cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Effect of youth Centers on Reduction of Risky Sexual Behaviors among Youth in Addis Ababa, 2016
Creators: name: Fetene, Nigusie
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2016

description: Introduction: Risky sexual behaviors negatively affect the health of adolescents and young adults putting them at high risk of sexually transmitted infections and unwanted pregnancy for females, which may cause serious health consequences, social and economic problems. In addition, unwanted pregnancies may lead to school dropout and end up with unsafe abortion. No attempt was done to assess the effect of youth centers in reduction of risky sexual behaviors. Therefore, this study was designed to assess the difference in engagement of risky sexual behaviors between users and non-users of youth centers among youth in Addis Ababa. METHODS: A comparative cross-sectional study design was employed among 524 youth in Addis Ababa from September, 2015 to June, 2016. Multi-stage sampling was used to select youths from randomly selected sub cities. The data was cleaned, entered and analyzed through EPI-INFO 7 and SPSS version 16.0. First distribution of variables was presented by using tables and descriptive statistics to calculate some statistical datas and then logstic regressin model were used to measure magnitude of risky sexual behaviors among users and non-users. Results: Nearly half 254 (48%) of the respondents ever had sexual intercourse. The mean age of first sexual initiation was 18.56 (±3.019) years and about 37% of those who ever had sexual intercourse started it before the age of 18 years. Among those who ever had sex 47% of them never used condom. The over all prevalence of risky sexual behavior was 43.1% and the prevalence of risky sexual behavior among users and non-users were 38.5% and 47.7% respectively (P-value = 0.042). Utilization sataus of the youth center and age of the respondents were significantly associated with risky sexual behavior. Non-users of the youth center RH clinic were 1.570 times more likely to engage in risky sexual behavior compared to users of the youth center (AOR= 1.570; 95%CI = 1.056, 2.333). Youth aged 15-19 years were 92.1% less likely to practice risky sexual behavior compared to youth aged 25-29 years old (AOR = 0.079; 95%CI = 0.041, 0.376). Conclusion: A significant number of youths had risky sexual behavior that might lead them to different reproductive health risks. Non-users of the youth center were at a significantly higher risk of sexual behaviors than users. Keywords: Youth, Risky sexual behavior, Youth center, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Spin dynamics in Kapitza-Dirac scattering of electrons from bichromatic laser fields
Creators: name: Dellweg, Matthias M.
name: Awwad, Hani M.
name: Müller, Carsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Kapitza-Dirac scattering of nonrelativistic electrons from counterpropagating bichromatic laser waves of linear polarization is studied. The focus lies on the electronic spin dynamics in the Bragg regime when the laser fields possess a frequency ratio of two. To this end, the time-dependent Pauli equation is solved numerically, both in coordinate space and momentum space. Our numerical results are corroborated by analytical derivations. We demonstrate that, for certain incident electron momenta, the scattering crucially relies on the electron spin which undergoes characteristic Rabi-like oscillations. A parameter regime is identified where the Rabi oscillations reach maximum amplitude. We also briefly discuss spin-dependent Kapitza-Dirac scattering of protons.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures; accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. A (2016)
Investigating Incidence and Association between Poverty and Maternal Common Mental Disorders, In a Populationbased Cohort of Pregnant Women, Cmamie Study, Butajira, Ethiopia: Retrospective Cohort Study
Creators: name: Sibhatu, Yosef
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2014

description: Background Maternal Common Mental Disorders (CMD), including depression and anxiety, are recogniz ed to have important public health consequences in lowand middleincome countries (LMICs). In Ethiopia, maternal CMDs have been associated with increased infant diarrhea, impaired child development and increased child mortality. Crosssectional studies show associations between poverty and maternal CMD in LMICs, but the temporal relationship is unclear. Objectives: the aim of this study was to investigate the association between poverty and maternal CMD, to assess incidence of poverty and maternal CMD. Methods: a retrospective cohort study design was conducted. The CMaMiE study recruited pregnant women (aged 15 – 49 years). CMD has been measured using WHO's SelfReporting Q uestionnaire. Poverty was constructed using Mokken scaling procedure during pregnancy and having two or more subjective poverty report at the follow up time. Poisson and binary logistic regression analyses were performed. Results: Incidence rates of poverty and CMD were 7 3 .3 9 (9 5 % CI: 5 1 .9 0 1 0 3 .7 9 ) and 3 5 .3 8 (9 5 % CI: 2 9 .1 1 4 2 .9 9 ) per 1 0 0 0 personyears of observation respectively. However, this was not statistically significant. This study revealed that there was no statistically significant (OR: 1.15, 95% CI: 0.68 – 1.95) effect of maternal CMD upon poverty but it was found effect of poverty upon CMD (OR: 1.53, 95%CI: 1.02 – 2.31) . Husbands' primary education school (OR: 0.64, 95% CI: 0.44 0.94) and seconda ry and above (OR: 0.31 95% CI: 0.15 0.64) and poor social support (OR: 1.70, 95% CI: 1.06 2.75 ) were predicators of poverty. Polygamous marriage (OR: 0 .5 4 , 9 5 % CI: 0 .3 2 – 0 .9 2 ), age group of 2 4 – 3 4 years (OR: 1 .6 9 , 9 5 % CI: 1 .1 1 – 2 .5 7 ), and maternal health problem (OR: 2 .1 6 , 9 5 % CI: 1 .4 0 – 3 .3 3 ) were predicators of CMD. Conclusion and Recommendations: there was no significant effect of CMD upon poverty. On the other way round, there was statistically significant effect of poverty on CMD. Husbands' educational level and poor social support were predicators of poverty. Polygamous marriage, age and physicalill health were predicators of CMD. The relationship among maternal mental health, physicalill health and poverty could be addressed, this linkage should be brought to the attention of policy makers in the rural settings and further research is required to investigate maternal CMD leads to poverty causality using standardiz ed and valid poverty measure
The composite fermion theory revisited: a microscopic derivation without Landau level projection
Creators: name: Yang, Bo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The composite fermion (CF) theory gives both a phenomenological description for many fractional quantum Hall (FQH) states, as well as a microscopic construction for large scale numerical calculation of these topological phases. The fundamental postulate of mapping FQH states of electrons to integer quantum Hall (IQH) states of CFs, however, was not formally established. The Landau level (LL) projection needed for the microscopic calculations is in some sense uncontrolled and unpredictable. We rigorously derive the unitary relationship between electrons and the CFs, showing the latter naturally emerge from special interactions within a single LL, without resorting to any projection by hand. In this framework, all FQH states topologically equivalent to those described by the conventional CF theory (e.g. the Jain series) have exact model Hamiltonians that can be explicitly derived, and we can easily generalise to FQH states from interacting CFs. Our derivations reveal fundamental connections between the CF theory and the pseudopotential/Jack polynomial constructions, and argue that all Abelian CF states are physically equivalent to the IQH states, while a plethora of non-Abelian CF states can be systematically constructed and classified. We also discuss about implications to experiments and effective field theory descriptions based on the descriptions with CFs as elementary particles.
description: 20 pages, 6 figures, comments very welcome
Supersolid phases of dipolar fermions in a two-dimensional-lattice bilayer array
Creators: name: Camacho-Guardian, A.
name: Paredes, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Supersolid phases as a result of a coexistence of superfluid and density ordered checkerboard phases are predicted to appear in ultracold Fermi molecules confined in a bilayer array of two-dimensional square optical lattices. We demonstrate the existence of these phases within the inhomogeneous mean-field approach. In particular, we show that tuning the interlayer separation distance at a fixed value of the chemical potential produces different fractions of superfluid, density ordered, and supersolid phases.
description: 8 pages, 9 figures
On L- and M- spaces and related topics .
Creators: name: Wirth, Eve Andrea.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Entanglement entropy and non-local duality: quantum channels and quantum algebras
Creators: name: DeWolfe, Oliver
name: Higginbotham, Kenneth
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the transformation of entanglement entropy under dualities, using the Kramers-Wannier duality present in the transverse field Ising model as our example. Entanglement entropy between local spin degrees of freedom is not generically preserved by the duality; instead, entangled states may be mapped to states with no local entanglement. To understand the fate of this entanglement, we consider two quantitative descriptions of degrees of freedom and their transformation under duality. The first involves Kraus operators implementing the partial trace as a quantum channel, while the second utilizes the algebraic approach to quantum mechanics, where degrees of freedom are encoded in subalgebras. Using both approaches, we show that entanglement of local degrees of freedom is not lost; instead it is transferred to non-local degrees of freedom by the duality transformation.
description: 33 pages, 2 figures. v2: Improved discussion of subalgebras. v3: Version submitted to Annals of Physics
Hot cracking tendency of flux-cored arc welding with flux-cored wires of types Ni 6625
Creators: name: Burger, Stefan
name: Zinke, Manuela
name: Jüttner, Sven
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Hot crack
subject: Nickel alloys
subject: Flux-cored wires
subject: Weldability tests
subject: 621.8

description: Due to their mechanical and corrosive properties, nickel-based alloys are very important in several industrial sectors like power stations, chemical apparatus, and the oil industry. While flux-cored arc welding (FCAW) of carbon steels often uses flux-cored wires (FCW), the use of Ni-based flux-cored wires is industrially less common. The reasons for this include the lower degree of recognition and the higher material costs compared to solid wires. In comparison to solid wires, flux-cored wires have some technological benefits such as the possibility of welding without pulsed arc technology using low-cost standard mixed gases, which has a much lower tendency to weld defects due to high penetration depth. Depending on the slag, the flux-coredwires have a good weldability and excellent mechanical properties. Based on the self-stressed and externally stressed hot crack tests, the basic FCW showed a higher hot cracking susceptibility, contrary to the original assumption. Even if the causes have not yet been finally clarified, a negative influence of the comparatively high sulfur and oxygen contents in the basic FCW is suspected. The weld metal of the solid wires showed the highest hot crack resistance.
title: Parasitic Angiosperms as medicinal plants
Creators: name: Hammer, Karl
name: Hammer-Spahillari, Merita
Publisher: name: Julius Kühn-Institut
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: parasite
subject: angyosperms
subject: medicinal plants
subject: cultivation
subject: domestication

description: Julius-Kühn-Archiv 453
Features of the gamma-ray pulsar halo HESS J1831$-$098
Creators: name: Fang, Kun
name: Xi, Shao-Qiang
name: Bao, Li-Zhuo
name: Bi, Xiao-Jun
name: Chen, En-Sheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gamma-ray pulsar halos are ideal indicators of cosmic-ray propagation in localized regions of the Galaxy and electron injection from pulsar wind nebulae. HESS~J1831$-$098 is a candidate pulsar halo observed by both H.E.S.S. and HAWC experiments. We adopt the flux map of the H.E.S.S. Galactic plane survey and the spectrum measurements of H.E.S.S. and \textit{Fermi}-LAT to study HESS~J1831$-$098. We find that HESS~J1831$-$098 meets all the criteria for a pulsar halo. The diffusion coefficient inside the halo and the conversion efficiency from the pulsar spin-down energy to the electron energy are both similar to the Geminga halo, a canonical pulsar halo. The injection spectrum can be well described by an exponentially-cutoff power law. However, the needed power-law term is very hard with $p\lesssim1$ if the diffusion coefficient is spatially and temporally independent. Considering the possible origins of the slow-diffusion environment, we adopt the two-zone diffusion model and the time-delayed slow-diffusion model. Both the models can interpret the H.E.S.S. and \textit{Fermi}-LAT results with a milder $p$. A modified injection time profile may have a similar effect.
description: 15 pages (one column), 4 figures, 1 table
Pruning to Increase Taylor Dispersion in Physarum polycephalum Networks
Creators: name: Marbach, Sophie
name: Alim, Karen
name: Andrew, Natalie
name: Pringle, Anne
name: Brenner, Michael P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Tissues and Organs (q-bio.TO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: How do the topology and geometry of a tubular network affect the spread of particles within fluid flows? We investigate patterns of effective dispersion in the hierarchical, biological transport network formed by Physarum polycephalum. We demonstrate that a change in topology - pruning in the foraging state - causes a large increase in effective dispersion throughout the network. By comparison, changes in the hierarchy of tube radii result in smaller and more localized differences. Pruned networks capitalize on Taylor dispersion to increase the dispersion capability.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, 11 pages supplemental material
Heat transport in an optical lattice via Markovian feedback control
Creators: name: Wu, Ling-Na
name: Eckardt, André
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ultracold atoms offer a unique opportunity to study many-body physics in a clean and well-controlled environment. However, the isolated nature of quantum gases makes it difficult to study transport properties of the system, which are among the key observables in condensed matter physics. In this work, we employ Markovian feedback control to synthesize two effective thermal baths that couple to the boundaries of a one-dimensional Bose-Hubbard chain. This allows for the realization of a heat-current-carrying state. We investigate the steady-state heat current, including its scaling with system size and its response to disorder. In order to study large systems, we use semi-classical Monte-Carlo simulation and kinetic theory. The numerical results from both approaches show, as expected, that for non- and weakly interacting systems with and without disorder one finds the same scaling of the heat current with respect to the system size as it is found for systems coupled to thermal baths. Finally, we propose and test a scheme for measuring the energy flow. Thus, we provide a route for the quantum simulation of heat-current-carrying steady states of matter in atomic quantum gases.
Temperature-tunable Fano resonance induced by strong coupling between Weyl fermions and phonons in TaAs
Creators: name: Xu, B.
name: Dai, Y. M.
name: Zhao, L. X.
name: Wang, K.
name: Yang, R.
name: Zhang, W.
name: Liu, J. Y.
name: Xiao, H.
name: Chen, G. F.
name: Trugman, S. A.
name: Zhu, J. -X.
name: Taylor, A. J.
name: Yarotski, D. A.
name: Prasankumar, R. P.
name: Qiu, X. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Strong coupling between discrete phonon and continuous electron-hole pair excitations can give rise to a pronounced asymmetry in the phonon line shape, known as the Fano resonance. This effect has been observed in a variety of systems, such as stripe-phase nickelates, graphene and high-$T_{c}$ superconductors. Here, we reveal explicit evidence for strong coupling between an infrared-active $A_1$ phonon and electronic transitions near the Weyl points (Weyl fermions) through the observation of a Fano resonance in the recently discovered Weyl semimetal TaAs. The resultant asymmetry in the phonon line shape, conspicuous at low temperatures, diminishes continuously as the temperature increases. This anomalous behavior originates from the suppression of the electronic transitions near the Weyl points due to the decreasing occupation of electronic states below the Fermi level ($E_{F}$) with increasing temperature, as well as Pauli blocking caused by thermally excited electrons above $E_{F}$. Our findings not only elucidate the underlying mechanism governing the tunable Fano resonance, but also open a new route for exploring exotic physical phenomena through the properties of phonons in Weyl semimetals.
description: 16 pages, 3 figures
"… ich würde keinen Teufel schonen, möcht' er laborieren oder kollaborieren" – Jean Paul's Letters as Data for Various Research Domains in the Context of the National Research Data Infrastructure Text+
Creators: name: Neuber, Frederike
name: Hug, Marius
name: Wiegand, Frank
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Digital Humanities
DH2023
Text+
NFDI
BBAW
Jean Paul
DWDS
Wortgeschichte digital
DiaCollo
TEI
Letters
Digital Edition

description: Digital editions, text collections, and lexical resources each have their own tradition in the (digital) humanities and at the same time, the data domains also share common methods and practices of indexing, modeling, and analysis. The Text+ consortium in the German National Research Data Infrastructure (NFDI) is dedicated to the handling of research data in the three aforementioned research domains and is exploring methods and practices of cross-domain use of datasets and the resulting collaboration between research fields. The poster shows the connections between the three data domains in Text+ using a concrete example: the edition of letters by the German writer Jean Paul (Jean Paul Friedrich Richter, 1763–1825) of the Berlin-Brandenburg Academy of Sciences and Humanities (BBAW). The poster was accepted and presented at the DH2023 conference in Graz.
The two-photon decay of X(6900) from light-by-light scattering at the LHC
Creators: name: Biloshytskyi, Volodymyr
name: Pascalutsa, Vladimir
name: Harland-Lang, Lucian
name: Malaescu, Bogdan
name: Schmieden, Kristof
name: Schott, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The LHCb Collaboration has recently discovered a structure around 6.9 GeV in the double-$J/ψ$ mass distribution, possibly a first fully-charmed tetraquark state $X(6900)$. Based on vector-meson dominance (VMD) such a state should have a significant branching ratio for decaying into two photons. We show that the recorded LHC data for the light-by-light scattering may indeed accommodate for such a state, with a $γγ$ branching ratio of order of $10^{-4}$, which is larger even than the value inferred by the VMD. The spin-parity assignment $0^{-+}$ is in better agreement with the VMD prediction than $0^{++}$, albeit not significantly at the current precision. Further light-by-light scattering data in this region, clarifying the nature of this state, should be obtained in the Run 3 and probably in the high-luminosity phase of the LHC (Run 4 etc.).
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Near-critical spreading of droplets
Creators: name: Saiseau, Raphael
name: Pedersen, Christian
name: Benjana, Anwar
name: Carlson, Andreas
name: Delabre, Ulysse
name: Salez, Thomas
name: Delville, Jean-Pierre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the spreading of droplets in a near-critical phase-separated liquid mixture, using a combination of experiments, lubrication theory and finite-element numerical simulations. The classical Tanner's law describing the spreading of viscous droplets is robustly verified when the critical temperature is neared. Furthermore, the microscopic cut-off length scale emerging in this law is obtained as a single free parameter for each given temperature. In total-wetting conditions, this length is interpreted as the thickness of the thin precursor film present ahead of the apparent contact line. The collapse of the different evolutions onto a single Tanner-like master curve demonstrates the universality of viscous spreading before entering in the fluctuation-dominated regime. Finally, our results reveal a counter-intuitive and sharp thinning of the precursor film when approaching the critical temperature, which is attributed to the vanishing spreading parameter at the critical point.
Model reduction of cavity nonlinear optics for photonic logic: A quasi-principal components approach
Creators: name: Shi, Zhan
name: Nurdin, Hendra I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Kerr nonlinear cavities displaying optical thresholding have been proposed for the realization of ultra-low power photonic logic gates. In the ultra-low photon number regime, corresponding to energy levels in the attojoule scale, quantum input-output models become important to study the effect of unavoidable quantum fluctuations on the performance of such logic gates. However, being a quantum anharmonic oscillator, a Kerr-cavity has an infinite dimensional Hilbert space spanned by the Fock states of the oscillator. This poses a challenge to simulate and analyze photonic logic gates and circuits composed of multiple Kerr nonlinearities. For simulation, the Hilbert of the oscillator is typically truncated to the span of only a finite number of Fock states. This paper develops a quasi-principal components approach to identify important subspaces of a Kerr-cavity Hilbert space and exploits it to construct an approximate reduced model of the Kerr-cavity on a smaller Hilbert space. Using this approach, we find a reduced dimension model with a Hilbert space dimension of 15 that can closely match the magnitudes of the mean transmitted and reflected output fields of a conventional truncated Fock state model of dimension 75, when driven by an input coherent field that switches between two levels. For the same input, the reduced model also closely matches the magnitudes of the mean output fields of Kerr-cavity-based AND and NOT gates and a NAND latch obtained from simulation of the full 75 dimension model.
description: 33 pages (with 17 pages of appendices), 5 figures. Closer to published version. Published in Journal of Physics D
Community renewable energy groups in Australia and the relationship between individual and collective pro-environmental behaviour
Creators: name: Humphreys, Anisha
Publisher: name: Macquarie University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Other education not elsewhere classified

description: Pro-environmental behaviour, defined as a conscious attempt to minimise the negative impact of actions on the natural and built environment, has traditionally been framed in terms of individual action. Whilst such individual behaviour is important, collective efforts are also essential to scale up the impact of environmental actions and mitigate environmental problems such as climate change. In this context, community renewable energy projects offer an important arena for understanding both individual and collective behaviour. While much is understood about types of individual and collective pro-environmental behaviour, less research has been undertaken on the relationship between such forms of behaviour, particularly in the context of community energy groups. In addition, while the literature on community renewable energy groups has burgeoned, this remains dominated by case studies from Europe with limited examples highlighting the Australian context. This study aims to investigate the relationship between individual and collective pro-environmental behaviour of people involved in community renewable energy groups in Australia. The project draws on semi-structured interviews and group discussions with members of three case study community renewable energy groups in regional Victoria, Australia. Data is analysed using a framework for understanding pro-environmental behaviour developed by Barr and Gilg (2007) that explores how values, behavioural intentions, psychological variables, and situational variables influence behaviour. The findings highlight that the relationship between individual and collective behaviour is complex. Situational variables are primarily experienced individually but shape involvement in groups while psychological variables are manifest primarily in forms of collective behaviour because of the efficacy of groups. Overall in regards to community renewable energy groups in Australia, the research highlights that collective behaviour provides an important means of overcoming some barriers experienced by groups but more work is needed to understand how behaviour can shape future engagement.
Ethiopia Field Epidemiology Training Program (EFELP) Compiled Body of Works in Field Epidemiology
Creators: name: Astatke, Zemedkn
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2016

description: Abstract Introduction Measles is an acute highly contagious viral disease. The sign and symptom of the disease includes Fever with maculo popular rash, one of the conjunctivitis, coryza (runny nose), and cough. Especially it is highly communicable during the first 8 days which is 4 days before rash and 4 days after rash. It affects mostly children and all people is susceptible unless develop immunity the virus is transmitted via droplets from the nose, mouth or throat of infected persons through coughing, sneezing or close personal contact or direct contact with infected secretions. Measles is a leading vaccine preventable contagious infectious disease caused by a paramyxovirus of the genus Morbilli. Methods By WHO standard case definition defined a confirmed Measles case as an illness characterized by acute onset of generalized maculopapular rash, fever, arthralgia, lymphadenopathy, conjunctivitis including Lab result update serum test result 2015 for Measles immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibody in the blood specimen already collected from cases (7) samples for laboratory confirmation. We conducted un-matched case control study to identify possible risk factors and mode of transmission. Result A total of 171 (95 %) of mother, 7 (3.9 %) father and 2 (1.1) controls introduced to interview the data interred and analyzed by excel sheet and eip-info 7 .A total of 5 blood samples were taken to lab exam 3 case are IGM positive which indicates there in confirmed measles epidemic in the woreda. Conclusion Lack of accessibility to routine vaccination and loss potency of vaccination cold chain contributes the more for epidemic and unvaccinated children accumulate in the area throughout many yeas leads to lack of heard immunity. Key Words Measles, measles outbreak "HABAFATU"
How efficiently can one untangle a double-twist? Waving is believing!
Creators: name: Pengelley, David
name: Ramras, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57S05 (Primary), 57S15, 57M99, 55P99, 55Q99 (Secondary)

description: It has long been known to mathematicians and physicists that while a full rotation in three-dimensional Euclidean space causes tangling, two rotations can be untangled. Formally, an untangling is a based nullhomotopy of the double-twist loop in the special orthogonal group of rotations. We study a particularly simple, geometrically defined untangling procedure, leading to new conclusions regarding the minimum possible complexity of untanglings. We animate and analyze how our untangling operates on frames in 3-space, and teach readers in a video how to wave the nullhomotopy with their hands.
description: To appear in The Mathematical Intelligencer. For supplemental videos, see http://www.math.iupui.edu/~dramras/double-tip.html , or https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLAfnEXvHU52ldJaOye-8kZV_C1CjxGx2C . For a supplemental virtual reality experience, see http://meglab.wikidot.com/visualization
Statistical analysis of Markov dependent time series
Creators: name: Than-Toe.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Local Embedded Discrete Fracture Model (LEDFM)
Creators: name: Losapio, Davide
name: Scotti, Anna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The study of flow in fractured porous media is a key ingredient for many geoscience applications, such as reservoir management and geothermal energy production. Modelling and simulation of these highly heterogeneous and geometrically complex systems require the adoption of non-standard numerical schemes. The Embedded Discrete Fracture Model (EDFM) is a simple and effective way to account for fractures with coarse and regular grids, but it suffers from some limitations: it assumes a linear pressure distribution around fractures, which holds true only far from the tips and fracture intersections, and it can be employed for highly permeable fractures only. In this paper we propose an improvement of EDFM which aims at overcoming these limitations computing an improved coupling between fractures and the surrounding porous medium by a) relaxing the linear pressure distribution assumption, b) accounting for impermeable fractures modifying near-fracture transmissibilities. These results are achieved by solving different types of local problems with a fine conforming grid, and computing new transmissibilities (for connections between fractures and the surrounding porous medium and those through the porous medium itself near to the fractures). Such local problems are inspired from numerical upscaling techniques present in the literature. The new method is called Local Embedded Discrete Fracture Model (LEDFM) and the results obtained from several numerical tests confirm the aforementioned improvements.
description: 44 pages, 29 figures, submitted to "Advances in Water Resources"
Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay in LRSM with Natural Type-II seesaw Dominance
Creators: name: Pritimita, Prativa
name: Dash, Nitali
name: Patra, Sudhanwa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a detailed discussion on neutrinoless double beta decay within a class of left-right symmetric models where neutrino mass originates by natural type-II seesaw dominance. The spontaneous symmetry breaking is implemented with doublets, triplets and bidoublet scalars. The fermion sector is extended with an extra sterile neutrino per generation that helps in implementing the seesaw mechanism. The presence of extra particles in the model exactly cancels type-I seesaw and allows large value for Dirac neutrino mass matrix $M_D$. The key feature of this work is that all the physical masses and mixing are expressed in terms of neutrino oscillation parameters and lightest neutrino mass thereby facilitating to constrain light neutrino masses from $0νββ$ decay. With this large value of $M_D$ new contributions arise due to; i) purely left-handed current via exchange of heavy right-handed neutrinos as well as sterile neutrinos, ii) the so called $λ$ and $η$ diagrams. New physics contributions also arise from right-handed currents with right-handed gauge boson $W_R$ mass around $3$~TeV. From the numerical study, we find that the new contributions to $0νββ$ decay not only saturate the current experimental bound but also give lower limit on absolute scale of lightest neutrino mass and favor NH pattern of light neutrino mass hierarchy.
description: 40 pages, Discussion added on NMEs uncertainty, Version accepted in JHEP
Birational geometry of del Pezzo fibrations with terminal quotient singularities
Creators: name: Krylov, Igor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Del Pezzo fibrations appear as minimal models of rationally connected varieties. The rationality of smooth del Pezzo fibrations is a well studied question but smooth fibrations are not dense in moduli. Little is known about the rationality of the singular models. We prove birational rigidity, hence non-rationality, of del Pezzo fibrations with simple non-Gorenstein singularities satisfying the famous $K^2$-condition. We then apply this result to study embeddings of $\operatorname{PSL}_2(7)$ into the Cremona group.
description: In this version some proofs of well known facts have been omitted
Finite temperature charge and current densities around a cosmic string in AdS spacetime with compact dimension
Creators: name: de Mello, E. R. Bezerra
name: Santos, W. Oliveira dos
name: Saharian, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For a massive scalar field with a general curvature coupling parameter, we investigate the finite temperature contributions to the Hadamard function and to the charge and current densities in the geometry of a magnetic flux carrying generalized cosmic string embedded in $(D+1)$-dimensional locally AdS spacetime with a compactified spatial dimension. For $D=4$, the geometry on the AdS boundary, in the context of the AdS/CFT duality, corresponds to a cosmic string as a linear defect, compactified along its axis. In contrast to the case of the Minkowski bulk, the upper bound on the chemical potential does not depend on the field mass and is completely determined by the length of compact dimension and by the enclosed magnetic flux. The only nonzero components correspond to the charge density, to the azimuthal current and to the current along the compact dimension. They are periodic functions of magnetic fluxes with the period equal to the flux quantum. The charge density is an odd function and the currents are even functions of the chemical potential. At high temperatures the influence of the gravitational field and topology on the charge density is subdominant and the leading term in the corresponding expansion coincides with that for the charge density in the Minkowski spacetime. The current densities are topology-induced quantities and their behavior at high temperatures is completely different with the linear dependence on the temperature. At small temperatures and for chemical potentials smaller than the critical value, the thermal expectation values are exponentially suppressed for both massive and massless fields.
description: 30 pages, 7 figures; Version accepted for publication in Physical Review D
Practice Abstracts BRANCHES PROJECT H2020 - PA48
Creators: name: Raitila, Jyrki
name: GreenFuel Nordic Ltd.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Fast pyrolysis, forest biomass, bio-oil

description: Bio-oil from forest biomass through pyrolysis
description: BRANCHES will produce and share more than 50 case studies, considered Best Practices. The selected case studies will be summarized in Practice Abstracts (PAs), documents tailored for practitioners, shared through the project media and collected on this webpage. The numbering of the PAs only refers to chronological order of uploading. Enjoy your reading!
Effect of scalar field mass on gravitating charged scalar solitons and black holes in a cavity
Creators: name: Ponglertsakul, Supakchai
name: Winstanley, Elizabeth
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study soliton and black hole solutions of Einstein charged scalar field theory in cavity. We examine the effect of introducing a scalar field mass on static, spherically symmetric solutions of the field equations. We focus particularly on the spaces of soliton and black hole solutions, as well as studying their stability under linear, spherically symmetric perturbations of the metric, electromagnetic field, and scalar field.
description: Minor changes, 7 pages, 7 figures
Generative Design of Physical Objects using Modular Framework
Creators: name: Starodubcev, Nikita O.
name: Nikitin, Nikolay O.
name: Gavaza, Konstantin G.
name: Andronova, Elizaveta A.
name: Sidorenko, Denis O.
name: Kalyuzhnaya, Anna V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In recent years generative design techniques have become firmly established in numerous applied fields, especially in engineering. These methods are demonstrating intensive growth owing to promising outlook. However, existing approaches are limited by the specificity of problem under consideration. In addition, they do not provide desired flexibility. In this paper we formulate general approach to an arbitrary generative design problem and propose novel framework called GEFEST (Generative Evolution For Encoded STructure) on its basis. The developed approach is based on three general principles: sampling, estimation and optimization. This ensures the freedom of method adjustment for solution of particular generative design problem and therefore enables to construct the most suitable one. A series of experimental studies was conducted to confirm the effectiveness of the GEFEST framework. It involved synthetic and real-world cases (coastal engineering, microfluidics, thermodynamics and oil field planning). Flexible structure of the GEFEST makes it possible to obtain the results that surpassing baseline solutions.
Association of Physical activity during third trimester pregnancy and birth weight at term in Butajira, SNNPR, Ethiopia, 2017
Creators: name: Legesse, Meseret
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2017

description: Background: Low birth weight is an important public health issue in both developed and developing countries accounting for nearly 80% of neonatal deaths globally. It is the main factor influencing child survival and occurrence of chronic diseases in adult life. In Ethiopia only 5% of babies are weighed at birth and prevalence of low birth weight varies from 10-28%.Women from poor communities often engage in heavy physical activities which continue to late pregnancy. Objective: To assess maternal physical activity level during third trimester and its association with birth weight of newborns at term in Butajira, SNNPR, Ethiopia. Methods: A community based cohort study was employed on 247 pregnant mothers during third trimester. The mothers were selected using simple random sampling technique using list obtained from each kebele's survey. Structured questionnaire containing list of activities in vigorous and moderate categories and pattern of selected activities was used to assess physical activity level. Anthropometric measure of the mothers was done and pre-pregnancy weight and gestational weight gain was reported by the mothers. Birth weight was measured within 72 hours of delivery. Data was entered using Epi-Data 3.1 and all statistical tests were done using STATA version 14 software. Results: Out of 247 cohort of third trimester mothers, 235 were included in the final analysis among which 124(52.77%) and 111 (47.23%) of the mothers did moderate and vigorous physical activities during third trimester respectively. Low birth weight was 21.62% and 9.68% among newborns of mothers with vigorous and moderate physical activity levels respectively. After adjustment for important determinants of birth weight, doing vigorous physical activity [AOR=2.48:95% CI= (1.01-6.09], Prolonged standing [AOR=3.37:95% CI (1.14-9.93)] and squatting [AOR=2.61:95% CI (1.04-6.54)] during third trimester had significantly negative association birth weight at term. Conclusion and Recommendation: In this study over half of mothers did moderate physical activity and nearly half of mothers did vigorous intensity physical activities during third trimester. Proportion of low birth weight at term was high among mothers who did vigorous physical activity compared to mothers with moderate physical activity. Doing vigorous intensity physical activity, physical activities done by standing for longer hours and squatting position during third trimester had significantly negative association with birth weight at term. In order to improve child birth weight, pregnant women need to be counseled to reduce vigorous intensity physical activity, standing and squatting during third trimester.
ElasticBLAST: accelerating alignments on the cloud
Creators: name: Chrisitiam Camacho
name: Boratyn, Grzegorz
name: Joukov, Victor
name: Madden, Thomas L
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2022

description: The cloud is an appealing platform for bioinformaticians. They can bring
 up compute infrastructure on demand and at the scale they requested. They can
 access voluminous amounts of open access data hosted in cloud environments.
 To make use of the cloud, it is valuable to have cloud native implementations of important
 bioinformatics package.

 We discuss ElasticBLAST, a cloud-native package to produce alignments with
 the Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST). Built on top of the stand-alone BLAST+
 command-line package, ElasticBLAST works with a range of query inputs,
 handling anything from a few to millions of query sequences. ElasticBLAST
 instantiates cloud instances, dispatches work to them, and deletes resources
 when it is done. ElasticBLAST is supported on Amazon Web Services (AWS) and Google Cloud
 Platform (GCP). We discuss the implementation of ElasticBLAST, show usage
 examples and discuss performance.

 In the last year, several updates have been made to ElasticBLAST. First,
 it automatically selects an instance type for the BLAST runs based on
 the database. Second, it shuts down cloud resources at the end of the run.
 Finally, the ElasticBLAST throughput has been improved.

 The source code and documentation for ElasticBLAST are freely available on Github.
Rudolf Borchardt: Krippenspiel. Hrsg. von Gunilla Eschenbach
Creators: name: Knödler, Stefan
Publisher: name: Rottenburger Jahrbuch für Kirchengeschichte
Year: 2024

description: .
description: Rottenburger Jahrbuch für Kirchengeschichte, Bd. 40 (2021): Rottenburger Jahrbuch für Kirchengeschichte, Band 40
Comprehensive Analysis of Charged Lepton Flavour Violation in the Symmetry Protected Type-I Seesaw
Creators: name: Crivellin, Andreas
name: Kirk, Fiona
name: Manzari, Claudio Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The type-I seesaw model is probably the most straightforward and best studied extension of the Standard Model that can account for the tiny active neutrino masses determined from neutrino oscillation data. In this article, we calculate the complete set of one-loop corrections to charged lepton flavour violating processes within this model. We give the results both using exact diagonalisation of the neutrino mass matrix, and at at leading order in the seesaw expansion (i.e. $\mathcal{O}(v^2/M_R^2)$). Furthermore, we perform the matching onto the $SU(2)_L$ invariant Standard Model Effective Field Theory at the dimension-6 level. These results can be used as initial conditions for the renormalisation group evolution from the right-handed neutrino scale down to the scale of the physical processes, which resums large logarithms. In our numerical analysis, we study the inverse seesaw limit, i.e. the symmetry protected type-I seesaw, where the Wilson coefficient of the Weinberg operator is zero such that sizeable neutrino Yukawas are permissible and relevant effects in charged lepton flavour violating observables are possible. We correlate the different charged lepton flavour violating processes, e.g. $\ell\to\ell^\primeγ$, $\ell\to3\ell^\prime$, $μ\to e$ conversion and $Z\to \ell\ell^\prime$, taking into account the constraints from electroweak precision observables and tests of lepton flavour universality.
description: 55 pages, 16 figures
Manfred Knedlik (Hrsg.): Das Passions- und Osterspiel (1566) von Sebastian Wild
Creators: name: Lebzelter, Michael
Publisher: name: Rottenburger Jahrbuch für Kirchengeschichte
Year: 2024

description: .
description: Rottenburger Jahrbuch für Kirchengeschichte, Bd. 40 (2021): Rottenburger Jahrbuch für Kirchengeschichte, Band 40