cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Towards improved loading, cooling, and trapping of molecules in magneto-optical traps
Creators: name: Langin, Thomas K.
name: DeMille, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent experiments have demonstrated direct cooling and trapping of diatomic and triatomic molecules in magneto-optical traps (MOTs). However, even the best molecular MOTs to date still have density $10^{-5}$ times smaller than in typical atomic MOTs. The main limiting factors are: (i) inefficiencies in slowing molecules to velocities low enough to be captured by the MOT, (ii) low MOT capture velocities, and (iii) limits on density within the MOT resulting from sub-Doppler heating~[J. A. Devlin and M. R. Tarbutt, Phys. Rev. A \textbf{90}, 063415 (2018)]. All of these are consequences of the need to drive `Type-II' optical cycling transitions, where dark states appear in Zeeman sublevels, in order to avoid rotational branching. We present simulations demonstrating ways to mitigate each of these limitations. This should pave the way towards loading molecules into conservative traps with sufficiently high density and number to evaporatively cool them to quantum degeneracy.
The geology and genesis of the Central Zone alkalic copper-gold porphyry deposit, Galore Creek district, northwestern British Columbia, Canada
Creators: name: Micko, Janina
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Located in the Late Triassic Galore Creek alkalic Cu-Au porphyry district in northwestern British Columbia, the Central Zone deposit represents the end-member of the silica-undersaturated class of alkalic porphyry systems. The deposit is hosted by volcano-sedimentary rocks of the Middle to Upper Triassic Stuhini Group that were intruded by a syenite-monzonite complex and hydrothermal breccias. Post-mineral tilt (45 to 60° W-SW) provides an opportunity to examine a vertically extensive depth range of the system, and the impact of host rocks and a redox control on the precipitation of sulfide and silicate alteration minerals. Early mineralization associated with potassic alteration is dominated by gold-bearing chalcopyrite + bornite (Cu:Au ~ 2:1). A second gold-poor mineralization event is associated with calc-potassic alteration and dramatically changes the Cu:Au ratio (5:1) in the core of the Central Zone. In general, greatest Cu-Au concentrations overlap lithological contacts characterized by contrasting ferromagnesian mineral content, thus forming redox gradients. Sulfur isotopic compositions emphasize the importance of fO₂ conditions in ore deposition. Sulfides in highly mineralized centers are characterized by moderately negative δ₃₄Ssulfide values (-10.66‰ to -7.84‰), whereas sulfides deposited distally show highly negative δ₃₄Ssulfide values (-17.13‰ to -4.03‰). These data suggest that the interaction of sulfate-rich (SO₄²-(aq)) fluids with varying amounts of Fe²⁺-bearing minerals in host rocks increased H₂S/SO₄²- leading to formation of reduced S, and precipitation of sulfide minerals. Trace elements such as V and As in host rocks and Eu²⁺ in hydrothermal garnet reflect the same redox influence. Vanadium and As are soluble under highly oxidizing conditions. The shift in oxidation state facilitates their incorporation in alteration minerals. Thus, highest V (>700ppm) and As (>40ppm) concentrations form halos distally to the redox gradients and ore bodies. Hydrothermal garnets near lithologic contacts contain excess Eu²⁺. In contrast to V and As, Eu²⁺ is soluble in reduced fO₂ conditions and precipitates close to the redox gradient. This study demonstrates that redox is the dominant control on ore deposition in the Central Zone. Recognizing redox changes may provide a valuable guide for future exploration in the Galore Creek district and perhaps other alkalic Cu-Au porphyry systems worldwide.
Weyl singularities in polaritonic multi-terminal Josephson junctions
Creators: name: Septembre, Ismaël
name: Meyer, Julia S.
name: Solnyshkov, Dmitry D.
name: Malpuech, Guillaume
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study theoretically analog multi-terminal Josephson junctions formed by gapped superfluids created upon resonant pumping of cavity exciton-polaritons. We study the $p$-like bands of a 5-terminal junction in the 4D parameter space created by the superfluid phases acting as quasi-momenta. We find 4/6 Weyl points in 3D subspaces with preserved/broken time-reversal symmetry. We link the real space topology (vortices) to the parameter space one (Weyl points). We derive an effective Hamiltonian encoding the creation, motion, and annihilation of Weyl nodes in 4D. Our work paves the way to the study of exotic topological phases in a platform allowing direct measurement of eigenstates and band topology.
A novel approach to correcting $T_e$-based mass-metallicity relations
Creators: name: Cameron, Alex J.
name: Katz, Harley
name: Rey, Martin P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Deriving oxygen abundances from the electron temperature (hereafter the $T_e$-method) is the gold-standard for extragalactic metallicity studies. However, unresolved temperature fluctuations within individual HII regions and across different HII regions throughout a galaxy can bias metallicity estimates low, with a magnitude that depends on the underlying and typically unknown temperature distribution. Using a toy model, we confirm that computing $T_e$-based metallicities using the temperature derived from the [O III] $λ$4363/$λ$5007 or [O II] $λλ$7320,7330 / [O II] $λλ$3727 ratio ('ratio temperature'; $T_{\rm ratio}$) results in an underprediction of metallicity when temperature fluctuations are present. In contrast, using the unobservable 'line temperatures' ($T_{\rm line}$) that provide the mean electron and ion density-weighted emissivity yield an accurate metallicity estimate. To correct this bias in low-mass galaxies, we demonstrate an example calibration of a relation between T_ratio and T_line based on a high-resolution (4.5 pc) RAMSES-RTZ simulation of a dwarf galaxy that self-consistently models the formation of multiple HII regions and ion temperature distribution in a galactic context. Applying this correction to the low-mass end of the mass-metallicity relation shifts its normalization up by 0.18 dex on average and flattens its slope from 0.87 to 0.58, highlighting the need for future studies to account for, and correct, this bias.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Epidemics and pandemics in maps – the case of COVID-19
Creators: name: Franz-Benjamin Mocnik
name: Raposo, Paulo
name: Feringa, Wim
name: Menno-Jan Kraak
name: Köbben, Barend
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Epidemics and pandemics are geographical in nature and constitute spatial, temporal, and thematic phenomena across large ranges of scales: local infections with a global spread; short-term decisions by governments and institutions with long-term effects; and diverse effects of the disease on many aspects of our lives. Pandemics pose particular challenges to their visual representation by cartographic means. This article briefly summarizes some of these challenges and outlines ways to approach these. We discuss how to use the information usually available for telling the story of an epidemic, illustrated by the example of the 2019–2020 COVID-19 pandemic. The maps attached to this article demonstrate the discussed cartographic means.
Topological versus rheological entanglement length in primitive path analysis protocols
Creators: name: Everaers, Ralf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Primitive path analysis algorithms are now routinely employed to analyze entanglements in computer simulations of polymeric systems, but different analysis protocols result in different estimates of the entanglement length, N_e. Here we argue that standard PPA measures the rheological entanglement length, typically employed by tube models and relevant to quantitative comparisons with experiment, while codes like Z or CReTA also determine the topological entanglement length. For loosely entangled systems, a simple analogy between between phantom networks and the mesh of entangled primitive paths suggests a factor of two between the two numbers. This result is in excellent agreement with reported values for poly-ethylene, poly-butadiene and bead-spring polymer melts.
description: 3 pages, no figures
Energetics of a Microscopic Feynman Ratchet
Creators: name: Cleuren, Bart
name: Eichhorn, Ralf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A general formalism is derived describing both dynamical and energetic properties of a microscopic Feynman ratchet. Work and heat flows are given as a series expansion in the thermodynamic forces, obtaining analytical expressions for the (non)linear response coefficients. Our results extend previously obtained expressions in the context of a chiral heat pump.
description: 12 pages, 1 figure
Older adult gambling in Oregon: An epidemiological survey
Creators: name: Moore, Thomas L.
Publisher: name: Oregon Gambling Addiction Treatment Foundation
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Gambling -- Oregon
subject: Compulsive gambling -- Oregon
subject: Gambling Literature

description: Permission to archive report in repository granted by Wendy Hausotter, Public Health and Prevention Coordinator, Addictions and Mental Health Division, Problem Gambling Services.
description: This study, conducted in the summer and fall of 2000, was the third in a series of four epidemiological studies commissioned by the Oregon Gambling Addiction Treatment Foundation (OGATF) since it’s founding in 1997. The goal of the first three studies was to establish empirical evidence of gambling behaviors among Oregonians and to estimate the rates of disordered gambling in the state. The objective in providing this empirical evidence was envisioned as creating impetus for statewide, data-based strategic planning to better ensure adequate allocation of resources for prevention, identification, referral, and treatment of disordered gamblers and their families. The fourth study, commissioned simultaneously with this study, was a replication of the original adult prevalence study.
Project instructions. EX1402 leg 2, Gulf of Mexico Mapping, March 19, 2014 - April 4, 2014 .
Creators: name: McKenna, Lindsay A.
Publisher: name: U.S. Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Office of Ocean Exploration and Research.
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Multibeam mapping--Mexico, Gulf of.

description: This document contains project instructions for EX-14-02 LEG 2. EX-14-02 LEG 2 operations are expected to commence on March 19, 2014 at Galveston, TX and conclude on April 4, 2014 at Pascagoula, MS. Multibeam, singlebeam, and sub-bottom mapping operations will be conducted 24 hours a day throughout the cruise
title: Gleichmäßige Windenergie - Flattening the curve
title: Gestaltung von Windkraftanlagen zur Glättung zeitlich fluktuierender Stromproduktion
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Drapalik, Markus
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Windenergie
Windgeschwindigkeit
Schwankung
Erneuerbare Energie
Leistungskennlinie

description: Windkraftanlagen (WKA) spielen bereits jetzt eine wichtige Rolle als erneuerbare Energiequellen für die Stromproduktion. Neben günstigen Eigenschaften der Windkraft gibt es aber auch potenziell problematische Faktoren, wie die über die Zeit fluktuierende Leistungsabgabe je nach meteorologischer Situation, sowohl im Tages- als auch Jahresverlauf. Diese Fluktuationen können die Netzstabilität negativ beeinflussen und damit zusätzliche netzstabilisierende Maßnahmen erfordern.
Österreich hat sich für 2030 das Ziel gesetzt, Strom zu 100% aus erneuerbaren Quellen zu erzeugen (EAG 2021). Um dieses Ziel zu erreichen und gleichzeitig erwartbare Probleme zu minimieren, sind weitere Maßnahmen notwendig, die eine gleichmäßigere Einspeisung von Windstrom ins Netz erlauben.
Whitney tower concordance of classical links
Creators: name: Conant, James
name: Schneiderman, Rob
name: Teichner, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper computes Whitney tower filtrations of classical links. Whitney towers consist of iterated stages of Whitney disks and allow a tree-valued intersection theory, showing that the associated graded quotients of the filtration are finitely generated abelian groups. Twisted Whitney towers are studied and a new quadratic refinement of the intersection theory is introduced, measuring Whitney disk framing obstructions. It is shown that the filtrations are completely classified by Milnor invariants together with new higher-order Sato-Levine and higher-order Arf invariants, which are obstructions to framing a twisted Whitney tower in the 4-ball bounded by a link in the 3-sphere. Applications include computation of the grope filtration, and new geometric characterizations of Milnor's link invariants.
description: Only change is the addition of this comment: This paper subsumes the entire preprint "Geometric Filtrations of Classical Link Concordance" (arXiv:1101.3477v2 [math.GT]) and the first six sections of the preprint "Universal Quadratic Forms and Untwisting Whitney Towers" (arXiv:1101.3480v2 [math.GT])
title: Growth behaviour and mechanical properties of PLL/HA multilayer films studied by AFM
Creators: name: Üzüm, Cagri
name: Hellwig, Johannes
name: Madaboosi, Narayanan
name: Volodkin, Dmitry
name: Klitzing, Regine von
Publisher: name: Beilstein-Institut
Year: 2021

description: Scanning- and colloidal-probe atomic force microscopy were used to study the mechanical properties of poly(L-lysine)/hyaluronan (PLL/HA)n films as a function of indentation velocity and the number of polymer deposition steps n. The film thickness was determined by two independent AFM-based methods: scratch-and-scan and newly developed full-indentation. The advantages and disadvantages of both methods are highlighted, and error minimization techniques in elasticity measurements are addressed. It was found that the film thickness increases linearly with the bilayer number n, ranging between 400 and 7500 nm for n = 12 and 96, respectively. The apparent Young’s modulus E ranges between 15 and 40 kPa and does not depend on the indenter size or the film bilayer number n. Stress relaxation measurements show that PLL/HA films have a viscoelastic behaviour, regardless of their thickness. If indentation is performed several times at the same lateral position on the film, a viscous/plastic deformation takes place.
Dynamics of Confined Monopoles and Similarities with Confined Quarks
Creators: name: Dvali, Gia
name: Valbuena-Bermudez, Juan
name: Zantedeschi, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we study the annihilation of a pair of `t Hooft-Polyakov monopoles due to confinement by a string. We analyze the regime in which the scales of monopoles and strings are comparable. We compute the spectrum of the emitted gravitational waves and find it to agree with the previously calculated point-like case for wavelengths longer than the system width and before the collision. However, we observe that in a head-on collision, monopoles are never re-created. Correspondingly, not even once the string oscillates. Instead, the system decays into waves of Higgs and gauge fields. We explain this phenomenon by the loss of coherence in the annihilation process. Due to this, the entropy suppression makes the recreation of a monopole pair highly improbable. We argue that in a similar regime, analogous behaviour is expected for the heavy quarks connected by a QCD string. There too, instead of re-stretching a long string after the first collapse, the system hadronizes and decays in a high multiplicity of mesons and glueballs. We discuss the implications of our results.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures, video with dynamics at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M4IX2JFVpGk
title: As relações União Europeia – Mercado Comum do Sul
Creators: name: Duarte Prado, Isabella
name: Mendonça Vieira Lopes Tavares, João António de
name: Marques de Oliveira Pontes, João Nuno
name: Ramos Barbosa, João Paulo
name: Pereira Ferreira Dias, João Pedro
name: Sousa Santos, Stefano
Publisher: name: Universidade Lusíada Editora
Year: 2016

description: Lusíada. Política internacional e segurança. - ISSN 1647-1342. - S. 1, n. 13-14 (2016). - p. 39-68.
Family history, childhood maltreatment, and adolescent binge drinking exert synergistic effects on delay discounting and future alcohol use
Creators: name: Liao, Jonathan
name: Allen, J. Hunter
name: Yorke, Mya
name: Boettiger, Charlotte A.
name: Elton, Amanda
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mental Health

description: Background: The transition to college is associated with a sharp increase in alcohol binge drinking. Family history (FH) of alcohol use disorder (AUD), childhood maltreatment (CM), and adolescent binge drinking are each associated with heightened impulsivity and greater alcohol misuse. Objectives: We hypothesized that FH, CM, and adolescent binge drinking synergistically increase impulsivity and lead to binge drinking increases over the first year of college. Methods: Overall, 329 first-semester college students (18–19 years old, 70% female) with varying degrees of FH (Family History Assessment Module), CM (Childhood Trauma Questionnaire), and adolescent binge drinking (Carolina Alcohol Use and Patterns Questionnaire) completed an online study that included a computerized delay discounting task and surveys. Binge drinking was surveyed retrospectively to measure adolescent binge drinking, in addition to baseline and one-year follow-up measures. Linear regression analyses tested the interacting effects of FH, CM, and adolescent binge drinking on delay discounting as well as changes in binge drinking severity between baseline and one-year follow-up. A moderated mediation tested whether delay discounting mediated future binge drinking. Results: Greater levels of FH, CM, and adolescent binge drinking interacted to reduce the selection of delayed rewards (β=-0.12, SE = 0.06), indicating increased impulsivity. There was a similar interaction effect on increased binge drinking over the one-year follow-up period (β = 0.37, SE = 0.13). Although FH, CM, and adolescent binge drinking influenced individual paths, the moderated mediation analysis was not significant. Conclusions: Heritable and environmental risk factors for AUD predicted impulsivity and prospectively predicted college binge drinking. Interventions targeting delay discounting processes may represent an effective strategy to reduce harmful drinking specifically for certain high-risk college students.
Foreign Pleasures: sex in early twentieth-century Chinese Chicago
Creators: name: Xu, Julie Fanghua
Publisher: name: University of Chicago
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Paul Siu
subject: Chinese Americans
subject: sex, gender, & sexuality
subject: ethnicity, race, & racism

description: By examining the little used notes and essays of Paul Siu produced in the 1930s, we find evidence that challenges early images of unassimilable Chinese men and enslaved Chinese women. In early twentieth century Chicago, racial categories for Chinese men were rigid. However, their categorical foreignness did not prevent Chinese men from establishing or buying sexual and/or emotional relationships with white, black, and mixed-race women. The prevalence of these relationships reveals the ways in which the image of the unassimilable eternally foreign Chinese man collapses when interrogating individual intimate relationships. For Chinese women, I argue that within the popular discourse of “white slavery,” the racial category of whiteness became contingent on the conditions of their gender and allowed for Chinese women to be enfolded into whiteness. Prostitution allowed Chinese women to gain some economic freedom while they escaped the harsh conditions of servitude and was a central avenue for Chinese men to form intimate relationships with local women.
Preclinical safety evaluation of low molecular weight galactomannans based standardized fenugreek seeds extract
Creators: name: Deshpande, Pallavi
name: Mohan, Vishwaraman
name: Thakurdesai, Prasad
Publisher: name: IfADo - Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Dortmund
Year: 2016
Subjects: low molecular weight galactomannans
fenugreek seed extract
acute oral toxicity
subchronic toxicity
mutagenicity
OECD guidelines

description: The objective of the present study was to evaluate acute oral toxicity, subchronic toxicity, and mutagenic potential of low molecular weight galactomannans based standardized fenugreek seeds extract (LMWGAL-TF) in laboratory animals rats as per Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) guidelines. For the acute toxicity (AOT) study, LMWGAL-TF was orally administered to Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats at a dose of 2000 mg/kg with vehicle control (VC) group (n = 5 per sex per group) as per OECD guideline no. 423. For the repeated dose toxicity study, the SD rats were orally administered with a daily oral dose of LMWGAL-TF 250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg/day with VC group (n = 15 per sex) for a period of 90 days followed by a recovery period of 28 days as per OECD guideline no. 408. The effects on body weight, food and water consumption, organ weights with hematology, clinical biochemistry, and histology were studied. The mutagenic potential of LMWGAL-TF was tested using reverse mutation assay (AMES test, OECD guideline No. 471). The LMWGAL-TF did not show mortality or treatment-related adverse signs during acute (dose 2000 mg/kg) and subchronic (90-days repeated dose 250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg) administration. The LMWGAL-TF showed oral lethal dose (LD50) more than 2000 mg/kg during AOT study. The dose of 1000 mg/kg was found as no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) in rats during subchronic toxicity study. Furthermore, LMWGAL-TF did not show mutagenic potential in vitro. In conclusion, LMWGAL-TF was found safe during acute and subchronic (90 days repeated dose) toxicity studies in rats with no mutagenicity.
description: EXCLI Journal; 15:Doc446; ISSN 1611-2156
Derivation of an equation of pair correlation function from BBGKY hierarchy in a weakly coupled self gravitating system
Creators: name: Bose, Anirban
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An equation of pair correlation function has been derived from the first two members of BBGKY hierarchy in a weakly coupled inhomogeneous self gravitating system in quasi thermal equilibrium. This work may be useful to study the thermodynamic properties of the central region of a star cluster which is older than a few or more central relaxation time.
Mixing across stable density interfaces in forced stratified turbulence
Creators: name: Couchman, Miles M. P.
name: Kops, Stephen M. de Bruyn
name: Caulfield, Colm-cille P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Understanding how turbulence enhances irreversible scalar mixing in density-stratified fluids is a central problem in geophysical fluid dynamics. While isotropic overturning regions are commonly the focus of mixing analyses, we here investigate whether significant mixing may arise in anisotropic statically-stable regions of the flow. Focusing on a single forced direct numerical simulation of stratified turbulence, we analyze spatial correlations between the vertical density gradient $\partialρ/\partial z$ and the dissipation rates of kinetic energy $ε$ and scalar variance $χ$, the latter quantifying scalar mixing. The domain is characterized by relatively well-mixed density layers separated by sharp stable interfaces that are correlated with high vertical shear. While static instability is most prevalent within the mixed layers, much of the scalar mixing is localized to the intervening interfaces, a phenomenon not apparent if considering local static instability or $ε$ alone. While the majority of the domain is characterized by the canonical flux coefficient $Γ\equivχ/ε=0.2$, often assumed in ocean mixing parameterizations, extreme values of $χ$ within the statically-stable interfaces, associated with elevated $Γ$, strongly skew the bulk statistics. Our findings suggest that current parameterizations of turbulent mixing may be biased by undersampling, such that the most common, but not necessarily the most significant, mixing events are overweighted. Having focused here on a single simulation of stratified turbulence, it is hoped that our results motivate a broader investigation into the role played by stable density interfaces in mixing, across a wider range of parameters and forcing schemes representative of ocean turbulence.
description: 17 pages, 7 figures. Version accepted for publication in the Journal of Fluid Mechanics. DOI link to final typeset version provided
Rymosia ebejeri Chandler & Belqat 2024
Creators: name: El Mouden, Mohamed Amin
name: Chandler, Peter J.
name: Saidoun, Imane
name: Driauach, Ouafaa
name: Belqat, Boutaïna
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Mycetophilidae
Rymosia
Rymosia ebejeri

description: Rymosia ebejeri Chandler & Belqat, 2024
Material examined.
Morocco – Middle Atlas Region • 1 ♂; Gouffre Izora; 19/V/2022; K. Aattouch, M. El Ouahabi and M. A. El Mouden leg; UAE-FST MA 22/24123.
North African distribution.
Morocco (El Mouden et al. 2024).
description: Published as part of El Mouden, Mohamed Amin, Chandler, Peter J., Saidoun, Imane, Driauach, Ouafaa & Belqat, Boutaïna, 2025, A new species of Docosia Winnertz, 1864 and new records of fungus gnats (Diptera, Bolitophilidae, Keroplatidae and Mycetophilidae) from North Africa, pp. 349-379 in ZooKeys 1233 on pages 349-379, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1233.130502
General Theory for Bilayer Stacking Ferroelectricity
Creators: name: Ji, Junyi
name: Xu, Changsong
name: Xiang, H. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two-dimensional (2D) ferroelectrics, which is rare in nature, enable high-density non-volatile memory with low energy consumption. Here, we propose a theory of bilayer stacking ferroelectricity (BSF), in which, two stacked layers of the same 2D material, with different rotation and translation, exhibits ferroelectricity. By performing systematic group theory analysis, we find out all the possible BSF in all the 80 layer groups (LGs) and discover the rules about the creation and annihilation of symmetries in the bilayer. Our general theory can not only explain all the previous findings (including sliding ferroelectricity), but also provide new perspective. Interestingly, the direction of the electric polarization of the bilayer could be totally different from that of the single layer. In particular, the bilayer could become ferroelectric after properly stacking two centrosymmetric non-polar monolayers. By means of first-principles simulations, we demonstrate that the ferroelectricity and thus multiferroicity can be introduced to the prototypical 2D ferromagnetic centrosymmetric material CrI3 by stacking. Furthermore, we find that the out-of-plane electric polarization in bilayer CrI3 is interlocked with the in-plane electric polarization, suggesting that the out-of-plane polarization can be manipulated in a deterministic way through the application of an in-plane electric field. The present BSF theory lays a solid foundation for designing a large number of bilayer ferroelectrics and thus colorful platforms for fundamental studies and applications.
description: 18 pages, 2 figures
The social costs of gambling in Wisconsin
Creators: name: Thompson, William N.
name: Gazel, Ricardo
name: Rickman, Dan
Publisher: name: Wisconsin Policy Research Institute
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Gambling -- Social aspects -- Wisconsin
subject: Gambling -- Wisconsin
subject: Compulsive gambling -- Social aspects -- Wisconsin
subject: Compulsive gambling -- Wisconsin
subject: Gambling Literature

description: Permission granted to archive report in repository by Michael Ford, Wisconsin Policy Research Institute.
description: A random survey of 1,000 Wisconsin adults revealed that 0.90% were serious problem gamblers. This represents 32,425 residents in the state. The survey results led to conclusions that 0.38% of Wisconsin adults were serious problem gamblers because of the presence of Native American casinos in the state. This represents 13,691 persons.
Dominant Energy Condition and dissipative fluids in general relativity
Creators: name: Faraoni, Valerio
name: Mokkedem, El Mokhtar Z. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Existing literature implements the Dominant Energy Condition for dissipative fluids in general relativity. It is pointed out that this condition fails to forbid superluminal flows, which is what it is ultimately supposed to do. Tilted perfect fluids, which formally have the stress-energy tensor of imperfect fluids, are discussed for comparison.
description: Corrected typographical error in Eq. (31). Matches the version to appear in Gen. Relativ. Gravit
Open-label study of consecutive ibogaine and 5-MeO-DMT assisted-therapy for trauma-exposed male Special Operations Forces Veterans: prospective data from a clinical program in Mexico
Creators: name: Davis, Alan Kooi
name: Xin, Yitong
name: Sepeda, Nathan
name: Averill, Lynnette A.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: Medicine
Neuroscience
Pharmacology
Biotechnology
Cancer
Mental Health
Computational Biology

description: Background: Research in psychedelic medicine has focused primarily on civilian populations. Further study is needed to understand whether these treatments are effective for Veteran populations. Objectives: Here, we examine the effectiveness of psychedelic-assisted therapy among trauma-exposed Special Operations Forces Veterans (SOFV) seeking treatment for cognitive and mental health problems in Mexico. Methods: Data were collected from an ibogaine and 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT) clinical treatment program for SOFV with a history of trauma exposure. This clinical program collects prospective clinical program evaluation data, such as background characteristics, symptom severity, functioning (e.g., satisfaction with life, posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms, depression symptoms, anxiety symptoms, sleep disturbance, psychological flexibility, disability in functioning, cognitive functioning, neurobehavioral symptoms, anger, suicidal ideation), and substance persisting/enduring effects through online surveys at four timepoints (baseline/pre-treatment, one-, three-, and six-months after treatment). Results: The majority of the sample (n = 86; Mean Age = 42.88, SD = 7.88) were Caucasian (87.2%), non-Hispanic (89.5%), and males (100%). There were significant and large improvements in self-reported PTSD symptoms (p < .001, d = .414), depression (p < .001, d = .275), anxiety (p < .001, d = .276), insomnia severity (p < .001, d = .351), and post-concussive symptoms (p < .001, d = .389) as well as self-reported satisfaction with life (p < .001, d = .371), psychological flexibility (p < .001, d = .313) and cognitive functioning (p < .001, d = .265) from baseline to one-month follow-up. Conclusions: Data suggest combined ibogaine and 5-MeO-DMT assisted therapy has potential to provide rapid and robust changes in mental health functioning with a signal of durable therapeutic effects up to 6-months. Future research in controlled settings is warranted.
The Void Galaxy Survey: Optical Properties and H I Morphology and Kinematics
Creators: name: Kreckel, K.
name: Platen, E.
name: Aragón-Calvo, M. A.
name: van Gorkom, J. H.
name: van de Weygaert, R.
name: van der Hulst, J. M.
name: Beygu, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have carefully selected a sample of 60 galaxies that reside in the deepest underdensities of geometrically identified voids within the SDSS. HI imaging of 55 galaxies with the WSRT reveals morphological and kinematic signatures of ongoing interactions and gas accretion. We probe a total volume of 485 Mpc^3 within the voids, with an angular resolution of 8 kpc at an average distance of 85 Mpc. We reach column density sensitivities of 5 x 10^19 cm^-2, corresponding to an HI mass limit of 3 x 10^8 M_sun. We detect HI in 41 galaxies, with total masses ranging from 1.7 x 10^8 to 5.5 x 10^9 M_sun. The upper limits on the 14 non-detections are not inconsistent with their luminosities, given their expected HI mass to light ratios. We find that the void galaxies are generally gas rich, low luminosity, blue disk galaxies, with optical and HI properties that are not unusual for their luminosity and morphology. The sample spans a range of absolute magnitudes (-16.1 > M_r > -20.4) and colors (0.06 < g-r < 0.87), and includes disk and irregular galaxies. We also identify three as early type galaxies, all of which are not detected in HI. All galaxies have stellar masses less than 3 x 10^10 M_sun, and many have kinematic and morphological signs of ongoing gas accretion, suggesting that the void galaxy population is still in the process of assembling. The small scale clustering in the void, within 600 kpc and 200 km/s, is similar to that in higher density regions, and we identify 18 HI rich neighboring galaxies in the voids. Most are within 100 kpc and 100 km/s of the targeted galaxy, and we find no significant population of HI rich low luminosity galaxies filling the voids, contrary to what is predicted by simulations.
description: 34 pages, 33 figures (including Atlas in Appendix), accepted for publication in AJ
Thermodynamics of the spin square
Creators: name: Schmidt, Heinz-Jürgen
name: Schröder, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Small spin systems at the interface between analytical studies and experimental application have been intensively studied in recent decades. The spin ring consisting of four spins with uniform antiferromagnetic Heisenberg interaction is an example of a completely integrable system, in the double sense: quantum mechanical and classical. However, this does not automatically imply that the thermodynamic quantities of the classical system can also be calculated explicitly. In this work, we derive analytical expressions for the density of states, the partition function, specific heat, entropy, and susceptibility. These theoretical results are confirmed by numerical tests. This allows us to compare the quantum mechanical quantities for increasing spin quantum numbers $s$ with their classical counterparts in the classical limit $s\to \infty$. As expected, a good agreement is obtained, except for the low temperature region. However, this region shrinks with increasing $s$, so that the classical state variables emerge as envelopes of the quantum mechanical ones.
Effects of Mountaintop Removal Mining on Population Dynamics of Stream Salamanders
Creators: name: Freytag, Sara B.
Publisher: name: University of Kentucky
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Environmental Monitoring
subject: Forest Biology
subject: Natural Resources and Conservation
subject: Population Biology
subject: Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology

description: Mountaintop removal mining (MTR) is a notorious stressor of stream ecosystems in the Central Appalachians. Valley fills (VF) lead to reduced occupancy, abundance, and species richness of stream salamanders. Multiple factors may be responsible for these reductions, but specifically habitat fragmentation and degradation may reduce colonization rates and increase local extinction rates. From 2013-2015, repeated counts of salamanders were conducted in stream reaches impacted by MTR/VF and compared to counts in reference reaches to answer the question: do stream salamander population dynamics differ between stream reaches impacted by MTR/VF and reference stream reaches? I also investigated dynamics of stream habitat using measures relevant to stream salamander persistence. Accordingly, I examined number of cover objects, percent detritus, hydroperiod, and specific conductance. From the salamander capture data, colonization and survival probabilities were lower in MTR/VF reaches than reference reaches. MTR/VF reaches also had fewer cover objects, higher percent detritus, constant stream flow, and elevated specific conductance. Although specific conductance was increased in MTR/VF reaches, it was not strongly correlated with colonization and survival. I suggest reduced rates of colonization and survival in MTR/VF stream reaches are driven by inhibited dispersal and reduced individual survival due to degraded terrestrial and aquatic environments.
Microbiology and geochemistry of neutral pH waste rock from the Antamina mine, Peru
Creators: name: Dockrey, John William
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The microbial populations of waste rock piles and field cells producing neutral pH drainage at the Antamina mine were characterized to better understand processes which affect current and future drainage quality. Naturally weathered waste rock samples were collected and examined using a variety of high resolution imaging, geochemical, mineralogical, and microbiological techniques. Despite the relatively young age of the waste rock piles (1.5 years), populations dominated by neutrophilic sulfur oxidizers as large as 10⁸ bacteria per gram were found. An exponential relationship was found between the size of microbial communities and the contemporary sulfate loadings. These results indicate that the microbial populations rapidly grow to reach a mass which is proportional to the rate of substrate release, and then decrease as the host rocks reactivity diminishes. One sample from a field cell producing pH 6.2 drainage had a mixed population of neutrophiles and acidophiles capable of both S⁰ and Fe²⁺ oxidation. A mini-column study was conducted to determine the catalytic effect of microbiology in various rock types. No catalysis was identified in the sulfur concentrations of most mini-column series, with the exception of the one mini-column series constructed of material containing acidophilic S⁰ and Fe²⁺ oxidizing bacteria, which demonstrated strong microbial catalysis. It was also determined that concentrations of Mo as low as 10mg/l were toxic to these acidophilic bacteria, and dissolved Mo may inhibit the establishment of these geochemically important bacteria. A massive sulfide from this material was thoroughly examined using high resolution imaging techniques. Biofilms of bacteria were found upon and within a porous schwertmannite precipitate. The mixed population of neutrophilic and acidophilic bacteria and circumneutral drainage pH implies that the bacteria are living in acidic microenvironments surrounding sulfide minerals in which ferric iron leaching can take place. The large microbial populations and the close correlation between geochemistry and biology described in this study, emphasize the importance of biological processes in determining current and future drainage quality emanating from the mine waste.
A Latent Variable Approach for Non-Hierarchical Multi-Fidelity Adaptive Sampling
Creators: name: Chen, Yi-Ping
name: Wang, Liwei
name: Comlek, Yigitcan
name: Chen, Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Multi-fidelity (MF) methods are gaining popularity for enhancing surrogate modeling and design optimization by incorporating data from various low-fidelity (LF) models. While most existing MF methods assume a fixed dataset, adaptive sampling methods that dynamically allocate resources among fidelity models can achieve higher efficiency in the exploring and exploiting the design space. However, most existing MF methods rely on the hierarchical assumption of fidelity levels or fail to capture the intercorrelation between multiple fidelity levels and utilize it to quantify the value of the future samples and navigate the adaptive sampling. To address this hurdle, we propose a framework hinged on a latent embedding for different fidelity models and the associated pre-posterior analysis to explicitly utilize their correlation for adaptive sampling. In this framework, each infill sampling iteration includes two steps: We first identify the location of interest with the greatest potential improvement using the high-fidelity (HF) model, then we search for the next sample across all fidelity levels that maximize the improvement per unit cost at the location identified in the first step. This is made possible by a single Latent Variable Gaussian Process (LVGP) model that maps different fidelity models into an interpretable latent space to capture their correlations without assuming hierarchical fidelity levels. The LVGP enables us to assess how LF sampling candidates will affect HF response with pre-posterior analysis and determine the next sample with the best benefit-to-cost ratio. Through test cases, we demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms the benchmark methods in both MF global fitting (GF) and Bayesian Optimization (BO) problems in convergence rate and robustness. Moreover, the method offers the flexibility to switch between GF and BO by simply changing the acquisition function.
Heterotic Kink Solitons and their Worldvolume Action
Creators: name: Ovrut, Burt A.
name: Stokes, James
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a formalism for computing the higher-order corrections to the worldvolume action of a co-dimension one kink soliton embedded in five-dimensional heterotic M-theory. The geometry of heterotic M-theory, as well as the effective theory which describes a five-brane wrapping a holomorphic curve by a topological kink in a scalar field, is reviewed. Using this formalism, the explicit worldvolume action is computed to second order in two expansion parameters--one describing the "warp" of the heterotic geometry and the second the fluctuation length of the soliton hypersurface. The result is expressed in terms of the trace of the extrinsic curvature and the intrinsic curvature scalar.
description: 37 pages, 4 figures
Many leveled ordinal models for frequency of alcohol and drug use
Creators: name: Chambers, Mark S.
name: Drovandi, Christopher
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Mental Health

description: Background: The numbers of days people consume alcohol and other drugs over a fixed interval, such as 28 days, are often collected in surveys of substance use. The presence of an upper bound on these variables can result in response distributions with “ceiling effects.” Also, if some peoples’ substance use behaviors are characterized by weekly patterns of use, summaries of substance days-of-use over longer periods can exhibit multiple modes. Objective: To highlight advantages of ordinal models with a separate level for each distinct survey response, for bounded, and potentially multimodal, count data. Methods: We fitted a Bayesian proportional odds ordinal model to longitudinal cannabis days-of-use reported by 443 individuals who used illicit drugs (206 female, 214 male, 23 non-binary). We specified an ordinal level for each unique response to allow the exact numeric distribution implied by the predicted ordinal response to be inferred. We then compared the fit of the proportional odds model with binomial, negative binomial, hurdle negative binomial and beta-binomial models. Results: Posterior predictive checks and the leave one out information criterion both suggested that the proportional odds model gave a better fit to the cannabis days-of-use data than the other models. Cannabis use among the target population declined during the COVID-19 pandemic in Australia, with the odds of a member of the population exceeding any specified frequency of cannabis use in Wave 4 estimated to be 73% lower than in Wave 1 (median odds ratio 0.27, 90% credible interval 0.19, 0.38). Conclusion: Ordinal models can be suitable for complex count data.
Gambling and problem gambling in North Dakota / by Rachel A. Volberg & Eric Silver with Precision Marketing Inc.
Creators: name: Volberg, Rachel A.
name: Silver, Eric
name: Precision Marketing, Inc.
Publisher: name: Gemini Research
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: Compulsive gambling -- North Dakota
subject: Compulsive gambling -- Treatment -- North Dakota
subject: Gambling -- North Dakota
subject: Gambling Literature

description: Permission to archive report in repository granted by Rachel Volberg, Gemini Research.
description: This report presents the findings of a state-wide survey of gambling involvement and problem gambling in North Dakota. A random sample of adult residents aged 18 and over (N = 1,517) was interviewed in November and December of 1992 about the types of gambling in which they participate, the amounts of money they spend on gambling, and about problems related to their gambling. The results of this survey provide a benchmark for future assessments of gambling involvement and problem gambling in North Dakota as well as a foundation for policy making and service planning for individuals who experience problems related to their gambling.
Unified treatment of resonant and non-resonant mechanisms in dissociative recombination: benchmark study of CH$^+$
Creators: name: Forer, Joshua
name: Hvizdoš, Dávid
name: Jiang, Xianwu
name: Ayouz, Mehdi
name: Greene, Chris H.
name: Kokoouline, Viatcheslav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The theoretical approach developed here treats uniformly the direct and indirect mechanisms of dissociative recombination (DR) in a diatomic ion. The present theory is based on electron scattering calculations performed at several internuclear distances in the molecule. It is easy to implement becaus there is no need to separately evaluate couplings and the bound dissociative states of the neutral molecule. The theory can be applied to molecular ions with or without electronic resonances at low energies. The approach is applied to compute the DR cross section in electron-CH$^+$ collisions. The computed cross section agrees generally well with recent state-resolved data from a cryogenic storage-ring experiment, which validates the approach.