cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Comment on "Ambiguities in the Up-Quark Mass"
Creators: name: Srednicki, Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Creutz [hep-ph/0312225] has argued that nonperturbative effects in QCD lead to an additive ambiguity in the up quark mass, and that "this calls into question the acceptability of attempts to solve the strong CP problem via a vanishing mass for the lightest quark." We show that if the determinant of the light quark mass matrix vanishes at any scale, then it is real at all scales.
description: 1 page; v2 is the published version
A Physical Background Model for the Fermi Gamma-ray Burst Monitor
Creators: name: Biltzinger, Björn
name: Kunzweiler, Felix
name: Greiner, Jochen
name: Toelge, Kilian
name: Burgess, J. Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first physically motivated background model for the Gamma-Ray Burst Monitor (GBM) onboard the Fermi satellite. Such a physically motivated background model has the potential to significantly improve the scientific output of Fermi/GBM, as it can be used to improve the background estimate for spectral analysis and localization of Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) and other sources. Additionally, it can also lead to detections of new transient events, since long/weak or slowly rising ones do not activate one of the existing trigger algorithms. In this paper we show the derivation of such a physically motivated background model, which includes the modeling of the different background sources and the correct handling of the response of GBM. While the goal of the paper is to introduce the model rather than developing a transient search algorithm, we demonstrate the ability of the model to fit the background seen by GBM by showing four applications, namely (1) for a canonical GRB, (2) for the ultra-long GRB 091024, (3) for the V404 Cygni outburst in June 2015, and (4) the ultra-long GRB 130925A.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A, 15 pages, 22 figures
Vancouver, B.C., 1890
Creators: name: Provincial Archives Of British Columbia
Publisher: name: Victoria : Provincial Archives
Year: 2015

description: "Courtesy of Map Division, British Columbia Provincial Archives."

Holiday supplement to the "Vancouver Daily and Weekly World".

Drawings of 38 city buildings in margins of map.

Includes index to points of interest.
A relativistically covariant version of Bohm's quantum field theory for the scalar field
Creators: name: Horton, George
name: Dewdney, Chris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We give a relativistically covariant, wave-functional formulation of Bohm's quantum field theory for the scalar field based on a general foliation of space-time by space-like hypersurfaces. The wave functional, which guides the evolution of the field, is space-time-foliation independent but the field itself is not. Hence, in order to have a theory in which the field may be considered a beable, some extra rule must be given to determine the foliation. We suggest one such rule based on the eigen vectors of the energy-momentum tensor of the field itself.
description: 1 figure. Submitted to J Phys A. 20/05/04 replacement has additional references and a few minor changes made for clarity. Accepted by J Phys A
O CULTIVO IRRIGADO DO MARACUJAZEIRO EM REGIÕES ÚMIDAS: UMA ANÁLISE FINANCEIRA
Creators: name: Aredes, Alan Figueiredo De
name: Pereira, Matheus Wemerson Gomes
name: Maciel, Marilia Fernandes
name: Rufino, Jose Luiz Dos Santos
name: Aredes, Alan Figueiredo De
name: Pereira, Matheus Wemerson Gomes
name: Maciel, Marilia Fernandes
name: Rufino, Jose Luiz Dos Santos
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Maracujá
subject: viabilidade financeira
subject: Paulínia

description: Este artigo objetivou analisar a rentabilidade financeira da irrigação do maracujazeiro em comparação à cultura não-irrigada em regiões úmidas, com índices pluviométricos favoráveis à produção. Para isso, obteve-se o fluxo de caixa para o cultivo do maracujazeiro não-irrigado e irrigado, sendo calculados os indicadores financeiros Custo Médio de Produção, Valor Presente Líquido, Taxa Interna de Retorno, Taxa Interna de Retorno Modificada e Benefício-Custo. Para completar a análise foi realizada ainda a mensuração do risco pelo método de Monte Carlo. De acordo com os indicadores de rentabilidade financeira, mesmo em regiões úmidas, a irrigação do maracujazeiro, além de proporcionar maiores retornos, ainda reduz o nível de risco da atividade.
Additional file 5 of Lipopolysaccharide- TLR-4 Axis regulates Osteoclastogenesis independent of RANKL/RANK signaling
Creators: name: AlQranei, Mohammed S.
name: Senbanjo, Linda T.
name: Aljohani, Hanan
name: Therwa Hamza
name: Chellaiah, Meenakshi A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 5: Figure S5. Analysis of the RANK expression in LPS- and RANKL - mediated osteoclastogenesis. Uncropped raw data for the immunoblotting analyses shown in Fig. 2a are provided.
The relationship between parental use of corporal punishment and childhoood self-esteem
Creators: name: Abele, Megan R.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This study examines the relationship between parental use of corporal punishment and childhood self-esteem. 7, 504 children between the ages of 4 and 9 years were chosen as subjects from Cycle 2 of the Canadian National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth (NLSCY). Results found a small but significant negative relationship between the variables. Parental use of corporal punishment is associated with a lower level of self-esteem for children. Religiosity, SES, gender and parental warmth and support are all used as control variables. The significant relationship between parental use of corporal punishment and childhood self-esteem holds while controlling for all four variables. Both gender and parental warmth and support are tested as moderators between the independent and dependent variables, however, their relationship is weak. Evidence from this study contradicts one of the main arguments put forth by defenders of corporal punishment that high parental warmth and support buffers children against the negative effects of corporal punishment. The research also contributes to the current gap that exists in the literature on the association between corporal punishment and internalizing childhood outcomes.
A EVOLUÇÃO DA AGROINDÚSTRIA CANAVIEIRA E OS MERCADOS DE AÇÚCAR E DE ÁLCOOL CARBURANTE NO BRASIL: A NECESSIDADE DE PLANEJAMENTO E CONTROLE
Creators: name: Ramos, Pedro
name: Ramos, Pedro
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Brasil
subject: mercados
subject: açúcar
subject: álcool
subject: planejamento
subject: Brazil
subject: markets
subject: sugar
subject: alcohol
subject: planning

description: O texto analisa o surgimento e evolução do mercado de álcool carburante no Brasil, destacando seu elo com a trajetória do mercado interno e exportações de açúcar. Mostra que durante muito tempo tais mercados foram marcados pela ação planejadora por parte do órgão estatal (o IAA/Instituto do Açúcar e do Álcool) criado em 1933, e que o enfraquecimento de tal incumbência quando do advento do Proálcool em 1975 foi seguido do esvaziamento de outras atribuições do órgão entre 1985 e 1990, quando foi extinto. Destaca o comportamento da mistura de álcool anidro à gasolina, o ufanismo quanto à possibilidade de substituição do consumo de gasolina pelo de álcool hidratado, a crise de abastecimento deste álcool em 1989/90 e o problema decorrente da possibilidade de atitude oportunista dada pelo fácil redirecionamento do esmagamento de cana para a obtenção de açúcar ou de álcool. Finalmente, observa que novas crises (de super-produção ou de desabastecimento) podem ocorrer em função do advento do carro flex fuel e das crescentes e instáveis exportações dos dois bens, o que recomenda a retomada de uma ação de controle e planejamento por parte do Estado.--------------------------------------------- The text analyzes the appearance and evolution of the market of alcohol fuel in Brazil, detaching your link with the internal market and exportations of sugar. It shows that for a long time this markets were marked by the action planner by state's organ (the IAA/Instituto of the Sugar and Alcohol) created in 1933, and that the weakness of this incumbency when of the advent of Proálcool in 1975 was followed by the emptying of other attributions of the organ between 1985 and 1990, when it was extinct. It detaches the behavior of the mixture of alcohol anidro with the gasoline, the excessive optimism with the possibility of the substitution of the consumption of gasoline for the of alcohol hydrous, the crisis of provisioning of this alcohol in 1989/90 and the problem decurrent of the opportunist attitude possibility by easy alternation of to compress sugar cane for the obtaining of sugar or alcohol. Finally, it observes that new crises (of super-production or of insufficent supply) can happen in function of the advent of the flex fuel car and of the crescents and unstables exportations of the two products, what recommends the retaking of a control and planning action by State.
title: An EEG- and ERP-based image ranking application
Creators: name: Adelberger, Patrick
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: EEG
subject: BCI
subject: Event-Related Potential
subject: P300
subject: Interstimulus Interval

