title: ÐÑÐ¾Ð±ÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸ Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÐµÐºÑÐ¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ ÑÐ¾Ð²ÑÐµÐ¼ÐµÐ½Ð½ÑÑ Ð¿Ð°ÑÑÐ¸Ð²Ð½ÑÑ Ð´Ð¾Ð¼Ð¾Ð²
title: Ð²ÑÐ¿ÑÑÐºÐ½Ð°Ñ ÐºÐ²Ð°Ð»Ð¸ÑÐ¸ÐºÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ° Ð¼Ð°Ð³Ð¸ÑÑÑÐ°
titleType: Subtitle
title: Design features of modern passive houses
Creators: name: ÐÐ°Ð±ÐºÐµÐ²Ð¸Ñ, ÐÐ»ÐµÐ³
Publisher: name: Ð¡Ð°Ð½ÐºÑ-ÐÐµÑÐµÑÐ±ÑÑÐ³ÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ ÑÐ½Ð¸Ð²ÐµÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑ ÐÐµÑÑÐ° ÐÐµÐ»Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾
Year: 2024
Subjects: Ð¿Ð°ÑÑÐ¸Ð²Ð½ÑÐ¹ Ð´Ð¾Ð¼
ÑÐ½ÐµÑÐ³Ð¾ÑÑÑÐµÐºÑÐ¸Ð²Ð½ÑÐ¹ Ð´Ð¾Ð¼
Ð¾Ð³ÑÐ°Ð¶Ð´Ð°ÑÑÐ¸Ðµ ÐºÐ¾Ð½ÑÑÑÑÐºÑÐ¸Ð¸
ÑÑÑÐ¾Ð¸ÑÐµÐ»ÑÐ½ÑÐµ Ð¼Ð°ÑÐµÑÐ¸Ð°Ð»Ñ
passive house
energy-efficient house
enclosing structures
buildimng materials

description: Ð¦ÐµÐ»ÑÑ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÑ ÑÐ²Ð»ÑÐµÑÑÑ Ð¿ÑÐ¸Ð¼ÐµÐ½ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ Ð¼ÐµÑÐ¾Ð´Ð¸ÐºÐ¸ Ð¾Ð¿ÑÐ¸Ð¼Ð°Ð»ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð²ÑÐ±Ð¾ÑÐ° Ð¾Ð³ÑÐ°Ð¶Ð´Ð°ÑÑÐ¸Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð½ÑÑÑÑÐºÑÐ¸Ð¹ Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð¾Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ ÑÐ¾Ð·Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð¼Ð°Ð»Ð¾ÑÑÐ°Ð¶Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¿Ð°ÑÑÐ¸Ð²Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð´Ð¾Ð¼Ð°. Ð ÑÐ¾Ð´Ðµ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÑ Ð±ÑÐ»Ð¸ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÑÐ°Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ñ Ð¸ ÑÐµÑÐµÐ½Ñ ÑÐ»ÐµÐ´ÑÑÑÐ¸Ðµ Ð·Ð°Ð´Ð°ÑÐ¸: 1. ÐÐ½Ð°Ð»Ð¸Ð· Ð¾ÑÐµÑÐµÑÑÐ²ÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¸ Ð·Ð°ÑÑÐ±ÐµÐ¶Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¾Ð¿ÑÑÐ° ÑÑÑÐ¾Ð¸ÑÐµÐ»ÑÑÑÐ²Ð° Ð¿Ð°ÑÑÐ¸Ð²Ð½ÑÑ Ð´Ð¾Ð¼Ð¾Ð². 2. ÐÐ½Ð°Ð»Ð¸Ð· ÑÐ¾Ð²ÑÐµÐ¼ÐµÐ½Ð½ÑÑ ÑÑÑÐ¾Ð¸ÑÐµÐ»ÑÐ½ÑÑ Ð¼Ð°ÑÐµÑÐ¸Ð°Ð»Ð¾Ð² Ð¸ Ð¸Ñ ÑÑÐ°Ð²Ð½ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ. 3. Ð Ð°Ð·ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐºÐ° Ð°ÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÐºÑÑÑÐ½Ð¾-Ð¿Ð»Ð°Ð½Ð¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð¾ÑÐ½ÑÑ ÑÐµÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ð¹. 4. ÐÑÐ±Ð¾Ñ Ð¾Ð¿ÑÐ¸Ð¼Ð°Ð»ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð¹ Ð¾Ð³ÑÐ°Ð¶Ð´Ð°ÑÑÐµÐ¹ ÐºÐ¾Ð½ÑÑÑÑÐºÑÐ¸Ð¸ Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð¼Ð°Ð»Ð¾ÑÑÐ°Ð¶Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¿Ð°ÑÑÐ¸Ð²Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð´Ð¾Ð¼Ð°. Ð Ð°ÑÑÐ¼Ð¾ÑÑÐµÐ² ÑÐ°ÐºÐ¸Ðµ Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð±Ð»ÐµÐ¼Ñ, ÐºÐ°Ðº ÑÐ½ÐµÑÐ³Ð¾ÑÐ±ÐµÑÐµÐ¶ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ Ð² Ð¶Ð¸Ð»ÑÑ Ð´Ð¾Ð¼Ð°Ñ Ð¸ ÑÑÑÐ¾Ð¸ÑÐµÐ»ÑÑÑÐ²Ð¾ Ð¿Ð°ÑÑÐ¸Ð²Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð´Ð¾Ð¼Ð°, Ð±ÑÐ» Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð²ÐµÐ´ÐµÐ½ Ð°Ð½Ð°Ð»Ð¸Ð· Ð½Ð°ÑÑÐ½Ð¾Ð¹ Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐ°ÑÑÑÑ. ÐÐ¾Ð¶Ð½Ð¾ ÑÐ´ÐµÐ»Ð°ÑÑ Ð²ÑÐ²Ð¾Ð´, ÑÑÐ¾ Ð² Ð Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸Ð¹ÑÐºÐ¾Ð¹ Ð¤ÐµÐ´ÐµÑÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¸ Ð¼Ð°Ð»Ð¾ ÑÐ°Ð·Ð²Ð¸ÑÐ¾ ÑÑÑÐ¾Ð¸ÑÐµÐ»ÑÑÑÐ²Ð¾ Ð¿Ð°ÑÑÐ¸Ð²Ð½ÑÑ Ð´Ð¾Ð¼Ð¾Ð². Ð ÑÐ¾Ð´Ðµ Ð²ÑÐ¿Ð¾Ð»Ð½ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÑ Ð±ÑÐ»Ð¸ ÑÐ°ÑÑÐ¼Ð¾ÑÑÐµÐ½Ñ ÑÐ°Ð·Ð½ÑÐµ ÑÐµÐ¿Ð»Ð¾Ð¸Ð·Ð¾Ð»ÑÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½ÑÐµ Ð¼Ð°ÑÐµÑÐ¸Ð°Ð»Ñ Ð¸ Ð¸Ñ ÑÐ°ÑÐ°ÐºÑÐµÑÐ¸ÑÑÐ¸ÐºÐ¸: ÐÐ·ÑÑÐ¸Ð² Ð¼Ð°ÑÐµÑÐ¸Ð°Ð»Ñ, ÑÐ°ÐºÐ¸Ðµ ÐºÐ°Ðº Ð°ÑÑÐ¾Ð³ÐµÐ»Ñ Evergel, Ð±Ð°Ð·Ð°Ð»ÑÑÐ¾Ð²ÑÐ¹ Ð²Ð¾Ð»Ð¾ÐºÐ½Ð¸ÑÑÑÐ¹ Ð¼Ð°Ñ Rockwool Ð¢ÐµÑÐ¼Ð°Ñ, Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¸Ð¸Ð·Ð¾ÑÐ¸Ð°Ð½ÑÑÐ°Ñ PirroVentiDuct, Ð¿ÐµÐ½Ð¾Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¸ÑÑÐµÑÐ°Ð½ BASF Elastospray 1622/32, ÑÐºÑÑÑÑÐ´Ð¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð½ÑÐ¹ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¸ÑÑÐ¸ÑÐ¾Ð» ÐÐµÐ½Ð¾Ð¿Ð»ÐµÐºÑ 45, Ð²ÑÐ¿ÐµÐ½ÐµÐ½Ð½ÑÐ¹ ÐºÐ°ÑÑÑÐº K-Flex ST Ð¸ Ð¿ÐµÐ½Ð¾ÑÑÐµÐºÐ»Ð¾ Ð¡Ð¢Ð­Ð¡ D130, Ð±ÑÐ»Ð¸ Ð¾ÑÐµÐ½ÐµÐ½Ñ ÑÐ»ÐµÐ´ÑÑÑÐ¸Ðµ Ð¿Ð°ÑÐ°Ð¼ÐµÑÑÑ: ÑÐµÐ¿Ð»Ð¾Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð¾Ð´Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÑ, Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð´Ð¾Ð»Ð¶Ð¸ÑÐµÐ»ÑÐ½Ð¾ÑÑÑ ÑÐºÑÐ¿Ð»ÑÐ°ÑÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¸, ÑÐµÐ½Ð°, ÑÐµÑÐ¼Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ðµ Ð³ÑÐ°Ð½Ð¸ÑÑ Ð¸ÑÐ¿Ð¾Ð»ÑÐ·Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð¼Ð°ÑÐµÑÐ¸Ð°Ð»Ð¾Ð², ÑÑÐ¾Ð²ÐµÐ½Ñ Ð¾Ð³Ð½ÐµÑÑÐ¾Ð¹ÐºÐ¾ÑÑÐ¸ Ð¸ Ð¿Ð»Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¾ÑÑÑ. ÐÐ»Ñ Ð¾Ð¿ÑÐµÐ´ÐµÐ»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¸Ð´ÐµÐ°Ð»ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð²ÑÐ±Ð¾ÑÐ° ÑÑÑÐ¾Ð¸ÑÐµÐ»ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ ÑÐµÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¸ÑÐ¿Ð¾Ð»ÑÐ·Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð»ÑÑ ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¿Ð»ÐµÐºÑÐ½ÑÐ¹ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´ÑÐ¾Ð´, Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð½ÑÐ¹ Ð½Ð° Ð¼Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ÐºÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐ¸Ð°Ð»ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð¼ Ð°Ð½Ð°Ð»Ð¸Ð·Ðµ Ð°Ð»ÑÑÐµÑÐ½Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð², ÐºÐ¾ÑÐ¾ÑÑÐ¹ Ð¿Ð¾Ð·Ð²Ð¾Ð»ÑÐ» Ð¾ÑÑÑÐºÐ°ÑÑ Ð½Ð°Ð¸Ð±Ð¾Ð»ÐµÐµ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´ÑÐ¾Ð´ÑÑÐ¸Ð¹ Ð²Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð°Ð½Ñ Ð¿ÑÑÐµÐ¼ ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð¾ÐºÑÐ¿Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ Ð¾ÑÐµÐ½ÐºÐ¸, ÑÑÐ¸ÑÑÐ²Ð°ÑÑÐµÐ¹ Ð¼Ð½Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÑÑÐ²Ð¾ ÑÐ°ÐºÑÐ¾ÑÐ¾Ð² Ð¸ Ð¸Ñ Ð²Ð·Ð°Ð¸Ð¼Ð½Ð¾Ðµ Ð½ÐµÑÐ¾Ð¾ÑÐ²ÐµÑÑÑÐ²Ð¸Ðµ. ÐÑÐ»Ð¸ ÑÐ°Ð·ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ°Ð½Ñ Ð¾Ð±ÑÐµÐ¼Ð½Ð¾-Ð¿Ð»Ð°Ð½Ð¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð¾ÑÐ½ÑÐµ ÑÐµÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð·Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ, ÑÐ°ÑÑÐ¼Ð¾ÑÑÐµÐ½Ñ ÑÐ°Ð·Ð»Ð¸ÑÐ½ÑÐµ ÐºÐ¾Ð½ÑÑÑÑÐºÑÐ¸Ð²Ð½ÑÐµ ÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ, Ð²ÑÐ¿Ð¾Ð»Ð½ÐµÐ½ ÑÐ°ÑÑÐµÑ ÑÐ°ÑÑÐ¾Ð´Ð° ÑÐµÐ¿Ð»Ð¾Ð²Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÐ½ÐµÑÐ³Ð¸Ð¸ Ð½Ð° Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð¿Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ Ð·Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð¸ Ð²ÑÐ¿Ð¾Ð»Ð½ÐµÐ½Ð¾ ÑÑÐ°Ð²Ð½ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ Ð·Ð°ÑÑÐ°Ñ Ð½Ð° ÑÐºÑÐ¿Ð»ÑÐ°ÑÐ°ÑÐ¸Ñ Ð·Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ.
description: The aim of this work is to application of the methodology of optimal choice of enclosing structures to justify the creation of a low-rise passive house. Tasks that were solved in the course of the research: 1. Analysis of domestic and foreign experience in the construction of passive houses. 2. Analysis of modern building materials and their comparison. 3. Development of architectural and planning solutions. 4. Selection of the optimal enclosing structure for low-rise passive house. Having considered such problems as energy saving in residential buildings and passive house construction, the scientific literature was analyzed. It can be concluded that the construction of passive houses is poorly developed in the Russian Federation. In the course of the work, different thermal insulation materials and their characteristics were considered: Evergel Aerogel, Rockwool Techmat basalt wool mat, PirroVentiDuct polyisocyanurate (PIR), BASF Elastospray 1622/32 based polyurethane foam, Penoplex 45 extruded polystyrene, K-Flex ST foam rubber, STES D130 foam glass. The following were selected: thermal conductivity coefficient, service life, cost, minimum and maximum temperatures of material application, fire hazard degree, density. In order to select a suitable material, a multi-criteria evaluation method of alternatives was applied to select the most effective solution by means of an integral evaluation, taking into account different criteria that are not directly related to each other. Volumetric and planning solutions of the building were developed, different structural schemes were considered, calculation of heat energy consumption for heating the building and comparison of costs for the building operation were made.