cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Cyclodextrin-based Molecular Devices
Creators: name: Loh, Ka
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2020

description: In this thesis, several types of secondary-face modified beta-CD are developed and investigated. The conformational behaviours of these modified CDs were determined by 1H and 2D NMR spectroscopies. In general, this thesis presents one of the only a few studies of secondary-face modified CDs. In Chapter 1, developments in the field of supramolecular chemistry are described. The "bottom-up" approach for the fabrication of supramolecular molecular devices is discussed. This chapter also introduces the host-guest recognition properties of CDs and their roles in the development of functional molecular devices. In addition, different synthetic approaches for secondary-face modification of beta-CDs are introduced. The work in Chapter 2 describes the preparation of secondary-face modified cinnamido-CDs, where the cinnamyl substituent is covalently linked at the C3A position of beta-CD via an N-methyl amino modification. The installation of a cinnamide on an altropyranose shows the absence of intramolecular interaction in polar (D2O), organic (d6-DMSO), and in D2O in the presence of potential organic guest competitor (1-adamantanecarboxylic acid). In contrast, different conformational behaviours can be observed by substituting the cinnamido substituent on a glucopyranose unit, instead of an altropyranose, where the intramolecular interaction between the substituent and the CD cavity persists in polar (D2O), organic (d6-DMSO), and in D2O in the presence of a potential organic guest competitor (TNS). In this context, the dissociation of the substituent from the CD cavity can only be achieved by photoisomerising the trans to cis double bond. In addition, the interconversion of the cis and trans double bonds is reversible, making these cinnamido-CDs photo-sensitive and solvent-independent molecular gates. In Chapter 3, phenylpropionamide CDs were synthesised to investigate the generality of the solvent-independent intramolecular interactions observed in Chapter 2. In the work described in this chapter, the extent to which the amide bonds are constrained varies across the phenylpropionamide CDs prepared. However, intramolecular interactions can be observed between the CD cavity and the substituent in both polar (D2O) and organic solvents (CD3OD) for all the phenylpropionamide CDs. Therefore, the presence of the intramolecular interactions between the substituent installed at the secondary face with the CD cavity is solvent-independent and presumably a more general phenomenon closely related to the geometrical configuration rather than the flexibility of the substituent.
The quarantine claims. "Prince Alfred." June, 1872. Judgment, December 24th, 1873
Creators: name: British Columbia. Quarantine Claims Commission
Publisher: name: Victoria : Victoria Standard Office
Year: 2015

description: "Judgment delivered by Mr. Justice John H. Gray. Claims against the Dominion government arose over expenses incurred while quarantining passengers from a ship which had had a case of smallpox on board." -- Lowther, B. J., & Laing, M. (1968). A bibliography of British Columbia: Laying the foundations, 1849-1899. Victoria, BC: University of Victoria, p. 52.
New fields on super Riemann surfaces
Creators: name: Rogers, Alice
name: Langer, Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new $(1,1)$-dimensional super vector bundle which exists on any super Riemann surface is described. Cross-sections of this bundle provide a new class of fields on a super Riemann surface which closely resemble holomorphic functions on a super Riemann surface, but which (in contrast to the case with holomorphic functions) form spaces which have a well defined dimension which does not change as odd moduli become non-zero.
description: 12pp, kcl-th-94-7
Anyons: Minimal and Extended Formulations
Creators: name: Cortes, Jose L.
name: Plyushchay, Mikhail S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The minimal (reduced) and extended canonical formulations for (2+1)-dimensional fractional spin particles are considered. We investigate the relationship between them, clearing up the meaning of the coordinates for such particles, and analyse the related question of correlation between spin and momentum. The classical lagrangian corresponding to the extended canonical formulation is constructed, and its gauge symmetries are identified.
description: 10 pages, latex, to appear in Mod. Phys. Lett. A
Additional file 1 of Chronic whipworm infection exacerbates Schistosoma mansoni egg-induced hepatopathology in non-human primates
Creators: name: Le, Loc
name: Khatoon, Sabiha
name: JimÃ©nez, Paola
name: Peterson, Christopher
name: Kernen, Rebecca
name: Zhang, Weidong
name: Molehin, Adebayo
name: Lazarus, Samra
name: Sudduth, Justin
name: May, Jordan
name: Karmakar, Souvik
name: Rojo, Juan
name: Ahmad, Gul
name: Torben, Workineh
name: Carey, David
name: Wolf, Roman
name: Papin, James
name: Siddiqui, Afzal
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Representative liver granuloma measurement. Table S1. qRT-PCR validation of genes. Table S2. List of primer sequences used.
A new symmetry-based framework for discovering minimum energy pathways
Creators: name: Munro, Jason M.
name: Akamatsu, Hirofumi
name: Padmanabhan, Haricharan
name: Liu, Vincent S.
name: Shi, Yin
name: Chen, Long-Qing
name: VanLeeuwen, Brian K.
name: Dabo, Ismaila
name: Gopalan, Venkatraman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Physical systems evolve from one state to another along paths of least energy barrier. Without a priori knowledge of the energy landscape, multidimensional search methods aim to find such minimum energy pathways between the initial and final states of a kinetic process. However in many cases, the user has to repeatedly provide initial guess paths, thus ensuring that the reliability of the final result is heavily user-dependent. Recently, the idea of "distortion symmetry groups" as a complete description of the symmetry of a path has been introduced. Through this, a new framework is enabled that provides a powerful means of classifying the infinite collection of possible pathways into a finite number of symmetry equivalent subsets, and then exploring each of these subsets systematically using rigorous group theoretical methods. The method is shown to lead to the discovery of new, previously hidden pathways for the case studies of bulk ferroelectric switching and domain wall motion in proper and improper ferroelectrics, as well as in multiferroic switching. This approach is applicable to a wide variety of physical phenomena ranging from structural, electronic and magnetic distortions, diffusion, and phase transitions in materials.
Exact confirmation of 1D nonlinear fluctuating hydrodynamics for a two-species exclusion process
Creators: name: Chen, Zeying
name: de Gier, Jan
name: Hiki, Iori
name: Sasamoto, Tomohiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider current statistics for a two species exclusion process of particles hopping in opposite directions on a one-dimensional lattice. We derive an exact formula for the Green's function as well as for a joint current distribution of the model, and study its long time behavior. For a step type initial condition, we show that the limiting distribution is a product of the Gaussian and the GUE Tracy-Widom distribution. This is the first analytic confirmation for a multi-component system of a prediction from the recently proposed non-linear fluctuating hydrodynamics for one dimensional systems.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures
Additional file 3: of An improved Tet-on system in microRNA overexpression and CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing
Creators: name: Kang, Kang
name: Huang, Lian
name: Li, Qing
name: Liao, Xiaoyun
name: Dang, Quanjin
name: Yang, Yi
name: Luo, Jun
name: Zeng, Yan
name: Li, Li
name: Gou, Deming
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Supplementary data. Primers, probe, DNA sequences, and sgRNA information. (PDF 178 kb)
Spiro-Conjugated Molecular Junctions: between Jahn-Teller Distortion and Destructive Quantum Interference
Creators: name: Sowa, Jakub K.
name: Mol, Jan A.
name: Briggs, G. Andrew D.
name: Gauger, Erik M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quest for molecular structures exhibiting strong quantum interference effects in the transport setting has long been on the forefront of chemical research. Here, we establish theoretically that the unusual geometry of spiro-conjugated systems gives rise to complete destructive interference in the resonant-transport regime. This results in a current blockade of the type not present in meta-connected benzene or similar molecular structures. We further show that these systems can undergo a transport-driven Jahn-Teller distortion which can lift the aforementioned destructive-interference effects. The overall transport characteristics is determined by the interplay between the two phenomena. Spiro-conjugated systems may therefore serve as a novel platform for investigations of quantum interference and vibronic effects in the charge transport setting. The potential to control quantum interference in these systems can also turn them into attractive components in designing functional molecular circuits.
description: Supplementary Information available on request
Black Hole Thermodynamics from String Theory
Creators: name: Oda, Ichiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this note we consider a stringy description of black hole horizon. We start with a nonlinear sigma model defined on a two dimensional Euclidean surface with background Rindler metric. By solving the field equations, we show that to the leading order the Bekenstein-Hawking formula of black hole entropy can be produced. We also point out a relation between the present formalism and the 'tHooft formalism.
description: 11, EDO-EP-1
Our great West. A lecture delivered under the auspices of the Young Men's Christian Association of Christ Church Cathedral, on the evening of the 27th February, 1873
Creators: name: White, Thomas, 1830-1888
Publisher: name: Montreal : [publisher not identified]
Year: 2015

description: "' ... an extremely scarce work on British Columbia and the Northwest Territories. Much on the activities of the Hudson's Bay Company, the Rocky Mountain country, the exploration, routes, resources, gold rushes, etc.' -Eberstadt, cat. 136, item 554." -- Lowther, B. J., & Laing, M. (1968). A bibliography of British Columbia: Laying the foundations, 1849-1899. Victoria, BC: University of Victoria, p. 52.
Avaliação de géis pré-formados para o controle de conformidade em reservatórios de petróleo.
Creators: name: Roman, Isabella
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 91406 Petroleum and Reservoir Engineering
subject: FOS: Environmental engineering
subject: 91209 Polymers and Plastics
subject: FOS: Materials engineering
subject: 90408 Rheology
subject: FOS: Chemical engineering

description: A fim de minimizar o risco de erupção prematura da água injetada nos poços produtores durante a explotação de um reservatório, são necessárias medidas para bloquear, ao menos parcialmente, os caminhos de menor resistência entre a malha de poços injetores e os poços de produção. Este procedimento é conhecido como "controle de conformidade". Uma das tecnologias atualmente em uso é a injeção de géis poliméricos pré-formados à base de poliacrilamida parcialmente hidrolisada (HPAM). Os géis são capazes de bloquear a passagem em regiões com alta permeabilidade de água, fraturas e controlar parcialmente a formação de digitações viscosas no reservatórios (“viscous fingering”). Dessa forma, a produção de água é minimizada, liberando as facilidades de produção para processar mais líquido e, consequentemente, obter-se uma maior recuperação final de óleo no projeto. Esse trabalho tem como objetivo analisar algumas propriedades de géis pré-formados a base de HPAM e reticulados com polietilenoimina (PEI), capazes de funcionarem como agentes de controle de conformance.
IRAS 22150+6109 - a young B-type star with a large disc
Creators: name: Zakhozhay, Olga V.
name: Miroshnichenko, Anatoly S.
name: Kuratov, Kenesken S.
name: Zakhozhay, Vladimir A.
name: Khokhlov, Serik A.
name: Zharikov, Sergey V.
name: Manset, Nadine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of a spectroscopic analysis and spectral energy distribution (SED) modelling of the optical counterpart of the infrared source IRAS 22150+6109. The source was suggested to be as a Herbig Be star located in the star forming region L 1188. Absorption lines in the optical spectrum indicate a spectral type B3, while weak Balmer emission lines reflect the presence of a circumstellar gaseous disc. The star shows no excess radiation in the near-infrared spectral region and a strong excess in the far-infrared that we interpret as radiation from a large disc, whose inner edge is located very far from the star (550 au) and does not attenuate its radiation. We conclude that IRAS 22150+6109 is an intermediate-mass star that is currently undergoing a short pre-main-sequence evolutionary stage.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Using 3D geodynamic slab models in tectonic reconstruction
Creators: name: Creighton, Reuben
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2020

description: In this thesis, two regions of convergent Cenozoic tectonics are investigated, and recent subduction is reconstructed using 3D models that map the surface of subducted slabs in the mantle. In Iran, the subduction of the Neotethys ocean prior to the collision of the Arabian continent with Eurasia is reconstructed, and the debates regarding the age of continental collision, slab tearing, and the generation of adakitic magmatism are examined. From the magnitude of reconstructed subducted lithosphere, a younger collision 28-27 Ma is favoured. Tearing of the slab along the margin occurs post-collision, initiating in the north-west at ~ 22 Ma and in central Iran at ~18 Ma. The second region of study is the Pamir and Hindu Kush. Seismic velocity anomalies and active deep seismicity here have led to numerous interpretations of the morphology of the subducted lithosphere in this region. Two possible interpretations are modelled and evaluated with reference to evidence from surface geology. Recent extensional tectonics, evidenced by the exhumation of detachment fault-bounded metamorphic domes, and geodetic evidence both favour a single Eurasian slab rolling back, and producing oroclinal bending in the Pamir. In the proposed model an extended basin once joined the Tarim and Tadjik, floored by oceanic lithosphere. Subduction was triggered as it was overridden by the advancing Indian continent, around the time of the Oligocene-Miocene boundary. Rapid rollback of the Pamir slab ahead of the advancing Indian continent explains current available evidence for extension and exhumation during an episode of large-scale collisional tectonics in the Miocene.
Proceedings: 2nd International Conference on Food and Agricultural Economics: DRY MATTER CONTENT AND ORGANIC ACIDS IN TOMATOES, GREENHOUSE GROWN UNDER DIFFERENT MANURING AND IRRIGATION MODES
Creators: name: Stoyanova, Antoniya
name: Veleva, Petya
name: Valkova, Elica
name: Pevicharova, Galina
name: Georgiev, Mitko
name: Valchev, Nikolay
name: Stoyanova, Antoniya
name: Veleva, Petya
name: Valkova, Elica
name: Pevicharova, Galina
name: Georgiev, Mitko
name: Valchev, Nikolay
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: tomatoes
subject: irrigation
subject: fertilization
subject: dry matter
subject: organic acids
subject: ascorbic acid

description: The experimental work was carried out during the period 2016-2017 in Bulgaria. Subject of research are tomato Vitelio cultivar, greenhouse grown at three levels of manuring and different irrigation regimes. The purpose of this study is to research the effect of applying three manuring schemes on irrigation with an optimal irrigation regime (M) and a controlled water deficit, with 75% and 50% of the irrigation rate being applied to dry matter and organic acids. From the presented distributions of the tested quality parameters of greenhouse tomatoes, it can be seen that the dry matter and titrimetric organic acids ratios are close to normal, and for the ascorbic acid indicator there are larger variations in the base values. The data is eligible for the sampling representatively requirements. Significant levels of p <0.05 were obtained for the three researched indicators, i. E. the results of multi-variate dispersion analysis could be used in order to develop strategies for irrigation and manuring of tomatoes to reduce environmental risk. Considering the quality indicator: ascorbic acid a decrease in the quantities has been registered with an increase in the manuring norms. The analysis of the results found that when increasing fertilizer levels, the content of ascorbic acid decreased, i.e., there is an increase in the cost of tomato production and a decrease in the quality of tomatoes.
Proceedings: 2nd International Conference on Food and Agricultural Economics: RESPONSE OF COTTON TO FERTILIZING LEVELS IN THE CONDITIONS OF SOUTHERN BULGARIA
Creators: name: Panayotova, Galina
name: Kostadinova, Svetla
name: Pleskuta, Lubov
name: Panayotova, Galina
name: Kostadinova, Svetla
name: Pleskuta, Lubov
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Farm Management
subject: cotton
subject: fertilization
subject: nitrogen
subject: phosphorus
subject: seed-cotton yield
subject: dry matter

description: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of different application rates of nitrogen and phosphorus on seed-cotton yield and total biomass of cotton (G. hirsutum L.), grown during the period 2012-2014 in Chirpan, Bulgaria, in crop-rotation with durum wheat under non-irrigated conditions. The soil type was Leached vertisols. The experimental design was a randomized complete block with four replications. Single and combined nitrogen as NH4NO3 in rates 0; 80; 120 and 160 kg.ha-1 and phosphorus in rates 0; 80 and 120 kg.ha-1 were tested. The year conditions had greatest share in the total variation of the factors – 67.4 %. The N influence on seed-cotton yield was 13.0 % and of phosphorus - 0.45 % of total variation. No significant differences in the total seed-cotton yield occurred as a function of the NP interaction. The nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers used in cotton production remain important, as N has a decisive influence, while phosphorus has less effect. Under the influence of N fertilization, the total seed-cotton yield significantly increased by 26.6-32.9 % compared to the check (1.32 t.ha-1), and under fertilization P120– by 2.9 %. An alone phosphorous fertilization was not cost-effective agronomic activity. Application of increasing NP rates in different rates showed good economic results regarding the yield. The maximum effective yield and net return from cotton cultiar Darmi can be secured by application of N120-160P80-120 to cotton crop at Central South Bulgaria - 26.6-37.8 % more than the unfertilized. Total average dry biomass at maturity was 5.51 t.ha-1. The total dry matter was more than the unfertilized by 24.0; 40.8 and 62.8 % at N80, N120 and N160 respectively. The phosphorous fertilization increased the yield of biomass by 7.6 % at P80 and by 3.4 % at P120. The year conditions had strong effect on seed-cotton yield and total biomass. The main reason for the high yields in 2014 for all tested rates, as well as the control, was the very good combination of temperature and rainfall during the vegetation period.
Finite Size Effects and Conformal Symmetry of $O(N)$ Nonlinear $σ$ Model in Three Dimensions
Creators: name: Fujii, Akira
name: Inami, Takeo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the $O(N)$ nonlinear $σ$ model on a three-dimensional compact space $S^1 \times S^2$ (of radii $L$ and $R$ respectively) by means of large $N$ expansion, focusing on the finite size effects and conformal symmetries of this model at the critical point. We evaluate the correlation length and the Casimir energy of this model and study their dependence on $L$ and $R$. We examine the modular transformation properties of the partition function, and study the dependence of the specific heat on the mass gap in view of possible extension of the $C-$theorem to three dimensions.
description: 12 pages uuencoded compressed PostScript file including 1 figure
Effects of Virtual Monopoles
Creators: name: de Rujula, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electromagnetism would be a ``more unified'' theory if there were elementary magnetic monopoles and/or particles with both electric and magnetic charges (dyons). I discuss the simplest possibilities for the addition of these entities onto the Standard Model, and their empirical consequences. Lower limits on the masses of monopoles and dyons stemming from their quantum effects on current observables turn out to be much stronger than the existing limits from direct searches. Anomalies in the three-photon decay of the $Z$ constitute good specific signatures for monopoles or dyons. $T$-odd observables in the $e^+e^-\!\rightarrow\! W^+W^-$ process are signatures for dyons, but they are severely constrained by existing data. The subjects of monopolium, monopole cosmology and non-elementary monopoles are also discussed.
description: 21 pages + 5 PS figures (7273fg1 thru 7273fg5 available via anonymous ftp to /archive/electronic/cern/9405 on darssrv1.cern.ch) requires PHYZZX macro, CERN-TH.7273/94
Report of the superintendent of Indian affairs, for British Columbia, for 1872 & 1873
Creators: name: Powell, Israel Wood, 1836-1915
Publisher: name: Ottawa : I. B. Taylor
Year: 2016

description: "Report of I. W. Powell." -- Lowther, B. J., & Laing, M. (1968). A bibliography of British Columbia: Laying the foundations, 1849-1899. Victoria, BC: University of Victoria, p. 49.

"Printed by order of Parliament." -- Title page.
Scenes on pacific shores; with a trip across South America
Creators: name: Croasdaile, Henry E.
Publisher: name: London : Town and Country Publishing Company
Year: 2015

description: "In two chapters the author gives an account of hunting, fishing and travel on Vancouver Island, and of a tour of duty in Esquimalt." -- Lowther, B. J., & Laing, M. (1968). A bibliography of British Columbia: Laying the foundations, 1849-1899. Victoria, BC: University of Victoria, p. 49.
Synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of novel isoquinoline N-sulphonylhydrazones designed as ROCK inhibitors
Creators: name: Oliveira, Ramon Guerra De
name: Guerra, Fabiana Sélos
name: Mermelstein, Cláudia Dos Santos
name: Fernandes, Patrícia Dias
name: Isadora Tairinne De Sena Bastos
name: Costa, Fanny Nascimento
name: Barroso, Regina Cely Rodrigues
name: Ferreira, Fabio Furlan
name: Fraga, Carlos Alberto Manssour
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: In this study, we synthesized a new congener series of N-sulphonylhydrazones designed as candidate ROCK inhibitors using the molecular hybridization of the clinically approved drug fasudil (1) and the IKK-β inhibitor LASSBio-1524 (2). Among the synthesized compounds, the N-methylated derivative 11 (LASSBio-2065) showed the best inhibitory profile for both ROCK isoforms, with IC50 values of 3.1 and 3.8 µM for ROCK1 and ROCK2, respectively. Moreover, these compounds were also active in the scratch assay performed in human breast cancer MDA-MB 231 cells and did not display toxicity in MTT and LDH assays. Molecular modelling studies provided insights into the possible binding modes of these N-sulphonylhydrazones, which present a new molecular architecture capable of being optimized and developed as therapeutically useful ROCK inhibitors.
Weak-value amplification forWeyl-point separation in momentum space
Creators: name: Chen, Shizhen
name: Mi, Chengquan
name: Wu, Weijie
name: Zhang, Wenshuai
name: Luo, Hailu
name: Wen, Shuangchun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The existence of Weyl nodes in the momentum space is a hallmark of a Weyl semimetal (WSM). A WSM can be confirmed by observing its Fermi arcs with separated Weyl nodes. In this paper, we study the spin- orbit interaction of light on the surface of WSM in the limit that the thickness is ultra-thin and the incident surface does not support Fermi arc. Our results show that the spin-dependent splitting induced by the spin-orbit interaction is related to the separation of Weyl nodes. By proposing an amplification technique called weak measurements, the distance of the nodes can be precisely determined. This system may have application in characterizing other parameters of WSM.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures
Linear Differential Equations for a Fractional Spin Field
Creators: name: Cortes, J. L.
name: Plyushchay, M. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The vector system of linear differential equations for a field with arbitrary fractional spin is proposed using infinite-dimensional half-bounded unitary representations of the $\overline{SL(2,R)}$ group. In the case of $(2j+1)$-dimensional nonunitary representations of that group, $0<2j\in Z$, they are transformed into equations for spin-$j$ fields. A local gauge symmetry associated to the vector system of equations is identified and the simplest gauge invariant field action, leading to these equations, is constructed.
description: 15 pages, LATEX, revised version of the preprint DFTUZ/92/24 (to be published in J. Math. Phys.)
Treaty of Washington : its negotiation, execution, and the discussions relating thereto
Creators: name: Cushing, Caleb, 1800-1879
Publisher: name: New York : Harper & Brothers
Year: 2015

description: "Articles XXXIV to XLII of the treaty provided for arbitration to determine which channel would form the boundary line between Vancouver Island and the United States. Chapter 4 gives a history of the northwest boundary dispute and a review of the positions of the British and American governments (p. 220-225). The author was a leading advocate of the American claim." -- Lowther, B. J., & Laing, M. (1968). A bibliography of British Columbia: Laying the foundations, 1849-1899. Victoria, BC: University of Victoria, p. 49.
Ground-state wavefunction of macroscopic electron systems
Creators: name: Fulde, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Wavefunctions for large electron numbers $N$ are plagued by the Exponential Wall Problem (EWP), i.e., an exponential increase in the dimensions of Hilbert space with $N$. Therefore they loose their meaning for macroscopic systems, a point stressed in particular by W. Kohn. The EWP has to be resolved in order to be able to perform electronic structure calculations, e.g., for solids. The origin of the EWP is the multiplicative property of wavefunctions when independent subsystems are considered. Therefore it can only be avoided when wavefunctions are formulated so that they are additive instead, in particular when matrix elements involving them are calculated. We describe how this is done for the ground state of a macroscopic electron system. Going over from a multiplicative to an additive quantity requires taking a logarithm. Here it implies going over from Hilbert space to the operator- or Liouville space with a metric based on cumulants. The operators which define the ground-state wavefunction generate fluctuations from a mean-field state. The latter does not suffer from an EWP and therefore may serve as a vacuum state. The fluctuations have to be {\it connected} like the ones caused by pair interactions in a classical gas when the free energy is calculated (Meyer's cluster expansion). This fixes the metric in Liouville space. The scheme presented here provides a solid basis for electronic structure calculations for the ground state of solids. In fact, its applicability has already been proven. We discuss also matrix product states, which have been applied to one-dimensional systems with results of high precision. Although these states are formulated in Hilbert space they are processed by using operators in Liouville space. We show that they fit into the general formalism described above.
description: 29 pages, 3 figures
Local BRST cohomology in the antifield formalism: II. Application to Yang-Mills theory
Creators: name: Barnich, G.
name: Brandt, F.
name: Henneaux, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Yang-Mills models with compact gauge group coupled to matter fields are considered. The general tools developed in a companion paper are applied to compute the local cohomology of the BRST differential $s$ modulo the exterior spacetime derivative $d$ for all values of the ghost number, in the space of polynomials in the fields, the ghosts, the antifields (=sources for the BRST variations) and their derivatives. New solutions to the consistency conditions $sa+db=0$ depending non trivially on the antifields are exhibited. For a semi-simple gauge group, however, these new solutions arise only at ghost number two or higher. Thus at ghost number zero or one, the inclusion of the antifields does not bring in new solutions to the consistency condition $sa+db=0$ besides the already known ones. The analysis does not use power counting and is purely cohomological. It can be easily extended to more general actions containing higher derivatives of the curvature, or Chern-Simons terms.
description: 30 pages Latex file, ULB-TH-94/07, NIKHEF-H 94-15
Finishing the job: How American presidents justify exit strategies in humanitarian interventions
Creators: name: Samson, Anuradha
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2020

description: Humanitarian interventions to stop mass atrocities are among America's most controversial uses of military force overseas since the end of the Cold War. While there is much research analysing justifications for and conduct of humanitarian interventions, there is very little scholarly investigation of how and why interventions end. Indeed, successive US presidents have struggled to implement exit strategies from humanitarian interventions with the outcome often dismissed as 'mission creep'. In this thesis, I use US presidential rhetoric as a way to understand exit strategy dynamics in humanitarian interventions. In particular, I explore how American presidents publicly justified their exit strategies in four interventions from 1991--2011---northern Iraq, Somalia, Kosovo and Libya. My normative concepts analysis of more than 700 texts shows how presidents craft exit strategies through practices of public justification and legitimation to their domestic audience. I argue a president's discursive engagement is constrained by three groups of normative expectations shaping the realm of imagined possibilities for how America should use force when responding to humanitarian crises; specifically the US should: (1) fulfil its moral responsibility to stop atrocities, fight evil and promote political transformation; (2) win its military engagements; and (3) avoid quagmires. These expectations frame justifiable uses of military force, but also exist in tension with one another, and are in turn affected by changing battlefield conditions, past intervention experiences, domestic and international pressures, and personal preferences. How presidents navigate these tensions affects their exit decisions, including failures to implement exit strategies. My thesis is the first comparative analysis of America's exit strategies in four of the most significant humanitarian interventions of the post-Cold War era. By using public justification analysis to illuminate decision-making dynamics, I overcome the shortcomings of applying extant victory, war termination and end state planning theories to humanitarian interventions. By identifying the normative constraints on exit strategy decision-making, I demonstrate how and why mission creep occurs. My thesis provides evidence for military planners and policy advisers, having decided to use force to stop a mass atrocity, to take normative expectations seriously in considering when and how troops will withdraw.
An extremely low mid-infrared extinction law toward the Galactic Center and 4% distance precision to 55 classical Cepheids
Creators: name: Chen, Xiaodian
name: Wang, Shu
name: Deng, Licai
name: de Grijs, Richard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Distances and extinction values are usually degenerate. To refine the distance to the general Galactic Center region, a carefully determined extinction law (taking into account the prevailing systematic errors) is urgently needed. We collected data for 55 classical Cepheids projected toward the Galactic Center region to derive the near- to mid-infrared extinction law using three different approaches. The relative extinction values obtained are AJ/AKs = 3.005, AH/AKs = 1.717, A[3.6]/AKs = 0.478, A[4.5]/AKs = 0.341, A[5.8]/AKs = 0.234, A[8.0]/AKs = 0.321, AW1/AKs = 0.506, and AW2/AKs = 0.340. We also calculated the corresponding systematic errors. Compared with previous work, we report an extremely low and steep mid-infrared extinction law. Using a seven-passband 'optimal distance' method, we improve the mean distance precision to our sample of 55 Cepheids to 4%. Based on four confirmed Galactic Center Cepheids, a solar Galactocentric distance of R_0 = 8.10\pm0.19\pm0.22 kpc is determined, featuring an uncertainty that is close to the limiting distance accuracy (2.8%) for Galactic Center Cepheids.
description: 29 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication by The Astrophysical Journal
Differential expression of the ascorbate oxidase multigene family of Camellia sinensis in response to stress
Creators: name: Kun-Hong Tian
name: Pan, Cheng
name: Yang, Yuan-Fei
name: Lei-Gang Wang
name: Qi-Lu Sun
name: Pan, Yu-Ting
name: Ye-Yun Li
name: Jia-Yue Jiang
name: Jiang, Chang-Jun
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Apoplastic ascorbate oxidase (AO) plays a major role in cell growth. Although AO genes have been studied in depth, some articles have mistakenly identified AO homologues as AO genes. Overall, the divergence between AO genes and AO homologues has not been explored. Meanwhile, there is little information concerning AO and the AO homologue with respect to Camellia sinensis. In the present study, one CsAO homologue and three CsAOs were confirmed by RT-PCR amplification, cloning and sequencing. Multicopper oxidase type 1 (PF00394), type 2 (PF07731) or type 3 (PF07732) domains and one transmembrane helix were the key domains for each member of the cupredoxin family. The CsAOs with their counterparts from seven dicotyledonous plants and three monocotyledonous plants were used to build phylogenetic tree and compare the deduced polypeptides. CsAO may be strongly expressed in the stretch expanded tissues, including bud and root. The abiotic stress-induced expression pattern of the CsAO homologue (CsAO2) is similar to those of CsAO1, CsAO3 and CsAO4. A new and very large group of AO homologues, which may function as AO genes, was present in both dicotyledonous and monocotyledonous plants. Our study may help in identifying stress-responsive AO genes of plants.
ФИЗИКО - ХИМИЧЕСКИЕ И ПРОТИВООПУХОЛЕВЫЕ СВОЙСТВА НАНОКОМПОЗИТОВ НА ОСНОВЕ НАТРИЙ – КАРБОКСИМЕТИЛЦЕЛЛЮЛОЗЫ И НАНОЧАСТИЦ СЕЛЕНА
Creators: name: Юнусов, Х.Э.
name: Сарымсаков, А.А.
name: Туракулов, Ф.М.
name: Бычковский, П.М.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: К числу достигнутых мировым научным сообществом научно-технических прогрессов относится создание нового поколения наноструктурированных полимерных препаратов и материалов для практической медицины [1].
Ocean to ocean : Sandford Fleming's expedition through Canada in 1872. Being a diary kept during a journey from the Atlantic to the Pacific with the expedition of the engineer-in-chief of the Canadian Pacific and Intercolonial railways. With sixty illustrations
Creators: name: Grant, George Monro, 1835-1902
Publisher: name: Toronto : James Campbell & Son
Year: 2015

description: "The expedition crossed the Rocky Mountains by the Yellow Head Pass, journeyed along the North Thompson River to Kamloops, and from there to Yale and the Pacific. Several editions were published during the 1870's. Revised edition with introduction by William L. Grant and with bibliography: Toronto, The Radisson Society of Canada, 1925." -- Lowther, B. J., & Laing, M. (1968). A bibliography of British Columbia: Laying the foundations, 1849-1899. Victoria, BC: University of Victoria, p. 50.
The Sine-Gordon Model as $\SO(n)_{1} \times \SO(n)_{1} \over \SO(n)_{2}$ Perturbed Coset Theory and Generalizations
Creators: name: Tateo, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ground state of the $\SO(2n)_{1} \times \SO(2n)_{1} \over \SO(2n)_{2}$ coset theories, perturbed by the $ϕ^{id,id}_{adj}$ operator and those of the sine-Gordon theory, for special values of the coupling constant in the attracting regime, is the same. In the first part of this paper we extend these results to the $\SO(2n-1)$ cases. In the second part, we analyze the Algebraic Bethe Ansatz procedure for special points in the repulsive region. We find a one-to-one ``duality'' correspondence between these theories and those studied in the first part of the paper. We use the gluing procedure at the massive node proposed by Fendley and Intriligator in order to obtain the TBA systems for the generalized parafermionic supersymmetric sine-Gordon model. In the third part we propose the TBA equations for the whole class of perturbed coset models $G_k \times G_l \over G_{k+l}$ with the operator $ϕ^{id,id}_{adj}$ and $G$ a non-simply-laced group generated by one of the $\G_2,\F_4,\B_n,\C_n$ algebras.
description: DFTT-20/94, 26 pages, latex file. (A reference and 2 notes added)
Background Symmetries In Orbifolds With Discrete Wilson Lines
Creators: name: Love, A.
name: Sabra, W. A.
name: Thomas, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Target space symmetries are studied for orbifold compactified string theories containing Wilson line background fields. The symmetries determined are for those moduli which contribute to the string loop threshold corrections of the gauge coupling constants. The groups found are subgroups of the modular group $PSL(2, Z)$ and depend on the choice of discrete Wilson lines and the shape of the underlying six-dimensional lattice.
description: 31 pages, QMW--TH--94/05
Prediction of two-dimensional nodal-line semimetal in a carbon nitride covalent network
Creators: name: Chen, Haiyuan
name: Zhang, Shunhong
name: Jiang, Wei
name: Zhang, Chunxiao
name: Guo, Heng
name: Liu, Zheng
name: Wang, Zhiming
name: Liu, Feng
name: Niu, Xiaobin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Carbon nitride compounds have emerged recently as a prominent member of 2D materials beyond graphene. The experimental realizations of 2D graphitic carbon nitride g-C$_3$N$_4$, nitrogenated holey grahpene C$_2$N, polyaniline C$_3$N have shown their promising potential in energy and environmental applications. In this work, we predict a new type of carbon nitride network with a C$_9$N$_4$ stoichiometry from first principle calculations. Unlike common C-N compounds and covalent organic frameworks (COFs), which are typically insulating, surprisingly C$_9$N$_4$ is found to be a 2D nodal-line semimetal (NLSM). The nodal line in C$_9$N$_4$ forms a closed ring centered at $Γ$ point, which originates from the pz orbitals of both C and N. The linear crossing happens right at Fermi level contributed by two sets of dispersive Kagome and Dirac bands, which is robust due to negligible spin-orbital-coupling (SOC) in C and N. Besides, it is revealed that the formation of nodal ring is of accidental band degeneracy in nature induced by the chemical potential difference of C and N, as validated by a single orbital tight-binding model, rather than protected by crystal in-plane mirror symmetry or band topology. Interestingly, a new structure of nodal line, i.e., nodal-cylinder, is found in momentum space for AA-stacking C$_9$N$_4$. Our results imply possible functionalization for a novel metal-free C-N covalent network with interesting semimetallic properties.
Additional SEM and TEM images. from Revisiting behaviour of monometallic catalysts in chemical vapour deposition synthesis of single-walled carbon nanotubes
Creators: name: Xiang, Rong
name: Maruyama, Shigeo
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 30399 Macromolecular and Materials Chemistry not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 100799 Nanotechnology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Nanotechnology

description: Figure S1 Original SEM image of SWNTs grown from Co catalyst on TEM grid; Figure S2 Original TEM images of Ni catalyst before and after growth; Figure S3 Original SEM image of SWNTs grown from Fe catalyst on suspended SiO2; Figure S4 Original TEM image of SWNTs grown from Fe catalyst on suspended SiO2; Figure S5 Original TEM images of Cu catalyst after SWNT growth; Figure S6 Original TEM images of Pd catalyst after reduction.
Fusion $U_q(G^{(1)}_2)$ vertex models and analytic Bethe ans{ä}tze
Creators: name: Suzuki, Junji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce fusion $U_q(G^{(1)}_2)$ vertex models related to fundamental representations. The eigenvalues of their row to row transfer matrices are derived through analytic Bethe ans{ä}tze. By combining these results with our previous studies on functional relations among transfer matrices(the $T$-system), we conjecture explicit eigenvalues for a wide class of fusion models. These results can be neatly expressed in terms of a Yangian analogue of the Young tableaux.
description: 11p. Plain Tex (2 figures will be sent upon request)
Dix ans sur la cote du Pacifique : par un missionnaire canadien, en faveur d'une bonne Œuvre
Creators: name: Blanchet, François Xavier, 1835-1906
Publisher: name: Quebec : [publisher not identified]
Year: 2015

description: Attributed to François Xavier Blanchet (Pseud) / Cf. Pseudonymes québeacois / Vinet, Bernard,1924-
Solving the Exponential Growth of Symbolic Regression Trees in Geometric Semantic Genetic Programming
Creators: name: Martins, Joao Francisco B. S.
name: Oliveira, Luiz Otavio V. B.
name: Miranda, Luis F.
name: Casadei, Felipe
name: Pappa, Gisele L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Advances in Geometric Semantic Genetic Programming (GSGP) have shown that this variant of Genetic Programming (GP) reaches better results than its predecessor for supervised machine learning problems, particularly in the task of symbolic regression. However, by construction, the geometric semantic crossover operator generates individuals that grow exponentially with the number of generations, resulting in solutions with limited use. This paper presents a new method for individual simplification named GSGP with Reduced trees (GSGP-Red). GSGP-Red works by expanding the functions generated by the geometric semantic operators. The resulting expanded function is guaranteed to be a linear combination that, in a second step, has its repeated structures and respective coefficients aggregated. Experiments in 12 real-world datasets show that it is not only possible to create smaller and completely equivalent individuals in competitive computational time, but also to reduce the number of nodes composing them by 58 orders of magnitude, on average.
description: 8 pages, In proceedings of Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference (GECCO 2018), Kyoto, Japan
Surface Motions and Fluid Dynamics
Creators: name: Hoppe, Jens
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A certain class of surface motions, including those of a relativistic membrane minimizing the 3-dimensional volume swept out in Minkowski-space, is shown to be equivalent to 3-dimensional steady-state irrotational inviscid isentropic gas-dynamics. The SU($\infty $) Nahm equations turn out to correspond to motions where the time $t$ at which the surface moves through the point $\ssatop\rhup{r}$ is a harmonic function of the three space-coordinates. This solution also implies the linearisation of a non-trivial-looking scalar field theory.
description: 9 pages, Plain TeX, YITP/K-1069 unreadable character codes are corrected