cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Dopamine Transporter Gene, a Spectrum of Most Common Risky Behaviors, and the Legal Status of the Behaviors
Creators: name: Wang, Hongyu
name: Guo, Rui
name: Guo, Guang
name: Harris, Kathleen Mullan
name: Cai, Tianji
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: This study tests the specific hypothesis that the 9R/9R genotype in the VNTR of the dopamine transporter gene (DAT1) exerts a general protective effect against a spectrum of risky behaviors in comparison to the 10R/9R and 10R/10R genotypes, drawing on three-time repeated measures of risky behaviors in adolescence and young adulthood on about 822 non-Hispanic white males from the Add Health study. Our data have established two empirical findings. The first is a protective main effect in the DAT1 gene against risky behaviors. The second finding is that the protective effect varies over age, with the effect prominent at ages when a behavior is illegal and the effect largely vanished at ages when the behavior becomes legal or more socially tolerated. Both the protective main effect and the gene-lifecourse interaction effect are replicated across a spectrum of most common risky behaviors: delinquency, variety of sexual partners, binge drinking, drinking quantity, smoking quantity, smoking frequency, marijuana use, cocaine use, other illegal drug use, and seatbelt non-wearing. We also compared individuals with the protective genotype and individuals without it in terms of age, physical maturity, verbal IQ, GPA, received popularity, sent popularity, church attendance, two biological parents, and parental education. These comparisons indicate that the protective effect of DAT1*9R/9R cannot be explained away by these background characteristics. Our work demonstrates how legal/social contexts can enhance or reduce a genetic effect on risky behaviors.
Canadian Gallup Poll # 463-1
Creators: name: Canadian Institute Of Public Opinion (Gallup)
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2020

description: Federal election vote intent(1); past federal elections vote(1); business conditions in the community(1); wage/price controls(1); defense policies(2); nuclear war(1); situation in the Middle East(1); UN and nuclear disarmament(2); US capital in Canada(2); greatest threat to Canada: big business, labor or government(1); satisfaction with the direction Canada is going(2); interest rates(3). Note: Demographics(17). Same as previous data set.
The Interaction between AID and CIB1 Is Nonessential for Antibody Gene Diversification by Gene Conversion or Class Switch Recombination
Creators: name: Parise, Leslie V.
name: Brown, William L.
name: Demorest, Zachary L.
name: Morham, Scott G.
name: MacDuff, Donna A.
name: Harris, Reuben S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Activation-induced deaminase (AID) initiates somatic hypermutation, gene conversion and class switch recombination by deaminating variable and switch region DNA cytidines to uridines. AID is predominantly cytoplasmic and must enter the nuclear compartment to initiate these distinct antibody gene diversification reactions. Nuclear AID is relatively short-lived, as it is efficiently exported by a CRM1-dependent mechanism and it is susceptible to proteasome-dependent degradation. To help shed light on mechanisms of post-translational regulation, a yeast-based screen was performed to identify AID-interacting proteins. The calcium and integrin binding protein CIB1 was identified by sequencing and the interaction was confirmed by immunoprecipitation experiments. The AID/CIB1 resisted DNase and RNase treatment, and it is therefore unlikely to be mediated by nucleic acid. The requirement for CIB1 in AID-mediated antibody gene diversification reactions was assessed in CIB1-deficient DT40 cells and in knockout mice, but immunoglobulin gene conversion and class switch recombination appeared normal. The DT40 system was also used to show that CIB1 over-expression has no effect on gene conversion and that AID-EGFP subcellular localization is normal. These combined data demonstrate that CIB1 is not required for AID to mediate antibody gene diversification processes. It remains possible that CIB1 has an alternative, a redundant or a subtle non-limiting regulatory role in AID biology.
Canadian Gallup Omnibus Poll # 106-2
Creators: name: Inc., The Canadian Gallup Poll
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2019

description: Federal and provincial elections vote intent(2); past federal and provincial elections vote(2); US President and Vice-President job performances(2); national current and historical events quiz(8); national and ethnic diversity(4); major political party leaders approval(3); how men and women see each other(14); amending the Constitution(1); Ontario Prime Minister job performance(1). Note: Standard demographics(17).
Symmetry protected exceptional points of interacting fermions
Creators: name: Schäfer, Robin
name: Budich, Jan C.
name: Luitz, David J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Non-hermitian quantum systems can exhibit spectral degeneracies known as exceptional points, where two or more eigenvectors coalesce, leading to a non-diagonalizable Jordan block. It is known that symmetries can enhance the abundance of exceptional points in non-interacting systems. Here, we investigate the fate of such symmetry protected exceptional points in the presence of a symmetry preserving interaction between fermions and find that, (i) exceptional points are stable in the presence of the interaction. Their propagation through the parameter space leads to the formation of characteristic exceptional ``fans''. In addition, (ii) we identify a new source for exceptional points which are only present due to the interaction. These points emerge from diagonalizable degeneracies in the non-interacting case. Beyond their creation and stability, (iii) we also find that exceptional points can annihilate each other if they meet in parameter space with compatible many-body states forming a third order exceptional point at the endpoint. These phenomena are well captured by an ``exceptional perturbation theory'' starting from a non-interacting Hamiltonian.
The Mrs1 Splicing Factor Binds the bI3 Group I Intron at Each of Two Tetraloop-Receptor Motifs
Creators: name: Duncan, Caia D. S.
name: Weeks, Kevin M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Most large ribozymes require protein cofactors in order to function efficiently. The yeast mitochondrial bI3 group I intron requires two proteins for efficient splicing, Mrs1 and the bI3 maturase. Mrs1 has evolved from DNA junction resolvases to function as an RNA cofactor for at least two group I introns; however, the RNA binding site and the mechanism by which Mrs1 facilitates splicing were unknown. Here we use high-throughput RNA structure analysis to show that Mrs1 binds a ubiquitous RNA tertiary structure motif, the GNRA tetraloop-receptor interaction, at two sites in the bI3 RNA. Mrs1 also interacts at similar tetraloop-receptor elements, as well as other structures, in the self-folding Azoarcus group I intron and in the RNase P enzyme. Thus, Mrs1 recognizes general features found in the tetraloop-receptor motif. Identification of the two Mrs1 binding sites now makes it possible to create a model of the complete six-component bI3 ribonucleoprotein. All protein cofactors bind at the periphery of the RNA such that every long-range RNA tertiary interaction is stabilized by protein binding, involving either Mrs1 or the bI3 maturase. This work emphasizes the strong evolutionary pressure to bolster RNA tertiary structure with RNA-binding interactions as seen in the ribosome, spliceosome, and other large RNA machines.
Additional file 1 of Targeted AntiBiotics for Chronic pulmonary diseases (TARGET ABC): can targeted antibiotic therapy improve the prognosis of Pseudomonas aeruginosa-infected patients with chronic pulmonary obstructive disease, non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis, and asthma? A multicenter, randomized, controlled, open-label trial
Creators: name: Eklöf, Josefin
name: Alispahic, Imane Achir
name: Sivapalan, Pradeesh
name: Wilcke, Torgny
name: Seersholm, Niels
name: Armbruster, Karin
name: Kjærgaard, Jakob Lyngby
name: Saeed, Mohamad Isam
name: Nielsen, Thyge Lynghøj
name: Browatzki, Andrea
name: Overgaard, Rikke Holmen
name: Fenlev, Camilla Sund
name: Harboe, Zitta Barella
name: Andreassen, Helle Frost
name: Lapperre, Therese Sophie
name: Pedersen, Lars
name: Johnsen, Stine
name: Ulrik, Charlotte Suppli
name: Janner, Julie
name: Moberg, Mia
name: Heidemann, Maria
name: Weinreich, Ulla Møller
name: Vijdea, Roxana
name: Linde, Hans
name: Titlestad, Ingrid
name: Johansson, Sofie Lock
name: Rosenvinge, Flemming Schønning
name: Østergaard, Christian
name: Ghathian, Khaled Saoud Ali
name: Gundersen, Lise
name: Christensen, Christina Wellendorph
name: Bangsborg, Jette
name: Jensen, Torben Tranborg
name: Sørensen, Vibeke Muff
name: Ellingsgaard, Thilde
name: Datcu, Raluca
name: Coia, John Eugenio
name: Bodtger, Uffe
name: Jensen, Jens Ulrik Stæhr
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 1.
Toxoplasma gondii Infection Specifically Increases the Levels of Key Host MicroRNAs
Creators: name: Norman, Kara L.
name: Hammond, Scott M.
name: Zeiner, Gusti M.
name: Boothroyd, John C.
name: Thomson, J. Michael
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: BackgroundThe apicomplexan parasite Toxoplasma gondii can infect and replicate in virtually any nucleated cell in many species of warm-blooded animals; thus, it has evolved the ability to exploit well-conserved biological processes common to its diverse hosts. Here we have investigated whether Toxoplasma modulates the levels of host microRNAs (miRNAs) during infection.Methodology/Principal FindingsUsing microarray profiling and a combination of conventional molecular approaches we report that Toxoplasma specifically modulates the expression of important host microRNAs during infection. We show that both the primary transcripts for miR-17∼92 and miR-106b∼25 and the pivotal miRNAs that are derived from miR-17∼92 display increased abundance in Toxoplasma-infected primary human cells; a Toxoplasma-dependent up-regulation of the miR-17∼92 promoter is at least partly responsible for this increase. The abundance of mature miR-17 family members, which are derived from these two miRNA clusters, remains unchanged in host cells infected with the closely related apicomplexan Neospora caninum; thus, the Toxoplasma-induced increase in their abundance is a highly directed process rather than a general host response to infection.Conclusions/SignificanceAltered levels of miR-17∼92 and miR-106b∼25 are known to play crucial roles in mammalian cell regulation and have been implicated in numerous hyperproliferative diseases although the mechanisms driving their altered expression are unknown. Hence, in addition to the implications of these findings on the host-pathogen interaction, Toxoplasma may represent a powerful probe for understanding the normal mechanisms that regulate the levels of key host miRNAs.
ФРАНЦУЗ ТИЛИДА ҲАРОРАТНИ ИФОДАЛОВЧИ  СИФАТЛАРНИНГ ЛЕКСИК-СЕМАНТИК СТРУКТУРАСИ
Creators: name: Сайджанова, Комила
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Ушбу мақола ҳароратни идрок этиш билан боғлиқ бўлган кўп маъноли сўзларнинг маъноларини таҳлил қилиш ва туркумлашнинг мураккаб жараёни ҳақида, матнларнинг катта корпусидан фойдаланиш ва маънонинг ҳам синтагматик, ҳам парадигматик томонларига эътибор қаратиш кераклигидан иборат.
Current status of the problem of thermal Casimir force
Creators: name: Klimchitskaya, G. L.
name: Mostepanenko, V. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The problem of thermal Casimir force, which consists in disagreement of theoretical predictions of the fundamental Lifshitz theory with the measurement data of high precision experiments and some peculiar properties of the Casimir entropy, is reviewed. We discuss different approaches to the resolution of this problem proposed in the literature during the last twenty years. Particular attention is given to the role of the effects of spatial dispersion. The recently suggested nonlocal Drude-like permittivities which take proper account of the dissipation of conduction electrons and bring the predictions of the Lifshitz theory in agreement with experiment and requirements of thermodynamics are considered. The prospects of this approach in the ultimate resolution of the problem of thermal Casimir force are evaluated.
description: 26 pages, 8 figures; accepted for publication in the Special Issue of Int. J. Mod. Phys. A "The State of Quantum Vacuum: Casimir Physics in the 2020s" (edited by Prof. K. A. Milton)
Using an Improved Phagocytosis Assay to Evaluate the Effect of HIV on Specific Antibodies to Pregnancy-Associated Malaria
Creators: name: Rogerson, Stephen J.
name: Wilson, Danny W.
name: Hasang, Wina
name: Meshnick, Steven R.
name: Beeson, James G.
name: Mwapasa, Victor
name: Ataíde, Ricardo
name: Molyneux, Malcolm E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: BackgroundPregnant women residing in malaria endemic areas are highly susceptible to Plasmodium falciparum malaria, particularly during their first pregnancy, resulting in low birth weight babies and maternal anaemia. This susceptibility is associated with placental sequestration of parasitised red blood cells expressing pregnancy-specific variant surface antigens. Acquisition of antibodies against these variant surface antigens may protect women and their offspring. Functions of such antibodies may include prevention of placental sequestration or opsonisation of parasitised cells for phagocytic clearance.Methodology/FindingsHere we report the development and optimisation of a new high-throughput flow cytometry-based phagocytosis assay using undifferentiated Thp-1 cells to quantitate the amount of opsonizing antibody in patient sera, and apply this assay to measure the impact of HIV on the levels of antibodies to a pregnancy malaria-associated parasite line in a cohort of Malawian primigravid women. The assay showed high reproducibility, with inter-experimental correlation of r2 = 0.99. In primigravid women, concurrent malaria infection was associated with significantly increased antibodies, whereas HIV decreased the ability to acquire opsonising antibodies (Mann-Whitney ranksum: p = 0.013). This decrease was correlated with HIV-induced immunosuppression, with women with less than 350×106 CD4+ T- cells/L having less opsonising antibodies (coef: −11.95,P = 0.002). Levels of antibodies were not associated with protection from low birth weight or anaemia.Conclusions/SignificanceThis flow cytometry-based phagocytosis assay proved to be efficient and accurate for the measurement of Fc-receptor mediated phagocytosis-inducing antibodies in large cohorts. HIV was found to affect mainly the acquisition of antibodies to pregnancy-specific malaria in primigravidae. Further studies of the relationship between opsonising antibodies to malaria in pregnancy and HIV are indicated.
Modelling MHD accretion-ejection - episodic ejections of jets triggered by a mean-field disk dynamo
Creators: name: Stepanovs, Deniss
name: Fendt, Christian
name: Sheikhnezami, Somayeh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present MHD simulations exploring the launching, acceleration and collimation of jets and disk winds. The evolution of the disk structure is consistently taken into account. Extending our earlier studies, we now consider the self-generation of the magnetic field by an $α^2Ω$ mean-field dynamo. The disk magnetization remains on a rather low level, that helps to evolve the simulations for $T > 10,000$ dynamical time steps on a domain extending 1500 inner disk radii. We find a magnetic field of the inner disk similar to the commonly found open field structure, favoring magneto-centrifugal launching. The outer disk field is highly inclined and predominantly radial. Here, differential rotation induces a strong toroidal component that plays a key role in outflow launching. These outflows from the outer disk are slower, denser, and less collimated. If the dynamo action is not quenched, magnetic flux is continuously generated, diffuses outward the disk, and fills the entire disk. We have invented a toy model triggering a time-dependent mean-field dynamo. The duty cycles of this dynamo lead to episodic ejections on similar timescales. When the dynamo is suppressed as the magnetization falls below a critical value, the generation of the outflows and also accretion is inhibited. The general result is that we can steer episodic ejection and {\em large-scale jet knots} by a {\em disk-intrinsic dynamo} that is time-dependent and regenerates the jet-launching magnetic field.
description: 15 pages, 12 figures; accepted in ApJ; comments are welcome
A Blood-Based Screening Tool for Alzheimer's Disease That Spans Serum and Plasma: Findings from TARC and ADNI
Creators: name: Edwards, Melissa
name: Graff-Radford, Neill
name: Diaz-Arrastia, Ramon
name: Huebinger, Ryan
name: Xiao, Guanghua
name: Doody, Rachelle
name: Wilhelmsen, Kirk
name: O'Bryant, Sid E.
name: Barber, Robert
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: ContextThere is no rapid and cost effective tool that can be implemented as a front-line screening tool for Alzheimer's disease (AD) at the population level.ObjectiveTo generate and cross-validate a blood-based screener for AD that yields acceptable accuracy across both serum and plasma.Design, Setting, ParticipantsAnalysis of serum biomarker proteins were conducted on 197 Alzheimer's disease (AD) participants and 199 control participants from the Texas Alzheimer's Research Consortium (TARC) with further analysis conducted on plasma proteins from 112 AD and 52 control participants from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI). The full algorithm was derived from a biomarker risk score, clinical lab (glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol, homocysteine), and demographic (age, gender, education, APOE*E4 status) data.Major Outcome MeasuresAlzheimer's disease.Results11 proteins met our criteria and were utilized for the biomarker risk score. The random forest (RF) biomarker risk score from the TARC serum samples (training set) yielded adequate accuracy in the ADNI plasma sample (training set) (AUC = 0.70, sensitivity (SN) = 0.54 and specificity (SP) = 0.78), which was below that obtained from ADNI cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) analyses (t-tau/Aβ ratio AUC = 0.92). However, the full algorithm yielded excellent accuracy (AUC = 0.88, SN = 0.75, and SP = 0.91). The likelihood ratio of having AD based on a positive test finding (LR+) = 7.03 (SE = 1.17; 95% CI = 4.49–14.47), the likelihood ratio of not having AD based on the algorithm (LR−) = 3.55 (SE = 1.15; 2.22–5.71), and the odds ratio of AD were calculated in the ADNI cohort (OR) = 28.70 (1.55; 95% CI = 11.86–69.47).ConclusionsIt is possible to create a blood-based screening algorithm that works across both serum and plasma that provides a comparable screening accuracy to that obtained from CSF analyses.
A Comparative Survey of the Frequency and Distribution of Polymorphism in the Genome of Xenopus tropicalis
Creators: name: Hall, Amanda
name: Pardo-Manuel de Villena, Fernando
name: Carruthers, Samantha
name: Showell, Chris
name: Conlon, Frank L.
name: Stemple, Derek
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Naturally occurring DNA sequence variation within a species underlies evolutionary adaptation and can give rise to phenotypic changes that provide novel insight into biological questions. This variation exists in laboratory populations just as in wild populations and, in addition to being a source of useful alleles for genetic studies, can impact efforts to identify induced mutations in sequence-based genetic screens. The Western clawed frog Xenopus tropicalis (X. tropicalis) has been adopted as a model system for studying the genetic control of embryonic development and a variety of other areas of research. Its diploid genome has been extensively sequenced and efforts are underway to isolate mutants by phenotype- and genotype-based approaches. Here, we describe a study of genetic polymorphism in laboratory strains of X. tropicalis. Polymorphism was detected in the coding and non-coding regions of developmental genes distributed widely across the genome. Laboratory strains exhibit unexpectedly high frequencies of genetic polymorphism, with alleles carrying a variety of synonymous and non-synonymous codon substitutions and nucleotide insertions/deletions. Inter-strain comparisons of polymorphism uncover a high proportion of shared alleles between Nigerian and Ivory Coast strains, in spite of their distinct geographical origins. These observations will likely influence the design of future sequence-based mutation screens, particularly those using DNA mismatch-based detection methods which can be disrupted by the presence of naturally occurring sequence variants. The existence of a significant reservoir of alleles also suggests that existing laboratory stocks may be a useful source of novel alleles for mapping and functional studies.
A Cross-Sectional Study of HPV Vaccine Acceptability in Gaborone, Botswana
Creators: name: DiAngi, Yumi Taylor
name: Brewer, Noel T.
name: Panozzo, Catherine A.
name: Steenhoff, Andrew P.
name: Ramogola-Masire, Doreen
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: BackgroundCervical cancer is the most common cancer among women in Botswana and elsewhere in Sub-Saharan Africa. We sought to examine whether HPV vaccine is acceptable among parents in Botswana, which recently licensed the vaccine to prevent cervical cancer.Methods and FindingsWe conducted a cross-sectional survey in 2009, around the time the vaccine was first licensed, with adults recruited in general medicine and HIV clinics in Gaborone, the capital of Botswana. Although only 9% (32/376) of respondents had heard of HPV vaccine prior to the survey, 88% (329/376) said they definitely will have their adolescent daughters receive HPV vaccine. Most respondents would get the vaccine for their daughters at a public or community clinic (42%) or a gynecology or obstetrician's office (39%), and 74% would get it for a daughter if it were available at her school. Respondents were more likely to say that they definitely will get HPV vaccine for their daughters if they had less education (OR = 0.20, 95% CI = 0.07–0.58) or lived more than 30 kilometers from the capital, Gaborone (OR = 2.29, 95% CI = 1.06–4.93). Other correlates of acceptability were expecting to be involved in the decision to get HPV vaccine, thinking the vaccine would be hard to obtain, and perceiving greater severity of HPV-related diseases.ConclusionsHPV vaccination of adolescent girls would be highly acceptable if the vaccine became widely available to the daughters of healthcare seeking parents in Gaborone, Botswana. Potential HPV vaccination campaigns should provide more information about HPV and the vaccine as well as work to minimize barriers.
Canadian Gallup Poll # 444-4
Creators: name: Canadian Institute Of Public Opinion (Gallup)
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2020

description: Federal election vote intent(1); past federal elections vote(1); confidence in US(1); Canada's Constitution under Canadian control(1); mandatory retirement(1); possibility of Canada breaking up(1); Prime Minister and the opposition leader job performance(3); inflation(1). Note: Demographics(15).
Harnessing Interpretable Machine Learning for Holistic Inverse Design of Origami
Creators: name: Zhu, Yi
name: Filipov, Evgueni T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This work harnesses interpretable machine learning methods to address the challenging inverse design problem of origami-inspired systems. We show that a decision tree-random forest method is particularly suitable for fitting origami databases, containing both design features and functional performance, to generate human-understandable decision rules for the inverse design of functional origami. First, the tree method is unique because it can handle complex interactions between categorical features and continuous features, allowing it to compare different origami patterns for a design. Second, this interpretable method can tackle multi-objective problems for designing functional origami with multiple and multi-physical performance targets. Finally, the method can extend existing shape-fitting algorithms for origami to consider non-geometrical performance. The proposed framework enables holistic inverse design of origami, considering both shape and function, to build novel reconfigurable structures for various applications such as metamaterials, deployable structures, soft robots, biomedical devices, and many more.
Canadian Gallup Poll # 003-1
Creators: name: Inc., The Canadian Gallup Poll
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2019

description: Federal election vote intent(1); past federal elections vote(1); disabled children and schools(2); employment, work(5); federal budget(3); privatizing government-run companies(8); US capital investment in Canada(1); chances of nuclear war(1); Meech Lake Accord(5). Note: Standard demographics(17).
Complexity of LP in Terms of the Face Lattice
Creators: name: Maksimenko, Aleksandr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $X$ be a finite set in $Z^d$. We consider the problem of optimizing linear function $f(x) = c^T x$ on $X$, where $c\in Z^d$ is an input vector. We call it a problem $X$. A problem $X$ is related with linear program $\max\limits_{x \in P} f(x)$, where polytope $P$ is a convex hull of $X$. The key parameters for evaluating the complexity of a problem $X$ are the dimension $d$, the cardinality $|X|$, and the encoding size $S(X) = \log_2 \left(\max\limits_{x\in X} \|x\|_{\infty}\right)$. We show that if the (time and space) complexity of some algorithm $A$ for solving a problem $X$ is defined only in terms of combinatorial structure of $P$ and the size $S(X)$, then for every $d$ and $n$ there exists polynomially (in $d$, $\log n$, and $S$) solvable problem $Y$ with $\dim Y = d$, $|Y| = n$, such that the algorithm $A$ requires exponential time or space for solving $Y$.
description: 11 pages
Model-agnostic Multi-Domain Learning with Domain-Specific Adapters for Action Recognition
Creators: name: Omi, Kazuki
name: Kimata, Jun
name: Tamaki, Toru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we propose a multi-domain learning model for action recognition. The proposed method inserts domain-specific adapters between layers of domain-independent layers of a backbone network. Unlike a multi-head network that switches classification heads only, our model switches not only the heads, but also the adapters for facilitating to learn feature representations universal to multiple domains. Unlike prior works, the proposed method is model-agnostic and doesn't assume model structures unlike prior works. Experimental results on three popular action recognition datasets (HMDB51, UCF101, and Kinetics-400) demonstrate that the proposed method is more effective than a multi-head architecture and more efficient than separately training models for each domain.
description: IEICE Transactions on Information and Systems, Vol. E105-D, No. 12, Dec. 2022
A Folding Pathway-Dependent Score to Recognize Membrane Proteins
Creators: name: Hadi-Alijanvand, Hamid
name: Moosavi-Movahedi, Ali A.
name: Rouhani, Maryam
name: Dokholyan, Nikolay V.
name: Proctor, Elizabeth A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: While various approaches exist to study protein localization, it is still a challenge to predict where proteins localize. Here, we consider a mechanistic viewpoint for membrane localization. Taking into account the steps for the folding pathway of α-helical membrane proteins and relating biophysical parameters to each of these steps, we create a score capable of predicting the propensity for membrane localization and call it FP3mem. This score is driven from the principal component analysis (PCA) of the biophysical parameters related to membrane localization. FP3mem allows us to rationalize the colocalization of a number of channel proteins with the Cav1.2 channel by their fewer propensities for membrane localization.
Dust environment and dynamical history of a sample of short period comets
Creators: name: Pozuelos, F. J.
name: Moreno, F.
name: Aceituno, F.
name: Casanova, V.
name: Sota, A.
name: López-Moreno, J. J.
name: Castellano, J.
name: Reina, E.
name: Diepvens, A.
name: Betoret, A.
name: Häusler, B.
name: González, C.
name: Rodríguez, D.
name: Bryssinck, E.
name: Cortés, E.
name: García, F.
name: García, F.
name: Limón, F.
name: Grau, F.
name: Fratev, F.
name: Baldrís, F.
name: Rodriguez, F. A.
name: Montalbán, F.
name: Soldán, F.
name: Muler, G.
name: Almendros, I.
name: Temprano, J.
name: Bel, J.
name: Sánchez, J.
name: Lopesino, J.
name: Báez, J.
name: Hernández, J. F.
name: Martín, J. L.
name: Ruiz, J. M.
name: Vidal, J. R.
name: Gaitán, J.
name: Salto, J. L.
name: Aymamí, J. M.
name: Bosch, J. M.
name: Henríquez, J. A.
name: Martín, J. J.
name: Lacruz, J.
name: Tremosa, L.
name: Lahuerta, L.
name: Reszelsky, M.
name: Rodríguez, M.
name: Camarasa, M.
name: Campas, M.
name: Canales, O.
name: Dekelver, P. J.
name: Moreno, Q.
name: Benavides, R.
name: Naves, R.
name: Dymoc, R.
name: García, R.
name: Lahuerta, S.
name: Climent, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aims. In this work, we present an extended study of the dust environment of a sample of short period comets and their dynamical history. With this aim, we characterized the dust tails when the comets are active, and we made a statistical study to determine their dynamical evolution. The targets selected were 22P/Kopff, 30P/Reinmuth 1, 78P/Gehrels 2, 115P/Maury, 118P/Shoemaker-Levy 4, 123P/West-Hartley, 157P/Tritton, 185/Petriew, and P/2011 W2 (Rinner). Methods. We use two different observational data: a set of images taken at the Observatorio de Sierra Nevada and the Afrho curves provided by the amateur astronomical association Cometas-Obs. To model these observations, we use our Monte Carlo dust tail code. From this analysis, we derive the dust parameters, which best describe the dust environment: dust loss rates, ejection velocities, and size distribution of particles. On the other hand, we use a numerical integrator to study the dynamical history of the comets, which allows us to determine with a 90% of confidence level the time spent by these objects in the region of Jupiter Family Comets. Results. From the Monte Carlo dust tail code, we derived three categories attending to the amount of dust emitted: Weakly active (115P, 157P, and Rinner), moderately active (30P, 123P, and 185P), and highly active (22P, 78P, and 118P). The dynamical studies showed that the comets of this sample are young in the Jupiter Family region, where the youngest ones are 22P (100 yr), 78P (500 yr), and 118P (600 yr). The study points to a certain correlation between comet activity and time spent in the Jupiter Family region, although this trend is not always fulfilled. The largest particle sizes are not tightly constrained, so that the total dust mass derived should be regarded as lower limits.}
description: 14 pages, 25 figures, Accepted for publication in A&A
Entanglement and quantum correlations in the XX spin-$1/2$ honeycomb lattice
Creators: name: Satoori, S.
name: Mahdavifar, S.
name: Vahedi, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ground state phase diagram of the dimerized spin-1/2 XX honeycomb model in presence of a transverse magnetic field (TF) is known. With the absence of the magnetic field, two quantum phases, namely, the Néel and the dimerized phases have been identified. Moreover, canted Néel and the paramagnetic (PM) phases also emerge by applying the magnetic field. In this paper, using two complementary numerical exact techniques, Lanczos exact diagonalization, and Density matrix renormalization group (DMRG) methods, we study this model by focusing on the quantum correlations, the concurrence, and the quantum discord (QD) among nearest-neighbor spins. We show that the quantum correlations can capture the position of the quantum critical points in the whole range of the ground state phase diagram consistent with previous results. Although the concurrence and the QD are short-range, informative about long-ranged critical correlations. In addition, we address a "magnetic-entanglement" behavior that starts from an entangled field around the saturation field.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
Canadian Gallup Poll # 006-1
Creators: name: Inc., The Canadian Gallup Poll
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2019

description: Federal election vote intent(1); past federal elections vote(1); important issues facing Canada(16); satisfaction with Canada's progress(1); Meech Lake Accord(6); impressions of political leaders(7); satisfaction with community services(10). Note: Standard demographics(17).
A Generic Program for Multistate Protein Design
Creators: name: Jacak, Ron
name: Leaver-Fay, Andrew
name: Stranges, P. Benjamin
name: Kuhlman, Brian
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Some protein design tasks cannot be modeled by the traditional single state design strategy of finding a sequence that is optimal for a single fixed backbone. Such cases require multistate design, where a single sequence is threaded onto multiple backbones (states) and evaluated for its strengths and weaknesses on each backbone. For example, to design a protein that can switch between two specific conformations, it is necessary to to find a sequence that is compatible with both backbone conformations. We present in this paper a generic implementation of multistate design that is suited for a wide range of protein design tasks and demonstrate in silico its capabilities at two design tasks: one of redesigning an obligate homodimer into an obligate heterodimer such that the new monomers would not homodimerize, and one of redesigning a promiscuous interface to bind to only a single partner and to no longer bind the rest of its partners. Both tasks contained negative design in that multistate design was asked to find sequences that would produce high energies for several of the states being modeled. Success at negative design was assessed by computationally redocking the undesired protein-pair interactions; we found that multistate design's accuracy improved as the diversity of conformations for the undesired protein-pair interactions increased. The paper concludes with a discussion of the pitfalls of negative design, which has proven considerably more challenging than positive design.
Canadian Gallup Poll # 379
Creators: name: Canadian Institute Of Public Opinion (Gallup)
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2019

description: Federal election vote intent(1); past federal elections vote(1); labor productivity in Canada(2); plans for further education(2); Canada's greatest threat: big business, labor or government(1); shorter work-week(1); cuts in government social programs(9); Canada-US relations(1); chances of world war(2); housing(2). Note: Demographics(15).
A Laminin G-EGF-Laminin G Module in Neurexin IV Is Essential for the Apico-Lateral Localization of Contactin and Organization of Septate Junctions
Creators: name: Bhat, Manzoor A.
name: Madden, Victoria J.
name: Banerjee, Swati
name: Mino, Rosa E.
name: Blauth, Kevin
name: Fisher, Elizabeth S.
name: Paik, Raehum
name: Fanning, Alan S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Septate junctions (SJs) display a unique ultrastructural morphology with ladder-like electron densities that are conserved through evolution. Genetic and molecular analyses have identified a highly conserved core complex of SJ proteins consisting of three cell adhesion molecules Neurexin IV, Contactin, and Neuroglian, which interact with the cytoskeletal FERM domain protein Coracle. How these individual proteins interact to form the septal arrays that create the paracellular barrier is poorly understood. Here, we show that point mutations that map to specific domains of neurexin IV lead to formation of fewer septae and disorganization of SJs. Consistent with these observations, our in vivo domain deletion analyses identified the first Laminin G-EGF-Laminin G module in the extracellular region of Neurexin IV as necessary for the localization of and association with Contactin. Neurexin IV protein that is devoid of its cytoplasmic region is able to create septae, but fails to form a full complement of SJs. These data provide the first in vivo evidence that specific domains in Neurexin IV are required for protein-protein interactions and organization of SJs. Given the molecular conservation of SJ proteins across species, our studies may provide insights into how vertebrate axo-glial SJs are organized in myelinated axons.
Canadian Gallup Omnibus Poll # 104-2
Creators: name: Inc., The Canadian Gallup Poll
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2019

description: Federal and provincial elections vote intent(2); past federal and provincial elections vote(2); hunger in Canada(2); Palestinian- Israeli conflict(2); drinking habits(1); Canada's Charter of Rights and Freedoms(1); 'environmentaly friendly goods'(3); shops open on Sundays(1); Quebec's separatism(1). Note: Standard demographics(17).
Dynamic Selection of Symmetric Key Cryptographic Algorithms for Securing Data Based on Various Parameters
Creators: name: Masram, Ranjeet
name: Shahare, Vivek
name: Abraham, Jibi
name: Moona, Rajni
name: Sinha, Pradeep
name: Sunder, Gaur
name: Bendale, Prashant
name: Pophalkar, Sayali
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Most of the information is in the form of electronic data. A lot of electronic data exchanged takes place through computer applications. Therefore information exchange through these applications needs to be secure. Different cryptographic algorithms are usually used to address these security concerns. However, along with security there are other factors that need to be considered for practical implementation of different cryptographic algorithms like implementation cost and performance. This paper provides comparative analysis of time taken for encryption by seven symmetric key cryptographic algorithms (AES, DES, Triple DES, RC2, Skipjack, Blowfish and RC4) with variation of parameters like different data types, data density, data size and key sizes.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures, Fifth International Conference on Communications Security & Information Assurance (CSIA 2014) May 24~25, 2014, Delhi, India
Canadian Gallup Omnibus Poll # 110-1
Creators: name: Inc., The Canadian Gallup Poll
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2019

description: Federal elections vote intent(1); past federal elections vote(1); Halloween: safety, werewolfs, witches(6); Free Trade Agreement with US(1); constitutional reforms(1); Quebec separatism(2); mercy killing(1); federal government tax(1); federal government employees(1); trust in government or private employees(4); Elvis Presley(1); Ontario election vote intent(1); Ontario Prime Minister job performance(1). Note: Standard demographics(18).
Additional file 2 of Targeted AntiBiotics for Chronic pulmonary diseases (TARGET ABC): can targeted antibiotic therapy improve the prognosis of Pseudomonas aeruginosa-infected patients with chronic pulmonary obstructive disease, non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis, and asthma? A multicenter, randomized, controlled, open-label trial
Creators: name: Eklöf, Josefin
name: Alispahic, Imane Achir
name: Sivapalan, Pradeesh
name: Wilcke, Torgny
name: Seersholm, Niels
name: Armbruster, Karin
name: Kjærgaard, Jakob Lyngby
name: Saeed, Mohamad Isam
name: Nielsen, Thyge Lynghøj
name: Browatzki, Andrea
name: Overgaard, Rikke Holmen
name: Fenlev, Camilla Sund
name: Harboe, Zitta Barella
name: Andreassen, Helle Frost
name: Lapperre, Therese Sophie
name: Pedersen, Lars
name: Johnsen, Stine
name: Ulrik, Charlotte Suppli
name: Janner, Julie
name: Moberg, Mia
name: Heidemann, Maria
name: Weinreich, Ulla Møller
name: Vijdea, Roxana
name: Linde, Hans
name: Titlestad, Ingrid
name: Johansson, Sofie Lock
name: Rosenvinge, Flemming Schønning
name: Østergaard, Christian
name: Ghathian, Khaled Saoud Ali
name: Gundersen, Lise
name: Christensen, Christina Wellendorph
name: Bangsborg, Jette
name: Jensen, Torben Tranborg
name: Sørensen, Vibeke Muff
name: Ellingsgaard, Thilde
name: Datcu, Raluca
name: Coia, John Eugenio
name: Bodtger, Uffe
name: Jensen, Jens Ulrik Stæhr
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 2.
A Multi-Compartment, Single and Multiple Dose Pharmacokinetic Study of the Vaginal Candidate Microbicide 1% Tenofovir Gel
Creators: name: Rountree, Wes
name: Creinin, Mitchell D.
name: Brache, Vivian
name: Poindexter, Alfred
name: Kearney, Brian P.
name: Schwartz, Jill L.
name: Kashuba, Angela D. M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: BackgroundTenofovir (TFV) gel is being evaluated as a microbicide with pericoital and daily regimens. To inhibit viral replication locally, an adequate concentration in the genital tract is critical.Methods and FindingsForty-nine participants entered a two-phase study: single-dose (SD) and multi-dose (MD), were randomized to collection of genital tract samples (endocervical cells [ECC], cervicovaginal aspirate and vaginal biopsies) at one of seven time points [0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, or 24 hr(s)] post-dose following SD exposure of 4 mL 1% TFV gel and received a single dose. Forty-seven were randomized to once (QD) or twice daily (BID) dosing for 2 weeks and to collection of genital tract samples at 4, 8 or 24 hrs after the final dose, but two discontinued prior to gel application. Blood was collected during both phases at the seven times post-dose. TFV exposure was low in blood plasma for SD and MD; median Cmax was 4.0 and 3.4 ng/mL, respectively (C≤29 ng/mL). TFV concentrations were high in aspirates and tissue after SD and MD, ranging from 1.2×104 to 9.9×106 ng/mL and 2.1×102 to 1.4×106 ng/mL, respectively, and did not noticeably differ between proximal and distal tissue. TFV diphosphate (TFV-DP), the intracellular active metabolite, was high in ECC, ranging from 7.1×103 to 8.8×106 ng/mL. TFV-DP was detectable in approximately 40% of the tissue samples, ranging from 1.8×102 to 3.5×104 ng/mL. AUC for tissue TFV-DP was two logs higher after MD compared to SD, with no noticeable differences when comparing QD and BID.ConclusionsSingle-dose and multiple-dose TFV gel exposure resulted in high genital tract concentrations for at least 24 hours post-dose with minimal systemic absorption. These results support further study of TFV gel for HIV prevention.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT00561496
Periodique 144
Creators: name: Brule Ville Associes
name: Match, Paris
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2019

description: French morale(2); vote in March 1986/legislative elections vote intent(2); rating of Mitterand/Chirac(3); right/left collaboration(4); Mitterand(3); ratings of various governmental ministers(7).
Gravastar Shadows
Creators: name: Sakai, Nobuyuki
name: Saida, Hiromi
name: Tamaki, Takashi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Direct observation of black holes is one of the grand challenges in astronomy. If there are super-compact objects which possess unstable circular orbits of photons, however, it may be difficult to distinguish them from black holes by observing photons. As a model of super-compact objects, we consider a gravastar (gravitational-vacuum-star) which was originally proposed by Mazur and Mottola. For definiteness, we adopt a spherical thin-shell model of a gravastar developed by Visser and Wiltshire, which connects interior de-Sitter geometry and exterior Schwarzschild geometry. We find that unstable circular orbits of photons can appear around the gravastar. Then, we investigate the optical images of the gravastar possessing unstable circular orbits, with assuming the optically transparent surface of it and two types of optical sources behind the gravastar: (i) an infinite optical plane and (ii) a companion star. The main feature of the image of (i) is that a bright disk and a dark thick ring surrounding the disk appear in the center of the region which would be completely dark if the compact object was not the gravastar but Schwarzschild black hole. Also in the case (ii), a small disk and arcs around the disk appear in the region which would be completely dark for the lensing image by Schwarzschild black hole. Because characteristic images appear inside the gravastar in both cases, we could tell the difference between a black hole and a gravastar with high-resolution VLBI observations near future.
description: 9 pages, 11 figures