cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Quantum radiation from a particle in an accelerated motion coupled to vacuum fluctuations
Creators: name: Oshita, Naritaka
name: Yamamoto, Kazuhiro
name: Zhang, Sen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A particle in a uniformly accelerated motion exhibits Brownian random motions around the classical trajectory due to the coupling to the field vacuum fluctuations. Previous works show that the Brownian random motions satisfy the energy equipartition relation. This thermal property is understood as the consequence of the Unruh effect. In the present work, we investigate the radiation from the thermal random motions of an accelerated particle coupled to vacuum fluctuations. The energy flux of this radiation is negative of the order smaller than the classical radiation by the factor a/m, where a is the acceleration constant and m is the mass of a particle. The results could be understood as a suppression of the classical radiation by the quantum effect.
description: 14 pages, typos corrected
title: Ultrasound Appearance of DCIS- Is There Correlation with Grade and Imaging Characteristics?
Creators: name: Bhatt, Asha
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cancer
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Biopsy
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Breast
subject: Pathology

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Introduction: Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) is a non-invasive (Stage 0) breast cancer. DCIS is the proliferation of malignant cells within the ducts of the terminal duct lobule unit (TDLU) of the breast without invasion into the surrounding stroma...
Improving the power to establish clinical similarity in a Phase 3 efficacy trial by incorporating prior evidence of analytical and pharmacokinetic similarity
Creators: name: Chi, E.
name: Pan, J.
name: Hu, K.
name: Lin, D.Y.
name: Zeng, D.
Publisher: name: Taylor and Francis Inc.
Year: 2018

description: To improve patients’ access to safe and effective biological medicines, abbreviated licensure pathways for biosimilar and interchangeable biological products have been established in the US, Europe, and other countries around the world. The US Food and Drug Administration and European Medicines Agency have published various guidance documents on the development and approval of biosimilars, which recommend a “totality-of-the-evidence” approach with a stepwise process to demonstrate biosimilarity. The approach relies on comprehensive comparability studies ranging from analytical and nonclinical studies to clinical pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) and efficacy studies. A clinical efficacy study may be necessary to address residual uncertainty about the biosimilarity of the proposed product to the reference product and support a demonstration that there are no clinically meaningful differences. In this article, we propose a statistical strategy that takes into account the similarity evidence from analytical assessments and PK studies in the design and analysis of the clinical efficacy study in order to address residual uncertainty and enhance statistical power and precision. We assume that if the proposed biosimilar product and the reference product are shown to be highly similar with respect to the analytical and PK parameters, then they should also be similar with respect to the efficacy parameters. We show that the proposed methods provide correct control of the type I error and improve the power and precision of the efficacy study upon the standard analysis that disregards the prior evidence. We confirm and illustrate the theoretical results through simulation studies based on the biosimilars development experience of many different products.
Initial Characterization of Back-Illuminated CMOS Detector Noise
Creators: name: Barstow, Juliana
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Solar instruments
Solar x-ray emission
Detection

description: During periods of high solar activity, solar flares tend to occur in coronal active regions, heating the local plasma to temperatures above 10 MK. As a result, an abundant amount of soft x-rays (SXR) and extreme ultraviolet (EUV) are emitted from the hot plasma. While SXR is a good source for imaging solar activity due to its highly contrasting details, this can be a problem for current EUV and SXR CCD imagers on solar observatories. When large flares are observed, the CCD pixels can saturate and bloom into adjacent pixels, resulting in a tremendous loss in critical flare dynamic information (flaring plasma geometry, participle acceleration, etc.). We present the use of silicon-based SXR CMOS detectors with readout rates faster than 10 Hz. We characterize the various CMOS noise as a function of readout rates to quantify measurement precision, imaging contrast, and spectral resolution. We measure and analyze SXR data inside and outside of a vacuum chamber. We characterize the effects of readout noise, dark current, and other background noise contributions in the SXR data. Initial results demonstrate that variation in individual pixel noise across multiple frames tends toward a normal distribution. After conducting mean and median frame subtraction, the average noise from all pixels conforms to a singular normal distribution. In the future, data will be collected at various temperatures to look at how pixel noise distributions change. With further work, we aim to utilize the faster readout rates in CMOS detectors on future solar physics space missions. This work is supported by the NSF-REU solar physics program at SAO, grant number AGS-1850750.
Immunogenicity of a first dose of mRNA- or vector-based SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in dialysis patients : a multicenter prospective observational pilot study
Creators: name: Lesny, Paul
name: Anderson, Mark
name: Cloherty, Gavin
name: Stec, Michael
name: Haase-Fielitz, Anja
name: Haarhaus, Mathias
name: Santos, Carla
name: Lucas, Carlos
name: Macário, Fernando
name: Haase, Michael
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: ACE2 receptor binding inhibition capacity
subject: COVID-19
subject: Peritoneal dialysis
subject: Hemodialysis
subject: Responder
subject: mRNA- or vector-based SARS-CoV-2 vaccination
subject: 610.72

description: Background Dialysis patients are at risk for lower SARS-CoV-2-vaccine immunogenicity than the normal population. We assessed immunogenicity to a first mRNA- or vector-based SARS-CoV-2-vaccination dose in dialysis patients. Methods In a multicenter observational pilot study, 2 weeks after a first vaccination (BNT162b2/Pfizer-BioNTech [Comirnaty] or ChAdOx1 nCoV-19/Oxford-Astra-Zeneca [Vaxzevria]), hemodialysis patients (N = 23), peritoneal dialysis patients (N = 4) and healthy staff (N = 14) were tested for SARS-CoV-2-spike IgG/IgM, Nucleocapsid-protein-IgG-antibodies and plasma ACE2-receptor-binding-inhibition capacity. Hemodialysis patients who had had prior COVID-19 infection (N = 18) served as controls. Both response to first SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and IgG spike-positivity following prior COVID-19 infection were defined as SARS-CoV-2 spike IgG levels ≥ 50 AU/mL. Results Vaccination responder rates were 17.4% (4/23) in hemodialysis patients, 100% (4/4) in peritoneal dialysis patients and 57.1% (8/14) in staff (HD vs. PD: p = 0.004, HD vs. staff: p = 0.027). Among hemodialysis patients, type of vaccine (Comirnaty N = 11, Vaxzevria N = 12, 2 responders each) did not appear to influence antibody levels (IgG spike: Comirnaty median 0.0 [1.–3. quartile 0.0–3.8] versus Vaxzevria 4.3 [1.6–20.1] AU/mL, p = 0.079). Of responders to the first dose of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination among hemodialysis patients (N = 4/23), median IgG spike levels and ACE2-receptor-binding-inhibition capacity were lower than that of IgG spike-positive hemodialysis patients with prior COVID-19 infection (13/18, 72.2%): IgG spike: median 222.0, 1.–3. quartile 104.1–721.9 versus median 3794.6, 1.–3. quartile 793.4–9357.9 AU/mL, p = 0.015; ACE2-receptor-binding-inhibition capacity: median 11.5%, 1.–3. quartile 5.0–27.3 versus median 74.8%, 1.–3. quartile 44.9–98.1, p = 0.002. Conclusions Two weeks after their first mRNA- or vector-based SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, hemodialysis patients demonstrated lower antibody-related response than peritoneal dialysis patients and healthy staff or unvaccinated hemodialysis patients following prior COVID-19 infection.
title: Can Computed Tomography Angiography replace the need for invasive coronary angiography prior to transcatheter aortic valve implantation?
Creators: name: Tarmey, Tara
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cardiac
subject: Arteries / Aorta
subject: Cardiovascular system
subject: CT
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: Comparative studies
subject: Ischaemia / Infarction

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) has emerged as an alternative therapy in high-risk patients with severe aortic valve stenosis (AS) [1,2]. Risk factors for atherosclerosis are similar to those of aortic stenosis and consequently...
title: Radiographer's role in prevention of adverse events in critical patients at the MR room.
Creators: name: Mansilla Ungría, Eva
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Education and training
subject: Safety
subject: Health policy and practice
subject: Education
subject: MR
subject: Radiographers
subject: Professional issues
subject: MR physics

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: This educational paper should benefit radiologists and radiographers in reviewing key Magnetic Resonance (MR) safety topics. They will become familiar with critical patient care at the MR...
Suppression of diffusion of hydrogen adatoms on graphene by effective adatom interaction
Creators: name: Talbot, Justin
name: LeBohec, Stephan
name: Mishchenko, Eugene
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Resonant graphene dopants, such as hydrogen adatoms, experience long-range effective interaction mediated by conduction electrons. As a result of this interaction, when several adatoms are present in the sample, hopping of adatoms between sites belonging to different sublattices involves significant energy changes. Different inelastic mechanisms facilitating such hopping -- coupling to phonons and conduction electrons -- are considered. It is estimated that the diffusion of hydrogen adatoms is rather slow, amounting to roughly one hop to a nearest neighbor per millisecond.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures
IJODKOR ESTETIK IDEALI VA HAQIQAT JOZIBASI
Creators: name: Dilmurodova, Nilufar
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Maqolada adibning adabiyot masalalari, xususan, hikoyachilik borasida olib borgan kuzatuvlari ijodiy jarayon zavqi-qiynog‘i, so‘z san’atiga xos estetik-falsafiy tamoyillar, ijodkor dunyosi, jasorati va irodasiga borib taqalishi xususida so‘z yuritiladi. Shuningdek, adib hikoyaning kichik olamida katta olam yaratish orqali estetik ideali  yo‘nalishini belgilab berishi ta’kidlanadi.
(101977) John Vaughn Williams
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
title: Radiological aspects of proptosis
Creators: name: Melki, Iheb
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Metastases
subject: Infection
subject: Endocrine disorders
subject: Education
subject: MR
subject: CT
subject: Eyes

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To review the most common and some of rarer underlying causes of...
Mammographic Density Change With Estrogen and Progestin Therapy and Breast Cancer Risk
Creators: name: Byrne, C.
name: Cole, E.B.
name: Boyd, N.F.
name: Wactawski-Wende, J.
name: Chlebowski, R.T.
name: Heiss, G.
name: Martin, C.F.
name: Lane, D.S.
name: Pisano, E.D.
name: Manson, J.E.
name: Kim, E.
name: McTiernan, A.
name: Ursin, G.
name: Yaffe, M.D.
name: Zeng, D.
name: Peck, J.D.
Publisher: name: Oxford University Press
Year: 2017

description: Background: Estrogen plus progestin therapy increases both mammographic density and breast cancer incidence. Whether mammographic density change associated with estrogen plus progestin initiation predicts breast cancer risk is unknown. Methods: We conducted an ancillary nested case-control study within the Women's Health Initiative trial that randomly assigned postmenopausal women to daily conjugated equine estrogen 0.625 mg plus medroxyprogesterone acetate 2.5 mg or placebo. Mammographic density was assessed from mammograms taken prior to and one year after random assignment for 174 women who later developed breast cancer (cases) and 733 healthy women (controls). Logistic regression analyses included adjustment for confounders and baseline mammographic density when appropriate. Results: Among women in the estrogen plus progestin arm (97 cases/378 controls), each 1% positive change in percent mammographic density increased breast cancer risk 3% (odds ratio [OR] = 1.03, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.01 to 1.06). For women in the highest quintile of mammographic density change (>19.3% increase), breast cancer risk increased 3.6-fold (95% CI = 1.52 to 8.56). The effect of estrogen plus progestin use on breast cancer risk (OR = 1.28, 95% CI = 0.90 to 1.82) was eliminated in this study, after adjusting for change in mammographic density (OR = 1.00, 95% CI = 0.66 to 1.51). Conclusions: We found the one-year change in mammographic density after estrogen plus progestin initiation predicted subsequent increase in breast cancer risk. All of the increased risk from estrogen plus progestin use was mediated through mammographic density change. Doctors should evaluate changes in mammographic density with women who initiate estrogen plus progestin therapy and discuss the breast cancer risk implications.
title: Diagnostic dilemmas: Difficult breast lesions
Creators: name: Kaplan-List, Katia
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Neoplasia
subject: Multidisciplinary cancer care
subject: Cancer
subject: Screening
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Biopsy
subject: Ultrasound
subject: MR
subject: Mammography
subject: Breast

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: 1. Review clinical presentation, imaging features and diagnostic workup of challenging cases of benign and malignant breast lesions. 2. Describe clinical problem solving...
title: HRCT imaging findings of diffuse lung involvement in collagen vascular diseases
Creators: name: Greco, Franco
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Inflammation
subject: Connective tissue disorders
subject: Education
subject: Decision analysis
subject: Complications
subject: CT-High Resolution
subject: CT
subject: Thorax
subject: Respiratory system
subject: Lung

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To briefly review the most common collagen vascular diseases (CVDs) which may have pulmonary involvement. To recognize typical and atypical chest High-Resolution Computed Tomography (HRCT) pulmonary and extrapulmonary imaging...
An Ordinary Differential Equation Model for Fish Schooling
Creators: name: Uchitane, Takeshi
name: Ton, Ta Viet
name: Yagi, Atsushi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60H10, 82C22

description: This paper presents a stochastic differential equation model for describing the process of fish schooling. The model equation always possesses a unique local solution, but global existence can be shown only in some particular cases. Some numerical examples show that the global existence may fail in general.
title: Oropharyngeal videofluoroscopic swallow study. A how-to pictorial review.
Creators: name: Azpeitia Armán, Francisco Javier
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Swallowing disorders
subject: Dynamic swallowing studies
subject: Fluoroscopy
subject: Ear / Nose / Throat

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: -To describe oropharyngeal region anatomy and mechanism of swallowing . -To review the indications and study protocol of videofluoroscopic evaluation of oropharyngeal swallowing. -To illustrate normal and abnormal imaging findings in...
Acceptability of Long-Acting Injectable Cabotegravir (CAB LA) in HIV-Uninfected Individuals: HPTN 077
Creators: name: Chau, G.
name: Li, S.
name:  Liu, A.
name: Siegel, M.
name: Cottle, L.
name: Bertha, M.
name: Humphries, H.
name: Landovitz, R.J.
name: Panchia, R.
name: Margolis, D.
name: McCauley, M.
name: Tolley, E.E.
name: Rinehart, A.
name: Grinsztejn, B.
name: Zangeneh, S.Z.
name: Eron, J.
name: Jennings, A.
Publisher: name: Springer
Year: 2020

description: Long-acting injectable PrEP could offer an alternative to daily oral PrEP, improve adherence and protection, if found acceptable, safe and effective. HPTN 077 evaluated injectable cabotegravir safety, tolerability and pharmacokinetics among HIV-uninfected males and females in sequentially-enrolled cohorts of two dosing strategies. We compared acceptability of product attributes, prevention preferences and future interest in injectable PrEP (FIIP) by region, sex-at-birth, arm and cohort and used multivariable analysis to identify FIIP determinants. Baseline injectable PrEP preferences were higher in non-U.S. sites and increased in both regions over time. In multivariable models, FIIP was most strongly associated with acceptability of product attributes, was higher in non-U.S. sites and more altruistic participants. Treatment arm and report of pain were not associated with FIIP. Injectable acceptability was highest in non-U.S. sites. Preferences for injectable versus other PrEP methods were higher among U.S. males than females, but higher among males and females in non-U.S. settings.
A Robust Scheme for PSS Detection and Integer Frequency Offset Recovery in LTE Systems
Creators: name: Morelli, M.
name: Moretti, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Before establishing a communication link in a cellular network, the user terminal must activate a synchronization procedure called initial cell search in order to acquire specific information about the serving base station. To accomplish this task, the primary synchronization signal (PSS) and secondary synchronization signal (SSS) are periodically transmitted in the downlink of a Long Term Evolution (LTE) network. Since SSS detection can be performed only after successful identification of the primary signal, in this work we present a robust scheme for joint PSS detection, sector index identification and integer frequency offset (IFO) recovery in an LTE system. The proposed algorithm relies on the maximum likelihood (ML) estimation criterion and exploits a suitable reduced-rank representation of the channel frequency response to take multipath distortions into account. We show that some PSS detection methods that were originally introduced through heuristic reasoning can be derived from our ML framework by selecting an appropriate model for the channel gains over the PSS subcarriers. Numerical simulations indicate that the proposed scheme can be effectively applied in the presence of severe multipath propagation, where existing alternatives provide unsatisfactory performance.
title: Radiographic and statistical analysis of Brain Arteriovenous Malformations.
Creators: name: Rodriguez, Clara
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: Catheter arteriography
subject: Angioscopy
subject: Arteriovenous malformations

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: Review the main characteristics of cerebral arteriovenous malformations through cases diagnosed and treated in our...
Work measurement in an optomechanical quantum heat engine
Creators: name: Dong, Ying
name: Zhang, Keye
name: Bariani, Francesco
name: Meystre, Pierre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze theoretically the measurement of the mean output work and its fluctuations in a recently proposed optomechanical quantum heat engine [K. Zhang {\it et al.} Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf112}, 150602 (2014)]. After showing that this work can be evaluated by a continuous measurements of the intracavity photon number we discuss both dispersive and absorptive measurement schemes and analyze their back-action effects on the efficiency of the engine. Both measurements are found to reduce the efficiency of the engine, but their back-action is both qualitatively and quantitatively different. For dispersive measurements the efficiency decreases as a result of the mixing of photonic and phononic excitations, while for absorptive measurements, its reduction results from photon losses due to the interaction with the quantum probe.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures
Pulsar braking: magnetodipole vs. wind
Creators: name: Tong, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Pulsars are good clocks in the universe. One fundamental question is that why they are good clocks? This is related to the braking mechanism of pulsars. Nowadays pulsar timing is done with unprecedented accuracy. More pulsars have braking indices measured. The period derivative of intermittent pulsars and magnetars can vary by a factor of several. However, during pulsar studies, the magnetic dipole braking in vacuum is still often assumed. It is shown that the fundamental assumption of magnetic dipole braking (vacuum condition) does not exist and it is not consistent with the observations. The physical torque must consider the presence of the pulsar magnetosphere. Among various efforts, the wind braking model can explain many observations of pulsars and magnetars in a unified way. It is also consistent with the up-to-date observations. It is time for a paradigm shift in pulsar studies: from magnetic dipole braking to wind braking. As one alternative to the magnetospheric model, the fallback disk model is also discussed.
description: 12 pages, invited review, published in "Science China: Physics, Mechanics & Astronomy"
Recommendations for analytical antiretroviral treatment interruptions in HIV research trials: report of a consensus meeting
Creators: name: Miller, V.
name: Pantaleo, G.
name: Tiemessen, C.T.
name: Kuritzkes, D.
name: Schacker, T.
name: Stephenson, K.
name: Julg, B.
name: Sugarman, J.
name: Colby, D.J.
name: Sogaard, O.S.
name: Dee, L.
name: Ananworanich, J.
name: Nixon, D.F.
name: Michael, N.L.
name: Johnston, R.
name: Dube, K.
name: Palm, D.
name: Goulder, P.
name: Jefferys, R.
name: Tressler, R.
name: Dawson, L.
name: Likhitwonnawut, U.
name: Spudich, S.
name: Tebas, P.
name: Eron, J.
name: Robb, M.L.
name: Frater, J.
name: Weiss, C.D.
name: Sheikh, V.
name: Barouch, D.H.
name: van Lunzen, J.
name: Peay, H.
name: Geleziunas, R.
name: Zheng, L.
name: Deeks, S.G.
name: Bar, K.
name: Hanna, G.J.
name: Martinez-Picado, J.
name: Walker, B.D.
name: Salzwedel, K.
name: Mellors, J.W.
name: Dong, K.L.
name: Li, J.Z.
name: Gandhi, R.T.
name: Salzwedel, J.
name: Taylor, J.
name: Caskey, M.
name: Persaud, D.
name: Montaner, L.J.
Publisher: name: Elsevier Ltd
Year: 2019

description: Analytical antiretroviral treatment interruption (ATI) is an important feature of HIV research, seeking to achieve sustained viral suppression in the absence of antiretroviral therapy (ART) when the goal is to measure effects of novel therapeutic interventions on time to viral load rebound or altered viral setpoint. Trials with ATIs also intend to determine host, virological, and immunological markers that are predictive of sustained viral control off ART. Although ATI is increasingly incorporated into proof-of-concept trials, no consensus has been reached on strategies to maximise its utility and minimise its risks. In addition, differences in ATI trial designs hinder the ability to compare efficacy and safety of interventions across trials. Therefore, we held a meeting of stakeholders from many interest groups, including scientists, clinicians, ethicists, social scientists, regulators, people living with HIV, and advocacy groups, to discuss the main challenges concerning ATI studies and to formulate recommendations with an emphasis on strategies for risk mitigation and monitoring, ART resumption criteria, and ethical considerations. In this Review, we present the major points of discussion and consensus views achieved with the goal of informing the conduct of ATIs to maximise the knowledge gained and minimise the risk to participants in clinical HIV research.
title: Indirect endovascular reperfusion of foot angiosome in patients with critical limb ischemia – the alternative technique in severe cases.
Creators: name: Jaunozolina, Liga
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Ischaemia / Infarction
subject: Arteriosclerosis
subject: Angioscopy
subject: Angioplasty
subject: Catheter arteriography
subject: Vascular
subject: Interventional vascular

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: Currently the recommendations of percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) of below-the-knee vessels are mainly targeted to direct reperfusion of ischemic angiosome in patients with critical limb ischemia (CLI), but this technique is not always...
title: Contrast-enhancing patterns in the brain and meninges in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI): patophisiology, types and potential pitfalls
Creators: name: GAYÁN BELMONTE, Mª JESÚS
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cancer
subject: Contrast agent-other
subject: MR
subject: CNS

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To understand the mechanisms of contrast-enhancement in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the central nervous system (CNS), provide an approach to intracranial pathology on the basis of their pattern, and discuss the potential pitfalls we must...
Factorizations of the Fibonacci Infinite Word
Creators: name: Fici, Gabriele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Formal Languages and Automata Theory (cs.FL)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 68R15

description: The aim of this note is to survey the factorizations of the Fibonacci infinite word that make use of the Fibonacci words and other related words, and to show that all these factorizations can be easily derived in sequence starting from elementary properties of the Fibonacci numbers.
title: A Journey of Collective Scientific Learning: A Networking Event on Transformative Research Hosted by the Austrian Institute of Technology
Creators: name: Voggenreiter, Valerie
name: Beyers, Felix
Publisher: name: Research Institute for Sustainability (RIFS)
Year: 2023

description: In this report, the authors reflect on three key lessons they learned for the community from the two- day event that led to follow-up questions and elaborations: ▪ Transformative research critically advances from collaborative questioning: Is it really a mat- ter of combining efforts to formulate the right questions instead of generating fast knowledge and solutions? ▪ Transformative research benefits from a shared identity: Who are we and what does trans- formative research change for us in our role and every-day scientific practice? ▪ Embodying participatory practices is key for transformative research: What kind of attitudes and formats do we use to come together in meaningful ways?
Characterizing the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Care Continuum among Transgender Women and Cisgender Women and Men in Clinical Care: A Retrospective Time-series Analysis
Creators: name: Rebeiro, P.F.
name: Mattocks, K.
name: Horberg, M.A.
name: Hanna, D.B.
name: Mayor, A.
name: Rich, A.J.
name: Eron, J.J.
name: Reisner, S.
name: Mathews, W.C.
name: Kitahata, M.M.
name: Silverberg, M.J.
name: Klein, M.
name: Thorne, J.
name: Althoff, K.N.
name: Moore, R.D.
name: Jing, Y.
name: Poteat, T.
Publisher: name: Oxford University Press
Year: 2020

description: Background: Prior studies suggest that transgender women (TW) with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are less likely to be virally suppressed than cisgender women (CW) and cisgender men (CM). However, prior data are limited by small sample sizes and cross-sectional designs. We sought to characterize the HIV care continuum comparing TW to CW and CM in the United States and Canada. Methods: We analyzed annual HIV care continuum outcomes by gender status from January 2001 through December 2015 among adults (aged â‰¥18 years) in 15 clinical cohorts. Outcomes were retention in care and viral suppression. Results: The study population included TW (n = 396), CW (n = 14 094), and CM (n = 101 667). TW had lower proportions retained in care than CW and CM (P <. 01). Estimates of retention in care were consistently lower in TW, with little change over time within each group. TW and CW had similar proportions virally suppressed over time (TW, 36% in 2001 and 80% in 2015; CW, 35% in 2001 and 83% in 2015) and were lower than CM (41% in 2001 and 87% in 2015). These differences did not reach statistical significance after adjusting for age, race, HIV risk group, and cohort. Conclusions: TW experience challenges with retention in HIV care. However, TW who are engaged in care achieve viral suppression that is comparable to that of CW and CM of similar age, race, and HIV risk group. Further research is needed to understand care engagement disparities.
Non-parametric methods for Longitudinal cognitive diagnosis: Based on the links of knowledge state of the students and the ideal response pattern 纵向非参数认知诊断评估
Creators: name: Zheng, TianPeng
name: Guo, Lei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Educational psychology
Testing, assessment and psychometrics
Psychological methodology, design and analysis

description: This online resource is an R code of the 4 specific Longitudinal cognitive diagnosis model [Longitudinal non-parametric classification (LNPC), Longitudinal weighted non-parametric classification(LWNPC), Longitudinal generalized non-parametric classification(LGNPC) and Longitudinal weighted generalized non-parametric classification (LWGNPC)].  Users can use this code to obtain the estimation of Longitudinal cognitive diagnosis model to get the KS of students.
title: Implementing an outpatient protocol for iodinated contrast nephropathy prevention
Creators: name: Guio Fernández, Jose
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Toxicity
subject: Quality assurance
subject: Cost-effectiveness
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: CT
subject: Management
subject: Kidney
subject: Contrast agents

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: Describe a newly instituted outpatient protocol for contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) prevention in contrast-enhanced CT scans...
(101975) Arthur Edward Williams
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Brief Report: Virologic Response by Baseline Viral Load With Dolutegravir Plus Lamivudine vs Dolutegravir Plus Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate/Emtricitabine: Pooled Analysis
Creators: name: Urbaityte, R.
name: Gartland, M.
name: Maggiolo, F.
name: Bogner, J.
name: Hung, C.-C.
name: Underwood, M.
name: Aboud, M.
name: Man, C.Y.
name: Sievers, J.
name: Falco, V.
name: Koteff, J.
name: Mills, A.
name: Slim, J.
name: Wynne, B.
name: Baril, J.-G.
name: Eron, J.
name: Pappa, K.A.
name: Smith, K.Y.
name: Tenorio, A.R.
Publisher: name: NLM (Medline)
Year: 2020

description: BACKGROUND: To investigate antiviral potency of the 2-drug regimen (2DR) dolutegravir plus lamivudine vs the 3-drug regimen (3DR) dolutegravir plus tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/emtricitabine, we performed a post-hoc analysis assessing antiviral response rates in the phase III GEMINI-1 and GEMINI-2 studies by baseline viral load (VL). SETTING: One hundred ninety-two centers in 21 countries. METHODS: Treatment-naive HIV-1-infected participants with screening VL â‰¤500,000 copies/mL were randomized 1:1 to once-daily dolutegravir plus lamivudine or dolutegravir plus tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/emtricitabine. Median change from baseline was determined for log10-transformed VL in the overall study population and the subpopulation with baseline VL >100,000 copies/mL. Proportion of participants achieving plasma VL <50 copies/mL (Snapshot algorithm) or <40 copies/mL (Abbott RealTime HIV-1 assay) and target not detected was assessed through week 48 by baseline VL. Time to viral suppression was determined (nonparametric Kaplan-Meier method). RESULTS: For 293 participants with baseline VL >100,000 copies/mL, median change from baseline at week 4 was -3.38 and -3.40 log10 copies/mL in the 2DR and 3DR groups, respectively; reduction was sustained throughout 48 weeks. Time to VL <50 copies/mL was longer in participants with baseline VL >100,000 copies/mL than the overall study population (57 [week 8] vs 29 days [week 4]) and similar between the 2DR and 3DR groups. Proportion of participants with VL <50 or <40 copies/mL and target not detected was similar between groups, irrespective of baseline VL, at all tested visits throughout 48 weeks. CONCLUSION: Dolutegravir plus lamivudine demonstrates high antiviral potency in treatment-naive HIV-1-infected individuals across baseline VL strata.
An integrated quantum repeater at telecom wavelength with single atoms in optical fiber cavities
Creators: name: Uphoff, Manuel
name: Brekenfeld, Manuel
name: Rempe, Gerhard
name: Ritter, Stephan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum repeaters promise to enable quantum networks over global distances by circumventing the exponential decrease in success probability inherent in direct photon transmission. We propose a realistic, functionally integrated quantum repeater implementation based on single atoms in optical cavities. Entanglement is directly generated between the single-atom quantum memory and a photon at telecom wavelength. The latter is collected with high efficiency and adjustable temporal and spectral properties into a spatially well-defined cavity mode. It is heralded by a near-infrared photon emitted from a second, orthogonal cavity. Entanglement between two remote quantum memories can be generated via an optical Bell-state measurement, while we propose entanglement swapping based on a highly efficient, cavity-assisted atom-atom gate. Our quantum repeater scheme eliminates any requirement for wavelength conversion such that only a single system is needed at each node. We investigate a particular implementation with rubidium and realistic parameters for Fabry-Perot cavities based on CO$_2$ laser-machined optical fibers. We show that the scheme enables the implementation of a rather simple quantum repeater that outperforms direct entanglement generation over large distances and does not require any improvements in technology beyond the state of the art.
description: 14 pages, 6 figures
Renal safety of tenofovir alafenamide vs. tenofovir disoproxil fumarate: A pooled analysis of 26 clinical trials
Creators: name: Rockstroh, J.K.
name: Mudrikova, T.
name: Pozniak, A.L.
name: Sax, P.E.
name: Arribas, J.R.
name: Elion, R.A.
name: Post, F.A.
name: Das, M.
name: Guo, S.
name: Waters, L.
name: Podzamczer, D.
name: Gupta, S.K.
name: Martin, H.
name: Orkin, C.
name: Esser, S.
name: Clarke, A.E.
name: Stellbrink, H.-J.
name: Zhong, L.
name: Eron, J.J.
name: Sengupta, D.
name: Brainard, D.
name: Negredo, E.
name: Carter, C.
name: Wohl, D.A.
Publisher: name: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins
Year: 2019

description: Objective:Compared with tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF), tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) has been associated with improvement in markers of renal dysfunction in individual randomized trials; however, the comparative incidence of clinically significant renal events remains unclear.Design:We used a pooled data approach to increase the person-years of drug exposure analysed, maximizing our ability to detect differences in clinically significant outcomes.Methods:We pooled clinical renal safety data across 26 treatment-naive and antiretroviral switch studies to compare the incidence of proximal renal tubulopathy and discontinuation due to renal adverse events between participants taking TAF-containing regimens vs. those taking TDF-containing regimens. We performed secondary analyses from seven large randomized studies (two treatment-naive and five switch studies) to compare incidence of renal adverse events, treatment-emergent proteinuria, changes in serum creatinine, creatinine clearance, and urinary biomarkers (albumin, beta-2-microglobulin, and retinol binding protein-to-creatinine ratios).Results:Our integrated analysis included 9322 adults and children with HIV (n = 6360 TAF, n = 2962 TDF) with exposure of 12 519 person-years to TAF and 5947 to TDF. There were no cases of proximal renal tubulopathy in participants receiving TAF vs. 10 cases in those receiving TDF (P < 0.001), and fewer individuals on TAF (3/6360) vs. TDF (14/2962) (P < 0.001) discontinued due to a renal adverse event. Participants initiating TAF-based vs. TDF-based regimens had more favourable changes in renal biomarkers through 96 weeks of therapy.Conclusion:These pooled data from 26 studies, with over 12 500 person-years of follow-up in children and adults, support the comparative renal safety of TAF over TDF.
(101976) John Williams
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Generalizing evidence from randomized trials using inverse probability of sampling weights
Creators: name: Daar, E.S.
name: Hudgens, M.G.
name: Sax, P.E.
name: Mollan, K.R.
name: Mugavero, M.J.
name: Buchanan, A.L.
name: Eron, J.J.
name: Cole, S.R.
name: Adimora, A.A.
Publisher: name: Blackwell Publishing Ltd
Year: 2018

description: Results obtained in randomized trials may not easily generalize to target populations. Whereas in randomized trials the treatment assignment mechanism is known, the sampling mechanism by which individuals are selected to participate in the trial is typically not known and assuming random sampling from the target population is often dubious. We consider an inverse probability of sampling weighted (IPSW) estimator for generalizing trial results to a target population. The IPSW estimator is shown to be consistent and asymptotically normal. A consistent sandwich-type variance estimator is derived and simulation results are presented comparing the IPSW estimator with a previously proposed stratified estimator. The methods are then utilized to generalize results from two randomized trials of human immunodeficiency virus treatment to all people living with the disease in the USA.
title: Update of the Neuromyelitis Optica Diagnostic Criteria
Creators: name: Morandeira Arrizabalaga, Clara
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Pathology
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: MR
subject: Neuroradiology spine
subject: Neuroradiology brain

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: Our objectives in this study are: To review the new diagnostic criteria for the NeuroMyelitis Optica (NMO). To describe the main imaging findings in NMO and differences from multiple sclerosis...
(101978) Emily Jane Williams
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
The relationship between efavirenz as initial antiretroviral therapy and suicidal thoughts among HIV-infected adults in routine care
Creators: name: Bengtson, A.M.
name: OCleirigh, C.
name: Kitahata, M.M.
name: Mathews, W.C.
name: Mollan, K.R.
name: Edwards, J.K.
name: Crane, H.
name: Eron, J.J.
name: Pence, B.W.
name: Moore, R.D.
name: Eaton, E.F.
name: Mugavero, M.J.
Publisher: name: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins
Year: 2017

description: Background: Evidence about the effect of initiating efavirenz-containing combination antiretroviral therapy (ART) as the first-line therapy on suicidal thoughts remains conflicting. Methods: Using data from a cohort of HIV-infected adults enrolled in routine care across 5 sites in the United States, we included participants with a baseline patient-reported outcome measure and detectable viral load who initiated ART between 2011 and 2014. Participants were followed until the earliest of the following: first suicidal thoughts, discontinuation of initial ART regimen, death, loss to care (>12 months with no HIV appointments), or administrative censoring (2014-2015). Suicidal thoughts were measured using a Patient Health Questionnaire-9 item. We used weighted marginal structural Cox models to estimate the effect of initiating efavirenz-containing ART, versus efavirenz-free ART, on the hazard of active or passive suicidal thoughts after ART initiation, accounting for confounding by channeling bias. Results: Overall, 597 participants were followed for a median of 19 months (13, 132 total person-months); 147 (25%) initiated efavirenz-containing ART. At ART initiation, 38% of participants reported suicidal thoughts or depressive symptoms. Initiating efavirenz-based ART was associated with a hazard ratio (HR) for suicidal thoughts below the null in the crude analysis [HR, 0.88; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.53 to 1.45] and above the null in the weighted analysis (HR, 1.21; 95% CI: 0.66 to 2.28). Among those with a prior mental health issue, the weighted HR was 1.76 (95% CI: 0.45 to 6.86). Conclusions: After accounting for measured channeling bias, we observed no strong evidence that initiating efavirenz-containing ART increased the hazard of suicidal thoughts.
HIV cure strategies: How good must they be to improve on current antiretroviral therapy?
Creators: name: Paltiel, A.D.
name: Morris, B.L.
name: Losina, E.
name: Freedberg, K.A.
name: Seage, G.R., III
name: Kelly, K.A.
name: Eron, J.
name: Weinstein, M.C.
name: Walensky, R.P.
name: Sax, P.E.
name: Sypek, A.
name: Berkowitz, B.K.
Publisher: name: Public Library of Science
Year: 2014

description: Background: We examined efficacy, toxicity, relapse, cost, and quality-of-life thresholds of hypothetical HIV cure interventions that would make them cost-effective compared to life-long antiretroviral therapy (ART). Copyright:Methods: We used a computer simulation model to assess three HIV cure strategies: Gene Therapy, Chemotherapy, and Stem Cell Transplantation (SCT), each compared to ART. Efficacy and cost parameters were varied widely in sensitivity analysis. Outcomes included quality-adjusted life expectancy, lifetime cost, and cost-effectiveness in dollars/quality-adjusted life year ($/QALY) gained. Strategies were deemed cost-effective with incremental cost-effectiveness ratios <$100,000/ QALY.Results: For patients on ART, discounted quality-adjusted life expectancy was 16.4 years and lifetime costs were $591,400. Gene Therapy was cost-effective with efficacy of 10%, relapse rate 0.5%/month, and cost $54,000. Chemotherapy was costeffective with efficacy of 88%, relapse rate 0.5%/month, and cost $12,400/month for 24 months. At $150,000/procedure, SCT was cost-effective with efficacy of 79% and relapse rate 0.5%/month. Moderate efficacy increases and cost reductions made Gene Therapy cost-saving, but substantial efficacy/cost changes were needed to make Chemotherapy or SCT cost-saving.Conclusions: Depending on efficacy, relapse rate, and cost, cure strategies could be cost-effective compared to current ART and potentially cost-saving. These results may help provide performance targets for developing cure strategies for HIV.