cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The isothiocyanate class of bioactive nutrients covalently inhibit the MEKK1 protein kinase
Creators: name: Cross, Janet V.
name: Foss, Frank W.
name: Rady, Joshua M.
name: Macdonald, Timothy L.
name: Templeton, Dennis J.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2007
Subjects: Mitogen-activated protein kinases
Enzyme inhibitors
Biochemistry
Electrophiles
Cytology
Biology

description: Background: Dietary isothiocyanates (ITCs) are electrophilic compounds that have diverse biological activities including induction of apoptosis and effects on cell cycle. They protect against experimental carcinogenesis in animals, an activity believed to result from the transcriptional induction of "Phase 2" enzymes. The molecular mechanism of action of ITCs is unknown. Since ITCs are electrophiles capable of reacting with sulfhydryl groups on amino acids, we hypothesized that ITCs induce their biological effects through covalent modification of proteins, leading to changes in cell regulatory events. We previously demonstrated that stress-signaling kinase pathways are inhibited by other electrophilic compounds such as menadione. We therefore tested the effects of nutritional ITCs on MEKK1, an upstream regulator of the SAPK/JNK signal transduction pathway.
Methods: The activity of MEKK1 expressed in cells was monitored using in vitro kinase assays to measure changes in catalytic activity. The activity of endogenous MEKK1, immunopurified from ITC treated and untreated LnCAP cells was also measured by in vitro kinase assay. A novel labeling and affinity reagent for detection of protein modification by ITCs was synthesized and used in competition assays to monitor direct modification of MEKK1 by ITC. Finally, immunoblots with phospho-specific antibodies were used to measure the activity of MAPK protein kinases.
Results: ITCs inhibited the MEKK1 protein kinase in a manner dependent on a specific cysteine residue in the ATP binding pocket. Inhibition of MEKK1 catalytic activity was due to direct, covalent and irreversible modification of the MEKK1 protein itself. In addition, ITCs inhibited the catalytic activity of endogenous MEKK1. This correlated with inhibition of the downstream target of MEKK1 activity, i.e. the SAPK/JNK kinase. This inhibition was specific to SAPK, as parallel MAPK pathways were unaffected.
Conclusion: These results demonstrate that MEKK1 is directly modified and inhibited by ITCs, and that this correlates with inhibition of downstream activation of SAPK. These results support the conclusion that ITCs may carry out many of their actions by directly targeting important cell regulatory proteins.
MFCC-Plotter – Ein graphisches Analysetool für cepstrale Daten
Creators: name: Kukla, Frederick
name: Reichel, Vanessa
Publisher: name: Phonetik und Phonologie im deutschsprachigen Raum
Year: 2022

description: Phonetik und Phonologie im deutschsprachigen Raum, Phonetik und Phonologie im deutschsprachigen Raum
Using Multiple Beams to Distinguish Radio Frequency Interference from SETI Signals
Creators: name: Harp, G. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Allen Telescope Array is a multi-user instrument and will perform simultaneous radio astronomy and radio SETI (search for extra-terrestrial intelligence) observations. It is a multi-beam instrument, with 16 independently steerable dual-polarization beams at 4 different tunings. Given 4 beams at one tuning, it is possible to distinguish RFI from true ETI signals by pointing the beams in different directions. Any signal that appears in more than one beam can be identified as RFI and ignored during SETI. We discuss the effectiveness of this approach for RFI rejection using realistic simulations of the fully populated 350 element configuration of the ATA as well as the interim 32 element configuration. Over a 5 minute integration period, we find RFI rejection ratios exceeding 50 dB over most of the sky.
description: 12 double-spaced pages, 8 figures
Lautsymbolische Größencodierung bei der Benennung von Hunden
Creators: name: Christoph, Nadine
name: Ćwiek, Aleksandra
Publisher: name: Phonetik und Phonologie im deutschsprachigen Raum
Year: 2022

description: Phonetik und Phonologie im deutschsprachigen Raum, Phonetik und Phonologie im deutschsprachigen Raum
A hybrid physics-informed neural network based multiscale solver as a partial differential equation constrained optimization problem
Creators: name: Hintermüller, Michael
name: Korolev, Denis
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Partial differential equations
subject: learning-informed optimal control
subject: PDE constrained optimization
subject: physics-informed neural networks
subject: quasi-minimization
subject: homogenization
subject: multiscale modelling
subject: 35B27
subject: 65K10
subject: 65J15
subject: 65N99
subject: 68T20
subject: 80M40

