cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Constraints on changes in the proton-electron mass ratio using methanol lines
Creators: name: Kanekar, N.
name: Ubachs, W.
name: Menten, K. M.
name: Bagdonaite, J.
name: Brunthaler, A.
name: Henkel, C.
name: Muller, S.
name: Bethlem, H. L.
name: Dapra, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array (VLA) absorption spectroscopy in four methanol (CH$_3$OH) lines in the $z = 0.88582$ gravitational lens towards PKS1830-211. Three of the four lines have very different sensitivity coefficients $K_μ$ to changes in the proton-electron mass ratio $μ$; a comparison between the line redshifts thus allows us to test for temporal evolution in $μ$. We obtain a stringent statistical constraint on changes in $μ$ by comparing the redshifted 12.179 GHz and 60.531 GHz lines, $[Δmu/μ] \leq 1.1 \times 10^{-7}$ ($2σ$) over $0 < z \leq 0.88582$, a factor of $\approx 2.5$ more sensitive than the best earlier results. However, the higher signal-to-noise ratio (by a factor of $\approx 2$) of the VLA spectrum in the 12.179 GHz transition also indicates that this line has a different shape from that of the other three CH$_3$OH lines (at $> 4σ$ significance). The sensitivity of the above result, and that of all earlier CH$_3$OH studies, is thus likely to be limited by unknown systematic errors, probably arising due to the frequency-dependent structure of PKS1830-211. A robust result is obtained by combining the three lines at similar frequencies, 48.372, 48.377 and 60.531 GHz, whose line profiles are found to be in good agreement. This yields the $2σ$ constraint $[Δμ/μ] \lesssim 4 \times 10^{-7}$, the most stringent current constraint on changes in $μ$. We thus find no evidence for changes in the proton-electron mass ratio over a lookback time of $\approx 7.5$ Gyrs.
description: 6 pages, 1 figure; accepted for publication in MNRAS Letters
Radio sound archives: their origins and organization with special reference to the Egyptian Radio
Creators: name: Azmey, Hesham M.
Publisher: name: Loughborough University
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This study discusses the Egyptian Radio Sound Archives, which came into being in 1934 to serve the radio professional community. The study begins with an overall view of various kinds of sound archives and the types of organization required in them. The history of radio sound archives, as well as their functions, collection, organization and staff are discussed in detail. Various systems in sound archives in five European countries are examined, providing a useful background for establishing guidelines and recommendations for the Egyptian Radio Sound Archives. The Egyptian Radio and its sound archives are described in detail, followed by an assessment of the existing information retrieval system, outlining constraints and potential for improvement. Proposals are made for an expanded manual system as well as an automated system. The advantages of using a microcomputer-based system, as well as the system requirements, hardware and software specifications, staff training and costs are discussed.
title: Hungry wolves and dangerous prey: a tale of prey switching
Creators: name: Prokopenko, Christina Marie
Publisher: name: Memorial University of Newfoundland
Year: 2023

description: For 40 years wolves have subsisted on elk in Riding Mountain National Park – an intensively monitored system. During 24 continuous months of fieldwork, I uncovered a novel observation of prey switching. Wolves switched to a more dangerous alternative, moose, from the historical and vulnerable prey, elk. Generalist predators are ubiquitous but testing mechanisms of population-level prey switching in charismatic megafauna is rare. I empirically test foundational theory with long-term data on predator consumption and prey population abundance to identify processes underlying prey switching. First, the urgency of acquiring energy mediates space-use behaviour of wolves; hunger drove a fine-scale switch in prey tracking. Hunger increased the preference for moose catchability and decreased tracking of elk. Movement patterns of hungry wolves are indicative of area-restricted search behavior to promote encounter rates. Second, I tested the ideal gas law’s ability to describe encounter rates between predators and prey. Wolf movement rate governed the effective speed, and consequently, encounters in the system. Winter kills increase with effective speed and total light for moose, but not for elk. There was a seasonal switch in these prey-specific relationships, where only elk kills increased with effective speed and total light in summer. Third, I express a functional response of a single predator to the abundance of two prey types, dissimilar in energy and time costs to predators when searching, attacking, and consuming prey. This model operationalizes the balance of costs and gains inherent in foragers pursuing their next meal. I simulate how optimal foraging decisions produces prey switching. Fourth, I empirically test this model with data collected on wolf diets and prey abundance in Riding Mountain National Park since 1970. Despite moose being most abundant and consumed, wolves still maintain their preference for elk over moose. The switching observations at both the population and pack level support optimal foraging predictions; wolves prefer elk but their preference for elk declined as the total prey biomass available declined. From search to consumption, my research captures echoes of broad scale population contexts resonating within the fine-scale behaviours of a predator in a multi-prey system.
Combined Atomic Force Microscope and Volumetric Light Sheet System for Correlative Force and Fluorescence Mechanobiology Studies
Creators: name: Hobson, C.M.
name: Watanabe, T.
name: Grinstein, S.
name: Falvo, M.R.
name: Hahn, K.M.
name: Kern, M.E.
name: Condon, B.M.
name: O’Brien III, E.T.
name: Boyce, M.
name: Hsiao, J.P.
name: Superfine, R.
name: Nelsen, E.
Publisher: name: Nature Research
Year: 2020

description: The central goals of mechanobiology are to understand how cells generate force and how they respond to environmental mechanical stimuli. A full picture of these processes requires high-resolution, volumetric imaging with time-correlated force measurements. Here we present an instrument that combines an open-top, single-objective light sheet fluorescence microscope with an atomic force microscope (AFM), providing simultaneous volumetric imaging with high spatiotemporal resolution and high dynamic range force capability (10 pN – 100 nN). With this system we have captured lysosome trafficking, vimentin nuclear caging, and actin dynamics on the order of one second per single-cell volume. To showcase the unique advantages of combining Line Bessel light sheet imaging with AFM, we measured the forces exerted by a macrophage during FcɣR-mediated phagocytosis while performing both sequential two-color, fixed plane and volumetric imaging of F-actin. This unique instrument allows for a myriad of novel studies investigating the coupling of cellular dynamics and mechanical forces.
Additional file 1 of Placental growth factor mediates pathological uterine angiogenesis by activating the NFAT5-SGK1 signaling axis in the endometrium: implications for preeclampsia development
Creators: name: Raja Xavier, Janet P.
name: Okumura, Toshiyuki
name: Apweiler, Melina
name: Chacko, Nirzari A.
name: Singh, Yogesh
name: Brucker, Sara Y
name: Takeda, Satoru
name: Lang, Florian
name: Salker, Madhuri S
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Physiology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Supplementary Material 1
Garamantas.lv lietotāju 'piecminūšu aptaujas' metodoloģija, kods un dati
Creators: name: Daugavietis, Jānis
name: Kunda, Ilona
name: Karlsone, Agnese
name: Kristāla, Ance
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: DH VPP
DH
UX
lietotāju aptauja
garamantas.lv

description: Ar mērķi, lai Latvijas digitālu humanitāro zinātņu rīku un resursu (DH RR) uzturētāji varētu veikt standartizētas, atkārtojamas un viegli izmantojamas savu rīku un resursu lietotāju aptaujas, strādājām pie šāda aptaujas rīka un metodoloģijas izveides. Galvenais uzstādījums bija izveidot tādu aptauju, kas ir maksimāli īsa, respondentus nenogurdinoša un neatbiedējoša, tai pat laikā sniedzot būtiskākos datus par DH RR lietojamību, tādus, kas nav iegūstami ar Google Analytics rīku vai analizējot lietošanas statistiku (log data). Iesaistot DH VPP partnerinstitūciju pārstāvjus, tika veidota anketa un veikta aptaujas testēšana. Tika izveidota 15 jautājumu anketa (neskaitot precizējošos papildjautājumus) trīs valodās – latviešu, angļu un krievu. Jautājumus nosacīti var dalīt divās grupās – DH RR lietošanas biežums, veidi un savas pieredzes novērtēšana, kā arī daži sociāli-demogrāfiskie jautājumi. Anketa deponēta brīvpieejā kopā ar aptaujas metodoloģisko aprakstu un aptaujas rīka LimeSurvey kodu (sk. atsauci beigās). Šīs tiešsaistes aptaujas izplatīšanai (respondentu rekrutēšanai) var izmantot dažādas stratēģijas. Viena no tām ir ‘izlecošā aptaujas loga’ pieeja, kad pēc noteiktiem kritērijiem izvēlētiem konkrētā RR apmeklētājiem parādās jauns interneta pārlūkprogrammas logs, kurā viņi tiek aicināti piedalīties aptaujā, sniedzot īsu aprakstu un saiti uz aptaujas sākuma adresi (URL). Šī respondentu rekrutācijas stratēģija tika izmantota, veicot resursa garamantas.lv lietotāju aptauju, kas noritēja no 2022-07-27 līdz 2022-10-24. Anketu bija atvēruši 953 garamantas.lv apmeklētāju, no tiem daļēji aizpildījuši 188, bet pilnīgi – 142, kas tiešsaistes aptaujām uzskatāma par labu atbildētību (respondenci). Te deponēts: Metodoloģiskais apraksts, anketa (trīs valodās). Aptauju rīka LimeSurvey struktūra [faili, kods]. Oriģinālie dati (*.dat;*csv; *xls). Aptaujas metodoloģija izstrādāta un aptauja veikta Valsts pētījuma programmas "Humanitāro zinātņu digitālie resursi" projekta "Humanitāro zinātņu digitālie resursi: integrācija un attīstība" (Nr. VPP-IZM-DH-2020/1-0001) (DH VPP) ietvaros. http://www.digitalhumanities.lv/projekti/DHVPP/
Online optimization of storage ring nonlinear beam dynamics
Creators: name: Huang, Xiaobiao
name: Safranek, James
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose to optimize the nonlinear beam dynamics of existing and future storage rings with direct online optimization techniques. This approach may have crucial importance for the implementation of diffraction limited storage rings. In this paper considerations and algorithms for the online optimization approach are discussed. We have applied this approach to experimentally improve the dynamic aperture of the SPEAR3 storage ring with the robust conjugate direction search method and the particle swarm optimization method. The dynamic aperture was improved by more than 5 mm within a short period of time. Experimental setup and results are presented.
The MUSE 3D view of the Hubble Deep Field South
Creators: name: Bacon, R.
name: Brinchmann, J.
name: Richard, J.
name: Contini, T.
name: Drake, A.
name: Franx, M.
name: Tacchella, S.
name: Vernet, J.
name: Wisotzki, L.
name: Blaizot, J.
name: Bouché, N.
name: Bouwens, R.
name: Cantalupo, S.
name: Carollo, C. M.
name: Carton, D.
name: Caruana, J.
name: Clément, B.
name: Dreizler, S.
name: Epinat, B.
name: Guiderdoni, B.
name: Herenz, C.
name: Husser, T. -O.
name: Kamann, S.
name: Kerutt, J.
name: Kollatschny, W.
name: Krajnovic, D.
name: Lilly, S.
name: Martinsson, T.
name: Michel-Dansac, L.
name: Patricio, V.
name: Schaye, J.
name: Shirazi, M.
name: Soto, K.
name: Soucail, G.
name: Steinmetz, M.
name: Urrutia, T.
name: Weilbacher, P.
name: de Zeeuw, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We observed the Hubble Deep Field South with the new panoramic integral field spectrograph MUSE that we built and just commissioned at the VLT. The data cube resulting from 27 hours of integration covers one arcmin^2 field of view at an unprecedented depth with a 1 sigma emission line surface brightness limit of 1x$10^{-19}$ erg/s/cm$^2$/arcsec$^2$ and contains ~90,000 spectra. We present the combined and calibrated data cube, and we perform a first-pass analysis of the sources detected in the HDF-S imaging. We measured the redshifts of 189 sources up to a magnitude F814W = 29.5, increasing by more than an order of magnitude the number of known spectroscopic redshifts in this field. We also discovered 26 Lya emitting galaxies which are not detected in the HST WFPC2 deep broad band images. The intermediate spectral resolution of 2.3Å allows us to separate resolved asymmetric Lya emitters, [O II] emitters, and C III] emitters and the large instantaneous wavelength range of 4500Å helps to identify single emission lines. We also show how the three dimensional information of MUSE helps to resolve sources which are confused at ground-based image quality. Overall, secure identifications are provided for 83% of the 227 emission line sources detected in the MUSE data cube and for 32% of the 586 sources identified in the HST catalog of Casertano et al 2000. The overall redshift distribution is fairly flat to z=6.3, with a reduction between z=1.5 to 2.9, in the well-known redshift desert. The field of view of MUSE also allowed us to detect 17 groups within the field. We checked that the number counts of [O II] and Ly-a emitters are roughly consistent with predictions from the literature. Using two examples we demonstrate that MUSE is able to provide exquisite spatially resolved spectroscopic information on intermediate redshift galaxies present in the field.
description: 21 pages, 20 figures. Note that the catalogues, data cube and associated spectra will be released upon acceptance of the paper
Blister resistant targets for nuclear reaction experiments with α-particle beams
Creators: name: Iliadis, C.
name: Hunt, C.
name: Hunt, S.
name: Falvo, M.R.
Publisher: name: Elsevier B.V.
Year: 2019

description: Solid targets for nuclear measurements that use α-particle beams commonly experience a form of degradation known as blistering. The effect can prevent the use of solid targets for high intensity α-particle experiments, often necessitating complex gas target systems. To combat this problem, three different blister resistant target backings were designed for use in direct reaction measurements with high intensity α-particle beams. The blister resistant target designs utilize gas diffusive properties of fused silica, sintered metal, and porous evaporated metal. Each target was implanted with 22 Ne ions and bombarded with α-particle beam to test blister resistance. Targets were characterized and monitored using the 22 Ne(p,γ) 23 Na reaction to determine the degradation of implanted material, and compare them to typical implanted noble gas targets. We find that all targets studied exhibit resistance to blistering, with the porous evaporated metal targets displaying the least amount of target material degradation.
Paradigms of the Self_ Joydip Sengupta - Hakara.pdf
Creators: name: Joydip Sengupta
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 190599 Visual Arts and Crafts not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Arts (arts, history of arts, performing arts, music)
subject: 190502 Fine Arts (incl. Sculpture and Painting)

description: : This article focuses on the nature of my art practice where I have explored ideas based on aspects of the self within the context of humanity at large. The human form carries within a representation of an archetypal image which is both a portrayal of the individual and the masses. By merging the self into the other I have shown that the individual is a fragment of a larger entity where all life forms are connected by an underlying principle which is all pervading. When an individual is part of a larger social framework, there is bound to be a dependence on transfer of knowledge from a group or ancestry. It is in this transfer that an individual is bound to humanity for direction and guidance. This inter-connectedness does not end here and is carried on to other living and non-living entities. There is a larger force at work representing the self, humanity and beyond which is like an energy that connects us all with everything else. These ideas have helped me to shape the human form in newer ways than earlier imagined.
Imaging and Spectroscopic Diagnostics on the Formation of Two Magnetic Flux Ropes Revealed by SDO/AIA and IRIS
Creators: name: Cheng, X.
name: Ding, M. D.
name: Fang, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Helical magnetic flux rope (MFR) is a fundamental structure of corona mass ejections (CMEs) and has been discovered recently to exist as a sigmoidal channel structure prior to its eruption in the extreme ultraviolet (EUV) high temperature passbands of the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA). However, when and where the MFR is built up are still elusive. In this paper, we investigate two MFRs (MFR1 and MFR2) in detail, whose eruptions produced two energetic solar flares and CMEs on 2014 April 18 and 2014 September 10, respectively. The AIA EUV images reveal that for a long time prior to their eruption, both MFR1 and MFR2 are under formation, which is probably through magnetic reconnection between two groups of sheared arcades driven by the shearing and converging flows in the photosphere near the polarity inversion line. At the footpoints of the MFR1, the \textit{Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph} Si IV, C II, and Mg II lines exhibit weak to moderate redshifts and a non-thermal broadening in the pre-flare phase. However, a relatively large blueshift and an extremely strong non-thermal broadening are found at the formation site of the MFR2. These spectral features consolidate the proposition that the reconnection plays an important role in the formation of MFRs. For the MFR1, the reconnection outflow may propagate along its legs, penetrating into the transition region and the chromosphere at the footpoints. For the MFR2, the reconnection probably takes place in the lower atmosphere and results in the strong blueshift and non-thermal broadening for the Mg II, C II, and Si IV lines.
description: 12 pages, 13 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ, any comments are welocome
On the chirality of a discrete Dirac-Kähler equation
Creators: name: Sushch, Volodymyr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 39A12, 39A70, 35Q41

description: We discuss a discrete analogue of the Dirac-Kähler equation in which chiral properties of the continual counterpart are captured. We pay special attention to a discrete Hodge star operator. To build one a combinatorial construction of double complex is used. We describe discrete exterior calculus operations on a double comlex and obtain the discrete Dirac-Kähler equation using these tools. Self-dual and anti-self-dual discrete inhomogeneous forms are presented. The chiral invariance of the massless discrete Dirac-Kähler equation is shown. Moreover, in the massive case we prove that a discrete Dirac-Kähler operator flips the chirality.
description: 18 pages. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1307.1220
Additional file 1: of Surveillance for severe hand, foot, and mouth disease from 2009 to 2015 in Jiangsu province: epidemiology, etiology, and disease burden
Creators: name: Ji, Hong
name: Fan, Huan
name: Peng-Xiao Lu
name: Zhang, Xue-Feng
name: Ai, Jing
name: Shi, Chao
name: Huo, Xiang
name: Bao, Chang-Jun
name: Shan, Jun
name: Jin, Yu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Table S1. Specific parameters for calculating the rates in severe HFMD cases by time, regions, and population. (DOC 66 kb)
Trends of Demographic and Clinical Features of Alopecia Areata in Benghazi-Libya.pdf
Creators: name: Enaairi, Tarik
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 110304 Dermatology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Trends of Demographic and Clinical Features of Alopecia Areata in Benghazi-Libya
Optic detectors calibration for measuring ultra-high energy extensive air showers Cherenkov radiation by 532 nm laser
Creators: name: Knurenko, Stanislav
name: Egorov, Yuri
name: Petrov, Igor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Calibration of a PMT matrix is crucial for the treatment of the data obtained with Cherenkov tracking detector. Furthermore, due to high variability of the aerosol abundance in the atmosphere depending on season, weather etc. A constant monitoring of the atmospheric transparency is required during the measurements. For this purpose, besides traditional methods, a station for laser atmospheric probing is used.
description: 24th European Cosmic Ray Symposium (ECRS2014), Kiel, Germany
Additional file 2 of Placental growth factor mediates pathological uterine angiogenesis by activating the NFAT5-SGK1 signaling axis in the endometrium: implications for preeclampsia development
Creators: name: Raja Xavier, Janet P.
name: Okumura, Toshiyuki
name: Apweiler, Melina
name: Chacko, Nirzari A.
name: Singh, Yogesh
name: Brucker, Sara Y
name: Takeda, Satoru
name: Lang, Florian
name: Salker, Madhuri S
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Physiology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Supplementary Material 2
Combined Selective Plane Illumination Microscopy and FRAP Maps Intranuclear Diffusion of NLS-GFP
Creators: name: Falvo, M.R.
name: O'Brien, E.T.
name: Hobson, C.M.
name: Superfine, R.
Publisher: name: Biophysical Society
Year: 2020

description: Since its initial development in 1976, fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) has been one of the most popular tools for studying diffusion and protein dynamics in living cells. Its popularity is derived from the widespread availability of confocal microscopes and the relative ease of the experiment and analysis. FRAP, however, is limited in its ability to resolve spatial heterogeneity. Here, we combine selective plane illumination microscopy (SPIM) and FRAP to create SPIM-FRAP, wherein we use a sheet of light to bleach a two-dimensional (2D) plane and subsequently image the recovery of the same image plane. This provides simultaneous quantification of diffusion or protein recovery for every pixel in a given 2D slice, thus moving FRAP measurements beyond these previous limitations. We demonstrate this technique by mapping both intranuclear diffusion of NLS-GFP and recovery of 53BP1-mCherry, a marker for DNA damage, in live MDA-MB-231 cells. SPIM-FRAP proves to be an order of magnitude faster than fluorescence-correlation-spectroscopy-based techniques for such measurements. We observe large length-scale (>∼500 nm) heterogeneity in the recovery times of NLS-GFP, which is validated against simulated data sets. 2D maps of NLS-GFP recovery times showed no pixel-by-pixel correlation with histone density, although slower diffusion was observed in nucleoli. Additionally, recovery of 53BP1-mCherry was observed to be slowed at sites of DNA damage. We finally developed a diffusion simulation for our SPIM-FRAP experiments to compare across techniques. Our measured diffusion coefficients are on the order of previously reported results, thus validating the quantitative accuracy of SPIM-FRAP relative to well-established methods. With the recent rise of accessibility of SPIM systems, SPIM-FRAP is set to provide a straightforward means of quantifying the spatial distribution of protein recovery or diffusion in living cells.
View-mod: A versatile illumination engine with a modular optical design for fluorescence microscopy
Creators: name: Hahn, K.M.
name: Hsiao, J.
name: Liu, B.
name: Hobson, C.M.
name: Superfine, R.
name: O’Brien, T.
name: Falvo, M.R.
name: Pimenta, F.M.
name: Nelsen, E.
Publisher: name: OSA - The Optical Society
Year: 2019

description: We developed VIEW-MOD (Versatile Illumination Engine with a Modular Optical Design): a compact, multi-modality microscope, which accommodates multiple illumination schemes including variable angle total internal reflection, point scanning and vertical/horizontal light sheet. This system allows combining and flexibly switching between different illuminations and imaging modes by employing three electrically tunable lenses and two fast-steering mirrors. This versatile optics design provides control of 6 degrees of freedom of the illumination source (3 translation, 2 tilt, and beam shape) plus the axial position of the imaging plane. We also developed standalone software with an easy-to-use GUI to calibrate and control the microscope. We demonstrate the applications of this system and software in biosensor imaging, optogenetics and fast 3D volume imaging. This system is ready to fit into complex imaging circumstances requiring precise control of illumination and detection paths, and has a broad scope of usability for a myriad of biological applications.
Additional Information, Figures and Tables from Famine–related mortality in early life and accelerated life histories in nineteenth-century Belgium
Creators: name: Pink, Katharina E.
name: Quinlan, Robert J.
name: Hin, Saskia
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: Density-dependent and extrinsic mortality are predicted to accelerate reproductive maturation. The first 5 years of life is a proposed sensitive period for life-history regulation. This study examines the ways in which local mortality during this sensitive period was related to subsequent marriage timing in nineteenth-century Belgium (N women = 11 892; N men = 14 140). Local mortality during the sensitive period was inversely associated with age at first marriage for men and women controlling for literacy, occupational status, population growth and migration. Cox regression indicated decreased time to marriage for women (HR = 1.661, 95% CI: 1.542–1.789) and men (HR = 1.327, 95% CI: 1.238–1.422) from high mortality municipalities. Rising population growth rates were associated with earlier marriage for men. Migration in general was associated with later marriage for men and women. Consistent with life-history predictions, harsh ecological conditions such as famine coincided with earlier marriage.
National strategies and continent-wide facilitation for the implementation of Open Science practices in Africa
Creators: name: Mchunu, Nokuthula P.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Presentation held at NISO.plus 2023:
 African Open Science Platform (AOSP) - Vision and Strands “African scientists are at the cutting edge of contemporary, data-intensive science as a fundamental resource for a modern society. They are innovative global exponents and advocates of Open Science and leaders in addressing African and Global Challenges.”  Develop a federated network of computational facilities and services, software tools and advice on policies and practices of research data management, Develop Data Science and AI Institute spanning and embedded at African institutions, Promote collaboration on African priority application programmes – ranging from health, biodiversity, disaster risk reduction, agriculture and open innovation resilient cities etc., Create a Network for Education and Skills in data and information, Create a Network for Open Science Access and Dialogue.
Four-body contributions to B -> Xs gamma at NLO
Creators: name: Huber, Tobias
name: Poradzinski, Michal
name: Virto, Javier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ongoing efforts to reduce the perturbative uncertainty in the B -> Xs gamma decay rate have resulted in a theory estimate to NNLO in QCD. However, a few contributions from multi-parton final states which are formally NLO are still unknown. These are parametrically small and included in the estimated error from higher order corrections, but must be computed if one is to claim complete knowledge of the B -> Xs gamma rate to NLO. A major part of these unknown pieces are four-body contributions corresponding to the partonic process b -> s qbar q gamma. We compute these NLO four-body contributions to B -> Xs gamma, and confirm the corresponding tree-level leading-order results. While the NLO contributions arise from tree-level and one-loop Feynman diagrams, the four-body phase-space integrations make the computation non-trivial. The decay rate contains collinear logarithms arising from the mass regularization of collinear divergences. We perform an exhaustive numerical analysis, and find that these contributions are positive and amount to no more than 1% of the total rate in the Standard Model, thus confirming previous estimates of the perturbative uncertainty.
description: 37 pages, 8 figures
Additional Information, Figures and Tables from Famine related mortality in early life and accelerated life histories in nineteenth-century Belgium
Creators: name: Pink, Katharina E.
name: Quinlan, Robert J.
name: Hin, Saskia
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: Density-dependent and extrinsic mortality are predicted to accelerate reproductive maturation. The first 5 years of life is a proposed sensitive period for life-history regulation. This study examines the ways in which local mortality during this sensitive period was related to subsequent marriage timing in nineteenth-century Belgium (N women = 11 892; N men = 14 140). Local mortality during the sensitive period was inversely associated with age at first marriage for men and women controlling for literacy, occupational status, population growth and migration. Cox regression indicated decreased time to marriage for women (HR = 1.661, 95% CI: 1.542–1.789) and men (HR = 1.327, 95% CI: 1.238–1.422) from high mortality municipalities. Rising population growth rates were associated with earlier marriage for men. Migration in general was associated with later marriage for men and women. Consistent with life-history predictions, harsh ecological conditions such as famine coincided with earlier marriage.
Observation of Low-frequency Interlayer Breathing Modes in Few-layer Black Phosphorus
Creators: name: Ling, Xi
name: Liang, Liangbo
name: Huang, Shengxi
name: Puretzky, Alexander A.
name: Geohegan, David B.
name: Sumpter, Bobby G.
name: Kong, Jing
name: Meunier, Vincent
name: Dresselhaus, Mildred S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As a new two-dimensional layered material, black phosphorus (BP) is a promising material for nanoelectronics and nano-optoelectronics. We use Raman spectroscopy and first-principles theory to report our findings related to low-frequency (LF) interlayer breathing modes (<100 cm-1) in few-layer BP for the first time. The breathing modes are assigned to Ag symmetry by the laser polarization dependence study and group theory analysis. Compared to the high-frequency (HF) Raman modes, the LF breathing modes are much more sensitive to interlayer coupling and thus their frequencies show much stronger dependence on the number of layers. Hence, they could be used as effective means to probe both the crystalline orientation and thickness for few-layer BP. Furthermore, the temperature dependence study shows that the breathing modes have a harmonic behavior, in contrast to HF Raman modes which are known to exhibit anharmonicity.
description: 5 figures, 39 pages
Microtubule Acetylation Is Required for Mechanosensation in Drosophila
Creators: name: O'Brien, E.T., III
name: Falvo, M.R.
name: Tuthill, J.C.
name: Parrish, J.Z.
name: Yan, C.
name: Kim, H.-J.
name: Wildonger, J.
name: Superfine, R.
name: Rogers, S.L.
name: Peng, Y.
name: Wang, F.
name: Kern, M.E.
name: Vaughan, J.C.
name: Xiang, Y.
name: Jenkins, B.
name: Williams, C.R.
name: Perr, J.B.
Publisher: name: Elsevier B.V.
Year: 2018

description: At the cellular level, α-tubulin acetylation alters the structure of microtubules to render them mechanically resistant to compressive forces. How this biochemical property of microtubule acetylation relates to mechanosensation remains unknown, although prior studies have shown that microtubule acetylation influences touch perception. Here, we identify the major Drosophila α-tubulin acetylase (dTAT) and show that it plays key roles in several forms of mechanosensation. dTAT is highly expressed in the larval peripheral nervous system (PNS), but it is largely dispensable for neuronal morphogenesis. Mutation of the acetylase gene or the K40 acetylation site in α-tubulin impairs mechanical sensitivity in sensory neurons and behavioral responses to gentle touch, harsh touch, gravity, and vibration stimuli, but not noxious thermal stimulus. Finally, we show that dTAT is required for mechanically induced activation of NOMPC, a microtubule-associated transient receptor potential channel, and functions to maintain integrity of the microtubule cytoskeleton in response to mechanical stimulation. Yan et al. identify the major microtubule acetylase in Drosophila and show that the enzyme and microtubule acetylation broadly control mechanosensation, but not other sensory modalities. Acetylation is required for mechanosensation by the TRP channel NOMPC, and possibly other channels, by virtue of its effects on microtubule mechanical stability and/or dynamics.
Additional file 1 of Building integrated plant health surveillance: a proactive research agenda for anticipating and mitigating disease and pest emergence
Creators: name: Soubeyrand, S.
name: Estoup, A.
name: Cruaud, A.
name: Malembic-Maher, S.
name: Meynard, C.
name: Ravigné, V.
name: Barbier, M.
name: Barrès, B.
name: Berthier, K.
name: Boitard, S.
name: Dallot, S.
name: Gaba, S.
name: Grosdidier, M.
name: Hannachi, M.
name: Jacques, M.-A.
name: Leclerc, M.
name: Lucas, P.
name: Martinetti, D.
name: Mougel, C.
name: Robert, C.
name: Roques, A.
name: Rossi, J.-P.
name: Suffert, F.
name: Abad, P.
name: Auger-Rozenberg, M.-A.
name: Ay, J.-S.
name: Bardin, M.
name: Bernard, H.
name: Bohan, D. A.
name: Candresse, T.
name: Castagnone-Sereno, P.
name: Danchin, E. G. J.
name: Delmas, C. E. L.
name: Ezanno, P.
name: Fabre, F.
name: Facon, B.
name: Gabriel, E.
name: Gaudin, J.
name: Gauffre, B.
name: Gautier, M.
name: Guinat, C.
name: Lavigne, C.
name: Lemaire, O.
name: Martinez, C.
name: Michel, L.
name: Moury, B.
name: Nam, K.
name: Nédellec, C.
name: Ogliastro, M.
name: Papaïx, J.
name: Parisey, N.
name: Poggi, S.
name: Radici, A.
name: Rasplus, J.-Y.
name: Reboud, X.
name: Robin, C.
name: Roche, M.
name: Rusch, A.
name: Sauvion, N.
name: Streito, J.-C.
name: Verdin, E.
name: Walker, A.-S.
name: Xuéreb, A.
name: Thébaud, G.
name: Morris, C. E.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Supplementary material 1: Figure 1. Representation of research directions for enhanced surveillance.
Additional file 1 of Surveillance for severe hand, foot, and mouth disease from 2009 to 2015 in Jiangsu province: epidemiology, etiology, and disease burden
Creators: name: Ji, Hong
name: Fan, Huan
name: Peng-Xiao Lu
name: Zhang, Xue-Feng
name: Ai, Jing
name: Shi, Chao
name: Huo, Xiang
name: Bao, Chang-Jun
name: Shan, Jun
name: Jin, Yu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Table S1. Specific parameters for calculating the rates in severe HFMD cases by time, regions, and population. (DOC 66 kb)
Microfluidic viscometry using magnetically actuated micropost arrays
Creators: name: Falvo, M.R.
name: Lanham, B.
name: Judith, R.M.
name: Superfine, R.
Publisher: name: Public Library of Science
Year: 2018

description: Here we describe development of a microfluidic viscometer based on arrays of magnetically actuated micro-posts. Quantitative viscosities over a range of three orders of magnitude were determined for samples of less than 20 μL. This represents the first demonstration of quantitative viscometry using driven flexible micropost arrays. Critical to the success of our system is a comprehensive analytical model that includes the mechanical and magnetic properties of the actuating posts, the optical readout, and fluid-structure interactions. We found that alterations of the actuator beat shape as parameterized by the dimensionless “sperm number” must be taken into account to determine the fluid properties from the measured actuator dynamics. Beyond our particular system, the model described here can provide dynamics predictions for a broad class of flexible microactuator designs. We also show how the model can guide the design of new arrays that expand the accessible range of measurements.
XMMFITCAT: The XMM-Newton spectral-fit database
Creators: name: Corral, A.
name: Georgantopoulos, I.
name: Watson, M. G.
name: Rosen, S. R.
name: Page, K. L.
name: Webb, N. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The XMM-Newton spectral-fit database (XMMFITCAT) is a catalogue of spectral fitting results for the source detections within the XMM-Newton Serendipitous source catalogue with more than 50 net (background-subtracted) counts per detector in the 0.5-10 keV energy band. Its most recent version, constructed from the latest version of the XMM-Newton catalogue, the 3XMM Data Release 4 (3XMM-DR4), contains spectral-fitting results for $\gtrsim$ 114,000 detections, corresponding to $\simeq$ 78,000 unique sources. Three energy bands are defined and used in the construction of XMMFITCAT: Soft (0.5-2 keV), Hard (2-10 keV), and Full (0.5-10 keV) bands. Six spectral models, three simple and three more complex models, were implemented and applied to the spectral data. Simple models are applied to all sources, whereas complex models are applied to observations with more than 500 counts (30%). XMMFITCAT includes best-fit parameters and errors, fluxes, and goodness of fit estimates for all fitted models. XMMFITCAT has been conceived to provide the astronomical community with a tool to construct large and representative samples of X-ray sources by allowing source selection according to spectral properties, as well as characterise the X-ray properties of samples selected in different wavelengths. We present in this paper the main details of the construction of this database, and summarise its main characteristics.
description: To appear in Astronomy & Astrophysics, 12 pages, 11 figures
Liquid-state polaron theory of the hydrated electron revisited
Creators: name: Donley, James P.
name: Heine, David R.
name: Tormey, Caleb A.
name: Wu, David T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quantum path integral/classical liquid-state theory of Chandler and co-workers, created to describe an excess electron in solvent, is re-examined for the hydrated electron. The portion that models electron-water density correlations is replaced by two equations: the range optimized random phase approximation (RO-RPA), and the DRL approximation to the "two-chain" equation, both shown previously to describe accurately the static structure and thermodynamics of strongly charged polyelectrolyte solutions. The static equilibrium properties of the hydrated electron are analyzed using five different electron-water pseudopotentials. The theory is then compared with data from mixed quantum/classical Monte Carlo and molecular dynamics simulations using these same pseudopotentials. It is found that the predictions of the RO-RPA and DRL-based polaron theories are similar and improve upon previous theory, with values for almost all properties analyzed in reasonable quantitative agreement with the available simulation data. Also, it is found using the Larsen, Glover and Schwartz pseudopotential that the theories give values for the solvation free energy that are at least three times larger than that from experiment.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures and 1 table
Elevated hematocrit enhances platelet accumulation following vascular injury
Creators: name: Holle, L.A.
name: Fogelson, A.L.
name: Mooberry, M.J.
name: Cribb, J.A.
name: Walton, B.L.
name: Falvo, M.R.
name: Wufsus, A.R.
name: Lehmann, M.
name: Wolberg, A.S.
name: Key, N.S.
name: Neeves, K.B.
name: Cooley, B.C.
name: Pawlinski, R.
name: Homeister, J.W.
name: Skorczewski, T.
name: Beckman, J.D.
Publisher: name: American Society of Hematology
Year: 2017

description: Red blood cells (RBCs) demonstrate procoagulant properties in vitro, and elevated hematocrit is associated with reduced bleeding and increased thrombosis risk in humans. These observations suggest RBCs contribute to thrombus formation. However, effects of RBCs on thrombosis are difficult to assess because humans and mice with elevated hematocrit typically have coexisting pathologies. Using an experimental model of elevated hematocrit in healthy mice, we measured effects of hematocrit in 2 in vivo clot formation models. We also assessed thrombin generation, platelet-thrombus interactions, and platelet accumulation in thrombi ex vivo, in vitro, and in silico. Compared with controls, mice with elevated hematocrit (RBCHIGH) formed thrombi at a faster rate and had a shortened vessel occlusion time. Thrombi in control and RBCHIGH mice did not differ in size or fibrin content, and there was no difference in levels of circulating thrombin-antithrombin complexes. In vitro, increasing the hematocrit increased thrombin generation in the absence of platelets; however, this effect was reduced in the presence of platelets. In silico, direct numerical simulations of whole blood predicted elevated hematocrit increases the frequency and duration of interactions between platelets and a thrombus.Whenhumanwhole blood was perfused over collagen at arterial shear rates, elevating the hematocrit increased the rate of platelet deposition and thrombus growth. These data suggest RBCs promote arterial thrombosis by enhancing platelet accumulation at the site of vessel injury. Maintaining a normal hematocrit may reduce arterial thrombosis risk in humans.
Subarcsecond international LOFAR radio images of the M82 nucleus at 118 MHz and 154 MHz
Creators: name: Varenius, E.
name: Conway, J. E.
name: Martí-Vidal, I.
name: Beswick, R.
name: Deller, A. T.
name: Wucknitz, O.
name: Jackson, N.
name: Adebahr, B.
name: Pérez-Torres, M. A.
name: Chyży, K. T.
name: Carozzi, T. D.
name: Moldón, J.
name: Aalto, S.
name: Beck, R.
name: Best, P.
name: Dettmar, R. -J.
name: van Driel, W.
name: Brunetti, G.
name: Brüggen, M.
name: Haverkorn, M.
name: Heald, G.
name: Horellou, C.
name: Jarvis, M. J.
name: Morabito, L. K.
name: Miley, G. K.
name: Röttgering, H. J. A.
name: Toribio, M. C.
name: White, G. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nuclear starburst in the nearby galaxy M82 provides an excellent laboratory for understanding the physics of star formation. This galaxy has been extensively observed in the past, revealing tens of radio-bright compact objects embedded in a diffuse free-free absorbing medium. Our understanding of the structure and physics of this medium in M82 can be greatly improved by high-resolution images at low frequencies where the effects of free-free absorption are most prominent. The aims of this study are, firstly, to demonstrate imaging using international baselines of the Low Frequency Array (LOFAR), and secondly, to constrain low-frequency spectra of compact and diffuse emission in the central starburst region of M82 via high-resolution radio imaging at low frequencies. The international LOFAR telescope was used to observe M82 at 110-126MHz and 146-162MHz. Images were obtained using standard techniques from very long baseline interferometry. images were obtained at each frequency range: one only using international baselines, and one only using the longest Dutch (remote) baselines. The 154MHz image obtained using international baselines is a new imaging record in terms of combined image resolution (0.3$"$) and sensitivity ($σ$=0.15mJy/beam) at low frequencies ($<327$MHz). We detected 16 objects at 154MHz, six of these also at 118MHz. Four weaker but resolved features are also found: a linear (50pc) filament and three other resolved objects, of which two show a clear shell structure. We do not detect any emission from either supernova 2008iz or from the radio transient source 43.78+59.3. The images obtained using remote baselines show diffuse emission, associated with the outflow in M82, with reduced brightness in the region of the edge-on star-forming disk.
description: 15 pages, 7 figures
Additional file 2 of Building integrated plant health surveillance: a proactive research agenda for anticipating and mitigating disease and pest emergence
Creators: name: Soubeyrand, S.
name: Estoup, A.
name: Cruaud, A.
name: Malembic-Maher, S.
name: Meynard, C.
name: Ravigné, V.
name: Barbier, M.
name: Barrès, B.
name: Berthier, K.
name: Boitard, S.
name: Dallot, S.
name: Gaba, S.
name: Grosdidier, M.
name: Hannachi, M.
name: Jacques, M.-A.
name: Leclerc, M.
name: Lucas, P.
name: Martinetti, D.
name: Mougel, C.
name: Robert, C.
name: Roques, A.
name: Rossi, J.-P.
name: Suffert, F.
name: Abad, P.
name: Auger-Rozenberg, M.-A.
name: Ay, J.-S.
name: Bardin, M.
name: Bernard, H.
name: Bohan, D. A.
name: Candresse, T.
name: Castagnone-Sereno, P.
name: Danchin, E. G. J.
name: Delmas, C. E. L.
name: Ezanno, P.
name: Fabre, F.
name: Facon, B.
name: Gabriel, E.
name: Gaudin, J.
name: Gauffre, B.
name: Gautier, M.
name: Guinat, C.
name: Lavigne, C.
name: Lemaire, O.
name: Martinez, C.
name: Michel, L.
name: Moury, B.
name: Nam, K.
name: Nédellec, C.
name: Ogliastro, M.
name: Papaïx, J.
name: Parisey, N.
name: Poggi, S.
name: Radici, A.
name: Rasplus, J.-Y.
name: Reboud, X.
name: Robin, C.
name: Roche, M.
name: Rusch, A.
name: Sauvion, N.
name: Streito, J.-C.
name: Verdin, E.
name: Walker, A.-S.
name: Xuéreb, A.
name: Thébaud, G.
name: Morris, C. E.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Supplementary material 2: Figure 2. Summary of research directions and approaches for enhanced surveillance.