cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Viability of a Specific Policy Framework for the Canary Islands, Considering the Solar Photovoltaic Energy as a Sustainable Power Source
Creators: name: Montes, C.
name: Linares, A.
name: Llarena, E.
name: González, O.
name: Molina, D.
name: Pío, A.
name: Friend, M.
name: Cendagorta, M.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: PV - a Major Electricity Source
Markets

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 4517-4519
description: In the Canary Islands, a Spanish archipelago of seven islands located close to the Western Sahara coast,
there are six different and independent electric systems. Over 96% of the power is provided by fossil fuel generation,
mainly in power plants which use fuel-oil and diesel-oil. As a result of that, the costs of energy generation in the
islands are considerably higher than in mainland Spain, approximately 375% higher. However, the electric tariffs
applied in the Canary Islands are the same as for the rest of the country, generating a tariff deficit, which is
compensated by public funds. Because of the peculiarity of these electrical subsystems and the current state of
development of renewable technologies, it is possible to obtain a reduction in electricity generation costs through an
appropriate and specific energy policy for the Canaries. At present, after the publication of the Royal Decree-Law
1/2012, of January 27, the national renewable energy incentive-tariff system has been suspended, affecting
significantly the development of this kind of installations within the archipelago. The present study analyzes the
feasibility of a specific remuneration framework for the Canaries, with the aim of encouraging the development of
grid-connected solar photovoltaic installations, both for sale and for self-consumption, taking into account current
production costs of the technology and also conventional production costs.
Softening of the stiffness of bottlebrush polymers by mutual interaction
Creators: name: Bolisetty, S.
name: Airaud, C.
name: Xu, Y.
name: Mueller, A. H. E.
name: Harnau, L.
name: Rosenfeldt, S.
name: Lindner, P.
name: Ballauff, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study bottlebrush macromolecules in a good solvent by small-angle neutron scattering (SANS), static light scattering (SLS), and dynamic light scattering (DLS). These polymers consist of a linear backbone to which long side chains are chemically grafted. The backbone contains about 1600 monomer units (weight average) and every second monomer unit carries side-chains with ca. 60 monomer units. The SLS- and SANS data extrapolated to infinite dilution lead to the form factor of the polymer that can be described in terms of a worm-like chain with a contour length of 380 nm and a persistence length of 17.5 nm. An analysis of the DLS data confirm these model parameters. The scattering intensities taken at finite concentration can be modeled using the polymer reference interaction site model. It reveals a softening of the bottlebrush polymers caused by their mutual interaction. We demonstrate that the persistence decreases from 17.5 nm down to 5 nm upon increasing the concentration from dilute solution to the highest concentration 40.59 g/l under consideration. The observed softening of the chains is comparable to the theoretically predicted decrease of the electrostatic persistence length of linear polyelectrolyte chains at finite concentrations.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Transparent Wide-Band Polymers for Silicon Solar Cells with TCO Layers
Creators: name: Chebotareva, A.B.
name: Untila, G.G.
name: Kost, T.
name: Lachinov, A.N.
name: Kornilov, V.M.
name: Salazkin, S.N.
name: Shaposhnikova, V.V.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Material Studies, New Concepts and Ultra-High Efficiency
New Materials, Cells and Modules

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 344-348
description: Transparent wide-band polymers are used to attach current collecting grid of wire to antireflection
TCO (Transparent Conducting Oxide) layer on silicon solar cell surface in Laminated Grid Solar Cell construction.
Pressure-induced transition from dielectric into a high-conductivity state in thin polymer layer appears after low
temperature lamination step. The polymer layer provides good cross conductivity, but having dielectric properties in
the longitudinal direction. In the present work, the synthesis and study of conducting transparent thermoplasts,
copoly(arylene ether ketones) (co-PAEKs), with different concentrations of phthalide-containing homopolymers were
performed. Variation of the homopolymers ratio in co-PAEKs permitted the change of electronic structure and
physical properties of the thermoplasts. Thermo mechanical curves were measured to determine the softening points
and optimal curing temperatures of the copolymers. Co-PAEKs (VS169, VS170) provided good transparency in the
range of 380÷1100 nm (T >87% for 15 μm films) and low contact resistivity (< 0.8 mΩcm2) in the system
TCO/Polymer film/Metal, measured on test structures Si-substrate/TCO(IFO, ITO)/polymer film/copper wire. High
softening point of thermoplastics (> 1500С) makes it possible to do additional encapsulation of LGCells with EVA
and glass without any detriment to the previously formed TCO/polymer/wire contact.
Fractional charge perspective on the band-gap in density-functional theory
Creators: name: Cohen, Aron J.
name: Mori-Sánchez, Paula
name: Yang, Weitao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The calculation of the band-gap by density-functional theory (DFT) methods is examined by considering the behavior of the energy as a function of number of electrons. It is found that the incorrect band-gap prediction with most approximate functionals originates mainly from errors in describing systems with fractional charges. Formulas for the energy derivatives with respect to number of electrons are derived which clarify the role of optimized effective potentials in prediction of the band-gap. Calculations with a recent functional that has much improved behavior for fractional charges give a good prediction of the energy gap and also $ε_{\rm homo}\simeq-I$ for finite systems. Our results indicate it is possible, within DFT, to have a functional whose eigenvalues or derivatives accurately predict the band-gap.
Additional file 8 of CircASXL1 knockdown represses the progression of colorectal cancer by downregulating GRIK3 expression by sponging miR-1205
Creators: name: Fang, Guojiu
name: Wu, Yibin
name: Zhang, Xueli
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 8: Table S1. The sequences of primers and oligonucleotides used in this study.
Decoherence in dc SQUID phase qubits
Creators: name: Paik, Hanhee
name: Dutta, S. K.
name: Lewis, R. M.
name: Palomaki, T. A.
name: Cooper, B. K.
name: Ramos, R. C.
name: Xu, H.
name: Dragt, A. J.
name: Anderson, J. R.
name: Lobb, C. J.
name: Wellstood, F. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report measurements of Rabi oscillations and spectroscopic coherence times in an Al/AlOx/Al and three Nb/AlOx/Nb dc SQUID phase qubits. One junction of the SQUID acts as a phase qubit and the other junction acts as a current-controlled nonlinear isolating inductor, allowing us to change the coupling to the current bias leads in situ by an order of magnitude. We found that for the Al qubit a spectroscopic coherence time T2* varied from 3 to 7 ns and the decay envelope of Rabi oscillations had a time constant T' = 25 ns on average at 80 mK. The three Nb devices also showed T2* in the range of 4 to 6 ns, but T' was 9 to 15 ns, just about 1/2 the value we found in the Al device. For all the devices, the time constants were roughly independent of the isolation from the bias lines, implying that noise and dissipation from the bias leads were not the principal sources of dephasing and inhomogeneous broadening.
description: 5 figures. Accepted to Physical Review B
ISFOC CPV Hybrid System First Year of Operation and Improvements
Creators: name: Trujillo, P.J.
name: Alamillo, C.
name: Martínez, M.
name: De La Rubia, O.
name: Rubio Berenguel, F.
name: Masa-Bote, D.
name: Castillo-Cagigal, M.
name: Matallanas, E.
name: Caamaño-Martín, E.
name: Gutiérrez, A.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: PV Systems
Off-grid Applications

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 4306-4315
description: A PhotoVoltaic (PV) hybrid system combines PV with other forms of electricity generation, usually a
diesel generator. However, a concentrating PhotoVoltaic (CPV) hybrid system substitutes the PV generator for a CPV
generator. The system presented in this paper uses CPV as the main generator in combination with a storage system
and the grid. The system obtains energy form the CPV and storage system on normal usage. If this energy is not
enough, the system takes energy from the grid, which acts as a backup power supply. The load of the system consists
of an air conditioning system of an office building. This paper presents the results obtained from the first months of
operation of the CPV Hybrid System installed at Instituto de Sistemas Fotovoltaios de Concentración (ISFOC)
facilities together with exhaustive simulations in order to model the system behaviour and be able to improve the selfconsumption
ratio and the life of the batteries.
Loss Analysis in Luminescent Sheet Concentrators: Quantitative Modeling
Creators: name: Proise, F.
name: Joudrier, A.L.
name: Pelouard, J.-L.
name: Guillemoles, J.F.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Material Studies, New Concepts and Ultra-High Efficiency
Terrestrial Concentrator Systems

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 274-276
description: Thermodynamic limits of luminescent sheet concentrators are 3 order of magnitude higher than record
devices made up to now. This paper aims at understanding why there is such a gap. Computational modeling enables
to distinguish loss mechanisms, determine their respective weight and to correlate them to physical parameters, such
as the coverage fraction. We show that in an ideal system, a degradation of 1% of one parameter could lead to a
concentration factor drop of more than 97%. Moreover, the high interdependency of loss mechanisms has been
studied in some cases. Explanations can be found studying statistical data we call Mean Basic Occurrence Event.
SUSY Breaking at the Tip of Throat and Mirage Mediation
Creators: name: Choi, Kiwoon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss some features of supersymmetry breaking induced by a brane-localized source which is stabilized at the IR end of warped throat, and also the resulting mirage mediation pattern of soft terms of the visible fields which are localized in the bulk space corresponding to the UV end of throat. Such supersymmetry breaking scheme can be naturally realized in KKLT-type string compactification, and predicts highly distinctive pattern of low energy superparticle masses which might be tested at the LHC.
description: 13 pages, few typos are corrected, to appear at the proceedings of From Strings To LHC, Jan. 2007, Goa, India
Advanced Large Area Characterization of Thin-Film Solar Modules Using Electroluminescence and Thermography Imaging Techniques
Creators: name: Gerber, A.
name: Tran, T.M.H.
name: Pieters, B.E.
name: Siegloch, M.
name: Ulbrich, C.
name: Rau, U.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Material Studies, New Concepts and Ultra-High Efficiency
Fundamental Material Studies

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 476-481
description: This paper shows that the combination of both dark lock-in thermography (DLIT) and
electroluminescence (EL) imaging techniques is especially suitable for in-depth failure analysis of industrial
Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS) modules and for the quantitative analysis of the local electrical cell properties, such as the
internal junction voltage or the series resistances of the front and rear contact. First results obtained for amorphous
silicon (a-Si:H) based thin film solar modules reveal that the EL analysis method is applicable to amorphous silicon
technology as well. Using the consistent modeling of EL and DLIT images using a SPICE based model with input
data generated from EL and DLIT measurements, we demonstrate that we can obtain properties of solar modules like
the spatial voltage distribution, the resistances of the front contact, the back contact and the shunt resistance of local
defects. Thus, we are able to investigate the impact of defects within a solar module under various conditions.
Inline Microwave-Excited Plasma Deposition of Thin Amorphous Silicon Layers
Creators: name: Jeurink, J.
name: Von Morzé, N.
name: Hofmann, M.
name: Kroely, L.
name: Rentsch, J.
name: Preu, R.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1761-1765
description: Intrinsic hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H(i)) passivation layers with a thickness < 7 nm were
deposited by an industrial scale inline deposition technique with a very high dynamic deposition rate of around
35 nm*m/min. An implied open circuit voltage near an injection level of one sun of 714 mV on flat mono-crystalline
silicon wafers was achieved. The a-Si:H(i) layers were characterized by spectral ellipsometry, infra-red spectroscopy
and the quasi-steady-state-photo-conductance method. The highest passivation quality for the inline microwave
excited plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (MW-PECVD) of a-Si:H(i) layers was achieved at deposition
temperatures of 325 - 350 °C. Due to the high deposition temperature no additional annealing is necessary to improve
the passivation quality. The layer roughness and the band gap of the deposited a-Si:H(i) layers decrease, as well as
the Si-H2 concentration with an increased deposition temperature. A hydrogen dilution of the deposition plasma can
be advantageous for the passivation quality of a-Si:H(i) layers at lower temperatures, but detrimental for higher
temperatures. Furthermore, a hydrogen dilution was obtained as a method to change the band gap and the surface
roughness of the deposited a-Si:H(i) layers. The growth dynamic of the inline deposited a-Si:H(i) layers was studied
and a formation of silicon di-hydrid was found to build the initial layer of growing a-Si:H(i) films, as already
observed for static deposited a-Si:H(i) in the literature earlier. The inline deposition of these thin a-Si:H(i) layers is
the first step to produce silicon heterojunction solar cells by a complete inline process.
Effect of Wire Lifetime in Diamond Wire Wafering on the Wafer Roughness and Mechanical Strength
Creators: name: Jaeggi, C.
name: DeMeyer, C.
name: Wiedmer, F.
name: Stierli, R.
name: Simoncic, P.
name: Assi, F.
name: Wasmer, K.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Feedstock, Crystallisation and Wafering

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1054-1059
description: Diamond wire wafering is considered to be the emerging technology for substituting SiC free abrasive
slurry based technology for the cutting of monocrystalline silicon. This technology has attracted a large attention in
recent years as it promises higher throughput, simpler processes and reduced production costs. Most investigations
focused on the fundamental understanding of diamond wire cutting processes and its impact on the material
properties e.g. wafers strength and surface topography. At present, very little is known about the effects of wire wear
on the mechanical strength and the surface quality of produced wafers and thus on the wire lifetime. In the present
study, results are shown from an initial experimental set up aimed at gaining knowledge about the effect of diamond
wear and diamond wire type on the cutting behavior of silicon as well as the produced wafer quality. By slicing
through three bricks in three consecutive cuts using the same wire, wafers were created with different conditions of
wire wear. In this study, we looked at the impact of this wear to the mechanical strength and surface roughness of
these wafers for wires from two suppliers. It was found that although the diamonds showed evident wear, no
significant impact can be measured on the wafer strength as well as the wafer surface morphology for both studied
wires.
Micro Defects Analyses of Multicrystalline Silicon Solar Cells
Creators: name: Tayyib, M.
name: Sætre, T.O.
name: Odden, J.O.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Characterization and Modelling

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1384-1388
description: It is important to fully understand the physical behavior of solar cells made by materials from alternative
process routes. Solar cells from Elkem Solar Grade Silicon and standard polysilicon have been invested with light beam
induced current (LBIC) and electroluminescence imaging. The low efficiency regions have been further analyzed by
Scanning Electron Microscopy under different imaging modes. It was found that cell regions of low performance had
undergone plastic deformations resulting in the creation of crystalline defects appearing as subgrain patterns. Similar
patterns were observed in both ESS™ and standard polysilicon.
Selective Emitter Process for Multicrystalline Silicon Solar Cells by Screen Printing with Only One POCl3 Diffusion
Creators: name: Rudolph, D.
name: Díaz-Pérez, P.
name: Peter, K.
name: Meijer, A.
name: Doll, O.
name: Stockum, W.
name: Köhler, I.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1508-1511
description: A simple selective emitter process for silicon solar cells is presented in this work. The highly doped
POCl3 diffused emitter of a multicrystalline solar cell is structured by screen printing of an etching paste, developed
by Merck KGaA. The emitter is etched back to a sheet resistivity of around 100 Ω/sq in the main part of the cell area.
The emitter regions below the later metallization fingers remain n++ doped. For this technical approach only one
diffusion step is necessary. After optimisation of the screen layout a fill factor of 79.5% has been achieved while the
short circuit current remains high. Up to now a gain in Voc of 4 to 5 mV and a gain in Jsc of 0.5 mA/cm2 is possible on
multicrystalline wafers in comparison to cells with a homogeneous 65 Ω/sq emitter. The cell efficiency is therefore
about 0.45% absolute higher.
Cyclic Straining and Stress Analyses of Multicrystaline Silicon Solar Cells
Creators: name: Tayyib, M.
name: Sætre, T.O.
name: Odden, J.O.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Characterization and Modelling

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1389-1393
description: Cracking of solar cells has been one of the main reasons for failure and rejection. It is therefore
important to determine the mechanical properties of solar cells for evaluating the cracking root cause. Solar cells and
wafers have in the present work undergone cyclic loads and fracture tests using standard mechanical testing methods;
three points bend test and four points shear test. The performances of bare solar cells have been investigated by
electroluminescence images and IV characteristics from sun simulator. Furthermore, the fracture strengths of the
solar cells and wafers are calculated from breaking tests and the fractured cross sectional surface areas have been
inspected by scanning electron microscopy.
Integrating out the Dirac sea: Effective field theory approach to exactly solvable four-fermion models
Creators: name: Karbstein, Felix
name: Thies, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use 1+1 dimensional large N Gross-Neveu models as a laboratory to derive microscopically effective Lagrangians for positive energy fermions only. When applied to baryons, the Euler-Lagrange equation for these effective theories assumes the form of a non-linear Dirac equation. Its solution reproduces the full semi-classical results including the Dirac sea to any desired accuracy. Dynamical effects from the Dirac sea are encoded in higher order derivative terms and multi-fermion interactions with perturbatively calculable, finite coefficients. Characteristic differences between models with discrete and continuous chiral symmetry are observed and clarified.
description: 13 pages, 11 figures; v2: typos corrected (Eqs. 4 and 44)
Development of Electroheating Processes for Crystalline Silicon PV Recycling: Preliminary Results
Creators: name: Doni, A.
name: Dughiero, F.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: PV - a Major Electricity Source
Sustainability Aspects

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 4649-4652
description: The increasing amount of photovoltaic modules installed worldwide, together with the requests by the
public opinion for electrical energy production technologies with near-zero environmental impact, are the main
reasons that push researchers and industries to intensively work on making solar energy more environmental friendly.
The growing awareness concerning the importance of waste reduction from every human activity has been the trigger
that made many research group starting studies on the development of recycling systems for photovoltaic modules.
The application of an electrothermal heating process, based on radio-frequency heating, has been developed at
University of Padova for the separation of recyclable materials from end-of-life crystalline silicon photovoltaic
modules. The preliminary results of the first tests, conducted on small scale samples and full scale solar modules, for
the separation of glass from end-of-life multi-crystalline solar modules are presented in this paper.
Volume Laws for Boxed Plane Partitions and Area Laws for Ferrers Diagrams
Creators: name: Schwerdtfeger, Uwe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05A16; 60C05

description: We asymptotically analyse the volume-random variables of general, symmetric and cyclically symmetric plane partitions fitting inside a box. We consider the respective symmetry class equipped with the uniform distribution. We also prove area limit laws for two ensembles of Ferrers diagrams. Most of the limit laws are Gaussian.
description: 9 pages, 1 figure, published in proceedings of the Fifth Colloquium on Mathematics and Computer Science
Three-Dimensional Two-Pion Emission Source at SPS: Extraction of Source Breakup Time and Emission Duration
Creators: name: Chung, P.
name: Danielewicz, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A model-independent, three-dimensional source function for pion pairs has been extracted from Pb+Pb collisions at $\sqrt s_{NN}=17.3$ AGeV. The extracted sourc e exhibits long-range non-Gaussian tails in the directions of the pion-pair net transverse-momentum and of the beam. Comparison with the Therminator model allow s for an extraction of the pion source proper breakup time and of emission durat ion in the collisions.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures, Workshop on Relativistic Nuclear Physics: from Nuclotron to LHC energies, Kiev, Ukraine, June 18-22, 2007
Overview on Recent Improvement for Industrially Applicable PERL-Type Si Solar Cell Processing
Creators: name: Horzel, J.
name: Choulat, P.
name: Cornagliotti, E.
name: Janssens, T.
name: John, J.
name: Kuzma-Filipek, I.
name: Prajapati, V.
name: Rothschild, A.
name: Russell, R.
name: Singh, S.
name: Sleeckx, E.
name: Tous, L.
name: Uruena, A.
name: Vermang, B.
name: Ngamo, M.
name: Jaffrennou, P.
name: Penaud, J.
name: Duerinckx, F.
name: Cacciato, A.
name: Poortmans, J.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1602-1606
description: An industrially applicable process flow for the formation of rear side passivated solar cells has been suggested by IMEC in 2005. Since then considerable improvements in solar cell efficiencies have been obtained with that type of process. In parallel simplifications and cost reductions were needed to bring it to production. IMEC’s Industrial Affiliate Programme (IIAP) offers industrial partners the possibility to actively join development efforts with IMEC and other partners sending residents to work at IMEC as part of a research team. Selected development results of this IIAP are presented here. On large area homogeneous emitter CZ-Si solar cells FhG-SE Cal-Lab confirmed solar cell efficiencies of 20.0 and 20.3% for screen printed Ag and reliable plated Cu
front contacts, respectively. Fill factors of 80% have been achieved for fully screen printed (front and rear) solar cells
with low cost rear side dielectric stack layers. Cu plated contacts show reliable module data in IEC test conditions. Latest results with average solar cell efficiencies of 20.4% over the length of a CZ-Si ingot with top efficiencies of 20.6% are just an intermediate step. IMEC sees a road to >21% efficient i-PERL solar cells in production.
Two Laser and Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry of Lithium Ion Batteries and Small Molecule Drugs
Creators: name: Zagorac, Teodora
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2024

description: Mass Spectrometry (MS) imaging is widely used to create chemical maps and/or depth profiles of a wide range of biological and synthetic samples, including electronic devices. Picosecond laser desorption photoionization mass spectrometry (ps-LDPI-MS) offers the potential for improved and complementary analysis of molecular species compared to established MS imaging methods like time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS). Operation of the home-built ps-LDPI-MS instrument is described along with further developments including introduction of a pulsed valve and a photoelectron-based strategy to improve postionization of laser desorbed neutrals. The ps-LDPI-MS instrument is used to analyze four imipramine class tricyclic antidepressants. Molecular and fragment ion signals for all four compounds are compared to electron impact mass spectral libraries, but ps-LDPI-MS displayed much higher molecular ion signal. A pivot is then made to the use of a commercial ToF-SIMS instrument for the analysis of candidate solid state electrolytes that are under development for improved lithium-ion batteries. ToF-SIMS visualized metallic lithium distribution with respect to ceramic fibers and composite polymer electrolyte. The 3D imaging and depth profiling capabilities are also applied to several other types of candidate solid electrolytes to explore the structure and chemistry of their solid electrode-electrolyte interface. Finally, ToF-SIMS is compared to a new photoelectron-based ionization strategy in ps-LDPI-MS for the analysis of the solid electrode-electrolyte interface modified by a novel lithium-ion salt.
Challenges of the Multi Wire Sawing Process for Thin Wafers below 120 µm Thickness
Creators: name: Weber, B.
name: Riepe, S.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Feedstock, Crystallisation and Wafering

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1060-1063
description: The photovoltaic sector is still dominated by silicon solar cells based on wafers cut by multi wire saws with
slurry based on silicon carbide. The thinner the wafer and the wire get, the more important are the influence of the sawing
processes in neighbouring sawing channels on wafer geometry and the wire wear which indicates the safety margin
against rupture. The purpose of this work is to investigate the limitations of wire sawing of wafers below 120 μm
thickness by analysis of local thickness distribution of the wafers and the wire wear during the sawing process. The
results of detailed wafer thickness measurements show a significant influence of the sawing processes in neighbouring
channels on wafer geometry. Tensile tests of new and used wires show that the wire breakage force declines with reduced
wire diameter. However, stress-strain analysis shows that the abrasively reduced wire has a similar slope as new wire of
same diameter. The thickness measurements show that the abrasion rate of the wires and the wire loading are dependent
on each other.
Novel Industrial Atmospheric Pressure Dry Texturing Procress for Silicon Solar Cell Improvement
Creators: name: Dresler, B.
name: Köhler, D.
name: Mäder, G.
name: Kaskel, S.
name: Beyer, E.
name: Clochard, L.
name: Duffy, E.
name: Kafle, B.
name: Hofmann, M.
name: Rentsch, J.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1825-1828
description: The front texture of crystalline silicon solar cells plays a crucial role in order to effectively harvest light
and transform it into electricity. In this paper, a novel technology based on dry atmospheric pressure etching is
presented. It allows the single-sided inline etching of c-Si wafers using the global warming potential-free process gas
fluorine (F2). Vast improvements of light trapping are already achieved leading to weighted reflection values below
8% without dielectric anti-reflection coating. The passivation of the relatively rough surfaces can most effectively be
facilitated using ALD-Al2O3 films stacked with PECVD-SiNx layers. The paper presents SEM images of the surface
structures and the basic setup principle of the new production tool.
Structure factor and thermodynamics of rigid dendrimers in solution
Creators: name: Harnau, L.
name: Rosenfeldt, S.
name: Ballauff, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ''polymer reference interaction site model'' (PRISM) integral equation theory is used to determine the structure factor of rigid dendrimers in solution. The theory is quite successful in reproducing experimental structure factors for various dendrimer concentrations. In addition, the structure factor at vanishing scattering vector is calculated via the compressibility equation using scaled particle theory and fundamental measure theory. The results as predicted by both theories are systematically smaller than the experimental and PRISM data for platelike dendrimers.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures, submitted
Influence of Different Post Deposition Treatments on the Passivation Quality and Interface Properties of Thermal ALD Al2O3 Capped by PECVD SiNx
Creators: name: Schuldis, D.
name: Richter, A.
name: Benick, J.
name: Hermle, M.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1933-1937
description: Atomic layer deposited (ALD) Al2O3 provides a high passivation quality on silicon surfaces, in
particular on p- and p+-surfaces. For surface passivation of the base of p-type solar cells and the p+-emitter of n-type
solar cells typically capping layers are required, e.g. SiNx. For such Al2O3/SiNx stacks the thermal stability in respect
to low and high temperature solar cell processes is important.
In this work we present a detailed study of the blistering behavior, the passivation as well as the interface
properties (defect density Dit and effective fixed charge density Qf,eff) of thermal ALD Al2O3 layers capped by an
antireflective SiNx coating as a function of the Al2O3 deposition temperature, the Al2O3 layer thickness and for
different firing and annealing temperatures. The resulting surface recombination velocities are correlated with the Dit
and Qf,eff, obtained with the corona-oxide-characterization-of-semiconductors (COCOS) technique.
Tuberculosis in badgers where the bovine tuberculosis epidemic is expanding in cattle in England.
Creators: name: Swift, Benjamin Michael Connor
name: Barron, Elsa Sandoval
name: Christley, Rob
name: Corbetta, Davide
name: Grau-Roma, Llorenç
name: Jewell, Chris
name: O'Cathail, Colman
name: Mitchell, Andy
name: Phoenix, Jess
name: Prosser, Alison
name: Rees, Catherine
name: Sorley, Marion
name: Verin, Ranieri
name: Bennett, Malcolm
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Article
/631/326
/692/699/255/1856
article

description: Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) is an important animal health and economic problem for the cattle industry and a potential zoonotic threat. Wild badgers (Meles meles) play a role on its epidemiology in some areas of high prevalence in cattle, particularly in the UK and Republic of Ireland and increasingly in parts of mainland Europe. However, little is known about the involvement of badgers in areas on the spatial edge of the cattle epidemic, where increasing prevalence in cattle is seen. Here we report the findings of a study of found-dead (mainly road-killed) badgers in six counties on the edge of the English epidemic of bTB in cattle. The overall prevalence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTC) infection detected in the study area was 51/610 (8.3%, 95% CI 6.4-11%) with the county-level prevalence ranging from 15 to 4-5%. The MTC spoligotypes of recovered from badgers and cattle varied: in the northern part of the study area spoligotype SB0129 predominated in both cattle and badgers, but elsewhere there was a much wider range of spoligotypes found in badgers than in cattle, in which infection was mostly with the regional cattle spoligotype. The low prevalence of MTC in badgers in much of the study area, and, relative to in cattle, the lower density of sampling, make firm conclusions difficult to draw. However, with the exception of Cheshire (north-west of the study area), little evidence was found to link the expansion of the bTB epidemic in cattle in England to widespread badger infection.
Retrieve Monthly Averages of Ambient Air Temperature Daily Profile from Satellite-Derived Land Surface Temperature Data for Sizing Off-Grid PV Systems in Djibouti's Arid Climate
Creators: name: Pillot, B.
name: Muselli, M.
name: Poggi, P.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: PV Systems
Off-grid Applications

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 4249-4253
description: As many other governments of sub-Saharan Africa, the Republic of Djibouti has focused its energy
policy onto renewable power supply utilities. With a 30% electrification rate, a lot of Djiboutian people don’t access
energy easily. Thereby, PV systems could be used for supplying the dispatched remote populations across the
country. If sizing these systems requires estimating the amount of solar energy reaching the surface, the authors think
that ambient air temperature is also a very important critical environment parameter. Indeed, this parameter acts
fundamentally into photovoltaic conversion as well as into battery chemical reactions and, so, interacts with the 2
most important parts of an off-grid PV system by altering its efficiency and lifetime.
This study presents the method we developed to take into consideration this parameter for sizing future off-grid PV
systems in Djibouti.
Ambient temperature was retrieved from 15 minutes Land Surface Temperature (LST) free accessible data, deriving
from Meteosat 9 satellite images and developed by the Land Surface Analysis (LSA), a Satellite Application Facility
(SAF) of the European Organization for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites (EUMETSAT).
Different methods have been developed for retrieving air temperature data from LST. However, the number of
available in situ weather stations and the need of night-time air temperature data incited us to develop and train a 3-
layer feed-forward pattern associator neural network. The input variables were the LST pixel value, the related error
value, the Solar Zenith Angle (SZA) and the year fraction. The output target was the ambient temperature retrieved
by the different local temporary weather stations we have deployed in the country during the year 2010. Furthermore,
in order to overcome the significant lack of LST data and the restricted number of available ground weather stations,
we chose to estimate, in the first instance, monthly averages of ambient air temperature daily profile from nominal
LST data, and smooth the possible extreme values in post processing.
In order to assess performance of the complete process, we used statistical indices Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE)
and Correlation Coefficient (CC). Final results show good robustness of the procedure, which could be generalized to
other arid African developing countries.
Convergence of products of stochastic matrices with positive diagonals and the opinion dynamics background
Creators: name: Lorenz, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We present a convergence result for infinite products of stochastic matrices with positive diagonals. We regard infinity of the product to the left. Such a product converges partly to a fixed matrix if the minimal positive entry of each matrix does not converge too fast to zero and if either zero-entries are symmetric in each matrix or the length of subproducts which reach the maximal achievable connectivity is bounded. Variations of this result have been achieved independently in Lorenz 2005, Moreau 2005 and Hendrickx 2005. We present briefly the opinion dynamics context, discuss the relations to infinite products where infinity is to the right (inhomogeneous Markov processes) and present a small improvement and sketch another.
description: 8 pages, no figures
Branching Fractions for Transitions of psi(2S) to J/psi
Creators: name: CLEO Collaboration
name: Mendez, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report determination of branching fractions for the decays psi(2S) --> h + J/psi, where h=any, pi+pi-, pi0pi0, eta, pi0, and gamma gamma through chi_{c0,1,2}. These measurements use 27M psi(2S) decays produced in e+e- collision data collected with the CLEO detector. The resulting branching fractions and ratios thereof improve upon previously achieved precision in all cases, and in combination with other measurements permit determination of B(chi_cJ --> gamma J/psi) and B(psi(2S) --> light hadrons).
description: 15 pages, available through http://www.lns.cornell.edu/public/CLNS/, published version
High Fill-Factors of Back-Junction Solar Cells without Front Surface Field Diffusion
Creators: name: Ohrdes, T.
name: Römer, U.
name: Larionova, Y.
name: Peibst, R.
name: Altermatt, P.P.
name: Harder, N.-P.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Characterization and Modelling

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 866-869
description: We investigate by numerical simulations the influence of the front surface field (FSF) in highefficiency
interdigitated back contact (IBC) solar cells . It is often found that IBC cells with FSF show higher fill
factors (FF) as compared to cells without FSF. By analyzing the local recombination currents we show that the major
benefit of the FSF for the fill factor of IBC cells is not based on supplying lateral conductivity in the FSF. More
important is that a diffused FSF ensures low level injection conditions at the surface. Recombination in low-level
injection results in a lower ideality factor and therefore in higher FF as compared to recombination in high-level
injection.
Furthermore we show that the diffused FSF can be replaced by a sufficient amount of fixed charges at the surface
without causing a decrease in FF. Fixed negative charges of front-side Al2O3 passivation create in low-injection an
inversion layer at the surface of n-type solar cells and maintain the surface in low-injection even when the bulk enters
high-injection. In addition the absence of the doped region at the front produces less Auger recombination compared
to front sides with FSF. Consequently, Al2O3 front side passivation without FSF enables higher efficiencies compared
to front surfaces with FSF.
Vector Meson Dominance as a first step in a systematic approximation: the pion vector form factor
Creators: name: Masjuan, P.
name: Peris, S.
name: Sanz-Cillero, J. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Pade Approximants can be used to go beyond Vector Meson Dominance in a systematic approximation. We illustrate this fact with the case of the pion vector form factor and extract values for the first two coefficients of its Taylor expansion. Pade Approximants are shown to be a useful and simple tool for incorporating high-energy information, allowing an improved determination of these Taylor coefficients.
description: 13 pages, 7 figures
Multiparametric MRI for assessment of early response to neoadjuvant sunitinib in renal cell carcinoma.
Creators: name: Ursprung, Stephan
name: Priest, Andrew N
name: Zaccagna, Fulvio
name: Qian, Wendi
name: Machin, Andrea
name: Stewart, Grant
name: Warren, Anne
name: Eisen, Tim
name: Welsh, Sarah
name: Gallagher, Ferdia
name: Barrett, Tristan
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021

description: PURPOSE: To detect early response to sunitinib treatment in metastatic clear cell renal cancer (mRCC) using multiparametric MRI. METHOD: Participants with mRCC undergoing pre-surgical sunitinib therapy in the prospective NeoSun clinical trial (EudraCtNo: 2005-004502-82) were imaged before starting treatment, and after 12 days of sunitinib therapy using morphological MRI sequences, advanced diffusion-weighted imaging, measurements of R2* (related to hypoxia) and dynamic contrast-enhanced imaging. Following nephrectomy, participants continued treatment and were followed-up with contrast-enhanced CT. Changes in imaging parameters before and after sunitinib were assessed with the non-parametric Wilcoxon signed-rank test and the log-rank test was used to assess effects on survival. RESULTS: 12 participants fulfilled the inclusion criteria. After 12 days, the solid and necrotic tumor volumes decreased by 28% and 17%, respectively (p = 0.04). However, tumor-volume reduction did not correlate with progression-free or overall survival (PFS/OS). Sunitinib therapy resulted in a reduction in median solid tumor diffusivity D from 1298x10-6 to 1200x10-6mm2/s (p = 0.03); a larger decrease was associated with a better RECIST response (p = 0.02) and longer PFS (p = 0.03) on the log-rank test. An increase in R2* from 19 to 28s-1 (p = 0.001) was observed, paralleled by a decrease in Ktrans from 0.415 to 0.305min-1 (p = 0.01) and a decrease in perfusion fraction from 0.34 to 0.19 (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Physiological imaging confirmed efficacy of the anti-angiogenic agent 12 days after initiating therapy and demonstrated response to treatment. The change in diffusivity shortly after starting pre-surgical sunitinib correlated to PFS in mRCC undergoing nephrectomy, however, no parameter predicted OS. TRIAL REGISTRATION: EudraCtNo: 2005-004502-82.
Time-dependent coherent squeezed states in a nonunitary approach
Creators: name: Pereira, A. S.
name: Lemos, A. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we have applied the integrals of motion method in a nonunitary approach and so obtained the time-dependent displacement and squeezed parameters of the coherent squeezed states (CSS). On its turn, CSS for one-dimensional systems with general time-dependent quadratic Hamiltonian are constructed. We discuss the properties of these states, in particular, minimization of uncertainty relation and transition probabilities. As an application, we calculate the CSS of an oscillator with a time-dependent frequency and shown that the solution can be obtained from these well-known Mathieu's equation.
description: 18 pages, 2 figures
Arterial baroreceptor control of the circulation during forced dives in ducks (Anas Platyrhynchos var.)
Creators: name: Smith, Frank Melvin
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: When dabbling ducks are involuntarily submerged, arterial vasoconstriction produces a large increase in the peripheral resistance to blood flow which is balanced by a decrease in output of the heart, and arterial blood pressure is maintained. Arterial baroreceptors sense systemic blood pressure, and provide the afferent information to the baroreflex for pressure regulation. The effector limbs of the baroreflex are the same as those involved in the diving responses, and the baroreceptors are likely to be important in the integration of the cardiovascular responses to diving. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of the arterial baroreceptors in maintaining blood pressure during diving, and in the initiation and maintenance of the diving responses. Baroreceptor function was studied by diving ducks at various times after barodenervation, and by electrically stimulating the central end of one baroreceptor nerve in baroreceptor-denervated animals to simulate a controlled baroreceptor input before and during submersion. Intact baroreceptor innervation was not necessary for the development of peripheral vasoconstriction, but loss of the baroreceptors modified the cardiac response to submersion by impairing the vagally mediated bradycardia. There was no effect of baroreceptor nerve stimulation on peripheral resistance during diving, and the baroreflex operated via the heart rate in modulating blood pressure early in the dive. Later in the dive, stimulation was ineffective in altering either heart rate or blood pressue. Strong chemoreceptor drive results from decreased blood oxygen and increased carbon dioxide levels in the dive, and the results of experiments to determine the mechanism of baroreflex attenuation showed that an interaction between chemoreceptor and baroreceptor inputs may be at least partly responsible for reducing baroreflex effectiveness. The main conclusion from this work is that the arterial baroreceptors contribute to the diving responses through modulation of heart rate, to help balance the fall in cardiac output against the baroreceptor-independent peripheral vasoconstriction in the first minute of forced dives.