cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Achieving a quantum smart workforce
Creators: name: Aiello, Clarice D.
name: Awschalom, D. D.
name: Bernien, Hannes
name: Brower-Thomas, Tina
name: Brown, Kenneth R.
name: Brun, Todd A.
name: Caram, Justin R.
name: Chitambar, Eric
name: Di Felice, Rosa
name: Fox, Michael F. J.
name: Haas, Stephan
name: Holleitner, Alexander W.
name: Hudson, Eric R.
name: Hunt, Jeffrey H.
name: Joynt, Robert
name: Koziol, Scott
name: Lewandowski, H. J.
name: McClure, Douglas T.
name: Palsberg, Jens
name: Passante, Gina
name: Pudenz, Kristen L.
name: Richardson, Christopher J. K.
name: Rosenberg, Jessica L.
name: Ross, R. S.
name: Saffman, Mark
name: Singh, M.
name: Steuerman, David W.
name: Stark, Chad
name: Thijssen, Jos
name: Vamivakas, A. Nick
name: Whitfield, James D.
name: Zwickl, Benjamin M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: Emerging Technologies (cs.ET)
subject: General Literature (cs.GL)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Interest in building dedicated Quantum Information Science and Engineering (QISE) education programs has greatly expanded in recent years. These programs are inherently convergent, complex, often resource intensive and likely require collaboration with a broad variety of stakeholders. In order to address this combination of challenges, we have captured ideas from many members in the community. This manuscript not only addresses policy makers and funding agencies (both public and private and from the regional to the international level) but also contains needs identified by industry leaders and discusses the difficulties inherent in creating an inclusive QISE curriculum. We report on the status of eighteen post-secondary education programs in QISE and provide guidance for building new programs. Lastly, we encourage the development of a comprehensive strategic plan for quantum education and workforce development as a means to make the most of the ongoing substantial investments being made in QISE.
description: 18 pages, 2 figures, 1 table
Rough translation of file 012_B (collection LA 256)
Creators: name: Parker, Verdena
name: Spence, Justin
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: hup

description: Audio file VP-300120-11: Rough translation (minute-by-minute) of 012_B (tape 012, side B) from LA 256 (collection of recordings given to the Berkeley Language Center by Verdena), from 9:19 to 12:00. Due to re-numbering, tape 012_B has been assigned to the CLA item number LA256.012, audio file LA256.012B.
Zero tension Kardar-Parisi-Zhang equation in (d+1)- Dimensions
Creators: name: Bahraminasab, A.
name: Tabei, S. M. A.
name: Masoudi, A. A.
name: Shahbazi, F.
name: Tabar, M. Reza Rahimi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The joint probability distribution function (PDF) of the height and its gradients is derived for a zero tension $d+1$-dimensional Kardar-Parisi-Zhang (KPZ) equation. It is proved that the height`s PDF of zero tension KPZ equation shows lack of positivity after a finite time $t_{c}$. The properties of zero tension KPZ equation and its differences with the case that it possess an infinitesimal surface tension is discussed. Also potential relation between the time scale $t_{c}$ and the singularity time scale $t_{c, ν\to 0}$ of the KPZ equation with an infinitesimal surface tension is investigated.
description: 18 pages, 8 figures
MPEC 2024-A62 : 2024 AG1
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2024 AG1

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Morphology of radio relics I: What causes the substructure of synchrotron emission?
Creators: name: Domínguez-Fernández, P.
name: Brüggen, M.
name: Vazza, F.
name: Banda-Barragán, W. E.
name: Rajpurohit, K.
name: Mignone, A.
name: Mukherjee, D.
name: Vaidya, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High-resolution radio observations of cluster radio relics often show complex spatial and spectral features. However, it is not clear what these features reveal about the underlying magnetic field properties. We performed three-dimensional magneto-hydrodynamical simulations of merger shock waves propagating through a magnetised, turbulent intracluster medium. Our model includes the diffusive shock acceleration of cosmic-ray electrons, their spatial advection and energy losses at run-time. With this set-up we can investigate the relation between radio substructure and pre-shock plasma conditions in the host cluster. We find that upstream turbulence plays a major role in shaping the properties of radio relics produced downstream. Within the assumption of diffusive shock acceleration, we can reproduce the observed discrepancy between the X-ray derived Mach number of shocks, and the Mach number inferred from radio spectra. Our simulated spectral index maps and profiles across the radio relic also suggest that the standard deviation of the upstream magnetic field must be relatively small ($σ_B\leq 1 \, μ$G) in order to reproduce observations and therefore, radio relics can potentially constrain the distribution of magnetic fields in galaxy clusters outskirts.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS, 22 pages, 25 figures
METHODS AND MEANS OF ENSURING CYBER SECURITY AS A COMPONENT OF THE INFORMATION SECURITY OF THE STATE
Creators: name: Kiporenko, S.
Publisher: name: The Scientific Heritage
Year: 2021
Subjects: cyberspace
cybersecurity
information security
cybercrime
cyberterrorism.

description: The article is devoted to the analysis of the peculiarities of cybersecurity as an important component of information security in Ukraine, legislative and regulatory support of this area. Some approaches to defining the essence of cybersecurity have been investigated, taking into account the latest changes in legislation. Certain contradictions in the current legislation on these issues are revealed, the author's definition of cybersecurity is proposed, and an approach to understanding the relationship between cybersecurity and other components of information security is generalized. The main disadvantages and prospects of ensuring the protection of cyberspace are indicated. It was noted that in Ukraine, issues related to ensuring cybersecurity are defined in the Cybersecurity Strategy of Ukraine, approved by the decision of the National Security and Defense Council of Ukraine. The concept and nature of the emergence of cybercrimes as the main factor in the violation of cybersecurity in the country has been substantiated.
FOSSIL REPTILES FROM THE PLEISTOCENE HOMO-BEARING LOCALITY OF BUIA (ERITREA, NORTHERN DANAKIL DEPRESSION)
Creators: name: DELFINO, MASSIMO
name: SEGID, AMAHA
name: YOSIEF, DESSALE
name: SHOSHANI, JEHESKEL
name: ROOK, LORENZO
name: LIBSEKAL, YOSIEF
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2004

description: The early to early-Middle Pleistocene fossil assemblage form the Buia area (Northern Danakil Depression, Eritrea) hosts, along with Homo and several other large mammal taxa, the following reptiles: Nile Crocodile, Crocodylus niloticus, Serrated Hinged Terrapin, Pelusios cf. P. sinuatus, Nile Monitor, Varanus niloticus and African Rock Python, Python gr. sebae. All the identified taxa belong to living species. At present, these taxa do not occur in the Northern Danakil depression since it is an arid area. P. sinuatus is not a member of the Eritrean herpetofauna. Although the marked preponderance of the crocodile remains is probably connected to the taphonomy of the sites and the collecting methods used, the ecological value of the reptile fauna corroborates that of the mammals, in indicating a lacustrine or fluvio-deltaic palaeoenvironment and a tropical/subtropical or even sub-Sahelic climate. The Buia remains represent the first reported Eritrean palaeoherpetofauna.
description: Rivista italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia, Supplement
Transcription of a description of traditional beliefs
Creators: name: Parker, Verdena
name: Spence, Justin
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: hup

description: Audio file VP-300120-09: Transcription of a description of beliefs about lizards and frogs and the birth of children, file VP-161011-04, from 00:21 to 1:56.
Ideal bandpasses for type Ia supernova cosmology
Creators: name: Davis, Tamara M.
name: Schmidt, Brian P.
name: Kim, Alex G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To use type Ia supernovae as standard candles for cosmology we need accurate broadband magnitudes. In practice the observed magnitude may differ from the ideal magnitude-redshift relationship either through intrinsic inhomogeneities in the type Ia supernova population or through observational error. Here we investigate how we can choose filter bandpasses to reduce the error caused by both these effects. We find that bandpasses with large integral fluxes and sloping wings are best able to minimise several sources of observational error, and are also least sensitive to intrinsic differences in type Ia supernovae. The most important feature of a complete filter set for type Ia supernova cosmology is that each bandpass be a redshifted copy of the first. We design practical sets of redshifted bandpasses that are matched to typical high resistivity CCD and HgCdTe infra-red detector sensitivities. These are designed to minimise systematic error in well observed supernovae, final designs for specific missions should also consider signal-to-noise requirements and observing strategy. In addition we calculate how accurately filters need to be calibrated in order to achieve the required photometric accuracy of future supernova cosmology experiments such as the SuperNova-Acceleration-Probe (SNAP), which is one possible realisation of the Joint Dark-Energy mission (JDEM). We consider the effect of possible periodic miscalibrations that may arise from the construction of an interference filter.
description: Accepted for publication in PASP, 22 pages (preprint format), 17 figures
Perturbations of the Yang-Mills field in the universe
Creators: name: Zhao, Wen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has been suggested that the Yang-Mills (YM) field can be a kind of candidate for the inflationary field at high energy scales or the dark energy at very low energy scales, which can naturally give the equation of state $-1
description: 5 pages, no figure
METHODS AND MODELS FOR PASSENGER TRANSPORTATIONS FORECASTING ON AIR ROUTES
Creators: name: Volkovska, A.
Publisher: name: The Scientific Heritage
Year: 2021
Subjects: air passenger transportation
forecast
gravitational model
regression and correlation analysis
statistical forecasting of time series
heuristic forecasting.

