cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
On a quantum martingale convergence theorem
Creators: name: Johnson, Kyler S.
name: Kozdron, Michael J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46G10, 46N50, 47N30, 81P15

description: It is well-known in quantum information theory that a positive operator valued measure (POVM) is the most general kind of quantum measurement. Mathematically, a quantum probability is a normalised POVM, namely a function on certain subsets of a (locally compact and Hausdorff) sample space that satisfies the formal requirements for a probability measure and whose values are positive operators acting on a complex Hilbert space. A quantum random variable is an operator valued function which is measurable with respect to a quantum probability. In the present work, we study quantum random variables and generalize several classical limit results to the quantum setting. We prove a quantum analogue of the Lebesgue dominated convergence theorem and use it to prove a quantum martingale convergence theorem. This quantum martingale convergence theorem is of particular interest since it exhibits non-classical behaviour; even though the limit of the martingale exists and is unique, it is not explicitly identifiable. However, we provide a partial classification of the limit through a study of the space of all quantum random variables having quantum expectation zero.
description: 14 pages, 0 figures
Differential Bloch Oscillating Transistor Pair
Creators: name: Sarkar, Jayanta
name: Puska, Antti
name: Hassel, Juha
name: Hakonen, Pertti J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine a Bloch Oscillating Transistor pair as a differential stage for cryogenic low-noise measurements. Using two oppositely biased, nearly symmetric Bloch Oscillating Transistors, we measured the sum and difference signals in the current gain and transconductance modes while changing the common mode signal, either voltage or current. From the common mode rejection ratio we find values $\sim 20$ dB even under non-optimal conditions. We also characterize the noise properties and obtain excellent noise performance for measurements having source impedances in the M$Ω$ range.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures
Evolutionary n-level Hypergraph Partitioning with Adaptive Coarsening
Creators: name: Preen, Richard J.
name: Smith, Jim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Hypergraph partitioning is an NP-hard problem that occurs in many computer science applications where it is necessary to reduce large problems into a number of smaller, computationally tractable sub-problems. Current techniques use a multilevel approach wherein an initial partitioning is performed after compressing the hypergraph to a predetermined level. This level is typically chosen to produce very coarse hypergraphs in which heuristic algorithms are fast and effective. This article presents a novel memetic algorithm which remains effective on larger initial hypergraphs. This enables the exploitation of information that can be lost during coarsening and results in improved final solution quality. We use this algorithm to present an empirical analysis of the space of possible initial hypergraphs in terms of its searchability at different levels of coarsening. We find that the best results arise at coarsening levels unique to each hypergraph. Based on this, we introduce an adaptive scheme that stops coarsening when the rate of information loss in a hypergraph becomes non-linear and show that this produces further improvements. The results show that we have identified a valuable role for evolutionary algorithms within the current state-of-the-art hypergraph partitioning framework.
A 4D gravity theory and G2-holonomy manifolds
Creators: name: Herfray, Yannick
name: Krasnov, Kirill
name: Scarinci, Carlos
name: Shtanov, Yuri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Bryant and Salamon gave a construction of metrics of G2 holonomy on the total space of the bundle of anti-self-dual (ASD) 2-forms over a 4-dimensional self-dual Einstein manifold. We generalise it by considering the total space of an SO(3) bundle (with fibers R^3) over a 4-dimensional base, with a connection on this bundle. We make essentially the same ansatz for the calibrating 3-form, but use the curvature 2-forms instead of the ASD ones. We show that the resulting 3-form defines a metric of G2 holonomy if the connection satisfies a certain second-order PDE. This is exactly the same PDE that arises as the field equation of a certain 4-dimensional gravity theory formulated as a diffeomorphism-invariant theory of SO(3) connections. Thus, every solution of this 4-dimensional gravity theory can be lifted to a G2-holonomy metric. Unlike all previously known constructions, the theory that we lift to 7 dimensions is not topological. Thus, our construction should give rise to many new metrics of G2 holonomy. We describe several examples that are of cohomogeneity one on the base.
description: 25 pages
On polynomially bounded operators with shift-type invariant subspaces
Creators: name: Gamal', Maria F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 47A15, Secondary 47A45, 47A60

description: A particular case of [07] was generalized from contractions to polynomially bounded operators in [G19]. Namely, it is proved in [G19] that if the unitary asymptote of a polynomially bounded operator $T$ contains the bilateral shift of multiplicity $1$, then there exists an invariant subspace $\mathcal M$ of $T$ such that $T|_{\mathcal M}$ is similar to the unilateral shift of multiplicity $1$. In the present paper, some corollaries of this result are given. In particular, reflexivity of polynomially bounded operators described above is proved.
description: Original proof is simplified. Additional results are added. Parts of arXiv:1803.03626v2 and arXiv:1812.01419v1 not published and submitted to journals are repeated
Modeling the Phase-Space Distribution around Massive Halos
Creators: name: Lam, Tsz Yan
name: Schmidt, Fabian
name: Nishimichi, Takahiro
name: Takada, Masahiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The comparison between dynamical mass and lensing mass provides a targeted test for a wide range of modified gravity models. In our previous paper we showed, through numerical simulations, that the measurement of the line-of-sight velocity dispersion around stacked massive clusters whose lensing masses are known allows for stringent constraints on modified gravity on scales of 2 - 15 Mpc/h. In this work we develop a semi-analytical approach based on the halo model to describe the phase-space distribution and the line-of-sight velocity dispersion for different tracers. The model distinguishes contributions from the halo pairwise velocity and the virial velocity within halos. We also discuss observational complications, in particular the contribution from Hubble flow, and show how our model can incorporate these complications. We then incorporate the effects of modified gravity (specifically, f(R) and braneworld models), and show that the model predictions are in excellent agreement with modified gravity simulations. More broadly, the phase-space distribution provides a sensitive test of our understanding of hierarchical structure formation when confronted with observations via this model.
description: 27 pages, 18 figures. To be submitted
БОЛАЛАРДА ВА ЎСМИРЛАРДА СЕМИЗЛИКНИ КЕЧИШИ
Creators: name: Кудратова, Гулсара
name: Холмурадова, Зилола
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Болаларда семириш ҳолати мураккаб тиббий-ижтимоий муомалардан бири ҳисобланади. Болаларда тана вазнини ошишида асосий патогенетик механизмида ирсий мойилликни урни , атрофдаги мухитни  ва  ижтимоий омилларни аҳамияти борлиги кўрсатилган. Тана вазни ошган болаларда ташҳис қуйиш ва даволаш ишларини олиб бориш  ҳозирги замон қарашлари   буйича йўналтирилган.
Quantum phases of incommensurate optical lattices due to cavity backaction
Creators: name: Habibian, Hessam
name: Winter, André
name: Paganelli, Simone
name: Rieger, Heiko
name: Morigi, Giovanna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ultracold bosonic atoms are confined by an optical lattice inside an optical resonator and interact with a cavity mode, whose wave length is incommensurate with the spatial periodicity of the confining potential. We predict that the intracavity photon number can be significantly different from zero when the atoms are driven by a transverse laser whose intensity exceeds a threshold value and whose frequency is suitably detuned from the cavity and the atomic transition frequency. In this parameter regime the atoms form clusters in which they emit in phase into the cavity. The clusters are phase locked, thereby maximizing the intracavity photon number. These predictions are based on a Bose-Hubbard model, whose derivation is here reported in detail. The Bose-Hubbard Hamiltonian has coefficients which are due to the cavity field and depend on the atomic density at all lattice sites. The corresponding phase diagram is evaluated using Quantum Monte Carlo simulations in one-dimension and mean-field calculations in two dimensions. Where the intracavity photon number is large, the ground state of the atomic gas lacks superfluidity and possesses finite compressibility, typical of a Bose-glass.
description: 17 pages, 15 figures, Correction of typo in the title (paper remains unchanged)
Sterile Neutrinos with Secret Interactions -- Cosmological Discord?
Creators: name: Chu, Xiaoyong
name: Dasgupta, Basudeb
name: Dentler, Mona
name: Kopp, Joachim
name: Saviano, Ninetta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Several long-standing anomalies from short-baseline neutrino oscillation experiments -- most recently corroborated by new data from MiniBooNE -- have led to the hypothesis that extra, 'sterile', neutrino species might exist. Models of this type face severe cosmological constraints, and several ideas have been proposed to avoid these constraints. Among the most widely discussed ones are models with so-called 'secret interactions' in the neutrino sector. In these models, sterile neutrinos are hypothesized to couple to a new interaction, which dynamically suppresses their production in the early Universe through finite-temperature effects. Recently, it has been argued that the original calculations demonstrating the viability of this scenario need to be refined. Here, we update our earlier results from arXiv:1310.6337 [JCAP 1510 (2015) no.10, 011] accordingly. We confirm that much of the previously open parameter space for secret interactions is in fact ruled out by cosmological constraints on the sum of neutrino masses and on free-streaming of active neutrinos. We then discuss possible modifications of the vanilla scenario that would reconcile sterile neutrinos with cosmology.
description: 15 pages, 5 figures, 1 table
Multi-modal Non-line-of-sight Passive Imaging
Creators: name: Beckus, Andre
name: Tamasan, Alexandru
name: Atia, George K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the non-line-of-sight (NLOS) imaging of an object using the light reflected off a diffusive wall. The wall scatters incident light such that a lens is no longer useful to form an image. Instead, we exploit the 4D spatial coherence function to reconstruct a 2D projection of the obscured object. The approach is completely passive in the sense that no control over the light illuminating the object is assumed and is compatible with the partially coherent fields ubiquitous in both the indoor and outdoor environments. We formulate a multi-criteria convex optimization problem for reconstruction, which fuses the reflected field's intensity and spatial coherence information at different scales. Our formulation leverages established optics models of light propagation and scattering and exploits the sparsity common to many images in different bases. We also develop an algorithm based on the alternating direction method of multipliers to efficiently solve the convex program proposed. A means for analyzing the null space of the measurement matrices is provided as well as a means for weighting the contribution of individual measurements to the reconstruction. This paper holds promise to advance passive imaging in the challenging NLOS regimes in which the intensity does not necessarily retain distinguishable features and provides a framework for multi-modal information fusion for efficient scene reconstruction.
An incomplete model of RRATs and of nulls mode-changes and subpulses
Creators: name: Jones, P B
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A model for pulsars with polar-cap magnetic flux density B antiparallel with rotational spin is described. It recognizes the significance of two elementary processes, proton production in electromagnetic showers and photoelectric transitions in ions accelerated through the blackbody radiation field, which must be present at the polar cap in the antiparallel case, but not for pulsars of the opposite spin direction. The two populations are likely to be indistinguishable observationally until curvature radiation pair creation ceases to be possible. The model generates, and provides a physically realistic framework for, the polar-cap potential fluctuations and their time-scales that can produce mode-changes and nulls. The RRATs are then no more than an extreme case of the more commonly observed nulls. The model is also able to support the basic features of subpulse drift and to some extent the null-memory phenomenon that is associated with it. Unfortunately, it appears that the most important neutron-star parameter for quantitative predictive purposes is the whole-surface temperature, a quantity which is not readily observable at the neutron-star ages concerned.
description: 12 pages
Linear colorings of subcubic graphs
Creators: name: Liu, Chun-Hung
name: Yu, Gexin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 05C15, 05C85

description: A linear coloring of a graph is a proper coloring of the vertices of the graph so that each pair of color classes induce a union of disjoint paths. In this paper, we prove that for every connected graph with maximum degree at most three and every assignment of lists of size four to the vertices of the graph, there exists a linear coloring such that the color of each vertex belongs to the list assigned to that vertex and the neighbors of every degree-two vertex receive different colors, unless the graph is $C_5$ or $K_{3,3}$. This confirms a conjecture raised by Esperet, Montassier, and Raspaud. Our proof is constructive and yields a linear-time algorithm to find such a coloring.
Describing galaxy weak lensing measurements from tenths to tens of Mpc and up to z~0.6 with a single model
Creators: name: Cacciato, Marcello
name: van Uitert, Edo
name: Hoekstra, Henk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The clustering of galaxies and the matter distribution around them can be described using the halo model complemented with a realistic description of the way galaxies populate dark matter haloes. This has been used successfully to describe statistical properties of samples of galaxies at z<0.2. Without adjusting any model parameters, we compare the predicted weak lensing signal induced by Luminous Red Galaxies to measurements from SDSS DR7 on much larger scales (up to ~90 h_{70}^{-1} Mpc) and at higher redshift (z~0.4). We find excellent agreement, suggesting that the model captures the main properties of the galaxy-dark matter connection. To extend the comparison to lenses at even higher redshifts we complement the SDSS data with shape measurements from the deeper RCS2, resulting in precise lensing measurements for lenses up to z~0.6. These measurements are also well described using the same model. Considering solely these weak lensing measurements, we robustly assess that, up to z~0.6, the number of central galaxies as a function of halo mass is well described by a log-normal distribution with scatter $σ_{\log L_{\rm c}}=0.146\pm0.011$, in agreement with previous independent studies at lower redshift. Our results demonstrate the value of complementing the information about the properties of the (lens) galaxies provided by SDSS with deeper, high-quality imaging data.
description: 15 pages, 8 figures, submitted to MNRAS
Sudden Change of Quantum Discord under Single Qubit Noise
Creators: name: Jia, Li-Xing
name: Li, Bo
name: Yue, R. -H.
name: Fan, Heng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the sudden change of quantum correlation can occur even when only one part of the composite entangled state is exposed to a noisy environment. Our results are illustrated through the action of different noisy environments individually on a single qubit of quantum system. Composite noise on the whole of the quantum system is thus not the necessarily condition for the occurrence of sudden transition for quantum correlation.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Homological algebra related to surfaces with boundary
Creators: name: Cieliebak, Kai
name: Fukaya, Kenji
name: Latschev, Janko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this article we describe an algebraic framework which can be used in three related but different contexts: string topology, symplectic field theory, and Lagrangian Floer theory of higher genus. It turns out that the relevant algebraic structure for all three contexts is a homotopy version of involutive bi-Lie algebras, which we call IBL$_\infty$-algebras.
description: 127 pages, 22 figures. Some references added in version 2. Fixed a tex problem in version 3
QCD results from ATLAS
Creators: name: Orlando, Nicola
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The most recent QCD measurements performed in ATLAS are reviewed; the results summarized here are based on data collected with the ATLAS detector during the 2010 and 2011 data taking in proton-proton collisions at center of mass energy sqrt s = 7 TeV at the Large Hadron Collider, corresponding approximately to an integrated luminosity of 36 pb^-1 and 4.6 fb^-1 respectively.
description: 10 pages, Workshop on high energy physics in the near future, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil, 17 - 24 Mar 2013
Ballistic Dark Matter oscillates above $Λ$CDM
Creators: name: Das, Anirban
name: Dasgupta, Basudeb
name: Khatri, Rishi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dark matter may have been relativistic and collisional until relatively late times and become cold and collisionless after a phase transition before the matter-radiation equality of the standard $Λ$CDM cosmology. We show that such a dark matter has large peculiar velocities due to acoustic oscillations before the phase transition, and evolves ballistically after the phase transition in the collisionless phase until the initial acoustic velocities are redshifted away. We show that this Ballistic Dark Matter (BDM) results in new non-trivial interesting features in the cosmological observables. In particular, the linear matter power spectrum exhibits acoustic oscillations on scales smaller than the Hubble scale at the time of phase transition, and for fast transitions the power at the acoustic peaks in the matter power spectrum exceeds that in a $Λ$CDM cosmology. If BDM only forms a part of the total dark matter, an odd vs. even acoustic peak asymmetry becomes prominent. We give an approximate analytical treatment of the linear perturbations in BDM, explaining these features. We also discuss the possibility to constrain BDM using cosmic microwave background and large scale structure data.
description: 17 pages, References updated, Matches published version
Of Bare Chested Men and Violence: Barbarians and War in 1980s games and press coverage
Creators: name: Brandenburg, Aurelia
name: Demleitner, Adrian
Publisher: name: hypotheses.org
Year: 2023
Subjects: Barbarian
BPjM
Masculinity
Violence
War
Video Game Studies
Video Game History

description: This text traces a joint inquiry into a loose link between bare chested men as protagonists and the depiction of violence in 1980s video games. For this analysis, we collaborated from our respective perspectives from historical and design research. Aurelia Brandenburg has a background in history, digital humanities and gender studies and Adrian Demleitner in software studies and design research. Our focus was on the reception as well as visual semantics of video games that used barbarian- or soldier-themed characters.
Correlations between SNe Ia Rates and Host Galaxy Properties
Creators: name: Pritchet, Yan Gao Chris J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Studying the correlation of type Ia supernova rates (SNR) with host galaxy properties is an important step in understanding the exact nature of type Ia supernovae. We use SNe Ia from the SDSS-II sample, spectroscopically determined masses and star formation rates, and a new maximum likelihood method, to fit the Scannapieco and Bildsten rate model $SNR = A{\times}M + B{\times}SFR$, where $M$ is galaxy mass and $SFR$ is star formation rate. We find $A = 3.5^{+0.9}_{-0.7}\times10^{-14}(\text{SNe/yr})(M_{\odot})^{-1}$ and $B =1.3^{+0.4}_{-0.3}\times10^{-3}(\text{SNe/yr})(M_{\odot}$yr$^{-1})^{-1}$, assuming overall efficiency of 0.5. This is in reasonable agreement with other determinations. However we find strong evidence that this model is a poor fit to other projections of the data: it fails to correctly predict the distribution of supernovae with host mass or SFR. An additional model parameter is required; most likely this parameter is related to host galaxy mass. Some implications of this result are discussed.
Asymptotic coverage probabilities of bootstrap percentile confidence intervals for constrained parameters
Creators: name: Wang, Chunlin
name: Marriott, Paul
name: Li, Pengfei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The asymptotic behaviour of the commonly used bootstrap percentile confidence interval is investigated when the parameters are subject to linear inequality constraints. We concentrate on the important one- and two-sample problems with data generated from general parametric distributions in the natural exponential family. The focus of this paper is on quantifying the coverage probabilities of the parametric bootstrap percentile confidence intervals, in particular their limiting behaviour near boundaries. We propose a local asymptotic framework to study this subtle coverage behaviour. Under this framework, we discover that when the true parameters are on, or close to, the restriction boundary, the asymptotic coverage probabilities can always exceed the nominal level in the one-sample case; however, they can be, remarkably, both under and over the nominal level in the two-sample case. Using illustrative examples, we show that the results provide theoretical justification and guidance on applying the bootstrap percentile method to constrained inference problems.
description: 22 pages, 6 figures
Computing Gibbs free energy differences by interface pinning
Creators: name: Pedersen, Ulf R.
name: Hummel, Felix
name: Kresse, Georg
name: Kahl, Gerhard
name: Dellago, Christoph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose an approach for computing the Gibbs free energy difference between phases of a material. The method is based on the determination of the average force acting on interfaces that separate the two phases of interest. This force, which depends on the Gibbs free energy difference between the phases, is computed by applying an external harmonic field that couples to a parameter which specifies the two phases. Validated first for the Lennard-Jones model, we demonstrate the flexibility, efficiency and practical applicability of this approach by computing the melting temperatures of sodium, magnesium, aluminum and silicon at ambient pressure using density functional theory. Excellent agreement with experiment is found for all four elements, except for silicon, for which the melting temperature is, in agreement with previous simulations, seriously underestimated.
Presidential Medal of Freedom and Certificate signed by the President, Awarded to Herbert H. Lehman (posthumously) by President Lyndon B. Johnson, December 6, 1963
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Presidential Medal of Freedom

description: Silver miniature medal, ribbon bar, and silver lapel emblem, in walnut presentation case lined with silver gray plush and white satin, with silver disk containing the arms of the President of the United States inset in the cover of the case. Certificates
Spread Divergence
Creators: name: Zhang, Mingtian
name: Hayes, Peter
name: Bird, Tom
name: Habib, Raza
name: Barber, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: For distributions $\mathbb{P}$ and $\mathbb{Q}$ with different supports or undefined densities, the divergence $\textrm{D}(\mathbb{P}||\mathbb{Q})$ may not exist. We define a Spread Divergence $\tilde{\textrm{D}}(\mathbb{P}||\mathbb{Q})$ on modified $\mathbb{P}$ and $\mathbb{Q}$ and describe sufficient conditions for the existence of such a divergence. We demonstrate how to maximize the discriminatory power of a given divergence by parameterizing and learning the spread. We also give examples of using a Spread Divergence to train implicit generative models, including linear models (Independent Components Analysis) and non-linear models (Deep Generative Networks).
On magnetic inhibition of photospheric macro-turbulence generated in the iron-bump opacity zone of O-stars
Creators: name: Sundqvist, J. O.
name: Petit, V.
name: Owocki, S. P.
name: Wade, G. A.
name: Puls, J.
name: Collaboration, the MiMeS
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Massive, hot OB-stars show clear evidence of strong macroscopic broadening (in addition to rotation) in their photospheric spectral lines. This paper examines the occurrence of such "macro-turbulence" in slowly rotating O-stars with strong, organised surface magnetic fields. Focusing on the CIV 5811A line, we find evidence for significant macro-turbulent broadening in all stars except NGC1624-2, which also has (by far) the strongest magnetic field. Instead, the very sharp CIV lines in NGC1624-2 are dominated by magnetic Zeeman broadening, from which we estimate a dipolar field of approximately 20 kG. By contrast, magnetic broadening is negligible in the other stars (due to their weaker field strengths, on order 1 kG), and their CIV profiles are typically very broad and similar to corresponding lines observed in non-magnetic O-stars. Quantifying this by an isotropic, Gaussian macro-turbulence, we derive vmac = 2.2 (+- 0.9/2.2) km/s for NGC1624-2, and vmac = 20-65 km/s for the rest of the magnetic sample. We use these observational results to test the hypothesis that the field can stabilise the atmosphere and suppress the generation of macro-turbulence down to stellar layers where the magnetic pressure PB and the gas pressure Pg are comparable. Using a simple grey atmosphere to estimate the temperature T0 at which PB = Pg, we find that T0 > Teff for all investigated magnetic stars, but that T0 reaches the ~160000 K layers associated with the iron opacity-bump in hot stars only for NGC1624-2. This is consistent with the view that the responsible physical mechanism for photospheric O-star macro-turbulence may be stellar gravity-mode oscillations excited by sub-surface convection zones, and suggests that a sufficiently strong magnetic field can suppress such iron-bump generated convection and associated pulsational excitation.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Automated data validation: an industrial experience report
Creators: name: Zhang, Lei
name: Howard, Sean
name: Montpool, Tom
name: Moore, Jessica
name: Mahajan, Krittika
name: Miranskyy, Andriy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: There has been a massive explosion of data generated by customers and retained by companies in the last decade. However, there is a significant mismatch between the increasing volume of data and the lack of automation methods and tools. The lack of best practices in data science programming may lead to software quality degradation, release schedule slippage, and budget overruns. To mitigate these concerns, we would like to bring software engineering best practices into data science. Specifically, we focus on automated data validation in the data preparation phase of the software development life cycle. This paper studies a real-world industrial case and applies software engineering best practices to develop an automated test harness called RESTORE. We release RESTORE as an open-source R package. Our experience report, done on the geodemographic data, shows that RESTORE enables efficient and effective detection of errors injected during the data preparation phase. RESTORE also significantly reduced the cost of testing. We hope that the community benefits from the open-source project and the practical advice based on our experience.
description: 39 pages, 3 figures, accepted by the Journal of Systems and Software, Elsevier
Aus Drei mach Eins… Zur Verstetigungsperspektive des Projekts FDM@HAW.rlp
Creators: name: Schimmer, Thomas M.
name: Richter, Manuela
name: Putzke, Johannes
name: Hamel, Lukas
name: Mehler-Bicher, Anett
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: SaxFDM
SaxFDM-Tagung 2023
FDM@HAW.rlp

description: Forschungsdatenmanagement (FDM) steckt an Hochschulen für angewandte Wissenschaften (HAW) noch in den Kinderschuhen. Innerhalb der Konsortien der Nationalen Forschungsdateninfrastruktur (NFDI) sind die HAWs unterrepräsentiert. Eine der wenigen Ausnahmen stellt die Hochschule Mainz als Co-Applicant im Konsortium NFDI4Objects dar. Eine weitere Einbindung der HAWs in die FDM-Community erfolgt über die Landesinitiativen, allumfassend und ausreichend ist dies jedoch nicht. Das Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (BMBF) hat diese Lücke erkannt und die "Richtlinie zur Förderung von Projekten zum Thema Nachnutzung und Management von Forschungsdaten an Fachhochschulen" 2021 ausgeschrieben. Gefördert werden 14 Projekte und 3 Studien, wobei letztgenannte bereits abgeschlossen sind. 
Eines der vom BMBF geförderten Projekte ist FDM@HAW.rlp, ein Verbundprojekt der sieben staatlichen Hochschulen in Rheinland-Pfalz sowie der Katholischen Hochschule Mainz. Ziel des Projektes ist es, innerhalb von drei Jahren ein institutionelles FDM durch den Aufbau von Kompetenzen, Dienstleistungen und technischer Infrastruktur aufzubauen. Die Verstetigungsperspektive sieht vor, dass die drei in der Präsentation beschriebenen Rollen nach Projektende in der Rolle "FDM-Referent:in" zusammengeführt werden. Diese Position soll an jeder der acht beteiligten Hochschulen etabliert werden. Diese Zusammenführung stellt in mehrfacher Hinsicht eine Herausforderung dar. Einerseits gilt es die Aufgabenbeschreibung, den Verantwortungsbereich und das Rollenverständnis dieser Position zu klären. Andererseits muss vorab ein politisch-strategischer Entscheidungsprozess angestoßen werden, der die angestrebte Verstetigung realisiert. Bei diesem Prozess ist es unabdingbar, die im Projekt gewonnen Einsichten über die Aufgaben, Verantwortlichkeiten und Herausforderungen in die Ausgestaltung der Rolle der FDM-Referentin einfließen zu lassen. 
Die Präsentation stellt die ersten Einsichten dar und diskutiert diese.
Clifford algebras, Spin groups and qubit trees
Creators: name: Vlasov, Alexander Yu.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Other Computer Science (cs.OH)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Representations of Spin groups and Clifford algebras derived from the structure of qubit trees are introduced in this work. For ternary trees the construction is more general and reduction to binary trees is formally defined by deletion of superfluous branches. The usual Jordan--Wigner construction also may be formally obtained in this approach by bringing the process up to trivial qubit chain (trunk). The methods can also be used for effective simulation of some quantum circuits corresponding to the binary tree structure. The modeling of more general qubit trees, as well as the relationship with the mapping used in the Bravyi--Kitaev transformation, are also briefly discussed.
description: 16 pages, 9 figures
Monte Carlo adaptive resolution simulation of multicomponent molecular liquids
Creators: name: Potestio, Raffaello
name: Español, Pep
name: Delgado-Buscalioni, Rafael
name: Everaers, Ralf
name: Kremer, Kurt
name: Donadio, Davide
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Complex soft matter systems can be efficiently studied with the help of adaptive resolution simulation methods, concurrently employing two levels of resolution in different regions of the simulation domain. The non-matching properties of high- and low-resolution models, however, lead to thermodynamic imbalances between the system's subdomains. Such inhomogeneities can be healed by appropriate compensation forces, whose calculation requires nontrivial iterative procedures. In this work we employ the recently developed Hamiltonian Adaptive Resolution Simulation method to perform Monte Carlo simulations of a binary mixture, and propose an efficient scheme, based on Kirkwood Thermodynamic Integration, to regulate the thermodynamic balance of multi-component systems.
ХУНАРМАНДЧИЛИК ТЕРМИНЛАРИНИНГ ШАКЛЛАНИШ ТАРИХИ ВА УЛАРНИНГ МАВЗУИЙ ГУРУҲЛАРИ
Creators: name: Абдувалиева, Хулкарой
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Ушбу мақолада ҳунармандчилик терминологиясидаги терминларни пайдо бўлиши, уларни илмий термин сифатида шаклланганлиги, ушбу терминлар бугунги кунда ўзбек ва инглиз тилларида номланиши ҳақида ҳам фикр юритилган. Шунингдек бадий асарларда ҳам ҳунармандчилик терминларини кўчма наънода қўллаш хусусиятлари ҳақида ҳам маълумотлар берилган.
Optimal Trade Execution with Uncertain Volume Target
Creators: name: Vaes, Julien
name: Hauser, Raphael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Trading and Market Microstructure (q-fin.TR)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: 91B26, 91B30, 91B60, 90C90, 68T20, 68T37

description: In the seminal paper on optimal execution of portfolio transactions, Almgren and Chriss (2001) define the optimal trading strategy to liquidate a fixed volume of a single security under price uncertainty. Yet there exist situations, such as in the power market, in which the volume to be traded can only be estimated and becomes more accurate when approaching a specified delivery time. During the course of execution, a trader should then constantly adapt their trading strategy to meet their fluctuating volume target. In this paper, we develop a model that accounts for volume uncertainty and we show that a risk-averse trader has benefit in delaying their trades. More precisely, we argue that the optimal strategy is a trade-off between early and late trades in order to balance risk associated with both price and volume. By incorporating a risk term related to the volume to trade, the static optimal strategies suggested by our model avoid the explosion in the algorithmic complexity usually associated with dynamic programming solutions, all the while yielding competitive performance.
Operator pencil passing through a given operator
Creators: name: Biggs, A.
name: Khudaverdian, H. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 15A15, 58A50, 81R99

description: Let $Δ$ be a linear differential operator acting on the space of densities of a given weight $\lo$ on a manifold $M$. One can consider a pencil of operators $\hPi(Δ)=\{Δ_ł\}$ passing through the operator $Δ$ such that any $Δ_ł$ is a linear differential operator acting on densities of weight $ł$. This pencil can be identified with a linear differential operator $\hD$ acting on the algebra of densities of all weights. The existence of an invariant scalar product in the algebra of densities implies a natural decomposition of operators, i.e. pencils of self-adjoint and anti-self-adjoint operators. We study lifting maps that are on one hand equivariant with respect to divergenceless vector fields, and, on the other hand, with values in self-adjoint or anti-self-adjoint operators. In particular we analyze the relation between these two concepts, and apply it to the study of $\diff(M)$-equivariant liftings. Finally we briefly consider the case of liftings equivariant with respect to the algebra of projective transformations and describe all regular self-adjoint and anti-self-adjoint liftings.
description: 32 pages, LaTeX file
Tudor Dynasty: An Introduction
Creators: name: Taşdemir, Berfin
Publisher: name: Amazon KDP
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Nybakken, Elizabeth I.
subject: Henry VIII's book
subject: Tudor, House of
subject: Tudor, Henry

description: Tudor Dynasty: An Introduction is the perfect starter guide to exploring one of the most popular periods in English history - the Tudor Dynasty. Learn how the Wars of the Roses brought the Tudors to the throne and how iconic monarchs such as Henry VIII and Elizabeth I shaped England.
Richly illustrated with images and tables, this book offers an accessible look at the political, cultural and social dynamics of the Tudor period.
Explore now to step into the Tudor world!
Beyond Concordance Cosmology with Magnification of Gravitational-Wave Standard Sirens
Creators: name: Camera, Stefano
name: Nishizawa, Atsushi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show how future gravitational-wave detectors would be able of discriminating between the concordance LCDM cosmological model and up-to-date competing alternatives, e.g. dynamical dark energy models (DE) or modified gravity theories (MG). Our method consists in using the weak-lensing magnification effect that affects a standard-siren signal because of its travelling trough the Universe's large-scale structure. As a demonstration, we present constraints on DE and MG from proposed gravitational-wave detectors, namely ET and DECIGO/BBO.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, 1 table; accepted for publication in Physical Review Letters
Theory of thermal expansion: Quasi-harmonic approximation and corrections from quasiparticle renormalization
Creators: name: Allen, Philip B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: "Quasi-harmonic" (QH) theory should not be considered a low-order theory of anharmonic effects in crystals, but should be recognized as an important effect separate from "true" anharmonicity. The original and widely used meaning of QH theory is to put T=0 volume-dependent harmonic phonon energies omega_Q(V) into the non-interacting phonon free energy. This paper uses that meaning, but extends it to include the use of T=0 V-dependent single-particle electron energies epsilon_K(V). It is demonstrated that the "bare" quasiparticle (QP) energies omega_Q(V) and epsilon_K(V) correctly give the first-order term in the V-dependence of the Helmholtz free energy F(V,T). Therefore, they give the leading order result for thermal expansion alpha(T) and for the temperature-dependence of the bulk modulus B(T)-B_0. However, neglected interactions which shift and broaden omega_Q with T, also shift the free energy. In metals, the low T electron-phonon mass enhancement of states near the Fermi level causes a shift in free energy that is similar in size to the electronic QH term. Before T reaches the Debye temperature, the mass renormalization essentially disappears, and remaining electron-phonon shifts of free energy contribute only higher-order terms to thermal expansion. Similarly, anharmonic phonon-phonon interactions shift the free energy, but contribute to thermal expansion only in higher order. Explicit next order formulas are given for thermal expansion, which relate "true" anharmonic and similar free energy corrections to quasiparticle self-energy shifts. The text below, except for Sec. IX, was already published in Modern Physics Letters B, Vol. 34, No. 2 (2020) 2050025. Since then an important error was discovered. The error is corrected in Sec. IX, and will be published as an erratum in Modern Physics Letters B.
description: 9 pages; no figures. The original version was published in Modern Physics Letters B, Vol. 34, No. 2 (2020) 2050025. This version has a new section (Sec. IX: erratum) which corrects an important error. It will be published as an erratum in Modern Physics Letters B
Relationship between in-hospital angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and Angiotensin receptor blockers administration and delirium in the cardiac ICU
Creators: name: Mulkey, Malissa A.
name: Hauser, Paloma Hauser Paloma
name: Aucoin, Julia
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Mental Health
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Delirium may be associated with neuroinflammation and reduced blood-brain barrier (BBB) stability. ACE Inhibitors (ACEIs) and Angiotensin Receptor Blockers (ARBs) reduce neuroinflammation and stabilize the BBB, thus slowing the progression of memory loss in patients with dementia. This study evaluated the effect of these medications on delirium prevalence This was a retrospective study of data from all patients admitted to a Cardiac ICU between 1 January 2020-31 December 2020. The presence of delirium was determined based on the International Classification of Diseases (ICD) 10 codes and nurse delirium screening. Of the 1684 unique patients, almost half developed delirium. Delirious patients who did not receive either ACEI or ARB had higher odds (odds ratio [OR] 5.88, 95% CI 3.7–9.09, P < .001) of in-hospital death and experienced significantly shorter ICU lengths of stay (LOS) (P = .01). There was no significant effect of medication exposure on the time to delirium onset. While ACEIs and ARBs have been shown to slow the progression of memory loss for patients with Alzheimer’s disease, we did not observe a difference in time to delirium onset.
RF Basics I and II
Creators: name: Gerigk, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Maxwell's equations are introduced in their general form, together with a basic set of mathematical operations needed to work with them. After simplifying and adapting the equations for application to radio frequency problems, we derive the most important formulae and characteristic quantities for cavities and waveguides. Several practical examples are given to demonstrate the use of the derived equations and to explain the importance of the most common figures of merit.
description: presented at the CERN Accelerator School CAS 2011: High Power Hadron Machines, Bilbao, 24 May - 2 June 2011
Drell-Yan plus jet production and BFKL evolution
Creators: name: Golec-Biernat, Krzysztof
name: Motyka, Leszek
name: Stebel, Tomasz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Production of a forward Drell-Yan lepton pair accompanied by a jet separated by a large rapidity interval is proposed to study the BFKL evolution at the LHC. Several observables to be measured are presented including the azimuthal angle dependence of the lepton pair which allows to determine Drell-Yan structure functions.
description: in proceedings of XXVII International Workshop on Deep-Inelastic Scattering and Related Subjects (DIS2019), 8-12 Apr, Torino (Italy)