cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Statistical Multifragmentation Model with Skyrme Effective Interactions
Creators: name: Souza, S. R.
name: Carlson, B. V.
name: Donangelo, R.
name: Lynch, W. G.
name: Steiner, A. W.
name: Tsang, M. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Statistical Multifragmentation Model is modified to incorporate the Helmholtz free energies calculated in the finite temperature Thomas-Fermi approximation using Skyrme effective interactions. In this formulation, the density of the fragments at the freeze-out configuration corresponds to the equilibrium value obtained in the Thomas-Fermi approximation at the given temperature. The behavior of the nuclear caloric curve at constant volume is investigated in the micro-canonical ensemble and a plateau is observed for excitation energies between 8 and 10 MeV per nucleon. A kink in the caloric curve is found at the onset of this gas transition, indicating the existence of a small excitation energy region with negative heat capacity. In contrast to previous statistical calculations, this situation takes place even in this case in which the system is constrained to fixed volume. The observed phase transition takes place at approximately constant entropy. The charge distribution and other observables also turn out to be sensitive to the treatment employed in the calculation of the free energies and the fragments' volumes at finite temperature, specially at high excitation energies. The isotopic distribution is also affected by this treatment, which suggests that this prescription may help to obtain information on the nuclear equation of state.
Sequence-Specific Fidelity Alterations Associated with West Nile Virus Attenuation in Mosquitoes
Creators: name: Cameron, C.E.
name: Lugo, A.J.
name: Kramer, L.D.
name: Van Slyke, G.A.
name: Arnold, J.J.
name: Moustafa, I.M.
name: Griesemer, S.B.
name: Cameron, C.E.
name: Lugo, A.J.
name: Van Slyke, G.A.
name: Kramer, L.D.
name: Griesemer, S.B.
name: Moustafa, I.M.
name: Ciota, A.T.
name: Arnold, J.J.
name: Ciota, A.T.
Publisher: name: Public Library of Science
Year: 2015

description: High rates of error-prone replication result in the rapid accumulation of genetic diversity of RNA viruses. Recent studies suggest that mutation rates are selected for optimal viral fitness and that modest variations in replicase fidelity may be associated with viral attenuation. Arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses) are unique in their requirement for host cycling and may necessitate substantial genetic and phenotypic plasticity. In order to more thoroughly investigate the correlates, mechanisms and consequences of arbovirus fidelity, we selected fidelity variants of West Nile virus (WNV; Flaviviridae, Flavivirus) utilizing selection in the presence of a mutagen. We identified two mutations in the WNV RNA-dependent RNA polymerase associated with increased fidelity, V793I and G806R, and a single mutation in the WNV methyltransferase, T248I, associated with decreased fidelity. Both deep-sequencing and in vitro biochemical assays confirmed strain-specific differences in both fidelity and mutational bias. WNV fidelity variants demonstrated host-specific alterations to replicative fitness in vitro, with modest attenuation in mosquito but not vertebrate cell culture. Experimental infections of colonized and field populations of Cx. quinquefaciatus demonstrated that WNV fidelity alterations are associated with a significantly impaired capacity to establish viable infections in mosquitoes. Taken together, these studies (i) demonstrate the importance of allosteric interactions in regulating mutation rates, (ii) establish that mutational spectra can be both sequence and strain-dependent, and (iii) display the profound phenotypic consequences associated with altered replication complex function of flaviviruses.
Systematic study of the pp -> pp omega reaction
Creators: name: TOF Collaboration
name: Abdel-Bary, M.
name: Abdel-Samad, S.
name: Brinkmann, K. -Th.
name: Clement, H.
name: Dietrich, J.
name: Doroshkevich, E.
name: Dshemuchadse, S.
name: Ehrhardt, K.
name: Erhardt, A.
name: Eyrich, W.
name: Filippi, A.
name: Freiesleben, H.
name: Fritsch, M.
name: Gast, W.
name: Gillitzer, A.
name: Gottwald, J.
name: Jäger, H.
name: Jakob, B.
name: Jäkel, R.
name: Karsch, L.
name: Kilian, K.
name: Koch, H.
name: Krapp, M.
name: Kreß, J.
name: Kuhlmann, E.
name: Lehmann, A.
name: Marcello, S.
name: Mauro, S.
name: Michel, P.
name: Möller, K.
name: Morsch, H. P.
name: Naumann, L.
name: Paul, N.
name: Pizzolotto, C.
name: Plettner, Ch.
name: Reimann, S.
name: Richter, M.
name: Ritman, J.
name: Roderburg, E.
name: Schamlott, A.
name: Schönmeier, P.
name: Schroeder, W.
name: Schulte-Wissermann, M.
name: Sefzick, T.
name: Steinke, M.
name: Sun, G. Y.
name: Teufel, A.
name: Ullrich, W.
name: Wagner, G. J.
name: Wagner, M.
name: Wenzel, R.
name: Wilms, A.
name: Wintz, P.
name: Wüstner, P.
name: Zupranski, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A systematic study of the production of omega-mesons in proton-proton-collisions was carried out in a kinematically complete experiment at three excess energies(epsilon= 92, 128, 173MeV). Both protons were detected using the large-acceptance COSY-TOF spectrometer at an external beam line at the Cooler Synchrotron COSY at Forschungszentrum Jülich. The total cross section, angular distributions of both omega-mesons and protons were measured and presented in various reference frames such as the overall CMS, helicity and Jackson frame. In addition, the orientation of the omega-spin and invariant mass spectra were determined. We observe omega-production to take place dominantly in Ss and Sp final states at epsilon = 92, 128 MeV and, additionally, in Sd at epsilon= 173 MeV. No obvious indication of resonant omega-production via N^*-resonances was found, as proton angular distributions are almost isotropic and invariant mass spectra are compatible with phase space distributions. A dominant role of ^3P_1 and ^1S_0 initial partial waves for omega-production was concluded from the orientation of the decay plane of the omega-meson. Although the Jackson angle distributions in the omega-p-Jackson frame are anisotropic we argue that this is not an indication of a resonance but rather a kinematical effect reflecting the anisotropy of the omega angular distribution. The helicity angle distribution in the omega-p-helicity frame shows an anisotropy which probably reflects effects of the omega angular momenta in the final state; this observable may be, in addition to the orientation of the omega decay plane, the most sensitive one to judge the validity of theoretical descriptions of the production process.
description: 17 pages, 16 figures, accepted for publication in EPJA
Modelling of parallel HVDC-AC power systems for dynamic studies and optimal stabilization
Creators: name: Metwally, Aly Abdelhameed
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Due to the fast response, the hvdc lines, when properly controlled, are very useful in stabilizing power systems. In this thesis dynamic modelling and linear optimal controls for dc/ac parallel power systems are Investigated. Beginning with a detailed representation of one machine-infinite bus dc/ac parallel power system several reduced order models with very good accuracy are developed. They are derived mainly through eigenvalue analysis but are compared in detail with the high order nonlinear model tests. Linear optimal control schemes, comprising excitation and/or dc reference current control signals, are designed and tested for two different one machine-infinite bus systems. After that a dynamic model for a three-terminal dc line in parallel with a delta-connected ac system is developed and again linear optimal controls are designed and tested. Two systems are studied; a two machine-infinite bus system and a three machine system. For each system two cases are investigated; two rectifiers and one inverter, or one rectifier and two inverters. It is found that in all cases the hvdc reference current control provides the most effective means in stabilizing large power systems.
PR - New Vision For New Zealand Strong Wool Industry (p254-264)
Creators: name: Garnevska, Elena
name: Conforte, Daniel
name: Dunlop, Sam
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Industrial Organization
subject: New Zealand wool
subject: cooperatives
subject: wool supply chain

