cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Topological models to infer multiphase interstellar medium properties
Creators: name: Lebouteiller, Vianney
name: Ramambason, Lise
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: (abridged) Spectroscopic observations of high-redshift galaxies slowly reveal the same complexity of the interstellar medium (ISM) as expected from resolved observations in nearby galaxies. While providing a wealth of diagnostics, such high-z spectra are often unresolved, and inferring reliable diagnostics represents a major obstacle. Bright, nearby, unresolved galaxies provide many constraints to design methods to infer ISM properties, but they have so far been limited to deterministic methods and/or with simple topological assumptions. Multicomponent ISM models associate a complex enough distribution of matter and phases with a simple enough topological description to be constrained with probabilistic frameworks. Our goal is to provide a flexible statistical framework that is agnostic to the model grid and that considers either a few discrete components defined by their parameter values and/or statistical distributions of parameters. In this study we present a the MULTIGRIS framework and use it to model a suite of spectral lines in the star-forming regions of the metal-poor dwarf galaxy IZw18. We are able to calculate accurate values for the metallicity, number of ionizing photons, masses of ionized and neutral hydrogen, as well as the dust mass and the dust-to-gas mass ratio. We find a relatively modest amount of H$_2$ which is predominantly CO-dark and traced by C$^+$ rather than C$^0$. Nevertheless, more than $90$% of the [CII] emission is associated with the neutral atomic gas. Our models confirm the necessity to consider an X-ray source. Finally, we investigate the escape fraction of ionizing photons for different energy ranges. While the escape fraction for the main HII region lies around $50-65$%, we show that most of the soft X-ray photons are able to escape and may play a role in the ionization and heating of the circumgalactic or intergalactic medium.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A
Entropic destruction of heavy quarkonium in a rotating hot and dense medium from holography
Creators: name: Wu, Ping-ping
name: Zhang, Zi-qiang
name: Zhu, Xiangrong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Previous studies have indicated that the peak of the quarkonium entropy at the deconfinement transition can be related to the entropic force which would induce the dissociation of heavy quarkonium. In this paper, we study the entropic force in a rotating hot and dense medium using AdS/CFT correspondence. It turns out that the inclusion of angular velocity increases the entropic force thus enhancing quarkonium dissociation, while chemical potential has the same effect. Furthermore, the results imply that the quarkonium dissociates easier in rotating medium compared to static case.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures, to be published in Chinese Physics C
Testing earthquake predictions
Creators: name: Luen, Brad
name: Stark, Philip B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 62-06, 62G10, 62P12, 62P35, 62P99, 86-06, 86A15, 86A17 (Primary)

description: Statistical tests of earthquake predictions require a null hypothesis to model occasional chance successes. To define and quantify `chance success' is knotty. Some null hypotheses ascribe chance to the Earth: Seismicity is modeled as random. The null distribution of the number of successful predictions -- or any other test statistic -- is taken to be its distribution when the fixed set of predictions is applied to random seismicity. Such tests tacitly assume that the predictions do not depend on the observed seismicity. Conditioning on the predictions in this way sets a low hurdle for statistical significance. Consider this scheme: When an earthquake of magnitude 5.5 or greater occurs anywhere in the world, predict that an earthquake at least as large will occur within 21 days and within an epicentral distance of 50 km. We apply this rule to the Harvard centroid-moment-tensor (CMT) catalog for 2000--2004 to generate a set of predictions. The null hypothesis is that earthquake times are exchangeable conditional on their magnitudes and locations and on the predictions--a common ``nonparametric'' assumption in the literature. We generate random seismicity by permuting the times of events in the CMT catalog. We consider an event successfully predicted only if (i) it is predicted and (ii) there is no larger event within 50 km in the previous 21 days. The $P$-value for the observed success rate is $<0.001$: The method successfully predicts about 5% of earthquakes, far better than `chance,' because the predictor exploits the clustering of earthquakes -- occasional foreshocks -- which the null hypothesis lacks. Rather than condition on the predictions and use a stochastic model for seismicity, it is preferable to treat the observed seismicity as fixed, and to compare the success rate of the predictions to the success rate of simple-minded predictions like those just described. If the proffered predictions do no better than a simple scheme, they have little value.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/193940307000000509 the IMS Collections (http://www.imstat.org/publications/imscollections.htm) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Inferring the HII region escape fraction of ionizing photons from infrared emission lines in metal-poor star-forming dwarf galaxies
Creators: name: Ramambason, L.
name: Lebouteiller, V.
name: Bik, A.
name: Richardson, C. T.
name: Galliano, F.
name: Schaerer, D.
name: Morisset, C.
name: Polles, F. L.
name: Madden, S. C.
name: Chevance, M.
