cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Universality of Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction effect over domain-wall creep and flow regimes
Creators: name: Kim, Duck-Ho
name: Yoo, Sang-Cheol
name: Kim, Dae-Yun
name: Min, Byoung-Chul
name: Choe, Sug-Bong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Chirality causes diverse phenomena in nature such as the formation of biological molecules, antimatters, non-collinear spin structures, and magnetic skyrmions. The chirality in magnetic materials is often caused by the noncollinear exchange interaction, called the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI). The DMI produces topological spin alignments such as the magnetic skyrmions and chiral domain walls (DWs). In the chiral DWs, the DMI generates an effective magnetic field $H_{DMI}$, resulting in a peculiar DW speed variation in the DW creep regime. However, the role of $H_{DMI}$ over the different DW-dynamics regimes remains elusive, particularly due to recent observation of distinct behaviors between the creep and flow regimes. We hereby demonstrate experimentally that the role of $H_{DMI}$ is invariant over the creep and flow regimes. In the experiments, the pure DMI effect is quantified by decomposing the symmetric and antisymmetric contributions of the DW motion. The results manifest that the antisymmetric contribution vanishes gradually across the creep and flow regimes, revealing that the symmetric contribution from $H_{DMI}$ is unchanged. Though the DW dynamics is governed by distinct mechanisms, the present observation demonstrates the uniqueness of the DMI effect on the DWs over the creep and flow regimes.
description: 19 pages, 4 figures
Growth and Geometry Split in Light of the DES-Y3 Survey
Creators: name: Zhong, Kunhao
name: Saraivanov, Evan
name: Miranda, Vivian
name: Xu, Jiachuan
name: Eifler, Tim
name: Krause, Elisabeth
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We test the smooth dark energy paradigm using Dark Energy Survey (DES) Year 1 and Year 3 weak lensing and galaxy clustering data. Within the $Λ$CDM and $w$CDM model we separate the expansion and structure growth history by splitting $Ω_\mathrm{m}$ (and $w$) into two meta-parameters that allow for different evolution of growth and geometry in the Universe. We consider three different combinations of priors on geometry from CMB, SNIa, BAO, BBN that differ in constraining power but have been designed such that the growth information comes solely from the DES weak lensing and galaxy clustering. For the DES-Y1 data we find no detectable tension between growth and geometry meta-parameters in both the $Λ$CDM and $w$CDM parameter space. This statement also holds for DES-Y3 cosmic shear and 3x2pt analyses. For the combination of DES-Y3 galaxy-galaxy lensing and galaxy clustering (2x2pt) we measure a tension between our growth and geometry meta-parameters of 2.6$σ$ in the $Λ$CDM and 4.48$σ$ in the $w$CDM model space, respectively. We attribute this tension to residual systematics in the DES-Y3 RedMagic galaxy sample rather than to new physics. We plan to investigate our findings further using alternative lens samples in DES-Y3 and future weak lensing and galaxy clustering datasets.
description: 19 pages, 14 figures, to be submitted
Comparative study of the 1-2 exchange symmetries in neutrino frameworks with global and local validities
Creators: name: Minakata, Hisakazu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new picture ``one-resonance - one-symmetry'' has been proposed recently to reveal nature of the reparametrization symmetry in neutrino oscillation in matter and where it resides: Symmetry of $i \leftrightarrow j$ state-exchange type exists at around a resonance with $i$ and $j$ being the states which participate in the level crossing. Consistently, the 1-2 and 1-3 state exchange symmetries are identified at around the solar and atmospheric resonances, respectively, in the locally-valid frameworks. On the other hand, the Denton {\it et al.} (DMP) perturbation theory, a globally-valid framework, has the 1-2 exchange symmetry which is akin to the one in the aforementioned solar-resonance perturbation (SRP) theory. In our picture, the symmetry must be associated with the resonance, not the framework, and if so these two 1-2 symmetries must be identical to each other. We conduct a comparative study of the 1-2 symmetries possessed by SRP and DMP to confirm their identity. An almost identity is verified, but in a highly nontrivial way.
description: version published in Acta Physica Polonica B
Analysis of hadron yield data within hadron resonance gas model with multi-component eigenvolume corrections
Creators: name: Vovchenko, Volodymyr
name: Stoecker, Horst
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the sensitivity of thermal fits to heavy-ion hadron yield data of ALICE and NA49 collaborations to the systematic uncertainties in the hadron resonance gas (HRG) model related to the modeling of the eigenvolume interactions. We find a surprisingly large sensitivity in extraction of chemical freeze-out parameters to the assumptions regarding eigenvolumes of different hadrons. We additionally study the effect of including yields of light nuclei into the thermal fits to LHC data and find even larger sensitivity to the modeling of their eigenvolumes. The inclusion of light nuclei yields, thus, may lead to further destabilization of thermal fits. Our results show that modeling of eigenvolume interactions plays a crucial role in thermodynamics of HRG and that conclusions based on a non-interacting HRG are not unique.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures. Contribution to the proceedings of the conference Strangeness in Quark Matter 2016 (SQM2016), Berkeley, CA, USA, June 27 - July 1, 2016
The Global Distribution and Epidemiology of Psychoactive Substance Use and Injection Drug Use Among Street-Involved Children and Youth: A Meta-Analysis
Creators: name: Armoon, Bahram
name: Griffiths, Mark D.
name: Mohammadi, Rasool
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Mental Health
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Background: Globally, street-involved children and youth (SICY) who work and live on/of the streets are at higher risk of increased psychoactive substances and injecting drug use. Objectives: The present study aimed to identify the prevalence, distribution, sociodemographic factors, and risk-taking behaviors associated with psychoactive substances and injecting drug use among SICY. Methods: Studies in English published from December 1 1985 to July 1 2022, were searched for on PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane, and Web of Science to identify primary studies on psychoactive substances and injecting drug use among SICY. The pooled-prevalence estimates were obtained using a robust fixed-effects model. Results: The most commonly reported life-time and current psychoactive substance was tobacco followed by cannabis, LSD/ecstasy, cocaine, methamphetamine, heroin and injection drug use. The results showed that life-time and current prevalence of methamphetamine and cannabis use, as well as life-time prevalence of cocaine, LSD/ecstasy, heroin, tobacco, and injecting drug use increased as age rose while current prevalence of cocaine and tobacco use decreased as age rose. SICY who were male, homeless, had parents who had died, had history of substance use among family members or best friends, had experienced violence, had casual sex partners, had a history of working in the sex trade, and had unprotected sex were all related to psychoactive substance use and injecting drug use. Conclusions: Research examining this population suffers from lack of studies, therefore, improving the knowledge for interventions aimed at reducing risk behaviors, particularly those related to the transmission of sexually transmitted infections such as HIV is of great importance.
Advancing carrier transport models for InAs/GaSb type-II superlattice MWIR photodetectors
Creators: name: Kumar, Rohit
name: Mandia, Anup Kumar
name: Singh, Anuja
name: Muralidharan, Bhaskaran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In order to provide the best possible performance, modern infrared photodetector designs necessitate extremely precise modeling of the superlattice absorber region. We advance the Rode's method for the Boltzmann transport equation in conjunction with the $\bf k.p$ band structure and the envelope function approximation for a detailed computation of the carrier mobility and conductivity of layered type-II superlattice structures, using which, we unravel two crucial insights. First, the significance of both elastic and inelastic scattering mechanisms, particularly the influence of the interface roughness and polar optical phonon scattering mechanisms in technologically relevant superlattice structures. Second, that the structure-specific Hall mobility and Hall scattering factor reveals that temperature and carrier concentrations significantly affect the Hall scattering factor, which deviates significantly from unity even for small magnetic fields. This reinforces the caution that should be exercised when employing the Hall scattering factor in experimental estimations of drift mobilities and carrier concentrations. Our research hence offers a comprehensive microscopic understanding of carrier dynamics in such technologically relevant superlattices. Our models also provide highly accurate and precise transport parameters beyond the relaxation time approximation and thereby paving the way to develop physics-based device modules for mid-wavelength infrared photodetectors.
description: 13 pages, 14 figures, comments welcome
Isospin Mass Differences of the $B$, $D$ and $K$
Creators: name: Rowe, Matthew
name: Zwicky, Roman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the electromagnetic mass difference for the $B$-, $D$- and $K$-mesons using QCD sum rules with double dispersion relations. For the $B$- and $D$-mesons we also compute the linear quark mass correction, whereas for the $K$ the standard soft theorems prove more powerful. The mass differences, which have not previously been computed via a double dispersion, are fully consistent with experiment, albeit with large uncertainties.
description: pp17 plus refs and 2 figures
Cosmological-Scale Lyman-alpha Forest Absorption Around Galaxies and AGN Probed with the HETDEX and SDSS Spectroscopic Data
Creators: name: Sun, Dongsheng
name: Mawatari, Ken
name: Ouchi, Masami
name: Ono, Yoshiaki
name: Yajima, Hidenobu
name: Zhang, Yechi
name: Abe, Makito
name: Bowman, William P.
name: Cooper, Erin Mentuch
name: Davis, Dustin
name: Farrow, Daniel J.
name: Gebhardt, Karl
name: Hill, Gary J.
