cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Red blood cell hemolysis : protein biomarker discovery for product quality assessment
Creators: name: Chen, Deborah
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2018

description: Red blood cell (RBC) transfusion is a cornerstone therapeutic intervention in contemporary medicine. Stored RBCs undergo multiple biochemical and biophysical changes, collectively referred to as the RBC storage lesions. One of the most prominent alterations is hemolysis, the rupturing of RBC and the subsequent release of hemoglobin-rich cytosolic content. Hemolysis may compromise the red cell concentrate (RCC) therapeutic efficacy with a decrease in viable and functional cells and an increase in bioactive molecules that may disrupt vascular and immune homeostasis. Thus, hemolysis is used as a key surrogate indicator of RCC storage quality; however, this parameter is evaluated at expiry and all RCCs are transfused without knowing their levels of hemolysis. With aims to optimize product quality for transfusion recipients and to improve donor and inventory management efficiency, the identification of predictive markers for storage hemolysis warrants further investigation. While the molecular mechanism(s) of hemolysis remain elusive, a few factors such as donor characteristics and manufacturing processes are known to influence its development. From a unique donor population composed of repeat donors exhibiting high hemolysis, membrane-associated proteins involved in antioxidant pathways - peroxiredoxin-2, catalase, and 20s proteasome - were identified as potential quality markers using isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantitation. Additionally, in a novel comparative study between RCC subjected to gamma-irradiation and pathogen inactivation (PI), the level of these candidate protein markers displayed robust negative linear relationship with storage hemolysis. These candidate protein markers hint at the role of oxidative damage in product quality deterioration and hemolysis development. While deoxygenation treatment successfully rescued elevated hemolysis in PI-treated RCCs, the application of these protein markers did not yield similar relationship to hemolysis development. This observation suggests that PI-induced damage is heavily reliant on the presence of oxygen and that the identified protein quality markers may not be specific to oxidative damage alone. Taken together, the findings presented here propose three potential candidate protein markers for product quality and further support that cumulative oxidative damage contributes to storage hemolysis development. However, the results suggest that there may be additional underlying metabolic and/or molecular mechanisms that are important for hemolysis development.
Instanton-induced contributions of fractional twist to the cross section of hard gluon-gluon scattering in QCD
Creators: name: Balitsky, Ianko I.
name: Braun, Vladimir M.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik
subject: 12.38.Lg, 11.15.Tk, 11.80.-m, 13.60.Hb

description: We study the instanton-induced cross section of hard gluon scattering in deep-inelastic kinematics. We find that the structure functions may possess numerically large nonperturbative contributions, which are related to Ringwald-type processes with the violation of chirality, and correspond to the exponential correction to the coefficient function in front of the parton distribution of the leading twist. Instanton-induced contributions are well defined for the structure function at the fixed value of the Bjorken scaling variable, and are probably absent in the moments. At intermediate virtualities of the order of Q2∼(30-50 GeV)2 these essentially nonperturbative contributions of fractional twist reach large values, of order 100-10-2 of the perturbative cross section, and remain at the same time under theoretical control.
Charm quark mass dependence of QCD corrections to nonleptonic inclusive B decays
Creators: name: Bagan, E.
name: Ball, Patricia
name: Braun, Vladimir M.
name: Gosdzinsky, P.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: We calculate the radiative corrections to the nonleptonic inclusive B decay mode $b\rightarrow c\bar u d$ taking into account the charm quark mass. Compared to the massless case, corrections resulting from a nonvanishing c quark mass increase the nonleptonic rate by (4--8)\%, depending on the renormalization point. As a by--product of our calculation, we obtain an analytic expression for the radiative correction to the semileptonic decay $b\rightarrow u\tau\bar\nu$ taking into account the $\tau$ lepton mass, and estimate the c quark mass effects on the nonleptonic decay mode $b\rightarrow c\bar c s$.
Self heating and nonlinear current-voltage characteristics in bilayer graphene
Creators: name: Viljas, J. K.
name: Fay, A.
name: Wiesner, M.
name: Hakonen, P. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate by experiments and numerical simulations that the low-temperature current-voltage characteristics in diffusive bilayer graphene (BLG) exhibit a strong superlinearity at finite bias voltages. The superlinearity is weakly dependent on doping and on the length of the graphene sample. This effect can be understood as a result of Joule heating. It is stronger in BLG than in monolayer graphene (MLG), since the conductivity of BLG is more sensitive to temperature due to the higher density of electronic states at the Dirac point.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures, REVTeX 4.1
A Family of Continuous Variable Entanglement Criteria using General Entropy Functions
Creators: name: Saboia, A.
name: Toscano, F.
name: Walborn, S. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive a family of entanglement criteria for continuous variable systems based on the Rényi entropy of complementary distributions. We show that these entanglement witnesses can be more sensitive than those based on second-order moments, as well as previous tests involving the Shannon entropy [Phys. Rev. Lett. \textbf{103}, 160505 (2009)]. We extend our results to include the case of discrete sampling, and develop another set of entanglement tests using the discrete Tsallis entropy. We provide several numerical results which show that our criteria can be used to identify entanglement in a number of experimentally relevant quantum states.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures
Constraints on the phase diagram of molybdenum from first-principles free-energy calculations
Creators: name: Cazorla, Claudio
name: Alf`e, Dario
name: Gillan, Michael J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use first-principles techniques to re-examine the suggestion that transitions seen in high-P experiments on Mo are solid-solid transitions from the bcc structure to either the fcc or hcp structures. We confirm that in the harmonic approximation the free energies of fcc and hcp structures become lower than that of bcc at P > 325 GPa and T below the melting curve, as reported recently. However, we show that if anharmonic effects are fully included this is no longer true. We calculate fully anharmonic free energies of high-T crystal phases by integration of the thermal average stress with respect to strain as structures are deformed into each other, and also by thermodynamic integration from harmonic reference systems to the fully anharmonic system. Our finding that fcc is thermodynamically less stable than bcc in the relevant high-P/high-T region is supported by comparing the melting curves of the two structures calculated using the first-principles reference-coexistence technique. We present first-principles simulations based on the recently proposed Z method which also support the stability of bcc over fcc.
description: 33 pages, 10 figures
Complex Hadamard matrices of order 6: a four-parameter family
Creators: name: Szöllősi, Ferenc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05B20, 46L10

description: In this paper we construct a new, previously unknown four-parameter family of complex Hadamard matrices of order 6, the entries of which are described by algebraic functions of roots of various sextic polynomials. We conjecture that the new, generic family G together with Karlsson's degenerate family K and Tao's spectral matrix S form an exhaustive list of complex Hadamard matrices of order 6. Such a complete characterization might finally lead to the solution of the famous MUB-6 problem.
description: 17 pages; Contribution to the workshop "Quantum Physics in higher dimensional Hilbert Spaces", Traunkirchen, Austria, July 2010
Soft contribution to the pion form factor from light-cone QCD sum rules
Creators: name: Braun, Vladimir M.
name: Halperin, Igor
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: We propose a simple method to calculate the pion form factor at not very large momentum transfers, which combines the technique of the QCD sum rules with the description of the pion in terms of the set of wave functions of increasing twist. This approach allows one to calculate the soft (end point) contribution to the form factor in a largely model-independent way. Our results confirm existing expectations that the soft contribution remains important at least up to the momentum transfers of order 10 GeV2, and suggest that it comes from the region of relatively small transverse separations of order 1 GeV−1.
High growth rate 4H-SiC epitaxial growth using dichlorosilane in a hot-wall CVD reactor
Creators: name: Chowdhury, Iftekhar
name: Chandrasekhar, MVS
name: Klein, Paul B
name: Caldwell, Joshua D.
name: Sudarshan, Tangali
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Thick, high quality 4H-SiC epilayers have been grown in a vertical hot-wall chemical vapor deposition system at a high growth rate on (0001) 80 off-axis substrates. We discuss the use of dichlorosilane as the Si-precursor for 4H-SiC epitaxial growth as it provides the most direct decomposition route into SiCl2, which is the predominant growth species in chlorinated chemistries. A specular surface morphology was attained by limiting the hydrogen etch rate until the system was equilibrated at the desired growth temperature. The RMS roughness of the grown films ranged from 0.5-2.0 nm with very few morphological defects (carrots, triangular defects, etc.) being introduced, while enabling growth rates of 30-100 \mum/hr, 5-15 times higher than most conventional growths. Site-competition epitaxy was observed over a wide range of C/Si ratios, with doping concentrations < 1x1014 cm-3 being recorded. X-ray rocking curves indicated that the epilayers were of high crystallinity, with linewidths as narrow as 7.8 arcsec being observed, while microwave photoconductive decay (\muPCD) measurements indicated that these films had high injection (ambipolar) carrier lifetimes in the range of 2 \mus.
Heavy quark effective theory beyond perturbation theory: renormalons, the pole mass and the residual mass term
Creators: name: Beneke, M.
name: Braun, Vladimir M.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: We study the asymptotic behaviour of the perturbative series in the heavy quark effective theory (HQET) using the 1/Nƒ expansion. We find that this theory suffers from an ultraviolet renormalon problem, corresponding to a non-Borel-summable behaviour of perturbation series in large orders, and leading to a principal nonperturbative ambiguity in its definition. This ambiguity is related to an infrared renormalon in the pole mass and can be understood as the necessity to include the residual mass term δm in the definition of HQET, which must be considered as ambiguous (and possibly complex), and is required to cancel the ultraviolet renormalon singularity generated by the perturbative expansion. The formal status of δm is thus identical to that of condensates in the conventional short-distance expansion of correlation functions in QCD. The status of the pole mass of a heavy quark, the operator product expansion for inclusive decays, and QCD sum rules in the HQET are discussed in this context.
The importance of anisotropy for relativistic fluids with spherical symmetry
Creators: name: Ivanov, B. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that an effective anisotropic spherically symmetric fluid model with heat flow can absorb the addition to a perfect fluid of pressure anisotropy, heat flow, bulk and shear viscosity, electric field and null fluid. In most cases the induction of effective heat flow can be avoided.
description: 10 pages
Food security, forestry and REDD+ benefit distribution in Ghana
Creators: name: Fox, Leigh Patrick
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2018

