cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Towards understanding the ultraviolet behavior of quantum loops in infinite-derivative theories of gravity
Creators: name: Talaganis, Spyridon
name: Biswas, Tirthabir
name: Mazumdar, Anupam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we will consider quantum aspects of a non-local, infinite-derivative scalar field theory - a $\it toy \, model$ depiction of a covariant infinite-derivative, non-local extension of Einstein's general relativity which has previously been shown to be free from ghosts around the Minkowski background. The graviton propagator in this theory gets an exponential suppression making it $\it asymptotically \, free$, thus providing strong prospects of resolving various classical and quantum divergences. In particular, we will find that at $1$-loop, the $2$-point function is still divergent, but once this amplitude is renormalized by adding appropriate counter terms, the ultraviolet (UV) behavior of all other $1$-loop diagrams as well as the $2$-loop, $2$-point function remains well under control. We will go on to discuss how one may be able to generalize our computations and arguments to arbitrary loops.
description: 52 pages, 8 figures; v3: Published in Classical and Quantum Gravity; v4: minor revisions
Cell Cycle Control, Checkpoint Mechanisms, and Genotoxic Stress
Creators: name: Kaufmann, W K
name: Paules, R S
name: Shackelford, R E
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1999

description: The ability of cells to maintain genomic integrity is vital for cell survival and proliferation. Lack of fidelity in DNA replication and maintenance can result in deleterious mutations leading to cell death or, in multicellular organisms, cancer. The purpose of this review is to discuss the known signal transduction pathways that regulate cell cycle progression and the mechanisms cells employ to insure DNA stability in the face of genotoxic stress. In particular, we focus on mammalian cell cycle checkpoint functions, their role in maintaining DNA stability during the cell cycle following exposure to genotoxic agents, and the gene products that act in checkpoint function signal transduction cascades. Key transitions in the cell cycle are regulated by the activities of various protein kinase complexes composed of cyclin and cyclin-dependent kinase (Cdk) molecules. Surveillance control mechanisms that check to ensure proper completion of early events and cellular integrity before initiation of subsequent events in cell cycle progression are referred to as cell cycle checkpoints and can generate a transient delay that provides the cell more time to repair damage before progressing to the next phase of the cycle. A variety of cellular responses are elicited that function in checkpoint signaling to inhibit cyclin/Cdk activities. These responses include the p53-dependent and p53-independent induction of Cdk inhibitors and the p53-independent inhibitory phosphorylation of Cdk molecules themselves. Eliciting proper G1, S, and G2 checkpoint responses to double-strand DNA breaks requires the function of the Ataxia telangiectasia mutated gene product. Several human heritable cancer-prone syndromes known to alter DNA stability have been found to have defects in checkpoint surveillance pathways. Exposures to several common sources of genotoxic stress, including oxidative stress, ionizing radiation, UV radiation, and the genotoxic compound benzo[a]pyrene, elicit cell cycle checkpoint responses that show both similarities and differences in their molecular signaling.ImagesFigure 3
Upvotes? Downvotes? No Votes? Understanding the relationship between reaction mechanisms and political discourse on Reddit
Creators: name: Papakyriakopoulos, Orestis
name: Engelmann, Severin
name: Winecoff, Amy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A significant share of political discourse occurs online on social media platforms. Policymakers and researchers try to understand the role of social media design in shaping the quality of political discourse around the globe. In the past decades, scholarship on political discourse theory has produced distinct characteristics of different types of prominent political rhetoric such as deliberative, civic, or demagogic discourse. This study investigates the relationship between social media reaction mechanisms (i.e., upvotes, downvotes) and political rhetoric in user discussions by engaging in an in-depth conceptual analysis of political discourse theory. First, we analyze 155 million user comments in 55 political subforums on Reddit between 2010 and 2018 to explore whether users' style of political discussion aligns with the essential components of deliberative, civic, and demagogic discourse. Second, we perform a quantitative study that combines confirmatory factor analysis with difference in differences models to explore whether different reaction mechanism schemes (e.g., upvotes only, upvotes and downvotes, no reaction mechanisms) correspond with political user discussion that is more or less characteristic of deliberative, civic, or demagogic discourse. We produce three main takeaways. First, despite being "ideal constructs of political rhetoric," we find that political discourse theories describe political discussions on Reddit to a large extent. Second, we find that discussions in subforums with only upvotes, or both up- and downvotes are associated with user discourse that is more deliberate and civic. Third, social media discussions are most demagogic in subreddits with no reaction mechanisms at all. These findings offer valuable contributions for ongoing policy discussions on the relationship between social media interface design and respectful political discussion among users.
Free energy from stationary implementation of the DFT+DMFT functional
Creators: name: Haule, Kristjan
name: Birol, Turan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The stationary functional of the all-electron density functional plus dynamical mean field theory (DFT+DMFT) formalism to perform free energy calculations and structural relaxations is implemented for the first time. Here, the first order error in the density leads to a much smaller, second order error in the free energy. The method is applied to several well known correlated materials; metallic SrVO$_3$, Mott insulating FeO, and elemental Cerium, to show that it predicts the lattice constants with very high accuracy. In Cerium, we show that our method predicts the iso-structural transition between the $α$ and $γ$ phases, and resolve the long standing controversy in the driving mechanism of this transition.
Daily variation of particulate air pollution and poor cardiac autonomic control in the elderly
Creators: name: Creason, J
name: Williams, R
name: Zweidinger, R
name: Shy, C
name: Watts, R
name: Liao, D
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1999

