Homoneura (Homoneura) falcata Shi & Yang, 2014, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Shi, Li
name: Yang, Ding
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Lauxaniidae
Homoneura
Homoneura falcata

description: Homoneura (Homoneura) falcata sp. nov.
(Figs 6, 107–111)
Diagnosis. Frons with a brown medial stripe. Antennal 1st flagellomere brown on apical 1/2. Mesonotum with two narrow brown medial stripes. Wing with two brown thin transverse stripe-like spots between r-m and apical spot on R4+5, a brown thin transverse stripe-like spot between dm-cu and apical spot on M1; brown clouds on r-m and dmcu, a brown round apical spot at tip of Sc and R1.
Description. MALE. Body length 3.3–3.7 mm, wing length 3.4–3.7 mm. FEMALE. Body length 3.3 mm, wing length 3.7 mm.
Head yellow. Frons about as long as wide and parallel-sided, with a pair of brown medial stripes, not extending to ocellar triangle; ocellar triangle brown; oc as long as anterior or, anterior or longer than 1/2 length of posterior or; gena about 1/7 height of eye. Antenna yellow, 1st flagellomere brown on apical 1/2, 1.5 times longer than high; arista black except for brownish base, ray short plumose, with longest ray as long as 1/2 width of 1st flagellomere. Proboscis pale brownish yellow and palpus yellow except for blackish brown at tip.
Thorax brownish yellow with grayish white pruinosity. Mesonotum with two narrow brownish medial stripes, extending to tip of scutellum, 0+3 dc (1st post-sutural dc far from transverse suture), acr in 6 rows; prsc shorter than 1st post-sutural dc. Legs yellow, all tarsi brownish yellow; fore femur with 4 strong pv and 6 pd, ctenidium with 10 short setae; fore tibia with 1 long preapical ad and 1 short apv. Mid femur with 5 a and 1 app; mid tibia with 1 strong preapical ad and 2 strong apv. Hind femur with 1 preapical ad; hind tibia with 1 weak preapical ad and 1 short apv. Wing (Fig. 6) pale yellow, with brown spots; two thin transverse stripe-like spots between r-m and apical spot on R4+5, preapical spot on R2+3 confluent with a thin transverse stripe-like spot on R4+5; brown apical spots on R4+5 and M1 slightly confluent, a thin transverse stripe-like spot between dm-cu and apical spot on M1; penultimate section of CuA1 with a thin transverse stripe-like spot on apical 1/2, brown clouds on r-m and dm-cu, a brown round apical spot at tip of Sc and R1; costa with 2nd (between R1 and R2+3), 3rd (between R2+3 and R4+5) and 4th (between R4+5 and M1) sections in proportion of 4.5:1.7:1; r-m at middle of discal cell; ultimate and penultimate sections of M 1 in proportion of 1:1.4; ultimate section of CuA1 about 1/9 of penultimate. Halter pale yellow.
Abdomen brownish yellow. Male genitalia (Figs 107–111): syntergosternite circular with ventral bridge; epandrium broad apically in lateral view; surstylus with a long hairy falcate process; hypandrium H-shaped, postgonite long columnal; aedeagus narrow apically and curved backward in lateral view, aedeagal apodeme longer than aedeagus.
Type material. Holotype ♂ (CAUC), CHINA, Hainan Province: Baisha, Yinggeling National Nature Reserve, Hongmao village, 430 m, 22. V. 2007, Junhua Zhang. Paratypes: CHINA, Hainan Province: 1 ♀ (CAUC), Baisha, Yinggeling National Nature Reserve, Hongmao village, 430 m, 21. V. 2007, Junhua Zhang; 1 ♂ (CAUC), Ledong, Jianfengling National Nature Reserve, Plant garden, 800 m, 18. V. 2006, Hui Dong; 1 ♂ (CAUC), Changjiang, Bawangling National Nature Reserve, Donger station, 1000 m, 24. V. 2007, Kuiyan Zhang.
Distribution. China (Hainan).
Remarks. The new species is similar to Homoneura (Homoneura) centralis Sasakawa from Malaysia (Borneo) in wing with two brown spots between r-m and apical spot on R4+5, frons with a brown medial stripe and mesonotum with two narrow brown medial stripes, but it can be separated from the latter by the surstylus having a long falcate process with setulae, the hypandrium being H-shaped and the aedeagal apodeme being longer than the aedeagus. In H. (H.) centralis, the surstylus has a long process with an apical tip and a narrow short process; the hypandrium is nearly Y-shaped; the aedeagal apodeme is shorter than the aedeagus (Sasakawa, 1992). It is also similar to H. (H.) lombokensis Hennig, photos in SDEI
Etymology. Latin, falcata, meaning falcate, referring to the surstylus with a long falcate process; a feminine adjective.
description: Published as part of Shi, Li & Yang, Ding, 2014, Supplements to species groups of the subgenus Homoneura in China (Diptera: Lauxaniidae: Homoneura), with descriptions of twenty new species, pp. 1-117 in Zootaxa 3890 (1) on pages 25-26, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3890.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/250637