cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
How do children learn to cross the street? The process of pedestrian safety training
Creators: name: Schwebel, David C.
name: Jiabin Shen
name: McClure, Leslie A.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Objective: Pedestrian injuries are a leading cause of child death and may be reduced by training children to cross streets more safely. Such training is most effective when children receive repeated practice at the complex cognitive–perceptual task of judging moving traffic and selecting safe crossing gaps, but there is limited data on how much practice is required for children to reach adult levels of functioning. Using existing data, we examined how children's pedestrian skills changed over the course of 6 pedestrian safety training sessions, each composed of 45 crossings within a virtual pedestrian environment. Methods: As part of a randomized controlled trial on pedestrian safety training, 59 children ages 7–8 crossed the street within a semi-immersive virtual pedestrian environment 270 times over a 3-week period (6 sessions of 45 crossings each). Feedback was provided after each crossing, and traffic speed and density were advanced as children's skill improved. Postintervention pedestrian behavior was assessed a week later in the virtual environment and compared to adult behavior with identical traffic patterns. Results: Over the course of training, children entered traffic gaps more quickly and chose tighter gaps to cross within; their crossing efficiency appeared to increase. By the end of training, some aspects of children's pedestrian behavior was comparable to adult behavior but other aspects were not, indicating that the training was worthwhile but insufficient for most children to achieve adult levels of functioning. Conclusions: Repeated practice in a simulated pedestrian environment helps children learn aspects of safe and efficient pedestrian behavior. Six twice-weekly training sessions of 45 crossings each were insufficient for children to reach adult pedestrian functioning, however, and future research should continue to study the trajectory and quantity of child pedestrian safety training needed for children to become competent pedestrians.
Das Anregen und Berücksichtigen von Schüler*innenfragen im Sachunterricht – Impulse für eine vielperspektivische Professionalisierungsgelegenheit im Studium
Creators: name: Schilling, Yannick
name: Kuckuck, Miriam
Publisher: name: widerstreit sachunterricht
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: 000

description: In ihrer aktiven Auseinandersetzung mit der Lebenswelt machen Kinder vielfältige Erfahrungen, die oftmals in Fragen münden (Chouinard 2007). Die Fragen der Kinder geben Aufschluss über Erfahrungen, Interessen sowie das Denken der Kinder (Ritz Fröhlich 1992) und sind dementsprechend heterogen. Auch im (Sach-)Unterricht können Schüler*innenfragen an den Lerngegenstand die lebensweltliche Vielperspektivität zum Ausdruck bringen, daher sollten sie zum Ausgangspunkt einer partizipativen Planung inklusiven Sachunterrichts gemacht werden (Simon 2019a).
title: Préface_La Gamme démontrée par des notes mobiles
Creators: name: AmateurS
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020

description: Préface
description: ID_PARA_00862
Cytosporone E analogues as BRD4 inhibitors for cancer treatment: molecular docking and molecular dynamic investigations
Creators: name: Makki, Alaa A.
name: Ibraheem, Walaa
name: Alzain, Abdulrahim A.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Cancer is considered one of the worldwide life-threatening and leading causes of human mortality. In 2020, 19,292,789 cancer cases and 9,958,133 cancer deaths have been estimated worldwide. Therefore, efforts have been devoted to discover novel anticancer agents. Bromodomains have a vital role in the regulation of transcription. Many reports have shown that bromodomain-containing protein 4 (BRD4) is an important target for cancer therapeutics. In this study, several in silico approaches were utilized to discover new inhibitors against the BRD4 protein using the Schrodinger suite. A library of 27 cytosporone E derivatives was docked into the active site of the BRD4 protein. Docked ligands showed docking scores ranging between −11.289 to −3.992 Kcal/mol. Ligands 1–4 showed better binding affinities with docking scores ranging from −11.289 to −8.917 Kcal/mol compared to the reference ligand BI-2536 (−8.426 Kcal/mol). These ligands displayed favorable MM-GBSA free binding energy. Also, ligands 1–4 were subjected to molecular dynamics simulations for 100 ns to get insight into the ligand-binding stability. These compounds exhibited an average RMSD below 2.8 Å, indicating the stability of the compounds with BRD4 protein. Further, Moreover, ligands 1–3 displayed favorable AMDET properties (absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity). These new compounds might be potential leads to combat cancer. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma
Design and synthesis of new heterocyclic compounds containing 5-[(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)methyl]-3H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thione structure as potent hEGFR inhibitors
Creators: name: Kolcuoglu, Yakup
name: Bekircan, Olcay
name: Fazli, Hilal
name: Sahin, Emine
name: Ture, Aslı
name: Akdemir, Atilla
name: Sanlier, Senay Hamarat
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: Plant Biology

description: EGFR is one of the important mediators of the signaling cascade that determines key roles in various biological processes such as growth, differentiation, metabolism and apoptosis in the cell in response to external and internal stimuli. In recent years, it has been proven that although this enzyme activity is tightly regulated in normal cells, if the enzyme activity cannot be controlled, it can lead to malignancy. EGFR is also considered a prominent macromolecule in targeted cancer chemotherapy. For this purpose, a comprehensive modeling studies were conducted against EGFR protein and novel molecules containing 5-[(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)methyl]-3H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thione structure were suggested to be synthesized. Among the synthesized molecules, compounds 7c, 8c, 8f and 8g were determined to have significant IC50 values. Compound 8g was found to have the IC50 value closest to the very well-known EGFR inhibitor Gefitinib with its noncompetitive inhibition form. Ki value of compound 8g was calculated as 0.00232 µM. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma
A Culturally-Congruent Sexuality Education Content for Adolescents in Legazpi City
Creators: name: Mirandilla, Ma. Elma L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Sexuality Education
Adolescents
Cultural Anthropology

description: This study generated age-appropriate, culturally congruent sexuality education content for adolescents 10-18 years old. It identified topics for each key concept designed for age categories: 10-12, 13-15 and 16-18 years old. The proposed sexuality education content was based on the consensus among teachers through three rounds of Delphi Technique using UNESCO’s International Technical Guidance on Sexuality Education. The consensus on key ideas and topics was supported by significant perceptions of local experts gathered through one-on-one interviews. The research was conducted in Legazpi City. All six key concepts and topics of the Technical Guidance were found acceptable across all age categories except for several key ideas. The key concepts include: Relationships; Values, Attitudes and Skills; Culture, Society and Human Rights; Human Development; Sexual Behavior; and Sexual and Reproductive Health. Probable reasons for excluding some key ideas under various key concepts may be ascribed to the attitudes of adults specifically, prohibitive silence and adultism. Teachers and key informants in this study believed that children were too young to understand and that providing them information will provoke curiosity and entice them to engage in sexual activity. Pursuing a culturally-sound and age-appropriate sexuality education content is indispensable at this time of globalization when adolescents are drawn close to reproductive health risks primarily due to their lack of information on their sexuality. Thus, an appropriate and comprehensive sexuality education program is a significant preventive strategy.

description: Masters Thesis
Achieving Carbon-Neutrality in MENA Countries: Does Financial Inclusion Matter?
Creators: name: Said, Rabie
name: Acheampong, Alex O
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 35
subject: Commerce, management, tourism and services
classificationCode: 3502
subject: Banking, finance and investment
classificationCode: 350201
subject: Environment and climate finance
classificationCode: 44
subject: Human society

description: This study examines the relationship between financial inclusion, renewable energy, and CO2 emissions using data from 11 Middle East and North Africa (MENA) countries from 2004 to 2019. Evidence from fixed effects-ordinary least squares (FE-OLS), dynamic ordinary least squares (DOLS), fully modified ordinary least squares (FMOLS), and canonical correlation regression (CRR) showed that financial inclusion contributes significantly to decarbonization. Country-specific analysis indicated that financial inclusion is associated with mitigating CO2 emissions in Egypt, Israel, Qatar, and Tunisia while significantly spurring CO2 emissions in Algeria, Lebanon, and Saudi Arabia. In addition, renewable energy contributes significantly to decarbonization in MENA, especially in Algeria, Lebanon, Tunisia, and Turkey. We recommend that policies promoting financial inclusion and renewable energy usage would contribute to the attainment of the carbon-neutrality goal by MENA countries.
