cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Credit, Technology Adoption and Collective Action in Tanzania’s Smallholder Dairy Sector
Creators: name: Twine, Edgar
name: Rao, Elizaphan
name: Baltenweck, Isabelle
name: Omore, Amos
name: Twine, Edgar
name: Rao, Elizaphan
name: Baltenweck, Isabelle
name: Omore, Amos
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Credit
subject: technology adoption
subject: collective action
subject: smallholder dairy farmers
subject: Tanzania

description: The study investigates the role of technology adoption and collective action in the demand for credit among dairy farmers in rural Tanzania. Using survey data from four districts in Tanga and Morogoro regions, the incidence of credit is found to be seven percent. Logit and tobit models based on a conceptual framework that assumes endogenously determined interest rates and nonseparability of production and consumption credit, are applied to the data. Interest rates are found to be exogenous and statistically insignificant in the demand for credit. The logit model shows collective action to positively influence the decision to borrow, but technology adoption is insignificant. From the tobit model, both collective action and technology adoption positively influence the amount of funds borrowed. We use these results to examine the observed failure of rural savings and credit cooperative societies to lend to smallholder dairy farmers and livestock keepers in general in Tanzania.
Additional file 3: of Sarm1 deletion suppresses TDP-43-linked motor neuron degeneration and cortical spine loss
Creators: name: White, Matthew
name: Ziqiang Lin
name: Kim, Eugene
name: Henstridge, Christopher
name: Altamira, Emiliano Pena
name: Hunt, Camille
name: Burchill, Ella
name: Callaghan, Isobel
name: Loreto, Andrea
name: Brown-Wright, Heledd
name: Mead, Richard
name: Simmons, Camilla
name: Cash, Diana
name: Coleman, Michael
name: Jemeen Sreedharan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Dendritic spine morphology in motor cortex. (PDF 459 kb)
Exceptional non-Hermitian topological edge mode and its application to active matter
Creators: name: Sone, Kazuki
name: Ashida, Yuto
name: Sagawa, Takahiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Topological materials exhibit edge-localized scattering-free modes protected by their nontrivial bulk topology through the bulk-edge correspondence in Hermitian systems. While topological phenomena have recently been much investigated in non-Hermitian systems with dissipations and injections, the fundamental principle of their edge modes has not fully been established. Here, we reveal that in non-Hermitian systems robust gapless edge modes can ubiquitously appear owing to a mechanism that is distinct from bulk topology, thus indicating the breakdown of the bulk-edge correspondence. The robustness of these edge modes originates from yet another topological structure accompanying the branchpoint singularity around an exceptional point, at which eigenvectors coalesce and the Hamiltonian becomes nondiagonalizable. Their characteristic complex eigenenergy spectra are applicable to realize lasing wave packets that propagate along the edge of the sample. We numerically confirm the emergence and the robustness of the proposed edge modes in the prototypical models. Furthermore, we show that these edge modes appear in a model of chiral active matter based on the hydrodynamic description, demonstrating that active matter can exhibit an inherently non-Hermitian topological feature. The proposed general mechanism would serve as an alternative designing principle to realize scattering-free edge current in non-Hermitian devices, going beyond the existing frameworks of non-Hermitian topological phases.
description: 10+17 pages, 7+8 figures
On the Relationship between Lifestyle and Happiness in the UK
Creators: name: Gschwandtner, Adelina
name: Jewell, Sarah L.
name: Kambhampati, Uma
name: Gschwandtner, Adelina
name: Jewell, Sarah L.
name: Kambhampati, Uma
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Health Economics and Policy
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession
subject: Wellbeing
subject: Life Satisfaction
subject: Happiness
subject: Nutrition
subject: Exercise
subject: Lifestyle
subject: Instrumental Variables

description: In the present paper we attempt to analyse the relationship between ‘lifestyle’ and happiness in the UK using an instrumental variable approach. Our lifestyle variables have a significantly positive impact on happiness and the impact increases with the use of instruments. This suggests that a ‘healthy lifestyle’ has a positive impact on happiness and that any policy improving our lifestyle proxies would also make people happier in the UK.
The low mass white dwarf companion to Beta Crateris
Creators: name: Burleigh, M. R.
name: Barstow, M. A.
name: Schenker, K. J.
name: Sills, A. I.
name: Wynn, G. A.
name: Dobbie, P. D.
name: Good, S. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present FUSE H Lyman series spectroscopy of the hot white dwarf companion to the 4th magnitude A1III star Beta Crateris, which shows that is has an unusually low mass, 0.43Msun, and has almost certainly evolved through binary interaction. This system could be a long-sought remnant of Algol-type evolution, although radial velocity measurements appear to show that the pair are not close. Instead, micro-variations in Beta Crt's proper motion as measured by Hipparcos suggests that the period could be as high as 10 years. However, a low mass white dwarf in a system with a period >3 years is difficult to explain by conventional models for binary evolution. We speculate on alternative models for the evolution of this system which involve an eccentric binary or multiple components.
description: For publication in MNRAS
The Field: Land mobility measures as seen through the eyes of Irish farmers
Creators: name: Banovic, Marija
name: Duesberg, Stefanie
name: Renwick, Alan
name: Keane, Mark
name: Bogue, Pat
name: Banovic, Marija
name: Duesberg, Stefanie
name: Renwick, Alan
name: Keane, Mark
name: Bogue, Pat
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: Farm Management
International Development
Land Economics/Use

description: Ireland’s agriculture is characterised by an ageing farmer population and small average farm sizes. Past policy schemes developed to address these issues have been targeted at accelerating succession and retirement processes in agriculture. Their success however was limited. The process of succession, inheritance and retirement is complex and the decision-making of farm families in these situations is influenced by many factors. In order to develop more successful policies to encourage the early transfer of land and to increase farm sizes a better understanding of these factors is necessary. The paper addresses this question by employing a Neural Network Analysis with data collected through a survey of Irish farmers’ perception on succession and land mobility measures in 2012. The analysis shows that while many farmers in general are in favour of various land mobility measures, they would not consider taking advantage of any of them, which in part could be explained by a large number of farmers being unwilling to totally retire from farming.
Dissipative topological systems
Creators: name: Huang, Yu-Wei
name: Yang, Pei-Yun
name: Chen, I-Chi
name: Zhang, Wei-Min
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Topological phases of matter are protected from local perturbations and therefore have been thought to be robust against decoherence. However, it has not been systematically explored whether and how topological states are dynamically robust against the environment-induced decoherence. In this Letter, we develop a theory for topological systems that incorporate dissipations, noises and thermal effects. We derive novelly the exact master equation and the transient quantum transport for the study of dissipative topological systems, mainly focusing on noninteracting topological insulators and topological superconductors. The resulting exact master equation and the transient transport current are also applicable for the systems initially entangled with environments. We apply the theory to the topological Haldane model (Chern insulator) and the quantized Majorana conductance to explore topological phases of matter that incorporate dissipations, noises and thermal effects, and demonstrate the dissipative dynamics of topological states.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures
The Effects of the Costs of Trade Transaction and Free Trade in the International Soy Market
Creators: name: Caetani, Maria Inês
name: Alvim, Augusto Mussi
name: Hubbard, Carmem
name: Caetani, Maria Inês
name: Alvim, Augusto Mussi
name: Hubbard, Carmem
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: International Development
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: free trade
subject: trade transaction costs
subject: PCM
subject: soy

description: This study analyzes and discusses the impacts of the costs of trade transaction and tariff barriers and subsidies in the international soy trade. To achieve such a purpose, a partial equilibrium model is used, formulated as a Mixed Complementarity Problem - MCP - which allows including of the costs and the tariffs and subsidies in addition to building scenarios. Three simulations are built for testing the impacts: in the first one the costs are eliminated, in the second one, the trade policies are removed and in the third one, an increase of 20% in the consumption of soy is tested. The results show that eliminating the trade transaction costs favors Brazil, Argentina and China in the increase of exports and raises imports in the United States and Europe. The countries in the rest of the world are the ones who benefit the most from the free market condition. The scenario of increase in the world consumption shows that with the rhythm of soy consumption in the same levels of the years from 2009 to 2011 in the world and with the same pattern of the transaction costs and the trade policies, Brazil is the only one among the large producers who cannot manage to increase its participation in the world soy exports.
Two-dimensional quantum-link lattice Quantum Electrodynamics at finite density
Creators: name: Felser, Timo
name: Silvi, Pietro
name: Collura, Mario
name: Montangero, Simone
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an unconstrained tree tensor network approach to the study of lattice gauge theories in two spatial dimensions showing how to perform numerical simulations of theories in presence of fermionic matter and four-body magnetic terms, at zero and finite density, with periodic and open boundary conditions. We exploit the quantum link representation of the gauge fields and demonstrate that a fermionic rishon representation of the quantum links allows us to efficiently handle the fermionic matter while finite densities are naturally enclosed in the tensor network description. We explicit perform calculations for quantum electrodynamics in the spin-one quantum link representation on lattice sizes of up to 16x16 sites, detecting and characterizing different quantum regimes. In particular, at finite density, we detect signatures of a phase separation as a function of the bare mass values at different filling densities. The presented approach can be extended straightforwardly to three spatial dimensions.
description: 24 pages, 20 figures
LHC constraints on $W^\prime,~Z^\prime$ that couple mainly to third generation fermions
Creators: name: Hayreter, Alper
name: He, Xiao-Gang
name: Valencia, German
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the results of CMS and ATLAS searches for resonances that decay to $τν$ or $tb$ and $τ^+τ^-$ or $t\bar t$ final states to constrain the parameters of non-universal $W^\prime$ and $Z^\prime$ gauge bosons that couple preferentially to the third generation. For the former we consider production from $c\bar{b}$ annihilation and find very weak constraints on the strength of the interaction and only for the mass range between 800 and 1100 GeV from the $pp \to τ_h p_T^{\rm miss}$ channel. The constraints on the latter are much stronger and arise from both $t\bar t$ and $τ^+τ^-$ production. Treated separately, we find that the weak constraints on the $W^\prime$ still permit an explanation of the $R(D^{(\star)})$ anomalies with a light sterile neutrino whereas the stronger constraints on the $Z^\prime$ exclude significant light sterile neutrino contributions to the $K \to πν\barν$ rates. Within specific models the masses of $W^\prime$ and $Z^\prime$ are of course related and we briefly discuss the consequences.
description: 20 pages, 10 figures, matches version accepted for EPJC
CMB anisotropy: deviations from Gaussianity due to non-linear gravity
Creators: name: Aliaga, A. M.
name: Quilis, V.
name: Arnau, J. V.
name: Saez, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Non-linear evolution of cosmological energy density fluctuations triggers deviations from Gaussianity in the temperature distribution of the cosmic microwave background. A method to estimate these deviations is proposed. N-body simulations -- in a $Λ$CDM cosmology -- are used to simulate the strongly non-linear evolution of cosmological structures. It is proved that these simulations can be combined with the potential approximation to calculate the statistical moments of the CMB anisotropies produced by non-linear gravity. Some of these moments are computed and the resulting values are different from those corresponding to Gaussianity.
description: 6 latex pages with mn.sty, 3 eps figures. Accepted in MNRAS
Estimating Farmers' Willingness to Change Tillage Practices to Supply Carbon Emissions Offsets
Creators: name: Gramig, Benjamin M.
name: Widmar, Nicole J.O.
name: Gramig, Benjamin M.
name: Widmar, Nicole J.O.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Farm Management
subject: offsets
subject: tillage
subject: choice experiment
subject: attribute non-attendance
subject: climate change

description: One common element in many voluntary and regulatory carbon markets to date has been the inclusion of emissions offsets that can be sold by entities outside of emission caps. A particularly low cost means of sequestering atmospheric carbon is reducing tillage of agricultural soils. A choice experiment is conducted with corn and soybean farmers in Indiana, USA to measure farmers' willingness to change tillage practices to supply carbon offsets by estimating their willingness to accept (WTA) payment related to different attributes of active and proposed carbon markets. This research is unique in its focus on the supply side of the market for environmental services, and contributes to the nascent literature on the valuation of the ‘means’ of achieving an improvement in environmental quality, rather than the environmental ‘end’ result of a proposed policy or market. Understanding farmers' preferences and willingness to adjust practices is vital to designing schemes that farmers will participate in so that global carbon abatement efforts can be achieved in the most cost-effective ways possible. We investigate attribute non-attendance (ANA) in our sample, estimate and compare WTA amongst adopters and non-adopters of no-till, and compare WTA with current carbon prices to evaluate the prospects for increased adoption.
Closure statistics in interferometric data
Creators: name: Blackburn, Lindy
name: Pesce, Dominic W.
name: Johnson, Michael D.
name: Wielgus, Maciek
name: Chael, Andrew A.
name: Christian, Pierre
name: Doeleman, Sheperd S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Interferometric visibilities, reflecting the complex correlations between signals recorded at antennas in an interferometric array, carry information about the angular structure of a distant source. While unknown antenna gains in both amplitude and phase can prevent direct interpretation of these measurements, certain combinations of visibilities called closure phases and closure amplitudes are independent of antenna gains and provide a convenient set of robust observables. However, these closure quantities have subtle noise properties and are generally both linearly and statistically dependent. These complications have obstructed the proper use of closure quantities in interferometric analysis, and they have obscured the relationship between analysis with closure quantities and other analysis techniques such as self calibration. We review the statistics of closure quantities, noting common pitfalls that arise when approaching low signal-to-noise due to the nonlinear propagation of statistical errors. We then develop a strategy for isolating and fitting to the independent degrees of freedom captured by the closure quantities through explicit construction of linearly independent sets of quantities along with their noise covariance in the Gaussian limit, valid for moderate signal-to-noise, and we demonstrate that model fits have biased posteriors when this covariance is ignored. Finally, we introduce a unified procedure for fitting to both closure information and partially calibrated visibilities, and we demonstrate both analytically and numerically the direct equivalence of inference based on closure quantities to that based on self calibration of complex visibilities with unconstrained antenna gains.
description: 31 pages, 17 figures
Additional file 1 of Evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic value of NUSAP1 in papillary thyroid carcinoma and identify the relationship with genes, proteins, and immune factors
Creators: name: Gao, Tiantian
name: Zhao, Lei
name: Zhang, Fan
name: Cao, Conghui
name: Fan, Shuting
name: Shi, Xiaoguang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Kaplan-Meier survival curves comparing the high and low expression of NUSAP1 in 5 types of cancer. Survival curves of OS in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma (KIRC), Kidney renal papillary cell carcinoma (KIRP), Liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC), Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Figure S2. The proportion of immune cells in the PTC tissue of the THCA data set. The x-axis shows the sample name, and the y-axis shows the proportion of immune cells. Figure S3. Correlation between immune cells in PTC tissue of THCA data set. The content in the lower left corner displays the correlation coefficient, and the upper right corner visualizes the correlation coefficient. Blue represents positive correlation, red represents negative correlation, and the darker the color, the higher the correlation.
On Noncommutative Merons and Instantons
Creators: name: Franco-Sollova, Filip
name: Ivanova, Tatiana A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Yang-Mills (YM) and self-dual Yang-Mills (SDYM) equations on the noncommutative Euclidean four-dimensional space are considered. We introduce an ansatz for a gauge potential reducing the noncommutative SDYM equations to a difference form of the Nahm equations. By constructing solutions to the difference Nahm equations, we obtain solutions of the noncommutative SDYM equations. They are noncommutative generalizations of the known solutions to the SDYM equations such as the Minkowski solution, the one-instanton solution and others. Using the noncommutative deformation of the Corrigan-Fairlie-'t Hooft-Wilzek ansatz, we reduce the noncommutative YM equations to equations on a scalar field which have meron solutions in the commutative limit and show that they have no such solutions in the noncommutative case. To overcome this difficulty, another ansatz reducing the noncommutative YM equations to a system of difference equations on matrix-valued functions is used. For self-dual configurations this system is reduced to the difference Nahm equations.
description: 15 pages, LaTeX; v.2: two references added, to appear in J.Phys.A
Has Farming Connect made an economic impact on the Welsh agricultural sector?
Creators: name: Hill, Berkeley
name: Bradley, Dylan
name: Williams, Eirwen
name: Hill, Berkeley
name: Bradley, Dylan
name: Williams, Eirwen
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession
subject: Extension
subject: Knowledge Transfer
subject: Advice
subject: Innovation
subject: Impact

description: Demonstrating the impact of Knowledge Transfer activities and advisory services aimed at farmers is important to justify their use in the achievement of policy goals and in the spending of public funds. Experience gained in evaluating Farming Connect in Wales, the programme delivering these services using a wide range of activities, is drawn on to illustrate issues faced in detecting economic impacts at farm and sector levels, in particular in establishing the counterfactual. The various methodological tools employed are compared, including the common but 'naïve' approach of asking farmers about impacts on their business, and the 'quasi-experimental' one of comparing samples of beneficiaries and non-beneficiaries. Rather different results are obtained (farmer responses suggesting a far greater level of impact) and reasons for these are sought. Lessons have been learned that need to be taken into account in the future design of monitoring and evaluation and for the selection of the types of activities that receive public support.
Neutron-antineutron Oscillations in the Trapping Box
Creators: name: Kerbikov, B. O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have reexamined the problem of $n-\bar n$ oscillations for ultra-cold neutrons (UCN) confined within a trap. We have shown that the growth of the $\bar n$ component with time is to a decent accuracy given by $P(\bar n)= ε^2_{n\bar n} t_Lt,$ where $ε_{n\bar n}$ is the mixing parameter, $t_L\sim 1 $ sec in the neutron propagation time between subsequent collisions with the trap walls. Possible corrections to this law and open questions are discussed.
description: 11 pages, LaTeX2e
Estimating US Crop Supply Model Elasticities Using PMP and Bayesian Analysis
Creators: name: Hudak, Michael
name: Hudak, Michael
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Production Economics
subject: agricultural supply analysis
subject: mathematical programming models
subject: Bayesian econometrics
subject: US agricultural

description: This paper examines an innovative and practical way to model the supply of agricultural crops. This will be done by extending the technique developed by Howitt (1995), Positive Mathematical Programming (PMP), using Bayesian estimation. A key problem in the use of the PMP model is the relative difficulty of finding calibrating parameters such that the first and second order conditions are satisfied; with the added difficulty that many of the conditions needed to be satisfied are not exactly known. Thus the use of Bayesian analysis is a useful tool to try and determine these parameters. By employing a Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithm, specifically a Metropolis-Hasting Algorithm, a posterior distribution for the calibrating parameters can be found such that the resulting supply model will not only reproduce an optimum close to observed acreages, but also produce reasonable elasticities due to the prior information. The value of this style of estimation for a crop supply model lies in the limited amount of data needed to estimate the model.
Propagated Perturbation of Adversarial Attack for well-known CNNs: Empirical Study and its Explanation
Creators: name: Yoon, Jihyeun
name: Kim, Kyungyul
name: Jang, Jongseong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Deep Neural Network based classifiers are known to be vulnerable to perturbations of inputs constructed by an adversarial attack to force misclassification. Most studies have focused on how to make vulnerable noise by gradient based attack methods or to defense model from adversarial attack. The use of the denoiser model is one of a well-known solution to reduce the adversarial noise although classification performance had not significantly improved. In this study, we aim to analyze the propagation of adversarial attack as an explainable AI(XAI) point of view. Specifically, we examine the trend of adversarial perturbations through the CNN architectures. To analyze the propagated perturbation, we measured normalized Euclidean Distance and cosine distance in each CNN layer between the feature map of the perturbed image passed through denoiser and the non-perturbed original image. We used five well-known CNN based classifiers and three gradient-based adversarial attacks. From the experimental results, we observed that in most cases, Euclidean Distance explosively increases in the final fully connected layer while cosine distance fluctuated and disappeared at the last layer. This means that the use of denoiser can decrease the amount of noise. However, it failed to defense accuracy degradation.
Attention Check Items and Instructions in Online Surveys: Boon or Bane for Data Quality?
Creators: name: Shamon, Hawal
name: Berning, Carl Clemens
Publisher: name: Survey Research Methods
Year: 2020

description: In this paper, we examine rates of careless responding and reactions towards detection methods (i.e., attention check item and instruction) in an experimental setting based on two different samples. First, we use a quota sample (with monetary incentive), a central data source for internet-based surveys in sociological and political research. Second, we include a voluntary opt-in panel (without monetary incentive) well suited to conduct survey experiments (e.g., factorial surveys). Respondents’ reactions towards the detection items are analyzed by objective, non-reactive indicators (i.e., break-off, item nonresponse, and measurement quality), and two self-report scales. Our reaction analyses reveal that the detection methods that we applied are not only well suited to identify careless respondents but also exert a motivational rather than demotivating influence on respondents’ answer behavior and, hence, contribute to data quality.
description: Survey Research Methods, Vol 14 No 1 (2020)
On classification of Lorentzian Kac-Moody algebras
Creators: name: Gritsenko, Valery A.
name: Nikulin, Viacheslav V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We discuss a general theory of Lorentzian Kac--Moody algebras which should be a hyperbolic analogy of the classical theories of finite-dimensional semi-simple and affine Kac-Moody algebras. First examples of Lorentzian Kac-Moody algebras were found by Borcherds. We consider general finiteness results about the set of Lorentzian Kac--Moody algebras and the problem of their classification. As an example, we give classification of Lorentzian Kac--Moody algebras of the rank three with the symmetry group which is an extended paramodular group. Perhaps, this is the first example when a large class of Lorentzian Kac--Moody algebras was classified. This paper is closely related with our papers math.AG/9810001, math.AG/0010329
description: 56 pages, Ams-Tex, A polished variant
Exploring issues of affordability for participation in UK music festivals
Creators: name: Davies, Karen
Publisher: name: Cardiff Metropolitan University
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 160402 Recreation, Leisure and Tourism Geography
subject: FOS: Social and economic geography

description: To investigate the issue of access to music festivals by those living in poverty by exploring the costs associated with attendance to UK music festivals and investigating what festivals are doing to counteract the issue.
Additional file 2: of Sarm1 deletion suppresses TDP-43-linked motor neuron degeneration and cortical spine loss
Creators: name: White, Matthew
name: Ziqiang Lin
name: Kim, Eugene
name: Henstridge, Christopher
name: Altamira, Emiliano Pena
name: Hunt, Camille
name: Burchill, Ella
name: Callaghan, Isobel
name: Loreto, Andrea
name: Brown-Wright, Heledd
name: Mead, Richard
name: Simmons, Camilla
name: Cash, Diana
name: Coleman, Michael
name: Jemeen Sreedharan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Additional MRI data. (PDF 4210 kb)
Estimating the Effect of Land Fragmentation on Machinery Use and Crop Production
Creators: name: Lai, Wangyang
name: Roe, Brian
name: Liu, Yumei
name: Lai, Wangyang
name: Roe, Brian
name: Liu, Yumei
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Production Economics
subject: agricultural production
subject: China
subject: land fragmentation
subject: land use policy
subject: machinery use

description: Using a recent data set from farm households in the provinces of Hebei and Shandong, we investigate the effect of land fragmentation on machinery use as well as the effect of machinery use on crop production. Endogeneity is addressed by utilizing land fragmentation due to previous long-term land assignment as an instrument and first difference estimation between normalized wheat and corn output from the same plots in the same year. The main results indicate that consolidating an average farm of 0.31 hectares from 2.28 plots to one plot increases machinery use by about 10%. Further, a 10% increase of machinery use increases crop production between 0.5% and 1%.
Estimating Producers’ Willingness to Supply Switchgrass as a Bioenergy Crop
Creators: name: Alhassan, Mustapha
name: Perrin, Richard
name: Fulginiti, Lilyan
name: Alhassan, Mustapha
name: Perrin, Richard
name: Fulginiti, Lilyan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Production Economics
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Willingness to accept
subject: contingent valuation
subject: switchgrass
subject: bioenergy crop.

description: This paper used the contingent valuation (CV) approach to estimate the willingness of potential producers in selected counties in 12 states in the Midwest region of U.S. to supply switchgrass, and also to lease out land for switchgrass production. We used the dichotomous choice (DC) format and a linear random utility probit model is employed to estimate the willingness to accept (WTA) in both cases in terms of revenue per acre per year. From the preliminary results of the willingness to produce, the estimated mean WTA for region 1(selected counties in Minnesota, North Dakota, South Dakota, Wisconsin, and Michigan) is $314.62 per acre, that of region 2 (selected counties in South Dakota, Nebraska, Kansas, Missouri, Indiana, and Ohio) is $462.10 per acre, and that of region 3 (selected counties in Illinois, Iowa, Minnesota, and Wisconsin) is $451.75 per acre. From the willingness to lease out land for switchgrass production results, the estimated mean WTA for region 1 is $257.45 per acre, $384.39 per acre for region 2, and $354.74 per acre for region 3.
Three pion spectrum in the $I=3$ channel from lattice QCD
Creators: name: Culver, Chris
name: Mai, Maxim
name: Brett, Ruairí
name: Alexandru, Andrei
name: Döring, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Three-body states are critical to the dynamics of many hadronic resonances. We show that lattice QCD calculations have reached a stage where these states can be accurately resolved. We perform a calculation over a wide range of parameters and find all states below inelastic threshold agree with predictions from a state-of-the-art phenomenological formalism. This also illustrates the reliability of the formalism used to connect lattice QCD results to infinite volume physics. Our calculation is performed using three positively charged pions, with different lattice geometries and quark masses.
The Effects of Business Maturity, Experience and Size on the Farms’ Economic Vitality: A Credit Migration Analysis of Farm Service Agency Borrowers
Creators: name: Rusiana, Hofner D.
name: Escalante, Cesar L.
name: Rusiana, Hofner D.
name: Escalante, Cesar L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Farm Management
subject: Financial Economics
subject: credit risk migration
subject: random effects
subject: ordered logit regression
subject: macroeconomic variables
subject: agricultural lending
subject: credit scoring

description: This paper examines the relative financial strength and endurance of several paired classes of farmers according to business maturity (beginning versus mature farm businesses), farm operators’ age/experience (young versus older, more experienced farm operators), and farm size (small versus large farm businesses) by utilizing random-effects ordered logistic techniques. Results show that increasing farm size will lead to a higher probability of class upgrades. Being a young farm operator, meanwhile, decreases this probability. Positive changes in money supply and farm real estate values were found to increase the likelihood of credit upgrades. Results also show trend reversal of credit risk movement, where upgrades (downgrades) are more likely to be followed by downgrades (upgrades).
Observation of the relativistic reversal of the ponderomotive potential
Creators: name: Axelrod, Jeremy J.
name: Campbell, Sara L.
name: Schwartz, Osip
name: Turnbaugh, Carter
name: Glaeser, Robert M.
name: Mueller, Holger
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The secular dynamics of a non-relativistic charged particle in an electromagnetic wave can be described by the ponderomotive potential. Although ponderomotive electron-laser interactions at relativistic velocities are important for emerging technologies from laser-based particle accelerators to laser-enhanced electron microscopy, the effects of special relativity on the interaction have only been studied theoretically. Here, we use a transmission electron microscope to measure the position-dependent phase shift imparted to a relativistic electron wave function when it traverses a standing laser wave. The kinetic energy of the electrons is varied between $80\,\mathrm{keV}$ and $300\,\mathrm{keV}$, and the laser standing wave has a continuous-wave intensity of $175\,\mathrm{GW/cm}^2$. In contrast to the non-relativistic case, we demonstrate that the phase shift depends on both the electron velocity and the wave polarization, confirming the predictions of a quasiclassical theory of the interaction. Remarkably, if the electron's speed is greater than $1/\sqrt{2}$ of the speed of light, the phase shift at the electric field nodes of the wave can exceed that at the antinodes. In this case there exists a polarization such that the phase shifts at the nodes and antinodes are equal, and the electron does not experience Kapitza-Dirac diffraction. Our results thus provide new capabilities for coherent electron beam manipulation.
Real Assets and Inflation: Which Real Assets Hedge Inflation
Creators: name: Parajuli, Rajan
name: Chang, Sun Joseph
name: Parajuli, Rajan
name: Chang, Sun Joseph
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Financial Economics
subject: Real Assets
subject: Inflation
subject: CAPM
subject: Private-equity assets
subject: Public-equity assets

description: Inflation is considered as a leading macroeconomic indicator, which might create substantial distortions in financial statements, future earnings, and overall performance of securities in the financial market. An inflation-hedging ability of an asset offers protection against inflation, which eliminates or at least reduces the uncertainty about the future real returns. Real assets like real estate, timberland, and farmland have been regarded as good inflation hedges, whereas financial assets like common stocks and bonds are considered as perverse hedges against inflation. Using the generalized Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) to account for inflation, this study evaluates the inflation-hedging ability of several real assets. Consistent with the findings of previous studies, this study concludes that private-equity assets offer hedges against inflation to some extent, but stocks are found to be inferior hedges against inflation.
Eriococcidae Cockerell 1899
Creators: name: Hodgson, Chris
name: Miller, Dug
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Eriococcidae

description: Key to the Genera of the Eriococcidae of South America  (Adult Males)  1 Antennae with 8 or fewer segments.......................................................................................................................... 5
- Antennae with 10 segments....................................................................................................................................... 2
2(1) Penial sheath less than half length of abdomen......................................................................................................... 3
 - Penial sheath more than half length of abdomen........................................................................................ Capulinia
3(2) Antennae with long, narrow fleshy setae, similar to hair-like setae.......................................................................... 4
 - Antennae with thicker fleshy setae, obviously different from hair-like setae.................................... Acanthococcus
 4(3) Glandular pouch shallow, with pores spreading out of pouch onto dorsum; glandular pouch setae short, only extending to about half length of penial sheath; dorsal abdominal setae not as abundant as ventral abdominal setae................................................................................................................................................................. Stibococcus
 - Glandular pouch deep, with pores restricted to within pouch; glandular pouch setae long, extending to about level with tip of penial sheath; dorsal abdominal setae more abundant than ventral abdominal setae... Carpochloroides
 5(1) Abdomen not attenuated; with glandular pouches....................................................................... Pseudotectococcus
 - Abdomen attenuated; without glandular pouches................................................................................... Tectococcus
description: Published as part of Hodgson, Chris & Miller, Dug, 2010, A Review of the Eriococcid Genera (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Coccoidea) of South America 2459, pp. 1-101 in Zootaxa 2459 (1) on page 92, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2459.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5313324
On the state of low luminous accreting neutron stars
Creators: name: Ikhsanov, Nazar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Observational appearance of a neutron star in the subsonic propeller state which is a companion of a wind-fed mass-exchange close binary system is discussed. During the subsonic propeller state the neutron star magnetosphere is surrounded by a spherical quasi-static plasma envelope, which is extended from the magnetospheric boundary up to the star accretion radius. The energy input to the envelope due to the propeller action by the neutron star exceeds the radiative losses and the plasma temperature in the envelope is of the order of the free-fall temperature. Under this condition the magnetospheric boundary is interchange stable. Nevertheless, I find that the rate of plasma penetration from the envelope into the magnetic field of the neutron star due to diffusion and magnetic field line reconnection processes is large enough for the accretion power to dominate the spindown power. I show that the accretion luminosity of the neutron star in the subsonic propeller state is 5*10**{30} - 10**{33} (dM/dt)_{15} erg/s, where dM/dt is the strength of the normal companion stellar wind which is parametrized in terms of the maximum possible mass accretion rate onto the neutron star magnetosphere. On this basis I suggest that neutron stars in the subsonic propeller state are expected to be observed as low luminous accretion-powered pulsars. The magnetospheric radius of the neutron star in this state is determined by the strength of the stellar wind, (dM/dt)_c, while the accretion luminosity is determined by the rate of plasma penetration into the star magnetosphere, (dM/dt)_a, which is (dM/dt)_a << (dM/dt)_c. That is why the classification of the neutron star state in these objects using the steady accretion model (i.e. setting (dM/dt)_a = (dM/dt)_c) can lead to a mistaken conclusion.
description: 6 pages, accepted for publication in A&A
The Magellanic Clouds Photometric Survey: The Small Magellanic Cloud Stellar Catalog and Extinction Map
Creators: name: Zaritsky, Dennis
name: Harris, Jason
name: Thompson, Ian B.
name: Grebel, Eva K.
name: Massey, Philip
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present our catalog of U, B, V, and I stellar photometry of the central 18 sq. degree area of the Small Magellanic Cloud. We combine our data with the 2MASS and DENIS catalogs to provide, when available, U through K_S data for stars. Internal and external astrometric and photometric tests using existing optical photometry (U, B, and V from Massey's bright star catalog; B, V, and I from the microlensing database of OGLE and I from the near-infrared sky survey DENIS) are used to determine the observational uncertainties and identify systematic errors. We fit stellar atmosphere models to the optical data to check the consistency of the photometry for individual stars across the passbands and to estimate the line-of-sight extinction. Finally, we use the estimated line-of-sight extinctions to produce an extinction map across the Small Magellanic Cloud and investigate the nature of extinction as a function of stellar population.
description: 28 pages (higher quality figures available at http://ngala.as.arizona.edu/dennis/smcfigs); accepted for publication in AJ
Additional file 1: of Sarm1 deletion suppresses TDP-43-linked motor neuron degeneration and cortical spine loss
Creators: name: White, Matthew
name: Ziqiang Lin
name: Kim, Eugene
name: Henstridge, Christopher
name: Altamira, Emiliano Pena
name: Hunt, Camille
name: Burchill, Ella
name: Callaghan, Isobel
name: Loreto, Andrea
name: Brown-Wright, Heledd
name: Mead, Richard
name: Simmons, Camilla
name: Cash, Diana
name: Coleman, Michael
name: Jemeen Sreedharan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Gastrocnemius muscle weights in male and female mice. (PDF 720 kb)
Líneas de Investigación del Programa de Psicología 2019
Creators: name: Bucheli, Maria Alejandra Caicedo
name: Burbano, Claudia Lorena
name: Castellanos, Eleonora
name: Ceballos, María Alejandra
name: Girón, Diana Isabel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: Este documento tiene como objetivo presentar cada una de las líneas de investigación del programa de psicología de la FUP, sus objetivos generales y específicos, los elementos que las justifican, los campos temáticos que las componen, aspectos teóricos y conceptuales que las sustentan, y cómo se articulan al plan de estudios de pre y post grados del programa.
Centrality dependence of Electrical and Hall conductivity at RHIC and LHC energies for a Conformal System
Creators: name: Chatterjee, Bhaswar
name: Rath, Rutuparna
name: Sarwar, Golam
name: Sahoo, Raghunath
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we study electrical conductivity and Hall conductivity in the presence of electromagnetic field using Relativistic Boltzmann Transport Equation with Relaxation Time Approximation. We evaluate these transport coefficients for a strongly interacting system consisting of nearly massless particles which is similar to Quark-Gluon Plasma and is likely to be formed in heavy-ion collision experiments. We explicitly include the effects of magnetic field in the calculation of relaxation time. The values of magnetic field are obtained for all the centrality classes of Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt {s_{\rm NN}} =$ 200 GeV and Pb+Pb collisions at $\sqrt {s_{\rm NN}} =$ 2.76 TeV. We consider the three lightest quark flavors and their corresponding antiparticles in this study. We estimate the temperature dependence of the electrical conductivity and Hall conductivity for different strengths of magnetic field. We observe a significant dependence of temperature on electrical and Hall conductivity in the presence of magnetic field.
description: Same as the published version in EPJA
The Impact of New Change in the Rules on the Small and Medium Size Enterprises Listed in Alternative Investment Market of the UK (DC)
Creators: name: Nayyar, Kanika
name: Fallon, Julia
Publisher: name: Cardiff Metropolitan University
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 150301 Business Information Management (incl. Records, Knowledge and Information Management, and Intelligence)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Corporate Governance (CG) is a mechanism that improves the competitive advantage and efficiency of the firm. This concept is highly applicable to large companies (premium listing companies), especially in the UK. Although small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are a great source of economic development (Lukács, 2005), still nominal evidence has been found in the previous literature about the application of corporate governance codes on the SMEs listed in Alternative Investment Market (AIM) in London Stock Exchange (LSE).