cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Eddy saturation of the Southern Ocean: a baroclinic versus barotropic perspective
Creators: name: Constantinou, Navid C.
name: Hogg, Andrew McC.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: "Eddy saturation" is the regime in which the total time-mean volume transport of an oceanic current is relatively insensitive to the wind stress forcing and is often invoked as a dynamical description of Southern Ocean circulation. We revisit the problem of eddy saturation using a primitive-equations model in an idealized channel setup with bathymetry. We apply only mechanical wind stress forcing; there is no diapycnal mixing or surface buoyancy forcing. Our main aim is to assess the relative importance of two mechanisms for producing eddy saturated states: (i) the commonly invoked baroclinic mechanism that involves the competition of sloping isopycnals and restratification by production of baroclinic eddies, and (ii) the barotropic mechanism, that involves production of eddies through lateral shear instabilities or through the interaction of the barotropic current with bathymetric features. Our results suggest that the barotropic flow-component plays a crucial role in determining the total volume transport.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures
Effect of magnetic field on impurity bound states in high-temperature superconductors
Creators: name: Samokhin, K. V.
name: Walker, M. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the influence of a magnetic field H on the quasiparticle bound states near scalar impurities in d-wave superconductors. A ``Doppler shift'' in the excitation energies induced by the supercurrent leads to several important effects. At large but finite impurity strength, there are corrections to the energy and width of the impurity-induced resonance, proportional to H^2. On the other hand, in the limit of very strong impurity potential (unitary limit), the bound state is destroyed and acquires a finite width proportional to H/ln H. There are also considerable changes in the asymptotic behaviour of the bound state wave functions.
description: RevTeX, 5 pages, 2 figures
Additional file 1 of Interventions for treatment of COVID-19: a protocol for a living systematic review with network meta-analysis including individual patient data (The LIVING Project)
Creators: name: Juul, Sophie
name: Nielsen, Niklas
name: Bentzer, Peter
name: Veroniki, Areti Angeliki
name: Thabane, Lehana
name: Linder, Adam
name: Klingenberg, Sarah
name: Gluud, Christian
name: Jakobsen, Janus Christian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. PRISMA-P 2015 Checklist.
Computational neuroscience across the lifespan: Promises and pitfalls
Creators: name: Bruckner, Rasmus
name: Nassar, Matthew R.
name: Mata, Rui
name: Eppinger, Ben
name: Wouter Van Den, Bos
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Computational neuroscience
subject: Reinforcement learning
subject: Risk-taking
subject: Decision-making
subject: Brain development
subject: Identification
subject: Strategies
subject: 100 Philosophie und Psychologie::150 Psychologie::153 Kognitive Prozesse, Intelligenz

description: In recent years, the application of computational modeling in studies on age-related changes in decision making and learning has gained in popularity. One advantage of computational models is that they provide access to latent variables that cannot be directly observed from behavior. In combination with experimental manipulations, these latent variables can help to test hypotheses about age-related changes in behavioral and neurobiological measures at a level of specificity that is not achievable with descriptive analysis approaches alone. This level of specificity can in turn be beneficial to establish the identity of the corresponding behavioral and neurobiological mechanisms. In this paper, we will illustrate applications of computational methods using examples of lifespan research on risk taking, strategy selection and reinforcement learning. We will elaborate on problems that can occur when computational neuroscience methods are applied to data of different age groups. Finally, we will discuss potential targets for future applications and outline general shortcomings of computational neuroscience methods for research on human lifespan development.
Dynamical Behavior of a Squid Ring Coupled to a Quantized Electromagnetic Field
Creators: name: Migliore, R.
name: Messina, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we investigate the dynamical behavior of a SQUID ring coupled to a quantized single-mode electromagnetic field. We have calculated the eigenstates of the combined fully quantum mechanical SQUID-field system. Interesting phenomena occur when the energy difference between the usual symmetric and anti-symmetric SQUID states equals the field energy . We find the low-energy lying entangled stationary states of the system and demonstrate that its dynamics is dominated by coherent Rabi oscillations.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures. to be published on International Journal of Modern Physics B
Pisanosaurus mertii Casamiquela 1967
Creators: name: Nesbitt, Sterling J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Reptilia
Ornithischia
Pisanosauridae
Pisanosaurus
Pisanosaurus mertii

description: Pisanosaurus mertii Casamiquela, 1967
AGE: Late Carnian–early Norian, Late Triassic (Rogers et al., 1993, adjusted for the new Triassic timescale of Muttoni et al., 2004).
OCCURRENCE: Middle portion of the Ischigualasto Formation, Ischigualasto basin, Argentina.
HOLOTYPE: PVL 2577, tooth-bearing elements, vertebrae, incomplete hind limb, impression of the pelvis.
 REMARKS: Since its discovery, Pisanosaurus was considered the most primitive ornithischian (Casamiquela, 1967; Bonaparte, 1976; Weishampel and Witmer, 1990; Sereno, 1991b; Irmis et al., 2007a; Butler et al., 2007, 2008b). However, questions about the association of the material plagued certainty regarding the validity of the taxon. Our current understanding of the taxon can be better understood only with the discovery of a new specimen. However, Pisanosaurus is almost always found as the basalmost member of Ornithischia (Langer and Benton, 2006; Butler et al., 2007, 2008b; Irmis et al., 2007a) because of the combination of ornithischian synapomorphies and archosaur plesiomorphies, such as the anteroventrally directed pubis.
KEY REFERENCES: Casamiquela, 1967; Bonaparte, 1976; Weishampel and Witmer, 1990; Sereno, 1991b; Irmis et al., 2007a; Butler et al., 2008b.
description: Published as part of Nesbitt, Sterling J., 2011, The Early Evolution Of Archosaurs: Relationships And The Origin Of Major Clades, pp. 1-292 in Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2011 (352) on pages 49-50, DOI: 10.1206/352.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5405335
Additional file 3: of Cross-border comparison of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and AMR prevention measures: the healthcare workersâ perspective
Creators: name: J. Keizer
name: L. Braakman-Jansen
name: S. Kampmeier
name: R. KĂśck
name: N. Naiemi
name: R. Riet-Warning
name: N. Beerlage-De Jong
name: K. Becker
name: J. Gemert-Pijnen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Table S2b. Ranked ANCOVA (corrected for age, gender and years of hospital experience) results of (i) all respondents, (ii) German/Dutch physicians, and (iii) German/Dutch nurses, including p-values of differences between nationalities. Table S3b. Ranked ANCOVA (corrected for age, gender and years of hospital experience) results of (i) all respondents, (ii) German/Dutch physicians, and (iii) German/Dutch nurses, including p-values of differences between nationalities. Comparison of unadjusted (Mann-Whitney U tests) adjusted (ranked ANCOVA (corrected for age, gender and years of hospital experience)) results. (DOCX 32 kb)
Photoemission study of the skutterudite compounds Co(Sb$_{1-x}$Te$_{x}$)$_3$ and RhSb$_3$
Creators: name: Ishii, H.
name: Okazaki, K.
name: Fujimori, A.
name: Nagamoto, Y.
name: Koyanagi, T.
name: Sofo, J. O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have studied the electronic structure of the skutterudite compounds Co(Sb$_{1-x}$Te$_{x}$)$_3$ (x= 0, 0.02, 0.04) by photoemission spectroscopy. Valence-band spectra revealed that Sb 5p states are dominant near the Fermi level and are hybridized with Co 3d states just below it. The spectra of {\it p}-type CoSb$_3$ are well reproduced by the band-structure calculation, which suggests that the effect of electron correlations is not strong in CoSb$_3$. When Te is substituted for Sb and n-type carriers are doped into CoSb$_3$, the spectra are shifted to higher binding energies as predicted by the rigid-band model. From this shift and the free-electron model for the conduction and valence bands, we have estimated the band gap of CoSb$_3$ to be 0.03-0.04 eV, which is consistent with the result of transport measurements. Photoemission spectra of RhSb$_3$ have also been measured and revealed similarities to and differences from those of CoSb$_3$.
description: 6 pages, 7 figures
Multisymplectic actions of compact Lie groups on spheres
Creators: name: Miti, Antonio Michele
name: Ryvkin, Leonid
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 3D05, 53D20, 54H15, 57S15, 57S25, 22C05, 22F30, 37K05

description: We investigate the existence of homotopy comoment maps (comoments) for high-dimensional spheres seen as multisymplectic manifolds. Especially, we solve the existence problem for compact effective group actions on spheres and provide explicit constructions for such comoments in interesting particular cases.
description: 26 pages; Corrected and added some references to the literature, especially regarding the cohomological obstructions to the existence of comoments in multisymplectic geometry. The abstract and introduction are changed accordingly, laying more focus on the second part of the publication. Implemented several minor revisions related to typos and inconsistencies in notation
Additional file 2: of Cross-border comparison of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and AMR prevention measures: the healthcare workersâ perspective
Creators: name: J. Keizer
name: L. Braakman-Jansen
name: S. Kampmeier
name: R. KĂśck
name: N. Naiemi
name: R. Riet-Warning
name: N. Beerlage-De Jong
name: K. Becker
name: J. Gemert-Pijnen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Table S2a. Statement responses of (i) all respondents, (ii) German/Dutch physicians, and (iii) German/Dutch nurses, including p-values of differences between nationalities. Table S3a. APM responses of (i) all respondents, (ii) German/Dutch physicians, and (iii) German/Dutch nurses, including p-values of differences between nationalities. Full results on AMR (2a) and APM (3a) in the form of percentages per answer category. (DOCX 33 kb)
The Use of River Flow Discharge and Sediment Load for Multi-Objective Calibration of SWAT Based on the Bayesian Inference
Creators: name: Cheng, Qin-Bo
name: Chen, Xi
name: Wang, Jiao
name: Zhang, Zhi-Cai
name: Zhang, Run-Run
name: Xie, Yong-Yu
name: Reinhardt-Imjela, Christian
name: Schulte, Achim
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: multi-objective
subject: likelihood function
subject: Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency
subject: BC-GED
subject: SWAT
subject: sediment
subject: Bayesian inference
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::550 Geowissenschaften, Geologie::551 Geologie, Hydrologie, Meteorologie
subject: 000 Informatik, Informationswissenschaft, allgemeine Werke::000 Informatik, Wissen, Systeme::005 Computerprogrammierung, Programme, Daten

description: The soil and water assessment tool (SWAT) is widely used to quantify the spatial and temporal patterns of sediment loads for watershed-scale management of sediment and nonpoint-source pollutants. However few studies considered the trade-off between flow and sediment objectives during model calibration processes. This study proposes a new multi-objective calibration method that incorporates both flow and sediment observed information into a likelihood function based on the Bayesian inference. For comparison, two likelihood functions, i.e., the Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency coefficient (NSE) approach that assumes model residuals follow the Gaussian distribution, and the BC-GED approach that assumes model residuals after Box–Cox transformation (BC) follow the generalized error distribution (GED), are applied for calibrating the flow and sediment parameters of SWAT with the water balance model and the variable source area concept (SWAT-WB-VSA) in the Baocun watershed, Eastern China. Compared with the single-objective method, the multi-objective approach improves the performance of sediment simulations without significantly impairing the performance of flow simulations, and reduces the uncertainty of flow parameters, especially flow concentration parameters. With the NSE approach, SWAT-WB-VSA captures extreme flood events well, but fails to mimic low values of river discharge and sediment load, possibly because the NSE approach is an informal likelihood function, and puts greater emphasis on high values. By contrast, the BC-GED approach approximates a formal likelihood function, and balances consideration of the high- and low- values. As a result, inferred results of the BC-GED method are more reasonable and consistent with the field survey results and previous related-studies. This method even discriminates the nonerodible characteristic of main channels.
Manifestation of multiband optical properties of MgB$_2$
Creators: name: Kuz'menko, A. B.
name: Mena, F. P.
name: Molegraaf, H. J. A.
name: van der Marel, D.
name: Gorshunov, B.
name: Dressel, M.
name: Mazin, I. I.
name: Kortus, J.
name: Dolgov, O. V.
name: Muranaka, T.
name: Akimitsu, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The optical conductivity of MgB$_2$ has been determined on a dense polycrystalline sample in the spectral range 6 meV - 4.6 eV using a combination of ellipsometric and normal incidence reflectivity measurements. $σ_{1}(ω)$ features a narrow Drude peak with anomalously small plasma frequency (1.4 eV) and a very broad "dome" structure, which comprises the bulk of the low-energy spectral weight. This fact can be reconciled with the results of band structure calculations by assuming that charge carriers from the 2D $σ$-bands and the 3D $π$-bands have principally different impurity scattering rates and negligible interband scattering. This also explains a surprisingly small correlation between the defect concentration and $T_c$, expected for a two-gap superconductor. The large 3D carrier scattering rate suggests their proximity to the localization limit.
description: RevTeX, 4 pages, 5 figures
ANTROPOLOGI BUDAYA
Creators: name: Mulyati, Mulyati
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: Education

description: Perlu diketahui banyak sekali ilmu yang mengkaji tentang manusia ,dari hal tersebut mereka sudah memiliki kajian dan pandangan tersendiri dalam pengamatannya.salah nya ilmu yang mepelajari manusia dari sudut dan cara berpikir serta beperilaku yaitu adalah ilmu antropologi atau sering juga disebut antropologi sosial dan budaya . Pada dasarnya antropologi budaya ini merupakan sebuah cabang dari antropologi budaya yang menyelidiki kebudayaan pada umumnya dan juga beberapa kebudayaan bagi bangsa di muka bumi ,menyelidiki apakah manusia sekarang mampu berkebudayaan dan mengembangkan kebudayaan itu sepanjang zaman . dengan itu menyangkut bagaimana manusia terhadap akal dengan struktur fisik yang sangat unik lalu menghasilkan mengubah lingkungan yang bukan di tentukan hanya semata – mata naluri . melainkan mendapatkan sebuah pelajaran dan pengalaman serta pengajaran yang seluas – luasnya . manusia lebih cenderung bergabung dengan kesatuan , baik itu kecil maupun kesatuan besar , suku atau bangsa. Dan dapat kita ketahui budaya yang ada di Indonesia ini sangat banyak dan beragam pada keberagaman nya tersebut kita masih bisa merasakannya sendiri dari mereka yang menunjukan sebuah unsur maupun kebudayaan terhadap sikap seseorang tersebut .
Fluctuation-dissipation theorem and flux noise in overdamped Josephson junction arrays
Creators: name: Korshunov, S. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The form of the fluctuation-dissipation theorem for a resistively shunted Josephson juction array is derived with the help of the method which explicitely takes into acoount screening effects. This result is used to express the flux noise power spectrum in terms of frequency dependent sheet impedance of the array. The relation between noise amplitude and parameters of the detection coil is analysed for the simplest case of a single-loop coil.
description: ReVTeX, 8 pages
Galaxy Structural Analysis with the Curvature of the Brightness Profile
Creators: name: Lucatelli, Geferson
name: Ferrari, Fabricio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we introduce the curvature of a galaxy brightness profile to identify its structural subcomponents in a non-parametrically fashion. Bulges, bars, disks, lens, rings and spiral arms are key to understand the formation and evolution path the galaxy undertook. Identifying them is also crucial for morphological classification of galaxies. We measure and analyse in detail the curvature of $14$ galaxies with varied morphology. High (low) steepness profiles show high (low) curvature measures. Transitions between components are identified as local peaks oscillations in the values of the curvature. We identify patterns that characterise bulges (pseudo or classic), disks, bars and rings. This method can be automated to identify galaxy components in large datasets or to provide a reliable starting point for traditional multicomponent modelling of galaxy light distribution.
description: 21 pages, 19 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
The Hadron Hose: Continuous Toroidal Focusing for Conventional Neutrino Beams
Creators: name: Hylen, J.
name: Bogert, D.
name: Ducar, R.
name: Garkusha, V.
name: Hall, J.
name: Jensen, C.
name: Kopp, S. E.
name: Kostin, M.
name: Lyukov, A.
name: Marchionni, A.
name: May, M.
name: Messier, M. D.
name: Milburn, R.
name: Novoskoltsev, F.
name: Proga, M.
name: Pushka, D.
name: Smart, W.
name: Walton, J.
name: Zarucheisky, V.
name: Zwaska, R. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have developed a new focusing system for conventional neutrino beams. The ``Hadron Hose'' is a wire located in the meson decay volume, downstream of the target and focusing horns. The wire is pulsed with high current to provide a toroidal magnetic field which continuously focuses mesons. The hose increases the neutrino event rate and reduces differences between near-field and far-field neutrino spectra for oscillation experiments. We have studied this device as part of the development of the Neutrinos at the Main Injector (NuMI) project, but it might also be of use for other conventional neutrino beams.
description: accepted for publication in Nuclear Instruments and Methods
Herrerasaurus ischigualastensis Reig 1963
Creators: name: Nesbitt, Sterling J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Reptilia
Saurischia
Herrerasauridae
Herrerasaurus
Herrerasaurus ischigualastensis

description: Herrerasaurus ischigualastensis Reig, 1963   (fig. 12G–H)
AGE: Late Carnian, Late Triassic (Rogers et al., 1993, adjusted for the new Triassic timescale of Muttoni et al., 2004).
OCCURRENCE: Ischigualasto Formation, Argentina.
HOLOTYPE: PVL 2566, dorsal, sacral, and caudal vertebrae, ilium, pubis, ischium, right femur, metatarsals, phalanges, left astragalus.
REFERRED MATERIAL: PVSJ 373, wellpreserved articulated skeleton, lacking skull and most cervical and caudal vertebrae; PVSJ 407, nearly complete articulated skeleton with skull and mandible.
REMARKS: See Nesbitt et al., 2009a.
KEY REFERENCES: Reig, 1963; Sereno and Novas, 1992; Novas, 1994; Sereno, 1994; Langer and Benton, 2006.
description: Published as part of Nesbitt, Sterling J., 2011, The Early Evolution Of Archosaurs: Relationships And The Origin Of Major Clades, pp. 1-292 in Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2011 (352) on pages 51-53, DOI: 10.1206/352.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5405335
JO'JALAR TEZAK NAMUNALARIDAN EYMERIYA OOSISTLARINI AJRATIB OLISH
Creators: name: Xudjamshukurov A.N. Asanov A.U. Hazratqulov Z.G'. Samarqand davlat veterinariya meditsinasi, chorvachilik va biotexnologiyalar universiteti
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Jo‘ja eymeriozini o‘rganishda O‘D50-70 dozalarini aniqlash uchunjo‘jalarni sun’iy zararlantirishda tovuqlar axlatidan eymeriya qo‘zg‘atuvchilarini(oosistlarini) ajratib olishusuli va undan titrlangan eymeriyalar kulturasinitayyorlash va oosistlar kulturasini o‘stirishni bo‘yicha maqolada bayon etilgan
Probing the p-Ge_{1-x}Si_x/Ge/p-Ge_{1-x}Si_x quantum well by means of the quantum Hall effect
Creators: name: Yakunin, M. V.
name: Alshanskii, G. A.
name: Arapov, Yu. G.
name: Harus, G. I.
name: Neverov, V. N.
name: Shelushinina, N. G.
name: Kuznetsov, O. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have measured the temperature (0.1 < T < 15 K) and magnetic field (0 < B < 32 T) dependences of longitudinal and Hall resistivities for the p-Ge_{1-x}Si_x/Ge, x=~0.07, multilayers with different Ge layer widths 10 < d_w < 38 nm and hole densities p_s = (1-5)x10^{15} m^{-2}. An extremely high sensitivity of the experimental data [the structure of magnetoresistance traces, relative values of the inter-Landau-level (LL) gaps deduced from the activated magnetotransport etc] to the quantum well (QW) characteristics has been revealed in the cases when the Fermi level reaches the second confinement subband. The background density of states (5-10)x10^{14} m^{-2}meV^{-1} deduced from the activation behavior of the magnetoresistance is too high to be attributed to the LL tails, but may be accounted for within a smooth random potential model. The hole gas in the Ge QW has been found to separate into two sublayers for d_w > ~35 nm and p_s = ~5x10^{15} m^{-2}. A dramatic indication to this separation is the disappearance of the quantum Hall (QH) plateau for the filling factor nu = 1 as calculated for the whole Ge layer. Concomitantly a positive magnetoresistance emerges in the weakest fields, from which about a factor of two different mobilities in the sublayers have been deduced. A model is suggested to explain the existence of the QH plateaux close to the fundamental values in a system of two parallel layers with different mobilities. A comparison of the simulated structure of the QH magnetoresistivity with the experimental one indicates that the hole densities in the sublayers are not much different. Thus, the different mobilities are due to different quality of the normal and inverted interfaces of the Ge QW.
description: pdf, 9 pages, 12 figures (included)
Didaktische Konzeption einer Augmented-Reality-Experimentierumgebung
Creators: name: Ermel, Dorothee
name: Haase, Sebastian
name: Kirstein, Jürgen
name: Nordmeier, Volkhard
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Augmented-Reality
subject: Bildung
subject: Lernbegleitung
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::370 Bildung und Erziehung::378 Hochschulbildung
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::530 Physik

description: Ziel des Forschungsprojekts “Erfahrungsbasiertes Lernen durch interaktives Experimentieren in erweiterten Realumgebungen - ELIXIER” ist die Verbesserung experimenteller Praktika in der naturwissenschaftlichen sowie ingenieurstechnischen Bildung. Eine adaptive Mixed-Reality-Experimentierumgebung ermöglicht dazu eine nahtlose Lernbegleitung (Seamless Learning) über alle Phasen des Experimentierzyklus (Orientieren - Vorbereiten - Durchführen - Nachbereiten). Die Integration multimedialer und interaktiver Elemente soll die Experimentiererfahrung erweitern und den experimentellen Kompetenzerwerb verbessern. Der Lernprozess wird durch die Analyse von Handlungen, Experimentzuständen und über die intelligente Vernetzung aller Komponenten in einer webbasierten Infrastrukturlösung im “Seamless Smart Lab (S2L)” unterstützt. Eine virtuelle, tutorielle Assistenz begleitet den Experimentierzyklus und stellt bedarfsgerecht Informationen und weiterführende Hinweise zur Verfügung. In ersten Nutzerstudien wurde das System als nützlich zum Lernen eingestuft und die Funktionen als sinnvoll erachtet.
Staurikosaurus pricei Colbert 1970
Creators: name: Nesbitt, Sterling J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Reptilia
Saurischia
Herrerasauridae
Staurikosaurus
Staurikosaurus pricei

description: Staurikosaurus pricei Colbert, 1970
AGE: Late Carnian–early Norian, Late Triassic Alemoa local fauna (Langer, 2005a).
OCCURRENCE: Alemoa Member, Santa Maria Formation, Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil.
HOLOTYPE: MCZ 1669, incomplete skeleton including partial mandibular rami, almost complete vertebral column including six cervical vertebrae, most of the trunk and caudal series, the complete sacrum, two fragments of the scapulocoracoid, a bone fragment of uncertain affinities attributed to the humerus (Galton, 2000), almost complete ilia, pubes, ischia, femora, and the left tibia and fibula.
 REMARKS: Staurikosaurus was named by Colbert (1970) for a unique specimen from the Triassic Santa Maria sequence in southern Brazil. The age and provenance makes Staurikosaurus a very important specimen for answering questions about early dinosaur diversification, relationships, and early evolution. The partially articulated skeleton preserves much of the axial column and pectoral girdle but lacks forelimbs, most of the skull, and the ever-important pes. Unfortunately, the surfaces of the bones are poorly preserved, and the identification of some of the more incomplete elements found with the specimen continue to be debated (see Galton, 2000).
 Researchers have generally agreed that Staurikosaurus is a dinosaur, but placement within Dinosauria remains controversial. Staurikosaurus was found as the sister taxon of Herrerasaurus in phylogenetic analyses (Novas, 1992; Sereno, 1999; Rauhut, 2003; Langer, 2004; Langer and Benton, 2006) or suggested as a more basal dinosaurian taxon (Galton, 1977; Brinkman and Sues, 1987). Out of the possible autapomorphies of Staurikosaurus listed by Bittencourt and Kellner (2005), none seems to be restricted to the taxon. I agree with Rauhut (2003) that a postacetabular process of the ilium abbreviated and straight posteriorly is an autapomorphy of the taxon.
KEY REFERENCES: Colbert, 1970; Galton, 1977, 2000; Bittencourt and Kellner, 2005.
description: Published as part of Nesbitt, Sterling J., 2011, The Early Evolution Of Archosaurs: Relationships And The Origin Of Major Clades, pp. 1-292 in Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2011 (352) on page 53, DOI: 10.1206/352.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5405335
Additional file 1 of ADNP is associated with immune infiltration and radiosensitivity in hepatocellular carcinoma for predicting the prognosis
Creators: name: Wang, Xuan
name: Peng, Honghua
name: Zhang, Ganghua
name: Li, Zeyuan
name: Du, Zhangyan
name: Peng, Bin
name: Cao, Peiguo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Table 1. The relationship between ADNP expression and immune infiltration (Stromal score). Supplementary Table 2. The relationship between ADNP expression and immune infiltration (Immune score). Supplementary Table 3. The relationship between ADNP expression and immune infiltration (Estimate score).
Structural glass on a lattice in the limit of infinite dimensions
Creators: name: Lopatin, A. V.
name: Ioffe, L. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct a mean field theory for the lattice model of a structural glass and solve it using the replica method and one step replica symmetry breaking ansatz; this theory becomes exact in the limit of infinite dimensions. Analyzing stability of this solution we conclude that the metastable states remain uncorrelated in a finite temperature range below the transition, but become correlated at sufficiently low temperature. We find dynamic and thermodynamic transition temperatures as functions of the density and construct a full thermodynamic description of a typical physical process in which the system gets trapped in one metastable state when cooled below vitrification temperature. We find that for such physical process the entropy and pressure at the glass transition are continuous across the transition while their temperature derivatives have jumps.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures
Additional file 1: of Cross-border comparison of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and AMR prevention measures: the healthcare workersâ perspective
Creators: name: J. Keizer
name: L. Braakman-Jansen
name: S. Kampmeier
name: R. KĂśck
name: N. Naiemi
name: R. Riet-Warning
name: N. Beerlage-De Jong
name: K. Becker
name: J. Gemert-Pijnen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Hematology

description: Survey on AMR and APM. AMR/APM survey (DOCX 15 kb)
A Directly Coupled Superconducting Quantum Interference Device Magnetometer Fabricated in Magnesium Diboride by Focused Ion Beam
Creators: name: Burnell, G.
name: Kang, D. -J.
name: Ansell, D. A.
name: Lee, H. -N.
name: Moon, S. -H.
name: Tarte, E. J.
name: Blamire, M. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the fabrication of a directly coupled superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) magnetometer in MgB2 using a focused ion beam (FIB) to create Josephson junctions in a 70 nm thick film of MgB2. The SQUID shows a voltage modulation (deltaV) of 175 mV at a temperature of 10 K and operates over a temperature range from 10 K to 24 K. We find excellent agreement between the measured maximum transfer functions and those predicted by theory. We have measured the magnetic flux noise at 20 K to be as low as 14 micro Phi-0 per root Hz.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures
New physics via pion capture and simple nuclear reactions
Creators: name: Chen, Chien-Yi
name: McKeen, David
name: Pospelov, Maxim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Light, beyond-the-standard-model particles $X$ in the 1-100 MeV mass range can be produced in nuclear and hadronic reactions but would have to decay electromagnetically. We show that simple and well-understood low-energy hadronic processes can be used as a tool to study $X$ production and decay. In particular, the pion capture process $π^- p \to X n \to e^+ e^- n$ can be used in a new experimental setup to search for anomalies in the angular distribution of the electron-positron pair, which could signal the appearance of dark photons, axion-like particles and other exotic states. This process can be used to decisively test the hypothesis of a new particle produced in the $^7{\rm Li}+p$ reaction. We also discuss a variety of other theoretically clean hadronic processes, such as $p+{\rm D(T)}$ fusion, as a promising source of $X$ particles.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures, typo in acknowledgments corrected
Efraasia minor
Creators: name: Nesbitt, Sterling J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Reptilia
Saurischia
Anchisauridae
Efraasia
Efraasia minor

description: Efraasia minor (Galton, 1973), sensu Yates, 2003
AGE: Middle Norian, Late Triassic (Yates, 2003).
OCCURRENCE: Middle Löwenstein Formation, Weisser Steinbruch (Quarry), Pfaffenhofen, Germany, lower Löwenstein Formation, Goesel Quarry, Ochsenbach, Germany, (Yates, 2003).
HOLOTYPE: SMNS 11838, dorsal vertebrae, one sacral vertebra, right manus, partial left manus, pubes, right femur, tibia, and fibula, and partial right pes.
REFERRED MATERIAL: SMNS 12188–92, 12354, 12667, 12684, 17928.
 REMARKS: In a revision of sauropodomorph taxa from the Triassic of Germany, Yates (2003) assigned the sauropodomorphs from Weisser Steinbrunchh, Pfaffenhofen, Germany, to the taxon Efraasia. Efraasia represents one of the more plesiomorphic sauropodomorphs (Yates, 2003). Recent phylogenetic analyses of basal sauropodomorph relationships (Yates, 2007; Upchurch et al., 2007) found Efraasia diverging before the split of prosauropods (Plateosaurus -like taxa) and the lineage leading to Sauropoda.
 Efraasia minor possesses two autapomorphies, interbasipterygoid web with a central tubercle and a hypertrophied semilunateshaped pubic tubercle projecting laterally from the proximal pubis (Yates, 2003).
KEY REFERENCES: Huene, 1908; Galton, 1973; Yates, 2003.
description: Published as part of Nesbitt, Sterling J., 2011, The Early Evolution Of Archosaurs: Relationships And The Origin Of Major Clades, pp. 1-292 in Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2011 (352) on page 54, DOI: 10.1206/352.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5405335
Lower Bound on |U_{e3}|^2 from Single and Double Beta Decay Experiments
Creators: name: Minakata, Hisakazu
name: Sugiyama, Hiroaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We point out under the assumption of Majorana neutrinos that a lower bound on the MNS matrix element |U_{e3}|^2 can be derived by using constraint imposed by neutrinoless double beta decay experiments and by positive detection of neutrino mass by single beta decay experiments. We show that the lower bound exists in a narrow region of the ratio of the observables in these two experiments, _{ββ}/_β. It means that once the neutrino mass is detected in the bound-sensitive region one must soon observe signal in neutrinoless double beta decay experiments.
description: RevTeX, 15 pages with 6 psfiles; added references, to be published in Phys. Lett. B
Staggered orbital currents in the half-filled two-leg ladder
Creators: name: Fjaerestad, J. O.
name: Marston, J. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using Abelian bosonization with a careful treatment of the Klein factors, we show that a certain phase of the half-filled two-leg ladder, previously identified as having spin-Peierls order, instead exhibits staggered orbital currents with no dimerization.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures. Final version
Allosaurus fragilis Marsh 1877
Creators: name: Nesbitt, Sterling J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Reptilia
Saurischia
Allosauridae
Allosaurus
Allosaurus fragilis

description: Allosaurus fragilis Marsh, 1877
AGE: Kimmeridian-Tithonian, Late Jurassic (Foster, 2007).
OCCURRENCE: Morrison Formation, western United States.
NEOTYPE: UUVP 6000, a complete skull and partial skeleton only lacking first caudal vertebra, chevrons, ribs, forearms, and some digits of the pes (Madsen, 1976).
REFERRED MATERIAL: Various materials from UUVP and AMNH.
 REMARKS: Allosaurus is one of the best Jurassic theropods known to date. The taxon is represented by many articulated and disarticulated elements found throughout the Morrison Formation in North America. Allosaurus has been used in many phylogenetic analyses examining the relationships of theropods (e.g., Turner et al., 2007; Rauhut, 2003).
 Allosaurus fragilis possesses the following unique characters: distinct ‘‘step’’ in the ventral margin of the jugal, leading to a significant ventral displacement of the posterior part in relation to the anterior portion; neomorphic bone (5 antarticular of Madsen, 1976); well-developed notch in the anteroventral margin of the prearticular (Rauhut, 2003).
KEY REFERENCES: Marsh, 1877; Madsen, 1976; Brusatte and Sereno, 2008.
description: Published as part of Nesbitt, Sterling J., 2011, The Early Evolution Of Archosaurs: Relationships And The Origin Of Major Clades, pp. 1-292 in Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2011 (352) on page 56, DOI: 10.1206/352.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5405335
Improving Neural Language Modeling via Adversarial Training
Creators: name: Wang, Dilin
name: Gong, Chengyue
name: Liu, Qiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recently, substantial progress has been made in language modeling by using deep neural networks. However, in practice, large scale neural language models have been shown to be prone to overfitting. In this paper, we present a simple yet highly effective adversarial training mechanism for regularizing neural language models. The idea is to introduce adversarial noise to the output embedding layer while training the models. We show that the optimal adversarial noise yields a simple closed-form solution, thus allowing us to develop a simple and time efficient algorithm. Theoretically, we show that our adversarial mechanism effectively encourages the diversity of the embedding vectors, helping to increase the robustness of models. Empirically, we show that our method improves on the single model state-of-the-art results for language modeling on Penn Treebank (PTB) and Wikitext-2, achieving test perplexity scores of 46.01 and 38.07, respectively. When applied to machine translation, our method improves over various transformer-based translation baselines in BLEU scores on the WMT14 English-German and IWSLT14 German-English tasks.
Precise measurements of the KS->gamma gamma and KL->gamma gamma decay rates
Creators: name: Lai, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The KS->gamma gamma decay rate has been measured with the NA48 detector using a high intensity short neutral beam from the CERN SPS. The measured branching ratio BR(KS->gamma gamma)=(2.78+-0.06(stat)+-0.04(syst))x10-6, obtained from 7461+-172 KS->gamma gamma events, is significantly higher than the O(p^4) prediction of Chiral Perturbation Theory. Using a KL beam the ratio BR(KL->gamma gamma)/BR(KL->3pi0)=(2.81+-0.01(stat)+-0.02(syst))x10-3 has been measured.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures; submitted to Phys Lett. B
Closed-form two-loop Euler-Heisenberg Lagrangian in a self-dual background
Creators: name: Dunne, Gerald V.
name: Schubert, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the two-loop Euler-Heisenberg effective Lagrangian for scalar QED in a constant Euclidean self-dual background has a simple explicit closed form expression in terms of the digamma function. This result leads to a simple analysis of the weak- and strong-field expansions, the two-loop scalar QED beta function, and the analytic continuation properties of the effective Lagrangian and its imaginary part.
description: 8 pages, latex
Keplers Seelenlehre zwischen Physik und Theologie
Creators: name: Salatowsky, Sascha
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Kepler
subject: Astronomie
subject: Seelenlehre
subject: Erdseele
subject: Rezeption
subject: Aufklärung
subject: 100 Philosophie und Psychologie::140 Philosophische Schulen::140 Einzelne philosophische Schulen

description: Dieser Beitrag untersucht Keplers Weltharmonik mit Blick auf das Leib-Seele-Verhältnis sowie die Auferstehung. Bei Kepler sind Körper und Seele nicht so stark voneinander getrennt, dass es der Vermittlung bedürfte. Trotzdem gibt es Ähnlichkeiten zu Theorien des Seelenleibs: Die in Keplers Werk Harmonices Mundi entworfene Weltenharmonie findet ihre Entsprechung in der Beschreibung der Seelenharmonie. Eine wesentliche Rolle spielt beim Auffinden der Harmonie in der imperfekten materiellen Welt die Seelentätigkeit. Keplerfragt danach, wie die Seele, die doch der Sitz des Immateriellen ist, durch die Sinnesorgane Entitäten aufnimmt, die mit Materie verbunden sind. Hierbei geht es vor allem um mathematische und geometrische Begriffe, die Kepler als Bindeglied zwischen den Sinnesdingen und der von den Sinnesdingen losgelösten Harmonie versteht. Intensiv setzt sich Kepler mit Platons und Proklos’ Ausführungen zur Seelenlehre auseinander. Für Kepler geht es dabei auch um die Verbesserung der heidnischen Seelenlehre und die Vereinbarung mit christlichen Vorstellungen, wobei er Platons Timaios als Kommentar zum 1. Buch Moses sieht. Deutlich wird an der Auseinandersetzung mit Keplers Thesen, welcher philosophischen Bedingungen und Konstellationen das Ochēma-Konzept bedarf, um in der Seelenlehre eine prominente Rolle als Raum bzw. Ort meta-physischer Transaktionen zu finden, und an welchen Konstellationen es eine systematisch motivierte Begrenzung und Transformation erfährt.
Additional file 1 of Interseason waning of vaccine-induced hemagglutination inhibition antibody titers and contributing factors to pre-existing humoral immunity against influenza in community-dwelling older adults 75 years and older
Creators: name: Wunderlich, Bettina
name: Laskow, Thomas
name: Li, Huifen
name: Zhang, Li
name: Abrams, Engle
name: Tian, Jing
name: Yu, Jun
name: Chen, Yiyin
name: Tavenier, Juliette
name: Huang, Yushu
name: Talaat, Kawsar
name: Bream, Jay H.
name: Xue, Qian-Li
name: Pawelec, Graham
name: Leng, Sean X.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 1: Supplement Table 1. Subjects’ participation patterns among four study seasons. Supplement Table 2. Ratios of pre-vaccination HAI antibody titers measured using current season vaccine strain antigens over those using prior season vaccine strain antigens among all participants in the corresponding individual study seasonsa.
Critical exponent η_ϕof the Lattice London Superconductor and vortex loops in the 3D XY model
Creators: name: Olsson, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The anomalous dimension of the lattice London superconductor is determined from finite size scaling of the susceptibility to be η_ϕ= -0.79(1). Indirect determinations of η_ϕfrom properties of the vortex loops in the 3D XY model are also attempted, but it is found that the results are sensitive to details in the simulations related to vortex loop intersections. It is suggested that the same value of η_ϕcan at most be obtained from vortex loop properties in the limit of low vortex density.
Millimeter-wave polarization due to grain alignment by the gas flow in protoplanetary disks
Creators: name: Kataoka, Akimasa
name: Okuzumi, Satoshi
name: Tazaki, Ryo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dust grains emit intrinsic polarized emission if they are elongated and aligned in the same direction. The direction of the grain alignment is determined by external forces, such as magnetic fields, radiation, and gas flow against the dust grains. In this letter, we apply the concept of the grain alignment by gas flow, which is called mechanical alignment, to the situation of a protoplanetary disk. We assume that grains have a certain helicity, which results in the alignment with the minor axis parallel to the grain velocity against the ambient disk gas and discuss the morphology of polarization vectors in a protoplanetary disk. We find that the direction of the polarization vectors depends on the Stokes number, which denotes how well grains are coupled to the gas. If the Stokes number is less than unity, orientation of polarization is in the azimuthal direction since the dust velocity against the gas is in the radial direction. If the Stokes number is as large as unity, the polarization vectors show a leading spiral pattern since the radial and azimuthal components of the gas velocity against the dust grains are comparable. This suggests that if the observed polarization vectors show a leading spiral pattern, it would indicate that Stokes number of dust grains is around unity, which is presumably radially drifting.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal Letters
Zur Vorgeschichte der Theorie des Seelenwagens zwischen Platon und den Neuplatonikern
Creators: name: Helmig, Christoph
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: ochema
subject: Seelenwagen
subject: Plutarch von Chaironea
subject: Mittelplatonismus
subject: Mythos
subject: 100 Philosophie und Psychologie::180 Antike, mittelalterliche und östliche Philosophie::184 Platonische Philosophie

description: Der Beitrag untersucht einige verstreute Bemerkungen in den Texten mittelplatonischer Autoren, insbesondere in den Moralia Plutarchs von Chaironea, die möglicherweise Hinweise auf das Konzept des Seelenwagens enthalten. In mindestens zwei seiner platonisch inspirierten Schlussmythen (in den Schriften De sera numinis vindicta und De genio Socratis) finden wir Vorstellungen und Motive im Zusammenhang mit Natur und Gestalt der menschlichen Seele, die nicht ohne Weiteres aus Plutarchs Quellen erklärt werden können. Charakter und Funktion dieser Stellen lassen eine Tradition erahnen, die lange vor den systematischen Entwürfen der Neuplatoniker eine Theorie des Seelen-wagens kannte, die starkmythische Züge trug. Aufgearbeitet werden soll, mit anderen Worten, die weitest-gehend unerforschte Geschichte des Seelengefährts zwischen Platon und den Neuplatonikern.