cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Linguistic Diversity, Multilingualism, and Cognitive Skills: A Study of Disadvantaged Children in India
Creators: name: Tsimpli
name: Vogelzang
name: Balasubramanian
name: Marinis
name: Alladi
name: Reddy
name: Panda
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: bilingualism
linguistic diversity
cognition
working memory
fluid intelligence
disadvantaged contexts
socio-economic status

description: Multilingualism and linguistic diversity are the norm in India. Although studies have shown a relation between bilingualism and cognitive gains, linguistic diversity has so far been ignored as a potential factor affecting cognitive skills. This study aims to fill this gap by examining how cognitive skills—as measured by the n-back and Raven’s Colored Progressive Matrices tasks—are affected by multilingualism and/or sociolinguistic diversity in a large cohort of socioeconomically disadvantaged primary school children in two urban sites of India: Delhi and Hyderabad. We present a questionnaire estimating sociolinguistic diversity and show that this measure assesses a distinct construct, as compared to a child’s multilingualism. Children were classified as growing up monolingually or bilingually, depending on whether they grew up with one or more languages in the home. Regarding cognitive performance, bilinguals were found to outperform monolinguals on the n-back task, as well as on the Raven’s task. In addition, a socially and linguistically diverse environment seems to enhance cognitive performance for children who are not multilingual themselves. Finally, several contextual factors such as city were found to influence cognitive performance. Overall, this shows that cognitive tasks are subject to contextual effects and that bilingualism and linguistic diversity can enhance cognitive performance of children in disadvantaged contexts.
Discrete charge patterns, Coulomb correlations and interactions in protein solutions
Creators: name: Allahyarov, E.
name: Löwen, H.
name: Louis, A. A.
name: Hansen, J. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantitative Biology (q-bio)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The effective Coulomb interaction between globular proteins is calculated as a function of monovalent salt concentration $c_s$, by explicit Molecular Dynamics simulations of pairs of model proteins in the presence of microscopic co and counterions. For discrete charge patterns of monovalent sites on the surface, the resulting osmotic virial coefficient $B_2$ is found to be a strikingly non-monotonic function of $c_s$. The non-monotonicity follows from a subtle Coulomb correlation effect which is completely missed by conventional non-linear Poisson-Boltzmann theory and explains various experimental findings.
description: 4 twocolumn pages with 4 figures
Annual Land Utilization Survey (ALUS): Design and Methodology
Creators: name: Sang, Hailin
name: Arroway, Pam
name: Lopiano, Kenneth K.
name: Abreu, Denise A.
name: Lamas, Andrea C.
name: Young, Linda J.
name: Sang, Hailin
name: Arroway, Pam
name: Lopiano, Kenneth K.
name: Abreu, Denise A.
name: Lamas, Andrea C.
name: Young, Linda J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: three-phase sampling design estimation
subject: unbiased estimator
subject: variance estimation
subject: non-response

description: Each year, the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) publishes an estimate of the number of farms in the United States based on the June Area Survey (JAS). Independent studies showed that the JAS number of farm indications have significant undercount due to misclassification. To adjust for this undercount, a follow-on survey to the JAS called the Annual Land Utilization Survey (ALUS) has been proposed. ALUS is designed and developed based on the Farm Numbers Research Project (FNRP). NASS conducted the FNRP in the fall of 2009 (Abreu, McCarthy and Colburn, 2010). ALUS samples from all JAS segments containing any estimated or non-agricultural JAS tracts. For a selected segment, all estimated and non-agricultural JAS tracts will be re-evaluated. The collection of eligible segments in a particular year will be called the ALUS population. The sample allocation of ALUS segments to each state-stratum combination considers two factors: the proportion of the ALUS population in the stratum and the proportion of the FNRP adjustment from non-agricultural tracts in the stratum. ALUS can be treated as a second phase to the JAS. The two-phase stratified design, JAS-ALUS, can be applied to any estimate produced by the JAS. However, ALUS has non-response. In this paper, methodology for a three-phase sampling design is developed by extending the two-phase sampling design methodology proposed by Sarndal and Swensson (1987). A general sampling design is allowed in each phase; that is, the inclusion probabilities in each phase are arbitrary. The estimator is unbiased, and an unbiased estimator for the variance is provided. Here, this method is applied to the two-phase JAS-ALUS with the third phase being response/non-response.
Ecitocryptodes Seevers 1965
Creators: name: Hlaváč, Peter
name: Newton, Alfred F.
name: Maruyama, Munetoshi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Staphylinidae
Ecitocryptodes

