cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Additional file 1 of Microbially-produced folate forms support the growth of Roseburia intestinalis but not its competitive fitness in fecal batch fermentations
Creators: name: Kundra, Palni
name: Geirnaert, Annelies
name: Pugin, Benoit
name: Plüss, Serafina
name: Kariluoto, Susanna
name: Lacroix, Christophe
name: Greppi, Anna
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Supplementary Material 1.
Core-tube morphology of multiwall carbon nanotubes
Creators: name: Sato, Motohiro
name: Shima, Hiroyuki
name: Iiboshi, Kohtaroh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The present paper investigates the cross-sectional morphology of Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes (MWNTs) restrained radially and circumferentially by an infinite surrounding elastic medium, subjected to uniform external hydrostatic pressure. In this study, a two-dimensional plane strain model is developed, assuming no variation of load and deformation along the tube axis. We find some characteristic cross-sectional shapes from the elastic buckling analysis. The effect of the surrounded elastic medium on the cross-sectional shape which occurs due to pressure buckling is focused on by the comparison with the shape for no elastic medium case in our discussion. It is suggested that in no embedded elastic medium cases, the cross-sectional shapes of inner tubes maintain circle or oval; on the other hand, an embedded medium may cause inner tube corrugation modes especially when the number of shells for MWNTs is small.
description: 7 figures, 2 figures
Additional file 12 of Neuroinflammatory responses and blood–brain barrier injury in chronic alcohol exposure: role of purinergic P2 × 7 Receptor signaling
Creators: name: Togre, Namdev S.
name: Mekala, Naveen
name: Bhoj, Priyanka S.
name: Mogadala, Nikhita
name: Winfield, Malika
name: Trivedi, Jayshil
name: Grove, Deborah
name: Kotnala, Sudhir
name: Rom, Slava
name: Sriram, Uma
name: Persidsky, Yuri
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Mental Health
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Supplementary Material 12
Deformation effect on the center-of-mass correction energy in nuclei ranging from Oxygen to Calcium
Creators: name: Peng-Wei, Zhao
name: Bao-Yuan, Sun
name: Jie, Meng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The microscopic center-of-mass (c.m.) correction energies for nuclei ranging from Oxygen to Calcium are systematically calculated by both spherical and axially deformed relativistic mean-field (RMF) models with the effective interaction PK1. The microscopic c.m. correction energies strongly depend on the isospin as well as deformation and deviate from the phenomenological ones. The deformation effect is discussed in detail by comparing the deformed with the spherical RMF calculation. It is found that the direct and exchange terms of the c.m. correction energies are strongly correlated with the density distribution of nuclei and are suppressed in the deformed case.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures, accepted by Chin.Phys.Lett
Additional file 1 of Plasticity of blood feeding behavior of Anopheles mosquitoes in Ethiopia: a systematic review
Creators: name: Ashine, Temesgen
name: Kochora, Abena
name: Shibru, Hailu
name: Bekele, Alemayehu
name: Assefa, Muluken
name: Gidisa, Bedasa
name: Negash, Nigatu
name: Weetman, David
name: Ayele, Tadesse Awoke
name: Gadisa, Endalamaw
name: Massebo, Fekadu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Databases and search engines with the respective search teams and records identified for the systematic review. Table S2. Methodological quality and bias assessment results of original studies for the systematic review of blood meal sources of Anopheles mosquitoes in Ethiopia, 1997-2024. Table S3. All eligible studies and corresponding data points retrieved for the systematic review of blood meal sources of Anopheles mosquitoes, Ethiopia, 1997–2024.
Justification for the use of Markovian Langevin statistics in the modelling of activated surface diffusion
Creators: name: Wilkinson, J.
name: Ellis, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Low temperature surface diffusion is driven by the thermally activated hopping of adatoms between adsorption sites. Helium spin-echo techniques, capable of measuring the sub-picosecond motion of individual adatoms, have enabled the bench-marking of many important adsorbate-substrate properties. The well-known Markovian Langevin equation has emerged as the standard tool for the interpretation of such experimental data, replacing adatom-substrate interactions with stochastic white noise and linear friction. However, the consequences of ignoring the colored noise spectrum and non-linearities inherent to surface systems are not known. Through the computational study of three alternative models of adatom motion, we show that the hopping rate and jump distributions of an adatom are fixed to within a few percent by the potential energy surface and a new generalized energy exchange rate parameter alone, independent of the model used. This result justifies the use of the Markovian Langevin equation, regardless of the true statistical nature of adatom forces, provided results are quoted in terms of the new energy exchange rate parameter. Moreover, numerous mechanisms for the effect of noise correlations and non-linear friction on the energy exchange rate are proposed which likely contribute to activated surface diffusion and activated processes more generally.
