cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A Survey on Human-centric Communications in Non-cooperative Wireless Relay Networks
Creators: name: Jedari, Behrouz
name: Xia, Feng
name: Ning, Zhaolong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The performance of data delivery in wireless relay networks (WRNs), such as delay-tolerant networks and device-to-device communications heavily relies on the cooperation of mobile nodes (i.e., users and their carried devices). However, selfish nodes may refuse to relay data to others or share their resources with them due to various reasons, such as resource limitations or social preferences. Meanwhile, misbehaving nodes can launch different types of internal attacks (e.g., blackhole and trust-related attacks) to disrupt the normal operation of the network. Numerous mechanisms have been recently proposed to establish secure and efficient communications in WRNs in the presence of selfish and malicious nodes (referred as non-cooperative WRNs). In this paper, we present an in-depth survey on human-centric communication challenges and solutions in the non-cooperative WRNs that focuses on: (1) an overview of the non-cooperative WRNs and introduction to various types of node selfish and malicious behaviors, (2) the impact analysis of node selfish and malicious behaviors on the performance of data forwarding and distribution, (3) selfish and malicious node detection and defense systems, and (4) incentive mechanisms. Finally, we discuss several open problems and future research challenges.
description: 31 pages, 9 figures
Relativistic simultaneity and causality
Creators: name: Bolos, V. J.
name: Liern, V.
name: Olivert, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze two types of relativistic simultaneity associated to an observer: the spacelike simultaneity, given by Landau submanifolds, and the lightlike simultaneity (also known as observed simultaneity), given by past-pointing horismos submanifolds. We study some geometrical conditions to ensure that Landau submanifolds are spacelike and we prove that horismos submanifolds are always lightlike. Finally, we establish some conditions to guarantee the existence of foliations in the space-time whose leaves are these submanifolds of simultaneity generated by an observer.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures. This is a totally revised version of the paper of same title
J/psi Absorption in Heavy Ion Collisions II
Creators: name: Maiani, L.
name: Piccinini, F.
name: Polosa, A. D.
name: Riquer, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the methods introduced in a previous paper, we consider the dissociation of J/psi by the lowest-lying pseudoscalar and vector mesons in the hadronic fireball formed in heavy ion collisions, assumed to be a hadron gas at temperature T. Absorption by nuclear matter is accounted for as well. We compare with the S-U and Pb-Pb data presented by the NA50 Collaboration. From data at low centrality we find T=160-180 MeV, close to the predicted temperature of the transition to quark-gluon plasma and to the temperatures measured by hadron abundances. We extrapolate to higher centralities with the approximation of scaling the energy density of the fireball with the average baryon density per unit transverse area. Using the energy-temperature relation of the hadron gas made by the same pseudoscalar and vector mesons, the fall off of J/psi production shown by the NA50 data, can be marginally reproduced only for the highest temperature, T=180 MeV. If we use the energy-temperature relation of a Hagedorn gas with limiting temperature T_H=173 MeV, predictions fall short from reproducing the data. These results suggest that a different mechanism is responsible for the J/psi suppression at large centralities, which could very well be the formation of quark-gluon plasma.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures, revtex, minor corrections in the numerical results
Scientific Article Recommendation: Exploiting Common Author Relations and Historical Preferences
Creators: name: Xia, Feng
name: Liu, Haifeng
name: Lee, Ivan
name: Cao, Longbing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Scientific article recommender systems are playing an increasingly important role for researchers in retrieving scientific articles of interest in the coming era of big scholarly data. Most existing studies have designed unified methods for all target researchers and hence the same algorithms are run to generate recommendations for all researchers no matter which situations they are in. However, different researchers may have their own features and there might be corresponding methods for them resulting in better recommendations. In this paper, we propose a novel recommendation method which incorporates information on common author relations between articles (i.e., two articles with the same author(s)). The rationale underlying our method is that researchers often search articles published by the same author(s). Since not all researchers have such author-based search patterns, we present two features, which are defined based on information about pairwise articles with common author relations and frequently appeared authors, to determine target researchers for recommendation. Extensive experiments we performed on a real-world dataset demonstrate that the defined features are effective to determine relevant target researchers and the proposed method generates more accurate recommendations for relevant researchers when compared to a Baseline method.
description: 13 pages, 14 figures
An alternative extended linear system for boundary value problems on locally perturbed geometries
Creators: name: Zhang, Yabin
name: Gillman, Adrianna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This manuscript presents a new extended linear system for integral equation based techniques for solving boundary value problems on locally perturbed geometries. The new extended linear system is similar to a previously presented technique for which the authors have constructed a fast direct solver. The key features of the work presented in this paper are that the fast direct solver is more efficient for the new extended linear system and that problems involving specialized quadrature for weakly singular kernels can be easily handled. Numerical results illustrate the improved performance of the fast direct solver for the new extended system when compared to the fast direct solver for the original extended system.
Food Aid Allocation Policies: Donor Coordination and Responsiveness to the Needs of Recipient Countries
Creators: name: Kuhlgatz, Christian
name: Abdulai, Awudu
name: Barrett, Christopher B.
name: Kuhlgatz, Christian
name: Abdulai, Awudu
name: Barrett, Christopher B.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: International Development
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: food aid
subject: need-orientation
subject: donor coordination

description: This study employs a multivariate Tobit model to investigate whether food aid flows of the main donor countries – USA, EU (Community Aid and Member States), Canada, Japan and Australia – respond to recipient countries’ needs and the extent to which the donors interact in their food aid allocation. The response of global food aid is also analyzed with a censored least absolute deviation (CLAD) model to highlight the overall performance of aggregate food aid. The empirical results generally indicate that both global and bilateral food aid are effective instruments in improving food security at the national level in recipient countries. In particular, global food aid is found to be significantly targeted to poorer countries, as well as countries facing temporary food crises, sudden natural disasters and conflicts. All major donor countries are found to direct their food aid shipments to poorer countries and appear to significantly coordinate their food aid shipments, so that food aid from other donors are generally treated as complements. While highly significant persistence is found in each donor’s and global food aid allocation, variables representing donor interests were generally insignificant at conventional levels.
Free Entanglement Measure
Creators: name: Yu, Chang-shui
name: Song, He-shan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, based on the classfication of multiparticle states and the original definition of semiseparability, we give out the redefinition of semiseparability and inseparability of multiparticle states. By virtue of the redefinition, entanglement measure of multiparticle states can be converted into bipartite entanglement measure in arbitrary dimension in mathematical method. A simple expression of entanglement measure is given out. As examples, a general three-particle pure state and an N-particle mixed state are considered.
description: 10 Papes
Wootters' distance revisited: a new distinguishability criterium
Creators: name: Majtey, A. P.
name: Lamberti, P. W.
name: Martin, M. T.
name: Plastino, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The notion of distinguishability between quantum states has shown to be fundamental in the frame of quantum information theory. In this paper we present a new distinguishability criterium by using a information theoretic quantity: the Jensen-Shannon divergence (JSD). This quantity has several interesting properties, both from a conceptual and a formal point of view. Previous to define this distinguishability criterium, we review some of the most frequently used distances defined over quantum mechanics' Hilbert space. In this point our main claim is that the JSD can be taken as a unifying distance between quantum states.
description: 15 pages, 3 figures, changed content, added reference for last section
Socially-Aware Conference Participant Recommendation with Personality Traits
Creators: name: Xia, Feng
name: Asabere, Nana Yaw
name: Liu, Haifeng
name: Chen, Zhen
name: Wang, Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: As a result of the importance of academic collaboration at smart conferences, various researchers have utilized recommender systems to generate effective recommendations for participants. Recent research has shown that the personality traits of users can be used as innovative entities for effective recommendations. Nevertheless, subjective perceptions involving the personality of participants at smart conferences are quite rare and haven't gained much attention. Inspired by the personality and social characteristics of users, we present an algorithm called Socially and Personality Aware Recommendation of Participants (SPARP). Our recommendation methodology hybridizes the computations of similar interpersonal relationships and personality traits among participants. SPARP models the personality and social characteristic profiles of participants at a smart conference. By combining the above recommendation entities, SPARP then recommends participants to each other for effective collaborations. We evaluate SPARP using a relevant dataset. Experimental results confirm that SPARP is reliable and outperforms other state-of-the-art methods.
description: 12 pages, 13 figures
Probing eigenstate thermalization in quantum simulators via fluctuation-dissipation relations
Creators: name: Schuckert, Alexander
name: Knap, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH) offers a universal mechanism for the approach to equilibrium of closed quantum many-body systems. So far, however, experimental studies have focused on the relaxation dynamics of observables as described by the diagonal part of ETH, whose verification requires substantial numerical input. This leaves many of the general assumptions of ETH untested. Here, we propose a theory-independent route to probe the full ETH in quantum simulators by observing the emergence of fluctuation-dissipation relations, which directly probe the off-diagonal part of ETH. We discuss and propose protocols to independently measure fluctuations and dissipations as well as higher-order time ordered correlation functions. We first show how the emergence of fluctuation dissipation relations from a nonequilibrium initial state can be observed for the 2D Bose-Hubbard model in superconducting qubits or quantum gas microscopes. Then we focus on the long-range transverse field Ising model (LTFI), which can be realized with trapped ions. The LTFI exhibits rich thermalization phenomena: For strong transverse fields, we observe prethermalization to an effective magnetization-conserving Hamiltonian in the fluctuation dissipation relations. For weak transverse fields, confined excitations lead to non-thermal features resulting in a violation of the fluctuation-dissipation relations up to long times. Moreover, in an integrable region of the LTFI, thermalization to a generalized Gibbs ensemble occurs and the fluctuation-dissipation relations enable an experimental diagonalization of the Hamiltonian. Our work presents a theory-independent way to characterize thermalization in quantum simulators and paves the way to quantum simulate condensed matter pump-probe experiments.
description: 10+7 pages, 4+2 figures
The Influence of an Ambient Magnetic Field on Relativistic Collisionless Plasma Shocks
Creators: name: Hededal, Christian Busk
name: Nishikawa, Ken-Ichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Plasma outflows from gamma-ray bursts, supernovae, and relativistic jets, in general, interact with the surrounding medium through collisionless shocks. The microphysics of such shocks are still poorly understood, which, potentially, can introduce uncertainties in the interpretation of observations. It is now well established that the Weibel two-stream instability is capable of generating strong electromagnetic fields in the transition region between the jet and the ambient plasma. However, the parameter space of collisionless shocks is vast and still remains unexplored. In this Letter, we focus on how an ambient magnetic field affects the evolution of the electron Weibel instability and the associated shock. Using a particle-in-cell code, we have performed three-dimensional numerical experiments on such shocks. We compare simulations in which a jet is injected into an unmagnetized plasma with simulations in which the jet is injected into a plasma with an ambient magnetic field both parallel and perpendicular to the jet flow. We find that there exists a threshold of the magnetic field strength below which the Weibel two-stream instability dominates, and we note that the interstellar medium magnetic field strength lies well below this value. In the case of a strong magnetic field parallel to the jet, the Weibel instability is quenched. In the strong perpendicular case, ambient and jet electrons are strongly accelerated because of the charge separation between deflected jet electrons and less deflected jet ions. Also, the electromagnetic topologies become highly non-linear and complex with the appearance of anti-parallel field configurations.
description: 4 pages with five figures. Accepted for publication in ApJ Letters
Supplementary Materials.pdf
Creators: name: Huangyue Chen
name: Lingchen Kong
name: Li, Yan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 10303 Optimisation
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Statistics

description: This part manuscript provides the proofs of main theoretical results of the sparse group lasso convex clustering (SGLCC).
Quantifying the Impact of Non-Stationarity in Reinforcement Learning-Based Traffic Signal Control
Creators: name: Alegre, Lucas N.
name: Bazzan, Ana L. C.
name: da Silva, Bruno C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In reinforcement learning (RL), dealing with non-stationarity is a challenging issue. However, some domains such as traffic optimization are inherently non-stationary. Causes for and effects of this are manifold. In particular, when dealing with traffic signal controls, addressing non-stationarity is key since traffic conditions change over time and as a function of traffic control decisions taken in other parts of a network. In this paper we analyze the effects that different sources of non-stationarity have in a network of traffic signals, in which each signal is modeled as a learning agent. More precisely, we study both the effects of changing the \textit{context} in which an agent learns (e.g., a change in flow rates experienced by it), as well as the effects of reducing agent observability of the true environment state. Partial observability may cause distinct states (in which distinct actions are optimal) to be seen as the same by the traffic signal agents. This, in turn, may lead to sub-optimal performance. We show that the lack of suitable sensors to provide a representative observation of the real state seems to affect the performance more drastically than the changes to the underlying traffic patterns.
description: 13 pages
Realistic Event Rates for Detection of Supermassive Black Hole Coalescence by LISA
Creators: name: Rhook, Kirsty J.
name: Wyithe, J. Stuart B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The gravitational waves generated during supermassive black hole (SMBH) coalescence are prime candidates for detection by the satellite LISA. We use the extended Press-Schechter formalism combined with empirically motivated estimates for the SMBH--dark matter halo mass relation and SMBH occupation fraction to estimate the maximum coalescence rate for major SMBH mergers. Assuming efficient binary coalescence, and guided by the lowest nuclear black hole mass inferred in local galactic bulges and nearby low-luminosity active galactic nuclei (10^5 Msun) we predict approximately 15 detections per year at a signal to noise greater than five, in each of the inspiral and ringdown phases. Rare coalescences between SMBHs having masses in excess of 10^7 Msun will be more readily detected via gravitational waves from the ringdown phase.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Myoelectric Videogame Training Functional Outcomes
Creators: name: Martinez-Luna, Carlos
name: Farrell, Todd
name: McDonald, Benjamin
name: Radda, Nicholas
name: Rozell, Brianna
name: Liberating Technologies, Inc.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 90305 Rehabilitation Engineering
subject: FOS: Medical engineering
subject: 90304 Medical Devices
subject: 90399 Biomedical Engineering not elsewhere classified

description: Myoelectric training is important for new patients learning prosthetic limb control. Upper-limb prosthetic fittings are often not successful because the prosthesis does not provide functionality that the user expects. Myoelectric prosthetic users must develop control skills by exercising muscles. Without proper training, users cannot reliably provide suitable myoelectric signals and often fatigue quickly. A Myoelectric Gaming Interface (MEGI) system was developed to provide training by mapping myosignals to video game controls in order to improve muscle tone and coordination.
Abstract for Myoelectric Videogame Training Functional Outcomes. Submitted to and accepted for the 17th (2019) International Society for Prosthetics and Orthotics (ISPO) World Congress.
The reverse shock of SNR1987A at 18 years after outburst
Creators: name: Smith, Nathan
name: Zhekov, Svetozar A.
name: Heng, Kevin
name: McCray, Richard
name: Morse, Jon A.
name: Gladders, Mike
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use low-dispersion spectra obtained at the Magellan Observatory to study the broad H-alpha emission from the reverse shock of the infant supernova remnant SNR1987A. These spectra demonstrate that the spatio-kinematic structure of the reverse shock can be distinguished from that of the circumstellar ring and hotspots, even at ground-based spatial resolution. We measure a total dereddened H-alpha flux of 1.99(pm0.22)e-13 ergs/s/cm2 at an epoch 18.00 years after outburst. At 50 kpc, the total reverse shock luminosity in H-alpha is roughly 15 Lsun, which implies a total flux of neutral hydrogen atoms across the reverse shock of 8.9e46/s, or roughly 2.3e-3 Msun/yr. This represents an increase by a factor ~4 since 1997. Lyman continuum radiation from gas shocked by the forward blast wave can ionize neutral hydrogen atoms in the supernova debris before they reach the reverse shock. If the inward flux of ionizing photons exceeds the flux of hydrogen atoms approaching the reverse shock, this pre-ionization will shut off the broad Ly-alpha and H-alpha emission. The observed X-ray emission of SNR1987A implies that the ratio of ionizing flux to hydrogen atom flux across the reverse shock is presently at least 0.04. The X-ray emission is increasing much faster than the flux of atoms, and if these trends continue, we estimate that the broad Ly-alpha and H-alpha emission will vanish within about 7 years.
description: 5 pgs, Fig 1 in color, accepted by ApJ Letters
Odderon and seven Pomerons: QCD Reggeon field theory from JIMWLK evolution
Creators: name: Kovner, Alex
name: Lublinsky, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We reinterpret the JIMWLK/KLWMIJ evolution equation as the QCD Reggeon field theory (RFT). The basic "quantum Reggeon field" in this theory is the unitary matrix $R$ which represents the single gluon scattering matrix. We discuss the peculiarities of the Hilbert space on which the RFT Hamiltonian acts. We develop a perturbative expansion in the RFT framework, and find several eigenstates of the zeroth order Hamiltonian. The zeroth order of this perturbation preserves the number of $s$ - channel gluons. The eigenstates have a natural interpretation in terms of the $t$ - channel exchanges. Studying the single $s$ - channel gluon sector we find the eigenstates which include the reggeized gluon and five other colored Reggeons. In the two ($s$ - channel) gluon sector we study only singlet color exchanges. We find five charge conjugation even states. The bound state of two reggeized gluons is the standard BFKL Pomeron. The intercepts of the other Pomerons in the large $N$ limit are $1+ω_P=1+2ω$ where $1+ω$ is the intercept of the BFKL Pomeron, but their coupling in perturbation theory is suppressed by at least $1/N^2$ relative to the double BFKL Pomeron exchange. For the $[27,27]$ Pomeron we find $ω_{[27,27]}=2ω+O(1/N)>2ω$. We also find three charge conjugation odd exchanges, one of which is the unit intercept Bartels-Lipatov-Vacca Odderon, while another one has an interecept greater than unity. We explain in what sense our calculation goes beyond the standard BFKL/BKP calculation. We make additional comments and discuss open questions in our approach.
description: 58 pages, 4 figures, Extended version. To appear in JHEP
Assessing Water Policies and Farmers’ Vulnerability in Groundwater Irrigation Systems
Creators: name: Varela-Ortega, Consuelo
name: Esteve, Paloma
name: Downing, Thomas E.
name: Bharwani, Sukaina
name: Varela-Ortega, Consuelo
name: Esteve, Paloma
name: Downing, Thomas E.
name: Bharwani, Sukaina
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: water policies
subject: economic model
subject: vulnerability assessment

description: Spain is the most arid country in Europe and water use as well as water depletion and environmental degradation have slowly become a matter of social concern. Balancing the two objectives of “water for rural livelihoods” and “water for nature” constitutes a difficult challenge for the water Administration. The aim of this paper is to analyze the impact of water conservation policies in the Upper Guadiana River basin (Spain), where intensive irrigated agriculture resulted in the overexploitation of the Western La Mancha aquifer and the subsequent degradation of the highly valuable wetlands. Focus is made on farmers’ vulnerability to these policies. The methodology combines qualitative and quantitative aspects by the integration of an economic model and a vulnerability analysis. The economic model simulates farmers’ behaviour facing different policy options, and the results are used as an input for the analysis of vulnerability based on farm income indicators, through the elaboration of a classification tree. The model integration presented in this work proves that, in the case of the Upper Guadiana, different farm types stand diverse policy impacts and that structural, behavioural and institutional aspects play a major role in those impacts, being small and legal farms the most vulnerable ones.
Multiple-scales analysis of cosmological perturbations in brane-worlds
Creators: name: Battye, Richard A.
name: Mennim, Andrew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new approximation method for solving the equations of motion for cosmological tensor perturbations in a Randall-Sundrum brane-world model of the type with one brane in a five-dimensional anti-de Sitter spacetime. This method avoids the problem of coordinate singularities inherent in some methods. At leading order, the zero-mode solution replicates the evolution of perturbations in a four-dimensional Friedmann-Robertson-Walker universe in the absence of any tensor component to the matter perturbation on the brane. At next order, there is a mode-mixing effect, although, importantly, the zero-mode does not source any other modes.
description: 13 pages, Revtex
First candidates for γ vibrational bands built on the [505]11/2- neutron orbital in odd-A Dy isotopes
Creators: name: Majola, S. N. T.
name: Sithole, M. A.
name: Mdletshe, L.
name: Hartley, D.
name: Timar, J.
name: Nyako, B. M.
name: Allmond, J. M.
name: Bark, R. A.
name: Beausang, C.
name: Bianco, L.
name: Bucher, T. D.
name: Bvumbi, S. P.
name: Carpenter, M. P.
name: Chiara, C. J.
name: Cooper, N.
name: Cullen, D. M.
name: Curien, D.
name: Dinoko, T. S.
name: Gall, B. J. P.
name: Garrett, P. E.
name: Greenlees, P. T.
name: Hirvonen, J.
name: Jakobsson, U.
name: Jones, P. M.
name: Julin, R.
name: Juutinen, S.
name: Ketelhut, S.
name: Kheswa, B. V.
name: Kondev, F. G.
name: Korichi, A.
name: Kulp, W. D.
name: Lauritsen, T.
name: Lawrie, E. A.
name: Makhathini, L.
name: Masiteng, P. L.
name: Maqabuka, B.
name: Mccutchan, E. A.
name: Miller, D.
name: Miller, S.
name: Minkova, A.
name: Msebi, L.
name: Mthembu, S. H.
name: Ndayishimye, J.
name: Nieminen, P.
name: Ngcobo, P. Z.
name: Ntshangase, S. S.
name: Orce, J. N.
name: Peura, P.
name: Rahkila, P.
name: Redon, N.
name: Riedinger, L. L.
name: Riley, M. A.
name: Roux, D. G.
name: Ruotsalainen, P.
name: Piot, J.
name: Saren, J.
name: Sharpey-Schafer, J. F.
name: Scholey, C.
name: Shirinda, O.
name: Simpson, J.
name: Sorri, J.
name: Stefanescu, I.
name: Stolze, S.
name: Uusitalo, J.
name: Wang, X.
name: Werner, V.
name: Wood, J. L.
name: Yu, C. H.
name: Zhu, S.
name: Zimba, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Rotational structures have been measured using the Jurogam II and GAMMASPHERE arrays at low spin following the 155Gd(α,2n)157Dy and 148Nd(12C, 5n)155Dy reactions at 25 and 65 MeV, respectively. We report high-K bands, which are conjectured to be the first candidates of a Kπ= 2+ γ vibrational band, built on the [505]11/2- neutron orbital, in both odd-A 155, 157Dy isotopes. The coupling of the first excited K=0+ states or the so-called \b{eta} vibrational bands at 661 and 676 keV in 154Dy and 156Dy to the [505]11/2- orbital, to produce a Kπ=11/2- band, was not observed in both 155Dy and 157Dy, respectively. The implication of these findings on the interpretation of the first excited 0+ states in the core nuclei 154Dy and 156Dy are also discussed.
description: Published in Physical Rev C
PIS: A Multi-dimensional Routing Protocol for Socially-aware Networking
Creators: name: Xia, Feng
name: Liu, Li
name: Jedari, Behrouz
name: Das, Sajal K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Socially-aware networking is an emerging paradigm for intermittently connected networks consisting of mobile users with social relationships and characteristics. In this setting, humans are the main carriers of mobile devices. Hence, their connections, social features, and behaviors can be exploited to improve the performance of data forwarding protocols. In this paper, we first explore the impact of three social features, namely physical proximity, user interests, and social relationship on users' daily routines. Then, we propose a multi-dimensional routing protocol called Proximity-Interest-Social (PIS) protocol in which the three different social dimensions are integrated into a unified distance function in order to select optimal intermediate data carriers. PIS protocol utilizes a time slot management mechanism to discover users' movement similarities in different time periods during a day. We compare the performance of PIS to Epidemic, PROPHET, and SimBet routing protocols using SIGCOMM09 and INFOCOM06 data sets. The experiment results show that PIS outperforms other benchmark routing protocols with the highest data delivery ratio with a low communication overhead.
description: 13 pages, 13 figures
Infrared [Fe II] emission from P Cygni's nebula: Atomic data, mass, kinematics, and the 1600 A.D. outburst
Creators: name: Smith, Nathan
name: Hartigan, Patrick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present moderate and high-dispersion 1-2.5 micron spectra of the 10 arcsec nebula around P Cygni, dominated by bright emission lines of [Fe II]. Observed [Fe II] line ratios disagree with theoretical transition rates in the literature, so we use the spectrum of P Cygni's nebula to constrain the atomic data for low-lying levels of [Fe II]. Of particular interest is the ratio [Fe II] 12567/16435, often used as a reddening indicator, for which we empirically derive an intrinsic value of 1.49, which is 10--40 per cent higher than previous estimates. High-dispersion spectra of [Fe II] 16435 constrain the geometry, detailed structure, and kinematics of P Cygni's nebula, which is the major product of P Cygni's outburst in 1600 A.D. We use the [N II]/[N I] line ratio to conclude that the nebula is mostly ionized with a total mass of ~0.1 Msun; more than the mass lost by the stellar wind since the eruption. For this mass, we would expect a larger infrared excess than observed. We propose that the dust which obscured the star after the outburst has since been largely destroyed, releasing Fe into the gas phase to produce the bright [Fe II] emission. The kinetic energy of this shell is ~2e46 ergs, far less than the kinetic energy released during the giant eruption of eta Car in the 1840s. The mass and kinetic energy in the nebulae of eta Car and P Cygni give insight to the range of parameters expected for extragalactic eta Car-like eruptions.
description: 23 pgs. Accepted by ApJ
Observation of B+ --> K1(1270)+ gamma
Creators: name: Yang, Heyoung
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the observation of the radiative decay B+ --> K1(1270)+ gamma using a data sample of 140 fb-1 taken at the Upsilon(4S) resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB e+e- collider. We find the branching fraction to be Br(B+ --> K1(1270)+ gamma) = (4.3 +- 0.9(stat.) +- 0.9(syst.)) x 10-5 with a statistical significance of 7.3sigma. We find no significant signal for B+ --> K1(1400)+ gamma and set an upper limit Br(B+ --> K1(1400)+ gamma) < 1.5 x 10-5 at the 90% confidence level. We also measure inclusive branching fractions for B+ --> K+ pi+ pi- gamma and B0 --> K0 pi+ pi- gamma in the mass range 1 GeV/c^2 < M(K+(0)pi+pi-) < 2 GeV/c^2.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures, 1 table, Published in Phys.Rev.Lett
Assessing programmes for the provision of agri-environmental services – An efficiency analysis realized in Southern Germany
Creators: name: Kantelhardt, Jochen
name: Eckstein, Karin
name: Hoffmann, Helmut
name: Kantelhardt, Jochen
name: Eckstein, Karin
name: Hoffmann, Helmut
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Agri-environmental programme
subject: data envelopment analysis
subject: environmental efficiency
subject: economic efficiency

description: Agricultural land use does not only concern farmers, but is of high relevance for the environment. Agri-environmental programmes aim to foster the environmental soundness of agricultural production. The aim of this study is to analyse the impact of agri-environmental programmes on the economic and the environmental performance of farms. Using the nonparametric method of Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), we calculated the economic as well as the environmental efficiencies of farms and examined whether farms are able to succeed in combining environmental and economic efficiency. As study object serves a South German agri-environmental programme, the Bavarian KULAP. A farm survey was conducted covering a total of 102 farmers. The results show that farmers who participate in agri-environmental measures with tight requirements succeed in combining environmental and economic efficiency. We conclude that DEA is a suitable instrument for assessing agri-environmental programmes.
Dark Matter and Gamma-Rays From Draco: MAGIC, GLAST and CACTUS
Creators: name: Bergstrom, Lars
name: Hooper, Dan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dwarf spheroidal galaxy Draco has long been considered likely to be one of the brightest point sources of gamma-rays generated through dark matter annihilations. Recent studies of this object have found that it remains largely intact from tidal striping, and may be more massive than previously thought. In this article, we revisit Draco as a source of dark matter annihilation radiation, with these new observational constraints in mind. We discuss the prospects for the experiments MAGIC and GLAST to detect dark matter in Draco, as well as constraints from the observations of EGRET. We also discuss the possibility that the CACTUS experiment has already detected gamma-rays from Draco. We find that it is difficult to generate the flux reported by CACTUS without resorting to non-thermally produced WIMPs and/or a density spike in Draco's dark matter distribution due to the presence of an intermediate mass black hole. We also find that for most annihilation modes, a positive detection of Draco by CACTUS would be inconsistent with the lack of events seen by EGRET.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures, 2 tables
Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae Strains: Susceptibility to Novel Antibiotics and Molecular Detection of the Resistance Mechanisms - A Study from Two Greek Tertiary Teaching Hospitals
Creators: name: Rousis, Dimitrios
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 110303 Clinical Microbiology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Abstract
Objectives: We evaluated the carbapenem resistance mechanisms of Klebsiella pneumoniae strains isolated in two Greek tertiary teaching hospitals and their susceptibility to currently used and novel antimicrobial agents.
Materials and methods: Forty-seven carbapenem resistant K. pneumoniae strains were collected in G. Papanikolaou and Ippokrateio hospital of Thessaloniki from 1/11/2016 to 5/1/2018 and 26/1/2017 to 19/4/2017 respectively. Strain identification and antimicrobial susceptibility was conducted by Vitek 2 system (Biomérieux France). Susceptibility against new antimicrobial agents was examined by disk diffusion method. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used for the detection of blaKPC, blaVIM, blaNDM and blaOXA-48 genes.
Results: The EDTA-boronic acid disk synergy test performed on the 24 K. pneumoniae strains from G. Papanikolaou hospital demonstrated that 8 (33.3%) yielded positive for metallo-b-lactamases (MBL) and 16 (66.6%) for K. pneumoniae carbapenemases (KPC) production. Gentamycin demonstrated the highest in vitro activity (82.6%) among the 23 K. pneumoniae strains from Ippokrateio hospital followed by colistin (73.9%) and tigecycline (69.5%). All strains from G. Papanikolaou hospital were sensitive to colistin whereas the 70.8% of them displayed susceptibility to gentamycin. Ceftazidime/ avibactam showed the highest sensitivity (76.6%) in all strains followed by eravacyclin (66.6%). The blaKPC gene was present in 30 strains (63.8%), the blaNDM in 11 (23.4%) and the blaVIM in 6 (12.8%). The blaOXA-48 gene was not detected.
Conclusions: Well established antimicrobial agents such as colistin, gentamycin and tigecycline and novel antibiotics like ceftazidime/avibactam and eravacycline may be reliable options for the treatment of invasive infections caused by KPC-producing pathogens.
Acoustic black hole in Schwarzschild spacetime: quasi-normal modes, analogous Hawking radiation and shadows
Creators: name: Guo, Hong
name: Liu, Hang
name: Kuang, Xiao-Mei
name: Wang, Bin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Various properties of acoustic black holes constructed in Minkowski spacetime have been widely studied in the past decades. Recently the acoustic black holes in general spacetime were proposed . In this paper, we first investigate the basic characteristics of `curved' acoustic black hole in Schwarzschild spacetime, including the quasi-normal modes, grey-body factor and analogous Hawking radiation. We find that the signal of quasi-normal mode is weaker than that of Schwarzschild black hole. Moreover, as the tuning parameter increases, both the positive real part and negative imaginal part of the quasi-normal frequency approach to the horizonal axis, but they will not change sign. This means that all the perturbations could die off and the system is stable under those perturbations. Since the larger tuning parameter suppresses the effective potential barrier, so it enhances the grey-body factor. The energy emission rate of Hawking radiation does not monotonically increase of the tuning parameter because of the non-monotonicity of the Hawking temperature. Finally, as a first attempt, we study the acoustic black hole shadow. The radius of acoustic shadow becomes larger as the tuning parameter increases, because both the related acoustic horizon and the acoustic sphere become larger. Our studies could help us to further understand the near horizon geometrical features of the black hole. We also expect that our observations could be detected experimentally in the near future.
description: 19 pages,9 figures;published version
Variability in the stellar initial mass function at low and high mass: 3-component IMF models
Creators: name: Elmegreen, Bruce G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Three component models of the IMF are made to consider possible origins for the observed relative variations in the numbers of brown dwarfs, solar-to-intermediate mass stars, and high mass stars. Three distinct physical processes are noted. The characteristic mass for most star formation is identified with the thermal Jeans mass in the molecular cloud core, and this presumably leads to the middle mass range by the usual collapse and accretion processes. Pre-stellar condensations (PSCs) observed in mm-wave continuum studies presumably form at this mass. Significantly smaller self-gravitating masses require much larger pressures and may arise following dynamical processes inside these PSCs, including disk formation, tight-cluster ejection, and photoevaporation as studied elsewhere, but also gravitational collapse of shocked gas in colliding PSCs. Significantly larger stellar masses form in relatively low abundance by normal cloud processes, possibly leading to steep IMFs in low-pressure field regions, but this mass range can be significantly extended in high pressure cloud cores by gravitationally-focussed gas accretion onto PSCs and by the coalescence of PSCs. These models suggest that the observed variations in brown dwarf, solar-to-intermediate mass, and high mass populations are the result of dynamical effects that depend on environmental density and velocity dispersion. They accommodate observations ranging from shallow IMFs in cluster cores to Salpeter IMFs in average clusters and whole galaxies to steep and even steeper IMFs in field and remote field regions. They also suggest how the top-heavy IMFs in some starburst clusters may originate and they explain bottom-heavy IMFs in low surface brightness galaxies.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures, accepted by Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Enumerating extreme points of the polytopes of stochastic tensors: an optimization approac
Creators: name: Zhang, Fuzhen
name: Zhang, Xiao-Dong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 52B11

description: This paper is concerned with the extreme points of the polytopes of stochastic tensors. By a tensor we mean a multi-dimensional array over the real number field. A line-stochastic tensor is a nonnegative tensor in which the sum of all entries on each line (i.e., one free index) is equal to 1; a plane-stochastic tensor is a nonnegative tensor in which the sum of all entries on each plane (i.e., two free indices) is equal to 1. In enumerating extreme points of the polytopes of line- and plane-stochastic tensors of order 3 and dimension $n$, we consider the approach by linear optimization and present new lower and upper bounds. We also study the coefficient matrices that define the polytopes.
description: 12 pages
Reproductive performance of growth-enhanced transgenic coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch)
Creators: name: Bessey, Cindy
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The reproductive performance of growth-enhanced transgenic and nontransgenic coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) was examined to address concerns associated with using genetically modified fish in aquaculture. A major concern is the initial reproductive interaction between transgenic and wild fish that may occur if transgenic salmon escape into the natural environment. This thesis attempted to obtain an indication of reproductive allocation, effort and success for transgenic and nontransgenic salmon in a simulated natural environment. Several aspects of reproduction are examined for both transgenic and nontransgenic fish to provide an indication of gamete quantity and quality, courtship behaviour, spawning success, transgene transmission to offspring, and male competitive ability. Female and male body size, shape, and gonadal somatic index (GSI) provided a measure of phenotype and reproductive allocation. Female fecundity and egg diameter, as well as male sperm production, fertility and competition examined gamete quantity and quality. Female digging, probing, and covering, as well as male quivering examined courtship behaviour of ovulated females and ripe males paired together in spawning channels. Spawning success was recorded and fertilized eggs were collected and raised to alevin in order to examine offspring viability. Polymerase chain reactions were conducted on offspring blood samples to determine transgene transmission. Biting, chasing and spawning success of male pairs placed together with an ovulated female were analysed to determine male competitive interactions. Results from these studies found several differences between transgenic and nontransgenic fish. At maturation, transgenic males lacked red coloration and had a less developed kype compared to nontransgenic fish, but no differences in male gamete quantity or quality were observed. Transgenic females were more fecund than nontransgenic females, but may have inferior quality gametes due to reduced egg size. Transgenic females spawned less frequently and displayed consistently low levels of courtship behaviour. No courtship behaviour differences between transgenic and nontrangenic males were observed, however, during competition, transgenic males were inferior; obtaining no spawnings, and displaying less courtship and competitive behaviour. These studies are the first to show that in a simulated natural environment, growth enhanced transgenic coho salmon display courtship behaviour and can spawn producing viable transgenic offspring.
Cosmological Constraint on Vector Mediator of Neutrino-Electron Interaction in light of XENON1T Excess
Creators: name: Ibe, Masahiro
name: Kobayashi, Shin
name: Nakayama, Yuhei
name: Shirai, Satoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, the XENON1T collaboration reported an excess in the electron recoil energy spectrum. One of the simplest new physics interpretation is a new neutrino-electron interaction mediated by a light vector particle. However, for the parameter region favored by this excess, the constraints from the stellar cooling are severe. Still, there are astrophysical uncertainties on those constraints. In this paper, we discuss the constraint on the light mediator from the effective number of neutrino Neff in the CMB era, which provides an independent constraint. We show that Neff is significantly enhanced and exceeds the current constraint in the parameter region favored for the XENON1T excess. As a result, the interpretation by a light mediator heavier than about 1 eV is excluded by the Neff constraint.
description: 16 pages, 16 figures