cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Profiling a soft solid layer to passively control the conduit shape in a compliant microchannel during flow
Creators: name: Karan, Pratyaksh
name: Chakraborty, Jeevanjyoti
name: Chakraborty, Suman
name: Wereley, Steven T.
name: Christov, Ivan C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The shape of a microchannel during flow through it is instrumental to understanding the physics that govern various phenomena ranging from rheological measurements of fluids to separation of particles and cells. Two commonly used approaches for obtaining a desired channel shape (for a given application) are (i) fabricating the microchannel in the requisite shape and (ii) actuating the microchannel walls during flow to obtain the requisite shape. However, these approaches are not always viable. We propose an alternative, passive approach to {\it a priori} tune the elastohydrodynamics in a microsystem, towards achieving a pre-determined (but not pre-fabricated) flow geometry when the microchannel is subjected to flow. That is to say, we use the interaction between a soft solid layer, the viscous flow beneath it and the shaped rigid wall above it, to tune the fluid domain's shape. Specifically, we study a parallel-wall microchannel whose top wall is a slender soft coating of arbitrary thickness attached to a rigid platform. We derive a nonlinear differential equation for the soft coating's fluid--solid interface, which we use to infer how to achieve specific conduit shapes during flow. Using this theory, we demonstrate the tuning of four categories of microchannel geometries, which establishes, via a proof-of-concept, the viability of our modeling framework. We also explore slip length patterning on the rigid bottom wall of the microchannel, a common technique in microfluidics, as an addition `handle' for microchannel shape control. However, we show that this effect is much weaker in practice.
description: 20 pages, 10 figures; v2: minor update to parameters and figures; v3: reorganization + regenerated figures for clarity; accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. E; v4: corrects minor typos
Indirect Search for Dark Matter in M31 with the CELESTE Experiment
Creators: name: Lavalle, J.
name: Manseri, H.
name: Jacholkowska, A.
name: Brion, E.
name: Britto, R.
name: Bruel, P.
name: Bussons-Gordo, J.
name: Dumora, D.
name: Durand, E.
name: Giraud, E.
name: Lott, B.
name: Münz, F.
name: Nuss, E.
name: Piron, F.
name: Reposeur, T.
name: Smith, D. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: If dark matter is made of neutralinos, annihilation of such Majorana particles should produce high energy cosmic rays, especially in galaxy halo high density regions like galaxy centres. M31 (Andromeda) is our nearest neighbour spiral galaxy, and both its high mass and its low distance make it a source of interest for the indirect search for dark matter through gamma-ray detection. The ground based atmospheric Cherenkov telescope CELESTE observed M31 from 2001 to 2003, in the mostly unexplored energy range 50-500 GeV. These observations provide an upper limit on the flux above 50 GeV around $10^{-10}\rm{cm}^{-2}\rm{s}^{-1}$ in the frame of supersymmetric dark matter, and more generally on any gamma emission from M31.
description: Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Measures of Poverty and Inequality: A Reference Paper
Creators: name: Pauw, Kalie
name: Pauw, Kalie
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Food Security and Poverty

description: This paper discusses various measures of poverty and inequality found in the literature. Inequality measures discussed include the range, the variance, the coefficient of variation, the standard deviation of logarithms, the Gini coefficient, Theil's Entropy measure and Atkinson's inequality measure. Of these the mean log deviation, the Theil index and the coefficient of variation have come to be known as the Generalised Entropy class of inequality measures. As far as poverty indicators are concerned the Foster-Greer-Thorbecke measures, a class of generalised decomposable poverty measures, have become very popular in the literature. The paper also discusses some Stata do-files that were written in order to calculate poverty and inequality measures, with application to the Income and Expenditure Survey data of 1995.
Explorable Uncertainty in Scheduling with Non-Uniform Testing Times
Creators: name: Albers, Susanne
name: Eckl, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The problem of scheduling with testing in the framework of explorable uncertainty models environments where some preliminary action can influence the duration of a task. In the model, each job has an unknown processing time that can be revealed by running a test. Alternatively, jobs may be run untested for the duration of a given upper limit. Recently, Dürr et al. [5] have studied the setting where all testing times are of unit size and have given lower and upper bounds for the objectives of minimizing the sum of completion times and the makespan on a single machine. In this paper, we extend the problem to non-uniform testing times and present the first competitive algorithms. The general setting is motivated for example by online user surveys for market prediction or querying centralized databases in distributed computing. Introducing general testing times gives the problem a new flavor and requires updated methods with new techniques in the analysis. We present constant competitive ratios for the objective of minimizing the sum of completion times in the deterministic case, both in the non-preemptive and preemptive setting. For the preemptive setting, we additionally give a first lower bound. We also present a randomized algorithm with improved competitive ratio. Furthermore, we give tight competitive ratios for the objective of minimizing the makespan, both in the deterministic and the randomized setting.
description: 34 pages total, 16 pages main text including references, 18 pages appendix. Conference: Workshop on Approximation and Online Algorithms (WAOA) 2020
SeeResults: A Spreadsheet Application for the Analysis of CGE Model Results
Creators: name: Van Schoor, Melt
name: McDonald, Scott
name: Punt, Cecilia
name: Van Schoor, Melt
name: McDonald, Scott
name: Punt, Cecilia
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: CGE models tend to produce large amounts of result data, and it can be difficult and timeconsuming to view, import, process and keep track of these. SeeResults is an Excel-based spreadsheet application that has been developed within the PROVIDE project to facilitate viewing results and producing presentation output, such as charts. It effectively functions as a GDX (a binary format used for output from GAMS) file viewer, and has been designed to be flexible, user-friendly and immediately usable with minimal configuration. This paper describes the rationale for the application, its main features, a number of screen captures and implementation notes.
Key Progress of Rural Land Research in China from 2000 to 2019
Creators: name: CHEN  Zizhou
name: CHEN  Zizhou
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Rural Land, Literature review, China

description: Land is the foundation of human survival and the cornerstone of human development. China is a developing country with a large population and also a large agricultural country, and the issue of rural land has always been a strategic issue of great significance in the process of economic and social development. This paper introduces the key progress of rural land research in China from 2000 to 2019 in terms of three aspects: agricultural land protection, land system and land consolidation. It is found that the research content of rural land in China has experienced a very obvious transition and improvement. The understanding of specific research content continues to expand with the time. This paper studies and analyzes the existing problems of rural land research in China, and puts forward the research direction of rural land problems in China.
The obscuration by dust of most of the growth of supermassive black holes
Creators: name: Martinez-Sansigre, Alejo
name: Rawlings, Steve
name: Lacy, Mark
name: Fadda, Dario
name: Marleau, Francine R.
name: Simpson, Chris
name: Willott, Chris J.
name: Jarvis, Matt J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Supermassive black holes underwent periods of exponential growth during which we seem them as quasars in the distant Universe. The summed emission from these quasars generates the cosmic X-ray background, the spectrum of which has been used to argue that most black-hole growth is obscured. There are clear examples of obscured black-hole growth in the form of `type-2' quasars, but their numbers are fewer than expected from modelling of the X-ray background. Here we report on the direct detection of a population of distant type-2 quasars which is at least comparable in size to the well-known unobscured type-1 population. We selected objects that have mid-infrared and radio emissions characteristic of quasars, but which are faint at near-infrared and optical wavelengths. This population is responsible for most of the black hole growth in the young Universe and, throughout cosmic history, black-hole growth occurs in the dusty, gas-rich centres of active galaxies.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures, to appear in Nature on 4th August. Title and opening paragraph modified to Nature house style. Minor rearrangement and correction to table 1. Supplementary Information can be found at http://www-astro.physics.ox.ac.uk/~ams/
The PROVIDE Project Standard Computable General Equilibrium Model: Version 2
Creators: name: McDonald, Scott
name: McDonald, Scott
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: International Relations/Trade

description: The paper describes the Standard Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) model developed for the PROVIDE Project. The model allows for a generalised treatment of trade relationships by incorporating provisions for non-traded exports and imports, and competitive and noncompetitive imports, and allows the relaxation of the small country assumption for exported commodities. The model encompasses multiple product activities by differentiating between commodities by the activities that produce them, using a range of production technologies that can be selected by the user. The model is designed for calibration using data compiled as a Social Accounting Matrix (SAM). The model is designed so that it can be readily adapted by the user to incorporate different and/or additional behavioural assumptions.
Central Hidroeléctrica Rucalhue, Región del Biobío
Creators: name: Ríos, María Elvira
name: Figueroa Ayala, Janny
name: Freites, Andrea
Publisher: name: ICLAC
Year: 2024

description: Este estudio examina el caso de la Central Hidroeléctrica Rucalhue, ubicada en la región del Biobío, Chile. Inicialmente operada por Atiaia Energía Spa, una empresa brasileña, el proyecto fue posteriormente adquirido en 2018 por la empresa Rucalhue Energía Spa, propiedad de China International Water & Electric (en adelante CWE), subsidiaria de la transnacional China Three Gorges Corporation.
Large Deviations Approach to Random Recurrent Neuronal Networks: Parameter Inference and Fluctuation-Induced Transitions
Creators: name: van Meegen, Alexander
name: Kühn, Tobias
name: Helias, Moritz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We here unify the field theoretical approach to neuronal networks with large deviations theory. For a prototypical random recurrent network model with continuous-valued units, we show that the effective action is identical to the rate function and derive the latter using field theory. This rate function takes the form of a Kullback-Leibler divergence which enables data-driven inference of model parameters and calculation of fluctuations beyond mean-field theory. Lastly, we expose a regime with fluctuation-induced transitions between mean-field solutions.
description: Extension to multiple populations
Mixed algorithms in the Ising model on directed Barabasi-Albert networks
Creators: name: Lima, F. W. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: On directed Barabasi-Albert networks with two and seven neighbours selected by each added site, the Ising model does not seem to show a spontaneous magnetisation. Instead, the decay time for flipping of the magnetisation follows an Arrhenius law for Metropolis and Glauber algorithms, but for Wolff cluster flipping the magnetisation decays exponentially with time. On these networks the magnetisation behaviour of the Ising model, with Glauber, HeatBath, Metropolis, Wolf or Swendsen-Wang algorithm competing against Kawasaki dynamics, is studied by Monte Carlo simulations. We show that the model exhibits the phenomenon of self-organisation (= stationary equilibrium) when Kawasaki dynamics is not dominant in its competition with Glauber, HeatBath and Swendsen-Wang algorithms. Only for Wolff cluster flipping the magnetisation, this phenomenon occurs after an exponentially decay of magnetisation with time. The Metropolis results are independent of competition. We also study the same process of competition described above but with Kawasaki dynamics at the same temperature as the other algorithms. The obtained results are similar for Wolff cluster flipping, Metropolis and Swendsen-Wang algorithms but different for HeatBath.
description: 13 pages, including many figures, for Int. J. Mod. Phys. C 17, issue 3 (2006)
Disentangling instrumental broadening
Creators: name: Cervellino, A.
name: Giannini, C.
name: Guagliardi, A.
name: Ladisa, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new procedure aiming at disentangling the instrumental profile broadening and the relevant X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) profile shape is presented. The technique consists of three steps: denoising by means of wavelet transforms, background suppression by morphological functions and deblurring by a Lucy--Richardson damped deconvolution algorithm. Real XRPD intensity profiles of ceria samples are used to test the performances. Results show the robustness of the method and its capability of efficiently disentangling the instrumental broadening affecting the measurement of the intrinsic physical line profile. These features make the whole procedure an interesting and user-friendly tool for the pre-processing of XRPD data.
description: 9 pages, 1 table, 1 figure; typos corrected
Critical temperature of a trapped Bose gas: comparison of theory and experiment
Creators: name: Davis, Matthew J.
name: Blakie, P. Blair
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply the Projected Gross-Pitaevskii equation (PGPE) formalism to the experimental problem of the shift in critical temperature $T_c$ of a harmonically confined Bose gas as reported in Gerbier \emph{et al.} [Phys. Rev. Lett. \textbf{92}, 030405 (2004)]. The PGPE method includes critical fluctuations and we find the results differ from various mean-field theories, and are in best agreement with experimental data. To unequivocally observe beyond mean-field effects, however, the experimental precision must either improve by an order of magnitude, or consider more strongly interacting systems. This is the first application of a classical field method to make quantitative comparison with experiment.
description: revtex4, four pages, three figures. v2: updated to published version. Several additions to figures, and better explanations in text in response to referee comments
Formalism for testing theories of gravity using lensing by compact objects. II: Probing Post-Post-Newtonian metrics
Creators: name: Keeton, Charles R.
name: Petters, A. O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study gravitational lensing by compact objects in gravity theories that can be written in a Post-Post-Newtonian (PPN) framework: i.e., the metric is static and spherically symmetric, and can be written as a Taylor series in m/r, where m is the gravitational radius of the compact object. Working invariantly, we compute corrections to standard weak-deflection lensing observables at first and second order in the ratio of the angular gravitational radius to the angular Einstein ring radius of the lens. We show that the first-order corrections to the total magnification and centroid position vanish universally for gravity theories that can be written in the PPN framework. This arises from some surprising, fundamental relations among the lensing observables in PPN gravity models. We derive these relations for the image positions, magnifications, and time delays. A deep consequence is that any violation of the universal relations would signal the need for a gravity model outside the PPN framework (provided that some basic assumptions hold). In practical terms, the relations will guide observational programs to test general relativity, modified gravity theories, and possibly the Cosmic Censorship conjecture. We use the new relations to identify lensing observables that are accessible to current or near-future technology, and to find combinations of observables that are most useful for probing the spacetime metric. We give explicit applications to the Galactic black hole, microlensing, and the binary pulsar J0737-3039.
description: submitted
On the implementation of the Universal Basic Income as a response to technological unemployment
Creators: name: Nguyen, Le Dong Hai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Economics (econ.GN)
subject: General Finance (q-fin.GN)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: The effects of automation on our economy and society are more palpable than ever, with nearly half of jobs at risk of being fully executed by machines over the next decade or two. Policymakers and scholars alike have championed the Universal Basic Income (UBI) as a catch-all solution to this problem. This paper examines the shortcomings of UBI in addressing the automation-led large-scale displacement of labor by analyzing empirical data from previous UBI-comparable experiments and presenting theoretical projections that highlight disappointing impacts of UBI in the improvement of relevant living standards and employability metrics among pensioners. Finally, a recommendation shall be made for the retainment of existing means-tested welfare programs while bolstering funding and R&D for more up-to-date worker training schemes as a more effective solution to technological unemployment.
description: An early version of this paper was shortlisted by the Royal Economic Society for the Young Economist of the Year award in October 2019
The absence of efficient dual pairs of spanning trees in planar graphs
Creators: name: Riley, T. R.
name: Thurston, W. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C10, 05C12, 20F06, 57M15

description: A spanning tree T in a finite planar connected graph G determines a dual spanning tree T* in the dual graph G such that T and T* do not intersect. We show that it is not always possible to find T in G, such that the diameters of T and T* are both within a uniform multiplicative constant (independent of G) of the diameters of their ambient graphs.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures
The cohomology of Kontesevich’s stack of stable maps to Pⁿ, the case of conics
Creators: name: O’Halloran, Anne Fionnuala
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: In this thesis we consider the singular cohomology of M₀,₀(Pⁿ,2), the coarse moduli space associated to Kontsevich's stack of degree two stable maps to Pⁿ, M₀,₀(Pⁿ,2). We show that the cohomology ring is generated by a divisor d which corresponds to the locus of pairs (C,g) with C reducible, and the first and second Chern classes, c₁ and c₂, of the canonical rank three vector bundle E = π۰f0(1) on M₀,₀(Pⁿ,2), where π is the canonical projection associated to the universal curve C and f is the universal map. We give the cohomology ring as a quotient of a polynomial ring in these generators. The relations are in degrees n, n + 1 and n + 2. We also give a representation of the cohomology ring in terms of the Chern roots of E. The results are conjectural for n >> 0.
SUSY Flat Direction Decay - the prospect of particle production and preheating investigated in the unitary gauge
Creators: name: Basboll, Anders
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We look at the possibility of non-perturbative particle production after inflation from SUSY flat directions produced by rotating eigenstates thereby avoiding the standard adiabaticity conditions. This might lead to preheating and prevent the delay of thermalisation of the universe. We investigate the flat directions $LLE^c$ and $U^cD^cD^c$ and find no particle production. These 2 directions are very important, since they have been named as possible candidates for being the inflaton. We investigate $QLQLQLE^c$ and find particle production and therefore the possibility of preheating. We investigate the $LLE^c$ and $U^cD^cD^c$ directions appearing simultaneously, and find no production. Finally, we investigate $LLE^c$ and $QLD^c$ simultaneously - with one L-field in common. Here we do find particle production and therefore the possibility of preheating. This means that if SUSY flat directions are to delay thermalisation and thus explain the (lack of) gravitino production, it is necessary to explain why complicated directions as $QLQLQLE^c$ are not exited, and why combinations like $LLE^c$ and $QLD^c$ are not both exited.
description: v2: particle production also possible with 1 flat direction, $QLQLQLE^c$ v3: 2 papers added to references and included in the discussion v4: typos corrected - in line with publication
NEUROCIÊNCIA, ARQUITETURA E TRANSTORNO DO ESPECTRO AUTISTA (TEA): COMO A NEUROCIÊNCIA APLICADA À ARQUITETURA PODE CONTRIBUIR PARA A ACEITAÇÃO DO DIAGNÓSTICO DE TEA PELAS FAMÍLIAS DE INDIVÍDUOS AUTISTAS
Creators: name: Meletti Barbosa, Regina Maria
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Neurociência; Arquitetura; Autismo; Cérebro; TEA

description: Esse trabalho se propõe a discutir, através de uma revisão na literatura existente, como a Neurociência e a Ciência Cognitiva podem contribuir com o trabalho de arquitetos e designers de interiores na criação de ambientes residenciais favoráveis à integração do autista à sua família. O número de diagnósticos de autismo em crianças vem crescendo provavelmente porque agora o conhecimento sobre o transtorno é maior e mais divulgado. Segundo a última estatística do CDC (Centro de Controle e Prevenção de Doenças, 2020), 1 em cada 36 crianças até 8 anos de idade é diagnosticado com autismo, nos EUA. E, acredita-se ter mais de 70 milhões de pessoas com autismo no mundo (ONU, 2022). Apesar desses números quase epidêmicos, poucos ou nenhum código e diretriz de construção incluem autismo em suas discussões sobre acessibilidade, inclusão e design universal (Mostafa, 2008). E, ainda é muito difícil receber e aceitar o diagnóstico por parte dos familiares do indivíduo autista. O fato é que o ambiente familiar é o primeiro nível social a que o autista é exposto, e também onde ele sofrerá o primeiro preconceito, seja por falta de informação, por despreparo, por vergonha, negação ou desespero. A harmonia do ambiente familiar é necessária para que todos os membros possam usufruir os benefícios de um lar sensorialmente agradável, possibilitando ter sua saúde preservada e dessa forma poder ter disponibilidade de contribuir no auxílio ao indivíduo autista, nas suas crises sensoriais, na sua adaptação ao espaço e às pessoas ao seu redor.
"Electrolytes"/"The Relaxation effects in mixed strong electrolytes" (no. [45])18/MS, "Transport processes in strong electrolytes", 1973? SM/"A correction to the Poisson-Boltzmann equation for unsymmetrical electrolytes" (no. [63]).
Creators: name: Onsager, Lars
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 0

description: Tidligere referanse: 6:36
Superstatistics Based on the Microcanonical Ensemble
Creators: name: Vignat, C.
name: Plastino, A.
name: Plastino, A. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Superstatistics is a "statistics" of "canonical-ensemble statistics". In analogy, we consider here a similar theoretical construct, but based upon the microcanonical ensemble. The mixing parameter is not the temperature but the index q associated with the non-extensive, power law entropy Sq.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures
Adiabatic formation of bound states in the 1d Bose gas
Creators: name: Koch, Rebekka
name: Bastianello, Alvise
name: Caux, Jean-Sébastien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the 1d interacting Bose gas in the presence of time-dependent and spatially inhomogeneous contact interactions. Within its attractive phase, the gas allows for bound states of an arbitrary number of particles, which are eventually populated if the system is dynamically driven from the repulsive to the attractive regime. Building on the framework of Generalized Hydrodynamics, we analytically determine the formation of bound states in the limit of adiabatic changes in the interactions. Our results are valid for arbitrary initial thermal states and, more generally, Generalized Gibbs Ensembles.
description: 13 pages, 2 figures
3-mode detection for widening the bandwidth of resonant gravitational wave detectors
Creators: name: Baggio, L.
name: Bignotto, M.
name: Bonaldi, M.
name: Cerdonio, M.
name: Conti, L.
name: Falferi, P.
name: Liguori, N.
name: Marin, A.
name: Mezzena, R.
name: Ortolan, A.
name: Poggi, S.
name: Prodi, G. A.
name: Salemi, F.
name: Soranzo, G.
name: Taffarello, L.
name: Vedovato, G.
name: Vinante, A.
name: Vitale, S.
name: Zendri, J. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have implemented a novel scheme of signal readout for resonant gravitational wave detectors. For the first time, a capacitive resonant transducer has been matched to the signal amplifier by means of a tuned high Q electrical resonator. The resulting 3-mode detection scheme widens significantly the bandwidth of the detector. We present here the results achieved by this signal readout equipped with a two-stage SQUID amplifier. Once installed on the AURIGA detector, the one-sided spectral sensitivity obtained with the detector operated at 4.5 K is better than 10^-20 Hz^-1/2 over 110 Hz and in good agreement with the expectations.
description: 17 pages, 4 figures
Robust multi-stage model-based design of optimal experiments for nonlinear estimation
Creators: name: Mukkula, Anwesh Reddy Gottu
name: Mateáš, Michal
name: Fikar, Miroslav
name: Paulen, Radoslav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study approaches to robust model-based design of experiments in the context of maximum-likelihood estimation. These approaches provide robustification of model-based methodologies for the design of optimal experiments by accounting for the effect of the parametric uncertainty. We study the problem of robust optimal design of experiments in the framework of nonlinear least-squares parameter estimation using linearized confidence regions. We investigate several well-known robustification frameworks in this respect and propose a novel methodology based on multi-stage robust optimization. The proposed methodology aims at problems, where the experiments are designed sequentially with a possibility of re-estimation in-between the experiments. The multi-stage formalism aids in identifying experiments that are better conducted in the early phase of experimentation, where parameter knowledge is poor. We demonstrate the findings and effectiveness of the proposed methodology using four case studies of varying complexity.
Deformations of nilpotent cones and Springer correspondences
Creators: name: Kato, Syu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let G = Sp (2n) be the symplectic group over Z. We present a certain kind of deformation of the nilpotent cone of G with G-action. This enables us to make direct links between the Springer correspondence of sp_{2n} over C, that over characteristic two, and our exotic Springer correspondence. As a by-product, we obtain a complete description of our exotic Springer correspondence.
description: v6. 30pp, fixed 7.8 2) and 10.3 (v5), corrected typos, changed affiliation, and added thanks to Midori, to appear in Amer. J. Math..
More about soft terms and FCNC in realistic string constructions
Creators: name: Kobayashi, Tatsuo
name: Munoz, Carlos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In realistic four-dimensional string constructions the presence of anomalous U(1)'s is generic. In addition, the associated Fayet-Iliopoulos contribution to the D-term can break the extra gauge symmetries. As a consequence, physical particles can appear combined with other states. We show that even if a three-generation standard-like model has originally flavour-independent soft scalar masses, the particle mixing contribution may generate non-universality among them. Thus FCNC effects which were apparently absent reappear. We also discuss the size of these contributions in an explicit model, and how they can be suppressed.
description: 14 pages, latex. Misprints corrected
"[Joseph F.] Malerba"/ freezing potential/ Malerba MS/ALS (copy), Joseph Hubbard to Onsager, 1976 June 25. Gross et al. (preprints). Onsager to J.F. Malerba, 1973, Nov. 8.
Creators: name: Onsager, Lars
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 0

description: Tidligere referanse: 6:39
Generalized structures of N=1 vacua
Creators: name: Graña, Mariana
name: Minasian, Ruben
name: Petrini, Michela
name: Tomasiello, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We characterize N=1 vacua of type II theories in terms of generalized complex structure on the internal manifold M. The structure group of T(M) + T*(M) being SU(3) x SU(3) implies the existence of two pure spinors Phi_1 and Phi_2. The conditions for preserving N=1 supersymmetry turn out to be simple generalizations of equations that have appeared in the context of N=2 and topological strings. They are (d + H wedge) Phi_1=0 and (d + H wedge) Phi_2 = F_RR. The equation for the first pure spinor implies that the internal space is a twisted generalized Calabi-Yau manifold of a hybrid complex-symplectic type, while the RR-fields serve as an integrability defect for the second.
description: 21 pages. v2, v3: minor changes and corrections
Effects of black hole's gravitational field on the luminosity of a star during close encounter
Creators: name: Gomboc, Andreja
name: Cadez, Andrej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To complement hydrodynamic studies of the tidal disruption of the star by a massive black hole, we present the study of stellar luminosity and its variations, produced by the strong gravitational field of the black hole during a close encounter. By simulating the relativistically moving star and its emitted light and taking into account general relativistic effects on particle and light trajectories, our results show that the black hole's gravity alone induces apparent stellar luminosity variations on typical timescales of a few r_g/c (=5 sec m_bh/10^6 M_\odot) to a few 100 r_g/c (\sim 10 min m_bh/10^6 M_\odot), where r_g=Gm_bh/c^2. We discern different cases with respect to the strength of tidal interaction and focus on two: a) a star encountering a giant black hole traces space-time almost as a point particle, so that the apparent luminosity variations are dominated by clearly recognizable general relativistic effects and b) in a close encounter of a star with a black hole of similar size the stellar debris is spread about the black hole by processes where hydrodynamics plays an important role. We discuss limitations and results of our approach.
description: 28 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ (movies and full resolution figures available at http://www.fmf.uni-lj.si/~gomboc)
Hollenweger, Walther J., Kirche, Benzin und Bohnensuppe
Creators: name: Motel, Hans-Beat
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 21 Nr. 3 (1972): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 21, Heft 3
Study of the branching ratio and charge asymmetry for the decay Ks->pi e nu with the KLOE detector
Creators: name: The KLOE Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Among some 400 million KsKl pairs produced in e+e- annihilations at DAFNE, about 6500 each of Ks->pi+e-nubar and Ks->pi-e+nu decays have been observed with the KLOE detector. From these, the ratio G(Ks->pienu)/G(Ks->p+p-(g))=(10.19+-0.13)10-4 is obtained, improving the accuracy on BR(Ks->pienu) by a factor of four and providing the most precise test of the DeltaS=DeltaQ rule. From the partial width Gamma(Ks->pienu), a value for f+(K0)Vus is obtained that is in agreement with unitarity of the quark-mixing matrix. The lepton charge asymmetry AS=(1.5+-9.6stat+-2.9syst)10-3 is compatible with the requirements of CPT invariance. The form-factor slope agrees with recent results from semileptonic Kl and K+ decays. These are the first measurements of the charge asymmetry and form-factor slope for semileptonic Ks decays.
