cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The two promising scenarios to explode core collapse supernovae
Creators: name: Soker, Noam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I compare to each other what I consider to be the two most promising scenarios to explode core-collapse supernovae (CCSNe). Both are based on the negative jet feedback mechanism (JFM). In the jittering jets scenario a collapsing core of a single slowly-rotating star can launch jets. The accretion disk or belt (a sub-Keplerian accretion flow concentrated toward the equatorial plane) that launches the jets is intermittent with varying directions of the axis. Instabilities, such as the standing accretion shock instability (SASI), lead to stochastic angular momentum variations that allow the formation of the intermittent accretion disk/belt. According to this scenario no failed CCSNe exist. According to the fixed axis scenario, the core of the progenitor star must be spun up during its late evolutionary phases, and hence all CCSNe are descendants of strongly interacting binary systems, most likely through a common envelope evolution (whether the companion survives or not). Due to the strong binary interaction, the axis of the accretion disk that is formed around the newly born neutron star has a more or less fixed direction. According to the fixed axis scenario, accretion disk/belt are not formed around the newly born neutron star of single stars; they rather end in failed CCSNe. I also raise the possibility that the jittering jets scenario operates for progenitors with initial mass of 8Mo18Mo. For the first time these two scenarios are compared to each other, as well as to some aspects of neutrino-driven explosion mechanism. These new comparisons further suggest that the JFM plays a major role in exploding massive stars.
description: Accepted for publication in Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics
Model of a fluxtube with a twisted magnetic field in the stratified solar atmosphere
Creators: name: Sen, S.
name: Mangalam, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We build a single vertical straight magnetic fluxtube spanning the solar photosphere and the transition region which does not expand with height. We assume that the fluxtube containing twisted magnetic fields is in magnetohydrostatic equilibrium within a realistic stratified atmosphere subject to solar gravity. Incorporating specific forms of current density and gas pressure in the Grad--Shafranov equation, we solve the magnetic flux function, and find it to be separable with a Coulomb wave function in radial direction while the vertical part of the solution decreases exponentially. We employ improved fluxtube boundary conditions and take a realistic ambient external pressure for the photosphere to transition region, to derive a family of solutions for reasonable values of the fluxtube radius and magnetic field strength at the base of the axis that are the free parameters in our model. We find that our model estimates are consistent with the magnetic field strength and the radii of Magnetic bright points (MBPs) as estimated from observations. We also derive thermodynamic quantities inside the fluxtube.
description: 25 pages, 9 figures, and 3 tables; in press in Advances in Space Research
Complementarity between entanglement-assisted and quantum distributed random access code
Creators: name: Hameedi, Alley
name: Saha, Debashis
name: Mironowicz, Piotr
name: Pawlowski, Marcin
name: Bourennane, Mohamed
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Collaborative communication tasks such as random access codes (RACs) employing quantum resources have manifested great potential in enhancing information processing capabilities beyond the classical limitations. The two quantum variants of RACs, namely, quantum random access code (QRAC) and the entanglement-assisted random access code (EARAC), have demonstrated equal prowess for a number of tasks. However, there do exist specific cases where one outperforms the other. In this article, we study a family of $3 \rightarrow 1$ distributed RACs \cite{network} and present its general construction of both the QRAC and the EARAC. We demonstrate that, depending on the function of inputs that is sought, if QRAC achieves the maximal success probability then EARAC fails to do so and vice versa.Moreover, a tripartite Bell-type inequality associated with the EARAC variants reveals the genuine multipartite nonlocality exhibited by our protocol. We conclude with an experimental realization of the $3 \rightarrow 1$ distributed QRAC that achieves higher success probabilities than the maximum possible with EARACs for a number of tasks.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures
Horizontal acquisition of Symbiodiniaceae in the Anemonia viridis (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) species complex
Creators: name: Porro, Barbara
name: Zamoum, Thamilla
name: Mallien, Cédric
name: Hume, Benjamin C. C.
name: Voolstra, Christian R.
name: Röttinger, Eric
name: Furla, Paola
name: Forcioli, Didier
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: [poster presented at iMarCo congress, abstract from the Molecular Ecology related article] All metazoans are in fact holobionts, resulting from the association of several organisms, and organismal adaptation is then due to the composite response of this association to the environment. Deciphering the mechanisms of symbiont acquisition in a holobiont is therefore essential to understanding the extent of its adaptive capacities. In cnidarians, some species acquire their photosynthetic symbionts directly from their parents (vertical transmission) but may also acquire symbionts from the environment (horizontal acquisition) at the adult stage. The Mediterranean snakelocks sea anemone, Anemonia viridis (Forskål, 1775), passes down symbionts from one generation to the next by vertical transmission, but the capacity for such horizontal acquisition is still unexplored. To unravel the flexibility of the association between the different host lineages identified in A. viridis and its Symbiodiniaceae, we genotyped both the animal hosts and their symbiont communities in members of host clones in five different locations in the North Western Mediterranean Sea. The composition of within-host–symbiont populations was more dependent on the geographical origin of the hosts than their membership to a given lineage or even to a given clone. Additionally, similarities in host–symbiont communities were greater among genets (i.e. among different clones) than among ramets (i.e. among members of the same given clonal genotype). Taken together, our results demonstrate that A. viridis may form associations with a range of symbiotic dinoflagellates and suggest a capacity for horizontal acquisition. A mixed-mode transmission strategy in A. viridis, as we posit here, may help explain the large phenotypic plasticity that characterizes this anemone.
Rainbow tensor model with enhanced symmetry and extreme melonic dominance
Creators: name: Itoyama, H.
name: Mironov, A.
name: Morozov, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce and briefly analyze the rainbow tensor model where all planar diagrams are melonic. This leads to considerable simplification of the large N limit as compared to that of the matrix model: in particular, what are dressed in this limit are propagators only, which leads to an oversimplified closed set of Schwinger-Dyson equations for multi-point correlators. We briefly touch upon the Ward identities, the substitute of the spectral curve and the AMM/EO topological recursion and their possible connections to Connes-Kreimer theory and forest formulas.
description: 11 pages
Implizite Theorien von Eltern und deren Zusammenhänge mit elterlichem lernbezogenen Verhalten sowie den impliziten Theorien und dem Lern- und Leistungsverhalten ihrer Kinder: Ein Literaturüberblick
Creators: name: Matthes, Benjamin
name: Stöger, Heidrun
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Implicit theories · Incremental theory · Entity theory · Mindsets · Parental behavior
subject: 370 Erziehung, Schul- und Bildungswesen

description: Während implizite Theorien (auch bekannt als Mindsets) von Lernenden sowie deren Zusammenhänge mit Lern- und Leistungsverhalten sehr umfassend untersucht wurden, gibt es nur wenige Studien zu impliziten Theorien von Eltern und deren Zusammenhängen mit elterlichem lernbezogenen Verhalten sowie den impliziten Theorien und dem Lern- und Leistungsverhalten ihrer Kinder. Zudem ist wenig über die genauen Wirkmechanismen bekannt sowie über die Bedingungen, unter denen elterliche implizite Theorien elterliches Verhalten vorhersagen. Der vorliegende Beitrag gibt einen systematischen Überblick über Studien zu diesen Themen. Hierfür wurde in verschiedenen Datenbanken eine systematische Literaturrecherche nach relevanten Artikeln aus Fachzeitschriften durchgeführt, die zwischen 1990 und 2021 veröffentlicht worden waren. Bei dieser Recherche konnten insgesamt 11 passende Artikel identifiziert werden, deren Befunde gegliedert nach den untersuchten Bereichen dargestellt werden. Neben Befunden zu elterlichen impliziten Theorien und ihren Zusammenhängen mit deren lernbezogenem Verhalten sowie den impliziten Theorien und dem Lern- und Leistungsverhalten ihrer Kinder werden vermittelnde Mechanismen diskutiert und es wird thematisiert, unter welchen Rahmenbedingungen implizite Theorien von Eltern besonders relevant erscheinen. Basierend darauf werden Forschungslücken aufgezeigt und theoretische und praktische Implikationen herausgearbeitet.
Inflationary theory and pulsar timing investigations of primordial black holes and gravitational waves
Creators: name: Orlofsky, Nicholas
name: Pierce, Aaron
name: Wells, James D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The gravitational waves measured at LIGO are presumed here to come from merging primordial black holes. We ask how these primordial black holes could arise through inflationary models while not conflicting with current experiments. Among the approaches that work, we investigate the opportunity for corroboration through experimental probes of gravitational waves at pulsar timing arrays. We provide examples of theories that are already ruled out, theories that will soon be probed, and theories that will not be tested in the foreseeable future. The models that are most strongly constrained are those with a relatively broad primordial power spectrum.
description: 12 pages, 2 figures; v2: references added, published version
title: Thesen zum Workshop: Industriearchitektur - Stadtarchitektur
Creators: name: Siegel, Horst
Publisher: name: Bauhaus-Universität Weimar
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Industriebau
subject: Städtebau
subject: 720

description: Wissenschaftliches Kolloquium vom 27. bis 30. Juni 1989 in Weimar an der Hochschule für Architektur und Bauwesen zum Thema: ‚Produktivkraftentwicklung und Umweltgestaltung. Sozialer und wissenschaftlich-technischer Fortschritt in ihren Auswirkungen auf Architektur und industrielle Formgestaltung in unserer Zeit. Zum 100. Geburtstag von Hannes Meyer'
description: Produktivkraftentwicklung und Umweltgestaltung, sozialer und wissenschaftlich-technischer Fortschritt in ihren Wirkungen auf Architektur und industrielle Formgestaltung in unserer Zeit: 5. Internationales Bauhaus-Kolloquium Weimar 1989, vol. 36, 1990, no. 1-3, p. 145
description: Wissenschaftliche Zeitschrift der Hochschule für Architektur und Bauwesen Weimar, vol. 36, 1990, no. 1-3, p. 145
Catalogue cross-matching and Sherlock
Creators: name: Young, David R.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: astronomy
lsst
sherlock

description: A talk given at a Lasair-LSST User Review meeting, Oxford, September 13th 2023. Sherlock is a boosted decision tree algorithm that mines a library of historical and on-going astronomical survey data in an attempt to predict the nature of the object based on the resulting crossmatched associations found. Here we describe Sherlock's integral role in Lasair, the UK's transient alert stream broker for Rubin Observatory's Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST).
Dirac Cone in two dimensional bilayer graphene by intercalation with V, Nb, and Ta transition metals
Creators: name: Pakhira, Srimanta
name: Lucht, Kevin P.
name: Mendoza-Cortes, Jose L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bilayer graphene (BLG) is semiconductor whose band gap and properties can be tuned by various methods such as doping or applying gate voltage. Here, we show how to tune electronic properties of BLG by intercalation of transition metal (TM) atoms between two monolayer graphene (MLG) using a novel dispersion-corrected first-principle density functional theory approach. We intercalated V, Nb, and Ta atoms between two MLG. We found that the symmetry, the spin, and the concentration of TM atoms in BLG-intercalated materials are the important parameters to control and to obtain a Dirac Cone in their band structures. Our study reveals that the BLG intercalated with one Vanadium (V) atom, BLG-1V, has a Dirac Cone at the K-point. In all the cases, the present DFT calculations show that the 2$p_z$ sub-shells of C atoms in graphene and the 3$d_{yz}$ sub-shells of the TM atoms provide the electron density near the Fermi level E$\mathrm{_F}$ which controls the material properties. Thus, we show that out-of-plane atoms can influence in-plane electronic densities in BLG, and enumerate the conditions necessary to control the Dirac point. This study presents a new strategy for controlling the material properties of BLG so that they exhibit various behaviors, including: metal, semi-metal, and semiconductor by varying the concentration and spin arrangement of the TM atoms in BLG while offering insight into the physical properties of 2D BLG-intercalated materials.
description: 36 Pages, 9 Figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1610.04777
Imperfect quantum networks with tailored resource states
Creators: name: Mor-Ruiz, Maria Flors
name: Wallnöfer, Julius
name: Dür, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Entanglement-based quantum networks exhibit a unique flexibility in the choice of entangled resource states that are then locally manipulated by the nodes to fulfill any request in the network. Furthermore, this manipulation is not uniquely defined and thus can be optimized. We tailor the adaptation of the resource state or pre-established entanglement to achieve bipartite communication in an imperfect setting that includes time-dependent memory errors. In this same setting, we study how the flexibility of this approach can be used for the distribution of entanglement in a fully asymmetric network scenario. The considered entanglement topology is a custom one based on the minimization of the required measurements to retrieve a Bell pair. The optimization of the manipulation and the study of such a custom entanglement topology are performed using the noisy stabilizer formalism, a recently introduced method to fully track noise on graph states. We find that exploiting the flexibility of the entanglement topology, given a certain set of bipartite requests, is highly favorable in terms of the fidelity of the final state.
description: 22 pages, 12 figures
Measurement of $\hat{q}$ in Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions using di-hadron correlations
Creators: name: Tannenbaum, M. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The azimuthal width of the di-hadron correlations in p$+$p collisons, beyond the fragmentation transverse momentum, $j_T$, is dominated by $k_T$, the so-called intrinsic transverse momentum of a parton in a nucleon, which can be measured. The predicted azimuthal broadening in A$+$A collisions should produce a larger $k_T$ than in p$+$p collisions. The present work introduces the observation that the $k_T$ measured in p$+$p collisions for di-hadrons with $p_{Tt}$ and $p_{Ta}$ must be reduced to compensate for the energy loss of both the trigger and away parent partons when comparing to the $k_T$ measured with the same di-hadron $p_{Tt}$ and $p_{Ta}$ in Au$+$Au collisions. This idea is applied to a recent STAR di-hadron measurement, with result $\langle{\hat{q}L}\rangle=2.1\pm 0.6$ GeV$^2$. This is more precise but in agreement with a theoretical calulation of $\langle{\hat{q}L}\rangle=14^{+42}_{-14}$ GeV$^2$ using the same data. Assuming a length $\langle{L}\rangle\approx 7$ fm for central Au$+$Au collisions the present result gives $\hat{q}=0.30\pm 0.09$ GeV$^2$/fm, in fair agreement with the JET collaboration result of $\hat{q}\approx 1.2\pm 0.3$ GeV$^2$/fm at initial time $τ_0=0.6$ fm/c in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=200$ GeV.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Presentation: Analysis of Indonesia Consumer Online Grocery Shopping Behavior in Jabodetabek Area
Creators: name: Keny Rahmawati
name: Arika Bagus Perdana
name: Puji Handayani Kasih
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: This material has presented on 1st International Conference on Advance Research in Social and Economic Science. October 25, 2022
title: Thesen zum Workshop: Die sozial-kulturelle Zielstellung für den Wohnungsbau
Creators: name: Stahr, Joachim
name: Griebel, Nikolaus
Publisher: name: Bauhaus-Universität Weimar
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Wohnungsbau
subject: 720

description: Wissenschaftliches Kolloquium vom 27. bis 30. Juni 1989 in Weimar an der Hochschule für Architektur und Bauwesen zum Thema: ‚Produktivkraftentwicklung und Umweltgestaltung. Sozialer und wissenschaftlich-technischer Fortschritt in ihren Auswirkungen auf Architektur und industrielle Formgestaltung in unserer Zeit. Zum 100. Geburtstag von Hannes Meyer'
description: Produktivkraftentwicklung und Umweltgestaltung, sozialer und wissenschaftlich-technischer Fortschritt in ihren Wirkungen auf Architektur und industrielle Formgestaltung in unserer Zeit: 5. Internationales Bauhaus-Kolloquium Weimar 1989, vol. 36, 1990, no. 1-3, p. 146
description: Wissenschaftliche Zeitschrift der Hochschule für Architektur und Bauwesen Weimar, vol. 36, 1990, no. 1-3, p. 146
The Solar X-ray Limb
Creators: name: Battaglia, Marina
name: Hudson, Hugh S.
name: Hurford, Gordon J.
name: Krucker, Säm
name: Schwartz, Richard A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe a new technique to measure the height of the X-ray limb with observations from occulted X-ray flare sources as observed by the RHESSI (the Reuven Ramaty High-Energy Spectroscopic Imager) satellite. This method has model dependencies different from those present in traditional observations at optical wavelengths, which depend upon detailed modeling involving radiative transfer in a medium with complicated geometry and flows. It thus provides an independent and more rigorous measurement of the "true" solar radius, meaning that of the mass distribution. RHESSI's measurement makes use of the flare X-ray source's spatial Fourier components (the visibilities), which are sensitive to the presence of the sharp edge at the lower boundary of the occulted source. We have found a suitable flare event for analysis, SOL2011-10-20T03:25 (M1.7), and report a first result from this novel technique here. Using a 4-minute integration over the 3-25 keV photon energy range, we find $R_{\mathrm{X-ray}} = 960.11\ \pm\ 0.15 \pm 0.29$ arcsec, at 1 AU, where the uncertainties include statistical uncertainties from the method and a systematic error. The standard VAL-C model predicts a value of 959.94 arcsec, about 1$σ$ below our value.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
PonyGE2: Grammatical Evolution in Python
Creators: name: Fenton, Michael
name: McDermott, James
name: Fagan, David
name: Forstenlechner, Stefan
name: O'Neill, Michael
name: Hemberg, Erik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Grammatical Evolution (GE) is a population-based evolutionary algorithm, where a formal grammar is used in the genotype to phenotype mapping process. PonyGE2 is an open source implementation of GE in Python, developed at UCD's Natural Computing Research and Applications group. It is intended as an advertisement and a starting-point for those new to GE, a reference for students and researchers, a rapid-prototyping medium for our own experiments, and a Python workout. As well as providing the characteristic genotype to phenotype mapping of GE, a search algorithm engine is also provided. A number of sample problems and tutorials on how to use and adapt PonyGE2 have been developed.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures, submitted to the 2017 GECCO Workshop on Evolutionary Computation Software Systems (EvoSoft)
Wilsonian Dark Matter in String Derived $Z^\prime$ Model
Creators: name: Rose, L. Delle
name: Faraggi, A. E.
name: Marzo, C.
name: Rizos, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dark matter issue is among the most perplexing in contemporary physics. The problem is more enigmatic due to the wide range of possible solutions, ranging from the ultra-light to the super-massive. String theory gives rise to plausible dark matter candidates due to the breaking of the non--Abelian Grand Unified Theory (GUT) symmetries by Wilson lines. The physical spectrum then contains states that do not satisfy the quantisation conditions of the unbroken GUT symmetry. Given that the Standard Model states are identified with broken GUT representations, and provided that any ensuing symmetry breaking is induced by components of GUT states, leaves a remnant discrete symmetry that forbid the decay of the Wilsonian states. A class of such states are obtained in a heterotic-string derived $Z^\prime$ model. The model exploits the spinor-vector duality symmetry, observed in the fermionic $Z_2\times Z_2$ heterotic-string orbifolds, to generate a $Z^\prime\in E_6$ symmetry that may remain unbroken down to low energies. The $E_6$ symmetry is broken at the string level with discrete Wilson lines. The Wilsonian dark matter candidates in the string derived model are $SO(10)$, and hence Standard Model, singlets and possess non-$E_6$ $U(1)_{Z^\prime}$ charges. Depending on the $U(1)_{Z^\prime}$ breaking scale and the reheating temperature they give rise to different scenarios for the relic abundance, and in accordance with the cosmological constraints.
description: 24 pages. 5 figures. Standard LaTex. Additional comments and clarifications. Published version
Dynamical Multiferroicity
Creators: name: Juraschek, Dominik Maximilian
name: Fechner, Michael
name: Balatsky, Alexander V.
name: Spaldin, Nicola Ann
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An appealing mechanism for inducing multiferroicity in materials is the generation of electric polarization by a spatially varying magnetization that is coupled to the lattice through the spin-orbit interaction. Here we describe the reciprocal effect, in which a time-dependent electric polarization induces magnetization even in materials with no existing spin structure. We develop a formalism for this dynamical multiferroic effect in the case for which the polarization derives from optical phonons, and compute the strength of the phonon Zeeman effect, which is the solid-state equivalent of the well-established vibrational Zeeman effect in molecules, using density functional theory. We further show that a recently observed behavior -- the resonant excitation of a magnon by optically driven phonons -- is described by the formalism. Finally, we discuss examples of scenarios that are not driven by lattice dynamics and interpret the excitation of Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya-type electromagnons and the inverse Faraday effect from the viewpoint of dynamical multiferroicity.
Optimizing surface defects for atomic-scale electronics: Si dangling bonds
Creators: name: Scherpelz, Peter
name: Galli, Giulia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Surface defects created and probed with scanning tunneling microscopes are a promising platform for atomic-scale electronics and quantum information technology applications. Using first-principles calculations we demonstrate how to engineer dangling bond (DB) defects on hydrogenated Si(100) surfaces, which give rise to isolated impurity states that can be used in atomic-scale devices. In particular we show that sample thickness and biaxial strain can serve as control parameters to design the electronic properties of DB defects. While in thick Si samples the neutral DB state is resonant with bulk valence bands, ultrathin samples (1-2 nm) lead to an isolated impurity state in the gap; similar behavior is seen for DB pairs and DB wires. Strain further isolates the DB from the valence band, with the response to strain heavily dependent on sample thickness. These findings suggest new methods for tuning the properties of defects on surfaces for electronic and quantum information applications. Finally, we present a consistent and unifying interpretation of many results presented in the literature for DB defects on hydrogenated silicon surfaces, rationalizing apparent discrepancies between different experiments and simulations.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures. Includes 11 pages supplemental material
Monte Carlo simulation of a statistical mechanical model of multiple protein sequence alignment
Creators: name: Kinjo, Akira R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A grand canonical Monte Carlo (MC) algorithm is presented for studying the lattice gas model (LGM) of multiple protein sequence alignment, which coherently combines long-range interactions and variable-length insertions. MC simulations are used for both parameter optimization of the model and production runs to explore the sequence subspace around a given protein family. In this Note, I describe the details of the MC algorithm as well as some preliminary results of MC simulations with various temperatures and chemical potentials, and compare them with the mean-field approximation. The existence of a two-state transition in the sequence space is suggested for the SH3 domain family, and inappropriateness of the mean-field approximation for the LGM is demonstrated.
description: 24 pages, 7 figures; corrected errors
Symmetric solutions of evolutionary partial differential equations
Creators: name: Bruell, Gabriele
name: Ehrnstrom, Mats
name: Geyer, Anna
name: Pei, Long
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We show that for a large class of evolutionary nonlinear and nonlocal partial differential equations, symmetry of solutions implies very restrictive properties of the solutions and symmetry axes. These restrictions are formulated in terms of three principles, based on the structure of the equations. The first principle covers equations that allow for steady solutions and shows that any spatially symmetric solution is in fact steady with a speed determined by the motion of the axis of symmetry at the initial time. The second principle includes equations that admit breathers and steady waves, and therefore is less strong: it holds that the axes of symmetry are constant in time. The last principle is a mixed case, when the equation contains terms of the kind from both earlier principles, and there may be different outcomes; for a class of such equations one obtains that a spatially symmetric solution must be constant in both time and space. We list and give examples of more than 30 well-known equations and systems in one and several dimensions satisfying these principles; corresponding results for weak formulations of these equations may be attained using the same techniques. Our investigation is a generalisation of a local and one-dimensional version of the first principle from [E., Holden, and Raynaud, 2009] to nonlocal equations, systems and higher dimensions, as well as a study of the standing and mixed cases.
description: 20 pages
Many-body dynamics of holes in a driven, dissipative spin chain of Rydberg superatoms
Creators: name: Letscher, Fabian
name: Petrosyan, David
name: Fleischhauer, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Strong dipole-dipole interactions between atoms in high-lying Rydberg states can suppress multiple Rydberg excitations within a micron-sized trapping volume and yield sizable Rydberg level shifts at larger distances. Ensembles of atoms in optical microtraps then form Rydberg superatoms with collectively enhanced transition rates to the singly excited state. These superatoms can represent mesoscopic, strongly-interacting spins. We study a regular array of such effective spins driven by a laser field tuned to compensate the interaction-induced level shifts between neighboring superatoms. During the initial transient, a few excited superatoms seed a cascade of resonantly facilitated excitation of large clusters of superatoms. Due to spontaneous decay, the system then relaxes to the steady state having nearly universal Rydberg excitation density $ρ_{\mathrm{R}} = 2/3$. This state is characterized by highly-nontrivial equilibrium dynamics of quasi-particles -- excitation holes in the lattice of Rydberg excited superatoms. We derive an effective many-body model that accounts for hole mobility as well as continuous creation and annihilation of holes upon collisions with each other. We find that holes exhibit a nearly incompressible liquid phase with highly sub-Poissonian number statistics and finite-range density-density correlations.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures
Anisotropic Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya Interaction in ultra-thin epitaxial Au/Co/W(110)
Creators: name: Camosi, Lorenzo
name: Rohart, Stanislas
name: Fruchart, Olivier
name: Pizzini, Stefania
name: Belmeguenai, Mohamed
name: Roussigné, Yves
name: Stachkevitch, Andreï
name: Chérif, Salim Mourad
name: Ranno, Laurent
name: De Santis, Maurizio
name: Vogel, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have used Brillouin Light Scattering spectroscopy to independently determine the in-plane Magneto-Crystalline Anisotropy and the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya Interaction (DMI) in out-of-plane magnetized Au/Co/W(110). We found that the DMI strength is 2-3 times larger along the bcc$[\bar{1}10]$ than along the bcc$[001]$ direction. We use analytical considerations to illustrate the relationship between the crystal symmetry of the stack and the anisotropy of microscopic DMI. Such an anisotropic DMI is the first step to realize isolated elliptical skyrmions or anti-skyrmions in thin film systems with $C_{2v}$ symmetry.
description: Revised and extended version
Plasma Wave Seed for Raman Amplifiers
Creators: name: Qu, Kenan
name: Barth, Ido
name: Fisch, Nathaniel J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is proposed to replace the traditional counterpropagating laser seed in backward Raman amplifiers with a plasma wave seed. In the linear regime, namely, for a constant pump amplitude, a plasma wave seed may be found by construction that strictly produces the same output pulse as does a counterpropagating laser seed. In the nonlinear regime, or pump-depletion regime, the plasma-wave-initiated output pulse can be shown numerically to approach the same self-similar attractor solution for the corresponding laser seed. In addition, chirping the plasma wave wavelength can produce the same beneficial effects as chirping the seed wave frequency. This methodology is attractive because it avoids issues in preparing and synchronizing a frequency-shifted laser seed.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
A global view on the Higgs self-coupling
Creators: name: Di Vita, Stefano
name: Grojean, Christophe
name: Panico, Giuliano
name: Riembau, Marc
name: Vantalon, Thibaud
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Higgs self-coupling is notoriously intangible at the LHC. It was recently proposed to probe the trilinear Higgs interaction through its radiative corrections to single-Higgs processes. This approach however requires to disentangle these effects from those associated to deviations of other Higgs-couplings to fermions and gauge bosons. We show that a global fit exploiting only single-Higgs inclusive data suffers from degeneracies that prevent one from extracting robust bounds on each individual coupling. We show how the inclusion of double-Higgs production via gluon fusion, and the use of differential measurements in the associated single-Higgs production channels WH, ZH and ttH, can help to overcome the deficiencies of a global Higgs-couplings fit. In particular, we bound the variations of the Higgs trilinear self-coupling relative to its SM value to the interval [0.1, 2.3] at 68% confidence level at the high-luminosity LHC, and we discuss the robustness of our results against various assumptions on the experimental uncertainties and the underlying new physics dynamics. We also study how to obtain a parametrically enhanced deviation of the Higgs self-couplings and we estimate how large this deviation can be in a self-consistent effective field theory framework.
description: 41 pages, 6 figures; v2: comments and references added, minor typos corrected, matches published version
Wave-Turbulence Theory of four-wave nonlinear interactions
Creators: name: Chibbaro, Sergio
name: Dematteis, Giovanni
name: Josserand, Christophe
name: Rondoni, Lamberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Sagdeev-Zaslavski (SZ) equation for wave turbulence is analytically derived, both in terms of generating function and of multi-point pdf, for weakly interacting waves with initial random phases. When also initial amplitudes are random, the one-point pdf equation is derived. Such analytical calculations remarkably agree with results obtained in totally different fashions. Numerical investigations of the two-dimensional nonlinear Schroedinger equation (NLSE) and of a vibrating plate prove that: (i) generic Hamiltonian 4-wave systems rapidly attain a random distribution of phases independently of the slower dynamics of the amplitudes, vindicating the hypothesis of initially random phases; (ii) relaxation of the Fourier amplitudes to the predicted stationary distribution (exponential) happens on a faster timescale than relaxation of the spectrum (Rayleigh-Jeans distribution); (iii) the pdf equation correctly describes dynamics under different forcings: the NLSE has an exponential pdf corresponding to a quasi-gaussian solution, like the vibrating plates, that also show some intermittency at very strong forcings.
An unbiased estimator for the ellipticity from image moments
Creators: name: Tessore, Nicolas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: An unbiased estimator for the ellipticity of an object in a noisy image is given in terms of the image moments. Three assumptions are made: i) the pixel noise is normally distributed, although with arbitrary covariance matrix, ii) the image moments are taken about a fixed centre, and iii) the point-spread function is known. The relevant combinations of image moments are then jointly normal and their covariance matrix can be computed. A particular estimator for the ratio of the means of jointly normal variates is constructed and used to provide the unbiased estimator for the ellipticity. Furthermore, an unbiased estimate of the covariance of the new estimator is also given.
description: 4 pages, accepted by MNRASL; v2 contains explicit covariance matrix for moments
Parallel Critical Field in Thin Niobium Films: Comparison to Theory
Creators: name: Broussard, P. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For the first time, a comparison to the predicted behavior for parallel critical field is carried out for the model of Kogan and the model of Hara and Nagai. In this study, thin niobium films in the moderately dirty regime were considered. Experimental values of the $-C_{2}$ term are seen to be lower than those from the model of Hara and Nagai. A possible reason for this could be not including the non spherical Fermi surface of niobium into the model. There is clearly disagreement with the model of Kogan as the films get cleaner and thinner, and two films which should be below his critical thickness still show positive values of $-C_{2}$, in disagreement with his theory.
description: 15 pages, 6 figures, 1 table, submitted to Journal of Low Temperature Physics
Axion-Like Particles and Recent Observations of the Cosmic Infrared Background Radiation
Creators: name: Kohri, Kazunori
name: Kodama, Hideo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The CIBER collaboration released their first observational data of the Cosmic IR background (CIB) radiation, which has significant excesses at around the wavelength $\sim$ 1 $μ$m compared to theoretically-inferred values. The amount of the CIB radiation has a significant influence on the opaqueness of the Universe for TeV gamma-rays emitted from distant sources such as AGNs. With the value of CIB radiation reported by the CIBER experiment, through the reaction of such TeV gamma-rays with the CIB photons, the TeV gamma-rays should be significantly attenuated during propagation, which would lead to energy spectra in disagreement with current observations of TeV gamma ray sources. In this article, we discuss a possible resolution of this tension between the TeV gamma-ray observations and the CIB data in terms of axion [or Axion-Like Particles (ALPs)] that may increase the transparency of the Universe by the anomaly-induced photon-axion mixing. We find a region in the parameter space of the axion mass, $m_a \sim 7 \times 10^{-10} - 5 \times 10^{-8}$eV, and the axion-photon coupling constant, $1.2 \times 10^{-11} {\rm GeV}^{-1} \lesssim g_{aγ} \lesssim 8.8 \times 10^{-10} {\rm GeV}^{-1}$ that solves this problem.
description: To appear in PRD Rapid Communications, 6 pages, 5 figures
Supersymmetric Yang-Mills Theory as Higher Chern-Simons Theory
Creators: name: Saemann, Christian
name: Wolf, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We observe that the string field theory actions for the topological sigma models describe higher or categorified Chern-Simons theories. These theories yield dynamical equations for connective structures on higher principal bundles. As a special case, we consider holomorphic higher Chern-Simons theory on the ambitwistor space of four-dimensional space-time. In particular, we propose a higher ambitwistor space action functional for maximally supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory.
description: v2: 25 pages, conventions improved, typos fixed, published version
title: Thesen zum Workshop: Die Ethik des Fortschritts und die Zukunft der Städte
Creators: name: Bach, Joachim
Publisher: name: Bauhaus-Universität Weimar
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Stadtplanung
subject: Fortschritt
subject: Zukunft
subject: 720

description: Wissenschaftliches Kolloquium vom 27. bis 30. Juni 1989 in Weimar an der Hochschule für Architektur und Bauwesen zum Thema: ‚Produktivkraftentwicklung und Umweltgestaltung. Sozialer und wissenschaftlich-technischer Fortschritt in ihren Auswirkungen auf Architektur und industrielle Formgestaltung in unserer Zeit. Zum 100. Geburtstag von Hannes Meyer'
description: Produktivkraftentwicklung und Umweltgestaltung, sozialer und wissenschaftlich-technischer Fortschritt in ihren Wirkungen auf Architektur und industrielle Formgestaltung in unserer Zeit: 5. Internationales Bauhaus-Kolloquium Weimar 1989, vol. 36, 1990, no. 1-3, p. 147
description: Wissenschaftliche Zeitschrift der Hochschule für Architektur und Bauwesen Weimar, vol. 36, 1990, no. 1-3, p. 147
Three-dimensional magnetic structure of a sunspot: comparison of the photosphere and upper chromosphere
Creators: name: Joshi, Jayant
name: Lagg, Andreas
name: Hirzberger, Johann
name: Solanki, Sami K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the magnetic field of a sunspot in the upper chromosphere and compare it to the field's photospheric properties. We observed the main leading sunspot of the active region NOAA 11124 on two days with the Tenrife Infrared Polarimeter-2 (TIP-2) mounted at the German Vacuum Tower Telescope (VTT). Through inversion of Stokes spectra of the He I triplet at 1083.0 nm, we obtained the magnetic field vector of the upper chromosphere. For comparison with the photosphere we applied height-depended inversions of the Si I 1082.71 nm and Ca I 1083.34 nm lines. We found that the umbral magnetic field strength in the upper chromosphere is lower by a factor of 1.30-1.65 compared to the photosphere. The magnetic field strength of the umbra decreases from the photosphere towards the upper chromosphere by an average rate of 0.5-0.9 G km$^{-1}$. The difference in the magnetic field strength between both atmospheric layers steadily decreases from the sunspot center to the outer boundary of the sunspot, with the field (in particular its horizontal component) being stronger in the chromopshere outside the spot, suggestive of a magnetic canopy. The sunspot displays a twist that on average is similar in the two layers. However, the differential twist between photosphere and chromosphere increases rapidly towards the outer penumbral boundary. The magnetic field vector is more horizontal with respect to the solar surface by roughly 5-20$^\circ$ in the photosphere compared to the upper chromosphere. Above a lightbridge, the chromospheric magnetic field is equally strong as that in the umbra, whereas the lightbridge's field is weaker than its surroundings in the photosphere by roughly 1 kG. This suggests a cusp-like magnetic field structure above the lightbridge.
description: 12 pages, 15 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
ผลของนโยบายการคลังต่อเศรษฐกิจไทย
Creators: name: บุษรา มุ้ยอิ้ง
Publisher: name: วารสารสหวิทยาการวิจัย: ฉบับบัณฑิตศึกษา
Year: 2023
Subjects: นโยบายการคลัง
เศรษฐกิจไทย
รายรับของรัฐบาล
รายจ่ายของรัฐบาล

description: วารสารสหวิทยาการวิจัย: ฉบับบัณฑิตศึกษา, 12, 1, 273-280
SMITIN: Self-Monitored Inference-Time INtervention for Generative Music Transformers
Creators: name: Koo, Junghyun
name: Wichern, Gordon
name: Germain, Francois G.
name: Khurana, Sameer
name: Roux, Jonathan Le
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: We introduce Self-Monitored Inference-Time INtervention (SMITIN), an approach for controlling an autoregressive generative music transformer using classifier probes. These simple logistic regression probes are trained on the output of each attention head in the transformer using a small dataset of audio examples both exhibiting and missing a specific musical trait (e.g., the presence/absence of drums, or real/synthetic music). We then steer the attention heads in the probe direction, ensuring the generative model output captures the desired musical trait. Additionally, we monitor the probe output to avoid adding an excessive amount of intervention into the autoregressive generation, which could lead to temporally incoherent music. We validate our results objectively and subjectively for both audio continuation and text-to-music applications, demonstrating the ability to add controls to large generative models for which retraining or even fine-tuning is impractical for most musicians.
 Audio samples of the proposed intervention approach are available on our demo page http://tinyurl.com/smitin .
Rescattering effects in the hadronic-light-by-light contribution to the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon
Creators: name: Colangelo, Gilberto
name: Hoferichter, Martin
name: Procura, Massimiliano
name: Stoffer, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a first model-independent calculation of $ππ$ intermediate states in the hadronic-light-by-light (HLbL) contribution to the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon $(g-2)_μ$ that goes beyond the scalar QED pion loop. To this end we combine a recently developed dispersive description of the HLbL tensor with a partial-wave expansion and demonstrate that the known scalar-QED result is recovered after partial-wave resummation. Using dispersive fits to high-statistics data for the pion vector form factor, we provide an evaluation of the full pion box, $a_μ^{π\text{-box}}=-15.9(2)\times 10^{-11}$. We then construct suitable input for the $γ^*γ^*\toππ$ helicity partial waves based on a pion-pole left-hand cut and show that for the dominant charged-pion contribution this representation is consistent with the two-loop chiral prediction and the COMPASS measurement for the pion polarizability. This allows us to reliably estimate $S$-wave rescattering effects to the full pion box and leads to our final estimate for the sum of these two contributions: $a_μ^{π\text{-box}} + a_{μ,J=0}^{ππ,π\text{-pole LHC}}=-24(1)\times 10^{-11}$.
description: 7 pages, 1 figure; version to appear in PRL