cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Polycomp: efficient and configurable compression of astronomical timelines
Creators: name: Tomasi, Maurizio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: E.4
subject: 68P30

description: This paper describes the implementation of polycomp, a open-sourced, publicly available program for compressing one-dimensional data series in tabular format. The program is particularly suited for compressing smooth, noiseless streams of data like pointing information, as one of the algorithms it implements applies a combination of least squares polynomial fitting and discrete Chebyshev transforms that is able to achieve a compression ratio Cr up to ~40 in the examples discussed in this work. This performance comes at the expense of a loss of information, whose upper bound is configured by the user. I show two areas in which the usage of polycomp is interesting. In the first example, I compress the ephemeris table of an astronomical object (Ganymede), obtaining Cr ~ 20, with a compression error on the x, y, z coordinates smaller than 1 m. In the second example, I compress the publicly available timelines recorded by the Low Frequency Instrument (LFI), an array of microwave radiometers onboard the ESA Planck spacecraft. The compression reduces the needed storage from ~6.5 TB to ~0.75 TB (C_r ~ 9), thus making them small enough to be kept in a portable hard drive.
description: Accepted for publication in Astronomy and Computing
Accurately accounting for effects on times-of-flight caused by finite field-transition times during the ejection of ions from a storage trap: A study for TOF and MRTOF mass spectrometry
Creators: name: Rosenbusch, M.
name: Schury, P.
name: Wada, M.
name: Iimura, S.
name: Ito, Y.
name: Wollnik, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In applied forms of time-of-flight mass spectrometry utilizing ion storage devices prior to an analysis device, a non instantaneous electric ejection pulse applied in the region of ion storage is used to accelerate ions into the time-of-flight analyzer. The calculated mass value of the ions from the time-of-flight is dependent on the duration of the field transition up to full strength. For novel applications dedicated to precision measurements, such as multi-reflection time-of-flight mass spectrometry of short-lived isotopes, the goal is to continuously decrease the measurement uncertainty while providing a mass accuracy on the same order. Even though dynamic-field models for time-of-flight mass spectrometry have been considered in the past for technological advances, it is important to study the accuracy of the measured mass in this context. Using a simplified linear model for the field transition, we provide a basic investigation of the scenario, and discuss the deviation from the classical "mass-over-charge" dependency of the ions' time-of-flight, which becomes violated. The emerging mass discrepancy depends on the distance between the mass of the ion used for calibration and that of the ion of interest and, in extreme cases, can increase to about one percent for systems with short times-of-flight. However, for typical conditions in single-reference multi-reflection time-of-flight mass spectrometry, mass deviations caused by this effect typically remain below the 1 ppm level. If a mass calibration using two or more ion species is possible during the measurement, the effect becomes negligible for appropriate choices of reference masses.
description: 14 pages, 9 figures
CDNOT Terms of Reference
Creators: name: Unknown
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: data and information
subject: WCRP
subject: WGCM
subject: WIP
subject: CDNOT
subject: https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85040468.html
subject: https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85084334.html

description: Terms of reference for the CMIP data node operations team.
description: Previously curated at: http://cedadocs.ceda.ac.uk/1470/ This work was funded by: World Climate Research Programme. Associated projects: World Climate Research Programme Working Group on Coupled Modeling (WGCM) Infrastructure Panel Main files in this record: CDNOT_Terms_of_Reference.pdf Item originally deposited with Centre for Environmental Data Analysis (CEDA) document repository by Dr Ruth Petrie. Transferred to CEDA document repository community on Zenodo on 2022-11-24
Chi-Square Mixture Representations for the Distribution of the Scalar Schur Complement in a Noncentral Wishart Matrix
Creators: name: Siriteanu, Constantin
name: Kuriki, Satoshi
name: Richards, Donald
name: Takemura, Akimichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We show that the distribution of the scalar Schur complement in a noncentral Wishart matrix is a mixture of central chi-square distributions with different degrees of freedom. For the case of a rank-1 noncentrality matrix, the weights of the mixture representation arise from a noncentral beta mixture of Poisson distributions.
Overconfidence in Photometric Redshift Estimation
Creators: name: Wittman, David
name: Bhaskar, Ramya
name: Tobin, Ryan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe a new test of photometric redshift performance given a spectroscopic redshift sample. This test complements the traditional comparison of redshift {\it differences} by testing whether the probability density functions $p(z)$ have the correct {\it width}. We test two photometric redshift codes, BPZ and EAZY, on each of two data sets and find that BPZ is consistently overconfident (the $p(z)$ are too narrow) while EAZY produces approximately the correct level of confidence. We show that this is because EAZY models the uncertainty in its spectral energy distribution templates, and that post-hoc smoothing of the BPZ $p(z)$ provides a reasonable substitute for detailed modeling of template uncertainties. Either remedy still leaves a small surplus of galaxies with spectroscopic redshift very far from the peaks. Thus, better modeling of low-probability tails will be needed for high-precision work such as dark energy constraints with the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope and other large surveys.
