cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Modified Dispersion Relations and Black Hole Entropy
Creators: name: Garattini, Remo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the black hole entropy in the context of the Modified Dispersion Relations using the brick wall model. An explicit dependence of the radial coordinate approaching the horizon is shown to analyze the behavior of the divergence. We find that, due to the modification of the density of states, the brick wall can be eliminated. By assuming a specific form for the radial coordinate $r(E/E_{P}) $, we examine a possible candidate for $r(E/E_{P}) $. A comparison with the 't Hooft approach is presented.
description: LaTeX 12 Pages. Extended Version of the paper accepted for publication in PLB. References added
title: Effects of Thermosonication on Microbial Population Reduction and Solubility Index in Skim Milk Powder
Creators: name: Beatty, Nicola F.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2016

description: The effects of thermosonication (high intensity ultrasound coupled with thermal treatment), on the reduction of thermophilic spore-forming microorganisms and its effects on the solubility index in reconstituted skim milk powder (RSMP) were evaluated. Thermosonication was applied to RSMP at various solids concentrations, temperatures, and lengths of time based on commercial milk powder processing conditions. Microbial counts were determined prior to and after treatments to determine the log reduction of Geobacillus stearothermophilusvegetative cells and spores. Log reductions were recorded, and data were analyzed by response surface analysis. The log reductions induced by temperature and time without high intensity ultrasound (HIU) were compared to reductions observed with HIU. Thermosonication was also applied to RSMP to determine effects on solubility using a continuous flow cell system. Thermosonication yielded a significantly higher level of microbial destruction for both vegetative cells and spores than heat treatment alone. For experiments involving vegetative cells, the interaction of treatment time and temperature proved to have the greatest influence on microbial inactivation. In comparison, the interaction of total solids content and length of HIU treatment demonstrated the greatest effect on the increased log reductions for spores. The solubility of RSMP treated with HIU did not significantly differ from the solubility of RSMP not treated with HIU. Further data showed the implementation of HIU, or thermosonication, during milk powder processing would be most effective before and after the evaporation stage when the total solids content of product is 9.2% and 50% at 75°C and 60°C, respectively. Based on preliminary data, it is assumed HIU applied for 10 s at these two locations would produce an additive effect, thereby reducing overall microbial counts by 5.76 log and 0.51 log for G. stearothermophilus vegetative cells and spores, respectively, in the product prior to entering the drying stage. All research findings and observations suggest HIU, or thermosonication, to be a successful method for reducing microbial populations during milk powder processing without sacrificing skim milk powder solubility
title: Explicit Construction of First Integrals for the Toda Flow on a Classical Simple Lie Algebra
Creators: name: Seegmiller, Patrick
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2015

description: The Toda flow is a Hamiltonian system which evolves on the dual of the Borel subalgebra of a complex Lie algebra g. The dual of the Borel subalgebra can be identified with an affine subspace of its negative plus the element given by the sum of the simple root vectors in g. The system has been proven completely integrable in the Liouville sense on a generic coadjoint orbit for the Borel subgroup. This paper gives a verification of integrability of the Toda flow on classical simple Lie algebras and describes a method for the construction of a complete collection of integrals of motion for each. After this description, an implementation of the outlined procedures is given in the Maple programming environment, together with explicit examples, demonstrating both the accuracy of the procedure and the efficacy of the Maple programming code.
Magnetic Silicon Fullerene
Creators: name: Wang, Jing
name: Liu, Ying
name: Li, You-Cheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A metal-encapsulating silicon fullerene, Eu@Si20, has been predicted by density functional theory to be by far the most stable fullerene-like silicon structure. The Eu@Si20 structure is a dodecahedron with D2h symmetry in which the europium atom occupies the center site. The calculated results show that the europium atom has a large magnetic moment of nearly 7.0 Bohr magnetons. In addition, it was found that a stable "pearl necklace" nanowire, constructed by concatenating a series of Eu@Si20 units, with the central europium atom, retains the high spin moment. The magnetic structure of the nanowire indicates potential applications in the fields of spintronics and high-density magnetic storage.
Study of the mechanism of oxidative decarboxylation of [alpha]-hydroxy acids by bromine water
Creators: name: Pink, Judith Margaret Osyany
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: A kinetic study of the mechanism of oxidative decarboxylation of α-hydroxy acids by bromine water throughout the pH range revealed two distinct reactions paths. At low pH HOBr rather than Br₂ is the oxidant. The reaction kinetics is complex in bromine water but a second order rate law is observed when the formation of bromide is suppressed by the addition of silver ion,, On the basis of the pH - rate profiles, solvent isotope effect and the insensitivity of reaction rate to α-deuteration it is concluded that HOBr attacks the undissociated hydroxy acid but the rate controlling step also involves a base catalyzed proton loss from the hydroxyl group. Calculated pH - rate profiles, based on a steady state treatment, are in agreement with the observed values for all three model compounds studied in detail: benzilic, mandelic and 2-hydroxy-2-methylpropanoic acids. Rate equations are also derived for the complex reactions occurring in the presence of accumulating bromide. The mechanism of α-hydroxy acid oxidation is compared with the oxidation pattern of alcohols and of oxalic acid in the bromine water system. Above pH 6 molecular bromine is found to be the most important oxidant for α-hydroxy acid. Slow oxidation also occurs by HOBr but not by OBr¯. The reaction is general base catalyzed. A rate expression is derived, based on a steady state treatment, assuming carboxylate - Br₂ and carboxylate - HOBr reactions with concurrent base catalyzed loss of the hydroxylic proton. The calculated rate constants are in good agreement with the values observed both in the presence and absence of added bromide. Results are also presented of: 1) A preliminary investigation of oxidative decarboxylation of α-amino acids by bromine water. 2) A study of the oxidation of α-hydroxy and α-amino acids by permanganate throughout the pH range.
title: Investigating the Effect of Carbon Nanotube Functionalization in a Polydimethylsiloxane Composite Through use of a Stepped Bar Apparatus
Creators: name: Ralphs, Matthew I.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2016

description: Thermal interface materials (TIMs) are used as an aid in transporting heat away from a circuit or electronic module. Composite materials are a popular research area for TIMs because they allow the desired properties from the individual constituents to be combined. The composite selected for this study uses carbon nanotubes (CNT) as the filler and an elastomeric polymer for the matrix, specifically a multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) / polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) composite. Additionally, functionalization of the CNT may affect the composites’ thermal conductivity because of its effect on the CNT dispersion in the polymer matrix and its effect on the CNT-polymer interface. The objective of this study was to determine the effect CNT functionalization has on the effective thermal conductivity of a MWCNT/PDMS composite. The three functionalization’s used in this study are unfunctionalized, functionalized with a carboxyl group, and functionalized with a hydroxyl group. Secondary objectives were to develop the initial stages of a carbon-polymer composite database and to perform an uncertainty analysis on the stepped bar apparatus used in this study. The database is to be used for visualization of data found in literature to promote data driven research. The uncertainty analysis on the stepped bar apparatus is to qualify the instrument for thermal measurements in this study
Initial results showed some increase in thermal properties of the composite, but there was little difference between the thermal conductivity of the three functionalization’s because of the high level of uncertainty used early on in this study. Later results showed an increase in mechanical properties of the composite which offset any thermal advantage with use as a TIM. A stronger composite means less compression under a similar load, resulting in a thicker TIM and higher resistance. However, the mechanical and thermal properties compound to show that -OH functionalized MWCNT present better properties for a TIM than unfunctionalized and -COOH functionalized; none show better results than the polymer by itself.
Projective measurements and generation of entangled Dirac particles in Schwarzschild Spacetime
Creators: name: Wang, Jieci
name: Pan, Qiyuan
name: Jing, Jiliang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that the projective measurements made by Bob who locates near the event horizon of the Schwarzschild black hole will create entangled particles detected by Alice who stays stationary at the asymptotically flat region. It is found that the degree of entanglement decreases as the frequency of the detected particles increases and approaches to zero as the frequency $ω_\mathbf{k} \to\infty$. It is also noted that the degree of entanglement increases as the Hawking temperature increases. Especially, the particle state is unentangled when the Hawking temperature is zero and approaches a maximally entangled Bell state when the black hole evaporates completely.
description: 11 pages, 1 figure; Accepted by Annals of physics
A study of the androgen mediated transcriptome and AR interactome in AI resistant breast cancer
Creators: name: Bleach, Rachel
Publisher: name: Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland
Year: 2021
Subjects: Cancer

description: Aromatase inhibitors (AI) are the vanguard treatment for hormone receptor positive, postmenopausal breast cancer, however, acquired resistance occurs in up to 40% of patients. AI therapies, by their mechanism of action, create a predominantly androgenic steroid environment. In this study, a multi-omic approach was undertaken to elucidate the role of the androgen receptor (AR) in AI resistant breast cancer. Evidence from this study suggests that cancer cells adapt to utilise the adrenal prohormone, androstenedione and/or its metabolites, to promote resistance and survival in AI resistance. AR protein levels are associated with better disease-free survival in a breast cancer tissue microarray (TMA), however, in an AI treated cohort this does not hold. This research has found ARtranscriptional activity, and serum levels of the steroid, androstenedione, to be elevated in patients who recur on AI therapy. RNA sequencing of AI resistant cells (LetR) identified an AR mediated gene signature arising fromthe altered steroid environment associated with AI therapy resistance. This gene signature is associated with cells that have adapted to utilise androstenedione and/or its metabolites as demonstrated by transcriptional attenuation when cells are re-exposed to estradiol. LetR cell growth is AR dependent as a reduction in viability is observed with the anti-AR therapy enzalutamide. Furthermore, enzalutamide abrogates colony formation, mammosphere generation and the self-renewal capabilities of LetR cells,which is not observed in sensitive cell counterparts. LC–MS/MS analysis identified androgen-mediated AR protein interactors unique to the AI resistant model. Further analysis of these identified a differential protein interaction network in AI resistant and sensitive cells. As breast cancer is a steroid sensitive disease, this study provides important insight into understanding the impact of alterations in the steroid microenvironment. Furthermore, the AR-mediated gene signature and AR protein partners identified in this study provide novel insight into thedichotomous role of AR in breast cancer and could be used to better identify patients who could benefit from anti-AR therapy.
title: Separation of Points and Interval Estimation in Mixed Dose-Response Curves with Selective Component Labeling
Creators: name: Flake, Darl D.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2016

description: This dissertation develops, applies, and investigates new methods to improve the analysis of logistic regression mixture models. An interesting dose-response experiment was previously carried out on a mixed population, in which the class membership of only a subset of subjects (survivors) were subsequently labeled. In early analyses of the dataset, challenges with separation of points and asymmetric confidence intervals were encountered. This dissertation extends the previous analyses by characterizing the model in terms of a mixture of penalized (Firth) logistic regressions and developing methods for constructing profile likelihood-based confidence and inverse intervals, and confidence bands in the context of such a model. The proposed methods are applied to the motivating dataset and another related dataset, resulting in improved inference on model parameters. Additionally, a simulation experiment is carried out to further illustrate the benefits of the proposed methods and to begin to explore better designs for future studies. The penalized model is shown to be less biased than the traditional model and profile likelihood-based intervals are shown to have better coverage probability than Wald-type intervals. Some limitations, extensions, and alternatives to the proposed methods are discussed.
The s process in massive stars at low metallicity. Effect of primary N14 from fast rotating stars
Creators: name: Pignatari, M.
name: Gallino, R.
name: Meynet, G.
name: Hirschi, R.
name: Herwig, F.
name: Wiescher, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The goal of this paper is to analyze the impact of a primary neutron source on the s-process nucleosynthesis in massive stars at halo metallicity. Recent stellar models including rotation at very low metallicity predict a strong production of primary N14. Part of the nitrogen produced in the H-burning shell diffuses by rotational mixing into the He core where it is converted to Ne22 providing additional neutrons for the s process. We present nucleosynthesis calculations for a 25 Msun star at [Fe/H] = -3, -4, where in the convective core He-burning about 0.8 % in mass is made of primary Ne22. The usual weak s-process shape is changed by the additional neutron source with a peak between Sr and Ba, where the s-process yields increase by orders of magnitude with respect to the yields obtained without rotation. Iron seeds are fully consumed and the maximum production of Sr, Y and Zr is reached. On the other hand, the s-process efficiency beyond Sr and the ratio Sr/Ba are strongly affected by the amount of Ne22 and by nuclear uncertainties, first of all by the Ne22(alpha,n)Mg25 reaction. Finally, assuming that Ne22 is primary in the considered metallicity range, the s-process efficiency decreases with metallicity due to the effect of the major neutron poisons Mg25 and Ne22. This work represents a first step towards the study of primary neutron source effect in fast rotating massive stars, and its implications are discussed in the light of spectroscopic observations of heavy elements at halo metallicity.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ Letters, 11 pages, 2 figures, 1 table
Studies in constrained variation
Creators: name: Yue, Tony Chee Ping
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Three different constraints are considered in this thesis, namely: the integral electron cusp condition as a constraint; the off-diagonal hyper-virial theorems as constraints; and perturbation-induced constraints. Eleven approximate configuration-interaction wavefunctions for the ground state of helium are used to test the application of the integral electron cusp condition as a constraint. The results indicate that, if the approximate wavefunction is flexible enough, the calculated electron density at the nucleus is improved when the cusp constraint is imposed. However, the expectation values of rˉ ¹and r ˉ² do not change significantly. Further investigation is made on the use of off-diagonal hypervirial theorems as constraints. The transition from the 1¹ S state to the 2¹ P state of helium is chosen as an example. Firstly, it is found that an energy-independent off-diagonal constraint is not useful in improving calculation of transition probabilities. Secondly, when the approximate wavefunction is flexible enough, iteration on the transition energy converges very rapidly. Finally, the study is extended to the isoelectronic species Li⁺ and Be⁺⁺. A five-term approximate configuration-interaction wavefunction for the ground state of helium is used to test the validity of the perturbation-induced constraints scheme. Different constraint operators are constructed for different properties. The properties studied are expectation values of rˉ² , rˉ¹ , r and r⁺² . Two methods of the perturbation-induced constraints are tested: in one, the first-order wavefunction is fixed and constant for all constrained properties; in the other, the first-order wavefunction varies with the constrained properties. It is disappointing to find that for this particular wavefunction chosen, both methods fail to improve the properties studied when one imposes the constraints.
La spada di Giuditta. La liberazione che viene dalle donne
Creators: name: Ciotti, Luigi
Publisher: name: Rivista di Studi e Ricerche sulla criminalità organizzata
Year: 2020

description: Il contributo riporta l’intervento tenuto da don Luigi Ciotti durante la Summer School on Organized Crime 2019 “Mafie e donne” presso l’Università degli Studi di Milano. L’autore affronta il tema del distacco delle donne dalle mafie e dell’urgenza di ascoltare il loro grido di aiuto, attraverso alcune tra le più significative testimonianze che ha incontrato nel corso della sua lunga esperienza di impegno e di lotta contro le mafie.
description: Rivista di Studi e Ricerche sulla criminalità organizzata, V. 6 N. 2 (2020): Rivista di Studi e Ricerche sulla criminalità organizzata
Ping-pong and Outer space
Creators: name: Kapovich, Ilya
name: Lustig, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20Fxx, 57Mxx

description: We prove that if $ϕ,ψ\in Out(F_N)$ are hyperbolic iwips (irreducible with irreducible powers) such that $\le Out(F_N)$ is not virtually cyclic then some high powers of $ϕ$ and $ψ$ generate a free subgroup of rank two, all of whose nontrivial elements are again hyperbolic iwips. Being a hyperbolic iwip element of $Out(F_N)$ is strongly analogous to being a pseudo-Anosov element of a mapping class group, so the above result provides analogs of "purely pseudo-Anosov" free subgroups of $Out(F_N)$.
description: revised version incorporating the referee's suggestions
title: Anaerobic Hydrogen and Methane Production from Dairy Processing Waste: Experiment and Modeling
Creators: name: Zhong, Jianming
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2016

description: Dairy processing waste (DPW) can cause many environmental problems if not treated well. Various wastewater treatment technologies have been applied to reduce the organics and inorganics in DPW. The overall objective of this research was to develop cost effective anaerobic digestion technology for hydrogen and methane production from DPW. This search included three phases of studies.
In phase 1, we investigated continuous fermentations of algae, lawn grass clippings and DPW, commingled and digested in duplicate 60 L and 3,800 L Induced Bed Reactor (IBR) anaerobic digesters at mesophilic conditions in trials that went for about two years. The goal was to commingle municipal waste in such a way that no pH control chemicals would be required. The research also yielded information about solids loading rate (SLR), efficiency of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and solids removal and biogas production. Under the conditions of the study, commingling algae or grass with DPW made it possible to avoid the addition of pH control chemicals.
In phase 2, we investigated the effects of pH, temperature, and hydraulic retention time (HRT) and organic loading rate (OLR) on hydrogen production from DPW in semicontinuous 60 L pilot IBR. Results show pH played a key role on hydrogen production and the optimal pH range was 4.8-5.5. Digestion under thermophilic temperatures (60 °C) had advantages of gaining higher hydrogen yield and suppressing the growth of methanogens. The optimal OLR was 32.9 g-COD/l-d at HRT of 3 days. Under optimal conditions, highest hydrogen yield was 160.7 ml/g-COD removed with 44.6% COD removal.
In phase 3, a mathematic model was built and implemented in R based on Anaerobic Digestion Model No. 1 (ADM1) for predicting and describing the anaerobic hydrogen production process. The modified ADM1 was then validated by comparing the predictions with observations of anaerobic hydrogen production from dairy processing waste. The model successfully predicted hydrogen production, hydrogen content, methane content, VFA concentration, and digestion system stability. This study provides a useful mathematical model to investigate anaerobic hydrogen production process and stability.
A New Class of Boron Nanotube
Creators: name: Wang, Jing
name: Liu, Ying
name: Li, You-Cheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The configurations, stability and electronic structures of a new class of boron sheet and related boron nanotubes are predicted within the framework of density functional theory. This boron sheet is sparser than those of recent proposals. Our theoretic results show that the stable boron sheet remains flat and is metallic. There are bands similar to the p-bands in graphite near the Fermi level. Stable nanotubes with various diameters and chiral vectors can be rolled from the sheet. Within our study, only the thin (8, 0) nanotube with a band gap of 0.44 eV is semiconducting, while all the other thicker boron nanotubes are metallic, independent of their chirality. It indicates the possibility, in the design of nanodevices, to control the electronic transport properties of the boron nanotube through the diameter.
title: Comparing Conventional and Noninvasive Monitoring Techniques for Assessing Cougar Population Size in the Southern Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem
Creators: name: Alexander, Peter D.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2016

