cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Mittelalterliche Stickereien aus Polen
Creators: name: Wilckens, Leonie Von
Publisher: name: Kunstchronik. Monatsschrift für Kunstwissenschaft, Museumswesen und Denkmalpflege
Year: 2020

description: Kunstchronik. Monatsschrift für Kunstwissenschaft, Museumswesen und Denkmalpflege, Bd. 21 Nr. 2 (1968): Kunstchronik. Monatsschrift für Kunstwissenschaft, Museumswesen und Denkmalpflege
Canonical endomorphism field on a Lie algebra
Creators: name: Kocik, Jerzy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 17B08, 53C15, 53C80, 70G45, 70G60, 70H03, 70H05

description: We show that every Lie algebra is equipped with a natural $(1,1)$-variant tensor field, the "canonical endomorphism field", naturally determined by the Lie structure, and satisfying a certain Nijenhuis bracket condition. This observation may be considered as complementary to the Kirillov-Kostant-Souriau theorem on symplectic geometry of coadjoint orbits. We show its relevance for classical mechanics, in particular for Lax equations. We show that the space of Lax vector fields is closed under Lie bracket and we introduce a new bracket for vector fields on a Lie algebra. This bracket defines a new Lie structure on the space of vector fields.
description: 18 pages
Mesoscale Physics of Electrified Interfaces with Metal Electrodes
Creators: name: Vishnugopi, Bairav Sabarish
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2023
Subjects: Electrochemical energy storage and conversion

description: Li-ion batteries (LIBs) are currently pervasive across portable electronics and electric vehicles and are on the ascent for large-scale applications such as grid storage. However, commercial LIBs based on intercalation chemistries are inching toward their theoretical energy density limits. Consequently, the rapidly growing demands of energy storage have necessitated a recent renaissance in exploring battery systems beyond Li-ion chemistry. Next-generation batteries that utilize Li metal as the anode can improve the energy density and power density of LIBs. Despite the theoretical promise, the commercialization of metal-based batteries requires overcoming several hurdles, stemming from the unstable nature of Li in liquid electrolytes. Upon repeated charging, the metal anode undergoes unrestricted growth of dendrites, devolving to a thermal runaway in extreme circumstances. By replacing the organic liquid electrolyte with a non-flammable solid electrolyte, solid-state batteries (SSBs) can potentially provide enhanced safety attributes over liquid electrolyte cells. Upon pairing of solid electrolytes with a Li metal anode, such systems present the unique possibility of engineering batteries with high energy density and fast charging rates. However, there are a number of technical challenges and fundamental scientific advances necessary for SSBs to achieve reliable electrochemical performance. The formation of dendritic morphologies during charging and the loss of active area at the anode-electrolyte interface during discharging are two critical limitations that need to be addressed. In this thesis, the morphological stability of the Li metal anode is examined based on the mechanistic interaction of electrochemical reaction, ionic transport and surface self-diffusion, that is further dependent on aspects including the thermal field and electrolyte composition. The origin of electrochemical-mechanical instability and metal penetration due to heterogeneities in solid-state electrolytes such as grain boundaries will be analyzed. The phenomenon of contact loss at solid-solid interfaces due to the competing interaction between electrochemical dissolution and Li mechanics will be studied. Lastly, the mechanistic attributes governing the thermal stability of solid-solid interfaces in solid-state batteries will be examined. Overall, the dissertation will focus on understanding the fundamental mechanisms underlying the evolution of solid-liquid and solid-solid interfaces in energy storage and derive potential design guidelines toward achieving stable morphologies in metal-based batteries.
Inhalt
Creators: name: Redaktion, Die
Publisher: name: Kunstchronik. Monatsschrift für Kunstwissenschaft, Museumswesen und Denkmalpflege
Year: 2020

description: Kunstchronik. Monatsschrift für Kunstwissenschaft, Museumswesen und Denkmalpflege, Bd. 21 Nr. 4 (1968): Kunstchronik. Monatsschrift für Kunstwissenschaft, Museumswesen und Denkmalpflege
Ausstellungskalender
Creators: name: Redaktion, Die
Publisher: name: Kunstchronik. Monatsschrift für Kunstwissenschaft, Museumswesen und Denkmalpflege
Year: 2020

description: Kunstchronik. Monatsschrift für Kunstwissenschaft, Museumswesen und Denkmalpflege, Bd. 21 Nr. 5 (1968): Kunstchronik. Monatsschrift für Kunstwissenschaft, Museumswesen und Denkmalpflege
Heinrich Kreisel, Die Kunst des deutschen Möbels: Möbel und Vertäfelungen des deutschen Sprachraums von den Anfängen bis zum Jugendstil. Zweiter Band: Spät­barock und Rokoko.
Creators: name: Baumgärtner, Sabine
Publisher: name: Kunstchronik. Monatsschrift für Kunstwissenschaft, Museumswesen und Denkmalpflege
Year: 2020

description: Rezension zu: Heinrich Kreisel, Die Kunst des deutschen Möbels: Möbel und Vertäfelungen des deutschen Sprachraums von den Anfängen bis zum Jugendstil. Zweiter Band: Spät­- barock und Rokoko. München 0. H. Beck (1970). VII, 475 S., 31 Abb. im Text, 1156 Abb. auf Tafeln, 16 Farbtafeln.
description: Kunstchronik. Monatsschrift für Kunstwissenschaft, Museumswesen und Denkmalpflege, Bd. 25 Nr. 6 (1972): Kunstchronik. Monatsschrift für Kunstwissenschaft, Museumswesen und Denkmalpflege
Fast algorithms at low temperatures via Markov chains
Creators: name: Chen, Z
name: Galanis, A
name: Goldberg, LA
name: Perkins, William
name: Stewart, J
name: Vigoda, E
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: For spin systems, such as the hard-core model on independent sets weighted by fugacity λ > 0, efficient algorithms for the associated approximate counting/sampling problems typically apply in the high-temperature region, corresponding to low fugacity. Recent work of Jenssen, Keevash and Perkins (2019) yields an FPTAS for approximating the partition function (and an efficient sampling algorithm) on bounded-degree (bipartite) expander graphs for the hard-core model at sufficiently high fugacity, and also the ferromagnetic Potts model at sufficiently low temperatures. Their method is based on using the cluster expansion to obtain a complex zero-free region for the partition function of a polymer model, and then approximating this partition function using the polynomial interpolation method of Barvinok. We present a simple discrete-time Markov chain for abstract polymer models, and present an elementary proof of rapid mixing of this new chain under sufficient decay of the polymer weights. Applying these general polymer results to the hard-core and ferromagnetic Potts models on bounded-degree (bipartite) expander graphs yields fast algorithms with running time O(n log n) for the Potts model and O(n2 log n) for the hard-core model, in contrast to typical running times of nO(log ∆) for algorithms based on Barvinok’s polynomial interpolation method on graphs of maximum degree ∆. In addition, our approach via our polymer model Markov chain is conceptually simpler as it circumvents the zero-free analysis and the generalization to complex parameters. Finally, we combine our results for the hard-core and ferromagnetic Potts models with standard Markov chain comparison tools to obtain polynomial mixing time for the usual spin system Glauber dynamics restricted to even and odd or “red” dominant portions of the respective state spaces.
Neue Spuren sächsischer Krieger in der Barenburg, bei Eldagsen, Region Hannover, und die Schlacht am Süntel 782 n. Chr.
Creators: name: Cosack, Erhard
Publisher: name: Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte
Year: 2020

description: Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte, Bd. 86 (2017): Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte
Surface Cooper pair spin waves in triplet superconductors
Creators: name: Poniatowski, Nicholas R.
name: Curtis, Jonathan B.
name: Bøttcher, Charlotte G. L.
name: Galitski, Victor M.
name: Yacoby, Amir
name: Narang, Prineha
name: Demler, Eugene
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the electrodynamics of spin triplet superconductors including dipolar interactions, which give rise to an interplay between the collective spin dynamics of the condensate and orbital Meissner screening currents. Within this theory, we identify a class of spin waves that originate from the coupled dynamics of the spin-symmetry breaking triplet order parameter and the electromagnetic field. In particular, we study magnetostatic spin wave modes that are localized to the sample surface. We show that these surface modes can be excited and detected using experimental techniques such as microwave spin wave resonance spectroscopy or nitrogen-vacancy magnetometry, and propose that the detection of these modes offers a means for the identification of spin triplet superconductivity.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures
Classification of topologically protected gates for local stabilizer codes
Creators: name: Bravyi, Sergey
name: Koenig, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Given a quantum error correcting code, an important task is to find encoded operations that can be implemented efficiently and fault-tolerantly. In this Letter we focus on topological stabilizer codes and encoded unitary gates that can be implemented by a constant-depth quantum circuit. Such gates have a certain degree of protection since propagation of errors in a constant-depth circuit is limited by a constant size light cone. For the 2D geometry we show that constant-depth circuits can only implement a finite group of encoded gates known as the Clifford group. This implies that topological protection must be "turned off" for at least some steps in the computation in order to achieve universality. For the 3D geometry we show that an encoded gate U is implementable by a constant-depth circuit only if the image of any Pauli operator under conjugation by U belongs to the Clifford group. This class of gates includes some non-Clifford gates such as the π/8 rotation. Our classification applies to any stabilizer code with geometrically local stabilizers and sufficiently large code distance.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures
Kunst der Bibliothekare- Kunst- und Design-Bibliotheken als Teil der kreativen Praxis
Creators: name: Christie, Pat
Publisher: name: AKMB-news: Informationen zu Kunst, Museum und Bibliothek
Year: 2020

description: AKMB-news: Informationen zu Kunst, Museum und Bibliothek, Bd. 25 Nr. 1 (2019): AKMB-news
Verbund oder nicht Verbund – ist das die Frage?
Creators: name: Wimmer, Ulla
Publisher: name: AKMB-news: Informationen zu Kunst, Museum und Bibliothek
Year: 2020

description: AKMB-news: Informationen zu Kunst, Museum und Bibliothek, Bd. 25 Nr. 2 (2019): AKMB-news
Fast algorithms at low temperatures via Markov chains
Creators: name: Chen, Z
name: Galanis, A
name: Goldberg, LA
name: Perkins, William
name: Stewart, J
name: Vigoda, E
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2022
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: For spin systems, such as the hard-core model on independent sets weighted by fugacity λ > 0, efficient algorithms for the associated approximate counting/sampling problems typically apply in the high-temperature region, corresponding to low fugacity. Recent work of Jenssen, Keevash and Perkins (2019) yields an FPTAS for approximating the partition function (and an efficient sampling algorithm) on bounded-degree (bipartite) expander graphs for the hard-core model at sufficiently high fugacity, and also the ferromagnetic Potts model at sufficiently low temperatures. Their method is based on using the cluster expansion to obtain a complex zero-free region for the partition function of a polymer model, and then approximating this partition function using the polynomial interpolation method of Barvinok. We present a simple discrete-time Markov chain for abstract polymer models, and present an elementary proof of rapid mixing of this new chain under sufficient decay of the polymer weights. Applying these general polymer results to the hard-core and ferromagnetic Potts models on bounded-degree (bipartite) expander graphs yields fast algorithms with running time O(n log n) for the Potts model and O(n2 log n) for the hard-core model, in contrast to typical running times of nO(log ∆) for algorithms based on Barvinok’s polynomial interpolation method on graphs of maximum degree ∆. In addition, our approach via our polymer model Markov chain is conceptually simpler as it circumvents the zero-free analysis and the generalization to complex parameters. Finally, we combine our results for the hard-core and ferromagnetic Potts models with standard Markov chain comparison tools to obtain polynomial mixing time for the usual spin system Glauber dynamics restricted to even and odd or “red” dominant portions of the respective state spaces.
General conditions for scale-invariant perturbations in an expanding universe
Creators: name: Geshnizjani, Ghazal
name: Kinney, William H.
name: Dizgah, Azadeh Moradinezhad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the general properties of expanding cosmological models which generate scale-invariant curvature perturbations in the presence of a variable speed of sound. We show that in an expanding universe, generation of a super-Hubble, nearly scale-invariant spectrum of perturbations over a range of wavelengths consistent with observation requires at least one of three conditions: (1) accelerating expansion, (2) a speed of sound faster than the speed of light, or (3) super-Planckian energy density.
description: 4 pages, RevTeX
Confinement On the Moose Lattice
Creators: name: Lillard, Benjamin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we present a new class of N=1 supersymmetric confining gauge theories, with strikingly simple infrared theories that descend from intricate interconnected networks of product gauge groups. A diagram of the gauge groups and the charged matter content of the ultraviolet theory has the structure of a triangular lattice, with $SU(N)$ or $SU(3 N)$ gauge groups at each of the vertices, connected by bifundamental chiral superfields. This structure admits a $U(1)_R$ conserving superpotential with marginal trilinear operators. With the introduction of this superpotential, the $SU(3N)$ and $SU(N)$ gauge groups confine: in the far infrared limit of the supersymmetric theory, the relevant degrees of freedom are gauge invariant "mesons" and "baryons." In this paper we show how the properties of the infrared degrees of freedom depend on the topology and shape of the moose/quiver ``lattice'' of the original gauge theory. We investigate various deformations of the theory, and propose some phenomenological applications for BSM models.
description: 42 pages, 12 figures, 1 table, 1 appendix
Spin-electron-acoustic waves and solitons in high-density degenerate relativistic plasmas
Creators: name: Andreev, Pavel A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spin-electron-acoustic waves (sometimes called the spin-plasmons) can be found in degenerate electron gas if the spin-up electrons and spin down electrons move relatively each other. Here, we suggest relativistic hydrodynamics with the separate spin evolution which allows us to study linear and nonlinear spin-electron-acoustic waves, including the spin-electron-acoustic solitons. Presented hydrodynamic model is the corresponding generalization of the relativistic hydrodynamic model with the average reverse gamma factor evolution which consists of the equations for evolution of the following functions the partial concentrations (for spin-up electrons and spin down electrons), the partial velocity fields, the partial average reverse relativistic gamma factors, and the partial flux of the reverse relativistic gamma factors. We find that the relativistic effects decreases the phase velocity of spin-electron-acoustic waves. Numerical analysis of the changes of spectra of Langmuir wave, spin-electron-acoustic wave, and ion-acoustic wave under the change of the spin polarization of electrons is presented. It is demonstrated that spectra of Langmuir wave and spin-electron-acoustic wave getting closer to each other in the relativistic limit. Spin dependence of the amplitude and width of the relativistic spin-electron-acoustic soliton is demonstrated as well. Reformation of the bright soliton of potential of the electric field into the dark soliton under the influence of the relativistic effects is found.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures
From yeV to TeV: Search for the Neutron Electric Dipole Moment
Creators: name: Beck, D. H.
name: Budker, D.
name: Park, B. K.
name: Collaboration, nEDM
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The existence of electric dipole moments (EDM) for fundamental particles signals time-reversal symmetry (T) violation accompanied by violation of parity (P); only upper limits have been established to date. Time-reversal violation in turn implies CP violation under the assumption that CPT is a good symmetry. The neutron is an attractive system for an EDM search, both because it is neu- tral and because a neutron EDM would be relatively easier to interpret than the comparable quantity for a nucleus or even an atom. We introduce briefly the key experimental requirements for such search and describe some aspects of the neutron EDM experiment planned for the Spallation Neutron Source at the U.S. Oak Ridge National Laboratory.
description: 6 pages, 1 figure
title: From Kartosuwiryo to Sungkar: the evolution of Indonesia’s Darul Islam movement, 1928-1993
Creators: name: Jacob, Judith P.
Publisher: name: London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE)
Year: 2020

description: This dissertation examines the ideological evolution of the Darul Islam (DI) movement in Indonesia. It argues the movement was defined by two core ideas: hākimiyya and jihad. While these ideas are not unique to Indonesian militant Islamists, this dissertation aims to examine how each concept was understood, interpreted and transformed by key DI leaders from the Indonesian independence struggle to the final years of the Suharto regime. Beginning with Sekarmadji Maridjan Kartosuwiryo’s bid to establish an Islamic state in opposition to Dutch rule, this dissertation assesses how DI defined and promoted an understanding of hākimiyya and jihad through the works of classical ideologues to form a cohesive doctrine. Following Kartosuwiryo’s death in 1962, this thesis outlines how these ideas were reinterpreted by subsequent leaders, ultimately resulting in a split within the movement and the formation of Jemaah Islamiyah (JI) in 1993. This dissertation argues the accelerated globalisation of the 1970s gave Indonesian Islamists unprecedented exposure and access to the teachings and works of hard-line Salafist groups and Wahhabi preachers and organisations in the Middle East. The selective adoption of their interpretations of hākimiyya and jihad, and the introduction of related concepts such as takfīr and al-walā’ wa-l-barā’, reinvigorated DI after Kartosuwiryo’s execution. While the material for this ideological revival largely appeared from foreign sources, the movement’s new intellectual leader, Abdullah Sungkar, with help from his close friend, Abu Bakar Ba’asyir, largely applied these ideas in response to growing state repression and the perceived secularisation of Indonesian society. Finally, this dissertation argues the ideology of DI was shaped through participation in conflict. Periods of struggle against the Dutch in the 1940s, the Republican government in the 1950s and the Soviet Union in Afghanistan between 1985 and 1991 led to significant transformations in the beliefs of DI members. Notably, the Afghan conflict cemented the increasingly takfīri outlook of Sungkar’s faction, narrowing their conceptualisation of jihad. These ideological transformations proved to be sufficiently severe leading to a rupture within DI and the formation of JI.
Histone Deacetylase Inhibition Restores Expression of Hypoxia-Inducible Protein NDRG1 in Pancreatic Cancer: An Advance Study
Creators: name: Tiffon, Céline
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: N-myc downstream-regulated gene-1
pancreatic cancer
hypoxia
cellular differentiation
epigenetic regulation

description: Objectives: The hypoxia-inducible and differentiation-related protein N-myc downstream-regulated gene-1 (NDRG1) is a potential biomarker in pancreatic cancer. The effects of the differentiating histone deacetylase inhibitor trichostatin A (TSA) in human pancreatic cancer cell lines representing different tumour stages were investigated because NDRG1 expression is diminished in high-grade tumours. Cancer is a genetic disease characterized by inherited or sporadic mutations in tissue homeostasis, cell cycle control, and apoptosis genes. Methods: TSA was used to treat PANC-1 (poorly differentiated) and Capan-1 (moderately to well-differentiated) cells. Microscopic analyses, colorimetric assays, cell counts, real-time polymerase chain reaction, and Western blotting were used to evaluate the effects in vitro. Results: PANC-1 cells were treated with 0.5 M TSA for four days. Cellular differentiation was restored, proliferation was suppressed, and p21Cip1 protein expression was increased. Trichostatin A upregulated NDRG1 mRNA and protein levels under normoxia from day 1 and by 6-fold by day 4 (P < 0.01 at all time points). After 24 hours under hypoxia, NDRG1 expression was further in-creased in differentiated cells (P < 0.01). Other hypoxia-regulated genes showed positive changes in their expression. Conclusions: Histone deacetylase inhibitors have the potential to be a novel epidrug for pancreatic cancer, as they reverse the undifferentiated phenotype, helping patients to overcome resistance and respond better to traditional cytotoxic treatments.
Hans Schönberger, Kastell überstimm. Die Grabungen von 1968 bis 1971
Creators: name: Petrikovits, Harald Von
Publisher: name: Bonner Jahrbücher
Year: 2020

description: Rezension zu: Hans Schönberger, Kastell überstimm. Die Grabungen von 1968 bis 1971. Unter Mitarbeit von H.-G. Bachmann, A. Böhme, J. Boessneck, J. Garbsch. H.-J. Kellner, H.-J. Köhler, A. Krug und H.-G. Simon. Limesforschungen 18. Gebrüder Mann Verlag, Berlin 1978. 329 Seiten, 90 Textabbildungen, 116 Tafeln.
description: Bonner Jahrbücher, Bd. 182.1982: Bonner Jahrbücher
Competition between relaxation and external driving in the dissipative Landau-Zener problem
Creators: name: Nalbach, P.
name: Thorwart, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study Landau-Zener transitions in a dissipative environment by means of the quasiadiabatic propagator path-integral scheme. It allows to obtain numerically exact results for the full range of the involved parameters. We discover a nonmonotonic dependence of the Landau-Zener transition probability on the sweep velocity which is explained in terms of a simple physical picture. This feature results from a nontrivial competition between relaxation processes and the external sweep and is not captured by perturbative approaches. In addition to the Landau-Zener transition probability, we study the excitation survival probability and also provide a qualitative understanding of the involved competition of time scales.
description: 9 pages, 15 figures
RATIONAL DESIGN OF VERTICAL SILICON NANONEEDLES FOR OCULAR DRUG DELIVERY AND INTRACELLULAR RECORDING
Creators: name: Park, Woohyun
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2023
Subjects: Micro- and nanosystems
Microelectromechanical systems (MEMS)
Mechanical engineering not elsewhere classified
Biomedical engineering not elsewhere classified

description: The use of silicon nanoneedles provides a unique and versatile biointerface for a range of biomedical applications. In this work, we propose a rational design for vertical Si nanoneedles that are printed on a polymer substrate for ocular drug delivery, intracellular recording, and intra-organoid sensing. To enable minimally invasive and long-term sustained delivery of ocular drugs, we integrate vertical Si nanoneedles with a tear-soluble contact lens for ocular drug delivery. We demonstrate the effectiveness of this platform in treating corneal neovascularization in an in vivo rabbit model, surpassing the current gold standard surgical therapy. This platform has the potential to revolutionize the management of various chronic ocular diseases without causing significant side effects. To enable intracellular recording, we present a unique platform consisting of vertical Si nanoneedles coated with a thin, transparent network of Au-Ag nanowires. This platform is held in place and enclosed by a soft, transparent elastomer, providing simultaneous intracellular recording and live imaging with applications in neuroscience, cardiology, muscle physiology, and drug screening. To demonstrate the utility of this platform, we monitored electrical potentials from cardiomyocyte cells and cardiovascular organoids. Additionally, we propose an intra-organoid sensing platform with vertical Si nanoneedles transfer printed into a soft scaffold. This platform can be adjusted and tailored for various organoids and tumor tissues of interest, or used to deliver bioactive molecules of interest into organoids in response to external stimuli. Our proposed designs of vertical Si nanoneedles based platforms demonstrate their significant potential for a broad range of biomedical applications, including ocular drug delivery, intracellular recording, and intraorganoid sensing. These platforms have the potential to revolutionize current approaches and pave the way for future developments in biomedical research and clinical applications, offering new possibilities for the diagnosis and treatment of a wide range of diseases.
$β$-decay of key titanium isotopes in stellar environment
Creators: name: Nabi, Jameel-Un
name: Bakhadir, Irgaziev
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Amongst iron regime nuclei, $β$-decay rates on titanium isotopes are considered to be important during the late phases of evolution of massive stars. The key $β$-decay isotopes during presupernova evolution were searched from available literature and a microscopic calculation of the decay rates were performed using the proton-neutron quasiparticle random phase approximation (pn-QRPA) theory. As per earlier simulation results electron capture and $β$-decay on certain isotopes of titanium are considered to be important for the presupernova evolution of massive stars. Earlier the stellar electron capture rates and neutrino energy loss rates due to relevant titanium isotopes were presented. In this paper we finally present the $β$-decay rates of key titanium isotopes in stellar environment. The results are also compared against previous calculations. The pn-QRPA $β$-decay rates are bigger at high stellar temperatures and smaller at high stellar densities compared to the large scale shell model results. This study can prove useful for the core-collapse simulators.
description: 14 pages, 5 figures
Radiation damping in pulsed Gaussian beams
Creators: name: Harvey, Chris
name: Marklund, Mattias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the effects of radiation damping on the electron dynamics in a Gaussian beam model of a laser field. For high intensities, i.e. with dimensionless intensity a0 \gg 1, it is found that the dynamics divide into three regimes. For low energy electrons (low initial γ-factor, γ0) the radiation damping effects are negligible. At higher energies, but still at 2γ0 < a0, the damping alters the final displacement and the net energy change of the electron. For 2γ0 > a0 one is in a regime of radiation reaction induced electron capture. This capture is found to be stable with respect to the spatial properties of the electron beam and results in a significant energy loss of the electrons. In this regime the plane wave model of the laser field provides a good description of the dynamics, whereas for lower energies the Gaussian beam and plane wave models differ significantly. Finally the dynamics are considered for the case of an XFEL field. It is found that the significantly lower intensities of such fields inhibits the damping effects.
description: 24 pages, 12 figures
title: The role of the government geoscientist
Creators: name: Commonwealth Of Australia (Geoscience Australia)
name: Normington, V.
Publisher: name: Commonwealth of Australia (Geoscience Australia)
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Outreach
subject: Public Talks
subject: Career Path
subject: Other earth sciences not elsewhere classified

description: The career pathway of a Geoscientist in Government is not well identified and articulated. This has implications for the choice of and mobility into government scientist career path, as well as the diversity and innovation within government science. This talk articulates the ‘who’ and ‘where’ of government geoscientists, why they are needed, and the characteristics of these roles. It then explores how to sustain government geoscientists into the future, noting the current challenges faced by university geoscience departments. The science communication challenges and ‘identity issues’ of geoscience are discussed, including the importance of trust and understanding motivations.
Band Gap and Edge Engineering via Ferroic Distortion and Anisotropic Strain: The Case of SrTiO$_{3}$
Creators: name: Berger, Robert F.
name: Fennie, Craig J.
name: Neaton, Jeffrey B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effects of ferroic distortion and biaxial strain on the band gap and band edges of SrTiO$_{3}$ (STO) are calculated using density functional theory and many-body perturbation theory. Anisotropic strains are shown to reduce the gap by breaking degeneracies at the band edges. Ferroic distortions are shown to widen the gap by allowing new band edge orbital mixings. Compressive biaxial strains raise band edge energies, while tensile strains lower them. To reduce the STO gap, one must lower the symmetry from cubic while suppressing ferroic distortions. Our calculations indicate that for engineered orientation of the growth direction along [111], the STO gap can be controllably and considerably reduced at room temperature.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures. To be published in Phys. Rev. Lett
White Spot Lesions in Patients with Orthodontic Appliances
Creators: name: Gavrilovikj, Irena
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: White spot lesions
demineralization
treatment
fluoride
micro abrasion

description: White spot lesions (WSLs) can appear during and after fixed orthodontic treatment as undesirable situation on the teeth and can compromise results of the treatment and facial esthetic. White spots lesions are defined as areas of demineralization on tooth enamel surface that can occur during the treatment with fixed orthodontic appliances, around brackets, tubes or orthodontic rings. They are located on the labial surface of the teeth mostly on the labial - gingival part on the crown of the teeth. The white spots can be seen even after 1 month of bonding fixed appliances or after 6 or 12 months. The reason for the appearances of WSLs is the process of demineralization of the enamel of the tooth. Orthodontist can and should minimized those undesired complication during the orthodontic treatment. There are several risk factors for appearing of WSLs. The most common reason for this phenomenon is inappropriate and poor oral hygiene. For avoiding side effects of having orthodontic braces, maintaining excellent oral hygiene is require, before bonding fixed orthodontic appliances. In literature there are numerous studies for the prevention and treatment of white spot lesions. The use of fluoride (in toothpaste, gels and solutions for the mouth, in bonding materials for orthodontic braces, fluoride varnish), Casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) in topical crème, micro abrasion and using resin to full fil lesions, can greatly contribute to the process of remineralization of enamel and gave successful results of treatment of WSLs.
Harmonic evolutions on graphs
Creators: name: Kocik, Jerzy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 05C50, 15A33, 05C75, 05C85

description: We define the harmonic evolution of states of a graph by iterative application of the harmonic operator (Laplacian over $Z_2$). This provides graphs with a new geometric context and leads to a new tool to analyze them. The digraphs of evolutions are analyzed and classified. This construction can also be viewed as a certain topological generalization of cellular automata.
description: 16 pages, 7 figures
Physician Residents Shadowing a Certified WOC Nurse to Develop Interprofessional Competencies
Creators: name: Monahan, Laura
name: Monahan, Michael
name: Acker, Katelijne
name: Sandrik, Mary
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 111099 Nursing not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: PURPOSE: The aim of this quality improvement (QI) project was to assess a shadowing experience with a certifi ed WOC nurse (CWOCN) on 4 interprofessional collaborative practice domains: interprofessional communication, role awareness and responsibilities, teams and teamwork, and values and ethics for interprofessional practice. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING: Forty-nine physician residents in Family and Internal Medicine participated in this project set at a health system in Chicago, Illinois. APPROACH: Residents spent 16 hours shadowing a CWOCN and completed the Interprofessional Education Collaborative Competency Self-Assessment Tool (IPESAT) instrument pre- and postshadowing that measured 4 interprofessional education (IPE) domains: interprofessional communication, role awareness and responsibilities, teams and teamwork, and values and ethics for interprofessional practice. Paired t tests were performed to determine differences in IPESAT scores before and after the shadowing experience. OUTCOMES: Residents demonstrated signifi cant improvement in their overall knowledge of IPE ( P = .000) as well as knowledge within each of the 4 domains ( P = .000). After the shadowing experience, the overall ranking improved by 7.5%; the greatest gain (10.8%) occurred in the teamwork domain. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: We found that even a comparatively brief shadowing experience with a CWOCN improved knowledge in IPE competencies. The shadowing experience is now permanently part of the Internal Medicine Residency program, and based on these IPE outcomes, other residency programs in our setting, such as the Rehabilitation and Family Medicine program, have increased their requests to shadow with the CWOCN.
Nagios Based Enhanced IT Management System
Creators: name: Kora, Ahmed Dooguy
name: Soidridine, Moussa Moindze
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The integrated management of multi-providers equipments is a key asset for telecommunication operators or service providers when selecting the appropriate network and service management platform for their network. In this paper, we present an open and adaptable platform that support fault and configuration management for next-generation networks. This platform Named Nagios based - information technology management system (NB-ITMS) leverage of the well-known Nagios platform to implement new capabilities. Offering additional features applications and management functions enable easy and low cost management of advanced services and networks technologies. The performance of our platform has been compared to existing off-the-shell platforms.
description: ISSN : 0975-5462; (IJEST), Vol. 4 No.03 March 2012
Negative Refraction and Superconductivity
Creators: name: Amariti, Antonio
name: Forcella, Davide
name: Mariotti, Alberto
name: Siani, Massimo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss exotic properties of charged hydrodynamical systems, in the broken superconducting phase, probed by electromagnetic waves. Motivated by general arguments from hydrodynamics, we observe that negative refraction, namely the propagation in opposite directions of the phase velocities and of the energy flux, is expected for low enough frequencies. We corroborate this general idea by analyzing a holographic superconductor in the AdS/CFT correspondence, where the response functions can be explicitly computed. We study the dual gravitational theory both in the probe and in the backreacted case. We find that, while in the first case the refractive index is positive at every frequency, in the second case there is negative refraction at low enough frequencies. This is in agreement with hydrodynamic considerations.
description: 26 pages, 28 figures
Catching the k-NAESAT Threshold
Creators: name: Coja-Oghlan, Amin
name: Panagiotou, Konstantinos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The best current estimates of the thresholds for the existence of solutions in random constraint satisfaction problems ('CSPs') mostly derive from the first and the second moment method. Yet apart from a very few exceptional cases these methods do not quite yield matching upper and lower bounds. According to deep but non-rigorous arguments from statistical mechanics, this discrepancy is due to a change in the geometry of the set of solutions called condensation that occurs shortly before the actual threshold for the existence of solutions (Krzakala, Montanari, Ricci-Tersenghi, Semerjian, Zdeborova: PNAS 2007). To cope with condensation, physicists have developed a sophisticated but non-rigorous formalism called Survey Propagation (Mezard, Parisi, Zecchina: Science 2002). This formalism yields precise conjectures on the threshold values of many random CSPs. Here we develop a new Survey Propagation inspired second moment method for the random k-NAESAT problem, which is one of the standard benchmark problems in the theory of random CSPs. This new technique allows us to overcome the barrier posed by condensation rigorously. We prove that the threshold for the existence of solutions in random $k$-NAESAT is $2^{k-1}\ln2-(\frac{\ln2}2+\frac14)+\eps_k$, where $|\eps_k| \le 2^{-(1-o_k(1))k}$, thereby verifying the statistical mechanics conjecture for this problem.
Thermonuclear and Electron-Capture Supernovae from Stripped-Envelope Stars
Creators: name: Chanlaridis, Savvas
name: Antoniadis, John
name: Aguilera-Dena, David R.
name: Gräfener, Götz
name: Langer, Norbert
name: Stergioulas, Nikolaos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: (abridged) When stripped from their hydrogen-rich envelopes, stars with initial masses between $\sim$7 and 11 M$_\odot$ develop massive degenerate cores and collapse. Depending on the final structure and composition, the outcome can range from a thermonuclear explosion, to the formation of a neutron star in an electron-capture supernova (ECSN). It has been recently demonstrated that stars in this mass range may initiate explosive oxygen burning when their central densities are still below $ρ_{\rm c} \lesssim 10^{9.6}$ g cm$^{-3}$. This makes them interesting candidates for type Ia supernovae -- which we call (C)ONe SNe Ia -- and might have broader implications for the formation of neutron stars via ECSNe. Here, we model the evolution of 252 helium stars with initial masses in the $0.8-3.5$ M$_\odot$ range, and metallicities between $Z=10^{-4}$ and $0.02$. We use these models to constrain the central densities, compositions and envelope masses at the time of explosive oxygen ignition. We further investigate the sensitivity of these properties to mass loss rate assumptions using additional models with varying wind efficiencies. We find that helium stars with masses between $\sim$1.8 and 2.7 M$_\odot$ evolve onto $1.35-1.37$ M$_\odot$ (C)ONe cores that initiate explosive burning at central densities between $\rm \log_{10}(ρ_c)\sim 9.3$ and 9.6. We constrain the amount of residual carbon retained after core carbon burning, and conclude that it plays a critical role in determining the final outcome: Chandrasekhar-mass degenerate cores that retain more than $\sim 0.005$ M$_\odot$ of carbon result in (C)ONe SNe Ia, while those with lower carbon mass become ECSNe. We find that (C)ONe SNe Ia are more likely to occur at high metallicities, whereas at low metallicities ECSNe dominate.
description: Accepted in Astronomy & Astrophysics; v2 matches the accepted version. Comments are welcome
Loophole-free Bell test for one atom and less than one photon
Creators: name: Sangouard, N.
name: Bancal, J. -D.
name: Gisin, N.
name: Rosenfeld, W.
name: Sekatski, P.
name: Weber, M.
name: Weinfurter, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the entanglement between two internal states of a single atom and two photon number states describing either the vaccum or a single photon and thus containing, on average, less than one photon. We show that this intriguing entanglement can be characterized through substantial violations of a Bell inequality by performing homodyne detections on the optical mode. We present the experimental challenges that need to be overcome to pave the way towards a loophole-free Bell test in this setup.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures
Testing de Broglie's double solution in the mesoscopic regime
Creators: name: Durt, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present here solutions of a non-linear Schroedinger equation in presence of an arbitrary linear external potential. The non-linearity expresses a self-focusing interaction. These solutions are the product of the pilot wave with peaked solitons the velocity of which obeys the guidance equation derived by Louis de Broglie in 1926. The degree of validity of our approximations increases when the size of the soliton decreases and becomes negligible compared to the typical size over which the pilot wave varies. We discuss the possibility to reveal their existence by implementing a humpty-dumpty Stern-Gerlach interferometer in the mesoscopic regime.
Variational Quantum Simulation of Valence-Bond Solids
Creators: name: Huerga, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a hybrid quantum-classical variational algorithm to simulate ground-state phase diagrams of frustrated quantum spin models in the thermodynamic limit. The method is based on a cluster-Gutzwiller ansatz where the wave function of the cluster is provided by a parameterized quantum circuit whose key ingredient is a two-qubit real XY gate allowing to efficiently generate valence-bonds on nearest-neighbor qubits. Additional tunable single-qubit Z- and two-qubit ZZ-rotation gates allow the description of magnetically ordered and paramagnetic phases while restricting the variational optimization to the U(1) subspace. We benchmark the method against the J1-J2 Heisenberg model on the square lattice and uncover its phase diagram, which hosts long-range ordered Neel and columnar anti-ferromagnetic phases, as well as an intermediate valence-bond solid phase characterized by a periodic pattern of 2x2 strongly-correlated plaquettes. Our results show that the convergence of the algorithm is guided by the onset of long-range order, opening a promising route to synthetically realize frustrated quantum magnets and their quantum phase transition to paramagnetic valence-bond solids with currently developed superconducting circuit devices.
description: 7+3 pages, 4+3 figures
Upper limit to magnetism in LaAlO3/SrTiO3 heterostructures
Creators: name: Fitzsimmons, M. R.
name: Hengartner, N.
name: Singh, S.
name: Zhernenkov, M.
name: Bruno, F. Y.
name: Santamaria, J.
name: Brinkman, A.
name: Huijben, M.
name: Molegraaf, H.
name: de la Venta, J.
name: Schuller, Ivan K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using polarized neutron reflectometry (PNR) we measured the neutron spin dependent reflectivity from four LaAlO3/SrTiO3 superlattices. This experiment implies that the upper limit for the magnetization induced by an 11 T magnetic field at 1.7 K is 2 emu/cm3. SQUID magnetometry of the superlattices sporadically finds an enhanced moment, possibly due to experimental artifacts. These observations set important restrictions on theories which imply a strongly enhanced magnetism at the interface between LaAlO3 and SrTiO3.
A Removable Class III Traction Appliance for Early Class III Treatment
Creators: name: Moore, Kristin N.
name: Musich, David R.
name: Taylor, Donald
name: Kusnoto, Budi
name: Evans, Carla A.
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Maxillary, mandibular, and dental effects resulting from the use of a removable intraoral Class III traction appliance as well as the protraction facemask in treatment of Class III malocclusion were assessed. This is a retrospective study comparing measurements from pre-treatment and post-treatment lateral cephalometric radiographs of two groups. Group 1 consisted of 25 patients treated with rapid palatal expansion followed by a removable intraoral Class III traction appliance. Group 2 consisted of 25 patients treated with rapid palatal expansion followed by a protraction facemask. The subjects were Caucasian, both male and female, with an age range of 3 to 12 years. The only significant differences were in length of treatment time and the skeletal change of angle SNA. The mean treatment times were 6.96 months and 10.96 months in the removable Class III traction appliance and protraction facemask groups, respectively. The mean increase in SNA was 0.46 degrees in the removable Class III traction appliance group and 1.81 degrees in the protraction facemask group. A removable Class III traction appliance provides orthodontists with another useful Class III treatment modality.