cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Massive and topological surface states in tensile strained HgTe
Creators: name: Mahler, David M.
name: Müller, Valentin L.
name: Thienel, Cornelius
name: Wiedenmann, Jonas
name: Beugeling, Wouter
name: Buhmann, Hartmut
name: Molenkamp, Laurens W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magneto-transport measurements on gated high mobility heterostructures containing a 60 nm layer of tensile strained HgTe, a three-dimensional topological insulator, show well-developed Hall quantization from surface states both in the n- as well as in the p-type regime. While the n-type behavior is due to transport in the topological surface state of the material, we find from 8-orbital k.p calculations that the p-type transport results from massive Volkov-Pankratov states. Their formation prevents the Dirac point and thus the p-conducting topological surface state from being accessible in transport experiments. This interpretation is supported by low-field magneto-transport experiments demonstrating the coexistence of n-conducting topological surface states and p-conducting Volkov-Pankratov states at the relevant gate voltages.
description: 15+5 pages, 5 figures; initially submitted version
Strain-tunable Dirac semimetal phase transition and emergent superconductivity in a borophane
Creators: name: Zhong, Chengyong
name: Li, Xuelian
name: Yu, Peng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A two-dimensional (2D) Dirac semimetal with concomitant superconductivity has been long sought but rarely reported. It is believed that light-element materials have the potential to realize this goal owing to their intrinsic lightweight and metallicity. Here, based on the recently synthesized $β_{12}$ hydrogenated borophene [Science 371, 1143 (2021)], we investigate its counterpart named $β_{12}$-$ \rm {B_5H_3}$. Our first-principles calculations suggest it has good stability. $β_{12}$-$ \rm {B_5H_3}$ is a scarce Dirac semimetal demonstrating a strain-tunable phase transition from three Dirac cones to a single Dirac cone. Additionally, $β_{12}$-$ \rm {B_5H_3}$ is also a superior phonon-mediated superconductor with a superconducting critical temperature of 32.4 K and can be further boosted to 42 K under external strain. The concurrence of Dirac fermions and superconductivity, supplemented with dual tunabilities, reveals $β_{12}$-$ \rm {B_5H_3}$ is an attractive platform to study either quantum phase transition in 2D Dirac semimetal or the superconductivity or the exotic physics brought about by their interplay.
description: 9 Pages, 5 Figures
The independence of the Whitehead problem from ZFC
Creators: name: Dean, Richard J.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: An abelian group G is called a W-group if Ext(G,Z) = 0. Whitehead's problem asks which groups are W-groups. Saharon Shelah proved that the answer to Whitehead's problem, for groups of cardinality ω₁ , is independent of the axioms of Zermelo-Frankel set theory with the axiom of choice. This thesis gives a complete and detailed proof, based on Shelah's proof, of this independence result.
FORECASTING OF EXTREME RISK USING MARKOVSWITCHING GARCH MODELS: EVIDENCE FROM GLOBAL ENERGY MARKETS
Creators: name: S. Kavitha
name: G. Mokesh Rayalu
name: D. Pachiyappan
name: P. Manigandan
Publisher: name: Reliability: Theory & Applications
Year: 2023
Subjects: MSGARCH
extreme risk
energy markets
prediction

description: This paper investigates the Markov-Switching GARCH and Single-Regime (SR) GARCH models for the extreme-risk prediction of the global energy markets. Using daily data from Jan. 2020 to July. 2022, we find the MS-GARCH-types models are appropriate for both developed and emerging energy markets because they efficiently measure the extreme risk of energy commodities in various cases. Meanwhile, the regime-switching model's capture-dynamic structures in the financial markets and this model is only better than single-regime models in terms of long position risk predicting, rather than short position risk forecasting. That is, on the downside risk predicting, it just outperforms the single regime. Through competitive models, this study examines the risk forecast of energy commodities in different conditions. The findings have strong implications for investors and policymakers in selecting the appropriate model to predict the extreme risk of energy commodities when facing asset allocation, portfolio selection, and risk management.
A new logistic growth model applied to COVID-19 fatality data
Creators: name: Triambak, S.
name: Mahapatra, D. P.
name: Mallick, N.
name: Sahoo, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Background: Recent work showed that the temporal growth of the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) follows a sub-exponential power-law scaling whenever effective control interventions are in place. Taking this into consideration, we present a new phenomenological logistic model that is well-suited for such power-law epidemic growth. Methods: We empirically develop the logistic growth model using simple scaling arguments, known boundary conditions and a comparison with available data from four countries, Belgium, China, Denmark and Germany, where (arguably) effective containment measures were put in place during the first wave of the pandemic. A non-linear least-squares minimization algorithm is used to map the parameter space and make optimal predictions. Results: Unlike other logistic growth models, our presented model is shown to consistently make accurate predictions of peak heights, peak locations and cumulative saturation values for incomplete epidemic growth curves. We further show that the power-law growth model also works reasonably well when containment and lock down strategies are not as stringent as they were during the first wave of infections in 2020. On the basis of this agreement, the model was used to forecast COVID-19 fatalities for the third wave in South Africa, which is currently in progress. Conclusions: We anticipate that our presented model will be useful for a similar forecasting of COVID-19 induced infections/deaths in other regions as well as other cases of infectious disease outbreaks, particularly when power-law scaling is observed.
description: Final version published as a journal article in Epidemics
First Order Quantum Phase Transition in Adiabatic Quantum Computation
Creators: name: Amin, M. H. S.
name: Choi, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the connection between local minima in the problem Hamiltonian and first order quantum phase transitions during an adiabatic quantum computation. We demonstrate how some properties of the local minima can lead to an extremely small gap that is exponentially sensitive to the Hamiltonian parameters. Using perturbation expansion, we derive an analytical formula that can not only predict the behavior of the gap, but also provide insight on how to controllably vary the gap size by changing the parameters. We show agreement with numerical calculations for a weighted maximum independent set problem instance.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, published final version
Fuzzy Control Charts based on Ranking of Pentagonal Fuzzy Numbers
Creators: name: Ahmad, Mohammad
name: Weihu Cheng
name: Xu, Zhao
name: Kalam, Abdul
name: Ahteshamul Haq
Publisher: name: Reliability: Theory & Applications
Year: 2023
Subjects: Statistical Process Control
Rank Membership Function
Fuzzy Pentagonal Number

description: A Control Chart is a fundamental approach in Statistical Process Control. When uncommon causes of variability are present, sample averages will plot beyond the control boundaries, making the control chart a particularly effective process monitoring approach. Uncertainties are caused by the measuring system, including the gauges operators and ambient circumstances. In this paper, the concept of fuzzy set theory is used for dealing with uncertainty. The control limits are to converted into fuzzy control limits using the membership function. The fuzzy 𝑋 ̅ -R and 𝑋 ̅-S control chart is developed by using the ranking of the pentagonal fuzzy number system. An illustrative example is done with the discussed technique to make fuzzy 𝑋 ̅-R and 𝑋 ̅-R control charts and increase the flexibility of the control limit.
Towards Liberating Methods: Ethnodance as an Embodied Narrative of Black Students’ Science Identity
Creators: name: Chappell, Mindy J
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2021
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: The study explored how an arts-based practice, namely ethnodance, informs the study of science identity. I theorized about ethnodance and, with five Black high school students, I studied how ethnodance, as a methodological tool, offers Black youth with dance identities a medium to narrate evolving science identities, communicating meanings, interactions, and emotions, and to further construct their identities as reified artifacts of their engagement in science spaces–classrooms where scientific practices and science discourse take place. The theoretical argument frames ethnodance as an embodied narrative of experience, identity construction as an ongoing process with interactional and affective commitments, and Black dance as a venue of Black bodies’ expressivity of the brilliance, competence, and creativity of Black people. Black students, for whom a meaningful part of social life includes movement and dance, choreographed dance performances that became embodied representations of their narrated experiences in science and their science identity construction. As an identity construction tool, the young people used ethnodance to construct who they were and were becoming vis-à-vis science, extending and expanding their narratives, and transduced emotions within their science experiences and those associated with their agentic choices, resistance, and advocacy. Their ethnodances conveyed how changes to the science course sequence, physics discourse, and expectations from trusted adults limited or hindered their participation in science, and how their agency, in relation to the structures they encountered, constructed, de-constructed, or re-constructed their competence in science. The students’ semiotic choices communicated the experienced (dis)connection between self and science–ballet, lyrical, and contemporary dances represented experiences challenging their position within science, and Black dance, majorette, and hip hop, experiences affirming their place or creating a bridge. Majorette offered students a sense of cultural solidarity, symbolic of their collective and individual overcoming of obstacles faced, frustration and alienation in science, and joy of rising above the struggle. The study suggests that young people need to be reflecting on the identity authoring in the process of experiencing science and science education by developing modal ensembles that express and interrogate this authoring.
Searching for Dark Matter- Theoretical Rates and Exclusion Plots due to the Spin
Creators: name: Vergados, J. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recent WMAP data have confirmed that exotic dark matter together with the vacuum energy (cosmological constant) dominate in the flat Universe. The nature of the dark matter constituents cannot be determined till they are directly detected. Recent developments in particle physics provide a number of candidates as constituents of dark matter, called Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs). Since these interact weakly and are of low energy they cannot excite the target and can only be detected via measuring the recoiling nucleus. For all WIMPs, including the most popular candidate, the lightest supersymmetric particle (LSP), the relevant cross sections arise out of the following mechanisms: i) The coherent mode, due to the scalar interaction. ii) The charge coherent mode, with only proton contribution, as in the recent case of secluded dark matter scenario and iii) The spin contribution arising from the axial current. In this paper we will focus on the spin contribution, which maybe important, especially for light targets.
description: 13 LaTex pages, 10 Figures, 3 tables. Additional figures and new refernces added
D4.5 Blockchain/DLT Standardisation Policy Roadmap (preliminary)
Creators: name: Wurster, Simone
name: Blind, Knut
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Standardisation and standards are significant drivers for economic growth2 and also recognized instruments to address specific economic challenges.

