cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Adaptive Lossy Compression of Complex Environmental Indices Using Seasonal Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving Average Models
Creators: name: Cayoglu, Ugur
name: Braesicke, Peter
name: Kerzenmacher, Tobias
name: Meyer, Jörg
name: Streit, Achim
Publisher: name: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Year: 2017

description: Significant increases in computational resources have enabled the development of more complex and spatially better resolved weather and climate models. As a result the amount of output generated by data assimilation systems and by weather and climate simulations is rapidly increasing e.g. due to higher spatial resolution, more realisations and higher frequency data. However, while compute performance has increased significantly because of better scaling program code and increasing number of cores the storage capacity is only increasing slowly. One way to tackle the data storage problem is data compression. Here, we build the groundwork for an environmental data compressor by improving compression for established weather and climate indices like El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO), North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and Quasi-Biennial Oscillation (QBO). We investigate options for compressing these indices by using a statistical method based on the Auto Regressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) model. The introduced adaptive approach shows that it is possible to improve accuracy of lossily compressed data by applying an adaptive compression method which preserves selected data with higher precision. Our analysis reveals no potential for lossless compression of these indices. However, as the ARIMA model is able to capture all relevant temporal variability, lossless compression is not necessary and lossy compression is acceptable. The reconstruction based on the lossily compressed data can reproduce the chosen indices to such a high degree that statistically relevant information needed for describing climate dynamics is preserved. The performance of the (seasonal) ARIMA model was tested with daily and monthly indices.
AN ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF IMPACT OF WEATHER INDEX-BASED CROP INSURANCE ON HOUSEHOLD INCOME IN HUYE DISTRICT OF RWANDA
Creators: name: Ashimwe, Olive
name: Ashimwe, Olive
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: Consumer/Household Economics
Environmental Economics and Policy

description: Agriculture remains a major source of livelihood in Rwanda. However, the sector is faced by many covariate risks. A major component of covariate risk in Rwandan agriculture is weather-related production risk. Weather index-based crop insurance is one tool used to improve risk management practices in many drought-prone countries including Rwanda. Despite the existence of crop insurance as a mechanism to mitigate weather-related losses, its impact on household income in Rwanda remains unknown. This study assessed the impact of farmer participation in a crop insurance scheme on household income in Huye District. A multi-stage random sampling strategy was used to collect primary data using a semi-structured questionnaire administered to a sample of 246 households. Descriptive statistics were used to characterize the patterns of farmer participation and uptake of crop insurance in the study area. Propensity score matching (PSM) was then used to assess the impact of farmer participation in crop insurance on household income. This involved an analysis of factors influencing farmer participation in the insurance scheme using a logit model. The results of the logit model showed that cooperative membership (p=0.001), use of irrigation (p=0.060), crop diversification (p=0.001), years of experience with crop insurance (p=0.000), distance to a paved road (p=0.01), and wealthy category (p=0.004) significantly influenced farmer participation in the crop insurance in Huye District. The Nearest Neighbor Matching, Radius Matching and Kernel-Based Matching algorithms showed that the matching process was justified among participants and non-participants in the insurance scheme. An average treatment effect of US$100 was found as the difference between participant and non-participant household income. This shows that the weather index-based insurance had a positive impact on participants’ incomes in Huye District. Accordingly, the study recommends the promotion of the crop insurance among non-participants through educational and awareness campaigns by the Ministry of Agriculture and insurance companies. The government of Rwanda in partnership with Rwanda Cooperative Agency should persuade more farmers to join cooperatives through regular and targeted campaigns.
description: A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Award of a Master of Science degree in Agricultural and Applied Economics, University of Nairobi. Advisors: Dr. Patrick Irungu, Prof. Rose A. Nyikal
Frequency-independent effective rest mass of photons in the 2TDLM model
Creators: name: Shen, Jian-Qi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A physically interesting {\it effective rest mass} of photons in electromagnetic media, which is independent of wave frequency $ω$, is defined in the present paper. It is verified that this frequency-independent effective rest mass of photons can be easily read off from the optical refractive index squared $n^{2}(ω) $ of commonly-seen electromagnetic media. As an illustrative example, we extract the frequency-independent effective rest mass of photons from $n^{2}(ω) $ in the {\it two time derivative Lorentz material} (2TDLM) model. The connection between effective rest mass and electromagnetic parameters of electric permittivity ($ε$) and magnetic permeability ($μ$) in left-handed media is also briefly discussed.
description: 8 pages, no figures, Latex
A Problem in Human Dynamics: Modelling the Population Density of a Social Space
Creators: name: Levene, Mark
name: Fenner, Trevor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Human dynamics and sociophysics suggest statistical models that may explain and provide us with better insight into social phenomena. Here we tackle the problem of determining the distribution of the population density of a social space over time by modelling the dynamics of agents entering and exiting the space as a birth-death process. We show that, for a simple agent-based model in which the probabilities of entering and exiting the space depends on the number of agents currently present in the space, the population density of the space follows a gamma distribution. We also provide empirical evidence supporting the validity of the model by applying it to a data set of occupancy traces of a common space in an office building.
description: 18 pages, 5 figures. This is a pre-print of an article published in Journal of Building Performance Simulation. The final authenticated version is available online at: this https https://doi.org/10.1080/19401493.2019.1704062
title: Destined to Fail? Why Do UN Integrated Missions Under-Perform?
Creators: name: Vallings, Claire
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2015

description: UN integrated missions are frequently perceived as under-performing. This causes widespread frustration amongst UN staff, potentially wastes resources of UN member states, and arguably means that the international community is failing in its commitments to safeguard international peace and security. Using an analytical framework adapted from inter-organisational relations theory consisting of power dependency, resource dependency, environmental constraints and organisational learning, this thesis answers the question: why do UN integrated missions under-perform? The research examines two integrated mission case studies in depth, in Kosovo and the Democratic Republic of the Congo. A combination of research methods was used, including literature review, fieldwork, semi-structured interviews, observation, and document analysis. The research finds that there are political and administrative reasons why integrated missions under-perform. It also finds that there is limited organisational learning within the UN system which further prevents the improvement of integrated mission performance. Whilst staff in the integrated missions studied learn operational lessons and are able to make small-scale changes, wider, more fundamental change in how the UN carries out integrated missions does not occur. The obstacles lie in the role of UN member state interests overriding concern for quality of integrated mission performance, as well as in the administrative procedures of UN functioning. The UN is therefore institutionally prevented from implementing the lessons of its integrated mission experience. Integrated missions are not destined to fail but are instead destined only ever to under-perform.
Proof of dispersion relations for the amplitude in theories with a compactified space dimension
Creators: name: Maharana, Jnanadeva
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The analyticity properties of the scattering amplitude in the nonforward direction are investigated for a field theory in the manifold $\mathbb{R}^{3,1}\times S^1$. A scalar field theory of mass $m_0$ is considered in $D = 5$ Minkowski space to start with. Subsequently, one spatial dimension is compactified to a circle. The mass spectrum of the resulting theory is: (a) a massive scalar of mass, $m_0$, same as the original five dimensional theory and (b) a tower of massive Kaluza-Klein states. We derive nonforward dispersion relations for scattering of the excited Kaluza-Klein states in the Lehmann-Symanzik-Zimmermann formulation of the theory. In order to accomplish this object, first we generalize the Jost-Lehmann-Dyson theorem for a relativistic field theory with a compact spatial dimension. Next, we show the existence of the Lehmann-Martin ellipse inside which the partial wave expansion converges. It is proved that the scattering amplitude satisfies fixed-$t$ dispersion relations when $|t|$ lies within the Lehmann-Martin ellipse.
description: 33 pages. No figures. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1810.11275
Asymptotic Capture-Number and Island-Size Distributions for One-Dimensional Irreversible Submonolayer Growth
Creators: name: Amar, J. G.
name: Popescu, M. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using a set of evolution equations [J.G. Amar {\it et al}, Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 86}, 3092 (2001)] for the average gap-size between islands, we calculate analytically the asymptotic scaled capture-number distribution (CND) for one-dimensional irreversible submonolayer growth of point islands. The predicted asymptotic CND is in reasonably good agreement with kinetic Monte-Carlo (KMC) results and leads to a \textit{non-divergent asymptotic} scaled island-size distribution (ISD). We then show that a slight modification of our analytical form leads to an analytic expression for the asymptotic CND and a resulting asymptotic ISD which are in excellent agreement with KMC simulations. We also show that in the asymptotic limit the self-averaging property of the capture zones holds exactly while the asymptotic scaled gap distribution is equal to the scaled CND.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure, submitted to Phys. Rev. B
Algebra of dimension theory
Creators: name: Dydak, Jerzy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: General Topology (math.GN)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The dimension algebra of graded groups is introduced. With the help of known geometric results of extension theory that algebra induces all known results of the cohomological dimension theory. Elements of the algebra are equivalence classes $\dim(A)$ of graded groups $A$. There are two geometric interpretations of those equivalence classes: \linebreak 1. For pointed CW complexes $K$ and $L$, $\dim(H_\ast(K))=\dim(H_\ast(L))$ if and only if the infinite symmetric products $SP(K)$ and $SP(L)$ are of the same extension type (i.e., $SP(K)\in AE(X)$ iff $SP(L)\in AE(X)$ for all compact $X$). \linebreak 2. For pointed compact spaces $X$ and $Y$, $\dim(\cal H^{-\ast}(X))=\dim(\cal H^{-\ast}(Y))$ if and only if $X$ and $Y$ are of the same dimension type (i.e., $\dim_G(X)=\dim_G(Y)$ for all Abelian groups $G$). Dranishnikov's version of Hurewicz Theorem in extension theory becomes $\dim(π_\ast(K))=\dim(H_\ast(K))$ for all simply connected $K$. The concept of cohomological dimension $\dim_A(X)$ of a pointed compact space $X$ with respect to a graded group $A$ is introduced. It turns out $\dim_A(X)\leq 0$ iff $\dim_{A(n)}(X)\leq n$ for all $n\in\Z$. If $A$ and $B$ are two positive graded groups, then $\dim(A)=\dim(B)$ if and only if $\dim_A(X)=\dim_B(X)$ for all compact $X$.
description: To appear in TAMS
title: Evaluating Transnational Advocacy Networks (TANs): The Case of Jubilee 2000 Campaign (J2K)
Creators: name: Omwenyeke, Sunday Erokpaidamwen
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2015

description: This thesis deploys the Jubilee 2000 Campaign (J2K) to enhance our knowledge of transnational collective actions (TCAs). It contends that the major collective action theories are inadequate for explaining the emergence of J2K because of their inherent limitations and that the emergence of J2K was underpinned by the principles of ‘cutting the diamond’ of debt which included robust research, critical analysis and broad framing. This enabled the J2K to deconstruct the perceived arcane nature and complexity of debt and international finance, name debt a crisis, and reframe it as a justice based issue. The thesis argues that it is problematic to cast outcomes in definitive and conclusive terms due to the problem of causal complexity and that evaluating TCAs mainly in the binary of ‘success’ or ‘failure’ does not advance our knowledge of TCAs. For this reason, evaluation is better conducted in terms of outcomes before a judgement could be made in terms of success or failure of a collective action vis-a-vis its aims. The thesis finds that the J2K was successful in its mobilisation and education of the public for debt cancellation. It achieved sensitising impacts because it was able to mobilise and socialise the relevant target actors to accept the debt situation as a crisis and it politicised and mainstreamed the issue in a political context where virtually all the target actors disputed that judgement. Further, the thesis finds evidence that the J2K achieved procedural and substantive impacts as it gained access to its targets and elicited policy changes that resulted in partial debt cancellation. A legacy of the J2K the thesis contends is that it reinforced aspects of the governance regime of international financial institutions and further exposes the North-South divide. This thesis concludes that the categorisation of TCAs has intrinsic political meaning and that various groups’ agendas and the way TCAs emerge may help explain why TCA outcomes are controversial. It finds that J2K emergence could best be explained by a combination of the core contentions of the major collective action theories, and organisational platform is deemed a major distinguishing factor of TANs.
The 2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey: Hierarchical galaxy clustering
Creators: name: Baugh, C. M.
name: Croton, D. J.
name: Gaztanaga, E.
name: Norberg, P.
name: Colless, M.
name: Baldry, I. K.
name: Bland-Hawthorn, J.
name: Bridges, T.
name: Cannon, R.
name: Cole, S.
name: Collins, C.
name: Couch, W.
name: Dalton, G.
name: De Propris, R.
name: Driver, S. P.
name: Efstathiou, G.
name: Ellis, R. S.
name: Frenk, C. S.
name: Glazebrook, K.
name: Jackson, C.
name: Lahav, O.
name: Lewis, I.
name: Lumsden, S.
name: Maddox, S.
name: Madgwick, D.
name: Peacock, J. A.
name: Peterson, B. A.
name: Sutherland, W.
name: Taylor, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the two-degree field Galaxy Redshift Survey (2dFGRS) to test the hierarchical scaling hypothesis: namely, that the $p$-point galaxy correlation functions can be written in terms of the two point correlation function or variance. This scaling is expected if an initially Gaussian distribution of density fluctuations evolves under the action of gravitational instability. We measure the volume averaged $p$-point correlation functions using a counts in cells technique applied to a volume limited sample of 44,931 $L_*$ galaxies. We demonstrate that $L_{*}$ galaxies display hierarchical clustering up to order $p=6$ in redshift space. The variance measured for $L_{*}$ galaxies is in excellent agreement with the predictions from a $Λ$-cold dark matter N-body simulation. This applies to all cell radii considered, $0.3
description: 5 pages, 4 figures. Slight revisions to match version published in MNRAS
Additional file 1 of Causative factors of liver fibrosis in HIV-infected patients. A single center study
Creators: name: Androutsakos, Theodoros
name: Schina, Maria
name: Pouliakis, Abraham
name: Kontos, Athanasios
name: Sipsas, Nikolaos
name: Hatzis, Gregorios
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1.
To be Tough or Soft: Measuring the Impact of Counter-Ad-blocking Strategies on User Engagement
Creators: name: Zhao, Shuai
name: Kalra, Achir
name: Borcea, Cristian
name: Chen, Yi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The fast growing ad-blocker usage results in large revenue decrease for ad-supported online websites. Facing this problem, many online publishers choose either to cooperate with ad-blocker software companies to show acceptable ads or to build a wall that requires users to whitelist the site for content access. However, there is lack of studies on the impact of these two counter-ad-blocking strategies on user behaviors. To address this issue, we conduct a randomized field experiment on the website of Forbes Media, a major US media publisher. The ad-blocker users are divided into a treatment group, which receives the wall strategy, and a control group, which receives the acceptable ads strategy. We utilize the difference-in-differences method to estimate the causal effects. Our study shows that the wall strategy has an overall negative impact on user engagements. However, it has no statistically significant effect on high-engaged users as they would view the pages no matter what strategy is used. It has a big impact on low-engaged users, who have no loyalty to the site. Our study also shows that revisiting behavior decreases over time, but the ratio of session whitelisting increases over time as the remaining users have relatively high loyalty and high engagement. The paper concludes with discussions of managerial insights for publishers when determining counter-ad-blocking strategies.
description: In Proceedings of The Web Conference 2020 (WWW 20)
IMPACT OF AGRICULTURAL EXPORTS ON ECONOMIC GROWTH IN ETHIOPIA: THE CASE OF COFFEE, OILSEED AND PULSES
Creators: name: Yifru, Tigist
name: Yifru, Tigist
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
International Relations/Trade

description: More than 80 percent of the population in Ethiopia lives in rural areas and their main source of income is agriculture. Agriculture accounts for 45 percent of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and employs 85 percent of the labour force.Export of agricultural products constitutes 86 percent of the total foreign exchange earnings. The country has taken different measures to diversify and increase the contribution of the export sector to economic growth such as; export trade duty incentive scheme, export credit guarantee scheme and foreign exchange retention scheme to those wholly engaged in supplying their products to foreign markets. Despite the incentives taken by the country, the export sector has depended on a few agricultural products mainly coffee, oil seeds and pulses which are characterized by fluctuations in quantity, price and have low competitiveness on the world market. The objective of the study was to assess the trend and impact of agricultural (coffee, oilseed and pulses) exports on economic growth of Ethiopia over the last forty years by looking at: the existence of long run relationship between agricultural export and economic growth; the speed of adjustment in the long run and the existence of causality between the agricultural export and economic growth. The analysis was done using co-integration model, Error correction model and Granger causality model.The findings of the study showed that Coffee export and oilseeds export have a positive and significant relationship with economic growth. While, pulses export was found to have negative and insignificant effect on economic growth in short run and positive but insignificant in the long run. On the other hand the causality relationship found that there is bi-directional relationship between coffee export, oilseed export and economic growth whereas unidirectional relationship was found between pulses export and economic growth. Based on the findings, it is recommended that policies aimed at increasing the productivity and quality of these cash crops should be implemented. Also additional value should be added to them before exporting. Correspondingly, there is also a need to devote resources on the production of non-export goods in order to increase exports since they have bi-directional relationship. When this is done, it will lead to a higher rate of economic growth in Ethiopia.
description: A Thesis Submitted to the Graduate School in partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Award of the Masters of Science Degree in Agricultural and Applied Economics of Egerton University. Advisors: Prof. Job Kibiwot Lagat, Dr. Delessa Daba
Orbital ingredients for cooking X-structures in edge-on galaxies
Creators: name: Parul, Hanna D.
name: Smirnov, Anton A.
name: Sotnikova, Natalia Ya.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: X-structures are often observed in galaxies hosting the so-called B/PS (boxy/peanuts) bulges and are visible from the edge-on view. They are the most notable features of B/PS bulges and appear as four rays protruding from the disk of the host galaxy and distinguishable against the B/PS bulge background. In some works their origin is thought to be connected with the so-called banana-shaped orbits with a vertical resonance 2:1. A star in such an orbit performs two oscillations in the vertical direction per one revolution in the bar frame. Several recent studies that analyzed ensembles of orbits arising in different $N$-body models do not confirm the dominance of the resonant 2:1 orbits in X-structures. In our work we analyze two $N$-body models and show how the X-structure in our models is gradually assembled from the center to the periphery from orbits with less than 2:1 frequency ratio. The most number of such orbits is enclosed in a 'farfalle'-shape (Italian pasta) form and turns out to be non-periodic. We conclude that the X-structure is only the envelope of regions of high density caused by the crossing or folding of different types of orbits at their highest points, and does not have a "backbone" similar to that of the in-plane bar. Comparing the orbital structure of two different numerical models, we show that the dominance of one or another family of orbits with a certain ratio of the vertical oscillations frequency to the in-plane frequency depends on the parameters of the underlying galaxy and ultimately determines the morphology of the X-structure and the opening angle of its rays.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ
Halacarellus fontinalis Bartsch & Gerecke 2011
Creators: name: Chatterjee, Tapas
name: Durucan, Furkan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Trombidiformes
Halacaridae
Halacarellus
Halacarellus fontinalis

description: Halacarellus fontinalis Bartsch & Gerecke, 2011
 Record from more than  900 m a.s.l. altitudes: Austria —  Gesäuse National Park, Pfarreralm, 1308 m a.s.l. (Bartsch and Gerecke 2011).
 Remarks: This species was recorded only from its type locality. Bartsch and Gerecke (2011) opined that Halacarellus fontinalis and H. hyrcanus most likely got adapted to freshwater in late tertiary, within past 15 million years.
description: Published as part of Chatterjee, Tapas & Durucan, Furkan, 2021, A checklist of halacarid mites (Acari, Halacaridae) found from more than 900 m a. s. l. altitudes, pp. 29-40 in Persian Journal of Acarology 10 (1) on page 31, DOI: 10.22073/pja.v10i1.63954, http://zenodo.org/record/4644616
DETERMINANTS OF COMPETITIVENESS OF THE SWAZILAND SUGAR INDUSTRY
Creators: name: Knowledge, Ndlangamandla
name: Knowledge, Ndlangamandla
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Competitiveness
subject: Trade liberalisation
subject: Comparative Advantage
subject: Relative Trade Advantage
subject: Swaziland

description: The issue of abolishment of trade agreements preferences pose a great threat to the sugar industry in Swaziland. Several questions arise on the global comparative advantage of the sugar industry considering that it is the centre of the country`s economy. This study aimed at estimating the comparative advantage of Swaziland sugar industry in the global market, factors responsible for this comparative advantage, and the factors affecting the competitiveness of the Swaziland sugar industry. The Relative Trade Advantage, multiple linear regression model and Porter`s 1990 National Diamond concept were used to achieve the set objectives, respectively. The study found that the Swaziland sugar industry had a relatively highly comparative advantage in the global market in terms of producing sugar. Results from the regression model indicated that global sugar market prices, exchange rate and export values had a significant influence on Swaziland`s comparative advantage. The Porter`s (1990) National Diamond model analysis revealed factors that enhance competitiveness of the sugar industry including business approach to human resource, relationship and networking, availability of unskilled labour and production of high quality products. Some factors that have a major constraining effect on the competitiveness were the small local market size, cost of transport, and cost of supply of inputs. Government in consultation with the industry representatives should consider development and implementation of an industry policy strategy for the sugar industry intended to ensure its survival. In order to counteract the effects of global market prices and the exchange rate, exploring of new market opportunities is essential. Other strategies would be to improve efficiencies at both field and factory level.
description: A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE in Agricultural and Applied Economics of the University of Swaziland June, 2016. Advisors: Dr. D. Kibirige, Dr. J. I. Rugambisa
title: Enacting Refugees: An Ethnography of Asylum Decisions
Creators: name: Magalhães, Bruno Eduardo Portela Borges de
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2015

description: When a foreigner enters the immigration department in Rio de Janeiro and places an asylum request, a complex legal machinery is put in motion to decide if this claim for protection is warranted or not. The process of status determination begins. The end comes a few months later, when the asylum seeker sits across from a police officer and is informed of whether the claim for refugee status has been accepted or denied. Request and decision are the two poles of this narrative. But how is the difference established between those who deserve and don’t deserve protection? Thematically, the research seeks to enrich our understanding of how refugees and migrant are distinguished during status determination. Conceptually, the study serves as an opportunity to reflect on the shortcomings I see in how the scholarship on migration and borders usually conceives the notion of ‘decision’. Drawing on a series of arguments developed in the field of Science Studies, the thesis puts forward a case for approaching asylum decisions in a way that is less focused on the discretion exercised by decision-makers and more attentive to how contingency and heterogeneity impact the enactment of refugees.
THE VALUE CHAIN OF EXPORTED WHITELEG SHRIMP: CASE STUDY IN KHANH HOA PROVINCE, VIETNAM
Creators: name: Nguyen, Tram Anh Thi
name: Bui, Chuong Thien Phuc Nguyen
name: Jolly, Curtis Majela
name: Nguyen, Tram Anh Thi
name: Bui, Chuong Thien Phuc Nguyen
name: Jolly, Curtis Majela
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Farm Management
subject: Industrial Organization
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: whiteleg
subject: shrimp
subject: value chain
subject: integration
subject: Vietnam

description: This study focuses on systematic mapping and verification of benefit distribution among stakeholders in the value chain of white-leg shrimp in Khanh Hoa Province, Vietnam. The question is, can reorganization of small farmer groups enhance participation and efficiency of the value chain? Convenient sampling and face-to-face interview method were employed in 2014 and 2015 to solicit information from 100 shrimp producers, 10 middlemen and 3 exporters. Males account for 98 percent of small independent producers. There is an involvement of middlemen (middlemen type #1 and middlemen type # 2) in the chain. The middlemen are the drivers in the chain and engage in risk shifting on producers. The distribution of shrimp materials by middlemen type #1 to the processing plant is based on shrimp size. An alternate design to assist collective bargaining by unified small farm *groups shows in order to attain a sustainable value chain for white-leg shrimp, one should improve vertical integration and coordination among the market participants; and seek government intervention to build the image of Vietnam seafood in international markets.
A search for low surface brightness dwarf galaxies in different environments
Creators: name: Roberts, S.
name: Davies, J.
name: Sabatini, S.
name: van Driel, W.
name: O'Neil, K.
name: Baes, M.
name: Linder, S.
name: Smith, R.
name: Evans, Rh.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: According to the Cold Dark Matter (CDM) hierarchical clustering theory of galaxy and large scale structure formation, there should be numerous low mass dark matter haloes present in the Universe today. If these haloes contain sufficient stars they should be detectable as low luminosity stellar systems or dwarf galaxies. We have previously described a new detection method for faint low surface brightness objects and shown that there are relatively large numbers of very faint dwarf galaxies in the nearby Virgo cluster. In this paper we present results from a similar survey carried out on the Millennium Galaxy strip which runs along the celestial equator and samples a very different galaxy environment. We show that the dwarf-to-giant galaxy number ratio along this strip ranges from 0.7:1 to, at most, 6:1, corresponding to a flat luminosity function (alpha approx -0.8 to -1.0). This is very different to our value of 20:1 for the Virgo cluster. There is no population of low surface brightness dwarf galaxies in the field that have gone undetected by the redshift surveys. This result is exactly opposite to what CDM models predict for the environmental dependence of the dark matter mass function which is that there are proportionally more small dark matter haloes in lower density environments.
description: 17 pages, 12 figures
Additional file 1 of Complete genome sequence and annotation of the laboratory reference strain Shigella flexneri serotype 5a M90T and genome-wide transcriptional start site determination
Creators: name: Cervantes-Rivera, Ramón
name: Tronnet, Sophie
name: Puhar, Andrea
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Genome coverage plot of S. flexneri 5a M90T with aligned DNA or RNA short-read sequences. a) Genome coverage of small DNA Illumina sequences. The percentage of genome covered with a depth of ≥5 is 99.98% with a mean coverage of 126X. b) Genome coverage of small RNA sequences. The percentage of genome covered with a depth of of ≥5 is 98.77% with a mean coverage of 989.9X. Coverage calculation was performed with Samtools depth [54, 55] using sorted alignments in BAM format as input. The figure was generated with ggplot2.3.2.1 in the R. 3.6.1 environment.
Additional file 2 of Complete genome sequence and annotation of the laboratory reference strain Shigella flexneri serotype 5a M90T and genome-wide transcriptional start site determination
Creators: name: Cervantes-Rivera, Ramón
name: Tronnet, Sophie
name: Puhar, Andrea
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2: Table S1. Comparison of general features of the S. flexneri 5a M90T predicted with three different pipelines: Prokka [59], RAST [58] and PGAP/NCBI [60].
Astrophysical significance of detection of coalescing binaries with gravitational waves
Creators: name: Bulik, T.
name: Belczynski, K.
name: Rudak, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the StarTrack stellar population synthesis code to analyze properties of double compact object binaries as sources of gravitational waves. Since the distribution of lifetimes of these objects extends up to the Hubble time we conclude that a proper calculation of the expected rate must include a full cosmological model. We present such model, calculate the expected coalescence rates, and analyze the intrinsic sensitivity of these rates to the model assumptions. We find that the rate alone is a very poor estimator of the underlying stellar evolution model. However we show that the distribution of observed chirp masses is very sensitive to the underlying stellar evolution model, while it is very insensitive to the underlying cosmology, star formation rate history and variation of detector sensitivity.
description: 8 pages, submitted to Astronomy and Astrophysics
Additional file 6 of Variation in base composition underlies functional and evolutionary divergence in non-LTR retrotransposons
Creators: name: Ruggiero, Robert P.
name: Boissinot, Stéphane
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 6. Correlation between the content in AT and the number of predicted poly-adenylation signals.
MODELLING INTERNATIONAL OILSEED PRICES: AN APPLICATION OF THE STRUCTURAL TIME SERIES MODEL
Creators: name: Hazrana, Jaweriah
name: Hazrana, Jaweriah
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: international prices
subject: oilseeds
subject: structural time series
subject: trend
subject: cycle

description: The fundamentals characterizing agricultural commodity prices have often been debated in research and policy circles. Building on limitations in the existing literature, the present study conducts an integrated test and empirically analyses the international price of palm and soybean oil from 1960(1) to 2016(8). For this purpose the univariate Structural Time Series Model based on the state space framework is applied. This approach allows flexibility to model complex stochastic movements, seasonality, cyclical patterns and incorporate intervention analysis. Estimation is based on the Maximum Likelihood method via the Kalman Filter. The results establish that both series exhibit a stochastic long term trend punctuated by multiple breaks. The findings also uncover the presence of cyclicality which results in price swings of varying duration and amplitude. The model works well as a description of oilseed prices and improves awareness of their separate structural components. These are fundamental to design country and commodity specific policy strategies and respond to volatile market conditions. The results underscore that contrary to previous price spikes most of the drivers of the mid 2000s price spikes are structural and on the demand side. These new drivers in oilseed markets suggest the possibility of fundamental change in price behaviour with longer-lasting effects.
Black hole singularity in AdS/CFT
Creators: name: Hubeny, Veronika E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a short review of hep-th/0306170. In the context of AdS/CFT correspondence, we explore what information from behind the horizon of the bulk black hole geometry can be found in boundary CFT correlators. In particular, we argue that the CFT correlators contain distinct, albeit subtle, signals of the black hole singularity.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures, AMSLaTeX (ws-procs9x6.cls included). Presented at QTS3 (Cincinnati, Ohio, Sept. 10-14, 2003)
Limnohalacarus Walter 1917
Creators: name: Chatterjee, Tapas
name: Durucan, Furkan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Trombidiformes
Halacaridae
Limnohalacarus

description: Limnohalacarus novus Bartsch, 2013
 Record from more than  900 m a.s.l. altitudes: Madagaskar —  Central Madagascar, Antananarivo, Anjazorobe, River Ranonisoanavola (larger stream east from main mountain chain), 1200 m a.s.l. (Bartsch 2018); Central Madagascar, Antanarivo, Ankaratra, Reserve Manjakatompo, left affluent of River Mahiavona, EM Mantsina, 1750 m a.s.l. (Bartsch 2018).
 Remarks: This species has been reported from tidal flat to 1750 m a.s.l.
description: Published as part of Chatterjee, Tapas & Durucan, Furkan, 2021, A checklist of halacarid mites (Acari, Halacaridae) found from more than 900 m a. s. l. altitudes, pp. 29-40 in Persian Journal of Acarology 10 (1) on page 31, DOI: 10.22073/pja.v10i1.63954, http://zenodo.org/record/4644616
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF HOUSEHOLD FOOD SECURITY MEASURES IN RURAL ZIMBABWE
Creators: name: Butaumocho, Blessing
name: Chitiyo, Plaxedes T.
name: Butaumocho, Blessing
name: Chitiyo, Plaxedes T.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: comparative analysis
subject: emergency programs
subject: food security
subject: household food security measures
subject: Zimbabwe Vulnerable Assessment Committee

description: Despite development of numerous food security measures for humanitarian emergency programs, there is limited research on which food security measures complement each other. A comparative analysis of household food security measures, that is, household hunger scale, food consumption score, and consolidated approach for reporting food security indicators, utilizing Zimbabwe Vulnerability Assessment Committee 2014 Rural Livelihoods Assessment data, was conducted in Zimbabwe. According to the results, the household hunger score produced the least levels of food insecurity, followed by the consolidated approach for reporting food security indicators while the food consumption score produced the highest food insecurity prevalence. The consolidated approach for reporting food security indicators is recommended for supporting long-term chronic food insecurity interventions and the household hunger score for food security assessments to inform emergency relief. Further research is required to refine and contextualize the food consumption score cut-off points to rural Zimbabwe.
The UBC Food System : to infinity and beyond climate neutral
Creators: name: Yeh, Rachel
name: Arbabian, Yasaman
name: Rahimi-Aliabadi, Neda
name: Siegel, Jacob
name: Tang, Jing
name: Tso, Ryan
name: Wigton, Kristen
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: Food systems play a significant role in climate change. The UBC Climate Action Partnership (CAP) has proposed a goal to allow UBC to become “Beyond Climate Neutral”. There are many ways that the UBC food system can contribute to this goal. Different sectors of this food system (specifically in supply, consumption, and waste management and composting) all contribute to climate change in varying ways. Specific recommendations are made to allow the UBC food system to move beyond climate neutral. Disclaimer: “UBC SEEDS provides students with the opportunity to share the findings of their studies, as well as their opinions, conclusions and recommendations with the UBC community. The reader should bear in mind that this is a student project/report and is not an official document of UBC. Furthermore readers should bear in mind that these reports may not reflect the current status of activities at UBC. We urge you to contact the research persons mentioned in a report or the SEEDS Coordinator about the current status of the subject matter of a project/report.”
EMPIRICAL ASESSMENT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON AGRICULTURAL CROPS: PANEL DATA ANALYSIS IN PAKISTAN
Creators: name: Afzal, Muhammad
name: Ahmed, Gulzar
name: Javaid, Muhammad Nadeem
name: Afzal, Muhammad
name: Ahmed, Gulzar
name: Javaid, Muhammad Nadeem
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Farm Management
subject: climate
subject: agriculture and enviornment
subject: agricultural policy

description: The purpose of present study is to empirically analyze the impact of climate change on three major agricultural crops of Punjab, Pakistan. A variant of Cobb-Douglas production function is applied on the panel of districts of Punjab covering period from 1982 to 2014. It is observed that temperature; rainfall and Humidity have different effects on agricultural crops at different stages of production. This study analyzes the impact of climate change at three different stages of production such as; planting, flowering and harvesting. Overall findings of the study reveal that area and fertilizer have positive effect on all three crops at each stage. Temperature has positive impact on wheat production during the planting and harvesting stage. However, temperature negatively affects the production of wheat during the flowering stage. Rainfall has negative association with the production of wheat during all three stages. Further, results indicate that rainfall, minimum temperature and humidity positively affect the production of rice crop during planting and negatively affect during harvesting. On the basis of empirical analysis, this study suggests that Government should develop new varieties of seeds and allocation of more resources should be encouraged to provide the security against the problems of climate change.
Extension theory of infinite symmetric products
Creators: name: Dydak, Jerzy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: General Topology (math.GN)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 54F45, 55M10, 55N99, 55Q40, 55P20

description: We present an approach to cohomological dimension theory based on infinite symmetric products and on the general theory of dimension called the extension dimension. The notion of the extension dimension $\ExD(X)$ was introduced by A.N.Dranishnikov \cite {D$_5$} in the context of compact spaces and CW complexes. This paper investigates extension types of infinite symmetric products $SP(L)$. One of the main ideas of the paper is to treat $\ExD(X)\leq SP(L)$ as the fundamental concept of cohomological dimension theory instead of $\dim_G(X)\leq n$. In a subsequent paper \cite{Dy$_6$} we show how properties of infinite symmetric products lead naturally to a calculus of graded groups which implies most of classical results of the cohomological dimension. The basic notion in \cite{Dy$_6$} is that of homological dimension of a graded group which allows for simultanous treatment of cohomological dimension of compacta and extension properties of CW complexes. We introduce cohomology of $X$ with respect to $L$ (defined as homotopy groups of the function space $SP(L)^X$). As an application of our results we characterize all countable groups $G$ so that the Moore space $M(G,n)$ is of the same extension type as the Eilenberg-MacLane space $K(G,n)$. Another application is characterization of infinite symmetric products of the same extension type as a compact (or finite-dimensional and countable) CW complex.
description: To appear in Fundamenta Mathematicae
PHARMACOGNOSTIC ANALYSIS OF CONVOLVOLUS ARVENSIS LINN AND ITS EVALUATION OF VARIOUS SOLVENT EXTRACTS FOR ANTIFUNGAL AND ANTIDIABETIC ACTIVITY
Creators: name: MUHAMMAD ASIF SHAHZAD
name: HAROON KHAN
name: ESHWA DAR
name: MUHAMMAD AZAM TAHIR
name: RASHID KHAN
name: SYED WAQAS ALI SHAH
name: ABDUL RASHID SHAIKH
name: ROMILA AFZAL
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Abstract

The traditional plants found throughout the world contain many medicinally important constituents but these need to be investigated for their phytochemistry, biological and pharmacological activities. In Pakistan many plants are found which are believed to be medicinally important. In the current study, Convolvolus arvensis Linn whole plant was investigated for their pharmacognostic analysis and biological activities. Quantitative pharmacognostic analysis showed that the extract contains total ash value of 10.4% and moisture content 1.04%. Organoleptic characteristics, macroscopic and anatomical studies were performed. The antifungal activity was evaluated employing five fungal pores and the result revealed that this plant has strongest antifungal activity against Candida albicans and lowest against Aspergillus fumigatus. The highest percentage inhibition of α-amylase for Convolvulus arvensis Linn was shown by the ethanolic extract i.e. 35.43% which shows that the plant is antidiabetic. The current study suggests that the plant has different phytochemical and biological activities but selection of solvent system is the key to explore comprehensive biological actions of plants and isolation of commercially potential compounds.