cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Model structures and structural identifiability: What? Why? How?
Creators: name: Whyte, Jason M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: (2020): 93-10 (Primary), 68W30, 92C45, 93B99 (Secondary)

description: We may attempt to encapsulate what we know about a physical system by a model structure, $S$. This collection of related models is defined by parametric relationships between system features; say observables (outputs), unobservable variables (states), and applied inputs. Each parameter vector in some parameter space is associated with a completely specified model in $S$. Before choosing a model in $S$ to predict system behaviour, we must estimate its parameters from system observations. Inconveniently, multiple models (associated with distinct parameter estimates) may approximate data equally well. Yet, if these equally valid alternatives produce dissimilar predictions of unobserved quantities, then we cannot confidently make predictions. Thus, our study may not yield any useful result. We may anticipate the non-uniqueness of parameter estimates ahead of data collection by testing $S$ for structural global identifiability (SGI). Here we will provide an overview of the importance of SGI, some essential theory and distinctions, and demonstrate these in testing some examples.
description: 18 pages, 1 figure
title: Parallel selective pressures drive convergent phenotypic diversification in the morphologically and ecologically diverse Pythons and Boas
title: Convergent diversification in Pythons and Boas.
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Esquerre Gheur, Damien Nicolas
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2015

description: Convergent evolution, or the multiple independent origin of a biological trait, can be expressed at many levels, from populations to adaptive radiations. Pythons and boas are globally distributed and are famous for their remarkable phenotypic and ecological diversity, spanning dwarfs to giants, and burrowers to tree-climbers. Each of the pythons and boas clades are species-rich adaptive radiations and provide a novel system to explore convergent evolution and macroevolutionary patterns at an intercontinental scale and between distantly related clades. Our main hypothesis is that strong and widespread convergent evolution in head shape is driven by parallel adaptation to similar ecological niches between pythons, boas and their close relatives. We classified each species into one of six ecotype categories based on their habitat use. With a recently published phylogeny for the group and using two-dimensional geometric morphometrics, we applied an explicitly phylogenetic framework to our analyses, and used three main approaches. First, we reconstructed phylomorphospace for the geometric morphometric data, then we used a new method called SURFACE to identify convergent phenotypic regimes, and then we tested the strength of convergence for all alternative ecomorph groupings using the Wheatsheaf index. We found that pythons and boas group according to their ecotype in phylomorphospace, overriding phylogenetic effects. Moreover, we found five convergent phenotypic regimes, each of which has a different predominant ecotype, suggesting that the evolution of head shape in these species has a strong adaptive component related to habitat use. Because replicated adaptive radiations at an intercontinental level and between distantly related taxa are rarely demonstrated, pythons and boas provide and excellent new model for the study of ecological and phenotypic convergence at deep macroevolutionary levels.
title: Report on the Correction of Erroneous Geometry Data in Land Reuse Projects
Creators: name: Annanias, Yves
name: Wahsner, Marc
name: Scheuermann, Gerik
name: Wiegreffe, Daniel
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik, Bonn
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: GIS
subject: Data Preparation
subject: Automatic Error Correction

description: Land Reuse processes are large planning and decision-making processes based on a large amount of geographic data. Therefore, it is essential that this data is as accurate as possible. However, errors can occur during the creation of the data and not all of them are directly noticeable. We report here what errors we have encountered while working with this geographic data, what problems they can cause, and how we have fixed them. Since the correction can be very time-consuming with the enormous amount of data, we have focused on an automatic correction. Not all of this data can be corrected this way, for the rest, we briefly indicate a procedure to support and simplify the manual correction.
Coherent states of non-Hermitian quantum systems
Creators: name: Roy, B.
name: Roy, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the Gazeau-Klauder formalism to construct coherent states of non-Hermitian quantum systems. In particular we use this formalism to construct coherent state of a PT symmetric system. We also discuss construction of coherent states following Klauder's minimal prescription.
description: to appear in Phys.Lett A
Change and continuity on the margins : livelihood transformation in Routa Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia
Creators: name: Taufik, Yani
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2018

description: My thesis studies the formation and transformation of livelihoods in the remote Routa sub-district. The findings arise from my experience living with people and engaging in their everyday lives. Through the perspective of households, I show how people diversify their livelihoods, to include forest gathering, swidden farming, staple food cultivation (particularly rice) and cultivating commercial food crops. I discuss the pathways of informal decisions that households use to negotiate inevitable change. The abundance of forest products attracts people from surrounding areas to migrate into Routa. The migrants, traders and local people all have their roles to play as agents of change on the frontier. Environmental change indicated by the dwindling availability of forest products, and the inevitable fluctuation of commodity market have driven the transformation of livelihoods in Routa. Migrants and traders disseminate information about livelihoods. Traders often become patrons who supply the provisions that enable households to adapt to the gradual transformation of their livelihoods. Low population density has led to the problem of seasonal labour shortages that to date have prevented people from obtaining sufficient income from any one particular livelihood. As a result, people have to utilise the labour of all household members and invited migrants to overcome labour shortages. To meet everyday needs and insufficient income, people diversify. A few still maintain their livelihoods as forest gatherers and swidden farmers. Change is also felt in the coming of the palm oil plantation in Lalomerui village. The palm oil company introduces a new working culture that few people can negotiate. A large multi-national mining company is also offering opportunities for local people. They established local criteria for employment, formed consultative groups and established a micro-finance institution in each village. But the success of pepper makes the presence of both big investments less meaningful in the lives and livelihoods of the local people.
title: Informationsfluss in der Offshore Windenergie - Ein Referenzprozess für Betriebsführung und Instandhaltung
Creators: name: Bendlin, Dirk
name: Werther Häckell, Moritz
name: Schwarzkopf, Marie-Antoinette
name: Kucewicz, Alicja Julia
name: Marx Gómez, Jorge
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik, Bonn
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Betriebsführung und Instandhaltung
subject: Offshore Windenergie
subject: Referenzprozess
subject: BPMN
subject: IAM
subject: Rollen und Kernaktivitäten

description: Diese Arbeit untersucht, als Vorarbeit zum Forschungsprojekt WiSA Big Data (FKZ: 03EE3016E) das Geschäftsumfeld von Betriebs- und Instandhaltungsprojekten in der Offshore Windenergie. Speziell soll dabei eine generische und möglichst allgemeingültige Prozesslandkarte, angelehnt an das Institut für Asset Management (IAM) erstellt werden. Im Weiteren soll ein Kernprozess für die Betriebsführung und Instandhaltung von Offshore Windparks in der Business Process Model and Notation (BPMN) abgebildet werden. Die Hauptbeteiligten der Betriebsführung und Instandhaltung, werden exemplarisch in tabellarischer Form dargestellt. Dies wird auf Basis einer Literaturrecherche entwickelt. Mit diesem generischen Modell kann das Anforderungsprofil des im Forschungsprojekt geplanten Software Demonstrators domänenspezifisch gestaltet werden.
A Novel Local Binary Pattern Based Blind Feature Image Steganography
Creators: name: Chakraborty, Soumendu
name: Jalal, Anand Singh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Steganography methods in general terms tend to embed more and more secret bits in the cover images. Most of these methods are designed to embed secret information in such a way that the change in the visual quality of the resulting stego image is not detectable. There exists some methods which preserve the global structure of the cover after embedding. However, the embedding capacity of these methods is very less. In this paper a novel feature based blind image steganography technique is proposed, which preserves the LBP (Local binary pattern) feature of the cover with comparable embedding rates. Local binary pattern is a well known image descriptor used for image representation. The proposed scheme computes the local binary pattern to hide the bits of the secret image in such a way that the local relationship that exists in the cover are preserved in the resulting stego image. The performance of the proposed steganography method has been tested on several images of different types to show the robustness. State of the art LSB based steganography methods are compared with the proposed method to show the effectiveness of feature based image steganography
Properties of the $π$ state induced by impurities in a d-wave superconductor
Creators: name: Litak, G.
name: Krawiec, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the properties of a quantum impurity embedded in a superconducting host of a d-wave symmetry. The superconductor is described by the extended negative $U$ Hubbard model while the impurity introduces a repulsive interaction to the system around the central site. We discuss the influence of this repulsion on the local properties (density of states, electron pairing and spontaneous current around the impurity) of the superconductor. We show the condition of $π$ - like behaviour, defined as two subsystems having a phase difference of $π$, in the system by using a proper combination of attractive pairing bond interaction and repulsive one between electrons located at the impurity and nearest neighbour sites.
description: 2 pages, 1 figure
Decay constants and radiative decays of heavy mesons in light-front quark model
Creators: name: Choi, Ho-Meoyng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the magnetic dipole decays $V\to Pγ$ of various heavy-flavored mesons such as $(D,D^*,D_s,D^{*}_s,η_c, J/ψ)$ and $(B,B^*,B_s,B^*_s,η_b,Υ)$ using the light-front quark model constrained by the variational principle for the QCD-motivated effective Hamiltonian. The momentum dependent form factors $F_{VP}(q^2)$ for $V\to Pγ^*$ decays are obtained in the $q^+=0$ frame and then analytically continued to the timelike region by changing ${\bf q}_\perp$ to $i{\bf q}_\perp$ in the form factors. The coupling constant $g_{VPγ}$ for real photon case is then obtained in the limit as $q^2\to 0$, i.e. $g_{VPγ}=F_{VP}(q^2=0)$. The weak decay constants of heavy pseudoscalar and vector mesons are also calculated. Our numerical results for the decay constants and radiative decay widths for the heavy-flavored mesons are overall in good agreement with the available experimental data as well as other theoretical model calculations.
description: 9 pages, 3figures, added few more references, typos corrected
BOSHLANG'ICH TA'LIMDA MATEMATIKA O'QITISH METODIKASI  FANINI YANGI YONDASHUVLAR ASOSIDA O'TISH
Creators: name: Imomova Nasiba, Shahrisabz davlat pedagogika instituti Boshlang'ich ta'lim kafedrasi o'qituvchisi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Ushbu maqolada boshlang‘ich sinflarda matematika  fanining ahamiyati, uni o‘qitish  texnologiyalari  va  sifatli  dars  tashkil  ertshga  oid  metodik  tavsiyalar berilgan.maqolada  tavsifiy  metoddan  foydalanilgan.  Maqolada  matematika darslarida  ishlatiladigan  metodlari  va  ulardan  o‘rinli  foydalanish  haqidagi ma’lumotlar bor.
Lack of Hfe and TfR2 in macrophages impairs iron metabolism in the spleen and the bone marrow
Creators: name: Comità, Stefano
name: Falco, Patrizia
name: Mezzanotte, Mariarosa
name: Vujić Spasić, Maja
name: Roetto, Antonella
Publisher: name: Universität Ulm
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Iron
subject: Macrophages
subject: Animal model
subject: Hemochromatosis
subject: DDC 590 / Animals (Zoology)

description: Iron is a vital element involved in a plethora of metabolic activities. Mammalian systemic iron homeostasis is mainly modulated by hepcidin, the synthesis of which is regulated by a number of proteins, including the hemochromatosis-associated proteins Hfe and Transferrin Receptor 2 (TfR2). Macrophages play versatile functions in iron homeostasis by storing iron derived from the catabolism of erythrocytes and supplying iron required for erythropoiesis. The absence of Hfe in macrophages causes a mild iron deficiency in aged mice and leads to an overproduction of the iron exporter Ferroportin 1 (Fpn1). Conversely, TfR2 gene silencing in macrophages does not influence systemic iron metabolism but decreases transcription of the macrophage Fpn1 in adult mice and modulates their immune response. This study investigated cellular and systemic iron metabolism in adult and aged male mice with macrophage-specific Hfe and TfR2 silencing (double knock-out, DKO). Serum iron parameters were significantly modified in aged animals, and significant differences were found in hepatic hepcidin transcription at both ages. Interestingly, splenic iron content was low in adult DKOs and splenic Fpn1 transcription was significantly increased in DKO animals at both ages, while the protein amount does not reflect the transcriptional trend. Additionally, DKO macrophages were isolated from mice bone marrow (BMDMs) and showed significant variations in the transcription of iron genes and protein amounts in targeted mice compared to controls. Specifically, Tranferrin Receptor 1 (TfR1) increased in DKO adult mice BMDMs, while the opposite is observed in the cells of aged DKO mice. Fpn1 transcript was significantly decreased in the BMDMs of adult DKO mice, while the protein was reduced at both ages. Lastly, a significant increase in Erythropoietin production was evidenced in aged DKO mice. Overall, our study reveals that Hfe and TfR2 in macrophages regulate hepatic Hepc production and affect iron homeostasis in the spleen and BMDMs, leading to an iron deficiency in aged animals that impairs their erythropoiesis. © In Copyright http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
Reduce and Boost: Recovering Arbitrary Sets of Jointly Sparse Vectors
Creators: name: Mishali, Moshe
name: Eldar, Yonina C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases (nlin.CG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The rapid developing area of compressed sensing suggests that a sparse vector lying in an arbitrary high dimensional space can be accurately recovered from only a small set of non-adaptive linear measurements. Under appropriate conditions on the measurement matrix, the entire information about the original sparse vector is captured in the measurements, and can be recovered using efficient polynomial methods. The vector model has been extended to a finite set of sparse vectors sharing a common non-zero location set. In this paper, we treat a broader framework in which the goal is to recover a possibly infinite set of jointly sparse vectors. Extending existing recovery methods to this model is difficult due to the infinite structure of the sparse vector set. Instead, we prove that the entire infinite set of sparse vectors can recovered by solving a single, reduced-size finite-dimensional problem, corresponding to recovery of a finite set of sparse vectors. We then show that the problem can be further reduced to the basic recovery of a single sparse vector by randomly combining the measurement vectors. Our approach results in exact recovery of both countable and uncountable sets as it does not rely on discretization or heuristic techniques. To efficiently recover the single sparse vector produced by the last reduction step, we suggest an empirical boosting strategy that improves the recovery ability of any given sub-optimal method for recovering a sparse vector. Numerical experiments on random data demonstrate that when applied to infinite sets our strategy outperforms discretization techniques in terms of both run time and empirical recovery rate. In the finite model, our boosting algorithm is characterized by fast run time and superior recovery rate than known popular methods.
description: 21 Pages, 9 figures. Submitted to the IEEE for possible publication
Determining optimal conditions for obtaining graphene oxide in ammonium carbonate solution by electrochemical method
Creators: name: Khushnudbek, Eshchanov
name: Makhliyo, Ibragimova
name: Bazar, Ibadullaev
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: At present, many studies are being conducted on obtaining graphene oxide from graphite by chemical and electrochemical methods. However, the purification of graphene oxide obtained by these methods from the reaction mixture has certain complications. In our study, the possibility of obtaining and purifying graphene oxide of ammonium carbonate by electrochemical method was shown. The optimal conditions for obtaining graphene oxide at different concentrations of ammonium carbonate solution and different electric voltages were studied. The results showed that in ammonium carbonate solution, with a concentration of 1 mol/L, was found to be an optimal condition for obtaining a relatively productive amount of graphene oxide by passing an electric current from graphite electrodes at a voltage of 6 V.
title: Identifikation erfolgsrelevanter Faktoren von Cloudbasierten Geschäftsprozessmanagement-Lösungen
Creators: name: Lehner, Franz
name: Floerecke, Sebastian
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik, Bonn
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Geschäftsprozessmanagement (GPM)
subject: Geschäftsprozessmanagementsystem (GPMS)
subject: Cloud-Computing
subject: Erfolgsrelevante Faktoren
subject: Internetrecherche
subject: Querschnittanalyse

description: Die Forschung befindet sich, was die Auswahl, die Einführung und die Verwendung von Cloud-basierten Geschäftsprozessmanagement (GPM)-Lösungen anbelangt, noch relativ am Anfang und bietet deshalb der betrieblichen Praxis diesbezüglich nur wenig Hilfestellung. Vor diesem Hintergrund besteht das Ziel dieser Untersuchung darin, mittels einer qualitativ-empirischen Querschnittanalyse derartige Lösungen zu identifizieren und hinsichtlich ihrer erfolgsrelevanten Faktoren zu analysieren. Die erfolgsrelevanten Faktoren werden zum einen aus der Wahrnehmung der Anbieter und zum anderen der Anwender betrachtet und im Nachgang miteinander verglichen. Dazu werden alle Faktoren gezählt, die bei der Nutzung einer spezifischen Cloud-basierten GPM-Lösung als wichtig, nützlich und wirtschaftlich vorteilhaft eingestuft werden. Als Ergebnis konnten aus der Kunden- und der Anbieterperspektive insgesamt 16 erfolgsrelevante Faktoren ermittelt werden. Die beiden Perspektiven weisen eine hohe Übereinstimmung auf. Durch die Ergebnisse erhalten Kunden Unterstützung bei der Anbieter- beziehungsweise Toolauswahl, indem sie die abgeleiteten erfolgsrelevanten Faktoren in ihren Auswahlprozess einbeziehen können. Anbieter können im Gegenzug ihre Cloud-basierten GPM-Lösungen entsprechend den Kundenwünschen gestalten und bewerben.
title: BOB3 – Ein kleiner Roboter zum Einstieg in Informatik und Programmieren lernen
title: Digitale Mikrolerneinheiten in Kombination mit klassischen Unterrichtsmaterialien
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Bach, Katja
name: Springob, Nils
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik, Bonn
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Einstieg in die Digitale Welt
subject: Einstieg in Informatik
subject: textuelle Programmierung
subject: Sekundarstufe.

description: In diesem Beitrag wird das Informatikprojekt BOB3 für Schülerinnen und Schüler ab der Sekundarstufe I vorgestellt. Es wird zunächst kurz auf die Entstehung eingegangen, anschließend werden die vorhandenen Lehr- und Lernmaterialien des Projekts für den Schulalltag beschrieben. Es wird eine Kombination aus digitalen, interaktiven Mikrolerneinheiten und klassischen Arbeitsmaterialien vorgestellt. Abschließend wird ein kurzes Fazit gezogen
Hfe actions in kupffer cells are dispensable for hepatic and systemic iron metabolism
Creators: name: Knoop, Paul
name: Yilmaz, Dilay
name: Paganoni, Rossana
name: Steele-Perkins, Peter
name: Gruber, Andreas
name: Akdogan, Banu
name: Zischka, Hans
name: Leopold, Kerstin
name: Vujić Spasić, Maja
Publisher: name: Universität Ulm
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: HFE-hemochromatosis
subject: Kupffer cells
subject: Macrophage
subject: Liver
subject: Iron
subject: Hepcidin
subject: DDC 570 / Life sciences

description: Mutations in the HFE/Hfe gene cause Hereditary Hemochromatosis (HH), a highly prevalent genetic disorder characterized by elevated iron deposition in multiple tissues. HFE acts in hepatocytes to control hepcidin expression, whereas HFE actions in myeloid cells are required for cell-autonomous and systemic iron regulation in aged mice. To address the role of HFE specifically in liver-resident macrophages, we generated mice with a selective Hfe deficiency in Kupffer cells (HfeClec4fCre). The analysis of the major iron parameters in this novel HfeClec4fCre mouse model led us to the conclusion that HFE actions in Kupffer cells are largely dispensable for cellular, hepatic and systemic iron homeostasis.
High-pressure synthesis of Ba$_2$RhO$_4$, a rhodate analogue of the layered perovskite Sr-ruthenate
Creators: name: Kurata, I.
name: Flores-Livas, José A.
name: Sugimoto, H.
name: Takahashi, H.
name: Sagayama, H.
name: Yamasaki, Y.
name: Nomoto, T.
name: Arita, R.
name: Ishiwata, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new layered perovskite-type oxide Ba$_2$RhO$_4$ was synthesized by a high-pressure technique with the support of convex-hull calculations. The crystal and electronic structure were studied by both experimental and computational tools. Structural refinements for powder x-ray diffraction data showed that Ba$_2$RhO$_4$ crystallizes in a K$_2$NiF$_4$-type structure, isostructural to Sr$_2$RuO$_4$ and Ba$_2$IrO$_4$. Magnetic, resistivity, and specific heat measurements for polycrystalline samples of Ba$_2$RhO$_4$ indicate that the system can be characterized as a correlated metal. Despite the close similarity to its Sr$_2$RuO$_4$ counterpart in the electronic specific heat coefficient and the Wilson ratio, Ba$_2$RhO$_4$ shows no signature of superconductivity down to 0.16 K. Whereas the Fermi surface topology has reminiscent pieces of Sr$_2$RuO$_4$, an electron-like e$_g$-($d_{x^2-y^2}$) band descends below the Fermi level, making of this compound unique also as a metallic counterpart of the spin-orbit-coupled Mott insulator Ba$_2$IrO$_4$.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures
Elements for the development of a self-sustaining model of Regional Innovation System
Creators: name: Lanzetta, Vincenzo
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2015

description: Studi recenti evidenziano il carattere ecosistemico dei Regional Innovation Systems (RISs) e argomentano sulla necessità di  analizzarli come Complex Adaptive Systems. Del resto, la letteratura anche meno recente sull'innovazione sistemica territoriale, e sui RISs in particolare, pur mostrandosi particolarmente dispersa si è caratterizzata per la presenza di un ricorrente riferimento a concetti tipici della scienza della complessità, come quelli di emergenza e self-sustainability.
Alcuni studiosi hanno evidenziato la necessità di definire un  nuovo framework teorico che si fondi sui contributi delle svariate concettualizzazioni di letteratura sull'innovazione sistemica. Con l'adozione dell'ottica CAS, quindi, abbiamo ritenuto opportuno rivisitare la letteratura sul topic allo scopo di individuare un nuovo modello concettuale di RIS che adotti gli elementi comuni dei diversi framework concettuali presenti in letteratura, e che risponda anche alle logiche della scienza della complessità. 
Ovviamente, la visione dei RISs come Complex Adaptive Systems ha comportato anche una rivisitazione degli attuali strumenti di valutazione della capacità innovativa regionale; questi ultimi, generalmente, sono strumenti (di comparazione statistica di specifici indicatori di innovazione) che presentano criticità metodologiche.
Nell'elaborato di tesi argomentiamo sulla necessità di ribaltare la filosofia di fondo degli attuali tools di valutazione della capacità innovativa regionale, per ripensarli in funzione della visione ecosistemica, ossia in funzione di una visione che guardi ad attrattori potenziali verso cui il sistema può tendere; pertanto, in coerenza con l'idea che il RIS - in quanto CAS -  vive sul bordo del caos in uno stato di self-organized criticality, abbiamo individuato la necessità di determinare la Regional Innovation Value Criticality  quale parametro chiave del nuovo modello concettuale proposto in questo elaborato.
Environmental modification of the expression of neural tube defects in SELH/Bc mice
Creators: name: Hall, Jennifer Lynn
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The objective of this work was to explore the environmental modification of the expression of neural tube defects (NTDs) in SELH/Bc mice. One approach was to examine the potential of SELH/Bc mice as an animal model for the reduction in recurrence and occurrence rates of NTDs in women given periconceptional folic acid supplementation. Neither folic acid nor methionine supplementation produced a detectable reduction of the exencephaly frequency in SELH/Bc mice. However, the frequency of exencephaly was consistently higher in SELH/Bc dams fed a chemically-defined Harlan Teklad diet than in SELH/Bc dams fed the standard ration of Purina Lab Chow. This observation was directly tested. The exencephaly frequency was 7-fold higher on Harlan Teklad diet than on the Purina Lab Chow diet (21% versus 3%). This finding represents the first demonstration of the nutritional modification of the expression of NTDs in SELH/Bc mice, and it affords a unique opportunity to study the mechanism of prevention of exencephaly in the SELH/Bc mouse model, something that is not possible to examine directly in human studies of NTDs. Another approach tested for the presence of a genotype-teratogen interaction of SELH/Bc mice with valproic acid as an animal model of the effect of genetic liability to NTDs on the liability to anticonvulsant induced birth defects. The SELH/Bc response to valproic acid treatment was compared to the response of two inbred strains of mice that rarely have spontaneous exencephaly. When the data were transformed according to the developmental threshold model with an underlying normally distributed scale of liability, the response to valproic acid treatment was found to be additive with the genetic liability. The genetic liability to exencephaly in SELHBc mice greatly increased the absolute risk after valproic acid treatment. At the peak response time, the frequency of exencephaly in SELH/Bc mice was 69% compared to 35% and 40% respectively in SWV/Bc and ICR/Be mice. This observation may have clinical significance for women with a positive family history of NTDs taking valproic acid during the first trimester of pregnancy.
Light Cone Structure near Null Infinity of the Kerr Metric
Creators: name: Bai, Shan
name: Cao, Zhoujian
name: Gong, Xuefei
name: Shang, Yu
name: Wu, Xiaoning
name: Lau, Y. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by our attempt to understand the question of angular momentum of a relativistic rotating source carried away by gravitational waves, in the asymptotic regime near future null infinity of the Kerr metric, a family of null hypersurfaces intersecting null infinity in shearfree (good) cuts are constructed by means of asymptotic expansion of the eikonal equation. The geometry of the null hypersurfaces as well asthe asymptotic structure of the Kerr metric near null infinity are studied. To the lowest order in angular momentum, the Bondi-Sachs form of the Kerr metric is worked out. The Newman-Unti formalism is then further developed, with which the Newman-Penrose constants of the Kerr metric are computed and shown to be zero. Possible physical implications of the vanishing of the Newman-Penrose constants of the Kerr metric are also briefly discussed.
Hard Hill Research Plots, Moor House National Nature Reserve, UK, VR imagery
Creators: name: Lindsay, Richard
Publisher: name: Sustainability Research Institute, University of East London
Year: 2019
Subjects: blanket bog
burning
grazing management
photographs
Hard Hill
monitoring
Virtual Reality
carbon

description: This collection of four image datasets represents the first complete photographic documentation (provided as VR 360 degree 2D format and VR 180 degree 3D format imagery) of the Hard Hill Experimental Plots established on blanket bog in 1954 at Moor House National Nature Reserve, north Pennines, UK.

The plots were established to observe the long-term effects of different burning and grazing regimes on blanket bog vegetation. There are four Blocks (A, B, C, D), and the same six treatments are represented within each block in a randomised layout - namely burning every 10 years with no grazing, burning every 20 years with no grazing, burnt only in 1954 with no grazing, then burning every 10 years with grazing, burning every 20 years with grazing and burnt only in 1954 with grazing. All four Blocks were burnt completely in 1954 at the start of the experiment. In 2019, we added two new plots. One was established outside Block D but within the area burnt in 1954 though not burnt since, while the second new treatment plot was established outside Block D but in an area that was not burnt in 1954 and has not been burnt since. 

One set of images for each format (2D or 3D) is provided in the form of imagery processed in Photoshop to balance the darkness of the ground with the brightness of the sky, but a second set of imagery is provided as the un-processed original imagery so that users can apply their own image processing to the original files.
description: Camera locations and plot layout for 360 degree 2D & 180 degree 3D VR imagery.
title: Organizational Performance Management – From Planning to Execution and Re-Alignment
title: A holistic approach
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Klingmann, Philipp
name: Altenhoener, Albrecht
name: Brockmann,
name: Carsten,
name: Silbernagel, Selina
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik, Bonn
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Organizational performance management
subject: plan
subject: monitor
subject: intervene
subject: CFO Services
subject: strategic cost transformation
subject: business finance
subject: controlling

description: The organizational performance management frameworks presented in this contriobution cover the whole lifecycle from planning to monitoring up to intervening and re-aligning. The business architecture shall always be aligned with the technological architecture through thr supporting elements. In addition, Governance and people play a crucial role in defining and achieving performance goals, even allowing organizations to exceed their goals.
Ruolo prognostico della restenosi in 10,004 pazienti sottoposti a controllo angiografico di routine dopo stenting coronarico
Creators: name: Cassese, Salvatore
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2015

description: Scopi: Il controllo angiografico di routine è uno strumento ad alta sensibilità per valutare la restenosi dopo stenting coronarico. Ciononostante il ruolo prognostico della restenosi rimane controverso. Il presente studio valuta l'impatto delle restenosi sulla mortalità a 4 anni in pazienti sottoposti a controllo angiografico di routine dopo stenting coronarico.
Metodi e Risultati: Sono stati studiati tutti i pazienti con controllo angiografico di routine a 6-8 mesi dopo impianto di stent coronarico per lesioni de novo dal 1998 al 2009 in due Centri ad alto volume a Monaco di Baviera, Germania. La restenosi è stata definita come una stenosi ≥50% del diametro del vaso coronarico nell'area direttamente coperta dallo stent o nei 5 mm di segmento vascolare prossimale e distale ai margini dello stent. L'endpoint principale è la mortalità a 4 anni.
Lo studio ha incluso 10,004 pazienti con 15,004 lesioni trattate. Un totale di 2,643 (26.4%) pazienti ha presentato una restenosi al follow-up angiografico. Si sono osservati 702 decessi durante il follow-up: 218 decessi tra i pazienti con restenosi e 484 decessi tra i pazienti senza restenosi (hazard ratio – HR; [intervallo di confidenza – CI al 95%], 1.19; [1.02 - 1.40]; p= 0.03). All'analisi multivariata condotta secondo il modello degli hazard proporzionali di Cox, la restenosi al controllo angiografico predice la mortalità a 4 anni (HR 1.23; [95% CI 1.03 - 1.46]; p= 0.02). Altri predittori associati a più elevata mortalità a 4 anni sono l'età (per ogni incremento di 10 anni, HR 2.34; [95% CI 2.12 - 2.60]; p< 0.001), il diabete mellito (HR 1.68; [95% CI 1.41 - 1.99]; p< 0.001), l'abitudine al fumo (HR 1.39; [95% CI 1.09 - 1.76]; p= 0.01) e la frazione di eiezione ventricolare sinistra (per ogni riduzione del 5%, HR 1.39; [95% CI 1.31 - 1.48]; p< 0.001).
Conclusioni: In quest'ampia casistica di pazienti, l'evidenza di restenosi al controllo angiografico di routine dopo stenting coronarico predice la mortalità a 4 anni.
Phonon Squeezing in a Superconducting Molecular Transistor
Creators: name: Zazunov, A.
name: Feinberg, D.
name: Martin, Thierry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Josephson transport through a single molecule or carbon nanotube is considered in the presence of a local vibrational mode coupled to the electronic charge. The ground-state solution is obtained exactly in the limit of a large superconducting gap, and is extended to the general case by variational analysis. Coherent charge fluctuations are entangled with non-classical phonon states. The Josephson current induces squeezing of the phonon mode, which is controlled by the superconducting phase difference and by the junction asymmetry. Optical probes of non-classical phonon states are briefly discussed.
Uniform decomposition of the flag scheme by a symmetric subgroup action
Creators: name: Hayashi, Takuma
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we establish a scheme-theoretic analog of the works of Matsuki and Richardson--Springer on the symmetric subgroup orbit decomposition of the flag variety under a certain assumption that asserts local constancy of their combinatorial description of the classification of orbits at geometric points (the local constancy hypothesis). We also prove that scheme-theoretic models of orbits are affinely imbedded into the flag scheme under the same assumption (Beilinson--Bernstein's affinity theorem). Finally, we compute some classical examples to give scheme-theoretic consequences of the geometric point free and descent phenomena of orbit decompositions.
description: Final version
title: Security aspects of FPGA and virtualization case studies
Creators: name: Tellabi, Asmaa
name: Sabri, Abdelbast
name: Ruland, Christoph
name: Waedt, Karl
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik, Bonn
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Virtualization
subject: hypervisor XtratuM
subject: embedded system using PetaLinux
subject: FPGA Xilinx Soc 7000 zc706

description: Virtualization technology is a technology that has been integrated a lot lately, thanks to its interoperability and enhanced performances. An essential element in virtualization is the hypervisor that is responsible of managing virtual machines; it allows various guest operating systems (OS) to run on one hardware entity simultaneously. Many researchers recognized the challenge of allowing multiple critical applications to share one hardware platform without interfering, and ensuring security of transactions a major safety and security challenge in virtualization. Usually, security by design is also comprises the protection of intellectual property (IP), possible safety related damages and extend financial losses. By the extension of the usage of programmable logic outside commercial markets to avionics and military applications, security by design integrates extra aspects to ensure safety and cybersecurity. Solutions for protecting application data during transmission and storage exist, but solutions for protecting Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) configuration data are not well-known. In the context of Industry 4.0, the FPGA hardware solutions provide the needed level of flexibility and performance. The flexibility, portability and even, to a wide extent, technology independence are due to the software based definition of the hardware via Hardware Description Languages (HDL). In this paper, threats and vulnerabilities surrounding FPGAs will be addressed. An example of a type 1 hypervisor called XtratuM will be ported on top of a Xilinx Soc 7000 zc706 will be integrated, as well as a prototype of embedded system using PetaLinux will be provided.
Efficient Solution of Boolean Satisfiability Problems with Digital MemComputing
Creators: name: Bearden, S. R. B.
name: Pei, Y. R.
name: Di Ventra, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Emerging Technologies (cs.ET)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Boolean satisfiability is a propositional logic problem of interest in multiple fields, e.g., physics, mathematics, and computer science. Beyond a field of research, instances of the SAT problem, as it is known, require efficient solution methods in a variety of applications. It is the decision problem of determining whether a Boolean formula has a satisfying assignment, believed to require exponentially growing time for an algorithm to solve for the worst-case instances. Yet, the efficient solution of many classes of Boolean formulae eludes even the most successful algorithms, not only for the worst-case scenarios, but also for typical-case instances. Here, we introduce a memory-assisted physical system (a digital memcomputing machine) that, when its non-linear ordinary differential equations are integrated numerically, shows evidence for polynomially-bounded scalability while solving "hard" planted-solution instances of SAT, known to require exponential time to solve in the typical case for both complete and incomplete algorithms. Furthermore, we analytically demonstrate that the physical system can efficiently solve the SAT problem in continuous time, without the need to introduce chaos or an exponentially growing energy. The efficiency of the simulations is related to the collective dynamical properties of the original physical system that persist in the numerical integration to robustly guide the solution search even in the presence of numerical errors. We anticipate our results to broaden research directions in physics-inspired computing paradigms ranging from theory to application, from simulation to hardware implementation.
title: AI Reading, or Automatic Semantic Decomposition into Knowledge Graphs and Symbolic reasoning through Marker Passing
Creators: name: Fähndrich, Johannes
name: Trollmann, Frank
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik, Bonn
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Semantic Decomposition
subject: Digital Investigation
subject: Marker Passing

description: Marker passing algorithms have been applied to solve problems in artificial intelligence related to the semantic of written words. Such approaches could a also prove to be useful in digital forensics, e.g., to reduce the effort of extracting evidence from confiscated data. We call creating semantic or even pragmatic understanding of text: AI reading. With this, we show that the aggregation of knowledge out of heterogeneous information sources can be a combination of symbolic and connectionist approaches. With that, the extraction of knowledge graphs can be automated. This approach has the benefit, when used correctly, that both the creation and the use of the knowledge graph through Marker Passing stay explainable. In this paper we describe a tool chain of a Marker Passing approach from the point of view of digital forensics and discuss challenges and opportunities arising from the application of such an approach.
title: A meta analysis of the status of AI in environmental computer science
Creators: name: Sinwell, Lukas
name: Bruns, Julian
name: Budde, Matthias
name: Abecker, Andreas
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik, Bonn
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: AI
subject: Computational Sustainability
subject: Environmental Computer Science
subject: Meta Analysis

description: Artificial Intelligence is hyped as one of the key enablers of the future which will help to solve key challenges of humanity. The research field which already addresses many of those challenges is Environmental (Computer) Science. Therefore, it seems like a natural fit to combine both fields. AI can provide algorithms and methods to ease the computations and extend the existing (simulation) models of the environmental sciences. The environmental sciences already have in-depth knowledge of the problems at hand, can evaluate and interpret both the relative importance of input data as well as the results. However, to achieve this synergy, a strong foundation and knowledge of previous work is needed. This work aims to contribute to this foundation by providing a data-driven overview of AI-based research activities in the field of environmental computer science.
Nonlinear collective effects in photon-photon and photon-plasma interactions
Creators: name: Marklund, M.
name: Shukla, P. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider strong-field effects in laboratory and astrophysical plasmas and high intensity laser and cavity systems. Current state-of-the-art laser facilities are close to reaching energy scales at which quantum electrodynamics will play a crucial role in the dynamics of plasmas and indeed the vacuum itself. Developments such as the free electron laser may also give a means for exploring remote violent events such as supernovae in a laboratory environment. Here we describe the implications of collective interactions between photons and photon-plasma systems. We give an overview of strong field vacuum effects and a set of equations describing the nonlinear propagation of an electromagnetic pulse on a radiation-plasma is derived. Effects introduced by QED in pair plasmas is described. Applications to laser-plasma systems and astrophysical environments are discussed.
description: 47 pages, accepted for publication in Rev. Mod. Phys
Rectified phase-matching equation for fiber mode converter gratings using two-mode interference
Creators: name: Basu, Soham
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The resonance wavelength, where a fiber mode converter grating written using periodic external perturbations achieves phase matching, is both a critical design parameter and a device parameter. However, a method to precisely predict the resonance wavelength for any new fiber and grating writing apparatus has been missing so far. The missing link was the lack of direct experimental methods to estimate the modified intermodal phase after writing with external perturbations. The presented method can make this estimation from a single experiment, over a broad wavelength range, based on a novel mathematical connection between two-mode interference and mode conversion. Using the novel methods, experimentally measured resonance wavelengths for different pitch and irradiation conditions have been predicted within relative errors of 0.004.
WAVE-UNET: Wavelength based Image Reconstruction method using attention UNET for OCT images
Creators: name: Viqar, Maryam
name: Sahin, Erdem
name: Madjarova, Violeta
name: Stoykova, Elena
name: Hong, Keehoon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we propose to leverage a deep-learning (DL) based reconstruction framework for high quality Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography (SS-OCT) images, by incorporating wavelength (λ) space interferometric fringes. Generally, the SS-OCT captured fringe is linear in wavelength space and if Inverse Discrete Fourier Transform (IDFT) is applied to extract depth-resolved spectral information, the resultant images are blurred due to the broadened Point Spread Function (PSF). Thus, the recorded wavelength space fringe is to be scaled to uniform grid in wavenumber (k) space using k-linearization and calibration involving interpolations which may result in loss of information along with increased system complexity. Another challenge in OCT is the speckle noise, inherent in the low coherence interferometry-based systems. Hence, we propose a systematic design methodology WAVE-UNET to reconstruct the high-quality OCT images directly from the λ-space to reduce the complexity. The novel design paradigm surpasses the linearization procedures and uses DL to enhance the realism and quality of raw λ-space scans. This framework uses modified UNET having attention gating and residual connections, with IDFT processed λ-space fringes as the input. The method consistently outperforms the traditional OCT system by generating good-quality B-scans with highly reduced time-complexity.