cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Constraints on The Hadronic Content of Gamma Ray Bursts
Creators: name: Yacobi, Lee
name: Guetta, Dafne
name: Behar, Ehud
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The IceCube high-energy neutrino telescope has been collecting data since 2006. Conversely, hundreds of Gamma Ray Bursts (GRBs) have been detected by the GBM on board Fermi, since its launch in 2008. So far no neutrino event has been associated with a GRB, despite many models predicting the generation of high energy neutrinos through GRB photon interaction with PeV protons in the GRB jet. We use the non-detection of neutrinos to constrain the hadronic content of GRB jets independent of jet model parameters. Assuming a generic particle spectrum of $E^{-α}$ with $α= 2$, we find that the ratio of the energy carried by pions to that in electrons has to be small $f_π/ f_e \lesssim 0.24$ at 95\% confidence level. A distribution of spectral slopes can lower $f_π/ f_e$ by orders of magnitude. Another limit, independent of neutrinos, is obtained if one ascribes the measured Fermi/LAT GeV gamma-ray emission to pair-photon cascades of high-energy photons resulting from (the same photon-hadronic interactions and subsequent) neutral pion decays. Based on the generally observed MeV to GeV GRB fluence ratio of $\approx 10$, we show that $f_π/ f_e \lesssim 0.3$. In some bursts, where this ratio is as low as unity, $f_π/ f_e \lesssim 0.03$. These findings add to the mounting doubts regarding the presence of PeV protons in GRB jets.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures. Submitted to Astrophysical Journal
Cross-Layer Extended Persistent Timeout Policy for SCTP and DSDV
Creators: name: Tiado, Mahmadou Issoufou
name: Dhaou, Riadh
name: Beylot, André-Luc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Cross layer techniques applied to various protocols stacks provide fair information sharing between OSI model layers. The performance gains have been demonstrated for many studied systems within protocols interactions. The example is illustrative of the reliable transport protocols that use retransmissions to achieve that reliability function. The performance gains of the persistent timeout policy for the management of the retransmission timeout have been produce in some recent works when applying that persistent timeout policy only to reliable transport protocol. The goal was to give an appropriate behavior in response to a bad state of the wireless channel that occurs and temporally blocks the transmission of data. The channel state is given by the 802.11 link layer through cross-layer mechanism. In this paper, the persistent policy is extended to the network layer and is applied to a stack that uses a reactive routing protocol, namely the Destination Sequenced Distance-Vector (DSDV) protocol that also generates additional periodic traffic regardless to the channel state. We are measuring the influence in terms of performance gains of the extended persistent policy because of the additional periodic signalization messages deriving from the used routing protocol. After the introduction in section I; Section II of this paper presents an overview of the Stream Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP). Section III describes the behavior of the DSDV protocol. Section IV presents the extended persistent timeout policy principle and Section V presents the simulation results used to compare the using of the traditional and the extended persistent timeout policies applied to the same protocol stack using SCTP and DSDV.
Phenomenological study of $J/ψ\toΞ^0(Λπ^0) \barΞ^0(\barΛ γ)$ decays
Creators: name: Hong, Peng-Cheng
name: Ping, Rong-Gang
name: Luo, Tao
name: Zhou, Xiao-Rong
name: Li, He
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The measurement of decay parameters is one of the important goals of particle physics experiments, and the measurement serves as a probe to search for evidence of CP violation in baryonic decays. The experimental results will help advance existing theoretical research and establish new experimental objectives. In this paper, we formulate the asymmetric parameters that characterize parity violation, and then derive formulas for the measurement of CP violation. The formulae for the joint angular distribution of the full decay chain as well as the polarization observable of $Ξ^ 0 $, $\bar { Ξ} ^ 0 $, $Λ$ and $\bar { Λ} $ are also provided for experiments. Lastly, we evaluated the sensitivity of two asymmetric parameters: $α_ { Ξ^ 0 \to Λπ^ 0 } $ (abbreviated as $α_ { Ξ^ 0 } $) and $α_ { \bar { Ξ} ^ 0 \to \bar { Λ} γ} $ (abbreviated as $α_ {\barΞ^0 } $) for future experimental measurement.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
Additional file 1 of Significance of urinary fatty acid-binding protein 4 level as a possible biomarker for the identification of minimal change disease in patents with nephrotic-range proteinuria
Creators: name: Marenao Tanaka
name: Furuhashi, Masato
name: Moniwa, Norihito
name: Maeda, Takuto
name: Takizawa, Hideki
name: Matsumoto, Megumi
name: Sakai, Akiko
name: Yukimura Higashiura
name: Yufu Gocho
name: Koyama, Masayuki
name: Ogawa, Yayoi
name: Miura, Tetsuji
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Comparisons of plasma FABP4 among kidney diseases. Figure S2. Comparisons of proteinuria, renal function and urinary FABPs among kidney diseases which cause nephrotic syndrome.
On the Second Approximate Matsumoto Metric
Creators: name: Tayebi, A.
name: Tabatabaeifar, T.
name: Peyghan, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53B40, 53C60, 53C25

description: In this paper, we study the second approximate Matsumoto metric on a manifold M. We prove that F is of scalar flag curvature and isotropic S-curvature if and only if it is isotropic Berwald metric with almost isotropic flag curvature.
description: Accepted in Bull Korean Math Soc
Consistency of full-sample bootstrap for estimating high-quantile, tail probability, and tail index
Creators: name: Litvinova, Svetlana
name: Silvapulle, Mervyn J.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Econometric and statistical methods
Econometrics not elsewhere classified

description: We show that the full-sample bootstrap is asymptotically valid for constructing confidence intervals for high-quantiles, tail probabilities, and other tail parameters of a univariate distribution. This resolves the doubts that have been raised about the validity of such bootstrap methods. In our extensive simulation study, the overall performance of the bootstrap method was better than that of the standard asymptotic method, indicating that the bootstrap method is at least as good, if not better than, the asymptotic method for inference. This paper also lays the foundation for developing bootstrap methods for inference about tail events in multivariate statistics; this is particularly important because some of the non-bootstrap methods are complex.
A Rutherford-like formula for scattering off Kerr-Newman BHs and subleading corrections
Creators: name: Bianchi, Massimo
name: Gambino, Claudio
name: Riccioni, Fabio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By exploiting the Kerr-Schild gauge, we study the scattering of a massive (charged) scalar off a Kerr-Newman black hole. In this gauge, the interactions between the probe and the target involve only tri-linear vertices. We manage to write down the tree-level scattering amplitudes in analytic form, from which we can construct an expression for the eikonal phase which is exact in the spin of the black hole at arbitrary order in the Post-Minkowskian expansion. We compute the classical contribution to the cross-section and deflection angle at leading order for a Kerr black hole for arbitrary orientation of the spin. Finally, we test our method by reproducing the classical amplitude for a Schwarzschild black hole at second Post-Minkowskian order and outline how to extend the analysis to the Kerr-Newman case.
description: 36 pages, 7 figures. v2: typos corrected and refs added. Version published on JHEP
General Formulation for the Calibration and Characterization of Narrow-gap Etalons: the OSIRIS/GTC Tunable Filters Case
Creators: name: Gonzalez, J. J.
name: Cepa, J.
name: Gonzalez-Serrano, J. I.
name: Sanchez-Portal, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Tunable filters are a powerful way of implementing narrow-band imaging mode over wide wavelength ranges, without the need of purchasing a large number of narrow-band filters covering all strong emission or absorption lines at any redshift. However, one of its main features is a wavelength variation across the field of view, sometimes termed the phase effect. In this work, an anomalous phase effect is reported and characterized for the OSIRIS instrument at the 10.4m Gran Telescopio Canarias. The transmitted wavelength across the field of view of the instrument depends, not only on the distance to the optical centre, but on wavelength. This effect is calibrated for the red tunable filter of OSIRIS by measuring both normal-incidence light at laboratory and spectral lamps at the telescope at non-normal incidence. This effect can be explained by taking into account the inner coatings of the etalon. In a high spectral resolution etalon, the gap between plates is much larger than the thickness of the inner reflective coatings. In the case of a tunable filter, like that in OSIRIS, the coatings thickness could be of the order of the cavity, which changes drastically the effective gap of the etalon. We show that by including thick and dispersive coatings into the interference equations, the observed anomalous phase effect can be perfectly reproduced. In fact, we find that, for the OSIRIS red TF, a two-coatings model fits the data with a rms of 0.5Å at all wavelengths and incidence angles. This is a general physical model that can be applied to other tunable-filter instruments.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS (June 30th, 2014); 15 pages; 16 figures
WIYN Open Cluster Study. LX. Spectroscopic Binary Orbits in NGC 6819
Creators: name: Milliman, Katelyn E.
name: Mathieu, Robert D.
name: Geller, Aaron M.
name: Gosnell, Natalie M.
