cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Primary injury prevention policies and mortality from motor vehicle crashes among children and adolescents in the United States: From safety behaviors to healthy environments
Creators: name: Pinet-Peralta, Luis Mauricio
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2010
Subjects: Child Injury
Injury Control
Injury Legislation
Injury Mortality
Motor Vehicle Crashes
Primary Prevention

description: Abstract Introduction & Objective. Unintentional injuries from motor-vehicle crashes are the leading cause of death among children ages one to 19. On average, 4,500 children die every year from motor-vehicle crashes in the U.S., with total lifetime injury costs estimated at more than $40,000 and $240 billion in productivity losses. The majority of deaths and injuries are associated with improper use of restraint devices and alcohol, high speeds, and built environments that promote vehicle performance. The objective of this research is to evaluate the effects that primary prevention policies have had on reducing mortality from motor-vehicle crashes among children and adolescents in the U.S. Methodology. Retrospective study using panel data from 1997 to 2005 from all 50 states and the District of Columbia. Data sources included the Fatality Analysis Reporting System, the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety, the US Census Bureau, the Atlas of Presidential Elections and the US Bureau of Labor Statistics. I used conditional fixed effects negative binomial regression to analyze the effect of the covariates on mortality by state and year. Results. The analysis included a total of 32,893 child fatalities from MVCs. States that allowed fines greater than $50 for lack of restraint use experienced significant reductions in mortality as well as states with laws allowing the use of red light cameras. Graduate licensing programs requiring a minimum age of 16 for the intermediate-level experienced mortality reductions as much as 90 percent compared with a minimum age of 14. Rural local and urban roads also showed important effects in mortality from MVCs compared with rural arterial roads. Higher posted speeds on local roads were associated with reductions of up to 87 percent compared with lower speeds. Conclusion. This research focuses on the effects that laws have on mortality, but not on how effectively these laws are implemented and/or enforced. This is an important limitation, since the existence of a law says nothing about how effectively the law is implemented and, more importantly, how effectively the law is enforced. Results may be useful to policy-makers and public health practitioners involved in injury prevention and public health.
Are extreme AGB stars post-common envelope binaries?
Creators: name: Dell'Agli, F.
name: Marini, E.
name: D'Antona, F.
name: Ventura, P.
name: Groenewegen, M. A. T.
name: Mattsson, L.
name: Kamath, D.
name: García-Hernández, D. A.
name: Tailo, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Modelling dust formation in single stars evolving through the carbon-star stage of the asymptotic giant branch (AGB) reproduces well the mid-infrared colours and magnitudes of most of the C-rich sources in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC), apart from a small subset of extremely red objects (EROs). The analysis of EROs spectral energy distribution suggests the presence of large quantities of dust, which demand gas densities in the outflow significantly higher than expected from theoretical modelling. We propose that binary interaction mechanisms that involve common envelope (CE) evolution could be a possible explanation for these peculiar stars; the CE phase is favoured by the rapid growth of the stellar radius occurring after C$/$O overcomes unity. Our modelling of the dust provides results consistent with the observations for mass-loss rates $\dot M \sim 5\times 10^{-4}~\dot M/$yr, a lower limit to the rapid loss of the envelope experienced in the CE phase. We propose that EROs could possibly hide binaries of orbital periods $\sim$days and are likely to be responsible for a large fraction of the dust production rate in galaxies.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS Letter
Freedom of the Press and National Security in Four Wars: World War I, World War II, the Vietnam War, and the War on Terrorism
Creators: name: Smyth, Daniel Joseph
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2007
Subjects: press
freedom
national security
war
wartime
censorship
Political Science, General (0615)
History, United States (0337)

description: This thesis evaluates the freedom of the U.S. press in World War I, World War II, the Vietnam War, and the first years of the War on Terrorism and examines how the press, in these wars, balanced its duty to report the news with protecting national security.  This thesis conducted a qualitative synthesis of primary and secondary sources dealing with the U.S. press in wartime.  Most primary documents were from the National Archives in College Park, Maryland, or the U.S. Army Center of Military History.  The government and military controlled the press in the wars by, among other ways, conducting censorship, passing laws against sedition, and blocking press access to cover war operations.  Nevertheless, in each subsequent war the press generally became freer from governmental and military control.  In each war, most members of the press agreed to rules of voluntary censorship to protect security.  Still, there were multiple times when members of the press reported information that could have been dangerous.  The rules varied throughout the years but primarily protected members of the military because they have been in direct danger (e.g. a rule banned mentioning troop movements).  However, in World War I and World War II some rules protected U.S. civilians because of the threat of attacks by enemies on the homeland (e.g. a rule banned mentioning the location of bomb shelters).  In the War on Terrorism, no rules have protected civilians, but the government should devise such rules because terrorists pose a direct danger to civilians.
Natural Resource Damage Restoration in the Upper Clark Fork Basin, Montana: A Policy Perspective
Creators: name: Isokait, Douglas Neil
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2010
Subjects: CERCLA
damages
Montana
natural
resource

description: The Clark Fork begins its 360 mile journey to the Columbia River as Silver Bow Creek near Butte, Montana. In the 1860s gold was discovered in the Silver Bow and its tributaries. By 1900 the region's numerous mining operations were consolidated by the Anaconda Copper Mining Company. In the 1960s Silver Bow Creek was an industrial ditch, and much of the surrounding landscape poisoned. Under 1980's Comprehensive Environmental Response Compensation and Liability Act (CERCLA or Superfund) natural resource trustees can sue polluters to restore damaged natural resources, and seek compensation for the lost and diminished services they provide. The Anaconda Company was bought by the Atlantic Richfield Company in 1977. In 1983 Montana's trustee, the state's governor, sued ARCO under the natural resource damage provisions of CERCLA. This dissertation is a policy history of the litigation and restoration that followed. Several conclusions are reached. First, much of Montana's environmental policy evolved since the 1960s when its legislature passed environmental laws emulating their federal counterparts. Another finding is how damages were perceived. Many in the traditional mining cities of Butte and Anaconda did not think that the damages were significant. In 1981 arsenic was found in Missoula area wells a hundred miles downstream on the Clark Fork. Thus it was the citizens of Missoula that prompted official investigations. Also examined was the state's natural resource damage restoration program. It encourages a post-mining regionalism, funding restoration projects that see natural resources as cultural amenities, and fosters a sense of the future. The program also promotes the integration of the region's restoration economy. Finally, this research presents a case, not documented elsewhere, suggesting that the two components of environmental management envisioned by CERCLA, remediation and restoration, may not coexist as peacefully as federal policymakers envisioned. This points to the need for unified strategy to better manage remediation and restoration as one activity.
Wrogemann, Henning: Theologie Interreligiöser Beziehungen
Creators: name: Klaiber, Walter
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 66 Nr. 4 (2017): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 66, Heft 4
The Performance of CRTNT Fluorescence Light Detector for Sub-EeV Cosmic Ray Observation
Creators: name: Bai, Y.
name: Xiao, G.
name: Cao, Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cosmic Ray Tau Neutrino Telescopes (CRTNT) using for sub-EeV cosmic ray measurement is discussed. Performances of a stereoscope configuration with a tower of those telescopes plus two side-triggers are studied. This is done by using a detailed detector simulation driven by Corsika. Detector aperture as a function of shower energy above 10^17 eV is calculated. Event rate of about 20k per year for the second knee measurement is estimated. Event rate for cross calibration with detectors working on higher energy range is also estimated. Different configurations of the detectors are tried for optimization.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, submitted to HEP & NP
An updated detailed characterization of planes of satellites in the MW and M31
Creators: name: Santos-Santos, Isabel
name: Dominguez-Tenreiro, Rosa
name: Pawlowski, Marcel S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a detailed characterization of planes of satellite galaxies in the Milky Way (MW) and M31. For a positional analysis, we introduce an extension to the `4-galaxy-normal density plot' method \citep[][P13]{Pawlowski13}. It finds the normal directions to the predominant planar configurations of satellites of a system, yielding for each a \textit{collection} of planes of increasing member satellites. This allows to quantify the quality of planes in terms of population ($N_{\rm sat}$) and spatial flattening ($c/a$). We apply this method to the latest data for confirmed MW and M31 satellite samples, with 46 and 34 satellites, respectively. New MW satellites form part of planes previously identified from the sample with $N_{\rm sat}=27$ studied in P13: we identify a new plane with $N_{\rm sat}=39$ as thin as the VPOS-3 ($c/a\sim 0.2$), and with roughly the same normal direction; so far the most populated plane that thin reported in the Local Group. We introduce a new method to determine, using kinematic data, the axis of maximum co-orbitation of MW satellites. Interestingly, this axis approximately coincides with the normal to the former plane: $\geq45\pm5\%$ of satellites co-orbit. In M31 we discover a plane with $N_{\rm sat}=18$ and $c/a\sim0.15$, i.e., quality comparable to the GPoA, and perpendicular to it. This structure is viewed face-on from the Sun making it susceptible to M31 satellite distance uncertainties. An estimation of the perpendicular velocity dispersion suggests it is dynamically unstable. Finally we find that mass is not a property determining a satellite's membership to good quality planes.
description: 20 pages. 13 figures. 5 tables. Accepted for publication in MNRAS. Supercedes arXiv:1908.02298. Please cite the NEW version. This updated and extended version of the paper considers up-to-date samples of confirmed MW and M31 satellite galaxies and studies the co-orbitation of MW satellites
Ornate necklaces and the homology of the genus one mapping class group
Creators: name: Conant, James
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 17B40, 17B56, 32G15

description: According to seminal work of Kontsevich, the unstable homology of the mapping class group of a surface can be computed via the homology of a certain lie algebra. In a recent paper, S. Morita analyzed the abelianization of this lie algebra, thereby constructing a series of candidates for unstable classes in the homology of the mapping class group. In the current paper, we show that these cycles are all nontrivial, representing degree 4k+1 homology classes in the homology of the mapping class group of a genus one surface with 4k+1 punctures.
Living in the ED: The Impact of Homelessness on the Frequent Use of Emergency Departments in Baltimore City
Creators: name: Dipietro, Barbara Yarnell
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2008
Subjects: Health Sciences, Public Health (0573)
Health Sciences, Health Care Management (0769)
emergency department
homeless
frequent use

description: There is a subset of patients who visit the emergency department (ED) frequently, and this group is responsible for a disproportionate number of total visits, thereby potentially contributing to overuse of the ED. Anecdotal belief among clinicians holds that those who are ""frequent users"" of the ED are likely to be homeless. While many studies have been conducted examining the problem of frequent ED use and other studies have documented the health and service utilization of individuals experiencing homelessness, there is little information about the direct connection between these two populations.Using a retrospective administrative record review of three EDs in Baltimore City in combination with administrative data from homeless service providers, this research study examines the proportion of homelessness among frequent users, and documents how patient and visit characteristics differ between homeless and non homeless frequent users. This study found that homeless patients were not the majority of frequent users, but did have significant differences in ED utilization compared to their non-homeless counterparts. As frequency of visits increases, however, so too does the proportion of homelessness. Understanding the specific characteristics and utilization patterns of frequent users will help policy makers and hospital administrators determine how to more effectively treat this population.
Angstrom-wide conductive channels in black phosphorus by Cu intercalation
Creators: name: Lee, Suk Woo
name: Qiu, Lu
name: Yoon, Jong Chan
name: Kim, Yohan
name: Li, Da
name: Oh, Inseon
name: Lee, Gil-Ho
name: Yoo, Jung-Woo
name: Shin, Hyung-Joon
name: Ding, Feng
name: Lee, Zonghoon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Intercalation is an effective method to improve and modulate properties of two-dimensional materials. Even so, spatially controlled intercalation at atomic scale, which is important to introduce and modulated properties, has not been successful due to difficulties in controlling the diffusion of intercalants. Here, we show formation of angstrom-wide conductive channels (~4.3 A) in black phosphorus by Cu intercalation. The atomic structure, resultant microstructural effects, intercalation mechanism, and local variations of electronic properties modulated in black phosphorus by Cu intercalation were investigated extensively by transmission electron microscopy including in situ observation, DFT calculation, and conductive atomic force microscopy.
Knowledge of HIV/AIDS and HIV Voluntary Counseling and Testing: What's their Influence on Risky Sexual Behavior in Kenya?
Creators: name: Kimani, James
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 1905
Subjects: Political Science, General (0615)

description: Objective: As the cure for HIV/AIDS continues to be elusive, and as the pandemic continues to have a negative socio-economic impact on many countries around the globe (particularly in sub-Saharan Africa), the best strategy to curtail the spread of the disease is to ramp up prevention efforts. More importantly, research has shown that in sub-Saharan, new cases of HIV infections are outpacing the prevention and treatment efforts. The aim of this research study was to determine what impact knowledge about HIV/AIDS and HIV testing and counseling have on risky sexual behavior in Kenya. ; Method: The data source for this study was the 2003 Kenya Demographic and Health Survey (KDHS, 2003). The total sample was 11,773 (the women's sample size was 8,195 and the men's was 3,578). Descriptive statistics were used to describe the sample. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to determine what impact knowledge about HIV/AIDS and HIV testing and counseling have on risky sexual behavior. Findings: The findings demonstrated that knowledge of HIV/AIDS; specifically - correct information of how to avoid getting HIV/AIDS - was consistently significantly associated with less likelihood of engaging in unprotected sex and having multiple sex partners. However, for correct information of how HIV is transmitted, the findings were more mixed. That is, respondents with correct information on how HIV is transmitted were less likely not to use condoms; however, they were more likely to have multiple sex partners. With regard to HIV testing, respondents who were tested were significantly less likely to engage in casual sex and have a sexually transmitted infection. In terms of gender, as compared to men, women were significantly more likely not to use condoms. Moreover, alcohol consumption, exchanging sex for money or gifts, negative attitudes toward women, gender-based violence, and negative attitudes toward condoms were significantly associated with risky sexual behavior. Policy Implications: There is need for existing HIV prevention initiatives to effectively address factors such as multiple sex partnering, alcohol consumption, negative attitudes toward women, gender-based violence, and negative attitudes toward condoms, which are bound to undermine the fight against HIV/AIDS.
On the symmetries of special holonomy sigma models
Creators: name: Howe, P. S.
name: Stojevic, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In addition to superconformal symmetry, (1,1) supersymmetric two-dimensional sigma models on special holonomy manifolds have extra symmetries that are in one-to-one correspondence with the covariantly constant forms on these manifolds. The superconformal algebras extended by these symmetries close as W-algebras, i.e. they have field-dependent structure functions. It is shown that it is not possible to write down cohomological equations for potential quantum anomalies when the structure functions are field-dependent. In order to do this it is necessary to linearise the algebras by treating composite currents as generators of additional symmetries. It is shown that all cases can be linearised in a finite number of steps, except for G_2 and SU(3). Additional problems in the quantisation procedure are briefly discussed.
description: 16 pages. Abstract improved and a few typographical errors corrected
Differential Bioavailability of Polychlorinated Biphenyls Associated with Anthropogenic and Natural Carbons
Creators: name: Beckingham, Barbara Austin
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2011
Subjects: activated carbon
bioavailability
in situ
polychlorinated biphenyls
sediment remediation
sorption

description: Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are a class of persistent, bioaccumulative and toxic legacy contaminants found widespread in the environment. Although PCBs were banned in the United States in 1976, reservoirs of PCB-impacted sediments continue to pose risks to ecological and human health today.  Sediments are heterogeneous mixtures of many different particle types, such as sand, clay, wood, detritus, coal, soot, and even plastic, and these different particles have varying capacity and affinity for sorbing hydrophobic organic contaminants which leads to PCBs being differentially bioavailable in different matrices.  The dominant role of condensed, black carbon particles, such as coal or activated carbon (AC), to strongly sorb PCBs and limit bioavailability, both via aqueous and digestive pathways of exposure, is demonstrated in this body of work using both direct and surrogate measures of bioavailability.   The primary objective of this research was to assess, in a 4-year long-term monitoring effort, the effectiveness of AC amendment in a freshwater river to reduce bioavailability of PCBs at the base of the aquatic food web, and to limit diffusive flux from sediments to the overlying water column.  After treatment with AC applied at a dose similar to the native organic carbon of sediment, bioaccumulation in freshwater oligochaete worms measured in both laboratory and field exposures was reduced by 62-99% and concentrations of PCBs in water at equilibrium with the sediment was reduced by >95% compared to measurements with unamended background sediments in each year.  Passive samplers showed that the chemical activities in pore waters of treated sediments were reduced in comparison to untreated sediments and the overlying water, indicating a lower potential for contaminant flux following AC amendment.  Furthermore, it was observed that AC aged in sediments for several years in the field was still capable of sorbing additional HOCs, although sorption was attenuated in comparison to fresh AC addition.  Overall, this research demonstrates that PCB exposure from moderately contaminated river sediments may be managed effectively through activated carbon amendment to sediments.
Institution-based Models of Assessment: Four Community College Case Studies
Creators: name: Ebersole, Tara Eisenhauer
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2008
Subjects: Education, Community College(0275)
Education, Tests and Measurements(0288)
assessment
postsecondary
accountability
outcomes
education
learning

description: Institutions of higher learning need to meet state level and accrediting agency mandates regarding student learning outcomes assessment. Accountability in postsecondary education is currently undergoing rapid change at all levels and using assessment is becoming a common means to reveal how well students are learning and progressing at an institution. Currently, each institution is allowed the freedom to develop its own unique assessment plans and policies. This was a multiple-case research involving four community colleges to examine the relationship between the assessment policies and the impact of the processes on student learning. The case studies involved collecting data from three sources, assessment documents from the four institutions, phone interviews with specific college employees, and phone interviews with external stakeholders who were knowledgeable about the administration and results of the colleges' assessment program. The data were analyzed in individual descriptive narratives for each institution and then within matrices for comparative analysis. The four institutions in this study were found to be exemplary in the engagement efforts, and energy expended in assessment of student learning outcomes. Each institution was found to provide resources, support, and leadership for their assessment programs. Course, program and institutional level assessment methods were similar across the institutions with greatest variability found primarily in the methods used to assess broad-based skills in the general education program. Within institution variability existed for the successful use and impact of assessment data for different disciplines. Overall, the evidence for improvement of student learning was limited to a few courses and programs at each institution. The reason for this is not yet known and requires further study. Total costs for the assessment programs were often shared among multiple areas within the institutions and most funding for assessment is derived from a reprioritization of existing internal budgets. The findings suggest that imposing new mandates with regards to assessment may be premature. Significantly more research should be conducted to determine the cost/benefit relationships of assessment on institutions and the most effective means of ensuring a positive impact of assessment on student learning..
Measurement Errors in Range-Based Localization Algorithms for UAVs: Analysis and Experimentation
Creators: name: Sorbelli, Francesco Betti
name: Pinotti, Cristina M.
name: Silvestri, Simone
name: Das, Sajal K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Localizing ground devices (GDs) is an important requirement for a wide variety of applications, such as infrastructure monitoring, precision agriculture, search and rescue operations, to name a few. To this end, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) or drones offer a promising technology due to their flexibility. However, the distance measurements performed using a drone, an integral part of a localization procedure, incur several errors that affect the localization accuracy. In this paper, we provide analytical expressions for the impact of different kinds of measurement errors on the ground distance between the UAV and GDs. We review three range-based and three range-free localization algorithms, identify their source of errors, and analytically derive the error bounds resulting from aggregating multiple inaccurate measurements. We then extend the range-free algorithms for improved accuracy. We validate our theoretical analysis and compare the observed localization error of the algorithms after collecting data from a testbed using ten GDs and one drone, equipped with ultra wide band (UWB) antennas and operating in an open field. Results show that our analysis closely matches with experimental localization errors. Moreover, compared to their original counterparts, the extended range-free algorithms significantly improve the accuracy.
The origin of the elements and other implications of gravitational wave detection for nuclear physics
Creators: name: Lunney, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The neutron-star collision revealed by the event GW170817 gave us a first glimpse of a possible birthplace of most of our heavy elements. The multi-messenger nature of this historical event combined gravitational waves, a gamma-ray burst and optical astronomy of a ``kilonova'', bringing the first observations of rapid neutron capture (r process) nucleosynthesis after 60 years of speculation. Modeling the r process requires a prodigious amount of nuclear-physics ingredients: practically all the quantum state and interaction properties of virtually all neutron-rich nuclides, many of which may never be produced in the laboratory! Another essential contribution of nuclear physics to neutron stars (and their eventual coalescence) is the equation of state (EoS) that defines their structure and composition. The EoS, combined with the knowledge of nuclear binding energies, determines the elemental profile of the outer crust of a neutron star and the relationship between its radius and mass. In addition, the EoS determines the form of the gravitational wave signal. This article combines a tutorial presentation and bibliography with recent results that link nuclear mass spectrometry to gravitational waves via neutron stars.
description: Invited tutorial/review paper for a Special Issue of 4Open-Sciences (EDP) on "Gravitational waves and the advent of multi-messenger astronomy," following a minisymposium bearing the same title, held during the 2019 National Conference of the SFP (Soci\'et\'e Fran\c{c}aise de Physique) in Nantes, France (14 pages, 3 figures)
Spinor-vector supersymmetry algebra in three dimensions
Creators: name: Shima, Kazunari
name: Tsuda, Motomu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We focus on a spin-3/2 supersymmetry (SUSY) algebra of Baaklini in D = 3 and explicitly show a nonlinear realization of the SUSY algebra. The unitary representation of the spin-3/2 SUSY algebra is discussed and compared with the ordinary (spin-1/2) SUSY algebra.
description: 7 pages, Latex
Innovation Diffusion: An Event History Analysis of States Adoption of the 1915(c) Waiver for People Living with HIV/AIDS
Creators: name: Nelson, Bakeyah
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2008
Subjects: public policy
HIV/AIDS
Political Science, General (0615)

description: Long-term care services continue to play an integral role in the lives of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) despite the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART).  The Medicaid 1915(c) waiver is one option available to states which enables them to expand the availability of home and community-based services (HCBS) to communities of people with disabilities who would otherwise be placed in institutions (e.g., nursing facilities, long term care hospitals), including PLWHA.  Few states have pursued this option for PLHWA whereas all states have implemented this waiver for older adults and other communities of people with disabilities.   The purpose of the research study was to identify factors that influence a state's likelihood of adopting the 1915(c) waiver for PLWHA.  ; The theoretical framework that guided the research was the Unified Model of Policy Adoption (Berry and Berry, 1990).  An Extended Cox Proportional Hazards Model with Time-Varying Covariates was used to identify state-level characteristics that increase the risk of a state adopting the 1915(c) waiver for PLWHA.  Additionally, interviews were conducted with several state Medicaid representatives for supplemental data in Ohio, Washington, Alabama, and Illinois.  ; One of the findings was that the influence of states' ""neighbors"" was not constant.  Those who adopted the waiver early on were influenced by the behavior of neighboring states whereas later adopters were not.  The AIDS cumulative rate in the state positively influenced its likelihood of adoption.  Other variables which positively influenced a state's likelihood of adoption included the Federal Medicaid matching rate, presence of a Democratic governor, and the number of residential care beds per capita in the state.  ; The policy implications of the study include, a) a state's capacity to provide long-term care services in the community is critical to their adoption of the waiver, therefore states could move toward expanding their HCBS infrastructure, b)  the amount of monetary contribution from the Federal government significantly influences states' likelihood of adoption and therefore, the Federal government could consider increasing its financial support of the 1915(c) waiver for PLWHA, and c)  since the presence of a Democratic governor  positively influences states' adoption of the waiver, governors could seek out forums to discuss the availability of the waiver for this population and its potential benefits to PLWHA as well as for states.
Allocating Opportunities in a Dynamic Model of Intergenerational Mobility
Creators: name: Heidari, Hoda
name: Kleinberg, Jon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Opportunities such as higher education can promote intergenerational mobility, leading individuals to achieve levels of socioeconomic status above that of their parents. We develop a dynamic model for allocating such opportunities in a society that exhibits bottlenecks in mobility; the problem of optimal allocation reflects a trade-off between the benefits conferred by the opportunities in the current generation and the potential to elevate the socioeconomic status of recipients, shaping the composition of future generations in ways that can benefit further from the opportunities. We show how optimal allocations in our model arise as solutions to continuous optimization problems over multiple generations, and we find in general that these optimal solutions can favor recipients of low socioeconomic status over slightly higher-performing individuals of high socioeconomic status -- a form of socioeconomic affirmative action that the society in our model discovers in the pursuit of purely payoff-maximizing goals. We characterize how the structure of the model can lead to either temporary or persistent affirmative action, and we consider extensions of the model with more complex processes modulating the movement between different levels of socioeconomic status.
Anisotropic kappa distributions I: Formulation based on particle correlations
Creators: name: Livadiotis, George
name: Nicolaou, George
name: Allegrini, Frederic
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop the theoretical basis for the connection of the variety of anisotropic distributions with the statistical correlations among particles velocity components. By examining the most common anisotropic distribution, we derive the correlation coefficient among particle energies, show how this correlation is connected to the effective dimensionality of the velocity distribution, and derive the connection between anisotropy and adiabatic polytropic index. Having established the importance of correlation among particles in the formulation of anisotropic kappa distributions, we generalize these distributions within the framework of nonextensive statistical mechanics and based on the types of homogeneous or heterogeneous correlations among the particles velocity components. The formulation of the developed generalized distributions mediates the main two types of anisotropic kappa distributions, considering (a) equal correlations, or (b) zero correlations, among different velocity components. Finally, the developed anisotropic kappa distributions are expressed in terms of the energy and pitch angle in arbitrary reference frames.
description: 46 pages, 15 figures
COOPERATION BETWEEN THE NURSE AND THE PHARMACIST IN SUPPLYING MEDICATIONS TO THE HEALTH FACILITY
Creators: name: Omar.J.Alharbi, Safwan.H.Alsaedi, Hanan.A.Fallatah, Mohammed.B.Aljabri, Mohammed.A.Alhazmi, Shahad.M.Alhuthli, Thaeb.K.Alharbi, Abdulrhman.A.Almalki, Noorah.J.Alnadawi, Mohammed. H.Alhusayni, Bashayer.A.Almuwallad , Norah.M.Alharthy, Ahmad.S.Aljuaid
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: The study aimed to, find out what is, the relationship of the nurse and the role assigned to him in the matter of medicines, the relationship of the pharmacist in the matter of securing medicines for departments of the health facility, the extent of cooperation and coordination between the pharmacist and the various technical groups in the matter of medicines.. A questionnaire was created via the Google Drive program and distributed via social media (WhatsApp) to the targeted, who are health practitioners in Mecca, 750 questionnaires were distributed, and 700 responses were obtained from this questionnaire (residents of Mecca between 25-55 yeas).

Keywords: Cooperation between the nurse and the pharmacist, in supplying medications, health facility.
Modular Graph Forms and Scattering Amplitudes in String Theory
Creators: name: Gerken, Jan E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this thesis, we investigate the low-energy expansion of scattering amplitudes of closed strings at one-loop level (i.e. at genus one) in a ten-dimensional Minkowski background using a special class of functions called modular graph forms. These allow for a systematic evaluation of the low-energy expansion and satisfy many non-trivial algebraic and differential relations. We study these relations in detail, leading to basis decompositions for a large number of modular graph forms which greatly reduce the complexity of the expansions of the integrals appearing in the amplitude. One of the results of this thesis is a Mathematica package which automatizes these simplifications. We use these techniques to compute the leading low-energy orders of the scattering amplitude of four gluons in the heterotic string at one-loop level. Furthermore, we study a generating function which conjecturally contains the torus integrals of all perturbative closed-string theories. We write this generating function in terms of iterated integrals of holomorphic Eisenstein series and use this approach to arrive at a more rigorous characterization of the space of modular graph forms than was possible before. For tree-level string amplitudes, the single-valued map of multiple zeta values maps open-string amplitudes to closed-string amplitudes. The definition of a suitable one-loop generalization, a so-called elliptic single-valued map, is an active area of research and we provide a new perspective on this topic using our generating function of torus integrals. The original version of this thesis, as submitted in June 2020 to the Humboldt University Berlin, is available under the DOI 10.18452/21829. The present text contains minor updates compared to this version, reflecting further developments in the literature, in particular concerning the construction of an elliptic single-valued map.
description: PhD thesis, 372 pages, Humboldt University Berlin, contains arXiv:1809.05122, arXiv:1811.02548, arXiv:1911.03476, arXiv:2004.05156 and arXiv:2007.05476
Evidence for the Luttigger liquid density of states in transport across the incompressible stripe at fractional filling factors
Creators: name: Deviatov, E. V.
name: Kapustin, A. A.
name: Dolgopolov, V. T.
name: Lorke, A.
name: Reuter, D.
name: Wieck, A. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We experimentally investigate transport across the incompressible stripe at the sample edge in the fractional quantum Hall effect regime at bulk filling factors $ν=2/3$ and $ν=2/5$. We obtain the dependence of the equilibration length, that is a phenomenological characteristics of the transport, on the voltage imbalance and the temperature, at high voltage imbalances. These dependencies are found to be of the power-law form, which is a strong evidence for the Luttigger liquid density of states.
description: 4 pages, to appear in EPL
ANALYSIS OF THE PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PHYSIOLOGICAL IMAGE OF CHILD CHARACTERS IN THE DRAMAS OF MCDONAGH
Creators: name: Mavlyanova, Nigina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: The dramaturgy and plays of Martin McDonagh (McDonagh, Martin 1970) are considered a part of national Irish literature because the author himself is Irish. At the same time, the playwright's contribution to the development of English drama and English theater cannot be denied. McDonagh's plays are staged in many London theaters, are actively discussed by theater critics on the pages of English daily newspapers, and the author's plays are deeply studied by English literary critics. McDonagh's works continue and develop the trends of English drama, so in the 1990s and 2000s, the playwright works on the aesthetics of the theater of cruelty, for which the theme of children's problems, relationships with parents and the world of childhood is relevant (The Cripple of Inishmaan, 1996 and The Pillow man, 2003).
Dalferth, Ingolf U. (Hrsg.): Reformation und Säkularisierung : Zur Kontroverse um die Genese der Moderne aus dem Geist der Reformation
Creators: name: Jaspert, Bernd
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 66 Nr. 4 (2017): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 66, Heft 4
Proposition 8 Increased Homophobic Bullying in Schools without a Gay-Straight Alliance Club
Creators: name: Hatzenbuehler, Mark L.
name: Shen, Yishan
name: Vandewater, Elizabeth A.
name: Russell, Stephen T.
Publisher: name: University of Texas at Austin Population Research Center
Year: 2019
Subjects: Proposition 8
homophobic bullying
gay-straight alliance

description: This brief explores whether Proposition 8 (Prop 8), a November 2008 California voter referendum that restricted marriage to heterosexuals, was associated with an increase in homophobic bullying, or bullying related to actual or perceived sexual orientation, among California youth. Analyzing data from nearly 5 million California youth, PRC faculty research associate Stephen T. Russell and his colleagues find that homophobic bullying in California schools increased in the period leading up to the Prop 8 vote and declined in subsequent school years. No other forms of bullying (based on race/ethnicity, gender, or religion) showed a similar pattern. In addition, students at schools with gay-straight alliances did not report an increase in homophobic bullying, demonstrating a protective effect of GSAs.
BC moulding and architectural millwork : an analysis of the US market and emerging competitors
Creators: name: Tolnai, Stephen James
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: A competitor analysis of the BC coastal moulding producers has been undertaken. This analysis was accomplished by performing extensive market research on the producing regions and the products active in the North American moulding market. The geographic regions analyzed through an extensive literature review were the British Columbian coastal producers, the US market, Chile, and New Zealand. The various products and substrates discussed were MDF (Medium Density Fibreboard), composites (plastics), and solid wood. It is hoped that the information obtained in this analysis will form the basis for understanding the dynamics of the North American mouldings market, and present opportunities where BC coastal moulding producers may succeed. Results of this analysis clearly showed that in order to succeed in the attractive US mouldings market the BC coastal moulding industry must overcome a number of challenges. Production of mouldings in the US market is stagnant while the demand for moulded products is on the rise. The Chileans were the first to take advantage of the decreased amounts of Ponderosa pine available on the market in the late 80's, the species traditionally used for mouldings, and have continually been increasing the presence of clear, fast grown radiata pine (Pinus radiata) ever since. Other US domestic pines have also found the mouldings niche and are gaining market acceptance. MDF is also quickly gaining market share in paint grade mouldings. Composite mouldings are developing a small niche in outdoor applications and where mouldings must bend. All of these products, including BC softwood mouldings must compete in the developing US mouldings market. BC coastal producers have high production costs, difficulties accessing suitable softwood fibre, and in general are running old machinery. The advantage of being next door to the desired market is hampered by the US/Canada Countervail Duty which affects many producers. Some recommendations for overcoming these barriers are offered here. These recommendations generally take on the form of increased investment in technology, training, finding secure niche markets, and producing market driven products.
Letter from the District Manager of the Northern Electric and Manufacturing Company to Rainbow Ranche, June 16, 1910
Creators: name: District Manager, Northern Electric
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Letter to Rainbow Ranche from the District Manager of the Northern Electric and Manufacturing Company, dated June 16, 1910, regarding an answer to the Ranche's request for a bulletin entitled "how to build rural telephone lines.
title: USO DO MANDACARU (CEREUS JAMACARU) PARA O TRATAMENTO DE ÁGUA
title: TRATAMENTO DE ÁGUA
titleType: Subtitle
title: MANDACARU
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: NASCIMENTO, F. J. M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Resumo simples aceito e publicado no III Congresso Brasileiro de Ensino, Pesquisa e Extensão no ano vigente de 2024.
Dynamical localization of matter wave solitons in managed barrier potentials
Creators: name: Abdullaev, Fatkhulla Kh.
name: Garnier, Josselin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The bright matter wave soliton propagation through a barrier with a rapidly oscillating position is investigated. The averaged over rapid oscillations Gross-Pitaevskii (GP) equation is derived. It is shown that the soliton is dynamically trapped by the effective double-barrier. The analytical predictions for the soliton effective dynamics is confirmed by the numerical simulations of the full GP equation.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures
A Search for Fallback Disks in Four Young Supernova Remnants
Creators: name: Wang, Zhongxiang
name: Kaplan, David L.
name: Chakrabarty, Deepto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on our search for the optical/infrared counterparts to the central compact objects in four young supernova remnants: Pup A, PKS 1209-52, RCW 103, and Cas A. The X-ray point sources in these supernova remnants are excellent targets for probing the existence of supernova fallback disks, since irradiation of a disk by a central X-ray source should lead to an infrared excess. We used ground-based optical and near-infrared imaging and Spitzer Space Telescope mid-infrared imaging to search for optical/infrared counterparts at the X-ray point source positions measured by the Chandra X-Ray Observatory. We did not detect any counterparts, and hence find no evidence for fallback disks around any of these sources. In PKS 1209-52, we are able to exclude a nearby optical/infrared candidate counterpart. In RCW 103, a blend of 3 faint stars at the X-ray source position prevents us from deriving useful limits. For the other targets, the upper limits on the infrared/X-ray flux ratio are as deep as (1.0--1.7)$\times 10^{-4}$. Comparing these limits to the ratio of $\approx 6\times10^{-5}$ measured for 4U 0142+61 (a young pulsar recently found with an X-ray irradiated dust disk), we conclude that the non-detection of any disks around young neutron stars studied here are consistent with their relatively low X-ray luminosities, although we note that a similar dust disk around the neutron star in Pup A should be detectable by deeper infrared observations.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures, revised to address referee's comments, and accepted for publication in ApJ
Simple finite elements and multigrid for efficient mass-consistent wind downscaling in a coupled fire-atmosphere model
Creators: name: Mandel, J.
name: Farguell, A.
name: Kochanski, A. K.
name: Mallia, D. V.
name: Hilburn, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 65N30, 65N55, 86A10

description: We present a simple finite element formulation of mass-consistent approximation, and a fast multigrid iterative method with adaptive semicoarsening, which maintains the convergence of the iterations over a range of grids and penalty coefficients. The method is designed to run in each time step of WRF-SFIRE and replace the interpolation from the atmospheric mesh to the fire mesh by a diagnostic model of the air flow over a fine-scale terrain.
description: 4 pages, Seminar on Numerical Analysis - SNA'21, Ostrava, Czech Republic, January 25--28, 2021