cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Organizational Coordination: A Game-Theoretic View
Creators: name: Weber, Roberto A.
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 170202 Decision Making
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: While several areas of organizational research have benefited from the use of
games to study interaction between individuals, one area that has not done so is the study
of organizational coordination. This is in spite of the large game-theoretic literature on
coordination games and solutions to coordination problems. This paper brings the two
approaches together, showing how simple games can be used to represent different
problems of organizational interdependence and how game-theoretic solutions to
coordination problems are related to organizational solutions.
Regions of existence of critical motions for the generalized Kowalevski top and bifurcation diagrams
Creators: name: Kharlamov, Mikhail P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 70E17, 37J15, 37J20, 37J35

description: The paper concludes the cycle of investigations on the bifurcation diagrams of the system with three degrees of freedom which describes the motion of an axially symmetric top with the Kowalevski conditions in a double force field. The explicit inequalities are obtained defining the conditions for the existence of the critical motions on the surfaces bearing the bifurcation diagram (see M.P.Kharlamov, Mekh. Tverd. Tela, 2004, No. 34). We fulfill the construction of all diagrams on iso-energy levels having a stable type with respect to the physical parameters and the energy value.
description: LaTex, 30 pages, 3 figures, Russian
Robust Mid-Pass Filtering Graph Convolutional Networks
Creators: name: Huang, Jincheng
name: Du, Lun
name: Chen, Xu
name: Fu, Qiang
name: Han, Shi
name: Zhang, Dongmei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Graph convolutional networks (GCNs) are currently the most promising paradigm for dealing with graph-structure data, while recent studies have also shown that GCNs are vulnerable to adversarial attacks. Thus developing GCN models that are robust to such attacks become a hot research topic. However, the structural purification learning-based or robustness constraints-based defense GCN methods are usually designed for specific data or attacks, and introduce additional objective that is not for classification. Extra training overhead is also required in their design. To address these challenges, we conduct in-depth explorations on mid-frequency signals on graphs and propose a simple yet effective Mid-pass filter GCN (Mid-GCN). Theoretical analyses guarantee the robustness of signals through the mid-pass filter, and we also shed light on the properties of different frequency signals under adversarial attacks. Extensive experiments on six benchmark graph data further verify the effectiveness of our designed Mid-GCN in node classification accuracy compared to state-of-the-art GCNs under various adversarial attack strategies.
description: Accepted by WWW'23
title: Data Poetry
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Artiga Rodriguez, Victor
Publisher: name: The Dynamic Archive
Year: 2019
Subjects: Digital Media
Fine Arts
Performance

description: The act of reading a poem is inherently a profound emotional experience, both for the performer and for the audience. Through the convergence of technology and the body, there can arise alternative methods to perform a poetry reading. This specific approach creates a loop system where data input generates a live mutation of the performer’s voice. There will be instances when language is broken down, but the poem’s aura still resonates in the room, continually generating further possibilities and meanings.
Additional file 3 of Circulating exosomal microRNAs as potential prognostic biomarkers in gastrointestinal cancers: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Gheytanchi, Elmira
name: Tajik, Fatemeh
name: Razmi, Mahdieh
name: Babashah, Sadegh
name: Cho, William Chi Shing
name: Tanha, Kiarash
name: Sahlolbei, Maryam
name: Ghods, Roya
name: Madjd, Zahra
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 3: Table S1. Search strategy of electronical databases.
Synergetic and redundant information flow detected by unnormalized Granger causality: application to resting state fMRI
Creators: name: Stramaglia, Sebastiano
name: Angelini, Leonardo
name: Wu, Guorong
name: Cortés, Jesus M.
name: Faes, Luca
name: Marinazzo, Daniele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Objectives: We develop a framework for the analysis of synergy and redundancy in the pattern of information flow between subsystems of a complex network. Methods: The presence of redundancy and/or synergy in multivariate time series data renders difficult to estimate the neat flow of information from each driver variable to a given target. We show that adopting an unnormalized definition of Granger causality one may put in evidence redundant multiplets of variables influencing the target by maximizing the total Granger causality to a given target, over all the possible partitions of the set of driving variables. Consequently we introduce a pairwise index of synergy which is zero when two independent sources additively influence the future state of the system, differently from previous definitions of synergy. Results: We report the application of the proposed approach to resting state fMRI data from the Human Connectome Project, showing that redundant pairs of regions arise mainly due to space contiguity and interhemispheric symmetry, whilst synergy occurs mainly between non-homologous pairs of regions in opposite hemispheres. Conclusions: Redundancy and synergy, in healthy resting brains, display characteristic patterns, revealed by the proposed approach. Significance: The pairwise synergy index, here introduced, maps the informational character of the system at hand into a weighted complex network: the same approach can be applied to other complex systems whose normal state corresponds to a balance between redundant and synergetic circuits.
description: 6 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1403.5156
Positive-unlabeled learning for binary and multi-class cell detection in histopathology images with incomplete annotations
Creators: name: Zhao, Zipei
name: Pang, Fengqian
name: Liu, Yaou
name: Liu, Zhiwen
name: Ye, Chuyang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Cell detection in histopathology images is of great interest to clinical practice and research, and convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have achieved remarkable cell detection results. Typically, to train CNN-based cell detection models, every positive instance in the training images needs to be annotated, and instances that are not labeled as positive are considered negative samples. However, manual cell annotation is complicated due to the large number and diversity of cells, and it can be difficult to ensure the annotation of every positive instance. In many cases, only incomplete annotations are available, where some of the positive instances are annotated and the others are not, and the classification loss term for negative samples in typical network training becomes incorrect. In this work, to address this problem of incomplete annotations, we propose to reformulate the training of the detection network as a positive-unlabeled learning problem. Since the instances in unannotated regions can be either positive or negative, they have unknown labels. Using the samples with unknown labels and the positively labeled samples, we first derive an approximation of the classification loss term corresponding to negative samples for binary cell detection, and based on this approximation we further extend the proposed framework to multi-class cell detection. For evaluation, experiments were performed on four publicly available datasets. The experimental results show that our method improves the performance of cell detection in histopathology images given incomplete annotations for network training.
description: Accepted for publication at the Journal of Machine Learning for Biomedical Imaging (MELBA) https://melba-journal.org/2022:027. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2106.15918
Trade and Foreign Direct Investment in China: A Political Economy Approach
Creators: name: Branstetter, Lee
name: Feenstra, Robert C.
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 170202 Decision Making
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: We view the political process in China as trading off the social benefits of increased trade and foreign direct investment against the losses incurred by state-owned enterprises due to such liberalization. A model drawing on Grossman and Helpman [Am. Econ. Rev. 84 (1994) 833; The Political Economy of Trade Policy: Papers in Honor of Jagdish Bhagwati, MIT Press, Cambridge (1996) 199] is used to derive an empirically estimable government objective function. The key structural parameters of this model are estimated using province-level data on foreign direct investment and trade flows in China, over the years 1984–1995. We find that the weight applied to consumer welfare is between one-seventh and one-quarter of the weight applied to the output of state-owned enterprises.
Non-ergodic metallic and insulating phases of Josephson junction chains
Creators: name: Pino, M.
name: Altshuler, B. L.
name: Ioffe, L. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Strictly speaking the laws of the conventional Statistical Physics, based on the Equipartition Postulate and Ergodicity Hypothesis, apply only in the presence of a heat bath. Until recently this restriction was not important for real physical systems: a weak coupling with the bath was believed to be sufficient. However, the progress in both quantum gases and solid state coherent quantum devices demonstrates that the coupling to the bath can be reduced dramatically. To describe such systems properly one should revisit the very foundations of the Statistical Mechanics. We examine this general problem for the case of the Josephson junction chain and show that it displays a novel high temperature non-ergodic phase with finite resistance. With further increase of the temperature the system undergoes a transition to the fully localized state characterized by infinite resistance and exponentially long relaxation.
The Description–Experience Gap in Risky and Ambiguous Gambles
Creators: name: Varun  Dutt
name: Costa, Horacio Arlo
name: Helzner, Jeffrey
name: Cleotilde Gonzalez
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 170202 Decision Making
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Recent research in decision making reported a description–experience (DE) gap: opposite risky choices when decisions are made from descriptions (gambles in which probability distributions and outcomes are explicitly stated) and when decisions are made from experience (the knowledge of the gambles is obtained by sampling outcomes from unknown probability distributions before making a choice). The DE gap has been reported in gambles commonly involving a risky option (outcomes drawn from a fixed probability distribution) and a safe option (probability of the outcome is 1), or in gambles involving two risky options. Here, we extend the study of the DE gap to gambles in which people choose between a risky option and an ambiguous option (with two nested probability distributions, where the event-generation mechanism is more opaque than that in the risky option). We report empirical evidence and show a DE gap in gambles involving risky and ambiguous options. Participants' choices are influenced by the information format and by the ambiguous option: participants are ambiguity-seeking in experience and ambiguity-averse in description in problems involving both gains and losses. In order to find reasons for our results, we investigate participants' sampling behavior, and this analysis indicates choices according to a cognitive model of experiential decisions (instance-based learning). In experience, participants have small sample sizes, and participants choose options where high outcomes are experienced more frequently than expected. We discuss the implications of our results for the psychology of decision making in complex environments.
Additional file 4 of Circulating exosomal microRNAs as potential prognostic biomarkers in gastrointestinal cancers: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Gheytanchi, Elmira
name: Tajik, Fatemeh
name: Razmi, Mahdieh
name: Babashah, Sadegh
name: Cho, William Chi Shing
name: Tanha, Kiarash
name: Sahlolbei, Maryam
name: Ghods, Roya
name: Madjd, Zahra
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 4: Table S2. Significantly dysregulated circulating exomiR(s) in GI cancer patients.
Hierarchy of Periodic patterns in the twist-bend nematic phase of mesogenic dimers
Creators: name: Panov, Vitaly P.
name: Varney, Michael C. M.
name: Smalyukh, Ivan I.
name: Vij, Jagdish K.
name: Tamba, Maria G.
name: Mehl, Georg H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Several attractive properties of hydrocarbon-linked mesogenic dimers have been discovered, a major feature of these has been the ability of dimers under confinement to form periodic patterns. At least six different types of stripe-like periodic patterns can be observed in these materials under various experimental conditions. Our most recent finding is the discovery of micrometre-scale periodic patterns at the N-Ntb phase transition interface, and sub-micrometre scale patterns in the Ntb phase. Layer-like sub-micrometre patterns were observed using three-photon excitation fluorescence polarizing microscopy, and these are being reported here.
description: 25th International Liquid Crystal Conference, ILCC-2014, TN-O3.003
title: Kafka und der Prager Frühling. Die Konferenz in Liblice 1963 und ihre Folgen
Creators: name: Danyel, Jürgen
Publisher: name: ZZF - Centre for Contemporary History: Zeitgeschichte online
Year: 2018

description: Anlässlich des 80. Geburtstages von Franz Kafka hatte vom 27. bis 29. Mai 1963 im barocken Schloss von Liblice die inzwischen legendäre Kafka-Konferenz unter der Federführung von Eduard Goldstücker und seiner Prager Germanistenkollegen stattgefunden. Ein Jahr danach, im Sommer 1964 berichtete der Budapester Korrespondent der Associated Press über die kulturpolitische Situation in den osteuropäischen Ländern. Unter dem Titel „Wer wird sich schon vor Kafka fürchten?“ diagnostizierte der Autor ein „kulturpolitisches Tauwetter“, das insbesondere in Ungarn, der Tschechoslowakei und Polen zu spüren sei.
Additional file 5 of Circulating exosomal microRNAs as potential prognostic biomarkers in gastrointestinal cancers: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Gheytanchi, Elmira
name: Tajik, Fatemeh
name: Razmi, Mahdieh
name: Babashah, Sadegh
name: Cho, William Chi Shing
name: Tanha, Kiarash
name: Sahlolbei, Maryam
name: Ghods, Roya
name: Madjd, Zahra
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 5: Table S3. Summary of meta-analyses for the association between exomiRs deregulation and clinicopathologic features in patients with GI cancers.
The Framing Effect and Risky Decisions: Examining Cognitive Functions with fMRI
Creators: name: Cleotilde Gonzalez
name: Dana, Jason
name: Hideya  Koshino
name: Just, Marcel
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 170202 Decision Making
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: The ‘‘framing effect’’ is observed when the description of options in terms of gains (positive
frame) rather than losses (negative frame) elicits systematically different choices. Few theories
explain the framing effect by using cognitive information-processing principles. In this paper
we present an explanatory theory based on the cost–benefit tradeoffs described in contingent
behavior. This theory proposes that individuals examining various alternatives try to determine
how to make a good decision while expending minimal cognitive effort. For this study,
we used brain activation functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to evaluate individuals
that we asked to choose between one certain alternative and one risky alternative in
response to problems framed as gains or losses. Our results indicate that the cognitive effort
required to select a sure gain was considerably lower than the cognitive effort required to
choose a risky gain. Conversely,the cognitive effort expended in choosing a sure loss was equal
to the cognitive effort expended in choosing a risky loss. fMRI revealed that the cognitive
functions used by the decision makers in this study were localized in the prefrontal and
parietal cortices of the brain,a finding that suggests the involvement of working memory
and imagery in the selection process.
MPEC 2024-R257 : DAILY ORBIT UPDATE (2024 September 11)
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
A more accurate measurement of the $^{28}$Si lattice parameter
Creators: name: Massa, Enrico
name: Sasso, Carlo Paolo
name: Mana, Giovanni
name: Palmisano, Carlo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In 2011, a discrepancy between the values of the Planck constant measured by counting Si atoms and by comparing mechanical and electrical powers prompted a review, among others, of the measurement of the spacing of $^{28}$Si {220} lattice planes, either to confirm the measured value and its uncertainty or to identify errors. This exercise confirmed the result of the previous measurement and yields the additional value $d_{220}=192014711.98(34)$ am having a reduced uncertainty.
description: 12 pages, 17 figure, 1 table submitted to J Phys Chem Ref Data
Response: Commentary: Is the moon there if nobody looks? Bell inequalities and physical reality
Creators: name: Kupczynski, Marian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We reject unjustified criticism of our published article [2209.07992] by Gill and Lambare [arXiv:2211.02481, arXiv:2208.09930]. They completely misinterpret the content and conclusions of this article. They construct a counterfactual probabilistic model in which random variables representing outcomes of four experiments performed using incompatible experimental settings are jointly distributed. Thus, CHSH inequalities trivially hold for all finite samples generated by their model. Their model defines a probabilistic coupling for our model describing only the raw data from Bell tests. The existence of this coupling does not invalidate the derivation of the contextual probabilistic model describing the final data from Bell tests. Only these final data are used to test Bell inequalities. Inequalities cannot be derived because our model violates statistical independence. Our contextual model allows to explain in a local and causal way the violation of inequalities and the apparent violation of no-signaling reported in these experiments.
description: 3 pages, 3 equations and 33 references
title: Kultur und Macht im Vorfeld des Prager Frühlings. Eine komplizierte Beziehung
Creators: name: Kolář, Pavel
Publisher: name: ZZF - Centre for Contemporary History: Zeitgeschichte online
Year: 2018

description: Oft wird behauptet, der Prager Frühling sei nicht durch die Parteiführung von oben in Gang gesetzt worden, sondern durch die Intellektuellen des Landes, also eher von unten. Anders als in Ungarn 1956, in Polen 1980-81 oder die Perestroika in der UdSSR seit Mitte der 1980er Jahre, so die These, sei der Prager Frühling durch kritische WissenschaftlerInnen und KünstlerInnen initiiert worden. Es ist wichtig, dieses Narrativ, nach dem es vor allem die kreativen Köpfe waren, die die Macht herausgefordert haben, in einem größeren Kontext zu betrachten. Zwar wurde im Verlauf der stalinistischen Aufbauphase der 1950er Jahre in der Tschechoslowakei hauptsächlich die Arbeiterklasse gefördert, gleichzeitig verbesserten sich jedoch auch Status und materieller Wohlstand vieler Intellektueller, vor allem der SchriftstellerInnen.
title: Curation for Machines
title: the many that are very much a like
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Otto, Jonas
Publisher: name: The Dynamic Archive
Year: 2019
Subjects: Digital Media
Media Theory
Photography

description: Curation for machines is different. That is because the goal is a different one. It is very often not about the few but the many that are very much a like. Part of the research material a curator would gather to substantiate his selection on needs to be reapplied and supplied when curating for machines.
title: Location Based Degenerative Design
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Bayro Kaiser, Silvana
name: Kuszak, Kaya
name: Bertling, Marie
name: Khalaf, Avas
name: Cvitak, Lukas
name: Raul, Melina
Publisher: name: The Dynamic Archive
Year: 2019
Subjects: Design
Fine Arts
Performance
Photography
Textile

Abstract
title: Knowledge Base for Valid Driving Simulation
Creators: name: Zöller, Ilka
name: Mautes, Nicole
name: Ren, Wen
name: Abendroth, Bettina
Publisher: name: Springer Vieweg
Year: 2023

description: Driving simulators are being used increasingly as part of the vehicle research. In this regard, the validity of a driving simulator represents a necessary condition in order to facilitate the transfer of the results to reality. The Institute of Ergonomics (Institut für Arbeitswissenschaft, IAD) of Technische Universität Darmstadt addressed this topic of validation of driving simulators, as part of a two-year DFG project. The findings of the project are summarized below.
title: HUMAN AS A COLOUR SOLID.
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Helmer, Marcel
Publisher: name: The Dynamic Archive
Year: 2019
Subjects: Design
Digital Media
Fashion Design
Textile

description: Can you imagine a future where clothes arepresenting you better than you can talk about yourself? Imagine you are buying a second skin that can react to the environment and turn out completely different at night and in the morning. It is another way of behaviour, another quality of perception. It shows your skills and your features. Garments which will never expire. Colours are instantly changing and the same suit will never be the same in winter or in summertime. Innovation in wearing and in presenting your body. This is a conceptual and an experimental collection of garments which reacts on the environment and body. Each pattern is based on the research of the colors and shapes. Each print is selected especially for the certain part of the body and highlights its attributes. Appearing or disappearing of the pattern make the suit living, personal and responsive.
Femtosecond wavepacket interferometry using the rotational dynamics of a trapped cold molecular ion
Creators: name: Berglund, J. Martin
name: Drewsen, Michael
name: Koch, Christiane P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A Ramsey-type interferometer is suggested, employing a cold trapped ion and two time-delayed off-resonant femtosecond laser pulses. The laser light couples to the molecular polarization anisotropy, inducing rotational wavepacket dynamics. An interferogram is obtained from the delay dependent populations of the final field-free rotational states. Current experimental capabilities for cooling and preparation of the initial state are found to yield an interferogram visibility of more than 80\%. The interferograms can be used to determine the polarizability anisotropy with an accuracy of about $\pm 2\%$, respectively $\pm 5\%$, provided the uncertainty in the initial populations and measurement errors are confined to within the same limits.
title: Conversing and other spatial practices
title: Strategies for a ​critical approach to the ​newly built environment
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Filipovic, Ana
Publisher: name: The Dynamic Archive
Year: 2019
Subjects: Design
Performance

description: İnşaat (Construction) is a project looking into the state of construction and manual labor associated with it in the city of Sinop. For this occasion we engaged into a series of conversations with the local actors, such as planners, architects and activists, as well as with construction workers of different backgrounds.
Task Workload and Cognitive Abilities in Dynamic Decision Making
Creators: name: Cleotilde Gonzalez
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 170202 Decision Making
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Researchers often treat workload as a task-dependent variable. To evaluate the effect of workload on individuals’ performance, researchers commonly use several methods, such as varying the complexity or number of tasks that test participants are asked to handle or placing individuals under time constraints. Only rarely have researchers investigated workload as a variable dependent on individuals’ cognitive abilities. This study investigated workload during dynamic decision making in terms of its dependence on both task workload and cognitive abilities. The findings demonstrate detrimental effects of both high task workload and low cognitive abilities. Further, the results show that high workload is more detrimental in individuals with low cognitive abilities than in individuals with high cognitive abilities. Potential applications of this research include the design of new workload studies and new training protocols in which psychometric tests are used.
Additional file 1 of Effectiveness of outpatient and community treatments for people with a diagnosis of ‘personality disorder’: systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Katakis, Panos
name: Schlief, Merle
name: Barnett, Phoebe
name: Rains, Luke Sheridan
name: Rowe, Sarah
name: Pilling, Steve
name: Johnson, Sonia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: Additional file 1.
Words or Deeds? Choosing What to Know About Others
Creators: name: Erte  Xiao
name: Bicchieri, Cristina
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 170202 Decision Making
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Social cooperation often relies on individuals’ spontaneous norm obedience when there is
no punishment for violation or reward for compliance. However, people do not
consistently follow pro-social norms. Previous studies have suggested that an
individual’s tendency toward norm conformity is affected by empirical information (i.e.
what others did or would do in a similar situation) as well as by normative information
(i.e. what others think one ought to do). Yet little is known about whether people have an
intrinsic desire to obtain norm-revealing information. In this paper, we use a dictator
game to investigate whether dictators actively seek norm-revealing information and, if so,
whether they prefer to get empirical or normative information. Our data show that
although the majority of dictators choose to view free information before making
decisions, they are equally likely to choose empirical or normative information. However,
a large majority (more than 80%) of dictators are not willing to incur even a very small
cost for getting information. Our findings help to understand why norm compliance is
context-dependent, and highlight the importance of making norm-revealing information
salient in order to promote conformity.
title: Remembering 1968 in Czech Republic. Living Trauma and Forgotten Ideals
Creators: name: Pehe, Veronika
Publisher: name: ZZF - Centre for Contemporary History: Zeitgeschichte online
Year: 2018

description: This year marks a number of anniversaries of significant events of Czechoslovak history, starting with the declaration of independent Czechoslovakia in 1918; the Munich Agreement of 1938, which sumitted Czechoslovakia’s border areas to Hitler’s Germany; the communist takeover of 1948; and finally, the Prague Spring and subsequent Soviet-led invasion of 1968. Dubbed the “year of eights” [osmičkový rok] by the Czech media, historical reflections on the part of witnesses, historians, journalists and pundits alike are rife in the press, on the radio and on television. Yet as historian Pavel Kolář writes, when it comes to the events of 1968, “the anniversary has so far not brought any distinctive impulse” and sees this as a confirmation that “with each round anniversary, the significance of ’68 as one of the focal points of Czech memory is declining”.[1] What then remains of the eventful year of 1968 in Czech memory, fifty years on? This article will briefly examine the media response, which acts as a significant vehicle of memory, to both the reformist efforts of the Prague Spring and their suppression by Warsaw Pact tanks in the Czech Republic.
A Construct for Describing Software Development Risks
Creators: name: Gluch, David
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 80309 Software Engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This report establishes a representation of software risk wherein the risks associated with software-dependent development programs are defined as distinct, manageable risk entities. The risk entities and their descriptive statements of risk are based upon a Condition-Transition-Consequence (CTC) construct. The CTC construct arises out of a systems representation, where time and value are identified as fundamental to the concept of risk. The CTC construct is also shown to provide a common representation for both program risks and program tasks and to fit into a heuristic framework for identifying risks within software-dependent development programs. Examples of risks are used to demonstrate that the approach facilitates the management of risk as an integral part of routine program management.
1 minute parity lifetime of a NbTiN Cooper-pair transistor
Creators: name: van Woerkom, David J.
name: Geresdi, Attila
name: Kouwenhoven, Leo P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The parity modulation of the ground state of a superconducting island is a direct consequence of the presence of the Cooper pair condensate preferring an even number of charge carriers. The addition energy of an odd, unpaired quasiparticle equals to the superconducting gap, $Δ$, suppressing single electron hopping in the low temperature limit. Controlling the quasiparticle occupation is of fundamental importance for superconducting qubits as single electron tunneling results in decoherence. In particular, topological quantum computation relies on the parity control and readout of Majorana bound states. Here we present parity modulation for the first time of a niobium titanite nitride (NbTiN) Cooper-pair transistor coupled to aluminium (Al) leads. We show that this circuit is compatible with the magnetic field requirement in the range of 100 mT of inducing topological superconductivity in spin-orbit coupled nanowires. Our observed parity lifetime exceeding 1 minute is several orders of magnitude higher than the required gate time of flux-controlled braiding of Majorana states. Our findings readily demonstrate that a NbTiN island can be parity-controlled and therefore provides a good platform for superconducting coherent circuits operating in a magnetic field.
Polarized accretion shocks from the cosmic web
Creators: name: Vernstrom, Tessa
name: West, Jennifer
name: Vazza, Franco
name: Wittor, Denis
name: Riseley, Christopher John
name: Heald, George
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: On the largest scales, galaxies are pulled together by gravity to form clusters, which are connected by filaments making a web-like pattern. Radio emission is predicted from this cosmic web, which should originate from the strong accretion shocks around the cosmic structures. We present the first observational evidence that Fermi-type acceleration from strong shocks surrounding the filaments of the cosmic web, as well as in peripherals of low-mass clusters, is at work in the Universe. Using all-sky radio maps and stacking on clusters and filaments, we have detected the polarization signature of the synchrotron emission with polarization fractions >= 20%, which is best explained by the organization of local magnetic fields by strong shock waves both at the cluster peripheries and between clusters. Our interpretation is well supported by a detailed comparison with state-of-the-art cosmological simulations.
description: Published in Science Advances. Supplementary Materials available at https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.ade7233
A Context Analysis of the Movement Control Domain for the Army Tactical Command and Control System (ATCCS)
Creators: name: A. Spencer Peterson
name: Cohen, Sholom
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 80309 Software Engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This report describes the results of the first phase of a domain analysis performed by the SEI's Domain Analysis Project. The report establishes the context and scope of the movement control domain within command and control (C2) systems and in particular, ATCCS. It discusses the purpose of a domain analysis and presents an overview of the method being used to perform the analysis. The report describes both the Army's use of ATCCS in achieving the Army mission and the ATCCS software development strategy. A brief description of Army C2systems lays a foundation for defining movement control and its context in the ATCCS structure. Within this context, the report identifies the key areas within movement control that will be explored during the remainder of the domain analysis. The report also describes the approach for performing the analysis and includes appendices providing additional information about ATCCS, relevant terms, and acronyms.
Nodeless superconductivity in the noncentrosymmetric ThIrSi compound
Creators: name: Tay, D.
name: Shang, T.
name: Rosa, Priscila F. S.
name: Santos, F. B.
name: Thompson, J. D.
name: Fisk, Z.
name: Ott, H. -R.
name: Shiroka, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ThIrSi superconductor, with $T_c = 6.5$ K, is expected to show unusual features in view of its noncentrosymmetric structure and the presence of heavy elements featuring a sizable spin-orbit coupling. Here, we report a comprehensive study of its electronic properties by means of local-probe techniques: muon-spin rotation and relaxation ({\textmu}SR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Both the superfluid density $ρ_\mathrm{sc}(T)$ (determined via transverse-field {\textmu}SR) and the spin-lattice relaxation rate $T_1^{-1}(T)$ (determined via NMR) suggest a nodeless superconductivity. Furthermore, the absence of spontaneous magnetic fields below $T_c$, as evinced from zero-field {\textmu}SR measurements, indicates a preserved time-reversal symmetry in the superconducting state of ThIrSi. Temperature-dependent upper critical fields as well as field-dependent superconducting muon-spin relaxations suggest the presence of multiple superconducting gaps in ThIrSi.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures
Black Hole Thermodynamics in MOdified Gravity (MOG)
Creators: name: Mureika, Jonas R.
name: Moffat, John W.
name: Faizal, Mir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the thermodynamical properties of black holes in a modified theory of gravity, which was initially proposed to obtain correct dynamics of galaxies and galaxy clusters without dark matter. The thermodynamics of non-rotating and rotating black hole solutions resembles similar solutions in Einstein-Maxwell theory with the electric charge being replaced by a new mass dependent gravitational charge $Q = \sqrt{αG_N}M$. This new mass dependent charge modifies the effective Newtonian constant from $G_N$ to $G = G_N(1+α)$, and this in turn critically affects the thermodynamics of the black holes. We also investigate the thermodynamics of regular solutions, and explore the limiting case when no horizons forms. So, it is possible that the modified gravity can lead to the absence of black hole horizons in our universe. Finally, we analyze corrections to the thermodynamics of a non-rotating black hole and obtain the usual logarithmic correction term.
description: Title changed slightly; new section on BH entropy corrections added; matches version published in PLB
Magnetohydrodynamic kink waves in nonuniform solar flux tubes: phase mixing and energy cascade to small scales
Creators: name: Soler, Roberto
name: Terradas, Jaume
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) kink waves are ubiquitously observed in the solar atmosphere. The propagation and damping of these waves may play relevant roles for the transport and dissipation of energy in the solar atmospheric medium. However, in the atmospheric plasma dissipation of transverse MHD wave energy by viscosity or resistivity needs very small spatial scales to be efficient. Here, we theoretically investigate the generation of small scales in nonuniform solar magnetic flux tubes due to phase mixing of MHD kink waves. We go beyond the usual approach based on the existence of a global quasi-mode that is damped in time due to resonant absorption. Instead, we use a modal expansion to express the MHD kink wave as a superposition of Alfvén continuum modes that are phase mixed as time evolves. The comparison of the two techniques evidences that the modal analysis is more physically transparent and describes both the damping of global kink motions and the building up of small scales due to phase mixing. In addition, we discuss that the processes of resonant absorption and phase mixing are intimately linked. They represent two aspects of the same underlying physical mechanism: the energy cascade from large scales to small scales due to naturally occurring plasma and/or magnetic field inhomogeneities. This process may provide the necessary scenario for efficient dissipation of transverse MHD wave energy in the solar atmospheric plasma.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ
Upper bound for the s-d exchange integral in n-(Ga,Mn)N:Si from magnetotransport studies
Creators: name: Adhikari, R.
name: Stefanowicz, W.
name: Faina, B.
name: Sawicki, M.
name: Dietl, T.
name: Bonanni, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A series of recent magnetooptical studies pointed to contradicting values of the s-d exchange energy N0α in Mn-doped GaAs and GaN as well as in Fe-doped GaN. Here, a strong sensitivity of weak-localization phenomena to symmetry breaking perturbations (such as spin-splitting and spin-disorder scattering) is exploited to evaluate the magnitude of N0α for n-type wurtzite (Ga,Mn)N:Si films grown by metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy. Millikelvin magnetoresistance studies and their quantitative interpretation point to N0α < 40 meV, a value at least 5 times smaller than the one found with similar measurements on, e.g., $n$-(Zn,Mn)O. It is shown that this striking difference in the values of the s-d coupling between $n$-type III-V and II-VI dilute magnetic semiconductors can be explained by a theory that takes into account the acceptor character of Mn in III-V compounds.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
A Guide to the Classification and Assessment of Software Engineering Tools
Creators: name: Firth, Robert
name: Mosley, Vicky
name: Pethia, Richard D.
name: Gold, Lauren Roberts
name: Wood, William
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 80309 Software Engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Software engineering tools are computer programs that assist people in doing the work of software engineering. As understanding of the software engineering process has broadened and the need to solve problems has intensified, there has been increasing interest in using software engineering tools. Understanding what a tool does and comparing it to similar tools are difficult tasks given the diversity of functionality that exists. This report describes a tool classification technique that helps those investigating tools decide where a tool fits in the software engineering process and identify what a tool does or doesn't do. It also provides guidance to the tool evaluation process and lists specific criteria that should be considered when evaluating tools.
Thermodynamical description of modified generalized Chaplygin gas model of dark energy
Creators: name: Ebadi, H.
name: Moradpour, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a universe filled by a modified generalized Chaplygin gas together with a pressureless dark matter component. We get a thermodynamical interpretation for the modified generalized Chaplygin gas confined to the apparent horizon of FRW universe, whiles dark sectors do not interact with each other. Thereinafter, by taking into account a mutual interaction between the dark sectors of the cosmos, we find a thermodynamical interpretation for interacting modified generalized Chaplygin gas. Additionally, probable relation between the thermal fluctuations of the system and the assumed mutual interaction is investigated. Finally, we show that if one wants to solve the coincidence problem by using this mutual interaction, then the coupling constants of the interaction will be constrained. The corresponding constraint is also addressed. Moreover, the thermodynamic interpretation of using either a generalized Chaplygin gas or a Chaplygin gas to describe dark energy is also addressed throughout the paper.
description: Accepted by IJTP
Additional file 2 of Effectiveness of outpatient and community treatments for people with a diagnosis of ‘personality disorder’: systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Katakis, Panos
name: Schlief, Merle
name: Barnett, Phoebe
name: Rains, Luke Sheridan
name: Rowe, Sarah
name: Pilling, Steve
name: Johnson, Sonia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: Additional file 2.
Lattice Boltzmann modeling of boiling heat transfer: The boiling curve and the effects of wettability
Creators: name: Li, Q.
name: Kang, Q. J.
name: Francois, M. M.
name: He, Y. L.
name: Luo, K. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A hybrid thermal lattice Boltzmann (LB) model is presented to simulate thermal multiphase flows with phase change based on an improved pseudopotential LB approach [Q. Li, K. H. Luo, and X. J. Li, Phys. Rev. E 87, 053301 (2013)]. The present model does not suffer from the spurious term caused by the forcing-term effect, which was encountered in some previous thermal LB models for liquid-vapor phase change. Using the model, the liquid-vapor boiling process is simulated. The boiling curve together with the three boiling stages (nucleate boiling, transition boiling, and film boiling) is numerically reproduced in the LB community for the first time. The numerical results show that the basic features and the fundamental characteristics of boiling heat transfer are well captured, such as the severe fluctuation of transient heat flux in the transition boiling and the feature that the maximum heat transfer coefficient lies at a lower wall superheat than that of the maximum heat flux. Furthermore, the effects of the heating surface wettability on boiling heat transfer are investigated. It is found that an increase in contact angle promotes the onset of boiling but reduces the critical heat flux, and makes the boiling process enter into the film boiling regime at a lower wall superheat, which is consistent with the findings from experimental studies.
description: 13 Figures
Time Dependent Hadronic Modeling of Flat Spectrum Radio Quasars
Creators: name: Diltz, Christopher
name: Boettcher, Markus
name: Fossati, Giovanni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a new time-dependent lepto-hadronic model for blazar emission that takes into account the radiation emitted by secondary particles, such as pions and muons, from photo hadronic interactions. Starting from a baseline parameter set guided by a fit to the spectral energy distribution of the blazar 3C 279, we perform a parameter study to investigate the effects of perturbations of the input parameters to mimic different flaring events to study the resulting lightcurves in the optical, X-ray, high energy (HE: E > 100 MeV) and very-high-energy (VHE: E > 100 GeV) gamma-rays as well as the neutrino emission associated with charged-pion and muon decay. We find that flaring events from an increase in the efficiency of Fermi II acceleration will produce a positive correlation between all bandpasses and a marked plateau in the HE gamma-ray lightcurve. We also predict a distinctive dip in the HE lightcurve for perturbations caused by a change in the proton injection spectral index. These plateaus / dips could be a tell tale signature of hadronic models for perturbations that lead to more efficient acceleration of high energy protons in parameter regimes where pion and muon synchrotron emission is non-negligible.
description: Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal