cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Do young people in Australian educational systems receive adequate support to feel empowered in engaging with Sustainable Development Goals?
Creators: name: Morley, Sarah
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Sustainable development
Climatic changes--Government policy
Youth--Political activity
Sustainable development--Citizen participation
Education and state

description: With the anticipated rise of over double the Paris Agreement’s 2°C goal, climate change is likely to jeopardize the pros- perity of future generations. Thus, it has become increasingly apparent that young demographics must be integrated into the process required to achieve the UN’s Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) owing to their disproportionately threatened futures over that of adult demographics. A major barrier to children engaging with SDG progress is evident in Australian educational policies, which fail to provide adequate opportunities for young people. Moreover, a lack of individual autonomy in young people can lead to feelings of disempowerment regarding sustainability. Hence, at the present moment, young people in Australian educational institutions are deprived of adequate support systems that could help them feel empowered by contributing to sustainability progress. Research methods undertaken for this paper include literature review, interviews with Australian students and teachers, research into successful international frameworks for youth programs, policy review, and analysis of Australian educational frameworks. Opportunities for empowerment through education and intergenerational support are vital for children to be integrated into the work of SDGs. This fails to transpire within Australian educational institutions. Although there exist various independent organisations which promote tools for youth empowerment throughout Australia, the lack of wider systematic support results in insufficient accessibility for teachers and students alike. Whilst young people possess the capacity to play a role in politically securitising climate change and the achievement of SDGs, supportive systems are required through structural changes, including policy, to initiate progress.
Comparing and contrasting nuclei and cold atomic gases
Creators: name: Zinner, N. T.
name: Jensen, A. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The experimental revolution in ultracold atomic gas physics over the past decades have brought tremendous amounts of new insight to the world of degenerate quantum systems. Here we compare and constrast the developments of cold atomic gases with the physics of nuclei since many concepts, techniques, and nomenclatures are common to both fields. However, nuclei are finite systems with interactions that are typically much more complicated than those of ultracold atomic gases. The simularities and differences must therefore be carefully addressed for a meaningful comparison and to facilitate fruitful crossdisciplinary activity. Universal results from atomic physics should have impact in certain limits of the nuclear domain. In particular, with advances in the trapping of few-body atomic systems we expect a more direct exchange of ideas and results.
description: 68 pages, 14 figures, abridged abstract
Excitations of a trapped two component Bose Einstein Condensate
Creators: name: Ticknor, Christopher
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present analysis of the excitation spectrum for a 2 component quasi2D Bose Einstein Condensate. We study how the character of the excitations change across the miscible to immiscible phase transition. We find that the bulk excitations are typical of a single-component BEC with the addition of interface bending excitations. We study how these excitations change as a function of the interaction strength.
Validation of a Limited Information Shared Controller: A Comparative Study
Creators: name: Varga, Balint
name: Rothfuß, Simon
name: Hohmann, Sören
Publisher: name: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Year: 2022
Subjects: Large Vehicle Manipulator
Mobile Manipulator
Human-Machine Cooperation
Limited Information Shared Controller
Validation
Simulator Experiment

description: This paper presents the validation and the comparative study of a shared control concept for a large vehicle manipulator (LVM). The state-of-the-art controlling a LVM is manual control: The operator controls the manipulator to carry out a specific task and keeps the vehicle on the road. Easing the work for the operator, an automatic lane-keeping of the vehicle can be taken into account: An automation of the vehicle which keeps it on its reference, but without taking into consideration of the manipulator's specific task. However, the operator has his specific task with the manipulator, and therefore, such automation may not be satisfying. Therefore, this paper presents the validation and compares the Limited Information Shared Controller (LISC) proposed previously with the manual control mode. This step is crucial, showing the concept's applicability and benefits compared to the state-of-the-art solution. Thus, the LISC is compared with a non-cooperative controller (NCC) and the manual mode on a real-time simulator with test subjects. It has a more realistic experimental setup than in other studies because there is no predefined manipulator reference. The study results indicate that the NCC can lead to undesired motions of the overall system because the test subjects cannot carry out their specific task. On the other hand, the proposed the LISC of the vehicle can reduce the working load while supporting the operator in carrying out the manipulator's specific task.
The City Sprouted: The Rise of Brasília
Creators: name: Kelly, Jared
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Sustainable development
City planning
Social networks
Capitols

description: In 1891, Brazil’s constitution decreed that at some point in the future the capital would be moved from Rio de Janeiro to a new location towards the interior of the country. In the 1960s, the capital was moved to Brasília. While one of the wealthiest cities in Brazil today, there were significant costs to building Brasília. This article aims to survey the development of the new capital and the negative externalities which emerged following its development.
Quantum Corrections to the Polarizability and Dephasing in Isolated Disordered Metals
Creators: name: Treiber, M.
name: Ostrovsky, P. M.
name: Yevtushenko, O. M.
name: von Delft, J.
name: Lerner, I. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the quantum corrections to the polarizability of isolated metallic mesoscopic systems using the loop-expansion in diffusive propagators. We show that the difference between connected (grand-canonical ensemble) and isolated (canonical ensemble) systems appears only in subleading terms of the expansion, and can be neglected if the frequency of the external field, $ω$, is of the order of (or even slightly smaller than) the mean level spacing, $Δ$. If $ω\ll Δ$, the two-loop correction becomes important. We calculate it by systematically evaluating the ballistic parts (the Hikami boxes) of the corresponding diagrams and exploiting electroneutrality. Our theory allows one to take into account a finite dephasing rate, $γ$, generated by electron interactions, and it is complementary to the non-perturbative results obtained from a combination of Random Matrix Theory (RMT) and the $σ$-model, valid at $γ\to 0$. Remarkably, we find that the two-loop result for isolated systems with moderately weak dephasing, $γ\sim Δ$, is similar to the result of the RMT+$σ$-model even in the limit $ω\to 0$. For smaller $γ$, we discuss the possibility to interpolate between the perturbative and the non-perturbative results. We compare our results for the temperature dependence of the polarizability of isolated rings to the experimental data of Deblock \emph{et al} [\prl \ {\bf 84}, 5379 (2000); \prb \ {\bf 65}, 075301 (2002)], and we argue that the elusive 0D regime of dephasing might have manifested itself in the observed magneto-oscillations. Besides, we thoroughly discuss possible future measurements of the polarizability, which could aim to reveal the existence of 0D dephasing and the role of the Pauli blocking at small temperatures.
description: 12+ pages, 10 figures; version published in PRB
Multi-head Spatial-Spectral Mamba for Hyperspectral Image Classification
Creators: name: Ahmad, Muhammad
name: Butt, Muhammad Hassaan Farooq
name: Usama, Muhammad
name: Altuwaijri, Hamad Ahmed
name: Mazzara, Manuel
name: Distefano, Salvatore
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Spatial-Spectral Mamba (SSM) improves computational efficiency and captures long-range dependencies, addressing Transformer limitations. However, traditional Mamba models overlook rich spectral information in HSIs and struggle with high dimensionality and sequential data. To address these issues, we propose the SSM with multi-head self-attention and token enhancement (MHSSMamba). This model integrates spectral and spatial information by enhancing spectral tokens and using multi-head attention to capture complex relationships between spectral bands and spatial locations. It also manages long-range dependencies and the sequential nature of HSI data, preserving contextual information across spectral bands. MHSSMamba achieved remarkable classification accuracies of 97.62\% on Pavia University, 96.92\% on the University of Houston, 96.85\% on Salinas, and 99.49\% on Wuhan-longKou datasets. The source code is available at \href{https://github.com/MHassaanButt/MHA\_SS\_Mamba}{GitHub}.
3D $\mathcal{N}=1$ supergravity from Virasoro TQFT: Gravitational partition function and Out-of-time-order correlator
Creators: name: Bhattacharyya, Arpan
name: Ghosh, Saptaswa
name: Nandi, Poulami
name: Pal, Sounak
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we compute the partition functions of $\mathcal{N}=1$ SUGRA for different boundary topologies, i.e. sphere and torus, using super-Virasoro TQFT. We use fusion and modular kernels of the super-Liouville theory to compute the necklace-channel conformal block and showcase formalism by proving that the inner product holds for superconformal blocks, defined as states in the Hilbert space. Finally, we compute the out-of-time-order correlator for the torus topology with superconformal primary insertions as matter using the tools of super-Virasoro TQFT and investigate its early-time behaviour.
description: 52 pages, 4 Figures, 1 Table, Accepted in JHEP for publication
Greatly Enhanced Eccentricity Oscillations in Quadruple Systems Composed of Two Binaries: Implications for Stars, Planets, and Transients
Creators: name: Pejcha, Ondrej
name: Antognini, Joe M.
name: Shappee, Benjamin J.
name: Thompson, Todd A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the orbital evolution of hierarchical quadruple systems composed of two binaries on a long mutual orbit, where each binary acts as a Kozai-Lidov (KL) perturber on the other. We find that the coupling between the two binaries qualitatively changes the behavior of their KL cycles. The binaries can experience coherent eccentricity oscillations as well as excursions to very high eccentricity that occur over a much larger fraction of the parameter space than in triple systems. For a ratio of outer to inner semi-major axes of 10 to 20, about 30 to 50% of equal-mass quadruples reach eccentricity 1-e < 10^{-3} in one of the binaries. This is about 4 to 12 times more than for triples with equivalent parameters. Orbital "flips" and collisions without previous tidal interaction are similarly enhanced in quadruples relative to triples. We argue that the frequency of evolutionary paths influenced by KL cycles is comparable in the triple and quadruple populations even though field quadruples are a factor of ~5 less frequent than triples. Additionally, quadruples might be a non-negligible source of triples and provide fundamentally new evolutionary outcomes involving close binaries, mergers, collisions, and associated transients, which occur without any fine tuning of parameters. Finally, we study the perturbations to a planetary orbit due to a distant binary and we find that the fraction of orbital flips is a factor of 3 to 4 higher than for the corresponding triple system given our fiducial parameters with implications for hot Jupiters and star-planet collisions.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures, 1 table. Accepted to MNRAS. Added a figure showing the distribution of binary inclinations at the moment of collision. For a brief video explaining the key results of this paper, see http://youtu.be/x3xArX667r8
Geology of the Agua Dulce Canyon area, Los Angeles County, California
Creators: name: Menard, Henry William
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1947
Subjects: subject: Mint Canyon Formation
subject: Little Escondido Fault
subject: Agua Dulce Canyon
subject: Saugus Formation
subject: Bee Canyon Fault
subject: Burke Fault
subject: Modelo Formation
subject: Soledad Fault
subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: The Agua Dulce Canyon area is in the northwest quarter of Los Angeles County, California. Within it are exposed 4000 feet of the Oligocene (?) Vasquez series and 1400 feet of the Miocene Tick Canyon formation.  These are clastic sedimentary rocks distinguished by their unusual coarseness.

The Vasquez series is composed of sandstones and conglomerates, with some siltstone at the top of the section. These were deposited in a narrow continental basin that drained to the west, and were deprived from neighboring highlands to north, south, and east. Most appear to have been laid down in the form of alluvial fans or piedmont alluvial plains. A 3000 foot section of anorthosite-rich conglomerates, here referred doubtfully to the Vasquez series, is exposed in a fault block in the south part of the area.

The Tick Canyon formation lies unconformably above the Vasquez series. Only its basal parts are exposed within the Agua Dulce Canyon area. Those consist wholly of conglomerate beds, the lowest of which contain numerous cobbles derived from lavas of the Vasquez series.

Quaternary gravels form a maximum of thirty feet of terrace capping, and also fill Pleistocene and Recent stream channels.

Two groups of faults cut the Tertiary sediments. Those are located within the area as follows: the Soledad fault is near the southern border, the Burke fault and Little Escondido fault are in the southeast corner, the Bee Canyon fault and Escondido fault are in the center, and the Green Ranch fault is in the northwest corner. The Soledad fault and Bee Canyon fault are older than the others, which are on echelon faults. Vertical movement has been predominant.

A gentle syncline trending northeast-southwest folds Vasquez and Tick Canyon rocks in the northern half of the area.

A subdued erosion surface existed in Quaternary time.  Remnants can now be seen near the northern border of the area.  Well developed stream terraces in Agua Dulce Canyon were contemporaneous with this surface.  It is now being dissected by rejuvenated streams.
Light Energy: Our Wasted Resource
Creators: name: Tatro, Kaitlyn
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Sustainable development
Light pollution
Light emitting diodes
Stars
Blue light

description: Artificial light at night (ALAN) is a form of visual pollution and energy waste that is often overlooked. The International Dark Sky Association estimates that 30% of all lighting is strictly for the outdoors. Furthermore, 30% of all outdoor lighting is wasted, used (1) when not needed, or (2) pointing directly upwards. In 2017, the US wasted approximately 60 billion kilowatt hours (kWh), translating to a loss of more than $6.3 billion and CO2 emissions in excess of 23 billion pounds. ALAN has been linked to reduced production of melatonin, the body’s sleep-regulating hormone, which is associated with increased risk of hormonal cancers including breast and prostate cancer. In fact, the World Health Organization (WHO) now lists shift work as a type II risk for cancer. Light at night threatens migratory birds, a majority of which fly at night presumably using constellations as their guide. Light pollution paints the sky black, pushing astronomers to ever-shrinking dark zones suitable for studying the universe. In the most severely affected cities, only a handful of stars can be seen where once thousands dazzled gazers. Society’s overreliance on ALAN has resulted in energy waste, adverse health effects, and pervasive pollution contributing to climate change and concealing our starry night sky.
Spectator induced electromagnetic effect on directed flow in heavy ion collisions
Creators: name: Rybicki, Andrzej
name: Szczurek, Antoni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We estimate the electromagnetic effect of the spectator charge on azimuthal anisotropies observed in heavy ion collisions. For peripheral Pb+Pb reactions at the top energy of the CERN Super Proton Synchrotron, $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=17.3$ GeV, we predict this effect to bring very large distortions to the observed directed flow, $v_1$, of positive and negative pions emitted close to beam rapidity. The overall magnitude of this effect is comparable to values of $v_1$ reported by the WA98 experiment. We argue that also at lower rapidities, the spectator induced electromagnetic effect may result in the splitting of values of $v_1$ observed for positive and negative pions. Such a splitting is visible in the data reported by the STAR Collaboration from the RHIC Beam Energy Scan. Both effects are sensitive to the space-time scenario assumed for pion emission. Therefore, they bring new information on the collision dynamics.
description: 14 pages, 5 figures
title: АНАЛИЗ ВЛИЯНИЯ ОСОБЕННОСТЕЙ РЕЛЬЕФА НА РАЗВИТИЕ ПРОЦЕССОВ ЛИНЕЙНОЙ ВОДНОЙ ЭРОЗИИ НА ПАШНЕ СТАВРОПОЛЬСКОГО КРАЯ
Creators: name: Антонов , Сергей Анатольевич
Publisher: name: ФГБНУ "Северо-Кавказский федеральный научный аграрный центр"
Year: 2019

description: Цель исследования – провести анализ морфометрических характеристик пашни Ставропольского края для выявления особенностей рельефа, оказывающих влияние на развитие процессов линейной водной эрозии. Исследование проведено на базе лаборатории ГИС-технологий ФГБНУ Северо-Кавказский федеральный научный аграрный центр. Выявлен рост температуры по отдельным месяцам и увеличение количества осадков, которые часто имеют ливневый характер. Наблюдаемые изменения климата, неконтролируемое использование чистых паров и распашка сенокосов и пастбищ способствуют развитию процессов водной эрозии. По данным спутникового мониторинга в крае выявлено 332,2 тыс. га незаконно распаханных сенокосов и пастбищ. Из всех пахотных земель 1931 тыс. га (47%) подвержено линейной водной эрозии, на площади 382 тыс. га отмечается значительное разрушение почвенного покрова данным видом деградации. Анализ особенностей рельефа как фактора, оказывающего значительное влияние на развитие эрозионных процессов, проводился на основе ГИС-технологий и данных дистанционного зондирования Земли (SRTM). Оценка морфометрических характеристик пашни на основе средней интенсивности проявления водной эрозии показала преобладание деградированных земель на территориях с уклоном >3°. На данных участках на 1 га пашни приходится 20 м эрозионных размывов. При уменьшении уклона отмечается закономерное снижение интенсивности водной эрозии. Анализ экспозиций склонов деградированных земель показал, что наиболее подвержены данному виду деградации склоны южной, юго-западной и юго-восточной экспозиции, что связано с обильным снеготаянием в весенний период за счет дополнительно поступающего тепла.
В случае увеличения количества осадков в зимний период роль этого фактора будет возрастать. Для повышения эффективности определения факторов развития водной эрозии необходимо рассматривать их в комплексе – помимо морфометрических характеристик учитывая и особенности почвенного покрова, а также важную роль каркаса из полезащитных лесных полос.
title: ОЦЕНКА ГОМЕОСТАТИЧНОСТИ И ЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКОЙ ПЛАСТИЧНОСТИ СОРТОВ ОЗИМОГО ЯЧМЕНЯ, ВОЗДЕЛЫВАЕМЫХ НА СТАВРОПОЛЬЕ
Creators: name: Соколенко,  Нина Ивановна
name: Комаров , Николай Михайлович
Publisher: name: ФГБНУ "Северо-Кавказский федеральный научный аграрный центр"
Year: 2019

description: Цель исследования – оценка сортов озимого ячменя и выявление генотипов с высокой гомеостатичностью и экологической пластичностью для включения в селекционный процесс.
Работа проведена на экспериментальном поле ФГБНУ Северо-Кавказский ФНАЦ в 2014–2018 гг. Материалом исследования служили 10 сортов ячменя: Андрюша, Державный, Достойный, Кузен, Путник, Прикумский 85, Эспада, Кондрат, Платон, Хуторок, включённых в Госреестр РФ, и 2 новых сорта Валерий и Шторм.
Оценка проведена в коллекционном питомнике, предшественником был чистый пар, показатели гомеостатичности (Hom) рассчитаны по В.В. Хангильдину, экологической пластичности (bi) – по S.A. Eberhart, W.A. Rassell, в изложении В.З. Пакудина. Средняя урожайность ячменя за годы исследования составила 869 г/м2, диапазон варьирования по сортам – 732–1084 г/м2. Выделены сорта-лидеры: Шторм, Валерий и Андрюша. Гомеостатичностью отличаются сорта: Андрюша, Кондрат, Кузен, Платон, Путник, Валерий, Шторм и Хуторок (Hom = 7,94–14,4). Высокой отзывчивостью на изменение условий выращивания (bi>1) характеризуются сорта Державный (bi=1,74) и Шторм (bi=1,21), это интенсивные сорта. Коэффициент линейной регрессии bi<1 получен у сортов Кузен (bi=0,54), Валерий (bi=0,78), Платон (bi=0,79), Андрюша (bi=0,80), что позволяет отнести их к экстенсивному типу. Полное соответствие уровня урожайности изменению условий среды отмечено у сортов Эспада (bi=1,00), Достойный (bi=1,18), Прикумский 85 (bi=1,13), Путник (bi=1,02), Кондрат (bi=0,98), у стандарта Хуторок (bi=0,81). Эти сорта отличаются высокой экологической
пластичностью.
Reuse of Human Excreta in Developing Countries: Agricultural Fertilization Optimization
Creators: name: Sugihara, Risa
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Sustainable development
Feces--Environmental aspects
Sewage sludge
Compost
Vermicomposting
Fertilizers

description: In developing nations, 1.2 billion people suffer from a lack of a basic sanitation system and fecal sludge manage- ment challenges, despite many efforts to combat this issue. Fecal sludge is a mixture of waste, including human excreta, soil, and water. Human excreta contains a significant amount of nutrients that can be used in agricultural fertilizers. The use of human excreta in agricultural fertilizers would reduce the need for artificial fertilizers and improve human excreta disposal through the use of composting and vermicomposting toilet systems. In developing nations where soil conditions are poor and fresh water is unavailable, the use of human excreta in fertilizer can ameliorate two problems: low food productivity and lack of sanitation service. Among the seventeen Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) established by the United Nations (UN), ensuring a sani- tation system for everyone addresses the Goal 6, securing food for everyone. Additionally, enhancing low food productivity addresses the second goal of the SDGs, improving low food productivity. Thus, more efficient use of human excreta can help achieve two SDGs at the same time.
title: ВЛИЯНИЕ АГРОМЕТЕОРОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ УСЛОВИЙ ОСЕННЕГО ПЕРИОДА НА НАЧАЛЬНЫЙ РОСТ, РАЗВИТИЕ И УРОЖАЙНОСТЬ ОЗИМОЙ ПШЕНИЦЫ ПО РАЗЛИЧНЫМ ПРЕДШЕСТВЕННИКАМ В ЗАСУШЛИВОЙ ЗОНЕ СТАВРОПОЛЬЯ
Creators: name: Хрипунов , Александр Иванович
name: Общия,  Елена Николаевна
name: Морозов , Николай Александрович
Publisher: name: ФГБНУ "Северо-Кавказский федеральный научный аграрный центр"
Year: 2019

description: В связи с определяющей ролью погодных условий в урожае зерна установление реальных связей между характером агрометеорологических явлений и этапами вегетации озимой пшеницы актуально. Опыт проведён на Прикумской опытно-селекционной станции в 1972–2017 гг. в засушливой зоне Ставропольского края.
Цель исследования заключалась в выявлении влияния отдельных агрометеорологических факторов на наступление средних дат и продолжительность начальных фаз роста и развития растений по различным предшественникам и их связь с урожайностью озимой пшеницы. Установлено, что средний срок посева приходится на конец сентября (28.09–29.09), фаза всходов по чистому пару наступает в среднем через 12 дней (10.10), по занятому пару – через 17 дней (16.10) и полупару – через 21день (20.10) и приходится на конец сентября – октябрь соответственно в 100, 89 и 72% лет. Продолжительность появления всходов достоверно зависит от количества выпавших осадков за сентябрь – октябрь и температурного режима осени. Чем больше выпадает осадков, теплее осень и лучше предшественник, тем быстрее появляются всходы. Средний срок кущения приходится соответственно на 31.10, 5.11 и 12.11. Длительность периода всходы – кущение по чистому пару составляет 23, занятому пару – 25 и полупару – 29 дней, а от кущения до прекращения осенней вегетации – соответственно 32, 30 и 23 дня. Урожайность озимой пшеницы достоверно зависит от продолжительности начального периода роста и развития растений. Чем короче периоды посев – всходы и всходы – кущение, тем выше продуктивность посева. Эти периоды тем короче, чем благоприятнее погодные условия и длиннее осенняя вегетация.
Extended dynamic Mott-transition in the two-band Hubbard model out of equilibrium
Creators: name: Behrmann, Malte
name: Fabrizio, Michele
name: Lechermann, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We reformulate the time-dependent Gutzwiller approximation by M. Schiró and M. Fabrizio [Phys. Rev. Lett. 105, 076401 (2010)] in the framework of slave-boson mean-field theory, which is used to investigate the dynamical Mott transition of the generic two-band Hubbard model at half filling upon an interaction quench. Interorbital fluctuations lead to notable changes with respect to the single-band case. The singular dynamical transition is replaced by a broad regime of long-lived fluctuations between metallic and insulating states, accompanied by intriguing precursor behavior. A mapping to a spin model proves helpful to analyze the different regions in terms of the evolution of an Ising-like order parameter. Contrary to the static case, singlet occupations remain vital in the Mott-insulating regime with finite Hund's exchange.
description: 5 pages, 6 figures
Dissipative ground-state preparation of a spin chain by a structured environment
Creators: name: Cormick, Cecilia
name: Bermudez, Alejandro
name: Huelga, Susana F.
name: Plenio, Martin B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a dissipative method to prepare the ground state of the isotropic XY spin Hamiltonian in a transverse field. Our model consists of a spin chain with nearest-neighbour interactions and an additional collective coupling of the spins to a damped harmonic oscillator. The latter provides an effective environment with a Lorentzian spectral density and can be used to drive the chain asymptotically towards its multipartite-entangled ground state at a rate that depends on the degree of non-Markovianity of the evolution. We also present a detailed proposal for the experimental implementation with a chain of trapped ions. The protocol does not require individual addressing, concatenated pulses, or multi-particle jump operators, and is capable of generating the desired target state in small ion chains with very high fidelities.
description: 16 pages, 10 figs
title: ИНТЕГРАЛЬНЫЙ КРИТЕРИЙ ОЦЕНКИ КАЧЕСТВА ОБРАБОТКИ ПОЧВЫ ДЛЯ ЧЕРНОЗЁМНЫХ ПОЧВ ЦЕНТРАЛЬНОГО ПРЕДКАВКАЗЬЯ
Creators: name: Кузыченко,  Юрий Алексеевич
Publisher: name: ФГБНУ "Северо-Кавказский федеральный научный аграрный центр"
Year: 2019

description: Представлены результаты исследования, отражающие полевой комплекс работ и расчёты интегрального показателя качества основной обработки почвы отвальными и безотвальными орудиями в агрегате с трактором Т-150 К по четырём основным показателям: крошению почвы, глыбистости, гребнистости и устойчивости хода по глубине. Приняты критерии весомости каждого из показателей, определяющих их значимость в результате расчётов обобщённого показателя качества обработки почвы. Установлено, что иссушенный пахотный слой почвы (влажность в диапазоне 11–12%) более качественно обрабатывается с применением отвального плуга ПЛН-5-35 или плуга с безотвальными стойками СибИМЭ, показатель D=0,87. В зоне оптимального крошения почвы (влажность пахотного слоя в пределах 16–17%) значения обобщённого показателя D качества обработки различными безотвальными орудиями практически одинаковые, поэтому ориентация в выборе орудий строится с учетом наименьших затрат топлива на гектар.
Пахотный слой почвы, влажность которого выше 19–20%, предпочтительнее обрабатывать безотвальными орудиями со стойками СибИМЭ или чизелем ПЧ-4,5 (D=0,85–0,87). Оценка работы орудий по удельному расходу мощности на 1 м2 поверхности разделов комков при влажности пахотного слоя 14,0 показала более низкую удельную мощность при обработке плугом со стойками СибИМЭ и наибольшие удельные затраты энергии (0,63 кВт/м2) при обработке плоскорезом ПГ-3-100. С увеличением влажности пахотного
слоя выше 19,5% наблюдается повышение удельных энергозатрат при вспашке плугом ПЛН-5-35 (0,63 кВт/м2) и снижение их при плоскорезной обработке (0,42 кВт/м2).
Coupled Spatiotemporal Characterization of Monsoon Cloud Cover and Vegetation Phenology
Creators: name: Sousa, Daniel John
name: Small, Christopher
name: Spalton, Andrew
name: Kwarteng, Andy
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Remote sensing
Plant phenology
Monsoons
Climatic changes

description: In monsoonal ecosystems, vegetation phenology is generally modulated by the timing and intensity of seasonal precipitation. Seasonal precipitation is often characterized by substantial interannual variability in both space and time. A rigorous quantitative understanding of the ecology of the landscape requires spatially explicit information regarding the strength of the relationship between seasonal precipitation and vegetation phenology, as well as the interannual variability of the system. For this information to be accurately estimated, it must be based on spatially and temporally consistent measurements. The optical satellite image archive can provide these measurements. Satellite imagery offers observations of both a) atmospheric parameters such as the timing and spatial extent of monsoon cloud cover; and, b) phenological parameters, such as the timing and spatial extent of vegetation green-up and senescence. This work presents a method to capture both atmospheric and phenological parameters from an optical image time series. The method uses Empirical Orthogonal Function (EOF) analysis of a single spectral index for unified characterization of the spatiotemporal dynamics of both monsoon cloud cover and vegetation phenology. This is made possible by leveraging well-understood differences in the visible and near infrared reflectance of green vegetation, soil, and clouds. Image time series are transformed into a temporal feature space (TFS) that is comprised of low-order Principal Components. The structure of the temporal feature space reveals spatiotemporally distinct annual cycles of both cloud cover and vegetation phenology. In order to illustrate this technique, we apply it to the retrospective analysis of a seasonal cloud forest in the Dhofar Mountains of the southern Arabian Peninsula. Our results quantify known (but previously unmapped) local gradients in monsoon duration and vegetation community response. Individual ecological subsystems are also clearly distinguishable from each other, and consistent elevation gradients emerge within each subsystem. Novel observations also emerge, such as regreening/early greening events and spatial patterns in cloud duration. The method is conceptually straightforward and could be applied to characterize other monsoon environments anywhere on Earth.
title: Η απελευθέρωση των αγορών ηλεκτρικής ενέργειας στην Ευρωπαϊκή Ένωση και την Ελλάδα
title: The liberalization of the electricity markets in the European Union and Greece
Creators: name: Τσιλιβαρακος Παναγιωτης
Publisher: name: Technical University of Crete
Year: 2022

description: Στη σημερινή εποχή, η ανάπτυξη της απελευθερωμένης ελληνικής αγοράς ηλεκτρισμού μέσω του Χρηματιστηρίου Ενέργειας βάσει συγκεκριμένων προτύπων και κανονισμών της ΕΕ, μπορεί να οδηγήσει στην ανταγωνιστικότητα των αγορών, τη σταθεροποίηση των τιμών και στην ασφάλεια του ενεργειακού εφοδιασμού της χώρας γενικότερα. Αρχικά, θα γίνει μία μικρή αναφορά στην ιστορική αναδρομή της ηλεκτρικής ενέργειας στην Ευρώπη και παράλληλα θα προσδιοριστεί το θεωρητικό υπόβαθρο του συστήματος ηλεκτρικής ενέργειας με σκοπό την πλήρη κατανόηση του. Στη συνέχεια, θα δοθεί έμφαση στις δομές και στις διεθνείς εξελίξεις της ενιαίας αγοράς ηλεκτρικής ενέργειας και ταυτόχρονα θα παρουσιαστούν τα πλεονεκτήματα και τα μειονεκτήματα της απελευθέρωσης των ευρωπαϊκών αγορών. Έπειτα, θα εξεταστούν οι προδιαγραφές του Μοντέλου Στόχου (Target Model) της ΕΕ με το οποίο επιδιώκεται η δημιουργία ενιαίας ευρωπαϊκής αγοράς ενέργειας, ορίζοντας στη συνέχεια τη δομή των χρηματιστηρίων ενέργειας. Κατόπιν, θα μελετηθεί η αγορά της ηλεκτρικής ενέργειας στην Ελλάδα, παρουσιάζοντας τις διεθνείς διασυνδέσεις δικτύων ενέργειας του ελληνικού συστήματος. Ως συνάρτηση των παραπάνω, θα αναλυθούν οι λειτουργίες και οι κανονισμοί του Ελληνικού Χρηματιστηρίου Ενέργειας και τέλος θα δοθούν τα συμπεράσματα απ’ όλη τη διπλωματική εργασία.
Spatiotemporal Characterization of Mangrove Phenology and Disturbance Response: The Bangladesh Sundarban
Creators: name: Small, Christopher
name: Sousa, Daniel John
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Remote sensing
Plant phenology
Mangrove ecology
Ecological disturbances
Principal components analysis

description: This work presents a spatiotemporal analysis of the phenology and disturbance response in the Sundarban mangrove forest on the Ganges-Brahmaputra Delta in Bangladesh. The methodological approach is based on an Empirical Orthogonal Function (EOF) analysis of the new Harmonized Landsat Sentinel-2 (HLS) BRDF and atmospherically corrected reflectance time series, preceded by a Robust Principal Component Analysis (RPCA) separation of Low Rank and Sparse components of the image time series. Low Rank components are spatially and temporally pervasive while Sparse components are transient and localized. The RPCA clearly separates subtle spatial variations in the annual cycle of monsoon-modulated greening and senescence of the mangrove forest from the spatiotemporally complex agricultural phenology surrounding the Sundarban. A 3 endmember temporal mixture model maps spatially coherent differences in the 2018 greening-senescence cycle of the mangrove which are both concordant and discordant with existing species composition maps. The discordant patterns suggest a phenological response to environmental factors like surface hydrology. On decadal time scales, a standard EOF analysis of vegetation fraction maps from annual post-monsoon Landsat imagery is sufficient to isolate locations of shoreline advance and retreat related to changes in sedimentation and erosion, as well as cyclone-induced defoliation and recovery.
Polylogarithms, Multiple Zeta Values and Superstring Amplitudes
Creators: name: Broedel, Johannes
name: Schlotterer, Oliver
name: Stieberger, Stephan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A formalism is provided to calculate tree amplitudes in open superstring theory for any multiplicity at any order in the inverse string tension. We point out that the underlying world-sheet disk integrals share substantial properties with color-ordered tree amplitudes in Yang-Mills field theories. In particular, we closely relate world-sheet integrands of open-string tree amplitudes to the Kawai-Lewellen-Tye representation of supergravity amplitudes. This correspondence helps to reduce the singular parts of world-sheet disk integrals -including their string corrections- to lower-point results. The remaining regular parts are systematically addressed by polylogarithm manipulations.
description: 79 pages, LaTeX; v2: final version to appear in Fortschritte der Physik; for additional material, see: http://mzv.mpp.mpg.de
Multisensor Characterization of Urban Morphology and Network Structure
Creators: name: Small, Christopher
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Remote sensing
Cities and towns
Human settlements
Land cover

description: The combination of decameter resolution Sentinel 2 and hectometer resolution VIIRS offers the potential to quantify urban morphology at scales spanning the range from individual objects to global scale settlement networks. Multi-season spectral characteristics of built environments provide an independent complement to night light brightness compared for 12 urban systems. High fractions of spectrally stable impervious surface combined with persistent deep shadow between buildings are compared to road network density and outdoor lighting inferred from night light. These comparisons show better spatial agreement and more detailed representation of a wide range of built environments than possible using Landsat and DMSP-OLS. However, they also show that no single low luminance brightness threshold provides optimal spatial correlation to built extent derived from Sentinel in different urban systems. A 4-threshold comparison of 6 regional night light networks shows consistent spatial scaling, spanning 3 to 5 orders of magnitude in size and number with rank-size slopes consistently near −1. This scaling suggests a dynamic balance among the processes of nucleation, growth and interconnection. Rank-shape distributions based on √Area/Perimeter of network components scale similarly to rank-size distributions at higher brightness thresholds, but show both progressive then abrupt increases in fractal dimension of the largest, most interconnected network components at lower thresholds.
title: ВЛИЯНИЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ NO-TILL НА АКТИВНОСТЬ МИКРООРГАНИЗМОВ, ТРАНСФОРМИРУЮЩИХ СОЕДИНЕНИЯ АЗОТА, В ЧЕРНОЗЁМЕ ОБЫКНОВЕННОМ ЦЕНТРАЛЬНОГО ПРЕДКАВКАЗЬЯ
Creators: name: Менькина,  Елена Александровна
Publisher: name: ФГБНУ "Северо-Кавказский федеральный научный аграрный центр"
Year: 2019

description: Дана оценка активности эколого-трофических групп микроорганизмов, трансформирующих соединения азота в технологии без обработки почвы и в традиционной технологии, на разных уровнях минерального питания в посевах озимой пшеницы. Выявлено, что внесение азотных удобрений повышает активность почвенной биоты в осенний период. Показано, что на вариантах с традиционной обработкой почвы активность протеолитических микроорганизмов выше в период отбора после посева (на 31%) и весной в фазу колошения (на 7%). Амилолитические бактерии более активны (в среднем на 20%) в почвах с агротехническим воздействием. Высокая активность микроорганизмов, усваивающих органические и минеральные формы азота, выявлена на варианте с внесением азотных удобрений во все сроки отбора, где количество микроорганизмов в среднем составляет 183,3・105 КОЕ в 1 г АСП. Максимальные показатели активности эколого-трофических групп микроорганизмов получены на варианте с внесением полной дозы минеральных удобрений. Почти на всех вариантах опыта коэффициент минерализации выше единицы. Снижение активности микроорганизмов, трансформирующих органические формы азота, отмечено перед посевом. Наиболее высокий урожай зерна озимой пшеницы получен при внесении аммиачной селитры и полного минерального удобрения. Разница в урожайности озимой пшеницы по вариантам обработки почвы не существенна.
Grand Challenges in Remote Sensing Image Analysis and Classification
Creators: name: Small, Christopher
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Remote sensing
Image analysis
Classification
Machine learning

description: Over the past ∼20 years, the proliferation of sensors and platforms in both the public and private sectors, combined with the open data policies of NASA, ESA, and other national space agencies, have resulted in a dramatic increase in the availability of remotely sensed data and the widespread adoption of remote sensing as an essential tool for a wide range of applications. Unlike many of the specialty research topics covered by the Frontiers journals, remote sensing image analysis and classification spans a wide range of disparate research disciplines, making the identification of grand challenges fundamentally different from that in more narrowly focused disciplines. For this reason, the challenges discussed in this article will be related to topically-relevant standards intended to maximize the utility of the work published by the journal. The standards discussed are Replicability, Applicability and Interpretability.
Wigner Crystallization of Single Photons in Cold Rydberg Ensemble
Creators: name: Otterbach, Johannes
name: Moos, Matthias
name: Muth, Dominik
name: Fleischhauer, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The coupling of weak light fields to Rydberg states of atoms under conditions of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) leads to the formation of Rydberg polaritons which are quasi-particles with tunable effective mass and long-range interactions. Confined to one spatial dimension their low energy physics is that of a moving-frame Luttinger liquid which due to the long-range character of the repulsive interaction can form a Wigner crystal. We calculate the Luttinger $K$ parameter using density-matrix renormalization group (DMRG) simulations and find that under typical slow-light conditions kinetic energy contributions are too strong for crystal formation. However, adiabatically increasing the polariton mass by turning a light pulse into stationary spin excitations allows to generate true crystalline order over a finite length. The dynamics of this process and asymptotic correlations are analyzed in terms of a time-dependent Luttinger theory.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
title: ДИНАМИКА ПОКАЗАТЕЛЕЙ ПЛОДОРОДИЯ И ПРОДУКТИВНОСТЬ ЧЕРНОЗЁМА ОБЫКНОВЕННОГО В ПОСЛЕДЕЙСТВИИ ДЛИТЕЛЬНОГО ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ МИНЕРАЛЬНЫХ УДОБРЕНИЙ В УСЛОВИЯХ ЦЕНТРАЛЬНОГО ПРЕДКАВКАЗЬЯ
Creators: name: Шаповалова,  Надежда Николаевна
Publisher: name: ФГБНУ "Северо-Кавказский федеральный научный аграрный центр"
Year: 2019

description: Дана оценка состояния земельных ресурсов и объёмов применения удобрений в Ставропольском крае. Представлены данные, полученные в длительном опыте, входящем в Географическую сеть опытов с удобрениями РАН, по динамике изменения реакции почвенного раствора, гумуса, подвижного фосфора и среднегодовой продуктивности севооборота за 5 ротаций прямого действия и 11 лет последействия удобрений. Показано, что удобрения не только улучшают пищевой режим почвы, но и оказывают существенное влияние на реакцию среды, количество и активность соединений гумуса. За время проведения опыта (41 год) в сравнении с контролем удобрения способствовали уменьшению рН почвенного раствора на 0,39–0,67 ед. и сохранению более высокого уровня содержания гумуса – на 0,20–0,60%. К наибольшему снижению потерь гумуса в почве привело систематическое внесение фосфорного удобрения. Накопление значительного количества остаточных фосфатов в пахотном слое почвы, которые также и в период последействия находились в доступном состоянии, обеспечило получение устойчивого среднегодового прироста продуктивности севооборота в пределах 0,23–0,67 т/га. Максимальный прирост продуктивности севооборота достигнут при совместном внесении фосфорного, азотного и калийного удобрений (N120Р30-150К120) – 0,55–0,87 т/га.
В период последействия удобрений коэффициент использования остаточных фосфатов на вариантах применения полного минерального удобрения выше, чем при отдельном внесении фосфора.
Применение одного азотного удобрения в высокой дозе (90–150 кг/га д.в.) обеспечило длительный эффект последействия за счёт увеличения количества подвижной части гумуса. Доля азотного удобрения в формировании продуктивности культур севооборота в период последействия на 10,8–15,1% выше прямого действия.
Mixed mock modular q-series
Creators: name: Lovejoy, Jeremy
name: Osburn, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary: 33D15, Secondary: 05A30, 11F03, 11F37

description: Mixed mock modular forms are functions which lie in the tensor space of mock modular forms and modular forms. As q-hypergeometric series, mixed mock modular forms appear to be much more common than mock theta functions. In this survey, we discuss some of the ways such series arise.
description: 14 pages, to appear in the Journal of the Indian Mathematical Society (Special Issue dedicated to Ramanujan)
Supplementary Materials (Tables and Figures) for the Space and Time Topic Analysis on the Brazilian Immunization Program against COVID-19
Creators: name: de Carvalho, Victor Diogho Heuer
name: Nepomuceno, Thyago Celso Cavalcante
name: Poleto, Thiago
name: Costa, Ana Paula Cabral Seixas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: COVID-19
Space and Time Topic Analysis
Immunization program
Brazil

description: Set of supplementary tables and figures obtained for the analysis of topics in space and time about the Brazilian Immunization Program against COVID-19. These elements are: Table S1: Parameters used in the scraping script; Table S2: Example of the georeferenced corpus, containing the first five rows; Table S3: The 23 topics extracted using LDA algorithm; Table S4: Tweets amounts according to each topic; Figure S1: Topic 1 distribution on the Brazilian territory; Figure S2: Topic 2 distribution on the Brazilian territory; Figure S3: Topic 4 distribution on the Brazilian territory; Figure S4: Topic 5 distribution on the Brazilian territory; Figure S5: Topic 6 distribution on the Brazilian territory; Figure S6: Topic 7 distribution on the Brazilian territory; Figure S7: Topic 8 distribution on the Brazilian territory; Figure S9: Topic 10 distribution on the Brazilian territory; Figure S10: Topic 11 distribution on the Brazilian territory; Figure S11: Topic 12 distribution on the Brazilian territory; Figure S12: Topic 14 distribution on the Brazilian territory; Figure S13: Topic 15 distribution on the Brazilian territory; Figure S14: Topic 16 distribution on the Brazilian territory; Figure S15: Topic 17 distribution on the Brazilian territory; Figure S16: Topic 18 distribution on the Brazilian territory; Figure S17: Topic 19 distribution on the Brazilian territory; Figure S18: Topic 20 distribution on the Brazilian territory; Figure S19: Topic 21 distribution on the Brazilian territory; Figure S20: Topic 22 distribution on the Brazilian territory; Figure S21: Topic 23 distribution on the Brazilian territory.