cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Adverse Selection in the Environmental Stewardship Scheme: Does the Higher Level Entry Scheme Design Reduce Adverse Selection?
Creators: name: Quillerou, Emmanuelle
name: Fraser, Rob W.
name: Quillerou, Emmanuelle
name: Fraser, Rob W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Adverse selection
subject: agri-environment
subject: Environmental Stewardship
subject: principal-agent
subject: contract

description: The Environmental Stewardship Scheme provides payments to farmers for the provision of environmental services based on agricultural foregone income. This creates a potential incentive compatibility problem which, combined with an information asymmetry on farm land heterogeneity, could lead to adverse selection of farmers into the scheme. However, the Higher Level Scheme (HLS) design includes some features that potentially reduce adverse selection. This paper studies the adverse selection problem of the HLS using a principal agent framework at the regional level. It is found that, at the regional level, the enrolment of more land from lower payment regions for a given budget constraint has led to a greater overall contracted area (and thus potential environmental benefit) which has had the effect of reducing the adverse selection problem. In addition, for landscape regions with the same payment rate (i.e. of the same agricultural value), differential weighting of the public demand for environmental goods and services provided by agriculture (measured by weighting an environmental benefit function by the distance to main cities) appears to be reflected into the regulator’s allocation of contracts, thereby also reducing the adverse selection problem.
Cereal Prices, Bread Consumption and Health in Scotland
Creators: name: Revoredo-Giha, Cesar
name: Lamprinopoulou-Kranis, Chrysa
name: Toma, Luiza
name: Kupiec-Teahan, Beata
name: Leat, Philip M.K.
name: Cacciolatti, Luca
name: Revoredo-Giha, Cesar
name: Lamprinopoulou-Kranis, Chrysa
name: Toma, Luiza
name: Kupiec-Teahan, Beata
name: Leat, Philip M.K.
name: Cacciolatti, Luca
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Bread consumption models
subject: Scotland
subject: Food prices

description: The recent rise in food prices has increased concern about the choice of a healthy food basket, especially in the context of the current formulation of a National Food Policy for Scotland. This concern has revived interest in food price and expenditure demand systems as they provide information about consumers’ food decisions. The paper focuses on the consumption of brown and white bread, as they are the most typical forms of cereals use in the UK. Moreover, nutritionists recommend the consumption of wholemeal or brown bread in contraposition to white bread as part of an appropriate diet due to its health benefits. The overall purpose of the paper is to measure the impact that the increase in the price of cereals during the period 2005 to 2008 would have had on the purchase of brown and white bread. This is undertaken in two stages: the first measures the effect of changes in milling wheat prices on brown and white bread prices, and the second measures the elasticities of the purchases of brown and white bread with respect to changes in their prices through the estimation of four demand systems. The results, excluding those from the static LA/AIDS that seem to high, indicate, ceteris paribus, that the increase by 72 per cent in the price of wheat produced a decrease in brown and white bread purchases in the range of 30 to 40 per cent; however, as regards the question what type of bread decreased more, the answer depends on the demand model used.
The impact of changing agricultural policies on jointly used rough pastures in the Bavarian Pre-Alps - an economic and ecological scenario approach
Creators: name: Roeder, Norbert
name: Lederbogen, Dirk
name: Trautner, Juergen
name: Bergamini, Ariel
name: Stofer, Silvia
name: Scheidegger, Christoph
name: Roeder, Norbert
name: Lederbogen, Dirk
name: Trautner, Juergen
name: Bergamini, Ariel
name: Stofer, Silvia
name: Scheidegger, Christoph
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: CAP
subject: agent based modelling
subject: BioAssess
subject: impact assessment
subject: biodiversity
subject: agriculture
subject: target species
subject: EC Habitats Directive

description: The following paper assesses the impact of different policy options on the land use and associated biodiversity values of jointly organized low intensity grazing systems (‘Allmende’) in Southern Bavaria. We use an integrated economic and ecological modelling approach to compare the results of the scenarios with a reference situation that reflects the Common Agricultural Policy prior to the Fischler Reform. The economic sub model is based on single farms which alter their land use in response to economic stimuli. Within the economic part, key factors like the farm’s endowment with machinery, quota and buildings but also the farmer’s attitude are regarded. Within the rule based ecological sub model we analyze three main parameters: (a) protected habitats according to the EC Habitats Directive, (b) biodiversity for selected taxonomic groups (plants, lichens, ground beetles) and (c) habitat quality of selected target species (plants, butterflies). An overall evaluation of the scenarios leads to the conclusion that the impact of the Fischler reform will be fairly limited in the study area, since at the observed level of intensity the lower product prices will be compensated by higher direct payments. If all payments were strictly targeted to agri-environmental measures and set to a level which guarantees a low input management of the grass land, the overall public expenses could be reduced by approx. 100 to 200 € ha-1. In addition this setting will provide additional habitats for the target species. However, the number of agricultural employment opportunities and the agricultural value added decline severely. Regarding all indicators but the extent of protected habitats and the public costs, a scenario of complete market liberalization performs the worst.
Measuring accretion disk sizes of lensed quasars with microlensing time delay in multi-band light curves
Creators: name: Chan, J. H. H.
name: Rojas, K.
name: Millon, M.
name: Courbin, F.
name: Bonvin, V.
name: Jauffret, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Time-delay cosmography in strongly lensed quasars offer an independent way of measuring the Hubble constant, $H_0$. However, it has been proposed that the combination of microlensing and source-size effects, also known as microlensing time delay can potentially increase the uncertainty in time-delay measurements as well as lead to a biased time delay. In this work, we first investigate how microlensing time delay changes with assumptions on the initial mass function (IMF) and find that the more massive microlenses produce the sharper distributions of microlensing time delays. We also find that the IMF has modest effect on the the magnification probability distributions. Second, we present a new method to measure the color-dependent source size in lensed quasars using the microlensing time delays inferred from multi-band light curves. In practice the relevant observable is the differential microlensing time delays between different bands. We show from simulation using the facility as Vera C. Rubin Observatory that if this differential time delay between bands can be measured with a precision of $0.1$ days in any given lensed image, the disk size can be recovered to within a factor of $2$. If four lensed images are used, our method is able to achieve an unbiased source measurement within error of the order of $20\%$, which is comparable with other techniques.
description: 11 pages, 10 figures
The economic lot scheduling problem: a content analysis
Creators: name: Beck, Fabian G.
name: Glock, Christoph H.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: The paper at hand addresses the Economic Lot Scheduling Problem (ELSP), which is concerned with finding a feasible and cost-minimal production schedule for multiple items produced in lots on a single machine. The ELSP started to attract the attention of researchers in the 1950s, where the focus was primarily on the development of simple heuristics for solving the problem. Over the subsequent decades, this topic has frequently been addressed in the literature, with the subject of research being the development of new scheduling policies or solution procedures or extensions of the scope of the original model. To date, a large number of journal articles has been published on the ELSP and its model variants. To identify key research themes, publication patterns and opportunities for future research, the paper at hand applies a content analysis to a sample of 242 papers published on the Economic Lot Scheduling Problem. The results of the content analysis indicate that prior research on this topic had a strong focus on the development of solution methodologies, and that several aspects that are directly connected to lot sizing and scheduling have not attracted much attention in research on the ELSP yet, such as, for example, energy cost and sustainability.
A large amount of diffuse molecular gases in the bar of the strongly barred galaxy NGC1300: Cause of the low star formation efficiency
Creators: name: Maeda, Fumiya
name: Ohta, Kouji
name: Fujimoto, Yusuke
name: Habe, Asao
name: Ushio, Kaito
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In many barred galaxies, star formation efficiency (SFE) in the bar is lower than those in the arm and bar-end, and its cause has still not been clear. Focusing on the strongly barred galaxy NGC 1300, we investigate the possibility that the presence of a large amount of diffuse molecular gas, which would not contribute to the SF, makes the SFE low in appearance. We examine the relation between the SFE and the diffuse molecular gas fraction ($f_{\rm dif}$), which is derived using the $^{12}$CO($1-0$) flux obtained from the interferometer of ALMA 12-m array, which has no sensitivity on diffuse (extended; FWHM $\gtrapprox 700$ pc) molecular gases due to the lack of ACA, and the total $^{12}$CO($1-0$) flux obtained from Nobeyama 45-m single-dish telescope. We find that the SFE decreases with increasing $f_{\rm dif}$. The $f_{\rm dif}$ and ${\rm SFE}$ are $0.74 - 0.91$ and $(0.06 - 0.16) ~\rm Gyr^{-1}$ in the bar regions, and $0.28 - 0.65$ and $(0.23 - 0.96) ~\rm Gyr^{-1}$ in the arm and bar-end regions. This result supports the idea that the presence of a large amount of diffuse molecular gas makes the SFE low. The suppression of the SFE in the bar has also been seen even when we exclude the diffuse molecular gas components. This suggests that the low SFE appears to be caused not only by a large amount of diffuse molecular gases but also by other mechanisms such as fast cloud-cloud collisions.
description: 21 pages, 19 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Tendon healing is adversely affected by low-grade inflammation.
Creators: name: Chisari, Emanuele
name: Rehak, Laura
name: Khan, Wasim S
name: Maffulli, Nicola
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Research Article
Inflammation
Tendinopathy
Healing
Proinflammatory cytokines

description: BACKGROUND: Tendinopathy is common, presents with pain and activity limitation, and is associated with a high risk of recurrence of the injury. Tendinopathy usually occurs as a results of a disrupted healing response to a primary injury where cellular and molecular pathways lead to low grade chronic inflammation. MAIN FINDINGS: There has been a renewed interest in investigating the role of Inflammation in the pathogenesis of tendinopathy, in particular during the initial phases of the condition where it may not be clinically evident. Understanding the early and late stages of tendon injury pathogenesis would help develop new and effective treatments addressed at targeting the inflammatory pathways. CONCLUSION: This review outlines the role of low-grade Inflammation in the pathogenesis of tendinopathy, stressing the role of proinflammatory cytokines, proteolytic enzymes and growth factors, and explores how Inflammation exerts a negative influence on the process of tendon healing.
Production and decays of supersymmetric Higgs bosons in spontaneously broken R-parity
Creators: name: Hirsch, M.
name: Romao, J. C.
name: Valle, J. W. F.
name: del Moral, A. Villanova
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the mass spectra, production and decay properties of the lightest supersymmetric CP-even and CP-odd Higgs bosons in models with spontaneously broken R-parity (SBRP). We compare the resulting mass spectra with expectations of the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM), stressing that the model obeys the upper bound on the lightest CP-even Higgs boson mass. We discuss how the presence of the additional scalar singlet states affects the Higgs production cross sections, both for the Bjorken process and the "associated production". The main phenomenological novelty with respect to the MSSM comes from the fact that the spontaneous breaking of lepton number leads to the existence of the majoron, denoted J, which opens new decay channels for supersymmetric Higgs bosons. We find that the invisible decays of CP-even Higgses can be dominant, while those of the CP-odd bosons may also be sizeable.
description: 21 pages, 8 figures; minor changes, final version for publication
Anomalous density fluctuations in a random $t$-$J$ model
Creators: name: Joshi, Darshan G.
name: Sachdev, Subir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A previous work (Joshi et al., arXiv:1912.08822) found a deconfined critical point at non-zero doping in a $t$-$J$ model with all-to-all and random hopping and spin exchange, and argued for its relevance to the phenomenology of the cuprates. We extend this model to include all-to-all and random density-density interactions of mean-square strength $K$. In a fixed realization of the disorder, and for specific values of the hopping, exchange, and density interactions, the model is supersymmetric; but, we find no supersymmetry after independent averages over the interactions. Using the previously developed renormalization group analysis, we find a new fixed point at non-zero $K$. However, this fixed point is unstable towards the previously found fixed point at $K=0$ in our perturbative analysis. We compute the exponent characterizing density fluctuations at both fixed points: this exponent determines the spectrum of electron energy-loss spectroscopy.
description: 11+11 pages, 6 figures; (v2) Added clarifications and references
Enriching Stakeholder participation through Environmental Valuation; Eliciting Preferences for a National Park Designation in Northern Ireland
Creators: name: Rowan, Emma
name: Longo, Alberto
name: Rowan, Emma
name: Longo, Alberto
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: travel cost
subject: contingent behaviour
subject: revealed preferences
subject: stated preferences
subject: national park designation
subject: collaborative planning
subject: stakeholder involvement

description: This paper provides the theoretical framework and describes the preliminary steps for combining collaborative planning and non-market valuation techniques to improve the decision making process and stakeholder involvement in land use decisions. Combining components of Collaborative Planning (CP) — a Planning theory seeking to achieve the highest level of consensus possible amongst all stakeholders — with non-market valuation techniques (Travel Cost Method and Contingent Behaviour) - widely used in environmental economics — this study attempts to elicit the preferences of the Northern Ireland population which could be affected by the proposed designation of a National Park. The CP elements of public participation are first used as an aid to design the survey instrument and then explored as a means of the validation of results analysed from the survey. In a Contingent Behaviour survey, key attributes are set at varying levels to assess how respondents’ welfare would be affected by hypothetical changes in the management and infrastructures of a recreational area.
Quantitative interpretation of the rotation curves of spiral galaxies at redshifts z~0.7 and z~1
Creators: name: Fuchs, Burkhard
name: Boehm, Asmus
name: Moellenhoff, Claus
name: Ziegler, Bodo L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present decompositions of the rotation curves of three spiral galaxies at redshifts z~0.7 and 1 into contributions by their bulges, disks, and dark halos, respectively. In order to set constraints on the degeneracy of the decompositions we interpret the morphology of the spiral structures quantitatively in the framework of density wave theory. Galaxy models constrained in such a way show that the distant galaxies, which are much younger than nearby galaxies, have very likely 'maximum disks', i.e. are dominated in their inner parts by baryonic matter. We argue that current theories of the cosmogony of galaxies must allow for these types of galaxies.
description: 6 pages, accepted for publication in A&A
The XMM-Newton view of PG quasars I. X-ray continuum and absorption
Creators: name: Piconcelli, E.
name: Jimenez-Bailon, E.
name: Guainazzi, M.
name: Schartel, N.
name: Rodriguez-Pascual, P. M.
name: Santos-Lleo, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results of a systematic analysis of the XMM-Newton spectra of 40 quasars (QSOs) (z<1.72) from the Palomar-Green (PG) Bright Quasar Survey sample (M_B = 1.89+/-0.11 and = 1.63^(+0.02)_(-0.01) for the RQQs and RLQs, respectively. Below 2 keV, a strong, broad excess is present in most QSO spectra. This feature has been fitted with four different models assuming several physical scenarios. All tested models (blackbody, multicolor blackbody, bremsstrahlung and power law) satisfactorily fitted the majority of the spectra. However, none of them is able to provide an adequate parameterization for the soft excess emission in all QSOs, indicating the absence of an universal shape for this spectral feature. An additional cold absorption component was required only in three sources. On the other hand, as recently pointed out by Porquet et al. (2004) for a smaller sample of PG QSOs, warm absorber features are present in ~50% of the QSO spectra in contrast with their rare occurrence (~5-10%) found in previous studies. The XMM-Newton view of optically-selected bright QSOs therefore suggests that there are no significant difference in the X-ray spectral properties once compared with the low-luminosity Seyfert 1 galaxies. Properties of the Fe Kalpha emission lines are presented in a companion paper.
description: To be published in A&A
Determinants of the Fallowing Decision in Kosovo
Creators: name: Sauer, Johannes
name: Davidova, Sophia
name: Latruffe, Laure
name: Sauer, Johannes
name: Davidova, Sophia
name: Latruffe, Laure
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: fallow land decision
subject: Kosovo
subject: Tobit regression
subject: Fractional response regression
subject: Zero-inflated binomial regression

description: The key question of this paper is why farmers in Kosovo leave land fallow when the total land of their farms is rather small and households are rather large. In order to elicit some barriers to land utilisation in Kosovo, the paper is based on a comprehensive survey carried out in 2005 investigating agricultural households’ perceptions of production and market conditions, and employs several households and farm characteristics to empirically approximate the significance of different factors for leaving land fallow and not using it for production purposes. Three different econometric models are used expected to fit the data distribution. All estimated model specifications show a statistical significance at a satisfactory level and no severe signs of misspecification. The main determinants of the share of land left fallow by farmers in Kosovo are economic: low profitability of farming and difficulty to access inputs. The increase in incentives to farmers by improving market institutions up- and downstream is one measure which could alleviate the barriers to land use. Larger arable areas decrease the probability for fallow land. This emphasizes the need for land consolidation.
NRG approach to the transport through a finite Hubbard chain connected to reservoirs
Creators: name: Oguri, Akira
name: Hewson, A. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the low-energy properties of a Hubbard chain of finite size N_C connected to two noninteracting leads using the numerical renormalization group (NRG) method. The results obtained for N_C = 3 and 4 show that the low-lying eigenstates have one-to-one correspondence with the free quasi-particle excitations of a local Fermi liquid. It enables us to determine the transport coefficients from the fixed-point Hamiltonian. At half-filling, the conductance for even N_C decreases exponentially with increasing U showing a tendency towards the development of a Mott-Hubbard gap. In contrast, for odd N_C, the Fermi-liquid nature of the low-energy states assures perfect transmission through the Kondo resonance. Our formulation to deduce the conductance from the fixed-point energy levels can be applied to various types of interacting systems.
description: One typo found in Eq.(3) in previous version has been corrected
Parallel Optical Computing Based on MIMO Metasurface Processors with Asymmetric Optical Response
Creators: name: Babaee, Amirhossein
name: Momeni, Ali
name: Abdolali, Ali
name: Fleury, Romain
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a polarization-insensitive metasurface processor to perform spatial asymmetric filtering of an incident optical beam, thereby allowing for real-time parallel optical processing. To enable massive parallel processing, we introduce a novel Multi Input-Multi Output (MIMO) computational metasurface with an asymmetric optical response that can perform spatial differentiation on two distinct input signals regardless of their polarization. In our scenario, two distinct signals set in x and y directions, parallel and perpendicular to the incident plane, illuminate simultaneously the metasurface processor, and the resulting differentiated signals are separated from each other via appropriate Spatial Low Pass Filters (SLPF). By leveraging Generalized Sheet Transition Conditions (GSTCs) and surface susceptibility tensors, we design an asymmetric meta-atom augmented with normal susceptibilitiesto reach asymmetric optical response at normal beam illumination. Proof-of-principle simulations are also reported along with the successful realization of signal processing functions. The proposed metasurface overcomes major shortcomings imposed by previous studies such as large architectures arising from the need of additional subblocks, slow responses, and most importantly, supporting only a single input with a given polarization. Our results set the path for future developments of material-based analog computing using efficient and easy-to-fabricate MIMO processors for compact, fast, and integrable computing elements without any Fourier lens.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures
Innovation Behaviour At Farm Level – Selection And Identification
Creators: name: Sauer, Johannes
name: Zilberman, David
name: Sauer, Johannes
name: Zilberman, David
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Innovation
subject: Dairy Farming
subject: Sample Selection
subject: Mixed-Effects Modelling.

description: Using a squential logit model and a mixed-effects logistic regression approach this empirical study investigates factors for the adoption of automatic milking technology (AMS) at the farm level accounting for problems of sequential sample selection and behaviour identification. The results suggest the importance of the farmer’s risk perception, significant effects of peer-group behaviour, and a positive impact of previous innovation experiences.
Prospects for climate friendly peatland management – Results of a socioeconomic case study in Germany
Creators: name: Schaller, Lena
name: Kantelhardt, Jochen
name: Schaller, Lena
name: Kantelhardt, Jochen
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: agricultural peatland use
subject: reduction of greenhouse gases
subject: farm survey
subject: economic consequences

description: In the current debate on climate protection, agricultural production has become a focal point of interest. This study introduces the climate effectiveness of agricultural management of peat-soils. Agriculture on peatland demands a water-level drawdown that causes aerobe degradation of the soils. The resulting trace-gas emissions have a negative impact on the greenhouse-gas balance. In Germany more than 80% of peatland is used agriculturally; the resulting emissions account for 2.3 – 4.5% of Germany’s overall emission. Climate-friendly peatland management strategies, however, demand enhanced groundwater tables and decreased land-use intensity. With regard to agricultural income, severe economic consequences are to be expected. Against this background we analyse opportunities to reorganise agricultural use of peatland. As it is assumed that the potential to reduce land-use intensity greatly depends on local socio-economic conditions which are likely to vary across different regions, six representative sample regions are surveyed. To analyse microeconomic effects with simultaneous consideration of local diversity, stakeholder workshops and extensive farm surveys were undertaken in all regions. First results indicate that a reorganisation of peatland use causes severe loss of agricultural income and necessitates financial compensation for farmers. However the results also show that the potential of rearrangement varies significantly according to regional conditions.
Simulating the Multi-Epoch Direct Detection Technique to Isolate the Thermal Emission of the Non-Transiting Hot Jupiter HD187123B
Creators: name: Buzard, Cam
name: Finnerty, Luke
name: Piskorz, Danielle
name: Pelletier, Stefan
name: Benneke, Björn
name: Bender, Chad F.
name: Lockwood, Alexandra C.
name: Wallack, Nicole L.
name: Wilkins, Olivia H.
name: Blake, Geoffrey A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the 6.5$σ$ detection of water from the hot Jupiter HD187123b with a Keplerian orbital velocity $K_p$ of 53 $\pm$ 13 km/s. This high confidence detection is made using a multi-epoch, high resolution, cross correlation technique, and corresponds to a planetary mass of 1.4$^{+0.5}_{-0.3}$ $M_J$ and an orbital inclination of 21 $\pm$ 5$^{\circ}$. The technique works by treating the planet/star system as a spectroscopic binary and obtaining high signal-to-noise, high resolution observations at multiple points across the planet's orbit to constrain the system's binary dynamical motion. All together, seven epochs of Keck/NIRSPEC $L$-band observations were obtained, with five before the instrument upgrade and two after. Using high resolution SCARLET planetary and PHOENIX stellar spectral models, along with a line-by-line telluric absorption model, we were able to drastically increase the confidence of the detection by running simulations that could reproduce, and thus remove, the non-random structured noise in the final likelihood space well. The ability to predict multi-epoch results will be extremely useful for furthering the technique. Here, we use these simulations to compare three different approaches to combining the cross correlations of high resolution spectra and find that the Zucker 2003 log(L) approach is least affected by unwanted planet/star correlation for our HD187123 data set. Furthermore, we find that the same total S/N spread across an orbit in many, lower S/N epochs rather than fewer, higher S/N epochs could provide a more efficient detection. This work provides a necessary validation of multi-epoch simulations which can be used to guide future observations and will be key to studying the atmospheres of further separated, non-transiting exoplanets.
description: Accepted to AJ, 14 pages, 10 figures
On the ADHM construction of noncommutative U(2) k-instanton
Creators: name: Lagraa, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The basic objects of the ADHM construction are reformulated in terms of elements of the $A_θ(R^4)$ algebra of the noncommutative $R_θ^4$ space. This new formulation of the ADHM construction makes possible the explicit calculus of the U(2) instanton number which is shown to be the product of a trace of finite rank projector of the Fock representation space of the algebra $A_θ(R^4)$ times a noncommutative version of the winding number.
description: 22 pages, new version to appear in Phys. Rev. D
Multiple goals in farmers’ decision making: The case of sheep farming in Western Greece
Creators: name: Sintori, Alexandra
name: Rozakis, Stelios
name: Tsiboukas, Kostas
name: Sintori, Alexandra
name: Rozakis, Stelios
name: Tsiboukas, Kostas
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Sheep farming
subject: mixed integer programming
subject: multiple goals
subject: noninteractive elicitation

description: Management strategies and performance differ among farmers, as a result of different, multiple and often conflicting goals. Many approaches to building farm level models that incorporate multiple goals have been developed over the years, most of which share a common weakness. The determination of the goals to be used as attributes in the utility function is the result of a highly interactive process with the individual farmer, often difficult to implement. In this study, we use a non-interactive methodology, described in recent literature, to elicit the utility function of selected sheep farmers in western Greece, since farmers often appear reluctant to answer straightforward questions about their goals and preferences. Τhe results indicate that sheep farmers aim at the achievement of multiple goals, and that the maximization of gross margin is an important attribute in the utility function of mainly larger farms with a commercial orientation. The minimization of purchased forage, family labor and cost of hired labor are also important goals, especially for small and less commercial family farms. The multi objective farm level model built reproduces the Greek sheep farmers’ behavior more accurately and can replace the single objective model in decision making or agricultural planning problems.
Additional file 17 of RNA-Seq of three free-living flatworm species suggests rapid evolution of reproduction-related genes
Creators: name: Brand, Jeremias N.
name: R. Axel W. Wiberg
name: Pjeta, Robert
name: Bertemes, Philip
name: Beisel, Christian
name: Ladurner, Peter
name: Schärer, Lukas
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 17: Figure S3. Representation of the method used to estimate protein divergence for each OG. Species are abbreviated as: lig = M. lignano, htx = M. hystrix, spi = M. spirale and pus = M. pusillum. A: Hypothetical protein alignment of an OG containing all four species. Protein divergence was calculated between all sequences that share an aligned region (indicated in black), thus excluding sequences that do not overlap (indicated with an asterisk, i.e. lig3*, spi2*). B: Matrix of all pairwise comparisons between the overlapping sequences in the OG, with letters denoting divergences between particular species pairs (e.g. a1–4 represent the protein divergence between the sequences of M. lignano and M. hystrix). C: Average protein divergences between species pairs in the OG (e.g. a is the average of all a-values in panel B). The divergence for the whole OG is then calculated as the average protein distance over all six species pairs.
Structure and overstability of resistive modes with runaway electrons
Creators: name: Liu, Chang
name: Zhao, Chen
name: Jardin, Stephen C.
name: Bhattacharjee, Amitava
name: Brennan, Dylan P.
name: Ferraro, Nathanial M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the effects of runaway electron current on the dispersion relation of resistive magnetohydrodynamic modes in tokamaks. We present a new theoretical model to derive the dispersion relation, which is based on the asymptotic analysis of the resistive layer structure of the modes. It is found that in addition to the conventional resistive layer, a new runaway current layer can emerge whose properties depend on the ratio of the Alfvén velocity to the runaway electron convection speed. Due to the contribution from this layer, both the tearing mode and kink mode will have a real frequency in addition to a growth rate. The derived dispersion relation has been compared with numerical results using both a simplified eigenvalue calculation and a M3D-C1 linear simulation, and good agreement is found in both cases.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures
Bessel convolutions on matrix cones
Creators: name: Rösler, Margit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 33C67, 33C80, 43A62, 43A85

description: In this paper we introduce probability-preserving convolution algebras on cones of positive semidefinite matrices over one of the division algebras $\b F = \b R, \b C$ or $\b H$ which interpolate the convolution algebras of radial bounded Borel measures on a matrix space $M_{p,q}(\b F)$ with $p\geq q$. Radiality in this context means invariance under the action of the unitary group $U_p(\b F)$ from the left. We obtain a continuous series of commutative hypergroups whose characters are given by Bessel functions of matrix argument. Our results generalize well-known structures in the rank one case, namely the Bessel-Kingman hypergroups on the positive real line, to a higher rank setting. In a second part of the paper, we study structures depending only on the matrix spectra. Under the mapping $r\mapsto \text{spec}(r)$, the convolutions on the underlying matrix cone induce a continuous series of hypergroup convolutions on a Weyl chamber of type $B_q$. The characters are now Dunkl-type Bessel functions. These convolution algebras on the Weyl chamber naturally extend the harmonic analysis for Cartan motion groups associated with the Grassmann manifolds $U(p,q)/(U_p\times U_q)$ over $\b F$.
description: 33 pages
The impact of generic advertising and the free rider problem: a look at the U.S. orange juice market and imports
Creators: name: Brown, Mark G.
name: Lee, Jonq-Ying
name: Spreen, Thomas H.
name: Brown, Mark G.
name: Lee, Jonq-Ying
name: Spreen, Thomas H.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: orange juice
subject: imports
subject: advertising
subject: free rider problems

description: Increased demand for an advertised product may increase price, which, in turn, may lead to a free rider problem where competitive imports increase and result in a smaller price increase than otherwise. A study of Florida Department of Citrus advertising for orange juice indicated that the free rider problem has notably limited the impact of advertising on price in the U.S. market. High U.S. orange juice demand, which in part has been a result of advertising, has attracted substantial amounts of orange juice imports. Imports have eroded the impact of advertising on price by an estimated two-thirds.
Additional file 13 of RNA-Seq of three free-living flatworm species suggests rapid evolution of reproduction-related genes
Creators: name: Brand, Jeremias N.
name: R. Axel W. Wiberg
name: Pjeta, Robert
name: Bertemes, Philip
name: Beisel, Christian
name: Ladurner, Peter
name: Schärer, Lukas
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 13:. Reannotation of Mlig_37v3 transcriptome.
Dynamical $μ$ and MSSM
Creators: name: Kim, Jihn E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the idea that the vacuum can choose one pair of Higgs doublets by making the $μ$ parameter a dynamical field called {\it massion}. The {\it massion} potential leading to the dynamical solution is suggested to arise from the small instanton interaction when the gauge couplings become strong near the cutoff scale $M_s$ or $M_P$. One can construct supergravity models along this line. We also present an explicit example with a trinification model from superstring.
description: LaTeX file of 28 pages
Power systems with high renewable energy sources: A review of inertia and frequency control strategies over time
Creators: name: Fernández-Guillamón, Ana
name: Gómez-Lázaro, Emilio
name: Muljadi, Eduard
name: Molina-García, Angel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Traditionally, inertia in power systems has been determined by considering all the rotating masses directly connected to the grid. During the last decade, the integration of renewable energy sources, mainly photovoltaic installations and wind power plants, has led to a significant dynamic characteristic change in power systems. This change is mainly due to the fact that most renewables have power electronics at the grid interface. The overall impact on stability and reliability analysis of power systems is very significant. The power systems become more dynamic and require a new set of strategies modifying traditional generation control algorithms. Indeed, renewable generation units are decoupled from the grid by electronic converters, decreasing the overall inertia of the grid. 'Hidden inertia', 'synthetic inertia' or 'virtual inertia' are terms currently used to represent artificial inertia created by converter control of the renewable sources. Alternative spinning reserves are then needed in the new power system with high penetration renewables, where the lack of rotating masses directly connected to the grid must be emulated to maintain an acceptable power system reliability. This paper reviews the inertia concept in terms of values and their evolution in the last decades, as well as the damping factor values. A comparison of the rotational grid inertia for traditional and current averaged generation mix scenarios is also carried out. In addition, an extensive discussion on wind and photovoltaic power plants and their contributions to inertia in terms of frequency control strategies is included in the paper.
description: Journal Paper
Textual Description for Mathematical Equations
Creators: name: Mondal, Ajoy
name: Jawahar, C. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Reading of mathematical expression or equation in the document images is very challenging due to the large variability of mathematical symbols and expressions. In this paper, we pose reading of mathematical equation as a task of generation of the textual description which interprets the internal meaning of this equation. Inspired by the natural image captioning problem in computer vision, we present a mathematical equation description (MED) model, a novel end-to-end trainable deep neural network based approach that learns to generate a textual description for reading mathematical equation images. Our MED model consists of a convolution neural network as an encoder that extracts features of input mathematical equation images and a recurrent neural network with attention mechanism which generates description related to the input mathematical equation images. Due to the unavailability of mathematical equation image data sets with their textual descriptions, we generate two data sets for experimental purpose. To validate the effectiveness of our MED model, we conduct a real-world experiment to see whether the students are able to write equations by only reading or listening their textual descriptions or not. Experiments conclude that the students are able to write most of the equations correctly by reading their textual descriptions only.
description: 8
Laser acceleration of ion bunches at the front surface of overdense plasmas
Creators: name: Macchi, Andrea
name: Cattani, Federica
name: Liseykina, Tatiana V.
name: Cornolti, Fulvio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The acceleration of ions in the interaction of high intensity laser pulses with overdense plasmas is investigated with particle-in-cell simulations. For circular polarization of the laser pulses, high-density ion bunches moving into the plasma are generated at the laser-plasma interaction surface. A simple analytical model accounts for the numerical observations and provides scaling laws for the ion bunch energy and generation time as a function of pulse intensity and plasma density.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures; revised version
Institutions for irrigation management in farmer-managed systems: Examples from the hills of Nepal
Creators: name: Martin, Edward D.
name: Yoder, Robert
name: Martin, Edward D.
name: Yoder, Robert
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1987
Subjects: subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Farm Management
subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: Irrigation management
subject: Institutions
subject: Farmer managed irrigation systems
subject: Nepal

description: The paper examines farmer organizations and property rights which have evolved as institutions in Nepal that enable collective management of water for agricultural production.
Bypassing the energy functional in density functional theory: Direct calculation of electronic energies from conditional probability densities
Creators: name: McCarty, Ryan J.
name: Perchak, Dennis
name: Pederson, Ryan
name: Evans, Robert
name: Qiu, Yiheng
name: White, Steven R.
name: Burke, Kieron
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Density functional calculations can fail for want of an accurate exchange-correlation approximation. The energy can instead be extracted from a sequence of density functional calculations of conditional probabilities (CP-DFT). Simple CP approximations yield usefully accurate results for two-electron ions, the hydrogen dimer, and the uniform gas at all temperatures. CP-DFT has no self-interaction error for one electron, and correctly dissociates H2, both major challenges. For warm dense matter, classical CP-DFT calculations can overcome the convergence problems of Kohn-Sham DFT.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, 2 tables
Template for residues rich text fields in IUCLID
Creators: name: European Food Safety Authority (EFSA)
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: residues
subject: pesticides
subject: http://id.agrisemantics.org/gacs/C284
subject: http://id.agrisemantics.org/gacs/C1470

description: This word file contains the recommended table formats to be used to report data in the residues section of IUCLID (endpoint study records and endpoint summaries)
description: IT; docx; pesticides.mrl@efsa.europa.eu
Additional file 1 of Targeted re-sequencing for early diagnosis of genetic causes of childhood epilepsy: the Italian experience from the ‘beyond epilepsy’ project
Creators: name: Amadori, Elisabetta
name: Scala, Marcello
name: Cereda, Giulia Sofia
name: Vari, Maria Stella
name: Marchese, Francesca
name: Pisa, Veronica Di
name: Mancardi, Maria Margherita
name: Giacomini, Thea
name: Siri, Laura
name: Vercellino, Fabiana
name: Serino, Domenico
name: Orsini, Alessandro
name: Bonuccelli, Alice
name: Bagnasco, Irene
name: Papa, Amanda
name: Minetti, Carlo
name: Cordelli, Duccio Maria
name: Striano, Pasquale
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Table 1. Full list of the 283 genes included in the ‘Beyond Paediatric Epilepsy Panel’ version used for this study. Abbreviations: MQ, mapping quality score UCSC, University of California Santa Cruz genome browser. Supplementary Table 2. Variants of unknown significance identified in this study. Abbreviations: AD, autosomal dominant; AR, autosomal recessive; CADD, Combined Annotation Dependent Depletion; F, female; HEM, hemizygous; HET, heterozygous; M, male; SIFT, Sorting Intolerant From Tolerant; VUS, variants of unknown significance; XL, X-linked.
Wandering in Color-Space -- why the life of pentaquark is so long ? --
Creators: name: Maezawa, Yuu
name: Maruyama, Toshiki
name: Itagaki, Naoyuki
name: Hatsuda, Tetsuo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The problem of the long life time of the pentaquark $Θ^+$ is investigated on the basis of the color molecular dynamics simulation. We find that it takes a long time (typically of 50-100 fm/c) for the initial pentaquark-state to rearrange its color and spatial positions to decay into the nucleon + kaon final state. Structure of the potential surface in the color and position spaces also supports this picture. Pentaquark wanders on the potential surface to find a narrow channel to decay.
description: To appear in Teller Memorial Volume of Acta Physica Hungarica A (Heavy Ion Physics), 2004
Additional file 1 of Transmission patterns of COVID-19 in the mainland of China and the efficacy of different control strategies: a data- and model-driven study
Creators: name: Zu, Jian
name: Miao-Lei Li
name: Zong-Fang Li
name: Ming-Wang Shen
name: Xiao, Yan-Ni
name: Ji, Fan-Pu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1.