cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Economics of "When" Flexibility in the Design of Greenhouse Gas Abatement Policies
Creators: name: Toman, Michael
name: Morgenstern, Richard D.
name: Anderson, John W.
name: Toman, Michael
name: Morgenstern, Richard D.
name: Anderson, John W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: climate change policy
subject: Kyoto Protocol

description: This paper focuses on the economic desirability of the fixed and relatively short-term greenhouse gas targets and timetables in the Kyoto Protocol. The Protocol provides flexibility in which greenhouse gases to control, where control can be implemented, and what domestic policy measures are used. However, the Protocol does not allow much flexibility in when emission reductions take place in pursuit of longer-term environmental goals. Nor does it allow more flexible shorter-term environmental targets through price-based policy instruments that balance environmental goals and compliance costs. The relative inflexibility of the Protocol with respect to these elements may derive, in part, from a misplaced analogy between the global warming issue and the highly successful effort to phase out CFCs under the Montreal Protocol. The lack of "when" flexibility may be a key barrier to achieving the broader goals of the Kyoto Protocol, particularly if "where" flexibility is constrained in implementing the Protocol.
Phonon-induced quadrupolar ordering of the magnetic superconductor TmNi$_2$B$_2$C
Creators: name: Andersen, N. H.
name: Jensen, J.
name: Jensen, T. B. S.
name: Zimmermann, M. v.
name: Pinholt, R.
name: Abrahamsen, A. B.
name: Toft, K. Noegaard
name: Hedegard, P.
name: Canfield, P. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present synchrotron x-ray diffraction studies revealing that the lattice of thulium borocarbide is distorted below T_Q = 13.5 K at zero field. T_Q increases and the amplitude of the displacements is drastically enhanced, by a factor of 10 at 60 kOe, when a magnetic field is applied along [100]. The distortion occurs at the same wave vector as the antiferromagnetic ordering induced by the a-axis field. A model is presented that accounts for the properties of the quadrupolar phase and explains the peculiar behavior of the antiferromagnetic ordering previously observed in this compound.
description: submitted to PRL
THE WELFARE CONSEQUENCES OF CERTIFIED LABELING FOR CREDENCE ATTRIBUTES
Creators: name: Hoehn, John P.
name: Deaton, Brady J.
name: Hoehn, John P.
name: Deaton, Brady J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Certified labeling for credence attributes is examined using the concepts of pooled and separating equilibria. The analysis addresses a latent credence good demand that differs from a conventional good demand by willingness to pay for the credence characteristic. Third-party certified labeling vertically differentiates the two products and a two separate markets replace a single pooled market. Market outcomes are examined theoretically and with empirical simulations. Costless labeling is net welfare improving, but impacts are highly asymmetric. Credence producers gain largely at the expense of conventional producers. Costly labeling may reduce welfare even with rather modest labeling costs.
The sphaleron rate from Euclidean lattice correlators: an exploration
Creators: name: Altenkort, Luis
name: Eller, Alexander M.
name: Kaczmarek, Olaf
name: Mazur, Lukas
name: Moore, Guy D.
name: Shu, Hai-Tao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show how the sphaleron rate (the Minkowski rate for topological charge diffusion) can be determined by analytical continuation of the Euclidean topological-charge-density two-point function, which we investigate on the lattice, using gradient flow to reduce noise and provide improved operators which more accurately measure topology. We measure the correlators on large, fine lattices in the quenched approximation at $1.5\,T_c$ with high precision. Based on these data we first perform a continuum extrapolation at fixed physical flow time and then extrapolate the continuum estimates to zero flow time. The extrapolated correlators are then used to study the sphaleron rate by spectral reconstruction based on perturbatively motivated models.
Adrian HIELSCHER, Instrumenta domestica aus Pompeji und ihr Design. Eine Untersuchung zur decorativen Gestaltung der Kleinfunde aus der Insula I 10
Creators: name: Wild, Tobias
Publisher: name: Göttinger Forum für Altertumswissenschaft
Year: 2024

description: Rezension zu: Adrian Hielscher, Instrumenta domestica aus Pompeji und ihr Design. Eine Untersuchung zur decorativen Gestaltung der Kleinfunde aus der Insula I 10. Decorative Principles in Late Republican and Early Imperial Italy (Decor) Bd. 4. Berlin/Boston: De Gruyter 2022, 375 S., 268 Abb., EUR 139,95. ISBN: 978-3-11-078538-8
description: Göttinger Forum für Altertumswissenschaft, Bd. 26 (2023): Göttinger Forum für Altertumswissenschaft
Cosmological constraints with GRBs: homogeneous medium vs wind density profile
Creators: name: Ghirlanda, G.
name: Ghisellini, G.
name: Firmani, C.
name: Nava, L.
name: Tavecchio, F.
name: Lazzati, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the constraints on the cosmological parameters obtained with the $E_{\rm peak}$--$E_γ$ correlation found with the most recent sample of 19 GRBs with spectroscopically measured redshift and well determined prompt emission spectral and afterglow parameters. We compare our results obtained in the two possible uniform jet scenarios, i.e. assuming a homogeneous density profile (HM) or a wind density profile (WM) for the circumburst medium. Better constraints on $Ω_{M}$ and $Ω_Λ$ are obtained with the (tighter) $E_{\rm peak}$--$E_γ$ correlation derived in the wind density scenario. We explore the improvements to the constraints of the cosmological parameters that could be reached with a large sample, $\sim$ 150 GRBs, in the future. We study the possibility to calibrate the slope of these correlations. Our optimization analysis suggests that $\sim 12$ GRBs with redshift $z\in(0.9,1.1)$ can be used to calibrate the $E_{\rm peak}$--$E_γ$ with a precision better than 1%. The same precision is expected for the same number of bursts with $z\in(0.45,0.75)$. This result suggests that we do not necessarily need a large sample of low z GRBs for calibrating the slope of these correlations.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures, submitted to A&A
1998 MICHIGAN PRELIMINARY DAIRY FARM BUSINESS ANALYSIS AVERAGES
Creators: name: Nott, Sherrill B.
name: Nott, Sherrill B.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: Livestock Production/Industries

description: The following tables are presented as an early draft indicating what Michigan Dairy Farmers in the Telfarm accounting system achieved in terms of financial returns during 1998. Page 6 is for doing comparative business analysis on a cost per unit basis. These tables were developed using the Finansum software from the University of Minnesota. The format is nearly identical to that used for individual farms using Finpack's Finan to do their 1998 year end business analysis. A farm was included if 50 % or more of gross sales came from milk plus dairy livestock. The 47 farms averaged together in this report came from the following Michigan counties. Barry 2; Branch, 5; Calhoun 4; Eaton, 2; Hillsdale, 7; Jackson, 2; Kalamazoo, 2; Allegan, 5; Mason, 3; Mecosta, 3; Newaygo, 2; Osceola, 2; Ottawa, 2; and one each in Gladwin, Ingham, Ionia, Montcalm, Muskegon, and St. Joseph. These locations favor the South and West of Michigan. My thanks for early analyses submitted by Roger Betz and Vincent Greiner plus the MSUE agents who worked with them. These farms were not randomly selected. The are among the larger and better managed dairy farms in Michigan. A later paper will present dairy averages from nearly three times as many farms and they will come from more counties throughout the state.
Non-Abelian axial anomaly, axial-vector duality, and the pseudoscalar glueball
Creators: name: Khlebtsov, Sergey
name: Klopot, Yaroslav
name: Oganesian, Armen
name: Teryaev, Oleg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We generalize the dispersive approach to axial anomaly by A.D. Dolgov and V.I. Zakharov to a non-Abelian case with arbitrary photon virtualites. We derive the anomaly sum rule for the singlet current and obtain the $π^0,η,η'\rightarrowγγ^*$ transition form factors. Using them, we established the behavior of a nonperturbative gluon matrix element $\langle 0 |G\tilde{G} |γγ^*(q^2) \rangle$ in both spacelike and timelike regions. We found a significant contribution of the non-Abelian axial anomaly to the processes with one virtual photon, comparable to that of the electromagnetic anomaly. The duality between the axial and the vector channels was observed: the values of duality intervals and mixing parameters in the axial channel were related to vector resonances' masses and residues. The possibility of a light pseudoscalar glueball-like state is conjectured.
description: 22 pages, 15 figures. Revised version. Accepted for publication in PRD
Pre-peak ram pressure stripping in the Virgo cluster spiral galaxy NGC 4501
Creators: name: Vollmer, B.
name: Soida, M.
name: Chung, A.
name: van Gorkom, J. H.
name: Otmianowska-Mazur, K.
name: Beck, R.
name: Urbanik, M.
name: Kenney, J. D. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: VIVA HI observations of the Virgo spiral galaxy NGC 4501 are presented. The HI disk is sharply truncated to the southwest, well within the stellar disk. A region of low surface-density gas, which is more extended than the main HI disk, is discovered northeast of the galaxy center. These data are compared to existing 6cm polarized radio continuum emission, Halpha, and optical broad band images. We observe a coincidence between the western HI and polarized emission edges, on the one hand, and a faint Halpha emission ridge, on the other. The polarized emission maxima are located within the gaps between the spiral arms and the faint Halpha ridge. Based on the comparison of these observations with a sample of dynamical simulations with different values for maximum ram pressure and different inclination angles between the disk and the orbital plane,we conclude that ram pressure stripping can account for the main observed characteristics. NGC 4501 is stripped nearly edge-on, is heading southwest, and is ~200-300 Myr before peak ram pressure, i.e. its closest approach to M87. The southwestern ridge of enhanced gas surface density and enhanced polarized radio-continuum emission is due to ram pressure compression. It is argued that the faint western Halpha emission ridge is induced by nearly edge-on ram pressure stripping. NGC 4501 represents an especially clear example of early stage ram pressure stripping of a large cluster-spiral galaxy.
