cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Indien: Militarisierung und der Aufbau einer autonomen Rüstungsproduktion
Creators: name: Wulf, Herbert
Publisher: name: Internationales Asienforum
Year: 2018

description: The post independence Indian defence policy and military doctrine are described in this article as a background information for an analysis of the continuous growth in military strength and the more recent militarisation. The Army, Air Force and Navy has been built up permanently since 1949. The military expenditure has according to the budget trippled during the last ten years. Besides this tendency to an increasing absorption of resources and top priority of research and development for military activities, the built-up of strong paramilitary and police forces for the control of social unrest and for oppression of government opposition can be observed. A self-sufficient indigenous arms production is the declared goal of the government as well as military headquarters. The rather limited ordinance production before World War II has been developed into a full-fledged armaments industry, which produces armoured vehicles, tanks, fighter-bombers, jet trainers, helicopters, even large battle ships and rockets. India has the most advanced arms production program of all third world countries. Inspite of these continuous efforts the goal of self-sufficiency has not been reached and arms production in India is to a large extend dependent on arms transfers as well as licensed production from industrialised countries, especially the Soviet Union, but also Great Britain, the F. R. G., the U.S.A., Czechoslovakia, France, Canada, Norway, Japan and others. A military industrialised complex in India is emerging according to some evidence in this article.
description: Internationales Asienforum, Bd. 6 Nr. 3 (1975): Internationales Asienforum
Sensitivity Analysis of Socioeconomic Values of Time for Public Transport Projects
Creators: name: Elkjær Andersen, Jonas Lohmann
name: Landex, Alex
name: Nielsen, Otto Anker
Publisher: name: Proceedings from the Annual Transport Conference at Aalborg University
Year: 2007

description: The socioeconomic time benefits of two light rail projects in Copenhagen are investigated using three different sets of values of time. The first set is the one the Ministry of Transport recommends for use in socioeconomic analysis in Denmark. This set is used as a basis for comparison with the two other sets of values of time. The second set is the expected new recommended values of time with the same time values for non-business travelling. The third set is estimated from traffic modelling parameters and operates with different in-vehicle time values; the reason for this is thoroughly described and supported by examples. Traffic modelling of the two light rail projects has been performed and the results are used to generate the time benefits. The time benefits for the two light rail projects using the expected new values of time will increase by approx. 20%, compared to the result obtained by use of the values recommended by the Ministry of Transport. Differentiated in-vehicle values prove to generate an even larger increase in time benefits, but they vary depending on the projects.
description: Proceedings from the Annual Transport Conference at Aalborg University, Vol. 1 Núm. 1 (2007): Proceedings from the Annual Transport Conference at Aalborg University
Modeller for korte og lange reiser i samme brukegrensesnitt.
Creators: name: Kleven, Oskar
Publisher: name: Proceedings from the Annual Transport Conference at Aalborg University
Year: 2007

description: Dette paperet belyser kortfattet bakgrunn og organisering av utviklingen av transportmodeller for persontransport i regi av transportetatene og Avinor. Paperet beskriver også koblingen mellom Nasjonal- og regional modell for personreiser, utfordringer, hvordan koblingene er gjennomført og hvordan resultatene presenteres.
description: Proceedings from the Annual Transport Conference at Aalborg University, Vol. 1 Núm. 1 (2007): Proceedings from the Annual Transport Conference at Aalborg University
Den Europæiske Transtools trafikmodel
Creators: name: Nielsen, Otto Anker
name: Hansen, Christian Overgård
name: Israelsen, Thomas
Publisher: name: Proceedings from the Annual Transport Conference at Aalborg University
Year: 2007

description: Artiklen vil præsentere den Europæiske Transtools Trafikmodel, der er EU kommissionens nye trafikmodel. Transtools beskriver alle transportmidler og omfatter både persontransport og gods. Modellen beskriver traditionelle trafikeffekter som rutevalg, transportmid- delvalg og turfrekvens, men den har derudover modeller for multimodale transportkæder og logistikkæder for gods. Derudover er den regionaløkonomiske model CGEurope indeholdt i det samlede modelsystem, ligesom der er en mere detaljeret delmodel for handel. DTU har haft en central rolle i forbindelse med projektet, idet DTU har haft ansvar for sammenkobling af de forskellige delmodeller. Det danske firma Rapidis har stået for en ArcGIS baseret brugerflade til modellen. Derudover har DTU stået for rutevalgs- og assignment modellerne. Modellen er IPR fri (Intellectual Property Rights), hvilket betyder at tredjepart kan få adgang til modellen og dens datagrundlag.
description: Proceedings from the Annual Transport Conference at Aalborg University, Vol. 1 Núm. 1 (2007): Proceedings from the Annual Transport Conference at Aalborg University
WINFRIED VON URFF, HEINZ AHRENS, PETER LUTZ ET AL.: Die wirtschaftliche Situation Pakistans nach der Sezession Bangladeshs
Creators: name: Kantowsky, D.
Publisher: name: Internationales Asienforum
Year: 2018

description: Internationales Asienforum, Bd. 6 Nr. 2 (1975): Internationales Asienforum
L-34: HYDROPHOBIC CARBON QUANTUM DOTS AS ANTIMICROBIAL AGENT IN POLYMER COATINGS AND THEIR ECO-TOXICITY STUDY
Creators: name: Kováčová, Mária
name: Spitalsky, Zdenko
name: Kononenko, Veno
name: Annusova, Adriana
name: Drobne, Damjana
name: Shaalan, Mohamed
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: This research explores the use of hydrophobic carbon quantum dots as an antimicrobial component in polymer coatings, focusing on their effectiveness against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Additionally, the study examines the eco-toxicity of these coatings, assessing their environmental impact on organisms like Porcellio scaber. Supported by Horizon Europe, SERI, and UKRI grants, this work highlights the potential for safe, antimicrobial applications in materials science.
HANS-HELMUT TAAKE: Politische Planungs- und administrative Entscheidungsprozesse bei der Aufstellung und Durchführung von Entwicklungsplänen
Creators: name: Ahrens, Heinz
Publisher: name: Internationales Asienforum
Year: 2018

description: Internationales Asienforum, Bd. 6 Nr. 2 (1975): Internationales Asienforum
Vil koding av inndata med automatiske rutiner føre til usikkerhet?
Creators: name: Malmin, Olav Kåre
Publisher: name: Proceedings from the Annual Transport Conference at Aalborg University
Year: 2007

description: De siste ti år har innføringen av GIS lettet arbeidet med koding av inndata til en transportmodell vesentlig. Tidligere måtte transportnett kodes manuelt med å legge inn lenke for lenke i en tekstfil, men nå kan nettet tegnes opp i GIS basert på digitale kart over vegnettet. I tillegg har det blitt utviklet verktøy som automatisk kan generere inndata basert på digitale kart. Dette sparer i utgangspunktet veldig mye tid, men hva skjer med modellresultatene når personen som koder inndata mister forholdet til innholdet i dataene? Prosjektet NTP Regionale transportmodeller var det første modellutviklingsprosjektet hvor inndata ble generert opp med hjelp av automatiske kodingsrutiner for å spare tid under kodingsarbeidet og på grunn av omfanget av inndata. Dette paperet beskriver hva denne måten å kode inndata på førte til merarbeid og feil i modellen.
description: Proceedings from the Annual Transport Conference at Aalborg University, Vol. 1 Núm. 1 (2007): Proceedings from the Annual Transport Conference at Aalborg University
SIEGFRIED SCHÖNHERR: Berufliche Diversifikation und Führungsmodernisierung im ländlichen Indien. Follow-up Untersuchung von zwei Dörfern in Süd-Indien, 1954—56 und 1969—70
Creators: name: Kaul, Inge
Publisher: name: Internationales Asienforum
Year: 2018

description: Internationales Asienforum, Bd. 6 Nr. 2 (1975): Internationales Asienforum
Bruk av nytt personmodellsystem i Norge til å etablere trafikk- og transportprognoser og til ulike analyser i forbindelse med Nasjonal transportplan 2010-2019
Creators: name: Kleven, Oskar
Publisher: name: Proceedings from the Annual Transport Conference at Aalborg University
Year: 2007

description: Dette ”paperet” belyser kortfattet bakgrunn og organisering av utviklingen av transportmodeller for persontransport i regi av transportetatene og Avinor. ”Paperet” beskriver også etableringen av grunnprognosene som benyttes som grunnlag for Nasjonal transportplan 2010-2019 og de analysene som skal gjennomføre i forhold til utvalgte strategier.
description: Proceedings from the Annual Transport Conference at Aalborg University, Vol. 1 Núm. 1 (2007): Proceedings from the Annual Transport Conference at Aalborg University
Teaching Astrobiology online
Creators: name: Maddison, Sarah
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: As part of Swinburne Astronomy Online http://astronomy.swin.edu.au/sao/ (SAO), we run an online short course entitled Searching for Extrasolar Planets and Extraterrestrial Life. The main aim of the short course is to act as a ``feeder'' into our graduate programs and allow students to trial online education while exploring one of the new hot topics of astronomy -- astrobiology. I will present a brief overview of how SAO works, followed by an outline of our short course which has been running for four semesters. In particular, I will focus on why astrobiology is a good choice of topics for an online short course, and look at the successes (and failures) of the course in attracting students to both online education and astronomy -- and astrobiology in particular.
title: 01_1428
Creators: name: Wesley Baldwin, John
name: Baldwin, John W.
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: L'ensemble de ces notes ont été crée par John Baldwin lors d'une de ses premières périodes de résidence à Paris. Ces documents comprennent tous les magistri qu’il avait pu rencontrer dans ses sources. Aux XIIème et XIIIème siècles, les universités n'existant pas encore, le titre de magister s'il évoque certainement une compétence n'est pas rattaché de façon systématique au passage par les écoles. De surcroît, les magistris sont le plus souvent désignés par leur seul prénom. La lecture de ces données est donc difficile et suppose un long travail pour tenter d'identifier un individu auquel on pourrait rattacher plusieurs mentions. John Baldwin avait donc renoncé à utiliser ces données pour donner un prolongement à sa magnifique étude sur les gradués d'université et leur emploi par les Capétiens et les Plantagenêts. Néanmoins, il a conservé ces données et elles sont potentiellement très utile dans le cadre de Studium, comme le sont toutes les mentions dans les volumes des Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae de chanoines portant ce titre de magister sans autres précisions. L'ampleur des dépouillements rend ces données très utiles et nous devons une grande reconnaissance à John Baldwin pour avoir pris la peine de faire photocopier ses fiches et de nous les avoir transmises amicalement.
Les données ainsi que les images des fiches sont accessibles sur le site Internet à l'adresse suivante : http://studium-baldwin.lamop.fr/.
Les transcriptions des fiches ont été effectuées par des étudiants de Paris 1 Panthéon - Sorbonne mais elles n'ont pas été corrigées par la suite.
description: Relation: https://lamop.hypotheses.org/
Aktuelle Chronik - Die politische und wirtschaftliche Entwicklung im Großraum Asien vom 1. Juli bis 31. September 1974
Creators: name: Fabritzek, Uwe G.
Publisher: name: Internationales Asienforum
Year: 2018

description: Internationales Asienforum, Bd. 6 Nr. 2 (1975): Internationales Asienforum
Welt-Hindikonferenz Nagpur (Indien) 10. bis 14. Januar 1975 - Aus einem Tagebuch
Creators: name: Lutze, Lothar
Publisher: name: Internationales Asienforum
Year: 2018

description: Internationales Asienforum, Bd. 6 Nr. 2 (1975): Internationales Asienforum
Raumplanung in Entwicklungsländern - Anmerkungen zu einer Tagung der Abteilung Raumplanung der Universität Dortmund
Creators: name: Ernst, Rainer
name: Karpe, Hans-Jürgen
name: Kunzmann, Klaus R.
Publisher: name: Internationales Asienforum
Year: 2018

description: Internationales Asienforum, Bd. 6 Nr. 2 (1975): Internationales Asienforum
РАЗВИТИЕ КОММУНИКАТИВНОЙ КОМПЕТЕНТНОСТИ БУДУЩИХ СПЕЦИАЛИСТОВ ФИЗИЧЕСКОЙ КУЛЬТУРЫ И СПОРТА
Creators: name: КЛЕСТОВА ОКСАНА АЛЕКСАНДРОВНА
name: ИШИМОВА ИРИНА НИКОЛАЕВНА
Publisher: name: Физическая культура. Спорт. Туризм. Двигательная рекреация
Year: 2020
Subjects: ОТРАСЛЬ ФИЗИЧЕСКОЙ КУЛЬТУРЫ И СПОРТА
ПОДГОТОВКА БУДУЩИХ СПЕЦИАЛИСТОВ
ФЕДЕРАЛЬНЫЙ ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНЫЙ СТАНДАРТ
ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАНДАРТЫ
ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНЫЕ КОМПЕТЕНЦИИ
КОММУНИКАТИВНАЯ КОМПЕТЕНТНОСТЬ
BRANCH OF PHYSICAL CULTURE AND SPORTS
TRAINING OF FUTURE SPECIALISTS
FEDERAL EDUCATIONAL STANDARD
PROFESSIONAL STANDARDS
PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCES
COMMUNICATIVE COMPETENCE

description: Авторами обращается внимание на проблему недостаточного владения будущими специалистами отрасли физической культуры коммуникативной компетентностью и значимостью данной категории в профессиональной деятельности. Проведённое исследование уровня владения коммуникативной компетентностью будущих специалистов отрасли физической культуры и спорта показало, что негативные установки в профессиональном общении не корректируются социальной средой и опытом испытуемых. Это в свою очередь требует внесения изменений в образовательный процесс подготовки кадрового ресурса отрасли.
ВОЛОНТЁРСКОЕ ДВИЖЕНИЕ И СПОРТ В СОВРЕМЕННОМ МИРЕ
Creators: name: ИВАНОВ ВАЛЕНТИН ДМИТРИЕВИЧ
Publisher: name: Физическая культура. Спорт. Туризм. Двигательная рекреация
Year: 2020
Subjects: ВОЛОНТЁР
ВОЛОНТЁРСКОЕ ДВИЖЕНИЕ
ПРИНЦИПЫ ВОЛОНТЁРСТВА
ВОЛОНТЁРСКАЯ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТЬ
VOLUNTEER
VOLUNTEER MOVEMENT
PRINCIPLES OF VOLUNTEERING
VOLUNTEER ACTIVITY

description: Проведён анализ волонтёрского движения. Описаны основные направления волонтёрской деятельности. Дана классификация волонтёрства по разным критериям, принципы организации волонтёрства и проведён анализ понятия «волонтёр».
Logistics of Natural Resources in Hong Kong - A Case Study of Urban Ecological Problems in a Locality with High Density Population
Creators: name: Kao, C.
name: Lin, Tzong-Biau
Publisher: name: Internationales Asienforum
Year: 2018

description: The purpose of the paper is to examine the interaction between the natural resources, the environment and the human population in Hong Kong. It is a case study of urban ecological problems in a locality with very high density population. With more than four million people dwelling in a total area of about 400 square miles, which is extremely poorly endowed with natural resources, Hong Kong has a population density of ca. 100,000 persons per square mile, a figure which is seldom exceeded anywhere in the world. This fact gives rise to a variety of ecological problems in Hong Kong, some of which are quite unique. Our logistics study shows how the limits are rapidly being approached in land availability and water and food supply with growth of population which will double in about 35 years from now at the current annual growth rate of 2 per cent. So it will not be over-exaggerated that if the population growth is not checked immediately and effectively, no technological legendemain and economic development can fend off the time of reaching the “carrying capacity” of the finite environment of Hong Kong and all efforts to augment the “carrying capacity” will merely postpone the time of mass starvation and increase the agony when it inevitably occurs.
description: Internationales Asienforum, Bd. 6 Nr. 2 (1975): Internationales Asienforum
АНАЛИЗ УРОВНЯ ТЕХНИЧЕСКОЙ ПОДГОТОВЛЕННОСТИ ЛЫЖНИКОВ-ДВОЕБОРЦЕВ ПО ДАННЫМ ВИДЕОНАБЛЮДЕНИЯ
Creators: name: БЕЛЁВА АННА НИКОЛАЕВНА
name: ПОПОВА АННА ИВАНОВНА
name: АРДАШЕВ АЛЕКСАНДР ЕВГЕНЬЕВИЧ
Publisher: name: Физическая культура. Спорт. Туризм. Двигательная рекреация
Year: 2020
Subjects: ЛЫЖНОЕ ДВОЕБОРЬЕ
ДЛИНА ПРОКАТА
ВРЕМЯ ЦИКЛА
ЧАСТОТА ДВИЖЕНИЙ
СКОРОСТЬ ПЕРЕДВИЖЕНИЯ
УРОВЕНЬ ТЕХНИЧЕСКОЙ ПОДГОТОВЛЕННОСТИ
ЛЫЖНАЯ ГОНКА
NORDIC COMBINED
LENGTH OF SHIFT T
ROUND TIME
FREQUENCY OF MOVEMENTS
MOVEMENT SPEED
INDICATORS OF SKIING TECHNIQUE
LEVEL OF TECHNICAL PREPAREDNESS
SKI RACE

description: Проанализированы показатели, характеризующие технику лыжного хода лыжников-двоеборцев. Представлены уровни технической подготовленности ведущих зарубежных и отечественных лыжников-двоеборцев. Исследование проводилось в марте 2019 г. на FIS Continental Cup Nordic Combined в индивидуальных соревнованиях по системе Гундерсена (гонка на 5 км). Анализ результатов осуществлялся с помощью метода видеоанализа и методов математической статистики. Выявлено, что при передвижении в подъём одновременным двухшажным коньковым лыжным ходом в гонке на 5 км российские двоеборцы обладают среднем уровнем технической подготовленности.
Umweltverschmutzung und Umweltschutz in Japan
Creators: name: Janocha, Peter
Publisher: name: Internationales Asienforum
Year: 2018

description: Kogai is the Japanese word for environmental pollution and stands for water-, air-, and soil pollution, noise, vibration, ground subsidence, and offensive odors. The genesis of pollution started in 1956 in the town of Minamata on Kyushu with the “Minamata-disease”, caused by mercury poisoning through factory effluents. Other sensational cases of pollution were the “Itai itai-disease” in Toyama-Prefecture, caused by cadmium-poisoning and the “Yokkaichi- asthma”. The Japanese industries for a long time hesitated in taking a positive attitude towards antipollution activities; they pursued rather a defense policy against governmental antipoilution policies. Antipollution policy in Japan up to the 1960’s was mainly concentrated on the prefectural Governments. Real Government policy started in 1967 with the promulgation of the “Basic Law for Environmental Pollution Control”. Other milestones were the package of 14 antipollution laws of December 1970 and the establishment of the “Environment Agency” in July 1971. Governmental expenditures for antipollution up to now remained rather modest. Emphasis was laid on intensive surveys and investigations, formulation of “Environmental Pollution Control Programs”, environmental quality standards, and emission control facilities.
description: Internationales Asienforum, Bd. 6 Nr. 2 (1975): Internationales Asienforum
Srikrishna Alanahally: A Literary Self-Portrait
Creators: name: Lutze, Lothar
Publisher: name: Internationales Asienforum
Year: 2018

description: LUTZE: Krishna, do you remember the day when you wrote this poem, and how it all started? SRIKRISHNA: Yea, i remember that day when I was just eighteen. I was wandering near around my village. I was full of poetic dreams in my mind. I read Bendre and Kuvempu1 and I was very much impressed by the poets and I was so mad about the nature and I was dreaming the old romantic ideas in my mind. But unexpectedly I read the modern poems at that time and I was disappointed by the romantic conceptions and I washed the romantic conceptions from my mind. I was searching for new images in my mind at that time.
description: Internationales Asienforum, Bd. 6 Nr. 2 (1975): Internationales Asienforum
ОЦЕНКА ПСИХОФИЗИОЛОГИЧЕСКОЙ УСТОЙЧИВОСТИ СТУДЕНТОВ ВУЗОВ ГРАЖДАНСКОЙ АВИАЦИИ
Creators: name: ВОЛКОВА ЛЮДМИЛА МИХАЙЛОВНА
name: ГОЛУБЕВ АЛЕКСАНДР АНТОНОВИЧ
Publisher: name: Физическая культура. Спорт. Туризм. Двигательная рекреация
Year: 2020
Subjects: ПСИХОФИЗИОЛОГИЧЕСКАЯ УСТОЙЧИВОСТЬ
СТУДЕНТ
ФИЗИЧЕСКАЯ КУЛЬТУРА
ГРАЖДАНСКАЯ АВИАЦИЯ
PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGICAL STABILITY
STUDENT
PHYSICAL CULTURE
CIVIL AVIATION

description: Рассмотрена проблема профессионально важных качеств с позиций экстремальности деятельности специалистов гражданской авиации. Проведена оценка показателей психодиагностических методик, дано заключение по результатам тестирования и определены особенности психофизиологической устойчивости студентов разной двигательной активности. У студентов выявлена недостаточная мотивированность выбора конструктивных способов борьбы со стрессом. Предлагается решение данной проблемы через индивидуализацию и самостоятельность увеличения двигательной активности, которая наиболее позитивно влияет на эмоциональное состояние студента.
Auseinandersetzung mit China - Deutsche Chinaliteratur der letzten Jahre
Creators: name: Imfeld, Al
Publisher: name: Internationales Asienforum
Year: 2018

description: Nach 1949 erschienen zunächst nur sehr wenig deutsche Bücher über die Volksrepublik (VR) China. Das war der Niederschlag einer bestimmten Politik und eines gewissen ideologischen Interesses. Offiziell existierte die VR China gar nicht: China war und durfte nur Taiwan sein. Bereits eine unpolemische und ernsthafte Auseinandersetzung mit dem kommunistischen China galt als Affront gegenüber der westlichen und freien Welt. Zudem hätte sich Taiwan, und damit auch der westliche Block, beleidigt und bedroht gefühlt. Die VR China gab es nur als Bild des Grauens und Schreckens, als Illustration des Schlechten und als Gegenteil von dem, was für Freiheit und Humanität stand. Es war wie bei einer bestimmten Theologie, die den Teufel nötig hatte, um Gott zu beweisen. Eine Ahnung dieser Art von Manipulation vermittelt das Buch des Amerikaners Felix Greene, LISTEN, LÜGEN, LOBBIES (deutsch im Jos. Melzer Verlag, Darmstadt, 1966). Die jeweilige Einstellung hat die Sicht geprägt, denn sehr oft sieht der Mensch genau das, was er glaubt. So kommt der Reisebericht von Lorenz Stucki, CHINA — LAND HINTER MAUERN (Droemer Knaur, München 1967) noch 1966 nach zwei Monaten zu einem Resultat, „das nicht besonders erfreulich ist“, denn „Mao und der Parteiapparat haben China völlig gleichgeschaltet. In diesem Land wird die Geschichte entstellt, wird das Denken des einzelnen manipuliert und die Persönlichkeit mißachtet“. In der Zwischenzeit ist eine Wende eingetreten. Nicht nur mehr Sinologen (cf. K.-A. Pretzell, Chinabezogen arbeitende Wissenschaftler in der BRD. Hamburg: Institut für Asienkunde. Mitteilungen 4-73) publizieren historische und sozio-kulturelle Analysen. Die Auseinandersetzung mit China hat auf allen Ebenen begonnen. Es scheint ein großer Aufholbedarf da zu sein. China fasziniert und fesselt menschliches Interesse. Mit dem allgemeinen Interesse verbindet sich die Ahnung, daß China vielleicht jedem — und auf jedem Gebiet — etwas Besonderes zu bieten hat. China öffnet sich dem Westen — wie schon einst in der Geschichte — genau an der Schwelle eines Übergangs. Plötzlich scheint China dem Westen voraus zu sein, weil es an neuen Lebensweisen, Modellen und Utopien experimentiert, die vielleicht auch ihm weiterhelfen und Gültigkeit erhalten. Etwa auf dem Gebiet der Erziehung, der gesellschaftlichen Integration von alten und jungen Menschen, des Zusammenlebens, der Familienform, aber auch der Technik, Landwirtschaft und Medizin. Von außerordentlicher Bedeutung scheinen China und sein Weg für die ganze weitere Entwicklungspolitik zu sein, so daß von einem „Modell der Entwicklung“ (cf. 79, 80, 81) gesprochen werden kann.
description: Internationales Asienforum, Bd. 6 Nr. 2 (1975): Internationales Asienforum
ОСОБЕННОСТИ ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ ЗАЩИТНО-ОТВЕТНЫХ ДЕЙСТВИЙ СОТРУДНИКАМИ ПОЛИЦИИ ПРИ ВЫПОЛНЕНИИ ОПЕРАТИВНО-СЛУЖЕБНЫХ ЗАДАЧ
Creators: name: ГЕРАСИМОВ ИГОРЬ ВИКТОРОВИЧ
name: АЛДОШИНА Е. А.
name: ИВАНИНА Л. И.
Publisher: name: Физическая культура. Спорт. Туризм. Двигательная рекреация
Year: 2020
Subjects: ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНАЯ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТЬ
РУКОПАШНЫЕ СХВАТКИ
ЗАЩИТНО-ОТВЕТНЫЕ ДЕЙСТВИЯ
БОЕВЫЕ ПРИЁМЫ БОРЬБЫ
ЗАДЕРЖАНИЕ
PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITY
HAND-TO-HAND COMBAT
RETALIATORY DEFENSE MEASURES
COMBAT TECHNIQUES OF FIGHT
DETENTION

description: Рассмотрена проблема эффективности применения боевых приёмов борьбы сотрудниками полиции при выполнении оперативно-служебных задач.
China’s Economy After the National People’s Congress
Creators: name: Klatt, W.
Publisher: name: Internationales Asienforum
Year: 2018

description: At the Fourth National People’s Congress, held in January 1975, China’s political structure was precariously balanced between “traditionalists” and “radicals”. These factions are now fairly evenly represented in the Political Bureau of the Communist Party, among the Vice Premiers in the Council of State and in the top echelon of the Armed Forees. Though younger men are in charge at the next lower rung of the hierarchy, the political balance is still being maintained by a leadership which is one of the world’s oldest gerontocracies. Though the report on the state of the nation, given by Premier Chou En-lai at the Congress, left many matters of fact unanswered, it revealed that during the last decade, despite remarkable progress in certain sectors, the economy as a whole has grown at a less buoyant rate than immediately before and immediately after the Cultural Revolution. At about 5 per cent a year, China’s national product increases a good deal faster than old industrial countries can claim, but her rate of growth is less than China achieved during the best periods of her economic development.
description: Internationales Asienforum, Bd. 6 Nr. 2 (1975): Internationales Asienforum
HANS PETER SCHIPULLE: Ausverkauf der Intelligenz aus Entwicklungsländern? Eine kritische Untersuchung zum Brain Drain
Creators: name: Ahrens, Heinz
Publisher: name: Internationales Asienforum
Year: 2018

description: Internationales Asienforum, Bd. 6 Nr. 1 (1975): Internationales Asienforum
GOTTFRIED-KARL KINDERMANN (ed.): Stimmen des anderen China — Nationalchinesische Experten zu entwicklungspolitischen Alternativen für China
Creators: name: H., M.
Publisher: name: Internationales Asienforum
Year: 2018

description: Internationales Asienforum, Bd. 6 Nr. 1 (1975): Internationales Asienforum
GUDRUN EGER: Familienplanung in Pakistan. Forschung zur Familienplanung und die Entwicklung des Familienplanungsprogramms in Pakistan 1952 bis 1971
Creators: name: Kaul, Inge
Publisher: name: Internationales Asienforum
Year: 2018

description: Internationales Asienforum, Bd. 6 Nr. 1 (1975): Internationales Asienforum
Flådedata og fremkommelighed / trængsel
Creators: name: Skov, Michael Knørr
Publisher: name: Proceedings from the Annual Transport Conference at Aalborg University
Year: 2007

description: I Transport- og Energiministeriets "Projekt Trængsel" (2004) blev det anbefalet, at analyser af trængsel og fremkommelighed baseres på tidsstemplede positioner opsamlet under kørsel. COWI har igennem et udviklingssamarbejde med firmaet 3x34 Transport og Danmarks Radio opbygget et samlet system til kortlægning af trængsel og fremkommelighed samt publicering af trafikinformation. Formålet er gennem kortlægning af rejsehastigheder dels at kunne følge trængslens historiske udvikling og dels at kunne levere realtidsinformation på et bredt udsnit at det overordnede vejnet. Resultaterne giver nyttig viden til brug inden for praktisk trafikplanlægning og logistik. Kortlægningen af rejsehastigheder har brede anvendelsesmuligheder. 3x34 Transport får igennem udviklingssamarbejdet styrket sin ruteplanlægning ved at tage højde for nedsatte rejsehastigheder pga. trængsel. Det giver bedre muligheder for at informere kunderne om forventede leveringstidspunkter. DR udvider sit grundlag for trafikmeldinger og udbud af informationsservices til trafikanter. COWI nyttiggør den nye viden om rejsehastigheder dels i udvikling af analyseværktøjer og dels i nuværende ydelser inden for trafikplanlægning og trafikledelse for både biltrafik og kollektiv trafik.
description: Proceedings from the Annual Transport Conference at Aalborg University, Vol. 1 Núm. 1 (2007): Proceedings from the Annual Transport Conference at Aalborg University
JÜRGEN DOMES / MARIE-LUISE NÄTH: Die Außenpolitik der Volksrepublik China. Eine Einführung
Creators: name: Glaubitz, Joachim
Publisher: name: Internationales Asienforum
Year: 2018

description: Internationales Asienforum, Bd. 6 Nr. 1 (1975): Internationales Asienforum
The intimacy of the interview chat show
Creators: name: McCosker, Anthony
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: Since its inception, chat shows, talk shows and variety shows have been a staple of what Frances Bonner calls 'ordinary television'. They fill the gaps left over by drama and news events, they take up space during the day or later at night, they offer a sense of familiarity and regularity that audiences can dip in and out of, or else watch in a habituated state of distraction.
Test af et satellitbaseret kørselsafgiftssystem
Creators: name: Sørensen, Simon Bojer
name: Lahrmann, Harry
Publisher: name: Proceedings from the Annual Transport Conference at Aalborg University
Year: 2007

description: I dette paper beskrives opbygningen af en model af et takstsystem, som skal fungere i et satel- litbaseret kørselsafgiftssystem. Modellen er forholdsvis simpel og bygger på et buffersystem, og der anvendes således ikke nogen avanceret map matching. Det beskrives, hvordan modellen afprøves med tilfældigt udvalgte log-data fra AKTA- forsøget, som er af ringere kvalitet end gennemsnittet. Modellens beregnede priser for bili- sternes køreture sammenholdes med en "korrekt" pris baseret på manuelt udpegede ruter. Konklusionen er, at den anvendte model er i stand til at beregne priser som i mere end 80 % af tilfældene afviger mindre end +/- 2 % fra de korrekte priser. Slutteligt er der nogle diskussionsemner, som kan tages op efter oplægget.
description: Proceedings from the Annual Transport Conference at Aalborg University, Vol. 1 Núm. 1 (2007): Proceedings from the Annual Transport Conference at Aalborg University
Model til fremkommelighedsprognose på veje
Creators: name: Sørensen, Henning
Publisher: name: Proceedings from the Annual Transport Conference at Aalborg University
Year: 2007

description: Ved trafikinvesteringer og i andre tilfælde hvor fremtidige forhold ønskes kortlagt, gennemføres en trafikprognose for et fremtidigt år som en fremskrivning af trafikken ved hjælp af vækstfaktorer, og eventuelt ligeledes ved brug af en trafikmodel. Herved opnås et estimat på den fremtidige trafik på vejnettet, men der foreligger ikke umiddelbart et skøn over hvad konsekvensen af de prognosticerede trafiktal er på trafikafviklingen, - hvad bliver rejsetiderne i den fremtidige situation i og uden for spidstimer, hvor opstår flaskehalsene, i hvilket årstal er kapaciteten ikke længere tilstrækkelig, hvor meget nedbringes rejsetiden hvis en given udbygning gennemføres og andet. Til at svare på disse spørgsmål er der udviklet en prognosemodel for fremkommelighed. Input til modellen er data der beskriver fremtidige veje og trafik på en betragtet rute, og output er rejsetid eller middelrejsehastighed for en personbils gennemkørsel af ruten. Beregningen gennemføres for en valgt time i et valgt fremtidigt år.
description: Proceedings from the Annual Transport Conference at Aalborg University, Vol. 1 Núm. 1 (2007): Proceedings from the Annual Transport Conference at Aalborg University
Updating trip matrices for Copenhagen using multiple data sources
Creators: name: Nielsen, Otto Anker
name: Hansen, Christian Overgård
Publisher: name: Proceedings from the Annual Transport Conference at Aalborg University
Year: 2007

description: Traffic planning in the Greater Copenhagen Region (have over the last 10 years mainly been supported by the so-called OTM traffic model. The behavioural models in OTM include advanced state-of-the-art utility-based formulations, which are combined with base-matrices in a pivot-correction procedure. Before and after studies of specific projects have shown, that these matrices might be the Achilles heal of the whole model system. Vuk and Hansen (2006) therefore validated the present version of the OTM traffic model (version 4.0 from summer 2000) and concluded that a major drawback of the model was indeed outdated base 1992 matrices. From January 2005 to March 2007 the OTM model has therefore been in a large-scale process of updating where creation of new trip matrices has been the main focus. The article describes the undertaken methodology for constructing the travel matrices for Copenhagen, and how the improved matrices influence the performance of the model. A main focus in the work has been to utilise various data sources for estimation of the new matrices. This includes telephone survey data, cordon line surveys and existing transport surveys to construct the base matrices, traffic counts to adjust these, and digital network databases. The article also demonstrates a new approach to adjust public transport matrices to counts.
description: Proceedings from the Annual Transport Conference at Aalborg University, Vol. 1 Núm. 1 (2007): Proceedings from the Annual Transport Conference at Aalborg University
Some Validation Tests of the OTM, ver. 5.0
Creators: name: Vuk, Goran
name: Hansen, Christian Overgård
Publisher: name: Proceedings from the Annual Transport Conference at Aalborg University
Year: 2007

description: The tactical traffic model for greater Copenhagen, the OTM model, was updated to its 5th version in a 21⁄2-year long project lasting from January 2005 till April 2007. The model was updated especially for the purpose of the Metro City Ring project (approved in the Danish Parliament in June 2007). The biggest part of the efforts were placed on the data part of the model, where especially new base 2004 travel matrices were built. Apart from that, the model was completely re-estimated, starting from new values-of-time (VOTs), based on the newly completed data for the Danish national VOT project, and ending with the newly developed pivot-point procedure. Finally, the model zoning system, plan data and road/public transport networks were updated to reflect the new model base year of 2004. The clients in the project were the Danish Ministry of Energy and Transport, the Danish Ministry for Financing, the Copenhagen and Frederiksberg municipalities, the Railway and Road Directories, and the Greater Copenhagen Authority. The project was completed by the Danish Transport Research Institute (DTF, DTU), the Centre for Transport and Traffic (CTT, DTU), TetraPlan, RAND Europe, COH ApS and COWI. The aim of the paper is twofold. Firstly, we depict the structure of the new OTM demand model (chapter 2). Secondly, we present base year validations, sensitivity tests, and results from a back casting experiment (chapter 3 and 4). Conclusions are listed in the last section of the paper (chapter 5).
description: Proceedings from the Annual Transport Conference at Aalborg University, Vol. 1 Núm. 1 (2007): Proceedings from the Annual Transport Conference at Aalborg University
Judgments of Time in Traffic Related Decision-Making Situation
Creators: name: Nordfang, Maria
Publisher: name: Proceedings from the Annual Transport Conference at Aalborg University
Year: 2007

description: Judgments of time can have a crucial role for the choices drivers take while in traffic. At the same time drivers’ value of time is often predicted as being the core benefit from new road development schemes (Mackie, Jara-Días, Fowkes, 2001; Beesley, 1965). This paper uses the theoretical perspective of Kahneman & Tversky’s (1979) Prospect Theory to investigate how time is judged in traffic situations. In particular, it is examined how the framing of time- prospects, influence the drivers’ judgments. To investigate this a questionnaire was distributed on the internet. 213 participants were presented with 6 different situations related to time in traffic and asked to choose between two different time-prospects in each of the 6 situations. The 6 different choice situations were each framed in both a positive and a negative formulation. The individual participant was presented with only one of the two formulations in each choice situation. The results from the experiment indicate that the framing of the specific choice situation play a role in drivers’ judgments of time in traffic related situations, as Prospect Theory predicts. Also, the results show that special consideration must be given to judgments of time as compared to choices involving judgments of objects or money, as the perception of time differs from the perception of objects or money.
description: Proceedings from the Annual Transport Conference at Aalborg University, Vol. 1 Núm. 1 (2007): Proceedings from the Annual Transport Conference at Aalborg University
ЖИНОЯТЧИЛИККА ҚАРШИ КУРАШ СОҲАСИДАГИ ФАОЛИЯТНИ МУВОФИҚЛАШТИРИШНИНГ АСОСИЙ ПРИНЦИПЛАРИ
Creators: name: Аскаров, Кодир
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Мазкур мақолада жиноятчиликка қарши кураш соҳасидаги фаолиятни мувофиқлаштиришнинг асосий принципларига доир масалалар баён этилган. Шунингдек, мақолада принципларнинг бирлик; марказлашганлик; қонунийлик; мустақиллик; ошкоралик каби турлари ҳам таҳлил этилган.
17. Deutscher Soziologentag — Sektion für Entwicklungssoziologie, Kassel, 31. 10. bis 2. 11. 1974
Creators: name: Kantowsky, D.
Publisher: name: Internationales Asienforum
Year: 2018

description: Internationales Asienforum, Bd. 6 Nr. 1 (1975): Internationales Asienforum
Kontinuität und Wandel in China - Bericht über die 14. Arbeitstagung des Centre d’Etude du Sud-Est Asiatique et de l’Extreme Orient vom 7.-8. November 1974 in Brügge
Creators: name: Fabritzek, Uwe G.
Publisher: name: Internationales Asienforum
Year: 2018

description: Internationales Asienforum, Bd. 6 Nr. 1 (1975): Internationales Asienforum
ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТЬ ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ БЕНЧМАРКИНГА В СПОРТИВНЫХ СИСТЕМАХ УПРАВЛЕНИЯ (НА ПРИМЕРЕ ФИТНЕС-КЛУБА)
Creators: name: МОГУЕВ БОРИС ДМИТРИЕВИЧ
Publisher: name: Физическая культура. Спорт. Туризм. Двигательная рекреация
Year: 2020
Subjects: БЕНЧМАРКИНГ
МЕНЕДЖМЕНТ
СПОРТ
УСПЕХ
БЕНЧМАРКИНГ АНАЛИЗ
ФИТНЕС-КЛУБЫ
BENCHMARKING
MANAGEMENT
SPORTS
SUCCESS
THE ANALYSIS

description: Исследована проблемам использования методов инновационной экономики в спорте, в частности метода «бенчмаркинг» в управлении фитнес-клубом. Автором рассмотрены возможности использования данного метода в сфере управления фитнес-клубами, произведён анализ опыта работы фитнесклубов, даны практические рекомендации по улучшению их работы.
НАУЧНО-МЕТОДИЧЕСКИЙ ОПЫТ ПОДГОТОВКИ КВАЛИФИЦИРОВАННЫХ БРАЗИЛЬСКИХ КИКБОКСЁРОВ В ВЫСШЕМ ФИЗКУЛЬТУРНОМ УЧЕБНОМ ЗАВЕДЕНИИ
Creators: name: ОРСИ ТИАРАЖУ ЛИМА
name: РУБИН ВЛАДИМИР СОЛОМОНОВИЧ
Publisher: name: Физическая культура. Спорт. Туризм. Двигательная рекреация
Year: 2020
Subjects: ЭТАПЫ ОБУЧЕНИЯ ТЕХНИЧЕСКИМ ДЕЙСТВИЯМ
УЧЕБНО-ТРЕНИРОВОЧНЫЙ ПРОЦЕСС
КИКБОКСИНГ В ВЫСШЕМ ФИЗКУЛЬТУРНОМ УЧЕБНОМ ЗАВЕДЕНИИ
STAGES OF TRAINING IN TECHNICAL ACTIONS
TRAINING AND LEARNING PROCESS
KICKBOXING IN HIGHER PHYSICAL CULTURE INSTITUTION

description: Подготовка высококвалифицированных специалистов в сфере физической культуры включает в себя две главные задачи собственно профессиональную подготовку тренера и совершенствование спортивного мастерства. Статья посвящена второй задаче, целью которой является организация тренировочного процесса, направленного на становление и совершенствование спортивного мастерства кикбоксёра во время учёбы в высшем физкультурном учебном заведении.
Ostasienhandel der Bundesrepublik - ein Geschäft mit Zukunft
Creators: name: Gälli, Anton
Publisher: name: Internationales Asienforum
Year: 2018

description: ln the course of the last two decades and particularly since the middle of the sixties East Asia is becoming an increasingly interesting business partner for the Federal Republic of Germany. Whilst during 1962—1973 the total volume of foreign trade of the Federal Republic of Germany increased by 216 per cent, at the same time the value of both the imports and exports effected with East Asia increased by 322 per cent. This growth is connected on the one hand with the favorable structure of both supply and demand of the individual countries, certain competitive advantages (low prices and relatively good quality for several consumption goods) as well as highly growing investments on the other hand with the flexible and often unorthodox and very frequently quite aggressive sales policy of both the Japanese and Chinese commercial establishments that rule decisively the trading in East Asia. The lfo-1 nstitute for Economic Research in Munich has carried out surveys with the German industry as well as with the German wholesale trade (written representational surveys and intensive interviews) in order to become better acquainted with the present structure as weil as the prospects of this trade for the next years. According to that with regard to the future ranking of different East Asian business partners of the Federal Republic of Germany ensues a leading group of 7 countries: Japan, the People’s Republic of China, Taiwan, Hongkong, Indonesia, Singapore and Malaysia. But Japan keeps holding its leading position. However, one should not misapprehend the fact that the business relations between Germany and this country are at present strongly marked by a displacement. The export of the Federal Republic of Germany is gaining ascendance over the import. The ranking among the People’s Republic of China, Taiwan and Hongkong is bound to be in dispute in the course of the next years. In 1974 it seemed that Taiwan being closer behind Hongkong than ever before will advance to the third place, nevertheless, with a similar displacement as it is the case in Japan. It is most likely that the trading with the People’s Republic of China will at a short date not grow quickly as it has already been expected by some people. Altogether, in the next three years the German exports are bound to increase out of proportion in East Asia.
description: Internationales Asienforum, Bd. 6 Nr. 1 (1975): Internationales Asienforum
Nexis Data Lab
Creators: name: Woitas, Kathi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: TDM
Text and Data Mining
Digital Scholarship
Medienanalyse
Textanalyse

description: Die Präsentation "Nexis Data Lab" wurde im Rahmen einer Coffee Lecture an der Universitätsbibliothek Bern, Bibliothek vonRoll, am 03.05.2022 gehalten. Nexis Data Lab ist eine Plattform, die die Medien-Inhalte des Anbieters LexisNexis für Text and Data Mining (TDM) verfügbar macht. Die Präsentation behandelt folgende Themen: TDM in den Sozialwissenschaften und Ablauf einer TDM-Analyse Vorteile von TDM-Plattformen Funktionsumfang von Nexis Data Lab Vorgehen zur Nutzung von Nexis Data Lab.
Bau- und Siedlungsweise ostnepalischer Bhotiyas - Beispiele differenzierter Gruppenanpassung an physische Umweltbedingungen im Himalaya
Creators: name: Kleinert, Christian
Publisher: name: Internationales Asienforum
Year: 2018

description: Rural architecture in the Eastern Nepal Himalayas is a result of ethnical and environmental conditions. Building materials and construction methods as well as the village lay-out demonstrate the different possibilities of human adaption to the natural environment. Examples of village architecture are shown from 5 different areas inhabitated by the East Nepali tribe of the Sherpas, who immigrated from Tibet to Nepal some hundred yars ago. Those areas described in this article are the valleys of Khumbu, Rolwaling, Solu and Helambu. According to the different natural environment — landscape, altitude and climate — the rural architecture ist a result of the protection against climatical influences and of existing building materials as well as it is corresponding to agricultural and commercial activities.
description: Internationales Asienforum, Bd. 6 Nr. 1 (1975): Internationales Asienforum
ПРИОРИТЕТНЫЕ НАПРАВЛЕНИЯ ПОДГОТОВКИ СТУДЕНТОВ К УЧАСТИЮ ВО ВСЕРОССИЙСКОМ ФЕСТИВАЛЕ «ГОТОВ К ТРУДУ И ОБОРОНЕ»
Creators: name: ЦЫГАНОВСКИЙ АНДРЕЙ МИХАЙЛОВИЧ
name: ЦЫБИНА ЕЛЕНА АФАНАСЬЕВНА
name: ПЕШКОВА НАДЕЖДА ВЯЧЕСЛАВОВНА
name: КУХАРЕВА ОКСАНА ВАСИЛЬЕВНА
name: ЦЕЕВА ФАТИМА НУРБИЕВНА
Publisher: name: Физическая культура. Спорт. Туризм. Двигательная рекреация
Year: 2020
Subjects: СТУДЕНЧЕСКАЯ МОЛОДЁЖЬ
ФИЗИЧЕСКОЕ ВОСПИТАНИЕ
ФИЗИЧЕСКАЯ ПОДГОТОВЛЕННОСТЬ
НОРМАТИВЫ КОМПЛЕКСА ГТО
ФЕСТИВАЛЬ
ДИНАМИКА РЕЗУЛЬТАТОВ
STUDENTS
PHYSICAL EDUCATION
PHYSICAL FITNESS
THE RLD COMPLEX REGULATIONS
FESTIVAL
RESULTS DYNAMICS

description: На основе результатов 88 юношей, прошедших испытания по 9 видам программы комплекса «ГТО», разработана таблица с уровнями физической подготовленности по каждому виду упражнений комплекса «ГТО». Составлен общий профиль физической подготовленности команды БГУ им. акад. И. Г. Петровского и индивидуально для каждого её участника. Приведено сравнение профилей физической подготовленности с аналогичными данными победителей в командном первенстве данного турнира. Определён минимальный уровень физической подготовленности участников, необходимый для попадания в призёры, и приоритетные направления подготовки к следующему финалу студенческого фестиваля комплекса «ГТО».
Political Participation in an Asian Monarchy. A Case Study of Nepal
Creators: name: Malla, Shashi P.B.
Publisher: name: Internationales Asienforum
Year: 2018

description: To gain a proper perspective of the previous political experiments and the present day Panchayat system of Nepal, it is necessary to analyse in brief the historical and political evolution of the country. The actual modern history of Nepal starts in the year 1951 after the success of the Revolution of 1950—51, which was carried out in alliance between the Nepalese royal house of Shah and progressive political parties under the leadership of the democratic-socialistic Nepali Congress Party against the century-old autocratic regime of the powerful Rana clan. A certain analogy with the Japanese Shogunate system is evident. But unlike in Japan, where the Meiji Restoration led to the end of feudal rule and the contact with the West resulted in an accelerated modernisation of the country, in Nepal, the restoration of the royal prerogatives did not bring about large scale change in the social, economic and political spheres.
description: Internationales Asienforum, Bd. 6 Nr. 1 (1975): Internationales Asienforum
ПСИХОЛОГИЧЕСКАЯ ПОДГОТОВКА КАРАТИСТОВ КАК ВАЖНЫЙ КОМПОНЕНТ ТРЕНИРОВОЧНОГО ЭТАПА СПОРТИВНОЙ СПЕЦИАЛИЗАЦИИ
Creators: name: ЯРОШЕНКО ДАНИЛ ВИКТОРОВИЧ
Publisher: name: Физическая культура. Спорт. Туризм. Двигательная рекреация
Year: 2020
Subjects: КАРАТИСТЫ
ТРЕНИРОВОЧНЫЙ ПРОЦЕСС
СПОРТИВНАЯ СПЕЦИАЛИЗАЦИЯ
ПСИХОЛОГИЧЕСКАЯ ПОДГОТОВКА КАРАТИСТА
KARATEKA
TRAINING PROCESS
SPORTS SPECIALIZATION
PSYCHOLOGICAL TRAINING KARATEKA

description: Приведены данные исследования оценки уровня психологической подготовленности спортсменовкаратистов и её важности для успешности спортсмена. Проведено исследование эффективности авторского курса психологической подготовки каратистов.