description: Article considers basic methods and models implemented in forecasting air passenger transportations. Main influencing factors, advantages and disadvantages of each method are identified.
Android Based Low Cost Sitting Posture Monitoring System
Creators: name: Nizam, Nusrat Binta
name: Jinan, Tohfatul
name: Aurthy, Wahida Binte Naz
name: Hossen, Md. Rakib
name: Ferdous, Jahid
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Back pain is one of the leading causes of disability-adjusted life year globally and the most common cause of low back pain is poor sitting posture. There are several actions that can be adopted proactively to avoid poor sitting posture induced back pain including behavioral change, regular exercise, and use of an ergonomic chair. However, these are either expensive and/or difficult to execute for prolonged periods. Sitting posture monitoring systems continuously observe the sitting pattern of a person in real-time and give feedback/alert poor sitting posture is observed. In this study, a real-time posture monitoring system has been designed and a functional prototype has been developed using simple electrical elements and an android application. Appropriate position of the sensor in the spine to measure the degree of bending and the threshold sensor values for good posture sittings have been determined based on the results from healthy volunteers of different ages and height. The android application continuously monitors the degree of bending and provides vibration when the bending reaches the threshold of bad posture or the duration of the sitting crosses the clinically recommended time limit to prevent prolonged sitting. Positive user feedback has been received in terms of comfortability, effectiveness, and satisfaction levels. The manufacturing cost of the developed monitoring system is minimal compared to the available expensive systems in the market and the cost would further go down if it is produced in bulk. This device efficiently monitors the sitting posture pattern to prevent back pain and within the affordable price range for the people from middle to under-developed countries.
Single-photon-emitting diodes: a review
Creators: name: Bennett, A. J.
name: Atkinson, P.
name: See, P.
name: Ward, M. B.
name: Stevenson, R. M.
name: Yuan, Z. L.
name: Unitt, D. C.
name: Ellis, D. J. P.
name: Cooper, K.
name: Ritchie, D. A.
name: Shields, A. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Compact and reliable sources of non-classical light could find many applications in emerging technologies such as quantum cryptography, quantum imaging and also in fundamental tests of quantum physics. Single self-assembled quantum dots have been widely studied for this reason, but the vast majority of reported work has been limited to optically excited sources. Here we discuss the progress made so far, and prospects for, electrically driven single-photon-emitting diodes (SPEDs).
description: 13 pages, 10 figures
Coherent Inverse Photoemission Spectrum for Gutzwiller Projected Superconductors
Creators: name: Yunoki, Seiji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Rigorous relations for Gutzwiller projected BCS states are derived. The obtained results do not depend on the details of model systems, but solely on the wave functions. Based on the derived relations, physical consequences are discussed for strongly correlated superconducting states such as high-$T_{\rm C}$ cuprate superconductors.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, to be published in Phys. Rev. B
One-Shot Object Localization Using Learnt Visual Cues via Siamese Networks
Creators: name: Venkatesh, Sagar Gubbi
name: Amrutur, Bharadwaj
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A robot that can operate in novel and unstructured environments must be capable of recognizing new, previously unseen, objects. In this work, a visual cue is used to specify a novel object of interest which must be localized in new environments. An end-to-end neural network equipped with a Siamese network is used to learn the cue, infer the object of interest, and then to localize it in new environments. We show that a simulated robot can pick-and-place novel objects pointed to by a laser pointer. We also evaluate the performance of the proposed approach on a dataset derived from the Omniglot handwritten character dataset and on a small dataset of toys.
Προσομοίωση των μορφολογικών μεταβολών της παράκτιας ζώνης από τη δράση της θάλασσας
Creators: name: Μπαλτίκας, Βασίλειος Νικολάου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2007
Subjects: Παράκτια ζώνη
Προσομοίωση
Ακτομηχανή
Κυματικά χαρακτηριστικά
Παράκτιο ρεύμα
Μεταφορά φερτών υλών
Nearshore zone
Simulation
Coastal engineering
Wave characteristics
Longshore current
Sand transport

description: Σκοπός της παρούσας εργασίας είναι η προσομοίωση των φαινομένων της μετάδοσης κυμάτων μέσα σε μια θαλάσσια λεκάνη και της μεταφοράς φερτών υλικών του πυθμένα από το παράκτιο ρεύμα που δημιουργείται εξαιτίας της θραύσης των εισερχόμενων κυμάτων. Αυτό θα γίνει με τη χρήση τριών βασικών εργαλείων, τριών μοντέλων, του NMLong, του 2DH μοντέλου Pefkariovertop και του μοντέλου μεταβολής της ακτογραμμής Oneline. Οι αλγόριθμοι των μοντέλων αυτών έχουν λάβει τη μορφή λογισμικού Η/Υ, μέσω του οποίου θα γίνουν όλες οι εφαρμογές σε μια συγκεκριμένη περιοχή μελέτης. Η περιοχή αυτή είναι η ακτή Πευκάρι της Θάσου, στην οποία τα τελευταία χρόνια έχει παρατηρηθεί έντονη διάβρωση.Αρχικά θα γίνει μια πρώτη σύντομη αναφορά στο κάθε ένα από τα μοντέλα που θα χρησιμοποιηθούν, αλλά και στα χαρακτηριστικά της ακτής που θα μελετηθεί. Στα επόμενα κεφάλαια θα παρουσιαστούν οι βασικές αρχές και το θεωρητικό υπόβαθρο του κάθε μοντέλου και στη συνέχεια τα αποτελέσματα της κάθε εφαρμογής. Θα παρουσιαστούν διαδοχικά τα αποτελέσματα των κυματικών μοντέλων και μετά τα αποτελέσματα των υπολογισμών της παροχής των φερτών. Τα αποτελέσματα συνοδεύει ένας σχολιασμός, και σύγκριση των δυνατοτήτων των χρησιμοποιούμενων μοντέλων.
description: Simulation of wave propagation and sand transport inside the surfing zone is discussed in this post graduate diploma thesis. This is accomplished via the means of computer simulation, using 3 models: NMLong (Numerical Model for the Longshore current), a 2DH ware propagation model named Pefkariovertop, and the coastline displacement model Oneline. Every application refers to coast Pefkari, located on island Thasos, Greece. The diploma thesis contains the theoretical background of each model, description of their application, discussion over the results and a slight comparison of the models' potential.
Dressed molecules in an optical lattice
Creators: name: Gubbels, K. B.
name: Dickerscheid, D. B. M.
name: Stoof, H. T. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the theory of an atomic gas in an optical lattice near a Feshbach resonance. We derive from first principles a generalized Hubbard model, that incorporates all the relevant two-body physics exactly, except for the background atom-atom scattering. For most atoms the background interactions are negligible, but this is not true for lithium-6, which has an exceptionally large background scattering length near the experimentally relevant Feshbach resonance at 834 G. Therefore, we show how to include background atom-atom scattering by solving the on-site two-body Feshbach problem exactly. We apply the obtained solution to lithium-6 and find that the background interactions indeed have a significant effect in this case.
description: 20 pages, 4 figures
Towards a more complete sample of binary central stars of planetary nebulae with Gaia
Creators: name: Chornay, N.
name: Walton, N. A.
name: Jones, D.
name: Boffin, H. M. J.
name: Rejkuba, M.
name: Wesson, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context: Many if not most planetary nebulae (PNe) are now thought to be the outcome of binary evolutionary scenarios. However only a few percent of PNe in the Milky Way are known to host binary systems. The high precision repeated observing and long time baseline of Gaia make it well suited to detect new close binaries through photometric variability. Aims: We aim to find new close binary central stars of PNe (CSPNe) using data from the Gaia mission, building towards a statistically significant sample of post common envelope, close binary CSPNe. Methods: As the vast majority of Gaia sources do not have published epoch photometry, we use the uncertainty in the mean photometry as a proxy for determining the variability of our CSPN sample in the second Gaia data release. We derive a quantity that expresses the significance of the variability, and consider what is necessary to build a clean sample of genuine variable sources. Results: Our selection recovers a large fraction of the known close binary CSPN population, while other CSPNe lying in the same region of the parameter space likely represent low-hanging fruit for ground-based confirmatory followup observations. Gaia epoch photometry for four of the newly identified variable sources confirms that the variability is genuine and consistent with binarity
description: Accepted for publication in A&A. Main text: 8 pages, 7 figures. One appendix
Eavesdropping on the "ping-pong" type quantum communication protocols with invisible photon
Creators: name: Cai, Qing-yu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The crucial issue of quantum communication protocol is its security. In this paper, we show that all the deterministic and direct two-way quantum communication protocols, sometimes called ping-pong (PP) protocols, are insecure when an eavesdropper uses the invisible photon to eavesdrop on the communication. With our invisible photon eavesdropping (IPE) scheme, the eavesdropper can obtain full information of the communication with zero risk of being detected. We show that this IPE scheme can be implemented experimentally with current technology. Finally, a possible improvement of PP communication protocols security is proposed. PACS:03.67.Hk
The City of Vancouver’s industrial land use planning in a context of economic restructuring
Creators: name: Logue, Scott
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Industrial land use and economic policy created by the City of Vancouver between 1968 and 1991 is analysed within a context of economic restructuring to illustrate how these types of policies may be improved. Within this time frame, the City of Vancouver had three distinct periods of policy development that were largely delineated by local political and economic factors. The first period was characterised by a liberal-based civic party in control of the local administration, a healthy urban economy, and a post-industrial sentiment that did not support the industrial community and resulted in a significant decrease in the city's supply of industrial land. In the second period, an increasingly left of centre local government was forced to contend with the poor economic conditions of the early 1980s; consequently, the industrial sector and the economy as a whole received considerable attention and support from the local government. The third period was characterised by the re-birth of post-industrialism and a right of centre administration with little interest in economic planning or maintaining an industrial sector in the City of Vancouver. The main lessons to be drawn from this policy analysis are (1) that the modern economy will continue to change rapidly and generate significant consequences and challenges for civic governments, (2) there are benefits to planning for the future rather than simply accommodating change as it happens, (3) the short sighted agendas of politicians need to be tempered by an assessment of the long term consequences of policy development and implementation, (4) there needs to be co-operation between the region's numerous public bodies to ensure complementary policy development across municipal boundaries, and (5) governments need to be proactive and engage in economic planning during both growth and recessionary economic periods in order to embrace new economic opportunities as they arise, mitigate the negative consequences that change often generates, and help produce strategic visions for planning purposes.
Transcription of a story about the Creator's Helper
Creators: name: Parker, Verdena
name: Spence, Justin
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: hup

description: Audio file VP-300120-10: Transcription of a story about the Creator's Helper building a bridge to attract a wife, then destroying it, file VP-161011-04, from 5:22 to 7:01.
THE LARGE FOSSIL MAMMALS FROM FROM BUIA (ERITREA):SYSTEMATICS, BIOCHRONOLOGY AND PALEOENVIRONMENTS
Creators: name: MARTÍNEZ-NAVARRO, BIENVENIDO
name: ROOK, LORENZO
name: SEGID, AMAHA
name: YOSIEF, DESSALE
name: P. FERRETTI, MARCO
name: SHOSHANI, JEHESKEL
name: MEDHIN TECLE, TEWELDE
name: LIBSEKAL, YOSIEF
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2004

description: This paper offers a preliminary overview on the large fossil mammals (Primates, Hyaenidae, Proboscidea, Rhinocerotidae, Equidae, Hippopotamidae, Suidae, Giraffidae, and Bovidae) from the Early Pleistocene sedimentary succession of the Dandiero (Buia) Basin (Danakil Depression, Eritrea). The 1995-1997 Eritrean-italian fossil collection has been revised and studied. A few significant remains collected during the 2002-2004 field activities have also been included. Eighteen species of mammals have been identified, described and illustrated in the principal specimens. The systematic study allows general coclusions on the biochronologic and paleoenvironmental significance of the faunal assemblage. This study is completed by an analysis of “Genus Faunal Resemblance Index” (GFRI) with some well known faunal assemblages of Africa across the time span Late Pliocene – Middle Pleistocene.
description: Rivista italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia, Supplement
Optimized recursion relation for the computation of partition functions in the superconfiguration approach
Creators: name: Pain, Jean-Christophe
name: Gilleron, Franck
name: Wilson, Brian G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Partition functions of a canonical ensemble of non-interacting bound electrons are a key ingredient of the super-transition-array approach to the computation of radiative opacity. A few years ago, we published a robust and stable recursion relation for the calculation of such partition functions. In this paper, we propose an optimization of the latter method and explain how to implement it in practice. The formalism relies on the evaluation of elementary symmetric polynomials, which opens the way to further improvements.
description: submitted to "High Energy Density Physics"
Thermal Corrections to $π$-$π$ Scattering Lengths in the Linear Sigma Model
Creators: name: Loewe, Marcelo
name: Martínez, Cristian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article we explore the thermal evolution of the $π$-$π$ scattering lengths in the frame of the linear sigma model. We compute, using thermofield dynamics, all the one loop diagrams that contribute to $π$-$π$ scattering. We restrict ourselves to temperature correction only in the pion sector, due to the Boltzmann supression for the sigma meson. From this analysis we obtain the thermal behavior of $a_0^0$ and $a_0^2$, s-waves scattering lengths in the isospin channel I=0 and I=2 respectively. It turns out that $a_0^0$ grows whereas $a_0^2$ diminishes as function of temperature. We compare our results with other determinations of the thermal behavior of these magnitudes.
description: 8 pages. Keywords: Finite temperature field theory; scattering lengths; linear sigma model. A new reference has been added. Written in RevTex4. The paper is being accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D. The size of the manuscript was reduced considerably
MPEC 2024-A63 : 2024 AH1
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2024 AH1

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Key factors influencing gelation in plant vs. animal proteins: A comparative mini-review
Creators: name: Khalesi, Mohammadreza
name: Glenn-Davi, Kyeesha
name: Mohammadi, Nima
name: Fitzgerald, Richard
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 31
subject: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: This review presents a comparative analysis of gelation properties in plant-based versus animal-based proteins, emphasizing key factors such as pH, ionic environment, temperature, and anti-nutritional factors. Gelation, a crucial process in food texture formation, is influenced by these factors in varying ways for plant and animal proteins. Animal proteins, like casein, whey, meat, and egg, generally show stable gelation properties, responding predictably to pH, temperature, and ionic changes. In contrast, plant proteins such as soy, pea, wheat, and oilseed show more variable gelation, often requiring specific conditions, like the presence of NaCl or optimal pH, to form effective gels. Animal proteins tend to gel more reliably, while plant proteins require precise environmental adjustments for similar results. Understanding these factors is crucial for selecting and processing proteins to achieve desired textures and functionalities in food products. This review highlights how changing these key factors can optimize gel properties in both plant- and animal-based proteins
Stress distribution at the AlN/SiC heterointerface probed by Raman spectroscopy
Creators: name: Breev, I. D.
name: Likhachev, K. V.
name: Yakovleva, V. V.
name: Hübner, R.
name: Astakhov, G. V.
name: Baranov, P. G.
name: Mokhov, E. N.
name: Anisimov, A. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We grow AlN/4H-SiC and AlN/6H-SiC heterostructures by physical vapor deposition and characterize the heterointerface with nanoscale resolution. Furthermore, we investigate the spatial stress and strain distribution in these heterostructures using confocal Raman spectroscopy. We measure the spectral shifts of various vibrational Raman modes across the heterointerface and along the entire depth of the 4H- and 6H-SiC layers. Using the earlier experimental prediction for the phonon-deformation potential constants, we determine the stress tensor components in SiC as a function of the distance from the AlN/SiC heterointerface. In spite that the lattice parameter of SiC is smaller than that of AlN, the SiC layers are compressively strained at the heterointerface. This counterintuitive behavior is explained by different coefficients of thermal expansion of SiC and AlN when the heterostructures are cooled from growth to room temperature. The compressive stress values are maximum at the heterointerface, approaching one GPa, and relaxes to the equilibrium value on the scale of several tens of microns from the heterointerface.
description: 19 pages, 6 figures, 3 table
TAPHONOMIC ANALYSIS OF THE LATE EARLY PLEISTOCENE BONE REMAINS FROM BUIA (DANDIERO BASIN, DANAKIL DEPRESSION, ERITREA):EVIDENCE FOR LARGE MAMMAL AND REPTILE BUTCHERING
Creators: name: FIORE, IVANA
name: BONDIOLI, LUCA
name: COPPA, ALFREDO
name: MACCHIARELLI, ROBERTO
name: RUSSOM, REZENE
name: KASHAY, HABTOM
name: SOLOMON, TEKESTE
name: ROOK, LORENZO
name: LIBSEKAL, YOSIEF
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2004

description: The Early Pleistocene sedimentary succession of the Dandiero (Buia) Basin (Danakil Depression, Eritrea) has preserved a rich paleontological, paleoanthropological, and archeological record circa one million years old. Fieldwork undertaken between 1995 and 2003 led to the collection of fossil vertebrate remains now stored at the National Museum of Eritrea. Bones were recovered in different localities of the Dandiero Basin, where abundant archaeological and paleontological remains outcrop from the eroded sediments. The faunal collection of 436 animal bones from the Buia Basin, mostly derived from Uadi Aalad area, have undergone taphonomic analysis. Even though bone surfaces are poorly preserved due to abrasion, our work demonstrates carcass exploitation. Some specimens, mostly representing Hippopotamus gorgops and medium- to large-sized bovids, show traces of butchering left by stone tools. We also document, as far as we know for the first time, a single case of butchering involving a femur of a crocodile.
description: Rivista italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia, Supplement
Improved superposition schemes for approximate multi-caloron configurations
Creators: name: Gerhold, Philipp
name: Ilgenfritz, Ernst-Michael
name: Müller-Preussker, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two improved superposition schemes for the construction of approximate multi-caloron-anticaloron configurations, using exact single (anti)caloron gauge fields as underlying building blocks, are introduced in this paper. The first improvement deals with possible monopole-Dirac string interactions between different calorons with non-trivial holonomy. The second one, based on the ADHM formalism, improves the (anti-)selfduality in the case of small caloron separations. It conforms with Shuryak's well-known ratio-ansatz when applied to instantons. Both superposition techniques provide a higher degree of (anti-)selfduality than the widely used sum-ansatz, which simply adds the (anti)caloron vector potentials in an appropriate gauge. Furthermore, the improved configurations (when discretized onto a lattice) are characterized by a higher stability when they are exposed to lattice cooling techniques.
description: New version accepted for publication in Nucl. Phys. B. Text partly shortened, changes in the introduction, new results added on the comparison with exact solutions
Η σημασία του χάρτη θεμελιωδών δικαιωμάτων της ΕΕ για την αναβάθμιση του επιπέδου της ένδικης προστασίας των θεμελιωδών δικαιωμάτων εντός αυτής σε συνάρτηση με την ερμηνεία και εφαρμογή από το δικαστή των οριζόντιων ρητρών των αρ. 52-53
Creators: name: Ιωαννίδου, Ελένη Γεωργίου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2007
Subjects: Χάρτης θεμελιωδών δικαιωμάτων της ΕΕ
Ευρωπαϊκή Ενωση
Θεμελιώδη δικαιώματα
Δικαστήριο Ευρωπαϊκών Κοινοτήτων
Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU
European Union
Fundamental rights
European court of justice

description: Κατά την επιτέλεση του πρωταγωνιστικού του ρόλου στην παροχή ένδικης προστασίας υπό όρους θεμελιωδών δικαιωμάτων εντός της Ευρωπαϊκής Ένωσης, το ΔΕΚ έχει κατηγορηθεί για ανεπάρκεια του διαμορφούμενου επιπέδου προστασίας. Η υιοθέτηση των γενικών αρχών ως μεθοδολογικού εργαλείου για την αναγνώριση των θεμελιωδών δικαιωμάτων στο κοινοτικό δίκαιο, έχει οδηγήσει στην ελλειμματική προστασία τους και στη διαπίστωση της κατά κάποιον τρόπο εργαλειακής χρήσης τους προς επίτευξη των στόχων της οικονομικής ολοκλήρωσης. Την υπέρβαση των ελλειμμάτων αυτών περιέχει ως δυνατότητα ο Χάρτης, όπως αποκαλύπτει η ερμηνεία των οριζοντίων ρητρών του, ιδίως των άρ.52§3 και 53, που κατοχυρώνουν την ΕΣΔΑ ως το ελάχιστο επίπεδο προστασίας και εισάγουν τη ρήτρα της επικράτησης της ευνοϊκότερης ρύθμισης. Η επίτευξη, ωστόσο, στην πράξη της αναβαθμισμένης αυτής προστασίας συνδέεται με την ουσιαστική εφαρμογή του άρ.53, δηλαδή την παροχή της μέγιστης προστασίας που ανευρίσκεται σε οποιοδήποτε κράτος μέλος. Αυτήν μπορεί να εμποδίσουν φόβοι για την αυτονομία και υπεροχή του κοινοτικού δικαίου αλλά και κάποιες αντιφατικές τάσεις που περιέχει ο ίδιος ο Χάρτης. Όμως η επιδίωξή της είναι εφικτή -και από τη μεριά του εθνικού δικαστή- και αναγκαία, εφόσον μάλιστα η Ένωση ισχυρίζεται ότι αναγνωρίζει τις αρχές της δημοκρατίας και του κράτους δικαίου.
description: This paper examines the impact of the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights on the EU system of their judicial protection : it examines the main problems related to it, it focuses on the way articles 52-53 promise to address these problems and it concludes that the charter may be a response, in so far ECJ is willing to adopt the highest standards regardless of their origin
CHARACTERIZATION OF LITHIC COMPLEXES FROM BUIA (DANDIERO BASIN, DANAKIL DEPRESSION, ERITREA)
Creators: name: MARTINI, FABIO
name: LIBSEKAL, YOSIEF
name: FILIPPI, OMAR
name: GHEBRE/HER, ASMERET
name: KASHAY, HABTOM
name: KIROS, ASMERET
name: MARTINO, GABRIELE
name: OKUBATSION, DAWIT
name: SEGID, AMAHA
name: SOLOMON, TEKESTE
name: TEKA, ZELALEM
name: YOSIEF, DESSALE
name: YAMANE, SAMUEL
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2004

description: This paper discusses a very partial sampling of the archeological evidence found in more than 200 sites containing lithic artefacts and faunal remains which have been surveyed in the Dandiero (Buia) Basin (Danakil Depression, Eritrea). All the lithic complexes are referred to the Acheulean. The authors present the results of  a preliminary study carried on some of the most important assemblages, especially the complex referred to the Homo-bearing levels. The lithic assemblages are characterized by different frequencies of hand-axes, cleavers, choppers and flakes. The techno-typological characters of the artefacts, all of which coform to an Acheulean standard, allow us to propose some preliminary hypotheses about their variability. The analyzed assemblages are then compared to the Early Paleolithic lithic complexes in east Africa.
description: Rivista italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia, Supplement
How T-invariance violation leads to an enhanced backscattering with increasing openness of a wave-chaotic system
Creators: name: Bialous, Malgorzata
name: Dietz, Barbara
name: Sirko, Leszek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the experimental investigation of the dependence of the elastic enhancement, i.e., enhancement of scattering in backward direction over scattering in other directions of a wave-chaotic system with partially violated time-reversal (T ) invariance on its openness. The elastic enhancement factor is a characteristic of quantum chaotic scattering which is of particular importance in experiments, like compound-nuclear reactions, where only cross sections, i.e., the moduli of the associated scattering matrix elements are accessible. In the experiment a quantum billiard with the shape of a quarter bow-tie, which generates a chaotic dynamics, is emulated by a flat microwave cavity. Partial T-invariance violation of varying strength 0 < xi < 1 is induced by two magnetized ferrites. The openness is controlled by increasing the number M of open channels, 2 < M < 9, while keeping the internal absorption unchanged. We investigate the elastic enhancement as function of xi and find that for a fixed M it decreases with increasing time-reversal invariance violation, whereas it increases with increasing openness beyond a certain value of xi > 0.2. The latter result is surprising because it is opposite to that observed in systems with preserved T invariance (xi = 0). We come to the conclusion that the effect of T -invariance violation on the elastic enhancement then dominates over the openness, which is crucial for experiments which rely on enhanced backscattering, since, generally, a decrease of the openness is unfeasible. Motivated by these experimental results we, furthermore, performed theoretical investigations based on random matrix theory which confirm our findings.
Quantum Secret Sharing Schemes and Reversibility of Quantum Operations
Creators: name: Ogawa, Tomohiro
name: Sasaki, Akira
name: Iwamoto, Mitsugu
name: Yamamoto, Hirosuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum secret sharing schemes encrypting a quantum state into a multipartite entangled state are treated. The lower bound on the dimension of each share given by Gottesman [Phys. Rev. A \textbf{61}, 042311 (2000)] is revisited based on a relation between the reversibility of quantum operations and the Holevo information. We also propose a threshold ramp quantum secret sharing scheme and evaluate its coding efficiency.
description: 8 pages
Magnetic Order and Spin Dynamics in Ferroelectric HoMnO$_{3}$
Creators: name: Vajk, O. P.
name: Kenzelmann, M.
name: Lynn, J. W.
name: Kim, S. B.
name: Cheong, S. -W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hexagonal HoMnO$_{3}$ is a frustrated antiferromagnet (T$_{N}$=72 K) ferroelectric (T$_{C}$=875 K) in which these two order parameters are coupled. Our neutron measurements of the spin wave dispersion for the S=2 Mn$^{3+}$ on the layered triangular lattice are well described by a two-dimensional nearest-neighbor Heisenberg exchange J=2.44 meV, and an anisotropy $D$ that is 0.093 meV above the spin reorientation transition at 40 K, and 0.126 meV below. For $H\parallel c$ the magnetic structures and phase diagram have been determined, and reveal additional transitions below 8 K where the ferroelectrically displaced Ho$^{3+}$ ions are ordered magnetically.
description: To be published in Physical Review Letters
THE LATE EARLY PLEISTOCENE HUMAN REMAINS FROM BUIA, DANAKIL DEPRESSION, ERITREA
Creators: name: MACCHIARELLI, ROBERTO
name: BONDIOLI, LUCA
name: CHECH, MARIO
name: COPPA, ALFREDO
name: FIORE, IVANA
name: RUSSOM, REZENE
name: VECCHI, FRANCESCO
name: LIBSEKAL, YOSIEF
name: ROOK, LORENZO
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2004

description: The Early Pleistocene sedimentary succession of the Dandiero (Buia) Basin (Danakil Depression, Eritrea) has preserved a rich paleontological, paleoanthropological, and archeological record. Fieldwork undertaken between 1995 and 2003 on a site at Uadi Aalad (Abbate et al. 1998) led to the discovery of one-million-year-old human remains. They consist of a cranium in excellent preservation condition (UA-31), two permanent teeth (UA-222 and UA-369), and three pelvic portions (UA-173, UA-405 and UA-466, the latter recovered on 2003). The cranium and the postcranial remains represent a single adult individual, likely of female sex. The cranium evidences a blend of "erectus-like" and progressive morpho-architectural features, the latter more commonly found in the Middle Pleistocene. Preparation and restoration of the specimens (notably, of the virtually complete UA-31 face) were only completed on September 2003. The revision, refinement, and integration of our previous analytical and interpretative work (cf. Abbate et al. 1998; Macchiarelli et al. 2002) is in progress within the context of the paleoanthropological reord currently available for the African Early to Middle Pleistocene.
description: Rivista italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia, Supplement
FIRST DISCOVERY OF MIDDLE TOURNAISIAN CONODONTS IN THE GRIOTTE-TYPE NODULAR PELAGIC LIMESTONES, ISTANBUL AREA, NW TURKEY
Creators: name: CEMAL GÖNCÜOGLU, M.
name: BONCHEVA, ILIANA
name: GÖNCÜOGLU, YAKUT
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2004

description: The uppermost layers of the Ayineburnu member of the Büyükada Formation in the Istanbul-Gebze area are represented by Griotte-type pelagic nodular limestones. They yielded conodont elements (Bispathodus stabilis and Siphonodella lobata) that can identify the interval from the upper part of the sandbergi Zone through the isosticha- Upper crenulata Zone - middle Tournaisian - Early Carboniferous. This is the first middle Tournaisian conodont record published from an autochthonous succession in the Istanbul Terrane, NW Turkey. This level characterizes the very last carbonate deposition and is followed by lydites and black siliceous shales and finally by the accumulation of flysch-type deposits during the late Tournaisian and early Visean, that mark the onset of Variscan events to the north of the Istanbul Terrane. A correlation with the Lower Carboniferous successions in the easterly-located Zonguldak area suggests that Istanbul and Zonguldak terranes were in quite different palaeogeographic positions during this time interval.
description: Rivista italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia, Vol 110, No 2
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF METACOGNITIVE STRATEGIES IN ENHANCING FORMATIVE ASSESSMENT FEEDBACK IN UNIVERSITY-LEVEL LANGUAGE EDUCATION
Creators: name: Khakimxodjayev, Nodir
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: this thesis explores the effectiveness of metacognitive strategies in enhancing formative assessment feedback in university-level language education. Metacognitive strategies, which involve students' awareness and regulation of their cognitive processes, play a crucial role in fostering self-regulation and improving learning outcomes. In the context of formative assessment, which provides ongoing feedback to guide students’ learning, the integration of metacognitive strategies can significantly enhance students' ability to engage with and apply feedback. The study aims to investigate how metacognitive strategies impact students' responses to formative assessments and how such strategies can be integrated into the feedback process to improve learning outcomes.
MPEC 2024-T211 : 2024 TZ6
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2024 TZ6

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.