Increased economic and system competition puts the EU and also its values under pressure. These significant current changes in the geopolitical environment call for not only keeping the current but even having a stronger EU presence in international standardisation committees (see European Commission, 2022).

Focusing on blockchain is an important aspect in this context. By creating trust in data in ways that were not possible before, blockchain has the potential to revolutionise how we share infor-mation and carry out transactions online. The European Commission's Blockchain Strategy (Eu-ropean Commission, 2023) under the responsibility of the Directorate-General for Communica-tions Networks, Content and Technology (DG CONNECT) is designed to meet these goals, partic-ularly in terms of trust, transparency, and decentralization (see European Commission, 2023a). For this reason, DG CONNECT is also one of the key addressees of this roadmap, together with the European standardisation organisations (ESOs).

As written in SEEBLOCKS.eu’s Grant Agreement, the roadmap is produced with support from the experts engaged during the project duration and aims to direct future efforts of reinforcing Eu-ropean values, ethics and policies in eight topic areas.

The twenty needs for standardisation and eight needs for policy measures shown in the tables of this document are key results of SEEBLOCKS.eu’s public consultation and central action items of this roadmap.

The topics are categorised according to short, medium and long-term priorities and assigned to the responsibility of various stakeholders. Despite these different responsibilities, the list of short-term priorities is currently quite long. For this reason, the finalisation of the roadmap will also examine the extent to which some short-term priorities would be better considered at a later date to make optimum use of the available resources of the respective stakeholders.

The roadmap’s finalisation, added by the formulation of first milestones is subject to the second version of this report that shall be completed in late spring 2025.
หลักการบริหารองค์กรที่เภสัชกรควรรู้ Principal of Corporate Management for Pharmacists
Creators: name: อภิสิทธิ์ ฉัตรทนานนท์
Publisher: name: คณะเภสัชศาสตร์ ม.ศิลปากร/ โรงพิมพ์มิตรเจริญการพิมพ์ นครปฐม
Year: 2553
Subjects: พฤติกรรมของผู้บริโภค,บทบาทของผู้บริหาร,หลักการบริหาร,แรงจูงใจ

description: 1(มค-ธค), 5, ไทยไภษัชยนิพนธ์
การสื่อสารการตลาดที่เภสัชกรควรรู้ Marketing communications for pharmacists
Creators: name: อภิสิทธิ์ ฉัตรทนานนท์
Publisher: name: คณะเภสัชศาสตร์ ม.ศิลปากร/ โรงพิมพ์มิตรเจริญการพิมพ์ นครปฐม
Year: 2553
Subjects: สื่อสารการตลาด,พฤติกรรมของผู้บริโภค,การประชาสัมพันธ์,การตัดสินใจเลือกสื่อ

description: 1(มค-ธค), 5, ไทยไภษัชยนิพนธ์
Classical Logical versus Quantum Conceptual Thought: Examples in Economics, Decision theory and Concept Theory
Creators: name: Aerts, Diederik
name: D'Hooghe, Bart
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Inspired by a quantum mechanical formalism to model concepts and their disjunctions and conjunctions, we put forward in this paper a specific hypothesis. Namely that within human thought two superposed layers can be distinguished: (i) a layer given form by an underlying classical deterministic process, incorporating essentially logical thought and its indeterministic version modeled by classical probability theory; (ii) a layer given form under influence of the totality of the surrounding conceptual landscape, where the different concepts figure as individual entities rather than (logical) combinations of others, with measurable quantities such as 'typicality', 'membership', 'representativeness', 'similarity', 'applicability', 'preference' or 'utility' carrying the influences. We call the process in this second layer 'quantum conceptual thought', which is indeterministic in essence, and contains holistic aspects, but is equally well, although very differently, organized than logical thought. A substantial part of the 'quantum conceptual thought process' can be modeled by quantum mechanical probabilistic and mathematical structures. We consider examples of three specific domains of research where the effects of the presence of quantum conceptual thought and its deviations from classical logical thought have been noticed and studied, i.e. economics, decision theory, and concept theories and which provide experimental evidence for our hypothesis.
description: 14 pages
title: Masa en la glándula lagrimal. Aproximación al diagnóstico.
Creators: name: López Menéndez, Carlos
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Eyes
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Education
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous

description: Objetivo docente
Revisión del tema
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivo docente:
Los principales objetivos de este trabajo son: Revisar el espectro radiológico de las diferentes patologías que afectan a la glándula y fosa lagrimal. Describir los patrones diferenciales existentes mediante Tomografia Computarizada (TC) y...
How Universal are the Young Cluster Sequences? - the Cases of LMC, SMC, M83 and the Antennae
Creators: name: Pfalzner, S.
name: Eckart, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aims.Recently a new analysis of cluster observations in the Milky Way found evidence that clustered star formation may work under tight constraints with respect to cluster size and density, implying the presence of just two sequences of young massive cluster. These two types of clusters each expand at different rates with cluster age. Methods. Here we investigate whether similar sequences exist in other nearby galaxies. Results:We find that while for the extragalactic young stellar clusters the overall trend in the cluster-density scaling is quite comparable to the relation obtained for Galactic clusters, there are also possible difference. For the LMC and SMC clusters the densities are below the Galactic data points and/or the core radii are smaller than those of data points with comparable density. For M83 and the Antenna clusters the core radii are possibly comparable to the Galactic clusters but it is not clear whether they exhibit similar expansion speeds. These findings should serve as an incentive to perform more systematic observations and analysis to answer the question of a possible similarity between young galactic and extragalactic star clusters sequences.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, A&A in press
GROUP RUNS AND MODIFIED GROUP RUNS CONTROL CHARTS FOR MONITORING LINEAR REGRESSION PROFILES
Creators: name: Ghadge, Onkar
name: Ghute, Vikas
Publisher: name: Reliability: Theory & Applications
Year: 2023
Subjects: Statistical process control
Control chart
Average run length
Linear regression models
profile monitoring

description: Profile monitoring is a critical tool for manufacturing industries to evaluate and maintain quality performance, as well as detect faults. The process of profile monitoring involves observing how variables interact with one another throughout a given period. This enables the understanding of any changes in their functional relationship over time. Generally, control charts are used for monitoring profiles. This paper proposes two new methods to enhance the monitoring of simple and multiple linear regression profiles in Phase II. The proposed methods are based on group runs (GR) and modified group runs (MGR) control charting schemes. The procedure to obtain optimal design parameters for the proposed methods is discussed in detail. The effectiveness of the suggested techniques is assessed through the ARL standard. The study found that the proposed GR and MGR monitoring methods displayed superior performance compared to other available monitoring methods in the literature. A real-life example is illustrated using proposed GR and MGR charting schemes.
IDZ DISTRIBUTION: PROPERTIES AND APPLICATION
Creators: name: Idzhar A. Lakibul
Publisher: name: Reliability: Theory & Applications
Year: 2023
Subjects: Weibull distribution
Exponential distribution
Ailamujia distribution

description: This paper introduces a novel two parameter continuous distribution. This distribution is derived from the mixture of the Exponential, Weibull and Ailamujia distributions. The derived distribution is named as "Idz distribution". The probability density function of the Idz distribution is derived and some of its plots are presented. It can be observed that the Idz distribution can generate right tailed unimodal, non-monotonic decreasing and exponential shapes. Further, survival and hazard functions of the Idz distribution are derived. It reveals that the hazard function of the Idz distribution can accommodate three types of failure rate behaviors, namely, non-monotonic constant, right tailed unimodal and nonmonotonic decreasing. Moreover, some properties of Idz distribution such as moments, mean, variance, moment generating function, order statistics and maximum likelihood estimates are derived. In addition, the proposed distribution is applied into a Breast Cancer data and compare with the Exponentiated Generalized Inverse Rayleigh distribution, the Ailamujia Inverted Weibull distribution and the New Extended Exponentiated-Weibull distribution. Result shows that the Idz distribution gives better estimates as compared with the said distributions for a given dataset.
Sullivan’s theory of minimal models
Creators: name: Deschner, Alan Joseph
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: For a simplicial complex K, the de Rham algebra E*(K) is the differential graded algebra (DGA) of Q-coefficient polynomial forms in the barycentric coordinates of the simplices of K which agree as differential forms on common faces. The associated de Rham cohomology algebra is isomorphic to the simplicial cohomology of K with Q-coefficients by integration of forms over simplices. Given a 1-connected DGA, A, the minimal model of A is a DGA, M, which is free as an algebra, has a differential which decomposes the generators, and which computes the cohomology of A. Such minimal models exist and are unique up to isomorphism. The minimal model M(X) of a 1-connected simplicial complex * X is the minimal model of E*(X) . It depends only on the' rational homotopy type of X. For a fibration K(π,n)→ E→ Y, with E and Y 1-connected, we have (under mild hypothesis) M(E) = M(Y)ØH*(K(π,n) ;Q) with a suitably defined differential. This is applied inductively to the Postnikov decomposition of X to show that the free generators of M(X) correspond to the generators of π[sub *](X)ØQ. The number of these generators which are cocycles is the rank of the rational Hurewicz homomorphism.
A physics-driven sensor placement optimization methodology for temperature field reconstruction
Creators: name: Liu, Xu
name: Yao, Wen
name: Peng, Wei
name: Fu, Zhuojia
name: Xiang, Zixue
name: Chen, Xiaoqian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Perceiving the global field from sparse sensors has been a grand challenge in the monitoring, analysis, and design of physical systems. In this context, sensor placement optimization is a crucial issue. Most existing works require large and sufficient data to construct data-based criteria, which are intractable in data-free scenarios without numerical and experimental data. To this end, we propose a novel physics-driven sensor placement optimization (PSPO) method for temperature field reconstruction using a physics-based criterion to optimize sensor locations. In our methodological framework, we firstly derive the theoretical upper and lower bounds of the reconstruction error under noise scenarios by analyzing the optimal solution, proving that error bounds correlate with the condition number determined by sensor locations. Furthermore, the condition number, as the physics-based criterion, is used to optimize sensor locations by the genetic algorithm. Finally, the best sensors are validated by reconstruction models, including non-invasive end-to-end models, non-invasive reduced-order models, and physics-informed models. Experimental results, both on a numerical and an application case, demonstrate that the PSPO method significantly outperforms random and uniform selection methods, improving the reconstruction accuracy by nearly an order of magnitude. Moreover, the PSPO method can achieve comparable reconstruction accuracy to the existing data-driven placement optimization methods.
title: Hipopituitarismo congénito. Hallazgos de la RM en el eje hipotálamo-hipofisario.
Creators: name: Caminero Pardo, Luis
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Congenital
subject: MR
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: Paediatric

description: Objetivo docente
Revisión del tema
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivo docente:
-Hacer un recuerdo anatómico del eje hipotálamo-hipofisario y de las características normales del mismo en RM. -Describir las alteraciones morfológicas en RM de varios casos con diferentes formas de presentación clínica de hipopituitarismo...
title: Executing Ad-Hoc Queries on Large Geospatial Data Sets Without Acceleration Structures
Creators: name: Bormann, Pascal
name: Krämer, Michel
name: Würz, Hendrik M.
name: Göhringer, Patrick
Publisher: name: Springer Nature Singapore
Year: 2025

description: In this case study, we investigate if it is possible to harness the capabilities of modern commodity hardware to perform ad-hoc queries on large raw geospatial data sets. Normally, this requires building an index structure, which is a time-consuming process. We aim to provide means to individual users who receive a new or updated geospatial data set and want to directly start working with it without having to build such an index structure first. To this end, we conduct various experiments on two distinct types of data: 3D building models and point clouds. For the former, we demonstrate that well-known algorithms such as fast string search allow a wide range of queries to be answered in at most a few seconds on data sets with over a million buildings. The usage of progressive indexing additionally improves query run time by more than a factor of two. Regarding point clouds, we achieve similar run times using the popular LAS file format and a query throughput of up to a billion points per second when using a columnar memory layout. The run time of ad-hoc queries is often on par with that of database-driven solutions, sometimes even outperforming them. Considering that ad-hoc queries require no preprocessing, our results show that they are a viable alternative to acceleration structures when working with geospatial data.
Quantum simulation of parity-time symmetry breaking with a superconducting quantum processor
Creators: name: Dogra, Shruti
name: Melnikov, Artem A.
name: Paraoanu, Gheorghe Sorin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The observation of genuine quantum effects in systems governed by non-Hermitian Hamiltonians has been an outstanding challenge in the field. Here we simulate the evolution under such Hamiltonians in the quantum regime on a superconducting quantum processor by using a dilation procedure involving an ancillary qubit. We observe the parity-time ($\mathcal{PT}$)-symmetry breaking phase transition at the exceptional points, obtain the critical exponent, and show that this transition is associated with a loss of state distinguishability. In a two-qubit setting, we show that the entanglement can be modified by local operations.
Asymptotically linear solutions of differential equations via Lyapunov functions
Creators: name: Mustafa, Octavian G.
name: Tunc, Cemil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 34E05; 34A45

description: We discuss the existence of solutions with oblique asymptotes to a class of second order nonlinear ordinary differential equations by means of Lyapunov functions. The approach is new in this field and allows for simpler proofs of general results regarding Emden-Fowler like equations.
Muons as a tool for background rejection in Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescope arrays
Creators: name: Olivera-Nieto, Laura
name: Mitchell, Alison M. W.
name: Bernlöhr, Konrad
name: Hinton, James A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The presence of muons in air-showers initiated by cosmic ray protons and nuclei is well established as a powerful tool to separate such showers from those initiated by gamma rays. However, so far this approach has been fully exploited only for ground level particle detecting arrays. We explore the feasibility of using Cherenkov light from muons as a background rejection tool for imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescope arrays at the highest energies. We adopt an analytical model of the Cherenkov light from individual muons to allow rapid simulation of a large number of showers in a hybrid mode. This allows us to explore the very high background rejection power regime at acceptable cost in terms of computing time. We show that for very large ($\gtrsim$20 m mirror diameter) telescopes, efficient identification of muon light can potentially lead to background rejection levels up to 10$^{-5}$ whilst retaining high efficiency for gamma rays. While many challenges remain in the effective exploitation of the muon Cherenkov light in the data analysis for imaging Cherenkov telescope arrays, our study indicates that for arrays containing at least one large telescope, this is a very worthwhile endeavor.
description: Accepted for publication in EPJC
INNOVATIVE METHODS OF ENSURING THE FUNCTIONAL SAFETY OF TRAIN CONTROL SYSTEMS
Creators: name: I.B. Shubinsky
name: E.N. Rozenberg
name: H. Schäbe
Publisher: name: Reliability: Theory & Applications
Year: 2023
Subjects: Control system
functional safety
artificial intelligence
safety case
wrong-side failure prediction
digital twin
virtual channels

description: The paper examines the specificity of the modern intelligent control systems. The Big Data technology and Data Science algorithms open up great potential in train traffic management based on hazard prevention. An example is given of high reliability and acceptable accuracy of hazardous railway infrastructure failure prediction using methods based on artificial intelligence. A great deal of attention is given to economical methods of ensuring the required levels of functional safety of train control systems. For that purpose, the efficiency of the digital twin-based method was evaluated. It is shown that, under certain conditions, this method allows significantly reducing the cost of a control system while achieving an acceptably high level of functional safety. The method of virtual second channels is based on the same principle of using information redundancy rather than hardware redundancy. The paper presents and analyses the method of virtual second channels in respect to an axle counter-based train control system. It is established that it is possible to ensure a safety integrity level of an entire control system with a virtual second channel at least as high as SIL3. The above methods ensure, on the one hand, a reduction of the amount of equipment and significantly lower cost of the systems and, on the other hand, requires the creation of additional software and substantiation of the acceptability of the achieved level of functional safety. This matter is within the competence of the developer of the control system.
INTEGRATING TESTING COVERAGE, EFFORT AND CHANGE POINT IN A SOFTWARE RELIABILITY GROWTH MODEL: A COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS
Creators: name: Sudeep Kumar
name: Aggarwal, Anu G.
Publisher: name: Reliability: Theory & Applications
Year: 2023
Subjects: software reliability growth model
testing coverage
change point detection
reliability modelling
testing effort

description: Software reliability growth models (SRGMs) are essential for forecasting and controlling the reliability of software systems. In present article, we propose an enhanced SRGM that incorporates three important factors: testing coverage, testing effort, and change point detection. We introduce a novel testing coverage function that captures the delayed S-shaped behaviour commonly observed in software reliability growth. Weibull distribution is utilized to model the testing effort. Finally, we address the impact of change points in software reliability. To assess how well our suggested model works, we conducted experiments using real-world software failure data provide by Tandem computers. The results demonstrate that our model outperforms existing SRGMs by providing more accurate predictions and a better understanding of the interplay between testing coverage, testing effort, and change points.
Quantum process tomography of adiabatic and superadiabatic stimulated Raman passage
Creators: name: Dogra, Shruti
name: Paraoanu, Gheorghe Sorin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum control methods for three-level systems have become recently an important direction of research in quantum information science and technology. Here we present numerical simulations using realistic experimental parameters for quantum process tomography in STIRAP (stimulated Raman adiabatic passage) and saSTIRAP (superadiabatic STIRAP). Specifically, we identify a suitable basis in the operator space as the identity operator together with the 8 Gell-Mann operators, and we calculate the corresponding process matrices, which have $9\times 9=81$ elements. We discuss these results for the ideal decoherence-free case, as well as for the experimentally-relevant case with decoherence included.
Cosmological matching conditions for gravitational waves at second order
Creators: name: Arroja, Frederico
name: Assadullahi, Hooshyar
name: Koyama, Kazuya
name: Wands, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the second-order matching conditions for tensor metric perturbations at an abrupt change in the equation of state. For adiabatic perturbations on large scales the matching hypersurface coincides with a uniform-density hypersurface. We show that in the uniform-density gauge both the tensor perturbation and its time-derivative are continuous in this case. For non-adiabatic perturbations, the matching hypersurface need not coincide with a uniform-density hypersurface and the tensor perturbation in the uniform-density gauge may be discontinuous. However, we show that in the Poisson gauge both the tensor perturbation and its time-derivative are continuous for adiabatic or non-adiabatic perturbations. As an application we solve the evolution equation for second-order tensor perturbations on large scales for a constant equation of state and we use the matching conditions to evolve the solutions through the transition from an inflationary era to a radiation era. We show that in the radiation era the resulting free part of the large-scale tensor perturbation (constant mode) is slow-roll suppressed in both the uniform-density and Poisson gauges. Thus, we conclude that second-order gravitational waves from slow-roll inflation are suppressed.
description: 19 pages, no figures. v2: References and minor comments added. Published version in PRD
MEASUREMENTS OF BRIDGE STRUCTURES USING NON-DESTRUCTIVE TESTING METHODS AND THEIR STABILITY IN WIND GUSTS
Creators: name: Rotaru, Alena
Publisher: name: Reliability: Theory & Applications
Year: 2023
Subjects: bridge structures
nondestructive
test
methods
risk

description: As bridge structures become older and older, they are subject to wear and tear due to ageing, weather conditions or environmental effects, as well as due to surprise structural modifications substantially affecting the condition of the structures. Therefore, the condition assessment of bridge structures is a must for the safety and absence of risk. The condition assessment of bridge structures is also necessary for the maintenance and repair of existing structures having been in service for more than 30 years, in order to avoid breakdowns and save human lives. This paper states the condition assessment performed with the use of various nondestructive test methods.
Universality of Quantum Gravity Corrections
Creators: name: Das, Saurya
name: Vagenas, Elias C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the existence of a minimum measurable length and the related Generalized Uncertainty Principle (GUP), predicted by theories of Quantum Gravity, influence all quantum Hamiltonians. Thus, they predict quantum gravity corrections to various quantum phenomena. We compute such corrections to the Lamb Shift, the Landau levels and the tunnelling current in a Scanning Tunnelling Microscope (STM). We show that these corrections can be interpreted in two ways: (a) either that they are exceedingly small, beyond the reach of current experiments, or (b) that they predict upper bounds on the quantum gravity parameter in the GUP, compatible with experiments at the electroweak scale. Thus, more accurate measurements in the future should either be able to test these predictions, or further tighten the above bounds and predict an intermediate length scale, between the electroweak and the Planck scale.
description: v1: 4 pages, LaTeX; v2: typos corrected, references updated, version to match published version in Physical Review Letters
title: Tratamiento de lesiones mamarias benignas o probablemente benignas mediante BAV guiada por ecografía: nuestra experiencia.
Creators: name: Garcia Roa, María Dolores
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Vacuum assisted biopsy
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Breast
subject: Interventional non-vascular

description: Objetivos
Material y método
Resultados
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivos:
Con el desarrollo de los sistemas de biopsia de mama mínimamente invasivos,
desde la punción-aspiración con aguja fina (PAAF) para citología y la biopsia con aguja gruesa (BAG) ,
hasta la biopsia asistida por vacío (BAV) ,
la precisión...
Inverted-U aggregate investment curves in a dynamic game of advertising
Creators: name: Lambertini, Luca
name: Zaccour, Georges
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2014
Subjects: SECS-P/01 Economia politica

description: We revisit the relationship between market power and firms' investment incentives in a noncooperative differential oligopoly game in which firms sell differentiated goods and invest in advertising to increase the brand equity of their respective goods. The feedback equilibrium obtains under open-loop rules, and aggregate expenditure on goodwill takes an inverted-U shape under both Cournot and Bertrand behaviour, provided product differentiation is sufficiently high. Total industry expenditure is higher under Cournot competition.
LEVERAGING AUXILIARY VARIABLES: ADVANCING MEAN ESTIMATION THROUGH CONDITIONAL AND UNCONDITIONAL POST-STRATIFICATION
Creators: name: G.R.V. Triveni
name: Faizan Danish
Publisher: name: Reliability: Theory & Applications
Year: 2023
Subjects: Conditional post stratification
Unconditional post stratification
Mean square error

description: This article presents a novel class of estimators designed for post-stratification to estimate the mean of a study variable using information from auxiliary variables. Through a rigorous examination of bias and Mean Square Error (MSE), we demonstrate the potential to improve estimation accuracy up to the first order of approximation. We also thoroughly explore both Conditional and Unconditional post-stratification properties, enhancing our understanding of the estimator's performance. To assess the effectiveness of our proposed estimator, we conduct a comprehensive numerical illustration. The results affirm its superiority over existing estimators in both Conditional and Unconditional Post-stratification scenarios, exhibiting the highest Percentage Relative Efficiency. Additionally, graphical analysis reveals that Conditional post-stratification outperforms Unconditional post-stratification. These findings underscore the significant practical value of our proposed estimator in enhancing the accuracy of mean estimation in post-stratification studies. By accurately estimating population parameters, our novel class of estimators contributes to more informed decision-making in various fields of study. The utilization of auxiliary variables allows for better utilization of available information and leads to more reliable and robust conclusions. Overall, the novel class of estimators introduced in this article represents a valuable contribution to the field of post-stratification. As researchers continue to explore and apply these estimators, they have the potential to revolutionize data analysis methods, becoming indispensable tools for survey and research design. The improvements in estimation accuracy brought about by these estimators are particularly crucial in situations where reliable data is scarce or challenging to obtain, making them invaluable for decision-makers and researchers alike. With the increased accuracy and efficiency of our proposed estimators, they provide a pathway for better resource allocation, cost-effective decision-making, and improved policy formulation. Policymakers and researchers can confidently rely on these estimators to produce more accurate results and achieve better outcomes in various domains. In conclusion, the novel class of estimators for post-stratification presented in this article opens up new avenues for advancing statistical estimation methods. The fusion of auxiliary variables with traditional post-stratification techniques represents a powerful approach to enhance estimation accuracy. Embracing and incorporating these estimators into research practices will undoubtedly bring us closer to making data-driven decisions that have a meaningful impact on society.
Mixed Effects Logistic Regression to Inform Component Weighting for a Graduation Competency Exam
Creators: name: Mattson, Christopher D
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2021
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: This study examines the relationship between medical student performance on a local Graduation Competency Examination (GCE) and national United States Medical Licensing Examination (USMLE) Step 2 Clinical Skills (CS) pass-fail results. An investigation was carried out to determine ideal weighting of GCE components that maximize predictive association with USMLE Step 2 CS pass-fail results. The performance of 1,056 students over 6 academic years on both GCE and USMLE Step 2 CS was analyzed. Pearson correlation coefficients were calculated between GCE components and USMLE Step 2 CS pass-fail results. GCE Patient Note (PN) performance and GCE Communication and Interpersonal Skills (CIS) performance were significantly associated with USMLE Step 2 CS pass-fail result. GCE Physical Exam (PE) performance was not significantly associated with USMLE Step 2 CS pass-fail results. Mixed effects logistic regression models were estimated with USMLE Step 2 CS pass-fail results as outcome, each individual GCE component as fixed effect and year as random effect. Better performance on each of PE, PN and CIS individually was associated with increased odds of USMLE Step 2 CS pass results. A mixed effects logistic regression model was estimated with USMLE Step 2 CS pass-fail results as outcome, all GCE components as fixed effects and year as random effect. Better performance on PN was associated with increased odds of USMLE Step 2 CS pass results. Mixed effects logistic regression models were estimated with USMLE Step 2 CS pass-fail result as outcome, GCE Integrated Clinical Encounter (ICE) performance as fixed effect and year as random effect. Models were estimated using various PE and PN weighting combinations to comprise ICE score (e.g., 100%PE/0%PN, 90%PE/10%PN, 80%PE/20%PN). For all weighting combinations, better performance on ICE was associated with increased odds of USMLE Step 2 CS pass results. Maximum odds were obtained with weighting 20%PE/80%PN.
Additional file 1 of Reduced Vrk2 expression is associated with higher risk of depression in humans and mediates depressive-like behaviors in mice
Creators: name: Yin, Mei-Yu
name: Guo, Lei
name: Zhao, Li-Juan
name: Zhang, Chen
name: Liu, Wei-Peng
name: Zhang, Chu-Yi
name: Huo, Jin-Hua
name: Wang, Lu
name: Li, Shi-Wu
name: Zheng, Chang-Bo
name: Xiao, Xiao
name: Li, Ming
name: Wang, Chuang
name: Chang, Hong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1. Table S1. Association results of the VRK2 SNPs withdepression in Europeans (PGC2, UK Biobank and 23andMe) and Han Chinese(CONVERGE) GWAS. TablesS2. Overviewof the differentially phosphorylated proteins between Vrk2-/-and Vrk2+/+ mice.
Estimating the Explosion Time of Core-Collapse Supernovae from Their Optical Light Curves
Creators: name: Cowen, D. F.
name: Franckowiak, A.
name: Kowalski, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Core-collapse supernovae are among the prime candidate sources of high energy neutrinos. Accordingly, the IceCube collaboration has started a program to search for such a signal. IceCube operates an online search for neutrino bursts, forwarding the directions of candidate events to a network of optical telescopes for immediate follow-up observations. If a supernova is identified from the optical observations, in addition to a directional coincidence a temporal photon-neutrino coincidence also needs to be established. To achieve this, we present a method for estimating the supernova explosion time from its light curve using a simple model. We test the model with supernova light curve data from SN1987A, SN2006aj and SN2008D and show that the explosion times can be determined with an accuracy of better than a few hours.
description: Version accepted for publication by Astroparticle Physics; 13 pages, 5 figures