cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Multidisciplinary Hydraulic Fracture Evaluation in the Mesaverde Group of the Piceance Basin, Colorado
Creators: name: Malayalam, Atif Mohammed
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2008
Subjects: Hydraulic fracture
Piceance basin

description: The rising gas prices and the associated profit margins have driven a plethora of independent operators and even the majors now to exploit the tight gas reserves in the Piceance Basin which were once thought of as uneconomic. Every well drilled has to be hydraulically fractured to unlock the gas reserves and the cost of fracturing these wells nears the cost of the well itself. Thus efficient and economic hydraulic fracturing is the key for success in the Piceance Basin. The focus of this thesis is too look at three such operators in the Piceance basin (hence forth known as Company A, B and C) located in Northwestern Colorado and determine how effective they are in optimizing their hydraulic fracturing treatments. A substantial part of this thesis has focused on production and hydraulic fracturing data analysis, well economics and geostatistical analysis. An in depth analysis of Operator A’s wells was performed, estimating effective hydraulic fracture half lengths from production data and using a commercial 3-dimensional fracture simulator. Previous work showed better recovery from wells treated with slick versus gel however, on average, wells treated with slickwater have 1.6 times greater perforated thickness. To better evaluate completion method, we examined production per perforated ft, and with this criterion, wells treated with gel perform on average 2 times better.
Brillouin Klein Bottle From Artificial Gauge Fields
Creators: name: Chen, Z. Y.
name: Yang, Shengyuan A.
name: Zhao, Y. X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A Brillouin zone is the unit for the momentum space of a crystal. It is topologically a torus, and distinguishing whether a set of wave functions over the Brillouin torus can be smoothly deformed to another leads to the classification of various topological states of matter. Here, we show that under $\mathbb{Z}_2$ gauge fields, i.e., hopping amplitudes with phases $\pm 1$, the fundamental domain of momentum space can assume the topology of a Klein bottle. This drastic change of the Brillouin zone theory is due to the projective symmetry algebra enforced by the gauge field. Remarkably, the non-orientability of the Brillouin Klein bottle corresponds to the topological classification by a $\mathbb{Z}_2$ invariant, in contrast to the Chern number valued in $\mathbb{Z}$ for the usual Brillouin torus. The result is a novel Klein-bottle insulator featuring topological modes at two edges related by a nonlocal twist, radically distinct from all previous topological insulators. Our prediction can be readily achieved in various artificial crystals, and the discovery opens a new direction to explore topological physics by gauge-field-modified fundamental structures of physics.
Classification of Hydrocarbon Recovery Factor Based on Reservoir Databases
Creators: name: Sharma, Aviral
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2008
Subjects: Reservoir database
Data analysis

description: In this thesis data analyses of the oil and gas reservoir data sets have been performed to come up with deterministic and probabilistic values of ultimate recovery factor for both oil and gas reservoirs. This could be of interest for exploration because the amount of knowledge regarding a newly discovered reservoir is limited and it would be helpful to know some proxy value of recovery factor that could be a guide during later flow simulations. This would also be helpful in projecting the possible revenues that could be generated from the reservoirs. The deterministic models are based on multivariate linear regression. The probability models include the calibration of the likelihood of recovery factor using naïve Bayesian classification. For the oil reservoirs, classification accuracies of the recovery factor were compared using the geological and engineering parameters. For the gas reservoirs, the Bayesian classifier model was implemented by fitting a multivariate Gaussian distribution to the predicting variables.The linear regression model performed well compared to the empirical correlations given by Arps et al. (1967) and Guthrie et al. (1995). In gas reservoirs, good prediction was achieved by using the recovery instead of recovery factor as a response function in the regression. The likelihood functions of the recovery factor for both gas and oil reservoirs are multimodal and non-Gaussian. For the oil reservoirs, both geological and engineering parameters played important role for the prediction of recovery factor, which eventually lead to the conclusion that the engineering and geological parameters are not independent.
Supplementary S1 from Evidence of attack deflection suggests adaptive evolution of wing tails in butterflies
Creators: name: Chotard, Ariane
name: Ledamoisel, Joséphine
name: Decamps, Thierry
name: Herrel, Anthony
name: Chaine, Alexis
name: Llaurens, Violaine
name: Debat, Vincent
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: Predation is a powerful selective force shaping many behavioural and morphological traits in prey species. The deflection of predator attacks from vital parts of the prey usually involves the coordinated evolution of prey body shape and colour. Here, we test the deflection effect of hindwing (HW) tails in the swallowtail butterfly Iphiclides podalirius. In this species, HWs display long tails associated with a conspicuous colour pattern. By surveying the wings within a wild population of I. podalirius, we observed that wing damage was much more frequent on the tails. We then used a standardized behavioural assay employing dummy butterflies with real I. podalirius wings to study the location of attacks by great tits Parus major. Wing tails and conspicuous coloration of the HWs were struck more often than the rest of the body by birds. Finally, we characterized the mechanical properties of fresh wings and found that the tail vein was more fragile than the others, suggesting facilitated escape ability of butterflies attacked at this location. Our results clearly support the deflective effect of HW tails and suggest that predation is an important selective driver of the evolution of wing tails and colour pattern in butterflies.
A blood spot method for detecting fumonisin-induced changes in putative sphingolipid biomarkers in LM/Bc mice and humans
Creators: name: Riley, Ronald T.
name: Jency L. Showker
name: Lee, Christine M.
name: Zipperer, Cody E.
name: Mitchell, Trevor R.
name: Voss, Kenneth A.
name: Zitomer, Nicholas C.
name: Torres, Olga
name: Matute, Jorge
name: Gregory, Simon G.
name: Ashley-Koch, Allison E.
name: Maddox, Joyce R.
name: Gardner, Nicole
name: Janee B. Gelineau-Van Waes
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Hematology
subject: Cancer
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Chemistry
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Physiology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biochemistry

description: Fumonisins (FB) are mycotoxins found in maize. They are hypothesised risk factors for neural tube defects (NTDs) in humans living where maize is a dietary staple. In LM/Bc mice, FB1-treatment of pregnant dams induces NTDs and results in increased levels of sphingoid base 1-phosphates in blood and tissues. The increased level of sphingoid base 1-phosphates in blood is a putative biomarker for FB1 inhibition of ceramide synthase in humans. Collection of blood spots on paper from finger sticks is a relatively non-invasive way to obtain blood for biomarker analysis. The objective of this study was to develop and validate in an animal model, and ultimately in humans, a method to estimate the volume of blood collected as blood spots on absorbent paper so as to allow quantification of the molar concentration of sphingoid base 1-phosphates in blood. To accomplish this objective, blood was collected from unexposed male LM/Bc and FB1-exposed pregnant LM/Bc mice and humans and applied to two types of absorbent paper. The sphingoid base 1-phosphates, absorbance at 270 nm (A270), and total protein content (Bradford) were determined in the acetonitrile:water 5% formic acid extracts from the dried blood spots. The results show that in both mouse and human the A270, total protein, and blood volume were closely correlated and the volume of blood spotted was accurately estimated using only the A270 of the extracts. In mouse blood spots, as in tissues and embryos, the FB1-induced changes in sphingolipids were correlated with urinary FB1. The half-life of FB1 in the urine was short (<24 h) and the elevation in sphingoid base 1-phosphates in blood was also short, although more persistent than the urinary FB1.
Supplementary S4 from Evidence of attack deflection suggests adaptive evolution of wing tails in butterflies
Creators: name: Chotard, Ariane
name: Ledamoisel, Joséphine
name: Decamps, Thierry
name: Herrel, Anthony
name: Chaine, Alexis
name: Llaurens, Violaine
name: Debat, Vincent
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: Predation is a powerful selective force shaping many behavioural and morphological traits in prey species. The deflection of predator attacks from vital parts of the prey usually involves the coordinated evolution of prey body shape and colour. Here, we test the deflection effect of hindwing (HW) tails in the swallowtail butterfly Iphiclides podalirius. In this species, HWs display long tails associated with a conspicuous colour pattern. By surveying the wings within a wild population of I. podalirius, we observed that wing damage was much more frequent on the tails. We then used a standardized behavioural assay employing dummy butterflies with real I. podalirius wings to study the location of attacks by great tits Parus major. Wing tails and conspicuous coloration of the HWs were struck more often than the rest of the body by birds. Finally, we characterized the mechanical properties of fresh wings and found that the tail vein was more fragile than the others, suggesting facilitated escape ability of butterflies attacked at this location. Our results clearly support the deflective effect of HW tails and suggest that predation is an important selective driver of the evolution of wing tails and colour pattern in butterflies.
Two new eunicellin diterpenoids from the South China Sea gorgonian Muricella sibogae and their bioactivities
Creators: name: Zhang, Xing-Wang
name: Xu-Li Tang
name: Yuan, Hong-Rui
name: Feng, Dan-Qing
name: Su, Pei
name: Li, Ping-Lin
name: Li, Guo-Qiang
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: A systematic re-study on gorgonian Muricella sibogae from South China Sea yielded 10 eunicellin-based diterpenoids including two new ones, sibogins C and D (1 and 2). Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analyses (1D and 2D NMR, IR and MS) and by comparison with data reported in literatures. All the isolates were tested for cytotoxic and antifouling activities. Compounds 3 and 5 showed significant antifouling activity against the green mussel Perna viridis, and especially 3 was suggested as a potent low-toxic antifouling agent with a large LC50/EC50 value of 18.6. This was the first report on the antifouling activity of the eunicellin-type diterpenoids against the green mussel.
Hydrogen bonded co-crystallised layered isopropanol-pyrogallol[4]arenes
Creators: name: Pansuriya, Pramod B.
name: Bala, Muhammad D.
name: Friedrich, Holger B.
name: Maguire, Glenn E.M.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cancer
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemistry
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Biophysics

description: A novel isopropanol-pyrogallol[4]arene forms a layered structure via hydrogen bonding and C–H…π interactions. The layered structure results in encapsulation of one isopropanol molecule. The application of NMR methods to determine solution structures and crystal structures provides insight into host–guest properties and the molecular interactions between them.
Localized Functional Principal Component Analysis
Creators: name: Kehui Chen
name: Lei, Jing
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cancer
subject: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Information and Computing Sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology

description: We propose localized functional principal component analysis (LFPCA), looking for orthogonal basis functions with localized support regions that explain most of the variability of a random process. The LFPCA is formulated as a convex optimization problem through a novel deflated Fantope localization method and is implemented through an efficient algorithm to obtain the global optimum. We prove that the proposed LFPCA converges to the original functional principal component analysis (FPCA) when the tuning parameters are chosen appropriately. Simulation shows that the proposed LFPCA with tuning parameters chosen by cross-validation can almost perfectly recover the true eigenfunctions and significantly improve the estimation accuracy when the eigenfunctions are truly supported on some subdomains. In the scenario that the original eigenfunctions are not localized, the proposed LFPCA also serves as a nice tool in finding orthogonal basis functions that balance between interpretability and the capability of explaining variability of the data. The analyses of a country mortality data reveal interesting features that cannot be found by standard FPCA methods. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.
PDH45 overexpressing transgenic tobacco and rice plants provide salinity stress tolerance via less sodium accumulation
Creators: name: Nath, Manoj
name: Garg, Bharti
name: Sahoo, Ranjan Kumar
name: Narendra Tuteja
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Chemistry
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Medicine

description: Salinity stress negatively affects the crop productivity worldwide, including that of rice. Coping with these losses is a major concern for all countries. The pea DNA helicase, PDH45 is a unique member of helicase family involved in the salinity stress tolerance. However, the exact mechanism of the PDH45 in salinity stress tolerance is yet to be established. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the mechanism of PDH45-mediated salinity stress tolerance in transgenic tobacco and rice lines along with wild type (WT) plants using CoroNa Green dye based sodium localization in root and shoot sections. The results showed that under salinity stress root and shoot of PDH45 overexpressing transgenic tobacco and rice accumulated less sodium (Na+) as compared to their respective WT. The present study also reports salinity tolerant (FL478) and salinity susceptible (Pusa-44) varieties of rice accumulated lowest and highest Na+ level, respectively. All the varieties and transgenic lines of rice accumulate differential Na+ ions in root and shoot. However, roots accumulate high Na+ as compared to the shoots in both tobacco and rice transgenic lines suggesting that the Na+ transport in shoot is somehow inhibited. It is proposed that the PDH45 is probably involved in the deposition of apoplastic hydrophobic barriers and consequently inhibit Na+ transport to shoot and therefore confers salinity stress tolerance to PDH45 overexpressing transgenic lines. This study concludes that tobacco (dicot) and rice (monocot) transgenic plants probably share common salinity tolerance mechanism mediated by PDH45 gene.
A blood spot method for detecting fumonisin-induced changes in putative sphingolipid biomarkers in LM/Bc mice and humans
Creators: name: Riley, Ronald T.
name: Jency L. Showker
name: Lee, Christine M.
name: Zipperer, Cody E.
name: Mitchell, Trevor R.
name: Voss, Kenneth A.
name: Zitomer, Nicholas C.
name: Torres, Olga
name: Matute, Jorge
name: Gregory, Simon G.
name: Ashley-Koch, Allison E.
name: Maddox, Joyce R.
name: Gardner, Nicole
name: Janee B. Gelineau-Van Waes
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Hematology
subject: Cancer
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Chemistry
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Physiology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biochemistry

description: Fumonisins (FB) are mycotoxins found in maize. They are hypothesized risk factors for neural tube defects (NTDs) in humans living where maize is a dietary staple. In LM/Bc mice, FB1-treatment of pregnant dams induces NTDs and results in increased levels of sphingoid base 1-phosphates in blood and tissues. The increased level of sphingoid base 1-phosphates in blood is a putative biomarker for FB1 inhibition of ceramide synthase in humans. Collection of blood spots on paper from finger sticks is a relatively non-invasive way to obtain blood for biomarker analysis. The objective of this study was to develop and validate in an animal model, and ultimately in humans, a method to estimate the volume of blood collected as blood spots on absorbent paper so as to allow quantification of the molar concentration of sphingoid base 1-phosphates in blood. To accomplish this objective, blood was collected from unexposed male LM/Bc and FB1 -exposed pregnant LM/Bc mice and humans and applied to two types of absorbent paper. The sphingoid base 1-phosphates, absorbance at 270 nm (A270), and total protein content (Bradford) were determined in the acetonitrile: water 5% formic acid extracts from the dried blood spots. The results show that in both mouse and human the A270, total protein, and blood volume were closely correlated and the volume of blood spotted was accurately estimated using only the A270 of the extracts. In mouse blood spots, as in tissues and embryos, the FB1-induced changes in sphingolipids were correlated with urinary FB1. The half-life of FB1 in the urine was short (<24 h) and the elevation in sphingoid base 1-phosphates in blood was also short although more persistent than the urinary FB1.
Smart instrumentation for robotic sewing and suturing
Creators: name: Hu, Yang
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2018

description: The field of minimally invasive surgery (MIS) is continuously changing with the advancement of surgical instrumentation. To pursue further minimisation of skin incision and access trauma, the MIS procedures are evolving from multi-port laparoscopic surgery to single-incision laparoscopic surgery (SILS) and even to scarless natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (NOTES). These new surgical procedures require the surgical instruments, either rigid or flexible, operating in an anatomical area that is not directly aligned with the access site. Significant problems are raised in these procedures, such as reduced dexterity, inadequate instrument triangulation and counterintuitive hand-eye coordination. Suturing -a fundamental surgical technique for wound closure using stitches made by needles and threads - becomes very problematic in these new surgical procedures. In recent decades, one of the most astounding examples of bringing technology into clinical practice is the adoption of robotic surgical systems in MIS. This research aims to investigate the use of robotic techniques to extend the usability of suturing, boost suturing performance and eventually push the field towards autonomous suturing in medical and surgical applications. To avoid complex needle manipulation and facilitate knot tying in MIS, two types of smart and miniaturised suturing instruments have been developed. The rigid suturing instrument has demonstrated its efficacy for fast and reliable tacking stitches in the personalised stent graft sewing task, while the flexible suturing instrument makes it possible for suturing and knot tying in single-port transanal endoscopic microsurgery. In addition to developing these suturing instruments, the author has proposed and given the method of 3using metal printing to monolithically produce the flexible joints - 3D compliant mechanisms - for various surgical instruments, for example, the flexible suturing device and the S-bending flexible endoscope for single-port surgery. Besides needle manipulation, thread manipulation is another crucial aspect in robotic suturing. Towards automated thread manipulation, a deep-learning based method has been proposed for parsing the structural information of a thread in the suturing task. Finally, a fully automated suturing system integrating the rigid suturing instrument, a dual arm industrial robot, RGBD vision and force sensing has been demonstrated for stent graft manufacturing. The central part of the thesis is laid in developing smart instrumentation for robotic sewing and suturing. However, the methods discovered, and the mechanisms invented during the developing process also provide valuable insight into developing various future surgical instruments.
Localized Functional Principal Component Analysis
Creators: name: Kehui Chen
name: Lei, Jing
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cancer
subject: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Information and Computing Sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology

description: We propose localized functional principal component analysis (LFPCA), looking for orthogonal basis functions with localized support regions that explain most of the variability of a random process. The LFPCA is formulated as a convex optimization problem through a novel Deflated Fantope Localization method and is implemented through an efficient algorithm to obtain the global optimum. We prove that the proposed LFPCA converges to the original FPCA when the tuning parameters are chosen appropriately. Simulation shows that the proposed LFPCA with tuning parameters chosen by cross validation can almost perfectly recover the true eigenfunctions and significantly improve the estimation accuracy when the eigenfunctions are truly supported on some subdomains. In the scenario that the original eigenfunctions are not localized, the proposed LFPCA also serves as a nice tool in finding orthogonal basis functions that balance between interpretability and the capability of explaining variability of the data. The analyses of a country mortality data reveal interesting features that cannot be found by standard FPCA methods.
AI Chatbot Incubator Project: Closure Report
Creators: name: Wolski, Marcin
name: Marović, Branko
name: Łabędzki, Maciej
name: Kiril, Kjiroski
name: Rochowiak, Marcin
name: Mayerl, Dom
name: Golub, Ivana
Publisher: name: GÉANT
Year: 2024
Subjects: AI
Chatbot
AI Chatbot
Online Learning Platform
eAcademy

description: The project focuses on developing an AI chatbot for the GÉANT Network Automation eAcademy, part of its online learning platform. The goal is to enhance the learning experience by providing a digital assistant capable of conducting natural and engaging user interactions. Running from June to December 2024, the six-month initiative successfully developed and integrated the chatbot into the eAcademy platform. The AI chatbot leverages advanced AI technologies to deliver personalised, interactive support, transforming how users engage with the platform.
Large-scale Volcanism and the Heat Death of Terrestrial Worlds
Creators: name: Way, M. J.
name: Ernst, Richard E.
name: Scargle, Jeffrey D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Large-scale volcanism has played a critical role in the long-term habitability of Earth. Contrary to widely held belief, volcanism, rather than impactors, has had the greatest influence on and bears most of the responsibility for large-scale mass extinction events throughout Earth's history. We examine the timing of large igneous provinces (LIPs) throughout Earth's history to estimate the likelihood of nearly simultaneous events that could drive a planet into an extreme moist or runaway greenhouse, leading to the end of volatile cycling and causing the heat death of formerly temperate terrestrial worlds. In one approach, we make a conservative estimate of the rate at which sets of near-simultaneous LIPs (pairs, triplets, and quartets) occur in a random history statistically the same as Earth's. We find that LIPs closer in time than 0.1-1 million yr are likely; significantly, this is less than the time over which terrestrial LIP environmental effects are known to persist. In another approach, we assess the cumulative effects with simulated time series consisting of randomly occurring LIP events with realistic time profiles. Both approaches support the conjecture that environmental impacts of LIPs, while narrowly avoiding grave effects on the climate history of Earth, could have been responsible for the heat death of our sister world Venus.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures, published in The Planetary Science Journal
Identification of MMP-1 and MMP-9 inhibitors from the roots of Eleutherococcus divaricatus, and the PAMPA test
Creators: name: Załuski, Daniel
name: Ewaryst Mendyk
name: Smolarz, Helena D.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Hematology
subject: Cancer
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Chemistry
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Biophysics

description: The purpose of this study was the isolation of metalloproteinases MMP-1 and MMP-9 inhibitors from the chloroform extract of the Eleutherococcus divaricatus roots. Using GC-MS, 1H and 13C NMR, HMQC, HMBC, COSY and DEPT, (+)-sesamin has been identified as a new anti-MMP inhibitor. We report for the first time that (+)-sesamin inhibited MMP-1 and MMP-9 activity in 40% and 17%, respectively. The high inhibitory potential has been shown by ursolic acid (90.9% and 89.8% for MMP-1 and MMP-9). In the PAMPA test, the Pe value for sesamin was established as 17.4 × 10− 6 cm/s, that for ursolic acid as 30.0 × 10− 6 cm/s. Verapamil and theophylline were used as a positive and negative control (Pe 42.1 and 2.9 × 10− 6 cm/s). To our best knowledge, no information was available on this activity of sesamin and other compounds. These studies provide a biochemical basis for the regulation of MMP-1 and MMP-9 by E.divaricatus compounds.
Aluminum, gallium and indium thiobenzoates: synthesis, characterization and crystal structures
Creators: name: Jaśkowska, Eliza
name: Łukasz Dobrzycki
name: Rzepiński, Patryk
name: Ziemkowska, Wanda
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Chemistry
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biochemistry

description: Compounds R2M[S(O)CPh] [where R = tBu, M = Al (1); R = tBu, M = Ga (2); R = Me, M = Ga (3)] have been synthesized in reactions of R3M with thiobenzoic acid in a 1:1 molar ratio of reagents. The reaction of Me3Ga with three equivalents of thiobenzoic acid yielded the compound Ga[S(O)CPh]3 (4), in which thiobenzoate moieties act as bidentate SO ligands. In the presence of Et3N, InCl3 reacted with thiobenzoic acid with formation of an ionic compound {In[S(O)CPh]4}−(HNEt3)+ (5). The thiobenzoate ligands are bonded with the metallic center via the sulfur atoms only. The compounds 4 and 5 have been structurally and thermally studied. The thermal decomposition pathways of compounds 4 and 5 are proposed.
Computer Calculations versus Field Measurements for Tunnel Lighting Design
Creators: name: Kwong, Chris
name: Li, Thomas K.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Hematology
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Chemistry
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Physiology

description: ABSTRACTThe purpose of this article is to discuss the differences between the design (calculated) and field-measured luminance of a recent tunnel lighting project. Field-measured illuminance values agreed reasonably well with the design (calculated) values. However, the field-measured luminance values, which are based on the reflected light from surfaces, did not concur with the design (calculated) values.A roadway’s reflective characteristics are defined by its physical surface properties. Sufficient data have been collected on the reflective characteristics of different pavement types to allow them to be described by reflectance tables or “R” tables. Investigation and calculations for the tunnel lighting design were performed using the average luminance coefficient (Q0) from the roadway lighting standard RP-8-00 [ANSI/IES 2000], R-tables, and the Memphis (a mobile gonio-reflectometer) field measurements. An empirical factor was developed to account for the differences in the design and measured luminance results.Although established standard parameters are helpful to start a tunnel lighting design calculation, it is important to note that not all design parameters associated with new construction are appropriate. Some tunnel lighting systems are rehabilitated without new roadway paving and/or without newly painted walls and ceiling. Using an established standard R-table may be economical but may produce inaccurate results. Therefore, various factors must be taken into account based on existing conditions of the tunnel proper.Based on the findings from this project, it is critical to use the actual roadway and surface reflectance measurements within the tunnels to obtain meaningful computer calculations for tunnel rehabilitation projects; otherwise, the results can be substantially inaccurate and result in a design that does not satisfy the design criteria and/or industry standards.
Measurement uncertainty and unicity of single number quantities describing the spatial decay of speech level in open-plan offices
Creators: name: Lenne, Lucas
name: Chevret, Patrick
name: Parizet, Étienne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: The ISO 3382-3 standard (2012) defines single number quantities (SNQs) which evaluate the acoustic quality of open-plan offices, but does not address the issue of measurement uncertainties. This study focusses on the SNQs present in this standard related to spatial decay of speech, i.e. D 2S , L pAS4m and r c. The aim is to provide additional information to the limited literature on the measurement uncertainties of these SNQs by use of both analytical developments and a stochastic approach based on simulations. The accuracy of the analytical developments was studied thanks to simulations of the sound propagation within a series of offices (1 layout, 16 acoustic configurations with different screen heights and different acoustic qualities of screens and ceiling). The SNQs obtained in the simulations cover a wide range: D 2S between 3.4 and 7.5 dB(A), L pAS4m between 40.6 and 51.9 dB(A) and r c between 2.5 and 14.7 m. Therefore, the simulations are representative of a broad set of acoustic qualities. Estimated uncertainties have a magnitude of 0.4 dB(A) for D 2S and vary between 0.4 and 0.7 dB(A) for L pAS4m and between 0.2 and 1.5 m for r c over a measurement path comprising 7 measurement positions. The simulations also raise the question of describing the acoustic quality of an office using a single value for the indicators. The results of the simulations show that in some cases, D 2S values significantly depend on the measurement path, leading to a strong increase of its measurement uncertainty if a unique value is to be considered.
Fast and efficient green synthesis of thiosulfonate S-esters by microwave-supported permanganate oxidation of symmetrical disulfides
Creators: name: Le, Thach Ngoc
name: Luu, Thi Xuan Thi
name: Thao-Tran Thi Nguyen
name: Spanget-Larsen, Jens
name: Duus, Fritz
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Chemistry
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Microbiology
subject: Biochemistry

description: Potassium permanganate absorbed on copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate has been found to be an efficient, inexpensive, and green oxidation agent for the synthesis of “symmetrical” thiosulfonate S-esters by oxidation of the corresponding symmetrical disulfides. The oxidation reactions were carried out under solvent-free reaction conditions within 15 min under the influence of microwave irradiation, as well as (for comparison) supported by conventional heating, to afford yields of the thiosulfonate S-esters in the range of 60–83%. The oxidation reaction appears to proceed (at least partly) via an intermediate symmetrical vic-disulfoxide.
Absolute continuity of the limiting eigenvalue distribution of the random Toeplitz matrix
Creators: name: Sen, Arnab
name: Virág, Bálint
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60B20, 35P20

description: We show that the limiting eigenvalue distribution of random symmetric Toeplitz matrices is absolutely continuous with density bounded by 8, partially answering a question of Bryc, Dembo and Jiang (2006). The main tool used in the proof is a spectral averaging technique from the theory of random Schrödinger operators. The similar question for Hankel matrices remains open.
description: 7 pages
Towards quantitative small-scale thermal imaging
Creators: name: McMillan, Jamie
name: Whittam, Aaron
name: Rokosz, Maciej
name: Simpson, Rob
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantitative thermal imaging has the potential of reliable temperature measurement across an entire field-of-view. This non-invasive technique has applications in aerospace, manufacturing and process control. However, robust temperature measurement on the sub-millimetre (30 μm) length scale has yet to be demonstrated. Here, the temperature performance and size-of-source (source size) effect of a 3 μm to 5 μm thermal imaging system have been assessed. In addition a technique of quantifying thermal imager non-uniformity is described. An uncertainty budget is constructed, which describes a measurement uncertainty of 640 mK (k = 2) for a target with a size of 10 mm. The results of this study provide a foundation for developing the capability for confident quantitative sub-millimetre thermal imaging.
Towards Stability Analysis of Data Transport Mechanisms: a Fluid Model and an Application
Creators: name: Vardoyan, Gayane
name: Hollot, C. V.
name: Towsley, Don
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) utilizes congestion avoidance and control mechanisms as a preventive measure against congestive collapse and as an adaptive measure in the presence of changing network conditions. The set of available congestion control algorithms is diverse, and while many have been studied from empirical and simulation perspectives, there is a notable lack of analytical work for some variants. To gain more insight into the dynamics of these algorithms, we: (1) propose a general modeling scheme consisting of a set of functional differential equations of retarded type (RFDEs) and of the congestion window as a function of time; (2) apply this scheme to TCP Reno and demonstrate its equivalence to a previous, well known model for TCP Reno; (3) show an application of the new framework to the widely-deployed congestion control algorithm TCP CUBIC, for which analytical models are few and limited; and (4) validate the model using simulations. Our modeling framework yields a fluid model for TCP CUBIC. From a theoretical analysis of this model, we discover that TCP CUBIC is locally uniformly asymptotically stable -- a property of the algorithm previously unknown.
description: IEEE INFOCOM 2018
Hematological and Hepatic Alterations in Brazilian Population Heavily Exposed to Organochlorine Pesticides
Creators: name: Koifman, Sergio
name: Freire, Carmen
name: Koifman, Rosalina Jorge
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Science Policy
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemistry
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Biotechnology

description: The aim of this study was to investigate the frequency of hematological and hepatic alterations and possible association with serum levels of beta-hexachlorocyclohexane (beta-HCH), p,p′-DDE, and hexachlorobenzene (HCB) among residents in an area heavily contaminated with organochlorine (OC) pesticides. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 415 male and 432 female residents aged >14 years. Serum samples were collected and analyzed for OC pesticides concentrations and biochemical parameters. Frequencies of hematological and hepatic alterations were calculated for each gender. Association between beta-HCH, p,p′-DDE (1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl) ethylene), and HCB levels and presence of alterations was determined by logistic regression stratified by gender and controlling for confounders. Highest frequencies were observed for eosinophilia (23% men and 18% women), low hemoglobin (12% men and 15% women), and low erythrocyte count (12% men). High levels of bilirubin, glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT), and glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (GPT) were observed, respectively, in 10, 11, and 12% of men and <10% of women. Gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) was elevated in 26 and 25% of males and females, respectively. Multivariate analysis revealed associations between eosinophilia and beta-HCH in men (OR = 1.06, 95%CI = 1.01–1.12) and women (OR = 1.05, 96%CI = 0.99–1.11), p,p′-DDE in men (OR = 1.03, 95%CI = 0.99–1.06) and women (OR = 1.02, 95%CI = 0.99–1.06), and HCB in women (OR = 1.54, 95%IC = 0.85–4.45). Beta-HCH was found to be associated with increased risk of elevated bilirubin in females (OR = 1.18, 95%CI = 1.07–1.29) and males (OR = 4.21, 95%CI = 1.87–9.47 for fourth vs. first quintile). Thus, OC pesticides may exert adverse effects on hematopoietic tissue and liver in populations chronically exposed to high levels of these compounds.
A fractional spline collocation-Galerkin method for the time-fractional diffusion equation
Creators: name: Pezza, Laura
name: Pitolli, Francesca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The aim of this paper is to numerically solve a diffusion differential problem having time derivative of fractional order. To this end we propose a collocation-Galerkin method that uses the fractional splines as approximating functions. The main advantage is in that the derivatives of integer and fractional order of the fractional splines can be expressed in a closed form that involves just the generalized finite difference operator. This allows us to construct an accurate and efficient numerical method. Several numerical tests showing the effectiveness of the proposed method are presented.
description: 15 pages
Positively curved Riemannian orbifolds and Alexandrov spaces with circle symmetry in dimension 4
Creators: name: Harvey, John
name: Searle, Catherine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C23 (Primary), 51K10, 53C20, 57R18 (Secondary)

description: We classify positively curved Alexandrov spaces of dimension 4 with an isometric circle action up to equivariant homeomorphism, subject to a certain additional condition on the infinitesimal geometry near fixed points which we conjecture is always satisfied. As a corollary, we also classify positively curved Riemannian orbifolds of dimension 4 with an isometric circle action.
description: 42 pages, 7 figures. In v2 there is some improvement to the exposition and a closer focus on the application to orbifolds. To be published in Documenta Mathematica
String diagrams and categorification
Creators: name: Savage, Alistair
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 18D10

description: These are lectures notes for a mini-course given at the conference Interactions of Quantum Affine Algebras with Cluster Algebras, Current Algebras, and Categorification in June 2018. The goal is to introduce the reader to string diagram techniques for monoidal categories, with an emphasis on their role in categorification.
description: 23 pages. v2: Corrected typos, added some material to Section 5
Pseudodoping of Metallic Two-Dimensional Materials by The Supporting Substrates
Creators: name: Shao, Bin
name: Eich, Andreas
name: Sanders, Charlotte
name: Ngankeu, Arlette S.
name: Bianchi, Marco
name: Hofmann, Philip
name: Khajetoorians, Alexander A.
name: Wehling, Tim O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate how hybridization between a two-dimensional material and its substrate can lead to an apparent heavy doping, using the example of monolayer TaS$_2$ grown on Au(111). Combining $\textit{ab-initio}$ calculations, scanning tunneling spectroscopy experiments and a generic model, we show that strong changes in Fermi areas can arise with much smaller actual charge transfer. This mechanism, which we refer to as pseudodoping, is a generic effect for metallic two-dimensional materials which are either adsorbed to metallic substrates or embedded in vertical heterostructures. It explains the apparent heavy doping of TaS$_2$ on Au(111) observed in photoemission spectroscopy and spectroscopic signatures in scanning tunneling spectroscopy. Pseudodoping is associated with non-linear energy-dependent shifts of electronic spectra, which our scanning tunneling spectroscopy experiments reveal for clean and defective TaS$_2$ monolayer on Au(111). The influence of pseudodoping on the formation of charge ordered, magnetic, or superconducting states is analyzed.
description: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1609.00220
Thermometry of intermediate level waste containers using phosphor thermometry and thermal imaging
Creators: name: McMillan, J L
name: Greenen, A
name: Bond, W
name: Hayes, M
name: Simpson, R
name: Sutton, G
name: Machin, G
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Intermediate level waste containers are used for the storage of an assortment of radioactive waste. This waste is heat-generating and needs monitoring and so this work was undertaken to determine whether the mean internal container temperature can be inferred from the temperature of the vent. By using two independent thermometry techniques, phosphor thermometry and thermal imaging, the internal temperature was demonstrated to be proportional to the vent temperature as measured by both methods. The correlation is linear and given suitable characterisation could provide robust indication of the internal bulk temperature.
Efficient Two-Dimensional Line Spectrum Estimation Based on Decoupled Atomic Norm Minimization
Creators: name: Zhang, Zhe
name: Wang, Yue
name: Tian, Zhi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This paper presents an efficient optimization technique for gridless {2-D} line spectrum estimation, named decoupled atomic norm minimization (D-ANM). The framework of atomic norm minimization (ANM) is considered, which has been successfully applied in 1-D problems to allow super-resolution frequency estimation for correlated sources even when the number of snapshots is highly limited. The state-of-the-art 2-D ANM approach vectorizes the 2-D measurements to their 1-D equivalence, which incurs huge computational cost and may become too costly for practical applications. We develop a novel decoupled approach of 2-D ANM via semi-definite programming (SDP), which introduces a new matrix-form atom set to naturally decouple the joint observations in both dimensions without loss of optimality. Accordingly, the original large-scale 2-D problem is equivalently reformulated via two decoupled one-level Toeplitz matrices, which can be solved by simple 1-D frequency estimation with pairing. Compared with the conventional vectorized approach, the proposed D-ANM technique reduces the computational complexity by several orders of magnitude with respect to the problem size. It also retains the benefits of ANM in terms of precise signal recovery, small number of required measurements, and robustness to source correlation. The complexity benefits are particularly attractive for large-scale antenna systems such as massive MIMO, radar signal processing and radio astronomy.
Low-complexity optimization for Two-Dimensional Direction-of-arrival Estimation via Decoupled Atomic Norm Minimization
Creators: name: Tian, Zhi
name: Zhang, Zhe
name: Wang, Yue
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This paper presents an efficient optimization technique for super-resolution two-dimensional (2D) direction of arrival (DOA) estimation by introducing a new formulation of atomic norm minimization (ANM). ANM allows gridless angle estimation for correlated sources even when the number of snapshots is far less than the antenna size, yet it incurs huge computational cost in 2D processing. This paper introduces a novel formulation of ANM via semi-definite programming, which expresses the original high-dimensional problem by two decoupled Toeplitz matrices in one dimension, followed by 1D angle estimation with automatic angle pairing. Compared with the state-of-the-art 2D ANM, the proposed technique reduces the computational complexity by several orders of magnitude with respect to the antenna size, while retaining the benefits of ANM in terms of super-resolution performance with use of a small number of measurements, and robustness to source correlation and noise. The complexity benefits are particularly attractive for large-scale antenna systems such as massive MIMO and radio astronomy.