cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
From Texts to Structured Documents: The Case of Health Practice Guidelines
Creators: name: Bouffier, Amanda
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper describes a system capable of semi-automatically filling an XML template from free texts in the clinical domain (practice guidelines). The XML template includes semantic information not explicitly encoded in the text (pairs of conditions and actions/recommendations). Therefore, there is a need to compute the exact scope of conditions over text sequences expressing the required actions. We present in this paper the rules developed for this task. We show that the system yields good performance when applied to the analysis of French practice guidelines.
title: Als Der Hoch-Edle, Gestrenge und Hochgelahrte Herr Henrich Bode, Hochberühmter JCtus, und bißher gewesener Hoch-Fürstl. Hessischer Professor Ordin. Juris Canonici zu Rinteln, ...
Creators: name: Ortgiese, Ernst Ludwig
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2024
Subjects: Personalschrift
Generalities, Science
Allgemeines, Wissenschaft

description: Elektronische Reproduktion von: Als Der Hoch-Edle, Gestrenge und Hochgelahrte Herr Henrich Bode, Hochberühmter JCtus, und bißher gewesener Hoch-Fürstl. Hessischer Professor Ordin. Juris Canonici zu Rinteln, ...Mit der Hoch-Edlen, Hoch-Ehr und Tugend begabten Jungfer, Ffr. Clara Elisabeth Schultzen, Weyland Ihro Magnificentz, des ...Herrn Hn. Bernhard Schultzens, Weltberühmten ...Professoris Primarii der Universität zum Kiel, Ehe-leibliche Jungfer Tochter seinen Hochzeitlichen Ehrentag begienge ...Patroni und Lehrers Dienstverpflichteste Hauß-Burschen / E.L. Ortgiese, J.P. Bentheim. - Rinteln : gedr. bey Godtf. C. Wächter, An.1693. - 4 ungezählte Seiten ; 4°. - 
Standort: Universität Marburg, Universitätsbibliothek. - 
Signatur: VIII B 331 db, 2. - (Hassiaca)

Digitalisiert 2024
Andrzej Żbikowski, U genezy Jedwabnego. Żydzi na Kresach Północno-Wschodnich II Rzeczypospolitej wrzesień 1939 - lipiec 1941
Creators: name: Struve, Kai
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung
Year: 2006

description: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung, Bd. 55 Nr. 4 (2006)
NGC 5128 globular cluster candidates out to 150 kpc: a comprehensive catalog from Gaia and ground based data
Creators: name: Hughes, Allison K.
name: Sand, David J.
name: Seth, Anil
name: Strader, Jay
name: Voggel, Karina
name: Dumont, Antoine
name: Crnojevic, Denija
name: Caldwell, Nelson
name: Forbes, Duncan A.
name: Simon, Joshua D.
name: Guhathakurta, Puragra
name: Toloba, Elisa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new catalog of 40502 globular cluster (GC) candidates in NGC 5128 out to a projected radius of $\sim$150 kpc, based on data from the Panoramic Imaging Survey of Centaurus and Sculptor (PISCeS), Gaia Data Release 2, and the NOAO Source Catalog. Ranking these candidates based on the likelihood that they are true GCs, we find that approximately 1900 belong to our top two ranking categories and should be the highest priority for spectroscopic follow-up for confirmation. Taking into account our new data and a vetting of previous GC catalogs, we estimate a total GC population of $1450 \pm 160$ GCs. We show that a substantial number of sources previously argued to be low-velocity GCs are instead foreground stars, reducing the inferred GC velocity dispersion. This work showcases the power of Gaia to identify slightly extended sources at the $\sim 4$ Mpc distance of NGC 5128, enabling accurate identification of GCs throughout the entire extended halo, not just the inner regions that have been the focus of most previous work.
description: 28 pages, 12 figures, 6 tables. Accepted for publication in ApJ
The Microscopic Approach to N=1 Super Yang-Mills Theories
Creators: name: Ferrari, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We give a brief account of the recent progresses in super Yang-Mills theories based in particular on the application of Nekrasov's instanton technology to the case of N=1 supersymmetry. We have developed a first-principle formalism from which any chiral observable in the theory can be computed, including in strongly coupled confining vacua. The correlators are first expressed in terms of some external variables as sums over colored partitions. The external variables are then fixed to their physical values by extremizing the microscopic quantum superpotential. Remarquably, the results can be shown to coincide with the Dijkgraaf-Vafa matrix model approach, which uses a totally different mathematical framework. These results clarify many important properties of N=1 theories, related in particular to generalized Konishi anomaly equations and to Veneziano-Yankielowicz terms in the glueball superpotentials. The proof of the equivalence between the formalisms based on colored partitions and on matrices is also a proof of the open/closed string duality in the chiral sector of the theories.
description: 16 pages, 1 figure, to appear in the Proceedings "Progress of String Theory and Quantum Field Theory", international conference at Osaka City University, Japan, December 2007
Oklahoma Cotton Cooperatives
Creators: name: Campbell, John D.
name: Campbell, John D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1963
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Financial Economics
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Excerpts from the report: Three kinds of cotton cooperatives are now operating in Oklahoma: Gins, a lint marketing cooperative, and an oil mill. This report reviews both the recent accomplishments and the early development of all three types. Managers and directors of cooperatives in cotton growing areas will find it helpful in evaluating activities of their associations. It will also be of interest to cotton growers. The three types of associations work closely together. The cooperative gins own the oil mill, thus providing formal integration. Many cotton growers belong both to a cooperative gin and to the marketing association. Managers of cooperative gins or the gin cooperatives themselves often act as local receivers or representatives of the lint marketing association.
Kollegen - Kommilitonen - Kämpfer. Europäische Universitäten im Ersten Weltkrieg
Creators: name: Wörster, Peter
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung
Year: 2007

description: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung, Bd. 56 Nr. 4 (2007)
Real-time dynamics of the $O(4)$ scalar theory within the fRG approach
Creators: name: Tan, Yang-yang
name: Chen, Yong-rui
name: Fu, Wei-jie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, the real-time dynamics of the $O(4)$ scalar theory is studied within the functional renormalization group formulated on the Schwinger-Keldysh closed time path. The flow equations for the effective action and its $n$-point correlation functions are derived in terms of the "classical" and "quantum" fields, and a concise diagrammatic representation is presented. An analytic expression for the flow of the four-point vertex is obtained. Spectral functions with different values of temperature and momentum are obtained. Moreover, we calculate the dynamical critical exponent for the phase transition near the critical temperature in the $O(4)$ scalar theory in $3+1$ dimensions, and the value is found to be $z\simeq 2.023$.
description: 25 pages, 14 figures; v3: minor revision, discussions updated and reference added
Primary Health Care: the building block of Universal Health Coverage
Creators: name: Supasit Pannarunothai
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2019

description: The  World  Health  Organization  in  1978  (WHO  1978)  advocated  for  primary  health  care  (PHC)  as  a strategy to achieve Health For All (HFA) by the year 2000. This abstract goal of HFA was made more concrete at the turn of the millennium when the broader set of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) to be achieved by 2015 were defined (UN 2000). Subsequently, the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) enshrined the goal of achieving universal health coverage (UHC) by 2030 (UN 2015). Various resolutions from UN General Assemblies and the WHO advocate for progressive realization of UHC by all member states as a vehicle to achieve health related SDGs. The push for UHC has been accompanied by PHC roadmap strategies to achieve the health-related targets (WHO 2008). PHC has been tested, adjusted, and redefined by country realities as countries sought universal coverage, focusing not only on the poor or rural people but the entire population (see table 1). PHC supports the goal of ‘health for all’ by acting as the first point of contact for patients and by providing care that is both family and community oriented, taking into account the critical influences of both these social networks, and providing services that are well-coordinated and ensure continuity of care. An effective PHC system facilitates equitable access to quality health services with better health outcomes at a reasonable cost to the individual and the country.
Morphology of supernova remnants and their halos
Creators: name: Brose, Robert
name: Pohl, Martin
name: Sushch, Iurii
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Supernova remnants (SNRs) are known to accelerate particles to relativistic energies, on account of their nonthermal emission. The observational progress from radio to gamma-ray observations reveals more and more morphological features that need to be accounted for when modeling the emission from those objects. We use our time-dependent acceleration code RATPaC to study the formation of extended gamma-ray halos around supernova remnants and the morphological implications that arise when the high-energetic particles start to escape from the SNRs. We performed spherically symmetric 1D simulations in which we simultaneously solved the transport equations for cosmic rays, magnetic turbulence, and the hydrodynamical flow of the thermal plasma. Our simulations span 25,000 years, thus covering the free-expansion and the Sedov-Taylor phase of the SNR's evolution. We find a strong difference in the morphology of the gamma-ray emission from SNRs at later stages dependent on the emission process. At early times, both the inverse-Compton and the Pion-decay morphology are shell-like. However, as soon as the maximum-energy of the freshly accelerated particles starts to fall, the inverse-Compton morphology starts to become center-filled, whereas the Pion-decay morphology keeps its shell-like structure. Escaping high-energy electrons start to form an emission halo around the SNR at this time. There are good prospects for detecting this spectrally hard emission with the future Cerenkov Telescope Array, as there are for detecting variations in the gamma-ray spectral index across the interior of the SNR. Further, we find a constantly decreasing nonthermal X-ray flux that makes a detection of X-ray unlikely after the first few thousand years of the SNR's evolution. The radio flux is increasing throughout the SNR's lifetime and changes from a shell-like to a more center-filled morphology later on.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures, to be published in Astronomy and Astrophysics
Wege zur Urkunde - Wege der Urkunde - Wege der Forschung. Beiträge zur europäischen Diplomatik des Mittelalters
Creators: name: Irgang, Winfried
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung
Year: 2006

description: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung, Bd. 55 Nr. 1 (2006)
Hedwigia ciliata Boucher, Extr. Fl. Abbeville 1803
Creators: name: Huang, Wen-Zhuan
name: Ma, Wen-Zhang
name: Ignatov, Michael S.
name: Ignatova, Elena A.
name: Sulayman, Mamtimin
name: Wu, Yu-Huan
name: Zhu, Rui-Liang
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Bryophyta
Bryopsida
Leucodontales
Hedwigiaceae
Hedwigia
Hedwigia ciliata

description: Hedwigia ciliata (Hedw.) Boucher, Extr. Fl. Abbeville: 80. 1803.
Type:— SWITZERLAND (Lectotype: G, selected and commented by Hedenäs 1994).
Note:— Hedwigia ciliata is characterized by (1) leaf margins recurved at proximal 2/3–3/4 of leaf length, (2) 2–3 papillae per cell in mid-leaf on abaxial side, (3) hyaline hair points moderately long, constituting 15–25% of leaf length, and (4) spores (28–)30–35(–38) μm in diameter (Ignatova et al. 2016). Although in the catalogue edited by Jia & He (2013), only H. ciliata was reported in China. Regrettably, we have not found any specimens of H. ciliata in China, and this species may not be as widespread as previously assumed. In fact, this situation is not surprising. When Ignatova et al. (2016) revised the distribution of Hedwigia in Russia, they found that the distribution of H. ciliata is limited to European Russia, mainly to its NW regions, while all its records from Asian Russia were erroneous. Nevertheless, further investigation is needed to ascertain if H. ciliata occurs in China or not.
description: Published as part of Huang, Wen-Zhuan, Ma, Wen-Zhang, Ignatov, Michael S., Ignatova, Elena A., Sulayman, Mamtimin, Wu, Yu-Huan & Zhu, Rui-Liang, 2024, A taxonomic revision of Hedwigia (Hedwigiaceae, Hedwigiales) in China, pp. 215-234 in Phytotaxa 634 (3) on page 230, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.634.3.3, http://zenodo.org/record/13878737
Wave Functions and Yukawa Couplings in Local String Compactifications
Creators: name: Conlon, Joseph P.
name: Maharana, Anshuman
name: Quevedo, Fernando
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider local models of magnetised D7 branes in IIB string compactifications, focussing on cases where an explicit metric can be written for the local 4-cycle. The presence of an explicit metric allows analytic expressions for the gauge bundle and for the chiral matter wavefunctions through solving the Dirac and Laplace equations. The triple overlap of the normalised matter wavefunctions generates the physical Yukawa couplings. Our main examples are the cases of D7 branes on P1xP1 and P2. We consider both supersymmetric and non-supersymmetric gauge backgrounds and both Abelian and non-Abelian gauge bundles. We briefly outline potential phenomenological applications of our results.
description: 50 pages, 1 figure
Multi-spacecraft observations of coronal loops to verify a force-free field reconstruction and infer loop cross sections
Creators: name: McCarthy, Marika I.
name: Longcope, Dana W.
name: Malanushenko, Anna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Active region EUV loops are believed to trace a subset of magnetic field lines through the corona. Malanushenko et al. (2009) proposed a method, using loop images and line-of-sight photospheric magnetograms, to infer the three-dimensional shape and field strength along each loop. McCarthy et al. (2019) used this novel method to compute the total magnetic flux interconnecting a pair of active regions observed by SDO/AIA. They adopted the common assumption that each loop had a circular cross section. The accuracy of inferred shape and circularity of cross sections can both be tested using observations of the same loops from additional vantage points as provided by STEREO/EUVI. Here, we use multiple viewing angles to confirm the three-dimensional structure of loops. Of 151 viable cases, 105 (69.5%) matched some form of visible coronal structure when viewed approximately in quadrature. A loop with a circular cross-section should appear of a similar width in different perspectives. In contradiction to this, we find a puzzling lack of correlation between loop diameters seen from different perspectives, even an anti-correlation in some cases. Features identified as monolithic loops in AIA may, in fact, be more complex density enhancements. The 30.5% of reconstructions from AIA which did not match any feature in EUVI might be such enhancements. Others may be genuine loop structures, but with elliptical cross sections. We observe an anti-correlation between diameter and brightness, lending support to the latter hypothesis. Of 13 suitable for width analysis, four loops are consistent with non-circular cross sections, where we find anti-correlation in both comparisons.
description: Accepted to ApJ, supplemental figures available
Calacalles
Creators: name: Astrin, Jonas J.
name: Stüben, Peter E.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Curculionidae
Calacalles

description: Catalogue of Calacalles subgenera and species
In the following catalogue, species used for molecular analysis are underlined (along with the corresponding collecting locality).
 Subgenus:  Calacalles s. str. Peyerimhoff, 1925
 Type species: Acalles theryi Peyerimhoff, 1925
  kabylianus (Desbrochers, 1897) , type locality: Kabylia (Algeria)
  moraguesi (Desbrochers, 1898) , type locality: Mallorca
  theryi (Peyerimhoff, 1925) , type locality: Rabat; also along the Atlantic coasts of Portugal and Morocco
 Subgenus:  Nanoacalles Astrin & Stüben subg. n.
 Type species: Acalles wollastoni Chevrolat, 1852
  affinis Bahr, 2000 , type locality: Tenerife: Anaga Mts.
  atomarius Bahr, 2000 , type locality: Tenerife: Anaga Mts.
  exiguus Bahr, 2000 , type locality: Tenerife: Anaga Mts.; also on La Palma (Bahr 2000)
  fuerteventurensis Bahr, 2000,  type locality: Fuerteventura; also on Lanzarote (Bahr 2000)
  hermigua sp.n. , type locality: La Gomera
  minutus Bahr, 2000 , type locality: La Gomera; also on Tenerife (Bahr 2000)
  nataliae sp.n. , type locality: La Gomera
  pumilio Bahr, 2000 , type locality: Tenerife: Teno Mts.; also on La Gomera (Bahr 2000)
  pusillus Bahr, 2000 , type locality: Tenerife: Teno Mts.; also on Gran Canaria (Bahr 2000)
  seticollis (Wollaston, 1864) , type locality: El Hierro
 = zumpti Uyttenboogaart, 1939 (synonymy by Bahr 2000: 122), type locality: Tenerife (Aguamansa)
  palmensis (Roudier, 1954) stat. nov. , resyn. formerly Acalles wollastoni palmensis Roudier, 1954 (synonymy with C. seticollis by Bahr 2000: 121), type locality: La Palma
  wollastoni (Chevrolat, 1852) , type locality: Madeira; also on Madeira: Porto Santo (Stüben 2002) = Acalles cylindricollis Wollaston, 1854 (synonymy by Wollaston 1857: 110, 1865: 281), type locality: Madeira
 Subgenus:  Crateracalles Stüben, 2004
 Type species: Acalles droueti Crotch, 1867
  azoricus Stüben, 2004 , type locality: Azores: Faial
  droueti (Crotch, 1867) , type locality: Azores: Flores; also on Azores: Faial, Pico (Stüben 2004)
  subcarinatus (Israelson, 1984) , type locality: Azores: Santa Maria; also on Azores: São Jorge, Terceira, Flores, Faial, Pico, São Miguel (Stüben 2004)
description: Published as part of Astrin, Jonas J. & Stüben, Peter E., 2009, Molecular phylogeny in ' nano-weevils': description of a new subgenus Nanoacalles and two new species of Calacalles from the Macaronesian Islands (Curculionidae: Cryptorhynchinae), pp. 51-67 in Zootaxa 2300 on page 52, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.191696
Algirdas Sidlauskas, Istorija Vilniaus universtete XVI a. pabaigoje - XIX a. pradžioje
Creators: name: Rabikauskas, Paulius
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung
Year: 1995

description: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung, Bd. 44 Nr. 4 (1995)
Lars Jockheck, Propaganda im Generalgouvernement. Die NS-Besatzungspresse für Deutsche und Polen 1939-1945
Creators: name: Szarota, Tomasz
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung
Year: 2006

description: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung, Bd. 55 Nr. 4 (2006)
Trends in Growth of Farmer Cooperatives, 1950-60
Creators: name: Gardner, Kelsey B.
name: Gessner, Anne L.
name: Gardner, Kelsey B.
name: Gessner, Anne L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1963
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Financial Economics
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Excerpts from the report: Are farmer cooperatives growing, standing still, or declining in their position in agriculture and in the economy as a whole? Those interested in cooperatives are constantly seeking answers to these questions. The purpose of this publication is to furnish information that we believe will be helpful. At the same time, an important objective is to set forth some of the problems confronting those who seek completely final and conclusive answers to these and related questions. On the basis of our studies, it is possible to state at the outset that cooperative marketings since 1954 have increased at a faster rate than agricultural marketings of all farmers. Farmers' acquisitions of supplies and equipment through cooperatives since 1952 also have increased at faster rates than expenditures for supplies and equipment for all farmers. Valuable as these absolute figures are as indicators of growth, they do not reveal growth trends in relation to other parts of the agricultural economy or the economy as a whole.
Discovery of warm and dense molecular gas surrounding the ring nebula G79.29+0.46
Creators: name: Rizzo, J. R.
name: Jimenez-Esteban, F. M.
name: Ortiz, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present for the first time the detection of mid-J CO line emission in the outskirts of an evolved massive star, which indicates the presence of warm and/or high density molecular gas. Aiming to learn about the interplay between evolved massive stars and their surroundings, we have carried out CO J=2-1, J=3-2, and (13)CO J=2-1 line observations in a 4'x4' field around the ring nebula G79.29+0.46, which is illuminated by a strong candidate to LBV star. The whole field shows extended predominant emission in both CO and (13)CO J=2-1 lines, which probably comes from the large cloud which contains the star forming region DR15. When this large-scale emission is removed, minor scales features become evident, particularly in the CO J=3-2 line, strikingly coincident with the ring nebula. The high critical density of CO J=3-2 (some 10^4 cm^(-3)) gives additional support for the association with the massive star, since high density molecular gas has more chances to survive in such a harsh environment. This structure may have been produced by the cumulative effect of a strong steady wind in the LBV stage or earlier, which has compressed the surviving parent molecular cloud. In addition, immersed within this CO feature, we have also discovered a higher density clump (at least several 10^5 cm^(-3)), unresolved by the telescope and probably having a higher kinetic temperature. Towards the clump, the presence of a jump of 14-16 km/s in the gas velocity may indicate the existence of a shockfront. This clump may have been created by at least one mass eruption, 10^3 - 10^4 yr ago. Thus, this work shows that not all the molecular gas is destroyed during massive star evolution, and consequently we are dealing with a new laboratory where one can learn about the mass-loss phenomena associated to the brief LBV stage.
description: 26 pages, 6 figures. Accepted for publication in Astrophysical Journal
The stability of MG-chlorite
Creators: name: McPhail, Derry Campbell
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The equilibrium Chlorite = Cordierite + Forsterite + Spinel + H₂0 has been experimentally determined with a chlorite of composition Mg₄.₇₅Al₂.₅Si₂.₇₅O₁₀(OH)₈. Brackets have been obtained between 605 and 640° C at 0.5 kb, 644 and 670° C at 1.0 kb and 690 and 704° C at 2.0 kb. These data are not notably displaced from Chernosky's (1974) data for the same equilibrium with a chlorite of clinochlore composition (Mg₅Al₂Si₃O₁₀(OH)₈), however they are more constraining. A thermodynamic analysis of the above data and data on related equilibria included ideal solution models describing compositional variability in cordierite, orthopyroxene and chlorite. The H₂0 content of cordierite was described using a model based on that of Newton and Wood (1979). The hydrous end-member has two moles of H₂0 and the volumes of the end-members are different; this allows the full range of data to be described with one function. Al-content of orthopyroxene was calculated with Gasparik and Newton's (1984) model. Solid solution in chlorite was modelled by choosing the end-members, Mg₆Si₄O₁₀(OH)₈ and Mg₄Al₄Si₂O₁₀(OH)₈, and using ideal configurational entropy to describe the free energy of mixing. Disordering phenomena in cordierite and spinel were accounted for by adding small entropies of disorder to the third law entropies. Linear programming was used to calculate consistent thermochemical properties for all phases considered. Experimental results indicate that the upper thermal stability of Mg-chlorite is affected by only a few degrees for the composition used here. The thermochemical properties derived allow more complete modeling of systems that include chlorite.
Debt Maturity Choices, Multi-stage Investments and Financing Constraints
Creators: name: Agliardi, Elettra
name: Koussis, Nicos
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2014
Subjects: SECS-P/01 Economia politica

description: We develop a dynamic investment options framework with optimal capital structure and analyze the effect of debt maturity. We find that in the absence of financing constraints short-term debt maximizes firm value. In contrast with most literature results, in the absence of constraints, higher volatility may increase initial debt for firms with low initial revenues, issuing long term debt that expires after the investment option maturity. This effect, which is due to the option value of receiving the value of assets and remaining tax savings, does not hold for short term debt and firms with high profitability, where an increase in volatility reduces the firm value. The importance of short-term debt is reduced in the presence of non-negative equity net worth or debt financing constraints and firms behave more conservatively in the use of initial debt. With non-negative equity net worth, higher volatility has adverse effects on the firm value, while with debt financing constraints higher volatility may enhance firm value for firms with relatively low revenue that have out-of-the-money investment options.
Embedded Class-I Solution of Compact Stars in $f(R)$ Gravity with Karmarkar Condition
Creators: name: Naz, Tayyaba
name: Usman, Ammara
name: Shamir, M. Farasat
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper's main aim is to investigate the existence of a new classification of embedded class-I solutions of compact stars, by using Karmarkar condition in $f(R)$ gravity background. To achieve that goal, we consider two different models of the $f(R)$ theory of gravity for the static spherically symmetric spacetime by considering anisotropic matter distribution. Further, we employ Karmarkar condition to relate the two components of metric potentials $g_{rr}$ and $g_{tt}$. We assume a particular model for one metric potential and obtain the second one by Karmarkar condition. Moreover, we also calculate the values of constant parameters by using the observational data of these compact stars, namely, $Vela~ X-1,$ $PSR~J1614-2230,$ $4U~1608-52,$ $Cen~X-3$ and $4U~1820-30.$ We perform different physical tests like variational behavior of energy density and pressure components, stability and equilibrium conditions, energy constraints, mass function and adiabatic index to check the viability of $f(R)$ gravity models. All these physical attributes indicate the consistent behavior of our models. Our investigation also suggests that $f(R)$ theory of gravity appears as a suitable theory in describing the viability of a new classification of embedded class-I solutions of compact objects.
description: Published in Annals of Physics
Ausgebeutet oder alimentiert? Regionale Wirtschaftspolitik und nationale Minderheiten in Ostmitteleuropa (1867-1939)
Creators: name: Boyer, Christoph
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung
Year: 2007

description: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung, Bd. 56 Nr. 4 (2007)
First-principles study of the optical properties of MgxTi(1-x)H2
Creators: name: van Setten, M. J.
name: Er, S.
name: Brocks, G.
name: de Groot, R. A.
name: de Wijs, G. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The optical and electronic properties of Mg-Ti hydrides are studied using first-principles density functional theory. Dielectric functions are calculated for MgxTi(1-x)H2 with compositions x = 0.5, 0.75, and 0.875. The structure is that of fluorite TiH2 where both Mg and Ti atoms reside at the Ti positions of the lattice. In order to assess the effect of randomness in the Mg and Ti occupations we consider both highly ordered structures, modeled with simple unit cells of minimal size, and models of random alloys. These are simulated by super cells containing up to 64 formula units (Z = 64). All compositions and structural models turn out metallic, hence the dielectric functions contain interband and intraband free electron contributions. The former are calculated in the independent particle random phase approximation. The latter are modeled based upon the intraband plasma frequencies, which are also calculated from first-principles. Only for the models of the random alloys we obtain a black state, i.e. low reflection and transmission in the energy range from 1 to 6 eV.
description: 7 pages, 8 figures
Phase diagram of SU(2) with 2 flavors of dynamical adjoint quarks
Creators: name: Catterall, Simon
name: Giedt, Joel
name: Sannino, Francesco
name: Schneible, Joe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on numerical simulations of SU(2) lattice gauge theory with two flavors of light dynamical quarks in the adjoint of the gauge group. The dynamics of this theory is thought to be very different from QCD -- the theory exhibiting conformal or near conformal behavior in the infrared. We make a high resolution survey of the phase diagram of this model in the plane of the bare coupling and quark mass on lattices of size 8^3 \times 16. Our simulations reveal a line of first order phase transitions extending from beta=0 to beta=beta_c \sim 2.0. For beta > beta_c the phase boundary is no longer first order but continues as the locus of minimum meson mass. For beta > 2.0 we observe the pion and rho masses along the phase boundary to be light, independent of bare coupling and approximately degenerate. We discuss possible interpretations of these observations and corresponding continuum limits.
description: 25 pages, 8 figures; v2: minor clarifying revisions to text, new RG flow diagram
Jan T. Gross, Fear. Anti-Semitism in Poland after Auschwitz. An Essay in Historical Interpretation
Creators: name: Behrends, Jan C.
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung
Year: 2006

description: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung, Bd. 55 Nr. 4 (2006)
Unbiased likelihood-free inference of the Hubble constant from light standard sirens
Creators: name: Gerardi, Francesca
name: Feeney, Stephen M.
name: Alsing, Justin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Multi-messenger observations of binary neutron star mergers offer a promising path towards resolution of the Hubble constant ($H_0$) tension, provided their constraints are shown to be free from systematics such as the Malmquist bias. In the traditional Bayesian framework, accounting for selection effects in the likelihood requires calculation of the expected number (or fraction) of detections as a function of the parameters describing the population and cosmology; a potentially costly and/or inaccurate process. This calculation can, however, be bypassed completely by performing the inference in a framework in which the likelihood is never explicitly calculated, but instead fit using forward simulations of the data, which naturally include the selection. This is Likelihood-Free Inference (LFI). Here, we use density-estimation LFI, coupled to neural-network-based data compression, to infer $H_0$ from mock catalogues of binary neutron star mergers, given noisy redshift, distance and peculiar velocity estimates for each object. We demonstrate that LFI yields statistically unbiased estimates of $H_0$ in the presence of selection effects, with precision matching that of sampling the full Bayesian hierarchical model. Marginalizing over the bias increases the $H_0$ uncertainty by only $6\%$ for training sets consisting of $O(10^4)$ populations. The resulting LFI framework is applicable to population-level inference problems with selection effects across astrophysics.
description: 19 pages, 8 figures, comments welcome
Stable solvers for real-time Complex Langevin
Creators: name: Alvestad, Daniel
name: Larsen, Rasmus
name: Rothkopf, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This study explores the potential of modern implicit solvers for stochastic partial differential equations in the simulation of real-time complex Langevin dynamics. Not only do these methods offer asymptotic stability, rendering the issue of runaway solution moot, but they also allow us to simulate at comparatively largeLangevin time steps, leading to lower computational cost. We compare different ways of regularizing the underlying path integral and estimate the errors introduced due to the finite Langevin time. Based on that insight, we implement benchmark (non-)thermal simulations of the quantum anharmonic oscillator on the canonical Schwinger-Keldysh contour of short real-time extent.
Structural Organization of Space Polymers
Creators: name: McGeoch, Julie E. M.
name: McGeoch, Malcolm W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Extra-terrestrial polymers of glycine with iron have been characterized by mass spectrometry to have a core mass of 1494Da with dominant rod-like variants at m/z 1567 and m/z 1639 [1]. Several principal macro-structural morphologies are observed in solvent extracts from CV3 class meteoritic material. The first is an extended sheet of linked triskelia containing the 1494Da core entity that encloses gas bubbles in the solvent [1]. A second is of fiber-like crystals found here, via X-ray diffraction, to be multiple-walled nanotubes made from a square lattice of the 1494Da polymer. A third is a dispersion of floating phantom-like short tubes of up to 100micron length [1] with characteristic angled bends that suggest the influence of a specific underlying protein structure. Here it is proposed that the angled tubes are the observable result of a space-filling super-polymerization of 1638Da polymer subunits guided by the tetragonal symmetry of linking silicon bonds. Distorted hexagonal sheets are linked by perpendicular subunits in a three-dimensional hexagonal diamond structure to fill the largest possible volume. This extended very low-density structure is conjectured to have dominated in a process of chemical selection because it captured a maximum amount of molecular raw material in the ultra-low density of molecular clouds or of the proto-solar nebula. This could have led ultimately to the accretion of the earliest planetary bodies.
description: 11 figures, 1 table
Towards Using Package Centrality Trend to Identify Packages in Decline
Creators: name: Mujahid, Suhaib
name: Costa, Diego Elias
name: Abdalkareem, Rabe
name: Shihab, Emad
name: Saied, Mohamed Aymen
name: Adams, Bram
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: D.2.0; D.2.13

description: Due to their increasing complexity, today's software systems are frequently built by leveraging reusable code in the form of libraries and packages. Software ecosystems (e.g., npm) are the primary enablers of this code reuse, providing developers with a platform to share their own and use others' code. These ecosystems evolve rapidly: developers add new packages every day to solve new problems or provide alternative solutions, causing obsolete packages to decline in their importance to the community. Developers should avoid depending on packages in decline, as these packages are reused less over time and may become less frequently maintained. However, current popularity metrics (e.g., Stars, and Downloads) are not fit to provide this information to developers because their semantics do not aptly capture shifts in the community interest. In this paper, we propose a scalable approach that uses the package's centrality in the ecosystem to identify packages in decline. We evaluate our approach with the npm ecosystem and show that the trends of centrality over time can correctly distinguish packages in decline with an ROC-AUC of 0.9. The approach can capture 87% of the packages in decline, on average 18 months before the trend is shown in currently used package popularity metrics. We implement this approach in a tool that can be used to augment the npms metrics and help developers avoid packages in decline when reusing packages from npm.
description: Accepted in the Special Issue on Collaboration and Innovation Dynamics in Software Ecosystems
Effect of boundary conditions in turbulent thermal convection
Creators: name: Urban, P.
name: Králík, T.
name: Macek, M.
name: Hanzelka, P.
name: Skrbek, T. Věžník \and L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report an experimental study aiming to clarify the role of boundary conditions (BC) in high Rayleigh number $10^8 < {\rm{Ra}} < 3 \times 10^{12}$ turbulent thermal convection of cryogenic helium gas. We switch between BC closer to constant heat flux (CF) and constant temperature (CT) applied to the highly conducting bottom plate of the aspect ratio one cylindrical cell 30 cm in size, leading to dramatic changes in the temperature probability density function and in power spectral density of the temperature fluctuations measured at the bottom plate, while the dynamic thermal behaviour of the top plate and bulk convective flow remain unaffected. Within our experimental accuracy, we find no appreciable changes in Reynolds number Re(Ra) scaling, in the dimensionless heat transfer efficiency expressed via Nusselt number Nu(Ra) scaling, nor in the rate of direction reversals of large scale circulation.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures
Quantum mechanical work
Creators: name: Silva, Thales A. B. Pinto
name: Angelo, Renato M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Regarded as one of the most fundamental concepts of classical mechanics and thermodynamics, work has received well-grounded definitions within the quantum framework since the 1970s, having being successfully applied to many contexts. Recent developments on the concept have taken place in the emergent field of quantum thermodynamics, where work is frequently characterized as a stochastic variable. Notwithstanding this remarkable progress, it is still debatable whether some sensible notion of work can be posed for a strictly quantum instance involving a few-particle system prepared in a pure state and abandoned to its closed autonomous dynamics. By treating work as a quantum mechanical observable with a well defined classical limit, here we show that this scenario can be satisfactorily materialized. We prove, by explicit examples, that one can indeed assign eigensystems to work operators. This paves the way for frameworks involving quantum superposition and nonlocal steering of work. We also show that two-point measurement protocols can be inappropriate to describe work (and other two-time physical quantities), especially in the semiclassical regime. However subtle it may be, our quantum mechanical notion of work is experimentally testable and requires an updating of our intuition regarding the concept of two-time elements of reality. In this context, we derive a work-energy uncertainty relation, and we illustrate how energy conservation emerges as an element of physical reality.
description: Typos removed, some corrections were made and new references were added
The informal canvas : murals and participatory planning in informal settlements in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic
Creators: name: Otero, Shavone Amber
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2018
Subjects: Murals
Radical planning
Storytelling
Los Platanitos

description: Murals tell a story. Faced with such marginalization under neoliberal governance, artists and activists in Santo Domingo have engaged in a global conversation that challenges hegemonic narratives of planning and urban development and that foregrounds traditional forms of knowledge through alternative forms of storytelling. These subjugated stories are increasingly becoming legitimized through digital and social media platforms. Murals, in particular, often serve as public expressions of the neglected experience of the subaltern. Subaltern populations thus use public murals as a multifunctional and unique strategy to assert agency—defined here as self-determination and political coalition building—from the margins and to create a public forum for sociopolitical demands. Because of these empowerment potentials, muralism can be seen as a global phenomenon connecting communities through digital media (when digital media is available). Ultimately, the marriage of paint and politics through murals has facilitated deep transformations that can be used as a powerful tool within participatory planning and public policy at both the local, community-level and in traditional, decision-making spaces. This is because murals are multifunctional in their potential to build social capital and create alliances. This potential is amplified through mural programs, organizations, and radical planners, allowing street art to exist semi-permanently within the legislated city while serving as a transformative practice for local knowledge and marginalized voices to participate in traditional planning processes. This is the story of Los Platanitos
Assédio moral no trabalho: significados elaborados por servidores de uma Instituição Pública de Ensino Superior
Creators: name: Souza, Anne Ludmilla Maul De
name: Catão, Fátima
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 220104 Human Rights and Justice Issues
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion

description: Tem-se por objetivo neste estudo descrever os significados do assédio moral no trabalho, elaborados por servidores públicos de uma instituição federal de ensino superior. Participaram do estudo dez servidores, entre técnicos e professores ativos do Centro de Educação – CE, do Centro de Ciências Humanas Letras e Artes - CCHLA e da Pró-Reitoria de Graduação - PRG da instituição em estudo, escolhidos pela maior proximidade da pesquisadora, que é também servidora, com os referidos setores. Foram aplicados questionários sociodemográficos e entrevistas semiestruturadas. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de conteúdo temática com auxílio do software ALCESTE, baseando-se na perspectiva sócio-histórico-cultural. Os significados de assédio moral no trabalho elaborados por servidores do serviço público foram configurados em três classes: Concepção de Assédio Moral no Trabalho com 44,90% das UCEs (unidades de contexto elementar); Enfrentamento: Conscientização, Regulamentação, Investigação, e Punição com 32,65%; Relação ‘eu e o outro’ com 22,45%. Concluiu-se que o significado do assédio moral no trabalho elaborado pelos servidores deixa evidente a importância do assunto, que precisa ser discutido e analisado abundantemente. No ambiente acadêmico e de aprendizagem, deixa ainda mais claro que as pessoas envolvidas procuram entender as consequências que o problema pode causar na vida do indivíduo, na condição de trabalhador, bem como de estudante. A tomada de consciência pelo processo de aprendizagem e práxis pode promover a renovação e transformação do sujeito e dos contextos organizacionais, frente às dificuldades e sofrimentos enfrentados, vinculados à incidência do assédio moral no ambiente do trabalho. Buscou-se com o referido estudo, contribuir para a produção do conhecimento sobre a temática posta, bem como, para reflexão sobre processos e práticas no cotidiano nas instituições de ensino superior, apresentando possíveis eixos temáticos para análise, possibilidades de intervenção e inspiração de novos estudos.
Randomized C/C++ dynamic memory allocator
Creators: name: Astrakhantseva, Irina Aleksandrovna
name: Astrakhantsev, Roman Gennadevich
name: Mitin, Arseny Viktorovich
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Performance (cs.PF)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Dynamic memory management requires special attention in programming. It should be fast and secure at the same time. This paper proposes a new randomized dynamic memory management algorithm designed to meet these requirements. Randomization is a key feature intended to protect applications from "use-after-free" or similar attacks. At the same time, the state in the algorithm consists only of one pointer, so it does not consume extra memory for itself. However, our algorithm is not a universal solution. It does not solve the memory fragmentation problem and it needs further development and testing.
description: Journal of Physics: Conference Series, Volume 2001, International Scientific and Practical Conference "Information Technologies and Intelligent Decision Making Systems (ITIDMS-II 2021) 1 July 2021, Moscow, Russia
How Adjustable Revolving Fund Capital Plan Works
Creators: name: Griffin, Nelda
name: Griffin, Nelda
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1963
Subjects: Agribusiness
Financial Economics

description: Excerpts from the report Conclusion: The adjustable capital plan is being used by a few associations. It deserves consideration by other associations in a position to adopt it. One of the primary considerations appears to be a reasonably stabilized position of member capital. In addition, a slowly changing membership and a volume of business not in a declining position are significant considerations. There is no reason, however, why an association now actively increasing its member capital should not ultimately adopt the principle of revolving net balances. The procedure for installing an adjustable capital plan summarized here was worked out for the use of a particular farmer cooperative. The illustration meets the requirements for use of the adjustable capital plan in the following respects: (1) The association has reached a reasonably stable capital position, (2) the membership has changed slowly, (3) the facilities are used near their capacity, (4) the membership is small, which lessens the amount of recordkeeping, and (5) small membership makes explaining and understanding the adjustable capital plan easier.
Wilfried Schlau, Gegen den Mahlstrom der Zeit. Ausgewählte Beiträge zur Politischen Soziologie und neueren Sozialgeschichte
Creators: name: Kenéz, Csaba János
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung
Year: 1995

description: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung, Bd. 44 Nr. 4 (1995)