description: Cougars (Puma concolor) are difficult to census due to their large home ranges, low densities, and cryptic nature. The conventional “gold-standard” method for estimating cougar abundance entails the capture and radio-tagging of individuals in a study area in an attempt to acquire a direct enumeration of animals in the population. While this method provides an accurate abundance estimate, it is logistically challenging and prohibitively expensive. Noninvasive survey techniques may offer the ability to both accurately and inexpensively monitor cougar populations. While noninvasive techniques have been used on cougar populations, there remain questions on their accuracy and comparative efficacy. We estimated the density of a cougar population in Northwest Wyoming using direct enumeration, and used this estimate as a reference with which to evaluate the accuracy and cost-effectiveness of three types of noninvasive surveys performed between 2010 and 2014. The noninvasive methods included two annual mark- recapture sessions of: 1) remote camera trapping, 2) winter hair-collection transects, and 3) scat detection dog surveys.
We GPS tracked 13 adult cougars (males = 5, females = 8) over 3 annual periods (Sep 2010 – Sep 2013). We used proportional home range overlap to determine density in a 1,570 km2 area. The average density was 0.82 cougars/100 km2 (± 0.10 SD; n = 3 years). The remote camera surveys produced a mean density of 0.60 cougars/100 km2 (n = 2 years; relative SD = 56.5%). The scat detection dog surveys produced an average density of 2.41 cougars/100 km2 (n = 2 years; relative SD = 12.6%). The winter transects failed to produce a sample size large enough for an abundance estimate. Due to the inclusion of non-adults in the scat sampling, and the fact that the reference estimate was essentially a minimum count of adults, we believe that the scat-based estimate was more accurate than the lower estimate produced by remote cameras. Additional analysis indicated that individual identification of cougars in photographs may not be reliable, challenging the validity of photo-based abundance estimates of cougars. On a cost-per-detection basis, scat detection dogs were the most cost effective method (scat detection dogs = $341; remote cameras = $3,241; winter transects = $7,627).
Minimal surfaces in AdS space and Integrable systems
Creators: name: Burrington, Benjamin A.
name: Gao, Peng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the Pohlmeyer reduction for spacelike minimal area worldsheets in AdS$_5$. The Lax pair for the reduced theory is found, and written entirely in terms of the $A_3=D_3$ root system, generalizing the $B_2$ affine Toda system which appears for the AdS$_4$ string. For the $B_2$ affine Toda system, we show that the area of the worlsheet is obtainable from the moduli space Kähler potential of a related Hitchin system. We also explore the Saveliev-Leznov construction for solutions of the $B_2$ affine Toda system, and recover the rotationally symmetric solution associated to Painleve transcendent.
description: 30 pages, JHEP style; v2, minor changes; v3, minor changes, version published in JHEP.
Simultaneous Stabilization in $A_\mathbb{R}(\mathbb{D})$
Creators: name: Mortini, Raymond
name: Wick, Brett D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46E25; 46J15

description: In this note we study the problem of simultaneous stabilization for the algebra $A_\R(\D)$. Invertible pairs $(f_j,g_j)$, $j=1,..., n$, in a commutative unital algebra are called \textit{simultaneously stabilizable} if there exists a pair $(α,β)$ of elements such that $αf_j+βg_j$ is invertible in this algebra for $j=1,..., n$. For $n=2$, the simultaneous stabilization problem admits a positive solution for any data if and only if the Bass stable rank of the algebra is one. Since $A_\R(\D)$ has stable rank two, we are faced here with a different situation. When $n=2$, necessary and sufficient conditions are given so that we have simultaneous stability in $A_\R(\D)$. For $n\geq 3$ we show that under these conditions simultaneous stabilization is not possible and further connect this result to the question of which pairs $(f,g)$ in $A_\R(\D)^2$ are totally reducible; that is, for which pairs do there exist two units $u$ and $v$ in $A_\R(\D)$ such that $uf+vg=1$.
description: 12 pages, to appear in Studia Math
title: Development of a Three-Dimensional High-Order Strand-Grids Approach
Creators: name: Tong, Oisin
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2016

description: Development of a novel high-order flux correction method on strand grids is presented. The method uses a combination of flux correction in the unstructured plane and summation-by-parts operators in the strand direction to achieve high-fidelity solutions. Low-order truncation errors are cancelled with accurate flux and solution gradients in the flux correction method, thereby achieving a formal order of accuracy of 3, although higher orders are often obtained, especially for highly viscous flows.
In this work, the scheme is extended to high-Reynolds number computations in both two and three dimensions. Turbulence closure is achieved with a robust version of the Spalart-Allmaras turbulence model that accommodates negative values of the turbulence working variable, and the Menter SST turbulence model, which blends the k-ε and k-ω turbulence models for better accuracy. A major advantage of this high-order formulation is the ability to implement traditional finite volume-like limiters to cleanly capture shocked and discontinuous flow. In this work, this approach is explored via a symmetric limited positive (SLIP) limiter.
Extensive verification and validation is conducted in two and three dimensions to determine the accuracy and fidelity of the scheme for a number of different cases. Verification studies show that the scheme achieves better than third order accuracy for low and high-Reynolds number flow. Cost studies show that in three-dimensions, the third-order flux correction scheme requires only 30% more walltime than a traditional second-order scheme on strand grids to achieve the same level of convergence.
In order to overcome meshing issues at sharp corners and other small-scale features, a unique approach to traditional geometry, coined "asymptotic geometry," is explored. Asymptotic geometry is achieved by filtering out small-scale features in a level set domain through min/max flow. This approach is combined with a curvature based strand shortening strategy in order to qualitatively improve strand grid mesh quality.
title: A Study of the Pedagogical and Structural Elements Being Incorporated into the Design of Hybrid Courses for Higher Education
Creators: name: Baird, Deborah Kezerian
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2016

description: This descriptive study sought to understand the instructional potential of a new course design for teaching adults in higher education. Increasingly referred to as a hybrid course format, it entails dividing a course into both online and face-to-face sessions that are separately calendared. A primary focus of the study was to identify teaching principles that are recommended by established adult education models and to describe how they have been incorporated by hybrid course designers. Also studied was how combining the online and face-to-face instructional modes provides structural opportunities for improving communication and teacher/learner dynamics.
The adult education models analyzed were the andragogy model, the self-directed learning model, the transformative learning model, and the experiential learning model. The structural opportunities investigated included content delivery choices such as the use of lecture- and learner-centered activities and the best practices recommendations previously published for hybrid instruction. An online survey was administered to 267 hybrid course instructors at Utah Valley University, where 20,667 students have participated in a hybrid course. This university was actively engaged in developing the hybrid course design into a quality instructional option. The online survey provided descriptive data about how hybrid course instructors at the university perceive their understanding and use of adult education theories and how they utilize the online and face-to-face modes.
Fermat hypersurfaces and Subcanonical curves
Creators: name: De Poi, Pietro
name: Zucconi, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14H51 (Primary), 13H10, 14M05, 14N05 (Secondary)

description: We extend the classical Enriques-Petri Theorem to $s$-subcanonical projectively normal curves, proving that such a curve is $(s+2)$-gonal if and only if it is contained in a surface of minimal degree. Moreover, we show that any Fermat hypersurface of degree $s+2$ is apolar to an $s$-subcanonical $(s+2)$-gonal projectively normal curve, and vice versa.
description: 18 pages; AMS-LaTeX
title: The Drainage Problem in the Draper Area, Utah
Creators: name: Van Orman, Stanley H.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1948

description: As a rule, in the practice of irrigation, more water is delivered to a project than is used by the plants, evaporated, or removed by natural drainage. It is now generally accepted that, in the West, irrigation and drainage are necessary complementary practices. With comparatively good irrigation practice the efficiency is about 34 percent; that is, approximately one-third or the water is actually used by the crops. With rather poor irrigation practice the efficiency may drop as low as 12 percent.
title: The Relative Efficiency of Artificially Stack-Dried Alfalfa Hay Versus Field-Cured Alfalfa Hay in Promoting Growth of Dairy Heifers at Huntley, Montana
Creators: name: Stocking, John A.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1951

description: Roughage is the cheapest source of nutrients for herbivorous animals, and alfalfa is the best of the roughages because animals consuming alfalfa as a major part of their diet have an adequate supply of protein energy, and a considerable proportion of needed vitamins.
The reactivity and catalytic activity of copper chlorides
Creators: name: Ng, Ching Fai
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The reactivity of copper chloride (CuC1[subscript x], 1 < x < 2) towards chlorine and its catalytic activity in the chlorination of propane have been studied. The oxidation of copper (I) chloride by chlorine was found to be diffusion controlled after the first 25% of reaction. For the chlorination of propane, CuC1 was catalytically inactive, CuC1₂ was active, but the maximum activity was found in the range CuC1₁․₅ to CuC1₁․₈ with two peaks at roughly CuC1₁․₅₇ and CuC1₁․₇₈. Both reactions appear to have an active centre in common — a Cu⁺ ion which is capable of accepting a proton. The phase of maximum catalytic activity is a highly defective CuC1₂ phase containing such centres. The mechanism for the catalytic chlorination involves the homolytic splitting of C₃H₈ and stabilization of surface radicals through proton transfer into the bulk. No compound other than CuC1 and CuC1₂ was found in the CuC1x system by X-ray powder studies. However, the results of X-ray powder, electrical conductivity and magnetic susceptibility studies provide convincing evidence for the existence of a defective CuC1₂ phase with interstitial cations as well as a cation-deficient CuC1 phase in CuC1x. Furthermore, these results are consistent with a structural change at x ∼1.63 as suggested also by the kinetic studies. While the present work shows many interesting features of the CuC1x system, there is plenty of room for further exploration in this hitherto virtually unknown field. Suggestions for future work related to the present findings are outlined in this thesis.
title: Evaluating the Design and Operation of Irrigation Canals in Egypt
Creators: name: Kayal, Amany El
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1983

description: A computer simulation model for temperature data was developed in order to generate synthetic daily temperature. The model consists of two components: a deterministic component represented by a Fourier series fit, and a stochastic component represented by an autoregressive model . The simulation model was proven to be able to preserve the main statistics of the historical series.
The data generated by the above temperature model were used as an input to an irrigation water requirements simulation model. This model incorporates the probabilistic nature of these requirements. The irrigation system of Abo Raya area in Egypt was used to demonstrate the model application. The main components of the model are evapotranspiration, crop water requirements, stream size and its theoretical probability distribution.
The evapotranspiration component of the model estimates the reference evapotranspiration for the irrigated area using Hargreaves method. By applying FAO crop coefficients, the crop water requirements -
title: A Study of Women's Participation and the Administration of Intramural Sports in the Junior Colleges of Utah
Creators: name: Fuller, Pauline
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1953

description: The movement for intramural sports has developed and expanded greatly in the past two decades. Much of this growth has been attained by hard and patient work through many years. The pioneer work now accomplished, intramural directors must still assume the responsibility of keeping their progress abreast of the times.
title: Cost of Producing Broilers in Utah, 1951-1952
Creators: name: Gunn, Thomas I.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1953

description: Broiler production in the United States and in Utah has become increasingly important in the last few years. It has developed from virtual nonexistence in 1930 to the point where it now produces more than half of the total chicken meat production. Growth has been especially rapid since 1934, when separate statistics on broiler production became available. In 1951, production was about 6 times that of 1940 and for the first time the number of broilers raised exceeded the number of chickens raised from farm production.
title: Socio-Economic Factors Influencing the Intent of Rural Youths to Migrate from Emery, San Juan, Kane, and Piute Counties of Utah
Creators: name: Habbab, Abdul Ghani Joseph
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1953

description: Rural communities in Utah continue to lose large numbers of their population. Counties with the highest birth rate are, in the main, those which have decreased most or remained relatively stationary in recent years. Rural migration presents a problem to the communities involved and to the individuals who move.
title: A Study of the In-Service Growth Program for Ogden City Teachers
Creators: name: Kelley, D. M.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1953

description: In-service growth has been defined as: “The growth which takes place after the teacher is on the job.” It is the continuation of the professional development which began during the preservice period of preparation. In-service education is a process inherent in any planned program designed to make the individual a more effective teacher. This type of education is generally considered by school administrators' as an integral part of any school program.
Heat capacity at the glass transition
Creators: name: Trachenko, Kostya
name: Brazhkin, Vadim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A fundamental problem of glass transition is to explain the jump of heat capacity at the glass transition temperature $T_g$ without asserting the existence of a distinct solid glass phase. This problem is also common to other disordered systems, including spin glasses. We propose that if $T_g$ is defined as the temperature at which the liquid stops relaxing at the experimental time scale, the jump of heat capacity at $T_g$ follows as a necessary consequence due to the change of system's elastic, vibrational and thermal properties. In this picture, we discuss time-dependent effects of glass transition, and identify three distinct regimes of relaxation. Our approach explains widely observed logarithmic increase of $T_g$ with the quench rate and the correlation of heat capacity jump with liquid fragility.
The weak theory of monads
Creators: name: Böhm, Gabriella
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We construct a `weak' version EM^w(K) of Lack & Street's 2-category of monads in a 2-category K, by replacing their compatibility constraint of 1-cells with the units of monads by an additional condition on the 2-cells. A relation between monads in EM^w(K) and composite pre-monads in K is discussed. If K admits Eilenberg-Moore constructions for monads, we define two symmetrical notions of `weak liftings' for monads in K. If moreover idempotent 2-cells in K split, we describe both kinds of a weak lifting via an appropriate pseudo-functor EM^w(K) --> K. Weak entwining structures and partial entwining structures are shown to realize weak liftings of a comonad for a monad in these respective senses. Weak bialgebras are characterized as algebras and coalgebras, such that the corresponding monads weakly lift for the corresponding comonads and also the comonads weakly lift for the monads.
description: 30 pages
title: A Public Opinion Survey of Ogden City Schools
Creators: name: Taylor, Nolan R.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1953

description: Free men cannot be taught properly by slaves; courageous citizens cannot be properly educated by scared hired men.
In Ogden, Utah, education is big business. With capital assets of approximately $8,000,000, a current budget of $3,065,000, a staff of 570 full-time employees, and an enrollment of 12,650 students, education ranks high insofar as its effects are felt by the citizenry of the community.
Renormalization group, dimer-dimer scattering, and three-body forces
Creators: name: Krippa, Boris
name: Walet, Niels R.
name: Birse, Michael C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the ratio between the fermion-fermion scattering length and the dimer-dimer scattering length for systems of nonrelativistic fermions, using the same functional renormalisation technique as previously applied to fermionic matter. We find a strong dependence on the cutoff function used in the renormalisation flow for a two-body truncation of the action. Adding a simple three-body term substantially reduces this dependence.
description: 5 pages, 2 pictures
A hybrid deep learning-improved BAT optimization algorithm for soil classification using remote sensing hyperspectral features
Creators: name: Roy, Ujjal
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 79901 Agricultural Hydrology (Drainage, Flooding, Irrigation, Quality, etc.)
subject: FOS: Other agricultural sciences
subject: 70101 Agricultural Land Management

description: A hybrid deep learning-improved BAT optimization algorithm for soil classification using remote sensing hyperspectral featuresA hybrid deep learning-improved BAT optimization algorithm for soil classification using remote sensing hyperspectral featuresA hybrid deep learning-improved BAT optimization algorithm for soil classification using remote sensing hyperspectral featuresA hybrid deep learning-improved BAT optimization algorithm for soil classification using remote sensing hyperspectral features
Does Carrying a Rider Change Motor and Sensory Laterality in Horses?
Creators: name: Schwarz, Sophie
name: Marr, Isabell
name: Farmer, Kate
name: Graf, Katja
name: Stefanski, Volker
name: Krueger, Konstanze
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: laterality; horse; rider; sensory laterality; motor laterality; novel object; side preference
subject: 590 Tiere (Zoologie)

description: Laterality in horses has been studied in recent decades. Although most horses are kept for riding purposes, there has been almost no research on how laterality may be affected by carrying a rider. In this study, 23 horses were tested for lateral preferences, both with and without a rider, in three different experiments. The rider gave minimal aids and rode on a long rein to allow the horse free choice. Firstly, motor laterality was assessed by observing forelimb preference when stepping over a pole. Secondly, sensory laterality was assessed by observing perceptual side preferences when the horse was confronted with (a) an unfamiliar person or (b) a novel object. After applying a generalised linear model, this preliminary study found that a rider increased the strength of motor laterality (p = 0.01) but did not affect sensory laterality (p = 0.8). This suggests that carrying a rider who is as passive as possible does not have an adverse effect on a horse’s stress levels and mental state.
Divisors of shifted primes
Creators: name: Koukoulopoulos, Dimitris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11N25, 11N13

description: We bound from below the number of shifted primes p+s
description: 33 pages. To appear in Int. Math. Res. Not. IMRN. Fixed a small mistake in the proof of Lemma 2.5 and made stylistic changes
title: Personnel Practices Governing the Selection and Appointment of Elementary Teachers in Utah
Creators: name: Tittensor, Jack Russell
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1953

description: In America the men of influence who have provided leadership to our country have always been concerned. with the schooling of the nation's children because they have recognized education of the people to be a vital means of preserving and improving our democratic way of life. Our country’s educators, in meeting their great responsibility, in turn have long been concerned with the improvement of educational methods and with the quality of teaching that is provided to these children.
Real Time Electron Tunneling and Pulse Spectroscopy in Carbon Nanotube Quantum Dots
Creators: name: Gotz, G.
name: Steele, G. A.
name: Vos, W.
name: Kouwenhoven, L. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate a Quantum Dot (QD) in a Carbon Nanotube (CNT) in the regime where the QD is nearly isolated from the leads. An aluminum single electron transistor (SET) serves as a charge detector for the QD. We precisely measure and tune the tunnel rates into the QD in the range between 1 kHz and 1 Hz, using both pulse spectroscopy and real - time charge detection and measure the excitation spectrum of the isolated QD.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures