cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Crystal structure of dicarbonyl[μ2-methylenebis(diphenylphosphane)-κ2 P:P′][μ2-2-(2,4,5-trimethylphenyl)-3-oxoprop-1-ene-1,3-diyl](triphenylphosphane-κP)ironplatinum(Fe—Pt)–dichloromethane–toluene (1/1/2), [(OC)2Fe(μ-dppm)(μ-C(=O)C(2,4,5-C6H2Me3)=CH)Pt(PPh3)]
Creators: name: Brieger, Lukas
name: Jourdain, Isabelle
name: Knorr, Michael
name: Strohmann, Carsten
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Crystal structure
subject: Terminal alkyne
subject: Iron
subject: Platinum
subject: Heterobimetallic
subject: Metal-metal bond dimetallacyclopentenone
subject: Bis(diphenylphosphino)methane
subject: Hydrogen bonding
subject: C—H⋯π inter­actions
subject: 540

description: The title compound, [FePt(C12H12O)(C18H15P)(C25H22P2)(CO)2]·2C7H8·CH2Cl2 or [(OC)2Fe(μ-dppm)(μ-C(=O)C(2,4,5-C6H2Me3)=CH)Pt(PPh3)], represents an example of a diphosphane-bridged heterobimetallic dimetalla­cyclo­pentenone complex resulting from a bimetallic activation of 1-ethynyl-2,4,5-tri­methyl­benzene and a metal-coordinated carbonyl ligand. The bridging μ2-C(=O)C(2,4,5-C6H2Me3)=CH unit (stemming from a carbon–carbon coupling reaction between CO and the terminal alkyne) forms a five-membered dimetalla­cyclo­pentenone ring, in which the C=C bond is π-coordinated to the Fe centre. The latter is connected to the Pt centre through a short metal–metal bond of 2.5770 (5) Å. In the crystal, the complex is solvated by one di­chloro­methane and two toluene mol­ecules.
description: Acta Cryst. E;75(12)
Intrinsic Domain Wall Resistance in Ferromagnetic Semiconductors
Creators: name: Nguyen, Anh Kiet
name: Shchelushkin, R. V.
name: Brataas, Arne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Transport through zincblende magnetic semiconductors with magnetic domain walls is studied theoretically. We show that these magnetic domain walls have an intrinsic resistance due to the spin-orbit interaction. The intrinsic resistance is independent of the domain wall shape and width when the latter is larger than the Fermi wavelength. For typical parameters, the intrinsic domain wall resistance is comparable to the Sharvin resistance and should be experimentally measurable.
description: Final version
Two step melting of the Weeks-Chandler-Anderson system in two dimensions
Creators: name: Khali, Shubhendu Shekhar
name: Chakraborty, Dipanjan
name: Chaudhuri, Debasish
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a detailed numerical simulation study of a two dimensional system of particles interacting via the Weeks-Chandler-Anderson potential, the repulsive part of the Lennard-Jones potential. With reduction of density, the system shows a two-step melting: a continuous melting from solid to hexatic phase, followed by a a first order melting of hexatic to liquid. The solid-hexatic melting is consistent with the Kosterlitz-Thouless-Halperin-Nelson-Young (KTHNY) scenario and shows dislocation unbinding. The first order melting of hexatic to fluid phase, on the other hand, is dominated by formation of string of defects at the hexatic-fluid interfaces.
description: 11 pages, 14 figures
Oxygen Vacancy-Induced Topological Hall effect in a Nonmagnetic Band Insulator
Creators: name: Ojha, Shashank Kumar
name: Gogoi, Sanat Kumar
name: Patidar, Manju Mishra
name: Patel, Ranjan Kumar
name: Mandal, Prithwijit
name: Kumar, Siddharth
name: Venkatesh, R.
name: Ganesan, V.
name: Jain, Manish
name: Middey, Srimanta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The discovery of skyrmions has sparked tremendous interests about topologically nontrivial spin textures in recent times. The signature of noncoplanar nature of magnetic moments can be observed as topological Hall effect (THE) in electrical measurement. Realization of such nontrivial spin textures in new materials and through new routes is an ongoing endeavour due to their huge potential for future ultra-dense low-power memory applications. In this work, we report oxygen vacancy (OV) induced THE and anomalous Hall effect (AHE) in a 5$d^0$ system KTaO$_3$. The observation of weak antilocalization behavior and THE in the same temperature range strongly implies the crucial role of spin-orbit coupling (SOC) behind the origin of THE. Ab initio calculations reveal the formation of the magnetic moment on Ta atoms around the OV and Rashba-type spin texturing of conduction electrons. In the presence of Rashba SOC, the local moments around vacancy can form bound magnetic polarons (BMP) with noncollinear spin texture, resulting THE. Scaling analysis between transverse and longitudinal resistance establishes skew scattering driven AHE in present case. Our study opens a route to realize topological phenomena through defect engineering.
description: Published in Advanced Quantum Technology
Weak Chaos in large conservative system -- Infinite-range coupled standard maps
Creators: name: Moyano, Luis G.
name: Majtey, Ana P.
name: Tsallis, Constantino
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study, through a new perspective, a globally coupled map system that essentially interpolates between simple discrete-time nonlinear dynamics and certain long-range many-body Hamiltonian models. In particular, we exhibit relevant similarities, namely (i) the existence of long-standing quasistationary states (QSS), and (ii) the emergence of weak chaos in the thermodynamic limit, between the present model and the Hamiltonian Mean Field model, a strong candidate for a nonxtensive statistical mechanical approach.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures. Corrected typos in equation 4. Changed caption in Fig. 1. Corrected references 2 and 6. Acknowledgements added
Blockchain & cryptocurrencies: marketing strategies
Creators: name: Σπυροπούλου, Διονυσία
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Πειραιώς
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Blockchain
subject: Cryptocurrencies
subject: Marketing strategies

description: H τεχνολογία Blockchain έχει προχωρήσει ως λύση στην παγκόσμια κρίση εμπιστοσύνης. Πράγματι, οι μοναδικές δυνατότητες του Blockchain, ορισμένοι υποστηρίζουν, παρακάμπτουν την ανάγκη εμπιστοσύνης, γι 'αυτό και μερικές φορές ονομάζεται τεχνολογία «χωρίς εμπιστοσύνη». Αντ 'αυτού, προσφέρει έναν νέο τρόπο αντικατάστασης των πληροφοριών που δεν έχει κάποιος από άλλες πηγές, προκειμένου να εμπιστευτεί κάτι ή κάποιον και, κατ' επέκταση, να αναλάβει δράση βάσει του ότι έχει αυτήν την εμπιστοσύνη. Η αντικατάσταση των πληροφοριών που είναι απαραίτητες για την εμπιστοσύνη επιτυγχάνεται σε συστήματα Blockchain με τα ακόλουθα: 1) Μηχανισμοί κινήτρων: η τεχνολογία Blockchain έχει σχεδιαστεί για να ενθαρρύνει τους κοινωνικούς φορείς να συμπεριφέρονται σωστά (π.χ. μέσω μηχανισμών ανταμοιβής που βασίζονται σε κρυπτονομίσματα σε ορισμένα Blockchain). Τα αλληλεπιδρώντα μέρη το γνωρίζουν αυτό και, ως εκ τούτου, έχουν την εμπιστοσύνη να ενεργήσουν χωρίς πλήρη γνώση μεταξύ τους, 2) Δημιουργία και τήρηση αρχείων: η τεχνολογία Blockchain προορίζεται να παράγει τελικούς, οριστικούς και αμετάβλητους δίσκους, χρησιμοποιώντας κρυπτογραφία, δημιουργώντας έτσι ανθεκτικότητα σε παραβίαση ενεργειών που έχουν πραγματοποιηθεί και 3) Αποκέντρωση: η τεχνολογία Blockchain λειτουργεί ως ένα κατανεμημένο δίκτυο peer-to-peer στο οποίο οι συμμετέχοντες συνήθως δεν λειτουργούν υπό οποιαδήποτε κεντρική αρχή · Αντίθετα, οι συμμετέχοντες είναι αυτόνομοι, αν και λειτουργούν με συντονισμένο τρόπο, επειδή έχουν κίνητρα να το πράξουν. Επειδή είναι αυτόνομοι, γεγονός που καθιστά δύσκολη την απάτη, οι εγγραφές που δημιουργούνται σε αυτά τα συστήματα μπορούν να είναι αξιόπιστες. Στο παραπάνω πλαίσιο η ανάδειξη της τεχνολογίας Blockchain συντελεί σε μια νέα πραγματικότητα, αυτή της αλλαγής των συναλλακτικών ηθών και της εμπιστοσύνης. Η τεχνολογία αυτή θα επηρεάσει όλη τη κοινωνία και όχι μόνον την οικονομία. Στα επόμενα κεφάλαια αναδεικνύονται οι δυναμικές αυτής της προοπτικής.
Search for the Theta(1540)+ pentaquark using kaon secondary interactions at Belle
Creators: name: The Belle Collaboration
name: Abe, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using kaon secondary interactions in the material of the Belle detector, we search for both inclusive and exclusive production of the Theta(1540)+. We set an upper limit of 2.5% at the 90% C.L. on the ratio of the Theta(1540)+ to Lambda(1520) inclusive production cross sections. We also search for the Theta(1540)+ as an intermediate resonance in the charge exchange reaction K+ n -> p Ks. An upper limit of Gamma(Theta+)<0.64MeV at the 90% C.L. at m(Theta+)=1.539MeV is set. These results are obtained from a 397/fb data sample collected with the Belle detector near the Upsilon(4S) resonance, at the KEKB asymmetric energy e+e- collider.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures, contributed to the XXII International Symposium on Lepton-Photon Interactions at High Energy (LP2005), June 30-July 5, Uppsala, Sweden, submitted to PLB
Ανάλυση απόδοσης μετοχών του κατασκευαστικού κλάδου σε ευρωπαϊκές χώρες
Creators: name: Μαχά, Ελπίδα
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Πειραιώς
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Χρηματιστήρια
subject: Χρηματιστηριακοί δείκτες
subject: Μετοχές
subject: Μοντέλο Αποτίμησης Περιουσιακών Στοιχείων
subject: CAPM
subject: Κατασκευαστικός κλάδος

description: Στην παρούσα διπλωματική εργασία επιχειρήθηκε να εφαρμοστεί το μοντέλο αποτίμησης κεφαλαιακών στοιχείων (CAPM) σε μετοχές του κατασκευαστικού κλάδου, ενός κλάδου που αποτελεί πυλώνα της οικονομίας κάθε χώρας. Στο πρώτο κεφάλαιο, αναφέρονται και μελετούνται οι βασικές έννοιες των αγορών, ο τρόπος λειτουργίας του χρηματιστηρίου και των δεικτών του, αλλά και μία σύντομη αναφορά στα χρηματιστήρια των ευρωπαϊκών χωρών που μελετήθηκαν στο πλαίσιο εκπόνησης της εργασίας. Στο δεύτερο κεφάλαιο, έγινε αναφορά στον κατασκευαστικό κλάδο και στη σημασία του για την οικονομία μιας χώρας. Παρουσιάστηκαν δεδομένα ερευνών που επιβεβαιώνουν το πόσο σημαντικός κλάδος είναι για την ανάπτυξη της οικονομίας. Στο τρίτο κεφάλαιο, μελετήθηκε το μοντέλο αποτίμησης κεφαλαιακών στοιχείων, η σημασία του, οι κριτικές που δέχτηκε και το πόσο σημαντικό είναι για τους οικονομολόγους. Στο τέταρτο και τελευταίο κεφάλαιο, επιλέχθηκαν οι κατασκευαστικές εταιρείες και έγινε μία σύντομη ιστορική αναδρομή τους καθώς και τα έργα που έχουν στο ενεργητικό τους. Έπειτα έγινε η ανάλυση των μετοχών των επιλεχθέντων κατασκευαστικών εταιρειών και τα συμπεράσματα το οποία προέκυψαν από τη συγκεκριμένη διαδικασία.
Qubit-efficient entanglement spectroscopy using qubit resets
Creators: name: Yirka, Justin
name: Subasi, Yigit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One strategy to fit larger problems on NISQ devices is to exploit a tradeoff between circuit width and circuit depth. Unfortunately, this tradeoff still limits the size of tractable problems since the increased depth is often not realizable before noise dominates. Here, we develop qubit-efficient quantum algorithms for entanglement spectroscopy which avoid this tradeoff. In particular, we develop algorithms for computing the trace of the n-th power of the density operator of a quantum system, $Tr(ρ^n)$, (related to the Rényi entropy of order n) that use fewer qubits than any previous efficient algorithm while achieving similar performance in the presence of noise, thus enabling spectroscopy of larger quantum systems on NISQ devices. Our algorithms, which require a number of qubits independent of n, are variants of previous algorithms with width proportional to n, an asymptotic difference. The crucial ingredient in these new algorithms is the ability to measure and reinitialize subsets of qubits in the course of the computation, allowing us to reuse qubits and increase the circuit depth without suffering the usual noisy consequences. We also introduce the notion of effective circuit depth as a generalization of standard circuit depth suitable for circuits with qubit resets. This tool helps explain the noise-resilience of our qubit-efficient algorithms and should aid in designing future algorithms. We perform numerical simulations to compare our algorithms to the original variants and show they perform similarly when subjected to noise. Additionally, we experimentally implement one of our qubit-efficient algorithms on the Honeywell System Model H0, estimating $Tr(ρ^n)$ for larger n than possible with previous algorithms.
description: 16 pages, 13 figures. Expanded introduction and conclusion and other minor corrections (thank you to anonymous referees). Reformatted with the Quantum LaTeX class
title: [(7-chloroquinolin-4-yl)amino]acetophenones and their copper(II) derivatives
title: synthesis, characterization, computational studies and antimalarial activity
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Parra, Yonathan De Jesús
name: Andueza L, Felix D
name: Ferrer M, Rosa E
name: Bruno Colmenarez, Julia
name: Acosta, María E
name: Charris, Jaime
name: Rosenthal, Philip J
name: Gut, Jiri
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Acetophenone
subject: Antimalarial
subject: Copper
subject: DFT
subject: Fragmentation
subject: Quinoline
subject: 610

description: The synthesis of the compounds [(7-chloroquinolin-4-yl)amino]acetophenones (4, 5) and their copper(II) complexes (4a, 5a) is reported. The compounds were characterized using a wide range of spectroscopic and spectrometric techniques, such as FTIR, UV-vis, NMR, EPR, ESI-CID-MS2. The spectral results suggested that the ligand acted as chelating species coordinating the metal through the endocyclic nitrogen of the quinoline ring in both complexes, with general formulae ex pressed in two ways, according to the phase in which they are: [Cu(L)2Cl2] for solid phase and [Cu(L)2][2Cl] for liquid phase. The EPR study of the Cu (II) complexes indicated a probable distorted tetrahedral coordination geometry. This result was confirmed by the calculated optimized structures at the DFT/B3LYP method with the 6-31G (d,p) basis set. The characterization of the fragmentation pattern of protonated free ligands was extended here to fragments as low as m/z 43, while for coordination complexes it extends to fragments at m/z 80 and m/z 111. The antimalarial activity of the compounds was determined through three different tests: inhibitory activity against in vitro growth of Plasmodium falciparum (W2), inhibition of hemozoin formation (β-hematin) and in vitro inhibitory activity against recombinant falcipain-2, where compound 5 showed considerable activity. However, the activity of free ligands against P. falciparum was increased by complexing with the Cu (II) metal ion. The values of the HOMO-LUMO energy gap of 3.847 eV (4a) and 3.932 eV (5a) were interpreted with high chemical activity and thus, could influence on biological activity. In both compounds, the total electron density surface mapped with electrostatic po tential clearly revealed the presence of high negative charge on the Cu atom. Also, this study reported the molecular docking of free ligands (4, 5) using software package ArgusLab 4.0.1. The results revealed the importance of water molecules as interaction bridges through hydrogen bonds between free ligands and β-hematin; at the same time, the hypothesis that π–π interaction between quinoline derivatives and the electronic system of hematin governs the formation of adducts was confirmed.
description: EXCLI Journal;Vol. 18 2019
The Relations between Street Network Configuration and Travel Behavior in Pakistan; the Optimal Level of Street Connectivity for a More Active Mobility
Creators: name: Mehriar, Melika
name: Masoumi, Houshmand
name: Aslam, Atif Bilal
name: Gillani, Syed Mubasher
name: Suhail, Tuba
name: Zulfiqar, Ayesha
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 600 Technik, Technologie
subject: street-length density
subject: street connectivity
subject: sprawling pattern
subject: travel behavior
subject: active mobility
subject: Pakistan

description: Urban sprawl is a particular pattern of the street network and land use. The relationship between street networks and sprawl has been discussed by urban scholars in developed and high-income countries. Nevertheless, there is a lack of research on the relationships between street connectivity and urban travel behavior, particularly among emerging markets. This paper aims to study correlations between urban mobility and street-length density as an indicator for assessing the compactness of an area by developing two hierarchical regression models and controlling for socioeconomic variables in two large Pakistani cities: Lahore and Rawalpindi. Moreover, this paper defines optimal cutoff values for street-length density and active transport. Finally, three chi-square tests were conducted to assess the differences between using different mode choices by people living in sprawled neighborhoods versus compact neighborhoods. Our findings confirm the use of different transport modes depending on the purpose of the trip (commuting or non-commuting), length of trip (within or outside the neighborhood), and starting point (sprawled neighborhood or compact area). We also find a positive correlation between street-length density around homes and commuting distance, the frequency of public transport use, and the use of private motor vehicles in commuting trips in the two cities. Street-length density around workplaces is correlated with commuting distance, the frequency of public transport use, and the use of private motor vehicles when socioeconomic variables (including age, daily activity, and monthly income) are controlled for in the two models. The behavior of Pakistani residents changes with a street-length density of 137 and 144.7 m/m2 for homes and workplaces, respectively, in terms of using active mobility.
Evaporative Cooling of a Guided Rubidium Atomic Beam
Creators: name: Lahaye, Thierry
name: Wang, Z.
name: Reinaudi, G.
name: Rath, S. P.
name: Dalibard, J.
name: Guéry-Odelin, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on our recent progress in the manipulation and cooling of a magnetically guided, high flux beam of $^{87}{\rm Rb}$ atoms. Typically $7\times 10^9$ atoms per second propagate in a magnetic guide providing a transverse gradient of 800 G/cm, with a temperature $\sim550$ $μ$K, at an initial velocity of 90 cm/s. The atoms are subsequently slowed down to $\sim 60$ cm/s using an upward slope. The relatively high collision rate (5 s$^{-1}$) allows us to start forced evaporative cooling of the beam, leading to a reduction of the beam temperature by a factor of ~4, and a ten-fold increase of the on-axis phase-space density.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures
Neuronal Transcriptome from C9orf72 Repeat Expanded Human Tissue is Associated with Loss of C9orf72 Function
Creators: name: Liu, Elaine Y.
name: Russ, Jenny
name: Lee, Edward
Publisher: name: Free Neuropathology
Year: 2020

description: A hexanucleotide G4C2 repeat expansion in C9orf72 is the most common genetic cause of familial and sporadic cases of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal degeneration (FTD). The mutation is associated with a reduction of C9orf72 protein and accumulation of toxic RNA and dipeptide repeat aggregates. The accumulation of toxic RNA has been proposed to sequester RNA binding proteins thereby altering RNA processing, consistent with previous transcriptome studies that have shown that the C9orf72 repeat expansion is linked to abundant splicing alterations and transcriptome changes. Here, we used a subcellular fractionation method and FACS to enrich for neuronal nuclei from C9orf72 repeat expanded post-mortem human ALS/FTD brains, and to remove neuronal nuclei with TDP-43 pathology which are observed in nearly all symptomatic C9orf72 repeat expanded cases. We show that the C9orf72 expansion is associated with relatively mild gene expression changes. Dysregulated genes were enriched for vesicle transport pathways, which is consistent with the known functions of C9orf72 protein. Further analysis suggests that the C9orf72 transcriptome is not driven by toxic RNA but is rather shaped by the depletion of pathologic TDP-43 nuclei and the loss of C9orf72 expression. These findings argue against RNA binding protein sequestration in neurons as a major contributor to C9orf72 mediated toxicity.
description: Free Neuropathology, Vol 1 (2020)
Truncated Schwinger-Dyson Equations and Gauge Covariance in QED3
Creators: name: Bashir, A.
name: Raya, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the Landau-Khalatnikov-Fradkin transformations (LKFT) in momentum space for the dynamically generated mass function in QED3. Starting from the Landau gauge results in the rainbow approximation, we construct solutions in other covariant gauges. We confirm that the chiral condensate is gauge invariant as the structure of the LKFT predicts. We also check that the gauge dependence of the constituent fermion mass is considerably reduced as compared to the one obtained directly by solving SDE.
description: 17 pages, 11 figures. v3. Improved and Expanded. To appear in Few Body Systems
Injection induced seismicity size distribution dependent on shear stress
Creators: name: Mukuhira, Yusuke
name: Fehler, Michael C.
name: Ito, Takatoshi
name: Asanuma, Hiroshi
name: Häring, Markus O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Like natural seismicity, induced seismicity caused by fluid injection also shows a power law size distribution, and its gradient b-value (ratio of small to large earthquakes) is often used for seismic hazard analysis. Despite well-known relationship that b-value is negatively correlated with differential stress for natural earthquakes, there is no understanding of the physical causes for b-value variations in injection-induced seismicity in the scale where the differential is nearly constant. We investigate a b-value dependence on the relative shear stress acting on existing fractures and show that the seismicity occurring along existing fractures with high shear stress have significantly lower b-values than does that associated with lower shear stress fractures. The b-value for injection induced seismicity is dependent on relative shear stress on faults. Our results provide a novel physical explanation for the b-value variations of induced seismicity.
description: 15 pages, 8 figures, Supplementary information
Η πρωτοβουλία της Κίνας για το δρόμο του μεταξιού: γεωπολιτικές και γεωοικονομικές επιπτώσεις
Creators: name: Λεοντάρα, Σταματία
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Πειραιώς
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Κίνα
subject: Δρόμος του Μεταξιού
subject: Ενέργεια
subject: Υποδομές
subject: Γεωπολιτική

description: Αυτή η εργασία αποτελεί μεταπτυχιακή διατριβή για την πρωτοβουλία του νέου Δρόμου του Μεταξιού της Κίνας, η οποία είχε αρχικά ανακοινωθεί το 2013 και αποτελεί το φιλόδοξο έργο της Κίνας με στόχο να κατευνάσει τις εσωτερικές αναταραχές της και να διεκδικήσει τη θέση της όχι μόνο ως περιφερειακός ηγεμόνας στην Ασία, αλλά και ως παγκόσμια υπερδύναμη. Σκοπός του νέου Δρόμου του Μεταξιού είναι η εκτέλεση έργων υποδομής για τη διασφάλιση των διασυνδέσεων και αποτελείται από δύο μέρη, την Οικονομική Ζώνη και το Θαλάσσιο Δρόμο. Η φύση του νέου Δρόμου του Μεταξιού είναι εγγενώς ευπροσάρμοστη ώστε να περιλαμβάνει όσο το δυνατόν περισσότερες χώρες και έργα. Αυτή η διατριβή εξετάζει την προέλευση του νέου Δρόμου του Μεταξιού υπό το πρίσμα της ιστορίας και της γεωγραφίας της Κίνας και της προσωπικότητας του σημερινού κεντρικού ηγέτη της, δηλαδή του Προέδρου Xi Jinping. Επικεντρώνεται περαιτέρω στους πολύπλευρους στόχους της Πρωτοβουλίας, οικονομικούς και γεωπολιτικούς, εσωτερικούς και διεθνείς. Η Κίνα προωθεί προσεκτικά την Πρωτοβουλία, διαβεβαιώνοντας όλες τις συμμετέχουσες χώρες ότι πρόκειται για μία συνεργασία που θα αποφέρει αμοιβαία οφέλη. Η Κίνα, επίσης, ισχυρίζεται ότι το πεδίο εφαρμογής και τα κριτήρια της Πρωτοβουλίας είναι καθαρά οικονομικά, επιβεβαιώνοντας έτσι την προσήλωση της χώρας στην αρχή της ειρηνικής ανάπτυξης και απορρίπτοντας οποιεσδήποτε υπόνοιες επεκτατισμού. Ωστόσο, οι γεωπολιτικές και γεωοικονομικές επιπτώσεις της Πρωτοβουλίας δεν μπορούν να παραβλεφθούν από άλλες χώρες, ειδικά από τους μεγαλύτερους παίκτες όπως οι ΗΠΑ, η ΕΕ και η Ρωσία. Αυτή η διατριβή έχει ως στόχο να επιτύχει μια βαθύτερη και πληρέστερη κατανόηση των αντιδράσεων και των ανησυχιών τους έναντι της Πρωτοβουλίας, καθώς και της στρατηγικής εταιρικής σχέσης μεταξύ Κίνας και Ελλάδας στο πλαίσιο του νέου Δρόμου του Μεταξιού. Η εργασία ολοκληρώνεται με μια αξιολόγηση της πορείας του νέου Δρόμου του Μεταξιού και μια αξιολόγηση του αντίκτυπου του ως είτε μίας πρωτοβουλίας που θα αλλάξει τις παγκόσμιες ισορροπίες μακροπρόθεσμα είτε ως μια μεγαλοπρεπής φαντασίωση της Κίνας που δεν μπορεί να επιτευχθεί βάσει των αντικειμενικών δυνατοτήτων της.
Οίκοι πιστοληπτικής αξιολόγησης και στρατηγική συμπεριφορά
Creators: name: Αναγνωστάκη, Μαρία
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Πειραιώς
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Οίκοι Πιστοληπτικής Αξιολόγησης
subject: Αποτελεσματικότητα
subject: Κόστη φήμης
subject: Ανταγωνιστικότητα
subject: Μονοπώλια
subject: Δυοπώλιο
subject: Πληθωρισμός

description: Οι οίκοι πιστοληπτικής αξιολόγησης διαδραματίζουν καθοριστικό ρόλο στο παγκόσμιο χρηματοπιστωτικό σύστημα. Διαμορφώνουν θετικές ή αρνητικές επιπτώσεις στο περιβάλλον μιας επιχείρησης, ενός οργανισμού ή μιας χώρας. Η παρούσα διπλωματική διατριβή διαπραγματεύεται το θέμα των οίκων πιστοληπτικής διαβάθμισης με στόχο να προσδιορίσει τη στρατηγική συμπεριφορά που ακολουθούν προς όφελός τους. Πιο συγκεκριμένα, βασιζόμενη σε μία εκτενή βιβλιογραφία που επιδιώκει την παρουσίαση των διαφορετικών συμπεριφορών που μπορεί να προβάλει ένας οργανισμός, ποια είναι τα κίνητρά του, τι συνέπειες δημιουργούνται και κατά πόσο θα βλάψει το χρηματοοικονομικό του περιβάλλον. Ακόμη, στο πλαίσιο αυτό ερευνήθηκε το μοντέλο των Bolton Patrick, Freixas Xavier and Shapiro Joel σε δύο διαφορετικές αγορές με σκοπό την εξαγωγή συμπερασμάτων για την αποτελεσματικότητα, τα κέρδη, και τις αποδόσεις των επενδυτών. Τα συμπεράσματά μας ευθυγραμμίζονται με τα ευρήματα των συγγραφέων αναφέροντας ότι ένα μονοπώλιο είναι πιο αποτελεσματικό από ένα δυοπώλιο ως προς όλες τις μεταβλητές.
Effect of glucose and insulin supplementation on the isolation of primary human hepatocytes
Creators: name: Damm, Georg
name: Schicht, Gerda
name: Zimmermann, Andrea
name: Rennert, Christiane
name: Fischer, Nicolas
name: Kießig, Melanie
name: Wagner, Tristan
name: Kegel, Victoria
name: Seehofer, Daniel
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Human liver
subject: Primary human hepatocytes
subject: Hepatocyte isolation
subject: Hepatic energy metabolism
subject: Cytochrome P450
subject: 610

description: Primary human hepatocytes (PHHs) remain the gold standard for in vitro investigations of xenobiotic metabolism and hepatotoxicity. However, scarcity of liver tissue and novel developments in liver surgery has limited the availability and quality of tissue samples. In particular, warm ischemia shifts the intracellular metabolism from aerobic to anaerobic conditions, which increases glycogenolysis, glucose depletion and energy deficiency. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate whether supplementation with glucose and insulin during PHH isolation could reconstitute intracellular glycogen storage and beneficially affect viability and functionality. Furthermore, the study elucidated whether the susceptibility of the tissue’s energy status correlates with body mass index (BMI). PHHs from 12 donors were isolated from human liver tissue obtained from partial liver resections using a two-step EDTA/collagenase perfusion technique. For a direct comparison of the influence of glucose/insulin supplementation, we modified the setup, enabling the parallel isolation of two pieces of one tissue sample with varying perfusate. Independent of the BMI of the patient, the glycogen content in liver tissue was notably low in the majority of samples. Furthermore, supplementation with glucose and insulin had no beneficial effect on the glycogen concentration of isolated PHHs. However, an indirect improvement of the availability of energy was shown by increased viability, plating efficiency and partial cellular activity after supplementation. The plating efficiency showed a striking inverse correlation with increasing lipid content of PHHs. However, 60 h of cultivation time revealed no significant impact on the maintenance of albumin and urea synthesis or xenobiotic metabolism after supplementation. In conclusion, surgical procedures and tissue handling may decrease hepatic energy resources and lead to cell stress and death. Consequently, PHHs with low energy resources die during the isolation process without supplementation of glucose/insulin or early cell culture, while their survival rates are improved with glucose/insulin supplementation.
description: EXCLI Journal;Vol. 18 2019
Off-shell higher-spin fields in $AdS_{4}$ and external currents
Creators: name: Misuna, N. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct an unfolded system for off-shell fields of arbitrary integer spin in 4d anti-de Sitter space. To this end we couple an on-shell system, encoding Fronsdal equations, to external Fronsdal currents for which we find an unfolded formulation. We present a reduction of the Fronsdal current system which brings it to the unfolded Fierz-Pauli system describing massive fields of arbitrary integer spin. Reformulating off-shell higher-spin system as the set of Schwinger-Dyson equations we compute propagators of higher-spin fields in the de Donder gauge directly from the unfolded equations. We discover operators that significantly simplify this computation, allowing a straightforward extraction of wave equations from an unfolded system.
description: 32 pages. V4: minor typos corrected; short representation-theoretic discussions of results added on pp. 10, 12, 25, 26, 29. To appear in JHEP
title: E-selectin as a prognostic factor of patients hospitalized due to acute inflammatory respiratory diseases
title: a single institutional study
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Nakano, Hiroshi
name: Inoue, Sumito
name: Shibata, Yoko
name: Abe, Koya
name: Murano, Hiroaki
name: Yang, Sujeong
name: Machida, Hiroyoshi
name: Sato, Kento
name: Sato, Chisa
name: Nemoto, Takako
name: Nishiwaki, Michiko
name: Kimura, Tomomi
name: Yamauchi, Keiko
name: Sato, Masamichi
name: Igarashi, Akira
name: Tokairin, Yoshikane
name: Watanabe, Masafumi
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Acute inflammatory respiratory disease
subject: Infectious pneumonia
subject: Interstitial pneumonia
subject: Endothelial selectin
subject: Prognosis
subject: 610

description: When examining patients with acute inflammatory respiratory diseases, it is difficult to distinguish between infectious pneumonia and interstitial pneumonia and predict patient prognosis at the beginning of treatment. In this study, we assessed whether endothelial selectin (E-selectin) predicts the outcome of patients with acute inflammatory respiratory diseases. We measured E-selectin serum levels in 101 patients who were admitted to our respiratory care unit between January 2013 and December 2013 because of acute inflammatory respiratory diseases that were eventually diagnosed as interstitial pneumonia (n = 38) and lower respiratory tract infection (n = 63). Seven of these patients (n = 101) died. The pneumonia severity score was significantly higher and the oxygen saturation of arterial blood measured by pulse oximeter (SpO2)/fraction of inspiratory oxygen (FiO2) was significantly lower in the deceased patients than in the surviving patients. There were significantly fewer peripheral lymphocytes and significantly higher E-selectin serum levels in the deceased patients than in the surviving patients. In the multiple logistic regression analysis, the E-selectin serum levels and SpO2/FiO2 ratio were independent predictive factors of prognosis. The risk of death during acute respiratory disease was determined using a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. The area under the curve (AUC) was 0.871 as calculated from the ES, and the cutoff value was 6453.04 pg/ml, with a sensitivity of 1.00 and a specificity of 0.72 (p = 0.0027). E-selectin may be a useful biomarker for predicting the prognosis of patients with acute inflammatory respiratory diseases.
description: EXCLI Journal;Vol. 18 2019
Experimentally realizable quantum comparison of coherent states and its applications
Creators: name: Andersson, Erika
name: Curty, Marcos
name: Jex, Igor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When comparing quantum states to each other, it is possible to obtain an unambiguous answer, indicating that the states are definitely different, already after a single measurement. In this paper we investigate comparison of coherent states, which is the simplest example of quantum state comparison for continuous variables. The method we present has a high success probability, and is experimentally feasible to realize as the only required components are beam splitters and photon detectors. An easily realizable method for quantum state comparison could be important for real applications. As examples of such applications we present a "lock and key" scheme and a simple scheme for quantum public key distribution.
description: 14 pages, 5 figures, version one submitted to PRA. Version two is the final accepted version
Anomalous Dimension of Dirac's Gauge-Invariant Nonlocal Order Parameter in Ginzburg-Landau Field Theory
Creators: name: Kleinert, H.
name: Schakel, A. M. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a Ginzburg-Landau theory with $n$ fields, the anomalous dimension of the gauge-invariant nonlocal order parameter defined by the long-distance limit of Dirac's gauge-invariant two-point function is calculated. The result is exact for all $n$ to first order in $ε\equiv 4-d$, and for all $d\in (2,4)$ to first order in $1/n$, and coincides with the previously calculated gauge-dependent exponent in the Landau gauge.
description: Author Information under http://www.physik.fu-berlin.de/~kleinert/institution.html . Latest update of paper http://www.physik.fu-berlin.de/~kleinert/356
Making Use of NXt to Nothing: The Effect of Class Imbalances on DGA Detection Classifiers
Creators: name: Drichel, Arthur
name: Meyer, Ulrike
name: Schüppen, Samuel
name: Teubert, Dominik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Numerous machine learning classifiers have been proposed for binary classification of domain names as either benign or malicious, and even for multiclass classification to identify the domain generation algorithm (DGA) that generated a specific domain name. Both classification tasks have to deal with the class imbalance problem of strongly varying amounts of training samples per DGA. Currently, it is unclear whether the inclusion of DGAs for which only a few samples are known to the training sets is beneficial or harmful to the overall performance of the classifiers. In this paper, we perform a comprehensive analysis of various contextless DGA classifiers, which reveals the high value of a few training samples per class for both classification tasks. We demonstrate that the classifiers are able to detect various DGAs with high probability by including the underrepresented classes which were previously hardly recognizable. Simultaneously, we show that the classifiers' detection capabilities of well represented classes do not decrease.
description: Accepted at The 15th International Conference on Availability, Reliability and Security (ARES 2020)
title: Ovariectomized rat model of osteoporosis
title: a practical guide
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Yousefzadeh, Nasibeh
name: Kashfi, Khosrow
name: Jeddi, Sajad
name: Ghasemi, Asghar
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Animal model
subject: Bone
subject: Osteoporosis
subject: Ovariectomy
subject: Rat
subject: 610

description: Osteoporosis affects about 200 million people worldwide and is a silent disease until a fracture occurs. Management of osteoporosis is still a challenge that warrants further studies for establishing new prevention strategies and more effective treatment modalities. For this purpose, animal models of osteoporosis are appropriate tools, of which the ovariectomized rat model is the most commonly used. The aim of this study is to provide a 4-step guideline for inducing a rat model of osteoporosis by ovariectomy (OVX): (1) selection of the rat strain, (2) choosing the appropriate age of rats at the time of OVX, (3) selection of an appropriate surgical method and verification of OVX, and (4) evaluation of OVX-induced osteoporosis. This review of literature shows that (i) Sprague-Dawley and Wistar rats are the most common strains used, both responding similarly to OVX; (ii) six months of age appears to be the best time for inducing OVX; (iii) dorsolateral skin incision is an appropriate choice for initiating OVX; and (iv) the success of OVX can be verified 1-3 weeks after surgery, following cessation of the regular estrus cycles, decreased estradiol, progesterone, and uterine weight as well as increased LH and FSH levels. Current data shows that the responses of trabecular bones of proximal tibia, lumbar vertebrae and femur to OVX are similar to those in humans; however, for short-term studies, proximal tibia is recommended. Osteoporosis in rats is verified by lower bone mineral density and lower trabecular number and thickness as well as higher trabecular separation, changes that are observed at 14, 30, and 60 days post-OVX in proximal tibia, lumbar vertebrae and femur, respectively.
description: EXCLI Journal;Vol. 19 2020
In situ characterization of damage development in Cottonid due to quasi-static tensile loading
Creators: name: Scholz, Ronja
name: Delp, Alexander
name: Walther, Frank
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cottonid
subject: Cellulose
subject: In situ testing
subject: Scanning electron microscope
subject: Microfocus computer tomograph
subject: Quasi-static loading
subject: Microstructure
subject: Damage development
subject: Damage mechanisms
subject: Crack initiation
subject: 660
subject: Vulkanfiber
subject: Cellulose
subject: In situ
subject: Rasterelektronenmikroskop
subject: Mikrocomputertomographie
subject: Zugversuch
subject: Mikrostruktur
subject: Werkstoffschädigung
subject: Rissbildung

description: Cottonid is a layered material based 100% on cellulose that holds excellent material properties by being completely sustainable. The finite nature of petroleum-based resources nowadays makes these properties significant for technical applications again. To understand how Cottonid reacts to application-oriented mechanical loads and how it fails, development of microstructural damage on the surface and in the volume of Cottonid was studied using innovative in situ testing techniques for the first time. Quasi-static tensile tests were comparatively performed in a scanning electron microscope as well as a microfocus computer tomograph, and the development of defects present in the initial condition of the material was investigated. In the elastic region, no visible damage initiation on the surface and a decrease of overall void volume within the gauge length could be detected. When reaching the yield strength, crack initiation on the surface starts at critical areas, like pores and microcracks, which propagation and assembly could be visualized via scanning electron micrographs. In the plastic region, an increase in void volume could be shown in the gauge length until final failure of the specimen. Innovative material testing techniques presented in this study support lifetime estimation in technical applications and understanding of process–structure–property relations. Particularly, characterization of microstructural damage development due to a mechanical load, which leads to final failure of the specimen, is essential to be able to create material models for lifetime prediction in respect to variable manufacturing or application parameters.
description: Materials;13(9)
Crystal structure of the coordination polymer catena-poly[[[(acetonitrile-κN)copper(I)]-μ3-1,3-dithiolane-κ3S:S:S′] hexafluoridophosphate]
Creators: name: Knauer, Lena
name: Knorr, Michael
name: Viau, Lydie
name: Strohmann, Carsten
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Crystal structure
subject: Copper complex
subject: Coordination polymer
subject: Thio­ether
subject: C—H...F hydrogen bonding
subject: 540

description: The polymeric title compound, [Cu2(C2H3N)2(C3H6S2)2](PF6)2, represents an example of a one-dimensional coordination polymer resulting from the reaction of [Cu(MeCN)4][PF6] with 1,3-di­thiol­ane. The cationic one-dimensional ribbon consists of two copper(I) centers each ligated by one aceto­nitrile mol­ecule and inter­connected through two bridging 1,3-di­thiol­ane ligands. One S-donor site of each ligand is κ1-bound to Cu, whereas the second S atom acts as a four-electron donor, bridging two Cu atoms in a κ4-bonding mode. The positive charge of each copper cation is compensated for by a hexa­fluorido­phosphate counter-ion. In the crystal, the polymer chains are linked by a series of C—H...F hydrogen bonds, forming a supra­molecular framework
description: Acta Acta crystallographica / IUC, International Union of Crystallography. Section E, Crystallographic communications;(2020). E76, 38-41
Η επιρροή της κουλτούρας στο διαπραγματευτικό στυλ των χωρών: οι περιπτώσεις της Πορτογαλίας και της Βραζιλίας
Creators: name: Γαβότσης, Ειρηνόφιλος
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Πειραιώς
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Διαπραγματεύσεις
subject: Κουλτούρα
subject: Πορτογαλία
subject: Βραζιλία

description: Σκοπός της παρούσας διατριβής είναι να αναδείξει όλα εκείνα τα ιδιαίτερα στοιχεία της εθνικής κουλτούρας, που καθιστούν κάθε χώρα ξεχωριστή από τις υπόλοιπες, αλλά και να εξηγήσει πως τα στοιχεία αυτά μπορούν να επηρεάσουν το στύλ, αλλά και τον ρυθμό των διαπραγματεύσεων. Για την επίτευξη του σκοπού αυτού, έγινε μελέτη και καταγραφή της προ υπάρχουσας βιβλιογραφίας αλλά και αρθρογραφίας. Αναλύθηκε ο ορισμός της διαπραγμάτευσης αλλά και της κουλτούρας. Καταγράφηκαν τα στοιχεία αλλά και τα είδη της κουλτούρας. Έγινε αναφορά στο πως η κουλτούρα επηρεάζει τις διαπραγματεύσεις αλλά και εκτενής αναφορά στις διαστάσεις της κουλτούρας. Ιδιαίτερη μνεία έγινε επίσης στον παράγοντα της πολιτιστικής νοημοσύνης. Η βιβλιογραφική ανασκόπηση έκλεισε με τους τρόπους που μπορούν να χρησιμοποιηθούν για να ξεπεραστεί το χάσμα της κουλτούρας. Εν συνεχεία έγινε εφαρμογή των δεδομένων αυτών στις επιλεγμένες χώρες. Οι χώρες που επιλέχθηκαν είναι η Πορτογαλία και η Βραζιλία, χώρες με ισχυρούς δεσμούς αλλά και αντιθέσεις. Μετά έγινε καταγραφή των διαστάσεων της κουλτούρας ,αλλά και του διαπραγματευτικού στύλ κάθε χώρας και δημιουργήθηκε ένας διαπραγματευτής οδηγός. Εκτός την καταγραφή, έγινε και σύγκριση των διαστάσεων και του διαπραγματευτικού στύλ των δύο χωρών. Τέλος έγινε ή εξαγωγή των συμπερασμάτων της έρευνας.
Formation of charmonium states in heavy ion collisions and thermalization of charm
Creators: name: Thews, R. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the possibility to utilize in-medium charmonium formation in heavy ion interactions at collider energy as a probe of the properties of the medium. This is possible because the formation process involves recombination of charm quarks which imprints a signal on the resulting normalized transverse momentum distribution containing information about the momentum distribution of the quarks. We have contrasted the transverse momentum spectra of J/Psi, characterized by , which result from the formation process in which the charm quark distributions are taken at opposite limits with regard to thermalization in the medium. The first uses charm quark distributions unchanged from their initial production in a pQCD process, appropriate if their interaction with the medium is negligible. The second uses charm quark distributions which are in complete thermal equilibrium with the transversely expanding medium, appropriate if a very strong interaction between charm quarks and medium exists. We find that the resulting of the formed J/Psi should allow one to differentiate between these extremes, and that this differentiation is not sensitive to variations in the detailed dynamics of in-medium formation. We include a comparison of predictions of this model with preliminary PHENIX measurements, which indicates compatibility with a substantial fraction of in-medium formation.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures, based on presentation at the Workshop on Quark-Gluon-Plasma Thermalization (QGPTH05), Vienna, Austria, August 10-12, 2005. To be published in the proceedings. Two figures and 3 references updated
Εφαρμογή του gamification στην εκπαιδευτική διαδικασία μέσω παιχνιδοποιημένου σεναρίου για την αύξηση κινήτρων των μαθητών
Creators: name: Ουσταμπασίδης, Κωνσταντίνος
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Πειραιώς
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Gamification
subject: Θεωρία SDT
subject: Θεωρία κινήτρων ARCS του Keller (1979)
subject: Εκπαιδευτικό λογισμικό

description: Σκοπός της παρούσας εργασίας είναι η ανάλυση των κινήτρων των μαθητών κατά την εφαρμογή του gamification. Το gamification συνδυάζει τα χαρακτηριστικά του παιχνιδιού, τους μηχανισμούς, τη δυναμική και την αισθητική του, προκειμένου να αυξήσει το κίνητρο, την εμπλοκή, καθώς και την κριτική σκέψη των μαθητών στην εκπαιδευτική διαδικασία. Γι’ αυτό το λόγο, εφαρμόστηκε στην εκπαιδευτική διαδικασία η εισαγωγή του εκπαιδευτικού λογισμικού «Ο Ξεφτέρης στην Ολυμπία», προκειμένου να αναλυθεί το ποσοστό αύξησης των κινήτρων των μαθητών και το είδος των κινήτρων που αναπτύχθηκαν. Μέσα ερμηνείας των αποτελεσμάτων της έρευνας αποτέλεσαν δύο βασικές θεωρίες κινήτρων, εκείνη του αυτοπροσδιορισμού (SDT) και εκείνη του ARCS Model του Keller. Έτσι, εξετάστηκαν στις απαντήσεις των μαθητών οι ψυχολογικές ανάγκες του αυτοπροσδιορισμού (αυτονομία, ικανότητα, σχετικότητα) και οι τέσσερεις θεμελιώδεις παράγοντες του ARCS Model (προσοχή, συνάφεια, εμπιστοσύνη, ικανοποίηση). Η παραπάνω ερμηνεία κατέστη σημαντική γιατί έδειξε ποια συγκεκριμένα γνωστικά και ψυχολογικά χαρακτηριστικά που συνδέονται με τα κίνητρα ενισχύθηκαν. Έτσι, παρατηρήθηκε ότι τα κίνητρα και η εμπλοκή των μαθητών αυξήθηκαν μεν, χωρίς μεγάλη ποσοτική αύξηση. Αυτό μπορεί να οφείλεται στην προσωπικότητα, το φύλο, τις αυξημένες προσδοκίες των μαθητών και τη θεματολογία του εκπαιδευτικού λογισμικού. Ιδιαίτερα αυξημένοι εμφανίστηκαν οι ψυχολογικές ανάγκες της αυτονομίας και της ικανότητας κατά την SDT θεωρία, καθώς και ο παράγοντας της ικανοποίησης κατά τον Keller. Επιπλέον, η έρευνα απέδειξε πως το είδος των κινήτρων που ενισχύθηκαν μέσω του συγκεκριμένου εκπαιδευτικού λογισμικού είναι κυρίως τα εσωτερικά έναντι των εξωτερικών.