From "wet biology" to statistical analysis of structural features with bioinformatics tools
Creators: name: Marani, Paola <1970>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2008
Subjects: BIO/10 Biochimica

description: Many new Escherichia coli outer membrane proteins have recently been identified by proteomics techniques. However, poorly expressed proteins and proteins expressed only under certain conditions may escape detection when wild-type cells are grown under standard conditions. Here, we have taken a complementary approach where candidate outer membrane proteins have been identified by bioinformatics prediction, cloned and overexpressed, and finally localized by cell fractionation experiments.
Out of eight predicted outer membrane proteins, we have confirmed the outer membrane
localization for five—YftM, YaiO, YfaZ, CsgF, and YliI—and also provide preliminary data indicating that a sixth—YfaL—may be an outer membrane autotransporter.
Electron correlation in two-photon double ionization of helium from attosecond to FEL pulses
Creators: name: Feist, Johannes
name: Pazourek, Renate
name: Nagele, Stefan
name: Persson, Emil
name: Schneider, Barry I.
name: Collins, Lee A.
name: Burgdörfer, Joachim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the role of electron correlation in the two-photon double ionization of helium for ultrashort XUV pulses with durations ranging from a hundred attoseconds to a few femtoseconds. We perform time-dependent ab initio calculations for pulses with mean frequencies in the so-called "sequential" regime (photon energy above 54.4 eV). Electron correlation induced by the time correlation between emission events manifests itself in the angular distribution of the ejected electrons, which strongly depends on the energy sharing between them. We show that for ultrashort pulses two-photon double ionization probabilities scale non-uniformly with pulse duration depending on the energy sharing between the electrons. Most interestingly we find evidence for an interference between direct ("nonsequential") and indirect ("sequential") double photo-ionization with intermediate shake-up states, the strength of which is controlled by the pulse duration. This observation may provide a route toward measuring the pulse duration of FEL pulses.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures
Additional file 1 of “Like an umbrella, protecting me from the rain until I get to my destination”: Evaluating the implementation of a tailored primary care model for urban marginalized populations
Creators: name: Khorsand, Soha
name: Geller, Carol
name: Eyre, Alison
name: Abi Haidar, Hounaida
name: Chen, Haifeng
name: Lacombe, Corina
name: Kabir, Monisha
name: Mclellan, Andrew
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Supplementary Material 1
title: S. Clarissime Vir: Qvæ antehac partim coràm, partim per literas de augmentis artium Mathematicarum apud te executus sum, eorum summa huc ferè redit: ...
Creators: name: Anonym
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2023
Subjects: Manuscripts & rare books
Handschriften, seltene Bücher
Brief

description: Elektronische Reproduktion von: S. Clarissime Vir: Qvæ antehac partim coràm, partim per literas de augmentis artium Mathematicarum apud te executus sum, eorum summa huc ferè redit: ... - 1 gefalteter Bogen ; 4°. - 
Erschienen: [Deutschland?], [17. Jahrhundert]. - 
Standort: Universität Marburg, Universitätsbibliothek. - 
Signatur: Ms. 391. - 
Bemerkungen: Undatierter Brief eines unbekannten Absenders an einen nicht näher benannten Herrn. Titel ist Anfang des Textes. - Nr. 21 in Sammelband. - Werktitel: De augmentis artium Mathematicarum. - 

Digitalisiert 2023
title: [Observationes Cometae exartescentis Anno M DC. XVIII Circa diem Martini ]
Creators: name: Schröter, Bartholomäus
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2023
Subjects: Astronomie
Manuscripts & rare books
Handschriften, seltene Bücher

description: Elektronische Reproduktion von: [Observationes Cometae exartescentis Anno M DC. XVIII Circa diem Martini ]. [Schröter, Bartholomäus (1580-1630)]. - Zerbst [vermutlich], 1618. - 9 Bl., Latein. - 
Standort: Universität Marburg, Universitätsbibliothek. - 
Signatur: Ms. 391, 1. Handschrift. - 
Bemerkungen: Nachlass Johann Magirus. - In: Sammelband mit mathematischen und astronomischen Schriften des 17. Jh. (20 Drucke, 4 Hs.) . - Bibliographischer Nachweis: DE-611-HS-4107848, http://kalliope-verbund.info/DE-611-HS-4107848. - 

Digitalisiert 2023
Probing embryonic tissue mechanics with laser hole-drilling
Creators: name: Ma, Xiaoyan
name: Lynch, Holley E.
name: Scully, Peter C.
