cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Socio-economic Benefits of Non-timber Forest Products to the AFCOE2M Communities of Southern Cameroon
Creators: name: Caspa, R.G.
name: Myambi, G.N.
name: Amang, Mbang J.
name: Mabe, M.N.
name: Nwegueh, A.B.
name: Foahom, B.
name: Caspa, R.G.
name: Myambi, G.N.
name: Amang, Mbang J.
name: Mabe, M.N.
name: Nwegueh, A.B.
name: Foahom, B.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: non-timber forest products
subject: livelihood
subject: local communities
subject: Congo basin forest

description: A study was carried out in the community forest of Ebo, Medjounou and Mbamesoban communities (AFCOE2M) in the South Region of Cameroon to evaluate the contribution of non-timber forest products (NTFPs) to the people’s livelihood. The study identifies the various NTFPs used and further evaluates their socio-economic and cultural contributions in sustaining the livelihood of the AFCOE2M community. Essentially, the study assesses the exploitation and utilization of NTFPs. One Hundred and twenty five (125) individuals were randomly selected in the three villages that make up the AFCOE2M community forest. Fifty two (52) species of NTFPs of plant origin were identified, from which seven (7) were frequently used in all the three villages namely; Irvingia gabonensis, Trichoscypha acuminata, Alstonia boonei, Garcinia kola, Piper guineense, Picralima nitida, and Ricinodendron heudelotii. Results reveal that NTFPs plant parts used for consumption consist of 68% fruits, 20% seeds, 5% barks, 4% roots and 3% leaves. NTFPs used for medicinal purposes comprised of 70% barks, 16% seeds, 7% leaves, 5% fruits and 2% roots. There was a significant difference (P = 0.049) in the number of NTFP types consumed as food while that was not the case for medicinal NTFPs (P = 0.86). There was a significant difference in the number of NTFP species used for food originating from different land use types (P-value = 0.048) as well as between those used for medicinal purposes (P-value = 0.012).
HOG MARKETING CHANNELS IN MICHIGAN: STRUCTURE AND PERFORMANCE INPLICATIONS
Creators: name: Bloomer, Tom
name: Bloomer, Tom
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1975
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: The objectives of this report are to describe the structure of the slaughter hog marketing system in Michigan, and to investigate certain aspects of the market's performance. Four aspects of market performance are discussed: 1) the problem of accurate communication of supply and demand to producers; 2) the problem of communicating carcass quality characteristics to producers in a way that promotes more effective production management; 3) the ability of the market system to serve the varied production requirements of the different kinds of packers present in the state; and 4) the ability of the system to promote an accurate refection of value to the buyer in the price paid to the producer. This report also discusses ten methods of slaughter hog marketing, nine of which are actively employed in Michigan.
ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF SOYBEAN PRODUCTION AND MARKETING IN INDONESIA
Creators: name: Pakasi, Piet Petrus
name: Pakasi, Piet Petrus
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1988
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: Indonesia is a great archipelago, consisting of five main islands and about 13,000 smaller ones. Topographical features and soil types can be classified into three major groupings: 1) mountainous land area, 2) level or undulating to hilly land, and 3) low swampy lands. Indonesia is the fifth most populous country in the world after China, India, Russia, and the United States of America. It is predominantly a rural society, as well as an agricultural country. Agricultural policy has emphasized intensification, extensification, diversification and rehabilitation. This policy has been supported by the development of better irrigation schemes, improved on-farm water management, implementation of special intensification packages and increased labor productivity. In 1969, the government of Indonesia launched the first five year plan with agriculture as the focal point to promote economic growth. Food crops consist mainly of paddy rice, followed by maize, soybeans, sweet potatoes and cassava. Since 1969, rice production has been the primary focus in increasing food production, however, during the 1970's the growth in irrigated land slowed, and in turn rice production declined. The production of second crops such as maize, soybeans, groundnuts and cassava was largely neglected in government policy up to 1974. The declining rate of rice production during 1972-1974 encouraged the government to take into consideration for food policy these second crops, which in part act as a substitute for rice. Before 1974, total production of maize was declining, but small gains had been made by soybeans and groundnuts. In the case of soybeans, the domestic production cannot meet the demand. To fulfill the unmet demand, soybeans have been imported. It is projected that imports of soybeans will only increase in the future. Based on the availability of production resources particularly land in the outer islands, the possibility exists to increase domestic production. The principal objectives of this study are; 1) to describe and analyze the economic potential and constraints in the development of soybeans in Indonesia, and 2) to formulate policy recommendations regarding production, distribution, and consumption of soybeans.
Sound waves and solitons in hot and dense nuclear matter
Creators: name: Fogaça, D. A.
name: Filho, L. G. Ferreira
name: Navarra, F. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Assuming that nuclear matter can be treated as a perfect fluid, we study the propagation of perturbations in the baryon density. The equation of state is derived from a relativistic mean field model, which is a variant of the non-linear Walecka model. The expansion of the Euler and continuity equations of relativistic hydrodynamics around equilibrium configurations leads to differential equations for the density fluctuations. We solve them numerically for linear and spherical perturbations and follow the time evolution of the initial pulses. For linear perturbations we find single soliton solutions and solutions with one or more solitons followed by radiation. Depending on the equation of state a strong damping may occur. Spherical perturbations are strongly damped and almost do not propagate. We study these equations also for matter at finite temperature. Finally we consider the limiting case of shock wave formation.
description: 28 pages, 8 figures
Collective Action in the Management of Common-Pool Resources: Is There an Alternative to the Rational Choice Model?
Creators: name: Gopalakrishnan, Sathya
name: Gopalakrishnan, Sathya
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: The literature on community based natural resource management largely focuses on developing conditions that enable self-organized groups of resource users to collectively manage common pool resources. The analytical approach in most economic analyses is that of methodological individualism, where hypotheses are based on the representative, rational and self-interested individual who maximizes utility and on the basis of observed attributes of several successful case studies, the theory focuses on creating incentives for collective action through institutional design. This paper argues that an incentive based approach following the rational-choice model of human behavior is not sufficient to explain the success of voluntary groups in overcoming the free rider problem and seeks explanations from social and behavioral theories for a better understanding of the outcome of collective action efforts. Based on illustrations from experiences in the Joint Forest Management program in India, the paper suggests a direction for survey research to that would enable us to identify some relevant behavioral regularities, such as endowment effects, loss aversion and framing, among the group of resource users that can be helpful in explaining the outcome of collective action efforts and can inform policy makers to design the policy in a way that is more likely to reinforce desired behavior.
Constraining the Evolutionary Stage of Class I Protostars: Multi-wavelength Observations and Modeling
Creators: name: Eisner, J. A.
name: Hillenbrand, L. A.
name: Carpenter, John M.
name: Wolf, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: (abridged) We present new Keck images at 0.9 micron and OVRO 1.3 mm continuum images of five Class I protostars in the Taurus star forming region. We analyze these data in conjunction with broadband spectral energy distributions and 8-13 micron spectra from the literature using a Monte Carlo radiative transfer code. By fitting models for the circumstellar dust distributions simultaneously to the scattered light images, millimeter continuum data, and the SEDs, we attempt to distinguish between flared disks, infalling envelopes with outflow cavities, and combinations of disks and envelopes. For each of these circumstellar density distributions, we generate grids of models for varying geometries, dust masses, and accretion rates, and determine the best fits by minimizing the residuals between model and data. Models incorporating both massive envelopes and massive embedded disks generally fit the imaging+SED data best. Implied envelope infall rates for these models are consistent with infall rates derived by previous investigators, although they are approximately an order of magnitude larger than inner disk accretion rates inferred from recent spectroscopic measurements. In addition, the disk masses inferred from our models are close to or larger than the limit for gravitationally stable disks, indicating that Class I disks may undergo periodic episodes of enhanced accretion, perhaps as a result of gravitational instabilities. An important caveat to these results is that in some cases, no single model can fit all of the imaging and SED data well, suggesting that further refinements to models of the circumstellar dust distributions around Class I sources are necessary.
description: 58 pages, including 18 postscript figures. Accepted for publication in ApJ (Dec 10 issue)
Erni, Raymund: Die Kirche in orthodoxer Schau
Creators: name: Basdekis, Athanasios
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 30 Nr. 4 (1981): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 30, Heft 4
What is a Beverage Worth? Arbitrage Pricing and the Value of New Products: An Attribute-Space Approach
Creators: name: Pofahl, Geoffrey M.
name: Pofahl, Geoffrey M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: We empirically estimate the valuation of new carbonated soft drink products within a model of market value maximization. We show that equity value is an important consideration in the firm decision to differentiate or imitate in new product introductions. Our results indicate that differentiation is a marginally better strategy for new product introductions as opposed to imitation of existing products. This finding is quite logical given the already high levels of imitative competition existing in the carbonated soft drink category.
Impact of EPA's Voluntary 33/50 Program on Pollution Prevention Adoption and Toxic Releases
Creators: name: Bi, Xiang
name: Khanna, Madhu
name: Bi, Xiang
name: Khanna, Madhu
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: 33/50 program
subject: Toxic release inventory
subject: Releases
subject: Program evaluation

description: This paper evaluates the impact of 33/50 program on 33/50 releases and examine if this impact differed for ozone depleting chemicals and the rest 15 chemicals. It also examines the extent to which any reduction in 33/50 releases can be attributed to pollution prevention techniques (P2). Our analysis is conducted at the facility level, using facility level participation information and emissions data for the 1988-1995 periods. The data set includes 12,463 facilities eligible to participate in the program starting in 1991. Of these, 1033 facilities belonging to 1268 parent companies participated in the 33/50 program. Dynamic panel data models are used to incorporate facility specific unobserved effect, timing of participation and endogeneity of program participation and P2 adoption decisions. The results show that the program has different impact on ozone depleting chemicals and other releases. Regulatory pressure to comply with Montreal protocol motivated firms to reduce emissions during early stage of the program. When the immediate threat or regulation was reduced, participants appear to have focused on non-ozone depleting chemicals. The pollution prevention methods adopted also contributed to a reduction in toxic releases.
description: Replaced with revised version of paper 07/25/08.
Dilaton Stabilization and Inflation in the D-brane World
Creators: name: Kim, Hang Bae
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the dilaton stabilization in the D-brane world in which a D-brane constitutes our universe. The dilaton can be stabilized due to the interplay between the D-brane tension and the negative scalar curvature of extra dimensions. Cosmic evolution of the dilaton is investigated with the obtained dilaton potential and it is found that inflation can be realized before the settlement of the dilaton.
description: 10 pages, abstract corrected
Computation of dynamical correlation functions of Heisenberg chains in a field
Creators: name: Caux, J. -S.
name: Maillet, J. -M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the momentum- and frequency-dependent longitudinal spin structure factor for the one-dimensional spin-1/2 $XXZ$ Heisenberg spin chain in a magnetic field, using exact determinant representations for form factors on the lattice. Multiparticle contributions are computed numerically throughout the Brillouin zone, yielding saturation of the sum rule to high precision.
description: 4 pages, 14 figures
Meinhold, Peter: Die Begegnung der Religionen und die Geistesgeschichte Europas
Creators: name: Kg.
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 30 Nr. 4 (1981): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 30, Heft 4
New equations of state constrained by nuclear physics, observations, and QCD calculations of high-density nuclear matter
Creators: name: Huth, S.
name: Wellenhofer, C.
name: Schwenk, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present new equations of state for applications in core-collapse supernova and neutron star merger simulations. We start by introducing an effective mass parametrization that is fit to recent microscopic calculations up to twice saturation density. This is important to capture the predicted thermal effects, which have been shown to determine the proto-neutron star contraction in supernova simulations. The parameter range of the energy-density functional underlying the equation of state is constrained by chiral effective field theory results at nuclear densities as well as by functional renormalization group computations at high densities based on QCD. We further implement observational constraints from measurements of heavy neutron stars, the gravitational wave signal of GW170817, and from the recent NICER results. Finally, we study the resulting allowed ranges for the equation of state and for properties of neutron stars, including the predicted ranges for the neutron star radius and maximum mass.
description: 21 pages, 19 figures, minor changes, published version
The meaning and lived experience of maternal guilt
Creators: name: Seagram, Samantha
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: A qualitative, phenomenological methodology was used to explore and describe the experience and meaning of maternal guilt. Eight women between the ages of 32 and 42 years of age with one or more preadolescent children were interviewed about their experiences of maternal guilt. Using Colaizzi's (1978) approach to phenomenological data analysis the following seven common themes regarding these women's experiences of maternal guilt emerged: a sense of complete responsibility, a sense of depletion, a sense of inadequacy, fear that their children might come to harm, a strong desire to have a positive impact on their children, a sense of profound connection, and a sense of loss. The first six themes were common to all the women while the last one, a sense of loss, was common to all but one participant. A follow up interview with each of the women served to confirm or clarify the findings generated from the initial interview. These results provide a greater understanding of the experience and meaning of maternal guilt for these eight women. Recommendations for counsellors and for future research are provided.
D0 Top Physics
Creators: name: Pleier, Marc-André
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Tevatron proton-antiproton collider at Fermilab operates at a centre of mass energy of 1.96 TeV and is currently the only source for the production of top quarks. Recent D0 results on the top quark's production cross section and its properties such as mass, helicity of the W boson in its decay and branching fraction B(t -> Wb) are presented, and probe the validity of the Standard Model.
description: April 2005. 5pp. Prepared for Lake Louise Winter Institute: Fundamental Interactions, Lake Louise, Alberta, Canada, 20-26 Feb 2005
Photochemical synthesis and preliminary photophysical evaluation of a multi-component polymer enabling PDT in hypoxic conditions as novel Breast Cancer treatment
Creators: name: Agnes, Marco
name: Manoli, Francesco
name: Malanga, Milo
name: Manet, Ilse Gert
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: CYCLODEXTRIN-POLYMER
BREAST CANCER
HYPOXIA
PDT
NANOPARTCLES

description: Online Poster presentation at the ITALIAN PHOTOCHEMISTRY MEETING 2021, held in Turin (Italy) on 16-17-18/12/2021. ABSTRACT: Nanotechnologies grounded on cyclodextrin (CyD)-based polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) have been accurately tailored in order to improve the pharmaco-kinetic and dynamic profiles of conventional drugs and to load in a single, biocompatible carrier multiple therapeutic agents to achieve specific tumor tissue targeting. Light-activated therapies are receiving increasing attention for the treatment of solid tumors, including Breast Cancer (BC). Photodynamic therapy (PDT) consists in the administration of a photosensitizer (PS) which produces reactive oxygen species (ROS) i.e. singlet oxygen (1O2), upon irradiation with red light in the presence of molecular oxygen (O2), triggering a cascade of processes eventually killing cancer cells. Yet, tumor cells can undergo tissue hypoxia, such as an inadequate supply of O2, which will reduce PDT efficacy, and activate molecular pathways inducing resistance to chemotherapy (i.e. taxanes). The HypoCyclo project aims to optimize a novel combination of chemo- and photo-therapy for the selective and effective treatment of BC. CyD-based NPs able to load taxanes will be decorated with a PS i.e. Chlorin e6 (Ce6) and implemented with an Oxygen Releasing Agent (ORA) that will supply O2 in situ. We synthesized four anthracene and naphthalene derivatives known as suitable ORA because of their capacity to form endoperoxide moieties by trapping 1O2 and their exceptional ability of releasing it upon controlled cycloreversion. The synthesis has been achieved after optimization of published procedures. We started to study photooxygenation conditions with 9,10-diphenylanthracene (DPA) as reference compound and the obtained product was fully characterized by NMR, IR and UV-Vis spectroscopies and ESI-MS spectrometry. In parallel, we successfully entrapped Ce6 in the CyD-based NPs with a binding constant of 103 M-1 without affecting its ability to generate 1O2 in deuterated buffer solution. At the moment, we are optimizing the photooxygenation procedures for the synthesized derivatives as well as their encapsulation in the polymeric carrier together with Ce6. Upon co-encapsulation molecular oxygen release will be evaluated.
Micromagnetic simulations of the magnetization precession induced by a spin polarized current in a point contact geometry
Creators: name: Berkov, D. V.
name: Gorn, N. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper is devoted to numerical simulations of the magnetization dynamics driven by a spin-polarized current in extended ferromagnetic multilayers when a point-contact setup is used. We present (i) detailed analysis of methodological problems arising by such simulations and (ii) physical results obtained on a system similar to that studied in Rippard et al., Phys. Rev. Lett., v. 92, 027201 (2004). We demonstrate that the usage of a standard Slonczewski formalism for the phenomenological treatment of a spin-induced torque leads to a qualitative disagreement between simulation results and experimental observations and discuss possible reasons for this discrepancy.
description: Invited paper on MMM2005 (San Jose); accepted for publication in J. Applied Physics
BMS algebra from residual gauge invariance in light-cone gravity
Creators: name: Ananth, Sudarshan
name: Brink, Lars
name: Majumdar, Sucheta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the residual gauge freedom in gravity, in four dimensions, in the light-cone gauge, in a formulation where unphysical fields are integrated out. By checking the invariance of the light-cone Hamiltonian, we obtain a set of residual gauge transformations, which satisfy the BMS algebra realized on the two physical fields in the theory. Hence, the BMS algebra appears as a consequence of residual gauge invariance in the bulk and not just at the asymptotic boundary. We highlight the key features of the light-cone BMS algebra and discuss its connection with the quadratic form structure of the Hamiltonian.
description: 19 pages, appendices added, no change in conclusions, version published in JHEP
Descending from on high: Lyman series cascades and spin-kinetic temperature coupling in the 21 cm line
Creators: name: Pritchard, Jonathan R.
name: Furlanetto, Steven R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the effect of Lyman continuum photons on the 21 cm background in the high-redshift universe. The brightness temperature of this transition is determined by the spin temperature T_s, which describes the relative populations of the singlet and triplet hyperfine states. Once the first luminous sources appear, T_s is set by the Wouthuysen-Field effect, in which Lyman-series photons mix the hyperfine levels. Here we consider coupling through n>2 Lyman photons. We first show that coupling (and heating) from scattering of Lyman-n photons is negligible, because they rapidly cascade to lower-energy photons. These cascades can result in either a Lyman-alpha photon -- which will then affect T_s according to the usual Wouthuysen-Field mechanism -- or photons from the 2s -> 1s continuum, which escape without scattering. We show that a proper treatment of the cascades delays the onset of strong Wouthuysen-Field coupling and affects the power spectrum of brightness fluctuations when the overall coupling is still relatively weak (i.e., around the time of the first stars). Cascades damp fluctuations on small scales because only ~ 1/3 of Lyn photons cascade through Lyman-alpha, but they do not affect the large-scale power because that arises from those photons that redshift directly into the Lyman-alpha transition. We also comment on the utility of Lyman-n transitions in providing "standard rulers" with which to study the high-redshift universe.
description: Accepted by MNRAS. 10 pages, 8 figures. Minor revisions + corrected normalisation of figure 5
Innovations of Organic Agriculture, Challenges and Organic Certification in the United States
Creators: name: Wiggins, ZaDarreyal
name: Nandwani, Dilip
name: Wiggins, ZaDarreyal
name: Nandwani, Dilip
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: agriculture
subject: biodegradable
subject: biofertilizer
subject: certification
subject: innovative techniques
subject: organic

description: Organic agriculture is a production system that maintains the health of an agro-ecosystem by enhancing biodiversity and producing healthy soils by eliminating the use of chemicals. Other practices are used to enhance properties of the soil and increase long term soil fertility and prevent pest and diseases. Globally, organic agriculture has grown approximately by 20% yearly as consumers and growers make healthier food choices and show more concern about the impacts of our actions on the environment. Organic agriculture attempts to increase the level of food security and create a more sustainable environment for future generations. Organic certification has continuously increased as the benefits steady arise for farmers looking to produce healthier food. This article will observe the history, present day, challenges, certifications, impacts and benefits of the intriguing organic agricultural world.
Tristable flow states and reversal of the large-scale circulation in two-dimensional circular convection cells
Creators: name: Xu, Ao
name: Chen, Xin
name: Xi, Heng-Dong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a numerical study of the flow states and reversals of the large-scale circulation (LSC) in a two-dimensional circular Rayleigh-Bénard cell. Long-time direct numerical simulations are carried out in the Rayleigh number ($Ra$) range $10^{7} \le Ra \le 10^{8}$ and Prandtl number ($Pr$) range $2.0 \le Pr \le 20.0$. We found that a new, long-lived, chaotic flow state exists, in addition to the commonly observed circulation states (the LSC in the clockwise and counterclockwise directions). The circulation states consist of one primary roll in the middle and two secondary rolls near the top and bottom circular walls. The primary roll becomes stronger and larger, while the two secondary rolls diminish, with increasing $Ra$. Our results suggest that the reversal of the LSC is accompanied by the secondary rolls growing, breaking the primary roll and then connecting to form a new primary roll with reversed direction. We mapped out the phase diagram of the existence of the LSC and the reversal in the $Ra$-$Pr$ space, which reveals that the flow is in the circulation states when $Ra$ is large and $Pr$ is small. The reversal of the LSC can only occur in a limited $Pr$ range. The phase diagram can be understood in terms of competition between the thermal and viscous diffusions. We also found that the internal flow states manifested themselves into global properties such as Nusselt and Reynolds numbers.
description: 24 pages, 18 figures
Environmental Indices for the Chinese Grain Sector
Creators: name: Chen, Ming
name: Karp, Larry S.
name: Chen, Ming
name: Karp, Larry S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: Chinese agriculture
subject: dynamic production
subject: environmental indices
subject: sustainability
subject: Kalman filter

description: Increased population pressure and political decisions have led to more intensive agricultural practices in China. As in other regions of the world, these practices can damage natural capital We use the Kalman filter and Chinese panel data to estimate an index of environmental productivity (natural capital), together with the parameters of environmental dynamics and the production function. These estimates show that intensive practices are likely to have had persistent, substantial, and statistically significant negative effects on productivity. Ignoring these effects can cause substantial misallocation of resources. The results illustrate the possibility of estimating sectoral environmental indices using data commonly available.
Generalized parton distributions of the nucleon in constituent quark models
Creators: name: Boffi, S.
name: Pasquini, B.
name: Traini, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Generalized parton distributions (GPDs) are studied at the hadronic (nonperturbative) scale within different assumptions based on a relativistic constituent quark model. In particular, by means of a meson-cloud model we investigate the role of nonperturbative antiquark degrees of freedom and the valence quark contribution. A QCD evolution of the obtained GPDs is used to add perturbative effects and to investigate the GPDs' sensitivity to the nonperturbative ingredients of the calculation at larger (experimental) scale.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure, presented at the Baryon-04 Conference, Palaiseau (France), October 25-29, 2004. Nuclear Physics A, to be published
Triple-top-gate technique for studying the strongly interacting 2D electron systems in heterostructures
Creators: name: Melnikov, M. Yu.
name: Shashkin, A. A.
name: Huang, S. -H.
name: Liu, C. W.
name: Kravchenko, S. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have developed a technique that dramatically reduces the contact resistances and depletes a shunting channel between the contacts outside the Hall bar in ultra-high mobility SiGe/Si/SiGe heterostructures. It involves the creation of three overlapping independent gates deposited on top of the structure and allows transport measurements to be performed at millikelvin temperatures in the strongly interacting limit at low electron densities, where the energy of the electron-electron interactions dominates all other energy scales. This design allows one to observe the two-threshold voltage-current characteristics that are a signature for the collective depinning and sliding of the electron solid.
Extremely Dense Gamma-Ray Pulses in Electron Beam-Multifoil Collisions
Creators: name: Sampath, Archana
name: Davoine, Xavier
name: Corde, Sébastien
name: Gremillet, Laurent
name: Gilljohann, Max
name: Sangal, Maitreyi
name: Keitel, Christoph H.
name: Ariniello, Robert
name: Cary, John
name: Ekerfelt, Henrik
name: Emma, Claudio
name: Fiuza, Frederico
name: Fujii, Hiroki
name: Hogan, Mark
name: Joshi, Chan
name: Knetsch, Alexander
name: Kononenko, Olena
name: Lee, Valentina
name: Litos, Mike
name: Marsh, Kenneth
name: Nie, Zan
name: O'Shea, Brendan
name: Peterson, J. Ryan
name: Claveria, Pablo San Miguel
name: Storey, Doug
name: Wu, Yipeng
name: Xu, Xinlu
name: Zhang, Chaojie
name: Tamburini, Matteo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Sources of high-energy photons have important applications in almost all areas of research. However, the photon flux and intensity of existing sources is strongly limited for photon energies above a few hundred keV. Here we show that a high-current ultrarelativistic electron beam interacting with multiple submicrometer-thick conducting foils can undergo strong self-focusing accompanied by efficient emission of gamma-ray synchrotron photons. Physically, self-focusing and high-energy photon emission originate from the beam interaction with the near-field transition radiation accompanying the beam-foil collision. This near field radiation is of amplitude comparable with the beam self-field, and can be strong enough that a single emitted photon can carry away a significant fraction of the emitting electron energy. After beam collision with multiple foils, femtosecond collimated electron and photon beams with number density exceeding that of a solid are obtained. The relative simplicity, unique properties, and high efficiency of this gamma-ray source open up new opportunities for both applied and fundamental research including laserless investigations of strong-field QED processes with a single electron beam.
description: 17 pages, 11 figures, matches published article
The impact of halo shapes on the bispectrum in cosmology
Creators: name: Smith, R. E.
name: Watts, P. I. R.
name: Sheth, R. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: (Abridged) We use the triaxial halo model of Smith & Watts to investigate the impact of dark matter halo shapes on the bispectrum. Analytic expressions are derived and evaluated through numerical integration. Two models for the ellipsoidal halo profiles are considered: a toy model designed to isolate the effects of halo shape on the clustering alone; and the realistic model of Jing & Suto. For equilateral k-space triangles, we show that the predictions of the triaxial model are suppressed, relative to the spherical model, by roughly ~7% and ~4% for the two profiles respectively. The reduced bispectrum as a function of triangle configuration is found to be very sensitive to halo shapes on small scales. The generic features are that, relative to the spherical model, the signal is suppressed for k-space triangles that are close to equilateral and boosted for configurations that are colinear. This appears to be a unique signature of halo triaxiality. The galaxy bispectrum is also explored. Two models for the halo occupation distribution (HOD) are considered: the binomial distribution of Scoccimarro et al. and the Poisson satellite model of Kravtsov et al. Our predictions show that the galaxy bispectrum is also sensitive to halo shapes, although relative to the mass, the effects are reduced. The HOD of Kravtsov et al. is found to be more sensitive. This owes to the mean number of galaxies per halo being a steeper function of mass in this model, hence giving stronger weight to the high mass (more triaxial) haloes. Interestingly, the functional form is not strongly sensitive to the details of the HOD, but is mainly determined by the halo shape. However, a combination of measurements made on different scales and for different k-space triangles are sensitive to both halo shape and the HOD.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS; minor changes; 19 pages, 10 figures
Baxoviddin Naqishbandiyni ma`naviy merosi va yoshlar tarbiyasiga oid  qarashlari
Creators: name: Azizbek Xayrullayev Askar o`g`li, Toshkent axborot texnalogiyalar universiteti Samarqand filiali  AX 23.08-guruh talabasi
name: Ilmiy rahbar: X.U.Samatov
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Ushbu  maqolada  tasavvuf  va  Islom  falsafasining  yetuk namoyandasi Baxoviddin Naqshbandiyning ma'naviy merosi va yoshlar tarbiyasiga oid  qarashlari  yoritilgan.  Adabiyotni  keng  qamrovli  tahlil  qilish  orqali  maqola Naqshbandiyning  ta'limoti  va  usullarini  o'rganadi,  ularning  yoshlar  uchun ma'naviy-ma'rifiy  manzarani shakllantirishga ta'sirini  o'rganadi. Usullar bo'limida tahlil qilish uchun ishlatiladigan manbalar, natijalar bo'limida esa asosiy topilmalar keltirilgan.  Munozara  bo'limi  ushbu  topilmalarni  sharhlaydi  va  xulosalar  va takliflar  Naqshbandiy  ta'limotining  zamonaviy  yoshlar  ta'limotiga  ta'siri  haqida tushuncha beradi.
Q-operator and T-Q relation from the fusion hierarchy
Creators: name: Yang, Wen-Li
name: Nepomechie, Rafael I.
name: Zhang, Yao-Zhong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose that the Baxter $Q$-operator for the spin-1/2 XXZ quantum spin chain is given by the $j\to \infty$ limit of the transfer matrix with spin-$j$ (i.e., $(2j+1)$-dimensional) auxiliary space. Applying this observation to the open chain with general (nondiagonal) integrable boundary terms, we obtain from the fusion hierarchy the $T$-$Q$ relation for {\it generic} values (i.e. not roots of unity) of the bulk anisotropy parameter. We use this relation to determine the Bethe Ansatz solution of the eigenvalues of the fundamental transfer matrix. This approach is complementary to the one used recently to solve the same model for the roots of unity case.
description: Latex file, 12 pages; V2, misprints corrected and references added
The Insurance Role of Remittances on Household Credit Demand
Creators: name: Richter, Susan M.
name: Richter, Susan M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: Financial Economics
Health Economics and Policy

description: The economic literature has highlighted how in the absence of income insurance risk averse households may voluntarily withdraw from credit markets, since contract terms may transfer too much risk to the household (Boucher, Carter, and Guirkinger, 2007). Therefore, households may forgo activities with higher expected income in favor of activities with less income variability across states of nature (Morduch, 1995). Recent literature has also evaluated how remittances provide households with insurance against income shocks (Yang and Choi, 2007; Rosenzweig and Stark, 1989) and how remittances may help households bypass financial intermediaries (Woodruff and Zenteno, 2001; Taylor, Rozelle, and de Brauw, 2003). There has been minimal attention, however, on how access to the potential receipt of remittances affects household participation in financial credit markets. On the one hand, the direct effect of remittances might decrease liquidity constraints at the household level and thus decrease credit demand. On the other hand remittances may provide households with insurance and thus increase willingness to accept credit contract terms. In this paper I estimate the effect of the potential receipt of remittances on credit demand. Potential receipt of remittances is estimated by predicting the household's receipt of remittances and variables that proxy for the strength and vulnerability of migration networks. Results indicate that the predicated amount of remittances received at the household level have a positive effect on credit demand.
Hybrid Estimation of CMB Polarization Power Spectra
Creators: name: Efstathiou, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper generalises the hybrid power spectrum estimator developed in Efstathiou (2004a) to the estimation of polarization power spectra of the cosmic microwave background radiation. The hybrid power spectrum estimator is unbiased and we show that it is close to optimal at all multipoles, provided the pixel noise satisfies certain reasonable constraints. Furthermore, the hybrid estimator is computationally fast and can easily be incorporated in a Monte-Carlo chain for Planck-sized data sets. Simple formulae are given for the covariance matrices, including instrumental noise, and these are tested extensively against numerical simulations. We compare the behaviour of simple pseudo-Cell estimates with maximum likelihood estimates at low multipoles. For realistic sky cuts, maximum likelihood estimates reduce very significantly the mixing of E and B modes. To achieve limits on the scalar-tensor ratio of r<<0.1 from sky maps with realistic sky cuts, maximum likelihood methods, or pseudo-Cell estimators based on unambiguous E and B modes, will be essential.
description: 22 pages, 11 figures, submitted to MNRAS
Chrysozyma iridis Q. M. Wang, F. Y. Bai & A. H. Li 2020, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Li, A. - H.
name: Yuan, F. - X.
name: Groenewald, M.
name: Bensch, K.
name: Yurkov, A. M.
name: Li, K.
name: Han, P. - J.
name: Guo, L. - D.
name: Aime, M. C.
name: Sampaio, J. P.
name: Jindamorakot, S.
name: Turchetti, B.
name: Inacio, J.
name: Fungsin, B.
name: Wang, Q. - M.
name: Bai, F. - Y.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Fungi
Basidiomycota
Microbotryomycetes
Chrysozymaceae
Chrysozyma
Chrysozyma iridis

description: Chrysozyma iridis Q.M. Wang, F.Y. Bai & A.H. Li sp. nov. MycoBank MB828852. Fig. 18O.
 Etymology: the specific epithet iridis refers to Iris, the plant genus from which the type strain was isolated.
 Culture characteristics: In YM broth, after 7 d at 17 °C, cells are cylindrical, 2.8–3.2 × 7.2–10.3 μm and single, budding is polar (Fig. 18O), a sediment is present. After 1 mo at 17 °C, a ring and sediment are present. On YM agar, after 1 mo at 17 °C, the streak culture is cream, butyrous, smooth and glossy. The margin is entire. In Dalmau plate culture on corn meal agar, pseudohyphae are not formed. Sexual structures are not observed on YM, PDA, V8 and CM agar. Ballistoconidia are not produced.
 Physiological and biochemical characteristics: Glucose fermentation is absent. Glucose, galactose (weak), sucrose, maltose, cellobiose, trehalose, melezitose, inulin (weak), D-glucitol (delayed and weak), D-mannitol and salicin (delayed) are assimilated as sole carbon sources. L-sorbose, lactose, melibiose, raffinose, soluble starch, D-xylose, L-arabinose, D-arabinose, D-ribose, L-rhamnose, D-glucosamine, methanol, ethanol, glycerol, erythritol, ribitol, galactitol, Methyl-α- D-glucoside, DLlactate, succinate, citrate, myo-inositol and hexadecane are not assimilated. Ammonium sulfate, potassium nitrate and ethylamine hydrochloride are assimilated as sole nitrogen sources. Sodium nitrite, L-lysine and cadaverine dihydrochloride are not assimilated. Maximum growth temperature is 28 °C. Growth in vitamin-free medium is positive. Starch-like substances are not produced. Growth on 50 % (w/w) glucose-yeast extract agar is negative. Urease activity is positive. Diazonium Blue B reaction is positive.
 Physiologically, Ch. iridis differs from its closely related species Ch. rhododendri in its inability to assimilate raffinose, Dxylose, L-arabinose, ethanol and Methyl-α- D-glucoside (Table S1.34).
 Typus: China, Bomi county, Tibet, obtained from a leaf of Iris forrestii, Sep. 2004, F.-Y. Bai (holotype CGMCC 2.2769 T preserved in a metabolically inactive state, ex-type CBS 15461 = XZ8B3).
description: Published as part of Li, A. - H., Yuan, F. - X., Groenewald, M., Bensch, K., Yurkov, A. M., Li, K., Han, P. - J., Guo, L. - D., Aime, M. C., Sampaio, J. P., Jindamorakot, S., Turchetti, B., Inacio, J., Fungsin, B., Wang, Q. - M. & Bai, F. - Y., 2020, Diversity and phylogeny of basidiomycetous yeasts from plant leaves and soil: Proposal of two new orders, three new families, eight new genera and one hundred and seven new species, pp. 17-140 in Studies In Mycology 96 on page 127, DOI: 10.1016/j.simyco.2020.01.002
High-resolution light field prints by nanoscale 3D printing
Creators: name: Chan, John You En
name: Ruan, Qifeng
name: Jiang, Menghua
name: Wang, Hongtao
name: Wang, Hao
name: Zhang, Wang
name: Qiu, Cheng-Wei
name: Yang, Joel K. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A light field print (LFP) displays three-dimensional (3D) information to the naked-eye observer under ambient white light illumination. Changing perspectives of a 3D image are seen by the observer from varying angles. However, LFPs appear pixelated due to limited resolution and misalignment between their lenses and colour pixels. A promising solution to create high-resolution LFPs is through the use of advanced nanofabrication techniques. Here, we use two-photon polymerization lithography as a one-step nanoscale 3D printer to directly fabricate LFPs out of transparent resin. This approach produces simultaneously high spatial resolution (29 - 45 μm) and high angular resolution (~ 1.6 °) images with smooth motion parallax across 15 {\times} 15 views. Notably, the smallest colour pixel consists of only a single nanopillar (~ 300 nm diameter). Our LFP signifies a step towards hyper-realistic 3D images that can be applied in print media and security tags for high-value goods.
description: Revised arguments; Added some references and supplementary figures
Push-forward method for piecewise deterministic biochemical simulations
Creators: name: Innocentini, Guilherme C. P.
name: Hodgkinson, Arran
name: Antoneli, Fernando
name: Debussche, Arnaud
name: Radulescu, Ovidiu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: A biochemical network can be simulated by a set of ordinary differential equations (ODE) under well stirred reactor conditions, for large numbers of molecules, and frequent reactions. This is no longer a robust representation when some molecular species are in small numbers and reactions changing them are infrequent. In this case, discrete stochastic events trigger changes of the smooth deterministic dynamics of the biochemical network. Piecewise-deterministic Markov processes (PDMP) are well adapted for describing such situations. Although PDMP models are now well established in biology, these models remain computationally challenging. Previously we have introduced the push-forward method to compute how the probability measure is spread by the deterministic ODE flow of PDMPs, through the use of analytic expressions of the corresponding semigroup. In this paper we provide a more general simulation algorithm that works also for non-integrable systems. The method can be used for biochemical simulations with applications in fundamental biology, biotechnology and biocomputing.This work is an extended version of the work presented at the conference CMSB2019.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1905.00235
Competition, Bargaining Power, and the Cattle Cycle
Creators: name: Crespi, John M.
name: Xia, Tian
name: Jones, Rodney D.
name: Crespi, John M.
name: Xia, Tian
name: Jones, Rodney D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: Livestock Production/Industries

description: Cattle production follows a dynamic cycle that has often been analyzed, and cattle markets receive much scrutiny because of the potential for buyer market power. The relationship between the two has been little studied, however. This paper provides a simple conceptual framework to study how the cattle cycle and market concentration jointly affect the bargaining power of producers and packers yielding the following main results. Not surprisingly, a larger cattle stock reduces producers' bargaining position, which results in a lower fed cattle price. More importantly, however, the cattle stock's negative effect on price is magnified by the market concentration in beef packing. Thus, the cycle itself is very importantly related to a posited cycle of bargaining power between cattle producers and beef packers. Secondly, the model also shows how beef packers may use the special feature of cattle as both consumption and capital goods to lower the cattle price by influencing cattle inventories.