cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The effect of aqueous alteration and metamorphism in the survival of presolar silicate grains in chondrites
Creators: name: Trigo-Rodriguez, Josep M.
name: Blum, Jurgen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Relatively small amounts (typically between 2-200 parts per million) of presolar grains have been preserved in the matrices of chondritic meteorites. The measured abundances of the different types of grains are highly variable from one chondrite to another, but are higher in unequilibrated chondrites that have experienced little or no aqueous alteration and/or metamorphic heating than in processed meteorites. A general overview of the abundances measured in presolar grains (particularly the recently identified presolar silicates) contained in primitive chondrites is presented. Here we will focus on the most primitive chondrite groups, as typically the highest measured abundances of presolar grains occur in primitive chondrites that have experienced little thermal metamorphism. Looking at the most aqueously altered chondrite groups, we find a clear pattern of decreasing abundance of presolar silicate grains with increasing level of aqueous alteration. We conclude that the measured abundances of presolar grains in altered chondrites are strongly biased by their peculiar histories. Scales quantifying the intensity of aqueous alteration and shock metamorphism in chondrites could correlate with the content in presolar silicates. To do this it would be required to infer the degree of destruction or homogenization of presolar grains in the matrices of primitive meteorites. To get an unbiased picture of the relative abundance of presolar grains in the different regions of the protoplanetary disk where first meteorites consolidated, future dedicated studies of primitive meteorites, IDPs, and collected materials from sample-return missions (like e.g. the planned Marco Polo) are urgently required.
description: 15 pages, 3 figures, published in PASA as part of the Proceedings of the 2008 Torino Conference "The Origin of the Elements Heavier than Iron"
Map #423, Site 5MT10647, Pithouse 205-226, Main Chamber, Surface 1
Creators: name: DeVos, Jim
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Southwestern Colorado
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/2810/southwestern-colorado
subject: Southwestern US
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/84604/southwestern-us
subject: Basketmaker III
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/temporal-keyword/78/basketmaker-iii
subject: Pueblo I
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/temporal-keyword/54/pueblo-i
subject: Pueblo II
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/temporal-keyword/55/pueblo-ii
subject: 5MT10647
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/118013/5mt10647
subject: Dillard Site
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/118012/dillard-site

description: Site 5MT10647, Pithouse 205-226, Main Chamber, Surface 1
Transportation of Frozen Citrus Concentrate by Railroad and Motortruck from Florida to Northern Markets
Creators: name: Redit, Walter H.
name: Johnson, Harold D.
name: Hall, James D.
name: Cubbedge, Randall
name: Kaufman, J.
name: Redit, Walter H.
name: Johnson, Harold D.
name: Hall, James D.
name: Cubbedge, Randall
name: Kaufman, J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1951
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: Excerpts from the report Introduction: Transportation facilities capable of maintaining temperatures low enough for the adequate protection of frozen foods moving long distances are a major problem for processors and distributors. It is intensified by the increasing demands resulting from the rapidly growing Florida citrus concentrate industry. Research has shown the desirability of maintaining temperatures at or below 0° F. for long storage of frozen foods. The industry has therefore considered it essential to hold all its products at this temperature in transit and storage, although there is no conclusive evidence that somewhat higher temperatures for short storage periods are harmful to quality. Although data had been collected on the rail movement of frozen foods, very little was known about the performance of refrigerated trucks. It was therefore decided to devote the major effort of the study to trucks, with enough attention to rail equipment to bring up to date the data on equipment, including some new types of experimental cars, used in the concentrate movement. The work was started in April and continued intermittently through October 1950. It included 4 rail tests from Florida to eastern points and 22 truck tests from Florida to eastern and midwestern destinations.
Limb Spicules from the Ground and from Space
Creators: name: Pasachoff, Jay M.
name: Jacobson, William A.
name: Sterling, Alphonse C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We amassed statistics for quiet-sun chromosphere spicules at the limb using ground-based observations from the Swedish 1-m Solar Telescope on La Palma and simultaneously from NASA's Transition Region and Coronal Explorer (TRACE) spacecraft. The observations were obtained in July 2006. With the 0.2 arcsecond resolution obtained after maximizing the ground-based resolution with the Multi-Object Multi-Frame Blind Deconvolution (MOMFBD) program, we obtained specific statistics for sizes and motions of over two dozen individual spicules, based on movies compiled at 50-second cadence for the series of five wavelengths observed in a very narrow band at H-alpha, on-band and in the red and blue wings at 0.035 nm and 0.070 nm (10 s at each wavelength) using the SOUP filter, and had simultaneous observations in the 160 nm EUV continuum from TRACE. The MOMFBD restoration also automatically aligned the images, facilitating the making of Dopplergrams at each off-band pair. We studied 40 H-alpha spicules, and 14 EUV spicules that overlapped H-alpha spicules; we found that their dynamical and morphological properties fit into the framework of several previous studies. From a preliminary comparison with spicule theories, our observations are consistent with a reconnection mechanism for spicule generation, and with UV spicules being a sheath region surrounding the H-alpha spicules.
Time scales of the s process - from minutes to ages
Creators: name: Käppeler, F.
name: Bisterzo, S.
name: Gallino, R.
name: Heil, M.
name: Pignatari, M.
name: Reifarth, R.
name: Straniero, O.
name: Walter, S.
name: Winckler, N.
name: Wisshak, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A discussion of the time scales in the s process appears to be an approriate aspect to discuss at the occasion of 70th anniversary of Roberto Gallino, the more as this subject has been repeatedly addressed during the 20 years of collaboration between Torino and Karlsruhe. The two chronometers presented in this text were selected to illustrate the intense mutual stimulation of both groups. Based on a reliable set of accurate stellar (n, gamma) cross sections determined mostly at FZK, the Torino group succeeded to develop a comprehensive picture of the various s-process scenarios, which are most valuable for understanding the composition of the solar system as well as for the interpretation of an increasing number of astronomical observations.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
Characterizing the Effect of Capillary Heterogeneity on Multiphase Flow Pulsation in an Intermediate-Scale Beadpack Experiment Using Time Series Clustering and Frequency Analysis
Creators: name: Ni, Hailun
name: Meckel, Tim A.
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2021
Subjects: CO2 flow
nonwetting phase pulsation
fluid flow
flow pulsation

description: An intermediate-scale beadpack drainage experiment was conducted to investigate how simple layered lamination heterogeneity affects CO2 flow. Two simple layers of capillary barriers are manually packed in the tank and slow drainage was carried out using analog fluids to mimic the capillary- and gravity-dominated CO2 upward migration process in deep saline aquifers. Nonwetting phase saturation time series clustering analysis and frequency analysis have been conducted on the experimental data. Additionally, modified invasion percolation numerical simulations were done on a digital model of the beadpack to compare to experimental results. Results show that capillary barriers can lead to strong pulsation behavior, which in turn can cause unexpected early breaching through other barriers. The inlet pressure is found to be able to respond to saturation changes in far regions of the domain, indicating that the wetting phase can transmit pressure changes from the other phase. Although static simulations were not able to capture all the dynamic behavior observed in the experiment, Monte Carlo composite simulation results combining many different realizations can better illustrate how the nonwetting phase will behave in the heterogeneous domain. Our results suggest the need for CO2 storage site selection with preference given to aquifers with more capillary barriers with finer grain sizes to avoid flow pulsation and to retard plume upward migration.
Parametric modeling of ac-dc converters for power system transient studies
Creators: name: Hosseinian, Parastoo Sadat
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2023

description: The AC-DC line-commutated converters and voltage-source converters are widely used ‎in various high-power applications. It is imperative to conduct efficient and precise computer ‎simulations for practical and reliable analysis, design, and study of converter-based power ‎systems. However, detailed switching models of such converters offered by many commercial ‎electromagnetic transient (EMT) simulation programs are known to be computationally ‎expensive. ‎ The average-value modelling (AVM) technique has been developed to achieve ‎computationally efficient models of ac-dc converters for system-level studies. The AVMs ‎neglect the switching and capture the averaged dynamics of converters only. This thesis ‎advances the state-of-the-art and develops computationally efficient and accurate models of ac-‎dc converters for EMTP-type simulation programs. The proposed approach is able to ‎reconstruct the converter waveforms, including all ac harmonics and dc ripples, without ‎switching circuit elements. Two interfacing methods of the proposed model are presented for ‎indirect and direct interfacing in EMTP-type solutions. The proposed modelling approach is ‎demonstrated to have superior computational efficiency and the ability to accommodate larger ‎time steps compared to detailed switching models of line commutated converters (LCCs) and ‎voltage source converters (VSCs) in ac-dc power systems. It is envisioned that the new models ‎will become adopted by many commonly used offline and real-time EMT simulators.‎
Map #454, Site 5MT10647, Pithouse 309, Surface 1
Creators: name: DeVos, Jim
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Southwestern Colorado
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/2810/southwestern-colorado
subject: Southwestern US
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/84604/southwestern-us
subject: Basketmaker III
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/temporal-keyword/78/basketmaker-iii
subject: Pueblo I
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/temporal-keyword/54/pueblo-i
subject: Pueblo II
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/temporal-keyword/55/pueblo-ii
subject: 5MT10647
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/118013/5mt10647
subject: Dillard Site
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/118012/dillard-site

description: Site 5MT10647, Pithouse 309, Surface 1
Photonic bandgap fiber bundle spectrometer
Creators: name: Hang, Qu
name: Ung, Bora
name: Syed, Imran
name: Guo, Ning
name: Skorobogatiy, Maksim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We experimentally demonstrate an all-fiber spectrometer consisting of a photonic bandgap fiber bundle and a black and white CCD camera. Photonic crystal fibers used in this work are the large solid core all-plastic Bragg fibers designed for operation in the visible spectral range and featuring bandgaps of 60nm - 180nm-wide. 100 Bragg fibers were chosen to have complimentary and partially overlapping bandgaps covering a 400nm-840nm spectral range. The fiber bundle used in our work is equivalent in its function to a set of 100 optical filters densely packed in the area of ~1cm2. Black and white CCD camera is then used to capture spectrally "binned" image of the incoming light at the output facet of a fiber bundle. To reconstruct the test spectrum from a single CCD image we developed an algorithm based on pseudo-inversion of the spectrometer transmission matrix. We then study resolution limit of this spectroscopic system by testing its performance using spectrally narrow test peaks (FWHM 5nm-25nm) centered at various positions within the 450nm-700nm spectral interval. We find that the peak center wavelength can always be reconstructed within several percent of its true value regardless of the peak width or position. We believe that photonic bandgap fiber bundle-based spectrometers have a potential to become an important technology in multispectral imaging because of their simplicity (lack of moving parts), instantaneous response, and high degree of integration.
description: 15 pages; 8 figures
The materiality of precarity: Gender, race and energy infrastructure in urban South Africa
Creators: name: Phillips, Jon
name: Petrova, Saska
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Articles
Precarity
social reproduction
racialization
vulnerability
surplus population

description: Analysis of precarity has offered a critique of labour market experiences and politically induced conditions of work, housing, migration, or essential services. This paper develops an infrastructural politics of precarity by analysing energy as a critical sphere of social and ecological reproduction. We employ precarity to understand how gendered and racialised vulnerability to energy deprivation is induced through political processes. In turn, analysis of energy illustrates socio-material processes of precarity, produced and contested through infrastructure. Our argument is developed through scalar analysis of energy precarity in urban South Africa, a country that complicates a North-South framing of debates on both precarity and energy. We demonstrate how energy precarity can be reproduced or destabilised through: social and material relations of housing, tenure, labour and infrastructure; the formation of gendered and racialized energy subjects; and resistance and everyday practices. We conclude that analysis of infrastructure provides insights on how precarity is contested as a shared condition and on the prospect of systemic change through struggles over distribution and production.
Estimation of CO₂ emissions from petroleum refineries based on the total operable capacity for carbon capture applications
Creators: name: Madugula, Adhish Chandra Saketh
name: Sachde, Darshan
name: Hovorka, Susan D.
name: Meckel, Tim A.
name: Benson, Tracy J.
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2021
Subjects: carbon
capture
compression
dehydration
regression
refinery
operating capacity

description: Carbon capture and storage processes are sought to play a major role in reducing carbon emissions from large point sources. Petroleum refineries, in particular, produce several streams that are CO2-rich, including fluidized catalytic cracking, steam methane reforming, and natural gas combustion processes that generate heat for re- finery operations. Of these, stationary combustion processes account for nearly two-thirds of all CO2 generated within a refinery. In this work, a regression analysis was performed to correlate the size and power requirements for the combined capture, compression, and dehydration process dependent upon a refinery’s operating capacity. Refinery capacity and CO2 generation data from 128 U.S. refineries were normalized, and a linear regression model was developed. A capture, compression, and dehydration process model was developed using Aspen HYSYS for delivery of CO2 (10–15 wt. % in steam) to pipeline specifications (500 ppm H2O, 15.2 MPa). Predicted CO2 emissions were 0.1 to 7.7 % of actual emissions, depending on whether a refinery had a low, medium, or high carbon emission/capacity ratio.
Play interventions for paediatric patients in hospital: a scoping review
Creators: name: Gjærde, Line Klingen
name: Hybschmann, Jane
name: Dybdal, Daniel
name: Topperzer, Martha Krogh
name: Schrøder, Morten Arnborg
name: Gibson, Jenny Louise
name: Ramchandani, Paul
name: Ginsberg, Elisabeth Ida
name: Ottesen, Bent
name: Frandsen, Thomas Leth
name: Sørensen, Jette Led
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Paediatrics
1506
1719
paediatrics
quality in health care
pain management
radiology & imaging
rehabilitation medicine

description: Objective: Play is a non-invasive, safe and inexpensive intervention that can help paediatric patients and their families manage difficult aspects of being ill or hospitalised. Although play has existed in hospitals for decades, research on hospital play interventions is scarce. This review aimed to categorise and synthesise the last 20 years of research on hospital play interventions. Design: Scoping review. Data sources: PubMed, CINAHL, CENTRAL, ERIC and PsycINFO (1 January 2000– 9 September 2020). Study selection and data extraction: We systematically searched for original peer-reviewed articles, written in English, on hospital play interventions in paediatric patients (0–18 years) in non-psychiatric settings. Two reviewers independently screened titles and abstracts, reviewed full text of relevant articles and extracted data. We thematically synthesised the data from the included studies, and a descriptive analysis, based on a developed framework, is presented. Results: Of the 297 included articles, 78% came from high-income countries and 56% were published within the last 5 years. Play interventions were carried out across all ages by various healthcare professionals. Play interventions served different roles within four clinical contexts: A) procedures and diagnostic tests, B) patient education, C) treatment and recovery and D) adaptation. Across these contexts, play interventions were generally facilitated and purpose-oriented and had positive reported effects on pain, stress, and anxiety. Conclusions: Play in hospitals is an emerging interdisciplinary research area with a significant potential benefit for child and family health. Future research should further describe principles for play in hospitals. High-quality studies investigating short-term and long-term effects are needed to guide when and how to best integrate play in hospitals.
Hylambates Aubryi A. Dum.
Creators: name: Müller, F
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1885
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Carabidae
Hylambates

description: * Hylambates Aubryi A. Dum.
(Leptopelis A. Gü.)
Tumbo-Insel v. H. Mich. Müller. [1]
description: Published as part of Müller, F, 1885, Vierter Nachtrag zum Katalogder herpetologischen Sammlung des Basler Museums, pp. 668-717 in Verhandlungen der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Basel. 7 (3) on page 671, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.part.2388, http://zenodo.org/record/15183591
Common risk segment mapping: Streamlining exploration for carbon storage sites, with application to coastal Texas and Louisiana
Creators: name: Bump, Alexander P.
name: Hovorka, Susan D.
name: Meckel, Tim A.
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2021
Subjects: exploration
CCS
geologic storage
CRS
site screening
Gulf of Mexico

description: Large-scale deployment of Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) will require a commensurately large number of sites. Efficient screening methods are needed to create investment assurance and focus efforts on the most promising sites. The problem is similar to petroleum exploration, for which there are well-developed (though seldom published) workflows, including Common Risk Segment (CRS) mapping. In brief, the process requires 1) defining the key play elements; 2) identifying candidate geologic intervals for each; 3) creating fact-based maps for those intervals; 4) determining minimum criteria for the success of each element; 5) reinterpreting the fact- based maps in terms of chance of success; and 6) combining the individual maps to form a composite, basin-scale view of prospectivity. In this paper, we adapt the CRS process to screening for CO2 storage sites. Critically, we redefine the process in terms of cost of characterization and development, rather than chance of success. For illustration, we apply the process to the example of the Lower Miocene on the Texas and Louisiana Gulf Coast. We show that the predictions are consistent with historic hydrocarbon production volumes and rates. The power of the CRS method is that it creates a systematic approach to geologic evaluation and translates complex, multidimensional analysis into clear, graphical and easily comprehended business inputs. The result highlights sweet spots and identifies critical risks, suggesting a focus for further data collection and analysis. The method developed here can be applied to both surface and subsurface factors anywhere that there is interest in geologic storage of CO2.
Cost of material or information flow in complex transportation networks
Creators: name: Barbosa, L. A.
name: da Silva, J. K. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To analyze the transport of information or material from a source to every node of a network we use two quantities introduced in the study of river networks: the cost and the flow. For a network with $K$ nodes and $M$ levels, we show that an upper bound to the global cost is $C_{0,max}\propto KM$. From numerical simulations for spanning tree networks with scale-free topology and with $10^2$ up to $10^7$ nodes, it is found, for large $K$, that the average number of levels and the global cost are given by $M\propto \ln(K)$ and $C_0\propto K\ln (K)$, respectively. These results agree very well with the ones obtained from a mean-field approach. If the network is characterized by a degree distribution of connectivity $P(k)\propto k^{- γ}$, we also find that the transport efficiency increases as long as $γ$ decreases and that spanning tree networks with scale-free topology are more optimized to transfer information or material than random networks.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures
Within and between-day reliability of energetic cost measures during treadmill walking
Creators: name: Davidson, Audra
name: Gardinier, Emily S.
name: Gates, Deanna H.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 60506 Virology

description: The efficacy of assistive devices used during walking is often measured as a reduction in metabolic cost. Metabolic cost is typically assessed within a day or on multiple days, yet the benefit of performing within-day vs. between-day metabolic assessments is unknown. The purpose of this study was to determine the within-day minimal detectable change of standard measures of physiologic performance using a conventional portable metabolic system (K4b2 Cosmed, Rome, Italy), and compare these to between-day values. Twenty healthy adults completed two identical data collection sessions on separate days. In each session they performed three bouts of treadmill walking interspersed with three bouts of rest while oxygen consumption (VO2˙), carbon dioxide production, and heart rate were measured. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) and minimal detectable change values were calculated for non-resting within-day, as well as all between-day comparisons. All within-day measures were clinically reliable (ICC > 0.96), while between-day measures were generally less reliable (ICCs > 0.82). Within-day minimal detectable change values (walking heart rate = 4.9 bpm; gross VO2˙ = 0.80 mL/kg/min; net VO2˙ = 0.80 mL/kg/min; cost of transport = 0.022 J/Nm) were about half as large as between-day values. The results of this study suggest that, where possible, physiologic changes should be assessed within a single day of testing to maximize ability to detect small changes in performance.
Anthropometric cut-offs to identify hyperglycemia in an Afro-Caribbean population: a cross-sectional population-based study from Barbados
Creators: name: Wade, Alisha N
name: Hambleton, Ian R
name: Hennis, Anselm J M
name: Howitt, Christina
name: Jeyaseelan, Selvi M
name: Ojeh, Nkemcho O
name: Rose, Angela M C
name: Unwin, Nigel
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Epidemiology/Health services research
1506
1867
body mass index
waist circumference
anthropometry

description: Introduction: Body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) cut-offs associated with hyperglycemia may differ by ethnicity. We investigated the optimal BMI and WC cut-offs for identifying hyperglycemia in the predominantly Afro-Caribbean population of Barbados. Research design and methods: A cross-sectional study of 865 individuals aged ≥25 years without known diabetes or cardiovascular disease was conducted. Hyperglycemia was defined as fasting plasma glucose ≥5.6 mmol/L or hemoglobin A1c ≥5.7% (39 mmol/mol). The Youden index was used to identify the optimal cut-offs from the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Further ROC analysis and multivariable log binomial regression were used to compare standard and data-derived cut-offs. Results: The prevalence of hyperglycemia was 58.9% (95% CI 54.7% to 63.0%). In women, optimal BMI and WC cut-offs (27 kg/m2 and 87 cm, respectively) performed similarly to standard cut-offs. In men, sensitivities of the optimal cut-offs of BMI ≥24 kg/m2 (72.0%) and WC ≥86 cm (74.0%) were higher than those for standard BMI and WC obesity cut-offs (30.0% and 25%–46%, respectively), although with lower specificity. Hyperglycemia was 70% higher in men above the data-derived WC cut-off (prevalence ratio 95% CI 1.2 to 2.3). Conclusions: While BMI and WC cut-offs in Afro-Caribbean women approximate international standards, our findings, consistent with other studies, suggest lowering cut-offs in men may be warranted to improve detection of hyperglycemia. Our findings do, however, require replication in a new data set.
Efficient marine environmental characterization to support monitoring of geological CO2 storage
Creators: name: Blackford, Jerry
name: Romanak, Katherine
name: Huvenne, Veerle A.I.
name: Lichtschlag, Anna
name: Strong, James Asa
name: Alendal, Guttorm
name: Schütz, Sigrid Eskeland
name: Oleynik, Anna
name: Dankel, Dorothy J.
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2021
Subjects: carbon capture and storage
marine
environment
monitoring
impact assessment
baselines
characterization
oceanographic data

description: Full text available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijggc.2021.103388
description: Carbon capture and storage is key for mitigating greenhouse gas emissions, and offshore geological formations provide vast CO2 storage potential. Monitoring of sub-seabed CO2 storage sites requires that anomalies signifying a loss of containment be detected, and if attributed to storage, quantified and their impact assessed. However, monitoring at or above the seabed is only useful if one can reliably differentiate abnormal signals from natural variability. Baseline acquisition is the default option for describing the natural state, however we argue that a comprehensive baseline assessment is likely expensive and time-bound, given the multi-decadal nature of CCS operations and the dynamic heterogeneity of the marine environment. We present an outline of the elements comprising an efficient marine environmental baseline to support offshore monitoring. We demonstrate that many of these elements can be derived from pre-existing and ongoing sources, not necessarily related to CCS project development. We argue that a sufficient baseline can be achieved by identifying key emergent properties of the system rather than assembling an extensive description of the physical, chemical and biological states. Further, that contemporary comparisons between impacted and non-impacted sites are likely to be as valuable as before and after comparisons. However, as these emergent properties may be nuanced between sites and seasons and comparative studies need to be validated by the careful choice of reference site, a site-specific understanding of the scales of heterogeneity will be an invaluable component of a baseline.
Aperiodic magnetic turbulence produced by relativistic ion beams
Creators: name: Niemiec, Jacek
name: Pohl, Martin
name: Bret, Antoine
name: Stroman, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic-field generation by a relativistic ion beam propagating through an electron-ion plasma along a homogeneous magnetic field is investigated with 2.5D high-resolution particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations. The studies test predictions of a strong amplification of short-wavelength modes of magnetic turbulence upstream of nonrelativistic and relativistic parallel shocks associated with supernova remnants, jets of active galactic nuclei, and gamma-ray bursts. We find good agreement in the properties of the turbulence observed in our simulations compared with the dispersion relation calculated for linear waves with arbitrary orientation of ${\vec k}$. Depending on the parameters, the backreaction on the ion beam leads to filamentation of the ambient plasma and the beam, which in turn influences the properties of the magnetic turbulence. For mildly- and ultra-relativistic beams, the instability saturates at field amplitudes a few times larger than the homogeneous magnetic field strength. This result matches our recent studies of nonrelativistically drifting, hot cosmic-ray particles upstream of supernova-remnant shocks which indicated only a moderate magnetic-field amplification by nonresonant instabilities. We also demonstrate that the aperiodic turbulence generated by the beam can provide efficient particle scattering with a rate compatible with Bohm diffusion. Representing the ion beam as a constant external current, i.e. excluding a backreaction of the magnetic turbulence on the beam, we observe non-resonant parallel modes with wavelength and growth rate as predicted by analytic calculations. In this unrealistic setup the magnetic field is amplified to amplitudes far exceeding the homogeneous field, as observed in recent MHD and PIC simulations.
description: 14 pages, 8 figures, accepted to ApJ
Genomics of adaptation in interior spruce to past, present, and future climates of western Canada
Creators: name: Degner, Jonathan
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2023

description: The interior spruce of western Canada comprises complex hybrids of white spruce (Picea glauca) and Engelmann spruce (Picea engelmannii). These trees are a keystone of their ecosystems and are economically important to forestry in western Canada. As rapid climate change is a particular threat to long-lived forest trees, understanding climate adaptation in this species complex is critical to anticipate and mitigate impacts to our forests. Using an existing dataset of genotyped seedlings representing 254 provenances throughout British Columbia and Alberta, I assessed the role of hybridization in climate adaptation within this species complex. Using a novel climatic similarity index, I determined that the hybrid zone is a climatic mosaic of its parent species’ ranges, with a precipitation regime more similar to white spruce and a winter temperature regime more similar to Engelmann spruce. I identified SNPs with an excess of alleles from one parent species across a broad range of hybrids. SNPs with a bias towards Engelmann spruce alleles tended to be strongly correlated with temperature variables, while SNPs with higher white spruce allele frequencies were more correlated with precipitation variables, suggesting that favorable parental alleles efficiently introgress into hybrids and allow them to adapt to novel climates. Using the strong relationship between hybrid index and climate, I combined genomic and climate data with existing ecological plot data to model hybrid index throughout western Canada. These models were applied to paleoclimatic simulations which, combined with mitochondrial haplotypes, allowed me to infer the colonization history of spruce in western Canada following deglaciation. I also used these hybrid index models to estimate the impacts of contemporary and future climate change on the hybrid zone, predicting large shifts in species ranges and large genomic shifts in areas where spruce persists. Together, these results demonstrate that hybridization has greatly contributed to local climate adaptation in interior spruce, and that climate change poses an existential threat to forests in the finely tuned adaptive landscape of this hybrid zone. This knowledge of local adaptation can inform our reforestation practices, as human intervention will be necessary to align genotypes to climates over the coming decades.
A New Distance to M33 Using Blue Supergiants and the FGLR Method
Creators: name: U, Vivian
name: Urbaneja, Miguel A.
name: Kudritzki, Rolf-Peter
name: Jacobs, Bradley A.
name: Bresolin, Fabio
name: Przybilla, Norbert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quantitative spectral analysis of medium resolution optical spectra of A and B supergiants obtained with DEIMOS and ESI at the Keck Telescopes is used to determine a distance modulus of 24.93 +/- 0.11 mag for the Triangulum Galaxy M33. The analysis yields stellar effective temperatures, gravities, interstellar reddening, and extinction, the combination of which provides a distance estimate via the Flux-weighted Gravity--Luminosity Relationship (FGLR). This result is based on an FGLR calibration that is continually being polished. An average reddening of ~ 0.08 mag is found, with a large variation ranging from 0.01 to 0.16 mag however, demonstrating the importance of accurate individual reddening measurements for stellar distance indicators in galaxies with evident signatures of interstellar absorption. The large distance modulus found is in good agreement with recent work on eclipsing binaries, planetary nebulae, long period variables, RR Lyrae stars, and also with HST observations of Cepheids, if reasonable reddening assumptions are made for the Cepheids. Since distances based on the tip of the red giant branch (TRGB) method found in the literature give conflicting results, we have used HST ACS V- and I-band images of outer regions of M 33 to determine a TRGB distance of 24.84 +/- 0.10 mag, in basic agreement with the FGLR result. We have also determined stellar metallicities and discussed the metallicity gradient in the disk of M33. We find metallicity of $Z_\odot$ at the center and 0.3 $Z_\odot$ in the outskirts at a distance of one isophotal radius. The average logarithmic metallicity gradient is -0.07 +/- 0.01 dex kpc^-1. However, there is a large scatter around this average value, very similar to what has been found for the HII regions in M33.
description: 45 pages, including 17 figures and 4 tables; accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal
Directed Transport of Atoms in a Hamiltonian Quantum Ratchet
Creators: name: Salger, Tobias
name: Kling, Sebastian
name: Hecking, Tim
name: Geckeler, Carsten
name: Morales-Molina, Luis
name: Weitz, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate the operation of a quantum ratchet in the absence of dissipative processes within the observation time (Hamiltonian regime). An atomic rubidium Bose-Einstein condensate is exposed to a sawtooth-like optical lattice potential, whose amplitude is periodically modulated in time. The ratchet transport arises from broken spatiotemporal symmetries of the driven potential, resulting in a desymmetrisation of transporting Eigenstates (Floquet states). The measured atomic current oscillates around a non-zero stationary value at longer observation times, shows resonances at positions determined by the photon recoil and depends on the initial phase of the drive, providing different lines of evidence for the full quantum character of the ratchet transport. The results provide a proof of principle demonstration of a quantum motor.
description: 14 pages, 5 figures
DeepSense: A Physics-Guided Deep Learning Paradigm for Anomaly Detection in Soil Gas Data at Geologic CO2 Storage Sites
Creators: name: Bakhshian, Sahar
name: Romanak, Katherine
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2021
Subjects: geological storage of CO2
environmental monitoring
soil gas sensors
anomaly detection
deep learning
process-based methodology

description: Full text available at: https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.est.1c04048
description: Driven by the collection of enormous amounts of streaming data from sensors, and with the emergence of the internet of things, the need for developing robust detection techniques to identify data anomalies has increased recently. The algorithms for anomaly detection are required to be selected based on the type of data. In this study, we propose a predictive anomaly detection technique, DeepSense, which is applied to soil gas concentration data acquired from sensors being used for environmental characterization at a prospective CO2 storage site in Queensland, Australia. DeepSense takes advantage of deep-learning algorithms as its predictor module and uses a process-based soil gas method as the basis of its anomaly detector module. The proposed predictor framework leverages the power of convolutional neural network algorithms for feature extraction and simultaneously captures the long-term temporal dependency through long short-term memory algorithms. The proposed process-based anomaly detection method is a cost-effective alternative to the conventional concentration-based soil gas methodologies which rely on long-term baseline surveys for defining the threshold level. The results indicate that the proposed framework performs well in diagnosing anomalous data in soil gas concentration data streams. The robustness and efficacy of the DeepSense were verified against data sets acquired from different monitoring stations of the storage site.
Indices of quaternionic complexes
Creators: name: Spacil, Oldrich
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C15, 53C26, 57R20, 58J10

description: Methods of parabolic geometries have been recently used to construct a class of elliptic complexes on quaternionic manifolds, the Salamon's complex being the simplest case. The purpose of this paper is to describe an algorithm how to compute their analytical indices in terms of characteristic classes. Using this, we are able to derive some topological obstructions to existence of quaternionic structures on manifolds.
description: 14 pages
Biomarkers predictive of treatment response in psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis: a systematic review
Creators: name: Magee, Conor
name: Jethwa, Hannah
name: FitzGerald, Oliver M.
name: Jadon, Deepak R.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Review Article
biological therapy
DMARD
drug response biomarkers
psoriatic arthritis
psoriasis
therapeutics

description: Aims:: The ability to predict response to treatment remains a key unmet need in psoriatic disease. We conducted a systematic review of studies relating to biomarkers associated with response to treatment in either psoriasis vulgaris (PsV) or psoriatic arthritis (PsA). Methods:: A search was conducted in PubMed, Embase and the Cochrane library from their inception to 2 September 2020, and conference proceedings from four major rheumatology conferences. Original research articles studying pre-treatment biomarker levels associated with subsequent response to pharmacologic treatment in either PsV or PsA were included. Results:: A total of 765 articles were retrieved and after review, 44 articles (22 relating to PsV and 22 to PsA) met the systematic review’s eligibility criteria. One study examined the response to methotrexate, one the response to tofacitinib and all the other studies to biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs). Whilst several studies examined the HLA-C*06 allele in PsV, the results were conflicting. Interleukin (IL)-12 serum levels and polymorphisms in the IL-12B gene show promise as biomarkers of treatment response in PsV. Most, but not all, studies found that higher baseline levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) were associated with a better clinical response to treatment in patients with PsA. Conclusion:: Several studies have identified biomarkers associated with subsequent response to treatment in psoriatic disease. However, due to the different types of biomarkers, treatments and outcome measures used, firm conclusions cannot be drawn. Further validation is needed before any of these biomarkers translate to clinical practice.
A new platform for topological quantum phenomena : Topological Insulator states in thermoelectric Heusler-related ternary compounds
Creators: name: Lin, H.
name: Wray, L. A.
name: Xia, Y.
name: Jia, S.
name: Cava, R. J.
name: Bansil, A.
name: Hasan, M. Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Topological insulators (TI) realize a novel state of quantum matter that are distinguished by topological invariants of bulk band structure rather than spontaneously broken symmetries. A number of exotic quantum phenomena have been predicted to exist in multiply-connected geometries which require an enormous amount of materials flexibility. We have extended our previous search for TI materials from binary (Bi2X3 series) to the thermoelectric ternary compounds. We discover that the distorted LuPtSb is the first ternary compound harboring a 3D topological insulator state. We also show that the half-Heusler LuPtSb-type series is a natural platform that hosts a range of candidate compounds, alloys and artificial heterostructures (quantum-wells). We also discovered several different paradigms of trivial and non-trivial topological ordering in this class, including a metallic nontrivial topological state in YAuPb. Some of these materials are grown (results will be reported separately).
description: 6 Pages, 3 Figures
Reconnaissance Soil Survey of Liberia
Creators: name: Reed, William E.
name: Reed, William E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1951
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Land Economics/Use
Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: Excerpt from the report Preface: A soil survey of a country is a scientific inventory of its soil resources. It includes classification, mapping, and a study of factors that determine the uses for which soils are best suited. It supplies information that is especially useful for research programs on crops, soils, fertilizers, and land use planning. The use of such a survey may prevent many mistakes and much waste of soil resources. This report presents the results of just such an inventory of the soils of Liberia, one of the several fact-finding surveys carried out by the United States Economic Mission to Liberia in 1944-48. It was the first work of its kind in that area. As the title suggests, it was not a detailed survey; however it yielded much information that will be useful in developing the general agriculture of the country.
Legal geography III: Evidence
Creators: name: Jeffrey, Alex
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Progress reports
evidence
expertise
forensics
law
legal geography

description: This report explores scholarship at the interface of geography and law engaging with the concept of evidence. As with the first two reports, this is not a summary of a predefined field, but rather a consideration of how ideas of what constitutes evidence have been differentially understood across geographical and cognate studies. The discussion spans work that has considered the formal barriers to the production of evidence at trials, the politics of silencing certain evidential practices and interpretive questions relating to claims of expertise.
Map #380, Site 5MT10647, Great Kiva 102, Roof Fall
Creators: name: DeVos, Jim
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Southwestern Colorado
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/2810/southwestern-colorado
subject: Southwestern US
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/84604/southwestern-us
subject: Basketmaker III
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/temporal-keyword/78/basketmaker-iii
subject: Pueblo I
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/temporal-keyword/54/pueblo-i
subject: Pueblo II
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/temporal-keyword/55/pueblo-ii
subject: 5MT10647
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/118013/5mt10647
subject: Dillard Site
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/118012/dillard-site

description: Site 5MT10647, Great Kiva 102, Roof Fall
Was heisst «akademisch tätig sein»? Überlegungen zur Lehrtätigkeit an Hochschulen
Creators: name: Tremp, Peter
name: Hummel, Sandra (Herausgeber/in)
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Higher Education
akademische Tätigkeit
Forschung und Lehre
Aufgabenprofile
didaktische Profilierung
Explizierung

description: «Akademische Tätigkeit» umfasst ein Bündel von Aufgaben. Im traditionellen Selbstverständnis von Professor*innen stehen Forschung und Lehre und ihre Verknüpfung im Zentrum. Der Beitrag diskutiert die Lehre als akademische Tätigkeit, nimmt dabei Bezug zu Grundregeln, Gepflogenheiten und Werten, welche die Academia insgesamt ausmachen, und plädiert für Explizierung und Validierung der eigenen Lehrtätigkeit für und in der Scientific Community.
description: + ID der Publikation: phlu_12757 + Art des Beitrages: Buchkapitel/Beitrag in Sammelband + Seiten: 7 - 18 + Titel der Reihe: Doing Higher Education + Sprache: Deutsch + Bemerkungen: Rückfragen: sandra.betschart@phlu.ch + Letzte Aktualisierung: 2021-01-11 18:40:45
Casimir interactions in Ising strips with boundary fields: exact results
Creators: name: Abraham, Douglas B.
name: Maciolek, Anna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An exact statistical mechanical derivation is given of the critical Casimir forces for Ising strips with arbitrary surface fields applied to edges. Our results show that the strength as well as the sign of the force can be controled by varying the temperature or the fields. An interpretation of the results is given in terms of a linked cluster expansion. This suggests a systematic approach for deriving the critical Casimir force which can be used in more general models.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures