cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Drusilla profunda Pace 2014, nov.sp.
Creators: name: Pace, R.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Staphylinidae
Drusilla
Drusilla profunda

description: Drusilla profunda nov.sp. (Figs 45 and 183)
T y p e m a t e r i a l Holotype, Sabah, Danum Valley, B.R.L., f.i.t., 14-16.II.2007, G. de Rougemont leg. (CROU).
D e s c r i p t i o n: Length 3.93 mm. Body shiny, reddish, elytra reddish-brown, abdomen yellowish-red, antennae reddish-brown with the two basal antennomeres, the base of third and the eleventh yellowish-red, legs yellowish-red. Second antennomere shorter than the first, third longer than the second, fourth as long as wide, fifth to tenth transverse. Eyes very large in dorsal view. Fore-body devoid of reticulation, that of the abdomen very transverse and evident. Puncturation of the head fine and very superficial, that of the abdomen absent. Granulation of the pronotum and elytra fine, very superficial and not very salient. There is a salient tubercle between the antennae. Median sulcus of the pronotum shallow and ending in a deep posterior dimple.
 C o m p a r a t i v e n o t e s: In the form of the spermatheca, the new species is similar to D. semimonticola PACE, 2008 also from Borneo. It differs in the bicoloured abdomen, whereas in D. semimonticola the abdomen is uniformly yellowish-red, in the deep apical umbilicus of the distal bulb of the spermatheca, which is short in D. semimonticola, and in the proximal bulb of the spermatheca which is narrower (0.013 mm), than the maximum width (0.052 mm) of the distal bulb, whereas in D. semimonticola the proximal bulb of the spermatheca is as wide (0.066) as the maximum width of the distal bulb.
E t y m o l o g y: The new species is named "deep" in reference to the deep apical umbilicus of the distal bulb of the spermatheca.
description: Published as part of Pace, R., 2014, Aleocharinae from Sabah (Borneo) collected by Guillaume de Rougemont (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae), pp. 727-794 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 46 (1) on page 757, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5306753
Social relations in physical education: A scoping review
Creators: name: Van Der Kamp, John
name: De Bruijn, Anne G.M.
name: Van Der Wilt, Femke
name: Schoonmade, Linda
name: Fassaert, Ilona
Publisher: name: OSF Registries
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Sports Studies
subject: Education
subject: Health and Physical Education
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Objective: The objective of this scoping review is to identify research questions, methods, and outcomes regarding antecedents, structure, and consequences of social relations in physical education (PE).

Introduction: Previous research on social relationships in PE has demonstrated a correlation between physical activity levels during PE and peer acceptance. Additionally, a relationship was found between perceived athletic competence, height, and social status in PE. There is a wide variety of topics in studies about social relations in PE, which results in diverse methods and findings. A review of studies would help gain more insight into the structure, antecedents, and consequences of social relations in PE.

Inclusion criteria: Inclusion criteria are studies examining students aged ± 4 to 18 years and conducted in the PE context in primary or secondary school and focusing on the structure of social relationships (including peer acceptance, social status, etc.) or its antecedents or consequences. Exclusion criteria are special education, sport settings, social-emotional concepts related to individual characteristics of a child, grey literature, and reviews.

Methods: Databases to be searched are Medline, PsycInfo, Eric, SportDiscus, Embase, and Scopus. Studies are not excluded by publication date or language. Before screening a pilot test of 25 studies will be done by three reviewers. Reviewers will start screening all articles on title and abstract when 75% agreement is achieved in this pilot. The full text of selected citations will be assessed in detail against the inclusion criteria for at least 50% of the studies by two reviewers. Data extraction will be done with an extraction form. Only descriptive results including population, context, aims, study design, methodology, and key findings will be extracted and presented.
CE-Net: Context Encoder Network for 2D Medical Image Segmentation
Creators: name: Gu, Zaiwang
name: Cheng, Jun
name: Fu, Huazhu
name: Zhou, Kang
name: Hao, Huaying
name: Zhao, Yitian
name: Zhang, Tianyang
name: Gao, Shenghua
name: Liu, Jiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Medical image segmentation is an important step in medical image analysis. With the rapid development of convolutional neural network in image processing, deep learning has been used for medical image segmentation, such as optic disc segmentation, blood vessel detection, lung segmentation, cell segmentation, etc. Previously, U-net based approaches have been proposed. However, the consecutive pooling and strided convolutional operations lead to the loss of some spatial information. In this paper, we propose a context encoder network (referred to as CE-Net) to capture more high-level information and preserve spatial information for 2D medical image segmentation. CE-Net mainly contains three major components: a feature encoder module, a context extractor and a feature decoder module. We use pretrained ResNet block as the fixed feature extractor. The context extractor module is formed by a newly proposed dense atrous convolution (DAC) block and residual multi-kernel pooling (RMP) block. We applied the proposed CE-Net to different 2D medical image segmentation tasks. Comprehensive results show that the proposed method outperforms the original U-Net method and other state-of-the-art methods for optic disc segmentation, vessel detection, lung segmentation, cell contour segmentation and retinal optical coherence tomography layer segmentation.
description: accepted by IEEE transcations on medical imaging, (TMI)
Pachyula conorhynchus Ogilby 1898
Creators: name: Alexandre P. Marceniuk
name: Naércio A. Menezes
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Actinopterygii
Siluriformes
Ariidae
Pachyula
Pachyula conorhynchus

description: Pachyula conorhynchus (Weber, 1913)
Tetranesodon conorhynchus Weber, 1913: 546, fig. 24. Type locality: Lorentz River, Van Weelskamp, New Guinea. Holotype: ZMA 111084.
Distribution: Southern New Guinea.
Countries: Indonesia.
Habitat: Freshwaters.
Maximum size: 200 mm SL.
description: Published as part of Alexandre P. Marceniuk & Naércio A. Menezes, 2007, Systematics of the family Ariidae (Ostariophysi, Siluriformes), with a redefinition of the genera., pp. 1-126 in Zootaxa 1416 on page 89
Drusilla rougemontiana Pace 2014, nov.sp.
Creators: name: Pace, R.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Staphylinidae
Drusilla
Drusilla rougemontiana

description: Drusilla rougemontiana nov.sp. (Figs 47 and 185-188)
T y p e m a t e r i a l Holotype, Sabah, Danum Valley, B.R.L., f.i.t., 14-16.II.2007, G. de Rougemont leg. (CROU). Paratypes: 14 exx., same provenance as the holotype (CROU, MSNV).
D e s c r i p t i o n: Length 4.3-4.54 mm. Body shiny, blackish-brown, abdomen yellowish-red with the free third to sixth free abdominal tergites brown, antennae blackish-brown with the two basal antennomeres and the base of third reddish-brown, legs yellow with knees yellowish-brown. Second antennomere shorter than the first, third longer than the second, fourth to tenth transverse. Eyes longer than the postocular region in dorsal view. Body devoid of reticulation except on the sixth free tergite on which it is very transverse and superficial. Puncturation of the head sparse and superficial, absent on a narrow longitudinal median band, that of the pronotum strong anteriorly, to the sides thin, that of the elytra very superficial and clear. Median sulcus of the pronotum superficial, ample median concavity of the pronotum limited posteriorly by a transverse edge and a triangular posterior median impression. Male fifth free abdominal tergites with six tubercles on the posterior margin and two anterior median tubercles. Aedeagus: Figs 186-187; spermatheca: Fig. 185; male sixth free tergite: Fig. 188.
 C o m p a r a t i v e n o t e s: The habitus of this new species is similar to D. sculpticollis PACE, 2008, but the aedeagus and the spermatheca are different. The apex of the aedeagus, in ventral view, is more constricted and longer than that of D. sculpticollis, and the proximal portion of the spermatheca of the new species is not wound in a coil as in D. sculpticollis.
E t y m o l o g y: The new species is dedicated to its collector, our colleague, the staphylinid specialist Guillaume de Rougemont.
description: Published as part of Pace, R., 2014, Aleocharinae from Sabah (Borneo) collected by Guillaume de Rougemont (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae), pp. 727-794 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 46 (1) on page 758, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5306753
Finite-Size Scaling of the Level Compressibility at the Anderson Transition
Creators: name: Ndawana, M. L.
name: Römer, R. A.
name: Schreiber, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the number level variance $Σ_{2}$ and the level compressibility $χ$ from high precision data for the Anderson model of localization and show that they can be used in order to estimate the critical properties at the metal-insulator transition by means of finite-size scaling. With $N$, $W$, and $L$ denoting, respectively, system size, disorder strength, and the average number of levels in units of the mean level spacing, we find that both $χ(N,W)$ and the integrated $Σ_{2}$ obey finite-size scaling. The high precision data was obtained for an anisotropic three-dimensional Anderson model with disorder given by a box distribution of width $W/2$. We compute the critical exponent as $ν\approx 1.45 \pm 0.12$ and the critical disorder as $W_{\rm c} \approx 8.59 \pm 0.05$ in agreement with previous transfer-matrix studies in the anisotropic model. Furthermore, we find $χ\approx 0.28 \pm 0.06$ at the metal-insulator transition in very close agreement with previous results.
description: Revised version of paper, to be published: Eur. Phys. J. B (2002)
Drusilla danumensis Pace 2014, nov.sp.
Creators: name: Pace, R.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Staphylinidae
Drusilla
Drusilla danumensis

description: Drusilla danumensis nov.sp. (Figs 48 and 189-191)
T y p e m a t e r i a l Holotype, Sabah, Danum Valley, B.R.L., f.i.t, 14-16.II.2007, G. de Rougemont leg. (CROU). Paratypes: 6 exx., same provenance as the holotype (CROU, MSNV).
D e s c r i p t i o n: Length 3.35-3.48 mm. Body shiny, head and pronotum blackishbrown, elytra black with the base dirty yellow, abdomen yellowish-red with posterior portion of the paratergites blackish-brown and first to third free tergites reddish-brown on their mid-longitudinal area, fourth free tergite yellowish-red in basal half and blackish-brown in distal half, fifth free tergite brown, antennae reddish-brown with the three basal antennomeres and the eleventh yellowish-red, legs yellowish-red with femora yellow, except to the distal extremities which are yellowish-red. Second antennomere shorter than the first, third longer than the second, fourth to ninth as long as wide, tenth transverse. Eyes longer than the postocular region in dorsal view. Body devoid of reticulation. Puncturation of the head fine and absent on the longitudinal median band, that of the elytra evident and deep. Granulation of the pronotum fine, very superficial and salient. Two large median punctures on each free tergite that are otherwise bare. There is a deep depression between the antennae. Pronotum with a deep median sulcus, an ample anterior median impression, a deep impression on either side and two strong punctures near the median sulcus. Aedeagus: Figs 190-191; spermatheca: Fig. 189.
 C o m p a r a t i v e n o t e s: In the form of the spermatheca and partly that of the aedeagus, and in the colour of the abdomen this new species is similar D. fontis PACE, 2008 also from Borneo. It differs in the transverse pronotum with length/width ratio of 0.88, whereas in D. fontis the pronotum is longer than wide with a length/width ratio of 1.10. The ventral profile of the aedeagus of the new species has an acute angle near the "crista apicalis", which is absent in D. fontis. The apex of the aedeagus of the new species, in ventral view, is not angled as the apex of the aedeagus of D. fontis.
E t y m o l o g y: The name of the new species is derived from the Danum Valley.
description: Published as part of Pace, R., 2014, Aleocharinae from Sabah (Borneo) collected by Guillaume de Rougemont (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae), pp. 727-794 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 46 (1) on pages 758-759, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5306753
Pachyula crassilabris Ogilby 1898
Creators: name: Alexandre P. Marceniuk
name: Naércio A. Menezes
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Actinopterygii
Siluriformes
Ariidae
Pachyula
Pachyula crassilabris

description: Pachyula crassilabris (Ramsay & Ogilby, 1886)
(fig. 76)
Hemipimelodus crassilabris Ramsay & Ogilby, 1886: 18. Type locality: Strickland River, New Guinea. Holotype: AMS B.9961. Paratypes: QM I. 857.
Distribution: Southern New Guinea.
Countries: Papua New Guinea.
Habitat: Freshwaters.
Maximum size: 520 mm SL.
Material examined: AMS I.27411-001 (1 c&s), Papua New Guinea, Kubipara.
description: Published as part of Alexandre P. Marceniuk & Naércio A. Menezes, 2007, Systematics of the family Ariidae (Ostariophysi, Siluriformes), with a redefinition of the genera., pp. 1-126 in Zootaxa 1416 on page 89
The female role in the decline in fertility in Australia, 1861-1901
Creators: name: Quiggin, Pat
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 1985
Subjects: subject: Fertility, Human HistoryAustralia
subject: Feminism HistoryAustralia
subject: Women Social conditions HistoryAustralia

description: During the second half of the nineteenth century fertility in Australia declined from a high level which was never regained. A similar decline was evident in many Western countries during the same period. This study of the role of Australian women in initiating the decline examines the effects of demographic and socioeconomic changes as possible explanations for the lowered birthrate. A review of some of the extensive literature is used to provide guidance in the choice of factors which, from overseas experience, might be expected to explain some of Australia's fertility decline. Evidence on the timing of the commencement of fertility control is reviewed, leading to a suggestion that, in Victoria in particular, the decline in marital fertility may have commenced earlier than previously was believed. Based on the content of contemporary newspapers and magazines, the role of women as mothers is shown to have changed, with a greater emphasis on the responsibility of women for the spiritual and physical care of their families. Statistical evidence shows the extent to which marriage became less attainable although, at the time, the problem was seen as socioeconomic, rather than demographic. As education became compulsory, the assistance formerly provided by young girls was no longer available to their mothers. At the same time, education provided options for women other than dependence on parents or husbands. From an examination of the role of feminism and its relationship to birth control and religion, it is concluded that organised feminism was not an important factor in initiating fertility decline. However, a rise in 'domestic feminism', or more equality within marriage, may have explained partially why the fertility of Australian women declined in the second half of the nineteenth century, although economic factors were also of considerable importance.
A scalable saliency-based Feature selection method with instance level information
Creators: name: Cancela, Brais
name: Bolón-Canedo, Verónica
name: Alonso-Betanzos, Amparo
name: Gama, João
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Classic feature selection techniques remove those features that are either irrelevant or redundant, achieving a subset of relevant features that help to provide a better knowledge extraction. This allows the creation of compact models that are easier to interpret. Most of these techniques work over the whole dataset, but they are unable to provide the user with successful information when only instance information is needed. In short, given any example, classic feature selection algorithms do not give any information about which the most relevant information is, regarding this sample. This work aims to overcome this handicap by developing a novel feature selection method, called Saliency-based Feature Selection (SFS), based in deep-learning saliency techniques. Our experimental results will prove that this algorithm can be successfully used not only in Neural Networks, but also under any given architecture trained by using Gradient Descent techniques.
Fertility differentials by ecological zones in rural West Java Province
Creators: name: Asari, Yahya S
Publisher: name: Canberra, ACT : The Australian National University
Year: 1985
Subjects: subject: Fertility, Human Indonesia Jawa Barat

description: This thesis examines fertility and family planning in the four ecological zones in Rural West Java Province: the Northern, Highland, Southern and Banten zones. It investigates variations in fertility among ever married women according to education, occupation, age at marriage, marital status and number of marriages. The index of fertility in this 3tudy is the mean number of children ever born to ever married women. The analysis found that both before and after standardization, there was an apparent dichotomy of fertility: the Highland and Banten zones with high fertility and the Southern and Northern zones with lower fertility. This dichotomy of fertility also persists when various socio-economic variables are controlled. This study also shows that the Highlanders and the Southerners accepted family planning more readily than the Northerners and Bantenese.
Gaze-in-wild: A dataset for studying eye and head coordination in everyday activities
Creators: name: Kothari, Rakshit
name: Yang, Zhizhuo
name: Kanan, Christopher
name: Bailey, Reynold
name: Pelz, Jeff
name: Diaz, Gabriel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The interaction between the vestibular and ocular system has primarily been studied in controlled environments. Consequently, off-the shelf tools for categorization of gaze events (e.g. fixations, pursuits, saccade) fail when head movements are allowed. Our approach was to collect a novel, naturalistic, and multimodal dataset of eye+head movements when subjects performed everyday tasks while wearing a mobile eye tracker equipped with an inertial measurement unit and a 3D stereo camera. This Gaze-in-the-Wild dataset (GW) includes eye+head rotational velocities (deg/s), infrared eye images and scene imagery (RGB+D). A portion was labelled by coders into gaze motion events with a mutual agreement of 0.72 sample based Cohen's $κ$. This labelled data was used to train and evaluate two machine learning algorithms, Random Forest and a Recurrent Neural Network model, for gaze event classification. Assessment involved the application of established and novel event based performance metrics. Classifiers achieve $\sim$90$\%$ human performance in detecting fixations and saccades but fall short (60$\%$) on detecting pursuit movements. Moreover, pursuit classification is far worse in the absence of head movement information. A subsequent analysis of feature significance in our best-performing model revealed a reliance upon absolute eye and head velocity, indicating that classification does not require spatial alignment of the head and eye tracking coordinate systems. The GW dataset, trained classifiers and evaluation metrics will be made publicly available with the intention of facilitating growth in the emerging area of head-free gaze event classification.
description: 23 pages, 11 figures, 10 tables, Dataset can be found at http://www.cis.rit.edu/~rsk3900/
The effect of religiosity on fertility : a case of the Muslims in Southern Philippines
Creators: name: Damsani, Maduh A
Publisher: name: Canberra, ACT : The Australian National University
Year: 1985
Subjects: subject: Fertility, Human Moral and ethical aspects Philippines

description: This study is an investigation of the effect of religiosity on fertility among the adherents of Islam, specifically on the three Muslim ethnic groups in southern Philippines, the Sama of Tawi-Tawi, the Yakan of Basilan and the Tausug of Sulu. The data are derived from the KAP Survey Among Muslim Couples in Region IX (Western Mindanao), 1981 conducted by the Western Mindanao State University. The findings from the analysis confirmed the general hypothesis that the greater the degree of religious commitment or religiosity the higher the fertility. Muslim couples who scored higher on the religiosity index exhibited higher fertility (as measured by mean number of children ever born) and had larger family size ideals than did those who scored lower. An inverted U-shaped association was shown between religiosity and number of family planning methods known. The positive relationship between religiosity and fertility was shown by both cross-tabulation and multiple classification analysis (MCA) even after controlling for some demographic and socio-economic factors. However, religiosity was not as strong a predictor of the three fertility-related variables used in this study in comparison to other determinants of fertility. Education was the most important predictor followed by husband's occupation and ethnicity.
Drusilla borneoapicalis Pace 2014, nov.sp.
Creators: name: Pace, R.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Staphylinidae
Drusilla
Drusilla borneoapicalis

description: Drusilla borneoapicalis nov.sp. (Figs 49 and 192-194)
T y p e m a t e r i a l Holotype, Sabah, Danum Valley, B.R.L., f.i.t, 14-16.II.2007, G. de Rougemont leg. (CROU). Paratypes: 1 and 1, same provenance as the holotype (CROU, MSNV).
D e s c r i p t i o n: Length 4.54-4.69 mm. Body shiny, head brown, pronotum reddish, elytra blackish-brown with base reddish, abdomen yellowish-red with posterior margin of the first four free tergites largely brown, the fifth and sixth free tergites brown, antennae reddish-brown with the two basal antennomeres, the base of third and eleventh yellowish-red, legs yellowish-red with basal ¾ of the femora yellow. Second antennomere shorter than the first, third longer than the second, fourth to tenth longer than wide. Eyes very large in dorsal view. Body devoid of reticulation. Granulation of the head salient but absent on the longitudinal median band. Puncturation of the pronotum strong but absent on the anterior portion of the lateral depressions. Granulation of the elytra very superficial and salient. Free tergites bare, only the fifth free tergite with two strong median punctures. The head bears a salient tubercle between the antennae, and the pronotum a deep median sulcus. Aedeagus: Figs 192-193; spermatheca: Fig. 194.
 C o m p a r a t i v e n o t e s: The habitus and the spermatheca of the new species are similar to those of D. bruneiensis PACE, 2008, but the eyes of the new species are larger, longer than the postocular region, whereas in D. bruneiensis the eyes are as long or almost as the postocular region. The spermatheca of the new species is shorter (0.14 mm) than that of D. bruneiensis (0.19 mm). The aedeagus of the new species is different in several respects, including the apex, which is narrow in ventral view, whereas it is broad in D. bruneiensis, and the internal sclerotised pieces of the aedeagus are devoid of the numerous thorns present in D. bruneiensis.
E t y m o l o g y: The name of the new species "Borneo apical" refers to the apex of the aedeagus which is broad in lateral view and narrow in ventral view.
description: Published as part of Pace, R., 2014, Aleocharinae from Sabah (Borneo) collected by Guillaume de Rougemont (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae), pp. 727-794 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 46 (1) on page 759, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5306753
Nonlinear Strain Theory of Plastic Flow in Solids
Creators: name: Onuki, Akira
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a phenomenological time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau theory of nonlinear plastic deformations in solids. Because the problem is very complex, we first give models in one and two dimensions without vacancies and interstitials, where large strains produce densely distributed slips but the mass density deviations remain small except near the tips of slips. Next we set up a two-dimensional model including a vacancy field (or local free-volume fraction), where relevant is the sensitive dependence of the elastic shear modulus on the vacancy density. In our simulation, if strains are applied to nearly defectless solids but in the presence of such elastic inhomogeneity, the vacancy density and the mass density can become considerably heterogeneous for large strains on spatial scales much longer than the atomic size. These strain-induced disordered states are metastable or long-lived once they are created.
description: 10pages, 7figures
Tawala grammar : a functional approach
Creators: name: Ezard, Bryan
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 1991
Subjects: subject: Tavara language Grammar

description: Tawala is an Austronesian lan guage spoken in Milne Bay Province on the easternmost tip of the Papua New Guinea mainland. This thesis aims to present a general introduction and reference grammar for the Tawala language . Eight broad topics are handled. 1) The introductory chapter presents details of my involvement in the project and an assessment of the database. 2) The second chapter outlines the Tawala situation, including its relationship to other languages of the Pacific basin. Also outlined is some details of the study of Tawala by the scholarly world. 3) The third chapter gives some broad typological features relating Tawala to the broad spectrum of the world's languages. The recently proposed head-marking typology provides a unified explanation for what would otherwise be a number of curious facts in the Tawala language. 4) The fourth chapter summarises the broad features of Tawala phonology. 5) Three aspects of Tawala words are dealt with in separate chapters. Chapter 5 presents details of Tawala word classes and sub-classes, which provides a semantic basis for the grammar presented in the remainder of the thesis . The strategies involved in changing word classes of items is the topic of chapter 6. Of particular significance is the discussionon valence change ( chapter 7) which lies at the heart of Tawala syntax . 6) Phrasal structure involves a study of the major consistituents of the clause: the verb phrase ( chapter 8), noun phrases ( chapter 9) and adpositional phrases ( chapter 10), of typological interest is the fact that Tawala has both prepositions and adpositions . 7) Ten different clause types are established for Tawala. Chapter 11 seeks to establish a model giving theoretical unity between the verbal and non -verbal clauses . The four verbal clause types are outlined in chapter 12, and the six non-verbal clause types are outlined in chapter 13. 8) The final chapters discuss relationships between clauses : relative and nominalised clauses ( chapter 14), complement clauses ( chapter 15) and other combinations of clauses ( chapter 16). Stress throughout is placed on the function of the various consistuents and structures , hence the sub title of this thesis .
Polygyny and fertility differentials among the Yoruba of Western Nigeria
Creators: name: Jelaludin Ahmed
Publisher: name: Canberra, ACT : The Australian National University
Year: 1985
Subjects: subject: Fertility, Human Case studiesNigeria
subject: Polygamy Case studiesNigeria

description: Many factors affect the fertility level of women, and the type of marital union of a woman is one of these factors. The sub-thesis investigates the fetility differentials among women in monogamous unions and women in polygynous unions. It makes use of two data sets collected among the Yoruba women of Western Nigeria. The first survey was conducted in Ibadan and the second survey was conducted in Ibadan and Western Nigeria. Both surveys were conducted in 1973. The analysis of the two data sets indicates that the educational level, religion and age of a woman are some of the factors that affect her chance of entering into either a polygynous or a monogamous union. Some factors like age, occupation and education helped raise the fertiltiy levels of women in polygynous unions. But some other factors like length of abstinence, and marital mobility affected the fertility level of women in polygynous unions negatively In general, women in polygynous unions had a higher fertility level compared to women in monogamous unions, mostly because they had higher ages. But after standardizing for the age differences and taking into account the difference in other variables, like education, occupation, and abstinence period the women in the two groups show similar fertility levels. Polygyny is very widely accepted by the society and about half of all the women were in such a union. Most of the women who are not in polygynous unions still have a high chance of entering such a union. Because of this many of the characteristics including the fertility behavior of the women was found to be very similar to each other.
Additional file 1 of Association of serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D with Vitamin D intervention and outdoor activity among children in North China: an observational study
Creators: name: Zhang, Xuguang
name: Chen, Yanping
name: Jin, Shanshan
name: Bi, Xinxin
name: Chen, Dongkai
name: Zhang, Dongmei
name: Liu, Li
name: Jing, Hong
name: Na, Lixin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: Medicine
Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Cancer
Virology

description: Additional file 1: Supplement Figure. Geographic characteristics of participants (city, number of subjects, %).
How well do Car-Parrinello simulations reproduce the Born-Oppenheimer surface ? Theory and Examples
Creators: name: Tangney, Paul
name: Scandolo, Sandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive an analytic expression for the average difference between the forces on the ions in a Car-Parrinello simulation and the forces obtained at the same ionic positions when the electrons are at their ground state. We show that for common values of the fictitious electron mass, a systematic bias may affect the Car-Parrinello forces in systems where the electron-ion coupling is large. We show that in the limit where the electronic orbitals are rigidly dragged by the ions the difference between the two dynamics amounts to a rescaling of the ionic masses, thereby leaving the thermodynamics intact. We study the examples of crystalline magnesium oxide and crystalline and molten silicon. We find that for crystalline silicon the errors are very small. For crystalline MgO the errors are very large but the dynamics can be quite well corrected within the rigid-ion model. We conclude that it is important to control the effect of the electron mass parameter on the quantities extracted from Car-Parrinello simulations.
description: Submitted to the Journal of Chemical Physics
Quantum teleportation in high dimensions
Creators: name: Luo, Yi-Han
name: Zhong, Han-Sen
name: Erhard, Manuel
name: Wang, Xi-Lin
name: Peng, Li-Chao
name: Krenn, Mario
name: Jiang, Xiao
name: Li, Li
name: Liu, Nai-Le
name: Lu, Chao-Yang
name: Zeilinger, Anton
name: Pan, Jian-Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Precise measurement or perfect cloning of unknown quantum states is forbidden by the laws of quantum mechanics. Yet, quantum teleportation in principle allows for a faithful and disembodied transmission of unknown quantum states between distant quantum systems using entanglement. There have been numerous experiments on teleportation of quantum states of single photons, atoms, trapped ions, defects in solid states, and superconducting circuits. However, all demonstrations to date were limited to a two-dimensional subspace$-$so-called qubit$-$of the quantized multiple levels of the quantum systems. In general, a quantum particle can naturally possess not only multiple degrees of freedom, but also, many degrees of freedom can have high quantum number beyond the simplified two-level subspace. Here, making use of multiport beam-splitters and ancillary single photons, we propose a resource-efficient and extendable scheme for teleportation of arbitrarily high-dimensional photonic quantum states. We report the first experimental teleportation of a qutrit, which is equivalent to a spin-1 system. Measurements over a complete set of 12 states in mutually unbiased bases yield a teleportation fidelity of 0.75(1), well above the optimal single-copy qutrit-state-estimation limit of 1/2. The fidelity also exceeds the limit of 2/3, the maximum possible for explanation through qubits only. Thus, we strictly prove a genuine three-dimensional, universal, and highly non-classical quantum teleportation. Combining previous methods of teleportation of two-particle composite states and multiple degrees of freedom, our work provides a complete toolbox for teleporting a quantum particle intact. We expect that our results will pave the way for quantum technology applications in high dimensions, since teleportation plays a central role in quantum repeaters and quantum networks.
description: 23 pages, 12 figures, the version accepted by Physical Review Letters on 22nd July. The previous version was first submitted to a journal on 19th May
Correlates of the proximate determinants of child survival in rural areas of Yogyakarta and Nusa Tenggara Barat Indonesia
Creators: name: Arifiyatno, Yohandarwati
Publisher: name: Canberra, ACT : The Australian National University
Year: 1987
Subjects: subject: Fertility, Human Indonesia Yogyakarta
subject: Fertility, Human Indonesia Nusa Tenggara Barat

description: This study examines the relationship between socioeconomic variables and four proximate determinants of child survival in rural areas of the Special Region of Yogyakarta and the Province of Nusa Tenggara Barat, Indonesia. The data used are from the 1982 Modular Survey conducted by the National Family Planning Coordinating Board. These two provinces represent the extremes of infant mortality in Indonesia with Yogyakarta having the lowest rate (62) and NTB the highest (187), according to estimates from the 1980 census. This study found that socio-economic conditions were better in Yogyakarta, and measures of the proximate determinants indicated that environmental conditions and personal illness control factors were also better in Yogyakarta than in NTB. This may partly be responsible for the lower infant mortality in Yogyakarta. One out of the four proximate determinants personal illness control - was found to be moderately well predicted by the socio-economic variables. The environmental conditions index was found to be less well predicted, whereas the other two proximate determinants - maternal factors and nutritional condition - were only marginally related to the socio-economic variables. Of the five socio-economic variables used in the analysis, three appeared to be positively related to the measure of personal illness control: mother’s education, father's education, and father’s occupation. These three predictor variables were also found to be better in Yogyakarta than in NTB.
Thermodynamics and Topology of Disordered Systems: Statistics of the Random Knot Diagrams on Finite Lattice
Creators: name: Vasilyev, Oleg
name: Nechaev, Sergei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The statistical properties of random lattice knots, the topology of which is determined by the algebraic topological Jones-Kauffman invariants was studied by analytical and numerical methods. The Kauffman polynomial invariant of a random knot diagram was represented by a partition function of the Potts model with a random configuration of ferro- and antiferromagnetic bonds, which allowed the probability distribution of the random dense knots on a flat square lattice over topological classes to be studied. A topological class is characterized by the highest power of the Kauffman polynomial invariant and interpreted as the free energy of a q-component Potts spin system for q->infinity. It is shown that the highest power of the Kauffman invariant is correlated with the minimum energy of the corresponding Potts spin system. The probability of the lattice knot distribution over topological classes was studied by the method of transfer matrices, depending on the type of local junctions and the size of the flat knot diagram. The obtained results are compared to the probability distribution of the minimum energy of a Potts system with random ferro- and antiferromagnetic bonds.
description: 37 pages, latex-revtex (new version: misprints removed, references added)
Embodying mental health in development
Creators: name: Lee, Ben
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2014
Subjects: mental health
development studies
Sri Lanka
psychopharmaceuticals
global mental health
tsunami
humanitarian intervention
psychosocial illnesses
development policy

description: This thesis proposes a rethinking of mental health interventions in developing countries by examining policies that took place in the aftermath of the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami in Sri Lanka, using anthropological concepts influenced by phenomenology such as the notion of embodiment. Contestations regarding the Cartesian mind-body duality have led to various methods of understanding the human being, with materialist biomedicine dominating Western psychiatry due to its scientific ‘rigour.’ However, Western psychiatry’s universalist assumptions – a one-size-fits-all understanding of mental anguish – have failed to achieve its objectives, particularly in non-Western settings. This is because such policies thus far have maintained a biomedicine-centric stance that pathologises mental suffering, with little room for integrating local perspectives. In order to rectify mistakes, mental health professionals must understand how sufferers of mental distress process phenomena beyond solely biomedical or culturalist frames, focusing instead on the experience itself that incorporates both sides of the spectrum when necessary. I further argue that by reconsidering the meaning of experience and participation in everyday life, its conclusions can be applied to participatory development. This can take place through working together with the sufferers by encouraging their participation in formulating mental health programmes and listening to them with empathy, to find suitable emic-etic frameworks. Through promoting collaborative mental health policies as a citizenship right, the issue of ‘political will’ is also challenged through local community mobilisation, while re-defining the meaning of ‘participation’ during the process.
Fertility and child mortality in rural Ethiopia : a comparative study of selected regions Gondar and Hararge
Creators: name: Mengistu, Genet
Publisher: name: Canberra, ACT : The Australian National University
Year: 1987
Subjects: subject: Fertility, Human Ethiopia
subject: Children MortalityEthiopia

description: This study presents the findings of fertility and child mortality analysis for agricultural households of two regions: the predominantly Amhara Christian region of Gondar, and the predominantly Oromo Moslem region of Hararge, based on the 1981 Rural Demographic Survey. The two regions were selected on the basis of prior study findings, that is, higher fertility and child mortality for Oromo Moslems than Amhara Christians in Arssi region. This study examines whether these differentials exist in other parts of the country. It was found that fertility and child mortality are high in both Gondar and Hararge. However, Hararge has significantly higher mean parity and child mortality than Gondar. One of the other important findings is lower mean parity and child mortality among literate women than illiterate women. In general, in the analysis of fertility and child mortality differentials, the results were found to be consistent with findings in Arssi region, and in other developing countries. In this study the underlying causes of the existing fertility and child mortality differentials between Gondar and Hararge, and population subgroups within the regions, is not fully explained due to data limitations and lack of detailed prior studies in the regions. Therefore, the study leaves some important questions to be answered in future studies.
Additional file 1: of Age related differences in cannabis use and subjective effects in a large population-based survey of adult athletes
Creators: name: Zeiger, Joanna
name: Silvers, William
name: Fleegler, Edward
name: Zeiger, Robert
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Study questionnaire. (DOCX 21 kb)
Additional file 2 of Metabolic syndrome increases senescence-associated micro-RNAs in extracellular vesicles derived from swine and human mesenchymal stem/stromal cells
Creators: name: Li, Yongxin
name: Meng, Yu
name: Zhu, Xiangyang
name: Saadiq, Ishran M.
name: Jordan, Kyra L.
name: Eirin, Alfonso
name: Lerman, Lilach O.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Astronomical and Space Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1.
Estimation in finite population sampling : robustness and optimality
Creators: name: Tam, Siu Ming
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 1988
Subjects: design-based Inference
finite population sampling
generalised regression estimators
model-based inference
optimality
robustness
kalman-filters
repeated surveys

description: Considerable progress has been made in the past two decades on research into survey sampling methodologies. A significant trend in this development is that the classical survey sampling techniques are formulated using an inference framework, which is made possible by assuming that the given finite population is a realization of a superpopulation model with unknown parameters. One attraction of this method of formulation of survey sampling problems is that not only the classical tools of inference can usefully be brought to bear on the problem, but more importantly, the optimal properties of certain familiar estimators in classical survey sampling are more and more better understood. A central issue in the use of superpopulation models for designing sampling strategies is robustness of the procedures. Under the design-based approach, it is claimed in the literature that robustness is provided by requiring that the estimators are design-unbiased, a property which is independent of the assumed superpopulation model. Chapter 1 examines the claim in detail and provide sufficient conditions for the sampling strategy to attain the Godambe-Joshi lower bound to the expected variance (Godambe & Joshi , 1965) . Chapter 2 and Chapter 3 examine the issues of reconciling design-based estimators with model-based predictors. The approach adopted in Chapter 2 is to retain the asymptotic design unbiasedness of the predictors, but modify the form of the estimators for the superpopulation model parameters in constructing the predictors of.population totals. On the other hand, the approach adopted in Chapter 3 is to retain the model based properties of the predictors but modify the selection probailites for selecting the sample. The discussion for Chapters 1 to 3 is restricted to the design and analysis of ad hoc surveys, that is, surveys which are conducted once on a given finite population. Chapter 4 and Chapter 5 examine issues related to the analysis of repeated surveys of the finite population over time. Chapter 6 looks at specification of superpopulation models for survey sampling from the point of view of performing regression analysis on the survey data from ad hoc surveys. It is argued that under certain circumstances, the uniform intra-class correlation assumed in the covariance matrix of the superpopulation model is unnecessary.