cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Early posttraumatic autonomic and endocrine markers to predict posttraumatic stress symptoms after a preventive intervention with oxytocin
Creators: name: Engel, Sinha
name: Zuiden, Mirjam Van
name: Frijling, Jessie L.
name: Koch, Saskia B. J.
name: Nawijn, Laura
name: Yildiz, Rinde L. W.
name: Schumacher, Sarah
name: Knaevelsrud, Christine
name: Bosch, Jos A.
name: Veltman, Dick J.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biomarker
subject: Prevention
subject: prognosis
subject: glucocorticoids
subject: oxytocin
subject: heart rate
subject: 100 Philosophie und Psychologie::150 Psychologie::150 Psychologie

description: Background: Efficient prevention of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) needs to target individuals with an increased risk for adverse outcome after trauma. Prognostic or prescriptive biological markers assessed early posttrauma may inform personalized treatment recommendations. Objective: To test prognostic and prescriptive effects of early (posttraumatic) autonomic and endocrine markers on PTSD symptom development. Method: Autonomic and endocrine markers were assessed within 12 days posttrauma and before treatment initiation within a randomized placebo-controlled trial investigating repeated oxytocin administration as preventive intervention for PTSD. Linear mixed effects models were used to test the effects of heart rate (variability), resting cortisol, morning cortisol and cortisol awakening response (CAR), cortisol suppression by dexamethasone and resting oxytocin on PTSD symptoms 1.5, 3 and 6 months posttrauma in men (n = 54), women using hormonal contraception (n = 27) and cycling women (n = 19). Results: We found significant prognostic effects of resting oxytocin and cortisol suppression. In women using hormonal contraception, higher oxytocin was associated with higher PTSD symptoms across follow-up. Stronger cortisol suppression by dexamethasone, reflecting increased glucocorticoid receptor feedback sensitivity, was associated with lower PTSD symptoms across follow-up in men, but with higher symptoms at 1.5 months in women using hormonal contraception. These effects were independent of treatment condition. No further significant prognostic or prescriptive effects were detected. Conclusion: Our exploratory study indicates that resting oxytocin and glucocorticoid receptor feedback sensitivity early posttrauma are associated with subsequent PTSD symptom severity. Notably, prognostic effects depended on sex and hormonal contraception use, emphasizing the necessity to consider these factors in biomedical PTSD research.
Projecting the continental accumulation of alien species through to 2050
Creators: name: Seebens, Hanno
name: Bacher, Sven
name: Blackburn, Tim M.
name: Capinha, César
name: Dawson, Wayne
name: Dullinger, Stefan
name: Genovesi, Piero
name: Hulme, Philip E.
name: Kleunen, Mark Van
name: Jeschke, Jonathan M.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: biodiversity
subject: biological invasions
subject: business-as-usual scenario
subject: future predictions
subject: global
subject: modelling
subject: species richness
subject: trends
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: Biological invasions have steadily increased over recent centuries. However, we still lack a clear expectation about future trends in alien species numbers. In particular, we do not know whether alien species will continue to accumulate in regional floras and faunas, or whether the pace of accumulation will decrease due to the depletion of native source pools. Here, we apply a new model to simulate future numbers of alien species based on estimated sizes of source pools and dynamics of historical invasions, assuming a continuation of processes in the future as observed in the past (a business-as-usual scenario). We first validated performance of different model versions by conducting a back-casting approach, therefore fitting the model to alien species numbers until 1950 and validating predictions on trends from 1950 to 2005. In a second step, we selected the best performing model that provided the most robust predictions to project trajectories of alien species numbers until 2050. Altogether, this resulted in 3,790 stochastic simulation runs for 38 taxon-continent combinations. We provide the first quantitative projections of future trajectories of alien species numbers for seven major taxonomic groups in eight continents, accounting for variation in sampling intensity and uncertainty in projections. Overall, established alien species numbers per continent were predicted to increase from 2005 to 2050 by 36%. Particularly, strong increases were projected for Europe in absolute (+2,543 +/- 237 alien species) and relative terms, followed by Temperate Asia (+1,597 +/- 197), Northern America (1,484 +/- 74) and Southern America (1,391 +/- 258). Among individual taxonomic groups, especially strong increases were projected for invertebrates globally. Declining (but still positive) rates were projected only for Australasia. Our projections provide a first baseline for the assessment of future developments of biological invasions, which will help to inform policies to contain the spread of alien species.
title: The rhythmic organisation of North Indian classical music: Tal, lay and laykari.
Creators: name: Clayton, Martin
Publisher: name: SOAS University of London
Year: 1993

description: North Indian (Hindustani) classical music is remarkable for both the sophistication and the diversity of its rhythmic organisation. Rhythm and metre are controlled by a number of concepts which, although developed over the course of many centuries, have acquired new meaning as a result of radical changes in performance practice over the last century. This work examines the rhythmic organisation of North Indian music on all levels- from large scale performance scheme, to metric structure, to the generation and variation of surface rhythm patterns. It does so by synthesising two research methodologies- combining the study of indigenous concepts and hence of the music's wider cultural context, with objective and empirical analytical techniques- in order to build up a comprehensive and culturally appropriate model of rhythmic organisation. Section I looks at various aspects of rhythmic organisation, proposing a flexible theoretical model of metric structure, and demonstrating its relevance with sudies of key rhythmic parameters. Chapter 1 puts forward the principal arguments for this theoretical model. The next four chapters cover the following topics in turn- tal (metric structure), lay (tempo, rhythmic density), performance practice and surface rhythm (including composition structure, and development techniques), and finally laykari (rhythmic variation). Section II illustrates the findings of Section I, by means of a case study. This study shows how two instrumental forms- the madhya lay gat and vilambit gat as performed in the repertoire of sitarist Deepak Choudhury- may be characterised in terms of rhythmic parameters. This characterisation is used to inform a discussion of the status of these gats as independent genres, and of their relationship with analogous vocal forms. The research generates a wide range of insights into North Indian classical music, demonstrating the application of Section I's theoretical model, and of the the analytical approach developed in the thesis as a whole.
Readout of Majorana qubits
Creators: name: Steiner, Jacob F.
name: Oppen, Felix Von
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Majorana bound states
subject: Open quantum systems & decoherence
subject: Topological quantum computing
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::530 Physik

description: Schemes for topological quantum computation with Majorana bound states rely heavily on the ability to projectively measure products of Majorana operators. Here, we employ Markovian quantum measurement theory, including the readout device, to analyze such measurements. Specifically, we focus on the readout of Majorana qubits via continuous charge sensing of a tunnel-coupled quantum dot by a quantum point contact. We show that projective measurements of Majorana products Pi(i) (gamma) over cap (i) can be implemented by continuous charge sensing under quite general circumstances. Essential requirements are that a combined local parity (pi) over cap, involving the quantum dot charge along with the Majorana product of interest, be conserved, and that the two eigenspaces of the combined parity (pi) over cap generate distinguishable measurement signals. We find that qubit readout may have to rely on measuring noise correlations of the quantum-point-contact current. The average current encodes the qubit readout only transiently for fine-tuned parameters or in the presence of relaxation processes. We also discuss the corresponding measurement and decoherence times and consider processes, such as residual Majorana hybridizations, which are detrimental to the measurement protocol. Finally, we emphasize that the underlying mechanism-which we term symmetry-protected readout-is quite general and has further implications for both Majorana and non-Majorana systems.
FINANCIAL VIABILITY OF A 30MW IN NYABARONGO IISOLAR PLANT
Creators: name: Akeza K., Saudah
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Dividends
solar plant
Project profitability
Solar Plant
, Nyabarongo II

description: The financial viability of the Nyabarongo II 30MW solar Power Plant using FINPLAN was analyzed by exploring three scenarios to assess the impact on shareholder dividends and NPV and IRR in a solar power plant project. The first scenario involved access electricity prices, indicating that the base price of MW is 199 frw(0.14 USD) [c1] per kWh, which resulted in the highest dividends and the shortest waiting period for shareholders to access their dividends. The second scenario focused on changes in interest rate on which the project is being financed, revealing that all tested productivity increases led to higher shareholding dividends without resulting in a lager time before dividend payments. However, increasing in interest rate and 40%(7USD) above the base level resulted in early dividends and ensured better performance of the project. The third scenario is to assess changes in the operation and maintenance, demonstrating that a decrease in operation and maintenance activities was more profitable in the short term, while an additional level of operation and maintenance leads to low profitability.  The findings from study shows that at any operation and maintenance cost less that than the 3.9 million USD would be profitable and a 10% (4.29 million USD) increase in the operation and maintenance on operation and maintenance will negatively affects as NPV reduce by 40%. A reduction in the price of electricity from the base by 5% of 199 RWF(0.14 USD) [c2]  does not significantly impact on the project's profitability, as (NPV) and (IRR) as these indicator remain positive. On the contrary a decrease beyond this leads to negative profitability, with NPV turning negative and IRR dropping to zero. Finally, it was realized that the interest rate in the country does not have a significant impact on the profitability of the project upon changes in the interest rate. It was recommended to take The strategy in reduction of electricity prices to make it more affordable for consumers while ensuring project profitability , prioritize strategies to minimize O&M costs through the adoption of advanced maintenance technologies, such as predictive maintenance systems which extend the lifespan of equipment, regardless of interest rate changes as NPV and IRR remains strong,  while dividend payments are not significantly affected  which improves the financial viability and profitability of the solar power plant.

 [c1]Since you are also using USD in some parts of this abstract, convert this also into USD and put in brackets

 [c2]Since you are also using USD in some parts of this abstract, convert this also into USD and put in brackets
New insights gained from museum collections: Deep-sea barnacles (Crustacea, Cirripedia, Thoracica) in the Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, collected during the Karubar expedition in 1991
Creators: name: Pitriana, Pipit
name: Jones, Diana S.
name: Corbari, Laure
name: Rintelen, Kristina Von
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: acorn barnacles
subject: Indonesian biodiversity
subject: new record
subject: stalked barnacles
subject: taxonomy
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: An examination of the deep-sea barnacles (Cirripedia, Thoracica) collected by the Karubar expedition to Indonesia (1991) and deposited in the Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, identified 40 species contained in three families of stalked and five families of acorn barnacles. Information on these species is presented, including descriptions, updated distributions and images to aid species identification. Thirty of the species, treated herein, are new records for the Indonesian Kei Islands and Tanimbar Island, which increases the total number of species recorded from Kei Islands, Aru Island and Tanimbar Island to 40. This study demonstrates the value of museum collections as a resource in biodiversity science.
Bright Quantum Dot Single-Photon Emitters at Telecom Bands Heterogeneously Integrated on Si
Creators: name: Holewa, Paweł
name: Sakanas, Aurimas
name: Gür, Uğur Meriç
name: Mrowiński, Paweł
name: Huck, Alexander
name: Wang, Bi-Ying
name: Musiał, Anna
name: Yvind, Kresten
name: Gregersen, Niels
name: Syperek, Marcin
name: Semenova, Elizaveta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Whereas the Si photonic platform is highly attractive for scalable optical quantum information processing, it lacks practical solutions for efficient photon generation. Self-assembled semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) efficiently emitting photons in the telecom bands ($1460-1625$ nm) allow for heterogeneous integration with Si. In this work, we report on a novel, robust, and industry-compatible approach for achieving single-photon emission from InAs/InP QDs heterogeneously integrated with a Si substrate. As a proof of concept, we demonstrate a simple vertical emitting device, employing a metallic mirror beneath the QD emitter, and experimentally obtained photon extraction efficiencies of $\sim10\%$. Nevertheless, the figures of merit of our structures are comparable with values previously only achieved for QDs emitting at shorter wavelength or by applying technically demanding fabrication processes. Our architecture and the simple fabrication procedure allows for the demonstration of a single-photon generation with purity $\mathcal{P}>98\%$ at the liquid helium temperature and $\mathcal{P}=75\%$ at $80$ K.
Droplet epitaxy symmetric InAs/InP quantum dots for quantum emission in the third telecom window: morphology, optical and electronic properties
Creators: name: Holewa, Paweł
name: Kadkhodazadeh, Shima
name: Gawełczyk, Michał
name: Baluta, Paweł
name: Musiał, Anna
name: Dubrovskii, Vladimir G.
name: Syperek, Marcin
name: Semenova, Elizaveta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The rapidly developing quantum communication technology requires deterministic quantum emitters that can generate single photons and entangled photon pairs in the third telecom window, in order to be compatible with existing optical fiber networks and on-chip silicon photonic processors. InAs/InP quantum dots (QDs) are among the leading candidates for this purpose, due to their high emission efficiency in the required spectral range. However, fabricating versatile InAs/InP QD-based quantum emitters is challenging, especially as these QDs typically have asymmetric profiles in the growth plane, resulting in a substantial bright-exciton fine structure splitting (FSS). This hinders the generation of entangled photon pairs and thus, compromises the versatility of InAs/InP QDs. We overcome this by implementing droplet epitaxy (DE) synthesis of low surface density (2.8$\times$10$^8$ cm$^{-2}$) InAs QDs on an (001)-oriented InP substrate. The resulting QDs are located in etched pits, have concave bases, and most importantly, have symmetric in-plane profiles. We provide an analytical model to explain the kinetics of pit formation and QD base shape modification. Our theoretical calculations of electronic states reveal the properties of neutral and charged excitons and biexcitons confined in such QDs, which agree with the optical investigations of individual QDs. The optical response of QD ensembles suggests that FSS may indeed be negligible, as reflected in the vanishing degree of linear polarization. However, single QD spectrum gathered from an etched mesa shows moderate FSS of (50$\pm$5) $μ$eV that we link to destructive changes made in the QD environment during the post-growth processing. Finally, we show that the studied DE QDs provide a close-to-ideal single-photon emission purity of (92.5$\pm$7.5) $\%$ in the third telecom window.
description: v2: an updated version of the manuscript
Global root traits (GRooT) database
Creators: name: Guerrero-Ramirez, Nathaly R.
name: Mommer, Liesje
name: Freschet, Gregoire T.
name: Iversen, Colleen M.
name: McCormack, M. Luke
name: Kattge, Jens
name: Poorter, Hendrik
name: Plas, Fons Van Der
name: Bergmann, Joana
name: Rillig, Matthias C.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Belowground ecology
subject: functional biogeography
subject: macroecological studies
subject: plant form and function
subject: publicly-available database
subject: root traits
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::580 Pflanzen (Botanik)::580 Pflanzen (Botanik)

description: Motivation: Trait data are fundamental to the quantitative description of plant form and function. Although root traits capture key dimensions related to plant responses to changing environmental conditions and effects on ecosystem processes, they have rarely been included in large-scale comparative studies and global models. For instance, root traits remain absent from nearly all studies that define the global spectrum of plant form and function. Thus, to overcome conceptual and methodological roadblocks preventing a widespread integration of root trait data into large-scale analyses we created the Global Root Trait (GRooT) Database. GRooT provides ready-to-use data by combining the expertise of root ecologists with data mobilization and curation. Specifically, we (a) determined a set of core root traits relevant to the description of plant form and function based on an assessment by experts, (b) maximized species coverage through data standardization within and among traits, and (c) implemented data quality checks. Main types of variables contained: GRooT contains 114,222 trait records on 38 continuous root traits. Spatial location and grain: Global coverage with data from arid, continental, polar, temperate and tropical biomes. Data on root traits were derived from experimental studies and field studies. Time period and grain: Data were recorded between 1911 and 2019. Major taxa and level of measurement: GRooT includes root trait data for which taxonomic information is available. Trait records vary in their taxonomic resolution, with subspecies or varieties being the highest and genera the lowest taxonomic resolution available. It contains information for 184 subspecies or varieties, 6,214 species, 1,967 genera and 254 families. Owing to variation in data sources, trait records in the database include both individual observations and mean values. Software format: GRooT includes two csv files. A GitHub repository contains the csv files and a script in R to query the database.
A large meteoritic event over Antarctica ca. 430 ka ago inferred from chondritic spherules from the Sør Rondane Mountains
Creators: name: Ginneken, M. Van
name: Goderis, S.
name: Artemieva, Natalia
name: Debaille, V.
name: Decree, S.
name: Harvey, R. P.
name: Huwig, K. A.
name: Hecht, Lutz
name: Yang, S.
name: Kaufmann, F. E. D.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: meteoritic event
subject: Antarctica
subject: condensation spherules
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::550 Geowissenschaften, Geologie::551 Geologie, Hydrologie, Meteorologie

description: Large airbursts, the most frequent hazardous impact events, are estimated to occur orders of magnitude more frequently than crater-forming impacts. However, finding traces of these events is impeded by the difficulty of identifying them in the recent geological record. Here, we describe condensation spherules found on top of Walnumfjellet in the Sør Rondane Mountains, Antarctica. Affinities with similar spherules found in EPICA Dome C and Dome Fuji ice cores suggest that these particles were produced during a single-asteroid impact ca. 430 thousand years (ka) ago. The lack of a confirmed crater on the Antarctic ice sheet and geochemical and 18O-poor oxygen isotope signatures allow us to hypothesize that the impact particles result from a touchdown event, in which a projectile vapor jet interacts with the Antarctic ice sheet. Numerical models support a touchdown scenario. This study has implications for the identification and inventory of large cosmic events on Earth.
Suppl_Tables – Supplemental material for Memory improvement in multiple sclerosis after an extensive cognitive rehabilitation program in groups with a multicenter double-blind randomized trial
Creators: name: Brissart, Helene
name: Omorou, Abdou Y
name: Forthoffer, Natacha
name: Berger, Eric
name: Moreau, Thibault
name: Seze, Jerome De
name: Morele, Elodie
name: Debouverie, Marc
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 110904 Neurology and Neuromuscular Diseases
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 110314 Orthopaedics
subject: 110604 Sports Medicine
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Supplemental material, Suppl_Tables for Memory improvement in multiple sclerosis after an extensive cognitive rehabilitation program in groups with a multicenter double-blind randomized trial by Helene Brissart, Abdou Y Omorou, Natacha Forthoffer, Eric Berger, Thibault Moreau, Jerome De Seze, Elodie Morele and Marc Debouverie in Clinical Rehabilitation
THE EFFECT OF AIR POLLUTION ON SOPHORA JAPONICA (LEGUMINOSAE) AND EULECANIUM GIGANTEUM (SHINJI) (HEMIPTERA: COCCOIDEA: COCCIDAE) IN URBAN AREAS IN CHINA
Creators: name: Xue, Jiaoliang
name: Xie, Yingping
name: Liu, Hongxia
name: Liu, Jiquan
name: Li, Yangfang
Publisher: name: Entomologica
Year: 2016

description: THE EFFECT OF AIR POLLUTION ON SOPHORA JAPONICA (LEGUMINOSAE) AND EULECANIUM GIGANTEUM (SHINJI) (HEMIPTERA: COCCOIDEA: COCCIDAE) IN URBAN AREAS IN CHINA.

A study was made of the effect of two air pollutants (sulphur dioxide and lead) on the pest status of the soft scale Eulecanium giganteum (Shinji) and on the accumulation of sulphur and lead in the scale’s host tree, Sophora japonica, in three cities in China, namely Taiyuan, Yuci and Taigu. E. giganteum is a major pest of several tree species in many cities in China where air pollution can be high. This study showed a positive correlation between the level of the pollutants in the trees and the populations of the scale. The leaves absorbed and accumulated a greater amount of sulphur dioxide (SO2 - as sulphur) and lead (Pb) than the twigs, but the trends were the same in each, namely with high levels in these tissues in the Spring and early Autumn. It is concluded that E. giganteum can withstand high levels of pollutants, both within the host plant and in the environment, whereas its natural enemies may not.

Key words: urban areas, biology, percentage parasitism, sap quality, pollution levels, Beijing utila, Microterys clauseni, Blastothrix sericea, Eucomys sasakii, Anisetus, Coccinellidae, Helicodinidae, Encyrtidae, Coccinella septempunctata, Harmonia axyridis, Chilocorus rubidus.
description: Entomologica, Vol 33 (1999)
title: Packaged weddings, packaged brides : The Japanese ceremonial occasions industry.
Creators: name: Goldstein-Gidoni, Ofra
Publisher: name: SOAS University of London
Year: 1993

description: This thesis is concerned with the Japanese Ceremonial Occasions industry, and in particular with contemporary Japanese weddings which are viewed as commercialized productions for a highly consumerist society. The study is mainly based on anthropological fieldwork conducted in an urban wedding parlour. The perspective offered diverges from those of previous studies in that its focus is on weddings, rather than marriage, and on the activities of the wedding producers, rather than those of its principal actors. The thesis shows how both 'traditional' and 'Western' traits found in commercial weddings are manipulated by the Ceremonial Occasions industry which is heavily involved in the 'invention of traditions'. Although such invention has hitherto and elsewhere been analysed in terms of political or national aims, the argument here is that traditions may also be created for economic, or business, purposes. Such a viewpoint enables me to reconsider ways in which Japanese social organization has previously been interpreted both by social anthropologists and by those contributing to what is known as studies of nihonjinron. Another major theme concerns Japanese women. The part women take in maintaining 'traditional' and 'feminine' pursuits such as kimono dressing, is examined against the background of the view of women as 'repositories of the past'. Gender distinctions are also considered in the context of the commercial wedding in which it is mainly women, or brides, who are 'objectified' and 'packaged' by the wedding industry. Another perspective on Japanese women pertains to various kinds of representations of women in the Ceremonial Occasions industry and in Japanese society. The thesis is also concerned with representation in general - at both practical and metaphorical levels. Photographs and other forms of visual representation are an essential part of the Ceremonial Occasions industry, and may be related to the emphasis on formality and form in general in Japanese ceremonies and social organization. Wedding representations of all kind are also regarded as part of a 'mirror' to a peculiar thing called 'Japaneseness' which is deliberately devised by the wedding producers and served, carefully packaged, to their customers.
title: Identification, localization and classification of the color VEP for application in color science
Creators: name: Fobugwe, Brandon
name: Klabes, Julian
name: Herzog, Alexander
name: Khanh, Tran
Publisher: name: TU Ilmenau
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: EEG
subject: VEP
subject: Visual processing
subject: Color Preference
subject: 621.3

description: Experimental research on the preference of a light stimulus still mostly relies on subjective feedback of participants which is why Electroencephalogram (EEG) recordings could meaningfully enrich those experiments by providing low-level psychological response data. There is little research on the influence of color on Visually Evoked Potentials (VEP) or the visual pathway regarding color perception and even less is known about visual processing with regards to color preference. This work shows that it is possible to both linearly separate EEG for differently colored stimuli as well as to spatially separate the VEPs with regards to different visual areas in the visual cortex all by employing a consumer-grade EEG device. High-luminance stimuli as well as the presented red stimuli produce higher peak VEPs than the produced lowluminance and green stimuli. Furthermore, the Color VEP seems to propagate from the primary visual cortex V1 towards the secondary visual cortex V2 which corroborates the assumptions of a hierarchical visual processing of color. This work was done in anticipation of further research which is meant to eventually find a link between color metrics, color preference and EEG features.
description: Lux junior 2024: 17. Internationales Forum für den lichttechnischen Nachwuchs, 6. – 8. September 2024, Ilmenau : Tagungsband, p. 67
Safeguarding freshwater life beyond 2020: Recommendations for the new global biodiversity framework from the European experience
Creators: name: Rees, Charles B. Van
name: Waylen, Kerry A.
name: Schmidt-Kloiber, Astrid
name: Thackeray, Stephen J.
name: Kalinkat, Gregor
name: Martens, Koen
name: Domisch, Sami
name: Lillebø, Ana I.
name: Hermoso, Virgilio
name: Monaghan, Michael T.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: climate change
subject: conservation
subject: ecosystem services
subject: rivers
subject: sustainable development goals
subject: water resources
subject: wetlands
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: Plans are currently being drafted for the next decade of action on biodiversity-both the post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) and Biodiversity Strategy of the European Union (EU). Freshwater biodiversity is disproportionately threatened and underprioritized relative to the marine and terrestrial biota, despite supporting a richness of species and ecosystems with their own intrinsic value and providing multiple essential ecosystem services. Future policies and strategies must have a greater focus on the unique ecology of freshwater life and its multiple threats, and now is a critical time to reflect on how this may be achieved. We identify priority topics including environmental flows, water quality, invasive species, integrated water resources management, strategic conservation planning, and emerging technologies for freshwater ecosystem monitoring. We synthesize these topics with decades of first-hand experience and recent literature into 14 special recommendations for global freshwater biodiversity conservation based on the successes and setbacks of European policy, management, and research. Applying and following these recommendations will inform and enhance the ability of global and European post-2020 biodiversity agreements to halt and reverse the rapid global decline of freshwater biodiversity.
Reviewer_1_v.1 – Supplemental material for Rapid and precise diagnosis of T. marneffei pulmonary infection in a HIV-negative patient with autosomal-dominant STAT3 mutation: a case report
Creators: name: Zhang, Wei
name: Ye, Jian
name: Qiu, Chenhui
name: Wang, Limin
name: Jin, Weizhong
name: Jiang, Chunming
name: Xu, Lihui
name: Xu, Jianping
name: Li, Yue
name: Wang, Liusheng
name: Jin, Hualiang
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2020
Subjects: Aged Health Care
Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Respiratory Diseases

description: Supplemental material, Reviewer_1_v.1 for Rapid and precise diagnosis of T. marneffei pulmonary infection in a HIV-negative patient with autosomal-dominant STAT3 mutation: a case report by Wei Zhang, Jian Ye, Chenhui Qiu, Limin Wang, Weizhong Jin, Chunming Jiang, Lihui Xu, Jianping Xu, Yue Li, Liusheng Wang and Hualiang Jin in Therapeutic Advances in Respiratory Disease
title: European newspaper reviewing of African literature in the 1980s.
Creators: name: Spiga, Giordano
Publisher: name: SOAS University of London
Year: 1993

description: This piece of research aims at analysing newspaper reviews of African literature in four European countries (Great Britain, France, Spain and Italy) in the 1980s. It also aims at demonstrating that the figure of the so-called 'committed' reviewer still exists. The survey is based on a body of approximately 300 reviews taken from 14 newspapers. Some of the papers represent the main national dailies; others may be regarded as representative of different ideological stances. In order to deal with as many aspects as possible of newspaper criticism, the thesis is divided into three parts, in which four different approaches have been adopted: theoretical, statistical, thematic and case-study work. Part One (consisting of Chapters One, Two and Three) provides a theoretical and statistical introduction. Chapter One will tackle the notion of literature as a 'joint social operation'. Moreover, it will try to define a 'review' while illustrating several approaches to the related notion of a review as a text. It will also deal with a current European debate on the nature and state of newspaper reviewing. Chapters Two and Three will consist of a statistical. analyisis aimed at pointing out the main trends in European newspaper reviewing of African literature as well as other aspects such as the frequency of reviewing. Part Two, consisting of Chapters Four, Five and Six, represents a thematic analysis. The Introduction to Part Two will provide a theoretical introduction to the thematic analysis. Chapters Four, Five and Six deal with aspects of reviewing such as the multiplicity of voices (Chapter Four), the aims of reviewing (Chapter Five) and the representation of otherness (Chapter Six). Chapter Six, in particular, will aim at providing the following questions with an answer: 1) Are there any typical ways of representing White South African, Black African or North African literature? 2) Are the ideological stances of a newspaper always manifest in reviewing? Part Three, finally, (consisting of Chapters Seven and Eight) contains the presentation of case-study work. Chapter Seven will analyse the style and technique of some 'regular' contributors. Chapter Eight will deal with those very short reviews that may be often regarded as 'cultural fast-food'.
SCALE INSECT BIOLOGY AND BEHAVIOUR: Poster abstract OBSERVATIONS ON THE POPULATION DEVELOPMENT OF PSEUDAULACASPIS PENTAGONA (HEMIPTERA: COCCOIDEA: DIASPIDIDAE) UNDER SEMI-FIELD CONDITIONS IN THE EAST MEDITERRANEAN REGION OF TURKEY
Creators: name: Erkilic, L.B.
name: Uygun, N.
Publisher: name: Entomologica
Year: 2016

description: Populations of Pseudaulacaspis pentagona (Targioni Tozzetti) were observed on naturally infested young peach trees (cv. ‘June Gold’), kept in 2x2x2m cages covered in cheese cloth under semi-field conditions. Overwintering adult females were marked (1x2.5cm) on the plants with special glue (Tangle Trap). Both the number of crawlers produced by each female and the duration of each development stage were recorded. In each generation, 35 females were observed. P. pentagona had four generations a year and the first crawlers appeared from overwintered females at the beginning of April. The first generation was completed in May, the second in July, the third in August and the fourth in September. The duration of each generation was found to vary significantly in relation to temperature, with the first generation taking the longest (71.6 days) and the second generation the shortest (61.2 days). The number of crawlers produced by each generation was also found to vary significantly. The greatest number of crawlers (99.4 crawlers per female) was produced by the overwintering females and the lowest number of crawlers (17.9 crawlers per female) by the fourth generation.
description: Entomologica, Vol 33 (1999)
Legacy effects of pre-crop plant functional group on fungal root symbionts of barley
Creators: name: Roy, Julien
name: Duijnen, Richard Van
name: Leifheit, Eva F.
name: Mbedi, Susan
name: Temperton, Vicky M.
name: Rillig, Matthias C.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: agro-ecosystems
subject: amplicon sequence variants
subject: arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi
subject: crop rotation
subject: mesocosm experiment
subject: phylogenetic scale
subject: plant–soil feedback
subject: sustainable agriculture
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi, a group of widespread fungal symbionts of crops, could be important in driving crop yield across crop rotations through plant–soil feedbacks (PSF). However, whether preceding crops have a legacy effect on the AM fungi of the subsequent crop is poorly known. We set up an outdoor mesocosm crop rotation experiment that consisted of a first phase growing either one of four pre-crops establishing AM and/or rhizobial symbiosis or not (spring barley, faba bean, lupine, canola), followed by an AM crop, winter barley. After the pre-crop harvest, carbon-rich organic substrates were applied to test whether it attenuated, accentuated or modified the effect of pre-crops. The pre-crop mycorrhizal status, but not its rhizobial status, affected the richness and composition of AM fungi, and this difference, in particular community composition, persisted and increased in the roots of winter barley. The effect of a pre-crop was driven by its single symbiotic group, not its mixed symbiotic group and/or by a crop-species-specific effect. This demonstrates that the pre-crop symbiotic group has lasting legacy effects on the AM fungal communities and may steer the AM fungal community succession across rotation phases. This effect was accentuated by sawdust amendment, but not wheat straw. Based on the previous observation of decreased crop yield after AM pre-crops, our findings suggest negative PSF at the level of the plant symbiotic group driven by a legacy effect of crop rotation history on AM fungal communities, and that a focus on crop symbiotic group offers additional understanding of PSF.
title: The theory of negation in Indian logic.
Creators: name: Sharma, Dhirendra
Publisher: name: SOAS University of London
Year: 1961

description: This thesis is concerned with the problems of negation as they appear in the logical writings of India, In the first chapter, after discussing the paradox of negative judgment, - how can a negative; judgment be descriptive of a positive reality, - we have tried to present the problems discussed mainly in the early writings of the realist systems, namely, the Nyaya, the Vaisesika, and the Purva Mimamsa of the Bhatta school. The realists advocated the acceptance of a real Nonexistence as a corresponding object of a negative judgment. I have suggested that in advancing this theory they also relied upon their doctrines of negative emancipation and their principle of causality - "the not-pre-existent-effect." The second chapter is devoted to the theories of the Buddhist and the Prabhakara logicians. According to these logicians the paradox can be solved by explaining negation in terms of the positive factors involved in it. In the third chapter I have tried to show that the principle of double negation appears to be first applied in India by the Buddhist logicians and that the use of double negation is at least as old as the theory of logical discrimination or Apoha. That is that the affirmation of A implies the denial of not-A. I have also investigated the problem of 'mutual-absence' versus 'constant-absence' and have discussed complex types of negation which are unique to the later (neo-Nyaya) writings of India. The fourth chapter is concerned with the epistemological problem: How do we know the absence of a thing? We have presented Kumarila Bhatta's realistic solution that the absence being real must be known by an independent negative means of its own called "Negation" (abhava). After having investigated the Buddhist theory that the knowledge of absence is only an inferential judgment I have pointed out that the inferential principle of 'anupalabdhi' or Non-perception is originally a Buddhist one and that the view, upheld by some modem scholars, that it was originated by Kumarila, is wrong. Lastly I have tried to describe the later Nyaya-Vaisesika theory according to which all negative cognitions are perceived through a unique relation between the absence and the locus which is in direct contact with the sense organs. The first part of the fifth chapter forms a short introduction to the Buddhist theory of Apoha. In the second part a complete English translation of the Apohasiddhi of Ratnakirti is provided. In the pages under the heading of 'conclusion' I have surveyed the problem of negative judgment and have tried to compare some Indian and Western theories of negation.
Analysis of hair steroid hormones in polar bears (Ursus maritimus) via liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry: comparison with two immunoassays and application for longitudinal monitoring in zoos
Creators: name: Hein, Anna
name: Baumgartner, Katrin
name: Fersen, Lorenzo Von
name: Bechshoft, Thea
name: Woelfing, Benno
name: Kirschbaum, Clemens
name: Mastromonaco, Gabriela
name: Greenwood, Alex D.
name: Siebert, Ursula
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cortisol
subject: Hair
subject: Steroid hormones
subject: Non-invasive
subject: LC–MS/MS
subject: Ursus maritimus
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::630 Landwirtschaft::630 Landwirtschaft und verwandte Bereiche

description: Analysis of hair cortisol concentrations (HCCs) is a promising method for monitoring long-term stress in mammals. However, previous measurements of HCCs in polar bears (Ursus maritimus) have yielded highly variable results, which are likely due to different methodological approaches. In this study, hair samples of zoo-housed polar bears were analyzed for cortisol with two independent immunoassays [an enzyme-linked immunoassay (EIA) and a chemiluminescence assay (CLIA)] and liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS). HCC measurements depended significantly on assay type applied, sample processing (cutting vs. powdering hair) and their interaction. Best agreement was observed between LC–MS/MS and CLIA (R2 = 0.81 for powdered hair) and sample processing had a minor, albeit significant, effect on obtained HCC measurements in these assays (R2 > 0.9). EIA measurements were consistently higher than with the other assays. HCC measurement was validated biologically for CLIA and LC–MS/MS in one male polar bear that experienced considerable stress for a prolonged period of time (> 18 weeks). Subsequently, by using the validated LC–MS/MS the measurement of cortisol could be complemented by the analysis of other steroids including cortisone, testosterone and progesterone levels from hair samples collected over a 9-month period (5–13 months) from six zoo-housed polar bears (five males, one female). No seasonal steroid variation was observed except in male progesterone levels. For all steroids except cortisone, a strong body region effect (neck or paw) was observed. Cortisol and cortisone, as well as progesterone and testosterone, concentrations were positively correlated. We show that hair steroid concentrations can be used to longitudinally measure stress and reproductive hormone axes in polar bears. The data established herein provide important basic information regarding methodology and study design for assessing hair steroid hormones.
The latent structure of global scientific development
Creators: name: Miao, Lili
name: Murray, Dakota
name: Jung, Woo-Sung
name: Larivière, Vincent
name: Sugimoto, Cassidy R.
name: Ahn, Yong-Yeol
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Science is essential to innovation and economic prosperity. Although studies have shown that national scientific development is affected by geographic, historic, and economic factors, it remains unclear whether there are universal structures and trajectories of national scientific development that can inform forecasting and policymaking. Here, by examining countries' scientific 'exports'-publications that are indexed in international databases-we reveal a three-cluster structure in the relatedness network of disciplines that underpin national scientific development and the organization of global science. Tracing the evolution of national research portfolios reveals that while nations are proceeding to more diverse research profiles individually, scientific production is increasingly specialized in global science over the past decades. By uncovering the underlying structure of scientific development and connecting it with economic development, our results may offer a new perspective on the evolution of global science.
description: 30 pages(main text), 5 figures(main text), 3 tables(main text)
SEMIOCHEMICAL ACTIVITY OF PHEROMONES AND ANALOGUES OF THREE MATSUCOCCUS SPECIES (HEMIPTERA: COCCOIDEA: MATSUCOCCIDAE)
Creators: name: Dunkelblum, E.
name: Mori, K.
name: Mendel, Z.
Publisher: name: Entomologica
Year: 2016

description: SEMIOCHEMICAL ACTIVITY OF PHEROMONES AND ANALOGUES OF THREE MATSUCOCCUS SPECIES (HEMIPTERA: COCCOIDEA: MATSUCOCCIDAE).

The sex pheromone of the Israeli pine bast scale, Matsucoccus josephi Bodenheimer & Harpaz (Homoptera: Matsucoccidae), was identified as the ketone (2E,5R,6E,8E)-5,7-dimethyl-2,6,8- decatrien-4-one. The chiral diene chain is common also to the sex pheromones of M. matsumurae Bean & Godwin and M. feytaudi Ducasse. The species-specificity of the three pheromones is due to the differences in the second side chain of these ketones. Field and GC- EAD studies indicated that the sex pheromones of each of the three Matsucoccus spp. is a potent kairomone of both males and females of the predator Elatophilus hebraicus Pericart (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae). The response of E. hebraicus to the sex pheromones of M. matsumurae and M. feytaudi is particularly interesting since it does not occur in the distribution area of these two congeneric spp. These results prompted us to prepare a series of analogues with variations in the two side chains in order to probe the structure-activity relationship of the pheromonal/kairomonal attractancy of M. josephi and E. hebraicus. Field results indicate that alterations in the common diene moiety affected the kairomonal activity, while structural changes in the second side chain markedly reduced the pheromonal activity.

Key words: stereoisomer.
description: Entomologica, Vol 33 (1999)
title: The structure of sentences in Mende.
Creators: name: Innes, Gordon
Publisher: name: SOAS University of London
Year: 1961

description: Word classes are set up by assigning to a single class those words which occur in the same test frame (or set of test frames), those frames being chosen which yield those word classes demanded by the subsequent description of sentence structures. This classification differs markedly from that of all Mende grammars, perhaps especially in that here no class of verbs is recognised. A phrase like nya hale, "treat me with medicine", which has always been described as the imperative of the verb hale, preceded by the object pronoun nya, is here regarded as a possessive complex. Also treated as a possessive complex is the phrase nya hale, "my medicine", which is traditionally described as consisting of the possessive pronoun nya and the noun hale. The pair nya hale, "treat me with medicine" and nya hale, "my medicine', are here held to differ in respect of the kind of possessive complex, (called here subjective end objective complexes respectively), as is shown by the difference of tone pattern, and not in respect of a difference of the word class of hale. Syntactically comparable with the pair pay nya hale is the pair nya woli, ''my ear' (of my own body) nya woli, "my ear" (e.g. a cow's ear which belongs to me). A description is given of all the types of complex, both subjective and objective, which are distinguished. A small number of types of simple initiating sentences is recognised, and the minimum sentence of each type is described in terms of the number of contrastive positions which it contains, the relative order of these, and the word classes and complex types that occur in each. Expansions of each minimum sentence are then similarly described.