cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Godsil-McKay switching and twisted Grassmann graphs
Creators: name: Munemasa, Akihiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05B25, 05C50, 05E20, 05E30

description: We show that the twisted Grassmann graphs introduced by Van Dam and Koolen are obtained by Godsil-McKay switching applied to the Grassmann graphs. The partition for the switching is constructed by a polarity of a hyperplane.
description: 7 pages, minor revision
title: Hand-held ultrasonography device: Is really a good tool for chest physicians?
Creators: name: Sener Comert, Sevda
Publisher: name: European Society of Thoracic Imaging
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Pathology
subject: Observer performance
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Thorax
subject: Lung

description: Objectives Materials and Methods Results Conclusions
description: Objectives: The ultrasonography which has been in the service of the medicine for more than fifty years, could not find too much field of practice in the pulmonary diseases area until recent years. Despite the disadvantages such as forming a barrier to the...
A $N$-branching random walk with random selection
Creators: name: Cortines, Aser
name: Mallein, Bastien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60J80, 60K35

description: We consider an exactly solvable model of branching random walk with random selection, which describes the evolution of a population with $N$ individuals on the real line. At each time step, every individual reproduces independently, and its offspring are positioned around its current locations. Among all children, $N$ individuals are sampled at random without replacement to form the next generation, such that an individual at position $x$ is chosen with probability proportional to $\mathrm{e}^{βx}$. We compute the asymptotic speed and the genealogical behavior of the system.
Positive tensor products of qubit maps and n-tensor-stable positive qubit maps
Creators: name: Filippov, Sergey N.
name: Magadov, Kamil Yu.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 15A48, 47B65, 47N50

description: We analyze positivity of a tensor product of two linear qubit maps, $Φ_1 \otimes Φ_2$. Positivity of maps $Φ_1$ and $Φ_2$ is a necessary but not a sufficient condition for positivity of $Φ_1 \otimes Φ_2$. We find a non-trivial sufficient condition for positivity of the tensor product map beyond the cases when both $Φ_1$ and $Φ_2$ are completely positive or completely co-positive. We find necessary and (separately) sufficient conditions for $n$-tensor-stable positive qubit maps, i.e. such qubit maps $Φ$ that $Φ^{\otimes n}$ is positive. Particular cases of 2- and 3-tensor-stable positive qubit maps are fully characterized, and the decomposability of 2-tensor-stable positive qubit maps is discussed. The case of non-unital maps is reduced to the case of appropriate unital maps. Finally, $n$-tensor-stable positive maps are used in characterization of multipartite entanglement, namely, in the entanglement depth detection.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures. Section on entanglement witnessing is added
title: Artifacts on chest radiographs: pictorial review
Creators: name: Shah, Sweni
Publisher: name: European Society of Thoracic Imaging
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Lung
subject: Soft tissues / Skin
subject: Thorax
subject: Conventional radiography
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Education
subject: Equipment
subject: Foreign bodies
subject: Artifacts

description: Objectives Materials and Methods Results Conclusions
description: Objectives: The purpose of this poster presentation is to highlight the artifacts seen on chest radiographs and the potential problems that may...
Single electron multiplication distribution in GEM avalanches
Creators: name: Laszlo, Andras
name: Hamar, Gergo
name: Kiss, Gabor
name: Varga, Dezso
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, measurement results and experimental methodology are presented on the determination of multiplication distributions of avalanches initiated by single electron in GEM foils. The measurement relies on the amplification of photoelectrons by the GEM under study, which is subsequently amplified in an MWPC for signal enhancement and readout. The intrinsic detector resolution, namely the sigma-over-mean ratio of the multiplication. distribution is also elaborated. Small gain dependence of the shape of the avalanche response distribution is observed in the range of net effective gain of 15 to 100. The distribution has an exponentially decaying tail at large amplitudes. At small amplitudes, the applied working gas is seen to have a well visible effect on the shape of the multiplication distribution. Equivalently, the working gas has an influence on the intrinsic detector resolution of GEMs via suppression of the low amplitude responses. A sigma-over-mean ratio of 0.75 was reached using a neon based mixture, whereas other gases provided an intrinsic detector resolution closer to 1, meaning a multiplication distribution closer to the low-field limit exponential case.
description: 27 pages, 18 figures
Teschner, Klaus (Hrsg.): Die Botschaft von der freien Gnade
Creators: name: Stoll, Claus-Dieter
Publisher: name: Jahrbuch für evangelikale Theologie
Year: 2025

description: 1823035442
description: Jahrbuch für evangelikale Theologie, V. 5 (1991): Jahrbuch für evangelikale Theologie, Band 5
title: Chronic eosinophilic pneumonia after radiation therapy for breast cancer
Creators: name: Argentieri, Gianluca
Publisher: name: European Society of Thoracic Imaging
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Lung
subject: Breast
subject: Oncology
subject: CT-High Resolution
subject: Gamma knife
subject: Radiation therapy / Oncology
subject: Drugs / Reactions
subject: Inflammation
subject: Neoplasia

description: Objectives Materials and Methods Results Conclusions
description: Objectives: To show and confirm the hypothesis that chronic eosinophilic pneumonia (CEP) may occur after breast cancer radiation therapy (RT) and that this could be misdiagnosed as organising pneumonia (OP)due to similar clinical presentation. D espite several...
Long-range Response in AC Electricity Grids
Creators: name: Jung, Daniel
name: Kettemann, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Local changes in the topology of electricity grids can cause overloads far away from the disturbance, making the prediction of the robustness against changes in the topology - for example caused by power outages or grid extensions - a challenging task. The impact of single-line additions on the long-range response of DC electricity grids has recently been studied. By solving the real part of the static AC load flow equations, we conduct a similar investigation for AC grids. In a regular 2D grid graph with cyclic boundary conditions, we find a power law decay for the change of power flow as a function of distance to the disturbance over a wide range of distances. The power exponent increases and saturates for large system sizes. By applying the same analysis to the German transmission grid topology, we show that also in real-world topologies a long-ranged response can be found.
description: 12 pages, 16 figures, submitted to PRE
title: Radiological features of Legionella Pneumophila Pneumonia
Creators: name: Vinciguerra, Marta
Publisher: name: European Society of Thoracic Imaging
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Lung
subject: CT-High Resolution
subject: Conventional radiography
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Acute
subject: Infection

description: Objectives Materials and Methods Results Conclusions
description: Objectives: The aim of this study is to describe radiological and CT findings of Legionella Pneumophila pneumonia. Asintracellular agents, legionella pneumophilas are phagocytized by macrophages, in which they multiply, produce many proteins toxic tothe host...
Reconstructing WIMP properties through an interplay of signal measurements in direct detection, Fermi-LAT, and CTA searches for dark matter
Creators: name: Roszkowski, Leszek
name: Sessolo, Enrico Maria
name: Trojanowski, Sebastian
name: Williams, Andrew J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the projected ability to reconstruct the mass, scattering, and annihilation cross section of dark matter in the new generation of large underground detectors, XENON-1T, SuperCDMS, and DarkSide-G2, in combination with diffuse gamma radiation from expected 15 years of data from Fermi-LAT observation of 46 local spiral dwarf galaxies and projected CTA sensitivity to a signal from the Galactic Center. To this end we consider several benchmark points spanning a wide range of WIMP mass, different annihilation final states, and large enough event rates to warrant detection in one or more experiments. As previously shown, below some 100 GeV only direct detection experiments will in principle be able to reconstruct the WIMP mass well. This may, in case a signal at Fermi-LAT is also detected, additionally help restricting σv and the allowed decay branching rates. In the intermediate range between some 100 GeV and up a few hundred GeV, direct and indirect detection experiments can be used in complementarity to ameliorate the respective determinations, which in individual experiments can at best be rather poor, thus making the WIMP reconstruction in this mass range very challenging. At large WIMP mass, ~1 TeV, CTA will have the ability to reconstruct mass, annihilation cross section, and the allowed decay branching rates to very good precision for the $τ^+τ^-$ or purely leptonic final state, good for the $W^+W^-$ case, and rather poor for $b\bar{b}$. A substantial improvement can potentially be achieved by reducing the systematic uncertainties, increasing exposure, or by an additional measurement at Fermi-LAT that would help reconstruct the annihilation cross section and the allowed branching fractions to different final states.
description: 29 pages, 14 figures. References added, minor corrections. Published version
title: The Fleischner Society's recommendations for the follow up of CT detected pulmonary nodules: A program to optimize their implementation.
Creators: name: Borgaonkar, Joy
Publisher: name: European Society of Thoracic Imaging
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Neoplasia
subject: Outcomes analysis
subject: Medico-legal issues
subject: Audit and standards
subject: CT
subject: Professional issues
subject: Management
subject: Lung

description: Objectives Materials and Methods Results Conclusions
description: Objectives: Lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer death in Canada. When found at an early stage, it can often be completely cured. In 2005 the Fleischner Society published recommendations for the follow up of CT detected pulmonary nodules (Table 1)....
Marquardt, Horst und Parzany, Ulrich (Hrsg.): Evangelisation mit Leidenschaft
Creators: name: Stoll, Claus-Dieter
Publisher: name: Jahrbuch für evangelikale Theologie
Year: 2025

description: 1823033652
description: Jahrbuch für evangelikale Theologie, V. 5 (1991): Jahrbuch für evangelikale Theologie, Band 5
Value of Children (VOC) and Parental Well-being
Creators: name: Tran, Chau
name: Stavrova, Olga
name: Ivanova, Katya
name: Reitz, Anne
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Family, Life Course, and Society
subject: Developmental Psychology
subject: Social Psychology
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: The Value of Children (VOC) framework posits that fertility decisions are rooted in the perceived value of children to prospective parents, namely, the perceived costs and rewards associated with having children (Liefbroer, 2005). Researchers have employed VOC to study the motivation underlying parenthood transition, and further expand on the topic by exploring specific type of cost and reward that contribute to fertility intentions. However, this research has been largely constrained to exploring VOC’s effect on fertility intentions, e.g., number of desired children (Miller & Pasta, 1993), using cross-sectional data (Bulatao, 1981), with only a few studies investigating the impact of VOC on actual fertility outcomes using longitudinal data (e.g., Liefbroer, 2005). Furthermore, in addition to predicting fertility behavior (i.e., transition into parenthood), VOC may also shape the psychological well-being trajectory of those who become parents, a topic not yet explored in the current literature. Hence, this project aims to contribute to and extend the current literature by examining the following research questions: Research Question 1: Do perceived cost and reward associated with having children predict transition into parenthood (i.e., becoming a parent)? Research Question 2: How do perceived cost and reward associated with having children prior to the parenthood transition affect parental well-being outcomes (measured by pleasure in the parenting role and satisfaction with the family domain)?
title: Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma: a Pictorial Review
Creators: name: Kim, Jeung Sook
Publisher: name: European Society of Thoracic Imaging
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Thorax
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: PET-CT
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: Neoplasia
subject: Occupational / Environmental hazards

description: Objectives Body Conclusions
description: Objectives: Introduction v Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) m/c primary neoplasm of the pleura: 5% Relation with asbestos exposure 50-90 % of MPM have a history of exposure to asbestos only 10 % of asbestos exposures develop into MPM latency period: 35 ~ 40...
Kuhlmann, Gerhard: Das helfende Wort
Creators: name: Stoll, Claus-Dieter
Publisher: name: Jahrbuch für evangelikale Theologie
Year: 2025

description: 1823032915
description: Jahrbuch für evangelikale Theologie, V. 5 (1991): Jahrbuch für evangelikale Theologie, Band 5
Propagation of heavy baryons in heavy-ion collisions
Creators: name: Das, Santosh K.
name: Torres-Rincon, Juan M.
name: Tolos, Laura
name: Minissale, Vincenzo
name: Scardina, Francesco
name: Greco, Vincenzo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The drag and diffusion coefficients of heavy baryons ($Λ_c$ and $Λ_b$) in the hadronic phase created in the latter stage of the heavy-ion collisions at RHIC and LHC energies have been evaluated recently. In this work we compute some experimental observables, such as the nuclear suppression factor $R_{AA}$ and the elliptic flow $v_2$ of heavy baryons at RHIC and LHC energies, highlighting the role of the hadronic phase contribution to these observables, which are going to be measured at Run 3 of LHC. For the time evolution of the heavy quarks in the QGP and heavy baryons in the hadronic phase we use the Langevin dynamics. For the hadronization of the heavy quarks to heavy baryons we employ Peterson fragmentation functions. We observe a strong suppression of both the $Λ_c$ and $Λ_b$. We find that the hadronic medium has a sizable impact on the heavy-baryon elliptic flow whereas the impact of hadronic medium rescattering is almost unnoticeable on the nuclear suppression factor. We evaluate the $Λ_c/D$ ratio at RHIC and LHC. We find that $Λ_c/D$ ratio remain unaffected due to the hadronic phase rescattering which enable it as a nobel probe of QGP phase dynamics along with its hadronization.
description: 22 pages, 15 figures
title: Pictorial essay of chest wall tumors without calcification nor fat.
Creators: name: Paik, Sang Hyun
Publisher: name: European Society of Thoracic Imaging
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Thorax
subject: CT
subject: Computer Applications-Detection, diagnosis
subject: Neoplasia
subject: Inflammation

description: Objectives Body Conclusions
description: Objectives: Introduntion Tumors and tumor-like lesions of the chest wall - Uncommon and Variable histological origin CT imaging is helpful for diagnosis - Defining the location and extent of the tumor - Identifying tumor tissues and types - Some characteristic...
Imaging of Iso-frequency Contours via Resonance-Enhanced Scattering in Near-Pristine Photonic Crystals
Creators: name: Regan, Emma C.
name: Igarashi, Yuichi
name: Zhen, Bo
name: Kaminer, Ido
name: Hsu, Chia Wei
name: Shen, Yichen
name: Joannopoulos, John D.
name: Soljacic, Marin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The iso-frequency contours of a photonic crystal are important for predicting and understanding exotic optical phenomena that are not apparent from high-symmetry band structure visualizations. Here, we demonstrate a method to directly visualize the iso-frequency contours of high-quality photonic crystal slabs that shows quantitatively good agreement with numerical results throughout the visible spectrum. Our technique relies on resonance-enhanced photon scattering from generic fabrication disorder and surface roughness, so it can be applied to general photonic and plasmonic crystals, or even quasi-crystals. We also present an analytical model of the scattering process, which explains the observation of iso-frequency contours in our technique. Furthermore, the iso-frequency contours provide information about the characteristics of the disorder and therefore serve as a feedback tool to improve fabrication processes.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
Efficacy and safety of preoperative transarterial chemoembolization for hepatocellular carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Mi, Shizheng
name: Nie, Yang
name: Xie, Changming
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: Medicine
Cancer
Science Policy

description: The aim of the study was to compare preoperative transcatheter arterial chemotherapy (TACE) plus liver resection (LR) with liver resection (LR) alone for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). PubMed, Embase, Cochrane library, web of science and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) were searched from their initiation until 24 August 2021. Eligible languages were English and Chinese. This study includes only RCT and cohort studies. The primary outcome was the prognostic factors including overall survival rate (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), recurrence-free survival (RFS), and we also research the operative time, intraoperative blood loss, and postoperative complication. Twenty-nine trials (2 RCTs and 27 cohorts) were included, containing a total of 22023 patients, compared with hepatic resection, preoperative TACE plus LR shows the benefit of RFS (Hazard Ratio (HR)=0.80, 95%CI = [0.73–0.88], p < .001), and the combined therapy was associated with a higher OS for patients with HCC in Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) B stage (HR = 0.76, 95%CI = [0.60–0.96], p = .024). In terms of safety, combination therapy is related to less intraoperative blood loss (Weighted Mean Difference (WMD)=-11.17, 95%CI = [-21.79 to −0.54], p = .039); and there’s no statistical significance in postoperative complication (Risk Ratio (RR)=0.99, 95%CI= [0.90–1.08], p = 0.771) and operative time (WMD = 7.57, 95%CI = [-5.07 to 20.20], p = .240). TACE prior to surgery should be recommended as a routine treatment for HCC patients, especially BCLC B stage HCC, in view of its benefits for RFS and OS. Large, multicenter, and blinded randomized trials should be performed to confirm these findings.
title: CT Protocols in Interstitial Lung Diseases - A Survey Among Members of the European Society of Thoracic Imaging
Creators: name: Prosch, Helmut
Publisher: name: European Society of Thoracic Imaging
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Lung
subject: CT-High Resolution
subject: CT
subject: Technical aspects
subject: Tissue characterisation

description: Objectives Materials and Methods Results Conclusions
description: Objectives: Most of the publications dealing with CT protocols for the evaluation of diffuse lung diseases are in the form of a pictorial essay or case based description, only a limited number of studies refer to a structured comparison of various techniques...
Hepatocellular carcinoma in Stockholm, Sweden 2003–2018: a population-based cohort study
Creators: name: Norén, Sanna
name: Bengtsson, Bonnie
name: Hagström, Hannes
name: Ljunggren, Gunnar
name: Wahlin, Staffan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Available epidemiological data on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) originate mainly from centre-based or disease-specific cohorts and may not reflect the general population. This population-based register study presents the incidence, aetiologies, treatments, survival, and differences related to sex or socioeconomic status in patients with HCC from Stockholm, which constitutes more than a fifth of the Swedish population. ICD-10 codes identified incident HCC cases in the regional administrative health care database 2003–2018. Administrative coding on diseases, socioeconomic status, and dispensed drugs were used to identify risk factors and therapies. Two validation analyses 2014–2015 studied the correctness of register-based aetiologies and reasons for providing only best supportive care (BSC). We identified 2,245 incident cases of HCC. The incidence increased from 6 to 7.5 per 100,000 inhabitants over the time-period. The most common aetiologies were hepatitis C (26%), non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (22%), and alcohol-related liver disease (19%). Five-year survival probability was 79% after liver transplantation, 60% after resection, and 35% after ablation but <10% for chemoembolization, Sorafenib, and BSC. The proportion receiving any treatment increased but half of the patients only received BSC. At least 14% of potentially treatable HCC (surveillance indicated but not performed) received only BSC 2014–2015. We found no significant differences in treatments or outcomes between socioeconomic groups. The incidence of HCC is rising in Stockholm, Sweden but is still low by global comparison. Near half of all patients still receive only BSC and study data suggest that surveillance practices are incomplete.
Parity-time symmetry breaking in magnetic systems
Creators: name: Galda, Alexey
name: Vinokur, Valerii M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The understanding of out-of-equilibrium physics, especially dynamic instabilities and dynamic phase transitions, is one of the major challenges of contemporary science, spanning the broadest wealth of research areas that range from quantum optics to living organisms. Focusing on nonequilibrium dynamics of an open dissipative spin system, we introduce a non-Hermitian Hamiltonian approach, in which non-Hermiticity reflects dissipation and deviation from equilibrium. The imaginary part of the proposed spin Hamiltonian describes the effects of Gilbert damping and applied Slonczewski spin-transfer torque. In the classical limit, our approach reproduces Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert-Slonczewski dynamics of a large macrospin. We reveal the spin-transfer torque-driven parity-time symmetry-breaking phase transition corresponding to a transition from precessional to exponentially damped spin dynamics. Micromagnetic simulations for nanoscale ferromagnetic disks demonstrate the predicted effect. Our findings can pave the way to a general quantitative description of out-of-equilibrium phase transitions driven by spontaneous parity-time symmetry breaking.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
Graphene with vacancies: supernumerary zero modes
Creators: name: Weik, Norman
name: Schindler, Johannes
name: Bera, Soumya
name: Solomon, Gemma C.
name: Evers, Ferdinand
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The density of states, $\varrho(E)$, of graphene is investigated within the tight binding (Hückel) approximation in the presence of vacancies. They induce a non-vanishing density of zero modes, $n_\text{zm}$, that act as midgap states: $\varrho(E)=n_\text{zm}δ(E) + \text{smooth}$. As is well known, the actual number of zero modes per sample can in principle exceed the sublattice imbalance: $N_\text{zm}\geq |N_\text{A}-N_\text{B}|$, where $N_\text{A}$, $N_\text{B}$ denote the number of carbon atoms in each sublattice. In this work, we establish a stronger relation that is valid in the thermodynamic limit and that involves the concentration of zero-modes: $n_\text{zm}>|c_\text{A}-c_\text{B}|$, where $c_\text{A}$ and $c_\text{B}$ denote the concentration of vacancies per sublattice; in particular, $n_\text{zm}$ is non-vanishing even in the case of balanced disorder, $N_\text{A}/N_\text{B}=1$. Adopting terminology from benzoid graph theory, the excess modes associated with the current carrying backbone (percolation cluster) are called supernumerary. In the simplest cases such modes can be associated with structural elements of internal boundaries like dangling bonds. Our result suggest that the continuum limit of bipartite hopping models supports nontrivial "supernumerary" terms that escape the present continuum descriptions.
description: Final version with journal reference
Computability and Analysis, a Historical Approach
Creators: name: Brattka, Vasco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The history of computability theory and and the history of analysis are surprisingly intertwined since the beginning of the twentieth century. For one, Émil Borel discussed his ideas on computable real number functions in his introduction to measure theory. On the other hand, Alan Turing had computable real numbers in mind when he introduced his now famous machine model. Here we want to focus on a particular aspect of computability and analysis, namely on computability properties of theorems from analysis. This is a topic that emerged already in early work of Turing, Specker and other pioneers of computable analysis and eventually leads us to the very recent project of classifying the computational content of theorems in the Weihrauch lattice.
description: 12 pages
Fatigue is a systemic extraintestinal disease manifestation largely independent of disease activity, chronicity, and nutritional deficiencies in inflammatory bowel disease on biologics
Creators: name: Christensen, Katrine Risager
name: Ainsworth, Mark Andrew
name: Steenholdt, Casper
name: Buhl, Sine
name: Skougaard, Marie
name: Brynskov, Jørn
name: Jørgensen, Tanja Schjødt
name: Kristensen, Lars Erik
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Fatigue is a common symptom reported by patients with chronic immunoinflammatory diseases and with profound negative implications on health-related quality of life. This study aimed to delineate underlying components contributing to fatigue in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) receiving biologic therapy. Cross-sectional questionnaire study of all patients with IBD receiving any biologic therapy at a tertiary IBD center. Fatigue was assessed by Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy–Fatigue (FACIT-F). Disease activity and quality of life were evaluated by generic questionnaires. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to identify components of variables explaining fatigue. Three hundred patients with IBD were included. Moderate-to-severe fatigue defined as FACIT-F ≤ 39 was present in half of the included patients. PCA condensed variables associated with fatigue into three main components contributing to 49% of observed fatigue. The first component, explaining 21% of fatigue, included factors related to disease chronicity, e.g., long disease duration, high number of previously used biologic therapies, presence of previous intestinal surgery, and increasing age. The second component explained 14% of fatigue and comprised disease activity-related aspects, e.g., disease activity indices and C-reactive protein. The third explained 14% of fatigue and comprised various nutritional deficiencies. Fatigue can partly be explained by chronicity, disease activity, and nutritional deficits. However, the cause of fatigue is unexplained in approximately half of the patients with IBD supporting that fatigue can be an independent, systemic extraintestinal disease manifestation in IBD.
Low patient engagement is associated with reduced health-related quality of life in adults with cyclic vomiting syndrome
Creators: name: Dang-Vu, Geoffrey
name: Rein, Lisa
name: Szabo, Aniko
name: Venkatesan, Thangam
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Patient engagement, adaptation and self-management play a critical role in improving Health Related Quality of Life (HRQOL) and reducing health care utilization in chronic disorders. There is no data on the level of patient engagement in patients with cyclic vomiting syndrome (CVS); we thus sought to determine their level of engagement and its association with clinical covariates. The Patient Activation Measure (PAM-13), a validated tool that measures the degree of patient engagement in their health was administered prospectively to patients with CVS. Data on demographics, health care utilization, and HRQOL (using the NIH PROMIS 10) were obtained. Patients were stratified into low engagement (PAM 1 & 2) and high engagement (PAM 3 & 4). The Fisher’s exact test and Wilcoxon rank-sum tests were used to identifying significant differences between the groups. Of 96 patients, 45% of patients had low levels of patient engagement. On multivariate analysis, low patient engagement was significantly associated with an increased number of CVS hospitalizations in the past year (aOR 1.26 [1.07, 1.54] p = .010), lower mental HRQOL scores (aOR 0.88 [0.78, 0.97] p = .022), current tobacco use (aOR 4.85 [1.24, 22.74] p = .031), and patients who were newly established in a specialized CVS clinic (aOR 44.40 [5.38, 70.02] p = .002). Almost half of CVS patients demonstrate poor patient engagement, which is associated with poor outcomes. Identifying these patients and treatment in a specialized CVS center can potentially improve HRQOL, reduce health care utilization and improve overall healthcare outcomes.
Measurement-based generation of shaped single photons and coherent state superpositions in optical cavities
Creators: name: Lecamwasam, Ruvindha L
name: Hush, Michael R
name: James, Matthew R
name: Carvalho, Andre R. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose related schemes to generate arbitrarily shaped single photons, i.e. photons with an arbitrary temporal profile, and coherent state superpositions using simple optical elements. The first system consists of two coupled cavities, a memory cavity and a shutter cavity, containing a second order optical nonlinearity and electro-optic modulator (EOM) respectively. Photodetection events of the shutter cavity output herald preparation of a single photon in the memory cavity, which may be stored by immediately changing the optical length of the shutter cavity with the EOM after detection. On-demand readout of the photon, with arbitrary shaping, can be achieved through modulation of the EOM. The second scheme consists of a memory cavity with two outputs which are interfered, phase shifted, and measured. States that closely approximate a coherent state superposition can be produced through postselection for sequences of detection events, with more photon detection events leading to a larger superposition. We furthermore demonstrate that `No-Knowledge Feedback' can be easily implemented in this system and used to preserve the superposition state, as well as provide an extra control mechanism for state generation.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures
title: CT findings of influenza A (H1N1) pneumonia in adults and prognostic correlation
Creators: name: Laspas, Fotios
Publisher: name: European Society of Thoracic Imaging
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Thorax
subject: CT
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Infection

description: Objectives Materials and Methods Results Conclusions
description: Objectives: In 2009, cases of influenzalike illness were first reported in Mexico [1]; the outbreak was subsequently confirmed as H1N1 influenza A [2]. Although most patients have mild symptoms and those with severe symptoms mostly had an underlying...
Rescaling of spatio-temporal sensing in eukaryotic chemotaxis
Creators: name: Kamino, Keita
name: Kondo, Yohei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cell Behavior (q-bio.CB)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Eukaryotic cells respond to a chemoattractant gradient by forming intracellular gradients of signaling molecules that reflect the extracellular chemical gradient - an ability called directional sensing. Quantitative experiments have revealed two characteristic input-output relations of the system: First, in a static chemoattractant gradient, the shapes of the intracellular gradients of the signaling molecules are determined by the relative steepness, rather than the absolute concentration, of the chemoattractant gradient along the cell body. Second, upon a spatially homogeneous temporal increase in the input stimulus, the intracellular signaling molecules are transiently activated such that the response magnitudes are dependent on fold changes of the stimulus, not on absolute levels. However, the underlying mechanism that endows the system with these response properties remains elusive. Here, by adopting a widely used modeling framework of directional sensing, local excitation and global inhibition (LEGI), we propose a hypothesis that the two rescaling behaviors stem from a single design principle, namely, invariance of the governing equations to a scale transformation of the input level. Analyses of the LEGI-based model reveal that the invariance can be divided into two parts, each of which is responsible for the respective response properties. Our hypothesis leads to an experimentally testable prediction that a system with the invariance detects relative steepness even in dynamic gradient stimuli as well as in static gradients. Furthermore, we show that the relation between the response properties and the scale invariance is general in that it can be implemented by models with different network topologies.
title: Lung neovascularity : a new CT sign in evalutation of grading of pulmonary arterial hypertension. Preliminary study of 198 patients.
Creators: name: Attinà, Domenico
Publisher: name: European Society of Thoracic Imaging
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Hypertension
subject: Observer performance
subject: CT-High Resolution
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: Thorax
subject: Pulmonary vessels

description: Objectives Materials and Methods Results Conclusions
description: Objectives: To assess if lung neovascularity (N) (Sheehan vessels)(Fig 1,2,3) is a CT sign that can identify the severity of pulmonary hypertension (PH) in patients with PH associated with congenital heart defects (PH-CHD) and idiopathic pulmonary arterial...
Out of sight for the endoscopist? Gastrointestinal bleeding after aortic repair
Creators: name: Busch, Markus
name: Stahl, Klaus
name: Fuge, Jan
name: Schrimpf, Claudia
name: RIttgerodt, Nina
name: Greer, Mark
name: Mederacke, Young-Seon
name: Haverich, Axel
name: Wedemeyer, Heiner
name: Heidrich, Benjamin
name: Schneider, Andrea
name: Lenzen, Henrike
name: Mederacke, Ingmar
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Secondary Aortoenteric Fistulas (sAEF) are difficult to diagnose and usually result in fatal gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding following aortic repair. Outcomes are largely dependent on a timely diagnosis, but AEFs remain challenging to identify endoscopically and are usually diagnosed on computed tomography (CT) scans. The aim of our study was optimize diagnosis of AEF by identifying patients developing GI bleeding after aortic repair, investigate their clinical course and identify factors specific to different bleeding sources. A retrospective, single-center study capturing all patients developing upper or lower GI bleeding after aortic surgery between January 2009 and March 2020 was performed. Electronic health records were screened for diagnostic codes of the relevant procedures. Bleeding was classified into three groups: AEF with demonstrable fistula, ischemic – macroscopic ulceration plus histological confirmation or imaging and “other” due to other recognized conventional cause, such as peptic ulcer disease. 47 GI bleeding episodes in 39 patients were identified. Of these, 10 episodes (21%) were caused by AEF, 16 (34%) by ischemic ulceration and 21 (45%) due to other causes. Patients with AEF exhibited more frequent hemodynamic instability requiring vasopressors and had higher mortality, while ischemic ulcerations were associated with more recent operation or hypotensive episode. GI bleeding complications are uncommon following aortic surgery. AEF and ischemic ulceration are however frequent bleeding causes in this cohort. In patients presenting with fulminant bleeding, primary CT-scanning should be considered.
Exploring the spectroscopic diversity of type Ia supernovae with DRACULA: a machine learning approach
Creators: name: Sasdelli, Michele
name: Ishida, E. E. O.
name: Vilalta, R.
name: Aguena, M.
name: Busti, V. C.
name: Camacho, H.
name: Trindade, A. M. M.
name: Gieseke, F.
name: de Souza, R. S.
name: Fantaye, Y. T.
name: Mazzali, P. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The existence of multiple subclasses of type Ia supernovae (SNeIa) has been the subject of great debate in the last decade. One major challenge inevitably met when trying to infer the existence of one or more subclasses is the time consuming, and subjective, process of subclass definition. In this work, we show how machine learning tools facilitate identification of subtypes of SNeIa through the establishment of a hierarchical group structure in the continuous space of spectral diversity formed by these objects. Using Deep Learning, we were capable of performing such identification in a 4 dimensional feature space (+1 for time evolution), while the standard Principal Component Analysis barely achieves similar results using 15 principal components. This is evidence that the progenitor system and the explosion mechanism can be described by a small number of initial physical parameters. As a proof of concept, we show that our results are in close agreement with a previously suggested classification scheme and that our proposed method can grasp the main spectral features behind the definition of such subtypes. This allows the confirmation of the velocity of lines as a first order effect in the determination of SNIa subtypes, followed by 91bg-like events. Given the expected data deluge in the forthcoming years, our proposed approach is essential to allow a quick and statistically coherent identification of SNeIa subtypes (and outliers). All tools used in this work were made publicly available in the Python package Dimensionality Reduction And Clustering for Unsupervised Learning in Astronomy (DRACULA) and can be found within COINtoolbox (https://github.com/COINtoolbox/DRACULA).
description: 16 pages, 12 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Full two-photon downconversion of just a single photon
Creators: name: Sánchez-Burillo, E.
name: Martín-Moreno, L.
name: García-Ripoll, J. J.
name: Zueco, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate, both numerically and analytically, that it is possible to generate two photons from one and only one photon. We characterize the output two photon field and make our calculations close to reality by including losses. Our proposal relies on real or artificial three-level atoms with a cyclic transition strongly coupled to a one-dimensional waveguide. We show that close to perfect downconversion with efficiency over 99% is reachable using state-of-the-art Waveguide QED architectures such as photonic crystals or superconducting circuits. In particular, we sketch an implementation in circuit QED, where the three level atom is a transmon.
title: Variation in The Lingular Arteries
Creators: name: Kang, Tae Kyung
Publisher: name: European Society of Thoracic Imaging
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Anatomy
subject: Pulmonary vessels
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: Computer Applications-General
subject: Blood

description: Objectives Materials and Methods Results Conclusions
description: Objectives: The intrapulmonary arteries are nomiated according to the accompanying bronchi.There is, however, much greater variation in the origins of both lobar and segmental pulmonary arteries, compared with the bronchi. In the left lung, left pulmonary...
title: The role of MDCT in the detection and characterisation of hypervascular mediastinal lesions.
Creators: name: SOTIRIADI, ATHANASIA
Publisher: name: European Society of Thoracic Imaging
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mediastinum
subject: CT
subject: Computer Applications-3D
subject: Neoplasia

description: Objectives Materials and Methods Results Conclusions
description: Objectives: The aim of this poster is to underline the imaging characteristics of hypervascular mediastinal masses. These lesions belong to a heterogeneous group with a broad age range. Among them, primary neuroendocrine tumors, vascular malformations, and...
Analysis Framework for the Prompt Discovery of Compact Binary Mergers in Gravitational-wave Data
Creators: name: Messick, Cody
name: Blackburn, Kent
name: Brady, Patrick
name: Brockill, Patrick
name: Cannon, Kipp
name: Cariou, Romain
name: Caudill, Sarah
name: Chamberlin, Sydney J.
name: Creighton, Jolien D. E.
name: Everett, Ryan
name: Hanna, Chad
name: Keppel, Drew
name: Lang, Ryan N.
name: Li, Tjonnie G. F.
name: Meacher, Duncan
name: Nielsen, Alex
name: Pankow, Chris
name: Privitera, Stephen
name: Qi, Hong
name: Sachdev, Surabhi
name: Sadeghian, Laleh
name: Singer, Leo
name: Thomas, E. Gareth
name: Wade, Leslie
name: Wade, Madeline
name: Weinstein, Alan
name: Wiesner, Karsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe a stream-based analysis pipeline to detect gravitational waves from the merger of binary neutron stars, binary black holes, and neutron-star-black-hole binaries within ~ 1 minute of the arrival of the merger signal at Earth. Such low-latency detection is crucial for the prompt response by electromagnetic facilities in order to observe any fading electromagnetic counterparts that might be produced by mergers involving at least one neutron star. Even for systems expected not to produce counterparts, low-latency analysis of the data is useful for deciding when not to point telescopes, and as feedback to observatory operations. Analysts using this pipeline were the first to identify GW151226, the second gravitational-wave event ever detected. The pipeline also operates in an offline mode, in which it incorporates more refined information about data quality and employs acausal methods that are inapplicable to the online mode. The pipeline's offline mode was used in the detection of the first two gravitational-wave events, GW150914 and GW151226, as well as the identification of a third candidate, LVT151012.
title: Role of MRI in the evaluation of lung lesions suspicious for malignancy - experience of an oncology center
Creators: name: Guimaraes, Marcos
Publisher: name: European Society of Thoracic Imaging
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Thorax
subject: Oncology
subject: Lung
subject: MR
subject: MR-Functional imaging
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: Technology assessment
subject: Staging
subject: Observer performance
subject: Neoplasia
subject: Metastases
subject: Tissue characterisation

description: Objectives Materials and Methods Results Conclusions
description: Objectives: The present study describes the relevant aspects of magnetic resonance imaging of the thorax in the evaluation of lung lesions suspicious for...
title: Organizing pneumonia: Typical and atypical CT manifestations of a great mimicker in chest radiology
Creators: name: Rossius, Mariska
Publisher: name: European Society of Thoracic Imaging
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Inflammation
subject: Education
subject: CT
subject: Lung

description: Objectives Body Conclusions
description: Objectives: To present an overview of the spectrum of typical and atypical CT findings in organizing pneumonia (OP) and to discuss the most important differential...
title: Proportion of lung emphysema in lung cancer patients and related factors using multi-slice Thoracic computed tomography
Creators: name: Ikhsan, Aziza
Publisher: name: European Society of Thoracic Imaging
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Thorax
subject: CT-High Resolution
subject: Radiation therapy / Oncology
subject: Structured reporting
subject: Neoplasia
subject: Chronic obstructive airways disease

description: Objectives Materials and Methods Results Conclusions
description: Objectives: Lung cancer and emphysema are tobacco related diseases [1, 2, 3]. However, we have no data about the correlation of both in patients. This study was performed to know the proportion of lung emphysema in lung cancer patients without history of...