cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Former enemies come to Canada : Ottawa and the postwar German immigration boom, 1951-57.
Creators: name: Schmalz, Ronald E.
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: History, Canadian.

description: The 1950s was the decade of the largest volume of immigration to Canada. Germans figured prominently in this great wave contributing 200,000 migrants in the peak years of 1951--57, a number only surpassed by British newcomers. In fact, more Germans came to Canada in this seven year span than during any comparable period in Canadian history. This influx was made possible by the great interest in emigration in Germany and the generous immigration policy of the Canadian government. Indeed, government immigration policies and programs were decisive and determining factors, shaping the size and character of the German influx. Policy makers in Ottawa could and, in fact, did exercise considerably more control over the intake of Germans than was possible for the movement of other immigrant groups. They saw in German migrants a means of meeting Canadian economic and manpower needs, a policy they carried out with mixed success, missing golden opportunities in the first half of the 1950s. This thesis is an analysis of the German immigration boom to Canada from the perspective of Ottawa's policies and programming. This thesis is the first comprehensive study which addresses the influence of government policy on German immigration to Canada in the 1950s. It assesses Ottawa's policy within the complex context of key domestic and external forces. This study also explores new fields including the developments leading to the government's decision to admit German nationals, the history of the Canadian Christian Council for the Resettlement of Refugees in the 1950s and Canada's role in the Intergovernmental Committee for European Migration. It is based primarily on records of the government of Canada but also draws on personal interviews, manuscript collections, newspapers and secondary sources, including recent German scholarship in the field. This study argues that Ottawa's German immigration policy was profoundly governed by Canada's economic and political self interest.
Les effets de la régulation internationale sur les formations sociales algérienne et brésilienne.
Creators: name: Cintrat, Jean.
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Political Science, General.

description: Ce travail porte sur les strategies de developpement economique que l'Algerie et du Bresil elaborent dans le contexte de la regulation internationale et de la division internationale du travail (D.I.T.) du debut des annees 60 au seuil des annees 80. L'objectif fondamental de ce travail consiste a examiner les modalites d'insertion de ces deux pays dans une D.I.T. en mouvement. L'etude vise a demontrer la capacite qu'ils ont de resister a l'insertion dans la D.I.T. et de developper des politiques de delveloppement industriel autonome. Nous avancons d'une part que, grace a ses politiques de developpement introverties, l'Algerie a resiste plus longtemps clue le Bresil a l'insertion dans la D.I.T. et que d'autre part, l'Algerie a developpe une base industrielle davantage axee sur les besoins internes que le Bresil. Or, face aux desequilibres internes, aux blocages de l'industrialisation, a la concurrence avec les pays developpes et aux limites de la substitution des importations et des exportations, l'insertion dans l'economie mondiale et la soumission au capital international se sont averes inevitables pour ces deux pays.
A survey on the orthogonal expansion of threshold functions.
Creators: name: Mar, Yung-Leung Henry.
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 1970

description: The classification and study of the structure of switching functions and their realizations/have received considerable attention in the past ten years. They were studied under various names such as the coordinate representation (13), the discrete Fourier transform (3), the Rademacher - Walsh expansion (7, 16) and the orthogonal expansion (2) of the functions. A concise survey on this field is presented in the first part of this work. The last part of the work is to apply these theories for the testing and realizing method of threshold functions. The (n+1) Chow parameters can uniquely characterize a threshold function of n variables. If we extend the number of Chow parameters to 2n with each representing the number of vertices in certain subcube, which is represented by a Boolean product of uncomplemented variables only, and if we arrange them in groups with each group having subcubes of the same dimension, then an augmented vector can be constructed. Such a vector will uniquely characterize the corresponding function and this can be developed for testing and realization of threshold functions. Without loss of generalities, we confine us to positive prime functions. A set of positive weights is first assigned to the variables. Their magnitudes will be in descending order. The components in the second group of the augmented vector corresponding to the number of vertices in the (n-2) - subcubes are listed in a table. In the t
IL-33 Receptor-Expressing Regulatory T Cells Are Highly Activated, Th2 Biased and Suppress CD4 T Cell Proliferation through IL-10 and TGFβ Release
Creators: name: Siede, Julia
name: Froehlich, Anja
name: Datsi, Angeliki
name: Hegazy, Ahmed N.
name: Varga, Domonkos V.
name: Holecska, Vivien
name: Saito, Hirohisa
name: Nakae, Susumu
name: Loehning, Max
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Immunomodulatory Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) form a heterogeneous population consisting of subsets with different activation states, migratory properties and suppressive functions. Recently, expression of the IL-33 receptor ST2 was shown on Tregs in inflammatory settings. Here we report that ST2 expression identifies highly activated Tregs in mice even under homeostatic conditions. ST2+ Tregs preferentially accumulate at non-lymphoid sites, likely mediated by their high expression of several chemokine receptors facilitating tissue homing. ST2+ Tregs exhibit a Th2-biased character, expressing GATA-3 and producing the Th2 cytokines IL-5 and IL-13 –especially in response to IL-33. Yet, IL-33 is dispensable for the generation and maintenance of these cells in vivo. Furthermore, ST2+ Tregs are superior to ST2− Tregs in suppressing CD4+ T cell proliferation in vitro independent of IL-33. This higher suppressive capacity is partially mediated by enhanced production and activation of the anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-10 and TGFβ. Thus, ST2 expression identifies a highly activated, strongly suppressive Treg subset preferentially located in non-lymphoid tissues. Here ST2+ Tregs may be well positioned to immediately react to IL-33 alarm signals. Their specific properties may render ST2+ Tregs useful targets for immunomodulatory therapies.
Patient outcomes of genetic counseling : assessing the impact of different approaches to family history collection
Creators: name: Slomp, Caitlin
name: Morris, Emily
name: Inglis, Angela
name: Lehman, Anna
name: Austin, Jehannine
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2018

