cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Ajustamento ao Teste de Predisposição Genética para o Cancro: O Papel da Regulação Emocional e do Suporte Social
Creators: name: Gomes, Pedro
name: Matos, Paula Mena
name: Silva, Eunice
name: Silva, João
name: Sales, Célia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: Resumo Introdução/Objetivos: O teste de predisposição genética para o cancro (TPGC) constitui uma fonte de sofrimento psicológico para algumas pessoas. Investigação anterior tem mostrado que a supressão emocional (forma de regulação emocional caracterizada pelo evitamento e tentativa de controlo da expressão emocional) contribui para maior sofrimento psicológico. Por outro lado, o suporte social (perceção de ser cuidado, ter ajuda e fazer parte de uma rede de apoio) pode ajudar a reduzir o sofrimento psicológico face ao teste genético. Este estudo pretende compreender os mecanismos pelos quais a supressão emocional e o apoio social afetam o sofrimento psicológico face ao TPGC. Especificamente, pretendemos testar se a supressão emocional desempenha um papel mediador nesta relação. Métodos: Participaram 84 utentes (75% mulheres), com uma idade média de 34.47 (DP = 12.42), saudáveis, que realizaram TPGC para avaliar a presença de síndrome de cancro hereditário de mama e ovário, síndrome de cancro gástrico difuso hereditário, síndrome de Lynch e Síndrome hereditário de Polipose Adenomatosa Familiar. Após a primeira consulta de aconselhamento oncogenético, os candidatos preencheram a subescala de supressão emocional do Questionário de Regulação Emocional (ERQ), o Questionário Multidimensional de Perceção de Suporte Social (MSPSS) e a Escala de Impacto de Eventos (IES). Procedeu-se a uma análise de mediação utilizando o método de bootstrapping, considerando a supressão emocional (ERQ) como variável mediadora entre a perceção de suporte social (MSPSS) e o sofrimento psicológico (IES). Resultados: Os resultados mostram um efeito mediador da supressão emocional na relação entre a perceção de suporte social e o sofrimento psicológico (e = - 2,6863). Isto é, quando o participante perceciona que não pode contar com o apoio da sua família e dos seus amigos tende a inibir a sua expressão emocional, o que resulta num maior sofrimento psicológico. Conclusões: A supressão emocional é uma variável determinante, que explica os efeitos da perceção de suporte social no sofrimento psicológico após o teste de predisposição genética para cancro. Estes resultados destacam a importância de intervenções psicológicas no sentido de estimular formas mais produtivas de regulação emocional.
description: Poster reconhecido com o prémio de "Melhor Poster" da categoria "Outros" No 17º Congresso Nacional de Oncologia.
On the possibility of rho-meson condensation in neutron stars
Creators: name: Mallick, Ritam
name: Schramm, Stefan
name: Dexheimer, Veronica
name: Bhattacharyya, Abhijit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The possibility of meson condensation in stars and in heavy-ion collisions has been discussed in the past. Here, we study whether rho meson condensation ($ρ^{-}$) can occur in very dense matter and determine the effect of strong magnetic fields on this condensation. We find that rho meson condensates can appear in the core of the neutron star assuming a rho mass which is reduced due to in-medium effects. We find that the magnetic field has a non-negligible effect in triggering condensation.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures
Absorption and pharmacokinetic studies of melatonin using polymer-coated drug delivery systems
Creators: name: Moroni, Irene
Publisher: name: Macquarie University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Other education not elsewhere classified

description: Sleep disorders affect a large portion of the population. Only in Australia 46% of adults were diagnosed with a sleep disorder in 2016. Among the different treatments, melatonin is a natural and safe option, already sold in a variety of formulations. Despite its large use, the actual benefit of melatonin in aiding the treatment of sleep disorders is not clear due to its variable efficacy in clinical studies. This may be related to another more fundamental aspect that has not been systematically studied, its pharmacokinetics. In this thesis, a systematic review on the relation of melatonin formulations with pharmacokinetics and sleep outcomes was performed, concluding that sublingual and transdermal formulations have the potential to increase melatonin bioavailability. Moreover, for oral administration a combination of fast and controlled release formulations may help in controlling the time necessary for melatonin concentration to reach its maximum in blood, Tmax. Topical and buccal administration routes delay melatonin Cmax in blood. Two melatonin formulations were designed for oral and sublingual administration. In both formulations, melatonin is confined inside mesoporous silica particles. The mesopores were capped using polymers: cellulose acetate phthalate (CAP) for the oral, and poly(ethylene) oxide (PEO) for the sublingual formulation. Dissolution experiments show a delay of melatonin release and a decrease in the rate for the oral formulation in simulated gastric fluid (pH 1.2) and the sublingual formulation in simulated saliva fluid (pH 6.8). In vitro experiments conducted in a Caco-2 cell model mimicking the intestinal barrier suggest that the presence of CAP in the oral formulation slows down the absorption of melatonin through the intestinal barrier and increases its enzymatic degradation via the cytochrome P450 enzymatic 6-hydroxylation route. An in vivo study performed in Sprague Dawley rats using exogenous deuterated melatonin in the formulations, reveals a significant variability in the production of endogenous melatonin among rats and a low bioavailability of exogenous melatonin for all test formulations at 10 mg/kg doses. At these levels there was no significant effect on the melatonin concentration in plasma nor in the brain. Overall, this thesis explores melatonin absorption, enzymatic metabolism and bioavailability. These results will contribute to better dosing and formulation design for the treatment of sleep disorders.
