cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
How Powerful are Interest Diffusion on Purchasing Prediction: A Case Study of Taocode
Creators: name: Huang, Xuanwen
name: Yang, Yang
name: Cheng, Ziqiang
name: Fan, Shen
name: Wang, Zhongyao
name: Li, Juren
name: Zhang, Jun
name: Chen, Jingmin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A taocode is a kind of specially coded text-link on Taobao(the world's biggest online shopping website), through which users can share messages about products with each other. Analyzing taocodes can potentially facilitate understanding of the social relationships between users and, more excitingly, their online purchasing behaviors under the influence of taocode diffusion. This paper innovatively investigates the problem of online purchasing predictions from an information diffusion perspective, with taocode as a case study. Specifically, we conduct profound observational studies on a large-scale real-world dataset from Taobao, containing over 100M Taocode sharing records. Inspired by our observations, we propose InfNet, a dynamic GNN-based framework that models the information diffusion across Taocode. We then apply InfNet to item purchasing predictions. Extensive experiments on real-world datasets validate the effectiveness of InfNet compared with 8 state-of-the-art baselines.
Giant twist-angle dependence of thermal conductivity in bilayer graphene originating from strong interlayer coupling
Creators: name: Feng, H. F.
name: Liu, B.
name: Guo, Zhi-Xin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, the twist-angle effect on 2D van der Walls (vdW) materials, such as bilayer graphene, has attracted great attention. Many novel electronic, magnetic and even optical properties induced by such effect have been discovered. However, the twist-angle effect on phononic property is not so remarkable. By investigating the thermal conductivity of twist bilayer graphene (TBG), here we reveal that the trivial twist-angle effect on phononic property observed in previous studies is owing to the non-localization nature of phonons. This characteristic makes phonons hardly trapped by the weak interlayer potentials induced by the twist-angle dependent Moiré pattern. We propose that the twist-angle effect can be effectively enhanced by increasing the interface coupling. In use of a sandwich structure composed of h-BN and TBG, we demonstrate that the thermal conductivity of TBG can be either significantly increased or dramatically decreased, under the synergistic modulation of interlayer coupling strength and twist angle. Particularly, the twist-angle effect can lead to a nontrivial reduction of thermal conductivity up to 78% when a strong interlayer coupling is applied. The reduction is several times larger than that observed in the freestanding TBG where the reduction is attributed to the twist-angle dependent phonon scatterings induced by the edge phonons. The underlying mechanism for the giant twist-angle dependence of thermal conductivity is further revealed on the basis of phonon transport theory. Our findings provide a platform for achieving efficient twist-angle modulation on phonon transport property of vdW materials.
description: 5 figures
Radio Continuum and Methanol Observations of DR21(OH)
Creators: name: Araya, Esteban D.
name: Kurtz, Stan
name: Hofner, Peter
name: Linz, Hendrik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report high sensitivity sub-arcsecond angular resolution observations of the massive star forming region DR21(OH) at 3.6, 1.3, and 0.7 cm obtained with the Very Large Array. In addition, we conducted observations of CH3OH 44 GHz masers. We detected more than 30 new maser components in the DR21(OH) region. Most of the masers appear to trace a sequence of bow-shocks in a bipolar outflow. The cm continuum observations reveal a cluster of radio sources; the strongest emission is found toward the molecular core MM1. The radio sources in MM1 are located about 5" north of the symmetry center of the CH3OH outflow, and therefore, they are unlikely to be associated with the outflow. Instead, the driving source of the outflow is likely located in the MM2 core. Although based on circumstantial evidence, the radio continuum from MM1 appears to trace free-free emission from shock-ionized gas in a jet. The orientation of the putative jet in MM1 is approximately parallel to the CH3OH outflow and almost perpendicular to the large scale molecular filament that connects DR21 and DR21(OH). This suggests that the (accretion) disks associated with the outflows/jets in the DR21 - DR21(OH) region have symmetry axes mostly perpendicular to the filament.
description: 26 pages, 6 figures. Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
Axion Search with Q & A Experiment
Creators: name: Mei, Hsien-Hao
name: Ni, Wei-Tou
name: Chen, Sheng-Jui
name: Pan, Sheau-shi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dark matter is a focused issue in galactic evolution and cosmology. Axion is a viable particle candidate for dark matter. Its interaction with photon is an effective way to detect it, e.g., pseudoscalar-photon interaction will generate vacuum dichroism in a magnetic field. Motivated to measure the QED vacuum birefringence and to detect pseudoscalar-photon interaction, we started to build up the Q & A experiment (QED [Quantum Electrodynamics] and Axion experiment) in 1994. In this talk, we first give a brief historical account of planet hunting and dark matter evidence. We then review our 3.5 m Fabry-Perot interferometer together with our results of measuring vacuum dichroism and gaseous Cotton-Mouton effects. Our first results give (-0.2 $\pm$ 2.8) $\times$ 10$^{-13}$ rad/pass, at 2.3 T with 18,700 passes through a 0.6 m long magnet, for vacuum dichroism measurement. We are upgrading our interferometer to 7 m arm-length with a new 1.8 m 2.3 T permanent magnet capable of rotation up to 13 cycles per second. We aim at 10 nrad/Hz$^{1/2}$ optical sensitivity with 532 nm cavity finesse around 100,000. When achieved, vacuum dichroism would be measured to 8.6 $\times$ 10$^{-17}$ rad/pass in about 50 days, and QED birefringence would be measured to 28 %.
description: 10 pages, 3 tables and 3 figures, presented in the International Workshop on Dark Matter, Dark Energy and Matter-Antimatter Asymmetry (Hsinchu, Taiwan, Nov. 20-21 2009); submitted to Modern Physics Letters. Rev. 2 is replaced for other collaborations' status/new-result corrections in Table 2, and 2 ref.s are added
Automatic Mixed-Precision Quantization Search of BERT
Creators: name: Zhao, Changsheng
name: Hua, Ting
name: Shen, Yilin
name: Lou, Qian
name: Jin, Hongxia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Pre-trained language models such as BERT have shown remarkable effectiveness in various natural language processing tasks. However, these models usually contain millions of parameters, which prevents them from practical deployment on resource-constrained devices. Knowledge distillation, Weight pruning, and Quantization are known to be the main directions in model compression. However, compact models obtained through knowledge distillation may suffer from significant accuracy drop even for a relatively small compression ratio. On the other hand, there are only a few quantization attempts that are specifically designed for natural language processing tasks. They suffer from a small compression ratio or a large error rate since manual setting on hyper-parameters is required and fine-grained subgroup-wise quantization is not supported. In this paper, we proposed an automatic mixed-precision quantization framework designed for BERT that can simultaneously conduct quantization and pruning in a subgroup-wise level. Specifically, our proposed method leverages Differentiable Neural Architecture Search to assign scale and precision for parameters in each sub-group automatically, and at the same time pruning out redundant groups of parameters. Extensive evaluations on BERT downstream tasks reveal that our proposed method outperforms baselines by providing the same performance with much smaller model size. We also show the feasibility of obtaining the extremely light-weight model by combining our solution with orthogonal methods such as DistilBERT.
Multi-band Emission up to PeV Energy from the Crab Nebula in a Spatially Dependent Lepto-hadronic Model
Creators: name: Peng, Qi-Yong
name: Bao, Bi-Wen
name: Lu, Fang-Wu
name: Zhang, Li
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Multi-band emission from radio to ultra-high energy gamma-rays in the Crab Nebula has been detected. To explain the observed results, non-thermal photon production \textbf{in} the Crab Nebula is carefully studied in a spatially dependent lepto-hadronic model. In our model, the dynamical evolution of the PWN is simulated in a spherically symmetric system. Both electrons and protons are accelerated at the termination shock. The relevant particle propagation equations as well as the photon evolving equation are simultaneously solved. For the Crab Nebula, our results reveal that the observed multi-band photon spectra can be well reproduced with reasonable model parameters. In particular, the photons with energy $\gtrsim 200$ TeV are mainly contributed by the hadronic component via proton-proton interaction. The contribution of the hadronic component depends on both proton spectral index $α_{\rm p}$ and number density $n_{\rm H}$ of medium within the PWN. Besides, high energy neutrino fluxes are predicted with variable proton spectral indices. The predicted fluxes are not only far below the sensitivities of current neutrino observatories, but also beneath the atmospheric neutrino background with energy less than $\sim 40$ TeV. Moreover, the calculated radial profiles of surface brightness and spectral index are presented.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures, ApJ accepted
Anaerobic biodegradation of pyrene by Klebsiella sp. LZ6 and its proposed metabolic pathway
Creators: name: Li, Xiang
name: Zhang, Xueying
name: Li, Lian
name: Lin, Chaoba
name: Dong, Weiliang
name: Shen, Weiran
name: Yong, Xiaoyu
name: Jia, Honghua
name: Wu, Xiayuan
name: Zhou, Jun
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Pyrene is one of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, which are a potential threat to ecosystems due to their mutagenicity, carcinogenicity, and teratogenicity. In this study, several bacteria were isolated from oil contaminated sludge and their capacity to biodegrade pyrene was investigated. Of these bacteria, the monoculture strain LZ6 showed the highest pyrene anaerobic biodegradation rate of 33% after 30 days when the initial concentration was 50 mg/L, and was identified as Klebsiella sp. LZ6 by morphological observation, the GENIII technology of Biolog, and 16S rDNA gene sequence analysis. The influence of various culture parameters on the biodegradation of pyrene were evaluated, and Klebsiella sp. LZ6 all showed the high degradation rate at an inoculum of 10–20% (v/v), pH 6.0–8.4, temperature 30–38°C, and initial pyrene concentration of 50–150 mg/L. The intermediate metabolites of the anaerobic biodegradation were analyzed by GC-MS. Several metabolites were identified, such as pyrene, 4,5-dihydro-, phenanthrene, dibenzo-p-dioxin, and 4-hydroxycinnamate acid. The anaerobic metabolic pathway for the degradation of pyrene was inferred by the products. It seems that pyrene was first reduced to pyrene,4,5-dihydro- by the adding of two hydrogen atoms, and then the carbon–carbon bond cleavage at saturated carbon atoms generated phenanthrene.
