cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Measurement of $ν_μ$ Charged-Current Inclusive $π^0$ Production in the NOvA Near Detector
Creators: name: NOvA Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cross sections for the interaction $ν_μA\rightarrowμ^-π^0 X$ with neutrino energies between 1 and 5~GeV are measured using a sample of 165k selected events collected in the NOvA experiment's Near Detector, a hydrocarbon-based detector exposed to the NuMI neutrino beam at the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory. Results are presented as a flux-averaged total cross section and as differential cross sections in the momenta and angles of the outgoing muon and $π^0$, the total four-momentum transfer, and the invariant mass of the hadronic system. Comparisons are made with predictions from a reference version of the GENIE neutrino interaction generator. The measured total cross section of ($3.57\pm0.44)\times10^{-39}\ \mathrm{cm}^2$ is $7.5\%$ higher than the GENIE prediction but is consistent within experimental errors.
Parity Symmetry Breaking and Topological Phases in a Superfluid Ring
Creators: name: Zhang, Xiurong
name: Piazza, Francesco
name: Li, WeiDong
name: Smerzi, Augusto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study analytically the superfluid flow of a Bose-Einstein condensate in a ring geometry in presence of a rotating barrier. We show that a phase transition breaking a parity symmetry among two topological phases occurs at a critical value of the height of the barrier. Furthermore, a discontinuous (accompanied by hysteresis) phase transition is observed in the ordered phase when changing the angular velocity of the barrier. At the critical point where the hysteresis area vanishes, chemical potential of the ground state develops a cusp (a discontinuity in the first derivative). Along this path, the jump between the two corresponding states having a different winding number shows strict analogies with a topological phase transition. We finally study the current-phase relation of the system and compare some of our calculations with published experimental results.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
An advanced precision analysis of the SM vacuum stability
Creators: name: Bednyakov, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The talk is devoted to the problem of stability of the Standard Model vacuum. The effective potential for the Higgs field, which can potentialy exhibit additional, deeper minimum, is considered as a convenient tool for addressing the problem. Different methods and approximations used to calculate the potential are considered. Special attention is paid to the renomalization-group approach that allows one to carry out three-loop analysis of the problem. By means of an explicit gauge-independent procedure the absolute stability bounds on the observed Higgs and top-quark masses are derived. The importance of high-order corrections is demonstrated. In addition, potential metastablity of the SM is discussed together with modifications of the analysis due to some New Physics.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures, abstract both in Russian and English, submitted to Proceedings of the International Session-Conference of SNP PSD RAS "Physics of Fundamental Interactions", JINR, Dubna, April, 2016
High-altitude Magnetospheric Emissions from Two Pulsars
Creators: name: Yuan, Mao
name: Zhu, Weiwei
name: Kramer, Michael
name: Peng, Bo
name: Lu, Jiguang
name: Xu, Renxin
name: Shao, Lijing
name: Wang, Hong-guang
name: Meng, Lingqi
name: Niu, Jiarui
name: Zhao, Rushuang
name: Miao, Chenchen
name: Miao, Xueli
name: Xue, Mengyao
name: Feng, Yi
name: Wang, Pei
name: Li, Di
name: Zhang, Chengmin
name: Champion, David J.
name: Fonseca, Emmanuel
name: Hu, Huanchen
name: Yao, Jumei
name: Freire, Paulo C. C.
name: Guo, Yanjun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discover three new weak pulse components in two known pulsars, one in PSR J0304+1932 and two in PSR J1518+4904. These components are emitted about half way between the main emission beam and the interpulse beam (beam from the opposite pole). They are separated from their main pulse peak by $99^{\circ}\pm{3}^{\circ}$ for J0304+1932, $123^{\circ}.6\pm{0^{\circ}.7}$ (leading) and $93^{^{\circ}}\pm 0^{\circ}.4$ (trailing) for J1518+4904, respectively. Their peak-intensity ratios to main pulses are: $\sim$ 0.06% for J0304+1932, $\sim$ 0.17% and $\sim$ 0.83% for J1518+4904. We also analyzed flux fluctuation and profile variation of the emissions for two pulsars. The results show correlations between the weak pulses and their main pulses, indicating that these emissions come from the same pole. We estimated the emission altitude of these weak pulses and derived a height of about half of the pulsar's light-cylinder radius. These pulse components are a unique sample of high-altitude emissions from pulsars, and challenge the current pulsar emission models.
description: 10 pages, 13 figures, Accepted for publication in ApJ
Pseudoscalar meson dominance and nucleon structure
Creators: name: Arriola, Enrique Ruiz
name: Sanchez-Puertas, Pablo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Pseudoscalar meson dominance has implications for nucleon structure which follow from an Extended Partial Conservation of the Axial Current (EPCAC). The minimal resonance saturation of the nucleon pseudoscalar form factor of the lowest pseudoscalar and isovector mesons compatible with pQCD short distance constraints and chiral symmetry. Using PDG tabulated pseudoscalarisovector masses and widths we obtain $g_{πNN} = 13.21(^{+0.11}_{-0.06})$, to be compared with the most precise determinations from $np, pp$ scattering, $g_{π^+ np} = 13.25(5)$ from the Granada-2013 database. Equivalently a Goldberger-Treiman discrepancy $Δ_{\rm GT} = 1.8^{+0.9}_{-0.4}\%$ is found. Our results are consistent with almost flat strong pion-nucleon-nucleon vertices.
description: Presented by E.R.A. at the International Conference on the Structure of Baryons Baryons 2022).Nov 7--11, 2022 Seville (Spain)
Observation of c-axis Magnetization at Low Temperatures in Weak Ferromagnet FeBO$_3$ Reveals a Spin-Reorientation Transition
Creators: name: Franklin, Jacob
name: Pfund, Jacob
name: Bedard, Joshua
name: Zhang, Weiguo
name: Halasyamani, P. Shiv
name: Jain, Menka
name: Sochnikov, Ilya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The weak ferromagnet FeBO$_3$ is well known for being a unique system for modelling and testing magnetic dynamics primarily due to relatively simple and localized magnetic structure and its interesting spin wave dynamics. At room temperature, it has slightly canted iron moments lying in the a-b plane that result in a strong antiferromagnetic moment and a weak ferromagnetic moment, which results in pronounced ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic spin modes. However, some previous studies have shown unusual low-temperature behavior that suggests a phase transition. By performing low-temperature magnetization measurements, both in bulk and on the mesoscale, we have observed a low temperature magnetic texture in this material in which a large c-axis magnetization occurs. Magnetic fields along the c-axis as high as 1300 Oe were observed close to the sample surface. This presents evidence for the onset of a Morin transition or another type of spin-reorientation phase transition wherein the Fe3+ moments would acquire a c-axis component to their canting below a critical temperature. The observation of this c-axis magnetization suggests that there is a different ground state in this material than has been previously expected and could be due to as yet unexplored intricacies of the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction.
Evaluating Random Mutant Selection at Class-Level in Projects with Non-Adequate Test Suites
Creators: name: Parsai, Ali
name: Murgia, Alessandro
name: Demeyer, Serge
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: D.2.5
subject: 68N99

description: Mutation testing is a standard technique to evaluate the quality of a test suite. Due to its computationally intensive nature, many approaches have been proposed to make this technique feasible in real case scenarios. Among these approaches, uniform random mutant selection has been demonstrated to be simple and promising. However, works on this area analyze mutant samples at project level mainly on projects with adequate test suites. In this paper, we fill this lack of empirical validation by analyzing random mutant selection at class level on projects with non-adequate test suites. First, we show that uniform random mutant selection underachieves the expected results. Then, we propose a new approach named weighted random mutant selection which generates more representative mutant samples. Finally, we show that representative mutant samples are larger for projects with high test adequacy.
description: EASE 2016, Article 11 , 10 pages
A Derivation of the Vlasov-Stokes System for Aerosol Flows from the Kinetic Theory of Binary Gas Mixtures
Creators: name: Bernard, Etienne
name: Desvillettes, Laurent
name: Golse, François
name: Ricci, Valeria
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35Q20, 35B25, 82C40, 76T15, 76D07

description: In this short paper, we formally derive the thin spray equation for a steady Stokes gas, i.e. the equation consists in a coupling between a kinetic (Vlasov type) equation for the dispersed phase and a (steady) Stokes equation for the gas. Our starting point is a system of Boltzmann equations for a binary gas mixture. The derivation follows the procedure already outlined in [Bernard-Desvillettes-Golse-Ricci, arXiv:1608.00422 [math.AP]] where the evolution of the gas is governed by the Navier-Stokes equation.
description: 23 pages. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1608.00422
Anderson localization and saturable nonlinearity in one-dimensional disordered lattices
Creators: name: Nguyen, Ba Phi
name: Kim, Kihong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate numerically the propagation and the Anderson localization of plane waves in a one-dimensional lattice chain, where disorder and saturable nonlinearity are simultaneously present. Using a calculation scheme for solving the stationary discrete nonlinear Schrödinger equation in the fixed input case, the disorder-averaged logarithmic transmittance and the localization length are calculated in a numerically precise manner. The localization length is found to be a nonmonotonic function of the incident wave intensity, acquiring a minimum value at a certain finite intensity, due to saturation effects. For low incident intensities where the saturation effect is ineffective, the enhancement of localization due to Kerr-type nonlinearity occurs in a way similar to the case without saturation. For sufficiently high incident intensities, we find that the localization length is an increasing function of the incident wave intensity, which implies that localization is suppressed for stronger input intensities, and ultimately approaches a saturation value. This feature is associated with the fact that the nonlinear system is reduced to an effectively linear one, when either the incident wave intensity or the saturation parameter is sufficiently large. We also find that the nonlinear saturation effect is stronger and more pronounced when the energy of the incident wave is larger.
description: 15 pages, 5 figures
Conformally Euclidean metrics on $\mathbb{R}^n$ with arbitrary total $Q$-curvature
Creators: name: Hyder, Ali
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study the existence of solution to the problem $$(-Δ)^\frac n2u=Qe^{nu}\quad\text{in }\mathbb{R}^{n},\quad κ:=\int_{\mathbb{R}^{n}}Qe^{nu}dx0$ and for every $κ\in (0,\infty)$. We extend these results in every dimension $n\geq 5$, thus completely answering the problem opened by Martinazzi. Our approach also extends to the case in which $Q$ is non-constant, and under some decay assumptions on $Q$ we can also treat the cases $n=3$ and $4$.
Yes We Care! -- Certification for Machine Learning Methods through the Care Label Framework
Creators: name: Morik, Katharina
name: Kotthaus, Helena
name: Fischer, Raphael
name: Mücke, Sascha
name: Jakobs, Matthias
name: Piatkowski, Nico
name: Pauly, Andreas
name: Heppe, Lukas
name: Heinrich, Danny
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Machine learning applications have become ubiquitous. Their applications range from embedded control in production machines over process optimization in diverse areas (e.g., traffic, finance, sciences) to direct user interactions like advertising and recommendations. This has led to an increased effort of making machine learning trustworthy. Explainable and fair AI have already matured. They address the knowledgeable user and the application engineer. However, there are users that want to deploy a learned model in a similar way as their washing machine. These stakeholders do not want to spend time in understanding the model, but want to rely on guaranteed properties. What are the relevant properties? How can they be expressed to the stakeholder without presupposing machine learning knowledge? How can they be guaranteed for a certain implementation of a machine learning model? These questions move far beyond the current state of the art and we want to address them here. We propose a unified framework that certifies learning methods via care labels. They are easy to understand and draw inspiration from well-known certificates like textile labels or property cards of electronic devices. Our framework considers both, the machine learning theory and a given implementation. We test the implementation's compliance with theoretical properties and bounds.
The MUSCLES Extension for Atmospheric and Transmission Spectroscopy: UV and X-ray Host-star Observations for JWST ERS & GTO Targets
Creators: name: Behr, Patrick R.
name: France, Kevin
name: Brown, Alexander
name: Duvvuri, Girish
name: Bean, Jacob L.
name: Berta-Thompson, Zachory
name: Froning, Cynthia
name: Miguel, Yamila
name: Pineda, J. Sebastian
name: Wilson, David
name: Youngblood, Allison
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: X-ray through infrared spectral energy distributions (SEDs) are essential for understanding a star's effect on exoplanet atmospheric composition and evolution. We present a catalog of panchromatic SEDs, hosted on the Barbara A. Mikulski Archive for Space Telescopes (MAST), for 11 exoplanet hosting stars which have guaranteed JWST observation time as part of the ERS or GTO programs but have no previous UV characterization. The stars in this survey range from spectral type F4-M6 (0.14-1.57 M$_\odot$), rotation periods of ~4-132 days, and ages of approximately 0.5-11.4 Gyr. The SEDs are composite spectra using data from the Chandra X-ray Observatory and XMM-Newton, the Hubble Space Telescope, BT-Settl stellar atmosphere models, and scaled spectra of proxy stars of similar spectral type and activity. From our observations, we have measured a set of UV and X-ray fluxes as indicators of stellar activity level. We compare the chromospheric and coronal activity indicators of our exoplanet-hosting stars to the broader population of field stars and find that a majority of our targets have activity levels lower than the average population of cool stars in the solar neighborhood. This suggests that using SEDs of stars selected from exoplanet surveys to compute generic exoplanet atmosphere models may underestimate the typical host star's UV flux by an order of magnitude or more, and consequently, that the observed population of exoplanetary atmospheres receive lower high-energy flux levels than the typical planet in the solar neighborhood.
description: 28 pages, 10 figures, 7 tables, accepted for publication in AJ
The Complex VHE And Multiwavelength Flaring Activity Of The FSRQ PKS 1510-089 In May 2015
Creators: name: Zacharias, Michael
name: Böttcher, Markus
name: Chakraborty, Nachiketa
name: Cologna, Gabriele
name: Jankowsky, Felix
name: Lenain, Jean-Philippe
name: Mohamed, Mahmoud
name: Prokoph, Heike
name: Wagner, Stefan
name: Wierzcholska, Alicja
name: Zaborov, Dmitry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The blazar PKS 1510-089 was the first of the flat spectrum radio quasar type, which had been detected simultaneously by a ground based Cherenkov telescope (H.E.S.S.) and the LAT instrument on board the Fermi satellite. Given the strong broad line region emission defining this blazar class, and the resulting high optical depth for VHE ($E>100\,$GeV) $γ$-rays, it was surprising to detect VHE emission from such an object. In May 2015, PKS 1510-089 exhibited high states throughout the electromagnetic spectrum. Target of Opportunity observations with the H.E.S.S. experiment revealed strong and unprecedented variability of this source. Comparison with the lightcurves obtained with the \textit{Fermi}-LAT in HE $γ$-rays ($100\,$MeV$
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, to be published in the AIP Conference Proceedings of the "High Energy Gamma-Ray Astronomy (Gamma2016)", edited by F. Aharonian, W. Hofmann, F. Rieger
Spectral transitions for Aharonov-Bohm Laplacians on conical layers
Creators: name: Krejcirik, David
name: Lotoreichik, Vladimir
name: Ourmières-Bonafos, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the Laplace operator in a tubular neighbourhood of a conical surface of revolution, subject to an Aharonov-Bohm magnetic field supported on the axis of symmetry and Dirichlet boundary conditions on the boundary of the domain. We show that there exists a critical total magnetic flux depending on the aperture of the conical surface for which the system undergoes an abrupt spectral transition from infinitely many eigenvalues below the essential spectrum to an empty discrete spectrum. For the critical flux we establish a Hardy-type inequality. In the regime with infinite discrete spectrum we obtain sharp spectral asymptotics with refined estimate of the remainder and investigate the dependence of the eigenvalues on the aperture of the surface and the flux of the magnetic field.
description: 27 pages, 4 figures
Drag reduction of a car model by linear genetic programming control
Creators: name: Li, Ruiying
name: Noack, Bernd R.
name: Cordier, Laurent
name: Borée, Jacques
name: Harambat, Fabien
name: Kaiser, Eurika
name: Duriez, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate open- and closed-loop active control for aerodynamic drag reduction of a car model. Turbulent flow around a blunt-edged Ahmed body is examined at $Re_{H}\approx3\times10^{5}$ based on body height. The actuation is performed with pulsed jets at all trailing edges combined with a Coanda deflection surface. The flow is monitored with pressure sensors distributed at the rear side. We apply a model-free control strategy building on Dracopoulos & Kent (Neural Comput. & Applic., vol. 6, 1997, pp. 214-228) and Gautier et al. (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 770, 2015, pp. 442-457). The optimized control laws comprise periodic forcing, multi-frequency forcing and sensor-based feedback including also time-history information feedback and combination thereof. Key enabler is linear genetic programming as simple and efficient framework for multiple inputs (actuators) and multiple outputs (sensors). The proposed linear genetic programming control can select the best open- or closed-loop control in an unsupervised manner. Approximately 33% base pressure recovery associated with 22% drag reduction is achieved in all considered classes of control laws. Intriguingly, the feedback actuation emulates periodic high-frequency forcing by selecting one pressure sensor in the optimal control law. Our control strategy is, in principle, applicable to all multiple actuators and sensors experiments.
description: 39 pages, 23 figures
Site percolation in distorted square and simple cubic lattices with flexible number of neighbors
Creators: name: Mitra, Sayantan
name: Sensharma, Ankur
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper exhibits a Monte Carlo study on site percolation using the Newmann-Ziff algorithm in distorted square and simple cubic lattices where each site is allowed to be directly linked with any other site if the euclidean separation between the pair is at most a certain distance d, called the connection threshold. Distorted lattices are formed from regular lattices by a random but controlled dislocation of the sites with the help of a parameter α, called the distortion parameter. The distinctive feature of this study is the relaxation of the restriction of forming bonds with only the nearest neighbors. Owing to this flexibility and the intricate interplay between the two parameters α and d, the site percolation threshold may either increase or decrease with distortion. The dependence of the percolation threshold on the average degree of a site has been explored to show that the obtained results are consistent with those on percolation in regular lattices with extended neighborhood and continuum percolation.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures, Accepted in Phys. Rev. E
Dust dynamics in current sheets within protoplanetary disks. I. Isothermal models including ambipolar diffusion and Ohmic resistivity
Creators: name: Lebreuilly, U.
name: Mac Low, M. -M.
name: Commerçon, B.
name: Ebel, D. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context: Chondrules originate from the reprocessing of dust grains. They are key building blocks of telluric planets, yet their formation, which must happen in strongly localized regions of high temperature, remains poorly understood. Aims: We examine the dust spatial distribution near regions of strong local heating produced by current sheets, as a step toward exploring a potential path for chondrule formation. We further aim to investigate current sheet formation under various conditions in protoplanetary disks in the presence of ambipolar diffusion and Ohmic resistivity and the effect of current sheet morphology on dust dynamics in their vicinity. Methods: We use the RAMSES code including modules for non-ideal magnetohydrodynamics and solution of the dynamics of multiple sizes of dust grains to compute unstratified shearing box simulations of current sheet formation. We investigate, through seven models the effect of the ambipolar diffusion and Ohmic resistivity strength, the initial density, and magnetic field, as well as the resolution and box size. Results: We find that current sheets form in all our models, with typical widths of 0.001-0.01 AU and that strong dust fraction variations occur for millimeter-sized grains. These variations are typically of an order of magnitude and up to two orders of magnitude for the most favorable cases. We also show that the box size and resolution has a strong impact on the current sheet distribution and intensity. Conclusions: The formation of current sheets that can intensely heat their surroundings near strong dynamical dust fraction variations could have important implications for chondrule formation, as it appears likely to happen in regions of large dust fraction.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
Scalable orbital-angular-momentum sorting without destroying photon states
Creators: name: Wang, Fang-Xiang
name: Chen, Wei
name: Yin, Zhen-Qiang
name: Wang, Shuang
name: Guo, Guang-Can
name: Han, Zheng-Fu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Single photons with orbital angular momentum (OAM) have attracted substantial attention from researchers. A single photon can carry infinite OAM values theoretically. Thus, OAM photon states have been widely used in quantum information and fundamental quantum mechanics. Although there have been many methods for sorting quantum states with different OAM values, the nondestructive and efficient sorter of high-dimensional OAM remains a fundamental challenge. Here, we propose a scalable OAM sorter which can categorize different OAM states simultaneously, meanwhile, preserving both OAM and spin angular momentum. Fundamental elements of the sorter are composed of symmetric multiport beam splitters (BSs) and Dove prisms with cascading structure, which in principle can be flexibly and effectively combined to sort arbitrarily high-dimensional OAM photons. The scalable structures proposed here greatly reduce the number of BSs required for sorting high-dimensional OAMstates. In view of the nondestructive and extensible features, the sorters can be used as fundamental devices not only for high-dimensional quantum information processing, but also for traditional optics.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures
Supplementary document for Super-Resolution-Chip: An In-Vitro Platform that enables Super-Resolution Microscopy of co-cultures and 3D systems - 6576056.pdf
Creators: name: Bonberg, Ronja
name: Weiss, Yifat
name: Sade, Ofir
name: Beldjilali-Labro, Megane
name: Leichtman-Bardoggo, Yeal
name: Talpir, Itay
name: Gottfried, Irit
name: Ashery, Uri
name: Rauti, Rossana
name: Maoz, Ben
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biological Engineering
Biotechnology
Biological Techniques

description: SI Data
Stochastic resetting in interacting particle systems: A review
Creators: name: Nagar, Apoorva
name: Gupta, Shamik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review recent work on systems with multiple interacting-particles having the dynamical feature of stochastic resetting. The interplay of time scales related to inter-particle interactions and resetting leads to a rich behavior, both static and dynamic. The presence of multiple particles also opens up a new possibility for the resetting dynamics itself, namely, that of different particles resetting all together (global resetting) or independently (local resetting). We divide the review on the basis of specifics of reset dynamics (global versus local resetting), and further, on the basis of number (two versus a large number) of interacting particles. We will primarily be dealing with classical systems, and only briefly discuss resetting in quantum systems.
description: Invited review; Accepted for publication in J Phys A Special Issue "Stochastic Resetting: Theory and Applications;" vs: Close to Published Version, Recent references as "Note added in proof" in the conclusions
Interstellar Polarization Survey III: Relation Between Optical Polarization and Reddening in the General Interstellar Medium
Creators: name: Angarita, Y.
name: Versteeg, M. J. F.
name: Haverkorn, M.
name: Rodrigues, C. V.
name: Magalhães, A. M.
name: Santos-Lima, R.
name: Kawabata, Koji S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Optical starlight can be partially polarized while propagating through the dusty, magnetized interstellar medium. The polarization efficiency describes the polarization intensity fraction per reddening unit, P$_V$/E($B-V$), related to the interstellar dust grains and magnetic field properties. The maximum value observed, [P$_V$/E$(B-V)]_{max}$, is thus achieved under optimal polarizing conditions of the interstellar medium. Therefore, the analysis of polarization efficiency observations across the Galaxy contributes to the study of magnetic field topology, small-scale magnetic fluctuations, grain-alignment efficiency, and composition. Infrared observations from $Planck$ satellite have set [P$_V$/E$(B-V)]_{max}$ to 13$\%$ mag$^{-1}$. However, recent optical polarization observations in $Planck$'s highly polarized regions showed polarization efficiency values between 13.6$\%$ mag$^{-1}$ and 18.2$\%$ mag$^{-1}$ (depending on the extinction map used), indicating that [P$_V$/E$(B-V)]_{max}$ is not well constrained yet. We used $V$-band polarimetry of the Interstellar Polarization Survey (consisting of $\sim$10500 high-quality observations distributed in 34 fields of $0.3^{\circ}\times0.3^{\circ}$) to accurately estimate the polarization efficiency in the interstellar medium. We estimated the upper limit of P$_V$/E($B-V$) with the weighted $99th$ percentile of the field. In five regions, the polarization efficiency upper limit is above 13$\%$ mag$^{-1}$. Furthermore, we found [P$_V$/E$(B-V)]_{max} = 15.8^{+1.3}_{-0.9}\%$ mag$^{-1}$ using diffuse intermediate latitude ($|b|>7.5^{\circ}$) regions with apparently strong regular Galactic magnetic field in the plane-of-sky. We studied the variations of P$_V$/E($B-V$) across the sky and tested toy models of polarization efficiency with Galactic longitude that showed some correspondence with a uniform spiral magnetic field.
description: 23 pages, 15 figures, 2 tables, accepted for publication in AJ
Topological constraints on positions of magnetic solitons in multiply-connected planar magnetic nano-elements
Creators: name: Bogatyrëv, Andrei B.
name: Metlov, Konstantin L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Here we consider an interplay between the topology of the magnetization texture (which is a topological soliton, or Skyrmion) in a planar magnetic nano-element and the topology of the element itself (its connectivity). We establish the existence of a set of constraints, coupling these topologies, which are specific for multiply connected elements and are absent in simply-connected case. As an example, a specific constraint is derived for a case of planar ring magnet, relating the angular positions of magnetic vortices and antivortices inside. We analyze the recent experimental data on the vortex magnetic domain walls in the ring to validate our findings.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures
On the Place of Text Data in Lifelogs, and Text Analysis via Semantic Facets
Creators: name: Grefenstette, Gregory
name: Muchemi, Lawrence
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Current research in lifelog data has not paid enough attention to analysis of cognitive activities in comparison to physical activities. We argue that as we look into the future, wearable devices are going to be cheaper and more prevalent and textual data will play a more significant role. Data captured by lifelogging devices will increasingly include speech and text, potentially useful in analysis of intellectual activities. Analyzing what a person hears, reads, and sees, we should be able to measure the extent of cognitive activity devoted to a certain topic or subject by a learner. Test-based lifelog records can benefit from semantic analysis tools developed for natural language processing. We show how semantic analysis of such text data can be achieved through the use of taxonomic subject facets and how these facets might be useful in quantifying cognitive activity devoted to various topics in a person's day. We are currently developing a method to automatically create taxonomic topic vocabularies that can be applied to this detection of intellectual activity.
Theoretically Motivated Data Augmentation and Regularization for Portfolio Construction
Creators: name: Ziyin, Liu
name: Minami, Kentaro
name: Imajo, Kentaro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: General Finance (q-fin.GN)
subject: Portfolio Management (q-fin.PM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: The task we consider is portfolio construction in a speculative market, a fundamental problem in modern finance. While various empirical works now exist to explore deep learning in finance, the theory side is almost non-existent. In this work, we focus on developing a theoretical framework for understanding the use of data augmentation for deep-learning-based approaches to quantitative finance. The proposed theory clarifies the role and necessity of data augmentation for finance; moreover, our theory implies that a simple algorithm of injecting a random noise of strength $\sqrt{|r_{t-1}|}$ to the observed return $r_{t}$ is better than not injecting any noise and a few other financially irrelevant data augmentation techniques.
description: The full version of our work published at 3rd ACM International Conference on AI in Finance (ICAIF'22)
The Extended Jet In AP Librae As The Source Of The VHE $γ$-ray Emission
Creators: name: Zacharias, Michael
name: Wagner, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Most modeling attempts of blazars use a small emission zone located close to the central black hole in order to explain the broad-band spectral energy distribution. Here we present a case where additionally to the small region a $>$kpc-scale jet is required to successfully reproduce the spectrum and especially the TeV emission, namely the low-frequeny peaked BL Lac object AP Librae detected in the TeV domain by the H.E.S.S. experiment. Given that other parts of the spectral energy distribution follow the characteristics implied by the source classification, the inverse Compton component spans 10 orders of magnitude, which cannot be reproduced by the one-zone model. Additionally, observational constraints in both the synchrotron and inverse Compton compoenent strongly constrain the parameters of a self-consistent model ruling out the possibility of TeV photon production in the vicinity of the galactic center. We discuss the possibility that the TeV radiation is emitted by highly energetic particles in the extended, arcsec-scale jet, which has been detected at radio and X-ray energies. The slope of the jet X-ray spectrum indicates an inverse Compton origin, and an extrapolation to higher energies coincides with a break feature in the $γ$-ray band. Modeling the jet emission with inverse Compton scattering of the cosmic microwave background results in an excellent fit of the radio, X-ray and TeV emission. Implications will be discussed, such as properties of the jet, acceleration scenarios, and observations to test the model. If confirmed, large scale jets are able to efficiently accelerate particles and to keep relativistic speeds up to distances of several 100kpc.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure, to appear in the AIP Conference proceedings of the "High Energy Gamma-Ray Astronomy (Gamma2016)", edited by F. Aharonian, W. Hofmann, F. Rieger
Example of cross-polarized standing gravitational waves
Creators: name: Głód, Krzysztof
name: Sikora, Szymon
name: Szybka, Sebastian J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 83C15, 83C35

description: We use a cosmological counterpart of the cylindrical Halilsoy solution to illustrate properties of cross-polarized standing gravitational waves.
description: 19 pages, 6 figures; improved version
On Volumes of Subregions in Holography and Complexity
Creators: name: Ben-Ami, Omer
name: Carmi, Dean
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The volume of the region inside the bulk Ryu-Takayanagi surface is a codimension-one object, and a natural generalization of holographic complexity to the case of subregions in the boundary QFT. We focus on time-independent geometries, and study the properties of this volume in various circumstances. We derive a formula for computing the volume for a strip entangling surface and a general asymptotically AdS bulk geometry. For an AdS black hole geometry, the volume exhibits non-monotonic behaviour as a function of the size of the entangling region (unlike the behaviour of the entanglement entropy in this setup, which is monotonic). For setups in which the holographic entanglement entropy exhibits transitions in the bulk, such as global AdS black hole, geometries dual to confining theories and disjoint entangling surfaces, the corresponding volume exhibits a discontinuous finite jump at the transition point (and so do the volumes of the corresponding entanglement wedges). We compute this volume discontinuity in several examples. Lastly, we compute the codim-zero volume and the bulk action of the entanglement wedge for the case of a sphere entangling surface and pure AdS geometry.
description: 25 pages
Multirate Exponential Rosenbrock Methods
Creators: name: Luan, Vu Thai
name: Chinomona, Rujeko
name: Reynolds, Daniel R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65L05, 65L06

description: In this paper we propose a novel class of methods for high order accurate integration of multirate systems of ordinary differential equation initial-value problems. The proposed methods construct multirate schemes by approximating the action of matrix $φ$-functions within explicit exponential Rosenbrock (ExpRB) methods, thereby called Multirate Exponential Rosenbrock (MERB) methods. They consist of the solution to a sequence of modified "fast" initial-value problems, that may themselves be approximated through subcycling any desired IVP solver. In addition to proving how to construct MERB methods from certain classes of ExpRB methods, we provide rigorous convergence analysis of these methods and derive efficient MERB schemes of orders two through six (the highest order ever constructed infinitesimal multirate methods). We then present numerical simulations to confirm these theoretical convergence rates, and to compare the efficiency of MERB methods against other recently-introduced high order multirate methods.
An Approach for Isolated Testing of Self-Organization Algorithms
Creators: name: Eberhardinger, Benedikt
name: Anders, Gerrit
name: Seebach, Hella
name: Siefert, Florian
name: Knapp, Alexander
name: Reif, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We provide a systematic approach for testing self-organization (SO) algorithms. The main challenges for such a testing domain are the strongly ramified state space, the possible error masking, the interleaving of mechanisms, and the oracle problem resulting from the main characteristics of SO algorithms: their inherent non-deterministic behavior on the one hand, and their dynamic environment on the other. A key to success for our SO algorithm testing framework is automation, since it is rarely possible to cope with the ramified state space manually. The test automation is based on a model-based testing approach where probabilistic environment profiles are used to derive test cases that are performed and evaluated on isolated SO algorithms. Besides isolation, we are able to achieve representative test results with respect to a specific application. For illustration purposes, we apply the concepts of our framework to partitioning-based SO algorithms and provide an evaluation in the context of an existing smart-grid application.
description: Preprint of Eberhardinger, B., Anders, G., Seebach, H., Siefert, F., Knapp, A., Reif, W.: An approach for isolated testing of self-organization algorithms. In: de Lemos, R., et al. (eds.) Software Engineering for Self-Adaptive Systems III, LNCS, vol. 9640. Springer (2016)
The Spitzer Coverage of HSC-Deep with IRAC for Z studies (SHIRAZ) I: IRAC mosaics
Creators: name: Annunziatella, Marianna
name: Sajina, Anna
name: Stefanon, Mauro
name: Marchesini, Danilo
name: Lacy, Mark
name: Labbe, Ivo
name: Houston, Lilianna
name: Bezanson, Rachel
name: Egami, Eiichi
name: Fan, Xiaohui
name: Farrah, Duncan
name: Greene, Jenny
name: Goulding, Andy
name: Lin, Yen-Ting
name: Liu, Xin
name: Moutard, Thibaud
name: Ono, Yoshiaki
name: Ouchi, Masami
name: Sawicki, Marcin
name: Surace, Jason
name: Whitaker, Katherine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present new Spitzer Infrared Array Camera (IRAC) 3.6 and 4.5μm mosaics of three fields, E-COSMOS, DEEP2-F3, and ELAIS-N1. Our mosaics include both new IRAC observations as well as re-processed archival data in these fields. These fields are part of the HSC-Deep grizy survey and have a wealth of additional ancillary data. The addition of these new IRAC mosaics is critical in allowing for improved photometric redshifts and stellar population parameters at cosmic noon and earlier epochs. The total area mapped by this work is {\sim} 17 deg2 with a mean integration time of {\sim}1200s, providing a median 5σ depth of 23.7(23.3) at 3.6(4.5)μm in AB. We perform SExtractor photometry both on the combined mosaics as well as the single-epoch mosaics taken {\sim}6 months apart. The resultant IRAC number counts show good agreement with previous studies. In combination with the wealth of existing and upcoming spectro-photometric data in these fields, our IRAC mosaics will enable a wide range of galactic evolution and AGN studies. With that goal in mind, we make the combined IRAC mosaics and coverage maps of these three fields publicly available. counts show good agreement with previous studies.
description: accepted for publication in AJ
Fluctuating ecological networks: a synthesis of maximum-entropy approaches for pattern detection and process inference
Creators: name: Caruso, Tancredi
name: Clemente, Giulio Virginio
name: Rillig, Matthias C
name: Garlaschelli, Diego
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ecological networks such as plant-pollinator systems and food webs vary in space and time. This variability includes fluctuations in global network properties such as total number and intensity of interactions but also in the local properties of individual nodes such as the number and intensity of species-level interactions. Fluctuations of species properties can significantly affect higher-order network features, e.g. robustness and nestedness. Local fluctuations should therefore be controlled for in applications that rely on null models, especially pattern and perturbation detection. By contrast, most randomization methods for null models used by ecologists treat node-level local properties as hard constraints that cannot fluctuate. Here, we synthesise a set of methods that resolves the limit of hard constraints and is based on statistical mechanics. We illustrate the methods with some practical examples making available open source computer codes. We clarify how this approach can be used by experimental ecologists to detect non-random network patterns with null models that not only rewire but also redistribute interaction strengths by allowing fluctuations in the null model constraints (soft constraints). Null modelling of species heterogeneity through local fluctuations around typical topological and quantitative constraints offers a statistically robust and expanded (e.g. quantitative null models) set of tools to understand the assembly and resilience of ecological networks.
description: submitted
Why We Refactor? Confessions of GitHub Contributors
Creators: name: Silva, Danilo
name: Tsantalis, Nikolaos
name: Valente, Marco Tulio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Refactoring is a widespread practice that helps developers to improve the maintainability and readability of their code. However, there is a limited number of studies empirically investigating the actual motivations behind specific refactoring operations applied by developers. To fill this gap, we monitored Java projects hosted on GitHub to detect recently applied refactorings, and asked the developers to ex- plain the reasons behind their decision to refactor the code. By applying thematic analysis on the collected responses, we compiled a catalogue of 44 distinct motivations for 12 well-known refactoring types. We found that refactoring activity is mainly driven by changes in the requirements and much less by code smells. Extract Method is the most versatile refactoring operation serving 11 different purposes. Finally, we found evidence that the IDE used by the developers affects the adoption of automated refactoring tools.
description: Paper accepted at 24th International Symposium on the Foundations of Software Engineering (FSE), pages 1-12, 2016
Quasinormal modes and grey-body factors of regular black holes with a scalar hair from the Effective Field Theory
Creators: name: Konoplya, R. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Effective Field Theory (EFT) of perturbations on an arbitrary background geometry with a timelike scalar profile has been recently constructed in the context of scalar-tensor theories. Unlike General Relativity, the regular Hayward metric is realized as an exact background metric in the Effective Field Theory with timelike scalar profile without resorting to special matter field, such as nonlinear electrodynamics. The fundamental quasinormal mode for axial graviational perturbations of this black hole has been considered recently with the help of various methods. Here we make a further step in this direction and find that, unlike the fundamental mode, a few first overtones deviate from their Schwarzschild limit at a much higher rate. This outburst of overtones occurs because the overtones are extremely sensitive to the least change of the near-horizon geometry. The analytical formula for quasinormal modes is obtained in the eikonal regime. In addition, we calculated grey-body factors and showed that the regular Hayward black hole with a scalar hair has a smaller grey-body factor than the Schwarzschild one. Integration of the wave-like equation in the time-domain shows that the power-law tails, following the ring-down phase, are indistinguishable from the Schwarzschild ones at late times.
description: 13 pages, the version accepted for publication in JCAP