description: 22 pages, 25 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
Machine Learning for MU-MIMO Receive Processing in OFDM Systems
Creators: name: Goutay, Mathieu
name: Aoudia, Fayçal Ait
name: Hoydis, Jakob
name: Gorce, Jean-Marie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Machine learning (ML) starts to be widely used to enhance the performance of multi-user multiple-input multiple-output (MU-MIMO) receivers. However, it is still unclear if such methods are truly competitive with respect to conventional methods in realistic scenarios and under practical constraints. In addition to enabling accurate signal reconstruction on realistic channel models, MU-MIMO receive algorithms must allow for easy adaptation to a varying number of users without the need for retraining. In contrast to existing work, we propose an ML-enhanced MU-MIMO receiver that builds on top of a conventional linear minimum mean squared error (LMMSE) architecture. It preserves the interpretability and scalability of the LMMSE receiver, while improving its accuracy in two ways. First, convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are used to compute an approximation of the second-order statistics of the channel estimation error which are required for accurate equalization. Second, a CNN-based demapper jointly processes a large number of orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols and subcarriers, which allows it to compute better log likelihood ratios (LLRs) by compensating for channel aging. The resulting architecture can be used in the up- and downlink and is trained in an end-to-end manner, removing the need for hard-to-get perfect channel state information (CSI) during the training phase. Simulation results demonstrate consistent performance improvements over the baseline which are especially pronounced in high mobility scenarios.
description: 15 pages
Experimental neutrino physics
Creators: name: Zuber, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The current experimental status of neutrino physics is reviewed. It contains the evidences for a non-vanishing neutrino rest mass from neutrino oscillation searches. In addition an outlook is given on determining the various mixing matrix elements and mass differences more precisely with new experiments. Of special interest is the value of the mixing angle θ_{13} determining the possibility of detecting leptonic CP violation in the future. The prospect for absolute mass measurements using beta and double beta decay as well as cosmological observations is presented.
description: 11 pages, 11 figures, Inv. talk presented at the DPF 2004 meeting of the APS, Riverside, Aug. 2004
Noise-induced transition in a quantum system
Creators: name: Ghosh, Pulak Kumar
name: Barik, Debashis
name: Ray, Deb Shankar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the noise-induced transition in a fluctuating bistable potential of a driven quantum system in thermal equilibrium. Making use of a Wigner canonical thermal distribution for description of the statistical properties of the thermal bath, we explore the generic effects of quantization like vacuum field fluctuation and tunneling in the characteristic stationary probability distribution functions undergoing transition from unimodal to bimodal nature and in signal-to-noise ratio characterizing the co-operative effect among the noise processes and the weak periodic signal.
description: To appear on Physics Letters A
ISSUES AND ALTERNATIVES IN THE 1995 FARM BILL DEBATE: AN OVERVIEW OF THE FARM BILL
Creators: name: Batie, Sandra S.
name: Schweikhardt, David B.
name: Batie, Sandra S.
name: Schweikhardt, David B.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1994
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy

description: Nearly every aspect of Michigan Agriculture is affected by the farm bill. Farm program payments are a major source of income (25 percent of Michigan's net farm income in recent years has come from farm program payments - Figure 1), conservation compliance requirements are beginning to affect production decisions, and export programs affect market prices. All farmers in Michigan will be affected by the decisions made in 1995, regardless of whether they currently participate in farm programs or produce program crops.
A rotating disk around the very young massive star AFGL 490
Creators: name: Schreyer, K.
name: Semenov, D.
name: Henning, Th.
name: Forbrich, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We observed the embedded, young 8--10 Msun star AFGL 490 at subarcsecond resolution with the Plateau de Bure Interferometer in the C17O (2--1) transition and found convincing evidence that AFGL 490 is surrounded by a rotating disk. Using two-dimensional modeling of the physical and chemical disk structure coupled to line radiative transfer, we constrain its basic parameters. We obtain a relatively high disk mass of 1 Msun and a radius of ~ 1500 AU. A plausible explanation for the apparent asymmetry of the disk morphology is given.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures
MPEC 2024-T233 : 2010 TM4
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
INFORMATION AS A DOUBLE-EDGED SWORD: THE ECONOMIC AND WELFARE CONSEQUENCES OF CERTIFIED LABELING FOR CREDENCE ATTRIBUTES
Creators: name: Hoehn, John P.
name: Deaton, Brady J.
name: Hoehn, John P.
name: Deaton, Brady J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Certified labeling for credence attributes is examined using the concepts of pooled and separating equilibria. Credence attributes are product features that cannot be experienced directly by consumer, features such as pesticide-free, dolphin-safe, hormone-free, and organic. Without labeling, the traded good is a mix of credence and conventional goods. With certified labeling, the pooled market is replaced with separate markets for the credence and conventional good. Market outcomes are examined theoretically and with empirical simulations. Costless labeling is net welfare improving, but impacts are highly asymmetric. Credence producers gain largely at the expense of conventional producers. Costly labeling may reduce welfare even with rather modest labeling costs.
Optical valleytronics of impurity states in two-dimensional Dirac materials
Creators: name: Ko, Dogyun
name: Morozov, A. V.
name: Kovalev, V. M.
name: Savenko, I. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the valley selection rules for optical transitions from impurity states to the conduction band in two-dimensional Dirac materials, taking a monolayer of MoS2 as an example. We employ the analytical model of a shallow impurity potential which localizes electrons described by a spinor wave function, and, first, find the system eigenstates taking into account the presence of two valleys in the Brillouin zone. Then, we find the spectrum of the absorbance and calculate the photon-drag electric current due to the impurity-band transitions, drawing the general conclusions regarding the valley optical selection rules for the impurity-band optical transitions in gapped Dirac materials.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Higgs Coupling Measurements and the Scale of New Physics
Creators: name: Abu-Ajamieh, Fayez
name: Chang, Spencer
name: Chen, Miranda
name: Luty, Markus A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A primary goal of present and future colliders is measuring the Higgs couplings to Standard Model (SM) particles. Any observed deviation from the SM predictions for these couplings is a sign of new physics whose energy scale can be bounded from above by requiring tree-level unitarity. In this paper, we extend previous work on unitarity bounds from the Higgs cubic coupling to Higgs couplings to vector bosons and top quarks. We find that HL-LHC measurements of these couplings compatible with current experimental bounds may point to a scale that can be explored at the HL-LHC or a next-generation collider. Our approach is completely model-independent: we assume only that there are no light degrees of freedom below the scale of new physics, and allow arbitrary values for the infinitely many couplings beyond the SM as long as they are in agreement with current measurements. We also extend and clarify the methodology of this analysis, and show that if the scale of new physics is above the TeV scale, then the deviations can be described by the leading higher-dimension gauge invariant operator, as in the SM effective field theory.
description: 48 pages, 17 figures, added discussion on basis dependence of unitarity bounds. Final published version in JHEP
Salmonella pangenome genes
Creators: name: Kokkinias, Katherine
name: Wrighton, Kelly
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Our pangenome was created by concatenating our highest quality Salmonella short read metagenome assembled genome (Leleiwi et.al, 2023) and our best long read Salmonella assembled genome. After filtering duplicate genes at 99% minimum sequence identity using Mmseqs2 (Release 7-4e23d), our Salmonella pangenome is 99.99% identical to the Joint Genome Institute Salmonella isolate. Raw sequencing and MAGs used to generate this pangenome are available at NCBI under BioProject PRJNA348350.

The excel file (pangenome_annotations_mapping.xlsx) contains annotations of the Salmonella pangenome and unfiltered mapping of 34 fecal samples from 14 Salmonella infected mice fed either a fibrous chow diet or a high-fat diet. Genes were annotated using DRAM (v1.4.0). The unfiltered mapping file was generated in the methods described below. Reads were quality trimmed and had adapters removed using bbduk.sh (v38.89) and mapped to our Salmonella pangenome using bowtie2 (v2.4.5) using flags -D 10 -R 2 -N 0 -L 22 -i S,0,2.50. Mapping files were filtered for high sequence identity (≥97%) using reformat.sh and sorted by sequencing named using Samtools (v.1.9). Counts were then generated using htseq using flags -a 0 -t CDS -i ID --stranded=reverse (v21.0.1).

 More information about the mice, data processing, and the associated study can be found in our manuscript and our github.
2002 MICHIGAN FEEDER STEER BUSINESS ANALYSIS SUMMARY
Creators: name: Wittenberg, Eric
name: Black, J. Roy
name: Wittenberg, Eric
name: Black, J. Roy
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Livestock Production/Industries

description: This report summarizes the financial and production records of 10 Michigan feeder steer farms. To be included, the farms must have produced at least 50 percent of gross cash farm income from feeder steer sales. The records came from Michigan State University's TelFarm/MicroTel project, the Farm Credit Service system, or by AgriSolutions in Michigan. The values were pooled into averages for reporting purposes. Farm records were included if a farm financial summary was completed on 2002 data including beginning and ending balance sheets, plus income and expenses. The data were checked to verify that cash discrepancy was less than 10% of gross cash inflow and that debt discrepancy was less than $1,000. While considerable variation in the data exists, average values are reported in the summary tables below.
