cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Expanding the analysis of mechanisms of action in behavioral interventions: cognitive change versus cognitive activation
Creators: name: Brewer N.T
name: Sheeran P
name: Mendel J.R
name: Avishai A
Publisher: name: Routledge
Year: 2023

description: Objective: To understand the mechanisms of action underlying behavioral interventions, researchers typically examine whether the treatment changes cognitions and whether changes in cognition predict behavior (cognitive change). This current research explores an alternative mechanism whereby the intervention increases the impact of pre-existing cognitions on behavior (cognitive activation). We tested whether cognitive change or cognitive activation explains the impact of cigarette pack messages on smoking restraint. Design: The research comprised a validation experiment (N = 135) and a 4-week RCT (N = 719) with smokers. Main Outcome Measures: At both baseline and follow-up of the RCT, smokers self-reported threat appraisals, coping appraisals, and smoking restraint. Results: Intervention messages heightened the accessibility of threat appraisals compared to control messages (validation experiment). In the RCT, smoking restraint increased among intervention participants but not controls. Trial arm showed no corresponding change in threat or coping appraisals. However, trial arm interacted with baseline health cognitions such that synergies between threat appraisal components, and between threat appraisals and coping appraisals, predicted smoking restraint for intervention participants but not for controls. Conclusion: Our findings support a cognitive activation process whereby health messages on cigarette packs increase the impact of pre-existing threat appraisals on smoking restraint.
Quark-Lepton Flavor Democracy and the Non-Existence of the Fourth Generation
Creators: name: Cvetic, G.
name: Kim, C. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the Standard Model with two Higgs doublets (type II), which has a consistent trend to a flavor gauge theory and its related flavor democracy in the quark and the leptonic sectors (unlike the minimal Standard Model) when the energy of the probes increases, we impose the mixed quark-lepton flavor democracy at high ``transition'' energy and assume the usual see-saw mechanism, and consequently find out that the existence of the fourth generation of fermions in this framework is practically ruled out.
description: 12 pages, (4 figures available upon request), DO-TH-94-09, YUMS 94-10, SNUTP 94-35
The Nature of Radio Emission from Distant Galaxies: The 1.4 GHz Observations
Creators: name: Richards, E. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have conducted a deep radio survey with the Very Large Array at 1.4 GHz of a region containing the Hubble Deep Field. This survey overlaps previous observations at 8.5 GHz allowing us to investigate the radio spectral properties of microjansky sources to flux densities greater than 40 $μ$Jy at 1.4 GHz and greater than 8 $μ$Jy at 8.5 GHz. A total of 371 sources have been catalogued at 1.4 GHz as part of a complete sample within 20\arcmin ~of the HDF. The differential source count for this region is only marginally sub-Euclidean and is given by $n(S) = (8.3 \pm 0.4) S^{-2.4 \pm 0.1}$ sr$^{-1}$Jy$^{-1}$. Above about 100 $μ$Jy the radio source count is systematically lower in the HDF as compared to other fields. We conclude that there is clustering in our radio sample on size scales of 1\arcmin - 40\arcmin \. The 1.4 GHz selected sample shows that the radio spectral indices are preferentially steep ($\barα_{1.4} = 0.85 $) and the sources are moderately extended with average angular size $θ$ = 1.8\arcsec . Optical identification with disk-type systems at $z \sim $ 0.5-0.8 suggests that synchrotron emission, produced by supernovae remnants, is powering the radio emission in the majority of sources. The 8.5 GHz sample contains primarily moderately flat spectrum sources ($\barα_{8.5} = 0.35$), with less than 15% inverted. We argue that we may be observing an increased fraction of optically thin bremsstrahlung over synchrotron radiation in these distant star-forming galaxies.
description: 31 pages, 5 tables, 10 figures, to appear in Jan. 2000 ApJ
Explaining higher Covid-19 vaccination among some US primary care professionals
Creators: name: Thompson P
name: Brewer N.T
name: Huang Q
name: Dailey S.A
name: Grabert B.K
name: Gilkey M.B
Publisher: name: Elsevier Ltd
Year: 2022

description: Background and objective: Research in several countries shows higher Covid-19 vaccination willingness and uptake among physicians than nurses. Our paper aims to characterize and explain this difference. Methods: In early 2021, we surveyed 1047 U.S. primary care professionals who served adolescents, ages 11–17. The national sample included physicians (71%) as well as nurses and advanced practice providers. The survey assessed the three domains of the Increasing Vaccination Model: thinking and feeling, social processes, and direct behavior change. Results: Covid-19 vaccine uptake was higher among physicians than among nurses and advanced practice providers (91% vs. 76%, p < .05). Overall, in the thinking and feeling domain, higher confidence in Covid-19 vaccination, higher perceived susceptibility to the disease, and stronger anticipated regret were associated with higher vaccine uptake (all p < .05). In the social processes domain, perceiving more positive social norms for Covid-19 vaccination, receiving recommendations to get the vaccine, and wanting to help others were associated with higher vaccine uptake (all p < .05). In the direct behavior change domain, receiving an invitation to get the vaccine and better access to vaccination were associated with higher uptake (both p < .05). Of these variables, most of the thinking and feeling and social processes variables mediated the association of training with vaccine uptake. Conclusions: Physicians had higher Covid-19 vaccine uptake than nurses and advanced practice providers, corresponding with their more supportive vaccine beliefs and social experiences. Efforts to reach the remaining unvaccinated cohort can build on these findings.
Additional file 4 of MYCN protein stability is a better prognostic indicator in neuroblastoma
Creators: name: Yang, Yi
name: Zhao, Jie
name: Zhang, Yingwen
name: Feng, Tianyue
name: Yv, Bo
name: Wang, Jing
name: Gao, Yijin
name: Yin, Minzhi
name: Tang, Jingyan
name: Li, Yanxin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 4.
Numerical Simulations of Dynamic Interaction Between Waves and Thrust Fault Ruptures Reaching the Free Surface: Dynamic Effects of the Break of Symmetry
Creators: name: Scala, Antonio
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 40407 Seismology and Seismic Exploration
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Data relative to the results presented in the paper "Numerical Simulations of Dynamic Interaction Between Waves and Thrust Fault Ruptures Reaching the Free Surface: Dynamic Effects of the Break of Symmetry"
by Scala A. et al.
title: Das Politisierungsparadox. Warum der Rechtspopulismus nicht gegen Entpolitisierung und Ungleichheit hilft
Creators: name: Dormal, Michel
name: Mauer, Heike
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Geschlechterverhältnis
subject: Politik
subject: Rechtsextremismus
subject: Rechtspopulismus
subject: ddc:320 Politikwissenschaft
subject: ddc:320

description: Der Beitrag kritisiert die bei linken Autorinnen und Autoren beliebte These, der zufolge der Rechtspopulismus trotz seiner problematischen Züge den politischen Möglichkeitsraum erweitere, indem er einen entpolitisierten Liberalismus überwinde und soziale Ungleichheit wieder auf die Agenda setze. Die im Beitrag vertretene Gegenthese lautet, dass der Rechtspopulismus selbst konstitutiv eine spezifische Form der Entpolitisierung und der Naturalisierung von Ungleichheit darstellt. Eine wichtige Dimension dieser Naturalisierung von Ungleichheit stellen die gesellschaftlichen Geschlechterverhältnisse dar. Die Angriffe auf die Demokratisierung der Geschlechterverhältnisse durch den Rechtspopulismus sind keine zufälligen Verirrungen, die dem Phänomen äußerlich wären. Vielmehr offenbart gerade die antifeministische Obsession, dass es dem Rechtspopulismus nicht darum geht, gesellschaftliche Verhältnisse zu politisieren, sondern darum, sie in autoritärer Weise zu stabilisieren. Um den Doppelcharakter zu fassen, der darin liegt, dass der Populismus zwar quantitativ durchaus für eine Mobilisierung vormals politikverdrossener Milieus sorgt, qualitativ aber maßgeblich die Entpolitisierung des Zusammenlebens betreibt, wird der Begriff des Politisierungsparadoxes eingeführt.
Serpula arenaria Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Annelida
Polychaeta
Sabellida
Serpulidae
Serpula
Serpula arenaria

description: Serpula arenaria [spec. nov.]
S. testa subangulata articulata integra distincta.
Bonan. recr. 1. t. 20. f. C.
Rumph. mus. t. 41. f. E. Solen arenarius.
Gvalt. test. t. 10. f. L. N.
Habitat in Indiis.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 787, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Additional file 2 of Prognostic significance of different molecular typing methods and immune status based on RNA sequencing in HR-positive and HER2-negative early-stage breast cancer
Creators: name: Ren, Xinyu
name: Song, Yu
name: zhang, Yanna
name: Wu, Huanwen
name: Chen, Longyun
name: Pang, Junyi
name: Zhou, Liangrui
name: Shen, Songjie
name: Liang, Zhiyong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 2: Supplementary table 1. Genes detected in this study. Supplementary table 2. The PAM50 molecular subtype of tumors from patients with local recurrence, distant metastasis, or death.
Results from phase 1 of the HAYSTAC microwave cavity axion experiment
Creators: name: Zhong, L.
name: Kenany, S. Al
name: Backes, K. M.
name: Brubaker, B. M.
name: Cahn, S. B.
name: Carosi, G.
name: Gurevich, Y. V.
name: Kindel, W. F.
name: Lamoreaux, S. K.
name: Lehnert, K. W.
name: Lewis, S. M.
name: Malnou, M.
name: Maruyama, R. H.
name: Palken, D. A.
name: Rapidis, N. M.
name: Root, J. R.
name: Simanovskaia, M.
name: Shokair, T. M.
name: Speller, D. H.
name: Urdinaran, I.
name: van Bibber, K. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the results from a search for dark matter axions with the HAYSTAC experiment using a microwave cavity detector at frequencies between 5.6-5.8$\, \rm Ghz$. We exclude axion models with two photon coupling $g_{aγγ}\,\gtrsim\,2\times10^{-14}\,\rm GeV^{-1}$, a factor of 2.7 above the benchmark KSVZ model over the mass range 23.15$\,
The S2 VLBI Correlator: A Correlator for Space VLBI and Geodetic Signal Processing
Creators: name: Carlson, B. R.
name: Dewdney, P. E.
name: Burgess, T. A.
name: Casorso, R. V.
name: Petrachenko, W. T.
name: Cannon, W. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe the design of a correlator system for ground and space-based VLBI. The correlator contains unique signal processing functions: flexible LO frequency switching for bandwidth synthesis; 1 ms dump intervals, multi-rate digital signal-processing techniques to allow correlation of signals at different sample rates; and a digital filter for very high resolution cross-power spectra. It also includes autocorrelation, tone extraction, pulsar gating, signal-statistics accumulation.
description: 44 pages, 13 figures
Experimental increase of blood glucose alters resting state EEG measures of excitation–inhibition balance
Creators: name: Walker C.P
name: Buse J.B
name: Frohlich F
Publisher: name: Blackwell Publishing Ltd
Year: 2021

description: New Findings: What is the central question of this study? Glucose is the dominant energy source for the brain. However, little is known about how glucose metabolism impacts the coordination of network activity in the brain in healthy adults. What is the main finding and its importance? We demonstrate that both α oscillations and the aperiodic signal components of the resting EEG are modulated by experimentally elevated blood glucose concentrations. Our findings suggest that glucose increases measures associated with excitation–inhibition (E:I) balance, but that the effect on α oscillations might plateau. Understanding the relationship between glucose consumption and E:I balance is crucial to developing our understanding of how metabolism shapes human brain activity. Abstract: Brain network oscillations can be divided broadly into periodic and aperiodic signal components, which are sensitive to state-dependent changes in network coordination and excitation–inhibition (E:I) balance. We sought to address whether the dominant energy source of the brain, glucose, is implicated in the regulation of network activity and excitability. We conducted an experimenter-blind, crossover study of the effect of blood glucose level (BGL) on the resting EEG frequency spectrum. Participants consumed a glucose drink (75 g glucose) or an equivalent volume of water on two separate visits. EEG data were sampled before and ≤3 h after the drink. We found that the experimentally induced changes in BGL exhibited an inverted U-shaped relationship, with changes in the individual α frequency peak, whereas the slope of the aperiodic signal component of the frequency spectrum showed a positive linear association suggestive of greater excitation. In contrast, peak α power, which is typically associated with top-down inhibitory processes, was negatively associated with changes in BGL. Collectively, these results suggest that high BGL alters brain network coordination in the form of α oscillations and measures associated with E:I balance.
Serpula anguina Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Annelida
Polychaeta
Sabellida
Serpulidae
Serpula
Serpula anguina

description: Serpula anguina [spec. nov.]
S. testa teretiuscula, fissura longitudinali subarticulata.
Rumph. mus. t. 41. f. H. Solen anguinus.
Argenv. conch. t. 29. f. H.
List. conch. 4. s. 3. f. 2.
Rumph. mus. t. 41. f. 2.
Gvalt. test. t. 10. f. Z.
Habitat in India.
Polymorpha, sed distinctissima rima sua articulata, quamvis magnitudine diversissima.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on pages 787-788, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
The Scalability of Atomic Escape Velocity and the Analogy with Planetary Gravity
Creators: name: Passolungo, Simone
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: In this study, we formalize a powerful analogy between the liberation of an electron from an atom (ionization) and the escape of an object from a gravitational body (planetary escape velocity). We demonstrate how a logical and scalable structure underlies both phenomena, rigorously applicable through known physical laws
IN00535 - National Museum Charter of Bhuluṇḍa, Year 52
Creators: name: Balogh, Dániel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: [caption id="attachment_5892" align="alignnone" width="300"] Copper-plate charter of mahārāja Bhuluṇḍa, front face (National Museum of India).[/caption]
Exposure to prenatal maternal distress and infant white matter neurodevelopment
Creators: name: Al-Ali, K
name: Hankin, B.L
name: Garcia, S.E
name: Demers, C.H
name: Bagonis, M.M
name: Styner, M.A
name: Davis, E.P
name: Gilmore, J.H
name: Hoffman, M.C
Publisher: name: Cambridge University Press
Year: 2021

description: The prenatal period represents a critical time for brain growth and development. These rapid neurological advances render the fetus susceptible to various influences with life-long implications for mental health. Maternal distress signals are a dominant early life influence, contributing to birth outcomes and risk for offspring psychopathology. This prospective longitudinal study evaluated the association between prenatal maternal distress and infant white matter microstructure. Participants included a racially and socioeconomically diverse sample of 85 mother-infant dyads. Prenatal distress was assessed at 17 and 29 weeks' gestational age (GA). Infant structural data were collected via diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) at 42-45 weeks' postconceptional age. Findings demonstrated that higher prenatal maternal distress at 29 weeks' GA was associated with increased fractional anisotropy, b =.283, t(64) = 2.319, p =.024, and with increased axial diffusivity, b =.254, t(64) = 2.067, p =.043, within the right anterior cingulate white matter tract. No other significant associations were found with prenatal distress exposure and tract fractional anisotropy or axial diffusivity at 29 weeks' GA, or earlier in gestation.
Spontaneous CSF fistula and ethmoidal meningoencephalocele. How to act.
Creators: name: Elena Martín Bejerano
name: Antonio Martínez Ruiz- Coello
name: Beatriz Arellano Rodríguez
name: Mayte Pinilla Urraca*
Publisher: name: Escientific Publishers
Year: 2024

description: Abstract

This case report describes the presentation, diagnosis and management of a patient with an ethmoidal meningoencephalocele. A transethmoidal encephalocele is a rare entity within skull base encephaloceles. Typical symptoms are nonspecific and consist on nasal obstruction, clear rhinorrhea or even, they can present as an intracranial complication. Early diagnosis and treatment are essential in this case to avoid serious intracranial complications, with endoscopic approach being the gold standard.
Simulations of Nonthermal Electron Transport in Multidimensional Flows: Application to Radio Galaxies
Creators: name: Jones, T. W.
name: Tregillis, I. L.
name: Ryu, Dongsu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have developed an economical, effective numerical scheme for cosmic-ray transport suitable for treatment of electrons up to a few hundreds of GeV in multidimensional simulations of radio galaxies. The method follows the electron population in sufficient detail to allow computation of synthetic radio and X-ray observations of the simulated sources, including spectral properties (see the companion paper by Tregillis et al. 1999). The cosmic-ray particle simulations can follow the effects of shock acceleration, second-order Fermi acceleration as well as radiative and adiabatic energy losses. We have applied this scheme to 2-D and 3-D MHD simulations of jet-driven flows and have begun to explore links between dynamics and the properties of high energy electron populations in radio lobes. The key initial discovery is the great importance to the high energy particle population of the very unsteady and inhomogeneous flows, especially near the end of the jet. Because of this, in particular, our simulations show that a large fraction of the particle population flowing from the jet into the cocoon never passes through strong shocks. The shock strengths encountered are not simply predicted by 1-D models, and are quite varied. Consequently, the emergent electron spectra are highly heterogeneous. Rates of synchrotron aging in "hot-spots" seem similarly to be very uneven, enhancing complexity in the spectral properties of electrons as they emerge into the lobes and making more difficult the task of comparing dynamical and radiative ages.
description: 7 pages, 1 figure; to appear in Life Cycles of Radio Galaxies, ed. J. Biretta et al., New Astronomy Reviews
Extracellular free water elevations are associated with brain volume and maternal cytokine response in a longitudinal nonhuman primate maternal immune activation model
Creators: name: Carter, C.S
name: Ryan, A.M
name: Iosif, A.-M
name: Styner, M.A
name: Bennett, J
name: Geschwind, D.H
name: Maddock, R.J
name: Tanase, C
name: Bauman, M.D
name: Hogrefe, C.E
name: Van de Water, J
name: Vlasova, R.M
name: Lesh, T.A
name: McAllister, A.K
Publisher: name: Springer Nature
Year: 2023

description: Maternal infection has emerged as an important environmental risk factor for neurodevelopmental disorders, including schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorders. Animal model systems of maternal immune activation (MIA) suggest that the maternal immune response plays a significant role in the offspring’s neurodevelopment and behavioral outcomes. Extracellular free water is a measure of freely diffusing water in the brain that may be associated with neuroinflammation and impacted by MIA. The present study evaluates the brain diffusion characteristics of male rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) born to MIA-exposed dams (n = 14) treated with a modified form of the viral mimic polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid at the end of the first trimester. Control dams received saline injections at the end of the first trimester (n = 10) or were untreated (n = 4). Offspring underwent diffusion MRI scans at 6, 12, 24, 36, and 45 months. Offspring born to MIA-exposed dams showed significantly increased extracellular free water in cingulate cortex gray matter starting as early as 6 months of age and persisting through 45 months. In addition, offspring gray matter free water in this region was significantly correlated with the magnitude of the maternal IL-6 response in the MIA-exposed dams. Significant correlations between brain volume and extracellular free water in the MIA-exposed offspring also indicate converging, multimodal evidence of the impact of MIA on brain development. These findings provide strong evidence for the construct validity of the nonhuman primate MIA model as a system of relevance for investigating the pathophysiology of human neurodevelopmental psychiatric disorders. Elevated free water in individuals exposed to immune activation in utero could represent an early marker of a perturbed or vulnerable neurodevelopmental trajectory.
Community Interaction and Conflict on the Web
Creators: name: Kumar, Srijan
name: Hamilton, William L.
name: Leskovec, Jure
name: Jurafsky, Dan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Users organize themselves into communities on web platforms. These communities can interact with one another, often leading to conflicts and toxic interactions. However, little is known about the mechanisms of interactions between communities and how they impact users. Here we study intercommunity interactions across 36,000 communities on Reddit, examining cases where users of one community are mobilized by negative sentiment to comment in another community. We show that such conflicts tend to be initiated by a handful of communities---less than 1% of communities start 74% of conflicts. While conflicts tend to be initiated by highly active community members, they are carried out by significantly less active members. We find that conflicts are marked by formation of echo chambers, where users primarily talk to other users from their own community. In the long-term, conflicts have adverse effects and reduce the overall activity of users in the targeted communities. Our analysis of user interactions also suggests strategies for mitigating the negative impact of conflicts---such as increasing direct engagement between attackers and defenders. Further, we accurately predict whether a conflict will occur by creating a novel LSTM model that combines graph embeddings, user, community, and text features. This model can be used toreate early-warning systems for community moderators to prevent conflicts. Altogether, this work presents a data-driven view of community interactions and conflict, and paves the way towards healthier online communities.
description: In WWW 2018: The Web Conference. Project website with data and code is https://snap.stanford.edu/conflict/
Deconstructing a galaxy: colour distributions of point sources in Messier 83
Creators: name: Kiar, A.
name: Barmby, P.
name: Hidalgo, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: What do we see when we look at a nearby, well-resolved galaxy? Thousands of individual sources are detected in multiband imaging observations of even a fraction of a nearby galaxy, and characterizing those sources is a complex process. This work analyses a ten-band photometric catalogue of nearly 70 000 point sources in a 7.3 square arcmin region of the nearby spiral galaxy Messier 83, made as part of the Early Release Science programme with the Hubble Space Telescope's Wide Field Camera 3. Colour distributions were measured for both broad-band and broad-and-narrow-band colours; colours made from broad-bands with large wavelength differences generally had broader distributions although B - V was an exception. Two- and three-dimensional colour spaces were generated using various combinations of four bands and clustered with the K-Means and Mean Shift algorithms. Neither algorithm was able to consistently segment the colour distributions: while some distinct features in colour space were apparent in visual examinations, these features were not compact or isolated enough to be recognized as clusters in colour space. K-Means clustering of the UBVI colour space was able to identify a group of objects more likely to be star clusters. Mean Shift was successful in identifying outlying groups at the edges of colour distributions. For identifying objects whose emission is dominated by spectral lines, there was no clear benefit from combining narrow-band photometry in multiple bands compared to a simple continuum subtraction. The clustering analysis results are used to inform recommendations for future surveys of nearby galaxies.
description: 15 pages, 12 figures
External applicability of the Effect of ticagrelor on Health Outcomes in diabEtes Mellitus patients Intervention Study (THEMIS) trial: An analysis of patients with diabetes and coronary artery disease in the REduction of Atherothrombosis for Continued Health (REACH) registry
Creators: name: Ohman, E.M
name: Steg, P.G
name: Petrov, I
name: Elbez, Y
name: Simon, T
name: Lev, E
name: Bueno, H
name: Smith, Jr., S.C
name: Eagle, K.A
name: Mehta, S.R
name: REACH Registry Investigators
name: Fox, K
name: Pais, P
name: Abtan, J
name: Leiter, L.A
name: Goto, S
name: Sinnaeve, P.R
name: Bhatt, D.L
name: Ducrocq, G
name: Wilson, P
name: Harrington, R.A
Publisher: name: Elsevier Ireland Ltd
Year: 2023

description: Aims: THEMIS is a double-blind, randomized trial of 19,220 patients with diabetes mellitus and stable coronary artery disease (CAD) comparing ticagrelor to placebo, in addition to aspirin. The present study aimed to describe the proportion of patients eligible and reasons for ineligibility for THEMIS within a population of patients with diabetes and CAD included in the Reduction of Atherothrombosis for Continued Health (REACH) registry. Methods and results: The THEMIS eligibility criteria were applied to REACH patients. THEMIS included patients ≥50 years with type 2 diabetes and stable CAD as determined by either a history of previous percutaneous coronary intervention, coronary artery bypass grafting, or documentation of angiographic stenosis of ≥50% of at least one coronary artery. Patients with prior myocardial infarction or stroke were excluded. In REACH, 10,156 patients had stable CAD and diabetes. Of these, 6515 (64.1%) patients had at least one exclusion criteria. From the remaining population, 784 patients did not meet inclusion criteria (7.7%) mainly due to absence of aspirin treatment (7.2%), yielding a ‘THEMIS-eligible population’ of 2857 patients (28.1% of patients with diabetes and stable CAD). The main reasons for exclusion were a history of myocardial infarction (53.1%), use of oral anticoagulation (14.5%), or history of stroke (12.9%). Among the 4208 patients with diabetes and a previous PCI, 1196 patients (28.4%) were eligible for inclusion in the THEMIS-PCI substudy. Conclusions: In a population of patients with diabetes and stable coronary artery disease, a sizeable proportion appear to be ‘THEMIS eligible.’ Clinical trial registration: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT01991795
Simulations of Nonthermal Electron Transport in Multidimensional Flows: Synthetic Observations of Radio Galaxies
Creators: name: Tregillis, I. L.
name: Jones, T. W.
name: Ryu, Dongsu
name: Park, Charles
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have applied an effective numerical scheme for cosmic-ray transport to 3D MHD simulations of jet flow in radio galaxies (see the companion paper by Jones et al. 1999). The marriage of relativistic particle and 3D magnetic field information allows us to construct a rich set of ``synthetic observations'' of our simulated objects. The information is sufficient to calculate the ``true'' synchrotron emissivity at a given frequency using explicit information about the relativistic electrons. This enables us to produce synchrotron surface-brightness maps, including polarization. Inverse-Compton X-ray surface-brightness maps may also be produced. First results intended to explore the connection between jet dynamics and electron transport in radio lobes are discussed. We infer lobe magnetic field values by comparison of synthetically observed X-ray and synchrotron fluxes, and find these ``inverse-Compton'' fields to be quite consistent with the actual RMS field averaged over the lobe. The simplest minimum energy calculation from the synthetic observations also seems to agree with the actual simulated source properties.
description: 7 pages, 1 figure; to appear in Life Cycles of Radio Galaxies, ed. J. Biretta et al., New Astronomy Reviews
Serpula penis [f] Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Annelida
Polychaeta
Sabellida
Serpulidae
Serpula
Serpula penis [f]

description: Serpula penis [f] [spec. nov.]
S. testa tereti recta extremitate radiata: disco poris cylindricis.
Bonan. kirch. 1. t. 38.
List. conch. 4. s. 3. f. 3.
Rumph. mus. t. 41. f. 7.
Gvalt. test. t. 10. f. M.
Argenv. conch. t. 7. f. G.
Habitat ad Amboinam.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 788, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Factors Associated With County-Level Variation in Premature Mortality Due to Noncommunicable Chronic Disease in the United States, 1999-2017
Creators: name: Trisolini, M.G
name: Jin, Y
name: LaBresh, K.A
name: Song, S
name: Smith, Jr., S.C
name: Zheng, Z.-J
Publisher: name: NLM (Medline)
Year: 2020

description: Importance: Progress against premature death due to noncommunicable chronic disease (NCD) has stagnated. In the United States, county-level variation in NCD premature mortality has widened, which has impeded progress toward mortality reduction for the World Health Organization (WHO) 25 × 25 target. Objectives: To estimate variations in county-level NCD premature mortality, to investigate factors associated with mortality, and to present the progress toward achieving the WHO 25 × 25 target by analyzing the trends in mortality. Design, Setting, and Participants: This cross-sectional study focused on NCD premature mortality and its factors from 3109 counties using US mortality data for cause of death from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention WONDER databases and county-level characteristics data from multiple databases. Data were collected from January 1, 1999, through December 31, 2017, and analyzed from April 1 through October 28, 2019. Exposures: County-level factors, including demographic composition, socioeconomic features, health care environment, and population health status. Main Outcomes and Measures: Variations in county-level, age-adjusted NCD mortality in the US residents aged 25 to 64 years and associations between mortality and the 4 sets of county-level factors. Results: A total of 6 794 434 deaths due to NCD were recorded during the study period (50.58% women; 16.49% aged 65 years or older). Mortality decreased by 4.30 (95% CI, -4.54 to -4.08) deaths per 100 000 person-years annually from 1999 to 2010 (P < .001) and decreased annually at a rate of 0.90 (95% CI, -1.13 to -0.73) deaths per 100 000 person-years annually from 2010 to 2017 (P < .001). Mortality in the county with the highest mortality was 10.40 times as high as that in the county with the lowest mortality (615.40 vs 59.20 per 100 000 population) in 2017. Geographic inequality was decomposed by between-state and within-state differences, and within-state differences accounted for most inequality (57.10% in 2017). County-level factors were associated with 71.83% variation in NCD mortality. Association with intercounty mortality was 19.51% for demographic features, 23.34% for socioeconomic composition, 16.40% for health care environment, and 40.75% for health-status characteristics. Conclusions and Relevance: Given the stagnated trend of decline and increasing variations in NCD premature mortality, these findings suggest that the WHO 25 × 25 target appears to be unattainable, which may be related to broad failure by United Nations members to follow through on commitments of reducing socioeconomic inequalities. The increasing inequalities in mortality are alarming and warrant expanded multisectoral efforts to ameliorate socioeconomic disparities.
Supplementary Material for: Comparison of Multiple Treatment Planning Techniques for High-Grade Glioma Tumors Near to Critical Organs
Creators: name: Bas Ayata, H.
name: Ceylan, C.
name: Kılıç, A.
name: Güden, M.
name: Engin, K.
Publisher: name: Karger Publishers
Year: 2018
Subjects: Medicine

description: Aim: The purpose of this study was to compare 6 treatment planning methods (5-beam coplanar intensitymodulated radiotherapy (IMRT), 7-beam coplanar IMRT, 7-beam noncoplanar IMRT, 2 full arc coplanar volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT), 2 half partial arc coplanar VMAT, and 2 half partial arc noncoplanar VMAT) for high-grade gliomas with planning target volumes (PTVs) overlapping the optic pathway and/or brainstem. Patients and Methods: 27 previously-treated patients with high-grade gliomas were replanned for treatment with IMRT5, IMRT7, IMRT7-non, VMAT2f, VMAT2h, and VMAT2h-non. In order to perform a comparative study of the treatment outcomes, 3 tumor localizations (rightsided, left-sided, and central tumors) were selected. Patients were administered a PTV dose of 60 Gy in 30 fractions with a maximum permitted dose of 110%. Results: Comparison of the 3 IMRT plans and 3 VMAT plans was performed for all 27 patients. The median conformity index was significantly higher (p < 0.05) in all IMRT plans compared to all VMAT plans in the case of right sided tumors. Significant differences were also observed between coplanar and noncoplanar plans in IMRT and VMAT in right-sided tumors (p < 0.05). Differences in brainstem mean doses were only found to be significant between coplanar and noncoplanar plans in centrally-located tumors. In right- and left-sided tumors, the VMAT2f plans demonstrated higher values than all IMRT plans in their mean values for radiation doses to the ipsilateral optic nerves, contralateral optic nerves, ipsilateral lens, ipsilateral eye, contralateral lens, contralateral eye, and contralateral optic nerves, as well in the maximums for the optic chiasm and contralateral optic nerves. Significantly faster treatment times were achieved with all VMAT plans compared to IMRT plans. Conclusion: IMRT techniques provided better target coverage than VMAT plans. However, VMAT techniques reduced treatment delivery time more than IMRT techniques. Technique selection for tumors located in 3 different localizations should be individualized in accordance with patients’ specific parameters.
Additional file 5 of MYCN protein stability is a better prognostic indicator in neuroblastoma
Creators: name: Yang, Yi
name: Zhao, Jie
name: Zhang, Yingwen
name: Feng, Tianyue
name: Yv, Bo
name: Wang, Jing
name: Gao, Yijin
name: Yin, Minzhi
name: Tang, Jingyan
name: Li, Yanxin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 5.
Super-radiant emission from quantum dots in a nanophotonic waveguide
Creators: name: Kim, Je-Hyung
name: Aghaeimeibodi, Shahriar
name: Richardson, Christopher J. K.
name: Leavitt, Richard P.
name: Waks, Edo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Future scalable photonic quantum information processing relies on the ability of integrating multiple interacting quantum emitters into a single chip. Quantum dots provide ideal on-chip quantum light sources. However, achieving quantum interaction between multiple quantum dots on-a-chip is a challenging task due to the randomness in their frequency and position, requiring local tuning technique and long-range quantum interaction. Here, we demonstrate quantum interactions between distant two quantum dots on a nanophotonic waveguide. We achieve a photon-mediated long-range interaction by integrating the quantum dots to the same optical mode of a nanophotonic waveguide and overcome spectral mismatch by incorporating on-chip thermal tuners. We observe their quantum interactions of the form of super-radiant emission, where the two dots collectively emit faster than each dot individually. Creating super-radiant emission from integrated quantum emitters could enable compact chip-integrated photonic structures that exhibit long-range quantum interactions. Therefore, these results represent a major step towards establishing photonic quantum information processors composed of multiple interacting quantum emitters on a semiconductor chip.
description: 23 pages, 7 figures,
Document Classification Using Distributed Machine Learning
Creators: name: Aydin, Galip
name: Hallac, Ibrahim Riza
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we investigate the performance and success rates of Naïve Bayes Classification Algorithm for automatic classification of Turkish news into predetermined categories like economy, life, health etc. We use Apache Big Data technologies such as Hadoop, HDFS, Spark and Mahout, and apply these distributed technologies to Machine Learning.
What altmetrics can tell us about the “real world” impacts of books
Creators: name: Altmetric Engineering
name: Konkiel, Stacy
name: Adie, Euan
Publisher: name: Altmetric
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 160511 Research, Science and Technology Policy
subject: FOS: Political science

description: White paper which explores the online attention data for published books and chapters
Path-integral representation of diluted pedestrian dynamics
Creators: name: Corbetta, Alessandro
name: Toschi, Federico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We frame the issue of pedestrian dynamics modeling in terms of path-integrals, a formalism originally introduced in quantum mechanics to account for the behavior of quantum particles, later extended to quantum field theories and to statistical physics. Path-integration enables a trajectory-centric representation of the pedestrian motion, directly providing the probability of observing a given trajectory. This appears as the most natural language to describe the statistical properties of pedestrian dynamics in generic settings. In a given venue, individual trajectories can belong to many possible usage patterns and, within each of them, they can display wide variability. We provide first a primer on path-integration, and we introduce and discuss the path-integral functional probability measure for pedestrian dynamics in the diluted limit. As an illustrative example, we connect the path-integral description to a Langevin model that we developed previously for a particular crowd flow condition (the flow in a narrow corridor). Building on our previous real-life measurements, we provide a quantitatively correct path-integral representation for this condition. Finally, we show how the path-integral formalism can be used to evaluate the probability of rare-events (in the case of the corridor, U-turns).
Revisiting Spatial-Dependent Propagation Model with Latest Observations of Cosmic Ray Nuclei
Creators: name: Liu, Wei
name: Yao, Yu-hua
name: Guo, Yi-Qing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently AMS-02 collaboration publish their measurements of light cosmic-ray nuclei, including lithium, beryllium, boron, carbon and oxygen. All of them reveal a prominent excess above $\sim$ 200 GV, coinciding with proton and helium. Particularly, the secondary cosmic rays even harden than the primary components above that break. One of the viable interpretations for above anomalies is the spatial-dependent diffusion process. Such model has been successfully applied to multiple observational phenomena, for example primary cosmic ray nuclei, diffuse gamma ray and anisotropy. In this work, we investigate the spatial-dependent propagation model in light of the new observational data. We find that such model is able to explain the upturn of secondary spectrum as well as the primary's. All the spectra can be well reproduced and the calculated ratios are also in good agreement with the observations.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
Massive two--loop diagrams: The Higgs propagator
Creators: name: Ghinculov, A.
name: van der Bij, J. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Formulae are provided to express any two-loop scalar integral with arbitrary masses and arbitrary external momenta in terms of an integral of one fairly simple function or of its derivatives. Such integrals can be calculated numerically with high precision. Good agreement is found with known analytical expressions of specific two--loop diagrams. To prove the effectiveness of these techniques, the two--loop selfenergy of the Higgs boson to order $(g^{2} \frac{m_{H}^{2}}{m_{W}^{2}})^{2}$ is calculated, and the correctness of the result is checked by using the unitarity of the S matrix. This result allows one to disentangle the leading corrections to the shape of the Higgs resonance, and to derive a perturbative bound of $\sim$1.2 TeV on the mass of the Higgs boson.
description: 21 pages, Freiburg-THEP 94/05
Biharmonic constant mean curvature surfaces in Killing submersions
Creators: name: Montaldo, Stefano
name: Onnis, Irene I.
name: Passamani, Apoena Passos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C42, 58E20

description: A $3$-dimensional Riemannian manifold is called Killing submersion if it admits a Riemannian submersion over a surface such that its fibers are the trajectories of a complete unit Killing vector field. In this paper, we give a characterization of proper biharmonic CMC surfaces in a Killing submersion. In the last part, we also classify the proper biharmonic Hopf cylinders in a Killing submersion.
description: 14 pages
Familial risk and heritability of intellectual disability: a population-based cohort study in Sweden
Creators: name: Butwicka A
name: Serlachius E
name: Sullivan P.F
name: Tideman M
name: Larsson H
name: Kuja-Halkola R
name: Lichtenstein P
Publisher: name: John Wiley and Sons Inc
Year: 2022

description: Background: Intellectual disability (ID) aggregates in families, but factors affecting individual risk and heritability estimates remain unknown. Methods: A population-based family cohort study of 4,165,785 individuals born 1973–2013 in Sweden, including 37,787 ID individuals and their relatives. The relative risks (RR) of ID with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were obtained from stratified Cox proportional-hazards models. Relatives of ID individuals were compared to relatives of unaffected individuals. Structural equation modeling was used to estimate heritability. Results: Relatives of ID individuals were at increased risk of ID compared to individuals with unaffected relatives. The RR of ID among relatives increased proportionally to the degree of genetic relatedness with ID probands; 256.70(95% CI 161.30–408.53) for monozygotic twins, 16.47(13.32–20.38) for parents, 14.88(12.19–18.16) for children, 7.04(4.67–10.61) for dizygotic twins, 8.38(7.97–8.83) for full siblings, 4.56(4.02–5.16) for maternal, 2.90(2.49–3.37) for paternal half-siblings, 3.03(2.61–3.50) for nephews/nieces, 2.84(2.45–3.29) for uncles/aunts, and 2.04(1.91–2.20) for cousins. Lower RRs were observed for siblings of probands with chromosomal abnormalities (RR 5.53, 4.74–6.46) and more severe ID (mild RR 9.15, 8.55–9.78, moderate RR 8.13, 7.28–9.08, severe RR 6.80, 5.74–8.07, and profound RR 5.88, 4.52–7.65). Male sex of relative and maternal line of relationship with proband was related to higher risk (RR 1.33, 1.25–1.41 for brothers vs. sisters and RR 1.49, 1.34–1.68 for maternal vs. paternal half-siblings). ID was substantially heritable with 0.95(95% CI 0.93–0.98) of the variance in liability attributed to genetic influences. Conclusions: The risk estimates will benefit researchers, clinicians, families in understanding the risk of ID in the family and the whole population. The higher risk of ID related to male sex and maternal linage will be of value for planning and interpreting etiological studies in ID.
Is the stop mass below the top mass?
Creators: name: de Boer, W.
name: Ehret, R.
name: Kazakov, D. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that a top mass of 174+/-17 GeV, as quoted recently by the CDF Collaboration, constrains the mixing angle between the Higgs doublets in the Minimal Supersymmmetric extension of the Standard Model (MSSM) to: 1.2
description: latex + 2 eps figs, 14 pages, IEKP-KA/94-07