cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A Topological derivative based image segmentation for sign language recognition system using isotropic filter
Creators: name: Krishnaveni, M.
name: Radha, Dr. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The need of sign language is increasing radically especially to hearing impaired community. Only few research groups try to automatically recognize sign language from video, colored gloves and etc. Their approach requires a valid segmentation of the data that is used for training and of the data that is used to be recognized. Recognition of a sign language image sequence is challenging because of the variety of hand shapes and hand motions. Here, this paper proposes to apply a combination of image segmentation with restoration using topological derivatives for achieving high recognition accuracy. Image quality measures are conceded here to differentiate the methods both subjectively as well as objectively. Experiments show that the additional use of the restoration before segmenting the postures significantly improves the correct rate of hand detection, and that the discrete derivatives yields a high rate of discrimination between different static hand postures as well as between hand postures and the scene background. Eventually, the research is to contribute to the implementation of automated sign language recognition system mainly established for the welfare purpose.
description: 5 pages IEEE format, International Journal of Computer Science and Information Security, IJCSIS December 2009, ISSN 1947 5500, http://sites.google.com/site/ijcsis/
The response of the upper ocean to meteorological forcing
Creators: name: Denman, Kenneth Leslie
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: A model describing the time dependent response of the upper mixed layer of the ocean to meteorological forcing is developed. The turbulent mixing and the radiative heating are expressed so that only simple input parameters available from routine meteorological measurements are required. The model is sensitive to the rate of production by the wind stress of energy available for mixing, and to the rate of absorption with depth of the solar radiation. Observations obtained at Ocean Station 'Papa' indicate the rate and extent of deepening of the wind mixed layer of the ocean. The model accurately simulates the behavior of the upper ocean during a 12 day period for which observed values of wind speed, solar radiation, and back radiation are used as input. To obtain realistic results, a value of 0.0012 for the ratio of the potential energy increase of the water column to the downward transfer rate of turbulent energy by the wind stress is used. This value lies within the range, 0.0007 to 0.003, determined from observed data obtained with an STD during 3 storms. Wind stress estimates are calculated from propeller anemometer data gathered on the Weathership during the storms. The drag coefficient, C₁₀, remains constant at (1.63 ± 0.28) x 10⁻³ for wind speeds up to 17 meters per second. The time behaviors of the mean wind speed, the stress, and the wave energy are examined relative to the existing large scale weather patterns.
Cultural difference: how race shapes the management of indigenous tenants within social housing service provision
Creators: name: Proudfoot, Fiona
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: Mainstream housing service providers are increasingly involved in the provision of housing services to Indigenous tenants, however there has been little investigation of how housing staff manage and experience the intercultural dimension of this. The thesis investigates how service providers construct and understand cultural difference in relation to their own racial identities, and the influence this has on their interactions with Indigenous tenants. Through exploration of racial subjectivities and professional understandings of housing officers this research illuminates the ways in which racial sameness and difference between service providers and Indigenous service users and tenants impacts on social housing service provision at the frontline. The findings suggest that respondents' communication and contact with Indigenous people as well as their capacity and willingness to reflect on and recognise the influence their own race and cultural mores have on their practice are critical factors in shaping their engagement with Indigenous service users and tenants. The findings have several policy, practice and theoretical implications. They demonstrate how social housing service providers work in the 'space between' their own subjective values, housing policy directives and institutional requirements. This involves negotiating the potential 'risk' that Indigenous cultural demands and responsibilities present for the management of Indigenous tenancies. This 'risk' is framed up within the demands and limitations of mainstream housing policy agendas that require Indigenous tenants to adopt lifestyle choices and behaviours that are more reflective of the broader white society. Findings suggest flexibility for Indigenous cultural practices within policy regulations may ease the tensions and conflicts that are often present for service providers managing Indigenous tenancies. This thesis contributes to theoretical scholarship that places white normative values and assumptions at the centre of Indigenous marginalisation and disadvantage, thereby disrupting unidimensional understandings of race inequality. The inclusion of whiteness as a social category contests its assumptions of being the normative, invisible and often uncontested benchmark for Indigenous peoples to be measured against. Cultural difference can then be conceptualised as axes of differentiation rather than different 'from' the hegemonic standard. This is especially important in the Australian context where white mainstream housing policy objectives, organisational procedures and professional interactions continue to oppress and impact the daily lives and housing outcomes of Indigenous Australians.
Space-time Evolution of J/psi Production in High Energy Nuclear Collisions
Creators: name: Liu, Yunpeng
name: Qu, Zhen
name: Xu, Nu
name: Zhuang, Pengfei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The space-time evolution of J/psi production in central Au+Au collisions at RHIC energy is investigated in a transport model. Both gluon dissociation and continuous regeneration of J/psis inside deconfined state are considered.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, talk at International Conference on Strangeness in Quark Matter 2008, revised version, accepted by Journal of Physics G
The First Passage Probability of Intracellular Particle Trafficking
Creators: name: Rogers, Salman S.
name: Flores-Rodriguez, Neftali
name: Allan, Victoria J.
name: Woodman, Philip G.
name: Waigh, Thomas A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Subcellular Processes (q-bio.SC)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The first passage probability (FPP), of trafficked intracellular particles reaching a displacement L, in a given time t or inverse velocity S = t/L, can be calculated robustly from measured particle tracks, and gives a measure of particle movement in which different types of motion, e.g. diffusion, ballistic motion, and transient run-rest motion, can readily be distinguished in a single graph, and compared with mathematical models. The FPP is attractive in that it offers a means of reducing the data in the measured tracks, without making assumptions about the mechanism of motion: for example, it does not employ smoothing, segementation or arbitrary thresholds to discriminate between different types of motion in a particle track. Taking experimental data from tracked endocytic vesicles, and calculating the FPP, we see how three molecular treatments affect the trafficking. We show the FPP can quantify complicated movement which is neither completely random nor completely deterministic, making it highly applicable to trafficked particles in cell biology.
description: Article: 13 pages, 8 figures
Engineering of Low-Loss Metal for Nanoplasmonic and Metamaterials Applications
Creators: name: Bobb, D. A.
name: Zhu, G.
name: Mayy, M.
name: Gavrilenko, A. V.
name: Mead, P.
name: Gavrilenko, V. I.
name: Noginov, M. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have shown that alloying a noble metal (gold) with another metal (cadmium), which can contribute two electrons per atom to a free electron gas, can significantly improve the metals optical properties in certain wavelength ranges and make them worse in the other parts of the spectrum. In particular, in the gold-cadmium alloy we have demonstrated a significant expansion of the spectral range of metallic reflectance to shorter wavelengths. The experimental results and the predictions of the first principles theory demonstrate an opportunity for the improvement and optimization of low-loss metals for nanoplasmonic and metamaterials applications.
description: 14 Pages, 4 figures
A Framework for Validation of Object Oriented Design Metrics
Creators: name: Soni, Devpriya
name: Shrivastava, Ritu
name: Kumar, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A large number of metrics have been proposed for the quality of object oriented software. Many of these metrics have not been properly validated due to poor methods of validation and non acceptance of metrics on scientific grounds. In the literature, two types of validations namely internal (theoretical) and external (empirical) are recommended. In this study, the authors have used both theoretical as well as empirical validation for validating already proposed set of metrics for the five quality factors. These metrics were proposed by Kumar and Soni.
description: 7 pages IEEE format, International Journal of Computer Science and Information Security, IJCSIS December 2009, ISSN 1947 5500, http://sites.google.com/site/ijcsis/
Channel-Optimized Quantum Error Correction
Creators: name: Taghavi, Soraya
name: Kosut, Robert L.
name: Lidar, Daniel A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a theory for finding quantum error correction (QEC) procedures which are optimized for given noise channels. Our theory accounts for uncertainties in the noise channel, against which our QEC procedures are robust. We demonstrate via numerical examples that our optimized QEC procedures always achieve a higher channel fidelity than the standard error correction method, which is agnostic about the specifics of the channel. This demonstrates the importance of channel characterization before QEC procedures are applied. Our main novel finding is that in the setting of a known noise channel the recovery ancillas are redundant for optimized quantum error correction. We show this using a general rank minimization heuristic and supporting numerical calculations. Therefore, one can further improve the fidelity by utilizing all the available ancillas in the encoding block.
description: 12 pages, 9 figures
Time elapsed between Zika and dengue virus infections affects antibody and T cell responses
Creators: name: White, L.J.
name: Cruz, L.
name: Arana, T.
name: Pinto, A.K.
name: Hassert, M.A.
name: Serrano-Collazo, C.
name: Ortiz-Rosa, A.
name: Giavedoni, L.
name: Brien, J.D.
name: de Silva, A.
name: Hodara, V.
name: Pantoja, P.
name: Rodríguez, I.V.
name: Parodi, L.
name: Sariol, C.A.
name: Weiskopf, D.
name: Pérez-Guzmán, E.X.
name: Martínez, M.I.
Publisher: name: Nature Publishing Group
Year: 2019

description: Zika virus (ZIKV) and dengue virus (DENV) are co-endemic in many parts of the world, but the impact of ZIKV infection on subsequent DENV infection is not well understood. Here we show in rhesus macaques that the time elapsed after ZIKV infection affects the immune response to DENV infection. We show that previous ZIKV exposure increases the magnitude of the antibody and T cell responses against DENV. The time interval between ZIKV and subsequent DENV infection further affects the immune response. A mid-convalescent period of 10 months after ZIKV infection results in higher and more durable antibody and T cell responses to DENV infection than a short period of 2 months. In contrast, previous ZIKV infection does not affect DENV viremia or pro-inflammatory status. Collectively, we find no evidence of a detrimental effect of ZIKV immunity in a subsequent DENV infection. This supports the implementation of ZIKV vaccines that could also boost immunity against future DENV epidemics.
Collective $d-$wave Excitonic Modes in the Fe-Superconductors
Creators: name: Scalapino, D. J.
name: Devereaux, T. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Calculations of the pairing interaction in multi-band models of the Fe superconductors show that it is attractive in both the $A_{1g}$ (s-wave) and $B_{1g}$ (d-wave) channels. This raises the possibility that these materials may have collective excitonic modes. Here, assuming an s-wave groundstate, we investigate the d-wave collective excitonic mode and its coupling to the Raman scattering.
description: 4 figures
Which dengue vaccine approach is the most promising, and should we be concerned about enhanced disease after vaccination?: The path to a dengue vaccine: Learning from human natural dengue infection studies and vaccine trials
Creators: name: de Silva, A.M.
name: Harris, E.
Publisher: name: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press
Year: 2018

description: Dengue virus (DENV) is the most common arthropod-borne viral disease of humans. Although effective vaccines exist against other flaviviral diseases like yellow fever and Japanese encephalitis, dengue vaccine development is complicated by the presence of four virus serotypes and the possibility of partial immunity enhancing dengue disease severity. Several live attenuated dengue vaccines are being tested in humanclinical trials. Initial results are mixed, with variable efficacy dependingonDENVserotype and previousDENVexposure. Here, we highlight recent discoveries about the human antibody response to DENV and propose guidelines for advancing development of safe and effective dengue vaccines. © 2018 Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press; All rights reserved.
Innovative and New Approaches to Laboratory Diagnosis of Zika and Dengue: A Meeting Report
Creators: name: De Silva, A.M.
name: Chua, A.
name: Harris, E.
name: Kelly, C.
name: Wilder-Smith, A.
name: Peeling, R.W.
name: Gubler, D.J.
name: Rodriguez, W.
name: Murtagh, M.
name: Goncalves, A.
name: Chu, M.C.
Publisher: name: Oxford University Press
Year: 2018

description: Epidemics of dengue, Zika, and other arboviral diseases are increasing in frequency and severity. Current efforts to rapidly identify and manage these epidemics are limited by the short diagnostic window in acute infection, the extensive serologic cross-reactivity among flaviviruses, and the lack of point-of-care diagnostic tools to detect these viral species in primary care settings. The Partnership for Dengue Control organized a workshop to review the current landscape of Flavivirus diagnostic tools, identified current gaps, and developed strategies to accelerate the adoption of promising novel technologies into national programs. The rate-limiting step to bringing new diagnostic tools to the market is access to reference materials and well-characterized clinical samples to facilitate performance evaluation. We suggest the creation of an international laboratory-response consortium for flaviviruses with a decentralized biobank of well-characterized samples to facilitate assay validation. Access to proficiency panels are needed to ensure quality control, in additional to in-country capacity building.
A tetravalent virus-like particle vaccine designed to display domain III of dengue envelope proteins induces multi-serotype neutralizing antibodies in mice and macaques which confer protection against antibody dependent enhancement in AG129 mice
Creators: name: Khanna, N.
name: Poddar, A.
name: Villinger, F.
name: Raut, R.
name: de Silva, A.M.
name: Johnston, R.E.
name: Swaminathan, S.
name: White, L.J.
name: Ahmed, R.
name: Ramasamy, V.
name: Tyagi, P.
name: Perween, A.
name: Shanmugam, R.K.
name: Kaja, M.K.
name: Shukla, R.
name: Mattocks, M.M.
name: Bhaumik, S.K.
name: Arora, U.
Publisher: name: Public Library of Science
Year: 2018

description: Background: Dengue is one of the fastest spreading vector-borne diseases, caused by four antigenically distinct dengue viruses (DENVs). Antibodies against DENVs are responsible for both protection as well as pathogenesis. A vaccine that is safe for and efficacious in all people irrespective of their age and domicile is still an unmet need. It is becoming increasingly apparent that vaccine design must eliminate epitopes implicated in the induction of infection-enhancing antibodies. Methodology/principal findings: We report a Pichia pastoris-expressed dengue immunogen, DSV4, based on DENV envelope protein domain III (EDIII), which contains well-characterized serotype-specific and cross-reactive epitopes. In natural infection, <10% of the total neutralizing antibody response is EDIII-directed. Yet, this is a functionally relevant domain which interacts with the host cell surface receptor. DSV4 was designed by in-frame fusion of EDIII of all four DENV serotypes and hepatitis B surface (S) antigen and co-expressed with unfused S antigen to form mosaic virus-like particles (VLPs). These VLPs displayed EDIIIs of all four DENV serotypes based on probing with a battery of serotype-specific anti-EDIII monoclonal antibodies. The DSV4 VLPs were highly immunogenic, inducing potent and durable neutralizing antibodies against all four DENV serotypes encompassing multiple genotypes, in mice and macaques. DSV4-induced murine antibodies suppressed viremia in AG129 mice and conferred protection against lethal DENV-4 virus challenge. Further, neither murine nor macaque anti-DSV4 antibodies promoted mortality or inflammatory cytokine production when passively transferred and tested in an in vivo dengue disease enhancement model of AG129 mice. Conclusions/significance: Directing the immune response to a non-immunodominant but functionally relevant serotype-specific dengue epitope of the four DENV serotypes, displayed on a VLP platform, can help minimize the risk of inducing disease-enhancing antibodies while eliciting effective tetravalent seroconversion. DSV4 has a significant potential to emerge as a safe, efficacious and inexpensive subunit dengue vaccine candidate.
Ticks Take Cues from Mammalian Interferon
Creators: name: De Silva, A.M.
Publisher: name: Cell Press
Year: 2016

description: Interferons are considered a first line of immune defense restricted to vertebrates. In this issue of Cell Host & Microbe, Smith et al. (2016) demonstrate that mammalian interferon γ activates an antimicrobial response within ticks feeding on blood. The study suggests that arthropods have a parallel interferon-like defense system.
Dengue virus infection elicits highly polarized CX3CR1+ cytotoxic CD4+ T cells associated with protective immunity
Creators: name: De Silva, A.D.
name: Sette, A.
name: De Silva, A.M.
name: Bangs, D.J.
name: Weiskopf, D.
name: Peters, B.
name: Kolla, R.V.
name: Crotty, S.
name: Sidney, J.
Publisher: name: National Academy of Sciences
Year: 2015

description: Dengue virus (DENV) is a rapidly spreading pathogen with unusual pathogenesis, and correlates of protection from severe dengue disease and vaccine efficacy have not yet been established. Although DENV-specific CD8+ T-cell responses have been extensively studied, the breadth and specificity of CD4+ T-cell responses remains to be defined. Here we define HLA-restricted CD4+ T-cell epitopes resulting from natural infection with dengue virus in a hyperepidemic setting. Ex vivo flow-cytometric analysis of DENV-specific CD4+ T cells revealed that the virus-specific cells were highly polarized, with a strong bias toward a CX3CR1+ Eomesodermin+ perforin+ granzyme B+ CD45RA+ CD4 CTL phenotype. Importantly, these cells correlated with a protective HLA DR allele, and we demonstrate that these cells have direct ex vivo DENV-specific cytolytic activity. We speculate that cytotoxic dengue-specific CD4+ T cells may play a role in the control of dengue infection in vivo, and this immune correlate may be a key target for dengue virus vaccine development.
Monmouth University Poll: November 2019 Iowa Democratic Presidential Caucus
Creators: name: Monmouth University Polling Institute
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2022

description: Registered to vote (2); voter likelihood (1); 2020 Democratic Iowa presidential caucus (2); 2020 Democratic presidential primary (2); caucus second choice/realignment (3); favorability of Democratic presidential candidates (11); in person sightings of Democratic presidential candidates (3); past presidential caucus attendance (1).
The Effelsberg Bonn HI Survey EBHIS
Creators: name: Kerp, J.
name: Winkel, B.
name: Kalberla, P. M. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Effelsberg-Bonn HI Survey (EBHIS) covers the whole sky north of Dec(2000) = -5 deg. on a fully sampled angular grid. Using state-of-the-art FPGA-spectrometers we perform a Milky Way and an extragalactic HI survey in parallel. Moreover, the high dynamic range and short dump time of the HI spectra allow to overcome the vast majority of all radio-frequency-interference (RFI) events. The Milky Way data will be corrected for the stray-radiation bias which warrants a main-beam efficiency of 99%. Towards the whole survey area we exceed the sensitivity limit of HIPASS, while towards the Sloan-Digital-Sky-Survey (SDSS) area EBHIS offers an order of magnitude higher mass sensitivity. The Milky Way data will be a cornerstone for multi-frequency astrophysics, while the extragalactic part will disclose detailed information on the structure formation of the local universe.
description: 6 pages; contributed talk at the Panoramic Radio Astronomy conference, Groningen, The Netherlands; 2009 June 2-5
Patterns of sedimentation in Queen Charlotte Sound, British Columbia
Creators: name: Luternauer, John Leland
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: This study is concerned with the geomorphology and sediment dispersal in Queen Charlotte Sound, a 20,000 sq. km. continental shelf area off the British Columbia mainland between Vancouver Island and Queen Charlotte Islands. Field work involved collection of: a) 357 bottom samples, b) 5 gravity cores and c) 12 series of bottom photographs. Selected continuous seismic profiles obtained prior to initiation of the study are also included. Laboratory procedures included a) analysis of sediment texture, b) determination of heavy mineral, clay group, organic C, CaCO₃, glauconite pellet and iron-stained sand content in samples, c) examination of Sound-floor bedforms and d) creation of a detailed bathymetric map. Principal physiographic features on the shelf are broad troughs and banks. Troughs generally extend from the mainland to the shelf edge (at approximately 300 metres) and appear to have been at least partly excavated by glaciers which left several characteristic deposits upon their retreat. Net sediment accumulation is occurring in the troughs mainly below 160 metres. Banks appear to be massive drift deposits which are being planed to depths as great as 130 metres below present sea-level. River erosion probably has incised at least one bank's margin at a time when sea-level stood lower. Mud derived from glacial meltwater and discharged during the summer from the mainland into the southeastern Sound probably is a) mostly deposited relatively close inshore, b) the principal sediment presently contributed to the Sound and c) the coarsest sediment now contributed to the Sound. Sedimentation rates on the outer shelf are very low probably because most sediment not deposited inshore is transported beyond the shelf in the less saline surface water. Fine sand is swept both northerly and southerly across bank tops by tidal currents.
Viscoelastic Behavior of Solid $^4$He
Creators: name: Yoo, Chi-Deuk
name: Dorsey, Alan T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Over the last five years several experimental groups have reported anomalies in the temperature dependence of the period and amplitude of a torsional oscillator containing solid $^4$He. We model these experiments by assuming that $^4$He is a viscoelastic solid--a solid with frequency dependent internal friction. We find that while our model can provide a quantitative account of the dissipation observed in the torsional oscillator experiments, it only accounts for about 10% of the observed period shift, leaving open the possibility that the remaining period shift is due to the onset of superfluidity in the sample.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Dengue Surveillance in Colombo, Sri Lanka: Baseline seroprevalence among children
Creators: name: Tam, C.C.
name: De Silva, A.D.
name: Palihawadana, P.
name: Gamage, T.M.
name: Letson, G.W.
name: Amarasinghe, A.
name: Tissera, H.A.
name: de Silva, A.M.
name: Abeysinghe, M.R.N.
name: Rajapaksa, L.C.
name: Margolis, H.S.
name: De Silva, T.
name: Gunasena, S.
Publisher: name: Elsevier B.V.
Year: 2010

description: Dengue virus (DENV) infection has been endemic to Sri Lanka and reliable estimates of burden of disease are limited. Such information is crucial for prevention and control of the disease and for vaccine introduction. We are conducting a community based enhanced passive surveillance study to estimate burden of DENV infection and disease. The study is based on a one year follow-up cohort of 800 randomly-selected children aged <12 years in a municipality ward of Colombo, Sri Lanka. The baseline blood samples tested by IgG capture ELISA indicate that the flavivirus seroprevalence in the cohort is 52% (ranges from 14% below 1 year to 72% at 12 years). These results suggest endemic transmission of DENV among children in Colombo.
The WMAP cold spot
Creators: name: Cruz, M.
name: Martinez-Gonzalez, E.
name: Vielva, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The WMAP cold spot was found by applying spherical wavelets to the first year WMAP data. An excess of kurtosis of the wavelet coefficient was observed at angular scales of around 5 degrees. This excess was shown to be inconsistent with Gaussian simulations with a p-value of around 1%. A cold spot centered at (b = -57, l = 209) was shown to be the main cause of this deviation. Several hypotheses were raised to explain the origin of the cold spot. After performing a Bayesian template fit a collapsing cosmic texture was found to be the most probable hypothesis explaining the spot. Here we review the properties of the cold spot and the possible explanations.
description: To appear in the "Highlights of Spanish Astrophysics V " Proceedings of the VIII Scientific Meeting of the Spanish Astronomical Society (SEA) held in Santander, July 7-11, 2008
Serologic evidence for an epizootic dengue virus infecting toque macaques (Macaca sinica) at Polonnaruwa, Sri Lanka
Creators: name: De Silva, A.M.
name:  Amerasinghe, F.P.
name:  Dittus, W.P.J.
name:  Amerasinghe, P.H.
Publisher: name: American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
Year: 1999

description: Dengue is one of the most rapidly emerging diseases in the tropics. Humans are the principal reservoir of dengue viruses. It is unclear if nonhuman primates also serve as a reservoir of human dengue viruses under certain conditions. In this study, a cross-sectional serologic survey was carried out to characterize the pattern of transmission of a recently identified dengue virus among toque macaques in Sri Lanka. The results indicated that an epizootic dengue virus was active among the macaques. A single epizootic had taken place between October 1986 and February 1987 during which 94% of the macaques within the 3 km2 study site were exposed to the virus. The epizootic was highly focal in nature because macaques living 5 km from the study population were not exposed to the virus. The transmission of dengue viruses among macaques in the wild may have important public health implications.
Heidegger's topology of language: language and dwelling
Creators: name: Karamercan, O
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: In my dissertation, I investigate Martin Heidegger's topology of language‚ÄövÑvp and examine the relationship between being, language, and place through the question of dwelling‚ÄövÑvp. Despite its critical implications, Heidegger's topology of language‚ÄövÑvp has been neither examined nor discussed in a systematic fashion in his own scholarship. My main purpose is to offer a coherent interpretation of his place-oriented thinking on the meaning of dwelling in language by tracing his writings between the 1920s and 1960s. While my main focus is in Heidegger's later thought, I also aim to provide a perspective through which we can compare his later and earlier thought in terms of the topic of dwelling in language. My hypothesis is as follows: viewing language as the onto-ethical‚ÄövÑvp dwellingplace of human existence can awaken us to consider what it means to be situated in the world‚ÄövÑvp and understand our place‚ÄövÑvp in the kosmos. Heidegger's explorations of the ontoethical‚ÄövÑvp nature of our situated essence within the boundaries of language helps us identify the question of language‚ÄövÑvp as an interrogation on the meaning of place‚ÄövÑvp and dwellingplace‚ÄövÑvp. This distinguishes Heidegger's thinking from the traditional philosophies of language‚ÄövÑvp that examine the linguistic structure of language(s). Looking into the issue topologically, which means by engaging the question of being‚ÄövÑvp and problematizing our poetic relation to place; I argue that language is not a mere space of meaning, or a tool of communication, but the open bounded‚ÄövÑvp site of existence that requires us to journey its different regions, following the movement of the emergence and disappearance of the words‚ÄövÑvp. Therefore, we need to consider the relationship between limit, space, and place in understanding the taking place‚ÄövÑvp of language. My two-fold thesis is thus an attempt at addressing the following: 1) Asking the question of language in terms of dwelling‚ÄövÑvp can help us problematize how we can undergo poetic experience with language rather than merely objectifying it. 2) This requires us to understand the threefold connection between the meaning-truth-place of being. In arguing for the view that language is the site of the unfolding of the meaning of being, I critically engage with the recent Capobianco-Sheehan discussion, while remaining in a dialogue with Malpas and Ziarek's topological ideas on the issue. I also trace Heidegger's philosophical journey between the Ancient Greek and the Far Eastern thinking, as I bring into view his attempt to leave behind the metaphysics of presence in explicating the threefold link between place, nothingness and language.
Community Cloud Computing
Creators: name: Marinos, Alexandros
name: Briscoe, Gerard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Cloud Computing is rising fast, with its data centres growing at an unprecedented rate. However, this has come with concerns over privacy, efficiency at the expense of resilience, and environmental sustainability, because of the dependence on Cloud vendors such as Google, Amazon and Microsoft. Our response is an alternative model for the Cloud conceptualisation, providing a paradigm for Clouds in the community, utilising networked personal computers for liberation from the centralised vendor model. Community Cloud Computing (C3) offers an alternative architecture, created by combing the Cloud with paradigms from Grid Computing, principles from Digital Ecosystems, and sustainability from Green Computing, while remaining true to the original vision of the Internet. It is more technically challenging than Cloud Computing, having to deal with distributed computing issues, including heterogeneous nodes, varying quality of service, and additional security constraints. However, these are not insurmountable challenges, and with the need to retain control over our digital lives and the potential environmental consequences, it is a challenge we must pursue.
description: 11 Pages, 5 figures
Cheers and Boos for Employee Involvement: Co-Determination as Corporate Governance Conundrum
Creators: name: Windbichler, Christine
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: co-determination
subject: corporate governance
subject: contract governance
subject: corporate group
subject: employee participation
subject: human resources
subject: 340 Recht

description: This publication is with permission of the rights owner freely accessible due to an Alliance licence and a national licence (funded by the DFG, German Research Foundation) respectively.
description: Employee involvement in a very general sense is by and large an accepted policy goal in the European Union. Its forms nonetheless vary considerably among Member States and sometimes include boardroom representation. Board composition, performance and incentive structures are core areas of the ongoing corporate governance debate in Europe and most other parts of the world. These two discourses are rather disparate. Recent EC legislation and jurisprudence do not proactively pursue an integrated approach. The following paper maps out overlapping areas of employee participation and corporate structure, explores some theoretical underpinnings for employee involvement from a contract-theory perspective and analyses issues specific to internationally engaged corporate groups. Finally, a transaction-based approach for modernisation of employee involvement is suggested. Preference is given to default rules that do not require employees to be represented at board level yet leave room for agreements to that effect. The plasticity of private law, the resilience of the corporate form and the governance-assisted employment relationship can defy petrification. Transaction-based employee involvement promotes a productive conjunction of corporate governance components consonant with the specific character of the employment relationship. An evolutionary approach to reform requires flexible legislation instead of deference to existing models. However, consensual model building needs proper enabling tools. Academic groundwork in private international law, contract, labour and corporate law is called for.
Prevention of Borrelia burgdorferi transmission in guinea pigs by tick immunity
Creators: name: Anderson, J.F.
name: Nazario, S.
name: De Silva, A.M.
name: Deponte, K.
name: Fish, D.
name: Marcantonio, N.
name: Kantor, F.S.
name: Das, S.
name: Fikrig, E.
Publisher: name: American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
Year: 1998

description: We examined the effect of repeated infestation of guinea pigs with Ixodes scapularis on the capacity of ticks to transmit Borrelia burgdorferi infection. Repeated challenges with nymphs or larvae lead to a reduction in duration of nymphal tick attachment and weight of recovered ticks consistent with the development of tick immunity. Only one of 18 I. scapularis-immune guinea pigs challenged with B. burgdorferi-infected nymphal ticks became infected, whereas 10 of 18 naive guinea pigs similarly challenged became infected. We conclude that tick immunity interferes with borrelial transmission.
Reducible Correlations in Dicke States
Creators: name: Parashar, Preeti
name: Rana, Swapan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply a simple observation to show that the generalized Dicke states can be determined from their reduced subsystems. In this framework, it is sufficient to calculate the expression for only the diagonal elements of the reudced density matrices in terms of the state coefficients. We prove that the correlation in generalized Dicke states $|GD_N^{(\ell)}>$ can be reduced to $2\ell$-partite level. Application to the Quantum Marginal Problem is also discussed.
description: 12 pages, single column; accepted in J. Phys. A as FTC
Arthropod- and host-specific gene expression by Borrelia burgdorferi
Creators: name: De Silva, A.M.
name: Fikrig, E.
Publisher: name: American Society for Clinical Investigation
Year: 1997

description: The threat posed to human health by arthropod-borne bacteria
is most vividly demonstrated by the devastating epidemics
caused by the plague. The diversity of pathogenic bacteria
spread by arthropods is probably underestimated. Recently
recognized infectious diseases such as Lyme disease and ehrlichiosis
are caused by bacteria transmitted by arthropods.
Bacteria which alternate between arthropods and mammals
have to survive and thrive in diverse niches. Because of the desire
to prevent diseases caused by these organisms, more emphasis
had been placed on understanding their life in the vertebrate
rather than in the vector. However, understanding how
these pathogens develop within their vectors may lead to novel
control strategies. The most extensive studies on the development
of pathogenic bacteria within arthropods have been done
with the agent of plague, Yersinia pestis, and its flea vector.
Recent studies with Borrelia burgdorferi, the Lyme disease
spirochete, have also revealed insight into vector-borne transmission
of bacteria. The work on B. burgdorferi is reviewed
here, and when appropriate, contrasted with Y. pestis.
Pairing and condensation in a resonant Bose-Fermi mixture
Creators: name: Fratini, Elisa
name: Pieri, Pierbiagio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study by diagrammatic methods a mixture of single-component bosons and fermions, with boson-fermion coupling tuned by a Fano-Feshbach resonance. For increasing coupling, the growing boson-fermion pairing correlations progressively reduce the boson condensation temperature and make it eventually vanish at a critical coupling. Such quantum critical point depends very weakly on the population imbalance and for vanishing boson densities coincides with that found for the polaron-molecule transition in a strongly imbalanced Fermi gas, thus bridging two quite distinct physical systems.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Growth and migration of Borrelia burgdorferi in Ixodes ticks during blood feeding
Creators: name: Fikrig, E.
name: De Silva, A.M.
Publisher: name: American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
Year: 1995

description: We have studied the growth of Borrelia burgdorferi in nymphal ticks (Ixodes scapularis) feeding on mice using confocal fluorescence microscopy to follow the distribution of spirochetes. In starved nymphs, the bacteria were only detected in the midgut and each nymph had it metro of 496 spirochetes. Upon attachment of nymphs to the host, the bacteria grew with a doubling time close to 4 hr and reached a mean of 7,848 spirochetes per nymph 15 hr after attachment. During this initial period (36 hr) of rapid growth, the bacteria appeared to be restricted to the gut, but after 48 hr, the spirochetes had disseminated to the salivary glands in the majority t)f nymphs examined. Thus, a critical event that allows the spirochetes to disseminate and infect the salivary glands takes place 36-48 hr after attachment. A maximum number of 166,575 spirochetes per nymph was noted 72 hr after attachment. Soon after completion of feeding and detachment from the host (96 hr), the mean number of spirochetes decreased to 95,410 per nymph and the spirochetes appeared to be cleared from organs other than the midgut. Thus, dissemination of spirochetes within the vector appears to be a transient phenomenon. These results provide strong evidence in favor of a salivary route of disease transmission while also demonstrating the utility of confocal microscopy to study vector-pathogen interactions in general.
A model for summer programs for children with learning disabilities
Creators: name: Dumaresq, Mary Marilyn
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The large number of learning disabled children and dearth of appropriate professional resources in most communities have resulted in attempts, by concerned individuals and organizations, to develop community-centred summer programs for these children. This study presents a model for summer programs for learning disabled children that is based on the results of a pilot project designed for such a population. The pilot project provided a two month program for 120 children between the ages of 5 and 11 years. Each child was assigned to one of six groups designed to develop basic skills in the areas of audition, vision, language, attention, gross motor coordination or fine motor coordination. Group assignment was determined by the nature of each child's major disability. The project was designed and supervised by a professional consultant and two graduate students in the field of learning disabilities. Fifteen teenagers were trained to work directly with the children. The model is designed to accommodate 120 learning disabled children between the ages of 5 years 0 months and 8 years 6 months. One aim of the model summer program is to develop deficit basic skills by providing the children with success oriented, sequentially ordered experiences in all areas of sports, gymnastics, music, drama, and arts and crafts. A second aim is to include the children's parents as participant program observers in order to increase their understanding of learning disabilities and to acquaint them with methods of assisting their children at home. This suggested program makes use of the same type of personnel as did the pilot project. The model is designed to meet community-felt needs using the resources available in reality.
Introducing the Software Citation: Giving Credit Where Credit is Due
Creators: name: Katz, Daniel S.
name: Pastrana, Erika
name: Harrison, Melissa
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: software citation
scholarly publishing
credit
software
metadata
identifiers

description: Introducing the Software Citation: Giving Credit Where Credit is Due
 Research is commonly intense and complicated. The work to analyze a hypothesis involves building on the discovery of others and contributing new ideas and approaches. Sometimes researchers use tools designed for their community that are licensed or open source, and sometimes they must develop their own software or workflow in order to achieve their objectives. This software (aka code, model) is an important research object that supports transparency and reproducibility of our research. Without the software, it can be much harder or impossible to fully understand how the resulting data were generated and to have faith in the conclusions presented in the paper.

 In this session we will share 1) the guidance developed by the FORCE11 Software Citation Implementation Working Group for authors, developers, and journals; 2) how it supports and aligns to efforts happening around JATS/JATS4R; and 3) ways for the community to evaluate how well software citations, and necessary availability statements are being provided by authors.
Posttranslational folding of vesicular stomatitis virus G protein in the ER: Involvement of noncovalent and covalent complexes
Creators: name: Braakman, I.
name: Helenius, A.
name: De Silva, A.
Publisher: name: Rockefeller University Press
Year: 1993

description: In this study, we show that posttranslational folding of Vesicular Stomatitis virus G protein subunits can involve noncovalent, multimeric complexes as transient intermediates. The complexes are heterogeneous in size (4-21S20,W), contain several G glycopolypeptides, and are associated with BiP/GRP78. The newly synthesized, partially intrachain disulfide-bonded G proteins enter these complexes immediately after chain termination, and are released 1-4 min later as fully oxidized, trimerization-competent monomers. These monomers are properly folded, judging by their binding of conformation-specific mAbs. When the G protein is translated in the presence of DTT, it remains reduced, largely unfolded and aggregated in the ER, but it can fold successfully when the DTT is removed. In this case, contrary to normal folding, the aggregates become transiently disulfide cross-linked. We also demonstrated that the fidelity of the folding process is dependent on metabolic energy. Finally, we established that the G protein of the folding mutant of the Vesicular Stomatitis virus, ts045, is blocked at a relatively late step in the folding pathway and remains associated with oligomeric, BiP/GRP78-containing folding complexes.
The complex, variable near infrared extinction towards the Nuclear Bulge
Creators: name: Gosling, Andrew J.
name: Bandyopadhyay, Reba M.
name: Blundell, Katherine M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using deep J, H and Ks-band observations, we have studied the near-infrared (nIR) extinction of the Nuclear Bulge (NB) and we find significant, complex variations on small physical scales. We have applied a new variable nIR colour excess method, V-NICE, to measure the extinction; this method allows for variation in both the extinction law parameter alpha and the degree of absolute extinction on very small physical scales. We see significant variation in both these parameters on scales of 5 arcsec. In our observed fields, representing a random sample of sight lines to the NB, we measure alpha to be 2.64 +- 0.52, compared to the canonical "universal" value of 2. Our measured levels of A_Ks are similar to previously measured results (1 < A_Ks < 4.5); however, the steeper extinction law results in higher values for A_J (4.5 < A_J < 10) and A_H (1.5 < A_H < 6.5). Only when the extinction law is allowed to vary on the smallest scales can we recover self-consistent measures of the absolute extinction at each wavelength, allowing accurate reddening corrections for field star photometry in the NB. The steeper extinction law slope also suggests that previous conversions of nIR extinction to A_V may need to be reconsidered. Finally, we find that the measured values of extinction are significantly dependent on the filter transmission functions of the instrument used to obtain the data. This effect must be taken into account when combining or comparing data from different instruments.
description: 8 pages, 4 figurs, 1 table, published in MNRAS