cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The school knowledge about health in physical education: A review
Creators: name: Oliveira, João Paulo
name: Paiva, Andréa Carla De
name: Melo, Marcelo Soares Tavares
name: Brasileiro, Lívia Tenório
name: Souza Júnior, Marcilio
Publisher: name: Motricidade
Year: 2017

description: Health has always marked the History of Physical Education, directing its speech at school. Currently, this discussion has recovered the relevance of health approach at school, trying to rethink its inclusion as a subject to be addressed within Physical Education. In this context, it was our goal to analyse the academic literature about the school health knowledge within physical education. For this we conducted a systematic review study with a statistical survey and qualitative nature of analysis. We define the period of 2008-2014 to collect data, using as database for Periodicals of Physical Education WebQualis system of CAPES, which were treated by categorical analysis technique and by themes. We found that the studies relating School Physical Education and Health identify points about the constitution (selection, organization and systematization) of school knowledge, although the focus of their research were not these. We recognize that the issue of school curriculum in Physical Education, especially around the school knowledge of health has been marked as a potentially important research field to be explored by researchers.
description: Motricidade, Vol 13 (2017): Special Issue
Many-body dark solitons in one-dimensional hard-core Bose gases
Creators: name: Tettamanti, Manuele
name: Parola, Alberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The existence and stability of solitonic states in one-dimensional repulsive Bose-Einstein condensates is investigated within a fully many-body framework by considering the limit of infinite repulsion (Tonks-Girardeau gas). A class of stationary, shape-invariant states propagating at constant velocity are explicitly found and compared to the known solution of the Gross-Pitaevskii equation. The typical features attributed to nonlinearity are thus recovered in a purely linear theory, provided the full many-particle physics is correctly accounted for. However, the formation dynamics predicted by the Gross-Pitaevskii approximation considerably differs from the exact many-body evolution.
description: 10 pages, 9 figures. This version matches the published version
TLD Efficiency calculation for heavy ions: a new approach
Creators: name: Boscolo, D.
name: Scifoni, E.
name: Durante, M.
name: Rosso, V.
name: Krämer, M.
Publisher: name: GSI Helmholtzzentrum fuer Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt
Year: 2014
Subjects: Physics

description: GSI Scientific Report 2013 - GSI Report 2014-1
The emission characteristics of a Z-pinch plasma in a vacuum spark discharge
Creators: name: Fong, Kenneth Sau-Kin
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The Z-pinches in a vacuum spark can be classified into slow, fast and superfast according to their pinch durations. Their emission characteristics are investigated in the visible, ultraviolet and the X-ray wavelengths. The plasma during a fast pinch was found to have an electron temperature between 100 and 600eV. The superfast pinch resulted in a minute cylindrical plasma approximately 40 μm in diameter, with an electron temperature of 1 to 4keV and a lifetime of less than 4ns. The slow and the fast pinch were found to be in agreement with the theoretical results predicted by a shock wave model. The formation of the superfast pinch and its associated high density and temperature were explained as the results of magnetohydrodynamic instability.
Construction of a X-Ray Cabinet for Live Cell Experiments
Creators: name: Khan, R.
name: Becker, A.
name: Taucher-Scholz, G.
name: Durante, M.
name: Fehrenbacher, G.
name: Jakob, B.
Publisher: name: GSI Helmholtzzentrum fuer Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt
Year: 2014
Subjects: Physics

description: GSI Scientific Report 2013 - GSI Report 2014-1
On the distribution of the nodal sets of random spherical harmonics
Creators: name: Wigman, Igor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35P20

description: We study the length of the nodal set of eigenfunctions of the Laplacian on the $\spheredim$-dimensional sphere. It is well known that the eigenspaces corresponding to $\eigval=n(n+\spheredim-1)$ are the spaces $\eigspc$ of spherical harmonics of degree $n$, of dimension $\eigspcdim$. We use the multiplicity of the eigenvalues to endow $\eigspc$ with the Gaussian probability measure and study the distribution of the $\spheredim$-dimensional volume of the nodal sets of a randomly chosen function. The expected volume is proportional to $\sqrt{\eigval}$. One of our main results is bounding the variance of the volume to be $O(\frac{\eigval}{\sqrt{\eigspcdim}})$. In addition to the volume of the nodal set, we study its Leray measure. For every $n$, the expected value of the Leray measure is $\frac{1}{\sqrt{2π}}$. We are able to determine that the asymptotic form of the variance is $\frac{const}{\eigspcdim}$.
description: 47 pages, accepted for publication in the Journal of Mathematical Physics. Lemmas 2.5, 2.11 were proved for any dimension, some other, suggested by the referee, modifications and corrections, were made
Learning Feasibility to Imitate Demonstrators with Different Dynamics
Creators: name: Cao, Zhangjie
name: Hao, Yilun
name: Li, Mengxi
name: Sadigh, Dorsa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The goal of learning from demonstrations is to learn a policy for an agent (imitator) by mimicking the behavior in the demonstrations. Prior works on learning from demonstrations assume that the demonstrations are collected by a demonstrator that has the same dynamics as the imitator. However, in many real-world applications, this assumption is limiting -- to improve the problem of lack of data in robotics, we would like to be able to leverage demonstrations collected from agents with different dynamics. This can be challenging as the demonstrations might not even be feasible for the imitator. Our insight is that we can learn a feasibility metric that captures the likelihood of a demonstration being feasible by the imitator. We develop a feasibility MDP (f-MDP) and derive the feasibility score by learning an optimal policy in the f-MDP. Our proposed feasibility measure encourages the imitator to learn from more informative demonstrations, and disregard the far from feasible demonstrations. Our experiments on four simulated environments and on a real robot show that the policy learned with our approach achieves a higher expected return than prior works. We show the videos of the real robot arm experiments on our website (https://sites.google.com/view/learning-feasibility).
Density functional with full exact exchange, balanced nonlocality of correlation, and constraint satisfaction
Creators: name: Perdew, John P.
name: Staroverov, Viktor N.
name: Tao, Jianmin
name: Scuseria, Gustavo E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct a nonlocal density functional approximation with full exact exchange, while preserving the constraint-satisfaction approach and justified error cancellations of simpler semilocal functionals. This is achieved by interpolating between different approximations suitable for two extreme regions of the electron density. "Normal" regions are well described by semilocal approximations, because of proper accuracy for a slowly-varying density or because of error cancellation between exchange and correlation. "Abnormal" regions, where nonlocality is unveiled, include those in which exchange can dominate correlation (one-electron, nonuniform high-density, and rapidly-varying limits), and those open subsystems of fluctuating electron number over which the exact exchange-correlation hole integrates to a value greater than -1. Regions between these extremes are described by a hybrid functional mixing exact and semilocal exchange energy densities locally. Because our mixing fraction tends to 1 in the high-density limit, we rigorously employ full exact exchange. However, the nonlocality of exchange also requires balanced nonlocality of correlation, which can demand at least five empirical parameters. Our local hybrid functional is perhaps the first size-consistent fourth-rung density functional or hyper-GGA with full exact exchange, is exact for all one-electron densities, and provides an excellent fit to the 223 molecular enthalpies of formation of the G3/99 set and the 42 reaction barrier heights of the BH42/03 set, improving both (but especially the latter) over most semilocal functionals and global hybrids.
description: 14 pages, 6 figures; revised in response to a reviewer's comments
MOTIVATION IS ONE OF THE MOST IMPORTANT FACTORS IN LANGUAGE LEARNING
Creators: name: Isroilova, Shakhnoza
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Motivation is one of the major factors which influence learning. Motivation is a pulling force which “provides the primary impetus to initiate learning the L2 and later the driving force to sustain the long and often tedious learning process”. While researchers and scholars differ regarding the definitions of term, they seem to agree “that motivation is responsible for determining human behavior by energizing it and giving it direction”. Motivation is a psychological term which is considered, in language learning processes, to be the desire, necessity, or wish to learn or acquire something. This article is discussed the importance of motivation in language learning.
title: Semantic relation classification: task formalisation and refinement
Creators: name: Silva, Vivian S.
name: Hürliman, Manuela
name: Davis, Brian
name: Handschuh, Siegfried
name: Freitas, André
Publisher: name: Association for Computational Linguistics
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Data analytics
subject: Semantic relations
subject: Natural language processing
subject: Semantic relation classification

description: The identification of semantic relations between terms within texts is a fundamental task in Natural Language Processing which can support applications requiring a lightweight semantic interpretation model. Currently, semantic relation classification concentrates on relations which are evaluated over open-domain data. This work provides a critique on the set of abstract relations used for semantic relation classification with regard to their ability to express relationships between terms which are found in a domain-specific corpora. Based on this analysis, this work proposes an alternative semantic relation model based on reusing and extending the set of abstract relations present in the DOLCE ontology. The resulting set of relations is well grounded, allows to capture a wide range of relations and could thus be used as a foundation for automatic classification of semantic relations.
Deep Learning Analysis of Cardiac MRI in Legacy Datasets: Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis
Creators: name: Suinesiaputra, Avan
name: Mauger, Charlene A
name: Ambale-Venkatesh, Bharath
name: Bluemke, David A
name: Gade, Josefine Dam
name: Gilbert, Kathleen
name: Janse, Mark
name: Hald, Line Sofie
name: Werkhoven, Conrad
name: Wu, Colin
name: Lima, Joao A
name: Young, Alistair A
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The shape and motion of the heart provide essential clues to understanding the mechanisms of cardiovascular disease. With the advent of large-scale cardiac imaging data, statistical atlases become a powerful tool to provide automated and precise quantification of the status of patient-specific heart geometry with respect to reference populations. The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA), begun in 2000, was the first large cohort study to incorporate cardiovascular MRI in over 5000 participants, and there is now a wealth of follow-up data over 20 years. Building a machine learning based automated analysis is necessary to extract the additional imaging information necessary for expanding original manual analyses. However, machine learning tools trained on MRI datasets with different pulse sequences fail on such legacy datasets. Here, we describe an automated atlas construction pipeline using deep learning methods applied to the legacy cardiac MRI data in MESA. For detection of anatomical cardiac landmark points, a modified VGGNet convolutional neural network architecture was used in conjunction with a transfer learning sequence between two-chamber, four-chamber, and short-axis MRI views. A U-Net architecture was used for detection of the endocardial and epicardial boundaries in short axis images. Both network architectures resulted in good segmentation and landmark detection accuracies compared with inter-observer variations. Statistical relationships with common risk factors were similar between atlases derived from automated vs manual annotations. The automated atlas can be employed in future studies to examine the relationships between cardiac morphology and future events.
A geometric invariant theory construction of moduli spaces of stable maps
Creators: name: Baldwin, Elizabeth
name: Swinarski, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14H10 (Primary); 14D22, 14N35 (Secondary)

description: We construct the moduli spaces of stable maps, \bar M_g,n(P^r,d), via geometric invariant theory (GIT). This construction is only valid over Spec C, but a special case is a GIT presentation of the moduli space of stable curves of genus g with n marked points, \bar M_g,n; this is valid over Spec Z. Our method follows that used in the case n=0 by Gieseker to construct \bar M_g, though our proof that the semistable set is nonempty is entirely different.
description: 75 pages LaTeX; the GIT construction of moduli spaces of stable n-pointed curves is now given over the integers
Heat Transport in Quantum Spin Chains: Stochastic Baths vs Quantum Trajectories
Creators: name: Mejia-Monasterio, Carlos
name: Wichterich, Hannu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the problem of heat conduction in quantum spin chain models. To investigate this problem it is necessary to consider the finite open system connected to heat baths. We describe two different procedures to couple the system with the reservoirs: a model of stochastic heat baths and the quantum trajectories solution of the quantum master equation. The stochastic heat bath procedure operates on the pure wave function of the isolated system, so that it is locally and periodically collapsed to a quantum state consistent with a boundary nonequilibrium state. In contrast, the quantum trajectories procedure evaluates ensemble averages in terms of the reduced density matrix operator of the system. We apply these procedures to different models of quantum spin chains and numerically show their applicability to study the heat flow.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures, submitted to European Physics Journal Special Topics
The effects of massive neutrinos and their mixings on muon decay
Creators: name: Kalyniak, Patricia Ann
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This thesis contains a study of the effects of massive Dirac and Majorana neutrinos and their mixings in the e’ spectrum for the muon decay μ⁺→e⁺ v[sub=e]v[sub=μ] (v[sub=μ; sup=c]. The spectra for both polarized and unpolarized muons are given for the three-neutrino world with a single neutrino of mass in the MeV/c² range. Electron-neutrino correlations are calculated and proposed as a possible signature of Majorana neutrinos. The first-order radiative corrections to the muon decay and the radiative decay μ⁺→e⁺ v[sub=e][v=sub u] are included in this analysis for the case of a single Dirac neutrino of mass in the MeV/c² range mixing into the three-neutrino world. The method of dimensional regularization is used for the calculation of the radiative corrections.
Suzaku Observation of Group of Galaxies NGC 507: Temperature and Metal Distributions in the Intra-cluster Medium
Creators: name: Sato, Kosuke
name: Matsushita, Kyoko
name: Ishisaki, Yoshitaka
name: Yamasaki, Noriko Y.
name: Ishida, Manabu
name: Ohashi, Takaya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Temperature and abundance distributions of the intra-cluster medium (ICM) in the NGC 507 group of galaxies were studied with Suzaku. Observed concentric annular spectra were well-represented by a two temperature model for ICM, and we found steeper abundance gradients for Mg, Si, S, and Fe compared with O in the central region. Abundance ratios of alpha-elements to iron were found to be similar to those in other groups and poor clusters. We calculated metal mass-to-light ratios for Fe, O and Mg (IMLR, OMLR, MMLR) for NGC 507, and values for different systems were compared. Hotter and richer systems tend to show higher values of IMLR, OMLR, and MMLR. OMLR and MMLR were measured to an outer region for the first time with Suzaku, while IMLR was consistent with that with ASCA. We also looked into 2-dimensional map of the hardness ratio, but found no significant deviation from the circular symmetry.
description: 12 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication in PASJ
Equivalence of Gutzwiller and slave-boson mean-field theories for multi-band Hubbard models
Creators: name: Buenemann, Joerg
name: Gebhard, Florian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate that a recently introduced slave-boson mean-field theory is equivalent to our Gutzwiller theory for multi-band Hubbard models with general onsite interactions. We relate the different objects that appear in both approaches at zero temperature and discuss the limitations of both methods.
description: 4 pages
Effects of type of tapering on anaerobic capacity in young basketball players
Creators: name: Lira, Hugo Augusto Alvares Da Silva
name: Oliveira, Geraldo José Santos
name: Vaz, Lilyan Carla Mendonça
name: Mansur, Henrique Novais
name: Paes Neto, Pedro Pinheiro
name: Fortes, Leonardo De Sousa
Publisher: name: Motricidade
Year: 2017

description: The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of the type of tapering on anaerobic capacity in male young basketball players. This was an experimental research with 12 weeks, developed with 47 basketball players, randomly divided into three groups: linear tapering (LG), tapering by step (SG) and control group (CG). All groups participated of the same planning training until the last three weeks of periodization (the tapering phase). Only the CG did not perform tapering. Anaerobic Running Speed Test was carried in the last week of each mesocycle to assess the anaerobic capacity. The findings revealed that anaerobic capacity attenuated from the competitive to tapering phase in LG (p= .01) and SG (p= .01), which was not verified for the CG (p= .29). Significant difference of anaerobic capacity was found between LG and CG (p= .01), SG and CG (p= .01) and between LG and SG (p= .04) in the tapering phase. It was concluded that the tapering strategies were efficient to maximize anaerobic capacity in young basketball players, although linear tapering strategy has been revealed the best strategy for improvement the anaerobic capacity.
description: Motricidade, Vol 13 No 2 (2017)
Deep Learning Aided Packet Routing in Aeronautical Ad-Hoc Networks Relying on Real Flight Data: From Single-Objective to Near-Pareto Multi-Objective Optimization
Creators: name: Liu, Dong
name: Zhang, Jiankang
name: Cui, Jingjing
name: Ng, Soon-Xin
name: Maunder, Robert G.
name: Hanzo, Lajos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Data packet routing in aeronautical ad-hoc networks (AANETs) is challenging due to their high-dynamic topology. In this paper, we invoke deep learning (DL) to assist routing in AANETs. We set out from the single objective of minimizing the end-to-end (E2E) delay. Specifically, a deep neural network (DNN) is conceived for mapping the local geographic information observed by the forwarding node into the information required for determining the optimal next hop. The DNN is trained by exploiting the regular mobility pattern of commercial passenger airplanes from historical flight data. After training, the DNN is stored by each airplane for assisting their routing decisions during flight relying solely on local geographic information. Furthermore, we extend the DL-aided routing algorithm to a multi-objective scenario, where we aim for simultaneously minimizing the delay, maximizing the path capacity, and maximizing the path lifetime. Our simulation results based on real flight data show that the proposed DL-aided routing outperforms existing position-based routing protocols in terms of its E2E delay, path capacity as well as path lifetime, and it is capable of approaching the Pareto front that is obtained using global link information.
description: Published in IEEE Internet of Things Journal
Magnetic fields and accretion flows on the classical T Tauri star V2129 Oph
Creators: name: Donati, JF
name: Jardine, MM
name: Gregory, SG
name: Petit, P
name: Bouvier, J
name: Dougados, C
name: Menard, F
name: Cameron, AC
name: Harries, TJ
name: Jeffers, SV
name: Paletou, F
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: From observations collected with the ESPaDOnS spectropolarimeter, we report the discovery of magnetic fields at the surface of the mildly accreting classical T Tauri star V2129 Oph. Zeeman signatures are detected, both in photospheric lines and in the emission lines formed at the base of the accretion funnels linking the disc to the protostar, and monitored over the whole rotation cycle of V2129 Oph. We observe that rotational modulation dominates the temporal variations of both unpolarized and circularly polarized line profiles. We reconstruct the large-scale magnetic topology at the surface of V2129 Oph from both sets of Zeeman signatures simultaneously. We find it to be rather complex, with a dominant octupolar component and a weak dipole of strengths 1.2 and 0.35 kG, respectively, both slightly tilted with respect to the rotation axis. The large-scale field is anchored in a pair of 2-kG unipolar radial field spots located at high latitudes and coinciding with cool dark polar spots at photospheric level. This large-scale field geometry is unusually complex compared to those of non-accreting cool active subgiants with moderate rotation rates. As an illustration, we provide a first attempt at modelling the magnetospheric topology and accretion funnels of V2129 Oph using field extrapolation. We find that the magnetosphere of V2129 Oph must extend to about 7R* to ensure that the footpoints of accretion funnels coincide with the high-latitude accretion spots on the stellar surface. It suggests that the stellar magnetic field succeeds in coupling to the accretion disc as far out as the corotation radius, and could possibly explain the slow rotation of V2129 Oph. The magnetospheric geometry we derive produces X-ray coronal fluxes typical of those observed in cTTSs.
description: MNRAS, in press (18 pages, 17 figures)
title: A Conversation-oriented language for B2B integration based on Semantic Web Services
Creators: name: Gomez, Juan Miguel
name: Haller, Armin
name: Bussler, Christoph
Publisher: name: University of Galway
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Semantic web services
subject: B2B conversation
subject: Semantic web
subject: Electronic data interchange
subject: Electronic commerce
subject: Business enterprises -- Data processing
subject: Web services
subject: Semantic Web

description: Establishing conversations in a B2B environment has significantly eased since the advent of standards such as RosettaNet and ebXML. These standardisation efforts have maintained some flexibility in defining interactions among business partners to allow companies with different internal processes to comply with them. However, the standards are syntactic, rather than semantic. Constraints on the interactions are currently represented informally, if at all. If two business partners want to communicate they still have to find out if the overall constraint set is fulfilled by the other respective business partner. To define this global interaction in the context of a conversation we introduce a formally de- scribed language, called L3. This language grounds on well- defined execution semantics and incorporates a history of the conversation. In our approach, we show how the language allows business partners to define their constraints on the interaction from a global perspective, how certain properties of the conversation may be formally checked, such as deadlock-freedom and how it builds on an architecture based on Semantic Web Services.
Single-Shot Compression for Hypothesis Testing
Creators: name: Carpi, Fabrizio
name: Garg, Siddharth
name: Erkip, Elza
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Enhanced processing power in the cloud allows constrained devices to offload costly computations: for instance, complex data analytics tasks can be computed by remote servers. Remote execution calls for a new compression paradigm that optimizes performance on the analytics task within a rate constraint, instead of the traditional rate-distortion framework which focuses on source reconstruction. This paper considers a simple binary hypothesis testing scenario where the resource constrained client (transmitter) performs fixed-length single-shot compression on data sampled from one of two distributions; the server (receiver) performs a hypothesis test on multiple received samples to determine the correct source distribution. To this end, the task-aware compression problem is formulated as finding the optimal source coder that maximizes the asymptotic error performance of the hypothesis test on the server side under a rate constraint. A new source coding strategy based on a greedy optimization procedure is proposed and it is shown that that the proposed compression scheme outperforms universal fixed-length single-shot coding scheme for a range of rate constraints.
description: 5 pages, IEEE SPAWC 2021
The subhalo - satellite connection and the fate of disrupted satellite galaxies
Creators: name: Yang, Xiaohu
name: Mo, H. J.
name: Bosch, Frank C. van den
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the standard paradigm, satellite galaxies are believed to be associated with the population of dark matter subhalos. In this paper, we use the conditional stellar mass functions of {\it satellite galaxies} obtained from a large galaxy group catalogue together with models of the subhalo mass functions to explore the fraction and fate of stripped stars from satellites in galaxy groups and clusters of different masses. The majority of the stripped stars in massive halos are predicted to end up as intra-cluster stars, and the predicted amounts of the intra-cluster component as a function of the velocity dispersion of galaxy system match well the observational results obtained by Gonzalez et al. (2007). The fraction of the mass in the stripped stars to that remain bound in the central and satellite galaxies is the highest ($\sim 40%$ of the total stellar mass) in halos with masses $M_h\sim 10^{14}\msunh$. If all these stars end up in the intra-cluster component (Max), or maximum of them are accreted into the central galaxy (Min), then we can predict that a maximum $\sim 19%$ and a minimum $\sim 5%$ of the total stars in the whole universe are in terms of the diffused intra-cluster component. In the former case, in massive halos with $M_h \sim 10^{15} \msunh$, the stellar mass of the intra-cluster component is roughly 6 times as large as that of the central galaxy. This factor decreases to $\sim 2$, 1 and 0.1 in halos with $M_h \sim 10^{14}$, $10^{13}$, and $10^{12} \msunh$, respectively. The total amount of stars stripped from satellite galaxies is insufficient to build up the central galaxies in halos with masses $\la 10^{12.5}\msunh$, and so the quenching of star formation must occur in halos with higher masses. Abridged.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures. References added. Accepted for publication in ApJ
Stellar structures, molecular gas, and star formation across the PHANGS sample of nearby galaxies
Creators: name: Querejeta, M.
name: Schinnerer, E.
name: Meidt, S.
name: Sun, J.
name: Leroy, A. K.
name: Emsellem, E.
name: Klessen, R. S.
name: Munoz-Mateos, J. C.
name: Salo, H.
name: Laurikainen, E.
name: Beslic, I.
name: Blanc, G. A.
name: Chevance, M.
name: Dale, D. A.
name: Eibensteiner, C.
name: Faesi, C.
name: Garcia-Rodriguez, A.
name: Glover, S. C. O.
name: Grasha, K.
name: Henshaw, J.
name: Herrera, C.
name: Hughes, A.
name: Kreckel, K.
name: Kruijssen, J. M. D.
name: Liu, D.
name: Murphy, E. J.
name: Pan, H. -A.
name: Pety, J.
name: Razza, A.
name: Rosolowsky, E.
name: Saito, T.
name: Schruba, A.
name: Usero, A.
name: Watkins, E. J.
name: Williams, T. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We identify stellar structures in the PHANGS sample of 74 nearby galaxies and construct morphological masks of sub-galactic environments based on Spitzer 3.6 micron images. At the simplest level, we distinguish centres, bars, spiral arms, interarm and discs without strong spirals. Slightly more sophisticated masks include rings and lenses, publicly released but not explicitly used in this paper. We examine trends using PHANGS-ALMA CO(2-1) intensity maps and tracers of star formation. The interarm regions and discs without strong spirals dominate in area, whereas molecular gas and star formation are quite evenly distributed among the five basic environments. We reproduce the molecular Kennicutt-Schmidt relation with a slope compatible with unity within the uncertainties, without significant slope differences among environments. In contrast to early studies, we find that bars are not always deserts devoid of gas and star formation, but instead they show large diversity. Similarly, spiral arms do not account for most of the gas and star formation in disc galaxies, and they do not have shorter depletion times than the interarm regions. Spiral arms accumulate gas and star formation, without systematically boosting the star formation efficiency. Centres harbour remarkably high surface densities and on average shorter depletion times than other environments. Centres of barred galaxies show higher surface densities and wider distributions compared to the outer disc; yet, depletion times are similar to unbarred galaxies, suggesting highly intermittent periods of star formation when bars episodically drive gas inflow, without enhancing the central star formation efficiency permanently. In conclusion, we provide quantitative evidence that stellar structures in galaxies strongly affect the organisation of molecular gas and star formation, but their impact on star formation efficiency is more subtle.
description: 28 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
Non-contact gears: I. Next-to-leading order contribution to lateral Casimir force between corrugated parallel plates
Creators: name: Cavero-Pelaez, Ines
name: Milton, Kimball A.
name: Parashar, Prachi
name: Shajesh, K. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the lateral Casimir force between corrugated parallel plates, described by $δ$-function potentials, interacting through a scalar field, using the multiple scattering formalism. The contributions to the Casimir energy due to uncorrugated parallel plates is treated as a background from the outset. We derive the leading- and next-to-leading-order contribution to the lateral Casimir force for the case when the corrugation amplitudes are small in comparison to corrugation wavelengths. We present explicit results in terms of finite integrals for the case of the Dirichlet limit, and exact results for the weak-coupling limit, for the leading- and next-to-leading-orders. The correction due to the next-to-leading contribution is significant. In the weak coupling limit we calculate the lateral Casimir force exactly in terms of a single integral which we evaluate numerically. Exact results for the case of the weak limit allows us to estimate the error in the perturbative results. We show that the error in the lateral Casimir force, in the weak coupling limit, when the next-to-leading order contribution is included is remarkably low when the corrugation amplitudes are small in comparison to corrugation wavelengths. We expect similar conclusions to hold for the Dirichlet case. The analogous calculation for the electromagnetic case should reduce the theoretical error sufficiently for comparison with the experiments.
description: 25 pages, 10 figures, appendix added, references corrected, typos corrected
Deep Reinforcement Learning Aided Packet-Routing For Aeronautical Ad-Hoc Networks Formed by Passenger Planes
Creators: name: Liu, Dong
name: Cui, Jingjing
name: Zhang, Jiankang
name: Yang, Chenyang
name: Hanzo, Lajos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Data packet routing in aeronautical ad-hoc networks (AANETs) is challenging due to their high-dynamic topology. In this paper, we invoke deep reinforcement learning for routing in AANETs aiming at minimizing the end-to-end (E2E) delay. Specifically, a deep Q-network (DQN) is conceived for capturing the relationship between the optimal routing decision and the local geographic information observed by the forwarding node. The DQN is trained in an offline manner based on historical flight data and then stored by each airplane for assisting their routing decisions during flight. To boost the learning efficiency and the online adaptability of the proposed DQN-routing, we further exploit the knowledge concerning the system's dynamics by using a deep value network (DVN) conceived with a feedback mechanism. Our simulation results show that both DQN-routing and DVN-routing achieve lower E2E delay than the benchmark protocol, and DVN-routing performs similarly to the optimal routing that relies on perfect global information.
Redefining genera of cereal pathogens: Oculimacula, Rhynchosporium and Spermospora
Creators: name: PW Crous
name: U Braun
name: BA McDonald
name: CL Lennox
name: J Edwards
name: RC Mann
name: Zaveri, Anjali Pranjivan
name: CC Linde
name: PS Dyer
name: JZ Groenewald
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2021
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: The taxonomy of Oculimacula, Rhynchosporium and Spermospora is re-evaluated, along with that of phylogenetically related genera. Isolates are identified using comparisons of DNA sequences of the internal transcribed spacer ribosomal RNA locus (ITS), partial translation elongation factor 1-alpha (tef1), actin (act), DNA-directed RNA polymerase II largest (rpb1) and second largest subunit (rpb2) genes, and the nuclear ribosomal large subunit (LSU), combined with their morphological characteristics. Oculimacula is restricted to two species, O. acuformis and O. yallundae, with O. aestiva placed in Cyphellophora, and O. anguioides accommodated in a new genus, Helgardiomyces. Rhynchosporium s. str. is restricted to species with 1-septate conidia and hooked apical beaks, while Rhynchobrunnera is introduced for species with 1–3-septate, straight conidia, lacking any apical beak. Rhynchosporium graminicola is proposed to replace the name R. commune applied to the barley scald pathogen based on nomenclatural priority. Spermospora is shown to be paraphyletic, representing Spermospora (type: S. subulata), with three new species, S. arrhenatheri, S. loliiphila and S. zeae, and Neospermospora gen. nov. (type: N. avenae). Ypsilina (type: Y. graminea), is shown to be monophyletic, but appears to be of minor importance on cereals. Finally, Vanderaaea gen. nov. (type: V. ammophilae), is introduced as a new coelomycetous fungus occurring on dead leaves of Ammophila arenaria.
Spectroscopic Confirmation of a Protocluster at $z=3.37$ with a High Fraction of Quiescent Galaxies
Creators: name: McConachie, Ian
name: Wilson, Gillian
name: Forrest, Ben
name: Marsan, Z. Cemile
name: Muzzin, Adam
name: Cooper, M. C.
name: Annunziatella, Marianna
name: Marchesini, Danilo
name: Chan, Jeffrey C. C.
name: Gomez, Percy
name: Abdullah, Mohamed H.
name: Saracco, Paolo
name: Nantais, Julie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the discovery of MAGAZ3NE J095924+022537, a spectroscopically-confirmed protocluster at $z = 3.3665^{+0.0009}_{-0.0012}$ around a spectroscopically-confirmed $UVJ$-quiescent ultra-massive galaxy (UMG; $M_{\star}=2.34^{+0.23}_{-0.34}\times10^{11} {\rm M}_\odot$) in the COSMOS UltraVISTA field. We present a total of 38 protocluster members (14 spectroscopic and 24 photometric), including the UMG. Notably, and in marked contrast to protoclusters previously reported at this epoch which have been found to contain predominantly star-forming members, we measure an elevated fraction of quiescent galaxies relative to the coeval field ($73.3^{+26.7}_{-16.9}\%$ versus $11.6^{+7.1}_{-4.9}\%$ for galaxies with stellar mass $M_{\star} \geq 10^{11} {\rm M}_\odot$). This high quenched fraction provides a striking and important counterexample to the seeming ubiquitousness of star-forming galaxies in protoclusters at $z>2$ and suggests, rather, that protoclusters exist in a diversity of evolutionary states in the early Universe. We discuss the possibility that we might be observing either "early mass quenching" or non-classical "environmental quenching." We also present the discovery of MAGAZ3NE J100028+023349, a second spectroscopically-confirmed protocluster, at a very similar redshift of $z = 3.3801^{+0.0213}_{-0.0281}$. We present a total of 20 protocluster members, 12 of which are photometric and 8 spectroscopic including a post-starburst UMG ($M_{\star}=2.95^{+0.21}_{-0.20}\times10^{11} {\rm M}_\odot$). Protoclusters MAGAZ3NE J0959 and MAGAZ3NE J1000 are separated by 18 arcminutes on the sky (35 comoving Mpc), in good agreement with predictions from simulations for the size of "Coma"-type cluster progenitors at this epoch. It is highly likely that the two UMGs are the progenitors of Brightest Cluster Galaxies (BCGs) seen in massive virialized clusters at lower redshift.
description: 19 pages, 6 figures, 3 tables. Accepted for publication in ApJ
Thermodynamics and structure of LixTiS₂ : theory and experiment
Creators: name: Dahn, Jeffery Raymond
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This thesis describes experimental methods, including in situ X-ray diffraction, especially suited to the study of lithium intercalation systems,and discusses the interpretation of the results obtained in a study of Li[sub=x]TiS₂. A rigid plate and spring model of layered intercalation systems is developed and is used to investigate the role of lattice expansion and elastic energy in layered intercalation compounds. When the elastic energy, calculated using the spring and plate model, is included in the Hamiltonian of a three dimensional lattice gas model for Li[sub=x]TiS₂ good agreement between the experimental results and the theoretical predictions are obtained. Staging, not lithium ordering, is identified as the dominant physical mechanism in Li[sub=x]TiS₂.
Predicting the Ionization Threshold for Carriers in Excited Semiconductors
Creators: name: Snoke, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A simple set of formulas is presented which allows prediction of the fraction of ionized carriers in an electron-hole-exciton gas in a photoexcited semiconductor. These results are related to recent experiments with excitons in single and double quantum wells.
Thermodynamic quantum critical behavior of the Kondo necklace model
Creators: name: Reyes, Daniel
name: Continentino, Mucio A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We obtain the phase diagram and thermodynamic behavior of the Kondo necklace model for arbitrary dimensions $d$ using a representation for the localized and conduction electrons in terms of local Kondo singlet and triplet operators. A decoupling scheme on the double time Green's functions yields the dispersion relation for the excitations of the system. We show that in $d\geq 3$ there is an antiferromagnetically ordered state at finite temperatures terminating at a quantum critical point (QCP). In 2-d, long range magnetic order occurs only at T=0. The line of Neel transitions for $d>2$ varies with the distance to the quantum critical point QCP $|g|$ as, $T_N \propto |g|^ψ$ where the shift exponent $ψ=1/(d-1)$. In the paramagnetic side of the phase diagram, the spin gap behaves as $Δ\approx \sqrt{|g|}$ for $d \ge 3$ consistent with the value $z=1$ found for the dynamical critical exponent. We also find in this region a power law temperature dependence in the specific heat for $k_BT\ggΔ$ and along the non-Fermi liquid trajectory. For $k_BT \llΔ$, in the so-called Kondo spin liquid phase, the thermodynamic behavior is dominated by an exponential temperature dependence.
description: Submitted to PRB
The Impact of Observing Strategy on Reliable Classification of Standard Candle Stars: Detection of Amplitude, Period, and Phase Modulation (Blazhko Effect) of RR Lyrae Stars with LSST
Creators: name: Hernitschek, Nina
name: Stassun, Keivan G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Vera C. Rubin Observatory will carry out its Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST) with a single-exposure depth of $r{\sim}24.7$ and an anticipated baseline of 10 years, allowing to access the Milky Way's old halo not only deeper, but also with a longer baseline and better cadence than e.g. PS1 3$π$ (Chambers et al. 2016). This will make LSST ideal to study populations of variable stars such as RR Lyrae stars (RRL). Here, we address the question of observing strategy optimization of LSST, as survey footprint definition, single visit exposure time as well as the cadence of repeat visits in different filters are yet to be finalized. We present metrics used to assess the impact of different observing strategies on the reliable detectability and classification of standard-candle variable stars, including detection of amplitude period, phase modulation effects of RR Lyrae stars, the so-called Blazhko effect (Blazhko 1907, Kollath et al. 2011), by evaluating metrics for simulated potential survey designs. So far, due to depth and cadence of typical all-sky surveys, it was nearly impossible to study this effect on a larger sample. All-sky surveys with relatively few observations over a moderately long baseline allow only for fitting phase-folded RRL light curves, thus integrating over the complete survey length and hiding any information regarding possible period or phase modulation during the survey. On the other hand, surveys with a cadence to detect slightly changing light curves usually have a relatively small footprint. LSST's survey strategy, however, will allow for studying variable stars in a way that makes population studies possible.
description: submitted to ApJ to be considered for the ApJS Rubin Cadence Focus Issues, accepted for publication
Non-contact gears: II. Casimir torque between concentric corrugated cylinders for the scalar case
Creators: name: Cavero-Pelaez, Ines
name: Milton, Kimball A.
name: Parashar, Prachi
name: Shajesh, K. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Casimir interaction between two concentric corrugated cylinders provides the mechanism for non-contact gears. To this end, we calculate the Casimir torque between two such cylinders, described by $δ$-potentials, which interact through a scalar field. We derive analytic expressions for the Casimir torque for the case when the corrugation amplitudes are small in comparison to the corrugation wavelengths. We derive explicit results for the Dirichlet case, and exact results for the weak coupling limit, in the leading order. The results for the corrugated cylinders approach the corresponding expressions for the case of corrugated parallel plates in the limit of large radii of cylinders (relative to the difference in their radii) while keeping the corrugation wavelength fixed.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures, references corrected
The effect of quantum noise on algorithmic perfect quantum state transfer on NISQ processors
Creators: name: Babukhin, D. V.
name: Pogosov, W. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum walks are an analog of classical random walks in quantum systems. Quantum walks have smaller hitting times compared to classical random walks on certain types of graphs, leading to a quantum advantage of quantum-walks-based algorithms. An important feature of quantum walks is that they are accompanied by the excitation transfer from one site to another, and a moment of hitting the destination site is characterized by the maximum probability amplitude of observing the excitation on this site. It is therefore prospective to consider such problems as candidates for quantum advantage demonstration, since gate errors can smear out a peak in the transfer probability as a function of time, nevertheless leaving it distinguishable. We investigate the influence of quantum noise on hitting time and fidelity of a typical quantum walk problem - a perfect state transfer (PST) over a qubit chain. We simulate dynamics of a single excitation over the chain of qubits in the presence of typical noises of a quantum processor (homogeneous and inhomogeneous Pauli noise, crosstalk noise, thermal relaxation, and dephasing noise). We find that Pauli noise mostly smears out a peak in the fidelity of excitation transfer, while crosstalks between qubits mostly affect the hitting time. Knowledge about these noise patterns allows us to propose an error mitigation procedure, which we use to refine the results of running the PST on a simulator of a noisy quantum processor.
description: 19 pages, 7 figures