cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Improved Bounds on Quantum Learning Algorithms
Creators: name: Atici, Alp
name: Servedio, Rocco A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this article we give several new results on the complexity of algorithms that learn Boolean functions from quantum queries and quantum examples. Hunziker et al. conjectured that for any class C of Boolean functions, the number of quantum black-box queries which are required to exactly identify an unknown function from C is $O(\frac{\log |C|}{\sqrt{{\hatγ}^{C}}})$, where $\hatγ^{C}$ is a combinatorial parameter of the class C. We essentially resolve this conjecture in the affirmative by giving a quantum algorithm that, for any class C, identifies any unknown function from C using $O(\frac{\log |C| \log \log |C|}{\sqrt{{\hatγ}^{C}}})$ quantum black-box queries. We consider a range of natural problems intermediate between the exact learning problem (in which the learner must obtain all bits of information about the black-box function) and the usual problem of computing a predicate (in which the learner must obtain only one bit of information about the black-box function). We give positive and negative results on when the quantum and classical query complexities of these intermediate problems are polynomially related to each other. Finally, we improve the known lower bounds on the number of quantum examples (as opposed to quantum black-box queries) required for $(ε,δ)$-PAC learning any concept class of Vapnik-Chervonenkis dimension d over the domain $\{0,1\}^n$ from $Ω(\frac{d}{n})$ to $Ω(\frac{1}ε\log \frac{1}δ+d+\frac{\sqrt{d}}ε)$. This new lower bound comes closer to matching known upper bounds for classical PAC learning.
description: Minor corrections. 18 pages. To appear in Quantum Information Processing. Requires: algorithm.sty, algorithmic.sty to build
On the weak scaling of the contact distance between two fluctuating interfaces with system size
Creators: name: Moritz, Clemens
name: Sega, Marcello
name: Innerbichler, Max
name: Geissler, Phillip L.
name: Dellago, Christoph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A pair of flat parallel surfaces, each freely diffusing along the direction of their separation, will eventually come into contact. If the shapes of these surfaces also fluctuate, then contact will occur when their centers of mass remain separated by a nonzero distance $\ell$. Here we examine the statistics of $\ell$ at the time of first contact for surfaces that evolve in time according to the Edwards-Wilkinson equation. We present a general approach to calculate its probability distribution and determine how its most likely value $\ell^*$ depends on the surfaces' lateral size $L$. We are motivated by an interest in the motion of interfaces between two phases at conditions of thermodynamic coexistence, and in particular the annihilation of domain wall pairs under periodic boundary conditions. Computer simulations of this scenario verify the predicted scaling behavior in two and three dimensions. In the latter case, slow growth where $\ell^\ast$ is an algebraic function of $\log L$ implies that slab-shaped domains remain topologically intact until $\ell$ becomes very small, contradicting expectations from equilibrium thermodynamics.
description: 23 pages, 20 figures
Stars in the USNO-B1 Catalog with Proper Motions Between 1.0 and 5.0 arcseconds per year
Creators: name: Levine, Stephen E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper examines a subset of objects from the USNO-B1 catalogue with listed proper motions between 1.0 and 5.0 arcseconds per year. We look at the degree of contamination within this range of proper motions, and point out the major sources of spurious high proper motion objects. Roughly 0.1% of the objects in the USNO-B1 catalogue with listed motions between 1.0 and 5.0 arcseconds per year are real. Comparison with the revised version of Luyten's Half Second catalogue indicates that USNO-B1 is only about 47% complete for stars in this range. Preliminary studies indicate that there may be a dip in completeness in USNO-B1 for objects with motions near 0.1 arcseconds per year. We also present two new stars with motions between 1.0 and 5.0 arcseconds per year, 36 new stars with confirmed motions between 0.1 and 1.0 arcseconds per year, several new common proper motion pairs, and the recovery of LHS237a (VBs3).
description: 42 pages, 16 figures, uses AASTeX v5.2, accepted by AJ
Direct Measurement of Spatial Distortions of Charge Density Waves in K0.3MoO3
Creators: name: Du, Chao-Hung
name: Tang, Mau-Tsu
name: Lee, Yen-Ru
name: Stetsko, Yuri P.
name: Lo, Chung-Yu
name: Lee, Jey-Jau
name: Lin, Hsiu-Hau
name: Chang, Shih-Lin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using X-ray scattering and the technique of multiple diffreactions, we revisit the dynamical transition of charge density waves (CDWs) in K0.3MoO3 under applied voltages. In addition to the usual transport and half width (of Bragg peaks) measurements, we also measure the triplet phase by three-wave diffraction, which provides, for the first time, the {\em direct} evidence for the spatial distortions of CDWs. This novel and sensitive technique developed here can be applied to general periodic media, including stripes in high temperature superconductors, and provide a new perspective into interesting phenomena in these materials.
description: minor changes, 4 pages, 4 figures
Adoption of Improved Maize and Common Bean Varieties in Mozambique
Creators: name: Lopes, Helder
name: Lopes, Helder
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Food Security and Poverty
International Development
Production Economics
Productivity Analysis
Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: Household adoption of new agricultural technologies, including improved maize and bean varieties in Mozambique, is still relatively low. As a result, the average maize and common bean production remains low. This study identifies factors that are associated with households’ adoption of improved maize and bean varieties, using Trabalho de Inquérito Agrícola (TIA) 2007 data and the probit model to estimate the likelihood of household adoption of improved varieties of maize and common beans at both the national and regional levels. At the national level, the results indicate that household head’s education, access to extension services and credit are associated with the household’s adoption decision. However, association membership is negatively associated with the adoption decision. Education and extension are only statistically significant for the improved maize analysis. These findings suggest that households who had access to support services are more likely to adopt improved varieties. Household adoption of improved maize and bean varieties could be increased from the current 12% and 15% percent adoption rates, respectively, if 1) the current extension programs are strengthened to better respond to households’ information needs, as well as to serve more households in different geographical areas, and 2) household access’ to credit is expanded.
A Normal Form for Two-Input Flat Nonlinear Discrete-Time Systems
Creators: name: Diwold, Johannes
name: Kolar, Bernd
name: Schöberl, Markus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We show that every flat nonlinear discrete-time system with two inputs can be transformed into a structurally flat normal form by state- and input transformations. This normal form has a triangular structure and allows to read off the flat output, as well as a systematic construction of the parameterization of all system variables by the flat output and its forward-shifts. For flat continuous-time systems no comparable normal form exist.
Spike sorting pipeline for the International Brain Laboratory
Creators: name: Laboratory, International Brain
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: classificationCode: 320999
subject: Neurosciences not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 400607
subject: Signal processing

description: In this article, we document our current spike sorting processing pipeline, including several modifications that enable more scalable and robust processing. We also document our newly developed tools for visualizing and quality-scoring the output of each stage of the processing pipeline. We close by discussing known issues in our pipeline that present opportunities for further improvements.
How individuals who have moved from substance addiction to health, experience interactions with others in terms of facilitating or impeding their healing journey
Creators: name: Palmer, Roma Susan
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The purpose of this study was to examine the subjective experience of interactions with others that were either facilitative or impeding for individuals who have moved from substance addiction to health. A qualitative, phenomenological methodology was used for data collection and analysis. The study involved one in-depth, data collection interview with each of six volunteer participants. Interviewees included five men and one woman, varying in ages from 35 to 55. They all had extensive histories with substance abuse and were all connected to some extent with the Alcoholics Anonymous or Narcotics Anonymous programs. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and analyzed using Colaizzi's (1978) method of phenomenological data analysis as a guide. Seven themes common to all participants were extracted from the data. These included: a sense of isolation and loss, a sense of support or discouragement, a sense of understanding or misunderstanding, a sense of belonging or not belonging, a sense of meaning or meaninglessness, a sense of hope or hopelessness, and a sense of shifting identities. The findings led to implications for counselling as well as suggestions for future research.
Market-Based Instruments for the Optimal Control of Invasive Insect Species: B. Tabaci in Arizona
Creators: name: Richards, Timothy J.
name: Ellsworth, Peter
name: Tronstad, Russell
name: Naranjo, Steve
name: Richards, Timothy J.
name: Ellsworth, Peter
name: Tronstad, Russell
name: Naranjo, Steve
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: externalities
subject: invasive species
subject: optimal control
subject: permits
subject: spatial-temporal model
subject: taxes

description: Invasive insect species represent perhaps one of the most significant potential sources of economic risk to U.S. agricultural production. Private control of invasive insect species is likely to be insufficient due to negative externality and weaker-link public good problems. In this study, we compare a system of Pigouvian taxes with tradable permits for invasive species control. While the emissions control literature shows that taxes are preferred to permits under cost uncertainty, invasive-species control involves correlated cost and benefit uncertainty. Hence, we expect a quantity-based system to be preferred. Monte Carlo simulations of optimal steady-state outcomes confirm our expectations.
Readdressing the Fertilizer Problem
Creators: name: Paulson, Nicholas D.
name: Babcock, Bruce A.
name: Paulson, Nicholas D.
name: Babcock, Bruce A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: corn
subject: nitrogen fertilizer
subject: risk-increasing
subject: yield risk

description: The production literature has shown that inputs such as fertilizer can be defined as risk-increasing. However, farmers also consistently overapply nitrogen. A model of optimal input use under uncertainty is used to address this paradox. Using experimental data, a stochastic production relationship between yield and soil nitrate is estimated. Numerical results show that input uncertainty may cause farmers to overapply nitrogen. Survey data suggest that farmers are risk averse, but prefer small chances of high yields compared to small chances of crop failures when expected yields are equivalent. Furthermore, yield risk and yield variability are not equivalent.
Quality Risk and Profitability in Cattle Production: A Multivariate Approach
Creators: name: Belasco, Eric J.
name: Schroeder, Ted C.
name: Goodwin, Barry K.
name: Belasco, Eric J.
name: Schroeder, Ted C.
name: Goodwin, Barry K.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: censoring
subject: copula
subject: fed cattle
subject: grid pricing
subject: multivariate
subject: quality risk

description: This study evaluates quality, production, and price risk within the context of overall profit variability in fed cattle production. The approach used offers a flexible way to estimate a large system of equations with more than three jointly related censored outcomes. Trade-offs between quality and yield grade levels and production measures, such as average daily gain and feeding efficiency, are evaluated. Simulation procedures are used to assess the impact of quality risk on overall profit variability. Results make an important contribution to existing research by explaining why price signals through grid quality grade premiums may not generate intended producer responses.
The Price of Happy Hens: A Hedonic Analysis of Retail Egg Prices
Creators: name: Chang, Jae Bong
name: Lusk, Jayson L.
name: Norwood, F. Bailey
name: Chang, Jae Bong
name: Lusk, Jayson L.
name: Norwood, F. Bailey
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: animal welfare
subject: cage-free
subject: eggs
subject: free-range
subject: hedonic
subject: organic

description: This paper analyzes price differentials among conventional, cage-free, organic, and Omega-3 eggs using retail scanner data from two regional markets and the United States as a whole. Results reveal significant premiums attributable to cage-free (a 57% premium on average) and organic (an 85% premium on average). However, significant variation exists among geographic locations; price premiums for organic over conventional eggs in Dallas are almost twice as high as those in San Francisco. Estimates indicate that about 42% of the typically observed premium for cage-free eggs over conventional eggs (and 36% of the premium for organic eggs) can be attributed to egg color rather than differences in hens’ living conditions. Despite the large implicit price premiums for cage-free and organic, our data reveal that most shoppers are not willing to pay such high prices for cage-free and organic attributes.
Post-mortem analysis of tungsten plasma facing components in tokamaks: Raman microscopy measurements on compact, porous oxide and nitride films and nanoparticles
Creators: name: Pardanaud, Cédric
name: Dellasega, David
name: Passoni, Matteo
name: Martin, Céline
name: Roubin, Pascale
name: Addab, Younès
name: Arnas, Cécile
name: Couëdel, Lénaïc
name: Minissale, Marco
name: Salomon, Eric
name: Giacometti, Gregory
name: Merlen, Alexandre
name: Bernard, Elodie
name: Mateus, Rodrigo
name: Alves, Eduardo
name: Siketic, Zdravko
name: Radović, Iva Bogdanović
name: Hakola, Antti
name: Pfc, Eurofusion
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Raman microscopy is one of the methods that could be used for future post-mortem analyses of samples extracted from ITER plasma facing. This study shows that this technique is useful for studying tungsten-based materials containing impurities including oxides and nitrides. Here, we apply pulsed laser deposition and DC argon glow discharges to produce tungsten-containing synthetic films (compact, porous) and nanoparticles and investigate the influence of their morphology on the measured Raman spectra. The amounts of oxygen and/or nitrogen in the films are also investigated. Comparative data are obtained by X-ray Photoelectrons Spectroscopy, Atomic Force Microscopy, Electron Microscopies (Scanning and Transmission), Energy Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, Time-of-Flight Elastic Recoil Detection Analysis. The power density of the laser beam used to perform Raman microscopy is varied by up to 4 orders of magnitude (0.01-20 mW/$μ$m 2) to investigate thermal stability of films and nanoparticles. As a first result, we give evidence that Raman microscopy is sensitive enough to detect surface native oxides. Secondly, more tungsten oxides are detected in porous materials and nanoparticles than in compact films, and the intensities of the Raman band correlate to their oxygen content. Thirdly, thermal stability of these films (i.e. structural and chemical modification under laser heating) is poor when compact films contain a sufficiently large amount of nitrogen. This finding suggests that nitrogen can be substituted by oxygen during Raman laser induced heating occurring in ambient air. Finally, our methodology can be used to rapidly characterize morphology and chemistry of the samples analyzed, and also to create oxides at the micrometer scale. keywords: PLD, Raman spectroscopy, tungsten oxide, tungsten nitride, plasma wall interaction, laser heating, post-mortem analysis 2
description: Nuclear Fusion, IOP Publishing, 2020
Higher dimensional Auslander-Reiten theory on maximal orthogonal subcategories
Creators: name: Iyama, Osamu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 16E30, 16G70

description: Auslander-Reiten theory is fundamental to study categories which appear in representation theory, for example, modules over artin algebras, Cohen-Macaulay modules over Cohen-Macaulay rings, lattices over orders, and coherent sheaves on projective curves. In these Auslander-Reiten theories, the number `2' is quite symbolic. For one thing, almost split sequences give minimal projective resolutions of simple functors of projective dimension `2'. For another, Cohen-Macaulay rings of Krull-dimension `2' provide us with one of the most beautiful situation in representation theory, which is closely related to McKay's observation on simple singularities. In this sense, usual Auslander-Reiten theory should be `2-dimensional' theory, and it be natural to find a setting for higher dimensional Auslander-Reiten theory from the viewpoint of representation theory and non-commutative algebraic geometry. We introduce maximal $(n-1)$-orthogonal subcategories as a natural domain of higher dimensional Auslander-Reiten theory which should be `$(n+1)$-dimensional'. We show that the $n$-Auslander-Reiten translation functor and the $n$-Auslander-Reiten duality can be defined quite naturally for such categories. Using them, we show that our categories have {\it $n$-almost split sequences}, which give minimal projective resolutions of simple objects of projective dimension `$n+1$' in functor categories. We show that an invariant subring (of Krull-dimension `$n+1$') corresponding to a finite subgroup $G$ of ${\rm GL}(n+1,k)$ has a natural maximal $(n-1)$-orthogonal subcategory. We give a classification of all maximal 1-orthogonal subcategories for representation-finite selfinjective algebras and representation-finite Gorenstein orders of classical type.
description: 25 pages. Final Version. To appear in Adv. Math
Additional file 6 of An educational pathway and teaching materials for first aid training of children in sub-Saharan Africa based on the best available evidence
Creators: name: Buck, Emmy De
name: Laermans, Jorien
name: Anne-Catherine Vanhove
name: Dockx, Kim
name: Vandekerckhove, Philippe
name: Geduld, Heike
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 6. Description of consensus methods used during expert panel meeting
Consumer Impact of Animal Welfare Regulation in the California Poultry Industry
Creators: name: Allender, William J.
name: Richards, Timothy J.
name: Allender, William J.
name: Richards, Timothy J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: animal welfare regulation
subject: California poultry
subject: egg prices
subject: egg supply
subject: hen housing
subject: mixed logit
subject: willingness to pay

description: This study examines the consumer welfare impact of animal welfare legislation mandating cage-free egg production in California. We estimate California egg consumers’ willingness to pay (WTP) for cage-free eggs using household-level purchase data and compare the implied premium to higher production costs when calculating the potential change in consumer surplus. Our findings suggest that larger households and/or households with limited means are most likely to be affected. Furthermore, the implied welfare loss for consumers is approximately $106 million. Although consumers value cage-free eggs, higher production costs result in a net welfare loss to consumers. One implication of this finding is that a clear labeling practice may be a more efficient way to motivate animal welfare and non-cage systems.
Second-Order Ambiguity in Very Low Probability Risks: Food Safety Valuation
Creators: name: Kivi, Paul A.
name: Shogren, Jason F.
name: Kivi, Paul A.
name: Shogren, Jason F.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: ambiguity
subject: ambiguity avoidance
subject: expected utility theory
subject: food safety
subject: low probability events
subject: risk
subject: second-order probabilities
subject: uncertainty

description: Food consumption involves inherently risky decisions with uncertain probabilities. This study examines how second-order ambiguity, or uncertainty over probabilities, affects food safety decisions. We conduct a food safety survey wherein subjects face both unambiguous and ambiguous situations, each with the same expected value. Respondents show a preference for unambiguous situations and state a willingness to pay to avoid ambiguity
Additional file 2 of Protist enteroparasites in wild boar (Sus scrofa ferus) and black Iberian pig (Sus scrofa domesticus) in southern Spain: a protective effect on hepatitis E acquisition?
Creators: name: Rivero-Juarez, Antonio
name: Dashti, Alejandro
name: López-López, Pedro
name: Muadica, Aly Salimo
name: Risalde, Maria De Los Angeles
name: Köster, Pamela C.
name: Machuca, Isabel
name: Bailo, Begoña
name: Mingo, Marta Hernández De
name: Dacal, Elena
name: García-Bocanegra, Ignacio
name: Saugar, José M.
name: Calero-Bernal, Rafael
name: González-Barrio, David
name: Rivero, Antonio
name: Briz, Verónica
name: Carmena, David
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2: Table S2. Diversity, frequency, and main molecular features of G. duodenalis isolates in swine samples. GenBank accession numbers of representative sequences are provided. Novel genotypes are underlined.
Flight Software Development for the EIRSAT-1 Mission
Creators: name: Doyle, Maeve
name: Gloster, Andrew
name: O'Toole, Conor
name: Mangan, Joseph
name: Murphy, David
name: Dunwoody, Rachel
name: Emam, Masoud
name: Erkal, Jessica
name: Flanaghan, Joe
name: Fontanesi, Gianluca
name: Okosun, Favour
name: Nair, Rakhi Rajagopalan
name: Reilly, Jack
name: Salmon, Lána
name: Sherwin, Daire
name: Thompson, Joseph
name: Walsh, Sarah
name: de Faoite, Daithí
name: Javaid, Umair
name: McBreen, Sheila
name: McKeown, David
name: O'Callaghan, Derek
name: O'Connor, William
name: Stanton, Kenneth
name: Ulyanov, Alexei
name: Wall, Ronan
name: Hanlon, Lorraine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Educational Irish Research Satellite, known as EIRSAT-1, is a student-led project to design, build, test and launch Ireland's first satellite. The on-board software for this mission is being developed using Bright Ascension's GenerationOne Flight Software Development Kit. This paper provides an overview of this kit and of EIRSAT-1's on-board software design. Drawing on the team's contrasting experience with writing entirely custom firmware for the mission's science payloads, this work discusses the impact of using a kit on the software development process. The challenges associated with the educational nature of this project are the focus of this discussion. The objective of this paper is to provide useful information for other CubeSat teams assessing software development options.
description: Conference paper submitted to the 3rd Symposium on Space Educational Activities (SSEA 2019)
Solidarity in action: a co-designed special issue with brazilian and international researchers
Creators: name: Luguetti, Carla
name: Gonçalves, Luiza Lana
name: Borges, Cecília
name: Mac Phail, Ann
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 4207
subject: Sports science and exercise
classificationCode: 39
subject: Education

description: The purpose of this paper is to offer a template for colleagues who wish to seize the opportunity to work together across nationalities to interrogate solidarity. In this Special Issue, twenty-two researchers (nine Brazilians and thirteen international) worked in six small groups for two years to write about their experiences with collaborative practices. Drawing on Freire’s concept of solidarity, the editors shared the steps of the co-design process as well as their views which resulted in three themes: (a) the need of heightening the exposure of the Brazilian academic community; (b) our collective care about language and communication; and (c) how in leading this project we rethought ourselves in different ways. We argue that the template of the co-designed Special Issue should be grounded on solidarity when utilised by colleagues in other countries. It is a solidarity based on sharing the struggle to change social inequalities with people and the will to give and rethink ourselves.
The formation of young massive clusters by colliding flows
Creators: name: Dobbs, C. L.
name: Liow, K. Y.
name: Rieder, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Young massive clusters (YMCs) are the most intense regions of star formation in galaxies. Formulating a model for YMC formation whilst at the same time meeting the constraints from observations is highly challenging however. We show that forming YMCs requires clouds with densities $\gtrsim$ 100 cm$^{-3}$ to collide with high velocities ($\gtrsim$ 20 km s$^{-1}$). We present the first simulations which, starting from moderate cloud densities of $\sim100$ cm$^{-3}$, are able to convert a large amount of mass into stars over a time period of around 1 Myr, to produce dense massive clusters similar to those observed. Such conditions are commonplace in more extreme environments, where YMCs are common, but atypical for our Galaxy, where YMCs are rare.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS Letters
Additional file 1 of Protist enteroparasites in wild boar (Sus scrofa ferus) and black Iberian pig (Sus scrofa domesticus) in southern Spain: a protective effect on hepatitis E acquisition?
Creators: name: Rivero-Juarez, Antonio
name: Dashti, Alejandro
name: López-López, Pedro
name: Muadica, Aly Salimo
name: Risalde, Maria De Los Angeles
name: Köster, Pamela C.
name: Machuca, Isabel
name: Bailo, Begoña
name: Mingo, Marta Hernández De
name: Dacal, Elena
name: García-Bocanegra, Ignacio
name: Saugar, José M.
name: Calero-Bernal, Rafael
name: González-Barrio, David
name: Rivero, Antonio
name: Briz, Verónica
name: Carmena, David
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Oligonucleotides used for the molecular identification and/or characterization of the intestinal protist and helminth parasites investigated in the present study.
On the dynamics of the satellite galaxies in NGC 5044
Creators: name: Faltenbacher, Andreas
name: Mathews, William G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The NGC 5044 galaxy group is dominated by a luminous elliptical galaxy which is surrounded by ~160 dwarf satellites. The projected number density profile of this dwarf population deviates within ~1/3 of the virial radius from a projected NFW-profile, which is assumed to approximate the underlying total matter distribution. By means of a semi-analytic model we demonstrate that the interplay between gravitation, dynamical friction and tidal mass loss and destruction can explain the observed number density profile. We use only two parameters in our models: the total to stellar mass fraction of the satellite halos and the disruption efficiency. The disruption efficiency is expressed by a minimum radius. If the tidal radius of the galaxy (halo) falls below this radius the galaxies is assumed to become unobservable. The preferred parameters are an initial total to stellar mass fraction of ~20 and a disruption radius of 4 kpc. In that model about 20% of all the satellites are totally disrupted on their orbits within the group environment. Dynamical friction is less important in shaping the inner slope of the number density profile since the reduction in mass by tidal forces lowers the impact of the friction term. The main destruction mechanism is tide. In the preferred model the total B-band luminosity of all the disrupted galaxies is about twice the observed luminosity of the central elliptical galaxy, indicating that a significant fraction of stars are scattered into the intragroup medium.(Abridged)
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS, 7 pages, 5 figures, LaTeX (uses mn2e.cls)
Funciones de producción y eficiencia técnica en el eje cafetero colombiano: una aproximación con frontera estocástica
Creators: name: Perdomo, Jorge-Andres
name: Hueth, Darrell L.
name: Perdomo, Jorge-Andres
name: Hueth, Darrell L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: función de producción cafetera
subject: pequeños caficultores
subject: medianos caficultores
subject: grandes caficultores y sector general cafetero
subject: frontera estocástica de producción
subject: eficiencia técnica
subject: análisis de economías a escala.

description: Este estudio estimó la forma funcional de producción cafetera en Colombia mediante fronteras estocásticas (FEP). Con esto, se analizó la importancia de los principales insumos empleados en la producción de café (cantidad de hectáreas cultivadas, mano de obra utilizada, maquinaria requerida y cantidad de fertilizantes aplicados), que afectan la productividad. Igualmente, se determinó la existencia de economías a escala en productores pequeños, medianos, grandes y sector general cafetero; ubicados en Caldas, Quindío y Risaralda. Finalmente, fue evaluada la eficiencia técnica (ET) en la producción. Entre los principales resultados, se destaca que la función de producción cafetera tiene una forma funcional Translog minflex Laurent para pequeños, medianos, grandes y sector general del eje cafetero colombiano. Así, para pequeños, medianos y sector general de cafeteros existe ineficiencia técnica y estocástica en la actividad agrícola; caso contrario, en grandes que son eficientes técnicamente aunque no estocásticamente. Por consiguiente, la medida de eficiencia técnica obtenida mediante FEP, indica que el promedio de rendimiento para el sector general es de 70%, en pequeños 70%, medianos 66% y grandes del 99%. Dada la heterogeneidad, en la producción de café, los pequeños, medianos y sector general de caficultores presentan rendimientos crecientes a escala, mientras los grandes cafeteros exhiben rendimientos decrecientes a escala; en el eje cafetero colombiano. De acuerdo con estos resultados, el insumo más importante en el sector cafetero, unidades medianas y pequeñas es el área productiva en café, mientras para los grandes es la mano de obra empleada en el cultivo.
Learning Adversarially Robust Representations via Worst-Case Mutual Information Maximization
Creators: name: Zhu, Sicheng
name: Zhang, Xiao
name: Evans, David
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2024

description: Training machine learning models that are robust against adversarial inputs poses seemingly insurmountable challenges. To better understand adversarial robustness, we consider the underlying problem of learning robust representations. We develop a notion of representation vulnerability that captures the maximum change of mutual information between the input and output distributions, under the worst-case input perturbation. Then, we prove a theorem that establishes a lower bound on the minimum adversarial risk that can be achieved for any downstream classifier based on its representation vulnerability. We propose an unsupervised learning method for obtaining intrinsically robust representations by maximizing the worst-case mutual information between the input and output distributions. Experiments on downstream classification tasks support the robustness of the representations found using unsupervised learning with our training principle.
Additional file 5 of An educational pathway and teaching materials for first aid training of children in sub-Saharan Africa based on the best available evidence
Creators: name: Buck, Emmy De
name: Laermans, Jorien
name: Anne-Catherine Vanhove
name: Dockx, Kim
name: Vandekerckhove, Philippe
name: Geduld, Heike
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 5. Selection criteria research question 2
Identification of intrinsic, interpersonal, and contextual factors influencing disengagement from high performance sport
Creators: name: Newell, Colleen Patricia Quee
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: A qualitative multiple case study research design was implemented to investigate the experience of disengagement from high performance sport among athletes at different stages of this transitional process. The purpose of this study was to examine athletes' anticipated and actual disengagement experiences. Of particular focus were the intrinsic, interpersonal and contextual factors perceived to influence the disengagement experience. Two current high performance athletes, two athletes in the midst of the disengagement transition and two former athletes volunteered to describe their disengagement experiences in in-depth, audio-taped interviews. Interviews were also conducted with two individuals from the athletes' respective personal and sport communities. An analysis of individual cases as well as a cross-case comparison revealed the presence of intrinsic, interpersonal and contextual factors. Intrinsic factors include Positive Framing; Personal Identity; Post-competitive Career Plans; Competitiveness; Self-Confidence; and Cross-career Competency. Interpersonal factors include the Presence and Quality of Interpersonal Support. Contextual factors include the Quadrennial Cycle; Autonomy of the Disengagement Decision; Achievement of Performance Expectations; Organizational Focus; Educational Status; Concurrent Life Changes; and Employment Barriers. These factors were confirmed and refined through feedback interviews with participants. These findings are discussed in terms of their relationship to and extension of earlier research pertaining to retirement from sport. It is argued that these results support the conceptualisation of disengagement from sport is a complex, multi-faceted experience, influenced by a variety of factors.
Sample-efficient benchmarking of multi-photon interference on a boson sampler in the sparse regime
Creators: name: Renema, Jelmer J.
name: Wang, Hui
name: Qin, Jian
name: You, Xiang
name: Lu, Chaoyang
name: Pan, Jianwei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Verification of a quantum advantage in the presence of noise is a key open problem in the study of near-term quantum devices. In this work, we show how to assess the quality of photonic interference in a linear optical quantum device (boson sampler) by using a maximum likelihood method to measure the strength at which various noise sources are present in the experiment. This allows us to use a sparse set of samples to test whether a given boson sampling experiment meets known upper bounds on the level of noise permissible to demonstrate a quantum advantage. Furthermore, this method allows us monitor the evolution of noise in real time, creating a valuable diagnostic tool. Finally, we observe that sources of noise in the experiment compound, meaning that the observed value of the mutual photon indistinguishability, which is the main imperfection in our study, is an effective value taking into account all sources of error in the experiment.
Inherent global stabilization of unstable local behavior in coupled map lattices
Creators: name: Atmanspacher, H.
name: Scheingraber, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The behavior of two-dimensional coupled map lattices is studied with respect to the global stabilization of unstable local fixed points without external control. It is numerically shown under which circumstances such inherent global stabilization can be achieved for both synchronous and asynchronous updating. Two necessary conditions for inherent global stabilization are derived analytically.
description: 17 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication in Int.J.Bif.Chaos
Market Access for Local Food through the Conventional Food Supply Chain
Creators: name: Abate-Kassa, Getachew
name: Peterson, H. Christopher
name: Abate-Kassa, Getachew
name: Peterson, H. Christopher
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Financial Economics
subject: local food
subject: supply chain
subject: buying local

description: The paper examines relationships and linkages between the conventional supply chain actors (wholesalers and retailers) and local food producers based on a study conducted in Southeast Michigan. A case study approach was employed to examine chain actors’ operations and to explore their roles, experiences and perceptions about local foods. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with the owners and managers of eleven retailers and six wholesalers. The study found differences in local food perceptions, buying experiences and perceived benefits and risks associated with local food sourcing activities. The study also identified some competition between local independent food retailers and alternative market outlets. The major implication of the findings is that producers need to provide additional market services and develop trust-based relationships with their buyers to create better market access for local foods.
Processed Chili Peppers for Export Markets: A Capital Budgeting Study on the AgroFood Company
Creators: name: Shelaby, Ayman A.
name: Semida, Wael M.
name: Warnock, Daniel F.
name: Hahn, David E.
name: Shelaby, Ayman A.
name: Semida, Wael M.
name: Warnock, Daniel F.
name: Hahn, David E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Production Economics
subject: Decision case
subject: horticulture
subject: agriculture economics
subject: chili pepper production
subject: protected vegetable production

description: The AgroFood Company, which currently exports fresh chili peppers to European clients, desires to expand the product mix offered. The company, as it expands its production of fresh peppers for export, has an increasing supply of grade 2 peppers that are unmarketable in Egypt. However, an attractive market for processed frozen chili peppers exists in Europe. To expand their client base, capitalize on a value added product, and minimize product waste, the AgroFood Company desires to develop processing practices for chili peppers produced in Egypt. The AgroFood Company would like to identify its options in the processed pepper market. An analysis of the company, competition, consumer, market channel, and conditions, provides insight into possible solutions to the challenges faced by the farm management. Designed for undergraduate classroom use, this case will provide students with an opportunity to evaluate the merits of business expansion into a high capacity, automated mechanical processing facility for grade 2 vegetables.
Multipolar Effective-One-Body Waveforms for Precessing Binary Black Holes: Construction and Validation
Creators: name: Ossokine, Serguei
name: Buonanno, Alessandra
name: Marsat, Sylvain
name: Cotesta, Roberto
name: Babak, Stanislav
name: Dietrich, Tim
name: Haas, Roland
name: Hinder, Ian
name: Pfeiffer, Harald P.
name: Pürrer, Michael
name: Woodford, Charles J.
name: Boyle, Michael
name: Kidder, Lawrence E.
name: Scheel, Mark A.
name: Szilágyi, Béla
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As gravitational-wave detectors become more sensitive, we will access a greater variety of signals emitted by compact binary systems, shedding light on their astrophysical origin and environment. A key physical effect that can distinguish among formation scenarios is the misalignment of the spins with the orbital angular momentum, causing the spins and the binary's orbital plane to precess. To accurately model such systems, it is crucial to include multipoles beyond the dominant quadrupole. Here, we develop the first multipolar precessing waveform model in the effective-one-body (EOB) formalism for the inspiral, merger and ringdown (IMR) of binary black holes: SEOBNRv4PHM. In the nonprecessing limit, the model reduces to SEOBNRv4HM, which was calibrated to numerical-relativity (NR) simulations, and waveforms from perturbation theory. We validate SEOBNRv4PHM by comparing it to the public catalog of 1405 precessing NR waveforms of the Simulating eXtreme Spacetimes (SXS) collaboration, and also to new 118 precessing NR waveforms, which span mass ratios 1-4 and spins up to 0.9. We stress that SEOBNRv4PHM is not calibrated to NR simulations in the precessing sector. We compute the unfaithfulness against the 1523 SXS precessing NR waveforms, and find that, for $94\%$ ($57\%$) of the cases, the maximum value, in the total mass range $20-200 M_\odot$, is below $3\%$ ($1\%$). Those numbers become $83\%$ ($20\%$) when using the IMR, multipolar, precessing phenomenological model IMRPhenomPv3HM. We investigate the impact of such unfaithfulness values with two parameter-estimation studies on synthetic signals. We also compute the unfaithfulness between those waveform models and identify in which part of the parameter space they differ the most. We validate them also against the multipolar, precessing NR surrogate model NRSur7dq4, and find that the SEOBNRv4PHM model outperforms IMRPhenomPv3HM.
description: 24 pages, 18 figures. Abstract abridged
Enterprise Risk Management at Top Agro Inc.
Creators: name: Braga, Francesco S.
name: Braga, Francesco S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: supply chain
subject: enterprise risk management
subject: currency risk management
subject: crop protection.

description: Top Agro (TA - not its real name) is a small crop protection start-up operating in the European Union. In a relatively short period of time TA has been able to secure a reasonable profit margin and build a solid niche in the Italian crop protection market. The driving force in their success is the professional expertise of the two owners, their knowledge of the domestic market, and the highly flexible business model they’ve developed. Chemicals are sourced either in the Far East via a Hong Kong based commercial partner or purchased directly from other European domestic suppliers. TA is responsible for the formulation and packaging of the finished product, which is then distributed in the domestic Italian market. Although TA is now profitable, further sales growth is unlikely. One of the owners is convinced that significant benefits may be obtained by identifying and controlling the key risks that TA is exposed to, in particular by reducing the price risk in their international supply chain. This case has been classroom tested at the senior undergraduate and MBA level with good results. It works well as opening case for an eMBA course on managing price risk, as it provides an opportunity to map the risk “opportunity set” via the ERM challenging students to reason and set intervention priorities by focusing on currency exchange rates and risk management as the most immediate and promising action.
The Role of Private Sector in Agricultural Development: An Executive Interview with Joseph Zed Bahsoon
Creators: name: Goldsmith, Peter D.
name: Goldsmith, Peter D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Farm Management
subject: International Development
subject: Sierra Leone
subject: collaboration
subject: small holders
subject: Farmers to markets.

description: The Bennimix Food Co. Ltd., established in 1989 is the only food company currently operating in Sierra Leone, a small country of six million people on Africa’s west coast. They produce Bennimix, which is a complementary porridge made of rice, sesame, pigeon pea, and sugar for children ages 6-24 months. Dr. Bahsoon bought a manufacturing facility in Bo, the second largest city that lies 250 km east of Freetown. The firm although badly looted, survived the long and brutal civil war, and now faces the many challenges of competing with imported food aid products and sourcing a consistent supply of raw grain inputs from over 600 small farmers. IFAMR Executive Editor, Peter Goldsmith recently sat down with Dr. Bahsoon in his offices in Freetown and Bo to discuss his experiences in private enterprise over the last 17 years.