cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Full-shape cosmology analysis of SDSS-III BOSS galaxy power spectrum using emulator-based halo model: a $5\%$ determination of $σ_8$
Creators: name: Kobayashi, Yosuke
name: Nishimichi, Takahiro
name: Takada, Masahiro
name: Miyatake, Hironao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results obtained from the full-shape cosmology analysis of the redshift-space power spectra for 4 galaxy samples of the SDSS-III BOSS DR12 galaxy catalog over $0.2 < z < 0.75$. For the theoretical template, we use an emulator that was built from an ensemble set of $N$-body simulations, which enables fast and accurate computation of the redshift-space power spectrum of halos. Combining with the halo occupation distribution to model the halo-galaxy connection, we can compute the redshift-space power spectrum of BOSS-like galaxies in the flat $Λ$CDM cosmology. In our cosmology inference, we use the power spectrum monopole, quadrupole and hexadecapole and include 7 nuisance parameters to model uncertainties in the halo-galaxy connection for each galaxy sample, but do not use any information on the abundance of galaxies. We demonstrate a validation of our analysis pipeline using the mock catalogs of BOSS-like galaxies, generated using different recipes of the halo-galaxy connection and including the assembly bias effect. Assuming weak priors on cosmological parameters, except for $Ω_{\rm b}h^2$ and $n_{\rm s}$, we show that our model well reproduces the BOSS power spectra. Including the power spectrum information up to $k_{\rm max}=0.25\,h{\rm Mpc}^{-1}$, we find $Ω_\mathrm{m}=0.301^{+0.012}_{-0.011}$, $H_0=68.2 \pm 1.4~\mathrm{km\,s}^{-1}\mathrm{Mpc}^{-1}$, and $σ_8=0.786^{+0.036}_{-0.037}$, for the mode and 68\% credible interval, after marginalization over nuisance parameters. We find little improvement in the cosmological parameters beyond a maximum wavelength $k_{\rm max}\simeq 0.2\,h\,{\rm Mpc}^{-1}$ due to the shot noise domination and marginalization of the halo-galaxy connection parameters. Our results are consistent with the Planck CMB results within $1σ$ statistical uncertainties.
description: 27 pages, 18 figures, accepted by Phys. Rev. D. The main results are replaced with the analysis of the updated measurement of BOSS DR12 power spectrum provided by Beutler & McDonald (2021, arXiv:2106.06324)
Reconsidering Durkheim’s Assessment of Tarde : Toward a Theory of “Imitation” and the Spread of Suicide
Creators: name: Abrutyn, Seth
name: Mueller, Anna S.
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2018

description: Emile Durkheim summarily rejected Gabriel Tarde’s imitation thesis, arguing that sociology need only concern itself with social suicide rates. Over a century later, a burgeoning body of suicide research has challenged Durkheim’s claim to a general theory of suicide as four decades worth of evidence has firmly established that (1) there is a positive association between the publicization of celebrity suicides and a spike in the aggregate suicide rate, (2) some social environments are conducive to epidemic-like outbreaks of suicides, and (3) suicidal ideas or behavior spreads to some individuals exposed to a personal role model’s suicidal behavior—e.g., a friend or family member. Revisiting Tarde, the paper examines why Tarde’s theory deserves renewed attention, elucidates what he meant by imitation, and then formalizes his “laws” into testable theses, while suggesting future research questions that would advance the study of suicide, as well as other pathologies. Each “law” is elaborated by considering advances in contemporary social psychology as well as in light of its ability to supplement Durkheim’s theory in explaining the “outlier” cases.
Examining key determinants of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) adoption in Vietnam: an institutional perspective
Creators: name: Phan, Duc Hong Thi
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: Dr Phan's thesis examined key determinants of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) adoption in Vietnam. IFRS are designed to be a single high quality set of global accounting standards. However, the relevance of IFRS to different countries with different institutional and legal environments is questionable. Different hypothesised structural models were tested using survey data of Vietnamese accountants' perceptions on IFRS. The findings reveal that Vietnam is not yet ready to embrace full adoption of IFRS as mandatory standards in the short-term. A five-year period for transition and preparation with many difficulties and obstacles associated with IFRS implementation is anticipated.
title: Mail à Hervé Latapie
Creators: name: Leibowitch, Jacques
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020

description: Source: http://www.calames.abes.fr/pub/ms/Calames-20193111133487611
Ordinal Synchronization and Typical States in High-Frequency Digital Markets
Creators: name: Pérez, Mario López
name: Mansilla, Ricardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Mathematical Finance (q-fin.MF)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: 91B80 (Primary), 94-10, 91-10, 91B84 (Secondary)

description: In this paper we study Algorithmic High-Frequency Financial Markets as dynamical networks. After an individual analysis of 24 stocks of the US market during a trading year of fully automated transactions by means of ordinal pattern series, we define an information-theoretic measure of pairwise synchronization for time series which allows us to study this subset of the US market as a dynamical network. We apply to the resulting network a couple of clustering algorithms in order to detect collective market states, characterized by their degree of centralized or descentralized synchronicity. This collective analysis has shown to reproduce, classify and explain the anomalous behavior previously observed at the individual level. We also find two whole coherent seasons of highly centralized and descentralized synchronicity, respectively. Finally, we model these states dynamics through a simple Markov model.
description: Two brief appendices have been added at the end of the paper to deal with correlation coefficient-based dynamical networks and multi-scale analysis. The paper was accepted for publication in "Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications"
FE-Adapter: Adapting Image-based Emotion Classifiers to Videos
Creators: name: Gowda, Shreyank N
name: Gao, Boyan
name: Clifton, David A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Utilizing large pre-trained models for specific tasks has yielded impressive results. However, fully fine-tuning these increasingly large models is becoming prohibitively resource-intensive. This has led to a focus on more parameter-efficient transfer learning, primarily within the same modality. But this approach has limitations, particularly in video understanding where suitable pre-trained models are less common. Addressing this, our study introduces a novel cross-modality transfer learning approach from images to videos, which we call parameter-efficient image-to-video transfer learning. We present the Facial-Emotion Adapter (FE-Adapter), designed for efficient fine-tuning in video tasks. This adapter allows pre-trained image models, which traditionally lack temporal processing capabilities, to analyze dynamic video content efficiently. Notably, it uses about 15 times fewer parameters than previous methods, while improving accuracy. Our experiments in video emotion recognition demonstrate that the FE-Adapter can match or even surpass existing fine-tuning and video emotion models in both performance and efficiency. This breakthrough highlights the potential for cross-modality approaches in enhancing the capabilities of AI models, particularly in fields like video emotion analysis where the demand for efficiency and accuracy is constantly rising.
Solving Large Break Minimization Problems in a Mirrored Double Round-robin Tournament Using Quantum Annealing
Creators: name: Kuramata, Michiya
name: Katsuki, Ryota
name: Nakata, Kazuhide
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Quantum annealing (QA) has gained considerable attention because it can be applied to combinatorial optimization problems, which have numerous applications in logistics, scheduling, and finance. In recent years, research on solving practical combinatorial optimization problems using them has accelerated. However, researchers struggle to find practical combinatorial optimization problems, for which quantum annealers outperform other mathematical optimization solvers. Moreover, there are only a few studies that compare the performance of quantum annealers with one of the most sophisticated mathematical optimization solvers, such as Gurobi and CPLEX. In our study, we determine that QA demonstrates better performance than the solvers in the break minimization problem in a mirrored double round-robin tournament (MDRRT). We also explain the desirable performance of QA for the sparse interaction between variables and a problem without constraints. In this process, we demonstrate that the break minimization problem in an MDRRT can be expressed as a 4-regular graph. Through computational experiments, we solve this problem using our QA approach and two-integer programming approaches, which were performed using the latest quantum annealer D-Wave Advantage, and the sophisticated mathematical optimization solver, Gurobi, respectively. Further, we compare the quality of the solutions and the computational time. QA was able to determine the exact solution in 0.05 seconds for problems with 20 teams, which is a practical size. In the case of 36 teams, it took 84.8 s for the integer programming method to reach the objective function value, which was obtained by the quantum annealer in 0.05 s. These results not only present the break minimization problem in an MDRRT as an example of applying QA to practical optimization problems, but also contribute to find problems that can be effectively solved by QA.
description: 12pages, 2 figures
Perception of the architectural heritage elements of Wroclaw by the students of Wroclaw high schools
Creators: name: Czajkowski, Paweł
name: Pabjan, Barbara
Publisher: name: Faculty of Architecture, Wrocław University of Technology, Wrocław
Year: 2012
Subjects: architectural heritage of the city, cultural rememberance of the young people

description: ARCHITECTUS; ISSN 1429-7507
Global Stochastic Optimization of Stellarator Coil Configurations
Creators: name: Glas, Silke
name: Padidar, Misha
name: Kellison, Ariel
name: Bindel, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the construction of a stellarator, the manufacturing and assembling of the coil system is a dominant cost. These coils need to satisfy strict engineering tolerances, and if those are not met the project could be canceled as in the case of the National Compact Stellarator Experiment (NCSX) project [25]. Therefore, our goal is to find coil configurations that increase construction tolerances without compromising the performance of the magnetic field. In this paper, we develop a gradient-based stochastic optimization model which seeks robust stellarator coil configurations in high dimensions. In particular, we design a two-step method: first, we perform an approximate global search by a sample efficient trust-region Bayesian optimization; second, we refine the minima found in step one with a stochastic local optimizer. To this end, we introduce two stochastic local optimizers: BFGS applied to the Sample Average Approximation and Adam, equipped with a control variate for variance reduction. Numerical experiments performed on a W7-X-like coil configuration demonstrate that our global optimization approach finds a variety of promising local solutions at less than 0.1% of the cost of previous work, which considered solely local stochastic optimization.
description: 19 pages, 4 figures, 3 tables
title: Principaux alignements d'épicentres séismiques au Maroc
title: Principaux alignements d'épicentres séismiques au Maroc
Creators: name: :Unkn
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Risques
subject: Zone sismique

description: Cartographie
description: BESM-carto_1959-83-p299_83-03
description: 299
description: 83
description: Bulletin économique et social du Maroc
description: Source: Maison méditerranéenne des sciences de l'homme, Cité numérique de la Méditerranée (Cinumed), Bibliothèque nationale du Royaume du Maroc (BNRM)
description: Source: Bulletin économique et social du Maroc
description: Source: Bulletin économique et social du Maroc (BESM) > BESM (Cartographie)
description: Relation: https://cinumed.mmsh.univ-aix.fr/idurl/1/81730
description: Coverage: Maroc
description: Coverage: XXe siècle
description: Temporal: XXe siècle
description: Bibliographic citation: « Principaux alignements d'épicentres séismiques au Maroc », In Bulletin économique et social du Maroc (BESM), n° 83, 1959
description: Provenance: Maison méditerranéenne des sciences de l'homme, Cité numérique de la Méditerranée (Cinumed), Bibliothèque nationale du Royaume du Maroc (BNRM)
description: Provenance: https://cinumed.mmsh.univ-aix.fr/
Effect of opening-wedge high tibial osteotomy on three-dimensional knee kinematics
Creators: name: D'Entremont, Agnes Germaine
name: McCormack, Robert G.
name: Horlick, Simon G. D.
name: Stone, Trevor B.
name: Manzary, Mojieb M.
name: Wilson, David R.
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2018

description: While it is clear that opening-wedge high tibial osteotomy (HTO) changes alignment in the coronal plane, which is its objective, it is not clear how this procedure affects knee kinematics through the range of joint motion and in other planes. Our research question was: how does opening-wedge HTO change three-dimensional tibiofemoral and patellofemoral kinematics in loaded flexion in patients with varus deformity? Three-dimensional kinematics were assessed over 0-60° of loaded flexion using a MR method before and after opening-wedge HTO in a cohort of 14 knees of 13 male subjects. At 6 and 12 months post-op, opening-wedge HTO caused increased tibial anterior translation (mean 2.6 mm, p < 0.001), decreased patellar proximal translation (mean -2.2 mm, p < 0.001), decreased patellar spin (mean -1.4°, p < 0.05), increased patellar tilt (mean 2.2°, p < 0.05), and changed three other parameters. Mean WOMAC score decreased significantly (p < 0.001) from 49.6 (SD 16.4) preoperatively to 28.2 (SD 16.6) at 6 months and 22.5 (SD 14.4) at 12 months. The three-dimensional kinematic changes found may be important in explaining inconsistency in clinical outcomes, and suggest that measures in addition to coronal plane alignment should be considered.
SMART-Plant_IWARR2019_Life Cycle Assessment of an Ion Exchange Technology for Nutrient Removal and Recovery from Municipal Wastewater
Creators: name: L. Conzelmann
name: C. Remy
name: A. Soares
name: S. Guida
name: P. Vale
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Nutrient recovery
municipal wastewater
high effluent quality
Life Cycle Assessment

description: Abstract: Recovery of nutrients as well as the requirement to meet low effluent values are recent
 challenges for municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTP). Therefore, an ion exchange process
 (IEX) was developed, which is integrated in the secondary effluent of a WWTP to eliminate and
 recover ammonium and phosphate. This study compares a simple WWTP without targeted nutrient
 removal in combination with a downstream IEX and a generic reference WWTP with biological
 nutrient removal in their environmental impacts, using the Life Cycle Assessment method. Preliminary
 results suggest that an IEX can be beneficial due to upstream energy savings in the WWTP. The results
 strongly depend on the technical solution for recovery of the IEX regeneration solution.
Quantum state preparation, tomography, and entanglement of mechanical oscillators
Creators: name: Wollack, E. Alex
name: Cleland, Agnetta Y.
name: Gruenke, Rachel G.
name: Wang, Zhaoyou
name: Arrangoiz-Arriola, Patricio
name: Safavi-Naeini, Amir H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Precisely engineered mechanical oscillators keep time, filter signals, and sense motion, making them an indispensable part of today's technological landscape. These unique capabilities motivate bringing mechanical devices into the quantum domain by interfacing them with engineered quantum circuits. Proposals to combine microwave-frequency mechanical resonators with superconducting devices suggest the possibility of powerful quantum acoustic processors. Meanwhile, experiments in several mechanical systems have demonstrated quantum state control and readout, phonon number resolution, and phonon-mediated qubit-qubit interactions. Currently, these acoustic platforms lack processors capable of controlling multiple mechanical oscillators' quantum states with a single qubit, and the rapid quantum non-demolition measurements of mechanical states needed for error correction. Here we use a superconducting qubit to control and read out the quantum state of a pair of nanomechanical resonators. Our device is capable of fast qubit-mechanics swap operations, which we use to deterministically manipulate the mechanical states. By placing the qubit into the strong dispersive regime with both mechanical resonators simultaneously, we determine the resonators' phonon number distributions via Ramsey measurements. Finally, we present quantum tomography of the prepared nonclassical and entangled mechanical states. Our result represents a concrete step toward feedback-based operation of a quantum acoustic processor.
description: 13 pages, 4+5 figures
Revising inelastic dark matter direct detection by including the cosmic ray acceleration
Creators: name: Feng, Jie-Cheng
name: Kang, Xian-Wei
name: Lu, Chih-Ting
name: Tsai, Yue-Lin Sming
name: Zhang, Feng-Shou
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The null signal from collider and dark matter (DM) direct detector experiments makes the interaction between DM and visible matter too small to reproduce the correct relic density for many thermal DM models. The remaining parameter space indicates that two almost degenerated states in the dark sector, the inelastic DM scenario, can co-annihilate in the early universe to produce the correct relic density. Regarding the direct detection of the inelastic DM scenario, the virialized DM component from the nearby halo is nonrelativistic and not able to excite the DM ground state, even if the relevant couplings can be considerable. Thus, a DM with a large mass splitting can evade traditional virialized DM direct detection. In this study, we connect the concept of cosmic-ray accelerated DM in our Milky Way and the direct detection of inelastic scattering in underground detectors to explore spectra that result from several interaction types of the inelastic DM. We find that the mass splitting $δ
description: 38 pages, 12 figures, JHEP accepted version
Extension of Localisation Operators to Ultradistributional Symbols With Super-Exponential Growth
Creators: name: Pilipović, Stevan
name: Prangoski, Bojan
name: Vučković, Đorđe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 47G30, 46F05, 35S05

description: In the Gelfand-Shilov setting, the localisation operator $A^{φ_1,φ_2}_a$ is equal to the Weyl operator whose symbol is the convolution of $a$ with the Wigner transform of the windows $φ_2$ and $φ_1$. We employ this fact, to extend the definition of localisation operators to symbols $a$ having very fast super-exponential growth by allowing them to be mappings from ${\mathcal D}^{\{M_p\}}(\mathbb R^d)$ into ${\mathcal D}'^{\{M_p\}}(\mathbb R^d)$, where $M_p$, $p\in\mathbb N$, is a non-quasi-analytic Gevrey type sequence. By choosing the windows $φ_1$ and $φ_2$ appropriately, our main results show that one can consider symbols with growth in position space of the form $\exp(\exp(l|\cdot|^q))$, $l,q>0$.
Is prescribing information from sales representatives balanced?
Creators: name: Therapeutics Initiative (University Of British Columbia)
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2023

description: Therapeutics Letter 91 considers whether prescribing information from sales representatives is balanced. Conclusions: Sales representatives increase sales of the drugs they promote. A recent study in Canada, the US and France showed that sales representatives seldom provide the information on harm that is needed for rational, evidence-based prescribing decisions. Greater regulation of sales visits in France is associated with a higher likelihood that information about harm is provided, although serious harm remains underreported. Prescribing decisions require balanced understanding of potential harm as well as benefit, especially for newer, less familiar drugs. Promotional information is unlikely to meet that need.
Boîte 29 304 à 305 Roux M3 pdf
Creators: name: UMR 7055 Préhistoire Et Technologie
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2019

