cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A study of new and more sustainable catalytic routes for the synthesis of adipic acid
Creators: name: Rozhko, Elena <1988>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2014
Subjects: CHIM/04 Chimica industriale

description: The aim of my PhD research project was to investigate new and more sustainable routes, compared to those currently used, for the production of adipic acid (AA). AA is a very important chemical intermediate. The main use of AA is the production of Nylon-6,6 fibers, resins, polyesters, plasticizers.
My project was divided into two parts:
1.	The two-step oxidation of cyclohexene, where the latter is first oxidized into trans-1,2-cyclohexanediol (CHD) with aqueous hydrogen peroxide, and then the glycol is transformed into AA by reaction with molecular oxygen. Various catalysts were investigated in this process, both heterogeneous (alumina-supported Ru(OH)x and Au nanoparticles supported on TiO2, MgO and Mg(OH)2) and homogeneous (polyoxometalates). We also studied the mechanism of CHD oxidation with oxygen in the presence of these catalysts.
2.	Baeyer-Villiger oxidation of cyclohexanone with aqueous hydrogen peroxide into ɛ-caprolactone, as a first step on the way to produce AA. Study on the mechanism of the uncatalyzed (thermal) oxidation of cyclohexanone were also carried out. Investigation on how the different heterogeneous catalysts affect the formation of the reaction products and their distribution was done.
Bioconjugation and synthetic approach towards enantioenriched gem-difluoromethylene compounds through carbenium ions
Creators: name: Saulnier, Steve <1981>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2014
Subjects: CHIM/06 Chimica organica

description: Bioconjugation of peptides and asymmetric synthesis of gem-difluoromethylene compounds are areas of the modern organic chemistry for which mild and selective methods continue to be developed. This thesis reports new methodologies for these two areas based on the use of stabilized carbenium ions.
The reaction that makes the bioconjugation of peptides possible takes place via the direct nucleophilic substitution of alcohols and is driven by the spontaneous formation of stabilized carbenium ions in water. By reacting with the thiol group of cysteine in very mild conditions and with a high selectivity, these carbenium ions allow the site-specific ligation of polypeptides containing cysteine and their covalent derivatization with functionalized probes. The ligation of the indole ring of tryptophan, an emerging target in bioconjugation, is also shown and takes place in the same conditions.
The second area investigated is the challenging access to optically active gem-difluoromethylene compounds. We describe a methodology relying on the synthesis of enantioenriched 1,3-benzodithioles intermediates that are shown to be precursors of the corresponding gem-difluoromethylene analogues by oxidative desulfurization-fluorination. This synthesis takes advantage of the highly enantioselective organocatalytic α-alkylation of aldehydes with the benzodithiolylium ion and of the wide possibilities of synthetic transformations offered by the 1,3-benzodithiole group. This approach allows the asymmetric access to complex gem-difluoromethylene compounds through a late-stage fluorination step, thus avoiding the use of fluorinated building blocks.
Four New Eclipsing Binary Systems in the TESS field: CD-34 13220, HD 295082, TYC 6484-426-1 and TYC 6527-2310-1
Creators: name: Ulas, Burak
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first evidence for the binarity of four targets in the TESS field. The temperatures are estimated by SED analysis and the orbital periods are determined. The TESS light curves of the systems are analysed and the orbital and the absolute parameters are derived. The targets are also compared to well-studied binary systems with the same morphological type and their evolutionary states are discussed. Our results indicate that the stars belong to the class of eclipsing detached binary systems.
description: Accepted for publication in Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics. 17 pages, 9 figures
Many-Body Approximations in the sd-Shell Sandbox
Creators: name: Sen'kov, R. A.
name: Bertsch, G. F.
name: Brown, B. A.
name: Luo, Y. L.
name: Zelevinsky, V. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new theoretical approach is presented that combines the Hartree-Fock variational scheme with the exact solution of the pairing problem in the finite orbital space. Using this formulation in the sd-space as an example, we show that the exact pairing significantly improves the results for the ground state energy
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
Lost Horizon: Quantifying the Effect of Local Topography on Global 21-cm Cosmology Data Analysis
Creators: name: Bassett, Neil
name: Rapetti, David
name: Tauscher, Keith
name: Nhan, Bang D.
name: Bordenave, David D.
name: Hibbard, Joshua J.
name: Burns, Jack O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an investigation of the horizon and its effect on global 21-cm observations and analysis. We find that the horizon cannot be ignored when modeling low frequency observations. Even if the sky and antenna beam are known exactly, forward models cannot fully describe the beam-weighted foreground component without accurate knowledge of the horizon. When fitting data to extract the 21-cm signal, a single time-averaged spectrum or independent multi-spectrum fits may be able to compensate for the bias imposed by the horizon. However, these types of fits lack constraining power on the 21-cm signal, leading to large uncertainties on the signal extraction, in some cases larger in magnitude than the 21-cm signal itself. A significant decrease in signal uncertainty can be achieved by performing multi-spectrum fits in which the spectra are modeled simultaneously with common parameters. The cost of this greatly increased constraining power, however, is that the time dependence of the horizon's effect, which is more complex than its spectral dependence, must be precisely modeled to achieve a good fit. To aid in modeling the horizon, we present an algorithm and Python package for calculating the horizon profile from a given observation site using elevation data. We also address several practical concerns such as pixelization error, uncertainty in the horizon profile, and foreground obstructions such as surrounding buildings and vegetation. We demonstrate that our training set-based analysis pipeline can account for all of these factors to model the horizon well enough to precisely extract the 21-cm signal from simulated observations.
description: 19 pages, 11 figures, 1 table
title: Front Matter, Table of Contents, Preface, Conference Organization
Creators: name: Winter, Stephan
name: Griffin, Amy
name: Sester, Monika
Publisher: name: Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Front Matter
subject: Table of Contents
subject: Preface
subject: Conference Organization

description: Front Matter, Table of Contents, Preface, Conference Organization
description: LIPIcs, Vol. 114, 10th International Conference on Geographic Information Science (GIScience 2018), pages 0:i-0:xvi
Line-Defect Patterns of Unstable Spiral Waves in Cardiac Tissue
Creators: name: Restrepo, Juan G.
name: Karma, Alain
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Tissues and Organs (q-bio.TO)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Spiral wave propagation in period-2 excitable media is often accompanied by line-defects, the locus of points with period-1 oscillations. Here we investigate spiral line-defects in cardiac tissue where period-2 behavior has a known arrhythmogenic role. We find that the number of line defects, which is constrained to be an odd integer, is three for a freely rotating spiral, with and without meander, but one for a spiral anchored around a fixed heterogeneity. We interpret analytically this finding using a simple theory where spiral wave unstable modes with different numbers of line-defects correspond to quantized solutions of a Helmholtz equation. Furthermore, the slow inward rotation of spiral line-defects is described in different regimes.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures
Isospin asymmetric matter in a nonlocal chiral quark model
Creators: name: Carlomagno, J. P.
name: Dumm, D. Gomez
name: Scoccola, N. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the features of strongly interacting matter in the presence of nonzero isospin chemical potential $μ_I$, within a nonlocal two-flavor Polyakov-Nambu-Jona-Lasinio (PNJL) model. For a system at finite temperature $T$, we describe the behavior of various thermodynamic quantities and study the phase diagram in the $μ_I - T$ plane. In particular, it is found that for values of $μ_I$ larger than the pion mass and temperatures lower than a critical value of about 170 MeV the system lies in an isospin symmetry broken phase signaled by the presence of a nonzero pion condensate. Our results for the phase diagram are found to be in better agreement with those arising from lattice QCD calculations, as compared to the predictions from other theoretical approaches like the local PNJL model.
description: 24 pages, 8 figures
Spreadsheets: Aiming the Accountant's Hammer to Hit the Nail on the Head
Creators: name: Alliy, Mbwana
name: Brown, Patty
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Accounting and Finance (A&F) Professionals are arguably the most loyal and concentrated population of spreadsheet users. The work that they perform in spreadsheets has the most significant impact on financial data and business processes within global organizations today. Spreadsheets offer the flexibility and ease of use of a desktop application, combined with the power to perform complex data analysis. They are also the lowest cost business IT tool when stacked up against other functional tools. As a result, spreadsheets are used to support critical business processes in most organizations. In fact, research indicates that over half of financial management reporting is performed with spreadsheets by an accounting and finance professional. A disparity exists in the business world between the importance of spreadsheets on financial data (created by A&F Professionals) and the resources devoted to: The development and oversight of global spreadsheet standards; A recognized and accredited certification in spreadsheet proficiency; Corporate sponsored and required training; Awareness of emerging technologies as it relates to spreadsheet use. This management paper focuses on the current topics relevant to the largest user group (A&F Professionals) of the most widely used financial software application, spreadsheets, also known as the accountant's hammer.
description: 8 Pages
Chandra detection of XTE J1650-500 in quiescence and the minimum luminosity of black hole X-ray binaries
Creators: name: Gallo, Elena
name: Homan, Jeroen
name: Jonker, Peter
name: Tomsick, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Galactic black hole X-ray binary XTE J1650-500 entered a quiescent regime following the decline from the 2001-2002 outburst that led to its discovery. Here we report on the first detection of its quiescent counterpart in a 36 ks observation taken in 2007 July with the Chandra X-ray Observatory. The inferred 0.5-10 keV unabsorbed flux is in the range 2.5-5.0x1e-15 erg/s/cm^2. Notwithstanding large distance uncertainties, the measured luminosity is comparable to that of the faintest detected black hole X-ray binaries, all having orbital periods close to the expected bifurcation period between j- and n-driven low-mass X-ray binaries. This suggests that a few 1e30 erg/s might be a limiting luminosity value for quiescent black holes.
description: Accepted by ApJ as a Letter
Detectability of Breast Tumor by a Hand-held Impulse-Radar Detector:Performance Evaluation and Pilot Clinical Study
Creators: Takamaro Kikkawa
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2019

SSCS Webinar
ABSTRACT
   A hand-held impulse-radar breast cancer detector is presented and the detectability of breast cancers is demonstrated in clinical tests at Hiroshima University Hospital. The functional core of the detector consists of 65-nm CMOS integrated circuits covering the ultrawideband spectrum to generate, transmit, and detect Gaussian monocycle pulses at an equivalent-time sampling rate of 100 GS/s, and a single-port eight-throw switching matrix for controlling a 16-antenna array. The detector is designed to be placed on the breast of a patient in the supine position. Images of breast cancers are reconstructed by confocal imaging, consistent with those rendered by Magnetic Resonance Imaging, thereby demonstrating the feasibility of the hand-held impulse-radar detector for malignant breast tumors.

BIO
Takamaro Kikkawa received the B.S. and M.S. degrees in Electronic Engineering from Shizuoka University, Shizuoka, Japan in 1974 and 1976, respectively, and the Ph.D. degree in Electronic System from Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan in 1994. He was with NEC Corporation, Tokyo, Japan, in 1976-1998, where he conducted the research and development of interconnect technologies for logic ULSI and DRAM. He was a Visiting Scientist at MIT, Cambridge, MA, in 1983-1984, where he studied SOI devices. He joined Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan, in 1998, where he is currently a Professor at the Research Institute for Nanodevice and Bio Systems. He is an IEEE Life Fellow and Fellow of the Japan Society of Applied Physics.
The Structure of the Nonlinear Elastic Zone near the Tip of a Rapid Brittle Crack
Creators: name: Bouchbinder, Eran
name: Livne, Ariel
name: Fineberg, Jay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper has been withdrawn by the authors due to new available results. A revised version, that incorporates the new results, will be submitted later.
description: This paper has been withdrawn
Electronic-Photonic Co-Design: From Communication to Optical Phase Control
Creators: Firooz Aflatouni
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2020

SSCS Webinar Slides
Abstract: Integrated electronic-photonic co-design can profoundly impact both fields resulting in advances in several areas such as energy-efficient communication, signal processing, imaging, and sensing. Examples of integrated electronic-photonic co-design may be categorized into two groups: (a) electronic assisted photonics, where integrated analog, RF, mm-wave, and THz circuits are employed to improve the performance of photonic systems, and (b) photonic assisted electronics, where photonic systems and devices are used to improve the performance of integrated RF, mm-wave, and THz systems. In this talk, examples of electronic-photonic co-design such as optical synthesis and low power laser stabilization will be presented.
Bio: Firooz Aflatouni received the Ph.D. degree in Electrical Engineering from the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, in 2011. He was a post-doctoral scholar in the Department of Electrical Engineering at the California Institute of Technology before joining the University of Pennsylvania in 2014 where he is Skirkanich Assistant Professor in the Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering. His research interests include electronic-photonic co-design and low power RF and mm-wave integrated circuits. In 1999, he co-founded Pardis Bargh Company where he served as the CTO for five years working on design and manufacturing of inclined-orbit satellite tracking systems. From 2004 to 2006, he was a Design Engineer with MediaWorks Integrated Circuits Inc., Irvine, CA. Firooz received the Young Investigator Program (YIP) Award from the Office of Naval Research in 2019, the NASA Early Stage Innovation Award in 2019, the 2015 IEEE Benjamin Franklin Key Award, 2011 USC Department of Electrical Engineering best Ph.D. thesis award, and 2010 NASA Tech Award for his work on development of a Ka-Band SiGe receiver MMIC for space transponder applications.
On-sky commissioning of MAROON-X: A new precision radial velocity spectrograph for Gemini North
Creators: name: Seifahrt, A.
name: Bean, J. L.
name: Stürmer, J.
name: Kasper, D.
name: Gers, L.
name: Schwab, C.
name: Zechmeister, M.
name: Stefánsson, G.
name: Montet, B.
name: Santos, L. A. Dos
name: Peck, A.
name: White, J.
name: Tapia, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: MAROON-X is a fiber-fed, red-optical, high precision radial velocity spectrograph recently commissioned at the Gemini North telescope on Mauna Kea, Hawai'i. With a resolving power of 85,000 and a wavelength coverage of 500-920 nm, it delivers radial velocity measurements for late K and M dwarfs with sub-50 cm s$^{-1}$ precision. MAROON-X is currently the only optical EPRV spectrograph on a 8m-class telescope in the northern hemisphere and the only EPRV instrument on a large telescope with full access by the entire US community. We report here on the results of the commissioning campaign in December 2019 and early science results.
description: 21 pages, 14 figures
Millimeter Wave Power Amplifiers in Silicon State of the Art and Future Technology Trend Slides
Creators: Hua Wang
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2020

SSCS Webinar Slides
ABSTRACT: There is a rapidly growing need for high-performance mm-Wave power amplifiers to address mm-Wave 5G and Beyond 5G communication and numerous mission-critical multi-functional DoD applications. These next-generation mm-Wave PAs are often expected to deliver nearly “perfect” performance. They should offer large output power to ensure sufficient link budget, broad bandwidth to support multi-standard communication or frequency reconfigurability/agility, high peak and back-off efficiency for energy saving, and also inherent linearity for Gbit/s complex modulations with minimum or even no digital pre-distortions (DPD). Compared to compound devices, silicon devices often exhibit inferior device-level performance, including power density, gain, efficiency, linearity, and reliability. However, besides their unparalleled fit for system-level integration, silicon technologies offer matured modeling, flexible metal options, and extensive digital control, making them an extremely versatile and attractive platform for design innovations. In this talk, we will review the state of the art of silicon mm-Wave PAs and compare them to recent compound semiconductor PAs. We will then present several recently reported silicon mm-Wave PA design examples that essentially leverage architectural and circuit level innovations to overcome silicon device limitations and radically advance the state of the art.
Adaptive and Resilient Circuits for Improving Processor Performance, Energy Efficiency, and Yield
Creators: Keith A. Bowman
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2019

SSCS Webinar
ABSTRACT
Dynamic device, circuit, and system parameter variations degrade processor performance, energy efficiency, and yield across all market segments, ranging from small embedded cores in an Internet of Things (IoT) device to large CPUs in multicore servers. This seminar introduces the primary variations during the processor operational lifetime, including supply voltage droops, temperature changes, transistor aging, and workload fluctuations. This presentation then describes the negative impact of these variations on processor performance, energy efficiency, and yield. The wide dynamic voltage-frequency scaling (DVFS) range in today's processors increases these effects. For future IoT edge processors, the low-cost packaging, voltage regulation with time-varying energy harvesters, wide temperature range, and long-lifetime requirements exacerbate these problems further. To mitigate the adverse effects from dynamic variations, this seminar presents adaptive and resilient circuits while highlighting the key design trade-offs and testing implications for product deployment.
BIOGRAPHY
Keith A. Bowman is a Principal Engineer and Manager in the Processor Research Team at Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. in Raleigh, NC. He is responsible for researching and developing circuit technologies for enhancing the performance and energy efficiency of Qualcomm processors. He pioneered the invention, design, and test of Qualcomm's first commercially successful circuit for mitigating the adverse effects of supply voltage droops on processor performance, energy efficiency, and yield. He received the B.S. degree from North Carolina State University and the M.S. and Ph.D. degrees from the Georgia Institute of Technology, all in electrical engineering. He previously worked in the Technology Computer-Aided Design (CAD) Group and the Circuit Research Lab at Intel Corporation in Hillsboro, OR. Dr. Bowman has published over 75 technical papers in refereed conferences and journals, authored one book chapter, received 17 patents, and presented over 35 tutorials on variation-tolerant circuit designs. He was the Technical Program Committee (TPC) Chair and the General Conference Chair for ISQED in 2012 and 2013, respectively, and for ICICDT in 2014 and 2015, respectively. Since 2016, he has served on the ISSCC TPC.
Canadian Gallup Omnibus Poll June 1994
Creators: name: Inc., The Canadian Gallup Poll
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2021

description: Federal election/party(4); Jean Chretien job performance(1); hunger(2); Liberal government performance(1); economy(2); household financial situation(3); young criminal offenders(2); Canadian environment(2); Quebec separation(1).
A new thought experiment on relativistic length contraction
Creators: name: Raychaudhuri, Biplab
name: Ghose, Souvik
name: Bhadra, Arunabha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Relativistic length contraction is revisited and a simple but new thought experiment is proposed in which an apparent asymmetric situation is developed between two different inertial frames regarding detection of light that comes from a chamber to an adjacent chamber through a movable slit. The proposed experiment does not involve gravity, rigidity or any other dynamical aspect apart from the kinematics of relative motion; neither does it involve any kind of non-uniformity in motion. The resolution of the seemingly paradoxical situation has finally been discussed.
description: Pedagogical article, 8 pages, 2 figures, to be published in The Physics Educator
Inadempimento e ripartizione dell'onere probatorio
Non-fulfilment of contract and allocation of the burden of proof
Creators: name: Roldan Alzate, Natalia <1984>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2014
Subjects: IUS/01 Diritto privato

description: L'interesse per il tema dell'onere della prova nell'inadempimento contrattuale è giustificato dalla circostanza che il noto intervento delle Sezioni Unite in materia, al quale originariamente si è pensato di attribuire una portata indifferenziata e assoluta, non ha avuto l'effetto di porre fine ai numerosi contrasti interpretativi.
Al contrario, lo stesso ha determinato il sorgere di nuove incertezze e profili problematici, subendo, peraltro, continue smentite in diversi settori della responsabilità civile.
	Lo scopo della presente indagine è stato quello di verificare in quali contesti la regola fissata dalla Cassazione venisse applicata e in quali disattesa, procedendo, quindi, ad accertare la modulazione dell'onere della prova in alcuni settori considerati emblematici.
Si è, così, tentato di individuare le ragioni della limitazione dell'indirizzo in parola, nonché i criteri in base ai quali determinare l'allocazione dell'onere della prova.
description: The interest in the issue of burden of proof in the breach of contract is justified by the fact that the well-known judgement of the Sezioni Unite (13533/2001) , which was originally thought to be general and absolute , has not had the effect of put an end to the numerous conflicts of interpretation.
Infact , the sentence has given rise to new uncertainties and problematic aspects , suffering , however, continuing denials in different sectors of civil liability .
The purpose of this investigation was to verify in what contexts the rule established by the Supreme Court were to be applied and upheld in such proceeding , therefore, to assess the modulation of the burden of proof in certain areas considered as typical .
It is , thus , attempted to identify the reasons for the limitation of the address in question and the criteria by which to determine the allocation of the burden of proof .
A Young Planet Search in Visible and IR Light: DN Tau, V836 Tau, and V827 Tau
Creators: name: Prato, L.
name: Huerta, M.
name: Johns-Krull, C. M.
name: Mahmud, N.
name: Jaffe, D. T.
name: Hartigan, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In searches for low-mass companions to late-type stars, correlation between radial velocity variations and line bisector slope changes indicates contamination by large starspots. Two young stars demonstrate that this test is not sufficient to rule out starspots as a cause of radial velocity variations. As part of our survey for substellar companions to T Tauri stars, we identified the ~2 Myr old planet host candidates DN Tau and V836 Tau. In both cases, visible light radial velocity modulation appears periodic and is uncorrelated with line bisector span variations, suggesting close companions of several M_Jup in these systems. However, high-resolution, infrared spectroscopy shows that starspots cause the radial velocity variations. We also report unambiguous results for V827 Tau, identified as a spotted star on the basis of both visible light and infrared spectroscopy. Our results suggest that infrared follow up observations are critical for determining the source of radial velocity modulation in young, spotted stars.
description: Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal Letters
Changes in night sky brightness after a countywide LED retrofit
Creators: name: Hung, Li-Wei
name: Anderson, Sharolyn J
name: Pipkin, Ashley
name: Fristrup, Kurt
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The US National Park Service (NPS) Night Skies Program measured changes in sky brightness resulting from a countywide lighting retrofit project. The retrofit took place in Chelan County, a gateway community to North Cascades National Park and Lake Chelan National Recreation Area in Washington State. The county retrofitted all 3,693 county-owned high pressure sodium (HPS) street lamps to full cutoff LEDs. This number is about 60% of the County's total outdoor street and area lights. About 80% of the newly installed lights were 3000K in color temperature and 20% were 4000K. The 4000K LEDs were used to meet Washington State Department of Transportation guidelines. To measure sky brightness, we used the NPS night sky camera system before the retrofit started in 2018 and after its completion in 2019. These images were photometrically calibrated and mosaicked together to provide hemispherical images in V band. For comparison with our ground-based measurement, we obtained the satellite imagery taken by Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) onboard the Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership satellite. Our measurements show that the post-retrofit skyglow became brighter and extended higher in the sky, but upward radiance, as measured by the day-night band radiometer, decreased. These divergent results are likely explained by a substantial increase in light emitted at wavelengths shorter than 500 nm, and a relative decrease in zenith light emission due to better shielded luminaires. These results also demonstrate that earlier models relating VIIRS day-night band data to skyglow will, at a minimum, require substantial revision to account for the different characteristics of solid state luminaires.
description: 18 pages, 9 figures, 7 tables, published in Journal of Environmental Management
Fresh Produce Safety and Good Agricultural Practices: Stakeholders' Perception and Consumers' Choice in Thailand
Creators: name: Wongprawmas, Rungsaran <1980>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2014
Subjects: AGR/01 Economia ed estimo rurale

description: Concerns of Thai consumers on food safety have been recently increasing, especially in urban areas and for fresh produce because food safety scandals, such as chemical residues on fresh produce (e.g., cabbage) still frequently occur. The Thai government tried to meet consumer needs by imposing in the domestic market a stronger regulation aimed at increasing the baseline level of food safety assurance and by introducing a voluntary standard (based on Good Agricultural Practices or GAPs and known as Q-GAP) and the related food safety label (i.e., Q mark). However, since standards and regulations are weakly implemented in the domestic market compared to exported products, there is still a lack of Thai consumers’ confidence in the safety of local food products. In this work the current situation of GAPs adoption in Thai fresh produce production is analysed. Furthermore, it is studied whether Thai consumers place value on food safety labels available on the market, to know whether consumer demand could drive the market of certified safer products. This study contains three essays: 1) a review of the literature, 2) a qualitative study on stakeholders' perception toward GAPs adoption and 3) a quantitative study, aimed at analysing consumers' preferences and willingness-to-pay for food safety labels on fresh produce using a discrete choice experiment. This dissertation contributes to the economics of quality assurance and labelling, specifically addressing GAPs and food safety label in the fresh produce supply chain. Results show that Q-GAP could be effectively used to improve food safety in Thai domestic market, but its credibility should be improved. Stakeholder’s awareness toward food safety issues and the delivery of reliable and sound information are crucial. Thai consumers are willing to pay a premium price for food safety labelled produce over unlabelled ones. Implications for both government and business decision-makers are discussed.
Continuity with change : an investigation of the "monster house" issue in Vancouver's westside single-family neighbourhoods
Creators: name: Read, Kim Alexander
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Vancouver's westside residents complain to City Hall about large new houses being constructed in their single-family neighbourhoods. To address the residents' concerns and to promote the 'neighbourliness' of new development, Vancouver's planning department has focussed on the manipulation of bulk and siting controls of new houses, however, residents continue to complain. Why have these new controls been ineffective in resolving the concerns of residents? The thesis investigates this problem by surveying residents' attitudes and perceptions regarding the development of large new houses. Three different sources of information are used: 1. literature review 2. comments recorded at public meetings 3. directed home interviews with residents. A 1iterature review of "quality", "neighbourhood", "character", "change", and "continuity" is undertaken to formulate a concept of "continuity with change". Comments recorded at public meetings dealing with the issue of large new houses are analyzed. A questionnaire at the meetings and mapping of the new houses identifies southwest Oakridge as an area highly affected by this new development. Resident interviews are conducted in southwest Oakridge to survey the opinions of residents. The thesis suggests that there are three major issues which concern residents: first, the unaceptable design and general appearance of the new houses. Second, the feeling of helplessness in the face of change. Third, a concern with Asian purchasers of the new houses and the resulting cultural change in the neighbourhood. The thesis concludes that since residents' concerns are not limited to the bulk and siting of large new houses, the new controls introduced by City Hall are insufficient and the following issues must be addressed: (a) the design of the new houses, (b) the context of the new houses and their relationship to the existing streetscape, (c) continuity in landscape design, Id) community participation in managing change, (e) cultural change in the community. Alternatives to the present "outright use" system are discussed with special reference to development controls currently being applied successfully in some neighbourhoods in Vancouver.
Slowest relaxation mode of the partially asymmetric exclusion process with open boundaries
Creators: name: de Gier, Jan
name: Essler, Fabian H L
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the Bethe ansatz equations describing the complete spectrum of the transition matrix of the partially asymmetric exclusion process on a finite lattice and with the most general open boundary conditions. We extend results obtained recently for totally asymmetric diffusion [J. de Gier and F.H.L. Essler, J. Stat. Mech. P12011 (2006)] to the case of partial symmetry. We determine the finite-size scaling of the spectral gap, which characterizes the approach to stationarity at large times, in the low and high density regimes and on the coexistence line. We observe boundary induced crossovers and discuss possible interpretations of our results in terms of effective domain wall theories.
description: 30 pages, 9 figures, typeset for pdflatex; revised version
Multi-terminal memristive devices enabling tunable synaptic plasticity in neuromorphic hardware: a mini-review
Creators: name: Beilliard, Yann
name: Alibart, Fabien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Emerging Technologies (cs.ET)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Neuromorphic computing based on spiking neural networks has the potential to significantly improve on-line learning capabilities and energy efficiency of artificial intelligence, specially for edge computing. Recent progress in computational neuroscience have demonstrated the importance of heterosynaptic plasticity for network activity regulation and memorization. Implementing heterosynaptic plasticity in hardware is thus highly desirable, but important materials and engineering challenges remain, calling for breakthroughs in neuromorphic devices. In this mini-review, we propose an overview of the latest advances in multi-terminal memristive devices on silicon with tunable synaptic plasticity, enabling heterosynaptic plasticity in hardware. The scalability and compatibility of the devices with industrial complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technologies are discussed.
description: 13 pages, 1 figure, 1 table
A Super-high Angular Resolution Principle for Coded-mask X-ray Imaging Beyond the Diffraction Limit of Single Pinhole
Creators: name: Zhang, Chen
name: Zhang, Shuang Nan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High angular resolution X-ray imaging is always demanded by astrophysics and solar physics, which can be realized by coded-mask imaging with very long mask-detector distance in principle. Previously the diffraction-interference effect has been thought to degrade coded-mask imaging performance dramatically at low energy end with very long mask-detector distance. In this work the diffraction-interference effect is described with numerical calculations, and the diffraction-interference cross correlation reconstruction method (DICC) is developed in order to overcome the imaging performance degradation. Based on the DICC, a super-high angular resolution principle (SHARP) for coded-mask X-ray imaging is proposed. The feasibility of coded mask imaging beyond the diffraction limit of single pinhole is demonstrated with simulations. With the specification that the mask element size of 50* 50 square micrometers and the mask-detector distance of 50 m, the achieved angular resolution is 0.32 arcsec above about 10 keV, and 0.36 arcsec at 1.24 keV where diffraction can not be neglected. The on-axis source location accuracy is better than 0.02 arcsec. Potential applications for solar observations and wide-field X-ray monitors are also shortly discussed.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in "Chinese Journal of Astronomy & Astrophysics"
Soft-Elasticity Optimises Dissipation in 3D-Printed Liquid Crystal Elastomers
Creators: name: Mistry, Devesh
name: Traugutt, Nicholas A.
name: Sanborn, Brett
name: Volpe, Ross H.
name: Chatham, Lillian
name: Zhou, Risheng
name: Song, Bo
name: Yu, Kai
name: Long, Kevin
name: Yakacki, Christopher M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Soft-elasticity in monodomain liquid crystal elastomers (LCEs) is promising for impact-absorbing applications where strain energy is ideally absorbed at constant stress. Conventionally, compressive and impact studies on LCEs have not been performed given the notorious difficulty synthesizing sufficiently large monodomain devices. Here we demonstrate 3D printing bulk ($>cm^3$) monodomain LCE devices using direct ink writing and study their compressive soft-elasticity over 8 decades of strain rate. At quasi-static rates, the monodomain soft-elastic LCE dissipated 45% of strain energy while comparator materials dissipated less than 20%. At strain rates up to $3000~s^{-1}$, our soft-elastic monodomain LCE consistently performed closest to an ideal-impact absorber. Drop testing reveals soft-elasticity as a likely mechanism for effectively reducing the severity of impacts -- with soft elastic LCEs offering a Gadd Severity Index 40% lower than a comparable isotropic elastomer. Lastly, we demonstrate tailoring deformation and buckling behavior in monodomain LCEs via the printed director orientation.
description: 22 pages in. SI, 5 main figs, 3 supplementary figs and 1 supplementary table
The Centrality Dependence of the Parton Bubble Model for high energy heavy ion collisions and fireball surface substructure at RHIC
Creators: name: Lindenbaum, S. J.
name: Longacre, R. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In an earlier paper we developed a QCD inspired theoretical parton bubble model (PBM) for RHIC/LHC. The PBM quantitatively agreed with the strong charged particle pair correlations observed by the STAR collaboration at RHIC in the highest energy Au + Au central collisions, and also agreed with the Hanbury Brown and Twiss (HBT) observed small final state source size approximately 2f radii in the transverse momentum range above 0.8 GeV/c. The model assumed a substructure of a ring of localized adjoining 2f radius bubbles(gluonic hot spots) perpendicular to the collider beam direction, centered on the beam, at mid-rapidity and located on the expanding fireball surface of the Au + Au collisions. In this paper we extend the model (PBME) to include the changing development of bubbles with centrality from the most central region where bubbles are very important to the most peripheral where the bubbles are gone. Energy density is found to be related to bubble formation and as centrality decreases the maximum energy density and bubbles shift from symmetry around the beam axis to the reaction plane region causing a strong correlation of bubble formation with elliptic flow. We obtained reasonably quantitative agreement (within a few percent of the total correlations) with a new precision RHIC experiment which extended the centrality region investigated to the range 0-80% (most central to most peripheral). The characteristics and behavior of the bubbles imply they represent a significant substructure formed on the surface of the fireball at kinetic freezeout
description: ACCEPTED for publication in Phys. Rev. C. minor referee changes.20 pages, 12 figures, 3 tables
Quantum hashing via single-photon states with orbital angular momentum
Creators: name: Turaykhanov, D. A.
name: Akat'ev, D. O.
name: Vasiliev, A. V.
name: Ablayev, F. M.
name: Kalachev, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum hashing is a promising generalization of the cryptographic hashing concept on the quantum domain. In this paper, we construct a quantum hash via a sequence of single-photon states and perform a proof-of-principle experiment using orbital angular momentum (OAM) encoding. We experimentally verify the collision resistance of the quantum hash function depending on the number of qubits in use. Based on these results, we conclude that theoretical estimates are confirmed for different bases of OAM states and the proposed technique can be useful in computational and cryptographic scenarios. The possibility of multiplexing different OAM bases can make this approach even more efficient.
description: Accepted for publication in PRA
Quantum theory of chemical reactions in the presence of electromagnetic fields
Creators: name: Tscherbul, T. V.
name: Krems, R. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a theory for rigorous quantum scattering calculations of probabilities for chemical reactions of atoms with diatomic molecules in the presence of an external electric field. The approach is based on the fully uncoupled basis set representation of the total wave function in the space-fixed coordinate frame, the Fock-Delves hyperspherical coordinates and adiabatic partitioning of the total Hamiltonian of the reactive system. The adiabatic channel wave functions are expanded in basis sets of hyperangular functions corresponding to different reaction arrangements and the interactions with external fields are included in each chemical arrangement separately. We apply the theory to examine the effects of electric fields on the chemical reactions of LiF molecules with H atoms and HF molecules with Li atoms at low temperatures and show that electric fields may enhance the probability of chemical reactions and modify reactive scattering resonances by coupling the rotational states of the reactants. Our preliminary results suggest that chemical reactions of polar molecules at temperatures below 1 K can be selectively manipulated with dc electric fields and microwave laser radiation.
description: Accepted for publication in J. Chem. Phys
On projectively equivalent metrics near points of bifurcation
Creators: name: Matveev, Vladimir S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 37J35, 70H06, 53D25, 53B10 53C24, 53C15, 37J30, 53A20

description: Let Riemannian metrics $g$ and $\bar g$ on a connected manifold $M^n$ have the same geodesics (considered as unparameterized curves). Suppose the eigenvalues of one metric with respect to the other are all different at a point. Then, by the famous Levi-Civita's Theorem, the metrics have a certain standard form near the point. Our main result is a generalization of Levi-Civita's Theorem for the points where the eigenvalues of one metric with respect to the other bifurcate.
description: 28 pages; no figures
Chaotic electro-convection flow states of a dielectric liquid between two parallel electrodes
Creators: name: Wang, Qi
name: Guan, Yifei
name: Huang, Junyu
name: Wu, Jian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The two-dimensional regular and chaotic electro-convective flow states of a dielectric liquid between two infinite parallel planar electrodes are investigated using a two-relaxation-time lattice Boltzmann method. Positive charges injected at the metallic planar electrode located at the bottom of the dielectric liquid layer are transported towards the grounded upper electrode by the synergy of the flow and the electric field. The various flow states can be characterized by a non-dimensional parameter, the electric Rayleigh number. Gradually increasing the electric Rayleigh number, the flow system sequentially evolves via quasi-periodic, periodic, and chaotic flow states with five identified bifurcations. The turbulence kinetic energy spectrum is shown to follow the -3 law as the flow approaches turbulence. The spectrum is found to follow a -5 law when the flow is periodic.
description: 28 pages, 23 figures, accepted to be published in European Journal of Mechanics - B/Fluids
Basics of Jitter in Wireline Communications Slides
Creators: Ali Sheikholeslami
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2019

SSCS Webinar Slides
Abstract- Jitter refers to deviation from ideal timing in clock and data transitions. In wireline communications, jitter reduces the timing margin available for clock and data recovery circuits and poses significant challenges to signal integrity as the data rates march towards 100Gb/s/lane and beyond. In this talk, we first review the basic definitions of jitter and its properties, the relationship between jitter and phase noise, and the effects of jitter on CDR and other building blocks of a wireline system. We then describe the concept of jitter transfer, jitter generation, and jitter tolerance curves, and the methods of characterizing, modeling, and simulating jitter. Finally, we present some recent works on jitter measurement and jitter mitigation techniques that are used to optimize the link performance.
Bio- Ali Sheikholeslami has been a professor at the University of Toronto, Canada, since 1999. His research interests are jitter, analog and digital integrated circuits, high-speed signaling, and memory design. He has published over 70 journal and conference articles including several on jitter. He has served as the ISSCC Education Chair since 2013, and as a member of its wireline committee from 2007 to 2013. Since 2016, he has been the Education Chair and the Distinguished Lecturer Program Chair for the Solid-State Circuits Society. Prof. Sheikholeslami has received numerous teaching awards from the Faculty of Applied Science and Engineering at the University of Toronto. He is a co-author of a book entitled Understanding Jitter and Phase Noise, published by Cambridge University Press.