cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Lack of Credibility in Food Markets - Driving Medium Quality Food Out of the Market
Creators: name: Christensen, Jan
name: Graversen, Jesper T.
name: Christensen, Jan
name: Graversen, Jesper T.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: adverse selection
subject: asymmetric information
subject: consumer behavior
subject: product differentiation
subject: uncertainty

description: Some food markets are dominated by high quality and standard quality segments, whereas medium quality products are almost absent. A modeling framework with asymmetric information regarding true quality of the products and the resulting lack of consumer confidence is presented. Uncertainty regarding the quality of alleged medium quality products provides certain consumer groups to divert consumptions away from medium quality to either standard or high quality products. These countervailing incentives explain the missing medium quality products. Empirical examples are given to motivate the model.
Additional file 1 of To evaluate the impact of opening up ownership of pharmacies in South Africa
Creators: name: Rajatheran Moodley
name: Suleman, Fatima
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Active pharmacies in the eastern cape: registered pre-regulation.
An efficient quantum secret sharing scheme with Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen Pairs
Creators: name: Deng, Fu-Guo
name: Long, Gui Lu
name: Zhou, Hong-Yu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An efficient quantum secret sharing scheme is proposed. In this scheme, the particles in an entangled pair group form two particle sequences. One sequence is sent to Bob and the other is sent to Charlie after rearranging the particle orders. Bob and Charlie make coding unitary operations and send the particles back. Alice makes Bell-basis measurement to read their coding operations.
description: 7 pages 2 figures. The revised version of the paper published in Physics Letters A 340 (2005) 43-50. A way for preventing the dishonest agent from eavesdropping with a fake signal is presented
System size, energy and pseudorapidity dependence of directed and elliptic flow at RHIC
Creators: name: Manly, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: PHOBOS measurements of elliptic flow are presented as a function of pseudorapidity, centrality, transverse momentum, energy and nuclear species. The elliptic flow in Cu-Cu is surprisingly large, particularly for the most central events. After scaling out the geometry through the use of an alternative form of eccentricity, called the participant eccentricity, which accounts for nucleon position fluctuations in the colliding nuclei, the relative magnitude of the elliptic flow in the Cu-Cu system is qualitatively similar to that measured in the Au-Au system.
description: Presented at the 18th International Conference on Ultra-Relativistic Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions in Budapest, Hungary, Aug. 4-9, 2005
Probing the topological structure of the QCD vacuum with overlap fermions
Creators: name: Ilgenfritz, E. -M.
name: Koller, K.
name: Koma, Y.
name: Schierholz, G.
name: Streuer, T.
name: Weinberg, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Overlap fermions implement exact chiral symmetry on the lattice and are thus an appropriate tool for investigating the chiral and topological structure of the QCD vacuum. We study various chiral and topological aspects on Luescher-Weisz-type quenched gauge field configurations using overlap fermions as a probe. Particular emphasis is placed upon the analysis of the spectral density and the localisation properties of the eigenmodes as well as on the local structure of topological charge fluctuations.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures, talk given at the Workshop on Computational Hadron Physics, Nicosia, Cyprus, September 14-17, 2005; v2: Fig.6 corrected, statistics in Fig. 4-6 increased, minor text changes
The Impact of Vertical Coordination on Supplier Access to Finance and Investments: Evidence from the Polish Dairy Sector
Creators: name: Dries, Liesbeth
name: Swinnen, Johan F.M.
name: Dries, Liesbeth
name: Swinnen, Johan F.M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: Industrial Organization
subject: Poland
subject: dairy sector
subject: vertical coordination
subject: investments

description: Agricultural credit and rural finance problems are important constraints on restructuring, investment, and thus on recovery and growth in transition countries. In this paper we study agricultural investments and financing in Polish agriculture. Our empirical evidence is based on a 2001 survey of both dairy producing rural households and dairy companies in the North-East of Poland. Dairy companies have played an important role in financial assistance, in particular for dairy-specific investments. In addition, they had an important indirect impact on farm activities and investments through feed supply, and loan guarantee programs.
The conceptualization of time and the constancy of the speed of light
Creators: name: Guerra, Vasco
name: de Abreu, Rodrigo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we show that the null result of the Michelson-Morley experiment in vacuum is deeply connected with the notion of time. It can be deduced without any mathematics only from the assumption that all good clocks can be used to measure time with the same results, independently of the machinery involved in their manufacturing. A second important assumption, intrinsic to the very notion of time, is that clocks measure time in the same way in different frames, i.e., the notion of time is the same in all inertial frames. Under this assumption, we point out that the "postulate" of constancy of the "two-way" speed of light in vacuum in all frames independently of the state of motion of the emitting body is also strongly related to the concept of time, together with the existence of a limit speed in the "rest frame". This postulate simply results from the construction of clocks where tic-tacs are made by objects traveling with the limit speed.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Analogy Seeded Mind-Maps : a directed design-by-analogy technique
Creators: name: Marshall, Kervin Scott
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2021
Subjects: Engineering design
Design methodology
Design-by-analogy
Mind-Map
Concept generation

description: Engineering design researchers have sought to harness the power of analogy in the design process through the development of directed design-by-analogy techniques. The majority of these techniques focus on identifying potential analogies as opposed to the application of the analogies to a design problem. The Analogy Seeded Mind-Map tool was created to provide designers a way to utilize the identified analogies to solve their design problem. The utility of the method was demonstrated across design activities utilizing both prescribed design problems and more traditional, open-ended design problems. Designers utilizing the method were able to come up with numerous potential solutions to their design problem through the analogical relationship between key functional verbs and related verbal analogies. A series of experiments was performed to determine if it was possible to identify relational or independent properties of the verbal analogies that have a statistically significant effect on evaluation metrics of the concepts generated. The first experiment evaluated the effect of analogical distance as measured by the path length between two verbs in the structure of an online verbal synonym database. The study showed an inconclusive effect of this measure of analogical distance on the evaluation metrics. The second experiment evaluated the effect of word familiarity and the number of definitions of a word on the quantity of concepts generated. Familiarity was assessed utilizing a survey administered prior to the concept generation exercise and the number of definitions was determined by referencing a standard dictionary. The study showed an inconclusive effect of familiarity and number of definitions on the evaluation metrics. The third experiment evaluated the alternative representation of analogies as pictures on the evaluation metrics. Pictorial representation of analogies resulted in a statistically significant increase in the novelty of concepts generated. The fourth and final experiment compared the performance of verbally related and unrelated words on the quantity, quality, and novelty of concepts generated. There was not a statistically significant difference observed for the quantity, quality, or novelty of the concepts generated using related and unrelated verbs. However, related verbs demonstrated an increased efficiency (quality ideas vs total ideas) compared to unrelated words.
Trust as a Determinant of Consumer Behaviour in Food Safety Crises
Creators: name: Dierks, Leef H.
name: Hanf, C.-Hennig
name: Dierks, Leef H.
name: Hanf, C.-Hennig
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: consumer behaviour
subject: uncertainty
subject: trust
subject: food safety

description: Based on an enhancement of Ajzen's Theory of Planned Behaviour, this article investigates German consumers' trust in different sources of information. Moreover, it discusses the settings and the extent to which consumers' trust influences consumers' behaviour both in the case of a standard purchasing situation and in the environment of a hypothetical food safety incidence such as bird flu . Results indicate that both the consumers' attitude and their trust in suppliers of information is a crucial factor determining their behaviour under uncertainty.
Estimation of the Number of Sources in Unbalanced Arrays via Information Theoretic Criteria
Creators: name: Fishler, Eran
name: Poor, H. Vincent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Estimating the number of sources impinging on an array of sensors is a well known and well investigated problem. A common approach for solving this problem is to use an information theoretic criterion, such as Minimum Description Length (MDL) or the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC). The MDL estimator is known to be a consistent estimator, robust against deviations from the Gaussian assumption, and non-robust against deviations from the point source and/or temporally or spatially white additive noise assumptions. Over the years several alternative estimation algorithms have been proposed and tested. Usually, these algorithms are shown, using computer simulations, to have improved performance over the MDL estimator, and to be robust against deviations from the assumed spatial model. Nevertheless, these robust algorithms have high computational complexity, requiring several multi-dimensional searches. In this paper, motivated by real life problems, a systematic approach toward the problem of robust estimation of the number of sources using information theoretic criteria is taken. An MDL type estimator that is robust against deviation from assumption of equal noise level across the array is studied. The consistency of this estimator, even when deviations from the equal noise level assumption occur, is proven. A novel low-complexity implementation method avoiding the need for multi-dimensional searches is presented as well, making this estimator a favorable choice for practical applications.
description: To appear in the IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing
Arguments for F-theory
Creators: name: Boya, Luis J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: After a brief review of string and $M$-Theory we point out some deficiencies. Partly to cure them, we present several arguments for ``$F$-Theory'', enlarging spacetime to $(2, 10)$ signature, following the original suggestion of C. Vafa. We introduce a suggestive Supersymmetric 27-plet of particles, associated to the exceptional symmetric hermitian space $E_{6}/Spin^{c}(10)$. Several possible future directions, including using projective rather than metric geometry, are mentioned. We should emphasize that $F$-Theory is yet just a very provisional attempt, lacking clear dynamical principles.
description: To appear in early 2006 in Mod. Phys. Lett. A as Brief Review
A comparison of superradiance and negative-phase-velocity phenomenons in the ergosphere of a rotating black hole
Creators: name: Setiawan, Sandi
name: Mackay, Tom G.
name: Lakhtakia, Akhlesh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The propagation of electromagnetic plane waves with negative phase velocity (NPV) in the ergosphere of a rotating black hole has recently been reported. A comparison of NPV propagation and superradiance is presented. We show that, although both phenomenons involve negative energy densities, there are two significant differences between them.
description: Figure 2 in the version published in Phys Lett A is corrected in the arxiv version
Westerhoff, Matthias: Auferstehung und Jenseits im koptischen >>Buch der Auferstehung Jesu Christi, unseres Herrn
Creators: name: Müller, Caspar Detlef G.
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 85 (2001): Oriens christianus, Band 85
Additional file 1 of Molecular characterization of Plasmodium falciparum DNA-3-methyladenine glycosylase
Creators: name: Nattapon Pinthong
name: Paviga Limudomporn
name: Jitlada Vasuvat
name: Poom Adisakwattana
name: Pongruj Rattaprasert
name: Chavalitshewinkoon-Petmitr, Porntip
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Comparison of nucleotide sequence of MAG of Plasmodium falciparum K1 with 3D7 strain. Figure S2. Comparison of deduced amino acid sequence of MAG of Plasmodium falciparum K1 with 3D7 strain. Figure S3. Amino acid sequence alignment of DNA-3-methyladenine glycosylase and active site region.
Collective Action for Integrated Community Watershed Management in Semi-Arid India: Analysis of Multiple Livelihood Impacts and the Drivers of Change
Creators: name: Shiferaw, Bekele A.
name: Bantilan, Ma Cynthia S.
name: Wani, Suhas
name: Sreedevi, T.K.
name: Rao, G.D. Nageswara
name: Shiferaw, Bekele A.
name: Bantilan, Ma Cynthia S.
name: Wani, Suhas
name: Sreedevi, T.K.
name: Rao, G.D. Nageswara
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: Spatial and temporal attributes of watersheds and associated market failures require institutional arrangements for coordinating use and management of natural resources. Effective collective action (CA) for watershed management has the potential to provide multiple economic and environmental benefits - tangible and non-tangible - to rural communities. This allows smallholder farmers to jointly invest in management practices that provide collective benefits to community members. The functions of the group can also extend to include provision of new services like collective marketing of products and essential inputs. While watershed management contributes to resource productivity and sustainability, increased commercialization and market access open opportunities to diversify into high-value crops, creating incentives for agricultural intensification. However, evaluating the multi-faceted impacts of integrated watershed management interventions is complicated by problems of measurement, valuation and attribution. While, more rigorous methods for evaluating such impacts in the context of developing countries are beginning to emerge, this study employs a mix of qualitative and quantitative methods for evaluating these multi-faceted impacts from a case study of a watershed project in semi-arid India. Results from qualitative insights are confirmed through econometric analyses and empirical measurements using proper count erfactuals. The study analyses the drought mitigation, economic and environmental gains along with linked benefits for commercialization of production and increased farmer participation in markets.
Resolved photon and multi-component model for $γ^*$p and $γ^* γ^*$ scattering at high energies
Creators: name: Pietrycki, Tomasz
name: Szczurek, Antoni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We generalize our previous model for $γ^* p$ scattering to $γγ$ scattering. In the latter case the number of components naturally grows. When using the model parameters from our previous $γ^* p$ analysis the model cross section for $γγ$ scattering is larger than the corresponding LEP2 experimental data by more than a factor of two. However, performing a new simultaneous fit to $γ^* p$ and $γγ$ total cross section we can find an optimal set of parameters to describe both processes. We propose new measures of factorization breaking for $γ^* γ^*$ collisions and present results for our new model.
description: 23 pages, 10 figures
[Letter from Johan Nordal Fischer Wille]
Creators: name: Wille, Johan Nordal Fischer
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1892
Subjects: Cramer, Carl Edouard
Cranner, Barthold Hansteen
Lagerheim, Nils Gustaf
Levi-Morenos (editor of Notarisia)

description: Invitation to study physiological anatomy together if you will pay a visit to Aas; welcome to Christiania.
Measurement of the onset of nucleate boiling in liquid xenon
Creators: name: Breur, P. A.
name: Ortega, G. S.
name: Rowson, P. C.
name: Saldanha, R.
name: Mong, B.
name: Oriunno, M.
name: Mo, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the first precision measurement of the superheat temperature required for bubble nucleation in liquid xenon of $ΔT_{wall,ONB}$ = (16.9$\pm$0.5) K and $ΔT_{wall,ONB}$ = (19.2$^{+0.4}_{-1.1}$) K at pressures of P = $(0.98\pm0.02)$ bar and P = $(1.32^{+0.05}_{-0.01})$ bar, respectively. Both are measured at a subcooled bulk fluid temperature of $\sim$ 162 K. A dedicated liquid xenon setup is used to measure the temperature at which bubble nucleation first appears on the flat surface of a resistor. The associated average heat flux at the surface of the resistor is determined using fluid dynamics simulations. Future experiments can use these experimental results to determine the likelihood of boiling in liquid xenon and to design effective thermal sinks that prevent bubble nucleation.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures
Enhancing the Access of Rural Households to Output Markets for Increased Farm Incomes
Creators: name: Adejobi, A.O.
name: Amaza, P.S.
name: Ayoola, Gbolagade Babalola
name: Adejobi, A.O.
name: Amaza, P.S.
name: Ayoola, Gbolagade Babalola
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Farming households
subject: output markets
subject: farm incomes
subject: Nigeria

description: In spite of various agricultural development efforts by national and international agencies, which have brought about technological innovations such as improved crop varieties and animal breeds as well as better production techniques, the resultant increase in farm output has not necessarily translated to increased farm income for farmers in Nigeria. This is mostly due to lack of market access and other market related factors. Suffice it to say that the development efforts had hitherto concentrated on the upstream agriculture at the expense of the downstream. Thus the objective of this study is to determine the role of market factors in the translation of incremental agricultural outputs into incremental farm incomes of rural households. Data from 400 households, randomly selected from 100 villages spread across 10 Local Government Areas in the four Agricultural Development Programme (ADP) Zones of Kebbi state, Nigeria were used to model the effect of some market-specific factors on rural households' farm income using Tobit Regression analysis. The result of the analysis revealed that the distance of the farm to the market, cost of transportation, medium of sales of farm produce, fees paid for space to display farm produce in the market and lack of up-to-date market information, had significant impacts on the farm income accruable to rural farming households in the study area. In addition to these, cost of transportation contributed the highest to the transaction cost of marketing farm produce. Therefore, the policies for increasing farming households' income require an integrated approach to intervention in downstream agriculture to enhance the market access, particularly in the area of fees paid to display farm produce in the market and transportation.
Hybrid Quantum Interferometer in Bifurcation Mode as a Latching Quantum Readout
Creators: name: Shelly, Connor D
name: Checkley, Christopher
name: Petrashov, Victor T
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have developed a new type of magnetometer consisting of a Hybrid Quantum Interference Device (HyQUID) that is set in a bi-stable state. We demonstrate its operation in a latching mode that can be employed to measure small changes in the applied flux. The device can be used to probe the flux state of a superconducting circuit using straightforward electrical resistance measurements, making it suitable as a simple qubit readout with low back-action.
Additional file 1 of Yearly variation in the structure and diversity of a non-breeding passerine bird community in a Mediterranean wetland
Creators: name: Arizaga, Juan
name: Alonso, Daniel
name: Ariñe Crespo
name: Esparza, Xabier
name: Efrén Fernández
name: Iñigo López
name: Martín, David
name: Vilches, Antonio
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Number of sampling days, per month and year, at Badina Escudera. Table S2. Mean values of the mean and minimum temperature and accumulated precipitation (Tmean, Tmin, Prec, as in Table 2) at Badina de Escudera, during the three time units considered in this study.
The Effects of Strengthened IPR Regimes on the Plant Breeding Sector in Developing Countries
Creators: name: Eaton, Derek J.F.
name: Tripp, Robert
name: Louwaars, Niels P.
name: Eaton, Derek J.F.
name: Tripp, Robert
name: Louwaars, Niels P.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: This paper analyzes the effect of intellectual property rights (IPR) regimes on the plant breeding sector in developing countries. Most of these countries have implemented a system of plant variety protection (PVP), or are in the process of doing so, generally as part of their obligations under the Agreement on Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property (TRIPS) of the World Trade Organization (WTO). This paper presents the results of research on the initial effects of IPRs on the plant breeding sector in five case study countries (China, Colombia, India, Kenya and Uganda). Three of the countries have PVP systems in place and the other two are in the process of either developing or implementing legislation. But the ease of implementing PVP seems to have been overestimated. Opportunities to minimize the transaction costs of acquiring and enforcing rights are being missed. Detailed interviews with both domestic and international seed companies suggest that PVP can not be expected to initiate the development of a commercial seed sector. But a well functioning system can play a role in stimulating further development of the sector, although a measured approach to increasing the scope of protection will probably better balance interests than rapid adoption standards of industrialized countries. The results also highlight the particular challenges facing national agricultural research institutes in determining how to best make use of IPRs, such as PVP, particularly given broader changes in publicly-financed agricultural research.
Additional file 3 of Progression of regional lung strain and heterogeneity in lung injury: assessing the evolution under spontaneous breathing and mechanical ventilation
Creators: name: Hurtado, Daniel E.
name: Erranz, Benjamín
name: Lillo, Felipe
name: Sarabia-Vallejos, Mauricio
name: Iturrieta, Pablo
name: Morales, Felipe
name: Blaha, Katherine
name: Medina, Tania
name: Diaz, Franco
name: Cruces, Pablo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Additional file 3: Table S1. Individual physiologic data for both groups. (a) SB-group at T1, (b) SB-group at T3, (c) MV-group at T1, (d) MV-group at T3.
A Strategic Perspective on the Impact of Food Safety Standards on Developing Countries
Creators: name: Henson, Spencer J.
name: Jaffee, Steven
name: Henson, Spencer J.
name: Jaffee, Steven
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Agriculture
subject: Food
subject: Trade
subject: Food Safety
subject: Standards
subject: Technical barriers to Trade

description: This paper explores the competing concepts of 'standards as barriers' and standards as catalysts' in the context of food safety standards in international trade in agricultural and food products. It is suggested that food safety standards can act as both a barrier to trade and the basis of competitive positioning for developing countries in international markets. This suggests that the application of a strategic framework to analyze and assess alternative responses to evolving food safety standards can throw some light on the circumstances under which standards act to prohibit trade or, alternatively, create competitive trade opportunities. The use of such a framework is illustrated through a brief case study of fish and fishery product exports from Kenya and India.
Orthogonal polynomials with discontinuous weights
Creators: name: Chen, Yang
name: Pruessner, Gunnar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we present a brief description of a ladder operator formalism applied to orthogonal polynomials with discontinuous weights. The two coefficient functions, A_n(z) and B_n(z), appearing in the ladder operators satisfy the two fundamental compatibility conditions previously derived for smooth weights. If the weight is a product of an absolutely continuous reference weight w_0 and a standard jump function, then A_n(z) and B_n(z) have apparent simple poles at these jumps. We exemplify the approach by taking w_0 to be the Hermite weight. For this simpler case we derive, without using the compatibility conditions, a pair of difference equations satisfied by the diagonal and off-diagonal recurrence coefficients for a fixed location of the jump. We also derive a pair of Toda evolution equations for the recurrence coefficients which, when combined with the difference equations, yields a particular Painleve IV.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures, JPA style
Abundance of correlated insulating states at fractional fillings of WSe$_{2}$/WS$_{2}$ moiré superlattices
Creators: name: Xu, Yang
name: Liu, Song
name: Rhodes, Daniel A
name: Watanabe, Kenji
name: Taniguchi, Takashi
name: Hone, James
name: Elser, Veit
name: Mak, Kin Fai
name: Shan, Jie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum particles on a lattice with competing long-range interactions are ubiquitous in physics. Transition metal oxides, layered molecular crystals and trapped ion arrays are a few examples out of many. In the strongly interacting regime, these systems often exhibit a rich variety of quantum many-body ground states that challenge theory. The emergence of transition metal dichalcogenide moiré heterostructures provides a highly controllable platform to study long-range electronic correlations. Here we report an observation of nearly two-dozen correlated insulating states at fractional fillings of a WSe$_{2}$/WS$_{2}$ moiré heterostructure. The discovery is enabled by a new optical sensing technique that is built on the sensitivity to dielectric environment of the exciton excited states in single-layer semiconductor WSe$_{2}$. The cascade of insulating states exhibits an energy ordering which is nearly symmetric about filling factor of half electron (or hole) per superlattice site. We propose a series of charge-ordered states at commensurate filling fractions that range from generalized Wigner crystals to charge density waves. Our study lays the groundwork for utilizing moiré superlattices to simulate a wealth of quantum many-body problems that are described by the two-dimensional t-V model or spin models with long-range charge-charge and exchange interactions.
Mopra Observations of G305.2+0.2: Massive Star Formation at Different Evolutionary Stages?
Creators: name: Walsh, Andrew J.
name: Burton, Michael G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have successfully used a new on-the-fly mapping technique with the Mopra radiotelescope to image G305.2+0.2 in transitions of 13CO, HCO+, N2H+, CH3CN and CH3OH. All these species appear to be concentrated towards the infrared-quiet methanol maser site G305A (G305.21+0.21). We suggest that this region contains an extremely deeply embedded site of massive star formation, with comparable qualities to the low mass Class 0 stage. The infrared-bright methanol maser site G305B (G305.21+0.20) also exhibits emission in all the mapped transitions, but always at a lower level. We suggest this is because it harbours a site of massive star formation older and more developed than G305.21+0.21. All transitions appear to be extended beyond the size of the Mopra beam (30"). 13CO and HCO+ line wings are suggestive of an outflow in the region, but the spatial resolution of these data is insufficient to identify the powering source. A narrow-lined (1.6 km/s compared to a typical line FWHM of 6.4 km/s) N2H+ source (G305SW) is found 90" to the south-west of the main star forming centres, which does not correspond to any CH3CN or CH3OH source, nor does it correspond well to 13CO or HCO+ emission in the vicinity. We suggest this may be a massive, cold, quiescent and possibly prestellar core.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
Studying Attention Models in Sentiment Attitude Extraction Task
Creators: name: Rusnachenko, Nicolay
name: Loukachevitch, Natalia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In the sentiment attitude extraction task, the aim is to identify <> -- sentiment relations between entities mentioned in text. In this paper, we provide a study on attention-based context encoders in the sentiment attitude extraction task. For this task, we adapt attentive context encoders of two types: (i) feature-based; (ii) self-based. Our experiments with a corpus of Russian analytical texts RuSentRel illustrate that the models trained with attentive encoders outperform ones that were trained without them and achieve 1.5-5.9% increase by F1. We also provide the analysis of attention weight distributions in dependence on the term type.
description: This is a preprint of an article published in the Proceedings of the 25th International Conference on Natural Language and Information Systems. The final authenticated publication is available online at https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-51310-8_15
Empirical Assessment of Baseline Conservation Tillage Adoption Rates and Soil Carbon Sequestration in the Upper Mississippi River Basin
Creators: name: Kurkalova, Lyubov A.
name: Kurkalova, Lyubov A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy

description: The study proposes a methodology for developing a carbon sequestration baseline attributable to the current use of conservation tillage. An integral component of the methodology is the explicit acknowledgment that there is an uncertainty in the baseline because of the uncertainty associated with the use of econometrically estimated models. The results of applying the method to a major crop production area, the Upper Mississippi River Basin in the central United States, are reported for two major crops in the region, corn and soybeans. The approach to estimation of the baseline should be readily transferable to other geographic areas and conservation practices.
Reflections and Standing Waves on the Tianlai Cylinder Array
Creators: name: Li, Jixia
name: Wu, Fengquan
name: Sun, Shijie
name: Yu, Zijie
name: Zuo, Shifan
name: Liu, Yingfeng
name: Wang, Yougang
name: Zhang, Cong
name: Ansari, Reza
name: Timbie, Peter
name: Chen, Xuelei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In 21~cm intensity mapping, the spectral smoothness of the foreground is exploited to separate it from the much weaker 21~cm signal. However, the non-smooth frequency response of the instrument complicates this process. Reflections and standing waves generate modulations on the frequency response. Here we report the analysis of the standing waves in the bandpass of the signal channels of the Tianlai Cylinder Array. By Fourier transforming the bandpass into the delay time domain, we find various standing waves generated on the telescope. A standing wave with time delay at about 142 ns is most clearly identified which is produced in the 15 meter feed cable. We also find a strong peak at a shorter delay of $τ< 50 \ns$, which may be a mix of the standing wave between the reflector and feed, and the standing wave on the 4 m intermediate frequency (IF) cable. We also show that a smoother frequency response could be partially recovered by removing the reflection-inducted modulations. However, the standing wave on the antenna is direction-dependent, which poses a more difficult challenge for high precision calibration.
description: 15 pages, 12 figures
Quantum algorithm for a generalized hidden shift problem
Creators: name: Childs, Andrew M.
name: van Dam, Wim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Consider the following generalized hidden shift problem: given a function f on {0,...,M-1} x Z_N satisfying f(b,x)=f(b+1,x+s) for b=0,1,...,M-2, find the unknown shift s in Z_N. For M=N, this problem is an instance of the abelian hidden subgroup problem, which can be solved efficiently on a quantum computer, whereas for M=2, it is equivalent to the dihedral hidden subgroup problem, for which no efficient algorithm is known. For any fixed positive epsilon, we give an efficient (i.e., poly(log N)) quantum algorithm for this problem provided M > N^epsilon. The algorithm is based on the "pretty good measurement" and uses H. Lenstra's (classical) algorithm for integer programming as a subroutine.
description: 16 pages
A theoretical look at the direct detection of giant planets outside the Solar System
Creators: name: Burrows, Adam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Astronomy is at times a science of unexpected discovery. When it is, and if we are lucky, new intellectual territories emerge to challenge our views of the cosmos. The recent indirect detections using high-precision Doppler spectroscopy of now more than one hundred giant planets orbiting more than one hundred nearby stars is an example of such rare serendipity. What has been learned has shaken our preconceptions, for none of the planetary systems discovered to date is like our own. However, the key to unlocking a planet's chemical, structural, and evolutionary secrets is the direct detection of the planet's light. I review the embryonic theory of the spectra, atmospheres, and light curves of irradiated giant planets and put this theory into the context of the many proposed astronomical campaigns to image them.
description: pre-editorial, non-copyrighted version of Review Article just published in Nature. 5 figures, one in JPEG format
Camplani, Alberto: Scritti ermetici in copto = L'Ogdoade e l'Enneade, Preghiera di ringraziamento, Frammento del Discorso Perfetto
Creators: name: Müller, Caspar Detlef G.
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 85 (2001): Oriens christianus, Band 85
Supplementary material: Association of changes in inflammatory markers with changes in markers of glycemia and insulin resistance in European children
Creators: name: Rajini Nagrani
name: Foraita, Ronja
name: Wolters, Maike
name: Henauw, Stefaan De
name: Marild, Staffan
name: Molnár, Dénes
name: Moreno, Luis A
name: Russo, Paola
name: Tornaritis, Michael
name: Veidebaum, Toomas
name: Ahrens, Wolfgang
name: Marron, Manuela
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 111706 Epidemiology
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Supplementary material to "Association of changes in inflammatory markers with changes in markers of glycemia and insulin resistance in European children".
An Effective Method for Enrichment of Endogenous DNA from Mammalian Feces for Genomic Analysis
Creators: name: 崔靓玉(Liangyu Cui)
Publisher: name: CNGB
Year: 2024
Subjects: Raw sequence reads
Multispecies
Evolution

description: Utilization of feces has long been a popular approach for genetic and ecological studies of wildlife. However, the success of molecular marker genotyping and genome resequencing is often unpredictable due to insufficient enrichment of endogenous DNA in the total fecal DNA that is dominated by bacterial DNAs. Here, we report a simple and cheap method named PEERS to predominantly crack animal cells over bacteria by using sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) to discharge endogenous DNA into liquid phase. By brief centrifugation, the supernatant is available for DNA extraction using routine methods. Our assessments showed the endogenous DNA was significantly enriched for all fecal samples of carnivorous, omnivorous and herbivorous mammals and the success of genetic marker genotyping and whole genome resequencing were significantly improved, although the enrichment and success vary with the quality, storage methods and time of fecal samples. We also provide methods and models to assess the enrichment efficiency of both nuclear and mitochondrial DNA and predict the usability of such DNA for routine genotyping and next generation sequencing. This method requires less than 10 min treatment prior to routine extraction and only additional cost of $ 0.1 per sample, but offers more promised outcomes of fecal DNA-based experiments in wildlife studies.
Mass of a quantum 't Hooft-Polyakov monopole
Creators: name: Rajantie, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quantum mechanical mass of 't Hooft-Polyakov monopoles in the four-dimensional Georgi-Glashow is calculated non-perturbatively using lattice Monte Carlo simulations. This is done by imposing twisted boundary conditions that ensure there is one unit of magnetic charge on the lattice, and measuring the free energy difference between this ensemble and the vacuum. In the weak-coupling limit, the results can be used to determine the quantum correction to the classical mass, once renormalisation of couplings is taken properly into account. The methods can also be used to study the masses at strong coupling, i.e., near the critical point, where there are hints of a possible electric-magnetic duality.
description: 17 pages, 4 figures. Typos corrected, one reference added
Analysing the Impact of Decoupling at a Regional Level in Ireland: A Farm Level Dynamic Linear Programming Approach
Creators: name: Shrestha, Shailesh
name: Hennessy, Thia C.
name: Shrestha, Shailesh
name: Hennessy, Thia C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Decoupling
subject: Linear Programming
subject: Cluster analysis
subject: Agricultural policy
subject: Regional level

description: This paper describes a methodology to assess the impact of the decoupling of payments on Irish farms at a regional level. The methodology is based on a farm level dynamic linear programming model which optimises regional gross margin under a set of constraints. Regionally representative farms are selected using cluster analysis. The model maximises aggregate gross margins from all the farm types in a region allowing land and milk quota to transfer between farms within the region. The model is estimated for a baseline scenario, assuming no policy change, and under a decoupled scenario where farm payments are fully decoupled from production. An example of an impact study at the Border region in Ireland is presented in this paper to demonstrate the methodology.
The Assessment of the Production Outsourcing Strategy in the Wood Furniture Industry of the Uba Region (Brazil), through the Development of a Dynamic Model
Creators: name: Almeida, Luciana Baldez De
name: Moura, Altair Dias De
name: Almeida, Luciana Baldez De
name: Moura, Altair Dias De
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Industrial Organization

description: The wood furniture industry of the Uba's region (Brazil) presents a high degree of vertical integration. Outsourcing is cited in the literature as a way of increasing a sector's competitiveness, through higher efficiency. Aiming to test this hypothesis, the research objective was to assess the process of deverticalisation in wood furniture production chains, through the identification of factors related to this process and their effects on the profitability of chosen firms in the Uba region. The research started with the development of a chain profile, through the use of a survey. This stage was followed by the development of a case study, in which the accumulated firm profitability was studied. System dynamics were the tool used in the case study. The firm's results showed that cost and quality were the two main aspects affecting the outsourcing decision. The increase of the firm's production capacity showed to be of secondary importance. When there were no differences in quality among strategies, higher levels of outsourcing showed better results than lower levels. However, if quality differs among strategies, either cost or quality became the important decision variable, depending on the characteristics of each firm studied. Considering that cost and quality are the main variables affecting the deverticalization process in the wood furniture production chains, special attention should be given to the establishment of efficient suppliers (low production costs and quality raw materials) in the chain. This fact may bring benefits to the firms and their chains in terms of profitability and competitiveness.
Consumer knowledge and practice pertaining to safe food-handling in households
Creators: name: Wyne, Marianne
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Foodborne illness is the largest class of emerging infectious diseases in Canada. Health Canada estimates that every year in Canada there are 2.2 million cases of foodborne illnesses and 31 of these people die. Most of these cases are preventable. Health Canada estimates that the annual costs related to these illnesses and deaths exceed $2 billion due to medical and hospital expenses, lost income, time off work and loss of business to the food processor or retailer. In 2- 3% of cases, foodborne illnesses can lead to chronic health problems. Illnesses such as chronic arthritis and hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS), leading to kidney failure, have long-term consequences for the individuals affected and for society and the economy as a whole. This study was conducted to, a) determine the knowledge residents of the Greater Vancouver Regional District (GVRD) have regarding preventative measures and causes of foodborne illness and, b) establish the practices of the target population in two important areas in the prevention of foodborne illness in the home: cross-contamination between raw meat and other foods, and cooking foods sufficiently to eliminate pathogens. A self-administered mail questionnaire was the contact method of choice. Municipalities of Greater Vancouver were stratified into three strata to ensure that the diverse population of the GVRD would be represented in the target population with regards to socio-ethnic variables. The survey was conducted between May 19th and June 30th 1998. Of the 1,600 households contacted, 582 returned a valid questionnaire. A large segment of the persons who are primarily responsible for household meal preparation in the Greater Vancouver Regional District, specifically young adults under the age of 35 and males, reported using inappropriate hygiene practices during meal preparation to prevent foodborne illness. This segment of the population reported using incorrect methods to determine whether meat was cooked sufficiently to prevent foodborne illness and preparation practices that lead to cross-contamination between kitchen utensils and ready-to-eat foods. Furthermore, this population indicated they had incorrect knowledge of the causes and symptoms of foodborne illness. Use of simple techniques before, during and after food preparation will significantly reduce the risk of foodborne illness. Education of the general public, and in particular young adults and females, is important and suggested educational approaches include food labelling, the media, health professionals, primary school curriculum, and offering of training courses in the community. However, further research is needed to determine the most effective way to educate the public to improve food safety knowledge and practices.