description: accepted to MNRAS
An α-Matte Boundary Defocus Model Based Cascaded Network for Multi-focus Image Fusion
Creators: name: Ma, Haoyu
name: Liao, Qingmin
name: Zhang, Juncheng
name: Liu, Shaojun
name: Xue, Jing-Hao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Capturing an all-in-focus image with a single camera is difficult since the depth of field of the camera is usually limited. An alternative method to obtain the all-in-focus image is to fuse several images focusing at different depths. However, existing multi-focus image fusion methods cannot obtain clear results for areas near the focused/defocused boundary (FDB). In this paper, a novel α-matte boundary defocus model is proposed to generate realistic training data with the defocus spread effect precisely modeled, especially for areas near the FDB. Based on this α-matte defocus model and the generated data, a cascaded boundary aware convolutional network termed MMF-Net is proposed and trained, aiming to achieve clearer fusion results around the FDB. More specifically, the MMF-Net consists of two cascaded sub-nets for initial fusion and boundary fusion, respectively; these two sub-nets are designed to first obtain a guidance map of FDB and then refine the fusion near the FDB. Experiments demonstrate that with the help of the new α-matte boundary defocus model, the proposed MMF-Net outperforms the state-of-the-art methods both qualitatively and quantitatively.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures, journal Unfortunately, I cannot spell one of the authors' name coorectly
Seismic Performance Evaluation of Stiffness Irregular Rc Buildings Due To Story Height Difference
Creators: name: Abdulhamid Yassin
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2019
Subjects: soft-story, fragility curves, pushover and limit state capacities

description: In high rise buildings or multi story buildings, soft-story construction is common because of story height
 difference due to architectural consideration. These provide stiffness irregularities on the building
 structures, which reduce the stiffness of the lateral load resisting system and sudden reduction in stiffness
 causes higher stress to be concentrated at the stiffness reduced story columns, which lead the columns to
 be unable to provide adequate resistance during the earth quake.
 Taking into consideration the above points, the structural building frames must be evaluated and designed
 by considering the effect of soft story on seismic performance of the building. The main focus of this
 research is to study the seismic performance of stiffness irregular building due to significant story height
 difference on RC buildings by implementing numerical models on the basis of finite element principles.
 For these two regular buildings G+10 and G+20 is developed to be considered as base case structure, and
 cases that represent irregular structures are defined by modifying vertical distribution stiffness of the base
 case. The stiffness irregularity is created by increasing the height of ground floor and second floor of
 base case 200%. Accordingly, different model cases of RC building are analyzed and designed on ETABS
 2016.2.1 (CSI ETABS 2016, Integrated Building Design Software, Computers and Structures Inc.
 Berkeley). Analysis and design of the proposed building model cases followed the conventional design
 approach as prescribed on the new Ethiopian Buildings Code Standards (ES EN: 2015). The design
 outputs of main structural elements are then used for the numerical model on SeismoStruct [SeismoSoft,
 2016]. Pushover and nonlinear dynamic analyses are carried out for obtaining the response in terms
 fundamental periods, base shear-top displacement, inter-story drift, lateral displacements, and fragility
 curve at different performance levels.
 The result of this research shows the following: the effect of stiffness irregularity on fundamental period
 have more significant contributions as the soft-story number and number of story or building height
 increase, for all cases the Story drifts demands increase in the soft story and decrease in most of the other
 stories and drift of most floors are greater than the allowable drift according to ES EN limit (drν≤0,005h),
 the seismic base shear for stiffness regular building are greater than the stiffness irregular one and finally
 the probability of failure for each limit state capacities of stiffness irregular building model is greater than
 stiffness regular buildings models in all cases.
Can a Fast-mode EUV Wave Generate a Stationary Front?
Creators: name: Chen, P. F.
name: Fang, C.
name: Chandra, R.
name: Srivastava, A. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The discovery of stationary "EIT waves" about 16 years ago posed a big challenge to the then favorite fast-mode wave model for coronal "EIT waves". It encouraged the proposing of various non-wave models, and played an important role in approaching the recent converging viewpoint, {\it i.e.} there are two types of EUV waves. However, it was recently discovered that a stationary wave front can also be generated when a fast-mode wave passes through a magnetic quasi-separatrix layer (QSL). In this paper, we perform a magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) numerical simulation of the interaction between a fast-mode wave and a magnetic QSL, and a stationary wave front is reproduced. The analysis of the numerical results indicates that near the plasma beta $\sim 1$ layer in front of the magnetic QSL, part of the fast-mode wave is converted to a slow-mode MHD wave, which is then trapped inside the magnetic loops, forming a stationary wave front. Our research implies that we have to be cautious in identifying the nature of a wave since there may be mode conversion during the propagation of the waves driven by solar eruptions.
description: 16 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in Solar Physics
Single-molecule stretching shows glycosylation sets tension in the hyaluronan-aggrecan bottlebrush
Creators: name: Innes-Gold, Sarah N.
name: Berezney, John P.
name: Saleh, Omar A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Large bottlebrush complexes formed from the polysaccharide hyaluronan (HA) and the proteoglycan aggrecan contribute to cartilage compression resistance and are necessary for healthy joint function. A variety of mechanical forces act on these complexes in the cartilage extracellular matrix, motivating the need for a quantitative description which links their structure and mechanical response. Studies using electron microscopy have imaged the HA-aggrecan brush but require adsorption to a surface, dramatically altering the complex from its native conformation. We use magnetic tweezers force spectroscopy to measure changes in extension and mechanical response of an HA chain as aggrecan monomers bind and form a bottlebrush. This technique directly measures changes undergone by a single complex with time and under varying solution conditions. Upon addition of aggrecan, we find a large swelling effect manifests when the HA chain is under very low external tension (i.e. stretching forces less than ~1 pN). We use models of force-extension behavior to show that repulsion between the aggrecans induces an internal tension in the HA chain. Through reference to theories of bottlebrush polymer behavior, we demonstrate that the experimental values of internal tension are consistent with a polydisperse aggrecan population, likely caused by varying degrees of glycosylation. By enzymatically deglycosylating aggrecan, we show that aggrecan glycosylation is the structural feature which causes HA stiffening. We then construct a simple stochastic binding model to show that variable glycosylation leads to a wide distribution of internal tensions in HA, causing variations in the mechanics at much longer length-scales. Our results provide a mechanistic picture of how flexibility and size of HA and aggrecan lead to the brush architecture and mechanical properties of this important component of cartilage.
Particle-hole configuration interaction and many-body perturbation theory: application to Hg+
Creators: name: Berengut, J. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The combination of configuration interaction and many-body perturbation theory methods (CI+MBPT) is extended to non-perturbatively include configurations with electron holes below the designated Fermi level, allowing us to treat systems where holes play an important role. For example, the method can treat valence-hole systems like Ir$^{17+}$, particle-hole excitations in noble gases, and difficult transitions such as the $6s \rightarrow 5d^{-1}6s^2$ optical clock transition in Hg$^+$. We take the latter system as our test case for the method and obtain very good accuracy (~1%) for the low-lying transition energies. The $α$-dependence of these transitions is calculated and used to reinterpret the existing best laboratory limits on the time-dependence of the fine-structure constant.
description: 6 pages
Which oxidation state of uranium and thorium as point defects in xenotime is favorable?
Creators: name: Lomachuk, Yuriy V.
name: Maltsev, Daniil A.
name: Mosyagin, Nikolai S.
name: Skripnikov, Leonid V.
name: Bogdanov, Roman V.
name: Titov, Anatoly V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Relativistic study of xenotime, YPO$_4$, containing atoms thorium and uranium as point defects is performed in the framework of cluster model with using the compound-tunable embedding potential (CTEP) method proposed by us recently. The Y-(PO$_4$)$_6$-Y'$_{22}$-O'$_{104}$ cluster for xenotime is considered, in which central part, [Y-(PO$_4$)$_6$]$^{-15}$, is the main cluster, whereas outermost 22 atoms of yttrium and 104 atoms of oxygen are treated as its environment and compose electron-free CTEP with the total charge of $+15$. The P and O atoms of the orthophosphate groups nearest to the central Y atom are treated at all-electron level. The central Y, its substitutes, Th and U, together with environmental Y atoms are described within different versions of the generalized relativistic pseudopotential method. Correctness of our cluster and CTEP models, constructed in the paper, is justified by comparing the Y-O and P-O bond lengths with corresponding periodic structure values of the \ypo4 crystal, both experimental and theoretical. Using this cluster model, chemical properties of solitary point defects, X = U, Th, in xenotime are analyzed. It has been shown that the oxidation state ${+3}$ is energetically more profitable than ${+4}$ not only for thorium but for uranium as well ($ΔE \approx 5$ eV) despite the notably higher ionic radius of U$^{+3}$ compared to Y$^{+3}$, whereas ionic radii of U$^{+4}$ and Y$^{+3}$ are close. This leads to notable local deformation of crystal geometry around the U$^{+3}$ impurity in xenotime and contradicts to widespread opinion about favorite oxidation state of uranium in such kind of minerals.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures, 3 tables. Advanced version of this paper is available at https://doi.org/10.1039/D0CP02277B
All-Optical Spiking Neuron Based On Passive Micro-Resonator
Creators: name: Xiang, Jinlong
name: Guo, Xuhan
