cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Complete plastome sequence of Narcissus pseudonarcissus L., one of the most iconic European plants
Creators: name: Adamo, Martino
name: Fochi, Valeria
name: Mucciarelli, Marco
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Narcissus pseudonarcissus L. is one of the most iconic plants of the European flora. It is a species of great horticultural interest, but also an endangered and protected plant in the wild as a consequence of loss of natural habitats. Complete plastid genome was assembled from next-generation sequencing data obtaining a circular genome of 160,008 bp long assembly. It comprises a pair of inverted repeat regions, a large single-copy region (108,400 bp), and a small single-copy region (16,434 bp). It encodes 131 genes, including 87 protein coding genes, 37 tRNA genes and seven rRNA genes. Phylogeny showed the strict relationship between N. pseudonarcissus and Narcissus poeticus L. The complete plastome will provide a useful genetic resource for future conservation programmes, phylogenetic studies and horticultural applications.
A.Ya. Khintchine's Work in Probability Theory
Creators: name: Rogosin, Sergei
name: Mainardi, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: History and Overview (math.HO)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 01A60, 60-03, 60E07

description: The paper is devoted to the contribution in the Probability Theory of the well-known Soviet mathematician Alexander Yakovlevich Khintchine (1894-1959). Several of his results are described, in particular those fundamental results on the infinitely divisible distributions. Attention is paid also to his interaction with Paul Levy. The content of the paper is related to our joint book The Legacy of A.Ya. Khintchine's Work in Probability Theory, published in 2010 by Cambridge Scientific Publishers.
description: 44 pages, 1 Figure
(500484) William John Carr
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Measurement as the Basis of Waves and Matter: A Higgs-Zeno Perspective
Creators: name: Chatterjee, Dristi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Measurement is often treated as a passive act in quantum mechanics, but we propose that measurement **actively constructs reality** by defining wave-particle interactions, energy distributions,and spacetime evolution. Using the Higgs-Zeno framework derived from Lindblad dynamics, we establish:• **Measurement frequency dependence** of localization via quantum Zeno effect.• **Energy renormalization** from measurement-induced decoherence.• **Spacetime emergence** through measurement-regulated entanglement.• **Matter formation as a result of decreasing measurement frequency, leading to particle stabilization.**• **Field interactions as generators of measurement, defining wave structures and matter evolution.**• **Fibonacci-based measurement sequences governing wave-particle transitions and basis selection.**• **Correction of decay rate suppression to match power-law behavior observed in standard Zeno models.**• **Experimental validation** through quantum optics and condensed matter systems.• **Numerical verification** of measurement-induced wave-particle transition and energy scaling.**This work provides a mathematical derivation of all key results from first principles and integratesnumerical simulations to further validate the theoretical framework

 

AcknowledgementsThe author acknowledges the use of OpenAI's ChatGPT and DeepSeek as assistive tools in the development of ideas, refinement of theoretical models, and support in drafting and editing the manuscript. The AI was employed for brainstorming, language polishing, diagram suggestions, and exploring mathematical formulations, with all conceptual direction and final interpretations guided by the author.
XTREME-UP: A User-Centric Scarce-Data Benchmark for Under-Represented Languages
Creators: name: Ruder, Sebastian
name: Clark, Jonathan H.
name: Gutkin, Alexander
name: Kale, Mihir
name: Ma, Min
name: Nicosia, Massimo
name: Rijhwani, Shruti
name: Riley, Parker
name: Sarr, Jean-Michel A.
name: Wang, Xinyi
name: Wieting, John
name: Gupta, Nitish
name: Katanova, Anna
name: Kirov, Christo
name: Dickinson, Dana L.
name: Roark, Brian
name: Samanta, Bidisha
name: Tao, Connie
name: Adelani, David I.
