cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Trauerrede auf Julius Landmann
title: gehalten bei der Bestattungsfeier am 12. November 1931
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Kantorowicz, Hermann
Publisher: name: Bibliothek des Instituts für Weltwirtschaft und Seeverkehr an der Universität Kiel
Year: 1932
Subjects: subject: 330 Wirtschaft
subject: 920 Biografien, Genealogie, Insignien
subject: Nachruf
subject: Landmann, Julius
subject: Lemberg
subject: Kiel

description: Enthält: Verzeichnis der Schriften von Julius Landmann
Quantum trajectories for time-local non-Lindblad master equations
Creators: name: Becker, Tobias
name: Netzer, Ché
name: Eckardt, André
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For the efficient simulation of open quantum systems we often use quantum jump trajectories given by pure states that evolve stochastically to unravel the dynamics of the underlying master equation. In the Markovian regime, when the dynamics is described by a Gorini-Kossakowski-Sudarshan-Lindblad (GKSL) master equation, this procedure is known as Monte-Carlo wavefunction (MCWF) approach . However, beyond ultraweak system-bath coupling, the dynamics of the system is not described by an equation of GKSL type, but rather by the Redfield equation, which can be brought into pseudo-Lindblad form. Here negative dissipation strengths prohibit the conventional approach. To overcome this problem, we propose a pseudo-Lindblad quantum trajectory (PLQT) unraveling. It does not require an effective extension of the state space, like other approaches, except for the addition of a single classical bit. We test the PLQT for the eternal non-Markovian master equation for a single qubit and an interacting Fermi Hubbard chain coupled to a thermal bath and discuss its computational effort compared to solving the full master equation.
Colocalizations of noncommutative spectra and bootstrap categories
Creators: name: Mahanta, Snigdhayan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: K-Theory and Homology (math.KT)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 19Dxx, 46L85, 55Nxx, 55P42, 46L35

description: We construct a compactly generated and closed symmetric monoidal stable $\infty$-category $\mathtt{NSp'}$ and show that $\mathtt{hNSp'}^{op}$ contains the suspension stable homotopy category of separable $C^*$-algebras $\mathtt{ΣHo^{C^*}}$ constructed by Cuntz-Meyer-Rosenberg as a fully faithful triangulated subcategory. Then we construct two colocalizations of $\mathtt{NSp'}$, namely, $\mathtt{NSp'}[\mathbb{K}^{-1}]$ and $\mathtt{NSp'}[\mathcal{Z}^{-1}]$, both of which are shown to be compactly generated and closed symmetric monoidal. We prove that Kasparov $KK$-category of separable $C^*$-algebras sits inside the homotopy category of $\mathtt{KK_\infty} := \mathtt{NSp'}[\mathbb{K}^{-1}]^{op}$ as a fully faithful triangulated subcategory. Hence $\mathtt{KK_\infty}$ should be viewed as the stable $\infty$-categorical incarnation of Kasparov $KK$-category for arbitrary pointed noncommutative spaces (including nonseparable $C^*$-algebras). As an application we find that the bootstrap category in $\mathtt{hNSp'}[\mathbb{K}^{-1}]$ admits a completely algebraic description. We also construct a $K$-theoretic bootstrap category in $\mathtt{hKK_\infty}$ that extends the construction of the UCT class by Rosenberg-Schochet. Motivated by the algebraization problem we finally analyse a couple of equivalence relations on separable $C^*$-algebras that are introduced via the bootstrap categories in various colocalizations of $\mathtt{NSp'}$.
description: 23 pages; v2 introduction rewritten and some other revisions, v3 revised according to referee's comments (to appear in Advances in Mathematics)
Observations in Quantum Cosmology
Creators: name: Chataignier, Leonardo
name: Kiefer, Claus
name: Moniz, Paulo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this review, we focus on whether a canonical quantization of general relativity can produce testable predictions for cosmology. In particular, we examine how this approach can be used to model the evolution of primordial perturbations. This program of quantum geometrodynamics, first advocated by John Wheeler and Bryce DeWitt, has a straightforward classical limit, and it describes the quantum dynamics of all fields, gravitational and matter. In this context, in which a classical background metric is absent, it is necessary to discuss what constitutes an observation. We first address this issue in the classical theory and then turn to the quantum theory. We argue that predictions are relational, that is, relative to physical clocks and rods, and that they can be straightforwardly obtained in a perturbative approach with respect to Newton's constant, which serves as a coupling parameter. This weak-coupling expansion leads to a perturbative Hilbert space for quantum cosmology, and to corrections to the dynamics of quantum fields on a classical, fixed background metric. These corrections imply modifications of primordial power spectra, which may lead to signatures in the anisotropy spectrum of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) radiation, for which we discuss concrete results. We conclude that the subject of quantum geometrodynamics, the oldest and most conservative approach to canonical quantum gravity, not only illuminates conceptual issues in quantum gravitation, but may also lead to observational prospects in cosmology and elsewhere.
description: Invited contribution to Classical and Quantum Gravity Focus Issue: Quantum Gravity Phenomenology in the Multi-Messenger Era: Challenges and Perspectives. v2: updated references, matches published version
Feasibility of using the Automated Self-Administered 24-hour (ASA-24) dietary assessment tool in older adults
Creators: name: Petersen, Curtis
name: Fowler, Michael
name: Gross, Danae
name: Driesse, Tiffany
name: Liang, Xiaohui
name: Spangler, Hillary B
name: Lynch, David H
name: Batsis, John A
Publisher: name: SAGE Publications
Year: 2023

description: 
Background
Dietary patterns can impact the trajectories of healthy aging. However, dietary assessment tools can be challenging to use. With the increased use of technology in older adults, we aimed to evaluate the feasibility of older adults completing the online, Automated Self-Administered 24-h (ASA-24) dietary assessment tool.

Methods
We conducted a randomized, two-period, two-sequence, crossover design of twenty community-dwelling older adults (≥65 years) comparing their preference for completing the ASA-24 alone versus with a research assistant (RA). Participants were recruited via ResearchMatch.com and randomly allocated 1:1 to a sequence of completing both an ASA-24 alone or with an RA, separated by one week. After each session, participants completed an online 11-item feasibility survey (Likert-scale range of 1–5, strongly disagree to strongly agree). Mean and standard deviations were reported for each question.

Results
Mean age was 69 ± 3.5 years (90% females), with no differences were observed for sex, age, race, ethnicity, education, or income. Neither group felt a need for RA assistance (p = 0.34). However, both groups felt the system was easier to follow with the help of an RA (RA: 4.4 ± 1.3, vs. SA 4.6 ± 0.5, p = 0.65), particularly when they completed the ASA-24 alone, first (p = 0.04). When conducting the ASA-24 alone, there was less confidence the system could be learned quickly (SA 4.5 ± 0.5→3.4 ± 1.0 vs RA 3.4 ± 1.0→3.4 ± 0.7, p = 0.001). The ASA-24 was thought to be less cumbersome after repeated exposure in those concluding with the RA.

Conclusion
While older adults were able to complete the ASA-24 independently, the use of an RA led to improved confidence. Enhancing the sample diversity in a larger number of participants could provide helpful data to improve the science of dietary assessment.
Spontaneous CP violation and $μ-τ$ symmetry in two-Higgs-doublet models with flavour conservation
Creators: name: Alves, João M.
name: Botella, Francisco J.
name: Miró, Carlos
name: Nebot, Miguel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In multi-Higgs-doublet models, requiring simultaneously that (i) CP violation only arises spontaneously, (ii) tree level scalar flavour changing couplings are absent and (iii) the fermion mixing matrix is CP violating, can only be achieved in a very specific manner. A general approach with new clarifying insights on the question is presented. Considering the quark sector, that peculiar possibility is not viable on phenomenological grounds. We show that, considering the lepton sector, it is highly interesting and leads to viable models with $μ-τ$ symmetric PMNS matrices. Phenomenological implications of the models, both for Dirac and Majorana (in a type I seesaw scenario) neutrinos, are analysed.
description: 19 pages, 1 figure. Minor changes, matches published version
Some observations on the Green function for the ball in the fractional Laplace framework
Creators: name: Bucur, Claudia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider a fractional Laplace equation and we give a self-contained elementary exposition of the representation formula for the Green function on the ball. In this exposition, only elementary calculus techniques will be used, in particular, no probabilistic methods or computer assisted algebraic manipulations are needed. The main result in itself is not new, however we believe that the exposition is original and easy to follow, hence we hope that this paper will be accessible to a wide audience of young researchers and graduate students that want to approach the subject, and even to professors that would like to present a complete proof in a PhD or Master Degree course.
description: 45 pages, 2 figures
Laser induced surface magnetization in Floquet-Weyl semimetals
Creators: name: Zhang, Runnan
name: Hino, Ken-ichi
name: Maeshima, Nobuya
name: Yogemura, Haruki
name: Karikomi, Takeru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate optically induced magnetization in Floquet-Weyl semimetals generated by irradiation of a circularly-polarized continuous-wave laser from the group II-V narrow gap semiconductor Zn$_3$As$_2$ in a theoretical manner. Here, this trivial and nonmagnetic crystal is driven by the laser with a nearly resonant frequency with a band gap to generate two types of Floquet-Weyl semimetal phases composed of different spin states. These two phases host nontrivial two-dimensional surface states pinned to the respective pairs of the Weyl points. By numerically evaluating the laser-induced transient carrier-dynamics, it is found that both spins are distributed in an uneven manner on the corresponding surface states due to significantly different excitation probabilities caused by the circularly-polarized laser with the nearly resonant frequency. It is likely that such spin-polarized surface states produce surface magnetization, and furthermore the inverse Faraday effect also contributes almost as much as the spin magnetization. To be more specific, excited carries with high density of the order of $10^{21}\: {\rm cm}^{-3}$ are generated by the laser with electric field strength of a few MV/cm to result in the surface magnetization that becomes asymptotically constant with respect to time, around 1 mT. The magnitude and the direction of it depend sharply on both of the intensity and frequency of the driving laser, which would be detected by virtue of the magneto-optic Kerr effect.
description: 20 pages, 8 figures
Two strategies for partner notification and partner HIV self-testing reveal no evident predictors of male partner HIV testing in antenatal settings: A secondary analysis
Creators: name: Mollan, Katie R
name: Chi, Benjamin H
name: Dinwiddie, Matthew K
name: Weideman, Ann Marie K
name: Lungu, Rose
name: Freeborn, Kellie
name: Rosenberg, Nora E
name: Mutale, Wilbroad
name: Kasaro, Margaret
name: Lusaka, Mildred M
name: Kumwenda, Andrew
name: Graybill, Lauren A
Publisher: name: SAGE Publications
Year: 2023

description: BackgroundTo meet global targets for the elimination of mother-to-child HIV transmission, tailored approaches to HIV testing strategies need prioritizing. Herein, we sought to identify individual-level factors associated with male partner HIV testing.MethodsWe conducted a secondary analysis of data from two parallel randomized trials of pregnant women living with HIV and those HIV-negative in Lusaka, Zambia. Across both trials, control groups received partner notification services only, while intervention groups received partner notification services plus HIV self-test kits for their partners. Associations between baseline factors and male partner testing were estimated using a probability difference. The outcome of interest was uptake of male partner HIV testing of any kind within 30 days of randomization.ResultsThe parent study enrolled 326 participants. Among the 151 women in the control groups, no clear associations were noted between maternal or male partner characteristics and reported uptake of male partner HIV testing. There were positive trends favouring partner testing among women who completed primary school education, had larger households (>2 members), and whose partners were circumcised. Likewise, no clear predictors of male partner testing were identified among the 149 women in the intervention groups. However, negative trends favouring no testing were noted among older, multiparous women from larger households.ConclusionNo consistent predictors for male partner HIV testing across two compared strategies were observed. Our findings suggest that differentiated strategies for male partner HIV testing may not be necessary. Instead, consideration should be given to universal approaches when bringing such services to scale.
Sigthoria nilotica Nordenskiold 1905
Creators: name: Pešić, Vladimir
name: Chatterjee, Tapas
name: Bordoloi, Sabitry
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Trombidiformes
Anisitsiellidae
Sigthoria
Sigthoria nilotica

description: Sigthoria nilotica (Nordenskiöld, 1905)
New records: India, Assam State, stream near Hajo, 06.iii.2010, leg. Bordoloi, 1/1/0 (0/1/0 mounted).
Records from the study area: Kerala—“ Pseudatractides pyriformis “ Nayar (1969a).
Remarks: Lundblad (1969) did not feel certain about the locality of his specimens of Sigthoria nilotica, they were either from Calcutta (West Bengal) or Colombo (Sri Lanka).
Habitat: Ponds and slowly flowing streams.
Distribution: Africa, Asia, Australia.
description: Published as part of Pešić, Vladimir, Chatterjee, Tapas & Bordoloi, Sabitry, 2010, A checklist of the water mites (Acari: Hydrachnidia) of India, with new records and description of one new species, pp. 1-54 in Zootaxa 2617 (1) on page 10, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2617.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/197964
Taylor columns and inertial-like waves in a three-dimensional odd viscous liquid
Creators: name: Kirkinis, E.
name: de la Cruz, M. Olvera
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Odd viscous liquids are endowed with an intrinsic mechanism that tends to restore a displaced particle back to its original position. Since the odd viscous stress does not dissipate energy, inertial oscillations and inertial-like waves can become prominent in such a liquid. In this article we show that an odd viscous liquid in \emph{three} dimensions gives rise to such axially symmetric waves and also to plane-polarized waves. We tacitly assume that an anisotropy axis giving rise to odd viscous effects has already been established and proceed to investigate the effects of odd viscosity on fluid flow behavior. Numerical simulations of the full Navier-Stokes equations show the existence of inertial-like waves downstream a body that moves slowly along the axis of an odd viscous liquid-filled cylinder. The wavelength of the numerically-determined oscillations agrees well with the developed theoretical framework. When odd viscosity is the dominant effect in steady motions, a modified Taylor-Proudman theorem leads to the existence of Taylor columns inside such a liquid. Formation of the Taylor column can be understood as a consequence of helicity segregation and energy transfer along the cylinder axis at group velocity, by the accompanying inertial waves, whenever the reflection symmetry of the system is lost. A number of Taylor column characteristics known from rigidly-rotating liquids, are recovered here for a \emph{non-rotating} odd viscous liquid. These include counter-rotating swirling liquid flow above and below a body moving slowly along the anisotropy axis.
Pressure dependence of intra- and interlayer excitons in 2H-MoS$_2$ bilayers
Creators: name: Steeger, Paul
name: Graalmann, Jan-Hauke
name: Schmidt, Robert
name: Kupenko, Ilya
name: Sanchez-Valle, Carmen
name: Marauhn, Philipp
name: Deilmann, Thorsten
name: de Vasconcellos, Steffen Michaelis
name: Rohlfing, Michael
name: Bratschitsch, Rudolf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The optical and electronic properties of multilayer transition metal dichalcogenides differ significantly from their monolayer counterparts due to interlayer interactions. The separation of individual layers can be tuned in a controlled way by applying pressure. Here, we use a diamond anvil cell to compress bilayers of 2H-MoS$_2$ in the gigapascal range. By measuring optical transmission spectra, we find that increasing pressure leads to a decrease in the energy splitting between the A and interlayer exciton. Comparing our experimental findings with ab initio calculations, we conclude that the observed changes are not due to the commonly assumed hydrostatic compression. This effect is attributed to the MoS$_2$ bilayer adhering to the diamond, which reduces in-plane compression. Moreover, we demonstrate that the distinct real-space distributions and resulting contributions from the valence band account for the different pressure dependencies of the inter- and intralayer excitons in compressed MoS$_2$ bilayers.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
Conformally Graded Metamaterials for Elastic Wave Guidance
Creators: name: Dorn, Charles
name: Kochmann, Dennis M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Although metamaterials have been widely used for controlling elastic waves through bandgap engineering, the directed guidance of stress waves in non-periodic structures has remained a challenge. This work demonstrates that spatially graded metamaterials based on conformal mappings present a rich design space for controlling and attenuating wave motion - without the need for bandgaps. Conformal mappings transform an elementary unit cell by scaling and rotation into graded lattices with approximately geometrically similar unit cells. This self-similarity allows for control over the local wave dispersion throughout the metamaterial. As a key mechanism, it is shown that elastic waves cannot propagate through graded unit cells with significant size differences, except at low frequencies. This is exploited to create low-pass elastic wave guides, extending beyond classical bandgap engineering, since bandgaps are not required to achieve wave guiding and attenuation. Experiments confirm the low-pass elastic wave filtering capability of a planar truss metamaterial with conformal grading. Finally, a systematic design of curved metamaterial surfaces is presented, providing a flexible framework for programming low-pass attenuation and wave guiding in three dimensions.
A novel quantum-mechanical interpretation of the Dirac equation
Creators: name: Kiessling, M. K. -H.
name: Tahvildar-Zadeh, A. Shadi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A novel interpretation is given of Dirac's "wave equation for the relativistic electron" as a quantum-mechanical one-particle equation. In this interpretation the electron and the positron are merely the two different "topological spin" states of a single more fundamental particle, not distinct particles in their own right. The new interpretation is backed up by the existence of such bi-particle structures in general relativity, in particular the ring singularity present in any spacelike section of the maximal analytically extended, topologically non-trivial, electromagnetic Kerr-Newman spacetime in the zero-gravity limit (here, "zero-gravity" means the limit $G\to 0$, where $G$ is Newton's constant of universal gravitation). This novel interpretation resolves the dilemma that Dirac's wave equation seems to be capable of describing both the electron and the positron in "external" fields in many relevant situations, while the bi-spinorial wave function has only a single position variable in its argument, not two - as it should if it were a two-particle equation! A Dirac equation is formulated for a ring-like bi-particle which interacts with a static point charges located elsewhere in the topologically non-trivial physical space associated with the moving ring bi-particle, the motion being governed by a de-Broglie-Bohm type law extracted from the Dirac equation. As an application, the pertinent general-relativistic zero-gravity Hydrogen problem is studied in the usual Born-Oppenheimer approximation. Its spectral results suggest that the zero-$G$ Kerr-Newman magnetic moment be identified with the so-called "anomalous magnetic moment of the physical electron," not with the Bohr magneton, so that the ring radius is only a tiny fraction of the electron's Compton wave length.
description: v4: final version, some minus signs (typos) corrected, referees' suggestions incorporated, several new figures, bibliography updated; v5: email address of A.S.T-Z. added, otherwise same as v4
Difference in Postoperative Outcomes and Perioperative Resource Utilization Between General Surgeons and Pediatric Surgeons: A Systematic Review
Creators: name: McLean, Sean E.
name: Phillips, Michael R.
name: Eakes, Ali M.
name: Purcell, Laura N.
name: Akinkuotu, Adesola C.
name: Charles, Anthony G.
name: Burkbauer, Laura
Publisher: name: SAGE Publications
Year: 2023

description: Background: Both general surgeons (GS) and pediatric surgeons (PS) perform a high volume of appendectomies in pediatric patients, but there is a paucity of data on these outcomes based on surgeon training. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to compare postoperative outcomes and perioperative resource utilization for pediatric appendectomies.Methods: We searched PubMed to identify articles examining the association between surgeon specialization and outcomes for pediatric patients undergoing appendectomies. Study selection, data extraction, risk of bias assessment, and quality assessment were performed by one reviewer, with another reviewer to resolve discrepancies.Results: We identified 4799 articles, with 98.4% (4724/2799) concordance after initial review. Following resolution of discrepancies, 16 studies met inclusion criteria. Of the studies that reported each outcome, GS and PS demonstrated similar rates of readmission within 30 days (pooled RR 1.61 95% CI 0.66, 2.55) wound infections (pooled RR 1.07, 95% CI .55, 1.60), use of laparoscopic surgery (pooled RR 1.87, 95% CI .21, 3.53), postoperative complications (pooled RR 1.40, 95% CI .83, 1.97), use of preoperative imaging (pooled RR .98,95% CI .90, 1.05), and intra-abdominal abscesses (pooled RR .80, 95% CI .03, 1.58). Patients treated by GS did have a significantly higher risk of negative appendectomies (pooled RR 1.47, 95% CI 1.10, 1.84) when compared to PS.Discussion: This is the first meta-analysis to compare outcomes for pediatric appendectomies performed by GS compared to PS. Patient outcomes and resource utilization were similar among PS and GS, except for negative appendectomies were significantly more likely with GS.
Two-Dimensional Band Dispersion of Ultra-Flat Hexagonal Bismuthene Grown on Ag(111) Bulk and Quantum-Well Films
Creators: name: Takahashi, Kazutoshi
name: Imamura, Masaki
name: Ikeda, Haruto
name: Koyama, Ryosuke
name: Yamamoto, Isamu
name: Azuma, Junpei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two-dimensional band dispersion of (2$\times$2) superstructure with Bi grown on Ag(111), which has been urged as an ultraflat hexagonal bismuthene, is investigated using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES). The (2$\times$2)-Bi superstructure can be grown on the Ag(111) surface at low temperatures; it transforms into a surface alloy with a ($\sqrt{3}\times\sqrt{3}$) superstructure at 300 K. ARPES measurements reveal the consistency with the band structure of ultraflat bismuthene in previous reports. The band structure of (2$\times$2)-Bi surface remains unchanged with decreasing Ag layer thickness, indicating the limited penetration of Bi p-orbitals into the Ag layer.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
A curious relationship between Potts glass models
Creators: name: Yamaguchi, Chiaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A Potts glass model proposed by Nishimori and Stephen[H. Nishimori and M. J. Stephen, Phys. Rev. B 27, 5644 (1983)] is analyzed by means of the replica mean field theory. This model is a discrete model, has a gauge symmetry, and is called the Potts gauge glass model. By comparing the present results with the results of the conventional Potts glass model, we find the coincidences and differences between the models. We find a coincidence that the property for the Potts glass phase in this model is coincident with that in the conventional model at the mean field level. We find a difference that, unlike in the case of the conventional $p$-state Potts glass model, this system for large $p$ does not become ferromagnetic at low temperature under a concentration of ferromagnetic interaction. The present results support the act of numerically investigating the present model for study of the Potts glass phase in finite dimensions.
description: 8 pages, 1 figure. v3: this is the final version
Vass Street Tree PLan
Creators: name: Read, Henry
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2023

description: This is a street tree plan for Vass, North Carolina, covering the contiguous area of the Town of Vass as of December 2022. It is meant to serve as an advisory public policy document for Vass's street tree planting and maintenance program. It explains the benefits of street trees and trees in other public spaces, situates the pursuit of a street tree program within Vass’s ecological landscape, history, and its current physical and legal environment, establishes goals, policies, and implementation strategies for a street tree program in Vass, and prescribes a suite of appropriate tree species.
Ultrathin films of black phosphorus as suitable platforms for unambiguous observation of the orbital Hall effect
Creators: name: Cysne, Tarik P.
name: Costa, Marcio
name: Nardelli, Marco Buongiorno
name: Muniz, R. B.
name: Rappoport, Tatiana G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Phosphorene, a monolayer of black phosphorus, is a two-dimensional material that lacks a multivalley structure in the Brillouin zone and has negligible spin-orbit coupling. This makes it a promising candidate for investigating the orbital Hall effect independently of the valley or spin Hall effects. To model phosphorene, we utilized a DFT-derived tight-binding Hamiltonian, which is constructed with the pseudo atomic orbital projection method. For that purpose, we use the PAOFLOW code with a newly implemented internal basis that provides a fairly good description of the phosphorene conduction bands. By employing linear response theory, we show that phosphorene exhibits a sizable orbital Hall effect with strong anisotropy in the orbital Hall conductivity for the out-of-plane orbital angular momentum component. The magnitude and sign of the conductivity depend upon the in-plane direction of the applied electric field. These distinctive features enable the observation of the orbital Hall effect in this material unambiguously. The effects of strain and of a perpendicularly applied electric field on the phosphorene orbital-Hall response are also explored. We show that a supplementary electric field applied perpendicular to the phosphorene layer in its conductive regime gives rise to an induced in-plane orbital magnetization.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
Concurrent prescribing of opioids with other sedating medications after cancer diagnosis: a population-level analysis
Creators: name: Merlin, J.S.
name: Kim, K.S.
name: Baggett, C.D.
name: Winn, A.N.
name: Oeffinger, K.C.
name: Check, D.K.
name: Dinan, M.A.
name: Robinson, T.
name: Roberts, M.C.
Publisher: name: Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH
Year: 2022

description: Purpose: Cancer is a major reason for concurrent prescription of opioids with other sedating medications—particularly benzodiazepines and gabapentinoids—yet population-based assessments of the extent and predictors of concurrent prescribing among clinically and demographically diverse patients with cancer are lacking. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of patients with non-metastatic cancer using North Carolina cancer registry data linked with Medicare and private insurance claims (2013–2016). We used modified Poisson regression to assess associations of patient characteristic with adjusted relative risk (aRR) of new concurrent prescribing of opioids with benzodiazepines or gabapentinoids after diagnosis. Results: Overall, 15% of patients were concurrently prescribed opioids with benzodiazepines or gabapentinoids. Characteristics independently associated with an increased risk of concurrent prescribing included cancer type (e.g., aRR cervical vs. colorectal cancer: 1.55, 95% CI: 1.12–2.14); prior use of opioids (aRR: 2.43, 95% CI:2.21–2.67), benzodiazepines (aRR: 4.08, 95% CI: 3.72–4.48), or gabapentinoids (3.82, 95% CI: 3.31–4.39), and premorbid mental health conditions, including substance use disorder (aRR: 1.27, 95% CI: 1.05–1.54). Black and Hispanic patients were less likely to experience concurrent prescribing (aRR, Black vs. White: 0.35, 95% CI: 0.15–0.83; aRR, Hispanic vs. White: 0.75, 95% CI: 0.66–0.85). Conclusion: Approximately 1 in 7 patients with cancer was concurrently prescribed opioids with other sedating medications. Associations between patient characteristics and risk of concurrent prescribing highlight predictors of concurrent prescribing and suggest a rationale for systematic assessment of substance use history at diagnosis. Future research could explore inequitable pain and symptom management and investigate risk of adverse medication-related events.
Constraining Electromagnetic Signals from Black Holes with Hair
Creators: name: Crumpler, Nicole R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We constrain a broad class of "hairy" black hole models capable of directly sourcing electromagnetic radiation during a binary black hole merger. This signal is generic and model-independent since it is characterized by the black hole mass ($M$) and the fraction of that mass released as radiation ($ε$). For field energy densities surpassing the Schwinger limit, this mechanism triggers pair-production to produce a gamma-ray burst. By cross-referencing gravitational wave events with gamma-ray observations, we place upper bounds of $ε<10^{-5}-10^{-4}$ for $10-50$ $M_\odot$ black holes depending on the black hole mass. We discuss the weak detection of a gamma-ray burst following GW150914 and show that this event is consistent with rapid electromagnetic emission directly from a "hairy" black hole with $ε\sim10^{-7}-10^{-6}$. Below the Schwinger limit, ambient charged particles are rapidly accelerated to nearly the speed of light by the strong electromagnetic field. For 1-50 $M_\odot$ black holes and $ε$ ranging from $10^{-20}$ to $10^{-7}$, the typical proton energies are $\sim20$ GeV-20 TeV and electron energies are $\sim0.01-10$ GeV. At these energies, cosmic ray protons and electrons quickly diffuse into the Milky Way's background magnetic field, making it difficult to identify a point source producing them. Overall, constraining $ε$ in this less energetic regime becomes difficult and future constraints may need to consider specific models of "hairy" black holes.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures, 2 tables
WIPI2b recruitment to phagophores and ATG16L1 binding are regulated by ULK1 phosphorylation.
Creators: name: Gubas, Andrea
name: Attridge, Eleanor
name: Jefferies, Harold Bj
name: Nishimura, Taki
name: Razi, Minoo
name: Kunzelmann, Simone
name: Gilad, Yuval
name: Mercer, Thomas J
name: Wilson, Michael M
name: Kimchi, Adi
name: Tooze, Sharon A
Publisher: name: The Francis Crick Institute
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: Signalling & Oncogenes
subject: Signalling & Oncogenes
classificationCode: Chemical Biology & High Throughput
subject: Chemical Biology & High Throughput
classificationCode: Model organisms
subject: Model organisms
classificationCode: Biochemistry & Proteomics
subject: Biochemistry & Proteomics
classificationCode: Cell Biology
subject: Cell Biology
classificationCode: Imaging
subject: Imaging

description: One of the key events in autophagy is the formation of a double-membrane phagophore, and many regulatory mechanisms underpinning this remain under investigation. WIPI2b is among the first proteins to be recruited to the phagophore and is essential for stimulating autophagy flux by recruiting the ATG12-ATG5-ATG16L1 complex, driving LC3 and GABARAP lipidation. Here, we set out to investigate how WIPI2b function is regulated by phosphorylation. We studied two phosphorylation sites on WIPI2b, S68 and S284. Phosphorylation at these sites plays distinct roles, regulating WIPI2b's association with ATG16L1 and the phagophore, respectively. We confirm WIPI2b is a novel ULK1 substrate, validated by the detection of endogenous phosphorylation at S284. Notably, S284 is situated within an 18-amino acid stretch, which, when in contact with liposomes, forms an amphipathic helix. Phosphorylation at S284 disrupts the formation of the amphipathic helix, hindering the association of WIPI2b with membranes and autophagosome formation. Understanding these intricacies in the regulatory mechanisms governing WIPI2b's association with its interacting partners and membranes, holds the potential to shed light on these complex processes, integral to phagophore biogenesis.
Timing and genotype distribution of symptomatic and asymptomatic sapovirus infections and re-infections in a Nicaraguan birth cohort
Creators: name: Becker-Dreps, S.
name: Vinjé, J.
name: Diez-Valcarce, M.
name: Cuadra, E.C.
name: Blandón, P.
name: Browne, H.
name: Bucardo, F.
name: Zepeda, O.
name: González, F.
name: Bowman, N.M.
name: Gutiérrez, L.
name: Reyes, Y.
name: Vielot, N.A.
name: Toval-Ruíz, C.
name: Vílchez, S.
Publisher: name: Elsevier B.V.
Year: 2023

description: Objectives: To characterize the timing and genotype distribution of symptomatic and asymptomatic sapovirus infections and re-infections in a Nicaraguan birth cohort. Methods: Infants (N = 444) were enrolled at 10–14 days of life and observed weekly until 2 years of age. Stool samples were collected for each acute gastroenteritis (AGE) episode, and routine stool samples were collected monthly. Stool samples were tested for sapovirus using RT-qPCR, and positive samples were genotyped. Results: A total of 348 children completed 2 years of AGE weekly surveillance; 93 (26.7%) of them experienced sapovirus AGE. Most infections occurred after 5 months of age and mainly during the second year of life (62.4%, 58/93) and early in the rainy season. Sapovirus screening in all stools from a subset of 67 children who consistently provided samples showed sapovirus infections in 91 of 330 (27.6%) AGE episodes and in 39 of 1350 (2.9%) routine stools. In this subset, the median age at the first sapovirus AGE was 11.2 months (95% CI, 9.3–15.9 months); 38 of 67 (57%) children experienced re-infections, 19 symptomatic and 19 asymptomatic. On average, sapovirus re-infections were reported 7.2 months after symptomatic and 5.3 months after asymptomatic infections. Genogroup GI (64%, 69/108) was the most common detected. Sapovirus GI.1 was more frequently detected in AGE stool samples than in routine stool samples (47.2%, 43/91 vs. 25.6%, 10/39; p 0.005), and re-infection with the same genotype was uncommon. Discussion: The first sapovirus infections occurred at approximately 11 months of age, whereas the median time to symptomatic re-infection was 7.2 months. Re-infections with the same sapovirus genotype were rare during 2 years of life suggesting genotype-specific protection after natural infection.
Electrical detectability of magnon-mediated spin current shot noise
Creators: name: Siegl, Luise
name: Lammel, Michaela
name: Kamra, Akashdeep
name: Huebl, Hans
name: Belzig, Wolfgang
name: Goennenwein, Sebastian T. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A magnonic spin current crossing a ferromagnet-metal interface is accompanied by spin current shot noise arising from the discrete quanta of spin carried by magnons. In thin films, e.g., the spin of so-called squeezed magnons have been shown to deviate from the common value $\hbar$, with corresponding changes in the spin noise. In experiments, spin currents are typically converted to charge currents via the inverse spin Hall effect. We here analyze the magnitude of the spin current shot noise in the charge channel for a typical electrically detected spin pumping experiment, and find that the voltage noise originating from the spin current shot noise is much smaller than the inevitable Johnson-Nyquist noise. Furthermore, we find that due to the local nature of the spin-charge conversion, the ratio of spin current shot noise and Johnson-Nyquist noise cannot be systematically enhanced by tuning the sample geometry, in contrast to the linear increase in dc spin pumping voltage with sample length. Instead, the ratio depends sensitively on material-specific transport properties. Our analysis thus provides guidance for the experimental detection of squeezed magnons through spin pumping shot noise.
description: Revised manuscript title, added paragraph of interpretation of the shot noise enhancement with temperature, added brief discussion of the low temperature limit, references added
A scoping review on multimodal deep learning in biomedical images and texts
Creators: name: Sun, Zhaoyi
name: Lin, Mingquan
name: Zhu, Qingqing
name: Xie, Qianqian
name: Wang, Fei
name: Lu, Zhiyong
name: Peng, Yifan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Computer-assisted diagnostic and prognostic systems of the future should be capable of simultaneously processing multimodal data. Multimodal deep learning (MDL), which involves the integration of multiple sources of data, such as images and text, has the potential to revolutionize the analysis and interpretation of biomedical data. However, it only caught researchers' attention recently. To this end, there is a critical need to conduct a systematic review on this topic, identify the limitations of current work, and explore future directions. In this scoping review, we aim to provide a comprehensive overview of the current state of the field and identify key concepts, types of studies, and research gaps with a focus on biomedical images and texts joint learning, mainly because these two were the most commonly available data types in MDL research. This study reviewed the current uses of multimodal deep learning on five tasks: (1) Report generation, (2) Visual question answering, (3) Cross-modal retrieval, (4) Computer-aided diagnosis, and (5) Semantic segmentation. Our results highlight the diverse applications and potential of MDL and suggest directions for future research in the field. We hope our review will facilitate the collaboration of natural language processing (NLP) and medical imaging communities and support the next generation of decision-making and computer-assisted diagnostic system development.
description: This paper has been accepted by the Journal of Biomedical Informatics
In Vitro Two Photon Imaging of Calcium Dynamics in Hippocampal Adult Neural Stem Cells
Creators: name: Xu, Peng
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: Hippocampal Adult neurogenesis is important in maintaining many cognitive functions, while the disruption of such process can lead to cognitive and affective deficits associated with various brain disorders. Hippocampal Adult neurogenesis begins with the activation of Neural Stem Cells (NSC), which are essential to the new generation of neurons. It has been recognized that NSCs integrates various niche signal inputs to actively maintain its quiescent/activated state, but few studies have focused on the NSC intrinsic activity. Here, we applied in vitro two-photon imaging and computational analysis to investigate the cellular-level NSC calcium dynamics. We’ve confirmed the validity to utilize selected transgenic rat lines, two-photon microscopy and event-based analysis method to record the transient calcium events in hippocampal NSCs. We’ve also discovered robust baseline activity in NSCs. Further analysis suggested, when activated by glutamate, NSCs will express a different intrinsic activity pattern, increasing in the frequency, amplitude, and duration of calcium events compared to the baseline. Our study established a feasible experimental set-up to research on cellular-level NSC intrinsic dynamics.
What is to be done? An examination of the impact of Roman imperialism upon the Ostrogoths and Vandals in Late Antiquity
Creators: name: Wakefield, Thomas Andrew Michael
Publisher: name: Macquarie University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Other education not elsewhere classified

description: This thesis examines the impacts of Roman imperialism upon the Ostrogoths and Vandals in Late Antiquity. Both the Ostrogoths and Vandals took over areas that were important to the Roman Empire and shaped them into kingdoms that benefited their own interests. This all occurred within a complex system of shifting alliances, and pressures from the Eastern Roman Empire, as well as those that resulted internally from aristocratic Romans. These two Germanic groups were heavily influenced by Roman imperialism, which impacted their attitudes towards Roman culture, governmental structures, and even Romans themselves. The kingdoms the Ostrogoths and Vandals ruled over demonstrate their attitudes to all things Roman, even if they adopted aspects of Roman culture. Through examining Roman imperialism, as well as the social, cultural, and governmental structures of Ostrogothic Italy and Vandal North Africa, the long-lasting impact of Rome’s imperial system is shown. This information can provide insight into how imperial systems, particularly ancient ones, might have affected peoples subjected to them.
A Review of the Study Design and Data Collection Process of the CSCC’s Research on Glycemic Variability and Cardiac Arrhythmias
Creators: name: Nguyen, Megan
name: Duan, Zhijie
name: Valint, Arielle
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2023

description: This poster provides a comprehensive examination of the study design and data
collection process of the ARIC ePatch and CGM study. It includes a detailed review
of the devices used, data collection form completion, and raw data retrieval and
processing by programmers. It also exemplifies the collaborative efforts within the
CSCC team, ensuring data validity by effectively resolving any arising issues.
Chemical abundance analysis of symbiotic giants. Metallicity and CNO abundance patterns in 14 northern S-type systems
Creators: name: Gałan, Cezary
name: Mikołajewska, Joanna
name: Hinkle, Kenneth H.
name: Joyce, Richard R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In previous works, we computed abundances for the red giant in nearly four dozen S-type symbiotic systems (SySt). The abundances provide information about metallicity, evolutionary status, and possible memberships in Galactic stellar populations. Here, we extend our studies with a northern hemisphere sample of SySt. This northern sample is dominated by Galactic disk/halo objects, whereas our previous southern sample is heavily biased toward the bulge population. Spectrum synthesis of high-resolution (R$\sim$50000), near-$IR$ spectra using standard LTE analysis and atmospheric models have been used to measure abundances of CNO and elements around the iron peak (Fe, Ti, Ni, Sc) in the atmospheres of the red giant component. The SySt sample shows generally slightly sub-solar metallicity, as expected for an older disk population, with a median at [Fe/H]\,$\sim -0.2$ dex. Enhanced $^{14}$N, depleted $^{12}$C, and decreased $^{12}$C/$^{13}$C indicate that all these giants have experienced the first dredge-up. Comparison with theoretical predictions indicates that additional mixing processes had to occur to explain the observed C and N abundances. Relative O and Fe abundances agree with those represented by Galactic disc and bulge giant populations in the {\sl APOGEE} data, with a few cases that can be attributed to membership in the extended thick-disc/halo. As an interesting byproduct of this study, we observed a blue-shifted additional component on the wings of absorption lines in the spectra of AG Peg which could be connected with accretion onto the hot component.
description: 10 pages + 3 appendixes
Strange and nonstrange baryon spectra in the relativistic interacting quark-diquark model with a Gürsey and Radicati-inspired exchange interaction
Creators: name: Santopinto, E.
name: Ferretti, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The relativistic interacting quark-diquark model, constructed in the framework of point form dynamics, is extended to strange baryons. The strange and nonstrange baryon spectra are calculated and compared with the experimental data.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1410.0590