cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Decentralized Local Stochastic Extra-Gradient for Variational Inequalities
Creators: name: Beznosikov, Aleksandr
name: Dvurechensky, Pavel
name: Koloskova, Anastasia
name: Samokhin, Valentin
name: Stich, Sebastian U
name: Gasnikov, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We consider distributed stochastic variational inequalities (VIs) on unbounded domains with the problem data that is heterogeneous (non-IID) and distributed across many devices. We make a very general assumption on the computational network that, in particular, covers the settings of fully decentralized calculations with time-varying networks and centralized topologies commonly used in Federated Learning. Moreover, multiple local updates on the workers can be made for reducing the communication frequency between the workers. We extend the stochastic extragradient method to this very general setting and theoretically analyze its convergence rate in the strongly-monotone, monotone, and non-monotone (when a Minty solution exists) settings. The provided rates explicitly exhibit the dependence on network characteristics (e.g., mixing time), iteration counter, data heterogeneity, variance, number of devices, and other standard parameters. As a special case, our method and analysis apply to distributed stochastic saddle-point problems (SPP), e.g., to the training of Deep Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) for which decentralized training has been reported to be extremely challenging. In experiments for the decentralized training of GANs we demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed approach.
description: Appears in: Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 35 (NeurIPS 2022). Minor modifications with respect to the NeurIPS version. 43 pages, 1 algorithm, 6 figures, 2 tables
FL-Market: Trading Private Models in Federated Learning
Creators: name: Zheng, Shuyuan
name: Cao, Yang
name: Yoshikawa, Masatoshi
name: Li, Huizhong
name: Yan, Qiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The difficulty in acquiring a sufficient amount of training data is a major bottleneck for machine learning (ML) based data analytics. Recently, commoditizing ML models has been proposed as an economical and moderate solution to ML-oriented data acquisition. However, existing model marketplaces assume that the broker can access data owners' private training data, which may not be realistic in practice. In this paper, to promote trustworthy data acquisition for ML tasks, we propose FL-Market, a locally private model marketplace that protects privacy not only against model buyers but also against the untrusted broker. FL-Market decouples ML from the need to centrally gather training data on the broker's side using federated learning, an emerging privacy-preserving ML paradigm in which data owners collaboratively train an ML model by uploading local gradients (to be aggregated into a global gradient for model updating). Then, FL-Market enables data owners to locally perturb their gradients by local differential privacy and thus further prevents privacy risks. To drive FL-Market, we propose a deep learning-empowered auction mechanism for intelligently deciding the local gradients' perturbation levels and an optimal aggregation mechanism for aggregating the perturbed gradients. Our auction and aggregation mechanisms can jointly maximize the global gradient's accuracy, which optimizes model buyers' utility. Our experiments verify the effectiveness of the proposed mechanisms.
description: Extended report for our IEEE BigData 2022 paper
Anisotropic photoconductivity in graphene
Creators: name: Trushin, Maxim
name: Schliemann, John
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: We investigate the photoconductivity of graphene within the relaxation time approximation. In the presence of the inter-band transitions induced by the linearly polarized light the photoconductivity turns out to be highly anisotropic due to the pseudospin selection rule for Dirac-like carriers. The effect can be observed in clean undoped graphene samples and can be utilized for light polarization detection.
Diffusion LMS over Multitask Networks
Creators: name: Chen, Jie
name: Richard, Cédric
name: Sayed, Ali H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: The diffusion LMS algorithm has been extensively studied in recent years. This efficient strategy allows to address distributed optimization problems over networks in the case where nodes have to collaboratively estimate a single parameter vector. Problems of this type are referred to as single-task problems. Nevertheless, there are several problems in practice that are multitask-oriented in the sense that the optimum parameter vector may not be the same for every node. This brings up the issue of studying the performance of the diffusion LMS algorithm when it is run, either intentionally or unintentionally, in a multitask environment. In this paper, we conduct a theoretical analysis on the stochastic behavior of diffusion LMS in the case where the so-called single-task hypothesis is violated. We explain under what conditions diffusion LMS continues to deliver performance superior to non-cooperative strategies in the multitask environment. When the conditions are violated, we explain how to endow the nodes with the ability to cluster with other similar nodes to remove bias. We propose an unsupervised clustering strategy that allows each node to select, via adaptive adjustments of combination weights, the neighboring nodes with which it can collaborate to estimate a common parameter vector. Simulations are presented to illustrate the theoretical results, and to demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed clustering strategy. The framework is applied to a useful problem involving a multi-target tracking task.