description: examined the cardiac autonomic response to daily variations in PM in 26 elderly (mean age 81) individuals for 3 consecutive weeks. Several standardized methods were used to measure 24-hr average PM concentrations prior to the clinical test inside (indoor PM2.5) and immediately outside (outdoor PM2.5 and PM2.5-10) of participants' residences. Resting, supine, 6-min R wave to R wave (R-R) interval data were collected to estimate high frequency (0.15-0.40 Hz) and low frequency (0.04-0.15 Hz) powers and standard deviation of normal R-R intervals (SDNN) as cardiac autonomic control indices. Participant-specific lower heart rate variability days were defined as days for which the high-frequency indices fell below the first tertile of the individual's high-frequency distribution over the study period. Indoor PM2.5 > 15 microg/m3 was used to define high pollution days. Results show that the odds ratio (95% confidence interval) of low heart rate variability high frequency for high (vs. not high) pollution days was 3.08 (1.43, 6.59). The ss-coefficients (standard error) from mixed models to assess the quantitative relationship between variations in indoor PM2.5 and the log-transformed high frequency, low frequency, and SDNN were: -0.029 (0.010), -0.027 (0.009), and -0.004 (0.003), respectively. This first study of cardiac autonomic control response to daily variations of PM2.5 indicates that increased levels of PM2.5 are associated with lower cardiac autonomic control, suggesting a possible mechanistic link between PM and cardiovascular disease mortality.ImagesFigure 1
Environmental chemical exposures and risk of herpes zoster
Creators: name: Vine, M F
name: Arndt, V
name: Weigle, K
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1999

description: This study investigated whether residence in Aberdeen, North Carolina, the location of the Aberdeen pesticides dumps site (a national priority list Superfund site containing organochlorine pesticides, volatile organic compounds, and metals), is associated with immune suppression as indicated by a higher incidence of herpes zoster and recent occurrences of other common infectious diseases. Study participants included 1,642 residents, 18-64 years of age, who responded to a telephone survey concerning potential occupational and recreational exposures to pesticides and other chemicals, lifetime history of herpes zoster (shingles), and the recent occurrence of other common infectious diseases. Stratified and logistic regression analyses were used to compare the cumulative incidence of herpes zoster among Aberdeen residents and residents of nearby communities. There was little evidence of an overall increased risk of herpes zoster among Aberdeen residents during the period 1951-1994 [relative risk (RR), 1.3; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.8-2.1]. However, an elevated risk of herpes zoster was noted consistently among Aberdeen residents of younger ages as compared to residents of the nearby communities. The RR was 2.0 (CI, 1.0-4.0) among those 18-40 years of age and was not affected by controlling for potential confounders. The RR of herpes zoster was also consistently elevated in all age groups for the period before 1985. No differences were noted between residents of Aberdeen and those of the nearby communities with respect to the recent occurrence of other common infectious diseases. These results support the plausibility of an association between exposure to the Aberdeen pesticides dumps site and immune suppression and the potential use of herpes zoster as a marker of immune suppression in studies of environmental chemical exposures.ImagesFigure 1
An Australian frontier: Aborigines and settlers at the Daly River, 1912-1940
Creators: name: Richards, Michaela
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 1982
Subjects: Aboriginal Australians
Australia
Daly River Region (N.T.)
History
Social conditions

description: The Daly River flows northwestwards for 225 kilometres from its origin at the junction of the Katherine and Flora Rivers in the northwest of the Northern Territory, to Anson Bay on the Timor Sea.
The Economy of Internet-Based Hospitality Exchange
Creators: name: Tagiew, Rustam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we analyze and compare general development and individual behavior on two non-profit internet-based hospitality exchange services -- bewelcome.org and warmshowers.org. We measure the effort needed to achieve a real-life interaction, whereby the advantages of mutual altruism arise. The effort needed is the communication quantified in units of time. Since the amount of effort is not obvious to individual users, the development of the effort investing strategy is investigated. The impact of individual behavior on general development is discussed.
description: 6 pages, 8 figures and 4 tables
Qualification of Proof Assistants, Checkers, and Generators: Where Are We and What Next?
Creators: name: Gleirscher, Mario
name: Sachtleben, Robert
name: Peleska, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Cyber-physical systems, such as learning robots and other autonomous systems, employ high-integrity software in their safety-critical control. This software is developed using a range of tools some of which need to be qualified for this purpose according to international standards. In this article, we first evaluate the state of the art of tool qualification for proof assistants, checkers (e.g., model checkers), and generators (e.g., code generators, compilers) by means of a SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats) analysis. Our focus is on the qualification of tools in the three mentioned categories. Our objective is to assess under which conditions these tools are already fit or could be made fit for use in the practical engineering and assurance of high-integrity control software. In a second step, we derive a viewpoint and a corresponding range of suggestions for improved tool qualification from the results of our SWOT analysis.
Immunopathogenesis of Environmentally Induced Lupus in Mice
Creators: name: Satoh, M
name: Jennette, J C
name: Shaw, M
name: Richards, H B
name: Shaheen, V M
name: Reeves, W H
name: Yoshida, H
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1999

