cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Three-dimensional gauge theories with supersymmetry enhancement
Creators: name: Gang, Dongmin
name: Yamazaki, Masahito
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We conjecture infrared emergent $\mathcal{N}=4$ supersymmetry for a class of three-dimensional $\mathcal{N}=2$ $U(1)$ gauge theories coupled with a single chiral multiplet. One example is the case where $U(1)$ gauge group has the Chern-Simons level $-\frac{3}2$ and the chiral multiplet has gauge charge $+1$. Other examples are related to this example either by known dualities or rescaling the Abelian gauge field. We give three independent evidences for the conjecture: 1) exact match between the central charges of the $U(1)$ R-symmetry current and the $U(1)$ topological symmetry current, 2) semi-classical construction of the $\mathcal{N}=4$ stress-tensor multiplet, and 3) an IR duality between a direct product of the two copies of the 3d theory on the one hand, and an $\mathcal{N}=4$ theory obtained by gauging the diagonal $SU(2)$ flavor symmetry of the $T[SU(2)]$ theory, on the other. The duality in 3) follows from geometrical aspects of the 3d-3d correspondence.
description: 6 pages, v2: Title changed, Published version
A Balloon-Borne Millimeter-Wave Telescope for Cosmic Microwave Background Anisotropy Measurements
Creators: name: Fixsen, D. J.
name: Cheng, E. S.
name: Cottingham, D. A.
name: Folz, W. C.
name: Inman, C. A.
name: Kowitt, M. S.
name: Meyer, S. S.
name: Page, L. A.
name: Puchalla, J. L.
name: Ruhl, J. E.
name: Silverberg, R. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the characteristics and design details of the Medium Scale Anisotropy Measurement (MSAM), a millimeter-wave, balloon-borne telescope that has been used to observe anisotropy in the Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation (CMBR) on 0\fdg5 angular scales. The gondola is capable of determining and maintaining absolute orientation to a few arcminutes during a one-night flight. Emphasis is placed on the optical and pointing performance as well as the weight and power budgets. We also discuss the total balloon/gondola mechanical system. The pendulation from this system is a ubiquitous perturbation on the pointing system. A detailed understanding in these areas is needed for developing the next generation of balloon-borne instruments.
description: 37 pages, 15 figures, uses BoxedEPS.tex
Anas Linnaeus, 1758, gen. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Anseriformes
Anatidae
Anas

description: Anas [gen. nov.]
Rostrum lamelloso - dentatum, convexum, obtusum.
Lingua ciliata, obtusa.
* Rostro basi gibbo.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 122, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Universal Vortex Statistics and Stochastic Geometry of Bose-Einstein Condensation
Creators: name: Thudiyangal, Mithun
name: del Campo, Adolfo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The cooling of a Bose gas in finite time results in the formation of a Bose-Einstein condensate that is spontaneously proliferated with vortices. We propose that the vortex spatial statistics is described by a homogeneous Poisson point process (PPP) with a density dictated by the Kibble-Zurek mechanism (KZM). We validate this model using numerical simulations of the two-dimensional stochastic Gross-Pitaevskii equation (SGPE) for both a homogeneous and a hard-wall trapped condensate. The KZM scaling of the average vortex number with the cooling rate is established along with the universal character of the vortex number distribution. The spatial statistics between vortices is characterized by analyzing the two-point defect-defect correlation function, the corresponding spacing distributions, and the random tessellation of the vortex pattern using the Voronoi cell area statistics. Combining the PPP description with the KZM, we derive universal theoretical predictions for each of these quantities and find them in agreement with the SGPE simulations. Our results establish the universal character of the spatial statistics of point-like topological defects generated during a continuous phase transition and the associated stochastic geometry.
description: 16 pages, 16 figures
Width questions for finite simple groups
Creators: name: Malcolm, Alexander
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2017

description: This thesis is concerned with the study of non-abelian finite simple groups and their generation. In particular, we are interested in a class of problems called width questions which measure the rate at which a given collection of elements generates a group. Let G be a finite group and let S ⊂ G be a subset that generates G. Then the width of G with respect to S is defined to be the minimal k ∈ N such that any element of G can be written as a product of at most k elements from S. The focus of this work is the width of non-abelian finite simple groups with respect to the set of elements of order p, where p is a fixed prime. We call this the p-width of the group G. The work of Liebeck and Shalev shows that there exists an absolute constant N > 0 that bounds the p-width of any finite simple group (of order divisible by p), and in this thesis we seek the minimal value of N. Of particular interest is the case where p = 2, as the study of involutions plays a large role in the overall study of finite simple groups. The involution width of finite simple groups has received considerable attention in the literature: notably there exists a classification of finite simple groups of involution width two (the so-called strongly real groups). The first main result of this thesis completes the involution width problem: we show that every non-abelian finite simple group has involution width at most four. Furthermore, this result is sharp, as there exist families with involution width precisely four. The proof of this result makes extensive use of the representation theory of finite groups of Lie type, and in particular we develop the theory of minimal degree characters using dual pairs. In the latter part of the thesis, we extend our methods to consider the p-width for odd primes. We partially resolve this problem, obtaining sharp bounds for the p-width of alternating groups and sporadic groups: for any odd prime p, the p-width of An (n ≥ p) is at most three, whereas the p-width of a sporadic group is two, except for a small number of known exceptions. We also consider the p-width for some groups of Lie type of small rank.
Slaying Axion-Like Particles via Gravitational Waves and Primordial Black Holes from Supercooled Phase Transition
Creators: name: Conaci, Angela
name: Rose, Luigi Delle
name: Dev, P. S. Bhupal
name: Ghoshal, Anish
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the formation of primordial black holes (PBHs) from density fluctuations due to supercooled phase transitions (PTs) triggered in an axion-like particle (ALP) model. We find that the mass of the PBHs is inversely correlated with the ALP decay constant $f_a$. For instance, for $f_a$ varying from ${\cal O}$(100 MeV) to ${\cal O}$($10^{12}$ GeV), the PBH mass varies between $(10^{3} - 10^{-24}) M_{\odot}$. We then identify the ALP parameter space where the PBH can account for the entire (or partial) dark matter fraction of the Universe, in a single (multi-component) dark matter scenario, with the ALP being the other dark matter candidate. The PBH parameter space ruled out by current cosmological and microlensing observations can thus be directly mapped onto the ALP parameter space, thus providing new bounds on ALPs, complementary to the laboratory and astrophysical ALP constraints. Similarly, depending on the ALP couplings to other Standard Model particles, the ALP constraints on $f_a$ can be translated into a lower bound on the PBH mass scale. Moreover, the supercooled PT leads to a potentially observable stochastic gravitational wave (GW) signal at future GW observatories, such as aLIGO, LISA and ET, that acts as another complementary probe of the ALPs, as well as of the PBH dark matter. Finally, we show that the recent NANOGrav signal of stochastic GW in the nHz frequency range can be explained in our model with $f_a\simeq (10~{\rm GeV}-1~{\rm TeV})$.
description: 23 pages + references
能量做功方程式与能量烈度.pdf
Creators: name: 杨, 林
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: Mechanics

description: 在每一个系统之间的三元平衡系统中，所有的能量都在系统的内部无限循环生不息。由于任何一个系统不存在绝对的独立，所以一个系统与系统之间的相互影响，实际上是系统间“能量做功”的关系。这里的“能量做功”就是传统物理学中“能量”的概念。
Reconnecting Magnetic Flux Tubes as a Source of In Situ Acceleration in Extragalactic Radio Sources
Creators: name: Blackman, Eric G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many extended extragalactic radio sources require a local {\it in situ\/} acceleration mechanism for electrons, in part because the synchrotron lifetimes are shorter than the bulk travel time across the emitting regions. If the magnetic field in these sources is localized in flux tubes, reconnection may occur between regions of plasma $\be$ (ratio of particle to magnetic pressure) $<<1$, even though $β$ averaged over the plasma volume may be $\gsim 1$. Reconnection in low $β$ regions is most favorable to acceleration from reconnection shocks. The reconnection X-point regions may provide the injection electrons for their subsequent non-thermal shock acceleration to distributions reasonably consistent with observed spectra. Flux tube reconnection might therefore be able to provide $in\ situ$ acceleration required by large scale jets and lobes.
description: 14 pages, plain TeX, accepted to Ap.J.Lett
Late Bloomer Galaxies: Growing Up in Cosmic Autumn
Creators: name: Dressler, Alan
name: Kelson, Daniel D.
name: Abramson, Louis E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Late bloomers are massive ($M_* >10^{10}\,M_\odot$) galaxies at $z<1$ that formed the majority of their stars within $\sim$2 Gyr of the epoch of observation. Our improved methodology for deriving star formation histories (SFHs) of galaxies at redshifts $0.45 < z < 0.75$ from the Carnegie-Spitzer-IMACS Survey includes confidence intervals that robustly distinguish late bloomers from "old" galaxies. We use simulated SFHs to test for "false positives" and contamination from old galaxies to demonstrate that the late bloomer population is not an artifact of our template modeling technique. We show that late bloomers account for $\sim$20% of $z\sim0.6$ galaxies with masses of the modern Milky Way, with a moderate dependence on mass. We take advantage of a 1% overlap of our sample with HST (CANDELS) imaging to construct a "gold standard" catalog of 74 galaxies with high-confidence SFHs, SEDs, basic data, and HST images to facilitate comparison with future studies by others. This small subset suggests that galaxies with both old and young SFHs cover the full range of morphology and environment (excluding rich groups or clusters), albeit with a mild but suggestive correlation with local environment. We begin the investigation of whether late bloomers of sufficient mass and frequency are produced in current-generation $Λ$CDM-based semi-analytic models of galaxy formation. In terms of halo growth, we find a late-assembling halo fraction within a factor-of-two of our late bloomer fraction. However, sufficiently delaying star formation in such halos may be a challenge for the baryon component of such models.
description: 27 pages, 16 figures, 4 tables, 1 ancillary data file (.xml input file to generate GALACTICUS SAM results). Accepted to ApJ. Revises previous (submitted) version; results unchanged
Effect of impeller design and rotation protocol on the power consumption of turbulent stirred tanks
Creators: name: Steiros, Konstantinos
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2017

description: This thesis deals with topics concerning both passive and active control of stirred tanks. Regarding passive flow control, the effect of certain turbine blade modifications is investigated, most notably that of the blade perimeter increase in a fractal manner, applied on a conventional radial turbine stirring an unbaffled tank. It is found that the tested modifications show potential for applications, as by applying them, a drop in power consumption, an increase of the bulk turbulence intensity and the mass flow rate, and a suppression of the shed blade vortices' intensity and coherence is achieved. The latter, in particular, is argued to be a potential cause of the above-mentioned drop in torque/power consumption. Additional material from this section are the detailed comparison of fractal and perforated bluff bodies and a characterisation of the form drag distribution of radial turbines stirring unbaffled tanks. The latter was achieved by employing a novel pressure measuring technique. Regarding the active flow control, this thesis focuses on the prediction of stirred tank power consumption in situations where the shaft speed is not constant, but rather time dependent. The motivation for this is that such speed control has been shown to promote mixing in the tank. Employing first principles, qualitative scaling laws and empirical correlations, analytical models for the prediction of the torque response, when the shaft speed undergoes smooth, or step changes are developed. The predictions are then experimentally validated using torque measurements. The above models could find application in the design process of variable speed systems.
Galaxy Formation and Large-Scale Bias
Creators: name: Kauffmann, Guinevere
name: Nusser, Adi
name: Steinmetz, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We outline a simple approach to understanding the physical origin of bias in the distribution of galaxies relative to that of dark matter. The first step is to specify how collapsed, virialized halos of dark matter trace the overall matter distribution. The next step is to make a connection between halos and the luminous galaxies we observe. We appeal to the results of semi-analytic models of galaxy formation that are tuned to fit the observed luminosity functions of local groups and clusters. We have also used a high-resolution N-body simulation of a cold dark matter (CDM) universe to study the bias relation in more detail. The differences between the galaxy and dark matter distributions are quantified using a number of different clustering statistics. We arrive at the following general conclusions: 1) A comparison of the galaxy and dark matter density fields shows that linear biasing is a good description on large scales. 2) The bias factor b depends on the shape and normalization of the power spectrum. The lower the normalization, the larger the bias. More bias is obtained for spectra with more power on large scales. For "realistic" models, b ranges from 1 to 2.5. 3) Galaxies of different luminosity or morphology have different bias factors. 4) The scale dependence of the bias factor is weak.
description: 29 pages, uuencoded postscript file, 15 figures, 12 figures included, submitted to MNRAS, complete version available at http://www.mpa-garching.mpg.de/Galaxien/prep.html
On-site surface reflectometry
Creators: name: Riviere, Jérémy Maxime
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2017

description: The rapid development of Augmented Reality (AR) and Virtual Reality (VR) applications over the past years has created the need to quickly and accurately scan the real world to populate immersive, realistic virtual environments for the end user to enjoy. While geometry processing has already gone a long way towards that goal, with self-contained solutions commercially available for on-site acquisition of large scale 3D models, capturing the appearance of the materials that compose those models remains an open problem in general uncontrolled environments. The appearance of a material is indeed a complex function of its geometry, intrinsic physical properties and furthermore depends on the illumination conditions in which it is observed, thus traditionally limiting the scope of reflectometry to highly controlled lighting conditions in a laboratory setup. With the rapid development of digital photography, especially on mobile devices, a new trend in the appearance modelling community has emerged, that investigates novel acquisition methods and algorithms to relax the hard constraints imposed by laboratory-like setups, for easy use by digital artists. While arguably not as accurate, we demonstrate the ability of such self-contained methods to enable quick and easy solutions for on-site reflectometry, able to produce compelling, photo-realistic imagery. In particular, this dissertation investigates novel methods for on-site acquisition of surface reflectance based on off-the-shelf, commodity hardware. We successfully demonstrate how a mobile device can be utilised to capture high quality reflectance maps of spatially-varying planar surfaces in general indoor lighting conditions. We further present a novel methodology for the acquisition of highly detailed reflectance maps of permanent on-site, outdoor surfaces by exploiting polarisation from reflection under natural illumination. We demonstrate the versatility of the presented approaches by scanning various surfaces from the real world and show good qualitative and quantitative agreement with existing methods for appearance acquisition employing controlled or semi-controlled illumination setups.
Additional file 7: of Bivariate genome-wide association analysis strengthens the role of bitter receptor clusters on chromosomes 7 and 12 in human bitter taste
Creators: name: Liang-Dar Hwang
name: Puya Gharahkhani
name: Breslin, Paul
name: Gordon, Scott
name: Zhu, Gu
name: Martin, Nicholas
name: Reed, Danielle
name: Wright, Margaret
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Space Science
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Table S7. Top 100 SNPs on chromosome 2 associated with the perceived intensity of PROP paper and their associations with PROP solution. (DOCX 183 kb)
Pristine Mott Insulator from an Exactly Solvable Spin-1/2 Kitaev Model
Creators: name: Miao, Jian-Jian
name: Jin, Hui-Ke
name: Wang, Fa
name: Zhang, Fu-Chun
name: Zhou, Yi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose an exactly solvable quantum spin-1/2 model with time reversal invariance on a two dimensional brick-wall lattice, where each unit cell consists of three sites. We find that the ground states are algebraic quantum spin liquid states. The spinon excitations are gapless and the energy dispersion is linear around two Dirac points. The ground states are of three-fold topological degeneracy on a torus. Breaking the time reversal symmetry opens a bulk energy gap and the $Z_2$ vortices obey non-Abelian statistics.
description: 5+2 pages, 4 figures
Anas cygnus Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Anseriformes
Anatidae
Anas
Anas cygnus

description: Anas cygnus [spec. nov.]
A. rostro semicylindrico atro, cera flava, corpore albo. Fn. svec. 88. It. wgoth. 143.
Cygnus ferus. Bell. av. 30. a. Gesn. av. 372. Aldr. ornith. l. 19. c. 1. Will. orn. 212... Raj. av. 136. Alb. av. 3. p. 91. t. 96. Edw. av. 150. t. 150.
Cygnus mansvetus. Will. orn. 271. t. 69. Raj. av. 136.
Habitat in Europa, America septentrionali.
Accedit ad nos ultimo die regelationis. Piscatur pomo. It. scan. 186. 228.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 122, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
The Specific Globular Cluster Frequencies of Dwarf Elliptical Galaxies from the Hubble Space Telescope
Creators: name: Miller, B. W.
name: Lotz, J. M.
name: Ferguson, H. C.
name: Stiavelli, M.
name: Whitmore, B. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The specific globular cluster frequencies (S_N) for 24 dwarf elliptical (dE) galaxies in the Virgo and Fornax Clusters and the Leo Group imaged with the Hubble Space Telescope are presented. Combining all available data, we find that for nucleated dEs --- which are spatially distributed like giant ellipticals in galaxy clusters --- S_N(dE,N)=6.5 +- 1.2 and S_N increases with M_V, while for non-nucleated dEs --- which are distributed like late-type galaxies --- S_N(dE,noN)=3.1 +- 0.5 and there is little or no trend with M_V. The S_N values for dE galaxies are thus on average significantly higher than those for late-type galaxies, which have S_N < 1. This suggests that dE galaxies are more akin to giant Es than to late-type galaxies. If there are dormant or stripped irregulars hiding among the dE population, they are likely to be among the non-nucleated dEs. Furthermore, the similarities in the properties of the globular clusters and in the spatial distributions of dE,Ns and giant Es suggest that neither galaxy mass or galaxy metallicity is responsible for high values of S_N. Instead, most metal-poor GCs may have formed in dwarf-sized fragments that merged into larger galaxies.
description: 12 pages (uses aaspp4.sty), 2 figures, 1 table, to appear in the Astrophysical Journal
Additional file 6: of Autozygosity islands and ROH patterns in Nellore lineages: evidence of selection for functionally important traits
Creators: name: Peripolli, Elisa
name: Metzger, Julia
name: Lemos, Marcos De
name: Nedenia Stafuzza
name: Kluska, Sabrina
name: Olivieri, Bianca
name: Fabieli Feitosa
name: Berton, Mariana
name: Lopes, Fernando
name: Danísio Munari
name: Raysildo Lôbo
name: Magnabosco, Cláudio De Ulhoa
name: Croce, Fernando Di
name: Osterstock, Jason
name: Denise, Sue
name: Pereira, Angélica
name: Baldi, Fernando
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Gene Ontology terms and KEGG pathways annotation analysis enriched (P
Investigation on Phytochemical Constituents and Antimicrobial Activity of Methanolic Extract of Sonneratia apetala Buch-Ham. Areal Parts
Creators: name: Sangram Keshari Panda
name: Debasis Pati
name: S. K. Mishra
name: S. Sahu
name: B. Tripathy
name: L. Nayak
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Antimicrobial activity
Sonneratia apetala
Dsmo
Mic
ciprofloxacin
cotrimazol

description: The aim of this study was to look into the phytochemical constituents and antimicrobial activity of Sonneratia apetala arial parts methanolic extracts. Terpenoid, steroid, alkaloid, flavonoid, tannins, saponins, and polysaccharide were contained in the phytochemical constituents of methanolic extracts of S. apetal. The well diffusion method was used to assess the antimicrobial activities of the plant extracts. The tested extract had antibacterial activity against both gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria to varying degrees. These positive results indicate that the plant material has antibacterial properties. In comparison to standard anti-microbial agents ciprofloxacin and clotrimazol at 10 g/disc, the anti-microbial activity of the methanolic extract of S. apetala at 10 mg/ml was found to be dose dependent and meaningful.
KMT-2016-BLG-1107: A New Hollywood-Planet Close/Wide Degeneracy
Creators: name: Hwang, Kyu-Ha
name: Ryu, Yoon-Hyun
name: Kim, Hyoun-Woo
name: Albrow, Michael D.
name: Chung, Sun-Ju
name: Gould, Andrew
name: Han, Cheongho
name: Jung, Youn Kil
name: Shin, In-Gu
name: Shvartzvald, Yossi
name: Yee, Jennifer C.
name: Zang, Weicheng
name: Cha, Sang-Mok
name: Kim, Dong-Jin
name: Kim, Seung-Lee
name: Lee, Chung-Uk
name: Lee, Dong-Joo
name: Lee, Yongseok
name: Park, Byeong-Gon
name: Pogge, Richard W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that microlensing event KMT-2016-BLG-1107 displays a new type of degeneracy between wide-binary and close-binary Hollywood events in which a giant-star source envelops the planetary caustic. The planetary anomaly takes the form of a smooth, two-day "bump" far out on the falling wing of the light curve, which can be interpreted either as the source completely enveloping a minor-image caustic due to a close companion with mass ratio $q=0.036$, or partially enveloping a major-image caustic due to a wide companion with $q=0.004$. The best estimates of the companion masses are both in the planetary regime ($3.3^{+3.5}_{-1.8}\,M_{\rm jup}$ and $0.090^{+0.096}_{-0.037}\,M_{\rm jup}$) but differ by an even larger factor than the mass ratios due to different inferred host masses. We show that the two solutions can be distinguished by high-resolution imaging at first light on next-generation ("30m") telescopes. We provide analytic guidance to understand the conditions under which this new type of degeneracy can appear.
description: 23 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in AJ
Big Bang Nucleosynthesis constraints on the Energy-Momentum Squared Gravity: The $\mathbb{T}^{2}$ model
Creators: name: Jang, Dukjae
name: Gangopadhyay, Mayukh R.
name: Cheoun, Myung-Ki
name: Kajino, Toshitaka
name: Sami, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Scale-independent energy-momentum squared gravity (EMSG) allows different gravitational couplings for different types of sources and has been proven to have interesting implications in cosmology. In this paper, the Big Bang Nucleosynthesis (BBN) formalism and the latest observational constraints on nuclear abundances are being used to put bounds on this class of modified gravity models. Using the tight constraint from BBN on the correction term in the Friedmann equation in EMSG scenario, we report the allowed deviation from the standard cosmic expansion rate.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures, matches PRD published version
The Power Spectrum of Mass Fluctuations Measured from the Lyman-alpha Forest at Redshift z=2.5
Creators: name: Croft, Rupert A. C.
name: Weinberg, David H.
name: Pettini, Max
name: Hernquist, Lars
name: Katz, Neal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We measure the linear power spectrum of mass density fluctuations at redshift z=2.5 from the \lya forest absorption in a sample of 19 QSO spectra, using the method introduced by Croft et al. (1998). The P(k) measurement covers the range 2π/k ~ 450-2350 km/s (2-12 comoving \hmpc for Ω=1). We examine a number of possible sources of systematic error and find none that are significant on these scales. In particular, we show that spatial variations in the UV background caused by the discreteness of the source population should have negligible effect on our P(k) measurement. We obtain consistent results from the high and low redshift halves of the data set and from an entirely independent sample of nine QSO spectra with mean redshift z=2.1. A power law fit to our measured P(k) yields a logarithmic slope n=-2.25 +/- 0.18 and an amplitude Δ^2(k_p) = 0.57^{+0.26}_{-0.18}, where $Δ^2$ is the contribution to the density variance from a unit interval of lnk and k_p=0.008 (km/s)^{-1}. Direct comparison of our mass P(k) to the measured clustering of Lyman Break Galaxies shows that they are a highly biased population, with a bias factor b~2-5. The slope of the linear P(k), never previously measured on these scales, is close to that predicted by models based on inflation and Cold Dark Matter (CDM). The P(k) amplitude is consistent with some scale-invariant, COBE-normalized CDM models (e.g., an open model with Ω_0=0.4) and inconsistent with others (e.g., Ω=1). Even with limited dynamic range and substantial statistical uncertainty, a measurement of P(k) that has no unknown ``bias factors'' offers many opportunities for testing theories of structure formation and constraining cosmological parameters. (Shortened)
description: Submitted to ApJ, 27 emulateapj pages w/ 19 postscript figs
The Real Space Correlation Function Measured from the APM Galaxy Survey
Creators: name: Baugh, C. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a determination of the real space correlation function for galaxies in the APM Survey, with magnitudes in the range $17 < b_J < 20$. We recover a power law form for the correlation function $ξ(r) = (r/4.5)^{-1.7}$ on scales $r < 4 Mpc/h$, for a flat universe and clustering that is fixed in comoving coordinates.If we assume that clustering evolves according to linear perturbation theory, we obtain $ξ(r) = (r/5.25)^{-1.7}$. We recover a shoulder feature in $ξ(r)$ for scales $4 < r < 25 Mpc/h$, with the correlation function rising above the power law, before becoming consistent with zero around $r > 40 Mpc/h$. The form we obtain for $ξ(r)$ is smooth on large scales, allowing a determination of the distortions in the correlation function in redshift space, caused by the peculiar motions of galaxies to be made. Comparing the real space correlation function with the measurement of the redshift space correlation function by Loveday et al (1995), we find that a value for $omega^{0.6}/b$ (where $ω$ is the density parameter of the universe and b is the bias factor between the density of light and mass) of unity is ruled out at the 2 sigma level.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS. 11 pages uuencoded posctscript, containing 9 figures
Phase-space wavepacket dynamics of internal conversion via conical intersection: Multi-state quantum Fokker-Planck equation approach
Creators: name: Ikeda, Tatsushi
name: Tanimura, Yoshitaka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically investigate internal conversion processes of a photoexcited molecule in a condensed phase. The molecular system is described by two-dimensional adiabatic ground and excited potential energy surfaces (PESs) that are coupled to heat baths. We study the role of conical intersection (CI) by computing the time evolution of wavepackets for the PESs both with and without the CI. For this purpose, we employ the multi-state quantum Fokker-Planck equation (MSQFPE) for a two-dimensional Wigner space. Numerically integrating the MSQFPE, we investigated the time evolution of wavepackets for the CI and avoided crossing (AC) models. We find that the calculated yields through non-adiabatic transitions are sensitive to the profile of the PESs of the CI model: Due to the vibrational motion in the coupling mode, the yield depends on the distance between the CI point and the minimum point of the adiabatic excited-state PES.
description: 15 pages, 9 figures
Anas cygnoid. australis Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Anseriformes
Anatidae
Anas
Anas cygnoid. australis

description: Anas cygnoid. australis [spec. nov.]
A. rostro semicylindrico basi gibbo. Fn. svec. 89.
Anser cygneus guineensis. Raj. av. 138. Will. orn. 275.
Anser cygnoides. Alb. av. 1. p. 89. t. 91.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 122, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
A Supersoft X-Ray Binary in the Small Magellanic Cloud
Creators: name: Schmidtke, P. C.
name: Cowley, A. P.
name: McGrath, T. K.
name: Hutchings, J. B.
name: Crampton, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Photometric observations of the supersoft X-ray source 1E 0035.4-7230 obtained during two years reveal that the very blue optical counterpart (V (maximum)=20.2, B-V=-0.15, U-B=-1.06) undergoes nearly sinusoidal variations with a period of 0.1719256 days and an amplitude of Delta V~0.3 mag. ROSAT observations show the X-rays vary with approximately the same period. However, either the X-ray minimum precedes the optical minimum by about a quarter cycle or there is a small period difference between the two wavelength regions. We consider that this X-ray source is a close binary, with the optical light coming primarily from an accretion disk surrounding the compact star. Optical spectra show weak, variable He II (4686 Angstrom) emission which probably originates in this disk. Possible interpretations of the light curve are discussed, including X-ray heating of the secondary star. The very broad minimum in the X-ray light curve suggests the X-rays may be scattered in a large accretion disk corona (ADC) which is partially occulted, probably by an azimuthally irregular bulge on the disk rim. If this system lies at the distance of the Small Magellanic Cloud, it radiates near the Eddington luminosity.
description: 10 pages, 1 table and 3 (of 4) figures as uuencoded compressed Postscript. Also available at http://www.dao.nrc.ca/DAO/SCIENCE/science.html
title: Confronting fluctuations of conserved charges in central nuclear collisions at the LHC with predictions from Lattice QCD
Creators: name: Braun-Munzinger, Peter
name: Kalweit, Alexander
name: Redlich, Krzysztof
name: Stachel, Johanna
Publisher: name: Elsevier
Year: 2022

description: We construct net baryon number and strangeness susceptibilities as well as correlations between electric charge, strangeness and baryon number from experimental data at midrapidity of the ALICE Collaborationat CERN. The data were taken in central Pb–Pb collisions at √sNN = 2.76 TeV and cover one unit of rapidity. The resulting fluctuations and correlations are consistent with Lattice QCD results at the chiral crossover pseudocritical temperature Tc ≃ 155 MeV. This agreement lends strong support to the assumption that the fireball created in these collisions is of thermal origin and exhibits characteristic properties expected in QCD at the transition from the quark gluon plasma to the hadronic phase. The volume of the fireball for one unit of rapidity at Tc is found to exceed 3000 fm³. A detailed discussion on uncertainties in the temperature and volume of the fireball is presented. The results are linked to pion interferometry measurements and predictions from percolation theory.
The psychological and human brain effects of music in combination with psychedelic drugs
Creators: name: Kaelen, Mendel
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2017

description: This research investigated how psychedelics and music work together in the brain and modulate subjective experience. Chapter 1 highlighted the prominent role of music in psychedelic therapy in the 1950s and 1960s, and how music continues to be used in modern psychotherapeutic trials with psychedelics. Although ‘psychedelic therapy’ shows promising findings for mental health care, little is known empirically about the therapeutic functions of music. The primary objective of this thesis was to address this knowledge gap, via studying the effects of psychedelics and music on human brain function in healthy volunteers, and via studying the subjective experience of music, both in healthy volunteers and in patients undergoing psychedelic therapy. Study 1 (Chapter 3) demonstrated intensified music-evoked emotions under the classic psychedelic LSD, including emotions of ‘wonder’ and ‘transcendence’. In subsequent work (study 2, Chapter 4), increased activation in the inferior frontal gyrus and the precuneus to the timbre features in the music, was associated with increased music-evoked emotions of wonder. Study 3 (Chapter 5) demonstrated that LSD and music interact to enhance information flow from the parahippocampus to the visual cortex, and that this effect correlated with increased complex mental imagery and autobiographical memories. Study 4 (Chapter 6), showed that music has a substantial influence on the therapeutic experience with psilocybin in patients with depression, and the quality of the music-experience predicted peak experiences and insightfulness during sessions, and reductions in depression after sessions. These findings support the hypothesis that the music-experience is intensified under psychedelics, and the widely-held view that this effect may be therapeutically significant. Possible brain mechanisms and therapeutic mechanisms are discussed in Chapter 7, but further research is warranted to better understand these mechanisms, and to learn how music can be best used in psychedelic therapy.
Resonant Raman scattering of surface phonon polaritons mediated by excitons in WSe$_2$ films
Creators: name: Zhou, L.
name: Wirth, K.
name: Bui, M. N.
name: Rani, R.
name: Grützmacher, D.
name: Taubner, T.
name: Kardynał, B. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Surface phonon-polaritons propagating along interfaces of polar dielectrics coexist with excitons in many van der Waals heterostructures, so understanding their mutual interactions is of great interest. Here, we investigate the type I surface phonon polariton of hBN via low-temperature resonant-Raman spectroscopy in hBN/WSe2 heterostructures. The resonantly enhanced hBN surface phonon polariton (SPhP) Raman signal, when laser energy is such that the scattered photons have energy close to that of the WSe2 excitons, enables detailed characterization of type I SPhP in hBN even when hBN is one monolayer thick. We find that the measured bandwidth of the SPhP Raman signal depends on the thicknesses of the hBN layer. We are able explain the experimental data using transfer matrix method simulations of SPhP dispersions providing that we assume the Raman scattering to be momentum non-conserving, as could be the case if localized WSe2 exciton states participated in the process. We further show that resonant Raman scattering from SiO2 SPhP can also be mediated by WSe$_2$.
description: 23 pages, 11 figures
Additional file 6: of Bivariate genome-wide association analysis strengthens the role of bitter receptor clusters on chromosomes 7 and 12 in human bitter taste
Creators: name: Liang-Dar Hwang
name: Puya Gharahkhani
name: Breslin, Paul
name: Gordon, Scott
name: Zhu, Gu
name: Martin, Nicholas
name: Reed, Danielle
name: Wright, Margaret
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Table S6. Top 100 SNPs on chromosome 7 associated with the perceived intensity of PROP paper. (DOCX 171 kb)
Cage-Net Fracton Models
Creators: name: Prem, Abhinav
name: Huang, Sheng-Jie
name: Song, Hao
name: Hermele, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a class of gapped three-dimensional models, dubbed "cage-net fracton models," which host immobile fracton excitations in addition to non-Abelian particles with restricted mobility. Starting from layers of two-dimensional string-net models, whose spectrum includes non-Abelian anyons, we condense extended one-dimensional "flux-strings" built out of point-like excitations. Flux-string condensation generalizes the concept of anyon condensation familiar from conventional topological order and allows us to establish properties of the fracton ordered (equivalently, flux-string condensed) phase, such as its ground state wave function and spectrum of excitations. Through the examples of doubled Ising and SU(2)$_k$ cage-net models, we demonstrate the existence of strictly immobile Abelian fractons and of non-Abelian particles restricted to move only along one dimension. In the doubled Ising cage-net model, we show that these restricted-mobility non-Abelian excitations are a fundamentally three-dimensional phenomenon, as they cannot be understood as bound states amongst two-dimensional non-Abelian anyons and Abelian particles. We further show that the ground state wave function of such phases can be understood as a fluctuating network of extended objects -- cages -- and strings, which we dub a cage-net condensate. Besides having implications for topological quantum computation in three dimensions, our work may also point the way towards more general insights into quantum phases of matter with fracton order.
description: 21 pages, 16 figures. A.P. and S.-J.H. are co-first-authors. v2: added new results on the intrinsically sub-dimensional and inextricably non-Abelian nature of the non-Abelian excitations
title: The Strength of Social Bonds in Preventing at Risk Youth from Engaging in Delinquent and Law Violating Behavior
Creators: name: Falcone, Christopher A.
Publisher: name: Old Dominion University
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04zjtrb98
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2015

description: The purpose of the study is to assess whether social bonds (i.e., attachment, commitment, involvement, and belief) are associated with a decrease in delinquent and law violating behavior among at-risk youth in various geographical locations. According to Travis Hirschi's (1969) social bonding theory, delinquent acts occur when an individual's bond to society is weak or broken. Hirschi stated that humans by nature are deviant, and that the value individuals place on their relationships prevent them from engaging in such behavior. Using data from the 2000 ICPSR Evaluation of the Children at Risk Program in Austin, Texas; Bridgeport, Connecticut; Memphis, Tennessee; Savanah, Georgia; and Seattle, Washington (1993-1997), the four research questions addressed in this study are: Which social bonds in early adolescence are associated with a decrease in the use of marijuana or hash in later adolescence?, which social bonds in early adolescence are associated with a decrease in alcohol consumption in later adolescence?, which social bonds in early adolescence are associated with a decrease in dealing drugs in later adolescence?, and which social bonds in early adolescence are associated with a decrease in arrest in later adolescence? Overall, the results from the bivariate and multivariate analysis showed moderate support for social bonding theory.
Compactness of Hankel operators with symbols continuous on the closure of pseudoconvex domains
Creators: name: Clos, Timothy G.
name: Celik, Mehmet
name: Sahutoglu, Sonmez
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $Ω$ be a bounded pseudoconvex domain in $\mathbb{C}^2$ with Lipschitz boundary or a bounded convex domain in $\mathbb{C}^n$ and $ϕ\in C(\overlineΩ)$ such that $H_ϕ$ is compact on $A^2(Ω)$. Then $ϕ\circ f$ is holomorphic for any holomorphic $f:\mathbb{D}\rightarrow bΩ$.
description: made minor changes. To appear in Integral Equations Operator Theory
Nonclassicality detection and communication bounds in quantum networks
Creators: name: Rigovacca, Luca
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2017

description: Quantum information investigates the possibility of enhancing our ability to process and transmit information by directly exploiting quantum mechanical laws. When searching for improvement opportunities, one typically starts by assessing the range of outcomes classically attainable, and then investigates to what extent control over the quantum features of the system could be helpful, as well as the best performance that could be achieved. In this thesis we provide examples of these aspects, in linear optics, quantum metrology, and quantum communication. We start by providing a criterion able to certify whether the outcome of a linear optical evolution cannot be explained by the classical wave-like theory of light. We do so by identifying a tight lower bound on the amount of correlations that could be detected among output intensities, when classical electrodynamics theory is used to describe the fields. Rather than simply detecting nonclassicality, we then focus on its quantification. In particular, we consider the characterisation of the amount of squeezing encoded on selected quantum probes by an unknown external device, without prior information on the direction of application. We identify the single-mode Gaussian probes leading to the largest average precision in noiseless and noisy conditions, and discuss the advantages arising from the use of correlated two-mode probes. Finally, we improve current bounds on the ultimate performance attainable in a quantum communication scenario. Specifically, we bound the number of maximally entangled qubits, or private bits, shared by two parties after a communication protocol over a quantum network, without restrictions on their classical communication. As in previous investigations, our approach is based on the evaluation of the maximum amount of entanglement that could be generated by the channels in the network, but it includes the possibility of changing entanglement measure on a channel-by-channel basis. Examples where this is advantageous are discussed.
Anas orientalis Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Anseriformes
Anatidae
Anas
Anas orientalis

description: Anas orientalis [spec. nov.]
Anser, rostro semicylindrico atro basi gibbo, minor.
Anser chinensis. It. Wgot. 145.
Anser moschoviticus. Alb. av. 2. p. 83. t. 91. 92.
Habitat in Asia.
Varietas orientalis?. ab australi?. parum differt; imprimis quod illa minor.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 122, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206