Russelliana
Creators: name: Serbina, Liliya
name: Burckhardt, Daniel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Psyllidae
Russelliana

description: Key to adult Russelliana species
1 Forewing oblong-oval (Fig. 3 A) or oviform (Fig. 3 B, C), usually more than 2.2 times as long as wide, with or without brown pattern.............................................................................................. 2
- Forewing rhomboidal (Fig. 3 D, E), less than 2.2 times as long as wide, always with brown pattern consisting of dots and patches............................................................................................... 39
2 Forewing yellow, with vein C+Sc strongly curved in the middle (Figs 12 H, 15G). Paramere broadly lamellar, process lacking pedicel (Figs 22 G, 25F). Distal segment of aedeagus strongly inflated apically (Figs 27 D, 29F). Dorsal margin of female proctiger, in profile, strongly curved with subapical indentation (Figs 31 F, 34D)....................................... 3
- Combination of characters different....................................................................... 4
3 Forewing with very dense surface spinules in apical half, leaving no spinule-free stripes along veins, lacking well-defined radular areas with spinules along apical margin. AL/HW> 1.0. Male and female terminalia as in Figs 17 G, 31F. Argentina, Chile. On Fabiana imbricata ......................................................................... R. fabianae
- Forewing without surface spinules in apical half, radular spinules covering rounded areas along apical margin of cells r2, m1, m2 and cu1. AL/HW <1.0. Male and female terminalia as in Figs 20 F, 34D. Chile........................... R. viscosae
4 Vertex covered with long setae. Genal processes (Figs 9 I, 10J) long, GL/VL> 0.7. Antenna long, AL/HW> 1.6. Forewing always with dark brown, strongly contrasted pattern (Figs 13 H, 15E). Paramere deeply incised with process and lobe both of subequal length (Figs 23 F, 25D). Distal segment of aedeagus angular apically, with long, tubular lateral lobes (Figs 27 L, 29D). Female terminalia as in Figs 32 D, 34B. On Mulguraea scoparia ................................................5
- Combination of characters different....................................................................... 6
5 Forewing (Fig. 13 H) long, FL/FW> 2.7; base of cell r2 light; veins bearing long macroscopical setae clearly visible at 50x magnification, on vein Rs longer than distance between setae. Argentina ................................. R. marionae
- Forewing (Fig. 15 E) short, FL/FW <2.7; base of cell r2 dark; veins bearing microscopical setae hardly visible at 50x magnification, on vein Rs much shorter than distance between setae. Chile ...................................... R. theresae
6 Body and forewing colour dirty whitish to pale yellow. Paramere with claw-like process (Fig. 24 A, F). Female proctiger covered with short thick bristles in apical third; subgenital plate (Figs 32 H, 33D) with very long apical process, AP/SP> 0.7... 7
- Combination of characters different....................................................................... 8
7 Genal processes (Fig. 9 M) long, GL/VL <0.3. Forewing oblong-oval, broadest in apical third, cell m1 long (Fig. 14 B). Paramere, in profile, with narrow base and strongly expanded towards apex (Fig. 24 A). Distal segment of aedeagus with short beak-like process (Fig. 28 D). Argentina .............................................................. R. nana
- Genal processes (Fig. 10 C) short, GL/VL> 0.5. Forewing oviform, broadest in the middle, cell m1 shorter (Fig. 14 H). Paramere, in profile, oblong-oval (Fig. 24 F). Distal segment of aedeagus broadly, unevenly rounded apically (Fig. 28 I). Brazil........................................................................................... R. queirozae
8 Forewing whitish or yellow, without pattern (Figs 11 A, F, 13A, 15H). Paramere with hook-shaped process in interior position (Figs 21 A, E, 22I, 25G). Distal segment of aedeagus with short beak-like process (Figs 26 A, E, 27F, 29G). Female proctiger pointed apically; dorsal margin, in profile, straight or bent downwards (Figs 30 A, E, 31H, 34E). On Asteraceae ........... 9
- Combination of characters different...................................................................... 12
9 Thorax black, abdomen bright yellow. Forewing oviform, broadest in the middle, narrowly rounded apically (Fig. 11 F). Male and female terminalia as in Figs 16 E, 30E. Female subgenital plate along dorsal margin with thick setae apically which are as long as those ventrally. Chile .................................................................. R. bicolorata
- General colour of body yellow. Forewing oblong-oval, broadest in apical third, broadly rounded apically (Figs 11 A, 13A, 15H). Terminalia different. Female subgenital plate along dorsal margin with thick setae apically which are much shorter than those ventrally.......................................................................................10
10 Forewing whitish or dirty greyish in apical half (Fig. 11 A). Male terminalia as in Fig. 16 A. Female proctiger oblong cuneate; dorsal margin, in profile, almost straight (Fig. 30 A). Chile ............................................... R. adela
- Forewing yellow (Figs 13 A, 15H). Male terminalia as in Figs 17 I, 20G. Female proctiger subglobular; dorsal margin, in profile, strongly bent downwards (Figs 31 H, 34E)............................................................. 11
11 Surface spinules dense, leaving, at most, very narrow spinule-free stripes along veins in apical part. Paramere with process on short pedicel, median hump large and in distance from process, and with prolonged, curved apex of lobe (Fig. 22 I). Distal segment of aedeagus with short thick beak-like process (Fig. 27 F). Argentina, Bolivia ........................ R. intermedia
- Surface spinules relatively sparse, leaving narrow spinule-free stripes along veins throughout the wing or almost completely absent in apical part of wing. Paramere with process almost completely lacking pedicel and with short, straight apex of lobe; median hump absent (Fig. 25 G). Distal segment of aedeagus with relatively long, slender beak-like process (Fig. 29 G). Chile. On Baccharis spp.............................................................................. R. xantha
12 Paramere with thumb-like process that is inserted in the middle of anterior margin; apical half of paramere with conspicuous long thick bristles (Figs 21 G, 22E, 24H). Distal segment of aedeagus strongly inflated anteriorly lacking hook or beak-like process (Figs 26 G, 27B, 28K). Dorsal margin of female proctiger, in profile, strongly bent downwards; female subgenital plate short (Figs 30 G, 31D, 33F), FP/HW <0.5. On Dipyrena juncea ................................................ 13
- Combination of characters different...................................................................... 15
13 Forewing without pattern, entirely bright yellow, pterostigma long (Fig. 11 H). Antenna short, AL <1.0 mm, AL/HW <1.3. Paramere process and lobe of subequal length (Fig. 21 G). Female subgenital plate with short apical process (Fig. 30 G). Argentina, Chile................................................................................... R. bulbosa
- Forewing with well-defined dark brown pattern, pterostigma short (Figs 12 F, 14J). Antenna long, AL> 1.0 mm, AL/HW> 1.3.
Paramere process distinctly shorter than lobe (Figs 22 E, 24H). Female subgenital plate rounded apically, without process (Figs 31 D, 33F). Chile ..................................................................................... 14 14 Genal processes (Fig. 8 N) long, slender, GL/VL> 0.6. Forewing (Fig. 12 F) broad; cell r2 light in basal half, cell m1 wide and short........................................................................................ R. diosteae
- Genal processes (Fig. 10 E) short, swollen, GL/VL <0.6. Forewing (Fig. 14 J) narrow; cell r2 dark brown in basal half, cell m1 narrow and long............................................................................. R. sebastiani
15 Forewing lacking surface spinules in apical half, except for radular spinules...................................... 16
- Forewing with surface spinules in apical half, sometimes reduced to narrow stripes in the middle of cells............... 25
16 AL> 1.0 mm, FL> 2.0 mm............................................................................ 17
- Either AL <1.0 mm, or FL <2.0 mm (usually both)......................................................... 18
17 MtTL/HW> 0.7. Male terminalia as in Fig. 17 F; paramere with large sickle-shaped process and distinctly longer lobe (Fig. 22 F). Female terminalia as in Fig. 31 E. Bolivia, Peru. On Dunalia ...................................... R. disparilis
- MtTL/HW <0.7. Male terminalia as in Fig. 20 A; paramere with small hook-shaped process, short median hump and slightly bulged lobe; process, hump and lobe of subequal length (Fig. 25 A). Female terminalia as in Fig. 33 H. Bolivia..... R. similis
18 Forewing with brown pattern at least in apical third. On Adesmia ............................................... 19
- Forewing lacking distinct dark pattern, though middle of cells along apical margin and area around vein Cu1b often fumous. On other hosts.......................................................................................... 22
19 Paramere with process lacking pedicel (Fig. 23 A). Distal segment of aedeagus with tiny process situated in basal part of apical quarter of segment (Fig. 27 G). Female terminalia as in Fig. 31 I; FP> 0.4 mm, FP/SP <1.5. Chile ........... R. longicauda
- Paramere with process on pedicel (Figs 23 H, I, 24I). Distal segment of aedeagus with long process situated in apical part of segment (Figs 28 B, C, L). Female terminalia different (Figs 32 F, G, 33G); FP <0.4 mm, FP/SP> 1.5.................. 20
20 Forewing lacking pattern in basal third (Fig. 15 A). Male terminalia as in Fig. 19 I. Female terminalia densely covered with long setae (Fig. 33 G). Argentina ........................................................................ R. setosa
- Forewing with brown pattern over entire length (Figs 13 J, 14A). Male and female terminalia as in Figs 18 H, I, 32F, G....21
21 Paramere distinctly widening to apex which is weakly sinuous, without distinct median hump (Fig. 23 H). Ventral margin of female subgenital plate weakly curved (Fig. 32 F). Argentina......................................... R. mendozae
- Paramere hardly widening to apex and with distinct median hump (Fig. 23 I). Ventral margin of female subgenital plate strongly curved (Fig. 32 G). Chile ............................................................... R. monticola
22 Paramere narrowly lamellar, process lacking pedicel, median sclerotised tooth not on hump (Fig. 25 C). Distal segment of aedeagus with moderately long process situated almost in the middle of segment (Fig. 29 C). Female terminalia as in Fig. 34 A. Argentina, Chile. On Tetraglochin alatum ...................................................... R. tetraglochin
- Paramere irregularly subtrapezoidal, hook-shaped process on long pedicel, median sclerotised tooth on large hump (Figs 21 D, F, 22C). Distal segment of aedeagus with long, straight or hook-shaped process situated in apical part of segment (Figs 26 D, F, L). Female terminalia as in Figs 30 D, F, 31B............................................................... 23
23 Genal processes (Fig. 8 F) very short, GL/VL <0.4. Male and female terminalia as in Figs 16 F, 30F. Chile. On Lycium ................................................................................................ R. brevigenis
- Genal processes (Figs 8 D, L) long, GL/VL> 0.4. Male and female terminalia different............................. 24
24 Male terminalia as in Fig. 16 D; paramere with large, strongly bulged lobe that is apically about level with process and median hump (Fig. 21 D); distal segment of aedeagus with relatively straight process (Fig. 26 D). Female terminalia as in Fig. 30 D; proctiger stout apically. Argentina, Bolivia .......................................................... R. adunca
- Male terminalia as in Fig. 17 C; paramere with small lobe, distinctly shorter than process and median hump (Fig. 22 C); distal segment of aedeagus with hook-shaped process (Fig. 26 L). Female terminalia as in Fig. 31 B; proctiger slender apically. Argentina, Chile. On Lycium chilense .................................................................... R. didyma
25 Body almost entirely dark brown to black (except for young specimens). Forewing yellow or dark brown to black (Figs 13 I, 14C). Terminalia as in Figs 18 G, 19B, 32E, I............................................................... 26
- Body completely or partially light. Forewing whitish or yellow, with or without dark pattern. Terminalia different........ 27
26 Forewing yellow (Fig. 13 I). Male proctiger strongly bulged posteriorly (Fig. 18 G). Paramere large, lobe strongly bulged (Fig. 23 G). Female terminalia as in Fig. 32 E; FP/SP <2.2. Chile. On Adesmia .................................. R. melaina
- Forewing dark brown or black (Fig. 14 C). Male proctiger almost straight posteriorly (Fig. 19 B). Paramere with small lobe (Fig. 24 B). Female terminalia as in Fig. 32 I; FP/SP> 2.2. Bolivia ......................................... R. nigra
27 Forewing in apical half with light to dark brown pattern, sometimes very pale. On Adesmia (where known)............. 28
- Forewing lacking distinct dark pattern, area around vein Cu1b and middle of cells in apical half often fumous, sometimes also apices of veins conspicuously brown. Not on Fabaceae (where known).......................................... 35
28 Forewing with very dense surface spinules (<0.2 µ)......................................................... 29
- Forewing with spaced surface spinules (usually> 0.2 µ)...................................................... 33
29 Paramere narrowly lamellar with long process on pedicel (Fig. 25 E). Female terminalia as in Fig. 34 C; SP> 0.30 mm, FP/SP <1.6. Argentina, Bolivia.................................................................... R. vinculipennis
- Paramere broadly lamellar with short process with or without pedicel (Figs 21 C, 22A, 23B, E). Female terminalia as in Figs 30 C, J, 31J, 32C; SP <0.30 mm, FP/SP> 1.6. Chile .........................................................30
30 Rostrum long, LAB> 0.36 mm. Male and female terminalia as in Fig. 18 B, 31J. On A. atacamensis ......... R. longirostro
- Rostrum short, LAB <0.36 mm. Male and female terminalia different...........................................31
31 Forewing with surface spinules in cell r2 above bifurcation of vein M very dense. Paramere process on pedicel (Fig. 21 C). Female terminalia as in Fig. 30 C. On Adesmia spp................................................... R. adesmiae
- Forewing with surface spinules in cell r2 above bifurcation of vein M less dense, forming irregular transverse rows. Paramere
with process lacking pedicel (Figs 22 A, 23E). Female terminalia as in Figs 30 J, 32C............................... 32 32 GL/VL> 0.5 (Fig. 8 J). Antenna short, AL <0.8 mm. Forewing oblong-oval, broadest in apical third (Fig. 12 A), FL/HW> 2.7. Male terminalia as in Fig. 17 A. Female terminalia as in Fig. 30 J; FP/SP> 1.7............................. R. chilensis
- GL/VL <0.5 (Fig. 9 H). Antenna long, AL> 0.8 mm. Forewing oviform, broadest in the middle (Fig. 13 G), FL/HW <2.7. Male terminalia as in Fig. 18 E. Female terminalia as in Fig. 32 C; FP/SP <1.7. On A. boronioides .......... R. magellanica
33 Forewing pattern very pale (Fig. 14 F). Paramere with process lacking pedicel, without distinct lobe (Fig. 24 D). Female subgenital plate with short apical process (Fig. 33 B). Chile. On Adesmia spp..................................... R. pallida
- Forewing pattern dark (Figs 13 F, 14G). Paramere with process on long pedicel, lobe strongly bulged (Figs 23 D, 24E). Female subgenital plate with long apical process (Figs 32 B, 33C)..................................................... 34
34 Paramere with lobe longer than process, relatively straight posteriorly (Fig. 23 D). Distal segment of aedeagus with long hookshaped process (Fig. 27 J). Female terminalia as in Fig. 32 B. Argentina, Bolivia........................... R. maculata
- Paramere with process and lobe of subequal length, lobe strongly bulged posteriorly (Fig. 24 E). Distal segment of aedeagus with short beak-like process (Fig. 28 H). Female terminalia as in Fig. 33 C. Argentina...................... R. punctulata
35 Forewing whitish, apices of veins conspicuously brown. Male terminalia as in Fig. 17 B. Female terminalia as in Fig. 31 A; FP/ SP <2. Chile. On Chorizanthe ............................................................... R. chorizanthis
- Combination of characters different...................................................................... 36
36 Small, AL <0.7 mm, FL <1.5 mm. Male and female terminalia as in Figs 19 G, 33E. Chile. On Tetraglochin alatum. R. rutila
- Large, AL> 0.7 mm, FL> 1.5 mm. Male and female terminalia different (Figs 16 D, I, 20B, 30D, I, 33I)...............37
37 Forewing (Fig. 15 C) with very dense surface spinules, reaching veins, covering entire cell c+sc. Paramere with posterior edge of process not angled, lobe evenly rounded apico-posteriorly (Fig. 25 B). Distal segment of aedeagus with moderately long process (Fig. 29 B). Female terminalia as in Fig. 33 I; proctiger dorsal margin, in profile, weakly sinuous. Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Peru, Uruguay. Polyphagous........................................................... R. solanicola
- Forewing (Figs 11 E, J) with relatively sparse surface spinules, leaving narrow or broad spinule-free stripes along veins, base of cell c+sc always lacking spinules. Paramere process with angled posterior edge, lobe irregularly rounded or angular apico-posteriorly (Figs 21 D, I). Distal segment of aedeagus with long process (Fig. 26 D, I). Female terminalia as in Figs 30 D, I; either proctiger about three times as long as circumanal ring or dorsal margin, in profile, almost straight or slightly convex...... 38
38 Male terminalia as in Fig. 16 D; paramere with large lobe (Fig. 21 D). Female terminalia as in Fig. 30 D; proctiger about twice as long as circumanal ring, dorsal margin, in profile, almost straight or slightly convex. Argentina, Bolivia ......... R. adunca
- Male terminalia as in Fig. 16 I; paramere with small lobe (Fig. 21 I). Female terminalia as in Fig. 30I; proctiger about three times as long as circumanal ring, dorsal margin, in profile, weakly sinuous. Argentina, Bolivia, Chile. On Lycium cf. chilense ............................................................................................. R. caunda
39 Forewing: male with brown pattern consisting of a single curved stripe stretching from base to apex (Fig. 11 B); female with expanded light brown pattern forming two transverse subparallel bands along apical margin of wing, and with a conspicuous dark spot in basal half (Fig. 11 C). Male and female terminalia as in Figs 16 B, 30B. Chile. On Lycium ........... R. adelpha
- Forewing: male with brown pattern consisting of two oblique stripes, one basally and one apically, respectively (Figs 11 I, 12D, I, 13D, 14D); female with different pattern................................................................. 40
40 Forewing pattern hardly dimorphic consisting of two oblique well-defined and homogenously coloured brown stripes (Fig. 11 I). Male and female terminalia as in Figs 16 H, 30H. Argentina, Brazil. On Capsicum annuum ................ R. capsici
- Forewing pattern strongly dimorphic: in male with many dots in addition to transverse stripes which are partly or entirely composed of small dots (Figs 12 D, I, 13D, 14D); in female with pale brown pattern consisting of brown dots, partly confluent and broad stripe parallel to apical margin (Figs 12 E, J, 13E, 14E). Terminalia different.................................41
41 Male ...............................................................................................42
- Female.............................................................................................45
42 Male proctiger tubular (Figs 17 D, 18C). Paramere with narrowly lamellar lobe (Figs 22 D, 23C)......................43
- Male proctiger barrel-shaped (Figs 17 H, 19C). Paramere with broadly rounded lobe (Figs 22 H, 24C)..................44
43 Genal processes covered with short setae, vertex covered with microscopical setae (Fig. 8 M). Paramere with recurved process (Fig. 22 D). Argentina. On Lycium ............................................................... R. dimorpha
- Genal processes and vertex covered with long setae (Fig. 9 F). Paramere with anteriorly directed process (Fig. 23 C). Peru. On Lycium salsum ................................................................................... R. lycii
44 Forewing with long cell m1 (Fig. 12 I). Distal segment of aedeagus with long, tubular lateral lobes with subparallel sides (Fig. 27 E). Male terminalia as in Fig. 17 H. Argentina ..................................................... R. globosa
- Forewing with short cell m1 (Fig. 14 D). Distal segment of aedeagus with long, apically rounded lateral lobes (Fig. 28 F). Male terminalia as in Fig. 19 C. Chile. On Nolana spp...................................................... R. nolanae
45 Female proctiger cuneate; subgenital plate with very short apical process (Figs 31 C, 33A)........................... 46
- Female proctiger trapezoidal; subgenital plate broadly rounded apically, lacking process (Figs 31 G, 32A)...............47
46 Forewing pattern consisting of one dark band along apical margin (Fig. 12 E). Female terminalia as in Fig. 31 C. Argentina. On Lycium .................................................................................... R. dimorpha
- Forewing pattern consisting of two dark bands along apical margin (Fig. 14 E). Female terminalia as in Fig. 33 A. Chile. On Nolana cf. sedifolia ............................................................................ R. nolanae
47 Vertex lacking macroscopical setae (at 50x magnification). Female terminalia as in Fig. 31 G. Argentina ......... R. globosa
- Vertex covered with long setae (visible at 50x magnification). Female terminalia as in Fig. 32 A. Peru. On Lycium salsum ................................................................................................... R. lycii
description: Published as part of Serbina, Liliya & Burckhardt, Daniel, 2017, Systematics, biogeography and host-plant relationships of the Neotropical jumping plant-louse genus Russelliana (Hemiptera: Psylloidea), pp. 1-114 in Zootaxa 4266 (1) on pages 8-10, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.575325