description: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a systemic autoimmune syndrome defined by clinical and serologic features, including arthritis, glomerulonephritis, and certain autoantibodies such as anti-nuclear ribonucleoprotein (nRNP)/Smith antigen (Sm), DNA, and ribosomal P. Although lupus is considered primarily a genetic disorder, we recently demonstrated the induction of a syndrome strikingly similar to spontaneous lupus in many nonautoimmune strains of mice exposed to the isoprenoid alkane pristane (2,6,10,14-tetramethylpentadecane), a component of mineral oil. Intraperitoneal injection of pristane leads to the formation of lipogranulomas consisting of phagocytic cells that have engulfed the oil and collections of lymphocytes. Subsequently, pristane-treated BALB/c and SJL mice develop autoantibodies characteristic of SLE, including anti-nRNP/Sm, antiribosomal P, anti-Su, antichromatin, anti-single-stranded DNA, and anti-double-stranded DNA. This is accompanied by a severe glomerulonephritis with immune complex deposition, mesangial or mesangiocapillary proliferation, and proteinuria. All inbred mice examined appear to be susceptible to this novel form of chemically induced lupus. Pristane-induced lupus is the only inducible model of autoimmunity associated with the clinical syndrome as well as with the characteristic serologic abnormalities of SLE. Defining the immunopathogenesis of pristane-induced lupus in mice may provide insight into the causes of spontaneous (idiopathic) lupus and also may lead to information concerning possible risks associated with the ingestion or inhalation of mineral oil and exposure to hydrocarbons in the environment.ImagesFigure 1Figure 2Figure 3
Camilo Castelo Branco, Correspondência Epistolar, 5ªedição. Parceria A. M. Pereira, 2 vol. de 292 e 256 ps. 130x195. Lisboa 1968
Creators: name: B., A. J.
Publisher: name: Theologica
Year: 1969

description: Theologica, v. 4 n. 1 (1969)
Ion Temperature Evolution in an Ultracold Neutral Plasma
Creators: name: McQuillen, P.
name: Strickler, T.
name: Langin, T.
name: Killian, T. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the long-time evolution of the ion temperature in an expanding ultracold neutral plasma using spatially resolved, laser-induced-fluorescence spectroscopy. Adiabatic cooling reduces the ion temperature by an order of magnitude during the plasma expansion, to temperatures as low as 0.2 K. Cooling is limited by heat exchange between ions and the much hotter electrons. We also present evidence for an additional heating mechanism and discuss possible sources. Data are described by a model of the plasma evolution, including the effects of ion-electron heat exchange. We show that for appropriate initial conditions, the degree of Coulomb coupling of ions in the plasma increases during expansion.
D6.4 - Findings of monitoring and evaluation (Phase 2)
Creators: name: Potters, Jorieke
name: Bulten, Ellen
name: Van Dam, Darleen
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: This report shares the findings resulting from monitoring and evaluating the functioning and experiences of the 40 SHERPA MAPs during the second phase of the project between July 2021 and August 2023.
Of (Biological) Models and Simulations
Creators: name: Ling, Maurice HT
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Modeling and simulation are recognized as important aspects of the scientific method for more than 70 years but its adoption in biology has been slow. Debates on its representativeness, usefulness, and whether the effort spent on such endeavors is worthwhile, exist to this day. Here, I argue that most of learning is modeling; hence, arriving at a contradiction if models are not useful. Representing biological systems through mathematical models can be difficult but the modeling procedure is a process in itself that follows a semi-formal set of rules. Although seldom reported, failure in modeling is not a rare event but I argue that this is usually a result of erroneous underlying knowledge or misapplication of a model beyond its intended purpose. I argue that in many biological studies, simulation is the only experimental tool. In others, simulation is a means of reducing possible combinations of experimental work; thereby, presenting an economical case for simulation; thus, worthwhile to engage in this endeavor. The representativeness of simulation depends on the validation, verification, assumptions, and limitations of the underlying model. This will be illustrated using the inter-relationship between population, samples, probability theory, and statistics.
Morphogenetic Roles of Acetylcholine
Creators: name: Schambra, U B
name: Lauder, J M
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1999

description: In the adult nervous system, neurotransmitters mediate cellular communication within neuronal circuits. In developing tissues and primitive organisms, neurotransmitters subserve growth regulatory and morphogenetic functions. Accumulated evidence suggests that acetylcholine, (ACh), released from growing axons, regulates growth, differentiation, and plasticity of developing central nervous system neurons. In addition to intrinsic cholinergic neurons, the cerebral cortex and hippocampus receive extensive innervation from cholinergic neurons in the basal forebrain, beginning prenatally and continuing throughout the period of active growth and synaptogenesis. Acute exposure to ethanol in early gestation (which prevents formation of basal forebrain cholinergic neurons) or neonatal lesioning of basal forebrain cholinergic neurons, significantly compromises cortical development and produces persistent impairment of cognitive functions. Neonatal visual deprivation alters developmental expression of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChR) in visual cortex, whereas local infusion of mAChR antagonists impairs plasticity of visual cortical neurons. These findings raise the possibility that exposure to environmental neurotoxins that affect cholinergic systems may seriously compromise brain development and have long-lasting morphologic, neurochemical, and functional consequences.
A Stochastic Simulation of the Economic Effects of the Spread of the Gypsy Moth Throughout the United States: Program Documentation & Users Guide for GYMMSIM1
Creators: name: Foster, Henry S.
name: Foster, Henry S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1982
Subjects: subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession
subject: Gypsy moth
subject: stochastic simulation
subject: financial budgeting
subject: planning horizon
subject: present value
subject: documentation

description: A computerized model for estimating the economic effects of the spread of the gypsy moth throughout the United States has been developed. The model, GYMMSIM1, uses stochastic simulation in a financial budgeting framework over a planning horizon and has been developed to allow a wide range of assumptions and policy alternatives to be simulated. This manuscript provides general model documentation describing the use of program parameters for various scenarios, definitions of variables, a description of the SAS data base required for the simulation, and SAS macros used. Technical appendices provide information for those who wish to modify, revise, or improve the program.
Morphogenic Role for Acetylcholinesterase in Axonal Outgrowth during Neural Development
Creators: name: Bigbee, J W
name: Dupree, J L
name: Sharma, K V
name: Gupta, J J
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1999

description: Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) is the enzyme that hydrolyzes the neurotransmitter acetylcholine at cholinergic synapses and neuromuscular junctions. However, results from our laboratory and others indicate that AChE has an extrasynaptic, noncholinergic role during neural development. This article is a review of our findings demonstrating the morphogenic role of AChE, using a neuronal cell culture model. We also discuss how these data suggest that AChE has a cell adhesive function during neural development. These results could have additional significance as AChE is the target enzyme of agricultural organophosphate and carbamate pesticides as well as the commonly used household organophosphate chlorpyrifos (Dursban). Prenatal exposure to these agents could have adverse effects on neural development by interfering with the morphogenic function of AChE.ImagesFigure 1Figure 2Figure 4Figure 5Figure 6Figure 7
Radiation and mortality of workers at Oak Ridge National Laboratory: positive associations for doses received at older ages
Creators: name: Wing, S
name: Richardson, D B
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1999

description: We examined associations between low-level exposure to ionizing radiation and mortality among 14,095 workers hired at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory between 1943 and 1972. Workers at the facility were individually monitored for external exposure to ionizing radiation and have been followed through 1990 to ascertain cause of death information. Positive associations were observed between low-level exposure to external ionizing radiation and mortality. These associations were larger for doses received after 45 years of age, larger under longer lag assumptions, and primarily due to cancer causes of death. All cancer mortality was estimated to increase 4.98% [standard error (SE) = 1.5] per 10-mSv cumulative dose received after age 45 under a 10-year lag, and 7.31% (SE = 2.2) per 10-mSv cumulative dose received after age 45 under a 20-year lag. Associations between radiation dose and lung cancer were of similar magnitude to associations between radiation dose and all cancers except lung cancer. Nonmalignant respiratory disease exhibited a positive association with cumulative radiation dose received after age 45, whereas ischemic heart disease exhibited no association with radiation dose. These findings suggest increases in cancer mortality associated with low-level external exposure to ionizing radiation and potentially greater sensitivity to the carcinogenic effects of ionizing radiation with older ages at exposure.ImagesFigure 1
A Systematic Search for RNase-based Self-incompatibility
Creators: name: Ramanauskas, Karolis
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2022
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Most flowering plant species have co-sexual individuals whose own pollen often lands on their own stigmas. And yet, approximately one-half are self-incompatible---they cannot self-fertilize. Instead, individuals commonly express a genetic mechanism that sorts and differentially rejects incoming pollen. Many mechanisms exist, but one, RNase-based self-incompatibility, is potentially widespread. Although it is found across eudicots, it has only been characterized in a handful of species in distantly related families. My work has uncovered the presence of this mechanism in at least two new flowering plant families: Cactaceae and Primulaceae. These findings yield additional evidence that the ancestor of nearly all eudicots possessed RNase-based self-incompatibility. The RNA-seq based approach and the associated bioinformatics pipeline are promising and could open doors for work on difficult species such as trees and other long-lived plants.
The Role of Environmental Factors in Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus: An Unresolved Issue
Creators: name: Kraine, M R
name: Tisch, R M
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1999

description: Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is an autoimmune disease characterized by the destruction of the insulin-secreting beta cells found in the islets of Langerhans. Reduced beta-cell mass results in overt diabetes, requiring lifelong exogenous insulin administration and the possibility of numerous sequelae. Incidence and development of IDDM depend upon a variety of genetic and nongenetic factors. Environmental factors such as chemicals, diet, and infection are suspected to influence the development of disease. This review describes the work performed to date to elucidate the role of these environmental factors in IDDM.
Two Cellular Resource Based Models Linking Growth and Parts Characteristics Aids the Study and Optimization of Synthetic Gene Circuits
Creators: name: Wang, Huijuan
name: Ling, Maurice HT
name: Chua, Tze Kwang
name: Poh, Chueh Loo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A major challenge in synthetic genetic circuit development is the inter-dependency between heterologous gene expressions by circuits and host's growth rate. Increasing heterologous gene expression increases burden to the host, resulting in host growth reduction; which reduces overall heterologous protein abundance. Hence, it is difficult to design predictable genetic circuits. Here, we develop two biophysical models; one for promoter, another for RBS; to correlate heterologous gene expression and growth reduction. We model cellular resource allocation in E. coli to describe the burden, as growth reduction, caused by genetic circuits. To facilitate their uses in genetic circuit design, inputs to the model are common characteristics of biological parts [e.g. relative promoter strength (RPU) and relative ribosome binding sites strength (RRU)]. The models suggest that E. coli's growth rate reduces linearly with increasing RPU / RRU of the genetic circuits; thus, providing 2 handy models taking parts characteristics as input to estimate growth rate reduction for fine tuning genetic circuit design in silico prior to construction. Our promoter model correlates well with experiments using various genetic circuits, both single and double expression cassettes, up to a relative promoter unit of 3.7 with a 60% growth rate reduction (average R2 ~ 0.9).
Chronic Arsenic Exposure and Risk of Infant Mortality in Two Areas of Chile
Creators: name: Gibb, Herman
name: Ferreccio, Catterina
name: Peralta, Cecilia
name: Hertz-Picciotto, Irva
name: Hopenhayn-Rich, Claudia
name: Browning, Steven R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2000

description: Chronic arsenic exposure has been associated with a range of neurologic, vascular, dermatologic, and carcinogenic effects. However, limited research has been directed at the association of arsenic exposure and human reproductive health outcomes. The principal aim of this study was to investigate the trends in infant mortality between two geographic locations in Chile: Antofagasta, which has a well-documented history of arsenic exposure from naturally contaminated water, and Valparaíso, a comparable low-exposure city. The arsenic concentration in Antofagasta's public drinking water supply rose substantially in 1958 with the introduction of a new water source, and remained elevated until 1970. We used a retrospective study design to examine time and location patterns in infant mortality between 1950 and 1996, using univariate statistics, graphical techniques, and Poisson regression analysis. Results of the study document the general declines in late fetal and infant mortality over the study period in both locations. The data also indicate an elevation of the late fetal, neonatal, and postneonatal mortality rates for Antofagasta, relative to Valparaíso, for specific time periods, which generally coincide with the period of highest arsenic concentration in the drinking water of Antofagasta. Poisson regression analysis yielded an elevated and significant association between arsenic exposure and late fetal mortality [rate ratio (RR) = 1.7; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.5-1.9], neonatal mortality (RR = 1.53; CI, 1.4-1.7), and postneonatal mortality (RR = 1.26; CI, 1.2-1.3) after adjustment for location and calendar time. The findings from this investigation may support a role for arsenic exposure in increasing the risk of late fetal and infant mortality.ImagesFigure 1Figure 2Figure 3Figure 4Figure 5
A metapopulation model with Markovian landscape dynamics
Creators: name: McVinish, R.
name: Pollett, P. K.
name: Chan, Y. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 92D40

description: We study a variant of Hanski's incidence function model that allows habitat patch characteristics to vary over time following a Markov process. The widely studied case where patches are classified as either suitable or unsuitable is included as a special case. For large metapopulations, we determine a recursion for the probability that a given habitat patch is occupied. This recursion enables us to clarify the role of landscape dynamics in the survival of a metapopulation. In particular, we show that landscape dynamics affects the persistence and equilibrium level of the metapopulation primarily through its effect on the distribution of a local population's life span.
description: This manuscript version is made available under the CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
More on tame dynamical systems
Creators: name: Glasner, Eli
name: Megrelishvili, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: General Topology (math.GN)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37Bxx, 46-xx, 54H15, 26A45

description: In this work, on the one hand, we survey and amplify old results concerning tame dynamical systems and, on the other, prove some new results and exhibit new examples of such systems. In particular, we study tame symbolic systems and establish a neat characterization of tame subshifts. We also provide sufficient conditions which ensure that certain coding functions are tame. Finally we discuss examples where certain universal dynamical systems associated with some Polish groups are tame.
description: 32 pages, revised proof of Theorem 6.8. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1405.2588
Concentrated Swine Feeding Operations and Public Health: A Review of Occupational and Community Health Effects
Creators: name: Wing, Steve
name: Todd, Lori
name: Cole, Dana
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2000

description: Recent industry changes in swine-management practices have resulted in a growing controversy surrounding the environmental and public health effects of modern swine production. The numerous wastes produced by intensive swine production not only pose a significant challenge to effective environmental management but also are associated with decreased air quality in confinement houses, potentially transferable antimicrobial resistance patterns, and several infectious agents that can be pathogenic to humans. Published studies have documented a variety of contaminants, microbial agents, and health effects in those occupationally exposed to swine, and these have provided the groundwork for an increasing body of research to evaluate possible community health effects. Nonetheless, several factors limit our ability to define and quantify the potential role of intensive swine-rearing facilities in occupational and community health. Our incomplete understanding and ability to detect specific exposures; the complicated nature of disease etiology; pathogenesis; and surveillance; and the inherent difficulties associated with study design all contribute to the inadequate level of knowledge that currently prevails. However; an evaluation of the published literature; and a recognition of the elements that may be compromising these studies; provides the foundation from which future studies may develop.
Stenus cuccodoroi Puthz, 2004, sp. n
Creators: name: Puthz, Volker
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2004
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Staphylinidae
Stenus
Stenus cuccodoroi

description: (s. sp. n. Material'. ♂ - Holotypus und 3 ♂ ♂ -, 2 ♀ ♀ - Paratypen: P apua N euguinea: Morobe. Biaru Rd., Mt. Saredomo. 2450 n, 9.VI. 1992, G. Cuccodoro # 20A (MHNG, 2 PTT coli. Puthz). Beschreibung'. Länge: 2,7-3,7 mm (Vorderkörperlänge: 1,6-1,8 mm). blau-metallisch, glänzend. Vorderkörper sehr grob und sehr dicht punktiert, Abdomen ziemlich grob und mässig dicht punktiert; Beborstung kurz, wenig auffällig. Fühler hellbraun, die Keule dunkler, Kiefertaster gelb, das 3. Glied wenig dunkler, Beine kastanienbraun, die Schenkelspitzen etwas dunkler. Clypeus schwarz, Oberlippe schwarzbraun, beide ziemlich dicht beborstet. PM des HT und eines ♂ - PT in Klammem: wH: 27.5 (27.8); aE:16 (16); wP: 21,8 (23), IP: 23 (25); wEl: 30 (35); 1E1: 27 (33,5); IS: 22 (28). Männchen: Auszeichnungen. abgeflacht, grob, dicht punktiert. Hinterhüftumrandung glatt. Vorderstem ite ohne Auszeichnungen. 7. Stemit in der hinteren Mitte sehr fein und sehr dicht punktiert und beborstet, Hinterrand sehr flach ausgerandet. 8. Sternit mit breitrunder Ausrandung etwa im hinteren Zwölftel. 9. Sternit apikolateral mit spitzem Zahn. 10. Tergit breit abgerundet. Aedoeagus (Fig. 5), Medianlobus stumpf-dreieckig verengt und im Innern mit dünntubigem Ausstülphaken. länger Medianlobus. an ihren Spitzen nur mit zwei subapikalen Borsten. Weibchen: 8. Sternit breit abgerundet. Valvifer apikolateral spitzem Zahn. 10. Tergit abgerundet. Bemerkungen: neue gehört in Gruppe 5. toxopei (Puthz, 1971: 448f.) und ist hier die 5. delicatus Puthz, in grundsätzlich ähnelt. jedoch von Kopf (deutlich Elytren) flacherer, weniger tief einge­ senkter Stirn mit etwas gröberer Punktierung (die Punkte erreichen gut den apikalen Querschnitt des 2. Fühlergliedes), durch gröbere Pronotumpunktierung (die Pronotumpunktierung ist nur wenig feiner als diejenige der Elytren. bei 5. delicatus ist der Unterschied viel auffälliger) sowie durch den Innenbau (Hakenumriss) des Medianlobus. Von. delicatulus Puthz unterscheidet sich die neue Art durch schmäleren Kopf, breitere Elytren. weniger grob punktiertes Abdomen und den Aedoeagus. In ihren Proportionen sind die Stücke der Typenserie merklich variabel: ein 3 - Paratypus fällt durch erheblichere Grösse und breitere Elytren auf (vgl. o.). Etymologie: Ich dediziere diese schöne neue Art ihrem Sammler, Herrn Dr G. Cuccodoro (Genf).
description: Published as part of Puthz, Volker, 2004, Neue orientalische Arten der Gattung Stenus Latreille aus dem Genfer Museum (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) 284. Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Steninen, pp. 285-301 in Revue suisse de Zoologie 111 (2) on page 287, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3576334
description: {"references": ["Puthz, V. 1971. Revision of the Stenus-species of New Guinea. Part I. (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae). Pacific Insects 13: 447 - 469."]}
Vários, Anais, Crónicas e Memórias avulsas de Santa Cruz de Coimbra. Textos e Introdução por António Cruz, Professor da Faculdade de Letras do Porto. Vol. Edit. Biblioteca Municipal do Porto. Vol. de 178 ps
Creators: name: Arieiro, José
Publisher: name: Theologica
Year: 1969

description: Theologica, v. 4 n. 1 (1969)
Development of Atopy and Asthma: Candidate Environmental Influences and Important Periods of Exposure
Creators: name: Peden, David B
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2000

description: Atopy is a major risk factor for the development of asthma. Immune processes that lead to the development of antigen-specific IgE are essential to the development of atopy. This review examines the immune processes that are candidate targets for modulation by environmental agents; environmental and lifestyle factors that have been suggested as modulators of the development of atopy; and the impact of known environmental agents on atopic processes in the airway. The most important periods of immune development with regard to expression of atopy are likely during gestation and early childhood. A better understanding of which environmental agents are important, as well as the period of life during which these agents may exert an important effect, is essential to devising rational environmental avoidance strategies for at-risk populations.
Art for Earth's sake
Creators: name: England, Michele
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2022

description: This practice-led research explored painting compositions and techniques as a means of relaying my concerns about the escalating negative impact of entrenched anthropogenic systems on the Earth. I juxtaposed the still life painting genre with collage techniques to suggest the causes and impact of the growing crisis. The still life genre is a traditional approach that suggests the domestic interior, a contrived zone of human desire and safety. I used collage to inject terrestrial places of destruction and demise into this zone, suggesting the connection between systemic human activity and environmental degradation. A reflective and reflexive methodology helped to navigate numerous studio investigations and I utilised photography and drawing, in addition to collage, to drive visual compositions. Various materials and painting techniques were explored, and I settled on utilising a mix of paint materiality, craft, and traditional techniques. Flowers became a significant motif for their legacy regarding transience, global trade, and beauty. My studio investigations have resulted in an Expanded still life language that discusses the current environmental issues in a novel manner.
Effects on the Immune System Associated with Living Near a Pesticide Dump Site
Creators: name: Hanchette, Carol
name: Schroeder, Jane
name: Vine, Marilyn F.
name: Backer, Lorraine
name: Tse, Chiu-Kit J.
name: Degnan, Darrah
name: Weigle, Kristen
name: Stein, Leonard
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2000

description: In this paper, we report results of the second phase of a larger study designed to evaluate the effects on the immune system of living near a Superfund site containing organochlorine pesticides, volatile organic compounds, and metals. Phase II was conducted to determine whether living near the site, consisting of six locations in Aberdeen, North Carolina, is associated with higher plasma organochlorine levels, immune suppression, or DNA damage. Each of 302 residents of Aberdeen and neighboring communities provided a blood specimen, underwent a skin test, and answered a questionnaire. Blood specimens were analyzed for organochlorine pesticides, immune markers, and micronuclei. Of 20 organochlorines tested, only DDE was detected in the blood of participants (except for one individual). Age-adjusted mean plasma DDE levels were 4.05 ppb for Aberdeen residents and 2.95 ppb (p = 0.01) for residents of neighboring communities. Residents of 40-59 years of age who lived within a mile of any site, but particularly the Farm Chemicals site, had higher plasma DDE levels than residents who lived farther away. Residents who lived near the Farm Chemicals site before versus after 1985 also had higher plasma DDE levels. Overall, there were few differences in immune markers between residents of Aberdeen and the neighboring communities. However, residents who lived closer to the dump sites had statistically significantly lower mitogen-induced lymphoproliferative activity than residents who lived farther away (p < 0.05). Residential location was not consistently associated with frequency of micronuclei or skin test responses. Although some statistically significant differences in immune markers were noted in association with residential location, the magnitude of effects are of uncertain clinical importance.
Interoperabilität - ohne PIDs kaum möglich
Creators: name: Ziedorn, Frauke
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Persistent Identifier
DOI
ORCID
Repository
CRIS

description: 1. Vorstellung des PID Network Deutschland
2. PID-Nutzung in Repositorien
3.PIDs in Repositorien am Beispiel der ORCID iD.
Präsentation im Rahmen des Workshops "Next Gen Repositories – Erfahrungen, Herausforderungen und Möglichkeiten" in Marburg.
Permutation Patterns, Statistics on Permutations and Sorting by Shuffling
Creators: name: Dimitrov, Stoyan
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2022
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Patterns in permutations have been extensively studied in the past, as a topic within the area of enumerative combinatorics, and they have turned out to be useful when answering various questions in computer science, statistics, computational biology and other fields. Suppose that we have two permutations $\sigma = \sigma_{1}\cdots \sigma_{k}\in S_{k}$ and $\pi = \pi_{1}\cdots \pi_{n}\in S_{n}$, where $k\leq n$ and $S_m$ denotes the set of permutations of size $m$. We say that $\pi$ contains the classical pattern $\sigma$, if there exist indices $1\leq i_{1}<\cdots
A Possible Chemical Clock in High-mass Star-forming Regions: N(HC3N)/N(N2H+)?
Creators: name: Wang, Y. X.
name: Zhang, J. S.
name: Yu, H. Z.
name: Wang, Y.
name: Yan, Y. T.
name: Chen, J. L.
name: Zhao, J. Y.
name: Zou, Y. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We conducted observations of multiple HC3N (J = 10-9, 12-11, and 16-15) lines and the N2H+ (J = 1-0) line toward a large sample of 61 ultracompact (UC) H II regions, through the Institutde Radioastronomie Millmetrique 30 m and the Arizona Radio Observatory 12 m telescopes. The N2H+ J = 1-0 line is detected in 60 sources and HC3N is detected in 59 sources, including 40 sources with three lines, 9 sources with two lines, and 10 sources with one line. Using the rotational diagram, the rotational temperature and column density of HC3N were estimated toward sources with at least two HC3N lines. For 10 sources with only one HC3N line, their parameters were estimated, taking one average value of Trot. For N2H+, we estimated the optical depth of the N2H+ J = 1-0 line, based on the line intensity ratio of its hyperfine structure lines. Then the excitation temperature and column density were calculated. When combining our results in UC H II regions and previous observation results on high-mass starless cores and high-mass protostellar cores, the N(HC3N)/N(N2H+) ratio clearly increases from the region stage. This means that the abundance ratio changes with the evolution of high-mass star-forming regions (HMSFRs). Moreover, positive correlations between the ratio and other evolutionary indicators (dust temperature, bolometric luminosity, and luminosity-to-mass ratio) are found. Thus we propose the ratio of N(HC3N)/N(N2H+) as a reliable chemical clock of HMSFRs.
description: 40 pages, 8 figures and 8 tables
Superconductivity of magnesium diboride
Creators: name: Bud'ko, Sergey L.
name: Canfield, Paul C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Over the past 14 years MgB2 has gone from a startling discovery to a promising, applied superconductor. In this article we present a brief overview of the synthesis and the basic superconducting properties of this remarkable compound. In particular, the effects of pressure, substitutions and neutron irradiation on superconducting properties are discussed.
description: accepted for publication in Physica C, Special Issue on Superconducting Materials
MEGASTAR: The MEGARA-GTC stellar spectral library
Creators: name: Mollá, M.
name: García Vargas, M.L.
name: Millán Irigoyen, I.
name: Cardiel, N.
name: Carrasco Licea, E.
name: Gil de Paz, A.
name: Berlanas, S.R.
name: Gómez-Álvarez, P.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: We are observing a large sample of stars with MEGARA on GTC through a filler-type OpenTime program obtained in 7 semesters up to now. We summarize our advances done with MEGASTAR, the stellar spectral library we are observing with MEGARA at R=20000 in two setups HR-R around H$\alpha$ and HR-I around CaT. We described our project in García Vargas et al. (2020, MNRAS, 493, 871). We published our first data release in Carrasco et al. (2021, MNRAS, 501, 3568). In our third piece of work (Mollá et al. 2022, MNRAS, submitted) we have determined the stellar parameters (effective temperature, surface gravity and metallicity) of a subsample of the DR1 stars with spectral types later than B2, and we have measured some stellar indices, also giving the first set of {\sc MegaPopStar} evolutionary synthesis models. Next papers will be devoted to the second data release and to the physical parameters determination of the hot stars.
¿Cuántos bots se interesan por la Ciencia en Twitter?
Creators: name: Arroyo-Machado, Wenceslao
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Bots
Twitter
Altmetrics
Ciencia
Medios sociales
Comunicación científica

description: Presentación oral titulada '¿Cuántos bots se interesan por la Ciencia en Twitter?' realizada en las IV Congreso Nacional / VI Jornadas de Investigadores en Formación (doctorandos y doctorandas) celebradas en Granada (21-23 de junio de 2023) en la sesión 7B del 23 de junio de 2023.