cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Studying the Complex Relationships Between Physical Activity and Infertility
Creators: name: Evenson, K.R.
name: Hesketh, K.R.
Publisher: name: SAGE Publications Inc.
Year: 2016

description: This article provides commentary on the accompanying review, “Modifiable Risk Factors and Infertility: What Are the Connections?” by Rossi and colleagues. This commentary focuses specifically on the association between physical activity or exercise and infertility, given the equivocal evidence summarized in the review by Rossi and colleagues. Several methodologic issues related to physical activity and infertility are discussed, including defining the components of physical activity that research studies assess in research studies (eg, type, intensity, frequency, duration), considering the optimal way to measure physical activity, and investigating important effect modifiers, including age and body mass index. Researchers should also consider sedentary behavior as another potentially important, unexplored, modifiable behavior that may be associated with infertility. Given that unexplained infertility remains of widespread global concern, identifying modifiable risk factors and how much influence they have on infertility remains an important area for research.
Prevalence of U.S. Pregnant Women Meeting 2015 ACOG Physical Activity Guidelines
Creators: name: Hesketh, K.R.
name: Evenson, K.R.
Publisher: name: Elsevier Inc.
Year: 2016

description: Introduction In December 2015, the American College of Obstetrics and Gynecology (ACOG) published updated physical activity (PA) guidelines for pregnant women, recommending women with uncomplicated pregnancies engage in Z20–30 minutes/day of exercise on most days/week. Previous guidelines advocated Z30 minutes/day of exercise on most days/week; updated recommendations represent a more obtainable PA target during pregnancy. Although previous estimates indicated that few women in the U.S. accrued sufficient PA during pregnancy, it is important to determine how many women meet new recommendations. This paper describes the prevalence of pregnant women meeting the 2015 ACOG PA guidelines.
Additional file 2 of Constitutive overexpression of GsIMaT2 gene from wild soybean enhances rhizobia interaction and increase nodulation in soybean (Glycine max)
Creators: name: Darwish, Doaa Bahaa Eldin
name: Ali, Mohammed
name: Abdelkawy, Aisha M.
name: Zayed, Muhammad
name: Alatawy, Marfat
name: Nagah, Aziza
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 2: Fig. S2. Multiple sequence alignment. The deduced amino acid sequence of GsIMaT2 was aligned with homologue GmIMaT2 identified from the BLASTP analysis. GsIMaT2 (UTK46214.1): isoflavone-7-O-beta-glucoside 6″-O-malonyltransferase proteins from G. soja; GmIMaT2 (XP_003552518.1): isoflavone-7-O-beta-glucoside 6″-O-malonyltransferase proteins from G. max. GsIMaT2 has two amino acid differences from GmIMaT2 at Q75L and D192Y. Q, L, D and Y represent the abbreviation of amino acid, while 75 and 192 represent the position of amino acid in the protein sequence. For multiple sequence alignment analyses we used CLUSTALW ( https://www.genome.jp/tools-bin/clustalw ).
Additional file 3 of Constitutive overexpression of GsIMaT2 gene from wild soybean enhances rhizobia interaction and increase nodulation in soybean (Glycine max)
Creators: name: Darwish, Doaa Bahaa Eldin
name: Ali, Mohammed
name: Abdelkawy, Aisha M.
name: Zayed, Muhammad
name: Alatawy, Marfat
name: Nagah, Aziza
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 3: Fig. S3. Comparing the sequence and secondary structure of the deduced amino acid sequence of isoflavone-7-O-beta-glucoside 6″-O-malonyltransferase GsIMaT2 (I1N4C1) with its authentic homologous from the cultivated soybean GmIMaT2 (A0A445FY23) as retrieved from a BLASTP search. The GsIMaT2 has two amino acid different from GmIMaT2 at Q75L and D192Y. The proteins secondary structures were deduced via alphafold (Jumper et al., 2021) and plotted on the alignment through ESPript 3.0 (Robert and Gouet, 2014).
Physical Activity Levels in U.S. Latino/Hispanic Adults: Results from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos
Creators: name: Arredondo, E.M.
name: Davis, S.M.
name: Sotres-Alvarez, D.
name: Evenson, K.R.
name: Crespo, N.C.
name: Perez, L.G.
name: Castañeda, S.F.
name: Stoutenberg, M.
name: Carnethon, M.R.
name: Daviglus, M.L.
name: Espinoza, R.A.
name: Isasi, C.R.
Publisher: name: Elsevier Inc.
Year: 2016

