductance on the length of the device leads to a new mechanism for the spin filtering effect that is enhanced by disorder.
Demonstration of geometric diabatic control of quantum states
Creators: name: Sasaki, Kento
name: Nakamura, Yuki
name: Teraji, Tokuyuki
name: Oka, Takashi
name: Kobayashi, Kensuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Geometric effects can play a pivotal role in streamlining quantum manipulation. We demonstrate a geometric diabatic control, that is, perfect tunneling between spin states in a diamond by a quadratic sweep of a driving field. The field sweep speed for the perfect tunneling is determined by the geometric amplitude factor and can be tuned arbitrarily. Our results are obtained by testing a quadratic version of Berry's twisted Landau-Zener model. This geometric tuning is robust over a wide parameter range. Our work provides a basis for quantum control in various systems, including condensed matter physics, quantum computation, and nuclear magnetic resonance.
Endpoint maximal and smoothing estimates for Schroedinger equations
Creators: name: Rogers, Keith M.
name: Seeger, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 42B15, 35B65

description: For $α>1$ we consider the initial value problem for the dispersive equation $i\partial_t u +(-Δ)^{α/2} u= 0$. We prove an endpoint $L^p$ inequality for the maximal function $\sup_{t\in[0,1]}|u(\cdot,t)|$ with initial values in $L^p$-Sobolev spaces, for $p\in(2+4/(d+1),\infty)$. This strengthens the fixed time estimates due to Fefferman and Stein, and Miyachi. As an essential tool we establish sharp $L^p$ space-time estimates (local in time) for the same range of $p$.
title: TC de rodillas en única adquisición a 15º: saca el máximo partido.
Creators: name: Soliva Martínez, Daniel
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Trauma
subject: Motility
subject: Athletic injuries
subject: Physics
subject: CT
subject: Trauma
subject: Musculoskeletal system
subject: Computer applications

description: Objetivo docente
Revisión del tema
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivo docente:
- Exponer el modo de realizar adecuadamente un TC de rodillas. - Enumeración y representación de todas las medidas que se pueden realizar en una única serie de TC helicoidal,
usando todas las opciones de las estaciones de trabajo. - Establecer...
Diel metabolomics analysis of a hot spring chlorophototrophic microbial mat leads to new hypotheses of community member metabolisms
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2015
Subjects: gas chromatography-mass spectrometry
metabolomics
microbial mats
polyhydroxyalkanoates
Roseiflexus
Synechococcus
wax esters

description: © 2015 Kim, Nowack, Olsen, Becraft, Wood, Thiel, Klapper, Kühl, Fredrickson, Bryant, Ward and Metz. Dynamic environmental factors such as light, nutrients, salt, and temperature continuously affect chlorophototrophic microbial mats, requiring adaptive and acclimative responses to stabilize composition and function. Quantitative metabolomics analysis can provide insights into metabolite dynamics for understanding community response to such changing environmental conditions. In this study, we quantified volatile organic acids, polar metabolites (amino acids, glycolytic and citric acid cycle intermediates, nucleobases, nucleosides, and sugars), wax esters, and polyhydroxyalkanoates, resulting in the identification of 104 metabolites and related molecules in thermal chlorophototrophic microbial mat cores collected over a diel cycle in Mushroom Spring, Yellowstone National Park. A limited number of predominant taxa inhabit this community and their functional potentials have been previously identified through metagenomic and metatranscriptomic analyses and in situ metabolisms, and metabolic interactions among these taxa have been hypothesized. Our metabolomics results confirmed the diel cycling of photorespiration (e.g. glycolate) and fermentation (e.g. acetate, propionate, and lactate) products, the carbon storage polymers polyhydroxyalkanoates, and dissolved gases (e.g. H2 and CO2) in the waters overlying the mat, which were hypothesized to occur in major mat chlorophototrophic community members. In addition, we have formulated the following new hypotheses: 1) the morning hours are a time of biosynthesis of amino acids, DNA, and RNA; 2) photo-inhibited cells may also produce lactate via fermentation as an alternate metabolism; 3) glycolate and lactate are exchanged among Synechococcus and Roseiflexus spp.; and 4) fluctuations in many metabolite pools (e.g. wax esters) at different times of day result from species found at different depths within the mat responding to temporal differences in their niches.
Active-passive motion compensation systems for marine towing
Creators: name: Stricker, Peter Andrew
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The dynamic behaviour of an active-passive motion compensation system for handling towed marine vehicles is examined, and a mathematical model developed. In the analysis, the passive system considered is pneumatic, while the active system is electro-hydraulic. The towed body is assumed to be a point mass subjected to hydrodynamic drag, and attached to the motion compensator by means of a linear spring representing the cable. It is not intended, in this project, to model the towed body in greater detail. The equations of the passive, active, and towed body systems are derived, and linearized to permit a relatively simple frequency-domain solution. A time simulation based on the nonlinear equations, including Coulomb friction in the compensator, is developed for use on an IBM Systeis/370 computer. A laboratory model is used to conduct experiments at three frequencies, and the results indicate good agreement between the linear, simulation, and real models. Extension of the equations to cover multi-frequency inputs, two-dircensiona1 towing cables, and slow-acting servovalves is also discussed to facilitate application to marine systems.
title: La vesícula biliar en Pediatría
Creators: name: Marín Rodriguez, Carlos
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: Paediatric
subject: MR
subject: Ultrasound

description: Objetivo docente
Revisión del tema
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivo docente:
Tanto la litiasis como la patología inflamatoria y neoplásica son frecuentes en el adulto.
Sin embargo en la edad pediátrica la vesícula no suele constituir el foco de atención ni en urgencia ni en la consulta programada.
Esto es así hasta el...
Deregulation of dicer and mir-155 expression in liposarcoma
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2015
Subjects: Dicer
Drosha
mir-155
liposarcoma

description: Liposarcoma (LPS) is the most common soft tissue sarcoma. It has been demonstrated that mir-155 was the most overexpressed miRNA in well-differentiated LPS(WDLPS)/dedifferentiated LPS (DDLPS). The aim of this study is to evaluate the involvement of Dicer, Drosha and mir-155 in development of LPS and their possible role in stratification of different histological subtypes. Dicer, Drosha and mir-155 mRNA levels were analyzed in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded specimens from patients diagnosed with 62 LPS and compared with samples of adipose tissues of healthy donors. The experimental data were obtained using qRT-PCR comparing Dicer, Drosha and mir-155 expression levels in tumor samples versus normal fat. The tumor samples from LPS patients showed a significantly lower Dicer expression versus normal adipose tissue, while Drosha levels did not differ. Concerning mir155 expression levels, our results demonstrated a significant mir-155 up-regulation in all LPS subtypes versus normal adipose tissue except for WDLS. These findings demonstrate for the first time that Dicer is deregulated in LPS and show that mir-155 is differentially expressed in LPS subgroups and it could be a promising tool to improve LPS disease stratification and differential diagnosis.