cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Transfer und Verankerung digitaler Hochschulbildungskonzepte strukturell ermöglichen : Nachbetrachtung von Workshops mit Lehrenden und Beratenden
Creators: name: Arndt, Christiane
name: Figura, Lisa
name: Ladwig, Tina
name: Dürkop, Axel
Publisher: name: TUHH Universitätsbibliothek
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Digitalisierung
subject: Lehre
subject: Workshop
subject: Hochschulentwicklung
subject: 000: Allgemeines, Wissenschaft
subject: 370: Erziehung, Schul- und Bildungswesen

description: Erkenntnisse aus den Interviews in der ersten Projektphase des Forschungsprojektes BRIDGING 2018 mit Verbund- und Fachexpert_innen wiesen darauf hin, dass neben strategischen Fragestellungen vor allem Fragen nach struktureller Verbreitung und Verankerung von hoher Relevanz sind. Daher wurde ein Workshopkonzept entwickelt, das die strukturellen Rahmenbedingungen von Hochschulen als Ausgangspunkt nahm, um ausgehend von den relevanten Akteursgruppen Lehrende und Beratende in einen Austausch über Übernahmen, Verbreitung und Verankerung zu treten und Handlungsoptionen zu entwickeln. In dem vorliegenden Dokument finden sich sowohl das Workshopkonzept, die Dokumentation der Ergebnisse sowie zusammenfassende Reflexionen. Das Dokument ist Teil der finalen Veröffentlichungen zum Forschungsprojekt.
description: Insights from interviews with experts on networks of Higher Education Institutions (HEI) and disciplines during the first project phase of the research project BRIDGING in 2018 suggested that next to strategic questions also questions of structural dissemination and implementation are highly relevant regarding transfer. Consequently, a workshop was designed that was based on the structural level of HEI. The aim was to discuss adoption, dissemination and implementation and develop courses of action with lecturers and advisers as relevant actors. This report includes the workshop design, the documentation of the results as well as a recapitulation and reflection. It is part of the final report series of the research project.
Controlling the stability transfer between oppositely traveling waves and standing waves by inversion-symmetry-breaking perturbations
Creators: name: Pinter, A.
name: Lücke, M.
name: Hoffmann, Ch.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effect of an externally applied flow on symmetry degenerated waves propagating into opposite directions and standing waves that exchange stability with the traveling waves via mixed states is analyzed. Wave structures that consist of spiral vortices in the counter rotating Taylor-Couette system are investigated by full numerical simulations and explained quantitatively by amplitude equations containing quintic coupling terms. The latter are appropriate to describe the influence of inversion symmetry breaking perturbations on many oscillatory instabilities with O(2) symmetry.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Thermal Dimuon Yields at NA60
Creators: name: Dusling, K.
name: Teaney, D.
name: Zahed, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dilepton emission rates from a hadronic gas at finite temperature and baryon density are completely constrained by broken chiral symmetry in a density expansion. The rates can be expressed in terms of vacuum correlations which are measured in $e^+e^-$ annihilation, $τ$ decays and photo-reactions on nucleons and nuclei. In this paper, the theoretical results are summarized and the total dimuon yield is calculated by integrating the dimuon rates over the space-time history of a fireball based on hydrodynamic calculations with CERN SPS conditions. The resulting dimuon yield is in good agreement with the recent measurements reported by NA60.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures
Relaxed Magnetohydrodynamics with Ideal Ohm's Law Constraint
Creators: name: Dewar, R. L.
name: Qu, Z. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The gap between a recently developed dynamical version of relaxed magnetohydrodynamics (RxMHD) and ideal MHD (IMHD) is bridged by approximating the zero-resistivity "Ideal" Ohm's Law (IOL) constraint using an augmented Lagrangian method borrowed from optimization theory. The augmentation combines a pointwise vector Lagrange multiplier method and global penalty function method and can be used either for iterative enforcement of the IOL to arbitrary accuracy, or for constructing a continuous sequence of magnetofluid dynamics models running between RxMHD (no IOL) and weak IMHD (IOL almost everywhere). This is illustrated by deriving dispersion relations for linear waves on an MHD equilibrium.
description: 47 pages, 4 figures. Long version of condensed version accepted for publication in J. Plasma Phys. Dec 2021
Universality of Decay out of Superdeformed Bands in the 190 Mass Region
Creators: name: Cardamone, D. M.
name: Barrett, B. R.
name: Stafford, C. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Superdeformed nuclei in the 190 mass region exhibit a striking universality in their decay-out profiles. We show that this universality can be explained in the two-level model of superdeformed decay as related to a strong separation of energy scales: a higher scale related to the nuclear interactions, and a lower scale caused by electromagnetic decay. Furthermore, we present the results of the two-level model for all decays for which sufficient data are known, including statistical extraction of the matrix element for tunneling through the potential barrier.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures. v2: some minor clarifications, minor correction to Fig. 2
Supplementary Material 1 from The oldest Devonian circumpolar ray-finned fish?
Creators: name: Figueroa, Rodrigo Tinoco
name: Luiz Carlos Weinschütz
name: Friedman, Matt
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 40308 Palaeontology (incl. Palynology)
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 60301 Animal Systematics and Taxonomy
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60310 Plant Systematics and Taxonomy

description: Supplementary Information on specimen, lithology and size comparison
A hardware-efficient leakage-reduction scheme for quantum error correction with superconducting transmon qubits
Creators: name: Battistel, Francesco
name: Varbanov, Boris M.
name: Terhal, Barbara M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Leakage outside of the qubit computational subspace poses a threatening challenge to quantum error correction (QEC). We propose a scheme using two leakage-reduction units (LRUs) that mitigate these issues for a transmon-based surface code, without requiring an overhead in terms of hardware or QEC-cycle time as in previous proposals. For data qubits we consider a microwave drive to transfer leakage to the readout resonator, where it quickly decays, ensuring that this negligibly affects the coherence within the computational subspace for realistic system parameters. For ancilla qubits we apply a $|1\rangle\leftrightarrow|2\rangle$ $π$ pulse conditioned on the measurement outcome. Using density-matrix simulations of the distance-3 surface code we show that the average leakage lifetime is reduced to almost 1 QEC cycle, even when the LRUs are implemented with limited fidelity. Furthermore, we show that this leads to a significant reduction of the logical error rate. This LRU scheme opens the prospect for near-term scalable QEC demonstrations.
Structural and Magnetic Properties of Pyrochlore Solid Solutions (Y,Lu)2Ti2-x(Nb,Ta)xO7+/-y
Creators: name: West, D. V.
name: McQueen, T. M.
name: Huang, Q.
name: Cava, R. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The synthesis and characterization of the pyrochlore solid solutions, Y2Ti2-xNbxO7-y, Lu2Ti2-xNbxO7-y, Y2Ti2-xTaxO7-y and Lu2TiTaO7-y (-0.4
description: Accepted to Journal of Solid State Chemistry
title: The Monstruous and Acoustic Dimensions of Matthew Gregory Lewis’s Sonic Gothic Poem The Isle of the Devils
title: A Historical Tale Founded on an Anecdote in the Annals of Portugal (1827)
titleType: Subtitle
title: As Dimensões Sonora e Monstruosa do Poema Acústico Gótico The Isle of the Devils
title: A Historical Tale Founded on an Anecdote in the Annals of Portugal (1827), de Matthew Gregory Lewis
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Puga, Rogério Miguel
Publisher: name: CETAPS, Centre for English, Translation and Anglo-Portuguese Studies, Faculdade de Ciências Sociais e Humanas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa
Year: 2021

description: In 1827, Matthew Gregory Lewis’s posthumous poem The Isle of the Devils: A Historical Tale Founded on an Anecdote in the Annals of Portugal is published in Jamaica. This study characterizes the poetical text as an acoustic poem whose Gothicness is emphasized by its soundscapes and plots. Using concepts from Monster Studies, we analyse both the origin and the Anglo-Portuguese dimension of the mythical episode updated by Lewis and inserted in his Journal of a West India Proprietor (1834), and the Fiend’s monstruous nature, which is constructed through the soundscapes of the devils’ island and of Catholic Goa and Portugal.
description: Puga, Rogério Miguel. The Monstruous and Acoustic Dimensions of Matthew Gregory Lewis’s Sonic Gothic Poem The Isle of the Devils: A Historical Tale Founded on an Anecdote in the Annals of Portugal (1827). Revista de Estudos Anglo-Portugueses / Journal of Anglo-Portuguese Studies, n.º 30 (2021) pp. 93-125. ISSN: 0871-682X
Exchange interaction, disorder, and stacking faults in rhombohedral graphene multilayers
Creators: name: Muten, James H.
name: Copeland, Alex J.
name: McCann, Edward
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply the mean-field Hartree Fock theory of gapped electronic states at charge neutrality in bilayer graphene to thin films of rhombohedral graphite with up to thirty layers. For the ground state, the order parameter (the separation of bands at the valley center) saturates to a constant non-zero value as the layer number increases, whereas the band gap decreases with layer number. We consider chiral symmetry breaking disorder in the form of random layer potentials and chiral preserving disorder in the form of random values of the interlayer coupling. The former reduces the magnitude of the mean band gap whereas the latter has a negligible effect, which is due to self-averaging within a film with a large number of layers. We determine the ground state in the presence of an individual stacking fault which results in two pairs of low-energy bands and we identify two separate order parameters. One of them determines the band gap at zero temperature, the other determines the critical temperature leading, overall, to a temperature dependence of the band gap that is distinct to that of pristine rhombohedral graphite. In the presence of stacking faults, each individual rhombohedral section with $m$ layers contributes a pair of low-energy flat bands producing a peak in the Berry curvature located at a characteristic $m$-dependent wave vector. The Chern number per spin-valley flavor for the filled valence bands in the ground state is equal in magnitude to the total number of layers divided by two, the same value as for pristine rhombohedral graphite.
description: 16 pages, 15 figures
Stability and Related Properties of Vacua and Ground States
Creators: name: Wreszinski, Walter
name: Jaekel, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the formal non relativistc limit (nrl) of the :ϕ^4:_{s+1} relativistic quantum field theory (rqft), where s is the space dimension. Following work of R. Jackiw, we show that, for s=2 and a given value of the ultraviolet cutoff κ, there are two ways to perform the nrl: i.) fixing the renormalized mass m^2 equal to the bare mass m_0^2; ii.) keeping the renormalized mass fixed and different from the bare mass m_0^2. In the (infinite-volume) two-particle sector the scattering amplitude tends to zero as κ-> \infty in case i.) and, in case ii.), there is a bound state, indicating that the interaction potential is attractive. As a consequence, stability of matter fails for our boson system. We discuss why both alternatives do not reproduce the low-energy behaviour of the full rqft. The singular nature of the nrl is also nicely illustrated for s=1 by a rigorous stability/instability result of a different nature.
description: Latex
Constraining Saturn's interior with ring seismology: effects of differential rotation and stable stratification
Creators: name: Dewberry, Janosz W.
name: Mankovich, Christopher R.
name: Fuller, Jim
name: Lai, Dong
name: Xu, Wenrui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Normal mode oscillations in Saturn excite density and bending waves in the C Ring, providing a valuable window into the planet's interior. Saturn's fundamental modes (f modes) excite the majority of the observed waves, while gravito-inertial modes (rotationally modified g modes) associated with stable stratification in the deep interior provide a compelling explanation for additional density waves with low azimuthal wavenumbers m. However, multiplets of density waves with nearly degenerate frequencies, including an m=3 triplet, still lack a definitive explanation. We investigate the effects of rapid and differential rotation on Saturn's oscillations, calculating normal modes for independently constrained interior models. We use a non-perturbative treatment of rotation that captures the full effects of the Coriolis and centrifugal forces, and consequently the mixing of sectoral f modes with g modes characterized by very different spherical harmonic degrees. Realistic profiles for differential rotation associated with Saturn's zonal winds can enhance these mode interactions, producing detectable oscillations with frequencies separated by less than 1%. Our calculations demonstrate that a three-mode interaction involving an f mode and two g modes can feasibly explain the finely split m=3 triplet, although the fine-tuning required to produce such an interaction generally worsens agreement with seismological constraints provided by m=2 density waves. Our calculations additionally demonstrate that sectoral f mode frequencies are measurably sensitive to differential rotation in Saturn's convective envelope. Finally, we find that including realistic equatorial antisymmetry in Saturn's differential rotation profile couples modes with even and odd equatorial parity, producing oscillations that could in principle excite both density and bending waves simultaneously.
description: 23 pages, 16 figures, published in PSJ. Replacement fixes typos identified while in press
The isomorphism problem for cyclic algebras and its application
Creators: name: Hanke, Timo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 16Z05 (Primary) 16K20, 16S35, 16W20 (Secondary)

description: The isomorphism problem means to decide if two given finite-dimensional simple algebras over the same centre are isomorphic and, if so, to construct an isomorphism between them. A solution to this problem has applications in computational aspects of representation theory, algebraic geometry and Brauer group theory. The paper presents an algorithm for cyclic algebras that reduces the isomorphism problem to field theory and thus provides a solution if certain field theoretic problems including norm equations can be solved (this is satisfied over number fields). As an application, we can compute all automorphisms of any given cyclic algebra over a number field. A detailed example is provided which serves to construct an explicit example of a noncrossed product division algebra.
description: 6 pages (A4)
Corporate involvement in community betterment
Creators: name: Meyer Zu Erpen, Alison Michelle
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Resources to maintain and develop the social infrastructures which benefit communities are limited. Currently many corporations provide programs which directly enhance the welfare or lives of their employees as well as the surrounding community. Although these company sponsored programs often exist, planners do not formally include corporations in community development or social planning processes. The purpose of this thesis is to explore the possibility of corporations playing a more significant role in the betterment of the communities in which they are located. The notion of corporate responsibility is examined through a review of relevant literature. In addition, seventy corporations in the Lower Mainland of British Columbia which sponsor Employee Assistance Programs were surveyed in order to determine the degree that a sense of corporate responsibility played in establishing the program. These seventy corporations were also surveyed in order to measure their involvement in Employee Transportation Programs and Employee Child Care Programs. Corporations motives for providing these programs were also a key area of inquiry. In addition, an extensive literature review was conducted in order to examine other cases where these employee programs had been established. Company motives and experience associated with these programs were also explored. Through the survey and literature review it was determined that corporations usually participate in Employee Assistance Programs, Employee Transportation Programs and Employee Child Care for economic reasons. Although corporations do not tend to be motivated by a desire to better communities, their contribution in terms of employee programs is still valuable. It is important for planners to understand the actual corporate motive in establishing employee programs so that we may encourage corporations continued and expanded involvement in community betterment.
Generation of EPR pairs and interconversion of static and flying electron spin qubits
Creators: name: Giavaras, G.
name: Jefferson, J. H.
name: Fearn, M.
name: Lambert, C. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a method of generating fully entangled electron spin pairs using an open static quantum dot and a moving quantum dot, realized by the propagation of a surface acoustic wave (SAW) along a quasi-one-dimensional channel in a semiconductor heterostructure. In particular, we consider a static dot (SD) loaded with two interacting electrons in a singlet state and demonstrate a mechanism which enables the moving SAW-dot to capture and carry along one of the electrons, hence yielding a fully entangled static-flying pair. We also show how with the same mechanism we can load the SD with one or two electrons which are initially carried by a SAW-induced dot. The feasibility of realizing these ideas with existing semiconductor technology is demonstrated and extended to yield flying or static pairs that are fully entangled and arbitrary interconversion of static and flying electron spin qubits.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
Infrasound of a Wind Turbine Reanalyzed as Power Spectrum and Power Spectral Density
Creators: name: Baumgart, Johannes
name: Fritzsche, Christoph
name: Marburg, Steffen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The infrasound levels due to the blade-tower interaction generated by a wind turbine in the publication by Pilger and Ceranna (JSV, Vol. 388, pp. 188-200, 2017) have to be corrected to be interpreted as sound pressure level. Also, the electrical power of the wind turbine should be corrected for the high wind case to 660 kW. We provide a reanalysis of the measured data with a power spectrum showing levels for the low-frequency signal of the wind turbine about 34 dB below the original work. All measured levels at a distance of 200 m from the wind turbine's infrasound signal are well below the hearing threshold.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures
Classification algorithms applied to structure formation simulations
Creators: name: Chacón, Jazhiel
name: Vázquez, J. Alberto
name: Almaraz, Erick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Throughout cosmological simulations, the properties of the matter density field in the initial conditions have a decisive impact on the features of the structures formed today. In this paper we use a random-forest classification algorithm to infer whether or not dark matter particles, traced back to the initial conditions, would end up in dark matter halos whose masses are above some threshold. This problem might be posed as a binary classification task, where the initial conditions of the matter density field are mapped into classification labels provided by a halo finder program. Our results show that random forests are effective tools to predict the output of cosmological simulations without running the full process. These techniques might be used in the future to decrease the computational time and to explore more efficiently the effect of different dark matter/dark energy candidates on the formation of cosmological structures.
description: 16 pages, 13 Figures
Electromagnetic and Gravitational Radiation of Graviatoms
Creators: name: Laptev, Yu. P.
name: Fil'chenkov, M. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Graviatom existence conditions have been found. The graviatoms (quantum systems around mini-black-holes) satisfying these conditions contain the following charged particles: the electron, muon, tau lepton, wino, pion and kaon. Electric dipole and quadrupole and gravitational radiations are calculated for the graviatoms and compared with Hawking's mini-hole radiation.
description: 7 pages, 1 figure, 3 tables; accepted in "Astronomical and Astrophysical Transactions"
Photoionization of Rydberg Atoms in Optical Lattices
Creators: name: Cardman, Ryan
name: MacLennan, Jamie
name: Anderson, Sarah E.
name: Chen, Yun-Jhih
name: Raithel, Georg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a formalism for photoionization (PI) and potential energy curves (PECs) of Rydberg atoms in ponderomotive optical lattices and apply it to examples covering several regimes of the optical-lattice depth. The effect of lattice-induced PI on Rydberg-atom lifetime ranges from noticeable to highly dominant when compared with natural decay. The PI behavior is governed by the generally rapid decrease of the PI cross sections as a function of angular-momentum ($\ell$), and by lattice-induced $\ell$-mixing across the optical-lattice PECs. In GHz-deep lattices, $\ell$-mixing leads to a rich PEC structure, and the significant low-$\ell$ PI cross sections are distributed over many lattice-mixed Rydberg states. In lattices less than several tens-of-MHz deep, atoms on low-$\ell$ PECs are essentially $\ell$-mixing-free and maintain large PI cross sections, while atoms on high-$\ell$ PECs trend towards being PI-free. Characterization of PI in GHz-deep Rydberg-atom lattices may be beneficial for optical control and quantum-state manipulation of Rydberg atoms, while data on PI in shallower lattices are potentially useful in high-precision spectroscopy and quantum-computing applications of lattice-confined Rydberg atoms.
Interplay of chemical pressure and hydrogen insertion effects in $ {\bf CeRhSn} $ from first principles
Creators: name: Alam, A. F. Al
name: Matar, S. F.
name: Ouaini, N.
name: Nakhl, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Investigations within the local spin density functional theory (LSDF) of the intermetallic hydride system $ {\rm CeRhSnH_x} $ were carried out for discrete model compositions in the range $ 0.33 \leq x_H \leq 1.33 $. The aim of this study is to assess the change of the cerium valence state in the neighborhood of the experimental hydride composition, $ {\rm CeRhSnH_{0.8}} $. In agreement with experiment, the analyses of the electronic and magnetic structures and of the chemical bonding properties point to trivalent cerium for $ 1 \leq x_H \leq 1.33 $. In contrast, for lower hydrogen amounts the hydride system stays in an intermediate-valent state for cerium, like in $ {\rm CeRhSn} $. The influence of the insertion of hydrogen is addressed from both the volume expansion and chemical bonding effects. The latter are found to have the main influence on the change of Ce valence character. Spin polarized calculations point to a finite magnetic moment carried by the Ce $ 4f $ states; its magnitude increases with $ x_H $ in the range $ 1 \leq x_H \leq 1.33 $.
The type Ia supernova SNLS-03D3bb from a super-Chandrasekhar-mass white dwarf star
Creators: name: Howell, D. Andrew
name: Sullivan, Mark
name: Nugent, Peter E.
name: Ellis, Richard S.
name: Conley, Alexander J.
name: Borgne, Damien Le
name: Carlberg, Raymond G.
name: Guy, Julien
name: Balam, David
name: Basa, Stephane
name: Fouchez, Dominique
name: Hook, Isobel M.
name: Hsiao, Eric Y.
name: Neill, James D.
name: Pain, Reynald
name: Perrett, Kathryn M.
name: Pritchet, Christopher J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The acceleration of the expansion of the universe, and the need for Dark Energy, were inferred from the observations of Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia). There is consensus that SNe Ia are thermonuclear explosions that destroy carbon-oxygen white dwarf stars that accrete matter from a companion star, although the nature of this companion remains uncertain. SNe Ia are thought to be reliable distance indicators because they have a standard amount of fuel and a uniform trigger -- they are predicted to explode when the mass of the white dwarf nears the Chandrasekhar mass -- 1.4 solar masses. Here we show that the high redshift supernova SNLS-03D3bb has an exceptionally high luminosity and low kinetic energy that both imply a super-Chandrasekhar mass progenitor. Super-Chandrasekhar mass SNe Ia should preferentially occur in a young stellar population, so this may provide an explanation for the observed trend that overluminous SNe Ia only occur in young environments. Since this supernova does not obey the relations that allow them to be calibrated as standard candles, and since no counterparts have been found at low redshift, future cosmology studies will have to consider contamination from such events.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures. To appear in Nature Sept. 21. Accompanying News & Views in same issue. Supplementary information available at www.nature.com/nature
On Polarization Of The Beam Extracted With The Bent Crystal
Creators: name: Ukhanov, M. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Particles scattered off the nuclear target acquire a polarization if the nuclei have a non zero analyzing power. This effect is enhanced when particles traverse a bent crystal. Such enhancement under certain assumptions allows one to measure the analyzing power at the level of 10^-4 at the square of transfer momentum |t| < 10^-5 (GeV/c)2. If it happens that the analyzing power is big enough, then one can get the beam polarization more than 50% after extraction of the primary beam with the bent crystal.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, Talk at the SPIN-2006 symposium; IHEP 2007-3 http://dbserv.ihep.su/~pubs/prep2007/07-03-w.htm
The continuum of shelter uncertainty: a case study of Vancouver planning responses to homelessness
Creators: name: Gagan, Tracey
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: One of the major obstacles to dealing with homelessness has been the difficulty in defining the term. In the mid-1980s, the United Nations proposed a definition of homelessness which acknowledges a range of housing related needs. However, in practice the public sector generally uses a narrower meaning of the term, considering only those who are dependent on emergency shelters and those absolutely without shelter, to be “homeless”. No common definition of homelessness has gained wide acceptance in Canada. Conceptual gaps are created, as the problem of homelessness is defined differently by various sectors and levels of government. The absence of formal recognition of this complex social problem has not served to diminish its impact. An alternative concept of homelessness relates to the continuum of shelter uncertainty among the poverty population. Certain markings of vulnerability to homelessness have been identified to determine which groups are “at risk” of experiencing homelessness. This thesis contends that the broader concept of homeless may be utilized at the municipal level, to better characterise the local nature of the problem and inform responses to local housing need. A case study is presented to explore how the term “homelessness” is operationalized by the City of Vancouver. The opportunities and constraints of municipal housing planning and policy in addressing homelessness are analyzed. Service providers and government representatives were surveyed to evaluate the effectiveness of the City of Vancouver’s responses to the homeless. While the limitations on municipal action were acknowledged, respondents generally support an expanded role for the City as a more proactive facilitator and advocate. The study finds that the range and diversity of acute housing need in the Vancouver case, supports the rationale for broadening the meaning of homelessness and including at risk groups in local planning for the homeless.
Cartes auto-organisées pour l'analyse exploratoire de données et la visualisation
Creators: name: Cottrell, Marie
name: Ibbou, SmaÏl
name: Letrémy, Patrick
name: Rousset, Patrick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper shows how to use the Kohonen algorithm to represent multidimensional data, by exploiting the self-organizing property. It is possible to get such maps as well for quantitative variables as for qualitative ones, or for a mixing of both. The contents of the paper come from various works by SAMOS-MATISSE members, in particular by E. de Bodt, B. Girard, P. Letrémy, S. Ibbou, P. Rousset. Most of the examples have been studied with the computation routines written by Patrick Letrémy, with the language IML-SAS, which are available on the WEB page http://samos.univ-paris1.fr.
description: Article de synth\`{e}se sur les applications de l'algorithme de Kohonen pour la visualisation et l'analyse de donn\'{e}es
Additional file 1 of Fluid balance and renal replacement therapy initiation strategy: a secondary analysis of the STARRT-AKI trial
Creators: name: Wald, Ron
name: Kirkham, Brian
name: daCosta, Bruno R.
name: Ghamarian, Ehsan
name: Adhikari, Neill K. J.
name: Beaubien-Souligny, William
name: Bellomo, Rinaldo
name: Gallagher, Martin P.
name: Goldstein, Stuart
name: Hoste, Eric A. J.
name: Liu, Kathleen D.
name: Neyra, Javier A.
name: Ostermann, Marlies
name: Palevsky, Paul M.
name: Schneider, Antoine
name: Vaara, Suvi T.
name: Bagshaw, Sean M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Table S1: Median fluid accumulation through Day 14, in the modified intention to treat population, stratified by subgroups. Table S2: The effect of accelerated vs standard RRT strategy on outcomes across deciles of baseline fluid balance. Table S3: The effect of accelerated vs standard RRT strategy on outcomes in patients with ≤ or > 10% fluid overload at baseline.
Defects and Phase Formation in Non-Stoichiometric LaFeO$_3$: a Combined Theoretical and Experimental Study
Creators: name: Mutter, Daniel
name: Schierholz, Roland
name: Urban, Daniel F.
name: Heuer, Sabrina A.
name: Ohlerth, Thorsten
name: Kungl, Hans
name: Elsässer, Christian
name: Eichel, Rüdiger-A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The defect chemistry of perovskite compounds is directly related to the stoichiometry and to the valence states of the transition-metal ions. Defect engineering has become increasingly popular as it offers the possibility to influence the catalytic properties of perovskites for applications in energy storage and conversion devices such as solid-oxide fuel- and electrolyzer cells. LaFeO$_3$ (LFO) can be regarded as a base compound of the family of catalytically active perovskites La$_{1-x}$A$_x$Fe$_{1-y}$B$_y$O$_{3-δ}$, for which the defect chemistry as well as the electronic and ionic conductivity can be tuned by substitution on cationic sites. Combining theoretical and experimental approaches, we explore the suitability for A-site vacancy engineering, namely the feasibility of actively manipulating the valence state of Fe and the concentration of point defects by synthesizing La-deficient LFO. Formation energies and concentrations of point defects were determined as a function of processing conditions by first-principles DFT+U calculations. Based on the results, significant compositional deviations from stoichiometric LFO cannot be expected by providing rich or poor conditions of the oxidic precursor compounds (Fe$_2$O$_3$ and La$_2$O$_3$) in a solid-state processing route. In the experimental part, LFO was synthesized with a targeted La-site deficiency. We analyze the resulting phases by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy, (scanning) transmission electron microscopy in combination with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and electron energy-loss spectrometry. Instead of a variation of the La/Fe ratio, a mixture of the two phases Fe$_2$O$_3$ and LFO was observed, resulting in an invariant charge state of Fe, in line with the theoretical results. We discuss our findings with respect to partly differing assumptions made in previous studies on this material system.
description: 30 pages, 9 figures, preliminary reference: Chem. Mater. 2021, XXXX, XXX, XXX-XXX
Investigation of the stability for fully-heavy $bc\bar{b}\bar{c}$ tetraquark states
Creators: name: Yang, Zi-Yan
name: Wang, Qi-Nan
name: Chen, Wei
name: Chen, Hua-Xing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the existence of fully-heavy hidden-flavor $bc\bar{b}\bar{c}$ tetraquark states with various $J^{PC}=0^{\pm+}, 0^{--},1^{\pm\pm}, 2^{++}$, by using the moment QCD sum rule method augmented by fundamental inequalities. Using the moment sum rule analyses, our calculation shows that the masses for the S-wave positive parity $bc\bar{b}\bar{c}$ tetraquark states are about $12.2-12.4$ GeV in both $[\mathbf{\bar{3}_c}]_{bc}\otimes[\mathbf{3_c}]_{\bar{b}\bar{c}}$ and $[\mathbf{6_c}]_{bc}\otimes[\mathbf{\bar{6}_c}]_{\bar{b}\bar{c}}$ color configuration channels. Except for two $0^{++}$ states, such results are below the thresholds $T_{η_cη_b}/T_{Υψ}$ and $T_{B_cB_c}$, implying that these S-wave positive parity $bc\bar{b}\bar{c}$ tetraquark states are probably stable against the strong interaction. For the P-wave negative parity $bc\bar{b}\bar{c}$ tetraquarks, their masses in the $[\mathbf{\bar{3}_c}]_{bc}\otimes[\mathbf{3_c}]_{\bar{b}\bar{c}}$ channel are around $12.9-13.2$ GeV, while a bit higher in the $[\mathbf{6_c}]_{bc}\otimes[\mathbf{\bar{6}_c}]_{\bar{b}\bar{c}}$ channel. They can decay into the $c\bar c+b\bar b$ and $c\bar b+b\bar c$ final states via the spontaneous dissociation mechanism, including the $J/ψΥ$, $η_cΥ$, $J/ψη_b$, $B_c^+B_c^-$ channels.
description: 19 pages, 3 figures. Version appears in PRD
Long-distance entanglement of purification and reflected entropy in conformal field theory
Creators: name: Camargo, Hugo A.
name: Hackl, Lucas
name: Heller, Michal P.
name: Jahn, Alexander
name: Windt, Bennet
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantifying entanglement properties of mixed states in quantum field theory via entanglement of purification and reflected entropy is a new and challenging subject. In this work, we study both quantities for two spherical subregions far away from each other in the vacuum of a conformal field theory in any number of dimensions. Using lattice techniques, we find an elementary proof that the decay of both, the entanglement of purification and reflected entropy, is enhanced with respect to the mutual information behaviour by a logarithm of the distance between the subregions. In the case of the Ising spin chain at criticality and the related free fermion conformal field theory, we compute also the overall coefficients numerically for the both quantities of interest.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures + appendices; v2: previous results unchanged, added proof of the long-distance behaviour of EoP, reorganized presentation
An improved light-cone harmonic oscillator model for the pionic leading-twist distribution amplitude
Creators: name: Zhong, Tao
name: Zhu, Zhi-Hao
name: Fu, Hai-Bing
name: Wu, Xing-Gang
name: Huang, Tao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we study the pion leading-twist distribution amplitude $ϕ_{2;π}(x,μ)$ by improving the traditional light-cone harmonic oscillator model within the reconstruction of the function $φ_{2;π}(x)$. In order to constraining the model parameters, we calculate its moments $\langleξ^n\rangle_{2;π}|_μ$ in the framework of QCD background field theory sum rule (BFTSR) up to $10^{\rm th}$ order. Considering the fact that the sum rule of the $0^{\rm th}$ moment $\langleξ^0\rangle_{2;π}|_μ$ cannot be normalized, we suggest a more reasonable sum rule formula for $\langleξ^n\rangle_{2;π}|_μ$. Then, we obtain the values of $\langleξ^n\rangle_{2;π}|_{μ_0}$ with $n=(2,4,6,8,10)$ at the initial scale $μ_0 = 1~{\rm GeV}$. The first two moments are: $\langle ξ^2\rangle_{2;π}|_{μ_0} = 0.271 \pm 0.013$, $\langleξ^4\rangle_{2;π}|_{μ_0} = 0.138 \pm 0.010$; and the corresponding Gegenbauer moments are $a^{2;π}_2(μ_0) = 0.206 \pm 0.038$, $a^{2;π}_4(μ_0) = 0.047 \pm 0.011$, respectively. After fitting the moments $\langleξ^n\rangle_{2;π}|_μ$, we obtained the appropriate model parameters by using the least square method. The resultant behavior for twist-2 pion DA is more closely to the AdS/QCD and lattice result, but is narrower than that by Dyson-Schwinger equation. Furthermore, we calculate the pion-photon transition form factors (TFF) and $B\toπ$ TFF within light-cone sum rule approach, which are conform with experimental and theoretical results.
description: 15 pages, 6 figures, matches the version to appear in PRD
Hermitian structures on cotangent bundles of four dimensional solvable Lie groups
Creators: name: de Andrés, L. C.
name: Barberis, M. L.
name: Dotti, I.
name: Fernández, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 17B30; 53C15; 22E25; 53C55; 53D17

description: We study hermitian structures, with respect to the standard neutral metric on the cotangent bundle $T^*G$ of a 2n-dimensional Lie group $G$, which are left invariant with respect to the Lie group structure on $T^*G$ induced by the coadjoint action. These are in one-to-one correspondence with left invariant generalized complex structures on $G$. Using this correspondence and results of Cavalcanti-Gualtieri and Fernández-Gotay-Gray, it turns out that when $G$ is nilpotent and four or six dimensional, the cotangent bundle $T^*G$ always has a hermitian structure. However, we prove that if $G$ is a four dimensional solvable Lie group admitting neither complex nor symplectic structures, then $T^*G$ has no hermitian structure or, equivalently, $G$ has no left invariant generalized complex structure.
description: 26 pages. Typos corrected
Critical phenomena in atmospheric precipitation
Creators: name: Peters, Ole
name: Neelin, J. David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Critical phenomena near continuous phase transitions are typically observed on the scale of wavelengths of visible light[1]. Here we report similar phenomena for atmospheric precipitation on scales of tens of kilometers. Our observations have important implications not only for meteorology but also for the interpretation of self-organized criticality (SOC) in terms of absorbing-state phase transitions, where feedback mechanisms between order- and tuning-parameter lead to criticality.[2] While numerically the corresponding phase transitions have been studied,[3, 4] we characterise for the first time a physical system believed to display SOC[5] in terms of its underlying phase transition. In meteorology the term quasi-equilibrium (QE)[6] refers to a state towards which the atmosphere is driven by slow large-scale processes and rapid convective buoyancy release. We present evidence here that QE, postulated two decades earlier than SOC[7], is associated with the critical point of a continuous phase transition and is thus an instance of SOC.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Model dependence of the neutrino-deuteron disintegration cross sections at low energies
Creators: name: Mosconi, B.
name: Ricci, P.
name: Truhlik, E.
name: Vogel, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Model dependence of the reaction rates for the weak breakup of deuterons by low energy neutrinos is studied starting from the cross sections derived from potential models and also from pionless effective field theory. Choosing the spread of the reaction yields, caused basically by the different ways the two-body currents are treated, as a measure of the model dependent uncertainty, we conclude that the breakup reactions are $\sim$ 2 - 3 % uncertain, and that even the ratio of the charged to neutral current reaction rates is also $\sim$ 2 % uncertain.
description: 13 pages, 1 figure, 6 tables, version published in Phys. Rev. C 75, 044610 (2007)
Revisiting the explodability of single massive star progenitors of stripped-envelope supernovae
Creators: name: Zapartas, E.
name: Renzo, M.
name: Fragos, T.
name: Dotter, A.
name: Andrews, J. J.
name: Bavera, S. S.
name: Coughlin, S.
name: Misra, D.
name: Kovlakas, K.
name: Román-Garza, J.
name: Serra, J. G.
name: Qin, Y.
name: Rocha, K. A.
name: Tran, N. H.
name: Xing, Z. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Stripped-envelope supernovae (Types IIb, Ib, and Ic) that show little or no hydrogen comprise roughly one-third of the observed explosions of massive stars. Their origin and the evolution of their progenitors are not yet fully understood. Very massive single stars stripped by their own winds ($\gtrsim 25-30 M_{\odot}$ at solar metallicity) are considered viable progenitors of these events. However, recent 1D core-collapse simulations show that some massive stars may collapse directly into black holes after a failed explosion, with a weak or no visible transient. In this letter, we estimate the effect of direct collapse into a black hole on the rates of stripped-envelope supernovae that arise from single stars. For this, we compute single-star MESA models at solar metallicity and map their final state to their core-collapse outcome following prescriptions commonly used in population synthesis. According to our models, no single stars that have lost their entire hydrogen-rich envelope are able to explode, and only a fraction of progenitors left with a thin hydrogen envelope do (IIb progenitor candidates), unless we use a prescription that takes the effect of turbulence into account or invoke increased wind mass-loss rates. This result increases the existing tension between the single-star paradigm to explain most stripped-envelope supernovae and their observed rates and properties. At face value, our results point toward an even higher contribution of binary progenitors to stripped-envelope supernovae. Alternatively, they may suggest inconsistencies in the common practice of mapping different stellar models to core-collapse outcomes and/or higher overall mass loss in massive stars.
description: Published in Astronomy & Astrophysics Letters; One main enhancement: added Couch et al. (2020) in the list of supernova engines
Use Software in your research? Cite it and credit for it!
Creators: name: Erdmann, Christopher
name: Stall, Shelley
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: AGU Fall Meeting
Software Citation

description: The software that supports your research needs to be preserved in a repository with robust metadata and a persistent identifier that supports citation. This workshop will provide recommendations on software licensing for reuse, metadata, versioning, referencing GitHub, how to determine your authors, persistent identifiers, citations, and getting credit for your software. Presentation at AGU Fall Meeting, Monday, 13 December 2021, 09:00 - 10:00, Convention Center - AGU Central: Connections and Collaboration Theater (B1), First Floor. https://agu.confex.com/agu/fm21/meetingapp.cgi/Session/148468 This work is supported by Accelerating Open and FAIR Data Practices Across the Earth, Space, and Environmental Sciences: A Pilot with the NSF to Support Public Access to Research Data project funded by the National Science Foundation, Grant 2025364.