cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Look Back in Anger: The 1970s in Contemporary American Fiction
Creators: name: Roberts, Siân
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2024

description: “Once dismissed,” in the words of Charles L. Ponce de Leon, “as the backwash of the tumultuous 1960s, an era of kitsch, self-indulgence and cultural ‘malaise’”, the 1970s have undergone a “dramatic reassessment” in recent years.” This dissertation aims to fill a gap in the new critical discourse of the 1970s by looking at what the contemporary American novel has to say about the decade. In this dissertation, I follow historians such as Judith Stein, who argue that 1970 is the “pivotal decade” of the post-war era because it set us on course toward our own age of unprecedented economic inequality. In this dissertation, I follow Stein in thinking if we hope to understand our current conjuncture of capitalism, we must do so by looking at the 1970s. I discuss the representation of the 1970s that emerges from a range of contemporary novels, such as Dana Spiotta’s Eat the Document and Rachel Kushner’s The Flamethrowers. I focus in particular on these novels' depictions of leftism, radicalism, unions, feminism, art, and performance. I argue that the novel is a genre that is uniquely suited to making a sophisticated, structural critique of capitalism. I also look at memoirs written by 1970s leftists and radicals. Here, I am interested in the memoir in comparison to the novel, and the way the memoir genre obfuscates class analysis.
Continuity of care : a study of alternate forms of intervention
Creators: name: Doll, Richard P.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The aim of this study is to determine the effect of two approaches of social work intervention, a continuity approach, and a team approach, upon the three dependent variables of subject satisfaction, control, and mood. In order to determine differences in outcome, subjects were administered psychological tests to determine changes in their reported sense of control and mood (hopelessness) in relation to their response to the diagnosis and treatment of cancer. At follow-up, subjects also completed a questionnaire designed to determine their satisfaction with social work services received. The amount of time spent in contact with social workers was also assessed at this time. The analysis of the relationship between these variables revealed that there were no statistically significant differences between the study groups; subjects were equally satisfied with the two approaches in social work intervention, and there were no major differences between the reported changes in mood and control by the subjects in the study groups.
Restoration of the Parameters of a Gas-Dust Disk Based on Its Synthetic Images
Creators: name: Skliarevskii, A. M.
name: Pavlyuchenkov, Ya. N.
name: Vorobyov, E. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The topic of the present study is combining a dynamic model of a protoplanetary disk with the computations of radiation transfer for obtaining synthetic spectra and disk images suitable for immediate comparison of the model with observations. Evolution of the disk was computed using the FEOSAD hydrodynamic model, which includes a self-consistent calculation of the dynamics of dust and gas in the 2D thin disk approximation. Radiation transfer was simulated by the open code RADMC-3D. Three phases of disk evolution were considered: a young gravitationally unstable disk, a disk during an accretion luminosity burst, and an evolved disk. For these stages, the influence of various processes upon the disk's thermal structure was analyzed, as well as the differences between the temperatures obtained in the initial dynamic model and in the model with a detailed calculation of the radiation transfer. It is shown that viscous heating in the inner regions and adiabatic heating in the disk spirals can be important sources of heating. On the basis of the calculated spectral energy distributions, using SED-fitter software package used for the observations, physical parameters of the model disks were reconstructed. A significant spread between reconstructed parameters and initial characteristics of the disk indicates verification necessity of the models within the framework of spatially resolved observations of disks in the different spectral ranges
A quasi-periodic route to chaos in a parametrically driven nonlinear medium
Creators: name: Cabanas, Ana M.
name: Rivas, Ronald
name: Pérez, Laura M.
name: Vélez, Javier A.
name: Díaz, Pablo
name: Clerc, Marcel G.
name: Pleiner, Harald
name: Laroze, David
name: Malomed, Boris A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: J.2
subject: 35Q55

description: Small-sized systems exhibit a finite number of routes to chaos. However, in extended systems, not all routes to complex spatiotemporal behavior have been fully explored. Starting from the sine-Gordon model of parametrically driven chain of damped nonlinear oscillators, we investigate a route to spatiotemporal chaos emerging from standing waves. The route from the stationary to the chaotic state proceeds through quasiperiodic dynamics. The standing wave undergoes the onset of oscillatory instability, which subsequently exhibits a different critical frequency, from which the complexity originates. A suitable amplitude equation, valid close to the parametric resonance, makes it possible to produce universe results. The respective phase-space structure and bifurcation diagrams are produced in a numerical form. We characterize the relevant dynamical regimes by means of the largest Lyapunov exponent, the power spectrum, and the evolution of the total intensity of the wave field.
description: to be published in Chaos, Solitons & Fractals
Can Social Robots Effectively Elicit Curiosity in STEM Topics from K-1 Students During Oral Assessments?
