cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Searching the sbottom in the four lepton channel at the LHC
Creators: name: Ghosh, Diptimoy
name: Sengupta, Dipan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Direct searches at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) have pushed the lower limits on the masses of the gluinos ($\tilde{g}$) and the squarks of the first two generations ($\tilde{q}$) to the TeV range. On the other hand, the limits are rather weak for the third generation squarks and masses around a few hundred GeV are still allowed. A comparatively light third generation of squarks is also consistent with the lightest Higgs boson with mass $\sim$ 125 GeV. In view of this, we consider the direct production of a pair of sbottom quarks ($\tilde{b}_1$) at the LHC and study their collider signatures. We focus on the scenario where the $\tilde{b}_1$ is not the next-to-lightest supersymmetric particle (NLSP) and hence can also decay to channels other than the commonly considered decay mode to a bottom quark and the lightest neutralino ($\tildeχ^0_1$). For example, we consider the decay modes containing a bottom quark and the second neutralino ($\tilde{b}_1 \to b \tildeχ^0_2$) and/or a top quark and the lightest chargino ($\tilde{b}_1 \to t \tildeχ^{\pm}_1$) following the leptonic decays of the neutralino, chargino and the top quark giving rise to a 4 leptons ($\ell$) + 2 $b$-jets + missing transverse momentum ($\PMET$) final state. We show that an sbottom mass $\lesssim$ 550 GeV can be probed in this channel at the 14 TeV LHC energy with integrated luminosity $\lesssim$ 100 fb$^{-1}$.
description: Clarificatory Notes added, comparison with CMS analysis added, Typos corrected, Version accepted for publication at European Physical Journal C. 12 Pages, 4 eps figures, 2 tables
Observation of Anomalous Orbital Angular Momentum Conservation in Parametric Nonlinearity
Creators: name: Wu, Hai-Jun
name: Yu, Bing-Shi
name: Jiang, Jia-Qi
name: Li, Chun-Yu
name: Rosales-Guzmán, Carmelo
name: Liu, Shi-Long
name: Zhu, Zhi-Han
name: Shi, Bao-Sen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Orbital angular momentum (OAM) conservation plays an important role in shaping and controlling structured light with nonlinear optics. The OAM of a beam originating from three-wave mixing should be the sum or difference of the other two inputs because no light-matter OAM exchange occurs in parametric nonlinear interactions. Here, we report anomalous OAM conservation during parametric upconversion, in which a Hermite-Gauss mode signal interacts with a specially engineered pump capable of astigmatic transformation in a crystal, resulting in Laguerre-Gaussian mode sum-frequency generation (SFG). The anomaly here refers to the fact that the pump and signal carry no net OAM, while their SFG does. We show that the lost OAM with the opposite sign that maintains OAM conservation in the system is hidden in the residual pump. This unexpected OAM selection rule improves our understanding of OAM conservation in parametric nonlinear systems and may inspire new ideas for controlling OAM states via nonlinear optics, especially in quantum applications.
Quantum-to-classical rate distortion coding
Creators: name: Datta, Nilanjana
name: Hsieh, Min-Hsiu
name: Wilde, Mark M.
name: Winter, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We establish a theory of quantum-to-classical rate distortion coding. In this setting, a sender Alice has many copies of a quantum information source. Her goal is to transmit classical information about the source, obtained by performing a measurement on it, to a receiver Bob, up to some specified level of distortion. We derive a single-letter formula for the minimum rate of classical communication needed for this task. We also evaluate this rate in the case in which Bob has some quantum side information about the source. Our results imply that, in general, Alice's best strategy is a non-classical one, in which she performs a collective measurement on successive outputs of the source.
description: 21 pages, 3 png figures, accepted for publication in Journal of Mathematical Physics
A grounded theory study of lived experience mental health practitioners within the wider workforce
Creators: name: Byrne, Louise Catherine
Publisher: name: CQUniversity
Year: 2022
Subjects: classificationCode: 420313
subject: Mental health services

description: For contemporary mental health policy to realise its commitment to enhance consumer participation and to promote the establishment of progressive mental health service delivery, progressing robust and effective roles for people with a lived experience of significant mental health challenges is essential. However, the emergent lived experience workforce in Australia faces a vast range of barriers including a lack of formal employment structures and awards, professional defensiveness from non-lived experience colleagues and stigma and discrimination in the workplace. Previously, there has been limited focused inquiry into the experience of employment for lived experience practitioners. The aim of this research is to provide a comprehensive exploration of the perspectives of lived experience practitioners of their employment within the mental health workforce, with a specific emphasis on factors that assist and inhibit the roles. Using a grounded theory approach, in-depth semi-structured interviews and focus groups were conducted. Lived experience practitioners employed in diverse roles within government, non-government and lived experience-run services from metropolitan, regional and rural settings across several states participated. Employing constant comparative analysis, the substantive theory Risk to self, resulting from stigma (seen and unseen) impacting on the LEP role emerged. Stigma, both seen and unseen was found to underlie and impact upon the LEP experience. As a result lived experience practitioners knowingly risked themselves and their own well-being within roles for the benefit of current mental health consumers. When workplaces were perceived as including greater supportive factors and were seen as less stigmatising, there was a correspondingly lower risk to LEP and greater consumer benefits. Conversely when more inhibiting factors existed, greater risk to LEP was posed and less consumer benefits occurred. For lived experience roles to evolve into full potentiality; to the benefit of mental health consumers and the well-being of LEP, the underlying stigma that is often ‘unseen’ must be recognised and addressed and supportive factors enhanced. The findings of this study will inform the on-going development of policy, service design and education of the professional and lived experience workforce, by identifying existing barriers, providing a framework to increase positive factors and ultimately contribute to a more collaborative, inclusive and therefore effective workplace culture for lived experience practitioners.
Testing $f(R)$ dark energy model with the large scale structure
Creators: name: He, Jian-hua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we further investigate the family of $f(R)$ dark energy models that can exactly mimic the same background expansion history as that of the $Λ$CDM model. We study the large scale structure in the $f(R)$ gravity using the full set cosmological perturbation equations. We investigate the structure formation in both the spatially flat and curved Universe. We also confront our model with the latest observations and conduct a Markov Chain Monte Carlo analysis on the parameter space.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures, revised version, accepted for publication in PRD
Pressure-Induced Insulator-to-Metal Transition in van der Waals compound CoPS$_3$
Creators: name: Matsuoka, Takahiro
name: Rao, Rahul
name: Susner, Michael A.
name: Conner, Benjamin S.
name: Zhang, Dongzhou
name: Mandrus, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have studied the insulator-to-metal transition and crystal structure evolution under high pressure in the van der Waals compound CoPS$_3$ through $\textit{in-situ}$ electrical resistance, Hall resistance, magnetoresistance, X-ray diffraction, and Raman scattering measurements. CoPS$_3$ exhibits a $C2/m$ $\rightarrow$ $P\overline{3}$ structural transformation at 7 GPa accompanied by a 2.9$\%$ reduction in the volume per formula unit. Concomitantly, the electrical resistance decreases significantly, and CoPS$_3$ becomes metallic. This metallic CoPS$_3$ is a hole-dominant conductor with multiple conduction bands. The linear magnetoresistance and the small volume collapse at the metallization suggest the incomplete high-spin $\rightarrow$ low-spin transition in the metallic phase. Thus, the metallic CoPS$_3$ possibly possesses an inhomogeneous magnetic moment distribution and short-range magnetic ordering. This report summarizes the comprehensive phase diagram of $M$PS$_3$ ($M$ = V, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, and Cd) that metalize under pressures.
description: 14 pages, 6 figures, 1 table
ASSESSING RISK WITH OLDER PEOPLE IN MENTAL HEALTH CARE
Creators: name: Clancy, L
Publisher: name: CQUniversity
Year: 2017
Subjects: classificationCode: 420502
subject: Aged care nursing

description: Risk is commonly defined as a negative threat which needs to be controlled and mitigated, as a concept it takes high priority in contemporary mental health services. There is increasing pressure on mental health services to develop risk assessment practices. However, to date, most work and exploration reflects adult settings with limited consideration of the unique needs of older people, and the impact of risk assessment on the care they receive. The aim of this thesis is to present a multi perspective, in-depth understanding of assessing risk with older people in mental health care.
Network science approach for identifying disruptive elements of an airline
Creators: name: Chauhan, Vinod Kumar
name: Ledwoch, Anna
name: Brintrup, Alexandra
name: Herrera, Manuel
name: Giannikas, Vaggelis
name: Stojkovic, Goran
name: Mcfarlane, Duncan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Currently, flight delays are common and they propagate from an originating flight to connecting flights, leading to large disruptions in the overall schedule. These disruptions cause massive economic losses, affect airlines' reputations, waste passengers' time and money, and directly impact the environment. This study adopts a network science approach for solving the delay propagation problem by modeling and analyzing the flight schedules and historical operational data of an airline. We aim to determine the most disruptive airports, flights, flight-connections, and connection types in an airline network. Disruptive elements are influential or critical entities in an airline network. They are the elements that can either cause (airline schedules) or have caused (historical data) the largest disturbances in the network. An airline can improve its operations by avoiding delays caused by the most disruptive elements. The proposed network science approach for disruptive element analysis was validated using a case study of an operating airline. The analysis indicates that potential disruptive elements in a schedule of an airline are also actual disruptive elements in the historical data and they should be considered to improve operations. The airline network exhibits small-world effects and delays can propagate to any part of the network with a minimum of four delayed flights. Finally, we observed that passenger connections between flights are the most disruptive connection type. Therefore, the proposed methodology provides a tool for airlines to build robust flight schedules that reduce delays and propagation.
description: accepted to Data Science and Management
Developing an understanding of IT governance and its relationship with corporate governance
Creators: name: Ilott, Gerard
Publisher: name: CQUniversity
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 460205
subject: Intelligent robotics

description: IT governance, or the governance of information and technology, has become an issue of importance for senior managers, those charged with undertaking corporate governance, and academics. Within the academic literature, its conception has changed from the recognition of appropriate decision-making patterns for the acquisition, management and use of information and technology, to large-scale enterprise governance systems. As the research and literature responded to changing needs and interpretations, it has done so without a developed theory or ontology to understand the form, nature and scope of IT governance. Consequently, IT governance has been referred to as an “ephemeral and messy phenomenon” (Peterson 2004, p.8).
Kaon-meson condensation and $Δ$ resonance in hyperonic stellar matter within a relativistic mean-field model
Creators: name: Ma, Fu
name: Wu, Chen
name: Guo, Wenjun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the equation of state of dense baryon matter within the relativistic mean-field model, and we include $Δ$(1232) isobars into IUFSU model with hyperons and consider the possibility of kaon meson condensation. We find that it is necessary to consider the $Δ$ resonance state inside the massive neutron star. The critical density of Kaon mesons and hyperons is shifted to a higher density region, in this respect an early appearance of $Δ$ resonances is crucial to guarantee the stability of the branch of hyperonized star with the difference of the coupling parameter $x_{σΔ}$ constrained based on the QCD rules in nuclear matter. The $Δ$ resonance produces a softer equation of state in the low density region, which makes the tidal deformability and radius consistent with the observation of GW170817. As the addition of new degrees of freedom will lead to a softening of the equation of state, the $σ$-cut scheme, which states the decrease of neutron star mass can be lowered if one assumes a limited decrease of the $σ$-meson strength at ${ρ_B}$($ρ_B > ρ_0$), finally we get a maximum mass neutron star with $Δ$ resonance heavier than 2$M_{\odot}$.
description: 10 pages, 9 figures
Energy storage and its strategic impacts on the power network
Creators: name: Arif, Mohammad
Publisher: name: CQUniversity
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 400899
subject: Electrical engineering not elsewhere classified

description: Modern power systems are moving towards accommodating more and more renewable energy (RE) into the grid to minimize greenhouse gas (GHG) emission from energy sector. Large scale adoption of solar photovoltaic (PV) and wind turbine creates instability in the power system network due to the intermittent nature of these sources. Major problems associated with these sources are fluctuation in energy level or even unavailability of useful energy, minimum or no supply of energy during peak demand, moreover integration of these sources in different phases can cause phase unbalance and power quality (PQ) issues in the network. Energy Storage (ES) is considered to be the solution to overcome these PQ problems by buffering a sizeable portion of energy generated by different intermittent RE sources during low demand time and export it back into the network as required.
Going in quest of potential tetraquark interpretations for the newly observed $T_{ψψ}$ states in light of the diquark-antidiquark scenarios
Creators: name: Dong, Wen-Chao
name: Wang, Zhi-Gang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Stimulated by the recent experimental progress on the $T_{ψψ}$ states, the fully charmed tetraquark spectroscopy is systemically investigated by dint of the Godfrey-Isgur relativized diquark model, the modified Godfrey-Isgur relativized diquark model with the color screening effects, and the nonrelativistic diquark model. The theoretical results of the diquark-antidiquark scenarios propose to interpret the $T_{ψψ}(6200)$, $T_{ψψ}(6600)$, $T_{ψψ}(6900)$, and $T_{ψψ}(7300)$ structures as the candidates of the $1S$-wave, $1P/2S$-wave, $1D/2P$-wave, and $2D/3P/4S$-wave fully charmed tetraquark states, respectively. On account of the deficiency of sufficient experimental information, e.g., the parities of the newly observed $T_{ψψ}$ states, there are uncertainties about the assignments of the $T_{ψψ}(6600)$, $T_{ψψ}(6900)$, and $T_{ψψ}(7300)$ states. It is demonstrated that the further experimental survey on the $cc\bar c\bar c$ states, implemented by the LHCb, ATLAS, CMS, and other collaborations, ought to be continued in the future.
description: 18 pages
Reionization and the Cosmic Dawn with the Square Kilometre Array
Creators: name: Mellema, Garrelt
name: Koopmans, León
name: Abdalla, Filipe
name: Bernardi, Gianni
name: Ciardi, Benedetta
name: Daiboo, Soobash
name: de Bruyn, Ger
name: Datta, Kanan K.
name: Falcke, Heino
name: Ferrara, Andrea
name: Iliev, Ilian T.
name: Iocco, Fabio
name: Jelić, Vibor
name: Jensen, Hannes
name: Joseph, Ronniy
name: Kloeckner, Hans-Rainer
name: Labroupoulos, Panos
name: Meiksin, Avery
name: Mesinger, Andrei
name: Offringa, Andre
name: Pandey, V. N.
name: Pritchard, Jonathan R.
name: Santos, Mario G.
name: Schwarz, Dominik J.
name: Semelin, Benoit
name: Vedantham, Harish
name: Yatawatta, Sarod
name: Zaroubi, Saleem
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Square Kilometre Array (SKA) will have a low frequency component (SKA-low) which has as one of its main science goals the study of the redshifted 21cm line from the earliest phases of star and galaxy formation in the Universe. This 21cm signal provides a new and unique window on both the formation of the first stars and accreting black holes and the later period of substantial ionization of the intergalactic medium. The signal will teach us fundamental new things about the earliest phases of structure formation, cosmology and even has the potential to lead to the discovery of new physical phenomena. Here we present a white paper with an overview of the science questions that SKA-low can address, how we plan to tackle these questions and what this implies for the basic design of the telescope.
description: Accepted for publication in Experimental Astronomy, reformatted to 57 pages, some updated and improved figures and minor changes and updates to the text
Qualitative descriptive exploratory study of what is the meaning of quality of life for older adults [ACCESS RESTRICTED TO CQUNIVERSITY CAMPUSES ONLY]
Creators: name: Ma, L
Publisher: name: CQUniversity
Year: 2017
Subjects: classificationCode: 420301
subject: Aged health care

description: Quality of life is a universal living experience and is significant for older adults living in long-term residential care facilities. The purposes of this research study were to: explicate the experience of quality of life for older adults, contribute to the understanding of quality of life for older adults, and to nursing’s extant body of knowledge by enhancing the theory of humanbecoming (Parse, 2007). The humanbecoming school of thought was selected as the theoretical perspective for the qualitative descriptive exploratory method study with 10 volunteers living in the same long-term residential care facility. Through the processes of the qualitative descriptive method guided by Parse’s humanbecoming theory, older adults’ experiences of quality of life as lived and described by participants were explicated. The findings of this study, the answer to the research question was: quality of life is fortifying tranquillity amid potential turbulence with the gratifying engagements of diverse affiliations, as envisioning possibilities arise with discordant constraints. The findings of this study have made a significant contribution to the phenomenon – quality of life both in terms of older adults living in nursing homes and from a Singaporean context.
Electrical control of uniformity in quantum dot devices
Creators: name: Meyer, Marcel
name: Déprez, Corentin
name: van Abswoude, Timo R.
name: Liu, Dingshan
name: Wang, Chien-An
name: Karwal, Saurabh
name: Oosterhout, Stefan
name: Borsoi, Franscesco
name: Sammak, Amir
name: Hendrickx, Nico W.
name: Scappucci, Giordano
name: Veldhorst, Menno
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Highly uniform quantum systems are essential for the practical implementation of scalable quantum processors. While quantum dot spin qubits based on semiconductor technology are a promising platform for large-scale quantum computing, their small size makes them particularly sensitive to their local environment. Here, we present a method to electrically obtain a high degree of uniformity in the intrinsic potential landscape using hysteretic shifts of the gate voltage characteristics. We demonstrate the tuning of pinch-off voltages in quantum dot devices over hundreds of millivolts that then remain stable at least for hours. Applying our method, we homogenize the pinch-off voltages of the plunger gates in a linear array for four quantum dots reducing the spread in pinch-off voltage by one order of magnitude. This work provides a new tool for the tuning of quantum dot devices and offers new perspectives for the implementation of scalable spin qubit arrays.
Weighted Kolmogorov-Smirnov test: Accounting for the tails
Creators: name: Chicheportiche, Rémy
name: Bouchaud, Jean-Philippe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Statistical Finance (q-fin.ST)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Accurate goodness-of-fit tests for the extreme tails of empirical distributions is a very important issue, relevant in many contexts, including geophysics, insurance, and finance. We have derived exact asymptotic results for a generalization of the large-sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, well suited to testing these extreme tails. In passing, we have rederived and made more precise the approximate limit solutions found originally in unrelated fields, first in [L. Turban, J. Phys. A 25, 127 (1992)] and later in [P. L. Krapivsky and S. Redner, Am. J. Phys. 64, 546 (1996)].
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
Collaborative Training of Medical Artificial Intelligence Models with non-uniform Labels
Creators: name: Arasteh, Soroosh Tayebi
name: Isfort, Peter
name: Saehn, Marwin
name: Mueller-Franzes, Gustav
name: Khader, Firas
name: Kather, Jakob Nikolas
name: Kuhl, Christiane
name: Nebelung, Sven
name: Truhn, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Due to the rapid advancements in recent years, medical image analysis is largely dominated by deep learning (DL). However, building powerful and robust DL models requires training with large multi-party datasets. While multiple stakeholders have provided publicly available datasets, the ways in which these data are labeled vary widely. For Instance, an institution might provide a dataset of chest radiographs containing labels denoting the presence of pneumonia, while another institution might have a focus on determining the presence of metastases in the lung. Training a single AI model utilizing all these data is not feasible with conventional federated learning (FL). This prompts us to propose an extension to the widespread FL process, namely flexible federated learning (FFL) for collaborative training on such data. Using 695,000 chest radiographs from five institutions from across the globe - each with differing labels - we demonstrate that having heterogeneously labeled datasets, FFL-based training leads to significant performance increase compared to conventional FL training, where only the uniformly annotated images are utilized. We believe that our proposed algorithm could accelerate the process of bringing collaborative training methods from research and simulation phase to the real-world applications in healthcare.
description: Published in Nature Scientific Reports
The effect of urban storm-water runoff on sesarmid crabs
Creators: name: Ball, Derek
Publisher: name: CQUniversity
Year: 2021
Subjects: classificationCode: 400513
subject: Water resources engineering
classificationCode: 410503
subject: Groundwater quality processes and contaminated land assessment
classificationCode: 410504
subject: Surface water quality processes and contaminated sediment assessment

description: Urban development is becoming increasingly common along landward margins of mangroves and results in increased impervious surfaces which collect and facilitate discharge of storm-water at point locations into the mangrove swamp. In contrast, natural storm-water inputs into mangroves are largely diffuse flows. Along the central Queensland coast Neosarmatium trispinosum and Parasesarma erythrodactyla are the most abundant species of sesarmid crabs occuring within these mangroves. Following a trial that found burrow counts were the most reliable estimate of relative crab abundance, comparisons were made between mangroves receiving storm-water input and control sites that were not affected.
Track Worker Protection Technology
Creators: name: Noorudheen, N
Publisher: name: CQUniversity
Year: 2017
Subjects: classificationCode: 400512
subject: Transport engineering

description: The task of maintaining the rail track and the wayside infrastructure is one of the most hazardous jobs in the rail industry. The track workers are in constant danger of being hit by a running train or other track machinery. The impact of such an accident is very serious and often leads to a fatality. The rail industry in Australia and worldwide are aware of the risk involved with such works and have taken safety precautions and protection methods to minimise and manage this risk. However accidents still occur and track worker fatalities and injuries are a major concern for the Australian rail industry.
Biochar potential for improvement of soil properties and plant growth
Creators: name: Pudasaini, K
Publisher: name: CQUniversity
Year: 2017
Subjects: classificationCode: 300202
subject: Agricultural land management

description: Various claims have been made for the use of biochar (the carbon-rich product derived from pyrolysis of biomass) to improve soil fertility and crop yield and for C sequestration. In this thesis, the impact of a biochar produced at 550 oC from woody waste to loamy sand, a red loam and a coarse sand was assessed at a rate of 2% w/w. Coarse (particle size >1.5 mm) biochar significantly increased infiltration rate of both soil types, but only for 15 months, while fine biochar reduced infiltration rate of coarse sand by 19% at 18 months. The field capacity, plant available water and permanent wilting point of sand were increased by 37, 41 and 15% respectively with addition of fine biochar compared to the control. Plant growth was improved accordingly in well watered conditions, but not in a severe water stress treatment (maintained at 20% of field capacity). Soil rhizobial activity (measured by soil respiration) increased with the addition of biochar at low and high water potentials (- 1.0 and -1.5 MPa), however, biochar on its own had low microbial activity at both water potentials. Rhizobia number (log CFU) also increased in biochar-amended soil compared to the un-amended soil at both water potentials. The little increased water content at permanent wilting point (-1.5 MPa) may have provided micro-habitats for rhizobia to survive and remain active. The apparent effective cation exchange capacity of soil increased after 3 years of biochar application in loamy sand, but the change was of little practical significance (4.87 meq/100g bichar amended soil, compared to 4.41 for the soil). An observed decrease in nutrient leaching in pot and field trials was associated with increased plant nutrient uptake and growth. Improved plant growth and reduced nutrient leaching are ascribed to changes in soil infiltration rate, microbial growth and water availability in biochar amended soil lead. Further long term field studies are required to find its expanded role in broad scale agriculture.
Testing different approaches to estimate the potential supply of carbon offsets from beef grazing systems
Creators: name: Gowen, R
Publisher: name: CQUniversity
Year: 2017
Subjects: classificationCode: 300202
subject: Agricultural land management

description: Agricultural lands have the biological potential to sequester many millions of tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalents thus have been recognised by many scientists and policymakers as a key component of efforts to mitigate climate change. However, the operational changes required to create these offsets are neither insignificant nor uniform across agricultural enterprises and the incentives needed and the likelihood and rate of participation as well as the impacts at farm level have not been examined in detail. Acknowledging this complexity, this research examines the potential for pastoral land in Queensland, Australia to supply carbon offsets using three approaches; desktop bioeconomic modelling, experimental field auctions with landholders and the use of behavioural economic theories to understand stated preferences in a choice model. The bioeconomic model is additionally tested using a comparative case study from Canada. The comparative case study structure allows for identification of the extent to which political and broader economic drivers are likely to affect supply of carbon offsets from agricultural land. The three approaches provide difference results as the bioeconomic model estimates only the opportunity costs while the experimental auctions and choice modelling estimate more comprehensively landholders preferences for supplying carbon offsets. The difference in results shows that the use of choice modelling can make a valuable contribution to understanding preferences for provision of ecosystem services, particularly when the preferences being investigated involve new products or enterprises for which there is little historical information. The impact of bounded rationality and a lack of heuristics was demonstrated by the difference in preferences between a single unit of the service and supplying multiple units. In the context of carbon trading, agricultural offsets are found to be a potentially efficient source of carbon offsets at relatively low carbon prices but the results also highlight the need for case specific modelling when major policy initiatives are being evaluated.
USE OF SINGLE IMPACT TO UNDERSTAND ATTRITION OF ALUMINA PARTICLES
Creators: name: Rashid, M
Publisher: name: CQUniversity
Year: 2017
Subjects: classificationCode: 401607
subject: Metals and alloy materials

description: In the alumina industry, the quality of alumina is commonly assessed on the basis of an important parameter called attrition index. Attrition is a mechanical property of brittle material (such as alumina, coal, salt, stone, sand, etc.) defining chipping characteristics of those materials while these are impacted on a hard surface. The attrition index attempts to quantify the tendency of the alumina to break down during handling and produce fines. An alumina is considered to be a strong alumina if it’s attrition index is less than 15%. Alumina particles with a poor attrition index produce more dust, leading to loss of product and environmental pollution during handling. Alumina strength is currently measured using the Forsythe technique which involves producing a fluidised column of alumina in a standardised arrangement and measuring the relative percentage decrease in the mass of particles of sizes <45 µm. The method of measuring the attrition index takes a long time, as well as, it requires a large amount of samples for the experiment is required. This research deals with experimental and hypothetical analysis of determination of attrition levels of alumina using recently developed a powder breakage rig that uses Ghadiri’s single impact principle and a Malvern Mastersizer. A systematic experimental procedure that uses the above mentioned equipment with single impact technique has been worked out. A large number of samples of alumina produced in Australia have been tested for attrition by single impact method using a range of air-stream (impacting/falling) velocity following the developed procedure. Analysis of experimental results reveals that particle breakage has a direct relationship with the air-stream velocity and higher impact velocity creates more fines. Analysis of test suggests that the tests were able to demonstrate a good discrimination between original and the attrited alumina. It has been revealed that breakage rate of alumina depends upon its initial particle size and also upon the strength of particles. It has also been proven that the methodology and the technique worked well, used small amounts of samples and the methodology is much faster. The research has revealed valuable scientific data on effect of variable speed of impact and the attrition index for the provided alumina samples. II The output of the research works would be helpful particularly for alumina refineries/industries as well as food industries, pharmaceuticals (powder technology). These industries will be highly benefited using the expected experimental model for assessing the attrition of alumina, and other bulk materials. The environmental agencies may be benefited understanding more accurately the pollution levels caused by the refineries and process industries.
Orbital selective coupling in CeRh$_3$B$_2$: co-existence of high Curie and high Kondo temperature
Creators: name: Amorese, Andrea
name: Hansmann, Philipp
name: Marino, Andrea
name: Korner, Peter
name: Willers, Thomas
name: Walters, Andrew
name: Zhou, Kejin
name: Kummer, Kurt
name: Brooks, Nicholas B.
name: Lin, Hong-Ji
name: Chen, Cien-Te
name: Lejay, Pascal
name: Haverkort, Maurits W.
name: Tjeng, Liu Hao
name: Severing, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigated the electronic structure of the enigmatic CeRh$_3$B$_2$ using resonant inelastic scattering and x-ray absorption spectroscopy in combination with $ab$ $initio$ density functional calculations. We find that the Rh 4$d$ states are irrelevant for the high-temperature ferromagnetism and the Kondo effect. We also find that the Ce 4$f$ crystal-field strength is too small to explain the strong reduction of the Ce magnetic moment. The data reveal instead the presence of two different active Ce 4$f$ orbitals, with each coupling selectively to different bands in CeRh$_3$B$_2$. The inter-site hybridization of the |J=5/2,Jz=+/-1/2> crystal-field state and Ce 5$d$ band combined with the intra-site Ce 4$f$-5$d$ exchange creates the strong ferromagnetism, while hybridization between the |J=5/2,Jz=+/-5/2> and the B $sp$ in the $ab$-plane contributes to the Kondo interaction which causes the moment reduction. This orbital selective coupling explains the unique and seemingly contradictory properties of CeRh$_3$B$_2$.
description: 15 pages, 14 figures
An Awareness Strategy to Combat The Environmental Degradation of Tarutao National Park Thailand
Creators: name: Kitisripanya, P
Publisher: name: CQUniversity
Year: 2017
Subjects: classificationCode: 4104
subject: Environmental management
classificationCode: 410404
subject: Environmental management

description: Environmental degradation poses a threat to social, political and economic stability worldwide. Natural disasters, human activities including tourism, population growth, economic growth and inadequate environmental policies and regulations place pressure on regional and global ecosystems and contribute to environmental decline. Tarutao National Park, Thailand’s best known ecotourist destination, offers an abundance of diversity in flora, fauna, and marine resources. However, it is also facing the challenge of environmental degradation such as a garbage disposal problem. This research aims to investigate an awareness strategy to combat the environmental degradation of Tarutao National Park specifically due to issues of garbage disposal. Individual interviews situated within qualitative research methodology were employed in this research project to investigate an awareness strategy. Seven key schemes of inquiry, or possible awareness strategies, derived from the literature review were asked to TNP stakeholders: increasing penalties, public interest litigation, payment for ecosystem services, education and communication, stakeholder involvement, a broadbased public awareness campaign across Thailand, and social networking. There were 11 key TNP stakeholder groups: Satun Province officials, Ko Sarai Sub-District officials, TNP officials, local tourism operators, local accommodation owners, local transportation businesses, employees working in the tourism industry in TNP, local private business owners, relevant non-government organizations (NGOs), community elders, and tourists. V The research project concludes that integrated strategies such education and communication, payment for ecosystem services, stakeholder involvement and increasing penalties may be potential solutions to eliminating garbage disposal problems in the TNP area. It is anticipated that the strategies might spur the development of sustainable tourism management at TNP and thereby deliver benefits to the Thai tourism industry and the TNP local community by way of the economy and industry.
$\mathbb Z_2$ spin liquids in the higher spin-$S$ Kitaev honeycomb model: An exact deconfined $\mathbb Z_2$ gauge structure in a non-integrable model
Creators: name: Ma, Han
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The higher spin Kitaev model prominently features the extensive locally conserved quantities the same as the spin-$1/2$ Kitaev honeycomb model, although it is not exactly solvable. It remains an open question regarding the physical meaning of these conserved quantities in the higher spin model. In this Letter, by introducing a Majorana parton construction for a general spin-$S$ we uncover that these conserved quantities are exactly the $\mathbb Z_2$ gauge fluxes in the general spin-$S$ model, including the case of spin-$1/2$. Particularly, we find an even-odd effect that the $\mathbb Z_2$ gauge charges are fermions in the half integer spin model, but are bosons in the integer spin model. We further prove that the fermionic $\mathbb Z_2$ gauge charges are always deconfined; hence the half integer spin Kitaev model would have non-trivial spin liquid ground states regardless of interaction strengths in the Hamiltonian. The bosonic $\mathbb Z_2$ gauge charges of the integer spin model, on the other hand, could condense, leading to a trivial product state, and this is indeed the case at the anisotropic limit of the model.
description: 5+4 pages, 3+3 figures, published version
Monitoring procedure for parameter change in causal time series
Creators: name: Bardet, Jean-Marc
name: Kengne, William Chakry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We propose a new sequential procedure to detect change in the parameters of a process $ X= (X_t)_{t\in \Z}$ belonging to a large class of causal models (such as AR($\infty$), ARCH($\infty$), TARCH($\infty$), ARMA-GARCH processes). The procedure is based on a difference between the historical parameter estimator and the updated parameter estimator, where both these estimators are based on a quasi-likelihood of the model. Unlike classical recursive fluctuation test, the updated estimator is computed without the historical observations. The asymptotic behavior of the test is studied and the consistency in power as well as an upper bound of the detection delay are obtained. Some simulation results are reported with comparisons to some other existing procedures exhibiting the accuracy of our new procedure. The procedure is also applied to the daily closing values of the Nikkei 225, S$&$P 500 and FTSE 100 stock index. We show in this real-data applications how the procedure can be used to solve off-line multiple breaks detection.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1101.5960 by other authors
Longitudinal Functional Models with Structured Penalties
Creators: name: Kundu, Madan G.
name: Harezlak, Jaroslaw
name: Randolph, Timothy W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper addresses estimation in a longitudinal regression model for association between a scalar outcome and a set of longitudinally-collected functional covariates or predictor curves. The framework consists of estimating a time-varying coefficient function that is modeled as a linear combination of time-invariant functions but having time-varying coefficients. The estimation procedure exploits the equivalence between penalized least squares estimation and a linear mixed model representation. The process is empirically evaluated with several simulations and it is applied to analyze the neurocognitive impairment of HIV patients and its association with longitudinally-collected magnetic resonance spectroscopy curves.
description: 23 pages, 5 figures
Global Human Fingerprints on Daily Temperatures in 2023 (AMS Annual Meeting 2024)
Creators: name: Gilford, Daniel
name: Pershing, Andrew
name: Giguere, Joseph
name: Otto, Friederike
name: Casey, Lauren
name: Fluery, Maria
name: Martin, Megan
name: Tannenbaum, Arielle
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Slides supporting Daniel Gilford's American Meteorological Science Annual Meeting (2024) presentation of Global Human Fingerprints on Daily Temperatures in 2023. This presentation was delivered in Baltimore, MD, USA on 1/31/2024 as part of "Session 9A - Explaining Extreme Events from a Climate Perspective I".

Project Abstract:2023 was a record-breaking year for heat all around the world. Extremely high temperatures were seen across the Americas, Europe, South and East Asia, and Africa, and sometimes persisted for days, weeks, or months. The evident worldwide increasing rate and intensity of heat events begs the question: To what extent is human-caused climate change to blame for these dangerous daily temperatures? It is now possible to quantitatively and confidently attribute human influences on individual heat events soon after occurrence. The World Weather Attribution Initiative (WWA), has pioneered rapid attribution approaches, and regularly releases detailed attribution reports of specific events using state-of-the-art methods. These provide a reliable set of published and self-consistent resources that inform which of the observed 2023 heat events were potentially most noteworthy or impactful. But these studies may also take days-to-weeks to produce, requiring significant investments of time and resources, which limits the opportunities of attributable events that can be assessed over a given year. A new automated attribution system (Gilford et al. 2022) has been developed to complement these reports. It applies techniques similar to WWA to attribute heat events to climate change, and notably, it extends the approach to evaluate temperatures every day, everywhere. In this study we apply the system to develop a hindcast of daily attribution estimates for globally-resolved air temperatures in 2023. We evaluate our system by comparing with WWA reports for several events, including a short-lived event in western Europe (late April 2023) and longer lived events in Southeast Asia (April 2023) and North America (July 2023). Using these as a benchmark, we demonstrate the scale and scope of similarly attributable events around the world in 2023. Results show that the attribution framework produces estimates consistent with in-depth WWA reports. We also show similarly-extreme events were regularly attributable around the world in 2023.
Baseline study for higher moments of net-charge distribution at RHIC energies
Creators: name: Sahoo, Nihar R.
name: De, Sudipan
name: Nayak, Tapan K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Lattice QCD models predict the presence of a critical point in the QCD phase diagram where the first order phase transition between the hadron gas and Quark-Gluon Plasma ceases to exist. Higher moments of conserved quantities, such as net-charge, net-baryon number and net-strangeness, are proposed to be sensitive probes for locating the critical point. The moments of net-charge distributions have been studied as a function of centrality for {Au+Au} collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}$ = 7.7 to 200 GeV using three event generators, {\it viz.}, UrQMD, HIJING, and THERMINATOR-2. The effect of centrality selection, resonance production, as well as contributions from particle species to the net-charge moments and their products have been studied. It is observed that mean of the net-charge distributions are dominated by net-protons, whereas standard deviation, skewness and kurtosis closely follow net-pion distributions. These results, along with the predictions from Hadron Resonance Gas (HRG) model, are presented.
description: 7 pages, 9 figures, submitted to PRC