cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A Systematic Approach to Examine the Module Performance and Loss Distribution of Grid-Tied Photovoltaic Arrays
Creators: name: Lee, C.Y.
name: Chiang, J.K.
name: Lin, P.C.
name: Nishimaniwa, O.
name: Suzuki, K.
name: Gan, L.P.
name: Chen, F.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: PV Systems
Large PV Power Plants and Distributed PV: System Aspects and Grid Connection

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 3929-3933
description: One improved analysis methodology, which integrates performance ratio (PR) along with categorized
power loss factors, for examining photovoltaic (PV) system performance has been presented. One of Tokyo Electron
Limited (TEL) outdoor test facilities, which is located in Southern Taiwan, has been utilized to examine its outdoor
performance with the presented methodology in a systematic and fast manner. One customized scripts software has
been developed for automatically processing the one year real-time data analysis in presented methodology. The
result of performance analysis along with power factors has successfully segregated each loss factor impact on PV
system power loss and is capable for technology benchmark and array-to-array performance comparison.
Magnetic susceptibility of crystals with crossing of their band-contact lines
Creators: name: Mikitik, G. P.
name: Sharlai, Yu. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically study the orbital magnetic susceptibility produced by electron states near a crossing point of two band-contact lines in a crystal. It is shown that this susceptibility can have an unusual dependence on the Fermi level and can change noticeably with the temperature when the Fermi level is in the vicinity of the crossing point. These features of the magnetic susceptibility can be useful in detecting the crossing points in crystal. The obtained results explain the well-known temperature dependence of the magnetic susceptibility of V$_3$Si.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures. To be published in Low Temp. Phys
Improved DC/DC Link Control for Fault-Ride-through Capability of Photovoltaic Inverter
Creators: name: Nguyen, V.L.
name: Tran-Quoc, T.
name: Bacha, S.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: PV Systems
Large PV Power Plants and Distributed PV: System Aspects and Grid Connection

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 4064-4067
description: The main topologies of PV inverters consist in two stages: DC/DC and DC/AC. Under grid fault,
the voltage of DC link increases and can produce a disconnection due to internal protection. This paper presents a
new DC link voltage control in order to avoid this drawback. A PV system model is implemented on
Matlab/Simulink in order to verify the performance of the proposed control.
Experimental Research of High Efficiency Energy Conversion of Laser Radiation by GaAs/Ge Photovoltaic Cell
Creators: name: Kapranov, V.
name: Saveliev, V.
name: Tugaenko, V.
name: Zayats, O.
name: Matsak, I.
name: Kagan, M.
name: Zhalnin, B.
name: Maslyakov, Y.
name: Obrucheva, E.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Material Studies, New Concepts and Ultra-High Efficiency
Solar Cells, Modules and PV Systems for Space Applications

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 175-177
description: The paper concerns way of wireless energy transfer in space applications by infrared radiation. For wireless
energy transfer in space one of the main features is high conversion efficiency (above 50%). We present results of
photovoltaic cell efficiency. The experiment consists of single-stage GaAs/Ge photovoltaic receiver and special laser that
emits at a wavelength of 809 nm. In our experiments, efficiencies of our cell at different power densities of laser radiation are
analyzed. Laser beam is pointed at the cell by collimating optics and has the shape of narrow strip. Width of strip was
smaller than distance between the contact grid stripes. So, we determined influence of laser beam power density on the
photovoltaic cell efficiency. Some methods of structure optimization of photovoltaic receiver for efficiency increase are
considered.
ROBUST CONTROL OF AN EVTOL THROUGH TRANSITION WITH A GAIN SCHEDULING LQR CONTROLLER
Creators: name: Thompson, Derek
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Aerospace engineering
subject: eVTOL
subject: Gain Scheduling
subject: LQR

description: The advancements in electric motor propulsion and battery technologies have made the implementation of electric power in aerial transportation increasingly feasible. As such, the interest and development of electric vertical takeoff and landing (eVTOL) aircraft has become a greater portion of the market. This increase drives a need for research into control of the eVTOLs to ensure safe flight through the transition from hover to forward flight. This paper proposes a control strategy using the transition dynamics in a gain scheduling LQR attitude controller to robustly control the vehicle at any point throughout transition. The proposed control strategy is tested through implementation in nonlinear 3DOF and 6DOF simulations. The robustness of the controller is tested through simulating transition and virtual mission profiles.
Trinucleon Electromagnetic Form Factors and the Light-Front Hamiltonian Dynamics
Creators: name: Baroncini, F.
name: Kievsky, A.
name: Pace, E.
name: Salme`, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This contribution briefly illustrates preliminary calculations of the electromagnetic form factors of $^3$He and $^3$H, obtained within the Light-front Relativistic Hamiltonian Dynamics, adopting i) a Poincaré covariant current operator, without dynamical two-body currents, and ii) realistic nuclear bound states with $S$, $P$ and $D$ waves. The kinematical region of few $(GeV/c)^2$, relevant for forthcoming TJLAB experiments, has been investigated, obtaining possible signatures of relativistic effects for $Q^2>2.5 ~(GeV/c)^2$.
description: 8 Pages, 7 figures, aipproc.cls included. Proceedings of VIth Intl. Conf. on "Perspectives in Hadronic Physics", Trieste, May 2008. AIP series
Lowly-Doped Compensated Solar-Grade Cz-Silicon for High Efficiency Solar Cell Processes
Creators: name: Broisch, J.
name: Rein, S.
name: Schmidt, J.
name: Fertig, F.
name: Soiland, A.-K.
name: Odden, J.O.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Feedstock, Crystallisation and Wafering

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 994-1001
description: Alternative feedstock production routes avoiding the gaseous phase during silicon purification led up to
now to significantly increased boron and phosphorus concentrations. The new generation of SoG ESSTM feedstock of
Elkem Solar features reduced dopant concentrations with a net doping concentration similar to standard industrial
silicon. Two Cz crystals, one p-type and one n-type doped, from blends with 50% ESSTM feedstock were studied
regarding their light-induced degradation behavior and the ability of the p-type silicon to be used in high-efficiency
solar cell concepts. For the light-induced degradation in n-type compensated silicon, we can confirm recent results
from literature and show in addition the dependence of the defect generation rate and the saturated value of the Cz
defect from the oxygen concentration. The potential of the p-type crystal with 50% ESSTM feedstock for solar cell
production has been shown by Al-BSF and PERC solar cells. The intrinsic boron-oxygen defect is identified to be the
only limiting defect for the p-type materials in the stable degraded state. Furthermore, a lifetime study reveals that
there are getterable background impurities in the 50% ESSTM crystal which are proven not to be feedstock-specific as
there amount is very similar in the virgin reference crystal.
Topological quantum phase transition in the magnetic semimetal HoSb
Creators: name: Zhang, Jian-Min
name: Tang, Fang
name: Ruan, Yurong
name: Chen, Y.
name: Zhang, Runwu
name: Guo, Wenti
name: Chen, Shuiyuan
name: Li, Jianping
name: Zhao, Weiyao
name: Zhou, W.
name: Zhang, Lei
name: Han, Zhida
name: Qian, Bin
name: Jiang, Xuefan
name: Huang, Zhigao
name: Qian, Dong
name: Fang, Yong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic topological semimetals, a novel state of quantum matter with nontrivial band topology, have emerged as a new frontier in physics and materials science. An external stimulus like temperature or magnetic field could be expected to alter their spin states and thus the Fermi surface anisotropies and topological features. Here, we perform the angular magnetoresistance measurements and electronic band structure calculations to reveal the evolution of HoSb's Fermi surface anisotropies and topological nature in different magnetic states. The angular magnetoresistance results manifest that its Fermi surface anisotropy is robust in the paramagnetic state but is significantly modulated in the antiferromagnetic and ferromagnetic states. More interestingly, a transition from the trivial (nontrivial) to nontrivial (trivial) topological electronic phase is observed when HoSb undergoes a magnetic transition from the paramagnetic (antiferromagnetic) to antiferromagnetic (ferromagnetic) state induced by temperature (applied magnetic field). Our studying suggests that HoSb provides an archetype platform to study the correlations between magnetism and topological states of matter.
description: 27 pages, 9 figures.Accepted paper
Les images de l'eau chez Baudelaire
Creators: name: Steele, Elizabeth Jane
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This study examines the correlation between water imagery and the expression of Spleen and the Ideal, the two poles of the psychological struggle fundamental to Baudelaire's identity. We have determined that the poet's major published works contain three principal categories of water imagery: waterbodies; weather's elements; other liquids associated with Man, namely tears, blood and wine. Usually feminine in nature, the water in each of these groups is characterized by a Spleen/Ideal bipolarity, the extension of Baudelaire's psychological being. Aquatic manifestations of the Ideal inspire spiritual escapes from the horror of Spleen as the poet dreamily contemplates the Ideal realm. Such escapes are only brief, however, as the preponderance of spleenetic water imagery reveals. Water associated with the Ideal is a life giving force, whereas water associated with Spleen can only be a force of death. Its diverse forms and moods or characters make water a rich source of poetic images well suited to mirroring Baudelaire's continuous anguished struggle between Spleen and the Ideal.
Magnetization signature of topological surface states in a non-symmorphic superconductor
Creators: name: Kuang, Wenjun
name: Lopez-Polin, Guillermo
name: Lee, Hyungjun
name: Guinea, Francisco
name: Whitehead, George
name: Timokhin, Ivan
name: Berdyugin, Alexey I.
name: Kumar, Roshan Krishna
name: Yazyev, Oleg
name: Walet, Niels
name: Principi, Alessandro
name: Geim, Andre K.
name: Grigorieva, Irina V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Superconductors with nontrivial band structure topology represent a class of materials with unconventional and potentially useful properties. Recent years have seen much success in creating artificial hybrid structures exhibiting main characteristics of two-dimensional (2D) topological superconductors. Yet, bulk materials known to combine inherent superconductivity with nontrivial topology remain scarce, largely because distinguishing their central characteristic -- topological surface states -- proved challenging due to a dominant contribution from the superconducting bulk. Reported here is a highly anomalous behaviour of surface superconductivity in topologically nontrivial 3D superconductor In2Bi where the surface states result from its nontrivial band structure, which itself is a consequence of the non-symmorphic crystal symmetry and strong spin-orbit coupling. In contrast to smoothly decreasing diamagnetic susceptibility above the bulk critical field Hc2, associated with surface superconductivity in conventional superconductors, we observe near-perfect, Meissner-like screening of low-frequency magnetic fields well above Hc2. The enhanced diamagnetism disappears at a new phase transition close to the critical field of surface superconductivity Hc3. Using theoretical modelling, we show that the anomalous screening is consistent with modification of surface superconductivity due to the presence of topological surface states. The demonstrated possibility to detect signatures of the surface states using macroscopic magnetization measurements provides an important new tool for discovery and identification of topological superconductors.
description: 30 pages, 4 main figures, 11 supporting figures
Biomarker Categorization in Transcriptome Meta-analysis by Statistical significance, Biological Significance and Concordance
Creators: name: Ye, Zhenyao
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biostatistics
subject: Biological significance
subject: Concordance
subject: Multi-omics data integration
subject: Statistical significance
subject: TCGA Pan-Gynecologic study

description: With the advancement of high-throughput technology, transcriptomic studies have been accumulated in the public domain. Meta-analysis combines multiple studies on a related hypothesis and improves the statistical power and reproducibility of single studies. However, a majority of existing meta-analysis methods only consider the statistical significance. We propose a novel method to categorize biomarkers by simultaneously considering statistical significance, biological significance (large effect size), and concordance patterns across studies, accounting for the complex study heterogeneity that exists in most meta-analysis problems. We conducted simulation studies and applied our method to Gynecologic and breast cancer RNA-seq data from The Cancer Genome Atlas to show its strength as compared to adaptively-weighted Fisher’s method. We found several major biomarker categories according to their cross-study patterns, and these categories are enriched in very different sets of pathways, offering different biological functions for future precision medicine.
Latest results from the PHOBOS experiment
Creators: name: Wosiek, Barbara
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Over the past years PHOBOS has continued to analyze the large datasets obtained from the first five runs of the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) at Brookhaven National Laboratory. The two main analysis streams have been pursued. The first one aims to obtain a broad and systematic survey of global properties of particle production in heavy ion collisions. The second class includes the study of fluctuations and correlations in particle production. Both type of studies have been performed for a variety of the collision systems, covering a wide range in collision energy and centrality. The uniquely large angular coverage of the PHOBOS detector and its ability to measure charged particles down to very low transverse momentum is exploited. The latest physics results from PHOBOS, as presented at Quark Matter 2008 Conference, are contained in this report.
description: 9 pages, 9 figures, presented at the 20th International Conference on Ultra-Relativistic Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions, "Quark Matter 2008", Jaipur, India, Feb.4-10, 2008
Dopant Specifications for p-Type UMG Silicon: Mono-c  vs Multi-c
Creators: name: Degoulange, J.
name: Enjalbert, N.
name: Cocco, F.
name: Kraiem, J.
name: Grosset-Bourbange, D.
name: Dubois, S.
name: Drevet, B.
name: Einhaus, R.
name: Delannoy, Y.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Feedstock, Crystallisation and Wafering

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1002-1005
description: This work demonstrates the potential for high efficiency solar cells on wafers from 100% PHOTOSIL
silicon. Multicrystalline and CZ p-type solar cells have been investigated using the same feedstock quality with actual
dopant concentrations : B=0.3 ppmw and P=0.8 ppmw. Multicrystalline Photosil solar cells have the same efficiency
like standard Multicrystalline solar cells. PHOTOSIL feedstock is directly usable to pull CZ ingot. The interest for a
highly compensated p-type UMG silicon ingot has been revealed in regards to the cell efficiency distribution along
the ingot height. High efficiency solar cells have been obtained on CZ wafers with an 18.0% maximum efficiency,
but the LID was too high due to a higher oxygen concentration in CZ. The impurities responsible for LID need to be
reduced. For CZ ingots we suggest a Boron concentration below 0.2 ppmw in the feedstock. These results
demonstrated that feedstock specification need to be adjust according to the final product (CZ or multi-c).
The Kinetic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Effect Due to the Electrons of Our Galaxy
Creators: name: Hajian, Amir
name: Hernandez-Monteagudo, Carlos
name: Jimenez, Raul
name: Spergel, David
name: Verde, Licia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the effect of local electrons on the CMB temperature anisotropies. The number density and distribution of free electrons in our Galaxy has been accurately measured from pulsar dispersion measurements. Because of their distribution, the dynamics of our Galaxy and the Galaxy peculiar velocity with respect to the Hubble flow, these free electrons leave a frequency-independent imprint on the cosmic microwave background (CMB). In particular, the coherent motion of the free electrons respect to us and to the CMB rest frame produce a kinetic Sunyaev-Zeldovich signal. We compute this effect and we note that the large-scale antisymmetry of the signal gives it an angular power spectrum with a sawtooth pattern where even multipoles are suppressed with respect to the odd ones. We find the signal to be small (~ 2 uK) and sub-dominant compared to the primary CMB and other foreground signals. However, since there are no free parameters in the modeling of this signal, it can be taken into account if more precise measurements of the primordial signal are required.
description: 4 pages, 6 figures
Coverage based testing for V&V and Safety Assurance of Self-driving Autonomous Vehicles: A Systematic Literature Review
Creators: name: Tahir, Zaid
name: Alexander, Rob
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Self-driving Autonomous Vehicles (SAVs) are gaining more interest each passing day by the industry as well as the general public. Tech and automobile companies are investing huge amounts of capital in research and development of SAVs to make sure they have a head start in the SAV market in the future. One of the major hurdles in the way of SAVs making it to the public roads is the lack of confidence of public in the safety aspect of SAVs. In order to assure safety and provide confidence to the public in the safety of SAVs, researchers around the world have used coverage-based testing for Verification and Validation (V&V) and safety assurance of SAVs. The objective of this paper is to investigate the coverage criteria proposed and coverage maximizing techniques used by researchers in the last decade up till now, to assure safety of SAVs. We conduct a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) for this investigation in our paper. We present a classification of existing research based on the coverage criteria used. Several research gaps and research directions are also provided in this SLR to enable further research in this domain. This paper provides a body of knowledge in the domain of safety assurance of SAVs. We believe the results of this SLR will be helpful in the progression of V&V and safety assurance of SAVs.
Role of disorder in the size-scaling of material strength
Creators: name: Alava, Mikko J.
name: Nukala, Phani K. V. V.
name: Zapperi, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the sample size dependence of the strength of disordered materials with a flaw, by numerical simulations of lattice models for fracture. We find a crossover between a regime controlled by the fluctuations due to disorder and another controlled by stress-concentrations, ruled by continuum fracture mechanics. The results are formulated in terms of a scaling law involving a statistical fracture process zone. Its existence and scaling properties are only revealed by sampling over many configurations of the disorder. The scaling law is in good agreement with experimental results obtained from notched paper samples.
description: 4 pages 5 figures
UV fs-Laser System Pre-Evaluation for Passivation Layer Ablation
Creators: name: Theobald, J.
name: Harney, R.
name: Bachmann, H.
name: Mayerhofer, R.
name: Bopp, B.
name: Schneider, A.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1708-1713
description: In this work the laser ablation process on silicon nitride (SiNX) and silicon oxide (SiO2 / SiNX) layers
using ultra-short pulses from 250 femtoseconds (fs) up to 4 picoseconds (ps) for infrared (IR), visible (VIS) and ultraviolet
(UV) wavelength was investigated. Studies on re-passivation behavior of ablated areas with SiNX and screen
printed aluminum (Al), lifetime reduction due to laser damage and laser spot size have been carried out. An
unexpected non linear trend for spot sizes in the D² versus ln (EP) plot for fs-pulses in the VIS and UV wavelength
was observed just like a trend reversal in the statistical models comparing laser damage for fs-pulses between VIS
and UV wavelength. A residual was observed in the ablation spot center which occurs only for UV wavelength in
combination with very short pulses where the formation can be observed only on single SiNX but not on SiO2 / SiNX
layers. Furthermore a difference in the re-passivation behavior with Al and SiNX is demonstrated and laser opened
PERC solar cells without any damage etch have been processed showing results comparable to an etching paste
opened reference group.
Comparison between Low Tin Content and Standard (10 %) ITO as a Transparent Electrode in Hetero-Junction Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells
Creators: name: Lippens, P.
name: Chiu, D.
name: Szepesi, C.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2079-2082
description: ITO is the front transparent conductive oxide (TCO) of choice for hetero-junction a-Si:H/c-Si solar cells because of its excellent combination of high electrical conductivity, good transparency in the visible part of the solar spectrum, and high work function. Unfortunately, the industrially established, DC magnetron sputtered, standard ITO grade, produced using a target with 10wt% SnO2, has certain drawbacks. Its low resistivity is mainly due to a relatively high free charge carrier concentration (FCC), up to 1.2E+21 cm-3. Consequently, it displays an increased absorption of photons at a wavelength above 900 nm due to free electrons. Additionally, because of the associated decrease in refractive index, a higher fraction of the incident light is reflected away from the silicon wafer.
This results in significant optical losses in the NIR portion of the spectrum. Several publications exist which explore
hydrogenated indium oxide (In2O3:H), a thin film with a much lower FCC and a very high carrier mobility (up to a factor of 2.5 higher), as an alternative for standard ITO. Pure In2O3 ceramic targets are rather brittle, however, hence more difficult to manufacture. Currently this composition is only available in a planar format so the cost effective mass production of In2O3:H thin films becomes questionable. This work explores the potential of ITO with lower Sn doping content (3 wt% of SnO2 in the ceramic target) as an alternative to the standard ITO (90/10). This material can still be produced as rotary targets which enables deposition of equivalent thickness coatings at a much lower cost. The main focus of this paper is a comparison of the electro-optical properties of thin films prepared by DC magnetron sputtering with sintered ceramic ITO rotary targets having various SnO2 concentrations.
Magnetic structures and electronic properties of cubic-pyrochlore ruthenates from first principles
Creators: name: Huebsch, Marie-Therese
name: Nomura, Yuske
name: Sakai, Shiro
name: Arita, Ryotaro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The magnetic ground states of $R_2$Ru$_2$O$_7$ and $A_2$Ru$_2$O$_7$ with $R=$ Pr, Gd, Ho, and Er, as well as $A=$ Ca, Cd are predicted devising a combination of the cluster-multipole (CMP) theory and spin-density-functional theory (SDFT). The strong electronic correlation effects are estimated by the constrained-random-phase approximation (cRPA) and taken into account within the dynamical-mean-field theory (DMFT). The target compounds feature $d$-orbital magnetism on Ru$^{4+}$ and Ru$^{5+}$ ions for $R$ and $A$, respectively, as well as $f$-orbital magnetism on the $R$ site, which leads to an intriguing interplay of magnetic interactions in a strongly correlated system. We find CMP+SDFT is capable of describing the magnetic ground states in these compounds. The cRPA captures a difference in the screening strength between $R_2$Ru$_2$O$_7$ and $A_2$Ru$_2$O$_7$ compounds, which leads to a qualitative and quantitative understanding of the electronic properties within DMFT.
description: 15 pages, 5 figures, 5 tables
Structural Properties of Ultra-Compact Dwarf Galaxies in the Fornax and Virgo Clusters
Creators: name: Evstigneeva, E. A.
name: Drinkwater, M. J.
name: Peng, C. Y.
name: Hilker, M.
name: De Propris, R.
name: Jones, J. B.
name: Phillipps, S.
name: Gregg, M. D.
name: Karick, A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a detailed analysis of two-band HST/ACS imaging of 21 ultra-compact dwarf (UCD) galaxies in the Virgo and Fornax Clusters. The aim of this work is to test two formation hypotheses for UCDs--whether they are bright globular clusters (GCs) or "threshed'' early-type dwarf galaxies--by comparison of UCD structural parameters and colors with GCs and galaxy nuclei. We find that the UCD surface brightness profiles can be described by a range of models and that the luminous UCDs can not be described by standard King models with tidal cutoffs as they have extended outer halos. This is not expected from traditional King models of GCs, but is consistent with recent results for massive GCs. The total luminosities, colors and sizes of the UCDs are consistent with them being either luminous GCs or threshed nuclei of both early-type and late-type galaxies (not just early-type dwarfs). For the most luminous UCDs we estimate color gradients over a limited range of radius. These are systematically positive in the sense of getting redder outwards: mean Delta(F606W-F814W)=0.14 mag per 100 pc with rms=0.06 mag per 100 pc. The positive gradients found in the bright UCDs are consistent with them being either bright GCs or threshed early-type dwarf galaxies (except VUCD3). In contrast to the above results we find a very significant difference in the sizes of UCDs and early-type galaxy nuclei: the effective radii of UCDs are 2.2 times larger than those of early-type galaxy nuclei at the same luminosity. This result suggests an important test can be made of the threshing hypothesis by simulating the process and predicting what size increase is expected.
description: 29 pages, 16 figures, accepted for publication in The Astronomical Journal
Sampling Based Motion PLanning for Minimizing Position Uncertainty with Stewart Platforms
Creators: name: Ernandis, Ryan
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Robotics
subject: Error
subject: Motion Planning
subject: RRT
subject: Sampling Based
subject: Stewart Platform
subject: Uncertainty

description: The work described in this dissertation provides a unique approach to error based motion planning. Originally designed specifically for use on a parallel robot,these methods can be extended to a more general case of any well-defined robotic platforms. Requirements for application of these methods are a known method of kinematics for defining the system as well as a means of calculating noise based on the system. Two methods of error tracking and two motion planning algorithms are tested here as approaches to this problem. Shown within are the results of the motion planning methods used. One combination of motion planning algorithm and error tracking works best as a general solution to this problem and is designed to work on a parallel robot; specifically, a Stewart platform. The motivation for use of a Stewart platform comes from research done at NASA Langley Research Center in the field of In-Space Assembly.
Certification and Qualification of PV Installers in Europe - Training and Certification Methodology
Creators: name: Tsoutsos, T.
name: Tournaki, S.
name: Gkouskos, Z.
name: Masson, G.
name: Holden, J.
name: Román Medina, E.
name: Huidobro Rubio, A.I.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: PV - a Major Electricity Source
PV Globalisation, Policies and Administrative Barriers

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 4712-4716
description: The European Union’s energy strategy sets specific targets for a sustainable growth during the coming
decades, including reaching a 20% share of renewables in final energy consumption till 2020. To achieve that, a
number of initiatives and measures have been in force. The favorable European policies as well as the Member
States’ supporting legislations have resulted to high market growth for photovoltaics (PVs). However, the PV
technologies’ application requires highly qualified technicians for PV installation, repair and maintenance. As
national markets have been growing faster than the qualified PV installers force can satisfy, the appropriate training
systems and certification schemes need to be developed in order to validate the competence of the installers and to
ensure efficient and good functioning of installed PV systems. This is the scope of the European initiative PVTRIN,
supported by the Intelligent Energy Europe programme of the European Commission, which focuses on the
development of an appropriate training and certification scheme for technicians active in the installation and
maintenance of small scale PV systems and sets the base for a mutual acknowledged certification scheme within
Member States.
VHE Gamma-Ray Observation of the Crab Nebula and its Pulsar with the MAGIC telescope
Creators: name: MAGIC Collaboration
name: Albert, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report about very high energy (VHE) gamma-ray observations of the Crab Nebula with the MAGIC telescope. The gamma-ray flux from the nebula was measured between 60 GeV and 9 TeV. The energy spectrum can be described with a curved power law dF/dE=f0 (E/300 GeV)^(a+b*log10(E/300 GeV)) with a flux normalization f0 of(6.0+-0.2)*10^-10 1/(cm^2 s TeV), a=-2.31+-0.06 and b=-0.26+-0.07. The position of the IC-peak is determined at (77+-47) GeV. Within the observation time and the experimental resolution of the telescope, the gamma-ray emission is steady and pointlike. The emission's center of gravity coincides with the position of the pulsar. Pulsed gamma-ray emission from the pulsar could not be detected. We constrain the cutoff energy of the spectrum to be less than 27 GeV, assuming that the differential energy spectrum has an exponential cutoff. For a super-exponential shape, the cutoff energy can be as high as 60 GeV.
description: Version published in ApJ, added corresponding author
Optimization of Al2O3 Films Obtained by ALD to Passivate p-Type c-Silicon Wafers
Creators: name: López, G.
name: Ortega, P.
name: Voz Sánchez, C.
name: Martín, I.
name: Colina Brito, M.
name: Orpella, A.
name: Alcubilla González, R.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1692-1695
description: Aluminum oxide (Al2O3) has emerged in recent years as a good candidate material to passivate both ptype
and n-type substrates. The excellent surface passivation achieved can be attributed to both chemical and fieldeffect
passivation provided by a large amount of fixed negative charge located at the c-Si/Al2O3 interface. The aim of
this work is to optimize the film thickness and post-deposition annealing conditions, time and temperature, in order to
get the best surface passivation.
Al2O3 films were deposited by thermal Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD) at 150, 200 and 250ºC. Double-side polished
4” FZ p-type (2.3 Ωcm ± 0.3) c-Si (100) wafers around 290 μm thick wafers were used in the study. We have
analyzed systematically the surface passivation properties of different Al2O3 layers with different thicknesses (50,
25, 14, 6,5 and 1.4 nm) post-annealed in forming gas (N2/H2) at temperatures ranging from 300 ºC to 435 ºC for
different annealing times (5, 10, 20 and 30 min).
An outstanding surface passivation, with an effective surface recombination velocity (Seff,max ) below 10 cm/s has
been achieved for an optimal post-deposition annealing temperature of 375 ºC for t= 20 min, with Al2O3 layers
thickness greater than 6.5 nm.
The roles of power and gender as determinants of affective responses to intimate conflict
Creators: name: Strachan, Catherine Elizabeth
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: There is a paucity of research studying variables which influence emotional reactions in response to conflict between intimates. The present study examined the roles of power and gender as determinants of affective response to audiotaped scenarios of intimate conflict. Sixty male and 60 female subjects were randomly assigned as either a group leader (high power condition) or group member (low power condition) for the performance of a group task. After receiving their group assignments, subjects completed an affect check list and then listened to an audiotape of a heated conflict between a man and a woman concerning sexual jealousy. Two tapes were presented to control for gender of initiator (i.e., who started the conflict) so that subjects heard either a male-initiated or a female-initiated conflict. After exposure to the conflict stimulus, subjects again completed an affect check list. It was hypothesized that subjects in the high power condition would report more anger than those in the low power condition. In addition, participants in the low power condition would report more anxiety than participants in the high power condition. Also, men were predicted to report more anger than women and women more anxiety than men. The highest anger ratings were found for participants in the low power condition listening to a person of the opposite gender initiate the conflict. This difference was significant for females, although a similar pattern for males was not. Furthermore, an interaction effect was found, with females who had listened to a female-initiated conflict in the high power condition reporting more anger than those in the low power condition, a response pattern that was in the opposite direction to the other three groups. A main effect was found for power, with participants in the low power condition reporting more anger than their high power counterparts. In addition, the results partially supported the hypothesis-regarding anxiety, with subjects in the low power condition reporting significantly more anxiety than those in the high power condition. These results, however, were limited to the male-initiated conflict. A significant gender difference was found for both the anger and anxiety ratings with women reporting more of both affect clusters than men. The results support the basic contention that power and gender are important determinants of affective responses to intimate conflict. The results are discussed in terms of the expectations and cognitions created by power and gender stereotypes and their influence on the process of labelling emotions within the context of intimate conflict.
Spin orbit interaction and zitterbewegung in symmetric wells
Creators: name: Bernardes, Esmerindo
name: Schliemann, John
name: Egues, J. Carlos
name: Loss, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, we have introduced a novel inter-subband-induced spin-orbit (s-o) coupling [Phys. Rev. Lett. 99, 076603 (2007); cond-mat/0607218] arising in \textit{symmetric} wells with at least two subbands. This new s-o coupling gives rise to an usual zitterbewegung -- i.e. the semiconductor analog to the relativistic trembling motion of electrons -- with cycloidal motion without magnetic fields. Here we complement these findings by explicitly deriving expressions for the corresponding zitterbewegung in spin space.
description: 4 pages; no figures (PASPS IV Proceeedings)
Enhanced Back-Surface Reflectance and Passivation Capping from the Application of Inexpensive Sray/Spin on Polymer Coatings on Thin ALD Al2O3 Layers
Creators: name: Thomson, A.
name: Bullock, J.
name: Kho, T.
name: Williams, P.
name: Karkkainen, A.
name: Kwek, L.
name: Cuevas, A.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1784-1787
description: The wavelength-dependent optical properties of inexpensive spray/spin on dielectric films are assessed.
These are produced by Optitune. Their ability to afford rear surface passivation is directly studied in an associated
publication in these proceedings. Here we examine their effectiveness as back surface reflectors, either deposited
directly on silicon or on a thin-ALD-Al2O3 film coated with aluminium. We show, compared to aluminium coated
silicon, these dielectric afford superior reflectance, through direct measurements and modelling. Reflectance
modelling was performed with OPAL using the measured n and k, and was in reasonable agreement with direct
measurement of reflectance data. Secondly, we include passivation capping results. We demonstrate that SRV of
141 cm/s can be obtained attained when 8 nm Al2O3 layer is capped with a polymer film after a rapid-thermal-anneal
simulation of co-firing, and less than 71 cm/s—roughly half that of the uncapped Al2O3 case—after passivation
reactivation.
ENGENDERED EXPERIENCES OF FREEDOM: LIBERATED AFRICAN WOMEN IN RIO DE JANEIRO, 1834-1864
Creators: name: Nadalini Mendes, Ana Paula
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Latin American history
subject: Brazil
subject: Domestic Service
subject: Liberated Africans
subject: Resistance
subject: Women

description: “Engendered Experiences of Freedom: Liberated African Women in Rio de Janeiro (1834-1864)” investigates how gender differences in daily lives of liberated African women in Brazil shaped the way they experienced freedom. This research argues that gendered-based differences influenced their experiences of freedom in its various contexts, including their relationship to labor, their struggles for emancipation, and their approach to legal system. Moreover, this thesis follows the lives of particular liberated African women through their process of petitioning for emancipation twenty years after they got to Brazil. Although the first half of the nineteenth century was marked by legal efforts to bar importation of slaves from Africa to Brazil, many slave ships entered Brazilian ports successfully. The Rio da Prata, however, was an exception. In November 1834, the British marine intercepted the vessel, that was halfway between Africa and South America. The Anglo-Brazilian Mixed Commission judged the case as a transgression of the Treaty of 1826, that forbade Brazil to participate in the slave trade, condemned the vessel to be a good-prize and liberated more than two hundred Africans. These Africans worked for private houses and public works in a probation system for at least 20 years when the decree 1303 of 1853 allowed them to access the legal system and request their final emancipation. This process lasted for ten years, when in 1864 the Brazilian government declared emancipated all liberated Africans This thesis intervenes in debates about bondage and resistance by considering liberated Africans women inside the context of slavery in Brazil. It argues that these women had a particular way of fighting for freedom, due, first, to their own capacity of resistance, second to their conditions of labor, and, third, to specificities of the Brazilian set of laws. From legal petitions of emancipation, police records, guardians’ declarations, and newspapers advertisements the chapters follow lives of liberated African women from the Rio da Prata to show how they experienced freedom.
Bias reduction in traceroute sampling: towards a more accurate map of the Internet
Creators: name: Flaxman, Abraham D.
name: Vera, Juan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Traceroute sampling is an important technique in exploring the internet router graph and the autonomous system graph. Although it is one of the primary techniques used in calculating statistics about the internet, it can introduce bias that corrupts these estimates. This paper reports on a theoretical and experimental investigation of a new technique to reduce the bias of traceroute sampling when estimating the degree distribution. We develop a new estimator for the degree of a node in a traceroute-sampled graph; validate the estimator theoretically in Erdos-Renyi graphs and, through computer experiments, for a wider range of graphs; and apply it to produce a new picture of the degree distribution of the autonomous system graph.
description: 12 pages, 3 figures
The Molonglo Galactic Plane Survey (MGPS-2): Compact Source Catalogue
Creators: name: Murphy, T.
name: Mauch, T.
name: Green, A.
name: Hunstead, R. W.
name: Piestrzynska, B.
name: Kels, A. P.
name: Sztajer, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first data release from the second epoch Molonglo Galactic Plane Survey (MGPS-2). MGPS-2 was carried out with the Molonglo Observatory Synthesis Telescope at a frequency of 843 MHz and with a restoring beam of 45 arcsec x 45 arcsec cosec(dec), making it the highest resolution large scale radio survey of the southern Galactic plane. It covers the range |b| < 10 deg and 245 deg < l < 365 deg and is the Galactic counterpart to the Sydney University Molonglo Sky Survey (SUMSS) which covers the whole southern sky with dec <= -30 deg (|b| > 10 deg). In this paper we present the MGPS-2 compact source catalogue. The catalogue has 48,850 sources above a limiting peak brightness of 10 mJy/beam. Positions in the catalogue are accurate to 1 arcsec - 2 arcsec. A full catalogue including extended sources is in preparation. We have carried out an analysis of the compact source density across the Galactic plane and find that the source density is not statistically higher than the density expected from the extragalactic source density alone. We also present version 2.0 of the SUMSS image data and catalogue which are now available online. The data consists of 629 4.3 deg x 4.3 deg mosaic images covering the 8100 deg^2 of sky with dec <= -30 deg and |b| > 10 deg. The catalogue contains 210,412 radio sources to a limiting peak brightness of 6 mJy/beam at dec <= -50 deg and 10 mJy/beam at dec > -50 deg. We describe the updates and improvements made to the SUMSS cataloguing process.
description: 12 pages, 9 figures, to be published in MNRAS Note that Figures 8 and 9 are much lower resolution than in the published version
Excited doubly heavy baryon production via $W^+$ boson decays
Creators: name: Zhang, Peng-Hui
name: Guo, Lei
name: Zheng, Xu-Chang
name: Ke, Qi-Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, decay widths of the doubly heavy baryons ($Ξ_{cc} ~\text{and} ~Ξ_{bc}$) production are theoritically calculated in the whole phase space through $W^+ \to Ξ_{cc}+ \bar{c}+\bar{s}$ and $W^+ \to Ξ_{bc}+ \bar{b}+\bar{s}$, within the framework of nonrelativistic QCD (NRQCD). Differential widths $dΓ/ds_{12}$, $dΓ/ds_{23}$, $dΓ/dcosθ_{12}$, and $dΓ/dcosθ_{13}$ are also given. In addition to the ordinary S wave contributions for the baryons, we specifically calculate P wave contributions as a comparison, namely the high excited states of the intermediate diquark, including $[^1P_1]$ and $[^3P_J]$ (with $J=0,1,2$) in both color anti-triplet state $\overline{\mathbf{3}}$ and color sextuplet state $\mathbf{6}$. It shows that the contribution from P wave is about one order lower than S wave. According to the results, we can expect plentiful events produced at the LHC, i.e., $3.69\times10^5$ $Ξ_{cc}$ events and $4.91\times10^4$ $Ξ_{bc}$ events per year.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures
Population extinction in a time-modulated environment
Creators: name: Assaf, Michael
name: Kamenev, Alex
name: Meerson, Baruch
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The extinction time of an isolated population can be exponentially reduced by a periodic modulation of its environment. We investigate this effect using, as an example, a stochastic branching-annihilation process with a time-dependent branching rate. The population extinction is treated in eikonal approximation, where it is described as an instanton trajectory of a proper reaction Hamiltonian. The modulation of the environment perturbs this trajectory and synchronizes it with the modulation phase. We calculate the corresponding change in the action along the instanton using perturbation techniques supported by numerical calculations. The techniques include a first-order theory with respect to the modulation amplitude, a second-order theory in the spirit of the Kapitsa pendulum effect, and adiabatic theory valid for low modulation frequencies.
description: 13 pages, 10 figures