cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Top-quark condensate at finite temperature and electroweak symmetry restoration
Creators: name: Zhou, Bang-Rong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The gap equation at finite temperature in the top-quark condensate scheme of electroweak symmetry breaking is proved to have the identical form in both the imaginary and the real time formalism of thermal field theory. By means of the gap equation, combined with the basic relation to define the vacuum expectation value $v$ of the effective Higgs field, we analyse the dependence on temperature T and chemical potential $μ$ of the dynamical top-quark mass as the order parameter characteristic of symmetry breaking, and obtain the $μ-T$ criticality curve for symmetry restoration. We find out that the critical temperature $T_{c}=2v$ for $μ=0$ and the critical chemical potential $μ_c=2πv/\sqrt{3}$ for T=0. When $μ=0$, the top-quark mass near $T_c$ has the leading ${(T_c^2-T^2)}^{1/2}$ behavior with an extra factor dependent on temperature $T$ and the momentum cut-off $Λ$. However, it is generally argued that the symmetry restoration at $T\geq T_c$ is still a second-order phase transition.
description: 12 pages, latex, 1 figure, Commun. Theor. Phys., to be published
Conceptualizing Energy Security
Creators: name: Winzer, Christian
Publisher: name: Faculty of Economics
Year: 2011
Subjects: Energy Security
Security of Supply
Measurement
Definition
Concept
Literature Review

description: Energy security is one of the main targets of energy policy. However, the term has not been clearly defined, which makes it hard to measure and difficult to balance against other policy objectives. We review the multitude of definitions of energy security. They can be characterized according to the sources of risk, the scope of the impacts, and the severity filters in the form of the speed, size, sustention, spread, singularity and sureness of impacts. Using a stylized case study for three European countries, we illustrate how the selection of conceptual boundaries along these dimensions determines the outcome. This can be avoided by more clearly separating between security of supply and other policy objectives. This leads us to the definition of energy security as the continuity of energy supplies relative to demand. If security is defined from the perspective of private utilities, end consumers or public servants, the concept could further be reduced to the continuity of specific commodity or service supplies, or the impact of supply discontinuities on the continuity of the economy.
Fine-Tuning Renormalization and Two-particle States in Nonrelativistic Four-fermion Model
Creators: name: Vall, A. N.
name: Korenblit, S. E.
name: Leviant, V. M.
name: Sinitskaya, A. V.
name: Tanaev, A. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Various exact solutions of two-particle eigenvalue problems for nonrelativistic contact four-fermion current-current interaction are obtained. Specifics of Goldstone mode is investigated. The connection between a renormalization procedure and construction of self-adjoint extensions is revealed.
description: 13 pages, LaTex, no figures, to be published in IJMPA
title: AN, Registre des écrous du Châtelet, Y5266, f. p1000735
Creators: name: Claustre, Julie
name: Nationales, Archives
name: Archives Nationales
name: Claustre, Julie
name: ArchivesNationales/J.CLAUSTRE/H.REGAZZI/2020
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Châtelet
subject: registre
subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: Registre des écrous du Châtelet, Archives Nationales, Y5266. Numérisation en mode image.
description: Bibliographic citation: Archives Nationales, Registre des écrous du Châtelet, Y5266, f. p1000735
Optimal post-selection inference for sparse signals: a nonparametric empirical-Bayes approach
Creators: name: Woody, Spencer
name: Padilla, Oscar Hernan Madrid
name: Scott, James G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Many recently developed Bayesian methods have focused on sparse signal detection. However, much less work has been done addressing the natural follow-up question: how to make valid inferences for the magnitude of those signals after selection. Ordinary Bayesian credible intervals suffer from selection bias, owing to the fact that the target of inference is chosen adaptively. Existing Bayesian approaches for correcting this bias produce credible intervals with poor frequentist properties, while existing frequentist approaches require sacrificing the benefits of shrinkage typical in Bayesian methods, resulting in confidence intervals that are needlessly wide. We address this gap by proposing a nonparametric empirical-Bayes approach for constructing optimal selection-adjusted confidence sets. Our method produces confidence sets that are as short as possible on average, while both adjusting for selection and maintaining exact frequentist coverage uniformly over the parameter space. Our main theoretical result establishes an important consistency property of our procedure: that under mild conditions, it asymptotically converges to the results of an oracle-Bayes analysis in which the prior distribution of signal sizes is known exactly. Across a series of examples, the method outperforms existing frequentist techniques for post-selection inference, producing confidence sets that are notably shorter but with the same coverage guarantee.
A sudden change of the global magnetic field of the active M dwarf AD Leo revealed by full Stokes spectropolarimetric observations
Creators: name: Lavail, Alexis
name: Kochukhov, Oleg
name: Wade, Gregg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we present an analysis of the first high-resolution full Stokes vector spectropolarimetric observations of the active M dwarf AD Leo. Based on observations collected in 2016 with the ESPaDOnS instrument at CFHT, we derived the least-squares deconvolved Stokes profiles and detected linear polarisation signatures in spectral lines. At the same time, we discovered that the circular polarisation profiles corresponding to our data set are significantly weaker compared to all archival spectra of AD Leo, which exhibited approximately constant profiles over the timescale of at least 6 years until 2012. Magnetic maps obtained using Zeeman Doppler imaging confirm the sudden change in the surface magnetic field. Although the total magnetic field energy decreased by about 20% between 2012 and 2016, the field component responsible for the observed circular polarisation signatures corresponds to a stronger field occupying a smaller fraction of the stellar surface in the more recent map. These results represent the first evidence that active M dwarfs with dipole-dominated axisymmetric field topologies can undergo a long-term global magnetic variation.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures, Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Properties of Electricity Prices and the Drivers of Interconnector Revenue
Creators: name: Parail, Vladimir
Publisher: name: Faculty of Economics
Year: 2010
Subjects: merchant interconnectors
electricity prices
simulation
bootstrapping
price volatility

description: This paper examines the drivers behind revenues of merchant electricity interconnectors and the effect of arbitrage trading over interconnectors on the level and volatility of electricity prices in the connected markets. It sets out a simulation methodology that allows the stochastic and deterministic properties of prices, as well as most model parameters, to be varied freely. The effect of electricity flows over interconnectors on prices and thus on interconnector revenues is modelled explicitly by a mathematical algorithm. It is found that arbitrage can reduce the volatility and to some extent the mean of electricity prices in both markets when two markets with a similar distribution of prices are connected. It is also found that it is possible for interconnectors to generate considerable revenues without any consistent price differences between the connected markets. This shows that interconnectors between seemingly very similar electricity markets can be an attractive proposition for a profit-seeking investor.
Pontoscolex (Pontoscolex) corethrurus
Creators: name: Álvarez-Abreu, Oniel
name: Carrera-Martínez, Roberto
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Annelida
Clitellata
Crassiclitellata
Rhinodrilidae
Pontoscolex
Pontoscolex corethrurus

description: 21. Pontoscolex (Pontoscolex) corethrurus (Müller, 1857)
Pontoscolex corethrurus (Müller, 1856) — Michaelsen 1908: 29–31. Michaelsen 1909: 6. Gates 1942: 100. Gates 1954: 219– 223. Gates 1972: 54–58. Reynolds & Reynolds 2001: 17, 18, 19. Reynolds & Reynolds 2004a: 15, 16. Rodríguez et al. 2007: 97 (table). Reynolds & Reynolds 2007: 19, 20.
Pontoscolex (Pontoscolex) corethrurus (Müller, 1857) — Borges 1988: 136–148. Fragoso & Brown 2007: 57 (table).
For a full synonym list see James et al. (2019).
Distribution. Haiti (Michaelsen 1909; Gates 1942; Gates 1972; Gates 1982, cited in Reynolds & Reynolds 2001; Borges 1988; Reynolds & Reynolds 2001; Fragoso & Brown 2007; Rodríguez et al. 2007); HT, Nord Department, Cap-Haïtien Arrondissement, Cap-Haïtien (Site 2, Fig. 1) (Michaelsen 1908); HT, Ouest Department, Port-au-Prince Arrondissement, Port-au-Prince (Site 1, Fig. 1) (Michaelsen 1908); HT, Nord-Ouest Department, MôleSaint-Nicolas Arrondissement, Jean-Rabel (Site 19, Fig. 1) (Gates 1954); HT, Nord-Ouest Department, Port-de-Paix Arrondissement, Port-de-Paix (Site 20, Fig.1) (Gates 1954); HT, Artibonite Department, Marmelade Arrondissement, Saint-Michel-de-l'Atalaye (Site 12, Fig. 1) (Gates 1954). Dominican Republic (Gates 1982, cited in Reynolds & Reynolds 2001; Reynolds & Reynolds 2001; Reynolds & Reynolds 2004a; Fragoso & Brown 2007; Rodríguez et al. 2007); DO, Samaná Bay (Michaelsen 1908); DO, Santo Domingo Province (Michaelsen 1908; Gates 1942); DO, Puerto Plata Province, Montellano Municipality, 8 km west of Sosúa (Site 16, Fig. 1) (Reynolds & Reynolds 2001); DO, Puerto Plata Province, Luperón Municipality, Luperón Beach Resort (Site 13, Fig. 1) (Reynolds & Reynolds 2004a); DO, Espaillat Province, Gaspar Hernández Municipality, Bahia Principe Grand San Juan (Site 14, Fig. 1) (Reynolds & Reynolds 2007).
description: Published as part of Álvarez-Abreu, Oniel & Carrera-Martínez, Roberto, 2025, Annotated checklist of the earthworms (Annelida: Clitellata: Oligochaeta) from Hispaniola: a brief review and remarks, pp. 346-362 in Zootaxa 5589 (1) on page 357, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5589.1.27, http://zenodo.org/record/14897132
Stochastic Equilibrium Models for Generation Capacity Expansion
Creators: name: Ehrenmann, Andreas
name: Smeers, Yves
Publisher: name: Faculty of Economics
Year: 2010
Subjects: Duration models
capacity adequacy
risk functions
stochastic equilibrium models
stochastic discount factors

description: Capacity expansion models in the power sector were among the first applications of operations research to the industry. We introduce stochastic equilibrium versions of these models that we believe provide a relevant context for looking at the current very risky market where the power industry invests and operates. We then look at the insertion of risk related investment practices that developed with the new environment and may not be easy to accommodate in an optimization context. Specifically we consider the use of plant specific discount rates that we derive by including stochastic discount rates in the equilibrium model. Linear discount factors only price systematic risk. We therefore complete the discussion by inserting different risk functions (for different agents) in order to account for additional unpriced idiosyncratic risk in investments. These different models can be cast in a single mathematical representation but they do not have the same mathematical properties. We illustrate the impact of these phenomena on a small but realistic example.
Additional file 2: of Classification, substrate specificity and structural features of D-2-hydroxyacid dehydrogenases: 2HADH knowledgebase
Creators: name: Matelska, Dorota
name: Shabalin, Ivan
name: JabĹOĹSka, Jagoda
name: Domagalski, Marcin
name: Kutner, Jan
name: Ginalski, Krzysztof
name: Wladek Minor
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Figure S1. Maximum-likelihood evolutionary tree of the 2HADH family. The branch labels correspond to UniProt accessions of proteins with studied substrate specificities (orange dots), known crystal structures (green dots), or both (red dots). The scale bar represents the number of estimated changes per position. A crystal structure of GHRC from Desulfovibrio vulgaris (PDB ID: 5tx7) was solved after the analysis was performed, and is not shown in the figure. (PDF 56 kb)
Comment on the possible electron neutrino excess in the Super-Kamiokande atmospheric neutrino experiment
Creators: name: Kim, C. W.
name: Lee, U. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the implications of a possible excess of the electron neutrino events in the Super-Kamiokande atmospheric neutrino experiment. The excess, if real, leads to constraints on the $ν_μ\leftrightarrow ν_e$, $ν_μ\leftrightarrow ν_τ$ and $ν_e \leftrightarrow ν_τ$ oscillation parameters. Specifically, the excess impies that $ν_e - ν_μ$ and $ν_μ- ν_τ$ mixings are large and $ν_e - ν_τ$ mixing is small. We show that the electron neutrino excess favors the large mixing angle MSW solution of the solar neutrino problem.
description: 8 pages, REVTEX, a revised version with more references and minor modifications
The inside-out planetary nebula around a born-again star
Creators: name: Guerrero, Martin A.
name: Fang, Xuan
name: Bertolami, Marcelo M. Miller
name: Ramos-Larios, Gerardo
name: Todt, Helge
name: Alarie, Alexandre
name: Sabin, Laurence
name: Miranda, Luis F.
name: Morisset, Christophe
name: Kehrig, Carolina
name: Zavala, Saul A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Planetary nebulae are ionized clouds of gas formed by the hydrogen-rich envelopes of low- and intermediate-mass stars ejected at late evolutionary stages. The strong UV flux from their central stars causes a highly stratified ionization structure, with species of higher ionization potential closer to the star. Here we report on the exceptional case of HuBi 1, a double-shell planetary nebula whose inner shell presents emission from low-ionization species close to the star and emission from high-ionization species farther away. Spectral analysis demonstrates that the inner shell of HuBi 1 is excited by shocks, whereas its outer shell is recombining. The anomalous excitation of these shells can be traced to its low-temperature [WC10] central star whose optical brightness has declined continuously by 10 magnitudes in a period of 46 years. Evolutionary models reveal that this star is the descendent of a low-mass star ($\simeq$1.1 $M_\odot$) that has experienced a born-again event whose ejecta shock-excite the inner shell. HuBi 1 represents the missing link in the formation of metal-rich central stars of planetary nebulae from low-mass progenitors, offering unique insight regarding the future evolution of the born-again Sakurai's object. Coming from a solar-mass progenitor, HuBi 1 represents a potential end-state for our Sun.
description: 21 pages, 3 figures, 6 supplementary figures, 1 supplementary table, published in Nature Astronomy
Flavor asymmetry in polarized proton-deuteron Drell-Yan process
Creators: name: Kumano, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the possibility of finding polarized antiquark flavor asymmetry in Drell-Yan processes. We find that the difference between polarized proton-proton and proton-deuteron Drell-Yan cross sections should provide valuable information on the polarized flavor asymmetry. Numerical results indicate that the asymmetry effects are conspicuous especially in the large-x_F region. Our analysis is important for the transversity distributions because the flavor asymmetry cannot be found by inclusive lepton scattering and W-production processes.
description: 1+6 pages LATEX, sprocl.sty, amsmath.sty, epsfig.sty, wrapfig.sty, 2 eps figures. Talk at the RCNP-TMU Symposium on "Spins in Nuclear and Hadronic Reactions", Tokyo, Japan, Oct.26-28, 1999, to be published in proceedings. Complete postscript file is available at http://www-hs.phys.saga-u.ac.jp Email: kumanos@cc.saga-u.ac.jp
Additional file 9 of Gene silencing, knockout and over-expression of a transcription factor ABORTED MICROSPORES (SlAMS) strongly affects pollen viability in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum)
Creators: name: Bao, Huihui
name: Ding, Yumei
name: Yang, Fei
name: Zhang, Jie
name: Xie, Junjun
name: Zhao, Chongyan
name: Du, Kanghua
name: Zeng, Yawen
name: Zhao, Kai
name: Li, Zuosen
name: Yang, Zhengan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 9: Fig. S9. The map of pTRV2 vector used for the virus induced gene silencing (VIGS) of the tomato SlAMS gene.
Efficiency Effects of Quality of Service and Environmental Factors: Experience from Norwegian Electricity Distribution
Creators: name: Growitsch, Christian
name: Jamasb, Tooraj
name: Wetzel, Heike
Publisher: name: Faculty of Economics
Year: 2010
Subjects: Efficiency
Quality of service
Input distance function
Stochastic frontier analysis

description: Since the 1990s, efficiency and benchmarking analysis has increasingly been used in network utilities research and regulation. A recurrent concern is the effect of environmental factors that are beyond the influence of firms (observable heterogeneity) and factors that are not identifiable (unobserved heterogeneity) on measured cost and quality performance of firms. This paper analyses the effect of geographic and weather factors and unobserved heterogeneity on a set of 128 Norwegian electricity distribution utilities for the 2001-2004 period. We utilize data on almost 100 geographic and weather variables to identify real economic inefficiency while controlling for observable and unobserved heterogeneity. We use the factor analysis technique to reduce the number of environmental factors into few composite variables and to avoid the problem of multi-collinearity. We then estimate the established stochastic frontier models of Battese and Coelli (1992; 1995) and the recent true fixed effects models of Greene (2004; 2005) without and with environmental variables. In the former models some composite environmental variables have a significant effect on the performance of utilities. These effects vanish in the true fixed effects models. However, the latter models capture the entire unobserved heterogeneity and therefore show significantly higher average efficiency scores.
The Economics of Energy (and Electricity) Demand
Creators: name: Platchkov, Laura M.
name: Pollitt, Michael G.
Publisher: name: Faculty of Economics
Year: 2011
Subjects: energy demand
electricity demand
macroeconomics of energy
energy services
energy prices
energy expenditures

description: Economic drivers, technologies and demand side management are keys in understanding the long-term trends of both energy and more specifically electricity consumption. This paper discusses some of the important economics foundations of energy demand in general, and electricity in particular. First, we look at the macro-economic context of energy. This reveals how energy and electricity consumption are subject to the same drivers - income and price - over long periods. However, energy demand (and carbon emissions) falls and energy prices rises in one country may have little effect at the world level. Next, we examine the features of energy service expenditures. Despite similarities over time, specific sectors are distinct from one another in terms of consumption profiles, and new sources of electricity demand may substantially change total demand and the way it is consumed. This leads us to a closer look at the micro-economic context of energy demand, and the tension between technically possible energy savings one one side, and the economics and behavioural dimensions on the other side. We conclude by highlighting the various unknowns and uncertainties that characterise the future of energy demand.
New lower bound for the Hilbert number in piecewise quadratic differential systems
Creators: name: da Cruz, Leonardo P. C.
name: Novaes, Douglas D.
name: Torregrosa, Joan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37G15, 37C27, 37G10, 34C07

description: We study the number of limit cycles bifurcating from a piecewise quadratic system. All the differential systems considered are piecewise in two zones separated by a straight line. We prove the existence of 16 crossing limit cycles in this class of systems. If we denote by $H_p(n)$ the extension of the Hilbert number to degree $n$ piecewise polynomial differential systems, then $H_p(2)\geq 16.$ As fas as we are concerned, this is the best lower bound for the quadratic class. Moreover, all the limit cycles appear in one nest bifurcating from the period annulus of some isochronous quadratic centers.
Additional file 2: of Guiding intensive care physiciansâ communication and behavior towards bereaved relatives: study protocol for a cluster randomized controlled trial (COSMIC-EOL)
Creators: name: Kentish-Barnes, Nancy
name: Chevret, Sylvie
name: Azoulay, Elie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: SPIRIT 2013 Checklist: Recommended items to address in a clinical trial protocol and related documents. (DOC 121 kb)
Quasi exactly solvable matrix models in sl(n)
Creators: name: Brihaye, Yves
name: Kosinski, Piotr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We reconsider the quasi exactly solvable matrix models constructed recently by R. Zhdanov. The 2$\times$2 matrix operators representing the algebra sl(2) are generalized to matrices of arbitrary dimension and a similar construction is achieved for the algebra sl(n).
description: LaTeX, 8 pages
The Size of the EU Public Domain
Creators: name: Pollock, Rufus
name: Stepan, Paul
Publisher: name: Faculty of Economics
Year: 2010
Subjects: Copyright
Public Domain
Intellectual Property
Europe

description: This paper reports results from a large recent study of the public domain in the European Union. Based on a combination of catalogue and survey data our figures for the number of items (and works) in the public domain extend across a variety of media and provide one of the first quantitative estimates of the `size' of the public domain in any jurisdiction.
Eutrigaster (Graffiona) reichardti
Creators: name: Álvarez-Abreu, Oniel
name: Carrera-Martínez, Roberto
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Annelida
Clitellata
Crassiclitellata
Octochaetidae
Eutrigaster
Eutrigaster reichardti

description: 22. Eutrigaster (Graffiona) reichardti (Michaelsen, 1908)
Eutrigaster reichardti (Michaelsen, 1908) — Rodríguez et al. 2007: 95 (table).
Eutrigaster (Graffia) reichardti (Michaelsen, 1908) — Fragoso et al. 1995: 113 (table). Fragoso & Brown 2007: 66 (table).
Distribution. Haiti (Fragoso et al. 1995; Fragoso & Brown 2007; Rodríguez et al. 2007).
Remarks. The occurrence of this species on Hispaniola seems to be uncertain. The reference given by Fragoso et al. (1995), that reports it on the island, corresponds to Michaelsen (1935); nevertheless, Michaelsen did not state that this species is present in Haiti. Therefore, a revision and proper record of the species in Haiti is needed to corroborate its presence on Hispaniola.
description: Published as part of Álvarez-Abreu, Oniel & Carrera-Martínez, Roberto, 2025, Annotated checklist of the earthworms (Annelida: Clitellata: Oligochaeta) from Hispaniola: a brief review and remarks, pp. 346-362 in Zootaxa 5589 (1) on page 357, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5589.1.27, http://zenodo.org/record/14897132
Differential geometry of invariant surfaces in simply isotropic and pseudo-isotropic spaces
Creators: name: da Silva, Luiz C. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53A10, 53A35, 53A40

description: We study invariant surfaces generated by one-parameter subgroups of simply and pseudo isotropic rigid motions. Basically, the simply and pseudo isotropic geometries are the study of a three-dimensional space equipped with a rank 2 metric of index zero and one, respectively. We show that the one-parameter subgroups of isotropic rigid motions lead to seven types of invariant surfaces, which then generalizes the study of revolution and helicoidal surfaces in Euclidean and Lorentzian spaces to the context of singular metrics. After computing the two fundamental forms of these surfaces and their Gaussian and mean curvatures, we solve the corresponding problem of prescribed curvature for invariant surfaces whose generating curves lie on a plane containing the degenerated direction.
description: 38 figures. Keywords: Simply isotropic space, pseudo-isotropic space, singular metric, invariant surface, prescribed Gaussian curvature, prescribed mean curvature
Interplay of Polarization and Time-Reversal Symmetry Breaking in Synchronously Pumped Ring Resonators
Creators: name: Copie, Francois
name: Woodley, Michael T. M.
name: Del Bino, Leonardo
name: Silver, Jonathan M.
name: Zhang, Shuangyou
name: Del'Haye, Pascal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Optically induced breaking of symmetries plays an important role in nonlinear photonics, with applications ranging from optical switching in integrated photonic circuits to soliton generation in ring lasers. In this work we study for the first time the interplay of two types of spontaneous symmetry breaking that can occur simultaneously in optical ring resonators. Specifically we investigate a ring resonator (e.g. a fiber loop resonator or whispering gallery microresonator) that is synchronously pumped with short pulses of light. In this system we numerically study the interplay and transition between regimes of temporal symmetry breaking (in which pulses in the resonator either run ahead or behind the seed pulses) and polarization symmetry breaking (in which the resonator spontaneously generates elliptically polarized light out of linearly polarized seed pulses). We find ranges of pump parameters for which each symmetry breaking can be independently observed, but also a regime in which a dynamical interplay takes place. Besides the fundamentally interesting physics of the interplay of different types of symmetry breaking, our work contributes to a better understanding of the nonlinear dynamics of optical ring cavities which are of interest for future applications including all-optical logic gates, synchronously pumped optical frequency comb generation, and resonator-based sensor technologies.
CMOS Monolithic Pixel Sensors based on the Column-Drain Architecture for the HL-LHC Upgrade
Creators: name: Moustakas, K.
name: Barbero, M.
name: Berdalovic, I.
name: Bespin, C.
name: Breugnon, P.
name: Caicedo, I.
name: Cardella, R.
name: Degerli, Y.
name: Plaja, N. Egidos
name: Godiot, S.
name: Guilloux, F.
name: Hemperek, T.
name: Hirono, T.
name: Krueger, H.
name: Kugathasan, T.
name: Tobon, C. A. Marin
name: Pangaud, P.
name: Pernegger, H.
name: Schioppa, E. J.
name: Snoeys, W.
name: Vandenbroucke, M.
name: Wang, T.
name: Wermes, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Depleted Monolithic Active Pixel Sensors (DMAPS) constitute a promising low cost alternative for the outer layers of the ATLAS experiment Inner Tracker (ITk). Realizations in modern, high resistivity CMOS technologies enhance their radiation tolerance by achieving substantial depletion of the sensing volume. Two DMAPS prototypes that use the same "column-drain" readout architecture and are based on different sensor implementation concepts named LF-Monopix and TJ-Monopix have been developed for the High Luminosity upgrade of the Large Hardon Collider (HL-LHC). LF-Monopix was fabricated in the LFoundry 150 nm technology and features pixel size of $50x250~μm^{2}$ and large collection electrode opted for high radiation tolerance. Detection efficiency up to 99\% has been measured after irradiation to $1\cdot10^{15}~n_{eq}/cm^{2}$. TJ-Monopix is a large scale $(1x2~cm^{2})$ prototype featuring pixels of $36x40~μm^{2}$ size. It was fabricated in a novel TowerJazz 180 nm modified process that enables full depletion of the sensitive layer, while employing a small collection electrode that is less sensitive to crosstalk. The resulting small sensor capacitance ($<=3~fF$) is exploited by a compact, low power front end optimized to meet the 25ns timing requirement. Measurement results demonstrate the sensor performance in terms of Equivalent Noise Charge (ENC) $\approx11e^{-}$, threshold $\approx300~e^-$, threshold dispersion $\approx30~e^-$ and total power consumption lower than $120~mW/cm^2$.
Drell-Yan proton-deuteron asymmetry and polarized light-antiquark distributions
Creators: name: Miyama, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the Drell-Yan proton-deuteron (p-d) asymmetry R_{pd}, which is defined by the proton-proton and proton-deuteron cross-section ratio Δ_{(T)}σ^{pd}/2Δ_{(T)}σ^{pp}, and its relation to the polarized light-antiquark flavor asymmetry. Using a formalism of the polarized {\it pd} Drell-Yan process, we show that the R_{pd} especially in the large-x_F region is very useful for finding the flavor asymmetry in the longitudinally-polarized and transversity distributions. Our results are particularly important to study the flavor asymmetry in the transversity distributions because they cannot be measured by inclusive deep inelastic scattering and W-production process.
description: 1+8 pages, LATEX, ptptex.sty, ptp-text.sty, epsf.sty, 4 eps figures. Talk given at the Circum-Pan-Pacific RIKEN Symposium on "High Energy Spin Physics", RIKEN, Wako, Japan, Nov. 3-6, 1999, to be published in proceedings. Complete postscript file including the figures is available at http://www-hs.phys.saga-u.ac.jp . Email: miyama@cc.saga-u.ac.jp
Additional file 1: of Classification, substrate specificity and structural features of D-2-hydroxyacid dehydrogenases: 2HADH knowledgebase
Creators: name: Matelska, Dorota
name: Shabalin, Ivan
name: JabĹOĹSka, Jagoda
name: Domagalski, Marcin
name: Kutner, Jan
name: Ginalski, Krzysztof
name: Wladek Minor
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Marine Biology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Supplementary Results. Horizontal gene transfer from bacteria to plants. (PDF 28 kb)
A generalized Holling type II model for the interaction between dextral-sinistral snails and Pareas snakes
Creators: name: Alonso-Izquierdo, A.
name: Leon, M. A. Gonzalez
name: Mayado, M. de la Torre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Pareatic snakes possess outstanding asymmetry in the mandibular tooth number, which has probably been caused by its evolution to improve the feeding on the predominant dextral snails. Gene mutation can generate chiral inversion on the snail body. A sinistral snail population can thrive in this ecological context. The interactions between dextral/sinistral snails and Pareas snakes are modeled in this paper by using a new generalized functional response of Holling type II. Distinct Pareas species show different bilateral asymmetry degrees. This parameter plays an essential role in our model and determines the evolution of the populations. Stability of the solutions is also analyzed for different regimes in the space of parameters.
description: 27 pages, 7 figures
The Mu and Tau Number of Supernovae
Creators: name: Horowitz, C. J.
name: Li, Gang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The neutrino-nucleon cross section is slightly larger than that for $\barν-N$. Therefore, $\barν$ will escape more quickly from core collapse supernovae leaving the star $ν$ rich. A diffusion formalism is used to calculate the time evolution of the mu and tau lepton number densities. These quickly reach steady state equilibria. We estimate that a protoneutron star with a maximum temperature near 50 MeV will contain over 50 % more $ν_μ$ and $ν_τ$ than $\barν_μ$ and $\barν_τ$. Supernovae may be the only known systems with large mu and or tau lepton numbers.
description: 5 pages, one ps figure, submitted to Phys. Let. B
Universal Relativity: A New Framework Centered on Pure Time
Creators: name: Allou, Essam
name: Valamontes Center For Scientific Publication
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Physics
subject: Mathematical physics
subject: Quantum physics
subject: Theoretical physics
subject: Astronomy
subject: Physical cosmology
subject: Planck area
subject: Universal Relativity
subject: Pure Time
subject: Time as a Fundamental Law
subject: Temporal Gradients
subject: Dark Matter Alternatives
subject: Gravitational Waves
subject: Energy of the Vacuum

description: This document presents Universal Relativity, a pioneering framework that posits Pure Time as the fundamental law underpinning the universe. It reinterprets space, dimensions, and forces as emergent properties of temporal dynamics, providing a unified explanation for both cosmological and quantum phenomena. The theory suggests that during the Planck era, the universe existed solely as Pure Time, with spatial dimensions and forces arising later as manifestations of temporal fluctuations.

By offering innovative perspectives on cosmic expansion, galactic rotation curves, and quantum fluctuations, Universal Relativity seeks to eliminate the reliance on constructs such as dark matter and dark energy. Testable predictions include the role of temporal gradients in gravitational phenomena, measurable deviations in atomic clock rates, and unique gravitational wave signatures. This work invites academic exploration, laying the groundwork for future theoretical and experimental advancements.

This research is also available on ResearchGate for further discussion and visibility:  (PDF) Universal Relativity: A New Framework Centered on Pure Time
Additional file 16 of Gene silencing, knockout and over-expression of a transcription factor ABORTED MICROSPORES (SlAMS) strongly affects pollen viability in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum)
Creators: name: Bao, Huihui
name: Ding, Yumei
name: Yang, Fei
name: Zhang, Jie
name: Xie, Junjun
name: Zhao, Chongyan
name: Du, Kanghua
name: Zeng, Yawen
name: Zhao, Kai
name: Li, Zuosen
name: Yang, Zhengan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 16.
The Economics of the Nord Stream Pipeline System
Creators: name: Chyong, Chi Kong
name: Noël, Pierre
name: Reiner, David M.
Publisher: name: Faculty of Economics
Year: 2010
Subjects: Nord Stream
Russia
Europe
Ukraine
Natural gas
Pipeline
Gazprom

description: We calculate the total cost of building Nord Stream and compare its levelised unit transportation cost with the existing options to transport Russian gas to western Europe. We find that the unit cost of shipping through Nord Stream is clearly lower than using the Ukrainian route and is only slightly above shipping through the Yamal-Europe pipeline. Using a large-scale gas simulation model we find a positive economic value for Nord Stream under various scenarios of demand for Russian gas in Europe. We disaggregate the value of Nord Stream into project economics (cost advantage), strategic value (impact on Ukraine’s transit fee) and security of supply value (insurance against disruption of the Ukrainian transit corridor). The economic fundamentals account for the bulk of Nord Stream’s positive value in all our scenarios.
New Models of Public Ownership in Energy
Creators: name: Haney, Aoife Brophy
name: Pollitt, Michael G.
Publisher: name: Faculty of Economics
Year: 2010
Subjects: public ownership
electricity
gas

description: This paper discusses some of the new and continuing ways in which the public sector is involved in the electricity / energy sector around the world. This involvement continues to be significant in spite of the longrunning trend towards privatisation, competition and independent regulation in the energy sector. We discuss why the theoretical case for public ownership might be more attractive now than in the recent past. We then discuss six case studies of modern public ownership drawn from the UK (Great Britain and Northern Ireland), Denmark, New Zealand, Finland and Chile. The investments covered include wind and nuclear power, LNG facilities, electricity and gas distribution investments and energy service companies for combined heat and power. We conclude with some outstanding questions raised by the apparently favourable conditions for increased public involvement in energy.
Photoproduction of heavy quarks at HERA
Creators: name: Ridolfi, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Present status and prospects of heavy quark photoproduction studies at HERA are reviewed.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures, LaTex with epsfig. Invited talk at the 3rd UK Phenomenology Workshop on HERA Physics, Durham (UK), September 1998
Novel Multimaterial Hybrid Joining Process for CFRP-Metal Structures in Aviation Industry
Creators: name: De Zanet, Alessandro
name: Varetti, Sara
name: Pappa, Evanthia
name: Annicchiarico, Ciro
name: Ricciardi, Alfredo
name: Pagone, Marco
name: Gallo, Nicola
name: Abhishek, Kumar
name: De Pasquale, Giorgio
Publisher: name: Composite Materials Group, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering and Aeronautics, University of Patras, Greece
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Additive manufacturing
subject: Joints
subject: CFRP
subject: AlSi10Mg

description: Rapid fire presentation from the 10th International Conference on Structural Analysis of Advanced Materials, Zakynthos (Greece), 10-14 September 2023.
Additional file 5: of Optimising informed consent for participants in a randomised controlled trial in rural Uganda: a comparative prospective cohort mixed-methods study
Creators: name: J. Ditai
name: J. Kanyago
name: M. Nambozo
name: N. Odeke
name: J. Abeso
name: J. Dusabe-Richards
name: P. Olupot-Olupot
name: E. Carrol
name: A. Medina-Lara
name: M. Gladstone
name: J. Storr
name: B. Faragher
name: A. Weeks
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Data collection tool: Optimal Informed Consent in the BabyGel pilot Cluster Randomised Trial. (DOCX 123 kb)
Fragment properties from large-scale asteroid collisions: I: Results from SPH/N-body simulations using porous parent bodies and improved material models
Creators: name: Jutzi, Martin
name: Michel, Patrick
name: Richardson, Derek C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Understanding the collisional fragmentation and subsequent reaccumulation of fragments is crucial for studies of the formation and evolution of the small-body populations. Using an SPH / N-body approach, we investigate the size-frequency distributions (SFDs) resulting from the disruption of 100 km-diameter targets consisting of porous material, including the effects of pore-crushing as well as friction. Overall, the porous targets have a significantly higher impact strength (Q*D) than the rubble-pile parent bodies investigated previously (Benavidez et al., 2012) and show a behavior more similar to non-porous monolithic targets (Durda et al., 2007). Our results also confirm that for a given specific impact energy, the SFDs resulting from a parent body disruption are strongly dependent on the size scale.
description: 26 pages, 12 figures; accepted for publication in Icarus
The Effect of CO2 Pricing on Conventional and Non- Conventional Oil Supply and Demand
Creators: name: Méjean, Aurélie
name: Hope, Chris
Publisher: name: Faculty of Economics
Year: 2010
Subjects: Oil supply and demand
Conventional and non-conventional oil
CO2 pricing
Social cost of CO2

description: What would be the effect of CO2 pricing on global oil supply and demand? This paper introduces a model describing the interaction between conventional and non-conventional oil supply in a Hotelling framework and under CO2 constraints. The model assumes that nonconventional crude oil enters the market when conventional oil supply alone is unable to meet demand, and the social cost of CO2 is included in the calculation of the oil rent at that time. The results reveal the effect of a CO2 tax set at the social cost of CO2 on oil price and demand and the uncertainty associated with the time when conventional oil production might become unable to meet demand. The results show that a tax on CO2 emissions associated with fuel use would reduce oil demand despite the effect of lower future rents, and would delay the time when conventional oil supply is unable to satisfy demand. More precisely, between 81 and 99% of the CO2 tax is carried into the oil price despite the counter-balancing effect of the reduced rent. A CO2 tax on fuel use set at the social cost of CO2 would delay by 25 years the time when conventional oil production is unable to meet oil demand, from 2019 to 2044 (mean value). The results show that this date is very sensitive to the price elasticity of demand and the demand growth rate, which shows the great potential of demand-side measures to smooth the transition towards low-carbon liquid fuel alternatives.
Critical Behavior of the 3d Random Field Ising Model: Two-Exponent Scaling or First Order Phase Transition?
Creators: name: Rieger, Heiko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In extensive Monte Carlo simulations the phase transition of the random field Ising model in three dimensions is investigated. The values of the critical exponents are determined via finite size scaling. For a Gaussian distribution of the random fields it is found that the correlation length $ξ$ diverges with an exponent $ν=1.1\pm0.2$ at the critical temperature and that $χ\simξ^{2-η}$ with $η=0.50\pm0.05$ for the connected susceptibility and $χ_{\rm dis}\simξ^{4-\barη}$ with $\barη=1.03\pm0.05$ for the disconnected susceptibility. Together with the amplitude ratio $A=\lim_{T\to T_c}χ_{\rm dis}/χ^2(h_r/T)^2$ being close to one this gives further support for a two exponent scaling scenario implying $\barη=2η$. The magnetization behaves discontinuously at the transition, i.e. $β=0$, indicating a first order transition. However, no divergence for the specific heat and in particular no latent heat is found. Also the probability distribution of the magnetization does not show a multi-peak structure that is characteristic for the phase-coexistence at first order phase transition points.
description: 14 pages, RevTeX, 11 postscript figures (fig9.ps and fig11.ps should be printed separately)
Additional file 1: of Guiding intensive care physiciansâ communication and behavior towards bereaved relatives: study protocol for a cluster randomized controlled trial (COSMIC-EOL)
Creators: name: Kentish-Barnes, Nancy
name: Chevret, Sylvie
name: Azoulay, Elie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: List of centers participating in the COSMIC-EOL trial. (DOCX 20 kb)
Self-assembly of simple Schiff base ligand into unique saddle-type [4x4] tetranuclear architecture and its application as selective voltammetric dopamine sensor in aqueous conditions
Creators: name: Nowicka, Daria
name: Kubicki, Maciej
name: Patroniak, Violetta
name: Łuczak, Teresa
name: Gorczyński, Adam
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Dopamine, a crucial catecholamine neurotransmitter, plays essential roles in the operation of the central nervous system in humans. Disrupted dopamine release is associated with neurological disorders and depression, therefore monitoring of dopamine levels is imperative for preliminary disease detection. Development of sensitive and selective sensors for neurotransmitters that function under aqueous conditions is however still challenging, mostly due to the complexity of hybrid nanomaterials that are interacting with the electrode. Here we provide a coordination compound constructed from simple substrates, where subcomponent self-assembly leads to a unique, discrete [4x4] saddle-type complex [Cu4(L-H)4(BF4)2(MeOH)2](BF4)2, which was characterized by ESI-MS and FT-IR techniques, including single crystal X-ray diffraction. The Cu4L4 complex was subsequently used for modification of the bare Au electrode based on its accumulation on the electrode surface. The new voltammetric sensor (Au/complex) was applied for dopamine detection alone and in the presence of interfering ascorbic acid by using the Differential Pulse Voltammetry (DPV) techniques under aqueous conditions. In the linear dynamic range (LDR) range from 0.0001 mM to 0.75 mM the dependence of the peak current on dopamine concentration satisfied the following linear regression equation: ip [mA] = 17∙10-2 cDA [mM] + 8∙10-2 (R2 =0.998). Moreover, the excellent limit of dopamine detection (LOD) and the limit of its quantification (LOQ) were established at the level of 5.4 nM and 18.0 nM with accomplished high sensitivity 0.17 A M-1, repeatability as well as reproducibility. Clear separation of the voltammetric signal of dopamine from this one of ascorbic acid, even in the presence of a 100-fold excess of interfering ions found in water, consequently proves that the new prepared sensor can be used as an excellent analytical tool for selective detection of dopamine and ascorbic acid coexisting in the tested samples.
description: This work was supported by the National Science Centre, Poland (grant numbers UMO-2022/45/N/ST4/00632, UMO-2020/39/D/ST4/01182). We express gratitude to Dr. Aleksandra Bocian for help in synthesis of ligand and the complex.