cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
First-principles study on various point defects formed by hydrogen and helium atoms in tungsten
Creators: name: Zhao, Qiang
name: Zhang, Zheng
name: Li, Yang
name: Ouyang, Xiao-Ping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The different point defects formed by two hydrogen atoms or two helium atoms in tungsten were investigated through first-principles calculation. The energetically favorable site for a hydrogen atom is tetrahedral interstitial site while substitutional site is the most preferred site for a helium atom. The formation energies of two hydrogen or helium atoms are determined by their positions, and there are not a multiple of a single atom's. After relaxation, two adjacent hydrogen atoms are away from each other while helium atoms are close to. The reasons for the interaction between two hydrogen or helium atoms are also discussed.
Cadmium tolerance and phytoremediation potential of acacia (Acacia nilotica L.) under salinity stress
Creators: name: Rahat Shabir
name: Abbas, Ghulam
name: Saqib, Muhammad
name: Shahid, Muhammad
name: Shah, Ghulam Mustafa
name: Akram, Muhammad
name: Niazi, Nabeel Khan
name: Naeem, Muhammad Asif
name: Hussain, Munawar
name: Ashraf, Farah
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: Hematology
subject: Plant Biology

description: In this study, we explored the effect of salinity on cadmium (Cd) tolerance and phytoremediation potential of Acacia nilotica. Two-month-old uniform plants of A. nilotica were grown in pots contaminated with various levels of Cd (0, 5, 10, and 15 mg kg−1), NaCl (0%, 0.5%, 1.0% (hereafter referred as salinity), and all possible combinations of Cd + salinity for a period of six months. Results showed that shoot and root growth, biomass, tissue water content and chlorophyll (chl a, chl b, and total chl a+b) contents decreased more in response to salinity and combination of Cd + salinity compared to Cd alone. Shoot and root K concentrations significantly decreased with increasing soil Cd levels, whereas Na and Cl concentrations were not affected significantly. Shoot and root Cd concentrations, bioconcentration factor (BCF) and translocation factor (TF) increased with increasing soil Cd and Cd + salinity levels. At low level of salinity (0.5%), shoot and root Cd uptake enhanced, while it decreased at high level of salinity (1.0%). Due to Cd tolerance, high shoot biomass and shoot Cd uptake, this tree species has some potential for phytoremediation of Cd from the metal contaminated saline and nonsaline soils.
VOCACIÓN ONTOLÓGICA DE CARLOS FERNÁNDEZ SESSAREGO.  APROXIMACIÓN AL ITINERARIO VITAL E INTELECTUAL DEL  MAESTRO SANMARQUINO
Creators: name: Carlos Alberto Urteaga Regal
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2007

description: Sumario: Introducción I. Estudios y formación sanmarquina II. Magisterio y vocación III. Estadía en Italia. Aporte civilista y jusfilosófico IV. Experiencia forense y política V. Aportes jusfilosóficos y jurídicos. Apuntes parciales V.1. La pregunta por el ser del Derecho. Itinerario de una investigación jusfilosófica V.2. Anticipación al planteamiento de Reale. Significado de la indagación de 1950 V.3. La pregunta sobre la persona. Relación con el Derecho.
Head-on collisions of boson stars
Creators: name: Palenzuela, C.
name: Olabarrieta, I.
name: Lehner, L.
name: Liebling, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study head-on collisions of boson stars in three dimensions. We consider evolutions of two boson stars which may differ in their phase or have opposite frequencies but are otherwise identical. Our studies show that these phase differences result in different late time behavior and gravitational wave output.
Quantum Vernam Cipher
Creators: name: Leung, D. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss aspects of secure quantum communication by proposing and analyzing a quantum analog of the Vernam cipher (one-time-pad). The quantum Vernam cipher uses entanglement as the key to encrypt quantum information sent through an insecure quantum channel. First, in sharp contrast with the classical Vernam cipher, the quantum key can be recycled securely. We show that key recycling is intrinsic to the quantum cipher-text, rather than using entanglement as the key. Second, the scheme detects and corrects for arbitrary transmission errors, and it does so using only local operations and classical communication (LOCC) between the sender and the receiver. The application to quantum message authentication is discussed. Quantum secret sharing schemes with similar properties are characterized. We also discuss two general issues, the relation between secret communication and secret sharing, the classification of secure communication protocols.
description: stronger security proof for recycling classical keys
Curvature and isocurvature perturbations in a three-fluid model of curvaton decay
Creators: name: Gupta, Sujata
name: Malik, Karim A.
name: Wands, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the evolution of the cosmological perturbations after inflation in curvaton models where the non-relativistic curvaton decays into both radiation and a cold dark matter component. We calculate the primordial curvature and correlated isocurvature perturbations inherited by the radiation and cold dark matter after the curvaton has decayed. We give the transfer coefficient in terms of the initial curvaton density relative to the curvaton decay rate.
description: 15 pages, 8 figures, latex with revtex; v2: comment added on spectral tilt, to appear in Phys. Rev. D
Statistical optimization of the phytoremediation of arsenic by Ludwigia octovalvis- in a pilot reed bed using response surface methodology (RSM) versus an artificial neural network (ANN)
Creators: name: Harmin Sulistiyaning Titah
name: Mohd Izuan Effendi Bin Halmi
name: Siti Rozaimah Sheikh Abdullah
name: Hassimi Abu Hasan
name: Mushrifah Idris
name: Nurina Anuar
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: In this study, the removal of arsenic (As) by plant, Ludwigia octovalvis, in a pilot reed bed was optimized. A Box-Behnken design was employed including a comparative analysis of both Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) for the prediction of maximum arsenic removal. The predicted optimum condition using the desirability function of both models was 39 mg kg−1 for the arsenic concentration in soil, an elapsed time of 42 days (the sampling day) and an aeration rate of 0.22 L/min, with the predicted values of arsenic removal by RSM and ANN being 72.6% and 71.4%, respectively. The validation of the predicted optimum point showed an actual arsenic removal of 70.6%. This was achieved with the deviation between the validation value and the predicted values being within 3.49% (RSM) and 1.87% (ANN). The performance evaluation of the RSM and ANN models showed that ANN performs better than RSM with a higher R2 (0.97) close to 1.0 and very small Average Absolute Deviation (AAD) (0.02) and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) (0.004) values close to zero. Both models were appropriate for the optimization of arsenic removal with ANN demonstrating significantly higher predictive and fitting ability than RSM.
Security of Quantum Key Distribution with Entangled Photons Against Individual Attacks
Creators: name: Waks, Edo
name: Zeevi, Assaf
name: Yamamoto, Yoshihisa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Security of the Ekert protocol is proven against individual attacks where an eavesdropper is allowed to share any density matrix with the two communicating parties. The density matrix spans all of the photon number states of both receivers, as well as a probe state of arbitrary dimensionality belonging to the eavesdropper. Using this general eavesdropping strategy, we show that the Shannon information on the final key, after error correction and privacy amplification, can be made exponentially small. This is done by finding a bound on the eavesdropper's average collision probability. We find that the average collision probability for the Ekert protocol is the same as that of the BB84 protocol for single photons, indicating that there is no analog in the Ekert protocol to photon splitting attacks. We then compare the communication rate of both protocols as a function of distance, and show that the Ekert protocol has potential for much longer communication distances, up to 170km, in the presence of realistic detector dark counts and channel loss. Finally, we propose a slightly more complicated scheme based on entanglement swapping that can lead to even longer distances of communication. The limiting factor in this new scheme is the fiber loss, which imposes very slow communication rates at longer distances.
description: 28 pages
Aiding the Visually Impaired: Developing an efficient Braille Printer
Creators: name: Apurva, Anubhav
name: Thakur, Palash
name: Misra, Anupam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: With the large number of partially or completely visually impaired persons in society, their integration as productive, educated and capable members of society is hampered heavily by a pervasively high level of braille illiteracy. This problem is further compounded by the fact that braille printers are prohibitively expensive - generally starting from two thousand US dollars, beyond the reach of the common man. Over the period of a year, the authors have tried to develop a Braille printer which attempts to overcome the problems inherent in commercial printers. The purpose of this paper, therefore, is to introduce two prototypes - the first with an emphasis of cost-effectiveness, and the second prototype, which is more experimental and aims to eliminate several demerits of Braille printing. The first prototype has been constructed at a cost significantly less than the existing commercial braille printers. Both the prototypes of the device have been constructed, which will be shown.
description: 6 pages. IEEE accepted paper (not published yet) International Conference on Advances in Computing, Communications and Informatics (ICACCI-2017)
MPEC 2024-L95 : 2024 LH2
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2024 LH2

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Prioritization of Stockpile Maintenance with Layered Pareto Fronts
Creators: name: Burke, Sarah E.
name: Anderson-Cook, Christine M.
name: Lu, Lu
name: Montgomery, Douglas C.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Difficult choices are required for a decision-making process where resources and budgets are increasingly constrained. This paper demonstrates a structured decision-making approach using layered Pareto fronts to identify priorities about how to allocate funds between munitions stockpiles based on their estimated reliability, the urgency of needing available units, and the consequences if adequate numbers of units are not available. This case study, while specific to the characteristics of a group of munitions stockpiles, illustrates the general process of structured decision-making based on first identifying appropriate metrics that summarize the important dimensions of the decision, and then objectively eliminating non-contenders from further consideration. The final subjective stage incorporates user priorities to select the four stockpiles to receive additional maintenance and surveillance funds based on understanding the trade-offs and robustness to various user priorities.
Stability of Overintegration Methods for Nodal Discontinuous Galerkin Spectral Element Methods
Creators: name: Kopriva, David A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65M70, 65M12

description: We perform stability analyses for discontinuous Galerkin spectral element approximations of linear variable coefficient hyperbolic systems in three dimensional domains with curved elements. Although high order, the precision of the quadratures used are typically too low with respect to polynomial order associated with their arguments, which introduces aliasing errors that can destabilize an approximation, especially when the solution is underresolved. We show that using a larger number of points in the volume quadrature, often called "overintegration", can eliminate the aliasing term associated with the volume, but introduces new aliasing errors at the surfaces that can destabilize the solution. Increased quadrature precision on both the volume and surface terms, on the other hand, leads to a stable approximation. The results support the findings of Mengaldo et al. [Dealiasing techniques for high-order spectral element methods on regular and irregular grids. Journal of Computational Physics, 299:56 -- 81, 2015] who found that fully consistent integration was more robust for the solution of compressible flows than the volume only version.
Cosmological Dark Energy: Prospects for a Dynamical Theory
Creators: name: Antoniadis, Ignatios
name: Mazur, Pawel O.
name: Mottola, Emil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an approach to the problem of vacuum energy in cosmology, based on dynamical screening of Lambda on the horizon scale. We review first the physical basis of vacuum energy as a phenomenon connected with macroscopic boundary conditions, and the origin of the idea of its screening by particle creation and vacuum polarization effects. We discuss next the relevance of the quantum trace anomaly to this issue. The trace anomaly implies additional terms in the low energy effective theory of gravity, which amounts to a non-trivial modification of the classical Einstein theory, fully consistent with the Equivalence Principle. We show that the new dynamical degrees of freedom the anomaly contains provide a natural mechanism for relaxing Lambda to zero on cosmological scales. We consider possible signatures of the restoration of conformal invariance predicted by the fluctuations of these new scalar degrees of freedom on the spectrum and statistics of the CMB, in light of the latest bounds from WMAP. Finally we assess the prospects for a new cosmological model in which the dark energy adjusts itself dynamically to the cosmological horizon boundary, and therefore remains naturally of order H^2 at all times without fine tuning.
description: 50 pages, Invited Contribution to New Journal of Physics Focus Issue on Dark Energy
Enhancement of toxic Cr (VI), Fe, and other heavy metals phytoremediation by the synergistic combination of native Bacillus cereus strain and Vetiveria zizanioides L
Creators: name: A. K. Nayak
name: S. S. Panda
name: A. Basu
name: N. K. Dhal
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology

description: Bioremediation of Cr (VI), Fe, and other heavy metals (HMs) through plant–microbes interaction is one of the efficient strategies due to its high efficiency, low cost, and ecofriendly nature. The aim of the study was to isolate, characterize, and assess the potential of rhizospheric bacteria to enhance growth and metal accumulation by the chromium hyperaccumulator Vetiveria zizanoides. The bacterial strain isolated from mine tailings was identified to be Bacillus cereus (T1B3) strain exhibited plant growth-promoting traits including, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase, indole acetic acid, and siderophores production, nitrogen fixation, and P solubilization. Removal capacity (mg L−1) of T1B3 strain was 82% for Cr+6 (100), 92% for Fe (100), 67% for Mn(50), 36% for Zn (50), 31% for Cd (30), 25% for Cu (30), and 43% for Ni (50) during the active growth cycle in HM-amended, extract medium. Results indicate that inoculating the native V. zizanioides with T1B3 strain improves its phytoremediation efficiency of HMs. The mineralogical characteristics of chromite ore tailings and soil were also confirmed by X-ray diffraction, Fourier Transform Infrared, scanning electron microscope–energy dispersive spectroscopy analysis.
Test MM Type A by DHAI (Project) (2021) | Type-A (ID n° 468)
Creators: name: DHAI, Project
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2021
Subjects: Astronomy
History of astronomy
DISHAS
Astronomical table

description: This is a type A edition: A type-A edition corresponds to the edition of a table witness originating from a single primary source:
 scribal errors are reproduced.
You can find it on the DISHAS project website from this link: https://dishas.obspm.fr/table-edition/468
Inhomogeneous reheating scenario with low scale inflation and/or MSSM flat directions
Creators: name: Postma, Marieke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the constraints on the inhomogeneous reheating scenario. In particular, we discuss the prospects for low scale inflation with a Hubble constant of the order of the gravitino mass, and the possibility that an MSSM flat direction is responsible for the density fluctuations. Thermal effects are generically fatal for the scenario, and can only be avoided for small enough mass and couplings of the flat direction field, excluding MSSM flat directions. Prompt decay at the end of inflation bypasses thermal constraints, and is compatible with both low scale inflation and MSSM flat directions. However, the level of non-Gaussianity is acceptably small only for a small window of inflaton mass and couplings. The upshot is that tuning of parameters is needed for the inhomogeneous reheating scenario to work.
description: 33 pages, 1 figure
Cooper pair tunnelling and quasiparticle poisoning in a galvanically isolated superconducting double dot
Creators: name: Esmail, A. A.
name: Ferguson, A. J.
name: Lambert, N. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We increase the isolation of a superconducting double dot from its environment by galvanically isolating it from any electrodes. We probe it using high frequency reflectometry techniques, find 2e-periodic behaviour, and characterise the energy structure of its charge states. By modelling the response of the device, we determine the quasiparticle poisoning rate to be significantly worse than that of a unisolated double dot, and conclude that quasiparticle exchange between the dot and the leads is an important relaxation mechanism.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Idealization Second Quantization of Composite Particles
Creators: name: Zhou, D. L.
name: Yu, S. Y.
name: Sun, C. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A practical method is developed to deal with the second quantization of the many-body system containing the composite particles. In our treatment, the modes associated with composite particles are regarded approximately as independent ones compared with those of unbound particles. The field operators of the composite particles thus arise naturally in the second quantization Hamiltonian. To be emphasized, the second quantization Hamiltonian has the regular structures which correspond clearly to different physical processes.
description: 8 pages, latex, no figures
Intelligenza artificiale o scienza aperta
Creators: name: Tafani, Daniela
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Intelligenza artificiale o scienza aperta? La scienza come processo pubblico e la tecnica del machine learning, oggi, come processo privato. La cattura culturale e le illusioni nella scienza fatta a macchina. Crisi di riproducibilità, esplosione delle ritrattazioni e inquinamento dell'ecosistema della scienza. La rianimazione delle pseudoscienze nei sistemi di ottimizzazione predittiva.
Prioritization of stockpile maintenance with layered Pareto fronts
Creators: name: Burke, Sarah E.
name: Anderson-Cook, Christine M.
name: Lu, Lu
name: C. Montgomery, Douglas
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Difficult choices are required for a decision-making process where resources and budgets are increasingly constrained. This article demonstrates a structured decision-making approach using layered Pareto fronts to identify priorities about how to allocate funds between munitions stockpiles based on their estimated reliability, the urgency of needing available units, and the consequences if adequate numbers of units are not available. This case study, while specific to the characteristics of a group of munitions stockpiles, illustrates the general process of structured decision-making based on first identifying appropriate metrics that summarize the important dimensions of the decision, and then objectively eliminating non-contenders from further consideration. The final subjective stage incorporates user priorities to select the four stockpiles to receive additional maintenance and surveillance funds based on understanding the trade-offs and robustness to various user priorities.
Composite topological structure of domain walls in synthetic antiferromagnets
Creators: name: Kolesnikov, A. G.
name: Plotnikov, V. S.
name: Pustovalov, E. V.
name: Samardak, A. S.
name: Chebotkevich, L. A.
name: Ognev, A. V.
name: Tretiakov, Oleg A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We experimentally study the structure and dynamics of magnetic domains in synthetic antiferromagnets based on Co/Ru/Co films. Dramatic effects arise from the interaction among the topological defects comprising the dual domain walls in these structures. Under applied magnetic fields, the dual domain walls propagate following the dynamics of bi-meronic (bi-vortex/bi-antivortex) topological defects built in the walls. Application of an external field triggers a rich dynamical response: The propagation depends on mutual orientation and chirality of bi-vortices and bi-antivortices in the domain walls. For certain configurations, we observe sudden jumps of composite domain walls in increasing field, which are associated with the decay of composite skyrmions. These features allow for enhanced control of domain-wall motion in synthetic antiferromagnets with the potential of employing them as information carriers in future logic and storage devices.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
Black Hole Evaporation Entails an Objective Passage of Time
Creators: name: Elitzur, Avshalom C.
name: Dolev, Shahar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Time's apparent passage has long been debated by philosophers, with no decisive argument for or against its objective existence. In this paper we show that introducing the issue of determinism gives the debate a new, empirical twist. We prove that any theory that states that the basic laws of physics are time-symmetric must be strictly deterministic. It is only determinism that enables time reversal, whether theoretical or experimental, of anyentropy-increasing process. A contradiction therefore arises between Hawking's argument that physical law is time-symmetric and his controversial claim that black-hole evaporation introduces a fundamental unpredictability into the physical world. The latter claim forcibly entails an intrinsic time-arrow independent of boundary conditions. A simulation of a simple system under time reversal shows how an intrinsic time arrow re-emerges, destroying the time reversal, when even the slightest failure of determinism occurs. This proof is then extended to the classical behavior of black holes. We conclude with pointing out the affinity between time's arrow and its apparent passage.
description: 15 pages, 3 figures
Complex dynamics in the uptake of new farming practices: a case study for organic waste application
Creators: name: Groeneveld, Anouschka
name: Bakker, Martha
name: Peerlings, Jack
name: Heijman, Wim
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Adverse environmental effects of intensive agriculture, together with scarcity in phosphates and water, urge farmers to find more sustainable practices. An example of such a sustainable practice is on-farm processing of organic waste. This paper explores three mechanisms that can lead to a widespread uptake of this technique: (1) economies of scale, (2) information sharing, and (3) adjustment of social norms. Although each of these mechanisms has been studied before, this paper provides new insights by considering the interactions that might exist between the different mechanisms when they are applied to real-life situations. Based on a pilot study, we developed a multi-criteria mathematical programming model at individual farm level. We used this model to simulate the uptake of on-farm processing of organic waste, as a result of the three mechanisms and their interactions. Our results show that each mechanism results in an increased uptake, but is not likely to cause a widespread uptake. Interaction between the mechanisms, will lead to a much higher uptake. This result suggests that simultaneous consideration of multiple mechanisms is essential to understand the behaviour of social–ecological systems.
X-ray Synchrotron Polarization from Turbulent Plasmas in Supernova Remnants
Creators: name: Baring, Matthew G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As supernova remnants (SNRs) age, they become efficient cosmic ray accelerators at their outer shell shocks. The current paradigm for shock acceleration theory favors turbulent field environs in the proximity of these shocks, turbulence driven by current instabilities involving energetic ions. With the imminent prospect of dedicated X-ray polarimeters becoming a reality, the possibility looms of probing turbulence on scales that couple to the super-TeV electrons that emit X-rays. This paper presents model X-ray polarization signatures from energetic electrons moving in simulated MHD turbulence of varying levels of "chaos." The emission volumes are finite slabs that represent the active regions of young SNR shells. We find that the turbulent field energy must be quite limited relative to that of the total field in order for the X-ray polarization degree to be as strong as the radio measures obtained in some remnants. Results presented are pertinent to the planned IXPE and XIPE polarimeters.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, appeared in Proc. IAU Symposium 331, SN 1987A, 30 years later - Cosmic Rays and Nuclei from Supernovae and Their Aftermaths
Abundance patterns in the low-metallicity emission-line galaxies from the Early Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey
Creators: name: Izotov, Y. I.
name: Stasinska, G.
name: Guseva, N. G.
name: Thuan, T. X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have derived element abundances in 310 emission-line galaxies from the Early Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) for which the [O {\sc iii}] 4363 emission line was detected, allowing abundance determination by direct methods. We found no extremely metal-deficient galaxy (Z
description: 8 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
Loop quantum cosmology and the k = - 1 RW model
Creators: name: Vandersloot, Kevin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The loop quantization of the negatively curved k=-1 RW model poses several technical challenges. We show that the issues can be overcome and a successful quantization is possible that extends the results of the k=0,+1 models in a natural fashion. We discuss the resulting dynamics and show that for a universe consisting of a massless scalar field, a bounce is predicted in the backward evolution in accordance with the results of the k=0,+1 models. We also show that the model predicts a vacuum repulsion in the high curvature regime that would lead to a bounce even for matter with vanishing energy density. We finally comment on the inverse volume modifications of loop quantum cosmology and show that, as in the k=0 model, the modifications depend sensitively on the introduction of a length scale which a priori is independent of the curvature scale or a matter energy scale.
description: Clarified some of the discussion and updated references
Helicity Conservation, and Twisted Seifert Surfaces for Superfluid Vortices
Creators: name: Salman, Hayder
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Starting from the continuum definition of helicity, we derive from first principles its different contributions for superfluid vortices. Our analysis shows that an internal twist contribution emerges naturally from the mathematical derivation. This reveals that the spanwise vector that is used to characterise the twist contribution must point in the direction of a surface of constant velocity potential. An immediate consequence of the Seifert framing is that the continuum definition of helicity for a superfluid is trivially zero at all times. It follows that the Gauss-linking number is a more appropriate definition of helicity for superfluids. Despite this, we explain how a quasiclassical limit can arise in a superfluid in which the continuum definition for helicity can be used. This provides a clear connection between a microscopic and a macroscopic description of a superfluid as provided by the Hall-Vinen-Bekarevich-Khalatnikov equations. This leads to consistency with the definition of helicity used for classical vortices.
Semiclassical Casimir Energies at Finite Temperature
Creators: name: Schaden, Martin
name: Spruch, Larry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the dependence on the temperature T of Casimir effects for a range of systems, and in particular for a pair of ideal parallel conducting plates, separated by a vacuum. We study the Helmholtz free energy, combining Matsubara's formalism, in which the temperature appears as a periodic Euclidean fourth dimension of circumference 1/T, with the semiclassical periodic orbital approximation of Gutzwiller. By inspecting the known results for the Casimir energy at T=0 for a rectangular parallelepiped, one is led to guess at the expression for the free energy of two ideal parallel conductors without performing any calculation. The result is a new form for the free energy in terms of the lengths of periodic classical paths on a two-dimensional cylinder section. This expression for the free energy is equivalent to others that have been obtained in the literature. Slightly extending the domain of applicability of Gutzwiller's semiclassical periodic orbit approach, we evaluate the free energy at T>0 in terms of periodic classical paths in a four-dimensional cavity that is the tensor product of the original cavity and a circle. The validity of this approach is at present restricted to particular systems. We also discuss the origin of the classical form of the free energy at high temperatures.
description: 17 pages, no figures, Latex
Development of Thermal Kinetic Inductance Detectors suitable for X-ray spectroscopy
Creators: name: Giachero, A.
name: Cruciani, A.
name: D'Addabbo, A.
name: Day, P. K.
name: Di Domizio, S.
name: Faverzani, M.
name: Ferri, E.
name: Margesin, B.
name: Martinez, M.
name: Mezzena, R.
name: Minutolo, L.
name: Nucciotti, A.
name: Puiu, A.
name: Vignati, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the development of Thermal Kinetic Inductance Detectors (TKIDs) suitable to perform X-ray spectroscopy measurements. The aim is to implement MKIDs sensors working in thermal quasi-equilibrium mode to detect X-ray photons as pure calorimeters. The thermal mode is a variation on the MKID classical way of operation that has generated interest in recent years. TKIDs can offer the MKIDs inherent multiplexibility in the frequency domain, a high spatial resolution comparable with CCDs, and an energy resolution theoretically limited only by thermodynamic fluctuations across the thermal weak links. Microresonators are built in Ti/TiN multilayer technology with the inductive part thermally coupled with a metal absorber on a suspended SiN membrane, to avoid escape of phonons from the film to the substrate. The mid-term goal is to optimize the single pixel design in term of superconducting critical temperatures, internal quality factors, kinetic inductance and spectral energy resolution. The final goal is to realize a demonstrator array for a next generation thousand pixels X-ray spectrometer. In this contribution, the status of the project after one year of developments is reported, with detailed reference to the microresonators design and simulations and to the fabrication process.
Additional file 1: of ARID1A facilitates KRAS signaling-regulatedÂ enhancer activity in an AP1-dependent manner in colorectal cancer cells
Creators: name: Sen, Madhobi
name: Wang, Xin
name: Hamdan, Feda
name: Rapp, Jacobe
name: Eggert, Jessica
name: Kosinsky, Robyn
name: Wegwitz, Florian
name: Kutschat, Ana
name: Younesi, Fereshteh
name: Gaedcke, Jochen
name: Grade, Marian
name: Hessmann, Elisabeth
name: Papantonis, Argyris
name: StrÓ§bel, Philipp
name: Johnsen, Steven
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Figure S1. Expression of BAF complex subunits in the four cell lines used in this study (a). Mutual exclusivity of ARID1A and KRAS (all and specifically at residues G12 and G13) mutations in the colorectal adenocarcinoma patient cohort from the TCGA PanCancer Atlas (b). Levels of pERK and JUND in Parental and ARID1A KO DLD1 cells (c). HSC70 was used as a loading control. The top 10 GO terms enriched for genes downregulated by ARID1A KO in the HCT116, DLD1, and COLO320 cell lines (d). Figure S2. Transcription factors that colocalize at all ARID1A-bound sites. These include several AP1 transcription factors (a). The AP1 binding motif is significantly enriched at all ARID1A-occupied regions (b). At all ARID1A-bound enhancers there is a reduction of SMARCA4 and SMARCC1 occupancy upon the loss of ARID1A (c). ATAC-seq signal remains unchanged and H3K27ac reduces significantly (c). (PDF 126 kb)
Crockford_ESM from Chimpanzee quiet hoo variants differ according to context
Creators: name: Crockford, Catherine
name: Gruber, Thibaud
name: Zuberbühler, Klaus
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 170299 Cognitive Science not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Supplementary Figures and Table
title: “Born This Pay”
title: Investigating Wage Disparities Based on Sexual Orientation in the German Labor Market
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Song, Jiayi
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: LGBTQ+
subject: Queer Economics
subject: wage gap
subject: Oaxaca-Blinder Decomposition
subject: OLS Mincer wage regression
subject: sexual orientation
subject: 301 Soziologie und Anthropologie

description: Diese Studie untersucht den Einfluss der sexuellen Orientierung auf das Einkommen im deutschen Arbeitsmarkt. Anhand von Daten aus der Sozio-oekonomischen Panelstudie aus dem Jahr 2020 analysiere ich die Lohnunterschiede zwischen heterosexuellen und nicht-heterosexuellen Arbeitnehmern. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass nicht-heterosexuelle Männer etwa 7,7% weniger verdienen als ihre heterosexuellen Kollegen, während lesbische oder bisexuelle Frauen einen Einkommensvorteil von 4,22% erfahren, obwohl dieser statistisch nicht signifikant ist. Weitere Analysen, die sich auf europäisch geborene Vollzeitbeschäftigte konzentrieren, bestätigen diese Trends, wenn auch mit geringerer statistischer Signifikanz. Die Oaxaca-Blinder-Dekomposition hebt Faktoren hervor, die zur Lohnlücke beitragen, wobei Diskriminierung und berufliche Segregation die Haupttreiber hinter den Lohnunterschieden sind. Darüber hinaus betont diese Studie die Notwendigkeit weiterer Forschung und politischer Maßnahmen, um derartige Ungleichheiten auf dem Arbeitsmarkt anzugehen.
description: This study investigates the impact of sexual orientation on earnings in the German labour market. Using data from the Socio-Economic Panel survey from the year 2020, I analyse wage differentials between heterosexual and non-heterosexual workers. The findings reveal that nonheterosexual men earn approximately 7.7% less than their heterosexual counterparts, while lesbian or bisexual women experience a 4.22% income premium, though statistically insignificant. Further analysis focusing on European-born full-time workers confirms these trends, although with reduced statistical significance. Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition highlights factors contributing to the wage gap, with discrimination and occupational sorting being the main drivers behind the wage disparities. Furthermore, this study emphasises the need for further research and policy interventions to address labour market inequalities of this kind.
Keep it Fair: Equivalences
Creators: name: Prehn, Tobias
name: Mennicke, Stephan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Formal Languages and Automata Theory (cs.FL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: For models of concurrent and distributed systems, it is important and also challenging to establish correctness in terms of safety and/or liveness properties. Theories of distributed systems consider equivalences fundamental, since they (1) preserve desirable correctness characteristics and (2) often allow for component substitution making compositional reasoning feasible. Modeling distributed systems often requires abstraction utilizing nondeterminism which induces unintended behaviors in terms of infinite executions with one nondeterministic choice being recurrently resolved, each time neglecting a single alternative. These situations are considered unrealistic or highly improbable. Fairness assumptions are commonly used to filter system behaviors, thereby distinguishing between realistic and unrealistic executions. This allows for key arguments in correctness proofs of distributed systems, which would not be possible otherwise. Our contribution is an equivalence spectrum in which fairness assumptions are preserved. The identified equivalences allow for (compositional) reasoning about correctness incorporating fairness assumptions.
description: In Proceedings ICE 2017, arXiv:1711.10708
Proper motion surveys of the young open clusters Alpha Persei and the Pleiades
Creators: name: Deacon, N. R.
name: Hambly, N. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we present surveys of two open clusters using photometry and accurate astrometry from the SuperCOSMOS microdensitometer. These use plates taken by the Palomar Oschin Schmidt Telescope giving a wide field ($5^{\circ}$ from the cluster centre in both cases), accurate positions and a long time baseline for the proper motions. Distribution functions are fitted to proper motion vector point diagrams yeilding formal membership probabilities. Luminosity and mass functions are then produced along with a catalogue of high probability members. Background star contamination limited the depth of the study of Alpha Per to R=18. Due to this the mass function found for this cluster could only be fitted with a power law ($ξ(m) = m^{-α}$) with $α=0.86^{+0.14}_{-0.19}$. However with the better seperation of the Pleiades' cluster proper motion from the field population results were obtained down to R=21. As the mass function produced for this cluster extends to lower masses it is possible to see the gradient becoming increasingly shallow. This mass function is well fitted by a log normal distribution.
description: 13 pages, 20 Figures, Accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics
Additional file 2: of ARID1A facilitates KRAS signaling-regulatedÂ enhancer activity in an AP1-dependent manner in colorectal cancer cells
Creators: name: Sen, Madhobi
name: Wang, Xin
name: Hamdan, Feda
name: Rapp, Jacobe
name: Eggert, Jessica
name: Kosinsky, Robyn
name: Wegwitz, Florian
name: Kutschat, Ana
name: Younesi, Fereshteh
name: Gaedcke, Jochen
name: Grade, Marian
name: Hessmann, Elisabeth
name: Papantonis, Argyris
name: StrÓ§bel, Philipp
name: Johnsen, Steven
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Supplementary tables. This file contains supplementary Tables S1â S4. (DOCX 31 kb)
Hydrogen Line Observations of Cometary Spectra at 1420 Mhz
Creators: name: Paris, Antonio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In 2016, the Center for Planetary Science proposed a hypothesis arguing a comet and/or its hydrogen cloud were a strong candidate for the source of the Wow! Signal. From 27 November 2016 to 24 February 2017, the Center for Planetary Science conducted 200 observations in the radio spectrum to validate the hypothesis. The investigation discovered that comet 266/P Christensen emitted a radio signal at 1420.25 MHz. The results of this investigation, therefore, conclude that cometary spectra are detectable at 1420 MHz and, more importantly, that the 1977 Wow! Signal was a natural phenomenon from a Solar System body.
description: 20 pages
Session Types for Orchestrated Interactions
Creators: name: Barbanera, Franco
name: de'Liguoro, Ugo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In the setting of the pi-calculus with binary sessions, we aim at relaxing the notion of duality of session types by the concept of retractable compliance developed in contract theory. This leads to extending session types with a new type operator of "speculative selection" including choices not necessarily offered by a compliant partner. We address the problem of selecting successful communicating branches by means of an operational semantics based on orchestrators, which has been shown to be equivalent to the retractable semantics of contracts, but clearly more feasible. A type system, sound with respect to such a semantics, is hence provided.
description: In Proceedings ICE 2017, arXiv:1711.10708