cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Debye representation of dispersive focused waves
Creators: name: Zapata-Rodriguez, Carlos J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on a matrix-based diffraction integral that evaluates the focal field of any diffraction-limited axisymmetric complex system. This diffraction formula is a generalization of the Debye integral applied to apertured focused beams, which may be accommodated to broadband problems. Longitudinal chromatic aberration may limit the convenience of the Debye formulation and, additionally, spatial boundaries of validity around the focal point are provided. Fresnel number is reformulated in order to guarantee that the focal region is entirely into the region of validity of the Debye approximation when the Fresnel number of the focusing geometry largely exceeds unity. We have applied the matrix-based Debye integral to several examples. Concretely, we present an optical system for beam focusing with strong angular dispersion and free of longitudinal chromatic aberration. This simple formalism leaves an open door for analysis and design of focused beams with arbitrary angular dispersion. Our results are valid for ultrashort pulsed and polychromatic incoherent sources.
The Story of Hope
Creators: name: Lee, Thomas
Publisher: name: Consilience
Year: 2020

description: Afghanistan is back in the news. It is “the other war” that the presidential candidates mention in their debates. It is The Kite Runner. It is the 23 South Korean missionaries kidnapped near Kandahar by the Taliban. It is Osama Bin Laden and September 11. To us it could be all the above but, rarely, a quarter-century of living in consecutive wars, fear of violence, and devastated economy. That, to Afghans, is both the memory and reality of their homeland entering 2008. Arzu, meaning “Hope” in Dari, is a Chicago-based non-profit organization that has worked in Afghanistan since 2004 to help employ and educate women by sourcing and selling rugs woven by them. For illiterate, underprivileged Afghan women, weaving is often their only option to generate income in a culturally acceptable way. To date, Arzu has enrolled almost 700 women weavers, or 230 families, in Kabul, Bamyan and Andkhoi districts. In order to become an Arzu weaver, the women must sign a social contract agreeing to register their children in school and themselves in literacy classes. In return, Arzu provides the literacy programs, access to health care and pays weavers fair market value for their work as well as a 50% bonus at the completion of the rug. Profits from the rug sale in the United States cover the costs of Arzu’s operations and expand the project. Arzu’s work—blending private- and public- sector activities and empowering a targeted group of women in remote villages—has so far created a sustainable aid operation. Yet, Afghanistan still face the challenges of the resurgence of the Taliban, the detrimental effects of the opium-trade, and plight of returned refugees, with few resolutions in sight. The real story of hope can only be written by Afghanistan itself.
description: Consilience, No 1 (2009): Issue One: 2009
Electronic state of a doped Mott-Hubbard insulator at finite temperatures studied using the dynamical mean-field theory
Creators: name: Camjayi, A.
name: Chitra, R.
name: Rozenberg, M. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the electronic state of the doped Mott-Hubbard insulator within Dynamical Mean Field Theory. The evolution of the finite temperature spectral functions as a function of doping show large redistributions of spectral weight in both antiferromagnetic and paramagnetic phases. In particular, a metallic antiferromagnetic state is obtained with a low frequency Slater-splitted quasiparticle peak coexisting with Hubbard bands. In the high temperature paramagnetic metallic phase, upon reducing doping, the system has a crossover through a ``bad metal'' state characterized by an anomalous shift of the quasiparticle peak away from the Fermi energy. We find that the {\it charge} compressibility of the antiferromagnetic metal is dramatically enhanced upon approaching the second order Néel line.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Challenges to the Conservation of River Turtles (spp. Podocnemis) in the Peruvian Amazon
Creators: name: Laso, Francisco
Publisher: name: Consilience
Year: 2020

description: These images were captured during the summer of 2007 as part of an ongoing study that addresses habitat and community dynamics from broad to narrow ecological vantage points. Amazonian river turtles are ecologically important as they play an essential role in the seed dispersal of several fruit tree species in the flooded plain. These turtles also have religious, cultural, and economic significance for indigenous river communities. The endangered Amazonian river turtles Podocnemis expansa, P. unifilis, and P. sextuberculataare a local delicacy in Iquitos, Peru. Despite their importance and familiarity to people, we know very little about these species and commercial exploitation has decimated turtle populations outside natural reserves. Conservation of these species is aimed at the sustained wellbeing of the flooded forest ecosystem and its inhabitants. The hope is that future generations will inherit the success of our good stewardship rather than the failings of our negligence.
description: Consilience, No 2 (2009): Issue Two: 2009
Atom counting in ultra-cold gases using photoionisation and ion detection
Creators: name: Campey, T.
name: Vale, C. J.
name: Davis, M. J.
name: Kraft, S.
name: Zimmermann, C.
name: Fortágh, J.
name: Heckenberg, N. R.
name: Rubinsztein-Dunlop, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyse photoionisation and ion detection as a means of accurately counting ultra-cold atoms. We show that it is possible to count clouds containing many thousands of atoms with accuracies better than $N^{-1/2}$ with current technology. This allows the direct probing of sub-Poissonian number statistics of atomic samples. The scheme can also be used for efficient single atom detection with high spatio-temporal resolution. All aspects of a realistic detection scheme are considered, and we discuss experimental situations in which such a scheme could be implemented.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures
India, Water and Sustainable Development
Creators: name: Bachhuber, Daniel
Publisher: name: Consilience
Year: 2020

description: Author’s Note: India faces tremendous developmental challenges, both in water and other sectors, in the next couple of decades. My three-month journey in spring 2008 was, at its core, an exploration of the myriad of complexities to providing safe and sustainable water access. I hope the images will lend an insightful introduction to the challenges of the subcontinent and inspire a desire to learn more. Introduction: In February 2008, I took a break from academic studies for three months of real-life study: trying to understand India’s cultural, social and religious constraints to clean water access. The subcontinent has the second largest population in the world, and nearly a quarter of its peoples are lacking access to safe and reliable water. I set out to discover and document this issue. After landing in Delhi, I traveled to Kanpu, Allahabad and Varanasi, all sites along India’s most famous and-arguably-most toxic river because of heavy domestic and industrial pollution. From there, I went south to the Western Ghats and then northeast to the Kolwan Valley, where stories of complex political dynamics lived in every village. Traveling onward to Mumbai, it was a story of socio-economic inequalities. Finally I ended up in Rajasthan, where the biggest issue is also the most basic: there simply is not nearly enough water. Overall, the journey was an eye-opening exploration of India’s biggest challenge in the coming decade: clean and sustainable water access for all of its citizens. Works Cited: Gupta, Anurag, NGO employee. Interview by author. 4 April 2008. Joshi, Leena. Interview by author. 27 March 2008.
description: Consilience, No 2 (2009): Issue Two: 2009
Surface Spin-valve Effect
Creators: name: Yanson, I. K.
name: Naidyuk, Yu. G.
name: Fisun, V. V.
name: Konovalenko, A.
name: Balkashin, O. P.
name: Triputen, L. Yu.
name: Korenivski, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report an observation of spin-valve like hysteresis within a few atomic layers at a ferromagnetic interface. We use phonon spectroscopy of nanometer sized point contacts as an in-situ probe to study the mechanism of the effect. Distinct in energy phonon peaks for contacts with dissimilar nonmagnetic outer electrodes allow to localize the observed spin switching to the top or bottom interfaces for nanometer thin ferromagnetic layers. The mechanism consistent with our data is energetically distinct atomically thin surface spin layers that can form current or field driven surface spin-valves within a single ferromagnetic film.
description: 5 pages, 4 figs, to be published in Nano Letters
Helvetia labiata Gustavo R. S. Ruiz & Antonio D. Brescovit 2008, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Ruiz, Gustavo R. S.
name: Brescovit, Antonio D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Salticidae
Helvetia
Helvetia labiata

description: Helvetia labiata sp. nov. Figs 6-7 Type. Female holotype from Barragem Itaúba, Estrela Velha, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, 28.X.1999, A.H. Silva leg., deposited in MCN 31552. Etymology. The specific name is a Latin word meaning lipshaped and refers to the posterior part of the epigynum, with a “lip” formed by the posterior epigynal edge and by an anterior edge resulting from the medial junction of the copulatory openings. Diagnosis. This species seems to be closely related to H. semialba by having copulatory ducts with similar length and shape, but can be differentiated by the shorter copulatory ducts, seen ventrally through the translucent epigynal integument (Figs 6 and 7). Description. Female (holotype). Total length: 5.80. Carapace brown, 1.90 long, 1.15 wide, 0.60 high, with a narrow black stripe marginally and sparse white scales. Cephalic region black. Ocular quadrangle 0.90 long. Anterior eye row 0.95 wide and posterior 1.00 wide. Chelicera dark brown. Endite, labium and sternum brown. Palp yellow. Legs 4312 orange, Iwith brown stripes on metatarsus and tarsus. Length of femur: I 0.75, II 0.65, III 0.75, IV 1.10; patella + tibia: I 1.00, II 0.80, III 0.80, IV 1.25; metatarsus + tarsus: I 0.60, II 0.60, III 0.90, IV 1.00. Spination. Femur I, II, III, IV d1-1-1; tibia I v2, II v1 r, III v1 di, IV v2 di; metatarsus I, II v2-2, III, IV v0-3, p1di, r1di. Abdomen gray, with two longitudinal paramedian dark stripes extending to the posterior third, followed by transverse dark stripes; ventrally cream colored. Epigynum as in figures 6 and 7. Spinnerets dark gray. Male. Unknown. Additional material examined. None. Distribution. Known only from the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
description: Published as part of Gustavo R. S. Ruiz & Antonio D. Brescovit, 2008, Revision of Helvetia (Araneae: Salticidae: Heliophaninae), pp. 139-147 in Revista Brasileira de Zoologia 25 (1) on page 141, DOI: 10.1590/S0101-81752008000100018, http://zenodo.org/record/3678502
On deriving p-mode parameters for inclined solar-like stars
Creators: name: Ballot, J.
name: Appourchaux, T.
name: Toutain, T.
name: Guittet, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Thanks to their high quality, new and upcoming asteroseismic observations - with CoRoT, Kepler, and from the ground... - can benefit from the experience gained with helioseismology. We focus in this paper on solar-like oscillations, for which the inclination of the rotation axis is unknown. We present a theoretical study of the errors of p-mode parameters determined by means of a maximum-likelihood estimator, and we also analyze correlations and biases. We have used different, complementary approaches: we have performed either semi-analytical computation of the Hessian matrix, fitting of single mean profiles, or Monte Carlo simulations. We give first analytical approximations for the errors of frequency, inclination and rotational splitting. The determination of the inclination is very challenging for the common case of slow rotators (like the Sun), making difficult the determination of a reliable rotational splitting. Moreover, due to the numerous correlations, biases - more or less significant - can appear in the determination of various parameters in the case of bad inclination fittings, especially when a locking at 90 degrees occurs. This issue concerning inclination locking is also discussed. Nevertheless, the central frequency and some derived parameters such as the total power of the mode are free of such biases.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures, to appear in A&A
Additional file 1 of A report from the NIHR UK working group on remote trial delivery for the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond
Creators: name: Masoli, Jane A. H.
name: Down, Kim
name: Nestor, Gary
name: Hudson, Sharon
name: O’Brien, John T.
name: Williamson, James D.
name: Young, Carolyn A.
name: Carroll, Camille
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Surveys.
BKP plane partitions
Creators: name: Foda, O
name: Wheeler, M
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Using BKP neutral fermions, we derive a product expression for the generating function of volume-weighted plane partitions that satisfy two conditions. If we call a set of adjacent equal height-h columns, h > 0, an h-path, then 1. Every h-path can assume one of two possible colours. 2. There is a unique way to move along an h-path from any column to another.
EPOS Integrated Core Services Architecture Basics - TUTORIAL
Creators: name: Bailo, Daniele
name: Paciello, Rossana
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: FAIR
Research Infrastructure
Integrated Core Services
ICS
metadata
interoperability

description: The presentation outlines the basics of the EPOS Integrated Core Services Central hub, a system for integrate Data, Data Products, Software and Services provided by European data providers in the domain of Solid Earth Sciences. The main architecture is shown and the technological choices are presented and discussed.
description: {"references": ["Keith G Jeffery, Daniele Bailo, Kuvvet Atakan, Matt Harrison EPOS: European Plate Observing System.Proceedings GeoProcessing 2019 Athens 25-27 February 2019 ISSN: 2308-393X ISBN: 978-1-61208-687-3", "Keith G. Jeffery, Daniele Bailo, EPOS: Using Metadata in Geoscience, Metadata and Semantics Research Communications in Computer and Information Science Volume 478, 2014, pp 170-184, DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-13674-5_17"]}
Notes from the Millennium Villages Project
Creators: name: Bonds, Matt
name: Fraden, Max
Publisher: name: Consilience
Year: 2020

description: Matt Bonds and Max Fraden document their experience unrolling a health insurance subsidization scheme in the Millennium Village in Mayenge, Rwanda. The Millennium Villages Project aims to achieve the eight Millennium Development Goals. These goals outline a global partnership to reduce extreme poverty with specific focuses on hunger, education, gender equality, health, and environmental sustainability. Matt and Max comment on critical lessons learned and observations on the field of sustainable development from their work in Rwanda.
description: Consilience, No 1 (2009): Issue One: 2009
«METÀ DINOSAURO, METÀ INGEGNERE». GÜNTHER ANDERS LETTORE DI ERNST JÜNGER
Creators: name: LATINI, MICAELA
Publisher: name: Dipartimento di Scienze Umane, Università di Ferrara
Year: 2014
Subjects: Storia della filosofia; Filosofia contemporanea; Nichilismo; Günther Stern Anders; Ernst Jünger

description: I castelli di Yale online, volume II, numero 2, 2014
Sustainable Living and Mongolian Nomads: Is There Development?
Creators: name: Batkhishig, Dulguun
Publisher: name: Consilience
Year: 2020

description: Author’s Note: Though originally from Mongolia, I have lived and studied in London since 1997, but during this time, my connection with my homeland has motivated me to maintain a passion for its development. Consequently, I have studied Development and Economics at the University of London’s School of Oriental and African Studies. At the moment, I’m working for CAMDA, a UK charity that assists nomads in overcoming the difficult challenges they face, as well as Go Help UK, an organization with a strong presence in Mongolia fighting for child protection. Involvement with these groups has allowed me to take part in the arduous journey toward a developed Mongolia. I have plans to study further in the field of agricultural and sustainable development, and, as the processes of development are not uniform from place to place, I want to explore the unique way Mongolia can attain proper development.
description: Consilience, No 2 (2009): Issue Two: 2009
Material-independent crack arrest statistics: Application to indentation experiments
Creators: name: Charles, Yann
name: Hild, François
name: Roux, Stéphane
name: Vandembroucq, Damien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An extensive experimental study of indentation and crack arrest statistics is presented for four different brittle materials (alumina, silicon carbide, silicon nitride, glass). Evidence is given that the crack length statistics can be described by a universal (i.e. material independent) distribution. The latter directly derives from results obtained when modeling crack propagation as a depinning phenomenon. Crack arrest (or effective toughness) statistics appears to be fully characterized by two parameters, namely, an asymptotic crack length (or macroscopic toughness) value and a power law size dependent width. The experimental knowledge of the crack arrest statistics at one given scale thus gives access to its knowledge at all scales.
Nine Years after Fukushima, has Citizen Science come of age? From “Mainstreaming” to “Citizen Sciencization"
Creators: name: Van Oudheusden, Michiel
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Science and Technology
Radiation Monitoring
Governance
Radiological Protection
Citizen Science

description: In this presentation, I consider how in Japan and elsewhere, public authorities and scientific research communities respond to citizen-led, data-driven radiation monitoring practices. Using qualitative methods, I shed light on developing collaboration pathways between citizen scientists and formally-trained scientists working in radiological protection. I introduce the notion of 'citizen-sciencization' and juxtapose it with "mainstreaming" to theorize how these pathways take shape.
In India’s Sea of Darkness: An Unsustainable Island of Decentralized Energy Production
Creators: name: Singh, Kartikeya
Publisher: name: Consilience
Year: 2020

description: Approximately 500 million people in India’s countryside are still without access to electricity. The government has launched an ambitious project to electrify the entire nation by 2012. Unfortunately, the term “village electrification” defines electricity distribution for only 10% of households. An equally ambitious plan by the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy states a goal to electrify about 25,000 of the remotest villages in India. In these villages, it is inefficient to extend the grid with decentralized, renewable energy systems. The economic development of a large portion of India’s population depends on the success of decentralized energy distribution. This development will help provide the means to eradicate poverty. Ensuring the success of these systems requires a closer look at the rural energy ladder. One must go beyond just lighting in order to establish a paradigm for integrated sustainable energy independence for India’s rural villages. Whether India decides to power its villages through grid-fed coal power or through decentralized renewable energy systems, this decision has major implications for global climate change. This study assesses the benefits and drawbacks of one such distributive power system: solar home lighting.
description: Consilience, No 1 (2009): Issue One: 2009
Gate control of spin-layer-locking FETs and application to monolayer LuIO
Creators: name: Zhang, Rong
name: Marrazzo, Antimo
name: Verstraete, Matthieu
name: Marzari, Nicola
name: Sohier, Thibault
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A recent 2D spinFET concept proposes to switch electrostatically between two separate sublayers with strong and opposite intrinsic Rashba effects. This concept exploits the spin-layer locking mechanism present in centrosymmetric materials with local dipole fields, where a weak electric field can easily manipulate just one of the spin channels. Here, we propose a novel monolayer material within this family, lutetium oxide iodide (LuIO). It displays one of the largest Rashba effects among 2D materials (up to $k_R = 0.08$ Å$^{-1}$), leading to a $π/2$ rotation of the spins over just 1 nm. The monolayer had been predicted to be exfoliable from its experimentally-known 3D bulk counterpart, with a binding energy even lower than graphene. We characterize and model with first-principles simulations the interplay of the two gate-controlled parameters for such devices: doping and spin channel selection. We show that the ability to split the spin channels in energy diminishes with doping, leading to specific gate-operation guidelines that can apply to all devices based on spin-layer locking.
description: 11 pages, 9 figures
Automatic Bayesian inference for LISA data analysis strategies
Creators: name: Stroeer, Alexander
name: Gair, Jonathan
name: Vecchio, Alberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate the use of automatic Bayesian inference for the analysis of LISA data sets. In particular we describe a new automatic Reversible Jump Markov Chain Monte Carlo method to evaluate the posterior probability density functions of the a priori unknown number of parameters that describe the gravitational wave signals present in the data. We apply the algorithm to a simulated LISA data set containing overlapping signals from white dwarf binary systems (DWD) and to a separate data set containing a signal from an extreme mass ratio inspiral (EMRI). We demonstrate that the approach works well in both cases and can be regarded as a viable approach to tackle LISA data analysis challenges.
description: 8 pages, 2 sets of figures, submitted to the proceedings of the 6th LISA symposium
Safe Drinking Water in Kuna Yala: Field Notes from Panama
Creators: name: Halperin, Michael
Publisher: name: Consilience
Year: 2020