name: Axelrod, Vera
name: Caswell, Isaac
name: Cherry, Colin
name: Garrette, Dan
name: Ingle, Reeve
name: Johnson, Melvin
name: Panteleev, Dmitry
name: Talukdar, Partha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Data scarcity is a crucial issue for the development of highly multilingual NLP systems. Yet for many under-represented languages (ULs) -- languages for which NLP re-search is particularly far behind in meeting user needs -- it is feasible to annotate small amounts of data. Motivated by this, we propose XTREME-UP, a benchmark defined by: its focus on the scarce-data scenario rather than zero-shot; its focus on user-centric tasks -- tasks with broad adoption by speakers of high-resource languages; and its focus on under-represented languages where this scarce-data scenario tends to be most realistic. XTREME-UP evaluates the capabilities of language models across 88 under-represented languages over 9 key user-centric technologies including ASR, OCR, MT, and information access tasks that are of general utility. We create new datasets for OCR, autocomplete, semantic parsing, and transliteration, and build on and refine existing datasets for other tasks. XTREME-UP provides methodology for evaluating many modeling scenarios including text-only, multi-modal (vision, audio, and text),supervised parameter tuning, and in-context learning. We evaluate commonly used models on the benchmark. We release all code and scripts to train and evaluate models
title: Temporal trends in the risk of multiple primary cancers and competing mortality among adult-onset cancer patients
Creators: name: Ye, Y
Publisher: name: University of Tasmania
Year: 2018

description: \(Background:\) Cancer patients are at risk of developing multiple primary cancers (MPCs). MPCs and non-cancer events compete with first cancers as the cause of death. This thesis aims to investigate temporal trends in the risk of MPCs and competing mortality due to MPCs and non-cancer events among adult-onset cancer patients in Tasmania. \(Methods:\) A systematic review of temporal trends in the risk of MPCs was performed. Original data were extracted from the population-based Tasmanian Cancer Registry in Australia. Patients with a first cancer registered between 1980-2009 were followed for incident second cancers to 2013 and for deaths to 2014. For non-cancer mortality, patients with a first cancer registered between 2006-2013 were followed up to 2015. MPC risks were quantified and trends in MPC risk were assessed in multivariable Poisson models. Mortality due to MPCs and non-cancer events were assessed in competing risk models. \(Results:\) The systematic review indicated an increasing trend in the risk of MPCs from the 1980s to 2000 in studies from Australia and the USA. In Tasmania, there was an increasing trend in the risk of any second cancer from 1980-2013. The competing mortality due to MPCs increased from the 1980s to a peak for first cancers diagnosed in 1995-1999. From 2006-2015, the competing mortality due to cardiovascular events increased significantly with age at first cancer diagnosis and exceeded other competing events at age 65 years or older. \(Conclusions:\) In Tasmania, the risk of MPCs has increased with periods of first cancer diagnosis from 1980-2009. The competing mortality due to MPCs increased for first cancers diagnosed in the 1990s possibly indicating overdiagnosis of non-fatal first cancers in the 1990s. Cardiovascular events were the leading cause of competing mortality among Tasmanian patients diagnosed with a first cancer from 2006-2013 suggesting potential opportunities for preventive interventions
title: Song in a strange land: an investigation, in paint, into the music of Arauco Libre
Creators: name: Wilson, RA
Publisher: name: University of Tasmania
Year: 2018

description: The central research question underlying this project is ‘How to express in visual form, the music of Arauco Libre and its role in their migration experience’. The case study in this research is a group of exiles from Chile who formed a popular band, Arauco Libre, in Hobart, Tasmania, thirty years ago. Their Andean-inspired music, played on traditional South American instruments, has its roots in folk music, going back for thousands of years, and is entwined with the identity of the people of the Altiplano. In the politically turbulent 1960’s and 70’s, this music was associated with the aspirations of the indigenous and the poor and the election of the Allende government, but after the military coup which toppled this government, it also came to speak of the experience of exile. The instruments, rich in associations of all these things, are the subject matter in the series of paintings that are the outcome of this research. The nine still life paintings of these unique instruments are quasi-portraits of their owners. Using the device of hanging the instruments from trees, I reference the poetic trope of exiles from Psalm 137: ‘we hung our harps on the willows’. This suspension of the instruments engages the migrant narrative at a moment of in-between, of not belonging, of leaving the past and facing an unknown future. The images explore the tension between nostalgia for a past homeland and hope for a better life. These dualities are expressed in the use of darkness and light. Along with the void and the raking light, these metaphors combine in a redemptive visual allegory of hope and human endeavour. In a series of interviews band members gave insights into both their music and their migration story. Literature about music in society, and Andean society in particular, provided an undergirding of the project. Among the still life artists that have directly informed my work are Juan Sanchez Cotan, Francisco de Zurbaran, Adriaen Coorte, and Harmen Steenwyk. I also refer to painters of musical instruments, Evaristo Baschinas and Raoul Dufy. Chosen works of twenty first century painters, Cindy Wright and Teresa Fischer, demonstrate how the still life genre can be invested with contemporary meaning while the work of contemporary photographer Joachim Froese is seminal, with his strategy of suspending objects, exposing their vulnerability. The project celebrates and examines a small but significant part of Tasmanian history. Positioned at the intersection of the sister arts of music and painting, the research explores the significance of Andean-inspired music in the cross-cultural setting of Hobart by interpreting this specific case and seeks to repurpose the still life genre to communicate the nature of the migrant experience that it evokes.
Magnetostriction-Driven Muon Localization in an Antiferromagnetic Oxide
Creators: name: Bonfà, Pietro
name: Onuorah, Ifeanyi John
name: Lang, Franz
name: Timrov, Iurii
name: Monacelli, Lorenzo
name: Wang, Chennan
name: Sun, Xiao
name: Petracic, Oleg
name: Pizzi, Giovanni
name: Marzari, Nicola
name: Blundell, Stephen J.
name: De Renzi, Roberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetostriction drives a rhombohedral distortion in the cubic rock salt antiferromagnet MnO at the Néel temperature $T_{N}=118$ K. As an unexpected consequence we show that this distortion acts to localize the site of an implanted muon due to the accompanying redistribution of electron density. This lifts the degeneracy between equivalent sites, resulting in a single observed muon precession frequency. Above $T_{N}$, the muon instead becomes delocalized around a network of equivalent sites. Our first-principles simulations based on Hubbard-corrected density-functional theory and molecular dynamics are consistent with our experimental data and help to resolve a long-standing puzzle regarding muon data on MnO, as well as having wider applicability to other magnetic oxides.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures
Pattern formation by curvature-inducing proteins on spherical membranes
Creators: name: Agudo-Canalejo, Jaime
name: Golestanian, Ramin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spatial organisation is a hallmark of all living cells, and recreating it in model systems is a necessary step in the creation of synthetic cells. It is therefore of both fundamental and practical interest to better understand the basic mechanisms underlying spatial organisation in cells. In this work, we use a continuum model of membrane and protein dynamics to study the behaviour of curvature-inducing proteins on membranes of spherical shape, such as living cells or lipid vesicles. We show that the interplay between curvature energy, entropic forces, and the geometric constraints on the membrane can result in the formation of patterns of highly-curved/protein-rich and weakly-curved/protein-poor domains on the membrane. The spontaneous formation of such patterns can be triggered either by an increase in the average density of curvature-inducing proteins, or by a relaxation of the geometric constraints on the membrane imposed by the membrane tension or by the tethering of the membrane to a rigid cell wall or cortex. These parameters can also be tuned to select the size and number of the protein-rich domains that arise upon pattern formation. The very general mechanism presented here could be related to protein self-organisation in many biological processes, ranging from (proto)cell division to the formation of membrane rafts.
description: Updated, extended, and corrected with respect to v1. Final published version
title: The politics of cooking : class, inequality and power in MasterChef Australia
Creators: name: Moore, RL
Publisher: name: University of Tasmania
Year: 2018

description: Within the world of reality television, MasterChef Australia has been regarded by commentators as being remarkable for its non-confrontational nature and its collegiality. This study contests the benign nature of the program by examining expressions of power and authority within the television text. Drawing on a theoretical background of Marx, Weber, Barthes and Bourdieu, this thesis performs a detailed reading of Season 8 (2016) of MasterChef Australia with a view to revealing the politics and metaphorical class structures within the design of the on-screen scenario. It argues that MasterChef Australia exhibits and perpetuates traditional class structures and values within the professional cooking industry, and any non-confrontation and collegiality is associated with subservience and class inferiority. Paths are proposed for further research, especially in relation to gender-related expressions of power and authority.
(500485) Henry Haworth
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Experimental test of the Rosenzweig-Porter model for the transition from Poisson to Gaussian unitary ensemble statistics
Creators: name: Zhang, Xiaodong
name: Zhang, Weihua
name: Che, Jiongning
name: Dietz, Barbara
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on an experimental investigation of the transition of a quantum system with integrable classical dynamics to one with violated time-reversal (T) invariance and chaotic classical counterpart. High-precision experiments are performed with a flat superconducting microwave resonator with circular shape in which T-invariance violation and chaoticity are induced by magnetizing a ferrite disk placed at its center, which above the cutoff frequency of the first transverse-electric mode acts as a random potential. We determine a complete sequence of approx. 1000 eigenfrequencies and find good agreement with analytical predictions for the spectral properties of the Rosenzweig-Porter (RP) model, which interpolates between Poisson statistics expected for typical integrable systems and Gaussian unitary ensemble statistics predicted for chaotic systems with violated T invariance. Furthermore, we combine the RP model and the Heidelberg approach for quantum-chaotic scattering to construct a random-matrix model for the scattering (S) matrix of the corresponding open quantum system and show that it perfectly reproduces the fluctuation properties of the measured S matrix of the microwave resonator.
The complete mitochondrial genome analysis of Locastra muscosalis (Walker, 1866) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) and phylogenetic implications
Creators: name: Wang, Laiyou
name: Liu, Jiali
name: Liu, Haosen
name: Wang, Yu
name: Rong, Hua
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: The complete mitochondrial genome of Locastra muscosalis (Walker, 1866) was sequenced and characterized in this study, which was the first reported complete mitogenome of the genus Locastra. The mitogenome of L. muscosalis has a total length of 15,177 bp, encompassing 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 transfer RNA genes (tRNAs), 2 ribosomal RNA genes (rRNAs), and an A-T rich region. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that L. muscosalis is closely associated with Orthaga euadrusalis. These data will serve as a valuable foundation for future investigations into the Epipaschiinae and Pyralidae evolutionary history.
Evaluation of Counterfactuality in Counterfactual Communication Protocols
Creators: name: Arvidsson-Shukur, D. R. M.
name: Gottfries, A. N. O.
name: Barnes, C. H. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide an in-depth investigation of parameter estimation in Nested Mach-Zehnder interferometers (NMZIs) using two information measures: the Shannon mutual information and the classical Fisher information. Protocols for counterfactual communition (CFC) have, so far, been based on two different definitions of counterfactuality. In particular, some schemes have been based on NMZI devices, but have recently been subject to criticism. We provide a methodology for evaluating the counterfactuality of these protocols, based on an information theoretical framework. More specifically, we make the assumption that any realistic quantum channel in MZI structures will have some weak uncontrolled interaction, and we use the Fisher information to measure counterfactual violations. The measure is used to evaluate the suggested counterfactual communication protocol by Salih et al. \cite{Salih13}. The protocol of Arvidsson-Shukur and Barnes \cite{ArvShukur16}, based on a different definition, is evaluated with a probability measure. Our results show that the definition of Arvidsson-Shukur and Barnes is satisfied by their scheme, whilst that of Salih et al. is only satisfied by perfect quantum channels. For realistic devices the latter protocol does not achieve its objective.
Spatial Distribution of Topological Surface State Electrons in Bi$_{2}$Se$_{3}$ Probed by Na$^{+}$ Low Energy Ion Scattering
Creators: name: Zhou, Weimin
name: Zhu, Haoshan
name: Yarmoff, Jory A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bi$_{2}$Se$_{3}$ is a topological insulator whose unique properties result from topological surface states (TSS) in the band gap. Low energy ion scattering can determine the properties of the outermost few atomic layers of a solid. The deposition of Cs helps to reveal that the neutralization of Na$^{+}$ is larger when scattered from surface Se than from Bi. This is caused by the spatial redistribution of the conductive charges in the TSS, which are primarily positioned between the first and second atomic layers. This provides direct experimental evidence of the spatial distribution of the TSS electrons.
description: This work has been replaced by other papers (arXiv:1807.08377 and arXiv:1707.09251), and is thus redundant
A large eddy lattice Boltzmann simulation of magnetohydrodynamic turbulence
Creators: name: Flint, Christopher
name: Vahala, George
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Large eddy simulations (LES) of a lattice Boltzmann magnetohydrodynamic (LB-MHD) model are performed for the unstable magnetized Kelvin-Helmholtz jet instability. This algorithm is an extension of Ansumali et. al. (2004) to MHD in which one performs first an expansion in the filter width on the kinetic equations followed by the usual low Knudsen number expansion. These two perturbation operations do not commute. Closure is achieved by invoking the physical constraint that subgrid effects occur at transport time scales. The simulations are in very good agreement with direct numerical simulations.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures
Neural Cellular Automata Can Respond to Signals
Creators: name: Stovold, James
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Neural Cellular Automata (NCAs) are a model of morphogenesis, capable of growing two-dimensional artificial organisms from a single seed cell. In this paper, we show that NCAs can be trained to respond to signals. Two types of signal are used: internal (genomically-coded) signals, and external (environmental) signals. Signals are presented to a single pixel for a single timestep.
 Results show NCAs are able to grow into multiple distinct forms based on internal signals, and are able to change colour based on external signals. Overall these contribute to the development of NCAs as a model of artificial morphogenesis, and pave the way for future developments embedding dynamic behaviour into the NCA model.
 Code and target images are available through GitHub: https://github.com/jstovold/ALIFE2023
description: Accepted to main track at ALIFE 2023
title: An ensemble-based feature selection methodology for case-based learning
Creators: name: Ali, M
Publisher: name: University of Tasmania
Year: 2018

description: Case-based learning (CBL) approach has been receiving a lot of attention in medical education, as an alternative to the traditional learning environment. This student-centric teaching methodology, exposes the medical students to practice the real-world scenarios. In order to support the learning outcomes of students, existing systems do not provide computer-based as well as experiential knowledge-based support for CBL practice. Medical literature contains textual knowledge, which can be used as a very beneficial source for the computer-based CBL practice. Therefore, designing and developing of an automated CBL approach is a challenging problem. In order, to solve this problem, the text mining domain provides the basic framework for constructing domain knowledge, where the feature selection is considered to be one of the most critical requirement to select the appropriate features. Keeping in view these facts, this research, provides contribution, in the following areas: (1) Feature Ranking; where we propose, an innovative unified features scoring algorithm to generate a final ranked list of features, (2) Feature Selection; where we propose, an innovative threshold value selection algorithm to define a cut-off point for removing irrelevant features for the domain knowledge construction, and (3) CBL Platform; where we designed and developed, an interactive CBL system consisting of experiential as well as domain knowledge to nurture medical students for their professional learning and development. We perform both quantitative and qualitative evaluation of our proposed (1) methodology on benchmark datasets, and (2) CBL approach. The extensive experimental results show that our approach provides competitive accuracy and achieved (1) on average, more than 5% increase in f-measure and predictive accuracy as compared to state-of-the-art methods, and (2) a success rate of more than 70% for students’ interaction, group learning, solo learning, and improving clinical skills.
The MSSM without Gluinos; an Effective Field Theory for the Stop Sector
Creators: name: Aebischer, Jason
name: Crivellin, Andreas
name: Greub, Christoph
name: Yamada, Youichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article we study the MSSM with stops and Higgs scalars much lighter than gluinos and squarks of the first two generations. In this setup, one should use an effective field theory with partial supersymmetry in which the gluino and heavy squarks are integrated out in order to connect SUSY parameters (given at a high scale) to observables in the stop sector. In the construction of this effective theory, valid below the gluino mass scale, we take into account $O(α_3)$ and $O(Y_{t,b}^2)$ effects and calculate the matching as well as the renormalization group evolution. As a result, the running of the parameters for the stop sector is modified with respect to the full MSSM and SUSY relations between parameters are broken. We show that for some couplings sizable numerical differences exist between the effective field theory approach and the naive calculation based on the MSSM running.
description: 14 pages, 2 figures
Predictions for the sPHENIX physics program
Creators: name: Belmont, Ron
name: Brewer, Jasmine
name: Brodsky, Quinn
name: Caucal, Paul
name: Connors, Megan
name: Djordjevic, Magdalena
name: Ehlers, Raymond
name: Escobedo, Miguel A.
name: Ferreiro, Elena G.
name: Giacalone, Giuliano
name: Hatta, Yoshitaka
name: Holguin, Jack
name: Ke, Weiyao
name: Kang, Zhong-Bo
name: Kumar, Amit
name: Mazeliauskas, Aleksas
name: Mehtar-Tani, Yacine
name: Nukazuka, Genki
name: Pablos, Daniel
name: Perepelitsa, Dennis V.
name: Rajagopal, Krishna
name: Sickles, Anne M.
name: Strickland, Michael
name: Tywoniuk, Konrad
name: Vitev, Ivan
name: Wang, Xin-Nian
name: Yang, Zhong
name: Zhao, Fanyi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: sPHENIX is a next-generation detector experiment at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider, designed for a broad set of jet and heavy-flavor probes of the Quark-Gluon Plasma created in heavy ion collisions. In anticipation of the commissioning and first data-taking of the detector in 2023, a RIKEN-BNL Research Center (RBRC) workshop was organized to collect theoretical input and identify compelling aspects of the physics program. This paper compiles theoretical predictions from the workshop participants for jet quenching, heavy flavor and quarkonia, cold QCD, and bulk physics measurements at sPHENIX.
description: 60 pages, summary paper of the "Predictions for sPHENIX" RBRC workshop held at BNL in July 2022, published version
Action and Observer dependence in Euclidean quantum gravity
Creators: name: Kothawala, Dawood
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Given a Lorentzian spacetime $(M, g)$ and a non-vanishing timelike vector field $u(λ)$ with level surfaces $Σ$, one can construct on $M$ a Euclidean metric $g_E^{ab} = g^{ab} + 2 u^a u^b$. Motivated by this, we consider a class of metrics $\hat{g}^{ab} = g^{ab} - Θ(λ)\, u^a u^b$ with an arbitrary function $Θ$ that interpolates between the Euclidean ($Θ=-2$) and Lorentzian ($Θ=0$) regimes. The Euclidean regime is in general different from that obtained from Wick rotation $t \rightarrow - i t$. For example, if $g_{ab}$ is the $k=0$ Lorentzian de Sitter metric corresponding to $Λ>0$, the Euclidean regime of $\hat{g}_{ab}$ is the $k=0$ Euclidean anti-de Sitter space with $Λ<0$. We analyze the curvature tensors associated with $\hat{g}$ for arbitrary Lorentzian metrics $g$ and timelike geodesic fields $u^a$, and show that they have interesting and remarkable mathematical structures: (i) Additional terms arise in the Euclidean regime $Θ\to -2$ of $\hat{g}_{ab}$. (ii) For the simplest choice of a step profile for $Θ$, the Ricci scalar Ric$[\widehat{g}]$ of $\hat{g}_{ab}$ reduces, in the Lorentzian regime $Θ\to 0$, to the complete Einstein-Hilbert lagrangian with the correct Gibbons-Hawking-York boundary term; the latter arises as a delta-function of strength $2K$ supported on $Σ_0$. (iii) In the Euclidean regime $Θ\to -2$, Ric$[\hat{g}]$ also has an extra term $2\, {}^3 R$ of the $u$-foliation. We highlight similar foliation dependent terms in the full Riemann tensor. We present some explicit examples and briefly discuss implications of the results for Euclidean quantum gravity and quantum cosmology.
description: v2: discussions and references added; to appear in CQG Letters
(500487) Philip Dennis
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Two-weight and three-weight linear codes based on Weil sums
Creators: name: Jian, Gaopeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Linear codes with few weights have applications in secret sharing, authentication codes, association schemes and strongly regular graphs. In this paper, several classes of two-weight and three-weight linear codes are presented and their weight distributions are determined using Weil sums. Some of the linear codes obtained are optimal or almost optimal with respect to the Griesmer bound.
title: A biogeography of the mesopelagic community
Creators: name: Proud, RH
Publisher: name: University of Tasmania
Year: 2018

description: There are a large number of research vessels and fishing vessels equipped with echosounders plying the world ocean, making continual observations of the ocean interior. Developing data collation programmes (e.g. Integrated Marine Observing System) and automated, repeatable analyses techniques enable the upper c. 1,200 meters of the world ocean to be sampled routinely, and for their characteristic deep scattering layers (DSLs) to be compared. Deep scattering layers are comprised of zooplankton (e.g. euphausiids) and fish, particularly myctophids or lantern fish, and comprise the majority of sub-surface biomass. Here we present, by the analysis of a global acoustic dataset, a mesopelagic biogeography of the sea. This was accomplished by (i) the collation and processing of a global active acoustic dataset, (ii) the development of a standardised and automated method of sound scattering layer (SSL) extraction and description, (iii) the derivation of the environmental drivers of DSL depth and biomass, (iv) the definition of a mesopelagic biogeography based on the drivers of DSL metrics and (v) the prediction, using output from the NEMO-MEDUSA-2.0 coupled model, of how the metrics and biogeography may change by 2100. Key findings include, the development of the Sound Scattering Layer Extraction Method (SSLEM) the inference that primary production, water temperature and wind stress are key drivers in DSL depth and biomass and that mesopelagic fish biomass may increase by 2100. Such an increase is a result of increased trophic efficiency from the shallowing of DSLs and rising water temperatures, suggesting, that as the climate warms the ocean is becoming more efficient. The biophysical relationships and biogeography derived here, serve to improve our understanding of mesopelagic mid-trophic level dynamics in open-ocean ecosystems. This will aid both fisheries and conservation management, which now adopt more holistic approaches when monitoring and evaluating ecosystem health and stability.
Local control for the collective dynamics of self-propelled particles
Creators: name: Medeiros, Everton S.
name: Feudel, Ulrike
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Utilizing a paradigmatic model for the motion of interacting self-propelled particles, we demonstrate that local accelerations at the level of individual particles can drive transitions between different collective dynamics, leading to a control process. We find that the ability to trigger such transitions is hierarchically distributed among the particles and can form distinctive spatial patterns within the collective. Chaotic dynamics occur during the transitions, which can be attributed to fractal basin boundaries mediating the control process. The particle hierarchies described in this study offer decentralized capabilities for controlling artificial swarms.
description: Published in Physical Review E
The complete mitochondrial genome of the basidiomycetous fungus, Tinctoporellus epimiltinus strain RS1
Creators: name: Subramaniam, Ranjita
name: Kumar, Vijay Subbiah
name: Siddiquee, Shafiquzzaman
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Virology

description: Tinctoporellus epimiltinus is widely known as a wood-decaying fungus. In the present study, we identified the complete mitochondrial genome of this species using next-generation sequencing technology. Our findings revealed that the genomic structure is a circular molecule with a size of 51,878 bp. Consistent with most Basidiomycota species, it consists of 14 core protein-coding genes, one ribosomal protein gene (rps3), 26 transfer RNA genes, and small and large ribosomal RNA (rns and rnl) genes. Seven additional open reading frames were identified. These included two sequences similar to DNA polymerases, an endonuclease-like sequence, and four hypothetical proteins. The mitochondrial genome exhibited a nucleotide composition of A (36.24%), C (12.04%), G (13.18%), and T (38.55%), resulting in a 25.21% GC content. A phylogenetic tree constructed using the combined mitochondrial gene dataset provided insight into the phylogenetic relationships of this species within the context of Basidiomycota and its members.
Measurement as the Basis of Waves and Matter: A Higgs-Zeno Perspective
Creators: name: Chatterjee, Dristi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Measurement is often treated as a passive act in quantum mechanics, but we propose that measurement **actively constructs reality** by defining wave-particle interactions, energy distributions,and spacetime evolution. Using the Higgs-Zeno framework derived from Lindblad dynamics, we establish:• **Measurement frequency dependence** of localization via quantum Zeno effect.• **Energy renormalization** from measurement-induced decoherence.• **Spacetime emergence** through measurement-regulated entanglement.• **Matter formation as a result of decreasing measurement frequency**, leading to particle stabilization.• **Field interactions as generators of measurement, defining wave structures and matter evolution.**• **Correction of decay rate suppression to match power-law behavior observed in standard Zeno models.**• **Experimental validation** through quantum optics and condensed matter systems.• **Numerical verification** of measurement-induced wave-particle transition and energy scaling.This work provides a mathematical derivation of all key results from first principles and integratesnumerical simulations to further validate the theoretical framework
(500486) Rachael Thompson
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Local densities of $p$-adic quaternion hermitian forms
Creators: name: Hironaka, Yumiko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11E95, 11F85, 11E39

description: We consider local densities for $p$-adic quaternion hermitian forms (hermitian forms over a division quaternion algebra over a ${\mathfrak p}$-adic field $k$). The author has studied such forms in connection with spherical functions on the space of quaternion hermitian forms in the previous paper. Obtaining good explicit formulas of local densities is an interesting but difficult problem in general, and without explicit formulas we may study some general theory on local densities. In this paper, we give two results on the relations among local densities. First, regarding the local density $μ(B, A)$ (of representations of $B$ by $A$) as functions of $B$, we study their linear independence when $A$ varies by scaling hyperbolic planes. Then, following Kitaoka for symmetric forms, we introduce a formal power series $P(B, A; X) = \sum_{r \geq 0}\, μ(π^rB, A)X^r$, where $π$ is a prime element of $k$. We give an explicit polynomial $f(X)$ for which $f(X)\cdot P(B, A; X)$ becomes a polynomial of $X$. Both results are based on Gauss sum expressions of local densities and Fourier transforms of functions on the space of quaternion hermitian forms. Finally, as an appendix, we list the previous results on symmetric forms and hermitian forms for comparison.
description: 32 pages
Lattice distortions, moiré phonons, and relaxed electronic band structures in magic-angle twisted bilayer graphene
Creators: name: Xie, Bo
name: Liu, Jianpeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we present a theoretical research on the lattice relaxations, phonon properties, and relaxed electronic structures in magic-angle twisted bilayer graphene (TBG). We construct a continuum elastic model in order to study the lattice dynamics of magic-angle TBG, where both in-plane and out-of-plane lattice displacements are take into account. The fully relaxed lattice structure calculated using such a model is in quantitative agreement with experimental measurements. Furthermore, we investigate the phonon properties in magic-angle TBG using the continuum elastic model, where both the in-plane and out-of-plane phonon modes are included and treated on equal footing. We identify different types of moiré phonons including in-plane sliding modes, soft out-of-plane flexural modes, as well as out-of-plane breathing modes. The latter two types of phonon modes exhibit interesting monopolar, dipolar, quadrupolar, and octupolar-type out-of-plane vibration patterns. Additionally, we explore the impact of the relaxed moiré superlattice structure on the electronic band structures of magic-angle TBG using an effective continuum model, which shows nearly exact agreement with those calculated using a microscopic atomistic tight-binding approach. Our work lays foundation for further studies on the electron-phonon coupling effects and their interplay with $e$-$e$ interactions in magic-angle TBG.
description: 14+16 pages, 6 figures
Quantifying China's Regional Economic Complexity
Creators: name: Gao, Jian
name: Zhou, Tao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Economics (econ.GN)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: China has experienced an outstanding economic expansion during the past decades, however, literature on non-monetary metrics that reveal the status of China's regional economic development are still lacking. In this paper, we fill this gap by quantifying the economic complexity of China's provinces through analyzing 25 years' firm data. First, we estimate the regional economic complexity index (ECI), and show that the overall time evolution of provinces' ECI is relatively stable and slow. Then, after linking ECI to the economic development and the income inequality, we find that the explanatory power of ECI is positive for the former but negative for the latter. Next, we compare different measures of economic diversity and explore their relationships with monetary macroeconomic indicators. Results show that the ECI index and the non-linear iteration based Fitness index are comparative, and they both have stronger explanatory power than other benchmark measures. Further multivariate regressions suggest the robustness of our results after controlling other socioeconomic factors. Our work moves forward a step towards better understanding China's regional economic development and non-monetary macroeconomic indicators.
description: 14 pages, 6 figures, 1 table
title: Quadratic superalgebras in mathematics and physics
Creators: name: Yates, LA
Publisher: name: University of Tasmania
Year: 2019

description: We introduce in this thesis a class of quadratic deformations of Lie superalgebras which we term quadratic superalgebras. These are finitely-generated algebras with a `Z`\(_{_2}\)-graded structure comprising an even and an odd part; the even part is an ordinary Lie algebra, the odd part is a module of the even part, and the anticommutator of two odd elements closes quadratically on the even generators. One motivation to study algebras with these structural properties is their arising in the observable algebra of gauge invariant fields in Hamiltonian lattice QCD [44] and the subsequent study of polynomial gl(n) superalgebras [45]. The present work both broadens the scope and extends the analysis of the latter. For this class of algebras we derive a Poincaré-Birkhoff-Witt theorem, including an explicit ordered basis, which we then employ as a means to investigate the structure of irreducible modules; these are analogous to Kac modules for Lie superalgebras. Further rationale to study quadratic superalgebras is due to the remarkable existence of zero-step modules; these are so-called atypical modules for which the entire irreducible module of the quadratic superalgebra consists of a single irreducible module of the even subalgebra. In addition to their mathematical aspects, we investigate in this thesis an application of quadratic superalgebras in the context of space-time conformal supersymmetry. We show that the algebra of N = 1 space-time conformal supersymmetry, su(2; 2=1), arises as a contraction limit of a certain quadratic superalgebra. In this setting we exploit the existence of zero-step modules which, for a fixed parameter choice of the quadratic family under consideration, coincide with the massless positive energy unitary irreducible representations (in the standard classifcation of Mack) of the even subalgebra. For these massless particle multiplets the odd generators vanish identically and supersymmetry is carried (unbroken) without the accompaniment of superpartners. Thus, in the context of extended non-linear symmetry principles and their role in determining the spectrum of fundamental particles, we point out that there exist candidate algebraic structures which implement (extended) supersymmetric invariance while at the same time obviating the need for every particle of the standard model to be accompanied by a superpartner.
(500489) Andrew Hedley
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.