description: 30 pages, 14 figures. To appear in IEEE Trans. Signal Process., 2015
title: Studentenwohnheime als Umwelt - Zufriedenheit und Ausbaustandard
Creators: name: Rohenroth, Sabrina
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Umweltpsychologie, Architekturpsychologie, Studentenwohnheim, Wohnzufriedenheit, Gesslerheim
subject: 150 Psychologie

description: Die hier beschriebene Studie hatte zum Ziel, Studentenwohnheime als Umwelt und die Wohnzufriedenheit bei Studierenden zu untersuchen, sowie die Auswirkungen von Renovierungsmaßnahmen auf die studentische Wohnzufriedenheit zu überprüfen. Ort der Untersuchung war das vom Studentenwerk Niederbayern/Oberpfalz getragene „Gesslerheim“ in Regensburg, das aus einem nicht renovierten und drei renovierten Wohnhäusern besteht. Die eigentliche Untersuchung gliederte sich in drei Teilschritte. Im Rahmen der Voruntersuchung wurden insgesamt 21 Studierende interviewt, von denen sechs an der Focus Group teilnahmen. Die hieraus gewonnen Ergebnisse bildeten die Grundlage für den Fragebogen der Hauptuntersuchung. Dieser beinhaltete offene Fragen zum Wohnheim, Fragen zur allgemeinen Zufriedenheit mit dem Gesslerheim, die Abfrage der „gewichteten Zufriedenheit“ mit einzelnen Wohnaspekten und sog. „Wunschitems“, die Einschätzung von quantitativen Aspekten, einen Tutoren Score, Fragen zum Zimmer und dem Leben der Teilnehmer sowie demografische Angaben. Der Fragebogen wurde von insgesamt 95 Bewohnern ausgefüllt zurückgegeben. In die Analyse der Mietdauer flossen die vom Studentenwerk Niederbayern/Oberpfalz zur Verfügung gestellten Daten von 431 Bewohnern ein, die die Wohnhäuser 1 und 5 zwischen 2008 und 2010 bewohnten. Bei der Auswertung galt es die Faktoren der studentischen Wohnzufriedenheit zu ermitteln aber auch zu untersuchen, ob die Renovierungsmaßnahmen als Erfolg zu werten sind. Dabei zeigte sich, dass zahlreiche Faktoren einen Zusammenhang mit der Wohnzufriedenheit von Studierenden aufweisen, wobei die Sicherheit und das „Wohlfühlen“ den größten Einfluss haben. Die Gesamtzufriedenheit mit dem Gesslerheim ist insgesamt hoch und weist einen positiven Zusammenhang mit der Zufriedenheit mit dem Zimmer und der Gemeinschaftsküche auf. Zwischen den renovierten und den nicht renovierten Wohnhäusern ergab sich aber überraschenderweise kein signifikanter Unterschied in der Gesamtzufriedenheit (t(21) = - 1.378, p = .183). Dennoch wurden einzelne Wohnaspekte von den Studierenden in den renovierten Häusern signifikant besser bewertet, wie die Gestaltung des Zimmers oder des Bads. Auch wohnen Bewohner der renovierten Wohnhäuser im Schnitt 3,5 Monate länger im Gesslerheim. Abschließend wurden die Existenz eines Wohnzufriedenheitsparadoxons, die Ergebnisse zur Sicherheit und dem Tutorenprogramm, sowie der Erfolg der bisherigen Renovierungsmaßnahmen diskutiert. Zusätzlich wurden räumlich-bauliche und organisatorische Maßnahmen zur Verbesserung der Wohnzufriedenheit und Nutzer-Passung im Gesslerheim dargestellt.
Rank-1 lattice rules for multivariate integration in spaces of permutation-invariant functions: Error bounds and tractability
Creators: name: Nuyens, Dirk
name: Suryanarayana, Gowri
name: Weimar, Markus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65D30, 65D32, 65C05, 65Y20, 68Q25, 68W40

description: We study multivariate integration of functions that are invariant under permutations (of subsets) of their arguments. We find an upper bound for the $n$th minimal worst case error and show that under certain conditions, it can be bounded independent of the number of dimensions. In particular, we study the application of unshifted and randomly shifted rank-$1$ lattice rules in such a problem setting. We derive conditions under which multivariate integration is polynomially or strongly polynomially tractable with the Monte Carlo rate of convergence $O(n^{-1/2})$. Furthermore, we prove that those tractability results can be achieved with shifted lattice rules and that the shifts are indeed necessary. Finally, we show the existence of rank-$1$ lattice rules whose worst case error on the permutation- and shift-invariant spaces converge with (almost) optimal rate. That is, we derive error bounds of the form $O(n^{-λ/2})$ for all $1 \leq λ< 2 α$, where $α$ denotes the smoothness of the spaces. Keywords: Numerical integration, Quadrature, Cubature, Quasi-Monte Carlo methods, Rank-1 lattice rules.
description: 26 pages; minor changes due to reviewer's comments; the final publication is available at link.springer.com
A compact formula for the derivative of a 3-D rotation in exponential coordinates
Creators: name: Gallego, Guillermo
name: Yezzi, Anthony
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We present a compact formula for the derivative of a 3-D rotation matrix with respect to its exponential coordinates. A geometric interpretation of the resulting expression is provided, as well as its agreement with other less-compact but better-known formulas. To the best of our knowledge, this simpler formula does not appear anywhere in the literature. We hope by providing this more compact expression to alleviate the common pressure to reluctantly resort to alternative representations in various computational applications simply as a means to avoid the complexity of differential analysis in exponential coordinates.
description: 6 pages
Optically thick HI dominant in the local interstellar medium; an alternative interpretation to "dark gas"
Creators: name: Fukui, Y.
name: Torii, K.
name: Onishi, T.
name: Yamamoto, H.
name: Okamoto, R.
name: Hayakawa, T.
name: Tachihara, K.
name: Sano, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dark gas in the interstellar medium (ISM) is believed to not be detectable either in CO or Hi radio emission, but it is detected by other means including gamma-rays, dust emission and extinction traced outside the Galactic plane at |b|>5 degree. In these analyses, the 21-cm HI emission is usually assumed to be completely optically thin. We have reanalyzed the HI emission from the whole sky at |b|>15 degree by considering temperature stratification in the ISM inferred from the Planck/IRAS analysis of the dust properties. The results indicate that the HI emission is saturated with an optical depth ranging from 0.5 to 3 for 85% of the local HI gas. This optically thick HI is characterized by spin temperature in the range 10K-60K, significantly lower than previously postulated in the literature, whereas such low temperature is consistent with emission/absorption measurements of the cool HI toward radio continuum sources. The distribution and the column density of the HI are consistent with those of the dark gas sug- gested by gamma-rays, and it is possible that the dark gas in the Galaxy is dominated by optically thick cold HI gas. This result implies that the average density of HI is 2-2.5 times higher than that derived on the optically-thin assumption in the local ISM.
description: 45 pages, 17 figures, 3 tables, Accepted for publications in ApJ
Capital Adequacy and Bank Stability: A Panel ARDL Analysis of Selected Listed Deposit Money Banks in Nigeria
Creators: name: Christian, Müller
name: Aondoaseer, Moses
Publisher: name: ayd
Year: 2024
Subjects: Capital adequacy, Bank stability, Z-Score, Nigeria, Panel ARDL

description: This study examined to examine the effects of capital adequacy on the stability of quoted banks in Nigeria from 2010 to 2022. The study used a panel of eight banks in Nigeria, Access, First Bank, FCMB, Fidelity Bank, GTB, UBA, Union Bank of Nigeria and Zenith bank, all listed in the Nigerian Stock Exchange. The study was based on the expos fato research design and used secondary data sourced from the annual reports of the sampled banks. The study examined a number of significant capital adequacy variables that are difficult to neglect when trying to understudy the effects of capital adequacy. These variables include bank capital to total credit ratio (BCTCA), loan to deposit ratio (LDR), debt to equity ratio (DER) and risk weighted asset (RWA). The study adopted the Panel Autoregressive Distributed Lag (PARDL) technique to estimate our parameters. From the study’s findings, it can be concluded that loan to deposit ratio (LDR) and debt to equity ratio (DER) have significant inverse effect on bank stability in Nigeria, while bank capital to total credit ratio (BCTCA) and risk weighted asset (RWA) have significant positive effect on the stability in Nigerian banks. So, in summary, increasing or reducing the capital adequacy indicators matter to bank stability in Nigeria.  Based on the findings and conclusions, the study proffers the following recommendations: that Nigerian banks that desire to improve their stability should reduce the ratio of loan to deposit and debt to equity, but increase bank capitalization to total credit ratio and their risk-weighted assets
DR2-positive monozygotic twins discordant for narcolepsy
Creators: name: Pollmächer, T.
name: Schulz, H.
name: Geisler, Peter
name: Kiss, E.
name: Albert, E. D.
name: Schwarzfischer, F.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1990
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin
subject: Adult
subject: Aged
subject: Aged, 80 and over
subject: Diseases in Twins/genetics
subject: Electroencephalography
subject: Female
subject: HLA-DR2 Antigen/genetics
subject: Humans
subject: Male
subject: Middle Aged
subject: Narcolepsy/genetics
subject: Pedigree
subject: Reaction Time/genetics
subject: Sleep Stages/genetics
subject: Sleep, REM/genetics

description: Narcolepsy runs in families, and recent research has revealed the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) DR2 to be a genetic marker closely associated with the disease. But, as indicated by family studies, other factors contribute to the pathogenesis of narcolepsy. The investigation of monozygotic twins is the most specific research tool for distinguishing between a multigenetic and a multifactorial pathogenetic model. We present clinical and sleep polygraphic data from two pairs of monozygotic twins, and in addition, from some of their first-degree relatives. In both pairs only one twin suffered from the clinical symptoms of narcolepsy/cataplexy. Only in these subjects did night sleep recordings and a multiple sleep latency test reveal both multiple sleep onset rapid-eye-movement periods (SOREMPs) and short mean sleep onset latencies. However, in two of the asymptomatic, HLA DR2+ relatives, short mean sleep onset latencies during the multiple sleep latency test (MSLT) were observed, and one, HLA DR2- relative showed REM sleep two times during the MSLT. Our results strongly favor a multifactorial pathogenetic model for narcolepsy.
Orientational wetting and topological transitions in confined solutions of semi-flexible polymers
Creators: name: Tortora, Maxime M. C.
name: Jost, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Despite their considerable practical and biological applications, the link between molecular properties, assembly conditions and self-organized structure in confined polymer solutions remains elusive. Here, we explore the lyotropic nematic ordering of semi-flexible chains in spherical confinement for multiple contour lengths across a wide regime of concentrations. We uncover an original crossover from two distinct quadrupolar states, both characterized by regular tetrahedral patterns of surface topological defects, to either longitudinal, latitudinal or spontaneously-twisted bipolar structures with increasing densities. These transitions, along with the intermediary arrangements that they involve, are attributed to the combination of orientational wetting with subtle variations in their liquid-crystal (LC) elastic anisotropies. Our molecular simulations are corroborated by density functional calculations, and are quantified through the introduction of several order parameters as well as an unsupervised learning scheme for the localization of topological defects. Our results agree quantitatively with the predictions of continuum nematic elasticity theories, and evidence the extent to which the folding of macromolecules and the self-assembly of low-molecular-weight LCs may be guided by the same, universal principles.
description: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2107.02598
Harvest-Then-Cooperate: Wireless-Powered Cooperative Communications
Creators: name: Chen, He
name: Li, Yonghui
name: Rebelatto, Joao Luiz
name: Uchoa-Filhoand, Bartolomeu F.
name: Vucetic, Branka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we consider a wireless-powered cooperative communication network consisting of one hybrid access-point (AP), one source, and one relay. In contrast to conventional cooperative networks, the source and relay in the considered network have no embedded energy supply. They need to rely on the energy harvested from the signals broadcasted by the AP for their cooperative information transmission. Based on this three-node reference model, we propose a harvest-then-cooperate (HTC) protocol, in which the source and relay harvest energy from the AP in the downlink and work cooperatively in the uplink for the source's information transmission. Considering a delay-limited transmission mode, the approximate closed-form expression for the average throughput of the proposed protocol is derived over Rayleigh fading channels. Subsequently, this analysis is extended to the multi-relay scenario, where the approximate throughput of the HTC protocol with two popular relay selection schemes is derived. The asymptotic analyses for the throughput performance of the considered schemes at high signal-to-noise radio are also provided. All theoretical results are validated by numerical simulations. The impacts of the system parameters, such as time allocation, relay number, and relay position, on the throughput performance are extensively investigated.
description: Accepted by IEEE Trans. Signal Processing
In-mould hybrid printed electronics processes and thermoforming of MADRAS demonstrators
Creators: name: López, Laura
name: Burgués, Ignasi
name: López, Aina
name: Akkerman, Hylke
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: The advanced materials developed within MADRAS have been processed and upscaled through In-Mould Electronics, a manufacturing approach that allows adding intelligence and functions to plastic components. This process combines the functional printing of electronics and the hybridisation of electronic components with traditional plastic transformation processes, such as thermoforming and injection.
General proof of (maximum) entropy principle in Lovelock gravity
Creators: name: Cao, Li-Ming
name: Xu, Jianfei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a static self-gravitating perfect fluid system in Lovelock gravity theory. For a spacial region on the hypersurface orthogonal to static Killing vector, by the Tolman's law of temperature, the assumption of a fixed total particle number inside the spacial region, and all of the variations (of relevant fields) in which the induced metric and its first derivatives are fixed on the boundary of the spacial region, then with the help of the gravitational equations of the theory, we can prove a theorem says that the total entropy of the fluid in this region takes an extremum value. A converse theorem can also be obtained following the reverse process of our proof. We also propose the definition of isolation quasi-locally for the system and explain the physical meaning of the boundary conditions in the proof of the theorems.
description: revtex4, 14 pages, no figure
General linear response formula for non integrable systems obeying the Vlasov equation
Creators: name: Patelli, Aurelio
name: Ruffo, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Long-range interacting N-particle systems get trapped into long-living out-of-equilibrium stationary states called quasi-stationary states (QSS). We study here the response to a small external perturbation when such systems are settled into a QSS. In the N to infinity limit the system is described by the Vlasov equation and QSS are mapped into stable stationary solutions of such equation. We consider this problem in the context of a model that has recently attracted considerable attention, the Hamiltonian Mean Field (HMF) model. For such a model, stationary inhomogeneous and homogeneous states determine an integrable dynamics in the mean-field effective potential and an action-angle transformation allows one to derive an exact linear response formula. However, such a result would be of limited interest if restricted to the integrable case. In this paper, we show how to derive a general linear response formula which does not use integrability as a requirement. The presence of conservation laws (mass, energy, momentum, etc.) and of further Casimir invariants can be imposed a-posteriori. We perform an analysis of the infinite time asymptotics of the response formula for a specific observable, the magnetization in the HMF model, as a result of the application of an external magnetic field, for two stationary stable distributions: the Boltzmann-Gibbs equilibrium distribution and the Fermi-Dirac one. When compared with numerical simulations, the predictions of the theory are very good away from the transition energy from inhomogeneous to homogeneous states.
description: Published on European Physical Journal D, Topical Issue on "Theory and applications of the Vlasov equation"
Construction of approximate entropy measure valued solutions for hyperbolic systems of conservation laws
Creators: name: Fjordholm, Ulrik S.
name: Käppeli, Roger
name: Mishra, Siddhartha
name: Tadmor, Eitan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65M06, 35L65, 35R06

description: Entropy solutions have been widely accepted as the suitable solution framework for systems of conservation laws in several space dimensions. However, recent results in \cite{CDL1,CDL2} have demonstrated that entropy solutions may not be unique. In this paper, we present numerical evidence that demonstrates that state of the art numerical schemes \emph{may not} necessarily converge to an entropy solution of systems of conservation laws as the mesh is refined. Combining these two facts, we argue that entropy solutions may not be suitable as a solution framework for systems of conservation laws, particularly in several space dimensions. Furthermore, we propose a more general notion, that of \emph{entropy measure valued solutions}, as an appropriate solution paradigm for systems of conservation laws. To this end, we present a detailed numerical procedure, which constructs stable approximations to entropy measure valued solutions and provide sufficient conditions that guarantee that these approximations converge to an entropy measure valued solution as the mesh is refined, thus providing a viable numerical framework for systems of conservation laws in several space dimensions. A large number of numerical experiments that illustrate the proposed schemes are presented and are utilized to examine several interesting properties of the computed entropy measure valued solutions.
Differential heavy quark pair production at small $x$
Creators: name: Silvetti, Federico
name: Bonvini, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the production of a heavy quark pair in proton-proton collisions. For bottom and charm quarks, the final state invariant mass is typically much smaller than the collider energy (e.g. at the LHC), so that high-energy logarithms may spoil the perturbativity of the theoretical prediction at fixed order. The resummation of these logarithms to all orders is thus needed to obtain reliable predictions. In this work, we extend previous results on high-energy (or small-$x$) resummation to differential distributions in rapidity, transverse momentum and invariant mass, and implement them in the public code HELL.
description: 44 pages, 5 figures. Final version published in EPJC
Mindel C. Sheps: Counted, dead or alive
Creators: name: Huitfeldt, Anders
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In the 1958 paper "Shall we count the living or the dead", Canadian physician and biostatistician Mindel C. Sheps proposed a novel approach to choice of effect measure, which resolves key theoretical shortcomings of relative risk models. Sheps' insights have been independently rediscovered multiple times in different academic disciplines, and her approach is consistent with influential work on mechanism of action from toxicology, as well as work on causal generalizability from the psychology and philosophy literature
description: Corrected typo in metadata title
Rapid eye movements, muscle twitches and sawtooth waves in the sleep of narcoleptic patients and controls
Creators: name: Geisler, Peter
name: Meier-Ewert, K.
name: Matsubayshi, K.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1987
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin
subject: Adult
subject: Aged
subject: Brain/physiopathology
subject: Cataplexy/physiopathology
subject: Electroencephalography
subject: Eye Movements
subject: Female
subject: Humans
subject: Male
subject: Middle Aged
subject: Muscles/physiopathology
subject: Narcolepsy/physiopathology
subject: Sleep/physiology
subject: Sleep, REM/physiology

description: Seventeen unmedicated patients with narcolepsy-cataplexy and 17 age- and sex-matched controls were recorded polygraphically for 3 consecutive nights. Rapid eye movements (REMs), m. mentalis twitches and sawtooth waves in the EEG were visually scored. REM and twitch densities during REM sleep were significantly higher in the patients than in the controls. The distribution pattern of REMs and twitches was altered in the patients: twitch density peaked in the first REM period and density of REMs showed an even distribution across all the REM periods of the night. In the controls both REM and twitch density increased from the first to the second REM period. We therefore assume that in the narcoleptics phasic activity of REM sleep is disinhibited. Densities of REMs, twitches and sawtooth waves did not correlate with one another in patients and controls. They appear to be independently regulated. The REM periods of the patients contained 3 times as many waking epochs as those of the controls. This suggests that in narcolepsy the transition REM/waking is selectively facilitated. The REM/NREM ratio of twitch and sawtooth wave densities was the same in patients and controls.
УСТАЛОСТНЫЕ НАПРЯЖЕНИЯ В ГЛАВНЫХ БАЛКАХ КРАНОВ ПРОЛЕТНОГО ТИПА
Creators: name: МАНЖУЛА, Константин Павлович
Publisher: name: Научно-технические ведомости СПбПУ. Естественные и инженерные наук
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: кран пролетного типа
subject: усталостные напряжения
subject: сопротивление усталости металлоконструкций
subject: типовой технологический цикл
subject: span type cranes
subject: fatigue stresses
subject: fatigue resistance of metal structures
subject: typical process cycle

description: Представлены расчетные зависимости для оценки номинальных напряжений в главных балках кранов пролетного типа, необходимые для расчета их на сопротивление усталости и оценки остаточного ресурса. Зависимости получены методом формирования типовых технологических циклов работы крана по прогнозируемым или фактически записанным параметрам его движений и позволяют рассчитывать наибольшие, наименьшие и средние напряжения в периоды неустановившейся работы механизмов подъема, передвижения крана и тележки с учетом коэффициентов динамичности и затухания колебаний. Сформулированы допущения и ограничения, принимаемые при построении ра­счетных зависимостей по типовым технологическим циклам. Расчетами показано, что повреждающее воздействие оказывают первые 6–7 затухающих колебаний в вертикальной плоскости и 5–6 колебаний в горизонтальной плоскости в зависимости от конструкции моста. Приведен пример составления типового технологического цикла работы и получаемая циклограмма напряжений.
Preserving knowledge on IS business value: what literature reviews have done
Creators: name: Schryen, Guido
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Business value, Information systems, Literature review, Meta review
subject: 004 Informatik

description: The economic relevance of information systems has been studied for many years and has attracted an abundance of research papers. However, the “productivity paradoxon” of the 90s, Carr’s widely recognized paper “IT doesn’t matter”, and several studies that do not find a positive correlation between IS investments and economic performance reveal long-lasting difficulties for IS researchers to explain “IS business value”. Business executives and researchers also continue to question the value of IS investments. This raises the question of whether literature reviews have tapped their potential to address the concerns by covering key research areas of IS business value and preserving their key findings. In order to address this question, this paper identifies and describes 12 key research areas, and synthesizes what literature reviews published in pertinent academic outlets have done to preserve knowledge. The analysis of 22 literature reviews shows that some crucial areas have not been (sufficiently) covered. They provide fertile areas for future literature reviews. As this work is based on the results of more than 200 research papers, it is capable of drawing a comprehensive picture of the current state-of-the-art in IS business value research.
Attempts to detect virus-specific DNA sequences in human tumors. III. Epstein-Barr viral DNA in non-lymphoid nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells
Creators: name: Wolf, Hans J.
name: zur Hausen, H.
name: Klein, G.
name: Becker, V.
name: Henle, G.
name: Henle, W.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1975
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin
subject: Carcinoma/microbiology
subject: Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/microbiology
subject: DNA, Neoplasm/isolation & purification
subject: DNA, Viral/isolation & purification
subject: Herpesvirus 4, Human/isolation & purification
subject: Humans
subject: Hybridization, Genetic
subject: Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms/pathology
subject: Nucleic Acid Hybridization
subject: RNA, Neoplasm/isolation & purification

description: Fourteen tumors of the nasopharyngeal region were analyzed for the presence of Epstein-Barr virus-specific DNA by DNA-cRNA hybridization. These data were compared to the histology of the respective tumors and the seroreactivity of the tumor-bearing patient against EBV-related antigens. With one exception, all tumor pieces containing nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells hybridized significantly with EBV-cRNA. Tumors of predominantly epithelial morphology annealed in the highest range. In situ-hybridization of freeze sections from a tumor containing almost equal amounts of tumor cells and lymphocytes revealed hybridizing DNA within nuclei of non-lymphoid cells. Although these data do not exclude the presence of EBV-DNA within lymphoid cells, they clearly demonstrate that in nasopharyngeal carcinomas the vast majority of EBV-specific DNA rests within non-lymphoid cells.
Mobile magnetic impurities in a Fermi superfluid: a route to designer molecules
Creators: name: Gopalakrishnan, Sarang
name: Parker, Colin V.
name: Demler, Eugene
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A magnetic impurity in a fermionic superfluid hosts bound quasiparticle states known as Yu-Shiba-Rusinov (YSR) states. We argue here that, if the impurity is mobile (i.e., has a finite mass), the impurity and its bound YSR quasiparticle move together as a midgap molecule, which has an unusual "Mexican-hat" dispersion that is tunable via the fermion density. We map out the impurity dispersion, which consists of an "atomic" branch (in which the impurity is dressed by quasiparticle pairs) and a "molecular" branch (in which the impurity binds a quasiparticle). We discuss the experimental realization and detection of midgap Shiba molecules, focusing on lithium-cesium mixtures, and comment on the prospects they offer for realizing exotic many-body states.
description: 5pp., 4 figures, plus appendix
Classical and quantum fields on Lorentzian manifolds
Creators: name: Bär, Christian
name: Ginoux, Nicolas
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: 510 Mathematik

description: We construct bosonic and fermionic locally covariant quantum field theories on curved backgrounds for large classes of fields. We investigate the quantum field and n-point functions induced by suitable states.
Event-based simulation of quantum physics experiments
Creators: name: Michielsen, Kristel
name: De Raedt, Hans
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review an event-based simulation approach which reproduces the statistical distributions of wave theory not by requiring the knowledge of the solution of the wave equation of the whole system but by generating detection events one-by-one according to an unknown distribution. We illustrate its applicability to various single photon and single neutron interferometry experiments and to two Bell test experiments, a single-photon Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen experiment employing post-selection for photon pair identification and a single-neutron Bell test interferometry experiment with nearly $100\%$ detection efficiency.
description: Lectures notes of the Advanced School on Quantum Foundations and Open Quantum Systems, Jo\~ao Pessoa, Brazil, July 2012, edited by T. M. Nieuwenhuizen et al, World Scientific, to appear
QED vacuum loops and Inflation
Creators: name: Fried, H. M.
name: Gabellini, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A QED-based model of a new version of Vacuum Energy has recently been suggested, which leads to a simple, finite, one parameter representation of Dark Energy. An elementary, obvious, but perhaps radical generalization is then able to describe both Dark Energy and Inflation in the same framework of Vacuum Energy. One further, obvious generalization then leads to a relation between Inflation and the Big Bang, to the automatic inclusion of Dark Matter, and to a possible understanding of the birth (and death) of a Universe.
description: 10 pages and 1 figure There has been a minor modification in the previous version (arXiv:1403.2651v1, 03/12/2014) : a reference has been added in [3] and an Appendix has been added
Scalable quantum memory in the ultrastrong coupling regime
Creators: name: Kyaw, T. H.
name: Felicetti, S.
name: Romero, G.
name: Solano, E.
name: Kwek, L. -C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Circuit quantum electrodynamics, consisting of superconducting artificial atoms coupled to on-chip resonators, represents a prime candidate to implement the scalable quantum computing architecture because of the presence of good tunability and controllability. Furthermore, recent advances have pushed the technology towards the ultrastrong coupling regime of light-matter interaction, where the qubit-resonator coupling strength reaches a considerable fraction of the resonator frequency. Here, we propose a qubit-resonator system operating in that regime, as a quantum memory device and study the storage and retrieval of quantum information in and from the Z2 parity-protected quantum memory, within experimentally feasible schemes. We are also convinced that our proposal might pave a way to realize a scalable quantum random-access memory due to its fast storage and readout performances.
description: We have updated the title, abstract and included a new section on the open-system dynamics
Convection and intermittency noise in water temperature near a deep Mediterranean seafloor
Creators: name: van Haren, Hans
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Turbulent and internal wave motions are important for the exchange of momentum, heat and suspended matter in the deep-sea which is generally stably stratified in density. Turbulence-generation models involve shear of vertical current differences that deforms the stratified waters, and convection that is drive by (unstable) buoyancy. Shear-generation is found more general in the well-stratified ocean-interior, while convection is known to occur near the sea-surface, e.g. via nighttime cooling. Far below the surface, the Western-Mediterranean Sea is very weakly stratified and offers opportunity to observationally study deep-sea convection. An opportunistic small set of high-resolution temperature sensors demonstrates not only classic internal-wave-induced turbulence, but also convection attributed to geothermal heating and spectral properties that relate to various chaos-theory models such as 1/sigma pink noise (sigma denoting frequency), mainly found lying at (0.01 m above) the seafloor, and 1/sigma^2 Brownian noise, mainly found on a moored line at about 100 m above the seafloor. Near-inertial temperature variations are observed to occur down to the seafloor thereby disturbing the local convective turbulence regime to shear-dominated one temporarily. The integral turbulence time-scale is generally smaller (with dominant higher frequency motions) at the seafloor than about 100 m above it.
description: 23 pages, 5 figures
Quantum Product of Symmetric Functions
Creators: name: Diaz, Rafael
name: Pariguan, Eddy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide an explicit description of the quantum product of multi-symmetric functions using the elementary multi-symmetric functions introduced by Vaccarino.
Measurement of visible cross sections in proton-lead collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}$ = 5.02 TeV in van der Meer scans with the ALICE detector
Creators: name: ALICE Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In 2013, the Large Hadron Collider provided proton-lead and lead-proton collisions at the center-of-mass energy per nucleon pair $\sqrt{s_{\rm{NN}}}=5.02$ TeV. Van der Meer scans were performed for both configurations of colliding beams, and the cross section was measured for two reference processes, based on particle detection by the T0 and V0 detectors, with pseudo-rapidity coverage $4.6
description: 23 pages, 11 captioned figures, 4 tables, authors from page 18, published version, figures at http://aliceinfo.cern.ch/ArtSubmission/node/812
Quantum Mechanics with a Momentum-Space Artificial Magnetic Field
Creators: name: Price, Hannah M.
name: Ozawa, Tomoki
name: Carusotto, Iacopo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Berry curvature is a geometrical property of an energy band which acts as a momentum space magnetic field in the effective Hamiltonian describing single-particle quantum dynamics. We show how this perspective may be exploited to study systems directly relevant to ultracold gases and photonics. Given the exchanged roles of momentum and position, we demonstrate that the global topology of momentum space is crucially important. We propose an experiment to study the Harper-Hofstadter Hamiltonian with a harmonic trap that will illustrate the advantages of this approach and that will also constitute the first realization of magnetism on a torus.
ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ МИКРОСТРУКТУРЫ АРАМИДНЫХ ТКАНЕЙ ДЛЯ КОНСТРУКЦИОННЫХ И ЗАЩИТНЫХ ОРГАНОПЛАСТИКОВ, МОДИФИЦИРОВАННЫХ В СВЧ ЭЛЕКТРОМАГНИТНОМ ПОЛЕ
Creators: name: Злобина, Ирина Владимировна
Publisher: name: St. Petersburg Polytechnic University Journal of Engineering Science and Technology
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: органопластики
subject: баллистические материалы
subject: арамидные ткани
subject: СВЧ электромагнитное поле
subject: микроструктура
subject: волокна
subject: фибриллы
subject: активация
subject: агломераты
subject: organoplasty
subject: ballistic materials
subject: aramid fabrics
subject: microwave oven electromagnetic field
subject: microstructure
subject: fibers
subject: fibrils
subject: activation
subject: agglomerates

description: Благодаря своей легкости и прочности, все более широкое применение в авиационной технике в качестве конструкционных материалов и средств защиты ответственных агрегатов (двигатели, системы управления) от поражающих факторов находят органопластики. Исследована микроструктура образцов арамидной ткани ТСВМ-ДЖ, подвергнутой воздействию СВЧ электромагнитного поля среднего уровня мощности частотой 2450 МГц. Установлено существенное изменение условий контакта отдельных нитей на уровне межфибрилльной связи волокон, выраженное в комплексировании фибрилл в агломераты, заполняющие промежутки между волокнами, с увеличением площади взаимодействия и в сближении отдельных волокон, что способствует повышению надежности межмолекулярных связей. Полученные результаты могут быть использованы в качестве одного из механизмов повышения прочностных характеристик конструкционных органопластиков и защитных материалов из арамидных тканей после СВЧ воздействия.
Spin in Acupuncture Randomized Controlled Trials
Creators: name: Yu, Lin
name: Duan, Yuting
name: Xu, Zhirui
name: Zhao, Pinge
name: Li, Xinyu
name: Wu, Shengwei
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: acupuncture
subject: distorted presentation
subject: RCT
subject: Spin

description: Spin is defined as appropriate reporting, intentionally or not, to convince the reader of the beneficial or overstated effect and safety of the study's results. Previous studies indicate that Spin can misdirect readers to incorrect impressions and decisions. Acupuncture is becoming increasingly popular globally and clinical research on acupuncture has also grown. The study will reveal the current status of the prevalence and peculiarity Spin of acupuncture RCTs. We hope our conclusion will provide any support for further research in the future.
The rebit three-tangle and its relation to two-qubit entanglement
Creators: name: Wootters, William K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The three-tangle is a measure of three-way entanglement in a system of three qubits. For a pure state, it can be understood as the residual entanglement not accounted for by pairwise entanglements between individual qubits. Here we define and evaluate the analogous quantity for three rebits (that is, binary systems in the real-amplitude variant of quantum theory). We find that the resulting formula is the same as in the complex case, except that an overall absolute value sign is missing. As a result, the rebit three-tangle can be negative, expressing the possibility of non-monogamous entanglement in real-amplitude quantum theory (for entanglement based on the convex-roof construction). We then relate the entanglement among three rebits to the entanglement of two qubits, by re-expressing the two-qubit state as a three-rebit state in the ubit model.
description: 9 pages; minor correction in v3
Exothermic isospin-violating dark matter after SuperCDMS and CDEX
Creators: name: Chen, Nan
name: Wang, Qing
name: Zhao, Wei
name: Lin, Shin-Ted
name: Yue, Qian
name: Li, Jin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that exothermic isospin-violating dark matter (IVDM) can make the results of the latest CDMS-Si experiment consistent with recent null experiments, such as XENON10, XENON100, LUX, CDEX, and SuperCDMS, whereas for the CoGeNT experiment, a strong tension still persists. For CDMS-Si, separate exothermic dark matter or isospin-violating dark matter cannot fully ameliorate the tensions among these experiments; the tension disappears only if exothermic scattering is combined with an isospin-violating effect of f_n/f_p=-0.7. For such exothermic IVDM to exist, at least a new vector gauge boson (dark photon or dark Z') that connects SM quarks to Majorana-type DM particles is required.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures