cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Growing the terrestrial planets from the gradual accumulation of sub-meter sized objects
Creators: name: Levison, Harold F.
name: Kretke, Katherine A.
name: Walsh, Kevin
name: Bottke, William
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Building the terrestrial planets has been a challenge for planet formation models. In particular, classical theories have been unable to reproduce the small mass of Mars and instead predict that a planet near 1.5 AU should roughly be the same mass as the Earth. Recently, a new model called Viscous Stirred Pebble Accretion (VSPA) has been developed that can explain the formation of the gas giants. This model envisions that the cores of the giant planets formed from 100 to 1000 km bodies that directly accreted a population of pebbles --- sub-meter sized objects that slowly grew in the protoplanetary disk. Here we apply this model to the terrestrial planet region and find that it can reproduce the basic structure of the inner Solar System, including a small Mars and a low-mass asteroid belt. Our models show that for an initial population of planetesimals with sizes similar to those of the main belt asteroids, VSPA becomes inefficient beyond $\sim\!$1.5 AU. As a result, Mars's growth is stunted and nothing large in the asteroid belt can accumulate.
description: Accepted for PNAS
A Reactive Autonomous Camera System for the RAVEN II Surgical Robot
Creators: name: Hutchinson, Kay
name: Yasar, Mohammad Samin
name: Bhatia, Harshneet
name: Alemzadeh, Homa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The endoscopic camera of a surgical robot provides surgeons with a magnified 3D view of the surgical field, but repositioning it increases mental workload and operation time. Poor camera placement contributes to safety-critical events when surgical tools move out of the view of the camera. This paper presents a proof of concept of an autonomous camera system for the Raven II surgical robot that aims to reduce surgeon workload and improve safety by providing an optimal view of the workspace showing all objects of interest. This system uses transfer learning to localize and classify objects of interest within the view of a stereoscopic camera. The positions and centroid of the objects are estimated and a set of control rules determines the movement of the camera towards a more desired view. Our perception module had an accuracy of 61.21% overall for identifying objects of interest and was able to localize both graspers and multiple blocks in the environment. Comparison of the commands proposed by our system with the desired commands from a survey of 13 participants indicates that the autonomous camera system proposes appropriate movements for the tilt and pan of the camera.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures, to be published in Proceedings of the 2020 International Symposium on Medical Robotics (ISMR 2020)
Threshold expansion of the three-particle quantization condition
Creators: name: Hansen, Maxwell T.
name: Sharpe, Stephen R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We recently derived a quantization condition for the energy of three relativistic particles in a cubic box. Here we use this condition to study the energy level closest to the three-particle threshold when the total three-momentum vanishes. We expand this energy in powers of $1/L$, where $L$ is the linear extent of the finite volume. The expansion begins at ${\cal O}(1/L^3)$, and we determine the coefficients of the terms through ${\cal O}(1/L^6)$. As is also the case for the two-particle threshold energy, the $1/L^3$, $1/L^4$ and $1/L^5$ coefficients depend only on the two-particle scattering length $a$. These can be compared to previous results obtained using nonrelativistic quantum mechanics and we find complete agreement. The $1/L^6$ coefficients depend additionally on the two-particle effective range $r$ (just as in the two-particle case) and on a suitably defined threshold three-particle scattering amplitude (a new feature for three particles). A second new feature in the three-particle case is that logarithmic dependence on $L$ appears at $\mathcal O(1/L^6)$. Relativistic effects enter at this order, and the only comparison possible with the nonrelativistic result is for the coefficient of the logarithm, where we again find agreement. For a more thorough check of the $1/L^6$ result, and thus of the quantization condition, we also compare to a perturbative calculation of the threshold energy in relativistic $λϕ^4$ theory, which we have recently presented. Here all terms can be compared and we find full agreement.
description: 30 pages, 2 figures, v3: Journal version + erratum: A mistake was corrected that affects the value of the 1/L^6 term in the threshold expansion. The issue was discovered in a fourth-order \lambda \phi^4 theory calculation, presented in arXiv:1707.04279, that was performed to further check the results of this work. Equations (126), (127), (135) and (136) have been modified to correct the mistake
Anopheles gambiae (AgamP4) conservation score
Creators: name: Kranjc, Nace
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Genomics
subject: Life Sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Computational Biology
subject: Genetics and Genomics

description: The analysis was conducted across 22 dipteran species and offered insight into the level of conservation at a genome-wide scale as well as at per base-pair resolution. The results of this analysis are gathered in data storage that allows for flexible extraction and bioinformatic manipulation.
Need for social cognition: devising and testing a measurement scale
Creators: name: Carpenter, Jordan
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: This paper describes a theorized individual difference in a need for social cognition (NFSC). We defined need for social cognition as a motivation to understand the thoughts and perspectives of others. Studies 1-3 were performed to devise a reliable scale for measuring this construct as well as establish acceptable convergent and divergent validity with several related scales. Finally, we performed the Two-Stories experiment, which explored one aspect of NFSC's role in narrative transportation and attitude change by testing whether high levels of NFSC increase transportation and persuasion in stories that require more reader involvement. The hypotheses of the Two-Stories experiment failed. We discuss possible reasons for this result and explore potentially important conclusions from the experiment.
An attractive critical point from weak antilocalization on fractals
Creators: name: Sticlet, Doru
name: Akhmerov, Anton
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a new attractive critical point occurring in the Anderson localization scaling flow of symplectic models on fractals. The scaling theory of Anderson localization predicts that in disordered symplectic two-dimensional systems weak antilocalization effects lead to a metal-insulator transition. This transition is characterized by a repulsive critical point above which the system becomes metallic. Fractals possess a non-integer scaling of conductance in the classical limit which can be continuously tuned by changing the fractal structure. We demonstrate that in disordered symplectic Hamiltonians defined on fractals with classical conductance scaling $g \sim L^{-\varepsilon}$, for $0 < \varepsilon < β_\mathrm{max} \approx 0.15$, the metallic phase is replaced by a critical phase with a scale invariant conductance dependent on the fractal dimensionality. Our results show that disordered fractals allow an explicit construction and verification of the $\varepsilon$ expansion.
Phase properties of the cut-off high-order harmonics
Creators: name: Khokhlova, M. A.
name: Strelkov, V. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The cut-off regime of high-order harmonic generation (HHG) by atoms in an intense laser field is studied numerically and analytically. We find that the cut-off regime is characterized by equal dephasing between the successive harmonics. The change of the harmonic phase-locking when HHG evolves from the cut-off to the plateau regime determines the optimal bandwidth of the spectral region which should be used for attosecond pulse generation via amplitude gating technique. The cut-off regime is also characterized by a linear dependence of the harmonic phase on the fundamental intensity. The proportionality coefficient grows as the cube of the fundamental wavelength, thus this dependence becomes very important for the HHG by mid-infrared fields. Moreover, for every high harmonic there is a {\it range} of laser intensities providing the generation in the cut-off regime and the atomic response magnitude in this regime can be greater than that in the plateau regime. Thus the cut-off regime substantially contributes to the harmonic energy emitted under typical experimental conditions where the laser intensity varies in time and space.
Generating Target Graph Couplings for QAOA from Native Quantum Hardware Couplings
Creators: name: Rajakumar, Joel
name: Moondra, Jai
name: Gard, Bryan
name: Gupta, Swati
name: Herold, Creston D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We present methods for constructing any target coupling graph using limited global controls in an Ising-like quantum spin system. Our approach is motivated by implementing the quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) on trapped ion quantum hardware to find approximate solutions to Max-Cut. We present a mathematical description of the problem and provide approximately optimal algorithmic constructions that generate arbitrary unweighted coupling graphs with $n$ nodes in $O(n)$ global entangling operations and weighted graphs with $m$ edges in $O(m)$ operations. These upper bounds are not tight in general, and we formulate a mixed-integer program to solve the graph coupling problem to optimality. We perform numeric experiments on small graphs with $n\le8$ and show that optimal sequences, which use fewer operations, can be found using mixed-integer programs. Noisy simulations of Max-Cut QAOA show that our implementation is less susceptible to noise than the standard gate-based compilation.
On Cherenkov Friction and Radiation of a Neutral Polarizable Particle Moving Parallel to a Transparent Dielectric Plate
Creators: name: Dedkov, G. V.
name: Kyasov, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have obtained general expressions for the intensity of radiation, decelerating force, the rate of heating and acceleration of a small polarizable particle under the conditions of Cherenkov friction: at relativistic motion parallel to the surface of thick transparent dielectric plate. Comparison with the results of other authors is given.
description: 7 pages, 1 figure
Dissociation energies of AgRG (RG = Ar, Kr, Xe) and AgO molecules from velocity map imaging studies
Creators: name: Cooper, Graham A.
name: Kartouzian, Aras
name: Gentleman, Alexander S.
name: Iskra, Andreas
name: van Wijk, Robert
name: Mackenzie, Stuart R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The near ultraviolet photodissociation dynamics of silver atom rare gas dimers have been studied by velocity map imaging. AgRG (RG = Ar, Kr, Xe) species generated by laser ablation are excited in the region of the C
Quantum Spectral Curve for a Cusped Wilson Line in N=4 SYM
Creators: name: Gromov, Nikolay
name: Levkovich-Maslyuk, Fedor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the Quantum Spectral Curve (QSC) formalism, initially formulated for the spectrum of anomalous dimensions of all local single trace operators in N=4 SYM, can be extended to the generalized cusp anomalous dimension for all values of the parameters. We find that the large spectral parameter asymptotics and some analyticity properties have to be modified, but the functional relations are unchanged. As a demonstration, we find an all-loop analytic expression for the first two nontrivial terms in the small |phi \pm theta| expansion. We also present nonperturbative numerical results at generic angles which match perfectly 4-loop perturbation theory and the classical string prediction. The reformulation of the problem in terms of the QSC opens the possibility to explore many open questions. We attach to this paper several Mathematica notebooks which should facilitate future studies.
description: 42 pages, 4 figures; supplementary Mathematica files are attached
The authority of the Catholic Church on abortion legislation: the Catholic Church's influence on the abortion law in Spain through political party influence and its competition with the rising feminist movement
Creators: name: Boone, Maggy
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: The politics of abortion in Spain is a complicated case due to the fact that abortion legislation is not restricted to solely the political sphere. Since the sixth century, the Catholic Church has had a longstanding and influential role within the state of Spain and the creation of any and all policies. After the authoritarian regime of Franco in the mid-twentieth century, the Catholic Church began to, for the first time; attempt to truly separate itself from the government and politics. However, due to the inherent Catholic morals and values that had been part of the political system for an extensive time period within the country, the conservative parties have continued to raise issues on the liberalization of abortion legislation, and specifically, the right to life at the moment of conception. Although the Catholic Church as an institution has continued to remove itself from political debates, the conservative party relentlessly pushes Catholic ideals onto the Spanish public. Over the course of the past few decades, the leftist parties in Spain have worked closely with rising women's organizations and institutions to promote women's rights and equality within the country, fighting for liberal abortion laws against the conservative opposition. As the abortion law liberalized to its maximum extent in history in 2010 under Zapatero, the question that remains for Spanish citizens today is how far the newly elected and conservative Popular Party will be able to extend their Catholic ideals onto the public, and if it will cost Spain the revocation of the abortion legislation passed only over a year ago.
Truncated long-range percolation on oriented graphs
Creators: name: van Enter, Aernout C. D.
name: de Lima, Bernardo N. B.
name: Valesin, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider different problems within the general theme of long-range percolation on oriented graphs. Our aim is to settle the so-called truncation question, described as follows. We are given probabilities that certain long-range oriented bonds are open; assuming that the sum of these probabilities is infinite, we ask if the probability of percolation is positive when we truncate the graph, disallowing bonds of range above a possibly large but finite threshold. We give some conditions in which the answer is affirmative. We also translate some of our results on oriented percolation to the context of a long-range contact process.
description: 9 pages, 1 figure
Generalized Second Law for Cosmology
Creators: name: Bousso, Raphael
name: Engelhardt, Netta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We conjecture a novel Generalized Second Law that can be applied in cosmology, regardless of whether an event horizon is present: the generalized entropy increases monotonically outside of certain hypersurfaces we call past Q-screens. A past Q-screen is foliated by surfaces whose generalized entropy (sum of area and entanglement entropy) is stationary along one future null direction and increasing along the other. We prove that our Generalized Second Law holds in spacetimes obeying the Quantum Focussing Conjecture. An analogous law applies to future Q-screens, which appear inside evaporating black holes and in collapsing regions.
description: 14 pages, 5 figures
Effects of the Weight-to-Stress Principle in English Speakers Learning Japanese Prosody
Creators: name: Powers, Anna
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Graduate School
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Linguistics
subject: FOS: Languages and literature

description: This thesis explores the effect of the Weight-to-Stress Principle (WSP) in second language transfer of word-level accent from English stress accent to Japanese pitch accent within the framework of Optimality Theory. A model is proposed that predicts some English speakers will be more likely to insert pitch accents into unaccented Japanese words containing heavy syllables (Heavy words) than ones consisting only of light syllables (Light words), due to the effects of WSP. I performed an elicitation experiment on English-speaking learners of Japanese wherein participants produced unaccented Japanese nonce words of varying prosodic structure in a sentence. At least one participant was more likely to insert a pitch accent into Heavy words than Light words, supporting the proposed model. Two other participants showed a preference for inserting pitch accents on three-mora Light words, indicating that additional factors may be at work.
Antibiotic Resistance of Staphylococcus aureus in Watersheds With and Without Commercial Hog Operations
Creators: name: Wickersham, Lindsay
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: Antibiotic use in commercial hog operations (CHOs) can lead to selection of antibiotic resistant bacteria, which is a concern for zoonotic bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus. However, the extent to which antibiotic resistant S. aureus from CHOs contaminates surrounding surface waters is unknown. To determine whether watersheds with CHOs have more multidrug resistant S. aureus (MDRSA) and livestock-associated S. aureus than watersheds without CHOs, S. aureus was isolated and characterized from surface water samples (n=44) from sites with CHOs in their watersheds (n=3) and without CHOs (n=3). S. aureus (n=84) was isolated from 100% of CHO sites and 66% of non-CHO sites. MDRSA (n=23) was only recovered from one CHO site on one sampling event and was positive for markers of livestock-association. No MDRSA or livestock-associated S. aureus was found in non-CHO sites. This research suggests that CHOs can episodically contribute livestock-associated MDRSA to surface water.
Transcatheter Caval Valve Implantation for Tricuspid Regurgitation After Single Leaflet Device Attachment
Creators: name: Rroku, Andi
name: Barbieri, Fabian
name: Landmesser, Ulf
name: Skurk, Carsten
name: Kasner, Mario
name: Reinthaler, Markus
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: bicaval valve implantation
subject: case report
subject: single leaflet device attachment
subject: transcatheter edge-to-edge repair
subject: tricuspid regurgitation
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: An 86-year-old patient experienced progressive heart failure symptoms. Echocardiographic evaluation revealed severe tricuspid regurgitation, which was treated by transcatheter edge-to-edge repair. During the procedure, single leaflet device attachment occurred. On the basis of a prohibitive surgical risk, caval valve implantation was performed, with no notable complications. (Level of Difficulty: Advanced.)
Warum Thomas Müller für den FC Bayern München unverzichtbar ist
Creators: name: Nufer, Gerd
Publisher: name: Universität Tübingen
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Marketing , Sport , Sportmanagement
subject: 330
subject: Sportmarketing
subject: Sport Management
subject: Sport Marketing

description: Im diesem Beitrag wird auf Basis des identitätsorientierten Markenmanagements anhand der sechs Komponenten der Markenidentität die Rolle von Thomas Müller für die Marke FC Bayern München untersucht. Das Ergebnis lautet: Für die Marke FC Bayern ist die Identitätsfigur Thomas Müller von unbezahlbarem Wert.
Jet-induced modifications of the characteristic of the bulk nuclear matter
Creators: name: Marcinkowski, P.
name: Słodkowski, M.
name: Kikoła, D.
name: Sikorski, J.
name: Porter-Sobieraj, J.
name: Gawryszewski, P.
name: Zygmunt, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present our studies on jet-induced modifications of the characteristic of the bulk nuclear matter. To describe such a matter, we use efficient relativistic hydrodynamic simulations in (3+1) dimensions employing the Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) in the parallel programming framework. We use Cartesian coordinates in the calculations to ensure a high spatial resolution that is constant throughout the evolution of the system. We show our results on how jets modify the hydrodynamics fields and discuss the implications.
description: 2 pages, 3 figures, SQM2015 proceedings submitted to Journal of Physics: Conference Series (JPCS) - IOP Conference Series
Plateau Moduli of Several Single-Chain Slip-Link and Slip-Spring Models
Creators: name: Uneyama, Takashi
name: Masubuchi, Yuichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the plateau moduli of several single-chain slip-link and slip-spring models for entangled polymers. In these models, the entanglement effects are phenomenologically modeled by introducing topological constraints such as slip-links and slip-springs. The average number of segments between two neighboring slip-links or slip-springs, $N_{0}$, is an input parameter in these models. To analyze experimental data, the characteristic number of segments in entangled polymers $N_{e}$ estimated from the plateau modulus is used instead. Both $N_{0}$ and $N_{e}$ characterize the topological constraints in entangled polymers, and naively $N_{0}$ is considered to be the same as $N_{e}$. However, earlier studies showed that $N_{0}$ and $N_{e}$ (or the plateau modulus) should be considered as independent parameters. In this work, we show that due to the fluctuations at the short time scale, $N_{e}$ deviates from $N_{0}$. This means that the relation between $N_{0}$ and the plateau modulus is not simple as naively expected. The plateau modulus (or $N_{e}$) depends on the subchain-scale details of the employed model, as well as the average number of segments $N_{0}$. This is due to the fact that the subchain-scale fluctuation mechanisms depend on the model rather strongly. We theoretically calculate the plateau moduli for several single-chain slip-link and slip-spring models. Our results explicitly show that the relation between $N_{0}$ and $N_{e}$ is model-dependent. We compare theoretical results with various simulation data in the literature, and show that our theoretical expressions reasonably explain the simulation results.
description: 26 pages, 3 figures, to appear in Macromolecules
Residue families, singular Yamabe problems and extrinsic conformal Laplacians
Creators: name: Juhl, Andreas
name: Orsted, Bent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Primary 35J30 53B20 53B25 53C18, Secondary 35J70 35Q76 53C25 58J50

description: Let $(X,g)$ be a compact manifold with boundary $M^n$ and $σ$ a defining function of $M$. To these data, we associate natural conformally covariant polynomial one-parameter families of differential operators $C^\infty(X) \to C^\infty(M)$. They arise through a residue construction which generalizes an earlier construction in the framework of Poincaré-Einstein metrics. The main ingredient of the definition of residue families are eigenfunctions of the Laplacian of the singular metric $σ^{-2}g$. We prove that if $σ$ is an approximate solution of a singular Yamabe problem, these families can be written as compositions of certain degenerate Laplacians. This result implies that the notions of extrinsic conformal Laplacians and extrinsic $Q$-curvature introduced in recent works by Gover and Waldron can naturally be rephrased in terms of residue families. The new spectral theoretical perspective enables us to relate the extrinsic conformal Laplacians and the critical extrinsic $Q$-curvature to the scattering operator of the asymptotically hyperbolic metric $σ^{-2}g$ extending the work of Graham and Zworski. The latter relation implies that the extrinsic conformal Laplacians are self-adjoint. We describe the asymptotic expansion of the volume of a singular Yamabe metric in terms of Laplace-Robin operators. We also derive new local holographic formulas for all extrinsic $Q$-curvatures in terms of renormalized volume coefficients, the scalar curvature of the background metric, and the asymptotic expansions of eigenfunctions of the Laplacian of the singular metric $σ^{-2}g$. Furthermore, we prove a new formula for the singular Yamabe obstruction $B_n$, and we use the latter formula to derive explicit expressions for the obstructions in low-order cases (confirming earlier results). Finally, we relate the obstruction $B_n$ to the supercritical $Q$-curvature $Q_{n+1}$.
description: Final version, 118 pages,
Treatment Stratification in First-Line Recurrent or Metastatic Head and Neck Cancer, on Behalf of the EORTC Young Investigator Head and Neck Cancer Group
Creators: name: Klinghammer, Konrad
name: Lorini, Luigi
name: Nevens, Daan
name: Simon, Christian
name: Machiels, Jean-Pascal
name: Bossi, Paolo
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
subject: PD-L1 CPS
subject: treatment stratification
subject: survey
subject: HNSCC
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Multiple factors differentially influence treatment decisions in the first line treatment of recurrent/metastatic HNSCC. The EORTC Young investigator group launched a survey among treating physicians to explore the main influencing factors for treatment stratification. The questionnaire was posted as a web-survey link from May to August 2020. Next to defining the factors that mostly influence therapeutic decision the survey was complemented by a clinical case discussion of five patient cases. A total of 118 responses from 19 countries were collected. The key factors identified to guide treatment decision were performance status, PD-L1 Expression, time from last systemic treatment above or below 6 months, and disease burden.Prospective evaluation of patient characteristics and additional potential predictive biomarkers for novel treatment options remains an important question to stratify personalized treatment for RM HNSCC.
Infalling clouds on to supermassive black hole binaries - II. Binary evolution and the final parsec problem
Creators: name: Goicovic, Felipe G.
name: Sesana, Alberto
name: Cuadra, Jorge
name: Stasyszyn, Federico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The formation of massive black hole binaries (MBHBs) is an unavoidable outcome of galaxy evolution via successive mergers. However, the mechanism that drives their orbital evolution from parsec separations down to the gravitational wave (GW) dominated regime is poorly understood, and their final fate is still unclear. If such binaries are embedded in gas-rich and turbulent environments, as observed in remnants of galaxy mergers, the interaction with gas clumps (such as molecular clouds) may efficiently drive their orbital evolution. Using numerical simulations, we test this hypothesis by studying the dynamical evolution of an equal-mass, circular MBHB accreting infalling molecular clouds. We investigate different orbital configurations, modelling a total of 13 systems to explore different possible impact parameters and relative inclinations of the cloud-binary encounter. We focus our study on the prompt, transient phase during the first few orbits when the dynamical evolution of the binary is fastest, finding that this evolution is dominated by the exchange of angular momentum through gas capture by the individual black holes and accretion. Building on these results, we construct a simple model for evolving a MBHB interacting with a sequence of clouds, which are randomly drawn from reasonable populations with different levels of anisotropy in their angular momenta distributions. We show that the binary efficiently evolves down to the GW emission regime within a few hundred million years, overcoming the 'final parsec' problem regardless of the stellar distribution.
description: 19 pages, 14 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Laminated Timoshenko beams with interfacial slip and infinite memories
Creators: name: Guesmia, Aissa
name: Rivera, Jaime Muñoz
name: Sepúlveda, Mauricio
name: Vera, Octavio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35B40, 35L45, 74H40, 93D20, 93D15

description: We study in this paper the well-posedness and stability of three structures with interfacial slip and two infinite memories effective on the transverse displacement and the rotation angle. We consider a large class of kernels and prove that the system has a unique solution satisfying some regularity properties. Moreover, without restrictions on the values of the parameters, we show that the solution goes to zero at infinity and give an information on its speed of convergence in terms of the growth of kernels at infinity. A numerical analysis of the obtained theoretical results will be also given.
Clinical trial of a rehabilitation device based on electrical stimulation for patients with obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA)
Creators: name: Giraldo-Cadavid, Luis
name: Moscoso-Barrera, William
name: Agudelo‑Otalora, Luis
name: Moreno-Giraldo, Angélica
name: Burguete, Javier
name: Fernández, Secundino
name: Urrestarazu-Bolumburu, Elena
name: Gómez, Diego
name: Pérez-Perdomo, María
name: Paipa-Parra, José
name: Bazurto, María
name: Gelvez, Natalia
name: Bermúdez, Carolina
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Electrical stimulation
subject: Genioglossus muscle
subject: Laryngopharyngeal sensory test
subject: Obstructive Sleep Apnea
subject: Obstructive Sleep Apnoea
subject: Rehabilitation device

description: This is the protocol of the first clinical study of a rehabilitation device for home use that not only provides functional stimulation of the upper-airway dilator muscles but also provides sensory stimulation. This device works by strengthening the dilating muscles of the upper respiratory tract and improving the sensory capacity of the laryngo-pharyngeal tract and is based on existing publications on the effectiveness of functional and somatosensory neurostimulation through neuroplasticity in the recovery of neurological deficits.
Well-posedness and stability for Schrödinger equations with infinite memory
Creators: name: Cavalcanti, Marcelo
name: Cavalcanti, Valeria Domingos
name: Guesmia, Aissa
name: Sepúlveda, Mauricio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study in this paper the well-posedness and stability for two linear Schrödinger equations in $d$-dimensional open bounded domain under Dirichlet boundary conditions with an infinite memory. First, we establish the well-posedness in the sens of semigroup theory. Then, a decay estimate depending on the smoothness of initial data and the arbitrarily growth at infinity of the relaxation function is established for each equation with the help of multipliers method.
Detectability of Local Group Dwarf Galaxy Analogues at High Redshifts
Creators: name: Patej, Anna
name: Loeb, Abraham
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dwarf galaxies of the Local Group are believed to be similar to the most abundant galaxies during the epoch of reionization (z>6). As a result of their proximity, there is a wealth of information that can be obtained about these galaxies; however, due to their low surface brightnesses, detecting their progenitors at high redshifts is challenging. We compare the physical properties of these dwarf galaxies to those of galaxies detected at high redshifts using Hubble Space Telescope and Spitzer observations and consider the promise of the upcoming James Webb Space Telescope on the prospects for detecting high redshift analogues of these galaxies.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures
Well-posedness and stability of a generalized micropolar thermoelastic body with infinite memory
Creators: name: Guesmia, Aissa
name: Rivera, Jaime Muñoz
name: Sepúlveda, Mauricio
name: Vera, Octavio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study in this paper the well-posedness and stability of a linear system of a thermoelastic Cosserat medium with infinite memory, where the Cosserat medium is a continuum in which each point has the degrees of freedom of a rigid body.
A research synthesis on Pedagogical Content Knowledge (PCK) through a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Fukaya, Tatsushi
name: Nakamura, Daiki
name: Kitayama, Yoshie
name: Nakagoshi, Takumi
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Teacher Education and Professional Development
subject: Educational Psychology
subject: Science and Mathematics Education
subject: Education
subject: Elementary Education
subject: Secondary Education

description: This project will conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of research on Pedagogical Content Knowledge (PCK), especially focusing on mathematics and sciences in primary and secondary education.
An atlas of bright star spectra in the near infrared from Cassini-VIMS
Creators: name: Stewart, Paul N.
name: Tuthill, Peter G.
name: Nicholson, Philip D.
name: Sloan, G. C.
name: Hedman, Matthew M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the Cassini Atlas Of Stellar Spectra (CAOSS), comprised of near-infrared low-resolution spectra of bright stars recovered from space-based observations by the Cassini spacecraft. The 65 stellar targets in the atlas are predominately M, K and S giants. However it also contains spectra of other bright nearby stars including carbon stars and main sequence stars from A to F. The spectra presented are free of all spectral contamination caused by the Earth's atmosphere, including the detrimental telluric molecular bands which put parts of the near-infrared spectrum out of reach of terrestrial observations. With a single instrument, a spectro-photometric dataset is recovered that spans the near-infrared from 0.8 to 5.1 microns with spectral resolution ranging from R=53.5 to R=325. Spectra have been calibrated into absolute flux units after careful characterisation of the instrumental spectral efficiency. Spectral energy distributions for most stars match closely with literature values. All final data products have been made available online.
description: 10 emulateapj pages, 4 figures, 4 tables. Accepted by ApJS. Full atlas available at http://www.physics.usyd.edu.au/sifa/caoss/
Computational Study of Nucleosome Positioning Sequence Patterns and the Effects of the Nucleosome Positioning on the Availability of the Transcription Factor Binding Sites in Study Systems
Creators: name: Yang, Doo Seok
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2017
Subjects: Nucleosome
Gene regulation
Drosophila
Yeast
Mouse
Nucleosome positioning sequence
Ly49
Transcription factor
H2A.Z
AML-1

description: Nucleosomes, the primary unit of chromatin structure, are positioned either statistically or specifically. The statistical positioning denotes the arbitrary positioning of nucleosomes on DNA agreeing with the nucleosome’s broad coverage of the genome—however, there is evidence that nucleosomes are also positioned specifically at controlled positions. DNA sequences determine the specific nucleosome positions, and the presence or depletion of nucleosomes affects the availability of the DNA region to other proteins. The DNA sequences of H2A and H2A.Z nucleosomes in Drosophila were analysed in search of nucleosome positioning patterns. Dinucleotide patterns with 10 bp periodicity were identified from the DNA sequences of H2A nucleosomes. Compared with the yeast patterns, the Drosophila patterns had the same periodicity but different dinucleotides near the dyad, which was related to the different H3 structure between them. The nucleosome positioning patterns from the H2A.Z nucleosomes implied the specific histone-DNA interaction as a result of the deviations of the patterns where the different amino acids of H2A and H2A.Z interact with the DNA. The Ly49 gene cluster was selected as a model system to study the interplay between nucleosomes and transcription factors. Ly49 proteins, the surface receptors on NK cells, display variegated expression patterns, and the bidirectional promoter Pro-1 is known as a key determinant of the stochastic expression of each Ly49 gene. The systematic analysis of nucleosome positions based on the genome sequences in the Ly49 gene cluster revealed that the repressing Pro-1 reverse promoters are open, while the activating forward Pro-1 promoters were covered by nucleosomes. Furthermore, specific nucleosome positions covered transcription factor binding sites. The covered factor binding sites were further examined by their periodic appearances on the nucleosome-covered sequences, which revealed the accessibility to the sites. The sequence analysis predicted that the regulation by the transcription factor AML-1 would be sensitive to the nucleosome coverage; the prediction was confirmed by cell line experiments. The 10 bp periodic nucleosome positioning patterns interact with histones specifically. The long nucleosome positioning patterns coexist with the short sequence motifs for transcription factor binding sites adding another layer of the control to the transcriptional regulation.
Phosphorus Reclamation from Municipal Wastewater Sludge for Fertilizer Production
Creators: name: Gao, Lu
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2017
Subjects: Phosphorus
Polyphosphate
Wastewater
Calcium phosphate
Extraction
Precipitation
Recycle
Recovery

description: The increasing population with its associated rising food demand requires more agricultural fertilizers to maintain the harvest for food security. However, the natural calcium carbonate phosphate mineral (carbonate apatite) used to produce phosphorus (P) fertilizer is a non- renewable ore. Therefore, in this study, the objective is to extract the inorganic polymeric phosphate (polyphosphate: polyP) P-component in waste activated sewage sludge (WAS) from Ottawa’s municipal wastewater plant (ROPEC). Once extracted, the goal was to break down the polyP to inorganic phosphate (Pi) to produce carbonate apatite. PolyP is a P-component in WAS because a group of wastewater microorganisms called polyphosphate-accumulating organisms uptake phosphate and generate intracellular polyP stores during aerobic digestion in municipal wastewater treatment plant processes. The total acidic, oxidative P content of WAS was measured. PolyP was extracted and quantified to estimate the fraction of total P as polyP in WAS. Different polyP extraction methods were undertaken. It was determined that the complicated composition and weight fractions of TWAS, including iron phosphate, complicated polyP extraction and Pi measurement. Lessons learned were applied towards preliminary batch and continuous precipitation of carbonate apatite with the product slurry from the anaerobic digestion process at ROPEC. Limestone was tested as an inexpensive calcium carbonate source for carbonate apatite precipitation. The dissolution of calcium and carbonate from limestone was assessed, and it was determined that further optimization is required. Preliminary work indicated that the calcium- carbonate solution from limestone could precipitate synthetic carbonate apatite from anaerobic digester material. This synthetic carbonate apatite product may lead to mitigating the impending limitations on natural carbonate apatite availability for P-fertilizer production.
Stationary states and spatial patterning in an $SIS$ epidemiology model with implicit mobility
Creators: name: Ilnytskyi, J. M.
name: Kozitsky, Y.
name: Ilnytskyi, H. I.
name: Haiduchok, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 92D30, 37B15, 92C60

description: By means of the asynchronous cellular automata algorithm we study stationary states and spatial patterning in an $SIS$ model, in which the individuals' are attached to the vertices of a graph and their mobility is mimicked by varying the neighbourhood size $q$. The versions with fixed $q$ and those taken at random at each step and for each individual are studied. Numerical data on the local behaviour of the model are mapped onto the solution of its zero dimensional version, corresponding to the limit $q\to +\infty$ and equivalent to the logistic growth model. This allows for deducing an explicit form of the dependence of the fraction of infected individuals on the curing rate $γ$. A detailed analysis of the appearance of spatial patterns of infected individuals in the stationary state is performed.
description: 17 pages, 9 figures
The Reagan Administration as the Origin of the Shift from Citizen to Consumer Building in American Education
Creators: name: Davis, Alexander
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2017
Subjects: Education
Consumerism
Neoliberalism
Critical discourse analysis

description: Current American education is comprised of and influenced by a myriad of complex legislative, technological, and cultural representations of consumption, however this historic-educational study specifically examines how the Reagan administration discursively initiated the consumerizing educational framework. While existing research studies the neoliberal implications on education, this study addresses the neoliberal reforms under President Reagan within the discursive paradigm of its consumerizing impact. By using Critical Discourse Analysis on a selection of Presidential proclamations, speeches, and national educational reports, this study examines and elucidates how the Reagan administration created the consumerizing framework for American education. The Reagan administration distinguished American education from its predecessors as prioritizing the consuming potential of students, while simultaneously situating education as a commodity. The Reagan administration discursively positioned education as a commodity by implementing the free market values of competition and choice. Through Reagan’s encouragement of corporate involvement and rewarding the tenacity of business initiatives in education, American education transitioned from a democratic ideal to a market-oriented institution. This was specifically accomplished through positioning Reagan’s predecessors as misguided and situating Reagan as a rescuer, while legitimating the reforms as adhering to the American spirit. Similarly, business was presented as embodying the essence of the American spirit and being a rejuvenating force. Choice and competition were recontextualized from their economic purpose and recommended as a new form of educational governance. By understanding the results through the lens of some Frankfurt School thinkers and expanding on Bowles and Gintis’ educational theory, this study argues that Reagan’s reforms embodied a physical consumerizing aspect and an interactional consumerizing facet as necessary for the economy of post-industrial America.
The Influence of Parceling on the Implied Factor Structure of Multidimensional Item Response Data
Creators: name: Magnus, Brooke Erin
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Year: 2013

description: Parceling is a method researchers often use to circumvent issues that arise in handling item-level data; however, the degree to which the true factor structure is preserved after parceling remains ambiguous in the literature. The goal of this thesis was to examine the effects of parceling on the implied factor structure of multidimensional data using both simulation and analytic techniques: does the estimated factor change after parceling? This question was addressed across three studies. Item covariance matrices were computed from bifactor models comprising continuous or dichotomous item responses. The item covariance matrices were then parceled and a one-factor confirmatory factor analysis was fit to the parcel covariance matrices. Additionally, a simulation was carried out in which factor scores from the CFA were compared with the latent variable values from the generating model. Results of both studies suggest that parceling does change the estimated factor. Furthermore, fit statistics overwhelmingly indicate good fit despite a misspecified model. Finally, to illustrate how parceling is used in practice, an application using empirical data is shown. Practical implications are discussed.
Rothamsted Report for 1908
Creators: name: Rothamsted Experimental Station
Publisher: name: Lawes Agricultural Trust
Year: 1909
Subjects: subject: rothamsted research
subject: crop yield
subject: broadbalk long-term experiment
subject: park grass long-term experiment
subject: rothamsted long-term experiments
subject: hoosfield alternate wheat and fallow long-term experiment
subject: exhaustion land long-term experiment
subject: broadbalk wilderness experiment
subject: geescroft wilderness experiments
subject: agdell long-term experiment
subject: barnfield long-term experiment
subject: Garden clover long-term experiment

description: Scanned PDF of Rothamsted Report for 1908