cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Control of renin gene expression in 2 kidney-1 clip rats
Creators: name: Schricker, K.
name: Holmer, S.
name: Krämer, Bernhard K.
name: Riegger, G.
name: Kurtz, Armin
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin
subject: Animals
subject: Arginine/pharmacology
subject: Denervation
subject: Disease Models, Animal
subject: Furosemide/pharmacology
subject: Gene Expression Regulation/drug effects
subject: Hypertension, Renovascular/genetics
subject: Kidney/metabolism
subject: Male
subject: Meclofenamic Acid/pharmacology
subject: NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester
subject: Nitric Oxide/antagonists & inhibitors
subject: Prostaglandin Antagonists
subject: RNA, Messenger/metabolism
subject: Ramipril/pharmacology
subject: Rats
subject: Rats, Sprague-Dawley
subject: Renin/genetics

description: This study was done to investigate the mechanisms that underly the changes of renal renin gene expression upon hypoperfusion of one kidney. To this end the left renal arteries of male Sprague-Dawley rats were clipped with 0.2 mm silver clips and renal renin mRNA levels were assayed by RNase protection during the first ten days after clipping. Unilateral reduction of renal blood flow led to transient maximal fivefold increases of renin mRNA levels in the clipped kidneys and to sustained suppression of renin gene expression to 20% of the control value in the contralateral intact kidneys. Inhibition of prostaglandin (PG) formation by meclofenamate or EDRF synthesis by L-NAME markedly attenuated the increase of renin mRNA levels in response to clipping, and a combination of PG/EDRF inhibition almost abolished the increase of renin mRNA levels. Inhibition of PG/EDRF formation did not change the suppression of renin mRNA levels in the contralateral intact kidneys. Neither did renal denervation nor inhibition of macula densa function by furosemide prevent the suppression of renin gene expression in response to unilateral renal artery clipping. Only converting enzyme inhibition by ramipril and blockade of Ang II-AT1 receptors by losartan attenuated the decrease of renin mRNA levels in the contralaterals to clipped kidneys. These findings suggest that intact PG and EDRF synthesis represent stimulatory signals for renin gene expression that are required for the elevation of renin mRNA levels upon unilateral renal hypoperfusion.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
An Efficient Contact Algorithm for Rigid/Deformable Interaction based on the Dual Mortar Method
Creators: name: Carvalho, R. Pinto
name: Carneiro, A. M. Couto
name: Pires, F. M. Andrade
name: Popp, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In a wide range of practical problems, such as forming operations and impact tests, assuming that one of the contacting bodies is rigid is an excellent approximation to the physical phenomenon. In this work, the well-established dual mortar method is adopted to enforce interface constraints in the finite deformation frictionless contact of rigid and deformable bodies. The efficiency of the nonlinear contact algorithm proposed here is based on two main contributions. Firstly, a variational formulation of the method using the so-called Petrov-Galerkin scheme is investigated, as it unlocks a significant simplification by removing the need to explicitly evaluate the dual basis functions. The corresponding first-order dual mortar interpolation is presented in detail. Particular focus is, then, placed on the extension for second-order interpolation by employing a piecewise linear interpolation scheme, which critically retains the geometrical information of the finite element mesh. Secondly, a new definition for the nodal orthonormal moving frame attached to each contact node is suggested. It reduces the geometrical coupling between the nodes and consequently decreases the stiffness matrix bandwidth. The proposed contributions decrease the computational complexity of dual mortar methods for rigid/deformable interaction, especially in the three-dimensional setting, while preserving accuracy and robustness.
Endothelium-mediated regulation of renin secretion
Creators: name: Krämer, Bernhard K.
name: Ritthaler, T.
name: Ackermann, M.
name: Holmer, S.
name: Schricker, K.
name: Riegger, G. A.
name: Kurtz, Armin
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin
subject: Animals
subject: Cattle
subject: Cells, Cultured
subject: Endothelins/physiology
subject: Endothelium, Vascular/physiology
subject: Forskolin/pharmacology
subject: Juxtaglomerular Apparatus/secretion
subject: Mice
subject: Nitric Oxide/physiology
subject: Nitroprusside/pharmacology
subject: Renin/secretion

