cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
CVD grown nitrogen doped graphene is an exceptional visible-light driven photocatalyst for surface catalytic reactions
Creators: name: Kumar, Pawan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 30402 Biomolecular Modelling and Design
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 30601 Catalysis and Mechanisms of Reactions
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 30301 Chemical Characterisation of Materials
subject: 30602 Chemical Thermodynamics and Energetics
subject: 30603 Colloid and Surface Chemistry
subject: 30102 Electroanalytical Chemistry
subject: 30604 Electrochemistry
subject: Environmental Chemistry
subject: 39901 Environmental Chemistry (incl. Atmospheric Chemistry)
subject: 39902 Forensic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Other medical sciences

description: The photocatalytic potential of large area CVD grown nitrogen doped graphene (NGr) has been explored though the chemical transformation of 4-nitrobenzene thiol into p,p'-dimercaptoazobenzene. Decoration of NGr with Ag nanocubes with rounded edges to form NGr/Ag nanohybrids resulted in a slight increase in the work-function and a decrease in the n-type character of NGr due to ground state transfer of negative charge from NGr to Ag. The Ag nanocubes exhibited a localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) at ~425 nm. When the NGr/Ag nanohybrids were illuminated with visible light of wavelength close to the LSPR peak, Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM) indicated a dramatic change in surface potential of −225 mV and Raman spectra detected electron accumulation in NGr, which are attributed to a high local field enhancement-mediated hot electron injection into NGr and the formation of long-lived charge separated states.
Gravitation: in search of the missing torsion
Creators: name: Aldrovandi, R.
name: Pereira, J. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A linear Lorentz connection has always two fundamental derived characteristics: curvature and torsion. The latter is assumed to vanish in general relativity. Three gravitational models involving non-vanishing torsion are examined: teleparallel gravity, Einstein-Cartan, and new general relativity. Their dependability is critically examined. Although a final answer can only be given by experience, it is argued that teleparallel gravity provides the most consistent approach.
description: 18 pages. To be published in the special issue on torsion of the Annales de la Fondation Louis de Broglie, volume editor V. Dvoeglazov
Does Hazardous Waste Matter? Evidence from the Housing Market and the Superfund Program
Creators: name: Greenstone, Michael
name: Gallagher, Justin
name: Greenstone, Michael
name: Gallagher, Justin
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy

description: Approximately $30 billion (2000$) has been spent on Superfund clean-ups of hazardous waste sites, and remediation efforts are incomplete at roughly half of the 1,500 Superfund sites. This study estimates the effect of Superfund clean-ups on local housing price appreciation. We compare housing price growth in the areas surrounding the first 400 hazardous waste sites to be cleaned up through the Superfund program to the areas surrounding the 290 sites that narrowly missed qualifying for these clean-ups. We cannot reject that the clean-ups had no effect on local housing price growth, nearly two decades after these sites became eligible for them. This finding is robust to a series of specification checks, including the application of a quasi-experimental regression discontinuity design based on knowledge of the selection rule. Overall, the preferred estimates suggest that the benefits of Superfund clean-ups as measured through the housing market are substantially lower than the $43 million mean cost of Superfund clean-ups.
Semantic Draw Engineering for Text-to-Image Creation
Creators: name: Li, Yang
name: Jiang, Huaqiang
name: Wu, Yangkai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Text-to-image generation is conducted through Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) or transformer models. However, the current challenge lies in accurately generating images based on textual descriptions, especially in scenarios where the content and theme of the target image are ambiguous. In this paper, we propose a method that utilizes artificial intelligence models for thematic creativity, followed by a classification modeling of the actual painting process. The method involves converting all visual elements into quantifiable data structures before creating images. We evaluate the effectiveness of this approach in terms of semantic accuracy, image reproducibility, and computational efficiency, in comparison with existing image generation algorithms.
description: 6pages, 5 figures
Two-fluid Modeling of Acoustic Wave Propagation in Gravitationally Stratified Isothermal Media
Creators: name: Zhang, Fan
name: Poedts, Stefaan
name: Lani, Andrea
name: Kuźma, Błażej
name: Murawski, Kris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To study acoustic wave propagation and the corresponding energy deposition in partially ionized plasmas, we use a two-fluid computational model that treats neutrals and charged particles (electrons and ions) as two separate fluids. This two-fluid model takes into account the ion-neutral collisions, ionization, and recombination, allowing us to investigate both the collisional and reactive interactions between uncoupled ions and neutrals in the plasmas. In the present numerical simulations, the initial density is specified to reach hydrostatic equilibrium, and as a comparison, chemical equilibrium is also taken into account to provide a density profile that differs from typical hydrostatic equilibrium profiles. External velocity drivers are then imposed to generate monochromatic acoustic waves. As is well known, the upward propagating acoustic waves steepen in gravitationally stratified plasmas due to the exponentially decreasing density, and they heat the plasmas in the nonlinear regimes where kinetic energy is dissipated by shock waves and collisional interactions. In particular, the lower ionization fraction resulting from the present initial chemical equilibrium significantly enhances the heating efficiency. Moreover, the ionization process absorbs a significant amount of energy, and the decoupling between ions and neutrals is also enhanced while considering ionization and recombination. Therefore, simulations without considering ionization and recombination may overestimate the overall heating effects but also underestimate the energy dissipation. The results also suggest that a more accurate ionization and recombination model could be essential for improving the modeling of partially ionized plasmas.
description: 24 pages, 16 figures
Relative Income Position and Performance: An Empirical Panel Analysis
Creators: name: Torgler, Benno
name: Schmidt, Sascha L.
name: Frey, Bruno S.
name: Torgler, Benno
name: Schmidt, Sascha L.
name: Frey, Bruno S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Consumer/Household Economics

description: Many studies have established that people care a great deal about their relative economic position and not solely, as standard economic theory assumes, about their absolute economic position. However, behavioral evidence is rare. This paper provides an empirical analysis on how individuals' relative income position affects their performance. Using a unique data set for 1114 soccer players over a period of eight seasons (2833 observations), our analysis suggests that the larger the income differences within a team, the worse the performance of the soccer players is. The more the players are integrated in a particular social environment (their team), the more evident this negative effect is.
Using dileptons to probe the Color Glass Condensate
Creators: name: Betemps, M. A.
name: Ducati, M. B. Gay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The rapidity and transverse momentum dependence of the nuclear modification ratio for dilepton production at RHIC and LHC is presented, calculated in the Color Glass Condensate (CGC) framework. The transverse momentum ratio is compared for two distinct dilepton mass values and a suppression of the Cronin peak is verified even for large mass. The nuclear modification ratio suppression in the dilepton rapidity spectra, as obtained experimentally for hadrons at RHIC, is verified for LHC energies at large transverse momentum, although not present at RHIC energies. The ratio between LHC and RHIC nuclear modification ratios is evaluated in the CGC, showing the large saturation effects at LHC compared with the RHIC results. These results consolidate the dilepton as a most suitable observable to investigate the QCD high density approaches.
description: 5 pages, version to appear in Phys. Lett. B
Has the Origin of the Third-Family Fermion Masses been Determined?
Creators: name: Baker, Michael J.
name: Cox, Peter
name: Volkas, Raymond R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Precision measurements of the Higgs couplings are, for the first time, directly probing the mechanism of fermion mass generation. The purpose of this work is to determine to what extent these measurements can distinguish between the tree-level mechanism of the Standard Model and the theoretically motivated alternative of radiative mass generation. Focusing on the third-family, we classify the minimal one-loop models and find that they fall into two general classes. By exploring several benchmark models in detail, we demonstrate that a radiative origin for the tau-lepton and bottom-quark masses is consistent with current observations. While future colliders will not be able to rule out a radiative origin, they can probe interesting regions of parameter space.
description: 39 pages, 15 figures; v2: references updated, published version
ISHQALANISH SHAROITIDA ISHLAYDIGAN DETALLARINING YEYILISHGA CHIDAMLILIGINI OSHIRISHDA LEGIRLOVCHI  ELEMENTLARNING AHAMIYATI
Creators: name: Komolov, Azizbek
name: Umarov, Abduraximjon
name: Mannopjonov, Asadbek
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Po’latga legirlovchi elementlarni kiritishdan kо‘zda tutilgan asosiy maqsad, payvand qatlamning xossalarini zarur tomonga qarab о‘zgartirishdan iborat. Legirlovchi elementlarning pо‘lat xossalariga ta’siri, ularning temir va uglerod bilan о‘zaro ta’sir etish xarakteriga hamda legirlovchi elementlar miqdoriga bog‘liq bо‘ladi. Legirlovchi elementlar payvand qatlam puxtaligini, qovushqoqligini, yeyilishga chidamliligini va boshqa mexanik xossalarini, shuningdek yо‘nib ishlanuvchanlik, toblash chuqurligi kabi texnologik xossalarini oshiradi, fizik (magnit va elektr) xossalarini о‘zgartiradi, yuqori haroratlarda va odatdagi sharoitlarda karroziyabardoshlik xususiyatlarini yaxshilaydi [1].
A Holistic Approach on Smart Garment for Patients with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis
Creators: name: Choudhary, Safal
name: Randhawa, Princy
name: Jinka, Sampath Kumar P
name: C, Shiva Prasad H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA) is a widespread and chronic condition that affects children and adolescents worldwide. The person suffering from JIA is characterized by chronic joint inflammation leading to pain, swelling, stiffness, and limited body movements. Individuals suffering from JIA require ongoing treatment for their lifetime. Beyond inflammation, JIA patients have expressed concerns about various factors and the lack of responsive services addressing their challenges. The implementation of smart garments offers a promising solution to assist individuals with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis in performing their daily activities. These garments are designed to seamlessly integrate technology and clothing, providing not only physical support but also addressing the psychological and emotional aspects of living with a chronic condition. By incorporating sensors, these smart garments can monitor joint movement, detect inflammation, and provide real-time feedback to both patients and healthcare providers. To tackle these comprehensive challenges, the research aims to offer a solution through the design of a smart garment, created with a holistic approach. This smart garment is intended to improve the overall well-being of JIA patients by enhancing their mobility, comfort, and overall quality of life. The integration of technology into clothing can potentially revolutionize the way JIA is managed, allowing patients to better manage their condition and minimize its impact on their daily lives. The synergy between healthcare and technology holds great potential in addressing the multifaceted challenges posed by Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis patients. Through innovation and empathy, this research aims to pave the way for a brighter future for individuals living with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis.
description: 08 pages
Instinctive and Cognitive Reasoning: A Study of Response Times
Creators: name: Rubinstein, Ariel
name: Rubinstein, Ariel
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Consumer/Household Economics

description: Lecture audiences and students were asked to respond to virtual decision and game situations at gametheory.tau.ac.il. Several thousand observations were collected and the response time for each answer was recorded. There were significant differences in response time across responses. It is suggested that choices made instinctively, that is, on the basis of an emotional response, require less response time than choices that require the use of cognitive reasoning.
Band gaps atlas for photonic crystals having the symmetry of the pyrochlore and kagome lattices
Creators: name: Garcia-Adeva, Angel J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new family of two- and three-dimensional photonic crystals with the symmetry of the kagome and pyrochlore lattices that exhibit interesting photonic band structures are reported. From large complete photonic band gaps in three dimensions to enormous partial gaps in two dimensions for certain polarizations occurring at feature sizes that make these lattice amenable of fabrication, the results described below sure make this new family of photonic crystals very promising for potential applications and very interesting from the fundamental point of view.
description: The figures in this submission are low resolution ones. High quality versions of these figures are available upon request
Predicting one Shot Play in 2x2 Games Using Beliefs Based on Minimax Regret
Creators: name: Gallice, Andrea
name: Gallice, Andrea
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: We present a simple procedure that selects the strategies most likely to be played by inexperienced agents who interact in one shot 2x2 matching pennies games. As a first step we axiomatically describe players' beliefs. We find the minimax regret criterion to be the simplest functional form that satisfies all the axioms. Then we hypothesize players act as if they were best responding to the belief their opponent plays accordino to minimax regret. When compared with existing experimental evidences about one shot matching pennies games, the procedure correctly indicates the choices of around 80% of the players. Applications to other classes of games are also explored.
Response of a weakly magnetized hot QCD medium to inhomogeneous electric field
Creators: name: K, Gowthama K
name: Kurian, Manu
name: Chandra, Vinod
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The electric charge transport in a weakly magnetized hot QCD medium has been investigated in the presence of an external inhomogeneous electric field. The current densities (electric and Hall)induced by the inhomogeneous electric field have been estimated in the regime where space-time inhomogeneity of the field is small so that the collisional effect in the medium cannot be neglected. The collisional aspect of the medium has been captured by employing both relaxation time approximation and Bhatnagar-Gross-Krook collision kernel in the relativistic Boltzmann equation. The magnetic field, momentum anisotropy, and quark chemical potential dependences of the electric current and Hall current densities have been explored, and the impacts on the respective conductivities have been studied. The inhomogeneities of the field are seen to have sizable effects on the electromagnetic responses of the collisional medium.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures. Version accepted in Physical Review D
Experimental study of the $^{17}$F+ $^{12}$C fusion reaction and its implications for fusion of proton-halo systems
Creators: name: Asher, B. W.
name: Almaraz-Calderon, S.
name: Tripathi, Vandana
name: Kemper, K. W.
name: Baby, L. T.
name: Gerken, N.
name: Lopez-Saavedra, E.
name: Morelock, A. B.
name: Perello, J. F.
name: Wiedenhöver, I.
name: Keeley, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The halo nature of the low-lying $1/2$+ first excited state of the exotic weakly-bound proton drip-line nucleus $^{17}$F has long been hypothesized. The structure of such a halo nucleus would imply special nuclear properties including, possibly, an enhancement in its fusion cross section above the barrier. The total fusion cross section of $^{17}$F + $^{12}$C near the Coulomb barrier was studied using the newly developed "Encore" active-target detector at Florida State University. Total fusion cross sections for the stable counterpart systems $^{16}$O + $^{12}$C and $^{19}$F + $^{12}$C were also measured to enable a systematic comparison. No influence of the halo nature of the $^{17}$F $1/2$+ first excited state on its fusion excitation function was observed when compared with the stable counterpart systems.
Perfect forms and the moduli space of abelian varieties
Creators: name: Shepherd-Barron, N. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14K10, 14E30

description: Perfect quadratic forms give a toroidal compactification of the moduli space of principally polarized abelian g-folds that is Q-factorial and whose ample classes are characterized, over any base. In characteristic zero it has canonical singularities if g is at least 5, and is the canonical model (in the sense of Mori and Reid) if g is at least 12.
description: 20 pages
Combined method to extract spectroscopic information
Creators: name: Mukhamedzhanov, A. M.
name: Nunes, F. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spectroscopic factors (SF) play an important role in nuclear physics and astrophysics. The traditional method of extracting SF from direct transfer reactions suffers from serious ambiguities. We discuss a modified method which is based on including the asymptotic normalization coefficient (ANC) of the overlap functions into the transfer analysis. In the modified method the contribution of the external part of the reaction amplitude, typically dominant, is fixed and the SF is determined from fitting the internal part. We illustrate the modified method with $(d,p)$ reactions on ${}^{208}{\rm Pb}, {}^{12}{\rm C}$, and ${}^{84}{\rm Se}$ targets at different energies. The modified method allows one to extract the SF, which do not depend on the shape of the single-particle nucleon-target interaction, and has the potential of improving the reliability and accuracy of the structure information. This is specially important for nuclei on dripline, where not much is known.
description: accepted in Phys. Rev. C, 4 pages and 2 figures
Using perceptive subbands analysis to perform audio scenes cartography
Creators: name: Millot, Laurent
name: Pelé, Gérard
name: Elliq, Mohammed
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Audio scene cartography for real or simulated stereo recordings is presented. This audio scene analysis is performed doing successively: a perceptive 10-subbands analysis, calculation of temporal laws for relative delays and gains between both channels of each subband using a short-time cons\-tant scene assumption and channels inter-correlation which permit to follow a mobile source in its moves, calculation of global and subbands histograms whose peaks give the incidence information for fixed sources. Audio scenes composed of 2 to 4 fixed sources or with a fixed source and a mobile one have been already successfully tested. Further extensions and applications will be discussed. Audio illustrations of audio scenes, subband analysis and demonstration of real-time stereo recording simulations will be given.Paper 6340 presented at the 118th Convention of the Audio Engineering Society, Barcelona, 2005
Temperature dependent bilayer ferromagnetism in Sr3Ru2O7
Creators: name: Stone, M. B.
name: Lumsden, M. D.
name: Jin, R.
name: Sales, B. C.
name: Qiu, Y.
name: Mandrus, D.
name: Nagler, S. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Ruthenium based perovskites exhibit a wide variety of interesting collective phenomena related to magnetism originating from the Ru 4d electrons. Much remains unknown concerning the nature of magnetic fluctuations and excitations in these systems. We present results of detailed inelastic neutron scattering measurements of Sr3Ru2O7 as a function of temperature, probing the ferromagnetic fluctuations of the bilayer structure. A magnetic response is clearly visible for a range of temperatures, T = 3.8 K up to T = 100 K, and for energy transfers between 2 and 14 meV. These measurements indicate that the ferromagnetic fluctuations manifest in the bilayer structure factor persist to surprisingly large temperatures. This behavior may be related to the proximity of the system in zero magnetic field to the metamagnetic/ferromagnetic transition.
description: 29 page double space pdf, 12 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. B
Environmental Quality in a Differentiated Duopoly
Creators: name: Farzin, Y. Hossein
name: Akao, Ken-Ichi
name: Farzin, Y. Hossein
name: Akao, Ken-Ichi
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy

description: In a duopoly industry with environmentally differentiated products, we examine the effects of introducing a mandatory environmental quality standard on firms' environmental quality choices, profits, and the average environmental quality offered by the industry. We show that at low standard levels, both firms choose to overcomply regardless of the standard level. At intermediate levels, the mandatory standard can reduce the profit of the low-cost firm while increasing that of the high-cost firm, and that it can lower the industry's average environmental quality below what it would be without the standard.
Urban waste picking in low-income countries: knowledge and action
Creators: name: Gauley, Steven W.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: A significant segment of the urban population in many low-income countries derives their living from the harvest of marketable materials from urban waste streams. The activities of so-called "scavengers" or waste pickers in many African, Asian, and Latin American cities have also come to be understood to have environmental benefits: the diversion of materials from the urban waste stream decreases the volume of wastes that need to be collected, transported and disposed of. However, due to their daily contact with garbage, these men, women, and children are usually associated with dirt, disease, and squalor. The work of the scavenger is often conceptualized as being poverty driven and undertaken as a survival strategy or coping mechanism in a harsh urban environment. In recent years, various programs and projects have been developed by nongovernmental organizations, religious institutions, community-based organizations, and local governments to address the needs of scavengers. Such intervention schemes are designed in one way or another to alter the scavengers' existing situations. This study looks at the possible linkages between the evolving understanding of scavenging and the various approaches to intervention that it engenders. This study first examines how scholars and researchers analyze waste picking issues and their suggestions for potential interventions and then relates this understanding to how institutions, citizens, non-governmental organizations, and aid agencies are addressing these issues in practice. It is found that different conceptualizations of waste picking issues have led to different intervention prescriptions, and that the prescribed interventions are motivated by environmental, economic, or humanitarian concerns. This study contends that the recommended and implemented intervention prescriptions are simply promoting market means in an attempt to achieve humanitarian ends, and, therefore, are only short-term measures that will not solve the identified waste picking issues. Data sources used in this effort include academic journals, conference papers, case studies of development programs, newspaper articles, Web sites, and field reports. Data were also obtained by contacting researchers and organizations that have studied or are currently working with waste pickers in a variety of geographical settings.
Optimal Location of Two Laser-interferometric Detectors for Gravitational Wave Backgrounds at 100 MHz
Creators: name: Nishizawa, Atsushi
name: Kawamura, Seiji
name: Akutsu, Tomotada
name: Arai, Koji
name: Yamamoto, Kazuhiro
name: Tatsumi, Daisuke
name: Nishida, Erina
name: Sakagami, Masa-aki
name: Chiba, Takeshi
name: Takahashi, Ryuichi
name: Sugiyama, Naoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, observational searches for gravitational wave background (GWB) have been developed and given constraints on the energy density of GWB in a broad range of frequencies. These constraints have already resulted in the rejection of some theoretical models of relatively large GWB spectra. However, at 100 MHz, there is no strict upper limit from direct observation, though an indirect limit exists due to He4 abundance due to big-bang nucleosynthesis. In our previous paper, we investigated the detector designs that can effectively respond to GW at high frequencies, where the wavelength of GW is comparable to the size of a detector, and found that the configuration, a so-called synchronous-recycling interferometer is best at these sensitivity. In this paper, we investigated the optimal location of two synchronous-recycling interferometers and derived their cross-correlation sensitivity to GWB. We found that the sensitivity is nearly optimized and hardly changed if two coaligned detectors are located within a range 0.2 m, and that the sensitivity achievable in an experiment is far below compared with the constraint previously obtained in experiments.
description: 17 pages, 6 figures
Union-Find Decoders For Homological Product Codes
Creators: name: Delfosse, Nicolas
name: Hastings, Matthew B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Homological product codes are a class of codes that can have improved distance while retaining relatively low stabilizer weight. We show how to build union-find decoders for these codes, using a union-find decoder for one of the codes in the product and a brute force decoder for the other code. We apply this construction to the specific case of the product of a surface code with a small code such as a $[[4,2,2]]$ code, which we call an augmented surface code. The distance of the augmented surface code is the product of the distance of the surface code with that of the small code, and the union-find decoder, with slight modifications, can decode errors up to half the distance. We present numerical simulations, showing that while the threshold of these augmented codes is lower than that of the surface code, the low noise performance is improved.
description: 16 pages, 3 digures; v2 final version in Quantum
Eliciting the Demand for Long Term Care Coverage: A Discrete Choice Modelling Analysis
Creators: name: Brau, Rinaldo
name: Bruni, Matteo Lippi
name: Brau, Rinaldo
name: Bruni, Matteo Lippi
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Risk and Uncertainty

description: We evaluate the demand for long term care (LTC) insurance prospects in a stated preference context, by means of the results of a choice experiment carried out on a representative sample of the Emilia-Romagna population. Choice modelling techniques have not been used yet for studying the demand for LTC services. In this paper these methods are first of all used in order to assess the relative importance of the characteristics which define some hypothetical insurance programmes and to elicit the willingness to pay for some LTC coverage prospects. Moreover, thanks to the application of a nested logit specification with 'partial degeneracy', we are able to model the determinants of the preference for status quo situations where no systematic cover for LTC exists. On the basis of this empirical model, we test for the effects of a series of socio-demographic variables as well as personal and household health state indicators.
Comparative Analysis of Methods for Cloud Segmentation in Ground-Based Infrared Images
Creators: name: Terrén-Serrano, Guillermo
name: Martínez-Ramón, Manel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: The increasing penetration of photovoltaic systems in the power grid makes it vulnerable to cloud shadow projection. Real-time cloud segmentation in ground-based infrared images is important to reduce the noise in intra-hour global solar irradiance forecasting. We present a comparison between discriminative and generative models for cloud segmentation. The performances of supervised and unsupervised learning methods in cloud segmentation are evaluated. The discriminative models are solved in the primal formulation to make them feasible in real-time applications. The performances are compared using the j-statistic. Infrared image preprocessing to remove stationary artifacts increases the overall performance in the analyzed methods. The inclusion of features from neighboring pixels in the feature vectors leads to a performance improvement in some of the cases. Markov Random Fields achieve the best performance in both unsupervised and supervised generative models. Discriminative models solved in the primal yield a dramatically lower computing time along with high performance in the segmentation. Generative and discriminative models are comparable when preprocessing is applied to the infrared images.
New magnetostatic modes in small nonellipsoidal magnetic particles
Creators: name: Puszkarski, H.
name: Krawczyk, M.
name: Levy, J. -C. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetostatic normal modes are investigated here in elongated rods. The dipolar field resulting from the dipole-dipole interactions is calculated numerically in points of the axis connecting opposite rod face centers (\emph{central axis}) by collecting individual contributions to this field coming from each of the atomic planes perpendicular to the central axis. The applied magnetic field is assumed to be oriented along the central axis, and the magnetization to be uniform throughout the sample. The \emph{frequency} spectrum of magnetostatic waves propagating in the direction of the applied field is found numerically by solving the Landau-Lifshith equation of motion with the spatially \emph{nonhomogeneous} dipolar field taken into account; the mode amplitude \emph{profiles} are depicted as well. While energetically highest modes have \emph{bulk-extended} character, the modes forming the lower part of the spectrum are localized in the subsurface region (\emph{bulk-dead modes}). Between these two mode types, magnetostatic modes of a new type (\emph{comb modes}) are found to occur, characterized by two clearly discernible regions: a zone of fast amplitude oscillations inside the rod, and narrow slow-oscillation regions at the borders. Absorbing virtually no energy from an applied alternating field, comb modes will have no significant contribution to the magnetic noise.
description: 16 pages, 6 figures, conferences paper: Physics of Magnetism'05, Poznan, Poland
Vapor Deposition of Semiconducting Phosphorus Allotropes into TiO2 Nanotube Arrays for Photoelectrocatalytic Water Splitting
Creators: name: Kumar, Pawan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 30201 Bioinorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 30301 Chemical Characterisation of Materials
subject: 30403 Characterisation of Biological Macromolecules
subject: 30601 Catalysis and Mechanisms of Reactions
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 30602 Chemical Thermodynamics and Energetics
subject: 30404 Cheminformatics and Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationships
subject: 30103 Flow Analysis
subject: 30604 Electrochemistry

description: Recent evidence of exponential environmental degradation will demand a drastic shift in research and development toward exploiting alternative energy resources such as solar energy. Here, we report the successful low-cost and easily accessible synthesis of hybrid semiconductor@TiO2 nanotube photocatalysts. In order to realize its maximum potential in harvesting photons in the visible-light range, TiO2 nanotubes have been loaded with earth-abundant, low-band-gap fibrous red and black phosphorus (P). Scanning electron microscopy– and scanning transmission electron microscopy–energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron microscopy, and UV–vis measurements have been performed, substantiating the deposition of fibrous red and black P on top and inside the cavities of 100-μm-long electrochemically fabricated nanotubes. The nanotubular morphology of titania and a vapor-transport technique are utilized to form heterojunctions of P and TiO2.
Non-linear axisymmetric pulsations of rotating relativistic stars in the conformal flatness approximation
Creators: name: Dimmelmeier, Harald
name: Stergioulas, Nikolaos
name: Font, Jose A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study non-linear axisymmetric pulsations of rotating relativistic stars using a general relativistic hydrodynamics code under the assumption of a conformal flatness. We compare our results to previous simulations where the spacetime dynamics was neglected. The pulsations are studied along various sequences of both uniformly and differentially rotating relativistic polytropes with index N = 1. We identify several modes, including the lowest-order l = 0, 2, and 4 axisymmetric modes, as well as several axisymmetric inertial modes. Differential rotation significantly lowers mode frequencies, increasing prospects for detection by current gravitational wave interferometers. We observe an extended avoided crossing between the l = 0 and l = 4 first overtones, which is important for correctly identifying mode frequencies in case of detection. For uniformly rotating stars near the mass-shedding limit, we confirm the existence of the mass-shedding-induced damping of pulsations, though the effect is not as strong as in the Cowling approximation. We also investigate non-linear harmonics of the linear modes and notice that rotation changes the pulsation frequencies in a way that would allow for various parametric instabilities between two or three modes to take place. We assess the detectability of each obtained mode by current gravitational wave detectors and outline how the empirical relations that have been constructed for gravitational wave asteroseismology could be extended to include the effects of rotation.
description: 24 pages, 20 figures; minor corrections, added extended discussion and one figure in one subsection
Blueprint for a Scalable Photonic Fault-Tolerant Quantum Computer
Creators: name: Bourassa, J. Eli
name: Alexander, Rafael N.
name: Vasmer, Michael
name: Patil, Ashlesha
name: Tzitrin, Ilan
name: Matsuura, Takaya
name: Su, Daiqin
name: Baragiola, Ben Q.
name: Guha, Saikat
name: Dauphinais, Guillaume
name: Sabapathy, Krishna K.
name: Menicucci, Nicolas C.
name: Dhand, Ish
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Photonics is the platform of choice to build a modular, easy-to-network quantum computer operating at room temperature. However, no concrete architecture has been presented so far that exploits both the advantages of qubits encoded into states of light and the modern tools for their generation. Here we propose such a design for a scalable and fault-tolerant photonic quantum computer informed by the latest developments in theory and technology. Central to our architecture is the generation and manipulation of three-dimensional hybrid resource states comprising both bosonic qubits and squeezed vacuum states. The proposal enables exploiting state-of-the-art procedures for the non-deterministic generation of bosonic qubits combined with the strengths of continuous-variable quantum computation, namely the implementation of Clifford gates using easy-to-generate squeezed states. Moreover, the architecture is based on two-dimensional integrated photonic chips used to produce a qubit cluster state in one temporal and two spatial dimensions. By reducing the experimental challenges as compared to existing architectures and by enabling room-temperature quantum computation, our design opens the door to scalable fabrication and operation, which may allow photonics to leap-frog other platforms on the path to a quantum computer with millions of qubits.
description: 38 pages, many figures. Comments welcome
Arbeitsgemeinschaft ökumenischer Universitätsinstitute: Papsttum als ökumenische Frage
Creators: name: Kantzenbach, Friedrich Wilhelm
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 28 Nr. 4 (1979): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 28, Heft 4
Self-pulsing dynamics of ultrasound in a magnetoacoustic resonator
Creators: name: Sanchez-Morcillo, V. J.
name: Redondo, J.
name: Martinez-Mora, J.
name: Espinosa, V.
name: Camarena, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A theoretical model of parametric magnetostrictive generator of ultrasound is considered, taking into account magnetic and magnetoacoustic nonlinearities. The stability and temporal dynamics of the system is analized with standard techniques revealing that, for a given set of parameters, the model presents a homoclinic or saddle--loop bifurcation, which predicts that the ultrasound is emitted in the form of pulses or spikes with arbitrarily low frequency.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
High-accuracy mesh-free quadrature for trimmed parametric surfaces and volumes
Creators: name: Gunderman, David
name: Weiss, Kenneth
name: Evans, John A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65D30 (Primary) 65D17 (Secondary)

description: This work presents a high-accuracy, mesh-free, generalized Stokes theorem-based numerical quadrature scheme for integrating functions over trimmed parametric surfaces and volumes. The algorithm relies on two fundamental steps: (1) We iteratively reduce the dimensionality of integration using the generalized Stokes theorem to line integrals over trimming curves, and (2) we employ numerical antidifferentiation in the generalized Stokes theorem using high-order quadrature rules. The scheme achieves exponential convergence up to trimming curve approximation error and has applications to computation of geometric moments, immersogeometric analysis, conservative field transfer between high-order curvilinear meshes, and initialization of multi-material simulations. We compare the quadrature scheme to commonly-used quadrature schemes in the literature and show that our scheme is much more efficient in terms of number of quadrature points used. We provide an open-source implementation of the scheme in MATLAB as part of QuaHOG, a software package for Quadrature of High-Order Geometries.
description: 19 pages, 17 figures, submitted to Computer-Aided Design
Boundary conditions and symplectic structure in the Chern-Simons formulation of (2+1)-dimensional gravity
Creators: name: Meusburger, C
name: Schroers, B J
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a description of open universes in the Chern-Simons formulation of (2+1)-dimensional gravity where spatial infinity is implemented as a puncture. At this puncture, additional variables are introduced which lie in the cotangent bundle of the Poincaré group, and coupled minimally to the Chern-Simons gauge field. We apply this description of spatial infinity to open universes of general genus and with an arbitrary number of massive spinning particles. Using results of [9] we give a finite dimensional description of the phase space and determine its symplectic structure. In the special case of a genus zero universe with spinless particles, we compare our result to the symplectic structure computed by Matschull in the metric formulation of (2+1)-dimensional gravity. We comment on the quantisation of the phase space and derive a quantisation condition for the total mass and spin of an open universe.
description: 44 pages, 3 eps figures
A hybrid seesaw model and hierarchical neutrino flavor structures based on $A_{4}$ symmetry
Creators: name: Aoki, Mayumi
name: Kaneko, Daiki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a hybrid seesaw model based on $A_{4}$ flavor symmetry, which generates a large hierarchical flavor structure. In our model, tree-level and one-loop seesaw mechanisms predict different flavor structures in the neutrino mass matrix, and generate a notable hierarchy among them. We find that such a hierarchical structure gives a large effective neutrino mass which can be accessible by next-generation neutrinoless double beta decay experiments. Majorana phases can also be predictable. The $A_{4}$ flavor symmetry in the model is spontaneously broken to the $Z_{2}$ symmetry, leading to a dark matter candidate which is assumed to be a neutral scalar field. The favored mass region of the dark matter is obtained by numerical computations of the relic abundance and the cross section of the nucleon. We also investigate the predictions of the several hierarchical flavor structures based on $A_{4}$ symmetry for the effective neutrino mass and the Majorana phases, and find the characteristic features depending on the hierarchical structures.
description: 20 pages, 10 figures; v2: published version
Costs of Producing Biogas at Dairy Farms in The Netherlands
Creators: name: Gebrezgabher, Solomie A.
name: Meuwissen, Miranda P.M.
name: Oude Lansink, Alfons G.J.M.
Publisher: name: CentMA
Year: 2010
Subjects: green electricity; green gas; empirical data; technical performance; financial performance

description: By 2020, Dutch dairy chains envisage to be self-sufficient with regard to energy used by dairy farms and dairy processors. This would require dairy farms to produce 25 PJ per year, possibly by a combination of wind, solar and biogas. This paper focuses on biogas. To evaluate the project’s viability we estimated the expected technical and financial performance of 4 types of business models, i.e. “CHP-farm”, “CHP-large”, “green gas” and “central upgrading of green gas”. Data stem from among others 23 biogas plants in the Netherlands. Anticipating that CHP-models and green gas models occur with a likelihood of 40% and 60% respectively, the total number of biogas plants would amount to 232 (1% of dairy farms), including a total of 5 million tons of manure per year (14% of all cattle manure in the Netherlands) and annual government subsidies of Euro 295 million. Aggregated annual profits are expected to be positive, but over the project’s total life time there is an expected deficit of Euro 262. For this to change costs of feedstocks or digestate disposal costs would for instance have to go down. Also fully switching to green gas models dampens the deficit. Results are used in current stakeholders debates on the organization of an “energy neutral dairy chain” in the Netherlands. Further analyses incorporating uncertainty around key technical and economic parameters including financial impacts of CO2-reductions are underway.
description: International Journal on Food System Dynamics, Vol 1, No 1 (2010)
Analysis of full-QCD and quenched-QCD lattice propagators
Creators: name: Bhagwat, M. S.
name: Tandy, P. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent lattice-QCD results for the dressed-gluon propagator are used within the quark Dyson-Schwinger equation to determine the gluon-quark vertex dressing necessary to reproduce the lattice-QCD results for the dressed-quark propagator. Both quenched and full QCD lattice simulations, for a range of low quark current masses, are analyzed. The chiral extrapolation is made through this continuum DSE form. Resulting chiral and physical pion observables are investigated.
description: Talk given at PANIC 2005 Conference, Santa Fe, October 2005. To be published in the Proceedings