Gyrophaena marjakata Enushchenko 2018, sp.n.
Creators: name: Enushchenko, Ilya V.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Staphylinidae
Gyrophaena
Gyrophaena marjakata

description: Gyrophaena (s. str.) marjakata Enushchenko, sp.n.
(Figs. 11–16)
Type material examined: Holotype: 1 ♂ [Specimen was re-glued by me on a white rectangular card; a plastic card with a preparation of the aedeagus and abdominal segments VIII–IX in Canada balsam was pinned under the card with specimen: USA: ‘Ariz[ona].: Graham Co[unty] | Pinaleno Mtns. | Wet Canyon | 5-IX-1976 ’, ‘sift litter | along stream | D.S. Chandler’, ‘ HOLOTYPE | Gyrophaena | marjakata sp.n. | Enushchenko I.V. | 2018 des.’ <red printed label> (FMNH).
Paratypes: 5 ♂, 12 ♀ [All paratypes are glued across narrow-triangular cards]: ‘Ariz[ona].: Graham Co[unty] | Pinaleno Mtns. | Wet Canyon | 5-IX-1976 ’, ‘sift litter | along stream | D.S. Chandler’, ‘ PARATYPE | Gyrophaena | marjakata sp.n. | Enushchenko I.V. | 2018 des.’ <red printed label> (FMNH: 3 ♂, 10 ♀, cIE: 2 ♂, 2 ♀).
Description. Body length 1.70–2.20 mm; head brownish-black; pronotum, elytra and abdomen brown to dark brown; antennomeres I–IV yellow; antennomeres IV–XI yellowish red. Habitus as in Fig. 11. Body with reticulate microsculpture, more distinct on head and elytra. Head 1.4 times wider than long; with small, shallow, indistinct punctures in middle. Eyes slightly more than twice as long as wide. Antennal segment III slender and long, 1.3 times as long as IV, antennomeres IV–X incrassate; IV–V elongate, VI–X subquadrate to feebly transverse; segment X conical, 1.5 times longer than wide. Pronotum 1.8 times as wide as long, 1.3 times as wide as head; with weak, reticulate microsculpture and sparse distinct punctures in median area; basal portion of pronotum impunctate. Elytra 1.3–1.6 times wider than long and 1.6 times as wide as pronotum, with distinct reticulate microsculpture; each elytron with indistinct, sparse, small punctation and well-defined tubercles on external posterior angles. Microsculpture of abdomen as that on pronotum.
Male. Middle part of abdominal tergite VII with small medial tubercle; apical margin of abdominal tergite VIII with two strong, slightly incurved, rather obtuse lateral processes, and short, wide median tooth (Fig. 13); abdominal tergite IX as in Fig 14. Ventral plate of aedeagus wide and complex, with elongate bifurcate inferior part, curved acute superior part and strongly protruded latero-dorsal process, with very deep rounded notch between inferior and superior parts; dorsal projection of internal sac narrowly elongate, twisted (Fig. 12).
Female. Tergite VIII strongly transverse, trapezoid, with a small tip at the top (Fig. 15); sternite VIII rather acute rounded apically (Fig. 16).
Comparative notes. Based on the shape of antennomeres, arrangements of pronotal and elytral punctures and microsculpture, G. marjakata sp.n. belongs to the coniciventris group consisting of six Nearctic (G. arizonae Seevers 1951, G. barberi Seevers 1951, G. blatchleyi Severs 1951, G. coniciventris Casey 1906, G. huachucae Seevers 1951, G. spatulata Seevers 1951) and two Euro-asiatic species: the widespread G. manca Erichson 1839 and G. aedugena Enushchenko 2011, described from the Baikal Region (Enushchenko & Shavrin, 2011).
In the punctation, microsculpture of the body, shapes and structure of the aedeagus and male abdominal tergite IX, G. marjakata sp.n. is more similar to G. blatchleyi (Figs. 17–20), distributed in Michigan and Indiana, and can be distinguished from the latter by the larger body, darker coloration, distinctly elongated antennomere V and by the shape of the ventral plate of the aedeagus (pronotum of G. blatchleyi yellow-red, elytra and abdomen uniformly red-brown; antennomere V slightly transverse to slightly elongated; ventral plate of aedeagus wide, with acute and very small superior protrusion on medio-ventral margin of latero-dorsal process, as in Fig. 19).
Etymology. The new species name is derived from the Uichol/Huichol Indians (the tribe of Central and West Mexico) ‘ mara’akate ’/‘ mara’akame ’ (plur.), (sacrificer), shaman performing the ceremony of eating sacred mushrooms and plants.
Gyrophaena (s. str.) velada Enushchenko, sp.n.
(Figs. 21–25)
Type material examined: Holotype: 1 ♂ [Specimen was re-glued by me on a white rectangular card; a plastic plate with a preparation of the aedeagus, parameres and abdominal segments VIII–X in Canada balsam was pinned under the card with specimen]: USA: ‘USA: Arizona, Cochise Co[unty]. | n[ea]r. Portal Chiricahua | Mtns., below Rustlers P[ar]k. | 24-VIII-1965 ’, ‘FMHD #65-495. | on mushroom, | H.S. Dybas’, ‘ HOLOTYPE | Gyrophaena | velada sp.n. | Enushchenko I.V. | 2018 des.’ <red printed label> (FMNH).
Paratypes: 2 ♂, 1 ♀ [Both paratypes were re-glued by me on white rectangular plates]: USA: ‘USA: Arizona, Cochise Co[unty]. | n[ea]r. Portal Chiricahua | Mtns., below Rustlers P[ar]k. | 24-VIII-1965 ’, ‘FMHD #65-495. | on mushroom, | H.S. Dybas’, ‘ PARATYPE | Gyrophaena | velada sp.n. | Enushchenko I.V. | 2018 des.’ <red printed label> (FMNH); 1 spec. [Unsexed (without abdominal tergites IV-VIII and apical segment); Specimen is glued on a narrow-triangular plate]: USA: ‘USA: Arizona, Cochise Co[unty]. | n[ea]r. Portal Chiricahua | Mtns., below Rustlers P[ar]k. | 24-VIII-1965 ’, ‘FMHD #65-495. | on mushroom, | H.S. Dybas’, ‘ PARATYPE | Gyrophaena | velada sp.n. | Enushchenko I.V. | 2018 des.’ <red printed label> (FMNH).
Description. Body length 2.10–2.40 mm. Head brown; pronotum, elytra and abdomen yellow-red to yellowbrown; antennae, mouthparts and legs yellow to yellow-red. Microsculpture moderately strongly reticulate. Habitus as in Fig. 21. Head 1.4 times as wide as long, with well distinct reticulate microsculpture and rather large punctures in middle. Antennomere III elongate, slender and long, 1.7 times as long as IV, antennomeres IV–X distinctly incrassate, antennomere IV longer than wide, antennomeres V and VI moderately large, distinctly elongate, antennomeres VII–X feebly elongate, subquadrate; apical antennomere conical, twice longer than wide. Pronotum 1.3 times as wide as long and head; vertex with distinct reticulate microsculpture and two rows of small, weak punctures in median part; medio-basal portion of pronotum impunctate.
Male. Middle part of abdominal tergite VII with smooth median tubercle; abdominal tergite VIII with two long, slightly incurved lateral teeth and three short ones between them; medial tooth short, wide angled (Fig. 23). Aedeagus (Fig. 22) with ventral plate strongly protruded laterally, bifurcate into smaller and narrower inferior part, hook-shaped, curved apically and wider and more convex in the middle part with small curved apex and narrow elongate superior part; apical portion of median lobe with narrow long and moderately wide and twisted dorsal projection; dorsal projection of very narrow internal sac slightly exceeding apex of median lobe.
Female. Abdominal tergite VIII wide trapezoid (Fig. 24); abdominal sternite VIII broadly rounded apically (Fig. 25).
Comparative notes. Based on the coloration of the body, shape of male abdominal tergite VIII and aedeagus, G. velada sp.n. is similar to G. coniciventris (Figs. 26–28), known from eastern states of the United States (Seevers 1951), and differs from the latter by the larger body, distinctly elongated antennomere V, stronger microsculpture of the fore-body, more distinct punctation of the head, and by distinctly narrower projections of the ventral plate of the aedeagus, with long and very narrow superior part (superior part of ventral plate of the aedeagus of G. coniciventris significantly shorter and wider, with bilobate apex, as in Fig. 27).
Etymology. The name of a new species is derived from the word ‘ velada ’ (evening, in Spanish), the name of the healing vigils carried out by Masatec/Mazateco Indians during the rituals involving the use of magic mushrooms during the secret ceremony of communication with spirits and to experience enlightenment.
description: Published as part of Enushchenko, Ilya V., 2018, Five new species of the tribe Gyrophaenina Kraatz 1830 (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae) from the southern part of the United States, pp. 209-224 in Zootaxa 4504 (2) on pages 214-219, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4504.2.3, http://zenodo.org/record/2606266