cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Accomplishing the sighted world
Creators: name: Michalko, Rod
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Blindness is commonly and ordinarily understood to be an exclusively physiological phenomenon. That is, the genesis of blindness is typically framed within a physiological paradigm. Thus, blindness is commonly understood to be caused by a malfunction of the physiological processes of seeing. It is precisely within this physiological paradigm that research on blindness, for the most part, is framed. Further it is commonly and ordinarily understood that blind persons perceive the world inaccurately. Within this perspective, it is held that blind persons must be "taught" various aspects of the "sighted world" in order that they may live as "normally" as possible within this world. Thus, research in the area of blindness typically aims at the formulation of rehabilitative methods and procedures whereby blind persons are "taught" what it is they have to know in order to coexist with sighted others in a "sighted world". In short, then, investigators of blindness are typically involved in speculating about how it is that blind persons should live. This sort of speculation, however, precludes any-understanding of how it is that blind persons do live and, thus, avoids any understanding of how blind persons interact with, sighted others in a "sighted world". This study represents an investigation of at least some of the ways in which blind persons understand the "sighted world" and some of the ways in which blind persons socially interact within this "sighted world". Thus, blindness is treated here not merely as a physiological phenomenon, but rather as a social phenomenon. The method of participant observation is utilized to develop an ethnography of blindness in order to demonstrate some of the ways that blind persons interact with sighted others within a "sighted world". Further, ethnographic data is presented and analyzed in an attempt to show how blind persons accomplish the "sighted world". Blind persons are involved in an activity which, within sociological terms, can be called "passing". Conventionally, "passing" is understood as an activity engaged in by socially stigmatized persons in an attempt to conceal their social stigma. Blind persons, however, are not involved in "passing" only in an attempt to conceal their blindness from others, instead, blind persons are involved in "passing" in order to display their knowledge of, understanding of, acceptance of, and deference to the paramount reality, name the "sighted world".
CIFRA National Survey: Uruguay September 1997
Creators: name: CIFRA, In Bogliaccini, Juan, And Queirolo Rosario Laboratorio De Opinión Pública And Redes Sociales En Uruguay Collection (Social Networks And Public Opinion Lab Collection)
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2021

description: Columbus Day; Mercosur (1991 South American trade bloc); approval of various political figures and groups; Julio María Sanguinetti presidency; closeness to political party; where do you go when you need a doctor; monthly medical fees payment; political party candidate election; rate kindness of political figures; Uruguay economy; globalization; global competition; interest in politics; Uruguay progress; family economic situation; telephones; 1994 voting history; 1999 (next) election voting preferences. National Agency for Research and Innovation (ANII) Collection.
Massive Superstring Scatterings in the Regge Regime
Creators: name: He, Song
name: Lee, Jen-Chi
name: Takahashi, Keijiro
name: Yang, Yi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate four classes of high energy massive string scattering amplitudes of fermionic string theory at arbitrary mass levels in the Regge regime (RR). We show that all four leading order amplitudes in the RR can be expressed in terms of the Kummer function of the second kind. Based on the summation algorithm of a set of extended signed Stirling number identities, we show that all four ratios calculated previously by the method of decoupling of zero-norm states among scattering amplitudes in the Gross Regime (GR) can be extracted from this Kummer function in the RR. Finally, we conjecture and give evidences that the existence of these four GR ratios in the RR persists to subleading orders in the Regge expansion of all high energy fermionic string scattering amplitudes.
description: 35 pages, 1 figure. v3:41 pages,Eqs. added,typos corrected. v4:typos corrected,final accepted by PRD
Opción Consultores National Survey: Uruguay August 2014
Creators: name: Opción Consultores, In Bogliaccini, Juan, And Queirolo Rosario Laboratorio De Opinión Pública And Redes Sociales En Uruguay Collection (Social Networks And Public Opinion Lab Collection)
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2021

description: 2014 general election; vote for or against parties; Colorado Party; National Party; Frente Amplio (a leftist political coalition); Independent Party; preferences between party candidates; Luis Lacalle Pou (National Party); Jorge Larrañaga (National Party); Constanza Moreira (Frente Amplio); Tabaré Vázquez (Frente Amplio); Jose Amorin Batlle (Colorado Party); Pedro Bordaberry (Colorado Party); intent to vote in primaries; 2009 general election; José Mujica (Frente Amplio); Pablo Mieres (Independent Party). National Agency for Research and Innovation (ANII) Collection.
The death of massive stars - I. Observational constraints on the progenitors of type II-P supernovae
Creators: name: Smartt, S. J.
name: Eldridge, J. J.
name: Crockett, R. M.
name: Maund, J. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of a 10.5 yr, volume limited (28 Mpc) search for supernova (SN) progenitor stars. We compile all SNe discovered within this volume (132, of which 27% are type Ia) and determine the relative rates of each sub-type from literature studies : II-P (59%), Ib/c (29%), IIb (5%), IIn (4%) and II-L (3%). Twenty II-P SNe have high quality optical or near-IR pre-explosion images that allow a meaningful search for the progenitor stars. In five cases they are clearly red supergiants, one case is unconstrained, two fall on compact coeval star clusters and the other twelve have no progenitor detected. We review and update all the available data for the host galaxies (distance, metallicity and extinction) and determine masses and upper mass estimates using the STARS stellar evolutionary code and a single consistent homogeneous method. A maximum likelihood calculation suggests that the minimum stellar mass for a type II-P to form is m(min)=8.5 +1/-1.5 Msol and the maximum mass for II-P progenitors is m(max)=16.5 +/- 1.5 Msol, assuming a Salpeter initial mass function (in the range Gamma = -1.35 +0.3/-0.7). The minimum mass is consistent with current estimates for white dwarf progenitor masses, but the maximum mass does not appear consistent with massive star populations. Red supergiants in the Local Group have masses up to 25Msol and the minimum mass to produce a Wolf-Rayet star in single star evolution (between solar and LMC metallicity) is similarly 25-30 Msol. We term this discrepancy the "red supergiant problem" and speculate that these stars could have core masses high enough to form black holes and SNe which are too faint to have been detected. Low luminosity SNe with low 56Ni production seem to arise from explosions of low mass progenitors near the mass threshold for core-collapse. (abridged).
description: 37 pages, 9 figs, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Holography of the Quark Matter Triple Point
Creators: name: McInnes, Brett
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quark matter phase diagram is believed to contain two distinguished points, lying on the boundary of the Quark-Gluon Plasma phase: a critical point and a triple point. In the holographic ["AdS/QCD"] approach, the region of relatively low chemical potentials around the phase transition near the critical point may be described using generalizations of the Hawking-Page transition. We propose that the \emph{other} QGP phase line, beginning at the triple point and rising towards the region of extremely high temperatures and chemical potentials, is described instead by a non-perturbative string effect discovered by Seiberg and Witten. Using an assumed position for the critical point, we are able to use this proposal to obtain a holographic lower bound on the temperature of the triple point. Combined with Shuryak's upper bound on this temperature, this leads to a rough estimate of the location of the triple point, at a temperature of around 70 MeV, and a chemical potential of about 1100 MeV.
description: Added references to quarkyonic triple point; added brief discussion of relation with Hartnoll et al.'s Fermi seasickness; 23 pages, 3 figures; version to appear in Nuclear Physics B
Continua with non-local constitutive laws: exploitation of entropy inequality
Creators: name: Gorgone, Matteo
name: Oliveri, Francesco
name: Rogolino, Patrizia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 74A15 - 74A20 - 76A10

description: In this paper, we consider a system of balance laws sufficiently general to contain the equations describing the thermomechanics of a one-dimensional continuum; this system involves some constitutive functions depending on the elements of the so called state space assumed to contain the spatial gradients of some of the unknown fields. The compatibility of the constitutive equations with an entropy-like principle is considered via an extended Liu procedure by using as constraints both the balance equations and some of their gradient extensions. This procedure is then applied to the equations of a fluid whose description involves an internal variable and first order non-local constitutive relations, and to a Korteweg fluid with second order non-localities. In both cases, the restrictions placed by an entropy inequality are solved, and an explicit solution for the constitutive equations is provided.
description: 29 pages, no figures
Pair Correlations, Short Range Order and Dispersive Excitations in the Quasi-Kagome Quantum Magnet Volborthite
Creators: name: Nilsen, G. J.
name: Coomer, F. C.
name: de Vries, M. A.
name: Stewart, J. R.
name: Deen, P. P.
name: Harrison, A.
name: Ronnow, H. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present spatial and dynamic information on the s=1/2 distorted kagome antiferromagnet volborthite, Cu3V2O7(OD)2.2D2O, obtained by polarized and inelastic neutron scattering. The instantaneous structure factor, S(Q), is dominated by nearest neighbor pair correlations, with short range order at wave vectors Q1=0.65(3) Å^-1 and Q2=1.15(5) Å^-1 emerging below 5 K. The excitation spectrum, S(Q,ω), reveals two steep branches dispersing from Q1 and Q2, and a flat mode at ω=5.0(2) meV. The results allow us to identify the cross-over at T*=1 K in 51V NMR and specific heat measurements as the build-up of correlations at Q_1. We compare our data to theoretical models proposed for volborthite, and demonstrate that the excitation spectrum can be explained by spin-wave-like excitations with anisotropic exchange parameters, as also suggested by recent local density calculations.
description: Rewritten article resubmitted to Phys. Rev. Lett. 0211
Joint Trading and Scheduling among Coupled Carbon-Electricity-Heat-Gas Industrial Clusters
Creators: name: Zhu, Dafeng
name: Yang, Bo
name: Wu, Yu
name: Deng, Haoran
name: Dong, Zhaoyang
name: Ma, Kai
name: Guan, Xinping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This paper presents a carbon-energy coupling management framework for an industrial park, where the carbon flow model accompanying multi-energy flows is adopted to track and suppress carbon emissions on the user side. To deal with the quadratic constraint of gas flows, a bound tightening algorithm for constraints relaxation is adopted. The synergies among the carbon capture, energy storage, power-to-gas further consume renewable energy and reduce carbon emissions. Aiming at carbon emissions disparities and supply-demand imbalances, this paper proposes a carbon trading ladder reward and punishment mechanism and an energy trading and scheduling method based on Lyapunov optimization and matching game to maximize the long-term benefits of each industrial cluster without knowing the prior information of random variables. Case studies show that our proposed trading method can reduce overall costs and carbon emissions while relieving energy pressure, which is important for Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG).
Spin dependent Fermi Liquid parameters and properties of polarized quark matter
Creators: name: Pal, Kausik
name: Biswas, Subhrajyoti
name: Dutt-Mazumder, Abhee K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the spin dependent Fermi liquid parameters (FLPs), single particle energies and energy densities of various spin states of polarized quark matter. The expressions for the incompressibility($K$) and sound velocity ($c_1$) in terms of the spin dependent FLPs and polarization parameter $(ξ)$ are derived. Estimated values of $K$ and $c_1$ reveal that the equation of state (EOS) of the polarized matter is stiffer than the unpolarized one. Finally we investigate the possibility of the spin polarization (ferromagnetism) phase transition.
description: 20 pages, 8 figures, references added, to appear in Physical Review C
Free energy of Lorentz-violating QED at high temperature
Creators: name: Gomes, M.
name: Mariz, T.
name: Nascimento, J. R.
name: Petrov, A. Yu.
name: Santos, A. F.
name: da Silva, A. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we study the one- and two-loop contribution to the free energy in QED with the Lorentz symmetry breaking introduced via constant CPT-even Lorentz-breaking parameters at the high temperature limit. We find the impact of the Lorentz-violating term for the free energy and carry out a numerical estimation for the Lorentz-breaking parameter.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures, revtex4; v2: final version published in PRD
On the Correct Use of Statistical Tests: Reply to "Lies, damned lies and statistics (in Geology)"
Creators: name: Sornette, D.
name: Pisarenko, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a Forum published in EOS Transactions AGU (2009) entitled "Lies, damned lies and statistics (in Geology)", Vermeesch (2009) claims that "statistical significant is not the same as geological significant", in other words, statistical tests may be misleading. In complete contradiction, we affirm that statistical tests are always informative. We detail the several mistakes of Vermeesch in his initial paper and in his comments to our reply. The present text is developed in the hope that it can serve as an illuminating pedagogical exercise for students and lecturers to learn more about the subtleties, richness and power of the science of statistics.
description: 7 pages and 1 figure: This text expands considerably the short text published under the same title in Eos Transactions AGU, Vol. 92, No. 8, page 64, 22 February 2011
A Minimal Space Interferometer Configuration for Imaging at Low Radio Frequencies
Creators: name: Jaini, Akhil
name: Deshpande, Avinash A.
name: Bitragunta, Sainath
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The radio sky at lower frequencies, particularly below 20 MHz, is expected to be a combination of increasingly bright non-thermal emission and significant absorption from intervening thermal plasma. The sky maps at these frequencies cannot therefore be obtained by simple extrapolation of those at higher frequencies. However, due to severe constraints in ground-based observations, this spectral window still remains greatly unexplored. In this paper, we propose and study, through simulations, a novel minimal configuration for a space interferometer system which would enable imaging of the radio sky at frequencies well below 20 MHz with angular resolutions comparable to those achieved at higher radio frequencies in ground-based observations by using the aperture-synthesis technique. The minimal configuration consists of three apertures aboard Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites orbiting the Earth in mutually orthogonal orbits. Orbital periods for the satellites are deliberately chosen to differ from each other so as to obtain maximum (u, v) coverage in short time spans with baselines greater than 15000 km, thus, giving us angular resolutions finer than 10 arcsec even at these low frequencies. The sensitivity of the (u, v) coverage is assessed by varying the orbit and the initial phase of the satellites. We discuss the results obtained from these simulations and highlight the advantages of such a system.
description: 17 pages, 10 figures, Manuscript has been accepted for publication in the Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia (PASA)
Higher order beliefs and the dynamics of exchange rates
Creators: name: Pancotto, Francesca
name: Pignataro, Giuseppe
name: Raggi, Davide
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2014
Subjects: SECS-P/02 Politica economica

description: This paper investigates the role of higher order beliefs in the formation of exchange rates. Our model combines a standard macroeconomic dynamics for the exchange rates with a microeconomic specification of agents' heterogeneity and their interactions. The empirical analysis relies on a state space model estimated through Bayesian methods. We exploit data on macroeconomic fundamentals in a panel of subjective forecasts on the euro/dollar exchange rate. The equilibrium strategy on the optimization process of the predictors shows that higher order beliefs is the relevant factor in performing individual
forecasting. Moreover public information, namely past exchange rates and fundamentals, plays a crucial role as a coordination device to generate expectations among agents on the basis of their forecasting abilities.
CME liftoff with high-frequency fragmented type II burst emission
Creators: name: Pohjolainen, S.
name: Pomoell, J.
name: Vainio, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aims: Solar radio type II bursts are rarely seen at frequencies higher than a few hundred MHz. Since metric type II bursts are thought to be signatures of propagating shock waves, it is of interest to know how these shocks, and the type II bursts, are formed. In particular, how are high-frequency, fragmented type II bursts created? Are there differences in shock acceleration or in the surrounding medium that could explain the differences to the "typical" metric type IIs? Methods: We analyse one unusual metric type II event in detail, with comparison to white-light, EUV, and X-ray observations. As the radio event was associated with a flare and a coronal mass ejection (CME), we investigate their connection. We then utilize numerical MHD simulations to study the shock structure induced by an erupting CME in a model corona including dense loops. Results: Our simulations show that the fragmented part of the type II burst can be formed when a coronal shock driven by a mass ejection passes through a system of dense loops overlying the active region.To produce fragmented emission, the conditions for plasma emission have to be more favourable inside the loop than in the interloop area. The obvious hypothesis, consistent with our simulation model, is that the shock strength decreases significantly in the space between the denser loops. The later, more typical type II burst appears when the shock exits the dense loop system and finally, outside the active region, the type II burst dies out when the changing geometry no longer favours the electron shock-acceleration.
description: 7 pages, 9 figures, A&A accepted
The Potential of Metarhizium anisopliae and Beauveria bassiana for Controlling Coffee Borer Beetle (Hypothenemus hampei Ferrari) in Laboratory Conditions
Creators: name: Pattira Satwong
Publisher: name: Department of Agriculture
Year: 2023
Subjects: coffee borer beetle
entomopathogenic fungi
Metarhizium anisopliae
Beauveria bassiana

description: Thai Agricultural Research Journal, 41, 1, 70-79
A note on Wigner-Yanase skew information-based uncertainty of quantum channels
Creators: name: Zhang, Qing-Hua
name: Wu, Jing-Feng
name: Fei, Shao-Ming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The variance of quantum channels involving a mixed state gives a hybrid of classical and quantum uncertainties. We seek certain decomposition of variance into classical and quantum parts in terms of the Wigner-Yanase skew information. Generalizing the uncertainty relations for quantum observables to quantum channels, we introduce a new quantity with better quantum mechanical nature to describe the uncertainty relations for quantum channels. We derive several uncertainty relations for quantum channels via variances and the Wigner-Yanase skew information.
description: 11 pages, 1 figure
Quantum Propagators for Geodesic Congruences
Creators: name: Socolovsky, Miguel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the Raychaudhuri equation, we show that a quantum probability amplitude (Feynman propagator) can be univocally associated to any timelike or null affinely parametrized geodesic congruence.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures
M2-Brane Superalgebra from Bagger-Lambert Theory
Creators: name: Passerini, Filippo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is known that the M2-brane worldvolume superalgebra includes two p-form central charges that encode the M-theory intersections involving M2-branes. In this paper we show by explicit computation that the Bagger-Lambert Lagrangian realizes the M2-brane superalgebra, including also the central extensions. Solitons of the Bagger-Lambert theory, that are interpreted as worldvolume realizations of intersecting branes, are shown to saturate a BPS-bound given in terms of the corresponding central charge.
description: 19 pages, harvmac
Interaction-induced shift of the cyclotron resonance of graphene using infrared spectroscopy
Creators: name: Henriksen, E. A.
name: Cadden-Zimansky, P.
name: Jiang, Z.
name: Li, Z. Q.
name: Tung, L. -C.
name: Schwartz, M. E.
name: Takita, M.
name: Wang, Y. -J.
name: Kim, P.
name: Stormer, H. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a study of the cyclotron resonance (CR) transitions to and from the unusual $n=0$ Landau level (LL) in monolayer graphene. Unexpectedly, we find the CR transition energy exhibits large (up to 10%) and non-monotonic shifts as a function of the LL filling factor, with the energy being largest at half-filling of the $n=0$ level. The magnitude of these shifts, and their magnetic field dependence, suggests that an interaction-enhanced energy gap opens in the $n=0$ level at high magnetic fields. Such interaction effects normally have limited impact on the CR due to Kohn's theorem [W. Kohn, Phys. Rev. {\bf 123}, 1242 (1961)], which does not apply in graphene as a consequence of the underlying linear band structure.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures. Version 2, edited for publication. Includes a number of edits for clarity; also added a paragraph contrasting our work w/ previous CR expts. in 2D Si and GaAs
Orthocentrus orbitator AUBERT 1963
Creators: name: Riedel
name: Pénigot
name: Schwarz
name: Diller
name: Johansson
name: Japoshvili, G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Ichneumonidae
Orthocentrus
Orthocentrus orbitator

description: Orthocentrus orbitator AUBERT, 1963
M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: Trap 15: 1♀ 14-28.vii., 1♀ 20.viii.-22.ix.
D i s t r i b u t i o n: Western Palaearctic, new record for Georgia and the Caucasus region.
description: Published as part of Riedel, Pénigot, Schwarz, Diller, Johansson & Japoshvili, G., 2023, Darwin wasps (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) of the Kintrishi National Park, Sakartvelo (Georgia), with descriptions of six new species, pp. 61-153 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 55 (1) on page 118, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10415120
On the implementation of flux limiters in algebraic frameworks
Creators: name: Valle, Nicolás
name: Álvarez-Farré, Xavier
name: Gorobets, Andrey
name: Castro, Jesús
name: Oliva, Assensi
name: Trias, F. Xavier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The use of flux limiters is widespread within the scientific computing community to capture shock discontinuities and are of paramount importance for the temporal integration of high-speed aerodynamics, multiphase flows, and hyperbolic equations in general. Meanwhile, the breakthrough of new computing architectures and the hybridization of supercomputer systems pose a huge portability challenge, particularly for legacy codes, since the computing subroutines that form the algorithms, the so-called kernels, must be adapted to various complex parallel programming paradigms. From this perspective, the development of innovative implementations relying on a minimalist set of kernels simplifies the deployment of scientific computing software on state-of-the-art supercomputers, while it requires the reformulation of algorithms, such as the aforementioned flux limiters. Equipped with basic algebraic topology and graph theory underlying the classical mesh concept, a new flux limiter formulation is presented based on the adoption of algebraic data structures and kernels. As a result, traditional flux limiters are cast into a stream of only two types of computing kernels: sparse matrix-vector multiplication and generalized pointwise binary operators. The newly proposed formulation eases the deployment of such a numerical technique in massively parallel, potentially hybrid, computing systems and is demonstrated for a canonical advection problem.
How to Add a Noninteger Number of Terms: From Axioms to New Identities
Creators: name: Mueller, Markus
name: Schleicher, Dierk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 33-99, 40-99, 40A25, 41A05

description: Starting from a small number of well-motivated axioms, we derive a unique definition of sums with a noninteger number of addends. These "fractional sums" have properties that generalize well-known classical sum identities in a natural way. We illustrate how fractional sums can be used to derive infinite sum and special functions identities; the corresponding proofs turn out to be particularly simple and intuitive.
description: 19+ pages, 2 figures
Geometry effects on dust attenuation curves with different grain sources at high redshift
Creators: name: Lin, Yen-Hsing
name: Hirashita, Hiroyuki
name: Camps, Peter
name: Baes, Maarten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dust has been detected in high-redshift ($z>5$) galaxies but its origin is still being debated. Dust production in high-redshift galaxies could be dominated by stellar production or by accretion (dust growth) in the interstellar medium. Previous studies have shown that these two dust sources predict different grain size distributions, which lead to significantly different extinction curves. In this paper, we investigate how the difference in the extinction curves affects the dust attenuation properties of galaxies by performing radiative transfer calculations. To examine the major effects of the dust--stars distribution geometry, we adopt two representative cases in spherical symmetry: the well-mixed geometry (stars and dust are homogeneously mixed) and the two-layer geometry (young stars are more concentrated in the centre). In both cases, we confirm that the attenuation curve can be drastically steepened by scattering and by different optical depths between young and old stellar populations, and can be flattened by the existence of unobscured stellar populations. We can reproduce similar attenuation curves even with very different extinction curves. Thus, we conclude that it is difficult to distinguish the dust sources only with attenuation curves. However, if we include information on dust emission and plot the IRX (infrared excess)--$β$ (ultraviolet spectral slope) relation, different dust sources predict different positions in the IRX--$β$ diagram. A larger $β$ is preferred under a similar IRX if dust growth is the dominant dust source.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Spatial distribution of luminous X-ray binaries in spiral galaxies
Creators: name: Zuo, Zhao-yu
name: Li, Xiang-dong
name: Liu, Xi-wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have modelled the spatial distribution of luminous X-ray binaries (XRBs) in spiral galaxies that are like the Milky Way using an evolutionary population synthesis code. In agreement with previous theoretical expectations and observations, we find that both high- and low-mass XRBs show clear concentrations towards the galactic plane and bulge.We also compare XRB distributions under the galactic potential with a dark matter halo and the modified Newtonian dynamics potential, and we suggest that the difference may serve as potential evidence to discriminate between these two types of model.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures
Semi-direct Galois covers of the affine line
Creators: name: Gruendken, Linda
name: Hall-Seelig, Laura
name: Im, Bo-Hae
name: Ozman, Ekin
name: Pries, Rachel
name: Stevenson, Katherine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $k$ be an algebraically closed field of characteristic $p>0$. Let $G$ be $Z/\ell Z$ semi-direct product $Z/pZ$ where $\ell$ is a prime distinct from $p$. In this paper, we study Galois covers $ψ:Z \to P^1_k$ ramified only over $\infty$ with Galois group $G$. We find the minimal genus of a curve $Z$ that admits such a cover and show that it depends only on $\ell$, $p$, and the order $a$ of $\ell$ modulo $p$. We also prove that the number of curves $Z$ of this minimal genus which admit such a cover is at most $(p-1)/a$.
description: minor changes in the context
Quantum measurement problem and cluster separability
Creators: name: Hajicek, Petr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A modified Beltrametti-Cassinelli-Lahti model of measurement apparatus that satisfies both the probability reproducibility condition and the objectification requirement is constructed. Only measurements on microsystems are considered. The cluster separability forms a basis for the first working hypothesis: the current version of quantum mechanics leaves open what happens to systems when they change their separation status. New rules that close this gap can therefore be added without disturbing the logic of quantum mechanics. The second working hypothesis is that registration apparatuses for microsystems must contain detectors and that their readings are signals from detectors. This implies that separation status of a microsystem changes during both preparation and registration. A new rule that specifies what happens at these changes and that guarantees the objectification is formulated and discussed. A part of our result has certain similarity with 'collapse of the wave function'.
description: 31 pages, no figure. Published version
The implementation of chem study in British Columbia secondary schools : a survey
Creators: name: Nasr, Gamal El-Din Ibrahim
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The CHEM Study program was adopted with minor modifications in 1966 in British Columbia senior secondary schools. The present study aimed at investigating the status of CHEM Study in British Columbia schools in 1976/77, including teaching practices and problems encountered with the implementation of the CHEM Study program. A questionnaire was developed and distributed to the chemistry teachers; two hundred and thirty one teachers returned it. It is estimated that 88% of all chemistry teachers in British Columbia participated in this study. The analysis of the data shows mainly that the CHEM Study program was not generally implemented according to the methodology outlined by its designers, and that the CHEM Study materials were subjected to various modifications and adaptations.
The gaseous natal environments of GPS and CSS sources with ASKAP -- FLASH
Creators: name: Allison, James R.
name: Sadler, Elaine M.
name: Mahony, Elizabeth K.
name: Moss, Vanessa A.
name: Yoon, Hyein
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: GPS and CSS sources are thought to represent a young and/or confined sub-population of radio-loud active galactic nuclei (AGN) that are yet to evacuate their surrounding ambient interstellar gas. By studying the gaseous environments of these objects we can gain an insight into the inter-dependent relationship between galaxies and their supermassive black holes (SMBHs). The First Large Absorption Survey in HI (FLASH) will build a census of the neutral atomic hydrogen (HI) gas in galaxies at intermediate cosmological redshifts. FLASH is expected to detect at least several hundred HI absorbers associated with GPS and CSS sources. These absorbers provide an important probe of the abundance and kinematics of line-of-sight neutral gas towards radio AGN, in some cases revealing gas associated with infalling clouds and outflows. Observations are now complete for the first phase of the FLASH Pilot Survey and early analysis has already yielded several detections, including the GPS source PKS2311$-$477. Optical imaging of this galaxy reveals an interacting system that could have supplied the neutral gas seen in absorption and triggered the radio-loud AGN. FLASH will provide a statistically significant sample with which the prevalence of such gas-rich interactions amongst compact radio galaxies can be investigated.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, to appear in proceedings of "The 6th Workshop on CSS and GPS radio sources"
Coarse graining, fractional moments and the critical slope of random copolymers
Creators: name: Toninelli, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: For a much-studied model of random copolymer at a selective interface we prove that the slope of the critical curve in the weak-disorder limit is strictly smaller than 1, which is the value given by the annealed inequality. The proof is based on a coarse-graining procedure, combined with upper bounds on the fractional moments of the partition function.
description: 15 pages, 1 figure
Asteroseismology of evolved stars to constrain the internal transport of angular momentum. IV. Internal rotation of Kepler 56 from an MCMC analysis of the rotational splittings
Creators: name: Fellay, L.
name: Buldgen, G.
name: Eggenberger, P.
name: Khan, S.
name: Salmon, S. J. A. J.
name: Miglio, A.
name: Montalbán, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The observations of global stellar oscillations of post main-sequence stars by space-based photometry missions allowed to directly determine their internal rotation. These constraints have pointed towards the existence of angular momentum transport processes unaccounted for in theoretical models. Constraining the properties of their internal rotation thus appears as the golden path to determine the physical nature of these missing dynamical processes. We wish to determine the robustness of a new approach to study the internal rotation of post main-sequence stars, using parametric rotation profiles coupled to a global optimization technique. We test our methodology on Kepler 56, a red giant observed by the Kepler mission. First, we carry out an extensive modelling of the star using global and local minimizations techniques, and seismic inversions. Then, using our best model, we study in details its internal rotation profile, we adopted a Bayesian approach to constrain stellar parametric predetermined rotation profiles using a Monte Carlo Markov Chain analysis of the rotational splittings of mixed modes. Our Monte Carlo Markov Chain analysis of the rotational splittings allows to determine the core and envelope rotation of Kepler 56 as well as give hints about the location of the transition between the slowly rotating envelope and the fast rotating core. We are able to discard a rigid rotation profile in the radiative regions followed by a power-law in the convective zone and show that the data favours a transition located in the radiative region, as predicted by processes originating from a turbulent nature. Our analysis of Kepler 56 indicates that turbulent processes whose transport efficiency is reduced by chemical gradients are favoured, while large scale fossil magnetic fields are disfavoured as a solution to the missing angular momentum transport.
description: accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics
The exotic conformal Galilei algebra and nonlinear partial differential equations
Creators: name: Cherniha, Roman
name: Henkel, Malte
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The conformal Galilei algebra (CGA) and the exotic conformal Galilei algebra (ECGA) are applied to construct partial differential equations (PDEs) and systems of PDEs, which admit these algebras. We show that there are no single second-order PDEs invariant under the CGA but systems of PDEs can admit this algebra. Moreover, a wide class of nonlinear PDEs exists, which are conditionally invariant under CGA. It is further shown that there are systems of non-linear PDEs admitting ECGA with the realisation obtained very recently in [D. Martelli and Y. Tachikawa, arXiv:0903.5184v2 [hep-th] (2009)]. Moreover, wide classes of non-linear systems, invariant under two different 10-dimensional subalgebras of ECGA are explicitly constructed and an example with possible physical interpretation is presented.
description: Latex2e, 18 pages, no figures; final version, J. Math. Anal. Appl. at press
Magnetic properties of dense holographic QCD
Creators: name: Bergman, Oren
name: Lifschytz, Gilad
name: Lippert, Matthew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the Sakai-Sugimoto model at nonzero baryon chemical potential in a background magnetic field both in the confined phase and in the deconfined phase with restored chiral symmetry. In this case the 8-brane Chern-Simons term becomes important. In the confined phase it generates a gradient of the pseudo-scalar "pion", which carries a non-vanishing baryon charge. Above a critical value of the chemical potential there is a second order phase transition to a mixed phase which includes also ordinary baryonic matter. However, at fixed baryon charge density the matter is purely "pion"-gradient above a critical magnetic field. In the deconfined chiral-symmetric phase at nonzero chemical potential the magnetic field induces an axial current. We also compute the magnetization of the baryonic matter and find that it is paramagnetic in all three phases but with nonlinear behavior at large magnetic field.
description: 20 pages, 19 figures; v2 figure and reference added; v3 corrected treatment of boundary terms in CS action leading to small quantitative adjustments; v4 explanation of boundary terms improved, to appear in PRD
The charge conjugation quantum number in multiquark systems
Creators: name: Stancu, Fl.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the charge conjugation quantum number for tetraquarks or meson-meson molecules, seen as possible interpretations of the newly found $XYZ$ charmonium-like resonances.
description: 7 pages, 1 figure, based on a talk given at the Joint Meeting Heidelberg-Liege-Paris-Wroclaw (HLPW08): Three Days of Strong Interactions and Astrophysics, Spa, March 6-8, 2008, Eqs. (18)-(25) corrected, text slightly polished, conclusions unchanged
Derivation of the Redfield quantum master equation and corrections to it by the Bogoliubov method
Creators: name: Trushechkin, Anton
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Following the ideas N. N. Bogoliubov used to derive the classical and quantum nonlinear kinetic equations, we give an alternative derivation of the Redfield quantum linear master equation, which is widely used in the theory of open quantum systems, as well as higher-order corrections to it. This derivation naturally considers initially correlated system-reservoir states arising from the previous system-reservoir dynamics. It turns out that the Redfield equation does not require any modifications in this case. The expressions of higher-order corrections are simpler than those obtained by other methods.
description: 16 pages; new references and comments in comparison with the journal version
Representation of P cycle in Joint UK Land Environment Simulator
Creators: name: Mahdi (Andre) Nakhavali
name: Mercado, Lina
name: Hartley, Iain P.
name: Sitch, Stephen
name: Cunha, Fernanda V
name: Di Ponzio, Raffaello
name: Laynara F. Lugli
name: Quesada, Carlos A.
name: Andersen, Kelly M.
name: Chadburn, Sarah E.
name: Wiltshire, Andy J.
name: Clark, Douglas B.
name: A. Araujo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: Most Land Surface Models (LSMs), the land components of Earth system models (ESMs), include representation of N limitation on ecosystem productivity. However only few of these models have incorporated phosphorus (P) cycling. In tropical ecosystems, this is likely to be particularly important as N tends to be abundant but the availability of rock-derived elements, such as P, can be very low. Thus, without a representation of P cycling, the responses of tropical forest in areas such as Amazonia to rising atmospheric CO2 conditions remains highly uncertain. In this study, we introduced P dynamics and its interactions with the N and carbon (C) cycles into the Joint UK Land Environment Simulator (JULES). The new model (JULES-CNP) includes the representation of P stocks in vegetation and soil pools, as well as key processes controlling fluxes between these pools. We evaluate JULES-CNP at the Amazon nutrient fertilization experiment (AFEX), a low fertility site, representative of about 60% of Amazon soils. We apply the model under ambient CO2 and elevated CO2. The model is able to reproduce the observed plant and soil P pools and fluxes under ambient CO2. We estimate P to limit net primary productivity (NPP) by 24% under current CO2 and by 46% under elevated CO2. Under elevated CO2, biomass in simulations accounting for CNP is 5% lower compared CN and C-only simulations. Our results highlight the potential for high P limitation and therefore lower CO2 fertilization capacity in the Amazon forest under low fertility soils.
description: R scripts for plots and tables
Near-horizon analysis of D=5 BPS black holes and rings
Creators: name: de Wit, Bernard
name: Katmadas, Stefanos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A comprehensive analysis is presented based exclusively on near-horizon data to determine the attractor equations and the entropy of BPS black holes and rings in five space-time dimensions, for a Lagrangian invariant under eight supersymmetries with higher-derivative couplings. For spinning black holes the results only partially agree with the results of previous work, where often additional input was used beyond the near-horizon behaviour. A number of discrepancies remains, for example, pertaining to small black holes and to large spinning black holes, which are related to the presence of the higher-derivative couplings. Arguments are presented to explain some of them. For the black rings, the analysis is intricate due to the presence of Chern-Simons terms and due to the fact that the gauge fields are not globally defined. The contributions from the higher-derivative couplings take a systematic form in line with expectations based on a variety of arguments.
description: 52 pages, 2 figures, PDFLaTeX, v2: typos corrected, version to appear in JHEP