Turonychus Derkarabetian, Prieto and Giribet 2021, gen. nov.
Creators: name: Derkarabetian, Shahan
name: Baker, Caitlin M.
name: Hedin, Marshal
name: Prieto, Carlos E.
name: Giribet, Gonzalo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Opiliones
Triaenonychidae
Turonychus

description: Genus <i>Turonychus</i> Derkarabetian, Prieto and Giribet, gen. nov. (Fig. 7 <i>B</i>, 9, 10) ZooBank LSID: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: A8BBEC1D-7252-4F82-ADF9-7A0816D28080 <i>Type species</i>: <i>Turonychus fadriquei</i> Derkarabetian, Prieto &amp; Giribet, sp. nov., by monotypy. <i>Diagnosis</i> This genus can be distinguished from all other Buemarinoidae species based on the number of tarsal segments of leg I: <i>Turonychus</i> has 4+ segments whereas all others have three. Additionally, <i>Turonychus</i> can be distinguished from <i>Buemarinoa</i> by the number of spines on the retrolateral surface of the pedipalp tibia: <i>Turonychus</i> has two spines, whereas <i>Buemarinoa</i> has three (Fig. 9 <i>B</i>). The type locality of <i>Turonychus</i> is in the Levantine region of Spain, ~ 300 km south of the Pyrenees Mountains, a region with a broad distribution of Travunioidea with many local cave-obligate species. <i>Turonychus</i> can be diagnosed from Travunioidea based on male genitalia, as noted for the family above (Fig. 7 <i>B</i>). <i>Description</i> Troglomorphic species with unpigmented and uniformly granulated body (Fig. 9 <i>A</i>). Eye mound highly reduced in size, smooth, rising from the anterior margin of the carapace (Fig. 9 <i>A</i>, 10 <i>A</i>, <i>B</i>), eyes and retinae completely lacking. Dorsal scutum outline Eta H of Kury and Medrano (2016) (Fig. 9 <i>A</i>, 10 <i>A</i>). Sternum thin and elongate (Fig. 10 <i>C</i>). Genital operculum wide, bearing small tubercles (Fig. 10 <i>C</i>). Pedipalps thin, elongate, lacking pigment, with elongate spines bearing setae (Fig. 9 <i>B</i>, 10 <i>E</i>, <i>F</i>). Legs extremely long, thin, lacking pigment. Tarsal formula: 4 <i>–</i> 5,13 <i>–</i> 15,4,4. Penis with ventral plate modified into two elongate articulated lobes each of which have two superior and three inferior spines (Fig. 7 <i>B</i>). <i>Comments</i> We describe <i>Turonychus</i> as a new genus, as opposed to a second species of <i>Buemarinoa</i>, as it differs from the latter in multiple morphological characters noted above. Other differences may become more apparent with additional specimens of <i>Buemarinoa</i> (e.g. spine-bearing tubercles at lateral margins of scutal segments). Additionally, the divergence between these two genera is likely ancient, as Sardinia began separating from the mainland (now the north-eastern part of the Iberian Peninsula) beginning ~30 MA (Schettino and Turco 2006). <i>Etymology</i> The genus prefix is derived from the demonym for the province of Teruel (‘turolense’) where the type locality is found, and the suffix is derived from Latin <i>onyx</i> and Ancient Greek <i>ó</i> ’ <b>n</b> <i>u</i> <b>j</b> (<i>ónux</i>) meaning ‘claw’, a common suffix applied to many travunioid and triaenonychoid genera. The prefix turol- may be more accurate; however we prefer tur- as it is more euphonious.
description: Published as part of <i>Derkarabetian, Shahan, Baker, Caitlin M., Hedin, Marshal, Prieto, Carlos E. &amp; Giribet, Gonzalo, 2021, Phylogenomic re-evaluation of Triaenonychoidea (Opiliones: Laniatores), and systematics of Triaenonychidae, including new families, genera and species, pp. 277-288 in Invertebrate Systematics 167 (1)</i> on page 145, DOI: 10.1071/is20047, http://zenodo.org/record/4531309
description: {"references": ["Kury, A. B., and Medrano, M. (2016). Review of terminology for the outline of dorsal scutum in Laniatores (Arachnida, Opiliones). Zootaxa 4097, 130 - 134. doi: 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4097.1.9", "Schettino, A., and Turco, E. (2006). Plate kinematics of the Western Mediterranean region during the Oligocene and Early Miocene. Geophysical Journal International 166 (3), 1398 - 1423. doi: 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 246 X. 2006.02997. x"]}