description: No studies have evaluated whether different modalities for collection of family history data influence patient outcomes of genetic counseling. We retrospectively compared outcomes of genetic counseling between patients whose family history (Fhx) was collected: a) via telephone prior to their appointment (FhxPrior), or b) during the appointment (FhxDuring). We used a psychiatric genetic counseling clinic database, where information about demographics and Fhx timing is recorded and patients complete the Genetic Counseling Outcomes Scale (GCOS, measuring empowerment) and Illness Management Self-Efficacy Scale (IMSES) immediately prior to (T1) and one-month after their appointment (T2). We used ANCOVA to evaluate the effect of Fhx method on patient outcomes at T2. Complete data were available for 240 patients and were used for analysis (FhxPrior, n=206; FhxDuring, n=34). GCOS and IMSES scores increased from T1-T2 (p<0.0005, and p=0.004, respectively). Though there was no difference between groups for GCOS (p=0.412), T2 IMSES scores were significantly higher for FhxPrior than FhxDuring after controlling for T1 scores (p=0.011). Our data suggest that obtaining Fhx via telephone prior to genetic counseling may lead to greater increases in patient self-efficacy as compared to obtaining Fhx during the genetic counseling appointment.
ESSAYS IN INDUSTRIAL ORGANIZATION AND ECONOMETRICS
Creators: name: Wang, Jiaying
Publisher: name: Washington State University
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Econometrics
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Industrial Organization

description: This dissertation consists of three chapters that explore different aspects of industrial organization and Bayesian econometrics. In the first chapter, I examine the impact of increased market concentration and consumer information on price dispersion in the US airline industry. Using data from three recent mergers, I find that mergers and increased levels of consumer information are positively correlated with price dispersion in the Southwest Airlines-AirTran Airways merger, suggesting that consumer information can enhance the merger effect on price dispersion. These results have important implications for antitrust policy in e-commerce and internet-based industries.
description: In the second chapter, I investigate how legacy and low-cost incumbents respond to the threat of entry by Spirit in the US airline industry. I find empirical evidence of preemptive actions by incumbents in response to Spirit’s entry threat, with both legacy and low-cost incumbents increasing their prices significantly. I also find that they raise their prices more aggressively when they have more market power. The impact of the threat of entry by Spirit is larger on the low-cost incumbent’s capacities.
description: In the third chapter, my coauthors and I intend to identify the risk factors associated with adolescent marijuana use in Washington State, utilizing data from the 2018 and 2021 Healthy Youth Survey (HYS). Despite the survey's assurance of anonymity, the possibility of over- or under-reporting exists due to various reasons, such as fear of being exposed, social stigma, and peer pressure. We are also interested in identifying factors that are associated with the occurrence of misreport. To achieve these goals, we develop a full Bayesian framework with a two-level latent linear regression model. The top level is for the true Marijuana use response and the second level is for the occurrence of misreporting. We propose a partially collapsed Gibbs Sampling algorithm with a Metropolis-Hastings step to sample the regression coefficients. Simulation studies have been conducted to demonstrate the superior performance of the proposed method over alternative approaches. Our analysis of the HYS data discovers multiple factors for identifying at-risk adolescents and informing future prevention efforts.
A model for predicting the pressure gradient along a heated channel during flow boiling.
Creators: name: Leung, Laurence Kim-Hung.
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: Engineering, Mechanical.