Block matching algorithm for motion estimation based on Artificial Bee Colony (ABC)
Creators: name: Cuevas, Erik
name: Zaldivar, Daniel
name: Perez, Marco
name: Sossa, Humberto
name: Osuna, Valentin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Block matching (BM) motion estimation plays a very important role in video coding. In a BM approach, image frames in a video sequence are divided into blocks. For each block in the current frame, the best matching block is identified inside a region of the previous frame, aiming to minimize the sum of absolute differences (SAD). Unfortunately, the SAD evaluation is computationally expensive and represents the most consuming operation in the BM process. Therefore, BM motion estimation can be approached as an optimization problem, where the goal is to find the best matching block within a search space. The simplest available BM method is the full search algorithm (FSA) which finds the most accurate motion vector through an exhaustive computation of SAD values for all elements of the search window. Recently, several fast BM algorithms have been proposed to reduce the number of SAD operations by calculating only a fixed subset of search locations at the price of poor accuracy. In this paper, a new algorithm based on Artificial Bee Colony (ABC) optimization is proposed to reduce the number of search locations in the BM process. In our algorithm, the computation of search locations is drastically reduced by considering a fitness calculation strategy which indicates when it is feasible to calculate or only estimate new search locations. Since the proposed algorithm does not consider any fixed search pattern or any other movement assumption as most of other BM approaches do, a high probability for finding the true minimum (accurate motion vector) is expected. Conducted simulations show that the proposed method achieves the best balance over other fast BM algorithms, in terms of both estimation accuracy and computational cost.
description: 22 Pages. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1405.4721, arXiv:1406.4484
Chameleon gravity and satellite geodesy
Creators: name: Morris, J. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the possibility of the detection of a chameleon effect by an earth orbiting satellite such as LAGEOS, and possible constraints that might be placed on chameleon model parameters. Approximate constraints presented here result from using a simple monopole approximation for the gravitational field of the earth, along with results from the Khoury-Weltman chameleon model, solar system constraints obtained from the Cassini mission, and parameter bounds obtained from the LAGEOS satellite. It is furthermore suggested that a comparison of ground-based and space-based multipole moments of the geopotential could reveal a possible chameleon effect.
description: 13 pages; to appear in Astrophys.Space Sci
Analyzing the association between crude oil price volatility and economic growth in OECD economies
Creators: name: Kumari, Reenu
name: Singh, Sunil Kumar
name: Vig, Shinu
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: This research has sought to determine how the crude oil price volatility (COPV) relates to economic growth (EG) using the case of the OECD countries between 2000 and 2022. Therefore, this article employs various panel data estimation strategies: random effect regression, fixed effect regression, dynamic panel data estimation, one-step system GMM and dynamic panel data estimation; two-step system GMM. The chosen time domain consists of oil-producing and consuming major countries within the OECD. The key findings of the study suggest that COPV has adverse effects on the growth of OECD economies. This would consequently mean that the knowledge of how volatility in crude oil prices (COPs) could affect very influential economic performance is of paramount importance and might bring out certain vital challenges that could be brought up by oil market volatility. The article ends with a few policy suggestions that may assist in mitigating the adverse impact of exogenous, unpredictable fluctuations in oil prices on the EG of the countries of the OECD. This research provides critical insights into the relationship between crude oil price volatility (COPV) and economic growth (EG) within OECD countries, offering significant contributions to macroeconomic theory and policy formulation. By employing robust panel data estimation techniques, including dynamic panel data analysis and system GMM, the study examines the adverse effects of COPV on the economic performance of both oil-exporting and oil-importing nations over a 23-year period. The findings are particularly relevant for policymakers in oil-dependent economies, where economic stability is more vulnerable to oil price fluctuations. The research challenges traditional economic models by highlighting the asymmetric and nuanced nature of oil price effects, emphasizing the need for tailored risk management strategies and macroeconomic policies to mitigate the unpredictable impacts of COPV on growth. The theoretical advancements made in understanding the complex interplay between oil prices, COPV, and economic growth extends the existing knowledge in macroeconomics, international trade, and econometrics. These insights can be leveraged to enhance economic resilience in the face of volatile global oil markets.
Using Human Hair To Grow Plants (Sunflowers/Garlic)
Creators: name: Daniell, Luke
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Using
Human Hair
Human
Hair
Alternative
To
Soil

description: A brief overview into growing plants with human hair instead of soil, and the capabilities/advantages of using this as well as if this is possible. All done without prior research, just had the idea in my head and went along with it. It is indeed possible to grow plants using human hair, I have included images to show this.
Shocks in dense clouds. IV. Effects of grain-grain processing on molecular line emission
Creators: name: Anderl, S.
name: Guillet, V.
name: Forêts, G. Pineau des
name: Flower, D. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Grain-grain processing has been shown to be an indispensable ingredient of shock modelling in high density environments. For densities higher than \sim10^5 cm-3, shattering becomes a self-enhanced process that imposes severe chemical and dynamical consequences on the shock characteristics. Shattering is accompanied by the vaporization of grains, which can directly release SiO to the gas phase. Given that SiO rotational line radiation is used as a major tracer of shocks in dense clouds, it is crucial to understand the influence of vaporization on SiO line emission. We have developed a recipe for implementing the effects of shattering and vaporization into a 2-fluid shock model, resulting in a reduction of computation time by a factor \sim100 compared to a multi-fluid modelling approach. This implementation was combined with an LVG-based modelling of molecular line radiation transport. Using this model we calculated grids of shock models to explore the consequences of different dust-processing scenarios. Grain-grain processing is shown to have a strong influence on C-type shocks for a broad range of magnetic fields: they become hotter and thinner. The reduction in column density of shocked gas lowers the intensity of molecular lines, at the same time as higher peak temperatures increase the intensity of highly excited transitions compared to shocks without grain-grain processing. For OH the net effect is an increase in line intensities, while for CO and H2O it is the contrary. The intensity of H2 emission is decreased in low transitions and increased for highly excited lines. For all molecules, the highly excited lines become sensitive to the value of the magnetic field. Although vaporization increases the intensity of SiO rotational lines, this effect is weakened by the reduced shock width. The release of SiO early in the hot shock changes the excitation characteristics of SiO radiation.
description: Published in Astronomy and Astrophysics (2013). 26 pages, 16 figures, 14 tables
Quantum bubble defects in the lowest Landau level crystal
Creators: name: Archer, Alexander C.
name: Jain, Jainendra K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A longstanding puzzle for the lowest Landau level crystal phase has been an order of magnitude discrepancy between the theoretically calculated energy of the defects and the measured activation gap. We perform an extensive study of various kinds of defects in the correlated composite fermion crystal and find that the lowest energy defect is a six-fold symmetric "hyper-correlated bubble interstitial," in which an interstitial particle forms a strongly correlated bound state with a particle of the crystal. The energy of the bubble defect is a factor of $\sim$3 smaller than that of the lowest energy defect in a Hartree-Fock crystal. The anomalously low activation energies measured in transport experiments are thus a signature of the unusual quantum nature of the crystal and its defects.
description: 5 pages
title: Mathematical Pluralism: Constructive Mathematics and Economic Theory
Creators: name: Steins, Stefan Arno
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: allgemeines Gleichgewicht
subject: Berechenbarkeit
subject: Bishop
subject: Brouwer
subject: Carnap
subject: Fixpunktsatz
subject: Intuitionistische Logik
subject: Konstruktive Mathematik
subject: konstruktiver Beweis
subject: LLPO
subject: LPO
subject: Mathematischer Pluralismus
subject: Mikroökonomie
subject: Ökonomische Theorie
subject: wissenschaftliche Erklärung
subject: wissenschaftliches Modell
subject: Bishop
subject: Brouwer
subject: Carnap
subject: computability
subject: constructive mathematics
subject: constructive proof
subject: economic theory
subject: fixed point theorem
subject: general equilibrium
subject: intuitionistic logic
subject: LLPO
subject: LPO
subject: mathematical pluralism
subject: microeconomics
subject: scientific explanation
subject: scientific model
subject: 100 Philosophie, Parapsychologie und Okkultismus, Psychologie
subject: 510 Mathematik
subject: CC 2600

description: Wir schlagen eine praxisorientierte Explikation der philosophischen Position des Mathematischen Pluralismus vor. Dieser Position zufolge existieren mehr als ein legitimes mathematisches System. Wir interpretieren 'legitim' als 'geeignet zur Realisierung wissenschaftlicher Ziele' und wenden die resultierende pluralistische Position auf die Mathematische Ökonomie an. Wir präsentieren ein begriffliches Rahmenwerk, in dem pluralistische Thesen formuliert und evaluiert werden können, stellen ein informelles System der Konstruktiven Mathematik als Alternative zur Klassischen Mathematik vor, und zeigen, dass verschiedene ökonomische Theoreme nicht konstruktiv beweisbar sind. Auf dieser Basis argumentieren wir, dass Pluralismus relativ zu Zielen mit Bezug zu Erklärung und Simplizität in der Ökonomie vorliegt.
description: We propose a practice-oriented explication of the philosophical position known as mathematical pluralism. According to this position there is more than one legitimate mathematical system. We interpret 'legitimate' as 'suitable for realizing scientific goals' and apply the resultant pluralist position to mathematical economics. We present a conceptual framework within which pluralist theses can be formulated and evaluated, introduce an informal system of constructive mathematics as an alternative to classical mathematics, and show that central theorems of economic equilibrium theory are not constructively provable. On this basis, we argue that pluralism obtains with respect to goals related to explanation and simplicity in economics.
Universal chaotic dynamics from Krylov space
Creators: name: Erdmenger, Johanna
name: Jian, Shao-Kai
name: Xian, Zhuo-Yu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Krylov complexity measures the spread of the wavefunction in the Krylov basis, which is constructed using the Hamiltonian and an initial state. We investigate the evolution of the maximally entangled state in the Krylov basis for both chaotic and non-chaotic systems. For this purpose, we derive an Ehrenfest theorem for the Krylov complexity, which reveals its close relation to the spectrum. Our findings suggest that neither the linear growth nor the saturation of Krylov complexity is necessarily associated with chaos. However, for chaotic systems, we observe a universal rise-slope-ramp-plateau behavior in the transition probability from the initial state to one of the Krylov basis states. Moreover, a long ramp in the transition probability is a signal for spectral rigidity, characterizing quantum chaos. Also, this ramp is directly responsible for the late-time peak of Krylov complexity observed in the literature. On the other hand, for non-chaotic systems, this long ramp is absent. Therefore, our results help to clarify which features of the wave function time evolution in Krylov space characterize chaos. We exemplify this by considering the Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev model with two-body or four-body interactions.
description: 40+26 pages, 19 figures, major revision, published version
Systematic analysis of the nuclear absorption effect on the cross section of the knockout reaction
Creators: name: Shim, Sang-In
name: Yoshida, Kazuki
name: Ogata, Kazuyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent studies on nucleon and alpha knockout reactions have shown that the distorted-wave impulse approximation (DWIA) is a simple and accurate method to describe these reactions. As it has been argued for decades, the nuclear absorption is one of the most important ingredients of the DWIA calculation. In this work, we systematically investigate the absorption effects on the cross sections of the nucleon and alpha knockout reactions. To do this, we calculate the ratio of the cross sections of the DWIA and plane-wave impulse approximation (PWIA) and examine its dependence on the mass number and single-particle orbital of the knocked-out particles. We will discuss the specific characteristics of the absorption effect for each reaction.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
Additional file 1 of Early sexual initiation and risky sexual practices among alcohol- and tobacco-using young adults in Taiwan: mediation analysis of preceding-sex use of illicit drugs
Creators: name: Wu, Tat Leong
name: Te-Tien Ting
name: Chen, Chuan-Yu
name: Lien-Wen Su
name: Chen, Wei J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Methods. Supplementary Results. Table S1. Weighted multivariable logistic regression models of multiple sexual partners, casual sex, group sex, and rare condom use on early sexual initiation among alcohol- and tobacco-using young adults in Taipei metropolitan area recruited using RDS during 2007–2010 (N = 916). Table S2. Condom use (in original options) among sexually experienced alcohol- and tobacco-using young adults in Taiwan recruited using RDS during 2007–2010, by gender and sexual initiation (N = 916). Table S3. Relations of sexual partners and relationship status to condom use (in original options) among sexually experienced alcohol- and tobacco-using young adults in Taiwan recruited using RDS during 2007–2010, by gender (N = 916). Table S4. Relations of sexual partners and relationship status to condom use (in original options) among sexually experienced alcohol- and tobacco-using young adults in Taiwan recruited using RDS during 2007–2010, by gender and early sexual initiation (N = 916). Table S5. Weighted multivariable logistic regression analysis of rare condom use on early sexual initiation among alcohol- and tobacco-using young adults in Taiwan recruited using RDS during 2007–2010 (N = 916).
Grain size modification in the magnetocaloric and non-magnetocaloric transitions in La0.5Ca0.5MnO3 probed by direct and indirect methods
Creators: name: Quintero, M.
name: Passanante, S.
name: Irurzub, I.
name: Goijman, D.
name: Polla, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The influence of the grain size in the magnetic properties of phase separated manganites is an important issue evidenced more than a decade ago. The formation of long range ordered phases is suppressed as the grain size decreases giving place to a metastable state instead of the ground state. In this work we present a study of the magnetocaloric effect in the prototypical manganite La0.5Ca0.5MnO3 as function of the grain size. The differences obtained using direct and indirect methods are discussed in the framework of domain walls in the ferromagnetic phase of the system.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures, acepted to be published in Applied Physics Letters
Microscopic Origin of Shear Relaxation in Strongly Coupled Yukawa Liquids
Creators: name: J., Ashwin
name: Sen, Abhijit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report accurate molecular dynamics calculations of the shear stress relaxation in a two-dimensional strongly coupled Yukawa liquid over a wide range of the Coulomb coupling strength $Γ$ and the Debye screening parameter $κ$. Our data on the relaxation times of the ideal- , excess- and total shear stress auto-correlation ($τ^{id}_M, τ^{ex}_M, τ_M$ respectively) along with the lifetime of local atomic connectivity $τ_{LC}$ leads us to the following important observation. Below a certain crossover $Γ_c(κ)$, $τ_{LC} \rightarrow τ^{ex}_M$, directly implying that here $τ_{LC}$ is the microscopic origin of the relaxation of excess shear stress unlike the case for ordinary liquids where it is the origin of the relaxation of the total shear stress. At $Γ>> Γ_c(κ)$ i.e. in the potential energy dominated regime, $τ^{ex}_M\rightarrow τ_M$ meaning that $τ^{ex}_M$ can fully account for the elastic or "solid like" behavior.
Ajustamento Familiar às Síndromes de Cancro Hereditário: Uma Revisão Sistemática
Creators: name: Gomes, Pedro
name: Pietrabissa, Giada
name: Silva, Eunice
name: Silva, João
name: Matos, Paula Mena
name: Costa, Maria Emília
name: Bertuzzi, Vanessa
name: Sales, Célia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: Resumo Introdução: A investigação sobre as implicações psicológicas do risco de cancro hereditário tem vindo a focar-se principalmente no indivíduo. Deste modo, o conhecimento sobre o impacto psicológico do risco de cancro hereditário no sistema familiar ainda é disperso e escasso. Objetivos: Compreender como é que as famílias se adaptam aos testes genéticos e à gestão de risco e em que medida o ajustamento da família influencia a resposta psicológica e os comportamentos de gestão de risco de familiares portadores de mutações que predispõem para risco aumentado de risco de cancro. Método: Foi realizada uma revisão sistemática de literatura, com recurso às bases de dados PubMed, SCOPUS, Medline e Google Scholar. Foi utilizado também a Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT-v2018) para avaliar a qualidade metodológica de cada estudo selecionado. Resultados: Vinte e sete estudos cumpriram os critérios de inclusão. Os resultados destacam a interdependência do ajustamento psicológico entre os portadores de mutação e suas famílias, bem como a importância da comunicação aberta dentro da família para facilitar a adaptação aos testes genéticos e ao processo de tomada de decisão para a implementação de medidas de gestão de risco. Discussão / Conclusão: A experiência dos outros familiares, em particular dos parceiros, é determinante para o bom ajustamento psicológico das pessoas com mutações genéticas que predispõem para risco aumentado de cancro. Paralelamente, existe necessidade de apoiar os portadores de mutação na comunicação com os seus filhos sobre a presença das síndromes na família e o seu significado. Existem lacunas significativas na investigação relativamente ao ajustamento psicológico com crianças e adolescentes.
InterviewBot: Real-Time End-to-End Dialogue System to Interview Students for College Admission
Creators: name: Wang, Zihao
name: Keyes, Nathan
name: Crawford, Terry
name: Choi, Jinho D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present the InterviewBot that dynamically integrates conversation history and customized topics into a coherent embedding space to conduct 10 mins hybrid-domain (open and closed) conversations with foreign students applying to U.S. colleges for assessing their academic and cultural readiness. To build a neural-based end-to-end dialogue model, 7,361 audio recordings of human-to-human interviews are automatically transcribed, where 440 are manually corrected for finetuning and evaluation. To overcome the input/output size limit of a transformer-based encoder-decoder model, two new methods are proposed, context attention and topic storing, allowing the model to make relevant and consistent interactions. Our final model is tested both statistically by comparing its responses to the interview data and dynamically by inviting professional interviewers and various students to interact with it in real-time, finding it highly satisfactory in fluency and context awareness.
Additional file 2 of Early sexual initiation and risky sexual practices among alcohol- and tobacco-using young adults in Taiwan: mediation analysis of preceding-sex use of illicit drugs
Creators: name: Wu, Tat Leong
name: Te-Tien Ting
name: Chen, Chuan-Yu
name: Lien-Wen Su
name: Chen, Wei J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2. Questionnaire for the variables used in the study.
Additional file 1 of Omega-3 fatty acid-containing parenteral nutrition in ICU patients: systematic review with meta-analysis and cost-effectiveness analysis
Creators: name: Pradelli, Lorenzo
name: Klek, Stanislaw
name: Mayer, Konstantin
name: Alsaleh, Abdul Jabbar Omar
name: Rosenthal, Martin D.
name: Heller, Axel R.
name: Muscaritoli, Maurizio
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Complete input parameters, included studies details and additional results and analyses.
Thutmose II: re-evaluating the evidence for an elusive king of the early Eighteenth Dynasty
Creators: name: Hugler, Trent
Publisher: name: Macquarie University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Other education not elsewhere classified

description: Thutmose II is an elusive figure in the modern reception of early Eighteenth Dynasty history. Originating in late-nineteenth-century historiography with Kurt Sethe’s ‘Thronwirren’ theory, that postulated an ancient ‘game of thrones’, and Gaston Maspero’s instigation of the ‘sickly king’ paradigm, the historical depiction of Thutmose II painted him as an ineffectual ruler in a secondary role, outshone by his half-sister/consort Hatshepsut during his life and reign. The aim of this study is to re-examine the complex image of Thutmose II, and thereby reach a fresh understanding of his life, reign, and posthumous memorialisation. An inductive data-driven diachronic approach was adopted to establish an integrated chronology of the archaeological, monumental, textual, and iconographic data relating to Thutmose II. Chronological sequencing has enabled a series of patterns to be deduced regarding the changing means of commemorative activity after his death. In concert with the deductive, theory-driven approach of cultural memory, the discussion analyses the concepts of remembering and forgetting in both their active and passive form. Crucially, the interplay of politics and memory in these processes, particularly the function of ‘legitimisation’, is discussed. The main focus of this study has been to differentiate and re-contextualise the posthumously-created evidence for Thutmose II within the dynamic political developments of the Hatshepsut/Thutmose III co-rule and beyond. Through the lens of cultural memory studies, new insights are gained into the political sphere of ancient Egypt after Thutmose II’s death. The conclusion reached is while the posthumous use of Thutmose II’s iconography does not add further to the understanding of his own life and reign, it sheds new light on the time of its installation. This insight allows for a more substantiated and critical position to be taken against the traditional historiography of the king and his lifetime.
On the foundations of statistical mechanics: ergodicity, many degrees of freedom and inference
Creators: name: Chibbaro, Sergio
name: Rondoni, Lamberto
name: Vulpiani, Angelo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The present paper is meant to give a simple introduction to the problem of the connection between microscopic dynamics and statistical laws. For sake of simplicity, we mostly refer to non-dissipative dynamics, since dissipation adds technical difficulties to the conceptual issues, although part of our discussion extends beyond this limit. In particular, the relevance of chaos and ergodicity is here confronted with that of the large number of degrees of freedom. In Section 2, we review the microscopic connection, along the lines of Boltzmann's approach, and of its further developments. In Section 3, we discuss the falsifiability of statistical mechanics and its role as statistical inference. In particular we argue that the Maximum entropy priciple is in general not a predictive tool.
description: 13 pages
MPEC 2023-D47 : 2022 HQ19
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2022 HQ19

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
On open problems in polling systems
Creators: name: Boon, Marko
name: Boxma, Onno
name: Winands, Erik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Performance (cs.PF)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In the present paper we address two open problems concerning polling systems, viz., queueing systems consisting of multiple queues attended by a single server that visits the queues one at a time. The first open problem deals with a system consisting of two queues, one of which has gated service, while the other receives 1-limited service. The second open problem concerns polling systems with general (renewal) arrivals and deterministic switch-over times that become infinitely large. We discuss related, known results for both problems, and the difficulties encountered when trying to solve them.
Co-creating a common language for an agroecological transition through local food governance: lessons learned from discussion and practice in Mashue, Los Ríos, Chile
Creators: name: del Valle M, M.
name: Shields, K.
name: Borthwick, F.
name: Grant, L.
name: Boza, S.
name: del Valle, J.P.
name: Luchsinger, J.A.
name: Del Fierro, R.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: In Mashue, Los Ríos Region, Chile, agroecology emerges as a response to environmental degradation and loss of water efficiency, underscoring the need for an agroecological transition to recover the vitality of agricultural soils and promote sustainable intensification. However, the gap in familiarity and understanding of agroecological principles hinders this transition and effective public funding allocation. This study addresses the lack of a common language around agroecology by co-creating and implementing educational workshops in collaboration with the Mashue Agroecological Association, Albatros consultancy, and the University of Edinburgh. Through a qualitative methodological approach, including n = 3 participatory workshops and n = 16 semi-structured interviews, it examined how agroecological principles can inform local governance practices and the transition toward sustainable food systems. Results indicate that co-creation of knowledge through workshops fostered greater understanding and application of agroecological practices, while interviews revealed a positive valuation of autonomous food production and a direct connection between the field and the table. Results confirm that community engagement is crucial in facilitating agroecological transitions and improving food and nutritional security. However, future research should address the long-term impact of these interventions on local agricultural and economic practices, as well as the need of expanding its geographical scope to broader Chilean reality.
Quasi-Newton Methods for Topology Optimization Using a Level-Set Method
Creators: name: Blauth, Sebastian
name: Sturm, Kevin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The ability to efficiently solve topology optimization problems is of great importance for many practical applications. Hence, there is a demand for efficient solution algorithms. In this paper, we propose novel quasi-Newton methods for solving PDE-constrained topology optimization problems. Our approach is based on and extends the popular solution algorithm of Amstutz and Andrä (A new algorithm for topology optimization using a level-set method, Journal of Computational Physics, 216, 2006). To do so, we introduce a new perspective on the commonly used evolution equation for the level-set method, which allows us to derive our quasi-Newton methods for topology optimization. We investigate the performance of the proposed methods numerically for the following examples: Inverse topology optimization problems constrained by linear and semilinear elliptic Poisson problems, compliance minimization in linear elasticity, and the optimization of fluids in Navier-Stokes flow, where we compare them to current state-of-the-art methods. Our results show that the proposed solution algorithms significantly outperform the other considered methods: They require substantially less iterations to find a optimizer while demanding only slightly more resources per iteration. This shows that our proposed methods are highly attractive solution methods in the field of topology optimization.
MPEC 2023-D48 : 2019 SO204
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2019 SO204

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Computer simulation study of surface wave dynamics at the crystal--melt interface
Creators: name: Benet, Jorge
name: MacDowell, Luis G.
name: Sanz, Eduardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study, by means of computer simulations, the crystal-melt interface of three different systems: hard-spheres, Lennard Jones and the TIP4P/2005 water model. In particular, we focus on the dynamics of surface waves. We observe that the processes involved in the relaxation of surface waves are characterized by distinct time scales: a slow one related to the continuous recrystallization and melting, that is governed by capillary forces; and a fast one which we suggest to be due to a combination of processes that quickly cause small perturbations to the shape of the interface (like e. g. Rayleigh waves, subdiffusion, or attachment/detachment of particles to/from the crystal). The relaxation of surface waves becomes dominated by the slow process as the wavelength increases. Moreover, we see that the slow relaxation is not influenced by the details of the microscopic dynamics. In a time scale characteristic for the diffusion of the liquid phase, the relaxation dynamics of the crystal-melt interface of water is around one order of magnitude slower than that of Lennard Jones or hard spheres, which we ascribe to the presence of orientational degrees of freedom in the water molecule. Finally, we estimate the rate of crystal growth from our analysis of the capillary wave dynamics and compare it with previous simulation studies and with experiments for the case of water.
Blepyrus insularis
Creators: name: Swezey, O. H.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1946
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Encyrtidae
Blepyrus
Blepyrus insularis

description: 26.Blepyrus insularis (Cameron). Encyrtus insularis Cameron, Manchester Lit. and Philos. Soc., Mem. 10 (3): 483, 1886. Blepyrus insularis (Cameron), Timberlake, Haw. Ent. Soc., Proc. 5: 429, 1924. Piti, May 2, on Cestrum pallidum, Usinger; Agana, May 25, Usinger; Paasan, June 15, Usinger; Sumay Road, July 15, Swezey. This is a parasite of the mealybug Ferrisia virgata (Cockerell). Eight specimens, two retained in U.S S. National Museum. About a dozen specimens at Bishop Museum were collected by Fullaway in 1911.
description: Published as part of Swezey, O. H., 1946, Notes On Some Guam Chalcidoidea, pp. 211-219 in Insects of Guam II, Honolulu, Hawaii :Bernice P. Bishop Museum on page 214, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5173516
Quantum Seismology
Creators: name: Brown, Eric G.
name: Donnelly, William
name: Kempf, Achim
name: Mann, Robert B.
name: Martin-Martinez, Eduardo
name: Menicucci, Nicolas C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a quantum mechanical method of detecting weak vibrational disturbances inspired by the protocol of entanglement farming. We consider a setup where pairs of atoms in their ground state are successively sent through an optical cavity. It is known that in this way it is possible to drive that cavity toward a stable fixed-point state. Here we study how that fixed-point state depends on the time interval between pairs of atoms and on the distance between the cavity's mirrors. Taking advantage of an extremely precise resonance effect, we find that there are special values of these parameters where the fixed-point state is highly sensitive to perturbations, even harmonic vibrations with frequencies several orders of magnitude below the cavity's natural frequency. We propose that this sensitivity may be useful for high precision metrology.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures. RevTeX 4.1
Cirrospiloideus japonica
Creators: name: Swezey, O. H.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1946
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Aphelinidae
Cirrospiloideus
Cirrospiloideus japonica

description: 41.Cirrospiloideus japonica (Ashmead). Sympiesomorpha japonica Ashmead, New York Ent. Soc., Jour. 12: 163, 1904. Inarajan, May 7, ex bean leafminer, Swezey; Piti, May 23, ex bean leafminer, Swezey. Three specimens, two retained in U. S. National Museum.
description: Published as part of Swezey, O. H., 1946, Notes On Some Guam Chalcidoidea, pp. 211-219 in Insects of Guam II, Honolulu, Hawaii :Bernice P. Bishop Museum on page 216, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5173516
Non-parametric Image Registration of Airborne LiDAR, Hyperspectral and Photographic Imagery of Forests
Creators: name: Lee, Juheon
name: Cai, Xiaohao
name: Schonlieb, Carola-Bibiane
name: Coomes, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.4.8

description: There is much current interest in using multi-sensor airborne remote sensing to monitor the structure and biodiversity of forests. This paper addresses the application of non-parametric image registration techniques to precisely align images obtained from multimodal imaging, which is critical for the successful identification of individual trees using object recognition approaches. Non-parametric image registration, in particular the technique of optimizing one objective function containing data fidelity and regularization terms, provides flexible algorithms for image registration. Using a survey of woodlands in southern Spain as an example, we show that non-parametric image registration can be successful at fusing datasets when there is little prior knowledge about how the datasets are interrelated (i.e. in the absence of ground control points). The validity of non-parametric registration methods in airborne remote sensing is demonstrated by a series of experiments. Precise data fusion is a prerequisite to accurate recognition of objects within airborne imagery, so non-parametric image registration could make a valuable contribution to the analysis pipeline.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures
Waiting times in queueing networks with a single shared server
Creators: name: Boon, Marko
name: van der Mei, Rob
name: Winands, Erik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Performance (cs.PF)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We study a queueing network with a single shared server that serves the queues in a cyclic order. External customers arrive at the queues according to independent Poisson processes. After completing service, a customer either leaves the system or is routed to another queue. This model is very generic and finds many applications in computer systems, communication networks, manufacturing systems, and robotics. Special cases of the introduced network include well-known polling models, tandem queues, systems with a waiting room, multi-stage models with parallel queues, and many others. A complicating factor of this model is that the internally rerouted customers do not arrive at the various queues according to a Poisson process, causing standard techniques to find waiting-time distributions to fail. In this paper we develop a new method to obtain exact expressions for the Laplace-Stieltjes transforms of the steady-state waiting-time distributions. This method can be applied to a wide variety of models which lacked an analysis of the waiting-time distribution until now.
MPEC 2024-R330 : 2024 RM16
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2024 RM16

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Discerning "indistinguishable" quantum systems
Creators: name: Caulton, Adam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a series of recent papers, Simon Saunders, Fred Muller and Michael Seevinck have collectively argued, against the philosophy of quantum mechanics folklore, that some non-trivial version of Leibniz's principle of the identity of indiscernibles is upheld in quantum mechanics. They argue that all particles -- fermions, paraparticles, anyons, even bosons -- may be weakly discerned by some physical relation. Here I show that their arguments make illegitimate appeal to non-symmetric, i.e. permutation-non-invariant, quantities, and that therefore their conclusions do not go through. However, I show that alternative, symmetric quantities may be found to do the required work. I conclude that the Saunders-Muller-Seevinck heterodoxy can be saved after all.
description: 27 pages. This is a pre-print of an article published in Philosophy of Science