cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Adelic Aligned p-adic Spacetime
Creators: name: Del Bel, Julian
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: This work presents a unification of number-theoretic, geometric, and quantum gravitation through an adelic spacetime framework. We establish:

(1) operator closure in recursive hypergeometric calculus.

(2) Gromov-Hausdorff convergence of fractal spacetime limits.

(3) empirical matches to gravitational wave data (GW150914), galactic rotation curves, and CMB anomalies.

 

The framework eliminates dark matter requirements through dimensional feedback mechanisms while maintaining compatibility with standard quantum operator algebras.This work advances the unification of number theory, fractal geometry, and quantum gravity through a refined \textit{adelic spacetime} framework. Generalized Hypergeometric Operator Algebras with connections to Langlands reciprocity. Enhanced Fractal Convergence via prime-modulated Ricci flows.  Machine Learning-Augmented Predictions for dark energy and quantum gravity. Experimental Proposals to test adelic spacetime via optomechanical quantum simulators. Empirical validations now include LIGO-Virgo O4 data, JWST galactic observations, and CMB-S4 simulations. The framework resolves the Hubble tension and eliminates dark sector dependencies through adelic dimensional reduction.
Kaon semileptonic form factors in QCD with exact chiral symmetry
Creators: name: JLQCD Collaboration
name: Kaneko, T.
name: Aoki, S.
name: Cossu, G.
name: Feng, X.
name: Fukaya, H.
name: Hashimoto, S.
name: Noaki, J.
name: Onogi, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on our calculation of the kaon semileptonic form factors in Nf=2+1 lattice QCD. Chiral symmetry is exactly preserved by using the overlap quark action for a straightforward comparison with chiral perturbation theory (ChPT). We simulate three pion masses down to 290 MeV at a single lattice spacing of 0.11 fm and at a strange quark mass very close to its physical value. The form factors near zero momentum transfer are precisely calculated by using the all-to-all propagator and twisted boundary conditions. We compare the normalizations and slopes of the form factors with ChPT and experiments.
description: 7 pages, talk presented at the XXIX International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory (Lattice 2011), Squaw Valley, Lake Tahoe, California, July 10-16, 2011
Multiple faults diagnosis using causal graph
Creators: name: Fliss, Imtiez
name: Tagina, Moncef
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This work proposes to put up a tool for diagnosing multi faults based on model using techniques of detection and localization inspired from the community of artificial intelligence and that of automatic. The diagnostic procedure to be integrated into the supervisory system must therefore be provided with explanatory features. Techniques based on causal reasoning are a pertinent approach for this purpose. Bond graph modeling is used to describe the cause effect relationship between process variables. Experimental results are presented and discussed in order to compare performance of causal graph technique and classic methods inspired from artificial intelligence (DX) and control theory (FDI).
teEther: Gnawing at Ethereum to Automatically Exploit Smart Contracts
Creators: name: Krupp, Johannes
name: Rossow, Christian
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2023

description: Cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin not only provide a decentralized currency, but also provide a programmatic way to process transactions. Ethereum, the second largest cryptocurrency next to Bitcoin, is the first to provide a Turing-complete language to specify transaction processing, thereby enabling so-called smart contracts. This provides an opportune setting for attackers, as security vulnerabilities are tightly intertwined with financial gain. In this paper, we consider the problem of automatic vulnerability identification and exploit generation for smart contracts. We develop a generic definition of vulnerable contracts and use this to build TEE THER, a tool that allows creating an exploit for a contract given only its binary bytecode. We perform a large-scale analysis of all 38,757 unique Ethereum contracts, 815 out of which our tool finds working exploits for—completely automated.
DNS Unchained: Amplified Application-Layer DoS Attacks Against DNS Authoritatives
Creators: name: Bushart, Jonas
name: Rossow, Christian
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2023

description: We present DNS Unchained, a new application-layer DoS attack against core DNS infrastructure that for the first time uses amplification. To achieve an attack amplification of 8.51, we carefully chain CNAME records and force resolvers to perform deep name resolutions — effectively overloading a target authoritative name server with valid requests. We identify 178508 potential amplifiers, of which 74.3% can be abused in such an attack due to the way they cache records with low Time-to-Live values. In essence, this allows a single modern consumer uplink to downgrade availability of large DNS setups. To tackle this new threat, we conclude with an overview of countermeasures and suggestions for DNS servers to limit the impact of DNS chaining attacks.
Modulation of Prion Protein Aggregate Size Composition to Study Effects on Cellular Transport and Propagation
Creators: name: Kay, Peter
Publisher: name: Cumming School of Medicine
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Education--Health
subject: Biology--Cell
subject: Biology--Molecular
subject: Biophysics--Medical

description: Prion diseases are a group of detrimental neurodegenerative diseases that arise when the cellular prion glycoprotein is misfolded into a beta-sheet rich amyloidogenic isoform known as “PrPSc”. The accumulation and aggregation of this PrPSc in neuronal cells of the central nervous system leads to severe neurodegeneration and is fatal. With any given type of prion disease there is a vast array of different PrPSc aggregate sizes present, and it was previously found that the size of a PrPSc aggregate can influence certain properties, such as cellular uptake and transport. We were able to elucidate and compare the aggregate size profiles of the ME7 and 22L mouse-adapted scrapie strains using a sedimentation centrifugation technique. To better understand the effects of altering the prion protein aggregate size profile, we successfully utilized the chemical compound known as O4 to stabilize larger prion aggregates and therefore shifted the equilibrium towards the larger sizes. We showed that O4 was able to increase the proteolytic resistance of prion aggregates after stabilization, and reduced PrPSc levels in neuroblastoma cell models persistently infected with prions. In addition, we attempted to study the transport of prions across cellular barriers, through transcytosis, and how this might be related to aggregate size. Overall our work has furthered the understanding of the role that the aggregate size profile plays in prion diseases, and has given important insights as to how prion infection may be reduced or prevented.
Structural transformation in supercooled water controls the crystallization rate of ice
Creators: name: Moore, Emily B.
name: Molinero, Valeria
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of water's unsolved puzzles is the question of what determines the lowest temperature to which it can be cooled before freezing to ice. The supercooled liquid has been probed experimentally to near the homogeneous nucleation temperature TH{\approx}232 K, yet the mechanism of ice crystallization - including the size and structure of critical nuclei - has not yet been resolved. The heat capacity and compressibility of liquid water anomalously increase upon moving into the supercooled region according to a power law that would diverge at Ts{\approx}225 K,(1,2) so there may be a link between water's thermodynamic anomalies and the crystallization rate of ice. But probing this link is challenging because fast crystallization prevents experimental studies of the liquid below TH. And while atomistic studies have captured water crystallization(3), the computational costs involved have so far prevented an assessment of the rates and mechanism involved. Here we report coarse-grained molecular simulations with the mW water model(4) in the supercooled regime around TH, which reveal that a sharp increase in the fraction of four-coordinated molecules in supercooled liquid water explains its anomalous thermodynamics and also controls the rate and mechanism of ice formation. The simulations reveal that the crystallization rate of water reaches a maximum around 225 K, below which ice nuclei form faster than liquid water can equilibrate. This implies a lower limit of metastability of liquid water just below TH and well above its glass transition temperature Tg{\approx}136 K. By providing a relationship between the structural transformation in liquid water, its anomalous thermodynamics and its crystallization rate, this work provides a microscopic foundation to the experimental finding that the thermodynamics of water determines the rates of homogeneous nucleation of ice.(5)
description: Edited final form to appear in Nature
Interpretation in Quantum Physics as Hidden Curriculum
Creators: name: Baily, Charles
name: Finkelstein, Noah D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Prior research has demonstrated how the realist perspectives of classical physics students can translate into specific beliefs about quantum phenomena when taking an introductory modern physics course. Student beliefs regarding the interpretation of quantum mechanics often vary by context, and are most often in alignment with instructional goals in topic areas where instructors are explicit in promoting a particular perspective. Moreover, students are more likely to maintain realist perspectives in topic areas where instructors are less explicit in addressing interpretive themes, thereby making such issues part of a hidden curriculum. We discuss various approaches to addressing student perspectives and interpretive themes in a modern physics course, and explore the associated impacts on student thinking.
Expandierende Energiesysteme am Beispiel Perus
Creators: name: Fernandes De Freitas, Alena
Publisher: name: Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT)
Year: 2023
Subjects: Global South
Expanding energy systems
Energy transition
Renewable energies
Latin America

description: Globale Bestrebungen zur Transition von Energiesystemen haben weitreichende Auswirkungen auf technische und gesellschaftliche Strukturen. Die in der Forschung und Praxis übliche Differenzierung von Energiesystemen des Globalen Nordens und des Globalen Südens sowie die Übertragung von Konzepten und Politiken geraten zunehmend in Kritik, da sie die Diversität von Energiepraktiken nicht anerkennen und die Reproduktion von Ungleichheiten riskieren. Vor diesem Hintergrund befasst sich diese Arbeit mit der empirischen Analyse des soziotechnischen Energiesystem Perus und seiner Transition. Hierfür werden Methoden qualitativer empirischer Sozialforschung angewandt und empirisches Material aus drei Feldforschungsaufenthalten zwischen 2016 und 2018 ausgewertet. Die empirischen Ergebnisse zeigen Akteure, Institutionen und Technologien ausgewählter Expansions- und Transitionsprozesse des peruanischen Energiesystems und dienen als Grundlage für die Formulierung von Handlungsempfehlungen. Darüber hinaus wird eine alternative Kategorie zur Differenzierung von Energiesystemen vorgeschlagen. Die Kategorie expandierender Energiesysteme hat den Vorteil, dass sie anhand relevanter Merkmale des Energiesystems selbst anstatt entwicklungspolitisch motivierter Länderkategorien erfolgt und spezifische energiebezogene Bedingungen für Transitionen berücksichtigt. Die Vorgehensweise und die Ergebnisse werden in Form einer kumulativen Arbeit, bestehend aus drei Beiträgen, vorgestellt und in Zusammenhang gebracht. Hierfür werden zuerst die einrahmende Problem- und Fragestellung der Arbeit vorgestellt. Darauf folgen die theoretischen Grundlagen sozio-technischer Energiesysteme und eine Einführung in die ausgewählten Analysekonzepte energy governance, energy justice und historischer Institutionalismus. Anschließend werden die der gesamten Arbeit zugrundeliegenden Methoden der Datenerhebung und -auswertung zusammengefasst. Der kumulative Teil der Dissertation stellt die zentralen Ergebnisse der einzelnen Beiträge und ihre Bedeutung für die Arbeit vor. Der erste Beitrag zeigt am Beispiel der Verdrängung eines historisch verankerten solarthermischen Clusters in Arequipa die Problematik modernistischer Diskurse und topdown Entscheidungsprozesse auf. Der zweite Beitrag verdeutlicht am Beispiel des geplanten Ausbaus der Wasserkraft im Fluss Marañón, die Relevanz von Expansionsprozessen für Wandel und Kontinuität im Energiesystem. Der dritte Beitrag konzeptualisiert sozio-technische Expansionsprozesse und vergleicht die Ergebnisse der drei empirisch untersuchten Fälle in Peru sowie ihre Wirkung auf Wandel und Kontinuität im Energiesystem. Abschließend werden Schlussfolgerungen für die energy governance Perus und für die Eignung der verwendeten analytischen Konzepte gezogen sowie ein Ausblick für weiterführende Forschungen gegeben.
Analyse und Optimierung der Schwingungseigenschaften der Experimentierumgebung am Teilchenbeschleuniger Petra III
Creators: name: Reuss, Torben
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2018

description: Bachelorarbeit, HAW Hamburg, 2018; 73 pp. (2018). = Bachelorarbeit, HAW Hamburg, 2018
description: Diese Bachelorthesis umfasst eine Schwingungsanalyse der Wände der Opticalund Experimental Hutches am PETRA III. Die vorhandenen Schwingungen in denHutches werden gemessen und auf Amplituden und Frequenzen analysiert. DurchEinbringen von gezielten Störungen werden die verschiedenen Bauarten derHutches verglichen und deren schwingungstechnischen Vor- und Nachteiledargelegt. Zur Minimierung der in den Wänden der Hutches vorhandenenVibrationen, werden Hinweise für eine mögliche Neugestaltung der Hutches fürdas Petra IV Upgrade gegeben.
title: Federal coordination of complex policy issues in the energy transition: hydrogen governance in Germany
Creators: name: Flath, Lucas
name: Kemmerzell, Jörg
name: Knodt, Michèle
Publisher: name: UNSPECIFIED
Year: 2023

description: With its National Hydrogen Strategy, the German federal government defined an initial framework for the integration of hydrogen into the energy system. At the subnational level, most states have also adopted own hydrogen strategies and are pursuing regional hydrogen policies within the national framework. This article examines how the interdependent but partly differing regional strategies are coordinated in the German multilevel system. We find different coordination processes among state governments but also between subnational and national level and discuss their pattern in the context of the coordination literature ranging from unilateral decision-making to integrated strategy building.
A Hybrid Model for Identity Obfuscation by Face Replacement
Creators: name: Sun, Qianru
name: Tewari, Ayush
name: Xu, Weipeng
name: Fritz, Mario
name: Theobalt, Christian
name: Schiele, Bernt
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2023

description: As more and more personal photos are shared and tagged in social media, avoiding privacy risks such as unintended recognition becomes increasingly challenging. We propose a new hybrid approach to obfuscate identities in photos by head replacement. Our approach combines state of the art parametric face synthesis with latest advances in Generative Adversarial Networks (GAN) for data-driven image synthesis. On the one hand, the parametric part of our method gives us control over the facial parameters and allows for explicit manipulation of the identity. On the other hand, the data-driven aspects allow for adding fine details and overall realism as well as seamless blending into the scene context. In our experiments, we show highly realistic output of our system that improves over the previous state of the art in obfuscation rate while preserving a higher similarity to the original image content.
Structure of dynamical condensation fronts in the interstellar medium
Creators: name: Iwasaki, Kazunari
name: Inutsuka, Shu-ichiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we investigate the structure of condensation fronts from warm diffuse gas to cold neutral medium (CNM) under the plane parallel geometry. The solutions have two parameters, the pressure of the CNM and the mass flux across the transition front, and their ranges are much wider than previously thought. First, we consider the pressure range where the three phases, the CNM, the unstable phase, and the warm neutral medium, can coexist in the pressure equilibrium. In a wide range of the mass flux, we find solutions connecting the CNM and the unstable phase. Moreover, we find solutions in larger pressure range where there is only one thermal equilibrium state or the CNM. These solutions can be realized in shock-compressed regions that are promising sites of molecular cloud formation. We also find remarkable properties in our solutions. Heat conduction becomes less important with increasing mass flux, and the thickness of the transition layer is characterized by the cooling length instead of the Field length.
description: 10pages, 9f figures, accepted for Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Dispersion Modes of Hot Plasma for Schwarzschild de-Sitter Horizon in a Veselago Medium
Creators: name: Sharif, M.
name: Noureen, Ifra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the dispersion modes of hot plasma around Schwarzschild de-Sitter event horizon in the presence of Veselago medium. For this purpose, we apply ADM 3+1 formalism to develop GRMHD equations for the Schwarzschild de-Sitter spacetime. Implementation of linear perturbation yields perturbed GRMHD equations that are used for the Fourier analysis of rotating (non-magnetized and magnetized) plasma. Wave analysis is described by the graphical representation of the wave vector, refractive index, change in refractive index, phase and group velocities. The outcome of this work supports the validity of Veselago medium.
description: 22 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in Canadian J. Physics. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1101.0884
Height distribution of the power of 3-min oscillations over sunspots
Creators: name: Kobanov, N. I.
name: Kolobov, D. Y.
name: Chupin, S. A.
name: Nakariakov, V. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. The height structure of 3-min oscillations over sunspots is studied in the context of the recently discovered effect of height inversion: over the umbra, the spatial location of the maximum of chromospheric 3-min oscillation power corresponds to the relative decrease in the power of photospheric oscillations. Aims. We investigate whether the height inversion of the power of 3-min oscillations is a common feature of the spatial structure of the oscillations for the majority of sunspots. Methods. Spectrogram sequences of H-alpha 6563Å and FeI 6569Å over sunspots, acquired with very high cadency (about 2 s or better) are obtained. The distribution of the oscillation power of the line-of-sight velocity signal is studied by using methods of wavelet frequency filtration and Fourier analysis. Results. The effect of the height inversion is found in 9 of 11 analyzed active regions. The interpretation of this effect is possibly connected to both the decrease in the level of photosphere in sunspot umbrae and the magnetic field topology.
Development of Sustainable Nanosorbcats Based Technology for Hydrocarbons and Organic Pollutants Recovery from Industrial Wastewater
Creators: name: El-Qanni, Amjad
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: nanosorbcats
subject: Adsorption
subject: Catalysis
subject: computational modeling
subject: DFT
subject: MD Simulation
subject: oxy-cracking
subject: steam gasification
subject: Sustainability
subject: Engineering--Chemical
subject: Engineering--Environmental
subject: Engineering--Petroleum
subject: Psychology--Developmental
subject: Psychology--Experimental
subject: Psychology--Industrial

description: The worldwide shortage of fresh water and the huge competing demands from a variety of users stimulate an urgent need for finding innovative wastewater treatment processes. For instance, oil sand process-affected waters pose a critical energy issue and an environmental alert since these effluents are toxic to many aquatic and non-aquatic living organisms. In addition, some of these pollutants are non-biodegradable and, thus they will exist for a long time in the environment, which may cause a real challenge to the conventional wastewater treatment processes. Accordingly, economically viable and environmentally sound techniques are needed. The application of nanoparticle technology as adsorbents and catalysts (nanosorbcats), whether as a standalone or as an enabling technology, in cleaning up wastewater has recently received great attention. This is because of the unique chemical and physical properties of nanoparticles in comparison with their counterparts, which make them superior to the conventional adsorbent/catalysts. Hence, in the present study, the employment of newly in-house prepared silica-embedded nanosorbcats functionalized with active species of NiO and MgO for cleaning up produced water was investigated. A facile co-precipitation synthesis route was used to prepare those nanosorbcats, which were characterized by different characterization techniques like XRD, BET, HRTEM, CO2-TPD, and IR spectroscopy. The prepared nanosorbcats were then employed for the adsorptive removal of cationic, anionic, and organic acid model molecules. Computational modeling, DFT calculations, and MD simulations of the interaction between the model molecules and the surfaces of prepared nanoparticles were carried out to get more mechanistic insights into their adsorptive behaviors. Eventually, these nanosorbcats were successfully used to treat real SAGD produced waters within an experimental scheme including three processes, namely; oxy-cracking, packed-bed adsorption, and catalytic steam gasification.
The noncommutative Kubo Formula: Applications to Transport in Disordered Topological Insulators with and without Magnetic Fields
Creators: name: Xue, Yu
name: Prodan, Emil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The non-commutative theory of charge transport in mesoscopic aperiodic systems under magnetic fields, developed by Bellissard, Shulz-Baldes and collaborators in the 90's, is complemented with a practical numerical implementation. The scheme, which is developed within a $C^*$-algebraic framework, enable efficient evaluations of the non-commutative Kubo formula, with errors that vanish exponentially fast in the thermodynamic limit. Applications to a model of a 2-dimensional Quantum spin-Hall insulator are given. The conductivity tensor is mapped as function of Fermi level, disorder strength and temperature and the phase diagram in the plane of Fermi level and disorder strength is quantitatively derived from the transport simulations. Simulations at finite magnetic field strength are also presented.
description: 10 figures
A4NT: Author Attribute Anonymity by Adversarial Training of Neural Machine Translation
Creators: name: Shetty, Rakshith
name: Schiele, Bernt
name: Fritz, Mario
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2023

description: Text-based analysis methods enable an adversary to reveal privacy relevant author attributes such as gender, age and can identify the text's author. Such methods can compromise the privacy of an anonymous author even when the author tries to remove privacy sensitive content. In this paper, we propose an automatic method, called the Adversarial Author Attribute Anonymity Neural Translation ($\text{A}^{4}\text{NT}$), to combat such text-based adversaries. Unlike prior works on obfuscation, we propose a system that is fully automatic and learns to perform obfuscation entirely from the data. This allows us to easily apply the $\text{A}^{4}\text{NT}$ system to obfuscate different author attributes. We propose a sequence-to-sequence language model, inspired by machine translation, and an adversarial training framework to design a system which learns to transform the input text to obfuscate the author attributes without paired data. We also propose and evaluate techniques to impose constraints on our $\text{A}^{4}\text{NT}$ model to preserve the semantics of the input text. $\text{A}^{4}\text{NT}$ learns to make minimal changes to the input to successfully fool author attribute classifiers, while preserving the meaning of the input text. Our experiments on two datasets and three settings show that the proposed method is effective in fooling the attribute classifiers and thus improves the anonymity of authors.
The Structure and function of the insertions of the rabbit medial collateral ligament: an experimental morphological and biomechanical study of the insertions of the medial collateral ligament in the skeletally-mature rabbit
Creators: name: Matyas, John Robert
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 1990
Subjects: subject: Ligaments - Physiology
subject: Rabbits - Morphology

description: Bibliography: p. 241-263.
MemScrimper: Time- and Space-Efficient Storage of Malware Sandbox Memory Dumps
Creators: name: Brengel, Michael
name: Rossow, Christian
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2023

description: We present MemScrimper, a novel methodology to compress memory dumps of malware sandboxes. MemScrimper is built on the observation that sandboxes always start at the same system state (i.e., a sandbox snapshot) to analyze malware. Therefore, memory dumps taken after malware execution inside the same sandbox are substantially similar to each other, which we can use to only store the differences introduced by the malware itself. Technically, we compare the pages of those memory dumps against the pages of a reference memory dump taken from the same sandbox and then deduplicate identical or similar pages accordingly. MemScrimper increases data compression ratios by up to 3894.74% compared to standard compression utilities such as 7zip, and reduces compression and decompression times by up to 72.48% and 41.44%, respectively. Furthermore, MemScrimper’s internal storage allows to perform analyses (e.g., signature matching) on compressed memory dumps more efficient than on uncompressed dumps. MemScrimper thus significantly increases the retention time of memory dumps and makes longitudinal analysis more viable, while also improving efficiency.
Oscillatory coupling between a monolithic whispering-gallery resonator and a buried bus waveguide
Creators: name: Ghulinyan, M.
name: Guider, R.
name: Carusotto, I.
name: Pitanti, A.
name: Pucker, G.
name: Pavesi, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on a combined theoretical and experimental study of the optical coupling between a microdisk resonator and a waveguide laying on different planes. While the lateral coupling between a planar resonator and a waveguide is characterized by a unique distance at which the resonant waveguide transmission vanishes because of destructive interference, the vertical coupling geometry exhibits an oscillatory behavior in the coupling amplitude as a function of the vertical gap. This effect manifests experimentally as oscillations in both the waveguide transmission and the mode quality factor. An analytical description based on coupled-mode theory and a two-port beam-splitter model of the waveguide-resonator coupling is developed, which compares successfully both to experimental data and numerical simulations.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
The implications of elections on actions of senators and members of parliament in Canada
Creators: name: Attanasio, Kyle J.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Elections are traditionally characterized as mechanisms capable of aligning the interests of representatives with those of voters. The absence of elections for the Canadian Senate has drawn criticism precisely because there is no mechanism to ensure the accountability of senators to the electorate. That said, the constant requirement incumbent on MPs to respond to one’s constituents has positive and negative implications, as does senators’ freedom from the constraints of re-election. In this paper, I show how MPs and senators operate under different conventions of party discipline and have a propensity to advance different types of private members’ bills. In the Commons, the drive for re-election and the demands of party discipline motivate MPs to advance locally or regionally focused policy. In contrast, the absence of elections and greater independence from party allows senators to view policy through a more pan-Canadian lens than MPs. Thus, my data casts the absence of elections in a more optimistic light, showing that freedom from the constraints of re-election actually allows senators to serve as valuable complements to MPs. The necessities of modem democracy dictates that the people must have a hand in choosing who represents them, yet shifting to an elected Senate may not accord with the collective needs of the country.
Unconventional magnetic phase diagram of cuprate superconductor La2-xSrxCuO4 at quantum critical point x = 1/9
Creators: name: Dong, X. L.
name: Hor, P. H.
name: Zhou, F.
name: Zhao, Z. X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a new magnetic phase diagram of La2-xSrxCuO4 around a quantum critical point x = 1/9 based on field-cooled magnetization measurements and critical fittings. A new phase boundary Tm2(H) is discovered which buries deeply below the first order vortex melting line in the vortex solid phase. The coupling between superconductivity and antiferromagnetism is found to be attractive below Tm2(H) while repulsive above. The attractive coupling between superconducting order and static antiferromagnetic order provides compelling experimental evidence that the antiferromagnetism microscopically coexists and collaborates with the high temperature superconductivity in cuprates.
description: 17 pages, 4 figures
Identifying Key Leakage of Bitcoin Users
Creators: name: Brengel, Michael
name: Rossow, Christian
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2023

description: We study key leakage in the context of cryptocurrencies. First, we consider the problem of explicit key leakage occurring on open-source intelligence platforms. To do this, we monitor the Pastebin feed from Sep 2017–Mar 2018 to find exposed secret Bitcoin keys, revealing that attackers could have stolen 22.40 BTC worth roughly $178,000 given current exchange rates. Then, we focus on implicit key leakage by exploiting the wrong usage of cryptographic primitives and scan Bitcoin’s blockchain for ECDSA nonce reuse. We systematically outline how an attacker can use duplicate r values to leak nonces and secret keys, which goes beyond the simple case where the same nonce and the same key have been used in conjunction more than once. Our results show that ECDSA nonce reuse has been a recurring problem in the Bitcoin ecosystem and has already been exploited by attackers. In fact, an attacker could have exploited nonce reuse to steal 412.80 BTC worth roughly $3.3 million.
Modelling neutral hydrogen in galaxies using cosmological hydrodynamical simulations
Creators: name: Duffy, Alan R.
name: Kay, Scott T.
name: Battye, Richard A.
name: Booth, C. M.
name: Vecchia, Claudio Dalla
name: Schaye, Joop
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The characterisation of the atomic and molecular hydrogen content of high-redshift galaxies is a major observational challenge that will be addressed over the coming years with a new generation of radio telescopes. We investigate this important issue by considering the states of hydrogen across a range of structures within high-resolution cosmological hydrodynamical simulations. Additionally, our simulations allow us to investigate the sensitivity of our results to numerical resolution and to sub-grid baryonic physics (especially feedback from supernovae and active galactic nuclei). We find that the most significant uncertainty in modelling the neutral hydrogen distribution arises from our need to model a self-shielding correction in moderate density regions. Future simulations incorporating radiative transfer schemes will be vital to improve on our empirical self-shielding threshold. Irrespective of the exact nature of the threshold we find that while the atomic hydrogen mass function evolves only mildly from redshift two to zero, the molecular hydrogen mass function increases with increasing redshift, especially at the high-mass end. Interestingly, the weak evolution of the neutral hydrogen mass function is insensitive to the feedback scheme utilised, but the opposite is true for the molecular gas, which is more closely associated with the star formation in the simulations.
description: 22 pages, 12 figures (4 figures in appendix). Accepted for publication in MNRAS, minor text changes
title: Mobile and Non-mobile Higher Education Students' Requests and Refusals in English: Does Academic Mobility Influence Turkish Students' Pragmatic Performance in Intercultural Communication?
Creators: name: Aba Poulos, Diler
name: Smits, Tom F. H.
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Darmstadt
Year: 2023

description: This study compared mobile and non-mobile Turkish higher education students’ written requests and refusals in English from the perspectives of modification, (in)directness and politeness. The goal was to examine the relationship between academic mobility and speech act production for intercultural communication. For the analysis of the request data, Halupka-Resetar’s (2014) taxonomy of request modification was employed. For the refusal data, Beebe et al.’s (1990) classification of refusals was utilized. T-test and Anova tests were conducted for comparative purposes. The quantitative results were supported qualitatively by evaluating the results according to contextual variables specific in each interaction. Results showed that academic mobility has a positive influence on students’ refusals by increasing their skills in indirectness and politeness.
Modeling of Mixed Decision Making Process
Creators: name: Yahia, Nesrine Ben
name: Bellamine, Narjès
name: Ghezala, Henda Ben
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Decision making whenever and wherever it is happened is key to organizations success. In order to make correct decision, individuals, teams and organizations need both knowledge management (to manage content) and collaboration (to manage group processes) to make that more effective and efficient. In this paper, we explain the knowledge management and collaboration convergence. Then, we propose a formal description of mixed and multimodal decision making (MDM) process where decision may be made by three possible modes: individual, collective or hybrid. Finally, we explicit the MDM process based on UML-G profile.
description: Keywords-collaborative knowledge management; mixed decision making; dynamicity of actors; UML-G
Optimizing Recurrent Pulsing Attacks using Application-Layer Amplification of Open DNS Resolvers
Creators: name: Bushart, Jonas
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2023

description: Shrew attacks or pulsing attacks are low-bandwidth network-level/layer-3 denial-of-service attacks. They target TCP connections by selectively inducing packet loss to affect latency and throughput. We combine the recently presented DNS CNAME-chaining attack with temporal lensing, a variant of pulsing attacks, to create a new, harder to block attack. For an attack, thousands of DNS resolvers have to be coordinated. We devise an optimization problem to find the perfect attack and solve it by using a genetic algorithm. The results show pulses created with our attack are 14 times higher than the attacker’s average bandwidth. Finally, we present countermeasures applicable to pulsing and CNAME-chaining, which also apply to this attack.
The Role of NLRP3 in Shiga toxin Induced Inflammation
Creators: name: Bondzi-Simpson, Nana Adom
Publisher: name: Cumming School of Medicine
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) is a pathogen that causes severe colitis. Shiga toxins (Stx) are a major virulence factor for EHEC and Stx-induced inflammation and cell death play a critical role in the development of EHEC-related disease. Therefore, the goal of this project was to examine the mechanisms by which Stx activates proinflammatory cytokine IL-1β and cell death in human macrophages. Stx induced ROS-dependent IL-1β secretion and pyroptosis in human THP-1 macrophages but not murine macrophages that lacked the Stx receptor CD77. Stx triggered the assembly of NLRP3, ASC and caspase-1 containing inflammasomes and genetic deletion of NLRP3 abolished Stx-induced IL-1β maturation and pyroptosis. Stx preferentially induced expression the endoplasmic reticulum stress receptor IRE1α. Pharmacological inhibition of IRE1α significantly reduced Stx-induced mitochondrial ROS production, IL-1β, and pyroptosis. These data suggest that Stx activate the IRE1α arm of the ER stress pathway upstream of mitochondrial ROS to trigger the NLRP3 inflammasome.
Quantum Metrology Triangle Experiments: A Status Review
Creators: name: Scherer, Hansjörg
name: Camarota, Benedetta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum Metrology Triangle experiments combine three quantum electrical effects (the Josephson effect, the quantum Hall effect and the single-electron transport effect) used in metrology. These experiments allow important fundamental consistency tests on the validity of commonly assumed relations between fundamental constants of nature and the quantum electrical effects. This paper reviews the history, results and the present status and perspectives of Quantum Metrology Triangle experiments. It also reflects on the possible implications of results for the knowledge on fundamental constants and the quantum electrical effects.
description: 36 pages, 8 figures
Electronic Structure of New Multiple Band Pt-Pnictide Superconductors APt3P
Creators: name: Nekrasov, I. A.
name: Sadovskii, M. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report LDA calculated band structure, densities of states and Fermi surfaces for recently discovered Pt-pnictide superconductors APt3P (A=Ca,Sr,La), confirming their multiple band nature. Electronic structure is essentially three dimensional, in contrast to Fe pnictides and chalcogenides. LDA calculated Sommerfeld coefficient agrees rather well with experimental data, leaving little space for very strong coupling superconductivity, suggested by experimental data on specific heat of SrPt3P. Elementary estimates show, that the values of critical temperature can be explained by rather weak or moderately strong coupling, while the decrease of superconducting transition temperature Tc from Sr to La compound can be explained by corresponding decrease of total density of states at the Fermi level N(E_F). The shape of the density of states near the Fermi level suggests that in SrPt3P electron doping (such as replacement Sr by La) decreases N(E_F) and Tc, while hole doping (e.g. partial replacement of Sr with K, Rb or Cs, if possible) would increase N(E_F) and possibly Tc.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
Graduate Recitals
Creators: name: Beckman, Thomas R.L
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Graduate Recital in April of 2009 constituted 75 minutes of solo material for solo viola, and viola and piano. Works performed consisted of J.S Bach’s 4th cello suite (transcribed for viola), a viola sonata by Glinka, then intermission followed by Britten’s Lachrymae, and a sonata for viola and piano by Hindemith. The final Graduate Recital, performed on October 1st of 2010, consisted of J.S Bach’s 1st suite for cello (transcribed for viola), Haydn’s Divertimento for viola and piano, Bruch’s Kol Nidrei and the viola sonata by Shostakovich. Both recitals reflect a wide range of styles varying from Baroque in the 17th Century to Romantic in the 19th, to the modem period with Shostakovich’s profoundly reflective viola work in the late 20th Century. The music presented in both recitals was chosen for its soloistic flare and intellectual reflection, and served ideally for the demonstration of a finely tuned technique with regard to rhythm, intonation, tone production and musical interpretation.
On Ends-to-Ends Encryption: Asynchronous Group Messaging with Strong Security Guarantees
Creators: name: Cohn-Gordon, Katriel
name: Cremers, Cas
name: Garratt, Luke
name: Millican, Jon
name: Milnber, Kevin
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2023

description: In the past few years secure messaging has become mainstream, with over a billion active users of end-to-end encryption protocols such as Signal. The Signal Protocol provides a strong property called post-compromise security to its users. However, it turns out that many of its implementations provide, without notification, a weaker property for group messaging: an adversary who compromises a single group member can read and inject messages indefinitely. We show for the first time that post-compromise security can be achieved in realistic, asynchronous group messaging systems. We present a design called Asynchronous Ratcheting Trees (ART), which uses tree-based Diffie-Hellman key exchange to allow a group of users to derive a shared symmetric key even if no two are ever online at the same time. ART scales to groups containing thousands of members, while still providing provable security guarantees. It has seen significant interest from industry, and forms the basis for two draft IETF RFCs and a chartered working group. Our results show that strong security guarantees for group messaging are practically achievable in a modern setting.
MPEC 2023-W149 : EIGHT NEW TNOS
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: EIGHT NEW TNOS

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
A Symbolic Algorithm for Lazy Synthesis of Eager Strategies
Creators: name: Jacobs, Swen
name: Sakr, Mouhammad
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2023

description: We present an algorithm for solving two-player safety games that combines a mixed forward/backward search strategy with a symbolic representation of the state space. By combining forward and backward exploration, our algorithm can synthesize strategies that are eager in the sense that they try to prevent progress towards the error states as soon as possible, whereas standard backwards algorithms often produce permissive solutions that only react when absolutely necessary. We provide experimental results for two new sets of benchmarks, as well as the benchmark set of the Reactive Synthesis Competition (SYNTCOMP) 2017. The results show that our algorithm in many cases produces more eager strategies than a standard backwards algorithm, and solves a number of benchmarks that are intractable for existing tools. Finally, we observe a connection between our algorithm and a recently proposed algorithm for the synthesis of controllers that are robust against disturbances, pointing to possible future applications.
UrbanFarm2019 Book Finale Challenge
Creators: name: Orsini, Francesco
name: Pennisi, Giuseppina
name: D'Ostuni, Michele
name: Paoletti, Mattia
name: Steffan, Gloria
name: Kratochvilova, Denisa
name: D'Alessandro, Andrea
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2019
Subjects: AGR/02 Agronomia e coltivazioni erbacee

description: The book includes the summaries of the projects selected for the grand finale event of the international student competition UrbanFarm2019 and selected interviews with the international jury of the challenge.
The consistency condition for the three-point function in dissipative single-clock inflation
Creators: name: Nacir, Diana Lopez
name: Porto, Rafael A.
name: Zaldarriaga, Matias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We generalize the consistency condition for the three-point function in single field inflation to the case of dissipative, multi-field, single-clock models. We use the recently introduced extension of the effective field theory of inflation that accounts for dissipative effects, to provide an explicit proof to leading (non-trivial) order in the generalized slow roll parameters and mixing with gravity scales. Our results illustrate the conditions necessary for the validity of the consistency relation in situations with many degrees of freedom relevant during inflation, namely that there is a preferred clock. Departures from this condition in forthcoming experiments would rule out not only single field but also a large class of multi-field models.
description: 26+11 pages