description: An electroencephalogram (EEG) is a measurement to record the electrical potentials in the brain, also referred to as brain activity. For some time now, researchers use this EEG signal to create a brain-computer interfaces (BCI), which allows users to manipulate the computer just with their thoughts. This application ranks images of a picture set via their elicit responses in the EEG signal. The goal of this thesis is to check the functionality of the image ranking application with 2 different BCI devices and optimize the application run for image ranking. The first part includes criteria about signal processing, e.g. sample rate. Here, the timing in which the EEG signal is sampled and sent to the application is analysed. After, the reliability of the recorded EEG signal the interstimulus interval (ISI) can be optimized. The ISI consist of three parameters: the time an image is displayed on the screen, the time between two images and the number of times each image (flashes) has to be shown. This three parameters have to be tuned in a way that the accuracy is increased and the time for one application run is decreased. Additionally, a ranking with different subjects should be created to depict if certain images are always ranked in the first few positions and are independent of the subject. The results show that the interaction between application and the two BCI devices work as expected, short of some minor issues. Thus, the applicability of the application was given and the tuning of the ISI parameters could be started. For the ISI the best accuracy was achieved when the images were displayed on the screen for 100 ms and 75 ms was used between two images. Furthermore, each image was flashed 20 or 5 times for the classifier or ranking, respectively. For the group rankings, the results indicated, that images of faces rank in average higher than the rest. Finally, the median of all rankings for one image should be used as the ranking parameter.
Bounding the l_2 sensitivity for positive linear observers
Creators: name: McGlinchey, Aisling
name: Mason, Oliver
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: We consider the design of differentially private Luenberger observers for positive linear systems. In particular, we derive a bound for the $l_2$ sensitivity of Luenberger observers, which is used to quantify the noise required to achieve relaxed differential privacy via the Gaussian mechanism. An approach to minimise this bound for positive observers is described and several bounds relevant to this problem are derived.
description: Presented at European Control Conference 2018, Limassol, Cyprus
Long-lived states of oscillator chain with dynamical traps
Creators: name: Lubashevsky, Ihor
name: Mahnke, Reinhard
name: Hajimahmoodzadeh, Morteza
name: Katsnelson, Albert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A simple model of oscillator chain with dynamical traps and additive white noise is considered. Its dynamics was studied numerically. As demonstrated, when the trap effect is pronounced nonequilibrium phase transitions of a new type arise. Locally they manifest themselves via distortion of the particle arrangement symmetry. Depending on the system parameters the particle arrangement is characterized by the corresponding distributions taking either a bimodal form, or twoscale one, or unimodal onescale form which, however, deviates substantially from the Gaussian distribution. The individual particle velocities exhibit also a number of anomalies, in particular, their distribution can be extremely wide or take a quasi-cusp form. A large number of different cooperative structures and superstructures made of these formations are found in the visualized time patterns. Their evolution is, in some sense, independent of the individual particle dynamics, enabling us to regard them as dynamical phases.
description: 8 pages, 5 figurs, TeX style of European Physical Journal
Large-scale patterns of insect and disease activity in the conterminous United States and Alaska from the national insect and disease survey, 2012
Creators: name: Potter, Kevin
name: Paschke, Jeanine
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 70505 Forestry Pests, Health and Diseases
subject: FOS: Agriculture, forestry and fisheries

description: Potter, K.M., and J.L. Paschke. 2015. Large-scale patterns of insect and disease activity in the conterminous United States and Alaska from the national insect and disease survey, 2012. Chapter 2 in K.M. Potter and B.L. Conkling, eds., Forest Health Monitoring: National Status, Trends and Analysis, 2013. General Technical Report SRS-207. Asheville, North Carolina: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Research Station. pp. 19-36.

Monitoring the occurrence of forest pest and pathogen outbreaks is important at regional scales because of the significant impact insects and disease can have on forest health across landscapes. National insect and disease survey data collected in 2012 by the Forest Health Protection Program of the Forest Service identified 82 different mortality-causing agents and complexes on 1.67 million ha in the conterminous United States, and 81 defoliating agents and complexes on approximately 3.64 million ha. Geographic hot spots of forest mortality were associated with mountain pine beetle in the West. Hot spots of defoliation were associated with western spruce budworm, aspen defoliation, pine butterfly, and larch needle cast in the West, and with fall cankerworm in the East. Mortality was recorded on a very small proportion of the surveyed area in Alaska, while aspen leafminer and willow leaf blotchminer were the most important identified agents of defoliation.
LES FACTEURS FAVORISANT L'UNIFICATION MONETAIRE DE LA CEDEAO
Creators: name: GUINDO Laya Amadou
name: BALLO Issa
name: BERTHE Soungalo
name: Etienne Fakaba SISSOKO
name: Sékou DIAKITE
name: Madjouma KONE
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Le but de cette recherche est d’appréhender les raisons monétaires (puisque c’est de la monnaie dont il est question avant tout), qui poussent les Etats membres de la CEDEAO non seulement à abandonner les orientations monétaires qu’ils suivaient jusque-là mais surtout à vouloir lier leur destin monétaire dans une union. Pour atteindre ce but, les trajectoires monétaires suivies respectivement par les pays donnent lieu à certains constats. Pour la rédaction de ce manuscrit, nous avons utilisé la méthode qualitative. Pour les données, nous avons utilisé la revue documentaire et l’utilisation des données secondaires. Les principaux résultats obtenus font état d’une certaine volonté politique de maintenir aux rangs des priorités l’unification monétaire. Des efforts non suffisants sont en train d’être mené pour sa concrétisation.
Additional file 7 of Lipopolysaccharide- TLR-4 Axis regulates Osteoclastogenesis independent of RANKL/RANK signaling
Creators: name: AlQranei, Mohammed S.
name: Senbanjo, Linda T.
name: Aljohani, Hanan
name: Therwa Hamza
name: Chellaiah, Meenakshi A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 7: Figure S7. Immunoblotting analysis of membrane levels of TNFR-1 (panel A) and TNFR-2 in response to RANKL (R) and LPS-treatment. Uncropped raw data for the immunoblotting analyses shown in Fig. 5A for the membrane (surface) levels of TNFR-1 (A) and TNFR-2 (B) are provided. White rectangle in A indicates the TNFR1 protein band (~55kDa) and red rectangle in B panel 1) indicate the TNFR-2 (~68kDa) protein band of interest. Four blots for TNFR-1 (A) and three blots for TNFR-2 (B) are shown. TNFR-1 and TNFR-2 bands were scanned in Un-Scan-IT software and provided as percent surface levels in (Fig. 5C and D) in the manuscript. (C) Immunoblotting analysis of membrane levels of TNFR-1 and TNFR-2 in cells treated with LPS and LPS/anti-TNF-α. Uncropped raw data (Two autoradiogram for each experiment) of the immunoblotting analyses shown in Fig. 5B are provided. Blots were scanned and fold change in the levels of TNFR-1 and TNFR-2 are provided in (Fig. 5C-H) in the manuscript. The red rectangle in panel 3 (top) indicate the TNFR-2 (~68kDa) protein band. TNFR1 and TNFR-2 bands were scanned and provided as fold change in the surface levels in (Fig. 5 E-H) in the manuscript.
IMPACTS OF DOHA ROUND ON THE AGRIBUSINESS OF BRAZIL, CHINA AND INDIA
Creators: name: Pereira, Matheus Wemerson Gomes
name: Teixeira, Erly Cardoso
name: Razap-Skorbiansky, Sharon
name: Pereira, Matheus Wemerson Gomes
name: Teixeira, Erly Cardoso
name: Razap-Skorbiansky, Sharon
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: agricultural products
subject: trade liberalization
subject: Doha Round
subject: G-20
subject: GTAP

description: The central themes to be addressed during the Doha Round of world trade negotiations are the reduction of the agricultural production and export subsidies, and improved market access for agricultural and non-agricultural goods. The G-20 group wields enough power to press negotiations at the Doha Round toward lower agricultural trade barriers and production and exports subsidies. The objective of this study is to determine the impacts of four possible Doha Round scenarios on the economies of Brazil, China, and India. The scenarios are examined using the Global Trade Analysis Project’s (GTAP) general equilibrium model and database. Scenarios focusing on the reduction of agricultural production and export subsidies are studied. The scenarios are then analyzed taking into account implementation of the Harbinson approach and the Swiss formula to tariff reduction. The best results obtained by Brazil, China, and India are those from the Scenario 4. In this scenario, WTO recommendations for agricultural production and export subsidies reduction are simulated and, at the same time, the Girard formula is applied to reduce agricultural import tariff and an average tariff cut is applied to manufactured products. Changes in GDP growth rate, in the per capita utility, and in the equivalent variation are higher under this scenario for Brazil, China, and India. The losses, due to low competitivity, by the EU15 and the US in the agricultural products in all analyzed scenarios are making it difficult to reach an agreement at the Doha Round of negotiations.
Moonbathing : a night park for Sea Island
Creators: name: Amaya, Hanako
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The public park at night is recognized as a dangerous place in many urban cities in the world. This view overlooks countless opportunities for community development, appreciation of nature within urban context, and enrichment of public space through the phenomenology of night. This project reviews possibilities of introducing night activities to the public park, and rethinks active public space at night. The goal of this project is to introduce night use of a public park that is accessible from an urban setting.
Optical spatial differentiation with suspended subwavelength gratings
Creators: name: Parthenopoulos, Alexios
name: Darki, Ali Akbar
name: Jeppesen, Bjarke R.
name: Dantan, Aurélien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate first- and second-order spatial differentiation of an optical beam transverse profile using thin suspended subwavelength gratings. Highly reflective one-dimensional gratings are patterned on suspended 200 nm-thick silicon nitride membranes using Electron Beam Lithography and plasma etching. The optical transmission of these gratings, designed for illumination with either TM or TE polarized light, are experimentally measured under normal and oblique incidence and found to be in excellent agreement with the predictions of an analytical coupled-mode model as well as Rigorous Coupled Wave Analysis numerical simulations. High quality first- and second-order spatial differentiation of a Gaussian beam are observed in transmission at oblique and normal incidence, respectively. Such easy-to-fabricate, ultrathin and loss-free optical components may be attractive for beam shaping and optical information processing and computing.
RESPONSABILIDADE SOCIAL NO AGRONEGÓCIO COOPERATIVO: O CASO DA COOPERATIVA AGRÍCOLA CONSOLATA
Creators: name: Nishigawa, Karina Sayuri
name: Gimenes, Fatima Pegorini
name: Gimenes, Regio Marcio Toesca
name: Nishigawa, Karina Sayuri
name: Gimenes, Fatima Pegorini
name: Gimenes, Regio Marcio Toesca
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Responsabilidade Social
subject: Agronegócio
subject: Cooperativismo
subject: Social Responsability
subject: Agribusiness
subject: Cooperatives