name: Meibom, Søren
name: Platais, Imants
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the current state of the WOCS radial-velocity (RV) survey for the rich open cluster NGC 6819 (2.5 Gyr) including 93 spectroscopic binary orbits with periods ranging from 1.5 to 8,000 days. These results are the product of our ongoing RV survey of NGC 6819 using the Hydra Multi-Object Spectrograph on the WIYN 3.5 m telescope. We also include a detailed analysis of multiple prior sets of optical photometry for NGC 6819. Within a 1-degree field of view, our stellar sample includes the giant branch, the red clump, and blue straggler candidates, and extends to almost 2 mag below the main-sequence (MS) turnoff. For each star observed in our survey we present all RV measurements, the average RV and velocity variability information. Additionally, we discuss notable binaries from our sample, including eclipsing binaries (WOCS 23009, WOCS 24009, and WOCS 40007), stars noted in Kepler asteroseismology studies (WOCS 4008, WOCS 7009, and WOCS 8007), and potential descendants of past blue stragglers (WOCS 1006 and WOCS 6002). We find the incompleteness-corrected binary fraction for all MS binaries with periods less than 10,000 days to be 22% +/- 3% and a tidal circularization period of 6.2 +/- 1.1 days for NGC 6819.
description: 22 pages, 12 figures
Cross layer Interaction Models for SCTP and OLSR
Creators: name: Tiado, Mahmadou Issoufou
name: Dhaou, Riadh
name: Beylot, André-Luc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The evolution from wired system to the wireless environment opens a set of challenge for the improvement of the wireless system performances because of many of their weakness compared to wired networks. To achieve this goal, cross layer techniques are used to facilitate the sharing of information between the layers of the OSI model. In some precedent works, the Reverse Cross Layer (RCL) method has been proposed to facilitate the design of cross layer conceptual models. The method has the advantage to highlight the impact of each cross layer interaction on each protocol in order to update its source code and to describe the intuitive gains that can be achieve. The method may be applied to a given protocol stack or to an existent cross layer model to integrate new interactions. In this paper, we are applying the RCL method on the stack that uses the Stream Control Transport Protocol (SCTP) at the transport layer and the Optimized Link State Routing (OLSR) at the network layer. Cross layer conceptual models are produced based on new cross layer interactions that are proposed to populate the environment subsystem built with the application of the RCL method. The improvement of the environment subsystem is specified through the performance gains provide by the new interactions. The implementation of the interactions that impact the SCTP protocol is described in the Interaction Description Array. After the introduction, Section II of this paper presents an overview of the SCTP protocol. Section III is related to the overview of the OLSR protocol. Section IV is used for the application of the RCL method and the different interaction arrays it generates. Section V presents the improvement of the environment subsystem and the definition of the performance gain of each Cross Layer Atomic Action (CLAA).
The Split Matters: Flat Minima Methods for Improving the Performance of GNNs
Creators: name: Lell, Nicolas
name: Scherp, Ansgar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: When training a Neural Network, it is optimized using the available training data with the hope that it generalizes well to new or unseen testing data. At the same absolute value, a flat minimum in the loss landscape is presumed to generalize better than a sharp minimum. Methods for determining flat minima have been mostly researched for independent and identically distributed (i. i. d.) data such as images. Graphs are inherently non-i. i. d. since the vertices are edge-connected. We investigate flat minima methods and combinations of those methods for training graph neural networks (GNNs). We use GCN and GAT as well as extend Graph-MLP to work with more layers and larger graphs. We conduct experiments on small and large citation, co-purchase, and protein datasets with different train-test splits in both the transductive and inductive training procedure. Results show that flat minima methods can improve the performance of GNN models by over 2 points, if the train-test split is randomized. Following Shchur et al., randomized splits are essential for a fair evaluation of GNNs, as other (fixed) splits like 'Planetoid' are biased. Overall, we provide important insights for improving and fairly evaluating flat minima methods on GNNs. We recommend practitioners to always use weight averaging techniques, in particular EWA when using early stopping. While weight averaging techniques are only sometimes the best performing method, they are less sensitive to hyperparameters, need no additional training, and keep the original model unchanged. All source code is available in https://github.com/Foisunt/FMMs-in-GNNs.
Building an Archive with Saada
Creators: name: Michel, Laurent
name: Motch, Christian
name: Nguyen, Hoan Ngoc
name: Pineau, François-Xavier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 68U35

description: Saada transforms a set of heterogeneous FITS files or VOTables of various categories (images, tables, spectra ...) in a database without writing code. Databases created with Saada come with a rich Web interface and an Application Programming Interface (API). They support the four most common VO services. Such databases can mix various categories of data in multiple collections. They allow a direct access to the original data while providing a homogenous view thanks to an internal data model compatible with the characterization axis defined by the VO. The data collections can be bound to each other with persistent links making relevant browsing paths and allowing data-mining oriented queries.
description: 18 pages, 5 figures Special VO issue
Typical = random
Creators: name: Landsman, Klaas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 82B03, 68Q30, 60A10

description: This expository paper advocates an approach to physics in which ``typicality" is identified with a suitable form of algorithmic randomness. To this end various theorems from mathematics and physics are reviewed. Their original versions state that some property F(x) holds for P-almost all x in X, where P is a probability measure on some space X. Their more refined (and typically more recent) formulations show that F(x) holds for all P-random x in X. The computational notion of P-randomness used here generalizes the one introduced by Martin-L"of in 1966 in a way now standard in algorithmic randomness. Examples come from probability theory, analysis, dynamical systems/ergodic theory, statistical mechanics, and quantum mechanics (especially hidden variable theories). An underlying philosophical theme, inherited from von Mises and Kolmogorov, is the interplay between probability and randomness, especially: which comes first?
description: 30 pages, 1 figure, minor revision
Additional file 3 of Does the problem begin at the beginning? Medical students’ knowledge and beliefs regarding antibiotics and resistance: a systematic review
Creators: name: Nogueira-Uzal, Natalia
name: Zapata-Cachafeiro, Maruxa
name: Vázquez-Cancela, Olalla
name: López-Durán, Ana
name: Herdeiro, Maria T.
name: Figueiras, Adolfo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 3. Antibiotic behaviour among medical students.
Quasinormal modes and greybody factors of symmergent black hole
Creators: name: Gogoi, Dhruba Jyoti
name: Övgün, Ali
name: Demir, Durmuş
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Symmergent gravity is an emergent gravity framework in which gravity emerges guided by gauge invariance, accompanied by new particles, and reconciled with quantum fields. In this paper, we perform a detailed study of the quasinormal modes and greybody factors of the black holes in symmergent gravity. Its relevant parameters are the quadratic curvature term $c_{\rm O}$ and the vacuum energy parameter $α$. In our analyses, effects of the both parameters are investigated. Our findings suggest that, in both positive and negative direction, large $|c_{\rm O}|$ values of the parameter on the quasinormal modes parallel the Schwarzschild black hole. Moreover, the quasinormal model spectrum is found to be sensitive to the symmergent parameter $α$. We contrast the asymptotic iteration and WKB methods in regard to their predictions for the quasinormal frequencies, and find that they differ (agree) slightly at small (large) multipole moments. We analyze time-domain profiles of the perturbations, and determine the greybody factor of the symmergent black hole in the WKB regime. The symmergent parameter $α$ and the quadratic curvature term $c_{\rm O}$ are shown to impact the greybody factors significantly. We provide also rigorous limits on greybody factors for scalar perturbations, and reaffirm the impact of model parameters.
description: 23 pages, 16 figures. Published version
Wood compression in four-dimensional in situ tomography
Creators: name: Mäkinen, Tero
name: Halonen, Alisa
name: Koivisto, Juha
name: Alava, Mikko J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Wood deformation, in particular when subject to compression, exhibits scale-free avalanche-like behavior as well as structure-dependent localization of deformation. We have taken three-dimensional (3D) x-ray tomographs during compression with constant stress rate loading. Using digital volume correlation, we obtain the local total strain during the experiment and compare it to the global strain and acoustic emission. The wood cells collapse layer by layer throughout the sample starting from the softest parts, i.e., the spring wood. As the damage progresses, more and more of the softwood layers throughout the sample collapse, which indicates damage spreading instead of localization. In 3D, one can see a fat-tailed local strain rate distribution, indicating that inside the softwood layers, the damage occurs in localized spots. The observed log-normal strain distribution is in agreement with this view of the development of independent local collapses or irreversible deformation events. A key feature in the mechanical behavior of wood is then in the complex interaction of localized deformation between or among the annual rings.
Development and first operation of a Cavity Ring Down Spectroscopy diagnostic in the negative ion source SPIDER
Creators: name: Barbisan, M.
name: Pasqualotto, R.
name: Agnello, R.
name: Pilieci, M.
name: Serianni, G.
name: Taliercio, C.
name: Cervaro, V.
name: Rossetto, F.
name: Tiso, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Neutral Beam Injectors of the ITER experiment will rely on negative ion sources to produce 16.7 MW beams of H/D particles accelerated at 1 MeV. The prototype of these sources was built and is currently operated in the SPIDER experiment (Source for the Production of Ions o Deuterium Extracted from an RF plasma), part of the Neutral Beam Test Facility of Consorzio RFX, Padua. In SPIDER, the H-/D- ion source is coupled to a three grids 100 kV acceleration system. One of the main targets of the experimentation in SPIDER is to uniformly maximize the extracted current density; to achieve this it is important to study the density of negative ions available in proximity of the ion acceleration system. In SPIDER, line-integrated measurements of negative ion density are performed by a Cavity Ring Down Spectroscopy (CRDS) diagnostic. Its principle of operation is based on the absorption of the photons of a laser beam pulse by H-/D- photo-detachment; the absorption detection is enhanced by trapping the laser pulse in an optical cavity, containing the absorbing medium (i.e. negative ions). The paper presents and discusses the CRDS diagnostic setup in SPIDER, including the first measurements of negative ion density, correlated to the main source parameters.
description: 5 pages, 7 figures. Contributer paper for the HTPD 2020 conference. Accepted manuscript
Bifurcation curves of a diffusive logistic equation with harvesting orthogonal to the first eigenfunction
Creators: name: Girão, Pedro M.
name: Pérez-Llanos, Mayte
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35B32, 35J66, 37B30, 92D25

description: We study the global bifurcation curves of a diffusive logistic equation, when harvesting is orthogonal to the first eigenfunction of the Laplacian, for values of the linear growth up to $λ_2+δ$, examining in detail their behavior as the linear growth rate crosses the first two eigenvalues. We observe some new behavior with regard to earlier works concerning this equation. Namely, the bifurcation curves suffer a transformation at $λ_1$, they are compact above $λ_1$, there are precisely two families of degenerate solutions with Morse index equal to zero, and the whole set of solutions below $λ_2$ is not a two dimensional manifold.
Additional file 2 of Does the problem begin at the beginning? Medical students’ knowledge and beliefs regarding antibiotics and resistance: a systematic review
Creators: name: Nogueira-Uzal, Natalia
name: Zapata-Cachafeiro, Maruxa
name: Vázquez-Cancela, Olalla
name: López-Durán, Ana
name: Herdeiro, Maria T.
name: Figueiras, Adolfo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 2. Attitudes and beliefs items.
Detection of the onset of yielding and creep failure from digital image correlation
Creators: name: Mäkinen, Tero
name: Zaborowska, Agata
name: Frelek-Kozak, Małgorzata
name: Jóźwik, Iwona
name: Kurpaska, Łukasz
name: Papanikolaou, Stefanos
name: Alava, Mikko J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There are a multitude of applications in which structural materials would be desired to be nondestructively evaluated, while in a component, for plasticity and failure characteristics. In this way, safety and resilience features can be significantly improved. Nevertheless, while failure can be visible through cracks, plasticity is commonly invisible and highly microstructure-dependent. Here, we show that an equation-free method based on principal component analysis is capable of detecting yielding and tertiary creep onset, directly from strain fields that are obtained by digital image correlation, applicable on components, continuously and nondestructively. We demonstrate the applicability of the method to yielding of Ni-based Haynes 230 metal alloy polycrystalline samples, which are also characterized through electron microscopy and benchmarked using continuum polycrystalline plasticity modeling. Also, we successfully apply this method to yielding during uniaxial tension of Hastelloy X polycrystalline samples, and also to the onset of tertiary creep in quasibrittle fiber composites under uniaxial tension. We conclude that there are key features in the spatiotemporal fluctuations of local strain fields that can be used to infer mechanical properties.
Document Layout Annotation: Database and Benchmark in the Domain of Public Affairs
Creators: name: Peña, Alejandro
name: Morales, Aythami
name: Fierrez, Julian
name: Ortega-Garcia, Javier
name: Grande, Marcos
name: Puente, Iñigo
name: Cordova, Jorge
name: Cordova, Gonzalo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Every day, thousands of digital documents are generated with useful information for companies, public organizations, and citizens. Given the impossibility of processing them manually, the automatic processing of these documents is becoming increasingly necessary in certain sectors. However, this task remains challenging, since in most cases a text-only based parsing is not enough to fully understand the information presented through different components of varying significance. In this regard, Document Layout Analysis (DLA) has been an interesting research field for many years, which aims to detect and classify the basic components of a document. In this work, we used a procedure to semi-automatically annotate digital documents with different layout labels, including 4 basic layout blocks and 4 text categories. We apply this procedure to collect a novel database for DLA in the public affairs domain, using a set of 24 data sources from the Spanish Administration. The database comprises 37.9K documents with more than 441K document pages, and more than 8M labels associated to 8 layout block units. The results of our experiments validate the proposed text labeling procedure with accuracy up to 99%.
description: Accepted in ICDAR 2023 Workshop on Machine Vision and NLP for Document Analysis
Study of In-plane and Interlayer Interactions During Aluminum Fluoride Intercalation in Graphite: Implications for the Development of Rechargeable Batteries
Creators: name: Rodríguez, Sindy J.
name: Candia, Adriana E.
name: Stanković, Igor
name: Passeggi, Mario C. G.
name: Ruano, Gustavo D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The electrolyte intercalation mechanism facilitates the insertion/extraction of charge into the electrode material in rechargeable batteries. Aluminum fluoride (AlF$_{3}$) has been used as an electrolyte in rechargeable aluminum batteries with graphite electrodes, demonstrating improved reversibility of battery charging and discharging processes; however, the intercalation mechanism of this neutral molecule in graphite is so far unknown. In this work, we combine scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) in ultra-high vacuum conditions, calculations based on density functional theory, and large-scale molecular dynamics simulations to reveal the mechanism of AlF$_{3}$ intercalation in highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG). We report the formation of AlF$_{3}$ molecules clusters between graphite layers, their self-assembly by graphene buckling-mediated interactions, and explain the origin and distribution of superficial {\it blisters} in the material. Our findings have implications for understanding the relationship between the mobility and clustering of molecules and the expansion of the anode material. This, in turn, paves the way for future enhancements in the performance of energy storage systems.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures, SI on demand
Symmetry Reduction of the Two-Dimensional Ricci Flow Equation
Creators: name: Nadjafikhah, Mehdi
name: Jafari, Mehdi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper is devoted to obtain the one-dimensional group invariant solutions of the two-dimensional Ricci flow ((2D) Rf) equation. By classifying the orbits of the adjoint representation of the symmetry group on its Lie algebra, the optimal system of one-dimensional subalgebras of the ((2D) Rf) equation is obtained. For each class, we will find the reduced equation by the method of similarity reduction. By solving these reduced equations, we will obtain new sets of group invariant solutions for the ((2D) Rf) equation.
description: 6 pages
Hole or grain? A Section Pursuit Index for Finding Hidden Structure in Multiple Dimensions
Creators: name: Laa, Ursula
name: Cook, Dianne
name: Buja, Andreas
name: Valencia, German
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Econometric and statistical methods
Econometrics not elsewhere classified

description: Multivariate data is often visualized using linear projections, produced by techniques such as principal component analysis, linear discriminant analysis, and projection pursuit. A problem with projections is that they obscure low and high density regions near the center of the distribution. Sections, or slices, can help to reveal them. This paper develops a section pursuit method, building on the extensive work in projection pursuit, to search for interesting slices of the data. Linear projections are used to define sections of the parameter space, and to calculate interestingness by comparing the distribution of observations, inside and outside a section. By optimizing this index, it is possible to reveal features such as holes (low density) or grains (high density). The optimization is incorporated into a guided tour so that the search for structure can be dynamic. The approach can be useful for problems when data distributions depart from uniform or normal, as in visually exploring nonlinear manifolds, and functions in multivariate space. Two applications of section pursuit are shown: exploring decision boundaries from classification models, and exploring subspaces induced by complex inequality conditions from multiple parameter model. The new methods are available in R, in the tourr package.
Horn-array haloscope for volume-efficient broadband axion searches
Creators: name: Jeong, Junu
name: Youn, Sungwoo
name: Semertzidis, Yannis K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The invisible axion is a hypothetical particle that arises from the Peccei-Quinn mechanism proposed to resolve the CP problem in quantum chromodynamics, and is considered one of the most favoured candidates for cold dark matter. Dish antennas can provide a useful scheme for sensitive search for dark matter axions. The conversion power through axion-photon couplings is proportional to the surface area of the metal plate, rather than the volume of the available magnetic field. To maximize the effect, we propose an advanced concept of haloscope that involves an array of horn antennae to increase the axion-induced photons and a reflector to focus them onto a photo sensor. Compared to other proposed schemes, this configuration can significantly improve the experimental sensitivity, especially in the terahertz region.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
Additional file 1 of Can voucher scheme enhance primary care provision for older adults: cross-sectional study in Hong Kong
Creators: name: Cheung, Johnny T. K.
name: Wong, Samuel Y.S.
name: Dicken C. C. Chan
name: Dexing Zhang
name: Luk, Lawrence H. F.
name: Chau, Patsy Y. K.
name: Yip, Benjamin H. K.
name: Lee, Eric K. P.
name: Wong, Eliza L. Y.
name: E. K. Yeoh
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: Medicine
Biotechnology
Cancer
Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Elderly Health Care Quality Survey.
Computation of Partially Invariant Solutions for the Einstein Walker Manifolds' Identifying Equations
Creators: name: Nadjafikhah, Mehdi
name: Jafari, Mehdi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, partially invariant solutions (PISs) method is applied in order to obtain new four-dimensional Einstein Walker manifolds. This method is based on subgroup classification for the symmetry group of partial differential equations (PDEs) and can be regarded as the generalization of the similarity reduction method. For this purpose, those cases of PISs which have the defect structure delta=1 and are resulted from two-dimensional subalgebras are considered in the present paper. Also it is shown that the obtained PISs are distinct from the invariant solutions that obtained by similarity reduction method.
description: 8 pages
Correlation energy within exact-exchange ACFD theory: systematic development and simple approximations
Creators: name: Colonna, Nicola
name: Hellgren, Maria
name: de Gironcoli, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have calculated the correlation energy of the homogeneous electron gas (HEG) and the dissociation energy curves of molecules with covalent bonds from a novel implementation of the adiabatic connection fluctuation dissipation (ACFD) expression including the exact exchange (EXX) kernel. The EXX kernel is defined from first order perturbation theory and used in the Dyson equation of time-dependent density functional theory. Within this approximation (RPAx), the correlation energies of the HEG are significantly improved with respect to the RPA up to densities of the order of $r_s \approx 10$. However, beyond this value, the RPAx response function exhibits an unphysical divergence and the approximation breaks down. Total energies of molecules at equilibrium are also highly accurate but we find a similar instability at stretched geometries. Staying within an exact first order approximation to the response function we use an alternative resummation of the higher order terms. This slight redefinition of RPAx fixes the instability in total energy calculations without compromising the overall accuracy of the approach.
Border as warzone : deviant mexicanidad, gamifying terrorism, and countersurveillance in digital space
Creators: name: Ramales, Mayra
name: 0000-0001-5520-1043
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: El Paso
subject: Walmart
subject: Terrorism
subject: White supremacy
subject: Texas
subject: Mass shootings
subject: Border studies
subject: Immigration
subject: Media studies
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: On August 3rd, 2019, a white supremacist drove from Fort-Worth, Dallas to the border in El Paso and shot and killed 23 people at a Walmart. The shooter would upload a manifesto onto a white supremacist's chat board shortly before the act, disclosing reasons why he felt the need to carry out the terrorist attack against Mexicans. What does the online discourse of these white supremacists show us about their move to transcend from online hate to real world terrorism? How does the construct of the border create a zone for war and destruction for these white supremacists who have gamified terrorism?
Magnetic properties of the RbMnPO4 zeolite-ABW type material: a frustrated zigzag spin chain
Creators: name: Nénert, G.
name: Bettis,, J. L.
name: Kremer, R. K.
name: Yahia, H. Ben
name: Ritter, C.
name: Gaudin, E.
name: Isnard, O.
name: Whangbo, M. -H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The crystal structure and magnetic properties of the RbMnPO4 zeolite-ABW type material have been studied by temperature-dependent neutron powder diffraction, low temperature magnetometry and heat capacity measurements. RbMnPO4 represents a rare example of a weak ferromagnetic polar material, containing Mn2+ ions with TN = 4.7 K. The neutron powder diffraction pattern recorded at T = 10 K shows that the compound crystallizes in the chiral and polar monoclinic space group P21 (No. 4) with the unit-cell parameters: a = 8.94635(9) Å, b = 5.43415(5) Å, c = 9.10250(8) Å and beta = 90.4209(6)°. A close inspection of the crystal structure of RbMnPO4 shows that this material presents two different types of zigzag chains running along the b axis. This is a unique feature among the zeolite-ABW type materials exhibiting the P21 symmetry. At low temperature, RbMnPO4 exhibits a canted antiferromagnetic structure characterized by the propagation vector k1 = 0 resulting in the magnetic symmetry P21. The magnetic moments lie mostly along the b axis with the ferromagnetic component being in the ac plane. Due to the geometrical frustration present in this system, an intermediate phase appears within the temperature range 4.7 - 5.1 K characterized by the propagation vector k2 = (kx, 0, kz) with kx/kz = 2. This ratio is reminiscent of the multiferroic phase of the orthorhombic RMnO3 phases (R = rare earth). This suggests that RbMnPO4 could present some multiferroic properties at low temperature. Our density functional calculations confirm the presence of magnetic frustration, which explains this intermediate incommensurate phase. Taking into account the strongest magnetic interactions, we are able to reproduce the magnetic structure observed experimentally at low temperature.
Statistical Modelling and Forecast Evaluation of the Impact of Extreme Temperatures on Wheat Crops in North Western Victoria
Creators: name: Bailey, Natalia
name: Hochman, Zvi
name: Mao, Yufeng
name: Silvapulle, Mervyn J.
name: Silvapulle, Param
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Econometric and statistical methods
Econometrics not elsewhere classified

description: This paper introduces a statistical model to estimate and evaluate the predictability of the response of wheat yield to extreme temperature exposures and rainfall during the three phases of wheat grain production (vegetative, reproductive and grain filling) in northwestern (NW) Victoria, Australia. Unlike crop models which rely on functions developed from field experiments, we use observed data on annual wheat yields from 44 farms in the region over a period of 26 years (1993-2018). We find that the one-way fixed effects panel data model tends to outperform competing models in the out-of-sample prediction of future yields. We detect as positive drivers of NW Victorian wheat yield growth, exposure to moderate temperatures in all the three phases of the wheat production and total rainfall in the first two phases of the growing season. Providing adequate soil moisture, January-March rainfall also was found to be a positive driver of yields. Conversely, exposure to freezing temperatures during the vegetative and reproductive phases as well as to extreme high temperatures in all three phases of wheat production constitute negative drivers of NW Victorian wheat yields. The reproductive phase appears to be the most sensitive to climate variability, with adverse extreme heat and frost having sizeable negative impacts on yields. These negative effects are partially offset by increased rainfall in the same phase of wheat production. Moreover, we compare yield predictions by our statistical model to yield potentials calculated by APSIM. The gaps can be used to make recommendations on some adaptation opportunities available to farmers in the NW Victoria region.
Collective modes of a collisional anisotropic quark-gluon plasma
Creators: name: Zhao, Ruizhe
name: Qiu, Luhua
name: Guo, Yun
name: Strickland, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we consider the collective modes of a momentum-space anisotropic quark-gluon plasma taking into account the effect of collisions between the plasma constituents. Our analysis is carried out using a collisional kernel of Bhatnagar-Gross-Krook form and extends prior analyses in the literature by considering all possible angles of propagation of the gluonic modes relative to the momentum-anisotropy axis. We extract both the stable and unstable modes as a function of the collision rate and confirm prior findings that gluonic unstable modes can be eliminated from the spectrum if the collision rate is sufficiently large. In addition, we discuss the conditions necessary for the existence of unstable modes and present evidence that unstable mode growth rates are maximal for modes with momentum along the anisotropy direction. Finally, we demonstrate that when there is a finite collisional rate, gluonic unstable modes are absent from the spectrum at both small and large momentum anisotropy. These results pave the way for understanding the impact of collisions on a variety of non-equilibrium quark-gluon plasma observables.
description: 19 pages and 15 figures, minor changes to match the published version
Electronic Transport in Graphene with Aggregated Hydrogen Adatoms
Creators: name: Gargiulo, Fernando
name: Autès, Gabriel
name: Virk, Naunidh
name: Barthel, Stefan
name: Rösner, Malte
name: Toller, Lisa R. M.
name: Wehling, Tim O.
name: Yazyev, Oleg V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hydrogen adatoms and other species covalently bound to graphene act as resonant scattering centers affecting the electronic transport properties and inducing Anderson localization. We show that attractive interactions between adatoms on graphene and their diffusion mobility strongly modify the spatial distribution, thus fully eliminating isolated adatoms and increasing the population of larger size adatom aggregates. Our scaling analysis shows that such aggregation of adatoms increases conductance by up to several orders of magnitude and results in significant extension of the Anderson localization length in the strong localization regime. We introduce a simple definition of the effective adatom concentration $x^\star$ , which describes the transport properties of both random and correlated distributions of hydrogen adatoms on graphene across a broad range of concentrations.
description: Main text: 5 pages, 5 figures. Supplementary material: 7 pages, 5 figures
Additional file 1 of Monitoring the evolution of individuals’ flood-related adaptive behaviors over time: two cross-sectional surveys conducted in the Province of Quebec, Canada
Creators: name: Valois, Pierre
name: Tessier, Maxime
name: Bouchard, David
name: Talbot, Denis
name: Morin, Alexandre J. S.
name: Anctil, François
name: Cloutier, Geneviève
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Standardized factor loadings and uniquenesses of each index. Detailed results for each index regarding the standardized loadings and uniquenesses are available in the Supplemental Materials.
Nonlinear propagating localized modes in a 2D hexagonal crystal lattice
Creators: name: Bajars, J.
name: Eilbeck, J. C.
name: Leimkuhler, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we consider a 2D hexagonal crystal lattice model first proposed by Marin, Eilbeck and Russell in 1998. We perform a detailed numerical study of nonlinear propagating localized modes, that is, propagating discrete breathers and kinks. The original model is extended to allow for arbitrary atomic interactions, and to allow atoms to travel out of the unit cell. A new on-site potential is considered with a periodic smooth function with hexagonal symmetry. We are able to confirm the existence of long-lived propagating discrete breathers. Our simulations show that, as they evolve, breathers appear to localize in frequency space, i.e. the energy moves from sidebands to a main frequency band. Our numerical findings contribute to the open question of whether exact moving breather solutions exist in 2D hexagonal layers in physical crystal lattices.
description: Both this paper and arXiv 1408.6853 discuss similar models with the same on-site potential. This paper has a Lennard-Jones interparticle potential, 1408.6853 has a piecewise polynomial function. The latter favours the existence of long-lived kinks, and much of 1408.6853 is given to a study of these. Both models support long-lived breathers, and the present paper concentrates on such solutions