cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
TeV scale seesaw from supersymmetric Higgs-lepton inflation and BICEP2
Creators: name: Kawai, Shinsuke
name: Okada, Nobuchika
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the physics resulting from the supersymmetric Higgs-lepton inflation model and the recent CMB B-mode observation by the BICEP2 experiment. The tensor-to-scalar ratio r=0.20+0.07-0.05 of the primordial fluctuations indicated by the CMB B-mode polarization is consistent with the prediction of this inflationary model for natural parameter values. A salient feature of the model is that it predicts the seesaw mass scale M from the amplitude of the tensor mode fluctuations. It is found that the 68% (95%) confidence level (CL) constraints from the BICEP2 experiment give 927 GeV < M < 1.62 TeV (751 GeV < M < 2.37 TeV) for 50 e-foldings and 391 GeV < M < 795 GeV (355 GeV < M < 1.10 TeV) for 60 e-foldings. In the type I seesaw case, the right-handed neutrinos in this mass range are elusive in collider experiments due to the small mixing angle. In the type III seesaw, in contrast, the heavy leptons will be within the reach of future experiments. We point out that a significant portion of the parameter region corresponding to the 68% CL of the BICEP2 experiment will be covered by the Large Hadron Collider experiments at 14 TeV.
description: 6 pages, 1 figure. v2: a reference added. v3: typos fixed
ABC News/Washington Post: September 2020 Florida Poll
Creators: name: ABC News
name: Washington Post
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2020

description: How closely are you following 2020 presidential election (1): voter likelihood (1); vote method (2); President Donald Trump and Vice President Mike Pence vs. Former Vice President Joe Biden and Senator Kamala Harris (1); enthusiasm about supporting Biden/Trump (2); Trump approval (3); nation's economy (1); trust Trump vs. Biden on issues (6); most important issue in president choice (5); Trump vs. Biden characteristics (3); worried about coronavirus (COVID-19) (1); protests against police treatment of black people (1); voted in recent elections (3); labor union membership (1); military service (1).
O processo do amparador na conscienciologia usando: Análise de Viabilidade Econômica para trabalhar a Holobiografias em uma pessoa nível financeiro Pobreza de nível evolutivo Consciência
Creators: name: Brandl, Edenilson
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: amparador
conscienciologia
Análise de Viabilidade Econômica
Holobiografias

description: No processo do amparador na conscienciologia, a análise de viabilidade econômica pode ser aplicada para trabalhar a holobiografias em indivíduos em situação de pobreza com nível evolutivo de consciência.
Perfect signaling among three parties violating predefined causal order
Creators: name: Baumeler, Ämin
name: Wolf, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The paradigmatic view where information is seen as a more fundamental concept than the laws of physics leads to a different understanding of spacetime where the causal order of events emerges from correlations between random variables representing physical quantities. In particular, such an information-theoretic approach does not enforce a global spacetime structure. By following this path, we conclude that perfect signaling correlations among three parties are possible which do not obey the restrictions imposed by global spacetime. We show this using a recent framework based on the sole assumptions that locally, quantum theory is valid and random variables can be described by probability distributions. Our result is of zero-error type and is an analog to a tripartite appearance of quantum non-locality which manifests itself by satisfying a condition with certainty whereas the same is impossible for any local theory.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, 2 tables, references added
Line-driven Disk Winds in Active Galactic Nuclei: The Critical Importance of Ionization and Radiative Transfer
Creators: name: Higginbottom, Nick
name: Proga, Daniel
name: Knigge, Christian
name: Long, Knox S.
name: Matthews, James H.
name: Sim, Stuart A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Accretion disk winds are thought to produce many of the characteristic features seen in the spectra of active galactic nuclei (AGN) and quasi-stellar objects (QSOs). These outflows also represent a natural form of feedback between the central supermassive black hole and its host galaxy. The mechanism for driving this mass loss remains unknown, although radiation pressure mediated by spectral lines is a leading candidate. Here, we calculate the ionization state of, and emergent spectra for, the hydrodynamic simulation of a line-driven disk wind previously presented by Proga & Kallman (2004). To achieve this, we carry out a comprehensive Monte Carlo simulation of the radiative transfer through, and energy exchange within, the predicted outflow. We find that the wind is much more ionized than originally estimated. This is in part because it is much more difficult to shield any wind regions effectively when the outflow itself is allowed to reprocess and redirect ionizing photons. As a result, the calculated spectrum that would be observed from this particular outflow solution would not contain the ultraviolet spectral lines that are observed in many AGN/QSOs. Furthermore, the wind is so highly ionized that line-driving would not actually be efficient. This does not necessarily mean that line-driven winds are not viable. However, our work does illustrate that in order to arrive at a self-consistent model of line-driven disk winds in AGN/QSO, it will be critical to include a more detailed treatment of radiative transfer and ionization in the next generation of hydrodynamic simulations.
description: 13 pages, 10 figures - Accepted for publication in ApJ
Detection of collinear high energetic di-photon signatures with Micromegas Detectors
Creators: name: Neuhaus, Friedemann
name: Choliz, Elisa Ruiz
name: Schott, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The search for weakly interacting, light particles that couple to photons received significant attention in recent years. When those particles are produced at high energies, they lead to two, nearly collinear photons after their decay and hence can be detected by an electromagnetic calorimeter system. The typical dominant background in searches for those high energetic weakly particles are single, high energetic photons, which leave similar signatures in a standard calorimeter system. One promising approach to separate signal from background events is to employ a dedicated pre-shower detector in front of the calorimeter that can distinguish one- and two-photon signatures. In this work we present a conceptual design of such detector which is able to separate one from two collinear photon signatures with efficiencies between 20% to 80% for two photons separated by 0.1mm to 2mm, respectively, with energies above 300 GeV and a background rejection of more than 90%. Our pre-shower detector design has an active surface area of 10cm x 10cm, a depth of 230mm and is based on Micromegas detectors, thus offering a cost effective solution.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures
title: Förderbanken im Wandel : Evolution zu nachhaltigen Transformationsbanken ; fünf Handlungsfelder für die Begleitung einer nachhaltigen Entwicklung
Creators: name: Teubler, Jens
name: Sidki, Marcus
name: Kausemann, Tatjana
name: Fischedick, Manfred
Publisher: name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 330 Wirtschaft

description: Förderbanken vergeben in Deutschland jährlich mindestens 200 Milliarden Euro an Mitteln für Investitionen, die sonst nicht oder sehr viel später umgesetzt werden könnten. Sie arbeiten im öffentlichen Auftrag und richten ihre Tätigkeit an gesellschaftlichen Zielen aus. Diese Ziele haben sich weiterentwickelt. Angesichts von Klimawandel, Energiekrise und den Herausforderungen einer Kreislaufwirtschaft wollen sowohl die Länder als auch die Bundesregierung ihre Förderbanken umbauen. Gerade die Förderbanken der Länder müssen sich darum jetzt bereit machen für die "Weiterentwicklung von Förderbanken zu Transformationsbanken". Für die erfolgreiche Gestaltung dieses gesellschaftlichen Umbruchs brauchen sie Unterstützung. Wie dies gelingt, zeigt dieser Zukunftsimpuls.
Doping nature of native defects in 1T-TiSe2
Creators: name: Hildebrand, B.
name: Didiot, C.
name: Novello, A. M.
name: Monney, G.
name: Scarfato, A.
name: Ubaldini, A.
name: Berger, H.
name: Bowler, D. R.
name: Renner, C.
name: Aebi, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The transition metal dichalcogenide 1T-TiSe2 is a quasi two-dimensional layered material with a charge density wave (CDW) transition temperature of TCDW 200 K. Self-doping effects for crystals grown at different temperatures introduce structural defects, modify the temperature dependent resistivity and strongly perturbate the CDW phase. Here we study the structural and doping nature of such native defects combining scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy and ab initio calculations. The dominant native single atom dopants we identify in our single crystals are intercalated Ti atoms, Se vacancies and Se substitutions by residual iodine and oxygen.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
The phenomenology of the external field effect in cold dark matter models
Creators: name: Paranjape, Aseem
name: Sheth, Ravi K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In general relativity (GR), the internal dynamics of a self-gravitating system under free-fall in an external gravitational field should not depend on the external field strength. Recent work has claimed a statistical detection of an `external field effect' (EFE) using galaxy rotation curve data. We show that large uncertainties in rotation curve analyses and inaccuracies in published simulation-based external field estimates compromise the significance of the claimed EFE detection. We further show analytically that a qualitatively similar statistical signal is, in fact, expected in a $Λ$-cold dark matter ($Λ$CDM) universe without any violation of the strong equivalence principle. Rather, such a signal arises simply because of the inherent correlations between galaxy clustering strength and intrinsic galaxy properties. We explicitly demonstrate the effect in a baryonified mock catalog of a $Λ$CDM universe. Although the detection of an EFE-like signal is not, by itself, evidence for physics beyond GR, our work shows that the $\textit{sign}$ of the EFE-like correlation between the external field strength and the shape of the radial acceleration relation can be used to probe new physics: e.g., in MOND, the predicted sign is opposite to that in our $Λ$CDM mocks.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures; v2: minor changes and added discussion, accepted in MNRAS
Tylospilus nigrobinotatus Berg 1879
Creators: name: Dellapé, Pablo Matías
name: Martínez, Auria Paula
name: Coscarón, María Del Carmen
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2003
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Pentatomidae
Tylospilus
Tylospilus nigrobinotatus

description: Tylospilus nigrobinotatus (Berg 1879)
 Distribution: Argentina, Brazil, and Uruguay.
 Material studied (Fig. 12): Argentina: Cordoba: Copina: 31º 33´S 64º 43´W, 1 female, 14/XI/1940, Biraben col., (MLP). Corrientes: San Roque: 28º 33´S 58º 43´W, 1 male, II/1920, Bosq Coll., (MLP). Río Negro: 1 male, (MLP). Isla Choele Choel: 39º 16´S 65º 41´W, 1 female, II/1943, Bosq Coll., (MLP); 1 female, 8/I/1944, Maldonado col., (MLP). Río Colorado: 39º 1´S 64º 5´W, 2 males, 1 female, XII/1930, Bosq Coll., (MLP).
 Tynacantha marginata Dallas 1851
 Distribution: Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguay, and Peru.
 Material studied (Fig. 13): Argentina: Corrientes: Bella Vista: 28º 29´S 59º 3´W, 1 female, I/1939, Bosq Coll., (MLP). Santo Tomé: 28º 32´S 56º 2´W, 1 female, Berg col., Bosq Coll., (MLP). Formosa: Isla Olimpo: 1 female, 14/X/1939, Denier Coll., (MLP). Jujuy: 1 female, (MLP). Misiones: 1 female, Berg Coll., (MLP). Salta: Tartagal: 22º 32´S 63º 49´W, 1 female, I/1941, Bosq Coll., (MLP). Tucumán: 1 male, 11/VI/1913, (MLP); 1 male, 1 female, 1 (without abdomen), X/1932, Bosq Coll., (MLP).
description: Published as part of Dellapé, Pablo Matías, Martínez, Auria Paula & Coscarón, María Del Carmen, 2003, New distributional records for the asopine pentatomids in temperate South America, pp. 1-16 in Zootaxa 318 on pages 14-15, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.156763
Holography for Ising spins on the hyperbolic plane
Creators: name: Asaduzzaman, Muhammad
name: Catterall, Simon
name: Hubisz, Jay
name: Nelson, Roice
name: Unmuth-Yockey, Judah
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by the AdS/CFT correspondence, we use Monte Carlo simulation to investigate the Ising model formulated on tessellations of the two-dimensional hyperbolic disk. We focus in particular on the behavior of boundary-boundary correlators, which exhibit power-law scaling both below and above the bulk critical temperature indicating scale invariance of the boundary theory at any temperature. This conclusion is strengthened by a finite-size scaling analysis of the boundary susceptibility which yields a scaling exponent consistent with the scaling dimension extracted from the boundary correlation function. This observation provides evidence that the connection between continuum boundary conformal symmetry and isometries of the bulk hyperbolic space survives for simple interacting field theories even when the bulk is approximated by a discrete tessellation.
description: 9 pages, 11 figures
Anomalous Nernst Effect in Nonmagnetic Nodal Line Semimetal PbTaSe$_2$
Creators: name: Yokoi, K.
name: Murakawa, H.
name: Sakai, H.
name: Hanasaki, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: PbTaSe$_2$ is a unique topological material, in which the number of nodal lines is expected to change at the structural transition between the lower temperature/pressure "L" phase and the higher temperature/pressure "H" phase. We report the anomalous Nernst effect attributed to the Berry curvature of nodal lines and its change with the structural transition. In the L phase, the Nernst coefficient ($S_{yx}$) shows the step-like magnetic field dependence reminiscent of the anomalous Nernst effect of nonmagnetic Dirac/Weyl semimetals. By applying hydrostatic pressure, we discovered that the amplitude of the anomalous component significantly decreases at the transition to the H phase, which might correspond to the partial annihilation of nodal line structures.
description: 29 page, 14 figures
title: Axial Performance of Cable Bolts Under Various Bonding and Loading Conditions
Creators: name: Rastegarmanesh, Ashkan
Publisher: name: University of Southern Queensland
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cable; pull out; grout; resin; axial; cable bolt; bolt
classificationCode: 400502
subject: Civil geotechnical engineering
valueUri: https://www.abs.gov.au/statistics/classifications/australian-and-new-zealand-standard-research-classification-anzsrc/latest-release
classificationCode: 401902
subject: Geomechanics and resources geotechnical engineering
valueUri: https://www.abs.gov.au/statistics/classifications/australian-and-new-zealand-standard-research-classification-anzsrc/latest-release

description: Cable bolts are one of the main methods of support for many mining and civil engineering projects. This study focused on the axial performance of the cable bolts under various conditions. A large scale pull out apparatus was designed to support the testing of various mainstream cables in the Australian mining industry. An additional small scale test was also devised to provide comparative results with the large scale test. Six cable types, ranging from plain to indented and bulbed, were encapsulated using two types of cementitious and resin based bonding agents. The cables were first tested in each testing scale in monotonic and cyclic loadings to simulate varying stress paths for the service life performance of the cables. The results showed much higher stiffness for the large scale tests compared to the small scale sleeve pull out tests. All grouted cables consistently illustrated higher load values in all tests compared to the resin sample. The bulbed cable indicated that the presence of a bulb structure on a cable tends to overshadow other attributes. Cyclic tests in both testing setups suggested a low to almost non-existing adverse effect on the pull out test compared to the monotonic tests. Surface indentation clearly increased the performance of the cable bolts in all cases. The radial stiffness value on the large scale tests was a determining factor. In the end, a series of numerical models using finite element was calibrated by the results of the large scale tests. The sensitivity analysis of the numerical model exhibited a similar effect for the elastic modulus of confinement and the uniaxial compressive strength of the concrete and grout for plain and bulbed cables. Finally, in the numerical model, the most important factor proved to be the bulb size; with a high potential to alter the load values with even small changes.
The critical compressibility factor value: associative fluids and liquid alkali metals
Creators: name: Kulinskii, Vladimir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show how to obtain the critical compressibility factor $Z_c$ for simple and associative Lennard-Jones fluids using the critical characteristics of the Ising model on different lattices. The explanation for the results on the critical point line of the Lennard-Jones fluids and liquid metals is proposed within the global isomorphism approach.
description: 13 pages, 2 figures, 3 tables
Investigations of Protostellar Outflow Launching and Gas Entrainment: Hydrodynamic Simulations and Molecular Emission
Creators: name: Offner, S. S. R.
name: Arce, H. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate protostellar outflow evolution, gas entrainment, and star formation efficiency using radiation-hydrodynamic simulations of isolated, turbulent low-mass cores. We adopt an X-wind launching model, in which the outflow rate is coupled to the instantaneous protostellar accretion rate and evolution. We vary the outflow collimation angle from $θ$=0.01-0.1 and find that even well collimated outflows effectively sweep up and entrain significant core mass. The Stage 0 lifetime ranges from 0.14-0.19 Myr, which is similar to the observed Class 0 lifetime. The star formation efficiency of the cores spans 0.41-0.51. In all cases, the outflows drive strong turbulence in the surrounding material. Although the initial core turbulence is purely solenoidal by construction, the simulations converge to approximate equipartition between solenoidal and compressive motions due to a combination of outflow driving and collapse. When compared to a simulation of a cluster of protostars, which is not gravitationally centrally condensed, we find that the outflows drive motions that are mainly solenoidal. The final turbulent velocity dispersion is about twice the initial value of the cores, indicating that an individual outflow is easily able to replenish turbulent motions on sub-parsec scales. We post-process the simulations to produce synthetic molecular line emission maps of $^{12}$CO, $^{13}$CO, and C$^{18}$O and evaluate how well these tracers reproduce the underlying mass and velocity structure.
description: Accepted to ApJ, 17 pages, 15 figures
Orbital decay in M82 X-2
Creators: name: Bachetti, Matteo
name: Heida, Marianne
name: Maccarone, Thomas
name: Huppenkothen, Daniela
name: Israel, Gian Luca
name: Barret, Didier
name: Brightman, Murray
name: Brumback, McKinley
name: Earnshaw, Hannah P.
name: Forster, Karl
name: Fürst, Felix
name: Grefenstette, Brian W.
name: Harrison, Fiona A.
name: Jaodand, Amruta D.
name: Madsen, Kristin K.
name: Middleton, Matthew
name: Pike, Sean N.
name: Pilia, Maura
name: Poutanen, Juri
name: Stern, Daniel
name: Tomsick, John A.
name: Walton, Dominic J.
name: Webb, Natalie
name: Wilms, Jörn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: M82 X-2 is the first pulsating ultraluminous X-ray source (PULX) discovered. The luminosity of these extreme pulsars, if isotropic, implies an extreme mass transfer rate. An alternative is to assume a much lower mass transfer rate, but with an apparent luminosity boosted by geometrical beaming. Only an independent measurement of the mass transfer rate can help discriminate between these two scenarios. In this Paper, we follow the orbit of the neutron star for seven years, measure the decay of the orbit ($\dot{P}_{orb}/{P}_{orb}\approx-8\cdot10^{-6}\mathrm{yr}^{-1}$), and argue that this orbital decay is driven by extreme mass transfer of more than 150 times the mass transfer limit set by the Eddington luminosity. If this is true, the mass available to the accretor is more than enough to justify its luminosity, with no need for beaming. This also strongly favors models where the accretor is a highly-magnetized neutron star.
description: 18 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
New Small Wheel Radiation and Magnetic Field Environment
Creators: name: Ameel, Jon
name: Amide, Dan
name: Edgar, Karishma Sekhon
name: Guan, Liang
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: ATLAS CERN LHC background

description: This document briefly summarizes the expected radiation and magnetic field environment of the ATLAS New Small Wheel (NSW) and to specify required tolerances for on-detector electronics, including safety factors.
Lifetime of quasi-particles in the nearly-free electron metal Sodium
Creators: name: Potorochin, D. V.
name: Kurleto, R.
name: Clark, O. J.
name: Rienks, E. D. L.
name: Sanchez-Barriga, J.
name: Roth, F.
name: Voroshnin, V.
name: Fedorov, A.
name: Eberhardt, W.
name: Buechner, B.
name: Fink, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a high-resolution angle-resolved photoemission (ARPES) study of the prototypical nearly-free-electron metal sodium. The observed mass enhancement is slightly smaller than that derived in previous studies. The new results on the lifetime broadening increase the demand for theories beyond the random phase approximation. Our results do not support the proposed strong enhancement of the scattering rates of the charge carriers due to a coupling to spin fluctuations. Moreover, a comparison with earlier electron energy-loss data on sodium yields a strong reduction of the mass enhancement of dipolar electron-hole excitations compared to that of monopole hole excitations, measured by ARPES.
description: 5 pages, 6 figures
Entanglement and scattering in quantum electrodynamics: S-matrix information from an entangled spectator particle
Creators: name: Fonseca, Juan D.
name: Hiller, B.
name: Araujo, J. B.
name: da Paz, I. G.
name: Sampaio, Marcos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a general quantum field relativistic scattering involving two half spin fermions, $A$ and $B$, which are initially entangled with another fermion $C$ that does not participate in the scattering dynamics. We construct general expressions for the reduced spin matrices for the out-state considering a general tripartite spin-entangled state. In particular we study an inelastic QED process at tree-level, namely $e^-e^+\rightarrow μ^- μ^+$ and a half spin fermion $C$ as an spectator particle which can be entangled to the $AB$ system in the following ways: W state, GHZ state, $|\text{A}^α\rangle \otimes |Ψ^{\pm} \rangle_{\text{BC}}$ and $|\text{A}^α\rangle \otimes |Φ^{\pm} \rangle_{\text{BC}}$, where $\{|Ψ^{\pm} \rangle,|Φ^{\pm} \rangle\}$ are the Bell basis states and $|\text{A}^α\rangle$ is a spin superposition state of system $A$. We calculate the von-Neumann entropy variation before and after the scattering for the particle $C$ and show that spin measurements in $C$ contain numerical information about the total cross section of the process. We compare the initial states W and GHZ as well as study the role played by the parameter $α$ in the evaluation of the entropy variations and the cross section encoded in the spectator particle.
description: 12 pages, 10 figures
Ill-defined Topological Phases in Dispersive Photonic Crystals
Creators: name: Prudêncio, Filipa R.
name: Silveirinha, Mário G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In recent years there has been a great interest in topological materials and in their fascinating properties. Topological band theory was initially developed for condensed matter systems, but it can be readily applied to arbitrary wave platforms with little modifications. Thus, the topological classification of optical systems is usually regarded as being mathematically equivalent to that of condensed matter systems. Surprisingly, here we find that both the particle-hole symmetry and the dispersive nature of nonreciprocal photonic materials may lead to situations where the usual topological methods break-down and the Chern topology becomes ill-defined. It is shown that due to the divergence of the density of photonic states in plasmonic systems the gap Chern numbers can be non-integer notwithstanding that the relevant parametric space is compact. In order that the topology of a dispersive photonic crystal is well defined, it is essential to take into account the nonlocal effects in the bulk-materials. We propose two different regularization methods to fix the encountered problems. Our results highlight that the regularized topologies may depend critically on the response of the bulk materials for large k.
Dense molecular clouds in the SN2008fp host galaxy
Creators: name: Cox, N. L. J.
name: Patat, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: (abridged) We use observations of interstellar absorption features, such as atomic and molecular lines as well as diffuse interstellar bands (DIBs), towards SN2008fp to study the physical properties of extra-galactic diffuse interstellar clouds in the host galaxy, ESO428-G14. The properties of the intervening dust are investigated via spectropolarimetry. The spectra of SN2008fp reveal a complex of diffuse atomic clouds at radial velocities in line with the systematic velocities of the host galaxy (~1700 km/s). A translucent (A_V ~ 1.5 mag) cloud is detected at a heliocentric velocity of 1770 km/s This cold dense cloud is rich in dense atomic gas tracers, molecules, as well as diffuse interstellar bands. We have detected both C2 and C3 for the first time in a galaxy beyond the Local Group. The CN (0,0) band line ratios are used to derive an in-situ measurement of the cosmic background radiation temperature in an external galaxy; this gives an excitation temperature of T = 2.9 +- 0.3 K. The interstellar polarization law deviates significantly from what is observed in the Galaxy, indicating substantial differences in the composition or size distribution of dust grains in the SN2008fp host galaxy. C2 is used to probe the cold diffuse ISM density and temperature. The lack of variability in the extra-galactic absorption line profiles over a period of one month implies that the absorbing material is not circumstellar and thus not affected directly by the SN event. Also it shows that there are no significant density variation in the small-scale structure of the molecular cloud down to 100 AU.
description: 10 pages. Accepted for publication in A&A. Revisions include several small corrections
Temperature-sensitive mussel-inspired citrate-based tissue adhesives with low-swelling
Creators: name: Xu, Yiwen
name: Ji, Yali
name: Ma, Jinghong
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry

description: Mussel-inspired tissue adhesives have been widely studied in recent years because of their excellent underwater adhesion. Our recent study has synthesized a series of tissue adhesives with citric acid, dopamine, 1,8-octanediol and poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO), and found that amphiphilic adhesives showed an efficient underwater adhesion mechanism. Poly(propylene oxide)-poly(ethylene oxide) block copolymer (PEO-PPO-PEO) is a thermosensitive amphiphilic material, widely used in medical field. Herein, we replaced PEO with PEO-PPO-PEO to introduce temperature-sensitivity into adhesives, and utilized the hydrophilic-to-hydrophobic transition of PEO-PPO-PEO to reduce the swelling at human temperature. Fortunately, we got positive results that all the synthetized adhesives showed obvious temperature-sensitivity. The transition from low temperature to room temperature of the high concentrated uncured adhesive dispersion made it potentially injectable. After crosslinking, the swelling ratio of cured adhesives showed a significant decrease from 4°C to 37°C. And all the swelling ratios under 37°C were low, ranging from 8.4% to 22.5%. Additionally, the lap-shear adhesion strength on wet porcine skin was in the range of 29.2–67.1 kPa, which was higher than that of commercial fibrin glue (9–15 kPa). By selecting different (PEO)y(PPO)x(PEO)y, we could obtain adhesives with wide mechanical properties and broaden the scope of use of the adhesives.
Modeling Heat Dissipation at the Nanoscale: An Embedding Approach for Chemical Reaction Dynamics on Metal Surfaces
Creators: name: Meyer, Jörg
name: Reuter, Karsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an embedding technique for metallic systems that makes it possible to model energy dissipation into substrate phonons during surface chemical reactions from first principles. The separation of chemical and elastic contributions to the interaction potential provides a quantitative description of both electronic and phononic band structure. Application to the dissociation of O$_2$ at Pd(100) predicts translationally "hot" oxygen adsorbates as a consequence of the released adsorption energy (ca. 2.6 eV). This finding questions the instant thermalization of reaction enthalpies generally assumed in models of heterogeneous catalysis.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures
Post-Newtonian non-equilibrium kinetic theory
Creators: name: Kremer, Gilberto M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The post-Newtonian hydrodynamic equations for a non-perfect fluid are developed within the framework of a post-Newtonian Boltzmann equation. The post-Newtonian components of the energy-momentum tensor are determined by considering the relativistic Eckart decomposition for a viscous and heat conducting fluid. From the relativistic Grad distribution function its post-Newtonian expression is derived. The hydrodynamic equations for the mass density, mass-energy density and momentum density are determined from a post-Newtonian transfer equation and Grad's distribution function. In the non-relativistic limit the Newtonian hydrodynamic equations for mass, momentum and energy densities are recovered.
description: 9 pages
A UV flux constraint on the formation of direct collapse black holes
Creators: name: Latif, M. A.
name: Bovino, S.
name: Van Borm, C.
name: Grassi, T.
name: Schleicher, D. R. G.
name: Spaans, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ability of metal free gas to cool by molecular hydrogen in primordial halos is strongly associated with the strength of ultraviolet (UV) flux produced by the stellar populations in the first galaxies. Depending on the stellar spectrum, these UV photons can either dissociate $\rm H_{2}$ molecules directly or indirectly by photo-detachment of $\rm H^{-}$ as the latter provides the main pathway for $\rm H_{2}$ formation in the early universe. In this study, we aim to determine the critical strength of the UV flux above which the formation of molecular hydrogen remains suppressed for a sample of five distinct halos at $z>10$ by employing a higher order chemical solver and a Jeans resolution of 32 cells. We presume that such flux is emitted by PopII stars implying atmospheric temperatures of $\rm 10^{4}$~K. We performed three-dimensional cosmological simulations and varied the strength of the UV flux below the Lyman limit in units of $\rm J_{21}$. Our findings show that the value of $\rm J_{21}^{crit}$ varies from halo to halo and is sensitive to the local thermal conditions of the gas. For the simulated halos it varies from 400-700 with the exception of one halo where $\rm J_{21}^{crit} \geq 1500$. This has important implications for the formation of direct collapse black holes and their estimated population at z > 6. It reduces the number density of direct collapse black holes by almost three orders of magnitude compared to the previous estimates.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures, matches the accepted version to ber published in MNRAS, higher resolution version is available at http://www.astro.physik.uni-goettingen.de/~mlatif/Jcrit.pdf
O processo do amparador na conscienciologia usando: Simulação para trabalhar a Desassédio Consciencial em uma pessoa nível financeiro Pobreza Extrema de nível evolutivo Autconsciência
Creators: name: Brandl, Edenilson
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: amparador
conscienciologia
Simulação
Desassédio Consciencial

description: No processo do amparador na conscienciologia, a simulação pode ser aplicada para trabalhar o desassédio consciencial em indivíduos em situação de pobreza extrema com nível evolutivo de autconsciência.
Natural Inflation with Natural Trans-Planckian Axion Decay Constant from Anomalous $U(1)_X$
Creators: name: Li, Tianjun
name: Li, Zhijin
name: Nanopoulos, Dimitri V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a natural inflation model driven by an imaginary or axionic component of a Kähler modulus in string-inspired supergravity. The shift symmetry of the axion is gauged under an anomalous $U(1)_X$ symmetry, which leads to a modulus-dependent Fayet-Iliopoulos (FI) term. The matter fields are stabilized by F-terms, and the real component of the modulus is stabilized by the $U(1)_X$ D-term, while its axion remains light. Therefore, the masses of real and imaginary components of the modulus are separated at different scales. The scalar potential for natural inflation is realized by the superpotential from the non-perturbative effects. The trans-Planckian axion decay constant, which is needed to fit with BICEP2 observations, can be obtained naturally in this model.
description: 14 pages, no figure, references added, version published in JHEP
Notes on peculiarities of quantum fields in space-times with horizons
Creators: name: Bazarov, K. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider massive scalar field theory on static four-dimensional space-times with horizons. We study the near horizon behaviour of the quantum expectation values of the stress-energy tensor operator for thermal state with generic temperatures. It turns out that the dependence of the expectation values on the temperature and tensor structure of the stress-energy tensor differs from the usual one in the Minkowski space-time. Moreover, for non-canonical temperatures these expectation values are divergent on the horizons. We also show that the Wightman functions have additional infrared peculiarities near the horizons.
description: 15 pages. Major changes have been made
Modern Rivularia Freshwater Stromatolites as Models for Formation of Laminated Stromatolitic Crusts
Creators: name: Hoppert, M.
name: Reimer, A.
name: Sauter, K.
name: Reitner, J.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: Plant Biology

description: In the present study, microbialites from a stream in the Ammergau Alps (Northern Calcareous Alps) were examined with regard to morphology, mineralogy, and colonizing microorganisms. The carbonate buildups form regular (mainly laminated) stromatolite structures, essentially due to the activity of the cyanobacterium Rivularia. The filaments of the cyanobacterium form exopolymer sheaths that prevent the precipitation of calcite from the carbonate-supersaturated stream water at cell surfaces. A pattern of non-calcified, parallel tubes surrounded by a calcified scaffold is built up. The calcification pattern may be explained by the inhibitory activity of cyanobacterial sheath exopolymers. In lower layers of the carbonate buildup, microbial diversity increases due to colonization by mainly heterotrophic bacteria. The hollow tubes hitherto exempt from calcification are gradually being filled. Calcification pattern is discussed in view of fossil Girvanella-type stromatolites.
Dynamics and Metallicity of Far-IR Selected Galaxies
Creators: name: Williams, R. J.
name: Maiolino, R.
name: Santini, P.
name: Marconi, A.
name: Cresci, G.
name: Mannucci, F.
name: Lutz, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present near-infrared integral field spectroscopy of ten Herschel selected galaxies at z~1.5. From detailed mapping of the H$α$ and [NII] emission lines we trace the dynamics, star formation rates, metallicities and also investigate gas fractions for these galaxies. For a few galaxies the distribution of star formation as traced by H$α$ only traces a small fraction of the stellar disc, which could be tracing recent minor merging events. The rest-frame ultraviolet (UV) continuum emission often has a distribution completely different from H$α$, which warns about the use of UV-SED based star formation tracers in these systems. Our analysis of galaxy dynamics shows that minor dynamical disruptions (e.g. minor merging) are generally not enough to cause a deviation from the established 'Main Sequence' relation. Most galaxies are found to follow the fundamental metallicity relation (FMR), although with large scatter. One galaxy, (a small satellite galaxy of a massive companion) is found to deviate strongly from the FMR. This deviation is in nice agreement with the correlation recently discovered in local galaxies between gas metallicity and environment, which has been ascribed to enriched inter-galactic medium (IGM) in dense environments, and therefore suggests that here the IGM was already significantly enriched by z~1.5.
description: 28 pages, 20 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Arctic curves of the octahedron equation
Creators: name: Di Francesco, P.
name: Soto-Garrido, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the octahedron relation (also known as the $A_{\infty}$ $T$-system), obeyed in particular by the partition function for dimer coverings of the Aztec Diamond graph. For a suitable class of doubly periodic initial conditions, we find exact solutions with a particularly simple factorized form. For these, we show that the density function that measures the average dimer occupation of a face of the Aztec graph, obeys a system of linear recursion relations with periodic coefficients. This allows us to explore the thermodynamic limit of the corresponding dimer models and to derive exact "arctic" curves separating the various phases of the system.
description: 39 pages, 21 figures; typos fixed, four references and an appendix added
Next Day Wildfire Spread: A Machine Learning Data Set to Predict Wildfire Spreading from Remote-Sensing Data
Creators: name: Huot, Fantine
name: Hu, R. Lily
name: Goyal, Nita
name: Sankar, Tharun
name: Ihme, Matthias
name: Chen, Yi-Fan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Predicting wildfire spread is critical for land management and disaster preparedness. To this end, we present `Next Day Wildfire Spread,' a curated, large-scale, multivariate data set of historical wildfires aggregating nearly a decade of remote-sensing data across the United States. In contrast to existing fire data sets based on Earth observation satellites, our data set combines 2D fire data with multiple explanatory variables (e.g., topography, vegetation, weather, drought index, population density) aligned over 2D regions, providing a feature-rich data set for machine learning. To demonstrate the usefulness of this data set, we implement a neural network that takes advantage of the spatial information of this data to predict wildfire spread. We compare the performance of the neural network with other machine learning models: logistic regression and random forest. This data set can be used as a benchmark for developing wildfire propagation models based on remote sensing data for a lead time of one day.
description: submitted to IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing
Optimal Income Crossover for Two-Class Model Using Particle Swarm Optimization
Creators: name: Santos, Paulo H. dos
name: Siciliani, Igor D. S.
name: Tragtenberg, M. H. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Finance (q-fin.ST)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Personal income distribution may exhibit a two-class structure, such that the lower income class of the population (85-98%) is described by exponential Boltzmann-Gibbs distribution, whereas the upper income class (15-2%) has a Pareto power-law distribution. We propose a method, based on a theoretical and numerical optimization scheme, which allows us to determine the crossover income between the distributions, the temperature of the Boltzmann-Gibbs distribution and the Pareto index. Using this method, the Brazilian income distribution data provided by the National Household Sample Survey was studied. The data was stratified into two dichotomies (sex/gender and color/race), so the model was tested using different subsets along with accessing the economic differences between these groups. Lastly, we analyse the temporal evolution of the parameters of our model and the Gini coefficient discussing the implication on the Brazilian income inequality. To our knowledge, for the first time an optimization method is proposed in order to find a continuous two-class income distribution, which is able to delimit the boundaries of the two distributions. It also gives a measure of inequality which is a function that depends only on the Pareto index and the percentage of people in the high income region. It was found a temporal dynamics relation, that may be general, between the Pareto and the percentage of people described by the Pareto tail.
description: 16 pages, 14 figures, submitted to Physical Review E
Mathematical and physical aspects of complex symmetric operators
Creators: name: Garcia, Stephan Ramon
name: Prodan, Emil
name: Putinar, Mihai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent advances in the theory of complex symmetric operators are presented and related to current studies in non-hermitian quantum mechanics. The main themes of the survey are: the structure of complex symmetric operators, $C$-selfadjoint extensions of $C$-symmetric unbounded operators, resolvent estimates, reality of spectrum, bases of $C$-orthonormal vectors, and conjugate-linear symmetric operators. The main results are complemented by a variety of natural examples arising in field theory, quantum physics, and complex variables.
description: 55 pages; to appear in J. Phys. A: Math. Gen