cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Cosmological Signatures of Interacting Neutrinos
Creators: name: Bell, Nicole F.
name: Pierpaoli, Elena
name: Sigurdson, Kris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate signatures of neutrino scattering in the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) and matter power spectra, and the extent to which present cosmological data can distinguish between a free streaming or tightly coupled fluid of neutrinos. If neutrinos have strong non-standard interactions, for example, through the coupling of neutrinos to a light boson, they may be kept in equilibrium until late times. We show how the power spectra for these models differ from more conventional neutrino scenarios, and use CMB and large scale structure data to constrain these models. CMB polarization data improves the constraints on the number of massless neutrinos, while the Lyman--$α$ power spectrum improves the limits on the neutrino mass. Neutrino mass limits depend strongly on whether some or all of the neutrino species interact and annihilate. The present data can accommodate a number of tightly-coupled relativistic degrees of freedom, and none of the interacting-neutrino scenarios considered are ruled out by current data -- although considerations regarding the age of the Universe disfavor a model with three annihilating neutrinos with very large neutrino masses.
description: 17 pages, 14 figures, minor changes and references added, published in Phys. Rev. D
Yet another alien: a second species of Lepisiota spreading across the Canary Islands, Spain (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)
Creators: name: Schifani, Enrico
name: Gentile, Vincenzo
name: Scupola, Antonio
name: Espadaler, Xavier
Publisher: name: Fragmenta Entomologica
Year: 2018

description: The Canary Islands are a biologically important archipelago hosting many unique species, whose myrmecofauna is peculiarly rich in both endemic and introduced species. Lepisiota frauenfeldi cfr. kantarensis Forel, 1911 is reported for the first time from Fuerteventura and Tenerife. It is the second species of Lepisiota introduced in the archipelago in the last few years, and one of the few documented cases in which Lepisiota frauenfeldi (Mayr, 1855) s.l. acts as a successful tramp species. Comments are also given on taxonomic problems involving the L. frauenfeldi-group and related taxa. Finally, new additional information and comments are presented on the distribution of other alien ants species from the Canary Islands [Lasius neglectus Van Loon, Boomsma & Andrásfalvy, 1990, Lepisiota capensis (Mayr, 1862) and Paratrechina longicornis (Latreille, 1802)].
description: Fragmenta Entomologica, Vol. 50 No. 1 (2018)
Market Response to a Food Safety Shock: The 2006 Foodborne Illness Outbreak of E. coli O157:H7 Linked to Spinach
Creators: name: Arnade, Carlos Anthony
name: Calvin, Linda
name: Kuchler, Fred
name: Arnade, Carlos Anthony
name: Calvin, Linda
name: Kuchler, Fred
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety

description: In 2006 FDA announced that consumers should not eat fresh spinach in the wake of a large foodborne illness outbreak of E. coli O157:H7. This paper investigates response of consumers to the announcement. We use an AIDS demand model with 5 food safety shock variables and retail scanner data to analyze market response. Even fifteen months after the outbreak, predicted sales of spinach in bags were still down 10 percent from what they would have been in the absense of the food safety shock. After the outbreak, consumers shifted to other leafy greens such as bulk iceberg lettuce, other bulk lettuce, and bagged salads without spinach.
AZ-97 (Oryza sativa ssp. Indica) exhibits superior biomass production by maintaining the tiller numbers, leaf width, and leaf elongation rate under phosphorus deficiency
Creators: name: Tsujimoto, Yasuhiro
name: Sakata, Mitsukazu
name: Raharinivo, Viviane
name: Tanaka, Juan Pariasca
name: Takai, Toshiyuki
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Plant Biology

description: Shoot morphology in rice plants changes in response to P deficiency. However, how genotypic variations in these morphological changes affect the canopy development and biomass production have hardly been explored. The study aimed to identify specific shoot morphological traits that confer biomass production under P deficiency. Four rice genotypes, including AZ-97 (WAS 63–22-5-9-10-1), which exhibits high performance under highly P-deficient fields in Madagascar, were grown for 56 days in flooded pots over several P application rates to simulate P-sufficient and moderately, severely, and extremely P-deficient conditions. AZ-97 had superior shoot P contents and biomass than Takanari, a high-yielding cultivar, and X265, a common high-yielding cultivar in Madagascar at severely to moderately P-deficient conditions. Shoot biomass was highly correlated with projected leaf area (PLA) from the early growth stage, and tiller number, leaf width, and leaf elongation rate explained the variations in PLA. These morphological traits reduced significantly with decreased P application rates, while reduction in AZ-97 was small relative to the other genotypes, even for equivalent shoot P contents. As the result, AZ-97 had greater PLA per unit of shoot P content at equivalent shoot P contents. The result indicates that lower sensitivity and degrees of change in shoot morphology when exposed to P deficiency stress could be a key trait facilitating the maintenance of captured radiation and subsequently influencing genotypic differences in external P uptakes and biomass production. AZ-97 is a potential donor with such traits that can offer an additional avenue for genetic improvement toward P-efficient rice production.Abbreviations DAT: days after transplanting; LN: leaf number in the main stem; PLA: projected green leaf area; PUE: phosphorus use efficiency; SSA: Sub-Saharan Africa.
The Profitability of Organic Soybean Production
Creators: name: McBride, William D.
name: Greene, Catherine R.
name: McBride, William D.
name: Greene, Catherine R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: Results from long-term experimental trials suggest that similar yields and lower costs are possible with organic compared to conventional soybeans, but there is little information about the relative costs and returns on commercial farms. This study examines the profitability of commercial soybean production using a nationwide survey of soybean producers for 2006 that includes a targeted sample of organic growers. Treatment-effect models are specified to isolate the impact of choosing the organic approach on various levels of soybean production costs. Organic soybean costs range from about $1 to $6 per bushel higher than those for conventional soybeans due to both lower yields and higher per-acre costs, while the average organic price premium in 2006 is more than $9 per bushel. High returns to organic production are attributed to the significant price premiums paid for organic soybeans in 2006, and these price premiums have remained high in 2007 and 2008. However, much higher conventional soybean prices and increased fuel prices may have reduced the incentive for planting organic soybeans.
Detectable neutrino fluxes due to enhanced cosmic ray densities in the Galactic Center region
Creators: name: Candia, Julián
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine in detail the detectability of a signal of diffuse high energy neutrinos produced in the Milky Way by the interaction of cosmic rays (CRs) with the interstellar medium (ISM). We show that highly inhomogeneous galactic CR densities arise naturally from large scale drift effects and the inhomogeneous distribution of CR sources. In particular, the CR density in the Galactic Center region (where the ISM density is maximal) could be an order of magnitude larger than the local CR density. Hence, the expected diffuse flux of neutrinos from the Galactic Center region becomes enhanced and could be detected at energies above $\sim 10^4$ GeV in a km$^3$-size neutrino telescope within 10 years of operation. The galactic anisotropy, which is the main signature of this flux, allows to discriminate this signal from other possible extraterrestrial diffuse fluxes of high energy neutrinos.
description: 20 pages, 5 figures; added/removed references and expanded discussions. To appear in JCAP
Coleoptera, Beetles. Volume 1: Morphology and Systematics. Archostemata, Adephaga, Myxophaga, Polyphaga partim.
Creators: name: Minelli, Alessandro
Publisher: name: Fragmenta Entomologica
Year: 2017

description: Not available
description: Fragmenta Entomologica, Vol. 49 No. 2 (2017)
ПРАВОВЫЕ АСПЕКТЫ ЯТРОГЕНИИ В АКУШЕРСТВЕ
Creators: name: Худоярова, Дилдора
name: Юлдашева, Дилдор
name: Кучкоров, Акмал
name: Ширинова, Мадина
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: В статье рассматривается актуальность и своевременность выявления такой категории, как ятрогенные преступления. Во всем мире проблема ятрогении все еще выходит на новый рубеж развития снова и снова. Развитие медицины и медицинской промышленности вышло на первый план и побочные эффекты не отстают от них. Вместе с прогрессом медицинской науки, с другой стороны, параллельно с этим возросла степень опасности медицинской помощи, количество ятрогенных заболеваний и смертность от них.
Irrigation Water Value Scenarios for 2015: Application to Guadalquivir River
Creators: name: Mesa-Jurado, Maria A.
name: Piston, Juan Maximo
name: Giannoccaro, Giacomo
name: Berbel, Julio
name: Mesa-Jurado, Maria A.
name: Piston, Juan Maximo
name: Giannoccaro, Giacomo
name: Berbel, Julio
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Water pricing
subject: Irrigated agriculture
subject: Value of water
subject: Scenario analysis

description: This paper reviews the application of a scenario for the 2015 agricultural policy and markets for the irrigated agriculture in Europe. Scenarios for irrigated agriculture 2015 are also described in detail including Reformed CAP and biomass demand. It is applied at the basin level for the Guadalquivir River in southern Spain. The methodology is based upon residual value of water and it combines budget and farm analysis at municipality level, with the Guadalquivir basin divided at 50 ‘comarcas’; in each of them 24 possible crops are selected with specific ‘comarca’ data bases. The 2015 scenario studies the present level of water use and value, and makes an analysis for 2015.This model allows the knowledge of water value and irrigated agriculture at ‘comarca’ level and ‘aggregated basin level’.
A new analysis of 14O beta decay: branching ratios and CVC consistency
Creators: name: Towner, I. S.
name: Hardy, J. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ground-state Gamow-Teller transition in the decay of 14O is strongly hindered and the electron spectrum deviates markedly from the allowed shape. A reanalysis of the only available data on this spectrum changes the branching ratio assigned to this transition by seven standard deviations: our new result is (0.54 \pm 0.02)%. The Kurie plot data from two earlier publications are also examined and a revision to their published branching ratios is recommended. The required nuclear matrix elements are calculated with the shell model and, for the first time, consistency is obtained between the M1 matrix element deduced from the analog gamma transition in 14N and that deduced from the slope of the shape-correction function in the beta transition, a requirement of the conserved vector current hypothesis. This consistency is only obtained, however, if renormalized rather than free-nucleon operators are used in the shell-model calculations. In the mirror decay of 14C a similar situation occurs. Consistency between the 14C lifetime, the slope of the shape-correction function and the M1 matrix element from gamma decay can only be achieved with renormalized operators in the shell-model calculation.
description: 9 pages; revtex4; one figure
Mixed QCD-electroweak contributions to Higgs-plus-dijet production at the LHC
Creators: name: Bredenstein, A.
name: Hagiwara, K.
name: Jager, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a calculation of interference effects in Hjj production via gluon fusion and via vector boson fusion, respectively, beyond tree level. We reproduce results recently discussed in the literature, but go beyond this calculation by including a class of diagrams not considered previously. Special care is taken in developing a numerically stable and flexible parton level Monte-Carlo program which allows us to study cross sections and kinematic distributions within experimentally relevant selection cuts. Loop-induced interference contributions are found to exhibit kinematical distributions different in shape from vector boson fusion. Due to the small interference cross section and cancelation among different quark flavor contributions their impact on the signal process is found to be negligible in all regions of phase space, however.
description: 26 pages, 14 figures
Recent changes in rice production in rainfed lowland and irrigated ecosystems in Thailand
Creators: name: Suwanmontri, Pichayanun
name: Kamoshita, Akihiko
name: Fukai, Shu
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: While Thailand is a major rice exporting country in the world, the yield is low among Asian countries. In order to identify factors determining the changes in rice productivity in the country for the last 45 years (1974–2018), various data on production statistics from the Office of Agricultural Economics were analysed for two key regions of rainfed lowland-based Northeast Thailand and irrigated lowland-based Central Thailand. Rice yield increase in Thailand was slower in the first 16 years to 1989, but more rapid to 2011 followed by a large fluctuation in more recent time, and this pattern reflected in the pattern of rice production in the country. The changes in rice production were partly associated with the changes in irrigation water availability affecting dry season rice area and grain yield, thus increasing total production up to 2011, but thereafter decreasing production. The changes in production were also associated with other factors such as increased fertiliser application rate in early years, proportion of modern high yielding varieties adopted in Central Thailand in early years, and continuous agronomic improvement in Northeast Thailand throughout the whole period. In Northeast Thailand where the largest rice production takes place in the country, the same varieties of high grain quality but rather limited yield potential have dominated since 1974, indicating the importance of grain quality rather than high varietal yield in determining the total rice production in the country. Government policy has appeared to have affected the production, though it is not quantified in the study.
ANALYSIS OF IMPACT ON DOMESTIC AGRICULTURE OF WTO MARKET ACCESS POLICY WITH THE HAMI SIMULATION MODEL
Creators: name: Girardin, Jean
name: Girardin, Jean
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Maximal domestic price
subject: Sensitive products
subject: Partial Sector Simulation
subject: Market Access Simulation
subject: World Trade Organization

description: A simple but new theoretical approach is used to analyse ex-ante the impact of tariff reduction. This methodology is based on the assumption of a constant price relation between each direct substitutable product. No elasticities are needed, but accurate import and domestic prices of the most sensitive and representative product of each tariff line are required. The present contribution forms a partial sector static simulation model that minimises the reduction of domestic production prices for the agricultural sector consecutive of the WTO market access negotiations of the Doha round. Results are shown on two levels whereas one of them provides rapidly a preliminary hierarchy of the sensitive products tariff lines and their optimal number. The second level provides a post-WTO maximal domestic price for aggregated products for which demand and supply elasticities are known. These maximal prices can be used as exogenous variable in dynamic models.
Unitarity in KK-graviton production: A case study in warped extra-dimensions
Creators: name: de Giorgi, A.
name: Vogl, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Kaluza-Klein (KK) decomposition of higher-dimensional gravity gives rise to a tower of KK-gravitons in the effective four-dimensional (4D) theory. Such massive spin-2 fields are known to be connected with unitarity issues and easily lead to a breakdown of the effective theory well below the naive scale of the interaction. However, the breakdown of the effective 4D theory is expected to be controlled by the parameters of the 5D theory. Working in a simplified Randall-Sundrum model we study the matrix elements for matter annihilations into massive gravitons. We find that truncating the KK-tower leads to an early breakdown of perturbative unitarity. However, by considering the full tower we obtain a set of sum rules for the couplings between the different KK-fields that restore unitarity up to the scale of the 5D theory. We prove analytically that these are fulfilled in the model under consideration and present numerical tests of their convergence. This work complements earlier studies that focused on graviton self-interactions and yields additional sum rules that are required if matter fields are incorporated into warped extra-dimensions.
description: 22 pages + appendices, 6 figures, matches published version
[Elicitation of sentences, verb paradigms, and vocabulary, text]
Creators: name: Jerónimo Laureano, Miguel
name: Santiago Francisco, José
name: McFarland, Teresa
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: tlp

description: 4 WAV files. Corresponds to pp. 63-78 of related field notes. Text is about a belief that someone dies shortly after their spouse (004), with transcription and translation on pp. 77-78.
First record of Lindenia tetraphylla (Vander Linden, 1825) and rediscovery of Orthetrum nitidinerve (Selys, 1841) in Sicily (Insecta: Odonata)
Creators: name: Surdo, Salvatore
Publisher: name: Fragmenta Entomologica
Year: 2017

description: The first Sicilian record of Lindenia tetraphylla and a new regional record of Orthetrum nitidinerve, species not recorded since 1975 in mainland Sicily, are here reported. All individuals of L. tetraphylla and O. nitidinerve were observed in the same site in the province of Trapani.
description: Fragmenta Entomologica, Vol. 49 No. 2 (2017)
Efficient tunable generic model for fluid bilayer membranes
Creators: name: Cooke, Ira R.
name: Kremer, Kurt
name: Deserno, Markus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a model for the efficient simulation of generic bilayer membranes. Individual lipids are represented by one head- and two tail-beads. By means of simple pair potentials these robustly self-assemble to a fluid bilayer state over a wide range of parameters, without the need for an explicit solvent. The model shows the expected elastic behavior on large length scales, and its physical properties (eg fluidity or bending stiffness) can be widely tuned via a single parameter. In particular, bending rigidities in the experimentally relevant range are obtained, at least within $3-30 k_{\text{B}}T$. The model is naturally suited to study many physical topics, including self-assembly, fusion, bilayer melting, lipid mixtures, rafts, and protein-bilayer interactions.
description: 4 Pages 4 Figures
Decoupled Farm Payments and the Role of Base Updating Under Uncertainty
Creators: name: Bhaskar, Arathi
name: Beghin, John C.
name: Bhaskar, Arathi
name: Beghin, John C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: Agricultural Finance

description: In the context of the U.S farm policy, this paper analyzes the effect that expectations about base updating in future policies have on a farmer’s acreage decision in the presence of price, yield and policy uncertainty. We consider a risk neutral farmer producing a single crop whose income consists of market revenue and government payments. We consider two policy regimes. Decisions made in the current policy regime are linked to government payments in the future policy regime through the possibility of a base update in the future regime. There is policy uncertainty about the possibility of a base update being allowed in the future. We combine stochastic dynamic programming with present value calculations to link current acreage decisions to future program payments. The average optimal planted acreage is weakly increasing in the subjective probability of the future base update. The maximum percentage increase in the average optimal planted acreage is 6%.
Severe alterations caused by the indigenous pyralid Denticera divisella (Dup.) on the cultivated Euphorbia x lomi Rauh (Euphorbiaceae) in Sicily, with notes on some agronomic aspects (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)
Creators: name: Bella, Salvatore
name: Spina, Alfio
name: Salamone, Adele
name: Fascella, Giancarlo
Publisher: name: Fragmenta Entomologica
Year: 2017

description: In this contribution, we report information on the severe alterations caused by the stem boring moth Denticera divisella (Duponchel, 1842) (Lepidoptera, Pyralidae) on the cultivated Euphorbia x lomi Rauh (Euphorbiaceae). This plant is an ornamental hybrid of recent origin, much appreciated for the attractive inflorescences, used both as an apartment plant and, especially in Sicily, as an outdoor plant. In this region, this species is an important source of income for many nursing businesses that have replaced it with some species whose market was in crisis. The pyralid is an indigenous species with an European distribution, while Euphorbia x lomi is a hybrid from Thailandia native to Madagascar, with many varieties currently cultivated in the world. The observations were conducted in Sicily in 2014 and 2015.
description: Fragmenta Entomologica, Vol. 49 No. 2 (2017)
Agronomic responses of soybean cultivars to narrow intra-row spacing in a cool region of northern Japan
Creators: name: Kumagai, Etsushi
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 20199 Astronomical and Space Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology

description: Combinations of cultivar selection and management practices are used to maximize soybean yields in Japan. High plant density could increase the amount of solar radiation intercepted by the canopy and thereby increase growth and yield, but both cultivar and environment affect the response to plant density. The mechanisms underlying responses of soybean to high plant density are not fully understood. This study tested the effects of high plant density by narrow intra-row spacing on agronomic traits in 2 years using three cultivars (Ryuhou, Okushirome, and Fukuibuki) in Morioka, Iwate, in the Tohoku region of Japan. Averaged across years and cultivars, narrow intra-row spacing increased seed yield. Interestingly, there was a significant year × intra-row spacing × cultivar interaction: In the first year, narrow intra-row spacing increased yield of Ryuhou and Fukuibuki but not of Okushirome; in the second year, however, it increased yield of all cultivars similarly. The lack of yield response of Okushirome to narrow intra-row spacing in the first year presumably resulted from an excessive leaf area index (LAI) and a higher lodging score. The results suggest that high plant density by narrow intra-row spacing is an effective option for increasing soybean yields in the Tohoku region, although agronomic traits such as LAI and susceptibility to lodging should be considered.
The genus Anterhynchium in the Philippine Islands (Hymenoptera: Vespidae, Eumeninae)
Creators: name: Selis, Marco
Publisher: name: Fragmenta Entomologica
Year: 2017

description: A taxonomic study on the genus Anterhynchium de Saussure, 1863 from the Philippine Islands is presented. Two species are recorded: A. astrophilum Giordani Soika, 1996 and A. townesi van der Vecht, 1963. Anterhynchium astrophilum is recorded for the first time since its description, A. flavomarginatum townesi is raised to species rank (A. townesi stat. nov.) and its unknown male is described. A key to the species and new distributional records are provided.
description: Fragmenta Entomologica, Vol. 49 No. 2 (2017)
Quantum dynamics and decoherence in coherently driven one-dimensional double-well system
Creators: name: Igarashi, Akira
name: Yamada, Hiroaki S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We numerically study influence of a polychromatic perturbation on wave acket dynamics in one-dimensional double-well potential. It is found that time-dependence of the tunneling probability shows two kinds of the motion typically, coherent oscillation and irregular fluctuation, depending on the perturbation parameters. The coherent motion changes the irregular one as the increase of the strength and/or the number of frequency components of the perturbation. We discuss a relation between our model and decoherence in comparing with the result under stochastic perturbation. Furthermore we compare the quantum fluctuation, tunneling in the quantum dynamics with ones in the semiquantal dynamics.
description: 11 pages, 10 figures
The Tariff Equivalent and Forgone Trade Effects of Prohibitive Technical Barriers to Trade
Creators: name: Yue, Chengyan
name: Beghin, John C.
name: Yue, Chengyan
name: Beghin, John C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Corner solution
subject: Kuhn-Tucker model
subject: New Zealand apples
subject: nontariff barrier
subject: NTB
subject: prohibitive
subject: random utility
subject: TBT
subject: technical barrier to trade

description: We derive a method to econometrically estimate the tariff equivalent and foregone trade effects of a prohibitive technical barrier to trade (TBT) based on Wales and Woodland’s Kuhn-Tucker approach to corner solutions in consumer choice. The method overcomes the lack of observed data on bilateral trade flows and accounts for differentiated goods by place of origin. We apply the derived random utility model to international trade in apples to identify the tariff equivalent of prohibitive nontariff trade barriers imposed by Australia on potential imports of New Zealand apples. We estimate the forgone apple trade between the two countries, the implied trade injury imposed by Australia on New Zealand, and the welfare loss to Australia. The removal of the TBTs would induce net welfare gains around US$50 million annually for Australia.
Characteristics and potential clinical applications of the extracellular vesicles of human pathogenic Fungi
Creators: name: Ullah, A
name: Huang, Y
name: Zhao, Kening
name: Hua, Y
name: Ullah, S
name: Rahman, MU
name: Wang, J
name: Wang, Q
name: Hu, X
name: Zheng, L
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 3107
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
classificationCode: 3207
subject: Medical microbiology

description: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a heterogeneous group of lipid membrane-enclosed compartments that contain different biomolecules and are released by almost all living cells, including fungal genera. Fungal EVs contain multiple bioactive components that perform various biological functions, such as stimulation of the host immune system, transport of virulence factors, induction of biofilm formation, and mediation of host–pathogen interactions. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on EVs of human pathogenic fungi, mainly focusing on their biogenesis, composition, and biological effects. We also discuss the potential markers and therapeutic applications of fungal EVs.
The Benefits and Costs of Alternative Strategies to Improve Educational Outcomes
Creators: name: Orazem, Peter F.
name: Glewwe, Paul
name: Patrinos, Harry
name: Orazem, Peter F.
name: Glewwe, Paul
name: Patrinos, Harry
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: Labor and Human Capital

description: This paper reviews the stylized facts regarding the levels of human capital investments and the returns to those investments in developing countries. It shows that 23% of children in developing countries do not complete the fifth grade and of these, 55% started school but dropped out. We argue that eliminating dropouts is the most cost effective way to make progress on the goal of Universal Primary Education. Of the various mechanisms we can use, mechanisms that stimulate schooling demand have the strongest evidence of success to date and are the most cost effective.
Magnon decay in gapped quantum spin systems
Creators: name: Kolezhuk, Alexei
name: Sachdev, Subir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the O(3) sigma-model description of gapped spin systems, S=1 magnons can only decay into three lower energy magnons. We argue that the symmetry of the quantum spin Hamiltonian often allows decay into two magnons, and compute this decay rate in model systems. Two magnon decay is present in Haldane gap S=1 spin chains, even though it cannot be induced by any allowed term written in powers and gradients of the sigma-model field. We compare our results with recent measurements of Stone et al. (cond-mat/0511266) on a two-dimensional spin system.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Searching for dynamical black holes in various theories of gravity
Creators: name: Nojiri, Shin'ichi
name: Odintsov, Sergei D.
name: Faraoni, Valerio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct models of Einstein and $f(R)$ gravity with two scalar fields, which admit analytical solutions describing time-varying dynamical black holes. Their thermodynamics is investigated in the adiabatic approximation. In addition to the Misner-Sharp-Hernandez quasilocal mass, we provide time-dependent thermodynamical quantities, including the Hawking temperature, Helmholtz free energy, entropy, and thermodynamical energy. The latter does not always coincide with the Misner-Sharp-Hernandez mass at the horizon, although they coincide in the static limit. For Schwarzschild-type (i.e., $g_{tt}g_{rr}=-1$) black holes in Einstein gravity, one of the two scalars is always a ghost with negative kinetic energy. We show that this ghost can be avoided in $f(R)$ gravity.
description: Added extra explanation and Appendix B, bibliography expanded. Matches version accepted in Phys. Rev. D
ИЗМЕНЕНИЯ В ВЕНОЗНОМ КРОВОТОКЕ ПРИ БЕРЕМЕННОСТИ: ПРИЧИНЫ И ФАКТОРЫ
Creators: name: Эшонкулова, Файёза
name: Равшанова, Мохинур
name: Сувонкулова, Камола
name: Шавази, Н.Н.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Изучение варикозного расширения вен и беременности с точки зрения генетической предрасположенности. Исследование проведено на 100 беременных женщинах с варикозным расширением вен в анамнезе, проходивших лечение в родильном комплексе Самаркандского областного перинатального центра в течение 2022-2023 гг. В исследовании использовались общеклинические, лабораторные (кровь, биохимический), инструментальные и статистические методы исследования. Уровни антитромбина и протромбина были выше у женщин с варикозным расширением вен во время беременности, чем у здоровых женщин. У женщин с варикозным расширением вен до беременности этот показатель был в 3 раза выше, чем у здоровых женщин, и в 2 раза выше, чем у женщин, у которых во время беременности развилась ВВ.
Strange loves: a remarkable case of aberrant copulation in beetles (Coleoptera: Meloidae, Chrysomelidae)
Creators: name: Di Giulio, Andrea
name: Gisondi, Silvia
name: Molfini, Marco
name: Riccieri, Alessandra
name: Scarparo, Giulia
name: Bologna, Marco Alberto
Publisher: name: Fragmenta Entomologica
Year: 2017

description: A case of copulation between two mimic and repellent beetle species (a male of Timarcha fracassii, and a female of Meloe autumnalis), belonging to distinct families (Chrysomelidae, Meloidae), is recorded.
description: Fragmenta Entomologica, Vol. 49 No. 2 (2017)
Topological Descendants of Multicritical EuTl2
Creators: name: Wang, Lin-Lin
name: Po, Hoi Chun
name: Slager, Robert-Jan
name: Vishwanath, Ashvin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The past decades have witnessed a transformation in characterizing condensed matter systems with topology. Aided by a refined understanding of topological band structures with crystalline symmetries that has emerged recently, many electronic phases have been identified and a plethora of materials have been predicted to host novel properties and functionalities. A key underlying question, also with respect to future application, is to what extent the related physical features can be manipulated, especially in the context of magnetic order. Here we describe a paradigmatic semimetal that simultaneously incorporates multiple, and sometimes conflicting topology which guarantees gaplessness and leads to an exceptionally rich family of descendent phases on lowering symmetry. We predict that this multicritical phase is realized in EuTl2. Starting from the parent semimetallic state, which already separates two topological insulating regimes, the interplay of inherent magnetism and strain allows for an exceptionally rich phase diagram of topological descendant states.
description: 24 pages, 6 figures
Can Rural Communities Comply with the New Arsenic Standard for Drinking Water?
Creators: name: Cho, Yongsung
name: Konishi, Yoshifumi
name: Easter, K. William
name: Cho, Yongsung
name: Konishi, Yoshifumi
name: Easter, K. William
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development
Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: Our primary concern in this paper is to determine to what extent small communities have difficulty meeting the new stricter 2001 standard for arsenic levels in their drinking water. To do this we survey water users in rural Minnesota communities that had arsenic levels in their water supply exceeding 10 μg/L during 2001-2006. Our survey results show that after obtaining complete information concerning the arsenic levels in their drinking water consumers with relatively low levels of arsenic were willing to pay $8-9 annually, while those with high levels of arsenic are willing to pay $15-17 annually. We also found that consumer’s willingness to pay (WTP) didn’t vary by community size. Thus, we conclude that compared to compliance costs ($58-327 per capita annually) small rural communities were likely to find it difficult to cover the cost of compliance through increased water charges. Since many of the communities have to cover these costs of compliance by raising water charges, we ask the basic question: are there better treatment options for these rural communities that will lower the cost to consumers? One option might be to encourage individual householders to use household water treatment devices for communities serving fewer than 500 people. The devices could be made available by the local entity supplying the community’s water possibly at a subsidized rate along with complete information about the arsenic level in the water supply.
Two new African and Madagascan species of the genus Holochlora (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae, Phaneropterinae)
Creators: name: Massa, Bruno
Publisher: name: Fragmenta Entomologica
Year: 2017

description: Two new species, Holochlora mauritiana and H. ingrischi from the island of Mauritius and Zimbabwe, respectively, are described. Along with a third species, H. biloba Stål, 1874 from Madagascar, they are the sole African representatives of the mostly Oriental genus Holochlora Stål, 1873, including ca. 60 taxa distributed from India to China. Preliminary hypotheses on biogeographical and evolutionary origin of Afro-Madagascan Holochlora species are shortly discussed.
description: Fragmenta Entomologica, Vol. 49 No. 2 (2017)
Quantum Monte Carlo Simulations of the Impurity-Induced Phase Transitions in Low-Dimensional Magnets
Creators: name: Matsumoto, Munehisa
name: Takayama, Hajime
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the impurity-induced phase transitions in a quasi-one-dimensional Heisenberg antiferromagnet doped with magnetic spin-1/2 impurities and non-magnetic ones. The impurity-induced transition temperature determined by the quantum Monte Carlo method with the continuous-time loop algorithm is monotonically increasing as a function of the magnitude of the impurity spin. To these results, we give discussions based on the valence-bond solid-like picture for the pure system and the inspection of the local magnetic structure around the impurities.
description: 5 pages, 4 eps figure files, manuscript for the proceedings of the 18th Annual Workshop "Recent Developments in Computer Simulation Studies in Condensed Matter Physics" held at the Center for Simulational Physics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA, during March 7-11, 2005
Comparison of pre and post-pandemic general morbidity in primary care
Creators: name: Hector Riquelme Heras M.D.
name: Jose Manuel Ramirez Aranda M.D.
name: Raul Gutierrez Herrera M.D.
name: Irasema Sierra Ayala M.D.
name: Isauro Saenz Saucedo M.D.
name: Salma Nielsen Fonseca M.D.
name: Daniel Estrada Martinez M.D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Background

OBJECTIVE: Determine the changes in the frequency of some diseases pre and post-pandemic COVID-19.

METHODS: Retrospective, descriptive, cross-sectional, observational study of the Family Medicine clinic files of the University Hospital of Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Mexico. (UANL)

The total files (15,849 records) representing the general morbidity of the year 2018 (pre-pandemic) were studied and compared with a post-pandemic year (March-Dec 2022 and Jan-Feb 2023.)

RESULTS: The results show an increase in pathologies such as cancer, with an increase of 105%, and Tuberculosis, with an increase of 130%.

On the other hand, a decrease in Diabetes Mellitus and Arterial Hypertension was observed up to 50% less.

Other pathologies, such as HIV, increased in a small proportion. Anxiety and depression practically stayed the same.

Lymphomas is the cancer that showed the most significant increase (nine times greater)

CONCLUSION: In patients treated at the University Hospital of the UANL (MEXICO), an increase in cancer and a decrease in cases of hypertension and diabetes have been observed if we compare the pre-and post-pandemic data. Health systems must take steps to address these changes in morbidity and ensure adequate patient care.

What is inconsistent with previous reports is that some diseases increased significantly post-pandemic, and others decreased by half while others remained stable.

 

KEYWORDS: Morbidity; Pandemic; Primary Care.
Estimates of Minnesota farm-level crop commodity payments under alternative proposed federal policies
Creators: name: Olson, Kent D.
name: DalSanto, Matthew R.
name: Olson, Kent D.
name: DalSanto, Matthew R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Agricultural Finance

description: With the current federal farm bill expired as of the end of September this year, many proposals have been made to redesign the next bill. The objective of this study is to compare the current policy with major proposed alternatives by estimating the potential payments for 17 example farms in Minnesota under each of the alternatives. The alternative proposals analyzed are the two alternatives in the recently passed House proposal (HR 2419), Durbin-Brown revenue-based support proposal (S 1872), USDA’s proposed policy, NCGA’s proposal of commodity based revenue-based support, ASA’s proposal to adjust loan rates and target prices, multi-commodity revenue insurance, and NFU’s cost-based safety net. These policies are compared in two ways. First, an historical comparison of crop revenue and estimated government payments for individual farms are made under each proposal from 2002-2005. Second, projections of crop revenue and government payments are made using historical yields for each farm, county, and nation; historical price data; and statistical distributions of the yields and prices. Using FAPRI-2 projections (which are closer to the prices expected in the next few years when a new farm bill will be in force), expected TGPs are similar for the most likely alternatives. TGPs for the two House proposals (HB-CCP and HB-RCCP) are consistently a little higher than the current policy. TGPs with the D-B proposal are slightly higher for some farms and slightly lower for others—ranging from 94% to 105% of the current policy. Non-DP payments are projected to be much higher for HB-CCP and HB-RCCP compared to current policy. The non-DP payments are slightly lower on average for the D-B proposal, but there was a wide dispersion across farms. Each of the proposals reduces risk by similar levels as measured by the variability of a farm’s market revenue plus government payments compared to the expected total of market revenue. Since expected payments and risk reductions are similar between the most likely options, the choice between these alternatives depends more on the method used to determine payments and less on what the final amount is. Current policy and HB-CCP use a price based system to calculate payments with target prices set in policy and HB-RCCP sets the target revenue in policy while D-B used a market-oriented system to set the target revenue in each year. So, if the goal is to provide a safety net that moves with market conditions in a volatile world, the D-B proposal would be the best choice based on its market orientation.
Ecology and life history of Paratomapoderus brachypterus in Gabon (Coleoptera: Attelabidae)
Creators: name: Biondi, Silvano
name: Massarone, Carlo
name: Manci, Cosmin-Ovidiu
Publisher: name: Fragmenta Entomologica
Year: 2017

description: On the base of data collected during four expeditions in Gabon (West Africa) from 2012 to 2016, the authors provide new information on trophic activity and reproductive behaviour of Paratomapoderus brachypterus (Voss, 1926) (Attelabidae: Apoderinae, Hoplapoderini), with emphasis on leaf-roll realisation; host plant, leaf roll, larva and pupa are illustrated for the first time.
description: Fragmenta Entomologica, Vol. 49 No. 2 (2017)
Agronomic responses of soybean cultivars to narrow intra-row spacing in a cool region of northern Japan
Creators: name: Kumagai, Etsushi
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 20199 Astronomical and Space Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology

description: Combinations of cultivar selection and management practices are used to maximize soybean yields in Japan. High plant density could increase the amount of solar radiation intercepted by the canopy and thereby increase growth and yield, but both cultivar and environment affect the response to plant density. The mechanisms underlying responses of soybean to high plant density are not fully understood. This study tested the effects of high plant density by narrow intra-row spacing on agronomic traits in 2 years using three cultivars (Ryuhou, Okushirome, and Fukuibuki) in Morioka, Iwate, in the Tohoku region of Japan. Averaged across years and cultivars, narrow intra-row spacing increased seed yield. Interestingly, there was a significant year × intra-row spacing × cultivar interaction: In the first year, narrow intra-row spacing increased yield of Ryuhou and Fukuibuki but not of Okushirome; in the second year, however, it increased yield of all cultivars similarly. The lack of yield response of Okushirome to narrow intra-row spacing in the first year presumably resulted from an excessive leaf area index (LAI) and a higher lodging score. The results suggest that high plant density by narrow intra-row spacing is an effective option for increasing soybean yields in the Tohoku region, although agronomic traits such as LAI and susceptibility to lodging should be considered.
Effects of dynamical sea-quarks on quark and gluon propagators
Creators: name: Parappilly, Maria B.
name: Bowman, Patrick O.
name: Heller, Urs M.
name: Leinweber, Derek B
name: Williams, Anthony G.
name: Zhang, J. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an unquenched calculation of the quark propagator in Landau gauge with 2+1 flavors of dynamical quarks. We study the scaling behavior of the quark propagator in full QCD on two lattices with different lattice spacings and similar physical volume. We use configurations generated with an improved staggered (``Asqtad'') action by the MILC collaboration.
description: Talk given at Particles and Nuclei International Conference (PANIC05): Santa Fe, NM, USA Oct.24-28, 2005. 3 pages, 2 figures