cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A single galaxy population? statistical evidence that the Star-Forming Main Sequence might be the tip of the iceberg
Creators: name: Corcho-Caballero, P.
name: Ascasibar, Y.
name: López-Sánchez, Á. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: According to their specific star formation rate (sSFR), galaxies are often divided into `star-forming' and `passive' populations. It is argued that the former define a narrow `Main Sequence of Star-Forming Galaxies' (MSSF) of the form $\sSFR(\Mstar)$, whereas `passive' galaxies feature negligible levels of star formation activity. Here we use data from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey and the Galaxy and Mass Assembly survey at $z<0.1$ to constrain the conditional probability of the specific star formation rate at a given stellar mass. We show that the whole population of galaxies in the local Universe is consistent with a simple probability distribution with only one maximum (roughly corresponding to the MSSF) and relatively shallow power-law tails that fully account for the `passive' population. We compare the quality of the fits provided by such unimodal ansatz against those coming from a double log-normal fit (illustrating the bimodal paradigm), finding that both descriptions are roughly equally compatible with the current data. In addition, we study the physical interpretation of the bidimensional distribution across the $M_*-\sSFR$ plane and discuss potential implications from a theoretical and observational point of view. We also investigate correlations with metallicity, morphology and environment, highlighting the need to consider at least an additional parameter in order to fully specify the physical state of a galaxy.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS; 16 pages, 8 figures, 1 table
High-Velocity Clouds and the Local Intergalactic Medium
Creators: name: Richter, Philipp
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article I review recent observations of the gaseous halos of galaxies and the intergalactic medium at low redshift. In the first part I discuss distribution, metal content, and physical properties of the Galactic intermediate- and high-velocity clouds and the hot halo of the Milky Way. Recent absorption and emission measurements show that the Galaxy's tidal interaction with the Magellanic Clouds, the infall of low-metallicity gas, as well as the circulation of gas as part of the galactic fountain contribute to the observed distribution of gas in the halo of the Milky Way. In the second part I give a short overview on the circumgalactic gaseous environment of other nearby spiral galaxies. Multi-wavelength observations demonstrate that neutral and ionized gaseous halos of galaxies are common, and that they extend deep into intergalactic space. These studies suggest that the gaseous material around spiral galaxies is tightly connected to the on-going hierarchical formation and evolution of these galaxies. In the last part of this article I summarize recent quasar absorption-line measurements of the local intergalactic medium. In accordance with cosmological simulations, absorption-line studies in the far-ultraviolet indicate that both the photoionized Ly alpha forest and the shock-heated warm-hot intergalactic medium harbor a substantial fraction of the baryons in the local Universe.
description: 32 pages, 10 figures; to appear in Reviews in Modern Astronomy
Diquarks in the color--flavor locked phase of dense quark matter
Creators: name: Ebert, D.
name: Klimenko, K. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Diquark excitations of dense quark matter are considered in the framework of the Nambu -- Jona-Lasinio model with three types of massless quarks in the presense of a quark number chemical potential $μ$. We investigate the effective action of meson- and diquark fields at sufficiently high values of $μ$, where the color--flavor locked (CFL) phase is realized, and prove the existence of NG-bosons in the sector of pseudoscalar diquarks. In the sector of scalar diquarks an additional NG-boson is found, corresponding to the spontaneous breaking of the U(1)$_B$ baryon symmetry in the CFL phase. Finally, the existence of massive scalar and pseudoscalar diquark excitations is demonstrated.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures; version accepted for publication in PRD
Pulse instabilities in harmonic active mode-locking: a time-delayed approach
Creators: name: Koch, Elias R.
name: Gurevich, Svetlana V.
name: Javaloyes, Julien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a time-delayed model for the study of active mode-locking that is valid for large values of the round-trip gain and losses. It allows us to access the typical regimes encountered in semiconductor lasers and to perform an extended bifurcation analysis. Close to the harmonic resonances and to the lasing threshold, we recover the Hermite-Gauss solutions. However, the presence of the linewidth enhancement factor induces complex regimes in which even the fundamental solution becomes unstable. Finally, we discover a global bifurcation scenario in which a single pulse can jump, over a slow time scale, between the different minima of the modulation potential.