Jarzynski equality for conditional stochastic work
Creators: name: Sone, Akira
name: Deffner, Sebastian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has been established that the inclusive work for classical, Hamiltonian dynamics is equivalent to the two-time energy measurement paradigm in isolated quantum systems. However, a plethora of other notions of quantum work has emerged, and thus the natural question arises whether any other quantum notion can provide motivation for purely classical considerations. In the present analysis, we propose the conditional stochastic work for classical, Hamiltonian dynamics, which is inspired by the one-time measurement approach. This novel notion is built upon the change of expectation value of the energy conditioned on the initial energy surface. As main results we obtain a generalized Jarzynski equality and a sharper maximum work theorem, which account for how non-adiabatic the process is. Our findings are illustrated with the parametric harmonic oscillator.
description: v2: close to published version
The LF-ASD brain-computer interface : preliminary on-line identification of imagined finger flexions in spontaneous EEG
Creators: name: Bozorgzadeh, Ziba
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The brain-computer interface (BCI) has emerged as a potential and radically new mode of communication for users with neuromuscular impairments since it provides a communication channel based on human brain activity as opposed to peripheral nerves and muscles. The main goal of this research study was to test the effectiveness of the Low-Frequency Asynchronous Switch Design (LF-ASD) BCI technique, which has been designed to detect imagined finger flexion patterns in an asynchronous control environment. A system was developed to study the LF-ASD with imaginary movements in subjects with spinal cord injuries. The new system was evaluated in two studies in which able-bodied and spinal cord injured subjects were asked to control the LF-ASD through movement imagination. In addition to the self-reported errors (false positives and false negatives), another class of errors, "lucky hits" (LHs), was recognized and a methodology for its estimation was introduced. In Study 1, two able-bodied subjects were asked to imagine right-hand index finger flexions. The estimated system performance (including the L H estimation results) for Study 1 produced true positive (hit) rates in the range of 57% to 68% with corresponding false positive rates in the range of 1.2% to 3.4%. The algorithm was modified to reduce false positive rates and was tested in a second study with two subjects with spinal cord injuries. In Study 2, the estimated system performance (including the LH estimation results) produced hit rates in the range of 34.7% to 41.3% with corresponding false positive rates in the range of 0.1% to 1.0%. The results of these studies provided strong evidence that able-bodied subjects as well as SCI subjects can activate the on-line LF-ASD with imagined/attempted right-hand index finger flexions. The ensemble averages of the single-trial bipolar difference of F C ₁ - C ₁ electrode signals, as well as the monopolar electrode signals C ₁ , C [sub z] and C ₂ for uncontaminated hits for both studies provided further evidence that the LF-ASD feature set can be used to detect imagined voluntary movements by subjects with spinal cord injuries. The results of this research provide positive initial indications that the LF-ASD can be activated with imagined/attempted movements. This was a fundamental step in the development of the LF-ASD BCI system given that its design was based on two unverified assumptions that 1) imagined movements will have enough similarity with actual movements to drive the LF-ASD, and 2) people with spinal cord injuries can produce consistently detectable imagined voluntary movement-related patterns similar to able-bodied people. The work of this thesis provides further evidence that a BCI system based on the LF-ASD technique may be possible to assist people with a high level of motor impairment to control devices through the preparation or imagination of motor-related tasks.
COST OF ONION PRODUCTION IN SOUTHERN MICHIGAN
Creators: name: Dartt, Barbara
name: Black, J. Roy
name: Breinling, Jim
name: Morrone, Vicki
name: Dartt, Barbara
name: Black, J. Roy
name: Breinling, Jim
name: Morrone, Vicki
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: This bulletin represents a tool that can help producers, consultants, educators, and agribusinesses working with producers estimate costs of production and expected profit based on "typical" onion management strategies found in Michigan. Because sorting and packing practices differ widely throughout the industry, this budget DOES NOT include the costs of sorting, packing and bagging. It represents the cost to produce onions up to their delivery to a packing facility. The budget included in this bulletin will allow users to revise inputs based on their management strategies and calculate their expected cost and profit. This flexibility provides a decision aid to search for systems that generate higher net returns to the farm's resource base.
Salmonella pangenome genes
Creators: name: Kokkinias, Katherine
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Our pangenome was created by concatenating our highest quality Salmonella short read metagenome assembled genome (Leleiwi et.al, 2023) and our best long read Salmonella assembled genome. After filtering duplicate genes at 99% minimum sequence identity using Mmseqs2 (Release 7-4e23d), our Salmonella pangenome is 99.99% identical to the Joint Genome Institute Salmonella isolate. Raw sequencing and MAGs used to generate this pangenome are available at NCBI under BioProject PRJNA348350.
Antiferromagnetic to superconducting phase transition in the hole- and electron-doped Hubbard model at zero temperature
Creators: name: Aichhorn, M.
name: Arrigoni, E.
name: Potthoff, M.
name: Hanke, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The competition between d-wave superconductivity (SC) and antiferromagnetism (AF) in the high-Tc cuprates is investigated by studying the hole- and electron-doped two-dimensional Hubbard model with a recently proposed variational quantum-cluster theory. The approach is shown to provide a thermodynamically consistent determination of the particle number, provided that an overall shift of the on-site energies is treated as a variational parameter. The consequences for the single-particle excitation spectra and for the phase diagram are explored. By comparing the single-particle spectra with quantum Monte-Carlo (QMC) and experimental data, we verify that the low-energy excitations in a strongly-correlated electronic system are described appropriately. The cluster calculations also reproduce the overall ground-state phase diagram of the high-temperature superconductors. In particular, they include salient features such as the enhanced robustness of the antiferromagnetic state as a function of electron doping and the tendency towards phase separation into a mixed antiferromagnetic-superconducting phase at low-doping and a pure superconducting phase at high (both hole and electron) doping.
description: 13 pages, 10 figures, revised version accepted by PRB
Realization of a Decoherence-free, Optimally Distinguishable Mesoscopic Quantum Superposition
Creators: name: De Martini, Francesco
name: Sciarrino, Fabio
name: Secondi, Veronica
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the realization of an entangled quantum superposition of M=12 photons by a high gain, quantum-injected optical parametric amplification. The system is found so highly resilient against decoherence to exhibit directly accessible mesoscopic interference effects at normal temperature. By modern tomographic methods the non-separability and the quantum superposition are demonstrated for the overall mesoscopic output state of the dynamic ''closed system''. The device realizes the condition conceived by Erwin Schroedinger with his 1935 paradigmatic ''Cat'' apologue, a fundamental landmark in quantum mechanics.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures
COST OF CHIP POTATO PRODUCTION IN CENTRAL MICHIGAN
Creators: name: Dartt, Barbara
name: Black, J. Roy
name: Smucker, Don
name: Dartt, Barbara
name: Black, J. Roy
name: Smucker, Don
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: This bulletin represents a tool that can help producers, consultants, educators, and agribusinesses working with producers estimate costs of production and expected profit based on "typical" chip potato production management strategies found in Montcalm County, Michigan. The budget included in this bulletin will allow users to revise inputs based on their management strategies and calculate their expected cost and profit. This flexibility provides a decision aid to search for systems that generate higher net returns to the farm's resource base.
Stochastic parabolic equations with singular potentials
Creators: name: Gordić, Snežana
name: Levajković, Tijana
name: Oparnica, Ljubica
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60H15, 35K90, 60H40, 46F10, 46F9

description: In this work we consider a class of stochastic parabolic equations with singular space depending potential, random driving force and random initial condition. For the analysis of these equations we combine the chaos expansion method from the white noise analysis and the concept of very weak solutions. For given stochastic parabolic equation we introduce the notion of a stochastic very weak solution, prove the existence and uniqueness of the very weak solution to corresponding stochastic initial value problem and show its independence of a regularization on given singular potential. In addition, the consistency of a stochastic very weak solution with a stochastic weak solution is shown.
description: 29 pages
GenoPhenoEnvo Governance and Operations Manual
Creators: name: Munoz-Torres, Monica
name: Bartelme, Ryan
name: Brumar, Camelia
name: Chang, Remco
name: Conlin, Tom
name: Cooper, Laurel
name: Debnath, Ishita
name: Guo, Jessica
name: Heidorn, P. Bryan
name: Jaiswal, Pankaj
name: LeBauer, David S.
name: Pal, Debasmita
name: Riemer, Kristina
name: Ross, Arun
name: Swetnam, Tyson L.
name: Thessen, Anne E
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: This Governance and Operations Manual (GOM) defines standard operating procedures and various policies created to clarify, support, and further the goals of the Genomics, Phenotypes, and Environment (GenoPhenoEnvo) Research Team. This version was revised at the beginning of the second year of the project.
Federated Bandit: A Gossiping Approach
Creators: name: Zhu, Zhaowei
name: Zhu, Jingxuan
name: Liu, Ji
name: Liu, Yang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we study \emph{Federated Bandit}, a decentralized Multi-Armed Bandit problem with a set of $N$ agents, who can only communicate their local data with neighbors described by a connected graph $G$. Each agent makes a sequence of decisions on selecting an arm from $M$ candidates, yet they only have access to local and potentially biased feedback/evaluation of the true reward for each action taken. Learning only locally will lead agents to sub-optimal actions while converging to a no-regret strategy requires a collection of distributed data. Motivated by the proposal of federated learning, we aim for a solution with which agents will never share their local observations with a central entity, and will be allowed to only share a private copy of his/her own information with their neighbors. We first propose a decentralized bandit algorithm Gossip_UCB, which is a coupling of variants of both the classical gossiping algorithm and the celebrated Upper Confidence Bound (UCB) bandit algorithm. We show that Gossip_UCB successfully adapts local bandit learning into a global gossiping process for sharing information among connected agents, and achieves guaranteed regret at the order of $O(\max\{ \texttt{poly}(N,M) \log T, \texttt{poly}(N,M)\log_{λ_2^{-1}} N\})$ for all $N$ agents, where $λ_2\in(0,1)$ is the second largest eigenvalue of the expected gossip matrix, which is a function of $G$. We then propose Fed_UCB, a differentially private version of Gossip_UCB, in which the agents preserve $ε$-differential privacy of their local data while achieving $O(\max \{\frac{\texttt{poly}(N,M)}ε\log^{2.5} T, \texttt{poly}(N,M) (\log_{λ_2^{-1}} N + \log T) \})$ regret.
description: Accepted by ACM SIGMETRICS 2021
Wave function optimization in the variational Monte Carlo method
Creators: name: Sorella, Sandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An appropriate iterative scheme for the minimization of the energy, based on the variational Monte Carlo (VMC) technique, is introduced and compared with existing stochastic schemes. We test the various methods for the 1D Heisenberg ring and the 2D t-J model and show that, with the present scheme, very accurate and efficient calculations are possible, even for several variational parameters. Indeed, by using a very efficient statistical evaluation of the first and the second energy derivatives, it is possible to define a very rapidly converging iterative scheme that, within VMC, is much more convenient than the standard Newton method. It is also shown how to optimize simultaneously both the Jastrow and the determinantal part of the wave function.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, to be published in Phys. Rev B (Rapid Comm.)
17-year Report on the Owensboro-Hartford Co-operative Investigation of Joint Spacing in Concrete Pavements
Creators: name: Evans, Milton
name: Drake, William B.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 1959
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: In 1940, the Kentucky Department of Highways constructed an experimental concrete pavement which was one of a group of six built in co-operation with the Bureau of Public Roads by the States of Minnesota, California, Kentucky, Michigan, Missouri and Oregon. The purpose of these projects was to study and evaluate the performance of such pavements over a period of years with specific regard to types of joints and spacings. The Kentucky project, consisting of 6.27 miles, was constructed in Daviess County, beginning approximately 6 miles south of Owensboro on US Route 231 (formerly Ky. Route 71).  This report is a continuation of the 1940 joint-spacing and pavement performance study. A complete discussion of the original scope, purpose, and early performance of this project has been given in previous reports (l, 2, 3, and 4).  The present report is essentially a 17-yr. performance report but includes some data obtained through 1958. Subgrade, traffic, riding quality, and over-all condition data are provided.
Yb$_{2}$Pt$_{2}$Pb: Magnetic frustration in the Shastry-Sutherland lattice
Creators: name: Kim, M. S.
name: Bennett, M. C.
name: Aronson, M. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have synthesized single crystals of Yb$_{2}$Pt$_{2}$Pb, which crystallize in the layered U$_{2}$Pt$_{2}$Sn-type structure, where planes of Yb ions lie on a triangular network. We report here the first results of magnetization, specific heat, and electrical resistivity experiments. The lattice constants and high temperature magnetic susceptibility indicate that the Yb ions are trivalent, while Schottky peaks in the specific heat show that the ground state is a well isolated doublet. Significant magnetic anisotropy is observed, with the ratio of susceptibilities perpendicular and parallel to the magnetic planes differing by as much as a factor of 30 at the lowest temperatures. Antiferromagnetic order occurs at a Néel temperature $T_{\rm N}$=2.07 K, a transition temperature which is more than an order of magnitude smaller than the mean field interactions reflected by the in-plane Weiss temperature. Further evidence for short ranged magnetic fluctuations is found in the magnetic susceptibility and electrical resistivity, which have broad peaks above $T_{\rm N}$, and in the slow development of the magnetic entropy at $T_{\rm N}$. Our experiments indicate that Yb$_{2}$Pt$_{2}$Pb is a quasi-two dimensional and localized moment system, where strong magnetic frustration may arise from the geometry of the underlying Shastry-Sutherland lattice.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures
ANALYSIS OF PROJECTS WITH PRICE EFFECTS, AND APPLICATION TO INNOVATION AND TECHNICAL CHANGE
Creators: name: Oehmke, James F.
name: Crawford, Eric W.
name: Oehmke, James F.
name: Crawford, Eric W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: This paper provides an introduction to benefit-cost analysis of projects with price effects, intended for use in teaching. The impact of price changes on consumers' and producers' surplus under competitive market assumptions is presented graphically with linked numerical examples. The effect of demand and supply shifts on social surplus is then discussed, distinguishing the shift effect holding price constant from the price effects themselves. The distribution of gains and losses to consumers and producers is also evaluated. The analysis is then extended to include distortions such as price supports and ceiling prices. Applications to the evaluation of agricultural research impacts are then introduced, drawing on recent literature. An illustrative exercise based on maize research in Zambia is included.
description: Replaced with revised version of paper 04/21/06.
Nearly tight Trotterization of interacting electrons
Creators: name: Su, Yuan
name: Huang, Hsin-Yuan
name: Campbell, Earl T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We consider simulating quantum systems on digital quantum computers. We show that the performance of quantum simulation can be improved by simultaneously exploiting commutativity of the target Hamiltonian, sparsity of interactions, and prior knowledge of the initial state. We achieve this using Trotterization for a class of interacting electrons that encompasses various physical systems, including the plane-wave-basis electronic structure and the Fermi-Hubbard model. We estimate the simulation error by taking the transition amplitude of nested commutators of the Hamiltonian terms within the $η$-electron manifold. We develop multiple techniques for bounding the transition amplitude and expectation of general fermionic operators, which may be of independent interest. We show that it suffices to use $\left(\frac{n^{5/3}}{η^{2/3}}+n^{4/3}η^{2/3}\right)n^{o(1)}$ gates to simulate electronic structure in the plane-wave basis with $n$ spin orbitals and $η$ electrons, improving the best previous result in second quantization up to a negligible factor while outperforming the first-quantized simulation when $n=η^{2-o(1)}$. We also obtain an improvement for simulating the Fermi-Hubbard model. We construct concrete examples for which our bounds are almost saturated, giving a nearly tight Trotterization of interacting electrons.
description: 58 pages, 2 figures
The Design of Thin, Silica Sand-Asphalt, Wearing Surfaces for Highways and Bridges
Creators: name: Florence, Robert L.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 1959
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: This study was performed at the Highway Materials Research Laboratory in Lexington, Kentucky. In this study the various sands were combined with a sphalt cement of penetration 60 to 70 and tested by the Marshall method to determine the physical characteristics of the mixtures. Other variables investigated were the hardness of the asphalt cement and the amount of mineral filler. A coefficient of friction was determined, by means of a laboratory testing device, for each of the mixtures.  Due to the promising results of the laboratory testing, and the successful re-surfacing of bridges with silica sand-asphalt mixtures in the New York area; the Research Division of the Kentucky Department of Highways, in June 1958, recommended silica sand-asphalt for the re-surfacing of Clark Memorial Bridge in Louisville. All laboratory testing of sands up to that time had been of crushed sandstones. The lack of sands tone in the Louisville area led to an investigation of the possibility of blending locally available bank and river sands. Various blends of the river and bank sand were tested, with and without mineral filler; and it was concluded that a satisfactory mixture could be manufactured using these sands.
Real-time dynamics in Quantum Impurity Systems: A Time-dependent Numerical Renormalization Group Approach
Creators: name: Anders, Frithjof B.
name: Schiller, Avraham
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a general approach to the nonequilibrium dynamics of quantum impurity systems for arbitrary coupling strength. The numerical renormalization group is used to generate a complete basis set necessary for the correct description of the time evolution. We benchmark our method with the exact analytical solution for the resonant-level model. As a first application, we investigate the equilibration of a quantum dot subject to a sudden change of the gate voltage and external magnetic field. Two distinct relaxation times are identified for the spin and charge dynamics.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
Subcomplexes in Curved BGG-Sequences
Creators: name: Cap, Andreas
name: Soucek, Vladimir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 32V05, 53A40, 53B15, 53C15, 53D10, 58J10

description: BGG-sequences offer a uniform construction for invariant differential operators for a large class of geometric structures called parabolic geometries. For locally flat geometries, the resulting sequences are complexes, but in general the compositions of the operators in such a sequence are nonzero. In this paper, we show that under appropriate torsion freeness and/or semi-flatness assumptions certain parts of all BGG sequences are complexes. Several examples of structures, including quaternionic structures, hypersurface type CR structures and quaternionic contact structures are discussed in detail. In the case of quaternionic structures we show that several families of complexes obtained in this way are elliptic.
description: 29 pages, no figures