name: Su, Yikai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Neuromorphic photonics that aims to process and store information simultaneously like human brains has emerged as a promising alternative for the next generation intelligent computing systems. The implementation of hardware emulating the basic functionality of neurons and synapses is the fundamental work in this field. However, previously proposed optical neurons implemented with SOA-MZIs, modulators, lasers or phase change materials are all dependent on active devices and quite difficult for integration. Meanwhile, although the nonlinearity in nanocavities has long been of interest, the previous theories are intended for specific situations, e.g., self-pulsation in microrings, and there is still a lack of systematic studies in the excitability behavior of the nanocavities including the silicon photonic crystal cavities. Here, we report for the first time a universal coupled mode theory model for all side-coupled passive microresonators. Attributed to the nonlinear excitability, the passive microresonator can function as a new type of all-optical spiking neuron. We demonstrate the microresonator-based neuron can exhibit the three most important characteristics of spiking neurons: excitability threshold, refractory period and cascadability behavior, paving the way to realize all-optical spiking neural networks.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures
Berufswechsel – Chancen und Risiken
Creators: name: Wolnik, Kevin
name: Holtrup, André
Publisher: name: Arbeitnehmerkammer Bremen
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Berufswechsel
subject: Qualifikation
subject: Chancen und Risiken
subject: 330

description: In einer noch immer stark durch formelle Qualifikationen geprägten Arbeitsgesellschaft kann ein Berufswechsel in den jeweiligen Erwerbsbiografien eine ambivalente Bedeutung haben. Einerseits kann ein neuer Beruf die Möglichkeit eröffnen, ein höheres Einkommen zu erzielen oder größere Spielräume zur Selbstentfaltung bieten. Andererseits können Berufswechsel auch Nachteile mit sich bringen, wenn sie nicht geplant und „von heute auf morgen“ geschehen. Mit anderen Worten können Berufswechsel Chancen und Risiken für Erwerbstätige beinhalten. Beide Seiten dieser Medaille werden innerhalb des vorliegenden Berichts thematisiert. Basierend auf statistischen Analysen von Daten der BIBB/BAuA Erwerbstätigenbefragung und des Mikrozensus werden folgende zentrale Fragen bearbeitet: Welches Ausmaß haben Berufswechsel in der heutigen Arbeitswelt in Deutschland? Wie sind Berufswechsel strukturiert? Oder mit anderen Worten: Wer wechselt den Beruf? Welche Motive liegen den Berufswechseln zugrunde? Und welche Auswirkungen haben Berufswechsel mit Blick u. a. auf das Einkommen, die Zufriedenheit und Vereinbarkeitsfragen?
Out-of-time-order correlators in bipartite nonintegrable systems
Creators: name: Prakash, Ravi
name: Lakshminarayan, Arul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Out-of-time-order correlators (OTOC) being explored as a measure of quantum chaos, is studied here in a coupled bipartite system. Each of the subsystems can be chaotic or regular and lead to very different OTOC growths both before and after the scrambling or Ehrenfest time. We present preliminary results on weakly coupled subsystems which have very different Lyapunov exponents. We also review the case when both the subsystems are strongly chaotic when a random matrix model can be pressed into service to derive an exponential relaxation to saturation.
description: 18 pages, 6 figures, version accepted in Acta Physica Polonica A
HadISDH.land Update Document version 4.2.0.2019f
Creators: name: Willett, Kate
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2018002590.html
subject: https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85084334.html

description: HadISDH.land update document covering the latest changes in version 4.2.0.2019f from previous versions.
description: Previously curated at: http://cedadocs.ceda.ac.uk/1479/ Main files in this record: HadISDH.land.4.2.0.2019f_update.pdf Item originally deposited with Centre for Environmental Data Analysis (CEDA) document repository by Dr Kate Willett. Transferred to CEDA document repository community on Zenodo on 2022-11-24
Supernova 2010ev: A reddened high velocity gradient type Ia supernova
Creators: name: Gutiérrez, Claudia P.
name: González-Gaitán, Santiago
name: Folatelli, Gastón
name: Pignata, Giuliano
name: Anderson, Joseph P.
name: Hamuy, Mario
name: Morrell, Nidia
name: Stritzinger, Maximilian
name: Taubenberger, Stefan
name: Bufano, Filomena
name: Olivares, Felipe E.
name: Haislip, Joshua B.
name: Reichart, Daniel E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aims. We present and study the spectroscopic and photometric evolution of the type Ia supernova (SN Ia) 2010ev. Methods. We obtain and analyze multi-band optical light curves and optical-near-infrared spectroscopy at low and medium resolution spanning from -7 days to +300 days from the B-band maximum. Results. A photometric analysis shows that SN 2010ev is a SN Ia of normal brightness with a light curve shape of $Δm_{15}(B)=1.12 \pm 0.02$ and a stretch s = $0.94 \pm 0.01$ suffering significant reddening. From photometric and spectroscopic analysis, we deduce a color excess of $E(B - V) = 0.25 \pm 0.05$ and a reddening law of $R_v = 1.54 \pm 0.65$. Spectroscopically, SN 2010ev belongs to the broad-line SN Ia group, showing stronger than average Si II λ6355 absorption features. We also find that SN 2010ev is a high-velocity gradient SN, with a value of $164 \pm 7$ km s$^{-1}$ d$^{-1}$. The photometric and spectral comparison with other supernovae shows that SN 2010ev has similar colors and velocities to SN 2002bo and SN 2002dj. The analysis of the nebular spectra indicates that the [Fe II] λ7155 and [Ni II] λ7378 lines are redshifted, as expected for a high velocity gradient supernova. All these common intrinsic and extrinsic properties of the high velocity gradient (HVG) group are different from the low velocity gradient (LVG) normal SN Ia population and suggest significant variety in SN Ia explosions.
description: 16 pages, 13 figures, 7 tables. Accepted to A&A
Iteratively Training Look-Up Tables for Network Quantization
Creators: name: Cardinaux, Fabien
name: Uhlich, Stefan
name: Yoshiyama, Kazuki
name: Garcia, Javier Alonso
name: Mauch, Lukas
name: Tiedemann, Stephen
name: Kemp, Thomas
name: Nakamura, Akira
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Operating deep neural networks (DNNs) on devices with limited resources requires the reduction of their memory as well as computational footprint. Popular reduction methods are network quantization or pruning, which either reduce the word length of the network parameters or remove weights from the network if they are not needed. In this article we discuss a general framework for network reduction which we call `Look-Up Table Quantization` (LUT-Q). For each layer, we learn a value dictionary and an assignment matrix to represent the network weights. We propose a special solver which combines gradient descent and a one-step k-means update to learn both the value dictionaries and assignment matrices iteratively. This method is very flexible: by constraining the value dictionary, many different reduction problems such as non-uniform network quantization, training of multiplierless networks, network pruning or simultaneous quantization and pruning can be implemented without changing the solver. This flexibility of the LUT-Q method allows us to use the same method to train networks for different hardware capabilities.
description: Copyright 2019 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works
The Use of Extraterrestrial Resources to Facilitate Space Science and Exploration
Creators: name: Crawford, Ian A.
name: Elvis, Martin
name: Carpenter, James
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To-date, all human economic activity has depended on the resources of a single planet, and it has long been recognized that developments in space exploration could in principle open our closed planetary economy to external resources of energy and raw materials. Recently, there has been renewed interest in these possibilities, with several private companies established with the stated aim of exploiting extraterrestrial resources. Space science and exploration are among the potential beneficiaries of space resources because their use may permit the construction and operation of scientific facilities in space that will be unaffordable if all the required material and energy resources have to be lifted out of Earth's gravity. Examples may include the next generation of large space telescopes, sample return missions to the outer Solar System, and human research stations on the Moon and Mars. These potential scientific benefits of extraterrestrial resource utilisation were the topic of a Royal Astronomical Society specialist discussion meeting held on 8 April 2016 and summarised here.
description: Accepted for publication in Astronomy and Geophysics
Challenges in Understanding the Relationship between Teamwork Quality and Project Success in Large-Scale Agile Projects
Creators: name: Dingsøyr, Torgeir
name: Schneider, Phillip
name: Bergersen, Gunnar Rye
name: Lindsjørn, Yngve
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: D.2.9; K.6.3

description: A number of methods for large-scale agile development have recently been suggested. Much of the advice in agile methods focuses on teamwork. Prior research has established that teamwork quality influences project success both for traditional software development teams and agile teams. Further, prior studies have also suggested that teamwork quality may play out differently in large projects compared to small. We investigated the relationship between teamwork quality and project success with a survey of 196 project participants across 34 teams in four projects, replicating a previous study on single teams. The new data do not fit the previously established theoretical model, which raises several concerns. The observed effect of teamwork quality on project success operates differently across projects. We discuss possible reasons, which include disagreements on what characterises success in large-scale agile development, "concept drift" of teamwork quality factors, the possibility that interteam factors might have more influence on project success than intrateam factors, and finally, that our study design does not capture all relevant levels and functions. We conclude with a call for more studies on the quality and frequency of interaction between teams in addition to internal team factors to further advance theory and practice within large-scale agile software development.
Grid Energy Consumption and QoS Tradeoff in Hybrid Energy Supply Wireless Networks
Creators: name: Mao, Yuyi
name: Zhang, Jun
name: Letaief, Khaled B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Hybrid energy supply (HES) wireless networks have recently emerged as a new paradigm to enable green networks, which are powered by both the electric grid and harvested renewable energy. In this paper, we will investigate two critical but conflicting design objectives of HES networks, i.e., the grid energy consumption and quality of service (QoS). Minimizing grid energy consumption by utilizing the harvested energy will make the network environmentally friendly, but the achievable QoS may be degraded due to the intermittent nature of energy harvesting. To investigate the tradeoff between these two aspects, we introduce the total service cost as the performance metric, which is the weighted sum of the grid energy cost and the QoS degradation cost. Base station assignment and power control is adopted as the main strategy to minimize the total service cost, while both cases with non-causal and causal side information are considered. With non-causal side information, a Greedy Assignment algorithm with low complexity and near-optimal performance is proposed. With causal side information, the design problem is formulated as a discrete Markov decision problem. Interesting solution structures are derived, which shall help to develop an efficient monotone backward induction algorithm. To further reduce complexity, a Look-Ahead policy and a Threshold-based Heuristic policy are also proposed. Simulation results shall validate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms and demonstrate the unique grid energy consumption and QoS tradeoff in HES networks.
description: 14 pages, 7 figures, to appear in IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications
Movement of time-delayed hot spots in Euclidean space
Creators: name: Sakata, Shigehiro
name: Wakasugi, Yuta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35L15, 35B38, 35C15, 35B40, 35K05

description: We investigate the shape of the solution of the Cauchy problem for the damped wave equation. In particular, we study the existence, location and number of spatial maximizers of the solution. Studying the shape of the solution of the damped wave equation, we prepare a decomposed form of the solution into the heat part and the wave part. Moreover, as its another application, we give $L^p$-$L^q$ estimates of the solution.
description: 31 pages
Wachsende Stadt Bremen
Creators: name: Andreas, Verena
name: Böhme, René
name: Fortmann, Fabian
name: Holtermann, Jens
name: Nischwitz, Guido
Publisher: name: Arbeitnehmerkammer Bremen
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Städtewachstum
subject: Einwohnerzahl
subject: Wirtschaft
subject: Wohnraum
subject: 330

description: „ Bremen als wachsende Stadt“ – das ist sowohl eine Zustandsbeschreibung als auch ein politisches Ziel der aktuellen Landesregierung. Vor diesem Hintergrund hat die Arbeitnehmerkammer Bremen das Institut Arbeit und Wirtschaft (iaw) der Universität Bremen beauftragt, für die Stadt Bremen differenzierte Analysen zur Wachstums- und Zuwanderungsentwicklung sowie zum Arbeits- und Wohnungsmarkt durchzuführen. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass Bremen zwar an Einwohnern gewinnt, das Wachstum der Stadt jedoch im Vergleich mit anderen Großstädten eher unterdurchschnittlich ausfällt. Ferner wird deutlich, dass Bremen fast ausschließlich durch Auslandszuwanderung wächst. Demgegenüber hat die Abwanderung von zumeist einkommensstarken 30- bis 50-Jährigen ins Umland wieder erheblich an Dynamik gewonnen und die Zahl der Wanderungsgewinne bei den 1 8- bis 25-Jährigen ist spürbar gesunken. Zudem deuten eigene Umfrageergebnisse darauf hin, dass infrastrukturelle Aspekte für den Zuzug nach Bremen nur wenig von Bedeutung sind, während wohnungsbezogene Motive bei den Gründen für einen geplanten Um- beziehungsweise Fortzug dominieren. Die Ergebnisse machen deutlich, dass es dringend einer umsetzungsorientierten Strategie für eine „Wachsende Stadt Bremen“ bedarf, die den Besonderheiten und Erfordernissen der verschiedenen Zielgruppen gleichermaßen Rechnung trägt.
GANprintR: Improved Fakes and Evaluation of the State of the Art in Face Manipulation Detection
Creators: name: Neves, João C.
name: Tolosana, Ruben
name: Vera-Rodriguez, Ruben
name: Lopes, Vasco
name: Proença, Hugo
name: Fierrez, Julian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The availability of large-scale facial databases, together with the remarkable progresses of deep learning technologies, in particular Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs), have led to the generation of extremely realistic fake facial content, raising obvious concerns about the potential for misuse. Such concerns have fostered the research on manipulation detection methods that, contrary to humans, have already achieved astonishing results in various scenarios. In this study, we focus on the synthesis of entire facial images, which is a specific type of facial manipulation. The main contributions of this study are four-fold: i) a novel strategy to remove GAN "fingerprints" from synthetic fake images based on autoencoders is described, in order to spoof facial manipulation detection systems while keeping the visual quality of the resulting images; ii) an in-depth analysis of the recent literature in facial manipulation detection; iii) a complete experimental assessment of this type of facial manipulation, considering the state-of-the-art fake detection systems (based on holistic deep networks, steganalysis, and local artifacts), remarking how challenging is this task in unconstrained scenarios; and finally iv) we announce a novel public database, named iFakeFaceDB, yielding from the application of our proposed GAN-fingerprint Removal approach (GANprintR) to already very realistic synthetic fake images. The results obtained in our empirical evaluation show that additional efforts are required to develop robust facial manipulation detection systems against unseen conditions and spoof techniques, such as the one proposed in this study.
Trichopria fimbriata Kieffer 1911
Creators: name: Notton, David G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Mymaridae
Trichopria
Trichopria fimbriata

description: Trichopria fimbriata Kieffer, 1911b: 995.
Valid name
Trichopria nigra (Nees, 1834).
Summary of types
Lectotype ♂, BMNH number 9.703, designated by Notton (1995).
Primary type data
Craigton/ fungus 22-9; Type; 270.; Cameron Coll./ 1910-55.; fimbriata K.; Holo-/ type; Lectotype ♂ / Trichopria / fimbriata Kieffer / des. Notton, 1995.
Type locality
Scotland, Craigton.
Remarks
This species was described from an unspecified number of males. The type locality is most probably Craigton in Dumfries and Galloway, but might instead by Craigton in Glasgow. The lectotype is mounted on a card, has both antennae and two tarsi broken, and both fore wings are disarticulated.
description: Published as part of Notton, David G., 2014, A catalogue of the types of Diapriinae (Hymenoptera, Diapriidae) at the Natural History Museum, London, pp. 1-123 in European Journal of Taxonomy 75 on page 73, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2014.75, http://zenodo.org/record/3862773
Probing the Birth of Post-merger Millisecond Magnetars by X-ray and Gamma-ray Emission
Creators: name: Wang, L. J.
name: Dai, Z. G.
name: Liu, L. D.
name: Wu, X. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There is growing evidence that a stable magnetar could be formed from the coalescence of double neutron stars. In previous papers, we investigated the signature of formation of stable millisecond magnetars in radio and optical/ultraviolet bands by assuming that the central rapidly rotating magnetar deposits its rotational energy in the form of a relativistic leptonized wind. We found that the optical transient PTF11agg could be the first evidence for the formation of post-merger millisecond magnetars. To enhance the probability of finding more evidence for the post-merger magnetar formation, it is better to extend the observational channel to other photon energy bands. In this paper we propose to search the signature of post-merger magnetar formation in X-ray and especially gamma-ray bands. We calculate the SSC emission of the reverse shock powered by post-merger millisecond magnetars. We find that the SSC component peaks at $1\,{\rm GeV}$ in the spectral energy distribution and extends to $\gtrsim 10\,{\rm TeV}$ for typical parameters. These energy bands are quite suitable for Fermi/LAT and CTA, which, with their current observational sensitivities, can detect the SSC emission powered by post-merger magnetars up to $1\,{\rm Gpc}$. NuSTAR, sensible in X-ray bands, can detect the formation of post-merger millisecond magnetars at redshift $z\sim 1$. Future improvement in sensitivity of CTA can also probe the birth of post-merger millisecond magnetars at redshift $z\sim 1$. However, because of the $γ$-$γ$ collisions, strong high-energy emission is clearly predicted only for ejecta masses lower than $10^{-3}M_\odot$.
description: 42 pages, 2 tables, 8 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
title: Moving air - a portfolio of sounding sculpture
Creators: name: Scott, Calum
Publisher: name: University of Glasgow
Year: 2022

description: This portfolio and commentary document the realisation of a series of sound art works which seek to explore aspects of the physical materiality of sounding objects. The portfolio consists of seven acoustic sound sculpture installations which were exhibited in both indoor and outdoor site-specific settings. The following commentary outlines the motivating principles behind the work as well as its position within key art culture and research contexts before discussing my praxis methods and approach to each work in detail with reference to related theory and existing artworks. Established theories of sound reproduction and acousmatic sound practices are examined in order to frame and contextualise the importance of the local, acoustic encounter with the work and new terminology is proposed to account for this distinct characteristic. My media archaeological method and use of existing sounding objects as stimuli is discussed as well as my approach to the development of materials, compositional intentionality, documentation methods and the audience encounter.
Anerkennung ausländischer Qualifikationen im Land Bremen
Creators: name: Böhme, René
name: Heibült, Jessica
Publisher: name: Arbeitnehmerkammer Bremen
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Qualifikation
subject: Anerkennung
subject: Ausländer
subject: Arbeitsmarkt
subject: 330

description: Immer mehr Menschen kommen nach Deutschland, um hier zu arbeiten. Mit der wachsenden Bedeutung von Ausländern und Ausländerinnen am deutschen Arbeitsmarkt gewinnt auch das Thema Anerkennung von ausländischen Qualifikationen an Bedeutung. Hierzu haben Bund und Länder mit ihren jeweiligen Anerkennungsgesetzen die rechtlichen Grundlagen geschaffen, um es Fachkräften aus dem Ausland zu erleichtern, ihre berufliche Qualifikation auf dem deutschen Arbeitsmarkt einzusetzen. Während es für das Anerkennungsgesetz des Bundes ein umfangreiches und detailliertes Berichtswesen gibt, bleibt zum Entwicklungsstand und der Umsetzung der Landesgesetze vieles offen. Vor diesem Hintergrund hat die Arbeitnehmerkammer Bremen das Institut Arbeit und Wirtschaft (iaw) der Universität Bremen beauftragt, die Anerkennungspraxis im Land Bremen näher zu untersuchen. Mithilfe von Dokumentenanalysen, Experteninterviews sowie einer Online-Umfrage wurde der Prozess der Anerkennungsverfahren insbesondere für vier Berufsgruppen genauer untersucht: Erzieherinnen und Erzieher, Lehrerinnen und Lehrer, Gesundheitsberufe und Ingenieurinnen und Ingenieure. Dabei wurden strukturelle und berufsspezifische Herausforderungen herausgearbeitet und Ansatzpunkte dafür geliefert, wie die zukünftige Anerkennungspraxis im Land Bremen gestaltet werden kann.
Majorization-Minimization Aided Hybrid Transceivers for MIMO Interference Channels
Creators: name: Gong, Shiqi
name: Xing, Chengwen
name: Lau, Vincent K. N.
name: Chen, Sheng
name: Hanzo, Lajos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: The potential of deploying large-scale antenna arrays in future wireless systems has stimulated extensive research on hybrid transceiver designs aiming to approximate the optimal fully-digital schemes with much reduced hardware cost and signal processing complexity. Generally, this hybrid transceiver structure requires a joint design of analog and digital processing to enable both beamsteering and spatial multiplexing gains. In this paper, we develop various weighted mean-square-error minimization (WMMSE) based hybrid transceiver designs over multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) interference channels at both millimeter wave (mmWave) and microwave frequencies. Firstly, a heuristic joint design of hybrid precoder and combiner using alternating optimization is proposed, in which the majorization-minimization (MM) method is utilized to design the analog precoder and combiner with unit-modulus constraints. It is validated that this scheme achieves the comparable performance to the WMMSE fully-digital solution. To further reduce the complexity, a phase projection-based two-stage scheme is proposed to decouple the designs of analog and digital precoder combiner. Secondly, inspired by the fully-digital solutions based on the block-diagonalization zero-forcing (BD-ZF) and signal-to-leakage-plus-noise ratio (SLNR) criteria, low-complexity MMbased BD-ZF and SLNR hybrid designs are proposed to well approximate the corresponding fully-digital solutions. Thirdly, the partially-connected hybrid structure for reducing system hardware cost and power consumption is considered, for which the MM-based alternating optimization still works. Numerical results demonstrate the similar or superior performance of all the above proposed schemes over the existing benchmarks.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures
Recovery of defects from the information at detectors
Creators: name: Kutsenko, Anton A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The discrete wave equation in a multidimensional uniform space with local defects and sources is considered. The characterization of all possible defect configurations corresponding to given amplitudes of waves at the receivers (detectors) is provided.
description: in Inverse Problems, 055005, 2016
Reccurent Neural Network Composed of Long Short Term Memory Based Flood Prediction Model: The Case of Lower Awash Basin
Creators: name: Wondassa  Mamo
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2021
Subjects: Flood Prediction Model, ANN, LSTM, Flood, RNN, Awash River basin

description: This research conducted to forecast flood in lower Awash River basin to reduce risk of flood
 hazard caused to the vulnerable community around the river basin. The country's large-scale
 irrigated cultivating is concentrated along the lower Awash River. Flooding in lower Awash Basin
 often occurs as a result of heavy rainfall from upper station, stream flow from koka dam, and
 discharge from Akaki and Kessem River joining with the Awash River causes flood risk to the crop
 plantation, displaced people in lower plain area during rainy season. We developed LSTM unit
 based RNN model using time series precipitation data obtained from NASA, ETHIOPIA satellite
 data for flood prediction. We used keras library with jupyter environment using python 3.6
 programming language in which the non-linear time series prediction model is RNN composed of
 LSTM unit and this model is applied to daily rainy average precipitation data. The observed public
 data set were divided in to training, validation and test set and to avoid overfitting dropout were
 added during model configuration. As the gradient based training algorithm backpropagation
 algorithm were used with Adam optimization algorithm. The main goal of this study is, to
 investigate and develop reliable and proper prediction model using RNN based LSTM unit to
 reduce the chance of natural disasters caused by floods within the lower Awash River basin. In
 order to meet the goal of this study, public weather datasets related to the study area were collected
 from primary source of data acquisition such as internet and document analysis and the observed
 data has been preprocessed to build a reliable prediction model. To meet the general and specific
 objectives of the research, eight LSTM model are investigated and the performance result of the
 model were compared based on performance evaluation metrics of MSE and MAPE. We found
 optimal hidden neuron 40 and proper RNN structure, 21-40-40-40-1with performance evaluation
 metrics of MSE= 0.0058, validation loss=0.0010 and MAPE 27.78%. We can conclude that model
 D with proper RNN structure of 21-40-40-40-1 and optimal hidden neuron 40 for 21 day ahead
 prediction outperformed than the rest of model developed and chosen for predicting the chance of
 flood occurrence in study region, and can able to predict the likelihood of flood. Hence there is a
 strong need for such model to resolve a reformation problem and this study contribute a new
 knowledge for environmental in localized need as well as scientific domain