cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The heat budget of Quesnel Lake, British Columbia
Creators: name: Potts, Daniel John
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Quesnel Lake, a long, narrow fjord lake in the Interior Plateau, is the deepest lake in British Columbia (506 m). This pristine, oligotrophic lake and its watershed are a cornerstone of the province's salmon fishery, and were historically home to up to 30% of the Fraser River sockeye run. The transport processes and spatial distribution of oxygen and nutrients in the lake are controlled by temperature stratification; therefore, a solid understanding of the lake's thermal structure and of the dynamics controlling that structure is vital to ecological management decisions. Water temperatures in the lake were measured with two thermistor moorings, one of which reached a depth of 283 m. Weather data recorded at Williams Lake airport were used to estimate heat and mass fluxes at the lake surface. The temperatures of the three largest inflowing rivers were measured, and river flow rates were measured or estimated. Inflows estimated from historic flow data balanced the water budget well except during the summer of 2003, which was unseasonably dry. In fall as the surface waters cooled towards 4°C, the mixed layer deepened until the entire water column briefly became isothermal. Because of pressure effects on water's temperature of maximum density, 1-D transport processes cannot explain this isothermal condition. Episodic cooling of the deep water during winter was likewise inexplicable by 1-D principles. During spring warming, the mixed layer deepened only to 153 m, and complete turnover did not occur. The heat content of the lake reached a maximum on 23 August 2003 and a minimum on 11 March 2004. The heat budget, or difference between minimum and maximum heat content was 1.72 GJm-2 (41.1 kcal cm-2 ). Heat flux estimates overpredicted the lake's heat budget by 3.5%, and indicated that shortwave and longwave radiation and evaporation were dominant. Flows across a sill into the lake's West Basin were estimated by two methods, using conservation of volume and conservation of heat energy. The estimated flow rates were comparable to the limits imposed by 2-layer inviscid hydraulic control. Temperature fluctuations in Quesnel River were due to basin- and lake-scale internal motions.
Quantitative description of the fruit industry and fruit supply chains in Poland
Creators: name: Lemanowicz, M.
name: Krukowski, A.
name: Lemanowicz, M.
name: Krukowski, A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: fruit production
subject: fruit consumption
subject: fruit industry
subject: fruit supply chains
subject: trade
subject: horticulture

description: The development of consumer-driven, efficient, responsive and innovative supply chains is crucial for the growth of fruit consumption in Europe and for a competitive, sustainable fruit sector. Currently, fruit supply chains are characterized by a relatively low level of consumer orientation and consumer-driven innovations. The awareness of the functioning of supply chains in the European fruit sector should be increased to be able to increase the level of consumer-drivenness, efficiency, and responsiveness of fruit supply chains. This paper presents the results of review of fruit supply chains’ from the fruit industry in Poland. The analysis of supply chains is preceded by a review of fruit consumption, fruit production, trade characteristic and trends. Moreover, the role of different actors in the functioning of fruit supply chains is presented as well as their quantitative characteristics. To present the characteristics of the fruit industry in Poland with particular attention to functioning of supply chains in Poland, desk research was carried out. This type of research includes use of general access sources of information. The following sources were used: literature on functioning of supply chains and role of particular actors in a chain, analyses considering characteristic of fruit industry conducted by various research institutes as well as reports on a current state and development perspectives of fruit market in Poland. In addition, statistical data from the national statistical office were used.
Significantly improving zero-shot X-ray pathology classification via fine-tuning pre-trained image-text encoders
Creators: name: Jang, Jongseong
name: Kyung, Daeun
name: Kim, Seung Hwan
name: Lee, Honglak
name: Bae, Kyunghoon
name: Choi, Edward
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Deep neural networks are increasingly used in medical imaging for tasks such as pathological classification, but they face challenges due to the scarcity of high-quality, expert-labeled training data. Recent efforts have utilized pre-trained contrastive image-text models like CLIP, adapting them for medical use by fine-tuning the model with chest X-ray images and corresponding reports for zero-shot pathology classification, thus eliminating the need for pathology-specific annotations. However, most studies continue to use the same contrastive learning objectives as in the general domain, overlooking the multi-labeled nature of medical image-report pairs. In this paper, we propose a new fine-tuning strategy that includes positive-pair loss relaxation and random sentence sampling. We aim to improve the performance of zero-shot pathology classification without relying on external knowledge. Our method can be applied to any pre-trained contrastive image-text encoder and easily transferred to out-of-domain datasets without further training, as it does not use external data. Our approach consistently improves overall zero-shot pathology classification across four chest X-ray datasets and three pre-trained models, with an average macro AUROC increase of 4.3%. Additionally, our method outperforms the state-of-the-art and marginally surpasses board-certified radiologists in zero-shot classification for the five competition pathologies in the CheXpert dataset.
Stochastic mSQG equations with multiplicative transport noises: white noise solutions and scaling limit
Creators: name: Luo, Dejun
name: Zhu, Rongchan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider the modified Surface Quasi-Geostrophic (mSQG) equation on the 2D torus $\mathbb{T}^2$, perturbed by multiplicative transport noise. The equation admits the white noise measure on $\mathbb{T}^2$ as the invariant measure. We first prove the existence of white noise solutions to the stochastic equation via the method of point vortex approximation, then, under a suitable scaling limit of the noise, we show that the solutions converge weakly to the unique stationary solution of the dissipative mSQG equation driven by space-time white noise. The weak uniqueness of the latter equation is also proved by following Gubinelli and Perkowski's approach in \cite{GP-18}.
description: 49 pages
Superconductivity in type-II Weyl-semimetal WTe2 induced by a normal metal contact
Creators: name: Kononov, Artem
name: Endres, Martin
name: Abulizi, Gulibusitan
name: Qu, Kejian
name: Yan, Jiaqiang
name: Mandrus, David G.
name: Watanabe, Kenji
name: Taniguchi, Takashi
name: Schönenberger, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: WTe$_2$ is a material with rich topological properties: it is a 2D topological insulator as a monolayer and a Weyl-semimetal and higher-order topological insulator (HOTI) in the bulk form. Inducing superconductivity in topological materials is a way to obtain topological superconductivity, which lays at the foundation for many proposals of fault tolerant quantum computing. Here, we demonstrate the emergence of superconductivity at the interface between WTe$_2$ and the normal metal palladium. The superconductivity has a critical temperature of about 1.2 K. By studying the superconductivity in perpendicular magnetic field, we obtain the coherence length and the London penetration depth. These parameters correspond to a low Fermi velocity and a high density of states at the Fermi level. This hints to a possible origin of superconductivity due to the formation of flat bands. Furthermore, the critical in-plane magnetic field exceeds the Pauli limit, suggesting a non-trivial nature of the superconducting state.
description: As accepted to Journal of Applied Physics, 7 pages, 4 figures
Distribution Dynamics of Food Price Inflation Rates in EU: An Alternative Conditional Density Estimator Approach
Creators: name: Liontakis, Angelos E.
name: Papadas, Christos T.
name: Liontakis, Angelos E.
name: Papadas, Christos T.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Kernel density estimator
subject: convergence
subject: distribution dynamics
subject: food price inflation.

description: This paper examines the existence of convergence and distribution dynamics of food price inflation rates within the European Union. Differences in such specific price index inflation rates and changes in their regional distributions reflect largely differences and developments in market conditions and structures. Traditional measures and approaches to β-convergence and σ-convergence, fail to capture sufficiently the evolving distributional dynamics. The latter includes possible mobility prospects within distributions and potential formation of clubs. To deal with these issues, the paper adopts developments in the literature of non parametric econometric methods and employs an alternative conditional density estimator as well. Implementation of this estimator is superior, not only to the restrictive discrete Markov chain approaches, but also to the usual estimation of conditional densities using stochastic kernels. The adopted estimator has smaller integrated mean square error than the conventional estimators. Panel data analysis of β-convergence is conducted too, using panel unit root tests. Data used are the harmonized consumer price indices of food and eleven specific food product groups for 15 European countries, older member states of the EU. Extracted evidence based on the estimates is presented, analyzed, and conclusions are discussed.
Testing market efficiency of crude palm oil futures to European participants
Creators: name: Liu, Xing
name: Liu, Xing
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: CPO
subject: BMD
subject: efficiency
subject: futures
subject: cointegration
subject: VECM.

description: Palm oil is the most consumed and traded vegetable oils in the EU and the world. Increasing non-food uses for vegetable oils in especially feedstock of biofuels in recent years have caused the price volatility to rise in both EU and global market. The most efficient pricing of crude palm oil (CPO) is to found on Bursa Malaysia (BMD), and it provides by far the world’s most liquid palm oil contract. The goal of this study is to investigate CPO futures market efficiency of BMD for the European participants whose delivery location in EU. Both Johanson cointegration test and Vector Error Cointegration Mechnism (VECM) are conducted to test long-run and short-run efficiency test for the European spot market and four different futures forecasting horizons that are one week, two weeks, one month and two months. Evidence suggests that a long-run equilibrium relationship exists between the futures price and spot price for all forecasting horizons. The unbiasedness of futures price with respect to the spot price in the long-term can be approved for all but the forecasting period of two weeks. Furthermore, the short-term efficiency hypothesis is rejected for the forecasting periods of one week and two month but is approved for the forecasting periods of two weeks and two months.
Additional file 2 of Prognostic significance of natural killer cell-associated markers in gastric cancer: quantitative analysis using multiplex immunohistochemistry
Creators: name: Na, Hee Young
name: Park, Yujun
name: Nam, Soo Kyung
name: Koh, Jiwon
name: Kwak, Yoonjin
name: Ahn, Sang-Hoon
name: Park, Do Joong
name: Kim, Hyung-Ho
name: Lee, Kyu Sang
name: Lee, Hye Seung
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 2: Table S2. The panel information and order of sequential IHC antibody.
Drivers of consumer’s adoption of innovative food
Creators: name: Loizou, Efstratios
name: Michailidis, Anastasios
name: Tzimitra-Kalogianni, Irene
name: Loizou, Efstratios
name: Michailidis, Anastasios
name: Tzimitra-Kalogianni, Irene
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: adoption
subject: consumption
subject: food
subject: innovative products
subject: multivariate analysis.

description: Over the last years, food safety, health and environmental issues are a few among many other reasons that force consumers to adopt new innovative food products – organic, private label, genetically modified and functional – as part of their consumption. This spectacular shift of the consumption forwards “innovative” food products attracts the interest of the analyst as it can shed new light on consumer’s behaviour and on modeling and understanding better his long-term behaviour. Thus, this study attempts to investigate the factors that influence consumer’s decision in purchasing either traditional or new innovative products and to what extend this shift between those two groups of products is related to pre-defined elements. This is achieved by employing both descriptive statistics and multivariate analysis. Two-step cluster analysis was used to explore the different levels of innovative products adoption and a categorical regression model was estimated to determine the relation between consumer’s characteristics and willingness to adopt innovative products.
Nonuniversal finite-size scaling in anisotropic systems
Creators: name: Chen, X. S.
name: Dohm, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the bulk and finite-size critical behavior of the O$(n)$ symmetric $ϕ^4$ theory with spatially anisotropic interactions of non-cubic symmetry in $d<4$ dimensions. In such systems of a given $(d,n)$ universality class, two-scale factor universality is absent in bulk correlation functions, and finite-size scaling functions including the Privman-Fisher scaling form of the free energy, the Binder cumulant ratio and the Casimir amplitude are shown to be nonuniversal. In particular it is shown that, for anisotropic confined systems, isotropy cannot be restored by an anisotropic scale transformation.
description: 8 pages, 1 figure, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. E and modifications of text
Additional file 1 of Evidence of nonverbal communication between nurses and older adults: a scoping review
Creators: name: Keutchafo, Esther L. Wanko
name: Kerr, Jane
name: Jarvis, Mary Ann
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1.
Anomalous Exciton Hall Effect
Creators: name: Kozin, V. K.
name: Shabashov, V. A.
name: Kavokin, A. V.
name: Shelykh, I. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is well known that electrically neutral excitons can still be affected by crossed electric and magnetic fields that make them move in a direction perpendicular to both fields. We show that a similar effect appears in the absence of external electric fields, in the case of scattering of an exciton flow by charged impurities in the presence of the external magnetic field. As a result, the exciton flow changes the direction of its propagation that may be described in terms of the Hall conductivity for excitons. We develop a theory of this effect, which we refer to as the anomalous exciton Hall effect, to distinguish it from the exciton Hall effect that arises due to the valley selective exciton transport in transition metal dichalcogenides. According to our estimations, the effect is relatively weak for optically active or bright excitons in conventional GaAs quantum wells, but it becomes significant for optically inactive or dark excitons, because of the difference of the lifetimes. This makes the proposed effect a convenient tool for spatial separation of dark and bright excitons.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures, published in PRL
Cobalt‐exchanged poly(heptazine imides) as transition Metal–Nx electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction
Creators: name: Ye, Meng‐Yang
name: Li, Shuang
name: Zhao, Xiaojia
name: Tarakina, Nadezda V.
name: Teutloff, Christian
name: Chow, Wing Ying
name: Bittl, Robert
name: Thomas, Arne
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: carbon nitride
subject: electrocatalysis
subject: M–Nx–C
subject: oxygen evolution reaction
subject: poly(heptazine imides)
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::539 Moderne Physik
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::615 Pharmakologie, Therapeutik

description: Poly(heptazine imides) hosting cobalt ions as countercations are presented as promising electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). A facile mixed‐salt melt‐assisted condensation is developed to prepare such cobalt poly(heptazine imides) (PHI‐Co). The Co ions can be introduced in well‐controlled amounts using this method, and are shown to be atomically dispersed within the imide‐linked heptazine matrix. When applied to electrocatalytic OER, PHI‐Co shows a remarkable activity with an overpotential of 324 mV and Tafel slope of 44 mV dec−1 in 1 m KOH.
Hungarian consumer behavior analysis in terms of healthy nutrition
Creators: name: Lorinczi, Krisztian
name: Bacs, Zoltan
name: Nagy, Adrian Szilard
name: Lorinczi, Krisztian
name: Bacs, Zoltan
name: Nagy, Adrian Szilard
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Consumer Behavior
subject: Market Analysis
subject: Health
subject: Way of Life

description: Food marketing should pay special attention to emphasizing healthy nutrition and lifestyle as a result of the lifestyle trends and bad dietary habits. Regarding the close relationship between consumer behavior and lifestyle, the influence of healthy nutrition on purchase decisions should be an important factor in the consumer purchase decision analysis. Soft drinks have a major role in the intake of liquids and energy necessary for life. A certain level of soft drink consumption can be part of a proper diet. The potential problems arise from excessive consumption endangering especially children and young people. In addition to the contents of soft drinks, the problem can be the displacing in consumption of other useful foods having an important role in nutrient intake. Consumers differ in their expectations toward the ingredients and content of soft drinks. This research aims to determine whether consumer groups can be differentiated based on their requirements. A countrywide representative analysis was conducted in Hungary in terms of the importance and the role of health factor by purchase decision process. According to the research it can be ascertained that perceived health and the consciousness of health plays a marginal role by decision. Based on the market research in terms of healthy way of life well separated prospective target groups can be found among the population in Hungary.
Pigmentation chemistry and radical‐based collagen degradation in alkaptonuria and osteoarthritic cartilage
Creators: name: Chow, Wing Ying
name: Norman, Brendan P.
name: Roberts, Norman B.
name: Ranganath, Lakshminarayan R.
name: Teutloff, Christian
name: Bittl, Robert
name: Duer, Melinda J.
name: Gallagher, James A.
name: Oschkinat, Hartmut
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: EPR spectroscopy
subject: fibrous proteins
subject: metabolism
subject: NMR spectroscopy
subject: radicals
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::530 Physik
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::615 Pharmakologie, Therapeutik

description: Alkaptonuria (AKU) is a rare disease characterized by high levels of homogentisic acid (HGA); patients suffer from tissue ochronosis: dark brown pigmentation, especially of joint cartilage, leading to severe early osteoarthropathy. No molecular mechanism links elevated HGA to ochronosis; the pigment's chemical identity is still not known, nor how it induces joint cartilage degradation. Here we give key insight on HGA‐derived pigment composition and collagen disruption in AKU cartilage. Synthetic pigment and pigmented human cartilage tissue both showed hydroquinone‐resembling NMR signals. EPR spectroscopy showed that the synthetic pigment contains radicals. Moreover, we observed intrastrand disruption of collagen triple helix in pigmented AKU human cartilage, and in cartilage from patients with osteoarthritis. We propose that collagen degradation can occur via transient glycyl radicals, the formation of which is enhanced in AKU due to the redox environment generated by pigmentation.
Additional file 1 of Prognostic significance of natural killer cell-associated markers in gastric cancer: quantitative analysis using multiplex immunohistochemistry
Creators: name: Na, Hee Young
name: Park, Yujun
name: Nam, Soo Kyung
name: Koh, Jiwon
name: Kwak, Yoonjin
name: Ahn, Sang-Hoon
name: Park, Do Joong
name: Kim, Hyung-Ho
name: Lee, Kyu Sang
name: Lee, Hye Seung
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. List of reagents and software used in the present study
Logic Mill -- A Knowledge Navigation System
Creators: name: Erhardt, Sebastian
name: Ghosh, Mainak
name: Buunk, Erik
name: Rose, Michael E.
name: Harhoff, Dietmar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Logic Mill is a scalable and openly accessible software system that identifies semantically similar documents within either one domain-specific corpus or multi-domain corpora. It uses advanced Natural Language Processing (NLP) techniques to generate numerical representations of documents. Currently it leverages a large pre-trained language model to generate these document representations. The system focuses on scientific publications and patent documents and contains more than 200 million documents. It is easily accessible via a simple Application Programming Interface (API) or via a web interface. Moreover, it is continuously being updated and can be extended to text corpora from other domains. We see this system as a general-purpose tool for future research applications in the social sciences and other domains.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures, 1 table
Self-organized critical dynamics of a directed bond percolation model
Creators: name: Ray, Subhankar
name: Dutta, Tapati
name: Shamanna, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study roughening interfaces with a constant slope that become self organized critical by a rule that is similar to that of invasion percolation. The transient and critical dynamical exponents show Galilean invariance. The activity along the interface exhibits non-trivial power law correlations in both space and time. The probability distribution of the activity pattern follows an algebraic relation.
description: 5 journal pages, 4 figures
The Orbital Mechanics of Space Elevator Launch Systems
Creators: name: Peet, Matthew M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The construction of a space elevator would be an inspiring feat of planetary engineering of immense cost and risk. But would the benefit outweigh the costs and risks? What, precisely, is the purpose for building such a structure? For example, what if the space elevator could provide propellant-free (free release) orbital transfer to every planet in the solar system and beyond on a daily basis? In our view, this benefit might outweigh the costs and risks. But can a space elevator provide such a service? In this manuscript, we examine 3 tiers of space elevator launch system design and provide a detailed mathematical analysis of the orbital mechanics of spacecraft utilizing such designs. We find the limiting factor in all designs is the problem of transition to the ecliptic plane. For Tiers 1 and 2, we find that free release transfers to all the outer planets is possible, achieving velocities far beyond the ability of current Earth-based rocket technology, but with significant gaps in coverage due to planetary alignment. For Tier 3 elevators, however, we find that fast free release transfers to all planets in the solar system is possible on a daily basis. Finally, we show that Tier 2 and 3 space elevators can potentially use counterweights to perform staged slingshot maneuvers, providing a velocity multiplier which could dramatically reduce transit times to outer planets and interstellar destinations.
description: updated for final submission to journal Acta Astronautica
DPack: Efficiency-Oriented Privacy Budget Scheduling
Creators: name: Tholoniat, Pierre
name: Kostopoulou, Kelly
name: Chowdhury, Mosharaf
name: Cidon, Asaf
name: Geambasu, Roxana
name: Lécuyer, Mathias
name: Yang, Junfeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Machine learning (ML) models can leak information about users, and differential privacy (DP) provides a rigorous way to bound that leakage under a given budget. This DP budget can be regarded as a new type of compute resource in workloads of multiple ML models training on user data. Once it is used, the DP budget is forever consumed. Therefore, it is crucial to allocate it most efficiently to train as many models as possible. This paper presents the scheduler for privacy that optimizes for efficiency. We formulate privacy scheduling as a new type of multidimensional knapsack problem, called privacy knapsack, which maximizes DP budget efficiency. We show that privacy knapsack is NP-hard, hence practical algorithms are necessarily approximate. We develop an approximation algorithm for privacy knapsack, DPack, and evaluate it on microbenchmarks and on a new, synthetic private-ML workload we developed from the Alibaba ML cluster trace. We show that DPack: (1) often approaches the efficiency-optimal schedule, (2) consistently schedules more tasks compared to a state-of-the-art privacy scheduling algorithm that focused on fairness (1.3-1.7x in Alibaba, 1.0-2.6x in microbenchmarks), but (3) sacrifices some level of fairness for efficiency. Therefore, using DPack, DP ML operators should be able to train more models on the same amount of user data while offering the same privacy guarantee to their users.
description: Published at EuroSys '25. v2: camera-ready version
Special Geometry and the Swampland
Creators: name: Cecotti, Sergio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the context of 4d effective gravity theories with 8 supersymmetries, we propose to unify, strenghten, and refine the several swampland conjectures into a single statement: the structural criterion, modelled on the structure theorem in Hodge theory. In its most abstract form the new swampland criterion applies to all 4d $\mathcal{N}=2$ effective theories (having a quantum-consistent UV completion) whether supersymmetry is \emph{local} or rigid: indeed it may be regarded as the more general version of Seiberg-Witten geometry which holds both in the rigid and local cases. As a first application of the new swampland criterion we show that a quantum-consistent $\mathcal{N}=2$ supergravity with a cubic pre-potential is necessarily a truncation of a higher-$\mathcal{N}$ \textsc{sugra}. More precisely: its moduli space is a Shimura variety of `magic' type. In all other cases a quantum-consistent special Kähler geometry is either an arithmetic quotient of the complex hyperbolic space $SU(1,m)/U(m)$ or has no \emph{local} Killing vector. Applied to Calabi-Yau 3-folds this result implies (assuming mirror symmetry) the validity of the Oguiso-Sakurai conjecture in Algebraic Geometry: all Calabi-Yau 3-folds $X$ without rational curves have Picard number $ρ=2,3$; in facts they are finite quotients of Abelian varieties. More generally: the Kähler moduli of $X$ do not receive quantum corrections if and only if $X$ has infinite fundamental group. In all other cases the Kähler moduli have instanton corrections in (essentially) all possible degrees.
description: 94 pages, 2 figures
Bounds on buoyancy driven flows with Navier-slip conditions on rough boundaries
Creators: name: Bleitner, Fabian
name: Nobili, Camilla
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 80A19, 76R10, 35Q35

description: We consider two-dimensional Rayleigh-Bénard convection with Navier-slip and fixed temperature boundary conditions at the two horizontal rough walls described by the height function $h$. We prove rigorous upper bounds on the Nusselt number $\text{Nu}$ which capture the dependence on the curvature of the boundary $κ$ and the (non-constant) friction coefficient $α$ explicitly. If $h\in W^{2,\infty}$ and $κ$ satisfies a smallness condition with respect to $α$, we find $$ \text{Nu}\lesssim \text{Ra}^{\frac{1}{2}}+\|κ\|_{\infty}\,,$$ where $\text{Ra}$ is the Rayleigh number, which agrees with the predicted Spiegel-Kraichnan scaling when $κ=0$. This bound is obtained via local regularity estimates in a small strip at the boundary. When $h\in W^{3,\infty}$, the functions $κ$ and $α$ are sufficiently small in $L^{\infty}$ and the Prandtl number $\Pr$ is sufficiently large, we prove upper bounds using the background field method, which interpolate between $\text{Ra}^{\frac{1}{2}}$ and $\text{Ra}^{\frac{5}{12}}$ with non-trivial dependence on $α$ and $κ$. These bounds agree with the result in Drivas et al (2022 Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 380 20210025) for flat boundaries and constant friction coefficient. Furthermore, in the regime $\Pr\geq \text{Ra}^{\frac 57}$, we improve the $\text{Ra}^{\frac 12}$-upper bound, showing $$\text{Nu}\lesssim_{α,κ}\text{Ra}^{\frac{3}{7}}\,,$$ where $\lesssim_{α,κ}$ hides an additional dependency of the implicit constant on $α$ and $κ$.
description: 39 pages, 5 figures
title: Monolayers of MoS2 on Ag(111) as decoupling layers for organic molecules
title: resolution of electronic and vibronic states of TCNQ
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Yousofnejad, Asieh
name: Reecht, Gael
name: Krane, Nils
name: Lotze, Christian
name: Franke, Katharina J.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: coupling layer
subject: molybdenum disulfide (MoS2)
subject: scanning tunneling microscopy
subject: tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ)
subject: vibronic states
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::539 Moderne Physik

description: The electronic structure of molecules on metal surfaces is largely determined by hybridization and screening by the substrate electrons. As a result, the energy levels are significantly broadened and molecular properties, such as vibrations are hidden within the spectral line shapes. Insertion of thin decoupling layers reduces the line widths and may give access to the resolution of electronic and vibronic states of an almost isolated molecule. Here, we use scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy to show that a single layer of MoS2 on Ag(111) exhibits a semiconducting bandgap, which may prevent molecular states from strong interactions with the metal substrate. We show that the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) of tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ) molecules is significantly narrower than on the bare substrate and that it is accompanied by a characteristic satellite structure. Employing simple calculations within the Franck–Condon model, we reveal their vibronic origin and identify the modes with strong electron–phonon coupling.
Hot entanglement? -- Parametrically coupled quantum oscillators in two heat baths: instability, squeezing and driving
Creators: name: Arısoy, Onat
name: Hsiang, Jen-Tsung
name: Hu, Bei-Lok
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Entanglement being a foundational cornerstone of quantum sciences and the primary resource in quantum information processing, understanding its dynamical evolution in realistic conditions is essential. Unfortunately, numerous model studies show that degradation of entanglement from a quantum system's environment, especially thermal noise, is almost unavoidable. Thus the appellation `hot entanglement' appears like a contradiction, until Galve et al [Phys. Rev. Lett. \textbf{105} 180501 (2010)] announced that entanglement can be kept at high temperatures if one considers a quantum system with time-dependent coupling between the two parties, each interacting with its individual bath. With the goal of understanding the sustenance of entanglement at high temperatures, working with the same model and set up as Galve et al, namely, parametrically-driven coupled harmonic oscillators interacting with their own Markovian baths, this work probes into the feasibility of `hot entanglement' from three aspects listed in the subtitle. Our findings show that 1) hot entanglement functions only in the unstable regimes, 2) instability is a necessary but not sufficient condition, and 3) the power intake required by the drive operating in the unstable regime to sustain entanglement increases exponentially. The last factor indicates that hot entanglement under this modeling is theoretically untenable and its actual implementation likely unattainable.
description: 35 pages, 12 figures
Pentaquark implications for exotic mesons
Creators: name: Burns, T.
name: Close, F. E.
name: Dudek, J. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: If the exotic baryon $Θ^+(1540)$ is a correlated $udud\bar{s}$ with $J^P = {1/2}^+$, then there should exist an exotic meson, $J^P = 1^-$ $\vartheta^+ (S=+2)$ $\to K^+K^0$ $\sim 1.6$GeV with width $O(10-100)$MeV. The $π_1(1400;1600)$ may be broad members of {\bf 10} $\pm$ \10bar in such a picture. Vector mesons in the 1.4 - 1.7GeV mass range are also compared with this picture.
Additional file 3 of Prognostic significance of natural killer cell-associated markers in gastric cancer: quantitative analysis using multiplex immunohistochemistry
Creators: name: Na, Hee Young
name: Park, Yujun
name: Nam, Soo Kyung
name: Koh, Jiwon
name: Kwak, Yoonjin
name: Ahn, Sang-Hoon
name: Park, Do Joong
name: Kim, Hyung-Ho
name: Lee, Kyu Sang
name: Lee, Hye Seung
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 3: Figure S1. Representative figures of immune and tumor cells expressing CD3 (A), CD57 (B) and cytokeratin (C) (40×). Cells expressing each molecular marker were visualized by assigning colors, CD3 (D), CD57 (E), cytokeratin (F).
Vibrational Excitation Mechanism in Tunneling Spectroscopy beyond the Franck-Condon Model
Creators: name: Reecht, Gael
name: Krane, Nils
name: Lotze, Christian
name: Zhang, Lei
name: Briseno, Alejandro L.
name: Franke, Katharina J.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Adsorbed molecules
subject: Surfaces
subject: Scanning tunneling microscopy
subject: Scanning tunneling spectroscopy
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::539 Moderne Physik

description: Vibronic spectra of molecules are typically described within the Franck-Condon model. Here, we show that highly resolved vibronic spectra of large organic molecules on a single layer of MoS2 on Au(111) show spatial variations in their intensities, which cannot be captured within this picture. We explain that vibrationally mediated perturbations of the molecular wave functions need to be included into the Franck-Condon model. Our simple model calculations reproduce the experimental spectra at arbitrary position of the scanning tunneling microscope’s tip over the molecule in great detail.
Transverse structure of strong interactions at LHC: From diffraction to new particle production
Creators: name: Frankfurt, L.
name: Strikman, M.
name: Weiss, C.
name: Zhalov, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the global structure of pp events at LHC with hard processes (particle production in two-parton collisions) on the basis of the transverse spatial characteristics of the partonic initial state. Studies of hard exclusive processes in ep scattering have shown that the transverse area occupied by partons with x >= 10^{-2} is much smaller than the size of the nucleon as it appears in generic inelastic pp collisions at high energies ("two-scale picture"). We show that this is consistent with the observation that the elastic pp amplitude at the Tevatron energy is close to the black body limit at small impact parameters. Our picture implies that inclusive heavy particle production (Higgs, SUSY) happens only in central pp collisions. At LHC energies, the final state characteristics of such events are strongly influenced by the approach to the black body limit, and thus may differ substantially from what one expects based on the extrapolation of Tevatron results. Our two-scale picture also allows us to analyze several types of hard diffractive processes observable at LHC: i) Diffractive proton dissociation into three jets, which probes small-size configurations in the proton wave function; ii) exclusive diffractive Higgs production, in which we estimate the rapidity gap survival probability; iii) inclusive diffractive processes.
description: 12 pages, 11 figures. To appear in the proceedings of "Physics at LHC", Vienna, Austria, July 13-17, 2004
Jakoba H. Mulder: pionera en el diseño urbano
Creators: name: Díaz Reiriz, Alejandra
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Urbanismo
Pioneras
Jakoba Mulder
Plan de Amsterdam
Espacios públicos

description: [Resumen]

 En este trabajo que se presenta a continuación se pretende investigar sobre la figura de Jakoba Mulder y la influencia que han tenido sus ideas y proyectos sobre la arquitectura y el urbanismo de Amsterdam. Para ello repasaremos su papel como codirectora junto Cornelis van Eesteren y como directora del Departamento de Diseño Urbano de Amsterdam analizando las distintas actuaciones realizadas por ella en la ciudad de Amsterdam durante más de treinta años.

[Abstract]

This work presented below aims to investigate the figure of Jakoba Mulder and the influence that his ideas and projects have had on the architecture and urbanism of Amsterdam. To this end, we will review her role as co-director together with Cornelis van Eesteren and as director of the Amsterdam Department of Urban Design, analysing the different actions she has carried out in the city of Amsterdam for more than thirty years
description: Trabajo Fin de Grado. Universidade da Coruña. Escuela Técnica Superior de Arquitectura. Curso 2018-2019
Quantum Monte Carlo Study of Disordered Fermions
Creators: name: Lee, Ji-Woo
name: Chandrasekharan, Shailesh
name: Baranger, Harold U.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a strongly correlated fermionic model with attractive interactions in the presence of disorder in two spatial dimensions. Our model has been designed so that it can be solved using the recently discovered meron-cluster approach. Although the model is unconventional it has the same symmetries of the Hubbard model. Since the naive algorithm is inefficient, we develop a new algorithm by combining the meron-cluster technique with the directed-loop update. This combination allows us to compute the pair susceptibility and the winding number susceptibility accurately. We find that the s-wave superconductivity, present in the clean model, does not disappear until the disorder reaches a temperature dependent critical strength. The critical behavior as a function of disorder close to the phase transition belongs to the Berezinsky-Kosterlitz-Thouless universality class as expected. The fermionic degrees of freedom, although present, do not appear to play an important role near the phase transition.
description: published version, more data added to Fig 5 and clarifications in text, 8 pages
Homogenization of high-contrast media in finite-strain elastoplasticity
Creators: name: Davoli, Elisa
name: Gavioli, Chiara
name: Pagliari, Valerio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 49J45, 74B20, 74C15, 74E30, 74Q05

description: This work is devoted to the analysis of the interplay between internal variables and high-contrast microstructure in inelastic solids. As a concrete case-study, by means of variational techniques, we derive a macroscopic description for an elastoplastic medium. Specifically, we consider a composite obtained by filling the voids of a periodically perforated stiff matrix by soft inclusions. We study the $Γ$-convergence of the related energy functionals as the periodicity tends to zero. The main challenge is posed by the lack of coercivity brought about by the degeneracy of the material properties in the soft part. We prove that the $Γ$-limit, which we compute with respect to a suitable notion of convergence, is the sum of the contributions resulting from each of the two components separately. Eventually, convergence of the energy minimizing configurations is obtained.
description: 39 pages. The content of the paper was originally part of version 1 of arXiv:2204.09084, which has now been split into two parts
Almost Ricci-like solitons with torse-forming vertical potential of constant length on almost contact B-metric manifolds
Creators: name: Manev, Mancho
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C25, 53C44, 70G45

description: A generalization of Ricci-like solitons with torse-forming potential, which is a constant multiple of the Reeb vector field, is studied. The conditions under which these solitons are equivalent to almost Einstein-like metrics are given. Some results are obtained for a parallel symmetric second-order covariant tensor. Finally, an explicit example of an arbitrary dimension is given and some of the results are illustrated.
description: 12 pages, v2: the first part of v1 under the condition for the constancy of k and clarification of the example
Additional file 4 of Prognostic significance of natural killer cell-associated markers in gastric cancer: quantitative analysis using multiplex immunohistochemistry
Creators: name: Na, Hee Young
name: Park, Yujun
name: Nam, Soo Kyung
name: Koh, Jiwon
name: Kwak, Yoonjin
name: Ahn, Sang-Hoon
name: Park, Do Joong
name: Kim, Hyung-Ho
name: Lee, Kyu Sang
name: Lee, Hye Seung
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 4: Table S3. Immune cell density in spatial context.
Additional file 4 of The adaptive designs CONSORT extension (ACE) statement: a checklist with explanation and elaboration guideline for reporting randomised trials that use an adaptive design
Creators: name: Dimairo, Munyaradzi
name: Pallmann, Philip
name: Wason, James
name: Todd, Susan
name: Jaki, Thomas
name: Julious, Steven A.
name: Mander, Adrian P.
name: Weir, Christopher J.
name: Koenig, Franz
name: Walton, Marc K.
name: Nicholl, Jon P.
name: Coates, Elizabeth
name: Biggs, Katie
name: Hamasaki, Toshimitsu
name: Proschan, Michael A.
name: Scott, John A.
name: Ando, Yuki
name: Hind, Daniel
name: Altman, Douglas G.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 4: Appendix D. Example of a CONSORT flowchart for reporting 2-stage adaptive design (such as inferential seamless) that use combination test methods.
Multi-Modal and Multi-Resolution Data Fusion for High-Resolution Cloud Removal: A Novel Baseline and Benchmark
Creators: name: Xu, Fang
name: Shi, Yilei
name: Ebel, Patrick
name: Yang, Wen
name: Zhu, Xiao Xiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Cloud removal is a significant and challenging problem in remote sensing, and in recent years, there have been notable advancements in this area. However, two major issues remain hindering the development of cloud removal: the unavailability of high-resolution imagery for existing datasets and the absence of evaluation regarding the semantic meaningfulness of the generated structures. In this paper, we introduce M3R-CR, a benchmark dataset for high-resolution Cloud Removal with Multi-Modal and Multi-Resolution data fusion. With this dataset, we consider the problem of cloud removal in high-resolution optical remote sensing imagery by integrating multi-modal and multi-resolution information. In this context, we have to take into account the alignment errors caused by the multi-resolution nature, along with the more pronounced misalignment issues in high-resolution images due to inherent imaging mechanism differences and other factors. Existing multi-modal data fusion based methods, which assume the image pairs are aligned accurately at pixel-level, are thus not appropriate for this problem. To this end, we design a new baseline named Align-CR to perform the low-resolution SAR image guided high-resolution optical image cloud removal. It gradually warps and fuses the features of the multi-modal and multi-resolution data during the reconstruction process, effectively mitigating concerns associated with misalignment. In the experiments, we evaluate the performance of cloud removal by analyzing the quality of visually pleasing textures using image reconstruction metrics and further analyze the generation of semantically meaningful structures using a well-established semantic segmentation task. The proposed Align-CR method is superior to other baseline methods in both areas.