Neutrino clustering in growing neutrino quintessence
Creators: name: Mota, D. F.
name: Pettorino, V.
name: Robbers, G.
name: Wetterich, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A growing neutrino mass can stop the dynamical evolution of a dark energy scalar field, thus explaining the 'why now' problem. We show that such models lead to a substantial neutrino clustering on the scales of superclusters. Nonlinear neutrino lumps form at redshift z \sim 1 and could partially drag the clustering of dark matter. If observed, large scale non-linear structures could be an indication for a new attractive 'cosmon force' stronger than gravity.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
Eating Speed Measurement Using Wrist-Worn IMU Sensors Towards Free-Living Environments
Creators: name: Wang, Chunzhuo
name: Kumar, T. Sunil
name: De Raedt, Walter
name: Camps, Guido
name: Hallez, Hans
name: Vanrumste, Bart
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Eating speed is an important indicator that has been widely investigated in nutritional studies. The relationship between eating speed and several intake-related problems such as obesity, diabetes, and oral health has received increased attention from researchers. However, existing studies mainly use self-reported questionnaires to obtain participants' eating speed, where they choose options from slow, medium, and fast. Such a non-quantitative method is highly subjective and coarse at the individual level. This study integrates two classical tasks in automated food intake monitoring domain: bite detection and eating episode detection, to advance eating speed measurement in near-free-living environments automatically and objectively. Specifically, a temporal convolutional network combined with a multi-head attention module (TCN-MHA) is developed to detect bites (including eating and drinking gestures) from IMU data. The predicted bite sequences are then clustered into eating episodes. Eating speed is calculated by using the time taken to finish the eating episode to divide the number of bites. To validate the proposed approach on eating speed measurement, a 7-fold cross validation is applied to the self-collected fine-annotated full-day-I (FD-I) dataset, and a holdout experiment is conducted on the full-day-II (FD-II) dataset. The two datasets are collected from 61 participants with a total duration of 513 h, which are publicly available. Experimental results show that the proposed approach achieves a mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) of 0.110 and 0.146 in the FD-I and FD-II datasets, respectively, showcasing the feasibility of automated eating speed measurement in near-free-living environments.
description: The manuscript has been accepted in IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics
Hansenocaris undetermined
Creators: name: Olesen, Jørgen
name: Grygier, Mark J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Maxillopoda
Hansenocarididae
Hansenocaris
Hansenocaris undetermined

description: Y-nauplius Type Y
Figs 2, 16A–E
Type Y – Dreyer et al. 2023a: figs 4, 5a, c, tables s1–s2.
Material examined
JAPAN – Okinawa, Sesoko I., laboratory pier, 26°38ʹ09.4ʺ N, 127°51ʹ55.2ʺ E • 4 LSN; 1991–2005 • 4 LSN; 2018–2019 (Tables 1 and S1).
Description
LAST-STAGE NAUPLIUS (LSN). Lecithotrophic. Body ovate in dorso-ventral view; about 1.6 times as long as wide; lateral margins without discontinuity in body outline between cephalic shield and trunk. In lateral view, longitudinal axes of cephalon, trunk and dorso-caudal spine nearly in same plane. Length 360–400 µm (without dorso-caudal spine), greatest width ca 240 µm, greatest dorso-ventral thickness ca 150 µm. Labrum produced as wide, nearly square, trapezoidal elevation divided into facets by cuticular ridges; with four pores, two in posterior midline and pair along postero-lateral margins. Caudal end attenuate, terminating in 80–90 µm long, spinulose dorso-caudal spine accompanied ventrally by pair of tiny furcal spines situated slightly forward of its base.
CYPRID VIEWED THROUGH CUTICLE OF LSN. In early-phase LSN, developing cyprid filling entire nauplius, but distinct ‘empty’ area present later on between cyprid and LSN’s lateral margins. Telson with dark-brown tip. Gut-like central tube with row of yolk granules, some colored orange: yolk granules/lipid vesicles clustered in central part of cephalon; lipid vesicles present anteriorly in cephalon. Telson about as long as wide and about half as long as thorax.
Identification and variation
Easily recognizable by its large size and racket-shaped body (in dorso-ventral view), with a clearer distinction between the trunk and the dorso-caudal spine than in Type X. Size variation among specimens is probably attributable, at least in part, to squeezing and distortion of exuviae during mounting on slides.
Distribution
Japan (Sesoko Island, Okinawa).
description: Published as part of Olesen, Jørgen & Grygier, Mark J., 2024, Taxonomic diversity of marine planktonic ' y-larvae' (Crustacea: Facetotecta) from a coral reef hotspot locality (Japan, Okinawa), with a key to y-nauplii, pp. 1-90 in European Journal of Taxonomy 929 (1) on page 41, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2024.929.2479, http://zenodo.org/record/10876286
On Rational Points in CFT Moduli Spaces
Creators: name: Benjamin, Nathan
name: Keller, Christoph A.
name: Ooguri, Hirosi
name: Zadeh, Ida G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by the search for rational points in moduli spaces of two-dimensional conformal field theories, we investigate how points with enhanced symmetry algebras are distributed there. We first study the bosonic sigma-model with $S^1$ target space in detail and uncover hitherto unknown features. We find for instance that the vanishing of the twist gap, though true for the $S^1$ example, does not automatically follow from enhanced symmetry points being dense in the moduli space. We then explore the supersymmetric sigma-model on K3 by perturbing away from the torus orbifold locus. Though we do not reach a definite conclusion on the distribution of enhanced symmetry points in the K3 moduli space, we make several observations on how chiral currents can emerge and disappear under conformal perturbation theory.
description: 24 pages, 5 figures
Full separability criterion for tripartite quantum systems
Creators: name: Yu, Chang-shui
name: Song, He-shan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, an intuitive approach is employed to generalize the full separability criterion of tripartite quantum states of qubits to the higher-dimensional systems (Phys. Rev. A \textbf{72}, 022333 (2005)). A distinct characteristic of the present generalization is that less restrictive conditions are needed to characterize the properties of full separability. Furthermore, the formulation for pure states can be conveniently extended to the case of mixed states by utilizing the kronecker product approximate technique. As applications, we give the analytic approximation of the criterion for weakly mixed tripartite quantum states and investigate the full separability of some weakly mixed states.
description: 5 pages. To be published in Europ. J. D
Instability strips of main sequence B stars: a parametric study of iron enhancement
Creators: name: Miglio, A.
name: Bourge, P. -O.
name: Montalban, J.
name: Dupret, M. -A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The discovery of beta Cephei stars in low metallicity environments, as well as the difficulty to theoretically explain the excitation of the pulsation modes observed in some beta Cephei and SPB stars, suggest that the iron opacity ``bump'' provided by standard models could be underestimated. We investigate, by means of a parametric study, the effect of a local iron enhancement on the location of the beta Cephei and SPB instability strips.
description: 2 pages, to appear in the proceedings of "Vienna Workshop on the Future of Asteroseismology", September 20-22, 2006
PeV proton acceleration in Gamma-ray Binaries
Creators: name: Bykov, A. M.
name: Petrov, A. E.
name: Ponomaryov, G. A.
name: Levenfish, K. P.
name: Falanga, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Current generation of ground based gamma-ray telescopes observed dozens of sources of photons above 100 TeV. Supernova remnants, pulsar wind nebulae, young stellar clusters and superbubbles are considered as possible sites of PeV-regime particles producing the radiation. Another possible source of PeV particles could be gamma-ray binary systems. In these systems, a strong relativistic outflow from a compact object (neutron star or black hole) collides with the dense wind from a massive companion early-type star. Gamma-ray binaries are observed from radio to high energy gamma-rays as luminous non-thermal sources. Apart from acceleration of very high energy leptons producing most of the non-thermal radiation, these systems may also efficiently accelerate protons. We present here the results of numerical simulation of the PeV-regime proton acceleration in gamma-ray binaries. The simulation is based on relativistic MHD modeling of local flows of magnetized plasma in the region of interaction of two colliding winds. We then inject 0.1 PeV protons into the system and directly follow their trajectories to demonstrate that they are accelerated to energies above PeV. High magnetization of the wind of the young massive star providing a Gauss range field in the winds interaction region is of paramount importance for the acceleration of protons above PeV. The maximum energies of protons accelerated by colliding winds in gamma ray binaries can significantly exceed the energy of the pulsar potential's drop, which limits from above the energy of particles accelerated by an isolated pulsar.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures, Adv. Space Res., in print
Variational Quantum algorithm for Poisson equation
Creators: name: Liu, Hailing
name: Wu, Yusen
name: Wan, Linchun
name: Pan, Shijie
name: Qin, Sujuan
name: Gao, Fei
name: Wen, Qiaoyan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Poisson equation has wide applications in many areas of science and engineering. Although there are some quantum algorithms that can efficiently solve the Poisson equation, they generally require a fault-tolerant quantum computer which is beyond the current technology. In this paper, we propose a Variational Quantum Algorithm (VQA) to solve the Poisson equation, which can be executed on Noise Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) devices. In detail, we first adopt the finite difference method to transform the Poisson equation into a linear system. Then, according to the special structure of the linear system, we find an explicit tensor product decomposition, with only $2\log n+1$ items, of its coefficient matrix under a specific set of simple operators, where $n$ is the dimension of the coefficient matrix. This implies that the proposed VQA only needs $O(\log n)$ measurements, which dramatically reduce quantum resources. Additionally, we perform quantum Bell measurements to efficiently evaluate the expectation values of simple operators. Numerical experiments demonstrate that our algorithm can effectively solve the Poisson equation.
Highly-enhanced propagation of long-range kinks in heterogeneous media
Creators: name: González, Jorge A.
name: Bellorín, Alberto
name: Guerrero, Luis E.
name: Jiménez, Salvador
name: Marín, Juan F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate a field-theoretical model that describes the interaction between kinks and antikinks and between kinks and other heterogeneous fields and impurities. We show that the long-range kink can tunnel through a barrier created by heterogeneous fields and impurities even when the energy of the center of mass of the kink is less than the height of the energy barrier. We also study the conditions under which the kink can pass freely through a disordered medium. We introduce the concept of "effective translational symmetry". We compare our results with those from recent papers published in this journal, where the Bogomol'nyi-Prasad-Sommerfield property is discussed.
description: 52 pages, 36 figures
Stabilities for non-uniform $t$-intersecting families
Creators: name: Li, Yongtao
name: Wu, Biao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C65, 05D50

description: The study of intersection problems on families of sets is one of the most important topics in extremal combinatorics. As we all know, the extremal problems involving certain intersection constraints are equivalent to that with the union properties by taking complement of sets. A family of sets is called $s$-union if the union of any two sets in this family has size at most $s$. Katona [Acta Math. Hungar. 15 (1964)] provided the maximum size of an $s$-union family of sets of $[n]$, and he also determined the extremal families up to isomorphism. Recently, Frankl [J. Combin. Theory Ser. B 122 (2017) 869--876] sharpened this result by establishing the maximum size of an $s$-union family that is not a subfamily of the so-called Katona family. In this paper, we determine the maximum size of an $s$-union family that is neither contained in the Katona family nor in the Frankl family. Moreover, we characterize all extremal families achieving the upper bounds.
description: Final version, any comments are welcome
Phase-retrieval from Bohm's equations
Creators: name: Brasil, Carlos Alexandre
name: Moussa, Miled Hassan Youssef
name: Napolitano, Reginaldo de Jesus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an analytic method, based on the Bohmian equations for quantum mechanics, for approaching the phase-retrieval problem in the following formulation: By knowing the probability density $\left\vert ψ\left(\overrightarrow{r},t\right)\right\vert ^{2}$ and the energy potential $V\left(\overrightarrow{r},t\right)$ of a system, how can one determine the complex state $ψ\left(\overrightarrow{r},t\right)$? We illustrate our method with three classic examples involving Gaussian states, suggesting applications to quantum state and Hamiltonian engineering.
description: 9 pages
DA-BEV: Unsupervised Domain Adaptation for Bird's Eye View Perception
Creators: name: Jiang, Kai
name: Huang, Jiaxing
name: Xie, Weiying
name: Li, Yunsong
name: Shao, Ling
name: Lu, Shijian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Camera-only Bird's Eye View (BEV) has demonstrated great potential in environment perception in a 3D space. However, most existing studies were conducted under a supervised setup which cannot scale well while handling various new data. Unsupervised domain adaptive BEV, which effective learning from various unlabelled target data, is far under-explored. In this work, we design DA-BEV, the first domain adaptive camera-only BEV framework that addresses domain adaptive BEV challenges by exploiting the complementary nature of image-view features and BEV features. DA-BEV introduces the idea of query into the domain adaptation framework to derive useful information from image-view and BEV features. It consists of two query-based designs, namely, query-based adversarial learning (QAL) and query-based self-training (QST), which exploits image-view features or BEV features to regularize the adaptation of the other. Extensive experiments show that DA-BEV achieves superior domain adaptive BEV perception performance consistently across multiple datasets and tasks such as 3D object detection and 3D scene segmentation.
Bang-bang preparation of quantum many-body ground states in two dimensions: optimization of the algorithm with a two-dimensional tensor network
Creators: name: Zhang, Yintai
name: Dziarmaga, Jacek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A bang-bang (BB) algorithm prepares the ground state of a two-dimensional (2D) quantum many-body Hamiltonian $H=H_1+H_2$ by evolving an initial product state alternating between $H_1$ and $H_2$. We use the neighborhood tensor update to simulate the BB evolution with an infinite pair-entangled projected state (iPEPS). The alternating sequence is optimized with the final energy as a cost function. The energy is calculated with the tangent space methods for the sake of their stability.
 The method is benchmarked in the 2D transverse field quantum Ising model near its quantum critical point against a ground state obtained by variational optimization of the iPEPS. The optimal BB sequence differs non-perturbatively from a sequence simulating quantum annealing or adiabatic preparation (AP) of the ground state. The optimal BB energy converges with the number of bangs much faster than the optimal AP energy.
description: 9 pages, 10 figures
Trapped Quintessential Inflation in the context of Flux Compactifications
Creators: name: Sanchez, J. C. Bueno
name: Dimopoulos, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a model for quintessential inflation using a string modulus for the inflaton - quintessence field. The scalar potential of our model is based on generic non-perturbative potentials arising in flux compactifications. We assume an enhanced symmetry point (ESP), which fixes the initial conditions for slow-roll inflation. When crossing the ESP the modulus becomes temporarily trapped, which leads to a brief stage of trapped inflation. This is followed by enough slow roll inflation to solve the flatness and horizon problems. After inflation, the field rolls down the potential and eventually freezes to a certain value because of cosmological friction. The latter is due to the thermal bath of the hot big bang, which is produced by the decay of a curvaton field. The modulus remains frozen until the present, when it becomes quintessence.
description: 32 pages, 3 figures, JCAP format. Forgotten acknowledgements included; otherwise identical to previous version
Representativity Fairness in Clustering
Creators: name: P, Deepak
name: Abraham, Savitha Sam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Incorporating fairness constructs into machine learning algorithms is a topic of much societal importance and recent interest. Clustering, a fundamental task in unsupervised learning that manifests across a number of web data scenarios, has also been subject of attention within fair ML research. In this paper, we develop a novel notion of fairness in clustering, called representativity fairness. Representativity fairness is motivated by the need to alleviate disparity across objects' proximity to their assigned cluster representatives, to aid fairer decision making. We illustrate the importance of representativity fairness in real-world decision making scenarios involving clustering and provide ways of quantifying objects' representativity and fairness over it. We develop a new clustering formulation, RFKM, that targets to optimize for representativity fairness along with clustering quality. Inspired by the $K$-Means framework, RFKM incorporates novel loss terms to formulate an objective function. The RFKM objective and optimization approach guides it towards clustering configurations that yield higher representativity fairness. Through an empirical evaluation over a variety of public datasets, we establish the effectiveness of our method. We illustrate that we are able to significantly improve representativity fairness at only marginal impact to clustering quality.
description: In 12th ACM Web Science Conference (WebSci 2020)
Improving the academic workplace for your deaf and hard-of-hearing colleagues
Creators: name: Cooke, Michele
name: Caicedo, Ana
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 480707
subject: Welfare, insurance, disability and social security law
classificationCode: 390411
subject: Special education and disability

description: This report outlines the best approach for increasing workplace accessibility and provide links to The Mind Hears blog posts that explore particular aspects in detail. The report lists detailed recommendations for making your in-person and remote workplaces accessible for your deaf and hard of hearing colleagues.
Conjoin sets, stratigraphic integrity and chronological resolution at Kenniff cave, Queensland
Creators: name: Richardson, Norma
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: GN772.52.A8 R53 2010
subject: Excavations (Archaeology) Australia Kenniff Cave (Qld.)
subject: Paleontology Holocene
subject: Prehistoric peoples Australia Kenniff Cave (Qld.)
subject: Geomorphology
subject: Kenniff Cave (Qld.) Antiquities

description: Patterns in the archaeological record result from cultural activities and/or non-cultural processes acting before, during and after deposition or they form through post{u00AD}depositional environmental processes. Archaeologists investigating site formation processes seek to differentiate between these events. This research project was developed to determine whether patterns of artefact distribution in the Kenniff Cave deposit are a reflection of the discard of artefacts at any given time or have been created by post-depositional events. An artefact refitting program resulted in the documentation of 88 conjoin sets consisting of two to 45 pieces per set from the Holocene layers of Kenniff Cave. Three dimensional graphical illustrations of the varied vertical and horizontal distribution of selected conjoin sets highlight the need for a detailed investigation of site structure and taphonomic history before interpretation of cultural assemblages and chronological data. The impact that these data have upon the chronological framework previously used to model changes in Australian prehistory is examined.
Quantum dynamics of the black hole interior in LQC
Creators: name: Sartini, Francesco
name: Geiller, Marc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has been suggested that the homogeneous black hole interior spacetime, when quantized following the techniques of loop quantum cosmology, has a resolved singularity replaced by a black-to-white hole transition. This result has however been derived so far only using effective classical evolution equations, and depends on details of the so-called polymerization scheme for the Hamiltonian constraint. Here we propose to use the unimodular formulation of general relativity to study the full quantum dynamics of this mini-superspace model. When applied to such cosmological models, unimodular gravity has the advantage of trivializing the problem of time by providing a true Hamiltonian which follows a Schrödinger evolution equation. By choosing variables adapted to this setup, we show how to write semi-classical states agreeing with that of the Wheeler-DeWitt theory at late times, and how in loop quantum cosmology they evolve through the would-be singularity while remaining sharply peaked. This provides a very simple setup for the study of the full quantum dynamics of these models, which can hopefully serve to tame regularization ambiguities.
description: 39 pages, 10 figures
Understanding and evaluating large-scale consular emergency response
Creators: name: Tindall, Karen
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Diplomatic and consular service
subject: Emergency management International cooperation.
subject: Disaster relief International cooperation.
subject: International relations

description: With increasingly mobile societies and greater global interconnectedness, international travel has become cheaper and more streamlined. The number of individuals travelling across increasingly permeable borders continues to grow. Large-scale consular emergencies occur when a large number of foreign nationals are under threat or in distress following a natural disaster, terrorist attack, or escalation of unrest abroad. Presented in a 'thesis by publication' format, this dissertation examines how governments, and in particular foreign ministries, respond to incidents abroad affecting a large number of foreign nationals; the strategic and operational challenges they face in implementing these responses; and how the 'consular' nature of this class of emergency that spans the domestic and international arena, shapes these challenges and response patterns. Drawing on data from Australia, Sweden and the United Kingdom, this dissertation examines the role and performance of foreign ministries during responses to three major incidents abroad: the 2002 Bali bombings, the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami and the 2006 evacuations from Lebanon. This dissertation sought to understand and evaluate government policies and practices with respect to large-scale consular emergency response, and draw attention to the foreign component of the typically domestic crisis management function of government. In the international environment of large-scale responses, governments have to work and contend with numerous actors. The scale of the emergency necessitates that bureaucracies engage in coordinated whole-of-government responses. Responses spanning both the domestic and international arena require coordinated action between foreign ministry headquarters and personnel abroad, and require cooperation with actors not normally involved in domestic emergencies. Managing distance in large-scale consular emergency responses encompasses more than physical and logistical distance. The challenge of assisting citizens whose emotions may be affected by the foreignness of the environment, or by feelings of connectedness despite the physical distance, necessitates a response that incorporates both pragmatism and compassion. Governments mounting large-scale responses also have to contend with the expectations of the citizenry, which often go beyond what governments are capable of delivering outside their national territories. Deconstructing large-scale consular emergency response into constituent challenges provides a framework in which to assess the responses. Large-scale consular emergencies test the limits of bureaucratic reach, highlight the relationship between the citizen and the state, and engage the political sphere with questions of how far a government should go to assist citizens. -- provided by Candidate.
Floquet-Engineered Valley-Topotronics in Kekulé-Y Bond Textured Graphene Superlattice
Creators: name: Saha, Sushmita
name: Mawrie, Alestin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The exquisite distortion in a Kekulé-Y (Kek-Y) superlattice merges the two inequivalent Dirac cones (from the $K$- and the $K^\prime$- points) into the highest symmetric $Γ$-point in the hexagonal Brillouin zone. Here we report that a circularly polarised light not only opens up a topological gap at the $Γ$-point but also lifts the valley degeneracy at that point. Endowed with Floquet dynamics and by devising a scheme of high-frequency approximation, we have proposed that the handedness (left/right) in polarised light offers the possibility to realise the valley-selective circular dichroism in Kek-Y shaped graphene superlattice. Also, the non-vanishing Berry curvature and enumeration of valley resolved Chern number $\mathcal{C}_{K}/\mathcal{C}_{K^\prime}=+1/-1$ enable us to assign two pseudo-spin flavors (up/down) with the two valleys. Thereby, the above observations confirm the topological transition suggesting the ease of realising the valley quantum anomalous Hall (VQAH) state within the photon-dressed Kek-Y. These findings further manifest a non-zero optical valley polarisation which is maximum at the $Γ$-point. Our paper thus proposes an optically switchable topological valley filter which is desirous in the evolving landscape of valleytronics.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures
Efficiency of quantum and classical transport on graphs
Creators: name: Muelken, Oliver
name: Blumen, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a measure to quantify the efficiency of classical and quantum mechanical transport processes on graphs. The measure only depends on the density of states (DOS), which contains all the necessary information about the graph. For some given (continuous) DOS, the measure shows a power law behavior, where the exponent for the quantum transport is twice the exponent of its classical counterpart. For small-world networks, however, the measure shows rather a stretched exponential law but still the quantum transport outperforms the classical one. Some finite tree-graphs have a few highly degenerate eigenvalues, such that, on the other hand, on them the classical transport may be more efficient than the quantum one.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Sophie Gilliat-Ray, Mansur Ali & Stephen Pattison: Understanding Muslim Chaplaincy.
Creators: name: Tezcan, Levent
Publisher: name: Ruhr-Universität Bochum
Year: 2015
Subjects: book review, Muslim chaplaincy

description: This contribution offers a review of

Sophie Gilliat-Ray, Mansur Ali & Stephen Pattison: Understanding Muslim Chaplaincy,
Farnham: Ashgate, 2013. 206 pages, paperback £19.99, ISBN 978-1409435938.
description: Entangled Religions, Vol 2 (2015)
Magnetization switching induced by spin-orbit torque from Co2MnGa magnetic Weyl semimetal thin films
Creators: name: Tang, Ke
name: Wen, Zhenchao
name: Lau, Yong-Chang
name: Sukegawa, Hiroaki
name: Seki, Takeshi
name: Mitani, Seiji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This study reports the magnetization switching induced by spin-orbit torque (SOT) from the spin current generated in Co2MnGa magnetic Weyl semimetal (WSM) thin films. We deposited epitaxial Co2MnGa thin films with highly B2-ordered structure on MgO(001) substrates. The SOT was characterized by harmonic Hall measurements in a Co2MnGa/Ti/CoFeB heterostructure and a relatively large spin Hall efficiency of -7.8% was obtained.The SOT-induced magnetization switching of the perpendicularly magnetized CoFeB layer was further demonstrated using the structure. The symmetry of second harmonic signals, thickness dependence of spin Hall efficiency, and shift of anomalous Hall loops under applied currents were also investigated. This study not only contributes to the understanding of the mechanisms of spin-current generation from magnetic-WSM-based heterostructures, but also paves a way for the applications of magnetic WSMs in spintronic devices.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures
Correlated X-ray and optical variability in the O-type supergiant zeta Puppis
Creators: name: Nichols, Joy S.
name: Naze, Yael
name: Huenemoerder, David P.
name: Moffat, Anthony F. J.
name: Miller, Nathan
name: Lauer, Jennifer
name: Ignace, Richard
name: Gayley, Ken
name: Ramiaramanantsoa, Tahina
name: Oskinova, Lidia
name: Hamann, Wolf-Rainer
name: Richardson, Noel D.
name: Waldron, Wayne L.
name: Dahmer, Matthew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Analysis of the recent long exposure Chandra X-ray observation of the early-type O star zeta Pup shows clear variability with a period previously reported in optical photometric studies. These 813 ks of HETG observations taken over a roughly one year time span have two signals of periodic variability: a high significance period of 1.7820 +/- 0.0008 day, and a marginal detection of periodic behavior close to either 5 day or 6 day period. A BRITE-Constellation nanosatellite optical photometric monitoring, using near-contemporaneous observations to the Chandra data, confirms a 1.78060 +/- 0.00088 day period for this star. The optical period coincides with the new Chandra period within their error ranges, demonstrating a link between these two wavebands and providing a powerful lever for probing the photosphere/wind connection in this star. The phase lag of the X-ray maximum relative to the optical maximum is approximately phi=0.45, but consideration of secondary maxima in both datasets indicates possibly two hot spots on the star with an X-ray phase lag of phi=0.1 each. The details of this periodic variation of the X-rays are probed by displaying a phased and trailed X-ray spectrum and by constructing phased light curves for wavelength bands within the HETG spectral coverage, ranging down to bands encompassing groups of emission lines. We propose that the 1.78 day period is the stellar rotation period and explore how stellar bright spots and associated co-rotating interacting regions or CIRs could explain the modulation of the optical and X-ray output for this star and their phase difference.
description: 17 pages; 10 figures
On single file and less dense processes
Creators: name: Flomenbom, O.
name: Taloni, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The diffusion process of N hard rods in a 1D interval of length L (--> inf) is studied using scaling arguments and an asymptotic analysis of the exact N-particle probability density function (PDF). In the class of such systems, the universal scaling law of the tagged particle's mean absolute displacement reads, ~ _{free}/n^mu, where _{free} is the result for a free particle in the studied system and n is the number of particles in the covered length. The exponent mu is given by, mu=1/(1+a), where a is associated with the particles' density law of the system, rho~rho_0*L^(-a), 0<= a <=1. The scaling law for leads to, ~rho_0^((a-1)/2) (_{free})^((1+a)/2), an equation that predicts a smooth interpolation between single file diffusion and free particle diffusion depending on the particles' density law, and holds for any underlying dynamics. In particular, ~t^((1+a)/2) for normal diffusion, with a Gaussian PDF in space for any value of a (deduced by a complementary analysis), and, ~t^((beta(1+a))/2), for anomalous diffusion in which the system's particles all have the same power-law waiting time PDF for individual events, psi~t^(-1-beta), 0~t^(1/2) in a 'standard' single file is a direct result of the fixed particles' density condition imposed on the system, a=0.
How informative are summaries of the cosmic 21-cm signal?
Creators: name: Prelogović, David
name: Mesinger, Andrei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The cosmic 21-cm signal will bring data-driven advances to studies of the Cosmic Dawn (CD) and Epoch of Reionization (EoR). Radio telescopes such as the SKA will eventually map the HI fluctuations over the first billion years - the majority of our observable Universe. With such large data volumes, it becomes increasingly important to develop "optimal" summary statistics, allowing us to learn as much as possible about the CD and EoR. In this work we compare the constraining power of several 21-cm summary statistics, using the determinant of the Fisher information matrix, $\det F$. Since we do not have an established "fiducial" model for the astrophysics of the first galaxies, we compute the distribution of $\det F$ across the prior volume. Using a large database of cosmic 21-cm lightcones that include realizations of telescope noise, we compare the following summaries: (i) the spherically-averaged power spectrum (1DPS), (ii) the cylindrically-averaged power spectrum (2DPS), (iii) the 2D Wavelet scattering transform (WST), (iv) a recurrent neural network (RNN), (v) an information-maximizing neural network (IMNN), and (vi) the combination of 2DPS and IMNN. Our best performing individual summary is the 2DPS, having relatively high Fisher information throughout parameter space. Although capable of achieving the highest Fisher information for some parameter choices, the IMNN does not generalize well, resulting in a broad distribution. Our best results are achieved with the concatenation of the 2DPS and IMNN. The combination of only these two complimentary summaries reduces the recovered parameter variances on average by factors of $\sim$6.5 - 9.5, compared with using each summary independently. Finally, we point out that that the common assumption of a constant covariance matrix when doing Fisher forecasts using 21-cm summaries can significantly underestimate parameter constraints.
description: 11 pages, 9 figures, updated to match the version published in A&A
Hyperspectral vision methods for automatic recognition of emergency plant pests
Creators: name: Khuwuthyakorn, Pattaraporn
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: TA1634.K58 2012
subject: Image processing Digital techniques
subject: Computer vision
subject: Machine learning

description: The objective of this research work is to develop the computational techniques in computer vision and machine learning to detect and identify Emergency Plant Pests (EPPs) in hyperspectral images and the ability to apply in a real-time basis for the plant biosecurity surveillance application. There are three problems that will be addressed regarding hyperspectral imagery classification for EPPs; feature extraction, object detection and classification problems. Therefore, the development of computational methods for the three problems have been proposed. The first one, extraction of descriptive features, is to relate EPPs to their spectral imaging representations as necessary for representing information of the pest for reliable classification. This involves the development of texture based image descriptors that are both, invariant to changes in the viewing conditions and robust to in-field conditions. The second one is the object detection related problem in hyperspectral images. For any development of automatic surveillance systems, rapid object detection is one of essentials for success. The proposed method rapidly finds potential areas of locations of suspected objects and operates effectively on large-scale clustering and high dimensionality problems like the hyperspectral data. The last major problem of the research is to develop a classification method appropriate for the application. The method requires the capability to operate under a real-time setting with desirable discrimination performance for satisfying with a high margin of confidence. The development of these methods is further explained based on mathematic formulations. The experimental results show the utility and performance of the proposed methods. Finally, an attempt of further investigation of possible applications for these computational techniques has been carried out. -- provided by Candidate.
On a Transformation of Triple $q$-Series and Rogers-Hecke Type Series
Creators: name: Liu, Zhi-Guo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05A30, 33D05, 33D15, 32A05, 11E25, 32A10

description: Using the method of the $q$-exponential differential operator, we give an extension of the Sears $_4ϕ_3$ transformation formula. Based on this extended formula and a $q$-series expansion formula for an analytic function around the origin, we present a transformation formula for triple $q$-series, which includes several interesting special cases, especially a double $q$-series summation formula. Some applications of this transformation formula to Rogers-Hecke type series are discussed. More than 100 Rogers-Hecke type identities including Andrews' identities for the sums of three squares and the sums of three triangular numbers are obtained.
Studies in international organisation : the United Nations Organisation and the European Economic Community
Creators: name: Heathcote, Nina
Publisher: name: Canberra, ACT : The Australian National University
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: United Nations
subject: European Economic Community
subject: Peace

description: My work has dealt with three themes: A. Peacekeeping and nation-building by the United Nations B. The inter-state politics of Western Europe, and the problems of integration in the European Economic Community C. Nuclear proliferation and British Commonwealth responsibilities in Asia and the Inda-Pacific region. I am not submitting papers on group C, since they are not clearly related to the other two themes . Each of the themes A and B includes an analysis of the relations between an international organisation and its member-states. One of the main objectives has been to determine whether and how far the Organisation has become, or may become in the future, an autonomous agent in international affairs. The question arose out of my interest in the nature of the modern nation-state, and the prospects of survival of the international system constituted by their power-political interactions.