name: De Looze, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: (abridged) Quantifying the ISM porosity to ionizing photons in nearby galaxies may improve our understanding of the mechanisms leading to Lyman Continuum photons leakage from galaxies. Primitive galaxies with low metal and dust content have been shown to host a more patchy and porous ISM than their high-metallicity counterparts. To what extent this peculiar structure contributes to the leakage of ionizing photons remains to be quantitatively studied. To address these questions we build a refined grid of models including density-bounded regions and a possible contribution of an X-ray source. Using MULTIGRIS, a new Bayesian code based on Monte Carlo sampling, we combine the models as sectors under various assumptions to extract the probability density distributions of the parameters and infer the corresponding escape fractions from H II regions (fesc,HII). We apply this new code to a sample of 39 well-know local starbursting dwarf galaxies from the Dwarf Galaxy Survey. We confirm previous results hinting at an increased porosity to ionizing photons of the ISM in low-metallicity galaxies and provide, for the first time, quantitative predictions for fesc,HII. The predicted fesc,HII for low-metallicity objects span a large range of values, up to 60%, while the values derived for more metal-rich galaxies are globally lower. We also examine the influence of other parameters on the escape fractions, and find that the specific star-formation rate correlates best with fesc,HII . Finally, we provide observational line ratios which could be used as tracers of the photons escaping from density-bounded regions. Although this multi-sector modelling remains too simple to fully capture the ISM complexity, it can be used to preselect galaxy samples with potential leakage of ionizing photons based on current and up-coming spectral data in unresolved surveys of local and high-redshift galaxies.
description: 39 pages, 24 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
A pilot study using deep infrared imaging to constrain the star formation history of the XUV stellar populations in NGC 4625
Creators: name: Bush, Stephanie J.
name: Kennicutt, Robert C.
name: Ashby, M. L. N.
name: Johnson, Benjamin D.
name: Bresolin, Fabio
name: Fazio, Giovanni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a LCDM universe, disk galaxies' outer regions are the last to form. Characterizing their contents is critical for understanding the ongoing process of disk formation, but observing outer disk stellar populations is challenging due to their low surface brightness. We present extremely deep 3.6 micron observations (Spitzer IRAC) of NGC 4625, a galaxy known for its radially extended ultraviolet emitting stellar population. We combine the new imaging with archival UV imaging from the GALEX mission to derive multiwavelength radial profiles for NGC 4625 and compare them to stellar populations models. The colors can be explained by the young stellar population that is responsible for the UV emission and indicate that the current star formation rates in the outermost disk are recent. Extended star formation in NGC 4625 may have been initiated by an interaction with neighboring galaxies NGC 4618 and NGC 4625a, supporting speculation that minor interactions are a common trigger for outer disk star formation and late stage disk growth.
description: 11 pages, 10 figures
The Early Solar System - Chapter 6
Creators: name: Busso, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This chapter presents a (partial) review of the information we can derive on the early history of the Solar System from radioactive nuclei of very different half-life, which were recognized to have been present alive in pristine solids. In fact, radioactivities open for us a unique window on the evolution of the solar nebula and provide tools for understanding the crucial events that determined and accompanied the formation of the Sun. Discussing these topics will require consideration of (at least) the following issues. i) The determination of an age for solar system bodies, as it emerged especially from the application of radioactive dating. ii) A synthetic account of the measurements that proved the presence of radioactive nuclei (especially those of half-life lower than about 100 Myr) in the Early Solar System (hereafter ESS). iii) An explanation of their existence in terms of galactic nucleosynthesis, and/or of local processes (either exotic or in-situ) preceding and accompanying the formation of the Sun. This will also need some reference to the present scenarios for star formation, as applied to the ESS.
description: Invited chapter in Lecture Notes in Physics 812, Astronomy with Radioactivities Ed. R. Diehl, D.H. Hartmann and N. Prantzos, Springer 2010
Kicks in charged black hole binaries
Creators: name: Luna, Raimon
name: Bozzola, Gabriele
name: Cardoso, Vitor
name: Paschalidis, Vasileios
name: Zilhão, Miguel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the emission of linear momentum (kicks) by both gravitational and electromagnetic radiation in fully general-relativistic numerical evolutions of quasi-circular charged black hole binaries. We derive analytical expressions for slowly moving bodies and explore numerically a variety of mass ratios and charge-to-mass ratios. We find that for the equal mass case our analytical expression is in excellent agreement with the observed values and, contrarily to what happens in the vacuum case, we find that in presence of electromagnetic fields there is emission of momentum by gravitational waves. We also find that the strong gravitational kicks of binaries with unequal masses affect the electromagnetic kicks, causing them to strongly deviate from Keplerian predictions. For the values of charge-to-mass ratio considered in this work, we observe that magnitudes of the electromagnetic kicks are always smaller than the gravitational ones.