description: Introduction Physical activity (PA) prevalence among U.S. Latino/Hispanic adults of diverse backgrounds is not well known. This study describes PA among a representative sample of U.S. Latino/Hispanic adults. Methods A population-based cohort of Hispanic/Latino adults (aged 18-74 years) participating in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos from March 2008 to June 2011 (N=16,415) was recruited in four urban areas from Miami, the Bronx, Chicago, and San Diego. Participants wore an Actical hip accelerometer for 1 week (n=12,253) and completed the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (n=15,741). Data were analyzed in 2015. Results Based on accelerometry, Hispanics/Latinos engaged in 23.8 minutes/day (10.3 minutes/day when only considering minutes from sustained 10-minute bouts) of moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA). Individuals of Puerto Rican and Dominican background had the most minutes/day of MVPA (32.1 and 29.1, respectively), whereas those of Cuban background had the fewest (15.3). Based on the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire, 65% of Hispanic/Latinos met the aerobic component of 2008 Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans. Men and individuals of Puerto Rican background had the most minutes/day of leisure-time MVPA (30.3 and 30.2, respectively). Individuals of Puerto Rican and Dominican background had the most minutes/day of transportation-related PA (48.7 and 39.7, respectively). Individuals of Mexican and Central American background had the most minutes/day of work-related MVPA (90.7 and 93.2, respectively). Conclusions Among Hispanics/Latinos, self-reported data provided information on the type of PA and helped explain variability identified from accelerometer-assessed PA. These findings highlight variability in PA among Hispanics from diverse ethnic backgrounds.
All timelike supersymmetric solutions of three-dimensional half-maximal supergravity
Creators: name: Deger, Nihat Sadik
name: Moutsopoulos, George
name: Samtleben, Henning
name: Sarioglu, Ozgur
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We first classify all supersymmetric solutions of the 3-dimensional half-maximal ungauged supergravity that possess a timelike Killing vector coming from the Killing spinor bilinear by considering their identification under the complexification of the local symmetry of the theory. It is found that only solutions that preserve $16/2^n, 1 \leq n \leq 3$ real supersymmetries are allowed. We then classify supersymmetric solutions under the real local symmetry of the theory and we are able to solve the equations of motion for all of them. It is shown that all such solutions can be expressed as a direct sum of solutions of the integrable Liouville and SU(3) Toda systems. This completes the construction of all supersymmetric solutions of the model since the null case has already been solved.
description: 38 pages + appendices, v2:published version, some clarifications
title: Enhancing the standing of VET in Switzerland
Creators: name: Stalder, Barbara E.
name: Lüthi, Fabienne
Publisher: name: Springer
Year: 2022

description: This chapter draws on the contributions of the reviews and country-based studies in this volume to identify the bases for and ways in which the standing of vocational education (VET) and the occupations it serves can be enhanced so it is positioned as a more worthwhile, viable and legitimate post-school pathway. Acknowledging that the likely responses will be shaped by the educational systems in nation states and regions, where and how VET is positioned within them and the kinds and range of influences shaping young people and their parent and familiars’ decision-making about VET. Across these countries, both with developed and developing economic bases, it would seem that high aspirations and, increasingly, expectations of young people and their parents and other familiars is quite consistently positioning VET as being an inferior postschool option to participation in higher education (HE) and one that is seen as being posterior to it in terms of status, attractiveness and educational outcomes. Addressing and rebutting such strong societal sentiments about the forms of work and an educational provision that are seen as undesirable will likely require addressing these circumstances locally and regionally. As VET is strongly aligned with occupations, making it more interesting, engaging and attractive to young people is also closely linked with the standing of occupations. So, there is a need to find ways to redress the concerns within the community and address the factors which limit the ability of VET to deliver its full potential to students, communities and nations. So, in sum, this chapter sets out this case drawing upon the collective contributions in this volume and a wider range of literature that addresses these challenges.
Applying latent class assignments for accelerometry data to external populations: Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2003–2006
Creators: name: Wen, F.
name: Evenson, K.R.
name: Herring, A.H.
name: Howard, A.G.
Publisher: name: Elsevier Inc.
Year: 2016

description: Latent class analysis can identify unmeasured mutually exclusive categories (class membership) among participants for either observed categorical or continuous variables. More recently, latent class analysis has been applied to accelerometry to better understand the day-to-day patterns of physical activity and sedentary behavior. Typically, the class assignments are only relevant to the study for which they were derived and not made available for others to use. Using one-week accelerometry (ActiGraph #AM7164) data collected from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey during 2003–2006, latent classes of physical activity and sedentary behavior were derived separately for youths 6–17 years and adults >=18 years. The purpose of this article is to provide the latent class assignments developed on this source population (United States) available to others to apply to their studies using similarly collected accelerometry. This method will extend the usefulness of the latent class analysis and allow for comparisons across studies.
Additional file 4 of Constitutive overexpression of GsIMaT2 gene from wild soybean enhances rhizobia interaction and increase nodulation in soybean (Glycine max)
Creators: name: Darwish, Doaa Bahaa Eldin
name: Ali, Mohammed
name: Abdelkawy, Aisha M.
name: Zayed, Muhammad
name: Alatawy, Marfat
name: Nagah, Aziza
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 4: Fig. S4. Putative tissue-specific expression and subcellular localisations of GsIMaT2 gene based on soybean tissues and Arabidopsis protein localization at different cell organs. (A and B) Soybean tissue-specific expression was built using public RNA-Seq Atlas of soybean from twenty eight soybean tissues after inoculation and fertilization using ( http://bar.utoronto.ca/eplant_soybean/ ). (C) Cell sub-cellular localizations profile images were built using Cell Electronic Fluorescent Pictograph Browsers (Cell eFP browsers. The blue arrow points the expression scale (the more intense red color, the more gene expression), http://bar.utoronto.ca/cell_efp/cgi-bin/cell_efp.cgi .
Alternating magnetic anisotropy of Li$_2$(Li$_{1-x}T_x$)N with $T$ = Mn, Fe, Co, and Ni
Creators: name: Jesche, A.
name: Ke, L.
name: Jacobs, J. L.
name: Harmon, B.
name: Houk, R. S.
name: Canfield, P. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Substantial amounts of the transition metals Mn, Fe, Co, and Ni can be substituted for Li in single crystalline Li$_2$(Li$_{1-x}T_x$)N. Isothermal and temperature-dependent magnetization measurements reveal local magnetic moments with magnitudes significantly exceeding the spin-only value. The additional contributions stem from unquenched orbital moments that lead to rare-earth-like behavior of the magnetic properties. Accordingly, extremely large magnetic anisotropies have been found. Most notably, the magnetic anisotropy alternates as easy-plane $\rightarrow$ easy-axis $\rightarrow$ easy-plane $\rightarrow$ easy-axis when progressing from $T$ = Mn $\rightarrow$ Fe $\rightarrow$ Co $\rightarrow$ Ni. This behavior can be understood based on a perturbation approach in an analytical, single-ion model. The calculated magnetic anisotropies show a surprisingly good agreement with the experiment and capture the basic features observed for the different transition metals.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, published as PRB Rapid Communication, Fig. 3 updated
Promoting physical activity among native american youth: A systematic review of the methodology and current evidence of physical activity interventions and community-wide initiatives
Creators: name: Camplain, R.
name: Fleischhacker, S.
name: Gittelsohn, J.
name: Evenson, K.R.
name: Roberts, E.
Publisher: name: Springer International Publishing
Year: 2016

description: Promoting physical activity using environmental, policy, and systems approaches could potentially address persistent health disparities faced by American Indian and Alaska Native children and adolescents. To address research gaps and help inform tribally led community changes that promote physical activity, this review examined the methodology and current evidence of physical activity interventions and community-wide initiatives among Native youth. A keyword-guided search was conducted in multiple databases to identify peer-reviewed research articles that reported on physical activity among Native youth. Ultimately, 20 unique interventions (described in 76 articles) and 13 unique community-wide initiatives (described in 16 articles) met the study criteria. Four interventions noted positive changes in knowledge and attitude relating to physical activity but none of the interventions examined reported statistically significant improvements on weight-related outcomes. Only six interventions reported implementing environmental, policy, and system approaches relating to promoting physical activity and generally only shared anecdotal information about the approaches tried. Using community-based participatory research or tribally driven research models strengthened the tribal-research partnerships and improved the cultural and contextual sensitivity of the intervention or community-wide initiative. Few interventions or community-wide initiatives examined multi-level, multi-sector interventions to promote physical activity among Native youth, families, and communities. More research is needed to measure and monitor physical activity within this understudied, high risk group. Future research could also focus on the unique authority and opportunity of tribal leaders and other key stakeholders to use environmental, policy, and systems approaches to raise a healthier generation of Native youth.
Agreement between athlete-recalled and clinically documented concussion histories in former collegiate athletes
Creators: name: Kerr, Z.Y.
name: Guskiewicz, K.M.
name: Evenson, K.R.
name: Mihalik, J.P.
name: Rosamond, W.D.
name: Marshall, S.W.
Publisher: name: SAGE Publications Inc.
Year: 2015

description: Background: Athlete-recalled and clinically documented concussion histories have been used in research on former athletes, but both have limitations. Comparisons of these 2 types of concussion histories are needed to improve the accuracy of estimates of concussion history for future research and clinical care. Purpose: To estimate the agreement between athlete-recalled and clinically documented concussion histories during college and to explore reasons for differences. Study: Cohort study (diagnosis); Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Athlete-recalled concussion histories were provided by a convenience sample of 130 former collegiate athletes using an online questionnaire, and they were individually linked to previously collected clinical data that tracked medically diagnosed concussions at the host institution from 1996 to 2012. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC2,1) was used to assess agreement between athlete-recalled and clinically documented concussion histories. Descriptive analyses were performed to assess reasons for disagreement. Results: Agreement between athlete-recalled and clinically documented concussion histories was low (ICC2,1 = 0.21; 95% confidence interval, 0.05-0.37), but it was higher for women (ICC2,1 = 0.65; 95% confidence interval, 0.44-0.79) and for athletes playing more recently (2005-2012; ICC2,1 = 0.39; 95% confidence interval, 0.01-0.67). Of the 53 athletes who self-reported college sportsrelated concussions, 40% believed that they sustained impacts that should have been diagnosed as concussions but were undetected, and 21% admitted nondisclosure of suspected concussions. Common reasons for nondisclosure included the following: did not think injury was serious enough (91%), did not know it was a concussion (73%), and did not want to leave the game/practice (73%). Conclusion: Given the low agreement between athlete-recalled and clinically documented concussion histories, methodologic research is needed to improve the quality of tools used to assess concussion histories in former athletes. © 2014 The Author(s).
title: The duality of the corporate parenting role : a delicate balancing act
Creators: name: Moodie, Kristina
name: Nolan, Debbie
Publisher: name: Strathprints - University of Strathclyde
Year: 2017

description: This piece discusses the complexity of responding to incidents of offending behaviour in children's residential provision and the duality of roles experienced by our frontline corporate parents and residential childcare workers, in doing so. It draws on the findings of research into the decision making of such staff in responding to offending behaviour, as detailed in the report Between a Rock and a Hard Place, Moodie & Nolan, 2016. This research addressed knowledge gaps about offending in residential childcare in Scotland. More critically, it helped to illuminate and better understand the decision-making process by giving voice to practitioners' experience about what it is like to have to make that often split second decision of how to react to offending behaviour. What we found was that there were multiple, often irreconcilable, factors influencing decision-making and tensions involved, which have been differentiated below.
Additional file 5 of Constitutive overexpression of GsIMaT2 gene from wild soybean enhances rhizobia interaction and increase nodulation in soybean (Glycine max)
Creators: name: Darwish, Doaa Bahaa Eldin
name: Ali, Mohammed
name: Abdelkawy, Aisha M.
name: Zayed, Muhammad
name: Alatawy, Marfat
name: Nagah, Aziza
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 5: Table S1. List of Glycine max genes involved in strigolactone biosynthesis and nodulation signaling pathway way and primer pairs used for qRT-PCR.
The Pathological Interpretation of Catharsis
Creators: name: Vöhler, Martin
Publisher: name: Skenè. Journal of Theatre and Drama Studies
Year: 2016

description: When Aristotle characterized the effect of tragedy as catharsis (“purification”) of the tragic emotions (“fear and pity”), he set off a discussion which is still ongoing. This essay deals with the transformations of catharsis and the break with tradition which occurred when Jacob Bernays in a philological treatise (1857) rejected the traditional moral concept of catharsis. In its place Bernays put forward “solicitation”, i.e. the deliberate excitation and discharge of emotions. The process of catharsis was thus medically interpreted and labelled pathological. This study focuses on Bernays’ achievements in redefining the term and the resulting dissolution of its boundaries; no longer limited to the classical fields of poetics and ethics, religion and politics, catharsis is relevant to medicine, psychology, aesthetics and cultural theory.
description: Skenè. Journal of Theatre and Drama Studies, Vol 2 No 1 (2016): Catharsis, Ancient and Modern
External Validity to Teamwork and Leadership Behavior in Academic Labs
Creators: name: Varela, Otmar
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Human Resources Management
subject: Education
subject: Business Administration, Management, and Operations
subject: Educational Leadership
subject: Business
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences

description: The study tests the external validity of leadership and teamwork data collected in lab studies. The study also examines how the cultural setting of the study moderates the external validity of research,
title: AlGaAs-on-insulator waveguides for integrated nonlinear photonics
Creators: name: May, Stuart James
Publisher: name: University of Glasgow
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: AlGaAs-OI, AlGaAs-on-insulator, waveguides, nonlinear optics, photonics, supercontinuum generation, second harmonic generation.

description: AlGaAs-on-insulator (AlGaAs-OI) is a new and promising material platform for integrated nonlinear photonics. In this work a new and robust fabrication process was developed at the University of Glasgow for low loss, high confinement AlGaAs-OI waveguides. By judiciously designing the waveguide geometry, phase-matching and dispersion engineering are demonstrated in these waveguides for second harmonic generation and supercontinuum generation, respectively. Using these designs, second harmonic generation is demonstrated for the first time in an AlGaAs-OI waveguide at telecommunication wavelengths, with a maximum internal normalised efficiency of 1202±55%W-1cm-2 achieved for a 100fs pulsed excitation wavelength at 1560nm. Supercontinua spanning 0.5 octaves (-30dB level) are also demonstrated, exhibiting a plethora of nonlinearities and propagation losses as low as 1.5dB/cm at telecommunication wavelengths. These results are of particular importance for enabling new chip-scale devices for sensing, metrology and quantum optics.
Performance of the ActiGraph accelerometer using a national population-based sample of youth and adults
Creators: name: Evenson, K.R.
name: Wen, F.
Publisher: name: BioMed Central Ltd.
Year: 2015

description: Background: Accelerometer output may be semi-continuous or continuous in nature, which has implications on discerning non-wear and defining physical activity intensity levels. This study described field-based accelerometer performance from a surveillance sample of youth and adults. Methods: Using 2003-2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data, 4,028 youth ages 6 to 17 years and 7,931 adults age > =18 years wore an ActiGraph AM7164 accelerometer for one week, providing at least 3 days of wear for > =8 hours/day. Accelerometer performance was assessed by exploring the number of different values of accelerometer counts/minute for each participant. Results: On average, youth participants had 1381 different counts/minute over 7 days (median 1360, interquartile range 1127-1623) and adult participants had 1101 different counts/minute over 7 days (median 1085, interquartile range 874-1313). For both youth and adults, when restricting to counts/minute between 0 to 4999, every possible value (in counts/minute) occurred at least once. Conclusion: The field-based data confirmed that the accelerometer used in this study allowed for continuous counts/minute through which all but the most vigorous activities would usually occur.
Self-reported and accelerometer-measured physical activity by body mass index in US Hispanic/Latino adults: HCHS/SOL
Creators: name: Palta, P.
name: Sotres-Alvarez, D.
name: Carnethon, M.
name: Talavera, G.A.
name: Gouskova, N.A.
name: McMurray, R.G.
name: Evenson, K.R.
name: Davis, S.M.
name: Gellman, M.D.
name: Castañeda, S.F.
name: Schneiderman, N.
name: Isasi, C.R.
name: Hankinson, A.L.
Publisher: name: Elsevier Inc.
Year: 2015

description: The association between obesity and physical activity has not been widely examined in an ethnically diverse sample of Hispanic/Latino adults in the US. A cross-sectional analysis of 16,094 Hispanic/Latino adults 18-74. years was conducted from the multi-site Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL). Body mass index (BMI) was measured and categorized into normal, overweight, and obese; underweight participants were excluded from analyses. Physical activity was measured using the 16-item Global Physical Activity Questionnaire and by an Actical accelerometer. Minutes/day of physical activity and prevalence of engaging in ≥. 150 moderate-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) minutes/week were estimated by BMI group and sex adjusting for covariates. No adjusted differences were observed in self-reported moderate (MPA), vigorous (VPA), or MVPA across BMI groups. Accelerometry-measured MPA, VPA, and MVPA were significantly higher for the normal weight (females: 18.9, 3.8, 22.6. min/day; males: 28.2, 6.1, 34.3. min/day, respectively) compared to the obese group (females: 15.3, 1.5, 16.8. min/day; males: 23.5, 3.6, 27.1. min/day, respectively). The prevalence of engaging in ≥. 150. MVPA minutes/week using accelerometers was lower compared to the self-reported measures. Efforts are needed to reach the Hispanic/Latino population to increase opportunities for an active lifestyle that could reduce obesity in this population at high risk for metabolic disorders.
Evaluation of cold water immersion and contrast water therapy for recovery with well-trained team sport athletes: Rugby Union
Creators: name: Higgins, Trevor
Publisher: name: Australian Catholic University
Year: 2015

description: "In most team sports, a cycle of training, competition, and recovery repeatedly occurs over each week of a competitive season. For athletic performance to be maintained through a season, an optimal balance between training and recovery is required. To facilitate the recovery process after competition games and training, hydrotherapy has been adopted by a number of sporting teams. Methods: In the present thesis a review of literature was undertaken to identify the most commonly investigated methods of recovery in professional sport. Pilot studies were then conducted across periods of four weeks. The review of literature highlighted the need for research into recovery to examine beyond the acute phase. To address the need to examine recovery beyond the acute phase the major study evaluated three related questions: Firstly, the effectiveness of hydrotherapy for recovery in the first 48h after a simulated game: Secondly, the effectiveness of hydrotherapy for recovery across a cyclic week, including a simulated game and three training sessions: Thirdly; the effectiveness of hydrotherapy for recovery as measured across performance in two simulated Rugby Union games. A simulated game of Rugby Union previously used in evaluating factors affecting performance in Rugby Union was adopted as the key physiological stressor: Finally, to accommodate and compare the studies within this thesis with the increasing volume of published literature evaluating hydrotherapy for recovery in team sport, a systematic review with meta-analysis was carried out. Male Rugby Union players (n=24) were recruited to participate in this research. Participants were randomly assigned to one of three groups. A cold water immersion (CWI) group underwent two cycles of 5 minutes at 10oC, a contrast water therapy (CWT) group underwent 5 cycles (1 minute alternating immersions at 10oC/40oC) and a control group underwent passive recovery, which involved being seated for 15 minutes. Within group and between group analyses were conducted using an ANOVA model with baseline scores as covariates for each of the three research questions. Post hoc analysis was conducted manually, with each time point as the covariate and analysed individually against each time point. Effect sizes were calculated as partial eta2 (ηp2) (omnibus) and Cohen‟s d (univariate)."
On the efficiency of heat engines at the micro-scale and below
Creators: name: Muratore-Ginanneschi, Paolo
name: Schwieger, Kay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the thermodynamic efficiency of sub-micro-scale heat engines operating under the conditions described by over-damped stochastic thermodynamics. We prove that at maximum power the efficiency obeys for constant isotropic mobility the universal law $η=2\,η_{C}/(4-η_{C})$ where $η_{C}$ is the efficiency of an ideal Carnot cycle. The corresponding power optimizing protocol is specified by the solution of an optimal mass transport problem. Such solution can be determined explicitly using well known Monge--Ampère--Kantorovich reconstruction algorithms. Furthermore, we show that the same law describes the efficiency of heat engines operating at maximum work over short time periods. Finally, we illustrate the straightforward extension of these results to cases when the mobility is anisotropic and temperature dependent.
description: 5 pages; revised version including the derivation of the efficiency and of the corresponding optimal protocols in the presence of anisotropic temperature dependent mobility
title: Differential effects of prediction error and adaptation along the auditory cortical hierarchy during deviance processing
Creators: name: Schloßmacher, Insa
name: Dilly, Jacky
name: Protmann, Ina
name: Hofmann, David
name: Dellert, Torge
name: Roth-Paysen, Marie-Luise
name: Moeck, Robert
name: Bruchmann, Maximilian
name: Straube, Thomas
Publisher: name: University of Muenster, Institutional Repository MIAMI
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 610 Medicine and health

description: Neural mismatch responses have been proposed to rely on different mechanisms, including prediction error-related activity and adaptation to frequent stimuli. However, the hierarchical cortical structure of these mechanisms is unknown. To investigate this question, we recorded hemodynamic responses while participants (N = 54) listened to an auditory oddball sequence as well as a suited control condition. In addition to effects in sensory processing areas (Heschl's gyrus, superior temporal gyrus (STG)), we found several distinct clusters that indexed deviance processing in frontal and parietal regions (anterior cingulate cortex/supplementary motor area (ACC/SMA), inferior parietal lobule (IPL), anterior insula (AI), inferior frontal junction (IFJ)). Comparing responses to the control stimulus with the deviant and standard enabled us to delineate the contributions of prediction error- or adaptation-related brain activation, respectively. We observed significant effects of adaptation in Heschl's gyrus, STG and ACC/SMA, while prediction error-related activity was observed in STG, IPL, AI and IFJ. Additional dynamic causal modeling confirmed the superiority of a hierarchical processing structure compared to a flat structure. Thus, we found that while prediction-error related processes increased with the hierarchical level of the brain area, adaptation declined. This suggests that the relative contribution of different mechanisms in deviance processing varies across the cortical hierarchy.
description: Finanziert durch den Open-Access-Publikationsfonds der Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität Münster (WWU Münster).
Additional file 2 of Validating and automating learning of cardiometabolic polygenic risk scores from direct-to-consumer genetic and phenotypic data: implications for scaling precision health research
Creators: name: Lopez-Pineda, Arturo
name: Vernekar, Manvi
name: Moreno-Grau, Sonia
name: Rojas-Muñoz, Agustin
name: Moatamed, Babak
name: Lee, Ming Ta Michael
name: Nava-Aguilar, Marco A.
name: Gonzalez-Arroyo, Gilberto
name: Numakura, Kensuke
name: Matsuda, Yuta
name: Ioannidis, Alexander
name: Katsanis, Nicholas
name: Takano, Tomohiro
name: Bustamante, Carlos D.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2. Number of variants and Genotyping Call Rate.
Calibrating physical activity intensity for hip-worn accelerometry in women age 60 to 91 years: The Women's Health Initiative OPACH Calibration Study
Creators: name: Buchner, D.M.
name: LaMonte, M.J.
name: Tinker, L.F.
name: Lee, I.-M.
name: Herring, A.H.
name: LaCroix, A.Z.
name: Di, C.
name: Rillamas-Sun, E.
name: Wen, F.
name: Evenson, K.R.
Publisher: name: Elsevier Inc.
Year: 2015

description: Objective: We conducted a laboratory-based calibration study to determine relevant cutpoints for a hip-worn accelerometer among women ≥. 60. years, considering both type and filtering of counts. Methods: Two hundred women wore an ActiGraph GT3X. + accelerometer on their hip while performing eight laboratory-based activities. Oxygen uptake was measured using an Oxycon portable calorimeter. Accelerometer data were analyzed in 15-second epochs for both normal and low frequency extension (LFE) filters. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses were used to calculate cutpoints for sedentary, light (low and high), and moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) using the vertical axis and vector magnitude (VM) counts. Results: Mean age was 75.5. years (standard deviation 7.7). The Spearman correlation between oxygen uptake and accelerometry ranged from 0.77 to 0.85 for the normal and LFE filters and for both the vertical axis and VM. The area under the ROC curve was generally higher for VM compared to the vertical axis, and higher for cutpoints distinguishing MVPA compared to sedentary and light low activities. The VM better discriminated sedentary from light low activities compared to the vertical axis. The area under the ROC curves were better for the LFE filter compared to the normal filter for the vertical axis counts, but no meaningful differences were found by filter type for VM counts. Conclusion: The cutpoints derived for this study among women ≥. 60. years can be applied to ongoing epidemiologic studies to define a range of physical activity intensities.
Accelerometer-measured sedentary time among Hispanic adults: Results from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL)
Creators: name: McMurray, R.G.
name: Stoutenberg, M.
name: Evenson, K.R.
name: Talavera, G.A.
name: Chambers, E.C.
name: Marshall, S.J.
name: Merchant, G.
name: Hankinson, A.L.
name: Buelna, C.
name: Castañeda, S.F.
name: Strizich, G.
name: Arredondo, E.M.
name: Sotres-Alvarez, D.
Publisher: name: Elsevier Inc.
Year: 2015

description: Excessive sedentary behavior is associated with negative health outcomes independent of physical activity. Objective estimates of time spent in sedentary behaviors are lacking among adults from diverse Hispanic/Latino backgrounds. The objective of this study was to describe accelerometer-assessed sedentary time in a large, representative sample of Hispanic/Latino adults living in the United States, and compare sedentary estimates by Hispanic/Latino background, sociodemographic characteristics and weight categories. This study utilized baseline data from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL) that included adults aged 18-74. years from four metropolitan areas (N. =. 16,415). Measured with the Actical accelerometer over 6. days, 76.9% (n. =. 12,631) of participants had >10. h/day and >3. days of data. Participants spent 11.9. h/day (SD 3.0), or 74% of their monitored time in sedentary behaviors. Adjusting for differences in wear time, adults of Mexican background were the least (11.6. h/day), whereas adults of Dominican background were the most (12.3. h/day), sedentary. Women were more sedentary than men, and older adults were more sedentary than younger adults. Household income was positively associated, whereas employment was negatively associated, with sedentary time. There were no differences in sedentary time by weight categories, marital status, or proxies of acculturation. To reduce sedentariness among these populations, future research should examine how the accumulation of various sedentary behaviors differs by background and region, and which sedentary behaviors are amenable to intervention.
Forward $J/ψ$ production in proton-nucleus collisions at high energy
Creators: name: Ducloué, B.
name: Lappi, T.
name: Mäntysaari, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Inclusive production of $J/ψ$ mesons, especially at forward rapidities, is an important probe of small-x gluons in protons and nuclei. In this paper we re-evaluate the production cross sections in the Color Glass Condensate framework, where the process is described by a large x gluon from the probe splitting into a quark pair and eikonally interacting with the target proton or nucleus. Using a standard collinear gluon distribution for the probe and an up to date dipole cross section fitted to HERA data to describe the target we achieve a rather good description of the cross section in proton-proton collisions, although with a rather large normalization uncertainty. More importantly, we show that generalizing the dipole cross section to nuclei in the Glauber approach results in a nuclear suppression of $J/ψ$ production that is much closer to the experimental data than claimed in previous literature.
description: 8 pages, 10 figures, RevTeX. V2: small clarifications, 1 added figure, published in PRD
Examination of community and consumer nutrition, tobacco and physical activity environments at food and tobacco retail stores in three diverse North Carolina communities
Creators: name: Myers, A.E.
name: D'Angelo, H.
name: Fleischhacker, S.
name: Ribisl, K.M.
name: Evenson, K.R.
name: Rose, S.W.
Publisher: name: Elsevier Inc.
Year: 2015

description: To advance our understanding of multiple health-related dimensions of the built environment, this study examined associations among nutrition, tobacco, and physical activity community and consumer environments. Community environment measures included supermarket access, tobacco outlet density, and physical activity resource density in store neighborhoods. Cross-sectional observations of the nutrition, tobacco and physical activity environments were conducted in 2011 at and around 303 food stores that sold tobacco products in three North Carolina counties. Pearson correlation coefficients and multiple linear regression were used to examine associations between community and consumer environments. Correlations between community nutrition, tobacco, and physical activity environments ranged from slight to fair (-. 0.35 to 0.20) and from poor to fair (-. 0.01 to -. 0.38) between consumer environments. Significant relationships between consumer tobacco and nutrition environments were found after controlling for store and neighborhood characteristics. For example, stores with higher amounts of interior tobacco marketing had higher healthy food availability (p. =. 0.001), while stores with higher amounts of exterior tobacco marketing had lower healthy food availability (p. =. 0.02). Community and consumer environments for nutrition, tobacco, and physical activity were interrelated. Measures that assess single aspects of community or consumer environments could miss characteristics that may influence customer purchasing. Even chain supermarkets, typically regarded as healthful food sources compared to smaller food stores, may expose customers to tobacco marketing inside. Future research could explore combining efforts to reduce obesity and tobacco use by addressing tobacco marketing, healthy food availability and physical activity opportunities at retail food outlets.
Additional file 4 of Validating and automating learning of cardiometabolic polygenic risk scores from direct-to-consumer genetic and phenotypic data: implications for scaling precision health research
Creators: name: Lopez-Pineda, Arturo
name: Vernekar, Manvi
name: Moreno-Grau, Sonia
name: Rojas-Muñoz, Agustin
name: Moatamed, Babak
name: Lee, Ming Ta Michael
name: Nava-Aguilar, Marco A.
name: Gonzalez-Arroyo, Gilberto
name: Numakura, Kensuke
name: Matsuda, Yuta
name: Ioannidis, Alexander
name: Katsanis, Nicholas
name: Takano, Tomohiro
name: Bustamante, Carlos D.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 4. Predictive performance results by model.
Supplementary document for Why Cavity Soliton Based Microscope is Still Far from Reality? - 6129781.pdf
Creators: name: nagi, Jaspreet
name: Jana, Soumendu
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 20503 Nonlinear Optics and Spectroscopy
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Supporting figures.
Investigation of the Functional Roles of Calcium Channels, Inflammatory Cytokines and Tumour Micro-Environmental Factors in a Human In Vitro Model of Breast Cancer Calcification
Creators: name: O'Grady, Shane
Publisher: name: Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland
Year: 2019
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Microcalcifications are frequently the sole mammographic indicator of breast cancer with several studies suggesting that their presence may also be indicative of increased tumour grade, HER2 overexpression and poor prognosis. Despite their widespread diagnostic usage, the mechanism by which microcalcifications form and their contribution to tumour progression remain poorly understood. Previously, our lab established an in vitro model using a murine cell line. In order to advance our understanding of these vital diagnostic markers, we have expanded these findings and developed a human in vitro model of microcalcification formation. Following extensive testing of a panel of human breast cancer cell lines, the MDAMB-231 and SKBR3 cell lines were identified as suitable for our studies. Positive mineralisation was observed in one out of three tested HER2+ cell lines, indicating HER2 overexpression by itself is insufficient to induce in vivo mineralisation. Formation of calcifications was accompanied by increased expression of the osteogenic markers RUNX2, BMP2, and ALP. Inhibition of the cation channel TRPM7 resulted in a dose-dependent decrease in calcium deposition, implicating a functional role for the channel. Calcification was also inhibited by the intracellular Ca2+ chelator BAPTA-AM and by Mg2+ . The role of other calcium handling proteins including PMCA1 and PMCA2 was also investigated. Finally, we investigated possible links between microcalcification and pro-tumourigenic effects. Culturing breast cancer cells in mineralisation media increased formation of tumourspheres, indicating an increase in cancer stem-cell properties. We also observed an increased IL-1β, IL-6 and COX2 in both breast cancer cells and associated macrophages following stimulation with hydroxyapatite. Inflammatory cytokines were also observed to modulate in vitro mineralisation, suggesting a complex interplay between the formation and release of calcified particles and their subsequent interaction with surrounding tumour cells. The results of this thesis reaffirms and expands on our labs previous findings, that breast cancer cell lines can be utilised as effective in vitro model for tumour calcification and that formation of these calcifications is the result of an active, cellmediated process, involving interaction between mineralisation associated proteins including BMP2 and ALP, as well as Ca2+ channels and tumour associated cytokines.
Fourier spectra from exoplanets with polar caps and ocean glint
Creators: name: Visser, P. M.
name: van de Bult, F. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The weak orbital-phase dependent reflection signal of an exoplanet contains information on the planet surface, such as the distribution of continents and oceans on terrestrial planets. This light curve is usually studied in the time domain, but because the signal from a stationary surface is (quasi)periodic, analysis of the Fourier series may provide an alternative, complementary approach. We study Fourier spectra from reflected light curves for geometrically simple configurations. Depending on its atmospheric properties, a rotating planet in the habitable zone could have circular polar ice caps. Tidally locked planets, on the other hand, may have symmetric circular oceans facing the star. These cases are interesting because the high-albedo contrast at the sharp edges of the ice-sheets and the glint from the host star in the ocean may produce recognizable light curves with orbital periodicity, which could also be interpreted in the Fourier domain. We derive a simple general expression for the Fourier coefficients of a quasiperiodic light curve in terms of the albedo map of a Lambertian planet surface. Analytic expressions for light curves and their spectra are calculated for idealized situations, and dependence of spectral peaks on the key parameters inclination, obliquity, and cap size is studied.
description: 15 pages, 2 tables, 13 figures
Guidelines for Physical Activity During Pregnancy: Comparisons From Around the World
Creators: name: Rousham, E.K.
name: Barakat, R.
name: Haruna, M.
name: Mikkelsen, E.M.
name: Owe, K.M.
name: Evenson, K.R.
name: Yeo, S.A.
name: Mottola, M.F.
name: Brown, W.J.
name: Dargent-Molina, P.
Publisher: name: SAGE Publications Inc.
Year: 2014

description: Introduction. Women attain numerous benefits from physical activity during pregnancy. However, because of physical changes that occur during pregnancy, special precautions are also needed. This review summarizes current guidelines for physical activity among pregnant women worldwide. Methods. We searched PubMed (MedLINE) for country-specific governmental and clinical guidelines on physical activity during pregnancy through the year 2012. We cross-referenced with articles referring to guidelines, with only the most recent included. An abstraction form was used to extract key details and summarize. Results. In total, 11 guidelines were identified from 9 countries (Australia, Canada, Denmark, France, Japan, Norway, Spain, United Kingdom, United States). Most guidelines supported moderate-intensity physical activity during pregnancy (10/11) and indicated specific frequency (9/11) and duration/time (9/11) recommendations. Most guidelines provided advice on initiating an exercise program during pregnancy (10/11). Six guidelines included absolute and relative contraindications to exercise. All guidelines generally ruled-out sports with risks of falls, trauma, or collisions. Six guidelines included indications for stopping exercise during pregnancy. Conclusion. This review contrasted pregnancy-related physical activity guidelines from around the world, and can help inform new guidelines as they are created or updated and facilitate the development of a worldwide guideline.
Supplementary document for Topological evolution of acousto-optic transfer functions in biaxial crystals - 6082099.pdf
Creators: name: Kupreychik, Maxim
name: Yushkov, Konstantin
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2022
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supplemental document contains material data used in the simulations and additional analysis of Bragg phase matching geometry.