description: A destruição do meio ambiente, o desemprego e a negligência para com a sociedade fizeram com que o mundo empresarial passasse a encarar a responsabilidade social como uma nova estratégia para potencializar seu desenvolvimento a longo prazo. Neste sentido, os princípios cooperativistas abrangidos por adesão livre; distribuição das sobras líquidas; gestão democrática; promoção da educação; taxa limitada de juros ao capital social; e a cooperação entre as cooperativas, denotam a expressiva inserção da responsabilidade social junto às cooperativas. Este artigo procura analisar a origem e a evolução do conceito de responsabilidade social. Trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva, onde se caracteriza a importância da responsabilidade social para o crescimento sustentável do espaço rural. Ao finalizar, evidencia-se através de um estudo de caso a Cooperativa Agrícola Consolata como uma organização socialmente responsável.--------------------------------------------The destruction of the environment, the unemployment and the recklessness to the society had made that the entrepreneurial world started facing the social responsibility as a new strategy to raise the power of its development on a long-term. In this direction, the cooperative principles enclosed by free adhesion; distribution of the liquid surplus; democratic management; promotion of the education; limited tax of interests to the social capital stock; and the cooperation between the cooperatives, denotes the expressive insertion of the social responsibility along the cooperatives. This article aims to analyze the origin and the evolution of the social responsibility concept. It is about a descriptive research, where it characterizes the importance of the social responsibility for the sustainable growth of the agricultural space. When finishing, the Agricultural Cooperative Consolata proves itself through a study case as a socially responsible organization.
Gravity on codimension 2 brane worlds
Creators: name: Navarro, Ignacio
name: Santiago, Jose
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the matching conditions for a general thick codimension 2 brane, a necessary previous step towards the investigation of gravitational phenomena in codimension 2 braneworlds. We show that, provided the brane is weakly curved, they are specified by the integral in the extra dimensions of the brane energy-momentum, independently of its detailed internal structure. These general matching conditions can then be used as boundary conditions for the bulk solution. By evaluating Einstein equations at the brane boundary we are able to write an evolution equation for the induced metric on the brane depending only on physical brane parameters and the bulk energy-momentum tensor. We particularise to a cosmological metric and show that a realistic cosmology can be obtained in the simplest case of having just a non-zero cosmological constant in the bulk. We point out several parallelisms between this case and the codimension 1 brane worlds in an AdS space.
description: 24 pages
Graph Treewidth and Geometric Thickness Parameters
Creators: name: Dujmović, Vida
name: Wood, David R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C62

description: Consider a drawing of a graph $G$ in the plane such that crossing edges are coloured differently. The minimum number of colours, taken over all drawings of $G$, is the classical graph parameter "thickness". By restricting the edges to be straight, we obtain the "geometric thickness". By further restricting the vertices to be in convex position, we obtain the "book thickness". This paper studies the relationship between these parameters and treewidth. Our first main result states that for graphs of treewidth $k$, the maximum thickness and the maximum geometric thickness both equal $\lceil{k/2}\rceil$. This says that the lower bound for thickness can be matched by an upper bound, even in the more restrictive geometric setting. Our second main result states that for graphs of treewidth $k$, the maximum book thickness equals $k$ if $k \leq 2$ and equals $k+1$ if $k \geq 3$. This refutes a conjecture of Ganley and Heath [Discrete Appl. Math. 109(3):215-221, 2001]. Analogous results are proved for outerthickness, arboricity, and star-arboricity.
description: A preliminary version of this paper appeared in the "Proceedings of the 13th International Symposium on Graph Drawing" (GD '05), Lecture Notes in Computer Science 3843:129-140, Springer, 2006. The full version was published in Discrete & Computational Geometry 37(4):641-670, 2007. That version contained a false conjecture, which is corrected on page 26 of this version
FRUTAS PROCESSADAS SOB A FORMA DE SALADA: PREFERÊNCIAS DOS CONSUMIDORES E SUAS IMPLICAÇÕES NO MERCADO
Creators: name: Rosado, Patricia Lopes
name: Pires, Monica De Moura
name: Perez, Ronaldo
name: Rosado, Patricia Lopes
name: Pires, Monica De Moura
name: Perez, Ronaldo
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: demanda
subject: processamento
subject: ato de consumo
subject: demand
subject: processing
subject: act of consuming

description: Neste estudo avaliam-se as preferências do consumidor quanto ao consumo de salada de frutas minimamente processadas em Viçosa, Minas Gerais. Especificamente, identificam-se os tipos de fruta para compor a salada; o preço que o consumidor estaria disposto a pagar pelo produto; a quantidade de produto por embalagem; o perfil do consumidor, entre outros fatores determinantes do consumo. Os dados obtidos foram submetidos à estatística descritiva. O consumidor potencial possui um perfil de indivíduo propenso a adquirir novos produtos, o que indica sua boa aceitação no mercado. Com relação à embalagem, poder-se-ia optar por cinco tipos de tamanho: 50g, 100g, 150g, 200g e 250g. De maneira geral, percebe-se que a salada de fruta pode-se constituir em oportunidade de mercado para o setor frutícola da região, e em mais um mercado para escoar a produção local, especialmente àqueles da Zona da Mata Mineira. -------------------------------------------This work has as objective identifies the consumer’s preferences about the consumption of salads from processed fruit in Viçosa, Minas Gerais. Specifically, it’s identified the kinds of fruit to make the salad; the price the end user would be willing to afford for the product; the quantity of the product per package; the consumer’s profile; these among other determining conditions for the consumption. From the collected data it was made a characterized statistics. The potential consumer has a profile of someone who has a tendency to make new acquisitions. It’s a index to show that a product that was undergone to a research probably will be well accepted in the market. Related to the package, it could choose among five sizes: 50g, 100g, 150g, 200g and 250g. In a general way, it’s noticed that the fruit salad can be a market opportunity to the fruit sector of that region and it can be a specific market to flow the local production, specially that one from the Minas Gerais’ Rural Area.
Agricultural Efficiency Gains and Trade Liberalization in Sudan
Creators: name: Siddig, Khalid H.A.
name: Babiker, Babiker Idris
name: Siddig, Khalid H.A.
name: Babiker, Babiker Idris
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Production Economics
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: Agricultural efficiency
subject: liberalization
subject: Sudan SAM
subject: CGE analysis

description: The traditional agriculture in Sudan occupies 60% of the total cultivated land and employs 65% of the agricultural population. Nevertheless, it is characterized by its low crop productivity, which is mainly driven by low technical efficiency, while drought and civil conflicts threaten most of its areas countrywide. Therefore, it has contributed only an average of 16% to the total agricultural GDP during the last decade. This paper addresses from an empirical point of view the sectoral and macroeconomic implications of agricultural efficiency improvement in Sudan and assesses the efficiency gains under the assumption of trade liberalization. Efficiency improvement experiments are implemented by augmenting the efficiency parameters of labor, capital, and land in a Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) framework. The CGE model of the study relies on the newly produced Sudanese Social Accounting Matrix (SAM), which provides data on 10 agricultural sectors, 10 industrial sectors and 13 service sectors. Results show that improving the agricultural efficiency would lead to improvements in GDP, welfare level, and trade balance. In addition it would also improve the output and competitiveness of the Sudanese agricultural exports and increase their strength to face the challenges of liberalization.
Circuit Quantum Electrodynamics: Coherent Coupling of a Single Photon to a Cooper Pair Box
Creators: name: Wallraff, A.
name: Schuster, D. I.
name: Blais, A.
name: Frunzio, L.
name: Huang, R. -S.
name: Majer, J.
name: Kumar, S.
name: Girvin, S. M.
name: Schoelkopf, R. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Under appropriate conditions, superconducting electronic circuits behave quantum mechanically, with properties that can be designed and controlled at will. We have realized an experiment in which a superconducting two-level system, playing the role of an artificial atom, is strongly coupled to a single photon stored in an on-chip cavity. We show that the atom-photon coupling in this circuit can be made strong enough for coherent effects to dominate over dissipation, even in a solid state environment. This new regime of matter light interaction in a circuit can be exploited for quantum information processing and quantum communication. It may also lead to new approaches for single photon generation and detection.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in Nature, embargo does apply, version with high resolution figures available at: http://www.eng.yale.edu/rslab/Andreas/content/science/PubsPapers.html
Large-scale patterns of forest fire occurrence in the conterminous United States and Alaska, 2012
Creators: name: Potter, Kevin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 70503 Forestry Fire Management
subject: FOS: Agriculture, forestry and fisheries

description: Potter, K.M. 2015. Large-scale patterns of forest fire occurrence in the conterminous United States and Alaska, 2012. Chapter 3 in K.M. Potter and B.L. Conkling, eds., Forest Health Monitoring: National Status, Trends and Analysis, 2013. General Technical Report SRS-207. Asheville, North Carolina: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Research Station.

Forest fire occurrence outside the historic range of frequency and intensity can result in extensive economic and ecological impacts. The detection of regional patterns of fire occurrence density can allow for the identification of areas at greatest risk of significant impact and for the selection of locations for more intensive analysis. In 2012, more satellite-detected forest fire occurrences were recorded for the conterminous United States than in any other year since the beginning of full-year data collection in 2001. Ecoregions in Idaho, Wyoming, Nebraska, Montana, and South Dakota experienced the most fires per 100 km2 of forested area. Geographic hot spots of high fire occurrence density were detected throughout the Interior West. Ecoregions in the Interior West, Northwest, Great Lakes States, Northeast, and Middle Atlantic States experienced greater fire occurrence density than normal compared to the 11-year mean and accounting for variability over time. Alaska experienced low fire occurrence density in 2012.
Modelling Sediment Behaviour in Constructed Stormwater Wetlands
Creators: name: Li, Yong
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 90509 Water Resources Engineering
subject: FOS: Civil engineering

description: Urbanization leads to significant changes in stormwater quantity and quality, with the mostevident effect being the increase in the magnitude of stormwater discharge and pollutantconcentration, and the consequential negative impact on receiving waters. For example, theincrease in the quantity and rate of stormwater runoff (generated from the increasedimpervious areas and the reduction in catchment's storage) results in extensive channelerosion and an increased frequency of flooding (Wong et al., 2000). Associated with thehigher concentration of human activities in urban areas, stormwater may become highlycontaminated. Pollutants typically include suspended solids, heavy metals, nutrients,organics, oxygen-demanding materials, pathogenic bacteria and viruses. Stormwaterquality is as varied as the sources and characteristics of the pollutants it carries. Thepollutants mainly come from transportation, industrial activities, decaying vegetation, soilerosion, animals, fertilizer and pesticide application, dryfall (atmospheric pollution) andgeneral litter (Nix, 1994). However, the pollutants in stormwater may also originate fromleaking sanitary sewers, landfills, poorly operating septic systems, etc. As a result, thereceiving watercourses suffer from excessive inputs of nutrients and heavy metals, whichmay lead to nuisance phytoplankton growth in the upper zone of the water bodies andanoxia in the deeper zone. This results in a decrease in the ecosystem health and aconsequent impact on fishery and recreation values (Novotny, 2003). The recent inquiryinto Australia's urban water management commissioned by the parliament of Australia(Commonwealth of Australia, 2002) concluded that stormwater control should become ahigh priority at both state and local levels, and that it represents one of the major threats towater quality.
Cosmological Parameter Constraints as Derived from the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe Data via Gibbs Sampling and the Blackwell-Rao Estimator
Creators: name: Chu, M.
name: Eriksen, H. K.
name: Knox, L.
name: Gorski, K. M.
name: Jewell, J. B.
name: Larson, D. L.
name: O'Dwyer, I. J.
name: Wandelt, B. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the Blackwell-Rao (BR) estimator of the probability distribution of the angular power spectrum, P(C_l|d), by applying it to samples of full-sky no-noise CMB maps generated via Gibbs sampling. We find the estimator, given a set of samples, to be very fast and also highly accurate, as determined by tests with simulated data. We also find that the number of samples required for convergence of the BR estimate rises rapidly with increasing l, at least at low l. Our existing sample chains are only long enough to achieve convergence at l less than about 40. In comparison with P(C_l|d) as reported by the WMAP team we find significant differences at these low l values. These differences lead to up to approximately 0.5 sigma shifts in the estimates of parameters in a 7-parameter Lambda CDM model with non-zero dn_s/dln(k). Fixing dn_s/dln(k)= 0 makes these shifts much less significant. Unlike existing analytic approximations, the BR estimator can be straightforwardly extended for the case of power spectra from correlated fields, such as temperature and polarization. We discuss challenges to extending the procedure to higher l and provide some solutions.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures, to be submitted to Phys. Rev. D
Expressibility and trainability of parameterized analog quantum systems for machine learning applications
Creators: name: Tangpanitanon, Jirawat
name: Thanasilp, Supanut
name: Dangniam, Ninnat
name: Lemonde, Marc-Antoine
name: Angelakis, Dimitris G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Parameterized quantum evolution is the main ingredient in variational quantum algorithms for near-term quantum devices. In digital quantum computing, it has been shown that random parameterized quantum circuits are able to express complex distributions intractable by a classical computer, leading to the demonstration of quantum supremacy. However, their chaotic nature makes parameter optimization challenging in variational approaches. Evidence of similar classically-intractable expressibility has been recently demonstrated in analog quantum computing with driven many-body systems. A thorough investigation of trainability of such analog systems is yet to be performed. In this work, we investigate how the interplay between external driving and disorder in the system dictates the trainability and expressibility of interacting quantum systems. We show that if the system thermalizes, the training fails at the expense of the a large expressibility, while the opposite happens when the system enters the many-body localized (MBL) phase. From this observation, we devise a protocol using quenched MBL dynamics which allows accurate trainability while keeping the overall dynamics in the quantum supremacy regime. Our work shows the fundamental connection between quantum many-body physics and its application in machine learning. We conclude our work with an example application in generative modeling employing a well studied analog many-body model of a driven Ising spin chain. Our approach can be implemented with a variety of available quantum platforms including cold ions, atoms and superconducting circuits
description: Comments are welcome
Optimizing SAR-based Flood Extent Assimilation for Improved Hydraulic Flood Inundation Forecasts
Creators: name: Antara Dasgupta
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 40604 Natural Hazards
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 40608 Surfacewater Hydrology
subject: Hydrology
subject: 90905 Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing
subject: FOS: Environmental engineering
subject: 80110 Simulation and Modelling
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 90509 Water Resources Engineering
subject: FOS: Civil engineering
subject: 90903 Geospatial Information Systems
subject: Geophysics
subject: 80106 Image Processing

description: Accurate forecasts of flood inundation are vital to effective flood rescue, response, and resource allocation. However, uncertainty in inputs, boundaries, and parameters necessitate the use of independent observations to constrain flood predictions. Radar remote sensing allows the synoptic and systematic coverage of flooded areas and is thus a valuable resource for more accurate flood forecasts when combined with models. Accordingly, this thesis first improved the satellite-based probabilistic flood extent observation, and then designed a novel likelihood function to integrate such observations with flood model estimates yielding improved flood inundation forecasts.
DIE WIRKSAMKEIT UND DAS BUDGETBELASTUNGSPOTENZIAL EINER RISIKOAUSGLEICHSRÜCKLAGE IN DER DEUTSCHEN LANDWIRTSCHAFT
Creators: name: Blanck, Niklas
name: Bahrs, Enno
name: Blanck, Niklas
name: Bahrs, Enno
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Financial Economics
subject: Risikoausgleichsrücklage
subject: Einkommensglättung
subject: Progressionseffekt
subject: Testbetriebsnetz
subject: Einkommensteuer
subject: Landwirtschaft

description: Der vorliegende Beitrag ermittelt auf Basis von Daten des deutschen Testbetriebsnetzes den steuerentlastenden Effekt, den die Einführung einer Risikoausgleichsrücklage für landwirtschaftliche Betriebe im Ertragsteuerrecht bewirken könnte. Zu diesem Zweck werden anhand zehnjähriger Datenreihen von gut 5.300 ‚identischen Betrieben‘ unterschiedliche Versteuerungsvarianten berechnet und eine optimierte Rücklagenbildung und -auflösung in den Einzeljahren unterstellt. Dazu wird die Risikoausgleichsrücklage in die Systematik der Einkommensermittlung eingeordnet und eine anteilige Zurechnung der Wirtschaftsjahre zu den Kalenderjahren sowie die Verlustausgleichsregelungen des deutschen Einkommensteuerrechts in formalisierter Form berücksichtigt. Neben dem Progressions- bzw. Glättungseffekt wird auch die Wirkung des Zinseffekts ermittelt. Die Berechnungen für die Risikoausgleichsrücklage erfolgen in unterschiedlichen Variationen und berücksichtigen neben einer zehnjährigen restriktionslosen Variante auch die vom Deutschen Bauernverband in Anlehnung an das Forstschäden-Ausgleichsgesetz bei der Bildung der Rücklage zunächst vorgeschlagenen Restriktionen. Im Ergebnis führt der Glättungseffekt der Risikoausgleichsrücklage zu einer im Durchschnitt moderaten steuerlichen Entlastung für landwirtschaftliche Betriebe, die aber betriebsindividuell sehr unterschiedlich ausfallen kann.
EU ENLARGEMENT TO TURKEY: POTENTIAL IMPACTS ON AGRICULTURAL MARKETS AND HOW THEY ARE SHAPED BY CHANGES IN MACROECONOMIC CONDITIONS
Creators: name: Fellmann, Thomas
name: Van Leeuwen, Myrna
name: Salamon, Petra
name: Fellmann, Thomas
name: Van Leeuwen, Myrna
name: Salamon, Petra
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Turkey
subject: EU enlargement
subject: agricultural markets
subject: macro economy
subject: AGMEMOD Zusammenfassung
subject: Türkei
subject: EU Erweiterung
subject: Agrarmärkte
subject: Makroökonomie
subject: AGMEMOD

description: The potential accession of Turkey to the EU, and the related adoption of the CAP by Turkey, is expected to influence agricultural markets in both the EU and Turkey. The extent of the accession impacts depends on the one hand on the way the CAP will be implemented in Turkey, while on the other hand impacts are expected to be also shaped by macroeconomic conditions (like exchange rates, GDP growth and inflation levels). In this paper we provide a comprehensive model-based assessment of the potential impacts on agricultural markets of a Turkish accession to the EU. We first assess the impacts under the assumption of standard macroeconomic projections, then we analyse how a different TL/Euro exchange rate, a doubling of the Turkish inflation rate or a doubling of the Turkish GDP growth rate would influence the accession impacts. Results of the Turkish EU-membership simulation show that the impacts on agricultural markets in Turkey are significant, while effects on EU markets are rather limited. The main impact on Turkish agriculture is a reduction of producer prices. With market prices and produced quantities declining, and as the coupled Turkish direct payments and the input subsidies will be replaced by lower payments of the CAP, agricultural income is expected to be reduced especially for Turkish crop producers (except for tobacco). In contrast, accession effects on the Turkish livestock sector are projected to be positive, mainly due to lower feed costs. Furthermore, the demand levels of most commodities are projected to increase due to lower prices, thus Turkish consumers are expected to gain from an accession to the EU. The further analysis reveals that in particular a depreciation of the Turkish lira alters the results of the accession scenario.