cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Honeycomb-Structured Multi-Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells With 18.6% Efficiency Via Industrially Applicable Laser Process
Creators: name: Niinobe, D.
name: Nishimura, K.
name: Matsuno, S.
name: Fujioka, H.
name: Katsura, T.
name: Okamoto, T.
name: Ishihara, T.
name: Morikawa, H.
name: Arimoto, S.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Cells and Materials, Processing Technology of

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 1824-1828
description: In this paper, we present a novel process for fabricating a hemi-spherical shape for texture structure, namely known as honeycomb structure texture, for large area multi-crystalline silicon (mc-Si) solar cells. The method is composed of laser-patterning of mask film and wet chemical etching of wafer beneath the mask film through the pattern, substituting lithographic process usually used for fabricating such structure in small scale. After the texturization process, solar cells were made by utilizing conventional fabrication equipments, i.e. phosphorus diffusion in tube furnace, anti-reflection coating by chemical vapor deposition, front and rear electrodes
formation by screen printing, and contact formation by furnace. The well-controlled texture with an optimized massproduction process for fabricating high-efficiency cell contributed to improving the conversion efficiency. As the
result, 18.6% in conversion efficiency was achieved with mc-Si wafer in industrial size of 15 cm x 15 cm, independently confirmed by National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST). The main
fabrication processes of the development described for the cell was as follows; 1) novel texturization method by combination of laser-patterning and wet chemical etching, 2) optimization of screen printing, metallization process of firing profile condition, and emitter diffusion.
Strongly magnetized accretion discs require poloidal flux
Creators: name: Salvesen, Greg
name: Armitage, Philip J.
name: Simon, Jacob B.
name: Begelman, Mitchell C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by indirect observational evidence for strongly magnetized accretion discs around black holes, and the novel theoretical properties of such solutions, we investigate how a strong magnetization state can develop and persist. To this end, we perform local simulations of accretion discs with an initially purely toroidal magnetic field of equipartition strength. We demonstrate that discs with zero net vertical magnetic flux and realistic boundary conditions cannot sustain a strong toroidal field. However, a magnetic pressure-dominated disc can form from an initial configuration with a sufficient amount of net vertical flux and realistic boundary conditions. Our results suggest that poloidal flux is a necessary prerequisite for the sustainability of strongly magnetized accretion discs.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures, 1 table; Accepted to MNRAS
Supplementary document for On the Reliability of the Collective Coordinate Method to Simulate Metasurfaces with Correlated Disorder used for Light Management - 6077967.pdf
Creators: name: Dhawan, Prerak
name: Schulte, Linus
name: Piechulla, Peter
name: Augenstein, Yannick
name: Gaudig, Maria
name: Sprafke, Alexander
name: Wehrspohn, Ralf
name: Rockstuhl, Carsten
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supplemental Document
Collective modes of a one-dimensional trapped Bose gas in the presence of the anomalous density
Creators: name: Boudjemaa, Abdelaali
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the collective modes of a one-dimensional harmonically trapped Bose-Einstein condensate in the presence of the anomalous density using the time-dependent Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov theory. Within the hydrodynamic equations, we derive analytical expressions for the mode frequencies and the density fluctuations of the anomalous density which constitutes the minority component at very low temperature and feels an effective external potential exerted by the majority component, i.e., the condensate. On the other hand, we numerically examine the temperature dependence of the breathing mode oscillations of the condensate at finite temperature in the weak-coupling regime. At zero temperature, we compare our predictions with available experimental data, theoretical treatments, and Monte carlo simulations in all interaction regimes and the remaining hindrances are emphasized. We show that the anomalous correlations have a non-negligible role on the collective modes at both zero and finite temperatures.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
Top degree part in $b$-conjecture for unicellular bipartite maps
Creators: name: Dołęga, Maciej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 05C10, Secondary 05E05, 05C30

description: Goulden and Jackson (1996) introduced, using Jack symmetric functions, some multivariate generating series $ψ(x, y, z; 1, 1+β)$ with an additional parameter $β$ that may be interpreted as a continuous deformation of the rooted bipartite maps generating series. Indeed, it has the property that for $β\in \{0,1\}$, it specializes to the rooted, orientable (general, i.e. orientable or not, respectively) bipartite maps generating series. They made the following conjecture: coefficients of $ψ$ are polynomials in $β$ with positive integer coefficients that can be written as a multivariate generating series of rooted, general bipartite maps, where the exponent of $β$ is an integer-valued statistic that in some sense "measures the non-orientability" of the corresponding bipartite map. We show that except for two special values of $β= 0,1$ for which the combinatorial interpretation of the coefficients of $ψ$ is known, there exists a third special value $β= -1$ for which the coefficients of $ψ$ indexed by two partitions $μ,ν$, and one partition with only one part are given by rooted, orientable bipartite maps with arbitrary face degrees and black/white vertex degrees given by $μ$/$ν$, respectively. We show that this evaluation corresponds, up to a sign, to a top-degree part of the coefficients of $ψ$. As a consequence, we introduce a collection of integer-valued statistics of maps $(η)$ such that the top-degree of the multivariate generating series of rooted bipartite maps with only one face (called unicellular) with respect to $η$ gives the top-degree of the appropriate coefficients of $ψ$. Finally, we show that the $b$-conjecture holds true for all rooted, unicellular bipartite maps of genus at most $2$.
description: 34 pages, 9 figures, Section 5 rewritten
Specially Designed EVA and Polyolefin Films for PV Module Encapsulation
Creators: name: Kowsaka, K.
name: Kanao, M.
name: Kawashima, M.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
PV Modules

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 4047-4048
description: The Asahi Kasei Group positions the electrochemical related business (the electronic material business
for electronics application based on chemical technology such as semiconductor packaging materials, display
materials and battery materials) as one of the important growing fields of the group, and has started the business
intensively with a new business company, Asahi Kasei E-materials Corporation since April 1st, 2010.
Asahi Kasei E-materials focuses on the material business in the fields of packaging materials, clean energy materials
and display materials, provides environment-friendly and characteristic products, and is highly trusted by global
customers of the electronics business. We herein introduce our newly developed encapsulation films having high
moisture barrier properties and low outgassing properties
Hypercube Quantum Search: Exact Computation of the Probability of Success in Polynomial Time
Creators: name: Pillin, Hugo
name: Burel, Gilles
name: Baird, Paul
name: Baghious, El-Houssaïn
name: Gautier, Roland
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In the emerging domain of quantum algorithms, the Grover's quantum search is certainly one of the most significant. It is relatively simple, performs a useful task and more importantly, does it in an optimal way. However, due to the success of quantum walks in the field, it is logical to study quantum search variants over several kind of walks. In this paper, we propose an in-depth study of the quantum search over a hypercube layout. First, through the analysis of elementary walk operators restricted to suitable eigenspaces, we show that the acting component of the search algorithm takes place in a small subspace of the Hilbert workspace that grows linearly with the problem size. Subsequently, we exploit this property to predict the exact evolution of the probability of success of the quantum search in polynomial time.
description: 22 pages, 13 figures
Efficient cloning and dragging of microwave pulse into optical frequency pulse in a Doppler-broadened atomic medium
Creators: name: V., Rajitha K.
name: Dey, Tarak N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The propagation of a weak optical pulse through an atomic system in closed $Λ$ configuration is investigated in which the hyper fine levels are coupled by a microwave pulse. Under three photon resonance condition, it is observed that the probe pulse shape gets cloned by the shape of the microwave pulse along propagation through the medium. The temporal position of the probe pulse is dragged to that of the microwave pulse. A simple expression for the linear susceptibility of the medium for the corresponding transition is derived in the Fourier domain. From the numerical analysis of dynamics using this expression, it is concluded that the novel effect arises from the ground state coherence of the hyper fine transitions induced by the microwave pulse.
description: withdrawn by the author due to crucial error in interpretation of the numerical results and theoretical explanation.
Multi-Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells Laser Edge Isolation: A Comparison of Process Results Achieved With State-of-the-Art Tripled ND:YAG and Fiber Lasers
Creators: name: Acciarri, M.
name: Lusso, F.
name: Caldironi, M.
name: Pellegrino, S.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Cells and Materials, Processing Technology of

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 1837-1839
description: Laser Edge Isolation is the main laser application in photovoltaic applications. This laser process is necessary to remove parasitic emitter diffusion wrapping around the wafer edge, in order to avoid very low fill factors. We have investigated in detail, and compared the results thus obtained, the cell surface scribing realized with State of the Art Pulsed Fiber Laser (emitting at about 1070 nm) and tripled ND:YAG (emitting at 355 nm). Using the LBIC technique, outstanding isolation efficiency was detected in case of Fiber Laser scribing. Measured LBIC signal ratio > 97% on wide parameters range, and >99% in best cases, are the fingerprint of nearly ideal isolation process. Extremely high isolation efficiency was as well detected in case of UV Laser process; LBIC signal ratio > 92% was routinely obtained on wide parameters range, and >98% in best cases.
Modelling and New Identification Procedures to Evaluate Concentrating Photovoltaic Multi-Junction Module Equivalent Parameters and Multijunction Cells Temperature in Operating Outdoor Conditions
Creators: name: Timò, G.
name: Minuto, A.
name: Groppelli, P.
name: Oliverio, L.
name: Malvisi, E.
name: Sturm, M.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics: New Concepts and Ultra-high Efficiency
Terrestrial Concentrator Systems

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 137-142
description: A new theoretical approach is presented to:
- Model the electrical behaviour of a Concentrating Photovoltaic (CPV) multi-junction (MJ) module, consisting of N- seriesconnected
receivers, each one with M-parallel-connected III-V multi-junction solar cells,
- Identify the CPV multi-junction module equivalent parameters,
- Evaluate the cells junction temperature of the CPV module in operating outdoor conditions.
Mirror Based Spectral Splitting CPV System
Creators: name: Antonini, A.
name: Butturi, M.A.
name: Di Benedetto, P.
name: Milan, E.
name: Uderzo, D.
name: Zurru, P.
name: Sartore, D.
name: Parretta, A.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics: New Concepts and Ultra-high Efficiency
Terrestrial Concentrator Systems

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 172-175
description: CPower Srl has been designing and developing different Mirror Based Spectrum Splitting Systems
(MBS3), partially supported in the framework of European APOLLON Project, mainly to minimize the
cost/performance ratio.
The concentrators employ dichroic dielectric filters working for light interference, that is an alternative respect to
other spectral splitting concepts based on the refraction of the light, to spatially spread the wavelength of the
spectrum. The dichroic mirrors are introduced in an intermediate plane between primary optics and the receivers.
This design permits two different levels of geometrical concentration (40x and 600x), suiting well with the
requirements of Si cells (primary receiver) and III-V cells, in term of economics and electrical performances.
The optimization of CPower spectrum splitting systems goes through the optimization of optics components, the
complete automation of receivers assembly and the designing of a dedicated tracking system. The new module design
also allows a better thermal management without shadowing due to heat dissipation elements.
INOS Project Vision and Policy Recommendations
Creators: name: Allison, Rosie
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: open science
citizen science
policy recommendations
higher education

description: This Vision & Policy document builds on past results by distilling previous interactions with engaged stakeholders (O6A1 and O6A3). The document will be openly available and widely disseminated and aims to be used as an important resource to trigger further activities and the fruitful integration of OS (and CS) into active learning approaches in HEIs.
High Efficiency on Inversed Emitter n-Type Silicon Solar Cell Adapted to a Wide Range of Resistivity
Creators: name: Schutz-Kuchly, T.
name: Veschetti, Y.
name: Cabal, R.
name: Sanzone, V.
name: Heslinga, D.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Materials and Cells

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 955-958
description: The purpose of this work is to develop a fabrication process on n-type silicon solar cells based on the
use of screen-printed aluminium for the junction formation on the rear side. Solar cells made with the standard
industrial process showed relatively low efficiency (16.3%), despite the excellent carrier lifetime of the n-type silicon
substrates. A way of improving the efficiency was to modify the front surface profile in order to allow better front
passivation. An adapted process based on the selective front surface field concept was applied to single- and multicrystalline
silicon. An independently certified efficiency of 17.3% on 148cm² area was obtained on a relatively low
resistivity substrate (5E.cm). In agreement with a simulation study, a better selection of the substrate’s resistivity and
further improvements in front surface passivation and shadowing reduction should lead to efficiency of 18.5% on a
large fraction of an ingot. This concept was also applied to wafers selected at different positions of an n-type
multicrystalline ingot. A maximum efficiency of 14.6% was reached on 148cm², which results in an efficiency
improvement between 1.2% and 1.8% absolute compared to the standard process. Despite the high initial carrier
lifetime reported and the potential improvements, this material is not likely to be suitable for this cell architecture.
Fast Computation of the Nth Term of an Algebraic Series over a Finite Prime Field
Creators: name: Bostan, Alin
name: Christol, Gilles
name: Dumas, Philippe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Symbolic Computation (cs.SC)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: I.1.2
subject: 11Y16, 68W30, 13F25, 11B85

description: We address the question of computing one selected term of an algebraic power series. In characteristic zero, the best algorithm currently known for computing the $N$th coefficient of an algebraic series uses differential equations and has arithmetic complexity quasi-linear in $\sqrt{N}$. We show that over a prime field of positive characteristic $p$, the complexity can be lowered to $O(\log N)$. The mathematical basis for this dramatic improvement is a classical theorem stating that a formal power series with coefficients in a finite field is algebraic if and only if the sequence of its coefficients can be generated by an automaton. We revisit and enhance two constructive proofs of this result for finite prime fields. The first proof uses Mahler equations, whose sizes appear to be prohibitively large. The second proof relies on diagonals of rational functions; we turn it into an efficient algorithm, of complexity linear in $\log N$ and quasi-linear in $p$.
description: Proceedings of ISSAC 2016, to appear
Altmeyer, Stefan; Boschki, Reinhold; Theis, Joachim; Woppowa, Jan (Eds.): Christliche Spiritualität lehren, lernen und leben
Creators: name: Zimmerling, Peter
Publisher: name: European journal of theology
Year: 2024

description: European journal of theology, V. 17 N. 2 (2008): European Journal of Theology, Band 17, Heft 2
Towards In-line Determination of EVA Gel Content during PV Modules Lamination Processes
Creators: name: Li, H.-Y.
name: Perret-Aebi, L.-E.
name: Théron, R.
name: Ballif, C.
name: Luo-Hoffmann, Y.
name: Lange, R.F.M.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
PV Modules

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 4044-4046
description: Poly (ethylene-co-vinyl acetate) (EVA) is the major polymer used for photovoltaic (PV) modules
encapsulation. Its degree of cross-linking (related to its gel content) is taken as a major quality reference. Differential
Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) has been proven to be fast and effective but is to determine the gel content, however,
destructive for the PV module. With the aim to develop a non-destructive quality assessment tool, a detailed
discussion on the DSC thermogram of EVA PV encapsulant is presented here. A possible path towards a fast and
non-destructive method for determing EVA gel content is proposed based on the DSC analysis.
Chebyshev-polynomial expansion of the localization length of Hermitian and non-Hermitian random chains
Creators: name: Hatano, Naomichi
name: Feinberg, Joshua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We carry Chebyshev-polynomial expansion of the inverse localization length of Hermitian and non-Hermitian random chains as function of energy. For Hermitian models, the expansion produces numerically this energy-dependent function in one run of the algorithm. This is in strong contrast to the standard transfer-matrix method, which produces the inverse localization length for a fixed energy in each run. For non-Hermitian models, as in the transfer-matrix method, our algorithm computes the inverse localization length for a fixed (complex) energy. We also find a formula of the Chebyshev-polynomial expansion of the density of states of non-Hermitian models. As explained in more detail in the Introduction, our algorithm for non-Hermitian models may be the only available efficient algorithm for finding the density of states of models with interactions.
description: 19 pages, 9 figures, to appear in Phys. Rev. E
Zugang zu Information
Creators: name: Storm, Anja
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Website
subject: Mehrsprachigkeit
subject: Usability
subject: Bibliotheken
subject: Übersetzung
subject: Barrierefreiheit
subject: Accessibility
subject: 020 Bibliotheks- und Informationswissenschaften

description: Beim Zugang zur Information, die sich hinter den physischen wie virtuellen Türen einer Bibliothek verbirgt, ist die Website der Einrichtung eine wichtige Anlaufstelle - dieser Zugang ist jedoch stark durch die Sprache beeinflusst. In dieser Arbeit wird am Beispiel der Websites von 26 europäischen Bibliotheken untersucht, ob und wie der Zugang zu Information durch Sprache auf Websites wissenschaftlicher (Spezial-)Bibliotheken umgesetzt wird. Sprache ist dabei bewusst weit gedacht und umfasst auch Leichte Sprache, Gebärdensprache sowie hörbar gemachte geschriebene Sprache (Text-to-Speech-Systeme). Diese Arbeit richtet sich an interessierte Mitarbeitende der Benutzung und Öffentlichkeitsarbeit, Webdesigner:innen sowie Diversitätsbeauftragte.
Gliciphila melanops subsp. braba Mathews
Creators: name: , Mary
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Passeriformes
Meliphagidae
Gliciphila

description: Gliciphila melanops braba Mathews Gliciphila melanops braba Mathews, 1912b: 49 (Kangaroo Island, South Australia). Now Gliciphila melanops melanops (Latham, 1801). See Salomonsen, 1967: 430, Schodde and Mason, 1999: 316–317, Christidis and Boles, 2008: 185–191, and Higgins et al., 2008: 659. HOLOTYPE: AMNH 691882, adult male, collected at Middle River, 35.41S, 137.03E (USBGN, 1957), Kangaroo Island, South Australia, Australia, on 8 December 1911, by S.A. White (no. 396). From the Mathews Collection (no. 10204) via the Rothschild Collection. COMMENTS: Mathews cited his catalog number of the holotype in the original description, giving the range as ‘‘ Kangaroo Island.’’ Paratypes are: Tin Hut, central island, 12 April 1912, AMNH 691878 (Mathews no. 12322), AMNH 691879 (12323), males, AMNH 691880 (12321), AMNH 691881 (13093), females; Waterfall Creek, 1911, AMNH 691883 (10365), 4 December, male, AMNH 691884 (10203), 8 December, male juvenile, AMNH 691885 (10205), 4 December, female. An additional paratype is in SAMA (B. Blaylock, personal commun.).
description: Published as part of Mary, 2011, Type Specimens Of Birds In The American Museum Of Natural History Part 9. Passeriformes: Zosteropidae And Meliphagidae, pp. 1-193 in Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2011 (348) on page 147
description: {"references": ["Mathews, G. M. 1912 b. Additions and corrections to my reference list to the birds of Australia. Austral Avian Record 1: 25 - 52.", "Salomonsen, F. 1967. Family Meliphagidae. In R. A. Paynter, Jr (editor), Check-list of birds of the world, vol. 12: 338 - 450. Cambridge, MA: Museum of Comparative Zoology, ix + 495 pp.", "Schodde, R., and I. J. Mason. 1999. The directory of Australian birds. Passerines. Collingwood, Victoria: CSIRO Publishing, 851 pp.", "Christidis, L., and W. E. Boles. 2008. Systematics and taxonomy of Australian birds. Collingwood, Victoria: CSIRO Publishing, viii + 277 pp.", "Higgins, P. J., L. Christidis, and H. A. Ford. 2008. Meliphagidae (honeyeaters). In J. del Hoyo, A. Elliott, and D. Christie (editors), Handbook of birds of the world, vol. 13, Penduline-tits to shrikes: 498 - 691. Barcelona: Lynx Edicions, 879 pp., 60 pls., 536 photographs."]}
TransCAM: Transformer Attention-based CAM Refinement for Weakly Supervised Semantic Segmentation
Creators: name: Li, Ruiwen
name: Mai, Zheda
name: Trabelsi, Chiheb
name: Zhang, Zhibo
name: Jang, Jongseong
name: Sanner, Scott
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Weakly supervised semantic segmentation (WSSS) with only image-level supervision is a challenging task. Most existing methods exploit Class Activation Maps (CAM) to generate pixel-level pseudo labels for supervised training. However, due to the local receptive field of Convolution Neural Networks (CNN), CAM applied to CNNs often suffers from partial activation -- highlighting the most discriminative part instead of the entire object area. In order to capture both local features and global representations, the Conformer has been proposed to combine a visual transformer branch with a CNN branch. In this paper, we propose TransCAM, a Conformer-based solution to WSSS that explicitly leverages the attention weights from the transformer branch of the Conformer to refine the CAM generated from the CNN branch. TransCAM is motivated by our observation that attention weights from shallow transformer blocks are able to capture low-level spatial feature similarities while attention weights from deep transformer blocks capture high-level semantic context. Despite its simplicity, TransCAM achieves a new state-of-the-art performance of 69.3% and 69.6% on the respective PASCAL VOC 2012 validation and test sets, showing the effectiveness of transformer attention-based refinement of CAM for WSSS.
Initial Degradation of Industrial Silicon Solar Cells in Solar Panels
Creators: name: Pingel, S.
name: Koshnicharov, D.
name: Frank, O.
name: Geipel, T.
name: Zemen, Y.
name: Striner, B.
name: Berghold, J.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
PV Modules

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 4027-4032
description: In the lifetime of a solar panel, efficiency is degrading continually because panel components are ageing
during outdoor exposure (OE). This degradation is mainly due to humidity, temperature, system bias effects and solar
irradiation. The solar cell itself may be suffering different degradation mechanisms like light, temperature and potential
induced degradation (LID, TID and PID [1]). The focus of this paper is the initial degradation of solar cells within the
first hours of operation, which is generally associated with LID. In this work, differences in degradation mechanism for
multi and mono cells are investigated for cells and panels based on p-type crystalline silicon. The quality of silicon
material is essential as shown in a material comparison. Low and high base resistivities are investigated and different
silicon purities ranging from standard feedstock material of different qualities to material based on upgraded
metallurgical (UMG) silicon are compared. Interestingly no clear difference between the LID of industrial multi- and
mono-crystalline cells was found. However, UMG cells show a higher degradation rate partly due to a mechanism
identified as temperature induced degradation (TID) that occurs in parallel to LID.
Comparison estimates for linear forms in additive number theory
Creators: name: Nathanson, Melvyn B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05A17, 11B13, 11B30, 11B75, 11P99

description: Let $R$ be a commutative ring $R$ with $1_R$ and with group of units $R^{\times}$. Let $Φ= Φ(t_1,\ldots, t_h) = \sum_{i=1}^h φ_it_i$ be an $h$-ary linear form with nonzero coefficients $φ_1,\ldots, φ_h \in R$. Let $M$ be an $R$-module. For every subset $A$ of $M$, the image of $A$ under $Φ$ is \[ Φ(A) = \{ Φ(a_1,\ldots, a_h) : (a_1,\ldots, a_h) \in A^h \}. \] For every subset $I$ of $\{1,2,\ldots, h\}$, there is the subset sum $ s_I = \sum_{i\in I} φ_i. $ Let $ \mathcal{S} (Φ) = \{s_I: \emptyset \neq I \subseteq \{1,2,\ldots, h\} \}. $ Theorem. Let $Υ(t_1,\ldots, t_g) = \sum_{i=1}^g \upsilon_it_i$ and $Φ(t_1,\ldots, t_h) = \sum_{i=1}^h φ_it_i$ be linear forms with nonzero coefficients in the ring $R$. If $\{0, 1\} \subseteq \mathcal{S} (Υ)$ and $\mathcal{S} (Φ) \subseteq R^{\times}$, then for every $\varepsilon > 0$ and $c > 1$ there exist a finite $R$-module $M$ with $|M| > c$ and a subset $A$ of $M$ such that $Υ(A \cup \{0\}) = M$ and $|Φ(A)| < \varepsilon |M|$.
description: 20 pages. Minor revisions
Modelling the Curing Dynamics of Ethylene-Vinyl Acetate
Creators: name: Kajari-Schröder, S.
name: Eitner, U.
name: Oprisoni, C.
name: Alshuth, T.
name: Köntges, M.
name: Brendel, R.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
PV Modules

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 4039-4043
description: The encapsulation of solar cells in polymeric sheets such as ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) is one crucial
step in the fabrication of photovoltaic modules, as it commonly takes several minutes in a heated vacuum chamber. It
is therefore a shared goal of PV module manufacturers to reduce the time needed to cure the encapsulant. However,
such increased processing speed may result in poor EVA properties, such as a high content of residual aggressive
reaction starters. As a consequence the module is highly prone to ageing, in particular delamination, yellowing and
corrosion. We present a phenomenological mathematical description of the curing dynamics of a commercially
available EVA sheet, which lays the foundation for a systematic search for optimized curing processes. This model is
developed from isothermal rheometric measurements of the cure. We find that a model consisting of an initial
incubation time followed by two competing reaction paths shows good agreement with the data. A validation is
performed by extending the model to non-isothermal conditions and comparing it with experiments.
Fast suppression of superconductivity with Fe site Ni substitution in Fe1-xNixSe0.5Te0.5 (x=0.0, 0.01, 0.03, 0.05, 0.07, 0.10 and 0.20) single crystals
Creators: name: Maheshwari, P. K.
name: Gahtori, Bhasker
name: Awana, V. P. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the effect of Ni doping on superconductivity of FeSe0.5Te0.5. The single crystal samples of series Fe1-xNixSe0.5Te0.5 (x=0.0, 0.01, 0.03, 0.05, 0.07, 0.10 and 0.20) are synthesized via vacuum shield solid state reaction route and high temperature heating followed by slow cooling. All the crystals of Fe1-xNixSe0.5Te0.5 series with x up to 0.20, i.e., 20% substitution of Ni at Fe site are crystallized in single phase tetragonal structure with space group P4/nmm. The electrical resistivity measurements revealed that Tc decreases fast with increase of Ni concentration in Fe1-xNixSe0.5Te0.5. Namely the superconducting transition temperature (Tc) being defined as resistivity =0 decrease from 12K to around 4K and 2K for x=0.01 and 0.03 samples respectively. For x=0.05 (5at% Ni at Fe site) though Tconset is observed in resistivity measurements but \r{ho}=0 is not seen down to 2K. For x more than 0.07, neither the Tconset nor Tc\r{ho}=0 is seen down 2K in R-T measurements. It is demonstrated that Ni doping at Fe site in FeSe0.5Te0.5 superconductor suppresses superconductivity fast. The rate of Tc depression is albeit non monotonic. Summarily, a systematic study on suppression of superconductivity with Fe site Ni doping in flux free gown FeSe0.5Te0.5 single crystals is presented in the current communication.
description: 14 Pages text + Figs: Short communication-Flux free single crystals of Fe1-xNixSe1/2Te1/2 superconductor
Vire-Effect: Via-Resistance Induced Recombination Enhancement-The Origin of Reduced Fill Factors of Emitter Wrap Through Solar Cells
Creators: name: Ulzhöfer, C.
name: Hermann, S.
name: Harder, N.-P.
name: Altermatt, P.P.
name: Brendel, R.
name: Wade, R.
name: Engelhart, P.
name: Hlusiak, M.
name: Peters, C.
name: Rychtarik, D.
name: Müller, J.W.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Materials and Cells

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 937-941
description: Emitter wrap through solar cells (EWT) are known for exhibiting low fill factors (FF). In this
contribution we explain the FF losses by a three-dimensional EWT simulation model. The origin of reduced FF of
EWT solar cells can be explained by Via-resistance Induced Recombination Enhancement (VIRE-effect). A voltage
drop along the EWT-via emitter enhances the injection of minority carriers at the front pn-junction which causes
higher recombination currents compared to those at the rear pn-junction. We explain the principle how the VIREeffect
leads to a deformation of the I-V characteristics and discuss its influence by showing 3d-simulation regimes.
Temperature profile of the Thomson-effect-induced heat release/absorption in junctionless single conductors
Creators: name: Chiba, Takahiro
name: Iguchi, Ryo
name: Komine, Takashi
name: Hasegawa, Yasuhiro
name: Uchida, Ken-ichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Thomson effect induces heat release or absorption under the simultaneous application of a charge current and a temperature gradient to conductors. Here, we theoretically investigate the temperature profile due to the Thomson-effect-induced heat release/absorption in junctionless single conductors which can be a simple temperature modulator. We also perform analysis of the temperature profile for realistic conductors. As a result, we find that, for a conductor with a large Thomson coefficient, the temperature derivative of the Seebeck coefficient, the Thomson-effect-induced heat absorption overcomes the Joule heating, resulting in current-induced cooling in the bulk region. We also elucidate that a feedback effect of the Thomson effect stabilizes the system temperature to one-side of the heat bath, which reflects the fact that the Thomson effect is dependent on the position and proportional to the local temperature gradient. This work will be the basis for thermal management utilizing the Thomson effect.
description: 15 pages, 7 figures, 2 tables
Reaching 16.4% Module Efficiency with Back-Contacted mc-Si Solar Cells
Creators: name: Mewe, A.A.
name: Lamers, M.W.P.E.
name: Bennett, I.J.
name: Koppes, M.
name: Romijn, I.G.
name: Weeber, A.W.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Materials and Cells

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 946-949
description: We obtained 17.6% cell efficiency on 160 μm and 17.1% on 120 μm thin multicrystalline silicon
screen printed cells of 156 x 156 mm2. These cells are the best from two batches of cells that have been produced
using improved processing on ECN’s industrial metal-wrap-through (MWT) cell concept. With these batches of cells,
four 36-cells modules were made: two modules with 160 μm thin cells and two modules with 120 μm thin cells. The
module manufacturing, which is based on a conducting substrate foil, succeeded with 100% yield in our module pilot
line. The modules were independently measured by TÜV Rheinland and JRC-ESTI, and resulted in a new certified
world record module efficiency of 16.4% on an aperture area of 8904 cm2.
BPS Boojums in N=2 supersymmetric gauge theories I
Creators: name: Arai, Masato
name: Blaschke, Filip
name: Eto, Minoru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study 1/4 Bogomol'nyi-Prasad-Sommerfield (BPS) composite solitons of vortex strings, domain walls and boojums in ${\cal N}=2$ supersymmetric Abelian gauge theories in four dimensions. We obtain solutions to the 1/4 BPS equations with the finite gauge coupling constant. To obtain numerical solutions for generic coupling constants, we construct globally correct approximate functions which allow us to easily find fixed points of gradient flow equations. We analytically/numerically confirm that the negative mass of a single boojum appearingat the endpoint of the vortex string on the logarithmically bent domain wall is equal to the half-mass of the 't Hooft-Polyakov monopole. We examine various configurations and clarify how the shape of the boojum depends on the coupling constants and moduli parameters. We also find analytic solutions to the 1/4 BPS equations for specific values of the coupling constants.
description: 69 pages, 27 figures. Ver. 1 has been divided into two papers and this paper is the first part of the division. The second part will soon appear with the title "BPS Boojums in N=2 supersymmetric gauge theories II"
Multi-featured collective perception with Evidence Theory : tackling spatial correlations
Creators: name: Bartashevich, Palina
name: Mostaghim, Sanaz
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Collective decision-making
subject: Collective perception
subject: Spatial correlations
subject: Dempster–Shafer theory
subject: Fusion operators
subject: Multi-agent systems
subject: 000

description: Collective perception allows sparsely distributed agents to form a global view on a common spatially distributed problem without any direct access to global knowledge and only based on a combination of locally perceived information. However, the evidence gathered from the environment is often subject to spatial correlations and depends on the movements of the agents. The latter is not always easy to control and the main question is how to share and to combine the estimated information to achieve the most precise global estimate in the least possible time. The current article aims at answering this question with the help of evidence theory, also known as Dempster–Shafer theory, applied to the collective perception scenario as a collective decision-making problem. We study eight most common belief combination operators to address the arising conflict between different sources of evidence in a highly dynamic multi-agent setting, driven by modulation of positive feedback. In comparison with existing approaches, such as voter models, the presented framework operates on quantitative belief assignments of the agents based on the observation time of the options according to the agents’ opinions. The evaluated results on an extended benchmark set for multiple options ( n > 2 ) indicate that the proportional conflict redistribution (PCR) principle allows a collective of small size ( N = 20 ), occupying 3.5% of the surface, to successfully resolve the conflict between clustered areas of features and reach a consensus with almost 100% certainty up to n = 5.
Measuring c-quark polarization in W+c samples at ATLAS and CMS
Creators: name: Kats, Yevgeny
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The process $pp \to W^-c$ produces polarized charm quarks. The polarization is expected to be partly retained in $Λ_c$ baryons when those form in the $c$-quark hadronization. We argue that it will likely be possible for ATLAS and CMS to measure the $Λ_c$ polarization in the $W$+$c$ samples in Run 2 of the LHC. This can become the first measurement ever of a longitudinal polarization of charm quarks. Its results will provide a unique input to the understanding of polarization transfer in fragmentation. They will also allow applying the same measurement technique to other (e.g., new physics) samples of charm quarks in which the polarization is a priori unknown. The proposed analysis is similar to the ATLAS and CMS measurements of the $W$+$c$ cross section in the 7 TeV run that used reconstructed $D$-meson decays for charm tagging.
description: 18 pages, 3 figures; v2: minor improvements; published version
Interpretable Machine Learning Models for Modal Split Prediction in Transportation Systems
Creators: name: Brenner, Aron
name: Wu, Manxi
name: Amin, Saurabh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Modal split prediction in transportation networks has the potential to support network operators in managing traffic congestion and improving transit service reliability. We focus on the problem of hourly prediction of the fraction of travelers choosing one mode of transportation over another using high-dimensional travel time data. We use logistic regression as base model and employ various regularization techniques for variable selection to prevent overfitting and resolve multicollinearity issues. Importantly, we interpret the prediction accuracy results with respect to the inherent variability of modal splits and travelers' aggregate responsiveness to changes in travel time. By visualizing model parameters, we conclude that the subset of segments found important for predictive accuracy changes from hour-to-hour and include segments that are topologically central and/or highly congested. We apply our approach to the San Francisco Bay Area freeway and rapid transit network and demonstrate superior prediction accuracy and interpretability of our method compared to pre-specified variable selection methods.
Towards Higher Efficiencies for Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells Using SiC Layers
Creators: name: Riegel, S.
name: Raabe, B.
name: Petres, R.
name: Dixit, S.
name: Zhou, L.
name: Hahn, G.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Cells and Materials, Processing Technology of

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 1604-1607
description: We investigate the surface passivation potential of SiC on symmetrical lifetime samples and on cell level. To investigate the influence of the deposition conditions on the passivation quality, lifetime measurements on symmetrical samples using the QSSPC technique were performed. The symmetrical lifetime samples were fired to simulate the ‘fire through’ process used in a standard screen printed solar cell process. Maximum effective lifetime measured on n-type substrate was 3.7 ms at CH4/SiH4=1. Firing of the samples led to a drop in effective lifetimes of about one decade. Maximum effective lifetime after firing was 148 μs at CH4/SiH4=6. To avoid losses in passivation quality caused by the firing step, a buried contact solar cell process was chosen. As cell metallization is done via electroless plating in this process, no firing step is necessary. Rear contacts were realized by laser fired contacts. Reference cells were processed with full area Al-BSF. Fillfactors were reduced because of front side metallization problems. IQE in the long wavelength regime is significantly higher for the SiC passivated cell than for the cell with Al-BSF. Fitting of the IQE data gave rear a SRV of 520-600 cm/s for the cell with SiC passivation and 750-900 cm/s for the cell with Al-BSF.
Ehrhart series of fractional stable set polytopes of finite graphs
Creators: name: Hamano, Ginji
name: Hibi, Takayuki
name: Ohsugi, Hidefumi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 52B05 (Primary), 52B20 (Secondary)

description: The fractional stable set polytope ${\rm FRAC}(G)$ of a simple graph $G$ with $d$ vertices is a rational polytope that is the set of nonnegative vectors $(x_1,\ldots,x_d)$ satisfying $x_i+x_j\le 1$ for every edge $(i,j)$ of $G$. In this paper we show that (i) The $δ$-vector of a lattice polytope $2 {\rm FRAC}(G)$ is alternatingly increasing; (ii) The Ehrhart ring of ${\rm FRAC}(G)$ is Gorenstein; (iii) The coefficients of the numerator of the Ehrhart series of ${\rm FRAC}(G)$ are symmetric, unimodal and computed by the $δ$-vector of $2 {\rm FRAC}(G)$.
description: 12 pages, V2: some minor revisions, references added
Boron-Oxygen Related Defects in Cz-Silicon Solar Cells Degradation, Regeneration and Beyond
Creators: name: Herguth, A.
name: Hahn, G.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Materials and Cells

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 974-976
description: This contribution addresses the stability of Cz-Si solar cells subsequent to the so called Regeneration
process which virtually eliminates the losses due to the well known boron-oxygen related defect. The stability of the
regenerated state is vital for the industrial application of the Regeneration process. As recent experiments have
shown, at least one sample was instable after the completed Degradation-Regeneration cycle at elevated
temperatures. However, this instability was not found for other samples investigated. Furthermore, different possible
interpretations of this instability are discussed.
Evaluating Connection Resilience for Self-Organized Distributed Cyber-Physical Systems
Creators: name: Heck, Henner
name: Kieselmann, Olga
name: Wacker, Arno
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Self-organizing cyber-physical systems are expected to become increasingly important in the context of Industry 4.0 automation as well as in everyday scenarios. Resilient communication is crucial for such systems. In general, this can be achieved with redundant communication paths. Mathematically, the amount of redundant paths is expressed with the network connectivity. A high network connectivity is required for collaboration and system-wide self-adaptation even when nodes fail or get compromised by an attacker. In this paper, we analyze the network connectivity of a communication network for large distributed cyber-physical systems. For this, we simulate the communication structure of a CPS with different network parameters to determine its resilience. With our results, we also deduce the required network connectivity for a given number of failing or compromised nodes.
description: 11 Pages, contains 12 Figures. Published (short paper) at SASO 2016, 10th IEEE International Conference on Self-Adaptive and Self-Organizing Systems: http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/7774395/