cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Gamma-radiation sky maps from compact binaries
Creators: name: Ortiz, Néstor
name: Carrasco, Federico
name: Green, Stephen R.
name: Lehner, Luis
name: Liebling, Steven L.
name: Westernacher-Schneider, John Ryan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study sky maps and light curves of gamma-ray emission from neutron stars in compact binaries, and in isolation. We briefly review some gamma-ray emission models, and reproduce sky maps from a standard isolated pulsar in the Separatrix Layer model. We consider isolated pulsars with several variations of a dipole magnetic field, including superpositions, and predict their gamma-ray emission. Our results provide new heuristics on what can and cannot be inferred about the magnetic field configuration of pulsars from high-energy observations. We find that typical double-peak light curves can be produced by pulsars with significant multipole structure beyond a single dipole. For binary systems, we also present a simple approximation that is useful for rapid explorations of binary magnetic field structure. Finally, we predict the gamma-ray emission pattern from a compact black hole-neutron star binary moments before merger by applying the Separatrix Layer model to data simulated in full general relativity; we find that face-on observers receive little emission, equatorial observers see one broad peak, and more generic observers typically see two peaks.
description: 29 pages, 19 figures. Matches published version
Genetic diversity in the blue swimming crab (Portunus pelagicus) and mud crab (Scylla spp.) populations of Thailand: conclusion of the study results, benefits and utilizations
Creators: name: Panom K. Sodsuk
name: Srirat Sodsuk
name: Ponlachart Pewnane
Publisher: name: Genetics Society of Thailand
Year: 2009
Subjects: Portunus pelagicus, Scylla spp., genetic diversity, microsatellite, allozyme

description: 1, 2, Thai Journal of Genetics
Data providers package for reporting Pesticide Residues (official data reporting phase) SSD2
Creators: name: European Food Safety Authority
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: pesticide residues
subject: monitoring
subject: data collection
subject: Standard Sample Description
subject: MRL
subject: Risk Assessment
subject: http://id.agrisemantics.org/gacs/C3009
subject: http://id.agrisemantics.org/gacs/C2724
subject: http://id.agrisemantics.org/gacs/C3204
subject: http://id.agrisemantics.org/gacs/C1146
subject: http://id.agrisemantics.org/gacs/C846
subject: http://id.agrisemantics.org/gacs/C1470
subject: http://id.agrisemantics.org/gacs/C16651

description: Regulation (EC) No 396/2005 on Maximum Residue Levels of pesticides in or on food and feed of plant and animal origin requires the Member States to carry out official controls on pesticide residues in food. In this framework, EFSA is in charge of collecting and analysing data in order to deliver the annual reports on the results from the national pesticides monitoring activities. This data providers package provides the data collection configuration and supporting materials for reporting Pesticide Residues in line with the Standard Sample Description version 2 (SSD2). These are to be used for the official data reporting phase. This package includes: The Standard Sample Description Version 2 XSD schema definition for PESTICIDE reporting The General and Pesticide Residues SSD2 specific business rules applied for the automatic validation of the submitted datasets Working Document: SSD2 coding of the food and feed samples tested in the frame of the pesticide residue monitoring under Regulation (EC) No 396/2005 and their analytical results (2018 data collection) Two Excel tool for SSD2 XML creation: Excel Tool FLAT and Excel Tool With Methods A working example file for each Excel tool Guidance on the Excel tool for XML creation References to the main Standard Sample Description publications are given in the Related Identifiers
description: EU; PDF; data.collection@efsa.europa.eu
Halichoanolaimus sicaoensis Xiao & Guo 2023, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Xiao, Yueping
name: Guo, Yuqing
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Nematoda
Chromadorea
Chromadorida
Selachinematidae
Halichoanolaimus
Halichoanolaimus sicaoensis

description: Morphological description of Halichoanolaimus sicaoensis sp. nov.
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 68187F8A-72A6-4E33-9EBF-010A5F374658
(Figures 4–5, Table 3)
Type material. Two males and six females were collected from stations SCH1 and SCM 1 in February 2021. Holotype: ♁1 on slide number SC20210217 M11. Paratypes: ♁2 on slide number SC20210217 1M122, ♀ 1 on slide numbers SC20210217 1H11, ♀ 2–5 on slide number SC20210217 1H121 and ♀ 6 on slide number SC20210217 1M122.
Type locality and habitat. All specimens were collected from a mangrove (Avicennia marina) forest in the Sicao wetlands, Tainan City, Taiwan. Station SC: 120°8'7.08″– 120°8'18.24″E, 23°0'4.68″– 23°1' 14.16″N.
Etymology. Species epithet refers to the type locality: Sicao.
description: Published as part of Xiao, Yueping & Guo, Yuqing, 2023, Three new free-living marine nematode species of Subsphaerolaimus Lorenzen, 1978, Halichoanolaimus de Man, 1886 and Belbolla Andrássy, 1973 from mangrove wetlands in Taiwan, pp. 301-322 in Zootaxa 5361 (3) on pages 307-310, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5361.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10146950
Data providers package for reporting Pesticide Residues (official data reporting phase) SSD2
Creators: name: European Food Safety Authority
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: pesticide residues
subject: monitoring
subject: data collection
subject: Standard Sample Description
subject: MRL
subject: Risk Assessment
subject: http://id.agrisemantics.org/gacs/C3009
subject: http://id.agrisemantics.org/gacs/C2724
subject: http://id.agrisemantics.org/gacs/C3204
subject: http://id.agrisemantics.org/gacs/C1146
subject: http://id.agrisemantics.org/gacs/C846
subject: http://id.agrisemantics.org/gacs/C1470
subject: http://id.agrisemantics.org/gacs/C16651

description: Regulation (EC) No 396/2005 on Maximum Residue Levels of pesticides in or on food and feed of plant and animal origin requires the Member States to carry out official controls on pesticide residues in food.  In this framework, EFSA is in charge of collecting and analysing data in order to deliver the annual reports on the results from the national pesticides monitoring activities.

This data providers package provides the data collection configuration and supporting materials for reporting Pesticide Residues in line with the Standard Sample Description version 2 (SSD2). These are to be used for the official data reporting phase.

This package includes:

	The Standard Sample Description Version 2 XSD schema definition for PESTICIDE reporting
	The General and Pesticide Residues SSD2 specific business rules applied for the automatic validation of the submitted datasets
	Working Document: SSD2 coding of the food and feed samples tested in the frame of the pesticide residue monitoring under Regulation (EC) No 396/2005 and their analytical results (2018 data collection)
	Two Excel tool for SSD2 XML creation: Excel Tool FLAT and Excel Tool With Methods
	A working example file for each Excel tool
	Guidance on the Excel tool for XML creation

References to the main Standard Sample Description publications are given in the Related Identifiers
description: EU; PDF; data.collection@efsa.europa.eu
Block Spin Density Matrix of the Inhomogeneous AKLT Model
Creators: name: Xu, Ying
name: Katsura, Hosho
name: Hirano, Takaaki
name: Korepin, Vladimir E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the inhomogeneous generalization of a 1-dimensional AKLT spin chain model. Spins at each lattice site could be different. Under certain conditions, the ground state of this AKLT model is unique and is described by the Valence-Bond-Solid (VBS) state. We calculate the density matrix of a contiguous block of bulk spins in this ground state. The density matrix is independent of spins outside the block. It is diagonalized and shown to be a projector onto a subspace. We prove that for large block the density matrix behaves as the identity in the subspace. The von Neumann entropy coincides with Renyi entropy and is equal to the saturated value.
description: 20 pages
Zooplankton resources and humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae) feeding ecology in South-East Alaska
Creators: name: Dehalt, Annette Christiane
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Recent population changes on the SE-Alaska humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae) feeding ground may be explained as being primarily due to large-scale oceanographic variations that locally affect plankton productivity. It is suggested that the 1978 whale decline in Glacier Bay was due to localized nutrient limitation caused by climate (El Nino)-induced changes in this fjord's circulatory pattern. An assessment of zooplanktonic prey in Frederick Sound in summer 1983 was integrated into a long-term monitoring project of the area, and showed generally similar conditions as the previous season. A slight increase in the krill proportion of plankton swarms, small changes in krill species composition, and the occurrence of a Southern-origin copepod species were the notable exceptions. A comparison between zooplanktonic feeding and non-feeding targets suggested euphausiid biomass (mainly Thysanoessa raschii) to be the most likely stimulus for whale feeding activity. Examination of humpback whale fecal material proved a valuable method to identify dietary components. The local developmental pattern of T. raschii was investigated with regard to its noted importance in humpback whale diet. Dominant life history stages found in 1983 indicated sub-optimal environmental conditions, possibly related to increased coastal warming. Three sub-cohorts were identified in the spring spawning cohort, and developmental timing appeared to be correlated with the whales' migratory pattern.
Ascorbic acid enhances the inhibitory effect of aspirin on neuronal cyclooxygenase-2-mediated prostaglandin E2 production
Creators: name: Candelario-Jalil, E.
name: Akundi, R. S.
name: Bhatia, H. S.
name: Lieb, K.
name: Appel, K.
name: Munoz, E.
name: Hull, M.
name: Fiebich, B. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Subcellular Processes (q-bio.SC)
subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: In the present study, we show that ascorbic acid dose-dependently inhibited interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta)-mediated PGE2 synthesis in the human neuronal cell line, SK-N-SH. Furthermore, in combination with aspirin, ascorbic acid augmented the inhibitory effect of aspirin on PGE2 synthesis. However, ascorbic acid had no synergistic effect along with other COX inhibitors (SC-58125 and indomethacin). The inhibition of IL-1beta-mediated PGE2 synthesis by ascorbic acid was not due to the inhibition of the expression of COX-2 or microsomal prostaglandin E synthase (mPGES-1). Rather, ascorbic acid dose-dependently (0.1-100 microM) produced a significant reduction in IL-1beta-mediated production of 8-iso-prostaglandin F2alpha (8-iso-PGF2alpha), a reliable indicator of free radical formation, suggesting that the effects of ascorbic acid on COX-2-mediated PGE2 biosynthesis may be the result of the maintenance of the neuronal redox status since COX activity is known to be enhanced by oxidative stress. Our results provide in vitro evidence that the neuroprotective effects of ascorbic acid may depend, at least in part, on its ability to reduce neuronal COX-2 activity and PGE2 synthesis, owing to its antioxidant properties. Further, these experiments suggest that a combination of aspirin with ascorbic acid constitutes a novel approach to render COX-2 more sensitive to inhibition by aspirin, allowing an anti-inflammatory therapy with lower doses of aspirin, thereby avoiding the side effects of the usually high dose aspirin treatment.
CONDITIONS OF LIFE OF CHILDREN IN RESIDENCE OF A DEPARTMENT OF BOLIVAR WITH PRESENCE OF Giardia lamblia
Creators: name: Duarte-Amador, Diana
name: Neyder Contreras-Puentes
name: Aparicio-Marenco, Dilia
name: Bautista-Fuentes, Andrés
name: Ángulo-Romero, Heidy
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2019

description: Giardiasis is a disease caused by the microorganism Giardia lamblia, related to the production of diarrhea and capable of affecting all individuals without exception. However, the most vulnerable population is the child population, which can have an impact on nutritional development, general health status, and cognitive aspects. Multiple conditions favor the development and increase of prevalence in this population, such as sanitary conditions, little cultural and educational development, the presence of vectors, lack of attention and prevention by health systems.
EEG-based Cross-Subject Driver Drowsiness Recognition with an Interpretable Convolutional Neural Network
Creators: name: Cui, Jian
name: Lan, Zirui
name: Sourina, Olga
name: Müller-Wittig, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: In the context of electroencephalogram (EEG)-based driver drowsiness recognition, it is still challenging to design a calibration-free system, since EEG signals vary significantly among different subjects and recording sessions. Many efforts have been made to use deep learning methods for mental state recognition from EEG signals. However, existing work mostly treats deep learning models as black-box classifiers, while what have been learned by the models and to which extent they are affected by the noise in EEG data are still underexplored. In this paper, we develop a novel convolutional neural network combined with an interpretation technique that allows sample-wise analysis of important features for classification. The network has a compact structure and takes advantage of separable convolutions to process the EEG signals in a spatial-temporal sequence. Results show that the model achieves an average accuracy of 78.35% on 11 subjects for leave-one-out cross-subject drowsiness recognition, which is higher than the conventional baseline methods of 53.40%-72.68% and state-of-the-art deep learning methods of 71.75%-75.19%. Interpretation results indicate the model has learned to recognize biologically meaningful features from EEG signals, e.g., Alpha spindles, as strong indicators of drowsiness across different subjects. In addition, we also explore reasons behind some wrongly classified samples with the interpretation technique and discuss potential ways to improve the recognition accuracy. Our work illustrates a promising direction on using interpretable deep learning models to discover meaningful patterns related to different mental states from complex EEG signals.
Pursuing Greatness at Math Corps: Changing the Way Students View Math in Detroit through Esprit de Corps
Creators: name: Gardner, Michelle
Publisher: name: University of Chicago
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: achievement gap
subject: summer enrichment
subject: fictive kinship
subject: deficit-based approach

description: The achievement gap has been plaguing educators and researchers for decades. While some find possible answers in psychology, others believe a culturally specific approach to education would provide a resolution, and some believe it to be both. The only way of finding a viable solution is to examine student assessment data, study programs designed to tackle the achievement gap, and decide what can be extrapolated and applied on a larger scale to narrow the gap even further. While there are numerous programs in the United States designed to tackle the achievement gap, Detroit is home to one that advantageously utilizes its university location to prepare African-American children in the city for the adjustments that higher education and life will require from them. By using Math Corps as a case study, this thesis analyzes the success of a program whose leaders focus narrowly on aspects of a child’s education that the leaders do have control over such as course pace, safety, and respect. Discussions surrounding these experiences are relayed through interview transcripts and articles written by Math Corps leadership. These interviews reveal specific ways in which children feel supported and inspired by academic staff through group work and identity-affirming interactions.
Designing light-element materials with large effective spin-orbit coupling
Creators: name: Li, Jiayu
name: Yao, Qiushi
name: Wu, Lin
name: Hu, Zongxiang
name: Gao, Boya
name: Wan, Xiangang
name: Liu, Qihang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spin-orbit coupling (SOC), the core of numerous condensed-matter phenomena such as nontrivial band gap, magnetocrystalline anisotropy, etc, is generally considered to be appreciable only in heavy elements, detrimental to the synthetization and application of functional materials. Therefore, amplifying the SOC effect in light elements is of great importance. Here, focusing on 3d and 4d systems, we demonstrate that the interplay between crystal symmetry and electron correlation can dramatically enhance the SOC effect in certain partially occupied orbital multiplets, through the self-consistently reinforced orbital polarization as a pivot. We then provide design principles and comprehensive databases, in which we list all the Wyckoff positions and site symmetries, in all two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional crystals that potentially have such enhanced SOC effect. As an important demonstration, we predict nine material candidates from our selected 2D material pool as high-temperature quantum anomalous Hall insulators with large nontrivial band gaps of hundreds of meV. Our work provides an efficient and straightforward way to predict promising SOC-active materials, releasing the burden of requiring heavy elements for next-generation spin-orbitronic materials and devices.
description: 26 pages, 1 table, and 3 figures. Supplementary information can be found in the published version
Single-Field Inflation After WMAP5
Creators: name: Alabidi, Laila
name: Lidsey, James E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Single-field models of inflation are analysed in light of the WMAP five-year data. Assuming instantaneous reheating, we find that modular/new inflation models with small powers in the effective inflaton self-interaction are more strongly constrained than previously. The model with a cubic power lies outside the 2 sigma regime when the number of e-folds is less than 60. We also find that the predictions for the intermediate model of inflation do not overlap the 1 sigma region regardless of the power of the monomial potential. We analyse a number of ultra-violet, DBI braneworld scenarios involving both wrapped and multiple-brane configurations, where the inflaton kinetic energy is close to the maximum allowed by the warped geometry. In all cases, we find that the parameters of the warped throat are strongly constrained by observations.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures, revtex4. Figures, table and text updated to match the version that has been accepted to Phys Rev D
Azimuthal decorrelation of forward jets in Deep Inelastic Scattering
Creators: name: Vera, Agustin Sabio
name: Schwennsen, Florian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the azimuthal angle decorrelation of forward jets in Deep Inelastic Scattering. We make predictions for this observable at HERA describing the high energy limit of the relevant scattering amplitudes with quasi-multi-Regge kinematics together with a collinearly improved evolution kernel for multiparton emissions.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures
Magnetic Island Merging: Two-dimensional MHD Simulation and Test-Particle Modeling
Creators: name: Zhao, Xiaozhou
name: Bacchini, Fabio
name: Keppens, Rony
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In an idealized system where four current channels interact in a two-dimensional periodic setting, we follow the detailed evolution of current sheets (CSs) forming in between the channels, as a result of a large-scale merging. A central X-point collapses and a gradually extending CS marks the site of continuous magnetic reconnection. Using grid-adaptive, non-relativistic, resistive magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations, we establish that slow, near-steady Sweet-Parker reconnection transits to a chaotic, multi-plasmoid fragmented state, when the Lundquist number exceeds about ten to the fourth power, well in the range of previous studies on plasmoid instability. The extreme resolution employed in the MHD study shows significant magnetic island substructures. With relativistic test-particle simulations, we explore how charged particles can be accelerated in the vicinity of an O-point, either at embedded tiny-islands within larger "monster"-islands or near the centers of monster-islands. While the planar MHD setting artificially causes strong acceleration in the ignored third direction, it also allows for the full analytic study of all aspects leading to the acceleration and the in-plane-projected trapping of particles in the vicinities of O-points. Our analytic approach uses a decomposition of the particle velocity in slow- and fast-changing components, akin to the Reynolds decomposition in turbulence studies. Our analytic description is validated with several representative test-particle simulations. We find that after an initial non-relativistic motion throughout a monster island, particles can experience acceleration in the vicinity of an O-point beyond 0.7c, at which speed the acceleration is at its highest efficiency
description: 27 pages, 13 figures, to be published in Physics of Plasmas
Field-Theoretic Simulations of Polyelectrolyte Complexation
Creators: name: Popov, Yuri O.
name: Lee, Jonghoon
name: Fredrickson, Glenn H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We briefly discuss our recent field-theoretic study of polyelectrolyte complexation, which occurs in solutions of two oppositely charged polyelectrolytes. Charged systems require theoretical methods beyond the mean-field (or self-consistent field) approximation; indeed, mean-field theory is qualitatively incorrect for such polyelectrolyte solutions. Both analytical (one-loop) and numerical (complex Langevin) methods to account for charge correlations are discussed. In particular, the first application of field-theoretic simulations to polyelectrolyte systems is reported. The polyelectrolyte charge-charge correlation length and a phase diagram are provided; effects of charge redistribution are qualitatively explored.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures, 3 equations, LaTeX; accepted to Journal of Polymer Science B: Polymer Physics; v2: a revised and expanded version, 6 paragraphs of text and about 20 references added
Adsorption-induced deformation of hierarchical organised carbon materials with ordered, non-convex mesoporosity
Creators: name: Ludescher, Lukas
name: Morak, Roland
name: Braxmeier, Stephan
name: Balzer, Christian
name: Putz, Florian
name: Busch, Sebastian
name: Hüsing, Nicola
name: Reichenauer, Gudrun
name: Gor, Gennady Y.
name: Paris, Oskar
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Adsorption-induced deformation of monolithic, hierarchically organised porous carbon materials exhibiting non-convex mesoporosity between hexagonally arranged carbon nanorods was investigated with adsorption dilatometry and small-angle neutron scattering (SANS). n-pentane with zeroscattering length density was used as an adsorbate for SANS. To assess the influence of micropores on deformation, three samples with different degrees of CO2 activation were investigated. The measured strain isotherms show distinct differences as compared to strain isotherms from systems with convex cylindrical mesopores. Strain isotherms deduced from SANS exhibit three different regimes, which are ascribed to a film phase at low-, a bridged phase at intermediate-, and a filled phase at high relative pressures. Evaluating the pore load moduli from SANS and dilatometry, we find an apparent stiffening of the samples on the mesoscale upon activation. We assume that the stiffness of the linkers between the nanorods increases with activation, whereas the elastic modulus of the carbon nanorods is reduced. The results demonstrate that adsorption-induced deformation in these materials with non-convex, interconnected mesopore space strongly depends on structural disorder within and in between the carbon nanorods, and emphasise the importance of strain isotherms as a source of complementary information to classical adsorption analysis.
Superconducting Field Theory (the Unification Theory)
Creators: name: Perez Felipe, Sergio
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 490205
subject: Mathematical aspects of quantum and conformal field theory, quantum gravity and string theory
classificationCode: 510104
subject: Galactic astronomy
classificationCode: 510105
subject: General relativity and gravitational waves
classificationCode: 510106
subject: High energy astrophysics and galactic cosmic rays
classificationCode: 510103
subject: Cosmology and extragalactic astronomy

description: Unification theory with no extra dimensions. The first part unifies the strong nuclear force with the gravitational force in a mathematical way, the second part unifies the nuclear force with the quantum vacuum in a hypothetical structure.
On The Mass and Energy Loading of EUV Brightpoints
Creators: name: McIntosh, Scott W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the appearance of EUV brightpoints (BPs) in the analysis of long-duration observations in the He II 304 Angstrom passband of the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO) Extreme-ultraviolet Imaging Telescope (EIT). The signature of the observed 304 Angstrom passband intensity fluctuations around the BPs suggest that the primary source of the mass and energy supplied to the magnetic structure is facilitated by relentless magnetoconvection-driven reconnection, forced by the magnetic evolution of the surrounding supergranules. Further, we observe that if the magnetic conditions in the supergranules surrounding the footpoints of the cool 304 Angstrom BPs are sufficient (large net imbalance with a magnetic field that closes beyond the boundaries of the cell it originates in) the magnetic topology comprising the BP will begin to reconnect with the overlying corona, increasing its visibility to hotter EUV passbands and possibly Soft X-Rays.
description: 29 pages, 11 color figures, Accepted to appear ApJ - Nov, 1 2007
Proporidae B. S. Sokolov 1950, comb. nov.
Creators: name: Doweld, Alexander B.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Xenacoelomorpha
Acoelomorpha
Acoela
Proporidae

description: Family PROPORIDAE B. S. Sokolov, 1950
 Genus  Leleshusia nom. nov . pro Granulina Leleshus, 1975 nec Jousseaume, 1888.
 T ype species, by original designation under Granulina Leleshus, 1975: Leleshusia granulosa (Bondarenko, 1958) comb. nov. pro Plasmoporella granulosa Bondarenko, 1958 (p. 208).
 Holotype: 1/12 (figured in Bondarenko 1958: tab. 2, fig. 3–4) [Moscow State University Palaeontology Department Collection].
 Generic diagnosis: see Leleshus (1975: 7).
 Stratum typicum: Upper Ordovician (Ashgillian, Dulankaranian horizon).
 Locus typicus: Akdala-saj, Chu-Ili Mountains (Southern Tien Shan), Kazakhstan.
 Stratigraphic and geographic distribution: Upper Ordovician of Chu-Ili Mountains (Bondarenko 1958); Chingiz ridge, Southern Kazakhstan (Kovalevsky 1972); Kuldzhuktau, Uzbekistan (Dziubo 1972); Zeravshan-Gissar Mountains (Kim 1966) of Uzbekistan and Tajikistan (Leleshus 1975); Kolyma-Indigirka basin, Siberia (Sokolov 1955), Middle Urals (Ivanov in Ivanov & Miagkova 1950, 1955), Russia; Ejneqi, Inner Mongolia (Lin 1985), Xinjiang (Lin & Huang 1986) and Qinghai (Yü 1960), China.
 Included species:
 Leleshusia chinghueiensis (Yü, 1960) comb. nov. pro Plasmoporella chinghueiensis Yü, 1960 (p. 87, 101; fig. 3–4).
 Leleshusia ejneqiensis (Lin, 1985) comb. nov. pro Plasmoporella ejneqiensis Lin, 1985 (p. 121–122; tab. 2, fig. 3a–b, fig. 4a–b).
 Leleshusia granulosa (Bondarenko, 1958) comb. nov. (type species).
 Leleshusia kiaeri (Sokolov, 1955) comb. nov. pro Plasmoporella kiaeri Sokolov, 1955 (p. [490]; tab. 81, fig. 1–2).
 Leleshusia major (Lin & Huang, 1986) comb. & stat. nov. pro Plasmoporella marginocystosa ssp. major Lin & Huang, 1986 (p. 136–137, 146; tab. 6, fig. 3a–b, text-fig. 4).
 Leleshusia minor (Ivanov in Ivanov & Miagkova, 1955) comb. nov. pro Plasmoporella minor Ivanov in Ivanov & Miagkova, 1955 (p. 31; tab. 16, fig. 2a–b).
 Leleshusia pura (Kovalevsky, 1972) comb. nov. pro Plasmoporella pura Kovalevsky, 1972 (p. 72; tab. 18, fig. 2).
 Leleshusia typylensis (Ivanov in Ivanov & Miagkova, 1950) comb. nov. pro Plasmoporella typylensis Ivanov in Ivanov & Miagkova, 1950 (p. 13; tab. 2, fig. 3a–b).
description: Published as part of Doweld, Alexander B., 2015, Leleshusia, a new replacement name for Granulina Leleshus, 1975 (Anthozoa: Heliolitoidea) nec Jousseaume, 1888 (Gastropoda: Neogastropoda: Marginellidae), pp. 588-590 in Zootaxa 3986 (5) on pages 588-589, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3986.5.6, http://zenodo.org/record/236242
Enhancing the assessment of critical resource use at the country level with the SCARCE method – Case study of Germany
Creators: name: Bach, Vanessa
name: Finogenova, Natalia
name: Berger, Markus
name: Winter, Lisa
name: Finkbeiner, Matthias
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 628 Sanitär- und Kommunaltechnik; Umwelttechnik
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik
subject: resource use
subject: criticality
subject: availability constraints
subject: sustainable development
subject: Ressourcennutzung
subject: Verfügbarkeitsbeschränkungen
subject: nachhaltige Entwicklung

description: The demand for many resources has increased significantly over the last decades due to their growing importance for industrial and technological development. Thus, various methods were developed to assess availability constraints of resources in relation to their vulnerability within countries and/or sectors (criticality). However, these methods display several short-comings. Thus, the aim of the introduced approach is, to enhance the assessment of critical resource use on country level with the SCARCE method, by considering the two dimensions criticality (with the sub dimensions availability and vulnerability) and societal acceptance (with the sub dimensions compliance with social standards and compliance with environmental standards). For five of the 12 introduced categories measuring availability constraints the country specific import mix is used to determine availability constraints of resources individually for the country under consideration. These results can further be compared with global constraints (which are calculated based on global production data) to determine if the country under consideration performs worse or better than the global average. To measure social aspects the categories small scale mining, geopolitical risk and human rights abuse are introduced. Environmental aspects are considered within the categories sensitivity of the local biodiversity, climate change and water scarcity. Additionally, next to metals also fossil fuels are included allowing a direct comparison of both abiotic resources. The SCARCE method is applied for the case study of Germany for which criticality results are presented and their plausibility is validated. It is shown that for Germany tungsten is the raw material showing high risks in all considered dimensions excluding the sub dimension vulnerability. Its high availability constraints are defined by the categories political stability, primary material use and price fluctuations. Further, due to the countries tungsten is imported from (e.g. Bolivia), its compliance with social and environmental standards is low. To enhance the applicability of the SCARCE method, indicator results are provided for 40 resources to assess their availability constraints as well as their compliance with social and environmental standards.
3 PDF 3D reconstructions from Caimi A, Pasquali M, Sturla F, Pluchinotta FR, Giugno L, Carminati M, Redaelli A, Votta E. Prediction of post-stenting biomechanics in coarcted aortas: A pilot finite element study. J Biomech. 2020 May 22;105:109796. doi: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2020.109796. Epub 2020 Apr 21. PMID: 32423542.
Creators: name: Caimi, Alessandro
name: Pasquali, Matteo
name: Sturla, Francesco
name: Pluchinotta, Francesca R
name: Giugno, Luca
name: Carminati, Mario
name: Redaelli, Alberto
name: Votta, Emiliano
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Aortic coarctation
Finite element modeling
Patient-specific modeling
Transcatheter endovascular stenting

description: 3D reconstructions from the article Caimi A, Pasquali M, Sturla F, Pluchinotta FR, Giugno L, Carminati M, Redaelli A, Votta E. Prediction of post-stenting biomechanics in coarcted aortas: A pilot finite element study. J Biomech. 2020 May 22;105:109796. doi: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2020.109796. Epub 2020 Apr 21. PMID: 32423542. This is the abstract: Endovascular stenting has recently become a standard treatment for native coarctation of the aorta (CoA) in children and young adults, given the efficacy in relieving vessel obstruction with a low incidence of adverse events. Yet, despite the short-term success of the technique, late hypertension remains an endemic risk. To assess the impact of the percutaneous procedure on the aortic wall biomechanics, we designed a novel finite element (FE) protocol for the simulation of endovascular stenting in three patient-specific CoA anatomies, developing a remeshing procedure that allows for coping with different CoA severities. Our FE protocol was able to yield numerical results on stent distortions and stresses, as well as on changes in aortic wall stresses and distensibility. These results were consistent with intraprocedural in-vivo evidences and with previous findings from the literature, and they suggest that our numerical approach could be used to understand the role of patient specific anatomical features (CoA severity and arch type) on the post-stenting aortic biomechanics. If soundly validated on a vast cohort of patients, our approach could support patient selection for the procedure.
Cu-phthalocyanine-mediated nanowindow production on single-wall carbon nanohorn
Creators: name: Stevic, Dragana
name: Furuse, Ayumi
name: Vallejos-Burgos, Fernando
name: Kukobat, Radovan
name: Kaneko, Katsumi
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Space Science
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We report a route for opening nanowindows on graphene wall of single wall carbon nanohorn (SWCNH) aided by copper (II) 2,3,9,10,16,17,23,24-octakis (octyloxy)-29H, 31H-phthalocyanine (CuPc), which acts as a catalyst for nanowindow formation. CuPc is adsorbed on SWCNH from liquid phase and heat treated in oxygen atmosphere to produce nanowindows on the adsorption sites of CuPc. The adsorption isotherms of N2 and Ar on the CuPc-adsorbed SWCNH heat-treated have a low pressure adsorption hysteresis. The low pressure adsorption hysteresis gap of the adsorbed amount difference between the desorption and adsorption branches reaches a maximum at 573 K for both N2 and Ar adsorption. This marked low pressure adsorption hysteresis evidences formation of nanowindows whose size is comparable to the N2 and Ar molecules (0.33–0.34 nm).
title: Ranging patterns and resource use in samango monkeys
Creators: name: Parker, E
Publisher: name: Liverpool John Moores University
Year: 2019

description: Loss and fragmentation of habitat can have significant negative consequences for forest-dwelling species. Understanding how a species uses space in an increasingly fragmented and human-dominated landscape is important to determine the extent to which they can persist in such landscapes. How animals use space is largely determined by the availability of resources and the risk of predation both across time and space and is highly scale-dependent. The aim of this study was to investigate the factors that influence space use at the species level using resource selection functions, at the group level by exploring ranging patterns, and at the individual level by exploring the role of predation risk on the spatial variation in behaviour. Focal observations were collected from two well-habituated groups of samango monkey (Cercopithecus albogularis schwarzi) at the Primate and Predator Project (PPP), as part of the Lajuma Research Centre, South Africa. In addition, instantaneous scan observations from PPP’s historic dataset were used to explore the ranging patterns and resource use of samango monkeys. Space use at both the species and group levels was largely determined by access to highly productive habitat, particularly tall-canopy, indigenous mistbelt forest. At the individual level, perceived predation risk strongly influenced the spatial variation in behaviour, whilst other measures of risk such as habitat visibility, canopy height and distance from sleep site were also important. Distance from sleep site was also associated with an increase in anxiety, indicated by self-directed scratching, in samangos. However, samangos appeared to manage risk across their home range by varying the number of nearby neighbours, thereby sharing the vigilance load between individuals. The findings of this study highlight that space use is highly scale-dependent, and that the spatial and temporal distribution of resources and predation risk largely determines how animals use space at these different scales. Prioritising resources at different scales is therefore central to the development of efficient management plans to ensure the persistence of species in increasingly fragmented and human-dominated landscapes.
Shaping surfaces and interfaces of 2D materials on mica with intercalating water and ethanol
Creators: name: Rauf, Abdul
name: González, José D. Cojal
name: Balkan, Alper
name: Severin, Nikolai
name: Sokolov, Igor M.
name: Rabe, Jürgen P.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plasma Physics
subject: Plant Biology

description: Interfaces between mica and graphene, as well as the transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) MoS2 and WS2, were wetted with water and ethanol, and investigated employing scanning force microscopy and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Below 25% RH, water wets the graphene-mica interface with labyrinthine structures, exhibiting branch widths of about 50 nm for single layers of graphene, increasing to almost an order of magnitude more for four graphene layers. At mica-TMDC interfaces, water films exhibit a transition from labyrinthine to compact morphology upon going from single- to multi-layers of the TMDCs. Ethanol films show a compact morphology at all the interfaces, regardless of the number of 2D material layers on top. The film morphologies are attributed to an equilibrium between electrostatic repulsion of preferentially oriented molecular dipoles, and the line tension of the wetted areas, which is dominated by the deformation of the 2D materials at the edges of the wet areas. The compact front of the water wetting film under multilayers of TMDCs is attributed to a much larger bending stiffness of these materials than of graphene multilayers. The thickness dependent stiffness of the 2D materials may be employed to shape their surfaces from the nano- to the micrometer scale.
Limit cycles in the presence of convection, a travelling wave analysis
Creators: name: Flach, E. H.
name: Schnell, S.
name: Norbury, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35K57

description: We consider a diffusion model with limit cycle reaction functions, in the presence of convection. We select a set of functions derived from a realistic reaction model: the Schnakenberg equations. This resultant form is unsymmetrical. We find a transformation which maps the irregular equations into model form. Next we transform the dependent variables into polar form. From here, a travelling wave analysis is performed on the radial variable. Results are complex, but we make some simple estimates. We carry out numerical experiments to test our analysis. An initial `knock' starts the propagation of pattern. The speed of the travelling wave is not quite as expected. We investigate further. The system demonstrates distinctly different behaviour to the left and the right. We explain how this phenomenon occurs by examining the underlying behaviour.
description: 20 pages, 5 figures
Feature enhancement in AVHRR imagery via probabilistic relaxation labeling methods
Creators: name: Szczechowski, Carl
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: A set of algorithms is described which results in the detection, enhancement, extraction,-^, and identification of features in NOAA-9 AVHRR imagery. Sea ice leads (cracks) in ice images from the Beaufort Sea / Amundsen Gulf area are modelled as "lines" in the image-processing sense. Thermal gradients on the ocean surface are modelled as edges. Emphasis is given to enhancing the output of local line / edge detectors in order to provide improved input for line / edge tracking algorithms. As a result the identification scheme operates on a segmented version of the image rather than on a pixel by pixel basis, thereby providing a less noisy classification. Line / edge enhancement is achieved using the non-linear probabilistic relaxation model of Rosenfeld et al (1976). Results from the relaxation of line detector output suggests that an expanded label (i.e. line orientation) set is preferable to the smaller set suggested by previous studies. Also, a modified form of the original non-linear model (suggested by Peleg and Rosenfeld, 1978) was found to speed up the convergence rate significantly with no degradation in enhancement. A unique set of subjectively-derived compatibility coefficients was introduced into the relaxation with encouraging results. Edge relaxation using the 3x3 template matching edge operators resulted in a relatively poor enhancement due primarily to the vagaries of the edge operator. Improved results were achieved using the "crack" edge representation. A unique relaxation model consisting of a combination of the relaxation models of Prager (1980) and Hanson et al (1980) provided a good enhancement. Classification (i.e. identification) results were excellent for the sea ice lead application. Line brightness and original line detector strength seemed sufficient for differentiating between "strong" leads and "weak" leads as well as discriminating leads from clouds. The classification results were not as good in the edge case indicating that simple characteristics such those used in the line case are not sufficient for classification purposes.
Impact of Differential Dust Settling on the SED and Polarization: Application to the Inner Region of the HL Tau Disk
Creators: name: Ueda, Takahiro
name: Kataoka, Akimasa
name: Zhang, Shangjia
name: Zhu, Zhaohuan
name: Carrasco-González, Carlos
name: Sierra, Anibal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The polarimetric observations on the protoplanetary disk around HL Tau have shown the scattering-induced polarization at ALMA Band 7, which indicates that the maximum dust size is $\sim 100~{\rm μm}$, while the Spectral Energy Distribution (SED) has suggested that the maximum dust size is $\sim$ mm. To solve the contradiction, we investigate the impact of differential settling of dust grains on the SED and polarization. If the disk is optically thick, longer observing wavelength traces more interior layer which would be dominated by larger grains. We find that, the SED of the center part of the HL Tau disk can be explained with mm-sized grains for a broad range of turbulence strength, while $160~{\rm μm}$-sized grains can explain barely only if the turbulence strength parameter $α_{\rm t}$ is lower than $10^{-5}$. We also find that the observed polarization fraction can be potentially explained with the maximum dust size of $1~{\rm mm}$ if $α_{\rm t}\lesssim10^{-5}$, although models with $160~{\rm μm}$-sized grains are also acceptable. However, if the maximum dust size is $\sim3~{\rm mm}$, the simulated polarization fraction is too low to explain the observations even if the turbulence strength is extremely small, indicating the maximum dust size of $\lesssim1$ mm. The degeneracy between 100 ${\rm μm}$-sized and mm-sized grains can be solved by improving the ALMA calibration accuracy or polarimetric observations at (sub-)cm wavelengths.
description: 13 pages, 11 figures. Accepted for publication in ApJ