Mining for adverse drug events with formal concept analysis
Creators: name: Estacio-Moreno, Alexander
name: Toussaint, Yannick
name: Bousquet, Cédric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The pharmacovigilance databases consist of several case reports involving drugs and adverse events (AEs). Some methods are applied consistently to highlight all signals, i.e. all statistically significant associations between a drug and an AE. These methods are appropriate for verification of more complex relationships involving one or several drug(s) and AE(s) (e.g; syndromes or interactions) but do not address the identification of them. We propose a method for the extraction of these relationships based on Formal Concept Analysis (FCA) associated with disproportionality measures. This method identifies all sets of drugs and AEs which are potential signals, syndromes or interactions. Compared to a previous experience of disproportionality analysis without FCA, the addition of FCA was more efficient for identifying false positives related to concomitant drugs.
MPEC 2023-K187 : 2014 LZ20
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Mid-infrared PAH and H2 emission as a probe of physical conditions in extreme PDRs
Creators: name: Berne, O.
name: Fuente, A.
name: Goicoechea, J. R.
name: Pilleri, P.
name: Gonzalez-Garcia, M.
name: Joblin, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Mid-infrared (IR) observations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and molecular hydrogen emission are a potentially powerful tool to derive physical properties of dense environments irradiated by intense UV fields. We present new, spatially resolved, \emph{Spitzer} mid-IR spectroscopy of the high UV-field and dense photodissocation region (PDR) around Monoceros R2, the closest ultracompact \hII region, revealing the spatial structure of ionized gas, PAHs and H$_2$ emissions. Using a PDR model and PAH emission feature fitting algorithm, we build a comprehensive picture of the physical conditions prevailing in the region. We show that the combination of the measurement of PAH ionization fraction and of the ratio between the H$_2$ 0-0 S(3) and S(2) line intensities, respectively at 9.7 and 12.3 $μ$m, allows to derive the fundamental parameters driving the PDR: temperature, density and UV radiation field when they fall in the ranges $T = 250-1500 $K, $n_H=10^4-10^6$cm$^{-3}$, $G_0=10^3-10^5$ respectively. These mid-IR spectral tracers thus provide a tool to probe the similar but unresolved UV-illuminated surface of protoplanetary disks or the nuclei of starburst galaxies.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ Letters
Multiagent Inverse Reinforcement Learning via Theory of Mind Reasoning
Creators: name: Wu, Haochen
name: Sequeira, Pedro
name: Pynadath, David V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 68T01

description: We approach the problem of understanding how people interact with each other in collaborative settings, especially when individuals know little about their teammates, via Multiagent Inverse Reinforcement Learning (MIRL), where the goal is to infer the reward functions guiding the behavior of each individual given trajectories of a team's behavior during some task. Unlike current MIRL approaches, we do not assume that team members know each other's goals a priori; rather, that they collaborate by adapting to the goals of others perceived by observing their behavior, all while jointly performing a task. To address this problem, we propose a novel approach to MIRL via Theory of Mind (MIRL-ToM). For each agent, we first use ToM reasoning to estimate a posterior distribution over baseline reward profiles given their demonstrated behavior. We then perform MIRL via decentralized equilibrium by employing single-agent Maximum Entropy IRL to infer a reward function for each agent, where we simulate the behavior of other teammates according to the time-varying distribution over profiles. We evaluate our approach in a simulated 2-player search-and-rescue operation where the goal of the agents, playing different roles, is to search for and evacuate victims in the environment. Our results show that the choice of baseline profiles is paramount to the recovery of the ground-truth rewards, and that MIRL-ToM is able to recover the rewards used by agents interacting both with known and unknown teammates.
description: Accepted as a full paper at AAMAS2023
Four-dimensional conformal flat QK3-manifolds
Creators: name: Kassabov, Ognian T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53B25, 53B35

description: A classification theorem for 4-dimensional conformally flat QK3-manifolds is proved.
description: 3 pages
Additional file 1 of Childhood disability in rural Niger: a population-based assessment using the Key Informant Method
Creators: name: Banks, Lena Morgon
name: Liu, Jing
name: Kielland, Anne
name: Tahirou, Ali Bako
name: Harouna, Abdoul Karim Seydou
name: Mactaggart, Islay
name: Dybdahl, Ragnhild
name: Mounkaila, Dan Firoun
name: Grønningsæter, Arne
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1.
Pseudoduality Between Symmetric Space Sigma Models
Creators: name: Sarisaman, Mustafa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the pseudoduality transformation on the symmetric space sigma models. We switch the Lie group valued pseudoduality equations to Lie algebra valued ones, which leads to an infinite number of pseudoduality equations. We obtain an infinite number of conserved currents on the tangent bundle of the pseudodual manifold. We show that there can be mixing of decomposed spaces with each other, which leads to mixings of the following expressions. We obtain the mixing forms of curvature relations and one loop renormalization group beta functions by means of these currents.
description: 33 pages, typos corrected and some new references added
Flag: a Self-Dual Modality for Non-Commutative Contraction and Duplication in the Category of Coherence Spaces
Creators: name: Retoré, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.4.1; F.3.2

description: After reminding what coherences spaces are and how they interpret linear logic, we define a modality "flag" in the category of coherence spaces (or hypercoherences) with two inverse linear (iso)morphisms: "duplication" from (flag A) to ((flag A) < (flag A)) and "contraction" in the opposite direction -- where < is the self dual and non-commutative connective known as "before" in pomset logic and known as "seq(ential)" in the deep inference system (S)BV. In addition, as expected, the coherence space A is a retract of its modal image (flag A). This suggests an intuitive interpretation of (flag A) as "repeatedly A" or as "A at any instant" when "before" is given a temporal interpretation. We hope the semantic construction of flag(A) will help to design proof rules for "flag" and we briefly discuss this at the end of the paper.
description: In Proceedings Linearity&TLLA 2020, arXiv:2112.14305
Bird flocking as a foraging strategy
Creators: name: Thompson, William Andrew
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: To assess the survival value of bird flocking, a simulation model was constructed based upon known bird behaviours. The primary source of information for the model was published theory and data on small passerines. By avoiding the confounding factors of predation (on the birds) and breeding, applicability is restricted to winter flocks foraging on low density prey populations. Simulation experiments were performed to examine the effects on feeding success of variation in the behavioural parameters (sensitivity analysis), variation in prey distribution, variation in flock size, differences between birds in behavioural parameters, variation in number of 'prey types' (monomorphic vs. Polymorphic prey populations), and variation in the ratio of abundance for two prey types. Success was measured two ways: 1) as mean capture rate and 2) as the probability of a bird's making no captures in twenty simulated minutes ('risk'). The latter measure may be more appropriate under winter conditions when a single day's inadequate feeding may seriously diminish a bird's likelihood of survival. To examine long-run model behaviour, methods were developed to approximate the simulation with a Markov model. Simulation experiments varying prey distribution indicated that a two parameter characterization of a prey population (e.g. mean density and variance over mean density) is not adequate to estimate the sensitivity analysis revealed the importance of 'giving-up time' (the time from last prey capture until the bird leaves the immediate foraging area) to feeding success. Flocking reduced 'risk' whenever prey were moderately to highly clumped. Flocking also enhanced the mean capture rate when prey were clumped and polymorphic (a polymorphic prey population means two or more major types of prey, not necessarily of the same species). When the prey population was monomorphic, flocking neither increased nor decreased the mean capture rate.
Clustered Data Sharing for Non-IID Federated Learning over Wireless Networks
Creators: name: Hu, Gang
name: Teng, Yinglei
name: Wang, Nan
name: Yu, F. Richard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.11; C.2.4

description: Federated Learning (FL) is a novel distributed machine learning approach to leverage data from Internet of Things (IoT) devices while maintaining data privacy. However, the current FL algorithms face the challenges of non-independent and identically distributed (non-IID) data, which causes high communication costs and model accuracy declines. To address the statistical imbalances in FL, we propose a clustered data sharing framework which spares the partial data from cluster heads to credible associates through device-to-device (D2D) communication. Moreover, aiming at diluting the data skew on nodes, we formulate the joint clustering and data sharing problem based on the privacy-preserving constrained graph. To tackle the serious coupling of decisions on the graph, we devise a distribution-based adaptive clustering algorithm (DACA) basing on three deductive cluster-forming conditions, which ensures the maximum yield of data sharing. The experiments show that the proposed framework facilitates FL on non-IID datasets with better convergence and model accuracy under a limited communication environment.
Probing eV-scale axions with CAST
Creators: name: CAST Collaboration
name: Arik, E.
name: Aune, S.
name: Autiero, D.
name: Barth, K.
name: Belov, A.
name: Beltrán, B.
name: Borghi, S.
name: Bourlis, G.
name: Boydag, F. S.
name: Bräuninger, H.
name: Carmona, J. M.
name: Cebrián, S.
name: Cetin, S. A.
name: Collar, J. I.
name: Dafni, T.
name: Davenport, M.
name: Di Lella, L.
name: Dogan, O. B.
name: Eleftheriadis, C.
name: Elias, N.
name: Fanourakis, G.
name: Ferrer-Ribas, E.
name: Fischer, H.
name: Friedrich, P.
name: Franz, J.
name: Galán, J.
name: Geralis, T.
name: Giomataris, I.
name: Gninenko, S.
name: Gómez, H.
name: Hartmann, R.
name: Hasinoff, M.
name: Heinsius, F. H.
name: Hikmet, I.
name: Hoffmann, D. H. H.
name: Irastorza, I. G.
name: Jacoby, J.
name: Jakovčić, K.
name: Kang, D.
name: Königsmann, K.
name: Kotthaus, R.
name: Krčmar, M.
name: Kousouris, K.
name: Kuster, M.
name: Lakić, B.
name: Lasseur, C.
name: Liolios, A.
name: Ljubičić, A.
name: Lutz, G.
name: Luzón, G.
name: Miller, D.
name: Morales, J.
name: Niinikoski, T.
name: Nordt, A.
name: Ortiz, A.
name: Papaevangelou, T.
name: Pivovaroff, M. J.
name: Placci, A.
name: Raffelt, G.
name: Riege, H.
name: Rodríguez, A.
name: Ruz, J.
name: Savvidis, I.
name: Semertzidis, Y.
name: Serpico, P.
name: Soufli, R.
name: Stewart, L.
name: van Bibber, K.
name: Villar, J.
name: Vogel, J.
name: Walckiers, L.
name: Zioutas, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have searched for solar axions or other pseudoscalar particles that couple to two photons by using the CERN Axion Solar Telescope (CAST) setup. Whereas we previously have reported results from CAST with evacuated magnet bores (Phase I), setting limits on lower mass axions, here we report results from CAST where the magnet bores were filled with \hefour gas (Phase II) of variable pressure. The introduction of gas generated a refractive photon mass $m_γ$, thereby achieving the maximum possible conversion rate for those axion masses \ma that match $m_γ$. With 160 different pressure settings we have scanned \ma up to about 0.4 eV, taking approximately 2 h of data for each setting. From the absence of excess X-rays when the magnet was pointing to the Sun, we set a typical upper limit on the axion-photon coupling of $\gag\lesssim 2.17\times 10^{-10} {\rm GeV}^{-1}$ at 95% CL for $\ma \lesssim 0.4$ eV, the exact result depending on the pressure setting. The excluded parameter range covers realistic axion models with a Peccei-Quinn scale in the neighborhood of $f_{\rm a}\sim10^{7}$ GeV. Currently in the second part of CAST Phase II, we are searching for axions with masses up to about 1.2 eV using \hethree as a buffer gas.
description: 18 pages, 7 figures. Revised version of the paper after referee's comments. Main changes on the gas section
Noise-assisted digital quantum simulation of open systems
Creators: name: Guimarães, José D.
name: Lim, James
name: Vasilevskiy, Mikhail I.
name: Huelga, Susana F.
name: Plenio, Martin B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum systems are inherently open and susceptible to environmental noise, which can have both detrimental and beneficial effects on their dynamics. This phenomenon has been observed in bio-molecular systems, where noise enables novel functionalities, making the simulation of their dynamics a crucial target for digital and analog quantum simulation. Nevertheless, the computational capabilities of current quantum devices are often limited due to their inherent noise. In this work, we present a novel approach that capitalizes on the intrinsic noise of quantum devices to reduce the computational resources required for simulating open quantum systems. Our approach combines quantum noise characterization methods with quantum error mitigation techniques, enabling us to manipulate and control the intrinsic noise in a quantum circuit. Specifically, we selectively enhance or reduce decoherence rates in the quantum circuit to achieve the desired simulation of open system dynamics. We provide a detailed description of our methods and report on the results of noise characterization and quantum error mitigation experiments conducted on both real and emulated IBM Quantum computers. Additionally, we estimate the experimental resource requirements for our techniques. Our approach holds the potential to unlock new simulation techniques in Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) devices, harnessing their intrinsic noise to enhance quantum computations.
Fault-tolerant qubit encoding using a spin-7/2 qudit
Creators: name: Lim, Sumin
name: Liu, Junjie
name: Ardavan, Arzhang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The implementation of error correction protocols is a central challenge in the development of practical quantum information technologies. Recently, multi-level quantum resources such as harmonic oscillators and qudits have attracted interest in this context because they offer the possibility of additional Hilbert space dimensions in a spatially compact way. Here we propose a quantum memory, implemented on a spin-7/2 nucleus hyperfine-coupled to an electron spin-1/2 qubit, which provides first order $X$, $Y$ and $Z$ error correction using significantly fewer quantum resources than the equivalently effective qubit-based protocols. Our encoding may be efficiently implemented in existing experimentally realised molecular electron-nuclear quantum spin systems. The strategy can be extended to higher-order error protection on higher-spin nuclei.
MOISST: Multimodal Optimization of Implicit Scene for SpatioTemporal calibration
Creators: name: Herau, Quentin
name: Piasco, Nathan
name: Bennehar, Moussab
name: Roldão, Luis
name: Tsishkou, Dzmitry
name: Migniot, Cyrille
name: Vasseur, Pascal
name: Demonceaux, Cédric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: With the recent advances in autonomous driving and the decreasing cost of LiDARs, the use of multimodal sensor systems is on the rise. However, in order to make use of the information provided by a variety of complimentary sensors, it is necessary to accurately calibrate them. We take advantage of recent advances in computer graphics and implicit volumetric scene representation to tackle the problem of multi-sensor spatial and temporal calibration. Thanks to a new formulation of the Neural Radiance Field (NeRF) optimization, we are able to jointly optimize calibration parameters along with scene representation based on radiometric and geometric measurements. Our method enables accurate and robust calibration from data captured in uncontrolled and unstructured urban environments, making our solution more scalable than existing calibration solutions. We demonstrate the accuracy and robustness of our method in urban scenes typically encountered in autonomous driving scenarios.
description: Accepted at IROS2023 Project site: https://qherau.github.io/MOISST/
Biochemical and mechanical effects of adrenergic and histaminergic drugs
Creators: name: Verma, Subhash Chander
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: A time-response and dose-response study of the effects of norepinephrine and phenylephrine revealed that both agonists caused increases in cyclic AMP, cardiac contractility and phosphorylase a. in the isolated perfused guinea pig hearts. Norepinephrine caused a nearly five fold increase in cyclic AMP, whereas phenylephrine produced only a two-three fold increase in the nucleotide. Phenylephrine is less potent and less effective in elevating all the three parameters as compared to norepinephrine. Histamine and its analogs, TD and betazole increased cardiac contractility, phosphorylase a and levels of cyclic AMP in the isolated perfused guinea pig heart. The order of potency for the three compounds was histamine>TD>betazole. Cyclic AMP was found to increase prior to the increase in contractility or phosphorylase a. In the present study, the new H₂-receptor blocking agent burimamide, was found to be a specific, competitive blocking agent of both the mechanical and biochemical effects of histamine and its analogs on the heart. Burimamide did not affect the norepinephrine-induced increase in contractility, phosphorylase a or cyclic AMP. Promethazine did interact with cardiac histamine receptors, but the interaction was either non-competitive or competitive non-equilibrium in nature. [the rest of the abstract can be found in the attached PDF file]
Edelstein effect induced superconducting diode effect in inversion symmetry breaking MoTe$_2$ Josephson junctions
Creators: name: Chen, Pingbo
name: Wang, Gongqi
name: Ye, Bicong
name: Wang, Jinhua
name: Zhou, Liang
name: Tang, Zhenzhong
name: Wang, Le
name: Wang, Jiannong
name: Zhang, Wenqing
name: Mei, Jiawei
name: Chen, Weiqiang
name: He, Hongtao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Superconducting diode effect (SDE) with nonreciprocal supercurrent transport has attracted intense attention recently, not only for its intriguing physics, but also for its great application potential in superconducting circuits. It is revealed in this work that planar Josephson junctions (JJs) based on type-II Weyl semimetal (WSM) MoTe$_2$ can exhibit a prominent SDE due to the emergence of asymmetric Josephson effect (AJE) in perpendicular magnetic fields. The AJE manifests itself in a very large asymmetry in the critical supercurrents with respect to the current direction. The sign of this asymmetry can also be effectively modulated by the external magnetic field. Considering the special noncentrosymmetric crystal symmetry of MoTe$_2$, this AJE is understood in terms of the Edelstein effect, which induces a nontrivial phase shift in the current phase relation of the junctions. Besides these, it is further demonstrated that the rectification of supercurrent in such MoTe$_2$ JJs with the rectification efficiency up to 50.4%, unveiling the great application potential of WSMs in superconducting electronics.
Exponentially Handsome Proof Nets and Their Normalization
Creators: name: Acclavio, Matteo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Handsome proof nets were introduced by Retoré as a syntax for multiplicative linear logic. These proof nets are defined by means of cographs (graphs representing formulas) equipped with a vertices partition satisfying simple topological conditions. In this paper we extend this syntax to multiplicative linear logic with units and exponentials. For this purpose we develop a new sound and complete sequent system for the logic, enforcing a stronger notion of proof equivalence with respect to the one usually considered in the literature. We then define combinatorial proofs, a graphical proof system able to capture syntactically the proof equivalence, for the cut-free fragment of the calculus. We conclude the paper by defining the exponentially handsome proof nets as combinatorial proofs with cuts and defining an internal normalization procedure for this syntax.
description: In Proceedings Linearity&TLLA 2020, arXiv:2112.14305
Implications of Graviton-Graviton Interaction to Dark Matter
Creators: name: Deur, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Our present understanding of the universe requires the existence of dark matter and dark energy. We describe here a natural mechanism that could make exotic dark matter and possibly dark energy unnecessary. Graviton-graviton interactions increase the gravitational binding of matter. This increase, for large massive systems such as galaxies, may be large enough to make exotic dark matter superfluous. Within a weak field approximation we compute the effect on the rotation curves of galaxies and find the correct magnitude and distribution without need for arbitrary parameters or additional exotic particles. The Tully-Fisher relation also emerges naturally from this framework. The computations are further applied to galaxy clusters.
description: Version published in Phys. Lett. B. Added material: 1) We explicited the steps leading from the Einstein-Hilbert Lagrangian to our simplified Lagrangian. 2) We showed how the Tully-Fisher relation emerges naturally from our framework. 3) We added a discussion on the approximations we used
Measurements of Fragmentation Photons with the PHENIX Detector
Creators: name: Hanks, Ali
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Direct photons associated with jets provide a direct measurement of the effects of energy loss on the fragmentation of the parton as it propagates through the medium. Perturbative QCD calculations describe the direct photon cross section well at next-to-leading order, predicting a significant contribution from photons produced through parton fragmentation. Non-perturbative quantities such as the photon fragmentation function, which is poorly constrained, lead to large theoretical uncertainties. The measurement of photons correlated with jets in p+p collisions serves as an important test of these calculations and is an essential baseline measurement for comparison to A+A collisions. A natural way of selecting such photons is to study hadron-photon correlations. Results for the production of photons associated with high pT hadron triggers are presented for PHENIX p+p data at 200 GeV center-of-mass energy.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures - To appear in the conference proceedings for Quark Matter 2009, March 30 - April 4, Knoxville, Tennessee Corrected typos, changed content
A Deep Inference System for Differential Linear Logic
Creators: name: Acclavio, Matteo
name: Guerrieri, Giulio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.4.1

description: Differential linear logic (DiLL) provides a fine analysis of resource consumption in cut-elimination. We investigate the subsystem of DiLL without promotion in a deep inference formalism, where cuts are at an atomic level. In our system every provable formula admits a derivation in normal form, via a normalization procedure that commutes with the translation from sequent calculus to deep inference.
description: In Proceedings Linearity&TLLA 2020, arXiv:2112.14305
title: Understanding shoulder surfing and informing the design of protection mechanisms
Creators: name: Farzand, Habiba
Publisher: name: University of Glasgow
Year: 2025

description: Shoulder surfing, the act of looking at the screen of someone’s device without their consent, is a ubiquitous threat when accessing information on personal devices like smartphones. With the rapid increase in the use of smartphones, the threat of shoulder surfing is also increasing. This thesis first contributes a systematic literature analysis that focuses on the resources required for targeted attacks against mobile devices and finds that shoulder surfing, which belongs to the novice attacks category, is one of the most accessible attacks. This is because it requires no sophisticated setup. An attacker must only be near a user to observe the device’s screen. Considering the ease of execution of shoulder surfing, we investigated shoulder surfing more in-depth through two studies, which are this thesis’s second and third contributions. First, we conducted a one-month diary study to understand how shoulder surfing happens in the real world. We found that shoulder surfing can happen anywhere, anytime, without the users realising it. Further, our results showed that content such as text and photos are shoulder surfed more frequently than authentication credentials. Second, to examine the impact and importance of addressing shoulder surfing, we conducted an online survey asking participants how it impacted their social lives, perceptions of privacy, and interactions with their mobile devices. We discovered that shoulder surfing is a deep concern among users, affecting their perception of privacy. It was seen as the gateway to threats like identity or device theft. Based on the empirical discoveries around how shoulder surfing happens and impacts users’ privacy perceptions, the fourth contribution of this thesis looks into uncovering a user-centred approach to designing protection mechanisms. For this, we designed and validated a scientific instrument, the Out-of-Device Privacy Scale (ODPS), to measure users’ privacy regarding threats in the physical world. ODPS fills the gap between protection mechanisms and users’ perceptions of privacy. The fifth contribution presents an exploratory study to explore correlations between personal attributes such as ODPS and user preferences for privacy mechanisms extracted from the literature. The results proved that user preferences for protection mechanisms highly correlate with ODPS. Overall, the results help understand the relationship between a user’s perception of privacy against device-external threats and the design of protection mechanisms. We conclude by discussing design recommendations to assist in developing novel protection mechanisms. Based on a series of empirical investigations, this thesis presents a user-tailored privacy investigation of shoulder surfing and informs the design of protection mechanisms.
Quantum Mirrors and Crossing Symmetry as Heart of Ghost Imaging
Creators: name: Ion, D. B.
name: Ion, M. L.
name: Rusu, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper it is proved that the key to understanding the ghost imaging mystery are the crossing symmetric photon reactions in the nonlinear media. Hence, the laws of the plane quantum mirror (QM) and that of spherical quantum mirror, observed in the ghost imaging experiments, are obtained as natural consequences of the energy-momentum conservation laws. So, it is shown that the ghost imaging laws depend only on the energy-momentum conservation and not on the photons entanglement. The extension of these results to the ghost imaging with other kind of light is discussed. Some fundamental experiments for a decisive tests of the [SPDC-DFG]-quantum mirror are suggested.
description: 11 pages, 9 figures
Super Exponentials in Linear Logic
Creators: name: Bauer, Esaïe
name: Laurent, Olivier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.4.1

description: Following the idea of Subexponential Linear Logic and Stratified Bounded Linear Logic, we propose a new parameterized version of Linear Logic which subsumes other systems like ELL, LLL or SLL, by including variants of the exponential rules. We call this system Superexponential Linear Logic (superLL). Assuming some appropriate constraints on the parameters of superLL, we give a generic proof of cut elimination. This implies that each variant of Linear Logic which appears as a valid instance of superLL also satisfies cut elimination.
description: In Proceedings Linearity&TLLA 2020, arXiv:2112.14305
Faddeev-type calculations of few-body nuclear reactions including Coulomb interaction
Creators: name: Deltuva, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The method of screening and renormalization is used to include the Coulomb interaction between the charged particles in the description of few-body nuclear reactions. Calculations are done in the framework of Faddeev-type equations in momentum-space. The reliability of the method is demonstrated. The Coulomb effect on observables is discussed.
description: Proceedings of the 4th Asia-Pacific Conference on Few-Body Problems in Physics (APFB08), Depok, Indonesia, August 19 - 23, 2008, to be published in Mod. Phys. Lett. A
D semi-leptonic decay form factors with HISQ charm and light quarks
Creators: name: Na, H.
name: Davies, C. T. H.
name: Follana, E.
name: Lepage, P.
name: Shigemitsu, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a program to study D semi-leptonic decay form factors with HISQ charm and light quarks. In this exploratory work, we study $D_s$ to $η_s$, $lν_l$ semi-leptonic decay on MILC coarse ($20^3\times64$) gauge configurations with 2+1 dynamical flavors. We develop a new method to calculate $f_+(0)$ and $f_0(q^2)$ from scalar current matrix elements, $$, which does not require any operator renormalization. We also determine $f_+(q^2)$ and $f_0(q^2)$ from vector currents with a fully non-perturbative renormalization method.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures, Talk given at Lattice 2009, July 26-31 2009, Peking University, Beijing, China
A Braided Lambda Calculus
Creators: name: Hasegawa, Masahito
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.4.1; F.3.2

description: We present an untyped linear lambda calculus with braids, the corresponding combinatory logic, and the semantic models given by crossed G-sets.
description: In Proceedings Linearity&TLLA 2020, arXiv:2112.14305
Molecular dynamics of glycerol and glycerol-trehalose bioprotectant solutions nanoconfined in porous silicon
Creators: name: Busselez, Rémi
name: Lefort, Ronan
name: Guendouz, Mohammed
name: Frick, Bernhard
name: Merdrignac-Conanec, Odile
name: Morineau, Denis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Glycerol and trehalose-glycerol binary solutions are glass-forming liquids with remarkable bioprotectant properties. Incoherent quasielastic neutron scattering (QENS) is used to reveal the different effects of nanoconfinement and addition of trehalose on the molecular dynamics in the normal liquid and supercooled liquid phases, on a nanosecond timescale. Confinement has been realized in straight channels of diameter D=8 nm formed by porous silicon. It leads to a faster and more inhomogeneous relaxation dynamics deep in the liquid phase. This confinement effect remains at lower temperature where it affects the glassy dynamics. The glass transitions of the confined systems are shifted to low temperature with respect to the bulk ones. Adding trehalose tends to slow down the overall glassy dynamics and increases the non-exponential character of the structural relaxation. Unprecedented results are obtained for the binary bioprotectant solution, which exhibits an extremely non-Debye relaxation dynamics as a result of the combination of the effects of confinement and mixing of two constituents.