cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Cost of Sharing Information in a Social World
Creators: Ramachandran, Arthi
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Computer science
Social networks
Telecommunication

description: With the increasing prevalence of large scale online social networks, the field has evolved from studying small scale networks and interactions to massive ones that encompass huge fractions of the world’s population. While many methods focus on techniques at scale applied to a single domain, methods that apply techniques across multiple domains are becoming increasingly important. These methods rely on understanding the complex relationships in the data. In the context of social networks, the big data available allows us to better model and analyze the flow of information within the network. The first part of this thesis discusses methods to more effectively learn and predict in a social network by leveraging information across multiple domains and types of data. We document a method to identify users from their access to content in a network and their click behavior. Even on a macro level, click behavior is often hard to obtain. We describe a technique to predict click behavior using other public information about the social network. Communication within a network inevitably has some bias that can be attributed to individual preferences and quality as well as the underlying structure of the network. The second part of the thesis characterizes the structural bias in a network by modeling the underlying information flow as a commodity of trade.
Attractors, Bifurcations and Curvature in Multi-field Inflation
Creators: name: Christodoulidis, Perseas
name: Roest, Diederik
name: Sfakianakis, Evangelos I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent years have seen the introduction of various multi-field inflationary scenarios in which the curvature and geodesics of the scalar manifold play a crucial role. We outline a simple description that unifies these different proposals and discuss their stability criteria. We demonstrate how the underlying dynamics is governed by an effective potential, whose critical points and bifurcations determine the late-time behaviour of the system, thus unifying hyperinflation, angular, orbital and side-tracked inflation. Interestingly, we show that hyperinflation is a special case of side-tracked inflation, relying on the enhanced isometries of the hyperbolic manifold. We provide the explicit coordinate transformation that maps the two models into each other. Finally, we relax the assumption of a field-space isometry along the inflationary direction that has been considered a prerequisite in the literature so far. We explicitly construct inflationary solutions that do not proceed along a field-space isometry or geodesic and use them to discuss stability criteria.
description: 22 pages and 5 figures. Manifestly covariant form of the attractor solution added, small changes to match JCAP version
Allantus japonicus Mocsary 1909
Creators: name: Taeger, Andreas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Tenthredinidae
Allantus
Allantus japonicus

description: Allantus japonicus Mocsáry, 1909
A valid species, Tenthredo (Temuledo) japonica (Mocsáry, 1909).
TYPES. Allantus japonicus Mocsáry, 1909: 32 –33. Syntype (s) Ƥ, “ Japonia ”. Lectotype Ƥ, designated by Shinohara, 1997: 169. Examined.
= Tenthredo carpinata Enslin, 1912b: 104. Unjustified replacement name for Allantus japonicus Mocsáry, 1909.
description: Published as part of Taeger, Andreas, 2013, The type specimens of Tenthredo Linnaeus, 1758 (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae) deposited in the Hungarian Natural History Museum, pp. 201-244 in Zootaxa 3626 (2) on page 217, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3626.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/248049
The Crisis of Spirit: Pan-Balkan Idealism, Transnational Cultural-Diplomatic Networks and Intellectual Cooperation in Interwar Southeast Europe, 1930-1941
Creators: Vuljevic, Suzana
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: History
History, Modern
East Europeans
Politics and culture
International relations and culture

description: The present work tells the story of the rise and fall of a pan-Balkan discourse from the mid-1920s to the eve of the Second World War through an examination of the intellectual output of southeast European diplomat-littérateurs—a range of intellectuals and literati who functioned as conduits between the realms of culture and politics—during the years of dislocation and turmoil following the Great War. It traces the emergence of transnational networks that coalesced around interwar pan-Balkanism, or the wide-ranging and diffuse movement that aimed to forge a union out of Yugoslavia, Romania, Bulgaria, Albania, Greece and Turkey, as well as to build substantive intellectual and cultural links among these states. Beginning with the Locarno treaties and the attendant optimism for a united Europe, the Universal Peace Congress of 1929 in Athens, followed by an evaluation of the consecutive Balkan conferences of the early 1930s alongside the work of its varied proponents, this dissertation illustrates how the stigmatized regional moniker, “the Balkans,” was, in fact, re-inscribed and endowed with a new, positively-inflected meaning in the course of efforts to bring about a rapprochement. Moving beyond the scope of earlier scholarship that pitted the Balkans against the West, instead this work demonstrates the interconnectedness of Balkan and European intellectual networks, as well as local actors’ overwhelming subscription to the tenets of cultural internationalism. This work examines Greek, Yugoslav and Albanian foreign policy, geopolitical agendas, popular press as well as literature in order to demonstrate that alternatives to the nation-state as a method of state-building and intellectual organization were, in fact, under consideration. Ultimately, this dissertation depicts intellectual life in the Balkans as it unfolds over the course of the interwar decades and explains why the Balkan idea reemerged during this critical interlude.
Toric geometry of path signature varieties
Creators: name: Colmenarejo, Laura
name: Galuppi, Francesco
name: Michałek, Mateusz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In stochastic analysis, a standard method to study a path is to work with its signature. This is a sequence of tensors of different order that encode information of the path in a compact form. When the path varies, such signatures parametrize an algebraic variety in the tensor space. The study of these signature varieties builds a bridge between algebraic geometry and stochastics, and allows a fruitful exchange of techniques, ideas, conjectures and solutions. In this paper we study the signature varieties of two very different classes of paths. The class of rough paths is a natural extension of the class of piecewise smooth paths. It plays a central role in stochastics, and its signature variety is toric. The class of axis-parallel paths has a peculiar combinatoric flavour, and we prove that it is toric in many cases.
description: Code for the computations is available at https://sites.google.com/view/l-colmenarejo/publications/code
The Hilbert Action in Regge Calculus
Creators: name: Miller, Warner A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Hilbert action is derived for a simplicial geometry. I recover the usual Regge calculus action by way of a decomposition of the simplicial geometry into 4-dimensional cells defined by the simplicial (Delaunay) lattice as well as its dual (Voronoi) lattice. Within the simplicial geometry, the Riemann scalar curvature, the proper 4-volume, and hence, the Regge action is shown to be exact, in the sense that the definition of the action does not require one to introduce an averaging procedure, or a sequence of continuum metrics which were common in all previous derivations. It appears that the unity of these two dual lattice geometries is a salient feature of Regge calculus.
description: 6 pages, Plain TeX, no figures
Senecio syringifolius O. Hoffm.
Creators: name: Zhou, Ya-Dong
name: Mwachala, Geoffrey
name: Hu, Guang-Wan
name: Wang, Qing-Feng
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Asterales
Asteraceae
Senecio
Senecio syringifolius

description: Senecio syringifolius O.Hoffm.  —
Habit: Liana.
Habitat: LMWF, LMDF, BZ; 1 400–3 300 m. Distribution: II.
 Voucher: Sirimon Track, Alt. 2 742 m, 17 Jul. 2014, SAJIT 001891 (HIB).
References: Blundell (1987), Bussmann & Beck (1995a, 1998), Bussmann (1993, 1994), Agnew (2013).
description: Published as part of Zhou, Ya-Dong, Mwachala, Geoffrey, Hu, Guang-Wan & Wang, Qing-Feng, 2022, Annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Mount Kenya, East Africa, pp. 1-108 in Phytotaxa 546 (1) on page 97, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.546.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6550464
Scaling Features of Price-Volume Cross-Correlation
Creators: name: Ardalankia, Jamshid
name: Osoolian, Mohammad
name: Haven, Emmanuel
name: Jafari, G. Reza
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computational Finance (q-fin.CP)
subject: Statistical Finance (q-fin.ST)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Price without transaction makes no sense. Trading volume authenticates its corresponding price, so there exist mutual information and correlation between price and trading volume. We are curious about fractal features of this correlation and need to know how structures in different scales translate information. To explore the influence of investment size (trading volume), price-wise (gain/loss), and time-scale effects, we analyzed the price and trading volume and their coupling by applying the MF-DXA method. Our results imply that price, trading volume, and price-volume coupling exhibit a power law and are also multifractal. Meanwhile, considering developed markets, the price-volume couplings are significantly negatively correlated. However, in emerging markets, the price has less of a contribution to price-volume coupling. In emerging markets in comparison with the developed markets, trading volume and price are more independent.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures
Real forms of the complex twisted N=2 supersymmetric Toda chain hierarchy in real N=1 and twisted N=2 superspaces
Creators: name: Lechtenfeld, Olaf
name: Sorin, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Three nonequivalent real forms of the complex twisted N=2 supersymmetric Toda chain hierarchy (solv-int/9907021) in real N=1 superspace are presented. It is demonstrated that they possess a global twisted N=2 supersymmetry. We discuss a new superfield basis in which the supersymmetry transformations are local. Furthermore, a representation of this hierarchy is given in terms of two twisted chiral N=2 superfields. The relations to the s-Toda hierarchy by H. Aratyn, E. Nissimov and S. Pacheva (solv-int/9801021) as well as to the modified and derivative NLS hierarchies are established.
Fixed-Point Analysis of the Low-Energy Constants in the Pion-Nucleon Chiral Lagrangian
Creators: name: Kim, Youngman
name: Myhrer, Fred
name: Kubodera, Kuniharu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the framework of heavy-baryon chiral perturbation theory, we investigate the fixed point structure of renormalization group equations (RGE) for the ratios of the renormalized low energy constants (LECs) that feature in the pion-nucleon chiral Lagrangian. The ratios of the LECs deduced from our RGE analysis are found to be in semi-quantitative agreement with those obtained from direct fit to the experimental data. The naturalness of this agreement is discussed using a simple dimensional analysis combined with Wilsonian RGEs.
description: 10 pages
A Framework for Covariate Balance using Bregman Distances
Creators: name: Josey, Kevin P.
name: Juarez-Colunga, Elizabeth
name: Yang, Fan
name: Ghosh, Debashis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A common goal in observational research is to estimate marginal causal effects in the presence of confounding variables. One solution to this problem is to use the covariate distribution to weight the outcomes such that the data appear randomized. The propensity score is a natural quantity that arises in this setting. Propensity score weights have desirable asymptotic properties, but they often fail to adequately balance covariate data in finite samples. Empirical covariate balancing methods pose as an appealing alternative by exactly balancing the sample moments of the covariate distribution. With this objective in mind, we propose a framework for estimating balancing weights by solving a constrained convex program where the criterion function to be optimized is a Bregman distance. We then show that the different distances in this class render identical weights to those of other covariate balancing methods. A series of numerical studies are presented to demonstrate these similarities.
The Creation of Difference Empire, Race, and the Discourse on Prostitution in Colonial Bengal, 1880-1940
Creators: Begum, Farida
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: South Asians
Women's studies

description: This paper examines the problem of prostitution in late 19th century and early 20th century colonial India by focusing on who the people involved in the debates were, especially with regard to colonial Bengal. In the late 19th century, Victorian imperial feminists who were involved in the prostitution debates in England began to see regulation of prostitutes as immoral and degrading to women until they were able to repeal the regulation acts in England. These imperial feminists then turned to India and believed it was their duty to 'help' their 'oppressed sisters' in India who were imagined as victims of Indian men and Indian culture and traditions. By the early 20th century, prostitution was debated on the international stage as the League of Nations passed numerous resolutions and created committees to investigate the problem of prostitution and trafficking. In these discourses, the League's documents were highly focused on deporting European prostitutes from the colonies rather than trying to combat all prostitution everywhere, as race became a signifier of which women should engage in prostitution. In response to the international discourse, Indians themselves began passing laws and speaking out against prostitution within their society. A few Indian male writers lent their voices to the debate by arguing that prostitution in India was a societal problem as it was everywhere else, and it was not unique to Indian culture and traditions. Similar to what the imperial feminists had done in England, these Indian reformers stressed men's complicity in perpetuating prostitution in all societies. They emphasized a need for reforming social problems through various means, with educating the public as one of the most important suggestions. Throughout all of this, the Indians' argument makes clear the case for prostitution as a symptom and marker of modernity, rather than cultural backwardness.
Seriphium kilimandscharicum Koek.
Creators: name: Zhou, Ya-Dong
name: Mwachala, Geoffrey
name: Hu, Guang-Wan
name: Wang, Qing-Feng
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Asterales
Asteraceae
Seriphium
Seriphium kilimandscharicum

description: Seriphium kilimandscharicum (O.Hoffm.) Koek.  —
Habit: Shrub.
Habitat: BZ, UMF, HZ, AZ; 1 900–3 900 m. Distribution: II.
 Voucher: Timau Track,Alt. 3008 m, 20 Jan. 2015, SAJIT 002740 (HIB).
 References: Young & Peacock (1985), Bussmann (1993, 1994, 1996, 2006), Lange et al. (1997), Bussmann & Beck (1998), Beentje (2002).
description: Published as part of Zhou, Ya-Dong, Mwachala, Geoffrey, Hu, Guang-Wan & Wang, Qing-Feng, 2022, Annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Mount Kenya, East Africa, pp. 1-108 in Phytotaxa 546 (1) on page 97, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.546.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6550464
Hamiltonian spacetime dynamics with a spherical null-dust shell
Creators: name: Louko, Jorma
name: Whiting, Bernard F.
name: Friedman, John L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the Hamiltonian dynamics of spherically symmetric Einstein gravity with a thin null-dust shell, under boundary conditions that fix the evolution of the spatial hypersurfaces at the two asymptotically flat infinities of a Kruskal-like manifold. The constraints are eliminated via a Kuchar-type canonical transformation and Hamiltonian reduction. The reduced phase space $\tildeΓ$ consists of two disconnected copies of $R^4$, each associated with one direction of the shell motion. The right-moving and left-moving test shell limits can be attached to the respective components of $\tildeΓ$ as smooth boundaries with topology $R^3$. Choosing the right-hand-side and left-hand-side masses as configuration variables provides a global canonical chart on each component of $\tildeΓ$, and renders the Hamiltonian simple, but encodes the shell dynamics in the momenta in a convoluted way. Choosing the shell curvature radius and the "interior" mass as configuration variables renders the shell dynamics transparent in an arbitrarily specifiable stationary gauge "exterior" to the shell, but the resulting local canonical charts do not cover the three-dimensional subset of $\tildeΓ$ that corresponds to a horizon-straddling shell. When the evolution at the infinities is freed by introducing parametrization clocks, we find on the unreduced phase space a global canonical chart that completely decouples the physical degrees of freedom from the pure gauge degrees of freedom. Replacing one infinity by a flat interior leads to analogous results, but with the reduced phase space $R^2 \cup R^2$. The utility of the results for quantization is discussed.
description: 40 pages, REVTeX v3.1 with amsfonts and epsf, two eps figures. (Minor typos corrected; references updated.)
Can a deportation policy backfire?
Creators: name: Stark, Oded
name: Byra, Lukasz
Publisher: name: Universität Tübingen
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Zuwanderer
subject: 330
subject: Consumption of undocumented migrants
subject: Labor supply of undocumented migrants
subject: Savings of undocumented migrants
subject: Aggregate labor supply of undocumented migrants
subject: Efficacy of a deportation policy of a number of undocumented migrants

description: Drawing on a model in which utility is derived from consumption and effort (labor supply), we ask how the deportation of a number of undocumented migrants influences the decisions regarding labor supply, consumption, and savings of the remaining undocumented migrants. We assume that the intensity of deportation serves as an indicator to the remaining undocumented migrants when they assess the probability of being deported. We find that a higher rate of deportation induces undocumented migrants to work harder, consume less and, as a result of those responses, to save more. Assuming that the purpose of deportation policy is to reduce the aggregate labor supply of undocumented migrants in order to raise the wages of low-skilled native workers, we conclude that the policy can backfire: an increase in the labor supply of the remaining undocumented migrants can more than offset the reduction in the labor supply arising from the deportation of some undocumented migrants. Simulation shows that if the number of deportations in relation to the size of the undocumented migrant workforce is small, then the combined effect of the reduction in the labor supply of the deportees and the increase in the labor supply of the remaining undocumented migrants can be that the aggregate labor supply of undocumented migrants will increase. It follows that an effective deportation policy has to involve the expulsion of a substantial proportion of the total number of undocumented migrants in the workforce.
Saturation effects in DIS at low x
Creators: name: Golec-Biernat, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review basic ideas related to saturation of parton densities at small value of the Bjorken variable x. A special emphasis is put on interpreting the results from the ep deep inelastic scattering experiments at HERA.
description: 19 pages. Plenary presentation at 10th International Workshop on Deep Inelastic Scattering (DIS2002), Cracow, 30 April - 4 May 2002. Some references added
Rhogogaster kaszabi Zombori 1973, syn. nov.
Creators: name: Taeger, Andreas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Tenthredinidae
Rhogogaster
Rhogogaster kaszabi

description: Rhogogaster kaszabi Zombori, 1973
A junior subjective synonym of Tenthredo (Eurogaster) aaliensis (Strand, 1898), syn. nov.
TYPES. Rhogogaster kaszabi Zombori, 1973: 449 –451. Holotype Ƥ (Fig. 23). Type locality: “ Mongolia: Chövsgöl aimak: 8 km N von Somon Burenchaan, am Fluß Delger mörön, 1450 m ”. Secondary homonym of Tenthredo kaszabi Muche, 1965 [= Tenthredo (Eurogaster) mesomela Linnaeus, 1758].
DISCUSSION. Liston et al. (2006) introduced the combination Tenthredo (Eurogaster) aaliensis (Strand, 1898) for the species formerly known as Rhogogaster (or Sciapteryx, or Tenthredo) arctica Kiaer, 1898 in Europe, or Tenthredo microps Konow, 1903 in Asia. The species seems to be variable in colouration. The holotype of R. kaszabi (Fig. 23) is a rather pale specimen and corresponds well with the pale form known as T. microps. The nominal taxa of the group (Eurogaster Zirngiebl, 1953, or mesomela group) require a revision. Should the European forms prove not to be conspecific with the Asian ones, the Asian species is to be called microps, with kaszabi as subjective synonym.
description: Published as part of Taeger, Andreas, 2013, The type specimens of Tenthredo Linnaeus, 1758 (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae) deposited in the Hungarian Natural History Museum, pp. 201-244 in Zootaxa 3626 (2) on page 218, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3626.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/248049
Childhood Obesity: Causes and Prevention (Symposium Proceedings)
Creators: name: Center For Nutrition Policy And Promotion
name: Center For Nutrition Policy And Promotion
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
Health Economics and Policy

description: Excerpt from the report Foreword: In the 1940's, as the Nation positioned itself to enter World War II, it became increasingly evident that many of our young recruits coming primarily from the farms and rural communities of America were bone-thin and hollow-cheeked to the point of failing their physicals. In response to the problem of malnourishment, President Harry S Truman created the National School Lunch Program. Over the years, with the aid of Federal food assistance programs, expanding agricultural production, and a growing economy, malnourishment soon vanished. Today, we as a Nation are faced with a different and possibly more difficult and intractable crisis — that of obesity at epidemic proportions. Of particular concern is the problem of childhood obesity. Today, 1 in 5 children is overweight or obese. Childhood obesity is likely to persist into adult life and puts individuals at risk for stroke, hypertension, diabetes and other chronic diseases. It is also in childhood where eating habits are formed for a lifetime. Now as never before, the nutrition and medical communities are acutely aware of the link between nutrition and health. To focus attention on this growing problem, we at the Department of Agriculture held a symposium on Childhood Obesity: Causes and Prevention on October 27, 1998. There some of the leading scientific and policy experts in nutrition, diet and physical activity gathered to discuss solutions to prevent long-term health risks associated with childhood obesity.
Algebraic Structure of Discrete Zero Curvature Equations and Master Symmetries of Discrete Evolution Equations
Creators: name: Ma, Wen-Xiu
name: Fuchssteiner, Benno
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An algebraic structure related to discrete zero curvature equations is established. It is used to give an approach for generating master symmetries of first degree for systems of discrete evolution equations and an answer to why there exist such master symmetries. The key of the theory is to generate nonisospectral flows $(λ_t=λ^l, l\ge0)$ from the discrete spectral problem associated with a given system of discrete evolution equations. Three examples are given.
description: 24 pages, LaTex, revised
Organisation, Personal und Geschäftsanfall bei den Gerichten und Staatsanwaltschaften im Freistaat Sachsen 2011
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Universität Tübingen
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Justiz , Sachsen , Statistik
subject: 360

description: Diese Veröffentlichung beinhaltet die Ergebnisse der Justizgeschäftsstatistiken, die zu den koordinierten Länderstatistiken gehören und bundeseinheitlich durchgeführt werden. Um die Organe der Justizverwaltung, die gesetzgebenden Körperschaften und die Öffentlichkeit mit den notwendigen Informationen versorgen zu können, werden ausgewählte Daten über die ordentliche Gerichtsbarkeit, Fachgerichtsbarkeiten und Staatsanwaltschaften monatlich erhoben und aufbereitet. Dabei werden der Geschäftsanfall (Neuzugänge), die Geschäftsentwicklung und bei den Erledigungen detaillierte Angaben zum Verfahren erfasst. Die dargestellten Ergebnisse enthalten bei Neuzugängen und erledigten Verfahren keine Abgaben innerhalb des Gerichts. Korrekturen in den Beständen durch die Gerichte führen dazu, dass der Endbestand eines Jahres vom Anfangsbestand des darauf folgenden Jahres abweichen kann. Seit 1993 bzw. 1994 liegen in Sachsen verlässliche Jahresergebnisse vor.
Sigesbeckia orientalis L.
Creators: name: Zhou, Ya-Dong
name: Mwachala, Geoffrey
name: Hu, Guang-Wan
name: Wang, Qing-Feng
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Asterales
Asteraceae
Sigesbeckia
Sigesbeckia orientalis

description: * Sigesbeckia orientalis L.  —
Habit: Herb.
Habitat: LMDF. Distribution: IV.
Voucher: N/A.
Reference: Agnew (2013).
description: Published as part of Zhou, Ya-Dong, Mwachala, Geoffrey, Hu, Guang-Wan & Wang, Qing-Feng, 2022, Annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Mount Kenya, East Africa, pp. 1-108 in Phytotaxa 546 (1) on page 97, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.546.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6550464
Smart Home Personal Assistants: A Security and Privacy Review
Creators: name: Edu, Jide S.
name: Such, Jose M.
name: Suarez-Tangil, Guillermo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Smart Home Personal Assistants (SPA) are an emerging innovation that is changing the way in which home users interact with the technology. However, there are a number of elements that expose these systems to various risks: i) the open nature of the voice channel they use, ii) the complexity of their architecture, iii) the AI features they rely on, and iv) their use of a wide-range of underlying technologies. This paper presents an in-depth review of the security and privacy issues in SPA, categorizing the most important attack vectors and their countermeasures. Based on this, we discuss open research challenges that can help steer the community to tackle and address current security and privacy issues in SPA. One of our key findings is that even though the attack surface of SPA is conspicuously broad and there has been a significant amount of recent research efforts in this area, research has so far focused on a small part of the attack surface, particularly on issues related to the interaction between the user and the SPA devices. We also point out that further research is needed to tackle issues related to authorization, speech recognition or profiling, to name a few. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first article to conduct such a comprehensive review and characterization of the security and privacy issues and countermeasures of SPA.
description: Accepted for publication in ACM Computing Surveys
(Quantum) Space-Time as a Statistical Geometry of Lumps in Random Networks
Creators: name: Requardt, Manfred
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the following we undertake to describe how macroscopic space-time (or rather, a microscopic protoform of it) is supposed to emerge as a superstructure of a web of lumps in a stochastic discrete network structure. As in preceding work (mentioned below), our analysis is based on the working philosophy that both physics and the corresponding mathematics have to be genuinely discrete on the primordial (Planck scale) level. This strategy is concretely implemented in the form of \tit{cellular networks} and \tit{random graphs}. One of our main themes is the development of the concept of \tit{physical (proto)points} or \tit{lumps} as densely entangled subcomplexes of the network and their respective web, establishing something like \tit{(proto)causality}. It may perhaps be said that certain parts of our programme are realisations of some early ideas of Menger and more recent ones sketched by Smolin a couple of years ago. We briefly indicate how this \tit{two-story-concept} of \tit{quantum} space-time can be used to encode the (at least in our view) existing non-local aspects of quantum theory without violating macroscopic space-time causality.
description: 35 pages, Latex, under consideration by CQG
The Cross-Section of Investing Skill
Creators: Sastry, Ravindra Vadali
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Finance

description: Building on insights from the economics of superstars, I develop an efficient method for estimating the skill of mutual fund managers. Outliers are especially helpful for disentangling skill from luck when I explicitly model the cross-sectional distribution of managerial skill using a flexible and realistic function. Forecasted performance is dramatically improved relative to standard regression estimates: an investor selecting (avoiding) the best (worst) decile of funds would improve risk-adjusted performance by 2% (3%) annually. The distribution of skill is found to be fat-tailed and positively skewed, providing a theoretical explanation for the convexity of fund flows.
Organisation, Personal und Geschäftsanfall bei den Gerichten und Staatsanwaltschaften im Freistaat Sachsen 2012
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Universität Tübingen
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Justiz , Sachsen , Statistik
subject: 360

description: Diese Veröffentlichung beinhaltet die Ergebnisse der Justizgeschäftsstatistiken, die zu den koordinierten Länderstatistiken gehören und bundeseinheitlich durchgeführt werden. Um die Organe der Justizverwaltung, die gesetzgebenden Körperschaften und die Öffentlichkeit mit den notwendigen Informationen versorgen zu können, werden ausgewählte Daten über die ordentliche Gerichtsbarkeit, Fachgerichtsbarkeiten und Staatsanwaltschaften monatlich erhoben und aufbereitet. Dabei werden der Geschäftsanfall (Neuzugänge), die Geschäftsentwicklung und bei den Erledigungen detaillierte Angaben zum Verfahren erfasst. Die dargestellten Ergebnisse enthalten bei Neuzugängen und erledigten Verfahren keine Abgaben innerhalb des Gerichts. Korrekturen in den Beständen durch die Gerichte führen dazu, dass der Endbestand eines Jahres vom Anfangsbestand des darauf folgenden Jahres abweichen kann. Seit 1993 bzw. 1994 liegen in Sachsen verlässliche Jahresergebnisse vor.
Bootstrap Universe from Self-Referential Noise
Creators: name: Cahill, Reginald T.
name: Klinger, Christopher M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We further deconstruct Heraclitean Quantum Systems giving a model for a universe using pregeometric notions in which the end-game problem is overcome by means of self-referential noise. The model displays self-organisation with the emergence of 3-space and time. The time phenomenon is richer than the present geometric modelling.
description: 10 pages, Latex
Central hemodynamics in relation to blood lead in young men prior to chronic occupational exposure
Creators: name: Cai-Guo Yu
name: Wei, Fang-Fei
name: Yang, Wen-Yi
name: Zhang, Zhen-Yu
name: Mujaj, Blerim
name: Lutgarde Thijs
name: Feng, Ying-Mei
name: Boggia, José
name: Nawrot, Tim S.
name: Struijker-Boudier, Harry A. J.
name: Staessen, Jan A.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology

description: Background: Aortic pulse wave velocity (aPWV) predicts cardiovascular complications, but the association of central arterial properties with blood lead level (BL) is poorly documented. We therefore assessed their association with BL in 150 young men prior to occupational lead exposure, using baseline data of the Study for Promotion of Health in Recycling Lead (NCT02243904). Methods: Study nurses administered validated questionnaires and performed clinical measurements. Venous blood samples were obtained after 8–12 h of fasting. The radial, carotid and femoral pulse waves were tonometrically recorded. We accounted for ethnicity, age, anthropometric characteristics, mean arterial pressure, heart rate, smoking and drinking, and total and high-density lipoprotein serum cholesterol, as appropriate. Results: Mean values were 4.14 μg/dL for BL, 27 years for age, 108/79/28 mm Hg for central systolic/diastolic/pulse pressure, 100/10% for the augmentation ratio/index, 1.63 for pressure amplification, 5.94 m/s for aPWV, 27/11 mm Hg for the forward/backward pulse pressure height, and 43% for the reflection index. Per 10-fold BL increase, central diastolic pressure and the augmentation ratio were respectively 5.37 mm Hg (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.00–9.75) and 1.57 (CI, 0.20–2.94) greater, whereas central pulse pressure and the forward pulse pressure height were 3.74 mm Hg (CI, 0.60–6.88) and 3.37 mm Hg (CI, 0.22–6.53) smaller (p ≤ .036 for all). The other hemodynamic measurements were unrelated to BL. The reflected pulse peak time was inversely correlated with diastolic pressure (r = −0.20; p ≤ .017). Conclusion: At the exposure levels observed in our current study, aPWV, the gold standard to assess arterial stiffness, was not associated with BL. Increased peripheral arterial resistance, as reflected by higher diastolic pressure, might bring reflection points closer to the heart, thereby moving the backward wave into systole and increasing the augmentation ratio in relation to BL.
The Cryogenic Infrastructure of the XENON1T Dark Matter Experiment: from Design to Performance during the One Ton-Year WIMP Search
Creators: Zhang, Yun
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Physics
Dark matter (Astronomy)
Xenon
Physics--Experiments
Cryoelectronics

description: An abundance of evidence from a wide range of astrophysical and cosmological observations suggests the existence of nonluminous cold dark matter, which makes up about 83% of the matter and 27% of the mass-energy of the Universe. Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs) have been one of the most promising dark matter candidates. Various detection techniques have been used to directly search for the interaction in terrestrial detectors where WIMP particles are expected to scatter off target nuclei. Over the last fifteen years, dual-phase time projection chambers (TPCs) with liquid xenon (LXe) as target and detection medium have led the WIMP dark matter search. The XENON dark matter search project is a phased program focused on the direct detection of WIMPs through a series of experiments employing dual-phase xenon TPCs with increasing target mass operated at the Gran Sasso underground laboratory (LNGS) in Italy. The XENON1T experiment is the most recent generation, completed at the end of 2018. The XENON1T dark matter search results from the one ton-year exposure have set the most stringent limit on the WIMP-nucleon spin-independent elastic scatter cross-section over a wide range of masses, with a minimum upper limit of 4.1 x 10⁻⁴⁷ cm² at 30 GeV · c⁻² and a 90% confidence level. XENON1T is the first WIMP dark matter experiment which has deployed a dual-phase xenon TPC at the multi-ton scale, with 3.2 t of LXe used. The large xenon mass posed new challenges in reliable and stable xenon cooling, in achieving and maintaining ultra-high purity as well as in efficient and safe xenon storage, transfer and recovery. The Cryogenic Infrastructure was designed and constructed to solve these challenges. It consists of four highly interconnected systems --- the Cryogenic System, the Purification System, the Cryostat and Cryogenic Pipe, and the ReStoX System. The XENON1T Cryogenic Infrastructure has performed successfully and will continue to serve the next generation experiment, called XENONnT, with a new Cryostat containing a total of 8.4 tons of xenon. I first give an instrument overview of the systems in XENON1T. I then review the cooling methods in LXe detectors which led to the design of the cooling system implemented in the XENON1T experiment, and suggest a design of the cooling system for future LXe dark matter experiments at the 50 tons scale. I describe and discuss in detail the design and the performance of the XENON1T Cryogenic Infrastructure. Finally, I describe the detector stability and the corresponding data selection in all three XENON1T science runs, and describe the dark matter search results from the one ton-year exposure.
Solanecio angulatus C. Jeffrey
Creators: name: Zhou, Ya-Dong
name: Mwachala, Geoffrey
name: Hu, Guang-Wan
name: Wang, Qing-Feng
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Asterales
Asteraceae
Solanecio
Solanecio angulatus

description: Solanecio angulatus (Vahl) C.Jeffrey  —
Habit: Climber.
Habitat: LMWF, LMDF; up to 1 800 m. Distribution: I.
Voucher: N/A.
References: Bussmann (1993, 1994).
description: Published as part of Zhou, Ya-Dong, Mwachala, Geoffrey, Hu, Guang-Wan & Wang, Qing-Feng, 2022, Annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Mount Kenya, East Africa, pp. 1-108 in Phytotaxa 546 (1) on page 97, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.546.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6550464
The Cultural Contradictions of Cryptography
Creators: Berret, Charles
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mass media
subject: Political science
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: Cryptography
subject: History

description: This dissertation examines the origins of political and scientific commitments that currently frame cryptography, the study of secret codes, arguing that these commitments took shape over the course of the twentieth century. Looking back to the nineteenth century, cryptography was rarely practiced systematically, let alone scientifically, nor was it the contentious political subject it has become in the digital age. Beginning with the rise of computational cryptography in the first half of the twentieth century, this history identifies a quarter-century gap beginning in the late 1940s, when cryptography research was classified and tightly controlled in the US. Observing the reemergence of open research in cryptography in the early 1970s, a course of events that was directly opposed by many members of the US intelligence community, a wave of political scandals unrelated to cryptography during the Nixon years also made the secrecy surrounding cryptography appear untenable, weakening the official capacity to enforce this classification. Today, the subject of cryptography remains highly political and adversarial, with many proponents gripped by the conviction that widespread access to strong cryptography is necessary for a free society in the digital age, while opponents contend that strong cryptography in fact presents a danger to society and the rule of law.  I argue that cryptography would not have become invested with these deep political commitments if it had not been suppressed in research and the media during the postwar years. The greater the force exerted to dissuade writers and scientists from studying cryptography, the more the subject became wrapped in an aura of civil disobedience and public need. These positive political investments in cryptography have since become widely accepted among many civil libertarians, transparency activists, journalists, and computer scientists who treat cryptography as an essential instrument for maintaining a free and open society in the digital age. Likewise, even as opponents of widespread access to strong cryptography have conceded considerable ground in recent decades, their opposition is grounded in many of the same principles that defined their stance during cryptography’s public reemergence in the 1970s. Studying this critical historical moment reveals not only the origins of cryptography’s current politics, but also the political origins of modern cryptography.
One-Way Topological Automata and the Tantalizing Effects of Their Topological Features
Creators: name: Yamakami, Tomoyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Formal Languages and Automata Theory (cs.FL)
subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We cast new light on the existing models of one-way deterministic topological automata by introducing a fresh but general, convenient model, in which, as each input symbol is read, an interior system of an automaton, known as a configuration, continues to evolve in a topological space by applying continuous transition operators one by one. The acceptance and rejection of a given input are determined by observing the interior system after the input is completely processed. Such automata naturally generalize one-way finite automata of various types, including deterministic, probabilistic, quantum, and pushdown automata. We examine the strengths and weaknesses of the power of this new automata model when recognizing formal languages. We investigate tantalizing effects of various topological features of our topological automata by analyzing their behaviors when different kinds of topological spaces and continuous maps, which are used respectively as configuration spaces and transition operators, are provided to the automata. Finally, we present goals and directions of future studies on the topological features of topological automata.
description: (10pt, A4, pp21) This is a complete and corrected version of an extended abstract that appeared in the Proceedings of the 10th International Workshop on Non-Classical Models of Automata and Applications (NCMA 2018), August 21-22, 2018, Kosice, Slovakia, Osterreichische Computer Gesellschaft (the Austrian Computer Society), pp. 197--214, 2018
Cubic Matrix, Nambu Mechanics and Beyond
Creators: name: Kawamura, Yoshiharu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a generalization of cubic matrix mechanics by introducing a canonical triplet and study its relation to Nambu mechanics. The generalized cubic matrix mechanics we consider can be interpreted as a 'quantum' generalization of Nambu mechanics.
description: Latex, 22pages, revised version
Solanecio mannii C. Jeffrey
Creators: name: Zhou, Ya-Dong
name: Mwachala, Geoffrey
name: Hu, Guang-Wan
name: Wang, Qing-Feng
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Asterales
Asteraceae
Solanecio
Solanecio mannii

description: Solanecio mannii (Hook.f.) C.Jeffrey  —
Habit: Herb.
Habitat: LMWF, BZ; up to 3 000 m. Distribution: II.
 Voucher: Kamweti Track, Alt. 2 101 m, 31 Jan. 2015, SAJIT 003029 (HIB).
References: Bussmann (1993, 1994), Bussmann & Beck (1995a), Agnew (2013).
description: Published as part of Zhou, Ya-Dong, Mwachala, Geoffrey, Hu, Guang-Wan & Wang, Qing-Feng, 2022, Annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Mount Kenya, East Africa, pp. 1-108 in Phytotaxa 546 (1) on page 97, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.546.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6550464
Adiabatic Quantum Optimization and Anderson Localization
Creators: name: Altshuler, Boris
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Understanding NP-complete problems is a central topic in computer science. This is why adiabatic quantum optimization has attracted so much attention, as it provided a new approach to tackle NP-complete problems using a quantum computer. The efficiency of this approach is limited by small spectral gaps between the ground and excited states of the quantum computer's Hamiltonian. We will discuss the statistics of the gaps using the borrowed from the theory of quantum disordered systems. It turns out that due to a phenomenon similar to Anderson localization exponentially small gaps appear close to the end of the adiabatic algorithm for large random instances of NP-complete problems. We will present the quantitative analysis of the small spectral gaps and discuss possible consequence of this phenomenon on the adiabatic optimization paradigm.