cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Experimental Demonstration of Optically Determined Solar Cell Current Transport Efficiency Map
Creators: name: Delamarre, Amaury
name: Lombez, Laurent
name: Watanabe, Kentaroh
name: Sugiyama, Masakazu
name: Nakano, Yoshiaki
name: Guillemoles, Jean-Francois
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A recently suggested reciprocity relation states that the current transport efficiency from the junction to the cell terminal can be determined by differentiating luminescence images with respect to the terminal voltage. The validity of this relation is shown experimentally in this paper, by comparison with simultaneously measured electrical currents and simulations. Moreover, we verify that the method is applicable under various light concentrations and applied voltages, which allows us to investigate the cell in relevant conditions. Results evidence several kind of series resistances affecting the current transport efficiencies. We show that the relative contribution of those different resistances to the loss in current collection is a function of the illumination intensity.
Quantum key distribution over 658 km fiber with distributed vibration sensing
Creators: name: Chen, Jiu-Peng
name: Zhang, Chi
name: Liu, Yang
name: Jiang, Cong
name: Zhao, Dong-Feng
name: Zhang, Wei-Jun
name: Chen, Fa-Xi
name: Li, Hao
name: You, Li-Xing
name: Wang, Zhen
name: Chen, Yang
name: Wang, Xiang-Bin
name: Zhang, Qiang
name: Pan, Jian-Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Twin-field quantum key distribution (TF-QKD) promises ultra-long secure key distribution which surpasses the rate distance limit and can reduce the number of the trusted nodes in long-haul quantum network. Tremendous efforts have been made towards implementation of TF-QKD, among which, the secure key with finite size analysis can distribute more than 500 km in the lab and in the field. Here, we demonstrate the sending-or-not-sending TF-QKD experimentally, achieving a secure key distribution with finite size analysis over 658 km ultra-low-loss optical fiber, improve the secure distance record by around 100 km. Meanwhile, in a TF-QKD system, any phase fluctuation due to temperature variation and ambient variation during the channel must be recorded and compensated, and all these phase information can then be utilized to sense the channel vibration perturbations. With our QKD system, we recovered the external vibrational perturbations on the fiber generated by an artificial vibroseis and successfully located the perturbation position with a resolution better than 1 km. Our results not only set a new distance record of QKD, but also demonstrate that the redundant information of TF-QKD can be used for remote sensing of the channel vibration, which can find applications in earthquake detection and landslide monitoring besides secure communication.
description: 20 pages, 4 figures and 1 table
SMART-Plant solutions_FACTSHEETS
Creators: name: Remy, Christian
name: Fatone, Francesco
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: wastewater
water
digital solutions
resource recovery
circular economy
bio-based products

description: Factsheets of the n. 13 innovative solutions (technologies for wastewater treatment and management, energy efficiency and resource recovery, recovered products, digital solutions) developed within SMART-Plant H2020 innovation action.
Angle dependent field-driven reorientation transitions in uniaxial antiferromagnet MnBi$_2$Te$_4$ single crystal
Creators: name: Cao, Ning
name: Chen, Xue
name: Mi, Xinrun
name: Qiao, Saisai
name: Zhang, Liyu
name: Peng, Kunling
name: He, Mingquan
name: Wang, Aifeng
name: Chai, Yisheng
name: Zhou, Xiaoyuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: MnBi$_2$Te$_4$, a two-dimensional magnetic topological insulator with a uniaxial antiferromagnetic structure, is an ideal platform to realize quantum anomalous Hall effect. However, the strength of magnetic interactions is not clear yet. We performed systematic studies on the magnetization and angle dependent magnetotransport of MnBi$_2$Te$_4$ single crystal. The results show that the direction of the magnetic field has significant effects on the critical field values and magnetic structure of this compound, which leads to different magnetotransport behaviors. The field-driven reorientation transitions can be utilized to estimate the AFM interlayer exchange interaction coupling and uniaxial magnetic anisotropy D. The obtained Hamiltonian can well explain the experimental data by Monte Carlo simulations. Our comprehensive studies on the field-driven magnetic transitions phenomenon in MnBi$_2$Te$_4$ provide a general approach for other topological systems with antiferromagnetism.
description: 6 figures
Physically-motivated basis functions for temperature maps of exoplanets
Creators: name: Morris, Brett M.
name: Heng, Kevin
name: Jones, Kathryn
name: Piaulet, Caroline
name: Demory, Brice-Olivier
name: Kitzmann, Daniel
name: Hoeijmakers, H. Jens
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Thermal phase curves of exoplanet atmospheres have revealed temperature maps as a function of planetary longitude, often by sinusoidal decomposition of the phase curve. We construct a framework for describing two-dimensional temperature maps of exoplanets with mathematical basis functions derived for a fluid layer on a rotating, heated sphere with drag/friction, which are generalizations of spherical harmonics. These basis functions naturally produce physically-motivated temperature maps for exoplanets with few free parameters. We investigate best practices for applying this framework to temperature maps of hot Jupiters by splitting the problem into two parts: (1) we constrain the temperature map as a function of latitude by tuning the basis functions to reproduce general circulation model (GCM) outputs, since disk-integrated phase curve observations do not constrain this dimension; and (2) we infer the temperature maps of real hot Jupiters using original reductions of several Spitzer phase curves, which directly constrain the temperature variations with longitude. The resulting phase curves can be described with only three free parameters per bandpass -- an efficiency improvement over the usual five or so used to describe sinusoidal decompositions of phase curves. Upon obtaining the hemispherically averaged dayside and nightside temperatures, the standard approach would be to use zero-dimensional box models to infer the Bond albedo and redistribution efficiency. We elucidate the limitation of these box models by demonstrating that negative Bond albedos may be obtained due to a choice of boundary condition on the nightside temperature. We propose generalized definitions for the Bond albedo and heat redistribution efficiency for use with two-dimensional (2D) temperature maps. Open-source software called kelp is provided to efficiently compute these phase curves.
description: Accepted in A&A
Employment and work safety among 12 to 14 year olds: listening to parents
Creators: name: Usher, Amelia M
name: Breslin, Curtis
name: MacEachen, Ellen
name: Koehoorn, Mieke, 1966-
name: Laberge, Marie
name: Laberge, Luc
name: Ledoux, Élise
name: Wong, Imelda
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2016

description: Background: Survey research indicates that a surprising number of 12 to 14 year olds in North America engage in some form of paid work, and work-related injuries for this age group are reported at rates similar to older teens. Parents exhibit significant involvement in many aspects of their teens’ work and may influence perceptions of work safety, yet few studies have explored this phenomenon from a qualitative perspective with parents of working 12 to 14 year olds. Methods: This paper focuses on parental perceptions and understandings of work safety based on focus groups conducted with urban Canadian parents of young teens who work for pay. Parents discussed the types of job held by their 12 to 14 year olds, the perceived costs and benefits to working at this age, and their understanding of risk and supervision on the job. A grounded theory approach was used to thematically analyze the focus group transcripts. Results: Parents in this study held favourable attitudes towards their 12 to 14 year olds’ working. Parents linked pro-social moral values and skills such as responsibility, work ethic, time management, and financial literacy with their young teen’s employment experience. Risks and drawbacks were generally downplayed or discounted. Perceptions of workplace safety were mitigated by themes of trust, familiarity, sense of being in control and having discretion over their 12 to 14 year olds’ work situation. Further, parental supervision and monitoring fell along a continuum, from full parental responsibility for monitoring to complete trust and delegation of supervision to the workplace. Conclusions: The findings suggest that positive parental attitudes towards working overshadow occupational health and safety concerns. Parents may discount potential hazards based on the presence of certain mitigating factors.
The worldflash of a coming future
Creators: name: Burns, Alex
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: Al Qaeda's September 11 terrorist attacks have generated an uncertain interdependency between the terrorists, government officials, and favourable media coverage. This article provides an analytical overview of journalistic debates about the CNN Effect, risk reportage, and the rise of strategic geography as an explicit, normative mode of reportage. It suggests the US media reaction in the transitional three weeks between the September 11 attacks and US retaliation against Afghanistan's Taliban regime was shaped, in part, by mediated trauma and integration propaganda. What really unfolded after September 11 was not the demise of journalism’s elite but rather the renegotiation of reportage boundaries and shared meanings.
A viscous active shell theory of the cell cortex
Creators: name: da Rocha, Hudson Borja
name: Bleyer, Jérémy
name: Turlier, Hervé
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 74

description: The cell cortex is a thin layer beneath the plasma membrane that gives animal cells mechanical resistance and drives most of their shape changes, from migration, division to multicellular morphogenesis. It is mainly composed of actin filaments, actin binding proteins, and myosin molecular motors. Constantly stirred by myosin motors and under fast renewal, this material may be well described by viscous and contractile active-gel theories. Here, we assume that the cortex is a thin viscous shell with non-negligible curvature and use asymptotic expansions to find the leading-order equations describing its shape dynamics, starting from constitutive equations for an incompressible viscous active gel. Reducing the three-dimensional equations leads to a Koiter-like shell theory, where both resistance to stretching and bending rates are present. Constitutive equations are completed by a kinematical equation describing the evolution of the cortex thickness with turnover. We show that tension and moment resultants depend not only on the shell deformation rate and motor activity but also on the active turnover of the material, which may also exert either contractile or extensile stress. Using the finite-element method, we implement our theory numerically to study two biological examples of drastic cell shape changes: osmotic shocks and cell division. Our work provides a numerical implementation of thin active viscous layers and a generic theoretical framework to develop shell theories for slender active biological structures.
description: 37 pages, 13 figures, 1 appendix
LA VIOLENCIA EN EL SECTOR DE LA SALUD Y EL DAÑO A LA  PERSONA
Creators: name: Antônio de Macena Figueiredo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011

description:  Resumen: Violencia, designa una gran variedad de situaciones. Se trata de un tema que puede ser discutido a partir de diferentes disciplinas, perspectivas e intereses distintos. No se trata de un fenómeno típico del sector de la salud, sino que se manifiesta también dentro de las instituciones, gracias a la falta de adecuación de los servicios prestados, política que produce estructuras injustas  y degradantes, y la mala conducta de sus agentes. Este texto aborda la violencia practicada en el sector de la salud y discute las medidas de salvaguardia relacionadas con los daños a las personas, provenientes de la violación del derecho a la salud, derecho de autonomía individual y restricción de informaciones.         Palabras clave: Violencia. Salud. Autonomía. Restricción de informaciones
Nearly Tight Convergence Bounds for Semi-discrete Entropic Optimal Transport
Creators: name: Delalande, Alex
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We derive nearly tight and non-asymptotic convergence bounds for solutions of entropic semi-discrete optimal transport. These bounds quantify the stability of the dual solutions of the regularized problem (sometimes called Sinkhorn potentials) w.r.t. the regularization parameter, for which we ensure a better than Lipschitz dependence. Such facts may be a first step towards a mathematical justification of annealing or $\varepsilon$-scaling heuristics for the numerical resolution of regularized semi-discrete optimal transport. Our results also entail a non-asymptotic and tight expansion of the difference between the entropic and the unregularized costs.
Laughlin's topological charge pump in an atomic Hall cylinder
Creators: name: Fabre, Aurélien
name: Bouhiron, Jean-Baptiste
name: Satoor, Tanish
name: Lopes, Raphael
name: Nascimbene, Sylvain
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quantum Hall effect occuring in two-dimensional electron gases was first explained by Laughlin, who envisioned a thought experiment that laid the groundwork for our understanding of topological quantum matter. His proposal is based on a quantum Hall cylinder periodically driven by an axial magnetic field, resulting in the quantized motion of electrons. We realize this milestone experiment with an ultracold gas of dysprosium atoms, the cyclic dimension being encoded in the electronic spin and the axial field controlled by the phases of laser-induced spin-orbit couplings. Our experiment provides a straightforward manifestation of the non-trivial topology of quantum Hall insulators, and could be generalized to strongly-correlated topological systems.
description: 10 pages, 10 figures
Dipolar Bose-Hubbard Model in finite-size real-space cylindrical lattices
Creators: name: Hughes, Michael
name: Jaksch, Dieter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent experimental progress in magnetic atoms and polar molecules has created the prospect of simulating dipolar Hubbard models with off-site interactions. When applied to real-space cylindrical optical lattices, these anisotropic dipole-dipole interactions acquire a tunable spatially-dependent component while they remain translationally-invariant in the axial direction, creating a sublattice structure in the azimuthal direction. We numerically study how the coexistence of these classes of interactions affects the ground state of hardcore dipolar bosons at half-filling in a finite-size cylindrical optical lattice with octagonal rings. When these two interaction classes cooperate, we find a solid state where the density order is determined by the azimuthal sublattice structure and builds smoothly as the interaction strength increases. For dipole polarisations where the axial interactions are sufficiently repulsive, the repulsion competes with the sublattice structure, significantly increasing entanglement and creating two distinct ordered density patterns. The spatially-varying interactions cause the emergence of these ordered states in small lattices as a function of interaction strength to be staggered according to the azimuthal sublattices.
description: 14 pages, 10 figures
Replication Materials for Montenovo et al. "DETERMINANTS OF DISPARITIES IN COVID-19 JOB LOSSES" NBER WP w27132
Creators: name: Montenovo, Laura
name: Jiang, Xuan
name: Loranzo Rojas, Felipe
name: Schmutte, Ian M.
name: Simon, Kosali
name: Weinberg, Bruce
name: Wing, Coady
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: COVID-19
labor market

description: Code and data to generate the O*Net occupation measures from "Determinants of Disparities in Covid-19 Job Losses", NBER Working Paper No. 27132.
SMART-plant_IWARR2019_Phosphorus and Ammonia Removal and Recovery through Ion Exchange (IEX) Process at Demonstration Scale
Creators: name: S. Guida
name: G. Rubertell
name: B. Jefferson
name: A. Soares
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: ion exchange;
nutrients
recovery

description: Abstract: The operational performance of a demonstration scale ion exchange process, treating 10 m3
 /day of secondary treated wastewater, was investigated. For the removal of ammonia and phosphorus, a
 synthetic zeolite and hybrid anion exchanger (HAIX) were used, respectively. To ensure the economic
 feasibility of the process, the resins regenerant solutions were re-used and recycled back to the process
 after the nutrients were recovered. After 1.8 years of operation, the synthetic zeolite removed up to
 98% of the initial NH4-N and regenerant reached 689 mg NH4-N/L, after being reused 5 consecutive
 cycles. The recovery of the NH4+ as ammonium sulphate through stripping process was investigated
 (recovery >90%). The HAIX underwent 56 cycles of adsorption and regeneration without any
 significant loss in capacity. The sodium hydroxide used as regenerant reached 490-572 mg PO4-P/L
 after 9 consecutive cycles and the phosphorus was recovered by precipitation as hydroxyapatite.
RRNet: Relational Reasoning Network with Parallel Multi-scale Attention for Salient Object Detection in Optical Remote Sensing Images
Creators: name: Cong, Runmin
name: Zhang, Yumo
name: Fang, Leyuan
name: Li, Jun
name: Zhao, Yao
name: Kwong, Sam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Salient object detection (SOD) for optical remote sensing images (RSIs) aims at locating and extracting visually distinctive objects/regions from the optical RSIs. Despite some saliency models were proposed to solve the intrinsic problem of optical RSIs (such as complex background and scale-variant objects), the accuracy and completeness are still unsatisfactory. To this end, we propose a relational reasoning network with parallel multi-scale attention for SOD in optical RSIs in this paper. The relational reasoning module that integrates the spatial and the channel dimensions is designed to infer the semantic relationship by utilizing high-level encoder features, thereby promoting the generation of more complete detection results. The parallel multi-scale attention module is proposed to effectively restore the detail information and address the scale variation of salient objects by using the low-level features refined by multi-scale attention. Extensive experiments on two datasets demonstrate that our proposed RRNet outperforms the existing state-of-the-art SOD competitors both qualitatively and quantitatively.
description: 11 pages, 9 figures, Accepted by IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing 2021, project: https://rmcong.github.io/proj_RRNet.html
Mode-selective single-photon addition to a multimode quantum field
Creators: name: Roeland, Ganaël
name: Kaali, Srinivasan
name: Rodriguez, Victor Roman
name: Treps, Nicolas
name: Parigi, Valentina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spectro-temporal modes of light can be exploited for the generation of high-dimensional Gaussian quantum states. Such states are at the basis of continuous variable quantum information protocols where they have to support mode-selective non-Gaussian operations. We develop a general framework for single-photon addition on multimode states of light via parametric down conversion processes. We identify the analytical conditions for single-mode and mode-selective photon addition. We show that spectral mode selectivity can be achieved in the Type-II collinear down conversion, while single-mode condition are retrieved for noncollinear Type-I and Type-II processes. Numerical results are shown for photon addition in parametric down conversion process at near-infrared and telecommunications wavelengths.
Superfluidity of a laser-stirred Bose-Einstein condensate
Creators: name: Kiehn, Hannes
name: Singh, Vijay Pal
name: Mathey, Ludwig
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study superfluidity of a cigar-shaped Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) by stirring it with a Gaussian potential oscillating back and forth along the axial dimension of the condensate, motivated by experiments of C. Raman et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. 83, 2502 (1999). Using classical-field simulations and perturbation theory we examine the induced heating rate, based on the total energy of the system, as a function of the stirring velocity $v$. We identify the onset of dissipation by a sharply increasing heating rate above a velocity $v_c$, which we define as the critical velocity. We show that $v_c$ is influenced by the oscillating motion, the strength of the stirrer, the temperature and the inhomogeneous density of the cloud. This results in a vanishing $v_c$ for the parameters similar to the experiments, which is inconsistent with the measurement of nonzero $v_c$. However, if the heating rate is based on the thermal fraction after a 100 ms equilibration time, our simulation recovers the experimental observations. We demonstrate that this discrepancy is due to the slow relaxation of the stirred cloud and dipole mode excitation of the cloud.
description: 14 pages + 11 figures
title: Determinants of Paternal Involvement in Childcare in Dual-Earner Families with Preschool Children
Creators: name: Jacobs, Julie N.
Publisher: name: Old Dominion University
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04zjtrb98
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2004

description: Dual-earner parents (N = 119) of preschool children enrolled in licensed childcare centers completed anonymous questionnaires that examined work and family variables as related to paternal involvement in three areas: engagement (i.e., one-on-one interaction with the child), responsibility (i.e., taking care of the child*s needs), and accessibility (i.e., being available to the child without directly interacting). Fathers' reports of responsibility were predicted by beliefs about fathering and structural variables (i.e., hours worked). Similarly, fathers' beliefs about fathering and efficacy in the parenting role predicted fathers' reports of engagement. Fathers' reports of accessibility were predicted by fathers' perceived competence in parenting and family variables (i.e., mothers' marital satisfaction). The percentage of time fathers reported that they spent as their child's primary caregiver was predicted by structural variables and belief variables (i.e., beliefs about how involved fathers should be in parenting and self-efficacy in the parenting role). In addition, mothers' reports of paternal responsibility and engagement were predicted by structural variables and family variables (i.e., mothers' marital satisfaction). Structural variables predicted mothers' reports of paternal accessibility. Mothers' reports of the percentage of time fathers spent as the child's primary caregiver were predicted by structural variables and family variables (i.e., marital satisfaction).
A Preliminary Study of Muscular Artifact Cancellation in Single-Channel EEG
Creators: name: Chen, Xun
name: Liu, Aiping
name: Peng, Hu
name: Ward, Rabab Kreidieh
Publisher: name: Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Year: 2019

description: Electroencephalogram (EEG) recordings are often contaminated with muscular artifacts that strongly obscure the EEG signals and complicates their analysis. For the conventional case, where the EEG recordings are obtained simultaneously over many EEG channels, there exists a considerable range of methods for removing muscular artifacts. In recent years, there has been an increasing trend to use EEG information in ambulatory healthcare and related physiological signal monitoring systems. For practical reasons, a single EEG channel system must be used in these situations. Unfortunately, there exist few studies for muscular artifact cancellation in single-channel EEG recordings. To address this issue, in this preliminary study, we propose a simple, yet effective, method to achieve the muscular artifact cancellation for the single-channel EEG case. This method is a combination of the ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD) and the joint blind source separation (JBSS) techniques. We also conduct a study that compares and investigates all possible single-channel solutions and demonstrate the performance of these methods using numerical simulations and real-life applications. The proposed method is shown to significantly outperform all other methods. It can successfully remove muscular artifacts without altering the underlying EEG activity. It is thus a promising tool for use in ambulatory healthcare systems.
Classical conformal blocks, Coulomb gas integrals and Richardson-Gaudin models
Creators: name: Piatek, M. R.
name: Nazmitdinov, R. G.
name: Puente, A.
name: Pietrykowski, A. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Virasoro conformal blocks are universal ingredients of correlation functions of two-dimensional conformal field theories (2d CFTs) with Virasoro symmetry. It is acknowledged that in the (classical) limit of large central charge of the Virasoro algebra and large external, and intermediate conformal weights with fixed ratios of these parameters Virasoro blocks exponentiate to functions known as Zamolodchikovs' classical blocks. The latter are special functions which have awesome mathematical and physical applications. Uniformization, monodromy problems, black holes physics, quantum gravity, entanglement, quantum chaos, holography, N=2 gauge theory and quantum integrable systems (QIS) are just some of contexts, where classical Virasoro blocks are in use. In this paper, exploiting known connections between power series and integral representations of (quantum) Virasoro blocks, we propose new finite closed formulae for certain multi-point classical Virasoro blocks on the sphere. Indeed, combining classical limit of Virasoro blocks expansions with a saddle point asymptotics of Dotsenko-Fateev (DF) integrals one can relate classical Virasoro blocks with a critical value of the "Dotsenko-Fateev matrix model action". The latter is the "DF action" evaluated on a solution of saddle point equations which take the form of Bethe equations for certain QIS (Gaudin spin models). A link with integrable models is our main motivation for this research line. ... .
description: 49 pages, several diagrams and tables; conformal to version accepted for publication in JHEP
Archetype of city in the modern city space on the example of Cracow
Creators: name: Mełges, Hubert
name: Mełges, Małgorzata
Publisher: name: Faculty of Architecture, Wrocław University of Technology, Wrocław
Year: 2012
Subjects: archetype of a city, cultural environment, urban and architectural composition

description: ARCHITECTUS; ISSN 1429-7507
The former abbey of Canons Regular of St. Augustine in the context of the city of Żagań
Creators: name: Doroz-Turek, Małgorzata
Publisher: name: Faculty of Architecture, Wrocław University of Technology, Wrocław
Year: 2012
Subjects: abbey of Canons Regular, Żagań, monastery

description: ARCHITECTUS; ISSN 1429-7507
Polychromatic drivers for inertial fusion energy
Creators: name: Zhao, Yao
name: Sheng, Zhengming
name: Cui, Zijian
name: Ren, Lei
name: Zhu, Jianqiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Although tremendous achievements have been made toward inertial confinement fusion, laser plasma instabilities (LPIs) remain to be an inevitable problem for current drive schemes. To mitigate these instabilities, significant efforts have been paid to produce high-power broadband ultraviolet lasers. However, no practical scheme has been demonstrated up to now for efficient triple-frequency conversion of broadband laser. Here we propose the design of polychromatic drivers for the generation of multicolor beams mainly based upon the optical parametric amplification, which can significantly enhance the third-harmonic conversion efficiency. Each polychromatic light has four colors of monochromatic beamlets with a full spectrum width of 3\%, and the beamlet colors of any two adjacent flanges are different. The suppression effects of such polychromatic lights have been investigated via large scale particle-in-cell simulations, which indicate that more than 35\% of the incident energy can be saved from the LPIs compared with monochromatic lasers for the direct-drive scheme, or high-density filled target for the indirect-drive scheme. The proposed polychromatic drivers are based on the matured technologies, and thus may pave the way towards realization of robust and high-efficiency fusion ignition.
Relating logic programs via program maps
Creators: name: Kirschenbaum, Marc
name: Sterling, Leon
name: Jain, Ashish
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: This paper presents a mathematical theory underlying a systematic method for constructing Prolog programs called stepwise enhancement. Stepwise enhancement dictates building a program starting with a skeleton program which constitutes the basic control flow for the problem to be solved, and adding extra computations to the skeleton program by using well-understood programming techniques. Each extra computation can be developed independently, and the separate enhancements combined to produce the final program. While intuition and motivation have focused on Prolog, the methods are applicable to logic programming languages more generally. The central concept in our mathematical theory for stepwise enhancement is that of a program map between two logic programs. Our definition of a program map from an enhancement to its skeleton guarantees the lifting of computations, the essence of the enhancement methodology. In this paper, we give definitions of program map and extensions, show that the definitions preserve the property of computations lifting, give examples of extensions and programming techniques which generate them, and point to directions for future work.
Collapse of Coherent Large Scale Flow in Strongly Turbulent Liquid Metal Convection
Creators: name: Schindler, Felix
name: Eckert, Sven
name: Zürner, Till
name: Schumacher, Jörg
name: Vogt, Tobias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The large-scale flow structure and the turbulent transfer of heat and momentum are directly measured in highly turbulent liquid metal convection experiments for Rayleigh numbers varied between $4 \times 10^5$ and $\leq 5 \times 10^9$ and Prandtl numbers of $0.025~\leq~Pr~\leq ~0.033$. Our measurements are performed in two cylindrical samples of aspect ratios $Γ=$ diameter/height $= 0.5$ and 1 filled with the eutectic alloy GaInSn. The reconstruction of the three-dimensional flow pattern by 17 ultrasound Doppler velocimetry sensors detecting the velocity profiles along their beamlines in different planes reveals a clear breakdown of coherence of the large-scale circulation for $Γ= 0.5$. As a consequence, the scaling laws for heat and momentum transfer inherit a dependence on the aspect ratio. We show that this breakdown of coherence is accompanied with a reduction of the Reynolds number $Re$. The scaling exponent $β$ of the power law $Nu\propto Ra^β$ crosses \FIN{eventually} over from $β=0.221$ to 0.124 when the liquid metal flow at $Γ=0.5$ reaches $Ra\gtrsim 2\times 10^8$ and the coherent large-scale flow is completely collapsed.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures, 1 supplementary with 1 figure and 4 tables, 1 movie
Evaluation of the performance of vegetative buffers for emission reduction of particulate matter from poultry facilities
Creators: name: Adderley, Christopher
name: Christen, Andreas
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: Emissions of particulate matter from poultry facilities can impact local resources, animal and human health, and can be a potential pathway for the transmission of diseases. This report determines the effectiveness of various vegetative buffers layouts as a potential measure reducing particulate matter emissions leaving poultry facilities. Vegetative buffers modify the airflow and filter the air flowing through them, which can enhance the deposition of particulate matter on leaves and ground, and redistribute zones of major deposition. The report summarizes five case studies of poultry facilities in the Lower Fraser Valley, BC, Canada. It demonstrates that appropriate choice of vegetative buffer layout (composition and placement) can affect overall emissions from poultry facilities and hence reduce deposition on neighboring properties. The use of effective buffer layouts allows part of the emitted particulate matter to be intercepted before leaving the property. The simulations predict that the fraction of total PM10 emissions intercepted by the buffer ranges between 0.62 to 4.38%. In relative terms, total deposition on the property can be increased between 10.81% and 29.37% with effective buffer configurations. Deposition on neighboring properties is predicted to be lowered between -­‐2.05 and -­‐7.62%. In conditions where the buffer is placed directly in front of the source fans and wind directing particulate matter directly into the buffer, highest interception was achieved (filter effect). In other cases, buffers disrupt wind patterns modifying air flows and hence affect spatial deposition patterns (deflection effect). Layouts with corner structures were more effective, as were layouts including double rows and full enclosure around the emission sources. Although these simulations show that buffers can be effective to control (reduce) deposition on selected neighboring properties of concern (up to 7.62% reduction), their impact is limited in terms of overall emission reduction to the environment as overall reduction simulated was less than 3.12%.
The [OIII]$\lambda5007$ equivalent width distribution at z $\sim2$: The redshift evolution of the extreme emission line galaxies
Creators: name: Boyett, Kristan N. K.
name: Stark, Daniel P.
name: Bunker, Andrew J.
name: Tang, Mengtao
name: Maseda, Michael V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We determine the [OIII]$\lambda5007$ equivalent width (EW) distribution of $1.700
description: Submitted to MNRAS. 13 pages, 6 figures
Inference in epidemiological agent-based models using ensemble-based data assimilation
Creators: name: Cocucci, Tadeo Javier
name: Pulido, Manuel
name: Aparicio, Juan
name: Ruiz, Juan
name: Simoy, Ignacio
name: Rosa, Santiago
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: To represent the complex individual interactions in the dynamics of disease spread informed by data, the coupling of an epidemiological agent-based model with the ensemble Kalman filter is proposed. The statistical inference of the propagation of a disease by means of ensemble-based data assimilation systems has been studied in previous work. The models used are mostly compartmental models representing the mean field evolution through ordinary differential equations. These techniques allow to monitor the propagation of the infections from data and to estimate several parameters of epidemiological interest. However, there are many important features which are based on the individual interactions that cannot be represented in the mean field equations, such as social network and bubbles, contact tracing, isolating individuals in risk, and social network-based distancing strategies. Agent-based models can describe contact networks at an individual level, including demographic attributes such as age, neighbourhood, household, workplaces, schools, entertainment places, among others. Nevertheless, these models have several unknown parameters which are thus difficult to estimate. In this work, we propose the use of ensemble-based data assimilation techniques to calibrate an agent-based model using daily epidemiological data. This raises the challenge of having to adapt the agent populations to incorporate the information provided by the coarse-grained data. To do this, two stochastic strategies to correct the model predictions are developed. The ensemble Kalman filter with perturbed observations is used for the joint estimation of the state and some key epidemiological parameters. We conduct experiments with an agent based-model designed for COVID-19 and assess the proposed methodology on synthetic data and on COVID-19 daily reports from Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
title: Cameron Mackintosh and the McDonaldization of Musical Theatre Marketing
Creators: name: Lee, Charles Richard Stuart
Publisher: name: Goldsmiths, University of London
Year: 2008

description: The emergence of the megamusical format- stage presentations such as Cats, The Phantom of the Opera, The Lion King and Mamma Mia! that have rapidly developed into globalized products- has not only led to a dramatic escalation in production costs but has also, arguably, resulted in the rapid commodification of the genre. A defining feature of this development has been the increasing centrality of marketing within the overall production process. Marketing strategies and techniques displaying features that reflect the basic principles of George Ritzer's McDonaldization theory superficially seem to have become pre-requisites for producers wishing to achieve high levels of product awareness in an increasingly saturated marketplace. This thesis will consider the ways in which the marketing of the genre has developed since the early 1980s, and will assess the degree to which marketing has been infused with McDonaldized principles. This thesis will also consider the effects that this commodified approach has had on the genre itself, and will attempt to demonstrate that substantial increases in production costs, which are a direct result of the corporatisation of the musical theatre industry, have restricted market entry for independent producers and have, as a result, contributed to the increasingly homogenized quality of musical theatre products.
Characterization of Pedestal Burst Instabilities during I-mode to H-mode Transition in the EAST Tokamak
Creators: name: Zhong, X. M.
name: Zou, X. L.
name: Liu, A. D.
name: Song, Y. T.
name: Zhuang, G.
name: Li, E. Z.
name: Zhang, B.
name: Zhang, J.
name: Zhou, C.
name: Feng, X.
name: Duan, Y. M.
name: Ding, R.
name: Liu, H. Q.
name: Lv, B.
name: Wang, L.
name: Xu, L. Q.
name: Zhang, L.
name: Zhao, Hailin
name: Zhang, Tao
name: Zang, Qing
name: Ding, B. J.
name: Li, M. H.
name: Qin, C. M.
name: Wang, X. J.
name: Zhang, X. J.
name: Team, EAST
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quasi-periodic Pedestal Burst Instabilities (PBIs), featuring alternative turbulence suppression and bursts, have been clearly identified by various edge diagnostics during I-mode to H-mode transition in the EAST Tokamak. The radial distribution of the phase perturbation caused by PBI shows that PBI is localized in the pedestal. Prior to each PBI, a significant increase of density gradient close to the pedestal top can be clearly distinguished, then the turbulence burst is generated, accompanied by the relaxation of the density profile, and then induces an outward particle flux. The relative density perturbation caused by PBIs is about $6 \sim 8\%$. Statistic analyses show that the pedestal normalized density gradient triggering the first PBI has a threshold value, mostly in the range of $22 \sim 24$, suggesting that a PBI triggering instability could be driven by the density gradient. And the pedestal normalized density gradient triggering the last PBI is about $30 \sim 40$ and seems to increase with the loss power and the chord-averaged density. In addition, the frequency of PBI is likely to be inversely proportional to the chord-averaged density and the loss power. These results suggest that PBIs and the density gradient prompt increase prior to PBIs can be considered as the precursor for controlling I-H transition.
Lattice calculation of $χ_{c0} \rightarrow 2γ$ decay width
Creators: name: Zou, Zuoheng
name: Meng, Yu
name: Liu, Chuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform a lattice QCD calculation of the $χ_{c0} \rightarrow 2γ$ decay width using a model-independent method which does not require a momentum extrapolation of the corresponding off-shell form factors. The simulation is performed on ensembles of $N_f=2$ twisted mass lattice QCD gauge configurations with three different lattice spacings. After a continuum extrapolation, the decay width is obtained to be $Γ_{γγ}(χ_{c0})=3.65(83)_{\mathrm{stat}}(21)_{\mathrm{lat.syst}}(66)_{\mathrm{syst}}\, \textrm{keV}$. Albeit this large statistical error, our result is compatible with the experimental results within 1.3$σ$. Potential improvements of the lattice calculation in the future are also discussed.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures
A Rindler Road to Carrollian Worldsheets
Creators: name: Bagchi, Arjun
name: Banerjee, Aritra
name: Chakrabortty, Shankhadeep
name: Chatterjee, Ritankar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The tensionless limit of string theory has recently been formulated in terms of worldsheet Rindler physics. In this paper, by considering closed strings moving in background Rindler spacetimes, we provide a concrete exemplification of this phenomenon. We first show that strings probing the near-horizon region of a generic non-extremal blackhole become tensionless thereby linking a spacetime Carroll limit to a worldsheet Carroll limit. Then, considering strings in $d$-dimensional Rindler spacetime we find a Rindler structure induced on the worldsheet. Novelties, including folds, appear on the closed string worldsheet pertaining to the formation of the worldsheet horizon. The closed string becomes segmented at these folding points and different segments go into the formation of closed strings in the different Rindler wedges. The Bondi-Metzner-Sachs (BMS) or the Conformal Carroll algebra emerges from the closed string Virasoro algebra as the horizon is hit. Quantum states on these accelerated worldsheets are discussed and we show the formation of boundary states from gluing conditions of the different segments of the accelerated closed string.
description: 48 pages, various figures, slightly revised version to appear in JHEP
Ultrafast Laser Ablation, Intrinsic Threshold, and Nanopatterning of Monolayer Molybdenum Disulfide
Creators: name: Solomon, Joel M.
name: Ahmad, Sabeeh Irfan
name: Dave, Arpit
name: Lu, Li-Syuan
name: HadavandMirzaee, Fatemeh
name: Lin, Shih-Chu
name: Chen, Sih-Hua
name: Luo, Chih-Wei
name: Chang, Wen-Hao
name: Her, Tsing-Hua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Laser direct writing is an attractive method for patterning 2D materials without contamination. Literature shows that the femtosecond ablation threshold of graphene across substrates varies by an order of magnitude. Some attribute it to the thermal coupling to the substrates, but it remains by and large an open question. For the first time the effect of substrates on femtosecond ablation of 2D materials is studied using MoS$_{2}$ as an example. We show unambiguously that femtosecond ablation of MoS$_{2}$ is an adiabatic process with negligible heat transfer to the substrates. The observed threshold variation is due to the etalon effect which was not identified before for the laser ablation of 2D materials. Subsequently, an intrinsic ablation threshold is proposed as a true threshold parameter for 2D materials. Additionally, we demonstrate for the first time femtosecond laser patterning of monolayer MoS$_{2}$ with sub-micron resolution and mm/s speed. Moreover, engineered substrates are shown to enhance the ablation efficiency, enabling patterning with low-power femtosecond oscillators. Finally, a zero-thickness approximation is introduced to predict the field enhancement with simple analytical expressions. Our work clarifies the role of substrates on ablation and firmly establishes femtosecond laser ablation as a viable route to pattern 2D materials.
Experimental and computational approaches to study the high temperature thermoelectric properties of novel topological semimetal CoSi
Creators: name: Sk, Shamim
name: Shahi, Nisha
name: Pandey, Sudhir K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Here, we study the thermoelectric properties of topological semimetal CoSi in the temperature range $300-800$ K by using combined experimental and density functional theory (DFT) based methods. CoSi is synthesized using arc melting technique and the Rietveld refinement gives the lattice parameters of a = b = c = 4.445 Å. The measured values of Seebeck coefficient (S) shows the non-monotonic behaviour in the studied temperature range with the value of $\sim-$81 $μ$V/K at room temperature. The $|S|$ first increases till 560 K ($\sim-$93 $μ$V/K) and then decreases up to 800 K ($\sim-$84 $μ$V/K) indicating the dominating n-type behaviour in the full temperature range. The electrical conductivity, $σ$ (thermal conductivity, $κ$) shows the monotonic decreasing (increasing) behaviour with the values of $\sim$5.2$\times 10^{5}$ (12.1 W/m-K) and $\sim$3.6$\times 10^{5}$ (14.2 W/m-K) $Ω^{-1}m^{-1}$ at 300 K and 800 K, respectively. The $κ$ exhibits the temperature dependency as, $κ\propto T^{0.16}$. The DFT based Boltzmann transport theory is used to understand these behaviour. The multi-band electron and hole pockets appear to be mainly responsible for deciding the temperature dependent transport behaviour. Specifically, the decrease in the $|S|$ above 560 K and change in the slope of $σ$ around 450 K are due to the contribution of thermally generated charge carriers from the hole pockets. The temperature dependent relaxation time is computed which shows temperature dependency of $1/T^{0.35}$. Present study suggests that electronic band-structure obtained from DFT provides reasonably good estimate of the transport coefficients of CoSi in the high temperature region of $300-800$ K.