cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Multi-Band Acoustic Monitoring of Aerial Signatures
Creators: name: Mead, Andrew
name: Little, Sarah
name: Sail, Paul
name: Tu, Michelle
name: Watters, Wesley Andrés
name: White, Abigail
name: Cloete, Richard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: The Galileo Project's acoustic monitoring, omni-directional system (AMOS) aids in the detection and characterization of aerial phenomena. It uses a multi-band microphone suite spanning infrasonic to ultrasonic frequencies, providing an independent signal modality for validation and characterization of detected objects. The system utilizes infrasonic, audible, and ultrasonic systems to cover a wide range of sounds produced by both natural and man-made aerial phenomena. Sound signals from aerial objects can be captured given certain conditions, such as when the sound level is above ambient noise and isn't excessively distorted by its transmission path. Findings suggest that audible sources can be detected up to 1 km away, infrasonic sources can be detected over much longer distances, and ultrasonic at shorter ones. Initial data collected from aircraft recordings with spectral analysis will help develop algorithms and software for quick identification of known aircraft. Future work will involve multi-sensor arrays for sound localization, larger data sets analysis, and incorporation of machine learning and AI for detection and identification of more types of phenomena in all frequency bands.
Proximidad en elecciones democráticas
Creators: name: Suing, Abel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: democracia
elecciones
Ecuador
proximidad
candidato

description: Publicación en la sección de opinión del diario digital hora 32 https://hora32.com.ec/ que se edita en Loja (Ecuador)
Bayesian Estimation of the D(p,$γ$)$^3$He Thermonuclear Reaction Rate
Creators: name: Moscoso, Joseph
name: de Souza, Rafael S.
name: Coc, Alain
name: Iliadis, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Big bang nucleosynthesis (BBN) is the standard model theory for the production of the light nuclides during the early stages of the universe, taking place for a period of about 20 minutes after the big bang. Deuterium production, in particular, is highly sensitive to the primordial baryon density and the number of neutrino species, and its abundance serves as a sensitive test for the conditions in the early universe. The comparison of observed deuterium abundances with predicted ones requires reliable knowledge of the relevant thermonuclear reaction rates, and their corresponding uncertainties. Recent observations reported the primordial deuterium abundance with percent accuracy, but some theoretical predictions based on BBN are at tension with the measured values because of uncertainties in the cross section of the deuterium-burning reactions. In this work, we analyze the S-factor of the D(p,$γ$)$^3$He reaction using a hierarchical Bayesian model. We take into account the results of eleven experiments, spanning the period of 1955--2021; more than any other study. We also present results for two different fitting functions, a two-parameter function based on microscopic nuclear theory and a four-parameter polynomial. Our recommended reaction rates have a 2.2\% uncertainty at $0.8$~GK, which is the temperature most important for deuterium BBN. Differences between our rates and previous results are discussed.
Touching the Stars: Using High-Resolution 3D Printing to Visualize Stellar Nurseries
Creators: name: Imara, Nia
name: Forbes, John C.
name: Weaver, James C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Owing to their intricate variable density architecture, and as a principal site of star formation, molecular clouds represent one of the most functionally significant, yet least understood features of our universe. To unravel the intrinsic structural complexity of molecular clouds, here we leverage the power of high-resolution bitmap-based 3D printing, which provides the opportunity to visualize astrophysical structures in a way that uniquely taps into the human brain's ability to recognize patterns suppressed in 2D representations. Using a new suite of nine simulations, each representing different physical extremes in the turbulent interstellar medium, as our source data, our workflow permits the unambiguous visualization of features in the 3D-printed models, such as quasi-planar structures, that are frequently obscured in traditional renderings and animations. Our bitmap-based 3D printing approach thus faithfully reproduces the subtle density gradient distribution within molecular clouds in a tangible, intuitive, and visually stunning manner. While laying the groundwork for the intuitive analysis of other structurally complex astronomical data sets, our 3D-printed models also serve as valuable tools in educational and public outreach endeavors.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ Letters
A Hardware and Software Platform for Aerial Object Localization
Creators: name: Szenher, Matthew
name: Delacroix, Alex
name: Keto, Eric
name: Little, Sarah
name: Randall, Mitch
name: Watters, Wesley Andrés
name: Masson, Eric
name: Cloete, Richard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: To date, there are little reliable data on the position, velocity and acceleration characteristics of Unidentified Aerial Phenomena (UAP). The dual hardware and software system described in this document provides a means to address this gap. We describe a weatherized multi-camera system which can capture images in the visible, infrared and near infrared wavelengths. We then describe the software we will use to calibrate the cameras and to robustly localize objects-of-interest in three dimensions. We show how object localizations captured over time will be used to compute the velocity and acceleration of airborne objects.
Deadlock Freedom for Asynchronous and Cyclic Process Networks
Creators: name: Heuvel, Bas van den
name: Pérez, Jorge A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper considers the challenging problem of establishing deadlock freedom for message-passing processes using behavioral type systems. In particular, we consider the case of processes that implement session types by communicating asynchronously in cyclic process networks. We present APCP, a typed process framework for deadlock freedom which supports asynchronous communication, delegation, recursion, and a general form of process composition that enables specifying cyclic process networks. We discuss the main decisions involved in the design of APCP and illustrate its expressiveness and flexibility using several examples.
description: In Proceedings ICE 2021, arXiv:2109.14908. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2101.09038
Sistemi aeroportuali tra concorrenza e complementarietà
Airport systems between competition and complementarity
Creators: name: Borghi, Elisa <1984>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2012
Subjects: IUS/09 Istituzioni di diritto pubblico

description: Il presente lavoro mira ad analizzare l’organizzazione della gestione aeroportuale come venutasi a delineare a seguito dei processi di privatizzazione nella gestione stessa e di liberalizzazione nella prestazione dei servizi nonché ad esaminare gli effetti di tali processi sulla concorrenza tra aeroporti. 
Per affrontare tali profili di ricerca, il lavoro è suddiviso in quattro capitoli. 
Nel primo capitolo viene analizzata l’organizzazione amministrativa dell’aviazione civile e quindi i principali soggetti che operano e/o interagiscono nel mercato aeroportuale e le relative competenze.
Nel secondo capitolo si analizza il ruolo del gestore aeroportuale quale soggetto a cui è affidato il compito di amministrare e gestire le infrastrutture aeroportuali e di coordinare e controllare le attività dei vari operatori privati presenti nello scalo. Pertanto si prenderà in esame l’evoluzione dei modelli di gestione aeroportuale, il rapporto tra concessionario e concedente, la qualificazione dell’attività di gestione dell’infrastruttura come servizio pubblico e la regolazione pubblicistica della stessa, volta a correggere le imperfezioni che possono distorcere il normale funzionamento dei meccanismi di mercato e a perseguire il benessere sociale. 
Nel terzo capitolo, si affronta il tema della liberalizzazione dei servizi, in particolari aerei e c.d. di handling.
Infine, nel quarto e ultimo capitolo, si studia la concorrenza tra aeroporti e la sua interrelazione con l’infrastruttura ferroviaria.
description: The present work analyses, from a legal point of view, the organization of Airport Management, particulary with regard to impact of Privatization and Liberalitazion Policies of Airport Services and the effects of these Policies on competition between airports. Special attention is given to competition and complementarity among transport network.
Development of Original Analytical Methods for the Determination of Drugs of Abuse in Biological Samples
Creators: name: Marcheselli, Chiara <1981>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2012
Subjects: CHIM/08 Chimica farmaceutica

description: Drug abuse is a major global problem which has a strong impact not only on the single individual but also on the entire society. Among the different strategies that can be used to address this issue an important role is played by identification of abusers and proper medical treatment. This kind of therapy should be carefully monitored in order to discourage improper use of the medication and to tailor the dose according to the specific needs of the patient. Hence, reliable analytical methods are needed to reveal drug intake and to support physicians in the pharmacological management of drug dependence.
In the present Ph.D. thesis original analytical methods for the determination of drugs with a potential for abuse and of substances used in the pharmacological treatment of drug addiction are presented. In particular, the work has been focused on the analysis of ketamine, naloxone and long-acting opioids (buprenorphine and methadone), oxycodone, disulfiram and bupropion in human plasma and in dried blood spots. The developed methods are based on the use of high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled to various kinds of detectors (mass spectrometer, coulometric detector, diode array detector). For biological sample pre-treatment different techniques have been exploited, namely solid phase extraction and microextraction by packed sorbent. All the presented methods have been validated according to official guidelines with good results and some of these have been successfully applied to the therapeutic drug monitoring of patients under treatment for drug abuse.
Decomposing Monolithic Processes in a Process Algebra with Multi-actions
Creators: name: Laveaux, Maurice
name: Willemse, Tim A. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A monolithic process is a single recursive equation with data parameters, which only uses non-determinism, action prefixing, and recursion. We present a technique that decomposes such a monolithic process into multiple processes where each process defines behaviour for a subset of the parameters of the monolithic process. For this decomposition we can show that a composition of these processes is strongly bisimilar to the monolithic process under a suitable synchronisation context. Minimising the resulting processes before determining their composition can be used to derive a state space that is smaller than the one obtained by a monolithic exploration. We apply the decomposition technique to several specifications to show that this works in practice. Finally, we prove that state invariants can be used to further improve the effectiveness of this decomposition technique.
description: In Proceedings ICE 2021, arXiv:2109.14908. This is a peer reviewed version of arXiv:2012.06468 [cs.LO]. This revision contains more examples but omits proofs
Towards Sustainability of Systematic Literature Reviews
Creators: name: Santos, Vinicius dos
name: Iwazaki, Anderson Yoshiaki
name: Felizardo, Katia Romero
name: de Souza, Érica Ferreira
name: Nakagawa, Elisa Yumi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Background: The software engineering community has increasingly conducted systematic literature reviews (SLR) as a means to summarize evidence from different studies and bring to light the state of the art of a given research topic. While SLR provide many benefits, they also present several problems with punctual solutions for some of them. However, two main problems still remain: the high time-/effort-consumption nature of SLR and the lack of an effective impact of SLR results in the industry, as initially expected for SLR. Aims: The main goal of this paper is to introduce a new view - which we name Sustainability of SLR - on how to deal with SLR aiming at reducing those problems. Method: We analyzed six reference studies published in the last decade to identify, group, and analyze the SLR problems and their interconnections. Based on such analysis, we proposed the view of Sustainability of SLR that intends to address these problems. Results: The proposed view encompasses three dimensions (social, economic, and technical) that could become SLR more sustainable in the sense that the four major problems and 31 barriers (i.e., possible causes for those problems) that we identified could be mitigated. Conclusions: The view of Sustainability of SLR intends to change the researchers' mindset to mitigate the inherent SLR problems and, as a consequence, achieve sustainable SLR, i.e., those that consume less time/effort to be conducted and updated with useful results for the industry.
title: GSICS quarterly. Volume 6, number 3 (2012)
Creators: name: Global Space-Based Inter-Calibration System Coordination Center,
Publisher: name: U.S. Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service, Center for Satellite Applications and Research
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Satellite meteorology
subject: Global Observing System (Meteorology)

description: GSICS Quarterly is a newsletter designed to communicate GSICS activities to all GSICS members and partners, as well as to satellite data users and policy makers
Rotating black holes in Randall-Sundrum II braneworlds
Creators: name: Biggs, William D.
name: Santos, Jorge E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We find rotating black hole solutions in the Randall-Sundrum II (RSII) model, by numerically solving a three-dimensional PDE problem using pseudospectral collocation methods. We compute the area and equatorial inner-most stable orbits of these solutions. For large black holes compared with the AdS length scale, $\ell$, the black hole exhibits four-dimensional behaviour, approaching the Kerr metric on the brane, whilst for small black holes, the solution tends instead towards a five-dimensional Myers-Perry black hole with a single non-zero rotation parameter aligned with the brane. This departure from exact four-dimensional gravity may lead to different phenomenological predictions for rotating black holes in the RSII model to those in standard four-dimensional general relativity. This letter provides a stepping stone for studying such modifications.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Search-Based Regular Expression Inference on a GPU
Creators: name: Valizadeh, Mojtaba
name: Berger, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: D.3

description: Regular expression inference (REI) is a supervised machine learning and program synthesis problem that takes a cost metric for regular expressions, and positive and negative examples of strings as input. It outputs a regular expression that is precise (i.e., accepts all positive and rejects all negative examples), and minimal w.r.t. to the cost metric. We present a novel algorithm for REI over arbitrary alphabets that is enumerative and trades off time for space. Our main algorithmic idea is to implement the search space of regular expressions succinctly as a contiguous matrix of bitvectors. Collectively, the bitvectors represent, as characteristic sequences, all sub-languages of the infix-closure of the union of positive and negative examples. Mathematically, this is a semiring of (a variant of) formal power series. Infix-closure enables bottom-up compositional construction of larger from smaller regular expressions using the operations of our semiring. This minimises data movement and data-dependent branching, hence maximises data-parallelism. In addition, the infix-closure remains unchanged during the search, hence search can be staged: first pre-compute various expensive operations, and then run the compute intensive search process. We provide two C++ implementations, one for general purpose CPUs and one for Nvidia GPUs (using CUDA). We benchmark both on Google Colab Pro: the GPU implementation is on average over 1000x faster than the CPU implementation on the hardest benchmarks.
Two-loop Electroweak Corrections to the Top-Quark Contribution to $ε_K$
Creators: name: Brod, Joachim
name: Kvedaraitė, Sandra
name: Polonsky, Zachary
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The parameter $ε_K$ measures $CP$ violation in the neutral kaon system. It is a sensitive probe of new physics and plays a prominent role in the global fit of the Cabibbo-Kobabyashi-Maskawa matrix. The perturbative theory uncertainty is currently dominated by the top-quark contribution. Here, we present the calculation of the full two-loop electroweak corrections to the top-quark contribution to $ε_K$, including the resummation of QED-QCD logarithms. We discuss different renormalization prescriptions for the electroweak input parameters. In the traditional normalization of the weak Hamiltonian with two powers of the Fermi constant $G_F$, the top-quark contribution is shifted by $-1\%$.
description: 26 pages, 6 figures
Molecular Distributions of the Disk/Envelope System of L483: Principal Component Analysis for the Image Cube Data
Creators: name: Okoda, Yuki
name: Oya, Yoko
name: Abe, Shotaro
name: Komaki, Ayano
name: Watanabe, Yoshimasa
name: Yamamoto, Satoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Unbiased understandings of molecular distributions in a disk/envelope system of a low-mass protostellar source are crucial for investigating physical and chemical evolution processes. We have observed 23 molecular lines toward the Class 0 protostellar source L483 with ALMA and have performed principal component analysis (PCA) for their cube data (PCA-3D) to characterize their distributions and velocity structures in the vicinity of the protostar. The sum of the contributions of the first three components is 63.1 %. Most oxygen-bearing complex-organic-molecule lines have a large correlation with the first principal component (PC1), representing the overall structure of the disk/envelope system around the protostar. Contrary, the C18O and SiO emissions show small and negative correlations with PC1. The NH2CHO lines stand out conspicuously at the second principal component (PC2), revealing more compact distribution. The HNCO lines and the high excitation line of CH3OH have a similar trend for PC2 to NH2CHO. On the other hand, C18O is well correlated with the third principal component (PC3). Thus, PCA-3D enables us to elucidate the similarities and the differences of the distributions and the velocity structures among molecular lines simultaneously, so that the chemical differentiation between the oxygen-bearing complex organic molecules and the nitrogen-bearing ones is revealed in this source. We have also conducted PCA for the moment 0 maps (PCA-2D) and that for the spectral line profiles (PCA-1D). While they can extract part of characteristics of the molecular-line data, PCA-3D is essential for comprehensive understandings. Characteristic features of the molecular-line distributions are discussed on NH2CHO.
General covariance for a proposal for 4-D gravity
Creators: name: Ita, Eyo Eyo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we extend some previous results for a new proposal for gravity and place them into overall context. The basic fields of this proposal provide an off-shell realization of symmetry with respect to SO(3,C) gauge transformations and general coordinate transformations of 4-dimensional spacetime.
description: 7 pages
Two-color quark matter: U(1)_A restoration, superfluidity, and quarkyonic phase
Creators: name: Brauner, Tomas
name: Fukushima, Kenji
name: Hidaka, Yoshimasa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the phase structure of quantum chromodynamics (QCD) with two colors and two flavors of light quarks. This is motivated by the increasing interest in the QCD phase diagram as follows: (1) The QCD critical point search has been under intensive dispute and its location and existence suffer from uncertainty of effective U(1)_A symmetry restoration. (2) A new phase called quarkyonic matter is drawing theoretical and experimental attention but it is not clear whether it can coexist with diquark condensation. We point out that two-color QCD is nontrivial enough to contain essential ingredients for (1) and (2) both, and most importantly, is a system without the sign problem in numerical simulations on the lattice. We adopt the two-flavor Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model extended with the two-color Polyakov loop and make quantitative predictions which can be tested by lattice simulations.
description: 14 pages, REVTeX4, 12 eps figures; v2: version published in Phys. Rev. D; v3: an error in the Appendix fixed, Fig. 9 modified accordingly
Quantum memory as a perpetuum mobile? Stability v.s. reversibility of information processing
Creators: name: Alicki, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is argued using a Gedankenexperiment that a scalable quantum memory could be used as a perpetuum mobile of the second kind and hence cannot be realized in Nature. The reasoning is based on the assumption that the Landauer's principle for measurements is a consequence of the second law of thermodynamics and not an independent postulate. This implies a modification of the Landauer's principle when applied for discrimination of equilibrium (metastable) states. While identification of the metastable state can be done at the infinitesimally low cost, a change of such a state involves dissipation of energy proportional to its stability factor.
description: 15 pages,no figures, amended text
Anomalous Soft Photons in Hadron Production
Creators: name: Wong, Cheuk-Yin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Anomalous soft photons in excess of what is expected from electromagnetic bremsstrahlung have been observed in association with the production of hadrons, mostly mesons, in high-energy (K+)p, (pi+)p, (pi-)p, pp, and (e+)(e-) collisions. We propose a model for the simultaneous production of anomalous soft photons and mesons in quantum field theory, in which the meson production arises from the oscillation of color charge densities of the quarks of the underlying vacuum in the flux tube. As a quark carries both a color charge and an electric charge, the oscillation of the color charge densities will be accompanied by the oscillation of electric charge densities, which will in turn lead to the simultaneous production of soft photons during the meson production process. How the production of these soft photons may explain the anomalous soft photon data will be discussed. Further experimental measurements to test the model will be proposed.
description: 19 pages, 2 figures, to be published in Physical Review C
On some aspects of the definition of scattering states in quantum field theory
Creators: name: Toth, Gabor Zsolt
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The problem of extending quantum-mechanical formal scattering theory to a more general class of models that also includes quantum field theories is discussed, with the aim of clarifying certain aspects of the definition of scattering states. As the strong limit is not suitable for the definition of scattering states in quantum field theory, some other limiting procedure is needed. Two possibilities are considered, the abelian limit and adiabatic switching. Formulas for the scattering states based on both methods are discussed, and it is found that generally there are significant differences between the two approaches. As an illustration of the application and the features of these formulas, S-matrix elements and energy corrections in two quantum field theoretical models are calculated using (generalized) old-fashioned perturbation theory. The two methods are found to give equivalent results.
description: 20 pages
Holomorphic structures on the quantum projective line
Creators: name: Khalkhali, Masoud
name: Landi, Giovanni
name: van Suijlekom, Walter D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We show that much of the structure of the 2-sphere as a complex curve survives the q-deformation and has natural generalizations to the quantum 2-sphere - which, with additional structures, we identify with the quantum projective line. Notably among these is the identification of a quantum homogeneous coordinate ring with the coordinate ring of the quantum plane. In parallel with the fact that positive Hochschild cocycles on the algebra of smooth functions on a compact oriented 2-dimensional manifold encode the information for complex structures on the surface, we formulate a notion of twisted positivity for twisted Hochschild and cyclic cocycles and exhibit an explicit twisted positive Hochschild cocycle for the complex structure on the sphere.
description: 22 pages, no figures. Published in IMRN
Improving Generalization for Multimodal Fake News Detection
Creators: name: Tahmasebi, Sahar
name: Hakimov, Sherzod
name: Ewerth, Ralph
name: Müller-Budack, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The increasing proliferation of misinformation and its alarming impact have motivated both industry and academia to develop approaches for fake news detection. However, state-of-the-art approaches are usually trained on datasets of smaller size or with a limited set of specific topics. As a consequence, these models lack generalization capabilities and are not applicable to real-world data. In this paper, we propose three models that adopt and fine-tune state-of-the-art multimodal transformers for multimodal fake news detection. We conduct an in-depth analysis by manipulating the input data aimed to explore models performance in realistic use cases on social media. Our study across multiple models demonstrates that these systems suffer significant performance drops against manipulated data. To reduce the bias and improve model generalization, we suggest training data augmentation to conduct more meaningful experiments for fake news detection on social media. The proposed data augmentation techniques enable models to generalize better and yield improved state-of-the-art results.
description: This paper has been accepted for ICMR 2023
Analysis of the $Λ_{b}\rar Λ\ell^+\ell^- $ decay in QCD
Creators: name: Aliev, T. M.
name: Azizi, K.
name: Savci, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Taking into account the $Λ$ baryon distribution amplitudes and the most general form of the interpolating current of the $Λ_{b}$, the semileptonic $Λ_{b}\rar Λ\ell^+\ell^- $ transition is investigated in the framework of the light cone QCD sum rules. Sum rules for all twelve form factors responsible for the $Λ_{b}\rar Λ\ell^+\ell^- $ decay are constructed. The obtained results for the form factors are used to compute the branching fraction. A comparison of the obtained results with the existing predictions of the heavy quark effective theory is presented. The results of the branching ratio shows the detectability of this channel at the LHCb in the near future is quite high.
description: 18 Pages, 2 Figures and 9 Tables
Local properties of good moduli spaces
Creators: name: Alper, Jarod
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study the local properties of Artin stacks and their good moduli spaces, if they exist. We show that near closed points with linearly reductive stabilizer, Artin stacks formally locally admit good moduli spaces. We also give conditions for when the existence of good moduli spaces can be deduced from the existence of etale charts admitting good moduli spaces.
description: 20 pages, this version agrees with the published version
Photonic Snake States in Two-Dimensional Frequency Combs
Creators: name: Ivars, Salim B.
name: Kartashov, Yaroslav V.
name: de Córdoba, Pedro Fernández
name: Conejero, J. Alberto
name: Torner, Lluis
name: Milián, Carles
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Taming the instabilities inherent to many nonlinear optical phenomena is of paramount importance for modern photonics. In particular, the so-called snake instability is universally known to severely distort localized wave stripes, leading to the occurrence of transient, short-lived dynamical states that eventually decay. The phenomenon is ubiquitous in nonlinear science, from river meandering to superfluids, and to date it remains apparently uncontrollable. However, here we show that optical snake instabilities can be harnessed by a process that leads to the formation of stationary and robust two-dimensional zigzag states. We find that such new type of nonlinear waves exists in the hyperbolic regime of cylindrical micro-resonators and it naturally corresponds to two-dimensional frequency combs featuring spectral heterogeneity and intrinsic synchronization. We uncover the conditions of the existence of such spatiotemporal photonic snakes and confirm their remarkable robustness against perturbations. Our findings represent a new paradigm for frequency comb generation, thus opening the door to a whole range of applications in communications, metrology, and spectroscopy.
description: 6 figures, 11 pages
The Petal as a Logical System of the Universe
Creators: name: passolungo, simone
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Movement in nature does not arise from an external push, but from an internal logical reorganization. This principle is also evident in biological systems, such as the petal of a flower opening and closing. We will now explore the complete functioning of this phenomenon and connect it to the fundamental dynamics of the universe.
Numerical parameter estimation in differential equations
Creators: name: Benson, Maurice W.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The problem of numerical least squares parameter estimation in differential equations is considered. Several new algorithms that pay particular attention to the differential equation aspect of the problem are presented. These reduce some of the difficulties encountered when the problem is treated solely as a question of nonlinear optimization. The extremely powerful interactive approach is considered and an interactive package incorporating standard techniques using sensitivity equations along with a selection of our special algorithms is presented. We consider methods involving the fitting of integrals and derivatives using piecewise polynomial approximations to the observations. Continuation methods with a quasi multiple shooting technique to bridge the gap between these coarse but well behaved methods and the full least squares problem are explored. Special methods are developed for the important case of two state variables with observations available on only one of them. In particular we consider algorithms which use an initial guess at the behavior of the unobserved state variable and then iteratively improve this guess. The need for effective algorithms for fitting population growth models in ecology is one motivation for this thesis. We devote a chapter to an important predator-prey model of population dynamics and extensive experiments are presented which demonstrate some of the typical difficulties which can arise and which illustrate the ability of our algorithms to overcome some of these difficulties. Some special problems involving jumps from one equilibrium to another (loosely referred to as catastrophes) are examined. This type of model has important applications in ecology. Models involving stiff differential equations are also considered. A short chapter is devoted to the use of sequential reestimation techniques. Experiments indicate that such methods can be useful for improving a crude initial guess at the parameters and this improvement can be crucial for the successful solution of the problem. Finally a chapter is devoted to a selection of "real world" problems. It is on such problems that the true value of an algorithm is determined.
On some peculiar aspects of the constructive theory of point-free spaces
Creators: name: Curi, Giovanni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: General Topology (math.GN)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 03F50, 06D22, 54A35

description: This paper presents several independence results concerning the topos-valid and the intuitionistic (generalized) predicative theories of locales. In particular, certain consequences of the consistency of a general form of Troelstra's uniformity principle with constructive set theory and type theory are examined.
Another observation about operator compressions
Creators: name: Meckes, Elizabeth S.
name: Meckes, Mark W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60E15, 60B20, 47A20

description: Let $T$ be a self-adjoint operator on a finite dimensional Hilbert space. It is shown that the distribution of the eigenvalues of a compression of $T$ to a subspace of a given dimension is almost the same for almost all subspaces. This is a coordinate-free analogue of a recent result of Chatterjee and Ledoux on principal submatrices. The proof is based on measure concentration and entropy techniques, and the result improves on some aspects of the result of Chatterjee and Ledoux.
description: 6 pages; discussion expanded slightly and minor errors corrected
Cosmic Duality and Statefinder Diagnosis of Spinor Quintom
Creators: name: Wang, Jing
name: Lan, Tian
name: Zhang, Tong-Jie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we study the possible connections among different Spinor Quintom Dark Energy (DE) models by the aid of duality. Then we apply the statefinder diagnostic to these models. By this diagnostic pair {$\{r,s\}$}, we differentiate one Quintom DE model from the others in a model independent manner. A class of evolutionary trajectories of these Spinor Quintom models are presented in the statefinder parameter planes. We also obtain the current locations of the parameters $r$ and $s$, and these locations correspond to different models in statefinder parameter planes theoretically.
description: 9 pages, 9 figures, J.Theor. Phys. 1, 62-75
CARMENES detection of the CaII infrared triplet and possible evidence of HeI in the atmosphere of WASP-76b
Creators: name: Casasayas-Barris, N.
name: Orell-Miquel, J.
name: Stangret, M.
name: Nortmann, L.
name: Yan, F.
name: Oshagh, M.
name: Palle, E.
name: Sanz-Forcada, J.
name: López-Puertas, M.
name: Nagel, E.
name: Luque, R.
name: Morello, G.
name: Snellen, I. A. G.
name: Zechmeister, M.
name: Quirrenbach, A.
name: Caballero, J. A.
name: Ribas, I.
name: Reiners, A.
name: Amado, P. J.
name: Bergond, G.
name: Czesla, S.
name: Henning, Th.
name: Khalafinejad, S.
name: Molaverdikhani, K.
name: Montes, D.
name: Perger, M.
name: Sánchez-López, A.
name: Sedaghati, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ultra-hot Jupiters are highly irradiated gas giants with equilibrium temperatures typically higher than 2000K. Atmospheric studies of these planets have shown that their transmission spectra are rich in metal lines, with some of these metals being ionised due to the extreme temperatures. Here, we use two transit observations of WASP-76b obtained with the CARMENES spectrograph to study the atmosphere of this planet using high-resolution transmission spectroscopy. Taking advantage of the two channels and the coverage of the red and near-infrared wavelength ranges by CARMENES, we focus our analysis on the study of the CaII infrared triplet (IRT) at 8500A and the HeI triplet at 10830A. We present the discovery of the CaII IRT at 7$σ$ in the atmosphere of WASP-76b using the cross-correlation technique, which is consistent with previous detections of the CaII H&K lines in the same planet, and with the atmospheric studies of other ultra-hot Jupiters reported to date. The low mass density of the planet, and our calculations of the XUV irradiation received by the exoplanet, show that this planet is a potential candidate to have a HeI evaporating envelope and, therefore, we performed further investigations focussed on this aspect. The transmission spectrum around the HeI triplet shows a broad and red-shifted absorption signal in both transit observations. However, due to the strong telluric contamination around the HeI lines and the relatively low signal-to-noise ratio of the observations, we are not able to unambiguously conclude if the absorption is due to the presence of helium in the atmosphere of WASP-76b, and we consider the result to be only an upper limit. Finally, we revisit the transmission spectrum around other lines such as NaI, LiI, H$α$, and KI. The upper limits reported here for these lines are consistent with previous studies.
description: Accepted
Stronger Together: on the Articulation of Ethical Charters, Legal Tools, and Technical Documentation in ML
Creators: name: Pistilli, Giada
name: Ferrandis, Carlos Munoz
name: Jernite, Yacine
name: Mitchell, Margaret
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The growing need for accountability of the people behind AI systems can be addressed by leveraging processes in three fields of study: ethics, law, and computer science. While these fields are often considered in isolation, they rely on complementary notions in their interpretation and implementation. In this work, we detail this interdependence and motivate the necessary role of collaborative governance tools in shaping a positive evolution of AI. We first contrast notions of compliance in the ethical, legal, and technical fields; we outline both their differences and where they complement each other, with a particular focus on the roles of ethical charters, licenses, and technical documentation in these interactions. We then focus on the role of values in articulating the synergies between the fields and outline specific mechanisms of interaction between them in practice. We identify how these mechanisms have played out in several open governance fora: an open collaborative workshop, a responsible licensing initiative, and a proposed regulatory framework. By leveraging complementary notions of compliance in these three domains, we can create a more comprehensive framework for governing AI systems that jointly takes into account their technical capabilities, their impact on society, and how technical specifications can inform relevant regulations. Our analysis thus underlines the necessity of joint consideration of the ethical, legal, and technical in AI ethics frameworks to be used on a larger scale to govern AI systems and how the thinking in each of these areas can inform the others.
title: Analizar los hallazgos iniciales,  las secuelas y evolución de las lesiones cerebrales del estatus epiléptico (EE) en RM.
Creators: name: Arias Ortega, María
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Seizure disorders
subject: Head and neck
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: MR
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: Diagnostic procedure

description: Objetivo docente
Revisión del tema
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivo docente:
Describir los hallazgos con las técnicas de imagen,
sobre todo con RM,
más frecuentemente relacionados con la presencia de estatus epiléptico así como su evolución,
para un mejor manejo de...
SCOSS strategy 2022-2024
Creators: name: SCOSS
name: Treadway, Jon
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: open science infrastructure
strategy

description: The Global Sustainability Coalition for Open Science Services (SCOSS) was established in 2017. Well over €3m has been pledged by the community since the beginning of 2017; awareness of the need to support Open Science Infrastructure providers has increased. This strategy seeks to build on that success; it sets out SCOSS’s goals for the next 3 years and the steps SCOSS will take to achieve them.
Stroboscopic Generation of Topological Protection
Creators: name: Herdman, C. M.
name: Young, Kevin C.
name: Scarola, V.
name: Sarovar, Mohan
name: Whaley, K. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Trapped neutral atoms offer a powerful route to robust simulation of complex quantum systems. We present here a stroboscopic scheme for realization of a Hamiltonian with $n$-body interactions on a set of neutral atoms trapped in an addressable optical lattice, using only 1- and 2-body physical operations together with a dissipative mechanism that allows thermalization to finite temperature or cooling to the ground state. We demonstrate this scheme with application to the toric code Hamiltonian, ground states of which can be used to robustly store quantum information when coupled to a low temperature reservoir.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures. Published version
Extended particle absorber for efficient modeling of intense laser-solid interactions
Creators: name: Miller, Kyle G.
name: May, Joshua
name: Fiuza, Frederico
name: Mori, Warren B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An extended thermal particle boundary condition is devised to more efficiently and accurately model laser-plasma interactions in overdense plasmas. Particle-in-cell simulations of such interactions require many particles per cell, and a large region of background plasma is often necessary to correctly mimic a semi-infinite plasma and avoid electron refluxing from a truncated plasma. For long-pulse lasers of many picoseconds, such constraints can become prohibitively expensive. Here, an extended particle boundary condition (absorber) is designed that instantaneously stops and re-emits energetic particles streaming toward the simulation boundary over a defined region, allowing sufficient time and space for a suitably cool return current to develop in the background plasma. Tunable parameters of the absorber are explained, and simulations using the absorber with a 3-ps laser are shown to accurately reproduce those of a causally separated boundary while requiring only 20% the number of particles.
description: 12 pages, 9 figures
Balanced allocation: Memory performance tradeoffs
Creators: name: Benjamini, Itai
name: Makarychev, Yury
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Suppose we sequentially put $n$ balls into $n$ bins. If we put each ball into a random bin then the heaviest bin will contain ${\sim}\log n/\log\log n$ balls with high probability. However, Azar, Broder, Karlin and Upfal [SIAM J. Comput. 29 (1999) 180--200] showed that if each time we choose two bins at random and put the ball in the least loaded bin among the two, then the heaviest bin will contain only ${\sim}\log\log n$ balls with high probability. How much memory do we need to implement this scheme? We need roughly $\log\log\log n$ bits per bin, and $n\log\log\log n$ bits in total. Let us assume now that we have limited amount of memory. For each ball, we are given two random bins and we have to put the ball into one of them. Our goal is to minimize the load of the heaviest bin. We prove that if we have $n^{1-δ}$ bits then the heaviest bin will contain at least $Ω(δ\log n/\log\log n)$ balls with high probability. The bound is tight in the communication complexity model.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/11-AAP804 the Annals of Applied Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aap/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)