name: Liu, Chenxu
name: Schneider, Donald P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present cosmological-scale 3-dimensional (3D) neutral hydrogen ({\sc Hi}) tomographic maps at $z=2-3$ over a total of 837 deg$^2$ in two blank fields that are developed with Ly$α$ forest absorptions of 14,736 background Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) quasars at $z$=2.08-3.67. Using the tomographic maps, we investigate the large-scale ($\gtrsim 10$ $h^{-1}$cMpc) average {\sc Hi} radial profiles and two-direction profiles of the line-of-sight (LoS) and transverse (Trans) directions around galaxies and AGN at $z=2-3$ identified by the Hobby-Eberly Telescope Dark Energy eXperiment (HETDEX) and SDSS surveys, respectively. The peak of the {\sc Hi} radial profile around galaxies is lower than the one around AGN, suggesting that the dark-matter halos of galaxies are less massive on average than those of AGN. The LoS profile of AGN is narrower than the Trans profile, indicating the Kaiser effect. There exist weak absorption outskirts at $\gtrsim 30$ $h^{-1}$cMpc beyond {\sc Hi} structures of galaxies and AGN found in the LoS profiles that can be explained by the {\sc Hi} gas at $\gtrsim 30$ $h^{-1}$cMpc falls toward the source positions. Our findings indicate that the {\sc Hi} radial profile of AGN has transitions from proximity zones ($\lesssim$ a few $h^{-1}$cMpc) to the {\sc Hi} structures ($\sim 1-30$ $h^{-1}$cMpc) and the weak absorption outskirts ($\gtrsim 30$ $h^{-1}$cMpc). Although there is no significant dependence of AGN types (type-1 vs. type-2) on the {\sc Hi} profiles, the peaks of the radial profiles anti-correlate with AGN luminosities, suggesting that AGN's ionization effects are stronger than the gas mass differences.
description: 26 pages, 32 figures, accepted to ApJ
Extending the Discovery Potential for Inelastic-Dipole Dark Matter with FASER
Creators: name: Dienes, Keith R.
name: Feng, Jonathan L.
name: Fieg, Max
name: Huang, Fei
name: Lee, Seung J.
name: Thomas, Brooks
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Neutral particles are notoriously difficult to observe through electromagnetic interactions. As a result, they naturally elude detection in most collider detectors. In this paper, we point out that neutral particles that interact through a dipole interaction can nevertheless be detected in far-forward detectors designed to search for long-lived particles (LLPs). In contrast to previous analyses that focused on neutral particles with elastic interactions, we consider inelastic interactions. This naturally leads to LLPs, and we demonstrate that FASER (and future experiments at the Forward Physics Facility) will be able to probe substantial regions of the associated parameter space. In particular, we find that FASER is capable of probing the region of parameter space wherein thermal freeze-out gives rise to an $\mathcal{O}$(GeV) dark-matter candidate with the appropriate relic abundance, as well as regions of parameter space that are difficult to probe at fixed-target experiments. FASER and its successor experiments may therefore play a critical role in the discovery of such a dark-matter candidate.
description: 24 pages, LaTeX, 5 figures, 1 table
How Do Axisymmetric Black Holes Grow Monopole and Dipole Hair?
Creators: name: R, Abhishek Hegade K
name: Most, Elias R.
name: Noronha, Jorge
name: Witek, Helvi
name: Yunes, Nicolás
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the dynamical formation of scalar monopole and dipole hair in scalar Gauss-Bonnet theory and dynamical Chern-Simons theory. We prove that the spherically-symmetric mode of the dipole hair is completely determined by the product of the mass of the spacetime and the value of the monopole hair. We then show that the dynamics of the $\ell=1$ mode of the dipole hair is intimately tied to the appearance of the event horizon during axisymmetric collapse, which results in the radiation of certain modes that could have been divergent in the future of the collapse. We confirm these analytical predictions by simulating the gravitational collapse of a rapidly rotating neutron star in the decoupling limit, both in scalar Gauss-Bonnet and dynamical Chern-Simons theory. Our results, combined with those of Ref.~\cite{R:2022cwe}, provide a clear physical picture of the dynamics of scalar monopole and dipole radiation in axisymmetric and spherical gravitational collapse in these theories.
description: v2-matches published version in PRD
Optical and Ultraviolet Observations of the Very Young Type IIP SN 2014cx in NGC 337
Creators: name: Huang, Fang
name: Wang, Xiaofeng
name: Zampieri, Luca
name: Pumo, Maria Letizia
name: Arcavi, Iair
name: Brown, Peter J.
name: Graham, Melissa L.
name: Filippenko, Alexei V.
name: Zheng, WeiKang
name: Hosseinzadeh, Griffin
name: Howell, D. Andrew
name: McCully, Curtis
name: Rui, Liming
name: Valenti, Stefano
name: Zhang, Tianmeng
name: Zhang, Jujia
name: Zhang, Kaicheng
name: Wang, Lifan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Extensive photometric and spectroscopic observations are presented for SN 2014cx, a type IIP supernova (SN) exploding in the nearby galaxy NGC 337. The observations are performed in optical and ultraviolet bands, covering from -20 to +400 days from the peak light. The stringent detection limit from prediscovery images suggests that this supernova was actually detected within about 1 day after explosion. Evolution of the very early-time light curve of SN 2014cx is similar to that predicted from a shock breakout and post-shock cooling decline before reaching the optical peak. Our photometric observations show that SN 2014cx has a plateau duration of ~ 100 days, an absolute V-band magnitude of ~ -16.5 mag at t~50 days, and a nickel mass of 0.056+-0.008 Msun. The spectral evolution of SN 2014cx resembles that of normal SNe IIP like SN 1999em and SN 2004et, except that it has a slightly higher expansion velocity (~ 4200 km/s at 50 days). From the cooling curve of photospheric temperature, we derive that the progenitor has a pre-explosion radius of ~ 640 Rsun, consistent with those obtained from SNEC modeling (~ 620 Rsun) and hydrodynamical modeling of the observables (~ 570 Rsun). Moreover, the hydrodynamical simulations yield a total explosion energy of ~ 0.4*10e51 erg, and an ejected mass of ~ 8 Msun. These results indicate that the immediate progenitor of SN 2014cx is likely a red supergiant star with a mass of ~ 10 Msun.
description: 47 pages, 12 figures and 7 tables. Accepted by ApJ
Cumulative Memory Lower Bounds for Randomized and Quantum Computation
Creators: name: Beame, Paul
name: Kornerup, Niels
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: F.2.3
subject: 68Q17

description: Cumulative memory -- the sum of space used per step over the duration of a computation -- is a fine-grained measure of time-space complexity that was introduced to analyze cryptographic applications like password hashing. It is a more accurate cost measure for algorithms that have infrequent spikes in memory usage and are run in environments such as cloud computing that allow dynamic allocation and de-allocation of resources during execution, or when many multiple instances of an algorithm are interleaved in parallel. We prove the first lower bounds on cumulative memory complexity for both sequential classical computation and quantum circuits. Moreover, we develop general paradigms for bounding cumulative memory complexity inspired by the standard paradigms for proving time-space tradeoff lower bounds that can only lower bound the maximum space used during an execution. The resulting lower bounds on cumulative memory that we obtain are just as strong as the best time-space tradeoff lower bounds, which are very often known to be tight. Although previous results for pebbling and random oracle models have yielded time-space tradeoff lower bounds larger than the cumulative memory complexity, our results show that in general computational models such separations cannot follow from known lower bound techniques and are not true for many functions. Among many possible applications of our general methods, we show that any classical sorting algorithm with success probability at least $1/\text{poly}(n)$ requires cumulative memory $\tilde Ω(n^2)$, any classical matrix multiplication algorithm requires cumulative memory $Ω(n^6/T)$, any quantum sorting circuit requires cumulative memory $Ω(n^3/T)$, and any quantum circuit that finds $k$ disjoint collisions in a random function requires cumulative memory $Ω(k^3n/T^2)$.
description: 42 pages, 4 figures, accepted to track A of ICALP 2023
Angle-resolved photoemission studies of uniaxial stress-driven Lifshitz transitions in the bulk and surface electronic structure of Sr₂RuO₄
Creators: name: Abarca Morales, Edgar
Publisher: name: The University of St Andrews
Year: 2023
Subjects: Strongly correlated electron systems
Lifshitz transitions
Sr₂RuO₄

description: In experimental condensed matter physics, the utilisation of momentum-resolved probes has proven valuable in disentangling the underpinning effects driving the formation of rich collective states in quantum materials. Furthermore, the ability to tune relevant features in the electronic structure and control the breaking of particular symmetries, comprises a powerful route to stabilise phases and electronic states that are not available naturally to equilibrium chemistry. In this work, I show how one can simultaneously benefit from both approaches, specifically, with the development of a technique combining angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) with the application of uniaxial stress. After a thorough discussion of the experimental method, I show its capabilities in the normal state of the unconventional superconductor Sr₂RuO₄, where the application of uniaxial pressure has recently been shown to more than double the transition temperature, leading to a peak in Tc versus strain. We directly visualise how uniaxial stress drives a Lifshitz transition of one of its three Fermi surfaces, which is in close proximity to a van Hove singularity (vHS), and we point to the key role of strain-tuning the vHS to the Fermi level in mediating the peak in Tc. Our measurements also provide stringent constraints for theoretical models of the strain-tuned electronic structure evolution of Sr₂RuO₄. In the bilayer sister compound Sr₃Ru₂O₇, in-plane rotations of the RuO₆ octahedra and the corresponding doubling of the in-plane unit cell turn the vHS into higher (4th) order. Tuning this extended vHS to the Fermi level with large magnetic fields is thought to drive an exotic nematic state to emerge, which exhibits signatures of quantum criticality. Interestingly, the octahedra rotations that characterise Sr₃Ru₂O₇ are also found in the surface layer of Sr₂RuO₄, potentially making such states accessible also at the surface of the single-layer compound. In this work, I show the evolution of the electronic structure at the surface layer of Sr₂RuO₄ under large in-plane uniaxial stress. From ARPES, we show how the induced strain drives a sequence of Lifshitz transitions, fundamentally reshaping the low-energy electronic structure and the rich spectrum of vHSs that the surface layer of Sr₂RuO₄ hosts. From comparison of tight-binding modelling to our measured dispersions, I show that, surprisingly, the strain is accommodated predominantly by bond-length changes rather than modifications of the octahedral tilt and rotation angles, thus shedding new light on the nature of structural distortions at oxide surfaces, and how targeted control of these can be used to tune density of states singularities to the Fermi level, in turn paving the way to the possible realisation of rich collective states at the surface of Sr₂RuO₄.
ADENIUM -- A demonstrator for a next-generation beam telescope at DESY
Creators: name: Liu, Yi
name: Feng, Changqing
name: Gregor, Ingrid-Maria
name: Herkert, Adrian
name: Huth, Lennart
name: Stanitzki, Marcel
name: Teng, Yao
name: Yang, Chenfei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High-resolution beam telescopes for charged particle tracking are one of the most important and equally demanding infrastructure items at test beam facilities. The main purpose of beam telescopes is to provide precise reference track information of beam particles to measure the performance of a device under test (DUT). In this report the development of the ADENIUM beam telescope (ALPIDE sensor based DESY Next test beam Instrument) as a demonstrator and prototype for a next-generation beam telescope is presented. The ADENIUM beam telescope features up to six pixelated reference planes framed by plastic scintillators for triggering. ADENIUM is capable of replacing the currently used EUDET-type beam telescopes without impacting existing DUT implementations due to the integration of the telescope DAQ into EUDAQ2. In this report the concept and design of the ADENIUM telescope as well as its performance are discussed. The telescope's pointing resolution is determined in different configurations. For an optimal setup at an momentum of 5.6 GeV with an ALPIDE as DUT, a resolution better than 3 um has been extracted. No rate limitations have been observed at the DESY II test beam.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures
A Finite Element Formulation to Three-Dimensionally Resolve Space-Charge Layers in Solid Electrolytes
Creators: name: Sinzig, Stephan
name: Hollweck, Thomas
name: Schmidt, Christoph P.
name: Wall, Wolfgang A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: All-solid-state batteries are seen as promising candidates to replace conventional batteries with liquid electrolytes in many applications. However, they are not yet feasible for many relevant applications. One particular question of interest is the identification of physical effects inside all-solid-state batteries and their quantitative influence on the performance of the entire battery cell. Simulation models can contribute to answering the aforementioned question by systematical studies, e.g. enabling or disabling certain physical effects. Especially the influence of space-charge layers (SCLs) is heavily discussed in the scientific community. So far, the different length scales of SCLs and the microstructure of a battery cell made a spatial discretization of realistic microstructures with resolved SCLs infeasible. However, thermodynamically consistent continuum models which are applied to simplified geometries are already established in the literature. In this work, we propose a model that enables the prediction of the spatial development of SCLs within geometrically resolved microstructures by exploiting that effects in SCLs are predominantly one-dimensional. With the proposed approach it is possible to quantify the geometric influence of realistic microstructures on the formation process of SCLs. SCLs in realistic microstructures remarkably differ from SCLs computed with simplified one-dimensional models which are already established in the literature.
The [Ne III] Jet of DG Tau and its Ionization Scenarios
Creators: name: Liu, Chun-Fan
name: Shang, Hsien
name: Herczeg, Gregory J.
name: Walter, Frederick M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Forbidden neon emission from jets of low-mass young stars can be used to probe the underlying high-energy processes in these systems. We analyze spectra of the jet of DG Tau obtained with the Very Large Telescope/X-Shooter spectrograph in 2010. [Ne III] $λ$3869 is clearly detected in the innermost 3" microjet and the outer knot located at $\sim$6".5. The velocity structure of the inner microjet can be decomposed into the low-velocity component (LVC) at $\sim -70$ km/s and the high-velocity component (HVC) at $\sim -180$ km/s. Based on the observed [Ne III] flux and its spatial extent, we suggest the origins of the [Ne III] emission regions and their relation with known X-ray sources along the jet. The flares from the hard X-ray source close to the star may be the main ionization source of the innermost microjet. The fainter soft X-ray source at 0".2 from the star may provide sufficient heating to help to sustain the ionization fraction against the recombination in the flow. The outer knot may be reionized by shocks faster than 100 km/s such that [Ne III] emission reappears and that the soft X-ray emission at 5".5 is produced. Velocity decomposition of the archival Hubble Space Telescope spectra obtained in 1999 shows that the HVC had been faster, with a velocity centroid of $\sim -260$ km/s. Such a decrease in velocity may potentially be explained by the expansion of the stellar magnetosphere, changing the truncation radius and thus the launching speed of the jet. The energy released by magnetic reconnections during relaxation of the transition can heat the gas up to several tens of megakelvin and provide the explanation for on-source keV X-ray flares that ionize the neon microjet.
Quench Dynamics of Thermal Bose Gases Across Wide and Narrow Feshbach
Creators: name: Yang, Xiaoyi
name: Zhang, Ren
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using high-temperature virial expansion, we study the quench dynamics of the thermal Bose gases near a wide, narrow, and intermediate Feshbach resonance. Our results show that the shallow bound state near Feshbach resonance leads to interesting phenomena. Near the wide Feshbach resonance, the long-time $\hat{n}_{\bf k}$ oscillates when the scattering length $a_{s}$ is quenched from zero to large but with finite positive values. The oscillation frequency $ω=E_{\rm b}/\hbar$ with $E_{\rm b}$ being the binding energy. When $a_{s}$ is quenched to infinity or negative value, the oscillation vanishes. Near the narrow Feshbach resonance, the interaction should be characterized by a two-channel model. When the background scattering length $a_{\rm bg}\gtrsimλ$, there is an oscillation in the long-time dynamics, and the frequency is determined by the energy of the shallow bound state in the open channel. When $a_{\rm bg}<0$ or $0
description: 6+4 pages, 4+2 figures
Spin-1/2 sub-dynamics nested in the quantum dynamics of two coupled qutrits
Creators: name: Grimaudo, R.
name: Messina, A.
name: Ivanov, P. A.
name: Vitanov, N. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we investigate the quantum dynamics of two spin-1 systems, $\vec{\textbf{S}}_1$ and $\vec{\textbf{S}}_2$, adopting a generalized $(\vec{\textbf{S}}_1+\vec{\textbf{S}}_2)^2$-nonconserving Heisenberg model. We show that, due to its symmetry property, the nine-dimensional dynamics of the two qutrits exactly decouples into the direct sum of two sub-dynamics living in two orthogonal four- and five-dimensional subspaces. Such a reduction is further strengthened by our central result consisting in the fact that in the four-dimensional dynamically invariant subspace, the two qutrits quantum dynamics, with no approximations, is equivalent to that of two non interacting spin 1/2's. The interpretative advantages stemming from such a remarkable and non-intuitive nesting are systematically exploited and various intriguing features consequently emerging in the dynamics of the two qutrits are deeply scrutinised. The possibility of exploiting the dynamical reduction brought to light in this paper for exactly treating as well time-dependent versions of our Hamiltonian model is briefly discussed.
description: 14 pages, 11 figures; Last two authors name corrected, corrected typos, Fig. 11 changed (same result)
$H_0$ Tension in Torsion-based Modified Gravity
Creators: name: Mandal, Sanjay
name: Sokoliuk, Oleksii
name: Mishra, Sai Swagat
name: Sahoo, P. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The rising concern in the Hubble constant tension ($H_0$ tension) of the cosmological models motivates the scientific community to search for alternative cosmological scenarios that could resolve the $H_0$ tension. In this regard, we aim to work on a torsion-based modified theory of gravity which is an alternative description to the coherence model. We solve numerically for the Hubble parameter using two exponential Lagrangian functions of torsion $T$ and a trace of energy-momentum tensor $\mathcal{T}$ for the dust case. Further, we constrain the cosmological and model parameters; to do that, we use Hubble, SNe Ia, Baryon Acoustic Oscillations, Cosmic Microwave Background samples, and Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) simulation through Bayesian statistics. We obtain the values of Hubble constant $H_0$ for our model, and the outputs align with the recent observational measurements of $H_0$. In addition, we check the deviation of our results from model-independent measurements of $H_0$ from Planck2018, S$H_0$ES, and $H_0$LiCOW experiments. In contrast, our finding partially solved the $H_0$ tension but gave a new possible direction to alleviate the $H_0$ tension.
description: Comments are welcome
Nonclassicalities of hybrid coherent states
Creators: name: Turek, Yusuf
name: Aishan, Nuerbiya
name: Islam, Akbar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We address nonclassicality of hybrid coherent states (HCS), i.e. states expressed as superpositions of coherent states and single-photon-added coherent (SPAC) state. In particular, we evaluate their photon statistics, squeezing, and negativity of the Wigner function. Our results indicated that HCS may exhibit larger nonclassicalities than SPAC state. We also suggest a generation scheme for HCS which involves Kerr nonlinearity and postselection.
description: 9pages, 9 figures
Trinions for the $3d$ compactification of the $5d$ rank 1 $E_{N_f+1}$ SCFTs
Creators: name: Sacchi, Matteo
name: Sela, Orr
name: Zafrir, Gabi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many interesting phenomena in quantum field theory such as dualities and symmetry enhancements can be understood using higher dimensional constructions. In this paper, we study compactifications of the rank $1$ $5d$ Seiberg $E_{N_f+1}$ SCFTs to $3d$ on Riemann surfaces of genus $g>1$. We rely on the recent progress in the study of compactifications of $6d$ SCFTs to $4d$ and torus compactifications of $5d$ SCFTs to conjecture $3d$ $\mathcal{N}=2$ theories corresponding to the reduction of said $5d$ SCFTs on three punctured spheres. These can then be used to build $3d$ $\mathcal{N}=2$ models corresponding to compactifications on more general surfaces. The conjectured theories are tested by comparing their properties against those expected from the compactification picture.
description: 38 pages, 16 figures
Investment planning to minimize climate risk in agricultural production: an optimization model for a semi-arid region in India
Creators: name: Pal, Barun Deb
name: Kumar, Shalander
name: Patan, Elias Khan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: This study undertakes a prioritization of investments for upscaling context-specific climate-smart agriculture (CSA) technologies across several districts in the semi-arid Telangana state of India. We first analysed the trade-off between expected agricultural income in these districts and deviation from it under drought and normal weather scenarios. We extended the conventional MOTAD model with climate-smart technologies to assess their role in minimizing this trade-off under various weather scenarios. For our analysis, we relied on a five-year (2010–2011 to 2014–2015), district-level panel dataset on the cost of cultivation and crop production of 11 major crops under six different climate-smart technologies and farmers’ traditional practices (FTPs). This dataset included a collation of official statistics on the cost of cultivation, focus group interviews with farmers over the years and data from experimental plots operated by regional agricultural research stations. We found that the adoption of CSA technologies in Telangana, compared to FTPs, led to a 16% reduction in production risk while achieving optimum levels of crop income. Under FTPs, in a scenario of the high probability of drought, the production risk is increased by 12% while the adoption of CSA technologies reduced this risk by 25%. Our study suggests that increasing investments in farm ponds and unpuddled machine transplanting of rice can minimize the risk-return trade-off in a higher drought frequency scenario. The study fills a critical gap by generating evidence, and developing a robust planning tool, for policymakers to make informed decisions on investments in resilience-enhancing CSA. Risk-averse farmers will lose significant income unless they adopt climate-smart technologies. If the frequency of drought increases, farmers are likely to lose USD 188/ha which can be reduced to USD 25/ha if CSA technologies are adopted. The probability of risk of losing farm income will be 21% with CSA technologies as compared to 55% with FTP under the increased drought frequency scenario. The model suggests a varied allocation of the area under CSA technologies across crops and districts due to heterogeneity in the intensity of drought and adaptive capacity.
Correlation Plenoptic Imaging With Entangled Photons
Creators: name: Pepe, Francesco V.
name: Di Lena, Francesco
name: Garuccio, Augusto
name: Scarcelli, Giuliano
name: D'Angelo, Milena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Plenoptic imaging is a novel optical technique for three-dimensional imaging in a single shot. It is enabled by the simultaneous measurement of both the location and the propagation direction of light in a given scene. In the standard approach, the maximum spatial and angular resolutions are inversely proportional, and so are the resolution and the maximum achievable depth of focus of the 3D image. We have recently proposed a method to overcome such fundamental limits by combining plenoptic imaging with an intriguing correlation remote-imaging technique: ghost imaging. Here, we theoretically demonstrate that correlation plenoptic imaging can be effectively achieved by exploiting the position-momentum entanglement characterizing spontaneous parametric down-conversion (SPDC) photon pairs. As a proof-of-principle demonstration, we shall show that correlation plenoptic imaging with entangled photons may enable the refocusing of an out-of-focus image at the same depth of focus of a standard plenoptic device, but without sacrificing diffraction-limited image resolution.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures
Channeling quantum criticality
Creators: name: Zou, Yijian
name: Sang, Shengqi
name: Hsieh, Timothy H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the effect of decoherence, modelled by local quantum channels, on quantum critical states and we find universal properties of the resulting mixed state's entanglement, both between system and environment and within the system. Renyi entropies exhibit volume law scaling with a subleading constant governed by a "$g$-function" in conformal field theory (CFT), allowing us to define a notion of renormalization group (RG) flow (or "phase transitions") between quantum channels. We also find that the entropy of a subsystem in the decohered state has a subleading logarithmic scaling with subsystem size, and we relate it to correlation functions of boundary condition changing operators in the CFT. Finally, we find that the subsystem entanglement negativity, a measure of quantum correlations within mixed states, can exhibit log scaling or area law based on the RG flow. When the channel corresponds to a marginal perturbation, the coefficient of the log scaling can change continuously with decoherence strength. We illustrate all these possibilities for the critical ground state of the transverse-field Ising model, in which we identify four RG fixed points of dephasing channels and verify the RG flow numerically. Our results are relevant to quantum critical states realized on noisy quantum simulators, in which our predicted entanglement scaling can be probed via shadow tomography methods.
