cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Design and Analysis of a Shock Absorber with a Variable Moment of Inertia Flywheel for Passive Vehicle Suspension
Creators: name: Xu, Tongyi
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2013
Subjects: two-terminal mass
variable moment of inertia flywheel
passive vehicle suspension
variable vehicle body mass
ride comfort
tire grip
suspension deflection

description: Conventional vehicle suspensions consist of a spring and a damper, while mass is rarely used. A mass, if properly used, can also create a damping-like effect. However, a mass has only one terminal which makes it difficult to be incorporated into a suspension. In order to use a mass to achieve the damping-like effect, a two-terminal mass (TTM) has to be designed. However, most of the reported TTMs are of fixed moment of inertia (TTM-CMI), which limits the further improvement of the suspension performance and responsiveness to changes in environment and driving conditions. In this study, a TTM-based vibration absorber with variable moment of inertia (TTM-VMI) is proposed. The main component of the proposed TTM absorber contains a hydraulic-driven flywheel with sliders. The moment of inertia changes with the positions of the sliders in response to the driving conditions. The performance of the proposed TTM-VMI absorber has been analyzed via dynamics modeling and simulation and further examined by experiments. The analysis results indicate that the TTM-VMI absorber outperforms the TTM-CMI design in terms of body displacement; and ride comfort, tire grip and suspension deflection for zero and impulse inputs with comparable performance for sinusoidal input.
Explainable AI: Improving the clarity of attention maps by differentiable binarization
Creators: name: Munir, Muhammad Talha
name: :Unav
Publisher: name: Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft
Year: 2022

description: Visual explanation enables humans to understand the decision-making process of neural networks. The attention branch network architecture is a promising approach for explainable neural networks. It generates attention maps highlighting the regions in the image relevant for classification. In this thesis, investigations are being carried out to what extent the significance of attention map values can be further increased. As an approach, multiple loss functions were applied over the attention values and evaluated the resulting attention maps. The introduction of the loss function over the attention maps helped in obtaining concise and differentiable binarized attention maps while keeping the model performance similar. This improves the clarity in the attention maps which in turn improved the explainability of the model.
Hadrurinae Stahnke 1974
Creators: name: Soleglad, Michael E.
name: Fet, Victor
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2003
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Scorpiones
Iuridae

description: Subfamily Hadrurinae Stahnke, 1974   Type Genus. Hadrurus Thorell, 1876.
 Composition. This monotypic subfamily includes a
 single genus Hadrurus.
 Distribution. North America (USA and Mexico).
 Taxonomic history. The content of Hadrurinae is changed here since we transfer the genus Anuroctonus to Chactidae (subfamily Uroctoninae), so that the subfamily is now monotypic.
 Biogeographic history. Species of Hadrurus are the largest desert scorpions in North America, and their evolution clearly is connected to aridization of this continent (Morafka et al., 1994). DNA phylogeny of this genus (Fet et al., 2001) agrees with its Mexican origin as suggested earlier (Soleglad, 1976a).
 Diagnosis. Synapomorphies. Major neobothriotaxy present on ventral aspect of pedipalpal chela, and on ventral and external aspects of patella; ventral surface of leg tarsus with fused spinule cluster groups; leg tarsus unguicular spur well-developed; genital papillae of male absent. Important Symplesiomorphies. Chelal trichobothrium  Et 5  positioned on fixed finger; dorsal edge of cheliceral movable finger with two subdistal denticles; leg coxae IV elongated; lateral carinae partially present on metasomal segment IV; chela with “10-carinae” configuration.
 Discussion. See discussion above under subfamily Uroctoninae for the reasons for removing Anuroctonus from Iuroidea.
description: Published as part of Soleglad, Michael E. & Fet, Victor, 2003, High-level systematics and phylogeny of the extant scorpions (Scorpiones: Orthosterni), pp. 1-175 in Euscorpius 2003 (11) on page 111, DOI: 10.18590/euscorpius.2003.vol2003.iss11.1, http://zenodo.org/record/13237351
Adaptive random testing
Creators: name: Chen, Tsong
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: Random testing is a basic testing technique. Motivated by the observation that neighboring inputs normally exhibit similar failure behavior, the approach of adaptive random testing has recently been proposed to enhance the fault detection capability of random testing. The intuition of adaptive random testing is to evenly spread the randomly generated test cases. Experimental results have shown that adaptive random testing can use as fewer as 50% of test cases required by random testing with replacement to detect the first failure. These results have very significant impact in software testing, because random testing is a basic and popular technique in software testing. In view of such a significant improvement of adaptive random testing over random testing, it is very natural to consider to replace random testing by adaptive random testing. Hence, many works involving random testing may be worthwhile to be reinvestigated using adaptive random testing instead. Obviously, there are different approaches of evenly spreading random test cases. In this tutorial, we are going to present several approaches, and discuss their advantages and disadvantages. Furthermore, the favorable and unfavorable conditions for adaptive random testing would also be discussed. Most existing research on adaptive random testing involves only numeric programs. The recent success of applying adaptive random testing for non-numeric programs would be discussed.
Konzeption eines Kunststoff-Metall-Hybridgehäuses für einen ressourcenschonenden Elektromotor
Creators: name: Biagetti, Marco
name: :Unav
Publisher: name: Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft
Year: 2023
Subjects: Elektromotor
PerKuel

description: Um den Ressourcenverbrauch und die Auswirkungen auf die Klimaerwärmung zu verringern, werden verstärkt Elektrofahrzeuge verwendet. Hier können zukünftig Kunststoff-Metall-Hybrid Gehäuse in Elektromotoren zum Einsatz kommen. In heutigen Serienanwendungen stellt man das Gehäuse aus Aluminium im Druckgussverfahren her. In dieser Arbeit wird erforscht, wie stark sich das Gewicht eines Gehäuses und das Global Warming Potential der Materialien durch die Hybridtechnik verringern lässt. Dazu wird eine erste Konzeption eines Hybridgehäuses erstellt. Durch Nutzung des Spritzgussverfahrens wird darauf geachtet, dass eine Eignung für eine günstige Großserienproduktion vorliegt. Es findet eine systematische Werkstoffauswahl statt, um für diese Anwendung einen Werkstoff mit optimalen Eigenschaften herauszufiltern. Davon ausgehend werden verschiedene Konzepte erstellt und durch mechanische Simulationen und Toleranzkettenabschätzungen validiert. In der finalen Auswertung vergleicht man den Stand der Technik mit dem erarbeiteten prototypischen Hybrdigehäuse, und es werden erreichte Verbesserungen und noch offenen Potentiale betrachtet.
description: The amount of raw material needed and the influence on global warming of an electric traction motor’s housing can be greatly reduced by using plastic-metal-hybrids. In today’s high-volume automotive production, housings are mainly made of aluminum using the die casting process. This thesis will research how the global warming potential of materials used and their weight can be reduced by using hybrid technology. Resulting will be a conceptual prototype of a hybrid housing. By considering injection molding as a manufacturing method during the design, it will later be possible to manufacture the housing in high-volume production. First, a material selection will filter the best-suited plastic material for this application. Afterwards, different conceptual designs will be elaborated, which will be tested in a mechanical simulation and then further validated using a tolerance chain analysis. In the final evaluation, the conceptual prototype will be compared to the state of the art made out of aluminum, and thus improvements and further potentials can be quantified.
Licensing Conditions for Indefinite Pronouns in Modern Hebrew
Creators: name: Tonciulescu, Keren C.
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2011
Subjects: Indefinite pronouns
Hebrew
alternatives
syntax-semantics interface
Hamblin semantics

description: The dissertation investigates syntactic and semantic aspects of the indefinite pronoun system in Modern Hebrew and consists of an experimental part and a theoretical part. The experimental part presents the grammaticality judgment task conducted to test three theoretical questions: (1) the relation between negation and the licensing of AF `any' and KOL `any'; (2) the contrast between EYZE `some' and EYZESEHU `some' in terms of specificity; and (3) the correlation between syntactic position and free choice readings. Three main theoretical findings are contributed by this work. First, it is shown that from a typological viewpoint, Hebrew, a Semitic language, patterns with Romance and Germanic languages, rather than Japanese-type languages, in having indefinite pronouns specialized for particular operators available in the discourse. Second, the thesis proposes a novel unified syntax-semantics for KOL which accounts for its interpretational variability. Working with the Kratzer and Shimoyama (2002) framework where indefinite pronouns generate sets of individual alternatives, the semantics of a KOL--modified noun phrase is formalized as a variable and containing a restriction. When this restriction ranges over kinds, KOL receives a generic reading; when the restriction is over a contextually specified set of entities, KOL has an episodic reading. In these cases, the KOL--phrase moves to the argument position of a universal quantifier which binds the individual alternatives generated by the KOL--phrase. If KOL stays in situ, the individual alternatives are allowed to expand into propositional alternatives, resulting in the free choice reading. Third, I discuss the DP-internal structure of [eyze(N)se-hu (N)] and [(N) kol(N)se-hu], treating 'se-hu' as a CP. I propose that there is a correlation between the postnominal position and the free choice readings of these pronouns, suggesting that domain restrictions, usually derived in the semantics-pragmatics, may also be encoded in the syntax. If this hypothesis is on the right track, it could provide us with a better understanding of how and when in the process of language acquisition domain restrictions found with indefinite pronouns are acquired.
Exploring Innovative Strategies for Energy Efficiency and Energy Harvesting in Mobile Sensor Platforms for Urban Monitoring
Creators: name: Prasad, Rachita Guru
name: :Unav
Publisher: name: Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft
Year: 2024
Subjects: Urbanist mobile sensor platform
energy efficiency
MatBeyoNDT

description: This thesis presents a comprehensive approach to enhancing the energy efficiency and self-sufficiency of the Urbanist mobile sensor platform, an Internet of Things (IoT) device designed to monitor emissions and movement data of vehicles in urban areas. Green IoT principles guide this work, aiming to reduce the power consumption of connected devices through energy efficient design and renewable energy harvesting. Given the Urbanist module's sustainability mission, this research explores and implements a range of strategies to align its operation with environmental goals. To minimize energy consumption, the study introduces several techniques, including the selection of low-power microcontrollers, sleep modes for power conservation, adaptive sampling, and passive wakeup mechanisms that respond to environmental triggers, thus reducing the need for constant active monitoring. Motion detection algorithms differentiate between actual movement and false positives, ensuring that the device only activates when necessary. Additionally, this thesis explores parallel processing on dual-core microcontrollers, which enables concurrent data acquisition and transmission, improving data handling efficiency. To further optimize power use, efficient data transmission techniques were developed. Methods such as data frame stacking and periodic batching were introduced to reduce communication frequency, significantly lowering transmission power. In addition to energy efficiency, this research emphasizes renewable energy harvesting as a pathway toward greater device self-sufficiency. This thesis explores solar and wind energy harvesting across diverse conditions, intending to demonstrate the capacity of renewable energy to supplement the device’s power needs. Field trials and controlled lab testing validate these strategies, showing that they collectively enhance energy efficiency and support the goal of sustainable, autonomous operation. Overall, this work contributes to the advancement of sustainable IoT, providing practical approaches to energy efficient data acquisition and transmission for mobile monitoring platforms.
Judicial Inquiries and the Rule of Law
Creators: name: Hoole, Grant Russell
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2015
Subjects: Public Inquiries
Judges
Separation of Powers
Rule of Law

description: The aim of this thesis is to demonstrate that the conduct of judge-led commissions of inquiry in Canada could be improved, and rendered more consistent with purposive values embodied in the rule of law, were judicial commissioners to observe a principle of fidelity to adjudication. The rule of law, practically understood as a political and legal ideal, treats independence as integral to the judicial role in interpreting and applying law, safeguarding the Constitution, and honouring individual rights. Public confidence in the independence and integrity of Canada’s judiciary flows not just from constitutional safeguards, however, but from judicial observance of adjudicative procedure. So too does confidence that in exercising their functions, judges respect the boundaries commanded by the separation of powers. Contrary to categorical distinctions that are often drawn between commissions of inquiry and courts, adjudicative procedure is an essential feature of many inquiries. This is so because the participants in such inquiries legitimately demand an assurance of justice equivalent to that associated with traditional judicial proceedings. Recognizing this commonality does not mean burdening public inquiries with the evidentiary and procedural rigidity of courts. It does suggest, however, that adjudication has a valuable (if non-exclusive) role to play in the conduct of some inquiries, establishing a compelling reason why judges should be their leaders. Fidelity to adjudication directs judicial commissioners to account for this reality when confronting common dilemmas and challenges in inquiry conduct. I explore the methodological implications of fidelity to adjudication in two broad areas, first concerning procedural fairness, and second concerning the protection of a commissioner’s independence. Finally, I consider how fidelity to adjudication establishes boundaries cautioning against judicial service in inquiries that demand different conceptions of justice, or advance different notions of truth-seeking, than those in which judges are traditionally informed. A principled alignment is thus established between judicial service on commissions of inquiry, judicial methods and skills, and observance of the rule of law.
Terahertz time-domain spectroscopy for ultrafast and quasi-static characterizations of germanium
Creators: name: Bergen, Mark
name: Holzman, Jonathan
Publisher: name: IEEE Transactions on Terahertz Science and Technology
Year: 2021

description: In this work, we carry out a comprehensive study of charge carrier dynamics in germanium spanning its ultrafast to quasi-static timescales. The study makes use of a continuous-wave (CW) near-infrared (NIR) pump and terahertz (THz) probe beams to realize a CW NIR pumped THz-time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) system with frequency-selective homodyne detection. This enables characterizations of ultrafast charge carrier scattering, while the detection is locked to the THz probe beam, and quasi-static charge carrier recombination, while the detection is locked to the CW NIR pump beam. The ultrafast THz-TDS characterization reveals scatter times of 239 fs for electrons and 204 fs for holes at low pump intensities, which reduce to scatter times of 186 fs for electrons and 159 fs for holes at higher pump intensities. These scatter times give good agreement to the literature mobility of germanium at low intensities and indicate carrier-carrier scattering at higher intensities. The quasi-static THz-TDS characterization suggests that the charge carrier lifetime is dominated by surface states. The manifestation of surface states is gleaned by characterizing germanium samples with varying forms of microhole arrays. This reveals lifetimes ranging from 1.5 to 8.6 μs, in good agreement with a linearized model with a surface recombination velocity of 14 200 cm/s. Ultimately, the experimental results from the CW NIR pump THz-TDS system and the applied theoretical models give an accurate depiction of the charge carrier dynamics that evolve in germanium over its ultrafast to quasi-static timescales.
Gender Issues in English Literature: A 21st Century Aspect
Creators: name: Dinesh, Kumar
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: There is no doubt that literature is a reflection of life and society. It faithfully reflects the day-today happening in one’s life. The characters’ experiences in the literary works are, no doubt, the experiences of ordinary individuals in society. Putting ourselves in place of the characters that we come across in literature, gives one the feeling and sense of what would we have done in thatparticular situation. The English literature has been divided according to different periods which reflect different environments and atmospheres. Like men, the position of women has also been a key concern in literary works. The situation of females has changed over time. From the time of the middle ages till the present time, there have been radical and drastic changes in the positionof women. We can discuss the condition of a particular age that contributed a great deal to shaping the image of women as we can witness through various works written by both males and females from the Middle Ages, the age of Chaucer, the Elizabethan era, the Neo-classical era, Romantic age, Victorian age to the present modern and post-modern period.Keywords: Ages, civilization, delineation, patriarchy, position, predicament, reflection
Book review: 'White Negritude: race, writing, and Brazilian cultural identity,' by Alexandra Isfahani-Hammond
Creators: name: Veracini, Lorenzo
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: Reviews the book 'White Negritude: race, writing, and Brazilian cultural identity', by Alexandra Isfahani-Hammond, published by Palgrave Macmillan, New York, 2008.
Research on the multiple successive impact resistant behaviors of biomimetic laminated basalt fiber-reinforced composite with double-twisted Bouligand structure
Creators: name: Han, Qigang
name: Shi, Mingdi
name: Shi, Shaoqian
name: Han, Jincheng
name: Li, Rui
name: Wei, Rubin
name: Dong, Bin
name: Zhai, Wen
name: Cheng, Fei
name: Li, Bo
name: Han, Zhiwu
name: Ren, Luquan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Hematology
subject: Plant Biology

description: Basalt fiber-reinforced composite (BFRC) is extensively used in various fields such as rail transportation and aerospace. However, how to design the structure of BFRC to optimize its impact resistance remains a great challenge. Herein, inspired by the double-twisted Bouligand structure of coelacanth scales, a biomimetic BFRC is prepared. Significantly, the peak impact force of double-twisted BFRC (DT-BFRC) is 3408.12 N, which increases by 48.56% compared with unidirectionally laminated BFRC (UL-BFRC). The maximum residual elastic modulus of DT-BFRC reaches 7.88 J, which is 236.75% higher than that of UL-BFRC. This work offers a promising way to efficiently develop impact resistant BFRC.
Combining polymer extrusion with plasma surface modification to optimize adhesion in additive manufacturing
Creators: name: Noor, Muzammil
name: :Unav
Publisher: name: Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft
Year: 2023
Subjects: plasma
plasma surface modification
additive manufacturing

description: Increasing interest in 3D-printed high-performance polymers is observed due to their excellent mechanical properties and high resistance to thermal and chemical degradation. Models prepared by using material extrusion techniques have low interlaminar strength. The reason is the lamination principle itself as the models are prepared using layer-by-layer deposition and solidification of fused material which results in low interlaminar strength because of weak adhesion bonding and ultimately ends in poor rupture strength. Despite the other various process parameters; infill density, infill pattern, and line thickness it is evident that interlaminar bindings also have a strong effect on the mechanical sustainability of models. Functionalization of a material surface by using atmospheric pressure plasma containing some active species (ions, electrons, free radicles) is used to enhance the surface free energy (SFE) and wettability by activation of functional groups on material interfaces. Atmospheric pressure plasma jet (APPJ) and ring-shaped plasma source (RSPS) were mounted on a commercially available 3D-printer to treat the polymers using helium and oxygen as feed gas to generate plasma. Both systems are different in terms of plasma treatment and plasma dosage. In this research, the characterization of plasma was performed preliminary to get optimized parameters (plasma flame size, plasma dose, dissipated power, etc.) to treat polymers including polypropylene (PP), polyamide (PA6), polylactic acid (PLA), and acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS). Investigations on contact angle and SFE were made before and after the plasma treatment of printed polymers. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) measurements were carried out to evaluate surface chemistry and X-ray photon spectroscopy (XPS) was performed to endorse the results. Improvements in adhesion strength were confirmed by performing cross-cut tests. Surface morphology and surface roughness of polymer surfaces was investigated with the help of laser scanning microscopy (LSM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Finally, a 10-18% increase in the rupture force of used polymers has been noticed with different plasma systems. Additionally, a 133% increase in rupture force was noticed for epoxy-infiltrated plasma-treated ABS polymer.
Deconstructing Rapid Reviews: An Exploration of Knowledge, Traits and Attitudes
Creators: name: Kelly, Shannon E.
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2015
Subjects: rapid review
evidence synthesis
time factors
decision-making
research methodology

description: ‘Rapid review’ is an accelerated evidence synthesis approach that has emerged to meet the needs of knowledge users in healthcare settings who require timely input to support evidence-informed policy and practice questions. Although use of rapid reviews continues to expand, there is a paucity of research on this topic. This thesis addresses three identified knowledge gaps: 1) To address the lack of an established definition for rapid reviews, a modified Delphi process was used to pursue expert consensus on the defining characteristics of rapid reviews and an operational definition; 2) To further our understanding of the prevalent opinions and perceptions towards rapid reviews, a Q methodology was used to characterize the viewpoints of research producers and knowledge users; and, 3) To extend our knowledge on the characteristics, conduct and reporting quality of rapid reviews, compliance with currently accepted checklists (AMSTAR, PRISMA) was explored in a sample of recent rapid reviews.
Integrating IP Protocol Into Optical Networks by Using Software-defined Network (SDN)
Creators: name: Al-Ani, Layth
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2015
Subjects: Software-Defined Network
Optical Communication
IP Protocol
SDN

description: The Internet, with cloud computing, offers amazing services that require a fast, intelligent, reliable network connection. Current networks, electrical or optical, need to work together to provide the user with a high-quality connection. The IP protocol as Layer 3 and an optical network as Layer 2 need to talk to each other and help each other instead of working separately. Therefore, this thesis proposes using software-defined network (SDN) technology for integrating the IP protocol into an optical network to fill the gap between the two layers and to give the network more intelligence and flexibility for new connection requests, choosing the best route, and monitoring the network. A two-layer SDN centralized controller design has been used. The Layer 1 SDN controller is the centralized controller that connects and updates all Layer 2 SDN controllers which control traffic in each domain. New connection requests are processed in the SDN controller and the traffic is forwarded by the optical network. SDN technology and the integration of IP into the optical network promise to enhance network connectivity.
Assessing Early-Stage Research Results: An Application of Characteristics of Innovation Frameworks
Creators: name: Alhassan, Enas
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2015
Subjects: Research Results Assessment
Technology Transfer
Diffusion of Innovation
Perceived Characteristics of Innovation
Technology Acceptance Model
Advanced Biofuel

description: The aim of this study is to identify characteristics that can be used to assess early-stage research results by research users and research producers of the advanced biofuel sector. Mainly, it qualitatively explores the perceptions of both research users and research producers regarding their experiences with research results. The study builds on the models of Diffusion of Innovation (DoI), Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and Perceived Characteristics of Innovation (PCI). The findings of this study suggest that the investigated dimensions of DoI, PCI and TAM are applicable to the context of assessing research results with the extra dimension of risk reduction. In particular, some of the criteria used to assess the usefulness of research results are through its originality, scalability and relevance. The findings also suggest that documentation and publication are important to research users: Research users assess ease of use based on the presentation of the research results in their documentation; and they assess the quality of research results based on publications and the reputation of researchers. The findings of this study can be used to tailor research results to research users’ needs, which in turn can be expected to improve the uptake and further development of research results. This will not only permit the push of scientific research results to research users only put also permit research users to inform research needs.
Behaviour and Inspection of Novel Non-Crimp Dry Thick Reinforcement Fabrics
Creators: name: BU JLDAIN, HAFETH
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2015
Subjects: Thick reinforcement textile
Non-crimp fabric
Infrared thermography
NDT method
Bending behaviour
In-plane shear behaviour
Textile inspection

description: Aerospace structural components made from polymer matrix composites (PMCs) offer numerous advantages. Their high stiffness and high strength combined with low densities enable lower fuel consumption coupled with higher payloads. As a result, PMCs provide an important economic advantage over typical metallic airframes. Textile reinforcements for PMCs are made by assembling reinforcement fibres, typically carbon. Then, the textile reinforcements are typically cut into smaller pieces, stacked, draped and assembled into a dry assembly called a preform, the shape of which generally approaches that of the PMC part to be made. This manufacturing process is labour intensive and expensive. Novel thick, net-shape, drapable, high vf textile reinforcements used toward manufacturing aerospace PMCs are being developed at the University of Ottawa. The technology enables the manufacturing of flat, drapable multilayered near net-shape preforms. The bending and in-plane shear behaviours of such novel thick reinforcement textiles was investigated to understand and define the behaviour of such thick fabric reinforcements when formed into required shapes. A bending apparatus was developed for investigating the bending behaviour of these novel thick reinforcement fabrics and an articulated frame shear rig was used for investigating the in-plane shear behaviour. A non-destructive inspection method using infrared imaging was used for investigating and identifying flaws and defects in these thick, dry textile reinforcements, aiming at increasing the quality and reproducibility of the final PMC parts made from these reinforcements.
Supplementary document for Luminous Efficacy Enhancement for LED Lamps using Highly Reflective Quantum Dot-based Photoluminescent Films - 5394499.pdf
Creators: name: Yu, Binhai
name: Lu, Zhou
name: Liang, Guanwei
name: Yuan, Yikai
name: Wang, Hong
name: He, Jinqing
name: Yang, Shu
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2025
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supporting information
Optimierungsbasierte Analyse von Anreizsystemen für Photovoltaik-Eigenstromversorgung in Mehrfamilienhäusern
Creators: name: Prewitz, Kristian
name: :Unav
Publisher: name: Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft
Year: 2021
Subjects: Eigenstrom
Mieterstrom
Mehrfamilienhaus
Photovoltaik

description: The expansion of photovoltaics is an important pillar of the energy transition in Germany. In order to achieve the Paris climate goals and to avoid competition for land between agriculture and solar systems, all technical roof area potentials should be used. Roofs of multi-family houses offer great potential in connection with a self-supply of electricity, the so-called tenant electricity (Mieterstrom). In contrast to feed-in only, self-supplying photovoltaic systems allow the generation of decentralized and load-related power. The government’s incentives in the form of reduced electricity price components and the tenant electricity surcharge included in the German Renewable Energy Sources Act (EEG) since 2017 are facing a large amount of administrative effort and have not yet been sufficient to incentivize any significant expansion. In this thesis, the framework conditions for tenant electricity in Germany are summarized and, based on barriers in the existing system, incentives are developed to accelerate the expansion of self-supplying photovoltaic power on multi-family buildings. The incentive systems developed include individual government measures, variable electricity tariffs, and the integration of electric cars and heat supply into the energy system of the building. The focus is on so far unprofitable, smaller buildings. The incentives are analyzed in one current and three medium-term price scenarios and with the help of a mixed integer linear optimization model with 15 minutes resolution. It can be shown that all developed incentive schemes lead to a more economical operation of tenant electricity projects. The advantages are particularly significant for the integration of variable loads. In the short term, the abolition of administrative hurdles and targeted subsidy programs are promising measures.
Management of City Traffic, Using Wireless Sensor Networks with Dynamic Model
Creators: name: Rahman, Mustazibur
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2014
Subjects: city traffic
wireless sensor networks
dynamic model
congestion reduction
road traffic monitoring
Poisson distribution
traffic-direction
traffic performance
optimization
intersection
road-segment
green-light cycle
threshold factor
exhaustive search technique
simulation

description: Road network of a region is of a paramount importance in the overall development. Management of road traffic is a key factor for the city authority and reducing the road traffic congestion is a significant challenge in this perspective. In this thesis, a Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) based road-traffic monitoring scheme with dynamic mathematical traffic model is presented that will not necessarily include all adjacent intersections of a block; rather the important major intersections of a city. The objective of this scheme is to reduce the congestion by re-routing the vehicles to better performing road-segments by informing the down-stream drivers through broadcasting the congestion information in a dedicated radio channel. The dynamic model can provide with the instantaneous status of the traffic of the road-network. The scheme is a WSN based multi-hop relay network with hierarchical architecture and composed of ordinary nodes, Cluster-Head nodes, Base Stations, Gateway nodes and Monitoring and Control Centers (MCC) etc. Through collecting the traffic information, MCC will check the congestion status and in defining the congestion, threshold factors have been used in this model. For the congested situation of a road-segment, a cost function has been defined as a performance indicator and estimated using the weight factors (importance) of these selected intersections. This thesis considered a traffic network with twelve major intersections of a city with four major directions. Traffic arrivals in these intersections are assumed to follow Poisson distribution. Model was simulated in Matlab with traffic generated through Poisson Random Number Generator and cost function was estimated for the congestion status of the road-segments over a simulation period of 1440 minutes starting from midnight. For optimization purpose we adopted two different approaches; in the first approach, performance of the scheme was evaluated for all threshold factor values iteratively one at a time, applying a threshold factor value to define threshold capacities of all the road segments; traffic was generated and relative cost has been estimated following the model specifications with the purpose of congestion avoidance. In the second approach, different values of threshold factor have been used for different road segments for determining the optimum set-up, and exhaustive search technique has been applied with a smaller configuration in order to keep computations reachable. Simulation results show the capacity of this scheme to improve the traffic performance by reducing the congestion level with low congestion costs.
The Role of Corticosteroids in Nitrogen Excretion of the Gulf Toadfish (Opsanus beta)
Creators: name: Rodela, Tamara
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2011
Subjects: Nitrogen excretion
Urea
Ammonia
Cortisol
Glucocorticoid receptor
Teloest
Opsanus beta
Rhesus glycoprotein
Urea transport

description: In contrast to most teleost fish that are ammoniotelic, the gulf toadfish (Opsanus beta) is both facultatively ureogenic and ureotelic. In vivo pharmacological manipulations were used to show that lowering circulating cortisol levels or blocking glucocorticoid receptors (GR) enhanced both urea excretion and urea pulse size. These findings demonstrated that changes in pulsatile urea excretion in the toadfish are mediated by the permissive action of cortisol through GRs. Measurement of urea transport across isolated basolateral gill membranes revealed a cortisol-sensitive carrier mechanism. Cortisol infusion in vivo significantly reduced urea transport capacity, suggesting that cortisol inhibits the recruitment of urea transport proteins (UT) to the basolateral membrane to ultimately decrease the size of the urea pulse in toadfish. A 1.2 kb fragment of the upstream transcription start site for the toadfish urea transporter (tUT) gene was isolated and in silico analysis revealed the presence of several putative glucocorticoid response element (GRE) half sites. Toadfish provided with this regulatory sequence in a reporter gene construct showed increased reporter gene transcription driven by cortisol. The data indicated that cortisol-mediated upregulation of tUT mRNA by GREs may be necessary to maintain tUT activity. Four Rhesus (Rh) glycoproteins (Rhag, Rhbg, Rhcg1, Rhcg2) were isolated from toadfish; these sequences grouped with those of other vertebrates coding for membrane channels that transport ammonia. In vivo increases in circulating cortisol reduced branchial Rh glycoprotein expression and decreased ammonia excretion. These changes were accompanied by cortisol-induced increases in glutamine synthetase activity, an enzyme that captures ammonia for urea synthesis. Taken together, the data indicated that cortisol reduces the loss by branchial excretion of ammonia, instead favouring biochemical pathways that convert ammonia to urea. This thesis confirms that nitrogen excretion in toadfish is controlled and regulated in fashions unlike those in other teleosts. The results demonstrate the importance of the GR signaling pathway in mediating changes in both urea and ammonia transport through molecular mechanisms. As a whole, the data provide a new understanding of branchial nitrogen excretion in the gulf toadfish and enhance our evolutionary perspective of the integrated biological systems involved in nitrogen excretion in fish.
Potentialstudie Tiefengeothermie in der Fernwärmeversorgung
Creators: name: Maliakkal Malakkaran, Dens
name: :Unav
Publisher: name: Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft
Year: 2023
Subjects: Geothermie

description: In der vorliegenden Masterarbeit wurden mittels der Modellierung multivalenter tiefengeothermischer Vollversorgungskonzepte die Einsatzmöglichkeiten der Tiefengeothermie als treibhausgasneutrale Option für die leitungsgebundene Wärmeversorgung analysiert. Durch die Systematisierung der Wärmenetze nach den Siedlungstypen kann für unterschiedliche Regionen - welche sich vorwiegend in hydrothermal nachgewiesenen Potentialregionen befinden - der Deckungsbeitrag der Tiefengeothermie ermittelt werden. Zur Simulation eines möglichen Transformationspfades werden die regionalen Vollversorgungskonzepte für das Zieljahr 2045 sowie die Erzeugerkomponenten der Fernwärmeversorgung aus dem Jahr 2020 herangezogen. Dabei wird der zukünftige Wärmebedarf anhand realistischer Entwicklungsszenarien auf das Zieljahr 2045 prognostiziert. Durch die Berücksichtigung realistischer Erschließungspfade der Tiefengeothermie und die Variation der Wärmenetztemperatur können die energetische und leistungsbezogene Deckungsrate der Geothermie für das Zieljahr 2045 ermittelt werden. Die vorliegenden Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Tiefengeothermie mittels ambitionierter Erschließungspfade der Dubletten, eine zentrale Erzeugerquelle für Klein- bis Großstädte in den hydrothermalen Potentialregionen sein kann. Dabei ergibt sich, dass die Tiefengeothermie eine grund- bis mittellastfähige Erzeugerquelle für die leitungsgebundene Wärmeversorgung darstellt. In Mittel- und Großstädten kann bis zu 57 % der Erzeugungsleistung der betrachteten Regionen durch Tiefengeothermie bereitgestellt werden. Gleichzeitig kann in Klein- bis Großstädten mindestens 72 % Wärmebedarfs im Zieljahr durch die Tiefengeothermie gedeckt werden, wobei die Integration weiterer Erzeugerquellen für den Spitzenlastbereich notwendig ist. Unter bestimmten Randbedingungen kann in Kleinstädten theoretisch eine monovalente Versorgung mittels Tiefengeothermie sichergestellt werden. Dem Gegenüber zeigt sich, dass die Erschließung vorhandener tiefengeothermischer Potentiale für Landgemeinden mit niedrigem Fernwärmebedarf unter technoökonomischen Randbedingungen nicht immer zielführend ist. Trotz ambitionierter tiefengeothermischer Erschließungspfade ist für große Großstädte, aufgrund des hohen Fernwärmebedarfs, eine Kombination aus diversen Energiequellen notwendig. Ein derart hoher Bedarf erfordert - primär in großen Großstädten - eine starke Elektrifizierung der Fernwärme und den Einsatz von Wasserstoff im Spitzenlastbereich. Die Senkung der Netztemperatur ermöglicht einen Verzicht auf die exergetische Aufwertung der Tiefengeothermie und Steigerung der energetischen Deckungsraten, wobei dies jedoch ambitionierte Effizienzmaßnahmen auf der Verbraucherseite erfordert.
Advances in evaporated solid-phase-crystallized poly-Si thin-film solar cells on glass (EVA)
Creators: name: Kunz, O.
name: Ouyang, Z.
name: Wong, J.
name: Aberle, A. G.
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: Polycrystalline silicon thin-film solar cells on glass obtained by solid-phase crystallization (SPC) of PECVD-deposited a-Si precursor diodes are capable of producing large-area devices with respectable photovoltaic efficiency. This has not yet been shown for equivalent devices made from evaporated Si precursor diodes (“EVA” solar cells). We demonstrate that there are two main problems for the metallization of EVA solar cells: (i) shunting of the p-n junction when the air-side metal contact is deposited; (ii) formation of the glass-side contact with low contact resistance and without shunting. We present a working metallization scheme and first current-voltage and quantum efficiency results of 2 cm2 EVA solar cells. The best planar EVA solar cells produced so far achieved fill factors up to 64%, series resistance values in the range of 4-5Ωcm2, short-circuit current densities of up to 15.6mA/cm2, and efficiencies of up to 4.25%. Using numerical device simulation, a diffusion length of about 4 μm is demonstrated for such devices. These promising results confirm that the device fabrication scheme presented in this paper is well suited for the metallization of EVA solar cells and that the electronic properties of evaporated SPC poly-Si materials are sufficient for PV applications.
Les cercles de lecture à l'école : une analyse de l'expression des expériences personnelles des élèves
Creators: name: Rousseau, Céline
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2013
Subjects: cercle de lecture
cercle de lecture scolaire
cercle de lecture 6e année
expression d'expériences personnelles
cercle de lecture analyse des discussions
intérêt pour la lecture
lecture construction de sens

description: Il est bien établi dans la recherche que le goût de lire est associé au succès scolaire de l’élève. Lorsque les élèves développent le goût de lire, ils démontrent un engagement envers cette activité. Or, les cercles lecture semblent justement être un moyen de parvenir à créer un tel engagement. C’est pourquoi nous avons choisi d’étudier cette activité afin de chercher à comprendre comment les expériences personnelles des élèves sont mises à profit dans la construction de sens en lecture. Pour y arriver, nous avons observé six groupes d’élèves de 6e année pendant cinq semaines consécutives lors des cercles de lecture. Nos analyses ont porté sur les relations que les élèves établissent entre le texte lu et leurs expériences passées, présentes et futures. Ces observations ont été mises en lien avec leur intérêt pour la lecture, lequel a été mesuré avant le début des cercles de lecture. Pour obtenir un portrait plus complet, une entrevue d’un des groupes de discussion a été réalisée. Au total, les références les plus fréquentes ont été faites aux expériences passées des élèves. Cela pourrait confirmer l’importance du rôle du « réservoir expérientiel » défini par Rosenblatt. En ce qui concerne la relation entre l’intérêt pour la lecture et les références aux expériences personnelles des élèves, nous avons relevé que le groupe de discussion qui est intervenu le plus grand nombre de fois au sujet d'expériences personnelles était formé de trois élèves dont les résultats au questionnaire étaient supérieurs à la moyenne de la classe.
Energetische Gebäudesimulation zur Analyse der Vorlauftemperaturabsenkung im sanierten Gebäudebestand
Creators: name: Miersch, Tom
name: :Unav
Publisher: name: Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft
Year: 2024
Subjects: Vorlauftemperaturabsenkung
Wohngebäudestand
Sanierungsmaßnahme
Sanierungspaket
energetische Gebäudesimulation

description: Die vorliegende Arbeit untersucht das Potenzial der Vorlauftemperaturabsenkung im sanierten Wohngebäudebestand mithilfe von energetischen Gebäudesimulationen. Ziel ist es, für ein konkretes Referenzgebäude im Quartier Eichkamp in Gelsenkirchen die maximal mögliche Reduktion der Vorlauftemperatur unter Beibehaltung des thermischen Komforts zu bestimmen. Hierzu wird das Referenzgebäude inklusive des dynamischen Nutzereinflusses realitätsnah modelliert. Zur Untersuchung verschiedener Sanierungsstandards werden sechs Sanierungspakete mit unterschiedlichen Sanierungseffektivitäten definiert und dem Bestandsgebäude aufgeprägt. Als zusätzliche Maßnahme wird der selektive Heizkörperaustausch und dessen Auswirkung auf die Vorlauftemperaturabsenkung untersucht. In einer Parameterstudie wird die Vorlauftemperatur schrittweise abgesenkt, um die maximale Vorlauftemperaturabsenkung unter Beibehaltung des thermischen Komforts, definiert durch eine ganzjährige operative Temperatur von mindestens 21,5 °C in beheizten Wohnräumen, zu detektieren. Zudem erfolgt die Berechnung der Mindest-Vorlauftemperatur auf Basis des vereinfachten Normverfahrens nach DIN EN 12831 unter Berücksichtigung gleicher Randbedingungen, um die Ergebnisse beider Methoden zu evaluieren. Die Analyse zeigt, dass durch energetische Gebäudesimulationen präzise Vorhersagen zur Vorlauftemperaturabsenkung getroffen werden können. Insbesondere erlaubt die Berücksichtigung von instationären Wechselwirkungen eine genaue Bestimmung der Mindest-Vorlauftemperaturen für die einzelnen Sanierungspakete. Im Fall des Referenzgebäudes führt eine Reduktion der Vorlauftemperatur von 70 °C auf 50 °C beim wirtschaftlichsten Sanierungspaket zu einer Erhöhung der Wärmepumpeneffizienz um 30 %. Die Arbeit beweist, dass die Vorlauftemperaturabsenkung sowohl energetisch als auch ökonomisch vorteilhaft ist. Hierbei kann der selektive Heizkörperaustausch als zusätzlicher wirtschaftlicher Hebel zur Vorlauftemperaturabsenkung betrachtet werden. Ein Vergleich mit den Ergebnissen des vereinfachten Normverfahrens nach DIN EN 12831 offenbart, dass die über das Normverfahren ermittelten Mindest-Vorlauftemperaturen durchschnittlich 7,8 % über den simulierten Werten liegen, wodurch das Einsparpotenzial einer Vorlauftemperaturabsenkung tendenziell unterschätzt wird. Obwohl das Normverfahren eine einfachere und schnellere Abschätzung ermöglicht, empfiehlt sich die energetische Gebäudesimulation für eine detaillierte gebäudespezifische Untersuchung, insbesondere bei der Planung von strombasierten Wärmeerzeugungssystemen.