description: Do international Sustainable Forest Management (SFM) institutions, such as the Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD+) under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), incorporate equal access to benefit as part of their programs in Ghana? This paper investigates the development of REDD+ strategies and project proposals in Ghana and looks specifically at what influence the creation of a new forest commodity could have on food insecurity in the country. Focusing on the access dimension of food security, a central question will be addressed: Are REDD+ Emissions Reduction Purchase Agreements (ERPAs) advantageous or disadvantageous to food insecure people wishing to strategically access forestry opportunities to reduce hunger and food insecurity? Critical to answering this question is an understanding of potential benefit available in REDD+ transactions in Ghana: who gets what, when, and how is benefit transferred. REDD+ ERPAs monetize forest carbon, Emission Reductions (ERs), gained through forest conservation and management activities. REDD+ is a market-based mechanism because it seeks to use market forces, the buying and selling of goods and services, to incentivize a conservation behaviour with respect to forest management. By commodifying and trading avoided deforestation and afforestation as a product and service, market actors institutionalize transaction types, roles, responsibilities and access characteristics of the marketplace. As a set of rules, REDD+ programs and protocols claim social and economic benefit is delivered to marginalized, often food-insecure, groups of people as stakeholders through contractual activities. At the same time as REDD+ projects are being planned and implemented in Ghana, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) reports that there are presently no good indicators of social benefit in forestry. Looking closely at food security literature this paper highlights both opportunities and potential barriers being institutionalized by REDD+ programs. Carbon tenure rights and benefit sharing plans for REDD+ generated revenue will be discussed as well as the social and environmental safeguards mandatory under contractual regimes. Recommendations will focus on how to quantify social benefit from forestry and utilize knowledge created in the field of food and nutrition security more effectively in a cross-disciplinary manner.
Measurement of Neutral Particle Contamination in the MICE Muon Beam
Creators: name: Fletcher, Rob Roy
name: Coney, Linda
name: Hanson, Gail
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Muon Ionization Cooling Experiment (MICE) is being built at the ISIS proton synchrotron at Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (RAL) to measure ionization cooling of a muon beam. During recent data-taking, it was determined that there is a significant background contamination of neutral particles populating the MICE muon beam. This contamination creates unwanted triggers in MICE, thus reducing the percentage of useful data taken during running. This paper describes the analysis done with time-of-flight detectors, used to measure and identify the source of the contamination in both positive and negative muon beams.
Hubble Space Telescope Imaging of Lyman Alpha Emission at z=4.4
Creators: name: Finkelstein, Steven L.
name: Cohen, Seth H.
name: Windhorst, Rogier A.
name: Ryan, Russell E.
name: Hathi, Nimish P.
name: Finkelstein, Keely D.
name: Anderson, Jay
name: Grogin, Norman A.
name: Koekemoer, Anton M.
name: Malhotra, Sangeeta
name: Mutchler, Max
name: Rhoads, James E.
name: McCarthy, Patrick J.
name: O'Connell, Robert W.
name: Balick, Bruce
name: Bond, Howard E.
name: Calzetti, Daniela
name: Disney, Michael J.
name: Dopita, Michael A.
name: Frogel, Jay A.
name: Hall, Donald N. B.
name: Holtzman, Jon A.
name: Kimble, Randy A.
name: Luppino, Gerard
name: Paresce, Francesco
name: Saha, Abhijit
name: Silk, Joseph I.
name: Trauger, John T.
name: Walker, Alistair R.
name: Whitmore, Bradley C.
name: Young, Erick T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the highest redshift detections of resolved Lyman alpha emission, using Hubble Space Telescope/ACS F658N narrowband-imaging data taken in parallel with the Wide Field Camera 3 Early Release Science program in the GOODS CDF-S. We detect Lyman alpha emission from three spectroscopically confirmed z = 4.4 Lyman alpha emitting galaxies (LAEs), more than doubling the sample of LAEs with resolved Lyman alpha emission. Comparing the light distribution between the rest-frame ultraviolet continuum and narrowband images, we investigate the escape of Lyman alpha photons at high redshift. While our data do not support a positional offset between the Lyman alpha and rest-frame ultraviolet (UV) continuum emission, the half-light radii in two out of the three galaxies are significantly larger in Lyman alpha than in the rest-frame UV continuum. This result is confirmed when comparing object sizes in a stack of all objects in both bands. Additionally, the narrowband flux detected with HST is significantly less than observed in similar filters from the ground. These results together imply that the Lyman alpha emission is not strictly confined to its indigenous star-forming regions. Rather, the Lyman alpha emission is more extended, with the missing HST flux likely existing in a diffuse outer halo. This suggests that the radiative transfer of Lyman alpha photons in high-redshift LAEs is complicated, with the interstellar-medium geometry and/or outflows playing a significant role in galaxies at these redshifts.
description: Submitted to the Astrophysical Journal. 11 pages, 10 figures
Theoretical update of the semileptonic branching ratio of B mesons
Creators: name: Bagan, E.
name: Ball, Patricia
name: Braun, Vladimir M.
name: Gosdzinsky, P.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: We reconsider the prediction of the semileptonic branching ratio of B mesons, using the recent calculation [E. Bagan et al., Nucl. Phys. B 432 (1994) 3] of the radiative corrections with account for finite quark masses in nonleptonic decays and taking into account 1/mb2 corrections. For the semileptonic branching ratio we obtain Bsl = (11.8 ± 1.6)% using pole quark masses and Bsl = (11.0 ± 1.9) % using running Image quark masses. The uncertainty is dominated by unknown higher order perturbative corrections. We conclude that the present accuracy of the theoretical analysis does not allow to state a significant disagreement with the experimental results. However, our re-analysis of the decay b → ccs yields an increase of (35 ± 11) % due to next-to-leading order corrections including mass dependent terms, which further emphasizes the problem of the average charm quark content of the final states in B decays.
MASHINA TARJIMASINING AHAMIYATI
Creators: name: Qodirova, Madinabonu
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Ushbu maqolada mashina tarjimasi yo'nalishlari, ularning o'ziga xos xususiyatlari, o'xshash va  farqli jihatlari tasvirlanadi. Mashina yoki avtomatik, kompyuter tarjimasi maxsus kompyuter dasturi yordamida matnlarni bir tildan boshqa tilga tarjima qilishdir. Hozirda tarjimalarni qurish uchun to'rtta asosiy algoritmga asoslangan tizimlar mavjud. Ularning har biri mashina tarjimasi muammolarini ma'lum darajada hal etgan bo'lsa-da, mukammal tarjimaga erishilmadi. Biroq mashina tarjimaning ahamiyatini ham inkor etib bo'lmaydi.
Length Variations of European Baselines Derived from VLBI and GPS Observations
Creators: name: Malkin, Zinovy
name: Panafidina, Natalia
name: Skurikhina, Elena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Results of VLBI and GPS observations were analyzed with goal to investigate differences in observed baseline length derived from both techniques. VLBI coordinates for European stations were obtained from processing of all available observations collected on European and global VLBI network. Advanced model for antenna thermal deformation was applied to account for change of horizontal component of baseline length. GPS data were obtained from re-processing of the weekly EPN (European Permanent GPS Network) solutions. Systematic differences between results obtained with two techniques including linear drift and seasonal effects are determined.
description: 9 pp
A systems biology approach to annotate novel open reading frames in the Saccharomyces cerevisiae Enoferm M2 wine yeast strain
Creators: name: Ferguson, Andrew Taplin
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2018

description: Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been extensively studied both for its commercial applications in alcoholic beverages, bread and biofuel, and as a genetic model for higher eukaryotes; a function, however, has still not been described for over 10% of S. cerevisiae’s genes, and furthermore novel open reading frames (ORFs) have recently been identified in many yeast strains isolated from wine, beer and bioethanol industries. The present study used a systems biology approach, incorporating metabolomics, transcriptomics and proteomics, to systematically analyze novel ORFs and poorly-annotated genes during wine fermentation. Genes were either deleted or constitutively expressed in a commercial wine yeast, Enoferm M2, and the mutant strains were used to ferment Chardonnay grape must. Primary metabolites were monitored throughout the fermentation by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), volatile metabolites were analyzed in the final wine by gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GCMS), and the transcriptome and proteome of the fermenting yeast were analyzed by ribonucleic acid (RNA) microarray and isobaric tagging for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ), respectively. The expression of fourteen novel ORFs from the Enoferm M2 genome was confirmed for the first time, and data was generated for the effect of mutation of these novel ORFs on wine fermentation. In addition to the novel ORFs, four poorly-annotated genes (YLL054C, YKL222C, PHD1 and HMS1) were found to positively regulate the allantoin metabolic pathway, and had additional effects on the cell wall and transmembrane transport. The GEP5 gene was found to negatively regulate the sulphur metabolic pathway, which could have significant effects on both sulphite tolerance and the production of off-flavours such as hydrogen sulphide during wine production. The systems biology approach used in conjunction with systematic gene mutation and industrially-relevant conditions was able to improve the annotation of novel and poorly-annotated genes in the S. cerevisiae genome.
QCD sum rules in the effective heavy quark theory
Creators: name: Bagan, E.
name: Ball, Patricia
name: Braun, Vladimir M.
name: Dosch, H. G.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1992
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: We derive sum rules for the leptonic decay constant of a heavy-light meson in the effective heavy quark theory. We show that the summation of logarithms in the heavy quark mass by the renormalization group technique enhances considerably radiative corrections. Our result for the decay constant in the static limit agrees well with recent lattice calculations. Finite quark mass corrections are estimated.
HerMES: Lyman Break Galaxies individually detected at 0.7 < z < 2.0 in GOODS-N with Herschel/SPIRE
Creators: name: Burgarella, D.
name: Heinis, S.
name: Magdis, G.
name: Auld, R.
name: Blain, A.
name: Bock, J.
name: Brisbin, D.
name: Buat, V.
name: Chanial, P.
name: Clements, D. L.
name: Cooray, A.
name: Eales, S.
name: Franceschini, A.
name: Giovannoli, E.
name: Glenn, J.
name: Solares, E. A. Gonzalez
name: Griffin, M.
name: Hwang, H. S.
name: Ilbert, O.
name: Marchetti, L.
name: Mortier, A. M. J.
name: Oliver, S. J.
name: Page, M. J.
name: Papageorgiou, A.
name: Pearson, C. P.
name: Perez-Fournon, I.
name: Pohlen, M.
name: Rawlings, J. I.
name: Raymond, G.
name: Rigopoulou, D.
name: Rodighiero, G.
name: Roseboom, I. G.
name: Rowan-Robinson, M.
name: Scott, D.
name: Seymour, N.
name: Smith, A. J.
name: Symeonidis, M.
name: Tugwell, K. E.
name: Vaccari, M.
name: Vieira, J. D.
name: Viero, M.
name: Vigroux, L.
name: Wang, L.
name: Wright, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As part of the Herschel Multi-tiered Extragalactic Survey we have investigated the rest-frame far-infrared (FIR) properties of a sample of more than 4800 Lyman Break Galaxies (LBGs) in the Great Observatories Origins Deep Survey North field. Most LBGs are not detected individually, but we do detect a sub-sample of 12 objects at 0.7 < z < 1.6 and one object at z ~ 2.0. The ones detected by Herschel SPIRE have redder observed NUV-U and U-R colors than the others, while the undetected ones have colors consistent with average LBGs at z > 2.5. The UV-to-FIR spectral energy distributions of the objects detected in the rest-frame FIR are investigated using the code CIGALE to estimate physical parameters. We find that LBGs detected by SPIRE are high mass, luminous infrared galaxies. It appears that LBGs are located in a triangle-shaped region in the A_FUV vs. Log L_FUV diagram limited by A_FUV=0 at the bottom and by a diagonal following the temporal evolution of the most massive galaxies from the bottom-right to the top-left of the diagram. This upper envelop can be used as upper limits for the UV dust attenuation as a function of L_FUV}. The limits of this region are well explained using a closed-box model, where the chemical evolution of galaxies produces metals, which in turn lead to higher dust attenuation when the galaxies age.
description: ApJ Letter in press
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Degradable poly-L-lysine-modified PLGA cell microcarriers with excellent antibacterial and osteogenic activity
Creators: name: Zhang, Hanyang
name: Jiao, Jianhang
name: Jin, Hui
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: Medicine
Developmental Biology
Cancer
Science Policy