description: 7+14 pages, 4+11 figures, published version
Asynchronous Rumor Spreading on Random Graphs
Creators: name: Panagiotou, Konstantinos
name: Speidel, Leo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We perform a thorough study of various characteristics of the asynchronous push-pull protocol for spreading a rumor on Erdős-Rényi random graphs $G_{n,p}$, for any $p>c\ln(n)/n$ with $c>1$. In particular, we provide a simple strategy for analyzing the asynchronous push-pull protocol on arbitrary graph topologies and apply this strategy to $G_{n,p}$. We prove tight bounds of logarithmic order for the total time that is needed until the information has spread to all nodes. Surprisingly, the time required by the asynchronous push-pull protocol is asymptotically almost unaffected by the average degree of the graph. Similarly tight bounds for Erdős-Rényi random graphs have previously only been obtained for the synchronous push protocol, where it has been observed that the total running time increases significantly for sparse random graphs. Finally, we quantify the robustness of the protocol with respect to transmission and node failures. Our analysis suggests that the asynchronous protocols are particularly robust with respect to these failures compared to their synchronous counterparts.
description: 1 figure
Kagome chiral spin liquid in transition metal dichalcogenide moiré bilayers
Creators: name: Motruk, Johannes
name: Rossi, Dario
name: Abanin, Dmitry A.
name: Rademaker, Louk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: At $n=3/4$ filling of the moiré flat band, transition metal dichalcogenide moiré bilayers will develop kagome charge order. We derive an effective spin model for the resulting localized spins and find that its further neighbor spin interactions can be much less suppressed than the corresponding electron hopping strength. Using density matrix renormalization group simulations, we study its phase diagram and, for realistic model parameters relevant for WSe$_2$/WS$_2$, we show that this material can realize the exotic chiral spin liquid phase and the highly debated kagome spin liquid. Our work thus demonstrates that the frustration and strong interactions present in TMD heterobilayers provide an exciting platform to study spin liquid physics.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures plus Supplemental Material (11 pages, 17 figures)
Mysterious dimensionality effect: the cancellation of the $N$-coboson correlation energy under a BCS-like potential
Creators: name: Shiau, Shiue-Yuan
name: Combescot, Monique
name: Chang, Yia-Chung
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use Richardson-Gaudin exact equations to derive the ground-state energy of $N$ composite bosons (cobosons) interacting via a potential which acts between fermion pairs having zero center-of-mass momentum, that is, a potential similar to the reduced BCS potential used in conventional superconductivity. Through a density expansion, we show that while, for 2D systems, the $N$-coboson correlation energy undergoes a surprising cancellation which leaves the interaction part with a $N(N-1)$ dependence only, such a cancellation does not exist in 1D, 3D, and 4D systems --- which corresponds to 2D parabolic traps --- nor when the cobosons interact via a similar short-range potential but between pairs having an arbitrary center-of-mass momentum. This shows that the previously-found cancellation which exists for the Cooper-pair correlation energy results not only from the very peculiar form of the reduced BCS potential, but also from a quite mysterious dimensionality effect, the density of states for Cooper pairs feeling the BCS potential being essentially constant, as for 2D systems.
description: 9 pages, 1 figure; accepted by Phys. Rev. A
Spin-orbit interaction in nanofiber-based Brillouin scattering
Creators: name: Zerbib, Maxime
name: Romanet, Maxime
name: Sylvestre, Thibaut
name: Wolff, Christian
name: Stiller, Birgit
name: Beugnot, Jean-Charles
name: Huy, Kien Phan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Angular momentum is an important physical property that plays a key role in light-matter interactions such as spin-orbit interaction. Here, we investigate theoretically and experimentally the spin-orbit interaction between a circularly polarized optical (spin) and a transverse vortex acoustic wave (orbital) using Brillouin backscattering in a silica optical nanofiber. We specifically explore the state of polarization of Brillouin backscattering induced by the TR21 torso-radial vortex acoustic mode that carries an orbital angular momentum. Using a full-vectorial theoretical model, we predict and observe two operating regimes for which the backscattered Brillouin signal is either depolarized or circularly polarized depending on the input pump polarization. We demonstrate that when the pump is circularly polarized and thus carries a spin angular momentum, the backscattered signal undergoes a handedness reversal of circular polarization due to optoacoustic spin-orbit interaction and the conservation of overall angular momentum.