cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A Study of Political Interaction based on Information Interchange in a Formally Organised Setting
Creators: name: Floyd, Christopher Charles
Publisher: name: London South Bank University
Year: 1995

description: A review of investigations of political interaction confirms that the adherence to positivist methodology and quantitative methods has led to the current disciplinary hegemony by the rational economic model. As_ current government policy, this has resulted in restrictions on some studies and the use of more sensitive methodologies which might undermine that domination. The alternative naturalistic methodology and qualitative methods provide means of accessing important micro-phenomena such as the reflexive production of meaning and action, but only ona local interpersonal basis. A third option, the information-processing approach, indicates that language provides links between micro- (cognitive), local (interactional), and macro- (institutional) phenomena in social systems. On examination, contrasts are drawn between a linguistic, or text-based treatment of natural language understanding and production, and a treatment based on a reflexive generation of meaning in streams of utterances and non-utterances. A hybrid methodology is formulated combining an inductive front-end for data-collection, with a critical use of methods and techniques of analysis and synthesis drawn from artificial intelligence and cognitive science. Reflexivity between the researcher and the research community is treated as integral data. 
This methodology is applied to the investigation of organization interaction. Rejecting the turn-based model of conversation analysis, a new model is formulated for the understanding and production of strategic sequences in political interaction. Data are submitted to both issue-profile and intonation analyses, and then to strategic sequence and temporality analyses. The results are synthesized as symbolic expressions and mapped to depict the logical placement of momentary meaning structures identified from the stream of interaction. 
It is inferred that a temporal logic manager within the reflexive processes controls the understanding and production of strategic sequences during political interaction. Proposals are made to develop this model into a tool for investigating political interaction.
Multilobated abdominal nodule
Creators: name: Diaz-Cano, Salvador J.
name: L Pozo-Garcia
name: E Jorquera
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Subcutaneous nodule in a postmenopausal diabetic patient revealing a cystic granulomatous inflammation surrounding aggregates of red blood cells. These features are characteristics of spherulocystic disease.
Coefficient identification of the regularized p-Stokes equations
Creators: name: Schmidt, Niko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 49J20, 49J50, 76A05, 76D07

description: The Antarctic and Greenland ice sheet simulation is challenging due to unknown parameters in the $p$-Stokes equations. In this work, we prove the existence of a solution to a parameter identification for the ice rheology and the friction coefficient. Additionally, we verify Gâteaux differentiability of the coefficient-to-state operator by extending a similar result for distributed control. Moreover, we have more complicated boundary conditions. We only have to add a small diffusion term and assume the nonlinear exponent, which is given in applications, to be small enough to obtain the results. Finally, we state the adjoint equation and prove existence and uniqueness of a solution for this equation.
description: 18 pages
ANALYZING TREND, CHANGE POINTS AND FORECASTING OF HYDROPOWER GENERATION USING ARIMA IN THE MAJOR SOUTH ASIAN COUNTRIES
Creators: name: Dr. LALITHA P S
name: KALPANA POLISETTY
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: ARIMA, Change Points, Homogeneity Test, Hydropower Generation, South Asian Countries, Trend Analysis.

description: Abstract

This study investigates hydropower generation across major South Asian countries, namely Bangladesh, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka. The paper focused on exploring through descriptive statistics, employing change points, homogeneity tests, and the Mann-Kendall Trend Test, alongside Sen’s Slope analysis, the study evaluates the trends in hydropower generation. Additionally, ARIMA models are applied to the data, optimizing parameters (p, d, q) to identify the most suitable model. Utilizing ACF and PACF plots and considering AIC and BIC for model selection, the study forecasts hydropower generation (TWh) for major SAARC nations. This comprehensive analysis contributes to understanding the dynamics of hydropower generation in South Asia and facilitates informed decision-making in energy policy and planning.
Flavor and Fluctuations
Creators: name: Nicolis, Stam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Parisi-Sourlas approach to supersymmetry implies that, in spacetime dimensions greater than 1, there is a constraint on the minimal number of flavors, in order for a field theory to define a closed system. In particular, this number is greater than 1. This does not preclude that supersymmetry can be broken, however, and the known ways of breaking supersymmetry can be taken into account from this point of view, by using the so-called Nicolai map. This procedure is well-defined for abelian gauge theories and corresponds to the construction of the so-called trivializing maps for non-abelian gauge theories, that is, still, work in progress.
description: 7 pages LaTeX, uses pos.sty and JHEP.bst. Contribution to the Corfu Summer Institute 2023,"School and Workshops on Elementary Particle Physics and Gravity" (CORFU2023)
Clonal origin and expansions in neoplasms: biologic and technical aspects must be considered together
Creators: name: Diaz-Cano, Salvador J.
name: L Pozo-Garcia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Microsatellite-based clonality assays include the analysis of X-chromosome inactivation (XCI) and loss of heterozygosity (LOH) of tumor suppressor genes, and have been rarely applied to differentiate clonal origin from clonal expansion in neoplasms. The key elements for that distinction are: tumor natural history with particular attention to the relative timing between test conversion and clonal expansion, the lesion cell kinetic, and sample conditions. Studies based on allele ratio of genes involved in the transformation pathway must validate technique conditions to obtain reliable quantification methods able to detect clonal growths.
Russisches Zentrum für die Archivierung und Erforschung von Dokumenten der neuesten Geschichte, Ostasiatisches Seminar der Freien Universität Berlin, Institut für den Fernen Osten der Russischen Akademie der Wissenschaften (Hrsg.)
Creators: name: Heinzig, Dieter
Publisher: name: ASIEN: The German Journal on Contemporary Asia
Year: 2021

description: ASIEN: The German Journal on Contemporary Asia, Nr. 71 (1999): ASIEN (April)
Large-deviations approach to thermalization: the case of harmonic chains with conservative noise
Creators: name: Lepri, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the possibility of characterizing the different thermalization pathways through a large-deviation approach. Specifically, we consider clean, disordered and quasi-periodic harmonic chains under energy and momentum-conserving noise. For their associated master equations, describing the dynamics of normal modes energies, we compute the fluctuations of activity and dynamical entropy in the corresponding biased ensembles. First-order dynamical phase transition are found that originates from different activity regions in action space. At the transitions, the steady-state in the biased ensembles changes from extended to localized, yielding a kind of condensation in normal-modes space. For the disordered and quasi-periodic models, we argue that the phase-diagram has a critical point at a finite value of the disorder or potential strength.
description: J. Stat. Mech. (2024) 073208
Cancer in the thyroid is not always thyroid cancer
Creators: name: Diaz-Cano, Salvador J.
name: A B Grossman
name: K E Akester
name: N Somasundaram
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2012
Subjects: Medicine
Cancer

description: Most clinicians assume that a thyroid mass which appears to be malignant is most likely a tumour arising from thyroid cells. We present a case where the thyroid malignancy was associated with a degree of systemic clinical and biochemical disturbance which suggested alternative diagnoses, and in which fine-needle aspiration revealed that the patient had a thyroid lymphoma. Gastric biopsy showed that this was a primary gastric diffuse B cell lymphoma. Subsequent management provided a number of challenging and overlapping problems, and the patient eventually died from this high-grade malignancy. We review the prevalence, presentation, diagnosis and management of lymphomas presenting as thyroid masses, and underline the problems in management when there is multi-system disease.
Rossijskij Centr Chranenija i Izucenija Dokumentov Novejsej Istorij, Institut Dal'nego Vostoka Rossijskoj Akademii Nauk, Vostocnoaziatskij Seminar Sobodnogo Universiteta Berlina (Hrsg)
Creators: name: Heinzig, Dieter
Publisher: name: ASIEN: The German Journal on Contemporary Asia
Year: 2021

description: ASIEN: The German Journal on Contemporary Asia, Nr. 71 (1999): ASIEN (April)
ILG'OR KOMMUNIKATSION TEXNOLOGIYALAR ASOSIDA BO'LAJAK TARBIYACHILARNING AXBOROT-KONSTRUKTIV KOMPETENSIYALARINI TAKOMILLASHTIRISH
Creators: name: Olamova, Mamura
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Maqolada maktabgacha ta’lim tizimida ilg‘or axborot texnologiyalari sifatida multemediali ta’limni joriy qilinishining ustuvor xususiyatlari pedagogik nuqtai-nazaridan muhokama qilingan.
Christiane Hammer; Bernhard Führer: Chinesisches Selbstverständnis und kulturelle Identität - "Wenhua Zhongguo"
Creators: name: Schubert, Gunter
Publisher: name: ASIEN: The German Journal on Contemporary Asia
Year: 2021

description: ASIEN: The German Journal on Contemporary Asia, Nr. 71 (1999): ASIEN (April)
Laurenz Awater: Die politische Wirtschaftsgeschichte der VR China. Vom Sowjetmodell zur sozialistischen Marktwirtschaft
Creators: name: Wüllner, Claudia
Publisher: name: ASIEN: The German Journal on Contemporary Asia
Year: 2021

description: ASIEN: The German Journal on Contemporary Asia, Nr. 71 (1999): ASIEN (April)
Dagmar Hemm: Wege und Irrwege der Frauenbefreiung in China. Radikalismus und Idealismus der Frauenemanzipation gesehen in Zeitschriftenbeitragen aus der Vierten-Mai-Ära (1916 - 1922)
Creators: name: Lipinsky, Astrid
Publisher: name: ASIEN: The German Journal on Contemporary Asia
Year: 2021

description: ASIEN: The German Journal on Contemporary Asia, Nr. 71 (1999): ASIEN (April)
Marianne Pitzen; Qin Ping; Chris Werner (Hrsg.): Die Hälfte des Himmels. Chinesische Künstlerinnen der Gegenwart. Chinesischdeutsch- englischer Ausstellungskatalog.
Creators: name: Lipinsky, Astrid
Publisher: name: ASIEN: The German Journal on Contemporary Asia
Year: 2021

description: ASIEN: The German Journal on Contemporary Asia, Nr. 71 (1999): ASIEN (April)
CGMIM: Automated text-mining of Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) to identify genetically-associated cancers and candidate genes
Creators: name: Bajdik, Chris D
name: Kuo, Byron
name: Rusaw, Shawn
name: Jones, Steven J. M.
name: Brooks-Wilson, Angela
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2016

description: Background: Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) is a computerized database of information about genes and heritable traits in human populations, based on information reported in the scientific literature. Our objective was to establish an automated text-mining system for OMIM that will identify genetically-related cancers and cancer-related genes. We developed the computer program CGMIM to search for entries in OMIM that are related to one or more cancer types. We performed manual searches of OMIM to verify the program results. Results: In the OMIM database on September 30, 2004, CGMIM identified 1943 genes related to cancer. BRCA2 (OMIM *164757), BRAF (OMIM *164757) and CDKN2A (OMIM *600160) were each related to 14 types of cancer. There were 45 genes related to cancer of the esophagus, 121 genes related to cancer of the stomach, and 21 genes related to both. Analysis of CGMIM results indicate that fewer than three gene entries in OMIM should mention both, and the more than seven-fold discrepancy suggests cancers of the esophagus and stomach are more genetically related than current literature suggests. Conclusion: CGMIM identifies genetically-related cancers and cancer-related genes. In several ways, cancers with shared genetic etiology are anticipated to lead to further etiologic hypotheses and advances regarding environmental agents. CGMIM results are posted monthly and the source code can be obtained free of charge from the BC Cancer Research Centre website http://www.bccrc.ca/ccr/CGMIM.
Difference between familial and sporadic medullary thyroid carcinomas
Creators: name: Diaz-Cano, Salvador J.
name: Mears, Lisa
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Cancer

description: The authors clearly conclude that there is no single morphologic criterion reliable for that distinction, although some findings tend to be more frequent in familial tumors. However, both diagnostic and biologic aspects would need additional comments for both C-cell hyperplasias (CCH) and MTCs. The presence of CCH is more frequently associated with, but not exclusive of, familial MTC. 2,3 Although the authors present a classic morphologic classification of CCH, 5 they do not draw any conclusion from that classification. The absence of CCH was found exclusive of sporadic MTC; the presence, however, was less informative. Terminologically, two aspects need some clarification. First, focal and diffuse growth patterns are not fortunate descriptors. C-cell hyperplasia is always a focal process in the thyroid because it affects a certain number of follicles only. What can be focal is the follicular involvement. Probably focal and diffuse growth patterns would be better called segmental and circumferential when describing the follicular distribution. The second aspect is the term intraepithelial neoplasia. The expansile growth patterns of CCH share reproducible morphologic features, genetic and kinetic profiles consistent with C-CIN, but we do not have such an evidence for nonexpansile CCH yet. We would therefore propose to restrict the term C-CIN to expansile CCH only (nodular and neoplastic growth patterns). All these data support the neoplastic transformation of C cells through multiple steps and the morphologic sequence of intraepithelial–invasive neoplasm. Conclusion: The growth pattern of intraepithelial and invasive C-cell proliferation can provide clues on the familial background. Multifocal and bilateral invasive tumors associated with expansile intraepithelial C-cell neoplasm would be familial CCH MTC in 98.13% of cases, according with data presented by Kaserer et al. 3 The probability of being sporadic that neoplasm would be 0.1875 × (multifocal) × 0.2143 (bilateral) × 0.4643 (expansile CCH) = 0.0187, or 1.87%. Invasive MTCs still require the identification of tumors with metastatic potential; our personal experience and the Kaserer et al. data 3 suggest that neoplasms with desmoplastic stromal reaction have more likely acquired that potential and would be in so-called vertical growth phase.
Malignant melanoma in an 8-year-old Caribbean girl: diagnostic criteria and utility of sentinel lymph node biopsy
Creators: name: Diaz-Cano, Salvador J.
name: A J Durrani
name: R Cerio
name: G C Moir
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2012
Subjects: Medicine
Cancer

description: The incidence of malignant melanoma (MM) is continuing to rise, although childhood MM remains rare. We describe an 8-year-old Afro-Caribbean girl who developed a non pigmented lesion on the tip of her left thumb, which persisted despite treatment in primary care with cryotherapy. At biopsy she was found to have an acquired acral MM. She underwent amputation of the distal phalanx of her thumb, together with positive sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy and subsequent axillary lymph node clearance and adjuvant chemotherapy. MMs are very rare in this age and skin-type group, therefore requiring strict diagnostic criteria. These criteria include the distinction from MM mimics, especially Spitz tumours, and an appropriate use of staging techniques such as SLN biopsy to influence management.
Reduced expression of the growth hormone and type 1 insulin-like growth factor receptors in human somatotroph tumours and an analysis of possible mutations of the growth hormone receptor
Creators: name: Diaz-Cano, Salvador J.
name: A B Grossman
name: B Kola
name: M Korbonits
name: M Powell
name: G Arnaldi
name: G Kaltsas
name: S Czirjak
name: L Metherell
name: D G Morris
name: M Boscaro
name: S Bustin
name: F Mantero
name: S Jordan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2012
Subjects: Molecular Biology
Medicine
Cell Biology
Cancer

description: Clinical acromegaly is characterized by elevated GH secretion in the presence of high circulating IGF-I levels. We hypothesized that the physiological IGF-I/GH negative feedback loop may be reset in somatotroph adenomas, specifically in terms of the level of expression of these receptors or mutations of the GH receptor (GH-R) in such tumours.
 We therefore investigated the full coding sequence of the GH-R in a series of somatotroph and other pituitary adenomas. We also investigated the mRNA expression of these putative feedback receptors in a series of pituitary adenomas and normal pituitary tissue, and their protein expression by immunostaining. Real-time RT-PCR assay was used for the quantification of the type 1 IGF receptor (IGF-R) and GH receptor (GH-R) mRNA, and sequence analysis was performed on the coding region of the GH-R gene.
 No somatic mutations of the GH-R mRNA were detected in 18 GH-secreting tumours or two nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas (NFPAs). However, the levels of GH-R mRNA were significantly lower in both somatotroph tumours and NFPAs compared to the normal pituitary (P < 0.05 for both). Immunostaining for GH-R also showed significantly less GH-R expression in somatotroph adenomas compared to normal pituitary tissue (P < 0.0001). IGF-R mRNA levels were significantly lower in somatotroph tumours compared to normal pituitary (P = 0.005), and trended lower in corticotroph tumours (P = 0.07), while the other tumour types showed no significant difference from normal pituitary. Immunostaining for IGF-R also showed less IGF-R protein in the somatotroph adenomas compared to the normal pituitary tissue (P < 0.01).
 Our findings suggest that decreased feedback inhibition of GH because of somatic mutations of the coding region of the GH-R are unlikely to be a common factor in the pathogenesis of these tumours. Nevertheless, decreased expression of the GH-R and of IGF-R in somatotroph tumours (both at the mRNA and protein level) may, at least in part, help explain the continuous secretion of GH from the tumour despite the high circulating levels of IGF-I and GH.
Gerhard Krebs, Christian Oberländer (Hrsg.): 1945 in Europe and Asia. Reconsidering the End of World War II and the Change of the World Order
Creators: name: Osterhammel, Jürgen
Publisher: name: ASIEN: The German Journal on Contemporary Asia
Year: 2021

description: ASIEN: The German Journal on Contemporary Asia, Nr. 71 (1999): ASIEN (April)
The evolution equation for the energy-momentum moments of the non-equilibrium density function & The regularized relativistic third order hydrodynamics
Creators: name: Ye, Dasen
name: Jeon, Sangyong
name: Gale, Charles
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we first derive the evolution equation for the general energy-momentum moment of $δf$, where $δf$ is the deviation from the local equilibrium phase space density. We then introduce a relativistic extension of regularized hydrodynamics developed in the non-relativistic case by Struchtrup and Torrilhon that combines the method of moments and Chapman-Enskog expansion. Hydrodynamic equations up to the third-order in gradients are then systematially derived within the context of a single species system and the relaxation time approximation. This is followed by a series of linear stability and causality analysis. For the system of massless particles without any charge conservation, the third-order hydrodynamics is shown to be linearly stable and causal.
description: 37 pages with extensive appendices. 8 figures. Version accepted by Physical Review C
title: Assessment of color preference, purchase intention and sexual attractiveness of lipstick colors under multiple lighting conditions
Creators: name: Tian, Baolin
name: Gong, Hanwen
name: Chen, Zhiyu
name: Yu, Xuan
name: Pointer, Michael R.
name: Yu, Jie
name: Yu, Feng
name: Liu, Qiang
Publisher: name: Frontiers Media S.A.
Year: 2024

description: Lipstick is one of the most commonly used cosmetics, which is closely associated with female attractiveness and influences people’s perception and behavior. This study aimed to investigate the impact of light sources, lipstick colors, as well as gender on the subjective assessment of lipstick color products from the prospective of color preference, purchase intention and sexual attractiveness. The correlation between color preference evaluations when applying lipstick on lips and on forearms was also explored. Sixty participants completed their visual assessment of 15 lipsticks worn by 3 models under 5 light sources, with uniformly sampled correlated color temperature (CCT) values ranging from 2,500 K to 6,500 K. The results indicated that the light source significantly influenced color preference and purchase intention, while lipstick color significantly impacted on sexual attractiveness. The interactions between gender and other factors were also observed and are discussed. Compared to men, women were found to be more sensitive to different light sources and hold different attitudes toward different lipstick colors under different CCTs. Interestingly, no significant correlation was found between lipstick color preference ratings on the lips and forearm, which conflicted with the commonly recognized way of lipstick color selection. These findings should contribute to a deeper understanding of the consumer attitude toward lipstick colors and provide a useful reference for lighting design in situations where cosmetics are specified, manufactured, retailed and generally used, both professionally and in the home.
Activating point mutations in cyclin-dependent kinase 4 are not seen in sporadic pituitary adenomas, insulinomas or Leydig cell tumours
Creators: name: Diaz-Cano, Salvador J.
name: M Gueorguiev
name: R Bibi
name: V V Vax
name: B Kola
name: A B Grossman
name: M Korbonits
name: N Borboli
name: B Bressac-De Paillerets
name: I I Dedov
name: G J Walker
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2012
Subjects: Molecular Biology
Medicine
Cell Biology
Cancer

description: Cell cycle dysregulation is one of the defining features of cancer. Cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4), together with its regulatory subunit cyclin D, governs cell cycle progression through the G1 phase. Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors, including p16(INK4A) (encoded by CDKN2A), in turn regulate CDK4. In particular, dysregulation of the p16/CDK4/cyclin D complex has been established in a variety of types of human tumours. Dominant activating mutations affecting codon 24 of the CDK4 gene (replacement of Arg24 by Cys or His) render CDK4 insensitive to p16(INK4) inhibition and are responsible for melanoma susceptibility in some kindreds. However, 'knock-in' mice homozygous for the CDK4(R24C) mutation were noted to develop multiple neoplasia, most commonly including endocrine tumours: pituitary adenomas, insulinomas and Leydig cell testicular tumours. We therefore speculated that sporadic human endocrine tumours might also harbour such mutations. The aim of the current study was to analyze the CDK4 gene for the two characterized activating mutations, R24C and R24H, in sporadic human pituitary adenomas, insulinomas and Leydig cell tumours. We used DNA extracted from 61 pituitary adenomas, and paired tumorous and neighboring normal genomic DNA extracted from 14 insulinoma and 6 Leydig cell tumour samples. Genomic DNA from patients with familial melanoma harbouring the R24C or the R24H mutations served as positive controls. All samples were subjected to PCR, mutation-specific restriction digests and/or sequencing. Both methodologies failed to detect mutations at these two sites in any of the sporadic endocrine tumours including pituitary adenomas, benign or malignant insulinomas or Leydig cell tumours, while the positive controls showed the expected heterozygote patterns. Protein expression of CDK4 was demonstrated by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting in pituitary and pancreatic samples. These data suggest that the changes in the regulatory 'hot-spot' on the CDK4 gene, causing various endocrine tumours in CDK4(R24C/R24C )mice, are not a major factor in sporadic pituitary, insulin beta-cell or Leydig cell tumorigenesis.
Microsatellite instability in colon cancer
Creators: name: Diaz-Cano, Salvador J.
name: Blanes, Alfredo
name: Jimenez, Juan J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Microsatellite instability helps predict the treatment response in patients with colorectal carcinoma.1-3 In our studies of microsatellite instability, we found that intratumor heterogeneity for a given marker may bias the stratification of patients. In analyzing 90 sporadic colorectal adenocarcinomas for microsatellite instability and MLH1MSH2 expression according to the topographic compartment of the tumor, we found significant differences between the superficial compartment (tumor cells above the muscularis propria) and the deep compartment (tumor cells infiltrating the muscularis propria), with down-regulation of protein expression and increased microsatellite instability in the deep compartment. At least one third of tumors that are unstable in the deep compartment can be expected to be stable in the superficial compartment.
Clinical Pearls from the Cochrane Library
Creators: name: Therapeutics Initiative (University Of British Columbia)
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2023

description: Therapeutics Letter 55 summarizes five Cochrane systematic reviews that provide clear clinical evidence to direct patient care: corticosteroids for acute traumatic brain injury, fixed dose subcutaneous low molecular weight heparins (LMWH) versus adjusted dose unfractionated heparin (UFH) for venous thromboembolis, vaccines for preventing influenza in healthy adults, antiplatelet agents and anticoagulants for hypertension, and effect of longer-term modest salt reduction on blood pressure.
Non-Hermitian zero-energy pinning of Andreev and Majorana bound states in superconductor-semiconductor systems
Creators: name: Cayao, Jorge
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The emergence of Majorana bound states in finite length superconductor-semiconductor hybrid systems has been predicted to occur in the form of oscillatory energy levels with parity crossings around zero energy. Each zero-energy crossing is expected to produce a quantized zero-bias conductance peak but several studies have reported conductance peaks pinned at zero energy over a range of Zeeman fields, whose origin, however, is not clear. In this work we consider superconducting systems with spin-orbit coupling under a Zeeman field and demonstrate that non-Hermitian effects, due to coupling to ferromagnet leads, induce zero-energy pinning of Majorana and trivial Andreev bound states. We find that this zero-energy pinning effect occurs due to the formation of non-Hermitian spectral degeneracies known as exceptional points, whose emergence can be controlled by the interplay of non-Hermiticity, the applied Zeeman field, and chemical potentials. Moreover, depending on the non-Hermitian spatial profile, we find that non-Hermiticity changes the single point Hermitian topological phase transition into a flattened zero energy line bounded by exceptional points from multiple low energy levels. This seemingly innocent change notably enables a gap closing well below the Hermitian topological phase transition, which can be in principle simpler to achieve. Furthermore, we reveal that the energy gap separating Majorana and trivial Andreev bound states from the quasicontinuum remains robust for the values that give rise to the zero-energy pinning effect. While reasonable values of non-Hermiticity can be indeed beneficial, very strong non-Hermitian effects can be detrimental as it might destroy superconductivity. Our findings can be therefore useful for understanding the zero-energy pinning of trivial and topological states in Majorana devices.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures. Published version
Microscopic solutions for vortex clustering in two-band type-1.5 superconductors
Creators: name: Timoshuk, Igor
name: Babaev, Egor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two-band superconductors exhibit a distinct phase characterized by two correlation lengths, one smaller and the other larger than the magnetic field penetration length. This regime was coined type-1.5 superconductivity, with several unconventional properties, such as vortex clustering. However, a fully microscopic solution for vortex clusters has remained challenging due to computational complexities beyond quasiclassical models. This work presents numerical solutions obtained in a fully self-consistent two-band Bogoliubov-de Gennes model. We show the presence of discrepant correlation lengths leading to vortex clustering in two-band superconductors.
description: Minor corrections, published version
Excavations on a kiln site at Grimston, Pott Row, Norfolk
Creators: name: Clarke, Helen
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2020

description: Norfolk Archaeology, 35 (1), 79-95
description: TF 713217. The 1964 investigations did not produce evidence for preserved kiln structure, but the amount of ash burning, burnt and unburnt clay found in all the trial trenches suggests that kilns other than the one discovered by Nicholls in 1963 may lie in this or adjacent fields. The area to the south of the Grimston to Pott Row road, consisting of the field under investigation and a number of others, has produced a thick scatter of pottery including a fairly high proportion of wasters, and it appears that an area measuring at least 1 mile E-W and ½ mile southwards from the Grimston to Pott Row road was significant in the production of pottery in the Middle Ages. The list of pottery types (all Developed Thetford Ware of 12th century) included in this paper is a tentative classification of the material found in the 1964 excavations, and it is hoped that it will prove useful as a basis for future work on the early medieval pottery of W Norfolk. Au
Excavation on the town wall, Great Yarmouth, Norfolk, 1955
Creators: name: Green, Charles
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2020

description: Norfolk Archaeology, 35 (1), 109-117
description: TG 526085. In a three-day excavation carried out in Regent Road and Deneside in advance of building, a section of the town wall (built according to the historical evidence c 1284) was cut against one of the piers. Knowledge of previous marine transgressions and regressions had suggested that the wall was erected when the land still stood 12-13 ft higher than it does today, or did in Roman times, and this was proved by the fact that the layer of clay silt cut by the foundation trench of the wall contained water-worn Roman material. The excavation also proved that, contrary to previous opinion, there was a medieval moat, which must have been recut during the Civil War and subsequently refilled. Also obtained was information about the construction of the wall. The moat had been dug first, based with flagstones and revetted with flint, and the wall then built into the moat side. C M H
Driessen duikt in NPO
Creators: name: Driessen, Geert
Publisher: name: Didactief
Year: 2021
Subjects: NPO
COVID19
onderwijsachterstanden
evidence-based

description: Half mei verdiepte onderzoeker Geert Driessen zich al eens in de NPO-menukaart. Nu duikt hij nog wat dieper in de materie en neemt de bewijsvoering van de EEF-interventies onder de loep. Zijn conclusie is niet geruststellend.
Identification and characterization of a novel mammalian Mg2+ transporter with channel-like properties
Creators: name: Goytain, Angela
name: Quamme, Gary A
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2015

description: Background: Intracellular magnesium is abundant, highly regulated and plays an important role in biochemical functions. Despite the extensive evidence for unique mammalian Mg²⁺ transporters, few proteins have been biochemically identified to date that fulfill this role. We have shown that epithelial magnesium conservation is controlled, in part, by differential gene expression leading to regulation of Mg²⁺ transport. We used this knowledge to identify a novel gene that is regulated by magnesium. Results: Oligonucleotide microarray analysis was used to identify a novel human gene that encodes a protein involved with Mg²⁺-evoked transport. We have designated this magnesium transporter (MagT1) protein. MagT1 is a novel protein with no amino acid sequence identity to other known transporters. The corresponding cDNA comprises an open reading frame of 1005 base pairs encoding a protein of 335 amino acids. It possesses five putative transmembrane (TM) regions with a cleavage site, a N- glycosylation site, and a number of phosphorylation sites. Based on Northern analysis of mouse tissues, a 2.4 kilobase transcript is present in many tissues. When expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes, MagT1 mediates saturable Mg²⁺ uptake with a Michaelis constant of 0.23 mM. Transport of Mg²⁺ by MagT1 is rheogenic, voltage-dependent, does not display any time-dependent inactivation. Transport is very specific to Mg²⁺ as other divalent cations did not evoke currents. Large external concentrations of some cations inhibited Mg²⁺ transport (Ni²⁺, Zn²⁺, Mn²⁺) in MagT1-expressing oocytes. Ca²⁺and Fe²⁺ were without effect. Real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis using a specific antibody demonstrated that MagT1 mRNA and protein is increased by about 2.1-fold and 32%, respectively, in kidney epithelial cells cultured in low magnesium media relative to normal media and in kidney cortex of mice maintained on low magnesium diets compared to those animals consuming normal diets. Accordingly, it is apparent that an increase in mRNA levels is translated into higher protein expression. Conclusion: These studies suggest that MagT1 may provide a selective and regulated pathway for Mg²⁺ transport in epithelial cells.
Japanische Ordnungsprinzipien - einige Parallelen zwischen Schule und Unternehmen
Creators: name: Metzler, Manuel
Publisher: name: ASIEN: The German Journal on Contemporary Asia
Year: 2021

description: To Western observers, Japanese society often appears to be based on different social and psychological laws. This otherness tends to be explained by "cultural differences/peculiarities". However, the underlying concept of "culture" too often remains vague, and statements are overly generalized. From a sociological point of view, a direct transfer of supposed cultural patterns to individual behavior ignores the important part that institutions play in shaping social reality. This paper therefore attempts to compare the institutions of kindergarten, school, college and company according to those rules and norms that appear specifically Japanese [from a German perspective]. Such comparison yields hitherto unnoticed parallel features. These will be discussed as pointing towards four principles relevant to Japanese society at large: the ideology of educational meritocracy, a high regularity of life patterns, conflict avoidance as a major tool of conflict management and a widespread understanding of institutions as social communities.
description: ASIEN: The German Journal on Contemporary Asia, Nr. 71 (1999): ASIEN (April)
Green and Solid State Reduction of GO Monolayers Sandwiched between Arachidic Acid LB Layers
Creators: name: Botcha, V. Divakar
name: Narayanam, Pavan K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A novel, single step and environment friendly solid state approach for reduction of graphene oxide (GO) monolayers has been demonstrated, in which, arachidic acid-GO-arachidic acid (AA-GO-AA) sandwich structure obtained by Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) technique was heat treated at moderate temperatures to obtain RGO sheets. Heat treatment of AA-GO-AA sandwich structure at 200 C results in substantial reduction of GO, with concurrent removal of AA molecules. Such developed RGO sheets possess sp2-C content of 69%, O/C ratio of 0.17 and significantly reduced I(D) and I(G) ratio of ~1.1. Ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS) studies on RGO sheets evidenced significant increase in density of states in immediate vicinity of Fermi level and decrease in work function after reduction. Bottom gated field effect transistors fabricated with isolated RGO sheets displayed charge neutrality point at a positive gate voltage, indicating p-type nature, consistent with UPS and electrostatic force microscopy (EFM) measurement results.The RGO sheets obtained by heat treatment of AA-GO-AA sandwich structure exhibited conductivity in the range of 2-7Scm-1 and field effect mobility of 0.03-2cm2V-1s-1, which are consistent with values reported for RGO sheets obtained by various chemical or thermal reduction procedures.The extent of GO reduction is determined primarily by proximity of AA molecules and found to be unaltered with either escalation of heat treatment temperature or increase of AA content in sandwich structure. The single-step GO reduction approach demonstrated in this work is an effective way for development of RGO monolayers with high structural quality towards graphene-based electronic device applications.
description: 38 pages, 9 figures, 4 tables, Supplementary document
Detecting gravitational-wave bursts from black hole binaries in the Galactic Center with LISA
Creators: name: Knee, Alan M.
name: McIver, Jess
name: Naoz, Smadar
name: Romero-Shaw, Isobel M.
name: Hoang, Bao-Minh
name: Grishin, Evgeni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Stellar-mass black hole binaries (BHBs) in galactic nuclei are gravitationally perturbed by the central supermassive black hole (SMBH) of the host galaxy, potentially inducing strong eccentricity oscillations through the eccentric Kozai-Lidov (EKL) mechanism. These highly eccentric binaries emit a train of gravitational-wave (GW) bursts detectable by the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) -- a planned space-based GW detector -- with signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) up to ${\sim}100$ per burst. In this work, we study the GW signature of BHBs orbiting our galaxy's SMBH, Sgr A$^*$, which are consequently driven to very high eccentricities. We demonstrate that an unmodeled approach using a wavelet decomposition of the data effectively yields the time-frequency properties of each burst, provided that the GW frequency peaks between $10^{-3}\,\,\mathrm{Hz}$--$10^{-1}\,\,\mathrm{Hz}$. The wavelet parameters may be used to infer the eccentricity of the binary, measuring $\log_{10}(1-e)$ within an error of $20\%$. Our proposed search method can thus constrain the parameter space to be sampled by complementary Bayesian inference methods, which use waveform templates or orthogonal wavelets to reconstruct and subtract the signal from LISA data.
description: 11 pages, 5+1 figures. Accepted to ApJL
Andere erfassen - Gedanken zur vergleichenden Kulturforschung
Creators: name: Osiander, Anja
Publisher: name: ASIEN: The German Journal on Contemporary Asia
Year: 2021

description: In this paper, three main theoretical Issues in comparative cultural studies are being discussed: 1) How can we distinguish and define a certain "culture" geographically, socially, and historically without falling back upon essentialist conceptions? 2) How do cultural developments and developments of society in general influence each other? And 3) How can we deal with the scepticist argument that any analysis of culture is necessarily biased by the cultural background of the researchers? The empirical evidence in discussing these issues is drawn from the field of Japanese studies. In lieu of a conclusion, three programmatic remarks on the currently fashionable slogan of "intercultural dialogue" are presented.
description: ASIEN: The German Journal on Contemporary Asia, Nr. 71 (1999): ASIEN (April)
Investigation of M.B.E. Grown GaAs - Si Heterostructures for Optical Monolithic Integration.
Creators: name: Mehta, Mitul
Publisher: name: London South Bank University
Year: 1993

description: The field of monolithic optoelectronic structures has been critically reviewed resulting in the proposal for new structures based on a comprehensive study of GaAs/Si heterostructures. The underlying theory of electro-optic effects which these optical devices are based on has been discussed leading to proposals for various alternative configurations (co-planar, longitudinal and transverse) and investigations of their modulation and switching properties in relation to orientation, at a wavelength of 905nm. A detailed consideration of the epitaxial layer properties and related contact metallisation together with the required optical setup was necessary for these investigations. The MBE system and for contact metallisation the sputter deposition system have been utilised under specific experimental requirements. The results of the studies indicate that; 1) A two-step MBE growth procedure incorporating a strain layer under unique annealing conditions provide good GaAs layers on Silicon with very smooth texture and uniform layers. Electrical characterisation of the heterostructures with strain layer show better switching conditions and low interface state densities. 2) Molybdenum provides excellent contacts on both silicon and GaAs and can be utilised for monolithic devices. 3) Good modulation and switching is achieved with the electrode configuration playing a crucial role in the reduction of the applied electrical bias. (97% less). 4) Misoriented substrates, (2°,3°and 4°off (100)) do not significantly change the modulation results and hence can be utilised during layer fabrication to significantly reduce the interface defects and grow better GaAs/Si heterostructures.
Converting nonlocality into contextuality
Creators: name: Svozil, Karl
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Matrix pencils provide a robust method for finding simultaneous eigensystems of mutually commuting degenerate operators. In this paper, we utilize these techniques to investigate the quantum logical structures of the Peres-Mermin square and the Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger-Mermin configuration. Our analysis uncovers analogous complete contradictions between classical and quantum predictions in a four-dimensional system involving two spin-1/2 particles.
description: 6 pages, 1 figure, 2 tables, revised
Drawing the Line: Deep Segmentation for Extracting Art from Ancient Etruscan Mirrors
Creators: name: Sterzinger, Rafael
name: Brenner, Simon
name: Sablatnig, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Etruscan mirrors constitute a significant category within Etruscan art and, therefore, undergo systematic examinations to obtain insights into ancient times. A crucial aspect of their analysis involves the labor-intensive task of manually tracing engravings from the backside. Additionally, this task is inherently challenging due to the damage these mirrors have sustained, introducing subjectivity into the process. We address these challenges by automating the process through photometric-stereo scanning in conjunction with deep segmentation networks which, however, requires effective usage of the limited data at hand. We accomplish this by incorporating predictions on a per-patch level, and various data augmentations, as well as exploring self-supervised learning. Compared to our baseline, we improve predictive performance w.r.t. the pseudo-F-Measure by around 16%. When assessing performance on complete mirrors against a human baseline, our approach yields quantitative similar performance to a human annotator and significantly outperforms existing binarization methods. With our proposed methodology, we streamline the annotation process, enhance its objectivity, and reduce overall workload, offering a valuable contribution to the examination of these historical artifacts and other non-traditional documents.
description: 19 pages, accepted at ICDAR2024
Malignant deep sclerosing blue naevus presenting as a subcutaneous soft tissue mass
Creators: name: Diaz-Cano, Salvador J.
name: L Pozo-Garcia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2012
Subjects: Medicine
Cell Biology
Cancer

description: Malignancy criteria are well characterized for junctional melanocytic lesions, but not for primary dermal melanocytic lesions.1,2 Numerous histological variants have been des- cribed for these uncommon lesions,1–4 impeding a reprodu- cible diagnosis. We describe the first documented case of a deep sclerosing blue naevus (BN), initially presenting as a subcutaneous mass with histological criteria of malignant melanoma (MM). The diagnosis of subcutaneous MM requires the application of strict diagnostic criteria and investigation of the presence of coexistent lesions. Cytoarchitectural malignancy criteria include diffuse growth pattern, tumour necrosis, nuclear pleomorphism and hyperchromatism, prominent nucleoli and mitotic figures. Coexistent melanocytic lesions [congenital melanocytic naevus (MELN), BN, neurocristic hamartomas, dermal melanocytosis] and clear cell sarcomas are considered in Table 1.1–3,5,6 Owing to the previous surgery, sclerosing BN must be distinguished from postsurgical changes and persistent ⁄ recurrent BN.