Homalopoda Howard 1894
Creators: name: Noyes, John Stuart
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Encyrtidae
Homalopoda

description: Key to Costa Rican species of Homalopoda   
 (Females)   
1. Fore wing (Figs 74, 83, 93, 98) with a pair of distinct, but sometimes faint, paler subapical spots; hyaline area at apex of venation with a virtually straight lower margin, never extended proximally towards opposite hyaline area.................................. 2  
- Fore wing (Fig 103, 111, 1 15, 119, 126, 134), without a pair of paler subapical spots, sometimes whole apex slightly paler; hyaline area at apex of venation with lower margin sometimes distinctly extended proximally towards opposite hyaline area (Figs 119, 126,134)...............................................................................................5  
2 (1) Middle of fore wing below marginal vein sometimes paler but never with a well-defined hyaline spot (Fig. 74, 83)..................................................................................... 3  
- Middle of fore wing area below marginal vein with a well-defined hyaline spot (Fig. 93, 98)........................................................................................................................ 4  
 3 (2) Apex of scutellum with one pair of bristle-like setae (Fig. 72); second valvifer without subapical setae; linea calva not interrupted (Fig. 75)...... onothrix sp.nov. (p. 55)   
 - Apex of scutellum with two pairs of scale-like setae arranged in a line (Fig. 79); second valvifer with at least 3 subapical setae; linea calva interrupted by at least 3 setae (Fig. 83).............................................................................. aesira sp.nov. (p. 57)   
 4 (2) Antenna (Fig. 90) with all funicle segments at least about 1.5X as long as broad, flagellum clearly more than 0.9X as long as head width; apex of scutellum with 2 pairs of bristle-like setae (Fig. 91), outer pair slightly anterior to inner pair (occasionally inner pair very slightly flattened and scale-like, but outer pair always bristle-like); fore wing (Fig. 93) with subapical hyaline spots separated by much less than length of marginal vein, usually less than half length..................................................................................................................................... cristata Howard (p. 60)   
 - Antenna (Fig. 96) with relatively shorter funicle segments so that F2 is subquadrate, flagellum less than 0.8X as long as head width; apex of scutellum with two pairs of scale-like setae in a line; fore wing (Fig. 98) with subapical hyaline spots separated by about length of marginal vein...................... rehdera sp.nov. (p. 61)   
 5 (1) Antenna (Fig. 101) with F1-F3 transverse, F4 slightly longer than broad..................................................................................................................... aibeus sp.nov. (p. 63)   
- Antenna (Figs. 108, 113, 122, 127, 133) with all funicle segments longer than broad..... 6  
6 (5) Opposite hyaline spots distad of venation separated by more than their own greatest diameter (Figs 111, 115)...................................................................................... 7  
- Opposite hyaline spots distad of venation separated by much less than their own greatest diameter, sometimes more or less touching (Figs 119, 126, 134)........................ 8  
 7 (6) Apex of scutellum with a single pair of bristle-like setae; hind tibia with an abrupt subbasal constriction; mandible (Fig. 107) with one tooth and a broad truncation; middle of fore wing (Fig. 111) below marginal vein with a well-defined hyaline spot..................................................................................... beatriz sp.nov. (p. 65)   
 - Apex of scutellum with two pairs of scale-like setae arranged in a line (Fig. 118); hind tibia not abruptly constricted subbasally; mandible 4-dentate (Fig. 117); middle of fore wing (Fig. 115) below marginal vein sometimes paler but never a well-defined hyaline spot........................................................... carpha sp.nov. (p. 67)   
 8 (6) Scape pale orange (Fig. 122); fore and mid legs generally pale orange, mid tibia with a narrow incomplete subbasal brown band; fore wing (Fig. 119) evenly infuscate distad of subapical pair of hyaline spots............................ baunos sp.nov. (p. 69)   
- Scape dark brown (Figs 127, 133); fore and mid legs generally brown to dark brown, mid tibia dark brown in proximal half; fore wing (Figs 126, 134) with apical area conspicuously paler than area immediately distad of subapical pair of hyaline spots..................................................................................................................... 9  
 9 (8) Frontovertex less than one-quarter head width; paler apical area of fore wing less than 0.3X as deep as width of wing (Fig. 126).............................. opsis sp.nov. (p.70)   
 - Frontovertex (Fig. 130) more than one-quarter head width; pale apical area of fore wing at least 0.4X as deep as width of wing (Fig. 134)............. donatos sp.nov. (p. 72)
description: Published as part of Noyes, John Stuart, 2023, ENCYRTIDAE OF COSTA RICA (HYMENOPTERA: CHALCIDOIDEA), 4 Subfamily Encyrtinae: tribes Arrhenophagini, Habrolepidini, Cerapterocerini, Cheiloneurini, Trechnitini, Cercobelini, Polaszekiini, Protyndarichoidini, Gahaniellini and Syrphophagini (part), mainly primary parasitoids and hyperparasitoids of Coccoidea and Psylloidea (Hemiptera), pp. 1-921 in Taxonomic Monographs on Neotropical Hymenoptera (Oxford, England) (Oxford, England) 2 (11) on pages 54-55, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.8074943