cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Theorie zu Personenfaktoren von Korruption
Creators: name: Seibold, Sven
name: Heber, Frank
name: Linssen, Ruth
name: Schön, Felix
Publisher: name: Hochschule Hannover
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 150 Psychologie

description: In unseren Studien haben sich Personenfaktoren im Vergleich zu Situationsfaktoren durchgängig als relevanter für die Entscheidung eines Menschen für oder gegen Korruption erwiesen. Bei der Entscheidung eines Menschen für oder gegen Korruption wirken die verschiedenen Personenfaktorklassen unterschiedlich stark. Die Personenfaktorklassen Persönlichkeit, Werte und Einstellungen beeinflussen die Entscheidung für oder gegen korruptes Handeln substanziell. Hingegen hat die Personenfaktorklasse implizite Motive entgegen ursprünglicher Erwartungen keinen substanziellen Einfluss. Auch soziodemografische Merkmale wie beispielsweise Alter oder Geschlecht haben keine substanzielle Wirkung auf Entscheidungen für oder gegen korruptes Handeln. Das Alter oder das Geschlecht ist nur indirekt wirksam, wenn es mit anderen Personenfaktoren verknüpft ist. So kann sich beispielsweise die Offenheit mit dem Alter verändern. Kausal für korrupte Handlungen sind die jeweiligen Personenfaktoren und nicht die soziodemografischen Merkmale. Die Personenfaktoren sind empirisch vergleichsweise gut abgesichert. Bei den Situationsfaktoren gibt es noch zahlreiche Unschärfen, die sich letztlich auf Basis des derzeitigen Kenntnisstands nicht zufriedenstellend auflösen lassen. Wie eine konkrete Situation von einem bestimmten Menschen wahrgenommen und verarbeitet wird, hängt von dessen Personenfaktoren und nicht nur von äußeren Situationsfaktoren ab. Die von uns vorgestellte Theorie kann eine Basis für die weitere Forschung zu Korruption sein.
description: Personalpsychologie; 11
Measuring and interpreting charge dependent anisotropic flow
Creators: name: Voloshin, Sergei A.
name: Belmont, Ronald
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Chiral Magnetic Wave (CMW) [1] predicts a dependence of the positive and negative particle elliptic flow on the event charge asymmetry. Such a dependence has been observed by the STAR Collaboration [2]. However, it is rather difficult to interpret the results of this measurement, as well as to perform cross-experiment comparisons, due to the dependence of the observable on experimental inefficiencies and the kinematic acceptance used to determine the net asymmetry. We propose another observable that is free from these deficiencies. It also provides possibilities for differential measurements clarifying the interpretation of the results. We use this new observable to study the effect of the local charge conservation that can mimic the effect of the CMW in charge dependent flow measurements.
description: 4 pages, Quark Matter 2014 proceedings
Pressure pulsations in reciprocating pump piping systems Part 1: Modelling
Creators: name: Shu, Jian-Jun
name: Burrows, Clifford R.
name: Edge, Kevin A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A distributed parameter model of pipeline transmission line behaviour is presented, based on a Galerkin method incorporating frequency-dependent friction. This is readily interfaced to an existing model of the pumping dynamics of a plunger pump to allow time-domain simulations of pipeline pressure pulsations in both suction and delivery lines. A new model for the pump inlet manifold is also proposed.
Revisiting the PeVatron candidate MGRO J1908+06 with an updated H.E.S.S. analysis
Creators: name: Kostunin, D.
name: Mohrmann, L.
name: Wilhelmi, E. de Ona
name: Joshi, V.
name: Mitchell, A.
name: Ohm, S.
name: Khélifi, B.
name: Giunti, L.
name: Sinha, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Detecting and studying galactic gamma-ray sources emitting very-high energy photons sheds light on the acceleration and propagation of cosmic rays presumably created in these sources. Currently, there are few sources emitting photons with energies exceeding 100 TeV. In this work we revisit the unidentified source MGRO J1908+06, initially detected by Milagro, using an updated H.E.S.S. dataset and analysis pipeline. The vicinity of the source contains a supernova remnant and pulsars as well as molecular clouds. This makes the identification of the primary source(s) of galactic cosmic rays as well as the nature of the gamma-ray emission challenging, especially in light of the recent HAWC and LHAASO detection of the high energy tail of its spectrum. Exploiting the better angular resolution as compared to particle detectors, we investigate the morphology of the source as well as its spectral properties.
description: Proceedings of the 37th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2021), 12-23 July 2021, Berlin, Germany - Online
[Halle (Saale), Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt, Morbio 6 (46)]
Creators: name: Franciscus
name: Johannes
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 1420
Subjects: subject: Sonstige geistliche Aussteller
subject: Notarsurkunde
subject: Urkunde
subject: 090

description: Francischus de Bursis, praepositus des Klosters St. Cataldi in Cremona, und Johannes de Bursis, canonicus dieses Klosters, verpachten dem Jacobus de Bursis, Sohn des verstorbenen Nicolaus, aus der Nachbarschaft St. Hilarii in Cremona ein Stück Land, gelegen in Casanova del Morbasco, für die Dauer von neun Jahren.
title: Agri-food market regulation and contractual relationships in the light of Directive (EU) 633/2019
Creators: name: Torino, Raffaele
name: Mancaleoni, Anna Maria
Publisher: name: Roma TrE-Press
Year: 2023

description: Il volume collettaneo analizza le tematiche connesse alla disciplina dei rapporti tra i diversi attori della filiera agroalimentare alla luce della Direttiva UE 2019/633 “in materia di pratiche commerciali sleali nei rapporti tra imprese nella filiera agricola e alimentare” e della sua attuazione negli Stati membri, nell’ottica della più ampia problematica della disciplina del mercato agroalimentare. In tale prospettiva, nella prima parte del volume la disciplina dei rapporti contrattuali della filiera agroalimentare viene inquadrata nell’ambito della PAC e della disciplina della concorrenza, evidenziandosi altresì le connessioni con altri profili di rilievo; nella seconda parte, l’analisi si concentra sull’attuazione della Direttiva UE 2019/633 nei diversi Stati membri, al fine di evidenziare i punti di forza e le debolezze del mutato quadro normativo europeo.
Scaling solutions of wiggly cosmic strings: II. Time-varying coarse-graining scale solutions
Creators: name: Almeida, A.
name: Martins, C. J. A. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We continue our exploration of the wiggly generalisation of the Velocity-Dependent One Scale Model for cosmic strings, through the study of its allowed asymptotic scaling solutions. We extend the work of a previous paper [Almeida $\&$ Martins, Phys. Rev. D 104 (2021) 043524] by considering the more comprehensive case of a time-varying coarse-graining scale for the string wiggles. The modeling of the evolution of the network therefore relies on three main mechanisms: Hubble expansion, energy transfer mechanisms (e.g., the production of loops and wiggles) and the choice of the scale at which wiggles are coarse-grained. We analyse the role of each of them on the overall behaviour of the network, and thus in the allowed scaling solutions. In Minkowski space, we find that linear scaling, previously observed in numerical simulations without expansion, is not possible with a changing averaging scale. For expanding universes, we find that the three broad classes of scaling solutions -- with the wiggliness disappearing, reaching scaling, or growing -- still exist but are differently impacted by the time evolution of the coarse-graining scale. Nambu-Goto type solutions (without wiggles) are unaffected, growing wiggliness solutions are trivially generalized, while for solutions where wiggliness reaches scaling the expansion rate for which the solution exists is decreased with respect to the one for a fixed coarse-graining scale. Finally, we also show that the inclusion of a time-varying coarse-graining scale allows, in principle, for additional scaling solutions which, although mathematically valid, are not physical. Overall, our mapping of the landscape of the allowed scaling solutions of the wiggly Velocity-Dependent One Scale Model paves the way for the detailed testing of the model, to be done by forthcoming high-resolution field theory and Nambu-Goto simulations.
description: 15 pages, 6 figures, 1 table; Phys. Rev. D (in press). Second paper in a series, the first one is arXiv: 2107.11653. Some particular solutions were previously reported in a conference proceedings at arXiv:2210.08467
Strange hidden-charm $P_{ψs}^Λ(4459)$ and $P_{ψs}^Λ(4338)$ pentaquarks and additional $P_{ψs}^Λ$, $P_{ψs}^Σ$ and $P_{ψss}^N$ candidates in a quark model approach
Creators: name: Ortega, Pablo G.
name: Entem, David R.
name: Fernandez, Francisco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hidden-charm pentaquark-like $P_{ψs}^Λ(4459)^0$ and $P_{ψs}^Λ(4338)$ resonances are studied in a constituent quark model as molecular meson-baryon structures. Such states are found in the $J^P(I)=\frac{1}{2}^-(0)$ channel with masses and widths compatible with the experimental measurements in a coupled-channels calculation with all the parameters constrained from previous studies. Other candidates are explored in the $J^P=\frac{1}{2}^-$, $\frac{3}{2}^-$ and $\frac{5}{2}^-$ channels in the charm and bottom sectors, with isospins $0$ ($P_{ψs}^Λ$ and $P_{Υs}^Λ$) and $1$ ($P_{ψs}^Σ$ and $P_{Υs}^Σ$). Additionally, the formalism is extended to study the $P_{ψss}^N$ ($P_{Υss}^N$) pentaquarks, where eight candidates are predicted as $\bar D_s Ξ_c$ molecules in $I=\frac{1}{2}$, with $J^P=\frac{1}{2}^-$, $\frac{3}{2}^-$ and $\frac{5}{2}^-$ for the charm sector and nine candidates as $B_s Ξ_b$ for the bottom one.
description: 8 pages, 1 figure, 7 tables
Unified treatment of Fermi pockets and arcs scenarios for the cuprates: Sum rule consistent response functions of the pseudogap
Creators: name: Scherpelz, Peter
name: Rançon, Adam
name: He, Yan
name: Levin, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Essential to understanding the cuprate pseudogap phase is a study of the charge (and spin) response functions, which we address here via a consistent approach to the Fermi arcs and the Fermi pockets scenario of Yang, Rice and Zhang (YRZ). The two schemes are demonstrated to be formally similar, and to share a common physics platform; we use this consolidation to address the inclusion of vertex corrections which have been omitted in YRZ applications. We show vertex corrections can be easily implemented in a fashion analytically consistent with sum rules and that they yield important contributions to most observables. A study of the charge ordering susceptibility of the YRZ scenario makes their simple physics evident: they represent the inclusion of charged bosonic, spin singlet degrees of freedom, and are found to lead to a double peak structure.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure, with included 4-page Supplementary Material
New insights from old cosmic rays: A novel analysis of archival KASCADE data
Creators: name: Kostunin, D.
name: Plokhikh, I.
name: Ahlers, M.
name: Tokareva, V.
name: Lenok, V.
name: Bezyazeekov, P.
name: Golovachev, S.
name: Sotnikov, V.
name: Mullyadzhanov, R.
name: Sotnikova, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cosmic ray data collected by the KASCADE air shower experiment are competitive in terms of quality and statistics with those of modern observatories. We present a novel mass composition analysis based on archival data acquired from 1998 to 2013 provided by the KASCADE Cosmic ray Data Center (KCDC). The analysis is based on modern machine learning techniques trained on simulation data provided by KCDC. We present spectra for individual groups of primary nuclei, the results of a search for anisotropies in the event arrival directions taking mass composition into account, and search for gamma-ray candidates in the PeV energy domain.
description: Proceedings of the 37th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2021), 12-23 July 2021, Berlin, Germany - Online
A transmission spectrum of the sub-Earth planet L98-59~b in 1.1-1.7 $μ$m
Creators: name: Damiano, Mario
name: Hu, Renyu
name: Barclay, Thomas
name: Zieba, Sebastian
name: Kreidberg, Laura
name: Brande, Jonathan
name: Colon, Knicole D.
name: Covone, Giovanni
name: Crossfield, Ian
name: Domagal-Goldman, Shawn D.
name: Fauchez, Thomas J.
name: Fiscale, Stefano
name: Gallo, Francesco
name: Gilbert, Emily
name: Hedges, Christina L.
name: Kite, Edwin S.
name: Kopparapu, Ravi K.
name: Kostov, Veselin B.
name: Morley, Caroline
name: Mullally, Susan E.
name: Pidhorodetska, Daria
name: Schlieder, Joshua E.
name: Quintana, Elisa V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With the increasing number of planets discovered by TESS, the atmospheric characterization of small exoplanets is accelerating. L98-59 is a M-dwarf hosting a multi-planet system, and so far, four small planets have been confirmed. The innermost planet b is $\sim15\%$ smaller and $\sim60\%$ lighter than Earth, and should thus have a predominantly rocky composition. The Hubble Space Telescope observed five primary transits of L98-59b in $1.1-1.7\ μ$m, and here we report the data analysis and the resulting transmission spectrum of the planet. We measure the transit depths for each of the five transits and, by combination, we obtain a transmission spectrum with an overall precision of $\sim20$ ppm in for each of the 18 spectrophotometric channels. With this level of precision, the transmission spectrum does not show significant modulation, and is thus consistent with a planet without any atmosphere or a planet having an atmosphere and high-altitude clouds or haze. The scenarios involving an aerosol-free, H$_2$-dominated atmosphere with H$_2$O or CH$_4$ are inconsistent with the data. The transmission spectrum also disfavors, but does not rules out, an H$_2$O-dominated atmosphere without clouds. A spectral retrieval process suggests that an H$_2$-dominated atmosphere with HCN and clouds or haze may be the preferred solution, but this indication is non-conclusive. Future James Webb Space Telescope observations may find out the nature of the planet among the remaining viable scenarios.
description: 17 pages, 5 figures, 7 tables, accepted for publication in AJ
Shadow Celestial Amplitude
Creators: name: Chang, Chi-Ming
name: Cui, Wei
name: Ma, Wen-Jie
name: Shu, Hongfei
name: Zou, Hao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study scattering amplitudes in the shadow conformal primary basis, which satisfies the same defining properties as the original conformal primary basis and has many advantages over it. The shadow celestial amplitudes exhibit locality manifestly on the celestial sphere, and behave like correlation functions in conformal field theory under the operator product expansion (OPE) limit. We study the OPE limits for three-point shadow celestial amplitude, and general $2\to n-2$ shadow celestial amplitudes from a large class of Feynman diagrams. In particular, we compute the conformal block expansion of the $s$-channel four-point shadow celestial amplitude of massless scalars at tree-level, and show that the expansion coefficients factorize as products of OPE coefficients.
Renormalization group improvement of the effective potential in a (1+1) dimensional Gross-Neveu model
Creators: name: Quinto, A. G.
name: Monroy, R. Vega
name: Ferrari, A. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we investigate the consequences of the Renormalization Group Equation (RGE) in the determination of the effective potential and the study of Dynamical Symmetry Breaking (DSB) in an Gross-Neveu (GN) model with N fermions fields in (1+1) dimensional space-time, which can be applied as a model to describe certain properties of the polyacetylene. The classical Lagrangian of the model is scale invariant, but radiative corrections to the effective potential can lead to dimensional transmutation, when a dimensionless parameter (coupling constant) of the classical Lagrangian is exchanged for a dimensionful one, a dynamically generated mass for the fermion fields. For the model we are considering, perturbative calculations of the effective potential and renormalization group functions up to three loops are available, but we use the RGE and the leading logs approximation to calculate an improved effective potential, including contributions up to six loops orders. We then perform a systematic study of the general aspects of DSB in the GN model with finite N, comparing the results we obtain with the ones derived from the original unimproved effective potential we started with.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures, corrections
Endogenous regulation of a therapeutic transgene restores homeostasis in arthritic joints
Creators: name: Miagkov, A.V.
name: Varley, A.W.
name: Makarov, S.S.
name: Munford, R.S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2002

description: The treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases is complicated by their unpredictable, relapsing clinical course. Here, we describe a new strategy in which an inflammation-regulated therapeutic transgene is introduced into the joints to prevent recurrence of arthritis. To this end, we designed a recombinant adenoviral vector containing a two-component, inflammation-inducible promoter controlling the expression of human IL-10 (hIL-10) cDNA. When tested in vitro, this system had a low-level basal activity and was activated four to five orders of magnitude by various inflammatory stimuli, including TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and LPS. When introduced in joints of rats with recurrent streptococcal cell wall–induced arthritis, the IL-10 transgene was induced in parallel with disease recurrence and effectively prevented the influx of inflammatory cells and the associated swelling of the joints. Levels of inflammation-inducible hIL-10 protein within the joints correlated closely with the severity of recurrence. An endogenously regulated therapeutic transgene can thus establish negative feedback and restore homeostasis in vivo while minimizing host exposure to the recombinant drug.
[Halle (Saale), Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt, Morbio 6 (111)]
Creators: name: Martilius
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 1445
Subjects: subject: Bischofsurkunde
subject: Notarsurkunde
subject: Urkunde
subject: 090

description: Martilius, Erzbischof und commissarius des Francesco Condulmer, seinerseits Kardinalpriester der Titularkirche St. Clementis, vicecancellarius der Römischen Kirche und apostolischer Legat, bescheinigt dem Guidinus de Duramalis bwz. de Uiciis, Pfründner der Kirche St. Martini in Bellessete im Bistum Cremona, in eigener Sache und im Namen des Bischofs Venturino de Marni von Cremona, Abgaben erhalten zu haben. Es folgt ein weiterer Rechtsakt, in dem Venturinus von weiteren Abgaben befreit wird.
Pulsational Frequency and Amplitude Modulation in the $δ$\,Sct star KIC\,7106205
Creators: name: Bowman, Dominic M.
name: Kurtz, Donald W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Analysis of the \textit{Kepler} $δ$\,Sct star KIC\,7106205 showed amplitude modulation in a single pressure mode, whilst all other pressure and gravity modes remained stable in amplitude and phase over the 1470\,d length of the dataset. The \textit{Kepler} dataset was divided into a series with time bins of equal length for which consecutive Fourier transforms were calculated. An optimum fixed frequency, calculated from a least-squares fit of all data, allowed amplitude and phase of each pulsation mode for each time bin to be tracked. The single pressure mode at $ν$\,=\,13.3942\,d$^{-1}$ changed significantly in amplitude, from 5.16\,$\pm$\,0.03 to 0.53\,$\pm$\,0.06\,mmag, but also varied quasi-sinusoidally in phase, with a characteristic period similar to the length of the dataset. All other p and g\,modes were stable in both amplitude and phase, which is clear evidence that the visible pulsation mode energy is not conserved within this star. Possible causes of the observed amplitude and phase modulation and the missing mode energy are discussed.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures, 3 tables
Detection methods for the Cherenkov Telescope Array at very-short exposure times
Creators: name: Di Piano, Ambra
name: Bulgarelli, Andrea
name: Fioretti, Valentina
name: Baroncelli, Leonardo
name: Parmiggiani, Nicolò
name: Longo, Francesco
name: Stamerra, Antonio
name: López-Oramas, Alicia
name: Stratta, Giulia
name: De Cesare, and Giovanni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) will be the next generation ground-based observatory for very-high-energy (VHE) gamma-ray astronomy, with the deployment of tens of highly sensitive and fast-reacting Cherenkov telescopes. It will cover a wide energy range (20 GeV - 300 TeV) with unprecedented sensitivity. To maximize the scientific return, the observatory will be provided with an online software system that will perform the first analysis of scientific data in real-time. This study investigates the precision and accuracy of available science tools and analysis techniques for the short-term detection of gamma-ray sources, in terms of sky localization, detection significance and, if significant detection is achieved, a first estimation of the integral photon flux. The scope is to evaluate the feasibility of the algorithms' implementation in the real-time analysis of CTA. In this contribution we present a general overview of the methods and some of the results for the test case of the short-term detection of a gamma-ray burst afterglow, as the VHE counterpart of a gravitational wave event.
description: Proceedings of the 37th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC 2021), PoS(ICRC2021)69, 8 pages + full author list, 5 figures
Hot carrier solar cells and thermoelectric converters: the same thing?
Creators: name: Marti, Antonio
name: Durán, Inés
name: Antolín, Elisa
name: Ramiro, Iñigo
name: Svatek, Simon A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: hot carrier solar cell, thermoelectrics

description: Presentation given at CMD30 FISMAT 2023 joint Conference, Milano 4-8 September 2023. It discusses the similarities between the hot carrier solar cell and a thermoelectric converter. The abstrac sumbmitted is also attached.
description: Work funded by the Comunidad de Madrid through the Project CEOTRES (Y2020/EMT-6419) Presentation uses mostly material created by the author. However, when credit to a third party is given for a picture within the presentation, this picture might not be covered under Creative Common License. Please, cite as: "A. Marti, I.Durán, E.Antolín, I.Ramiro and S.A.Svatek "Hot carrier solar cells and thermoelectric converters: the same thing?," presented at the CMD30 FISMAT 2023 joint Conference, Milano, Sep. 05, 2023"
High-redshift JWST Observations and Primordial Non-Gaussianity
Creators: name: Biagetti, M.
name: Franciolini, G.
name: Riotto, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Several bright and massive galaxy candidates at high redshifts have been recently observed by the James Webb Space Telescope. Such early massive galaxies seem difficult to reconcile with standard $Λ$ Cold Dark Matter model predictions. We discuss under which circumstances such observed massive galaxy candidates can be explained by introducing primordial non-Gaussianity in the initial conditions of the cosmological perturbations.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures. v2: matching published version
Episodic accretion and mergers during growth of massive protostars
Creators: name: Elbakyan, Vardan G.
name: Nayakshin, Sergei
name: Meyer, Dominique M. -A.
name: Vorobyov, Eduard I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: 3D simulations of high mass young stellar object (HMYSO) growth show that their circumstellar discs fragment onto multiple self-gravitating objects. Accretion of these by HMYSO may explain episodic accretion bursts discovered recently. We post-process results of a previous 3D simulation of a HMYSO disc with a 1D code that resolves the disc and object dynamics down to the stellar surface. We find that burst-like deposition of material into the inner disc seen in 3D simulations by itself does not always signify powerful accretion bursts. Only high density post-collapse clumps crossing the inner computational boundary may result in observable bursts. The rich physics of the inner disc has a significant impact on the expected accretion bursts: (1) In the standard turbulent viscosity discs, migrating objects can stall at a migration trap at the distance of a few au from the star. However, in discs powered by magnetised winds, the objects are able to cross the trap and produce bursts akin to those observed so far. (2) Migrating objects may interact with and modify the thermal (hydrogen ionisation) instability of the inner disc, which can be responsible for longer duration and lower luminosity bursts in HMYSOs. (3) If the central star is bloated to a fraction of an au by a previous episode of high accretion rate, or if the migrating object is particularly dense, a merger rather than a disc-mediated accretion burst results; (4) Object disruption bursts may be super-Eddington, leading to episodic feedback on HMYSO surroundings via powerful outflows.
description: 19 pages, 16 figures, accepted to MNRAS
Continuous transition from a Landau quasiparticle to a neutral spinon
Creators: name: Zhao, Jing-Yu
name: Chen, Shuai A.
name: Sun, Rong-Yang
name: Weng, Zheng-Yu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine a wavefunction ansatz in which a doped hole can experience a quantum transition from a charge $+e$ Landau quasiparticle to a neutral spinon as a function of the underlying spin-spin correlation. As shown variationally, such a wavefunction accurately captures all the essential features revealed by exact diagonalization and density matrix renormalization group simulations in a two-leg $t$-$J$ ladder. Hence its analytic form can provide an explicit understanding of the mechanism for the unconventional ground state. The transition in the phase diagram is accompanied by a change of the hole composite from a tight charge-spin binding to a loosely-bound hole-spin pair. In the latter, the hole carries a \emph{finite} spin current but with vanishing charge current in the degenerate ground states. We show that the charge of the hole composite here is dynamically diminished due to an internal relative hole-spin motion, which is fundamentally distinct from a simple charge-spin separation in a one-dimensional case. We further show that the same effect is also responsible for a strong pairing between two doped holes in such a non-Landau quasiparticle regime.
description: 18 pages, 11 figures, comments are welcome
CuFeAs: A New Member in the 111-Family of Iron-Pnictides
Creators: name: Thakur, Gohil S
name: Haque, Zeba
name: Gupta, L C
name: Ganguli, A K
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have synthesized CuFeAs, a new iron-pnictide compound with a layered tetragonal Cu2Sb type structure (space group P4/nmm: a = b = 3.7442(2) Å and c = 5.8925(4) Å) that is identical to that of 111-type iron-based superconductors. Our measurements suggest that in low applied magnetic field it undergoes an antiferromagnetic transition below TN ~ 9 K. When compared with the ground state of CuFeSb, recently reported 111-type ferromagnetic material (TC ~ 375 K), it has important implication with regard to the nature of Fe-Fe magnetic interaction in Fe-As materials. CuFeAs does not exhibit superconductivity down to 2 K.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
GRB 180325A: dust grain-size distribution and interstellar iron nanoparticles contribution
Creators: name: Cappellazzo, Elizabeth
name: Zafar, Tayyaba
name: Corcho-Caballero, Pablo
name: Kann, David Alexander
name: López-Sánchez, Ángel
name: Ahmad, Adeel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We modelled dust grain-size distributions for carbonaceous and silicates dust, as well as for free-flying iron nanoparticles in the environment of a $γ$-ray burst (GRB) afterglow, GRB 180325A. This GRB, at $z=2.2486$, has an unambiguous detection of the 2175 Å extinction feature with $R_V=4.58$ and $A_V=1.58$. In addition to silicates, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), and graphite, we used iron nanoparticles grain-size distributions for the first time to model the observed extinction curve of GRB 180325A. We fit the observed extinction for four model permutations, using 232 sets of silicates, graphite, carbon abundance in hydrocarbon molecules ($b_C$), and fraction of iron abundance in free-flying nanoparticles ($b_{\text{Fe}}$). These four different permutations were chosen to test iron nanoparticles significance and carbon abundance in hydrocarbons. Our results indicate that iron nanoparticles contribution is insignificant and there is a degeneracy of carbon abundances, with the range $(0.0 \leq b_C \leq 0.7)\times10^{-5}$ providing the best-fit to the observed extinction curve of GRB 180325A. We therefore favour the simplest model of silicates and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. The silicates are dominant and contribute to the entire wavelength range of the GRB extinction curve while graphite contributes towards both the 2175 Å bump and the UV extinction. The afterglow peak luminosity ($1.5\times10^{51}$ ergs/s) indicates dust destruction may have taken place. We conclude that further investigations into other potential contributors of extinction are warranted, particularly for steep UV extinction.
description: 13 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Mid-infrared imaging of Supernova 1987A
Creators: name: Matsuura, Mikako
name: Wesson, Roger
name: Arendt, Richard G.
name: Dwek, Eli
name: De Buizer, James M.
name: Danziger, John
name: Bouchet, Patrice
name: Barlow, M. J.
name: Cigan, Phil
name: Gomez, Haley L.
name: Rho, Jeonghee
name: Meixner, Margaret
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: At a distance of 50 kpc, Supernova 1987A is an ideal target to study how a young supernova (SN) evolves in time. Its equatorial ring, filled with material expelled from the progenitor star about 20,000 years ago, has been engulfed with SN blast waves. Shocks heat dust grains in the ring, emitting their energy at mid-infrared (IR) wavelengths We present ground-based 10--18$μ$m monitoring of the ring of SN 1987A from day 6067 to 12814 at a resolution of 0.5", together with SOFIA photometry at 10-30 $μ$m. The IR images in the 2000's (day 6067-7242) showed that the shocks first began brightening the east side of the ring. Later, our mid-IR images from 2017 to 2022 (day 10952-12714) show that dust emission is now fading in the east, while it has brightened on the west side of the ring. Because dust grains are heated in the shocked plasma, which can emit X-rays, the IR and X-ray brightness ratio represent shock diagnostics. Until 2007 the IR to X-ray brightness ratio remained constant over time, and during this time shocks seemed to be largely influencing the east side of the ring. However, since then, the IR to X-ray ratio has been declining, due to increased X-ray brightness. Whether the declining IR brightness is because of dust grains being destroyed or being cooled in the post-shock regions will require more detailed modelling.
description: MNRAS accepted
Anomalous energy exchanges and Wigner function negativities in a single qubit gate
Creators: name: Maffei, Maria
name: Elouard, Cyril
name: Goes, Bruno O.
name: Huard, Benjamin
name: Jordan, Andrew N.
name: Auffèves, Alexia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Anomalous weak values and Wigner function's negativity are well known witnesses of quantum contextuality. We show that these effects occur when analyzing the energetics of a single qubit gate generated by a resonant coherent field traveling in a waveguide. The buildup of correlations between the qubit and the field is responsible for bounds on the gate fidelity, but also for a nontrivial energy balance recently observed in a superconducting setup. In the experimental scheme, the field is continuously monitored through heterodyne detection and then post-selected over the outcomes of a final qubit's measurement. The post-selected data can be interpreted as field's weak values and can show anomalous values in the variation of the field's energy. We model the joint system dynamics with a collision model, gaining access to the qubit-field entangled state at any time. We find an analytical expression of the quasi-probability distribution of the post-selected heterodyne signal, i.e. the conditional Husimi-Q function. The latter grants access to all the field's weak values: we use it to obtain that of the field's energy change and display its anomalous behaviour. Finally, we derive the field's conditional Wigner function and show that anomalous weak values and Wigner function's negativities arise for the same values of the gate's angle.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures
The Nova KT Eri Is a Recurrent Nova With a Recurrence Time-Scale of 40-50 Years
Creators: name: Schaefer, Bradley E.
name: Walter, Frederick M.
name: Hounsell, Rebekah
name: Hillman, Yael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: KT Eridani was a very fast nova in 2009 peaking at V=5.42 mag. We marshal large data sets of photometry to finally work out the nature of KT Eri. From the TESS light curve, as confirmed with our radial velocity curve, we find an orbital period of 2.61595 days. With our 272 spectral energy distributions from simultaneous BVRIJHK measures, the companion star has a temperature of 6200$\pm$500 K. Our century-long average in quiescence has V=14.5. With the Gaia distance (5110$^{+920}_{-430}$ parsecs), the absolute magnitude is +0.7$\pm$0.3. We converted this absolute magnitude (corrected to the disc light alone) to accretion rates, with a full integration of the alpha-disc model. This accretion rate is very high at 3.5x10$^{-7}$ solar masses per year. Our search and analysis of archival photographs shows that no eruption occurred from 1928--1954 or after 1969. With our analysis of the optical light curve, the X-ray light curve, and the radial velocity curve, we derive a white dwarf mass of 1.25$\pm$0.03 solar masses. With the high white dwarf mass and very-high accretion rate, KT Eri must require a short time to accumulate the required mass to trigger the next nova event. Our detailed calculations give a recurrence time-scale of 12 years with a total range of 5--50 years. When combined with the archival constraints, we conclude that the recurrence time-scale must be between 40--50 years. So, KT Eri is certainly a recurrent nova, with the prior eruption remaining undiscovered in a solar gap of coverage from 1959 to 1969.
description: MNRAS in press
Bifunctional catalysts for the conversion of CO2 into value-added products – distance as a design parameter for new catalysts
Creators: name: Rudolph, Maik Alexander
name: Isbrücker, Philipp
name: Schomäcker, Reinhard
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften
subject: bifunctional catalyst
subject: electrostatic interaction
subject: CO2 conversion
subject: epoxides
subject: tandem reaction
subject: bifunktioneller Katalysator
subject: elektrostatische Wechselwirkung
subject: Epoxide
subject: Tandem-Reaktion
subject: CO2 Umwandlung

description: More than 1000 CO2 chemistry publications within the last five years have featured the application of bifunctional catalysts. The majority of these articles investigate hydrogenation reactions of CO2 for producing alkanes, alcohols, and ethers. Reactions using CO2 and epoxides as reactants for producing cyclic carbonates or linear polycarbonates have also been extensively researched. For all of these CO2 chemistries, an informed choice of the combined materials and their arrangement as a bifunctional catalyst is critical to their performance. Herein, we identify the distance between active sites in bifunctional catalysts as an important control parameter for the system performance. We show that a range of optimal distances between the active sites can be identified for each of the interaction mechanisms enabled by bifunctional catalysts, namely steric and electrostatic interactions as well as concentration gradients of intermediate products. For the design of bifunctional core–shell catalysts, a model-based workflow is suggested.
Thermal Conduction in Clumpy Disks and BLR clouds
Creators: name: Ayad, Hussein
name: Samadi, Maryam
name: Abbassi, Shahram
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the dynamics of clumps that coexisted with/in advection-dominated accretion flows by considering thermal conductivity. Thermal conduction can be one of the effective factors in the energy transportation of ADAFs; hence it may indirectly affect the dynamics of clumps by means of a contact force between them and their host medium. We first study the ensemble of clumps by assuming them as collision-less particles and secondly we find the orbital motion of these clouds as individuals. For both parts, clumps are subject to the gravity of the central object and a drag force. The strong coupling between clumps and ADAF leads to equality between the average treatment of the clumps and the dynamics of their background. By employing the collision-less Boltzmann equation we calculate the velocity dispersion of the clumps which turns out approximately one order of magnitude higher than the ADAF. In fact, involving drag force in such a system causes the angular momentum of the clumps can be transported outwards by the ADAF, and hence the clouds eventually will be captured at the tidal radius. The results show that the presence of thermal conduction increases the root of the averaged radial velocity square and this in turn speeds up the process of capturing the clouds through the tidal force. In the end, we focus on a typical individual cloud, the spiral orbits appear thanks to only the toroidal component of friction force. The parametric study again proves that the operation of thermal conduction helps for decreasing the lifetime of clumps.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Mucus clearance as a primary innate defense mechanism for mammalian airways
Creators: name: Knowles, Michael R.
name: Boucher, Richard C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2002

description: The conducting airways branch 20–25 times between the trachea and the alveoli as inhaled air passes from the relatively constricted nasal/tracheal passages to the large surface area of alveoli (70 m2), where gas exchange occurs. This branching anatomy leads to a surface area that expands greatly from proximal airways (e.g., third generation; ∼50 cm2) to distal airways (20th to 25th generation; ∼2 m2). The regional differences in airway surface area (or airway perimeters; ref. 1), which is often depicted by showing the airways as an inverted funnel (Figure ​(Figure1),1), pose interesting challenges for lung defense. Because many of the particles that settle on airway surfaces are infectious, airways have evolved innate defense mechanisms that constantly protect airways against bacterial and other types of infection.
Periodic Solutions of 2D Isothermal Euler-Poisson Equations with Possible Applications to Spiral and Disk-like Galaxies
Creators: name: Kwong, Man Kam
name: Yuen, Manwai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35B10 35B40 35Q85 76U05 85A05 85A15

description: Compressible Euler-Poisson equations are the standard self-gravitating models for stellar dynamics in classical astrophysics. In this article, we construct periodic solutions to the isothermal ($γ=1$) Euler-Poisson equations in $R^{2}$ with possible applications to the formation of plate, spiral galaxies and the evolution of gas-rich, disk-like galaxies. The results complement Yuen's solutions without rotation (M.W. Yuen, Analytical Blowup Solutions to the 2-dimensional Isothermal Euler-Poisson Equations of Gaseous Stars, J. Math. Anal. Appl. 341(2008), 445--456.). Here, the periodic rotation prevents the blowup phenomena that occur in solutions without rotation. Based on our results, the corresponding $3$D rotational results for Goldreich and Weber's solutions are conjectured.
description: 12 Pages. Key Words: Euler-Poisson Equations, Periodic Solutions, Rotational Solutions, Galaxies Formation, Galaxies Evolution, Gaseous Stars
The AGILE real-time analysis pipelines in the multi-messenger era
Creators: name: Parmiggiani, N.
name: Bulgarelli, A.
name: Ursi, A.
name: Fioretti, V.
name: Baroncelli, L.
name: Addis, A.
name: Di Piano, A.
name: Pittori, C.
name: Verrecchia, F.
name: Lucarelli, F.
name: Tavani, M.
name: Beneventano, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the multi-messenger era, space and ground-based observatories usually develop real-time analysis (RTA) pipelines to rapidly detect transient events and promptly share information with the scientific community to enable follow-up observations. These pipelines can also react to science alerts shared by other observatories through networks such as the Gamma-Ray Coordinates Network (GCN) and the Astronomer's Telegram (ATels). AGILE is a space mission launched in 2007 to study X-ray and gamma-ray phenomena. This contribution presents the technologies used to develop two types of AGILE pipelines using the RTApipe framework and an overview of the main scientific results. The first type performs automated analyses on new AGILE data to detect transient events and automatically sends AGILE notices to the GCN network. Since May 2019, this pipeline has sent more than 50 automated notices with a few minutes delay since data arrival. The second type of pipeline reacts to multi-messenger external alerts (neutrinos, gravitational waves, GRBs, and other transients) received through the GCN network and performs hundreds of analyses searching for counterparts in all AGILE instruments' data. The AGILE Team uses these pipelines to perform fast follow-up of science alerts reported by other facilities, which resulted in the publishing of several ATels and GCN circulars.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures, Proceedings of the 37th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC 2021), Berlin, Germany
Red supergiant stars in IC 1613 and metallicity-dependent mixing length in the evolutionary model
Creators: name: Chun, Sang-Hyun
name: Yoon, Sung-Chul
name: Oh, Heeyoung
name: Park, Byeong-Gon
name: Hwang, Narae
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a spectroscopic study on red supergiant stars (RSGs) in the irregular dwarf galaxy IC 1613 in the Local Group. We derive the effective temperatures ($T_\mathrm{eff}$) and metallicities of 14 RSGs by synthetic spectral fitting to the spectra observed with the MMIRS instrument on the MMT telescope for a wavelength range from 1.16 $μ$m to 1.23 $μ$m. A weak bimodal distribution of the RSG metallicity centered on the [Fe/H]=$-0.65$ is found, which is slightly lower than or comparable to that of the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC). There is no evidence for spatial segregation between the metal rich ([Fe/H]$>-0.65$) and poor ([Fe/H]$<-0.65$) RSGs throughout the galaxy. The mean effective temperature of our RSG sample in IC 1613 is higher by about 250 K than that of the SMC. However, no correlation between $T_\mathrm{eff}$ and metallicity within our RSG sample is found. We calibrate the convective mixing length ($α_{\mathrm{MLT}}$) by comparing stellar evolutionary tracks with the RSG positions on the HR diagram, finding that models with $α_{\mathrm{MLT}}=2.2-2.4 H_P$ can best reproduce the effective temperatures of the RSGs in IC 1613 for both Schwarzschild and Ledoux convection criteria. This result supports our previous study that a metallicity dependent mixing length is needed to explain the RSG temperatures observed in the Local Group, but we find that this dependency becomes relatively weak for RSGs having a metallicity equal to or less than the SMC metallicity.
description: 15 pages, 7 figures, accepted in ApJ