name: Hutson, M. Shane
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Cell Behavior (q-bio.CB)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We use laser hole-drilling to assess the mechanics of an embryonic epithelium during development - in vivo and with subcellular resolution. We ablate a subcellular cylindrical hole clean through the epithelium, and track the subsequent recoil of adjacent cells (on ms time scales). We investigate dorsal closure in the fruit fly with emphasis on apical constriction of amnioserosa cells. The mechanical behavior of this epithelium falls between that of a continuous sheet and a 2D cellular foam (a network of tensile interfaces). Tensile stress is carried both by cell-cell interfaces and by the cells' apical actin networks. Our results show that stress is slightly concentrated along interfaces (1.6-fold), but only in early closure. Furthermore, closure is marked by a decrease in the recoil power-law exponent - implying a transition to a more solid-like tissue. We use the site- and stage-dependence of the recoil kinetics to constrain how the cellular mechanics change during closure. We apply these results to test extant computational models.
description: 23 pages with 9 figures (require color)
Additional file 7 of Burden of metabolic syndrome in the global adult HIV-infected population: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Trachunthong, Deondara
name: Tipayamongkholgul, Mathuros
name: Chumseng, Suchintana
name: Darasawang, Worrayot
name: Bundhamcharoen, Kanitta
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional File 7
Climate Change and Climate Variability: A Unified Framework
Creators: name: Ghil, Michael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Climate sensitivity · Double-gyre problem · Low-frequency variability · Pullback and random attractors · Wind-driven ocean circulation
Bistability
Tipping points
Turbulence
Environment

description: Set of slides for invited talk at the 74th Annual Meeting of the APS Division of Fluid Dynamics, https://www.apsdfd2021.org/.
Filament coalescence and hub structure in MonR2: Implications to massive star and cluster formation
Creators: name: Kumar, M. S. N.
name: Arzoumanian, D.
name: Men'shchikov, A.
name: Palmeirim, P.
name: Matsumura, M.
name: Inutsuka, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Here we study the MonR2 star forming region, which has a rich network of filaments joining in a star cluster forming hub, aiming at understanding the hub structure and to examine the mass fraction residing in the hub and in the filaments, which is a key factor that influences massive star formation. We conducted a multi-scale, multi-component analysis of the Herschel column density maps (resolution of 18.2" or $\sim$0.07 pc at 830 pc) of the region using a newly developed algorithm "getsf" to identify the structural components, namely, extended cloud, filaments, and sources. We find that cascades of lower column density filaments coalesce to form higher density filaments eventually merging inside the hub (0.8 pc radius). As opposed to the previous view of the hub as a massive clump with $\sim$1 pc radius, we find it to be a network of short high-density filaments. The total mass reservoir in the MonR2 HFS (5 pc $\times$ 5 pc) is split between filaments (54%), extended cloud (37%) and sources (9%). The M/L of filaments increase from $\sim$ 10 Msun/pc at 1.5pc from the hub to $\sim$ 100 Msun/pc at its centre, while the number of filaments per annulus of 0.2pc width decreases from 20 to 2 in the same range. The observed radial column density structure of the HFS (filament component only) displays a power-law dependence of $N_{\mathrm{H}_2} \propto r^{-2.17}$ up to a radius of $\sim$2.5 pc from the central hub, resembling a global collapse of the HFS. We present a scenario where the HFS can be supported by magnetic fields which interact, merge and reorganize themselves as the filaments coalesce. In the new view of the hub as a network of high-density filaments, we suggest that only the stars located in the network can benefit from the longitudinal flows of gas to become massive, which may explain the reason for the formation of many low-mass stars in cluster centres.
description: 12 pages, 11 figures, Astronomy & Astrophysics (in press)
Inibizione selettiva del gene MYCN mediante PNA (acidi peptido nucleici) anti-gene nel rabdomiosarcoma umano
Creators: name: Purgato, Stefania <1978>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2008
Subjects: BIO/14 Farmacologia

description: MYCN oncogene amplification/expression is a feature of many childhood tumors, and some adult
tumors, and it is associated with poor prognosis. While MYC expression is ubiquitary, MYCN has a
restricted expression after birth and it is an ideal target for an effective therapy. PNAs belong to the
latest class of nucleic acid-based therapeutics, and they can bind chromosomal DNA and block gene
transcription (anti-gene activity). We have developed an anti-gene PNA that targets specifically the
MYCN gene to block its transcription. We report for the first time MYCN targeted inhibition in
Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) by the anti-MYCN-PNA in RMS cell lines (four ARMS and four
ERMS) and in a xenograft RMS mouse model. Rhabdomyosarcoma is the most common pediatric
soft-tissue sarcoma, comprising two main subgroups [Alveolar (ARMS) and Embryonal (ERMS)].
ARMS is associated with a poorer prognosis. MYCN amplification is a feature of both the ERMS
and ARMS, but the MYCN amplification and expression levels shows a significant correlation and
are greater in ARMS, in which they are associated with adverse outcome.
We found that MYCN mRNA and protein levels were higher in the four ARMS (RH30, RH4, RH28
and RMZ-RC2) than in the four ERMS (RH36, SMS-CTR, CCA and RD) cell lines. The potent
inhibition of MYCN transcription was highly specific, it did not affect the MYC expression, it was
followed by cell-growth inhibition in the RMS cell lines which correlated with the MYCN
expression rate, and it led to complete cell-growth inhibition in ARMS cells. We used a mutated-
PNA as control. MYCN silencing induced apoptosis. Global gene expression analysis (Affymetrix
microarrays) in ARMS cells treated with the anti-MYCN-PNA revealed genes specifically induced
or repressed, with both genes previously described as targets of N-myc or Myc, and new genes
undescribed as targets of N-myc or Myc (mainly involved in cell cycle, apoptosis, cell motility,
metastasis, angiogenesis and muscle development). The changes in the expression of the most
relevant genes were confirmed by Real-Time PCR and western blot, and their expression after the
MYCN silencing was evaluated in the other RMS cell lines. The in vivo study, using an ARMS
xenograft murine model evaluated by micro-PET, showed a complete elimination of the metabolic
tumor signal in most of the cases (70%) after anti-MYCN-PNA treatment (without toxicity),
whereas treatment with the mutated-PNA had no effect.
Our results strongly support the development of MYCN anti-gene therapy for the treatment of RMS,
particularly for poor prognosis ARMS, and of other MYCN-expressing tumors.
Formation of multi-planetary systems in turbulent disks
Creators: name: Rein, Hanno
name: Papaloizou, John C. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We summarize the analytic model and numerical simulations of stochastically forced planets in a turbulent disk presented in a recent paper by Rein and Papaloizou. We identify two modes of libration in systems with planets in mean motion resonance which react differently to random forces. The slow mode, which mostly corresponds to motion of the angle between the apsidal lines of the two planets, is converted to circulation more readily than the fast mode which is associated with oscillations of the semi-major axes. We therefore conclude that stochastic forcing due to disk turbulence may have played an important role in shaping the configuration of observed systems in mean motion resonance. For example, it naturally provides a mechanism for accounting for the HD128311 system for which the fast mode librates and the slow mode does not.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, 2nd Subaru International Conference on Exoplanets and Disks: Their Formation and Diversity, Keauhou - Hawaii, 9-12 March 2009
ВОПРОСЫ ОРГАНИЗАЦИИ СПОРТИВНО-МАССОВЫХ МЕРОПРИЯТИЙ В СРЕДНИХ ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНЫХ ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНЫХ УЧРЕЖДЕНИЯХ
Creators: name: Муратова, Гулнара
name: Данелян, Вагаршак
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: В статье мы предлагаем подход к организации спортивно-массовой работы в средних профессиональных учебных заведениях, а именно рассматривается роль учащихся в группе сверстников, оценивается значение спорта и физической подготовленности для формирования их волевых качеств. Акцентируется внимание на роль преподавателя, его вклад в систему обучения и воспитания. Излагаются основные положения и условия реализации программы, включающие учет: начальных навыков овладения двигательными действиями на уровне требований стандартов общего среднего и профессионального образования; мотивацию; качество материальной базы учреждений, не требующих дорогостоящего оборудования и инвентаря.
Event--related desynchronization in diffusively coupled oscillator models
Creators: name: Sheeba, Jane H.
name: Chandrasekar, V. K.
name: Lakshmanan, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We seek explanation for the neurophysiological phenomenon of event related desynchronization (ERD) by using models of diffusively coupled nonlinear oscillators. We demonstrate that when the strength of the event is sufficient, ERD is found to emerge and the accomplishment of a behavioral/functional task is determined by the nature of the desynchronized state. We illustrate the phenomenon for the case of limit cycle and chaotic systems. We numerically demonstrate the occurrence of ERD and provide analytical explanation. We also discuss possible applications of the observed phenomenon in real physical systems other than the brain.
description: Accepted in Physical Review Letters
Duality, generalized global symmetries and jet space isometries
Creators: name: Chatzistavrakidis, Athanasios
name: Karagiannis, Georgios
name: Ranjbar, Arash
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit universal features of duality in linear and nonlinear relativistic scalar and Abelian 1-form theories with single or multiple fields, which exhibit ordinary or generalized global symmetries. We show that such global symmetries can be interpreted as generalized Killing isometries on a suitable, possibly graded, target space of fields or its jet space when the theory contains higher derivatives. This is realized via a generalized sigma model perspective motivated from the fact that higher spin particles can be Nambu-Goldstone bosons of spontaneously broken generalized global symmetries. We work out in detail the 2D examples of a compact scalar and the massless Heisenberg pion fireball model and the 4D examples of Maxwell, Born-Infeld and ModMax electrodynamics. In all cases we identify the 't Hooft anomaly that obstructs the simultaneous gauging of both global symmetries and confirm the anomaly matching under duality. These results readily generalize to higher gauge theories for p-forms. For multifield theories we discuss the transformation of couplings under duality as two sets of Buscher rules for even or odd differential forms.
description: Contribution to the Universe special issue "Dualities and Geometry", v2: extra discussion added
R code to estimate association between genetic risk score and COVID-19 outcomes
Creators: name: Damask, Amy
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: R script that exemplifies how genetic risk score analyses were performed in Horowitz et al. 2021 Genome-wide analysis provides genetic evidence that ACE2 expression influences COVID-19 risk and yields risk scores associated with severe disease. Nature Genetics (in press)
Windmills of the minds: an algorithm for Fermat's Two Squares Theorem
Creators: name: Chan, Hing Lun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: I.2.3
subject: 68V15

description: The two squares theorem of Fermat is a gem in number theory, with a spectacular one-sentence "proof from the Book". Here is a formalisation of this proof, with an interpretation using windmill patterns. The theory behind involves involutions on a finite set, especially the parity of the number of fixed points in the involutions. Starting as an existence proof that is non-constructive, there is an ingenious way to turn it into a constructive one. This gives an algorithm to compute the two squares by iterating the two involutions alternatively from a known fixed point.
description: 14 pages, 6 tables, 10 figures. In Proceedings of the 11th ACM SIGPLAN International Conference on Certified Programs and Proofs (CPP 2022), January 17-18, 2022, Philadelphia, PA, USA
Understanding Distributed Tutorship in Online Language Tutoring
Creators: name: Xia, Meng
name: Zhao, Yankun
name: Erol, Mehmet Hamza
name: Hong, Jihyeong
name: Kim, Juho
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: With the rise of the gig economy, online language tutoring platforms are becoming increasingly popular. They provide temporary and flexible jobs for native speakers as tutors and allow language learners to have one-on-one speaking practices on demand. However, the lack of stable relationships hinders tutors and learners from building long-term trust. "Distributed tutorship" -- temporally discontinuous learning experience with different tutors -- has been underexplored yet has many implications for modern learning platforms. In this paper, we analyzed tutorship sequences of 15,959 learners and found that around 40% of learners change to new tutors every session; 44% learners change to new tutors while reverting to previous tutors sometimes; only 16% learners change to new tutors and then fix on one tutor. We also found suggestive evidence that higher distributedness -- higher diversity and lower continuity in tutorship -- is correlated to slower improvements in speaking performance scores with a similar number of sessions. We further surveyed 519 and interviewed 40 learners and found that more learners preferred fixed tutorship while some do not have it due to various reasons. Finally, we conducted semi-structured interviews with three tutors and one product manager to discuss the implications for improving the continuity in learning under distributed tutorship.
description: Accepted as a full paper in the 12th International Conference on Learning Analytics and Knowledge (LAK '22)
MPEC 2023-K189 : 2023 KL4
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 KL4

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Radiation reaction and limiting acceleration
Creators: name: Price, Will
name: Formanek, Martin
name: Rafelski, Johann
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the strong acceleration properties of the radiation reaction force and identify a new and promising limiting acceleration feature in the Eliezer-Ford-O'Connell model; in the strong field regime, for many field configurations, we find an upper limit to acceleration resulting in a bound to the rate of radiation emission. If this model applies, strongly accelerated particles are losing energy at a much slower pace than predicted by the usual radiation reaction benchmark, the Landau-Lifshitz equation, which certainly cannot be used in this regime. We explore examples involving various "constant" electromagnetic field configurations and study particle motion in a light plane wave as well as in a material medium.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures, 1 table
Quantitative analysis of single particle trajectories: mean maximal excursion method
Creators: name: Tejedor, Vincent
name: Benichou, Olivier
name: Voituriez, Raphael
name: Jungmann, Ralf
name: Simmel, Friedrich
name: Selhuber-Unkel, Christine
name: Oddershede, Lene B.
name: Metzler, Ralf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An increasing number of experimental studies employ single particle tracking to probe the physical environment in complex systems. We here propose and discuss new methods to analyze the time series of the particle traces, in particular, for subdiffusion phenomena. We discuss the statistical properties of mean maximal excursions, i.e., the maximal distance covered by a test particle up to time t. Compared to traditional methods focusing on the mean squared displacement we show that the mean maximal excursion analysis performs better in the determination of the anomalous diffusion exponent. We also demonstrate that combination of regular moments with moments of the mean maximal excursion method provides additional criteria to determine the exact physical nature of the underlying stochastic subdiffusion processes. We put the methods to test using experimental data as well as simulated time series from different models for normal and anomalous dynamics, such as diffusion on fractals, continuous time random walks, and fractional Brownian motion.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures, 2 tables. NB: Supplementary material may be found in the downloadable source files
The CoRoT target HD 49933: 1- Role of the metal abundance
Creators: name: Samadi, R.
name: Ludwig, H. -G.
name: Belkacem, K.
name: Goupil, M. J.
name: Dupret, M. -A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Solar-like oscillations are stochastically excited by turbulent convection at the surface layers of the stars. We study the role of the surface metal abundance on the efficiency of the stochastic driving in the case of the CoRoT target HD 49933. We compute two 3D hydrodynamical simulations representative -- in effective temperature and gravity -- of the surface layers of the CoRoT target HD 49933, a star that is rather metal poor and significantly hotter compared to the Sun. One 3D simulation has a solar metal abundance and the other has a surface iron-to-hydrogen, [Fe/H], abundance ten times smaller. For each 3D simulation we match an associated global 1D model and we compute the associated acoustic modes using a theoretical model of stochastic excitation validated in the case of the Sun and Alpha Cen A. The rate at which energy is supplied per unit time into the acoustic modes associated with the 3D simulation with [Fe/H]=-1 are found about three times smaller than those associated with the 3D simulation with [Fe/H]=0. As shown here, these differences are related to the fact that low metallicity implies surface layers with a higher mean density. In turn, a higher mean density favors smaller convective velocities and hence less efficient driving of the acoustic modes. Our result shows the importance of taking the surface metal abundance into account in the modeling of the mode driving by turbulent convection. A comparison with observational data is presented in a companion paper using seismic data obtained for the CoRoT target HD 49933.
description: corrected title & author list ; 8 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics. Updated references. Language improvements
On the shape of a D-brane bound state and its topology change
Creators: name: Azeyanagi, Tatsuo
name: Hanada, Masanori
name: Hirata, Tomoyoshi
name: Shimada, Hidehiko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As is well known, coordinates of D-branes are described by NxN matrices. From generic non-commuting matrices, it is difficult to extract physics, for example, the shape of the distribution of positions of D-branes. To overcome this problem, we generalize and elaborate on a simple prescription, first introduced by Hotta, Nishimura and Tsuchiya, which determines the most appropriate gauge to make the separation between diagonal components (D-brane positions) and off-diagonal components. This prescription makes it possible to extract the distribution of D-branes directly from matrices. We verify the power of it by applying it to Monte-Carlo simulations for various lower dimensional Yang-Mills matrix models. In particular, we detect the topology change of the D-brane bound state for a phase transition of a matrix model; the existence of this phase transition is expected from the gauge/gravity duality, and the pattern of the topology change is strikingly similar to the counterpart in the gravity side, the black hole/black string transition. We also propose a criterion, based on the behavior of the off-diagonal components, which determines when our prescription gives a sensible definition of D-brane positions. We provide numerical evidence that our criterion is satisfied for the typical distance between D-branes. For a supersymmetric model, positions of D-branes can be defined even at a shorter distance scale. The behavior of off-diagonal elements found in this analysis gives some support for previous studies of D-brane bound states.
description: 29 pages, 16 figures
Development of a new criterion measure for creative problem solving ability
Creators: name: Ellis, Julia Litwintschik
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The first purposes of this project were to develop a new complex measure of creative problem-solving (SYOPT) and to develop scoring criteria for the items in the new test. In addition, evidence concerning the reliability and validity of four new variables derived from the new measure was examined. Adequate levels of inter-item and inter-rater reliability were obtained for each of the four variables. None of the four new variables correlated significantly or even moderately with a variety of external criteria commonly associated with creativity. The absence of such relationships was attributed to both the restricted range of the population (only those grade three children that were reading at grade level or above), and the fact that the measure was constructed so as to yield a global measure of creative behaviour rather than of unique, specific abilities. Implications for subsequent research were also identified.
Quantum states and their back-reacted geometries in 2d dilaton gravity
Creators: name: Potaux, Yohan
name: Sarkar, Debajyoti
name: Solodukhin, Sergey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Within the Russo-Susskind-Thorlacius (RST) two-dimensional model that includes a scalar (dilaton) field we address the important question of how the classical black hole geometry is modified in a semiclassical gravitational theory. It is the principle goal of this paper to analyze what is the back-reacted geometry that corresponds to a given quantum state. The story is shown to be dramatically different for the Hartle-Hawking state (HH) and for the Boulware state. In the HH case the back-reacted geometry is a modification of the classical black hole metric that still has a smooth horizon with a regular curvature. On the other hand, for the Boulware state the classical horizon is replaced by a throat in which the $(tt)$ component of the metric (while non-zero) is extremely small. The value of the metric at the throat is bounded by the inverse of the classical black hole entropy. On the other side of the throat the spacetime is ended at a null singularity. More generally, we identify a family of quantum states and their respective back-reacted geometries. We also identify a certain duality in the space of states. Finally, we study a hybrid set-up where both physical and non-physical fields, such as the ghosts, could be present. We suggest that it is natural to associate ghosts with the Boulware state, while the physical fields can be in any quantum state. In particular, if the physical fields are in the HH state, then the corresponding semiclassical geometry is horizonless. Depending on the balance between the number of physical fields and ghosts, it generically has a throat that may join with another asymptotically flat region on the other side of the throat.
description: 38 pages, 7 figures. Version 2. Published version. Minor typos corrected
The Scorpion Planet Survey: Wide-Orbit Giant Planets Around Young A-type Stars
Creators: name: Wagner, Kevin
name: Apai, Daniel
name: Kasper, Markus
name: McClure, Melissa
name: Robberto, Massimo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The first directly imaged exoplanets indicated that wide-orbit giant planets could be more common around A-type stars. However, the relatively small number of nearby A-stars has limited the precision of exoplanet demographics studies to $\gtrsim$10%. We aim to constrain the frequency of wide-orbit giant planets around A-stars using the VLT/SPHERE extreme adaptive optics system, which enables targeting $\gtrsim$100 A-stars between 100$-$200 pc. We present the results of a survey of 84 A-stars within the nearby $\sim$5$-$17 Myr-old Sco OB2 association. The survey detected three companions$-$one of which is a new discovery (HIP75056Ab), whereas the other two (HD 95086b and HIP65426b) are now-known planets that were included without a priori knowledge of their existence. We assessed the image sensitivity and observational biases with injection and recovery tests combined with Monte Carlo simulations to place constraints on the underlying demographics. We measure a decreasing frequency of giant planets with increasing separation, with measured values falling between 10$-$2% for separations of 30$-$100 au, and 95% confidence-level (CL) upper limits of $\lesssim$45$-$8% for planets on 30$-$100 au orbits, and $\lesssim$5% between 200$-$500 au. These values are in excellent agreement with recent surveys of A-stars in the solar neighborhood$-$supporting findings that giant planets at $\lesssim$100 au are more frequent around A-stars than around solar-type hosts. Finally, the relatively low occurrence rate of super-Jupiters on wide orbits, the positive correlation with stellar mass, and the inverse correlation with orbital separation are consistent with core accretion being their dominant formation mechanism.
description: Accepted for publication in AJ
Product Discovery Techniques
Creators: name: Trieflinger, Stefan
name: Münch, Jürgen
name: Weis, Lukas
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Empirical software engineering

description: In the era of digital transformation, the notion of software quality transcends its traditional boundaries, necessitating an expansion to encompass the realms of value creation for customers and the business. Merely optimizing technical aspects of software quality can result in diminishing returns. Product discovery techniques can be seen as a powerful mechanism for crafting products that align with an expanded concept of quality—one that incorporates value creation. Previous research has shown that companies struggle to determine appropriate product discovery techniques for generating, validating, and prioritizing ideas for new products or features to ensure they meet the needs and desires of the customers and the business. For this reason, we conducted a grey literature review to identify various techniques for product discovery. First, the article provides an overview of different techniques and assesses how frequently they are mentioned in the literature review. Second, we mapped these techniques to an existing product discovery process from previous research to provide concrete guidelines for establishing product discovery in their organizations. The analysis shows, among other things, the increasing importance of techniques to structure the problem exploration process and the product strategy process. The results are interpreted regarding the importance of the techniques to practical applications and recognizable trends.
MIMO-Assisted Channel-Based Authentication in Wireless Networks
Creators: name: Xiao, Liang
name: Greenstein, Larry
name: Mandayam, Narayan
name: Trappe, Wade
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) techniques allow for multiplexing and/or diversity gain, and will be widely deployed in future wireless systems. In this paper, we propose a MIMO-assisted channel-based authentication scheme, exploiting current channel estimation mechanisms in MIMO systems to detect spoofing attacks with very low overhead. In this scheme, the use of multiple antennas provides extra dimensions of channel estimation data, and thus leads to a "security gain" over single-input single-output (SISO) systems. We investigate the security gain of MIMO systems in several system configurations via simulations for a specific real indoor environment using ray-tracing software. We also discuss the effect of increasing the number of transmit and receive antennas on the security gain and contrast that to the diversity/multiplexing gain.
description: 5 pages, 6 figures, CISS
Food lipids: their effects on quality and oxidative stability of animal 
tissues and emulsions
Creators: name: Cardenia, Vladimiro <1979>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2010
Subjects: AGR/15 Scienze e tecnologie alimentari

description: Lipolysis and oxidation of lipids in foods are the major biochemical and chemical processes that cause food quality deterioration, leading to the characteristic, unpalatable odour and flavour called rancidity. In addition to unpalatability, rancidity may give rise to toxic levels of certain compounds like aldehydes, hydroperoxides, epoxides and cholesterol oxidation products.
In this PhD study chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques were employed to determine the degree of lipid oxidation in different animal products and its relationship with technological parameters like feeding fat sources, packaging, processing and storage conditions.
To achieve this goal capillary gas chromatography (CGC) was employed not only to determine the fatty acids profile but also, after solid phase extraction, the amount of sterols (cholesterol and phytosterols) and cholesterol oxidation products (COPs). To determine hydroperoxides, primary products of oxidation and quantify secondary products UV/VIS absorbance spectroscopy was applied.
Beef and pork meat in this study were analysed. In actual fact, lipid oxidation is a major deterioration reaction in meat, meat products and results in adverse changes in the colour, flavour, texture of meat and develops different compounds which should be a risk to human health as oxysterols. 
On beef and pork meat, a study of lipid fraction during storage was carried out to evaluate its shelf-life and some nutritional features life saturated/unsaturated fatty acids ratio and sterols content, in according to the interest that has been growing around functional food in the last years. 
The last part of this research was focused on the study of lipid oxidation in emulsions. In oil-in-water emulsions antioxidant activity of 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DOPC) was evaluated. The rates of lipid oxidation of 1.0% stripped soybean oil-in-water emulsions with DOPC were followed by monitoring lipid hydroperoxide and hexanal as indicators of primary and secondary oxidation products and the droplet surface charge or zeta potential (ζ) of the emulsions with varying concentrations of DOPC were tested.

This manuscript reports the main results obtained in the three activities briefly summarized as follows:
1.	study on effects of feeding composition on the photoxidative stability of lipids from beef meat, evaluated during storage under commercial retail conditions; 
2.	evaluation of effects of diets and storage conditions on the oxidative stability of pork meat lipids; 
3.	study on oxidative behavior of DOPC in stripped soybean oil-in-water emulsions stabilized by nonionic surfactant.
Additional file 2 of Burden of metabolic syndrome in the global adult HIV-infected population: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Trachunthong, Deondara
name: Tipayamongkholgul, Mathuros
name: Chumseng, Suchintana
name: Darasawang, Worrayot
name: Bundhamcharoen, Kanitta
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional File 2
Zr Isotopes as a region of intertwined quantum phase transitions
Creators: name: Gavrielov, N.
name: Leviatan, A.
name: Iachello, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The zirconium isotopes with $A=$ 92$-$110 have one of the most complicated evolution of structure in the nuclear chart. In order to understand the structural evolution of these isotopes, we carry a detailed calculation in a definite symmetry-based framework, the interacting boson model with configuration mixing (IBM-CM). We compare our calculation to a large range of experimental data, such as energy levels, two neutron separation energies, $E2$ and $E0$ transition rates, isotope shifts and magnetic moments. The structural evolution of the low lying spectra of these isotopes is explained using the notion of intertwined quantum phase transitions (IQPTs), for which a QPT involving a crossing of two configurations (Type II) is accompanied by a QPT involving a shape evolution of each configuration separately (Type I). In our study, we find the occurrence of Type I QPT within the intruder configuration, changing from weakly deformed to prolate deformed and finally to $γ$-unstable, associated with the U(5), SU(3) and SO(6) dynamical symmetry limits of the IBM, respectively. Alongside the Type I QPT, we also find the occurrence of Type II QPT between the normal and intruder configurations, where both Types I and II have a critical-point near $A\approx100$. The good agreement of our calculation with the vast empirical data along the chain of isotopes demonstrates the relevance of IQPTs to the zirconium isotopes, and can serve as a case study to set path for new investigations of IQPTs in other nuclei and other physical systems.
description: 25 pages, 20 figures, 6 tables