description: Starting in early 2003, Michael Halperin worked for two years as a Peace Corps volunteer in the indigenous Kuna island community of Ustupu, just off the Northeastern coast of Panama. His workfocusedontheissueofpotablewateranddiarrhealdisease. Thesefieldnotesfocusonthe implementation of sustainable technologies and practices for clean water. Emphasized is the importance of local knowledge, partnerships, and indigenous leadership. This story chronicles a two-year process of considering, rejecting, and finally developing the most workable solution for safe water: solar water purification. Unlike boiling and chlorination, this method was acceptable to the Kuna because it does not conflict with cultural practices on the island. It is likely that this method of water purification can be sustained over time.
description: Consilience, No 1 (2009): Issue One: 2009
Twisted Hochschild homology and MacLane homology
Creators: name: Pirashvili, Teimuraz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: K-Theory and Homology (math.KT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 16E40

description: We prove vanishing results for Hochschild and MacLane homologies.
Bereavement : the experience and coping skills of elderly spouses of deceased extended care unit residents
Creators: name: St-Martin, Lorraine
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: There is little research on the bereavement experience of elderly spouses, and the effects of long-term caregiving on bereavement. This study addresses the experience of bereavement of elderly spouses of Extended Care Unit residents; the coping skills they employ in the early months of bereavement; and the connections between coping and social supports. Interviews were held with 8 elderly male and female bereaved spouses between the ages of 70 and 85. The bereaved respondents were identified by the Social Work Department at several local Extended Care Units. All respondents were known to the social workers who contacted them to request participation in the study. Utilizing a grounded theory approach and qualitative methods, exploratory interviews were carried out in person with respondents. Recorded responses were transcribed and analysed. Content analysis was used to determine emergent themes and categories from the data. The respondents experienced anticipatory grief while their spouses were at the Extended Care Unit. They relied on their religious beliefs, previous activities and social supports during the bereavement period. The respondents desired to keep their spouses at home. Increased home services would have allowed them to do so. Bereavement follow-up and support are needed by this age group. Intervention appears to be as important before bereavement as it is afterwards.
Additional file 1 of Menstrual characteristics, menstrual anxiety and school attendance among adolescents in Uganda: a longitudinal study
Creators: name: Tanton, Clare
name: Nakuya, Kevin
name: Kansiime, Catherine
name: Hytti, Laura
name: Torondel, Belen
name: Francis, Suzanna C.
name: Namirembe, Prossy
name: Nakalema, Shamirah
name: Nalugya, Ruth
name: Musoke, Saidat Namuli
name: Neema, Stella
name: Ross, David A.
name: Bonell, Chris
name: Seeley, Janet
name: Weiss, Helen A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Measures used in the paper. A table of measures used in the paper
Social Responses to Environmental Degradation in Northwest Rural China
Creators: name: Leung, A.
name: O'Donnell, E.
name: Moore, S.
name: Travis, H.
Publisher: name: Consilience
Year: 2020

description: This article joins the debate over factors which affect sustainability in China’s rural areas at both the village and individual level. It assesses gender-based differences in response to environmental problems, effects of farmer innovation circles on village sustainability, and development of environmental consciousness. We find that both sexes have low environmental consciousness, but women are more likely to be environmentally aware. Despite an increase in labor from agriculture reforms, women’s status does not increase within the family, limiting their ability to act on their environmentalism. Education, income, and age are additional demographic factors related to environmental consciousness. Villagers feel the village is most responsible for environmental protection. The importance of governmental sources of agricultural information was highlighted, as was the impact increasing wealth has on environmental consciousness. In the future women must be vital participants in future sustainability programs, due to high incidence of male migrant city workers, and women’s deep connectedness and dependence on the land.
description: Consilience, No 2 (2009): Issue Two: 2009
Additional file 2 of Menstrual characteristics, menstrual anxiety and school attendance among adolescents in Uganda: a longitudinal study
Creators: name: Tanton, Clare
name: Nakuya, Kevin
name: Kansiime, Catherine
name: Hytti, Laura
name: Torondel, Belen
name: Francis, Suzanna C.
name: Namirembe, Prossy
name: Nakalema, Shamirah
name: Nalugya, Ruth
name: Musoke, Saidat Namuli
name: Neema, Stella
name: Ross, David A.
name: Bonell, Chris
name: Seeley, Janet
name: Weiss, Helen A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2. Daily diary. An image of the diary self-completed by participants
Jerky active matter: a phase field crystal model with translational and orientational memory
Creators: name: Vrugt, Michael te
name: Jeggle, Julian
name: Wittkowski, Raphael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Most field theories for active matter neglect effects of memory and inertia. However, recent experiments have found inertial delay to be important for the motion of self-propelled particles. A major challenge in the theoretical description of these effects, which makes the application of standard methods very difficult, is the fact that orientable particles have both translational and orientational degrees of freedom which do not necessarily relax on the same time scale. In this work, we derive the general mathematical form of a field theory for soft matter systems with two different time scales. This allows to obtain a phase field crystal model for polar (i.e., nonspherical or active) particles with translational and orientational memory. Notably, this theory is of third order in temporal derivatives and can thus be seen as a spatiotemporal jerky dynamics. We obtain the phase diagram of this model, which shows that, unlike in the passive case, the linear stability of the liquid state depends on the damping coefficients. Moreover, we investigate sound waves in active matter. It is found that, in active fluids, there are two different mechanisms for sound propagation. For certain parameter values and sufficiently high frequencies, sound mediated by polarization waves experiences less damping than usual passive sound mediated by pressure waves of the same frequency. By combining the different modes, acoustic frequency filters based on active fluids could be realized.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures
Second and higher-order perturbations of a spherical spacetime
Creators: name: Brizuela, David
name: Martin-Garcia, Jose M.
name: Marugan, Guillermo A. Mena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Gerlach and Sengupta (GS) formalism of coordinate-invariant, first-order, spherical and nonspherical perturbations around an arbitrary spherical spacetime is generalized to higher orders, focusing on second-order perturbation theory. The GS harmonics are generalized to an arbitrary number of indices on the unit sphere and a formula is given for their products. The formalism is optimized for its implementation in a computer algebra system, something that becomes essential in practice given the size and complexity of the equations. All evolution equations for the second-order perturbations, as well as the conservation equations for the energy-momentum tensor at this perturbation order, are given in covariant form, in Regge-Wheeler gauge.
description: Accepted for publication in Physical Review D
Additional file 1 of Eliciting health state utilities for Aromatic L-amino Acid Decarboxylase (AADC) deficiency: a UK vignette study
Creators: name: Smith, Adam B.
name: Hanbury, Andria
name: Buesch, Katharina
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Tables.
An Institutional Analysis of the Resource Curse in Africa: Lessons for Ghana
Creators: name: King, Richard
Publisher: name: Consilience
Year: 2020

description: The experience of oil producing countries in Africa has largely been a negative one, with development indicators suffering as a resource curse takes effect. This article examines the role that institutions will play in preventing Ghana from falling victim to the curse of oil following its discovery of off-shore oil in 2007. It draws upon the experiences of two other African nations with off-shore oil reserves, Angola and Gabon, to highlight the potential dangers that Ghana faces in managing its oil resources. The analysis is based around the role that oil can play in breaking down formal mechanisms for guaranteeing accountability between state and society and promoting instead discretionary forms of governance that operate along neo-patrimonial lines. The leading role that Ghana’s highly developed civil society must take in preventing this from happening is stressed. More broadly, the article seeks to understand the internal dynamics of resource management in African states, arguing that this should serve as the departure point for future interactions between resource-rich African countries and external forces. The article will conclude by emphasizing the importance of Ghana’s building upon its success as a model for democracy in Africa by also acting as a leader in resource management on the continent. Author’s Note: My interest in this topic follows from my interest in politics and development on the continent generally. This was really born during my trip to Tanzania in 2003 where I spent four months teaching prior to joining university. Since then I have returned to the continent a number of times, including a brief trip to Ghana in 2006 after doing some work in neighbouring Togo. The resource curse is an interesting topic for me because it draws on insights from many different disciplines including politics, economics and development. However it also relies on a firm understanding of contextual factors to account for the divergence in experiences between resource-rich countries and therefore, in the case of Ghana, relies heavily on an understanding of comparative African politics. Ghana’s prominence in both academia and the media as a leading light for democracy and good governance in Africa adds weight to this issue and there is a real sense that if Ghana cannot overcome these challenges then no country on the continent will be able to.
description: Consilience, No 2 (2009): Issue Two: 2009
Communicable Disease Surveillance and Response in Uganda
Creators: name: Cummings, Matthew
Publisher: name: Consilience
Year: 2020

description: While outbreaks of communicable diseases have long presented an ongoing challenge in the developing world, within recent years the frequency of such outbreaks has risen sharply. Accordingly, it is clear that strong epidemiological surveillance and response is needed to improve the health of disadvantaged populations in developing nations such as Uganda. Such populations face the greatest threat from communicable diseases and are more likely to fall victim to illness due to their poverty. In Uganda, the implementation of Village Health Teams (VHTs) has laid the groundwork for establishing community-based surveillance and response systems that can provide early notification of outbreaks and prevent the unnecessary suffering that accompanies unrecognized epidemics. Local response programs can also help to identify opportunities for the implementation of sustainable preventive measures and health education activities that will be able to improve the overall welfare of those living in settings of poverty.
description: Consilience, No 2 (2009): Issue Two: 2009
Situating Local Knowledge Within Development Agenda: Some Reflections
Creators: name: Dare, Kolawole
Publisher: name: Consilience
Year: 2020

description: The paper endeavors to personify development and shows the multi-dimensionality of the concept. It argues against the power relations influencing knowledge production while attempting to shed light on what knowledge is all about. It provides a range of definitions of local knowledge (LK), presents its stages of production and expressly buttresses the importance of LK in the agenda-setting for development initiatives. The paper also argues that the framing and labeling of LK and its custodians by outsider-professionals in connivance with their insider-expert colleagues have been one of the challenges to placing a premium on local knowledge within the development agenda. While emphasizing the need for stakeholders’ partnership to enable working towards congruence in the midst of chaos and order, the paper calls for a more eclectic approach and reflexivity amongst development experts when drawing the agenda for development programs. It also advocates for the codification and teaching of local knowledge in Universities and Colleges.
description: Consilience, No 2 (2009): Issue Two: 2009
Helvetia semialba Gustavo R. S. Ruiz & Antonio D. Brescovit 2008, comb. nov.
Creators: name: Ruiz, Gustavo R. S.
name: Brescovit, Antonio D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Salticidae
Helvetia
Helvetia semialba

description: Helvetia semialba (Simon, 1901) comb. nov. Figs 8-10 Deloripa semialba Simon, 1901b: 157 (female holotype from Serra do Caraça, Catas Altas, Minas Gerais, Brazil, Gounelle leg., deposited in MNHN 7735, examined); Galiano, 1963a: 342, pl. XVIII, fig. 8; Platnick, 2007. Diagnosis. This species is similar to H. labiata by having copulatory ducts with similar length and shape, but can be distinguished by the longer copulatory ducts seen in ventral view, overlaying medially (Figs 9 and 10). Description. Female. Described by GALIANO (1963a: 342, under Deloripa semialba). Male. Unknown. Additional material examined. None. Distribution. Known only from Minas Gerais, Brazil.
description: Published as part of Gustavo R. S. Ruiz & Antonio D. Brescovit, 2008, Revision of Helvetia (Araneae: Salticidae: Heliophaninae), pp. 139-147 in Revista Brasileira de Zoologia 25 (1) on page 142, DOI: 10.1590/S0101-81752008000100018, http://zenodo.org/record/3678502
description: {"references": ["SIMON, E. 1901 a. Histoire naturelle des araignees. Paris, vol. 2, p. 381 - 668.", "SIMON, E. 1901 b. Descriptions d'arachnides nouveaux de la famille des Attidae (suite). Annales de la Societe Entomologique de Belgique 45: 141 - 161.", "GALIANO, M. E. 1963 a. Las especies americanas de aranas de la familia Salticidae descriptas por Eugene Simon: Redescripciones basadas en los ejemplares tipicos. Physis Buenos Aires (C) 23: 273 - 470.", "PLATNICK, N. I. 2007. The world spider catalog. Version 7.5. American Museum of Natural History, Electronic Database available at http: // research. amnh. org / entomology / spiders / catalog / index. html"]}
Enhanced transport of ions by tuning surface properties of the nanochannel
Creators: name: Vinogradova, Olga I.
name: Silkina, Elena F.
name: Asmolov, Evgeny S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit the theory of ion transport in parallel-plate channels and also discuss how the wettability of a solid and the mobility of adsorbed surface charges impact the transport of ions. It is shown that depending on the ratio of the electrostatic disjoining pressure to the excess osmotic pressure at the walls two different regimes occur. In the thick channel regime this ratio is small and the channel effectively behaves as thick, even when the diffuse layers strongly overlap. The latter is possible for highly charged channels only. In the thin channel regime the disjoining pressure is comparable to the excess osmotic pressure at the wall, which implies relatively weakly charged walls. We derive simple expressions for the mean conductivity of the channel in these two regimes, highlighting the role of electrostatic and electro-hydrodynamic boundary conditions. Our theory provides a simple explanation of the high conductivity observed experimentally in hydrophilic channels, and allows one to obtain rigorous bounds on its attainable value and scaling with salt concentration. Our results also show that further dramatic amplification of conductivity is possible if hydrophobic slip is involved, but only in the thick channel regime provided the walls are sufficiently highly charged and the most of adsorbed charges are immobile. However, for weakly charged surfaces the massive conductivity amplification due to hydrodynamic slip is impossible in both regimes. Interestingly, in this case the moderate slip-driven contribution to conductivity can monotonously decrease with the fraction of immobile adsorbed charges. These results provide a framework for tuning the conductivity of nanochannels by adjusting their surface properties and bulk electrolyte concentrations.
Evaluation of the NZAID Project
Creators: name: Freeman, Scarlet Lopez
name: Lee, Seung Bok
name: Ngo, Katrina
name: Vasudevan, Veena
name: Wu, Diana
Publisher: name: Consilience
Year: 2020

description: Evaluation of “Institutionalizing Community–Based Integrated Watershed Management within Local Government Units in the Bicol Region, Philippines: Scaling Up and Sustaining Capacity–Building Outcomes at Local Level” for the IIRR BICOL Program
description: Consilience, No 2 (2009): Issue Two: 2009
Additional file 1 of CASP5 and CR1 as potential biomarkers for Kawasaki disease: an Integrated Bioinformatics-Experimental Study
Creators: name: Rahmati, Yazdan
name: Mollanoori, Hasan
name: Najafi, Sajad
name: Esmaeili, Sajjad
name: Alivand, Mohammad Reza
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1.
Additional file 1 of The effectiveness of a model-based health education program on genital warts preventive behaviors: a quasi-experimental study
Creators: name: Hosseini, Zahra
name: Seyrafi, Niloofar
name: Aghamolaei, Teamur
name: Mohseni, Shokrollah
name: Alavi, Azin
name: Dadipoor, Sakineh
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. The Educational Intervention Content.
A new chemodynamical tool to study the evolution of galaxies in the local Universe
Creators: name: Champavert, Nicolas
name: Wozniak, Hervé
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present some preliminary results obtained with a new galactic chemodynamical tool under development. In the framework of non-instantaneous recycling approach, we follow the interactions due to star formation and feedback processes. One of the main original features of our code is that we record the abundance evolution of several chemical elements. This allows us to build cooling functions dependent on the real abundances of individual elements. We illustrate the need for such metal-dependent cooling functions using a toy model made of a star cluster embedded in a two-phase gas cloud. Our results suggest that computing cooling rates according to individual abundances of chemical elements can influence the star formation rate.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, to appear in the proceedings of the CRAL-Conference Series I "Chemodynamics: from first stars to local galaxies", Lyon 10-14 July 2006, France, Eds. Emsellem, Wozniak, Massacrier, Gonzalez, Devriendt, Champavert, EAS Publications Series
Magnetic Hydrogen Atmosphere Models and the Neutron Star RX J1856.5-3754
Creators: name: Ho, Wynn C. G.
name: Kaplan, David L.
name: Chang, Philip
name: van Adelsberg, Matthew
name: Potekhin, Alexander Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: RX J1856.5-3754 is one of the brightest nearby isolated neutron stars, and considerable observational resources have been devoted to it. However, current models are unable to satisfactorily explain the data. We show that our latest models of a thin, magnetic, partially ionized hydrogen atmosphere on top of a condensed surface can fit the entire spectrum, from X-rays to optical, of RX J1856.5-3754, within the uncertainties. In our simplest model, the best-fit parameters are an interstellar column density N_H \approx 1x10^20 cm^-2 and an emitting area with R^infty \approx 17 km (assuming a distance to RX J1856.5-3754 of 140 pc), temperature T^infty \approx 4.3x10^5 K, gravitational redshift z_g \sim 0.22, atmospheric hydrogen column y_H \approx 1 g cm^-2, and magnetic field B \approx (3-4)x10^12 G; the values for the temperature and magnetic field indicate an effective average over the surface. We also calculate a more realistic model, which accounts for magnetic field and temperature variations over the neutron star surface as well as general relativistic effects, to determine pulsations; we find there exist viewing geometries that produce pulsations near the currently observed limits. The origin of the thin atmospheres required to fit the data is an important question, and we briefly discuss mechanisms for producing these atmospheres. Our model thus represents the most self-consistent picture to date for explaining all the observations of RX J1856.5-3754.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures; MNRAS, accepted
ความสามารถในการดูดซับไอระเหยโทลูอีน ของถ่านจากกระบวนการไพโรไลซิสยางรถยนต์
Creators: name: เกียรติศักดิ์ สมสัย
Publisher: name: มหาวิทยาลัยมหาสารคาม
Year: 2556
Subjects: ไพโรไลซิส, การดูดซับ, โทลูอีน, ยางรถยนต์, มลพิษอากาศ

description: ฉบับพิเศษ, วารสารวิทยาศาสตร์และเทคโนโลยี มหาวิทยาลัยมหาสารคาม