description: The aim of the present study was to investigate the endothelial influence on renin secretion of isolated juxtaglomerular cells. Specifically the role of nitric oxide (NO) and of endothelin was studied. Coculture of primary cultures of juxtaglomerular cells with aortic and microvascular endothelial cells decreased renin secretion. Inhibition of NO formation by absence of l-arginine or presence of N omega-nitro-l-arginine caused a marked decrease in cGMP accumulation and a reduction in renin secretion in cocultures. Exogenous NO (NO liberators sodium nitroprusside/SIN 1) stimulated the 20-hour renin secretion from juxtaglomerular cells markedly, too. The effect of NO on renin secretion was biphasic: short-time inhibition and long-time stimulation of renin release. NO's stimulatory effect on renin secretion is dependent on extracellular calcium, but independent on cAMP or cGMP accumulation. Endothelin 1, 2, and 3 did not affect basal renin secretion, but inhibited cAMP stimulated renin release to a similar extent. Endothelin's action is not mediated via the subtype A endothelin receptor, but seems to involve calcium mobilization in juxtaglomerular cells that is dependent on extracellular calcium and associated with prominent calcium activated chloride channels. Taken together, coculture of juxtaglomerular cells with endothelial cells inhibits renin secretion despite the stimulatory effect of native NO released from endothelial cells. cAMP stimulated renin secretion is inhibited by all three endothelin isoforms thus contributing to the inhibition of renin secretion in coculture.
Die intraoperative maschinelle Autotransfusion: Untersuchung des abgesaugten Blutes vor Retransfusion (Bemerkungen zur Arbeit von E. Turner et al)
Creators: name: Hansen, Ernil
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1985
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin

description: Bemerkungen/comment
Points in general relativistic shock wave interaction are “regularity singularities” where spacetime is not locally flat
Creators: name: Reintjes, Moritz
name: Temple, Blake
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: 510 Mathematik

description: We show that the regularity of the gravitational metric tensor in spher- ically symmetric spacetimes cannot be lifted from C0,1 to C1,1 within the class of C1,1 coordinate transformations in a neighborhood of a point of shock wave inter- action in General Relativity, without forcing the determinant of the metric tensor to vanish at the point of interaction. This is in contrast to Israel’s Theorem [5] which states that such coordinate transformations always exist in a neighborhood of a point on a smooth single shock surface. The results thus imply that points of shock wave interaction represent a new kind of singularity for perfect fluids evolving in spacetime, singularities that make perfectly good sense physically, that can form from the evolution of smooth initial data, but at which the spacetime is not locally Minkowskian under any coordinate transformation. In particular, at such singu- larities, delta function sources in the second derivatives of the gravitational metric tensor exist in all coordinate systems of the C1,1 atlas, but due to cancelation, the curvature tensor remains uniformly bounded.
Constraining the strangeness content of the nucleon by measuring the $ϕ$ meson mass shift in nuclear matter
Creators: name: Gubler, Philipp
name: Ohtani, Keisuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The behavior of the $ϕ$ meson at finite density is studied, making use of a QCD sum rule approach in combination with the maximum entropy method. It is demonstrated that a possible mass shift of the $ϕ$ in nuclear matter is strongly correlated to the strangeness content of the nucleon, which is proportional to the strange sigma term, $σ_{sN} = m_s \langle N | \overline{s}s | N \rangle$. Our results furthermore show that, depending on the value of $σ_{sN}$, the $ϕ$ meson could receive both a positive or negative mass shift at nuclear matter density. We find that these results depend only weakly on potential modifications of the width of the $ϕ$ meson peak and on assumptions made on the behavior of four-quark condensates at finite density. To check the stability of our findings, we take into account several higher order corrections to the operator product expansion, including $α_s$-corrections, terms of higher order in the strange quark mass and terms of higher twist that have not been considered in earlier works.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures; minor changes, version published in PRD
The Australian Seasonal Workers Program: Timor-Leste's Case
Creators: name: Thu, Pyone Myat
name: Da Silva, Ismenio Martins
Publisher: name: Canberra, ACT : Coral Bell School of Asia Pacific Affairs, College of Asia and the Pacific, The Australian National University
Year: 2013

description: The Seasonal Workers Program (SWP) is an Australian Government labour mobility initiative started in 2008 to meet seasonal labour shortages by recruiting workers from Timor-Leste, Kiribati, Nauru, Papua New Guinea, Samoa, Solomon Islands, Tonga, Tuvalu, and Vanuatu for the horticulture sector and four trial sectors: accommodation, aquaculture, cotton, and sugar cane industries. This In Brief explores Timor-Leste's participation in the SWP and the experiences of East Timorese workers in the accommodation and horticulture sectors.
A study of PT-symmetric Non-linear Schroedinger Equation
Creators: name: Reddy, K. Nireekshan
name: Modak, Subhrajit
name: Abhinav, Kumar
name: Panigrahi, Prasanta K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Systems governed by the Non-linear Schroedinger Equation (NLSE) with various external PT-symmetric potentials are considered. Exact solutions have been obtained for the same through the method of ansatz, some of them being solitonic in nature. It is found that only the unbroken PT-symmetric phase is realized in these systems, characterized by real energies.
description: 6 pages
Existence result for a nonlocal viscous Cahn-Hillard equation with a degenerate mobility
Creators: name: Farshbaf-Shaker, Hassan
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Nonlocal phase separation models, viscous phase separation models, Cahn- Hilliard equation, integrodifferential equations, initial value problems, nonlinear evolution equations.
subject: 510 Mathematik
subject: 80A22
subject: 35B50
subject: 45K05
subject: 35K20
subject: 35K45
subject: 35K55
subject: 35K65
subject: 47J35

description: We study a diffusion model of phase field type, consisting of a system of two partial differential equations of second order for the particle densities and the viscosity variable, coupled by a nonlocal drift term. We prove the existence of variational solutions in standard Hilbert spaces for the evolution system by a careful development of uniform estimates and applying finally a comparison principle.
A Lorentzian quantum geometry
Creators: name: Finster, Felix
name: Grotz, Andreas
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: 510 Mathematik

description: We propose a formulation of a Lorentzian quantum geometry based on the framework of causal fermion systems. After giving the general definition of causal fermion systems, we deduce space-time as a topological space with an underlying causal structure. Restricting attention to systems of spin dimension two, we derive the objects of our quantum geometry: the spin space, the tangent space endowed with a Lorentzian metric, connection and curvature. In order to get the correspondence to differential geometry, we construct examples of causal fermion systems by regularizing Dirac sea configurations in Minkowski space and on a globally hyperbolic Lorentzian manifold. When removing the regularization, the objects of our quantum geometry reduce precisely to the common objects of Lorentzian spin geometry, up to higher order curvature corrections.
Impact of dietary supplementation of l-Arginine, l-Glutamine, and the combination of both on nursing performance of multiparous sows
Creators: name: Wessels, Anna G.
name: Simongiovanni, Aude
name: Zentek, Jürgen
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: arginine
subject: glutamine
subject: lactating sow
subject: nursing performance
subject: piglet
subject: weaning homogeneity
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::630 Landwirtschaft::630 Landwirtschaft und verwandte Bereiche

description: Dietary supplementation with arginine (Arg) or glutamine (Gln) has been considered as an option to improve nursing performance in reproductive sows. This study investigated whether a low-level supplementation of Arg or Gln or a blend of both could modify milk nutrients and improve piglets’ growth beyond weaning. Seventy-two multiparous sows were assigned to four groups: one group fed a control diet, three treatment groups fed the control diet supplemented with either 0.35% Arg, 0.35% Gln, or both, from day 108 of gestation until weaning at day 26 of lactation. Immediately after birth, the litters were cross fostered to 13 piglets and monitored until 2 wk after weaning. Sows body condition and litter growth were assessed. Colostrum and milk samples were collected for nutrient analyses. Plasma concentrations of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) around weaning were determined in sows and two representative piglets per litter. Supplementing Gln or the combination of Arg and Gln had no effect on the parameters studied. Arg supplementation increased weaning weight, while decreasing the variation of piglet weights 2 wk after weaning. There was no correlation with plasma IGF-1 since the hormone was not altered in sows or piglets. The colostral concentration of fat tended to increase in the Arg-group, whereas protein, lactose, energy, and polyamine concentrations remained unaffected. Milk samples obtained on day 12 and 25 of lactation were not influenced by dietary treatment. The data indicate that there might be a window of opportunity, explicitly at the onset of lactation, for dietary intervention by maternal dietary Arg supplementation.
Off-center observers versus supernovae in inhomogeneous pressure universes
Creators: name: Balcerzak, Adam
name: Dabrowski, Mariusz P.
name: Denkiewicz, Tomasz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Exact luminosity distance and apparent magnitude formulas are applied to Union2 557 supernovae sample in order to constrain possible position of an observer outside of the center of symmetry in spherically symmetric inhomogeneous pressure Stephani universes which are complementary to inhomogeneous density Lemaître-Tolman-Bondi (LTB) void models. Two specific models are investigated. The first which allows a barotropic equation of state at the center of symmetry with no scale factor function being specified (model IIA), and the second which has no barotropic equation of state at the center, but has an explicit dust-like scale factor evolution (model IIB). It is shown that even at $3σ$ CL, an off-center observer cannot be further than about 4.4 Gpc away from the center of symmetry which is comparable to the reported size of a void in LTB models with the most likely value of the distance from the center about 341 Mpc for model IIA and 68 Mpc for model IIB. The off-center observer cannot be farther away from the center than about 577 Mpc for model IIB at $3σ$ CL. It is evaluated that the best-fit parameters which characterize inhomogeneity are: $Ω_{inh} = 0.77$ (dimensionless - model IIA) and $α= 7.31 \cdot 10^{-9}$ $(s/km)^{2/3} Mpc^{-4/3}$ (model IIB).
description: 24 pages, 7 figures, AAS LATEX 5.2, version to appear in Astroph. Journal
Progressive myocardial injury in myotonic dystrophy type II and facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy 1: a cardiovascular magnetic resonance follow-up study
Creators: name: Blaszczyk, Edyta
name: Lim, Carolin
name: Kellman, Peter
name: Schmacht, Luisa
name: Gröschel, Jan
name: Spuler, Simone
name: Schulz-Menger, Jeanette
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Magnetic Resonance Imaging
subject: Facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy type 1
subject: Myotonic dystrophy type 2
subject: Fat
subject: Fibrosis
subject: Remodeling
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Aim: Muscular dystrophy (MD) is a progressive disease with predominantly muscular symptoms. Myotonic dystrophy type II (MD2) and facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy type 1 (FSHD1) are gaining an increasing awareness, but data on cardiac involvement are conflicting. The aim of this study was to determine a progression of cardiac remodeling in both entities by applying cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) and evaluate its potential relation to arrhythmias as well as to conduction abnormalities. Methods and results: 83 MD2 and FSHD1 patients were followed. The participation was 87% in MD2 and 80% in FSHD1. 1.5 T CMR was performed to assess functional parameters as well as myocardial tissue characterization applying T1 and T2 mapping, fat/water-separated imaging and late gadolinium enhancement. Focal fibrosis was detected in 23% of MD2) and 33% of FSHD1 subjects and fat infiltration in 32% of MD2 and 28% of FSHD1 subjects, respectively. The incidence of all focal findings was higher at follow-up. T2 decreased, whereas native T1 remained stable. Global extracellular volume fraction (ECV) decreased similarly to the fibrosis volume while the total cell volume remained unchanged. All patients with focal fibrosis showed a significant increase in left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes. An increase of arrhythmic events was observed. All patients with ventricular arrhythmias had focal myocardial changes and an increased volume of both ventricles (LV end-diastolic volume (EDV) p = 0.003, RVEDV p = 0.031). Patients with supraventricular tachycardias had a significantly higher left atrial volume (p = 0.047). Conclusion: We observed a remarkably fast and progressive decline of cardiac morphology and function as well as a progression of rhythm disturbances, even in asymptomatic patients with a potential association between an increase in arrhythmias and progression of myocardial tissue damage, such as focal fibrosis and fat infiltration, exists. These results suggest that MD2 and FSHD1 patients should be carefully followed-up to identify early development of remodeling and potential risks for the development of further cardiac events even in the absence of symptoms.
Uncertainty principle via variational calculus on modulation spaces
Creators: name: Dias, Nuno Costa
name: Luef, Franz
name: Prata, João Nuno
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We approach uncertainty principles of Cowling-Price-Heis-\\enberg-type as a variational principle on modulation spaces. In our discussion we are naturally led to compact localization operators with symbols in modulation spaces. The optimal constant in these uncertainty principles is the smallest eigenvalue of the inverse of a compact localization operator. The Euler-Lagrange equations for the associated functional provide equations for the eigenfunctions of the smallest eigenvalue of these compact localization operators. As a by-product of our proofs we derive a generalization to mixed-norm spaces of an inequality for Wigner and Ambiguity functions due do Lieb.
description: 26 pages, to appear in J. Funct. Anal
Higher congruence companion forms
Creators: name: Adibhatla, Rajender
name: Manoharmayum, Jayanta
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: 510 Mathematik

description: For a rational prime p � 3 we consider p-ordinary, Hilbert modular newforms f of weight k � 2 with associated p-adic Galois representations �f and mod pn reductions �f;n. Under suitable hypotheses on the size of the image, we use deformation theory and modularity lifting to show that if the restrictions of �f;n to decomposition groups above p split then f has a companion form g modulo pn (in the sense that �f;n � �g;n �k
Hand grip strength and fatigability: correlation with clinical parameters and diagnostic suitability in ME/CFS
Creators: name: Jäkel, Bianka
name: Kedor, Claudia
name: Grabowski, Patricia
name: Wittke, Kirsten
name: Thiel, Silvia
name: Scherbakov, Nadja
name: Doehner, Wolfram
name: Scheibenbogen, Carmen
name: Freitag, Helma
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Myalgic encephalomyelitis
subject: chronic fatigue syndrome
subject: Diagnostic
subject: Handgrip
subject: Muscular fatigue
subject: Muscle strength
subject: Muscular recovery
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Background: Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) is a complex and debilitating disease accompanied by muscular fatigue and pain. A functional measure to assess muscle fatigability of ME/CFS patients is, however, not established in clinical routine. The aim of this study is to evaluate by assessing repeat maximum handgrip strength (HGS), muscle fatigability as a diagnostic tool and its correlation with clinical parameters. Methods: We assessed the HGS of 105 patients with ME/CFS, 18 patients with Cancer related fatigue (CRF) and 66 healthy controls (HC) using an electric dynamometer assessing maximal (Fmax) and mean force (Fmean) of ten repetitive measurements. Results were correlated with clinical parameters, creatinine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Further, maximum isometric quadriceps strength measurement was conducted in eight ME/CFS patients and eight HC. Results: ME/CFS patients have a significantly lower Fmax and Fmean HGS compared to HC (p < 0.0001). Further, Fatigue Ratio assessing decline in strength during repeat maximal HGS measurement (Fmax/Fmean) was higher (p <= 0.0012). The Recovery Ratio after an identical second testing 60 min later was significantly lower in ME/CFS compared to HC (Fmean2/Fmean1; p <= 0.0020). Lower HGS parameters correlated with severity of disease, post-exertional malaise and muscle pain and with higher CK and LDH levels after exertion. Conclusion: Repeat HGS assessment is a sensitive diagnostic test to assess muscular fatigue and fatigability and an objective measure to assess disease severity in ME/CFS.
A relaxation approach to vector-valued Allen-Cahn MPEC problems
Creators: name: Farshbaf-Shaker, Hassan
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Vector-valued Allen-Cahn system, parabolic bi-obstacle problems, MPECs, mathematical programs with complementarity constraints, optimality conditions.
subject: 510 Mathematik
subject: 34G25
subject: 35K86
subject: 65K10
subject: 49J20
subject: 35R35

description: In this paper we consider a vector-valued Allen-Cahn MPEC problem. To derive optimality conditions we exploit a regularization-relaxation technique. The optimality system of the regularized-relaxed subproblems are investigated by applying the classical result of Zowe and Kurcyusz. Finally we show that the stationary points of the regularizedrelaxed subproblems converge to weak stationary points of the limit problem.
Morphology and Electronic Properties of Incipient Soot by Scanning Tunneling Microscopy and Spectroscopy
Creators: name: Veronesi, Stefano
name: Commodo, Mario
name: Basta, Luca
name: De Falco, Gianluigi
name: Minutolo, Patrizia
name: Kateris, Nikolaos
name: Wang, Hai
name: D'Anna, Andrea
name: Heun, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Soot nucleation is one of the most complex and debated steps of the soot formation process in combustion. In this work, we used scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and spectroscopy (STS) to probe morphological and electronic properties of incipient soot particles formed right behind the flame front of a lightly sooting laminar premixed flame of ethylene and air. Particles were thermophoretically sampled on an atomically flat gold film on a mica substrate. High-resolution STM images of incipient soot particles were obtained for the first time showing the morphology of sub-5 nm incipient soot particles. High-resolution single-particle spectroscopic properties were measured confirming the semiconductor behavior of incipient soot particles with an electronic band gap ranging from 1.5 to 2 eV, consistent with earlier optical and spectroscopic observations.
Local ab initio methods for calculating optical band gaps in periodic systems. I. Periodic density fitted local configuration interaction singles method for polymers
Creators: name: Lorenz, Marco
name: Usvyat, Denis
name: Schütz, Martin
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: ab initio calculations; energy gap; excitons; HF calculations; optical constants; orbital calculations; periodic structures; polymers; tight-binding calculations
subject: 530 Physik
subject: 540 Chemie
subject: 71.20.Rv
subject: 71.15.Ap
subject: 71.35.-y
subject: 78.20.Ci

description: We present a density fitted local configuration interaction singles (CIS) method for calculating optical band gaps in 1D-periodic systems. The method is based on the Davidson diagonalization procedure, carried out in the reciprocal space. The one-electron part of the matrix–vector products is also evaluated in the reciprocal space, where the diagonality of the Fock matrix can be exploited. The contraction of the CIS vectors with the two electron integrals is performed in the direct space in the basis of localized occupied (Wannier) and virtual (projected atomic) orbitals. The direct space approach allows to utilize the sparsity of the integrals due to the local representation and locality of the exciton. The density fitting approximation employed for the two electron integrals reduces the nominal scaling with unit cell size to O(N4). Test calculations on a series of prototypical systems demonstrate that the method in its present stage can be used to calculate the excitonic band gaps of polymers with up to a few dozens of atoms in the cell. The computational cost depends on the locality of the exciton, but even relatively delocalized excitons occurring in the polybiphenyl in the parallel orientation, can be routinely treated with this method.
ОПТИМИЗАЦИЯ ЗАКУПОЧНЫХ ПРОЦЕССОВ КАК ФАКТОР ПОВЫШЕНИЯ ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ ПРОЕКТНОГО УПРАВЛЕНИЯ В УЗБЕКИСТАНЕ
Creators: name: Маматханова, Маъмура
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Статья анализирует оптимизацию закупочной деятельности как инструмент повышения эффективности управления проектами в Узбекистане. Основное внимание уделяется идентификации основных проблем в текущей системе закупок и разработке конкретных рекомендаций для её улучшения. Исследуется потенциал внедрения электронных систем закупок, улучшения квалификации специалистов, стандартизации процессов, а также усиления контроля за закупками.
EM-driven unsupervised learning for efficient motion segmentation
Creators: name: Meunier, Etienne
name: Badoual, Anaïs
name: Bouthemy, Patrick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we present a CNN-based fully unsupervised method for motion segmentation from optical flow. We assume that the input optical flow can be represented as a piecewise set of parametric motion models, typically, affine or quadratic motion models. The core idea of our work is to leverage the Expectation-Maximization (EM) framework in order to design in a well-founded manner a loss function and a training procedure of our motion segmentation neural network that does not require either ground-truth or manual annotation. However, in contrast to the classical iterative EM, once the network is trained, we can provide a segmentation for any unseen optical flow field in a single inference step and without estimating any motion models. We investigate different loss functions including robust ones and propose a novel efficient data augmentation technique on the optical flow field, applicable to any network taking optical flow as input. In addition, our method is able by design to segment multiple motions. Our motion segmentation network was tested on four benchmarks, DAVIS2016, SegTrackV2, FBMS59, and MoCA, and performed very well, while being fast at test time.
description: Accepted to : IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence (TPAMI)
Analysis of velocity sedimentation techniques in cell separation. Influence of apparative and sample properties on separative power, resolution and sensitivity
Creators: name: Zeiller, K.
name: Hansen, Ernil
name: Leihener, D.
name: Pascher, G.
name: Wirth, H.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1976
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin
subject: Cell Separation/methods
subject: Densitometry
subject: Kinetics
subject: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Particle Size
subject: Viscosity

description: In the present investigation the velocity sedimentation technique was analysed with respect to separation resolution, power and sensitivity. It was found that apparative modifications do not influence the resolution, which is a function of the contribution of apparative errors to the dispersion. A surprisingly small parameter of 0.15 was determined and it seems unlikely that this value can be improved. On the other hand an apparative modification is presented which improves the separation power and makes sample loading independent of the gradient filling. If cells (from rat bone marrow) were separated, a several times higher dispersion for a given cell volume was observed than was due to the apparative error. It was concluded that density variations were the major source of this dispersion. Since cell volume and density apparently show independent variations within a biological cell population the cell density cannot be disregarded if velocity sedimentation profiles are discussed in physical terms as is often done.
BERN2: an advanced neural biomedical named entity recognition and normalization tool
Creators: name: Sung, Mujeen
name: Jeong, Minbyul
name: Choi, Yonghwa
name: Kim, Donghyeon
name: Lee, Jinhyuk
name: Kang, Jaewoo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In biomedical natural language processing, named entity recognition (NER) and named entity normalization (NEN) are key tasks that enable the automatic extraction of biomedical entities (e.g. diseases and drugs) from the ever-growing biomedical literature. In this article, we present BERN2 (Advanced Biomedical Entity Recognition and Normalization), a tool that improves the previous neural network-based NER tool by employing a multi-task NER model and neural network-based NEN models to achieve much faster and more accurate inference. We hope that our tool can help annotate large-scale biomedical texts for various tasks such as biomedical knowledge graph construction.
description: Published in Bioinformatics 2022. Web service available at http://bern2.korea.ac.kr. Code available at https://github.com/dmis-lab/BERN2
On a nonlocal viscous phase separation model
Creators: name: Farshbaf-Shaker, Hassan
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Nonlocal phase separation models; viscous phase separation models, Cahn- Hilliard equation; Integrodifferential equations ; Initial value problems; Nonlinear evolution equations.
subject: 510 Mathematik
subject: 80A22
subject: 35B40
subject: 35B50
subject: 45K05
subject: 35K20
subject: 35K45
subject: 35K55
subject: 35K65
subject: 47J35

description: A nonlocal viscous model of phase separation is presented. It is derived from a minimization of free energy containing a nonlocal part due to particle interaction. In contrast to the classical Cahn-Hilliard theory with higher order terms this leads to an evolution system of second order parabolic equations for the particle densities, coupled by nonlocal drift and viscosity terms, which allow reasonable bounds for the concentrations. Applying fixed-point arguments and compactness results we prove the existence of variational solutions in standard Hilbert spaces for evolution systems. Using the free energy as Lyapunov functional the asymptotic state of the system is investigated and characterized by a variational principle.
title: Development of Catalytic PolyHIPEs using MOFs for the hydrolysis of dipeptides
Creators: name: Watts, Toby Daniel
Publisher: name: University of Kent
Year: 2023

description: Metal Organic Frameworks (MOFs) are materials that have shown impressive catalytic activity in a variety of reactions. Poly high internal phase emulsions (PolyHIPEs) are highly porous templated networks that have shown the ability to store active catalysts within their pores. This work looks at the use of MOFs and polyHIPE-MOFs in the hydrolysis of diglycine in water and water/THF. MOF-808 is known to be one of the most effective MOFs in catalysis and has been used in a number of reactions. Therefore, it was decided that MOF-808 was the main focus in the hydrolysis studies, and would be subsequently embedded in the polyHIPE. The hydrolysis studies proved that MOF-808 was an extremely effective catalyst under a number of different conditions. The superabsorbent swelling ability of the polyHIPE made up of styrene and divinylbenzene was important in the hydrolysis studies, as the polymer was only effective when a 50:50 mixture of d-THF and D2O was used. This was evident from the swelling studies of the polyHIPE, which showed a major difference from 100 % water to a 50:50 mix with THF. This was due to the water being absorbed onto the surface of the polymer, but it was unable to absorb inside the polymer where the active catalyst was stored. The other MOFs used in this study showed varying levels of success in the hydrolysis of diglycine, although compared to MOF-808 the percentage conversion to glycine was extremely low. The MOFs used were mainly zirconium based although a titanium and bimetallic (Zr-Ti) MOF were used to compare the effect of metal centres. The zirconium, titanium and bimetallic equivalent MOFs varied in there catalytic activity, the titanium MOF showed the least conversion, there was a slight increase in conversion for the zirconium MOF and a significant increase for the bimetallic MOF. This was due to the large surface areas and porosity from the titanium metal centre and the stability provided by the zirconium metal centre.
Characterization of rat bone marrow lymphoid cells. I. A study of the distribution parameters of sedimentation velocity, volume and electrophoretic mobility
Creators: name: Zeiller, K.
name: Hansen, Ernil
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1978
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin
subject: Animals
subject: Bone Marrow/metabolism
subject: Bone Marrow Cells
subject: Cell Count
subject: Cell Cycle
subject: Cell Division
subject: Cell Separation
subject: Electrophoresis
subject: Lymphocytes/cytology
subject: Rats
subject: Statistics as Topic
subject: Thymidine/metabolism
subject: Ultracentrifugation

description: Various cell populations in rat bone marrow were characterized by means of a two dimensional separation using velocity sedimentation and free flow electrophoresis and by electrical sizing of the separated cells. Up to 4.5 mm/hr five different populations with discrete distributions in volume (coefficient of variation 10% to 13%) and sedimentation velocity (coefficient of variation 6% to 10%) were observed. Three of the small sized populations represented lymphocytes and small normoblasts and two of the larger sized populations represented myeloid cells. Almost all of these cells were in the G0/G1 cycle phase. In the faster sedimenting fractions which contained immature myeloid, erythroid and undefined blast cells and two S phase populations, discrete volume distributions were not evaluated. The cell populations with homogeneous volume (particularly the small lymphocytes) showed high density variations which condiserably impair the separation resolution. The cells sedimenting slower than 3.5 mm/hr were further separated by means of free flow electrophoresis into three peaks differing in electrophoretic mobility (EPM). The peaks of low and high EPM contained two populations and the peak of medium EPM contained three populations all characterized by normal volume distributions of uniform coefficient of variation between 11% and 14%. The small cells in the peaks of high and medium EPM were normolblasts and the other cells were lymphocytes. The biological significance of these results is discussed.
SciMesh – Knowledge graphs for scientific experiments and insight
Creators: name: Bronger, Torsten
name: Schlenz, Hartmut
name: Flemming, Michael
name: Selzer, Michael
name: Manideep Jayavarapu
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: knowledge graph
RDF
semantic web
electronic lab notebook

description: SciMesh is a set of specifications that define the representation of scientific results in form of a knowledge graph. While many such data formats focus on simulation data, SciMesh explicitly includes physical specimens as first-class citizens. Thus, provenance of both data and specimens can be documented. SciMesh’s immediate purpose is to represent content of electronic lab notebooks (ELNs) for sharing scientific results across ELN instances. This way, collaboration partners running different ELNs (even different ELN software) can have a uniform view on their collective results without media disruptions.
description: The authors would like to thank the Federal Government and the Heads of Government of the Länder, as well as the Joint Science Conference (GWK), for their funding and support within the framework of the NFDI4Ing consortium. Funded by the German Research Foundation (DFG) – 442146713.
Antikörpernachweis bei der Notfalltransfusion [Antibody detection in emergency transfusions. A comparison of 3 different methods]
Creators: name: Heim, M. U.
name: Alraun, K.
name: Hansen, Ernil
name: Pachmann, U.
name: Böck, M.
name: Mempel, W.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1988
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin
subject: Blood Group Antigens/immunology
subject: Blood Transfusion
subject: Emergencies
subject: Erythrocytes/immunology
subject: Humans
subject: Isoantibodies/analysis
subject: Methods
subject: Polyamines/diagnostic use

description: We compared the manual Polybrene technique to three standard methods (albumin/Coombs, LISS/Coombs, and enzyme/papain) on 113 red cell antibodies. Polybrene identified 8 antibodies of the Rhesus system missed by standard methods, whereas 3 antibodies could only be detected by the standard techniques. Four antibodies were identified only in saline solution at room temperature; 6 were found by use of Polybrene exclusively in the additional Coombs phase. In addition, 61 antibodies were tested by 4 different LISS. No considerable differences in the quality of the various LISS were seen. The manual Polybrene test appears to be suitable for crossmatching and rapid antibody identification in emergency situations.
Medieval and early modern diets in the Polack region of Belarus: A stable isotope perspective
Creators: name: Haponava, Vera
name: Kots, Aliaksei
name: Lucas, Mary
name: Both, Max
name: Roberts, Patrick
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Diet
subject: Herbivory
subject: Cities
subject: 900 Geschichte und Geografie::940 Geschichte Europas::947 Geschichte Osteuropas; Russlands

description: In western and north-western Europe there has been a growing focus on exploring how major economic, political, and social changes during the Medieval period impacted the lived experience of different populations and sectors of society. Stable isotope analysis has proven particularly powerful in this regard, providing direct insights into the long-term diets of individuals and communities. Despite experiencing similarly dramatic social reconfigurations and changes, eastern Europe has, however, received far less attention in this regard. The territory of Belarus has, especially, so far remained a relative blank spot on the bioarchaeological map of Europe, though cities such as Polack emerged rapidly as key nodes within a growing economic and religious network. To gain direct insight into the diets of inhabitants of the Polack region of Belarus in the 11-18th centuries, we applied stable carbon and nitrogen isotope analysis to bone and dentine collagen from human (n = 143) and animal (n = 105) individuals from the city of Polack and surrounding rural sites. Results indicate a diet based on C3 terrestrial resources, which did not differ between sexes and showed limited variation over time. Contrary to expectations, it appears that animal products were commonly consumed by rural dwellers, but no significant reliance on fish resources or millet consumption is found. In contrast to examples from western Europe, we argue that the diets in the city and the surrounding villages remained broadly similar for the majority of the population, and similar to commoners analysed in Poland and Lithuania, perhaps suggestive of slightly different economic changes operating in this part of the Medieval world.
Intraoperative blood loss as indicated by haemoglobin trend is a predictor for the development of postoperative spinal implant infection—a matched-pair analysis
Creators: name: Schömig, Friederike
name: Bürger, Justus
name: Hu, Zhouyang
name: Pruß, Axel
name: Klotz, Edda
name: Pumberger, Matthias
name: Hipfl, Christian
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Spine
subject: Anemia
subject: Infection
subject: Diagnosis
subject: Orthopaedic surgery
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Background: With a reported rate of 0.7-20%, postoperative spinal implant infection (PSII) is one of the most common complications after spine surgery. While in arthroplasty both haematoma formation and perioperative blood loss have been identified as risk factors for developing periprosthetic joint infections and preoperative anaemia has been associated with increased complication rates, literature on the aetiology of PSII remains limited. Methods: We performed a matched-pair analysis of perioperative haemoglobin (Hb) and haematocrit (Hct) levels in aseptic and septic spine revision surgeries. 317 patients were included, 94 of which were classified as septic according to previously defined criteria. Patients were matched according to age, body mass index, diabetes, American Society of Anesthesiologists score and smoking habits. Descriptive summaries for septic and aseptic groups were analysed using Pearson chi-squared for categorical or Student t test for continuous variables. Results: Fifty patients were matched and did not differ significantly in their reason for revision, mean length of hospital stay, blood transfusion, operating time, or number of levels operated on. While there was no significant difference in preoperative Hb or Hct levels, the mean difference between pre- and postoperative Hb was higher in the septic group (3.45 +/- 1.25 vs. 2.82 +/- 1.48 g/dL, p = 0.034). Conclusions: We therefore show that the intraoperative Hb-trend is a predictor for the development of PSII independent of the amount of blood transfusions, operation time, number of spinal levels operated on and hospital length of stay, which is why strategies to reduce intraoperative blood loss in spine surgery need to be further studied.
Antigen-specific electrophoretic cell separation (ASECS): isolation by human T and B lymphocyte subpopulations by free-flow electrophoresis after reaction with antibodies
Creators: name: Hansen, Ernil
name: Hannig, Kurt
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1982
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin
subject: Animals
subject: Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic
subject: Antibodies, Monoclonal/immunology
subject: Antigen-Antibody Reactions
subject: B-Lymphocytes
subject: Cell Movement
subject: Cell Separation/methods
subject: Electrophoresis/methods
subject: Epitopes
subject: Flow Cytometry
subject: Goats
subject: Humans
subject: Immunoglobulin M
subject: Mice
subject: Rabbits
subject: Rats
subject: T-Lymphocytes

description: The electrophoretic mobility of human lymphocytes can be reduced by incubation with surface antigen specific antibodies under non-capping conditions. This renders subpopulations of human peripheral blood lymphocytes accessible to separation by free-flow electrophoresis. After reaction of lymphocyte preparations with anti-IgM antibody and a fluorescent second antibody, B lymphocytes showed a considerable shift in position in preparative cell electrophoresis and could be separated with high yield, purity and vitality. Similarly, a T cell subpopulation reactive with the monoclonal antibody T811 could be isolated, even though only small amounts of this antibody were bound, by using a double-sandwich method. Non-specific antibody uptake via Fc-receptors did not contribute to the observed shift of antibody-labelled cells to lower electrophoretic mobility. Flow cytometric analysis showed that cells were separated according to their antigen density. Thus cell electrophoresis can be used to separate antibody-labelled cells. With a flow rate of 100,000 cells/sec this method has a much higher separation capacity than fluorescence-activated cell sorting. The described method should be applicable to the separation of a wide range of cell populations for which specific antibodies are available.