Energy and protein requirements of ewes, and the use of non-protein nitrogen [sic] by ewes and early weaned lambs
Creators: name: Naseem, Muhammad Zafarullah
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: In order to investigate the nutritional requirements of ewes during late pregnancy and early lactation, two groups of ewes were given 90 gms. Digestible Crude Protein (D.C.P.) during pregnancy and 225 gms. D.C.P./head/day during early lactation. During the last six weeks of pregnancy ewes in Group II, provided with maintenance + 100%, requirement of Digestible Energy (D.E.) made significantly greater liveweight gains (P&lt;0.01) than those in Group I and fed maintenance + 50%, D.E. During early lactation ewes in Group I, provided with maintenance + 150%, D.E. lost significantly less weight (P&lt;0.05) than those in Group II which were given maintenance + 100%, D.E. There were no significant differences in milk yield and milk composition between the two groups, however pre-weaning lamb growth in Group I was significantly greater (P&lt;0.05) than that in Group II. Average daily gain of weaned lambs (weaned at 8 to 10 weeks of age) given pelleted rations containing 20%, protein was significantly greater (P&lt;0.05) than those given 16%, protein but there were no significant differences between lambs fed 20% or 13% and between 16%, or 13%, crude protein. A higher proportion of single lambs in the group given 13% protein may have accounted in part for the better gain of this group. Results of the digestion trial with these lambs indicated that there were no significant differences (P&lt;0.05) in the dry matter digestibility and the protein digestion coefficient of the three types of pellets but the nitrogen retention was greatest in the lambs fed the 20%, protein. The results of the second experiment conducted, to study the effect of non-protein nitrogen in the form of urea on milk yield and milk composition of ewes indicated that there were no significant differences in milk yield, milk composition and milk urea N level of the three groups of ewes fed equal amounts of supplemental nitrogen, during early lactation, as soybean, soybean + urea and urea alone. Ewes fed soybean or soybean + urea had significantly lower plasma urea nitrogen levels (P&lt;0.05) than those supplemented with urea alone. There was no significant difference between the plasma urea nitrogen level of the former two groups of ewes. There were no significant differences in the pre-weaning growth of lambs nursing ewes fed on pellets containing soybean + urea and urea alone but the lambs from ewes fed soybean made significantly slower (P&lt;0.05) gain than those from the other two groups. .The reason for this slower rate of gain is difficult to explain. Results of the trial conducted to investigate the use of urea nitrogen in early weaned lambs indicated that the lambs fed on pellets containing soybean made significantly greater gains (P&lt;0.05) than those on pellets containing urea as the sole source of supplemental nitrogen. There were however, no significant differences in weight gain of lambs fed on pellets containing soybean or soybean + urea and between soybean + urea or urea alone. There were no significant differences between plasma urea nitrogen level of lambs fed on soybean or soybean + urea containing pellets and these lambs had significantly higher (P&lt;0.05) levels of plasma urea nitrogen than those fed on pellets containing urea alone. The variation in the blood urea level of the lambs was thought to be due to variation in protein intake. Results of the digestion trial with lambs showed that there were no significant differences in the protein digestion coefficients and dry matter digestibilities of these types of rations. Pellets providing nitrogen from soybean resulted in greatest nitrogen retention. Results show that urea did not influence the milk yield or milk composition of the ewes but it was a poor source of nitrogen for early weaned lambs.