title: Ð¡Ð½Ð¸Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ Ð²Ð½Ð¾ÑÐ¸Ð¼ÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÐµÑÑ Ð² ÑÐ¸Ð»ÑÑÑÐ°Ñ Ð½Ð° Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð²Ðµ ÑÑÐ°Ð½ÑÐºÐ¾Ð½Ð´ÑÐºÑÐ¸Ð²Ð½ÑÑ ÑÑÐ¸Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÐ»ÐµÐ¹
title: Ð²ÑÐ¿ÑÑÐºÐ½Ð°Ñ ÐºÐ²Ð°Ð»Ð¸ÑÐ¸ÐºÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ° Ð±Ð°ÐºÐ°Ð»Ð°Ð²ÑÐ°
titleType: Subtitle
title: Reducing insertion loss in transconductive amplifier filters
Creators: name: ÐÐ¸Ð³Ð¼Ð°ÑÑÐ»Ð¸Ð½, ÐÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¼
Publisher: name: Ð¡Ð°Ð½ÐºÑ-ÐÐµÑÐµÑÐ±ÑÑÐ³ÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ ÑÐ½Ð¸Ð²ÐµÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑ ÐÐµÑÑÐ° ÐÐµÐ»Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾
Year: 2021
Subjects: gm-c ÑÐ¸Ð»ÑÑÑÑ
Ð²Ð½Ð¾ÑÐ¸Ð¼ÑÐµ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÐµÑÐ¸
ÑÑÐ°Ð½ÑÐºÐ¾Ð½Ð´ÑÐºÑÐ¸Ð²Ð½ÑÐµ ÑÑÐ¸Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÐ»Ð¸
ÑÐ¸Ð»ÑÑÑÑ Ð½Ð¸Ð¶Ð½Ð¸Ñ ÑÐ°ÑÑÐ¾Ñ
Ð²ÑÑ Ð¾Ð´Ð½Ð¾Ðµ ÑÐ¾Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¸Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ
Ð°Ð¼Ð¿Ð»Ð¸ÑÑÐ´Ð½Ð¾-ÑÐ°ÑÑÐ¾ÑÐ½Ð°Ñ Ñ Ð°ÑÐ°ÐºÑÐµÑÐ¸ÑÑÐ¸ÐºÐ°
rlc Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¸Ð¿
Ð¸Ð¼Ð¼Ð¸ÑÐ°ÑÐ¾ÑÑ
gm-c filters
introduced losses
transconductive amplifiers
low frequency filters
output resistance
amplitude-frequency characteristics
rlc prototype
immitators

description: ÐÐ°Ð½Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ° Ð¿Ð¾ÑÐ²ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð° Ð¿Ð¾Ð¸ÑÐºÑ Ð¸ Ð¸ÑÑÐ»ÐµÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð¼ÐµÑÐ¾Ð´Ð¾Ð² ÑÐ½Ð¸Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð²Ð½Ð¾ÑÐ¸Ð¼ÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÐµÑÑ Ð² Gm-C ÑÐ¸Ð»ÑÑÑÐ°Ñ. ÐÐ· Ð¿ÑÐµÐ´ÑÑÐ°Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¾Ð±Ð·Ð¾ÑÐ° Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐ°ÑÑÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾ Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÐµÐ¼Ð°ÑÐ¸ÐºÐµ Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶Ð½Ð¾ ÑÐ´ÐµÐ»Ð°ÑÑ Ð²ÑÐ²Ð¾Ð´, ÑÑÐ¾ Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð²Ð½ÑÐ¼Ð¸ Ð¸ÑÑÐ¾ÑÐ½Ð¸ÐºÐ°Ð¼Ð¸ Ð²Ð½Ð¾ÑÐ¸Ð¼ÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÐµÑÑ Ð² Gm-C ÑÐ¸Ð»ÑÑÑÐ°Ñ ÑÐ²Ð»ÑÑÑÑÑ RLC Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¸Ð¿ Ð¸ Ð¢Ð£. ÐÐ»Ñ ÑÐ½Ð¸Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÐµÑÑ Ð¢Ð£ Ð´Ð¾Ð»Ð¶ÐµÐ½ Ð¾Ð±Ð»Ð°Ð´Ð°ÑÑ Ð´Ð¾ÑÑÐ°ÑÐ¾ÑÐ½Ð¾ Ð²ÑÑÐ¾ÐºÐ¸Ð¼ Ð²ÑÑÐ¾Ð´Ð½ÑÐ¼ ÑÐ¾Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¸Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸ÐµÐ¼. Ð£Ð²ÐµÐ»Ð¸ÑÐ¸ÑÑ Ð²ÑÑÐ¾Ð´Ð½Ð¾Ðµ ÑÐ¾Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¸Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ Ð¢Ð£ Ð¿ÑÐµÐ´Ð»Ð°Ð³Ð°ÐµÑÑÑ Ð´Ð²ÑÐ¼Ñ ÑÐ¿Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð±Ð°Ð¼Ð¸: Ð¿ÑÑÐµÐ¼ Ð¸ÑÐ¿Ð¾Ð»ÑÐ·Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ ÐºÐ°ÑÐºÐ¾Ð´Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ Ð² Ð²ÑÑÐ¾Ð´Ð½Ð¾Ð¼ ÐºÐ°ÑÐºÐ°Ð´Ðµ Ð¢Ð£ Ð¸ ÑÐ°Ð·Ð¼ÐµÑÐµÐ½Ð¸ÐµÐ¼ Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸ÑÐ°ÑÐµÐ»ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ ÑÐ¾Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¸Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¿Ð°ÑÐ°Ð»Ð»ÐµÐ»ÑÐ½Ð¾ Ð²ÑÑÐ¾Ð´Ñ Ð¢Ð£. ÐÐ¾ÑÐµÑÐ¸ Ð¿ÑÐ¸ÑÑÑÐ¸Ðµ RLC Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¸Ð¿Ñ Ð¿ÑÐµÐ´Ð»Ð°Ð³Ð°ÐµÑÑÑ ÑÐ½Ð¸Ð¶Ð°ÑÑ Ð¿ÑÑÐµÐ¼ ÑÐ²ÐµÐ»Ð¸ÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð·Ð½Ð°ÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¿ÐµÑÐ²Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¢Ð£ Ð¿ÑÐ¸ Ð¸ÑÐ¿Ð¾Ð»ÑÐ·Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ð¸ Ð±Ð°Ð»Ð°Ð½ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ. Ð¢Ð°ÐºÐ¶Ðµ Ð² Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐµ Ð¿ÑÐµÐ´ÑÑÐ°Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ñ ÑÐµÐ·ÑÐ»ÑÑÐ°ÑÑ Ð¼Ð¾Ð´ÐµÐ»Ð¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ ÑÑÐµÐ¼ Gm-C Ð¤ÐÐ§ 3-Ð³Ð¾ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÑÐ´ÐºÐ° Ñ Ð´Ð²ÑÐ¼Ñ ÐµÐ¼ÐºÐ¾ÑÑÑÐ¼Ð¸ Ð¸ Ð´Ð²ÑÐ¼Ñ Ð¸Ð½Ð´ÑÐºÑÐ¸Ð²Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÑÐ¼Ð¸. ÐÑÐ¸ Ð¼Ð¾Ð´ÐµÐ»Ð¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð½ÑÑ ÑÑÐµÐ¼ Ð½Ð° Ð¸Ð´ÐµÐ°Ð»ÑÐ½ÑÑ ÑÐ»ÐµÐ¼ÐµÐ½ÑÐ°Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÑÑÐµÐ½Ñ Ð·Ð½Ð°ÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð²Ð½Ð¾ÑÐ¸Ð¼ÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÐµÑÑ Ð² â 6 Ð´Ð. Ð¢Ð°ÐºÐ¶Ðµ Ð±ÑÐ» ÑÐ°ÑÑÐ¼Ð¾ÑÑÐµÐ½ Ð¼ÐµÑÐ¾Ð´ ÑÐ½Ð¸Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð²Ð½Ð¾ÑÐ¸Ð¼ÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÐµÑÑ, Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð½ÑÐ¹ Ð½Ð° ÑÐ²ÐµÐ»Ð¸ÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ð¸ Ð²ÑÑÐ¾Ð´Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ ÑÐ¾Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¸Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¢Ð£. ÐÑÑÐ¾Ð´Ñ Ð¸Ð· Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð½ÑÑ ÑÐµÐ·ÑÐ»ÑÑÐ°ÑÐ¾Ð², ÑÐ²ÐµÐ»Ð¸ÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ Ð²ÑÑÐ¾Ð´Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ ÑÐ¾Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¸Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¢Ð£ Ð´Ð¾ 1 ÐÐÐ¼ Ð¿Ð¾Ð·Ð²Ð¾Ð»ÑÐµÑ ÑÐ½Ð¸Ð·Ð¸ÑÑ Ð²Ð½Ð¾ÑÐ¸Ð¼ÑÐµ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÐµÑÐ¸ Ð´Ð¾ ÑÑÐ¾Ð²Ð½Ñ Ð² â 6 Ð´Ð, ÑÑÐ¾ ÑÐ²Ð»ÑÐµÑÑÑ Ð¾Ð¿ÑÐ¸Ð¼Ð°Ð»ÑÐ½ÑÐ¼ ÑÐµÐ·ÑÐ»ÑÑÐ°ÑÐ¾Ð¼.
description: This work is devoted to the search and study of methods to reduce the insertion loss in Gm-C filters. From the presented review of the literature on this topic, we can conclude that the main sources of insertion loss in Gm-C filters are the RLC prototype and technical specifications. To reduce losses, the TA must have a sufficiently high output resistance. It is proposed to increase the output resistance of the TA in two ways: by using a cascode circuit in the output stage of the TA and placing a negative resistance parallel to the output of the TA. Losses inherent in the RLC prototype are proposed to be reduced by increasing the value of the first TA when using a balanced circuit. This paper also presents the results of modeling the Gm-C low-pass filter of the 3rd order with two capacitors and two inductors. When simulating these circuits on ideal elements, the insertion loss values of - 6 dB were obtained. Also considered was the method of reducing the insertion loss based on increasing the output resistance of the TA. Based on the results obtained, an increase in the output resistance of the TA to 1 MÎ© allows the insertion loss to be reduced to a level of - 6 dB, which is the optimal result.