description: 12 pages, 10 figures. v2: Matches published version
Self-normalizing phase measurement in multimode terahertz spectroscopy based on photomixing of three lasers
Creators: name: Thirunavukkuarasu, K.
name: Langenbach, M.
name: Roggenbuck, A.
name: Vidal, E.
name: Schmitz, H.
name: Hemberger, J.
name: Grüninger, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Photomixing of two near-infrared lasers is well established for continuous-wave terahertz spectroscopy. Photomixing of three lasers allows us to measure at three terahertz frequencies simultaneously. Similar to Fourier spectroscopy, the spectral information is contained in an nterferogram, which is equivalent to the waveform in time-domain spectroscopy. We use one fixed terahertz frequency ν_ref to monitor temporal drifts of the setup, i.e., of the optical path-length difference. The other two frequencies are scanned for broadband high-resolution spectroscopy. The frequency dependence of the phase is obtained with high accuracy by normalizing it to the data obtained at ν_ref, which eliminates drifts of the optical path-length difference. We achieve an accuracy of about 1-2 microns or 10^{-8} of the optical path length. This method is particularly suitable for applications in nonideal environmental conditions outside of an air-conditioned laboratory.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
Electroweak non-resonant corrections to top pair production close to threshold
Creators: name: Beneke, M.
name: Jantzen, B.
name: Ruiz-Femenia, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The production of W+ W- b bbar from e+ e- collisions at energies close to the t tbar threshold is dominated by the resonant process with a nearly on-shell t tbar intermediate state. The W b pairs in the final state can also be reached through the decay of off-shell tops or through background processes containing no or only single top quarks. This non-resonant production starts to contribute at NLO to the W+ W- b bbar total cross section in the non-relativistic power-counting v ~ alpha_s ~ sqrt(alpha_EW). The NLO non-resonant corrections presented in this talk represent the non-trivial NLO electroweak corrections to the e+ e- -> W+ W- b bbar cross section in the top anti-top resonance region. In contrast to the QCD corrections which have been calculated (almost) up to NNNLO, the parametrically larger NLO electroweak contributions have not been completely known so far, but are mandatory for the required accuracy at a future linear collider. We consider the total cross section of the e+ e- -> W+ W- b bbar process and additionally implement cuts on the invariant masses of the W+ b and W- bbar pairs.
description: Talk presented at the 35th International Conference of High Energy Physics - ICHEP2010, July 22-28, 2010, Paris France. 4 pages, 2 figures
The NEWS-G detector at SNOLAB
Creators: name: Balogh, L.
name: Beaufort, C.
name: Brossard, A.
name: Caron, J. F.
name: Chapellier, M.
name: Coquillat, J. M.
name: Corcoran, E. C.
name: Crawford, S.
name: Dastgheibi-Fard, A.
name: Deng, Y.
name: Dering, K.
name: Durnford, D.
name: Garrah, C.
name: Gerbier, G.
name: Giomataris, I.
name: Giroux, G.
name: Gorel, P.
name: Gros, M.
name: Gros, P.
name: Guillaudin, O.
name: Hoppe, E. W.
name: Katsioulas, I.
name: Kelly, F.
name: Knights, P.
name: Kwon, L.
name: Langrock, S.
name: Lautridou, P.
name: Martin, R. D.
name: Mols, J. P.
name: Muraz, J. F.
name: Nikolopoulos, K.
name: O'Brien, P.
name: Piro, M. C.
name: Rowe, N.
name: Santos, D.
name: Samuleev, P.
name: Savvidis, G.
name: Savvidis, I.
name: Fernandez, F. Vazquez deSola
name: Vidal, M.
name: Zampaolo, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The New Experiments With Spheres-Gas (NEWS-G) collaboration intends to achieve $\mathrm{sub-GeV/c^{2}}$ Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs) detection using Spherical Proportional Counters (SPCs). SPCs are gaseous detectors relying on ionization with a single ionization electron energy threshold. The latest generation of SPC for direct dark matter searches has been installed at SNOLAB in Canada in 2021. This article details the different processes involved in the fabrication of the NEWS-G experiment. Also outlined in this paper are the mitigation strategies, measurements of radioactivity of the different components, and estimations of induced background event rates that were used to quantify and address detector backgrounds.
description: 18 pages, 9 figures, 5 tables, to be published
Clinical Significance of Treatment Effects with Aripiprazole versus Placebo in a Study of Manic or Mixed Episodes Associated with Pediatric Bipolar I Disorder
Creators: name: Youngstrom, Eric
name: Forbes, Robert A.
name: Carson, William
name: Zhao, Joan
name: Marcus, Ronald M.
name: McQuade, Robert
name: Findling, Robert L.
name: Mankoski, Raymond
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Published studies in adult and pediatric bipolar disorder have used different definitions of treatment response. This analysis aimed to compare different definitions of response in a large sample of children and adolescents.
