cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Safe Reinforcement Learning Using Black-Box Reachability Analysis
Creators: name: Selim, Mahmoud
name: Alanwar, Amr
name: Kousik, Shreyas
name: Gao, Grace
name: Pavone, Marco
name: Johansson, Karl H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Reinforcement learning (RL) is capable of sophisticated motion planning and control for robots in uncertain environments. However, state-of-the-art deep RL approaches typically lack safety guarantees, especially when the robot and environment models are unknown. To justify widespread deployment, robots must respect safety constraints without sacrificing performance. Thus, we propose a Black-box Reachability-based Safety Layer (BRSL) with three main components: (1) data-driven reachability analysis for a black-box robot model, (2) a trajectory rollout planner that predicts future actions and observations using an ensemble of neural networks trained online, and (3) a differentiable polytope collision check between the reachable set and obstacles that enables correcting unsafe actions. In simulation, BRSL outperforms other state-of-the-art safe RL methods on a Turtlebot 3, a quadrotor, a trajectory-tracking point mass, and a hexarotor in wind with an unsafe set adjacent to the area of highest reward.
description: This paper is accepted at IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters and International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA)
Optimization of differential infrared thermography for unsteady boundary layer transition measurement
Creators: name: Wolf, C. Christian
name: Mertens, Christoph
name: Gardner, Anthony D.
name: Dollinger, Christoph
name: Fischer, Andreas
Publisher: name: Springer
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Differential infrared thermography (DIT)
subject: infrared image
subject: Boundary layer transition measurements
subject: 600

description: Differential infrared thermography (DIT) is a method of analyzing infrared images to measure the unsteady motion of the laminar–turbulent transition of a boundary layer. It uses the subtraction of two infrared images taken with a short-time delay. DIT is a new technique which already demonstrated its validity in applications related to the unsteady aerodynamics of helicopter rotors in forward flight. The current study investigates a pitch-oscillating airfoil and proposes several optimizations of the original concept. These include the extension of DIT to steady test cases, a temperature compensation for long-term measurements, and a discussion of the proper infrared image separation distance. The current results also provide a deeper insight into the working principles of the technique. The results compare well to reference data acquired by unsteady pressure transducers, but at least for the current setup DIT results in an additional measurement-related lag for relevant pitching frequencies.
Anomalous Hall conductivity control in Mn$_3$NiN antiperovskite by epitaxial strain along the kagome plane
Creators: name: Torres-Amaris, D.
name: Bautista-Hernandez, A.
name: González-Hernández, Rafael
name: Romero, Aldo. H.
name: Garcia-Castro, A. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Antiferromagnetic manganese-based nitride antiperovskites, such as Mn$_3$NiN, hold a triangular frustrated magnetic ordering over their kagome lattice formed by the Mn atoms along the (111)-plane. As such, frustration imposes a non-trivial interplay between the symmetric and asymmetric magnetic interactions, which can only reach equilibrium in a noncollinear magnetic configuration. Consequently, the associated electronic interactions and their possible tuning by external constraints, such as applied epitaxial strain, play a crucial role in defining the microscopic and macroscopic properties of such topological condensed matter systems. Thus, in the present work, we explored and explained the effect of the epitaxial strain imposed within the (111)-plane, in which the magnetic and crystallographic symmetry operations are kept fixed, and only the magnitude of the ionic and electronic interactions are tuned. We found a linear shifting in the energy of the band structure and a linear increase/decrease of the available states near the Fermi level with the applied strain. Concretely, the compression strain reduces the Mn-Mn distances in the (111) kagome plane but linearly increases the separation between the stacked kagome lattices and the available states near the Fermi level. Despite the linear controlling of the available states across the Fermi energy, the anomalous Hall conductivity shows a non-linear behavior where the $σ_{111}$ conductivity nearly vanishes for tensile strain. On the other hand, $σ_{111}$ fetches a maximum increase of 26\% about the unstrained structure for a compression value close to $-$1.5\%.This behavior found an explanation in the non-divergent Berry curvature within the kagome plane, which is increased for constraining but significantly reduced for expansion strain values...
2MASS J154043.42-510135.7: a new addition to the 5 pc population
Creators: name: Perez-Garrido, A.
name: Lodieu, N.
name: Bejar, V. J. S.
name: Ruiz, M. T.
name: Gauza, B.
name: Rebolo, R.
name: Osorio, M. R. Zapatero
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The aim of the project is to find the stars nearest to the Sun and to contribute to the completion of the stellar and substellar census of the solar neighbourhood. We identified a new late-M dwarf within 5 pc, looking for high proper motion sources in the 2MASS-WISE cross-match. We collected astrometric and photometric data available from public large-scale surveys. We complemented this information with low-resolution optical and near-infrared spectroscopy with instrumentation on the ESO NTT to confirm the nature of our candidate. We also present a high-quality medium-resolution VLT/X-shooter spectrum covering the 400 to 2500 nm wavelength range. We classify this new neighbour as an M7.0$\pm$0.5 dwarf using spectral templates from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey and spectral indices. Lithium absorption at 670.8 nm is not detected in the X-shooter spectrum, indicating that the M7 dwarf is older than 600 Myr and more massive than 0.06 M$_{\odot}$. We also derive a trigonometric distance of 4.4 pc, in agreement with the spectroscopic distance estimate, making 2MASS\,J154043.42$-$510135.7 the nearest M7 dwarf to the Sun. This trigonometric distance is somewhat closer than the $\sim$6 pc distance reported by the ALLWISE team, who independently identified this object recently. This discovery represents an increase of 25\% in the number of M7--M8 dwarfs already known at distances closer than 8\,pc from our Sun. We derive a density of $ρ$\,=\,1.9$\pm$0.9$\times$10$^{-3}$\,pc$^{-3}$ for M7 dwarfs in the 8 pc volume, a value similar to those quoted in the literature. This new ultracool dwarf is among the 50 nearest systems to the Sun, demonstrating that our current knowledge of the stellar census within the 5 pc sample remains incomplete. 2M1540 represents a unique opportunity to search for extrasolar planets around ultracool dwarfs due to its proximity and brightness.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures. Acepted in Astronomy & Astrophysics (15/05/2005)
On the Tunability of Highly Anisotropic Composite Piezoelectric Films: Processing and Applications
Creators: name: Grant, Jesse C
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2023
Subjects: Composite and hybrid materials
Polymers and plastics

description: Polymer films possess many advantageous properties, such as mechanical flexibility, toughness, impact resistance, optical transparency, light weight, and low cost, but their behavior related to temperature stability and thermal conductivity and lack of select functionalities render them unsuitable for key applications. In the context of smart materials, piezoelectric ceramics and single crystals provide unmatched electromechanical couplings, mechanical strength, and chemical inertness, at the expense of being brittle, opaque, and high cost. A synergistic combination of properties can be achieved by combining both materials in an anisotropically structured ceramic/polymer composite (with quasi-1–3 connectivity) by the application of external electric field (E-field). In a process called dielectrophoresis, the particles align into through-thickness columns comprising a nanocolumn forest. As a result, the complementary properties greatly enhance the resulting performance, promising to revolutionize the class of smart materials with high-performance applications in actuators, sensors, and transducers. These particle-filled composites also allow for great design flexibility regarding the type of functionalization and the connectivity of each phase. Following the materials-science paradigm comprising the sequence of processing, structure, and properties, the work on these piezoelectric composite materials is broadly organized into materials selection, processing, and applications. In the first study, the kinetics of particle-chain alignment are modeled as a linear step-growth polymerization and the rheokinetics are modeled with the dual-Arrhenius chemoviscosity model. Employing the direct piezoelectric effect, a characterization of the vibration response of the composites complements an evaluation of their suitability as vibration sensor for motor fault detection. Second, for impact sensing, the efficacy of the piezoelectric composite films is evaluated with respect to a novel conceptual sensing system for automotive applications, such as vehicle-to-pedestrian collision detection. Third, applying the indirect piezoelectric effect for sound production as an electroacoustic loudspeaker, the piezoelectric composite films represent a novel approach to flat-panel loudspeakers that are tunable in modulus, with opportunities for mechanical flexibility, optical transparency, and large-area coverage.
Thermographic flow visualization by means of non-negative matrix factorization
Creators: name: Gleichauf, Daniel
name: Dollinger, Christoph
name: Balaresque, Nicholas
name: Gardner, Anthony D.
name: Sorg, Michael
name: Fischer, Andreas
Publisher: name: Elsevier Science
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Thermographic flow visualization
subject: Boundary layer measurement
subject: Computer Vision
subject: Temperature inhomogeneity
subject: Non-negative matrix factorization
subject: Contrast enhancement
subject: 600

description: In order to investigate the areas of different flow regimes in the boundary layer of an airfoil, thermography is a powerful flow visualization tool. However, the distinguishability between boundary layer flow regimes such as laminar or turbulent is limited due to systematic and random inhomogeneity in the measured temperature field, hindering a clear separation of the flow regimes. In order to increase the distinguishability of different flow regimes, a time series of thermographic images is evaluated by means of a non-negative matrix factorization. As a result, the non-negative matrix factorization creates images that contain the dominant features of the measured images, while reducing systematic temperature gradients within the flow regimes by up to a factor of five. This way an increase of the distinguishability between every pair of consecutive flow regimes can be achieved on the surface of a non-heated cylinder in cross-flow condition. As a further application example of the non-negative matrix factorization, the distinguishability between the flow and the laminar-turbulent transition zone on a heated helicopter airfoil is also increased by a factor of five. Hence, non-negative matrix factorization is capable of enhancing thermographic flow visualization for increasing the distinguishability of different flow phenomena.
Disrupting the Digital Humanities: An Introduction
Creators: name: Kim, Dorothy
name: Stommel, Jesse
Publisher: name: punctum books
Year: 2018

description: Much of this introduction was written before the world went to shit. The chapters here, no matter how recently written, can’t keep at bay a world being actively undone. We find ourselves wonder-ing  why  and  how  this  work  even  matters.  What  has  the  digital  humanities community done collectively for #BlackLivesMatter? What  place  is  there  for  pedagogy  in  a  world  where  education  has been so systematically devalued, where students worry that even their classroom isn’t safe from an ICE raid? How do we rally when so many are complicit? Scholarship can only vaguely hope to keep up. And so these are not really the questions of this vol-ume. But they should be. As a field like digital humanities squab-bles,  the  world  around  it  is  laid  to  waste.  Academic  turf  wars  have  no  place  in  a  world  of  mass-shootings,  fear-mongering,  xenophobia,  and  white  supremacy.  Demanding  fellow  scholars  do a literature review before speaking their mind has no place in a world of AR-15 assault rifles and weaponized algorithms. When something as basic as going to the bathroom lacks dignity for so many, we have no use for double-blind peer review.
Geometrical statistics of the vorticity vector and the strain rate tensor in rotating turbulence
Creators: name: Del Castello, Lorenzo
name: Clercx, Herman J. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report results on the geometrical statistics of the vorticity vector obtained from experiments in electromagnetically forced rotating turbulence. A range of rotation rates $Ω$ is considered, from non-rotating to rapidly rotating turbulence with a maximum background rotation rate of $Ω=5$ rad/s (with Rossby number much smaller than unity). Typically, in our experiments ${\rm{Re}}_λ\approx 100$. The measurement volume is located in the centre of the fluid container above the bottom boundary layer, where the turbulent flow can be considered locally statistically isotropic and horizontally homogeneous for the non-rotating case, see van Bokhoven et al., Phys. Fluids 21, 096601 (2009). Based on the full set of velocity derivatives, measured in a Lagrangian way by 3D Particle Tracking Velocimetry, we have been able to quantify statistically the effect of system rotation on several flow properties. The experimental results show how the turbulence evolves from almost isotropic 3D turbulence ($Ω\lesssim 0.2$ rad/s) to quasi-2D turbulence ($Ω\approx 5.0$ rad/s) and how this is reflected by several statistical quantities. In particular, we have studied the orientation of the vorticity vector with respect to the three eigenvectors of the local strain rate tensor and with respect to the vortex stretching vector. Additionally, we have quantified the role of system rotation on the self-amplification terms of the enstrophy and strain rate equations and the direct contribution of the background rotation on these evolution equations. The main effect is the strong reduction of extreme events and related (strong) reduction of the skewness of PDFs of several quantities such as, for example, the intermediate eigenvalue of the strain rate tensor and the enstrophy self-amplification term.
description: 17 pages, 6 figures, 3 tables
Albumblatt
Creators: name: Gellert, Christian Fürchtegott
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1763

description: von Christian Fürchtegott Gellert
description: Eigenhändiges Albumblatt mit Unterschrift. Auf der Rückseite mit aufgeklebtem Kupferstich, abgebildet ist das Epitaph von Gellert
description: Stiftung Sammlung Karl Geigy-Hagenbach
description: Deutsch
description: Verzeichnung=Description=Inventaire Oktober 2016 HAN-Katalogisierungsregeln Rekatalogisierung nach Original, Verzeichnis von Karl Geigy-Hagenbach und Briefkatalog der UB Basel
Brief an [Friedrich Nicolai]
Creators: name: Weiße, Christian Felix
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1759

description: An den Buchhändler und Schriftsteller Friedrich Nicolai, der ihn veranlasst hatte, die Redaktion der "Bibliothek der schönen Wissenschaften und freien Künste" vom fünften Band an zu übernehmen
description: von [Christian Felix] W[eisse]
description: Eigenhändiger Brief mit Unterschrift
description: Stiftung Sammlung Karl Geigy-Hagenbach
description: Deutsch
description: Verzeichnung=Description=Inventaire Oktober 2016 HAN-Katalogisierungsregeln Rekatalogisierung nach Original, Verzeichnis von Karl Geigy-Hagenbach und Briefkatalog der UB Basel
A Letter to the Humanities: DH Will Not Save You"
Creators: name: Koh, Adeline
Publisher: name: punctum books
Year: 2018

description: I am often asked about the digital humanities and how it can up-date, make relevant, and provide funding for many a beleaguered humanities  department.  Some  faculty  at  underfunded  institu-tions imagine DH is going to revitalize their discipline—it’s go-ing  to  magically  interest  undergraduates,  give  faculty  research  funding, and exponentially increase enrollment.Well,  the  reality  is  this:  what  has  until  recently  been  com-monly  understood  as  real  “Digital  Humanities”  is  already  be-lated and is not going to save humanities departments from ever bigger budget cuts and potential dissolution.
Brief an [William Eaton]
Creators: name: Klopstock, Friedrich Gottlieb
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1776

description: von [Friedrich Gottlieb] Klopstock
description: Eigenhändiger Brief mit Unterschrift
description: Stiftung Sammlung Karl Geigy-Hagenbach
description: Deutsch
description: Verzeichnung=Description=Inventaire Oktober 2016 HAN-Katalogisierungsregeln Rekatalogisierung nach Original, Verzeichnis von Karl Geigy-Hagenbach und Briefkatalog der UB Basel
Broadband terahertz generation from metamaterials
Creators: name: Luo, Liang
name: Chatzakis, Ioannis
name: Wang, Jigang
name: Niesler, Fabian B. P.
name: Wegener, Martin
name: Koschny, Thomas
name: Soukoulis, Costas M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The terahertz spectral regime, ranging from about 0.1 to 15 THz, is one of the least explored yet most technologically transformative spectral regions. One current challenge is to develop efficient and compact terahertz emitters/detectors with a broadband and gapless spectrum that can be tailored for various pump photon energies. Here we demonstrate efficient single-cycle broadband THz generation, ranging from about 0.1 to 4 THz, from a thin layer of split-ring resonators with few tens of nanometers thickness by pumping at the telecommunications wavelength of 1.5 micrometer (200 THz). The terahertz emission arises from exciting the magnetic-dipole resonance of the split-ring resonators and quickly decreases under off-resonance pumping. This, together with pump polarization dependence and power scaling of the terahertz emission, identifies the role of optically induced nonlinear currents in split-ring resonators. We also reveal a giant sheet nonlinear susceptibility $\sim$10$^{-16}$ m$^2$V$^{-1}$ that far exceeds thin films and bulk non-centrosymmetric materials.
description: The final, published version in Nature Communications, Nat. Commun. 5:3055 doi: 10.1038/ncomms4055 (2014).Nat. Commun. 5:3055
Behind the Machine's Gaze: Neural Networks with Biologically-inspired Constraints Exhibit Human-like Visual Attention
Creators: name: Schwinn, Leo
name: Precup, Doina
name: Eskofier, Björn
name: Zanca, Dario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: By and large, existing computational models of visual attention tacitly assume perfect vision and full access to the stimulus and thereby deviate from foveated biological vision. Moreover, modeling top-down attention is generally reduced to the integration of semantic features without incorporating the signal of a high-level visual tasks that have been shown to partially guide human attention. We propose the Neural Visual Attention (NeVA) algorithm to generate visual scanpaths in a top-down manner. With our method, we explore the ability of neural networks on which we impose a biologically-inspired foveated vision constraint to generate human-like scanpaths without directly training for this objective. The loss of a neural network performing a downstream visual task (i.e., classification or reconstruction) flexibly provides top-down guidance to the scanpath. Extensive experiments show that our method outperforms state-of-the-art unsupervised human attention models in terms of similarity to human scanpaths. Additionally, the flexibility of the framework allows to quantitatively investigate the role of different tasks in the generated visual behaviors. Finally, we demonstrate the superiority of the approach in a novel experiment that investigates the utility of scanpaths in real-world applications, where imperfect viewing conditions are given.
description: 31 pages, 14 figures, 4 tables
Magnetically regulated collapse in the B335 protostar? II. Observational constraints on gas ionization and magnetic field coupling
Creators: name: Cabedo, Victoria
name: Maury, Anaelle
name: Girart, Josep Miquel
name: Padovani, Marco
name: Hennebelle, Patrick
name: Houde, Martin
name: Zhang, Qizhou
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Non-ideal magnetohydrodynamic effects that rule the coupling of the magnetic field to the circumstellar gas during the low-mass star formation process depend heavily on the local physical conditions, such as the ionization fraction of the gas. The purpose of this work is to observationally characterize the level of ionization of the circumstellar gas at small envelope radii and investigate its relation to the efficiency of the coupling between the star-forming gas and the magnetic field in the Class 0 protostar B335. We have obtained molecular line emission maps of B335 with ALMA, which we use to measure the deuteration fraction of the gas, its ionization fraction, and the cosmic-ray ionization rate, at envelope radii $\lesssim$1000 au. We find large fractions of ionized gas, $χ_{e} \simeq 1-8 \times 10^{-6}$. Our observations also reveal an enhanced ionization that increases at small envelope radii, reaching values up to $ζ_{CR} \simeq 10^{-14}$~s$^{-1}$ at a few hundred au from the central protostellar object. We show that this extreme ionization rate can be attributed to the presence of cosmic rays accelerated close to the protostar. We report the first resolved map of the cosmic-ray ionization rate at scales $\lesssim 1000$~au in a solar-type Class 0 protostar, finding remarkably high values. Our observations suggest that local acceleration of cosmic rays, and not the penetration of interstellar Galactic cosmic rays, may be responsible for the gas ionization in the inner envelope, potentially down to disk forming scales. If confirmed, our findings imply that protostellar disk properties may also be determined by local processes setting the coupling between the gas and the magnetic field, and not only by the amount of angular momentum available at large envelope scales and the magnetic field strength in protostellar cores.
description: A&A, Forthcoming article
SeD Radical: A probe for measurement of time variation of Fine Structure Constant($α$) and Proton to Electron Mass Ratio($μ$)
Creators: name: Ganguly, Gaurab
name: Sen, Avijit
name: Mukherjee, Manas
name: Paul, Ankan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on the spectroscopic constants derived from highly accurate potential energy surfaces, the SeD radical is identified as a spectroscopic probe for measuring spatial and temporal variation of fundamental physical constants such as the fine-structure constant (denoted as $α=\frac{e^2}{\hbar c}$) and the proton-to-electron mass ratio (denoted as $μ=\frac{m_p}{m_e}$). The ground state of SeD ($X^2Π$), due to spin-orbit coupling, splits into two fine structure multiplets $^2Π_{\frac{3}{2}}$ and $^2Π_{\frac{1}{2}}$. The potential energy surfaces of these spin-orbit components are derived from a state of the art electronic structure method, MRCI+Q inclusive of scalar relativistic effects with the spin-orbit effects accounted through the Breit-Pauli operator. The relevant spectroscopic data are evaluated using Murrel-Sorbie fit to the potential energy surfaces. The spin-orbit splitting($ω_f$) between the two multiplets is similar in magnitude with the harmonic frequency ($ω_e$) of the diatomic molecule. The amplification factor derived from this theoretical method for this particular molecule can be as large as 350, on the lower side it can be about 34. The significantly large values of K indicate that SeD radical can be a plaussible experimental candidate for measuring variation in $α$ and $μ$.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures and 3 tables
Brief an [Friedrich Nicolai]
Creators: name: Gleim, Johann Wilhelm Ludwig
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1767

description: An Nicolai, dem er die "Choix de poesie allemandes par Mr. Huber" geschickt, die er aber schon habe. (Kat. Geigy-Hagenbach)
description: von [Johann Wilhelm Ludwig] Gleim
description: Eigenhändiger Brief mit Unterschrift
description: Stiftung Sammlung Karl Geigy-Hagenbach
description: Deutsch
description: Verzeichnung=Description=Inventaire Oktober 2016 HAN-Katalogisierungsregeln Rekatalogisierung nach Original, Verzeichnis von Karl Geigy-Hagenbach und Briefkatalog der UB Basel
The Myth and the Millennialism of "Disruptive Innovation"
Creators: name: Watters, Audrey
Publisher: name: punctum books
Year: 2018

description: Folklorists often balk at the common usage of the word “myth” to  mean  “lie.”  A  myth,  by  their  disciplinary  definition,  is  quite  the  opposite.  A  myth  is  a  culture’s  sacred  story.  It  involves  su-pernatural  or  supreme  beings  —  gods.  It  explains  origins  and  destinies. A myth is the Truth. So when I say that “disruptive innovation” is one of the great myths  of  the  contemporary  business  world,  particularly  of  the  tech industry, I don’t mean by “myth” that Clayton Christensen’s explanation  of  changes  to  markets  and  business  models  and  technologies  is  a  falsehood.  (I  have  an  MA  in  Folklore,  not  an  MBA — so that’s part of it, for sure.) Rather, my assigning “myth” to  “disruptive  innovation”  is  meant  to  highlight  the  ways  in  which  this  narrative  has  been  widely  accepted  as  unassailably  true. No doubt (as a Harvard professor) Christensen has faced very  little  skepticism  or  criticism  about  his  theory  concerning  the transformation of industries — why, it’s as if The Innovator’s Dilemma were some sort of sacred text.
Frequency estimation under non-Markovian spatially correlated quantum noise: Restoring superclassical precision scaling
Creators: name: Riberi, Francisco
name: Norris, Leigh M.
name: Beaudoin, Felix
name: Viola, Lorenza
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the estimation precision attainable by entanglement-enhanced Ramsey interferometry in the presence of spatiotemporally correlated non-classical noise. Our analysis relies on an exact expression of the reduced density matrix of the qubit probes under general zero-mean Gaussian stationary dephasing, which is established through cumulant-expansion techniques and may be of independent interest in the context of non-Markovian open dynamics. By continuing and expanding our previous work [Beaudoin et al., Phys. Rev. A 98, 020102(R) (2018)], we analyze the effects of a non-collective coupling regime between the qubit probes and their environment, focusing on two limiting scenarios where the couplings may take only two or a continuum of possible values. In the paradigmatic case of spin-boson dephasing noise from a thermal environment, we find that it is possible to suppress, on average, the effect of spatial correlations by randomizing the location of the probes, as long as enough configurations are sampled where noise correlations are negative. As a result, superclassical precision scaling is asymptotically restored for initial entangled states, including experimentally accessible one-axis spin-squeezed states.
description: 26 + 12 pages, 6 figures
The Rhetoric of Disruption: What are We Doing Here?
Creators: name: Worley, Meg
Publisher: name: punctum books
Year: 2018

description: I started out hating the title of this volume. Disruption has a spe-cial place in the mythology of my native land of Silicon Valley: Every startup promises disruptive technologies that will change the  industry  forever,  and  “Don’t  think  outside  the  box—blow  up all the boxes!” is written in invisible ink on the business card of every VC on Sand Hill Road. “Why do we want to disrupt the digital humanities?” I muttered to myself. Why would we want to  borrow  the  rhetoric  and  methodology  of  Kleiner  Perkins  (which was known as a hegemonic boys club long before Ellen Pao sued them)? Is the Harvard MBA Program really the place to turn for new models of innovation in humanistic inquiry? Can’t we  effect  change—deep,  meaningful  change—without  adopt-ing the language of one of the most inequitable neighborhoods of  late-stage  capitalism?  But  in  the  course  of  trying  to  find  a  place for my thoughts about community, conversation, and the digital  humanities  under  an  umbrella  that  is  labeled  disrupt, I  have  found  my  way  to  a  new  understanding  of  what  we  are  doing here. What follows is an anatomy, a taxonomy, even a ge-nealogy of the term “disrupt” and a discussion of the questions that precipitate out of each usage of the word. The emphasis on questions rather than answers is intentional and, I think, important, for if we are to diversify the digital humanities, there must be room for multiple solutions to every problem.
On Effective Actions from Holography
Creators: name: Domokos, Sophia K.
name: Field, Matan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Inspired by holographic Wilsonian renormalization, we propose a novel perspective on the low-energy effective actions of confining gauge theories with gravity duals. By identifying the IR-boundary value of a certain bulk field as overlapping with the lightest mode of the field theory, we derive its on-shell effective action by integrating over the rest of the geometry. We illustrate the details of this formalism by computing chiral Lagrangian coefficients in a simple AdS/QCD toy model, finding agreement with previous results. At higher orders we obtain new results in that model, including a closed form for the four-pion scattering amplitude to all orders in momentum. Finally, we reformulate our method in terms of bulk Feynman diagrams.
description: 39 pages, prepared for submission to JHEP
Extreme Mass-Ratio Binary Black Hole Merger: Characteristics of the Test-Particle Limit
Creators: name: Rom, Barak
name: Sari, Re'em
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study binary black hole mergers in the extreme mass-ratio limit. We determine the energy, angular momentum, and linear momentum of the post-merger, remnant black hole. Unlike previous works, we perform our analysis directly in the test-particle limit by solving the Regge-Wheeler-Zerilli wave equation with a source that moves along a geodesic. We rely on the fact that toward the merger, small mass-ratio binary systems follow a quasiuniversal geodesic trajectory. This formalism captures the final premerger stages of small mass-ratio binaries and thus provides a straightforward universal description in a region inaccessible to numerical relativity simulations. We present a general waveform template that may be used in the search for gravitational wave bursts from small and intermediate mass-ratio binary systems. Finally, this formalism gives a formal proof that the recoil velocity is quadratic in the symmetric mass ratio $ν$. Specifically, the velocity is given by $V/c\approx 0.0467 ν^2$. This result is about $4\%$ larger than previously estimated. Most of this difference stems from the inclusion of higher multipoles in our calculation.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures. Accepted for publication in Physical Review D
Illustris viri Ottonis Nosticii tumulus
Creators: name: Opitz, Martin
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1597
Subjects: Nostitz, Otto

description: Lateinisches Gedicht, undatiert mit Unterschrift, Grabinschrift von 12 Zeilen für Otto Nostiz
description: von [Martin Opitz]
description: Stiftung Sammlung Karl Geigy-Hagenbach
description: Lateinisch
description: Verzeichnung=Description=Inventaire September 2016 HAN-Katalogisierungsregeln Rekatalogisierung nach Original, Verzeichnis von Karl Geigy-Hagenbach und Briefkatalog der UB Basel
Public Digital Humanities
Creators: name: Stommel, Jesse
Publisher: name: punctum books
Year: 2018

description: I  am  going  back  and  re-reading  a  handful  of  articles  from  the  1970s published in the journal “Computers and the Humanities.”1I am struck by how innovative and imaginative so many of these articles are. I am also struck and saddened by how little the field has  progressed.  R.L.  Widmann,  one  of  my  dearest  mentors,  wrote (five years before I was born), “the increasing numbers of works which do use computers with intelligence and perceptive-ness demonstrate the versatility to which the scholar’s imagina-tion  can  be  put.  It  was  a  very  good  year.”2  The  year  was  1971.  The pieces I’m reading outline the 6 or 7 or 8 new (and revolu-tionary) approaches being used for thinking about the intersec-tions between computers and the humanities. These pieces also map  something  very  close  to  the  current  philosophical  terrain  of digital humanities pedagogy. They do so with an intense cu-riosity about what else might be possible. In R.L.’s work, there is no entrenchment. There is no unwillingness to account for edge cases. The limits of what counts and doesn’t count are described repeatedly as “arbitrary.” I’m certain the field wasn’t entirely rosy in 1971, but I have an incredible amount of hope reading these now  and  thinking  about  what  we  might  be  able  to  discover  in  the next 45 years.
Photographie mit Widmung und Unterschrift von William und Catherine Booth
Creators: name: Booth, William
name: Booth, Catherine Mumford
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1829
Subjects: Booth, Catherine Mumford1829-1890CatherineBooth
Booth, William1829-1912Vil'iamButs

description: Foto von General William Booth und seiner Frau Catherine, von beiden unterschrieben, mit einigen Zeilen von ihm auf der Rückseite.
description: Stiftung Sammlung Karl Geigy-Hagenbach
description: Englisch
description: Verzeichnung=Description=Inventaire September 2016 HAN-Katalogisierungsregeln Rekatalogisierung nach Original, Verzeichnis von Karl Geigy-Hagenbach und Briefkatalog der UB Basel
On the Optimal Choice of Spin-Squeezed States for Detecting and Characterizing a Quantum Process
Creators: name: Rozema, Lee A.
name: Mahler, Dylan H.
name: Blume-Kohout, Robin
name: Steinberg, Aephraim M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum metrology uses quantum states with no classical counterpart to measure a physical quantity with extraordinary sensitivity or precision. Most metrology schemes measure a single parameter of a dynamical process by probing it with a specially designed quantum state. The success of such a scheme usually relies on the process belonging to a particular one-parameter family. If this assumption is violated, or if the goal is to measure more than one parameter, a different quantum state may perform better. In the most extreme case, we know nothing about the process and wish to learn everything. This requires quantum process tomography, which demands an informationally-complete set of probe states. It is very convenient if this set is group-covariant -- i.e., each element is generated by applying an element of the quantum system's natural symmetry group to a single fixed fiducial state. In this paper, we consider metrology with 2-photon ("biphoton") states, and report experimental studies of different states' sensitivity to small, unknown collective SU(2) rotations ("SU(2) jitter"). Maximally entangled N00N states are the most sensitive detectors of such a rotation, yet they are also among the worst at fully characterizing an a-priori unknown process. We identify (and confirm experimentally) the best SU(2)-covariant set for process tomography; these states are all less entangled than the N00N state, and are characterized by the fact that they form a 2-design.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
Universal Design and Its Discontents
Creators: name: Hsy, Jonathan
name: Godden, Rick
Publisher: name: punctum books
Year: 2018

description: This  collaborative  essay  offers  two  perspectives  on  disability  and  universalism  in  the  fields  of  Digital  Humanities  (DH)  and  Universal Design (UD). One of the authors, Richard H. Godden, considers  how  a  particular  experience  of  disability  shapes  his  use of media and also informs his reactions to proscriptive state-ments about the use of technology; the other author, Jonathan Hsy, writes as a nondisabled ally who considers some of the dis-cursive and practical complications that arise in efforts to make the  web  more  accessible  to  people  with  disabilities.  While  we  each come from different perspectives, both of us seek to inter-rogate what it exactly means for a community to establish a set of “best practices” for the use of technology, and we both reveal how even the most well-intentioned universalist discourses can risk effacing crucial particularities of embodied experience.
Superconductivity, generalized random phase approximation and linear scaling methods
Creators: name: Peotta, Sebastiano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The superfluid weight is an important observable of superconducting materials since it is related to the London penetration depth of the Meissner effect. It can be computed from the change in the grand potential (or free energy) in response to twisted boundary conditions in a torus geometry. Here we review the Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer mean-field theory emphasizing its origin as a variational approximation for the grand potential. The variational parameters are the effective fields that enter in the mean-field Hamiltonian, namely the Hartree-Fock potential and the pairing potential. The superfluid weight is usually computed by ignoring the dependence of the effective fields on the twisted boundary conditions. However, it has been pointed out in recent works that this can lead to unphysical results, particularly in the case of lattice models with flat bands. As a first result, we show that taking into account the dependence of the effective fields on the twisted boundary conditions leads in fact to the generalized random phase approximation. Our second result is providing the mean-field grand potential as an explicit function of the one-particle density matrix. This allows us to derive the expression for the superfluid weight within the generalized random phase approximation in a transparent manner. Moreover, reformulating mean-field theory as a well-posed minimization problem in terms of the one-particle density matrix is a first step towards the application to superconducting systems of the linear scaling methods developed in the context of electronic structure theory.
description: 24 pages, 1 figure. Final published version with modified abstract and introduction to provide a better presentation of the results
DH as "Disruptive Innovation" for Restorative Social Justice: Virtual Heritage and 3D Reconstructions of South Africa's Township Histories
Creators: name: Nieves, Angel
Publisher: name: punctum books
Year: 2018

description: Much of this essay constitutes an initial effort to frame an open access  digital-first  publication  tentatively  entitled,  Apartheid Heritage(s): A Spatial History of South Africa’s Black Townships with  Stanford  University  Press  as  its  designated  publisher.  The  project involves the development of a multi-modal 3D  qualita-tive geospatial archive and platform for research into the apart-heid-era  “South  Western  Townships,”  better  known  as  Soweto,  outside Johannesburg, South Africa.Some  background  is  needed  to  better  situate  this  research.  In 2011, the United Nations issued a report that declared inter-net access a human right.1 (Interestingly, on that same day two-thirds of Syria’s internet access had gone dark — something that was  likely  the  work  of  the  Assad  regime  in  response  to  unrest  in  that  country.)  In  2013,  a  group  of  scholars  from  across  the  United  States  approached  the  Alliance  of  Digital  Humanities  Organizations (ADHO) with a proposal for a new special interest group (or SIG) with a focus on social justice and human rights. As  one  step  forward,  the  group  developed  an  “advisory  docu-ment for  building  collaborative  projects,  conducting  events,  gathering sensitive data, and composing scholarly communica-tions with social justice issues and human rights in mind.”2  As  part of the initial group of scholars who worked to develop this special interest group, I was much more invested in the poten-tial praxis-based strategies we might develop — perhaps a list of ethical  guidelines  or  even  a  kind  of  social  justice  toolkit — for engaging  in  community-centered  digital  humanities  projects.  Some of what I will be discussing in this essay is in itself filled with  some  controversy  and  is  worthy  of  further  debate  with  regard  to  issues  of  ethics,  “reality,”  and  truth  as  applied  to  his-torical reconstructions — specifically computer-generated visu-alizations of historic landscapes and buildings within contested areas  in  certain  fields — as  issues  of  power  and  representation  cannot be overlooked.
Fast computation of the circular map
Creators: name: Nasser, Mohamed M. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 30C30, 65R20

description: This paper presents a new numerical implementation of Koebe's iterative method for computing the circular map of bounded and unbounded multiply connected regions of connectivity $m$. The computational cost of the method is $O(mn\ln n)$ where $n$ is the number of nodes in the discretization of each boundary component. The accuracy and efficiency of the presented method are demonstrated by several numerical examples. These examples include regions with high connectivity, regions whose boundaries are closer together, and regions with piecewise smooth boundaries.
Non-invasive transmission electron microscopy of vacancy defects in graphene produced by ion irradiation
Creators: name: Lehtinen, Ossi
name: Tsai, I-Ling
name: Jalil, Rashid
name: Nair, Rahul R.
name: Keinonen, Juhani
name: Kaiser, Ute
name: Grigorieva, Irina V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Irradiation with high-energy ions has been widely suggested as a tool to engineer properties of graphene. Experiments show that it indeed has a strong effect on its transport, magnetic and mechanical characteristics. However, to use ion irradiation as an engineering tool requires understanding of the type and detailed characteristics of the produced defects which is still lacking, as the use of high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) - the only technique allowing direct imaging of atomic-scale defects - often modifies or even creates defects during imaging, thus making it impossible to determine the intrinsic atomic structure. Here we show that encapsulating the studied graphene sample between two other (protective) graphene sheets allows non-invasive HRTEM imaging and reliable identification of atomic-scale defects. Using this simple technique, we demonstrate that proton irradiation of graphene produces reconstructed monovacancies, which explains the profound effect that such defects have on magnetic and transport properties. This finding resolves the existing uncertainty with regard to the effect of ion irradiation on the electronic structure of graphene.
description: 18 pages, 6 figures and Supplementary Information (4 supplementary figures)
Brief an [Johann Christoph Gatterer]
Creators: name: Möser, Justus
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1769

description: von [Justus] Möser
description: Eigenhändiger Brief mit Unterschrift
description: Stiftung Sammlung Karl Geigy-Hagenbach
description: Deutsch
description: Briefe / Justus Möser ; ed. E. Beins und W. Pleister. Hannover, 1939, Nr. 145
description: Verzeichnung=Description=Inventaire Oktober 2016 HAN-Katalogisierungsregeln Rekatalogisierung nach Original, Verzeichnis von Karl Geigy-Hagenbach und Briefkatalog der UB Basel
title: Phytophthora em Castanea sativa Mill. (castanheiro)
Creators: name: Prospero, Simone
name: Vannini, Andrea
name: Vettraino, Anna Maria
Publisher: name: Julius Kühn-Institut , Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants
Year: 2013

description: JKI Data Sheets Plant Pests and Diagnosis; 2013/29
description: O castanheiro Europeu (ou doce) (Castanea sativa Mill.) e a unica especie nativa do genero Castanea, na Europa. A sua area natural de distribuicao esta provavelmente  localizada na regiao da Asia Menor projetando-se atraves da regiao do Mar Negro ate a regiao ocidental do Caucaso. Atualmente, esta especie encontra-se largamente distribuida pela Europa desde a zona ocidental ate a zona oriental (http://www.discoverlife.org) em areas onde a media anual de precipitacao e superior a 600 mm, a estacao seca e de curta duracao, e os solos sao levemente acidos (pH 4.5-6.5) (Urbisz & Urbisz, 2007).  A plantacao de C. sativa na Europa tem grande tradicao (Conedera et al., 2004). Esta especie apresenta um elevado valor economico devido a producao do seu fruto comestivel e a excelente madeira que apresenta interessantes carateristicas tecnologicas. Alem disso, os soutos tem um importante papel no setor agro ecologico, tal como, na protecao contra o fogo e erosao, servem de habitat para varias especies da fauna selvagem e fornecem areas de recreio.  Para a producao da castanha comercial tem sido desenvolvidas diferentes cultivares (variedades cultivadas), incluindo alguns hibridos derivados de cruzamentos entre o castanheiro Europeu e o Japones (C. crenata). As cultivares diferem em muitas caracteristicas, como por exemplo, no tamanho e nas propriedades organoleticas da castanha.