cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A Preconditioned Iterative Interior Point Approach to the Conic Bundle Subproblem
Creators: name: Helmberg, Christoph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 90C22, 65F08, 90C06, 90C25, 90C20, 65K05

description: The conic bundle implementation of the spectral bundle method for large scale semidefinite programming solves in each iteration a semidefinite quadratic subproblem by an interior point approach. For larger cutting model sizes the limiting operation is collecting and factorizing a Schur complement of the primal-dual KKT system. We explore possibilities to improve on this by an iterative approach that exploits structural low rank properties. Two preconditioning approaches are proposed and analyzed. Both might be of interest for rank structured positive definite systems in general. The first employs projections onto random subspaces, the second projects onto a subspace that is chosen deterministically based on structural interior point properties. For both approaches theoretic bounds are derived for the associated condition number. In the instances tested the deterministic preconditioner provides surprisingly efficient control on the actual condition number. The results suggest that for large scale instances the iterative solver is usually the better choice if precision requirements are moderate or if the size of the Schur complemented system clearly exceeds the active dimension within the subspace giving rise to the cutting model of the bundle method.
description: 37+24 pages, 8 figures
Low cost, low tech SNP genotyping tools for resource-limited areas: Plague in Madagascar as a model
Creators: name: Andrianaivoarimanana, Voahangy
name: Wagner, David M.
name: Keim, Paul S.
name: Hornstra-O’Neill, Heidie
name: Rajerison, Minoarisoa
name: Busch, Joseph
name: Birdsell, Dawn N.
name: Colman, Rebecca E.
name: Mitchell, Cedar L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Genetic analysis of pathogenic organisms is a useful tool for linking human cases together and/or to potential environmental sources. The resulting data can also provide information on evolutionary patterns within a targeted species and phenotypic traits. However, the instruments often used to generate genotyping data, such as single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), can be expensive and sometimes require advanced technologies to implement. This places many genotyping tools out of reach for laboratories that do not specialize in genetic studies and/or lack the requisite financial and technological resources. To address this issue, we developed a low cost and low tech genotyping system, termed agarose-MAMA, which combines traditional PCR and agarose gel electrophoresis to target phylogenetically informative SNPs.
title: Hyperextension injuries of the Knee: Radiological patterns of bone bruising
Creators: name: Kumaraguru, janani
Publisher: name: European Society of Muscoskeletal Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Imaging sequences
subject: MR
subject: Musculoskeletal system
subject: Musculoskeletal soft tissue
subject: Musculoskeletal bone
subject: Trauma

description: Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Purpose: The patterns of soft tissue injury following hyperextension knee injuries is poorly characterised in MRI so far and we conducted a retrospective cohort study the radiological features of hyperextension knee injuries including the bone bruising...
Stochastic integration with respect to local time of the Brownian sheet and regularising properties of Brownian sheet paths
Creators: name: Bogso, Antoine-Marie
name: Dieye, Moustapha
name: Pamen, Olivier Menoukeu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60G17

description: In this work, we generalise the stochastic local time space integration introduced in \cite{Ei00} to the case of Brownian sheet. %We develop a stochastic local time-space calculus with respect to the Brownian sheet. This allows us to prove a generalised two-parameter Itô formula and derive Davie type inequalities for the Brownian sheet. Such estimates are useful to obtain regularity bounds for some averaging type operators along Brownian sheet curves.
description: 26 pages
The cost and cost-effectiveness of rapid testing strategies for yaws diagnosis and surveillance
Creators: name: Asiedu, Kingsley
name: Van der Stuyft, Patrick
name: Meheus, Filip
name: Marks, Michael
name: Gonzalez Pena, Tita
name: Fitzpatrick, Christopher
name: Sands, Anita
name: Mitja, Oriol
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Yaws is a non-venereal treponemal infection caused by Treponema pallidum subspecies pertenue. The disease is targeted by WHO for eradication by 2020. Rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) are envisaged for confirmation of clinical cases during treatment campaigns and for certification of the interruption of transmission. Yaws testing requires both treponemal (trep) and non-treponemal (non-trep) assays for diagnosis of current infection. We evaluate a sequential testing strategy (using a treponemal RDT before a trep/non-trep RDT) in terms of cost and cost-effectiveness, relative to a single-assay combined testing strategy (using the trep/non-trep RDT alone), for two use cases: individual diagnosis and community surveillance.
title: MR imaging of soft tissue pseudotumors
Creators: name: Tsifountoudis, Ioannis
Publisher: name: European Society of Muscoskeletal Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Musculoskeletal soft tissue
subject: MR
subject: Education
subject: Tissue characterisation

description: Learning objectives Background Imaging findings OR Procedure Details Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Learning objectives: A wide range of non-tumoral or tumor-like conditions of the soft tissues may be encountered in clinical practice or when patients undergo radiologic examinations. Although advances in cross sectional imaging (ultrasound, MDCT and MRI) play a pivotal...
Hong-Ou-Mandel interference between triggered and heralded single photons from separate atomic systems
Creators: name: Leong, Victor
name: Kosen, Sandoko
name: Srivathsan, Bharath
name: Gulati, Gurpreet Kaur
name: Ceré, Alessandro
name: Kurtsiefer, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present Hong-Ou-Mandel interference of single photons generated via two different physical processes by two independent atomic systems: scattering by a single atom, and parametric generation via four-wave mixing in a cloud of cold atoms. Without any spectral filtering, we observe a visibility of V=62$\pm$4%. After correcting for accidental coincidences, we obtain V=93$\pm$6%. The observed interference demonstrates the compatibility of the two sources, forming the basis for an efficient quantum interface between different physical systems.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
title: A primary hydatid cyst of thigh: Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings
Creators: name: Aktas, Elif
Publisher: name: European Society of Muscoskeletal Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Musculoskeletal soft tissue
subject: MR
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Parasites

description: Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Purpose: Hydatid Cyst was most common enfestation which was seen in Turkey. Localization of hydatid cyst in thigh is very rare , approximately 5,33%. Primary hydatid disease of the skeletal muscle is rare, as the parasite has to cross pulmonary and hepatic...
On power values of pyramidal numbers, II
Creators: name: Dujella, Andrej
name: Győry, Kálmán
name: Michaud-Jacobs, Philippe
name: Pintér, Ákos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11D41, 11D59, 11D61, 14G99

description: For $m \geq 3$, we define the $m$th order pyramidal number by \[ \mathrm{Pyr}_m(x) = \frac{1}{6} x(x+1)((m-2)x+5-m). \] In a previous paper, written by the first-, second-, and fourth-named authors, all solutions to the equation $\mathrm{Pyr}_m(x) = y^2$ are found in positive integers $x$ and $y$, for $6 \leq m \leq 100$. In this paper, we consider the question of higher powers, and find all solutions to the equation $\mathrm{Pyr}_m(x) = y^n$ in positive integers $x$, $y$, and $n$, with $n \geq 3$, and $5 \leq m \leq 50$. We reduce the problem to a study of systems of binomial Thue equations, and use a combination of local arguments, the modular method via Frey curves, and bounds arising from linear forms in logarithms to solve the problem.
description: Minor corrections, to appear in Acta Arithmetica
title: High resolution ultrasound of morphological features of rotator cuff interval and rotator cable in 50 aymptomatic shoulders
Creators: name: Döring, Seema
Publisher: name: European Society of Muscoskeletal Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Athletic injuries
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Musculoskeletal joint

description: Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Purpose: The purpose of this study was to make a detailed analysis of the capsuloligamentous structures in anterosuperior part of the shoulder. Rotator cuff interval is a space between the subscapularis and supraspinatous tendon allowing the passage of long...
Role of Magnetic Coupling in Photoluminescence Kinetics of Mn2+-doped ZnS Nanoplatelets
Creators: name: Dai, Liwei
name: Torche, Abderrezak
name: Strelow, Christian
name: Kipp, Tobias
name: Vuong, Thanh Huyen
name: Rabeah, Jabor
name: Oldenburg, Kevin
name: Bester, Gabriel
name: Mews, Alf
name: Klinke, Christian
name: Lesyuk, Rostyslav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Mn2+-doped semiconductor nanocrystals with tuned location and concentration of Mn2+ ions can yield diverse coupling regimes, which can highly influence their optical properties such as emission wavelength and photoluminescence (PL) lifetime. However, investigation on the relationship between the Mn2+ concentration and the optical properties is still challenging because of the complex interactions of Mn2+ ions and the host and between the Mn2+ ions. Here, atomically flat ZnS nanoplatelets (NPLs) with uniform thickness were chosen as matrixes for Mn2+ doping. Using time-resolved (TR) PL spectroscopy and density functional theory (DFT) calculations, a connection between coupling and PL kinetics of Mn2+ ions was established. Moreover, it was found that the Mn2+ ions residing on the surface of a nanostructure produce emissive states and interfere with the change of properties by Mn2+/Mn2+ coupling. In a configuration with suppressed surface contribution to the optical response we show the underlying physical reasons for double and triple exponential decay by DFT methods. We believe that the presented doping strategy and simulation methodology of the Mn2+-doped ZnS system is a universal platform to study dopant location- and concentration-dependent properties also in other semiconductors.
The relationship between entomological indicators of Aedes aegypti abundance and dengue virus infection
Creators: name: Scott, Thomas W.
name: Stoddard, Steven T.
name: Cromwell, Elizabeth A.
name: Meshnick, Steven R.
name: Van Rie, Annelies
name: Barker, Christopher M.
name: Morrison, Amy C.
name: Messer, William B.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Routine entomological monitoring data are used to quantify the abundance of Ae. aegypti. The public health utility of these indicators is based on the assumption that greater mosquito abundance increases the risk of human DENV transmission, and therefore reducing exposure to the vector decreases incidence of infection. Entomological survey data from two longitudinal cohort studies in Iquitos, Peru, linked with 8,153 paired serological samples taken approximately six months apart were analyzed. Indicators of Ae. aegypti density were calculated from cross-sectional and longitudinal entomological data collected over a 12-month period for larval, pupal and adult Ae. aegypti. Log binomial models were used to estimate risk ratios (RR) to measure the association between Ae. aegypti abundance and the six-month risk of DENV seroconversion. RRs estimated using cross-sectional entomological data were compared to RRs estimated using longitudinal data. Higher cross-sectional Ae. aegypti densities were not associated with an increased risk of DENV seroconversion. Use of longitudinal entomological data resulted in RRs ranging from 1.01 (95% CI: 1.01, 1.02) to 1.30 (95% CI: 1.17, 1.46) for adult stage density estimates and RRs ranging from 1.21 (95% CI: 1.07, 1.37) to 1.75 (95% CI: 1.23, 2.5) for categorical immature indices. Ae. aegypti densities calculated from longitudinal entomological data were associated with DENV seroconversion, whereas those measured cross-sectionally were not. Ae. aegypti indicators calculated from cross-sectional surveillance, as is common practice, have limited public health utility in detecting areas or populations at high risk of DENV infection.
Conformal symmetry vs. chiral symmetry breaking in the SU(3) sextet model
Creators: name: Drach, Vincent
name: Hansen, Martin
name: Hietanen, Ari
name: Pica, Claudio
name: Sannino, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present new results for the SU(3) "sextet model" with two flavors transforming according to the two-index symmetric representation of the gauge group. The simulations are performed using unimproved Wilson fermions. We measure the meson and baryon spectrum of the theory for multiple bare quark masses at two different lattice spacings. To address the pressing issue of whether the model is inside or below the conformal window, we compare the spectrum to the expectations for a theory with spontaneous chiral symmetry breaking and to those of an IR conformal theory. Regardless of the answer (conformal or chirally broken), the theory is a cornerstone in our understanding of near-conformal and composite dynamics, ranging from Technicolor models to unparticle physics. It is also interesting for the composite dynamics of vector-like singlets with respect to the Standard Model interactions.
description: Talk presented at the 33rd International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory, 14-18 July 2015, Kobe International Conference Center, Kobe, Japan
Active Learning of Quantum System Hamiltonians yields Query Advantage
Creators: name: Dutt, Arkopal
name: Pednault, Edwin
name: Wu, Chai Wah
name: Sheldon, Sarah
name: Smolin, John
name: Bishop, Lev
name: Chuang, Isaac L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Hamiltonian learning is an important procedure in quantum system identification, calibration, and successful operation of quantum computers. Through queries to the quantum system, this procedure seeks to obtain the parameters of a given Hamiltonian model and description of noise sources. Standard techniques for Hamiltonian learning require careful design of queries and $O(ε^{-2})$ queries in achieving learning error $ε$ due to the standard quantum limit. With the goal of efficiently and accurately estimating the Hamiltonian parameters within learning error $ε$ through minimal queries, we introduce an active learner that is given an initial set of training examples and the ability to interactively query the quantum system to generate new training data. We formally specify and experimentally assess the performance of this Hamiltonian active learning (HAL) algorithm for learning the six parameters of a two-qubit cross-resonance Hamiltonian on four different superconducting IBM Quantum devices. Compared with standard techniques for the same problem and a specified learning error, HAL achieves up to a $99.8\%$ reduction in queries required, and a $99.1\%$ reduction over the comparable non-adaptive learning algorithm. Moreover, with access to prior information on a subset of Hamiltonian parameters and given the ability to select queries with linearly (or exponentially) longer system interaction times during learning, HAL can exceed the standard quantum limit and achieve Heisenberg (or super-Heisenberg) limited convergence rates during learning.
description: 53 pages, 21 figures
Structural Reconstruction in Lead-free Two-dimensional Tin Iodide Perovskites Leading to High Quantum Yield Emission
Creators: name: Ghimire, Sushant
name: Oldenburg, Kevin
name: Bartling, Stephan
name: Lesyuk, Rostyslav
name: Klinke, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a structural reconstruction-induced high photoluminescence quantum yield of 25% in colloidal two-dimensional tin iodide nanosheets that are synthesized by a hot-injection method. The as-synthesized red-colored nanosheets of octylammonium tin iodide perovskites at room temperature transform to white hexagonal nanosheets upon washing or exposure to light. This structural change increases the bandgap from 2.0 eV to 3.0 eV, inducing a large Stokes shift and a broadband emission. Further, a long photoluminescence lifetime of about 1 microsecond is measured for the nanosheets. Such long-lived broad and intense photoluminescence with large Stokes shift is anticipated to originate from tin iodide clusters that are formed during the structural reconstruction. Stereoactive 5s2 lone pair of tin (II) ions perturbs the excited state geometry of the white hexagonal nanosheets and facilitates the formation of self-trapped excitons. Such broadband and intensely emitting metal halide nanosheets are promising for white light-emitting diodes.
description: 25 pagew, 5 figures
title: Ultrasound evaluation of the pretendineous cord in patients with Dupuytren's disease
Creators: name: Vanek, Petr
Publisher: name: European Society of Muscoskeletal Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Tissue characterisation
subject: Connective tissue disorders
subject: Surgery
subject: Localisation
subject: Ultrasound-Colour Doppler
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Musculoskeletal soft tissue
subject: Extremities
subject: Anatomy

description: Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Purpose: Dupuytren's disease (DD) is a condition characterised by a localised fibromatous hypertrophy of the palmar fascia, which eventually develops into a cord causing contracture of one or more fingers. Morphological characteristics of DD, especially from...
The isotropy group of the matrix multiplication tensor
Creators: name: Burichenko, V. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: F.2
subject: 68Q25, 20C

description: By an {\em isotropy group} of a tensor $t\in V_1 \otimes V_2\otimes V_3=\widetilde V$ we mean the group of all invertible linear transformations of $\widetilde V$ that leave $t$ invariant and are compatible (in an obvious sense) with the structure of tensor product on~$\widetilde V$. We consider the case where $t$ is the structure tensor of multiplication map of rectangular matrices. The isotropy group of this tensor was studied in 1970s by de Groote, Strassen, and Brockett-Dobkin. In the present work we enlarge, make more precise, expose in the language of group actions on tensor spaces, and endow with proofs the results previously known. This is necessary for studying the algorithms of fast matrix multiplication admitting symmetries. The latter seems to be a promising new way for constructing fast algorithms.
description: 14 pages. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1508.01110
Mapping Lyman-alpha forest three-dimensional large scale structure in real and redshift space
Creators: name: Sinigaglia, Francesco
name: Kitaura, Francisco-Shu
name: Balaguera-Antolínez, Andrés
name: Shimizu, Ikkoh
name: Nagamine, Kentaro
name: Sánchez-Benavente, Manuel
name: Ata, Metin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This work presents a new physically-motivated supervised machine learning method, Hydro-BAM, to reproduce the three-dimensional Lyman-$α$ forest field in real and in redshift space learning from a reference hydrodynamic simulation, thereby saving about 7 orders of magnitude in computing time. We show that our method is accurate up to $k\sim1\,h\,\rm{Mpc}^{-1}$ in the one- (PDF), two- (power-spectra) and three-point (bi-spectra) statistics of the reconstructed fields. When compared to the reference simulation including redshift space distortions, our method achieves deviations of $\lesssim2\%$ up to $k=0.6\,h\,\rm{Mpc}^{-1}$ in the monopole, $\lesssim5\%$ up to $k=0.9\,h\,\rm{Mpc}^{-1}$ in the quadrupole. The bi-spectrum is well reproduced for triangle configurations with sides up to $k=0.8\,h\,\rm{Mpc}^{-1}$. In contrast, the commonly-adopted Fluctuating Gunn-Peterson approximation shows significant deviations already neglecting peculiar motions at configurations with sides of $k=0.2-0.4\,h\,\rm{Mpc}^{-1}$ in the bi-spectrum, being also significantly less accurate in the power-spectrum (within 5$\%$ up to $k=0.7\,h\,\rm{Mpc}^{-1}$). We conclude that an accurate analysis of the Lyman-$α$ forest requires considering the complex baryonic thermodynamical large-scale structure relations. Our hierarchical domain specific machine learning method can efficiently exploit this and is ready to generate accurate Lyman-$α$ forest mock catalogues covering large volumes required by surveys such as DESI and WEAVE.
description: Accepted for publication by ApJ
title: MRI characteristics of intraosseous lesions of the patella
Creators: name: Arya, Alok
Publisher: name: European Society of Muscoskeletal Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: MR
subject: Conventional radiography
subject: Musculoskeletal soft tissue
subject: Musculoskeletal joint
subject: Musculoskeletal bone
subject: Normal variants
subject: Pathology

description: Learning objectives Background Imaging findings OR Procedure Details Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Learning objectives: Intra-osseous lesions of the patella are rare and there is little published literature. We describe MRI features of the most common patellar tumours and tumour-like lesionsalong with theirhistopathological...
Optimal Slater-determinant approximation of fermionic wave functions
Creators: name: Zhang, J. M.
name: Mauser, Norbert J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the optimal Slater-determinant approximation of an $N$-fermion wave function analytically. That is, we seek the Slater-determinant (constructed out of $N$ orthonormal single-particle orbitals) wave function having largest overlap with a given $N$-fermion wave function. Some simple lemmas have been established and their usefulness is demonstrated on some structured states, such as the Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger state. In the simplest nontrivial case of three fermions in six orbitals, which the celebrated Borland-Dennis discovery is about, the optimal Slater approximation wave function is proven to be built out of the natural orbitals in an interesting way. We also show that the Hadamard inequality is useful for finding the optimal Slater approximation of some special target wave functions.
description: To appear in PRA
Regression Transformer: Concurrent sequence regression and generation for molecular language modeling
Creators: name: Born, Jannis
name: Manica, Matteo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Despite significant progress of generative models in the natural sciences, their controllability remains challenging. One fundamentally missing aspect of molecular or protein generative models is an inductive bias that can reflect continuous properties of interest. To that end, we propose the Regression Transformer (RT), a novel method that abstracts regression as a conditional sequence modeling problem. This introduces a new paradigm of multitask language models which seamlessly bridge sequence regression and conditional sequence generation. We thoroughly demonstrate that, despite using a nominal-scale training objective, the RT matches or surpasses the performance of conventional regression models in property prediction tasks of small molecules, proteins and chemical reactions. Critically, priming the same model with continuous properties yields a highly competitive conditional generative model that outperforms specialized approaches in a substructure-constrained, property-driven molecule generation benchmark. Our dichotomous approach is facilitated by a novel, alternating training scheme that enables the model to decorate seed sequences by desired properties, e.g., to optimize reaction yield. In sum, the RT is the first report of a multitask model that concurrently excels at predictive and generative tasks in biochemistry. This finds particular application in property-driven, local exploration of the chemical or protein space and could pave the road toward foundation models in material design. The code to reproduce all experiments of the paper is available at: https://github.com/IBM/regression-transformer
description: Updated paper, under review; Preliminary version as spotlight talk at ICLR 2022 workshop on Machine Learning for Drug Discovery
Measurement of Transverse Spin Dependent Azimuthal Correlations of Charged Pion(s) in $p^{\uparrow} p$ Collisions at $\sqrt s = 200$ GeV at STAR
Creators: name: Pokhrel, Babu R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: At the leading twist, the transversity distribution function, $h^{q}_{1}(x)$, where $x$ is the longitudinal momentum fraction of the proton carried by quark $q$, encodes the transverse spin structure of the nucleon. Extraction of it is difficult because of its chiral-odd nature. In transversely polarized proton-proton collisions ($p^\uparrow p$), $h_{1}^{q}(x)$ can be coupled with another chiral-odd partner, a spin-dependent fragmentation function (FF). The resulting asymmetries in hadron(s) azimuthal correlations directly probe $h_{1}^{q}(x)$. We report the measurement of correlation asymmetries for charged pion(s) in $p^\uparrow p$, through the Collins and the Interference FF channel.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, Submission to SciPost Proceedings-DIS2021
3D Mandibular Superimposition: Comparison of Regions of Reference for Voxel-Based Registration
Creators: name: Cevidanes, Lucia Helena Soares
name: De Oliveira Ruellas, Antonio Carlos
name: Luiz, Ronir Raggio
name: Yatabe, Marilia Sayako
name: Nguyen, Tung
name: Benavides, Erika
name: Franchi, Lorenzo
name: Souki, Bernardo Quiroga
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: The aim was to evaluate three regions of reference (Björk, Modified Björk and mandibular Body) for mandibular registration testing them in a patients’ CBCT sample.
A multivariate pseudo-likelihood approach to estimating directional ocean wave models
Creators: name: Grainger, Jake P.
name: Sykulski, Adam M.
name: Ewans, Kevin
name: Hansen, Hans F.
name: Jonathan, Philip
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Ocean buoy data in the form of high frequency multivariate time series are routinely recorded at many locations in the world's oceans. Such data can be used to characterise the ocean wavefield, which is important for numerous socio-economic and scientific reasons. This characterisation is typically achieved by modelling the frequency-direction spectrum, which decomposes spatiotemporal variability by both frequency and direction. State-of-the-art methods for estimating the parameters of such models do not make use of the full spatiotemporal content of the buoy observations due to unnecessary assumptions and smoothing steps. We explain how the multivariate debiased Whittle likelihood can be used to jointly estimate all parameters of such frequency-direction spectra directly from the recorded time series. When applied to North Sea buoy data, debiased Whittle likelihood inference reveals smooth evolution of spectral parameters over time. We discuss challenging practical issues including model misspecification, and provide guidelines for future application of the method.
A High-Throughput Screening-Compatible Strategy for the Identification of Inositol Pyrophosphate Kinase Inhibitors
Creators: name: Shears, Stephen B.
name: Frye, Stephen V.
name: Pearce, Kenneth H.
name: Stashko, Michael A.
name: Baughman, Brandi M.
name: An, Yi
name: Kireev, Dmitri
name: Wang, Huanchen
name: Jessen, Henning J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Pharmacological tools—‘chemical probes’—that intervene in cell signaling cascades are important for complementing genetically-based experimental approaches. Probe development frequently begins with a high-throughput screen (HTS) of a chemical library. Herein, we describe the design, validation, and implementation of the first HTS-compatible strategy against any inositol phosphate kinase. Our target enzyme, PPIP5K, synthesizes ‘high-energy’ inositol pyrophosphates (PP-InsPs), which regulate cell function at the interface between cellular energy metabolism and signal transduction. We optimized a time-resolved, fluorescence resonance energy transfer ADP-assay to record PPIP5K-catalyzed, ATP-driven phosphorylation of 5-InsP7 to 1,5-InsP8 in 384-well format (Z’ = 0.82 ± 0.06). We screened a library of 4745 compounds, all anticipated to be membrane-permeant, which are known—or conjectured based on their structures—to target the nucleotide binding site of protein kinases. At a screening concentration of 13 μM, fifteen compounds inhibited PPIP5K >50%. The potency of nine of these hits was confirmed by dose-response analyses. Three of these molecules were selected from different structural clusters for analysis of binding to PPIP5K, using isothermal calorimetry. Acceptable thermograms were obtained for two compounds, UNC10112646 (Kd = 7.30 ± 0.03 μM) and UNC10225498 (Kd = 1.37 ± 0.03 μM). These Kd values lie within the 1–10 μM range generally recognized as suitable for further probe development. In silico docking data rationalizes the difference in affinities. HPLC analysis confirmed that UNC10225498 and UNC10112646 directly inhibit PPIP5K-catalyzed phosphorylation of 5-InsP7 to 1,5-InsP8; kinetic experiments showed inhibition to be competitive with ATP. No other biological activity has previously been ascribed to either UNC10225498 or UNC10112646; moreover, at 10 μM, neither compound inhibits IP6K2, a structurally-unrelated PP-InsP kinase. Our screening strategy may be generally applicable to inhibitor discovery campaigns for other inositol phosphate kinases.
Memorias del exilio latinoamericano en Italia: el rol del archivo de la Fondazione Lelio e Lisli Basso, Laura Fotia, Università Roma Tre
Creators: name: Fotia, Laura
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Exilio, Memoria, Italia, Argentina, Chile, Brasil, Uruguay, Centroamerica, Fondazione Basso, Setenta, Lelio Basso, Tribunal Russell II, Tribunal Permanente de los Pueblos

description: El objetivo de la investigación es el de investigar el proceso de constitución del archivo de la Fundación Lelio e Lisli Basso y el papel de este archivo en la preservación de una memoria del exilio latinoamericano en Italia. De esa manera, se pondrá en evidencia también como el desarrollo de los fondos documentales de ese archivo sobre América Latina puede leerse como el espejo del desarrollo de la acción concreta llevada a cabo por la Fundación y por su fundador, Lelio Basso, a partir de los Sesenta, y, al mismo tiempo, como el resultado de una acción colectiva en la que los exiliados latinoamericanos tuvieron un papel central. .
description: La presentación fue realizada el 25/09/2023, en el marco de la estadía en la Universidad Nacional de Tres de Febrero ("Trans.Arch - Archive in Transition. Collective Memories and Subaltern Uses", Horizon 2020-Marie Sklodowska Curie Actions, Grant agreement ID: 872299).
title: Intra-articular osteoid osteoma of the hip – imaging value
Creators: name: Mascarenhas, Vasco
Publisher: name: European Society of Muscoskeletal Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Musculoskeletal bone
subject: Musculoskeletal joint
subject: Interventional non-vascular
subject: CT
subject: Conventional radiography
subject: MR
subject: Education
subject: Cancer

description: Learning objectives Background Imaging findings OR Procedure Details Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Learning objectives: To illustrate the imaging signs of intraarticular osteoid osteoma (OO) of the hip in 13 patients followed in our center. To demonstrate the imaging usefulness, particularly MRI, in the diagnosis of this entity. Normal 0 false false false PT JA...
Scalable computational kernels for mortar finite element methods
Creators: name: Mayr, Matthias
name: Popp, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: Performance (cs.PF)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Targeting simulations on parallel hardware architectures, this paper presents computational kernels for efficient computations in mortar finite element methods. Mortar methods enable a variationally consistent imposition of coupling conditions at high accuracy, but come with considerable numerical effort and cost for the evaluation of the mortar integrals to compute the coupling operators. In this paper, we identify bottlenecks in parallel data layout and domain decomposition that hinder an efficient evaluation of the mortar integrals. We then propose a set of computational strategies to restore optimal parallel communication and scalability for the core kernels devoted to the evaluation of mortar terms. We exemplarily study the proposed algorithmic components in the context of three-dimensional large-deformation contact mechanics, both for cases with fixed and dynamically varying interface topology, yet these concepts can naturally and easily be transferred to other mortar applications, e.g. classical meshtying problems. To restore parallel scalability, we employ overlapping domain decompositions of the interface discretization independent from the underlying volumes and then tackle parallel communication for the mortar evaluation by a geometrically motivated reduction of ghosting data. Using three-dimensional contact examples, we demonstrate strong and weak scalability of the proposed algorithms up to 480 parallel processes as well as study and discuss improvements in parallel communication related to mortar finite element methods. For the first time, dynamic load balancing is applied to mortar contact problems with evolving contact zones, such that the computational work is well balanced among all parallel processors independent of the current state of the simulation.
BIGRoC: Boosting Image Generation via a Robust Classifier
Creators: name: Ganz, Roy
name: Elad, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The interest of the machine learning community in image synthesis has grown significantly in recent years, with the introduction of a wide range of deep generative models and means for training them. In this work, we propose a general model-agnostic technique for improving the image quality and the distribution fidelity of generated images obtained by any generative model. Our method, termed BIGRoC (Boosting Image Generation via a Robust Classifier), is based on a post-processing procedure via the guidance of a given robust classifier and without a need for additional training of the generative model. Given a synthesized image, we propose to update it through projected gradient steps over the robust classifier to refine its recognition. We demonstrate this post-processing algorithm on various image synthesis methods and show a significant quantitative and qualitative improvement on CIFAR-10 and ImageNet. Surprisingly, although BIGRoC is the first model agnostic among refinement approaches and requires much less information, it outperforms competitive methods. Specifically, BIGRoC improves the image synthesis best performing diffusion model on ImageNet 128x128 by 14.81%, attaining an FID score of 2.53, and on 256x256 by 7.87%, achieving an FID of 3.63. Moreover, we conduct an opinion survey, according to which humans significantly prefer our method's outputs.
Harmonics-assisted optical phase amplifier
Creators: name: Li, Wu-Zhen
name: Yang, Chen
name: Zhou, Zhi-Yuan
name: Li, Yan
name: Li, Yin-Hai
name: Niu, Su-Jian
name: Ge, Zheng
name: Chen, Li
name: Guo, Guang-Can
name: Shi, Bao-Sen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The change in the relative phase between two light fields serves as a basic principle for the measurement of the physical quantity that guides this change. It would therefore be highly advantageous if the relative phase could be amplified to enhance the measurement resolution. One well-known method for phase amplification involves the use of the multi-photon number and path entangled state known as the NOON state; however, a high-number NOON state is very difficult to prepare and is highly sensitive to optical losses. Here we propose and experimentally demonstrate in principle a phase amplifier scheme with the assistance of a harmonic generation process. The relative phase difference between two polarization modes in a polarized interferometer is amplified coherently four times with cascaded second-harmonic generation processes. We demonstrate that these amplification processes can be recycled and therefore have the potential to realize much higher numbers of multiple amplification steps. The phase amplification method presented here shows considerable advantages over the method based on NOON states and will be highly promising for use in precision optical measurements.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures
Uncertainty quantification for industrial design using dictionaries of reduced order models
Creators: name: Daniel, Thomas
name: Casenave, Fabien
name: Akkari, Nissrine
name: Ryckelynck, David
name: Rey, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We consider the dictionary-based ROM-net (Reduced Order Model) framework [T. Daniel, F. Casenave, N. Akkari, D. Ryckelynck, Model order reduction assisted by deep neural networks (ROM-net), Advanced modeling and Simulation in Engineering Sciences 7 (16), 2020] and summarize the underlying methodologies and their recent improvements. The main contribution of this work is the application of the complete workflow to a real-life industrial model of an elastoviscoplastic high-pressure turbine blade subjected to thermal, centrifugal and pressure loadings, for the quantification of the uncertainty on dual quantities (such as the accumulated plastic strain and the stress tensor), generated by the uncertainty on the temperature loading field. The dictionary-based ROM-net computes predictions of dual quantities of interest for 1008 Monte Carlo draws of the temperature loading field in 2 hours and 48 minutes, which corresponds to a speedup greater than 600 with respect to a reference parallel solver using domain decomposition, with a relative error in the order of 2%. Another contribution of this work consists in the derivation of a meta-model to reconstruct the dual quantities of interest over the complete mesh from their values on the reduced integration points.
title: Loosening of total knee replacement prosthesis - imaging features
Creators: name: Arya, Alok
Publisher: name: European Society of Muscoskeletal Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Infection
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Nuclear medicine conventional
subject: Musculoskeletal joint

description: Learning objectives Background Imaging findings OR Procedure Details Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Learning objectives: Imaging evaluation of aseptic and infective loosening usually involves conventional radiographs and nuclear imaging. To be able to identify patterns of uptake on Tc99m MDP scan and In111 white cell scan in infective and aseptic...
title: Heterogeneous and hybrid control with application in automotive systems
Creators: name: Ludemann, Jens
Publisher: name: University of Glasgow
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Automotive engineering, computer science.

description: Control systems for automotive systems have acquired a new level of complexity. To fulfill the requirements of the controller specifications new technologies are needed. In many cases high performance and robust control cannot be provided by a simple conventional controller anymore. In this case hybrid combinations of local controllers, gain scheduled controllers and global stabilisation concepts are necessary. A considerable number of state-of-the-art automotive controllers (anti-lock brake system (ABS), electronic stabilising program (ESP)) already incorporate heterogeneous and hybrid control concepts as ad-hoc solutions. In this work a heterogeneous/hybrid control system is developed for a test vehicle in order to solve a clearly specified and relevant automotive control problem. The control system will be evaluated against a state-of-the-art conventional controller to clearly show the benefits and advantages arising from the novel approach. A multiple model-based observer/estimator for the estimation of parameters is developed to reset the parameter estimate in a conventional Lyapunov based nonlinear adaptive controller. The advantage of combining both approaches is that the performance of the controller with respect to disturbances can be improved considerably because a reduced controller gain will increase the robustness of the approach with respect to noise and unmodelled dynamics. Several alternative resetting criteria are developed based on a control Lyapunov function, such that resetting guarantees a decrease in the Lyapunov function. Since ABS systems have to operate on different possibly fast changing road surfaces the application of hybrid methodologies is apparent. Four different model based wheel slip controllers will be presented: two nonlinear approaches combined with parameter resetting, a simple linear controller that has been designed using the technique of simultaneously stabilising a set of linear plants as well as a sub-optimal linear quadratic (LQ)-controller. All wheel slip controllers operate as low level controllers in a modular structure that has been developed for the ABS problem. The controllers will be applied to a real Mercedes E-class passenger car. The vehicle is equipped with a brake-by-wire system and electromechanical brake actuators. Extensive real life tests show the benefits of the hybrid approaches in a fast changing environment.
Tight Ramsey bounds for multiple copies of a graph
Creators: name: Bucic, Matija
name: Sudakov, Benny
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The Ramsey number $r(G)$ of a graph $G$ is the smallest integer $n$ such that any $2$ colouring of the edges of a clique on $n$ vertices contains a monochromatic copy of $G$. Determining the Ramsey number of $G$ is a central problem of Ramsey theory with long and illustrious history. Despite this there are precious few classes of graphs $G$ for which the value of $r(G)$ is known exactly. One such family consists of large vertex disjoint unions of a fixed graph $H$, we denote such a graph, consisting of $n$ copies of $H$ by $nH$. This classical result was proved by Burr, Erdős and Spencer in 1975, who showed $r(nH)=(2|H|-α(H))n+c$, for some $c=c(H)$, provided $n$ is large enough. Since it did not follow from their arguments, Burr, Erdős and Spencer further asked to determine the number of copies we need to take in order to see this long term behaviour and the value of $c$. More than $30$ years ago Burr gave a way of determining $c(H)$, which only applies when the number of copies $n$ is triple exponential in $|H|$. In this paper we give an essentially tight answer to this very old problem of Burr, Erdős and Spencer by showing that the long term behaviour occurs already when the number of copies is single exponential.
description: 22 pages, 5 figures
title: Fracture patterns in the paediatric ankle: an educational pictorial review
Creators: name: Murphy, Jennifer
Publisher: name: European Society of Muscoskeletal Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Musculoskeletal system
subject: Paediatric
subject: Trauma
subject: CT
subject: Digital radiography
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Trauma

description: Learning objectives Background Imaging findings OR Procedure Details Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Learning objectives: To understand the mechanism and common imaging features of fracture patterns which occur in the skeletally immature...
On the (1+3) threading of spacetime with respect to an arbitrary timelike vector field
Creators: name: Bejancu, Aurel
name: Călin, Constantin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We develop a new approach on the (1+3) threading of spacetime $(M, g)$ with respect to a congruence of curves defined by an arbitrary timelike vector field. The study is based on spatial tensor fields and on the Riemannian spatial connection $\nabla^{\star}$, which behave as $3D$ geometric objects. We obtain new formulas for local components of the Ricci tensor field of $(M, g)$ with respect to the threading frame field, in terms of the Ricci tensor field of $\nabla^{\star}$ and of kinematic quantities. Also, new expressions for time covariant derivatives of kinematic quantities are stated. In particular, a new form of Raychaudhuri's equation enables us to prove Lemma 6.2, which completes a well known lemma used in the proof of Penrose-Hawking singularity theorems.Finally, we apply the new $(1+3)$ formalism to the study of the dynamics of a Kerr-Newman black hole.