cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Trajectories of life satisfaction during one-year period among university students: Relations with measures of achievement strategies and perception of criteria for adulthood
Creators: name: Piumatti, Giovanni
Publisher: name: South Eastern European Journal of Public Health (SEEJPH)
Year: 2017

description: Aim: The aim of this study was to examine how university students’ achievement strategies in an academic context and perceptions of criteria for adulthood relate to life satisfaction trajectories across one year. Methods: A convenience sample of 143 young adults 18-28 years (mean age: 20.9±2.7 years; 109 females and 34 males) attending the University of Turin in northwest Italy completed questionnaires at three points with a six-month interval between each measurement. Latent Growth Curve Modelling and Latent Class Growth Analysis were used to assess longitudinal changes in life satisfaction and the related heterogeneity within the current sample. Results: Three trajectories of life satisfaction emerged: high stable (37%), moderate decreasing (57%), and low stable (6%). At every time point high success expectations were related to a high stable life satisfaction trajectory. In turn, those adopting achievement avoidance strategies were more likely to have low-stable or moderately decreasing life satisfaction trajectories. The perception of the criteria deemed important to be defined as adults did not change across time points or across life satisfaction trajectories’ groups. Conclusion: These findings suggest that self-reported measures of achievement strategies among university students relate longitudinally to life satisfaction levels. Positive and optimistic dimensions of personal striving may be protective factors against the risk of decrease of life satisfaction among university students.
description: South Eastern European Journal of Public Health (SEEJPH), Volume VII, 2017
Additional file 6 of How independent is the international food information council from the food and beverage industry? A content analysis of internal industry documents
Creators: name: Zaltz, Daniel A.
name: Bisi, Lauren E.
name: Ruskin, Gary
name: Hoe, Connie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 6. 2012–2015 Strategy.
Spiral wave chimeras in locally coupled oscillator systems
Creators: name: Li, Bing-Wei
name: Dierckx, Hans
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recently discovered chimera state involves the coexistence of synchronized and desynchronized states for a group of identical oscillators. This fascinating chimera state has until now been found only in non-local or globally coupled oscillator systems. In this work, we for the first time show numerical evidence of the existence of spiral wave chimeras in reaction-diffusion systems where each element is locally coupled by diffusion. This spiral wave chimera rotates inwardly, i.e., coherent waves propagate toward the phase randomized core. A continuous transition from spiral waves with smooth core to spiral wave chimeras is found as we change the local dynamics of the system. Our findings on the spiral wave chimera in locally coupled oscillator systems largely improve our understanding of the chimera state and suggest that spiral chimera states may be found in natural systems which can be modeled by a set of oscillators indirectly coupled by a diffusive environment.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
”Det skærper vores fokus”
Creators: name: Pedersen, Marlene Rosager Lund
name: Ibsen, Bjarne
Publisher: name: CEPRA-striben
Year: 2022

description: Artiklen fremlægger resultater fra et forskningsprojekt, der evaluerer en indsats i Høje-Taastrup Kommune, som blandt andet tager sigte på at styrke forældres kompetencer til at fremme spædbørns motoriske udvikling. Artiklen bygger på en virkningsevaluering af forældrenes kompetencer og oplevelse af, hvad der har haft betydning for implementeringen. Analysen viser, at indsatsen har skærpet forældrenes fokus på børns motoriske udvikling i en tidlig alder og styrket deres kompetencer. Forældrene har tillid til sundhedsplejerskerne, hvilket er en vigtig forudsætning dels for samspillet, dels for at forældrene tager sundhedsplejerskernes anbefalinger til sig. Nøgleord: evaluering; virkning; kompetence; indsats; børns motoriske udvikling; implementering.
description: CEPRA-striben, Nr. 31 (2022): Tema: Åbent call
Additional file 1 of Identifying core strategies and mechanisms for spreading a national medicines optimisation programme across England—a mixed-method study applying qualitative thematic analysis and Qualitative Comparative Analysis
Creators: name: Ziemann, Alexandra
name: Sibley, Andrew
name: Tuvey, Sam
name: Robens, Sarah
name: Scarbrough, Harry
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. COREQ checklist.
Family Matters: Promoting the Academic Adaptation of Latino Youth in New and Established Destination
Creators: name: Spees, Lisa
name: Fuligni, Andrew
name: Perreira, Krista M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: As primary agents of socialization, families and schools can powerfully shape the academic adaptation of youth. Using data from the SIAA studies, we compare the family and school environments of Latino high school seniors living in a new destination, North Carolina, with those living in an established destination, Los Angeles. We then evaluate how family and school environments influence their educational aspirations, expectations, and performance. We find that parents’ achievement expectations promote Latino youths’ academic success while perceived future family obligations inhibit them. Additionally, we find that schools remain essential in promoting Latino immigrant youths’ achievement by providing a supportive and safe learning environment. Discrimination in schools and the broader community is associated with lower educational expectations and aspirations but not lower academic performance.
Daily parental knowledge of youth activities is linked to youth physical symptoms and HPA functioning.
Creators: name: Almeida, David M.
name: McHale, Susan M.
name: Davis, Kelly D.
name: Lippold, Melissa A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Considerable evidence documents linkages between parental knowledge of youth activities and youth risky behavior. We extended this research to determine whether parental knowledge was associated with youth physical health, including reports of physical symptoms (e.g., headaches, stomachaches) and a biomarker of hypothalamic pituitary adrenocortical (HPA) axis functioning (i.e., salivary cortisol levels). Participants were children of employees in the Information Technology division of a Fortune 500 company (N = 132, Mean Age Youth = 13.39 years, 55% female) who participated in a daily diary study. Data were collected via telephone calls on eight consecutive evenings. On four study days, cortisol samples were collected at 4 time points (waking, 30 min after waking, before dinner, bedtime). Multi-level models revealed that, at the between-person level, youth whose parents had higher average knowledge about their activities, exhibited lower bedtime cortisol levels. Furthermore, at the within-person level, on days when parents displayed more knowledge than usual (relative to their own eight-day average), youth had lower before-dinner cortisol than usual. Linkages between average parental knowledge and physical health symptoms were moderated by youth age: Younger but not older adolescents whose parents were more knowledgeable had fewer physical health symptoms, on average. A next step is to identify the processes that underlie these associations.
The emerging public health legislation in Ukraine
Creators: name: Senyuta, Iryna
Publisher: name: South Eastern European Journal of Public Health (SEEJPH)
Year: 2017

description: As Ukraine has started the legal process for a public health legislation, this narrative review attempts to: i) characterize recent legal acts (which are current as well as drafts) and international standards in the sphere of public health; ii) analyze the definitions of public health legally relevant to Ukraine, in particular: public health and public health protection; iii) discuss related definitions relevant to the health sector; iv) characterize the main subjects tasked to protect public health; v) and clarify the necessary educational innovations, which are the basis in the preparation of human resources for an efficient implementation of the public health concept. After referring to the current legislative process and a discussion of some of the concepts and terminologies available in the literature, the following understanding of the terminology is proposed here: i) ‘Public Health’ should be understood as mental and physical health of the population in a certain territory, determined by the best achievable demographic indicators, characterized by decreasing morbidity and mortality and increasing the potential to lead an active and long life; ii) the term ‘Public Health Protection’ (or, ‘Protection of Public Health’) should address a system of measures which are aimed at prevention and control of morbidity, optimization of demographic indicators, promoting a value-oriented state policy, securing biological and genetic safety and relying on joint societal efforts. It is essential that the implementation of a public health law is underpinned by adapting the postgraduate educational system to the new challenges in Ukraine.
description: South Eastern European Journal of Public Health (SEEJPH), Volume VII, 2017
Evaluering af styrkelse af det pædagogiske personales kompetencer til at fremme småbørns motoriske udvikling
Creators: name: Pedersen, Marlene Rosager Lund
name: Ibsen, Bjarne
Publisher: name: CEPRA-striben
Year: 2022

description: Artiklen præsenterer resultater fra et forskningsprojekt. I projektet blev det undersøgt, om en faglig indsats giver et kompetenceløft til det pædagogiske personale i vuggestuer og dagplejen, hvad angår arbejdet med småbørns motoriske udvikling. Det blev også undersøgt, hvordan personalet oplever implementeringen af indsatsen. Datamaterialet omfatter personalets vurdering og inkluderer observationer, interviews og personalets besvarelser af spørgeskemaer fra 20 institutioner i Høje-Taastrup Kommune, hvor indsatsen er blevet gennemført. Resultaterne viser, at indsatsen har styrket personalets kompetencer i praksis, men medarbejderne oplever både fremmende elementer (indsatsen foregår i praksis og er nem at gå til) og hæmmende elementer (udskiftning blandt personalet og manglende interesse) ved implementeringen af indsatsen. Nøgleord: småbørns motoriske udvikling, indsats, dagtilbud, kompetence, implementering, evaluering.
description: CEPRA-striben, Nr. 31 (2022): Tema: Åbent call
Four-Fermion Limit of Gauge-Yukawa Theories
Creators: name: Krog, Jens
name: Mojaza, Matin
name: Sannino, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We elucidate and extend the conditions that map gauge-Yukawa theories at low energies into time-honoured gauged four-fermion interactions at high energies. These compositeness conditions permit to investigate theories of composite dynamics through gauge-Yukawa theories. Here we investigate whether perturbative gauge-Yukawa theories can have a strongly coupled limit at high-energy, that can be mapped into a four-fermion theory. Interestingly, we are able to precisely carve out a region of the perturbative parameter space supporting such a composite limit. This has interesting implications on our current view on models of particle physics. As a template model we use an $SU(N_C)$ gauge theory with $N_F$ Dirac fermions transforming according to the fundamental representation of the gauge group. The fermions further interact with a gauge singlet complex $N_F\times N_F$ Higgs that ceases to be a physical degree of freedom at the ultraviolet composite scale, where it gives away to the four-fermion interactions. We compute the hierarchy between the ultraviolet and infrared composite scales of the theory and show that they are naturally large and well separated. Our results show that some weakly coupled gauge-Yukawa theories can be viewed, in fact, as composite theories. It is therefore tantalising to speculate that the standard model, with its phenomenological perturbative Higgs sector, could hide, in plain sight, a composite theory.
description: 20 pages, 9 figures, 10 pages Appendix, corrected typos and reference added
Additional file 2 of Identifying core strategies and mechanisms for spreading a national medicines optimisation programme across England—a mixed-method study applying qualitative thematic analysis and Qualitative Comparative Analysis
Creators: name: Ziemann, Alexandra
name: Sibley, Andrew
name: Tuvey, Sam
name: Robens, Sarah
name: Scarbrough, Harry
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2. Interview guide.
Protecting the planet and sustainable development
Creators: name: Kahn, Laura H.
Publisher: name: South Eastern European Journal of Public Health (SEEJPH)
Year: 2017

description: The United Nations has made a commitment for sustainable development. An important component of this is a healthy environment. But what exactly is a healthy environment? Environmental health specialists typically focus on occupational exposures in workers; the field mainly addresses the abiotic (i.e. non-living) aspects of environments. Ecosystem health addresses biotic (i.e. living) aspects of environments. Merging these two realms is essential for sustainable development but will be challenging because the fields are so different. The United Nations, individual countries, and schools of public health could do much to help merge these realms by implementing environmental/ecosystem health into their missions and curriculums.
description: South Eastern European Journal of Public Health (SEEJPH), Volume VII, 2017
RV-detected planets around M dwarfs: Challenges for core accretion models
Creators: name: Schlecker, Martin
name: Burn, Remo
name: Sabotta, Silvia
name: Seifert, Antonia
name: Henning, Thomas
name: Emsenhuber, Alexandre
name: Mordasini, Christoph
name: Reffert, Sabine
name: Shan, Yutong
name: Klahr, Hubert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Planet formation is sensitive to the conditions in protoplanetary disks, for which scaling laws as a function of stellar mass are known. We aim to test whether the observed population of planets around low-mass stars can be explained by these trends, or if separate formation channels are needed. We address this question by confronting a state-of-the-art planet population synthesis model with a sample of planets around M dwarfs observed by the HARPS and CARMENES radial velocity (RV) surveys. To account for detection biases, we performed injection and retrieval experiments on the actual RV data to produce synthetic observations of planets that we simulated following the core accretion paradigm. These simulations robustly yield the previously reported high occurrence of rocky planets around M dwarfs and generally agree with their planetary mass function. In contrast, our simulations cannot reproduce a population of giant planets around stars less massive than 0.5 solar masses. This potentially indicates an alternative formation channel for giant planets around the least massive stars that cannot be explained with current core accretion theories. We further find a stellar mass dependency in the detection rate of short-period planets. A lack of close-in planets around the earlier-type stars ($M_\star \gtrsim 0.4\, M_\odot$) in our sample remains unexplained by our model and indicates dissimilar planet migration barriers in disks of different spectral subtypes. Both discrepancies can be attributed to gaps in our understanding of planet migration in nascent M dwarf systems. They underline the different conditions around young stars of different spectral subtypes, and the importance of taking these differences into account when studying planet formation.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A. 19 pages, 9 figures
Socio-demographic factors and selected clinical characteristics of patients with retinal vein occlusions in transitional Albania
Creators: name: Rustani-Batku, Manushaqe
name: Tonuzi, Ali
Publisher: name: South Eastern European Journal of Public Health (SEEJPH)
Year: 2017

description: Aim: The aim of our study was to assess the distribution of socio-demographic factors and the clinical profile of individuals diagnosed with retinal vein occlusion (RVO) in Albania, a former communist country in South-eastern Europe which has been undergoing a rapid transition in the past decades. Methods: This study was carried out in 2013-2016 at the Primary Health Care Centre No. 2 in Tirana municipality, which is the capital of Albania. During this timeframe, on the whole, 44 patients were diagnosed with RVO at this primary health care centre (17 women and 27 men; overall mean age: 69.5±11.5 years). The diagnosis of RVO was based on signs and symptoms indicating a quick reduction of the sight (vision), fundoscopy, fluorescein angiography and the optical coherence tomography. Data on socio-demographic factors and clinical characteristics were also gathered for each study participant. Results: The prevalence of glaucoma was considerably higher in men than in women (67% vs. 24%, respectively, P=0.01). Diabetic retinopathy was somehow more prevalent in women than in men (18% vs. 11%, respectively), whereas an opposite finding was noted for the presence of hypertensive retinopathy (6% vs. 11%, respectively). The prevalence of cataract was higher in female patients compared with their male counterparts (18% vs. 7%, respectively, P=0.36). Both macular oedema and papillary oedema were almost equally distributed in men and in women (22% vs. 18% and 4% vs. 6%, respectively). All female patients had comorbid conditions compared to 85% of their male counterparts (P=0.15). The prevalence of hypertension was almost identical in both sexes (52% in men vs. 53% in women), whereas the prevalence of diabetes was somehow higher in men than in women (26% vs. 18%, respectively). Conclusion: This is one of the very few studies informing about the distribution of socio-demographic factors and selected clinical characteristics of individuals diagnosed with RVO in transitional Albania.
description: South Eastern European Journal of Public Health (SEEJPH), Volume VII, 2017
Additional file 3 of Identifying core strategies and mechanisms for spreading a national medicines optimisation programme across England—a mixed-method study applying qualitative thematic analysis and Qualitative Comparative Analysis
Creators: name: Ziemann, Alexandra
name: Sibley, Andrew
name: Tuvey, Sam
name: Robens, Sarah
name: Scarbrough, Harry
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 3. Coding tree.
Evidence for a moderate spin from X-ray reflection of the high-mass supermassive black hole in the cluster-hosted quasar H1821+643
Creators: name: Sisk-Reynés, Júlia
name: Reynolds, Christopher S.
name: Matthews, James H.
name: Smith, Robyn N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an analysis of deep $Chandra$ Low-Energy and High-Energy Transmission Grating archival observations of the extraordinarily luminous radio-quiet quasar H1821+643, hosted by a rich and massive cool-core cluster at redshift $z=0.3$. These datasets provide high-resolution spectra of the AGN at two epochs, free from contamination by the intracluster medium and from the effects of photon pile-up, providing a sensitive probe of the iron-$K$ band. At both epochs, the spectrum is well described by a power-law continuum plus X-ray reflection from both the inner accretion disc and cold, slowly-moving distant matter. Adopting this framework, we proceed to examine the properties of the inner disc and the black hole spin. Using Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods, we combine constraints from the two epochs assuming that the black hole spin, inner disc inclination, and inner disc iron abundance are invariant. The black hole spin is found to be modest, with a 90$\%$ credible range of ${a}^{*}=0.62^{+0.22}_{-0.37}$; and, with a mass $M_\mathrm{BH}$ in the range $\log (M_\mathrm{BH}/M_\odot)\sim 9.2-10.5$, this is the most massive black hole candidate for which a well-defined spin constraint has yet been obtained. The modest spin of this black hole supports previous suggestions that the most massive black holes may grow via incoherent or chaotic accretion and/or SMBH-SMBH mergers.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures, 3 tables. Accepted for publication in MNRAS. Amended to include two missing references
Maternal Childhood Sexual Trauma, Child Directed Aggression, Parenting Behavior, and the Moderating Role of Child Sex
Creators: name: Mills-Koonce,
name: Cox,
name: Zvara,
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Using propensity-matched controls, the present study examines the associations between maternal report of child-directed aggression and observed parenting behavior across early childhood for women with and without childhood sexual trauma histories. The moderating role of child sex was also examined. The sample (n=204) is from a longitudinal study of rural poverty exploring the ways in which child, family, and contextual factors shape development over time. After controlling for numerous factors including child and primary caregiver covariates, findings reveal that childhood sexual trauma is related to sensitive parenting behavior and child-directed aggression. Findings further revealed that child sex moderates the relation between sexual trauma history and maternal behavior towards children. Implications for interventions for mothers with childhood sexual trauma histories and directions for future study are proposed.
Introduction of the European Union case definitions to primary care physicians has improved the quality of communicable diseases notification in Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina
Creators: name: Rusnak, Martin
name: Duric, Predrag
name: Jakubcova, Denisa
name: Rusnakova, Viera
name: Obradovic-Balihodzic, Amina
Publisher: name: South Eastern European Journal of Public Health (SEEJPH)
Year: 2017

description: Aim: The Public Health Reform II project was implemented in Bosnia and Herzegovina from December 2011 to December 2013 and was funded by the European Union Aid schema. The principal aim of the project was to strengthen public health services in the country through improved control of public health threats. Workshops for primary care physicians were provided to improve the situation and increase communicable diseases notification rates in eight selected primary care centres. They were followed with visits from the project’s implementing team to verify the effects of trainings. Methods: The quality of notifications from physicians in Tuzla region was compared before and after the workshop. The timeliness was used as an indicator of quality. Medians of timeliness before and after the training were compared by use of Wilcoxon test, whereas the averages of timeliness were compared by use of the t-test. Results: There were 980 reported cases, 80% before the training and 20% after the training. A lower median of timeliness for all the reported cases after the training was statistically significant compared to the median value before the training. A similar picture was revealed for specific diseases i.e. tuberculosis and enteritis, not so for scarlet fever and scabies. Conclusion: The significant reduction in time response between the first symptoms and disease diagnosis indicates the positive impact of the training program in Tuzla. Hence, primary care physicians provided better quality of reported data after the training course.
description: South Eastern European Journal of Public Health (SEEJPH), Volume VIII, 2017
Solar CME Plasma Diagnostics Expressed as Potential Stellar CME Signatures
Creators: name: Wilson, Maurice L.
name: Raymond, John C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Solar coronal mass ejections (CMEs) have a strong association with solar flares that is not fully understood. This characteristic of our Sun's magnetic activity may also occur on other stars, but the lack of successfully detected stellar CMEs makes it difficult to perform statistical studies that might show a similar association between CMEs and flares. Because of the potentially strong association, the search for stellar CMEs often starts with a successful search for superflares on magnetically active stars. Regardless of the flare's presence, we emphasize the utility of searching for CME-specific spectroscopic signatures when attempting to find and confirm stellar CME candidates. We use solar CMEs as examples of why a multitude of ultraviolet emission lines, when detected simultaneously, can substantially improve the credibility of spectroscopically discovered stellar CME candidates. We make predictions on how bright CME-related emission lines can be if they derived from distant stars. We recommend the use of three emission lines in particular (C IV 1550 Angstroms, O VI 1032 Angstroms, and C III 977 Angstroms) due to their potentially bright signal and convenient diagnostic capabilities that can be used to confirm if an observational signature truly derives from a stellar CME.
Enhancing health system’s governance through demographic and health surveys in transitional European countries: The example of Albania
Creators: name: Muja, Herion
name: Burazeri, Genc
name: Schröder-Bäck, Peter
name: Brand, Helmut
Publisher: name: South Eastern European Journal of Public Health (SEEJPH)
Year: 2017

description: To inform policymakers well, there is a need to promote different types of health examination surveys as additional sources of valuable information which, otherwise, would not be available through routine/administrative statistics. This is especially important for former communist countries of South Eastern Europe including Albania, where the existing health information system (HIS) is weak. Among many efforts to strengthen the HIS in Albania, there is currently a commitment to undertake a second round of a nationwide Demographic and Health Survey (DHS). This survey will involve a nationwide representative sample of about 17,000 private households, where all women aged 15-59 years and their respective partners will be interviewed and examined. Externally, the upcoming Albanian DHS will contribute to the European Union accession requirements regarding provision of standardized and valid health information. Furthermore, the DHS will considerably enhance the core functions of the Albanian health system in line with the WHO recommendations. Internally, the DHS will promote societal participation and responsibility in transitional Albania. Importantly, the forthcoming survey will promote good governance including transparency, accountability and health system responsiveness. Also, the DHS will allow for collection of internationally valid and standardized baseline socio-demographic and health information for: assessment of future national trends; monitoring and evaluation of health programs and interventions; evidencing health disparities and inequities; and cross-national comparisons between Albania and different countries of the European Region. Ultimately, findings of the DHS will enable rational decision-making and evidence-based policy formulation in Albania including appropriate planning, prioritization and sound resource allocation. However, transfer of the information collected and implementation in public health policies and interventional programs is rather challenging for most of the countries, particularly for transitional post-communist countries of South Eastern Europe including Albania.
description: South Eastern European Journal of Public Health (SEEJPH), Volume VIII, 2017
A Stable Weighted Residual Finite Element Formulation for the Simulation of Linear Moving Conductor Problems
Creators: name: Subramanian, Sethupathy
name: Bhowmick, Sujata
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The finite element method is one of the widely employed numerical techniques in electrical engineering for the study of electric and magnetic fields. When applied to the moving conductor problems, the finite element method is known to have numerical oscillations in the solution. To resolve this, the upwinding techniques, which are developed for the transport equation are borrowed and directly employed for the magnetic induction equation. In this work, an alternative weighted residual formulation is explored for the simulation of the linear moving conductor problems. The formulation is parameter-free and the stability of the formulation is analytically studied for the 1D version of the moving conductor problem. Then the rate of convergence and the accuracy are illustrated with the help of several test cases in 1D as well as 2D. Subsequently, the stability of the formulation is demonstrated with a 3D moving conductor simulation.
Defining the local nerve blocks for feline distal thoracic limb surgery: a cadaveric study
Creators: name: Enomoto, Masataka
name: Gerard, Mathew P
name: Lascelles, B Duncan X
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Though controversial, onychectomy remains a commonly performed distal thoracic limb surgical procedure in cats. Peripheral nerve block techniques have been proposed in cats undergoing onychectomy but evidence of efficacy is lacking. Preliminary tests of the described technique using cadavers resulted in incomplete staining of nerves. The aim of this study was to develop nerve block methods based on cadaveric dissections and test these methods with cadaveric dye injections.
Renormalization of transverse-momentum-dependent parton distribution on the lattice
Creators: name: Zhang, Kuan
name: Ji, Xiangdong
name: Yang, Yi-Bo
name: Yao, Fei
name: Zhang, Jian-Hui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To calculate the transverse-momentum-dependent parton distribution functions (TMDPDFs) from lattice QCD, an important goal yet to be realized, it is crucial to establish a viable non-perturbative renormalization approach for linear divergences in the corresponding Euclidean quasi-TMDPDF correlators in large-momentum effective theory. We perform a first systematic study of the renormalization property of the quasi-TMDPDFs by calculating the relevant matrix elements in a pion state at 5 lattice spacings ranging from 0.03 fm to 0.12 fm. We demonstrate that the square root of the Wilson loop combined with the short distance hadron matrix element provides a successful method to remove all ultraviolet divergences of the quasi-TMD operator, and thus provide the necessary justification to perform a continuum limit calculation of TMDPDFs. In contrast, the popular RI/MOM renormalization scheme fails to eliminate all linear divergences.
description: 17 pages, 17 figures. accepted version with the TMD wave function case in the supplemental materials
Millisecond burst extractions from synchrotrons using RF phase displacement acceleration
Creators: name: Sota, Pablo A. Arrutia
name: Burrows, Philip N.
name: Fraser, Matthew A.
name: Velotti, Francesco M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: FLASH radiation therapy calls for the delivery of fast bursted spills of particles with dose delivery times of the order of milliseconds. The requirements overlap with fundamental physics experimental requests that are being studied at CERN, albeit at very different energy scales. In this contribution, a scheme for extracting millisecond bursts from synchrotrons is explored by controlling a third-integer resonant and chromatic extraction with RF phase displacement acceleration. The scheme would be implementable in existing medical and experimental synchrotron facilities. Using a model of the CERN Proton Synchrotron, both single-burst and multi-burst extractions are simulated. Results show that 80 - 90% of the total beam intensity is extracted in a single burst of 40 - 60 ms. This would correspond to a ~10 ms burst in a typical medical synchrotron, namely the one outlined in the Proton Ion Medical Machine Study. A set of 3 consecutive bursts of 30 ms was simulated in the Proton Synchrotron with optimised machine parameters.
Evaluation of an implementation strategy for a World Health Organization (WHO) public health report: The implementation of the International Perspectives on Spinal Cord Injury (IPSCI) in Romania
Creators: name: Groote, Per M. Von
name: Skempes, Dimitrios
name: Bickenbach, Jerome E.
Publisher: name: South Eastern European Journal of Public Health (SEEJPH)
Year: 2017

description: Aim: This paper aims to evaluate a strategy for the implementation of public health policy recommendations from the World Health Organization’s (WHO) report “International Perspectives on Spinal Cord Injury” in Romania. More specifically, it seeks to: a) evaluate implementation actions with a focus on a number of people reached and status of completion at 12 months follow-up; b) describe implementation activities undertaken in the course of one year, and; c) evaluate perceived barriers and facilitators of implementation at 12 months follow-up. Methods: A cross-sectional design was adopted with two surveys administered in 2014/15 among key implementers in Romania. The questionnaires contained open-ended, multiple choice and 5-point Likert scale questions. Results on the implementation status, implementation activities performed and self-reported barriers and facilitators were analysed and reported using descriptive statistics. Results: Implementation completion rate was 75%, with 4390 persons directly or indirectly benefiting from the implementation-related activities listed in the final implementation plan reporting. A broad range of implementation experiences was reported. Most common activity types were delivery of services, technical trainings, implementation coordination and development meetings. Most useful tools and processes were the Romanian language version summary of the report, educational meetings, and local consensuses processes. Reported outcomes included the direct output produced, evidence of services provided, and individual or organizational level impact. Most barriers were named for the policymakers and academia as stakeholder groups and most facilitating influences for the private sector, with dependence of policymakers on constituency interest scoring highest barrier and the general availability of European Commission and European Structural Funds highest facilitator. Conclusion: The surveys proved to be both feasible and useful tools to expand our understanding of implementation and to supplement the more standard used implementation strategies at country level.
description: South Eastern European Journal of Public Health (SEEJPH), Volume VIII, 2017
Path length enhancement in disordered media for increased absorption
Creators: name: Mupparapu, Rajeshkumar
name: Vynck, Kevin
name: Svensson, Tomas
name: Burresi, Matteo
name: Wiersma, Diederik S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically and numerically investigate the capability of disordered media to enhance the optical path length in dielectric slabs and augment their light absorption efficiency due to scattering. We first perform a series of Monte Carlo simulations of random walks to determine the path length distribution in weakly to strongly (single to multiple) scattering, non-absorbing dielectric slabs under normally incident light and derive analytical expressions for the path length enhancement in these two limits. Quite interestingly, while multiple scattering is expected to produce long optical paths, we find that media containing a vanishingly small amount of scatterers can still provide high path length enhancements due to the very long trajectories sustained by total internal reflection at the slab interfaces. The path length distributions are then used to calculate the light absorption efficiency of media with varying absorption coefficients. We find that maximum absorption enhancement is obtained at an optimal scattering strength, in-between the single-scattering and the diffusive (strong multiple-scattering) regimes. This study can guide experimentalists towards more efficient and potentially low-cost solutions in photovoltaic technologies.
Gambling Preferences, Options Markets, and Volatility
Creators: name: Whitby, Ryan J.
name: Bowles, T. Boone
name: Blau, Benjamin M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Abstract This study examines whether the gambling behavior of investors affects volume and volatility in financial markets. Focusing on the options market, we find that the ratio of call option volume relative to total option volume is greatest for stocks with return distributions that resemble lotteries. Consistent with the theoretical predictions of Stein (1987), we demonstrate that gambling-motivated trading in the options market influences future spot price volatility. These results not only identify a link between lottery preferences in the stock market and the options market, but they also suggest that lottery preferences can lead to destabilized stock prices.
Additional file 4 of Identifying core strategies and mechanisms for spreading a national medicines optimisation programme across England—a mixed-method study applying qualitative thematic analysis and Qualitative Comparative Analysis
Creators: name: Ziemann, Alexandra
name: Sibley, Andrew
name: Tuvey, Sam
name: Robens, Sarah
name: Scarbrough, Harry
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 4. TCAM spread outcomes.
The Dutch long-term care reform: Moral conflicts in executing the Social Support Act 2015
Creators: name: Jongen, Wesley
name: Schröder-Bäck, Peter
name: Schols, Jos MGA
Publisher: name: South Eastern European Journal of Public Health (SEEJPH)
Year: 2017

description: On 1 January 2015, a new long-term care reform entered into force in the Netherlands, entailing amongst others a decentralization of long-term care responsibilities from the national government to the municipalities by means of a new law: the Social Support Act 2015. Given the often disputed nature of the reform, being characterized on the one hand by severe budget cuts and on the other hand by a normative reorientation towards a participation society, this article examines to what extent municipalities in the Netherlands take (potential) moral conflicts into account in their execution of the Social Support Act 2015. In doing so, the article applies a ‘coherentist’ approach (consisting of both rights-based and consequentialist strands of ethical reasoning), thereby putting six ethical principles at the core (non-maleficence & beneficence, social beneficence, respect for autonomy, social justice, efficiency and proportionality). It is argued that while municipalities are indeed aware of (potential) moral conflicts, the nature of the new law itself leaves insufficient room for municipalities to act in a sufficiently proactive and supportive/empowering manner on these challenges.
description: South Eastern European Journal of Public Health (SEEJPH), Volume VIII, 2017
Indirect Inference Estimation of Mixed Frequency Stochastic Volatility State Space Models using MIDAS Regressions and ARCH Models
Creators: name: Ghysels,
name: Gagliardini,
name: Rubin,
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: We examine the relationship between Mixed Data Sampling (MIDAS) regressions and the estimation of state space models applied to mixed frequency data. While in some cases the binding function is known, in general it is not, and therefore indirect inference is called for. The approach is appealing when we consider state space models which feature stochastic volatility (SV), or other non-Gaussian and nonlinear settings where Maximum Likelihood (ML) methods require computationally demanding approximate filters. The SV feature is particularly relevant when considering high frequency financial series. In addition, we propose a filtering scheme which relies on a combination of reprojection methods and nowcasting MIDAS regressions with ARCH models. We assess the efficiency of our indirect inference estimator for the SV model by comparing it with the ML estimator in Monte Carlo simulation experiments. The ML estimate is computed with a simulation-based Expectation-Maximization (EM) algorithm, in which the smoothing distribution required in the E step is obtained via a particle forward-filtering/backward-smoothing algorithm. Our Monte Carlo simulations show that the Indirect Inference procedure is very appealing, as its statistical accuracy is close to that of MLE but the former procedure has clear advantages in terms of computational efficiency. An application to forecasting quarterly GDP growth in the Euro area with monthly macroeconomic indicators illustrates the usefulness of our procedure in empirical analysis.
Remarks on sine-Gordon kink--fermion system: localized modes and scattering
Creators: name: Gani, Vakhid A.
name: Gorina, Anastasia
name: Perapechka, Ilya
name: Shnir, Yakov
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study numerically the kink-fermion interactions in a 1+1 dimensional toy model, which describes sine-Gordon kinks coupled to the massless Dirac fermions with backreaction. We show that the spectrum of fermionic modes strongly depends on the choice of the coupling, in particular, there are no localized modes for a minimal Yukawa coupling. We analyze the scattering of the fermionic packet by the kink. We demonstrate that the outcome of the collision dynamically depends on the phase of the incoming fermion packet, it results in alternating regimes of positive and negative acceleration of the kink.
description: 22 pages, 6 figures; v2: final/published version
Socioeconomic status and learning from financial information
Creators: name: Kuhnen, Camelia M.
name: Miu, Andrei C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: The majority of lower socioeconomic status (SES) households in the U.S. and Europe do not have stock investments, which is detrimental to wealth accumulation. Here, we examine one explanation for this puzzling fact, namely, that economic adversity may influence how people learn from financial information. Using experimental and survey data from the U.S. and Romania, we find that lower SES individuals form more pessimistic beliefs about the distribution of stock returns and are less likely to invest in stocks when these investments are likely to have good outcomes. SES-related differences in pessimism may help explain variation in investments across households.
Solriamfetol: A Review in Excessive Daytime Sleepiness Associated with Narcolepsy and Obstructive Sleep Apnoea
Creators: name: Hoy, Sheridan M.
Publisher: name: Adis Journals
Year: 2023
Subjects: Medicine

description: Declarations Funding The preparation of this review was not supported by any external funding. Authorship and Conflict of interest Sheridan M. Hoy is a salaried employee of Adis International Ltd/Springer Nature, and declares no relevant conflicts of interest. All authors contributed to this article and are responsible for its content. Ethics approval, Consent to participate, Consent to publish, Availability of data and material, Code availability Not applicable Additional information about this Adis Drug Review can be found here. Abstract Solriamfetol (SUNOSI®) is an oral selective dopamine and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor approved in the EU and the USA for improving wakefulness in adults with excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) associated with narcolepsy or obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA). In phase III studies, 12 weeks’ therapy with solriamfetol within the recommended dosage range for narcolepsy (75 mg or 150 mg once daily) or OSA (37.5 mg, 75 mg or 150 mg once daily) provided early and sustained reductions in excessive sleepiness and improvements in wakefulness relative to placebo. These effects were generally sustained through 52 weeks. The drug’s effectiveness in adults with EDS associated with narcolepsy is supported by results from real-world studies. Solriamfetol demonstrated a consistent safety and tolerability profile across clinical studies, with commonly reported adverse reactions generally occurring within 2 weeks of treatment initiation and mostly resolving within 2 weeks. Thus, solriamfetol represents a useful treatment option for adults with EDS associated with narcolepsy or OSA. © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2023
Additional file 5 of Identifying core strategies and mechanisms for spreading a national medicines optimisation programme across England—a mixed-method study applying qualitative thematic analysis and Qualitative Comparative Analysis
Creators: name: Ziemann, Alexandra
name: Sibley, Andrew
name: Tuvey, Sam
name: Robens, Sarah
name: Scarbrough, Harry
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 5. Research team and reflexivity.