cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Conference program: AGU hydrology days 2015
title: Hydrology days 2015
titleType: AlternativeTitle
title: AGU hydrology days 2015
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: American Geophysical Union, Author
name: Colorado State University, Author
name: Colorado State University, Publisher
Publisher: name: Mountain Scholar
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Hydrology -- Congresses

description: Program of 2015 annual AGU hydrology days held at Colorado State University on March 23-March 25, 2015.
title: Implementation of an institutional protocol for the communication of urgent and unexpected findings in the Radiology Department. Specific approach to cancer-related findings.
Creators: name: Viteri Jusué, Ainhoa
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Not applicable
subject: Not applicable
subject: Cancer
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: RIS
subject: Oncology
subject: Management
subject: Emergency
subject: Oncologic Imaging

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: To develop and implement an institutional protocol for the communication of urgent and unexpected findings in the Radiology Department of our University Hospital. To present the elaboration process, the protocol itself and some illustrative cases on...
Interface: urban gathering spaces and the plus 15
Creators: name: Brookes, W. Jared
Publisher: name: Environmental Design
Year: 2011

description: Bibliography: p. 100-109
description: The challenge of the modern world is not too little information, but too much of it. This Master's Degree Project looks at the design of public spaces in the context of the winter city. In particular, it focuses on the Calgary Plus 15 network, and outlines a process for improving the system. Beginning with a look at the topic of public space and using the Plus 15 system as an example of an evolving and growing form of public space, a strategy for analysis is generated. Six categories of core elements for the creation of successful public spaces are developed - forming a framework for analysis. Next, the project looks at the inter-relation between public and private spaces. The City of Calgary Land use Bylaw is examined, in order to gain an understanding of how incentives are utilised for the creation of public space. Suggested modifications to the policy are outlined, followed by a basic example of a change in design approach for Plus 15 access points, walkways, and bridges. This approach is applied to five simplified building typologies, allowing for depiction of a visual example. The completed project acts as a guidebook for providing alternate approaches to maintaining and enhancing the public space of the Plus 15 system. From a manageable method of analysis of the qualitative aspects of public space, to an example of the possibilities of a subtle shift in design approach, this project seeks to simplify the process of design and implementation of compelling urban public spaces.
Characterizing Quantum Microwave Radiation and its Entanglement with Superconducting Qubits using Linear Detectors
Creators: name: Eichler, C.
name: Bozyigit, D.
name: Wallraff, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent progress in the development of superconducting circuits has enabled the realization of interesting sources of nonclassical radiation at microwave frequencies. Here, we discuss field quadrature detection schemes for the experimental characterization of itinerant microwave photon fields and their entanglement correlations with stationary qubits. In particular, we present joint state tomography methods of a radiation field mode and a two-level system. Including the case of finite quantum detection efficiency, we relate measured photon field statistics to generalized quasi-probability distributions and statistical moments for one-channel and two-channel detection. We also present maximum-likelihood methods to reconstruct density matrices from measured field quadrature histograms. Our theoretical investigations are supported by the presentation of experimental data, for which microwave quantum fields beyond the single-photon and Gaussian level have been prepared and reconstructed.
description: 14 pages, 5 figures
Gaussian Anamorphosis for Ensemble Kalman Filter Analysis of SAR-Derived Wet Surface Ratio Observations
Creators: name: Nguyen, Thanh Huy
name: Ricci, Sophie
name: Piacentini, Andrea
name: Simon, Ehouarn
name: Suquet, Raquel Rodriguez
name: Luque, Santiago Peña
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Flood simulation and forecast capability have been greatly improved thanks to advances in data assimilation (DA) strategies incorporating various types of observations; many are derived from spatial Earth Observation. This paper focuses on the assimilation of 2D flood observations derived from Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) images acquired during a flood event with a dual state-parameter Ensemble Kalman Filter (EnKF). Binary wet/dry maps are here expressed in terms of wet surface ratios (WSR) over a number of subdomains of the floodplain. This ratio is further assimilated jointly with in-situ water-level observations to improve the flow dynamics within the floodplain. However, the non-Gaussianity of the observation errors associated with SAR-derived measurements break a major hypothesis for the application of the EnKF, thus jeopardizing the optimality of the filter analysis. The novelty of this paper lies in the treatment of the non-Gaussianity of the SAR-derived WSR observations with a Gaussian anamorphosis process (GA). This DA strategy was validated and applied over the Garonne Marmandaise catchment (South-west of France) represented with the TELEMAC-2D hydrodynamic model, first in a twin experiment and then for a major flood event that occurred in January-February 2021. It was shown that assimilating SAR-derived WSR observations, in complement to the in-situ water-level observations significantly improves the representation of the flood dynamics. Also, the GA transformation brings further improvement to the DA analysis, while not being a critical component in the DA strategy. This study heralds a reliable solution for flood forecasting over poorly gauged catchments thanks to available remote-sensing datasets.
description: 19 pages, 13 figures. Submitted to the IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing
title: Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) for the study of bladder lesions
Creators: name: GARCIA-MONCO  FERNÁNDEZ, CARLOS
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genitourinary
subject: Abdomen
subject: Urinary Tract / Bladder
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Staging
subject: Neoplasia
subject: Tissue characterisation
subject: Prospective
subject: Diagnostic or prognostic study
subject: Performed at one institution

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: First, to study whether CEUS provides better results than conventional ultrasonography (US) to detect bladder lesions and to discriminate benign conditions from malignant carcinomas. Second, to assess the value of CEUS as a tool to detect muscle...
Additional file 1 of Intravitreal corticosteroids for diabetic macular edema: a network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Creators: name: Gao, Lu
name: Zhao, Xu
name: Jiao, Lei
name: Tang, Luosheng
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Additional Tables, Figures, and Search Strategies.
Techni-dilaton at 125 GeV
Creators: name: Matsuzaki, Shinya
name: Yamawaki, Koichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Walking technicolor predicts a light composite scalar, techni-dilaton, arising as a pseudo Nambu-Goldstone boson for the approximate scale symmetry spontaneously broken by techni-fermion condensation. We show that a light techni-dilaton with mass of around 125 GeV can explain presently observed excesses particularly in the di-photon decay channel at LHC.
description: 5 pages, 4 eps figures, latex; some references and footnotes added; version to appear in PRD
Linked genotype and phenotype data for QTL mapping controlling rice seed germination under salt stress.pdf
Creators: name: Zeng, Peng
name: Peiwen Zhu
name: Luofeng Qian
name: Xumei Qian
name: Yuxin Mi
name: Zefeng Lin
name: Shinan Dong
name: Aronsson, Henrik
name: Hongsheng Zhang
name: Jinping Cheng
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics

description: Supplementary Data set v2.pdf for a paper entitled "Identification and fine mapping of qGR6.2, a novel locus controlling rice seed germination under salt stress"
Spatial Distribution and Spectral Characteristics of Energetic Electrons in Mercury's Magnetosphere
Creators: name: Solomon, Sean C.
name: Ho, George C.
name: Krimigis, Stamatios M.
name: Gold, Robert E.
name: Baker, Daniel N.
name: Anderson, Brian J.
name: Korth, Haje
name: Slavin, James A.
name: McNutt Jr., Ralph L.
name: Winslow, Reka M.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Atmosphere
Planetology

description: The Energetic Particle Spectrometer (EPS) on the MESSENGER spacecraft, in orbit about Mercury since March 2011, has detected bursts of low- and moderate-energy (tens to hundreds of keV) electrons during portions of most orbits. There have been periods when such bursts were observed regularly on every orbit over a span of several weeks, and other periods when electrons were not observed for several days at a time. We have systematically characterized these energetic events on the basis of particle intensity over the 12-month period since MESSENGER began orbital operations. Now that MESSENGER has sampled most Mercury longitudes and local times, it is evident that the largest burst events were either at high northern latitudes or near local midnight. Lower-energy events were also seen near the equator but were mostly absent in both the dawn and dusk local time sectors. The high-latitude and nightside events are similar in particle intensity, spectra, and pitch angle and are interpreted to be the result of acceleration by the same mechanism. Another group of events occurred upstream of Mercury's bow shock. For two examples of this group of upstream events with good pitch angle coverage, the particles were field-aligned and traveling away from the bow shock. This group of events is interpreted to be similar to upstream events found at Earth during which particles are accelerated at the bow shock and subsequently travel upstream into the solar wind.
A twisted look on kappa-Minkowski: U(1) gauge theory
Creators: name: Dimitrijevic, Marija
name: Jonke, Larisa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Kappa-Minkowski space-time is an example of noncommutative space-time with potentially interesting phenomenological consequences. However, the construction of field theories on this space, although operationally well-defined, is plagued with ambiguities. A part of ambiguities can be resolved by clarifying the geometrical picture of gauge transformations on the kappa-Minkowski space-time. To this end we use the twist approach to construct the noncommutative U(1) gauge theory coupled to fermions. However, in this approach we cannot maintain the kappa-Poincaré symmetry; the corresponding symmetry of the twisted kappa-Minkowski space is the twisted igl(1,3) symmetry. We construct an action for the gauge and matter fields in a geometric way, as an integral of a maximal form. We use the Seiberg-Witten map to relate noncommutative and commutative degrees of freedom and expand the action to obtain the first order corrections in the deformation parameter.
description: 24 pages, clarifications added, reference list updated, to appear in JHEP
MESSENGER Observations of Mercury's Magnetic Field Structure
Creators: name: Solomon, Sean C.
name: Johnson, Catherine L.
name: Purucker, Michael E.
name: Korth, Haje
name: Anderson, Brian J.
name: Winslow, Reka M.
name: Al Asad, Manar M. H.
name: Slavin, James A.
name: Alexeev, Igor I.
name: Phillips, Roger J.
name: Zuber, Maria T.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Planetology

description: We present a baseline, time-averaged model for Mercury's magnetosphere, derived from MESSENGER Magnetometer data from 24 March to 12 December 2011, comprising the spacecraft's first three Mercury years in orbit around the innermost planet. The model, constructed under the approximation that the magnetospheric shape can be represented as a paraboloid of revolution, includes two external (magnetopause and magnetotail) current systems and an internal (dipole) field and allows for reconnection. We take advantage of the geometry of the orbital Magnetometer data to estimate all but one of the model parameters, and their ranges, directly from the observations. These parameters are then used as a priori constraints in the paraboloid magnetospheric model, and the sole remaining parameter, the dipole moment, is estimated as 190 nTRM3from a grid search. We verify that the best fit dipole moment is insensitive to changes in the other parameters within their determined ranges. The model provides an excellent first-order fit to the MESSENGER observations, with a root-mean-square misfit of less than 20 nT globally. The results show that the magnetopause field strength ranges from 10% to 50% of the dipole field strength at observation locations on the dayside and at nightside latitudes north of 60°N. Globally, the residual signatures observed to date are dominated by the results of magnetospheric processes, confirming the dynamic nature of Mercury's magnetosphere.
More Instruments and Broader Goals: Moving toward the Post-Washington Consensus
Creators: name: Stiglitz, Joseph E.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1999
Subjects: Economics

description: In this lecture the author acknowledges the failure of the "Washington Consensus" in promoting economic growth and proposes a new consensus where the state has again an active role. He starts from some lessons of the Asian crisis and concludes for the need of broadening the goals of development.
title: A practical guide for MRI diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma: comparison of different guidelines.
Creators: name: Stallone, Flavia
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Not applicable
subject: Not applicable
subject: Cirrhosis
subject: Cancer
subject: Structured reporting
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: MR
subject: Oncology
subject: Liver
subject: Abdominal Viscera
subject: Not applicable

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: - To provide a practical approach to MRI diagnosis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC); - To illustrate pros and cons of different International criteria for imaging HCC diagnosis. Background Chronic liver inflammation leads to fibrosis and cyclic...
title: Maximum outer-bank velocity reduction for vane-dike fields installed in channel bends
title: Hydrology days 2011
titleType: AlternativeTitle
title: AGU hydrology days 2011
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Scurlock, S. Michael
name: Cox, Amanda L.
name: Thornton, Christopher I.
name: Baird, Drew C.
name: Colorado State University, Publisher
Publisher: name: Mountain Scholar
Year: 2011

description: 2011 annual AGU hydrology days was held at Colorado State University on March 21 - March 23, 2011.
description: Includes bibliographical references.
description: Hydraulic conditions associated with channel bends in meandering rivers include secondary, helical currents, mass shift of flow to the outside of the bend, and increased erosion along the outer streambank. Such outer-bank erosion may result in undesired plan-form migration of the stream course, placing valuable land holdings or infrastructure in jeopardy. A type of instream transverse rock structure, the vane dike, has been installed in field scenarios to mitigate problematic hydraulics associated with migrating river bends. Flows around vanes and similar structures have been modeled extensively in the past, both physically and numerically, yet, guidelines optimizing key state parameters for the installation of vane dikes in series are still unrealized and application of previous results are generally site specific. Emphasizing the stabilization of the upper reaches of the Middle Rio Grande River below Cochiti Dam, two scaled channel bends were physically modeled with installed vane-dike fields. Structure plan form angle, vertical angle, spacing, and length were altered between testing configurations and comprehensive data collection was performed. The reduction of the outer-bank velocity magnitude was quantified and non-dimensionalized for each tested vane-dike configuration. An approach predicting the outer-bank velocity reduction was developed for collected laboratory data, which approximates vane-dike field velocities for both channel bends with a coefficient of determination of 0.841.
title: Appropriateness Criteria in abdominal echography: an analysis of ultrasound results in hospitalized patients
Creators: name: Pellegrino, Fabio
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Observational
subject: Retrospective
subject: Outcomes
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Abdomen
subject: Abdominal Viscera
subject: Performed at one institution

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: Abdominal Ultrasound (US) is a first-level imaging exam that is routinely used in clinical practice[1]and many clinical areas due to its non-invasiveness, diagnostic sensitivity and low relative cost-effectiveness ratio[2]. Appropriateness defines a...
Reproducing class In the global labour force : the case of Singapore's division of labour
Creators: name: Ye, Junjia
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: This thesis analyzes the reproduction of inequalities within the realm of production within Singapore’s division of labour that relies strategically on migrants for different tasks in the global city. I examine the mechanisms that reproduce class differences within and across labour divisions to illustrate the politics of cosmopolitanism in Singapore. Specifically, I look at workers from different positions within the hierarchical labour force: Bangladeshi migrants who had been working in either construction or marine industries until employment disputes rendered them effectively jobless and homeless; Johorean commuters who cross the international border between Singapore and Malaysia daily to work in low-paid service sector work; and finally, middle-class financial workers who are often seen as the skilled, cosmopolitan faces of Singapore’s economy. I use the extended case method to integrate Marx and Bourdieu’s notions of class to illustrate how inequality is reproduced through social reproduction vis-à-vis people’s access to economic resources. It is about how class is also lived through other constructions– in particular, “the self” and how certain constructions of personhood intersect with and constitute class. Rooted in the division of labour, class is reproduced through processes by which some individuals are denied access to economic and cultural resources because they are not recognized as being worthy recipients. These processes are constituted through both material and symbolic struggles and violence. I aim to unpack the ambiguities and precarities produced through this struggle of classed bodies – desires, hopes, choices alongside hyper-exploitative work conditions and symbolic violence – and through which, identities are formed in the larger social world. I would argue that no matter how ambivalent it appears, class and its reproduction are never free from power-laden processes. I argue that it is through theoretically-informed empirical analyses of processes of class formation that the notion of cosmopolitanism can retain its purchase of understanding work lives in a diverse division of labour.
A convenient Keldysh contour for thermodynamically consistent perturbative and semiclassical expansions
Creators: name: Cavina, Vasco
name: Kadijani, Sadeq S.
name: Esposito, Massimiliano
name: Schmidt, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The work fluctuation theorem (FT) is a symmetry connecting the moment generating functions (MGFs) of the work extracted in a given process and in its time-reversed counterpart. We show that, equivalently, the FT for work in isolated quantum systems can be expressed as an invariance property of a modified Keldysh contour. Modified contours can be used as starting points of perturbative and path integral approaches to quantum thermodynamics, as recently pointed out in the literature. After reviewing the derivation of the contour-based perturbation theory, we use the symmetry of the modified contour to show that the theory satisfies the FT at every order. Furthermore, we extend textbook diagrammatic techniques to the computation of work MGFs, showing that the contributions of the different Feynman diagrams can be added to obtain a general expression of the work statistics in terms of a sum of independent rescaled Poisson processes. In this context, the FT takes the form of a detailed balance condition linking every Feynman diagram with its time-reversed variant. In the second part, we study path integral approaches to the calculation of the MGF, and discuss how the arbitrariness in the choice of the contour impacts the final form of the path integral action. In particular, we show how using a symmetrized contour makes it possible to easily generalize the Keldysh rotation in the context of work statistics, a procedure paving the way to a semiclassical expansion of the work MGF. Furthermore, we use our results to discuss a generalization of the detailed balance conditions at the level of the quantum trajectories.
description: 45 pages, 6 figures. New version after the first round of review; minor corrections have been made, some new references have been added to the bibliography
Characteristics of the Plasma Distribution in Mercury's Equatorial Magnetosphere Derived from MESSENGER Magnetometer Observations
Creators: name: Solomon, Sean C.
name: Korth, Haje
name: Anderson, Brian J.
name: Johnson, Catherine L.
name: Winslow, Reka M.
name: Slavin, James A.
name: Purucker, Michael E.
name: McNutt Jr., Ralph L.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Geochemistry
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Planetology

description: Localized reductions in the magnetic field associated with plasma pressure in Mercury's magnetospheric cusp and nightside plasma sheet have been routinely observed by the Magnetometer on the MErcury Surface, Space ENvironment, GEochemistry and Ranging (MESSENGER) spacecraft. We present a statistical analysis of near-equatorial magnetic depressions to derive the structure of Mercury's plasma sheet pressure. Because the plasma pressure in the magnetosphere correlates with solar wind density, the pressures were normalized to a Mercury heliocentric distance of 0.39 AU. A model magnetic field was used to map observations obtained on the ascending and descending orbit nodes to the magnetic equator and revealed the presence of plasma in a toroidal section extending on the nightside from dusk to dawn. Mapping the data to invariant magnetic latitude shows that the pressure is symmetric about the magnetic equator. The average pressure normalized for heliocentric distance is 1.45 nPa and exhibits a weak, 0.05 nPa/h, dusk-to-dawn gradient with local time. The plasma sheet pressure can vary between successive orbits by an order of magnitude. Unlike the predictions of some global simulations of Mercury's magnetosphere, the plasma enhancements do not form a closed distribution around the planet. This difference may arise from the idealized solar wind and interplanetary magnetic field conditions used in the simulations, which maximize the size and stability of the magnetosphere, thus promoting the formation of drift paths that close around the planet. For typical plasma sheet energies, 5 keV, the first adiabatic invariant for protons fails to be conserved even within 500 km altitude at midnight, implying that stochastic processes must be considered in plasma sheet transport.
Geometric and disorder -- type magnetic frustration in ferrimagnetic "114" Ferrites: Role of diamagnetic Li+ and Zn2+ cation substitution
Creators: name: Sarkar, Tapati
name: Caignaert, V.
name: Pralong, V.
name: Raveau, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The comparative study of the substitution of zinc and lithium for iron in the "114" ferrites, YBaFe4O7 and CaBaFe4O7, shows that these diamagnetic cations play a major role in tuning the competition between ferrimagnetism and magnetic frustration in these oxides. The substitution of Li or Zn for Fe in the cubic phase YBaFe4O7 leads to a structural transition to a hexagonal phase YBaFe4-xMxO7, for M = Li (0.30 < x < 0.75) and for M = Zn (0.40 < x < 1.50). It is seen that for low doping values i.e. x = 0.30 (for Li) and x = 0.40 (for Zn), these diamagnetic cations induce a strong ferrimagnetic component in the samples, in contrast to the spin glass behaviour of the cubic phase. In all the hexagonal phases, YBaFe4-xMxO7 and CaBaFe4-xMxO7 with M = Li and Zn, it is seen that in the low doping regime (x ~ 0.3 to 0.5), the competition between ferrimagnetism and 2 D magnetic frustration is dominated by the average valency of iron. In contrast, in the high doping regime (x ~ 1.5), the emergence of a spin glass is controlled by the high degree of cationic disorder, irrespective of the iron valency.
description: 2 tables, 7 figures
title: Biparametric versus multiparametric prostate magnetic resonance imaging using PI-RADS V2.1
Creators: name: Martínez Mora, María
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genitourinary
subject: Contrast agents
subject: Genital / Reproductive system male
subject: Oncology
subject: MR
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: MR-Functional imaging
subject: Comparative studies
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: Cancer
subject: Neoplasia
subject: Retrospective
subject: Observational
subject: Performed at one institution

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: Magnetic resonance imaging of the prostate (MRIp) has practically become an indispensable technique for the detection, staging, and treatment of prostate cancer (PC). The high sensitivity(S) and negative predictive value(NPV) obtained in the...
Outbreak size distributions in epidemics with multiple stages
Creators: name: Antal, Tibor
name: Krapivsky, P. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Multiple-type branching processes that model the spread of infectious diseases are investigated. In these stochastic processes, the disease goes through multiple stages before it eventually disappears. We mostly focus on the critical multistage Susceptible-Infected-Recovered (SIR) infection process. In the infinite population limit, we compute the outbreak size distributions and show that asymptotic results apply to more general multiple-type critical branching processes. Finally using heuristic arguments and simulations we establish scaling laws for a multistage SIR model in a finite population.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures; added references, final version
title: Uncertainty in flood routing: diffuse wave models by fuzzy set theory approach
title: Hydrology days 2018
titleType: AlternativeTitle
title: AGU hydrology days 2018
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Sales Castro, Maria Patrícia
name: De Lucena, Karyna Oliveira Chaves
name: Vidal, Ticiana Fontoura
name: De Souza, Alice Rocha
name: Chagas, Patricia Freire
name: De Souza, Raimundo Oliveira
name: Colorado State University, Publisher
Publisher: name: Mountain Scholar
Year: 2018
Subjects: flood routing
fuzzy theory
diffusive wave models

description: 2018 annual AGU hydrology days was held at Colorado State University on March 19 - March 21, 2018.
description: Includes bibliographical references.
description: Impacts caused by flood routing affect families, economic activities, public and private systems. Impacts and economic losses has increased considerably, because these areas, in general, there is a growing concentration of people and economic activities present in the region. Flood routing is a problem, both developed and developing countries. Many hydrodynamic problems that involve of the propagation flood waves along the length in natural channels are solved by Saint-Venant equations. In most practical applications of flow routing in open channels, inertia terms are negligible, thus the system of Saint-Venant equations is reduced to a parabolic equation, known as the diffusive wave equation. This research aims to apply the fuzzy set theory in diffusive wave models at natural channels, in order to verify the uncertainties related to the hydrodynamic parameters present in these models. Through the implicit finite difference schemes was solved partial differential equations present in Saint-Venant equations. Simulations were carried out for different scenarios in the water body. It was developed a computer program, coded in Fortran. Results allowed establishing some interesting analysis with regard to the behavior of diffusive wave flood routing, it is strong influence of hydraulic parameters, the slope feature and Manning roughness coefficient. Results allowed concluding that the application of the fuzzy set theory in the hydrodynamic systems, it is a viable alternative for determining the uncertainty in flooding and thus be more a support tool in water resources management programs.
Metaseq: Privacy Preserving Meta-analysis of Sequencing-based Association Studies
Creators: name: Singh, Angad Pal
name: Zafer, Samreen
name: Pe'er, Itsik
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Computer science

description: Human genetics recently transitioned from GWAS to studies based on NGS data. For GWAS, small effects dictated large sample sizes, typically made possible through meta-analysis by exchanging summary statistics across consortia. NGS studies groupwise-test for association of multiple potentially-causal alleles along each gene. They are subject to similar power constraints and therefore likely to resort to meta-analysis as well. The problem arises when considering privacy of the genetic information during the data-exchange process. Many scoring schemes for NGS association rely on the frequency of each variant thus requiring the exchange of identity of the sequenced variant. As such variants are often rare, potentially revealing the identity of their carriers and jeopardizing privacy. We have thus developed MetaSeq, a protocol for meta-analysis of genome-wide sequencing data by multiple collaborating parties, scoring association for rare variants pooled per gene across all parties. We tackle the challenge of tallying frequency counts of rare, sequenced alleles, for meta-analysis of sequencing data without disclosing the allele identity and counts, thereby protecting sample identity. This apparent paradoxical exchange of information is achieved through cryptographic means. The key idea is that parties encrypt identity of genes and variants. When they transfer information about frequency counts in cases and controls, the exchanged data does not convey the identity of a mutation and therefore does not expose carrier identity. The exchange relies on a 3rd party, trusted to follow the protocol although not trusted to learn about the raw data. We show applicability of this method to publicly available exomesequencing data from multiple studies, simulating phenotypic information for powerful metaanalysis. The MetaSeq software is publicly available as open source.
title: White matter hyperintensities and clinical associations in patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders associated with antibodies to AQP4 and MOG
Creators: name: Alorainy, Amal
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Image registration
subject: Acute
subject: Computer Applications-Detection, diagnosis
subject: MR
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: Artificial Intelligence
subject: Neuro

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder (NMOSD) is a rare inflammatory autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS)[1]. Brain abnormalities are present in 60% of patients with NMOSD[2, 3]. In Multiple Sclerosis (MS), subclinical activity...
An infrared approach to Reggeization
Creators: name: Del Duca, Vittorio
name: Duhr, Claude
name: Gardi, Einan
name: Magnea, Lorenzo
name: White, Chris D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new approach to Reggeization of gauge amplitudes based on the universal properties of their infrared singularities. Using the "dipole formula", a compact ansatz for all infrared singularities of massless amplitudes, we study Reggeization of singular contributions to high-energy amplitudes for arbitrary color representations, and any logarithmic accuracy. We derive leading-logarithmic Reggeization for general cross-channel color exchanges, and we show that Reggeization breaks down for the imaginary part of the amplitude at next-to-leading logarithms and for the real part at next-to-next-to-leading logarithms. Our formalism applies to multiparticle amplitudes in multi-Regge kinematics, and constrains possible corrections to the dipole formula starting at three loops.
description: 4 pages
Vegetation development and native species on reclaimed coal mine lands, Edson, AB: directions for reclamation planning
Creators: name: Longman, Penelope Anne
Publisher: name: Environmental Design
Year: 2011

description: Bibliography: p. 61-65
description: Some pages are in colour.
description: Includes an oversized page.
description: This study evaluates the reclamation vegetation at Coal Valley Mine (CVM) in Alberta with respect to a series of expected vegetation changes, establishes a successional model of the vegetation development, and examines factors contributing to the observed patterns. Recommendations are developed that will improve convergence of reclamation effort with established reclamation goals. Current reclamation practices in Alberta are often based on the assumption that native species will naturally colonize recently reclaimed areas over the medium to long term. Agronomic grass species are the ground cover of choice, due to their fast, aggressive growth fulfilling short-term reclamation goals of erosion control. There is research indicating that these two goals may be incompatible, and that the use of these agronomic species inhibits the establishment and diversity of native species. CVM's reclamation reports for the last 25 years were used to establish a study area stratified by year of reclamation. The vegetation in these areas was assessed and was analyzed with respect to a series of expected vegetation changes over time. Results indicate that most of the expected trends are evident (lower graminoid height and cover. lower legume cover, higher native species richness. and establishment of woody species). Four vegetation communities were found, ranging from a young legume-grass type to a mature conifer-dominated type. A number of anomalies were highlighted, and the cause of the increase in native species diversity and cover with time was deemed uncertain due to the role played by CVM's planting program in the early years of reclamation. involving deciduous seedlings and herbaceous plants. The research highlights the need for the establishment of a monitoring program to inform future reclamation activities. A monitoring program can be used to determine the impact of various reclamation practices. and to confirm the successional patterns encountered.
Fundamental accuracy-resolution trade-off for timekeeping devices
Creators: name: Meier, Florian
name: Schwarzhans, Emanuel
name: Erker, Paul
name: Huber, Marcus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: From a thermodynamic point of view, all clocks are driven by irreversible processes. Additionally, one can use oscillatory systems to temporally modulate the thermodynamic flux towards equilibrium. Focusing on the most elementary thermalization events, this modulation can be thought of as a temporal probability concentration for these events. There are two fundamental factors limiting the performance of clocks: On the one level, the inevitable drifts of the oscillatory system, which are addressed by finding stable atomic or nuclear transitions that lead to astounding precision of today's clocks. On the other level, there is the intrinsically stochastic nature of the irreversible events upon which the clock's operation is based. This becomes relevant when seeking to maximize a clock's resolution at high accuracy, which is ultimately limited by the number of such stochastic events per reference time unit. We address this essential trade-off between clock accuracy and resolution, proving a universal bound for all clocks whose elementary thermalization events are memoryless.
description: 5 + 7 pages, 8 figures, published version
A Control-Theoretic Model of Hemodynamic Responses to Blood Volume Perturbation
Creators: name: Lo, Alex Kai-Yuan
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Mechanical engineering
subject: FOS: Mechanical engineering
subject: Engineering
subject: Biomedical engineering
subject: Fluid Infusion
subject: Fluid resuscitation
subject: Hemodynamic response
subject: Hemorrhage
subject: Modeling
subject: Physiological closed-loop control

description: This thesis presents a mathematical model to reproduce hemodynamic responses of different endpoints to the blood volume perturbation in circulation system. The proposed model includes three sub-models, which are a control-theoretic model relating blood volume response to blood volume perturbation, a physiologic-based model relating cardiac output response to blood volume perturbation, and a control-theoretic model relating mean arterial pressure response to cardiac output perturbation. Two unique characteristics of this hemodynamic model are that the model can reproduce responses accurately even with its simplicity, and can be easily understood by control engineers because of its physiological transparency. With these two advantages, closed-loop resuscitation controller evaluation can be performed in model-based approach instead of evaluating results from animal studies, which are relatively costly and time-consuming. In this thesis, the hemodynamic model was examined and evaluated by using experimental dataset collected from 11 animals. The results of system identification analysis, in-silico evaluation and parametric sensitivity analysis showed that the hemodynamic model may faithfully serve as a evaluation basis for the closed-loop resuscitation controllers.
Lipid Exchange between Borrelia burgdorferi and Host Cells
Creators: name: Crowley, Jameson T.
name: Toledo, Alvaro M.
name: LaRocca, Timothy
name: Coleman, James L.
name: London, Erwin
name: Benach, Jorge L.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Medicine
Pathology
Cytology

description: Borrelia burgdorferi, the agent of Lyme disease, has cholesterol and cholesterol-glycolipids that are essential for bacterial fitness, are antigenic, and could be important in mediating interactions with cells of the eukaryotic host. We show that the spirochetes can acquire cholesterol from plasma membranes of epithelial cells. In addition, through fluorescent and confocal microscopy combined with biochemical approaches, we demonstrated that B. burgdorferi labeled with the fluorescent cholesterol analog BODIPY-cholesterol or 3H-labeled cholesterol transfer both cholesterol and cholesterol-glycolipids to HeLa cells. The transfer occurs through two different mechanisms, by direct contact between the bacteria and eukaryotic cell and/or through release of outer membrane vesicles. Thus, two-way lipid exchange between spirochetes and host cells can occur. This lipid exchange could be an important process that contributes to the pathogenesis of Lyme disease.
Evidence for a negative-parity spin-doublet of nucleon resonances at 1.88\,GeV
Creators: name: Anisovich, A. V.
name: Klempt, E.
name: Nikonov, V. A.
name: Sarantsev, A. V.
name: Schmieden, H.
name: Thoma, U.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Evidence is reported for two nucleon resonances with spin-parity $J^P=1/2^-$ and $J^P=3/2^-$ at a mass just below 1.9\,GeV. The evidence is derived from a coupled-channel analysis of a large number of pion and photo-produced reactions. The two resonances are nearly degenerate in mass with two resonances of the same spin but positive parity. Such parity doublets are predicted in models claiming restoration of chiral symmetry in high-mass excitations of the nucleon. Further examples of spin parity doublets are found in addition. Alternatively, the spin doublet can be interpreted as member of the 56-plet expected in the third excitation band of the nucleon. Implications for the problem of the {\it missing resonances} are discussed.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures, 4 tables, minor revision
First measurement of the forward rapidity gap distribution in pPb collisions at $\sqrt{s_\mathrm{NN}}$ = 8.16 TeV
Creators: name: CMS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For the first time at LHC energies, the forward rapidity gap spectra from proton-lead collisions for both proton and lead dissociation processes are presented. The analysis is performed over 10.4 units of pseudorapidity at a center-of-mass energy per nucleon pair of $\sqrt{s_\mathrm{NN}}$ = 8.16 TeV, almost 300 times higher than in previous measurements of diffractive production in proton-nucleus collisions. For lead dissociation processes, which correspond to the pomeron-lead event topology, the EPOS-LHC generator predictions are a factor of two below the data, but the model gives a reasonable description of the rapidity gap spectrum shape. For the pomeron-proton topology, the EPOS-LHC, QGSJET II, and HIJING predictions are all at least a factor of five lower than the data. The latter effect might be explained by a significant contribution of ultra-peripheral photoproduction events mimicking the signature of diffractive processes. These data may be of significant help in understanding the high energy limit of quantum chromodynamics and for modeling cosmic ray air showers.
description: Replaced with the published version. Added the journal reference and the DOI. All the figures and tables can be found at http://cms-results.web.cern.ch/cms-results/public-results/publications/HIN-18-019 (CMS Public Pages)
title: Water quality assessment of small water supply reservoir using statistical and analytical methods
title: Hydrology days 2012
titleType: AlternativeTitle
title: AGU hydrology days 2012
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Gonzalez, Nicolas A.
name: Swain, N. R.
name: Obregon, O.
name: Williams, G. P.
name: Nelson, E. J.
name: Eggett, Dennis L.
name: Colorado State University, Publisher
Publisher: name: Mountain Scholar
Year: 2012

description: 2012 annual AGU hydrology days was held at Colorado State University on March 21 - March 23, 2012.
description: Includes bibliographical references.
description: We evaluated twenty-eight years (1980-2007) of spatial-temporal water quality data from Deer Creek reservoir in Utah. The data came from three sampling points representing the lotic, transitional and lentic zones and included measurements of climatological, hydrological, and surface water quality conditions. The time frame spanned dates before and after the completion of the Jordanelle Reservoir (1987-1992), approximately fourteen miles upstream of Deer Creek. Our analysis showed changed conditions in Deer Creek prior to dam construction. On average chlorophyll-a and phosphorus levels have dropped since 1984 while dissolved oxygen levels have remained steady. We evaluated temporal groupings and found that a traditional month distribution following standard seasons was not effective in characterizing the measured conditions; we developed a more representative seasonal grouping by performing a Tukey-Kramer multiple comparison adjustment. Based on this analysis, we determined the best groupings were Cold (December - April), Transition (May and November) and Warm (June - October). We used Analyses of variance (ANOVA) calculations to determine if the temporal and spatial variations were statistically different. We found significant spatial variation in chlorophyll-a and nutrients. In general values were higher in the lotic zone than the lentic zone. We performed a principal component analysis (PCA) to determine principal parameters associated with the water quality of the reservoir which confirmed our seasonal groups showing the Cold, Transition and Warm seasons as separate.