Fabrication of Periodic, Flexible and Porous Silicon Microwire Arrays with Controlled Diameter and Spacing: Effects on Optical properties
Creators: name: Saini, Anjali
name: Abdelhameed, Mohammed
name: Rani, Divya
name: Jevasuwan, Wipakorn
name: Fukata, Naoki
name: Kumari, Premshila
name: Srivastava, Sanjay K.
name: Pathi, Prathap
name: Samanta, Arup
name: Dutta, Mrinal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new method of introducing nanopores with spongy morphology during fabrication of size and pitch controlled flexible silicon microwires (SiMWs) in wafer scale is presented using nanosphere lithography technique in addition to metal catalyzed electroless etching technique by varying concentration of oxidant and introducing surfactant or co-solvents to the etching solution. For achieving self-assembled monolayer closed-pack pattern of SiO2 microparticles in wafer-scale simple spin coating process was used. The effect of variation of the etchant, oxidant and surfactant on the morphology and optical properties of SiMWs were studied. By simply controlling the diameter of SiO2 microparticles and concentration of H2O2 the size of the MWs as well as the introduction of pores could be controlled in wafer-scale. Average reflectance suppressed to below 8% in the broad spectral range of 400-800 nm for these porous, spongy and flexible SiMW arrays in wafer scale. The mechanism behind this formation of spongy, porous and flexible nature of the SiMWs is also demonstrated for a better understanding of the etching process.
description: 22 pages 10 Figures
Radioactivities in Low- and Intermediate-Mass Stars
Creators: name: Lugaro, Maria
name: Chieffi, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Energy in stars is provided by nuclear reactions, which, in many cases, produce radioactive nuclei. When stable nuclei are irradiated by a flux of protons or neutrons, capture reactions push stable matter out of stability into the regime of unstable species. The ongoing production of radioactive nuclei in the deep interior of the Sun via proton-capture reactions is recorded by neutrinos emitted during radioactive decay and detected on Earth. Radioactive nuclei that have relatively long half lives may also be detected in stars via spectroscopic observations and in stardust recovered from primitive meteorites via laboratory analysis. The vast majority of these stardust grains originated from Asymptotic Giant Branch (AGB) stars. This is the final phase in the evolution of stars initially less massive than ~10 solar masses, during which nuclear energy is produced by alternate hydrogen and helium burning in shells above the core. The long-lived radioactive nucleus 26Al is produced in massive AGB stars (>4:5 solar masses), where the base of the convective envelope reaches high temperatures. Several other long-lived radioactive nuclei, including 60Fe, 87Rb, and 99Tc, are produced in AGB stars when matter is exposed to a significant neutron flux leading to the synthesis of elements heavier than iron. Here, neutron captures occur on a timescale that is typically slower than beta-decay timescales, resulting slow neutron captures (the s-process). However, when radioactive nuclei with half lives greater than a few days are produced they may either decay or capture a neutron, thus branching up the path of neutron captures and defining the final s-process abundance distribution. This nucleosynthesis in AGB stars could produce some long-living radioactive nuclei in relative abundances that resemble those observed in the early solar system.
description: 82 pages
Context-Driven Detection of Invertebrate Species in Deep-Sea Video
Creators: name: McEver, R. Austin
name: Zhang, Bowen
name: Levenson, Connor
name: Iftekhar, A S M
name: Manjunath, B. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Each year, underwater remotely operated vehicles (ROVs) collect thousands of hours of video of unexplored ocean habitats revealing a plethora of information regarding biodiversity on Earth. However, fully utilizing this information remains a challenge as proper annotations and analysis require trained scientists time, which is both limited and costly. To this end, we present a Dataset for Underwater Substrate and Invertebrate Analysis (DUSIA), a benchmark suite and growing large-scale dataset to train, validate, and test methods for temporally localizing four underwater substrates as well as temporally and spatially localizing 59 underwater invertebrate species. DUSIA currently includes over ten hours of footage across 25 videos captured in 1080p at 30 fps by an ROV following pre planned transects across the ocean floor near the Channel Islands of California. Each video includes annotations indicating the start and end times of substrates across the video in addition to counts of species of interest. Some frames are annotated with precise bounding box locations for invertebrate species of interest, as seen in Figure 1. To our knowledge, DUSIA is the first dataset of its kind for deep sea exploration, with video from a moving camera, that includes substrate annotations and invertebrate species that are present at significant depths where sunlight does not penetrate. Additionally, we present the novel context-driven object detector (CDD) where we use explicit substrate classification to influence an object detection network to simultaneously predict a substrate and species class influenced by that substrate. We also present a method for improving training on partially annotated bounding box frames. Finally, we offer a baseline method for automating the counting of invertebrate species of interest.