Creators: name: Johnson, Alexander
name: Martin, Alejandra
name: Quintero, Marlen
name: Bailey, Alison
name: Alwan, Abeer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper presents the results of a pilot study that introduces social robots into kindergarten and first-grade classroom tasks. This study aims to understand 1) how effective social robots are in administering educational activities and assessments, and 2) if these interactions with social robots can serve as a gateway into learning about robotics and STEM for young children. We administered a commonly-used assessment (GFTA3) of speech production using a social robot and compared the quality of recorded responses to those obtained with a human assessor. In a comparison done between 40 children, we found no significant differences in the student responses between the two conditions over the three metrics used: word repetition accuracy, number of times additional help was needed, and similarity of prosody to the assessor. We also found that interactions with the robot were successfully able to stimulate curiosity in robotics, and therefore STEM, from a large number of the 164 student participants.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures
Is the Sun Embedded in a Typical Interstellar Cloud?
Creators: name: Frisch, P. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The physical properties and kinematics of the partially ionized interstellar material near the Sun are typical of warm diffuse clouds in the solar vicinity. The interstellar magnetic field at the heliosphere and the kinematics of nearby clouds are naturally explained in terms of the S1 superbubble shell. The interstellar radiation field at the Sun appears to be harder than the field ionizing ambient diffuse gas, which may be a consequence of the low opacity of the tiny cloud surrounding the heliosphere. The spatial context of the Local Bubble is consistent with our location in the Orion spur.
description: "From the Outer Heliosphere to the Local Bubble", held at International Space Sciences Institute, October 2007
Secure Identification and QKD in the Bounded-Quantum-Storage Model
Creators: name: Damgaard, Ivan
name: Fehr, Serge
name: Salvail, Louis
name: Schaffner, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the problem of secure identification: user U proves to server S that he knows an agreed (possibly low-entropy) password w, while giving away as little information on w as possible, namely the adversary can exclude at most one possible password for each execution of the scheme. We propose a solution in the bounded-quantum-storage model, where U and S may exchange qubits, and a dishonest party is assumed to have limited quantum memory. No other restriction is posed upon the adversary. An improved version of the proposed identification scheme is also secure against a man-in-the-middle attack, but requires U and S to additionally share a high-entropy key k. However, security is still guaranteed if one party loses k to the attacker but notices the loss. In both versions of the scheme, the honest participants need no quantum memory, and noise and imperfect quantum sources can be tolerated. The schemes compose sequentially, and w and k can securely be re-used. A small modification to the identification scheme results in a quantum-key-distribution (QKD) scheme, secure in the bounded-quantum-storage model, with the same re-usability properties of the keys, and without assuming authenticated channels. This is in sharp contrast to known QKD schemes (with unbounded adversary) without authenticated channels, where authentication keys must be updated, and unsuccessful executions can cause the parties to run out of keys.
description: 22 pages, v2: included one missing reference, v3: substantial update: using more natural version of min-entropy with according changes in min-entropy splitting and security claims
Additional file 1 of Provision of dental services for vulnerable groups: a scoping review on children with special health care needs
Creators: name: Bastani, Peivand
name: Mohammadpour, Mohammadtaghi
name: Ghanbarzadegan, Arash
name: Rossi-Fedele, Giampiero
name: Peres, Marco A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1.
Extracting Adverse Drug Events from Clinical Notes
Creators: name: Mahendran, Darshini
name: McInnes, Bridget T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Adverse drug events (ADEs) are unexpected incidents caused by the administration of a drug or medication. To identify and extract these events, we require information about not just the drug itself but attributes describing the drug (e.g., strength, dosage), the reason why the drug was initially prescribed, and any adverse reaction to the drug. This paper explores the relationship between a drug and its associated attributes using relation extraction techniques. We explore three approaches: a rule-based approach, a deep learning-based approach, and a contextualized language model-based approach. We evaluate our system on the n2c2-2018 ADE extraction dataset. Our experimental results demonstrate that the contextualized language model-based approach outperformed other models overall and obtain the state-of-the-art performance in ADE extraction with a Precision of 0.93, Recall of 0.96, and an $F_1$ score of 0.94; however, for certain relation types, the rule-based approach obtained a higher Precision and Recall than either learning approach.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures
C2N: Practical Generative Noise Modeling for Real-World Denoising
Creators: name: Jang, Geonwoon
name: Lee, Wooseok
name: Son, Sanghyun
name: Lee, Kyoung Mu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Learning-based image denoising methods have been bounded to situations where well-aligned noisy and clean images are given, or samples are synthesized from predetermined noise models, e.g., Gaussian. While recent generative noise modeling methods aim to simulate the unknown distribution of real-world noise, several limitations still exist. In a practical scenario, a noise generator should learn to simulate the general and complex noise distribution without using paired noisy and clean images. However, since existing methods are constructed on the unrealistic assumption of real-world noise, they tend to generate implausible patterns and cannot express complicated noise maps. Therefore, we introduce a Clean-to-Noisy image generation framework, namely C2N, to imitate complex real-world noise without using any paired examples. We construct the noise generator in C2N accordingly with each component of real-world noise characteristics to express a wide range of noise accurately. Combined with our C2N, conventional denoising CNNs can be trained to outperform existing unsupervised methods on challenging real-world benchmarks by a large margin.
Photon propagation and the VHE gamma-ray spectra of blazars: how transparent is really the Universe?
Creators: name: De Angelis, A.
name: Mansutti, O.
name: Persic, M.
name: Roncadelli, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent findings by gamma-ray Cherenkov telescopes suggest a higher transparency of the Universe to very-high-energy (VHE) photons than expected from current models of the Extragalactic Background Light. It has been shown that such transparency can be naturally explained by the DARMA scenario, in which the photon mixes with a new, very light, axion-like particle predicted by many extensions of the Standard Model of elementary particles. We discuss the implications of DARMA for the VHE gamma-ray spectra of blazars, and show that it successfully accounts for the observed correlation between spectral slope and redshift by adopting for far-away sources the same emission spectrum characteristic of nearby ones. DARMA also predicts the observed blazar spectral index to become asymptotically independent of redshift for far-away sources. Our prediction can be tested with the satellite-borne Fermi/LAT detector as well as with the ground-based Cherenkov telescopes HESS, MAGIC, CANGAROOIII, VERITAS and the Extensive Air Shower arrays ARGO-YBJ and MILAGRO.
description: MNRAS Letters, in press
Collinear source of polarization-entangled photon pairs at non-degenerate wavelengths
Creators: name: Trojek, Pavel
name: Weinfurter, Harald
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on a simple but highly efficient source of polarization-entangled photon pairs at non-degenerate wavelengths. The fully collinear configuration of the source enables very high coupling efficiency into a single optical mode and allows the use of long nonlinear crystals. With optimized dispersion compensation it is possible to use a free-running laser diode as pump source and to reach an entanglement fidelity of 99.4 % at rates as high as 27000 pairs/s per mW of pump power. This greatly enhances the practicality of the source for applications in quantum communication and metrology.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, accepted in Applied Physics Letters
The potential of mass rearing of Monoksa dorsiplana (Pteromalidae) a native gregarious ectoparasitoid of Pseudopachymeria spinipes (Bruchidae)in South America
Creators: name: Rojas-Rousse, Danielle
name: Poitrineau, Karine
name: Basso, Cesar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: In Chile and Uruguay,the gregarious Pteromalidae (Monoksa dorsiplana) has been discovered emerging from seeds of the persistent pods of Acacia caven attacked by the univoltin bruchid Pseudopachymeria spinipes. We investigated the potential for mass rearing of this gregarious ectoparasitoid on an alternative bruchid host, Callosobruchus maculatus, to use it against the bruchidae of native and cultured species of Leguminosea seeds in South America. The mass rearing of M.dorsiplana was carried out in a population cage where the density of egg-laying females per infested seed was increased from 1:1 on the first day to 5:1 on the last (fifth) day. Under these experimental conditions egg-clutch size per host increased, and at the same time the mortality of eggs laid also increased. The density of egg-laying females influenced the sex ratio which tended towards a balance of sons and daughters,in contrast to the sex ratio of a single egg-laying female per host (1 son to 7 daughters). The mean weight of adults emerging from a parasitized host was negatively correlated with the egg-clutch size, i.e., as egg-clutch size increased, adult weight decreased. All these results show that mass rearing of the gregarious ectoparasitoid M.dorsiplana was possible under laboratory conditions on an alternative bruchid host C.maculatus. As M.dorsiplana is a natural enemy of larval and pupal stages of bruchidae, the next step was to investigate whether the biological control of bruchid C.maculatus was possible in an experimental structure of stored beans.
Stability of the U(1) spin liquid with spinon Fermi surface in 2+1 dimensions
Creators: name: Lee, Sung-Sik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the stability of the 2+1 dimensional U(1) spin liquid state against proliferation of instantons in the presence of spinon Fermi surface. By mapping the spinon Fermi surface into an infinite set of 1+1 dimensional chiral fermions, it is argued that an instanton has an infinite scaling dimension for any nonzero number of spinon flavors. Therefore, the spin liquid phase is stable against instantons and the non-compact U(1) gauge theory is a good low energy description.
description: 14 pages, 7 figures, v3) minor corrections, to appear in PRB
Shape instabilities in vesicles: a phase-field model
Creators: name: Campelo, F.
name: Hernandez-Machado, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: A phase field model for dealing with shape instabilities in fluid membrane vesicles is presented. This model takes into account the Canham-Helfrich bending energy with spontaneous curvature. A dynamic equation for the phase-field is also derived. With this model it is possible to see the vesicle shape deformation dynamically, when some external agent instabilizes the membrane, for instance, inducing an inhomogeneous spontaneous curvature. The numerical scheme used is detailed and some stationary shapes are shown together with a shape diagram for vesicles of spherical topology and no spontaneous curvature, in agreement with known results.
Decay of an inhomogeneous state via resonant tunnelling
Creators: name: Saffin, Paul M.
name: Padilla, Antonio
name: Copeland, Edmund J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We recently investigated the nature of resonant tunnelling in standard scalar Quantum Field Theory, uncovering the conditions required for resonance. It was shown that whereas the homogeneous false vacuum may decay via bubble nucleation, it may not decay in a resonant fashion. The no-go theorem given there is circumvented in this study by considering an initial state other than the homogeneous false vacuum, and we confirm our mechanism by showing in an explicit model how resonant tunnelling occurs. Using this model we demonstrate how the tunnelling rate depends on the energy of specially constructed initial states, with these states corresponding to contracting spherical bubbles of some vacuum that evolve to a minimum radius and then tunnel to another vacuum, instead of the classical motion where the bubble would just start to expand.
description: 19 pages, 22 figures
A deeper X-ray study of the core of the Perseus galaxy cluster: the power of sound waves and the distribution of metals and cosmic rays
Creators: name: Sanders, J. S.
name: Fabian, A. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We make a further study of the very deep Chandra observation of the X-ray brightest galaxy cluster, A426 in Perseus. We examine the radial distribution of energy flux inferred by the quasi-concentric ripples in surface brightness, assuming they are due to sound waves, and show that it is a significant fraction of the energy lost by radiative cooling within the inner 75-100 kpc, where the cooling time is 4-5 Gyr, respectively. The wave flux decreases outward with radius, consistent with energy being dissipated. Some newly discovered large ripples beyond 100 kpc, and a possible intact bubble at 170 kpc radius, may indicate a larger level of activity by the nucleus a few 100 Myr ago. The distribution of metals in the intracluster gas peaks at a radius of about 40 kpc and is significantly clumpy on scales of 5 kpc. The temperature distribution of the soft X-ray filaments and the hard X-ray emission component found within the inner 50 kpc are analysed in detail. The pressure due to the nonthermal electrons, responsible for a spectral component interpreted as inverse Compton emission, is high within 40 kpc of the centre and boosts the power in sound waves there; it drops steeply beyond 40 kpc. We find no thermal emission from the radio bubbles; in order for any thermal gas to have a filling factor within the bubbles exceeding 50 per cent, the temperature of that gas has to exceed 50 keV.
description: Accepted by MNRAS. Now includes evidence for further ancient bubble at 170 kpc radius, and minor changes suggested by referee. A version with good quality figures is available from http://www-xray.ast.cam.ac.uk/papers/perdetail2.pdf
Maxwell's equations in Minkowski's world: their premetric generalization and the electromagnetic energy-momentum tensor
Creators: name: Hehl, Friedrich W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In December 1907, Minkowski expressed the Maxwell equations in the very beautiful and compact 4-dimensional form: lor f=-s, lor F^*=0. Here `lor', an abbreviation of Lorentz, represents the 4-dimensional differential operator. We study Minkowski's derivation and show how these equations generalize to their modern premetric form in the framework of tensor and exterior calculus (valid also in general relativity). After mentioning some applications of premetric electrodynamics, we turn to Minkowski's discovery of the energy-momentum tensor of the electromagnetic field. We discuss how he arrived at it and how its premetric formulation looks like.
description: 14 pages latex in AdP-style, to appear in the special (Sept/Oct 2008) issue of Annalen der Physik (Berlin) commemorating H. Minkowski's 1908 lecture in Cologne
Application of quantum algorithms to the study of permutations and group automorphisms
Creators: name: Bonanome, Marianna
name: Hillery, Mark
name: Buzek, Vladimir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss three applications of efficient quantum algorithms to determining properties of permutations and group automorphisms. The first uses the Bernstein-Vazirani algorithm to determine an unknown homomorphism from $Z_{p-1}^{m}$ to $Aut(Z_{p})$ where $p$ is prime. The remaining two make use of modifications of the Grover search algorithm. The first finds the fixed point of a permutation or an automorphism (assuming it has only one besides the identity). It can be generalized to find cycles of a specified size for permutations or orbits of a specified size for automorphisms. The second finds which of a set of permutations or automorphisms maps one particular element of a set or group onto another. This has relevance to the conjugacy problem for groups. We show how two of these algorithms can be implemented via programmable quantum processors. This approach opens new perspectives in quantum information processing, wherein both the data and the programs are represented by states of quantum registers. In particular, quantum programs that specify control over data can be treated using methods of quantum information theory.
description: 7 pages, 1 figure
The Unique Type Ib Supernova 2005bf at Nebular Phases: A Possible Birth Event of A Strongly Magnetized Neutron Star
Creators: name: Maeda, K.
name: Tanaka, M.
name: Nomoto, K.
name: Tominaga, N.
name: Kawabata, K.
name: Mazzali, P. A.
name: Umeda, H.
name: Suzuki, T.
name: Hattori, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Late phase nebular spectra and photometry of Type Ib Supernova (SN) 2005bf taken by the Subaru telescope at ~ 270 and ~ 310 days since the explosion are presented. Emission lines ([OI]6300, 6363, [CaII]7291, 7324, [FeII]7155) show the blueshift of ~ 1,500 - 2,000 km s-1. The [OI] doublet shows a doubly-peaked profile. The line luminosities can be interpreted as coming from a blob or jet containing only ~ 0.1 - 0.4 Msun, in which ~ 0.02 - 0.06 Msun is 56Ni synthesized at the explosion. To explain the blueshift, the blob should either be of unipolar moving at the center-of-mass velocity v ~ 2,000 - 5,000 km s-1, or suffer from self-absorption within the ejecta as seen in SN 1990I. In both interpretations, the low-mass blob component dominates the optical output both at the first peak (~ 20 days) and at the late phase (~ 300 days). The low luminosity at the late phase (the absolute R magnitude M_R ~ -10.2 mag at ~ 270 days) sets the upper limit for the mass of 56Ni < ~ 0.08 Msun, which is in contradiction to the value necessary to explain the second, main peak luminosity (M_R ~ -18.3 mag at ~ 40 days). Encountered by this difficulty in the 56Ni heating model, we suggest an alternative scenario in which the heating source is a newly born, strongly magnetized neutron star (a magnetar) with the surface magnetic field Bmag ~ 10^{14-15} gauss and the initial spin period P0 ~ 10 ms. Then, SN 2005bf could be a link between normal SNe Ib/c and an X-Ray Flash associated SN 2006aj, connected in terms of Bmag and/or P0.
description: 16 pages, 12 figures. Accepted by the Astrophysical Journal
Dual operator systems
Creators: name: Blecher, David P.
name: Magajna, Bojan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We characterize weak* closed unital vector spaces of operators on a Hilbert space $H$. More precisely, we first show that an operator system, which is the dual of an operator space, can be represented completely isometrically and weak* homeomorphically as a weak* closed operator subsystem of $B(H)$. An analogous result is proved for unital operator spaces. Finally, we give some somewhat surprising examples of dual unital operator spaces.
description: 10 pages
Mean free paths and in-medium scattering cross sections of energetic nucleons in neutron-rich nucleonic matter within the relativistic impulse approximation
Creators: name: Jiang, Wei-Zhou
name: Li, Bao-An
name: Chen, Lie-Wen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The mean free paths and in-medium scattering cross sections of energetic nucleons in neutron-rich nucleonic matter are investigated using the nucleon optical potential obtained within the relativistic impulse approximation with the empirical nucleon-nucleon scattering amplitudes and the nuclear densities obtained in the relativistic mean field model. It is found that the isospin-splitting of nucleon mean free paths, sensitive to the imaginary part of the symmetry potential, changes its sign at certain high kinetic energy. The in-medium nucleon-nucleon cross sections are analytically and numerically demonstrated to be essentially independent of the isospin asymmetry of the medium and increase linearly with density in the high energy region where the relativistic impulse approximation is applicable.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures
Coexistence of itinerant ferromagnetism and a non-unitary superconducting state with line nodes: possible application to UGe$_2$
Creators: name: Linder, Jacob
name: Sperstad, Iver B.
name: Nevidomskyy, Andriy
name: Cuoco, Mario
name: Sudbø, Asle
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct a mean-field theory for itinerant ferromagnetism coexisting with a non-unitary superconducting state, where only the majority-spin band is gapped and contains line nodes, while the minority-spin band is gapless at the Fermi level. Our study is motivated by recent experimental results indicating that this may be the physical situation realized in the heavy-fermion compound UGe$_2$. We investigate the stability of the mean-field solution of the magnetic and superconducting order parameters. Also, we provide theoretical predictions for experimentally measurable properties of such a non-unitary superconductor: the specific heat capacity, the Knight shift, and the tunneling conductance spectra. Our study should be useful for direct comparison with experimental results and also for further predictions of the physics that may be expected in ferromagnetic superconductors.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures. Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. B
Rythmes d'activité locomotrice chez deux insectes parasitoïdes sympatriques : Eupelmus orientalis et Eupelmus vuilleti (Hyménoptère, Eupelmidae)
Creators: name: Ndoutoume, Auguste
name: Rousse, Danielle
name: Allemand, Roland
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: With an automatic image analysis device, we studied the temporal distribution of the locomotor activity of E. orientalis and E. vuilleti during 24 h, and over several days to know whether the activity rhythms of these two Eupelmidae play a role in their competitive interactions. The analysis of locomotor activity rhythms of E. orientalis and E. vuilleti shows that the locomotor activity of both species presents daily cyclic variations. These two Eupelmidae have similar activity rhythms. Displacements of these parasitoids essentially take place during the photophase. But the activity of E. vuilleti is earlier, because the individuals of this species start their activity on average 4 to 5 h earlier than those of E. orientalis. E. vuilleti begins its displacements several hours before the onset of lighting, whereas E. orientalis is active only in the presence of the light. This shift of starting activity is thus a factor allowing these concurrent species to minimize their interactions during the cohabitation period in traditional granaries after the harvests of cowpea.
Quantum control of dispersion in electromagnetically induced transparency via interacting dressed ground states
Creators: name: Weatherall, James Owen
name: Search, Christopher P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We offer a general treatment of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in a five level system consisting of four metastable ground states. Two additional RF/microwave fields coherently couple the two ground states of the standard EIT $Λ$ atom to a pair of additional hyperfine states in the ground state manifold, generating two sets of dressed states that interact via the probe and control lasers, which couple to the electronic excited state. These new hyperfine dressed states manifest themselves in the linear optical susceptibility of the probe as new resonances in addition to the Autler-Townes doublet characteristic of EIT. In particular, we show that the existence of two new narrow resonances, whose width are limited only by ground state decoherence, appear inside the normal EIT transparency window. We show that by controlling the intensity of these RF/microwave fields, one can engineer both the position and width of these narrow resonances and thereby exercise additional control over both the dispersion and group velocity of the probe.
Supporting Information for paper entitled: Multiscale simplicial complex entropy analysis of heartbeat dynamics
Creators: name: Zabaleta-Ortega, Alvaro
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 490104
subject: Complex systems
classificationCode: 490105
subject: Dynamical systems in applications

description: The present study proposes a multiscale analysis of the simplicial complex approximate entropy (MS-SCAE) applied to cardiac interbeat series. The MS-SCAE method is based on quantifying the changes in the simplicial complex associated with the time series when a coarse-grained procedure is performed. Our findings are consistent with those of previously reported studies, which indicate that the complexity of healthy interbeat dynamics remains relatively stable over different scales. However, these dynamics undergo changes in the presence of certain cardiac pathologies, such as congestive heart failure and atrial fibrillation. The method we present here allows for effective differentiation between different dynamics and is robust in its ability to characterize both real and simulated sequences. This makes it a suitable candidate for application to a variety of complex signals.
Gravity Gets There First with Dark Matter Emulators
Creators: name: Desai, S.
name: Kahya, E. O.
name: Woodard, R. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the implications for gravity wave detectors of a class of modified gravity theories which dispense with the need for dark matter. These models, which are known as Dark Matter Emulators, have the property that weak gravitational waves couple to the metric that would follow from general relativity without dark matter whereas ordinary particles couple to a combination of the metric and other fields which reproduces the result of general relativity with dark matter. We show that there is an appreciable difference in the Shapiro delays of gravitational waves and photons or neutrinos from the same source, with the gravity waves always arriving first. We compute the expected time lags for GRB 070201, for SN 1987a, and for Sco-X1. We estimate the probable error by taking account of the uncertainty in position, and by using three different dark matter profiles.
description: 9 pages, no figures. Changes in response to referee comments. To be published in Phys. Rev. D. under the title "Reduced time delay for gravitational waves with dark matter emulators"
Continuous radio frequency electric-field detection through adjacent Rydberg resonance tuning
Creators: name: Simons, Matthew T.
name: Artusio-Glimpse, Alexandra B.
name: Holloway, Christopher L.
name: Imhof, Eric
name: Jefferts, Steven R.
name: Wyllie, Robert
name: Sawyer, Brian C.
name: Walker, Thad G
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate the use of multiple atomic-level Rydberg-atom schemes for continuous frequency detection of radio frequency (RF) fields. Resonant detection of RF fields by electromagnetically-induced transparency and Autler-Townes (AT) in Rydberg atoms is typically limited to frequencies within the narrow bandwidth of a Rydberg transition. By applying a second field resonant with an adjacent Rydberg transition, far-detuned fields can be detected through a two-photon resonance AT splitting. This two-photon AT splitting method is several orders of magnitude more sensitive than off-resonant detection using the Stark shift. We present the results of various experimental configurations and a theoretical analysis to illustrate the effectiveness of this multiple level scheme. These results show that this approach allows for the detection of frequencies in continuous band between resonances with adjacent Rydberg states.
Additional file 1 of Dental caries and its association with the oral microbiomes and HIV in young children—Nigeria (DOMHaIN): a cohort study
Creators: name: Coker, Modupe O.
name: Akhigbe, Paul
name: Osagie, Esosa
name: Idemudia, Nosakhare L.
name: Igedegbe, Oghenero
name: Chukwumah, Nneka
name: Adebiyi, Ruxton
name: Mann, Allison E.
name: O’Connell, Lauren M.
name: Obuekwe, Ozo
name: Omoigberale, Augustine
name: Charurat, Manhattan E.
name: Richards, Vincent P.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 1. Supplementary Methods for HIV testing and status determination: Study Procedures.
Log Fano varieties over function fields of curves
Creators: name: Hassett, Brendan
name: Tschinkel, Yuri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14M20; 14D15; 14G25

description: Consider a smooth log Fano variety over the function field of a curve. Suppose that the boundary has positive normal bundle. Choose an integral model over the curve. Then integral points are Zariski dense, after removing an explicit finite set of points on the base curve.
description: 18 pages
Integrated Electrostatic Capture and On-Chip Biochemical Detection of Airborne Viruses in Real-Time
Creators: name: Jayakumar, Nitin Samuel
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2024

description: Considerable loss of life, economic slowdown, and public health risk associated with the transmission of airborne respiratory pathogens was underscored by the recent COVID-19 pandemic. Airborne transmission of zoonotic diseases such as the highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) has caused major disruptions to domestic and global food security. Current ambient air pathogen monitoring systems involves the collection of air samples from indoor settings suspected of viral contamination, followed by subsequent processing of capture samples to determine the presence and species of airborne viral matter. Nucleic acid amplification (NAA) techniques are considered the gold standard for pathogen diagnostics. Currently, the necessary extraction and purification of viral RNA from air collector systems prior to sample analysis is both time consuming and performed manually. A monitoring system with separate air sampling and biochemical detection procedures is prone to delay the response to emergent viral threats. In this work, the presented pathogen monitoring system overcomes these limitations related to extraction and purification of viral samples and lays the groundwork for a real-time monitor for airborne viral pathogens. A high flow electrostatic precipitator system, that uses small collection wells as counter electrodes for pathogen collection is demonstrated. Small volumes of reagent (30 L) required for biochemical detection is dispensed directly to the collection wells Finally, Integrated reverse-transcriptase loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) is used for detection of captured viral matter within wells. On-chip heating of collection wells for RT-LAMP is enabled through the engineering of a transparent oven with two voltage-controlled heating elements, and colorimetric changes indicating presence of virus is monitored through a USB-Camera interface,integrated to the sensor platform. The design of such a system is presented with collection and detection steps controlled remotely using a linear actuator and servo-motor assembly for the transfer of the collection well from the electrostatic precipitator to the oven assembly for initiation of RT-LAMP detection, demonstrating the key feature of detection of airborne viruses without the need for extraction and purification of viral RNA. Experimental results demonstrate the remote deployment of this device for the detection of aerosolized SARS-CoV-2 virus like particles (VLPs), a model pathogen for SARV-CoV-2, under biosafety level 2 (BSL-2) conditions.
Additional file 2 of QuickPIV: Efficient 3D particle image velocimetry software applied to quantifying cellular migration during embryogenesis
Creators: name: Pereyra, Marc
name: Drusko, Armin
name: Krämer, Franziska
name: Strobl, Frederic
name: Stelzer, Ernst H. K.
name: Matthäus, Franziska
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 2. This file contains Figs. 1 and 2. Figure S1 reports the results form our synthetic accuracy evaluation on biological data, including the comparison between the accuracies obtained with ZNCC and NSQECC PIV analyses. Figure S2 shows the same PIV analyses as Fig. 3, with the difference that no subsampling of the input volume was used to obtain the results in Figure S2.
Electron beam splitting at topological insulator surface states and a proposal for electronic Goos-Hanchen shift measurement
Creators: name: Ghadiri, Hassan
name: Saffarzadeh, Alireza
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The hexagonal warping effect on transport properties and Goos-Hänchen (GH) lateral shift of electrons on the surface of a topological insulator with a potential barrier is investigated theoretically. Due to the warped Fermi surface for incident electron beams, we can expect two propagating transmitted beams corresponding to the occurrence of double refraction. The transmitted beams have spin orientations locked to their momenta so one of the spin directions rotates compared to the incident spin direction. Based on a low-energy Hamiltonian near the Dirac point and considering Gaussian beams, we derive expressions for calculating lateral shifts in the presence of warping effect. We study the dependence of transmission probabilities and GH shifts of transmitted beams on system parameters in detail by giving an explanation for the appearance of large peaks in the lateral shifts corresponding to their transmission peaks. It is shown that the separation between two transmitted beams through their different GH shifts can be as large as a few micrometers, which is large enough to be observed experimentally. Finally, we propose a method to measure the GH shift of electron beams based on the transverse magnetic focusing technique in which, by tuning an applied magnetic field, a detectable resonant path for electrons can be induced.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures
Additional file 1 of Endometrial compaction after human chorionic gonadotrophin administration reduces ectopic pregnancy rate following fresh embryo transfer in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection cycles in patients with non-thin endometrium: a retrospective cohort study
Creators: name: Li, Qiuyuan
name: Liu, Ahui
name: Shen, Haofei
name: Zhang, Xuehong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Supplemental Table 1. Sensitivity analysis of factors associated with ectopic pregnancy.
Additional file 3 of Experiences of eating disorders from the perspectives of patients, family members and health care professionals: a meta-review of qualitative evidence syntheses
Creators: name: Gustafsson, Sanna Aila
name: Stenström, Karin
name: Olofsson, Hanna
name: Pettersson, Agneta
name: Wilbe Ramsay, Karin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 3. Table of overlapping primary studies
Cluster algebras and Grassmannians of type G2
Creators: name: Gautam, Sachin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove a conjecture of Geiss, Leclerc and Schröer, producing cluster algebra structures on multi-homogeneous coordinate ring of partial flag varieties, for the case $G_2$. As a consequence we sharpen the known fact that coordinate ring of the double Bruhat cell $G^{e,w_0}$ is an upper cluster algebra, by proving that it is a cluster algebra.
description: minor typos corrected