cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Evaporation of charged bosonic condensate in cosmology
Creators: name: Dolgov, A. D.
name: Urban, F. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cosmological evolution of equilibrium plasma with a condensate of U(1)-charged bosonic field is considered. It is shown that the evaporation of the condensate is very much different from naive expectations, discussed in the literature, as well as from evaporation of non-equilibrium neutral condensate. The charged condensate evaporates much slower than the decay of the corresponding bosons. The evaporation rate is close to that of the cosmological expansion. The plasma temperature, in contrast, drops much faster than usually, namely as the third power of the cosmological scale factor. As a result the universe becomes very cold and the cosmological charge asymmetry reaches a huge value.
description: 18 pages, 9 figures
Analyzing Student Strategies In Blended Courses Using Clickstream Data
Creators: name: Akpinar, Nil-Jana
name: Ramdas, Aaditya
name: Acar, Umut
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Educational software data promises unique insights into students' study behaviors and drivers of success. While much work has been dedicated to performance prediction in massive open online courses, it is unclear if the same methods can be applied to blended courses and a deeper understanding of student strategies is often missing. We use pattern mining and models borrowed from Natural Language Processing (NLP) to understand student interactions and extract frequent strategies from a blended college course. Fine-grained clickstream data is collected through Diderot, a non-commercial educational support system that spans a wide range of functionalities. We find that interaction patterns differ considerably based on the assessment type students are preparing for, and many of the extracted features can be used for reliable performance prediction. Our results suggest that the proposed hybrid NLP methods can provide valuable insights even in the low-data setting of blended courses given enough data granularity.
COBERTURA VACINAL E TOMADA DE DECISÃO: QUAL O CENÁRIO ATUAL DO BRASIL?
Creators: name: Oliveira, Juliane Fonseca
name: Rodrigues, Moreno Magalhães de Souza
name: Silva, Nivea Bispo
name: Ramos, Pablo Ivan Pereira
name: Ferreira, Andressa Cristina Silva
name: Azevedo, Arthur Rios
name: Filho, Fábio Marconso de Holanda Sales
name: Pereira, Felipe Augusto Cardoso
name: Borges, Gabriela Lima
name: Oliveira, Guilherme Lopes
name: Valencia, Luis Iván Ortiz
name: Costa, Larissa Catharina
name: Ortiz, Renzo Joel Flores
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: Tão importante quanto a disponibilidade de vacinas, também é fazer com que elas cheguem à população de maneira ampla e rápida. A estratégia de vacinação de um país precisa levar em consideração vários fatores, dentre eles recursos, tempo e cobertura da população sob risco. Neste boletim iremos responder às seguintes perguntas no âmbito da campanha de vacinação do Brasil: 1) Quantas pessoas estão atrasadas ou completaram o ciclo de vacinação? 2) Como as vacinas podem proteger a população contra as diferentes variantes do SARS-CoV-2? 3) O que podemos aprender para aplicar ou relaxar agora e no futuro medidas não farmacêuticas? Quais esforços o país precisa fazer para o período de festividades que se aproxima?
Dynamic Movement Primitives: Volumetric Obstacle Avoidance Using Dynamic Potential Functions
Creators: name: Ginesi, Michele
name: Meli, Daniele
name: Roberti, Andrea
name: Sansonetto, Nicola
name: Fiorini, Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Obstacle avoidance for DMPs is still a challenging problem. In our previous work, we proposed a framework for obstacle avoidance based on superquadric potential functions to represent volumes. In this work, we extend our previous work to include the velocity of the trajectory in the definition of the potential. Our formulations guarantee smoother behavior with respect to state-of-the-art point-like methods. Moreover, our new formulation allows to obtain a smoother behavior in proximity of the obstacle than when using a static (i.e. velocity independent) potential. We validate our framework for obstacle avoidance in a simulated multi-robot scenario and with different real robots: a pick-and-place task for an industrial manipulator and a surgical robot to show scalability; and navigation with a mobile robot in dynamic environment.
description: Preprint for Journal of Intelligent and Robotic Systems
Colliding Clouds: The Star Formation Trigger of the Stellar Cluster Around BD+40 4124
Creators: name: Looney, L. W.
name: Wang, S.
name: Hamidouche, M.
name: Safier, P. N.
name: Klein, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present BIMA and SCUBA observations of the young cluster associated with BD +40 4124 in the dense molecular gas tracer CS J=2-1 and the continuum dust continuum at 3.1 mm and 850 micron. The dense gas and dust in the system is aligned into a long ridge morphology extending ~0.4 pc with 16 gas clumps of estimated masses ranging from 0.14 - 1.8 Solar masses. A north-south variation in the CS center line velocity can be explained with a two cloud model. We posit that the BD +40 4124 stellar cluster formed from a cloud-cloud collision. The largest linewidths occur near V1318 Cyg-S, a massive star affecting its natal environment. In contrast, the dense gas near the other, more evolved, massive stars displays no evidence for disruption; the material must either be processed into the star, dissipate, or relax, fairly quickly. The more evolved low-mass protostars are more likely to be found near the massive stars. If the majority of low-mass stars are coeval, the seemingly evolved low-mass protostars are not older: the massive stars have eroded their structures. Finally, at the highest resolution, the 3.1 mm dust emission is resolved into a flattened structure 3100 by 1500 AU with an estimated mass of 3.4 Solar masses. The continuum and CS emission are offset by 1.1 arcsec from the southern binary source. A simple estimate of the extinction due to the continuum emission structure is AV = 700 mag. From the offset and as the southern source is detected in the optical, the continuum emission is from a previously unknown very young, intermediate-mass, embedded stellar object. (see high resolution figures at http://eeyore.astro.uiuc.edu/~lwl/recent/bd40.pdf).
description: ApJ Accepted. 24 pages
DuoRAT: Towards Simpler Text-to-SQL Models
Creators: name: Scholak, Torsten
name: Li, Raymond
name: Bahdanau, Dzmitry
name: de Vries, Harm
name: Pal, Chris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recent neural text-to-SQL models can effectively translate natural language questions to corresponding SQL queries on unseen databases. Working mostly on the Spider dataset, researchers have proposed increasingly sophisticated solutions to the problem. Contrary to this trend, in this paper we focus on simplifications. We begin by building DuoRAT, a re-implementation of the state-of-the-art RAT-SQL model that unlike RAT-SQL is using only relation-aware or vanilla transformers as the building blocks. We perform several ablation experiments using DuoRAT as the baseline model. Our experiments confirm the usefulness of some techniques and point out the redundancy of others, including structural SQL features and features that link the question with the schema.
description: Accepted to NAACL 2021. 9 pages
Detecting Generalized Synchronization Between Chaotic Signals: A Kernel-based Approach
Creators: name: Suetani, Hiromichi
name: Iba, Yukito
name: Aihara, Kazuyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A unified framework for analyzing generalized synchronization in coupled chaotic systems from data is proposed. The key of the proposed approach is the use of the kernel methods recently developed in the field of machine learning. Several successful applications are presented, which show the capability of the kernel-based approach for detecting generalized synchronization. It is also shown that the dynamical change of the coupling coefficient between two chaotic systems can be captured by the proposed approach.
description: 20 pages, 15 figures. massively revised as a full paper; issues on the choice of parameters by cross validation, tests by surrogated data, etc. are added as well as additional examples and figures
Superconformal Field Theory and SUSY N=1 KdV Hierarchy II: The Q-operator
Creators: name: Kulish, Petr P.
name: Zeitlin, Anton M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The algebraic structures related with integrable structure of superconformal field theory (SCFT) are introduced. The SCFT counterparts of Baxter's Q-operator are constructed. The fusion-like relations for the transfer-matrices in different representations and their truncations are obtained.
description: LaTeX2e, elsart.cls, 17 pages, Nuclear Physics B, 2005, in press
Analyticity for Singular Sums of Squares of Degenerate Vector Fields
Creators: name: Tartakoff, David S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35H10; 35N15

description: In this paper we prove local analytic hypoellipticity for a degenerate sum of squares of complex vector fields generalizing those of Kohn in "Hypoellipticity and Loss of Derivatives". Kohn's article is to appear in the Annals of Mathematics with an appendix by Derridj and Tartakoff proving local analyticity in that case. Here we consider vector fields corresponding to a CR manifold of finite type so there is a kind of double degeneracy, and prove local analyticity using our balanced localization of high derivatives in the "missing" direction T. In a forthcoming paper, Bove, Derridj, Kohn and Tartakoff will use these techniques to prove hypoellipticity for both classes of operators.
description: 13 pages
Tung Processing and Marketing Practices and Costs
Creators: name: , Fats
name: , Fats
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1952
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Production Economics

description: Excerpts from the report Preface: Under authority of the Agricultural Marketing Act of 1946 (RMA, Title II), a marketing research project was organized to analyze the methods and practices of oilseed mills in relation to costs and margins, and their effects on return to growers. A study of tung milling is one part of that project. Tung oil is classified by the Munitions Board as one of the six strategic oils. Production from domestic tung groves is roughly equivalent to a fifth of normal domestic requirements. This study is an attempt to analyze the methods, practices, and economic efficiency of the processing mills through which the domestic tung crop passes to the industrial users of tung oil. At the time mill data were obtained the industry was composed of 14 mills. The smallness of this number put stringent limitations on the analysis.
TIME ALLOCATION BETWEEN FARM AND OFF-FARM ACTIVITIES IN ISRAELI FARM HOUSEHOLDS - 1995
Creators: name: Kimhi, Ayal
name: Rapaport, Eliel
name: Kimhi, Ayal
name: Rapaport, Eliel
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: Consumer/Household Economics

description: This paper examines the time allocation of Israeli farm families between farm work and off-farm work. We found that extended families behave differently than nuclear families: people in families with adult children or siblings of the farm couple tend to work more off the farm and less on the farm, while people in families with parents tend to work less both on and off the farm. We also found that farm land and capital do not affect time allocation once we control for the productive structure of the farm. The private Arab and Jewish farm families behave differently than families in Moshavim, perhaps due to institutional factors, cultural background, and/or labor market discrimination.
Fermion-boson many-body interplay in a frustrated kagome paramagnet
Creators: name: Yin, J. -X.
name: Shumiya, Nana
name: Mardanya, Sougata
name: Wang, Qi
name: Zhang, S. S.
name: Tien, Hung-Ju
name: Multer, Daniel
name: Jiang, Yuxiao
name: Cheng, Guangming
name: Yao, Nan
name: Wu, Shangfei
name: Wu, Desheng
name: Deng, Liangzi
name: Ye, Zhipeng
name: He, Rui
name: Chang, Guoqing
name: Liu, Zhonghao
name: Jiang, Kun
name: Wang, Ziqiang
name: Neupert, Titus
name: Agarwal, Amit
name: Chang, Tay-Rong
name: Chu, Ching-Wu
name: Lei, Hechang
name: Hasan, M. Zahid
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Kagome-net, appearing in areas of fundamental physics, materials, photonic and cold-atom systems, hosts frustrated fermionic and bosonic excitations. However, it is extremely rare to find a system to study both fermionic and bosonic modes to gain insights into their many-body interplay. Here we use state-of-the-art scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy to discover unusual electronic coupling to flat-band phonons in a layered kagome paramagnet. Our results reveal the kagome structure with unprecedented atomic resolution and observe the striking bosonic mode interacting with dispersive kagome electrons near the Fermi surface. At this mode energy, the fermionic quasi-particle dispersion exhibits a pronounced renormalization, signaling a giant coupling to bosons. Through a combination of self-energy analysis, first-principles calculation, and a lattice vibration model, we present evidence that this mode arises from the geometrically frustrated phonon flat-band, which is the lattice analog of kagome electron flat-band. Our findings provide the first example of kagome bosonic mode (flat-band phonon) in electronic excitations and its strong interaction with fermionic degrees of freedom in kagome-net materials.
description: To appear in Nature Communications (2020)
Affine configurations and pure braids
Creators: name: Suárez-Serrato, Pablo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20F65; 20F38; 14N20

description: We show that the fundamental group of the space of ordered affine-equivalent configurations of at least five points in the real plane is isomorphic to the pure braid group modulo its centre. In the case of four points this fundamental group is free with eleven generators.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure, final version; to appear in Discrete & Computational Geometry, available from the publishers at http://www.springerlink.com/content/384516n7q24811ph/
On stability of Friedmann-Lemaître-Robertson-Walker solutions in doubled geometries
Creators: name: Bochniak, Arkadiusz
name: Sitarz, Andrzej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 58B34, 83C65, 83F05

description: Motivated by the models of geometry with discrete spaces as additional dimensions we investigate the stability of cosmological solutions in models with two metrics of the Friedmann-Lemaître-Robertson-Walker type. We propose an effective gravity action that couples the two metrics in a similar manner as in the bimetric theory of gravity and analyse whether standard solutions with identical metrics are stable under small perturbations.
description: 20 pages
LAND REFORM AND DEVELOPMENT OF AGRICULTURAL LAND MARKETS IN RUSSIA
Creators: name: Lerman, Zvi
name: Shagaida, Natalya
name: Lerman, Zvi
name: Shagaida, Natalya
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: International Development
Land Economics/Use

description: Russia has experienced dramatic changes in land ownership and land tenure since the dissolution of the Soviet Union at the end of 1991: agricultural land has been largely privatized, individual landowners now have legal rights to most agricultural land in the country, and previous prohibitions on buying and selling of land have been removed by recent laws. The necessary preconditions for the development of agricultural land markets have been met and we are beginning to witness transactions that involve individual landowners, and not only the state. However, further development of the embryonic land market is severely circumscribed by the inadequacy of the administrative and technical infrastructure. In this paper we discuss the dynamically evolving legal framework for land reform, consider the impacts of land reform on privatization and ownership structure of agricultural land, and analyze the development of land market transactions. The analysis is based on official statistical sources and the results of a questionnaire-based survey conducted by the authors in 2003 in three regions. The paper concludes with a review of the existing constraints on land transactions and some policy recommendations.
Supplementary document for Experimental anonymous quantum conferencing - 6994778.pdf
Creators: name: Webb, Jonathan
name: Ho, Joseph
name: Grasselli, Federico
name: Murta, Glaucia
name: Pickston, Alex
name: Ulibarrena, Andres
name: Fedrizzi, Alessandro
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2024
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supplemental document
Skoda, Franz: Die sowjetrussische philosophische Religionskritik heute
Creators: name: Schaeder, Hildegard
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 17 Nr. 4 (1968): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 17, Heft 4
How Some Wholesale Grocers Build Better Retailers
Creators: name: Davenport, John H.
name: Hoecker, R. W.
name: Davenport, John H.
name: Hoecker, R. W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1952
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Production Economics
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: Excerpt from the report Summary: This report sets forth some of the services rendered retailers by successful wholesalers for their mutual benefit. Wholesalers and retailers of groceries recognize that a considerable part of their success depends on each other. The study on which this report is based was made to determine some of the methods which successful wholesalers are using in helping retailers to sell more groceries at lower costs, and to determine the areas and evaluate the need for additional research that will show wholesalers and retailers how they can, by working together, hold down the costs of food distribution. Case studies were made of selected wholesalers, who had annual sales volumes ranging from 5 million to 50 million dollars, and who employed apparently successful methods.
The effects of the crsA mutation in the major vegetative sigma factor [sigma]-A on the regulation of sporulation initiation in Bacillus subtilis
Creators: name: Dixon, Laurie G.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The crsA mutation is located within the gene for the major vegetative sigma factor of Bacillus subtilis, σ[sup A]. The presence of this mutation results in alterations in the regulatory events controlling sporulation initiation, such that spore formation proceeds despite the presence of inhibitory concentrations of glucose. In an effort to more fully understand the mechanisms of glucose repression of sporulation, the effects of the crsA mutation on sporulation gene expression were examined. The in vivo promoter activity of genes involved in the initial stages of sporulation was examined in the crsA mutant using promoter-lacZ fusion constructs. The observed patterns of gene expression indicated that key regulatory checkpoints in the sporulation initiation pathway were bypassed in the presence of the mutant σ[sup A]. The activity of genes encoding phosphorelay proteins was altered, suggesting the inappropriate activity of the sporulation sigma factor, σ[sup H]; as well, both the expression of the operon encoding the transition state regulator SinR, and the expression of spo genes negatively regulated by SinR, were altered. Analysis of spoOA promoter expression suggested that transcription from the vegetative promoter of spoOA was increased in crsA mutant strains. Analysis of both the expression from and the sporulation frequency of a spoOA promoter mutant supported this observation, and implicated altered spoOA expression in the glucose resistant sporulation phenotype of the crsA mutant. Comparative in vitro transcription assays were performed using wild type and crsA mutant RNA polymerases, providing evidence that transcription from the σ[sup A]dependent spoOA promoter by the crsA mutant RNA polymerase was increased over that seen with the wild type enzyme. The data presented herein suggested that the alteration of spoOA gene expression was a direct effect of the crsA mutation in σ[sup A] . This increase in spoOA expression, combined with inappropriate σ[sup H] activity and altered sin expression, resulted in changes in the expression patterns of key genes involved in the initiation of sporulation, overcoming regulatory checkpoints at which sporulation would normally be repressed by glucose. These data indicate that prevention of SpoOA accumulation and negative regulation of σ[sup H] activity are important in the mechanism of glucose inhibition of sporulation.
Supersymmetric black holes
Creators: name: de Wit, Bernard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent insights from string theory and supergravity on the macroscopic and the microscopic description of black hole entropy are discussed.
description: To be published in the proceedings of the Symposium in honor of the 70-th birthday of Julius Wess, Munchen, 10-11 January, 2005
User Fairness, Item Fairness, and Diversity for Rankings in Two-Sided Markets
Creators: name: Wang, Lequn
name: Joachims, Thorsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: H.3.3

description: Ranking items by their probability of relevance has long been the goal of conventional ranking systems. While this maximizes traditional criteria of ranking performance, there is a growing understanding that it is an oversimplification in online platforms that serve not only a diverse user population, but also the producers of the items. In particular, ranking algorithms are expected to be fair in how they serve all groups of users -- not just the majority group -- and they also need to be fair in how they divide exposure among the items. These fairness considerations can partially be met by adding diversity to the rankings, as done in several recent works. However, we show in this paper that user fairness, item fairness and diversity are fundamentally different concepts. In particular, we find that algorithms that consider only one of the three desiderata can fail to satisfy and even harm the other two. To overcome this shortcoming, we present the first ranking algorithm that explicitly enforces all three desiderata. The algorithm optimizes user and item fairness as a convex optimization problem which can be solved optimally. From its solution, a ranking policy can be derived via a novel Birkhoff-von Neumann decomposition algorithm that optimizes diversity. Beyond the theoretical analysis, we investigate empirically on a new benchmark dataset how effectively the proposed ranking algorithm can control user fairness, item fairness and diversity, as well as the trade-offs between them.
description: 19 pages, 3 figures, ICTIR 2021
Fabrication and Evaluation of Gastro Retentive Tablet of Trandolapril in Treatment of Essential Hypertension
Creators: name: Tiwari, Mamta; Sharma, Nisha; Gupta, Prakash Chandra; Misra, Shashi Kiran; Kapoor, Anupriya
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: Fabrication and Evaluation of Gastro Retentive Tablet of Trandolapril in Treatment of Essential Hypertension
Large dust grains in the inner region of circumstellar disks
Creators: name: Isella, Andrea
name: Testi, Leonardo
name: Natta, Antonella
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: CONTEXT: Simple geometrical ring models account well for near-infrared interferometric observations of dusty disks surrounding pre-main sequence stars of intermediate mass. Such models demonstrate that the dust distribution in these disks has an inner hole and puffed-up inner edge consistent with theoretical expectations. AIMS: In this paper, we reanalyze the available interferometric observations of six intermediate mass pre-main sequence stars (CQ Tau, VV Ser, MWC 480, MWC 758, V1295 Aql and AB Aur) in the framework of a more detailed physical model of the inner region of the dusty disk. Our aim is to verify whether the model will allow us to constrain the disk and dust properties. METHODS: Observed visibilities from the literature are compared with theoretical visibilities from our model. With the assumption that silicates are the most refractory dust species, our model computes self-consistently the shape and emission of the inner edge of the dusty disk (and hence its visibilities for given interferometer con gurations). The only free parameters in our model are the inner disk orientation and the size of the dust grains. RESULTS: In all objects with the exception of AB Aur, our self-consistent models reproduce both the interferometric results and the near-infrared spectral energy distribution. In four cases, grains larger than 1.2 micron, and possibly much larger are either required by or consistent with the observations. The inclination of the inner disk is found to be always larger than 30 deg, and in at least two objects much larger.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A. 11 pages, 8 figures
Theory and it ab initio calculation of radiative lifetime of excitons in semiconducting carbon nanotubes
Creators: name: Spataru, Catalin D.
name: Ismail-Beigi, Sohrab
name: Capaz, Rodrigo B.
name: Louie, Steven G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present theoretical analysis and first-principles calculation of the radiative lifetime of excitons in semiconducting carbon nanotubes. An intrinsic lifetime of the order of 10 ps is computed for the lowest optically active bright excitons. The intrinsic lifetime is however a rapid increasing function of the exciton momentum. Moreover, the electronic structure of the nanotubes dictates the existence of dark excitons nearby in energy to each bright exciton. Both effects strongly influence measured lifetime. Assuming a thermal occupation of bright and dark exciton bands, we find an effective lifetime of the order of 10 ns at room temperature, in good accord with recent experiments.
description: 12 pages, 3 figures
Rendtorff, Trutz, Tödt, Heinz Eduard: Theologie der Revolution
Creators: name: Langner, Albrecht
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 17 Nr. 4 (1968): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 17, Heft 4
RURAL LIVELIHOODS IN ARMENIA
Creators: name: Bezemer, Dirk J.
name: Lerman, Zvi
name: Bezemer, Dirk J.
name: Lerman, Zvi
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development
Labor and Human Capital

description: In this paper the structure of the rural economy in Armenia is explored from a household perspective. The paper draws on the livelihoods framework, recognizing the different capitals and activities that support rural households' livelihood strategies. Ownership of capitals and access to activities are examined in relation to the incidence of poverty on the basis of data from a recent large-scale survey of rural households in Armenia. Different measures for the outcome of livelihood strategies in terms of well-being are observed, which are consistently linked to income levels across poor and other households. Income-poor households are found to be less well-endowed especially with financial and social capital. They derive smaller income shares from economic activities, and more from dissaving and social payments. The findings are relevant to policies aimed at alleviating rural poverty.
Anatomy of Zero-norm States in String Theory
Creators: name: Chan, Chuan-Tsung
name: Lee, Jen-Chi
name: Yang, Yi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate and identify the counterparts of zero-norm states in the old covariant first quantised (OCFQ) spectrum of open bosonic string in two other quantization schemes of string theory, namely the light-cone DDF zero-norm states and the off-shell BRST zero-norm states (with ghost) in the Witten string field theory (WSFT). In particular, special attention is paid to the inter-particle zero-norm states in all quantization schemes. For the case of the off-shell BRST zero-norm states, we impose the no ghost conditions and recover exactly two types of on-shell zero-norm states in the OCFQ string spectrum for the first few low-lying mass levels. We then show that off-shell gauge transformations of WSFT are identical to the on-shell stringy gauge symmetries generated by two types of zero-norm states in the generalized massive sigma-model approach of string theory. The high energy limit of these stringy gauge symmetries was recently used to calculate the proportionality constants, conjectured by Gross, among high energy scattering amplitudes of different string states. Based on these zero-norm state calculations, we have thus related gauge symmetry of WSFT to the high-energy stringy symmetry of Gross.
description: 30 pages
Liouville reflection operator, affine Yangian and Bethe ansatz
Creators: name: Litvinov, Alexey
name: Vilkoviskiy, Ilya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In these notes we study integrable structure of conformal field theory by means of Liouville reflection operator/Maulik-Okounkov $R$-matrix. We discuss the relation between $RLL$ and current realization of the affine Yangian of $\mathfrak{gl}(1)$. We construct the family of commuting transfer matrices related to the Intermediate Long Wave hierarchy and derive Bethe ansatz equations for their spectra discovered by Nekrasov and Okounkov and independently by one of the authors. Our derivation mostly follows the one by Feigin, Jimbo, Miwa and Mukhin, but is adapted to the conformal case.
description: 46 pages
The Nonequilibrium Thermodynamics of Small Systems
Creators: name: Bustamante, C.
name: Liphardt, J.
name: Ritort, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The interactions of tiny objects with their environment are dominated by thermal fluctuations. Guided by theory and assisted by micromanipulation tools, scientists have begun to study such interactions in detail.
description: PDF file, 13 pages. Long version of the paper published in Physics Today
Optimal quantum channels
Creators: name: Duvenhage, Rocco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A method to optimize the cost of a quantum channel is developed. The goal is to determine the cheapest channel that produces prescribed output states for a given set of input states. This is essentially a quantum version of optimal transport. To attach a clear conceptual meaning to the cost, channels are viewed in terms of what we call elementary transitions, which are analogous to point-to-point transitions between classical systems. The role of entanglement in optimization of cost is emphasized. We also show how our approach can be applied to theoretically search for channels performing a prescribed set of tasks on the states of a system, while otherwise disturbing the state as little as possible.
description: v1: 5 pages. v2: More complete discussion of the role of entanglement. Faulty example extended to a separate section. Other minor additions and corrections. References added. 8 pages. v3: Some references and clarifying remarks added. Minor corrections made. 9 pages. v4: Minor typos (missing transposition signs) fixed at end of Sec. VI
On Newton's Method for Entire Functions
Creators: name: Rueckert, Johannes
name: Schleicher, Dierk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 30D05, 37F10, 37F20, 49M15

description: The Newton map N_f of an entire function f turns the roots of f into attracting fixed points. Let U be the immediate attracting basin for such a fixed point of N_f. We study the behavior of N_f in a component V of C\U. If V can be surrounded by an invariant curve within U and satisfies the condition that each point in the extended plane has at most finitely many preimages in V, we show that V contains another immediate basin of N_f or a virtual immediate basin. A virtual immediate basin is an unbounded invariant Fatou component in which the dynamics converges to infty through an absorbing set.
description: 19 pages, 4 figures. Changes in Version 2: Sharpened the result in Section 4
RNA Sequence Classification Using Secondary Structure Fingerprints, Sequence-Based Features, and Deep Learning
Creators: name: Sutanto, Kevin
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2021
Subjects: RNA
secondary structure
k-mer
deep learning

description: RNAs are involved in different facets of biological processes; including but not limited to controlling and inhibiting gene expressions, enabling transcription and translation from DNA to proteins, in processes involving diseases such as cancer, and virus-host interactions. As such, there are useful applications that may arise from studies and analyses involving RNAs, such as detecting cancer by measuring the abundance of specific RNAs, detecting and identifying infections involving RNA viruses, identifying the origins of and relationships between RNA viruses, and identifying potential targets when designing novel drugs. Extracting sequences from RNA samples is usually not a major limitation anymore thanks to sequencing technologies such as RNA-Seq. However, accurately identifying and analyzing the extracted sequences is often still the bottleneck when it comes to developing RNA-based applications. Like proteins, functional RNAs are able to fold into complex structures in order to perform specific functions throughout their lifecycle. This suggests that structural information can be used to identify or classify RNA sequences, in addition to the sequence information of the RNA itself. Furthermore, a strand of RNA may have more than one possible structural conformations it can fold into, and it is also possible for a strand to form different structures in vivo and in vitro. However, past studies that utilized secondary structure information for RNA identification purposes have relied on one predicted secondary structure for each RNA sequence, despite the possible one-to-many relationship between a strand of RNA and the possible secondary structures. Therefore, we hypothesized that using a representation that includes the multiple possible secondary structures of an RNA for classification purposes may improve the classification performance. We proposed and built a pipeline that produces secondary structure fingerprints given a sequence of RNA, that takes into account the aforementioned multiple possible secondary structures for a single RNA. Using this pipeline, we explored and developed different types of secondary structure fingerprints in our studies. A type of fingerprints serves as high-level topological representations of the RNA structure, while another type represents matches with common known RNA secondary structure motifs we have curated from databases and the literature. Next, to test our hypothesis, the different fingerprints are then used with deep learning and with different datasets, alone and together with various sequence-based features, to investigate how the secondary structure fingerprints affect the classification performance. Finally, by analyzing our findings, we also propose approaches that can be adopted by future studies to further improve our secondary structure fingerprints and classification performance.
LAND LEASE MARKETS AND AGRICULTURAL EFFICIENCY: THEORY AND EVIDENCE FROM ETHIOPIA
Creators: name: Pender, John L.
name: Fafchamps, Marcel
name: Pender, John L.
name: Fafchamps, Marcel
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: land lease markets
subject: land tenure
subject: sharecropping
subject: agricultural efficiency

description: This paper develops a theoretical model of land leasing that includes transaction costs of enforcing labor effort, risk pooling motives and non-tradable productive inputs. We test the implications of this model compared to those of the - Marshallian - (unenforceable labor effort) and "New School" (costlessly enforceable effort) perspectives using data collected from four villages in Ethiopia. We find that land lease markets operate relatively efficiently in the villages studied, supporting the New School perspective relative to the other two models. Land contract choice is found to depend upon the social relationships between landlords and tenants, but differences in contracts are not associated with significant differences in input use or output value per hectare. We find that other household and village characteristics do affect input use and output value, suggesting imperfections in other factor markets. These results imply that interventions to improve the functioning of land lease markets are likely to be of little benefit for agricultural efficiency in the villages studied, whereas improvements in other factor markets may be more beneficial.
Families of Artinian and one-dimensional algebras
Creators: name: Kleppe, Jan O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14C05, 13D10, 13D03, 13D07, 13C40, 13D02

description: The purpose of this paper is to study families of Artinian or one dimensional quotients of a polynomial ring $R$ with a special look to level algebras. Let $\GradAlg^H(R)$ be the scheme parametrizing graded quotients of $R$ with Hilbert function $H$. Let $B \to A$ be any graded surjection of quotients of $R$ with Hilbert function $H_B$ and $H_A$, and h-vectors $h_B=(1,h_1,...,h_j,...)$ and $h_A$, respectively. If $\depth A = \dim A \leq 1$ and $A$ is a ``truncation'' of $B$ in the sense that $h_A=(1,h_1,...,h_{j-1},α,0,0,...)$ for some $α\leq h_j$, then we show there is a close relationship between $\GradAlg^{H_A}(R)$ and $\GradAlg^{H_B}(R)$ concerning e.g. smoothness and dimension at the points $(A)$ and $(B)$ respectively, provided $B$ is a complete intersection or provided the Castelnuovo-Mumford regularity of $A$ is at least 3 (sometimes 2) larger than the regularity of $B$. In the complete intersection case we generalize this relationship to ``non-truncated'' Artinian algebras $A$ which are compressed or close to being compressed. For more general Artinian algebras we describe the dual of the tangent and obstruction space of deformations in a manageable form which we make rather explicit for level algebras of Cohen-Macaulay type 2. This description and a linkage theorem for families allow us to prove a conjecture of Iarrobino on the existence of at least two irreducible components of $\GradAlg^H(R)$, $H=(1,3,6,10,14,10,6,2)$, whose general elements are Artinian level algebras of type 2.
description: 29 pages
Entanglement distribution with wavevector-multiplexed quantum memory
Creators: name: Lipka, Michał
name: Mazelanik, Mateusz
name: Parniak, Michał
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Feasible distribution of quantum entanglement over long distances remains a fundamental step towards quantum secure communication and quantum network implementations. Quantum repeater nodes based on quantum memories promise to overcome exponential signal decay inherent to optical implementations of quantum communication. While performance of current quantum memories hinders their practical application, multimode solutions with multiplexing can offer tremendous increase in entanglement distribution rates. We propose to use a wavevector-multiplexed atomic quantum memory (WV-MUX-QM) as a fundamental block of a multiplexed quantum repeater architecture. We show the WV-MUX-QM platform to provide quasi-deterministic entanglement generation over extended distances, mitigating the fundamental issue of optical loss even with currently available quantum memory devices, and exceeding performance of repeaterless solutions as well as other repeater-based protocols such as temporal multiplexing. We establish the entangled-bit (ebit) rate per number of employed nodes as a practical figure of merit reflecting the cost-efficiency of larger inter-node distances.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures
EDUCATING AGRICULTURAL RESEARCHERS: A REVIEW OF THE ROLE OF AFRICAN UNIVERSITIES
Creators: name: Beintema, Nienke M.
name: Pardey, Philip G.
name: Roseboom, Johannes
name: Beintema, Nienke M.
name: Pardey, Philip G.
name: Roseboom, Johannes
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession
subject: University education
subject: Agriculture
subject: R&D
subject: Human capital

description: The number of higher-education institutions and the students enrolled in them has grown rapidly throughout Africa since the early 1960s. The number of universities increased from less than 20 in 1960 to nearly 160 by 1996; student numbers grew from 119,000 to almost two million over the same period, yet enrollment ratios in Africa continue to lag well behind developed and other-developing country norms. Funding for higher-education in Africa kept pace with the expanding institutional base during the 1960s and 1970s, but has fallen well behind the growth in student numbers since 1980. The pattern of the development of the agricultural sciences has matched the general pattern of development of the higher-education sector. Three quarters of the countries in Africa currently offer some tertiary training in the agricultural sciences. Only one half of the African faculties of agricultural sciences offer postgraduate degrees, and most of these programs were established in the past decade. Nonetheless, much of the rapid growth in the number of national scientists working in national agricultural research institutes continues continues to rely on scientists trained to the postgraduate (and also BSc) level outside the region.
Multi-Instantons in Higher Dimensions and Superstring Solitons
Creators: name: Loginov, E. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct octonionic multi-instantons for the eight and seven dimensional Yang-Mills theory. Extended soliton solutions to the low-energy heterotic field theory equations of motion are constructed from these octonionic multi-instantons. The solitons describe a string in ten-dimensional Minkowski space, and preserve one and two of the sixteen space-time supersymmetries correspondingly.
description: Published in SIGMA (Symmetry, Integrability and Geometry: Methods and Applications) at http://www.emis.de/journals/SIGMA/
Integrable potentials on spaces with curvature from quantum groups
Creators: name: Ballesteros, Angel
name: Herranz, Francisco J.
name: Ragnisco, Orlando
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A family of classical integrable systems defined on a deformation of the two-dimensional sphere, hyperbolic and (anti-)de Sitter spaces is constructed through Hamiltonians defined on the non-standard quantum deformation of a sl(2) Poisson coalgebra. All these spaces have a non-constant curvature that depends on the deformation parameter z. As particular cases, the analogues of the harmonic oscillator and Kepler--Coulomb potentials on such spaces are proposed. Another deformed Hamiltonian is also shown to provide superintegrable systems on the usual sphere, hyperbolic and (anti-)de Sitter spaces with a constant curvature that exactly coincides with z. According to each specific space, the resulting potential is interpreted as the superposition of a central harmonic oscillator with either two more oscillators or centrifugal barriers. The non-deformed limit z=0 of all these Hamiltonians can then be regarded as the zero-curvature limit (contraction) which leads to the corresponding (super)integrable systems on the flat Euclidean and Minkowskian spaces.
description: 19 pages, 1 figure. Two references added
PRODUCTIVITY AND LAND ENHANCING TECHNOLOGIES IN NORTHERN ETHIOPIA: HEALTH, PUBLIC INVESTMENTS, AND SEQUENTIAL ADOPTION
Creators: name: Ersado, Lire
name: Amacher, Gregory S.
name: Alwang, Jeffrey Roger
name: Ersado, Lire
name: Amacher, Gregory S.
name: Alwang, Jeffrey Roger
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Land Economics/Use

description: The adoption of more efficient farming practices and technologies that enhance agricultural productivity and improve environmental sustainability is instrumental for achieving economic growth, food security and poverty alleviation in sub-Saharan Africa. Our research examines the interaction between public investments, community health, and adoption of productivity and land enhancing technologies by households in the northern Ethiopian state of Tigray. Agricultural technology adoption decisions are modeled as a sequential process where the timing of choices can matter. We find that time spent sick and opportunity costs of caring for sick family members are significant factors in adoption. Sickness, through its impact on household income and labor allocation decisions for healthcare and other activities, significantly reduces the likelihood of technology adoption. Our findings suggest that agencies working to improve agricultural productivity and land resource conservation should consider not only the financial status of potential adopters, but also their related health situation.