description: Ecitocryptodes Seevers
 Ecitocryptodes Seevers, 1965: 265. Type species: Ecitocryptodes petiolatus Seevers, by original designation petiolatus Seevers, 1965: 266 (Ecytocroptodes, TL: Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; HA: Neivamyrmex hetschkoi) Distribution: Brazil
description: Published as part of Hlaváč, Peter, Newton, Alfred F. & Maruyama, Munetoshi, 2011, World catalogue of the species of the tribe Lomechusini (Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae) 3075, pp. 1-151 in Zootaxa 3075 on page 40
Lysophosphatidic Acid and Hematopoiesis: From Microenvironmental Effects to Intracellular Signaling
Creators: name: Lin, Kuan-Hung
name: Chiang, Jui-Chung
name: Ho, Ya-Hsuan
name: Yao, Chao-Ling
name: Lee, Hsinyu
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: lysophosphatidic acid
lysophosphatidic acid receptors
hematopoiesis
microenvironment
transcription factor networks
anemia

description: Vertebrate hematopoiesis is a complex physiological process that is tightly regulated by intracellular signaling and extracellular microenvironment. In recent decades, breakthroughs in lineage-tracing technologies and lipidomics have revealed the existence of numerous lipid molecules in hematopoietic microenvironment. Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), a bioactive phospholipid molecule, is one of the identified lipids that participates in hematopoiesis. LPA exhibits various physiological functions through activation of G-protein-coupled receptors. The functions of these LPARs have been widely studied in stem cells, while the roles of LPARs in hematopoietic stem cells have rarely been examined. Nonetheless, mounting evidence supports the importance of the LPA-LPAR axis in hematopoiesis. In this article, we have reviewed regulation of hematopoiesis in general and focused on the microenvironmental and intracellular effects of the LPA in hematopoiesis. Discoveries in these areas may be beneficial to our understanding of blood-related disorders, especially in the context of prevention and therapy for anemia.
Holographic fundamental matter in multilayered media
Creators: name: Gran, Ulf
name: Jokela, Niko
name: Musso, Daniele
name: Ramallo, Alfonso V.
name: Tornsö, Marcus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe a strongly coupled layered system in 3+1 dimensions by means of a top-down D-brane construction. Adjoint matter is encoded in a large-$N_c$ stack of D3-branes, while fundamental matter is confined to $(2+1)$-dimensional defects introduced by a large-$N_f$ stack of smeared D5-branes. To the anisotropic Lifshitz-like background geometry, we add a single flavor D7-brane treated in the probe limit. Such bulk setup corresponds to a partially quenched approximation for the dual field theory. The holographic model sheds light on the anisotropic physics induced by the layered structure, allowing one to disentangle flavor physics along and orthogonal to the layers as well as identifying distinct scaling laws for various dynamical quantities. We study the thermodynamics and the fluctuation spectrum with varying valence quark mass or baryon chemical potential. We also focus on the density wave propagation in both the hydrodynamic and collisionless regimes where analytic methods complement the numerics, while the latter provides the only resource to address the intermediate transition regime.
description: 62 pages, 10 figures, minor corrections after peer review
A Method for Improving List Building: Cluster Profiling
Creators: name: Cecere, Will
name: Abreu, Denise A.
name: McCarthy, Jaki
name: Jacob, Thomas
name: Cecere, Will
name: Abreu, Denise A.
name: McCarthy, Jaki
name: Jacob, Thomas
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: hierarchical clustering
subject: k-means
subject: cluster profiling
subject: dual frame

description: The National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) conducts the quinquennial Census of Agriculture in years ending in 2 and 7. Also, NASS conducts an annual area frame based survey, the June Area Survey (JAS). The census employs a dual frame: an independent list frame and the area frame component from the JAS. The JAS is used to identify farming operations missed on the list frame. In 2007, a full census questionnaire was sent to all JAS records that were not found on the census mail list. Multiple clustering techniques were used to characterize farming operations missed during the census mail list building. Hierarchical methods (average linkage, centroid, and Ward’s method) and non-hierarchical k-means clustering were used to identify groupings. Through cluster profiling, potential improvements to future list building efforts are discussed.
Polysemy and brevity versus frequency in language
Creators: name: Casas, Bernardino
name: Hernández-Fernández, Antoni
name: Català, Neus
name: Ferrer-i-Cancho, Ramon
name: Baixeries, Jaume
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The pioneering research of G. K. Zipf on the relationship between word frequency and other word features led to the formulation of various linguistic laws. The most popular is Zipf's law for word frequencies. Here we focus on two laws that have been studied less intensively: the meaning-frequency law, i.e. the tendency of more frequent words to be more polysemous, and the law of abbreviation, i.e. the tendency of more frequent words to be shorter. In a previous work, we tested the robustness of these Zipfian laws for English, roughly measuring word length in number of characters and distinguishing adult from child speech. In the present article, we extend our study to other languages (Dutch and Spanish) and introduce two additional measures of length: syllabic length and phonemic length. Our correlation analysis indicates that both the meaning-frequency law and the law of abbreviation hold overall in all the analyzed languages.
Factors Affecting Residential Satisfaction in Slum Rehabilitation Housing in Mumbai
Creators: name: Kshetrimayum, Bangkim
name: Bardhan, Ronita
name: Kubota, Tetsu
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: slum
affordable housing
residential satisfaction
rehabilitation
Mumbai

description: Affordable housing for the low-income population, who mostly live in slums, is an endemic challenge for cities in developing countries. As a remedy for the slum-free city, most of the major metropolis are resorting to slum rehabilitation housing. Rehabilitation connotes the improved quality of life that provides contentment, yet what entails residential satisfaction in such low-income situations remains a blind spot in literature. The study aims to examine the factors affecting residential satisfaction of slum rehabilitation housing in Mumbai, India. Here, the moderation effects of sociodemographic characteristics between residential satisfaction and its predictors are elaborated using a causal model. Data on residents’ perception of the residential environment were collected from 981 households in three different slum rehabilitation housing areas spatially spread across Mumbai. The causal model indicated that residential satisfaction was significantly determined by internal conditions of dwelling resulting from design, community environment and access to facilities. Gender, age, mother tongue, presence of children, senior citizens in the family, and education moderate the relationship between residential satisfaction and its predictors. The need for design and planning with the user’s perspective is highlighted to improve the quality of life.
Pairwise Tidal Equilibrium States and the Architecture of Extrasolar Planetary Systems
Creators: name: Adams, Fred C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Current observations indicate that the planet formation process often produces multiple planet systems with nearly circular orbits, regular spacing, a narrow range of inclination angles, and similar planetary masses of order $m_{\rm p}\sim10M_\oplus$. Motivated by the observational sample, this paper determines the tidal equilibrium states for this class of extrasolar planetary systems. We start by considering two planet systems with fixed orbital spacing and variable mass ratios. The basic conjecture explored in this paper is that the planet formation process will act to distribute planetary masses in order to achieve a minimum energy state. The resulting minimum energy configuration --- subject to the constraint of constant angular momentum --- corresponds to circular orbits confined to a plane, with nearly equal planetary masses (as observed). We then generalize the treatment to include multiple planet systems, where each adjacent pair of planets attains its (local) tidal equilibrium state. The properties of observed planetary systems are close to those expected from this pairwise equilibrium configuration. In contrast, observed systems do not reside in a global minimum energy state. Both the equilibrium states of this paper and observed multi-planet systems, with planets of nearly equal mass on regularly spaced orbits, have an effective surface density of the form $σ\propto r^{-2}$, much steeper than most disk models.
description: 18 pages, 5 figures, accepted to MNRAS
Adjusting the June Area Survey Estimate of the Number of U.S. Farms for Misclassification and Non-response
Creators: name: Lopiano, Kenneth K.
name: Lamas, Andrea C.
name: Abreu, Denise A.
name: Arroway, Pam
name: Young, Linda J.
name: Lopiano, Kenneth K.
name: Lamas, Andrea C.
name: Abreu, Denise A.
name: Arroway, Pam
name: Young, Linda J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: June Area Survey
subject: Misclassification
subject: Non-response
subject: Generalized Linear Models

description: Each year, the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) conducts the June Area Survey (JAS), which is based on an area frame. The JAS provides information on U.S. agriculture, including an estimate of the number of farms in the U.S. NASS also conducts the Census of Agriculture every five years in years ending in 2 and 7. The census, which uses both a list and the JAS area frame, also produces an estimate of the number of U.S. farms. In 2007, the two estimates were further apart than could be attributed to sampling error alone. Previous studies of the JAS identified misclassification of JAS sampled units as a source leading to an undercount in the number of farms in the U.S. Using data from the 2007 JAS and the 2007 Census, misclassification of tracts as agricultural or non-agricultural were identified. Research has also identified the estimation of agricultural activities for sampled tracts as another factor that contributes to the discrepancy in the JAS number of farms estimate. This research report presents methodology that adjusts for two known sources of error on the JAS: misclassification and estimation (which later will be addressed as non-response).
Functional Integral Approach in the Theory of Color Superconductivity
Creators: name: Van Hieu, Nguyen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this series of lectures we present the functional integral method for studying the superconducting pairing of quarks with the formation of the diquarks as well as the quark-antiquark pairing in dense QCD. The dynamical equations for the superconducting order parameters are the nonlinear integral equations for the composite quantum fields describing the quark-quark or quark-antiquark systems. These composite fields are the bi-local fields if the pairing is generated by the gluon exchange while for the instanton induced pairing interactions they are the local ones. The expressions of the free energy densities are derived. The binding of three quarks is also discussed.
description: 21 pages, 2 figures, Lectures at the VIth Vietnam International School in Theoretical Physics, Vung Tau, 27 December 1999 -- 08 January 2000
Gapia Blackwelder 1952
Creators: name: Hlaváč, Peter
name: Newton, Alfred F.
name: Maruyama, Munetoshi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Staphylinidae
Gapia

description: Gapia Blackwelder
 Gapia Blackwelder, 1952: 167. New name for Acanthonia Wasmann, 1916
 Gapia Blackwelder: Kistner & Jacobson, 1982 (redescription)
 Acanthonia Wasmann, 1916a: 96 [= Wasmann, 1916b: 192, NOMEN NUDUM; Wasmann, 1917: 272] (preoccupied, not Haeckel, 1881, not Popofsky, 1904). Type species: Acanthonia gigantea Wasmann, by monotypy gigantea Wasmann, 1916a: 97 [= Wasmann, 1917: 269] (Acanthonia, TL: St. Gabriel bei Stanleyville; HA: Dorylus (Anomma) nigricans wilverthi, D. (A.) nigricans burmeisteri , D. (A.) ornatus , D. (A.) rufescens), Distribution: Dem. Rep. Congo, Ruanda, Congo-Brazzaville, Angola, Ethiopia, Cameroon, Senegal, Guinea, Guinea Bissau, Tanzania, Kenya, Zambia
description: Published as part of Hlaváč, Peter, Newton, Alfred F. & Maruyama, Munetoshi, 2011, World catalogue of the species of the tribe Lomechusini (Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae) 3075, pp. 1-151 in Zootaxa 3075 on page 44
National Agricultural Statistics Service: Research and Perspective on the Use of Previously Reported Data During Data Collection
Creators: name: Gerling, Michael W.
name: Tran, HoaiNam N.
name: Gerling, Michael W.
name: Tran, HoaiNam N.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Agriculture
subject: Data Collection
subject: Previously Reported Data
subject: Surveys

description: The National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) surveys farmers and ranchers across the United States and Puerto Rico in order to estimate crop production and number of livestock, to assess production practices, and to identify economic trends. This report is a culmination of NASS research over the years on the use of previously reported data (PRD) in an attempt to improve the data collected.
Additional file 2 of Long-read-based human genomic structural variation detection with cuteSV
Creators: name: Jiang, Tao
name: Liu, Yongzhuang
name: Jiang, Yue
name: Li, Junyi
name: Gao, Yan
name: Cui, Zhe
name: Liu, Yadong
name: Liu, Bo
name: Wang, Yadong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Virology

description: Additional file 2. Review history.
Effect of Grain Orientation and Local Strains on Void Growth and Coalescence in Titanium
Creators: name: Pushkareva, Marina
name: Sket, Federico
name: Segurado, Javier
name: Llorca, Javier
name: Yandouzi, Mohammed
name: Weck, Arnaud
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ductile fracture has been extensively studied in metals with weak mechanical anisotropy such as copper and aluminum. The fracture of more anisotropic metals, especially those with a hexagonal crystal structure (e.g. titanium), remains far less understood. This paper investigates the ductile fracture process in commercially pure titanium (CP-Ti) with particular emphasis on the influence of grain orientation and local state of strain on void growth. An experimental approach was developed to directly relate the growth of a void in three dimensions to its underlying grain orientation. Grain orientation was obtained by electron back scattered diffraction on void-containing CP-Ti sheets prior to their diffusion bonding. Changes in void dimensions were measured during in-situ straining within an x-ray tomography system. The strong influence of the embedded grain orientation and that of its neighbors on void growth rate and coalescence has been experimentally quantified. Finite element crystal plasticity simulations that take into account both grain orientation and the local strain state were found to predict the experimental void growth. Grains where basal slip dominates show the largest void growth rates because they are closer to a plane strain condition that favors void growth and coalescence.
Impact of Chronic Fetal Hypoxia and Inflammation on Cardiac Pacemaker Cell Development
Creators: name: Frasch, Martin G.
name: Giussani, Dino A.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: intrinsic heart rate variability
iHRV
fetal programming
cardiac development
sinus node

description: Chronic fetal hypoxia and infection are examples of adverse conditions during complicated pregnancy, which impact cardiac myogenesis and increase the lifetime risk of heart disease. However, the effects that chronic hypoxic or inflammatory environments exert on cardiac pacemaker cells are poorly understood. Here, we review the current evidence and novel avenues of bench-to-bed research in this field of perinatal cardiogenesis as well as its translational significance for early detection of future risk for cardiovascular disease.
Discovery of new chromen-4-one derivatives as telomerase inhibitors through regulating expression of dyskerin
Creators: name: Wang, Jie Quan
name: Di Yang, Meng
name: Chen, Xing
name: Wang, Yang
name: Chen, Liu Zeng
name: Cheng, Xiu
name: Liu, Xin Hua
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biochemistry
Cell Biology
Molecular Biology
Pharmacology
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Information Systems not elsewhere classified
Cancer
Hematology

description: A series of new trimethoxyphenyl-4H-chromen derivatives as telomerase inhibitors through regulation dyskerin were designed and synthesised. The anticancer activity assay in vitro showed that compound 5i 3-(4-(4-isonicotinoylpiperazin-1-yl)butoxy)-5,7-dimethoxy-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one exhibited high activity against Hela, SMMC-7721, SGC-7901, U87 and HepG2 cell lines. Compound 5i also showed potent inhibitory activity against telomerase. The further results confirmed this title compound could significantly improve pathological changes induced rat hepatic tumor in vivo. Preliminary mechanisms showed that compound 5i inhibited telomerase activity through decrease expression of dyskerin.
Item Response Rates for the Agricultural Resource Management Survey III in 2006 and 2007
Creators: name: Miller, Darcy
name: O'Connor, Terry P.
name: Miller, Darcy
name: O'Connor, Terry P.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: ARMS
subject: Item-Nonresponse
subject: Data Quality
subject: Missing at Random
subject: Imputation

description: Missing data exist. Mechanisms that determine nonresponse have been eluding survey methodologists for many years. Although significant improvements in survey instruments and data collection have been made, surveys are returned without full responses. NASS’s Agricultural Resource Management Survey III (ARMS III) is not immune to the missing data problem. Without adaptation to the processing and analysis of the dataset from traditional methods, the missing values leave room for bias in estimates. The amount of missing data can exacerbate the bias of estimates when analysis is carried out on only the responding observations. Recognizing this issue, the Office of Management and Budget released a threshold of seventy percent response rate by item in the Standards and Guidelines for Statistical Surveys. Items that do not perform at this level should be investigated to determine if the items in violation are missing at random. Data that are missing at random can be analyzed without external information about the mechanism that causes those values to be missing. For the general questionnaire versions of ARMS III in 2006 and 2007, the performance based on the item response rate and change rate for each item was assessed. Overall, the ARMS III survey performs well; few items had lower item response rates than the threshold set by OMB guidelines. However, most of the problematic items appear consistently over the two years, warranting further investigation into survey design and implementation as well the structure of the missing data.
A Multi-Species Asymmetric Exclusion Model with an Impurity
Creators: name: Jafarpour, Farhad H
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A multi-species generalization of the Asymmetric Simple Exclusion Process (ASEP) has been considered in the presence of a single impurity on a ring. The model describes particles hopping in one direction with stochastic dynamics and hard core exclusion condition. The ordinary particles hop forward with their characteristic hopping rates and fast particles can overtake slow ones with a relative rate. The impurity, which is the slowest particle in the ensemble of particles on the ring, hops in the same direction of the ordinary particles with its intrinsic hopping rate and can be overtaken by ordinary particles with a rate which is not necessarily a relative rate. We will show that the phase diagram of the model can be obtained exactly. It turns out that the phase structure of the model depends on the density distribution function of the ordinary particles on the ring so that it can have either four phases or only one. The mean speed of impurity and also the total current of the ordinary particles are explicitly calculated in each phase. Using Monte Carlo simulation, the density profile of the ordinary particles is also obtained. The simulation data confirm all of the analytical calculations.
description: 20 pages,10 EPS figures; to appear in Physica A
Infrastructure maintenance and replacement optimization under multiple uncertainties and managerial flexibility
Creators: name: Boomen, Martine Van Den
name: Spaan, Matthijs T. J.
name: Shang, Yue
name: A. R. M. Wolfert
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Infrastructure maintenance and replacement decisions are subject to uncertainties such as regular asset degradation, structural failure, and price uncertainty. In the engineering domain, Markov Decision Processes (MDPs) typically focus on uncertainties regarding asset degradation and structural failure. While the literature in the engineering domain stresses the importance of addressing price uncertainties, it does not substantiate the observations of such uncertainties through optimization modeling. By contrast, real option analyses (ROAs) that originate from the financial domain address price uncertainties but generally disregard asset degradation and structural failure. Accordingly, this piece of current research brings both domains closer together and proposes an optimization approach that incorporates the flexibility to choose between multiple successive intervention strategies, regular asset degradation, structural failure and multiple price uncertainties. A practical result of the current research is a realistic approach to optimization modeling in which state space reduction is achieved by combining prices into portfolios. The current research obtains transition probabilities from existing price data. This approach is demonstrated using a case study of a water authority in the Netherlands and confirms the premise that price fluctuations may influence short-term maintenance and replacement decisions.
CONSUMER PERCEPTIONS AND WILLINGNESS-TO-PAY FOR NANOTECHNOLOGY APPLICATIONS THAT ENHANCE FOOD SAFETY
Creators: name: Tran, Van
name: Yiannaka, Amalia
name: Giannakas, Konstantinos
name: Tran, Van
name: Yiannaka, Amalia
name: Giannakas, Konstantinos
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Food nanotechnology
subject: consumer perceptions
subject: willingness-to-pay
subject: information framings

description: A survey instrument was developed to examine the factors that shape consumers’ risks and benefits perceptions and the effects of the provision of balanced information on consumers’ willingness-to-pay (WTP) for nano-based packaging that could improve food safety. We also examine and contrast the effect of loss and gain information framings and investigate whether the framing increased acceptance and WTP by emphasizing the enhanced attributes of nanotechnology or whether it produced, instead, anxiety that spilled over to nanotechnology. The empirical findings show that, even though consumers are willing to pay a premium for nanotechnology-based packaging that improves food safety, they discount such packaging when informed that nanotechnology is used to produce it. Preference for organic production practices, concern about foodborne bacteria, involvement with the issues outlined in the survey, work status, income, race, age, number of children, trust in the food industry and political affiliation all had a statistically significant impact on WTP. In addition, the study provides evidence of positive associations between consumers’ risk tolerance of food nanotechnology and the expected probability of buying a nanofood product as well as WTP for food nanotechnology innovations. Comparisons of consumers’ WTP for the use of nanotechnology in food packaging across information treatments reveal a statistically significant negative effect of the provision of additional information, albeit a balanced one, on consumers’ WTP. In addition, the provision of gain and loss framed information reinforces the effects of balanced information on consumers’ WTP for nano-food packaging that reduces food safety risks. However, the effect of information framings on consumers’ WTP when balanced information is also provided is not statistically significant.
A New Gravitational Wave Signature of Low-$T/|W|$ Instability in Rapidly Rotating Stellar Core Collapse
Creators: name: Shibagaki, Shota
name: Kuroda, Takami
name: Kotake, Kei
name: Takiwaki, Tomoya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results from a full general relativistic three-dimensional hydrodynamics simulation of rapidly rotating core-collapse of a 70 M$_{\odot}$ star with three-flavor spectral neutrino transport. We find a strong gravitational wave (GW) emission that originates from the growth of the one- and two-armed spiral waves extending from the nascent proto-neutron star (PNS). The GW spectrogram shows several unique features that are produced by the non-axisymmetric instabilities. After bounce, the spectrogram first shows a transient quasi-periodic time modulation at $\sim$ 450 Hz. In the second active phase, it again shows the quasi-periodic modulation but with the peak frequency increasing with time, which continues until the final simulation time. From our detailed analysis, such features can be well explained by a combination of the so-called low-$T/|W|$ instability and the PNS core contraction.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS Letters
Glossodonota Pace 2009
Creators: name: Hlaváč, Peter
name: Newton, Alfred F.
name: Maruyama, Munetoshi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Staphylinidae
Glossodonota

description: Glossodonota Pace
 Glossodonota Pace, 2009c: 284. Type species: Glossodonota maxima Pace, by original designation maxima Pace, 2009c: 292 (Glossodonota, TL: Indonesia: Irian Jaya, Nabire area, road Nabire-Ilaga, km 54, 03 o 30’936’’ S 135 o 41’945’’N, 750m) Distribution: New Guinea (West Papua)
description: Published as part of Hlaváč, Peter, Newton, Alfred F. & Maruyama, Munetoshi, 2011, World catalogue of the species of the tribe Lomechusini (Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae) 3075, pp. 1-151 in Zootaxa 3075 on page 45
External Inversion, Internal Inversion, and Reflection Invariance
Creators: name: Pavsic, Matej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Having in mind that physical systems have different levels of structure we develop the concept of external, internal and total improper Lorentz transformation (space inversion and time reversal). A particle obtained from the ordinary one by the application of internal space inversion or time reversal is generally a different particle. From this point of view the intrinsic parity of a nuclear particle (`elementary particle') is in fact the external intrinsic parity, if we take into account the internal structure of a particle. We show that non-conservation of the external parity does not necessarily imply non-invariance of nature under space inversion. The conventional theory of beta-decay can be corrected by including the internal degrees of freedom to become invariant under total space inversion, though not under the external one.
description: 15 pages. An early proposal of "mirror matter", published in 1974. This is an exact copy of the published paper. I am posting it here because of the increasing interest in the "exact parity models" and its experimental consequences
Determinants of Weanling Thoroughbred Auction Prices
Creators: name: Hansen, Charlotte R.
name: Stowe, C. Jill
name: Hansen, Charlotte R.
name: Stowe, C. Jill
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Auction price
subject: Hedonic price analysis
subject: Thoroughbred industry
subject: Thoroughbred weanlings
subject: Pinhook

description: Determinants of the prices of weanling Thoroughbreds sold at the 2010 November Breeding Stock Sale at the Keeneland Association, Inc. are investigated. A cross-sectional dataset of 1,343 weanlings are used who were for sale at this auction. Weanlings, whose quality and racing potential is unknown, often have hammer prices at auctions that range from low to high prices, but this can also be reflected by the market at a given time. Even weanlings whose reserve price is not met at an auction, the highest bidding price reveals something about the market and the quality of that weanling based on certain determinants. But what determinants drive weanling prices in which they have yet to prove themselves in any way, but buyers are willing to buy at a low or a high price. By using hedonic price analysis, the determinants of weanling sales prices can be identified and the corresponding marginal values of those determinates estimated. Weanlings who have a sire that is successful in the breeding shed, and a dam that won graded races, as well as her progeny that won graded races, influence the price of a weanling positively. Results of this study aids sellers in the decision-making process of valuing their weanlings and, perhaps, deciding whether to enter them in the sale. Additionally, this information can be used to inform buyers in their ability to fairly value their purchase of a weanling.
Mechanochemical Formation of Racemic Praziquantel Hemihydrate with Improved Biopharmaceutical Properties
Creators: name: Zanolla, Debora
name: Hasa, Dritan
name: Arhangelskis, Mihails
name: Schneider-Rauber, Gabriela
name: Chierotti, Michele R.
name: Keiser, Jennifer
name: Voinovich, Dario
name: Jones, William
name: Perissutti, Beatrice
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: praziquantel
hemihydrate
mechanochemistry
neat grinding
liquid-assisted grinding
racemic compound
polymorphism
crystal structure solution

description: Praziquantel (PZQ) is the first-line drug used against schistosomiasis, one of the most common parasitic diseases in the world. A series of crystalline structures including two new polymorphs of the pure drug and a series of cocrystals of PZQ have been discovered and deposited in the Cambridge Structural Database (CSD). This work adds to the list of multicomponent forms of PZQ a relevant example of a racemic hemihydrate (PZQ-HH), obtainable from commercial PZQ (polymorphic Form A) through mechanochemistry. Noteworthy, the formation of the new hemihydrate strongly depends on the initial polymorphic form of PZQ and on the experimental conditions used. The new PZQ-HH has been fully characterized by means of HPLC, Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), Hot-Stage Microscopy (SEM), Powder X-Ray Diffraction (PXRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), FT-IR, polarimetry, solid-state NMR (SS-NMR), solubility and intrinsic dissolution rate (IDR), and in vitro tests on Schistosoma mansoni adults. The crystal structure was solved from the powder X-ray diffraction pattern and validated by periodic-DFT calculations. The new bioactive hemihydrate was physically stable for three months and showed peculiar biopharmaceutical features including enhanced solubility and a double intrinsic dissolution rate in water in comparison to the commercially available PZQ Form A.
Delayed - Choice Entanglement - Swapping with Vacuum-One Photon Quantum States
Creators: name: Sciarrino, Fabio
name: Lombardi, Egilberto
name: De Martini, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the experimental realization of a recently discovered quantum information protocol by Asher Peres implying an apparent non-local quantum mechanical retrodiction effect. The demonstration is carried out by applying a novel quantum optical method by which each singlet entangled state is physically implemented by a two-dimensional subspace of Fock states of a mode of the electromagnetic field, specifically the space spanned by the vacuum and the one photon state, along lines suggested recently by E. Knill et al., Nature 409, 46 (2001) and by M. Duan et al., Nature 414, 413 (2001). The successful implementation of the new technique is expected to play an important role in modern quantum information and communication and in EPR quantum non-locality studies.
Gramminopleurus Bernhauer 1942
Creators: name: Hlaváč, Peter
name: Newton, Alfred F.
name: Maruyama, Munetoshi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Staphylinidae
Gramminopleurus

description: Gramminopleurus Bernhauer
 Gramminopleurus Bernhauer, 1942: 372. Type species: Gramminopleurus vadoni Bernhauer, by monotypy vadoni Bernhauer, 1942: 373 (Gramminopleurus, TL: Yaoundé) Distribution: Cameroon
description: Published as part of Hlaváč, Peter, Newton, Alfred F. & Maruyama, Munetoshi, 2011, World catalogue of the species of the tribe Lomechusini (Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae) 3075, pp. 1-151 in Zootaxa 3075 on page 45
New Standard Model Vacua from Intersecting Branes
Creators: name: Kokorelis, Christos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct new D6-brane model vacua (non-supersymmetric) that have at low energy exactly the standard model spectrum (with right handed neutrinos). The minimal version of these models requires five stacks of branes. and the construction is based on D6-branes intersecting at angles in $D = 4$ type toroidal orientifolds of type I strings. Three U(1)'s become massive through their couplings to RR couplings and from the two surviving anomaly free U(1)'s, one is the standard model hypercharge generator while the extra anomaly free U(1) could be broken from its non-zero couplings to RR fields and also by triggering a vev to previously massive particles. We suggest that extra massless U(1)'s should be broken by requiring some intersection to respect N=1 supersymmetry thus supporting the appearance of massless charged singlets at the supersymmetric intersection. Proton is stable as baryon number is gauged and its anomalies are cancelled through a generalized Green-Schwarz mechanism. Neutrinos are of Dirac type with small masses, as in the four stack standard models of hep-th/0105155, as a result of the existence of a similar PQ like-symmetry. The models are unique in the sense that they predict the existence of only one supersymmetric particle, the superpartner of $ν_R$.
description: 32 pages, 1 figure, LaTex, typos corrected
Impacts of Urbanization on Costs of Production and Land Use in the Heartland, Southern Seaboard, and Prairie Gateway: A Farm-Level Analysis
Creators: name: Nehring, Richard
name: Erickson, Kenneth
name: Harris, Michael
name: Hallahan, Charlie
name: Katchova, Ani
name: Nehring, Richard
name: Erickson, Kenneth
name: Harris, Michael
name: Hallahan, Charlie
name: Katchova, Ani
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Production Economics
subject: input distance function
subject: scale efficiency
subject: stochastic production frontier
subject: technical efficiency
subject: urban-influence.

description: This study uses stochastic production frontier (SPF) methods to estimate the impact of urban influence on the cost of production for traditional corn/soybeans farms in the Heartland (excepting Missouri), the Southern Seaboard (excepting Virginia and Alabama) and the Prairie Gateway. We hypothesize that urban influence decreases the technical efficiency of these farms. Although these regions are not entirely subject to urban influence, some parts of these areas are. We find that farmers in urban-influenced locations are less technically efficient than farmers in rural locations in all three regions examined. During 2002-2014, stochastic production frontier procedures indicate that increasing urban influence leads to a significant decrease in technical efficiency. Our statistical analysis clearly bears out the refrain in popular literature that urban proximity raises the cost for, and decreases the viability of, traditional farms.
Auger-electron cascades in diamond and amorphous carbon
Creators: name: Ziaja, Beata
name: van der Spoel, David
name: Szoeke, Abraham
name: Hajdu, Janos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have analyzed the cascade of secondary electrons in diamond and amorphous carbon generated by the thermalisation of a single Auger electron. The elastic electron mean free path was calculated as a function of impact energy in the muffin-tin potential approximation. The inelastic scattering cross section and the energy loss of the electron (expressed in terms of differential inverse mean free path) were estimated from two "optical" models, that utilise the measured dielectric constants of the materials. Using these data, a Monte-Carlo model describing the time evolution of the cascade was constructed. The results show that at most around 20-40 secondary cascade electrons are released by a single Auger electron in a macroscopic sample of diamond or amorphous carbon. Consideration of the real band structure of diamond reduces this number further. The release of the cascade electrons happens within the first 100 femtoseconds after the emission of the primary Auger electron. The results have implications to planned experiments with femtosecond X-ray sources.
description: 18 pages, latex, 9 figures
Sideband ground-state cooling of graphene with Rydberg atoms via vacuum forces
Creators: name: Khan, M. Miskeen
name: Ribeiro, S.
name: Mendonça, J. T.
name: Terças, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a scheme leading to ground-state cooling of the fundamental out-of-plane (flexural) mode of a suspended graphene sheet. Our proposal exploits the coupling between a driven Rydberg atom and the graphene resonator, which is enabled by vacuum forces. Thanks to the large atomic polarizability of the Rydberg states, the Casimir-Polder force is several orders of magnitude larger than the corresponding force achieved for atoms in the ground state. By playing with the distance between the atom and the graphene membrane, we show that resolved sideband cooling is possible, bringing the occupation number of the fundamental flexural mode down to its quantum limit. Our findings are expected to motivate physical applications of graphene at extremely low temperatures.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures