cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Convo: What does conversational programming need? An exploration of machine learning interface design
Creators: name: Van Brummelen, Jessica
name: Weng, Kevin
name: Lin, Phoebe
name: Yeo, Catherine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Vast improvements in natural language understanding and speech recognition have paved the way for conversational interaction with computers. While conversational agents have often been used for short goal-oriented dialog, we know little about agents for developing computer programs. To explore the utility of natural language for programming, we conducted a study ($n$=45) comparing different input methods to a conversational programming system we developed. Participants completed novice and advanced tasks using voice-based, text-based, and voice-or-text-based systems. We found that users appreciated aspects of each system (e.g., voice-input efficiency, text-input precision) and that novice users were more optimistic about programming using voice-input than advanced users. Our results show that future conversational programming tools should be tailored to users' programming experience and allow users to choose their preferred input mode. To reduce cognitive load, future interfaces can incorporate visualizations and possess custom natural language understanding and speech recognition models for programming.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures, submitted to VL/HCC 2020, for associated user study video: https://youtu.be/TC5P3OO5exo
Statistical Mechanics and Lorentz Violation
Creators: name: Colladay, Don
name: McDonald, Patrick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The theory of statistical mechanics is studied in the presence of Lorentz-violating background fields. The analysis is performed using the Standard-Model Extension (SME) together with a Jaynesian formulation of statistical inference. Conventional laws of thermodynamics are obtained in the presence of a perturbed hamiltonian that contains the Lorentz violating terms. As an example, properties of the nonrelativistic ideal gas are calculated in detail. To lowest order in Lorentz violation, the scalar thermodynamic variables are only corrected by a rotationally invariant combination of parameters that mimics a (frame dependent) effective mass. Spin couplings can induce a temperature independent polarization in the classical gas that is not present in the conventional case. Precision measurements in the residual expectation values of the magnetic moment of Fermi gases in the limit of high temperature may provide interesting limits on these parameters.
description: 7 pages, revtex
Wielowymiarowa analiza pozyskiwania środków finansowych w ramach działania 132 PROW 2007-2013 przez kraje członkowskie Unii Europejskiej
Creators: name: Sieczko, Anna
name: Sieczko, Leszek
name: Sieczko, Anna
name: Sieczko, Leszek
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: farmers
subject: RDP Programme
subject: food quality systems
subject: Measure 132
subject: / producenci rolni
subject: PROW
subject: systemy jakości żywności
subject: działanie 132

description: Ensuring high quality and food safety has become one of the priorities of the Common Agricultural Policy both at the European Union and individual countries within it, including Poland. Therefore, in the Rural Development Programme for 2007–2013 has been proposed in Measure 132 to a special support for primary producers participating in the EU and national food systems. The article presents the results of a multidimensional analysis of financial support, which reveal the level of activity of agricultural producer groups in various Member States in procuring funds under Measure 132 „Participation of farmers in food quality systems”. / Synopsis. Zapewnienie wysokiej jakości i bezpieczeństwa żywności stało się jednym z priorytetów Wspólnej Polityki Rolnej prowadzonej zarówno na poziomie Unii Europejskiej, jak i poszczególnych państw do niej wchodzących, w tym Polski. W związku z tym w Programie Rozwoju Obszarów Wiejskich na lata 2007–2013 zostało zaproponowane działanie 132 mające na celu specjalne wsparcie dla producentów pierwotnych uczestniczących w unijnych i krajowych systemach jakości żywności. W artykule wykorzystano wielowymiarową analizę wsparcia finansowego, pozwalającą poznać aktywność grup producentów rolnych w poszczególnych krajach członkowskich realizujących działanie 132 „Uczestnictwo rolników w systemach jakości żywności”.
Additional file 1 of Strategies for evaluating self-efficacy and observed success in the practice of yoga postures for therapeutic indications: methods from a yoga intervention for urinary incontinence among middle-aged and older women
Creators: name: Nicosia, Francesca M.
name: Lisha, Nadra E.
name: Chesney, Margaret A.
name: Subak, Leslee L.
name: Plaut, Traci M.
name: Huang, Alison
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1.Table S1. List of yoga postures featured in the LILA pilot study yoga program.
Full protection of superconducting qubit systems from coupling errors
Creators: name: Storcz, M. J.
name: Vala, J.
name: Brown, K. R.
name: Kempe, J.
name: Wilhelm, F. K.
name: Whaley, K. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Solid state qubits realized in superconducting circuits are potentially extremely scalable. However, strong decoherence may be transferred to the qubits by various elements of the circuits that couple individual qubits, particularly when coupling is implemented over long distances. We propose here an encoding that provides full protection against errors originating from these coupling elements, for a chain of superconducting qubits with a nearest neighbor anisotropic XY-interaction. The encoding is also seen to provide partial protection against errors deriving from general electronic noise.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure
The entropy production of an active particle in a box
Creators: name: Razin, Nitzan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A run-and-tumble particle in a one dimensional box (infinite potential well) is studied. The steady state is analytically solved and analyzed, revealing the emergent length scale of the boundary layer where particles accumulate near the walls. The mesoscopic steady state entropy production rate of the system is derived from coupled Fokker-Planck equations with a linear reaction term, resulting in an exact analytic expression. The entropy production density is shown to peak at the walls. Additionally, the derivative of the entropy production rate peaks at a system size proportional to the length scale of the accumulation boundary layer, suggesting that the behavior of the entropy production rate and its derivatives as a function of the control parameter may signify a qualitative behavior change in the physics of active systems, such as phase transitions.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
Trapping Long-Lifetime Excitons in a Two-Dimensional Harmonic Potential
Creators: name: Snoke, D. W.
name: Liu, Y.
name: Voros, Z.
name: Pfeiffer, L.
name: West, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report an important step forward for the goal of unambiguous observation of Bose-Einstein condensation of excitons in semiconductors. We have demonstrated a system in which excitons live for microseconds, much longer than their thermalization time, move over distances of hundreds of microns, and can be trapped in a harmonic potential exactly analous to the traps for atomic condensates. We also report recent results of a new method for observing evidence of Bose-Einstein condensation, by angular resolution of the emitted luminescence.
description: Invited paper for International Conference on Spontaneous Coherence in Excitonic Systems, Seven Springs, PA, May 2004. To appear in Solid State Communications
Population genetics and habitat selection behaviour of Vancouver Island white-tailed ptarmigan
Creators: name: Fedy, Bradley Craig
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: I examined the habitat selection behaviour arid compared regional variation in population performance of a threatened alpine grouse subspecies, the Vancouver Island white-tailed ptarmigan (Lagopus leucura saxatilis). I also examined the genetic population structure and levels of gene flow among 7 populations of white-tailed ptarmigan on Vancouver Island, British Columbia. Population performance was compared between 2 distinct mountain areas of Vancouver Island. The southern region was a more fragmented landscape with smaller isolated alpine patches compared to the more continuous central region of the island. The habitat selection modelling revealed that, unlike other white-tailed ptarmigan subspecies, Vancouver Island white-tailed ptarmigan use a generalist strategy for habitat selection. Individuals preferred areas with a combination of predator cover, food availability and high moisture. The analysis of population performance showed that populations in the central region of the island outperform southern populations. This difference could result from moisture levels which are lower in the southern portion of the island, but likely is not influenced by food abundance during the brood rearing period. I presented data on microsatellite primer optimization and described generalized heterozygote deficiencies and high levels of diversity in Vancouver Island populations. All 7 populations demonstrated high levels of diversity (mean H[sub E] = 0.78) combined with high F[sub IS] values (0.22) and significant heterozygote deficiencies. The apparent paradox of high diversity combined with high F[sub IS] and generalized heterozygote deficiencies are best explained by two scenarios. First, sampling may have captured a snapshot of a group of populations progressing towards severe isolation. This scenario suggests that significant geographic isolation between populations has existed long enough for the increase of inbreeding but not long enough for drift to result in strong population differentiation and a corresponding decrease in diversity. The second scenario evokes a pattern of infrequent dispersal between populations sufficient to maintain high levels of diversity, combined with low densities and limited mate choice resulting in the relatively quick accumulation of homozygosity levels within populations. I addressed patterns of dispersal using genetic data and direct measures by following the inter-seasonal movements of radio-collared birds. The results showed low, but significant, genetic differentiation between most populations and direct and genetic estimates of dispersal suggested limited gene flow among populations. Analysis of molecular data also demonstrated a generally consistent pattern of isolation-by-distance. However, large areas of unsuitable low elevation habitat might act as barriers to gene flow. The levels of isolation and lack of gene flow imply serious conservation concern for the most southern population.
Critical bubbles and implications for critical black strings
Creators: name: Sarbach, Olivier
name: Lehner, Luis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate the existence of gravitational critical phenomena in higher dimensional electrovac bubble spacetimes. To this end, we study linear fluctuations about families of static, homogeneous spherically symmetric bubble spacetimes in Kaluza-Klein theories coupled to a Maxwell field. We prove that these solutions are linearly unstable and posses a unique unstable mode with a growth rate that is universal in the sense that it is independent of the family considered. Furthermore, by a double analytical continuation this mode can be seen to correspond to marginally stable stationary modes of perturbed black strings whose periods are integer multiples of the Gregory-Laflamme critical length. This allow us to rederive recent results about the behavior of the critical mass for large dimensions and to generalize them to the charged black string case.
description: A reference to unpublished work for the case q=2, by J. Hovdebo added
Az európai agrárpolitika eszményei és realitásai
Creators: name: Udovecz, Gábor
name: Udovecz, Gábor
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Public Economics
subject: Közös Agrárpolitika
subject: SPS
subject: vidékfejlesztés
subject: szív és ész konfliktusa
subject: Common Agricultural Policy
subject: regional development
subject: conflict of hearts and minds

description: A mezőgazdaságra, s általában az élelemtermelésre is egyre élesedő, globalizálódó verseny vár. Ez magyarázza, hogy az európai agrárpolitika eszményei és realitásai mindinkább konfliktusba kerülnek, és ez az oka a KAP állandó reformjainak, ezzel függenek össze a verseny torzításai, valamint a KAP következetlenségei is. A magyar helyzetet, s a fejlődési lehetőségeket is – ezeken túlmenően – az örökölt versenyhátrányok és a felemás csatlakozási felkészülés miatti új kihívások is befolyásolják. A versenyben való leszakadás megelőzése szempontjából fontos év 2007, amikor is át kell alakítani a nemzeti támogatási rendszert; a nemzeti kiegészítő támogatások (top up) rendszerét; illetve elő kell készíteni az uniós közvetlen támogatási rendszer, az ún. SAPS rendszer átalakítását. A felzárkózás, a piacok és a munkahelyek megtartásának esélye megalapozható a mintegy 1400 Mrd Ft-ot kitevő vidékfejlesztési források ésszerű elköltésével. ------------------------ Increasingly fierce, globalised competition awaits agriculture and food production in general. This explains the fact that the ideals and realities of European agricultural policy are increasingly in conflict with each other and is the cause of the continuous CAP reforms, as well as being related to distortions in competition and incon¬sistencies in the CAP. Beyond all this, the Hungarian situation and its development potential are influenced by the new challenges of inherited competitive disadvantages and the uneven preparations for Accession. 2007 is an important year in terms of preventing a competitive collapse, as it is when the national subsidy system, including the system of national top-up subsidies, is to be transformed, and when preparations must be made for transforming the EU’s direct subsidy system, the so-called SAPS system. The foundation for possibly bridging the gap and retaining markets and jobs can be laid via the sensible expenditure of the roughly 1,400 billion forints of regional development resources.
A techno-economic model for avoiding conflicts of interest between owners of offshore wind farms and maintenance suppliers
Creators: name: Marugán, Alberto Pliego
name: Márquez, Fausto Pedro García
name: Pérez, Jesús María Pinar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: General Economics (econ.GN)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Currently, wind energy is one of the most important sources of renewable energy. Offshore locations for wind turbines are increasingly exploited because of their numerous advantages. However, offshore wind farms require high investment in maintenance service. Due to its complexity and special requirements, maintenance service is usually outsourced by wind farm owners. In this paper, we propose a novel approach to determine, quantify, and reduce the possible conflicts of interest between owners and maintenance suppliers. We created a complete techno-economic model to address this problem from an impartial point of view. An iterative process was developed to obtain statistical results that can help stakeholders negotiate the terms of the contract, in which the availability of the wind farm is the reference parameter by which to determine penalisations and incentives. Moreover, a multi-objective programming problem was addressed that maximises the profits of both parties without losing the alignment of their interests. The main scientific contribution of this paper is the maintenance analysis of offshore wind farms from two perspectives: that of the owner and the maintenance supplier. This analysis evaluates the conflicts of interest of both parties. In addition, we demonstrate that proper adjustment of some parameters, such as penalisation, incentives, and resources, and adequate control of availability can help reduce this conflict of interests.
description: Published in Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews (ELSEVIER) 10 July 2022. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2022.112753 Cite as: Marug\'an, A. P., M\'arquez, F. P. G., & P\'erez, J. M. P. (2022). A techno-economic model for avoiding conflicts of interest between owners of offshore wind farms and maintenance suppliers. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 168, 112753
Scaling the alpha-relaxation time of supercooled fragile organic liquids
Creators: name: Dreyfus, C.
name: Grand, A. Le
name: Gapinski, J.
name: Steffen, W.
name: Patkowski, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It was shown recently that the structural alpha-relaxation time tau of supercooled o-terphenyl depends on a single control parameter Gamma, which is the product of a function of density E(ro), by the inverse temperature T -1. We extend this finding to other fragile glassforming liquids using light-scattering data. Available experimental results do not allow to discriminate between several analytical forms of the function E(ro), the scaling arising from the separation of density and temperature in Gamma. We also propose a simple form for tau(Gamma), which depends only on three material-dependent parameters, reproducing relaxation times over 12 orders of magnitude.
description: 25 pages 3 Tables, 10 Figures
From subdiffusion to superdiffusion of particles on solid surfaces
Creators: name: Lacasta, A. M.
name: Sancho, J. M.
name: Romero, A. H.
name: Sokolov, I. M.
name: Lindenberg, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a numerical and partially analytical study of classical particles obeying a Langevin equation that describes diffusion on a surface modeled by a two dimensional potential. The potential may be either periodic or random. Depending on the potential and the damping, we observe superdiffusion, large-step diffusion, diffusion, and subdiffusion. Superdiffusive behavior is associated with low damping and is in most cases transient, albeit often long. Subdiffusive behavior is associated with highly damped particles in random potentials. In some cases subdiffusive behavior persists over our entire simulation and may be characterized as metastable. In any case, we stress that this rich variety of behaviors emerges naturally from an ordinary Langevin equation for a system described by ordinary canonical Maxwell-Boltzmann statistics.
Finite-size effects in cylindrical topological insulators
Creators: name: Governale, Michele
name: Bhandari, Bibek
name: Taddei, Fabio
name: Imura, Ken-Ichiro
name: Zülicke, Ulrich
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a theoretical study of a nanowire made of a three-dimensional topological insulator. The bulk topological insulator is described by a continuum-model Hamiltonian, and the cylindrical-nanowire geometry is modelled by a hard-wall boundary condition. We provide the secular equation for the eigenergies of the systems (both for bulk and surface states) and the analytical form of the energy eigenfunctions. We describe how the surface states of the cylinder are modified by finite-size effects. In particular, we provide a $1/R$ expansion for the energy of the surface states up to second order. The knowledge of the analytical form for the wavefunctions enables the computation of matrix elements of any single-particle operators. In particular, we compute the matrix elements of the optical dipole operator, which describe optical absorption and emission, treating intra- and inter-band transition on the same footing. Selection rules for optical transitions require conservation of linear momentum parallel to the nanowire axis, and a change of $0$ or $\pm 1$ in the total-angular-momentum projection parallel to the nanowire axis. The magnitude of the optical-transition matrix elements is strongly affected by the finite radius of the nanowire.
description: 18 pages, 7 figures
Additional file 1 of The TERB1-TERB2-MAJIN complex of mouse meiotic telomeres dates back to the common ancestor of metazoans
Creators: name: Cruz, Irene Da
name: Brochier-Armanet, Céline
name: Benavente, Ricardo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1.
Isotope Effect in the Superfluid Density of HTS Cuprates: Stripes, Pseudogap and Impurities
Creators: name: Tallon, J. L.
name: Islam, R. S.
name: Storey, J.
name: Williams, G. V. M.
name: Cooper, J. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Underdoped cuprates exhibit a normal-state pseudogap, and their spins and doped carriers tend to spatially separate into 1- or 2-D stripes. Some view these as central to superconductivity, others as peripheral and merely competing. Using La$_{2-x}$Sr$_x$Cu$_{1-y}$Zn$_y$O$_4$ we show that an oxygen isotope effect in $T_c$ and in the superfluid density can be used to distinguish between the roles of stripes and pseudogap and also to detect the presence of impurity scattering. We conclude that stripes and pseudogap are distinct, and both compete and coexist with superconductivity.
description: Revised submission to PRL with added appendix on a possible isotope effect in the effective mass, 4 pages, 3 figures
Optimization of a multi-TW few-cycle 1.7-$μ$m source based on Type-I BBO dual-chirped optical parametric amplification
Creators: name: Xu, Lu
name: Nishimura, Kotaro
name: Fu, Yuxi
name: Suda, Akira
name: Midorikawa, Katsumi
name: Takahashi, Eiji J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper presents the optimization of a dual-chirped optical parametric amplification (DC-OPA) scheme for producing an ultrafast intense infrared (IR) pulse. By employing a total energy of 0.77 J Ti:sapphire pump laser and type-I BBO crystals, an IR pulse energy at the center wavelength of 1.7 $μ$m exceeded 0.1 J using the optimized DC-OPA. By adjusting the injected seed spectrum and prism pair compressor with a gross throughput of over 70 \%, the 1.7-$μ$m pulse was compressed to 31 fs, which resulted in a peak power of up to 2.3 TW. Based on the demonstration of the BBO type-I DC-OPA, we propose a novel OPA scheme called the $dual~pump$ DC-OPA for producing a high-energy IR pulse with a two-cycle duration.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures
Resilience of the superradiant phase against $\mathbf {A^2}$ effects in the quantum Rabi dimer
Creators: name: Wang, Yimin
name: Liu, Maoxin
name: You, Wen-Long
name: Chesi, Stefano
name: Luo, Hong-Gang
name: Lin, Hai-Qing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the quantum criticality of a two-site model combining quantum Rabi models with hopping interaction. Through a combination of analytical and numerical approaches, we find that the model allows the appearance of a superradiant quantum phase transition (QPT) even in the presence of strong $\mathbf{A}^2$ terms, preventing single-site superradiance. In the two-site model the effect of $\mathbf{A}^2$ terms can be surmounted by the photon delocalization from hopping, and a reversed superradiant QPT occurs as a consequence of the competition between $\mathbf{A}^2$ terms and the hopping interaction. We characterize the phase diagram and scaling functions, and extract the critical exponents in the vicinity of the critical point, thus establishing the universal behavior of the second-order phase transition. Remarkably the effective hopping strength will be enhanced if more cavities are cascaded. We also prove that the multi-qubit counterpart of the quantum Rabi dimer, i.e., the Dicke dimer, has the same properties in beating the $\mathbf{A}^2$ effect. Our work provides a way to the study of phase transitions in presence of the $\mathbf{A}^2$ terms and offers the prospect of investigating quantum-criticality physics and quantum devices in many-body systems.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures
Neutron star equation of state and tidal deformability with nuclear energy density functionals
Creators: name: Kim, Young-Min
name: Kwak, Kyujin
name: Hyun, Chang Ho
name: Gil, Hana
name: Lee, Chang-Hwan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Neutron star is the ultimate testing place for the physics of dense nuclear matter. Before the detection of gravitational waves from the merger of binary neutron stars, various nuclear equations of state have been used to estimate the macroscopic properties of neutron stars, such as masses and radii, based on the electromagnetic observations. However, recent observations on the tidal deformability of neutron star from the gravitational waves GW170817 opened a new era of multi-messenger astronomy and astrophysics, and many theoretical works have been extended to estimate the tidal deformability of neutron stars. In this article, we review our recent works on the application of nuclear energy density functionals to the properties of neutron stars including tidal deformability. We found that many nuclear energy density functionals, including new KIDS (Korea: IBS-Daegu-Sungkyunkwan) model, satisfy both constraints from current electromagnetic and gravitational wave observations. We discuss future possibilities of constraining nuclear matter equation of state from ground-based experiments and multi-messenger observations.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures, 4 tables
Globális és európai táplálkozási trendek
Creators: name: Balogh, Sándor
name: Baló, Tünde
name: Balogh, Sándor
name: Baló, Tünde
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Health Economics and Policy
subject: kényelmi termékek
subject: funkcionális élelmiszerek
subject: globális és lokális hatások az élelmiszer-fogyasztásban
subject: elhízottság
subject: convenience products
subject: functional foods
subject: global and local effects in food consumption
subject: obesity

description: A 2007-2013 közötti magyarországi fejlesztésekben fontos szerepet játszik a végcélt jelző fogyasztási szokások, táplálkozási trendek ismerete és ezek számításba vétele a hazai döntésekben. Megállapítható, hogy az európai és az amerikai élelmiszer-ipari termékfejlesztési irányzatok között azonosságok és eltérések egyaránt felismerhetők. Azonos sajátosság a kényelmi termékek kínálatának bővülése mindkét piacon. Európában a bővülés lassabb ütemű, talán meg is torpanó, míg az USA-ban most bontakozik ki teljes szélességében. Európában a sokszínű hagyományos élelmiszerválaszték megőrzését fontos közösségi feladatnak tekintik, amelynek társadalmi támogatottsága azonban még nem elég erős. A kényelmi termékek jelenlegi nemzedékének kulcsszava a „portability”, a minden szituációban lehetséges fogyaszthatóság. A nem kielégítő egészségtudatosságú fogyasztóknál ez kontrollálatlan energiabevitelt eredményezhet, amely közvetlenül felel a tömeges elhízásért. A funkcionális élelmiszerek kínálata mind az európai, mind pedig az amerikai piacon egyaránt gyorsan bővül, ám ez utóbbi van vezető pozícióban. Mindkét kontinens élelmiszer-ipari vállalatai számára a legjelentősebb tudományos és üzleti kihívást éppen a funkcionális élelmiszerek piacának megnyerése jelentheti. Az USA-ban már megjelent a kényelmi termékek harmadik generációja, ahol a gyártók célja a kényelmi és az egészségi szempont egyesítése. Ezzel ellentétben az európai fogyasztási „filozófia”– miközben tudomásul veszi a kényelmi szempontot is – a természetes eredetet, a frissességet és a hagyományos recepteket preferálja. -------------------- An overview is given of the differences which can be observed between European and American consumer habits – which start and reflect global trends – as well as between European and American characteristics of food supply. The different positions of the supply of convenience products on these two large markets are presented. The close relationship between the supply of convenience products, uncontrolled personal consumption and obesity is pointed out. The third generation of convenience products has already appeared in the USA, where manufacturers aim at combining convenience and health aspects. Contrary to this, the European consumption “philosophy” – while also acknowledging the convenience aspect – gives greater preference to natural origin, freshness and traditional recipes.
Three-Body Scattering at Intermediate Energies
Creators: name: Liu, H.
name: Elster, Ch.
name: Gloeckle, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Faddeev equation for three-body scattering at arbitrary energies is formulated in momentum space and directly solved in terms of momentum vectors without employing a partial wave decomposition. In its simplest form the Faddeev equation for identical bosons, which we are using, is a three-dimensional integral equation in five variables, magnitudes of relative momenta and angles. This equation is solved through Pade summation. Based on a Malfliet-Tjon-type potential, the numerical feasibility and stability of the algorithm for solving the Faddeev equation is demonstrated. Special attention is given to the selection of independent variables and the treatment of three-body break-up singularities with a spline based method. The elastic differential cross section, semi-exclusive d(N,N') cross sections and total cross sections of both elastic and breakup processes in the intermediate energy range up to about 1 GeV are calculated and the convergence of the multiple scattering series is investigated in every case. In general a truncation in the first or second order in the two-body t-matrix is quite insufficient.
description: 19 pages, 13 figures
title: Gelddruckmaschine oder Sorgenkind? : eine Betrachtung der Motivation von Dachausbauten in Wien samt möglichen Problemstellungen
Creators: name: Birkner, Michael
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Dachprojekt
subject: Dachausbau
subject: Dachgeschosswohnungen
subject: Althausanierung
subject: Denkmalpflege

description: Die gegenständliche Masterthese befasst sich mit dem Thema des Ausbaues von Dachräumen in Wien und den damit verbundenen Problemstellungen. Nachdem der Dachausbau aufgrund der zu erzielenden Verkaufspreise ( zwischen EUR 17.000 und EUR 24.000 pro Quadratmeter in der Wiener Innenstadt) ein sehr profitables Projekt darstellt, hat sich seit den 80er Jahren eine Welle der Umnutzung der bis dahin leerstehenden Dachräume ergeben. In Hinblick auf den allgemein zu erwartenden Gewinn und der damit verbundenen 'Goldgräberstimmung' wurde in dieser Arbeit beleuchtet, welche Parameter bei einem solchen Projekt zu beachten sind, da sich im Zuge eines solchen Projektes viele Problemfelder ergeben können. Weiters wurden die Problemstellungen anhand der geltenden Vorschriften, Richtlinien und allgemeine Problemfelder untersucht, die seit den Anfängen der Dachausbauten verschärft und/oder erweitert wurden. Zusätzlich zu den Problemfeldern werden auch mögliche Förderungen und Sanierungsformen dargestellt. Die vorgestellten Parameter entscheiden im Endeffekt ob der Bauwerber mit einem Dachprojekt ¿Geld druckt¿ oder sich ein ¿Sorgenkind¿ eingehandelt hat.
Current-in-plane spin-valve magnetoresistance in ferromagnetic semiconductor (Ga,Fe)Sb heterostructures with high Curie temperature
Creators: name: Takase, Kengo
name: Anh, Le Duc
name: Takiguchi, Kosuke
name: Tanaka, Masaaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate spin-valve magnetoresistance with a current-in-plane (CIP) configuration in (Ga,Fe)Sb / InAs (thickness $t_\mathrm{InAs}$ nm) / (Ga,Fe)Sb trilayer heterostructures, where (Ga,Fe)Sb is a ferromagnetic semiconductor (FMS) with high Curie temperature ($T_\mathrm{C}$). An MR curve with an open minor loop is clearly observed at 3.7 K in a sample with $t_\mathrm{InAs}$ = 3 nm, which originates from the parallel - antiparallel magnetization switching of the (Ga,Fe)Sb layers and spin-dependent scattering at the (Ga,Fe)Sb / InAs interfaces. The MR ratio increases (from 0.03 to 1.6%) with decreasing $t_\mathrm{InAs}$ (from 9 to 3 nm) due to the enhancement of the interface scattering. This is the first demonstration of the spin-valve effect in Fe-doped FMS heterostructures, paving the way for device applications of these high- $T_\mathrm{C}$ FMSs.
description: 15 pages, 7 figures
Az ökológiai gazdaságok eredményei
Creators: name: Koltai, Judit Petra
name: Mazán, Márió
name: Koltai, Judit Petra
name: Mazán, Márió
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: ökológiai gazdálkodás
subject: árbevétel
subject: költség
subject: gyomszabályozás
subject: organic farming
subject: income
subject: cost
subject: weed management

description: Az ökológiai gazdálkodásokból származó megbízható és hasznos információk iránti igény növekedése várható, mert egyre több gazdaság tér át az ökológiai gazdálkodásra. Vizsgálataink szerint az ökológiai gazdálkodásban realizált hozamok jelentős ingadozást mutatnak a hagyományos gazdálkodási rendszerekhez képest, viszont magasabb értékesítési átlagárak realizálódnak. A fogyasztók hajlandóak akár 100-200%-os felárat is fizetni annak tudatában, hogy az általuk vásárolt termék „vegyszermentes” termelésből származik. Az ökológiai gazdaság költségszerkezete lényegesen különbözik a hagyományos gazdaságokétól, egyes költségek (pl. növényvédő szer) alacsonyabbak, míg mások (pl. bérköltség) magasabbak. A gyomszabályozás az ökológiai gazdálkodás egyik fő nehézsége, ráadásul a termelési költségek jelentős hányadát teszi ki. ------------------------ The demand for relevant and practical information about organic farming practices is likely to become greater as more growers enter the industry, presumably with little or no experience in commercial organic production. However, numerous reports state that institutional organic research and expansion is poorly developed, with relevant information being difficult to obtain. On the one hand, organic agricultural yields are likely to fall behind conventional ones. On the other, higher prices can be achieved as consumers’ needs tend to shift towards products of higher or special quality, and they are willing to pay up to 100-200% extra in order to purchase a product resulting from “non chemical” production. Its cost structure differs from conventional production as some cost forms are lower (e.g. pesticides), while others tend to be higher (e.g. salaries and employer’s contributions). Altogether, an 80-100% cost level can be seen as valid. Weed management is widely acknowledged as a major constraint in organic agriculture. The lack of relevant, accessible information, and concerns about the impact of weeds on production have highlighted the need for further research and an extension of OWM practices.
Development of a lead spring u-bolt load transducer : part of an onboard weighing system for off-highway log trucks
Creators: name: Shetty, Mithun Karunakar
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This thesis was motivated by the current concern of brake failure in off-highway log trucks descending steep grades. In order to utilise a guideline being developed for the prediction of safe maximum grades for descent under a range of truck payloads, it is necessary to measure axle weights during loading. A background review found that there are no commercially available on-board weighing systems that can be retrofitted to the drive axles of an off-highway tractor. Therefore, an investigation into the development of an on-board weighing system for the off-highway log trucks was initiated. This research was divided into two stages: preliminary strain measurement with a loaded off-highway tractor, and finite element modelling of a U-bolt from the tractor’s leaf spring suspension. A preliminary measurement test was carried out to identify potential suspension components that could act as load transducers for measuring axle weight. The preliminary results showed that incremental strain at two locations on the U-bolt varied linearly with payload, for an incremental load of 22.5 kN. Finite element modelling of the U-bolt was carried out to predict the maximum incremental strain occurring on the U-bolt surface. The model was calibrated with the measured data and a sensitivity analysis was done on key modelling parameters to determine the most suitable level of leaf spring block length, preload and U-bolt-to-Ieaf spring friction coefficient. Incremental strain on the top of the curved portion of the U-bolt was found to be relatively consistent and close to the maximum level of incremental strain and is recommended as a preferred position for strain gauging.
Az ökológiai termékek kiskereskedelmi piacainak jellemzői
Creators: name: Gyarmati, Gábor
name: Gyarmati, Gábor
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Health Economics and Policy
subject: ökológiai gazdálkodás
subject: ökológiai termékek piaca
subject: fogyasztói jellemzők
subject: a világ ökológiai piacai
subject: globalizáció
subject: organic farming
subject: markets for organic products
subject: characteristics of consumers
subject: organic markets of the world

description: Az ökológiai termékek piaca a ’90-es években Nyugat-Európában lezajlott látványos felfutás ellenére szűk piaci szegmenst képez az élelmiszerek piacán. Az utóbbi években a felfutás mértéke csökkent, sőt egyes piacokon megtorpanás következett be. Az ökológiai termékek fogyasztói az ökológiai termékek iránt elkötelezettekből, az egészségtudatos luxusfogyasztókból és az egészségügyi problémák miatti kényszerfogyasztókból (pl. Gerson diétát vagy Breuss kúrát végzők) áll, de jelentős felár és a szűk értékesítési lehetőségek miatt a világ összes élelmiszerfogyasztásában nem haladja meg a 0,1%-ot. Hazánkban ennél is kisebb arányt (0,05%) ért el az utóbbi években, annak is köszönhetően, hogy az ökológiai felárak mértéke többszöröse a nyugat-európai piacokon tapasztaltaknak. A világban az észak-amerikai és a nyugat-európai területek jelentik a nagy fogyasztói piacokat, ahol az ökológiai termékek aránya elérheti a 2%-ot, míg Európa, Dél-Amerika és Ausztrália a legnagyobb előállítók. A globalizációs kihívásoknak az ökológiai termékkör szereplői is érdekszövetségek létrehozásával, a nagyobb értékesítési csatornákban való megjelenéssel és a magas minőségi követelmények maradéktalan betartásával képesek megfelelni. -------------------------- Despite the slight boom in the 90’s in Western Europe the market for organic products forms a narrow segment in the foods market. The growth ratio decreased recently and even stalled on some markets, where these reached the limits of their possibilities. The consumers of organic products consist of committed consumers, health conscious luxury consumers, and those subject to an enforced diet due to health problems (Gerson diet or Breuss cure). The average ratio of the consumption of organic food is 0.1 % globally due to significant extra charges and narrow sales possibilities. This ratio was even smaller (0.05 %) in Hungary in recent years, as the extra charges were more than 100 % higher than in Western Europe. The largest consumer markets are North America and Western Europe where the consumption ratio of organic products can reach 2 %, while Europe, South America and Australia are the largest producers.
title: Wirtschaftlichkeitsuntersuchung solarthermisch unterstützter fossiler Kraftwerke
Creators: name: Leiningen, Hermann zu
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Solar Boosting
subject: Concentrating Solar Power (CSP)
subject: Solar Thermal Electricity (STE)
subject: Solar Boosting
subject: Concentrating Solar Power (CSP)
subject: Solar Thermal Electricity (STE)

description: Die solarthermische Unterstützung fossiler Kraftwerke ist eine Möglichkeit, die atmosphärischen Treibhausgas-Emissionen von fossil befeuerten Kraftwerken zu reduzieren. Ein Einsatz dieser Technik an einem Großteil der in den sonnenreichen Regionen der Welt gelegen den Kraftwerken könnte die vom Menschen verursachte Klimaerwärmung begrenzen. Diese Arbeit untersucht die Möglichkeit, ein bestehendes, mit Kohle oder Erdgas befeuertes Kraftwerk zu einem solarthermischen Hybridkraftwerk umzurüsten. Für die Untersuchungen wird von dem Kraftwerk ein Simulationsmodell mit einem Kraftwerksimulationsprogramm (Ebsilon Professional 12.0) erstellt. Eine detaillierte Analyse aller Kraftwerksmodelle bildet dabei die Basis für die Wirtschaftlichkeitsuntersuchung des optimalen Kraftwerksmodells. Die Wirtschaftlichkeitsuntersuchung erfolgt über den Vergleich der Stromgestehungskosten der Hybridsystem mit den reinen fossilen Kraftwerken.
description: The solar thermal support of fossil power plants is one option to reduce atmospheric greenhouse gas emissions of fossil fueled power plants. Thus a wide-scale implementation of this technology may help to limit human induced global warming and its negative consequences being expected. The focus of this investigation is turned on the development of a retrofit concept for an existing coal or gas fired power station. A simulation model of the power station is created by the power station simulation program (Ebsilon Professional 12.0) for the tests. A detailed analysis of all power plant models forms the basis for the efficiency analysis of the optimal power plant model. The cost-effectiveness analysis is carried out by comparing the electricity production costs of the hybrid system with the pure fossil power stations.
Observation of Vertical Betatron Sideband due to Electron Clouds in the KEKB LER
Creators: name: Flanagan, J. W.
name: Ohmi, K.
name: Fukuma, H.
name: Hiramatsu, S.
name: Tobiyama, M.
name: Perevedentsev, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effects of electron clouds on positively-charged beams have been an active area of research in recent years at particle accelerators around the world. Transverse beam-size blow-up due to electron clouds has been observed in some machines, and is considered to be a major limiting factor in the development of higher-current, higher-luminosity electron-positron colliders. The leading proposed mechanism for beam blow-up is the excitation of a fast head-tail instability due to short-range wakes within the electron cloud. We present here observations of betatron oscillation sidebands in bunch-by-bunch spectra that may provide direct evidence of such head-tail motion in a positron beam.
description: 5 pages, 7 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. Lett; expanded discussion, fixed figure, fixed typos; shortened for publication
Immediate and delayed responses of power lines and transformers in the Czech electric power grid to geomagnetic storms
Creators: name: Švanda, Michal
name: Mourenas, Didier
name: Žertová, Karla
name: Výbošťoková, Tatiana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Eruptive events of solar activity often trigger abrupt variations of the geomagnetic field. Through the induction of electric currents, human infrastructures are also affected, namely the equipment of electric power transmission networks. It was shown in past studies that the rate of power-grid anomalies may increase after an exposure to strong geomagnetically induced currents. We search for a rapid response of devices in the Czech electric distribution grid to disturbed days of high geomagnetic activity. Such disturbed days are described either by the cumulative storm-time $Dst$ or $d(\textit{SYM-H})/dt$ low-latitude indices mainly influenced by ring current variations, by the cumulative $AE$ high-latitude index measuring substorm-related auroral current variations, or by the cumulative $ap$ mid-latitude index measuring both ring and auroral current variations. We use superposed epoch analysis to identify possible increases of anomaly rates during and after such disturbed days. We show that in the case of abundant series of anomalies on power lines, the anomaly rate increases significantly immediately (within 1 day) after the onset of geomagnetic storms. In the case of transformers, the increase of the anomaly rate is generally delayed by 2--3 days. We also find that transformers and some electric substations seem to be sensitive to a prolonged exposure to substorms, with a delayed increase of anomalies. Overall, we show that in the 5-day period following the commencement of geomagnetic activity there is an approximately 5--10\% increase in the recorded anomalies in the Czech power grid and thus this fraction of anomalies is probably related to an exposure to GICs.
description: 23 pages, 6 figures, 3 tables + online appendix. Accepted for publication in Journal of Space Weather and Space Climate
Additional file 1 of 18F-FDG PET/CT based spleen to liver ratio associates with clinical outcome to ipilimumab in patients with metastatic melanoma
Creators: name: Wong, Annie
name: Callahan, Jason
name: Keyaerts, Marleen
name: Neyns, Bart
name: Mangana, Johanna
name: Aberle, Susanne
name: Herschtal, Alan
name: Fullerton, Sonia
name: Milne, Donna
name: Iravani, Amir
name: McArthur, Grant A.
name: Hicks, Rodney J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1 S1. Detailed PET acquisition methodology. S2. Multi-variable linear regression model for spleen to liver ratio. S3. Cytokine profile of patients treated with ipilimumab (n = 14). S4. Baseline demographic and disease characteristics of validation cohort.