cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Cosmic Inhomogeneities and the Average Cosmological Dynamics
Creators: name: Paranjape, Aseem
name: Singh, T. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: If general relativity (GR) describes the expansion of the Universe, the observed cosmic acceleration implies the existence of a `dark energy'. However, while the Universe is on average homogeneous on large scales, it is inhomogeneous on smaller scales. While GR governs the dynamics of the \emph{in}homogeneous Universe, the averaged \emph{homogeneous} Universe obeys modified Einstein equations. Can such modifications alone explain the acceleration? For a simple generic model with realistic initial conditions, we show the answer to be `no'. Averaging effects negligibly influence the cosmological dynamics.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, revtex4; v3 -- Text shortened to match published version. Some typos fixed. No physics changes
New Trends in Analog Filters Slides
Creators: Antonio Liscidini
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2018

SSCS Webinars
Filters are fundamental building blocks in the analog based band section of a wireless transceivers. In both receiver (RX) and transmitter (TX) sides, the use of an analog filter allows to reduce the dynamic range requirements of the following stages. In this webinar, three different approaches will be discussed. The first will be the class of pipe filters where the fundamental kT C limit is somehow overcome by high pass shaping the noise in the filter pass band. In the second part of the webinar, the concept of adaptivity will be analyzed by presenting a low pass filter able to automatically adapt its filter transfer function upon the strength of the interferers at its input. The webinar will end with a discussion about passive switch capacitor filters. In this section it will be introduced a new continuous time model for switched capacitor circuits able to characterize the capability of time variant systems to implement non reciprocal network with only passive element. This characteristic will be also the key to the implementation of complex conjugate poles in passive switched capacitor structure.
Winds and Accretion in Young Stars
Creators: name: Edwards, Suzan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Establishing the origin of accretion powered winds from forming stars is critical for understanding angular momentum evolution in the star-disk interaction region. Here, the high velocity component of accretion powered winds is launched and accreting stars are spun down, in defiance of the expected spin-up during magnetospheric accretion. T Tauri stars in the final stage of disk accretion offer a unique opportunity to study the connection between accretion and winds and their relation to stellar spindown. Although spectroscopic indicators of high velocity T Tauri winds have been known for decades, the line of He I 10830 offers a promising new diagnostic to probe the magnetically controlled star-disk interaction and wind-launching region. The high opacity and resonance scattering properties of this line offer a powerful probe of the geometry of both the funnel flow and the inner wind that, together with other atomic and molecular spectral lines covering a wide range of excitation and ionization states, suggests that the magnetic interaction between the star and disk, and the subsequent launching of the inner high velocity wind, is sensitive to the disk accretion rate.
description: invited review to appear in Proceedings of the 15th Workshop of Cool Stars, Stellar Systems, and the Sun (2008)
ChipQA: No-Reference Video Quality Prediction via Space-Time Chips
Creators: name: Ebenezer, Joshua P.
name: Shang, Zaixi
name: Wu, Yongjun
name: Wei, Hai
name: Sethuraman, Sriram
name: Bovik, Alan C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose a new model for no-reference video quality assessment (VQA). Our approach uses a new idea of highly-localized space-time (ST) slices called Space-Time Chips (ST Chips). ST Chips are localized cuts of video data along directions that \textit{implicitly} capture motion. We use perceptually-motivated bandpass and normalization models to first process the video data, and then select oriented ST Chips based on how closely they fit parametric models of natural video statistics. We show that the parameters that describe these statistics can be used to reliably predict the quality of videos, without the need for a reference video. The proposed method implicitly models ST video naturalness, and deviations from naturalness. We train and test our model on several large VQA databases, and show that our model achieves state-of-the-art performance at reduced cost, without requiring motion computation.
description: To appear in IEEE Transactions on Image Processing in Sep 2021
Relationships between depression and food intake in climacteric women
Creators: name: Oldra, C. M.
name: Benvegnú, D. M.
name: Silva, D. R. P.
name: Wendt, G. W.
name: Vieira, A. P.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Objective: This study evaluated the associations between food intake – especially omega-3 (n-3) – and depressive symptoms in climacteric women. Methods: Four hundred climacteric women were included in this research. The Kupperman Index, the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, and a 3-day food diary were used to investigate climacteric symptoms, depressive symptoms, and food intake, respectively. Sociodemographic, clinical, and anthropometric variables were also explored. Results: Statistically significant associations were observed between depression and climacteric symptoms, climacteric phase, previous history of depression, antidepressant drug use, family income, sleep pattern, and consumption of carbohydrates, fiber, polyunsaturated fatty acids, magnesium, zinc, and vitamins C, D, and B12. No association was observed between n-3 consumption and depression. Conclusion: Climacteric symptoms and food intake are important factors linked to depression during the climacteric period. Further studies are needed to clarify the changes in this phase of women’s lives, as well as to investigate the role of the diet in the depression treatment or prevention.
Stochastic Resonance in the Fermi-Pasta-Ulam Chain
Creators: name: Miloshevich, George
name: Khomeriki, Ramaz
name: Ruffo, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a damped $β$-Fermi-Pasta-Ulam chain, driven at one boundary subjected to stochastic noise. It is shown that, for a fixed driving amplitude and frequency, increasing the noise intensity, the system's energy resonantly responds to the modulating frequency of the forcing signal. Multiple peaks appear in the signal to noise ratio, signalling the phenomenon of stochastic resonance. The presence of multiple peaks is explained by the existence of many stable and metastable states that are found when solving this boundary value problem for a semi-continuum approximation of the model. Stochastic resonance is shown to be generated by transitions between these states.
Effectiveness of hyaluronate-based pessaries in the treatment of vulvovaginal atrophy in postmenopausal women
Creators: name: Nappi, R. E.
name: Kotek, M.
name: Brešt’anský, A.
name: Giordan, N.
name: Tramentozzi, E.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Objectives: This study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of hyaluronic acid-based vaginal pessaries (Hydeal-D) in the treatment of vulvovaginal atrophy (VVA). Study design: The study was a prospective, multicenter clinical investigation of VVA topical treatment in 40 postmenopausal women. Patients applied one Hydeal-D pessary every 3 days for 3 months. Main outcome measures: The primary endpoint was the amelioration of VVA signs after treatment, evaluated by measuring the change from baseline of the Vaginal Health Index (VHI) score. Secondary endpoints included the evaluation of other VVA-related signs and symptoms, safety, and patient-reported and clinician-reported satisfaction and treatment tolerability. Results: The 3-month treatment with Hydeal-D vaginal pessaries showed efficacy for all analyzed endpoints. Improvement exceeded threshold values of VVA diagnosis, sexual dysfunction, and distress, confirming clinically relevant amelioration of VVA symptoms. Changes from baseline conditions confirmed significant improvement of all parameters including the VHI, vaginal pH, patients’ perception of VVA symptoms, sexual function, and vaginal maturation. Patients’ overall satisfaction was very high after 1 month of treatment and increased further after 3 months. No severe adverse events were reported. Conclusions: Significant amelioration of VVA-related signs indicates that Hydeal-D vaginal pessaries are an effective, safe, and well-tolerated non-hormonal therapeutic option for VVA in postmenopausal women.
Isotope shift calculations in Ti II
Creators: name: Berengut, J. C.
name: Flambaum, V. V.
name: Kozlov, M. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an accurate ab initio method of calculating transition energies and isotope shifts in the 3d-transition metals. It extends previous work that combines the configuration-interaction calculation with many-body perturbation theory by including the effective three-body interaction and modification of the energy denominator. We show that these effects are of importance in Ti II. The need to develop methods that can accurately calculate isotope shifts in 3d-transition metals comes from studies of quasar absorption spectra that seek to measure possible variation of the fine-structure constant alpha over the lifetime of the Universe. Isotope shift can also be used to measure isotope abundances in gas clouds in the early Universe, which are needed in order to test models of chemical evolution.
Spin-resolved impurity resonance states in electron-doped cuprate superconductors
Creators: name: Liu, Bin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With the aim at understanding the non-monotonic $d_{x^{2}-y^{2}}$-wave gap, we analyze the local electronic structure near impurities in the electron-doped cuprate superconductors. We find that the local density of states near a non-magnetic impurity in the scenario of $d_{x^{2}-y^{2}}$-wave superconductivity with higher harmonics is qualitatively different from that obtained from the $d_{x^{2}-y^{2}}$-wave superconductivity coexisting with antiferromagnetic spin density wave order. We propose that spin-polarized scanning tunneling microscopy measurements can distinguish the two scenarios and shed light on the real physical origin of a non-monotonic $d_{x^{2}-y^{2}}$-wave gap.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, updated version and accepted in Phys. Rev. B
Information and Data Quality in Spreadsheets
Creators: name: O'Beirne, Patrick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The quality of the data in spreadsheets is less discussed than the structural integrity of the formulas. Yet it is an area of great interest to the owners and users of the spreadsheet. This paper provides an overview of Information Quality (IQ) and Data Quality (DQ) with specific reference to how data is sourced, structured, and presented in spreadsheets.
description: 15 Pages, 3 Tables, 1 Figure
Ferromagnetic half-metallicity in YBaCo2O6 and spin-states driven metal-insulator transition
Creators: name: Hu, Wentao
name: Yang, Ke
name: Wen, Xuan
name: Wu, Hua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cobaltates have rich spin-states and diverse properties. Using spin-state pictures and firstprinciples calculations, here we study the electronic structure and magnetism of the mixed-valent double perovskite YBaCo2O6. We find that YBaCo2O6 is in the formal intermediate-spin (IS) Co3+/low-spin (LS) Co4+ ground state. The hopping of eg electron from IS-Co3+ to LS-Co4+ via double exchange gives rise to a ferromagnetic half-metallicity, which well accounts for the recent experiments. The reduction of both magnetization and Curie temperature by oxygen vacancies is discussed, aided with Monte Carlo simulations. We also explore several other possible spin-states and their interesting electronic/magnetic properties. Moreover, we predict that a volume expansion more than 3% would tune YBaCo2O6 into the high-spin (HS) Co3+/LS Co4+ ferromagnetic state and simultaneously drive a metal-insulator transition. Therefore, spin-states are a useful parameter for tuning the material properties of cobaltates.
description: 9 pages, 10 figures, 4 tables, J. Mater. Chem. C, accepted
Agile Hardware Design with a Generator-Based Methodology Slides
Creators: Elad Alon
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2019

SSCS Webinar
ABSTRACT Despite the many applications that could substantially benefit from the energy-performance achievable with an SoC implemented in an advanced process technology, the high costs of designing and verifying such an SoC using current methodologies limits their adoption to end markets greater than $1B in size. Not only has this prevented substantial hardware innovation in emerging markets, but even in markets large enough to bear the high initial design cost, designers are being put under constant pressure to improve their productivity given increasingly tight time-to-market constraints and product cycles. In this talk, I will describe a collaborative effort to develop an agile approach that aims to substantially reduce the design and verification costs of such advanced SoCs. Building on principles originally developed for agile software design, the key missing piece for hardware is that rather than focusing on developing instances, designers should focus on developing generators that facilitate re-use and enable agile validation as well as verification. As I will describe in this talk, to support this shift in approach, our team is developing technologies that enable generation of digital and analog hardware as well as the means to verify the hardware that is produced. After briefly describing each of these technologies and highlighting some of their key features, I will then briefly describe the SoC generator we have developed and used to tape-out multiple SoC demonstrators on TSMCs 16nm FFC process.
Long-term evolution of neutron-star merger remnants in general relativistic resistive-magnetohydrodynamics with a mean-field dynamo term
Creators: name: Shibata, Masaru
name: Fujibayashi, Sho
name: Sekiguchi, Yuichiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Long-term neutrino-radiation resistive-magnetohydrodynamics simulations in full general relativity are performed for a system composed of a massive neutron star and a torus formed as a remnant of binary neutron star mergers. The simulation is performed in axial symmetry incorporating a mean-field dynamo term for a hypothetical amplification of the magnetic-field strength. We first calibrate the mean-field dynamo parameters by comparing the results for the evolution of black hole-disk systems with viscous hydrodynamics results. We then perform simulations for the system of a remnant massive neutron star and a torus. As in the viscous hydrodynamics case, the mass ejection occurs primarily from the torus surrounding the massive neutron star. The total ejecta mass and electron fraction in the new simulation are similar to those in the viscous hydrodynamics case. However, the velocity of the ejecta can be significantly enhanced by magnetohydrodynamics effects caused by global magnetic fields.
description: 22 pages, 13 figures, published in PRD
Unbounded representations of $q$-deformation of Cuntz algebra
Creators: name: Ostrovskyi, Vasyl
name: Proskurin, Daniil
name: Turowska, Lyudmila
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 47L60, 47L30, 47A67

description: We study a deformation of the Cuntz-Toeplitz $C^*$-algebra determined by the relations $a_i^*a_i=1+q a_ia_i^*, a_i^*a_j=0$. We define well-behaved unbounded *-representations of the *-algebra defined by relations above and classify all such irreducible representations up to unitary equivalence.
description: 13 pages, Submitted to Lett. Math. Phys
Morphological Constraints on Intra-sentential Code-Switching: toward a standardization of Spanglish Grammar
Creators: name: Ghirardini, Federica
Publisher: name: Annali Online  Lettere - Ferrara
Year: 2012

description: Attraverso l'osservazione del code switching Inglese-Spagnolo è  possibile notare che la grammatica dello Spanglish è profondamente  influenzata dalla grammatica di entrambe le lingue. Questo articolo  mostra come dietro al processo di ibridazione linguistica ci siano  regolarità e restrizioni, legate a proprietà sintattiche strutturali  come la teoria X-barra e la teoria dell'accordo, ed offre una  spiegazione riguardo a come e perché queste teorie linguistiche sono  coinvolte nel processo.
description: Annali Online  Lettere - Ferrara, I 1 (2006)
Optimal recovery of operator sequences
Creators: name: Babenko, V. F.
name: Parfinovych, N. V.
name: Skorokhodov, D. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 41A65 (primary), 46A45

description: In this paper we consider two recovery problems based on information given with an error. First is the problem of optimal recovery of the class $W^T_q = \{(t_1h_1,t_2h_2,\ldots)\in \ell_q\,:\,\|h\|_q\leqslant 1\}$, where $1\le q < \infty$ and $t_1\geqslant t_2\geqslant \ldots \geqslant 0$, in the space $\ell_q$ when in the capacity of inexact information we know either the first $n\in\mathbb{N}$ elements of a sequence with an error measured in the space of finite sequences $\ell_r^n$, $0 < r \le \infty$, or a sequence itself is known with an error measured in the space $\ell_r$. The second is the problem of optimal recovery of scalar products acting on Cartesian product $W^{T,S}_{p,q}$ of classes $W^T_p$ and $W^S_q$, where $1 < p,q < \infty$, $\frac{1}{p} + \frac{1}{q} = 1$ and $s_1\ge s_2\ge \ldots \ge 0$, when in the capacity of inexact information we know the first $n$ coordinate-wise products $x_1y_1, x_2y_2,\ldots,x_ny_m$ of the element $x\times y \in W^{T,S}_{p,q}$ with an error measured in the space $\ell_r^n$. We find exact solutions to above problems and construct optimal methods of recovery. As an application of our results we consider the problem of optimal recovery of classes in Hilbert spaces by Fourier coefficients known with an error measured in the space $\ell_p$ with $p > 2$.
Finite Prime Distance Graphs and 2-Odd Graphs
Creators: name: Laison, Joshua D.
name: Starr, Colin
name: Walker, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C78, 11A41

description: A graph $G$ is a prime distance graph (respectively, a 2-odd graph) if its vertices can be labeled with distinct integers such that for any two adjacent vertices, the difference of their labels is prime (either 2 or odd). We prove that trees, cycles, and bipartite graphs are prime distance graphs, and that Dutch windmill graphs and paper mill graphs are prime distance graphs if and only if the Twin Prime Conjecture and dePolignac's Conjecture are true, respectively. We give a characterization of 2-odd graphs in terms of edge colorings, and we use this characterization to determine which circulant graphs of the form $Circ(n, \{1,k\})$ are 2-odd and to prove results on circulant prime distance graphs.
Theory and computation of directional nematic phase ordering
Creators: name: Soulé, Ezequiel R.
name: Rey, Nasser Mohieddin Abukhdeir. Alejandro D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A computational study of morphological instabilities of a two-dimensional nematic front under directional growth was performed using a Landau-de Gennes type quadrupolar tensor order parameter model for the first-order isotropic/nematic transition of 5CB (pentyl-cyanobiphenyl). A previously derived energy balance, taking anisotropy into account, was utilized to account for latent heat and an imposed morphological gradient in the time-dependent model. Simulations were performed using an initially homeotropic isotropic/nematic interface. Thermal instabilities in both the linear and non-linear regimes were observed and compared to past experimental and theoretical observations. A sharp-interface model for the study of linear morphological instabilities, taking into account additional complexity resulting from liquid crystalline order, was derived. Results from the sharp-interface model were compared to those from full two-dimensional simulation identifying the specific limitations of simplified sharp-interface models for this liquid crystal system. In the nonlinear regime, secondary instabilities were observed to result in the formation of defects, interfacial heterogeneities, and bulk texture dynamics.
description: first revision
Magnon spin transport around the compensation magnetic field in easy-plane antiferromagnetic insulators
Creators: name: Shen, Ka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we theoretically study the magnon spin transport in easy-plane antiferromagnetic insulators in the presence of an in-plane magnetic field. By exactly calculating the magnon spectrum, we find the band splitting due to the magnetic anisotropy can be fully compensated by the external field at a particular strength, which makes its dynamics nearly equivalent to an easy-axis antiferromagnet. As a result, the intrinsic magnon spin Hall effect due to the dipole-dipole interaction, previously predicted in easy-axis antiferromagnets is activated in easy-plane antiferromagnets. The compensation feature also allows the field control of magnon spin lifetime and hence the spin diffusion length. The compensation feature is robust against the biaxial anisotropy.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures
Gravitational field of domain wall in Lyra geometry
Creators: name: Rahaman, F.
name: Ghosh, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we study the domain wall with time dependent displacement vectors based on Lyra geometry in normal gauge i.e. displacement vector $f^*_i = [ β(t), 0,0,0]$. The field theoretic energy momentum tensor is considered with zero pressure perpendicular to the wall. We find an exact solutions of Einstein equation for a scalar field $ϕ$ with a potential $V(ϕ)$ describing the gravitational field of a plane symmetric domain wall. We have seen that the hyper surfaces parallel to the wall ($ z = constant $) are three dimensional de-sitter spaces. It is also shown that the gravitational field experienced by test particle is attractive.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures; Submitted in Astrophysics and Space Science after minor revision
Solar Temperature Variations Computed from SORCE SIM Irradiances Observed During 2003-2020
Creators: name: Cahalan, Robert F.
name: Ajiquichi, Paulino
name: Yataz, Gaspar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For a "reference day" of minimal solar activity between cycles 23 and 24 we compute the brightness temperature from solar spectral irradiance for each wavelength. We consider small variations of irradiance and temperature about the reference day values, and derive linear and quadratic analytic temperature approximations by Taylor expansion about the reference values. To determine approximation accuracy we compare to exact brightness temperatures computed for each day. We find that the linear analytic approximation overestimates, while the quadratic underestimates the exact result. Using R software, we find statistical fit models with minimum root-mean-square-error. We show that the quadratic statistical fit models give the smallest root-mean-square-error, giving results very near the exact.
description: 35 pages, 9 appendices, 13 figures, 13 tables
Quantitative problems on the size of $G$-operators
Creators: name: Lepetit, Gabriel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary: 34M03, Secondary: 13N10, 34M05, 11J72

description: $G$-operators, a class of differential operators containing the differential operators of minimal order annihilating Siegel's $G$-functions, satisfy a condition of moderate growth called Galochkin condition, encoded by a $p$-adic quantity, the size. Previous works of Chudnovsky, André and Dwork have provided inequalities between the size of a $G$ -operator and certain computable constants depending among others on its solutions. First, we recall André's idea to attach a notion of size to differential modules and detail his results on the behavior of the size relatively to the standard algebraic operations on the modules. This is the corner stone to prove a quantitative version of André's generalization of Chudnovsky's Theorem: for $f(z)=\sum_{α, k,\ell} c_{α, k,\ell} z^α \log(z)^k f_{α, k,\ell}(z)$, where $f_{α, k,\ell}(z)$ are $G$-functions, we can determine an upper bound on the size of the minimal operator $L$ over $\overline{\mathbb{Q}}(z)$ of $f(z)$ in terms of quantities depending on the $f_{α, k,\ell}(z)$, the rationals $α$ and the integers $k$. We give two applications of this result: we estimate the size of a product of two $G$-operators in function of the size of each operator; we also compute a constant appearing in a Diophantine problem encountered by the author.
description: to appear in manuscripta mathematica
title: Engineering science in Glasgow: W.J.M. Rankine and the motive power of air
Creators: name: Marsden, Ben
Publisher: name: University of Kent
Year: 2021

description: This thesis analyses the construction of academic engineering education in Glasgow University during the tenure of the first two professors of civil engineering and mechanics, concentrating on the second, William John Macquorn Rankine (1820-72). His education, engineering activities, and involvement in societies (engineering, scientific, local or peripatetic) both enabled the establishment of supportive social networks and made available resources for the creation of an 'engineering science' which was perceived as academically acceptable and practically beneficial. University allies furthered academic integration. Societies and journals provided extensive opportunities to promote, publicize and legitimate academic engineering. Chapter one demonstrates the diversity of academic engineering, with content contingent upon social pressures, personal inclinations of incumbent professors, and local justificatory frameworks. Chapters two and three analyse Rankine's interactions within educational, scientific and practical engineering contexts in Scotland and Ireland during the 1830s and 1840s as active publishing participant. Chapters four and five present a study of the 'air-engine' which aroused phenomenal public interest in the late 1840s and early to mid 1850s. An example of a 'failed technology' often neglected by historians, its contemporary significance saw it annexed to the cause of energy physics: 'realized' in an 'improved' form by Rankine and James Robert Napier (1821-79) as the embodiment of a harmony between theory and practice; paraded as a new source of motive power usurping the steam-engine; adduced as evidence for the supremacy of dynamical theories of heat; and manipulated as propaganda for the re-vitalization of the Glasgow chair of civil engineering and mechanics. Chapter six charts the career of Lewis Gordon, first professor of civil engineering and mechanics, demonstrating the manifold difficulties faced in establishing academic engineering in Glasgow in the 1840s. Chapter seven exhibits the intense campaign accompanying Rankine's re-establishment of engineering in the University, with the air-engine playing a major role. Finally, chapter eight examines the synthesis of concepts central to scientific and engineering practice (measurement and economy) through efficiency to construct a coherent directive for academic engineering with 'engineering science' central.
Critical Non-Abelian Vortex and Holography for Little String Theory
Creators: name: Ievlev, E.
name: Yung, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has been shown that non-Abelian vortex string supported in four dimensional (4D) ${\mathcal N}=2$ supersymmetric QCD (SQCD) with the U(2) gauge group and $N_f = 4$ quark flavors becomes a critical superstring. This string propagates in the ten dimensional space formed by a product of the flat 4D space and an internal space given by a Calabi-Yau non-compact threefold, namely, the conifold. The spectrum of closed string states of the associated string theory was obtained using the equivalence between the critical string on the conifold and the non-critical string on the semi-infinite cigar described by SL($2, \mathbb{R}$)/U(1) Wess-Zumino-Novikov-Witten model. This spectrum was identified with the spectrum of hadrons in 4D ${\mathcal N}=2$ SQCD. In order to describe effective interactions of these 4D hadrons in this paper we study correlation functions of normalizable vertex operators localized near the tip of the SL($2, \mathbb{R}$)/U(1) cigar. We also compare our solitonic string approach to the gauge-string duality to the AdS/CFT-type holography for little string theories (LSTs). The latter relates off mass-shell correlation functions on the field theory side to correlation functions of non-normalizable vertex operators on the cigar. We show that in most channels holographic approach works in our theory because normalizable and non-normalizable vertex operators with the same conformal dimension are related due to the reflection from the tip of the cigar. However, we find that holography does not work for lightest hadrons with given baryonic charge.
description: 34 pages + appendices, 1 figure
A study of super-luminous stars with the Fermi Large Area Telescope
Creators: name: de Menezes, Raniere
name: Orlando, Elena
name: Di Mauro, Mattia
name: Strong, Andrew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The $γ$-ray emission from stars is induced by the interaction of cosmic rays with stellar atmospheres and photon fields. This emission is expected to come in two components: a stellar disk emission, where $γ$-rays are mainly produced in atmospheric showers generated by hadronic cosmic rays, and an extended halo emission, where the high density of soft photons in the surroundings of stars create a suitable environment for $γ$-ray production via inverse Compton (IC) scattering by cosmic-ray electrons. Besides the Sun, no other disk or halo from single stars has ever been detected in $γ$-rays. However, by assuming a cosmic-ray spectrum similar to that observed on Earth, the predicted $γ$-ray emission of super-luminous stars, like e.g. Betelgeuse and Rigel, could be high enough to be detected by the Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) after its first decade of operations. In this work, we use 12 years of Fermi-LAT observations along with IC models to study 9 super-luminous nearby stars, both individually and via stacking analysis. Our results show no significant $γ$-ray emission, but allow us to restrict the stellar $γ$-ray fluxes to be on average $<3.3 \times 10^{-11}$ ph cm$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$ at a 3$σ$ confidence level, which translates to an average local density of electrons in the surroundings of our targets to be less than twice of that observed for the Solar System.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
title: Wealth makes worship : attitudes to joint stock enterprise in British law, politics and culture, c.1800-c.1870
Creators: name: Taylor, James Conrad
Publisher: name: University of Kent
Year: 2022

description: This thesis takes issue with many of the claims and assumptions of much of the existing historiography on joint stock enterprise in nineteenth-century Britain. Historians have presented the conferral by the state of automatic rights of incorporation on companies in a Whiggish light, as a natural and inevitable step towards a modern economy. Such accounts denigrate opponents of this intervention as ignorant, prejudiced, or self-interested and suggest that opposition was restricted largely to the Conservative Party. The first part of the thesis presents an alternative picture which stresses the coherence, breadth, and depth of antipathy towards joint stock enterprise. This interpretation is based on an extensive reading of popular sources including novels, plays, newspapers, and cartoons, alongside parliamentary papers, law reports, and pamphlets. Part two of the thesis traces changing attitudes towards corporate enterprise, and considers why joint stock companies were accorded legislative sanction between 1844 and 1862. It rejects simplistic accounts which describe this process in terms of the rising tide of free trade and laissez faire, and argues that a significant reconceptualisation of the joint stock company occurred in these years, by which the boundaries between public and private spheres were redrawn. Corporate privileges became viewed as private rights which the state could not justly withhold from joint stock enterprise. The legislative framework constructed between 1844 and 1862 was severely tested by the commercial crisis of 1866, but ultimately the crisis served to entrench rather than to undermine the position of joint stock companies. Despite continued criticism of joint stock enterprise after 1866, it is argued that this was harmless, partly owing to the redefinition of companies as private entities, partly because those concerned by standards of commercial morality thought that the only way to purify commerce was to reform personal behaviour rather than impose legislative solutions.
NUQTADAN TO'G'RI CHIZIQQACHA BO'LGAN MASOFA. IKKI TO'G'RI CHIZIQ ORASIDAGI BURCHAK.
Creators: name: Abduraxmonova, Ruxshona
name: Mahmudova, Dilnoza
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Ushbu maqolada "nuqtadan to'g'ri chiziqqa bo'lgan masofa" va "ikki to'g'ri chiziq orasidagi burchak" kabi geometriyaning muhim tushunchalari ko'rib chiqilgan. Nuqtadan to'g'ri chiziqqa bo'lgan masofa, berilgan nuqtadan to'g'ri chiziqqa bo'lgan eng qisqa masofa sifatida aniqlanadi va bu masofani hisoblash formulasi taqdim etilgan. Ikki to'g'ri chiziq orasidagi burchak esa, ularning yo'nalish vektorlarining orasidagi burchakni hisoblash orqali aniqlanadi. Maqolada, bu tushunchalarning matematik formulalari, amaliy qo'llanilishlari va geometriyada qanday ishlatilishi haqida batafsil ma'lumot berilgan.
Dealing with Adversarial Player Strategies in the Neural Network Game iNNk through Ensemble Learning
Creators: name: Löwe, Mathias
name: Villareale, Jennifer
name: Freed, Evan
name: Sladek, Aleksanteri
name: Zhu, Jichen
name: Risi, Sebastian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Applying neural network (NN) methods in games can lead to various new and exciting game dynamics not previously possible. However, they also lead to new challenges such as the lack of large, clean datasets, varying player skill levels, and changing gameplay strategies. In this paper, we focus on the adversarial player strategy aspect in the game iNNk, in which players try to communicate secret code words through drawings with the goal of not being deciphered by a NN. Some strategies exploit weaknesses in the NN that consistently trick it into making incorrect classifications, leading to unbalanced gameplay. We present a method that combines transfer learning and ensemble methods to obtain a data-efficient adaptation to these strategies. This combination significantly outperforms the baseline NN across all adversarial player strategies despite only being trained on a limited set of adversarial examples. We expect the methods developed in this paper to be useful for the rapidly growing field of NN-based games, which will require new approaches to deal with unforeseen player creativity.
description: 10 pages, 4 Figures. Accepted for publishing at the 16th International Conference on the Foundations of Digital Games (FDG) 2021
The structure of porous 2D boron crystals
Creators: name: Tarkowski, T.
name: Marchwiany, M.
name: Szwacki, N. Gonzalez
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we foresee the structure of a new class of borophenes with smaller 2D densities of atoms than those explored so far for 2D boron crystals. Boron atoms in the porous borophenes tend to be $5$-coordinated in contrast to commonly investigated structures with hexagonal holes for which the number of nearest neighbors of each atom varies from $3$ to $6$. High metallic character is the usual feature of borophenes, however, we have also identified a semimetallic borophene that turns into semiconductor upon unit cell expansion. A $10\%$ increase in lattice constant of this structure gives rise to an energy gap of $0.3\,\textnormal{eV}$. This extends to semiconductor industry the possible application of 2D boron crystals.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures, 2 tables
Quantum Equivalence of Massive Antisymmetric Tensor Field Models in Curved Space
Creators: name: Buchbinder, I. L.
name: Kirillova, E. N.
name: Pletnev, N. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effective actions for massive rank-2 and rank-3 antisymmetric tensor field models in curved space-time. These models are classically equivalent to massive vector field and massive scalar field with minimal coupling to gravity respectively. We prove that effective action for massive rank-2 antisymmetric tensor field is exactly equal to one for massive vector field and effective action for massive rank-3 antisymmetric tensor field is exactly equal to one for massive scalar field. Prove is based on an identity for mass-dependent zeta-functions associated with Laplacians acting on $p$-forms.
description: 8 pages, REVTeX file
title: The Misleading Consequences of Comparing Algorithmic and Tacit Collusion: Tackling Algorithmic Concerted Practices Under Art. 101 TFEU
Creators: name: Calzolari, Luca
Publisher: name: European Papers (www.europeanpapers.eu)
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: competition law
subject: algorithms
subject: algorithmic collusion
subject: imputability
subject: intent
subject: commitment decisions

description: European Papers - A Journal on Law and Integration, 2021 6(2), 1193-1228
description: I. Preliminary remarks. - II. The increasing attractiveness of cartels in the age of big data analytics. - III. Collusion between rational algorithms: the relation between market transparency and artificial intelligence in a world of big data. - IV. Existing vs created market conditions: tacit collusion or algorithmic concerted practices? - V. The limited role played by intent and imputability in the antitrust realm: the case of parent company liability and its applicability by analogy to the relation undertakings vis-à-vis algorithms. - VI. Big data analytics does create competitive concerns: should the Commission and national competition authorities commit to tackling algorithmic collusion? - VII. Conclusions.
description: Due to digital markets' transparency, algorithmic collusion may occur even if algorithms are designed to maximize profits rather than to conspire. The literature suggests that competition rules may not cover algorithmic collusion, being the latter an example of tacit collusion: by monitoring market conditions, each algorithm unilaterally and rationally decides to maintain supra-competitive prices. Data analytics ease the monitoring and reaction to competitors' behaviours, increasing the number of markets subject to tacit collusion. Yet, intention to conspire seems absent. In this Article, it is submitted that algorithmic collusion is different from tacit collusion and can be tackled under EU competition law. In the traditional scenario, undertakings base their rational decisions on the existing markets conditions. While designing their algorithms to maximize profits, undertakings are contributing to create the conditions allowing "tacit" collusion to occur. Moreover, a quasi-strict liability regime applies to antitrust offences, so that intention and imputability play limited roles. As a consequence, if algorithms programmed to maximize profits end up colluding, a rebuttable presumption of the existence of a concerted practice should apply. The practice should be prohibited unless undertakings can prove that, in the specific case, a concerted practice did not occur or that art. 101(3) TFEU applies. Moreover, competition rules may be enforced even without ascertaining any antitrust infringement. Competitive concerns are enough to adopt commitment decisions. Here, the Commission (or a National Competition Authority) may negotiate with the concerned undertakings technical remedies to prevent algorithmic collusion by intervening on the way the algorithms work.
Overview and main results of the DidaTab project
Creators: name: Blondel, Francois-Marie
name: Bruillard, Eric
name: Tort, Francoise
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The DidaTab project (Didactics of Spreadsheet, teaching and learning spreadsheets) is a three year project (2005-2007) funded by the French Ministry of Research and dedicated to the study of personal and classroom uses of spreadsheets in the French context, focussing on the processes of appropriation and uses by secondary school students. In this paper, we present an overview of the project, briefly report the studies performed in the framework of the DidaTab project, and give the main results we obtained. We then explore the new research tracks we intend to develop, more in connection with EuSpRIG. Our main result is that the use of spreadsheet during secondary education (grade 6 to 12) is rather sparse for school work (and even more seldom at home) and that student competencies are weak. Curricula have to be reviewed to include more training of dynamics tabular tools (including databases queries) in order to ensure sufficient mastery of computer tools that have became necessary in many educational activities.
description: 12 Pages, 5 Figures
title: In Limbo: Divergent Conceptualisations of Ill-treatment by European Courts and the Creation of Non-removable Migrants
Creators: name: Ginés Martín, Diego
Publisher: name: European Papers (www.europeanpapers.eu)
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: expulsion
subject: non-refoulement
subject: subsidiary protection
subject: inhuman or degrading treatment
subject: intentional deprivation
subject: non-removability

description: European Papers - A Journal on Law and Integration, 2021 6(2), 1173-1192
description: I. Introduction. - II. Art. 3 ECHR as an obstacle to deportation. - II.1. Soering and beyond: absolute protection under the ECHR. - II.2. From inflicted to situational risks: cases of illness and non-refoulement. - II.3. What next? Non-refoulement and non-removability. - III. The scope of subsidiary protection under the Directive 2011/95. - III.1. Subsidiary protection under arts 15(a) and 15(c). - III.2. Subsidiary protection under art. 15(b). - IV. Interpreting subsidiary protection after Paposhvili: judicial dialogue and non-removability. - V. Conclusions.
description: Arts 2(f) and 15(b) of the EU Qualification Directive confer subsidiary protection to those third-country nationals in respect of whom there are substantial grounds to believe that, if expelled, would face a real risk of suffering "torture or inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment". These provisions mirror the wording and risk-assessment criteria of art. 3 of the European Convention on Human Rights. This Article explores the possibility that protection from expulsion under art. 3 of the Convention is not followed by the award of subsidiary protection under EU law, leading to limbo-like situations of non-removability. By analysing the text of the Directive and the jurisprudence of both the Court of Justice of the EU and the European Court of Human Rights, and putting a particular emphasis on the case of MP (C‑353/16 ECLI:EU:C:2018:276), this Article shows an asymmetric dialogue between both courts in this field. By ruling that, in medical cases, applicants will need to be intentionally deprived of treatment in the country of origin in order to access subsidiary protection, the Court of Justice attaches a narrower scope to the very same concept and leaves the door open to situations of non-removability. This Article contends that the Directive allows for a different interpretation that captures the most recent developments of the principle of non-refoulement.