cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Optimal Layout in Airborne Wind Energy Farms.
Creators: name: Roque, Luís A.C.
name: Fernandes, Manuel C.R.M.
name: Paiva, Luís Tiago
name: Fontes, Fernando A.C.C.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Kite Farms
Airborne Wind Energy Systems

description: One of the challenges that arise from exploiting Airborne
 Wind Energy (AWE) technologies is related to the design,
 optimization and development of a kite farm comprising
 several kite pumping units.
 Assuming we know specific wind local characteristics,
 land dimensions, and shape, we address the decision of
 deciding howmany units should be operating, their location,
 and characterizing the flight envelope of each AWE
 unit, aiming to maximize power production while satisfying
 constraints concerning to the maximum altitude, and
 minimum distances to avoid collision among kites.
 The configuration of a conic–shaped flight envelope for
 each wind speed in which each kite system is allowed to
 fly depends on decision variables like the azimuth angle
 span, the elevation angle span, the elevation angle offset,
 as well as, the maximum and minimum tether lengths.
 The envelope parameterization is computed to ensure
 the optimal operation of each kite pumping unit within
 its flight cone, maximizing the average power production
 of a full cycle given the geometric constraints of the envelope.
 In the first stage, we estimate the total power production
 of each kite using an explicit formula. We consider
 the kite characteristics, the envelope constraints, the loss
 of efficiency due to the cubic cosine law, as well as the
 loss of efficiency due to the actuation on the kite roll angle.
 We consider an unlimited nominal power and an
 unlimited maximum number of kites to obtain initial estimates
 for the number of kites, the envelope parameters,
 and the corresponding power generated. In the second
 stage, we use the obtained estimates to fix the maximumnumber
 of kites and the nominal power of the farm.
 In both stages, the methodology employed is a heuristic
 based on a global optimization method, a Biased Random
 Key Genetic Algorithm [1]. Additionally, we address
 the choice of the best pattern for a set of kite pumping
 units in a given land area [2]. We investigate the different
 possible arrangements related to kite placement, following,
 for example, a squaredpattern or a triangularpattern.
Generalized Jacobi identities and ball-box theorem for horizontally regular vector fields
Creators: name: Morbidelli, Daniele
name: Montanari, Annamaria
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C17

description: We consider a family of vector fields and we assume a horizontal regularity on their derivatives. We discuss the notion of commutator showing that different definitions agree. We apply our results to the proof of a ball-box theorem and Poincaré inequality for nonsmooth Hörmander vector fields.
description: arXiv admin note: material from arXiv:1106.2410v1, now three separate articles arXiv:1106.2410v2, arXiv:1201.5228, arXiv:1201.5209
Algorithms for ACLP+RPDP
Creators: name: Pereira de Mesquita, Antonio Celio
name: Alonso Sanches, Carlos Alberto
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 490108
subject: Operations research
classificationCode: 490304
subject: Optimisation

description: We model and solve the problem of planning the loading and routing of an aircraft according to a utility score, weight and balance principles, fuel consumption, and cost increases due to centre of gravity displacement in a tour of simultaneous pickup and delivery. This is necessary because in the aerial pickup and delivery of goods, transport aviation faces risks of cargo unbalancing and wrong delivery due to the urgency required for loading for mission accomplishment. It is solved by integer programming and four known meta-heuristics to select the method that most fits the operational requirements. We also created a heuristic that quickly finds viable solutions for a wide range of problem sizes in much less than the operationally acceptable time. The output is an essential part of airlift because it guarantees flight safety, makes ground operations more efficient, and makes sure that each item gets to its right destination.
Algorithms for ACLP+RPDP
Creators: name: Pereira de Mesquita, Antonio Celio
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 490108
subject: Operations research
classificationCode: 490304
subject: Optimisation

description: We model and solve the problem of planning the loading and routing of an aircraft according to a utility score, weight and balance principles, fuel consumption, and cost increases due to centre of gravity displacement in a tour of simultaneous pickup and delivery. This is necessary because in the aerial pickup and delivery of goods, transport aviation faces risks of cargo unbalancing and wrong delivery due to the urgency required for loading for mission accomplishment. It is solved by integer programming and four known meta-heuristics to select the method that most fits the operational requirements. We also created a heuristic that quickly finds viable solutions for a wide range of problem sizes in much less than the operationally acceptable time. The output is an essential part of airlift because it guarantees flight safety, makes ground operations more efficient, and makes sure that each item gets to its right destination.
From Bach to Baseball Cards-Caring for America's Library: Visit to the Library of Congress Preservation Directorate/Preservation Lab
Creators: name: Vaska, Marcus
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Library of Congress
subject: Preservation Directorate
subject: Preservation Lab

description: Presentation delivered at the Libraries and Cultural Resources Academic Council Meeting, MacKimmie Library, University of Calgary, January 22, 2010
description: This presentation discusses experiences encountered while touring the Preservation Directorate and Preservation Lab at the Library of Congress
Metabolomics analysis of chronic urticaria
Creators: name: 彭聪(CongPeng)
Publisher: name: CNGB
Year: 2023
Subjects: Other
Metabolomics
plasma
Medical

description: Background: Population-based studies have highlighted the link between CU and metabolic syndrome, and metabolic alterations have been revealed in CU. However, to our knowledge, a comprehensive metabolomics study on a large cohort of CU patients has not been reported. Objective: To explore the underlying metabolic subtypes and novel metabolite biomarkers for CU diagnosis and therapy. Methods: Plasma samples from 80 CU patients and 82 healthy controls (HCs) were collected for metabolomics quantification and performed bioinformatics analysis. Another independent cohort consisting of 144 CU patients was studied to validate the findings. Bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMCs) and IgE-induced passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) mice were utilized for in vitro and in vivo experiments, respectively. Results: We observed clear metabolomics difference between CU and HC. Meanwhile, differential metabolites N6-acetyl-l-lysine, L-aspartate, maleic acid and pyruvic acid all achieved AUC greater than 0.85, presenting their great potential to distinguish CU from HC. More importantly, by exploring the underlying metabolic subtypes of CU, we found that those CU patients with low pyruvic acid and maleic acid showed severe activity of CU, poor efficacy of second-generation H1-antihistamines (sgAHs), and short relapse-free time, which was validated in the independent cohort. Moreover, the supplementation with pyruvate or maleate could significantly attenuate IgE-mediated mast cells activation in vitro and in vivo. Conclusions: The combination of plasma pyruvic acid and maleic acid may be effective biomarkers for predicting the disease activity, therapeutic efficacy as well as prognosis for CU patients.
Time-Dependent Behavior of Lyman$α$ Photon Transfer in High Redshift Optically Thick Medium
Creators: name: Xu, Wen
name: Wu, Xiang-Ping
name: Fang, Li-Zhi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With Monte Carlo simulation method, we investigate the time dependent behavior of Ly$α$ photon transfer in optically thick medium of the concordance $Λ$CDM universe. At high redshift, the Ly$α$ photon escaping from optically thick medium has a time scale as long as the age of the luminous object, or even comparable to the age of the universe. In this case, time-independent, or stationary solutions of the Ly$α$ photon transfer with resonant scattering will overlook important features of the escaped Ly$α$ photons in physical and frequency spaces. More seriously, the expansion of the universe leads to that the time-independent solutions of the Ly$α$ photon transfer may not exist. We show that time-dependent solutions sometimes are essential for understanding the Ly$α$ emission and absorption at high redshifts. For Lyαphotons from sources at redshift 1+z=10 and being surrounded by neutral hydrogen IGM of the $Λ$CDM universe, the escape coefficient is found to be always less, or much less than one, regardless of the age or life time of the sources. Under such environment, we also find that even when the Ly$α$ photon luminosity of the sources is stable, the mean surface brightness is gradually increasing in the first 10^6 years, and then decreasing with a power law of time, but never approaches a stable, time-independent state. That is, all 1+z=10 sources in a neutral Hubble expanding IGM with Ly$α$ luminosity L have their maximum of mean surface brightness ~ 10^{-21}(L/(10^{43}erg/s)) erg s^{-1} cm^{-2} arcsec^{-2} at the age of about 10^6 years. The time-dependent effects on the red damping wing profile are also addressed.
description: 11 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Probabilistic models of damage and repair cost for reinforced concrete structural members
Creators: name: Talachian, Shahrzad
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The context of this thesis is performance-based engineering, in which the prediction of damage is a central theme. In contrast with traditional structural engineering, which focuses on forces and displacements, performance-based engineering entails the consideration of seismic consequences in terms of direct and indirect cost of damage to structures. To account for unavoidable uncertainties in such predictions, a probabilistic approach is adopted in this thesis. Specifically, a methodology is proposed that is based on reliability analysis in conjunction with probabilistic models. The phrase “unified reliability analysis” is employed to describe the approach. Although the framework of models generally includes hazard, structure, and consequence models, it is the damage models that are of particular concern in this thesis. In a novel approach, the visual damage at the structural component level is predicted. Importantly, such models predict “physical quantities” of damage. This is done because it is recognized that repair action selection is the central link between the predicted damage and its associated direct and indirect costs. Hence, in order to predict the repair cost and time associated with seismic events, this study puts forward damage models that are directly utilized to predict the repair action. In turn, this leads to probabilistic estimates of seismic loss by summing contributions from the components in the structure. The probabilistic model development follows a Bayesian framework. This approach builds on linear regression theory and explicitly accounts for uncertainties. Specifically, the coefficients in the linear regression models are random variables. The probabilistic models developed in this thesis facilitate the unified reliability analysis that ultimately determines final loss probabilities. This thesis describes the overall methodology, which is generic and applicable to a wide range of structural components, and applies it to reinforced concrete components. This specific application includes the development of a probabilistic model of crack length in reinforced concrete shear walls.
Negative binomial multiplicity distribution in proton-proton collisions in limited pseudorapidity intervals at LHC up to sqrt (s) = 7 TeV and the clan model
Creators: name: Ghosh, Premomoy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Experiments at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) have measured multiplicity distributions in proton-proton collisions at a new domain of center-of-mass energy ($\sqrt {s}$) in limited pseudorapidity intervals. We analyze multiplicity distribution data of proton-proton collisions at LHC energies as measured by the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) experiment in terms of characteristic parameters of the Negative Binomial Distribution (NBD) function that has played a significant role in describing multiplicity distribution data of particle production in high energy physics experiments, in the pre-LHC energy-range, in various kinds of collisions for a wide range of collision energy and for different kinematic ranges. Beside a single NBD, we apply the formalism of weighted superposition of two NBDs to examine if the multiplicity distribution data of CMS could be better explained. The weighted superposition of two NBDs indeed explain the distribution data better at the highest available LHC energy and in large interval of phase space. The two-NBD formalism further reveals that the energy invariance of the multiplicity distribution of the "soft" component of particle production in hadronic collisions is valid at LHC also, as it is at RHIC and Tevatron. We analyze the data further in terms of clan parameters in the framework of the two-NBD model.
description: 9 pages 8 figures. Accepted for publication in Physical Review D
THE EFFECT OF FACIAL EXPRESSION ASYMMETRY ON THE BELIEVABILITY, APPEAL, AND NATURALNESS OF VIRTUAL AGENTS
Creators: name: Hauser, Klay Max
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 460702
subject: Computer graphics
classificationCode: 460703
subject: Entertainment and gaming
classificationCode: 460704
subject: Interactive narrative
classificationCode: 460705
subject: Procedural content generation

description: With the recent virtualization of our everyday lives and the development of intelligent AI technology, realistic virtual agents are becoming a useful tool for research, education, and entertainment. With virtual agents customized content can be created and individualized for specific users. However, virtual agents are only effective tools if they can form a connection with the individual. To form a connection the virtual agent must be believable.The literature review evaluates topics of virtual agent believability, appeal, and naturalness and how they relate to asymmetry in facial expression animation. The literature suggests that asymmetries can affect the perception of virtual agents. Additionally, it suggests that emulating human behavior is beneficial to increasing perception of believability, appeal, and naturalness.In this study we evaluated the effects of facial expression asymmetry on the believability, appeal, and naturalness of virtual agents. To do this we ran an online perception study with students at Purdue University. We found, in brief, that facial expression asymmetries do have significant effect on the believability, appeal, and naturalness of a virtual agent compared to animations that do not include facial expression asymmetries.
Boletín Fármacos: Economía, Acceso y Precios 2023; 26(2)
Creators: name: Salud y Fármacos
Publisher: name: Salud y Fármacos
Year: 2023
Subjects: Accesibilidad a los medicamentos
Asequibilidad de los medicamentos
Políticas de acceso a medicamentos
Políticas de precios de medicamentos
Innovación de medicamentos
Medicamentos genéricos y biosimilares
Modelos de compras farmacéuticas
Producción pública
Negocio farmacéutico
Industrias farmacéuticas
Novedades sobre la covid
Acceso y precios
América Latina
Canadá y EE UU
Europa y el Reino Unido
Compras
Producción y negocios
Fusiones de empresas

description: Boletín Fármacos es un boletín electrónico de la organización Salud y Fármacos (https://www.saludyfarmacos.org/) que se publica cuatro veces al año: febrero, mayo, agosto y noviembre.

El “Boletín Fármacos: Economía, Acceso y Precios” incluye información sobre la accesibilidad y asequibilidad de los medicamentos, así como sobre las políticas y regulaciones que impiden el acceso a los medicamentos a precios asequibles y las respuestas a esos retos. Además, este volumen incluye información sobre innovación, medicamentos genéricos y biosimilares, modelos de compras que pueden abaratar el costo de los medicamentos, producción pública, el negocio farmacéutico y el desempeño de las industrias farmacéuticas.

Este documento corresponde al 2023, Vol. 26, N°2.
$N\bar D $ system: A challenge for $\bar {\rm P}$ANDA
Creators: name: Carames, T. F.
name: Valcarce, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the $N \bar D$ system by means of a chiral constituent quark model. This model, tuned in the description of the baryon and meson spectra as well as the $NN$ interaction, provides parameter-free predictions for the charm -1 two-hadron systems. The presence of a heavy antiquark makes the interaction rather simple. We have found sharp quark-Pauli effects in some particular channels, generating repulsion, due to lacking degrees of freedom to accommodate the light quarks. Our results point to the existence of an attractive state, the $Δ\bar D^*$ with $(T,S)=(1,5/2)$, presenting a resonance close to threshold. It would show up in the scattering of $\bar D$ mesons on nucleons as a D wave state with quantum numbers $(T)J^P=(1)5/2^-$. This resonance resembles our findings in the $ΔΔ$ system, that offered a plausible explanation to the cross section of double-pionic fusion reactions through the so-called {\it ABC} effect. The study of the interaction of $D$ mesons with nucleons is a goal of the $\bar {\rm P}$ANDA Collaboration at the European facility FAIR and, thus, the present theoretical study is a challenge to be tested at the future experiments.
description: 16 pages, 15 figures, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D
Optimization of Soft Handover for Addis Ababa UMTS Radio Access Network
Creators: name: Nigussie Beyene
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: Handover is an essential radio management technique of mobile communication to enable seamless communication while users move from one cell to another one. To mitigate impacts of interference on cell-edge users, third Generation (3G) supports soft handover where users can be simultaneously served by two or more cells, in addition to hard handover, where a user is served by only one cell. The number of soft handover users and their active cells determine the degree of soft handover overhead. The soft handover overhead data for the year 2018 of Addis Ababa 3G network is 87% average overhead, which is considerably beyond the maximum recommended value. This figure indicates the requirement to optimize the soft handover overhead using the soft handover related network parameters’ configurations
Early Time Modifications to the Buoyancy-Drag Model for Richtmyer-Meshkov mixing
Creators: name: Youngs, David
name: Thornber, Ben
Publisher: name: The University of Sydney
Year: 2020

description: This is a technical report detailing in full the development of a novel Buoyancy Drag model which can accurately represent the growth of a turbulent layer from transitional through to self-similar. It also provides insight into the underlying physics of the mixing layer itself. The Buoyancy-Drag model is a simple model, based on ordinary differential equations, for estimating the growth in the width of a turbulent mixing zone at an interface between fluids of different density due to Richtmyer-Meshkov and Rayleigh-Taylor instabilities. The model is calibrated to give the required self-similar behaviour for mixing in simple situations. However, the early stages of the mixing process are very dependent on the initial conditions and modifications to the Buoyancy-Drag model are then needed to obtain correct results. In a recent paper, Thornber et al. [Phys. Fluids. 29 (2017) 105107], a range of three-dimensional simulation techniques were used to calculate the evolution of the mixing zone integral width due to single-shock Richtmyer-Meshkov mixing from narrowband initial random perturbations. Further analysis of the results of these simulations gives greater insight into the transition from the initial linear behaviour to late-time self-similar mixing and provides a way of modifying the Buoyancy-Drag model to treat the initial conditions accurately. Higher resolution simulations are used to calculate the early time behaviour more accurately and compare with a multi-mode model based on the impulsive linear theory. The analysis of the iLES data also gives a new method for estimating the growth exponent ,q ,(mixing zone width ~ t^q). The estimates of q are consistent with the theoretical model of Elbaz & Shvarts [Physics of Plasmas (2018), 25, 062126].
Medical Education Podcasts, Videocasts, Webinars Library: Categorization of Key Online Resources According to Specialty
Creators: name: Vaska, Marcus
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: medical education
subject: webinars
subject: podcasts
subject: videocasts

description: collection of webinars, podcasts, and videocasts, suitable for medical education; list organized according to medical specialty/discipline
Inference of Time-Evolving Coupled Dynamical Systems in the Presence of Noise
Creators: name: Stankovski, Tomislav
name: Duggento, Andrea
name: McClintock, Peter V. E.
name: Stefanovska, Aneta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new method is introduced for analysis of interactions between time-dependent coupled oscillators, based on the signals they generate. It distinguishes unsynchronized dynamics from noise-induced phase slips, and enables the evolution of the coupling functions and other parameters to be followed. It is based on phase dynamics, with Bayesian inference of the time-evolving parameters achieved by shaping the prior densities to incorporate knowledge of previous samples. The method is tested numerically and applied to reveal and quantify the time-varying nature of cardiorespiratory interactions.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, accepted for Physical Review Letters
Semi-automating questionnaire metadata entry for increased job satisfaction
Creators: name: Oldroyd, Becky
name: Mills, Hayley
name: Li, Jenny
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: CLOSER Discovery is the UK's most comprehensive research tool for longitudinal population studies, containing questionnaire and dataset metadata for 11 leading UK studies. Creating questionnaire metadata can be a time-consuming and challenging task. Historically, CLOSER's Metadata Assistants (MAs) entered the questionnaire metadata into our in-house developed DDI questionnaire editor – Archivist – by manually entering them into the tool. CLOSER are committed to creating enriching and fulfilling jobs, particularly for those who create the content that enables CLOSER Discovery to be an evolving and valuable resource. Subsequently, CLOSER's MA role has advanced from manual metadata *entry* to semi-automated metadata *editing* using GitLab parsers. Gitlab is freely available for educational institutes and open-source software projects, and allows the automation of tasks through a simple interface. These parsers use the available structured information from the studies (e.g., PDF, XML) so that questionnaire metadata can be loaded into Archivist, and then checked and edited. Consequently, our workflow is more efficient with reduced human error and, importantly, the MA role is more fulfilling and allows staff to focus on the aspects that are most engaging and creative. This presentation will provide an overview of CLOSER's GitLab parsers, and explain how they have advanced CLOSER's MA role.
Boletín Fármacos: Agencias Reguladoras 2023; 26(2)
Creators: name: Salud y Fármacos
Publisher: name: Salud y Fármacos
Year: 2023
Subjects: Medicamentos
Agencias reguladoras
Regulación internacional
América Latina
FDA
EMA
Regulación de medicamentos en países de altos ingresos
Regulación de medicamentos en países de medianos y bajos ingresos
Novedades sobre la covid
Europa
EE UU y Canadá
Asia y Oceanía

description: Boletín Fármacos es un boletín electrónico de la organización Salud y Fármacos (https://www.saludyfarmacos.org/) que se publica cuatro veces al año: febrero, mayo, agosto y noviembre.

El "Boletín Fármacos: Agencias Reguladoras" incluye información sobre el desempeño de las agencias reguladoras en materia de medicamentos, tanto las de países de altos ingresos como las de países de medianos y bajos ingresos.

Este documento corresponde al 2023, Vol. 26, N°2.
Siedlungsentwicklung und die Flutkatastrophe 2021: Ursachen und Effekte, eine Fallstudie auf Basis von historischen und offenen Geodaten
Creators: name: Blinn, Mirko
name: Kötter, Theo
name: Fischer, Anne
name: Lautenbach, Sven
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: DFNS 2023

description: Nach der Flutkatastrophe 2021 im Rheinland stellte sich die Frage, inwiefern die Siedlungsentwicklung zu den extremen Schäden für Mensch und Umwelt beigetragen hat und welche Lehren daraus für eine zukünftige nachhaltigere und resiliente Siedlungsentwicklung gezogen werden können. Durch Kombination der Auswertung historischer Informationen zur Siedlungsentwicklung – beginnend mit der Preußischen Uraufnahme des Rheinlandes von 1836 – und der Analyse aktueller offener Geodaten konnten bereits 4 Wochen nach der Flutkatastrophe erste Ergebnisse hierzu präsentiert werden. Anhand einer Fallstudie im Bereich der Stadt Rheinbach im Rhein-Sieg-Kreis wird gezeigt welche Schritte notwendig sind um aktuelle und historische Geodaten innerhalb eines Projektes nutzen und analysieren zu können, wie Probleme adressiert werden können und welche Ergebnisse zu erwarten sind. Mit Hilfe von Open Source Software (QGIS, SAGA, GRASS) wurden folgende Schritte durchgeführt: Erfassung der Siedlungsgrenzen und Landnutzungen für 1836, 1975, 1990, 2000, 2020 Erstellung eines digitalen Geländemodells auf Basis des DGM 1 und Ableitung der Gewässerstruktur und Wassereinzugsgebiete Erfassung kritischer Infrastruktur, wie z. B. Funkmasten auf Basis von OpenStreetMap Erfassung des historischen Gewässernetzes von 1836 Erfassung von Linienstrukturen wie Bahntrassen und Autobahnen Ergänzt wurden diese Informationen durch eigene Fotoaufnahmen sowie Informationen von Anwohnern. Durch Kombination dieser Informationen konnte z. B. sehr gut erklärt werden, welche Aspekte der Siedlungsentwicklung dazu geführt haben, dass in weiten Teilen des Flutgebietes im Rhein-Sieg-Kreis sämtliche digitale Funknetze ausgefallen waren und mit welchen Maßnahmen dies zukünftig verhindert werden könnte. Wider Erwarten stellten nicht die Nutzung und Auswertung von historischen Geodaten die größte Herausforderung dar, sondern Probleme mit der Qualität der aktuellen offenen amtlichen Geodaten. So wies das Basis DLM des Landes NRW auf 1000 Polygonen insgesamt 50 geometrische und topologische Fehler auf, von denen ohne Korrektur 10 jegliche Verarbeitung, beispielsweise Verschneidungen, unmöglich machten. Ein Ansatz, wie diese Probleme teilweise vermieden werden könnten, wird im Vortrages demonstriert.
Nonlinear Color-Metallicity Relations of Globular Clusters. III. On the Discrepancy in Metallicity between Globular Cluster Systems and their Parent Elliptical Galaxies
Creators: name: Yoon, Suk-Jin
name: Lee, Sang-Yoon
name: Blakeslee, John P.
name: Peng, Eric W.
name: Sohn, Sangmo T.
name: Cho, Jaeil
name: Kim, Hak-Sub
name: Chung, Chul
name: Kim, Sooyoung
name: Lee, Young-Wook
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of the conundrums in extragalactic astronomy is the discrepancy in observed metallicity distribution functions (MDFs) between the two prime stellar components of early-type galaxies-globular clusters (GCs) and halo field stars. This is generally taken as evidence of highly decoupled evolutionary histories between GC systems and their parent galaxies. Here we show, however, that new developments in linking the observed GC colors to their intrinsic metallicities suggest nonlinear color-to-metallicity conversions, which translate observed color distributions into strongly-peaked, unimodal MDFs with broad metal-poor tails. Remarkably, the inferred GC MDFs are similar to the MDFs of resolved field stars in nearby elliptical galaxies and those produced by chemical evolution models of galaxies. The GC MDF shape, characterized by a sharp peak with a metal-poor tail, indicates a virtually continuous chemical enrichment with a relatively short timescale. The characteristic shape emerges across three orders of magnitude in the host galaxy mass, suggesting a universal process of chemical enrichment among various GC systems. Given that GCs are bluer than field stars within the same galaxy, it is plausible that the chemical enrichment processes of GCs ceased somewhat earlier than that of field stellar population, and if so, GCs preferentially trace the major, vigorous mode of star formation events in galactic formation. We further suggest a possible systematic age difference among GC systems, in that the GC systems in more luminous galaxies are older. This is consistent with the downsizing paradigm of galaxies and supports additionally the similar nature shared by GCs and field stars. Our findings suggest that GC systems and their parent galaxies have shared a more common origin than previously thought, and hence greatly simplify theories of galaxy formation.
description: 55 pages, 7 figures, 5 tables; Accepted for publication in ApJ
Mitigating phishing threats
Creators: name: Wang, Yunjia
Publisher: name: The University of St Andrews
Year: 2023

description: Due to the rapid development of the Internet, modern daily behaviour has become more efficient and convenient. The Internet has become an indispensable element in our daily life, providing significant resources to people whether for play, work or education. In addition, with the increased universality of mobile devices, a magnitude of services is at our fingertips, the efficiency of our life or work has improved. However, the negative side of this is the increase in cybercrimes, with large losses for both individuals and enterprises. Phishing is currently defined as a criminal mechanism employing both social engineering and technical subterfuge to gather any useful information such as user personal data or financial account credentials. Phishing threats have been in existence for many years, since the establishment of the Internet, and they have continuously evolved and increased in application. So far, phishing attacks have accounted for a large proportion of all malicious attacks, and they are a globally growing threat with an increasing frequency of known attacks. Phishing attacks are a major current cyber threat as they are always cheap to produce and easy to deploy, in particular, due to the development of E-commerce, either to an individual user or organization. For the individual, sensitive credentials are always of interest to phishers due to the development of E-commerce. For an enterprise, a successful phishing attack, such as a subdomain takeover attack, may affect their organization’s reputation as well as cause financial loss. Currently, most security vendors have been using different approaches to prevent phishing attacks. However, these solutions cannot keep up with the constant updating of phishing websites. In this thesis, web phishing attack types are classified into three different categories, from the shallower to the deeper. They are General Phishing Attack, Advanced Phishing Attack and Subdomain Takeover Attacks. The purpose of this thesis is to present an effective mitigation to defend against these phishing threats. From the shallower approach to a deeper, more complex approach, according to our defined categories of phishing threats, the specific mitigations and contributions are presented.
Phytoplankton competition in deep biomass maximum
Creators: name: Ryabov, Alexei B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Resource competition in heterogeneous environments is still an unresolved problem of theoretical ecology. In this article I analyze competition between two phytoplankton species in a deep water column, where the distributions of main resources (light and a limiting nutrient) have opposing gradients and co-limitation by both resources causes a deep biomass maximum. Assuming that the species have a trade-off in resource requirements and the water column is weakly mixed, I apply the invasion threshold analysis (Ryabov and Blasius 2011) to determine relations between environmental conditions and phytoplankton composition. Although species deplete resources in the interior of the water column, the resource levels at the bottom and surface remain high. As a result, the slope of resources gradients becomes a new crucial factor which, rather than the local resource values, determines the outcome of competition. The value of resource gradients nonlinearly depend on the density of consumers. This leads to complex relationships between environmental parameters and species composition. In particular, it is shown that an increase of both the incident light intensity or bottom nutrient concentrations favors the best light competitors, while an increase of the turbulent mixing or background turbidity favors the best nutrient competitors. These results might be important for prediction of species composition in deep ocean.
description: 13 pages, 7 figures; Theoretical Ecology 2012
Boletín Fármacos: Políticas 2023; 26(2)
Creators: name: Salud y Fármacos
Publisher: name: Salud y Fármacos
Year: 2023
Subjects: Políticas de medicamentos
Políticas farmacéuticas
Políticas globales
América Latina
Europa
Estados Unidos y Canadá
Organismos internacionales
Novedades sobre la covid

description: Boletín Fármacos es un boletín electrónico de la organización Salud y Fármacos (https://www.saludyfarmacos.org/) que se publica cuatro veces al año: febrero, mayo, agosto y noviembre.

El "Boletín Fármacos: Políticas" incluye información sobre evaluaciones de políticas de medicamentos, así como las políticas que están en discusión o que han adoptado diferentes países del mundo.

Este documento corresponde al 2023, Vol. 26, N°2.
New ultrahigh pressure phases of H2O ice predicted using an adaptive genetic algorithm
Creators: name: Ji, Min
name: Umemoto, Koichiro
name: Wang, Cai-Zhuang
name: Ho, Kai-Ming
name: Wentzcovitch, Renata M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose three new phases of H2O under ultrahigh pressure. Our structural search was performed using an adaptive genetic algorithm which allows an extensive exploration of crystal structure. The new sequence of pressure-induced transitions beyond ice X at 0 K should be ice X - Pbcm - Pbca - Pmc21 - P21 - P21/c phases. Across the Pmc21 - P21 transition, the coordination number of oxygen increases from 4 to 5 with a significant increase of density. All stable crystalline phases have nonmetallic band structures up to 7 TPa.
Global Work-Injury Policy Database (GWIP): Project Overview and Codebook
Creators: name: Breznau, Nate
name: Lanver, Felix
Publisher: name: Universität Bremen
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Work-Injury Law
subject: Welfare State
subject: Accident Insurance
subject: Workmen's Compensation
subject: Workman's Compensation
subject: Social Insurance
subject: Industrial Revolution
subject: 300

description: The Global Work-Injury Policy Database (GWIP) provides data on the introduction and development of work-injury policy in 186 independent nation states. Work-injury policies were historically known as “workmen’s compensation”, "workman's compensation" and sometimes “accident insurance” among policymakers and scholars. The data include year of introduction of first laws, the types of laws, coverage of blue-collar workers and steps on the path to social insurance laws.
XMM-Newton observations of five INTEGRAL sources located towards the Scutum Arm
Creators: name: Bodaghee, Arash
name: Tomsick, John A.
name: Rodriguez, Jerome
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Results are presented for XMM-Newton observations of five hard X-ray sources discovered by INTEGRAL in the direction of the Scutum Arm. Each source received more than 20 ks of effective exposure time. We provide refined X-ray positions for all five targets enabling us to pinpoint the most likely counterpart in optical/infrared archives. Spectral and timing information (much of which are provided for the first time) allow us to give a firm classification for IGR J18462-0223 and to offer tentative classifications for the others. For IGR J18462-0223, we discovered a coherent pulsation period of 997+-1 s which we attribute to the spin of a neutron star in a highly-obscured (nH = 2e23 /cm2) high-mass X-ray binary (HMXB). This makes IGR J18462-0223 the seventh supergiant fast X-ray transient (SFXT) candidate with a confirmed pulsation period. IGR J18457+0244 is a highly-absorbed (nH = 8e23 /cm2) source in which the possible detection of an iron line suggests an active galactic nucleus (AGN) of type Sey-2 situated at z = 0.07(1). A periodic signal at 4.4 ks could be a quasi-periodic oscillation which would make IGR J18457+0244 one of a handful of AGN in which such features have been claimed, but a slowly-rotating neutron star in an HMXB can not be ruled out. IGR J18482+0049 represents a new obscured HMXB candidate with nH = 4e23 /cm2. We tentatively propose that IGR J18532+0416 is either an AGN or a pulsar in an HMXB system. The X-ray spectral properties of IGR J18538-0102 are consistent with the AGN classification that has been proposed for this source.
description: 15 pages, 9 figures, 4 tables: accepted for publication in ApJ
Boletín Fármacos: Ética y Derecho 2023; 26(2)
Creators: name: Salud y Fármacos
Publisher: name: Salud y Fármacos
Year: 2023
Subjects: Ética
Novedades sobre la covid
Integridad de publicaciones científicas
Integridad de la ciencia
Ensayos clínicos y ética
Sesgos de publicación
Conflictos de interés
Conducta de la industria farmacéutica
Publicidad y promoción de medicamentos
Adulteraciones y falsificaciones de medicamentos
Decomisos
Derecho
Multas y litigios
Litigios por opioides
Litigios por patentes de productos covid
Litigios por abusos y violaciones regulatorias por países, empresas o individuos
Litigios entre empresas

description: Boletín Fármacos es un boletín electrónico de la organización Salud y Fármacos (https://www.saludyfarmacos.org/) que se publica cuatro veces al año: febrero, mayo, agosto y noviembre.

El "Boletín Fármacos: Ética y Derecho" contiene información sobre la integridad de las publicaciones científicas, es decir sobre los sesgos de publicación y como los conflictos de interés afectan la calidad de lo que se publica en las revistas médicas; sobre la conducta de la industria farmacéutica (por ejemplo, las estrategias para maximizar sus beneficios y/o para mejorar su imagen), los conflictos de interés que intervienen en las diferentes fases del ciclo de medicamentos (desde las decisiones sobre el tipo de investigación que se realiza, las relaciones de la industria con los prescriptores y dispensadores de medicamentos, y con los gestores de los sistemas de salud), y las actividades y gastos de la industria en publicidad y promoción. También se incluye información sobre adulteraciones y falsificaciones de medicamentos, y las multas, acuerdos extrajudiciales y resultados de litigios que involucran a los productores o prescriptores de medicamentos.

Este documento corresponde al 2023, Vol. 26, N°2.
A framework for form-based conceptual design in structural engineering
Creators: name: Gedig, Michael
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Conceptual structural design is a process through which structural forms are created. The forms are shaped by a set of design requirements representing the expected function, and by constraints that reflect physical laws and practical limitations. There is no direct mathematical transformation from requirements to a form; the conceptual design process is nonlinear and iterative. Like all creative processes, it is most effective when ideas can be rapidly synthesized, dissolved, combined and evolved. In structural design, these ideas need to be evaluated in the context of performance, functionality, and cost. Conceptual design, compared to later design stages, is characterized by a high degree of uncertainty and a general lack of knowledge. A key objective in conceptual structural design is therefore to rapidly create, modify and evaluate vague or abstract structural forms. This work describes a computational framework to support conceptual structural design, emphasizing the importance of form. Techniques from image processing, pattern recognition and linguistics are used to describe, classify, and reason with forms at high levels of abstraction. Most other computer applications in conceptual structural design describe design concepts in terms of words or through simplified spatial relationships. This work highlights the central role that visual information plays in formulating ideas in conceptual design. The major contributions of this work are an efficient method for synthesizing conceptual designs of discrete structures, and the application of pattern recognition and visual case-based reasoning techniques to conceptual structural design. The framework is directed towards large-scale discrete structures characterized by interconnected linear elements. During synthesis, forms are initially created using topology optimization methods; these forms are processed to extract high level information that supports further structural optimization, including the assessment of stability and relative cost. The high level information is used to describe, classify and store conceptual forms for case-based reasoning. A novel feature of the work is that arbitrary images of shapes may be interpreted as structures by using visual similarity to infer potential boundary conditions, functionality, and behaviour for those shapes. This dissertation gives a complete description of the framework, along with sample applications. A proof-of-concept computer application is also described.
Subalgebras of FA-presentable algebras
Creators: name: Cain, Alan J.
name: Ruškuc, Nik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: Formal Languages and Automata Theory (cs.FL)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 08A30 (Primary) 03D45, 68Q45 (Secondary)

description: Automatic presentations, also called FA-presentations, were introduced to extend finite model theory to infinite structures whilst retaining the solubility of fundamental decision problems. This paper studies FA-presentable algebras. First, an example is given to show that the class of finitely generated FA-presentable algebras is not closed under forming finitely generated subalgebras, even within the class of algebras with only unary operations. However, it is proven that a finitely generated subalgebra of an FA-presentable algebra with a single unary operation is itself FA-presentable. Furthermore, it is proven that the class of unary FA-presentable algebras is closed under forming finitely generated subalgebras, and that the membership problem for such subalgebras is decidable.
description: 19 pages, 6 figures
title: The Hubbub Issue 9
title: News from the Research Hub
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Graduate School of Business Research Hub
Publisher: name: Stanford University Graduate School of Business
Year: 2023

description: This issue features: Altmetric Explorer: A New Tool for Measuring Research Impact, The Perils of ChatGPT, Featured and New Library Resources, Building Exceptional Relationships... Book Launch at SCPKU, News from Research Labs and Initiatives, Training and Workshops, Research Hub Staff Feature, and Recent Faculty Publications.
title:  The Propagation and Execution of Malware in Images
Creators: name: Hall, Piper
Publisher: name: Old Dominion University Libraries
Year: 2023

description: Malware has become increasingly prolific and severe in its consequences as information systems mature and users become more reliant on computing in their daily lives. As cybercrime becomes more complex in its strategies, an often-overlooked manner of propagation is through images. In recent years, several high-profile vulnerabilities in image libraries have opened the door for threat actors to steal money and information from unsuspecting users. This paper will explore the mechanisms by which these exploits function and how they can be avoided.
Mapping the X-Shaped Milky Way Bulge
Creators: name: Saito, Roberto K.
name: Zoccali, Manuela
name: McWilliam, Andrew
name: Minniti, Dante
name: Gonzalez, Oscar A.
name: Hill, Vanessa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyzed the distribution of the RC stars throughout Galactic bulge using 2MASS data. We mapped the position of the red clump in 1 sq.deg. size fields within the area |l|<=8.5deg and $3.5deg<=|b|<=8.5deg, for a total of 170 sq.deg. The red clump seen single in the central area splits into two components at high Galactic longitudes in both hemispheres, produced by two structures at different distances along the same line of sight. The X-shape is clearly visible in the Z-X plane for longitudes close to $l=0 deg axis. Crude measurements of the space densities of RC stars in the bright and faint RC populations are consistent with the adopted RC distances, providing further supporting evidence that the X-structure is real, and that there is approximate front-back symmetry in our bulge fields. We conclude that the Milky Way bulge has an X-shaped structure within $|l|
description: 9 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in AJ