cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Nature of Plerions Surrounding Soft Gamma-Ray Repeaters
Creators: name: Harding, Alice K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Compact steady sources of X-ray emission have been detected at the positions of at least two soft gamma-ray repeaters (SGRs). These sources have been interpreted as synchrotron nebulae powered by the neutron star that is causing the bursts. We explore a plerion model for the sources surrounding SGRs where the steady observed emission is powered by the SGR bursts rather than by the spin-down of a pulsar. In this case there is no limit on the neutron star magnetic field. We find that the synchrotron lifetime of the particles injected into the plerion around SGR1806-20 is long enough to smear out nebular emission from individual bursts. Transient nebular emission would therefore not be detected following an SGR burst. The combined radio emission from multiple burst injections is expected to have a steeper spectrum than that of a typical plerion.
description: 5 pages, compressed, uuencoded postscript file. To appear in Proc. of 1995 La Jolla Workshop "High Velocity Neutron Stars and Gamma-Ray Bursts" ed. R. Rothschild et al. (AIP: New York)
Si/SiGe thermoelectric generator
Creators: name: Xu, Bin
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2015

description: This PhD thesis researches thermoelectric generator (TEG) which transfers wasted heat into electricity by thermoelectric materials. As a parameter used to characterize thermoelectric materials, figure-of-merit (ZT) models of Si bulk, Si/Si_(1-x) Ge_x bulk and Si bulk/nanowires (NWs) are built via building their models of Seebeck coefficient, electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity in this thesis. ZT of Si bulk is increased by 18% by applying a 3μm thick Si_0.8 Ge_0.2 bulk layer, and it is increased by 1000% by applying 35μm long Si NWs. TEG’s output power model which takes account of the effects of thermoelectric material, as well as all parasitic effects that affect TEG’s output power. TEG’s output power model demonstrates the output power depends on thermoelectric material’s characteristics and the contact interface quality between thermoelectric material and metal probe. Thermoelectric material’s characteristics are improved by Si NWs, Si_(1-x) Ge_x bulk, Si_(1-x) Ge_x NWs and spin-on-doping (SOD). SOD also improves the contact interface quality between thermoelectric material and metal probe, which also can be improved by sputter coating a layer of metal on thermoelectric material’s surface. Finally, TEG’s output power is increased by an order of 3 by these techniques.
Intra-partum fetal compromise: prediction and risk stratification prior to labour
Creators: name: Prior, Tomas
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2014

description: Obstetric practice aims to mitigate the potential adverse effects of intra-partum fetal compromise by identifying the compromised fetus and expediting delivery before permanent neurological damage ensues. The ubiquitous use of the cardio-tocograph as a method of intra-partum fetal surveillance has not resulted in a reduction in the incidence of cerebral palsy and has been held responsible for increasing rates of medical intervention in birth. As a result, its use is not recommended in low risk pregnancy. However, the classification of all pregnancies without antenatal complication as low risk may be inappropriate, given that a significant proportion of cases of fetal hypoxia occur within this cohort. A more individualised approach to risk stratification is therefore required. This thesis will report the development of a technique to risk stratify ‘low risk’ pregnancies prior to established labour. In a prospective observational study, ultrasound assessment incorporating umbilical and middle cerebral artery Doppler, and evaluation of 1st trimester B-HCG and PAPP-A levels, were investigated to determine if these parameters were predictive of subsequent intra-partum fetal compromise and the need for emergency delivery. Ultrasound assessment was undertaken both at term prior to established labour (in 604 cases), and at 35 – 37 weeks gestation (in 125 cases). A single trained practitioner undertook all ultrasound assessments, and staff managing the labour were blinded to the ultrasound results. Cases were followed up within 72 hours of delivery and intra-partum and neonatal outcomes evaluated. Multiple parameters (umbilical artery PI, middle cerebral artery PI, the cerebro-umbilical ratio and umbilical venous flow) were combined to create a composite risk score to predict intra-partum fetal compromise. Finally, maternal hyper-oxygenation was investigated as a potential therapeutic tool to improve fetal haemodynamics. Ultrasound assessment prior to active labour can identify fetuses at high and low risk of subsequent intra-partum compromise, even within a ‘low risk’ population. The cerebro-umbilical ratio may be the single most predictive parameter, with fetuses with the lowest ratios at significant increased risk of subsequent compromise in labour (RR 21.00, 95% CI 2.92 – 151.00). Maternal hyper-oxygenation did not influence the measured fetal Doppler parameters. Ultrasound assessment may facilitate a more individualised approach to fetal assessment, allowing women to make better informed decisions regarding labour and delivery.
Equilibration in fermionic systems
Creators: name: Bartsch, T.
name: Wolschin, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The time evolution of a finite fermion system towards statistical equilibrium is investigated using analytical solutions of a nonlinear partial differential equation that had been derived earlier from the Boltzmann collision term. The solutions of this fermionic diffusion equation are rederived in closed form, evaluated exactly for simplified initial conditions, and applied to hadron systems at low energies in the MeV-range, as well as to quark systems at relativistic energies in the TeV-range where antiparticle production is abundant. Conservation laws for particle number including created antiparticles, and for the energy are discussed.
description: 31 pages, 7 figures
Evaluating Semi-Analytic Halo Merging Histories
Creators: name: Somerville, Rachel S.
name: Lemson, Gerard
name: Kolatt, Tsafrir S.
name: Dekel, Avishai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We evaluate the accuracy of semi-analytic merger-trees by comparing them with the merging histories of dark-matter halos in N-body simulations, focusing on the joint distribution of the number of progenitors and their masses. We first confirm that the halo mass function as predicted directly by the Press-Schechter (PS) model deviates from the simulations by up to 50% depending on the mass scale and redshift, while the means of the projected distributions of progenitor number and mass for a halo of a given mass are more accurately predicted by the Extended PS model. We then use the full merger trees to study the joint distribution as a function of redshift and parent-halo mass. We find that while the deviation of the mean quantities due to the inaccuracy of the Extended PS model partly propagates into the higher moments of the distribution, the merger-tree procedure does not introduce a significant additional source of error. In particular, certain properties of the merging history such as the mass ratio of the progenitors and the total accretion rate are reproduced quite accurately for galaxy sized halos ($\sim 10^{12}\msun$), and less so for larger masses. We conclude that although there could be $\sim 50%$ deviations in the absolute numbers and masses of progenitors and in the higher order moment of these distributions, the relative properties of progenitors for a given halo are reproduced fairly well by the merger trees. They can thus provide a useful framework for modelling galaxy formation once the above-mentioned limitations are taken into account.
description: 10 pages including 9 figures, submitted to MNRAS
Asymptotically conical Ricci-flat Kahler metrics with cone singularities
Creators: name: De Borbon, Gonzalo Martin
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2015

description: The main result proved in this thesis is an existence theorem for asymptotically conical Ricci-flat Kahler metrics on C2 with cone singularities along a smooth complex curve. These metrics are expected to arise as blow-up limits of non-collapsed sequences of Kahler-Einstein metrics with cone singularities.
Design of approximate overclocked datapath
Creators: name: Shi, Kan
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2015

description: Embedded applications can often demand stringent latency requirements. While high degrees of parallelism within custom FPGA-based accelerators may help to some extent, it may also be necessary to limit the precision used in the datapath to boost the operating frequency of the implementation. However, by reducing the precision, the engineer introduces quantisation error into the design. In this thesis, we describe an alternative circuit design methodology when considering trade-offs between accuracy, performance and silicon area. We compare two different approaches that could trade accuracy for performance. One is the traditional approach where the precision used in the datapath is limited to meet a target latency. The other is a proposed new approach which simply allows the datapath to operate without timing closure. We demonstrate analytically and experimentally that for many applications it would be preferable to simply overclock the design and accept that timing violations may arise. Since the errors introduced by timing violations occur rarely, they will cause less noise than quantisation errors. Furthermore, we show that conventional forms of computer arithmetic do not fail gracefully when pushed beyond the deterministic clocking region. In this thesis we take a fresh look at Online Arithmetic, originally proposed for digit serial operation, and synthesize unrolled digit parallel online arithmetic operators to allow for graceful degradation. We quantify the impact of timing violations on key arithmetic primitives, and show that substantial performance benefits can be obtained in comparison to binary arithmetic. Since timing errors are caused by long carry chains, these result in errors in least significant digits with online arithmetic, causing less impact than conventional implementations.
MOESM1 of Targeting Activation of Specific NF-ÎşB Subunits Prevents Stress-Dependent Atherothrombotic Gene Expression
Creators: name: Djuric, Zdenka
name: Kashif, Muhammed
name: Fleming, Thomas
name: Muhammad, Sajjad
name: Piel, David
name: RĂźdiger Von Bauer
name: Bea, Florian
name: Herzig, Stephan
name: Zeier, Martin
name: Pizzi, Marina
name: Isermann, Berend
name: Hecker, Markus
name: Schwaninger, Markus
name: Bierhaus, Angelika
name: Nawroth, Peter
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Supplementary material, approximately 1.34 KB.
Numerical modelling of viscous and turbulent free-surface flows using smoothed particle hydrodynamics
Creators: name: Ely, Alice Catherine
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2013

description: This thesis presents the formulation of a Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) model and its application to a range of engineering applications. The motivation for this research lies in the desire to accurately model viscous and turbulent free-surface flows, including those with complete break-up of the free-surface. At present, boundary element modelling is typically chosen to describe free-surface flows where viscous effects are not important. The Volume of Fluid method is able to model most flow phenomena, but the representation of the free-surface is insuffcient for the most complex flows. Current SPH models have shown aptitude for modelling such flows, but there is a noticeable lack of validation carried out in the literature. This thesis includes a thorough investigation into established modelling techniques, extending or developing new techniques where necessary, in order to create a versatile and accurate SPH model for free-surface flows. Where possible, quantitative comparisons with experimental observations have been carried out to ensure a suitable level of accuracy has been achieved. First, a fairly basic SPH model is constructed through testing its ability to generate and propagate solitary waves in a numerical wave flume. This is succeeded by a thorough investigation into solitary waves breaking on a 5° slope, through which further developments are added to the SPH model. The full process, including overturning, post-breaking behaviour, run-up, and the subsequent hydraulic jump are quantitatively compared with experimental measurements. The work carried out in this thesis shows that the SPH model can successfully capture violent free-surface flows with large deformations from the initial surface geometry. Validation studies demonstrate that SPH can form an important part of model testing for engineering developments involving these types of flows.
Simia aethiops Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Primates
Atelidae
Simia
Simia aethiops

description: Simia aethiops [spec. nov.]
S. caudata imberbis, vertice pilis arrectis lunulaque frontis albis.
Simia aethiops. Hasselqv. iter. 190.
Habitat in Aethiopia. Hasselquist.
Corpus statura Dianae, fuscum, subtus album. Cauda tecta, subtus ferruginea. Supercilia s. lunula alba transversa. Palpebra superior nuda, alba. Aures acutiusculae.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 28, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
CHORUS II. Subaru/HSC Determination of the Ly$α$ Luminosity Function at $z=7.0$: Constraints on Cosmic Reionization Model Parameter
Creators: name: Itoh, Ryohei
name: Ouchi, Masami
name: Zhang, Haibin
name: Inoue, Akio K.
name: Mawatari, Ken
name: Shibuya, Takatoshi
name: Harikane, Yuichi
name: Ono, Yoshiaki
name: Kusakabe, Haruka
name: Shimasaku, Kazuhiro
name: Fujimoto, Seiji
name: Iwata, Ikuru
name: Kajisawa, Masaru
name: Kashikawa, Nobunari
name: Kawanomoto, Satoshi
name: Komiyama, Yutaka
name: Lee, Chien-Hsiu
name: Nagao, Tohru
name: Taniguchi, Yoshiaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the Ly$α$ luminosity function (LF) derived from 34 Ly$α$ emitters (LAEs) at $z=7.0$ on the sky of $3.1$ deg$^2$, the largest sample compared to those in the literature obtained at a redshift $z\gtrsim7$. The LAE sample is made by deep large-area Subaru narrowband observations conducted by the Cosmic HydrOgen Reionization Unveiled with Subaru (CHORUS) project. The $z=7.0$ Ly$α$ LF of our project is consistent with those of the previous DECam and Subaru studies at the bright and faint ends, respectively, while our $z=7.0$ Ly$α$ LF has uncertainties significantly smaller than those of the previous study results. Exploiting the small errors of our measurements, we investigate the shape of the faint to bright-end Ly$α$ LF. We find that the $z=7.0$ Ly$α$ LF shape can be explained by the steep slope of $α\simeq -2.5$ suggested at $z=6.6$, and that there is no clear signature of a bright-end excess at $z\simeq 7$ claimed by the previous work, which was thought to be made by the ionized bubbles around bright LAEs whose Ly$α$ photons could easily escape from the partly neutral IGM at $z \simeq 7$. We estimate the Ly$α$ luminosity densities (LDs) with Ly$α$ LFs at $z\simeq 6-8$ given by our and the previous studies, and compare the evolution of the UV-continuum LD estimated with dropouts. The Ly$α$ LD monotonically decreases from $z\sim 6$ to $8$, and evolves stronger than the UV-continuum LD, indicative of the Ly$α$ damping wing absorption of the IGM towards the heart of the reionization epoch.
description: 13 pages, 15 figures, accepted in ApJ
MOESM5 of Integrative analysis of the cancer genome atlas and cancer cell lines encyclopedia large-scale genomic databases: MUC4/MUC16/MUC20 signature is associated with poor survival in human carcinomas
Creators: name: Jonckheere, Nicolas
name: Seuningen, Isabelle Van
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 5: Figure S4. Correlation of MUC4 expression and copy numbers of genes correlated with MUC4. The top genes were defined as genes harboring Pearsonâ s correlation higher than 0.5 with MUC4 expression. MUC4 mRNA expression and log2 copy number of ADGRF1, LCN2, MUC20, C1ORF116, STEAP4, SCEL, MUC16 were extracted using ( https://portals.broadinstitute.org/ccle ).
Development and application of a physiological tool to predict the haemodynamic impact of coronary artery stenting
Creators: name: Nijjer, Sukhjinder
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2015

description: Coronary angioplasty is a commonly used therapy to remove stenoses in patients with chronic stable angina. Although a successful procedure, there remain both the short-term (stent thrombosis and vessel injury) and long-term risks (late stent thrombosis and significant in-stent restenosis) such that indiscriminate use of stenting can be deleterious. A considerable body of evidence suggests clinical outcomes are improved when stenting is performed using invasive coronary physiology; if stenoses cause ischaemia revascularisation is preferential to deferment, while non-ischaemic stenoses may be treated with medical therapy and observation. Successfully treated vessels are less likely to have major cardiovascular events and patient events are improved. However, there remains no good way of readily and practically predicting whether placing a stent will be successful with normalisation of abnormal coronary physiology. Furthermore, there remains no good parameter to delineate the length of a stenoses and the amount of stenting required to achieve an optimal haemodynamic result. The behaviour of coronary physiology after coronary intervention remains poorly described, particularly in the resting state. Furthermore, human coronary disease is often complex with many coronary stenoses present. This confounds our physiological assessment of a given stenosis and contributes to the poor utilisation of physiological technologies in the patients. In this thesis, I apply phasic assessment throughout the cardiac cycle to describe the behaviour of coronary physiology in humans who undergo assessment and intervention in the catheter laboratory. The behaviour of coronary pressure, flow velocity and resistance will be assessed. I will assess how these parameters change after coronary intervention to develop models of predicting the change in coronary flow and pressure. I will then apply these models to a novel approach that allows assessment of physiological stenosis length, the identification of haemodynamic impact imposed by a single stenosis in diffusely diseased and tandem stenoses. The aim is to produce a new clinical tool that can be readily used in the clinical assessment of challenging coronary disease.
Neighborhood-level influence of the fast-food environment and adult obesity in NYC
Creators: name: Graham-Wright, Lisa
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2021

description: For adults, age 20 and older, obesity definition is based on body mass index (BMI). BMI is a ratio that shows an individual height to weight and an adult with a BMI ≥30 is considered to be obese. The rapid increase in the rates of obesity has contributed to various related diseases, for example, heart disease, stroke and ultimately death. The association of fast-food restaurant and obesity is not quite understood and is very much understudy. Thus, the purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of the neighborhood-level fast-food restaurants to determine whether there’s an association with adult obesity in NYC after controlling for socioeconomic status (SES) levels of the geographic region. Fast-food restaurants (limited) were the main focus of this study, but other restaurants (full-service) were included in the analysis in order to capture food consumed outside of home. Pearson correlations were conducted in order to assess the bivariate correlations between the study variables BMI, SES, number of fast-food restaurants, and number of restaurants. The results conclude that there were strong negative correlations between BMI and SES (r = -.421, p = .013), fast-food (r = -.417, p = .014), and number of restaurants (r = -.396, p = .021). Multiple linear regression model using the three predictors explained 16.7% of variation in predicting BMI (Adjusted R2 = 0.167). The overall model was found to be significant, F (3, 30) = 3.206, p = .037. However, none of the predictors were found to be significant: SES (B = -.365, p = .109), fast-food (B = -.640, p = .213), and restaurants (B = 0.449, p = .427). Multicollinearity may explain this paradoxical finding. Due to multicollinearity, the independent variables were assessed separately by conducting three separate linear regressions. Results of the study were that there were negative associations of SES, number of fast-food establishments, and number of restaurants, with BMI. They supported the assertion that an increased in the density of fast-food restaurants in neighborhoods does not lead to higher obesity prevalence in NYC with socioeconomic status serving as a control variable. It is recommended, however, for future studies to consider looking at the restaurant mix as well as other influential factors of the fast-food environment that may play a role in differences in weight outcome.
Exploring the transcriptional and translational implications of DNA methylation in breast cancer
Creators: name: Shenker, Natalie
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2015

description: The significance of DNA methylation beyond the gene promoter is little understood. High levels of intragenic methylation (IGM) correlate with active gene expression in lower organisms. Pyrosequencing assays across oestrogen receptor alpha (ESR1) in ESR1-positive and negative breast cancer cell lines showed higher IGM levels in ESR1-positive cells, with reduced ESR1 expression after demethylation with decitabine. However, different ESR1 IGM patterns were determined in breast cancer biopsies, probably because of cell heterogeneity. DNA methylation can reflect cellular environmental exposures. A methylation signature of smoking was determined in a European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition epigenome-wide association study (EWAS, 450K array), in case-control pairs of breast (n=92) and colorectal cancer (n=95). Differentially methylated loci (p=1x107) were validated independently by pyrosequencing in peripheral mononuclear blood cells from 102 never, 45 former and 33 current smokers (n=180). Validated loci included intragenic loci in AHRR, involved in dioxin metabolism, and an intergenic region, 2q37, that was associated with breast cancer risk (p=0.003). Four loci comprised an index that outperformed the gold standard test for former smoking, cotinine. DNA methylation signatures and exposure levels vary between cell types, but few studies have exclusively investigated the target for breast carcinogenesis, the breast epithelial cell. Therefore, a proof-of-principle study into cells from breast milk samples (n=150 milk bank donors) characterised >97% as epithelial (EMA-positive) and >80% as ESR1-positive by flow cytometry. Extracted DNA and RNA underwent methylation, genotyping and expression analyses. ESR1 IGM patterns matched ESR1-positive tumour cell lines. Furthermore, 2q37 was hypomethylated in 19 former smokers compared to 69 non-smokers (p=0.026). To conclude, differentially methylated non-promoter loci may be functionally important, and useful as biomarkers, but tissue selection for prospective epigenetic studies should be carefully considered. Future large-scale breast milk sample collections will inform population-level studies into environmental exposures, breast cancer risk, and mammary biology.
The Infrared Diameter -- Velocity Dispersion Relation for Elliptical Galaxies
Creators: name: Gregg, Michael D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using single channel infrared photometry from the literature, a provisional K-band diameter--velocity dispersion relation for elliptical galaxies in the Coma and Virgo clusters is derived. The Coma cluster relation has \~1.5 times lower scatter at K than in B or V. Excluding 4 outliers, the RMS scatter at K for 24 galaxies in Coma is only 4.8% in distance, close to the limit implied by the observational errors. Distance estimates based on the IR \Dsig relation will be more accurate than those derived from optical data. The improvement in the infrared is attributed to a decrease in sensitivity to stellar population parameters (age, metallicity, and slope of the IMF) as well as lower internal extinction from dust compared to the optical. That the \Dsig relation has a larger scatter in the optical indicates that there are detectable, but small, stellar population or dust content differences among the Coma ellipticals. Since the \Dsig relations are based on the fundamental plane, this result promises that the fundamental plane is thinner in the infrared than it is in the optical. Infrared photometric data available for Virgo are limited to just 13 objects; the spread in distance due to the depth of the cluster precludes any significant improvement over B and V. A relative Coma-Virgo distance of 5.56 is derived from the K band data, in agreement with estimates in other colors and using other techniques, indicating that there is no significant age difference between Virgo and Coma ellipticals.
description: 10 pages, 3 Postscript figures, uuencoded and Z-compressed with csh script uufiles; to appear in the September Astronomical Journal
MOESM4 of Stacking of a low-lignin trait with an increased guaiacyl and 5-hydroxyguaiacyl unit trait leads to additive and synergistic effects on saccharification efficiency in Arabidopsis thaliana
Creators: name: Vries, Lisanne De
name: Vanholme, Ruben
name: Acker, Rebecca Van
name: Meester, Barbara De
name: Sundin, Lisa
name: Boerjan, Wout
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 4. Graphs of the glucose release/CWR over time. Glucose release/CWR of the tra2 comt-1, c4h-3 comt-4, and 4cl1-1 comt-4 double mutants, wild type, and the corresponding parental lines, without, with acid and with alkaline pretreatment at the different timepoints. A) Glucose release/CWR for tra2 comt-1 and its respective control lines. B) Glucose release/CWR for c4h-3 comt-4 and its respective control lines. C) Glucose release/CWR for 4cl1-1 comt-4 and its respective control lines. Measurements were done 6, 24, 48, 72, and eventually 96 h after the saccharification enzymes were added to the samples. The error bars represent standard deviations (n = 10). The exact values and significances are presented in Additional file 5. The relative increases in saccharification efficiency compared to wild type are presented in Additional file 6.
Simia midas Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Primates
Atelidae
Simia
Simia midas

description: Simia midas [spec. nov.]
S. caudata imberbis, labio superiore fisso, auribus quadratis nudis.
Cercopithecus niger minimus, manibus & pedibus croceis. Edv. av. 196. t. 196.
Cay. Raj quadr. 155.
Habitat in America.
Manus & Pedes lutei aut rubri. Corpus atrum, Cauda longissima. Aures nudae, amplae, retusae. Ungues omnes subulati s. ferini, exeptis pollicum plantarum rotundatis. s. humanis.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 28, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Being with You: Mediating Ambient Presence of Remote Social Group
Creators: name: Huang, Yiwei
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 120304 Digital and Interaction Design
subject: FOS: Arts (arts, history of arts, performing arts, music)

description: Perceiving the ambient presence of others becomes a challenge when social groups such as families, learning groups, and workgroups transition into remote forms. The need for intimate communication, serendipitous encounters, and simply the plural forms of the presence of others are unmet with existing remote communication tools. Although technology advancement brings about proliferating communication tools, little has gone beyond a dominant visual and linguistic paradigm. How might we designplural forms of medium to support remote ambient presence for remote social groups? In this thesis, I investigated the context and need of remote social groups. I studied theories and frameworks related to creating and perceiving the remote presence of others. I synthesized a design framework for remote ambient presence based on my investigations in telematic art, phatic technology, and multi-modal interactions. The learnings have focused onengaging a wider range of modalities in interaction design for remote communication, challenging the norm of designing through dominant mediums. I generated four design prompts that address values related to the multi-aspect construct of ambient presence in remote communication, including ‘privacy’, ‘serendipity’, ’immersion’,and ‘emotion’. The design prompts led to five design experiments responding to the unmet needs of remote social groups. As such, the design experiments further revealed context-specific insights through experience testing, evaluations with questionnaires, and user discussions. Mainly, Spatial audio is a medium that isnon-intrusive with a high level of immersion. User-generateddomestic ambient sound experienced through spatial audio could enable the perception of remote ambient presence. People prefer that their presence is perceived without direct surveillance. For example, Users are sensitive to the fidelity of sensors and prefer leaner sensors when it comes to ‘always-on’ connection. And, novel ways of interaction design for remote ambient presence can evoke emotions. For example, laughter can be reinforced remotely.
A plastic scintillator array for reactor based anti-neutrino studies
Creators: name: Mulmule, D.
name: Behera, S. P.
name: Netrakanti, P. K.
name: Mishra, D. K.
name: Kashyap, V. K. S.
name: Jha, V.
name: Pant, L. M.
name: Nayak, B. K.
name: Saxena, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Indian Scintillator Matrix for Reactor Anti-Neutrinos (ISMRAN), a plastic scintillator array (10$\times$10), is being constructed for the purpose of electron anti-neutrino ($\overline\nuup_{e}$) detection for reactor monitoring applications. A prototype detector called mini-ISMRAN, which consists of 16$\%$ of ISMRAN, has been setup for studying the detector response, background rates and event characterization in the reactor and non-reactor environment. The data acquisition system based on waveform digitizers is being used for pulse processing and event triggering. Monte-Carlo based simulations using GEANT4 are performed to optimize lead (Pb) and borated polyethylene (BP) shielding for background reduction and to study the positron, neutron and $γ$-ray response in the ISMRAN detector. Characterization of plastic scintillator detectors with known radioactive sources is done for energy, timing and position measurements. Using the energy summation and bar multiplicity selection, coincident events from $\mathrm{{}^{60}Co}$ decay are reconstructed in non-reactor environment. Results from background measurements using various detectors are quantified in reactor ON and OFF condition. The shielding of 10 cm Pb and 10 cm BP along with the requirement of hits in multiple bars, reduces the uncorrelated background in reactor ON condition.
description: 22 pages, 20 figures
Precision Prediction for the Big-Bang Abundance of Primordial Helium
Creators: name: Lopez, Robert E.
name: Turner, Michael S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Within the standard models of particle physics and cosmology we have calculated the big-bang prediction for the primordial abundance of \he to a theoretical uncertainty of less than $0.1 \pct$ $(δY_P < \pm 0.0002)$, improving the current theoretical precision by a factor of 10. At this accuracy the uncertainty in the abundance is dominated by the experimental uncertainty in the neutron mean lifetime, $τ_n = 885.4 \pm 2.0 sec$. The following physical effects were included in the calculation: the zero and finite-temperature radiative, Coulomb and finite-nucleon-mass corrections to the weak rates; order-$α$ quantum-electrodynamic correction to the plasma density, electron mass, and neutrino temperature; and incomplete neutrino decoupling. New results for the finite-temperature radiative correction and the QED plasma correction were used. In addition, we wrote a new and independent nucleosynthesis code designed to control numerical errors to be less than 0.1\pct. Our predictions for the \EL[4]{He} abundance are presented in the form of an accurate fitting formula. Summarizing our work in one number, $ Y_P(η= 5\times 10^{-10}) = 0.2462 \pm 0.0004 (expt) \pm < 0.0002 (theory)$. Further, the baryon density inferred from the Burles-Tytler determination of the primordial D abundance, $Ω_B h^2 = 0.019\pm 0.001$, leads to the prediction: $Y_P = 0.2464 \pm 0.0005 (D/H) \pm < 0.0002 (theory) \pm 0.0005 (expt)$. This ``prediction'' and an accurate measurement of the primeval \he abundance will allow an important consistency test of primordial nucleosynthesis.
description: Replaced fitting formulas - new versions differ by small but significant amount. Other minor changes. 30 pages, 17 figures, 5 tables
Additional file 3: of A family of auxin conjugate hydrolases from Solanum lycopersicum and analysis of their roles in flower pedicel abscission
Creators: name: Fu, Xin
name: Shi, Zihang
name: Jiang, Yun
name: Jiang, Lingling
name: Qi, Mingfang
name: Xu, Tao
name: Li, Tianlai
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Virology

description: Analytical parameters of the compound IAA: correlation coefficient (R), linear range, calibration curves and limits of detection and quantification (LOD, LOQ) of IAA. (DOCX 12 kb)
Mapping petroleum migration pathways using magnetics, geochemistry and seismic mapping. Case study: Wessex Basin, southern England, UK
Creators: name: Abubakar, Rabiu
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2016

description: This thesis presents, for the first time, direct evidence for the formation of magnetic minerals during hydrocarbon generation, it also reports on the nature and type of magnetic mineralogy formed during the generation of oil and gas. This thesis also reports experimental results that explain variations in magnetic mineralogy along potential crude oil migration paths in the Wessex Basin, southern England, UK. Potential oil-source rocks from the Wessex Basin, England, were pyrolysed (artificial maturation) at various temperatures under conditions similar to those for hydrocarbon-generation to reveal the formation of nano-metre sized magnetic minerals, mainly magnetite and pyrrhotite, with traces of greigite. The potential of these magnetic minerals to migrate along with the generated crude oil is also reported in this thesis. To assess the possibility of using magnetic characterisation to test for potential hydrocarbon migration, I examined the Wessex Basin, southern England, using 2D seismic data, geochemical analysis and mineral magnetic techniques. Potential hydrocarbon migration pathways from the hanging wall of the Purbeck fault into Sherwood Sandstone reservoir at Wytch Farm was identified via interpretation of 2D seismic data. Geochemical characterisation of oils extracted from core materials from the Wessex Basin revealed oils found at Stoborough and Waddock Cross are less mature than oils at Wytch Farm, which likely indicates spillage from the top of the reservoir at Wytch Farm due to regional tilting. In addition, the geochemical data from the core materials also show probable migration paths for oils found at Chickerell. Magnetic characterisation of reservoir core material (Bridport Sandstone and Inferior Oolite) revealed variations in magnetic signatures along potential migration routes, with variations also found with sampling depth. The magnetic signature was characterised using low-temperature magnetic remanence and hysteresis measurements, because much of the magnetic signature was found to be from nanoparticles that are thermally activated at room temperature (superparamagnetic). The study found magnetite predominates in the hydrocarbon proximal plume, pyrrhotite in the distal plume environment with mixed pyrrhotite and magnetite in shallow proximal plume environment. It is suggested that magnetic mineralogy has the potential to be used as a proxy for hydrocarbon migration identification in the future.
Manipulating the Mott lobes: optical lattice bosons coupled to an array of atomic quantum dots
Creators: name: Wozniak, Damian
name: Dobler, Florian Magnus
name: Posazhennikova, Anna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze quantum phase transitions in a system of optical lattice bosons coupled to an array of atomic quantum dots, or pseudospins-1/2. The system parallels the Bose-Hubbard model with a single difference of the direct tunneling between the lattice sites being replaced by an assisted tunneling via coupling to the atomic quantum dots. We calculate the phase diagram of the combined system, numerically within the Gutzwiller ansatz and analytically using the mean-field decoupling approximation. The result of the assisted Bose-Hubbard model is that the Mott-superfluid transition still takes place, however, the Mott lobes strongly depend on the system parameters such as the detuning. One can even reverse the usual hierarchy of the lobes with the first lobe becoming the smallest. The phase transition in the bosonic subsystem is accompanied by a magnetization rotation in the pseudospin subsystem with the tilting angle being an effective order parameter. When direct tunneling is taken into account, the Mott lobes can be made disappear and the bosonic subsystem becomes superfluid throughout.
description: 7 pages, 8 figures, minor changes, accepted version
Entanglement entropy of two disjoint intervals and the recursion formula for conformal blocks
Creators: name: Ruggiero, Paola
name: Tonni, Erik
name: Calabrese, Pasquale
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We reconsider the computation of the entanglement entropy of two disjoint intervals in a (1+1) dimensional conformal field theory by conformal block expansion of the 4-point correlation function of twist fields. We show that accurate results may be obtained by taking into account several terms in the operator product expansion (OPE) of twist fields and by iterating the Zamolodchikov recursion formula for each conformal block. We perform a detailed analysis for the Ising conformal field theory and for the free compactified boson. Each term in the conformal block expansion can be easily analytically continued and so this approach also provides a good approximation for the von Neumann entropy.
description: 25 pages, 4 figures. New version: small changes in the main text, Fig.3 has been modified
Degradation of Dimethyl phthalate through Fe(II)/ Peroxymonosulfate heightened by fulvic acid: efficiency and possible mechanism
Creators: name: Ding, Yi
name: Zhang, Min
name: Zhou, Sijie
name: Xie, Linbei
name: Li, Ao
name: Wang, Ping
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Cancer

description: Ferrous iron (Fe(II)) reacts with peroxymonosulfate (PMS) to form active oxidants that can degrade refractory organic pollutants. However, the conversion rate of Fe(III) to Fe(II) is slow, which limits its actual application. In the study, the effect of fulvic acid (FA) on the degradation of dimethyl phthalate (DMP) by Fe(II)/PMS was investigated. Moreover, the degradation process of DMP was predicted by the preliminary identification of active free radicals and intermediates. As expected, FA gave rise to a higher concentration of Fe(II) than that in Fe(II)/PMS to enhance the removal of DMP in Fe(II)/PMS system. The precipitate, involved in FA and iron, was an important composite to promote the degradation of DMP in the system. Also, the response surface methodology (RSM) was applied to model and optimize the degradation conditions of DMP. The highest removal efficiency (85.70%) was obtained at pH = 3.86, [PMS] = 0.96 mM, [FA] = 11.44 mg/L and [DMP] = 5 μM. The results of free radical quenching experiments and EPR showed that ·OH and SO4•- were the main active radicals in this system. The degradation intermediates of DMP were monomethyl phthalate (MMP), phthalic acid, and benzoic acid. Discoveries of this study had raised current understanding of the application of FA keeping the cycles of Fe(II)/Fe(III) for peroxymonosulfate activation, which could afford valuable information for the degradation of organic pollutants by FA/Fe(II)/PMS.
On The Jets Associated with Galactic Superluminal Sources
Creators: name: Levinson, Amir
name: Blandford, Roger
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent observations of GRS 1915+105 and GRO J1655+40 reveal superluminal motions in Galactic sources. This letter examines the physical conditions within these Galactic sources, their interaction with their environment, their possible formation, and contrasts them with their extragalactic counterparts. In particular, e$^{+}$-e$^{-}$ and e-p jets are contrasted, constraints on particle acceleration in the jets are imposed using X-ray and radio observations, the $γ$-ray flux from e$^+$-e$^-$ jets expected at EGRET energies and the flux in infrared lines from an e-p jet are estimated. It is also suggested that these sources may exhibit low frequency radio lobes extending up to several hundred parsecs in size, strong, soft X-ray absorption during the birth of the radio components and emission line strengths anti-correlated with the X-ray flux. The implications for other X-ray transients are briefly discussed.
description: 10 pages, Tex file
Simia cynamolgos Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Primates
Atelidae
Simia
Simia cynamolgos

description: Simia cynamolgos [spec. nov.]
S. caudata imberbis, naribus bifidis elatis, clunibus tuberosis. Syst. nat. 3.
Simia aegyptiaca cauda elongata, clunibus tuberosis nudis. Hasselqv. iter. 189.
Cercopithecus angolensis major. Marcgr. bras. 227. Raj. quadr. 155.
Habitat in Africa.
Color lupi ex fusco viridi - flavescens. Statura ursi. Nates calvae. Cauda arcuata. Abdomen albicans.
Noctu vigilias instituit.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 28, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Dirac cohomology and simple modules of the Dunkl-Opdam subalgebra via inherited Drinfeld properties
Creators: name: Calvert, Kieran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper we define a new presentation for the Dunkl-Opdam subalgebra of the rational Cherednik algebra. This shows that the Dunkl-Opdam subalgebra is a Drinfeld algebra. We use this fact to define Dirac cohomology for the DO subalgebra. We also formalise generalised graded Hecke algebras and define a Langlands classification to generalised graded Hecke algebras.
MOESM4 of Integrative analysis of the cancer genome atlas and cancer cell lines encyclopedia large-scale genomic databases: MUC4/MUC16/MUC20 signature is associated with poor survival in human carcinomas
Creators: name: Jonckheere, Nicolas
name: Seuningen, Isabelle Van
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 4: Figure S3. Interaction network of the proteins correlated with MUC4 expression. Interacting proteins were determined by String 10 tool and are represented by nodes. Edges represent a relationship between two nodes (known interaction from curated databases or experimentally determined; predicted interaction from gene neighborhood, gene fusion or co-occurrence; textmining; co-expression; protein homology). The obtained network was divided in 3 clusters by k-means clustering.