description: A model has been derived to predict the frictional pressure gradient along a heated channel. It focuses mainly on flow boiling at high-pressure conditions (10 MPa). Based on a force-momentum balance, the overall pressure gradient is divided into three components: friction, acceleration and gravity. This model analyzes the frictional pressure drop for all heat-transfer modes encountered inside a heated channel: single-phase heat transfer, subcooled boiling, saturated (bulk) boiling, forced convective evaporation and film boiling. The heating effect is introduced through a change in flow structure in two-phase flow (i.e., the phase distribution), particularly the significant differences in entrained liquid fraction between adiabatic and boiling two-phase flow (two separate correlations have been derived in this study). One of the major components in this model is the relation between shear stress and velocity gradient. Based primarily on the theory in single-phase flow, this relation is extended to two-phase flow boiling through the assumption of a homogeneous mixture having the characteristics of a single-phase flow. In the forced-convective evaporation region (mainly wispy-annular flow), a four-layer structure is introduced to analyze the liquid film and two-phase core. A number of assumptions and modifications to the expressions for single-phase flow are introduced to account for the presence of two phases. Empirical corrections, however, are used for the effects of surface roughness and viscosity difference between near-wall fluid and bulk fluid on two-phase frictional pressure drop. Experimental data for validating the present model were obtained in a vertical tubular test section, installed in a high-pressure steam-water facility at the Chalk River Laboratories of AECL Research. A strong effect of surface heating on frictional pressure drop was observed. With increasing heat flux, the frictional pressure drop decreases in single-phase flow, increases in nucleate boiling, and decreases in forced convective evaporation. The effect of heat flux in the film-boiling region (post-dryout conditions) appears to be small. However, the frictional pressure gradient is much smaller in the film-boiling region than in the pre-CHF region for the same flow conditions (i.e., pressure, mass flux and quality). For most flow conditions, a maximum in two-phase frictional pressure drop is encountered at a quality lower than the value corresponding to the occurrence of dryout. In addition to heating, other effects on frictional pressure drop (such as pressure, mass flux, etc.) have also been examined. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
La R/résistance : la littérature populaire, le terroir et la femme : une analyse des romans Les caillous bleus et Les menthes sauvages de Christian Signol.
Creators: name: Klostermaier, Cornélia.
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Literature, Modern.

description: Christian Signol est l'un des écrivains français contemporains les plus lus en France aujourd'hui. L'auteur d'une quinzaine de romans de terroir, il bénéficie d'un succès phénoménal. Pourtant, à ce jour, l'intérêt critique pour son oeuvre est très limité. Est-ce que Signol est la victime de son propre succès? Avant tout, ses romans plaisent au grand public. Cette étude propose donc d'examiner les rapports entre le roman du terroir et le roman populaire et de mettre à jour les enjeux du roman du terroir. Comme le roman populaire s'adresse plus à un large public qu'à l'institution littéraire, nous nous proposons d'analyser la mission de Signol. Dans un deuxième temps, nous nous pencherons sur la représentation de la femme dans la littérature du terroir. Dans les romans Les Cailloux bleus et Les Menthes sauvages le personnage féminin est mis en valeur. Philomène, le personnage principal, se montre habile et ingénieuse et n'hésite pas à prendre des initiatives pour parvenir à réaliser son idéal. C'est une héroïne à la forte personnalité qui apparaît comme l'antithèse des personnages féminins des romans du terroir. À la lumière des théories de l'héroïne, cette thèse vise à montrer comment Signol réussit à faire ressortir une héroïne moderne.
title: 9 principles for a circular economy
title: 9 principles for a circular economy
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Dorer, Conrad
name: Kohlmeyer, Regina
name: Kosmol, Jan
name: Krüger, Franziska
name: Krause, Susann
name: Müller, Felix
name: Röhreich, Mareike
Publisher: name: Umweltbundesamt
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Kreislaufwirtschaft
subject: Produktlebenszyklus
subject: Ressourceneffizienz
subject: Rohstoffverbrauch
subject: Primärrohstoff
subject: Sekundärrohstoff
subject: Abfallvermeidung
subject: Ökodesign
subject: circular economy
subject: circular economy act
subject: product life cycle
subject: resource efficiency
subject: SDG
subject: raw material consumption
subject: primary raw material
subject: secondary raw material
subject: Substitution
subject: waste prevention
subject: ecodesign
subject: Economy | Consumption
subject: Waste | Resources

description: Sustainable development is hardly imaginable without a consistent circular economy. However, turning away from a predominantly linear economy requires many political, economic and social decisions. The German Environment Agency has now developed principles for politics, business and society, which systematically outline the objectives, scope, maxims for action, requirements and success factors of a circular economy. The nine principles are intended to help develop a common understanding of the circular economy and create a strategic orientation framework for its implementation. Quelle: Umweltbundesamt
description: Sustainable development is hardly imaginable without a consistent circular economy. However, turning away from a predominantly linear economy requires many political, economic and social decisions.The German Environment Agency has now developed principles for politics, business and society, which systematically outline the objectives, scope, maxims for action, requirements and success factors of a circular economy. The nine principles are intended to help develop a common understanding of the circular economy and create a strategic orientation framework for its implementation.
On detection of the stochastic gravitational-wave background using the Parkes pulsar timing array
Creators: name: Yardley, D. R. B.
name: Coles, W. A.
name: Hobbs, G. B.
name: Verbiest, J. P. W.
name: Manchester, R. N.
name: van Straten, Willem
name: Jenet, F. A.
name: Bailes, Matthew
name: Bhat, N. D. R.
name: Burke-Spolaor, S.
name: Champion, D. J.
name: Hotan, A. W.
name: Oslowski, Stefan
name: Reynolds, J. E.
name: Sarkissian, J. M.
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: We search for the signature of an isotropic stochastic gravitational-wave background in pulsar timing observations using a frequency-domain correlation technique. These observations, which span roughly 12yr, were obtained with the 64-m Parkes radio telescope augmented by public domain observations from the Arecibo Observatory. A wide range of signal processing issues unique to pulsar timing and not previously presented in the literature are discussed. These include the effects of quadratic removal, irregular sampling and variable errors which exacerbate the spectral leakage inherent in estimating the steep red spectrum of the gravitational-wave background. These observations are found to be consistent with the null hypothesis that no gravitational-wave background is present, with 76 per cent confidence. We show that the detection statistic is dominated by the contributions of only a few pulsars because of the inhomogeneity of this data set. The issues of detecting the signature of a gravitational-wave background with future observations are discussed.
Low-frequency resonance in strong heterogeneity
Creators: name: Liu, Yinbin
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2018

description: Multiple scattering of wave in strong heterogeneity can cause resonance-like wave anomaly where the signal exhibits low-frequency, high intensity, and slowly propagating wave packet velocity. For example, long period event in volcanic seismology and plasma oscillations in wave-particle interactions. Collective behaviour in a many-body system is thought to be the source for generating the anomaly, however the detailed mechanism is not fully understood. Here I show that the physical mechanism is associated with low-frequency resonance (LFR) in strong small-scale heterogeneity through seismic wave field modeling for bubble cloud heterogeneity and 1D heterogeneity. LFR is a kind of wave coherent scattering enhancement or emergence phenomenon that occurs in transient regime. Its resonance frequency decreases with increasing heterogeneous scale, impedance contrast, or random heterogeneous scale and velocity fluctuations; its intensity diminishes with decreasing impedance contrast or increasing random heterogeneous scale and velocity fluctuations. LRF exhibits the characteristics of localized wave in space and the shape of ocean wave in time and is a ubiquitous wave phenomenon in wave physics. The concept of LFR can open up new opportunities in many aspects of science and engineering.
A survey of joint activities and travel of household members in the Greater Copenhagen Metropolitan Region
Creators: name: Thorhauge, Mikkel
name: Vuk, Goran
name: Kaplan, Sigal
Publisher: name: Proceedings from the Annual Transport Conference at Aalborg University
Year: 2012

description: The traditional approach for modeling transport-related choices in Denmark refers to individual decision makers. However, in daily activities and travel choices individuals function according to the commitments as family members, and thus their choices derive from the welfare needs of other family members. A family-based approach enables to capture intra-household interactions and the priorities of household members in scheduling their daily activities, thus adding to the realism and the predictive strength of transport models. Joint activities and travel occur in order to maximize efficiency and family quality time, within a daily schedule. The current study unveils the joint activity and travel patterns of household members in the Copenhagen area, as part of the ACTUM research project, funded by the Danish Strategic Research Council, for the development of a new generation of activity-based models in Denmark.
description: Proceedings from the Annual Transport Conference at Aalborg University, Vol. 1 No. 1 (2012): Proceedings from the Annual Transport Conference at Aalborg University
Проєктування процесів освоєння родовищ корисних копалин на основі дослідження зміни стану запасів
Creators: name: Khorolskyi, Andrii
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 379901
subject: Earth system sciences

description: Мета. Розробити новий підхід, щодо проєктування процесів, які супроводжують освоєння родовищ корисних копалин. Це дозволить врахувати багатоманіття та різний ступінь впливу параметрів на загальну ефективність.Методи дослідження. Застосовано декомпозиційний підхід для оптимізації багатопараметричних процесів гірничого виробництва. Мережеві моделі та алгоритми оптимізації на мережах та графах для пошуку оптимальної стратегії освоєння родовищ корисних копалин. Модель дослідження зміни стану запасів для проєктування технологічних процесів, які супроводжують видобуток корисних копалин.Результати. Було запропоновано методику оптимізації параметрів освоєння родовищ корисних копалин на основі представлення альтернативних варіантів технологічних процесів у вигляді мережевої моделі. В залежності від типу корисної копалини, а також доцільності збагачення відходів видобутку запропоновано дві стратегії проєктування. Якщо відходи доцільно збагачувати, то необхідно максимізувати вартість тони гірської маси. Якщо відходи видобутку недоцільно збагачувати, то необхідно мінімізувати витрати на видобуток тони корисної копалини. Для підвищення ефективності експлуатації рудних родовищ корисних копалин запропоновано застосовувати відходи видобутку у якості складових сумішей для закладки виробленого простору. Обсяг робіт із закладки виробленого простору визначаються на основі маржинального аналізу. Для підвищення ефективності експлуатації вугільних родовищ запропоновано мінімізувати кількість відходів, які надходять на поверхню. Було розглянуто альтернативні варіанти експлуатації вугільного родовища та запропоновано дві стратегії: одна полягає у мінімізації відходів, що передбачає селективне виймання і закладку виробленого простору, а інша стратегія полягає у максимізації вилучення супутніх корисних копалин, що передбачає комбайнове виймання, розділення вантажопотоків, додаткове збагачення відходів.Наукова новизна. Наукова новизна полягає у розробці нового підходу, а також створенні моделей освоєння родовищ корисних копалин. Наведено алгоритм проєктування процес освоєння родовищ корисних копалин. Якщо відходи видобутку недоцільно збагачувати то застосовуємо програмування альтернативного графу на мінімум, що дозволить мінімізувати вартість видобутку 1 т корисної копалини, у іншому випадку – програмування альтернативного графу на максимум, що дозволить максимізувати вартість 1 т гірничої маси. Виконання цих умов дозволить підвищити ефективність виробництва та знизити техногенне навантаження на довкілля.Практичне значення. Полягає у створенні пакету прикладних програм для проєктування процесів освоєння родовищ корисних копалин.
Paving the road from transport models to “new mobilities” models
Creators: name: Wind, Simon
name: Jensen, Ole B.
name: Kaplan, Sigal
name: Prato, Carlo
Publisher: name: Proceedings from the Annual Transport Conference at Aalborg University
Year: 2012

description: For half a century, tremendous efforts have been invested in developing transport models as a decision aid for policy makers in designing effective policy interventions and deciding among costly public projects for the benefit of the population. Transport and activity-based models are often criticized for neglecting the “new mobilities” turn (Urry 2007, Cresswell 2006), namely multiple mobility aspects and rationales, including social, cultural, material, aesthetic and affective, in analyzing travel behavior. This paper aims at taking a tentative first step in bridging the gap between the traditional transport modeling approach and “new mobilities” research by suggesting a model framework that considers non-instrumental transport rationales, personal latent traits and intra-household decision dynamics.
description: Proceedings from the Annual Transport Conference at Aalborg University, Vol. 1 No. 1 (2012): Proceedings from the Annual Transport Conference at Aalborg University
title: The Spatial Navigation and Diaschisis Hypothesis
title: A Premise for Three Feasibility Studies to Screen for Preclinical Alzheimer's Disease
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Nevers, Jennifer I
Publisher: name: Washington State University
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Alzheimer's disease
subject: Executive function
subject: Memory
subject: Preclinical
subject: Spatial navigation
subject: Visual
subject: Health sciences
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Background: The core biomarkers of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), amyloid plaques and phosphorylated tau, are not exclusive to AD. They appear secondary to causes such as head injuries, certain foods, and to seal leaky capillaries. While biomarkers are present in cognitively unimpaired (CU) persons who will develop AD dementia (pre-AD), biomarker indicators might contribute to misdiagnosis in persons without the disease (non-AD). Detection may be optimized
description: with measuring potential changes in cognitive domains informing spatial navigation (SN). These studies aim to determine the feasibility of neuropsychiatric tests for executive function (EF), verbal and visual episodic memory as indicators of preclinical AD and proxy for SN changes.
description: Methods: A retrospective secondary analysis was performed on neuropsychiatric test data from the National Alzheimer’s Coordinating Center Uniform Data Set Version 3. Pre-AD participant scores were compared to non-AD participants. Three tests were selected for analysis of episodic memory and EF: Craft-21, Benson Complex Figure Test delayed recall (BCFT-DR), and Trail Making Test part-B (TMT-B), respectively. Longitudinal linear mixed modeling is applied and
description: Cohen’s d for individual timepoints in terms of years remaining as CU (yrs-CU) for pre-AD groups.
description: Results: The TMT-B results show pre-AD mixed group increased in time for completion by an average of 3.498 seconds per year p <.001, [CI 3.097, 4.294], with scores associated with at-risk driving at 3 yrs-CU for males and 6 yrs-CU females. The Craft-21 test for episodic memory reveal the pre-AD group average score decreased every year by -.510, p < .001, [CI -.757, -.264] while the non-AD increased by .127, p < .001, [CI .101, .153], Cohen’s d = .482 at 4 yrs-CU. The BCFT-DR results expanded our understanding of visual memory and SN as preclinical indicators of AD. The pre-AD group average score decreased annually by -.219, p <.001, [CI (-.251, -.187)] and non-AD group decreased by -.039, p =.001, [CI (-062, -.015)], Cohen's d = .948 at 5 yrs-CU.
description: Discussion: All tests demonstrated feasibility for preclinical AD detection and proxy for SN. The pre-AD longitudinal cognitive trajectories may allow annual biomarker mapping to establish standardization of biomarker levels for future clinical practice.
Basketmaker II Subsistence
Creators: name: Matson, R. G.
name: Chisholm, Brian S.
Publisher: name: Washington State University
Year: 2007
Subjects: Archaeology

description: In 1986 we (Matson and Chisholm 1986, 1991) we reported on four lines of evidence pointing to maize agriculture being important for Basketmaker II subsistence on Cedar Mesa, Utah, (Figure 1). They included settlement patterns, coprolite analysis, midden analysis, and stable carbon analysis (Aasen 1984; Chisholm and Matson 1994; Lepofsky 1986; Matson 1991, 1994). We also briefy summarized other BM II information which led to the conclusion that the BM II in general was largely based on maize agriculture. Here we summarize the major subsistence evidence from midden, coprolite, and stable isotope analysis, focusing on that which has become available since circa 1990, and evaluate how it compares with the limited information earlier reported on Cedar Mesa.
Marginal Cost Controversies in Swedish Transport Infrastructure Policy
Creators: name: Hasselgren, Björn
Publisher: name: Proceedings from the Annual Transport Conference at Aalborg University
Year: 2012

description: It is important that resources spent in transport infrastructure systems come to the best possible use. During the last four decades it has generally been argued that good resource utilization most likely comes about in cases where welfare economic principles are pursued. This holds both for the planning of transport infrastructure measures based on cost benefit analysis and for the use of the existing systems based on prices reflecting the short term social marginal costs of the transportation actually carried out. This article argues that, seen in a longer time perspective, there has however been a controversy regarding which financing principles that should be seen as most accurate. And this controversy has been persistent in Sweden since the 1930s. An institutional perspective where the direct relation between the users and the organizations that manage the infrastructure system, and with an interest for dynamism, learning and organizational aspects, has been in conflict with the welfare economic perspective. According to the institutional perspective the users should pay the full cost and subsidies by the public sector are questioned. An outcome of the present turn in the transport infrastructure discussion, with more interest for alternative financing and demand for heavy new investments, might be a revival of full cost principles in financing rather than marginal cost models. Once again the financing and pricing principles and their relation to efficiency might become a centerpiece of the debate.
description: Proceedings from the Annual Transport Conference at Aalborg University, Vol. 1 No. 1 (2012): Proceedings from the Annual Transport Conference at Aalborg University
Vejhastighedens politiske historie
Creators: name: Siren, Anu
name: Sørensen, Claus Hedegaard
name: Vinsteen, Iben
Publisher: name: Proceedings from the Annual Transport Conference at Aalborg University
Year: 2012

description: Selvom der umiddelbart er konsensus både internationalt og nationalt om at kæmpe mod de negative tra- fiksikkerhedsmæssige konsekvenser af uhensigtsmæssig høj hastighed, ved vi relativt lidt om, hvordan den politiske diskurs om vejhastighed ser ud. Med et fokus på den politiske håndtering af hastighed anvendes her en historisk tilgang til den politiske diskurs om hastighed. Studiets teoretiske og metodologiske ramme er forankret i konstruktivismen, idet udgangspunktet i dette paper er, at rammer for at behandle og omtale hastighedspolitik er blevet skabt historisk, og at disse historiske rammer altid spiller sammen med de nuværende politiske tendenser, når hastigheden omtales og reguleres politisk. Empirien til paperet er skriftlige dokumenter. Materialet er fundet i Rigsdagens og Folketingets årbøger og Folketingets elektroniske arkiv, og består af faktiske lov- og beslutningsforslag, Landstingets og Folketingets behandlinger af dem, vedtagne love, samt enkelte bekendtgørelser. I analysen er fem brud i den hastighedspolitiske diskurs er identificeret. Disse ’brud’ er udtryk for særligt store ændringer i forhold til den hidtidige diskurs. Selvom disse brud kan give indtryk af store omvæltninger, betragter vi den hastighedspolitiske diskurs som relativt stabil, hvor de samme temaer gentager sig gennem denne godt 100-årige periode. I betragtning af, hvor store ændringer der er sket i den faktiske trafik – og den faktiske hastighed – kan det undre, at stabilitet er så stor. Det er først i den senere historie, at de partipolitiske skel i hastighedspolitikken bliver tydelige. Ikke desto mindre, kan man spore visse tendenser fra hele det historiske forløb. Tendensen er, at venstresiden er for lavere hastighedsgrænser, mens den borgerlige fløj er for højere hastigheder eller afskaffelse af hastig- hedsgrænser, og enkelte partier (Fremskridtspartiet, Dansk Folkeparti, Centrum-Demokraterne) skiller sig ud som særlig store tilhængere af høje eller ingen hastighedsgrænser. Ser man på de tidligere brud, kan man se, at medlemmer af Venstre, som typisk repræsenterede befolkning på landet, var tilbageholdende med ”høje” hastigheder og biler i det hele taget, mens Socialdemokraterne, som typisk repræsenterede bybefolkningen, var mere positivt indstillede over for den moderne trafik. Hvad angår sanktioner ses ingen væsentlige forskelle mellem partierne, hverken i 50’erne eller senere.
description: Proceedings from the Annual Transport Conference at Aalborg University, Vol. 1 No. 1 (2012): Proceedings from the Annual Transport Conference at Aalborg University
Hersker konsensus i dansk hastighedspolitik? En interviewanalyse
Creators: name: Sørensen, Claus Hedegaard
name: Siren, Anu
Publisher: name: Proceedings from the Annual Transport Conference at Aalborg University
Year: 2012

description: Hastighed betegnes ofte som det største problem for at forbedre trafiksikkerheden. Derfor er fokus i dette paper på dansk national hastighedspolitik. Spørgsmålet er i hvilket omfang hastighedspolitikken i dag er præget af enighed eller uenighed blandt de politiske partier i Folketinget. For at besvare spørgsmålet er semistrukturerede, kvalitative forskningsinterviews gennemført med en repræsentant for hvert parti Folke- tinget. Analysen viser, at der hersker relativt stor aktuel konsensus om såvel mål og værdier som midler i hastighedspolitikken, om end nogle uenigheder består. Det gælder den rette kombination og prioritering af sikkerhed, fremkommelighed og miljø som mål og værdier for hastighedspolitikken, og det gælder i lidt større grad hastighedsgrænserne, mens der er ret stor konsensus om kontrol og sanktioner. Samlet set er hastighedspolitikken karakteriseret ved relativ stærk konsensus.
description: Proceedings from the Annual Transport Conference at Aalborg University, Vol. 1 No. 1 (2012): Proceedings from the Annual Transport Conference at Aalborg University
Bilisters hastighed på gennemfartsveje i mindre danske byer
Creators: name: Jørgensen, Morten
name: Bolet, Lars
name: Agerholm, Niels
Publisher: name: Proceedings from the Annual Transport Conference at Aalborg University
Year: 2012

description: Sammenhængen mellem trafikulykker og hastighed viser, at øget hastighed resulterer i flere og mere alvorlige trafikulykker. Tidligere undersøgelser har indikeret, at bilister overskrider hastighedsgrænsen på gennemfartsveje i mindre byer i Danmark. For at holde farten nede i bygennemfarter er der i Danmark traditionelt anvendt vejtekniske tiltag i form af bump, forsætninger og byporte. Formålet med denne undersøgelse er at finde ud af, hvilken effekt disse tiltag har på bilisters kørselsadfærd i gennemfartsbyer i Danmark. Undersøgelsen er foretaget på baggrund af GPS-baserede data fra kørende biler for 14 gennemfartsbyer i Nordjylland. Undersøgelsen viser, at enkeltstående bump og forsætninger kun har meget lokal effekt og ikke er tilstrækkelige til at holde bilisternes hastighed nede i byerne. Bilisterne øger hastigheden igen umiddelbart efter passagen af tiltaget. Kun hvor der er etableret bump og forsætninger efter Vejreglernes anbefalinger, er hastigheden reduceret, som ønsket. En tætliggende randbebyggelse reducerer også hastigheden i en del bygennemfarter, men den har ingen effekt på de højeste hastigheder.
description: Proceedings from the Annual Transport Conference at Aalborg University, Vol. 1 No. 1 (2012): Proceedings from the Annual Transport Conference at Aalborg University
Udviklingen i bilers passive sikkerhed - skadesgrad for førere af person- og varebiler
Creators: name: Lyckegaard, Allan
name: Hels, Tove
name: Rich, Jeppe
name: Prato, Carlo Giacomo
name: Kristensen, Niels Buus
Publisher: name: Proceedings from the Annual Transport Conference at Aalborg University
Year: 2012

description: Den nedadgående tendens som antallet af dræbte og tilskadekomne i trafikken har udvist de seneste årtier, kan tilskrives mange forskellige faktorer, deriblandt den teknologiske udvikling af bilerne. I forhold til ældre årgange er nyere årgange af køretøjer udviklet med en højere sikkerhedsstandard både med hensyn til passiv og aktiv sikkerhed. Artiklen undersøger, hvordan den betingede skadesgrad for køretøjets fører korrelerer med køretøjsårgangen og kvantificerer dermed effekten af køretøjernes passive sikkerhed. Analysen er baseret på 80.502 førere af personbiler eller varevogne i 49.405 politiregistrerede uheld i Danmark fra 2004-2010. Datamaterialet indeholder både eneuheld og flerpartsuheld. Uheld med fodgængere, cyklister og lastbiler er frasorteret, og kun førerens skadesgrad er analyseret. Datamaterialet indeholder for hver observation detaljeret information om føreren, køretøjet og uheldet. Skadesgraden for føreren angives i fire diskrete og ordnede kategorier: ingen/kun materiel skade (85 % af førerne), let personskade (9 % af førerne), alvorlig personskade (6 % af førerne), dræbt (under 1 % af førerne). Da skadesgraden er diskret og ordnet, anvendes der i analysen en partial proportional odds model. I modellen inkluderes der foruden forklarende variable for køretøjet og uheldet også et antal forklarende variable for at tage højde den enkelte førers risikoprofil, bl.a. alder, køn, gyldighed af kørekort, selebrug og alkoholpromille for mandlige førere. Resultaterne viser, at der er en effekt af køretøjets årgang på førerens skadesgrad. Sammenlignes et køretøj fra 2010 med 2000, ses en reduktion i andelen af dræbte på 37 %. Alvorlige personskader reduceres med 23 % og lette personskader med 13 %. Disse reduktioner sker på bekostning af, at flere førere udelukkende pådrager sig materiel skade. Sidst præsenteres et antal scenarier, som på forskellig vis belyser effekterne af køretøjsårgangen. Første scenarie er en simulation af konsekvenserne af at udskifte alle køretøjer i uheldene fra 2010 med nye køretøjer fra 2010. Andet scenarie simulerer effekten af en et år yngre bilpark, og det sidste scenarie illustrerer effekten af at udskifte 50 % af køretøjerne, der er ældre end henholdsvis 10, 15 og 20 år, med nye køretøjer. Alle scenarier viser en reduktion af antallet af personskader ved at udskifte ældre årgange af køretøjer med nyere.
description: Proceedings from the Annual Transport Conference at Aalborg University, Vol. 1 No. 1 (2012): Proceedings from the Annual Transport Conference at Aalborg University
The Role of a Musical Director in an Opera
Creators: name: Ray, Kayla A.
Publisher: name: Washington State University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Musical directors
Opera
Music

description: This papers aim is to assist anyone directing a musical production, focusing mainly on those who are new to working on an opera. More specifically, this paper will be looking at a musical director’s role when working with lead singers in a college or smaller company production. This is assuming the individual has basic knowledge of music history and theory, as well as singing. First defining what a musical director is, as well as the roles and responsibilities they may cover. Then Chapter 2 will cover the historical knowledge needed by looking at the compositional style of W.A. Mozart and the characterizations in his music. Chapter 3 applies the ideas from the first two chapters to Act 1, No.7, “Ah, son perduto...Cosa sento! Tosto andate” from Le Nozze di Figaro.
Conditional entropy-constrained vector quantization of chromatic information in document images.
Creators: name: Guillope, Vincent.
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Engineering, Electronics and Electrical.

description: We present in this thesis original research on Conditional Entropy-Constrained Vector Quantization (CECVQ) of chrominance information in document images. First, we review the existing image compression formats that could be used for document images: JPEG 2000, DjVu, LDF and PNG. Then, we develop the CECVQ algorithm to adapt it to image quantization and we show its excellent distortion-rate performance. Finally, we develop our own coding scheme targeted at the compression of chrominance information and based on the piecewise-constant model. Color space transformation, CECVQ and context-based entropy coding form the skeleton of our scheme. We also show the strengths and the weaknesses of this new coding scheme, and suggest possible improvements and other approaches.
Temarapport om "Sikkerhet i bil"
Creators: name: Mellum, Rolf
Publisher: name: Proceedings from the Annual Transport Conference at Aalborg University
Year: 2012

description: En undersøkelse av “postcrash”- fasen i 8 ulykker med tre og flere omkomne i 2008 og 2009 i Norge i 2008 og 2009. Artikkelen inneholder sammendrag, kort informasjon om metode, fakta og analyse samt konklusjoner og sikkerhetstilrådinger.
description: Proceedings from the Annual Transport Conference at Aalborg University, Vol. 1 No. 1 (2012): Proceedings from the Annual Transport Conference at Aalborg University
Les seigneuries dans le territoire actuel de l'Ontario.
Creators: name: Lecomte, Lucie.
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: History, Canadian.

description: Ce travail a pour but de démontrer que les quatre seigneuries de l'Ontario (Pointe-à-L'Orignal, Katarakoüï et les arrière-fiefs Toneguignon et Belle-Isle) étaient des rejetons du commerce des fourrures français. Conséquemment, le régime seigneurial, tel qu'il était appliqué dans les Pays-d'en-haut, était tout simplement une méthode de gestion de la terre qui permettait au propriétaire de contrôler les ressources naturelles sur sa propriété. Ainsi, les propriétaires de ces seigneuries formèrent une nouvelle classe de seigneurs/entrepreneurs qui se distinguaient des autres seigneurs de la vallée du St-Laurent. De fait, ils ne manifestaient pas d'attachement à la culture seigneuriale. Ce mode de gestion de la terre n'était pour eux qu'un outil grâce auquel ils pouvaient monopoliser les ressources sur leur terre. Le comportement de ces seigneurs des Pays-d'en-Haut, que l'on peut qualifier de phénomène, ressemble étrangement à celui des seigneurs canadien-sanglais capitalistes du 19e siècle.
WARC Thunderbird, Volume 8
Creators: name: Croes, Dale R.
Publisher: name: Washington State University
Year: 1988
Subjects: Washington Archeological Research Center
Archaeology

description: 1980's WARC (Washington Archeological Research Center) was an experiment in communitarianism for Northwest Archaeology--and it did WARC (Work). This is Volume 8 of our News Bulletin, the WARC Thunderbird, with Issues 1-2, 1988. The WARC Thunderbird provided a platform for communications across the region and contains a wealth of information about this formative period of Archaeology in Washington State. The Washington Archaeological Research Center was established in 1972 at Washington State University as a contract clearinghouse, mainly for Federal and State funded archaeological field projects, with the goal of assigning field projects throughout the state through a Scientific Committee with archaeologists at the six four-year universities and colleges. The founder of this phase of WARC’s operations was Dr. Richard D. Daugherty, Director, and most field projects were coordinated by his Assistant Harvey Rice. In 1980 the WARC Administrative Board, the Graduate Deans at the six four-year Washington colleges, and the Scientific Committee, felt each institution should be allowed to take their own directions as archaeological field contract programs, and decided to keep the general framework of WARC intact, to coordinate and maintain, with the State Office of Archaeology and Historic Preservation (OAHP), the State’s site records, contract/research reports library, and facilitate communications and coordination of general records-based research at the six WARC institution. Dr. Dale R. Croes was assigned Acting Director (a 1/2-time position) and he recruited Steven Hackenberger as his able Assistant Director. This revised structure continued to bring together the WARC Administrative Board, the Scientific Committee and the establishment of a broad Advisory Council representing private contract archaeologists; professional archaeologists from Oregon, Idaho, and British Columbia, Canada; Native American Representatives; Federal/State agencies; and Archaeological/Historical Societies. In many ways it was an effort to work together, using our limited resources, to promote archaeological interests (especially digitizing, standardizing and updating our paper-based archaeological site forms)—a coordinating of our discipline, in a form of communitarianism, based on the idea that those involved in archaeology were essentially cooperative (“good”) people who wanted to work together for our common goals.