cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Fractions of Inner- and Outer-Halo Stars in the Local Volume
Creators: name: An, Deokkeun
name: Beers, Timothy C.
name: Santucci, Rafael M.
name: Carollo, Daniela
name: Placco, Vinicius M.
name: Lee, Young Sun
name: Rossi, Silvia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We obtain a new determination of the metallicity distribution function (MDF) of stars within $\sim5$-$10$ kpc of the Sun, based on recently improved co-adds of $ugriz$ photometry for Stripe 82 from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. Our new estimate uses the methodology developed previously by An et al. to study in situ halo stars, but is based on a factor of two larger sample than available before, with much-improved photometric errors and zero-points. The newly obtained MDF can be divided into multiple populations of halo stars, with peak metallicities at [Fe/H] $\approx -1.4$ and $-1.9$, which we associate with the inner-halo and outer-halo populations of the Milky Way, respectively. We find that the kinematics of these stars (based on proper-motion measurements at high Galactic latitude) supports the proposed dichotomy of the halo, as stars with retrograde motions in the rest frame of the Galaxy are generally more metal-poor than stars with prograde motions, consistent with previous claims. In addition, we generate mock catalogs of stars from a simulated Milk Way halo system, and demonstrate for the first time that the chemically- and kinematically-distinct properties of the inner- and outer-halo populations are qualitatively in agreement with our observations. The decomposition of the observed MDF and our comparison with the mock catalog results suggest that the outer-halo population contributes on the order of $\sim35\%$-$55\%$ of halo stars in the local volume.
description: Accepted for publication in the ApJ Letters
Cnidoscolus calcareus Fern. Casas, Fontqueria
Creators: name: Maya-Lastra, Carlos A.
name: Steinmann, Victor W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Malpighiales
Euphorbiaceae
Cnidoscolus
Cnidoscolus calcareus

description: 20. Cnidoscolus calcareus Fern.Casas, Fontqueria 55: 172 (2004). Type:— BRAZIL. Mato Grosso do Sul: Porto Murtinho, São João: arredores da aldeia indígena, 9 October 2003, G.G. Hatschbach, M.M. Hatschbach & E. Barbosa 76103 (holotype MBM-0288408!; isotypes CGMS, MA-713809!, MA-713809-2!, MBM-0355007).
 Distribution:— Brazil (regional endemic).
description: Published as part of Maya-Lastra, Carlos A. & Steinmann, Victor W., 2018, A Nomenclator of Cnidoscolus (Euphorbiaceae), pp. 1-30 in Phytotaxa 346 (1) on page 8, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.346.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/13708395
Exercise Intervention Promotes Brain Functional Integration in Obese Adolescents
Creators: name: Huang, Jiaai
name: Cai, Yuwei
name: He, Zhaorui
name: Huang, Huang
name: Duan, Lian
name: Xu, Xia
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Sports Sciences
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Life Sciences
subject: Neuroscience and Neurobiology
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: exercise
subject: fNIRS
subject: functional integration
subject: obese adolescents

description: This study utilized resting-state functional near-infrared spectroscopy imaging data to examine functional connectivity and topological changes in the prefrontal-motor network before and after exercise intervention.
Real space Eliashberg approach to charge order of electrons coupled to dynamic antiferromagnetic fluctuations
Creators: name: Bauer, Johannes
name: Sachdev, Subir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study charge ordered solutions for fermions on a square lattice interacting with dynamic antiferromagnetic fluctuations. Our approach is based on real space Eliashberg equations which are solved self-consistently. We first show that the antiferromagnetic fluctuations can induce arc features in the spectral functions, as spectral weight is suppressed at the hot spots; however, no real pseudogap is generated. At low temperature spontaneous charge order with a $d$-form factor can be stabilized for certain parameters. As long as the interacting Fermi surfaces possesses hot spots, the ordering wave vector corresponds to the diagonal connection of the hot spots, similar to the non-self-consistent case. Tendencies towards observed axial order only appear in situations without hot spots.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures
4D supersymmetric gauge theories of spacetime translations
Creators: name: Brandt, Friedemann
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The paper addresses the question whether in four spacetime dimensions, besides standard supergravity theories, field theories exist whose symmetries include local spacetime translations and supersymmetries generated by transformations whose commutators contain infinitesimal local spacetime translations. It is shown that, up to local field redefinitions, there is a unique class of such supersymmetric field theories satisfying specified prerequisites which particularly concern the field content of the theories. The theories of this class have global supersymmetry and are similar to globally supersymmetric Yang-Mills theories.