description: The NZ wool industry has been in significant strife for a number of years due to long-term competition from synthetic fibres, the lack of cohesion amongst key players along the wool industry supply chain and the declining returns to sheep farmers. This paper aims to describe and discuss the current situation and recent marketing and branding initiatives in the New Zealand (NZ) strong wool industry. Several face-to-face and telephone interviews with key players of the NZ wool sector were undertaken in this study. The new NZ wool marketing and branding initiatives are still in their initial stage of development and their potential is debatable. There is some criticism that these marketing programmes have a modest contribution to solve the endemic fragmentation problem of the wool sector. An industry wide initiative is still required to address these challenges. How the competing marketing initiatives will evolve and who will reap the benefits is still to be determined.
description: Eighteenth International Farm Management Congress, Methven, New Zealand, 2011
PR - Evaluating The Effectiveness Of Video Case Studies As A Value Chain Management (teaching) Learning Methodology (p477-487)
Creators: name: Gooch, Martin
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession
subject: Value Chain Management
subject: Training
subject: Experiential Workshops

description: While value chain management is emerging as a business model that can assist farmers to adapt to a rapidly changing business environment, the rate at which closely-aligned value chains are forming in the agribusiness industry is slower than in other industries. This research examines the effectiveness of experiential workshops for motivating Canadian farm managers to adopt value chain management approaches. Structured to reflect theories of adult learning, value chain management and farmersâ€™ preferred learning styles, the workshops used a combination of video case studies of successful value chain initiatives and interaction among the participants to establish an emotional connection between the individuals and the topic of value chain management. The expectation was that this would motivate farm managers to learn about a topic not traditionally associated with agriculture, and lead to them applying the acquired knowledge to solve problems faced in their daily lives. The immediate effectiveness of the workshops was evaluated using exit surveys. The longer-term impact of the workshops on influencing changes in the perceptions, attitudes and behaviour of farm managers was evaluated through interviews conducted an average of 14 months after each workshop. To gain broader insights into not just if, but also why, the workshops may have been effective in motivating changes in the farm managersâ€™ attitude and behaviour, interviews were also conducted with the workshop hosts and organizers. That the researcher and workshop facilitator was the same person, further strengthened the chain of evidence that stretched from the workshopsâ€™ inception through to the collection and analysis of results. The results show that experiential workshops are an effective means of motivating farm managers to learn about topics not traditionally associated with agriculture, then act upon their newly acquired knowledge. In changing the majority of participantsâ€™ perceptions towards their businesses, other value chain participants and the overall environment in which their businesses operate, the majority of farm managers who attended the workshops were found to have made changes in the business practices. Forty percent of those who changed their behaviour benefitted financially through increased revenue, reduced costs, or a combination of both.
description: Eighteenth International Farm Management Congress, Methven, New Zealand, 2011
High-precision multi-band measurements of the angular clustering of X-ray sources
Creators: name: Ebrero, J.
name: Mateos, S.
name: Stewart, G. C.
name: Carrera, F. J.
name: Watson, M. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we present the two-point angular correlation function of the X-ray source population of 1063 XMM-Newton observations at high Galactic latitudes, comprising up to ~30000 sources over a sky area of 125.5 sq. deg, in three energy bands: 0.5-2 (soft), 2-10 (hard), and 4.5-10 (ultrahard) keV. We have measured the angular clustering of our survey and find significant positive clustering signals in the soft and hard bands, and a marginal clustering detection in the ultrahard band. We find dependency of the clustering strength on the flux limit and no significant differences in the clustering properties between sources with high hardness ratios and those with low hardness ratios. Our results show that obscured and unobscured objects share similar clustering properties and therefore they both reside in similar environments, in agreement with the unified model of AGN. We deprojected the angular clustering parameters via Limber's equation to compute their typical spatial lengths. From that we have inferred the typical mass of the dark matter haloes in which AGN at redshifts of ~1 are embedded. The short AGN lifetimes derived suggest that AGN activity might be a transient phase that can be experienced several times by a large fraction of galaxies throughout their lives.
description: 14 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics
Genetic loci influencing kidney function and chronic kidney disease
Creators: name: Dikkeschei, L.D.
name: Roderick, P.J.
name: Spector, T.D.
name: Lawlor, D.A.
name: Luttropp, K.
name: Uda, M.
name: Caulfield, M.J.
name: Hypponen, E.
name: Mooser, V.
name: Sehmi, J.S.
name: Cook, H.T.
name: Wallace, C.
name: Prokopenko, I.
name: Pouta, A.
name: Maxwell, P.H.
name: Scott, J.
name: Smit, J.H.
name: Snieder, H.
name: Zerres, K.
name: Devuyst, O.
name: Ubink-Veltmaat, L.J.
name: Kleefstra, N.
name: Lightstone, L.
name: Deng, G.
name: Wass, M.N.
name: Bochud, M.
name: Lagou, V.
name: Van Der Heide, J.J.H.
name: Sanna, S.
name: Shuldiner, A.R.
name: Zhang, W.
name: Maréchal, C.
name: Johnson, T.
name: Stenvinkel, P.
name: Lapsley, M.
name: Dockrell, M.
name: Chambers, J.C.
name: Dominiczak, A.
name: Dimkovic, N.
name: McCarthy, M.I.
name: Penninx, B.W.
name: Samani, N.J.
name: Gale, D.P.
name: Farrall, M.
name: Vollenweider, P.
name: Perucha, E.
name: Schalling, M.
name: Ferrucci, L.
name: Han, X.
name: Wareham, N.J.
name: Schlieper, G.
name: Munroe, P.B.
name: Tanaka, T.
name: Elliott, P.
name: Nordfors, L.
name: Bakker, S.J.L.
name: De Jong, P.E.
name: Kooner, J.S.
name: Li, Y.
name: Schlessinger, D.
name: Forouhi, N.G.
name: De Silva, R.
name: Gansevoort, R.T.
name: Hernandez-Fuentes, M.
name: Sjögren, M.
name: Waterworth, D.
name: Ruokonen, A.
name: Lord, G.M.
name: Van Der Harst, P.
name: Smith, G.D.
name: Loos, R.J.F.
name: Cotlarciuc, I.
name: Hedblad, B.
name: Bilo, H.J.G.
name: Ahmadi, K.R.
name: Jarvelin, M.-R.
name: Soranzo, N.
name: Brown, M.J.
name: Swaminathan, R.
name: Beckmann, J.
name: Waeber, G.
name: Melander, O.
name: Seelen, M.A.J.
name: Peltonen, L.
name: Luan, J.
name: Connell, J.M.C.
name: Floege, J.
name: Abecasis, G.R.
name: Hepkema, B.G.
name: Sternberg, M.J.E.
name: Ebrahim, S.
name: Parsa, A.
name: Eggermann, T.
name: Navis, G.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Using genome-wide association, we identify common variants at 2p12-p13, 6q26, 17q23 and 19q13 associated with serum creatinine, a marker of kidney function (P = 10 10 to 10 15). Of these, rs10206899 (near NAT8, 2p12-p13) and rs4805834 (near SLC7A9, 19q13) were also associated with chronic kidney disease (P = 5.0 × 10 5 and P = 3.6 × 10 4, respectively). Our findings provide insight into metabolic, solute and drug-transport pathways underlying susceptibility to chronic kidney disease.
Conformational ensemble of the poliovirus 3CD precursor observed by MD simulations and confirmed by SAXS: A strategy to expand the viral proteome?
Creators: name: Yennawar, N.
name: Gohara, D.W.
name: Yennawar, N.
name: Cameron, C.E.
name: Moustafa, I.M.
name: Uchida, A.
name: Uchida, A.
name: Moustafa, I.M.
name: Gohara, D.W.
name: Cameron, C.E.
Publisher: name: MDPI AG
Year: 2015

description: The genomes of RNA viruses are relatively small. To overcome the small-size limitation, RNA viruses assign distinct functions to the processed viral proteins and their precursors. This is exemplified by poliovirus 3CD protein. 3C protein is a protease and RNA-binding protein. 3D protein is an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp). 3CD exhibits unique protease and RNA-binding activities relative to 3C and is devoid of RdRp activity. The origin of these differences is unclear, since crystal structure of 3CD revealed “beads-on-a-string” structure with no significant structural differences compared to the fully processed proteins. We performed molecular dynamics (MD) simulations on 3CD to investigate its conformational dynamics. A compact conformation of 3CD was observed that was substantially different from that shown crystallographically. This new conformation explained the unique properties of 3CD relative to the individual proteins. Interestingly, simulations of mutant 3CD showed altered interface. Additionally, accelerated MD simulations uncovered a conformational ensemble of 3CD. When we elucidated the 3CD conformations in solution using small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) experiments a range of conformations from extended to compact was revealed, validating the MD simulations. The existence of conformational ensemble of 3CD could be viewed as a way to expand the poliovirus proteome, an observation that may extend to other viruses.
Scoparia fulvida Leger 2024, sp. n.
Creators: name: Léger, Théo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Crambidae
Scoparia
Scoparia fulvida

