cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
19 F NMR Studies of α-Synuclein Conformation and Fibrillation
Creators: name: Ruf, Rebecca A. S.
name: Li, Conggang
name: Wang, Gui-Fang
name: Lutz, Evan A.
name: Slade, Kristin M.
name: Pielak, Gary J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Fibrils of the intrinsically-disordered protein α-synuclein are hallmarks of Parkinson's disease. The fluorescent dye thioflavin T is often used to characterize fibrillation, but this assay may not provide quantitative information about structure and mechanism. To gain such information, we incorporated the 19F-labeled amino acid, 3-fluorotyrosine, into recombinant human α-synuclein at its endogenous tyrosine residues. Tyrosine 39 is in the positively-charged N-terminal region of this 140-residue protein. The other three, tyrosines, 125, 133, and 136, are near the C-terminus. 19F-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy was used to study several properties of labeled α-synuclein, including its conformation; conformational changes induced by urea, spermine, and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS); its interaction with SDS micelles; and the kinetics of fibril formation. The results show that the tyrosines are in disordered regions but that there is some structure near position 39 that is disrupted by urea. SDS binding alters the conformation near position 39, but the C-terminal tyrosines are disordered under all conditions. The NMR data also indicate that SDS-micelle bound α-synuclein and the free protein exchange on the 10-ms time scale. Studies of fibrillation show the utility of 19F-labeled NMR. The data indicate that fibrillation is not accompanied by the formation of large quantities of low molecular-weight intermediates. Although dye-binding and 19F NMR data show that 1-mM SDS and 1-mM spermine accelerate aggregation compared to buffer alone, only the NMR data indicate that the species formed in SDS are smaller than those formed in buffer or buffer plus spermine. We conclude that 19F NMR spectroscopy is useful for obtaining residue-level, quantitative information about the structure, binding, and aggregation of α-synuclein.
Defining multiple joint osteoarthritis, its frequency and impact in a community-based cohort
Creators: name: Gullo, T.R.
name: Nelson, A.E.
name: Cleveland, R.J.
name: Callahan, L.F.
name: Jordan, J.M.
name: Kraus, V.B.
name: Renner, J.B.
name: Golightly, Y.M.
Publisher: name: W.B. Saunders
Year: 2019

description: Background/purpose: To update definitions of multiple joint osteoarthritis (MJOA), and to determine the frequency and impact of MJOA in a community-based cohort. Methods: Following PRISMA guidelines and with the help of a professional research librarian, we performed a systematic review in Medline using the terms osteoarthritis, generalized, polyarticular, multiple joint, and multi-joint among others, to obtain articles related to MJOA. A total of 42 articles were included for data extraction based on multiple criteria including the requirement for a clearly stated definition of OA assessed at more than one body site. We assessed frequency of these definitions in the Johnston County OA Project (JoCo OA)cohort as well as outcomes related to general health and physical function. Results: A total of 6 clearly stated definitions for MJOA were identified. These definitions were integrated with a list of 24 definitions from our previous systematic review and distilled down to produce 10 literature-derived, operationalized MJOA definitions. Based on these definitions, high frequencies of radiographic (4–74%)and symptomatic (2–52%)MJOA were found in the JoCo OA. Significant detrimental effects were seen on general health and physical function for most definitions. Conclusions: We constructed a list of 10 summary MJOA definitions based in the literature that are frequent and associated with important clinical outcomes. These definitions capture some of the variability of MJOA phenotypes and provide a starting point for future analyses of both existing and newly initiated studies.
A spatial-correlation analysis of the cubic 3-torus topology based on the Planck 2013 data
Creators: name: Aurich, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spatial correlations of the cubic 3-torus topology are analysed using the Planck 2013 data. The spatial-correlation method for detecting multiply connected spaces is based on the fact that positions on the cosmic microwave background (CMB) sky, that are separated by large angular distances, can be spatially much nearer according to a hypothesized topology. The comparison of the correlations computed with and without the assumed topology can reveal whether a promising topological candidate is found. The level of the expected correlations is estimated by CMB simulations of the cubic 3-torus topology and compared to those obtained from the Planck data. An interesting 3-torus configuration is discovered which possesses topological correlations of the magnitude found in the CMB simulations based on a toroidal universe. Although the spatial-correlation method has a high false-positive rate, it is striking that there exists an orientation of a cubic 3-torus cell, where correlations between points that are separated by large angular distances, mimic those of closely separated points.
Comparative Photochemistry of Animal Type 1 and Type 4 Cryptochromes
Creators: name: Zhong, Dongping
name: Ozturk, Nuri
name: Ye, Rui
name: Song, Sang-Hun
name: Sancar, Aziz
name: Selby, Christopher P.
name: Tan, Chuang
name: Kao, Ya-Ting
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Cryptochromes (CRYs) are blue-light photoreceptors with known or presumed functions in light-dependent and light-independent gene regulation in plants and animals. Although the photochemistry of plant CRYs has been studied in some detail, the photochemical behavior of animal cryptochromes remains poorly defined in part because it has been difficult to purify animal CRYs with their flavin cofactors. Here we describe the purification of type 4 CRYs of zebrafish and chicken as recombinant proteins with full flavin complement and compare the spectroscopic properties of type 4 and type 1 CRYs. In addition, we analyzed photoinduced proteolytic degradation of both types of CRYs in vivo in heterologous systems. We find that even though both types of CRYs contain stoichiometric flavin, type 1 CRY is proteolytically degraded by a light-initiated reaction in Drosophila S2, zebrafish Z3, and human HEK293T cell lines, but zebrafish CRY4 (type 4) is not. In vivo degradation of type 1 CRYs does not require continuous illumination, and a single light flash of 1 ms duration leads to degradation of about 80% of Drosophila CRY in 60 min. Finally, we demonstrate that in contrast to animal type 2 CRYs and Arabidopsis CRY1 neither insect type 1 nor type 4 CRYs have autokinase activities.
title: Automatisierungsgraderhöhung im Fertigungsprozess von PV-Wechselrichtern
Creators: name: Sauter, Marc
Publisher: name: Hochschule Nordhausen
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solarwechselrichter
subject: Fertigungsprozess
subject: Automatisierungsgrad
subject: Aufbau- und Verbindungstechnik
subject: Oberflächenmontage
subject: Reflow-Löten
subject: 600

description: PV-Wechselrichter sind leistungselektronische Geräte, die mit einer hohen Effizienz Gleichstrom zu Wechselstrom konvertieren. Sie müssen über einen Zeitraum von mehr als 20 Jahren funktionsfähig bleiben. Trotz der hohen Nachfrage der Geräte auf dem Weltmarkt werden eingesetzte Bauelemente teilweise noch von Hand auf die Leiterplatte bestückt. In dieser Bachelorarbeit soll geklärt werden, in wie fern der verstärkte Einsatz einer Automatisierungslösung umsetzbar ist.
Design of Highly Stabilized β-Hairpin Peptides through Cation−π Interactions of Lysine and N -Methyllysine with an Aromatic Pocket †
Creators: name: Waters, Marcey L.
name: Riemen, Alexander J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Two tryptophan residues were incorporated on one face of a β-hairpin peptide to form an aromatic pocket that interacts with a lysine or N-methylated lysine via cation-π interactions. The two tryptophan residues were found to pack against the lysine side chain forming an aromatic pocket similar to those observed in trimethylated lysine receptor proteins. Thermal analysis of methylated lysine variant hairpin peptides revealed an increase in thermal stability as the degree of methylation was increased resulting in the most thermally stable β-hairpin reported to date.
Effects of Recombinant Protein Expression on Green Fluorescent Protein Diffusion in Escherichia coli
Creators: name: Chua, Michael
name: Pielak, Gary J.
name: Thompson, Nancy L.
name: Baker, Rachael
name: Slade, Kristin M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Fluorescence recovery after photobleaching was used to measure the diffusion coefficient of green fluorescent protein (GFP, 27 kDa) in Escherichia coli in the presence or absence of four coexpressed proteins: cytoplasmic maltose binding protein (42 kDa), tau-40 (45 kDa), α-synuclein (14 kDa), or calmodulin (17 kDa). The GFP diffusion coefficient remains constant regardless of the type of coexpresseed protein and whether or not the coexpressed protein was induced. We conclude that expression of these soluble proteins has little to no effect on the diffusion of GFP. These results have implications for the utility of in-cell nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
Stirring by multi-cylinder in potential flow
Creators: name: Lin, Zhi
name: Zhang, Yuanzhao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the enhanced mixing due to multiple cylinders organised in schools moving synchronously in a potential flow. Here simple interactions between cylinders are modelled by the method of image doublets. This is an extension to Thiffeault \& Childress's work [\emph{Physics Letters A} \textbf{374}, 3487 (2010)] where fluid particle displacements due to non-interacting swimmers were analysed to produce an effective diffusivity that may have a significant impact in ocean mixing. Our results show that schools of two cylinders induce nonlinearly boosted diffusivity compared with the non-interacting case for general configuration parameters, except when they move along a straight line with small separation. We attribute this phenomenon to two different physical mechanisms via which interacting cylinders cooperate to generate long particle drifts depending on their formation. Finally, the effective diffusivity of schools of three or more cylinders in various configurations are also discussed.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures
Evidence for an Active Role of IF3 mt in the Initiation of Translation in Mammalian Mitochondria †
Creators: name: Spremulli, Linda L.
name: Christian, Brooke E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Mitochondrial translational initiation factor 3 (IF3mt) is a 29 kDa protein that has N-and C-terminal domains, homologous to prokaryotic IF3, connected by a linker region. The homology domains are preceded and followed by short extensions. No information is currently available on the specific residues in IF3mt important for its activity. Based on homology models of IF3mt, mutations were designed in the N-terminal, C-terminal, and linker domains to identify the functionally important regions. Mutation of residues 170–171, and 175 in the C-terminal domain to alanine resulted in a nearly complete loss of activity in initiation complex formation and in the dissociation of mitochondrial 55S ribosomes. However, these mutated proteins bind to the small (28S) subunit of the mammalian mitochondrial ribosome with Kd values similar to the wild-type factor. These mutations appear to lead to a factor defective in the ability to displace the large (39S) subunit of the ribosome from the 55S monosomes in an active process. Other mutations in the N-terminal domain, the linker region, and the C-terminal domain had little or no effect on the ability of IF3mt to promote initiation complex formation on mitochondrial 55S ribosomes. Mutation of residues 247–248 in the C-terminal extension abolished the ability of IF3mt to reduce the binding of fMet-tRNA to the ribosome in the absence of mRNA. The results from this paper suggest that IF3mt plays an active role in initiation of translation.
Relationship of joint hypermobility with low Back pain and lumbar spine osteoarthritis
Creators: name: Jordan, J.M.
name: Kraus, V.B.
name: Goode, A.P.
name: Flowers, P.
name: Golightly, Y.M.
name: Cleveland, R.J.
name: Hillstrom, H.J.
name: Hannan, M.T.
name: Schwartz, T.A.
name: Renner, J.B.
name: Nelson, A.E.
Publisher: name: BioMed Central Ltd.
Year: 2019

description: Background: Chronic low back pain (cLBP) affects millions of Americans and costs billions. Studies suggest a link between cLBP and joint hypermobility. Methods: We conducted cross-sectional primary analyses of joint hypermobility and cLBP, lumbar spine osteoarthritis (OA), and lumbar facet joint OA (FOA) in 3 large studies - the Generalized Osteoarthritis Study, Genetics of Generalized Osteoarthritis Study, and Johnston County Osteoarthritis Project (total n = 5072). Associations of joint hypermobility and Beighton trunk flexion with cLBP and lumbar OA were estimated using separate adjusted logistic regression models. Adjusted pooled odds ratios (pORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were then summarized - using random effect univariate, multivariate crude, and adjusted models - and heterogeneity was determined (I 2 statistic). Results: In univariate models, hypermobility was associated with symptomatic FOA (pOR = 0.64 [95% CI 0.44, 0.93]) but this result was not found in the multivariate models. In multivariate adjusted models, hypermobility was not significantly associated with cLBP and lumbar OA, but trunk flexion was inversely associated with cLBP (pOR = 0.40 [95% 0.26, 0.62]), spine OA (pOR = 0.66 [95% CI 0.50, 0.87]), symptomatic spine OA (pOR = 0.39 [95% CI 0.28, 0.53]), and symptomatic FOA (pOR = 0.53 [95% CI 0.37, 0.77]). Generally, between-study heterogeneity was moderate-high. Conclusions: Hypermobility was not associated with cLBP or lumbar OA. The inverse association of trunk flexion with cLBP and lumbar OA may indicate a role for a flexible spine in avoiding or managing these conditions. © 2019 The Author(s).
Non-Fermi-Liquid Behavior in Metallic Quasicrystals with Local Magnetic Moments
Creators: name: Andrade, Eric C.
name: Jagannathan, Anuradha
name: Miranda, Eduardo
name: Vojta, Matthias
name: Dobrosavljević, Vladimir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by the intrinsic non-Fermi-liquid behavior observed in the heavy-fermion quasicrystal $\mbox{Au}_{51}\mbox{Al}_{34}\mbox{Yb}_{15}$, we study the low-temperature behavior of dilute magnetic impurities placed in metallic quasicrystals. We find that a large fraction of the magnetic moments are not quenched down to very low temperatures $T$, leading to a power-law distribution of Kondo temperatures $P(T_{\mbox{K}})\sim T_{\mbox{K}}^{α-1}$, with a nonuniversal exponent $α$, in a remarkable similarity to the Kondo-disorder scenario found in disordered heavy-fermion metals. For $α<1$, the resulting singular $P(T_{\mbox{K}})$ induces non-Fermi-liquid behavior with diverging thermodynamic responses as $T\rightarrow0$.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures. Supplemental Material: 7 pages, 7 figures. New results for a 3D quasicrystal discussed in the supplement. Published version
Helix Dipole Movement and Conformational Variability Contribute to Allosteric GDP Release in Gα i Subunits † , ‡
Creators: name: Iverson, Tina M.
name: Adhikary, Suraj
name: Hamm, Heidi E.
name: Siderovski, David P.
name: Funk, Michael A.
name: Oldham, William M.
name: Johnston, Christopher A.
name: Meier, Scott M.
name: Kimple, Adam J.
name: Preininger, Anita M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Heterotrimeric G proteins (Gαβγ) transmit signals from activated G protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) to downstream effectors through a guanine nucleotide signaling cycle. Numerous studies indicate that the carboxy-terminal α5 helix of Gα subunits participate in Gα-receptor binding, and previous EPR studies suggest this receptor-mediated interaction induces a rotation and translation of the α5 helix of the Gα subunit [Oldham et al., Nat. Struct. Mol. Biol., 13: 772-7 (2006)]. Based on this result, an engineered disulfide bond was designed to constrain the α5 helix of Gαi1 into its EPR-measured receptor-associated conformation through the introduction of cysteines at positions 56 in the α1 helix and 333 in the α5 helix (I56C/Q333C Gαi1). A functional mimetic of the EPR-measured α5 helix dipole movement upon receptor association was additionally created by introduction of a positive charge at the amino-terminus of this helix, D328R Gαi1. Both proteins exhibit dramatically elevated basal nucleotide exchange. The 2.9 Å resolution crystal structure of the I56C/Q333C Gαi1 in complex with GDP-AlF4− reveals the shift of the α5 helix toward the guanine nucleotide-binding site that is anticipated by EPR measurements. The structure of the I56C/Q333C Gαi1 subunit further revealed altered positions for the switch regions and throughout the Gαi1 subunit, accompanied by significantly elevated crystallographic temperature factors. Combined with previous evidence in the literature, the structural analysis supports the critical role of electrostatics of the α5 helix dipole and overall conformational variability during nucleotide release.
Protzia montana Lundblad 1935
Creators: name: Pešić, Vladimir
name: Chatterjee, Tapas
name: Bordoloi, Sabitry
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Trombidiformes
Protziidae
Protzia
Protzia montana

description: Protzia montana (Lundblad, 1935)
Records from the study area: Kashmir—“ Calonyx montanus “ Lundblad (1934); Prasad (1974).
Habitat: Mountain streams.
Distribution: India.
description: Published as part of Pešić, Vladimir, Chatterjee, Tapas & Bordoloi, Sabitry, 2010, A checklist of the water mites (Acari: Hydrachnidia) of India, with new records and description of one new species, pp. 1-54 in Zootaxa 2617 (1) on page 7, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2617.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/197964
title: Die Übernahme größerer Büchersammlungen in den Bestand der Universitätsbibliothek Jena im Ergebnis der Neuprofilierung des Bibliothekswesens in Thüringen nach 1945
Creators: name: Heilmann, Annette
Publisher: name: Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena
Year: 1987
Subjects: subject: Thüringer Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Jena
subject: Bestandsaufbau
subject: Wissenschaftliche Bibliothek
subject: Erwerbung
subject: Bibliothekswesen
subject: Dokumentationswesen
subject: 020

description: Die vorliegende Arbeit ist eine Überlicksdarstellung der von der Universitätsbibliothek Jena übernommenen Bibliotheksbestände im Zeitraum von 1945 – 1955. Als Folge von Boden- und Bildungsreform und der Auflösung kleinerer Landesbibliotheken fanden große Bestandsumlagerungen statt. Die Bestände enteigneter und aufgelöster Bibliotheken wurden der Universitätsbibliothek Jena von staatlichen Stellen zugewiesen, wobei hauptsächlich das Ziel verfolgt wurde, die Kriegsverluste im Bestand der Bibliothek zu ersetzen. Eine Reihe von Problemen erwuchs mit der Übernahme dieser großen Büchersammlungen. Anhand von Beispielen wird die Zusammensetzung einzelner Bibliotheken und ihre Bedeutung beschrieben. Als einzige geschlossene Sammlung wurden die Bestände der Landesbibliothek Altenburg übernommen, die u.a. den Belletristikbestand der Universitätsbibliothek Jena erheblich bereicherten. Die in Jena gewählte Form der Einarbeitung soll die Problematik der Bearbeitung der übernommenen Bestände verdeutlichen. Die meist gleichartige inhaltliche Zusammensetzung der Bestände hatte zur Folge, daß von den ca. 450000 übernommenen Beständen ca. 330000 an die ZwA bzw. das Zentralantiquariat Leipzig abgegeben wurden. Die durch den Krieg verursachten Bestandsverluste konnten nur teilweise ersetzt werden (Itineraria, Geographie, Goethe Bibliothek). Dennoch liegt die Bedeutung des Bestandszuwachses darin, daß zahlreiche Werke des kulturellen Erbes in den Bestand der Universitätsbibliothek gelangt sind.
D1.10. Impact Creation Report
Creators: name: Cid, Marta Irene García
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Communication
Dissemination
Website
Newsletters

description: Deliverable D1.10 is framed into the project tasks T1.3 and T1.4, having the purpose to report the undertaken efforts to generate impact on the communication & dissemination strategy. The reported actions considered here are accounted in the reporting period from M1 to M12 of the project, as several partners’ undergone efforts to disseminate their involvement in VALKYRIES among different audiences.
Impaired Protofibril Formation in Fibrinogen γN308K Is Due to Altered D:D and “A:a” Interactions ,
Creators: name: Okumura, Nobuo
name: Lord, Susan T.
name: Bowley, Sheryl R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: “A:a” knob–hole interactions and D:D interfacial interactions are important for fibrin polymerization. Previous studies with recombinant γN308K fibrinogen, a substitution at the D:D interface, showed impaired polymerization. We examined the molecular basis for this loss of function by solving the crystal structure of γN308K fragment D. In contrast to previous fragment D crystals, the γN308K crystals belonged to a tetragonal space group with an unusually long unit cell (a = b =95Å, c = 448.3 Å). Alignment of the normal and γN308K structures showed the global structure of the variant was not changed and the knob “A” peptide GPRP was bound as usual to hole “a”. The substitution introduced an elongated positively charged patch in the D:D region. The structure showed novel, symmetric D:D crystal contacts between γN308K molecules, indicating the normal asymmetric D:D interface in fibrin would be unstable in this variant. We examined GPRP binding to γN308K in solution by plasmin protection assay. The results showed weaker peptide binding, suggesting that “A:a” interactions were altered. We examined fibrin network structures by scanning electron microscopy and found the variant fibers were thicker and more heterogeneous than normal fibers. Considered together, our structural and biochemical studies indicate both “A:a” and D:D interactions are weaker. We conclude that stable protofibrils cannot assemble from γN308K monomers, leading to impaired polymerization.
Identification and energy calibration of hadronically decaying tau leptons with the ATLAS experiment in $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}$=8 TeV
Creators: name: ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper describes the trigger and offline reconstruction, identification and energy calibration algorithms for hadronic decays of tau leptons employed for the data collected from $pp$ collisions in 2012 with the ATLAS detector at the LHC center-of-mass energy $\sqrt{\mathrm{s}} = 8$ TeV. The performance of these algorithms is measured in most cases with $Z$ decays to tau leptons using the full 2012 dataset, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 20.3 fb$^{-1}$. An uncertainty on the offline reconstructed tau energy scale of $2-4$%, depending on transverse energy and pseudorapidity, is achieved using two independent methods. The offline tau identification efficiency is measured with a precision of 2.5% for hadronically decaying tau leptons with one associated track, and of 4% for the case of three associated tracks, inclusive in pseudorapidity and for a visible transverse energy greater than $20$ GeV. For hadronic tau lepton decays selected by offline algorithms, the tau trigger identification efficiency is measured with a precision of $2-8$%, depending on the transverse energy. The performance of the tau algorithms, both offline and at the trigger level, is found to be stable with respect to the number of concurrent proton-proton interactions and has supported a variety of physics results using hadronically decaying tau leptons at ATLAS.
description: Published version, 21 pages plus author list + cover pages (36 pages total), 18 figures, 6 tables, all figures including auxiliary figures are available at http://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/PERF-2013-06
title: Climate Change Impacts on dissolved oxygen concentration in Marine and Coastal Waters around the UK and Ireland
Creators: name: Mahaffey, C.
name: Hull, T.
name: Hunter, W.
name: Greenwood, N.
name: Palmer, M.
name: Sharples, J.
name: Wakelin, S.
name: Williams, C.
Publisher: name: Marine Climate Change Impacts Partnership (MCCIP), Lowestoft, UK
Year: 2023

description: MCCIP Rolling Evidence Updates
Universal Relations for Solitary Waves in Granular Crystals under Finite Rise-decay Duration Shocks
Creators: name: Hasan, M. Arif
name: Nemat-Nasser, Sia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We focus on solitary waves generated in arrays of lightly contacting spherical elastic granules by shock forces of steep rise and slow decay durations, and establish a priori: (i) whether the peak value of the resulting solitary wave would be greater, equal, or less than the peak value of the input shock force; (ii) the magnitude of the peak value of the solitary waves; (iii) the magnitude of the linear momentum in each solitary wave; (iv) the magnitude of the linear momentum added to the remaining granules, if the first granule is ejected; and (v) a quantitative estimate of the effect of the granules' radius, density and stiffness on force amplification/mitigation. We have supported the analytical results by direct numerical simulations.
Additional file 2: of Implementation of a â Joint Clinicâ to resolve unmet need for orthopaedic services in patients with hip and knee osteoarthritis: a program evaluation
Creators: name: J. Abbott
name: Ward, Aimee
name: Crane, Chris
name: Chapple, Catherine
name: Stout, Kirsten
name: Hutton, Liam
name: Martin, Virginia
name: Harcombe, Helen
name: Ribeiro, Daniel
name: Jones, David Gwynne
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The Joint Clinic programme logic model (PDF 59 kb)
An FN method for the radiative transport equation in three dimensions
Creators: name: Machida, Manabu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The FN method is an accurate and efficient numerical method for the one-dimensional radiative transport equation. In this paper the FN method is extended to three dimensions using rotated reference frames. To demonstrate the method, the exiting flux from structured illumination reflected by a medium occupying the half space is calculated.
Joint hypermobility is not positively associated with prevalent multiple joint osteoarthritis: A cross-sectional study of older adults
Creators: name: Kraus, V.B.
name: Gullo, T.R.
name: Cleveland, R.J.
name: Schwartz, T.A.
name: Jordan, J.M.
name: Golightly, Y.M.
name: Flowers, P.
name: Nelson, A.E.
name: Renner, J.B.
name: Hannan, M.T.
Publisher: name: BioMed Central Ltd.
Year: 2019

description: Background: This cross-sectional study evaluated associations of joint hypermobility and multiple joint osteoarthritis (MJOA) in a community-based cohort of adults 45+ years of age. Methods: MJOA and joint hypermobility data were from 1677 participants (mean age 69 years, 68% women) who completed research clinic visits during 2003-2010. Prevalent MJOA was defined in four ways. Radiographic OA (rOA) was defined as Kellgren-Lawrence (KL) > 2 at any included study joint; symptomatic OA (sxOA) required both symptoms and rOA in a joint. Joint hypermobility was defined as a Beighton score of > 4. Separate logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios (OR) between joint hypermobility and each MJOA definition, adjusting for age, sex, race, body mass index, and baseline visit. Results: In this cohort, 4% had Beighton score > 4 and 63% met any definition of MJOA. Joint hypermobility was associated with significantly lower odds of radiographic and symptomatic MJOA-1 (multiple joint OA-definition 1: involvement of > 1 IP (interphalangeal) nodes and > 2 sites of hip, knee, and spine; 74 and 58% lower, respectively). However, for the other MJOA definitions (i.e., MJOA-2:involvement of > 2 IP joints, > 1 carpometacarpal [CMC] joints, and knee or hip sites; MJOA-3: involvement of > 5 joint sites from among distal interphalangeal, proximal interphalangeal, CMC, hip, knee, or spine sites; and MJOA-4:involvement of > 2 lower body sites (hip, knee, or spine), there were no statistically significant associations. For associations between site-specific hypermobility and any MJOA definition, most adjusted ORs were less than one, but few were statistically significant. Conclusions: Overall, joint hypermobility was not positively associated with any definition of prevalent MJOA in this cohort, and an inverse association existed with one definition of MJOA. Longitudinal studies are needed to determine the contribution of hypermobility to the incidence and progression of MJOA outcomes.
Fall Risk and Utilization of Balance Training for Adults with Symptomatic Knee Osteoarthritis: Secondary Analysis from a Randomized Clinical Trial
Creators: name: Arbeeva, L.S.
name: Anderson, M.L.
name: Hill, C.H.
name: Schwartz, T.A.
name: Golightly, Y.M.
name: Huffman, K.M.
name: Goode, A.
name: Allen, K.D.
Publisher: name: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins
Year: 2019

description: Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a common disease that hinders activity participation in older adults. Associated symptoms and physiological changes can increase risk of falling in individuals with KOA. Balance training can decrease fall risks in older adults. Limited evidence exists regarding utilization of balance training in physical therapy (PT) for this population. This secondary data analysis investigated the proportion of participants at high risk for falling in the PhysicAl THerapy vs. INternet-based Exercise Training for Patients with Osteoarthritis (PATH-IN) study and the frequency with which balance training was utilized as an intervention in PT. Methods: PATH-IN study participants (N = 344) performed the Four-Stage Balance Test and the Timed Up and Go (TUG) test during baseline assessment. Participants were randomly allocated to PT, an Internet-based exercise program, or a control group. Participants were classified as being at high risk for falling if they did not progress to the single-leg stance (SLS) during the Four-Stage Balance Test, were unable to maintain SLS for 5 seconds, or took longer than 13.5 seconds to complete the TUG test. The proportion of participants at high risk for falling was calculated for all participants and separately for those allocated to PT. In addition, PT notes were coded for balance training and the frequency of balance training utilization was calculated. Results and Discussion: Upon enrollment, 35.5% (N = 122) of all participants and 36.2% (N = 50) of those allocated to PT were at high risk for falling. Of participants allocated to PT with documentation available for coding (N = 118), 35.5% (N = 42) were at high risk for falling. Balance training was provided to 62.7% (N = 74) during at least one PT session. Of those classified as being at high risk for falling, 33.3% (N = 14) did not receive balance training. Conclusions: The finding of high fall risks in more than one-third of all participants with KOA is consistent with previous reports of a higher risk of falling in this population. Many PT participants did receive some balance training; however, one-third of participants at high risk for falling did not. Balance training for individuals with KOA at high risk for falling may be underutilized.
Gamma-Ray Burst Polarization: Status and Perspectives
Creators: name: Granot, Jonathan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: gamma-ray bursts; polarization; radiation mechanisms; jet structure; magnetic fields

description: This talk will review the important and unique role of polarization in the study of GRBs. The afterglow polarization provides unique and valuable information on the GRB jet's angular structure as well as the magnetic field structure produced in relativistic collisionless shocks. It may also probe dense clumps or a weak large-scale magnetic field in the circum-burst medium. The magnetic field structure within the GRB outflow can be studied through the reverse shock emission: the "optical flash" during its initial passage or the later "radio flare" after hours to days, which probes a larger part of the ejecta shell that becomes visible as it decelerates. In the prompt GRB it is challenging to measure the polarization as the emission is primarily in hard X-rays to soft gamma rays, but such measurements can be very rewarding as they may probe its elusive dominant emission mechanism as well as the composition and angular structure of the GRB outflow. An overview of these different phases will be provided along with some recent polarization results and their possible implications, as well as a brief outlook for the future.
Minor Groove Binding Compounds That Jump a GC Base Pair and Bind to Adjacent AT Base Pair Sites †
Creators: name: Say, Martial
name: Kumar, Arvind
name: Wilson, W. David
name: Rahimian, Maryam
name: Boykin, David W.
name: Bakunov, Stanislav A.
name: Tidwell, Richard R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Most A/T specific heterocyclic diamidine derivatives need at least four A/T base pairs for tight binding to the DNA minor groove. Addition of a GC base pair to A/T sequences typically causes a large decrease in binding constant. The ability to target biologically important sequences of DNA could be significantly increased if compounds that could recognize A/T sites with an intervening GC base pair could be designed. The kinetoplast DNA sequence of parasitic microorganisms, for example, contains numerous three A/T binding sites that are separated by a single G. A series of compounds were prepared to target the AAAGTTT sequence as a model system for discovery of “G-jumpers”. The new synthetic compounds have two aromatic-amidine groups for A/T recognition, and these are connected through an oxy-methylene linker to cross the GC. CD experiments indicated a minor groove binding mode, as expected, for these compounds. Tmax, surface plasmon resonance, and isothermal titration calorimetry experiments revealed 1:1 binding to the AAAGTTT sequence with an affinity that depends on compound structure. Benzimidazole derivatives gave the strongest binding and had generally good solution properties. The binding affinities to the classical AATT sequence were similar to that for AAAGTTT for these extended compounds, but binding was weaker to the AAAGCTTT sequence with two intervening GC base pairs. Binding to both AAAGTTT and AATT was enthalpy driven for strong binding benzimidazole derivatives.
Additional file 2 of Determination of double- and single-stranded DNA breaks in bovine sperm is predictive of their fertilizing capacity
Creators: name: Ribas-Maynou, Jordi
name: Delgado-Bermúdez, Ariadna
name: Mateo-Otero, Yentel
name: Viñolas, Estel
name: Hidalgo, Carlos O.
name: Ward, W. Steven
name: Yeste, Marc
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 2: Table S1. Correlations between sperm DNA fragmentation, chromatin decondensation and sperm quality and functionality parameters throughout 4 h of incubation.
Anosov representations and proper actions
Creators: name: Guéritaud, François
name: Guichard, Olivier
name: Kassel, Fanny
name: Wienhard, Anna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We establish several characterizations of Anosov representations of word hyperbolic groups into real reductive Lie groups, in terms of a Cartan projection or Lyapunov projection of the Lie group. Using a properness criterion of Benoist and Kobayashi, we derive applications to proper actions on homogeneous spaces of reductive groups.
description: 73 pages, 4 figures; to appear in Geometry & Topology
Solving finite time horizon Dynkin games by optimal switching
Creators: name: Martyr, Randall
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Mathematical Finance (q-fin.MF)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: 91A55, 91A05, 60G40, 91G80

description: This paper uses recent results on continuous-time finite-horizon optimal switching problems with negative switching costs to prove the existence of a saddle point in an optimal stopping (Dynkin) game. Sufficient conditions for the game's value to be continuous with respect to the time horizon are obtained using recent results on norm estimates for doubly reflected backward stochastic differential equations. This theory is then demonstrated numerically for the special cases of cancellable call and put options in a Black-Scholes market.
description: 17 pages, 2 figures
Additional file 3 of Determination of double- and single-stranded DNA breaks in bovine sperm is predictive of their fertilizing capacity
Creators: name: Ribas-Maynou, Jordi
name: Delgado-Bermúdez, Ariadna
name: Mateo-Otero, Yentel
name: Viñolas, Estel
name: Hidalgo, Carlos O.
name: Ward, W. Steven
name: Yeste, Marc
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 3: Table S2. Correlations between sperm DNA fragmentation, chromatin decondensation and sperm quality and functionality parameters for the first period of incubation.
Light Higgsino Dark Matter in the MSSM on D-branes
Creators: name: Mayes, Van E.
name: Lutz, Andrew W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When supersymmetry breaking is dominated by the complex structure moduli and the universal dilaton, a subset of the supersymmetry parameter space in a realistic MSSM constructed from intersecting/magnetized D-branes are universal, similar to the effective mSUGRA/CMSSM parameter space with a universal scalar mass m_0, a universal gaugino mass $m_{1/2}$ and with the universal trilinear term fixed to be minus the gaugino mass, A_0=-m_{1/2}. More generally, the scalar mass-squared terms for sfermions are split about the Higgs mass-squared terms, m_{Q_L,L_L}^2=m_H^2 - Delta m^2 and m_{Q_R,L_R}^2=m_H^2 + Δm^2, for generic values of the Kahler moduli. The scalar masses are universal only for a specific choice of the Kahler moduli. The hyberbolic branch/focus point (HB/FP) regions of this parameter space are present for both Delta m^2 = 0$ and Δm^2 \ne 0. Interestingly, It is shown that there exists superpartner spectra with a light Higgsino-like LSP with 230-350 GeV and a Higgs mass in the range 124-126 GeV, and which satisfy most standard experimental constraints. Consequently, viable spectra with low EWFT between 3-7% may be obtained. The spin-independent direct-detection crosssections are in range of future experiments such as XENON-1T and super CDMS, while the relic density is smaller than the WMAP and Planck bounds by roughly a factor of ten, implying that the LSP is sub-dominant component of dark matter. In addition, most of the spectra are consistent with constraints from indirect-detection experiments.
description: Version published in J.Phys.G. Improved plots and discussion of experimental observable constraints. Additional analysis of dark matter indirect detection constraints. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1302.4394
Nilradicals of parabolic subalgebras admitting symplectic structures
Creators: name: Cagliero, Leandro
name: del Barco, Viviana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 17B20, 17B30, 17B56, 53D05

description: In this paper we describe all the nilradicals of parabolic subalgebras of split real simple Lie algebras admitting symplectic structures. The main tools used to obtain this list are Kostant's description of the highest weight vectors (hwv) of the cohomology of these nilradicals and some necessary conditions obtained for the $\mathfrak g$-hwv's of $H^2(\mathfrak n)$ for a finite dimensional real symplectic nilpotent Lie algebra $\mathfrak n$ with a reductive Lie subalgebra of derivations $\mathfrak g$ acting on it.
Neisseria gonorrhoeae Penicillin-Binding Protein 3 Demonstrates a Pronounced Preference for N ε -Acylated Substrates
Creators: name: Nicholas, Robert A.
name: Gutheil, William G.
name: Peddi, Sridhar
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) are bacterial enzymes involved in the final stages of cell wall biosynthesis, and are the lethal targets of β-lactam antibiotics. Despite their importance, their roles in cell wall biosynthesis remain enigmatic. A series of eight substrates, based on variation of the pentapeptide Boc-L-Ala-γ-D-Glu-L-Lys-D-Ala-D-Ala, were synthesized to test specificity for three features of PBP substrates: 1) the presence or absence of an Nε-acyl group, 2) the presence of D-IsoGln in place of γ-D-Glu, and 3) the presence or absence of the N-terminal L-Ala residue. The capacity of these peptides to serve as substrates for Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) PBP3 was assessed. NG PBP3 demonstrated good catalytic efficiency (2.5 × 105 M−1sec−1) with the best of these substrates, with a pronounced preference (50-fold) for Nε-acylated substrates over Nε-nonacylated substrates. This observation suggests that NG PBP3 is specific for the ∼D-Ala-D-Ala moiety of pentapeptides engaged in cross-links in the bacterial cell wall, such that NG PBP3 would act after transpeptidase-catalyzed reactions generate the acylated amino group required for its specificity. NG PBP3 demonstrated low selectivity for γ-D-Glu vs D-IsoGln, and for the presence or absence of the terminal L-Ala residue. The implications of this substrate specificity of NG PBP3 with respect to its possible role in cell wall biosynthesis, and for understanding the substrate specificity of the LMM PBPs in general, are discussed.
Generalised joint hypermobility and knee joint hypermobility: prevalence, knee joint symptoms and health-related quality of life in a Danish adult population
Creators: name: Juul-Kristensen, B.
name: Hansen, S.
name: Golightly, Y.M.
name: Østengaard, L.
name: Junge, T.
name: Henriksen, P.
Publisher: name: Blackwell Publishing
Year: 2019

description: Aim: Several biomechanical factors, such as knee joint hypermobility (KJH), are suggested to play a role in the etiology of knee joint symptoms and knee osteoarthritis. Nevertheless, the prevalence or consequences of KJH solely or included in the classification of generalized joint hypermobility (GJHk) is unknown for a general population. Therefore, the objectives were to report the prevalence of self-reported GJHk and KJH, as well as the association of these conditions to knee joint symptoms, severity and duration of symptoms, and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in a Danish adult population. Method: This study is a cross-sectional population-based survey of 2056 Danish adults. Respondents received online questionnaires of GJHk and KJH, knee joint symptoms, the severity and duration of these, as well as HRQoL. Results: Total response rate was 49% (n = 1006). The prevalence of self-reported GJHk and KJH was 13% and 23%, mostly representing women. More than half of the respondents with GJHk and KJH had knee joint symptoms. The odds for reporting knee joint symptoms, severity of knee joint symptoms and duration of knee joint symptoms were twice as high for respondents with GJHk and KJH. Respondents with GJHk and KJH reported lower HRQoL. Conclusion: GJHk and KJH were frequently reported in the Danish adult population, mostly in women. Respondents with GJHk and KJH were two times more likely to report knee joint-related symptoms such as pain, reduced performance of usual activity and lower HRQoL. The impact of these conditions on HRQoL is comparable with knee osteoarthritis.