Identification of peptide binding sequence of TRIM25 on 14-3-3σ by bioinformatics and biophysical techniques
Creators: name: Chiang, De Chen
name: Teh, Aik-Hong
name: Yap, Beow Keat
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Virology

description: 14-3-3σ protein is one of the seven isoforms from the highly conserved eukaryotic 14-3-3 protein family. Downregulation of 14-3-3σ expression has been observed in various tumors. TRIM25 is responsible for the proteolytic degradation of 14-3-3σ, in which abrogation of TRIM25 suppressed tumor growth through 14-3-3σ upregulation. However, to date, the exact 14-3-3σ interacting residues of TRIM25 have yet to be resolved. Thus, this study attempts to identify the peptide binding sequence of TRIM25 on 14-3-3σ via both bioinformatics and biophysical techniques. Multiple sequence alignment of the CC domain of TRIM25 revealed five potential peptide binding sequences (Peptide 1–5). Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) assay (1H CPMG) identified Peptide 1 as an important sequence for binding to 14-3-3σ. Competition NMR assay suggested that Peptide 1 binds to the amphipathic pocket of 14-3-3σ with an estimated KD of 116.4 µM by isothermal titration calorimetry. Further in silico docking and molecular dynamics simulations studies proposed that Peptide 1 is likely to interact with Lys49, Arg56, Arg129, and Tyr130 residues at the amphipathic pocket of 14-3-3σ. These results suggest that Peptide 1 may serve as a biological probe or a template to design inhibitors of TRIM25-14-3-3σ interaction as a potentially novel class of anticancer agents. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma
Cicadidae Batsch 1789
Creators: name: Sanborn, Allen F.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Cicadidae

description: Family Cicadidae Batsch, 1789
Remarks. The International Commission of Zoological Nomenclature recently published a correction to Opinion 2475 (ICZN 2023). It has been determined that Batsch (1789) has priority over Latreille (1802) as the authority of Cicadidae.
description: Published as part of Sanborn, Allen F., 2024, A new genus and species of cicada from Brazil (Hemiptera: Cicadidae: Tibicininae: Selymbriini), pp. 37-44 in Journal of Insect Biodiversity 55 (2) on page 37, DOI: 10.12976/jib/2024.55.2.2, http://zenodo.org/record/15322115
The hidden treasures of citrus: finding Huanglongbing cure where it was lost
Creators: name: Munir, Shahzad
name: Ahmed, Ayesha
name: Li, Yongmei
name: He, Pengbo
name: Singh, Brajesh K.
name: He, Pengfei
name: Li, Xingyu
name: Asad, Suhail
name: Wu, Yixin
name: He, Yueqiu
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Huanglongbing (HLB), a deadly citrus disease which has significantly downsized the entire industry worldwide. The intractable and incurable disease has brought the citriculture an enormous loss of productivity. With no resistant varieties available, failure of chemical treatments despite repeated applications, and hazardous consequences to environmental health, have led to large-scale research to find a sustainable cure. Inside plants, the key determinants of health and safety, live the endophytic microbes. Endophytes possess unrivaled plant benefiting properties. The progression of HLB is known to cause disturbance in endophytic bacterial communities. Given the importance of the plant endophytic microbiome in disease progression, the notion of engineering microbiomes through indigenous endophytes is attracting scientific attention which is considered revolutionary as it precludes the incompatibility concerns associated with the use of alien (microbes from other plant species) endophytes. In this review, we briefly discuss the transformation of the plant-pathogen-environment to the plant-pathogen-microbial system in a disease triangle. We also argue the employment of indigenous endophytes isolated from a healthy state to engineer the diseased citrus endophytic microbiomes that can provide sustainable solution for vascular pathogens. We evaluated the plethora of microbiomes responses to the re-introduction of endophytes which leads to disease resistance in the citrus host. The idea is not merely confined to citrus-HLB, but it is globally applicable for tailoring a customized cure for general plant-pathogen systems particularly for the diseases caused by the vascular system-restricted pathogens.
Discovery, synthesis and in silico approach of pyrrolo [3,4-c]pyrroles as SARS-CoV-2 mpro inhibitors
Creators: name: Mani, Kailasam Saravana
name: Rajamanikandan, Sundarraj
name: Prabha, Balakrishnan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: A new coronavirus has been identified as the contributing agent of the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). The main viral protease (Mpro), which controls the activities of the coronavirus replication complex, which is an essential target for the treatment of coronavirus disease. With the primary objective of targeting this receptor, we designed a new series of pyrrolo [3,2-c] pyrroles, synthesized and characterized using various analytical techniques including FT-IR, UV-Vis and NMR spectroscopic studies. The biological descriptors of the synthesized compounds were investigated using DFT calculation. The mode of binding and reactivity of the target compounds with SARS-CoV-2 main protease (Mpro) were studied using molecular docking and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. Molecular docking of the compounds (4a and 5a) showed a promising binding affinity towards Mpro protein with the binding energy of −7.8 kcal/mol and −7.0 kcal/mol, respectively. The results of MD simulation and prime MM-GBSA calculation were consistent with molecular docking. The absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion (ADME) properties of the compounds are in the acceptable range, as they are orally active and obey Lipinski’s rule of five without violation. In addition, in silico toxicity prediction using the Pro-Tox II revealed the non-toxic nature of the compounds. Hence the obtained results suggest that these compounds could be a possible anti-viral candidate and highlight this series of compounds for further drug design and development against SARS-CoV-2. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma
Recent advancements in CRISPR-Cas toolbox for imaging applications
Creators: name: Singh, Vikram
name: Jain, Mukesh
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: The imaging of chromatin, genomic loci, RNAs, and proteins is very important to study their localization, interaction, and coordinated regulation. Recently, several clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) based imaging methods have been established. The refurbished tool kits utilizing deactivated Cas9 (dCas9) and dCas13 have been established to develop applications of CRISPR-Cas technology beyond genome editing. Here, we review recent advancements in CRISPR-based methods that enable efficient imaging and visualization of chromatin, genomic loci, RNAs, and proteins. RNA aptamers, Pumilio, SuperNova tagging system, molecular beacons, halotag, bimolecular fluorescence complementation, RNA-guided endonuclease in situ labeling, and oligonucleotide-based imaging methods utilizing fluorescent proteins, organic dyes, or quantum dots have been developed to achieve improved fluorescence and signal-to-noise ratio for the imaging of chromatin or genomic loci. RNA-guided RNA targeting CRISPR systems (CRISPR/dCas13) and gene knock-in strategies based on CRISPR/Cas9 mediated site-specific cleavage and DNA repair mechanisms have been employed for efficient RNA and protein imaging, respectively. A few CRISPR-Cas-based methods to investigate the coordinated regulation of DNA-protein, DNA-RNA, or RNA-protein interactions for understanding chromatin dynamics, transcription, and protein function are also available. Overall, the CRISPR-based methods offer a significant improvement in elucidating chromatin organization and dynamics, RNA visualization, and protein imaging. The current and future advancements in CRISPR-based imaging techniques can revolutionize genome biology research for various applications.
Injury prevention programs against distracted driving: Are they effective?
Creators: name: Bellal Joseph
name: Bardiya Zangbar
name: Bains, Sandeep
name: Narong Kulvatunyou
name: Khalil, Mazhar
name: Mahmoud, Dalal
name: Friese, Randall S.
name: O'Keeffe, Terence
name: Viraj Pandit
name: Rhee, Peter
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Introduction: Distracted driving (talking and/or texting) is a growing public safety problem, with increasing incidence among adult drivers. The aim of this study was to identify the incidence of distracted driving (DD) among health care providers and to create awareness against DD. We hypothesized that distracted driving is prevalent among health care providers and a preventive campaign against distracted driving would effectively decrease distracted driving among health care providers. Methods: We performed a 4-phase prospective interventional study of all health care providers at our level 1 trauma center. Phase 1: one week of pre-intervention observation; phase 2: one week of intervention; phase 3: one week of postintervention observation; and phase 4: one week of 6 months of postintervention observation. Observations were performed outside employee parking garage at the following time intervals: 6:30–8:30 a.m., 4:40–5:30 p.m., and 6:30–7:30 p.m. Intervention included an e-mail survey, pamphlets and banners in the hospital cafeteria, and a postintervention survey. Hospital employees were identified with badges and scrubs, employees exiting through employee gate, and parking pass on the car. Outcome measure was incidence of DD pre, post, and 6 months postintervention. Results: A total of 15,416 observations (pre: 6,639, post: 4,220, 6 months post: 4,557) and 520 survey responses were collected. The incident of DD was 11.8% among health care providers. There was a significant reduction in DD in each time interval of observation between pre- and postintervention. On subanalysis, there was a significant decrease in talking (P = .0001) and texting (P = .01) while driving postintervention compared to pre-intervention. In the survey, 35.5% of respondents admitted to DD and 4.5% respondents were involved in an accident due to DD. We found that 77% respondents felt more informed after the survey and 91% respondents supported a state legislation against DD. The reduction in the incidence of DD postintervention was sustained even at 6-month follow-up. Conclusion: There was a 32% reduction in the incidence of distracted driving postintervention, which remained low even at 6-month follow-up. Implementation of an effective injury prevention campaign could reduce the incidence of distracted driving nationally.
Assessment of the functioning of crop and livestock insurance in Polish agriculture
Creators: name: Gorzelak, Aleksander
name: Herda-Kopańska, Justyna
name: Kulawik, Jacek
name: Pawłowska-Tyszko, Joanna
name: Soliwoda, Michał
name: Wieliczko, Barbara
name: Pawłowska-Tyszko, Joanna (Ed.)
name: Gorzelak, Aleksander
name: Herda-Kopańska, Justyna
name: Kulawik, Jacek
name: Pawłowska-Tyszko, Joanna
name: Soliwoda, Michał
name: Wieliczko, Barbara
name: Pawłowska-Tyszko, Joanna (Ed.)
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Financial Economics
subject: agricultural insurance
subject: agriculture
subject: crop insurance
subject: demand insurance
subject: family farm
subject: farm
subject: financial situation
subject: income
subject: livestock insurance
subject: purchase of insurance
subject: risk
subject: subsidies

description: The study reviews and assesses functioning of subsidized crop and livestock insurance as regards the level of their use and determination of factors motivating and demotivating to conclude insurance contracts by farmers. Chapters: Risk and traditional agricultural insurance – theoretical foundations. Subsidizing agricultural insurance. Evolution of national legal provisions regarding crop and livestock insurance in 1952-2016. Assessment of the functioning of crop and livestock insurance in Poland. Income and financial situation of farms using crop and livestock insurance. Determinants of the demand for crop insurance – model approach. Impact of the purchase of insurance on selected characteristics of family farms. Viability of the purchase of crop insurance by the farm’s operator. Determinants of the demand for crop insurance, factors motivating to purchase such insurance and factors discouraging from this – results of empirical studies.
In silico approach to identify novel allosteric intracellular antagonist for blocking the interleukin-8/CXCR2 receptor signaling pathway
Creators: name: Tran, Thi-Thuy-Nga
name: Tran, Que-Huong
name: Duong, Cuong Quoc
name: Nguyen, Quoc-Thai
name: Tran, Van-Thanh
name: Le, Minh-Tri
name: Tran, Viet-Hung
name: Thai, Khac-Minh
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: The role of interleukin-8 (IL-8) and its receptor CXCR2 in inflammatory responses and tumor development and progression has been well documented. Our study aims to discover novel compounds as CXCR2 antagonists to block the IL-8 signaling pathway using an in silico drug design. Herein, a structure-based pharmacophore model was developed based on the crystal structure of inactive CXCR2 in a complex with an allosteric inhibitor. This model was validated and refined, followed by virtual screening with the ZINC15 database. Subsequent molecular docking allows for predicting the best pose of a ligand inside a receptor binding site. We found that the 35 top-ranked hits exhibited docking scores from −30.81 to −25.28 kJ/mol and better interaction potential comparing the reference inhibitor. Analysis of ADME and toxicity properties revealed the efficacy and safety of the selected seven compounds. To validate the stability of the protein-ligand complex structure MD simulations approach has also been performed and confirmed via the critical parameters. The MD results explained that the CXCR2 receptor bound with two best-proposed molecules, including ZINC77105530 and ZINC93176465, was quite stable states as observed from low RMSD, RMSF, Rg, SASA values, and high occupancy of the interaction types. Finally, our data identified that these compounds play as potential inhibitors of IL-8 signaling pathways with the MM/GBSA binding free energies of −41.77 ± 6.45 kcal/mol and −38.84 ± 6.16 kcal/mol, respectively. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma
Analysis of naturalistic driving videos of fleet services drivers to estimate driver error and potentially distracting behaviors as risk factors for rear-end versus angle crashes
Creators: name: Karisa K. Harland
name: Carney, Cher
name: McGehee, Daniel
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Objective: The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence and odds of fleet driver errors and potentially distracting behaviors just prior to rear-end versus angle crashes. Methods: Analysis of naturalistic driving videos among fleet services drivers for errors and potentially distracting behaviors occurring in the 6 s before crash impact. Categorical variables were examined using the Pearson's chi-square test, and continuous variables, such as eyes-off-road time, were compared using the Student's t-test. Multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate the odds of a driver error or potentially distracting behavior being present in the seconds before rear-end versus angle crashes. Results: Of the 229 crashes analyzed, 101 (44%) were rear-end and 128 (56%) were angle crashes. Driver age, gender, and presence of passengers did not differ significantly by crash type. Over 95% of rear-end crashes involved inadequate surveillance compared to only 52% of angle crashes (P < .0001). Almost 65% of rear-end crashes involved a potentially distracting driver behavior, whereas less than 40% of angle crashes involved these behaviors (P < .01). On average, drivers spent 4.4 s with their eyes off the road while operating or manipulating their cell phone. Drivers in rear-end crashes were at 3.06 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.73–5.44) times adjusted higher odds of being potentially distracted than those in angle crashes. Conclusions: Fleet driver driving errors and potentially distracting behaviors are frequent. This analysis provides data to inform safe driving interventions for fleet services drivers. Further research is needed in effective interventions to reduce the likelihood of drivers' distracting behaviors and errors that may potentially reducing crashes.
Injury Prevention Programs Against Distracted Driving: Are They Effective?
Creators: name: Rhee, Peter
name: Bellal, Joseph
name: Bardiya Zangbar
name: Bains, Sandeep
name: Narong Kulvatunyou
name: Khalil, Mazhar
name: Mahmoud, Dalal
name: Friese, Randall S
name: O'Keeffe, Terence
name: Viraj Pandit
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Medicine

description: ABSTRACTINTRODUCTION: Distracted driving (talking and/or texting) is a growing public safety problem with increasing incidence among adult drivers. The aim of this study was to identify the incidence of distracted driving (DD) among health care providers and to create awareness against DD. We hypothesized that distracted driving is prevalent among health care providers and a preventive campaign against distracted driving would effectively decrease distracted driving among healthcare providers.METHODS: We performed a four-phase prospective interventional study of all health care providers at our level one trauma center. Phase one: one week of pre-intervention observation, phase two: one week of intervention, phase three: one week of post-intervention observation, and phase four: one week of 6 months post-intervention observation. Observations were performed outside employee parking garage at time intervals: 6.30–8.30am, 4.40–5.30pm, and 6.30–7.30pm. Intervention comprised of email survey, pamphlets and banners in the hospital cafeteria, and post intervention survey. Hospital employees were identified with: badges and scrubs, employees exiting through employee gate, and parking pass on the car. Outcome measure was incidence of DD pre, post, and 6 months post-intervention.RESULTS: A total of 15,416 observations (Pre: 6,639, Post: 4,220, 6 months Post: 4,557) and 520 survey responses were collected. The incident of DD was 11.8% among healthcare providers. There was a significant reduction in DD in each time interval of observation between the pre and post intervention. On sub-analysis, there was a significant decrease in talking (p = 0.0001) and texting (p = 0.01) while driving post intervention as compared to that of pre-intervention. In survey, 35.5% of respondents admitted to DD and 4.5% respondents were involved in an accident due to DD. We found that 77% respondents felt more informed after the survey and 91% respondents supported a state legislation against DD. The reduction in the incidence of DD post intervention was sustained even at 6-month follow up.CONCLUSION: There was 32% reduction in the incidence of distracted driving post-intervention which remained low even at 6 month follow up. Implementation of an effective injury prevention campaign could reduce the incidence distracted driving nationally.Level of Evidence: II, interventional study
Characterization of carbon fractal-like aggregates by size distribution measurements and theoretical calculations
Creators: name: M. I. Gini
name: C. Helmis
name: A. D. Melas
name: D. Papanastasiou
name: G. Orfanopoulos
name: K. P. Giannakopoulos
name: Y. Drossinos
name: K. Eleftheriadis
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: The structural characteristics of carbon nanoparticles synthesized by a spark discharge source were investigated by combined measurements of polydisperse number and Fuchs surface-area distributions against equivalent particle mobility and aerodynamic diameters. The number and Fuchs surface area distribution measurements were conducted by a scanning mobility particle sizer (SMPS) and a cascade epiphaniometer (CEPI), respectively. The CEPI-measured total Fuchs surface area and the Fuchs surface area calculated from SMPS number distributions were found to be in reasonable agreement (average absolute difference 28%), suggesting that the momentum-transfer diameter may be approximated by the mass-transfer diameter. The measured total Fuchs surface area of polydisperse distributions was reasonably reproduced by the Fuchs surface area of a monodisperse distribution (average absolute difference 26%). A fitting procedure was used to obtain the effective density mobility diameter relationship. The generated carbon aggregates, composed of primary particles of average diameter of 12.7 ± 2.5 nm, were determined to obey a fractal-like power law with a mass mobility fractal dimension and a prefactor , in good agreement with theoretical calculations. Experimental measurements were compared to various theoretical models for the number of primary particles, the dynamic shape factors, and the effective density. Copyright © 2016 American Association for Aerosol Research
Analysis of Naturalistic Driving Videos of Fleet Services Drivers to Estimate Driver Error and Potentially Distracting Behaviors as Risk Factors for Rear-end versus Angle Crashes
Creators: name: Karisa K. Harland
name: Carney, Cher
name: McGehee, Daniel
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Engineering

description: ABSTRACTObjective To estimate the prevalence and odds of fleet driver errors and potentially distracting behaviors just prior to rear-end versus angle crashes.Methods Analysis of naturalistic driving videos among fleet services drivers for errors and potentially distracting behaviors occurring in the six seconds before crash impact. Categorical variables were examined using the Pearson Chi-square test and continuous variables, such as eyes-off-road time, were compared using the Student's t-test. Multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate the odds of a driver error or potentially distracting behavior being present in the seconds before rear-end versus angle crashes.Results Of the 229 crashes analyzed, 101 (44%) were rear-end and 128 (56%) were angle crashes. Driver age, gender and presence of passengers did not differ significantly by crash type. Over 95% of rear-end crashes involved inadequate surveillance compared to only 52% of angle crashes (<0.0001). Almost 65% of rear-end crashes involved a potentially distracting driver behavior while less than 40% of angle crashes involved these behaviors (p<0.01). On average, drivers spent 4.4 seconds with their eyes off the road while operating or manipulating their cell phone. Drivers in rear-end crashes were at 3.06 (95% CI: 1.73–5.44) times adjusted higher odds of being potentially distracted than those in angle crashes.Conclusions Fleet driver driving errors and potentially distracting behaviors are frequent. This analysis provides data to inform safe driving interventions for fleet services drivers. Further research is needed in effective interventions to reduce the likelihood of driver distracting behaviors and errors which may potentially reducing crashes.
Probing the bioactive compounds of Kigelia africana as novel inhibitors of TNF-α converting enzyme using HPLC/GCMS analysis, FTIR and molecular modelling
Creators: name: Olofinsan, Kolawole
name: Olawale, Femi
name: Karigidi, Kayode
name: Shityakov, Sergey
name: Iwaloye, Opeyemi
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biophysics
Biochemistry
Pharmacology
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Information Systems not elsewhere classified
Cancer

description: Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha Converting Enzyme (TACE) mediates inflammatory disorder and contributes to the pathophysiology of a variety of illnesses, such as chronic inflammation and cancer. This study identified metabolites in solvent extracts of Kigelia africana as putative TACE inhibitors due to the plant’s known anti-inflammatory properties. HPLC-MS/GCMS analysis was used to characterize tentative phytochemicals from K. africana. The identified metabolites (n = 123) were docked with TACE to reveal the lead compounds. Binding free energy, ADMET prediction, molecular dynamics simulation at 100 ns, and DFT calculation were further conducted. The results revealed that K. africana contains sterol, phenols, alkaloids, terpenes and flavonoids. The FTIR shows that the extracts had peaks that correspond to the presence of different functional groups. The quantum polarized ligand docking (QPLD) analysis identified compound (n = 3) with binding affinity higher than standard compound IK-682. The hits also had modest ADMET profiles, interacted with essential residues within TACE binding pockets, and formed stable complexes with the protein. The 100 ns MD simulation shows that the compounds formed fairly stable interactions and complex with the protein as evidenced through RMSF, RMSD and MM-GBA results. The HOMO/LUMO, global descriptive molecular electrostatic potential Fukui function aid in the identification of the compounds’ atomic sites prone to electrophilic/neutrophilic attacks, and non-covalent interactions. This study suggests that K. africana’s bioactive compounds are capable of mitigating inflammation by inhibiting TACE. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma
Evaluation of a particle trap laser desorption mass spectrometer (PT-LDMS) for the quantification of sulfate aerosols
Creators: name: Y. Ozawa
name: N. Takeda
name: T. Miyakawa
name: N. Hirayama
name: N. Takegawa
name: M. Takei
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Chemistry
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Microbiology
subject: Physics
subject: Engineering
subject: Biochemistry

description: A particle trap laser desorption mass spectrometer (PT-LDMS) has been developed for online measurements of the chemical composition of submicron aerosol particles. The PT-LDMS was evaluated by both laboratory and ambient measurements, with the main focus being the quantification of sulfate aerosols. Ammonium sulfate ((NH4)2SO4) is generally the predominant form of sulfate aerosols in urban air; hence, it is used as a material for laboratory experiments and calibration. Major fragments of (NH4)2SO4 were observed at mass-to-charge ratios (m/z) of 48 (SO+) and 64 (SO2+). The dependence of the sensitivity (expressed as the ratio of the m/z 48 signal to sulfate mass) on the laser power and cell temperature was investigated. An intercomparison of the PT-LDMS with a commercial sulfate particle analyzer (SPA) and filter sampling was performed in Tokyo. Good agreement was observed between the SPA and filter analysis (slope = 0.98, r2 = 0.99). Although the mass concentration of sulfate measured by the PT-LDMS exhibited a tight correlation with that measured by the SPA, the mass concentration measured by the PT-LDMS tended to underestimate that measured by the SPA (slope = 0.70, r2 = 0.96). While the discrepancy can be attributed mainly to the difference in size cut between the PT-LDMS (approximately PM1) and SPA (PM2.5), differences in the vaporization efficiency were also found to be important.
A critical review of perfluorooctanoate and perfluorooctanesulfonate exposure and immunological health conditions in humans
Creators: name: Chang, Ellen T.
name: Hans-Olov Adami
name: Boffetta, Paolo
name: H. James Wedner
name: Mandel, Jack S.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Whether perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) and perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS), two widely used and biopersistent synthetic chemicals, are immunotoxic in humans is unclear. Accordingly, this article systematically and critically reviews the epidemiologic evidence on the association between exposure to PFOA and PFOS and various immune-related health conditions in humans. Twenty-four epidemiologic studies have reported associations of PFOA and/or PFOS with immune-related health conditions, including ten studies of immune biomarker levels or gene expression patterns, ten studies of atopic or allergic disorders, five studies of infectious diseases, four studies of vaccine responses, and five studies of chronic inflammatory or autoimmune conditions (with several studies evaluating multiple endpoints). Asthma, the most commonly studied condition, was evaluated in seven studies. With few, often methodologically limited studies of any particular health condition, generally inconsistent results, and an inability to exclude confounding, bias, or chance as an explanation for observed associations, the available epidemiologic evidence is insufficient to reach a conclusion about a causal relationship between exposure to PFOA and PFOS and any immune-related health condition in humans. When interpreting such studies, an immunodeficiency should not be presumed to exist when there is no evidence of a clinical abnormality. Large, prospective studies with repeated exposure assessment in independent populations are needed to confirm some suggestive associations with certain endpoints.
Eugenol nanocapsule for enhanced therapeutic activity against periodontal infections
Creators: name: Kannissery Pramod
name: M. R. Aji Alex
name: Singh, Manisha
name: Dang, Shweta
name: Ansari, Shahid H.
name: Ali, Javed
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Eugenol is a godsend to dental care due to its analgesic, local anesthetic, and anti-inflammatory and antibacterial effects. The aim of the present research work was to prepare, characterize and evaluate eugenol-loaded nanocapsules (NCs) against periodontal infections. Eugenol-loaded polycaprolactone (PCL) NCs were prepared by solvent displacement method. The nanometric size of the prepared NCs was confirmed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The in vitro drug release was found to follow a biphasic pattern and followed Michaelis–Menten like model. The percentage cell viability values near to 100 in the cell viability assay indicated that the NCs are not cytotoxic. In the in vivo studies, the eugenol NC group displayed significant difference in the continuity of epithelium of the interdental papilla in comparison to the untreated, pure eugenol and placebo groups. The in vivo performance of the eugenol-loaded NCs using ligature-induced periodontitis model in rats indicated that eugenol-loaded NCs could prevent septal bone resorption in periodontitis. On the basis of our research findings it could be concluded that eugenol-loaded PCL NCs could serve as a novel colloidal drug delivery system for enhanced therapeutic activity of eugenol in the treatment of periodontal infections.
Simultaneous targeting of VEGF-receptors 2 and 3 with immunoliposomes enhances therapeutic efficacy
Creators: name: Orleth, Annette
name: Mamot, Christoph
name: Rochlitz, Christoph
name: Ritschard, Reto
name: Alitalo, Kari
name: Christofori, Gerhard
name: Wicki, Andreas
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Background: Tumor progression depends on angiogenesis. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptors (VEGFRs) are the main signal transducers that stimulate endothelial cell migration and vessel sprouting. At present, only VEGFR2 is targeted in the clinical practice. Purpose: To develop new, anti-angiogenic nanoparticles (immunoliposomes, ILs), that redirect cytotoxic compounds to tumor-associated vascular cells. Methods: Pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (PLD) was targeted against VEGFR2- and VEGFR3-expressing cells by inserting anti-VEGFR2 and/or anti-VEGFR3 antibody fragments into the lipid bilayer membrane of PLD. These constructs were tested in vitro, and in vivo in the Rip1Tag2 mouse model of human cancer. Results: The combination treatment with anti-VEGFR2-ILs-dox and anti-VEGFR3-ILs-dox was superior to targeting only VEGFR2 cells and provides a highly efficient approach of depleting tumor-associated vasculature. This leads to tumor starvation and pronounced reduction of tumor burden. Conclusion: Nanoparticles against VEGFR2 and −3 expressing tumor-associated endothelial cells represent a promising and novel anti-cancer strategy.