description: We, the Editors, Authors and Publisher of the journal Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology, have retracted the following article: Hanyang Zhang, Jianhang Jiao & Hui Jin (2019) Degradable poly-L-lysine-modified PLGA cell microcarriers with excellent antibacterial and osteogenic activity. Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology, 47:1, 2391–2404, DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2019.1623230 Since publication, the authors continued their study and found that the original experimental results were unverifiable. The authors checked their data and confirmed there are fundamental errors present. Therefore, they have agreed to the retraction of this article. The authors apologise for this oversight. We have been informed in our decision-making by our policy on publishing ethics and integrity and the COPE guidelines on retractions. The retracted article will remain online to maintain the scholarly record, but it will be digitally watermarked on each page as ‘Retracted’.
Twist-4 distribution amplitudes of the K* and phi mesons in QCD
Creators: name: Ball, Patricia
name: Braun, Vladimir M.
name: Lenz, Alexander
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik
subject: 12.38.Lg; 11.30.Qc; 14.40.Cs; 11.30.Ly; 14.40.Aq

description: We present a systematic study of twist-4 light-cone distribution amplitudes of the K* and phi meson in QCD. The structure of SU(3)-breaking corrections is studied in detail. Non-perturbative input parameters are estimated from QCD sum rules and a renormalon based model. As a by-product, we give a complete reanalysis of the parameters of the twist-4 ρ-meson distribution amplitudes.
Warm molecular gas and kinematics in the disc around HD 100546
Creators: name: Panić, O.
name: van Dishoeck, E. F.
name: Hogerheijde, M. R.
name: Belloche, A.
name: Güsten, R.
name: Boland, W.
name: Baryshev, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The disc around the Herbig Ae/Be star HD 100546 is one of the most extensively studied discs in the southern sky. Although there is a wealth of information about its dust content and composition, not much is known about its gas and large scale kinematics. We detect and study the molecular gas in the disc at spatial resolution from 7.7" to 18.9" using the APEX telescope. The lines 12CO J=7-6, J=6-5, J=3-2, 13CO J=3-2 and [C I] 3P2-3P1 are observed, diagnostic of disc temperature, size, chemistry, and kinematics. We use parametric disc models that reproduce the low-J 12CO emission from Herbig~Ae stars and vary the basic disc parameters - temperature, mass and size. Using the molecular excitation and radiative transfer code RATRAN we fit the observed spectral line profiles. Our observations are consistent with more than 0.001 Msun of molecular gas in a disc of approximately 400 AU radius in Keplerian rotation around a 2.5 Msun star, seen at an inclination of 50 degrees. The detected 12CO lines are dominated by gas at 30-70~K. The non-detection of the [C I] line indicates excess ultraviolet emission above that of a B9 type model stellar atmosphere. Asymmetry in the 12CO line emission suggests that one side of the outer disc is colder by 10-20~K than the other, possibly due to a shadow by a warped geometry of the inner disc. Pointing offsets, foreground cloud absorption and asymmetry in the disc extent are excluded scenarios. Efficient heating of the outer disc ensures that low- and high-J 12CO lines are dominated by the outermost disc regions, indicating a 400 AU radius. The 12CO J=6--5 line arises from a disc layer higher above disc midplane, and warmer by 15-20~K than the layer emitting the J=3--2 line. The existing models of discs around Herbig Ae stars, assuming a B9.5 type model stellar atmosphere overproduce the [CI] 3P2--3P1 line intensity from HD 100546 by an order of magnitude.
description: 9pages, 3figures, Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Kinetics of Nitrous Oxide Decomposition over Heterogeneous Catalysts
Creators: name: Pandey, Utkarsh
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 400199
subject: Aerospace engineering not elsewhere classified

description: This work studies the kinetics of nitrous oxide decomposition over alumina-based catalysts, specifically at the high temperatures and high nitrous oxide (N2O) concentrations that would be experienced in catalyst beds for monopropellant rocket thruster applications. High- and low- order models are developed to understand the interaction between reaction kinetics and mass transfer in monolith catalyst tubes. However, nitrous oxide decomposition is not observed on monolith catalyst tubes on account of their lower geometric surface area leading to a majority of the gas not coming into contact with the catalyst surface. Pellet-bed catalysts are studied for the remainder of this work, starting from experiments with a constant-volume batch reactor. The batch experiments demonstrate N2O decomposition over catalyst pellets, and a one-dimensional, time-varying model is developed to quantify the reaction rate based on measured temperature and pressure rise from experimental data. The reaction rates predicted by the model are significantly lower than predicted in the literature for the same catalysts. The inaccuracy is attributed to the fact that the model cannot capture N2O decomposition occurring during the first few seconds of filling the batch tube. Additionally, the simplified temperature distribution applied in the model may not be accurate, and obtaining a higher fidelity temperature distribution experimentally would require more advanced diagnostics.The final experiment is a conventional flow-through pellet bed reactor which uses infrared spectroscopy to measure the concentration of nitrous oxide in the decomposed gas mixture. The analysis method incorporates uncertainties from infrared measurements and other sources, and initial activity results of a cobalt oxide-on-alumina catalyst are consistent with the literature. Results from additional testing indicate that manganese oxide catalysts are more active than nickel oxide or cobalt oxide catalysts. At weight loadings of ~10%, results indicate that the Arrhenius pre-exponential constant is roughly an order or magnitude greater for manganese oxide catalysts than cobalt or nickel oxide catalysts. The results also indicate hysteresis in catalytic activity of all oxides. Surface area and x-ray diffraction measurements do not reveal any permanent change in the surface area or crystal structure of these catalysts. The findings lead to the conclusion that the temperature and surrounding environment of the catalyst (either nitrous oxide or nitrogen during system purges) cause short-lived changes to the crystal structure of the active phase, leading to the observed hysteresis.
Discovering New Light States at Neutrino Experiments
Creators: name: Essig, Rouven
name: Harnik, Roni
name: Kaplan, Jared
name: Toro, Natalia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Experiments designed to measure neutrino oscillations also provide major opportunities for discovering very weakly coupled states. In order to produce neutrinos, experiments such as LSND collide thousands of Coulombs of protons into fixed targets, while MINOS and MiniBooNE also focus and then dump beams of muons. The neutrino detectors beyond these beam dumps are therefore an excellent arena in which to look for long-lived pseudoscalars or for vector bosons that kinetically mix with the photon. We show that these experiments have significant sensitivity beyond previous beam dumps, and are able to partially close the gap between laboratory experiments and supernovae constraints on pseudoscalars. Future upgrades to the NuMI beamline and Project X will lead to even greater opportunities for discovery. We also discuss thin target experiments with muon beams, such as those available in COMPASS, and show that they constitute a powerful probe for leptophilic PNGBs.
description: 32 text pages, 5 figures, 4 tables
Effects of Hyperbolic Rotation in Minkowski Space on the Modeling of Plasma Accelerators in a Lorentz Boosted Frame
Creators: name: Vay, J. -L.
name: Geddes, C. G. R.
name: Cormier-Michel, E.
name: Grote, D. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Laser driven plasma accelerators promise much shorter particle accelerators but their development requires detailed simulations that challenge or exceed current capabilities. We report the first direct simulations of stages up to 1 TeV from simulations using a Lorentz boosted calculation frame resulting in a million times speedup, thanks to a frame boost as high as gamma=1300. Effects of the hyperbolic rotation in Minkowski space resulting from the frame boost on the laser propagation in the plasma is shown to be key in the mitigation of a numerical instability that was limiting previous attempts.
Discrete-time Calogero-Moser system and Lagrangian 1-form structure
Creators: name: Yoo-kong, Sikarin
name: Lobb, Sarah
name: Nijhoff, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 36L60, 37K05, 37K10, 52C99

description: We study the Lagrange formalism of the (rational) Calogero-Moser (CM) system, both in discrete time as well as in continuous time, as a first example of a Lagrange 1-form structure in the sense of the recent paper [19]. The discrete-time model of the CM system was established some time ago arising as a pole-reduction of a semi-discrete version of the KP equation, and was shown to lead to an exactly integrable correspondence (multivalued map). In this paper we present the full KP solution based on the commutativity of the discrete-time flows in the two discrete KP variables. The compatibility of the corresponding Lax matrices is shown to lead directly to the relevant closure relation on the level of the Lagrangians. Performing successive continuum limits on both the level of the KP equation as well as of the CM system, we establish the proper Lagrange 1-form structure for the continuum case of the CM model. We use the example of the three-particle case to elucidate the implementation of the novel least-action principle, which was presented in [19], for the simpler case of Lagrange 1-forms.
description: 37 pages, 8 figures
Proceedings of the PhD Symposium at iFM'18 on Formal Methods: Algorithms, Tools and Applications (PhD-iFM'18)
Creators: name: Ábrahám, Erika
name: Tarifa, Silvia Lizeth Taipa
Publisher: name: RWTH Aachen University
Year: 2018

description: 14th International Conference on integrated Formal Methods, iFM’18, Maynooth, Ireland, 5 Sep 2018 - 7 Sep 2018; Research report / University of Oslo 483, (2018).
D*Dπ and B*Bπ couplings in QCD
Creators: name: Belyaev, V. M.
name: Braun, Vladimir M.
name: Khodjamirian, A.
name: Rückl, R.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik
subject: 11.55.Hx, 13.20.Fc, 13.20.He

description: We calculate the D*Dπ and B*Bπ couplings using QCD sum rules on the light cone. In this approach, the large-distance dynamics is incorporated in a set of pion wave functions. We take into account two-particle and three-particle wave functions of twist 2, 3, and 4. The resulting values of the coupling constants are gD*Dπ=12.5±1 and gB*Bπ=29±3. From this we predict the partial width Γ(D*+→D0π+)=32±5 keV. We also discuss the soft-pion limit of the sum rules which is equivalent to the external axial field approach employed in earlier calculations. Furthermore, using gB*Bπ and gD*Dπ the pole dominance model for the B→π and D→π semileptonic form factors is compared with the direct calculation of these form factors in the same framework of ligh-cone sum rules.
Moessbauer and magnetic measurements of superconducting LiFeP
Creators: name: Blachowski, A.
name: Ruebenbauer, K.
name: Zukrowski, J.
name: Przewoznik, J.
name: Marzec, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The LiFeP sample has been prepared by means of high-temperature solid state reaction. A transition temperature to the superconducting state was found as about 5.5 K by measurements of magnetization versus temperature. The second critical field was found above 1 kOe. Moessbauer spectra of the LiFeP phase are characterized by the quadrupole split doublet having splitting of about 0.10 mm/s at room temperature and 0.12 mm/s at 4.2 K. No magnetic order occurs down to 4.2 K.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures, 1 table
Chemically enhanced backwash as the only ultrafiltration fouling control approach in seawater applications
Creators: name: Beswick, Michael
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2018

description: The use of ultrafiltration (UF) membranes as a pre-treatment technology for seawater applications, such as desalination and water production for deep sea oil extraction, has expanded in recent years. Controlling fouling during filtration remains a crucial operational challenge, particularly in applications with equipment footprint constraints. The present study sought to investigate a simplified fouling control approach where chemically enhanced backwash (CEB) was the only technique utilized. Short-term benchmarking trials were performed to evaluate a wide range of operating conditions. These included: CEB duration, CEB frequency, CEB make up solution, and sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) concentration. Long-term trials were then completed to determine the viability of this approach, and provide operational insight for future applications. NaClO concentrations as low as 8 ppm were effective in achieving sustainable fouling rates in low temperature UF operation with CEB as the only fouling control approach. Extended CEBs using 150 ppm NaClO solutions were effective at restoring lost permeability, though may not be required for periods of 6 months or more. Both outside-in, and inside-out membrane configurations were evaluated, with outside-in observed to have a lower fouling rate. No difference was observed when comparing UF permeate and nanofiltration concentrate as CEB make up solutions. A new measure, termed ‘cleaning effort’ (i.e. the product of CEB duration and NaClO concentration divided by CEB frequency), was proposed to compare fouling control efficiency for different CEB operating conditions. Fouling rate followed an exponential decay relationship with respect to cleaning effort. Accumulation of active biomass on membrane fibers was not observed after long-term trials. Residual chlorine in the CEB reject stream was observed to be above regulatory limits, and decayed slowly.
Riverbird distributions and habitat use
Creators: name: McLaughlin, John
Publisher: name: QUBES Educational Resources
Year: 2023

description: Riverbirds are widespread, use diverse riparian habitats, and respond rapidly to changing conditions. Students can apply riverbird data to evaluate hypotheses about these responses, while gaining research experience, working collaboratively in teams, and contributing data to monitoring programs.
In this project, students determine distributions and habitat use of birds associated with rivers. The module can be done by students in high school through graduate school, with applications ranging from simple comparisons of species count data to advanced analysis of habitat selection. Students collect data on birds and habitats while traveling downriver in boats. After collecting data, students compare habitats used by each species relative to habitats available by estimating resource selection functions with logistic regression in R. Results can be used to compare abundances and habitat use among species, river reaches, river management regimes. The module can be implemented on multiple river reaches and along diverse rivers to facilitate comparisons or synthesis across river basis. Module results can be applied to evaluate restoration or riparian management programs.
Genomics of Education in Education: ELSI Concerns about Genomic Prediction in Educational Settings
Creators: name: Matthews, Lucas
name: White, Natalie
Publisher: name: Center for ELSI Resources and Analysis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ethics
subject: Science
subject: ELSI
subject: polygenic scores
subject: precision education
subject: learning disabilities
subject: Pygmalion effect

description: Polygenic scores (PGS) for educational traits and outcomes (e.g., math ability, reading ability, and educational attainment) are currently available to the public via direct-to-consumer genetic testing companies, such as GenePlaza. A PGS is a DNA-based genetic predictor in the sense that it places an individual’s sample of DNA on a spectrum from low to high. So, in theory, people with a high percentile rank PGS score for educational attainment would be likely to accrue more years of schooling in their lifetime than people with lower ranked scores. Similarly, children with low PGS scores for math ability would be less likely to do well in math classes than children with high scores.
Deep inelastic pion electroproduction at threshold
Creators: name: Braun, Vladimir M.
name: Ivanov, Dmitri Yu.
name: Lenz, Alexander
name: Peters, Andreas
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik
subject: 12.38.−t, 13.40.Gp

description: We consider the cross section of the deep inelastic pion electroproduction on a proton target at threshold for Q2 in the region 5–10 GeV2. The corresponding amplitudes are described in terms of two form factors which we calculate using light-cone sum rules to leading order in QCD and including higher twist corrections. Our results suggest a considerable change from a small Q2 region that can be treated in the soft-pion limit using current algebra. In particular, we obtain a π0 to π+ production ratio of order 1/3 and significant nucleon helicity-flip contributions.
Transition Systems for Model Generators - A Unifying Approach
Creators: name: Lierler, Yuliya
name: Truszczynski, Miroslaw
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: D.1.16; I.2.8

description: A fundamental task for propositional logic is to compute models of propositional formulas. Programs developed for this task are called satisfiability solvers. We show that transition systems introduced by Nieuwenhuis, Oliveras, and Tinelli to model and analyze satisfiability solvers can be adapted for solvers developed for two other propositional formalisms: logic programming under the answer-set semantics, and the logic PC(ID). We show that in each case the task of computing models can be seen as "satisfiability modulo answer-set programming," where the goal is to find a model of a theory that also is an answer set of a certain program. The unifying perspective we develop shows, in particular, that solvers CLASP and MINISATID are closely related despite being developed for different formalisms, one for answer-set programming and the latter for the logic PC(ID).
description: 30 pages; Accepted for presentation at ICLP 2011 and for publication in Theory and Practice of Logic Programming; contains the appendix with proofs