cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Measurements of neutron-induced reactions in inverse kinematics and applications to nuclear astrophysics
Creators: name: Reifarth, René
name: Litvinov, Yuri A.
name: Endres, Anne
name: Göbel, Kathrin
name: Heftrich, Tanja
name: Glorius, Jan
name: Koloczek, Alexander
name: Sonnabend, Kerstin
name: Travaglio, Claudia
name: Weigand, Mario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Neutron capture cross sections of unstable isotopes are important for neutron-induced nucleosynthesis as well as for technological applications. A combination of a radioactive beam facility, an ion storage ring and a high flux reactor would allow a direct measurement of neutron induced reactions over a wide energy range on isotopes with half lives down to minutes. The idea is to measure neutron-induced reactions on radioactive ions in inverse kinematics. This means, the radioactive ions will pass through a neutron target. In order to efficiently use the rare nuclides as well as to enhance the luminosity, the exotic nuclides can be stored in an ion storage ring. The neutron target can be the core of a research reactor, where one of the central fuel elements is replaced by the evacuated beam pipe of the storage ring. Using particle detectors and Schottky spectroscopy, most of the important neutron-induced reactions, such as (n,$γ$), (n,p), (n,$α$), (n,2n), or (n,f), could be investigated.
description: 5 pages, 7 figures, Invited Talk given at the Fifteenth International Symposium on Capture Gamma-Ray Spectroscopy and Related Topics (CGS15), Dresden, Germany, 2014
title: Pleomorphic lobular carcinoma in-situ and pleomorphic invasive lobular cancer an educational review of imaging and pathological features.
Creators: name: McMahon, Michelle
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mammography
subject: Breast
subject: Ultrasound
subject: MR
subject: Education
subject: Pathology

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: Imaging and pathological appearances of Pleomorphic lobular carcinoma in-situ (PLCIS) as a distinct entity. Imaging and pathological appearances of pleomorphic invasive lobular carcinoma (PILC). Recognise some of the pitfalls that accompany the...
Consistent metallicity scale for cool dwarfs and giants. A benchmark test using the Hyades
Creators: name: Dutra-Ferreira, Letícia
name: Pasquini, Luca
name: Smiljanic, Rodolfo
name: de Mello, Gustavo F. Porto
name: Steffen, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In several instances chemical abundances of dwarf and giant stars are used simultaneously under the assumption that they share the same abundance scale. This assumption might have implications in different astrophysical contexts. We aim to ascertain a methodology capable of producing a consistent metallicity scale for giants and dwarfs. To achieve that, we analyzed giants and dwarfs in the Hyades open cluster. All these stars have archival high-resolution spectroscopic data obtained with HARPS and UVES. In addition, the giants have interferometric measurements of the angular diameters. We analyzed the sample with two methods. The first method constrains the atmospheric parameters independently from spectroscopy. For that we present a novel calibration of microturbulence based on 3D model atmospheres. The second method is the classical spectroscopic based on Fe lines. We also tested two line lists in an attempt to minimize possible non-LTE effects and to optimize the treatment of the giants. We show that it is possible to obtain a consistent metallicity scale between dwarfs and giants. The preferred method should constrain the three parameters $T_{\rm eff}$, $\log~g$, and $ξ$ independent of spectroscopy. In particular, the lines should be chosen to be free of blends in the spectra of giants. When attention is paid to the line list, the classical spectroscopic method can also produce consistent results. The metallicities derived with the well-constrained set of stellar parameters are consistent independent of the line list used. Therefore, for this cluster we favor the metallicity of +0.18$\pm$0.03 dex obtained with this method. The classical spectroscopic analysis, using the line list optimized for the giants, provides a metallicity of +0.14$\pm$0.03 dex, in agreement with previous works.
description: 19 pages, 6 figures, 10 tables. Accepted for publication in A&A
Interventions to Prevent and Treat Childhood Obesity: A Systematic Review
Creators: name: Sutton, Tamaurus J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2004

description: Overweight and obesity are chronic conditions, and over the last decade many groups of people have been affected by these problems. Both developed countries, including the United States, Canada, and Europe, and underdeveloped areas, including parts of Latin America, Africa, and Asia have seen drastic and continual increases in obesity and overweight, and in many places they now have reached epidemic proportions. This epidemic has affects all ages, almost all ethnic groups, and people of every socioeconomic status, though often in disproportionate ways. This paper reviews the prevalence of overweight and obesity in the U.S., discusses adverse health and psychosocial outcomes, and reviews the effectiveness of various interventions in preventing and treating childhood overweight and/or obesity. A previous systematic review conducted on this topic by Summerbell et al in 2003 concluded that there is limited data on the effectiveness of obesity prevention and treatment programs and no generalizable conclusions can be drawn from the studies to date. Thus, a new review examining this topic is needed for several reasons. One, the Summerbell et al. review was last updated in January of 2002. Also, the Summerbell et al review included all children from age 0 to 18 years, which is a very wide age range. In this review, I have narrowed the age range to 6 to 12 years to include only elementary school aged children because I feel that children are easier to reach at this age for the following reasons: 1) they all are required by law to go to school, and 2) younger children are often more accepting of change than teenagers. However, the most important reason for doing another systematic review is that childhood overweight/obesity is huge problem and we need to find an answer to this question.
title: Dynamic Non Invasive ASL Perfusion Imaging of the Pancreas with Secretin Augmented MR Imaging
Creators: name: Schawkat, Khoschy
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: Gastrointestinal tract
subject: Pancreas
subject: MR
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: Imaging sequences
subject: Biological effects
subject: Blood

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Analysis of tissue perfusion represents a sensitive physiologic marker in the diagnosis of pancreatic malfunction. The most common pathologies of the pancreas include inflammatory processes and neoplastic diseases. The distinction of these lesions...
Auricular Acupuncture for Pain and Anxiety During Hip Fracture Rehabilitation: A Pilot Study
Creators: name: Asher, Gary
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: More than 300,000 persons aged 65 and older are hospitalized annually in the United States because of hip fracture. Poorly controlled pain and anxiety during rehabilitation are associated with poor outcomes, including delayed functional recovery and long-term functional impairment. Medications to relieve these symptoms can themselves serve as barriers to successful rehabilitation, due to adverse effects such as nausea, drowsiness, and confusion. For these reasons, non-pharmacologic techniques for pain and anxiety relief are promising alternatives and adjuncts to standard pharmacologic approaches. Auricular acupuncture is a safe and effective method of pain relief, especially during the acute phases of hip fracture. However, no studies have investigated if auricular acupuncture can be used to provide persistent relief of pain or anxiety during hip fracture rehabilitation. This pilot investigation will gather longitudinal data on 30 study participants recruited from two sites, thereby collecting the feasibility and preliminary outcome data needed to plan a randomized clinical trial of auricular acupuncture in patients undergoing rehabilitation after hip fracture. If effective in reducing the length of rehabilitation by as little as 5%, auricular acupuncture could reduce skilled nursing costs by an estimated $90 million and improve outcomes of rehabilitation for this common and devastating condition.
Robust CAD Methodology for CFD optimizations
Creators: name:  PATRICK WEGENER
Publisher: name: Proceedings of the Aerospace Europe Conference - EUCASS - CEAS - 2023
Year: 2023
Subjects: CAD
CFD
DLR-F25

description: Automatically updated CAD models are the foundation for a CFD-based optimization. Since any interruption of the geometry update will falsify the result, a robust model is a prerequisite. Using the DLR-F25 configuration as an example, the methodology as a basis for a robust model is described by components, both in terms of the structure of the models and the hierarchical setup of the CAD features. The robustness is addressed in terms of causes and solutions, and an automated update analysis method is described. Since the CAD model is required at the beginning of the CFD process chain, its influence on the result is fundamental. Therefore, an accurate CAD setup is the basis for a successful CFD simulation. The topic of CAD for robust CFD models is described differently in literature: at
Novel $p$-wave superfluids of fermionic polar molecules
Creators: name: Fedorov, A. K.
name: Matveenko, S. I.
name: Yudson, V. I.
name: Shlyapnikov, G. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that recently suggested subwavelength lattices offer remarkable prospects for the observation of novel superfluids of fermionic polar molecules. It becomes realistic to obtain a topological $p$-wave superfluid of microwave-dressed polar molecules in 2D lattices at temperatures of the order of tens of nanokelvins, which is promising for topologically protected quantum information processing. Another foreseen novel phase is an interlayer $p$-wave superfluid of polar molecules in a bilayer geometry.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures
title: Imaging features on breast MRI and management of high-risk lesions identified by precutaneous biopsy
Creators: name: Panourgias, Evangelia
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Patterns of Care
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: MR
subject: Mammography
subject: Breast

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the role of MRI for the characterization of high-risk breast lesions and to determine whether MRI features may be used to exclude...
Green kernel for a random Schrödinger operator
Creators: name: Pacheco, Carlos G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We find explicitly the Green kernel of a random Schrödinger operator with Brownian white noise. To do this, we first handle the random operator by defining it weakly using the inner product of a Hilbert space. Then, using classic Sturm-Liouville theory, we can build the Green kernel with linearly independent solutions of a homogeneous problem. As a corollary we have that the random operator has a discrete spectra.
Updated F(T) gravity constraints from high redshift cosmography
Creators: name: Piedipalumbo, Ester
name: Della Moglie, Enrica
name: Cianci, Roberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the last dozen years a wide and variegated mass of observational data revealed that the universe is now expanding at an accelerated rate. In the absence of a well-based theory to interpret the observations, cosmography provides information about the evolution of the Universe from measured distances, only assuming that the geometry of the can be described by the Friedmann-Lemaitre-Robertson -Walker metric. We perform a high-redshift analysis allows us to put constraints on the cosmographic parameters up to the 5fth order, thus inducing indirect constraints on any gravity theory. Here we are interested in the so called teleparallel gravity theory, f(T). Actually we use the analytical expressions of the present day values of f(T) and its derivatives as functions of the cosmographic parameters to map the cosmography region of confidences into confidence ranges for f(T) and its derivative. Moreover, we show how these can be used to test some teleparallel gravity models without solving the dynamical equations. Our analysis is based on the Union2 Type Ia Supernovae (SNIa) data set, a set of 28 measurements of the Hubble parameter, the Hubble diagram constructed from some Gamma Ray Bursts (GRB) luminosity distance indicators, and gaussian priors on the distance from the Baryon Acoustic Oscillations (BAO), and the Hubble constant h. To perform our statistical analysis and to explore the probability distributions of the cosmographic parameters we use the Markov Chain Monte Carlo Method (MCMC).
description: International Journal of Modern Physics D, 20 pages, 5 figures
Involving Men to Improve STI Prevention Services in Northern Thailand Minority Groups
Creators: name: Heltz, Monica
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Thailand has been internationally recognized for its successful decrease in HIV/AIDS, but that success has not extended to its ethnic minorities currently concentrated in northern Thailand. Women in these groups are increasingly disproportionately affected by HIV/AIDS and sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Many of the minority populations have wide gender disparities. Current research in reproductive health literature suggests involving men through gender sensitivity training and educational health programming is important for a comprehensive program to improve reproductive health for all. Fortunately there are several examples of successful programs being implemented in similar circumstances around the globe. Adapting currently used programs to the situation in northern Thailand will take some work and innovation, but it will be necessary in order to successfully improve outcomes for minority women. There are many potential partners in an endeavor to involve men in STI prevention programming, and these partnerships will need to be fostered and nurtured in order to achieve a successful outcome. This paper provides the background, literature, application and recommendations for implementing such a program.
Resenha Acadêmica
Creators: name: Da Silva, Achilem Estevam
name: Fontgalland, Isabel Lausanne
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Teorema de Coase.
Externalidades
Teoria dos Custos de Transação

description: O teorema de Coase é uma teoria econômica e jurídica que aborda a resolução de litígios entre duas partes sem qualquer custo de transação. Garante um resultado ótimo para ambas as partes, independentemente da sua natureza. O economista e autor Ronald Coase, um britânico americano, promulgou o teorema relativo aos direitos de propriedade em 1960, no domínio da economia institucional. O teorema tentava explicar o impacto do governo no crescimento econômico. Além disso, o teorema de Coase é, de per si, uma metodologia que permite lidar com direitos de propriedade contraditórios ou com a falta de eficiência devida a externalidades, concedendo os direitos de propriedade sobre a externalidade ou o custo externo a um dos concorrentes, de modo a que ambas as partes possam negociar para obter os melhores resultados eficientes. O método ajuda a obter o melhor e o verdadeiro valor económico, atribuindo os direitos de propriedade aos concorrentes. Por exemplo, suponhamos que numa situação existe uma externalidade negativa ou um custo externo, como a poluição do ar ou da água pelo poluidor. Nesse caso, só é possível evitá-lo através da atribuição de direitos de propriedade, para que se possa negociar amigavelmente
description: {"references": ["COASE, R. The Problem of Social Cost Author(s): R. H. Coase Source: Journal of Law and Economics, Vol. 3 (Oct., 1960), pp. 1-44 Published by: The University of Chicago Press Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/72481.", "DAVID, A (2004). Externalities, the Coase Theorem and Market Remedies. Externalities, the Coase Theorem and Market Remedies."]}
title: Cystic and "cyst-like" lesions of the knee joint and around the knee : a pictorial essay in MR imaging
Creators: name: Plotas, Athanasios
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Musculoskeletal system
subject: Musculoskeletal joint
subject: MR
subject: Imaging sequences
subject: Education and training

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: A cystic or a "cyst-like" lesion represents a common finding in a MRI examination of the knee. They are ususally fluid-filled bursae, synovial cysts of the popliteal space, meniscal cysts, ganglionic cysts or other fluid collections. The learning...
title: The added value of digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) to digital mammography (2D) in the diagnostic assessment of architectural distortion (AD)
Creators: name: D'Angelo, Paola
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Neoplasia
subject: Cancer
subject: Biopsy
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Mammography
subject: Breast

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To show, in our experience: the diagnostic performance of DBT in the management of the architectural distortion detected on digital mammography (2D) and its impact on the final BI-RADS assessment; the diagnostic accuracy of DBT in detection of...
Mental Health Courts in North Carolina: A Model to Improve the Experience of Individuals with Mental Illness who Enter the Justice System
Creators: name: Mayo, James
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Local jurisdictions are increasingly implementing mental health courts to more appropriately determine the disposition of individuals with mental illness who are accused of minor crimes. To date, North Carolina has 6 such courts in 5 counties. I interviewed eight key stakeholders in the legal and health care systems to determine what barriers exist for these courts and what elements are important for their success. The results of these interviews suggest broad support for the expansion of mental health courts, but identify lack of community mental health resources as a major limitation on their potential effect. Until improvements can be made to the mental health system in North Carolina, existing mental health courts should collaboratively collect data to facilitate new court development, quality improvement, future research, and political advocacy.
title: What‘s old, new and especially helpful in cystic renal masses imaging diagnosis?
Creators: name: Preda, Emi Marinela
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: Kidney
subject: Oncology
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: Education
subject: Technical aspects
subject: Cysts
subject: Neoplasia
subject: Multidisciplinary cancer care

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To emphasize and illustrate the role of main imaging techniques in detection, characterization and follow-up of kidney cystic masses in order to provide more accurate criterias used to delineate between benign versus malignant cystic...
Asking for an extra photon in Higgs production at the LHC and beyond
Creators: name: Gabrielli, Emidio
name: Mele, Barbara
name: Piccinini, Fulvio
name: Pittau, Roberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the inclusive production of a Higgs boson in association with a high-$p_T$ photon at the LHC, detailing the leading-order features of the main processes contributing to the $Hγ$ final state. Requiring an extra hard photon in Higgs production upsets the cross-section hierarchy for the dominant channels. The $Hγ$ inclusive production comes mainly from photons radiated in vector-boson fusion (VBF), which accounts for about 2/3 of the total rate, for $p_T^{γ,j} >30$ GeV, at leading order. On the other hand, radiating a high-$p_T$ photon in the main top-loop Higgs channel implies an extra parton in the final state, which suppresses the production rate by a further $α_S$ power. As a result, the $Hγ$ production via top loops at the LHC has rates comparable with the ones arising from either the $H t\bar t$ production or the $HW(Z)γ$ associated production. Then, in order of decreasing cross section, comes the single-top-plus-Higgs channel, followed in turn by the heavy-flavor fusion processes $b\bar b \to Hγ$ and $c\bar c \to Hγ$. The $Hγ$ production via electroweak loops has just a minor role. At larger c.m. energies, the $H t\bar tγ$ channel surpasses the total contribution of top-loop processes. In particular, requiring $p_T^{γ,j} >30$ GeV at $\sqrt S \simeq 100$ TeV, $H t\bar tγ$ accounts for about $1/4$ of the inclusive $Hγ$ production at leading order, about half of the total being due to VBF production.
description: 20 pages, 13 figures, two comments added; one typo corrected; version published in JHEP
Macroscopic character of composite high temperature superconducting wires
Creators: name: Kivelson, S. A.
name: Spivak, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The "d-wave" symmetry of the superconducting order in the cuprate high temperature superconductors is a well established fact, and one which identifies them as "unconventional." However, in macroscopic contexts -- including many potential applications ({\it i.e.} superconducting "wires") -- the material is a composite of randomly oriented superconducting grains in a metallic matrix, in which Josephson coupling between grains mediates the onset of long-range phase coherence. Here, we analyze the physics at length scales large compared to the size of such grains, and in particular the macroscopic character of the long-range order that emerges. While XY-glass order and macroscopic d-wave superconductivity may be possible, we show that under many circumstances -- especially when the d-wave superconducting grains are embedded in a metallic matrix -- the most likely order has global s-wave symmetry.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures
Social Media and Electronic Health Records: Connecting Patients & Providers
Creators: name: Willoughby, Julian
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Can the technology and understanding developed from social networks improve patient outcomes by providing a more reliable, complete, and easier way for patients and providers to communicate with each other? What areas of patient-provider and provider-provider communications must be first addressed before attempting to implement the principles of social networking in health care? This study provides preliminary answers to such questions by triangulating methods – including a web-based survey of providers, paper surveys of patients, in-depth interviews of elite stakeholders, and a systematic review of the literature – to generate a conceptual model of how to integrate social networking principles into current and future EMR systems. In all cases, I focused my questions on beliefs about social networking, the willingness on providers’ and patients’ parts to use alternative means of communicating about health, and the economic and political challenges associated with extending the use of electronic medical records (EMRs). My main findings are that both patients and providers express an overall high interest in using EMR systems that utilize principles of social networking to help them communicate with each other and manage medications and track health measures. Providers are wary of traditional forms of social networking, likely because of privacy concerns, but are interested in new ways to communicate with their patients. Finally, although there are significant age and education differences among patients who use traditional Internet technologies, there is evidence that among those who do have Internet access, social networking may be a more equitable avenue of communication with patients. I conclude by suggesting a conceptual model that provides a picture of how the principles of social networking could be applied to current and future expectations for EMRs.
title: MRI evaluation of the shoulder: Beyond rotator cuff
Creators: name: Abreu, Jorge
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Musculoskeletal system
subject: MR
subject: Education
subject: Biological effects

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: Theobjectives of this exhibit are: - To expose the normalshoulder anatomy on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in order to recognize the structures involved in differents pathologies beyond the rotator cuff. - To describe the spectrum of diseases...
Update 2: Automatic or controlled: How does disbelief in free will influence cognitive functioning?
Creators: name: Katzir, Maayan
name: Genschow, Oliver
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social Psychology
subject: Cognitive Psychology
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: This is a second update to the original registration: osf.io/zc9fa
British Gallup Poll CQ 768
Creators: name: Social Surveys (Gallup Poll) Limited
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2013

description: Government approval (1); Margaret Thatcher job performance (1); Michael Foot job performance (1); David Steel job performance (1); party support (5); 1979 General Election (2); unemployment (1); prices future (1); firm busyness (1); future income (1); future financial commitments (1); time to save (1); time to buy (1); video cassette recorder (1); bought cookware (1); fast food (20); toilet paper knowledge/ads (7); house problems (2); peanut brand knowledge/ads (3).
Existences of rainbow matchings and rainbow matching covers
Creators: name: Lo, Allan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $G$ be an edge-coloured graph. A rainbow subgraph in $G$ is a subgraph such that its edges have distinct colours. The minimum colour degree $δ^c(G)$ of $G$ is the smallest number of distinct colours on the edges incident with a vertex of $G$. We show that every edge-coloured graph $G$ on $n\geq 7k/2+2$ vertices with $δ^c(G) \geq k$ contains a rainbow matching of size at least $k$, which improves the previous result for $k \ge 10$. Let $Δ_{\text{mon}}(G)$ be the maximum number of edges of the same colour incident with a vertex of $G$. We also prove that if $t \ge 11$ and $Δ_{\text{mon}}(G) \le t$, then $G$ can be edge-decomposed into at most $\lfloor tn/2 \rfloor $ rainbow matchings. This result is sharp and improves a result of LeSaulnier and West.
title: Percutaneous Renal Biopsy: Essentials for Junior Radiologists
Creators: name: Al-Shehri, Shaker
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Tissue characterisation
subject: Biopsy
subject: Ultrasound-Colour Doppler
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Kidney

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To explain with illustrative clinical casesthe approach to percutaneous renal biopsy (PRB) with emphasis on ultrasound-guided technique, related efficacy and complications. To explain the specimen adequacy of PRB and benefits of on-site pathology...
Weyl and Dirac Loop Superconductors
Creators: name: Nandkishore, Rahul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study three dimensional systems where the parent metallic state contains a loop of Weyl or Dirac points. We introduce the minimal $\vec{k} \cdot \vec{p}$ Hamiltonian , and discuss its symmetries. Guided by this symmetry analysis, we classify the superconducting instabilities that may arise. For a doped Weyl loop material, we argue that - independent of microscopic details - the leading superconducting instability should be to a fully gapped chiral superconductor in three dimensions- an unusual state made possible only by the non-trivial topology of the Fermi surface. This state - which we dub the `meron superconductor' - is neither fully topological nor fully trivial. Meanwhile, at perfect compensation additional states are possible (including some that are fully topological), but the leading instability depends on microscopic details. We discuss the influence of disorder on pairing. In the presence of a spin degeneracy (`Dirac loops') still more complex superconducting states can arise, including a `skyrmion' superconductor with topological properties similar to superfluid He III-B, which additionally breaks lattice rotation symmetry and exhibits nematic order.
description: Minor additions, typos corrected
Measuring Funding Resources Dedicated to Transgender Mental Health: the NIH and Robert Johnson Wood Foundation
Creators: name: Tran, Eric
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Objectives. I examined the number of studies funded by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and Robert Wood Johnson Foundation (RWJF) focusing on transgender mental health. Methods. I created different aspects of mental health (domains) present in several transgender community-based needs assessments. I searched the NIH RePORTER system and the RJWF archives for projects related to transgender mental health. I coded these search results with the mental health domains I created to determine the final number of projects. Results. From 1989-2017, the NIH funded 34 unique projects related to transgender mental health, and from 1972-2017, RWJF funded 18. Most projects focused on substance use and improving access to competent care. The least covered domain was suicide. Over time, both the number of projects funded by and total funding provided by the NIH increased. There were no trends for RWJF-funded projects over time. Conclusions. Relatively few NIH- and RWJF-funded studies focus on transgender mental health. The projects that do exist only partially cover aspects of mental health defined by needs assessments. An increase in number of studies and total funding at the NIH occurred at roughly the same time as the founding of the NIH Sexual and Gender Minority Search Office.
Large-Scale MIMO is Capable of Eliminating Power-Thirsty Channel Coding for Wireless Transmission of HEVC/H.265 Video
Creators: name: Yang, Shaoshi
name: Zhou, Cheng
name: Lv, Tiejun
name: Hanzo, Lajos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A wireless video transmission architecture relying on the emerging large-scale multiple-input--multiple-output (LS-MIMO) technique is proposed. Upon using the most advanced High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) (also known as H.265), we demonstrate that the proposed architecture invoking the low-complexity linear zero-forcing (ZF) detector and dispensing with any channel coding is capable of significantly outperforming the conventional small-scale MIMO based architecture, even if the latter employs the high-complexity optimal maximum-likelihood (ML) detector and a rate-$1/3$ recursive systematic convolutional (RSC) channel codec. Specifically, compared to the conventional small-scale MIMO system, the effective system throughput of the proposed LS-MIMO based scheme is increased by a factor of up to three and the quality of reconstructed video quantified in terms of the peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) is improved by about $22.5\, \text{dB}$ at a channel-SNR of $E_b/N_0 \approx 6\,\text{dB}$ for delay-tolerant video-file delivery applications, and about $20\,\text{dB}$ for lip-synchronized real-time interactive video applications. Alternatively, viewing the attainable improvement from a power-saving perspective, a channel-SNR gain as high as $Δ_{E_b/N_0}\approx 5\,\text{dB}$ is observed at a PSNR of $36\, \text{dB}$ for the scenario of delay-tolerant video applications and again, an even higher gain is achieved in the real-time video application scenario. Therefore, we envisage that LS-MIMO aided wireless multimedia communications is capable of dispensing with power-thirsty channel codec altogether!
description: 7 pages, 4 figures, 1 table, accepted to appear on IEEE Wireless Communications, Jan. 2016
title: Noise reduction in x-ray images using a combination of linear and non-linear smoothing techniques
Creators: name: Tischenko, Oleg
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computer Applications-General
subject: Digital radiography
subject: Radioprotection / Radiation dose
subject: Radiation physics
subject: Computer applications
subject: Artifacts

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: The definite advantage of digital detectors is the ability to capture the full range of exposure coming from the patient's body. When the full exposure range is captured digital processing can then be used to enhance and optimize the contrast of the...
title: Correlation between thin sheet plastinated slices and CT and MRI images of the central nervous system
Creators: name: Reina de la Torre, Francisco
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Anatomy
subject: CNS
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: Experimental
subject: Education
subject: Education and training
subject: Dissection
subject: Image verification

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: Sheet plastination is currently used in teaching and research to produce anatomical slices of many different body structures or anatomical regions. These kind of anatomical specimens allows one to study in detail and to teach with high precision...
Smoking…who’s “right”?
Creators: name: Dobbins, Christopher C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Tobacco use contributes to disease and death among users and nonusers at an alarming rate and remains a major public health challenge. Research shows second-hand smoke is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. It has been associated with serious health problems in both children and adults (U.S. DHHS, 2006). Efforts to reduce exposure to second-hand smoke have included programs to prevent tobacco use among young people and campaigns for smoke-free workplaces and homes (CDC, 2009). Despite these interventions, people continue to be exposed to second-hand smoke at an unacceptably high rate. Additionally, the U.S. Surgeon General has identified smoking as the single greatest avoidable cause of disease and death, and that second-hand smoke exposure causes disease and premature death in children and adults who do not smoke (U.S. DHHS, 2006). The Surgeon General also states there is “no safe level of exposure” to second-hand smoke. Recognizing this is a preventable cause of disease and death, it is clear we need to strengthen the social movement to implement policies that will prohibit smoking in all enclosed public and work places. Understanding the significant health threats associated with smoking and second-hand smoke, this paper will discuss the Anti-Smoking “social” movement through a chronology of events, (tobacco history and health), group actions (smoking rights groups versus anti-smoking rights groups), and will conclude with the importance of continuing the movement through effective advocacy, policy recommendations and leadership to further reduce smoking and exposure to second-hand smoke in the United States.
Entropy production of nano systems with timescale separation
Creators: name: Wang, Shou-Wen
name: Kawaguchi, Kyogo
name: Sasa, Shin-ichi
name: Tang, Lei-Han
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Energy flow in bio-molecular motors and machines are vital to their function. Yet experimental observations are often limited to a small subset of variables that participate in energy transport and dissipation. Here we show, through a solvable Langevin model, that the seemingly hidden entropy production is measurable through the violation spectrum of the fluctuation-response relation of a slow observable. For general Markov systems with timescale separation, we prove that the violation spectrum exhibits a characteristic plateau in the intermediate frequency region. Despite its vanishing height, the plateau can account for energy dissipation over a broad timescale. Our findings suggest a general possibility to probe hidden entropy production in nano systems without direct observation of fast variables.
description: 14 pages, 6 figures
Throttling hot-firing tests of methane engine thrust chamber with uni-element shear coaxial injector
Creators: name:  CHEOLWOONG KANG
name:   SHINWOO LEE
name:   HADONG JUNG
name:   SUNWOO HAN
name:   KANGYEONG LEE
name:   DONGWOO CHOI
name:   CHANGYOUNG OH
name:   KYUBOK AHN
Publisher: name: Proceedings of the Aerospace Europe Conference - EUCASS - CEAS - 2023
Year: 2023
Subjects: HOT-FIRING TEST
METHANE ENGINE
RECESS LENGTH
SHEAR COAXIAL INJECTOR
THRUST CONTROL

description: In this study, the effect of recess length on the combustion characteristics of an injector used in a methane engine was investigated. Injectors without recess and with recess were manufactured, and these were mounted in a uni-element thrust chamber fueled by methane. Considering the operating conditions, tests were carried out under various mixture ratios and combustion charn ber pressure ranges. The corn bustion efficiency and heat flux were higher as the recess length was longer. More stable combustion was achieved in injectors with recess regions. It was verified that the recess length had a positive effect on the combustion characteristics.
Hidden Symmetries and Commensurability of 2-Bridge Link Complements
Creators: name: Millichap, Christian
name: Worden, William
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57M50

description: In this paper, we show that any non-arithmetic hyperbolic $2$-bridge link complement admits no hidden symmetries. As a corollary, we conclude that a hyperbolic $2$-bridge link complement cannot irregularly cover a hyperbolic $3$-manifold. By combining this corollary with the work of Boileau and Weidmann, we obtain a characterization of $3$-manifolds with non-trivial JSJ-decomposition and rank two fundamental groups. We also show that the only commensurable hyperbolic $2$-bridge link complements are the figure-eight knot complement and the $6_{2}^{2}$ link complement. Our work requires a careful analysis of the tilings of $\mathbb{R}^{2}$ that come from lifting the canonical triangulations of the cusps of hyperbolic $2$-bridge link complements.
description: This is the final (accepted) version of this paper
title: Longitudinal choriocapillaris changes in the presence of reticular pseudodrusen
Creators: name: Clemens, Christoph R.
name: Lauermann, Jost L.
name: Schmitz, Boris
name: Eter, Nicole
name: Alten, Florian
Publisher: name: University of Muenster, Institutional Repository MIAMI
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 610 Medicine and health

description: To determine longitudinal changes in choriocapillaris (CC) measures in eyes with reticular pseudodrusen (RPD) using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). In this observational prospective study, 20 patients with exclusively RPD and no other alteration due to age-related macular degeneration were included. Eight RPD patients were re-examined at 5-year follow-up. Multimodal imaging was performed at baseline and at 5-year follow-up. OCTA CC images were analyzed for number, size and total area of flow deficits (FD), mean signal intensity, signal intensity standard deviation and kurtosis of signal intensity distribution in the ring area between a circle of 4 mm diameter and a circle of 6 mm diameter and in the superior ring quadrant. Area affected by RPD increased from 19.36 ± 8.39 mm2 at baseline to 37.77 ± 9.03 mm2 at 5-year follow-up. At baseline, percent of CC FD area was greater in RPD eyes (quadrant: p < 0.001; ring: p < 0.001) compared to controls. Besides, RPD eyes revealed a lower mean intensity signal (quadrant: p < 0.001; ring: p < 0.001). Evaluation of CC parameters suggested significant group × time interaction effects for CC FD (p = 0.04) and mean intensity signal (p = 0.004), in that RPD eyes presented increased CC FD and decreased mean intensity signal at follow-up. OCTA CC decorrelation signal further decreases in RPD patients over 5 years in both RPD-affected and RPD-unaffected macular areas.
description: Finanziert über die DEAL-Vereinbarung mit Wiley 2019-2022.
Advanced Vitality at IBM: A New Direction for Workplace Health Promotion
Creators: name: Welch, Scott
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Worksite wellness programs began to become popular in the 1980s as a way to control rising employee health care costs. International Business Machines (IBM) has utilized a worksite wellness program for over thirty years as well, but more in an effort to keep its workforce healthy, creative and innovative. The Advanced Vitality program is a cutting-edge means to this end through encouragement of healthy habits that will lead to overall fulfillment, not only physically, but mentally and emotionally, and will give the employees a greater sense of purpose in their own lives. This paper begins with reviews of other programs with components similar to Advanced Vitality and that show programs which are internet based, that include incentives, continually engage the employees and that promote mental well-being can be somewhat successful in the short-term, but that long-term employee involvement and well-being gains are not easily achieved. The paper will then discuss the program plan including what vitality is comprised of, especially in the context of a wellness program, the theoretical framework behind the program, goals and objectives and the implementation plan. This is followed by the evaluation of the program, which uses both internal and external evaluators, and will collect pre- and post-implementation qualitative data on health and well-being comparing users and non-users, as well as quantitative data on program usage. The paper will then finish with a discussion about some potential difficulties moving forward, but also the expected positive overall impact on both utilization of the worksite wellness program and success of the participants in improving their well-being.
AI Guided Ontology Curation Workflows and the ROBOT Template GPT helper
Creators: name: Mungall, Chris
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Presentation to OBO Academy on AI-driven Ontology Editing Workflow, introduce the ROBOT Template GPT

https://bit.ly/ai-ontology-workflows

Series: https://oboacademy.github.io/obook/courses/monarch-obo-training

Recording: https://youtu.be/wGoGr2dmxZI?si=NfLNqoixSzND1bKD  

ROBOT template helper GPT:

https://bit.ly/robot-gpt
title: Political Will in Political Work
Creators: name: Montgomery, Joel
Publisher: name: University of Kent
Year: 2023

description: Little is known about why individuals engage in political activity within the workplace despite Mintzberg (1985) outlining political motivation, or will, as a central tenet of organisational politics. Where scholars have examined political will, their disciplines have impacted their conceptualisation, with political science and organisational behaviour (OB) treating political will at either the collective level (Post et al., 2010) or at the micro-individual level (Doldor, 2017; Kapoutsis et al., 2017) respectively. Therefore, this thesis presents two studies seeking to uncover interdisciplinary insights into political motivation. Drawing on attribution theory (Weiner, 1985), both studies within this thesis stem from 60 qualitative semi-structured interviews that examine individuals’ reasoning for political activity. Interviews were conducted within a context of political work: local councils throughout the U.K. with officers (n=30), who engage in more typical workplace politics, and councillors (n=30), whose role it is to be political. In the first study, attributional analysis was used to elicit the cause (i.e., motivation) of junior, mid-level and senior individuals’ engagement in political activity. A key finding from this study was that power was important for the content of political motivation. Consequently, study two built on the findings of study one by adopting a unique social-cognitive mental mapping methodology to elicit the ‘power mental models’ of individuals and how these impacted political will. Overall, findings from study one suggested that individuals’ environment, contextuality and positionality are important to political will including the impact of seniority, suggesting political motivation is part of a process of social cognition. Study two went further and illustrates how power forebears political will, acting to shape or constrain motivation. Implications of these insights from an interdisciplinary perspective are discussed in the final chapter, alongside directions for future research.
You can securely generate a shared secret by communicating only on an insecure channel.
Creators: name: Michael, Lodi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Big ideas (core ideas, powerful ideas) are important ideas about a discipline that students should remember, even when technical details are lost. They are powerful and surprising ideas of the discipline.

For instance, in cryptography, you can create a secret securely even on an insecure channel (e.g., using the Diffie-Hellmann-Merkle key exchange), a concept that revolutionizes security.

This is a very surprising fact and makes you marvel at the power of Informatics/CS/cryptography