cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Study on Determinants Influencing Driving Through EEG Technology
Creators: name: North American Academic Research
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Driving safety is an important factor in avoiding traffic accidents, and a driver's physiological and psychological states play an important role while driving.  This article, which uses electroencephalography (EEG) technology, examines the EEG signal characteristics under various driving conditions and the relationship between driving performance and influencing factors such as drunk driving, mental fatigue, physical fatigue, and emotional fluctua-tions. This study identifies key EEG indicators, to quantify the driver's state and reveal their relationship with driving performance, providing a scientific basis for real-time driver state monitoring. The findings validate the rationality of current traffic regulations on drunk driving while highlighting the potential risks of physical fatigue and emotional fluctuations, addressing gaps in existing regulations. Overall, this article uses EEG technology to investigate the neural mechanisms underlying dangerous driving states, as well as to provide new quantitative methods and theoretical support for driver state monitoring.  Future research will concentrate on improving EEG monitoring devices, integrating multimodal data, and developing real-time driving safety monitoring systems to improve overall road traffic safety
Helen Gardner
Creators: name: Schumacher, Dorin Gardner
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Women in the motion picture industry
Motion pictures
Silent films

description: Helen Gardner’s silent film career peaked three times. The first peak came in 1911 with her performance as Becky Sharp in Vanity Fair (1911), important as an early three-reel film, forerunner of four-reel and longer feature films. A review in the Moving Picture World praised the Vitagraph Company of America for the film’s wonderful fidelity to Thackeray’s novel. The reviewer was thrilled with Gardner’s performance: “We might ramble on for hours in ecstasies over the superb work of Miss Gardner and at the end of that time have given but a faint idea of what we saw her do” (887). When Vanity Fair was released, in December of 1911, Gardner had been with Vitagraph about a year and a half.
Imagined fears : from mass terror to authoritarian legality, and the future of liberal reform
Creators: name: Diab, Robert
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: In the decade after 9/11, a series of extraordinary counter-terror measures have come to be entrenched in law and policy in Canada and the United States. These include indefinite detention without charge, expanded state secrecy and surveillance, and (in the US) targeted killing. This thesis examines policy debates, jurisprudence, and public opinion relating to these measures with a view to advancing three claims. First, by virtue of a common political insistence that such measures were legal, and a broad acceptance of such on the part of the judiciary and the public, the measures can be understood collectively as marking a shift in the cultural currency of liberal legality to what can be called authoritarian legality. Second, the shift was made possible in part by the prevalence of a “catastrophic imagination.” This was a belief that an attack was likely to occur in the near future involving weapons of mass destruction or casualties on the order of 9/11 or greater, and that to defend against this, states were justified in embracing a larger preemptive turn in law and security. Third, in the process of defending liberal legality, rights advocates, scholars, and jurists have tended to either defer to or ignore claims about the imminence of mass terror, when a more effective case for reform might have been made by challenging those beliefs directly. The final part of this thesis offers a model for advocating reform of extraordinary measures that is premised on showing (a) why an attack involving WMD is not in fact imminent or probable; and (b) why future attacks in North America are likely to be no more serious or frequent than previous attacks (Oklahoma, Air India), which were capable of being addressed effectively through the criminal law and liberal legal principles. The conclusion addresses potential obstacles to the use of this model as a basis for reform advocacy, including the claim that concerns other than a fear of mass terror (e.g., racism, xenophobia, broader fears of violent crime) are the true basis of public support for authoritarian measures.
Quantification of Myocardial Perfusion in Human Subjects Using 82Rb and Wavelet-Based Noise Reduction
Creators: name: Lin, Jou-Wei
name: Sciacca, Robert R.
name: Chou, Ru-Ling
name: Laine, Andrew F.
name: Bergmann, Steven R.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2001
Subjects: Medicine
Biomedical engineering

description: Quantification of myocardial perfusion with 82Rb has been difficult to achieve because of the low signal-to-noise ratio of the dynamic data curves. This study evaluated the accuracy of flow estimates after the application of a novel multidimensional wavelet-based noise-reduction protocol. Methods: Myocardial perfusion was estimated using 82Rb and a two-compartment model from dynamic PET scans on 11 healthy volunteers at rest and after hyperemic stress with dipyridamole. Midventricular planes were divided into eight regions of interest, and a wavelet transform protocol was applied to images and time–activity curves. Flow estimates without and with the wavelet approach were compared with those obtained using H215O. Results: Over a wide flow range (0.45–2.75 mL/g/min), flow achieved with the wavelet approach correlated extremely closely with values obtained with H215O (y = 1.03 x -0.12; n = 23 studies, r = 0.94, P < 0.001). If the wavelet noise-reduction technique was not used, the correlation was less strong (y = 1.11 x + 0.24; n = 23 studies, r = 0.79, P < 0.001). In addition, the wavelet approach reduced the regional variation from 75% to 12% and from 62% to 11% (P < 0.001 for each comparison) for resting and stress studies, respectively. Conclusion: The use of a wavelet protocol allows near-optimal noise reduction, markedly enhances the physiologic flow signal within the PET images, and enables accurate measurement of myocardial perfusion with 82Rb in human subjects over a wide range of flows.
Acteocina lata Valdés 2008, n. sp.
Creators: name: Valdés, Ángel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Gastropoda
Cephalaspidea
Tornatinidae
Acteocina
Acteocina lata

description: Acteocina lata n. sp. Figs 59G, 61 TYPE MATERIAL. — Holotype MNHN 20350 and paratype MNHN 20351. TYPE LOCALITY. — Vanuatu, 19°23’S, 169°35’E, 1040-1050 m [MUSORSTOM 8: stn DW 987]. MATERIAL EXAMINED. — Vanuatu. MUSORSTOM 8: stn DW 987, 19°23’S, 169°35’E, 1040-1050 m, 2 dd, holotype and paratype. DISTRIBUTION. — Known only from Vanuatu (Fig. 61), in 1040-1050 m. DESCRIPTION. — Shell morphology. Length 10 mm, width 5 mm (largest specimen examined). Shell solid, oval, with convex sides (Fig. 59G). Body whorl very large; spire short, conical, with 4 whorls. Suture deeply canaliculate. Protoconch eroded in all specimens examined. Umbilicus closed. Aperture very long, about 5/6 of the shell length, wider anteriorly and narrower posteriorly. Columellar margin slightly thickened, oblique, with no callus. No sculpture. Colour translucent whitish. Anatomy. Unknown. All shells collected lacked soft parts. REMARKS. — Acteocina lata differs from other Indo-Pacific species of the genus in its wide, oval shell with a short, conical spire. ETYMOLOGY. — From the Latin lata (broad), in reference to the oval shape of this species.
description: Published as part of Valdés, Ángel, 2008, Deep-sea " cephalaspidean " heterobranchs (Gastropoda) from the tropical southwest Pacific, pp. 587-792 in Mémoires du Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle 196 on pages 710-711
One-loop SYM-supergravity relation for five-point amplitudes
Creators: name: Naculich, Stephen G.
name: Schnitzer, Howard J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive a linear relation between the one-loop five-point amplitude of N=8 supergravity and the one-loop five-point subleading-color amplitudes of N=4 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory.
description: 17 pages, 2 figures; v2: very minor corrections
Frances Baker Farrell, Lettice Ramsey, and Máirín Hayes
Creators: name: Casella, Donna
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Women in the motion picture industry
Motion pictures
Silent films

description: Indigenous Irish cinema of the silent period (1916-1935) consisted of two waves, 1916-1926 and 1930-1935. Each wave drew filmmakers from both the theatrical and private sectors, with Irish theatre shaping cinematic content and style. The Abbey Theatre artists contributed to the theatrical, highly-charged nationalist films of the first wave, while the Gate Theatre artists strove to experiment in both style and content in the second wave. Formed by Micheál MácLiammóir and Hilton Edwards as an alternative to the Abbey in 1929, the Gate focused on more “modern and progressive plays unfettered by theatrical convention,” according to writer and theatregoer Joseph Holloway (39). This artistic vision carried over into Ireland’s last two silent films of the 1930s, Some Say Chance (1934) and Guests of the Nation (1935), both of which showcased the work of women pioneers. Siblings Frances Baker Farrell and Lettice Ramsey designed the indoor sets and scouted outdoor locations for Some Say Chance, which featured Gate actor Máirín Hayes in a small role. Baker Farrell’s husband, Irish novelist Michael Farrell, wrote, directed, and produced Some Say Chance and served as a cameraman on Guests of the Nation. Hayes edited the latter film with director and Gate playwright Denis Johnston. According to scholars, these three women worked on films that offered a contemporary, more realistic, and less nationalist image of Ireland than the pre-1930 films.
Not Too Young to Run? Age requirements and young people in elected office
Creators: name: Krook, Mona Lena
name: Nugent, Mary K.
Publisher: name: Intergenerational Justice Review
Year: 2018
Subjects: Youth; Young people; Politics; Parliament; Nigeria

description: Promoting youth representation in parliaments is a growing global priority. To promote youth leadership and more inclusive politics, youth organizations in Nigeria mobilized successfully for a constitutional reform to lower the eligibility age to run for political office. In this paper, we draw on global data to assess whether lower eligibility ages will in fact lead to higher levels of youth participation. We find that lower age requirements positively affect the representation of the youngest and next youngest cohorts in parliament. We draw on qualitative interviews and gender literature to theorize that lower age limits have immediate and longer-term “mobilizing effects”, shifting the calculations of potential candidates in terms of the age at which they first decide to run for office.
description: Intergenerational Justice Review, Vol 4, No 2 (2018): How attractive are political parties and trade unions to young people? (Part I)
Ligand and modulator binding in the skeletal muscle ryanodine receptor
Creators: name: Lobo, Paolo Antonio
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2013

description: Calcium (Ca²⁺) is required in the cytoplasm as a potent second messenger for a variety of vital physiological events in the cell. Its supply to the cytoplasm can either be from extracellular sources, or from intracellular sarcoplasmic reticulum stores, predominantly through the ryanodine receptors (RyRs). The latter are large, ~2 MDa homotetrameric channels that sense initial Ca²⁺ blips due to voltage-­‐gated calcium channel influx and respond by opening to result in physiologically significant concentration spikes. This action is known as calcium induced calcium release and is the major process by which an excitation signal is translated to a physical, muscular contraction. Cytoplasmic Ca²⁺ concentrations have to be very well regulated and must return to resting levels for subsequent contractions to occur. The importance of this with regard to the RyR can be seen in two different ways: Firstly, its large cytoplasmic bulk, a huge docking site for modulators, emphasizes the necessity for regulation, and secondly, mutations in the RyR can cause severe genetic diseases as a result of Ca²⁺ mishandling. Presented here, are preliminary structural and binding studies for several different RyR regulators, both physiological and pharmacological. Skeletal muscle RyR (RyR1) 1-­‐617 that contains the drug dantrolene’s supposed binding site was crystallized and its structure determined. Isothermal Titration Calorimetry (ITC) and co-­‐crystallization attempts have not confirmed the binding of dantrolene. The structure does however shed light on the physical involvement of phosphatases as modulators of the channel. Caffeine binding was detected successfully by ITC and attributed to RyR1 217-­‐ 536. A co-­‐crystal structure yielded a binding site in the construct that could not be knocked out by site-­‐directed mutagenesis according to ITC. Three types of modulators were shown to bind RyR1 4071-­‐4128 by ITC. 1) Ca²⁺, which affects the channel both positively and negatively, 2) magnesium ions, which inhibit the channel, and 3) an intrinsic ligand in RyR1: residues 4295-­‐4325; a peptide that shows affinity for Calmodulin, yet another modulator of RyR. The results provide insight into allosteric reactions as a result of RyR ligand or modulator binding.
Combined MR Data Acquisition of Multicontrast Images Using Variable Acquisition Parameters and K-Space Data Sharing
Creators: name: Mekle, Ralf
name: Laine, Andrew F.
name: Wu, Ed X.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2003
Subjects: Medicine
Biomedical engineering

description: A new technique to reduce clinical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan time by varying acquisition parameters and sharing k-space data between images, is proposed. To improve data utilization, acquisition of multiple images of different contrast is combined into a single scan, with variable acquisition parameters including repetition time (TR), echo time (TE), and echo train length (ETL). This approach is thus referred to as a "combo acquisition." As a proof of concept, simulations of MRI experiments using spin echo (SE) and fast SE (FSE) sequences were performed based on Bloch equations. Predicted scan time reductions of 25%-50% were achieved for 2-contrast and 3-contrast combo acquisitions. Artifacts caused by nonuniform k-space data weighting were suppressed through semi-empirical optimization of parameter variation schemes and the phase encoding order. Optimization was assessed by minimizing three quantitative criteria: energy of the "residue point spread function (PSF)," energy of "residue profiles" across sharp tissue boundaries, and energy of "residue images." In addition, results were further evaluated by quantitatively analyzing the preservation of contrast, the PSF, and the signal-to-noise ratio. Finally, conspicuity of lesions was investigated for combo acquisitions in comparison with standard scans. Implications and challenges for the practical use of combo acquisitions are discussed.
Characterization of Dwarf Novae Using SDSS Colors
Creators: name: Kato, Taichi
name: Maehara, Hiroyuki
name: Uemura, Makoto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have developed a method for estimating the orbital periods of dwarf novae from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) colors in quiescence using an artificial neural network. For typical objects below the period gap with sufficient photometric accuracy, we were able to estimate the orbital periods with an accuracy to a 1 sigma error of 22 %. The error of estimation is worse for systems with longer orbital periods. We have also developed a neural-network-based method for categorical classification. This method has proven to be efficient in classifying objects into three categories (WZ Sge type, SU UMa type and SS Cyg/Z Cam type) and works for very faint objects to a limit of g=21. Using this method, we have investigated the distribution of the orbital periods of dwarf novae from a modern transient survey (Catalina Real-Time Survey). Using Bayesian analysis developed by Uemura et al. (2010, arXiv:1003.0945), we have found that the present sample tends to give a flatter distribution toward the shortest period and a shorter estimate of the period minimum, which may have resulted from the uncertainties in the neural network analysis and photometric errors. We also provide estimated orbital periods, estimated classifications and supplementary information on known dwarf novae with quiescent SDSS photometry.
description: 70 pages, 7 figures, Accepted for publication in PASJ, minor corrections
Additional file 4 of The efficacy and safety of the addition of poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitors to therapy for ovarian cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Yang, Yingzhu
name: Du, Nannan
name: Xie, Laidi
name: Jiang, Jing
name: Mo, Jiahang
name: Hong, Jiaze
name: Mao, Danyi
name: Ng, Derry Minyao
name: Shi, Huiwei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 4: Supplementary Table 1. Characteristics of included clinical trials in the meta-analysis.
Is there a sound democratic case for raising the membership of young people in political parties and trade unions through descriptive representation?
Creators: name: Tozer, Thomas
Publisher: name: Intergenerational Justice Review
Year: 2018
Subjects: Democracy; Descriptive representation; Substantive equality; Political parties; Trade unions

description: Young people are seriously under-represented in both political parties and trade unions. I argue that a dependent conception of democracy interested in substantive equality, not merely formal equality, would support addressing this problem through descriptive representation. The essay begins by considering the requirements of democracy, and whether these can support a case for descriptive representation. Although descriptive representation entails democratic costs, there is a contingent case for group representation that is consistent with the aims of democracy. Young people, moreover, satisfy this case in terms of membership of political parties – but less so in the case of trade unions. Finally, the essay considers practical methods for improving young people’s representation in these.
description: Intergenerational Justice Review, Vol 4, No 2 (2018): How attractive are political parties and trade unions to young people? (Part I)
Optimal obstacle placement with disambiguations
Creators: name: Aksakalli, Vural
name: Ceyhan, Elvan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We introduce the optimal obstacle placement with disambiguations problem wherein the goal is to place true obstacles in an environment cluttered with false obstacles so as to maximize the total traversal length of a navigating agent (NAVA). Prior to the traversal, the NAVA is given location information and probabilistic estimates of each disk-shaped hindrance (hereinafter referred to as disk) being a true obstacle. The NAVA can disambiguate a disk's status only when situated on its boundary. There exists an obstacle placing agent (OPA) that locates obstacles prior to the NAVA's traversal. The goal of the OPA is to place true obstacles in between the clutter in such a way that the NAVA's traversal length is maximized in a game-theoretic sense. We assume the OPA knows the clutter spatial distribution type, but not the exact locations of clutter disks. We analyze the traversal length using repeated measures analysis of variance for various obstacle number, obstacle placing scheme and clutter spatial distribution type combinations in order to identify the optimal combination. Our results indicate that as the clutter becomes more regular (clustered), the NAVA's traversal length gets longer (shorter). On the other hand, the traversal length tends to follow a concave-down trend as the number of obstacles increases. We also provide a case study on a real-world maritime minefield data set.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/12-AOAS556 the Annals of Applied Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aoas/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Dot Farley
Creators: name: Miller, April
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Women in the motion picture industry
Motion pictures
Silent films

description: While Dot (Dorothy) Farley is most often identified as a comedic actress, she also seems to have written and directed films. Anthony Slide notes that Farley asserted in a 1923 Illustrated World article that she both wrote and directed dramas and comedies. He thinks that she may not have worked as a director for Mack Sennett’s Keystone Company. She may have directed and written shorts for another company in the first two decades (Slide 1996, 121). Born in Chicago, Illinois, Dot Farley began her acting career at the age of three, and was reportedly featured in a number of stage productions including an E. A. MacDowell Company production of “Wedding Bells,” appearing as “Chicago’s Little Dot” (Waddell III4). A Los Angeles Times 1924 career overview tells us that she continued to work with a Chicago comic-opera company until her voice failed in 1910, at which time she accepted an offer to star in comedy shorts for the Essanay Company (B26).
"Planck-scale physics" of vacuum in a strong magnetic field
Creators: name: Smolyaninov, Igor I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is widely believed that Lorentz symmetry of physical vacuum is broken near the Planck scale. Here we show that recently demonstrated "hyperbolic metamaterial" behaviour of vacuum in a strong magnetic field provides us with an interesting analogy of the Planck-scale physics. As demonstrated by Chernodub, strong magnetic field forces vacuum to develop real condensates of electrically charged ρmesons, which form an anisotropic inhomogeneous superconducting state similar to Abrikosov vortex lattice. As far as electromagnetic field behaviour is concerned, this hyperbolic metamaterial state of vacuum exhibits effective 3D Lorentz symmetry, which is broken at small scale (large momenta) due to spatial dispersion. Thus, an effective Lorentz symmetry-violating "Planck scale" may be introduced. Near the critical magnetic field this effective "Planck scale" is much larger than the metamaterial periodicity defined by the ρmeson lattice. Similar to regular hyperbolic metamaterials, spatial dispersion of vacuum in a strong magnetic field leads to appearance of the "additional wave", which manifests itself as a "heavy" extraordinary photon with an effective mass ~2GeV.
description: 14 pages, 2 figures, this version is accepted for publication in Phys.Rev.D
Marie Louise Gagner
Creators: name: Olsson, Jan
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Women in the motion picture industry
Motion pictures
Silent films

description: Born in Karlskrona in 1868, Marie Louise Gagner was raised in Helsingborg, and died in Stockholm in 1933. She received her diploma from the Teachers College in Stockholm in 1893 and was thus eligible for teaching at upper-level girl schools as well as in co-educational programs. Hired in 1895 at the Teachers Seminar for Normal Schools in Stockholm, she was first an adjunct with tenure and in 1919 she was promoted to the rank of lecturer. Gagner formally retired in 1928. Her life’s work was dedicated to pedagogy and children’s developments and experiences in relation to language acquisition, literature, and popular culture. She was very actively involved in didactic initiatives and a member of many pedagogic bodies. Gagner’s outlooks regarding culture and educational matters were framed by her Christian faith with a feminist slant and its challenges in the face of modernity and modernism.
Flora Finch
Creators: name: Miller, April
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Women in the motion picture industry
Motion pictures
Silent films

description: Flora Finch, like many actresses from the period, tried to capitalize on her fame by starting her own self-titled film production company. Although Flora Finch’s name, as well as her thin, angular face and body, is commonly linked with that of comedian John Bunny, she enjoyed a long and distinguished acting career in her own right, one that went beyond her “skinny” role in the “fatty and skinny” film comedy team of Bunny-and-Finch.
The coarse geometry of the Kakimizu complex
Creators: name: Johnson, Jesse
name: Pelayo, Roberto
name: Wilson, Robin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57M

description: We show that the Kakimizu complex of minimal genus Seifert surfaces for a knot in the 3-sphere is quasi-isometric to a Euclidean integer lattice $\mathbb Z^n$ for some $n \geq 0$.
description: 12 pages. Improvements to the exposition made in version 2
Scale without Conformal Invariance: Theoretical Foundations
Creators: name: Fortin, Jean-François
name: Grinstein, Benjamín
name: Stergiou, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the theoretical underpinnings of scale without conformal invariance in quantum field theory. In light of our results the gradient-flow interpretation of renormalization-group (RG) flow is challenged, due to deep connections between scale-invariant theories and recurrent behaviors in the RG. We show that, on scale-invariant trajectories, there is a redefinition of the dilatation current that leads to generators of dilatations that generate dilatations. Finally, we develop a systematic algorithm for the search of scale-invariant trajectories in perturbation theory.
description: 18 pages. Added note to make clear that the results of arXiv:1106.2540 do not imply the existence of unitary theories with scale but without conformal invariance in perturbation theory in $d=4-\epsilon$ spacetime dimensions
Contact stress analysis of lightly compressed thin films : modeling and experimentation
Creators: name: Terrell, Elon Jahdal
name: Kabir, M. Aslam
name: Higgs, C. Fred
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mechanical engineering
subject: FOS: Mechanical engineering

description: Although a number of models have been developed to describe the contact between nominally smooth surfaces, very few of these models have been validated with experiment. Therefore, in this study, an asperity-scale experimental contact measurement was conducted and compared to the predictions of two contact models. The experimental component of this study involved a flat diamond punch tip on a nanoindenter, which was used to compress a thin film that was lithographically patterned into isolated raised squares. This experimental method was developed in order to measure the predominantly elastic load response of the surface asperities on one of the isolated raised topography islands. The experimental measurements were compared to the predicted load responses of an existing analytical contact model as well as a finite element contact model that incorporated the topography of the raised island into its formulation. The predictions of both the models were shown to have reasonable agreement with the experimental data. The modeling results were also used to provide greater depth of insight into the physics of the flat punch compression.
Additional file 2 of Characteristics of glucose and lipid metabolism and the interaction between gut microbiota and colonic mucosal immunity in pigs during cold exposure
Creators: name: Teng, Teng
name: Sun, Guodong
name: Ding, Hongwei
name: Song, Xin
name: Bai, Guangdong
name: Shi, Baoming
name: Shang, Tingting
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2: Table S2. Composition of high glucose diets.
Retusa waughiana Hedley 1899
Creators: name: Valdés, Ángel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Gastropoda
Cephalaspidea
Retusidae
Retusa
Retusa waughiana

description: Retusa waughiana Hedley, 1899 Figs 71G, H, 74 Retusa waughiana Hedley, 1899: 482-483, text fig. 44. TYPE MATERIAL. — Not examined. TYPE LOCALITY. — Lagoon Beach, Funafuti, Tuvalu, South Pacific. MATERIAL EXAMINED. — New Caledonia proper. BATHUS 1: stn DE 697, Passe de Hienghène, 20°34’S, 164°58’E, 570-650 m, 1 dd. DISTRIBUTION. — Found in the tropical Indo-Pacific, from Tuvalu to southern Japan (Hori 2000c). Single specimen herein collected from New Caledonia (Fig. 74), in 570-650 m. DESCRIPTION. — Shell morphology. Length 2 mm, width 1 mm (single specimen examined). Shell fragile, elongate, wider anteriorly and narrower posteriorly, with nearly parallel sides (Fig. 71G). Only 1 whorl visible, forming nearly the entire shell, except for the top of the spire, where 3 whorls are visible. Apex flat, not umbilicate (Fig. 71H), with the aperture lip ending at the same level. Protoconch globose, about 0.5 whorl and 150 Μm in diameter (Fig. 71H). Anterior end of the shell rounded. Aperture as long as the shell, wider anteriorly and narrowing abruptly at about 1/3 of its length. Columellar margin slightly thickened. Columella simple, with no folds. Umbilicus closed. Sculpture of a number of strong, simple spiral lines crossed by faint growth lines. Some of the growth lines are very conspicuous and separated by several thinner lines. These conspicuous lines are more marked near and on the apex, where they form a distinctive radial pattern. Colour uniformly pale brown. Anatomy. Unknown. All shells collected lacked soft parts. REMARKS. — The single specimen here examined matches the original description of Retusa waughiana by Hedley (1899) and subsequent redescription by Hori (2000c). Retusa waughiana differs from Retusa famelica Watson, 1883 by having a shorter and more cylindrical shell and a flat, non-umbilicate apex. Because the anatomy of this species is unknown, it is provisionally maintained in the genus Retusa until complete specimens become available for study.
description: Published as part of Valdés, Ángel, 2008, Deep-sea " cephalaspidean " heterobranchs (Gastropoda) from the tropical southwest Pacific, pp. 587-792 in Mémoires du Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle 196 on pages 732-733
Heavy quarkonia in a medium as a quantum dissipative system: Master-equation approach
Creators: name: Borghini, Nicolas
name: Gombeaud, Clement
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The problem of the evolution of a heavy quarkonium in a medium can be recast as that of a quantum dissipative system. Within the framework of the master-equation approach to open quantum systems, we consider the real-time dynamics of quarkonia. We find that in a plasma at fixed temperature, the populations of the various quarkonium states evolve together, while their momentum distribution satisfies a Fokker-Planck equation.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures. Version 2 matches the published version
Esther Eng
Creators: name: Wei, S. Louisa
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Women in the motion picture industry
Motion pictures
Silent films

description: In 1946, the Seattle Times described the visit of a young Chinese-American filmmaker: “Still in her teens, and with no background of such a venture, Esther went to Hollywood, rented a studio in Sunset Boulevard and made her first picture for Chinese markets here and in China” (n.p.). This may be somewhat of an exaggeration because Esther would have been in her early 20s, but her youth was still remarkable. Once called China’s first woman director by both the Chinese and American press, Esther Eng had been forgotten for twenty-five years after her death when, in the summer of 1995, Todd McCarthy, then chief film critic for Variety, came across her name in the credits of Golden Gate Girl (1941). It was a Chinese film Eng had directed in San Francisco. McCarthy provocatively claimed in the August 21-27 issue of Variety that Eng was “an Asian woman filmmaker who had utterly eluded the radar of the most diligent feminist historians and sinophiles” (10). This statement inspired veteran film critic Law Kar to research and write on Eng’s life and work, and he concludes that “[i]f Eng had worked in the film industry today, she could have easily been seen as a champion of transnational filmmaking, feminist filmmaking, or antiwar filmmaking” (313).
Transverse Shifts in Paraxial Spinoptics
Creators: name: Duval, C.
name: Horvathy, P. A.
name: Zhang, P. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The paraxial approximation of a classical spinning photon is shown to yield an "exotic particle" in the plane transverse to the propagation. The previously proposed and observed position shift between media with different refractive indices is modified when the interface is curved, and there also appears a novel, momentum [direction] shift. The laws of thin lenses are modified accordingly.
description: 3 pages, no figures. One detail clarified, some misprints corrected and references added
title: The development of novel myosin inhibitors
Creators: name: Lawson, Christopher Peter Abiodun Tevi
Publisher: name: University of St Andrews
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/02wn5qz54
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2011

description: 	This thesis describes a structure activity relationship (SAR) study on the recently discovered small molecule tool blebbistatin (S)-21 with particular emphasis on the development of novel synthetic protocols suitable for the rapid synthesis of libraries of blebbistatin analogues. These analogues are potentially of use as novel myosin inhibitors Chapter 1 introduces the concept of chemical biology with particular emphasis on chemical genetics. This approach has rekindled the search for new chemical tools for the investigation of biological systems. The success of blebbistatin (S)-21, which was identified in a chemical genetic study, as a research tool was also discussed. The link between several myosin classes and genetic diseases such as coeliac disease, Crohn’s disease, deafness, dermatitis, familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, Griscelli disease and ulcerative colitis indicate that potent inhibitors which show selectivity towards specific myosin isoforms may be of great value as tools for the study of these conditions. The plan for the SAR study around (S)-21 was outlined. Chapter 2 describes the studies undertaken to develop an efficient synthetic route to N1-alkyl analogues of (S)-21 suitable for the parallel synthesis of chemical collections. These studies culminated in the synthesis of an intermediate (S)-66 from which novel N1-alkyl analogues were synthesised. The biological evaluation of these N1-alkyl analogues was discussed. Chapter 3 describes the development of a protocol suitable for the parallel synthesis of collections of N1-aryl analogues of (S)-21 via the intermediate 66. The application of this protocol to the synthesis of a collection of racemic N1-aryl and heteroaryl analogues of (S)-21 and their biological evaluation was presented. Chapter 4 describes the successful rational design and synthesis of a novel fused thiophene ring containing inhibitor of myosin II. The structure of this compound was proposed by modelling of the existing co-crystal structure of (S)-21 bound to the metastable state of Dictyostelium discoideum myosin II (S1dC) and sought to optimise the π-π stacking interaction displayed by (S)-21 with the tyrosine 261 residue within its binding site. The biological evaluation of this novel analogue was discussed. In Chapter 5 the studies conducted to investigate the contribution of ring-C to the binding affinity of (S)-21 were described. The development of alternate routes to (S)-21, in an attempt to avoid difficulties experienced during the synthesis of some analogues of (S)-21, are described. The synthesis and biological investigation of the fluorescent dye PPBA whose binding site has been suggested to overlap with that of (S)-21 was also reported.
Retusa lenis Valdés 2008, n. sp.
Creators: name: Valdés, Ángel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Gastropoda
Cephalaspidea
Retusidae
Retusa
Retusa lenis

description: Retusa lenis n. sp. Figs 75A, B, 76 TYPE MATERIAL. — Holotype MNHN 20419 and 4 paratypes MNHN 20420-20422, 3 paratypes LACM 3003. TYPE LOCALITY. — East coast of New Caledonia, Passe de Hienghu, 20°33’S, 165°00’E, 270-282 m [BATHUS 1: stn DW 688]. MATERIAL EXAMINED. — New Caledonia proper. VAUBAN: stn ratype (MNHN 20420). — BATHUS 2: stn DW 717, Ile des Pins, 40, 22°30’S, 166°24’E, 250-350 m, 2 dd, paratypes (MNHN 20421). 22°44’S, 167°17’E, 350-393 m, 1 dd, paratype (MNHN 20422). — BATHUS 1: stn DW 688, Passe de Hienghu, 20°33’S, 165°00’E, Loyalty Ridge. MUSORSTOM 6: stn DW 442, 20°54’S, 167°17’E, 270-282 m, 2 dd, holotype (MNHN 20419; Figs 75A, B) and pa- 200 m, 2 dd, paratypes (LACM 3003). DISTRIBUTION. — Collected only from New Caledonia (Fig. 76), in 200-350 m. DESCRIPTION. — Shell morphology. Length 2 mm, width 0.8 mm (holotype). Shell fragile, elongate, wider anteriorly and narrower posteriorly, with nearly parallel sides (Fig. 75A). In some specimens, including the holotype, the left side is slightly concave. Only 1 whorl visible, forming nearly the entire shell, except for a small visible portion of the spire. Apex deeply umbilicate (Fig. 75B), with the aperture lip rising from the right side. The aperture lip forms a rounded wing connected to the columellar margin. Anterior end of the shell rounded. Aperture as long as the shell, wider anteriorly and narrowing abruptly at about 1/4 of its length. Columellar margin slightly thickened. Columella with an inconspicuous fold. Umbilicus closed. Sculpture of a number of faint, simple spiral lines crossed by growth lines. Colour uniformly whitish. Anatomy. Unknown. All shells collected lacked soft parts. REMARKS. — The shell morphology of Retusa lenis is similar to that of Retusa succinta A. Adams, 1862, redescribed by Hori (2000c). Differences between these species include the presence of grey spiral lines and the more quadrangular shape of the shell in the latter. Additionally, R. lenis has a more developed aperture lip. This species is placed in Retusa, based on the shell morphology, pending availability of complete specimens. ETYMOLOGY. — From the Latin lenis (soft, smooth), in reference to the smooth, shiny shell of this species.
description: Published as part of Valdés, Ángel, 2008, Deep-sea " cephalaspidean " heterobranchs (Gastropoda) from the tropical southwest Pacific, pp. 587-792 in Mémoires du Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle 196 on pages 736-737
description: {"references": ["ADAMS A. 1862. - On some new species of Cylichnidae, Bullidae and on the Mollusca dredged by the Blake in 1880, including descriptions of"]}
Detecting mixedness of qutrit systems using the uncertainty relation
Creators: name: Mal, S.
name: Pramanik, T.
name: Majumdar, A. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the uncertainty relation as expressed in the Robertson-Schrodinger generalized form can be used to detect the mixedness of three-level quantum systems in terms of measureable expectation values of suitably chosen observables when prior knowledge about the basis of the given state is known. In particular, we demonstrate the existence of observables for which the generalized uncertainty relation is satisfied as an equality for pure states and a strict inequality for mixed states corresponding to single as well as bipartite sytems of qutrits. Examples of such observables are found for which the magnitude of uncertainty is proportional to the linear entropy of the system, thereby providing a method for measuring mixedness.
description: 7 pages, 2 figure, Eqs.(10) and (14) are corrected, and results and conclusions are unchanged
Psychometric attributes of the DISC Predictive Scales
Creators: name: Cubo, Esther
name: Velasco, Sara Saez
name: Benito, Vanesa Delgado
name: Villaverde, Vanesa Ausin
name: , Gabriel
name: Santidrian, Asuncion Martin
name: Vicente, Jesus Macarron
name: Guevara, Jose Cordero
name: Louis, Elan D.
name: Leon, Julian Benito
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mental health
subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Introduction: This study was designed to evaluate the psychometric attributes and screening efficiency of a Spanish version of the Children Predictive Scales (DPS) against the Spanish Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children (DISC-IV). Method: This pilot cross-sectional study included 61 children aged 9 to 14 years in a mainstream school. The following psychometric attributes were analyzed: acceptability, scale assumptions, internal consistency, and precision, as well the predictive validity (AUC). Results: The scale did not show ceiling or floor effects (6.4%, 1.3%, respectively). The internal consistency was high (α±=0.92), and the standard error of measurement was adequate (SEM=1.54). The overall DPS AUC was 0.72 against DISC IV corresponding diagnosis. Conclusion: The Spanish version of the DPS-4.32 seems to be a reliable and precise tool for screening mental health disorders in a school-age population.
Timing of Initiation of Antiretroviral Drugs during Tuberculosis Therapy
Creators: name: Abdool Karim, Salim
name: Naidoo, Kogieleum
name: Grobler, Anneke C.
name: Padayatchi, Nesri
name: Baxter, Cheryl
name: Gray, Andrew L.
name: Gengiah, Tanuja N.
name: Nair, Gonasagrie
name: Bamber, Sheila
name: Singh, Aarthi
name: Khan, Munira
name: Pienaar, Jacqueline
name: El-Sadr, Wafaa Mahmoud
name: Friedland, Gerald
name: Abdool Karim, Quarraisha
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: Public health
Virology
Epidemiology

description: The rates of death are high among patients with coinfection with tuberculosis and the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The optimal timing for the initiation of antiretroviral therapy in relation to tuberculosis therapy remains controversial.
Characterization of in-line mixing of pulp fibre suspensions based on electrical resistance tomography
Creators: name: Yenjaichon, Wisarn
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: In pulp bleaching processes, pre-distribution of chemicals in suspensions ahead of tower reactors is essential to ensure efficient lignin removal and optimal use of the chemicals. In-line mixers, combined with chemical injectors, are commonly used to achieve this goal. In spite of its importance, in-line mixing of pulp suspensions is not well understood. In this thesis, liquid distribution and gas dispersion were investigated downstream of in-line mixers, including jet and mechanical mixers, to provide better understanding and guidance for mixer design and process optimization. In the present work, non-intrusive electrical resistance tomography (ERT) was used to quantify mixing based on two novel mixing indices, derived from the standard deviation of image pixel values. This technique was also implemented as a real-time mixing assessment tool in industrial pulp bleaching, with success in monitoring mixing quality as a function of process operating conditions. Liquid jet mixing was found to depend strongly on the flow regime and jet penetration. For turbulent flow, the criteria for in-line jet mixing in water apply also to suspensions. When a suspension flows as a plug, mixing differs greatly from that in water, depending on the fibre network strength in the core of the pipe. With an impeller present, mixing improved substantially, primarily in the high-shear zone around the impeller, with rapid reflocculation downstream. Gas mixing depended on the flow regime and buoyancy in a complex manner. When buoyancy was not significant, impeller operation enhanced mixing since bubbles dispersed throughout the pipe cross-section, whereas without the impeller, the bubbles congregated near the wall due to robust fibre networks in the core of the pipe. For buoyancy-dominated flow, the impeller worsened mixing since it disrupted the fibre networks and delivered gas to the top of the pipe, whereas the networks caused liquid/pulp slugs to flow at the top for a tee alone.
Temperature and magnetic field dependent longitudinal spin relaxation in nitrogen-vacancy ensembles in diamond
Creators: name: Jarmola, A.
name: Acosta, V. M.
name: Jensen, K.
name: Chemerisov, S.
name: Budker, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an experimental study of the longitudinal electron-spin relaxation time (T1) of negatively charged nitrogen-vacancy (NV) ensembles in diamond. T1 was studied as a function of temperature from 5 to 475 K and magnetic field from 0 to 630 G for several samples with various NV and nitrogen concentrations. Our studies reveal three processes responsible for T1 relaxation. Above room temperature, a two-phonon Raman process dominates, and below, we observe an Orbach-type process with an activation energy, 73(4) meV, which closely matches the local vibrational modes of the NV center. At yet lower temperatures, sample dependent cross relaxation processes dominate, resulting in temperature independent values of T1, from ms to minutes. The value of T1 in this limit depends sensitively on magnetic field and can be tuned by more than an order of magnitude.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, and 3 pages of supplemental material with additional figures