description: 32 pages; v2: corrected typos, improvements of text; v3: 33 pages, matches published version; v4: 36 pages, takes account of erratum and addendum to published version, changes particularly at end of section 3 and of abstract and conclusion, new section 5; v5: corrected text in last paragraph of section 2, added remark at end of section 4.1, some superfluous text removed
Asymptotic isoperimetry on non collapsed spaces with lower Ricci bounds
Creators: name: Antonelli, Gioacchino
name: Pasqualetto, Enrico
name: Pozzetta, Marco
name: Semola, Daniele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper studies sharp and rigid isoperimetric comparison theorems and asymptotic isoperimetric properties for small and large volumes on $N$-dimensional ${\rm RCD}(K,N)$ spaces $(X,\mathsf{d},\mathscr{H}^N)$. Moreover, we obtain almost regularity theorems formulated in terms of the isoperimetric profile and enhanced consequences at the level of several functional inequalities. Most of our statements are new even in the classical setting of smooth, non compact manifolds with lower Ricci curvature bounds. The synthetic theory plays a key role via compactness and stability arguments.
description: This is the second of two companion papers originally appeared in a joint version in arXiv:2201.04916v1. The first of the two companion papers is arXiv:2201.04916
Massive MIMO in Real Propagation Environments: Do All Antennas Contribute Equally?
Creators: name: Gao, Xiang
name: Edfors, Ove
name: Tufvesson, Fredrik
name: Larsson, Erik G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Massive MIMO can greatly increase both spectral and transmit-energy efficiency. This is achieved by allowing the number of antennas and RF chains to grow very large. However, the challenges include high system complexity and hardware energy consumption. Here we investigate the possibilities to reduce the required number of RF chains, by performing antenna selection. While this approach is not a very effective strategy for theoretical independent Rayleigh fading channels, a substantial reduction in the number of RF chains can be achieved for real massive MIMO channels, without significant performance loss. We evaluate antenna selection performance on measured channels at 2.6 GHz, using a linear and a cylindrical array, both having 128 elements. Sum-rate maximization is used as the criterion for antenna selection. A selection scheme based on convex optimization is nearly optimal and used as a benchmark. The achieved sum-rate is compared with that of a very simple scheme that selects the antennas with the highest received power. The power-based scheme gives performance close to the convex optimization scheme, for the measured channels. This observation indicates a potential for significant reductions of massive MIMO implementation complexity, by reducing the number of RF chains and performing antenna selection using simple algorithms.
description: Submitted to IEEE Transactions on Communications
Spectral Properties of Two Coupled Fibonacci Chains
Creators: name: Moustaj, Anouar
name: Röntgen, Malte
name: Morfonios, Christian V.
name: Schmelcher, Peter
name: Smith, Cristiane Morais
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Fibonacci chain, i.e., a tight-binding model where couplings and/or on-site potentials can take only two different values distributed according to the Fibonacci word, is a classical example of a one-dimensional quasicrystal. With its many intriguing properties, such as a fractal eigenvalue spectrum, the Fibonacci chain offers a rich platform to investigate many of the effects that occur in three-dimensional quasicrystals. In this work, we study the eigenvalues and eigenstates of two identical Fibonacci chains coupled to each other in different ways. We find that this setup allows for a rich variety of effects. Depending on the coupling scheme used, the resulting system (i) possesses an eigenvalue spectrum featuring a richer hierarchical structure compared to the spectrum of a single Fibonacci chain, (ii) shows a coexistence of Bloch and critical eigenstates, or (iii) possesses a large number of degenerate eigenstates, each of which is perfectly localized on only four sites of the system. If additionally, the system is infinitely extended, the macroscopic number of perfectly localized eigenstates induces a perfectly flat quasi band. Especially the second case is interesting from an application perspective, since eigenstates that are of Bloch or of critical character feature largely different transport properties. At the same time, the proposed setup allows for an experimental realization, e.g., with evanescently coupled waveguides, electric circuits, or by patterning an anti-lattice with adatoms on a metallic substrate.
description: 29 pages, 14 figures. Regular article, to be submitted to New Journal Of Physics. Comments are welcome
Short time existence of a quasi-stationary fluid-structure interaction problem for plaque growth
Creators: name: Abels, Helmut
name: Liu, Yadong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary: 35R35, Secondary: 35Q30, 74F10, 74B20, 76D05

description: We address a quasi-stationary fluid-structure interaction problem coupled with cell reactions and growth, which comes from the plaque formation during the stage of the atherosclerotic lesion in human arteries. The blood is modeled by the incompressible Navier--Stokes equation, while the motion of vessels is captured by a quasi-stationary equation of nonlinear elasticity. The growth happens when both cells in fluid and solid react, diffuse and transport across the interface, resulting in the accumulation of foam cells, which are exactly seen as the plaques. Via a fixed-point argument, we derive the local well-posedness of the nonlinear system, which is sustained by the analysis of decoupled linear systems.
description: 31 Pages
Mothers, Midwives, and Medicine: Jewish Orthodox Reproductive Culture and Popular Belief
Creators: name: Cantu, Ashley
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2019

description: The Jewish religion places emphasis on the mandate to “be fruitful and multiply.” It is important to investigate how this imperative for fertility influences the physical body. Orthodox Judaism provides a particularly unique framework, as many adherents to Haredi Judaism take this mandate very seriously. Orthodox Jewish women exist in a problematic liminal phase in which purity laws and religious considerations become simultaneously important and ambiguous. To investigate how this problematic liminal state plays out, it is first important to understand how pregnancy and child delivery fit into the framework of medicine. This investigation carries into the advent of postmodern midwifery and the introduction of alternative medicine in an age of biomedical technology. It is then significant to consider general behaviors and trends of Orthodox Jewish women within the prenatal period. With this comes popular belief and folk culture that has been transmitted through ages. Evil Eye and Lilith, the demoness known to kill mothers and babies, serve as pertinent examples of the folk culture surrounding childbirth within Orthodox Judaism. Overall, this research investigates the classification and treatment of Jewish women at the cultural and medical intersection of pregnancy and delivery.
A Catalogue of Two-Dimensional Photometric Decompositions in the SDSS-DR7 Spectroscopic Main Galaxy Sample: Extension to g- and i-Bands
Creators: name: Meert, Alan
name: Vikram, Vinu
name: Bernardi, Mariangela
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extend the catalogue of two-dimensional, PSF-corrected de Vacouleurs, Sersic, de Vacouleurs+Exponential, and Sersic+Exponential fits of ~7x10^5 galaxies presented in Meert, Vikram & Bernardi (2015) to include the g- and i-bands. Fits are analysed using the physically motivated flagging system presented in the original text, making adjustments for the differing signal-to-noise when necessary. We compare the fits in each of the g-, r-, and i-bands. Fixed aperture magnitudes and colours are also provided for all galaxies. The catalogues are available in electronic format.
description: 17 pages, 9 tables, 6 figures. Accepted to MNRAS. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1406.4179
Alongatepyris Azevedo 1992
Creators: name: Vargas R., įuan M.
name: Azevedo, Celso O.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Bethylidae
Alongatepyris

description: Alongatepyris Azevedo, 1992 Diagnosis. Body strongly flattened (Figs 2 and 7). Full winged; tegula present. Head slightly wider than maximum thorax width. Eye placed forward on head. Clypeus short. Antenna 13-segmented. Occipital carina absent. Palpal formula 6:3. Notaulus nearly absent. Parapsidal furrow and scutellar groove conspicuous. Propodeal disc with lateral, median and posterior carinae (Figs 1 and 6). Femora not well dilated. Fore wing elongate, with three closed cells, costal cell narrow, stigma small and prostigma large, submedian cell much shorter than median, these cells well separated from each other by median vein, radial vein tubular and narrow, pigmented (Figs 4 and 10).
description: Published as part of Vargas R., įuan M. & Azevedo, Celso O., 2008, Revison of Alongatepyris (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) with description of a new species from Colombia, pp. 843-846 in Revista Brasileira de Zoologia 25 (4) on page 844, DOI: 10.1590/S0101-81752008000400023, http://zenodo.org/record/3572687
description: {"references": ["AZEVEDO, C. O. 1992. Sobre os Sclerodermini (Hymenoptera, Bethylidae, Epyrinae) da regiao de Sao Carlos, SP. Revista Brasileira de Entomologia 36: 561 - 567."]}
Continuum Representation of Systems of Dislocation Lines: A General Method for Deriving Closed-Form Evolution Equations
Creators: name: Monavari, Mehran
name: Sandfeld, Stefan
name: Zaiser, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Plasticity is governed by the evolution of, in general anisotropic, systems of dislocations. We seek to faithfully represent this evolution in terms of density-like variables which average over the discrete dislocation microstructure. Starting from T. Hochrainer's continuum theory of dislocations (CDD), we introduce a methodology based on the 'Maximum Information Entropy Principle' (MIEP) for deriving closed-form evolution equations for dislocation density measures of different order. These equations provide an optimum representation of the kinematic properties of systems of curved and connected dislocation lines with the information contained in a given set of density measures. The performance of the derived equations is benchmarked against other models proposed in the literature, using discrete dislocation dynamics simulations as a reference. As a benchmark problem we study dislocations moving in a highly heterogeneous, persistent slip-band-like geometry. We demonstrate that excellent agreement with discrete simulations can be obtained in terms of a very small number of averaged dislocation fields containing information about the edge and screw components of the total and excess (geometrically necessary) dislocation densities. From these the full dislocation orientation distribution which emerges as dislocations move through a channel-wall structure can be faithfully reconstructed.
Deep learning based projection domain metal segmentation for metal artifact reduction in cone beam computed tomography
Creators: name: Agrawal, Harshit
name: Hietanen, Ari
name: Särkkä, Simo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Metal artifact correction is a challenging problem in cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scanning. Metal implants inserted into the anatomy cause severe artifacts in reconstructed images. Widely used inpainting-based metal artifact reduction (MAR) methods require segmentation of metal traces in the projections as a first step, which is a challenging task. One approach is to use a deep learning method to segment metals in the projections. However, the success of deep learning methods is limited by the availability of realistic training data. It is laborious and time consuming to get reliable ground truth annotations due to unclear implant boundaries and large numbers of projections. We propose to use X-ray simulations to generate synthetic metal segmentation training dataset from clinical CBCT scans. We compare the effect of simulations with different numbers of photons and also compare several training strategies to augment the available data. We compare our model's performance on real clinical scans with conventional region growing threshold-based MAR, moving metal artifact reduction method, and a recent deep learning method. We show that simulations with relatively small number of photons are suitable for the metal segmentation task and that training the deep learning model with full size and cropped projections together improves the robustness of the model. We show substantial improvement in the image quality affected by severe motion, voxel size under-sampling, and out-of-FOV metals. Our method can be easily integrated into the existing projection-based MAR pipeline to get improved image quality. This method can provide a novel paradigm to accurately segment metals in CBCT projections.
Why Diversify? Evaluating Nuclear Force Structures and Delivery Platforms
Creators: name: Buchleiter, Jon
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: This study builds on a growing body of recent scholarship of nuclear security and
evaluates states’ decisions about delivery platforms after acquiring nuclear weapons.
Enhancing understanding of nuclear force structure decisions and underlying motives has
significant policy implications as mature nuclear powers currently face decisions about
modernizing their arsenals and nascent nuclear powers choose which types of platforms
to develop. This study anticipates that states’ diversification of platforms will reflect
economic constraints and varied thinking about the utility of nuclear weapons.
Three main hypotheses to explain nuclear force structure decisions are proposed
including affordability, survivability, and usability. Quantitative findings for both the
affordability and survivability hypotheses are inconclusive. Stronger evidence is found
for the usability hypothesis supporting the view that states deploy a greater number of
tactical platforms in response to growing conventional threats. This quantitative evidence
is paired with qualitative case studies exploring the dynamics of force structure decisions
in both Pakistan and the United States that reflect the expectations of the usability and
survivability hypotheses.
Detect to Learn: Structure Learning with Attention and Decision Feedback for MIMO-OFDM Receive Processing
Creators: name: Xu, Jiarui
name: Li, Lianjun
name: Zheng, Lizhong
name: Liu, Lingjia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The limited over-the-air (OTA) pilot symbols in multiple-input-multiple-output orthogonal-frequency-division-multiplexing (MIMO-OFDM) systems presents a major challenge for detecting transmitted data symbols at the receiver, especially for machine learning-based approaches. While it is crucial to explore effective ways to exploit pilots, one can also take advantage of the data symbols to improve detection performance. Thus, this paper introduces an online attention-based approach, namely RC-AttStructNet-DF, that can efficiently utilize pilot symbols and be dynamically updated with the detected payload data using the decision feedback (DF) mechanism. Reservoir computing (RC) is employed in the time domain network to facilitate efficient online training. The frequency domain network adopts the novel 2D multi-head attention (MHA) module to capture the time and frequency correlations, and the structural-based StructNet to facilitate the DF mechanism. The attention loss is designed to learn the frequency domain network. The DF mechanism further enhances detection performance by dynamically tracking the channel changes through detected data symbols. The effectiveness of the RC-AttStructNet-DF approach is demonstrated through extensive experiments in MIMO-OFDM and massive MIMO-OFDM systems with different modulation orders and under various scenarios.
description: Accepted to IEEE Transactions on Communications
Integration Rules for Scattering Equations
Creators: name: Baadsgaard, Christian
name: Bjerrum-Bohr, N. E. J.
name: Bourjaily, Jacob L.
name: Damgaard, Poul H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As described by Cachazo, He and Yuan, scattering amplitudes in many quantum field theories can be represented as integrals that are fully localized on solutions to the so-called scattering equations. Because the number of solutions to the scattering equations grows quite rapidly, the contour of integration involves contributions from many isolated components. In this paper, we provide a simple, combinatorial rule that immediately provides the result of integration against the scattering equation constraints for any Möbius-invariant integrand involving only simple poles. These rules have a simple diagrammatic interpretation that makes the evaluation of any such integrand immediate. Finally, we explain how these rules are related to the computation of amplitudes in the field theory limit of string theory.
description: 30 pages, 29 figures
Cutaneous Perception and Physical Activity
Creators: name: Fry, Cassidy
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: Exercise has been suggested as a rehabilitative method for chronic pain patients, so it is of interest to determine the effects of regular exercise and physical activity on pain perception. Athletes have been shown to exhibit an altered level of pain modulation compared to inactive or regularly active individuals, though previous literature has put forth conflicting results as to whether athletes’ modulatory capacity is heightened or reduced. The current study seeks to redefine athleticism to allow for a more nuanced view of the impact of athletics on pain perception. We expanded upon the definition by measuring two distinct components – effort and ability. Undergraduate participants reported daily physical activity and exercise through the International Physical Activity Questionnaire, which served as their effort score. Subjects also gave a self-report of their overall athletic ability level. Conditioned pain modulation (CPM), or the tendency of one painful stimulus to inhibit another, was measured through a cold pressor-weighted rod task. For this task, subjects rated the pain induced by pressure stimuli applied to the forearm while they held the opposite hand in a container of thermally neutral or cold water. Ratings were compared between the two thermal conditions. Analyses revealed no relationship between CPM and athletic ability or effort. However, a significant negative correlation was found between athletic ability and cold water pain ratings, suggesting that athletes with heightened ability may have lower pain sensitivities. The current study offers a more thorough analysis of athleticism, and future studies should go beyond self-report to examine the variances in pain perception through direct measures of athletic ability and effort.
PDMP characterisation of event-chain Monte Carlo algorithms for particle systems
Creators: name: Monemvassitis, Athina
name: Guillin, Arnaud
name: Michel, Manon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Monte Carlo simulations of systems of particles such as hard spheres or soft spheres with singular kernels can display around a phase transition prohibitively long convergence times when using traditional Hasting-Metropolis reversible schemes. Efficient algorithms known as event-chain Monte Carlo were then developed to reach necessary accelerations. They are based on non-reversible continuous-time Markov processes. Proving invariance and ergodicity for such schemes cannot be done as for discrete-time schemes and a theoretical framework to do so was lacking, impeding the generalisation of ECMC algorithms to more sophisticated systems or processes. In this work, we characterize the Markov processes generated in ECMC as piecewise deterministic Markov processes. It first allows us to propose more general schemes, for instance regarding the direction refreshment. We then prove the invariance of the correct stationary distribution. Finally, we show the ergodicity of the processes in soft- and hard-sphere systems, with a density condition for the latter.
Non-intersecting path constructions for TASEP with inhomogeneous rates and the KPZ fixed point
Creators: name: Bisi, Elia
name: Liao, Yuchen
name: Saenz, Axel
name: Zygouras, Nikos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 05E05, 60Cxx, 82B23

description: We consider a discrete-time TASEP, where each particle jumps according to Bernoulli random variables with particle-dependent and time-inhomogeneous parameters. We use the combinatorics of the Robinson-Schensted-Knuth correspondence and certain intertwining relations to express the transition kernel of this interacting particle system in terms of ensembles of weighted, non-intersecting lattice paths and, consequently, as a marginal of a determinantal point process. We next express the joint distribution of the particle positions as a Fredholm determinant, whose correlation kernel is given in terms of a boundary-value problem for a discrete heat equation. The solution to such a problem finally leads us to a representation of the correlation kernel in terms of random walk hitting probabilities, generalising the formulation of Matetski, Quastel and Remenik (Acta Math., 2021) to the case of both particle- and time-inhomogeneous rates. The solution to the boundary value problem in the fully inhomogeneous case appears with a finer structure than in the homogeneous case.
description: 47 pages, 7 figures; Minor modifications and a few more references added
Origin of the large anisotropic g-factor of holes in bismuth
Creators: name: Fuseya, Yuki
name: Zhu, Zengwei
name: Fauqué, Benoît
name: Kang, Woun
name: Lenoir, Bertrand
name: Behnia, Kamran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ratio of the Zeeman splitting to the cyclotron energy ($M=ΔE_{\rm Z}/\hbar ω_{\rm c}$) for hole-like carriers in bismuth has been quantified with a great precision by many experiments performed during the past five decades. It exceeds 2 when the magnetic field is along the trigonal axis and vanishes in the perpendicular configuration. Theoretically, however, $M$ is expected to be isotropic and equal to unity in a two-band Dirac model. We argue that a solution to this half-a-century-old puzzle can be found by extending the $k\cdot p$ theory to multiple bands. Our model not only gives a quantitative account of magnitude and anisotropy of $M$ for hole-like carriers in bismuth, but also explains its contrasting evolution with antimony doping pressure, both probed by new experiments reported here. The present results have important implications for the magnitude and anisotropy of $M$ in other systems with strong spin-orbit coupling.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
รูปแบบองค์การเพื่อการจัดการการอำนวยความสะดวกทางการค้าและการขนส่งข้ามแดนและผ่านแดน (Organization Form for Managing the Facilitation of Cross Border and Transit of Trade and Transport)
Creators: name: จักรกฤษณ์ ดวงพัสตรา
Publisher: name: Mae Fah Luang University
Year: 2020
Subjects: รูปแบบองค์การ
การอำนวยความสะดวกทางการค้า
การอำนวยความสะดวกทางการขนส่ง
การขนส่งข้ามแดน
การขนส่งผ่านแดน
Organization forms
Trade facilitation
Transport facilitation
Cross border transport
Transit transport

description: MFU Connexion: Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences, 9, 1, 47
ASPCAP: The Apogee Stellar Parameter and Chemical Abundances Pipeline
Creators: name: Pérez, Ana E. García
name: Prieto, Carlos Allende
name: Holtzman, Jon A.
name: Shetrone, Matthew
name: Mészáros, Szabolcs
name: Bizyaev, Dmitry
name: Carrera, Ricardo
name: Cunha, Katia
name: García-Hernández, D. A.
name: Johnson, Jennifer A.
name: Majewski, Steven R.
name: Nidever, David L.
name: Schiavon, Ricardo P.
name: Shane, Neville
name: Smith, Verne V.
name: Sobeck, Jennifer
name: Troup, Nicholas
name: Zamora, Olga
name: Bovy, Jo
name: Eisenstein, Daniel J.
name: Feuillet, Diane
name: Frinchaboy, Peter M.
name: Hayden, Michael R.
name: Hearty, Fred R.
name: Nguyen, Duy C.
name: O'Connell, Robert W.
name: Pinsonneault, Marc H.
name: Weinberg, David H.
name: Wilson, John C.
name: Zasowski, Gail
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment (APOGEE) has built the largest moderately high-resolution (R=22, 500) spectroscopic map of the stars across the Milky Way, and including dust-obscured areas. The APOGEE Stellar Parameter and Chemical Abundances Pipeline (ASPCAP) is the software developed for the automated analysis of these spectra. ASPCAP determines atmospheric parameters and chemical abundances from observed spectra by comparing observed spectra to libraries of theoretical spectra, using chi-2 minimization in a multidimensional parameter space. The package consists of a fortran90 code that does the actual minimization, and a wrapper IDL code for book-keeping and data handling. This paper explains in detail the ASPCAP components and functionality, and presents results from a number of tests designed to check its performance. ASPCAP provides stellar effective temperatures, surface gravities, and metallicities precise to 2%, 0.1 dex, and 0.05 dex, respectively, for most APOGEE stars, which are predominantly giants. It also provides abundances for up to 15 chemical elements with various levels of precision, typically under 0.1 dex. The final data release (DR12) of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey III contains an APOGEE database of more than 150,000 stars. ASPCAP development continues in the SDSS-IV APOGEE-2 survey.
description: 19 pages,11 figures - Submitted to The Astronomical Journal
Pre-images of extreme points of the numerical range, and applications
Creators: name: Spitkovsky, Ilya M.
name: Weis, Stephan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 47A12, 54C10, 62F30, 94A17

description: We extend the pre-image representation of exposed points of the numerical range of a matrix to all extreme points. With that we characterize extreme points which are multiply generated, having at least two linearly independent pre-images, as the extreme points which are Hausdorff limits of flat boundary portions on numerical ranges of a sequence converging to the given matrix. These studies address the inverse numerical range map and the maximum-entropy inference map which are continuous functions on the numerical range except possibly at certain multiply generated extreme points. This work also allows us to describe closures of subsets of 3-by-3 matrices having the same shape of the numerical range.
description: 19 pages, no figures, v2 has corrected proofs of Lemma 2.2 and Lemma 3.3
The Economic Impact of Substandard and Falsified Antimalarial Medications in Nigeria
Creators: name: Beargie, Sarah
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2019

description: IntroductionSubstandard and falsified medications pose significant risks to global health. Nearly one in five antimalarials circulating in low- and middle-income countries are substandard or falsified. We assessed the health and economic impact of substandard and falsified antimalarials on children under five in Nigeria, where malaria is endemic and poor-quality medications are commonplace.MethodsWe developed a dynamic agent-based SAFARI (Substandard and Falsified Antimalarial Research Impact) model to capture the impact of antimalarial use in Nigeria. The model simulated children with background characteristics, malaria infections, patient care-seeking, disease progression, treatment outcomes, and incurred costs. Using scenario analyses, we simulated the impact of substandard and falsified medicines, antimalarial resistance, as well as possible interventions to improve the quality of treatment, reduce stock-outs, and educate caregivers about antimalarial quality. ResultsWe estimated that poor quality antimalarials are responsible for 12,300 deaths annually and $892 million ($890-$893 million) in costs in Nigeria. If antimalarial resistance develops, we simulated that current costs of malaria could increase by $839 million (11% increase, $837-$841 million). The northern regions of Nigeria have a greater burden as compared to the southern regions, with 9,700 deaths and $698 million ($697-$700 million) in total economic losses annually due to substandard and falsified antimalarials. Furthermore, our scenario analyses demonstrated that possible interventions—such as removing stock-outs in all facilities ($1.11 billion), having only ACTs available for treatment ($594 million), and 20% more patients seeking care ($469 million)—can save hundreds of millions in costs annually in Nigeria.ConclusionsThe results highlight the significant health and economic burden of poor quality antimalarials in Nigeria, and the impact of potential interventions to counter them. In order to reduce the burden of malaria and prevent antimalarials from developing resistance, policymakers and donors must understand the problem and implement interventions to reduce the impact of ineffective and harmful antimalarials.
Alongatepyris Azevedo 1992
Creators: name: Vargas R., įuan M.
name: Azevedo, Celso O.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Bethylidae
Alongatepyris

description: Key to species of Alongatepyris (females) 1. Head subquadrate (Fig. 1); anterior margin of pronotal disc slightly convex (Fig. 1); propodeal disc conspicuously narrowing posterad (Fig. 1); fore wing with long radial vein, discoidal vein absent (Fig. 4)...... A. platunissimus Azevedo 1’. Head elongate (Fig. 6); anterior margin of pronotal disc broadly convex (Fig. 6); propodeal disc slightly narrowing posterad (Fig. 6); fore wing without radial vein, discoidal vein short as stub (Fig. 10)..................... A. ingens sp. nov.
description: Published as part of Vargas R., įuan M. & Azevedo, Celso O., 2008, Revison of Alongatepyris (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) with description of a new species from Colombia, pp. 843-846 in Revista Brasileira de Zoologia 25 (4) on page 844, DOI: 10.1590/S0101-81752008000400023, http://zenodo.org/record/3572687
The evolution of lossy compression
Creators: name: Marzen, Sarah E.
name: DeDeo, Simon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In complex environments, there are costs to both ignorance and perception. An organism needs to track fitness-relevant information about its world, but the more information it tracks, the more resources it must devote to memory and processing. Rate-distortion theory shows that, when errors are allowed, remarkably efficient internal representations can be found by biologically-plausible hill-climbing mechanisms. We identify two regimes: a high-fidelity regime where perceptual costs scale logarithmically with environmental complexity, and a low-fidelity regime where perceptual costs are, remarkably, independent of the environment. When environmental complexity is rising, Darwinian evolution should drive organisms to the threshold between the high- and low-fidelity regimes. Organisms that code efficiently will find themselves able to make, just barely, the most subtle distinctions in their environment.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures
A Phantom Menace: On the Morphology of the Galactic Center Excess
Creators: name: McDermott, Samuel D.
name: Zhong, Yi-Ming
name: Cholis, Ilias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The characteristics of the Galactic Center Excess (GCE) emission observed in gamma-ray energies -- especially the morphology of the GCE -- remain a hotly debated subject. The manner in which the dominant diffuse gamma-ray background is modeled has been claimed to have a determining effect on the preferred morphology. In this work, we compare two distinct approaches to the galactic diffuse gamma-ray emission background: the first approach models this emission through templates calculated from a sequence of well-defined astrophysical assumptions, while the second approach divides surrogates for the background gamma-ray emission into cylindrical galactocentric rings with free independent normalizations. At the latitudes that we focus on, we find that the former approach works better, and that the overall best fit is obtained for an astrophysically motivated fit when the GCE follows the morphology expected of dark matter annihilation. Quantitatively, the improvement compared to the best ring-based fits is roughly 6500 in the chi^2 and roughly 4000 in the log of the Bayesian evidence.
description: 10 pages (including the appendix), code available at https://github.com/samueldmcdermott/gcepy
Transcriptional regulation by lncRNAs examined via TETRIS assay
Creators: name: Baker, Allison
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a class of gene transcripts that do not code for a
protein product, but instead interact in the cell. Recent studies have identified thousands of
predicted lncRNAs in the human genome, and evidence increasingly suggests their importance in
development and disease, yet few have a known function. Of these, many lncRNAs affect
epigenetic states by regulating transcription, such as Xist, which silences genes in X chromosome
inactivation.
Generalized mode-coupling theory of the glass transition: schematic results at finite and infinite order
Creators: name: Janssen, Liesbeth M. C.
name: Mayer, Peter
name: Reichman, David R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an extensive treatment of the generalized mode-coupling theory (GMCT) of the glass transition, which seeks to describe the dynamics of glass-forming liquids using only static structural information as input. This theory amounts to an infinite hierarchy of coupled equations for multi-point density correlations, the lowest-order closure of which is equivalent to standard mode-coupling theory. Here we focus on simplified schematic GMCT hierarchies, which lack any explicit wavevector-dependence and therefore allow for greater analytical and numerical tractability. For one particular schematic model, we derive the unique analytic solution of the infinite hierarchy, and demonstrate that closing the hierarchy at finite order leads to uniform convergence as the closure level increases. We also show numerically that a similarly robust convergence pattern emerges for more generic schematic GMCT models, suggesting that the GMCT framework is generally convergent, even though no small parameter exists in the theory. Finally, we discuss how different effective weights on the high-order contributions ultimately control whether the transition is continuous, discontinuous, or strictly avoided, providing new means to relate structure to dynamics in glass-forming systems.
High Deductible Health Plans and Outcomes for Patients with Diabetes: A Realist Review
Creators: name: Joshi, Pooja
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2019

description: Objective: This study summarizes current literature on the association between high deductible health plans (HDHPs) and outcomes for patients with diabetes, as well as elucidates factors that may be influencing the association between the two variables.Methods: A rapid realist review was conducted to synthesize empirical studies on the implementation of HDHPs among populations with diabetes. Study outcomes varied but included emergency department visits, outpatient visits, and medication adherence.Results: Sixteen articles were selected for inclusion in the review. Eleven found an association between HDHP enrollment and adverse health outcomes. Across studies, three factors influenced the effects of HDHPs on diabetes patients: income, health literacy, and intentionality of plan choice. Policy solutions to address each of these factors were distilled from the suggestions in each study.Conclusions: These findings elucidate certain factors that should be at the forefront of any discussion on reforming HDHP structure in the United States. This review will inform the scope of future work conducted by the Center for the Business of Health at UNC on the effects of HDHPs. Future research is needed with more specific outcomes measures to confirm that adverse health outcomes are being experienced by vulnerable populations.
Risk Factors for the Occurrence of Scalp Hematoma in Term Neonates in King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital
Creators: name: Chaiyawut  Paiboonborirak
Publisher: name: PIMDEE Co., Ltd.
Year: 2018
Subjects: birth injury, cephalhematoma, subgaleal hemorrhage, term neonate

description: Thai Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 26, 3, 175-181
Classification of Hamiltonian non-abelian Painlevé type systems
Creators: name: Bobrova, Irina
name: Sokolov, Vladimir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: All Hamiltonian non-abelian Painlevé systems of ${\rm{P}}_{1}-{\rm{P}}_{6}$ type with constant coefficients are found. For ${\rm{P}}_{1}-{\rm{P}}_{5}$ systems, we replace an appropriate inessential constant parameter with a non-abelian constant. To prove the integrability of new ${\rm{P}}_{3}^{\prime}$ and ${\rm{P}}_{5}$ systems thus obtained, we find isomonodromic Lax pairs for them.
description: Some typos were fixed
Interior Nucleation of Martensite in a Cubic-to-Tetragonal Phase Transformation
Creators: name: Muehlemann, Anton
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 74A50, 74N05, 74N15

description: Using a variational model based on non-linear elasticity we investigate whether in a cubic-to-tetragonal phase transformation it is energetically preferable to nucleate martensite within austenite. Under minimal growth assumptions on the free energy density $W$ away from the wells, we derive explicit upper bounds on $W^{qc}({\mathbb{I}})$, i.e. on the macroscopic free energy density of a region that has been macroscopically deformed by the identity map. The bounds only depend on material parameters, the temperature difference and the growth of $W$ away from the wells. By comparing $W^{qc}({\mathbb{I}})$ and $W({\mathbb{I}})$ we conclude that nucleation is always energetically preferable and are able to provide quantitative upper bounds for the gain in negative energy due to nucleation.
description: ICOMAT 2014
Cnidoscolus calyptrodontus Fern. Casas, Fontqueria
Creators: name: Maya-Lastra, Carlos A.
name: Steinmann, Victor W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Malpighiales
Euphorbiaceae
Cnidoscolus
Cnidoscolus calyptrodontus

description: 22. Cnidoscolus calyptrodontus Fern.Casas, Fontqueria 55: 573 (2008). Type:— BRAZIL. Bahia: Vila Ventura, 11°40 ′ 0 ″ S, 41°1 ′ 0 ″ W, 9 December 2006, M.L. Guedes, D. Rigueira & Alunos de Bot. III 12986 (holotype ALCB-000068).
 Distribution:— Brazil (regional endemic).
 Notes:— The specimen M.L. Guedes, J.S. Santos & R. de Valadão 13174 (ALCB-000075!) was incorrectly stated by Fernández-Casas (2008d) to be an isotype, when in fact it is a paratype.
description: Published as part of Maya-Lastra, Carlos A. & Steinmann, Victor W., 2018, A Nomenclator of Cnidoscolus (Euphorbiaceae), pp. 1-30 in Phytotaxa 346 (1) on page 8, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.346.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/13708395