description: 20 pages, 5 figures, accepted by Phys. Lett. B
Verifying computer solutions to discrete-time dynamical systems
Creators: name: Urminsky, David John
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Chaotic dynamical systems exhibit sensitive dependence on initial conditions. Round-off errors introduced in computer simulations may cause a computed orbit to quickly diverge from the true orbit. One may therefore question the validity of these computations. Shadowing provides a means for studying the validity of a computation. If we are able to show that a true solution with a different initial condition, called a shadowing orbit, stays close to a computed solution, which we call a pseudo-orbit, then perhaps the computed solution has some validity. We will investigate two methods for proving the existence of a shadowing orbit. The first method comes from two theorems by Chow and Palmer. These theorems provide us with sufficient conditions for when a pseudo-orbit is shadowed by a true orbit and provide us with a bound on the shadowing distance of a true orbit. The second method is by Grebogi, Hammel, Yorke and Sauer. Their method contains a pseudo-orbit in a carefully constructed sequence of parallelograms which helps to prove the existence of a shadowing orbit. These two methods will then be used to prove the existence of a shadowing orbit for examples in one and two dimensions. Finally we will discuss a refinement technique which takes a 'noisy' orbit and produces a less 'noisy' orbit which shadows the original orbit. This technique will then be applied to some examples to find a numerical shadow for a pseudo-orbit.
Unobservable causal loops as a way to explain both the quantum computational speedup and quantum nonlocality
Creators: name: Castagnoli, Giuseppe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the reversible processes between two one-to-one correlated measurement outcomes which underly both problem-solving and quantum nonlocality. In the former case the two outcomes are the setting and the solution of the problem, in the latter those of measuring a pair of maximally entangled observables whose subsystems are space separate. We argue that the quantum description of these processes mathematically describes the correlation but leaves the causal structure that physically ensures it free, also of violating the time-symmetry required of the description of a reversible process. It would therefore be incomplete and could be completed by time-symmetrizing it. This is done by assuming that the two measurements evenly contribute to selecting the pair of correlated measurement outcomes. Time-symmetrization leaves the ordinary quantum description unaltered but shows that it is the quantum superposition of unobservable time-symmetrization instances whose causal structure is completely defined. Each instance is a causal loop: causation goes from the initial to the final measurement outcome and then back from the final to the initial outcome. In the speedup, all is as if the problem solver knew in advance half of the information about the solution she will produce in the future and could use this knowledge to produce the solution with fewer computation steps. In nonlocality, the measurement on either subsystem retrocausally and locally changes the state of both subsystems when the two were not yet spatially separate. This locally causes the correlation between the two future measurement outcomes.
description: 31 pages, entirely rewritten after the Editor and Referees' comments and suggestions. Published in Phys. Rev. A
Corrections to the Nonrelativistic Ground Energy of a Helium Atom
Creators: name: Duan, Yi-Shi
name: Liu, Yu-Xiao
name: Zhang, Li-Jie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Considering the nuclear motion, the authors give out the nonrelativistic ground energy of a helium atom by using a simple but effective variational wave function with a flexible parameter $k$. Based on this result, the relativistic and radiative corrections to the nonrelativistic Hamiltonian are discussed. The high precision value of the helium ground energy is evaluated to be -2.90338 a.u., and the relative error is 0.00034%.
description: 8 pages, no figures, 2 tables
Bipartite quantum measurements with optimal single-sided distinguishability
Creators: name: Czartowski, Jakub
name: Życzkowski, Karol
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyse orthogonal bases in a composite $N\times N$ Hilbert space describing a bipartite quantum system and look for a basis with optimal single-sided mutual state distinguishability. This condition implies that in each subsystem the $N^2$ reduced states form a regular simplex of a maximal edge length, defined with respect to the trace distance. In the case $N=2$ of a two-qubit system our solution coincides with the elegant joint measurement introduced by Gisin. We derive explicit expressions of an analogous constellation for $N=3$ and provide a general construction of $N^2$ states forming such an optimal basis in ${\cal H}_N \otimes {\cal H}_N$. Our construction is valid for all dimensions for which a symmetric informationally complete (SIC) generalized measurement is known. Furthermore, we show that the one-party measurement that distinguishes the states of an optimal basis of the composite system leads to a local quantum state tomography with a linear reconstruction formula. Finally, we test the introduced tomographical scheme on a complete set of three mutually unbiased bases for a single qubit using two different IBM machines.
description: 14 + 9 pages, 9 figures
Classical Region of a Trapped Bose Gas
Creators: name: Blakie, P. Blair
name: Davis, Matthew J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The classical region of a Bose gas consists of all single-particle modes that have a high average occupation and are well-described by a classical field. Highly-occupied modes only occur in massive Bose gases at ultra-cold temperatures, in contrast to the photon case where there are highly-occupied modes at all temperatures. For the Bose gas the number of these modes is dependent on the temperature, the total number of particles and their interaction strength. In this paper we characterize the classical region of a harmonically trapped Bose gas over a wide parameter regime. We use a Hartree-Fock approach to account for the effects of interactions, which we observe to significantly change the classical region as compared to the idealized case. We compare our results to full classical field calculations and show that the Hartree-Fock approach provides a qualitatively accurate description of classical region for the interacting gas.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures; updated to include new results with interactions
Schmidt, Jürgen, Martin Niemöller im Kirchenkampf
Creators: name: Müller-Römheld, Walter
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 21 Nr. 3 (1972): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 21, Heft 3
A time-dependent energy-momentum method
Creators: name: de Lucas, J.
name: Zawora, B. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 2010: 34A26, 34A05, 34A34 (primary) 70H05, 70H14 (secondary)

description: We devise a generalisation of the energy momentum-method for studying the stability of non-autonomous Hamiltonian systems with a Lie group of Hamiltonian symmetries. A generalisation of the relative equilibrium point notion to a non-autonomous realm is provided and studied. Relative equilibrium points of non-autonomous Hamiltonian systems are described via foliated Lie systems, which opens a new field of application of such differential equations. We reduce non-autonomous Hamiltonian systems via the Marsden-Weinstein theorem and we provide conditions ensuring the stability of the projection of relative equilibrium points to the reduced space. As an application, we study the stability of relative equilibrium points for a class of mechanical systems, which covers rigid bodies as a particular instance.
description: 35 pages
Where Are You? Localization from Embodied Dialog
Creators: name: Hahn, Meera
name: Krantz, Jacob
name: Batra, Dhruv
name: Parikh, Devi
name: Rehg, James M.
name: Lee, Stefan
name: Anderson, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present Where Are You? (WAY), a dataset of ~6k dialogs in which two humans -- an Observer and a Locator -- complete a cooperative localization task. The Observer is spawned at random in a 3D environment and can navigate from first-person views while answering questions from the Locator. The Locator must localize the Observer in a detailed top-down map by asking questions and giving instructions. Based on this dataset, we define three challenging tasks: Localization from Embodied Dialog or LED (localizing the Observer from dialog history), Embodied Visual Dialog (modeling the Observer), and Cooperative Localization (modeling both agents). In this paper, we focus on the LED task -- providing a strong baseline model with detailed ablations characterizing both dataset biases and the importance of various modeling choices. Our best model achieves 32.7% success at identifying the Observer's location within 3m in unseen buildings, vs. 70.4% for human Locators.
QCD Factorization and Rare B Meson Decays
Creators: name: Du, Dongsheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Some recent progress in China in the study of charmless B decays with QCD factorization is reviewed. Chirally enhanced power corrections and infrared divergence problem are stressed.
description: 6 pages, 1 figure, 1 table; one footnote is added; Plenary talk given at the International conference on QCD and hadronic physics, June, 16-20, 2005, Beijing, China
Batch Exploration with Examples for Scalable Robotic Reinforcement Learning
Creators: name: Chen, Annie S.
name: Nam, HyunJi
name: Nair, Suraj
name: Finn, Chelsea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Learning from diverse offline datasets is a promising path towards learning general purpose robotic agents. However, a core challenge in this paradigm lies in collecting large amounts of meaningful data, while not depending on a human in the loop for data collection. One way to address this challenge is through task-agnostic exploration, where an agent attempts to explore without a task-specific reward function, and collect data that can be useful for any downstream task. While these approaches have shown some promise in simple domains, they often struggle to explore the relevant regions of the state space in more challenging settings, such as vision based robotic manipulation. This challenge stems from an objective that encourages exploring everything in a potentially vast state space. To mitigate this challenge, we propose to focus exploration on the important parts of the state space using weak human supervision. Concretely, we propose an exploration technique, Batch Exploration with Examples (BEE), that explores relevant regions of the state-space, guided by a modest number of human provided images of important states. These human provided images only need to be collected once at the beginning of data collection and can be collected in a matter of minutes, allowing us to scalably collect diverse datasets, which can then be combined with any batch RL algorithm. We find that BEE is able to tackle challenging vision-based manipulation tasks both in simulation and on a real Franka robot, and observe that compared to task-agnostic and weakly-supervised exploration techniques, it (1) interacts more than twice as often with relevant objects, and (2) improves downstream task performance when used in conjunction with offline RL.
description: 11 Pages, 11 Figures