cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
How Coupling Determines the Entrainment of Circadian Clocks
Creators: name: Bordyugov, G.
name: Granada, A. E.
name: Herzel, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Autonomous circadian clocks drive daily rhythms in physiology and behaviour. A network of coupled neurons, the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), serves as a robust self-sustained circadian pacemaker. Synchronization of this timer to the environmental light-dark cycle is crucial for an organism's fitness. In a recent theoretical and experimental study it was shown that coupling governs the entrainment range of circadian clocks. We apply the theory of coupled oscillators to analyse how diffusive and mean-field coupling affects the entrainment range of interacting cells. Mean-field coupling leads to amplitude expansion of weak oscillators and, as a result, reduces the entrainment range. We also show that coupling determines the rigidity of the synchronized SCN network, i.e. the relaxation rates upon perturbation. %(Floquet exponents). Our simulations and analytical calculations using generic oscillator models help to elucidate how coupling determines the entrainment of the SCN. Our theoretical framework helps to interpret experimental data.
Additional file 1 of Aggregation of magnetic nanoparticles functionalized with trans-resveratrol in aqueous solution
Creators: name: Nguyen, Thi-Nga
name: Tran, Quang-Hung
name: Terki, Ferial
name: Charnay, Clarence
name: Dumail, Xavier
name: Reibel, Corine
name: Cazals, Guillaume
name: Valette, Gilles
name: Jay-Allemand, Christian
name: Bidel, Luc P. R.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. The parameters of the Rayleigh-Gans-Debye model. Table S2. Parameters. Fig. S1. Transmission spectra of silanized trans-resveratrol. Fig. S2. Structure of silanized trans-resveratrol. Fig. S3. Size distribution of nanoparticles. Fig. S4. Distribution of zeta potential of nanoparticles at different pH. Figs. S5 to S26. NMR spectra of compound 1, 2, and 3. Fig. S27. Mass spectroscopy of compound 1, 2, and 3. Figs. S28 to S30. MALDI-TOF spectra of compounds 1 to 3. Fig. S31. Interaction energy of two spherical nanoparticles in aqueous TRIS buffer calculated using DLVO and XDLVO models. Fig. S32. Potential energy of interaction of two spherical nanoparticles. Fig. S33. Energy barrier of colloidal suspension of nanoparticles. Fig. S34. Surface charge density of silica nanoparticles.
Towards Generalizable Neural Networks for Graph Applications
Creators: name: Yan, Yujun
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Graph Neural Networks
subject: Generalizability
subject: Graphs with Heterophily
subject: Graphs with Noise
subject: Size Generalizability
subject: Computer Science
subject: Engineering

description: Graph-based deep learning has been successful in various industrial settings and applications. However, deep models can hardly achieve generalization, because graphs from different domains may exhibit different properties, and may have significant noise. These challenges limit the usage of graph models in various areas. In this thesis, I present a variety of theoretical and empirical analyses towards generalizable neural networks (NNs) for graphs. I consider two types of generalizability for graph neural networks (GNNs): (1) data generalizability, where a graph model has the expressive power to effectively handle various graphs with different properties; (2) size generalizability, where a graph model can learn from small-sized graphs and generalize to larger graphs. In the first part of my thesis, I study the data generalizability problem at the node and subgraph level. At the node level, I analyze when the performance of GNNs degenerates for nodes with different properties (e.g., degree, label distribution of neighboring nodes), and propose effective theory-grounded designs that alleviate the degradation. At the subgraph level, I consider the situation when the data is limited and noisy, and propose the use of clustering to enable GNNs to overcome these issues and find meaningful patterns. In the second part of my thesis, I study the size generalizability problem at the graph level. Specifically, I consider graphs with different sizes and study how to transfer knowledge from small graphs to larger graphs. I first show that the GNNs that are based on spectral properties may suffer from the correlation of spectrum and the graph size, which limits their ability to generalize over the sizes. Then I propose a technique that learns to eliminate the size-related component, which improves the size generalizability of GNNs. Moreover, I study the transformer model, which is related to GNNs but does not depend on the graph spectrum. In this case, I find that the vanilla transformer model fails to generalize to larger sequences and graphs due to its attention mask gradually losing fidelity with larger inputs. Based on my findings, I introduce a learned conditional masking mechanism, which enables strong generalization far outside the model’s training range.
ARPES Spectral Function in Lightly Doped and Antiferromagnetically Ordered YBa2Cu3O{6+y}
Creators: name: Chen, Wei
name: Sushkov, Oleg P.
name: Tohyama, Takami
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: At doping below 6% the bilayer cuprate YBa2Cu3O{6+y} is a collinear antiferromagnet. Independent of doping the value of the staggered magnetization at zero temperature is about 0.6μ_B. This is the maximum value of the magnetization allowed by quantum fluctuations of localized spins. In this low doping regime the compound is a normal conductor with a finite resistivity at zero temperature. These experimental observations create a unique opportunity for theory to perform a controlled calculation of the electron spectral function. In the present work we perform this calculation within the framework of the extended t-J model. As one expects the Fermi surface consists of small hole pockets centered at (π/2,π/2). The electron spectral function is very strongly anisotropic with maximum of intensity located at the inner parts of the pockets and with very small intensity at the outer parts. We also found that the antiferromagnetic correlations act against the bilayer bonding-antibonding splitting destroying it. The bilayer Fermi surface splitting is practically zero.
A Warm Brown Dwarf Transiting A Solar Analog In A Benchmark Cluster
Creators: name: Curtis, Jason
name: Vanderburg, Andrew
name: Montet, Ben
name: Beatty, Thomas
name: Bieryla, Allyson
name: Cargile, Phill
name: Kraus, Adam
name: Latham, Dave
name: Mann, Andrew
name: Nofi, Larissa
name: Rizzuto, Aaron
name: Saar, Steve
name: Wright, Jason T.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Brown dwarf
Magnetic activity
Open cluster
Ruprecht 147
K2

description: We report the discovery of a warm brown dwarf transiting a solar analog in the benchmark open cluster Ruprecht 147 (R147, 3 Gyr, 300 pc). Using K2 precision photometry, we detect a 0.96 Jupiter radius object transiting the solar analog every 5.29 days. With TRES radial velocities, we derive a mass of 35 times Jupiter's and an orbital eccentricity, e = 0.19. The solar analog is chromospherically overactive for its age, and given its 12.7 day rotation period, we suggest that the brown dwarf orbit is in the process of circularizing, which is spinning up the solar analog and enhancing its magnetic dynamo.
description: {"references": ["Curtis, J. L., Wolfgang, A., Wright, J. T., Brewer, J. M., & Johnson, J. A. 2013, AJ, 145, 134", "Mamajek, E. E., & Hillenbrand, L. A. 2008, ApJ, 687, 1264-1293", "Vanderburg, A. & Johnson, J.A. 2014, PASP, 126, 948"]}
Additional file 1 of Can carotid artery Doppler variations induced by the end-expiratory occlusion maneuver predict fluid responsiveness in septic shock patients?
Creators: name: D’Arrigo, Sonia
name: Dell’Anna, Antonio Maria
name: Sandroni, Claudio
name: Messina, Antonio
name: Cacciola, Sofia
name: Pacini, Chiara
name: Antonelli, Massimo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Supplementary figures.
Modeling the Spatial Distribution of Neutron Stars in the Galaxy
Creators: name: Taani, Ali
name: Naso, Luca
name: Wei, Yingchun
name: Zhang, Chengmin
name: Zhao, Yongheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we investigate the space and velocity distributions of old neutron stars (aged 109 to 1010 yr) in our Galaxy. Galactic old Neutron Stars (NSs) population fills a torus-like area extending to a few tens kiloparsecs above the galactic plane. The initial velocity distribution of NSs is not well known, in this work we adopt a three component initial distribution, as given by the contribution of kick velocities, circular velocities and Maxwellian velocities. For the spatial initial distribution we use a Gamma function. We then use Monte Carlo simulations to follow the evolution of the NSs under the influence of the Paczy¶nski Galactic gravitational potential. Our calculations show that NS orbits have a very large Galactic radial expansion and that their radial distribution peak is quite close to their progenitors' one. We also study the NS vertical distribution and find that it can well be described by a double exponential low. Finally, we investigate the correlation of the vertical and radial distribution and study the radial dependence of scale-heights.
description: Accepted by Astrophysics and Space Science, 11 pages, 4 figures
2016 monkfish operational assessment
Creators: name: Richards, R. Anne
Publisher: name: U.S. Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Marine Fisheries Service, Northeast Fisheries Science Center
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Giant stargazer--Research--Atlantic Coast (U.S.)--Congresses.

description: Assessment data for northern and southern management units of monkfish were updated with minmal changes to methodological approaches of the previous assessment (NEFSC 2013). The current assessment does not include an update to the model used previously because the method for aging monkfish failed a validation test completed in 2016, thus invalidating the growth model.
The structure of rigid functions
Creators: name: Balka, Richárd
name: Elekes, Márton
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 26A99 Secondary 39B22, 39B72, 51M99

description: A function $f:\RR \to \RR$ is called \emph{vertically rigid} if $graph(cf)$ is isometric to $graph (f)$ for all $c \neq 0$. We prove Janković's conjecture by showing that a continuous function is vertically rigid if and only if it is of the form $a+bx$ or $a+be^{kx}$ ($a,b,k \in \RR$). We answer a question of Cain, Clark and Rose by showing that there exists a Borel measurable vertically rigid function which is not of the above form. We discuss the Lebesgue and Baire measurable case, consider functions bounded on some interval and functions with at least one point of continuity. We also introduce horizontally rigid functions, and show that a certain structure theorem can be proved without assuming any regularity.
Additional file 1 of Subjective and objective survival prediction in mechanically ventilated critically ill patients: a prospective cohort study
Creators: name: Boeck, Lucas
name: Pargger, Hans
name: Schellongowski, Peter
name: Luyt, Charles-Edouard
name: Maggiorini, Marco
name: Jahn, Kathleen
name: Muller, Grégoire
name: Lötscher, Rene
name: Bucher, Evelyne
name: Cueni, Nadine
name: Staudinger, Thomas
name: Chastre, Jean
name: Siegemund, Martin
name: Tamm, Michael
name: Stolz, Daiana
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Online data supplement.
Sciophila geniculata Zetterstedt 1838
Creators: name: El Mouden, Mohamed Amin
name: Chandler, Peter J.
name: Saidoun, Imane
name: Driauach, Ouafaa
name: Belqat, Boutaïna
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Mycetophilidae
Sciophila
Sciophila geniculata

description: Sciophila geniculata Zetterstedt, 1838
Material examined.
Morocco – Middle Atlas Region • 1 ♂; Gouffre Izora; 19/V/2022; K. Aattouch, M. El Ouahabi and M. A. El Mouden leg; UAE-FST MA 22/24213.
North African distribution.
New to Morocco and North Africa.
description: Published as part of El Mouden, Mohamed Amin, Chandler, Peter J., Saidoun, Imane, Driauach, Ouafaa & Belqat, Boutaïna, 2025, A new species of Docosia Winnertz, 1864 and new records of fungus gnats (Diptera, Bolitophilidae, Keroplatidae and Mycetophilidae) from North Africa, pp. 349-379 in ZooKeys 1233 on pages 349-379, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1233.130502
Electron Spin Resonance of the Yb 4f moment in Yb(Rh1-xCox)2Si2
Creators: name: Gruner, T.
name: Sichelschmidt, J.
name: Klingner, C.
name: Krellner, C.
name: Geibel, C.
name: Steglich, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: [published in Phys. Rev. B 85, 035119 (2012)] The evolution of spin dynamics from the quantum critical system YbRh2Si2 to the stable trivalent Yb system YbCo2Si2 was investigated by Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) spectroscopy. While the Kondo temperature changes by one order of magnitude, all compositions of the single crystalline series Yb(Rh1-xCox)2Si2 show well defined ESR spectra with a clear Yb3+ character for temperatures below \approx 20 K. With increasing Co-content the ESR g-factor along the c-direction strongly increases indicating a continuous change of the ground state wave function and, thus, a continuous change of the crystal electric field. The linewidth presents a complex dependence on the Co-content and is discussed in terms of the Co-doping dependence of the Kondo interaction, the magnetic anisotropy and the influence of ferromagnetic correlations between the 4f states. The results provide evidence that, for low Co-doping, the Kondo interaction allows narrow ESR spectra despite the presence of a large magnetic anisotropy, whereas at high Co-concentrations, the linewidth is controlled by ferromagnetic correlations. A pronounced broadening due to critical correlations at low temperatures is only observed at the highest Co-content. This might be related to the presence of incommensurate magnetic fluctuations.
description: 8 pages, 8 Figures
title: Allgemeine Bestimmungen der Prüfungsordnung für den Bachelorstudiengang Lehramt an Berufskollegs mit einer beruflichen Fachrichtung und einem Unterrichtsfach mit zwei beruflichen Fachrichtungen oder mit zwei Unterrichtsfächern an der Universität Paderborn : vom 22. Juli 2016
Creators: name: Universität Paderborn
Publisher: name: UB-PAD - Paderborn University Library
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Sozialwissenschaften
subject: Bildung und Erziehung
subject: Hochschulbildung

description: Amtliche Mitteilungen / Universität Paderborn
Effects of compressibility on driving zonal flow in gas giants
Creators: name: Gastine, T.
name: Wicht, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The banded structures observed on the surfaces of the gas giants are associated with strong zonal winds alternating in direction with latitude. We use three-dimensional numerical simulations of compressible convection in the anelastic approximation to explore the properties of zonal winds in rapidly rotating spherical shells. Since the model is restricted to the electrically insulating outer envelope, we therefore neglect magnetic effects. A systematic parametric study for various density scaleheights and Rayleigh numbers allows to explore the dependence of convection and zonal jets on these parameters and to derive scaling laws. While the density stratification affects the local flow amplitude and the convective scales, global quantities and zonal jets properties remain fairly independent of the density stratification. The zonal jets are maintained by Reynolds stresses, which rely on the correlation between zonal and cylindrically radial flow components. The gradual loss of this correlation with increasing supercriticality hampers all our simulations and explains why the additional compressional source of vorticity hardly affects zonal flows. All these common features may explain why previous Boussinesq models were already successful in reproducing the morphology of zonal jets in gas giants.
description: 17 pages, 15 figures, 2 tables, accepted for publication in Icarus
Additional file 1 of Serum- and xeno-free culture of human umbilical cord perivascular cells for pediatric heart valve tissue engineering
Creators: name: Parvin Nejad, Shouka
name: Lecce, Monica
name: Mirani, Bahram
name: Machado Siqueira, Nataly
name: Mirzaei, Zahra
name: Santerre, J. Paul
name: Davies, John E.
name: Simmons, Craig A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1. Supplemental Materials and Methods.
Tight Binding Model of Mn12 Single Molecule Magnets: Electronic and Magnetic Structure and Transport Properties
Creators: name: Renani, Fatemeh Rostamzadeh
name: Kirczenow, George
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe and analyze a tight-binding model of single molecule magnets (SMMs) that captures both the spin and spatial aspects of the SMM electronic structure. The model generalizes extended Huckel theory to include the effects of spin polarization and spin-orbit coupling. For neutral and negatively charged Mn12 SMMs with acetate or benzoate ligands the model yields the total SMM spin, the spins of the individual Mn ions, the magnetic easy axis orientation, the size of the magnetic anisotropy barrier and the size of the HOMO-LUMO gap consistent with experiment. For neutral molecules the predicted spins and spatial locations of the HOMO are consistent with the results of density functional calculations. For the total spin and location of the LUMO density functional theory-based calculations yield varied results while the present model yield results consistent with experiments on negatively charged molecules. For Mn12 SMMs with thiolate- and methylsulphide-terminated benzoate ligands (Mn12-Ph-Th) we find the HOMO to be located on the magnetic core of the molecule, but (unlike for the Mn12 SMMs that have previously been studied theoretically), we predict the LUMO and near LUMO orbitals of Mn12-Ph-Th to be located on ligands. Therefore we predict that for these Mn12 SMMs resonant and off-resonant coherent transport via near-LUMO orbitals, not subject to Coulomb blockade, should occur. We propose that this effect can be used to identify specific experimentally realized SMM transistors in which the easy axis and magnetic moment are approximately parallel to the direction of the current flow. We also predict effective spin filtering by these SMMs to occur at low bias whether the transport is mediated by the HOMO that is on the magnetic core of the SMM or by near LUMO orbitals located on the nominally non-magnetic ligands.
description: http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevB.85.245415
Understanding and Improving Consumers' Adoption of Online Privacy-Protective Behaviors
Creators: name: Zou, Yixin
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: human-computer interaction
subject: social aspects of security and privacy
subject: privacy protections
subject: usability testing
subject: interaction design
subject: Computer Science
subject: Information and Library Science
subject: Engineering
subject: Social Sciences

description: As much as consumers express desires to safeguard their online privacy, they often fail to do so effectively in reality. In my dissertation, I combine qualitative, quantitative, and design methods to uncover the challenges consumers face in adopting online privacy behaviors, then develop and evaluate different context-specific approaches to encouraging adoption. By examining consumer reactions to data breaches, I find how consumers' assessment of risks and decisions to take action could be subject to bounded rationality and potential biases. My analysis of data breach notifications provides another lens for interpreting inaction: unclear risk communications and overwhelming presentations of recommended actions in these notifications introduce more barriers to action. I then turn to investigate a broader set of privacy, security, and identity theft protection practices; the findings further illuminate individual differences in adoption and how impractical advice could lead to practice abandonment. Leveraging these insights, I investigate how to help consumers adopt online privacy-protective behaviors in three studies: (1) a user-centered design process that identified icons to help consumers better find and exercise privacy controls, (2) a qualitative study with multiple stakeholders to reimagine computer security customer support for serving survivors of intimate partner violence, and (3) a longitudinal experiment to evaluate nudges that encourage consumers to change passwords after data breaches, taking inspiration from the Protection Motivation Theory. These three studies demonstrate how developing support solutions for consumers requires varying approaches to account for the specific context and population studied. My dissertation further suggests the importance of critically reflecting on when and how to encourage adoption. While inaction could be misguided sometimes, it could also result from rational cost-benefit deliberations or resignation in the face of practical constraints.
title: Allgemeine Bestimmungen der Prüfungsordnung für den Bachelorstudiengang Lehramt an Berufskollegs mit zwei beruflichen Fachrichtungen der Universität Paderborn und der Hochschule Ostwestfalen-Lippe : vom 22. Juli 2016
Creators: name: Universität Paderborn
Publisher: name: UB-PAD - Paderborn University Library
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Sozialwissenschaften
subject: Bildung und Erziehung
subject: Hochschulbildung

description: Amtliche Mitteilungen / Universität Paderborn
Jet-like correlations of heavy-flavor particles - from RHIC to LHC
Creators: name: Mischke, Andre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Measurements at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) at Brookhaven National Laboratory have revealed strong modification of the jet structure in high-energy heavy-ion collisions, which can be attributed to the interaction of hard scattered partons with the hot and dense QCD matter. The study of heavy-quark (charm and bottom) production in such collisions provides key tests of parton energy-loss models and, thus, yields profound insight into the properties of the produced matter. The high-pT yield of heavy-flavor decay electrons exhibits an unexpected large suppression. Since those single electrons have contributions from charm and bottom decays an experimental method is needed to investigate them separately. Heavy-flavor particle correlations provide information about the underlying production mechanism. In this contribution, a review on recent measurements on azimuthal correlations of single electrons and open charmed mesons at RHIC and perspectives of such measurements at the CERN-Large Hadron Collider (LHC) are presented. Moreover, it has been shown that next-to-leading-order (NLO) QCD processes, such as gluon splitting, become important at LHC energies. It will be demonstrated how this contribution can be determined through the measurement of the charm content in jets.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures, Proceedings of the 27th Winter Workshop on Nuclear Dynamics, Winter Park, Colorado, USA. To be published in Journal of Physics: Conference Series (JPCS)
Additional file 1 of Stabilization and improved functionality of three-dimensional perfusable microvascular networks in microfluidic devices under macromolecular crowding
Creators: name: Wan, Ho-Ying
name: Chen, Jack Chun Hin
name: Xiao, Qinru
name: Wong, Christy Wingtung
name: Yang, Boguang
name: Cao, Benjamin
name: Tuan, Rocky S.
name: Nilsson, Susan K.
name: Ho, Yi-Ping
name: Raghunath, Michael
name: Kamm, Roger D.
name: Blocki, Anna
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Supplementary Material 1
title: Allgemeine Bestimmungen der Prüfungsordnung für den Bachelorstudiengang Lehramt an Grundschulen an der Universität Paderborn : vom 22. Juli 2016
Creators: name: Universität Paderborn
Publisher: name: UB-PAD - Paderborn University Library
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Sozialwissenschaften
subject: Bildung und Erziehung
subject: Hochschulbildung

description: Amtliche Mitteilungen / Universität Paderborn
Towards a Generic Trace for Rule Based Constraint Reasoning
Creators: name: Junior, Armando Gonçalves Da Silva
name: Deransart, Pierre
name: Menezes, Luis-Carlos
name: Da Silva, Marcos-Aurélio Almeida
name: Robin, Jacques
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: CHR is a very versatile programming language that allows programmers to declaratively specify constraint solvers. An important part of the development of such solvers is in their testing and debugging phases. Current CHR implementations support those phases by offering tracing facilities with limited information. In this report, we propose a new trace for CHR which contains enough information to analyze any aspects of \CHRv\ execution at some useful abstract level, common to several implementations. %a large family of rule based solvers. This approach is based on the idea of generic trace. Such a trace is formally defined as an extension of the $ω_r^\lor$ semantics of CHR. We show that it can be derived form the SWI Prolog CHR trace.
Een Bijdrage Tot De Historische Geografie Van Het Westvrije
Creators: name: Coornaert, M
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1985

description: In het Mededelingsblad van de VOBoW lezen we een bijdrage, die ons aanspoort om nader in te gaan op de historische geografie van de Vlaamse kuststreek in het algemeen, en van de sector tussen de IJzer en de Zidelinge in het bijzonder. We bedoelen het kort artikel van E. Cools over het vroegere vissersdorp Raverside. Schrijver en zijn medewerkers, dr. H. Thoen en dr. F. Verhaeghe, hebben inderdaad de genoemde rniddeleeuwse nederzetting precies gesitueerd en nader onderzocht. ...
Magnetic field amplification and X-ray emission in galaxy minor mergers
Creators: name: Geng, Annette
name: Kotarba, Hanna
name: Bürzle, Florian
name: Dolag, Klaus
name: Stasyszyn, Federico
name: Beck, Alexander
name: Nielaba, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the magnetic field evolution in a series of galaxy minor mergers using the N-body/smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) code \textsc{Gadget}. The simulations include the effects of radiative cooling, star formation and supernova feedback. Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) is implemented using the SPH method. We present 32 simulations of binary mergers of disc galaxies with mass ratios of 2:1 up to 100:1, whereby we have additionally varied the initial magnetic field strengths, disc orientations and resolutions. We investigate the amplification of a given initial magnetic field within the galaxies and an ambient intergalactic medium (IGM) during the interaction. We find that the magnetic field strengths of merger remnants with mass ratios up to 10:1 saturate at a common value of several $μ$G. For higher mass ratios, the field strength saturates at lower values. The saturation values correspond to the equipartition value of magnetic and turbulent energy density. The initial magnetization, disc orientation and numerical resolution show only minor effects on the saturation value of the magnetic field. We demonstrate that a higher impact energy of the progenitor galaxies leads to a more efficient magnetic field amplification. The magnetic and turbulent energy densities are higher for larger companion galaxies, consistent with the higher impact energy supplied to the system. We present a detailed study of the evolution of the temperature and the bolometric X-ray luminosity within the merging systems. Thereby we find that magnetic fields cause a more efficient increase of the IGM temperature and the corresponding IGM X-ray luminosity after the first encounter. However, the presence of magnetic fields does not enhance the total X-ray luminosity. Generally, the final value of the X-ray luminosity is even clearly lower for higher initial magnetic fields.
description: 20 pages, 12 figures. Submitted to MNRAS
Parents' Ethnotheories of the Nature and Causes of Positive Development and Maladjustment in Young Children: A Comparison of Spain and the United States
Creators: name: Blumstein, Katherine
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cross Cultural Differences
subject: Early Child Development
subject: United States
subject: Spain
subject: Ethnotheories
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Social Sciences

description: Parents’ culturally specific understandings of their children, also known as ethnotheories, have been shown to hold strong implications for early child socialization and development (de Haan, et al., 2020; Super et al., 2020). However, extant research has typically only focused on middle childhood and emphasized parents’ views of positive or desirable child behaviors; moreover, the literature tends to define ethnotheories across a strict East/West dichotomy while relying on translated measures that may not have cultural validity (Su Cho et al., 2021). The main objective of this dissertation is to compare parents’ ethnotheories of the nature and causes of adaptive and maladaptive behaviors in young children across two Western countries, Spain and the United States, using tools generated through cross-cultural research. Relying on an interview protocol developed through conversations with parents around the world, we explored associations between parent-identified positive and negative traits (Chapter 2, Study 1) as well as attributions parents make for desirable and unwanted behaviors (Chapter 3, Study 2) in their children during the preschool period. Moreover, we examined the influence of factors like parent education and child gender in relation to identified child traits, including the most and least desired, and attributions for maladaptive child behaviors. Our comparison of interviews with Spanish and U.S. parents revealed meaningful differences in ethnotheories as represented by traits and attributions that both mirrored and contradicted cultural and gender expectations, as well as notable similarities that reflected a shared understanding of child behavior and development across cultures. Overall, results suggest a connection between the culturally-oriented values systems of both countries and the attributions parents made, as well as between culture and the characteristics parents hoped to see in their children and those they disapproved of. While American and Spanish parents made similar attributions in response to children’s withdrawn, anxious, and dysphoric behaviors, they diverged in their interpretations of externalizing behaviors. Both groups of parents prioritized traits associated with social cooperation and cognitive/motivational skills, with American parents also valuing active and independent traits and behaviors and Spanish parents emphasizing those associated with spiritual/moral principles. Implications of observed differences and similarities in parents’ attributional styles and developmental goals for their children relative to ethnotheories research and clinical practice are discussed.
Additional file 1 of Barriers and facilitators to training delivery and subsequent implementation of a localised child and adolescent mental health initiative: a qualitative content analysis
Creators: name: Banwell, Emily
name: Qualter, Pamela
name: Humphrey, Neil
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Supplementary Material 1: Interview schedule (see file Semi structured interview schedule.docx)
De Romeinse Kustverdediging Van Maritiem Vlaanderen, Werkhypothesen Voor Een Systematische Prospectie
Creators: name: Cools, E
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1985
Subjects: Archaeology, Roman

description: Het historisch probleem rond de Romeinse kustverdediging in NW-Gallie en SE-Engeland om vat twee essentiële aspecten: enerzijds het opzoeken van de redenen die geleid hebben tot de oprichting, de evolutie en het verlaten ervan, en anderzijds het bestuderen van de aangewende methodes en de ingezette middelen. Het onderwerp wordt al sedert ettelijke decennia - in Engeland zelfs sedert meer dan een eeuw - bestudeerd en blijft steeds nieuwe generaties historici en archeologen fascineren. ...
Fundamental Parameters of the Exoplanet Host K Giant Star iota Draconis from the CHARA Array
Creators: name: Baines, Ellyn K.
name: McAlister, Harold A.
name: Brummelaar, Theo A. ten
name: Turner, Nils H.
name: Sturmann, Judit
name: Sturmann, Laszlo
name: Goldfinger, P. J.
name: Farrington, Christopher D.
name: Ridgway, Stephen T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We measured the angular diameter of the exoplanet host star iota Dra with Georgia State University's Center for High Angular Resolution Astronomy (CHARA) Array interferometer, and, using the star's parallax and photometry from the literature, calculated its physical radius and effective temperature. We then combined our results with stellar oscillation frequencies from Zechmeister et al. (2008) and orbital elements from Kane et al. (2010) to determine the masses for the star and exoplanet. Our value for the central star's mass is 1.82 +/- 0.23 M_Sun, which means the exoplanet's minimum mass is 12.6 +/- 1.1 M_Jupiter. Using our new effective temperature, we recalculated the habitable zone for the system, though it is well outside the star-planet separation.
description: Accepted to the Astrophysical Journal. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1103.2742
Angular Position Sensor Based on Anisotropic Magnetoresistive and Anomalous Nernst Effect
Creators: name: Wang, Jiaqi
name: Xie, Hang
name: Wu, Yihong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic position sensors find extensive applications in various industrial sectors and consumer products. However, measuring angles in the full range of 0° to 360° in a wide field range using a single magnetic sensor remains a challenge. Here, we propose a magnetic position sensor based on a single Wheatstone bridge structure made from a single ferromagnetic layer. By measuring the anisotropic magnetoresistance (AMR) signal from the bridge and two sets of anomalous Nernst effect (ANE) signals from the transverse ports on two perpendicular Wheatstone bridge arms concurrently, we show that it is possible to achieve 0° to 360° angle detection using a single bridge sensor. The combined use of AMR and ANE signals allows to achieve a mean angle error in the range of 0.51° to 1.05° within a field range of 100 Oe to 10,000 Oe.
description: 12 pages, 10 figures
title: Allgemeine Bestimmungen der Prüfungsordnung für den Bachelorstudiengang Lehramt an Haupt-, Real-, Sekundar- und Gesamtschulen an der Universität Paderborn : vom 22. Juli 2016
Creators: name: Universität Paderborn
Publisher: name: UB-PAD - Paderborn University Library
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Sozialwissenschaften
subject: Bildung und Erziehung
subject: Hochschulbildung

description: Amtliche Mitteilungen / Universität Paderborn
Deformed Lorentz symmetry and relative locality in a curved/expanding spacetime
Creators: name: Amelino-Camelia, Giovanni
name: MarcianÒ, Antonino
name: Matassa, Marco
name: Rosati, Giacomo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The interest of part of the quantum-gravity community in the possibility of Planck-scale-deformed Lorentz symmetry is also fueled by the opportunities for testing the relevant scenarios with analyses, from a signal-propagation perspective, of observations of bursts of particles from cosmological distances. In this respect the fact that so far the implications of deformed Lorentz symmetry have been investigated only for flat (Minkowskian) spacetimes represents a very significant limitation, since for propagation over cosmological distances the curvature/expansion of spacetime is evidently tangible. We here provide a significant step toward filling this gap by exhibiting an explicit example of Planck-scale-deformed relativistic symmetries of a spacetime with constant rate of expansion (deSitterian). Technically we obtain the first ever example of a relativistic theory of worldlines of particles with 3 nontrivial relativistic invariants: a large speed scale ("speed-of-light scale"), a large distance scale (inverse of the "expansion-rate scale"), and a large momentum scale ("Planck scale"). We address some of the challenges that had obstructed success for previous attempts by exploiting the recent understanding of the connection between deformed Lorentz symmetry and relativity of spacetime locality. We also offer a preliminary analysis of the differences between the scenario we here propose and the most studied scenario for broken (rather than deformed) Lorentz symmetry in expanding spacetimes.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures
Engineering A Large Language Model From Scratch
Creators: name: Oketunji, Abiodun Finbarrs
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.7

description: The proliferation of deep learning in natural language processing (NLP) has led to the development and release of innovative technologies capable of understanding and generating human language with remarkable proficiency. Atinuke, a Transformer-based neural network, optimises performance across various language tasks by utilising a unique configuration. The architecture interweaves layers for processing sequential data with attention mechanisms to draw meaningful affinities between inputs and outputs. Due to the configuration of its topology and hyperparameter tuning, it can emulate human-like language by extracting features and learning complex mappings. Atinuke is modular, extensible, and integrates seamlessly with existing machine learning pipelines. Advanced matrix operations like softmax, embeddings, and multi-head attention enable nuanced handling of textual, acoustic, and visual signals. By unifying modern deep learning techniques with software design principles and mathematical theory, the system achieves state-of-the-art results on natural language tasks whilst remaining interpretable and robust.
The X-Ray Luminosity Function Of M37 And The Evolution Of Coronal Activity In Low-Mass Stars
Creators: name: Núñez, Alejandro
name: Agüeros, Marcel A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: stellar coronae
X-ray emission
age activity relation

description: We use a 440.5 ks Chandra observation of the ≈500-Myr-old open cluster M37 to derive the X-ray luminosity functions of its ≤1.2 M\(\odot\) stars. Combining detections of 162 M37 members with upper limits for 160 non-detections, we find that its G, K, and M stars have a similar median (0.5–7 keV) X-ray luminosity LX = 1029.0 erg/s, whereas the LX-to-bolometric-luminosity ratio (LX/Lbol) indicates that M stars are more active than G and K stars by ≈1 order of magnitude at 500 Myr.  To characterize the evolution of magnetic activity in low-mass stars over their first ≈600 Myr, we consolidate X-ray and optical data from the literature for stars in six other open clusters: from youngest to oldest, the Orion Nebula Cluster (ONC), NGC 2547, NGC 2516, the Pleiades, NGC 6475, and the Hyades. For these, we homogenize the conversion of instrumental count rates to LX by applying the same one-temperature emission model as for M37, and obtain masses using the same empirical mass-absolute magnitude relation (except for the ONC). We find that for G and K stars X-ray activity decreases ≈2 orders of magnitude over their first 600 Myr, and for M stars, ≈1.5. The decay rate of the median LX follows the relation LX ∝ t b, where b = –0.61\(\pm\)0.12 for G, –0.82\(\pm\)0.16 for K, and –0.40\(\pm\)0.17 for M stars. In LX/Lbol space, the slopes are –0.68\(\pm\)0.12, –0.81\(\pm\)0.19, and –0.61\(\pm\)0.12, respectively. These results suggest that for low-mass stars the age-activity relation steepens after ≈625 Myr, consistent with the faster decay in activity observed in solar analogs at t > 1 Gyr.
Additional file 1 of Ear and hearing care programs for First Nations children: a scoping review
Creators: name: Nash, Kai
name: Macniven, Rona
name: Clague, Liesa
name: Coates, Harvey
name: Fitzpatrick, Mark
name: Gunasekera, Hasantha
name: Gwynne, Kylie
name: Halvorsen, Luke
name: Harkus, Samantha
name: Holt, Leanne
name: Lumby, Noeleen
name: Neal, Katie
name: Orr, Neil
name: Pellicano, Elizabeth
name: Rambaldini, Boe
name: McMahon, Catherine
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Table 1. Program activities. *Aboriginal refers to Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples.
Time of arrival operator on the circle. (Variations on two Mielnik's works)
Creators: name: Przanowski, M.
name: Skulimowski, M.
name: Tosiek, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the orthodox Weyl -- Wigner -- Stratonovich -- Cohen (WWSC) quantization rule we construct a time -- of -- arrival operator for a free particle on the circle. It is shown that this operator is self -- adjoint but the careful analysis of its properties suggests that it cannot represent a `physical' time -- of -- arrival observable. The problem of a time -- of -- arrival observable for the `waiting screen' is also considered. A method of avoiding the quantum Zeno effect is proposed and the positive operator valued measure (POV -- measure) or the generalized positive operator valued measure (GPOV -- measure) describing quantum time -- of -- arrival observable for the waiting screen are found.
description: 7 pages; a talk presented at the XXX Workshop on Geometric Methods in Physics, Bialowieza, Poland, 2011
FIELD, GEOCHRONOLOGIC, AND GEOCHEMICAL CONSTRAINTS ON LATE PRECAMBRIAN TO EARLY PALEOZOIC TERRANE ACCRETION IN THE SOUTHERN APPALACHIAN BLUE RIDGE PROVINCE
Creators: name: Larkin, Emma A.
Publisher: name: University of Kentucky
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Geochemistry
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Geology

description: Xenolith-bearing orthogneiss of Amazonian affinity discovered in the Dellwood quadrangle in the Blue Ridge basement complex represents the oldest crustal component of the southern Appalachians (1.33 – 1.37 Ga: Quinn, 2012). New U-Pb zircon ages for migmatitic paragneiss of the Cartoogechaye terrane exposed in the Dellwood quadrangle reveal two unique detrital zircon age signatures that indicate either a local eastern Laurentian margin source or an exotic source. Detailed mapping, whole rock geochemistry, and U-Pb zircon geochronology were conducted to determine whether this exotic crustal component extends farther south into the Hazelwood 7.5” quadrangle. Lithological similarities exist between paragneisses in the Dellwood quadrangle and those in the Hazelwood quadrangle. However, the increase in proportion of leucosome and polyphase folding prevent direct correlation of lithologies between the areas. Whole rock major element compositions overlap the composition of basement orthogneisses. Zircon ages of six paragneiss samples reveal multiple detrital zircon age modes that are dominated by two Grenville modes at ~1050 and 1150 Ma. Minor zircon populations exist at ~450 – 480, 700 – 900, and 1300 – 1500 Ma. Age distributions and compositional trends are evidence that the protolith of the paragneiss in the Hazelwood quadrangle was Neoproterozoic rift sediments with a dominant Laurentian margin source.
Temperature dependence of structural and electronic properties of the spin-liquid candidate kappa-(BEDT-TTF)2Cu2(CN)3
Creators: name: Jeschke, Harald O.
name: de Souza, Mariano
name: Valenti, Roser
name: Manna, Rudra Sekhar
name: Lang, Michael
name: Schlueter, John A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the effect that the temperature dependence of the crystal structure of a two dimensional organic charge-transfer salt has on the low-energy Hamiltonian representation of the electronic structure. For that, we determine the crystal structure of kappa-(BEDT-TTF)2Cu2(CN)3 for a series of temperatures between T=5 K and 300 K by single crystal X-ray diffraction and analyze the evolution of the electronic structure with temperature by using density functional theory and tight binding methods. We find a considerable temperature dependence of the corresponding triangular lattice Hubbard Hamiltonian parameters. We conclude that even in the absence of change of symmetry, the temperature dependence of quantities like frustration and interaction strength can be significant and should be taken into account.
description: 8 pages, 9 figures