description: In this work, we study physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) constrained by partial differential equations (PDEs) and their application in approximating multiscale PDEs. From a continuous perspective, our formulation corresponds to a non-standard PDE-constrained optimization problem with a PINN-type objective. From a discrete standpoint, the formulation represents a hybrid numerical solver that utilizes both neural networks and finite elements. We propose a function space framework for the problem and develop an algorithm for its numerical solution, combining an adjoint-based technique from optimal control with automatic differentiation. The multiscale solver is applied to a heat transfer problem with oscillating coefficients, where the neural network approximates a fine-scale problem, and a coarse-scale problem constrains the learning process. We show that incorporating coarse-scale information into the neural network training process through our modelling framework acts as a preconditioner for the low-frequency component of the fine-scale PDE, resulting in improved convergence properties and accuracy of the PINN method. The relevance of the hybrid solver to numerical homogenization is discussed.
YouTube as a Source of Surgical Information for Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Creators: name: Javidan, Arshia
name: Nelms, Matthew
name: Li, Allen
name: Lee, Yung
name: Zhou, Fangwen
name: Kayssi, Ahmed
name: Naji, Faysal
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Health Information Technology
subject: Other Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Medical Education

description: The objective of this systematic review is to characterize the peer-reviewed literature investigating YouTube as a source of surgical information for patients.
Audio-visuelle Wahrnehmung von Vokalen im Deutschen, Ungarischen, Georgischen und Ägyptisch-Arabischen
Creators: name: Winter, Isa Samira
name: Juhász, Kornélia
name: Deme, Andrea
name: Greisbach, Reinhold
Publisher: name: Phonetik und Phonologie im deutschsprachigen Raum
Year: 2022

description: Phonetik und Phonologie im deutschsprachigen Raum, Phonetik und Phonologie im deutschsprachigen Raum
Acceptability of Carraguard, a candidate microbicide and methyl cellulose placebo vaginal gels among HIV-positive women and men in Durban, South Africa
Creators: name: Ramjee, Gita
name: Morar, Neetha S.
name: Braunstein, Sarah
name: Friedland, Barbara
name: Jones, Heidi
name: Van De Wijgert, Janneke
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: HIV infections—Prevention
subject: Sexual health--Research
subject: HIV-positive persons
subject: Public health
subject: Medicine
subject: Medical sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Background and Methods: When on the market, microbicides are likely to be used by individuals who do not know their HIV status. Hence, assessment of safety and acceptability among HIV positive men and women is important. Acceptability of Carraguard, the Population Council's lead microbicide candidate was assessed in a Phase I safety study among healthy HIV-positive sexually abstinent women and men, and sexually active women (20 per group), in Durban, South Africa. Participants were randomized to use Carraguard gel, placebo gel, or no product. All women in the gel arms applied 4 ml gel vaginally every evening for 14 intermenstrual days (women in the sexually active group inserted gel within 1 hour prior to sex on days when sex occurred), and sexually abstinent men applied gel directly to the penis every evening for 7 days. Acceptability was assessed by face-to-face structured questionnaires and semi-structured in-depth interviews with all participants. Gel use questions were applicable to participants in the gel arms only (13 sexually abstinent women, 14 sexually active women, and 13 abstinent men).
Results: Overall, 93% of the women liked the study gel (Carraguard or placebo) very much, 4% disliked it somewhat, and 4% were neutral. 15% of men and women disliked the gel's color, smell, or packaging. Most women and men reported never experiencing pain or irritation during or after gel application. Although over two thirds of the women preferred some lubrication during sex, some of the women felt that the gel was frequently too wet. Twenty-one percent of women and 42% of men said they felt covert use of a microbicide would be acceptable. Over 60% of women and men would prefer to use a microbicide alone instead of using it with a condom.
Conclusion: Acceptability of Carraguard among HIV-positive women and men in Durban was good. The wetness experienced by the women may be attributed to the delivery of gel volume. The applicator was designed to deliver 4 mls whereas in fact between 4 ml to 5 mls were actually dispensed. Condom migration in the event of a partially effective product is of concern.
study of biomechanical risk factors in an elevator manufacturing company
Creators: name: SHARAN, Deepak
name: MOHANDOSS, Mathankumar
name: RANGANATHAN, Rameshkumar
name: Jayakumar, VB
name: Anoop, VR
Publisher: name: CPH Conference : 11th International Symposium on Human Factors in Organisational Design and Management
Year: 2014

description: The aim of this study was to identify tasks with high risk of causing musculoskeletal disorders, biomechanical risk factors and body regions at risk by conducting an ergonomic workplace analysis at an elevator manufacturing company. Assessment tools included Muscle Fatigue Assessment, Moore Garg Strain Index, Key Indicator method, Revised NIOSH Lifting Equation and REBA. 80 tasks were evaluated. All the tasks starting from the store area to manufacturing area and cleaning area were
assessed. The biomechanical risks identified ranged from low to very high. The commonest body regions that were considered at high risk were the lower back, neck and shoulder.
Recent Immigration to Canada and the United States: A Mixed Tale of Relative Selection
Creators: name: Kaushal, Neeraj
name: Lu, Yao
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Emigration and immigration--Government policy
subject: Immigrants--Education
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Adult education
subject: Public policy (Law)

description: Using large-scale census data and adjusting for sending-country fixed effect to account for changing composition of immigrants, we study relative immigrant selection to Canada and the U.S. during 1990-2006, a period characterized by diverging immigration policies in the two countries. Results show a gradual change in selection patterns in educational attainment and host country language proficiency in favor of Canada as its post-1990 immigration policy allocated more points to the human capital of new entrants. Specifically, in 1990, new immigrants in Canada were less likely to have a B.A. degree than those in the U.S.; they were also less likely to have a high-school or lower education. By 2006, Canada surpassed the U.S. in drawing highly-educated immigrants, while continuing to attract fewer low-educated immigrants. Canada also improved its edge over the U.S. in terms of host-country language proficiency of new immigrants. Entry-level earnings, however, do not reflect the same trend: Recent immigrants to Canada have experienced a wage disadvantage compared to recent immigrants to the U.S., as well as Canadian natives. One plausible explanation is that, while the Canadian points system has successfully attracted more educated immigrants, it may not be effective in capturing productivity-related traits that are not easily measurable.
Derivative-based SINDy (DSINDy): Addressing the challenge of discovering governing equations from noisy data
Creators: name: Wentz, Jacqueline
name: Doostan, Alireza
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 62J07, 65D10, 34A55, 37M10, 90C25, 15A04

description: Recent advances in the field of data-driven dynamics allow for the discovery of ODE systems using state measurements. One approach, known as Sparse Identification of Nonlinear Dynamics (SINDy), assumes the dynamics are sparse within a predetermined basis in the states and finds the expansion coefficients through linear regression with sparsity constraints. This approach requires an accurate estimation of the state time derivatives, which is not necessarily possible in the high-noise regime without additional constraints. We present an approach called Derivative-based SINDy (DSINDy) that combines two novel methods to improve ODE recovery at high noise levels. First, we denoise the state variables by applying a projection operator that leverages the assumed basis for the system dynamics. Second, we use a second order cone program (SOCP) to find the derivative and governing equations simultaneously. We derive theoretical results for the projection-based denoising step, which allow us to estimate the values of hyperparameters used in the SOCP formulation. This underlying theory helps limit the number of required user-specified parameters. We present results demonstrating that our approach leads to improved system recovery for the Van der Pol oscillator, the Duffing oscillator, and the Rössler attractor.
description: This new version of the paper includes an updated literature review and studies the performance of DSINDy on a higher-dimensional ODE system, the Lorenz 96 model
multimodal marking of information status in L2 speech: the case of Catalan learners of French
Creators: name: Baills, Florence
name: Baumann, Stefan
Publisher: name: Phonetik und Phonologie im deutschsprachigen Raum
Year: 2022

description: Phonetik und Phonologie im deutschsprachigen Raum, Phonetik und Phonologie im deutschsprachigen Raum
title: Wir unterzeichneten Abgeordneten haben zu unserer nicht geringen Ueberraschung aus vielen Wahlbezirken erfahren, daß in denselben Plakate, worin ein Seitens der National-Versammlung einstimmig gefaßter Beschluß der Steuerverweigerung zur allgemeinen Kenntniß gebracht wird, in zahllosen Exemplaren umlaufen. ...; [1848]
title: Berlin, den 22sten November 1848
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Zachariä, Heinrich Albert
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2018

description: Kopftitel
Distribution of Co-speech Gestures, Information Structure and Prosody: A Corpus Study on Prominence Peak Alignment
Creators: name: Gregori, Alina
name: Kügler, Frank
Publisher: name: Phonetik und Phonologie im deutschsprachigen Raum
Year: 2022

description: Phonetik und Phonologie im deutschsprachigen Raum, Phonetik und Phonologie im deutschsprachigen Raum
Intrinsic dust and star-formation scaling relations in nearby galaxies
Creators: name: Pastrav, Bogdan A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Following from our recent work, we present results of a detailed analysis of a representative sample of nearby galaxies. The photometric parameters of the morphological components are obtained from bulge-disk decompositions, using GALFIT software. The previously obtained method and library of numerical corrections for dust, decomposition and projection effects, are used to correct the measured (observed) parameters to intrinsic values. Observed and intrinsic galaxy dust and star-formation related scaling relations are presented, to emphasize the scale of the biases introduced by these effects. To understand the extent to which star-formation is distributed in the young stellar disks of galaxies, star-formation connected relations which rely on measurements of scale-lengths and fluxes / luminosities of H$α$ images, are shown. The mean dust opacity, dust-to-stellar mass and dust-to-gas ratios of the sample, together with the main characteristics of the intrinsic relations are found to be consistent with values found in the literature.
description: 3 pages, 1 figures, to be published in the Proceedings of the IAU Symposium 373 - "Resolving the Rise and Fall of Star-Formation in Galaxies", 9-11 August 2022, Busan (South Korea)
title: Proof theoretic criteria for logical constancy
Creators: name: Shortt, Julian
Publisher: name: University of Glasgow
Year: 2023

description: Logic concerns inference, and some inferences can be distinguished from others by their holding as a matter of logic itself, rather than say empirical factors. These inferences are known as logical consequences and have a special status due to the strong level of confidence they inspire. Given this importance, this dissertation investigates a method of separating the logical from the non-logical. The method used is based on proof theory, and builds on the work of Prawitz, Dummett and Read. Requirements for logicality are developed based on a literature review of common philosophical use of the term, with the key factors being formality, and the absolute generality / topic neutrality of interpretations of logical constants. These requirements are used to generate natural deduction criteria for logical constancy, resulting in the classification of certain predicates, truth functional propositional operators, first order quantifiers, second order quantifiers in sound and complete formal systems using Henkin semantics, and modal operators from the systems K and S5 as logical constants. Semantic tableaux proof systems are also investigated, resulting in the production of semantic tableaux-based criteria for logicality.
Parental Migration and Education of Left-Behind Children: A Comparison of Two Settings
Creators: name: Lu, Yao
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Emigration and immigration
subject: Parent and child
subject: Children of immigrants--Education
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Families
subject: Education

description: The out-migration of parents has become a common childhood experience worldwide. It can confer both economic benefits and social costs on children. Despite a growing literature, the circumstances under which children benefit or suffer from parental out-migration are not well understood. The present study examined how the relationship between parental out-migration and children's education varies across migration streams (internal vs. international) and across 2 societies. Data are from the Mexican Family Life Survey (N = 5,719) and the Indonesian Family Life Survey (N = 2,938). The results showed that children left behind by international migrant parents are worse off in educational attainment than those living with both parents. Internal migration of parents plays a negative role in some cases, though often to a lesser degree than international migration. In addition, how the overall relationship between parental migration and education balances out varies by context: It is negative in Mexico but generally small in Indonesia.
Unterschiede in der Realisierung des /i/-/e/-Kontrastes in Standarddeutsch und Westmittelbairisch
Creators: name: Bučar Shigemori, Lia Saki
name: Wolfswinkler, Katrin
Publisher: name: Phonetik und Phonologie im deutschsprachigen Raum
Year: 2022

description: Phonetik und Phonologie im deutschsprachigen Raum, Phonetik und Phonologie im deutschsprachigen Raum
A current algebra approach to the equilibrium classical statistical mechanics and its applications
Creators: name: Bogolubov, N. N.
name: Prykarpatsky, A. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The non-relativistic current algebra approach is analyzed subject to its application to studying the distribution functions of many-particle systems at the temperature equilibrium and their stability properties. We show that the classical Bogolubov generating functional method is a very effective tool for constructing the irreducible current algebra representations and the corresponding different generalized measure expansions including collective variables transform. The effective Hamiltonian operator construction and its spectrum peculiarities subject to the stability of equilibrium many-particle systems are discussed.
description: 13 pages
Female Migration, Cultural Context, and Son Preference in Rural China
Creators: name: Lu, Yao
name: Tao, Ren
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Sex of children, Parental preferences for
subject: Sociology, Rural
subject: Rural-urban migration--Sex differences
subject: Women's studies
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: How does female out-migration reconfigure gender values surrounding son preference in origin communities? We propose that the feminization of migration has the potential to infuse origin communities with economic and ideational changes that may challenge son preference. Rural China provides an interesting setting, both because its unprecedented labor out-migration has increasingly included women and because of its persistent son preference. Using data from rural China and instrumental variable regressions to adjust for potential endogeneity bias, this study shows that out-migration of women, but not of men, attenuates son preference among those in origin communities. The role of female out-migration transcends families with direct ties to migration and extends to the entire village. However, cultural context and family positions within that context condition the role of female migration: specifically, the preferences of individuals in families and villages embedded in strong patrilineal cultural practices are less likely to be shaped by female out-migration.
General-relativistic neutrino-radiation magnetohydrodynamics simulation of seconds-long black hole-neutron star mergers: Dependence on initial magnetic field strength, configuration, and neutron-star equation of state
Creators: name: Hayashi, Kota
name: Kiuchi, Kenta
name: Kyutoku, Koutarou
name: Sekiguchi, Yuichiro
name: Shibata, Masaru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As a follow-up study of our previous work, numerical-relativity simulations for seconds-long black hole-neutron star mergers are performed for a variety of setups. Irrespective of the initial and symmetry conditions, we find qualitatively universal evolution processes: The dynamical mass ejection takes place together with a massive accretion disk formation after the neutron star is tidally disrupted; Subsequently, the magnetic field in the accretion disk is amplified by the magnetic winding, Kelvin-Helmholtz instability, and magnetorotational instability, which establish a turbulent state inducing the dynamo and angular momentum transport; The post-merger mass ejection by the effective viscous processes stemming from the magnetohydrodynamics turbulence sets in at $\sim300$-$500$ ms after the merger and continues for several hundred ms; A magnetosphere near the black-hole spin axis is developed and the collimated strong Poynting flux is generated with its lifetime of $\sim0.5$-$2$ s. We have newly found that the model of no equatorial-plane symmetry shows the reverse of the magnetic-field polarity in the magnetosphere, which is caused by the dynamo associated with the magnetorotational instability in the accretion disk. The model with initially toroidal fields shows the tilt of the disk and magnetosphere in the late post-merger stage because of the anisotropic post-merger mass ejection. These effects could terminate the strong Poynting-luminosity stage within the timescale of $\sim0.5$-$2$ s.
description: 28 pages, 20 figures, and 2 tables. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2111.04621
The effects of spatial resolution on Integral Field Spectrograph surveys at different redshifts. The CALIFA perspective
Creators: name: Mast, D.
name: Rosales-Ortega, F. F.
name: Sanchez, S. F.
name: Vílchez, J. M.
name: Iglesias-Paramo, J.
name: Walcher, C. J.
name: Husemann, B.
name: Marquez, I.
name: Marino, R. A.
name: Kennicutt, R. C.
name: Monreal-Ibero, A.
name: Galbany, L.
name: de Lorenzo-Caceres, A.
name: Mendez-Abreu, J.
name: Kehrig, C.
name: del Olmo, A.
name: Relano, M.
name: Wisotzki, L.
name: Marmol-Queralto, E.
name: Bekeraite, S.
name: Papaderos, P.
name: Wild, V.
name: Aguerri, J. A. L.
name: Falcon-Barroso, J.
name: Bomans, D. J.
name: Ziegler, B.
name: García-Lorenzo, B.
name: Bland-Hawthorn, J.
name: Lopez-Sanchez, A. R.
name: van de Ven, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Over the past decade, 3D optical spectroscopy has become the preferred tool for understanding the properties of galaxies and is now increasingly used to carry out galaxy surveys. Low redshift surveys include SAURON, DiskMass, ATLAS3D, PINGS and VENGA. At redshifts above 0.7, surveys such as MASSIV, SINS, GLACE, and IMAGES have targeted the most luminous galaxies to study mainly their kinematic properties. The on-going CALIFA survey ($z\sim0.02$) is the first of a series of upcoming Integral Field Spectroscopy (IFS) surveys with large samples representative of the entire population of galaxies. Others include SAMI and MaNGA at lower redshift and the upcoming KMOS surveys at higher redshift. Given the importance of spatial scales in IFS surveys, the study of the effects of spatial resolution on the recovered parameters becomes important. We explore the capability of the CALIFA survey and a hypothetical higher redshift survey to reproduce the properties of a sample of objects observed with better spatial resolution at lower redshift. Using a sample of PINGS galaxies, we simulate observations at different redshifts. We then study the behaviour of different parameters as the spatial resolution degrades with increasing redshift.
description: 20 pages, 16 figures. Accepted for publication in A&A
The BaSTI Stellar Evolution Database: models for extremely metal-poor and super-metal-rich stellar populations
Creators: name: Pietrinferni, Adriano
name: Cassisi, Santi
name: Salaris, Maurizio
name: Hidalgo, Sebastian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an extension of the BaSTI stellar evolution database to extremely metal poor (${\rm Z=10^{-5}}$) and super-metal-rich (Z=0.05) metallicities, with both scaled-solar and $α$-enhanced ([$α$/Fe]=0.4) heavy element distributions. These new tracks (from the pre-main sequence to the early-asymptotic giant branch phase), horizontal branch models and isochrones, will enable the use of the BaSTI database to study, i.e., the most metal poor populations found in Local Group faint dwarf galaxies, and the metal rich component of the Galactic bulge. An overview of several fundamental predictions of stellar evolution over the full metallicity range of BaSTI is presented, together with comparisons with literature calculations at ${\rm Z=10^{-5}}$ and Z=0.05.
description: 11 pages, 15 Figures, A&A in press
GADY algorithm: Towards an evolutionary protocol for bottom-up design of synthetic bacteria
Creators: name: Sánchez Iñiguez, Ulises
name: Lledó Villaescusa, Sara
name: Lahoz-Beltra, Rafael
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 310299
subject: Bioinformatics and computational biology not elsewhere classified

description: Synthetic biology applications are currently based on the programming of bacteria with tailor-made circuits designed ad hoc by applying a top-down strategy. We introduce a novel algorithm oriented to design synthetic bacteria according to a bottom-up approach, i.e. via an ‘evolutionary programming’ algorithm. The proposed algorithm has been referred to as GADY: an acronym for Get signal, Antidote, Die when a killer gene is expressed, emits Yellow fluorescence. We include in this technical note a script of the algorithm in Gro cellular programming language, programming a colony of synthetic bacteria and illustrating its usefulness in a case of bioremediation or elimination of a strain of pathogenic bacteria.
Coercion and undue influence in decisions to participate in psychiatric research – conceptual issues
Creators: name: Appelbaum, Paul S.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Medical policy--Decision making
subject: Involuntary treatment
subject: Decision making
subject: Psychiatry--Research
subject: Psychiatry
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Health services administration
subject: Medical care

description: The essential elements of informed consent to research include the provision of relevant information to a person who is competent to make a decision, and who is situated so as to be able to do so voluntarily. The nature of the requirement of voluntariness has been resistant to exploration. Concerns about voluntariness are usually invoked under the rubrics of coercion or undue influence. Coercion can be conceptualized as the use of morally unjustified threats to bring a person to consent to research participation. Undue influence in the research context typically involves the use of affirmative inducements to persuade a person to ignore what would otherwise be their preferences regarding research participation. Talcott Parsons noted four means by which influence may be exercised, involving respectively the use of appeals to shared goals, inducement, persuasion, and power. In the context of human subjects research, evocation of shared goals may be manifest by appeals to altruism; inducement by offers to provide incentives; persuasion by the application of interpersonal pressure or by an exhortation to self-interest; and power by the issuance of threats. Appeals to altruism, if honestly framed, are unlikely ever to constitute illegitimate constraints on choice, but the other categories can be more problematic. A final component of this conceptualization of voluntariness is the recognition that constraints on decision-making can be actual or perceived. Actual offers, pressure, or threats reflect the behavior of other people who are trying to affect the subject's decision. However, there is often a dichotomy between the behaviors of others and a subject's perception of those behaviors. Hence, both actual and perceived constraint are relevant. Perceptions are the mediating variable between behaviors of others and their impact on subjects' decisions; this approach has proven fruitful in studies of voluntariness in other contexts.
Nonlinear nanomechanical resonators approaching the quantum ground state
Creators: name: Samanta, C.
name: De Bonis, S. L.
name: Møller, C. B.
name: Tormo-Queralt, R.
name: Yang, W.
name: Urgell, C.
name: Stamenic, B.
name: Thibeault, B.
name: Jin, Y.
name: Czaplewski, D. A.
name: Pistolesi, F.
name: Bachtold, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An open question in mechanics is whether mechanical resonators can be made nonlinear with vibrations approaching the quantum ground state. This requires engineering a mechanical nonlinearity far beyond what has been realized thus far. Here we discovered a mechanism to boost the Duffing nonlinearity by coupling the vibrations of a nanotube resonator to single-electron tunneling and by operating the system in the ultrastrong coupling regime. Remarkably, thermal vibrations become highly nonlinear when lowering the temperature. The average vibration amplitude at the lowest temperature is 13 times the zero-point motion, with approximately 42% of the thermal energy stored in the anharmonic part of the potential. Our work paves the way for realizing mechanical Schrodinger cat states [1], mechanical qubits [2, 3], and quantum simulators emulating the electron-phonon coupling [4].
A control center design revisited: learning from users’ appropriation
Creators: name: CONCEIÇÃO, Carolina
name: CORDEIRO, Cláudia
Publisher: name: CPH Conference : 11th International Symposium on Human Factors in Organisational Design and Management
Year: 2014

description: This paper aims to present the lessons learned during a control center design
project by revisiting another control center from the same company designed two and a half years before by the same project team. In light of the experience with the first project and its analysis, the designers and researchers had important feedback already used to suggest changes for the second project. The opportunity to learn from a previous project was unique, but the knowledge gotten out of it shows the importance of having this feedback from project to project instead of just ‘repeating’ previously used design solutions.
Implications of outpatient commitment and perceived coercion for stigma, quality of life and social functioning
Creators: name: Link, Bruce George
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2007
Subjects: Stigma (Social psychology)
Psychiatry--Research
Medical policy--Decision making
Involuntary treatment
Public health
Health services administration
Medical care
Psychiatry
Clinical psychology

description: Background: Policies and practices which deal with people who deviate from norms have relevance to the production of stigma – they can induce, minimize or block it. We address stigma consequences of the use of coercion in mental health.
Methods: We empirically examine two perspectives on need for and consequences of coercion in the context of outpatient commitment. The "Mandated Treatment Engagement Hypothesis" tests whether treatment engagement when coerced aides in symptom reduction and leads to improvements in perceived stigma and its consequences. In this hypothesis symptoms drive consequences. The "Coercion to Stigma Hypothesis" examines whether coercion has negative effects on stigmatization, quality of life, social functioning, disengagement from treatment and symptoms. In this hypothesis, coercion drives consequences. We use longitudinal data on 184 people with severe mental illnesses.
Results: We find support for both hypotheses but for only some and different outcomes. "Mandated Treatment Engagement Hypothesis" is supported by findings indicating that psychotic symptoms affect illness-related social functioning and outpatient commitment is associated with better functioning. But psychotic symptoms are not significantly related to either stigma or quality of life. "Coercion to Stigma Hypothesis" is supported by results indicating that feeling coerced induces subsequent stigma and compromises quality of life. But feeling coerced has no bearing on symptoms or illness related social functioning and assignment to outpatient commitment does not appear to have negative effects and may have some positive ones.
Conclusion: These analyses speak to the role of policy in inducing stigma and understanding the sources of stigma in efforts to exert social control.
Frequent Promoter Methylation of CDH1, DAPK, RARB, and HIC1 Genes in Carcinoma of Cervix Uteri: Its Relationship to Clinical Outcome
Creators: name: Narayan, Gopeshwar
name: Arias-Pulido, Hugo
name: Koul, Sanjay
name: Vargas, Hernan
name: Zhang, Fang F.
name: Villella, Jeannine
name: Schneider, Achim
name: Terry, Mary Beth
name: Mansukhani, Mahesh M.
name: Murty, Vundavalli V.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Promoters (Genetics)
subject: Epigenetics
subject: Cancer--Genetic aspects--Research
subject: Cervix uteri--Cancer
subject: Pathology
subject: Oncology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular biology

description: Background: Cervical cancer (CC), a leading cause of cancer-related deaths in women worldwide, has been causally linked to genital human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Although a host of genetic alterations have been identified, molecular basis of CC development is still poorly understood.
Results: We examined the role of promoter hypermethylation, an epigenetic alteration that is associated with the silencing tumor suppressor genes in human cancer, by studying 16 gene promoters in 90 CC cases. We found a high frequency of promoter methylation in CDH1, DAPK, RARB, and HIC1 genes. Correlation of promoter methylation with clinical characteristics and other genetic changes revealed the following: a) overall promoter methylation was higher in more advanced stage of the disease, b) promoter methylation of RARB and BRCA1 predicted worse prognosis, and c) the HIC1 promoter methylation was frequently seen in association with microsatellite instability. Promoter methylation was associated with gene silencing in CC cell lines. Treatment with methylation or histone deacetylation-inhibiting agents resulted in profound reactivation of gene expression.
Conclusions: These results may have implications in understanding the underlying epigenetic mechanisms in CC development, provide prognostic indicators, and identify important gene targets for treatment.
Theoretical definitions and models of sustainable development that apply to human factors and ergonomics
Creators: name: THATCHER, Andrew
Publisher: name: CPH Conference : 11th International Symposium on Human Factors in Organisational Design and Management
Year: 2014

description: The human race is undeniably moving into an era of resource constraints; energy choices, water scarcity, food shortages, climate change, waste management, disparate population changes, and employment challenges. This paper presents and critically examines the prominent definitions and models of sustainable development in order to provide guidance for the theoretical and practical implementation of human factors for sustainable development.
Octonionic formulation of the fully symmetric Maxwell's equations in 3+1 dimensions
Creators: name: Pushpa, K.
name: Barata, J. C. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using octonions, more specifically, using a 4 x 4 matrix representation of octonions obtained with the help of algebraic properties of quaternions, we obtain the fully symmetric Maxwell's equations (Maxwell's equations with electric and magnetic charges and currents which is invariant under duality transformations).
sogenannte Insta-Prosodie? Eine akustisch-prosodische Analyse von gesprochenen Instagram-Kommentaren
Creators: name: Worstbrock, Carolin
name: Arndt-Lappe, Sabine
name: Zahner-Ritter, Katharina
Publisher: name: Phonetik und Phonologie im deutschsprachigen Raum
Year: 2022

description: Phonetik und Phonologie im deutschsprachigen Raum, Phonetik und Phonologie im deutschsprachigen Raum
Thermal stability of standalone silicene sheet
Creators: name: Bocchetti, Virgile
name: Diep, Hung T.
name: Enriquez, H.
name: Oughaddou, H.
name: Kara, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Extensive Monte Carlo simulations are carried out to study thermal stability of an infinite standalone silicon sheet. We used the Tersoff potential that has been used with success for silicon at low temperatures. However, the melting temperature $T_m$ calculated with the original parameters provided by Tersoff is too high with respect to the experimental one. Agrawal, Raff and Komanduri have proposed a modified set of parameters to reduce $T_m$. For comparison, we have used these two sets of parameters to study the stability and the melting of a standalone 2D sheet of silicon called "silicene", by analogy with graphene for the carbon sheet. We find that 2D crystalline silicene is stable up to a high temperature unlike in 2D systems with isotropic potentials such as Lennard-Jones. The differences in the obtained results using two sets of parameters are striking.
Forecasting near-surface weather conditions and precipitation in Alaska’s Prince William Sound with the PWS-WRF modeling system
Creators: name: Olsson, Peter Q.
name: Volz, Karl P.
name: Liu, Haibo
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Wind forecasting
Precipitation forecasting
Numerical weather forecasting--Models
Meteorology

description: In the summer of 2009, several scientific teams engaged in a field program in Prince William Sound (PWS), Alaska to test an end-to-end atmosphere/ocean prediction system specially designed for this region. The “Sound Predictions Field Experiment” (FE) was a test of the PWS-Observing System (PWS-OS) and the culmination of a five-year program to develop an observational and prediction system for the Sound. This manuscript reports on results of an 18-day high-resolution atmospheric forecasting field project using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model.

Special attention was paid to surface meteorological properties and precipitation. Upon reviewing the results of the real-time forecasts, modifications were incorporated in the PWS-WRF modeling system in an effort to improve objective forecast skill. Changes were both geometric (model grid structure) and physical (different physics parameterizations).

The weather during the summer-time FE was typical of the PWS in that it was characterized by a number of minor disturbances rotating around an anchored low, but with no major storms in the Gulf of Alaska. The basic PWS-WRF modeling system as implemented operationally for the FE performed well, especially considering the extremely complex terrain comprising the greater PWS region.

Modifications to the initial PWS-WRF modeling system showed improvement in predicting surface variables, especially where the ambient flow interacted strongly with the terrain. Prediction of precipitation on an accumulated basis was more accurate than prediction on a day-to-day basis. The 18-day period was too short to provide reliable assessment and intercomparison of the quantitative precipitation forecasting (QPF) skill of the PWS-WRF model variants.
title: An alle Deutsche, denen das Geschick hungernder Mitbrüder und ihr eignes Wohl am Herzen liegt. Dringende Bitte um schleunige Veranstaltung einer National-Sammlung zur Abwehr der Gefahr drohenden Volksnoth; [1848]
title: [Darmstadt, am Vorabende des 18. Mai 1848]
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Knispel, Georg
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2018

description: Kopftitel
Levitated Optomechanics with Meta-Atoms
Creators: name: Lepeshov, Sergei
name: Meyer, Nadine
name: Maurer, Patrick
name: Romero-Isart, Oriol
name: Quidant, Romain
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose to introduce additional control in levitated optomechanics by trapping a meta-atom, i.e. a subwavelength and high-permittivity dielectric particle supporting Mie resonances. In particular, we theoretically demonstrate that optical levitation and center-of-mass ground-state cooling of silicon nanoparticles in vacuum is not only experimentally feasible but it offers enhanced performance over widely used silica particles, in terms of both trap frequency and trap depth. Moreover, we show that, by adjusting the detuning of the trapping laser with respect to the particle's resonance, the sign of the polarizability becomes negative, enabling levitation in the minimum of laser intensity e.g. at the nodes of a standing wave. The latter opens the door to trapping nanoparticles in the optical near-field combining red and blue-detuned frequencies, in analogy to two-level atoms, which is of interest for generating strong coupling to photonic nanostructures and short-distance force sensing.
description: 12pages, 9 figures
Work in a sustainability perspective: corporates’ perception and ergonomics
Creators: name: BRUNORO, Claudio
name: BOLIS, Ivan
name: SZNELWAR, Laerte
name: KAWASAKI, Bruno
Publisher: name: CPH Conference : 11th International Symposium on Human Factors in Organisational Design and Management
Year: 2014

description: Although much has been discussed about corporate sustainability practices, little is known about the work that supports them. How do corporations actually manage such complex issues? Can one say that human efforts for sustainability are sustainable as well? These questions were investigated through interviews with 10 large corporations in Brazil. Results show: how organisational features end up leveraging or limiting sustainability efforts; how this issue can actually introduce severe tensions into workers’ routine; and how corporate culture, power relations, and wider social and political issues also have to be addressed if work’s sustainability is to be considered in depth.
High-resolution kaonic-atom x-ray spectroscopy with transition-edge-sensor microcalorimeters
Creators: name: Okada, S.
name: Bennett, D. A.
name: Doriese, W. B.
name: Fowler, J. W.
name: Irwin, K. D.
name: Ishimoto, S.
name: Sato, M.
name: Schmidt, D. R.
name: Swetz, D. S.
name: Tatsuno, H.
name: Ullom, J. N.
name: Yamada, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We are preparing for an ultra-high resolution x-ray spectroscopy of kaonic atoms using an x-ray spectrometer based on an array of superconducting transition-edge-sensor microcalorimeters developed by NIST. The instrument has excellent energy resolutions of 2 - 3 eV (FWHM) at 6 keV and a large collecting area of about 20 mm^2. This will open new door to investigate kaon-nucleus strong interaction and provide new accurate charged-kaon mass value.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, Proceedings of 15th International Workshop on Low Temperature Detectors (LTD-15, Pasadena, California, June 24-28, 2013), To be published in a special issue of the Journal of Low Temperature Physics (JLTP)
R Package for Agent-Based Modelling: soundChangeR
Creators: name: Cronenberg, Johanna
name: Gubian, Michele
name: Harrington, Jonathan
Publisher: name: Phonetik und Phonologie im deutschsprachigen Raum
Year: 2022

description: Phonetik und Phonologie im deutschsprachigen Raum, Phonetik und Phonologie im deutschsprachigen Raum
Ferroelectric order parameter in the two-particle cluster system near phase transition point: collective variables method
Creators: name: Korynevskii, M. A.
name: Solovyan, V. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new approach in the investigation of the order parameter behaviour near ferroelectric phase transition point is suggested. The short range and dipole interactions between particles are taken into account. The logarithmic corrections and effective critical exponents are calculated and discussed.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures