cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Energetic Cosmic Rays Observed by the Resonant Gravitational Wave Detector NAUTILUS
Creators: name: P. Astone
name: M. Bassan
name: P. Bonifazi
name: P. Carelli
name: E. Coccia
name: S.D'Antonio
name: V. Fafone
name: G.Federici
name: A. Marini
name: G. Mazzitelli
name: Y. Minenkov
name: I. Modena
name: G. Modestino
name: A. Moleti
name: G. V. Pallottino
name: V. Pampaloni
name: G. Pizzella
name: L.Quintieri
name: F. Ronga
name: R. Terenzi
name: M. Visco
name: L. Votano
Publisher: name: INFN Open Access Repository
Year: 2000

description: Cosmic ray showers interacting with the resonant mass gravitational wave antenna NAUTILUS have been detected. The experimental results show large signals at a rate much greater than expected.  The largest signal corresponds to an energy release in NAUTILUS of 87 TeV. We remark that a resonant mass gravitational wave detector used as particle detector has characteristics different from the usual particle detectors, and it could detect new features of cosmic rays. Among several possibilities, one can invoke unexpected behaviour of superconducting Aluminium as particle detector, producing enhanced signals, the excitation of non-elastic modes with large energy release or anomalies in cosmic rays (for instance, the showers might include exotic particles as nuclearites or Q-balls). Suggestions for explaining these observations are solicited.
Savolitinib: First Approval
Creators: name: Markham, Anthony
Publisher: name: Adis Journals
Year: 2021
Subjects: Medicine
Cancer

description: Declarations
Funding The preparation of this review was not supported by any external funding.
 Authorship and Conflict of interest During the peer review process the manufacturer of the agent under review was offered an opportunity to comment on the article. Changes resulting from any comments received were made by the authors on the basis of scientific completeness and accuracy. A. Markham is a salaried employee of Adis International Ltd/Springer Nature, and declares no relevant conflicts of interest. All authors contributed to the review and are responsible for the article content.
 Ethics approval, Consent to participate, Consent to publish, Availability of data and material, Code availability Not applicable.
Additional information about this Adis Drug Review can be found here.

Abstract
Savolitinib (Orpathys®; Hutchmed (China) Ltd., AstraZeneca) is a receptor tyrosine kinase mesenchymal epithelial transition factor (c-MET) inhibitor being developed for the treatment of metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), papillary and clear cell renal cell carcinoma (RCC), gastric cancer and colorectal cancer. Based on the results of a pivotal phase II trial in patients with NSCLC/lung sarcomatoid carcinoma, savolitinib was recently granted approval in China (conditional on the results of a forthcoming phase III trial) for the treatment of metastatic NSCLC with MET exon 14 skipping alterations in patients who have progressed following prior systemic therapy or who are unable to receive chemotherapy. This article summarizes the milestones in the development of savolitinib leading to this first approval.
© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021
Utility of the NIH Toolbox for assessment of prodromal Alzheimer's disease and dementia
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Clinical assessment
Dementia
Memory
Neuropsychology
Technology
Validation

description: © 2018 The Authors Introduction: The NIH Toolbox Cognition Battery (NIHTB-CB) is a computer-based protocol not yet validated for clinical assessment. Methods: We administered the NIHTB-CB and traditional neuropsychological tests to 247 Memory Disorders and Alzheimer's Prevention Clinic patients with subjective cognitive decline, mild cognitive impairment, mild dementia due to Alzheimer's disease, and normal cognition. Principal component analysis, partial correlations, and univariate general linear model tests were performed to assess construct validity. Discriminant function analyses compared classification accuracy. Results: Principal component analysis identified three conceptually coherent factors: memory (MEMNIH), executive function (EFNIH), and crystallized intelligence (CINIH). These factors were strongly associated with corresponding traditional tests and differed across diagnostic groups as expected. Both NIHTB and traditional batteries yielded strong overall discriminative ability (>80%). Discussion: The NIHTB-CB is a valid method to assess neurocognitive domains pertinent to aging and dementia and has utility for applications in a memory clinic setting.
Toward Improving Medication Adherence: The Suppression of Bitter Taste in Edible Taste Films
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 1102 Cardiorespiratory Medicine and Haematology
subject: Nutrition
subject: Dental/Oral and Craniofacial Disease
subject: Clinical Research
subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: © 2018 Silvy Cherian et al. Bitter taste is aversive to humans, and many oral medications exhibit a bitter taste. Bitter taste can be suppressed by the use of inhibitors or by masking agents such as sucralose. Another approach is to encapsulate bitter tasting compounds in order to delay their release. This delayed release can permit the prior release of bitter masking agents. Suppression of bitter taste was accomplished by encapsulating a bitter taste stimulus in erodible stearic acid microspheres, and embedding these 5 μmeter diameter microspheres in pullulan films that contain sucralose and peppermint oil as masking agents, along with an encapsulated masking agent (sucralose). Psychophysical tests demonstrated that films which encapsulated both quinine and sucralose produced a significant and continuous sweet percept when compared to films without sucralose microspheres. Films with both quinine and sucralose microspheres also produced positive hedonic scores that did not differ from control films that contained only sucralose microspheres or only empty (blank) microspheres. The encapsulation of bitter taste stimuli in lipid microspheres, and embedding these microspheres in rapidly dissolving edible taste films that contain masking agents in both the film base and in microspheres, is a promising approach for diminishing the bitter taste of drugs and related compounds.
Gamma-ray and Radio Properties of Six Pulsars Detected by the Fermi Large Area Telescope
Creators: name: The Fermi LAT Collaboration
name: Consortium, the Fermi Pulsar Timing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the detection of pulsed gamma-rays for PSRs J0631+1036, J0659+1414, J0742-2822, J1420-6048, J1509-5850 and J1718-3825 using the Large Area Telescope (LAT) on board the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope (formerly known as GLAST). Although these six pulsars are diverse in terms of their spin parameters, they share an important feature: their gamma-ray light curves are (at least given the current count statistics) single peaked. For two pulsars there are hints for a double-peaked structure in the light curves. The shapes of the observed light curves of this group of pulsars are discussed in the light of models for which the emission originates from high up in the magnetosphere. The observed phases of the gamma-ray light curves are, in general, consistent with those predicted by high-altitude models, although we speculate that the gamma-ray emission of PSR J0659+1414, possibly featuring the softest spectrum of all Fermi pulsars coupled with a very low efficiency, arises from relatively low down in the magnetosphere. High-quality radio polarization data are available showing that all but one have a high degree of linear polarization. This allows us to place some constraints on the viewing geometry and aids the comparison of the gamma-ray light curves with high-energy beam models.
description: 24 pages, 19 figures, Accepted for publications in Astrophysical Journal
The DEAR Kaon Monitor at DAFNE
Creators: name: V. Lucherini
name: A. M. Bragadireanu
name: G. Beer
name: C. Curceanu (Petrascu)
name: J.-P. Egger
name: C. Guaraldo
name: M. Iliescu
name: T. Ponta
name: D.L. Sirghi
name: F. Sirghi
name: J. Zmeskal
Publisher: name: INFN Open Access Repository
Year: 2002

description: Characteristics and performance of the kaon monitor of the DEAR experiment at the DAΦNE collider of Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati are described. The full TDC and ADC information collected from the detectors of the setup allows a clean observation of the charged kaon pairs from Φ-decayby means of their different arrival times with respect to the background particles. The number of detected kaons can be used to obtain an absolute luminosity measurement in the DEAR interaction point at DAΦNE
A review of price-level change and income determination concepts.
Creators: name: Ma, Ronald Arab
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The thesis seeks to find some satisfactory concept of income and contrasts economic income concepts with accounting concepts. The case for price-level accounting is set out by illustrating from various case studies the deviation of income in real terms from reported income, and by considering the theoretical arguments in favour of price-level accounting. Arguments against price-level accounting then follow. Principles underlying the two main schools: the purchasing power historical cost system and the current cost system are next considered followed by a demonstration and appraisal of the application of several price-level accounting systems that have been proposed. Finally a reconciliation between economic and accounting concepts of income is attempted, and a position in favour of price-level accounting is supported.
Transformation kinetics of alloys under non-isothermal conditions
Creators: name: Massih, Ali R.
name: Jernkvist, Lars O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The overall solid-to-solid phase transformation kinetics under non-isothermal conditions has been modeled by means of a differential equation method. The method requires provisions for expressions of the fraction of the transformed phase in equilibrium condition and the relaxation time for transition as functions of temperature. The thermal history is an input to the model. We have used the method to calculate the time/temperature variation of the volume fraction of the favored phase in the alpha-to-beta transition in a zirconium alloy under heating and cooling, in agreement with experimental results. We also present a formulation that accounts for both additive and non-additive phase transformation processes. Moreover, a method based on the concept of path integral, which considers all the possible paths in thermal histories to reach the final state, is suggested.
description: 16 pages, 7 figures. To appear in Modelling Simul. Mater. Sci. Eng
Theoretical foundation of the reltime method for estimating divergence times from variable evolutionary rates
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2018
Subjects: divergence times
timetree
evolution
theory

description: © The Author(s) 2018. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Molecular Biology and Evolution. RelTime estimates divergence times by relaxing the assumption of a strict molecular clock in a phylogeny. It shows excellent performance in estimating divergence times for both simulated and empirical molecular sequence data sets in which evolutionary rates varied extensively throughout the tree. RelTime is computationally efficient and scales well with increasing size of data sets. Until now, however, RelTime has not had a formal mathematical foundation. Here, we show that the basis of the RelTime approach is a relative rate framework (RRF) that combines comparisons of evolutionary rates in sister lineages with the principle of minimum rate change between evolutionary lineages and their respective descendants. We present analytical solutions for estimating relative lineage rates and divergence times under RRF. We also discuss the relationship of RRF with other approaches, including the Bayesian framework. We conclude that RelTime will be useful for phylogenies with branch lengths derived not only from molecular data, but also morphological and biochemical traits.
Optical models of the big bang and non-trivial space-time metrics based on metamaterials
Creators: name: Smolyaninov, Igor I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Optics of metamaterials is shown to provide interesting table top models of many non-trivial space-time metrics. The range of possibilities is broader than the one allowed in classical general relativity. For example, extraordinary waves in indefinite metamaterials experience an effective metric, which is formally equivalent to the "two times physics" model in 2+2 dimensions. An optical analogue of a "big bang" event is presented during which a (2+1) Minkowski space-time is created together with large number of particles populating this space-time. Such metamaterial models enable experimental exploration of the metric phase transitions to and from the Minkowski space-time as a function of temperature and/or light frequency.
description: 3 pages
Targeting intracellular B2 receptors using novel cell-penetrating antagonists to arrest growth and induce apoptosis in human triple-negative breast cancer
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2018
Subjects: cell-permeable antagonist
intracrine signaling
kinins
nuclear GPCRs
triple-negative breast cancer

description: © Dubuc et al. G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are integral cell-surface proteins having a central role in tumor growth and metastasis. However, several GPCRs retain an atypical intracellular/nuclear location in various types of cancer. The pathological significance of this is currently unknown. Here we extend this observation by showing that the bradykinin B2R (BK-B2R) is nuclearly expressed in the human triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell line MDA-MB-231 and in human clinical specimens of TNBC. We posited that these "nuclearized" receptors could be involved in oncogenic signaling linked to aberrant growth and survival maintenance of TNBC. We used cell-penetrating BK-B2R antagonists, including FR173657 and novel transducible, cell-permeable forms of the peptide B2R antagonist HOE 140 (NG68, NG134) to demonstrate their superior efficacy over impermeable ones (HOE 140), in blocking proliferation and promoting apoptosis of MDA-MB-231 cells. Some showed an even greater antineoplastic activity over conventional chemotherapeutic drugs in vitro. The cell-permeable B2R antagonists had less to no anticancer effects on B2R shRNA-knockdown or non-B2R expressing (COS-1) cells, indicating specificity in their action. Possible mechanisms of their anticancer effects may involve activation of p38kinase/p27Kip1 pathways. Together, our data support the existence of a possible intracrine signaling pathway via internal/nuclear B2R, critical for the growth of TNBC cells, and identify new chemical entities that enable to target the corresponding intracellular GPCRs.
Seasonal variation of the underground cosmic muon flux observed at Daya Bay
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2018
Subjects: cosmic ray experiments
neutrino detectors
neutrino experiments

description: © 2018 IOP Publishing Ltd and Sissa Medialab. The Daya Bay Experiment consists of eight identically designed detectors located in three underground experimental halls named as EH1, EH2, EH3, with 250, 265 and 860 meters of water equivalent vertical overburden, respectively. Cosmic muon events have been recorded over a two-year period. The underground muon rate is observed to be positively correlated with the effective atmospheric temperature and to follow a seasonal modulation pattern. The correlation coefficient α, describing how a variation in the muon rate relates to a variation in the effective atmospheric temperature, is found to be αEH1 = 0.362±0.031, αEH2 = 0.433±0.038 and αEH3 = 0.641±0.057 for each experimental hall.
Kültürel miras ve Creative Commons:AçıkGKAM (Galeriler-Kütüphaneler-Arşivler-Müzeler)
Creators: name: Holt, Ilkay
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Creative Commons
Açık lisans
Açık kültür
Kültürel miras
Kültürel dijital miras
GKAM
AçıkGKAM

description: Bu sunumda Creative Commons (CC), CC açık lisansları ve kamu malı araçları hakkında kısa bilgilendirmenin ardından, CC'nin GKAM (Galeriler-Kütüphaneler-Müzeler-Arşivler) konulu çalışmaları ve AçıkGKAM programı tanıtılmıştır. Ayrıca GKAM konulu Creative Commons Sertifika programı içeriği ve Türkçe çeviri kaynaklarından söz edilmiştir. Sunumun video kaydı www.youtube.com/c/CreativeCommonsTürkiye adresinde izlenebilir.
Thermodynamics of adiabatic feedback control
Creators: name: Allahverdyan, A. E.
name: Saakian, D. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study adaptive control of classical ergodic Hamiltonian systems, where the controlling parameter varies slowly in time and is influenced by system's state (feedback). An effective adiabatic description is obtained for slow variables of the system. A general limit on the feedback induced negative entropy production is uncovered. It relates the quickest negentropy production to fluctuations of the control Hamiltonian. The method deals efficiently with the entropy-information trade off.
description: 6 pages, 1 figure
Relative evolutionary rates in proteins are largely insensitive to the substitution model
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2018
Subjects: evolutionary rates
model selection
protein evolution
phylogenetics

description: © The Author(s) 2018. The relative evolutionary rates at individual sites in proteins are informative measures of conservation or adaptation. Often used as evolutionarily aware conservation scores, relative rates reveal key functional or strongly selected residues. Estimating rates in a phylogenetic context requires specifying a protein substitution model, which is typically a phenomenological model trained on a large empirical data set. A strong emphasis has traditionally been placed on selecting the "best-fit" model, with the implicit understanding that suboptimal or otherwise ill-fitting models might bias inferences. However, the pervasiveness and degree of such bias has not been systematically examined. We investigated how model choice impacts site-wise relative rates in a large set of empirical protein alignments. We compared models designed for use on any general protein, models designed for specific domains of life, and the simple equal-rates Jukes Cantor-style model (JC). As expected, information theoretic measures showed overwhelming evidence that some models fit the data decidedly better than others. By contrast, estimates of site-specific evolutionary rates were impressively insensitive to the substitution model used, revealing an unexpected degree of robustness to potential model misspecification. A deeper examination of the fewer than 5% of sites for which model inferences differed in a meaningful way showed that the JC model could uniquely identify rapidly evolving sites that models with empirically derived exchangeabilities failed to detect. We conclude that relative protein rates appear robust to the applied substitution model, and any sensible model of protein evolution, regardless of its fit to the data, should produce broadly consistent evolutionary rates.
Electromagnetic nature of dark energy
Creators: name: Jimenez, Jose Beltran
name: Maroto, Antonio L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Out of the four components of the electromagnetic field, Maxwell's theory only contains two physical degrees of freedom. However, in an expanding universe, consistently eliminating one of the "unphysical" states in the covariant (Gupta-Bleuler) formalism turns out to be difficult to realize. In this work we explore the possibility of quantization without subsidiary conditions. This implies that the theory would contain a third physical state. The presence of such a new (temporal) electromagnetic mode on cosmological scales is shown to generate an effective cosmological constant which can account for the accelerated expansion of the universe. This new polarization state is completely decoupled from charged matter, but can be excited gravitationally. In fact, primordial electromagnetic quantum fluctuations produced during electroweak scale inflation could naturally explain the presence of this mode and also the measured value of the cosmological constant. The theory is compatible with all the local gravity tests, it is free from classical or quantum instabilities and reduces to standard QED in the flat space-time limit. Thus we see that, not only the true nature of dark energy can be established without resorting to new physics, but also the value of the cosmological constant finds a natural explanation in the context of standard inflationary cosmology. Possible signals, discriminating this model from LCDM, are also discussed.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures. Contribution to the Proceedings of Invisible Universe International Conference, UNESCO, Paris, June 29-July 3, 2009
Relative evolutionary rate inference in HyPhy with LEISR
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Protein evolution
Comparative sequence analysis
Evolutionary rate
Phylogenetics

description: © 2018 Spielman and Kosakovsky Pond. We introduce LEISR (Likehood Estimation of Individual Site Rates, pronounced "laser"), a tool to infer relative evolutionary rates from protein and nucleotide data, implemented in HyPhy. LEISR is based on the popular Rate4Site (Pupko et al., 2002) approach for inferring relative site-wise evolutionary rates, primarily from protein data. We extend the original method for more general use in several key ways: (i) we increase the support for nucleotide data with additional models, (ii) we allow for datasets of arbitrary size, (iii) we support analysis of site-partitioned datasets to correct for the presence of recombination breakpoints, (iv) we produce rate estimates at all sites rather than at just a subset of sites, and (v) we implemented LEISR as MPI-enabled to support rapid, high-throughput analysis. LEISR is available in HyPhy starting with version 2.3.8, and it is accessible as an option in the HyPhy analysis menu ("Relative evolutionary rate inference"), which calls the HyPhy batchfile LEISR.bf.
Additional file 1 of Adenosine 2 receptor regulates autophagy and apoptosis to alleviate ischemia reperfusion injury in type 2 diabetes via IRE-1 signaling
Creators: name: Yacouba Moukeila, Mohamed Bassirou
name: Thokerunga, Erick
name: He, Feng
name: Bongolo, Christian Cedric
name: Xia, Yun
name: Wang, Fuyu
name: Gado, Adamou Foumakoye
name: Mamoudou, Hama
name: Khan, Shahzad
name: Ousseina, Bonkano
name: Ousmane, Hadjara Abdoulkarim
name: Diarra, Drissa
name: Ke, Jianjuan
name: Zhang, Zongze
name: Wang, Yanlin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 1. Table S1. Information on all the primers used for qPCR in the study.
High-spin intruder band in $^{107}$In
Creators: name: Ideguchi, E.
name: Cederwall, B.
name: Ganioğlu, E.
name: Hadinia, B.
name: Lagergren, K.
name: Bäck, T.
name: Johnson, A.
name: Wyss, R.
name: Eeckhaudt, S.
name: Grahn, T.
name: Greenlees, P.
name: Julin, R.
name: Juutinen, S.
name: Kettunen, H.
name: Leino, M.
name: Leppanen, A. -P.
name: Nieminen, P.
name: Nyman, M.
name: Pakarinen, J.
name: Rahkila, P.
name: Scholey, C.
name: Uusitalo, J.
name: Joss, D. T.
name: Paul, E. S.
name: Wiseman, D. R.
name: Wadsworth, R.
name: Afanasjev, A. V.
name: Ragnarsson, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High-spin states in the neutron deficient nucleus $^{107}$In were studied via the $^{58}$Ni($^{52}$Cr, 3p) reaction. In-beam $γ$ rays were measured using the JUROGAM detector array. A rotational cascade consisting of ten $γ$-ray transitions which decays to the 19/2$^{+}$ level at 2.002 MeV was observed. The band exhibits the features typical for smooth terminating bands which also appear in rotational bands of heavier nuclei in the A$\sim$100 region. The results are compared with Total Routhian Surface and Cranked Nilsson-Strutinsky calculations.
description: 27 pages, 16 figures, accepted for publication in Physical Review C
Pilot study on biocompatibility of fluorescent nanodiamond-(NV)-Z~800 particles in rats: Safety, pharmacokinetics, and bio-distribution (Part III)
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2018
Subjects: fluorescent nanodiamond particles
biocompatibility
near infrared imaging
scanning electron microscopy
neurobehavioral function
pharmacokinetics
rat

description: © 2018 Barone et al. Introduction: We hereby report on studies aimed to characterize safety, pharmacokinetics, and bio-distribution of fluorescent nanodiamond particles (NV)-Z~800 (FNDP-(NV)) administered to rats by intravenous infusion in a single high dose. Methods: Broad scale biological variables were monitored following acute (90 minutes) and subacute (5 or 14 days) exposure to FNDP-(NV). Primary endpoints included morbidity and mortality, while secondary endpoints focused on hematology and clinical biochemistry biomarkers. Particle distribution (liver, spleen, lung, heart, and kidney) was assessed by whole organ near infrared imaging using an in vivo imaging system. This was validated by the quantification of particles extracted from the same organs and visualized by fluorescent and scanning electron microscopy. FNDP-(NV)-treated rats showed no change in morbidity or mortality and preserved normal motor and sensory function, as assessed by six different tests. Results: Blood cell counts and plasma biochemistry remained normal. The particles were principally distributed in the liver and spleen. The liver particle load accounted for 51%, 24%, and 18% at 90 minutes, 5 days, and 14 days, respectively. A pilot study of particle clearance from blood indicated 50% clearance 33 minutes following the end of particle infusion. Conclusion: We concluded that systemic exposure of rats to a single high dose of FDNP-(NV)-Z~800 (60 mg/kg) appeared to be safe and well tolerated over at least 2 weeks. These data suggest that FNDP-(NV) should proceed to preclinical development in the near future.
Phylogeny estimation by integration over isolation with migration models
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2018
Subjects: isolation with migration
speciation
population genetics
coalescent
gene flow
divergence

description: © The Author(s) 2018. Phylogeny estimation is difficult for closely related populations and species, especially if they have been exchanging genes. We present a hierarchical Bayesian, Markov-chain Monte Carlo method with a state space that includes all possible phylogenies in a full Isolation-with-Migration model framework. The method is based on a new type of genealogy augmentation called a “hidden genealogy” that enables efficient updating of the phylogeny. This is the first likelihood-based method to fully incorporate directional gene flow and genetic drift for estimation of a species or population phylogeny. Application to human hunter-gatherer populations from Africa revealed a clear phylogenetic history, with strong support for gene exchange with an unsampled ghost population, and relatively ancient divergence between a ghost population and modern human populations, consistent with human/archaic divergence. In contrast, a study of five chimpanzee populations reveals a clear phylogeny with several pairs of populations having exchanged DNA, but does not support a history with an unsampled ghost population.
Awaous banana
Creators: name: Walsh, Stephen J.
name: Prosanta Chakrabarty
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Actinopterygii
Perciformes
Gobiidae
Awaous
Awaous banana

description: Awaous banana: LSUMZ 14826, 2, Panama, Dari'en Province, Puerto La Cantera, 1 April 2011.
description: Published as part of Stephen J. Walsh & Prosanta Chakrabarty, 2016, A New Genus and Species of Blind Sleeper (Teleostei: Eleotridae) from Oaxaca, Mexico: First Obligate Cave Gobiiform in the Western Hemisphere, pp. 506-517 in Copeia 104 (2) on page 515, DOI: 10.1643/CI-15-275, http://zenodo.org/record/269586
Where a psychopathic personality matters at work: a cross-industry study of the relation of dark triad and psychological capital
Creators: name: Stephan, Birgit
name: Lechner, Dominik
name: Stockkamp, Mariella
name: Hudecek, Matthias F. C.
name: Frey, Dieter
name: Lermer, Eva
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Narcissism, Psychological Capital, Dark Triad, Gender differences, person-environment fit, Homogeneity Hypothesis
subject: 150 Psychologie

description: Background
The concepts of Dark Triad and Psychological Capital (PsyCap) have been extensively researched separately, but until one recent study, their interrelation has not been investigated. Purpose of this study was to uncover differences of the relationship of both concepts across work related industries.
Methods
In total, 2,109 German employees across 11 industries completed a questionnaire on Dark Triad (narcissism, psychopathy and Machiavellianism) and PsyCap. Multiple regression analyses were used to test the association of both concepts across industries.
Results
Values of narcissism, psychopathy and PsyCap generally differed between industries. No significant differences were found for Machiavellianism. While narcissism relates positively to PsyCap in all industry sectors, psychopathy only showed a negative relation to PsyCap in some sectors. For industries architecture, automotive and consulting, psychopathy did not significantly predict PsyCap.
Conclusions
We argue that different expectations of employees per industry make it easier or harder for different personalities to assimilate (homogeneity hypothesis) to the work context (measured by PsyCap). Future studies should investigate this further with other variables such as person-organization-fit. This study was, however, the first to simultaneously investigate Dark Triad and PsyCap among employees and their respective industry. It extends previous findings by revealing differences of both concepts across and within industry sectors. The study can help to reconsider in which industries Dark Triad personality affects PsyCap as antecedent of workplace outcomes such as work satisfaction or job performance.
Opioid use prior to knee arthroplasty in patients who catastrophize about their pain: Preoperative data from a multisite randomized clinical trial
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2018
Subjects: pain
catastrophizing
opioid
knee
arthroplasty

description: © 2018 Riddle et al. Background: Opioid use rates prior to knee arthroplasty (KA) among people who catastrophize about their pain are unknown. We determined prevalence of opioid use and compared patterns of preoperative opioid use and oral morphine equivalent (OME), a measure of daily opioid dose, across varied geographic sites. We also determined which baseline variables were associated with opioid use and OME. Patients and methods: Preoperative opioid use data described type of opioid, dosage, and frequency among 397 patients scheduled for KA. Demographic, knee-related pain, and psychological distress dimensions were examined to identify variables associated with opioid use and opioid dose (OME). Opioid use prevalence and OME were compared across the four sites. A three-level censored regression determined variables associated with opioid use and OME. Results: The overall opioid use prevalence was 31.7% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 27.0, 36.3) and varied across sites from 15.9% (95% CI = 9.0, 22.8) to 51.2% (95% CI = 40.5, 61.9). After adjustment, patients using opioids were more likely to be younger, African American, and have higher self-efficacy and comorbidity scores (P < 0.05). The only variable independently associated with OME was lower depressive symptoms (P < 0.05). Conclusion: People who catastrophized prior to KA did not demonstrate increased preoperative opioid use based on current evidence, but variation in the prevalence of opioid use across study sites was substantial. Variables associated with opioid use were non-modifiable demographic and comorbidity variables.
Dormitator latifrons
Creators: name: Walsh, Stephen J.
name: Prosanta Chakrabarty
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Actinopterygii
Perciformes
Eleotridae
Dormitator
Dormitator latifrons

description: Dormitator latifrons: LSUMZ 14555, 1, Honduras, Departamento de Atla'ntida, E edge of Sambo Creek, 8 January 2011; UF 15255, 1 CS, Mexico, Colima State, mangrove swamp 1.7 mi SW of Tecoma'n, 1 June 1966.
description: Published as part of Stephen J. Walsh & Prosanta Chakrabarty, 2016, A New Genus and Species of Blind Sleeper (Teleostei: Eleotridae) from Oaxaca, Mexico: First Obligate Cave Gobiiform in the Western Hemisphere, pp. 506-517 in Copeia 104 (2) on page 515, DOI: 10.1643/CI-15-275, http://zenodo.org/record/269586
Study of jet fragmentation in p+p collisions at 200 GeV in the STAR experiment
Creators: name: Bruna, Elena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The measurement of jet fragmentation functions in p+p collisions at 200 GeV is of great interest because it provides a baseline to study jet quenching in heavy-ion collisions. It is expected that jet quenching in nuclear matter modifies the jet energy and multiplicity distributions, as well as the jet hadrochemical composition. Therefore, a systematic study of the fragmentation functions for charged hadrons and identified particles is a goal both in p+p and Au+Au collisions at RHIC. Studying fragmentation functions for identified particles is interesting in p+p by itself because it provides a test of NLO calculations at RHIC energies. We present a systematic comparison of jet energy spectra and fragment distributions using different jet-finding algorithms in p+p collisions in STAR. Fragmentation functions of charged and neutral strange particles are also reported for different jet energies.
description: Hot Quarks 08 Proceedings
Off-ramp coupling conditions devoid of spurious blocking and re-routing
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2018
Subjects: physics.soc-ph
35L65, 35Q91, 91B74

description: © National Academy of Sciences: Transportation Research Board 2018 When modeling vehicular traffic flow on highway networks via macroscopic models, suitable coupling conditions at the network nodes are crucial. Frequently, the evolution of traffic flow on each network edge is described in a lane-averaged fashion using a single-class Lighthill-Whitham-Richards model. At off-ramps, split ratios (i.e., what percentage of traffic exits the highway) are prescribed that can be drawn from historical data. In this situation, classic FIFO coupling conditions yield unrealistic results, in that a clogged off-ramp yields zero flux through the node. As a remedy, non-FIFO conditions have been proposed. However, as we demonstrate here, those lead to spurious re-routing of vehicles. A new coupling model, FIFO with queue (FIFOQ), is presented which preserves the desirable properties of non-FIFO models while not leading to any spurious re-routing.
Arecibo Pulsar Survey Using ALFA: Probing Radio Pulsar Intermittency and Transients
Creators: name: Deneva, J. S.
name: Cordes, J. M.
name: McLaughlin, M. A.
name: Nice, D. J.
name: Lorimer, D. R.
name: Crawford, F.
name: Bhat, N. D. R.
name: Camilo, F.
name: Champion, D. J.
name: Freire, P. C. C.
name: Edel, S.
name: Kondratiev, V. I.
name: Hessels, J. W. T.
name: Jenet, F. A.
name: Kasian, L.
name: Kaspi, V. M.
name: Kramer, M.
name: Lazarus, P.
name: van Leeuwen, J.
name: Ransom, S. M.
name: Stairs, I. H.
name: Stappers, B. W.
name: Brazier, A.
name: Venkataraman, A.
name: Zollweg, J. A.
name: Bogdanov, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present radio transient search algorithms, results, and statistics from the ongoing Arecibo Pulsar ALFA (PALFA) Survey of the Galactic plane. We have discovered seven objects by detecting isolated dispersed pulses and one of the new discoveries has a duty cycle of 0.01%, the smallest known. The impact of selection effects on the detectability and classification of intermittent sources is discussed, and the relative efficiencies of periodicity vs. single pulse searches are compared for various pulsar classes. We find that scintillation, off-axis detection and few rotation periods within an observation may misrepresent normal periodic pulsars as intermittent sources. Finally, we derive constraints on transient pulse rate and flux density from the PALFA survey parameters and results.
description: Added references, minor changes to Section 5.1. Accepted to ApJ
Dormitator maculatus
Creators: name: Walsh, Stephen J.
name: Prosanta Chakrabarty
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Actinopterygii
Perciformes
Eleotridae
Dormitator
Dormitator maculatus

description: Dormitator maculatus: LSUMZ 15901, 35, Honduras, Departamento de Colon, Laguna Guaimoreto, 10 September 2011; UF 87885, 1 CS, Florida, Martin County, Danforth Creek on Co Rte 714 about 1 mi E of turnpike, 9 September 1991.
description: Published as part of Stephen J. Walsh & Prosanta Chakrabarty, 2016, A New Genus and Species of Blind Sleeper (Teleostei: Eleotridae) from Oaxaca, Mexico: First Obligate Cave Gobiiform in the Western Hemisphere, pp. 506-517 in Copeia 104 (2) on page 515, DOI: 10.1643/CI-15-275, http://zenodo.org/record/269586
Diversification of portfolios in Canadian investment funds.
Creators: name: Rosen, Calman
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Diversification is a desirable characteristic of a well balanced investment portfolio. By diversifying investments over -a number of assets, one has a better chance of maintaining overall stability of capital and earning power. Prior to the development of the Markowitz theory, diversification had always been an intuitive process for most investment analysts. Using the Markowitz criteria of efficient diversification, the analyst now has a means of evaluating diversification in an investment portfolio. In his theory of diversification, Markowitz showed that the selection of securities could be made in a scientific manner so as to give a minimum of variation in an investment portfolio. His theory was based on the fact that all securities were not closely correlated in their price fluctuations, and each security had its own characteristics of expected return and variations in expected return. Using a mathematical procedure called quadratic programming, Markowitz suggested that a series of portfolios which had a minimum of variation for a given return could be selected from any list of investment alternatives. The only information needed on each investment alternative was its return based on price fluctuations and dividends, its statistical variance of return, and the amount of correlation between it and the other investment alternatives. The purpose of this thesis is to investigate the diversification in Canadian investment funds. In order to do this, it was necessary to divide the Canadian securities market into a workable number of investment alternatives, and to generate a series of optimum portfolios for each given rate of return. The optimum portfolios, based on the Markowitz criteria for diversification, could then be compared with the actual portfolios of Canadian investment funds. As a further basis of comparison, a series of random portfolios were also generated. The results of the comparisons revealed that Canadian investment funds did not exhibit properties of diversification as defined by the Markowitz criteria. The results also revealed that the investment funds were not significantly better than a random selector. These results could possibly be attributed to the size and structure of the Canadian securities market. A large investment fund, for example, could not concentrate on the few issues needed for proper diversification without affecting prices in the securities market. Another reason for lack of diversification is that the Canadian market is possibly not independent enough to present sufficient variety to the investor who wishes to properly diversify. Finally, there is reason to suspect that the basic philosophy behind the Markowitz approach, may not apply to many of the Canadian investment funds.
Motor modules during adaptation to walking in a powered ankle exoskeleton
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Neuromechanics
Gait
Adaptation
Motor module
Bilateral assistance
Exoskeleton

description: © 2018, The Author(s). Background Modules of muscle recruitment can be extracted from electromyography (EMG) during motions, such as walking, running, and swimming, to identify key features of muscle coordination. These features may provide insight into gait adaptation as a result of powered assistance. The aim of this study was to investigate the changes (module size, module timing and weighting patterns) of surface EMG data during assisted and unassisted walking in an powered, myoelectric, ankle-foot orthosis (ankle exoskeleton). Methods Eight healthy subjects wore bilateral ankle exoskeletons and walked at 1.2 m/s on a treadmill. In three training sessions, subjects walked for 40 min in two conditions: unpowered (10 min) and powered (30 min). During each session, we extracted modules of muscle recruitment via nonnegative matrix factorization (NNMF) from the surface EMG signals of ten muscles in the lower limb. We evaluated reconstruction quality for each muscle individually using R 2 and normalized root mean squared error (NRMSE). We hypothesized that the number of modules needed to reconstruct muscle data would be the same between conditions and that there would be greater similarity in module timings than weightings. Results Across subjects, we found that six modules were sufficient to reconstruct the muscle data for both conditions, suggesting that the number of modules was preserved. The similarity of module timings and weightings between conditions was greater then random chance, indicating that muscle coordination was also preserved. Motor adaptation during walking in the exoskeleton was dominated by changes in the module timings rather than module weightings. The segment number and the session number were significant fixed effects in a linear mixed-effect model for the increase in R 2 with time. Conclusions Our results show that subjects walking in a exoskeleton preserved the number of modules and the coordination of muscles within the modules across conditions. Training (motor adaptation within the session and motor skill consolidation across sessions) led to improved consistency of the muscle patterns. Subjects adapted primarily by changing the timing of their muscle patterns rather than the weightings of muscles in the modules. The results of this study give new insight into strategies for muscle recruitment during adaptation to a powered ankle exoskeleton.
Microbial Oxidation of the Fusidic Acid Side Chain by Cunninghamella echinulata
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2018
Subjects: fusidic acid
Cunninghamella echinulata
C-26-oxidation
C-27-oxidation

description: © 2018 by the authors. Biotransformation of fusidic acid (1) was accomplished using a battery of microorganisms including Cunninghamella echinulata NRRL 1382, which converted fusidic acid (1) into three new metabolites 2–4 and the known metabolite 5. These metabolites were identified using 1D and 2D NMR and HRESI-FTMS data. Structural assignment of the compounds was supported via computation of 1H- and 13C-NMR chemical shifts. Compounds 2 and 3 were assigned as the 27-hydroxy and 26-hydroxy derivatives of fusidic acid, respectively. Subsequent oxidation of 3 afforded aldehyde 4 and the dicarboxylic acid 5. Compounds 2, 4 and 5 were screened for antimicrobial activity against different Gram positive and negative bacteria, Mycobacterium smegmatis, M. intercellulare and Candida albicans. The compounds showed lower activity compared to fusidic acid against the tested strains. Molecular docking studies were carried out to assist the structural assignments and predict the binding modes of the metabolites.
Eleotris amblyopsis
Creators: name: Walsh, Stephen J.
name: Prosanta Chakrabarty
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Actinopterygii
Perciformes
Eleotridae
Eleotris
Eleotris amblyopsis

description: Eleotris amblyopsis: LSUMZ 15635, 2, Honduras, Departamento de Cort'es, Barra del Motagua, community of Omoa, 8 September 2011; UF 67681, 28 (1 CS), Costa Rica, Lim'on Province, Benjamin Creek 1 mi upstream Tortuguero River, 17 August 1969.
description: Published as part of Stephen J. Walsh & Prosanta Chakrabarty, 2016, A New Genus and Species of Blind Sleeper (Teleostei: Eleotridae) from Oaxaca, Mexico: First Obligate Cave Gobiiform in the Western Hemisphere, pp. 506-517 in Copeia 104 (2) on page 515, DOI: 10.1643/CI-15-275, http://zenodo.org/record/269586
The frustrated spin-1/2 J1-J2 Heisenberg ferromagnet on the square lattice: Exact diagonalization and Coupled-Cluster study
Creators: name: Richter, J.
name: Darradi, R.
name: Schulenburg, J.
name: Farnell, D. J. J.
name: Rosner, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the ground-state magnetic order of the spin-1/2 J1-J2 Heisenberg model on the square lattice with ferromagnetic nearest-neighbor exchange J1<0 and frustrating antiferromagnetic next-nearest neighbor exchange J2>0. We use the coupled-cluster method to high orders of approximation and Lanczos exact diagonalization of finite lattices of up to N=40 sites in order to calculate the ground-state energy, the spin-spin correlation functions, and the magnetic order parameter. We find that the transition point at which the ferromagnetic ground state disappears is given by J2^{c1}=0.393|J1| (exact diagonalization) and J2^{c1}=0.394|J1| (coupled-cluster method). We compare our results for ferromagnetic J1 with established results for the spin-1/2 J1-J2 Heisenberg model with antiferromagnetic J1. We find that both models (i.e., ferro- and antiferromagnetic J1) behave similarly for large J2, although significant differences between them are observed for J2/|J1| \lesssim 0.6. Although the semiclassical collinear magnetic long-range order breaks down at J2^{c2} \approx 0.6J1 for antiferromagnetic J1, we do not find a similar breakdown of this kind of long-range order until J2 \sim 0.4|J1| for the model with ferromagnetic J1. Unlike the case for antiferromagnetic J1, if an intermediate disordered phase does occur between the phases exhibiting semiclassical collinear stripe order and ferromagnetic order for ferromagnetic J1 then it is likely to be over a very small range below J2 \sim 0.4|J1|.
description: 15 pages, 7 figures, 2 tables