cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Pengalaman Menempuh Pendidikan Master Keperawatan Jiwa di Universitas Negeri di Filipina
Creators: name: Dias, Maria Frani Ayu Andari
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Pengalaman belajar ilmu keperawatan di luar negeri
Pengalaman belajar
Pendidikan ilmu keperawatan
Pendidikan keperawatan

description: Presentasi ini adalah presentasi yang saya berikan dalam kegiatan focus group discussion (FGD) yang diselenggarakan oleh KBRI Manila pada Agustus 4, 2020. Saya adalah satu dari empat orang panelist yang diberi kesempatan untuk membagikan pengalamannya dalam FGD ini. Kegiatan ini dihadiri pemimpian Poltekes hampir di seluruh Indonesia.
Additional file 1 of Characteristics of Clostridium difficile isolates and the burden of hospital-acquired Clostridium difficile infection in a tertiary teaching hospital in Chongqing, Southwest China
Creators: name: Dai, Wei
name: Yang, Tianxiang
name: Yan, Li
name: Niu, Siqiang
name: Zhang, Chuanming
name: Sun, Jide
name: Wang, Zhu
name: Xia, Yun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: Additional file 1 The detection results and department sources of 55 C. difficile strains.
Employing Nanostructured Scaffolds to Investigate the Mechanical Properties of Adult Mammalian Retinae Under Tension
Creators: name: Juncheed, Kantida
name: Kohlstrunk, Bernd
name: Friebe, Sabrina
name: Dallacasagrande, Valentina
name: Maurer, Patric
name: Reichenbach, Andreas
name: Mayr, Stefan G.
name: Zink, Mareike
Publisher: name: Basel : Molecular Diversity Preservation International
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Nanostructured scaffolds
subject: Nanotubes
subject: Porcine eyes
subject: Retina
subject: Tissue elasticity
subject: Tissue mechanics
subject: Tissue stretcher
subject: 570
subject: 540

description: Numerous eye diseases are linked to biomechanical dysfunction of the retina. However, the underlying forces are almost impossible to quantify experimentally. Here, we show how biomechanical properties of adult neuronal tissues such as porcine retinae can be investigated under tension in a home-built tissue stretcher composed of nanostructured TiO2 scaffolds coupled to a self-designed force sensor. The employed TiO2 nanotube scaffolds allow for organotypic long-term preservation of adult tissues ex vivo and support strong tissue adhesion without the application of glues, a prerequisite for tissue investigations under tension. In combination with finite element calculations we found that the deformation behavior is highly dependent on the displacement rate which results in Young’s moduli of (760–1270) Pa. Image analysis revealed that the elastic regime is characterized by a reversible shear deformation of retinal layers. For larger deformations, tissue destruction and sliding of retinal layers occurred with an equilibration between slip and stick at the interface of ruptured layers, resulting in a constant force during stretching. Since our study demonstrates how porcine eyes collected from slaughterhouses can be employed for ex vivo experiments, our study also offers new perspectives to investigate tissue biomechanics without excessive animal experiments. © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
title: Cost of Large Truck-and Bus-Involved Crashes
Creators: name: Grzywacz, Wendy
name: Avalon Integrated Services, Inc.
Publisher: name: Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/01jt5mq34
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2001
Subjects: classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/91993
subject: Motor carriers
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/90656
subject: Bus crashes
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/90674
subject: Truck crashes

description: Crashes involving trucks and buses with gross weight ratings over 10,000 pounds impose a variety of costs on the drivers of those vehicles; other drivers, involved either directly or indirectly in the crashes; and society as a whole. Such costs include medical expenses, emergency services, property damage, lost productivity, travel delays, and the monetized value of pain, suffering, and quality-of-life lost. Safety analysts use crash cost data for a variety of purposes, from analyzing the effectiveness of a roadway enhancement to measuring the impact of seatbelt use. Such data are critical when comparing the relative efficacy of crash countermeasures and calculating the cost-effectiveness of proposed safety regulations. Efficient allocation of resources for research, enforcement, and analysis depends on reliable crash cost data. This analysis brief summarizes the results of a Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA) study on the cost (in 1999 dollars) of highway crashes involving large trucks and buses. The study final report is available at http://ai.volpe.dot.gov.
title: Married Students on the U.S.A.C. Campus
Creators: name: Taylor, Donald L.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1941

description: Marriage is an ancient rite. No one knows when it started or all the stages of its evolution. But it has survived and is today a main concern of the majority of people. When the European colonist came to America, they had no desire to change their folkways and mores concerning the family. In spite of this, a type of family developed in America that is different from any of its European predecessors.
title: Improvement of Deep Tubewell Irrigation Project Performance in Bangladesh
Creators: name: Miah, Md. Mirjahan
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1984

description: A computer model for use in predicting the impact of various improvement options on command area expansion of a deep tubewell irrigation system has been developed. A field study was conducted on 11 selected deep tubewells located at two sites, namely Dhamrai and Thakurgaon, in Bangladesh to collect necessary physical data to provide irrigation engineering insight and a basis for testing and application of the model. The results of the investigation revealed that the actual discharge of most of the deep tubewells was lower than the design or rated capacity. The duration of pump operation in the majority of the study deep tubewell areas was extremely low. The conveyance losses in all of the study systems were very high. Even though a portion of those losses was reused in the system, particularly in rice growing areas, they caused serious difficulty in delivering water to remote fields, thus, restricting the command area. The overall irrigation efficiencies in all of the wheat growing areas of Thakurgaon were low. Considerable losses and waste of water after it was diverted from the field channels due to lack of leveling and poor water control were mostly responsible for the low efficiencies . Excessive percolation losses due to inadequate puddling of the soils during land preparation and frequent drought conditions resulted from poor distribution of water in some of the rice growing areas of Dhamrai caused relatively low overall irrigation efficiencies. The overall efficiencies of the pumps both driven by diesel engine and electric motor were found to be much lower than the recommended values.
The developed model was applied to predict the expected command area under both existing and modified physical conditions. The model predicted command areas were compared with the actual field observed values and necessary adjustments were discussed. The impact of each of the improvement alternatives considered in the study was determined by comparing the predicted command area under the modified conditions with that under the existing physical settings. An economic analysis was performed to determine the cost effectiveness of most of the alternatives.
Application of the model in evaluating the farmers' pump operation practices was demonstrated. Use of the model to assist the farmers in planning the command area and delivery schedule was also indicated. Although the model was developed to use in a deep tubewell irrigation system, it can also be used in the system served by a low-lift pump or by a turnout in a large irrigation project.
The Effect of Random Surface Inhomogeneities on Microresonator Spectral Properties: Theory and Modeling at Millimeter Wave Range
Creators: name: Ganapolskii, E. M.
name: Eremenko, Z. E.
name: Tarasov, Yu. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The influence of random surface inhomogeneities on spectral properties of open microresonators is studied both theoretically and experimentally. To solve the equations governing the dynamics of electromagnetic fields the method of eigen-mode separation is applied previously developed with reference to inhomogeneous systems subject to arbitrary external static potential. We prove theoretically that it is the gradient mechanism of wave-surface scattering which is the highly responsible for non-dissipative loss in the resonator. The influence of side-boundary inhomogeneities on the resonator spectrum is shown to be described in terms of effective renormalization of mode wave numbers jointly with azimuth indices in the characteristic equation. To study experimentally the effect of inhomogeneities on the resonator spectrum, the method of modeling in the millimeter wave range is applied. As a model object we use dielectric disc resonator (DDR) fitted with external inhomogeneities randomly arranged at its side boundary. Experimental results show good agreement with theoretical predictions as regards the predominance of the gradient scattering mechanism. It is shown theoretically and confirmed in the experiment that TM oscillations in the DDR are less affected by surface inhomogeneities than TE oscillations with the same azimuth indices. The DDR model chosen for our study as well as characteristic equations obtained thereupon enable one to calculate both the eigen-frequencies and the Q-factors of resonance spectral lines to fairly good accuracy. The results of calculations agree well with obtained experimental data.
description: 17+ pages, 5 figures
title: Evaluation of the Early Establishment Phase of Agropyron desertorum, Medicago sativa and Atriplex canescens in Monocultures and Mixtures
Creators: name: Escobar, Oscar Luis Prado
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1983

description: This study evaluated the early establishment phase of various monocultures and mixed species plantings of Agropyron desertorum (AGDE), Medicago sativa (MESA), and Atriplex canescens (ATCA). The study was conducted under both greenhouse and field conditions. In the green-house, the experimental design was a split-plot, randomized-block design in time, using transplanted seedlings. The treatments were exposed to three water levels to determine species response to varying moisture availability. Plastic pots of 15.4 cm (diameter) by 17.9 cm (depth) were filled with 2,800 g of sandy-loam soil and brought to field capacity. The pots were weighted twice weekly and the water lost to evapotranspiration was replaced. The plants were measured for plant height on six occasions at two week intervals. On the last measurement date, plants were harvested for above-and-below ground biomass.
The field used the species treatment as in the greenhouse study and these were hand sown in 1 m2 plots. Using a line-source sprinkler system, species responses at four water levels were examined. Soil water content in the various field plots was determined at various depths via access tubes and a neutron soil moisture probe. The experimental design was a split-plot design in time. Seedling emergence was recorded daily for the first 35 days after seeding. Plant height was measured six times during the growing season. All the species were clipped, oven-dried, and weighed at the end of the experimental period in 1982.
In the greenhouse, AGDE was the dominant species, yet produced more in the MESA combination. MESA exhibited a marked decrease in production when grown with AGDE. ATCA showed a remarkable ability to survive under high water stress.
Variable soil water content created in the field resulted in significant differences in germination, emergence, and establishment among planting treatments. MESA germinated and emerged faster than AGDE and ATCA, allowing it to utilize water and nutrient resources earlier than the competing species. The greatest shoot production occurred when MESA grew alone. In the AGDE-MESA combination, shading apparently reduced AGDE growth and shoot production at the two most favorable water levels. ATCA exhibited poor germination and emergence in treatments with low soil water availability.
Thermodynamically consistent flocking: From discontinuous to continuous transitions
Creators: name: Agranov, Tal
name: Jack, Robert L.
name: Cates, Michael E.
name: Fodor, Étienne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a family of lattice-gas models of flocking, whose thermodynamically consistent dynamics admits a proper equilibrium limit at vanishing self-propulsion. These models are amenable to an exact coarse-graining which allows us to study their hydrodynamic behavior analytically. We show that the equilibrium limit here belongs to the universality class of Model C, and that it generically exhibits tricritical behavior. Self-propulsion has a non-perturbative effect on the phase diagram, yielding novel phase behaviors depending on the type of aligning interactions. For aligning interactions that increase monotonically with the density, the tricritical point diverges to infinite density reproducing the standard scenario of a discontinuous flocking transition accompanied by traveling bands. In contrast, for models where the aligning interaction is non-monotonic in density, the system can exhibit either (the nonequilibrium counterpart of) an azeotropic point, associated with a continuous flocking transition, or a state with counterpropagating bands.
Nonunique C operator in PT Quantum Mechanics
Creators: name: Bender, Carl M.
name: Klevansky, S. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The three simultaneous algebraic equations, $C^2=1$, $[C,PT]=0$, $[C,H]=0$, which determine the $C$ operator for a non-Hermitian $PT$-symmetric Hamiltonian $H$, are shown to have a nonunique solution. Specifically, the $C$ operator for the Hamiltonian $H={1/2}p^2+{1/2}μ^2q^2+iεq^3$ is determined perturbatively to first order in $ε$ and it is demonstrated that the $C$ operator contains an infinite number of arbitrary parameters. For each different $C$ operator, the corresponding equivalent isospectral Dirac-Hermitian Hamiltonian $h$ is calculated.
description: 10 pages, 1 figure
Extreme multiplicity in cylindrical Rayleigh-Bénard convection: I. Time-dependence and oscillations
Creators: name: Borońska, Katarayna
name: Tuckerman, Laurette S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Rayleigh-Benard convection in a cylindrical container can take on many different spatial forms. Motivated by the results of Hof, Lucas and Mullin [Phys. Fluids 11, 2815 (1999)], who observed coexistence of several stable states at a single set of parameter values, we have carried out simulations at the same Prandtl number, that of water, and radius-to-height aspect ratio of two. We have used two kinds of thermal boundary conditions: perfectly insulating sidewalls and perfectly conducting sidewalls. In both cases we obtain a wide variety of coexisting steady and time-dependent flows.
Few-shot learning for COVID-19 Chest X-Ray Classification with Imbalanced Data: An Inter vs. Intra Domain Study
Creators: name: Galán-Cuenca, Alejandro
name: Gallego, Antonio Javier
name: Saval-Calvo, Marcelo
name: Pertusa, Antonio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Medical image datasets are essential for training models used in computer-aided diagnosis, treatment planning, and medical research. However, some challenges are associated with these datasets, including variability in data distribution, data scarcity, and transfer learning issues when using models pre-trained from generic images. This work studies the effect of these challenges at the intra- and inter-domain level in few-shot learning scenarios with severe data imbalance. For this, we propose a methodology based on Siamese neural networks in which a series of techniques are integrated to mitigate the effects of data scarcity and distribution imbalance. Specifically, different initialization and data augmentation methods are analyzed, and four adaptations to Siamese networks of solutions to deal with imbalanced data are introduced, including data balancing and weighted loss, both separately and combined, and with a different balance of pairing ratios. Moreover, we also assess the inference process considering four classifiers, namely Histogram, $k$NN, SVM, and Random Forest. Evaluation is performed on three chest X-ray datasets with annotated cases of both positive and negative COVID-19 diagnoses. The accuracy of each technique proposed for the Siamese architecture is analyzed separately and their results are compared to those obtained using equivalent methods on a state-of-the-art CNN. We conclude that the introduced techniques offer promising improvements over the baseline in almost all cases, and that the selection of the technique may vary depending on the amount of data available and the level of imbalance.
description: Submited to Pattern Analysis and Applications
title: Autoecology of the Ruderal Weed Heterotheca grandiflora With Emphasis on Germination Dimorphism
Creators: name: Flint, Stephan Dexter
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1977

description: Weedy species, as they occupy diverse and unpredictable environments, are expected to possess considerable variability in numerous characteristics, including germination. The visually dimorphic achenes of Heterotheca grandiflora Nutt. (Asteraceae) were tested for potentially adaptive differences in their germination, the establishment of the resulting seedlings, and the relative production of the two achene types.
Achenes produced by the disc florets are adapted for dispersal and rapid germination while the ray florets produce smaller achenes lacking a dispersal mechanism, but possessing a more sophisticated physiological system capable of regulating germination. Ray achene germination rates were significantly influenced by different soil surfaces while disc achene germination rates were not. Further, ray achenes {protected by a thicker seed coat) may remain in enforced dormancy until conditions become appropriate for germination.
Under continuously favorable conditions, seedlings from early germinating disc achenes will dominate a mixed stand and suppress those from later germinating ray achenes. An initially unpredictable environment will eliminate disc seedlings and permit the more dormant ray achenes to germinate in an environment of reduced competition.
Limited tests suggest a greater proportion of the smaller and energetically cheaper ray achenes may be produced when resources are scarce due to drought stress.
These germination characteristics are only one aspect of this taxon's developmental plasticity. The ability to act as an annual or biennial, flower in the rosette stage, and produce seed in great numbers under favorable conditions have all acted together with the germination characteristics to help preadapt this plant for its weedy spread from its original southern California range.
Schopenhauer: an evaluation of his theory of will
Creators: name: Cantwell, AJ
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: The aims of this paper are twofold: firstly, to give the reader a comprehensive- but not exhaustive- understanding of Schopenhauer's theory of will, and, secondly, to elucidate certain problems inherent in this theory. Schopenhauer's epistemology, dual aspect ontology, aesthetics, ethics, and pessimism are explored. Additionally, a cursory exposition of Kant's metaphysics is presented, along with Schopenhauer's critique of this. Possible solutions to problems in his theory are expounded and subsequently critiqued. Most salient of these problems is his identification of the will with the Kantian thing-in-itself. I argue that Schopenhauer's theory of will contradicts the Kantian confines on metaphysical knowledge. Consequently, and in light of his own epistemology, there are serious, if not intractable, problems with his contentions that the will is the Kantian thing-in-itself, and it is knowable.
The Entropy for General Extremal Black Holes
Creators: name: Mei, Jianwei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the Kerr/CFT correspondence to calculate the entropy for all known extremal stationary and axisymmetric black holes. This is done with the help of two ansatzs that are general enough to cover all such known solutions. Considering only the contribution from the Einstein-Hilbert action to the central charge(s), we find that the entropy obtained by using Cardy's formula exactly matches with the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy.
description: Minor corrections, section 5 refined, references added.
Single-Photon-Assisted Two-Photon Polymerization
Creators: name: Unlu, Buse
name: Álvarez-Castaño, Maria Isabel
name: Boniface, Antoine
name: Pu, Ye
name: Moser, Christophe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Light-based additive manufacturing (AM) has revolutionized the fabrication of complex three-dimensional (3D) objects offering a cost-effective and high-speed alternative to traditional machining. One-photon polymerization is a key process in this advancement, standing out for rapid printing time, albeit with limited resolution. Two-photon polymerization (2PP) empowers AM with unprecedented resolution but is accompanied by a tradeoff of prolonged printing times. We propose combining the single-photon absorption (1PA) and 2PP to benefit from the dual capabilities, allowing for faster printing while maintaining high resolution and improved depth sectioning, respectively. In this study, we employ a blue light source to pre-excite a photocurable resin by 1PA followed by a precisely focused femtosecond (fs) beam to provide the missing energy necessary to reach the polymerization threshold to solidify the resin through two-photon absorption. First, we investigate the impact of pre-sensitization by blue light illumination on 2PP and demonstrate one order of magnitude faster printing time for a voxel size of 150 nm as compared to the same voxel size printed by 2PP only. Then, we build a custom 2PP printer utilizing blue light sensitization in a light-sheet mode and demonstrate successful 3D prints.
description: 18 pages, 11 figures
title: Remote Sensing of Sagebrush Community Structural Patterns Across Scales
Creators: name: Langs, Lisa A.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2004

description: Throughout the Intermountain West there has been a substantial reduction in both the quantity and quality of sagebrush ecosystems. To assist current range management objectives, numerous efforts have been made to classify and map sagebrush communities using remotely sensed data. However, the amount of detail provided by these broad-scale mapping projects is often limited. This research evaluated the ability of a suite of airborne and satellite imagery to detect sagebrush community structural attributes, specifically percent canopy cover, live cover, density, size-vigor, and spatial arrangement of shrubs. Field data was collected at Camp Williams National Guard Training Facility near Bluffdale, Utah, within a Wyoming big sagebrush community. High-resolution color infrared (CIR) aerial photography, panchromatic, and multi-spectral satellite imagery, including data from Orb image, IKO OS, and Landsat ETM+, were used. Comparisons were made based on the inherent spatial and spectral properties of each image. In addition to the traditional pixel-based method for classifying imagery, a relatively new object-oriented approach to measure sagebrush cover was also explored.
Results indicate that the quantification of sagebrush cover can be done fairly accurately in mid-level canopy cover areas regardless of the imagery used. Confidence in the cover estimates did diminish slightly in areas where sagebrush cover was relatively sparse or extremely dense. Not all structural variables were quantifiable using the coarser imagery, due to constraints of spatial resolution. In these instances the 0.3-meter CIR imagery was exemplified. The object-oriented approach enabled an automatic delineation of the range of variability within sagebrush stands and provided an interesting alternative to measuring sagebrush community structural attributes when compared with the more traditional pixel-based approach.
This research was intended to provide a resource for anyone working wi thin sagebrush ecosystems, including rangeland managers, wildlife biologists, or other remote sensors, specifically when decisions related to the appropriate selection of remotely sensed data for some intended management application is necessary. The evaluation of wildlife habitat for sagebrush-obligate species, the direction of fire management strategies and restoration efforts, and the identification of appropriate grazing areas are only a few of the potential applications of this work
title: Age and Growth of the Utah Chub, Gila atraria (Girard), in Panguitch Lake and Navajo Lake, Utah, From Scales and Opercular Bones
Creators: name: Neuhold, John M.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1954

description: Previous literature indicates the opercular bone as a useful tool for the determination of age and growth of fish. The reliability and validity of this method is tested for two populations of Utah chub. Age and growth are calculated for 222 Utah chub collected from Panguitch Lake and 212 Utah chub collected from Navajo Lake, southern Utah, in 1952-1953 from both scales and opercular bones. Scales are measured with the aid of a projector. Opercular bones are measured directly. The center of growth of the opercular bone is posterior to the posterior lip of the fulcrum. Correction for curvature is necessary in opercular bone measurements. The body-scale relationships for both populations are linear. The body-opercular bone relationships for both populations are slightly curvilinear. Agreement of dominant age classes for successive years, agreement of empirical length-frequency modes of young fish with calculated length-frequency modes of lower age classes, agreement of ages as indicated by scales and opercular bones, agreement of age with sexually immature fish and an increase in length with an increase in age are accepted as evidence for both methods. Opercular bones have less variation for calculated lengths in older age classes while the scales have less variation in the younger age classes. The scale method is a generally more efficient method for determining the age and growth of the Utah chub.
title: The Effect of Limited Moisture Supply at Various Stages of Growth on the Development and Production of Hybrid Corn
Creators: name: Campbell, Ralph E.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1954

description: Corn occupies from 25 to 30 percent of the crop land harvested in the United States. In recent years the acreage devoted to corn in this country has been decidedly greater than that devoted to any other cultivated crop. In 1944 its dollar value exceeded the combined values of wheat, barley, rye, grain sorghums, and cotton.
Although South Dakota lies on the northwestern fringe of the corn belt, the corn crop is one of the most important in that state. Corn production in that area is somewhat unstable because of drought. Corn often fails to reach full maturity before the first frost in the fall. This is particularly true when frost comes unseasonably early.
An irrigation project has been proposed for the James River Basin Area of South Dakota. It is a part of the Missouri River Basin Development Project. The introduction of irrigation into this area can somewhat lessen the dangers of drought and early frost. Moisture requirements of the corn crop can be met by proper water applications. In this way the threat of crop failure as a result of drought can be reduced. The corn maturity can be hastened through correct land management and irrigation practices, thus alleviating the danger of early frost.
Very little information is available regarding the management of corn grown under irrigation in the Northern Great Plains Region. The problems associated with corn production are peculiar to that area. More complete information is needed concerning the specific needs of the corn crop in the James River Basin.
The work reported here shows some of the relationships between the development and growth of corn and soil moisture supply. The objectives of the study were twofold: to determine the periods of corn development in which abundant moisture is most critical, and to determine the effects of a limited moisture supply at various growth stages upon the development and production of hybrid corn. The results of field and greenhouse studies are reported.
Mass measurements in the $^{132}$Sn region with the JYFLTRAP double Penning trap mass spectrometer
Creators: name: Beliuskina, O.
name: Nesterenko, D. A.
name: Jaries, A.
name: Stryjczyk, M.
name: Kankainen, A.
name: Canete, L.
name: de Groote, R. P.
name: Delafosse, C.
name: Eronen, T.
name: Ge, Z.
name: Geldhof, S.
name: Gins, W.
name: Hukkanen, M.
name: Jokinen, A.
name: Moore, I. D.
name: Mougeot, M.
name: Nikas, S.
name: Penttilä, H.
name: Pohjalainen, I.
name: Raggio, A.
name: Reponen, M.
name: Rinta-Antila, S.
name: de Roubin, A.
name: Ruotsalainen, J.
name: Vilen, M.
name: Virtanen, V.
name: Zadvornaya, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on new precision mass measurements of neutron-rich $^{137}$Sb and $^{136-142}$I isotopes from the JYFLTRAP double Penning trap mass spectrometer. We confirm the value from the previous Penning-trap measurement of $^{137}$Sb at the Canadian Penning Trap and therefore rule out the conflicting result from the Experimental Storage Ring. The ground state and isomer in $^{136}$I were resolved and measured directly for the first time. The isomer excitation energy, $E_x = 215.1(43)$ keV, agrees with the literature but is three times more precise. The measurements have improved the precision of the mass values and confirmed previous results in the majority of cases. However, for $^{138,140}$I the results differ by 17(6) keV and 23(12) keV, respectively. This could be explained by an unresolved contamination or different ratio of unresolved isomeric states in the case of $^{140}$I.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures
Production and purification of L-lactic acid in lab and pilot scales using sweet sorghum juice
Creators: name: Olszewska-Widdrat, A.
name: Alexandri, M.
name: López-Gómez, J.P.
name: Schneider, R.
name: Mandl, M.
name: Venus, J.
Publisher: name: Basel : MDPI AG
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Bacillus coagulans
subject: Downstream
subject: Fermentation
subject: Lactic acid
subject: Sweet sorghum juice
subject: 570

description: Sweet sorghum juice (SSJ) was evaluated as fermentation substrate for the production of l-lactic acid. A thermophilic Bacillus coagulans isolate was selected for batch fermentations without the use of additional nutrients. The first batch of SSJ (Batch A) resulted on higher lactic acid concentration, yield and productivity with values of 78.75 g·L−1, 0.78 g·g−1 and 1.77 g·L−1 h−1, respectively. Similar results were obtained when the process was transferred into the pilot scale (50 L), with corresponding values of 73 g·L−1, 0.70 g·g−1 and 1.47 g·L−1 h−1. A complete downstream process scheme was developed in order to separate lactic acid from the fermentation components. Coarse and ultra-filtration were employed as preliminary separation steps. Mono- and bipolar electrodialysis, followed by chromatography and vacuum evaporation were subsequently carried out leading to a solution containing 905.8 g·L−1 lactic acid, with an optical purity of 98.9%. The results of this study highlight the importance of the downstream process with respect to using SSJ for lactic acid production. The proposed downstream process constitutes a more environmentally benign approach to conventional precipitation methods.
title: Simulation of the Dynamics of Erodible Streams
Creators: name: Sakhan, Kousoum S.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1972

description: The movement of translatory waves over an erodible stream has a critical influence on the time of rise of the hydrograph which, in turn, affects the stability of the stream channel. In the present study, the movement of these flood waves is described by the one-dimensional equations of continuity and motion which are obtained by the space integration of the three-dimensional equation of continuity and Reynolds equations. The flow of suspended sediment is described by a one-dimensional dispersion equation which is derived from a three-dimensional equation of conservation of solid mass in the flow. With some modifications the one-dimensional dispersion equation is used to describe the scouring of the stream bed. Then the suspended sediment model is connected to the bed scouring model by a stochastic model which describes the bed load and the sediment transfer between the suspended sediment state and the immobile bed state. The stochastic model consists of a set of nine Kolmogorov differential equations for the probabilities of sediment transfer between different states in which a sediment particle may be.
To obtain a high-accuracy approximation in the solution of the one-dimensional equations of continuity and motion, the one-step Lax-Wendroff numerical scheme is adopted. The Kolmogrov differential equations are solved directly by means of an analog computer. An analytical investigation of the stability of the approximation scheme is performed. The simulation of the model is done on a hybrid computer by incorporating into the entire model various model components and testing the effects of each component on the whole model and on the other components to see its behavior.
title: Residual Nitrogen As it Affects Soil Fertility Under Irrigated Agriculture in a Tropical Wet-Dry Climate
Creators: name: Kidman, Don Carlos
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1975

description: In the Zapotitan Valley near San Andres, El Salvador, Central America, an experiment was conducted to determine the availability of residual soil N to corn grown during the rainy season. This was an extension of an experiment conducted during the preceding dry season. The variables of the dry season experiment were irrigation method, crop, and rate of fertilizer N application. Soil N03-N and NH4-N were determined by soil sample analysis to a soil depth of 120 em by 30 em depth increments. The samples were taken at the end of the dry season experiment and again at harvest time of the wet season experiment. Yield of corn grown during the rainy season was measured. The results indicate the following: (1) soil N03-N alone was an efficient indicator of residual soil N; (2) there was a linear increase of soil N03-N with N applied four months previously at the beginning of the dry season crops; (3) soil sampled to the 30 cm depth was sufficient to estimate availability of the residual N; (4) corn yields increased linearly with the increase of soil N03-N; (5) the measurement of residual soil N03-N can be used as a soil text index in connection with N prediction equations for estimating fertilizer N requirements. The measurements of soil N03-N can, therefore, increase the efficiency of fertilizer use in a wet-dry tropical climate.
The Nature of Justice: A critical evaluation of the nature of Socratic justice in Books I and II of Plato's The Republic
Creators: name: Dale, PH
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: In Books I and II of The Republic, Plato raises the arguments on the nature of intrinsic justice and its manifestations for those that are inherently just. Socrates argues that justice is good in itself, rather than for its consequences. He alludes to a series of analogies to demonstrate that justice is exclusive from its methods. (ibid pp. 332c-333e) He also asserts that justice is good for others and benefits them, by arguing that justice entails the maintenance of others and fundamentally creates unity with all those that participate. (ibid pp. 335d; 339e; 342c; 333c; 351a-352b) Yet, Socrates‚ÄövÑvº detractors object to the Socratic doctrine, and argue that justice is instrumental. (i) Justice is constructed under ‚ÄövÑvªnatural right‚ÄövÑvº and the will of the stronger; (ibid p. 338c) (ii) Justice is merely an appearance. (ibid pp. 359a-b) This is illustrated with the analogy of the moral contract and the intrinsic nature of the unjust; (ibid pp. 359a-b; 366c-d) (iii) Both the just and the unjust would act with injustice where there was no detection of wrong-doing. (ibid pp. 360b-c) This is illustrated by the myth of Gyges of Lydia and a ring that enabled the ring-bearer to become invisible; (ibid pp. 360a-b) (iv) Instrumental justice offers greater happiness than intrinsic justice, due to the freedom of action it entails. (Plato op cit pp. 361a-b) This thesis addresses the question of instrumental justice versus Socratic intrinsic justice. Furthermore, it is argued that justice is instrumental and that Socrates‚ÄövÑvº argument does not demonstrate that intrinsic justice is an actuality.
The onset of warps in Spitzer observations of edge-on spiral galaxies
Creators: name: Saha, Kanak
name: de Jong, Roelof
name: Holwerda, Benne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze warps in the nearby edge-on spiral galaxies observed in the {\em Spitzer/IRAC} 4.5 micron band. In our sample of 24 galaxies we find evidence of warp in 14 galaxies. We estimate the observed onset radii for the warps in a subsample of 10 galaxies. The dark matter distribution in each of these galaxies are calculated using the mass distribution derived from the observed light distribution and the observed rotation curves. The theoretical predictions of the onset radii for the warps are then derived by applying a self-consistent linear response theory to the obtained mass models for 6 galaxies with rotation curves in the literature. By comparing the observed onset radii to the theoretical ones, we find that discs with constant thickness can not explain the observations; moderately flaring discs are needed. The required flaring is consistent with the observations. Our analysis shows that the onset of warp is not symmetric in our sample of galaxies. We define a new quantity called the onset-asymmetry index and study its dependence on galaxy properties. The onset asymmetries in warps tend to be larger in galaxies with smaller disc scale lengths. We also define and quantify the global asymmetry in the stellar light distribution, that we call the edge-on asymmetry in edge-on galaxies. It is shown that in most cases the onset asymmetry in warp is actually anti-correlated with the measured edge-on asymmetry in our sample of edge-on galaxies and this could plausibly indicate that the surrounding dark matter distribution is asymmetric.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS, 25 pages, 12 figures
Bandwidth-induced saturation in multimode fiber-based absorbers
Creators: name: Sulimany, Kfir
name: Halevi, Dotan
name: Gat, Omri
name: Bromberg, Yaron
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Multimode fiber-based saturable absorbers enable mode-locking in lasers, generating ultrafast pulses and providing an exceptional platform for investigating nonlinear phenomena. Previous analyses in the continuous wave (CW) limit showed that saturable absorption can be obtained due to nonlinear interactions between transverse modes. We find experimentally that saturable absorption can be achieved thanks to the interplay of single-mode fiber nonlinearity and the wavelength-dependent linear transmission of the multimode fiber, even with negligible intermodal nonlinearities. We further show that even when intermodal nonlinearities are significant, the CW analysis may not be sufficient for long multimode fibers. Understanding the underlying mechanisms of multimode fiber-based saturable absorbers opens new possibilities for developing programmable devices for ultrafast control.
Professional isolation & independence of bush nurses in Tasmania 1910-1957 'We were very much individuals on our own'
Creators: name: Bardenhagen, ME
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: This is a thesis about the lives and roles of women who were Tasmanian Bush Nurses, who engaged in a facet of nursing that originated in 1910 and eventually was renamed District Nursing in 1957. The Bush Nursing Service provided nursing care to the populations of rural townships, the surrounding countryside and bush in a period of Tasmanian history when road transport and communications necessitated the nurse to operate with little dayto-day supervision and support. From a variety of public and private sources and in-depth interviews this thesis explores the twin themes of female professional isolation and independence. It demonstrates the dynamic nature of lived experience as the society in which the nurse lived and worked changed.
title: Motor Carrier Drug and Alcohol Violations: Comparison of Compliance Review Data from SafeStat Selected Carriers and a Random Sample of Carriers
Creators: name: Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration
Publisher: name: Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/01jt5mq34
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2000
Subjects: classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/91993
subject: Motor carriers
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/90891
subject: Alcohol tests
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/90890
subject: Drug tests

description: There has been interest in the extent to which motor carriers are in compliance with Part 382 of the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Regulations (Controlled Substances and Alcohol Use Testing), as well as the extent to which the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration's compliance review selection software, known as SafeStat (Safety Status), captures noncompliant carriers. To address this issue, a random sample of motor carriers was selected in 1997 for special "drug and alcohol" compliance reviews (focusing solely on compliance with Part 382). These reviews were conducted during the latter half of 1997 and in 1998. The results from this random sample were then compared to data collected from motor carriers recently targeted for review by SafeStat. The methodology and findings are presented in this Analysis Brief.
A conversion between utility and information
Creators: name: Ortega, Pedro A.
name: Braun, Daniel A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Rewards typically express desirabilities or preferences over a set of alternatives. Here we propose that rewards can be defined for any probability distribution based on three desiderata, namely that rewards should be real-valued, additive and order-preserving, where the latter implies that more probable events should also be more desirable. Our main result states that rewards are then uniquely determined by the negative information content. To analyze stochastic processes, we define the utility of a realization as its reward rate. Under this interpretation, we show that the expected utility of a stochastic process is its negative entropy rate. Furthermore, we apply our results to analyze agent-environment interactions. We show that the expected utility that will actually be achieved by the agent is given by the negative cross-entropy from the input-output (I/O) distribution of the coupled interaction system and the agent's I/O distribution. Thus, our results allow for an information-theoretic interpretation of the notion of utility and the characterization of agent-environment interactions in terms of entropy dynamics.
description: AGI-2010. 6 pages, 1 figure
title: Geology of Southern Part of the James Peak Quadrangle, Utah
Creators: name: Blau, Jan G.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1975

description: The mapped area, in north-central Utah, is centered about 22.6 miles south of Logan, Utah. It measures about 3.8 miles in the north-south direction and 6.6 miles in the east-west direction. Stratigraphic units of Precambrian and Cambrian age underline most of the area. The Precambrian units are as follows: (1) Maple Canyon Formation, (2) Kelley Canyon Formation, (3) Orthoquartzite unit, (4) Argillite unit, (5) Mutual Formation, and (6) Volcanic unit. The Brigham Formation, which overlies the Precambrian volcanic unit, is probably of Cambrian age; however, the lower part may be Precambrian. The overlying Cambrian carbonate unit is not differentiated. The Salt Lake Formation of Tertiary age overlaps older rocks in the valley north of James Peak.
The western part of James Peak, east of a major normal fault, consists of east-dipping Precambrian units. The oldest unit, which crops out on the eastern side of Broadmouth Canyon, is the Maple Canyon Formation. The rocks of the eastern part of James Peak also dip generally eastward. A continuous stratigraphic section extends from the Kelley Canyon Formation, exposed in Wolf Creek Canyon, northeastward to the Brigham Formation. The Cambrian carbonate unit seems to overlie the Brigham in normal stratigraphic succession. A thrust fault, which has about 1,000 feet of displacement, is present on the eastern side of James Peak. Another thrust fault, on the southeastern side of James Peak, places the Cambrian carbonate unit on Precambrian units. A block of the Brigham Formation, near the southeastern corner of the area, is thrust over the carbonate unit and the Brigham.
The thrust faulting is part of the Laramide Orogeny that occurred late in the Mesozoic Era and early in the Teritary Period. Movement was generally eastward. Normal faulting began early in the Tertiary Period and continues at the present time.