description: Source: Technothèque de l'UMR 7055 Préhistoire et Technologie, Référentiel de la technologie céramique
Momentum-Space Spin Antivortex and Spin Transport in Monolayer Pb
Creators: name: Yang, Kaijie
name: Wang, Yuanxi
name: Liu, Chao-Xing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Non-trivial momentum-space spin texture of electrons can be induced by spin-orbit coupling and underpins various spin transport phenomena, such as current-induced spin polarization and spin Hall effect. In this work, we find a non-trivial spin texture, spin anti-vortex, can appear at certain momenta on the $Γ-\text K$ line in 2D monolayer Pb on top of SiC. Different from spin vortex due to the band degeneracy in the Rashba model, the existence of this spin anti-vortex is guaranteed by Poincare-Hopf theorem and thus topologically stable. Accompanied with this spin anti-vortex, a Lifshtiz transition of Fermi surfaces occur at certain momenta on the $\text K- \text M$ line, and both phenomena are originated from the anti-crossing between the $j=1/2$ and $j=3/2$ bands. A rapid variation of the response coefficients for both the current-induced spin polarization and spin Hall conductivity is found when the Fermi energy is tuned around the spin anti-vortex. Our work demonstrates the monolayer Pb as a potentially appealing platform for spintronic applications.
Post-Newtonian parameters of ghost-free parity-violating gravities
Creators: name: Qiao, Jin
name: Zhu, Tao
name: Li, Guoliang
name: Zhao, Wen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the slow-motion and weak-field approximation of the general ghost-free parity-violating (PV) theory of gravity in the parametrized post-Newtonian (PPN) framework and derive the perturbative field equations, which are modified by the PV terms of this theory. The complete PPN parameters are obtained by solving the perturbative field equations. We find that all the PPN parameters are exactly the same as those in general relativity, except for an extra parameter $κ$, which is caused by the new curl-type term in the gravitomagnetic sector of the metric in this theory. We calculate the precession effects of gyroscopes in this theory and constrain the model parameters by the observations of the Gravity Probe B experiment.
description: 20 pages, 1 figure
AugerPrime -- The upgrade of the Pierre Auger Observatory
Creators: name: Stasielak, Jaroslaw
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) are studied with giant ground-based detector systems recording extensive air showers, induced by cosmic ray particles in the atmosphere. Research at the Pierre Auger Observatory - the largest of such detectors ever built -- largely contributed to a number of breakthroughs and dramatically advanced our understanding of UHECRs. Nonetheless, the results so far are still inconclusive as neither have the sources of these most energetic particles known in the Universe been determined, nor has the origin of the unambiguously established cosmic ray flux suppression above 40 EeV been fully understood. At the same time, precise measurements of the muon component of the extensive air showers on the ground show discrepancies with the predictions of hadronic interaction models. The explanation of these puzzles, which are closely related to each other, is one of the most important goals of modern astrophysics. The results obtained by the Pierre Auger Observatory indicate that further advances in understanding UHECRs require an improvement of the measuring capabilities of existing detectors, where the key feature is a superior separation of the muonic and electromagnetic components of air showers. AugerPrime, the ongoing upgrade of the Pierre Auger Observatory has been designed for this task. The main objective of the AugerPrime is to enhance the sensitivity of our analyses to the masses of cosmic rays, which will help to elucidate the origin of the UHECRs. In this paper we overview the main features of the AugerPrime design, its current status, and discuss the goals and potential capabilities of the upgraded Observatory.
description: Proceedings of 9th International Conference on New Frontiers in Physics (ICNFP 2020), paper submitted to IJMPA
Review of surveillance systems for tephritid fruit fly threats in Australia, New Zealand, and the United States
Creators: name: Kean, John
name: Manoukis, Nicholas C.
name: Dominiak, Bernie
Publisher: name: AgResearch
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 410202
subject: Biosecurity science and invasive species ecology

description: Many countries conduct fruit fly surveillance but, while there are guidelines, practices vary widely. This review of some countries in the Pacific region demonstrates the diversity of fruit fly surveillance practices. All utilize 3 parapheromones—trimedlure, cuelure, and methyl eugenol—to trap adult male fruit flies. Some target species are not attracted to these compounds so other attractants such as food-based lures are used in certain areas or circumstances. Lure loading and replacement cycles depend on the target species and the local climate. Malathion and dichlorvos (DDVP) are commonly used toxicants, but not in all countries, and other toxicants are being developed to replace these older-generation pesticides. Jackson and Lynfield are commonly used trap designs but newer designs such as cone and Biotrap are being adopted. Local factors such as chemical registrations and climate affect the choice of trap, lure, dispenser, toxicant, and bait concentration. These choices affect the efficacy of traps, in turn influencing optimal trap deployment in space and time. Most states now follow similar practices around trap inspection, servicing, and data handling, but these processes will be disrupted by emerging automated trap technologies. Ultimately, different practices can be attributed to the unique fruit fly risk profiles faced by each state, particularly the suite of fruit flies already present and those that threaten from nearby. Despite the diversity of approaches, international trade in fruit continues with the assurance that fruit fly surveillance practices evolve and improve according to each country’s risk profile and incursion experience.
An investigation on the use of Large Language Models for hyperparameter tuning in Evolutionary Algorithms
Creators: name: Custode, Leonardo Lucio
name: Caraffini, Fabio
name: Yaman, Anil
name: Iacca, Giovanni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Hyperparameter optimization is a crucial problem in Evolutionary Computation. In fact, the values of the hyperparameters directly impact the trajectory taken by the optimization process, and their choice requires extensive reasoning by human operators. Although a variety of self-adaptive Evolutionary Algorithms have been proposed in the literature, no definitive solution has been found. In this work, we perform a preliminary investigation to automate the reasoning process that leads to the choice of hyperparameter values. We employ two open-source Large Language Models (LLMs), namely Llama2-70b and Mixtral, to analyze the optimization logs online and provide novel real-time hyperparameter recommendations. We study our approach in the context of step-size adaptation for (1+1)-ES. The results suggest that LLMs can be an effective method for optimizing hyperparameters in Evolution Strategies, encouraging further research in this direction.
description: Proceedings of the GECCO'24 Companion: Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference Companion
Economic impact of the 2014 Special Olympics summer games on the BC economy
Creators: name: Somerville, Tsur
name: Taylor, Blake
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia. Centre for Urban Economics and Real Estate
Year: 2014

description: The Special Olympics offers an exceptional opportunity for persons with intellectual disabilities to come together through sport. The program transforms the lives of all those who participate, assist, or watch the events, changing attitudes about disabilities, and in the process to make all of us and our communities stronger. By bringing people together, Special Olympics teaches us to recognize our similarities rather than focus on our differences. This past July, UBC and Vancouver hosted the 2014 Special Olympics Canada Summer Games at UBC’s Point Grey campus. Over 2000 participants and coaches were joined by an estimated 2000 family members, friends, and other spectators in competition as well as marvel in and celebrate the achievements of the participants. Hosting a national event may also bring an economic benefit to the host community and province. This report summarizes the analysis of the net economic impact of the July 2014 Games on the Province of British Columbia. Using provincial input-­‐output tables, survey and registration information for participants and attendees, and Tourism Vancouver surveys, the Games is estimated to have provided a boost of $1,027,000 to the provincial GDP, $139,000 for the provincial treasury, and led to an increase in employment for 2014 of the equivalent of 26.5 full-­‐time jobs. While not fully disaggregated, the vast share of the benefit occurs in Vancouver and the Lower Mainland rather than being spread out through the province.
Enhancing Heterogeneous Knowledge Graph Completion with a Novel GAT-based Approach
Creators: name: Wei, Wanxu
name: Song, Yitong
name: Yao, Bin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Knowledge graphs (KGs) play a vital role in enhancing search results and recommendation systems. With the rapid increase in the size of the KGs, they are becoming inaccuracy and incomplete. This problem can be solved by the knowledge graph completion methods, of which graph attention network (GAT)-based methods stand out since their superior performance. However, existing GAT-based knowledge graph completion methods often suffer from overfitting issues when dealing with heterogeneous knowledge graphs, primarily due to the unbalanced number of samples. Additionally, these methods demonstrate poor performance in predicting the tail (head) entity that shares the same relation and head (tail) entity with others. To solve these problems, we propose GATH, a novel GAT-based method designed for Heterogeneous KGs. GATH incorporates two separate attention network modules that work synergistically to predict the missing entities. We also introduce novel encoding and feature transformation approaches, enabling the robust performance of GATH in scenarios with imbalanced samples. Comprehensive experiments are conducted to evaluate the GATH's performance. Compared with the existing SOTA GAT-based model on Hits@10 and MRR metrics, our model improves performance by 5.2% and 5.2% on the FB15K-237 dataset, and by 4.5% and 14.6% on the WN18RR dataset, respectively.
Modelling simple stellar populations in the near-ultraviolet to near-infrared with the X-shooter Spectral Library (XSL)
Creators: name: Verro, Kristiina
name: Trager, S. C.
name: Peletier, R. F.
name: Lançon, A.
name: Arentsen, A.
name: Chen, Y. -P.
name: Coelho, P. R. T.
name: Dries, M.
name: Falcón-Barroso, J.
name: Gonneau, A.
name: Lyubenova, M.
name: Martins, L.
name: Prugniel, P.
name: Sánchez-Blázquez, P.
name: Vazdekis, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present simple stellar population models based on the empirical X-shooter Spectral Library (XSL) from NUV to NIR wavelengths. The unmatched characteristics of relatively high resolution and extended wavelength coverage ($350-2480$ nm, $R\sim10\,000$) of the XSL population models bring us closer to bridging optical and NIR studies of intermediate and old stellar populations. It is now common to find good agreement between observed and predicted NUV and optical properties of stellar clusters due to our good understanding of the main-sequence and early giant phases of stars. However, NIR spectra of intermediate-age and old stellar populations are sensitive to cool K and M giants. The asymptotic giant branch, especially the thermally pulsing asymptotic giant branch, shapes the NIR spectra of $0.5-2$ Gyr old stellar populations; the tip of the red giant branch defines the NIR spectra of populations with ages larger than that. We construct sequences of the average spectra of static giants, variable-rich giants, and C-rich giants to include in the models separately. The models span the metallicity range $-2.2
description: 30 pages, 26 figures, accepted to Astronomy & Astrophysics, models will be available on http://xsl.astro.unistra.fr/ upon publishing
Nanowires-assisted excitation and propagation of mid-infrared surface plasmon polaritons in graphene
Creators: name: Lu, Hua
name: Zhao, Jianlin
name: Gu, Min
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: We investigate the excitation and propagation of surface plasmon polaritons in a novel graphene hybrid photonic nanostructure, which consists of a graphene sheet and a dielectric layer with partly etched nanowires coated on the silicon substrate. The simulation and analytical results show that the mid-infrared plasmonic wave can be generated in the graphene sheet by normally incident light due to the satisfaction of the wavevector matching condition. Especially, we find that the plasmonic wavelength and spectral width are determined by the width, pitch, and refractive index of the dielectric nanowires, as well as the layer number and the Fermi level of graphene sheet. The analytical calculations agree well with the finite-difference time-domain simulations. These results would provide an new avenue toward the excitation of graphene plasmonics for the manipulation of mid-infrared light at nanoscale.
A gauge-compatible Hamiltonian splitting algorithm for particle-in-cell simulations using finite element exterior calculus
Creators: name: Glasser, Alexander S.
name: Qin, Hong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A particle-in-cell algorithm is derived with a canonical Poisson structure in the formalism of finite element exterior calculus. The resulting method belongs to the class of gauge-compatible splitting algorithms, which exactly preserve gauge symmetries and their associated conservation laws via the momentum map. We numerically demonstrate this time invariance of the momentum map and its usefulness in establishing precise initial conditions with a desired initial electric field and fixed background charge. The restriction of this canonical, finite element Poisson structure to the 1X2P phase space is also considered and simulated numerically.
Origin of giant valley splitting in silicon quantum wells induced by superlattice barriers
Creators: name: Wang, Gang
name: Song, Zhi-Gang
name: Luo, Jun-Wei
name: Li, Shu-Shen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Enhancing valley splitting in SiGe heterostructures is a crucial task for developing silicon spin qubits. Complex SiGe heterostructures, sharing a common feature of four-monolayer (4ML) Ge layer next to the silicon quantum well (QW), have been computationally designed to have giant valley splitting approaching 9 meV. However, none of them has been fabricated may due to their complexity. Here, we remarkably simplify the original designed complex SiGe heterostructures by laying out the Si QW directly on the Ge substrate followed by capping a (Ge4Si4)n superlattice(SL) barrier with a small sacrifice on VS as it is reduced from a maximum of 8.7 meV to 5.2 meV. Even the smallest number of periods (n = 1) will also give a sizable VS of 1.6 meV, which is large enough for developing stable spin qubits. We also develop an effective Hamiltonian model to reveal the underlying microscopic physics of enhanced valley splitting by (Ge4Si4)n SL barriers. We find that the presence of the SL barrier will reduce the VS instead of enhancing it. Only the (Ge4Si4)n SL barriers with an extremely strong coupling with Si QW valley states provide a remarkable enhancement in VS. These findings lay a solid theoretical foundation for the realization of sufficiently large VS for Si qubits.
Designing linear lattices for round beam in electron storage rings using the solution by linear matrices analysis
Creators: name: Li, Yongjun
name: Rainer, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For some synchrotron light source beamline applications, a round beam is preferable to a flat one. A conventional method of obtaining round beam in an electron storage ring is to shift its tune close to a linear difference resonance. The linearly coupled beam dynamics is analyzed with perturbation theories, which have certain limitations. In this paper, we adopt the Solution by LInear Matrices (SLIM) analysis to calculate exact beam sizes to design round beam lattices. The SLIM analysis can deal with a generally linearly coupled accelerator lattice. The effects of various coupling sources on beam emittances and sizes can be studied within a self-consistent frame. Both the on- and off-resonance schemes to obtain round beams are explained with examples. The SLIM formalism for two widely used magnet models: combined-function bending magnets, and planar wigglers and undulators, is also derived.
description: 11 pages, 15 figures
The effect of two novel cholesterol-lowering agents, disodium ascorbyl phytostanol phosphate (DAPP) and nanostructured aluminosilicate (NSAS) on the expression and activity of P-glycoprotein within Caco-2 cells
Creators: name: Sachs-Barrable, Kristina
name: Darlington, Jerald W
name: Wasan, Kishor M
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2016

description: Background: Many drugs are substrates for P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and interactions involving P-gp may be relevant to clinical practice. Co-administration with P-gp inhibitors or inducers changes the absorption profile as well as the risk for drug toxicity, therefore it is important to evaluate possible P-gp alterations. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of two novel cholesterol-lowering agents, disodium ascorbyl phytostanol phosphate (DAPP) and nanostructured aluminium silicate (NSAS), a protonated montmorillonite clay, on mdr-1 gene expression and its protein, P-glycoprotein (P-gp) within Caco-2 cells. Methods: The effects of DAPP and NSAS on the regulation of mdr-1 gene, P-gp protein expression and activity within Caco-2 cells, were determined using cell viability and cytotoxicity tests, RT-PCR, Western Blot analysis and bi-directional transport studies. Results: We observed a significant down-regulation of mdr-1 mRNA (e.g. 38.5 ± 17% decrease vs. control at 5 μM DAPP and 61.2 ± 25% versus control at 10 μM DAPP; n = 6, P* < 0.05) within Caco-2 cells. Western Blot analysis of P-gp expression showed that changes in mdr-1 gene expression lead to correlating changes in P-gp protein expression. This down-regulation of P-glycoprotein also resulted in decreased activity of P-glycoprotein compared to untreated control. In contrast, when Caco-2 cells were treated with NSAS, no changes in mdr-1 gene expression, P-gp protein expression nor P-gp activity were observed. Conclusions: DAPP but not NSAS decreases P-gp mediated drug efflux through decreased mdr-1 gene expression and consequently decreased P-gp protein expression. These findings have to be taken into consideration when DAPP is concurrently given with other drugs that are substrates for P-gp since drug-drug interactions harbour a safety issue and alter bioavailability profiles. NSAS does not have any P-gp altering properties and therefore might not affect drug-drug interactions. We conclude from this study that NSAS might make a safer drug candidate compared to DAPP for lowering LDL-cholesterol.
The evolution of small towns in south-western Poland
Creators: name: Niedźwiecka-Filipiak, Irena
name: Borcz, Zuzanna
name: Zielińska, Liliana
Publisher: name: Faculty of Architecture, Wrocław University of Technology, Wrocław
Year: 2012
Subjects: small towns, transformations, civic rights

description: ARCHITECTUS; ISSN 1429-7507
Ground State Stability and the Nature of the Spin Glass Phase
Creators: name: Newman, C. M.
name: Stein, D. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose an approach toward understanding the spin glass phase at zero and low temperature by studying the stability of a spin glass ground state against perturbations of a single coupling. After reviewing the concepts of flexibility, critical droplet, and related quantities for both finite- and infinite-volume ground states, we study some of their properties and review three models in which these quantities are partially or fully understood. We also review a recent result showing the connection between our approach and that of disorder chaos. We then view four proposed scenarios for the low-temperature spin glass phase -- replica symmetry breaking, scaling-droplet, TNT and chaotic pairs -- through the lens of the predictions of each scenario for the lowest energy large-lengthscale excitations above the ground state. Using a new concept called sigma-criticality, which quantifies the sensitivity of ground states to single-bond coupling variations, we show that each of these four pictures can be identified with different critical droplet geometries and energies. We also investigate necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of multiple incongruent ground states.
description: 45 pages
Many-Body Quadrupolar Sum Rule for Higher-Order Topological Insulator
Creators: name: Lee, Wonjun
name: Cho, Gil Young
name: Kang, Byungmin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The modern theory of polarization establishes the bulk-boundary correspondence for the bulk polarization. In this paper, we attempt to extend it to a sum rule of the bulk quadrupole moment by employing a many-body operator introduced in [Phys. Rev. B 100, 245134 (2019)] and [Phys. Rev. B 100, 245135 (2019)]. The sum rule that we propose consists of the alternating sum of four observables, which are the phase factors of the many-body operator in different boundary conditions. We demonstrate its validity through extensive numerical computations for various non-interacting tight-binding models. We also observe that individual terms in the sum rule correspond to the bulk quadrupole moment, the edge-localized polarizations, and the corner charge in the thermodynamic limit on some models.
description: 13 pages (3 figures)
Muscle force distribution during forward and backward locomotion
Creators: name: Błażkiewicz, Michalina
Publisher: name: Institute of Machine Design and Operation, Wrocław University of Technology, Wrocław
Year: 2013
Subjects: muscle force contribution, forward gait, backward gait, OpenSim

description: Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics; 03/2013; ISSN 1509-409X
Convergence Analysis of a Viscosity Parameter Recovery Algorithm for the 2D Navier-Stokes Equations
Creators: name: Martinez, Vincent R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35Q30, 35B30, 93B30, 35R30, 76B75

description: In this paper, the convergence of an algorithm for recovering the unknown kinematic viscosity of a two-dimensional incompressible, viscous fluid is studied. The algorithm of interest is a recursive feedback control-based algorithm that leverages observations that are received continuously-in-time, then dynamically provides updated values of the viscosity at judicious moments. It is shown that in an idealized setup, convergence to the true value of the viscosity can indeed be achieved under a natural and practically verifiable non-degeneracy condition. This appears to be first such result of its kind for parameter estimation of nonlinear partial differential equations. Analysis for two parameter update rules is carried out: one which involves instantaneous evaluation in time and the other, averaging in time. The proofs of convergence for either rule exploits sensitivity-type bounds in higher-order Sobolev topologies, while the instantaneous version particularly requires delicate energy estimates involving the time-derivative of the sensitivity-type variable. Indeed, a crucial component in the analysis of the first update rule is the identification of a dissipative structure for the time-derivative of the sensitivity-type variable, which ultimately ensures a favorable dependence on the tuning parameter of the algorithm.
description: 35 pages, results expanded to include alternative update formula, exposition adjusted accordingly, additional remarks included, to appear in Nonlinearity