cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Fidimag -- a finite difference atomistic and micromagnetic simulation package
Creators: name: Bisotti, Marc-Antonio
name: Cortés-Ortuño, David
name: Pepper, Ryan A.
name: Wang, Weiwei
name: Beg, Marijan
name: Kluyver, Thomas
name: Fangohr, Hans
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fidimag is an open-source scientific code for the study of magnetic materials at the nano- or micro-scale using either atomistic or finite difference micromagnetic simulations, which are based on solving the Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation. In addition, it implements simple procedures for calculating energy barriers in the magnetisation through variants of the nudged elastic band method. This computer software has been developed with the aim of creating a simple code structure that can be readily installed, tested, and extended. An agile development approach was adopted, with a strong emphasis on automated builds and tests, and reproducibility of results. The main code and interface to specify simulations are written in Python, which allows simple and readable simulation and analysis configuration scripts. Computationally costly calculations are written in C and exposed to the Python interface as Cython extensions. Docker containers are shipped for a convenient setup experience. The code is freely available on GitHub and includes documentation and examples in the form of Jupyter notebooks.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures
Transport properties of multilayer graphene
Creators: name: Wagner, Glenn
name: Nguyen, Dung X.
name: Simon, Steven H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply the semi-classical quantum Boltzmann formalism for the computation of transport properties to multilayer graphene. We compute the electrical conductivity as well as the thermal conductivity and thermopower for Bernal-stacked multilayers with an even number of layers. We show that the window for hydrodynamic transport in multilayer graphene is similar to the case of bilayer graphene. We introduce a simple hydrodynamic model which we dub the multi-fluid model and which can be used to reproduce the results for the electrical conductivity and thermopower from the quantum Boltzmann equation.
description: 15 pages, 8 figures
Observation of narrow baryon resonance decaying into $pK^0_s$ in pA-interactions at $70 GeV/c$ with SVD-2 setup
Creators: name: SVD Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: SVD-2 experiment data have been analyzed to search for an exotic baryon state, the $Θ^+$-baryon, in a $pK^0_s$ decay mode at $70 GeV/c$ on IHEP accelerator. The reaction $pA \to pK^0_s+X$ with a limited multiplicity was used in the analysis. The $pK^0_s$ invariant mass spectrum shows a resonant structure with $M=1526\pm3(stat.)\pm 3(syst.) MeV/c^2$ and $Γ< 24 MeV/c^2$. The statistical significance of this peak was estimated to be of $5.6 σ$. The mass and width of the resonance is compatible with the recently reported $Θ^+$- baryon with positive strangeness which was predicted as an exotic pentaquark ($uudd\bar{s}$) baryon state. The total cross section for $Θ^+$ production in pN-interactions for $X_F\ge 0$ was estimated to be $(30\div120) μb$ and no essential deviation from A-dependence for inelastic events $(\sim A^{0.7})$ was found.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures, To be submitted to Yadernaya Fizika. v3-v5 - Some references added, minor typos corrected
Minimum Wage Increase Would Have Greater Impact on Food System Than on Overall Economy
Creators: name: Hamrick, Karen S.
name: Hamrick, Karen S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: Financial Economics
Labor and Human Capital

description: I ncreasing the minimum wage would affect the food system more than the overall economy. The food system provides a large number of jobs, particularly entrylevel jobs for workers with few skills or experience. Because of this large share of low-wage, low-skill jobs, an increase in the minimum wage would disproportionately affect the employers and workers in the food system. The minimum wage is currently $5.15 an hour. A proposal to increase it to $6.15 failed in the Senate in 1998, but demands to increase it still remain. This article examines which workers would be affected by a minimum wage increase while the next article examines how the increase would affect prices of food away from home. In order to understand how a minimum wage increase would affect the food system, we must first know about the food system workers and their jobs. Here a demographic profile of all food system workers and the characteristics of food system jobs are presented. Understanding the demographics and jobs characteristics provide insight into how the minimum wage will affect employment and income among food system workers. Next, a look at the demographics and job characteristics of those workers who would be directly affected by a minimum wage increase is presented.
An attack on science? (article) : Media use, trust in scientists, and perceptions of global warming
Creators: name: Maibach, Edward W.
name: Hmielowski, Jay D.
name: Feldman, Lauren
name: Myers, Teresa A.
name: Leiserowitz, Anthony A.
Publisher: name: Sage
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 4701
subject: Communication and media studies

description: There is a growing divide in how conservatives and liberals in the USA understand the issue of global warming. Prior research suggests that the American public’s reliance on partisan media contributes to this gap. However, researchers have yet to identify intervening variables to explain the relationship between media use and public opinion about global warming. Several studies have shown that trust in scientists is an important heuristic many people use when reporting their opinions on science-related topics. Using within-subject panel data from a nationally representative sample of Americans, this study finds that trust in scientists mediates the effect of news media use on perceptions of global warming. Results demonstrate that conservative media use decreases trust in scientists which, in turn, decreases certainty that global warming is happening. By contrast, use of non-conservative media increases trust in scientists, which, in turn, increases certainty that global warming is happening.
Designing Trustworthy AI: A Human-Machine Teaming Framework to Guide Development
Creators: name: Smith, Carol
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 80602 Computer-Human Interaction
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: 220107 Professional Ethics (incl. police and research ethics)
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion

description: Artificial intelligence (AI) holds great promise to empower us with knowledge and augment our effectiveness. We can -- and must -- ensure that we keep humans safe and in control, particularly with regard to government and public sector applications that affect broad populations. How can AI development teams harness the power of AI systems and design them to be valuable to humans? Diverse teams are needed to build trustworthy artificial intelligent systems, and those teams need to coalesce around a shared set of ethics. There are many discussions in the AI field about ethics and trust, but there are few frameworks available for people to use as guidance when creating these systems. The Human-Machine Teaming (HMT) Framework for Designing Ethical AI Experiences described in this paper, when used with a set of technical ethics, will guide AI development teams to create AI systems that are accountable, de-risked, respectful, secure, honest, and usable. To support the team's efforts, activities to understand people's needs and concerns will be introduced along with the themes to support the team's efforts. For example, usability testing can help determine if the audience understands how the AI system works and complies with the HMT Framework. The HMT Framework is based on reviews of existing ethical codes and best practices in human-computer interaction and software development. Human-machine teams are strongest when human users can trust AI systems to behave as expected, safely, securely, and understandably. Using the HMT Framework to design trustworthy AI systems will provide support to teams in identifying potential issues ahead of time and making great experiences for humans.
Winds driven by super-star clusters: The self-consistent radiative solution
Creators: name: Silich, Sergiy
name: Tenorio-Tagle, Guillermo
name: Rodriguez-Gonzalez, Ary
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Here we present a self-consistent stationary solution for spherically symmetric winds driven by massive star clusters under the impact of radiative cooling. We demonstrate that cooling may modify drastically the distribution of temperature if the rate of injected energy approaches a critical value. We also prove that the stationary wind solution does not exist whenever the energy radiated away at the star cluster center exceeds ~ 30% of the energy deposition rate. Finally we thoroughly discuss the expected appearance of super-star cluster winds in the X-ray and visible line regimes. The three solutions here found: the quasi-adiabatic, the strongly radiative wind and the inhibited stationary solution, are then compared to the winds from Arches cluster, NGC 4303 central cluster and to the supernebula in NGC 5253.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication by The Astrophysical Journal
La scienza aperta tra obblighi e opportunità
Creators: name: Lazzeri, Emma
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Open Science
Open Access
EC OS mandates

description: L’intervento illustra le motivazioni che spingono ad adottare pratiche per rendere la scienza più aperta e trasparente, evidenziando gli obblighi previsti e le opportunità offerte. Affronta gli aspetti di base e fornirà alcuni strumenti pratici, tra cui: le motivazioni alla base dell’Open Science, l’Open Access alla letteratura scientifica, la gestione dei dati della ricerca e l’ISTI Open Portal, un caso d’uso per la costruzione di un repository istituzionale.
Rhagovelia trianguloides Nieser & Melo 1997
Creators: name: Carrenho, Renan
name: Rodrigues, Higor D. D.
name: Lima, Adriana Carneiro de
name: Schwertner, Cristiano F.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Veliidae
Rhagovelia
Rhagovelia trianguloides

description: Rhagovelia trianguloides Nieser & Melo, 1997
 Rhagovelia trianguloides Nieser & Melo, 1997: 109.
 Lectotype: Apterous ♂, double-mounted on minuten pin; Brasil, MG [Minas Gerais], Bel.[o] Horz [Horizonte], Nova Lima, [São Sebastião das] A.[guas] Claras, Ribão [Ribeirão] Marumbé, N 9215, #25, XI.1992, N. Nieser col.
 Remarks: Nemésio & Melo (2012) made the lectotype designation.The nomenclatural history of this species can be found in Moreira et al. (2010) and Nemésio & Melo (2012).
description: Published as part of Carrenho, Renan, Rodrigues, Higor D. D., Lima, Adriana Carneiro de & Schwertner, Cristiano F., 2020, Type specimens of true bugs (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) housed in the Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil, pp. 1-16 in Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia 60 on page 9, DOI: 10.11606/1807-0205/2020.60.17, http://zenodo.org/record/4614885
When Does ICT-Enabled Citizen Voice Lead to Government Responsiveness? (article)
Creators: name: Fox, Jonathan
name: Peixoto, Tiago
Publisher: name: IDS Bulletin
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 4404
subject: Development studies

description: This article reviews evidence on the use of 23 information and communications technology (ICT) platforms to project citizen voice to improve public service delivery. This meta-analysis focuses on empirical studies of initiatives in the global South, highlighting both citizen uptake (‘yelp’) and the degree to which public service providers respond to expressions of citizen voice (‘teeth’). The conceptual framework distinguishes two roles played by ICT-enabled citizen voice: informing upwards accountability, and bolstering downwards accountability through either individual user feedback or collective civic action. This distinction between the ways in which ICT platforms mediate the relationship between citizens and service providers allows for a precise analytical focus on how different dimensions of such platforms contribute to public sector responsiveness. These cases suggest that while ICT platforms have been relevant in increasing policymakers’ and senior managers’ capacity to respond, most of them have yet to influence their willingness to do so.
The Changing-look Optical Wind of the Flaring X-ray Transient Swift J1858.6-0814
Creators: name: Muñoz-Darias, T.
name: Padilla, M. Armas
name: Jiménez-Ibarra, F.
name: Panizo-Espinar, G.
name: Casares, J.
name: Altamirano, D.
name: Buisson, D. J. K.
name: Segura, N. Castro
name: Cúneo, V. A.
name: Degenaar, N.
name: Fogantini, F. A.
name: Knigge, C.
name: Sánchez, D. Mata
name: Arabaci, M. Özbey
name: Sánchez-Sierras, J.
name: Torres, M. A. P.
name: Eijnden, J. van den
name: Vincentelli, F. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the discovery of an optical accretion disk wind in the X-ray transient Swift J1858.6-0814. Our 90-spectrum data set, taken with the 10.4m GTC telescope over 8 different epochs and across five months, reveals the presence of conspicuous P-Cyg profiles in He I at 5876 Angs and Halpha. These features are detected throughout the entire campaign, albeit their intensity and main observational properties are observed to vary on time-scales as short as five minutes. In particular, we observe significant variations in the wind velocity, between a few hundreds and ~ 2400 km/s. In agreement with previous reports, our observations are characterised by the presence of frequent flares, although the relation between the continuum flux variability and the presence/absence of wind features is not evident. The reported high activity of the system at radio waves indicates that the optical wind of Swift J1858.6-0814 is contemporaneous with the radio-jet, as is the case for the handful of X-ray binary transients that have shown so far optical P-Cyg profiles. Finally, we compare our results with those of other sources showing optical accretion disk winds, with emphasis on V404 Cyg and V4641 Sgr, since they also display strong and variable optical wind features as well as similar flaring behaviour.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ Letters
Matter Collineations of Some Static Spherically Symmetric Spacetimes
Creators: name: Sharif, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive matter collineations for some static spherically symmetric spacetimes and compare the results with Killing, Ricci and Curvature symmetries. We conclude that matter and Ricci collineations are not, in general, the same.
Paravelia luederwaldti Rodrigues & Moreira 2016
Creators: name: Carrenho, Renan
name: Rodrigues, Higor D. D.
name: Lima, Adriana Carneiro de
name: Schwertner, Cristiano F.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Veliidae
Paravelia
Paravelia luederwaldti

description: Paravelia luederwaldti Rodrigues & Moreira, 2016
 Paravelia luederwaldti Rodrigues & Moreira, 2016c: 649-651, figs. 8-9, 19-21, 51.
 Holotype: Brachypterous ♂, glued to pinned paper with abdominal segment VIII and genitalia in microvial; Brasil, São Paulo, Alto da Serra, Paranapiacaba, 19.334 / 70.307, 1909, H. Lüderwaldt col.
 Paratypes: 4 macropterous ♀, glued to pinned paper; same data as holotype, except the number: 70.459, 70.460, 70.461, 70.462.
description: Published as part of Carrenho, Renan, Rodrigues, Higor D. D., Lima, Adriana Carneiro de & Schwertner, Cristiano F., 2020, Type specimens of true bugs (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) housed in the Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil, pp. 1-16 in Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia 60 on page 8, DOI: 10.11606/1807-0205/2020.60.17, http://zenodo.org/record/4614885
When Does ICT-Enabled Citizen Voice Lead to Government Responsiveness? (article)
Creators: name: Fox, Jonathan
name: Peixoto, Tiago
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: This article reviews evidence on the use of 23 information and communications technology (ICT) platforms to project citizen voice to improve public service delivery. This meta-analysis focuses on empirical studies of initiatives in the global South, highlighting both citizen uptake (‘yelp’) and the degree to which public service providers respond to expressions of citizen voice (‘teeth’). The conceptual framework distinguishes two roles played by ICT-enabled citizen voice: informing upwards accountability, and bolstering downwards accountability through either individual user feedback or collective civic action. This distinction between the ways in which ICT platforms mediate the relationship between citizens and service providers allows for a precise analytical focus on how different dimensions of such platforms contribute to public sector responsiveness. These cases suggest that while ICT platforms have been relevant in increasing policymakers’ and senior managers’ capacity to respond, most of them have yet to influence their willingness to do so.
Fast cloud-cloud collisions in a strongly barred galaxy: Suppression of massive star formation
Creators: name: Fujimoto, Yusuke
name: Maeda, Fumiya
name: Habe, Asao
name: Ohta, Kouji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent galaxy observations show that star formation activity changes depending on galactic environments. In order to understand the diversity of galactic-scale star formation, it is crucial to understand the formation and evolution of giant molecular clouds in an extreme environment. We focus on observational evidence that bars in strongly barred galaxies lack massive stars even though quantities of molecular gas are sufficient to form stars. In this paper, we present a hydrodynamical simulation of a strongly barred galaxy, using a stellar potential which is taken from observational results of NGC1300, and we compare cloud properties between different galactic environments: bar, bar-end and spiral arms. We find that the mean of cloud's virial parameter is ~1 and that there is no environmental dependence, indicating that the gravitationally-bound state of a cloud is not behind the observational evidence of the lack of massive stars in strong bars. Instead, we focus on cloud-cloud collisions, which have been proposed as a triggering mechanism for massive star formation. We find that the collision speed in the bar is faster than those in the other regions. We examine the collision frequency using clouds' kinematics and conclude that the fast collisions in the bar could originate from random-like motion of clouds due to elliptical gas orbits shifted by the bar potential. These results suggest that the observed regions of lack of active star-formation in the strong bar originate from the fast cloud-cloud collisions, which are inefficient in forming massive stars, due to the galactic-scale violent gas motion.
description: 15 pages, 13 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
VVV WIN 1733$-$3349: a low extinction window to probe the far side of the Milky Way bulge
Creators: name: Saito, Roberto K.
name: Minniti, Dante
name: Benjamin, Robert A.
name: Navarro, Maria Gabriela
name: Alonso-García, Javier
name: Gonzalez, Oscar A.
name: Kammers, Roberto
name: Surot, Francisco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Windows of low extinction in the Milky Way (MW) have been used along the past decades for the study of the Galactic structure and the stellar population across the inner bulge and disk. Here we report the analysis of another low extinction near-IR window discovered by the VISTA Variables in the Vía Láctea Survey. VVV WIN 1733$-$3349 is about half a degree in size and is conveniently located right in the MW plane, at Galactic coordinates $(l, b) = (-5.2, -0.3)$. The mean extinction of VVV WIN 1733$-$3349 is $A_{Ks} = 0.61\pm0.08$ mag, which is much smaller than the extinction in the surrounding area. The excess in the star counts is consistent with the reduced extinction, and complemented by studying the distribution of red clump (RC) stars. Thanks to the strategic low-latitude location of VVV WIN 1733$-$3349, we are able to interpret their RC density fluctuations with the expected overdensities due to the presence of the spiral arms beyond the bulge. In addition, we find a clear excess in the number of microlensing events within the window, which corroborates our interpretation that VVV WIN 1733$-$3349 is revealing the far side of the MW bulge.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS Letters
Multi-species co-operative hunting behaviour in a remote Indian Ocean reef system
Creators: name: D.T.I. Bayley
name: A. Rose
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Inter-specific hunting associations can occur across a range of marine species to facilitate prey capture through co-operative behaviour. Here we describe multiple transient cross-phyla associations between day octopus (Octopus cyanea) and three fish species, including peacock grouper (Cephalopholis argus), brown-marbled grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus), and gold-saddle goatfish (Parupeneus cyclostomus), in the isolated reef system of the Chagos archipelago. Observations of such hunting associations are rare, and no similar observations have been recorded for this region. The remoteness of this study site may provide some explanation for these multiple sightings, allowing natural behaviours to occur undisturbed. However, given no previous sightings of such behaviour, the limitation of available food resources following two recent mass coral mortality episodes, may have necessitated the formation of these rare/novel hunting interactions. Intensified prey scarcity and increasingly degraded habitat structure following more frequent disturbance events may therefore lead to such indirect environmentally mediated behavioural responses becoming increasingly prevalent in reef-dwelling species.
Divergent to Complex Amplitudes in Two Dimensional String Theory
Creators: name: Sen, Ashoke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a recent paper, Balthazar, Rodriguez and Yin found remarkable agreement between the one instanton contribution to the scattering amplitudes of two dimensional string theory and those in the matrix model to the first subleading order. The comparison was carried out numerically by analytically continuing the external energies to imaginary values, since for real energies the string theory result diverges. We use insights from string field theory to give finite expressions for the string theory amplitudes for real energies. We also show analytically that the imaginary parts of the string theory amplitudes computed this way reproduce the full matrix model results for general scattering amplitudes involving multiple closed strings.
description: LaTeX, 14 pages
Still no evidence of negative outcomes from same-sex marriage (article)
Creators: name: Yost, Jr., Mark A.
name: Langbein, Laura
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: We are pleased that Professors Allen and Price (2015) have continued to investigate the empirical connection between state laws that permit (or do not ban) same-sex unions/marriages and the possibility of adverse consequences for families. Using updated information about state laws, and using their preferred coding of that information, Professors Allen and Price have largely replicated our findings (Langbein and Yost 2009). In both investigations, same-sex marriage laws appear to have no adverse effects on families in the state where the laws operate. Both studies suffer from low power. More data and better research designs were not available when we wrote our study; we look forward to these improvements in the future. This article is a response to Same-Sex Marriage and Negative Externalities: A Critique, Replication, and Correction of Langbein and Yost by Douglas W. Allen and Joseph Price (EJW, May 2015).
PRODUKCIA OBILNIN SLOVENSKEJ REPUBLIKY V SPOLOCNEJ ORGANIZACII TRHU
CEREAL PRODUCTION IN THE SLOVAK REPUBLIC WITH REGARD TO THE EllS COMMON ORGANIZATION OF MARKET
Creators: name: SIMO, Dusan
name: SIMO, Dusan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: cereals
subject: historical area and yield
subject: European Union
subject: Common Market

description: The work analyses cultivation of cereals (wheat, barley, rye, grain maize) in Slovakia from the viewpoint of its accession to the European Union. Possibilities of establishing these agricultural commodities and their competitiveness at the Common Market are studied and the conditions for allocation of direct subsidies on this important group of agricultural crops within the EU's common agricultural policy are examined.
Quantifying coherence in terms of the pure-state coherence
Creators: name: Yu, Deng-hui
name: Zhang, Li-qiang
name: Yu, Chang-shui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantifying quantum coherence is a key task in the resource theory of coherence. Here we establish a good coherence monotone in terms of a state conversion process, which automatically endows the coherence monotone with an operational meaning. We show that any state can be produced from some input pure states via the corresponding incoherent channels. It is especially found that the coherence of a given state can be well characterized by the least coherence of the input pure states, so a coherence monotone is established by only effectively quantifying the input pure states. In particular, we show that our proposed coherence monotone is the supremum of all the coherence monotones that give the same coherence for any given pure state. Considering the convexity, we prove that our proposed coherence measure is a subset of the coherence measure based on the convex roof construction. As an application, we give a concrete expression of our coherence measure by employing the geometric coherence of a pure state. We also give a thorough analysis on the states of qubit and finally obtain series of analytic coherence measures.
Still no evidence of negative outcomes from same-sex marriage (article)
Creators: name: Yost, Jr., Mark A.
name: Langbein, Laura
Publisher: name: Econ Journal Watch
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 4405
subject: Gender studies

description: We are pleased that Professors Allen and Price (2015) have continued to investigate the empirical connection between state laws that permit (or do not ban) same-sex unions/marriages and the possibility of adverse consequences for families. Using updated information about state laws, and using their preferred coding of that information, Professors Allen and Price have largely replicated our findings (Langbein and Yost 2009). In both investigations, same-sex marriage laws appear to have no adverse effects on families in the state where the laws operate. Both studies suffer from low power. More data and better research designs were not available when we wrote our study; we look forward to these improvements in the future. This article is a response to Same-Sex Marriage and Negative Externalities: A Critique, Replication, and Correction of Langbein and Yost by Douglas W. Allen and Joseph Price (EJW, May 2015).
Gravitational waves from transient neutron star f-mode oscillations
Creators: name: Ho, Wynn C. G.
name: Jones, D. I.
name: Andersson, Nils
name: Espinoza, Cristobal M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: During their most recent observing run, LIGO/Virgo reported the gravitational wave (GW) transient S191110af, a burst signal at a frequency of 1.78 kHz that lasted for 0.104 s. While this signal was later deemed non-astrophysical, genuine detections of uncertain origin will occur in the future. Here we study the potential for detecting GWs from neutron star fluid oscillations, which have mode frequency and duration matching those of S191110af and which can be used to constrain the equation of state of nuclear matter. Assuming that such transient oscillations can be excited to energies typical of a pulsar glitch, we use measured properties of known glitching pulsars to estimate the amplitude of GWs produced by such events. We find that current GW detectors may observe nearby pulsars undergoing large events with energy similar to Vela pulsar glitch energies, while next generation detectors could observe a significant number of events. Finally, we show that it is possible to distinguish between GWs produced by rapidly rotating and slowly rotating pulsars from the imprint of rotation on the f-mode frequency.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures; accepted for publication in Physical Review D
The UTfit Collaboration Report on the Status of the Unitarity Triangle beyond the Standard Model I. Model-independent Analysis and Minimal Flavour Violation
Creators: name: UTfit Collaboration
name: Bona, M.
name: Ciuchini, M.
name: Franco, E.
name: Lubicz, V.
name: Martinelli, G.
name: Parodi, F.
name: Pierini, M.
name: Roudeau, P.
name: Schiavi, C.
name: Silvestrini, L.
name: Stocchi, A.
name: Vagnoni, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Starting from a (new physics independent) tree level determination of rhobar and etabar, we perform the Unitarity Triangle analysis in general extensions of the Standard Model with arbitrary new physics contributions to loop-mediated processes. Using a simple parameterization, we determine the allowed ranges of non-standard contributions to |Delta F|=2 processes. Remarkably, the recent measurements from B factories allow us to determine with good precision the shape of the Unitarity Triangle even in the presence of new physics, and to derive stringent constraints on non-standard contributions to |Delta F|=2 processes. Since the present experimental constraints favour models with Minimal Flavour Violation, we present the determination of the Universal Unitarity Triangle that can be defined in this class of extensions of the Standard Model. Finally, we perform a combined fit of the Unitarity Triangle and of new physics contributions in Minimal Flavour Violation, reaching a sensitivity to a new physics scale of about 5 TeV. We also extrapolate all these analyses into a "year 2010" scenario for experimental and theoretical inputs in the flavour sector. All the results presented in this paper are also available at the URL http://www.utfit.org, where they are continuously updated.
description: 29 pages, 56 figures
SOUTH AFRICAN AGRICULTURE AND INFLATION PHENOMENA
Creators: name: Groenewald, J. A.
name: Groenewald, J. A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1985
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Financial Economics

description: From 1973 tot 1982 South Africa experienced double digit inflation, more rapid rises in food than general price levels and slower increases in agricultural producers' prices than for inputs and consumers' goods. Agriculture earns much of its revenue through exports. Demand-pull inflation probably didn't cause the sharp food price increases. Farmers contribute to demand-pull inflation through injudicious purchases of inputs. Input prices rise faster locally than overseas. This decreases competitive power on international markets. Tariff protection of inputs and monopolistic conditions are contributory factors. Agricultural profitability decreases, debts rise and risks increase. Eventually this will result in smaller supply and higher food prices. Monopolies reduce agriculture's bargaining power. The Marketing Act attempts to improve this. Some boards, however, become statutory monopolies and contribute to cost-push. Such actions and the monopolistic actions of some Co-ops are harmful. In general, monopolies warrant more attention.
Spatial filtering, color constancy, and the color-changing dress
Creators: name: Shapiro, Arthur
name: Dixon, Erica L.
Publisher: name: Journal of Vision
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 52
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: The color-changing dress is a 2015 Internet phenomenon in which the colors in a picture of a dress are reported as blue-black by some observers and white-gold by others. The standard explanation is that observers make different inferences about the lighting (is the dress in shadow or bright yellow light?); based on these inferences, observers make a best guess about the reflectance of the dress. The assumption underlying this explanation is that reflectance is the key to color constancy because reflectance alone remains invariant under changes in lighting conditions. Here, we demonstrate an alternative type of invariance across illumination conditions: An object that appears to vary in color under blue, white, or yellow illumination does not change color in the high spatial frequency region. A first approximation to color constancy can therefore be accomplished by a high-pass filter that retains enough low spatial frequency content so as to not to completely desaturate the object. We demonstrate the implications of this idea on the Rubik’s cube illusion; on a shirt placed under white, yellow, and blue illuminants; and on spatially filtered images of the dress. We hypothesize that observer perceptions of the dress’s color vary because of individual differences in how the visual system extracts high and low spatial frequency color content from the environment, and we demonstrate cross-group differences in average sensitivity to low spatial frequency patterns.
Spatial filtering, color constancy, and the color-changing dress
Creators: name: Shapiro, Arthur
name: Dixon, Erica L.
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: The color-changing dress is a 2015 Internet phenomenon in which the colors in a picture of a dress are reported as blue-black by some observers and white-gold by others. The standard explanation is that observers make different inferences about the lighting (is the dress in shadow or bright yellow light?); based on these inferences, observers make a best guess about the reflectance of the dress. The assumption underlying this explanation is that reflectance is the key to color constancy because reflectance alone remains invariant under changes in lighting conditions. Here, we demonstrate an alternative type of invariance across illumination conditions: An object that appears to vary in color under blue, white, or yellow illumination does not change color in the high spatial frequency region. A first approximation to color constancy can therefore be accomplished by a high-pass filter that retains enough low spatial frequency content so as to not to completely desaturate the object. We demonstrate the implications of this idea on the Rubik’s cube illusion; on a shirt placed under white, yellow, and blue illuminants; and on spatially filtered images of the dress. We hypothesize that observer perceptions of the dress’s color vary because of individual differences in how the visual system extracts high and low spatial frequency color content from the environment, and we demonstrate cross-group differences in average sensitivity to low spatial frequency patterns.
Predicting the occurrence of cave-inhabiting fauna based on features of the earth surface environment
Creators: name: Culver, David C.
name: Christman, Mary C.
name: Doctor, Daniel H.
name: Niemiller, Matthew L.
name: Weary, David J.
name: Young, John A.
name: Zigler, Kirk S.
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: One of the most challenging fauna to study in situ is the obligate cave fauna because of the difficulty of sampling. Cave-limited species display patchy and restricted distributions, but it is often unclear whether the observed distribution is a sampling artifact or a true restriction in range. Further, the drivers of the distribution could be local environmental conditions, such as cave humidity, or they could be associated with surface features that are surrogates for cave conditions. If surface features can be used to predict the distribution of important cave taxa, then conservation management is more easily obtained. We examined the hypothesis that the presence of major faunal groups of cave obligate species could be predicted based on features of the earth surface. Georeferenced records of cave obligate amphipods, crayfish, fish, isopods, beetles, millipedes, pseudoscorpions, spiders, and springtails within the area of Appalachian Landscape Conservation Cooperative in the eastern United States (Illinois to Virginia and New York to Alabama) were assigned to 20 x 20 km grid cells. Habitat suitability for these faunal groups was modeled using logistic regression with twenty predictor variables within each grid cell, such as percent karst, soil features, temperature, precipitation, and elevation. Models successfully predicted the presence of a group greater than 65% of the time (mean = 88%) for the presence of single grid cell endemics, and for all faunal groups except pseudoscorpions. The most common predictor variables were latitude, percent karst, and the standard deviation of the Topographic Position Index (TPI), a measure of landscape rugosity within each grid cell. The overall success of these models points to a number of important connections between the surface and cave environments, and some of these, especially soil features and topographic variability, suggest new research directions. These models should prove to be useful tools in predicting the presence of species in understudied areas.
Curicta granulosa De Carlo 1951
Creators: name: Carrenho, Renan
name: Rodrigues, Higor D. D.
name: Lima, Adriana Carneiro de
name: Schwertner, Cristiano F.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Nepidae
Curicta
Curicta granulosa

description: Curicta granulosa De Carlo, 1951
 Curicta granulosa De Carlo, 1951: 411-412, figs. 35-38.
 Holotype: ♂, pinned; [Brazil] Amazonas, Mana’os [Manaus], 1899, Bicego leg.
 Allotype: ♀, pinned; same data as holotype, except 19336.
description: Published as part of Carrenho, Renan, Rodrigues, Higor D. D., Lima, Adriana Carneiro de & Schwertner, Cristiano F., 2020, Type specimens of true bugs (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) housed in the Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil, pp. 1-16 in Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia 60 on page 10, DOI: 10.11606/1807-0205/2020.60.17, http://zenodo.org/record/4614885
The MUSE Hubble Ultra Deep Field Survey XIV. The evolution of the Lya emitter fraction from z=3 to z=6
Creators: name: Kusakabe, Haruka
name: Blaizot, Jeremy
name: Garel, Thibault
name: Verhamme, Anne
name: Bacon, Roland
name: Richard, Johan
name: Hashimoto, Takuya
name: Inami, Hanae
name: Conseil, Simon
name: Guiderdoni, Bruno
name: Drake, Alyssa B.
name: Herenz, Edmund Christian
name: Schaye, Joop
name: Oesch, Pascal
name: Matthee, Jorryt
name: Marino, Raffaella Anna
name: Schmidt, Kasper Borello
name: Pello, Roser
name: Maseda, Michael
name: Leclercq, Floriane
name: Kerutt, Josephine
name: Mahler, Guillaume
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Lya emitter (LAE) fraction, X_LAE, is a potentially powerful probe of the evolution of the intergalactic neutral hydrogen gas fraction. However, uncertainties in the measurement of X_LAE are still debated. Thanks to deep data obtained with MUSE, we can measure the evolution of X_LAE homogeneously over a wide redshift range of z~3-6 for UV-faint galaxies (down to M_1500~-17.75). This is significantly fainter than in former studies, and allows us to probe the bulk of the population of high-z star-forming galaxies. We construct a UV-complete photo-redshift sample following UV luminosity functions and measure the Lya emission with MUSE using the second data release from the MUSE HUDF Survey. We derive the redshift evolution of X_LAE for M_1500 in [-21.75;-17.75] for the first time with a equivalent width range EW(Lya)>=65 A and find low values of X_ LAE~50 A at z~3-4, in contrast with previous work. The differences in X_LAE mainly arise from selection biases for Lyman Break Galaxies (LBGs) in the literature: UV-faint LBGs are more easily selected if they have strong Lya emission, hence X_LAE is biased towards higher values. Our results suggest either a lower increase of X_LAE towards z~6 than previously suggested, or even a turnover of X_LAE at z~5.5, which may be the signature of a late or patchy reionization process. We compared our results with predictions from a cosmological galaxy evolution model. We find that a model with a bursty star formation (SF) can reproduce our observed X_LAE much better than models where SF is a smooth function of time.
description: 25 pages, 17 figures, 5 tables, accepted for publication in A&A
A SUPPLY AND DEMAND ANALYSIS OF REGULAR BLACK LABOUR IN NATAL
Creators: name: Latt, E. T.
name: Nieuwoudt, W. L.
name: Latt, E. T.
name: Nieuwoudt, W. L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1985
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis
Labor and Human Capital

description: The aim of this study was to obtain reliable, consistent estimates of the supply and demand functions for regular Black agricultural labour in Natal. The joint determination of the wage rate and the number of workers necessitated the use of a simultaneous estimating procedure. The Two Stage Least Squares method was used. The results appeared consistent with a priori estimates. A demand elasticity close to unity was found while the supply curve appeared very elastic. Competition was shown to exist between the agricultural and non-agricultural sectors in the labour market. Since the demand curve was not inelastic, and the supply curve was very elastic, it is debatable whether unskilled agricultural labourers would be able to increase their long-run real wages through trade union action. Sociopolitical considerations, although important, were not considered. Trends in the wage rate and employment were studied. It was also shown that the agricultural control measures do not assist the labourers through increased wages.
Realce na Ciência Aberta: o papel da coleção de Produtos Educacionais no Repositório Institucional do IFPE
Creators: name: Tavares, Amanda
name: Marques, Rogério
name: Câmara, Ádja
name: Nascimento, Gutemberg
name: Câmara, Alexandre
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Apresentação realizada na sessão “O meu Póster em 1 minuto”, da 15ª Conferência Lusófona de Ciência Aberta, na Escola Superior de Enfermagem do Porto (ESEP), de 01 a 04 de outubro de 2024.
Cooper pairing with finite angular momentum: BCS vs Bose limits
Creators: name: Quintanilla, J.
name: Gyorffy, B. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit the old problem of exotic superconductivity as Cooper pairing with finite angular momentum emerging from a central potential. Based on some general considerations, we suggest that the phenomenonn is associated with interactions that keep electrons at some particular, finite distance (r_{0}), and occurs at a range of intermediate densities (n\sim 1/r_{0}^{3}). We discuss the ground state and the critical temperature in the framework of a standard functional-integral theory of the BCS to Bose crossover. We find that, due to the lower energy of two-body bound states with (l=0), the rotational symmetry of the ground state is always restored on approaching the Bose limit. Moreover in that limit the critical temperature is always higher for pairs with (l=0.) The breaking of the rotational symmetry of the continuum by the superfluid state thus seems to be a property of weakly-attractive, non-monotonic interaction potentials, at intermediate densities.
description: Proceedings of SCENM02 (to appear in J. Phys. A)