cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Blocking the Entry of Breast Cancer-derived Extracellular Vesicles into Normal Cells
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: Introduction: Breast cancer treatments have long been limited to therapies that directly act on and kill tumor cells. Recent success (albeit partial) with immunotherapy reminds us of the importance to view breast cancer at the whole-body level and build new pillars of cancer treatment that target—instead of tumor cells—how tumor cells affect normal cells in the body to worsen the disease. Our group and others have previously found that breast cancer cells can secrete membrane-enclosed “sacs”, known as extracellular vesicles, which travel to various organs through blood stream and alter the normal cell function there. These vesicles are major contributors to tumor growth, metastasis to various organs, and other common symptoms of cancer such as chronic inflammation. Here, our multidisciplinary team will investigate this problem and therapeutic opportunity in cancer, for which no FDA-approved therapies are available, by screening for new therapeutic agents known as heparan sulfate. Heparan sulfate are long and complex carbohydrate chains that are linked to proteins on the cell surface, and play a critical role in cell entry of particles including viruses and vesicles. The idea is to use free (not cell-surface-bound) heparan sulfate to “coat” extracellular vesicles, preventing them from entering normal cells.
 Central Hypothesis: Certain types of heparan sulfate can block the entry of cancer-produced extracellular vesicles into normal cells, which can be developed as a novel therapy to protect the host and prevent tumor progression.
 General Methodology: We will label vesicles with green fluorescence to visualize and measure their binding to lung cells and tissues. In Aim 1, we will screen a library of heparan sulfate to find those that can block vesicle binding to lung cells. In Aim 2, we will evaluate the effects of selected heparan sulfate using mouse models of breast cancer.
 Innovative Elements: Our research will focus on blocking how cancer cells influence normal cell function. The search for heparan sulfate will bring latest advancements in glycoscience to treatment of breast cancer.
 Potential Impact: We expect to identify heparan sulfate that can block tissue uptake of cancer-produced vesicles, which would suppress breast tumor progression. This will guide further chemical synthesis to enhance efficacy and minimize side effects towards clinical trials.
Electroacupuncture for the management of cancer-related cognitive impairment in breast cancer (ECCO)
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: Almost 50% of breast cancer patients experience cognitive impairment. Evidence shows the role of cancer-related psychological distress and fatigue as pre-determining factors of cognitive impairment in breast cancer patients. In addition, it has been speculated that certain factors such as pro-inflammatory cytokines, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and mitochondrial dysfunction play significant roles in causing cancer-related cognitive impairment (CRCI). CRCI can lead to substantial economic, emotional, and social costs, and, unfortunately, there is a lack of effective treatments available for its management.

 As a research group that studies the benefits of integrative medicine in cancer therapy, evidence suggest that electroacupuncture (EA) shows great promise in reducing CRCI. Furthermore, scientific studies suggest that while traditional acupuncture provides significant relief from these symptoms, EA can provide greater benefit if the needles are placed at the proper sites. Hence, we aim to investigate the use of EA as a strategy to improve cognition and quality of life in breast cancer patients through a clinical trial.

 We will recruit breast cancer patients, who will be placed into one of two arms: a treatment arm (with EA) and a controlled arm (with sham-EA). The treatment arm will receive acupuncture at disease-related points, whereas the controlled arm will receive treatment at non-disease points. Over ten weeks, the patients will receive their respective treatment and do a follow-up visit four weeks after their last treatment. During four time points (1st visit, T1, T3, follow-up visit), each patient will be given questionnaires and have blood drawn to assess their symptom qualities and appropriate biomarker levels, respectively. In addition, to ensure that the relief of the symptoms and production of biomarkers is associated with brain structural changes, we will conduct neural imaging at T1 (5 weeks) and T3 (10 weeks). If our treatment yields high success rates, we plan to expand our patient demographic to various other cancers to determine its efficacy from a general cancer standpoint.
The pregnancy exposome and risk for premenopausal breast cancer (PMBC) across race/ethnicities
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: Introduction. Premenopausal breast cancer (PMBC) is increasing rapidly among women of color, who often have greater exposure to pollutants. We aim to understand how chemical exposures during pregnancy, when physiological changes increase vulnerability to toxics, affect PMBC risk in several racial/ethnic groups. In this pilot study, we will assemble essential information concerning populations and samples available to investigate this relationship. We will select a case-cohort study and analyze a small number of specimens to demonstrate feasibility and generate preliminary data to enable a future, larger study of environmental risks of PMBC.

 Research questions. 1) How many pregnant women of several race/ethnicities in California in 2003-2018 who have a frozen prenatal blood specimen later developed PMBC? 2) What are their demographic and tumor characteristics? 3) What quantities of which environmental chemicals are detected in their frozen blood samples, and how are they statistically related to each other?

 General methodology. We will link records of California pregnancies from 2003-2018, records of frozen blood samples given during state-provided prenatal screening in certain counties, and records of PMBC diagnoses from the California Cancer Registry. We will then randomly select maternal records within several racial/ethnic groups to form a study sample of PMBC cases and undiagnosed controls. We will describe the demographic characteristics of this population, and the tumor characteristics of the PMBC cases. We will also select 60 Black and white participants’ blood specimens to be analyzed using laboratory methods capable of efficiently detecting quantities of 1000+ environmental chemicals. We will determine the types, quantities, and interrelationships of detected chemicals.

 Innovative elements. This will be the first study to evaluate breast cancer risk in relation to the exposome during pregnancy, a critically susceptible window of exposure to toxic substances. We will employ recently developed laboratory methods with extensive environmental chemical coverage from a single specimen in a time-, cost-, and sample volume-efficient manner. This study will leverage existing records and frozen specimens to generate longitudinal data, avoiding many of the financial barriers and the lengthy follow-up time associated with prospective data collection.
Terellia (Terellia) colon
Creators: name: El-Hawagry, Magdi S.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Tephritidae
Terellia
Terellia colon

description: Terellia (Terellia) colon (Meigen, 1826)
Trypeta colon Meigen, 1826: 346. Unspecified type. Europe (Unknown) (MNHNP).
Trypeta wenigeri Meigen, 1826: 345. Syntypes. Germany (Muhlheim am Rhein region) & unstated European locality (MNHNP).
Sciomyza picta Meigen, 1830: 18. Unspecified type. Locality not stated [probably Germany: Stolberg] (MNHNP).
Tephritis obscura Brullé, 1833: 323. Unspecified type. Algeria (Forest of Koubeh) (MNHNP?).
Tephritis alciphron Newman,1833: 505. Syntypes. England (Isle of Wight, Coomba, Birch & Darent Woods). (Unknown type depository).
Terellia abrotani Macquart, 1835b: 460. Unspecified type. France (Paris) (MNHNP).
Terellia nebulosa Macquart, 1835b: 460. Unspecified type. Northern France (MNHNP?).
Trypeta nigricoma Loew, 1844: 422. Syntypes. Poland (Schlesien [Silesia]) & Turkey (Kleinasien [Asia Minor]) (ZMHB?).
Trypeta dispar Zetterstedt, 1847: 2259. Syntypes. Sweden (Gotland: Nygards & Fardume) (ZIL).
Trypeta varia Loew, 1869: 13. Syntypes. Greece (Rhodes) (ZMHB).
Tripeta nebrodesia Rondani, 1870b: 116. Syntypes. Italy (Sicily: Nebrodes [Nebrodi Mts.?]) (MZLS).
Orellia colon var. alis immaculatis Hendel, 1927a: 131.— Nomen nudum. Name improperly formed (polynominal).
Orellia colon var. alis maculatis Hendel, 1927a: 131.— Nomen nudum. Name improperly formed (polynominal).
Terellia virens: Efflatoun, 1924a: 78. Misidentification.
Distribution. PA: Britain, Israel, Kazakstan, w. Siberia S to North Africa, Sweden.
Egyptian localities. Coastal Strip: Dekheila, Mariout, Marg. Eastern Desert: North Galala, Ogret El-Sheikh, Suez
Road, Wadi Digla, Wadi Hoff. Lower Nile Valley and Delta: Ezbet El-Nakhl, Marg, Shoubra, Wardan.
Host plants. Flower heads of distaff thistles (Carthamus spp.). Source: Freidberg & Kugler (1989).
Dates of collection. Throughout the year.
description: Published as part of El-Hawagry, Magdi S., 2017, Catalogue of Egyptian Tephritoidea (Diptera: Schizophora: Acalyptratae), pp. 151-190 in Zootaxa 4299 (2) on page 177, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4299.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/843233
Microlepidogaster longicolla Calegari & Reis 2010
Creators: name: Langeani, Francisco
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Actinopterygii
Siluriformes
Loricariidae
Microlepidogaster
Microlepidogaster longicolla

description: Microlepidogaster longicolla Calegari & Reis (2010).
Paratypes: 1 lot, 5 specimens; DZSJRP 12453 (1 c&s), 39.7–44.5 mm SL, ribeirão Santana, tributary to rio São João, on road from Cidade Ocidental to Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil, 16°0’55”S, 47°48’02”W, cols. R.E. Reis, L.R. Malabarba, E.H.L. Pereira & J.P. Silva, 13 July 1998.
description: Published as part of Langeani, Francisco, 2017, Annotated catalog of the type specimens deposited at the fish collection of the " Universidade Estadual Paulista, Câmpus de São José do Rio Preto ", São Paulo, Brazil (DZSJRP), pp. 435-460 in Zootaxa 4319 (3) on page 451, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4319.3.2, http://zenodo.org/record/890303
Single cell multi-omic analysis of tumor and immune cells in malignant pleural effusions and ascites
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: About a third of patients with metastatic breast cancer will develop severe complications involving the accumulation of fluids in the lungs (malignant pleural effusion) and the abdomen (malignant peritoneal effusion or ascites, collectively termed malignant effusions. Patients with these conditions experience debilitating symptoms—difficulty breathing, abdominal or chest pain, fatigue, and general feeling of unwellness—adversely impacting their quality of life. Sadly, the onset of malignant effusions portends the impending death of patients who may live for only a few months following diagnosis. As no drugs directly target these conditions, patient care is limited to alleviating pain and discomfort by drainage of excess fluids. Relief, however, is brief, as fluids and symptoms return within a few days.

 To improve the care and survival of these patients, it is crucial to understand how the local tumor microenvironment (the fluid, cellular components, and molecules surrounding the cancer cells) in malignant effusions promotes tumor growth and hastens disease progression and death. Using molecular techniques to characterize single cells, we will profile tumor and immune cells present in these fluids to discover features driving treatment resistance and cancer spread. We will compare the molecular characteristics of the tumor cells in these fluids with those of solid breast tumors to clarify processes leading to the evolution of aggressive cancer. From collections of these fluids and single cell molecular analysis over time, we will examine whether changes in numbers and characteristics of these cells can provide information on treatment response and survival.

 We envisage our studies will lead to discovering new tumor-immune interactions that create conditions favoring tumor growth and disease progression. In the past decade, we have seen tremendous progress in treatments harnessing the immune system to fight cancer. By studying both the tumor and immune cells in malignant effusions, we hope to uncover new mechanisms of treatment resistance and identify potential targets to select the best drug regimens for these conditions. Our studies could help revolutionize the care and management of malignant effusions and thus alleviate suffering and prevent untimely deaths in patients with metastatic breast cancer who develop these complications.
A Novel Murine Single Cell RNA Sequencing Model for Small Cell Lung Cancer Development/Recurrence
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: Lung cancer kills more men and women than the other top three cancers combined. Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is the lung cancer most strongly associated with long term smoking and the most aggressive subtype, with a 5-year survival of only 8%. Standard of care is cisplatin+etoposide (CE) chemotherapy treatment. About 2/3 of patients respond to CE therapy, but the cancer almost always comes back and the average survival of treated patients is only about 1.5 years. The molecular understanding of SCLC lags behind that of other lung cancer subtypes due to the lack of tumor samples; few patients have surgery as most are diagnosed with extensive disease. In addition, SCLC arises in rare pulmonary neuroendocrine (PNE) cells. These cells make up ~1% of the cells in the lung and have been difficult to study. There is a great need to better understand the molecular basis of the development, progression and recurrence of SCLC. SCLC is characterized by the genetic inactivation of two tumor suppressor genes (TP53 and RB1) in 90% of patients. This has previously been used to develop a highly accurate genetically engineered mouse model in which both copies of these genes can be inactivated at a time chosen by the investigator. This mouse model recapitulates all aspects of human SCLC, including histology, metastatic behavior, and a highly specific tumor-associated autoimmune response observed in humans. Here we propose to make a key improvement in the model by introducing a genetic alteration which will activate fluorescence that is specific to PNE cells in the lung and will remain active in SCLC and metastatic SCLC. This will allow fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) to be used to obtain highly purified cell populations from different organs in the mice at any chosen time following SCLC initiation. This modification will enable us to use a state-of-the-art technique called single cell RNA sequencing to identify sequential molecular changes in gene expression and genetic mutations that occur during SCLC development, progression, metastasis and recurrence. Our proposed model promises to add critical information on the gene expression changes, altered pathways, and genetic insults occurring in SCLC from its earliest stages through recurrence, leading to potential new targets for diagnosis and therapy.
Prosodic Categorisation
Creators: name: De Lacy, Paul V.
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 1997

description: The structural elements of the prosodic hierarchy and the ways in which phonological generalisations make reference to them are investigated. The different types (categories) of such elements, especially the syllable, are examined more closely. Specifically, the traditional weight dichotomy of ‘heavy’ vs. ‘light’ syllables is shown to be empirically inadequate for the explanation of the diversity of stress systems attested in natural languages. Rejecting functional explanations of syllable weight, this thesis proposes a structure-based alternative within the framework of Optimality Theory. It is demonstrated that grammars may distinguish up to six or more syllable weight categories by means of a small number of ranked and violable constraints. This also accounts for reference to categories of elements other than the syllable. Both prosodic structure and properties of elements, especially segmental sonority, are shown to be factors in distinguishing categories.Here, as well as more generally, the Strict Layering Hypothesis is found to be both too restrictive and empirically inadequate as a constraint on which elements of prosodic structure are available to phonological processes. It is replaced with a more general Prosodic Accessibility Hypothesis, which in effect extends prosodic reference to minimal non-adjacency. This thesis has implications for the study of syllable weight, syllable structure, prosodic categorisation, and the organisation of the grammar.
Microlepidogaster negomata Martins, Cherobim, Andrade & Langeani 2017
Creators: name: Langeani, Francisco
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Actinopterygii
Siluriformes
Loricariidae
Microlepidogaster
Microlepidogaster negomata

description: Microlepidogaster negomata Martins, Cherobim, Andrade & Langeani (2017).
Holotype: DZSJRP 20135, 41.1 mm SL, Ribeirão Bebedouro on road to Chaves, upstream Arapuá, Rio Abaeté drainage, Rio São Francisco basin, Arapuá, Minas Gerais State, Brazil, el. 920 m, 19°02’50”S, 46°09’26”W, cols. F. Langeani, A.M. Cherobim, B.N. Andrade, A.C. Rosa, 27 August 2014.
Paratypes: 4 lots, 57 specimens; DZSJRP 21003, 26 (1 c&s, tissue samples of 3 specimens), 15.8–39.5 mm SL, collected with the holotype; DZSJRP 20128, 18 (tissue samples of 2 specimens), 28.8–37.2 mm SL, Ribeirão Bebedouro, fazenda Nego Matá, Arapuá, el. 1032 m, 19°04’42”S, 46°08’17”W, cols. F. Langeani, A.M. Cherobim, B.N. Andrade, A.C. Rosa, 27 August 2014; LBP 11774, 2, 19.1–29.6 mm SL, Arapuá, 19°02’51”S 45°09’32”W, cols. R. Devidé, G.J.C. Silva, R. Britzke, 19 May 2011; MZUSP 95291, 11 (1 c&s), 26.9–38.1 mm SL, Três Marias, Rio Curral das Éguas, on the border of the municipalities of Três Marias and São Gonçalo do Abaeté, 18°07’13”S 45°24’52”W, cols. O. Oyakawa, M. Toledo-Piza, I. Fichberg, C. Chamon, 3 October 2007.
Remarks: Since Microlepidogaster negomata was recently described, we have not included a photo of its holotype.
description: Published as part of Langeani, Francisco, 2017, Annotated catalog of the type specimens deposited at the fish collection of the " Universidade Estadual Paulista, Câmpus de São José do Rio Preto ", São Paulo, Brazil (DZSJRP), pp. 435-460 in Zootaxa 4319 (3) on page 451, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4319.3.2, http://zenodo.org/record/890303
Neoplecostomus bandeirante Roxo, Oliveira & Zawadzki 2012
Creators: name: Langeani, Francisco
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Actinopterygii
Siluriformes
Loricariidae
Neoplecostomus
Neoplecostomus bandeirante

description: Neoplecostomus bandeirante Roxo, Oliveira & Zawadzki (2012).
Paratypes: 1 lot, 2 specimens; DZSJRP 14881, 92.1–95.4 mm SL, rio Paraitinguinha, rio Tietê basin, upper rio Paraná, Salesópolis, São Paulo, Brazil, 23°31’25”S, 45°53’22”W, cols. R. Devidé, J.C.P. Alves & L.R. Paiva, 14 September 2006.
description: Published as part of Langeani, Francisco, 2017, Annotated catalog of the type specimens deposited at the fish collection of the " Universidade Estadual Paulista, Câmpus de São José do Rio Preto ", São Paulo, Brazil (DZSJRP), pp. 435-460 in Zootaxa 4319 (3) on page 451, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4319.3.2, http://zenodo.org/record/890303
Terellia (Terellia) luteola
Creators: name: El-Hawagry, Magdi S.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Tephritidae
Terellia
Terellia luteola

description: Terellia (Terellia) luteola (Wiedemann, 1830)
Trypeta luteola Wiedemann, 1830: 491. Lectotype. Egypten [= Egypt] (SMF). Lectotype designation by inference of holotype by White et al. (1990: 109).
Terellia serratulae: Efflatoun, 1924a: 76. Misidentification, See White et al. (1990: 109).
Distribution. PA: Egypt, Greece, Israel, Italy, Spain, Tunisia.
Egyptian localities. Unknown.
Host plants. The distaff thistles (Carthamus spp.). Source: White et al. (1990).
OTHER Plants from which flies were swept. Plumeless thistles (Carduus spp.). Source: Efflatoun (1924a).
Dates of collection. Unknown.
description: Published as part of El-Hawagry, Magdi S., 2017, Catalogue of Egyptian Tephritoidea (Diptera: Schizophora: Acalyptratae), pp. 151-190 in Zootaxa 4299 (2) on page 177, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4299.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/843233
Single-cell whole-brain imaging of nicotine dependence
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: The neuroscience field has made dramatic advancements in understanding how specific neurons and brain circuits control nicotine-related behaviors. However, we still have very little understanding of how the brain, as a whole, processes this information. This is a critical problem because nicotine and pharmacological and behavioral treatments affect the brain as a whole and not just specific circuits. To address this issue, we will use an innovative approach allowing identification of activated neurons at single-cell resolution throughout the entire brain to identify the whole-brain functional networks that are associated with four fundamental phases in the development of tobacco use disorder: acute nicotine, chronic dependence, acute withdrawal, and protracted abstinence. The overarching hypothesis is that coordinated activation of long-range cholinergic neurons is associated with decreased whole-brain modularity and withdrawal-related behaviors that can be partially normalized using FDA-approved medications. This project will identify the networks activated during critical phases relevant to tobacco use disorder and electronic cigarette use and identify the mechanism at the network level that underlies the effect of FDA-approved medications. This project will also provide novel biomarkers and comprehensive functional brain atlases to improve medication development to treat tobacco use disorder and our understanding of the acute and long-term effects of nicotine on the brain.
Environmental Toxicity of Electronic Cigarette and Heated Tobacco Product Components and Waste
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: Conventional smoking has been subsiding in recent decades, but the use of electronic smoking devices has been rapidly increasing. JUUL and many other electronic nicotine delivery devices (ENDS), also known as e-cigarettes, are already popular in California, while emerging heated tobacco products (HTPs) are being test marketed in other US cities. The use of these products results in millions of items of post-consumption waste (e.g., devices, cartridges, capsules, tobacco sticks), which are often discarded on the ground or into water. Although studies have been conducted showing that cigarette butts are highly toxic to California’s land, freshwater, and marine environments, little is known about the environmental toxicity of ENDS and HTP post-consumption waste. This study will be the first of its kind to address the important research question: do post-consumption waste items from ENDS and/or HTPs damage California’s environments? In Marin County, youth use tobacco products at schools and public open spaces. Endgame researchers at UCSF will collaborate with environmental toxicologists at San Diego State University, and we will partner with two local community-based agencies in Marin County. We will engage at-risk youth in research describing types, quantities and distributions of ENDS, HTP and other TPW in outdoor spaces, namely near high schools to assess indicators of youth use of these products. Toxicologists will analyze collected ENDS and HTP waste items to identify the chemical pollutants being generated by these wastes and their impacts on local ecosystems. The long-term objectives of the proposed study are to provide a scientific foundation on the environmental impacts of a wide variety of ENDS and HTP post-consumption waste to inform tobacco control environmental policymaking at the federal, state and local level. The proposed pilot project has a high potential for near-term impact by directly influencing California’s county-level local lead agencies and community-based organizations that are pursing the State’s endgame objective of eliminating tobacco produce waste. The project also has high potential for near-term impact of creating a new approach for working in partnership with at-risk youth from priority groups, and fostering youth engagement in local and state policymaking.
Dissecting Mechanisms Mediating E-cigarettes Effects on Heart Rate Variability and Atherosclerosis
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: 1. Hypothesis or Research Question: E-Cigarettes induce effects on heart rate variability and atherosclerosis by activating alveolar macrophages and promoting systemic oxidative stress.

 2. Background: With the increasing popularity of electronic cigarette (EC), “vape” shops have proliferated, where customers can try and purchase ECs, and sample e-liquids of different flavors, all this without knowing whether EC “vaping” is benign or harmful. Recent studies have shown that EC emit substantial amounts of particulate matter (PM), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and nicotine. Levels are likely to be high in vape shops where workers and customers constantly vape EC. However, there are very few studies in the literature focusing on the cardiovascular effects induced by ECs. Thanks to a High Impact Pilot Award project funded by the TRDRP, we have established a mouse model enabling us to study EC effects on heart rate variability (HRV) and determined that hyperacute exposure to EC leads to decreased HRV in normolipidemic freely moving mice. As a co-investigator of other projects funded by the TRDRP as well, we have also found that EC induce similar HRV effects in human subjects but the mechanisms are not understood. With this proposal, we will evaluate the relation between EC effects on HRV and atherosclerosis, and dissect mechanisms responsible for such effects.

 3. Approach or Methods: We will be assessing effects on HRV and atherosclerosis after chronic exposures to EC, and determine the contribution of nicotine in such effects, using the Mouse EC Exposure Resource (MECER) established through the previous Pilot award that allows exposures to atomized EC under cardiac telemetry recording. In addition, we will use novel myeloid-specific Heme Oxygenase 1 (HO-1) knockout mice developed in our laboratory to evaluate the effect of decreased antioxidant defense in macrophages in EC effects on HRV and atherosclerosis. To test whether alveolar macrophages are important mediators in the effects induced by EC, we will perform experiments with alveolar and lung interstitial macrophage chimeras, which will allow a mechanistic understanding on how EC induces vascular effects. All these studies will allow us to gain insights into factors responsible for individual susceptibility to EC-induced CV Toxicity.
Il gusto della modernità
Creators: name: De Feo, Daniele
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2014

description: My dissertation “Il Gusto della Modernità: Aesthetics, Nation and the Language of Food in 19th century Italy,” explores the cohesive pedagogic and nationalistic attempt to define Italian taste during the instability of an unificatory Italy. Initiating with an establishing European taste paradigm (e.g. Feuerbach, Fourier, Brillat-Savarin), my research demonstrates that there is an increasing number of works composed within the developing “Italian” context, which reflects and participates in the construction and the consumption of a national identity (e.g., Rajberti, Mantegazza, Guerrini, Artusi). Conversely, this budding taste genre finds itself in sharp contrast to the economic paucity and social divisiveness endured by a large sector of the populace and depicted by the literature of the day (e.g., Collodi, Verga, Serao).  It is precisely this lack of confluence between that which is scientific and literary that marks this process of taste ennoblement and indoctrination, defining more than ever the nuances that encompass il gusto italiano.
Neoplecostomus botucatu Roxo, Oliveira & Zawadzki 2012
Creators: name: Langeani, Francisco
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Actinopterygii
Siluriformes
Loricariidae
Neoplecostomus
Neoplecostomus botucatu

description: Neoplecostomus botucatu Roxo, Oliveira & Zawadzki (2012).
Paratypes: 1 lot, 6 specimens; DZSJRP 14879, 56.1–79.9 mm SL, córrego Águas de Madalena, tributary to rio Pardo, rio Paranapanema drainage, upper rio Paraná basin, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil, 22°59’25”S, 48°25’37”W, cols. F.F. Roxo, M.F. Pazian, M.N. Mehanna & B.F. Melo, 22 March 2009.
description: Published as part of Langeani, Francisco, 2017, Annotated catalog of the type specimens deposited at the fish collection of the " Universidade Estadual Paulista, Câmpus de São José do Rio Preto ", São Paulo, Brazil (DZSJRP), pp. 435-460 in Zootaxa 4319 (3) on page 451, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4319.3.2, http://zenodo.org/record/890303
Preparation and Analysis of Peanut Flour Used in Oral Immunotherapy Clinical Trials
Creators: name: Burnett, Bruce
name: Berglund, Jelena P.
name: Beavers, Ayeshia
name: Burks, A. Wesley
name: Szczepanski, Nicole
name: Penumarti, Anusha
name: Orgel, Kelly
name: Kesselring, Janelle
name: Kulis, Michael
Publisher: name: Elsevier
Year: 2017

description:
BACKGROUND: Oral immunotherapy (OIT) is an investigational therapeutic approach for the treatment of food allergies. Characterization of the drug product used in oral immunotherapy trials for peanut allergy has not been reported. OBJECTIVE: To quantify relative amounts of the major peanut allergens and microbial load present in peanut flour used in OIT trials and assess whether these parameters change over a 12-month period. We also anticipate that this report will serve as a guide for investigators seeking to conduct OIT trials under Food and Drug Administration-approved Investigational New Drug applications. METHODS: Densitometric scanning of Ara h 1 and Ara h 2 resolved on SDS-PAGE gels was used to assess allergen content in peanut flour extracts. Microbial testing was conducted on peanut flour under US Pharmacopeia guidelines for the presence of Escherichia coli, salmonella, yeast, mold, and total aerobic bacteria. In addition, aflatoxin was quantified in peanut flour. Reported results were obtained from 4 unique lots of peanut flour. RESULTS: Relative amounts of the major peanut allergens were similar between different lots of peanut flour and remained stable over a 12-month period. E coli and salmonella were absent from all lots of flour. Yeast, mold, total aerobic bacteria, and aflatoxin were within established US Pharmacopeia guidelines on all lots tested and remained within the criteria over a 12-month period. CONCLUSIONS: Peanut flour used as a drug product contains the major peanut allergens and has low levels of potentially harmful microbes. Both these parameters remain stable over a 12-month period.
Carpomya Rondani 1856
Creators: name: El-Hawagry, Magdi S.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Tephritidae
Carpomya

description: Genus CARPOMYA Costa
Carpomya Costa, 1854: 87. Type species: Carpomya vesuviana Costa, 1854, monotypy.
Goniglossum Rondani, 1856: 110. Type species: Goniglossum wiedemanni Meigen, 1826, original designation. Carpomyia Rondani 1870b: 22. Type species: Carpomyia vesuviana Costa, 1854, monotypy. Misspelling. Myiopardalis Bezzi, 1910: 8. Type species: Carpomyia pardalina Bigot, 1891, original designation.
description: Published as part of El-Hawagry, Magdi S., 2017, Catalogue of Egyptian Tephritoidea (Diptera: Schizophora: Acalyptratae), pp. 151-190 in Zootaxa 4299 (2) on page 178, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4299.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/843233
Is marijuana the new menthol? Can marijuana use among YBM serve as a hook for nicotine addiction?
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: Black men are at increased risk for tobacco-related diseases and are disproportionately burdened with tobacco-related deaths. Findings from our preliminary studies with young Black men (YBM), indicate that YBM: 1) use marijuana more frequently than other substances, and 2) commonly combine marijuana and tobacco in blunts and spliffs (“mulling”). Young marijuana users are at increased risk for nicotine exposure and addiction related to mulling, and yet many are not cognizant of this risk. To this point, over one-third (34.6%) of YBM in our studies did not consider mulling as tobacco use. Thus, our preliminary study results highlight a high risk for nicotine addiction among YBM that deserves further exploration.
 Building on our current TRDRP-funded work with YBM, the CSULB Center for Health Equity Research (CHER) proposes focus groups, survey research, and saliva sample collection to explore nicotine exposure resulting from the mixture of tobacco and marijuana which typifies certain modalities of marijuana use (“collateral” tobacco/nicotine exposure), and to assess the levels of risk awareness present among marijuana-using YBM. First, we will explore how knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, and perceptions of social norms regarding tobacco/nicotine and cigarette smoking may be associated with the collateral use of tobacco while smoking and vaping marijuana, and how these factors are associated with the user’s level of awareness of tobacco content. We also aim to establish whether YBM marijuana users experience and/or recognize symptoms such as nicotine cravings and, given new forms of nicotine/tobacco and marijuana products, we aim to assess the field-measured cotinine levels associated with various forms of nicotine exposures. We are also interested in establishing how closely self-reported exposures match cotinine levels assessed with saliva samples among YBM. We posit that this study will provide insights for developing nicotine reduction strategies in future interventions among YBM, and potentially other minoritized groups who are differentially targeted by tobacco marketing and disproportionately affected by tobacco-related diseases and associated preventable deaths.
Neoplecostomus corumba Zawadzki, Pavanelli & Langeani 2008
Creators: name: Langeani, Francisco
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Actinopterygii
Siluriformes
Loricariidae
Neoplecostomus
Neoplecostomus corumba

description: Neoplecostomus corumba Zawadzki, Pavanelli & Langeani (2008).
Holotype: DZSJRP 6713, 78.3 mm SL, córrego Gameleira, tributary to rio Corumbá, rio Paranaíba drainage, upper rio Paraná basin, Corumbaíba, Goiás, Brazil, 17°59’S, 48°29’W, cols. Nupélia, 17 September 1996 (Fig. 13).
Paratypes: 1 lots, 5 specimens; DZSJRP 6193, 5, 44.0– 73.8 mm SL, córrego Gameleira, tributary to rio Corumbá, rio Paranaíba drainage, upper rio Paraná basin, Corumbaíba, Goiás, Brazil, 17°59’S, 48°29’W, cols. Nupélia, 1 March 1996.
description: Published as part of Langeani, Francisco, 2017, Annotated catalog of the type specimens deposited at the fish collection of the " Universidade Estadual Paulista, Câmpus de São José do Rio Preto ", São Paulo, Brazil (DZSJRP), pp. 435-460 in Zootaxa 4319 (3) on page 451, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4319.3.2, http://zenodo.org/record/890303
Equatorial paleomagnetic direction and paleointensity studies on lava flows from Galapagos for the Pliocene-Pleistocene
Creators: name: Wang, Huapei
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2014

description: The current geomagnetic field (GMF) of the Earth is mostly geocentric dipolar with  directions on the equatorial regions being horizontal and on the polar regions being  vertical, while the field intensities in polar regions (~60 μT) are about twice as much as  in equatorial regions (~30 μT). Previous time average field initiative (TAFI) studies  suggested that the average directions of the geomagnetic field for the Pliocene-  Pleistocene time period (0-5 Ma) coincide with the geocentric axial dipole (GAD) model  predictions very well. However, both of the average paleointensities from the equatorial  and the polar regions were about 30 μT, which did not agree with the GAD model. In this  dissertation, I study the paleomagnetic directions and paleointensities recorded in the lava  flows from Galapagos Islands, which are around 1° South of the Equator. The  paleomagnetic directions from Galapagos coincide with the GAD model very well. In  order to acquire reliable paleointensities, I develop a comprehensive BZF (back-zeroforth)  experiment protocol along with a multidomain correction technique. The resultant  equatorial paleointensities from Galapagos are much lower than previous estimates,  which suggest a major dipolar component for the GMF in the Pliocene-Pleistocene.
Mirivena Yao, Cai & Ren
Creators: name: Yao, Yunzhi
name: Cai, Wanzhi
name: Ren, Dong
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Miridae
Mirivena

description: Mirivena Yao, Cai & Ren, gen. nov.
Type species. Mirivena robusta Yao, Cai & Ren, sp. nov.
Diagnosis. Body relatively large, elongate-oval, moderately robust; head short, wider than long, anteocular portion longer than postocular; antennae inserted laterally immediately in front of eyes, first segment short, not reaching apex of head; eyes large, prominent, widely separated from anterior margin of pronotum; pronotum more than 2 times as wide as long, without collar; scutellum equilaterally triangular; hemelytron well developed, extending beyond tip of abdomen, clavus large, claval commissure shorter than scutellum length, only two veins on corium, R vein reaching anterior margin of fore wing, cuneus conspicuous, triangular, nearly as long as scutellum; abdomen oval, connexivum visible, second abdominal sternum narrowed, third to eighth sterna subequal in width.
Remarks. The classification and phylogenetic study of the living species of Miridae depend on microscopic features like the structure of pretarsus and genitalia. Based on those features, it is difficult to assign this new genus to any subfamily with complete certainty. Mirivena gen. nov. differs from all living genera in its R vein reaching the anterior margin of the fore wing.
Among all known fossils of Miridae, the new species is the largest. It is closely related to Miridoides Becker-Migdisova 1963 from the Late Jurassic of Kazakhstan, but differs in the following characters: body length 10.9 mm (vs. only 5.1 mm), head 1.4 times as wide as long (vs. 3 times), eyes widely separated from anterior margin of pronotum (vs. eyes contiguous to anterior margin of pronotum), and corium without CuP, R vein reaching anterior margin of fore wing (vs. corium with CuP, R short, straight, not reaching the anterior margin of the fore wing).
Etymology. The generic name is a combination of the Latin mir (“preternatural”) and vena (“vein”).
description: Published as part of Yao, Yunzhi, Cai, Wanzhi & Ren, Dong, 2007, The oldest known fossil plant bug (Hemiptera: Miridae), from Middle Jurassic of Inner Mongolia, China, pp. 37-41 in Zootaxa 1442 on page 38, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.176040
Testing electroacupuncture to block maternal nicotine vaping-induced asthma in offspring
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: We know that tobacco smoke exposure during fetal development predisposes the fetus to develop asthma, which can last an individual’s entire life, and be transmitted to future generations. We now have preliminary evidence that perinatal nicotine exposure significantly also alters the maternal microbiome, which is known to modulate immune responses and chronic conditions such as asthma. Under the unproven assumption of their relative safety, the use of electronic cigarettes by pregnant women has increased markedly. However, there is no information on whether fetal exposure to nicotine via vaping has similar effects to those seen via combustible cigarettes and whether maternal microbiome-associated alterations play any role in perinatal smoke/nicotine exposure-induced asthma. Importantly, other than avoidance of exposure to nicotine products there are no known interventions that prevent/treat perinatal smoke/nicotine-induced lung damage to the exposed offspring. Recent work from our laboratory has provided evidence supporting maternal electro-acupuncture (EA) as a promising, effective, non-pharmacologic intervention against perinatal nicotine exposure-induced lung damage. However, the optimal treatment regimen of EA, stimulation method [EA vs. slow-frequency transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation (TEAS)], and the underlying mechanisms involved have not been well examined. To answer these questions, we hypothesize that perinatal nicotine exposure causes specific alterations in the maternal microbiome, which predispose the developing offspring to asthma, and that maternal EA can block perinatal vaping-induced effects on maternal microbiome and offspring asthma. Using a well-established rat model, we propose to investigate the effectiveness of EA and manipulations of the microbiome on the nicotine-induced predilection of offspring from pregnant rats to develop asthma. The investigative team possesses the skills needed to successfully investigate the proposed issues and have the required techniques. From the proposed work, we might well be able to identify hitherto untested non-pharmacologic intervention, i.e., EA, that can markedly alter the lung development of nicotine/smoke exposed animals during pregnancy and lactation, such that the lung damage is prevented for the rest of the life of the individual.
Research and Advocacy Training in Conventional and Electronic Forms of Tobacco
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: Tobacco use has evolved over time, with decrements in rates of combustible tobacco use, while simultaneously the use of other non-traditional tobacco products, such as e-cigarettes, have been rising. It is imperative to understand why tobacco is used, why use differs across communities, and the associated health impacts of differing use. In order to combat the negative health impacts of commercial tobacco use, we must train the next generation of tobacco researchers, tobacco control experts and anti-tobacco advocates to continue this important work. In order to ensure that the communities most at risk are at the center of these efforts, these next generation advocates and researchers must be drawn from the communities who have been most disproportionately affected by tobacco and inspired to empower their communities for positive change.

 Dr. Kristen Emory at San Diego State University (SDSU) and Dr. Laura Crotty Alexander at the University of California San Diego (UCSD) have partnered with Dr. John Balmes (UC San Francisco), to design a program wherein diverse students will be recruited from TRDRP priority populations and matched with both research and advocacy mentors. These scholars will participate in a year-long curriculum of tobacco history, anti-tobacco advocacy and research education, with participation in tobacco control activities at both the local level, primarily through the American Lung Association (ALA), and at the national level, through ALA and CHEST. Populations disproportionately affected by tobacco are a priority for UCSD, SDSU and UCSF, due to their overlap in racial/ethnic, sexual/gender, and socioeconomic diversity features. Thus, these universities are ideal sites for the novel smoke and vape free scholars initiative (SVFSI).

 The leadership team created for this program has expertise in training, mentoring and advocating for students of all levels. In addition, they are tobacco-related disease researchers and have contributed significantly to the field. This SVFSI program will give students the opportunity to conduct basic, translational, clinical and epidemiological studies in tobacco research, with close mentorship. This program also will provide continued mentorship and career development for SVFSI scholars beyond their tenure in the program, to ensure a positive impact on their careers and contributions to tobacco advocacy.
New Jersey rock set : a pamphlet to accompany a set of nine rocks and six sediments collected in New Jersey
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 1963

description: This set of rocks and sediments (rocks in the making) consists of nine rocks and six sediments collected in New Jersey. This booklet gives the identifying characteristics in the first few lines of each description. At the back of the booklet one page recapitulates the first line of each rock description and provides a quick reference if we doubt our identification.