cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Eliminating Structural Loss in Optomechanical Resonators Using Elastic Wave Interference
Creators: name: Zhang, Mian
name: Luiz, Gustavo
name: Shah, Shreyas
name: Wiederhecker, Gustavo
name: Lipson, Michal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Optomechanical resonators suffer from the dissipation of mechanical energy through the necessary anchors enabling the suspension of the structure. Here we show that such structural loss in an optomechnaical oscillator can be almost completely eliminated through the destructive interference of elastic waves using dual-disk resonators. We also present both analytical and numerical model that predicts the observed interference of elastic waves. Our experimental data reveal unstressed SiN devices with mechanical Q-factors up to $10^4$ at mechanical frequencies of $f=102$ MHz ($fQ = 10^{12}$) at room temperature.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Locally inequivalent four qubit hypergraph states
Creators: name: Chen, Xiao-yu
name: Wang, Lei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hypergraph states as real equally weighted pure states are important resources for quantum codes of non-local stabilizer. Using local Pauli equivalence and permutational symmetry, we reduce the 32768 four qubit real equally weighted pure states to 28 locally inequivalent hypergraph states and several graph states. The calculation of geometric entanglement supplemented with entanglement entropy confirms that further reduction is impossible for true hypergraph states.
description: 6 pages,2 figures, Accepted by J. Phys. A
Generalized parton distributions of sea quarks in the proton from nonlocal chiral effective theory
Creators: name: He, Fangcheng
name: Ji, Chueng-Ryong
name: Melnitchouk, W.
name: Thomas, A. W.
name: Wang, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the spin-averaged generalized parton distributions (GPDs) of sea quarks in the proton at zero skewness from nonlocal covariant chiral effective theory, including one-loop contributions from intermediate states with pseudoscalar mesons and octet and decuplet baryons. A relativistic regulator is generated from the nonlocal Lagrangian where a gauge link is introduced to guarantee local gauge invariance, with additional diagrams from the expansion of the gauge link ensuring conservation of electric charge and strangeness. Flavor asymmetries for sea quarks at zero and finite momentum transfer, as well as strange form factors, are obtained from the calculated GPDs, and results compared with phenomenological extractions and lattice QCD.
description: 71 pages, 10 figures
Posttransplantation Disseminated Coccidioidomycosis Acquired from Donor Lungs
Creators: name: Gilligan, P. H.
name: Miller, M. B.
name: Hendren, R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2004

description: A North Carolinian developed fatal coccidioidomycosis immediately after bilateral lung transplantation. The donor had previously traveled to Mexico, and the recipient had no travel history to an area where Coccidioides immitis is endemic. Immunosuppresive therapy of the transplant recipient likely reactivated latent Coccidioides infection in the donor lungs, leading to posttransplant coccidioidomycosis.
Современные задачи по использованию средств защиты для орошаемого земледелия
Creators: name: Костоварова И.А.
name: Костоваров С.К.
Publisher: name: АгроФорум
Year: 2023
Subjects: орошаемое земледелие
вредители и болезни растений
загрязнение природы
интегрированная защита растений
природоохранный подход
эффективность
irrigated agriculture
plant pests and diseases
nature pollution
integrated plant protection
conservation approach
efficiency

description: В статье рассмотрены современные задачи использования средств защиты в орошаемом земледелии.
description: The article discusses the modern tasks of using protective equipment in irrigated agriculture.
The intense production of silicates during the final AGB phases of intermediate mass stars
Creators: name: Marini, E.
name: Dell'Agli, F.
name: Kamath, D.
name: Ventura, P.
name: Mattsson, L.
name: Marchetti, T.
name: García-Hernández, D. A.
name: Carini, R.
name: Fabrizio, M.
name: Tosi, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The formation of silicates in circumstellar envelopes of stars evolving through the AGB is still debated given the uncertainties affecting stellar evolution modelling, the description of the dust formation process, and the capability of silicate grains to accelerate stellar outflows via radiation pressure. We study the formation of dust in the winds of intermediate mass (M $\geq 4 M_{\odot}$) stars of solar metallicity while evolving through the AGB phase. We tested the different treatments of the mass-loss mechanism by this class of stars, with the aim of assessing their contribution to the general enrichment of silicates of the interstellar medium of galaxies. We consider a sub-sample of AGB stars, whose SED is characterised by deep absorption features at $10$ and $18μ$m, which can be regarded as the class of stars providing the most relevant contribution to the silicates' production across the Universe. Results from stellar evolution and dust formation modelling were used to fit the observed SED and to reproduce, at the same time, the detected pulsation periods and the derived surface chemical composition. This analysis leads to the derivation of tight constraints on the silicates' production rates experienced by these sources during the final AGB stages. Two out of the four sources investigated are interpreted as stars currently undergoing HBB, evolving through phases close to the stage when the mass-loss rate is largest. The remaining two stars are likely evolving through the very final AGB phases, after HBB was turned off by the gradual consumption of the convective mantle. Mass-loss rates of the order of $1-2\times 10^{-4} M_{\odot}/$yr are required when looking for consistency with the observational evidence. These results indicate the need for a revision of the silicate yields by intermediate mass stars, which are found to be $\sim 3$ times higher than previously determined.
Prevalence of Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus in Prenatal Screening Cultures
Creators: name: Gilligan, P. H.
name: Doutova, A.
name: Allen, S. L.
name: Miller, M. B.
name: Mangum, M. E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2004

description: Recommendations for the perinatal treatment of women colonized with Streptococcus agalactiae include vancomycin prophylaxis for those with severe penicillin allergies and antibiotic-resistant organisms. Because of potential postpartum infections due to vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) and the possible spread of vancomycin resistance, the prevalence of VRE in prenatal screening cultures was determined.
Single-Photon Superradiance in Cold Atoms
Creators: name: de Oliveira, Rafael A.
name: Mendes, Milrian S.
name: Martins, Weliton S.
name: Saldanha, Pablo L.
name: Tabosa, José W. R.
name: Felinto, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The interaction of an ensemble of atoms with common vacuum modes may lead to an enhanced emission into these modes. This phenomenon, known as superradiance, highlights the coherent nature of spontaneous emission, resulting in macroscopic entangled states in mundane situations. The complexity of the typical observations of superradiance, however, masks its quantum nature, allowing alternative classical interpretations. Here we stress how this picture changed with the implementation ten years ago of a new process for single-photon generation from atomic ensembles. We present then the last piece of evidence for the superradiant nature of such process, reporting the observation of an accelerated emission of the photon with a rate that may be tuned by controllably changing the number of atoms in the ensemble. Such investigation paves the way to a new, bottom-up approach to the study of superradiance.
description: 8 pages, 9 figures
Computational Studies of Multiple-Particle Nonlinear Dynamics in a Spatio-Temporally periodic potential
Creators: name: Myers, Owen D.
name: Wu, Junru
name: Marshall, Jeffrey S.
name: Danforth, Christopher M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spatio-temporally periodic (STP) potential is interesting in Physics due to the intimate coupling between its time and spatial components. In this paper we begin with a brief discussion of the dynamical behaviors of a single particle in a STP potential and then examine the dynamics of multiple particles interacting in a STP potential via the electric Coulomb potential. For the multiple particle case, we focus on the occurrence of bifurcations when the amplitude of the STP potential varies. It is found that the particle concentration of the system plays an important role; the type of bifurcations that occur and the number of attractors present in the Poincaré sections depend on whether the number of particles in the simulation is even or odd. In addition to the nonlinear dynamical approach we also discuss dependence of the squared fractional deviation of particles kinetic energy of the multiple particle system on the amplitude of the STP potential which can be used to elucidate certain transitions of states; this approach is simple and useful particularly for experimental studies of complicated interacting systems.
The science case for a modern, multi-wavelength, polarization-sensitive LIDAR in orbit around Mars
Creators: name: Brown, Adrian J.
name: Michaels, Timothy I.
name: Byrne, Shane
name: Sun, Wenbo
name: Titus, Timothy N.
name: Colaprete, Anthony
name: Wolff, Michael J.
name: Videen, Gorden
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the scientific case to build a multiple-wavelength, active, near-infrared (NIR) instrument to measure the reflected intensity and polarization characteristics of backscattered radiation from planetary surfaces and atmospheres. We focus on the ability of such an instrument to enhance, perhaps revolutionize, our understanding of climate, volatiles and astrobiological potential of modern-day Mars.
description: 25 pages, 6 figures, 4 tables
Diagnosing limb asymmetries in hot and ultra-hot Jupiters with high-resolution transmission spectroscopy
Creators: name: Savel, Arjun B.
name: Kempton, Eliza M. -R.
name: Rauscher, Emily
name: Komacek, Thaddeus D.
name: Bean, Jacob L.
name: Malik, Matej
name: Malsky, Isaac
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Due to their likely tidally synchronized nature, (ultra)hot Jupiter atmospheres should experience strongly spatially heterogeneous instellation. The large irradiation contrast and resulting atmospheric circulation induce temperature and chemical gradients that can produce asymmetries across the eastern and western limbs of these atmospheres during transit. By observing an (ultra)hot Jupiter's transmission spectrum at high spectral resolution, these asymmetries can be recovered -- namely through net Doppler shifts originating from the exoplanet's atmosphere yielded by cross-correlation analysis. Given the range of mechanisms at play, identifying the underlying cause of observed asymmetry is nontrivial. In this work, we explore sources and diagnostics of asymmetries in high-resolution cross-correlation spectroscopy of hot and ultra-hot Jupiters using both parameterized and self-consistent atmospheric models. If an asymmetry is observed, we find that it can be difficult to attribute it to equilibrium chemistry gradients because many other processes can produce asymmetries. Identifying a molecule that is chemically stable over the temperature range of a planetary atmosphere can help establish a ``baseline'' to disentangle the various potential causes of limb asymmetries observed in other species. We identify CO as an ideal molecule, given its stability over nearly the entirety of the ultra-hot Jupiter temperature range. Furthermore, we find that if limb asymmetry is due to morning terminator clouds, blueshifts for a number of species should decrease during transit. Finally, by comparing our forward models to Kesseli et al. (2022), we demonstrate that binning high-resolution spectra into two phase bins provides a desirable trade-off between maintaining signal to noise and resolving asymmetries.
description: 21 pages, 10 figures. Submitted to ApJ
Comparison of Conventional Susceptibility Testing, Penicillin-Binding Protein 2a Latex Agglutination Testing, and mecA Real-Time PCR for Detection of Oxacillin Resistance in Staphylococcus aureus and Coagulase-Negative Staphylococcus
Creators: name: Miller, M. B.
name: Meyer, H.
name: Gilligan, P. H.
name: Rogers, E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2005

description: Penicillin-binding protein (PBP) 2a latex agglutination was compared with conventional susceptibility testing and mecA real-time PCR for the detection of oxacillin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus. Inoculum volume and induction with oxacillin were PBP 2a testing variables. For coagulase-negative Staphylococcus, an increased inoculum volume of 10 μl greatly reduced the number of isolates requiring induction.
The Beta-Gompertz Distribution
Creators: name: Jafari, Ali Akbar
name: Tahmasebi, Saeid
name: Alizadeh, Morad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we introduce a new four-parameter generalized version of the Gompertz model which is called Beta-Gompertz (BG) distribution. It includes some well-known lifetime distributions such as beta-exponential and generalized Gompertz distributions as special sub-models. This new distribution is quite flexible and can be used effectively in modeling survival data and reliability problems. It can have a decreasing, increasing, and bathtub-shaped failure rate function depending on its parameters. Some mathematical properties of the new distribution, such as closed-form expressions for the density, cumulative distribution, hazard rate function, the $k$th order moment, moment generating function, Shannon entropy, and the quantile measure are provided. We discuss maximum likelihood estimation of the BG parameters from one observed sample and derive the observed Fisher's information matrix. A simulation study is performed in order to investigate this proposed estimator for parameters. At the end, in order to show the BG distribution flexibility, an application using a real data set is presented.
description: http://www.emis.de/journals/RCE/ingles/v37_1.html
Massless minimal quantum scalar field with an asymmetric self interaction in de Sitter spacetime
Creators: name: Bhattacharya, Sourav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Massless minimally coupled quantum scalar field with an asymmetric self interaction, $V(ϕ)=λϕ^4/4!+ βϕ^3/3! $ (with $λ>0$) is considered in the $(3+1)$-dimensional inflationary de Sitter spacetime. This potential is bounded from below irrespective of the sign of $β$. Earlier computations mostly considered the quartic part. Our chief motivation behind this study is to assess the vacuum expectation values of $V(ϕ)$ and $ϕ$, both of which can be negative, and hence may lead to some screening of the inflationary cosmological constant value. First using the in-in formalism, the renormalised quantum correction to the cubic potential appearing in the energy-momentum tensor is computed at two loop, which is the leading order in this case. The quantum correction to the kinetic term at two loop are subleading compared to the above result at late cosmological times. Next, using some of these results we compute the renormalised vacuum expectation value of $ ϕ$, by computing the tadpoles at ${\cal O}(β)$ and ${\cal O}(λβ)$. Due to the appearance of the de Sitter isometry breaking logarithms, the tadpoles cannot be completely renormalised away in this case, unlike the flat spacetime. All these results, as expected, show secularly growing logarithms at late cosmological times. We next use a recently proposed renormalisation group inspired formalism to resum perturbative secular effects, to compute a non-perturbative $\langle ϕ\rangle$ at late cosmological times. $\langle ϕ\rangle$ turns out to be approximately one order of magnitude less compared to the position of the classical minima $ϕ=-3β/λ$ of $V(ϕ)$. Estimation on the possible screening of the inflationary cosmological constant due to this $\langle ϕ\rangle$ is also presented.
description: v2; 35pp, 5 figs; added references, discussions and clarifications; a small error in the computation of $\langle \phi \rangle$ corrected, main results unchanged; accepted in JCAP
CMM CESSDA Metadata Model
Creators: name: Akdeniz, Esra
name: Moilanen, Katja
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Metadata
Model
DDI

description: This is the public version of the CESSDA Metadata Model (CMM). Please send your requests to the CESSDA Metadata Office via metadata-office@cessda.eu. Guidelines for the usage of and best practice for the CMM can be found in the respective User Guide.
Comparison of Two Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) RNA Surrogate Assays to the Standard HIV RNA Assay
Creators: name: Crowe, S. M.
name: Brambilla, D. J.
name: Respess, R.
name: Stevens, W.
name: Scianna, S.
name: Cachafeiro, A.
name: Schupbach, J.
name: Fiscus, S. A.
name: Jennings, C.
name: Morack, R. J.
name: Gronowitz, J. S.
name: Danilovic, A. D.
name: Ussery, M. A.
name: Bremer, J. W.
name: Corrigan, G. E.
name: Varnier, O. E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2005

description: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) RNA testing is the gold standard for monitoring antiretroviral therapy in HIV-infected patients. However, equipment and reagent costs preclude widespread use of the assay in resource-limited settings. The Perkin-Elmer Ultrasensitive p24 assay and the Cavidi Exavir Load assay both offer potentially simpler, less costly technologies for monitoring viral load. These assays were compared to the Roche Amplicor HIV-1 Monitor Test, v1.5, using panels of clinical samples (subtype B) from HIV-positive subjects and HIV-spiked samples (subtypes A, C, D, CRF_01AE, CRF_02AG, and F). The Ultrasensitive p24 assay detected 100% of the spiked samples with virus loads of >250,000copies/ml and 61% of the clinical samples with virus loads of 219 to 288,850 copies/ml. Detection rates were improved substantially if an external lysis buffer was added to the procedure. The Cavidi assay detected 54 to 100% of spiked samples with virus loads >10,000 copies/ml and 68% of the clinical samples. These detection rates were also greatly improved with a newly implemented version of this kit. Coefficients of variation demonstrate good reproducibility for each of these kits. The results from the Cavidi v1.0, Cavidi v2.0, and Perkin-Elmer, and the Perkin-Elmer Plus external buffers all correlated well with the results from the Roche Monitor Test (r = 0.83 to 0.96, r = 0.84 to 0.99, r = 0.58 to 0.67, and r = 0.59 to 0.95, respectively). Thus, the use of these two assays for monitoring patients, together with less-frequent confirmation testing, offers a feasible alternative to frequent HIV RNA testing in resource-limited settings.
Optimization of Signal-to-Noise-and-Distortion Ratio for Dynamic Range Limited Nonlinearities
Creators: name: Ying, Kai
name: Yu, Zhenhua
name: Baxley, Robert J.
name: Zhou, G. Tong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Many components used in signal processing and communication applications, such as power amplifiers and analog-to-digital converters, are nonlinear and have a finite dynamic range. The nonlinearity associated with these devices distorts the input, which can degrade the overall system performance. Signal-to-noise-and-distortion ratio (SNDR) is a common metric to quantify the performance degradation. One way to mitigate nonlinear distortions is by maximizing the SNDR. In this paper, we analyze how to maximize the SNDR of the nonlinearities in optical wireless communication (OWC) systems. Specifically, we answer the question of how to optimally predistort a double-sided memory-less nonlinearity that has both a "turn-on" value and a maximum "saturation" value. We show that the SNDR-maximizing response given the constraints is a double-sided limiter with a certain linear gain and a certain bias value. Both the gain and the bias are functions of the probability density function (PDF) of the input signal and the noise power. We also find a lower bound of the nonlinear system capacity, which is given by the SDNR and an upper bound determined by dynamic signal-to-noise ratio (DSNR). An application of the results herein is to design predistortion linearization of nonlinear devices like light emitting diodes (LEDs).
AdS/BCFT and Island for curvature-squared gravity
Creators: name: Hu, Qi-Lin
name: Li, Dongqi
name: Miao, Rong-Xin
name: Zeng, Yu-Qian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we investigate AdS/BCFT for curvature-squared gravity. To warm up, we start with Gauss-Bonnet gravity. We derive the one point function of stress tensor and show that the central charge related to the norm of displacement operator is positive for the couplings obeying causality constraints. Furthermore, by imposing the null energy condition on the end-of-the-world brane, we prove the holographic g-theorem for Gauss-Bonnet gravity. This corrects a wrong point of view in the literature, which claims that the holographic g-theorem is violated for Gauss-Bonnet gravity. As a by-product, we obtain the boundary entropy and A-type boundary central charges in general dimensions. We also study AdS/BCFT for general curvature-squared gravity. We find that it is too restrictive for the shape of the brane and the dual BCFT is trivial if one imposes Neumann boundary conditions for all of the gravitational modes. Instead, we propose to impose Dirichlet boundary condition for the massive graviton, while imposing Neumann boundary condition for the massless graviton. In this way, we obtain non-trivial shape dependence of stress tensor and well-defined central charges. In particular, the holographic g-theorem is satisfied by general curvature-squared gravity. Finally, we discuss the island and show that the Page curve can be recovered for Gauss-Bonnet gravity. Interestingly, there are zeroth-order phase transitions for the Page curve within one range of couplings obeying causality constraints. Generalizing the discussions to holographic entanglement entropy and holographic complexity in AdS/CFT, we get new constraints for the Gauss-Bonnet coupling, which is stronger than the causality constraint.
description: 49 pages, 29 figures, revision accepted for publication in JHEP, main improvements: prove that our g-function can recover the universal term of boundary entropy in general dimensions; add a toy model to explain the novel zeroth-order phase transition of the Page curve analytically
Evaluation of an Ultrasensitive p24 Antigen Assay as a Potential Alternative to Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 RNA Viral Load Assay in Resource-Limited Settings
Creators: name: Withum, D.
name: Varnier, O. E.
name: Respess, R. A.
name: Fiscus, S. A.
name: Branson, B.
name: Dondero, T. J.
name: Newman, D.
name: Cachafeiro, A.
name: Lewis, K.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2005

description: An inexpensive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 quantitation, ultrasensitive p24 antigen assay (Up24), was compared with RNA viral load assay (VL). Up24 had 100% sensitivity of detection at a viral load of ≥30,000, with sensitivity of 46.4% at a viral load of
ATOMS: ALMA Three-millimeter Observations of Massive Star-forming regions -XIV. Properties of resolved UC Hii regions
Creators: name: Zhang, C.
name: Zhu, Feng-Yao
name: Liu, Tie
name: Ren, Z. -Y.
name: Liu, H. -L.
name: Wang, Ke
name: Wu, J. -W.
name: Zhang, Y.
name: Zhou, J. -W.
name: Tatematsu, K.
name: Garay, Guido
name: Tej, Anandmayee
name: Li, Shanghuo
name: Xu, W. F.
name: Lee, Chang Won
name: Bronfman, Leonardo
name: Soam, Archana
name: Li, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hydrogen recombination lines (RRLs) are one of the major diagnostics of the physical properties of H{\sc ii} regions. We use RRL H40$α$, He40$α$ and 3 mm continuum emission to investigate the properties of a large sample of resolved UC H{\sc ii} regions identified in the ATOMS survey. In total, we identify 94 UC H{\sc ii} regions from H40$α$ emission. The basic parameters for these UC H{\sc ii} regions such as electron density, emission measure, electron temperature, ionic abundance ratio (n$_{\rm He^+}$/n$_{\rm H^+}$), and line width are derived. The median electron density and the median n$_{\rm He^+}$/n$_{\rm H^+}$ ratio of these UC H{\sc ii} regions derived from RRLs are $\sim$9000 cm$^{-3}$ and 0.11, respectively. Within UC H{\sc ii} regions, the n$_{\rm He^+}$/n$_{\rm H^+}$ ratios derived from the intensity ratio of the He40$α$ and H40$α$ lines seems to be higher in the boundary region than in the center. The H40$α$ line width is mainly broadened by thermal motion and microturbulence. The electron temperature of these UC H{\sc ii} regions has a median value of $\sim$6700 K, and its dependence on galactocentric distance is weak.
Flow Cytometry-Based Assay for Titrating Dengue Virus
Creators: name: Johnston, R. E.
name: Lambeth, C. R.
name: White, L. J.
name: de Silva, A. M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2005

description: Plaque assays for titrating dengue virus (DENV) are time-consuming and not suitable for strains that do not plaque. Fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) has been used to detect DENV-infected cells. Here we describe a FACS-based assay for titrating DENV. We determined that at 24 h postinfection, the number of infected cells detected by FACS represented the first round of infection and therefore could be used as a readout of the number of infectious particles in the inoculum. When the titers of different laboratory and clinical strains of DENV were compared using FACS, plaque, and endpoint dilution assays, for most strains the FACS titers were comparable to titers obtained by plaque or endpoint dilution assays. The FACS assay is an improvement over the plaque assay because the infection period is reduced from 5 to 7 days to 24 h and the assay can be used to titrate clinical isolates that frequently do not form clear plaques on cell monolayers. The novel FACS-based methods described here will facilitate laboratory studies of dengue.
Comparing and Combining Sentiment Analysis Methods
Creators: name: Gonçalves, Pollyanna
name: Araújo, Matheus
name: Benevenuto, Fabrício
name: Cha, Meeyoung
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Several messages express opinions about events, products, and services, political views or even their author's emotional state and mood. Sentiment analysis has been used in several applications including analysis of the repercussions of events in social networks, analysis of opinions about products and services, and simply to better understand aspects of social communication in Online Social Networks (OSNs). There are multiple methods for measuring sentiments, including lexical-based approaches and supervised machine learning methods. Despite the wide use and popularity of some methods, it is unclear which method is better for identifying the polarity (i.e., positive or negative) of a message as the current literature does not provide a method of comparison among existing methods. Such a comparison is crucial for understanding the potential limitations, advantages, and disadvantages of popular methods in analyzing the content of OSNs messages. Our study aims at filling this gap by presenting comparisons of eight popular sentiment analysis methods in terms of coverage (i.e., the fraction of messages whose sentiment is identified) and agreement (i.e., the fraction of identified sentiments that are in tune with ground truth). We develop a new method that combines existing approaches, providing the best coverage results and competitive agreement. We also present a free Web service called iFeel, which provides an open API for accessing and comparing results across different sentiment methods for a given text.
description: Proceedings of the first ACM conference on Online social networks (2013) 27-38
Particle energization in colliding subcritical collisionless shocks investigated in the laboratory
Creators: name: Fazzini, A.
name: Yao, W.
name: Burdonov, K.
name: Béard, J.
name: Chen, S. N.
name: Ciardi, A.
name: d'Humières, E.
name: Diab, R.
name: Filippov, E. D.
name: Kisyov, S.
name: Lelasseux, V.
name: Miceli, M.
name: Moreno, Q.
name: Orlando, S.
name: Pikuz, S.
name: Ribeyre, X.
name: Starodubtsev, M.
name: Zemskov, R.
name: Fuchs, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Colliding collisionless shocks appear in a great variety of astrophysical phenomena and are thought to be possible sources of particle acceleration in the Universe. To investigate the detailed dynamics of this phenomenon, we have performed a dedicated laboratory experiment. We have generated two counter-streaming subcritical collisionless magnetized shocks by irradiating two teflon (CF$_2$) targets with 100 J, 1 ns laser beams on the LULI2000 laser facility. The interaction region between the plasma flows was pre-filled with a low density background hydrogen plasma and initialized with an externally applied homogeneous magnetic field perpendicular to the shocks. We report here on measurements of the plasma density and temperature during the formation of the supercritical shocks, their transition to subcritical, and final interpenetration. We have also modeled the macroscopic evolution of the system via hydrodynamic simulations and the microphysics at play during the interaction via Particle-In-Cell simulations. The main goal was to understand what was the effect of the second shock on particle energization. We found that in the presence of two shocks the ambient ions reach energies around 1.5 times of the ones obtained with single shocks. Both the presence of the downstream zone of the second shock and of the downstream zone common for the two shocks play a role in the different energization: the characteristics of the perpendicular electric fields in the two areas allow, indeed, certain particles to keep being accelerated or to avoid being decelerated.
Hacia una comunicación científica inclusiva como estrategia para el fortalecimiento de la ciencia abierta en las Universidades: un acercamiento desde la diversidad funcional.
Creators: name: Villada, Diana María Ayala
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Ciencia abierta
Ciencia inclusiva
Comunicación científica inclusiva

description: La comunicación científica cobra cada vez mayor valor en la cadena de divulgación del conocimiento entre los diferentes grupos poblacionales, su importancia radica en brindar igualdad de oportunidades a toda la comunidad en el acceso a los insumos y productos de investigación sin importar las condiciones o características especiales que se puedan presentar en el proceso. Es por ello que las Universidades deben prestar particular atención a las estrategias implementadas para garantizar que la ciencia llegue a toda su comunidad; su labor no termina al publicar los resultados de sus investigaciones, se debe además asegurar condiciones de calidad e inclusión en su divulgación.
Digital innovation in healthcare: a device with a method for monitoring, managing and preventing the risk of chronic polypathological patients
Creators: name: Improta, Giovanni
name: De Luca, Vincenzo
name: Ilario, Maddalena
name: Triassi, Maria
Publisher: name: Universita' degli Studi di Salerno
Year: 2020
Subjects: Digital innovation
Clinical decision-making
Chronic patients

description: New digital technologies can have a huge impact on the traditional healthcare sector, both from a clinical and economic perspective. Doctors and health specialists will increasingly need technology to improve the services they provide to their patients. Here a novel patented device for automatic processing of clinical data of chronic poly-pathological patients is presented. The invention consists of a reconfigurable equipment that allows the assessment of clinical risk severity indexes that can be customized for polypathological patients and which acts both as a decision support system for specialist doctors in the diagnosis and treatment phases, and as a monitoring system in the clinical environment.
Short to Intermediate-range Structure , Transport , and Thermophysical Properties of LiF-NaF-ZrF4 Molten Salts
Creators: name: Chahal, Rajni
name: Banerjee, Shubhojit
name: Lam, Stephen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: LiF-NaF-ZrF4 multicomponent molten salts are identified as promising candidates for coolant salts in molten salt reactors and advanced high-temperature reactors. Herein, ab-initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) calculations were performed and compared with available experimental data to assess the ability of polarizable ion models (PIM) to reproduce short to intermediate-range structure, transport and thermophysical properties of the LiF-NaF-ZrF4 salt mixtures. This study signifies the importance of accurate salt structure generation for accurate prediction of transport and thermophysical properties of multicomponent molten salts. Keywords: Multicomponent Molten salts, Ab-initio molecular dynamics, Polarizable ion model, Fluorozirconate chains, Neoteric liquids simulation, Ionic liquids, Thermophysical properties, Diffusion coefficients.
description: We have found a technical error in the name of the model that was used -- which we have called the "polarizable" model, when it was in fact the "rigid" model that was employed. As it is currently written, we believe that the paper would be misleading to the reader
CMM CESSDA Metadata Model
Creators: name: Akdeniz, Esra
name: Borschewski, Kerrin
name: Moilanen, Katja
name: Jääskeläinen, Taina
name: Jakobsen, Morten
name: Storviken, Silje
name: Beeken, Jeannine
name: Bell, Darren
name: Bolton, Sharon
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Metadata
Model

description: This is the public version of the CESSDA Metadata Model (CMM). Please send your requests to the CESSDA Metadata Office via metadata-office@cessda.eu. Guidelines for the usage of and best practice for the CMM can be found in the respective User Guide.
Core polarization, Brown-Rho scaling and a memory of Gerry's Princeton years
Creators: name: Kuo, T. T. S.
name: Holt, J. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Core-polarization (CP) and Brown-Rho (BR) scaling were among Gerry's most favorite topics. In this contribution, we will discuss some of the early history as well as more recent work associated with these two fascinating phenomena. I (TTSK) will begin with some recollections of Princeton, where I met Gerry for the first time in 1964 and worked as his postdoc. Core polarization was in fact the first topic he assigned to me. JWH started working with Gerry at Stony Brook from 2003 and was Gerry's last student in nuclear physics. We three had teamed up well, working closely on both CP and BR scaling, particularly on the latter's connection to the anomalously-long beta-decay lifetime of carbon-14. We shall here briefly review these topics, including a recently developed new Brown-Rho scaling based on a Skyrmion half-Skyrmion two-phase model.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures, published in Nuclear Physics A special issue in memory of Gerry Brown
Genetic Typing of the Porin Protein of Neisseria gonorrhoeae from Clinical Noncultured Samples for Strain Characterization and Identification of Mixed Gonococcal Infections
Creators: name: Rasamindrakotroka, A.
name: Lynn, F.
name: Hobbs, M. M.
name: Van Damme, K.
name: Bash, M. C.
name: Zenilman, J. M.
name: Behets, F. M. T. F.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2005

description: Molecular methods that characterize the Neisseria gonorrhoeae porin protein Por are needed to study gonococcal pathogenesis in the natural host and to classify strains from direct clinical samples used with nucleic acid amplification-based tests. We have defined the capabilities of por variable region (VR) typing and determined suitable conditions to apply the method to direct clinical specimens. Nested PCR from spiked urine samples detected 1 to 10 copies of template DNA; freezing spiked whole urine greatly reduced the ability to amplify porB. In a laboratory model of mixed gonococcal infections, the por type of one strain could be determined in the presence of a 100-fold excess of another. por VR typing was used to examine clinical samples from women enrolled in studies conducted in Baltimore, Md., and Madagascar. por type was determined from 100% of paired cervical swab and wick samples from 20 culture-positive women from Baltimore; results for eight individuals (40%) suggested infection with more than one strain. In frozen urine samples from Madagascar, porB was amplified and typed from 60 of 126 samples from ligase chain reaction (LCR)-positive women and 3 samples from LCR-negative women. The por VR types of 13 samples (21%) suggested the presence of more than one gonococcal strain. Five por types, identified in >45% of women with typed samples, were common to both geographic areas. Molecular typing is an important adjunct to nucleic acid amplification-based diagnostics. Methods that utilize direct clinical samples and can identify mixed infections may contribute significantly to studies of host immunity, gonococcal epidemiology, and pathogenesis.
Identification of the Optical Counterpart of Fermi Black Widow Millisecond Pulsar PSR J1544+4937
Creators: name: Tang, Sumin
name: Kaplan, David L.
name: Phinney, Sterl
name: Prince, Thomas A.
name: Breton, Rene P.
name: Bellm, Eric
name: Bildsten, Lars
name: Cao, Yi
name: Kong, A. K. H.
name: Perley, Daniel A.
name: Sesar, Branimir
name: Wolf, William M.
name: Yen, T. -C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the optical identification of the companion to the {\it Fermi} black widow millisecond pulsar PSR J1544+4937. We find a highly variable source on Keck LRIS images at the nominal pulsar position, with 2 magnitude variations over orbital period in the B, g, R, and I bands. The nearly achromatic light curves are difficult to explain with a simply irradiated hemisphere model, and suggest that the optical emission is dominated by a nearly isothermal hot patch on the surface of the companion facing the pulsar. We roughly constrain the distance to PSR J1544+4937 to be between 2 and 5 kpc. A more reliable distance measurement is needed in order to constrain the composition of the companion.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ Letters
A hypothesis-driven method based on machine learning for neuroimaging data analysis
Creators: name: Gorriz, JM
name: Martin-Clemente, R.
name: Puntonet, C. G.
name: Ortiz, A.
name: Ramirez, J.
name: Suckling, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: There remains an open question about the usefulness and the interpretation of Machine learning (MLE) approaches for discrimination of spatial patterns of brain images between samples or activation states. In the last few decades, these approaches have limited their operation to feature extraction and linear classification tasks for between-group inference. In this context, statistical inference is assessed by randomly permuting image labels or by the use of random effect models that consider between-subject variability. These multivariate MLE-based statistical pipelines, whilst potentially more effective for detecting activations than hypotheses-driven methods, have lost their mathematical elegance, ease of interpretation, and spatial localization of the ubiquitous General linear Model (GLM). Recently, the estimation of the conventional GLM has been demonstrated to be connected to an univariate classification task when the design matrix is expressed as a binary indicator matrix. In this paper we explore the complete connection between the univariate GLM and MLE \emph{regressions}. To this purpose we derive a refined statistical test with the GLM based on the parameters obtained by a linear Support Vector Regression (SVR) in the \emph{inverse} problem (SVR-iGLM). Subsequently, random field theory (RFT) is employed for assessing statistical significance following a conventional GLM benchmark. Experimental results demonstrate how parameter estimations derived from each model (mainly GLM and SVR) result in different experimental design estimates that are significantly related to the predefined functional task. Moreover, using real data from a multisite initiative the proposed MLE-based inference demonstrates statistical power and the control of false positives, outperforming the regular GLM.
description: 12 figures
Patto di famiglia e perdita sopravvenuta della qualità di legittimario
Creators: name: Sannuti, Iolanda
Publisher: name: Universita degli studi di Salerno
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: IUS/01 DIRITTO PRIVATO
subject: Successioni

description: 2014 - 2015
description: The research work done interests possible legal implications that quality loss of forced heirship can determine on a patto di famiglia previously in place. For this purpose, two parameters are identified within which move one solution to the problem that it is more consistent with the foundation laid at the base of institute, ie allow the general transition in the life of the settlor already producing well protecting the rights that the law grants to the closest relatives of these. Guidelines are listed in the legal nature of the patto di famiglia and effectiveness of different measures involving the quality loss of forced heirship that may affect the subjects involved by the merger. From this, it follows a diversity of solution in reference to the individual subject considered distinguishing, exactly, the descending position of the beneficiary of the production well from that of the non-forced heirship assignee. And yet, within this last category, the spouse's position relative to that of other descendants of the beneficiary. The work is moving on a dual perspective ie simple, in the sense of the occurrence of the aforementioned supports only event, or complex, in the terms in which it is accompanied by the occurrence of new heirs of the settlor. [edited by Author]
Genomic Diversity in Campylobacter jejuni: Identification of C. jejuni 81-176-Specific Genes
Creators: name: Poly, F.
name: Stintzi, A.
name: Threadgill, D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2005

description: Since the publication of the complete genomic sequence of Campylobacter jejuni NCTC 11168 in February 2000, evidence has been compiling that suggests C. jejuni strains exhibit high genomic diversity. In order to investigate this diversity, the unique genomic DNA sequences from a nonsequenced Campylobacter strain, C. jejuni 81-176, were identified by comparison with C. jejuni NCTC 11168 by using a shotgun DNA microarray approach. Up to 63 kb of new chromosomal DNA sequences unique to this pathogen were obtained. Eighty-six open reading frames were identified by the presence of uninterrupted coding regions encoding a minimum of 40 amino acids. In addition, this study shows that the whole-plasmid shotgun microarray approach is effective and provides a comprehensive coverage of DNA regions that differ between two closely related genomes. The two plasmids harbored by this Campylobacter strain, pTet and pVir, were also sequenced, with coverages of 2.5- and 2.9-fold, respectively, representing 72 and 92% of their complete nucleotide sequences. The unique chromosomal genes encode proteins involved in capsule and lipooligosaccharide biosynthesis, restriction and modification systems, and respiratory metabolism. Several of these unique genes are likely associated with C. jejuni 81-176 fitness and virulence. Interestingly, the comparison of C. jejuni 81-176 unique genes with those of C. jejuni ATCC 43431 revealed a single gene which encodes a probable TraG-like protein. The product of this gene might be associated with the mechanism of C. jejuni invasion into epithelial cells. In conclusion, this study extends the repertoire of C. jejuni genes and thus will permit the construction of a composite and more comprehensive microarray of C. jejuni.
Image Enhancement Techniques for Quantitative Investigations of Morphological Features in Cometary Comae: A Comparative Study
Creators: name: Samarasinha, Nalin
name: Larson, Stephen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many cometary coma features are only a few percent above the ambient coma (i.e., the background) and therefore coma enhancement techniques are needed to discern the morphological structures present in cometary comae. A range of image enhancement techniques widely used by cometary scientists is discussed by categorizing them and carrying out a comparative analysis. The enhancement techniques and the corresponding characteristics are described in detail and the respective mathematical representations are provided. As the comparative analyses presented in this paper make use of simulated images with known coma features, the feature identifications as well as the artifacts caused by enhancement provide an objective and definitive assessment of the various techniques. Examples are provided which highlight contrasting capabilities of different techniques to pick out qualitatively distinct features of widely different strengths and spatial scales. On account of this as well as serious image artifacts and spurious features associated with certain enhancement techniques, confirmation of the presence of coma features using qualitatively different techniques is strongly recommended.
description: 47 pages, 15 figures