Content adaptive sparse illumination for Fourier ptychography
Creators: name: Bian, Liheng
name: Suo, Jinli
name: Situ, Guohai
name: Zheng, Guoan
name: Chen, Feng
name: Dai, Qionghai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fourier Ptychography (FP) is a recently proposed technique for large field of view and high resolution imaging. Specifically, FP captures a set of low resolution images under angularly varying illuminations and stitches them together in Fourier domain. One of FP's main disadvantages is its long capturing process due to the requisite large number of incident illumination angles. In this letter, utilizing the sparsity of natural images in Fourier domain, we propose a highly efficient method termed as AFP, which applies content adaptive sparse illumination for Fourier ptychography by capturing the most informative parts of the scene's spatial spectrum. We validate the effectiveness and efficiency of the reported framework with both simulations and real experiments. Results show that the proposed AFP could shorten the acquisition time of conventional FP by around 30%-60%.
S parameter and parity doubling below the conformal window
Creators: name: Schaich, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently the Lattice Strong Dynamics Collaboration reported a reduction of the electroweak S parameter for SU(3) gauge theory with Nf=6 fermions in the fundamental representation, compared to scaled-up QCD (arXiv:1009.5967). Here I provide additional details of our calculation. I discuss our use of conserved lattice currents; the relation to vector--axial parity doubling; finite-volume effects; and the sensitivity of our results to the number of fermion doublets with chiral electroweak couplings. Results presented here include additional data, and do not affect our previously-published conclusions.
description: Contribution to the proceedings of Lattice 2011, July 10-16, Lake Tahoe, California. 7 pages. v2: Eqn. 4.2 corrected, conclusions unchanged
การประเมินด้านเทคนิคเศรษฐศาสตร์ของการนำไฮโดรเจนที่ผลิตจากเทคโนโลยีพลังงานหมุนเวียนมาเป็นเชื้อเพลิงสะอาดสำหรับโรงไฟฟ้า
Creators: name: ปรารถนา โพธิ์น้อย
Publisher: name: King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi
Year: 2023
Subjects: Renewable Energy/ Hydrogen
Alternative Fuel
Levelized Cost of Hydrogen (LCOH)
Levelized Cost of Energy (LCOE)

description: KMUTT Research and Development Journal, 46, 3, 211-228
An extended ordinary state-based peridynamics for non-spherical horizons
Creators: name: Liu, Qibang
name: Chen, Muhao
name: Skelton, Robert E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This work presents an extended ordinary state-based peridynamics (XOSBPD) model for the non-spherical horizons. Based on the OSBPD, we derive the XOSBPD by introducing the Lagrange multipliers to guarantee the non-local dilatation and non-local strain energy density (SED) are equal to local dilatation and local SED, respectively. In this formulation, the XOSBPD removes the limitation of spherical horizons and is suitable for arbitrary horizon shapes. In addition, the presented XOSBPD does not need volume and surface correction and allows non-uniform discretization implementation with various horizon sizes. Three classic examples demonstrate the accuracy and capability for complex dynamical fracture analysis. The proposed method provides an efficient tool and in-depth insight into the failure mechanism of structure components and solid materials.
description: 19 pages, 9 figures
PRUSSIC I - a JVLA survey of HCN/HCO+/HNC (1-0) emission in z$\sim$3 dusty galaxies: Low dense-gas fractions in high-redshift star-forming galaxies
Creators: name: Rybak, M.
name: Hodge, J. A.
name: Greve, T. R.
name: Riechers, D.
name: Lamperti, I.
name: van Marrewijk, J.
name: Walter, F.
name: Wagg, J.
name: van der Werf, P. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dusty star-forming galaxies (DSFGs) at redshift z$\geq$1 are among the most vigorously star-forming galaxies in the Universe. However, their dense ($\geq$10$^5$ cm$^{-3}$ ) gas phase - typically traced by HCN(1-0) - remains almost entirely unexplored: only two DSFGs have been detected in HCN(1-0) to date. We present results of a JVLA survey of the J=1-0 transition of HCN, HCO+, and HNC(1-0) in six strongly lensed DSFGs at z = 2.5 - 3.3, effectively doubling the number of DSFGs with deep observations of these lines. We detect HCN(1-0) emission in one source (J1202+5354, 4.4$σ$), with a tentative HCO+ (1-0) detection in another (J1609+6045, 3.3$σ$). Spectral stacking yields strict upper limits on the HCN/FIR ($\leq$3.6$\times$10$^{-4}$) and HCN/CO(1-0) ratios ($\leq$0.045). The inferred HCN/FIR ratios (a proxy for the star-formation efficiency) are consistent with those in z$\sim$0 FIR-luminous starbursts. However, the HCN/CO ratios - a proxy for the dense-gas fraction - are a factor of a few lower than suggested by the two previous DSFG detections. Our results imply that most DSFGs have low dense-gas fractions. A comparison with Krumholz & Thompson (2007) models of star-forming galaxies indicates that the bulk of gas in DSFGs is at lower densities ($\approx$10$^2$ cm$^{-3}$ ), similar to "normal" star-forming galaxies, rather than ultraluminous starbursts.