description: Scoparia fulvida Léger, sp. n.
https://zoobank.org/BD66B868-DB40-48AC-8EF7-ED-BADEB025E9
Figs. 09, 65.
MATERIAL
Holotype: ♂ (specimen identifier coll.mfn-berlin.de_u_260fad, DNA extraction MFNLEP-PYRALPHIL07-E01, genitalia preparation TL1013♂; BOLD sample ID PYPHI112-21, Genbank Accession Number PP196798). PHILIPPINES: Mindanao, Mount Agtuuganon, 1050 m, 28.05-07.06.1996 (W. Mey). Deposited in MfN.
Paratype: 1 ♂ (specimen identifier coll.mfn-berlin.de_u_58d7a2) (detailed information in Table S1; https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.b8gtht7mh).
DIAGNOSIS
Scoparia fulvida sp. n. displays a light tawny brown forewing ground color with broad white markings (Fig. 09). Examination of the male genitalia (Fig. 65) enables unambiguous identification: the small teeth on apical 1/3 of the gnathos and the dense row of cornuti on phallus are unique to this species. Females are not known.
HABITUS (FIG. 09)
Forewing length 6 mm (n = 1), ground color tawny brown, with white markings. Basal area tawny brown, with two antemedian transverse white bands crossing at midlength, forming X-shaped pattern. Median area basally brown, distally white, median markings absent. Postmedian and subterminal areas predominantly brown. Postmedian line white, well-marked, straight on costal ¼, arched outwards at midlength, incurved inwards near dorsum. Subterminal line white, bent inwardly, forming together with postmedian line a roughly defined X-shaped pattern. Margin with 6-7 marked brown spots. Fringes brownish. Hindwing dirty white, with apex pale brown.
MALE GENITALIA (FIG. 65)
Uncus 5/4 X tegumen arm length, latero-apically setose, apex pointed. Gnathos projection 3/5 X uncus length, roughly straight, apical 1/3 dorsally covered with minute teeth. Valva dorsal margin convex, sclerotized, ventral process marked, valva apex evenly rounded. Juxta base triangular; sclerotization spear-shaped, apex membranous. Vesica with one thick row of about 20 tiny cornuti tightly packed together, with size increasing from 8 to 50 μm.
FEMALE GENITALIA
Unknown.
DISTRIBUTION
PHILIPPINES: Mindanao (Davao oriental: Mount Agtuuganon). Collected at an altitude of 1050 m.
DNA BARCODING
The unique specimen with a DNA barcode branches as sister group to Scoparia luzonensis sp. n. in the RaxML analysis (BS = 83%).
ETYMOLOGY
The species name is derivated from fulvidus, a, um, “reddish brown,” refering to the color of the forewing markings.
description: Published as part of Léger, Théo, 2024, Half of the Diversity Undescribed: Integrative Taxonomy Reveals 32 New Species and a High Cryptic Diversity in the Scopariinae and Crambinae of the Philippines (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), pp. 1-93 in Bulletin of the Society of Systematic Biologists 3 (2) on page 13, DOI: 10.18061/bssb.v3i2.9527, http://zenodo.org/record/15116964
Genome-wide association study identifies variants in TMPRSS6 associated with hemoglobin levels
Creators: name: Sehmi, J.
name: Sternberg, M.J.E.
name: Wass, M.N.
name: Li, Y.
name: Ruokonen, A.
name: Kooner, J.S.
name: Maxwell, P.H.
name: Hoggart, C.
name: Peltonen, L.
name: Elliott, P.
name: Srai, S.K.
name: McCarthy, M.I.
name: Scott, J.
name: Chambers, J.C.
name: Jarvelin, M.-R.
name: Zabaneh, D.
name: Zhang, W.
name: Abecasis, G.
name: Bayele, H.
name: Freimer, N.B.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: We carried out a genome-wide association study of hemoglobin levels in 16,001 individuals of European and Indian Asian ancestry. The most closely associated SNP (rs855791) results in nonsynonymous (V736A) change in the serine protease domain of TMPRSS6 and a blood hemoglobin concentration 0.13 (95% CI 0.09-0.17) g/dl lower per copy of allele A (P = 1.6 × 10 13). Our findings suggest that TMPRSS6, a regulator of hepcidin synthesis and iron handling, is crucial in hemoglobin level maintenance.
CFH haplotypes without the Y402H coding variant show strong association with susceptibility to age-related macular degeneration
Creators: name: Branham, K.E.H.
name: Liang, L.
name: Swaroop, A.
name: Othman, M.
name: Atmaca-Sonmez, P.
name: Zareparsi, S.
name: Wade, M.S.
name: Li, Y.
name: Khanna, R.
name: Li, M.
name: Abecasis, G.R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2006

description: In developed countries, age-related macular degeneration is a common cause of blindness in the elderly. A common polymorphism, encoding the sequence variation Y402H in complement factor H (CFH), has been strongly associated with disease susceptibility. Here, we examined 84 polymorphisms in and around CFH in 726 affected individuals (including 544 unrelated individuals) and 268 unrelated controls. In this sample, 20 of these polymorphisms showed stronger association with disease susceptibility than the Y402H variant. Further, no single polymorphism could account for the contribution of the CFH locus to disease susceptibility. Instead, multiple polymorphisms defined a set of four common haplotypes (of which two were associated with disease susceptibility and two seemed to be protective) and multiple rare haplotypes (associated with increased susceptibility in aggregate). Our results suggest that there are multiple disease susceptibility alleles in the region and that noncoding CFH variants play a role in disease susceptibility.
PR - Comparison Of The Productivity And Profitability Of Organic And Conventional Farms In The New Zealand Sheep/beef And Kiwifruit Sectors 2002/03 To 2007/08 (p110-121)
Creators: name: Greer, Glen
name: Hunt, Lesley
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: organic agriculture
subject: sustainable land-use
subject: land use systems

description: Organic industries world-wide have been expanding rapidly over the past decade but there has been comparatively little recent discussion of the relative financial performance of organic and conventional farming systems. If organic agriculture is to contribute to improved environmental and economic outcomes in New Zealand in future, this in an issue of considerable importance to farmers considering organic conversion. The Agriculture Research Group on Sustainability (ARGOS) has been examining the sustainability of organic and conventional land-use systems in New Zealand, by monitoring the comparative performance of these production systems with respect to a wide range of environmental, social, economic and management parameters over the last seven years. Financial data from matched clusters of sheep/beef farms from the east coast of the South Island and clusters of kiwifruit orchards, mainly located in the Bay of Plenty, have been analysed on their own and in conjunction with social data to identify differences in farm financial performance. In this paper a brief summary of international conclusions on relative organic profitability precedes the description of the results of the first six yearsâ€™ ARGOS monitoring of farm financial performance in the sheep/beef and kiwifruit sectors. The results show that, while there are some significant differences in farm costs and revenues between farming systems within a sector, there is greater variability in the â€œbottom-lineâ€ indicators of profitability within farming systems than between them and few conclusions can be drawn about relative profitability. Analysis of the data suggests that the characteristics of individual farmers may have more influence on farm financial outcomes than the management systems they adopt.
description: Eighteenth International Farm Management Congress, Methven, New Zealand, 2011
Observations of "wisps" in magnetohydrodynamic simulations of the Crab Nebula
Creators: name: Camus, N. F.
name: Komissarov, S. S.
name: Bucciantini, N.
name: Hughes, P. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this letter, we describe results of new high-resolution axisymmetric relativistic MHD simulations of Pulsar Wind Nebulae. The simulations reveal strong breakdown of the equatorial symmetry and highly variable structure of the pulsar wind termination shock. The synthetic synchrotron maps, constructed using a new more accurate approach, show striking similarity with the well known images of the Crab Nebula obtained by Chandra, and the Hubble Space Telescope. In addition to the jet-torus structure, these maps reproduce the Crab's famous moving wisps whose speed and rateof production agree with the observations. The variability is then analyzed using various statistical methods, including the method of structure function and wavelet transform. The results point towards the quasi-periodic behaviour with the periods of 1.5-3yr and MHD turbulence on scales below 1yr. The full account of this study will be presented in a follow up paper.
description: Submitted to MNRAS
Nucleobase but not sugar fidelity is maintained in the Sabin I RNA-dependent RNA polymerase
Creators: name: Cameron, C.E.
name: Liu, X.
name: Boehr, D.D.
name: Cameron, C.E.
name: Boehr, D.D.
name: Liu, X.
name: Arnold, J.J.
name: Yang, X.
name: Musser, D.M.
name: Yang, X.
name: Musser, D.M.
name: Lee, C.A.
name: Arnold, J.J.
name: Lee, C.A.
Publisher: name: MDPI AG
Year: 2015

description: The Sabin I poliovirus live, attenuated vaccine strain encodes for four amino acid changes (i.e., D53N, Y73H, K250E, and T362I) in the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp). We have previously shown that the T362I substitution leads to a lower fidelity RdRp, and viruses encoding this variant are attenuated in a mouse model of poliovirus. Given these results, it was surprising that the nucleotide incorporation rate and nucleobase fidelity of the Sabin I RdRp is similar to that of wild-type enzyme, although the Sabin I RdRp is less selective against nucleotides with modified sugar groups. We suggest that the other Sabin amino acid changes (i.e., D53N, Y73H, K250E) help to re-establish nucleotide incorporation rates and nucleotide discrimination near wild-type levels, which may be a requirement for the propagation of the virus and its efficacy as a vaccine strain. These results also suggest that the nucleobase fidelity of the Sabin I RdRp likely does not contribute to viral attenuation.
The murderous Machiavel
Creators: name: Scott, MD
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: The thesis is intended primarily as an examination of the earlier Machiavels from their first appearance in The Spanish Tragedy and The Jew of Malta, through to 1604, which is probably the year in which Othello and The Malcontent were composed. It is also intended to prepare the ground for a more exhaustive study, which, in moving on to a scrutiny of the Jacobean Machiavels, might bring out certain contrasts between the early type and the later one. In Chapter One the question of whether the Machiavels have anything in common with Machiavelli or with the political exemplars of The Prince and The Discourses is raised. Despite the widespread belief that the Elizabethans possessed little firsthand knowledge of Machiavelli and that the Machiavel embodies the distortion of Machiavellian theory presented in Gentillet's Contre-Machiavel, an examination of the evidence suggests different conclusions. It appears that a number of editions of Machiavelli' works were available in the sixteenth century; Elizabethan prose commentary reveals, often a detailed knowledge of Machiavellian theory; beneath the sensational, legendary accretions there lies in both the prose and the drama an apparently informed and thoughtful critique of Machiavellianism in which the principal charges are those of atheism, amoral egoism, destructiveness and cunning. In Chapter Two the substance of these charges is scrutinised. Some examination of The Prince and The Discourses suggests that the Elizabethans were wholly justified in interpreting Machiavelli's works as they did. In the remaining four chapters the Machiavel is shown to be a peculiar type of villain, characterised by qualities which are essentially those inherent in Machiavelli's doctrines. By examining a wide range of characters and by drawing comparisons between the genuine Machiavellian and other figures, cast in different moulds, the central characteristics of the type are gradually defined. It is shown that although the Machiavel does not always reject God explicitly he is always the materialistic enemy of the God-centred world in which, commonly, the Elizabethan dramatist places him. Despite some apparent affection for others or sudden recantation, the Machiavel while he remains true to type, is an egoist, dedicated to the ruthless and amoral pursuit of personal power and gratification. He is a destroyer of life and of order in the mind, the family , the state and the universe. Finally, in his \politic\" cunning he employs reason in a limited but lethal fashion. Always in the earlier plays the Machiavel is eventually defeated by the forces of righteousness but at the same time he can be understood only when he is recognised as an embodiment of the real and massive threat to Christian civilisation which the Elizabethans discerned in the doctrines of Machiavelli."
PR - Models Of Growth In Agri And Food Cooperatives (p406-417)
Creators: name: Hansen, Henning Otte
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Growth cooperative merger acquisition driver

description: Growth is a major strategic goal for many agri. and food companies all over the world, and growth is necessary to maintain and enhance international competitiveness. For years, growth through mergers among national cooperatives has been rather uncomplicated. However, growth through international mergers and acquisitions is much more demanding and difficult for cooperatives. Mergers with - or acquisitions of - foreign capital owned companies are often rather capital intensive, and cooperatives do not have the same options and instruments to attract equity capital from the stock markets as shareholding companies. This makes it necessary to define and develop new models for growth of cooperatives. The models can range from sophistication of the present cooperatives to a total showdown with the idea of cooperatives in agri. and food business. In this article, eight different models are presented and discussed. Furthermore, some examples of how the models are implemented and used by farmers and cooperate members in order to be able to generate more growth in agri. and food industries, are described. Finally, a number of crucial factors and preconditions, which should be taken into account when considering new corporate structures, are discussed.,
description: Eighteenth International Farm Management Congress, Methven, New Zealand, 2011
Structural dynamics as a contributor to error-prone replication by an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase
Creators: name: Marcotte, L.L.
name: Yang, X.
name: Colina, C.M.
name: Arnold, J.J.
name: Smidansky, E.D.
name: Boehr, D.D.
name: Korboukh, V.K.
name: Gohara, D.W.
name: Marcotte, L.L.
name: Boehr, D.D.
name: Arnold, J.J.
name: Saánchez-Farraán, M.A.
name: Cameron, C.E.
name: Filman, D.
name: Smidansky, E.D.
name: Maranas, J.K.
name: Moustafa, I.M.
name: Yang, X.
name: Hogle, J.M.
name: Moustafa, I.M.
name: Filman, D.
name: Colina, C.M.
name: Korboukh, V.K.
name: Cameron, C.E.
name: Gohara, D.W.
name: Hogle, J.M.
name: Saánchez-Farraán, M.A.
name: Maranas, J.K.
Publisher: name: American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Inc.
Year: 2014

description: RNA viruses encoding high- or low-fidelity RNA-dependent RNA polymerases (RdRp) are attenuated. The ability to predict residues of the RdRp required for faithful incorporation of nucleotides represents an essential step in any pipeline intended to exploit perturbed fidelity as the basis for rational design of vaccine candidates. We used x-ray crystallography, molecular dynamics simulations,NMRspectroscopy, and pre-steady-state kinetics to compare a mutator (H273R) RdRp from poliovirus to the wild-type (WT) enzyme. We show that the nucleotide-binding site toggles between the nucleotide binding-occluded and nucleotide binding-competent states. The conformational dynamics between these states were enhanced by binding to primed template RNA. For the WT, the occluded conformation was favored; for H273R, the competent conformation was favored. The resonance for Met-187 in our NMR spectra reported on the ability of the enzyme to check the correctness of the bound nucleotide. Kinetic experiments were consistent with the conformational dynamics contributing to the established pre-incorporation conformational change and fidelity checkpoint. For H273R, residues comprising the active site spent more time in the catalytically competent conformation and were more positively correlated than the WT. We propose that by linking the equilibrium between the binding-occluded and binding-competent conformations of the nucleotide-binding pocket and other active-site dynamics to the correctness of the bound nucleotide, faithful nucleotide incorporation is achieved. These studies underscore the need to apply multiple biophysical and biochemical approaches to the elucidation of the physical basis for polymerase fidelity.
PR - How Business Management Games Can Be Used To Analyze The Boundedly Rational Behaviour Of Economic Agents (p388-395)
Creators: name: Hengel, Philipp
name: Hirschauer, Norbert
name: MuÃŸhoff, Oliver
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: Agribusiness

description: Regulatory policies often aim to steer the behaviour of economic agents by changing their economic environment. Assessing the potential impacts of regulatory policies requires predictions about how humans adapt to such changes. One important prerequisite for meaningful policy impact analysis is in-depth knowledge of why and to what extent economic agents behave in a boundedly rational way. We propose that business management games be used to contribute towards better understanding of agent behaviours since they provide an inexpensive opportunity to reach beyond existing anecdotal evidence concerning â€œbehavioural anomaliesâ€. Modifying an existing business management game in which investment, financing and production decisions have to be made, we demonstrate how bounded rationality can be quantified and separated into its two components: incomplete information and limited cognitive abilities. The resulting data show that decisions made by participants in this game are strongly influenced by bounded rationality. They also show that both incomplete information and limited cognitive abilities are relevant components of the bounded rationality displayed by players.
description: Eighteenth International Farm Management Congress, Methven, New Zealand, 2011
RNA virus population diversity, an optimum for maximal fitness and virulence
Creators: name: Vignuzzi, M.
name: Cameron, C.E.
name: Lee, C.A.
name: Vignuzzi, M.
name: Xiao, Y.
name: Korboukh, V.K.
name: Acevedo, A.
name: Andino, R.
name: August, A.
name: Andino, R.
name: Cameron, C.E.
name: Graci, J.D.
name: Hemperly, S.
name: August, A.
name: Arnold, J.J.
name: Korboukh, V.K.
name: Xiao, Y.
name: Lee, C.A.
name: Graci, J.D.
name: Arnold, J.J.
name: Acevedo, A.
name: Hemperly, S.
Publisher: name: American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Inc.
Year: 2014

description: The ability of an RNA virus to exist as a population of genetically distinct variants permits the virus to overcome events during infections that would otherwise limit virus multiplication or drive the population to extinction. Viral genetic diversity is created by the ribonucleotide misincorporation frequency of the viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp). We have identified a poliovirus (PV) RdRp derivative (H273R) possessing a mutator phenotype. GMP misincorporation efficiency for H273R RdRp in vitro was increased by 2-3-fold that manifested in a 2-3-fold increase in the diversity of the H273R PV population in cells. Circular sequencing analysis indicated that some mutations were RdRp-independent. Consistent with the population genetics theory, H273R PV was driven to extinction more easily than WT in cell culture. Furthermore, we observed a substantial reduction in H273R PV virulence, measured as the ability to cause paralysis in the cPVR mouse model. Reduced virulence correlated with the inability of H273R PV to sustain replication in tissues/organs in which WT persists. Despite the attenuated phenotype, H273R PV was capable of replicating in mice to levels sufficient to induce a protective immune response, even when the infecting dose used was insufficient to elicit any visual signs of infection. We conclude that optimal RdRp fidelity is a virulence determinant that can be targeted for viral attenuation or antiviral therapies, and we suggest that the RdRp may not be the only source of mutations in a RNA virus genome.
Expanding the proteome of an RNA virus by phosphorylation of an intrinsically disordered viral protein
Creators: name: Hargittai, M.R.S.
name: Subba-Reddy, C.V.
name: Cordek, D.G.
name: Lindenbach, B.D.
name: Lindenbach, B.D.
name: McCrory, T.S.
name: Ning, G.
name: Hwang, J.
name: Showalter, S.A.
name: Cordek, D.G.
name: Koc, H.
name: Arnold, J.J.
name: Croom-Perez, T.J.
name: Subba-Reddy, C.V.
name: McCrory, T.S.
name: Lodeiro, M.F.
name: Cameron, C.E.
name: Han, Q.
name: Han, Q.
name: Lodeiro, M.F.
name: Showalter, S.A.
name: Ning, G.
name: Arnold, J.J.
name: Croom-Perez, T.J.
name: Hargittai, M.R.S.
name: Cameron, C.E.
name: Koc, H.
name: Hwang, J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: The human proteome contains myriad intrinsically disordered proteins. Within intrinsically disordered proteins, polyproline-II motifs are often located near sites of phosphorylation. Wehave used an unconventional experimental paradigm to discover that phosphorylation by protein kinase A (PKA) occurs in the intrinsically disordered domain of hepatitis C virus nonstructural protein 5A (NS5A) on Thr-2332 near one of its polyproline-II motifs. Phosphorylation shifts the conformational ensemble of the NS5A intrinsically disordered domain to a state that permits detection of the polyproline motif by using 15N-, 13C-based multidimensional NMR spectroscopy. PKA-dependent proline resonances were lost in the presence of the Src homology 3 domain of c-Src, consistent with formation of a complex. Changing Thr-2332 to alanine in hepatitisCvirus genotype 1b reduced the steady-state level of RNA by 10-fold; this change was lethal for genotype 2a. The lethal phenotype could be rescued by changing Thr-2332 to glutamic acid, a phosphomimetic substitution. Immunofluorescence and transmission electron microscopy showed that the inability to produce Thr(P)-2332-NS5A caused loss of integrity of the virus-induced membranous web/replication organelle. An even more extreme phenotype was observed in the presence of small molecule inhibitors of PKA. We conclude that the PKA-phosphorylated form of NS5A exhibits unique structure and function relative to the unphosphorylated protein. We suggest that post-translational modification of viral proteins containing intrinsic disorder may be a general mechanism to expand the viral proteome without a corresponding expansion of the genome.
Renée Wagener, Emanzipation und Antisemitismus. Die jüdische Minderheit in Luxemburg vom 19. bis zum beginnenden 21. Jahrhundert, Berlin (Metropol Verlag) 2022
Creators: name: Payen, Guillaume
Publisher: name: Francia-Recensio
Year: 2023

description: Renée Wagener, Emanzipation und Antisemitismus. Die jüdische Minderheit in Luxemburg vom 19. bis zum beginnenden 21. Jahrhundert, Berlin (Metropol Verlag) 2022, 725 S., Abb., Diag. (Studien zum Antisemitismus in Europa, 16), ISBN 978-3-86331-655-6, EUR 36,00.
description: Francia-Recensio, 2023/4
Mathematics assessment in the primary school
Creators: name: Sierink, Tania
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: As society evolves and changes, so does the education system within it. Educators, and in particular teachers, are constantly looking for more effective ways to develop children's knowledge, understandings, attitudes and skills. The changing needs of society, as well as changes in educational philosophy, have led to the development of \new\" curriculums and guidelines in the mathematics area -as well as in other educational areas. One important and complex aspect of these documents and of current teaching and learning practices is the issue of assessment. A number of factors relating to the issue of assessment are considered in this study. These factors include the aims of assessment what to assess and when the use of the most appropriate and effective methods of assessment and consideration of the role that assessment plays in the context of the complete mathematics program in view of the current changes in educational philosophy and practice. The Australian perspective on mathematics assessment is examined and some of the recently occurring changes in assessment and reporting practices are outlined briefly. In a case study on assessment and reporting practices a series of questions on assessment are given to eight teachers from one school. These questions aim to determine the essential components of their assessment practices and the role that assessment plays in their classroom mathematics program. Some of the results of the investigation are then compared with associated research on assessment."
Cytoplasmic Viral RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase Disrupts the Intracellular Splicing Machinery by Entering the Nucleus and Interfering with Prp8
Creators: name: Liu, H.
name: Cameron, C.E.
name: Shih, S.-R.
name: Chen, S.-J.
name: Huang, P.-N.
name: Liu, Y.-C.
name: Arnold, J.J.
name: Shih, S.-R.
name: Lin, J.-Y.
name: Huang, Y.
name: Liu, H.
name: Huang, P.-N.
name: Wang, R.Y.-L.
name: Arnold, J.J.
name: Cameron, C.E.
name: Huang, Y.
name: Wang, R.Y.-L.
name: Lin, J.-Y.
name: Kuo, R.-L.
name: Kuo, R.-L.
name: Chen, S.-J.
name: Liu, Y.-C.
Publisher: name: Public Library of Science
Year: 2014

description: The primary role of cytoplasmic viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) is viral genome replication in the cellular cytoplasm. However, picornaviral RdRp denoted 3D polymerase (3Dpol) also enters the host nucleus, where its function remains unclear. In this study, we describe a novel mechanism of viral attack in which 3Dpol enters the nucleus through the nuclear localization signal (NLS) and targets the pre-mRNA processing factor 8 (Prp8) to block pre-mRNA splicing and mRNA synthesis. The fingers domain of 3Dpol associates with the C-terminal region of Prp8, which contains the Jab1/MPN domain, and interferes in the second catalytic step, resulting in the accumulation of the lariat form of the splicing intermediate. Endogenous pre-mRNAs trapped by the Prp8-3Dpol complex in enterovirus-infected cells were identified and classed into groups associated with cell growth, proliferation, and differentiation. Our results suggest that picornaviral RdRp disrupts pre-mRNA splicing processes, that differs from viral protease shutting off cellular transcription and translation which contributes to the pathogenesis of viral infection. © 2014 Liu et al.
George Steinmetz, The Colonial Origins of Modern Social Thought. French Sociology and the Overseas Empire, Princeton (Princeton University Press) 2023
Creators: name: Osterhammel, Jürgen
Publisher: name: Francia-Recensio
Year: 2023

description: George Steinmetz, The Colonial Origins of Modern Social Thought. French Sociology and the Overseas Empire, Princeton (Princeton University Press) 2023, 576 p., 47 b/w fig. (Princeton Modern Knowledge), ISBN 978-0-691-23742-8, USD 45,00.
description: Francia-Recensio, 2023/4
Meredith L. Scott, The Lifeline. Salomon Grumbach and the Quest for Safety, Leiden (Brill Academic Publishers) 2022
Creators: name: Späth, Jens
Publisher: name: Francia-Recensio
Year: 2023

description: Meredith L. Scott, The Lifeline. Salomon Grumbach and the Quest for Safety, Leiden (Brill Academic Publishers) 2022, 186 p. (Brill’s Series in Jewish Studies, 72), ISBN 978-90-04-51439-3, EUR 126,00.
description: Francia-Recensio, 2023/4
Wolfgang Schieder, Ein faschistischer Diktator. Adolf Hitler Biografie, Darmstadt (Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft) 2023
Creators: name: Overy, Richard
Publisher: name: Francia-Recensio
Year: 2023

description: Wolfgang Schieder, Ein faschistischer Diktator. Adolf Hitler Biografie, Darmstadt (Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft) 2023, 272 S., 25 s/w Abb., ISBN 978-3-8062-4569-1, EUR 29,00.
description: Francia-Recensio, 2023/4