description: Submitted to A&A 28th April 2022, accepted 19th July 2022
Post-Acute Effectiveness of Lithium in Pediatric Bipolar I Disorder
Creators: name: Kafantaris, Vivian
name: Clemons, Traci E
name: Taylor-Zapata, Perdita
name: McNamara, Nora K
name: Sikich, Linmarie
name: Pavuluri, Mani
name: Frazier, Jean A
name: Rowles, Brieana M
name: Kowatch, Robert
name: Findling, Robert L
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: This study examined the long-term effectiveness of lithium for the treatment of pediatric bipolar disorder within the context of combination mood stabilizer therapy for refractory mania and pharmacological treatment of comorbid psychiatric conditions.
Approximate Revenue Maximization with Multiple Items
Creators: name: Hart, Sergiu
name: Nisan, Noam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: Theoretical Economics (econ.TH)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Maximizing the revenue from selling _more than one_ good (or item) to a single buyer is a notoriously difficult problem, in stark contrast to the one-good case. For two goods, we show that simple "one-dimensional" mechanisms, such as selling the goods separately, _guarantee_ at least 73% of the optimal revenue when the valuations of the two goods are independent and identically distributed, and at least $50\%$ when they are independent. For the case of $k>2$ independent goods, we show that selling them separately guarantees at least a $c/\log^2 k$ fraction of the optimal revenue; and, for independent and identically distributed goods, we show that selling them as one bundle guarantees at least a $c/\log k$ fraction of the optimal revenue. Additional results compare the revenues from the two simple mechanisms of selling the goods separately and bundled, identify situations where bundling is optimal, and extend the analysis to multiple buyers.
description: Presented in ACM EC conference, 2012
Optimal Cooling of Multiple Levitated Particles: Theory of Far-Field Wavefront-Shaping
Creators: name: Hüpfl, Jakob
name: Bachelard, Nicolas
name: Kaczvinszki, Markus
name: Horodynski, Michael
name: Kühmayer, Matthias
name: Rotter, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The opportunity to manipulate small-scale objects pushes us to the limits of our understanding of physics. Particularly promising in this regard is the interdisciplinary field of levitation, in which light fields can be harnessed to isolate nano-particles from their environment by levitating them optically. When cooled down towards their motional quantum ground state, levitated systems offer the tantalizing prospect of displaying mesoscopic quantum properties. Currently restricted to single objects with simple shapes, the interest in levitation is currently moving towards the manipulation of more complex structures, such as those featuring multiple particles or different degrees of freedom. Unfortunately, current cooling techniques are mostly designed for single objects and thus cannot easily be multiplexed to address such coupled many-body systems. Here, we present an approach based on the spatial modulation of light in the far-field to cool down multiple nano-objects in parallel. Our procedure is based on the experimentally measurable scattering matrix and on its changes with time. We demonstrate how to compose from these ingredients a linear energy-shift operator, whose eigenstates are identified as the incoming wavefronts that implement the most efficient cooling of complex moving ensembles of levitated particles. Submitted in parallel with arxiv:2103.12592, this article provides a theoretical and numerical study of the expected cooling performance as well as of the robustness of the method against environmental parameters.
description: Posted in parallel with arXiv:2103.12592, this preprint provides extended simulations and theoretical considerations on our far-field cooling scheme
Affective Processing in Pediatric Bipolar Disorder and Offspring of Bipolar Parents
Creators: name: Meyer, Thomas D.
name: Frazier, Thomas W.
name: Soares, Jair C.
name: Youngstrom, Eric
name: Zunta–Soares, Giovana B.
name: Bauer, Isabelle E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Background: Bipolar disorder (BD) is characterized by biased processing of emotional information. However, little research in this area has been conducted in youth with BD and at-risk individuals. The goal of this study was to determine whether children with BD displayed comparable or more severe manifestations of this bias relative to offspring of parents with BD.
Physics-Based Nozzle Design Rules for High-Frequency Liquid Metal Jetting
Creators: name: Seo, Jongmin
name: Somarakis, Christoforos
name: Korneev, Svyatoslav
name: Behandish, Morad
name: Lew, Adrian J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present physics-based nozzle design rules to achieve high-throughput and stable jetting in drop-on-demand liquid metal 3D printing. The design rules are based on scaling laws that capture the change of meniscus oscillation relaxation time with geometric characteristics of the nozzle's inner profile. These characteristics include volume, cross-sectional area, and inner surface area of the nozzle. Using boundary layer theory for a simple geometry, we show that the meniscus settles faster when the ratio of inner surface area to volume is increased. High-fidelity multiphase flow simulations verify this scaling. We use these laws to explore several design concepts with parameterized classes of shapes that reduce the meniscus relaxation time while preserving desired droplet specs. Finally, we show that for various nozzle profile concepts, the optimal performance can be achieved by increasing the ratio of the circumferential surface area to the bulk volume to the extent that is allowable by manufacturing constraints.
description: Under Review in Physics of Fluids, AIP Publishing
Bayesian inference with dependent normalized completely random measures
Creators: name: Lijoi, Antonio
name: Nipoti, Bernardo
name: Prünster, Igor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The proposal and study of dependent prior processes has been a major research focus in the recent Bayesian nonparametric literature. In this paper, we introduce a flexible class of dependent nonparametric priors, investigate their properties and derive a suitable sampling scheme which allows their concrete implementation. The proposed class is obtained by normalizing dependent completely random measures, where the dependence arises by virtue of a suitable construction of the Poisson random measures underlying the completely random measures. We first provide general distributional results for the whole class of dependent completely random measures and then we specialize them to two specific priors, which represent the natural candidates for concrete implementation due to their analytic tractability: the bivariate Dirichlet and normalized $σ$-stable processes. Our analytical results, and in particular the partially exchangeable partition probability function, form also the basis for the determination of a Markov Chain Monte Carlo algorithm for drawing posterior inferences, which reduces to the well-known Blackwell--MacQueen Pólya urn scheme in the univariate case. Such an algorithm can be used for density estimation and for analyzing the clustering structure of the data and is illustrated through a real two-sample dataset example.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.3150/13-BEJ521 the Bernoulli (http://isi.cbs.nl/bernoulli/) by the International Statistical Institute/Bernoulli Society (http://isi.cbs.nl/BS/bshome.htm)
การศึกษาความสว่างและอุณหภูมิสีของแสงเทียบเคียงสำหรับการจัดแสงโครมา-คีย์
Creators: name: จิรศักดิ์ ปรีชาวีรกุล
Publisher: name: King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi
Year: 2023
Subjects: Luminance
Correlated Color Temperature
Chroma-Key Lighting
Color Code Number of 16

description: KMUTT Research and Development Journal, 46, 3, 229-237
Mass anomalous dimension from Dirac eigenmode scaling in conformal and confining systems
Creators: name: Hasenfratz, Anna
name: Cheng, Anqi
name: Petropoulos, Gregory
name: Schaich, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The mode number of the Dirac operator scales with an exponent related to the mass anomalous dimension gamma_m. This relation holds both in IR-conformal systems, as well as in confining systems for large enough eigenvalues. We investigate the Nf=4, 8 and 12 flavor SU(3) systems at several couplings near the chiral limit, and show that in general the scaling exponent varies with the eigenvalue, describing the dependence of gamma_m on the energy (or, equivalently, on the running coupling). This energy dependence can be explored even with fixed lattice parameters (bare coupling and mass). We find that for the 4 flavor system the mass anomalous dimension decreases as the energy increases, consistent with perturbative expectations. For the 8 flavor system the energy dependence is too weak to be observable at present. The 12 flavor system at our strongest couplings shows the anomalous dimension increasing with energy, consistent with backward flow and the presence of an infrared fixed point. At weaker couplings we determine a preliminary value for the mass anomalous dimension of the 12 flavor system at the infrared fixed point, gamma_m^*=0.27(3).
description: Contribution to the proceedings of Lattice 2012, June 24-29, Cairns, Australia. 7 pages
Strange processes in general two Higgs doublet model
Creators: name: Hou, Wei-Shu
name: Kumar, Girish
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the general two Higgs doublet model (g2HDM) that has extra Yukawa couplings, we analyze their New Physics (NP) contributions to kaon mixing parameter $\varepsilon_K$, direct CP violation parameter $\varepsilon^\prime/\varepsilon$, and rare $K^+ \to π^+ν\barν$, $K_L \to π^0ν\barν$, and $K_{L, S} \to μ^+ μ^-$ decays. We study correlations between these observables, and call special attention to a unique complementarity of kaon mixing and rare $K\to πν\barν$ decays in probing the exotic Higgs mass spectrum of g2HDM. The importance of kaon physics in probing NP vis-à-vis B physics is stressed. One unexpected feature we uncover is the special sensitivity of $K^+ \to π^+ν\barν$ to TeV scale charged Higgs boson.
description: 26 pages, 10 captioned figures; v2: fixed typos; v3: added a brief discussion in section 5 about NP effects of down-type flavor violation. Accepted for publication in JHEP
Elevated Salivary Alpha Amylase in Adolescent Sexual Abuse Survivors with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms
Creators: name: Keeshin, Brooks R.
name: Granger, Douglas A.
name: Out, Dorothee
name: Putnam, Frank W.
name: Strawn, Jeffrey R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Objective: Little is known regarding neuroendocrine responses in adolescent girls with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) who have experienced sexual abuse. Therefore, we collected saliva samples three times daily for 3 days to assess concentrations of salivary alpha amylase (sAA) – a surrogate marker for autonomic nervous system (ANS) activity and, in particular, sympathetic activity – in sexually abused adolescent girls.
Bulk and finite-temperature transitions in SU(3) gauge theories with many light fermions
Creators: name: Schaich, David
name: Cheng, Anqi
name: Hasenfratz, Anna
name: Petropoulos, Gregory
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate finite-temperature transitions in SU(3) lattice gauge theories with Nf=8 and 12 staggered fermions in the fundamental representation. For both of these systems, we have observed a strongly-coupled lattice phase in which the single-site shift symmetry of the staggered action is spontaneously broken. Here we report new results for finite-temperature transitions on 24^3x12 and 32^3x16 lattice volumes, contrasting the 8- and 12-flavor systems. While the Nf=12 finite-temperature transitions accumulate at the bulk transition bounding the strongly-coupled lattice phase, the Nf=8 finite-temperature transitions are able to pass through the bulk transition, and behave as expected for a QCD-like system. We discuss our current results and the work in progress to complete our investigation of the finite-temperature phase diagram.
description: Contribution to the proceedings of Lattice 2012, June 24-29, Cairns, Australia. 7 pages
Universal scaling form of AC response in variable range hopping
Creators: name: Bergli, Joakim
name: Galperin, Yuri M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have studied the AC response of a hopping model in the variable range hopping regime by dynamical Monte Carlo simulations. We find that the conductivity as function of frequency follows a universal scaling law. We also compare the numerical results to various theoretical predictions. Finally, we study the form of the conducting network as function of frequency.
description: Proceedings from the TIDS15 conference
การวิเคราะห์ระดับความแห้งแล้งด้วยดัชนี Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) : กรณีศึกษาพื้นที่โครงการเขตพัฒนาพิเศษภาคตะวันออก
Creators: name: ศศิวิมล ขาวโกมล
Publisher: name: King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi
Year: 2023
Subjects: Eastern Economic Corridor
Drought indices
Drought

description: KMUTT Research and Development Journal, 46, 3, 239-252
A High-Order Asymptotic Analysis of the Benjamin-Feir Instability Spectrum in Arbitrary Depth
Creators: name: Creedon, Ryan
name: Deconinck, Bernard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the Benjamin-Feir (or modulational) instability of Stokes waves, i.e., small-amplitude, one-dimensional periodic gravity waves of permanent form and constant velocity, in water of finite and infinite depth. We develop a perturbation method to describe to high-order accuracy the unstable spectral elements associated with this instability, obtained by linearizing Euler's equations about the small-amplitude Stokes waves. These unstable elements form a figure-eight curve centered at the origin of the complex spectral plane, which is parameterized by a Floquet exponent. Our asymptotic expansions of this figure-eight are in excellent agreement with numerical computations as well as recent rigorous results by Berti, Maspero, and Ventura. From our expansions, we derive high-order estimates for the growth rates of the Benjamin-Feir instability and for the parameterization of the Benjamin-Feir figure-eight curve with respect to the Floquet exponent. We are also able to compare the Benjamin-Feir and high-frequency instability spectra analytically for the first time, revealing three different regimes of the Stokes waves, depending on the predominant instability.
description: 35 pages, 16 figures
Non-separability of Physical Systems as a Foundation of Consciousness
Creators: name: Arkhipov, Anton
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A hypothesis is presented that non-separability of degrees of freedom is the fundamental property underlying consciousness in physical systems. The amount of consciousness in a system is determined by the extent of non-separability and the number of degrees of freedom involved. Non-interacting and feedforward systems have zero consciousness, whereas most systems of interacting particles appear to have low non-separability and consciousness. By contrast, brain circuits exhibit high complexity and weak but tightly coordinated interactions, which appear to support high non-separability and therefore high amount of consciousness. The hypothesis applies to both classical and quantum cases, and we highlight the formalism employing the Wigner function (which in the classical limit becomes the Liouville density function) as a potentially fruitful framework for characterizing non-separability and, thus, the amount of consciousness in a system. The hypothesis appears to be consistent with both the Integrated Information Theory and the Orchestrated Objective Reduction Theory and may help reconcile the two. It offers a natural explanation for the physical properties underlying the amount of consciousness and points to methods of estimating the amount of non-separability as promising ways of characterizing the amount of consciousness.