cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Paths and Kostka--Macdonald Polynomials
Creators: name: Kirillov, Anatol N.
name: Sakamoto, Reiho
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 05E10; 20C35

description: We give several equivalent combinatorial descriptions of the space of states for the box-ball systems, and connect certain partition functions for these models with the q-weight multiplicities of the tensor product of the fundamental representations of the Lie algebra gl(n). As an application, we give an elementary proof of the special case t=1 of the Haglund--Haiman--Loehr formula. Also, we propose a new class of combinatorial statistics that naturally generalize the so-called energy statistics.
description: 35 pages, minor revision, final version
Cooperation and labour management at Electrolytic Zinc and Cadbury-Fry-Pacall between 1918 and 1939
Creators: name: Barton, Ruth
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: In the period between the First World War and the Second World War, the firms or Cadbury-Fry-Pascall (Cadbury) and the Electrolytic Zinc Company or Australia Ltd. (E.Z) were unusual because they had extensive welfare schemes and an almost complete absence or industrial conflict in an era that sometimes experienced quite violent industrial action. The coincidence or these two rectors was not accidental. Cadbury and E.Z had interpreted the bitter industrial conflict at the end or the First World War was not really a demand for more money but a protest against their living conditions. The two firms believed it was their obligation to cooperate with their workers and supply them with housing and other welfare benefits. This, they thought, would result in a content, committed and efficient workforce. The crux or both these companies welfare programmes was the planned creation or model industrial villages. The Cadbury scheme at Claremont and the E.Z scheme at Lutana both railed to reach the seals their creators had envisaged. This was basically because the companies did not want to bear the expense or building houses, and the workers did not want to live in the company sites. The other aspect of the welfare programme was the provision or medical schemes, pension funds and sporting and recreational activities and facilities. These schemes were well patronised end engendered in employees a feeling of commitment to the company. At both Cadbury and E.Z unionism was weak. This was in part because joint employer/employee bodies, such as the Works Committee at E.Z and the Factory Committee at Cadbury, undertook functions that are usually carried out by the unions. The workers at E.Z came under the Tasmanian Wages Board System, which often awarded lower wages and longer hours than federal Arbitration Court awards. Union attempts to gain coverage under the federal awards were successively defeated, thereby making union membership appear irrelevant. The workers at Cadbury were covered by two separate federal Arbitration Court awards for the men and woman. The awards were structured around the organisation of work at Cadbury, and classified women's work as unskilled and men's work as skilled. The effect of the sexual division of labour perpetrated by Cadbury was to make it difficult to organise the women and defined them, rather than the Company, as a threat to the men's wages and conditions. This was reflected in the unions tendency to fight amongst themselves rather than engage Cadbury. Overall the cooperative welfare centered industrial relations policies of Cadbury and E.Z enabled them, with the assistance or the state, to manage their labour force in such an effective manner they were able to virtually avoid industrial conflict for twenty years.
RSPB-2023-2302_Supplemental_Tables_and_Figures from Variation in personality shaped by evolutionary history, genotype and developmental plasticity in response to feeding modalities in the Arctic charr
Creators: name: Dellinger, Marion
name: Steele, Sarah E.
name: Sprockel, Evert
name: Philip, Joris
name: Pálsson, Arnar
name: Benhaïm, David
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 310399
subject: Ecology not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 310499
subject: Evolutionary biology not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 310901
subject: Animal behaviour

description: All supplemental Figures (S1 to S3) and Tables (T1 and T2) mentioned in the main text of the article "Variation in personality shaped by evolutionary history, genotype, and developmental plasticity in response to feeding modalities in the Arctic charr" (Dellinger et al., 2023, https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2023.2302)
Performance of CMS Hadron Calorimeter Timing and Synchronization using Test Beam, Cosmic Ray, and LHC Beam Data
Creators: name: CMS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper discusses the design and performance of the time measurement technique and of the synchronization systems of the CMS hadron calorimeter. Time measurement performance results are presented from test beam data taken in the years 2004 and 2006. For hadronic showers of energy greater than 100 GeV, the timing resolution is measured to be about 1.2 ns. Time synchronization and out-of-time background rejection results are presented from the Cosmic Run At Four Tesla and LHC beam runs taken in the Autumn of 2008. The inter-channel synchronization is measured to be within 2 ns.
Hard thermal loops for soft or collinear external momenta
Creators: name: Besak, Denis
name: Bodeker, Dietrich
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider finite temperature 1-loop diagrams with hard loop momenta and an arbitrary number of external gauge fields when the external momenta are either soft, or near the light cone and nearly collinear with the loop momentum. We obtain a recursion relation for these diagrams which we translate into an equation for their generating functional. By integrating out the soft fields while keeping two collinear ones we find an integral equation, originally due to Arnold, Moore, and Yaffe, which sums the bremsstrahlung and pair annihilation contribution to the thermal photon production rate.
description: 17 pages, title corrected, clarifying paragraph added to the appendix, version to appear in JHEP
Nonlinear effects on charge fractionalization in critical chains
Creators: name: Ramos, Flávia B.
name: Pereira, Rodrigo G.
name: Eggert, Sebastian
name: Schneider, Imke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the generic transport in a one-dimensional strongly correlated fermionic chain beyond linear response. Starting from a Gaussian wave packet with positive momentum on top of the ground state, we find that the numerical time evolution splits the signal into at least three distinct fractional charges moving with different velocities. A fractional left-moving charge is expected from conventional Luttinger liquid theory, but for the prediction of the two separate right-moving packets the nonlinearity of the dispersion must also be taken into account. This out-of-equilibrium protocol therefore allows a direct measurement of nonlinear interaction parameters, which also govern threshold singularities of dynamic response functions. The nonlinear Luttinger Liquid theory also predicts the correct dynamics at low energies, where it agrees with the conventional Luttinger liquid. Moreover, at high energies, the wave packet dynamics reveals signatures of composite excitations containing two-particle bound states. Our results uncover a simple strategy to probe the nonlinear regime in time-resolved experiments in quantum wires and ultracold-atom platforms.
On Cross-correlations between Curvature and Isocurvature Perturbations during Inflation
Creators: name: Gao, Xian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the effects of couplings between curvature and isocurvature perturbations before and around horizon-crossings during cosmological inflation. We consider a generalized two-field inflation model, in which the non-canonical kinetic term allows us arbitrary sound speeds of curvature and isocurvature perturbations. By using the field-theoretical perturbative analysis, we calculate the cross-spectrum between curvature and isocurvature perturbations and the corrections to curvature and isocurvature power spectra due to the presence of couplings between them. Our analysis confirms previous results that the cross-correlations are generated and amplified when perturbations cross the horizons. Moreover, we find the cross-correlation, which was previously shown to be first-order in slow-roll parameter, can be enhanced when the sound speed of isocurvature perturbation is much smaller than that of the curvature perturbation. This is because in this case the isocurvature perturbation exits its horizon much earlier than the curvature perturbation and acts as a nearly constant source on the curvature perturbation.
description: 19 pages, 8 figures. v2 important note and reference added. v3, final version, important comments are added to improve the logic and make the physical meaning of the results clearer, version to appear in JCAP
Undiscovered Potential: Ge Catalysts for Lactide Polymerization
Creators: name: Rittinghaus, Ruth D.
name: Tremmel, Jakub
name: Růžička, Ales
name: Conrads, Christian
name: Albrecht, Pascal
name: Hoffmann, Alexander
name: Ksiazkiewicz, Agnieszka N.
name: Pich, Andrij
name: Jambor, Roman
name: Herres-Pawlis, Sonja
Publisher: name: Weinheim : Wiley-VCH
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: bioplastics
subject: germanium
subject: lactide
subject: ring-opening polymerization
subject: zinc
subject: 540
subject: 660

description: Polylactide (PLA) is a high potential bioplastic that can replace oil-based plastics in a number of applications. To date, in spite of its known toxicity, a tin catalyst is used on industrial scale which should be replaced by a benign catalyst in the long run. Germanium is known to be unharmful while having similar properties as tin. Only few germylene catalysts are known so far and none has shown the potential for industrial application. We herein present Ge complexes in combination with zinc and copper, which show amazingly high polymerization activities for lactide in bulk at 150 °C. By systematical variation of the complex structure, proven by single-crystal XRD and DFT calculations, structure–property relationships are found regarding the polymerization activity. Even in the presence of zinc and copper, germanium acts as the active site for polymerizing probably through the coordination–insertion mechanism to high molar mass polymers. © 2019 The Authors. Published by Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA.
Dark Matter Annihilation around Intermediate Mass Black Holes: an update
Creators: name: Bertone, Gianfranco
name: Fornasa, Mattia
name: Taoso, Marco
name: Zentner, Andrew R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The formation and evolution of Black Holes inevitably affects the distribution of dark and baryonic matter in the neighborhood of the Black Hole. These effects may be particularly relevant around Supermassive and Intermediate Mass Black Holes (IMBHs), the formation of which can lead to large Dark Matter overdensities, called {\em spikes} and {\em mini-spikes} respectively. Despite being larger and more dense, spikes evolve at the very centers of galactic halos, in regions where numerous dynamical effects tend to destroy them. Mini-spikes may be more likely to survive, and they have been proposed as worthwhile targets for indirect Dark Matter searches. We review here the formation scenarios and the prospects for detection of mini-spikes, and we present new estimates for the abundances of mini-spikes to illustrate the sensitivity of such predictions to cosmological parameters and uncertainties regarding the astrophysics of Black Hole formation at high redshift. We also connect the IMBHs scenario to the recent measurements of cosmic-ray electron and positron spectra by the PAMELA, ATIC, H.E.S.S., and Fermi collaborations.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures. Invited contribution to NJP Focus Issue on "Dark Matter and Particle Physics"
Fine Synchronization of the CMS Muon Drift-Tube Local Trigger using Cosmic Rays
Creators: name: CMS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The CMS experiment uses self-triggering arrays of drift tubes in the barrel muon trigger to perform the identification of the correct bunch crossing. The identification is unique only if the trigger chain is correctly synchronized. In this paper, the synchronization performed during an extended cosmic ray run is described and the results are reported. The random arrival time of cosmic ray muons allowed several synchronization aspects to be studied and a simple method for the fine synchronization of the Drift Tube Local Trigger at LHC to be developed.
Electric current-driven spectral tunability of surface plasmon polaritons in gold coated tapered fibers
Creators: name: Lühder, Tilman
name: Wieduwilt, Torsten
name: Schneidewind, Henrik
name: Schmidt, Markus A.
Publisher: name: College Park : American Institute of Physics
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Fiber optic devices
subject: Gold
subject: Optical phase matching
subject: 620

description: Here we introduce the concept of electrically tuning surface plasmon polaritons using current-driven heat dissipation, allowing controlling plasmonic properties via a straightforward-to-access quantity. The key idea is based on an electrical current flowing through the plasmonic layer, changing plasmon dispersion and phase-matching condition via a temperature-imposed modification of the refractive index of one of the dielectric media involved. This scheme was experimentally demonstrated on the example of an electrically connected plasmonic fiber taper that has sensitivities >50000 nm/RIU. By applying a current, dissipative heat generated inside metal film heats the surrounding liquid, reducing its refractive index correspondingly and thus modifying the phase-matching condition to the fundamental taper mode. We observed spectral shifts of the plasmonic resonance up to 300 nm towards shorter wavelength by an electrical power of ≤ 80 mW, clearly showing that our concept is important for applications that demand precise real-time and external control on plasmonic dispersion and resonance wavelengths.
Low energy spin dynamics in the antiferromagnetic phase of CaFe2As2
Creators: name: Curro, N. J.
name: Dioguardi, A. P.
name: ApRoberts-Warren, N.
name: Shockley, A. C.
name: Klavins, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present 75As nuclear magnetic resonance data in the paramagnetic and magnetic states of single crystal CaFe2As2. The electric field gradient and the internal magnetic field at the As sites change discontinuously below the first order structural transition at T0 = 169 K. In the magnetic state, we find a single value of the internal hyperfine field consistent with commensurate antiferromagnetic order of Fe moments pointing in the ab plane. The spin lattice relaxation rate shows Korringa behavior for T
description: 11 pages, 8 figures
Transport Coefficients of Hadronic Matter near $T_c$
Creators: name: Noronha-Hostler, Jacquelyn
name: Noronha, Jorge
name: Greiner, Carsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A hadron resonance gas model including all known particles and resonances with masses $m<2$ GeV and an exponentially rising density of Hagedorn states for $m>2$ GeV is used to obtain an upper bound on the shear viscosity to entropy density ratio, $η/s\approx1/(4π)$, of hadronic matter near $T_c$. We found a large trace anomaly and small speed of sound near $T_c$, which agree well with recent lattice calculations. We comment on the bulk viscosity to entropy density ratio close to $T_c$.
description: Version published in Physical Review Letters
Nonequilibrium dynamics in a two-channel Kondo system due to a quantum quench
Creators: name: Ratiani, Zurab
name: Mitra, Aditi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent experiments by Potok et al. have demonstrated a remarkable tunability between a single-channel Fermi liquid fixed point and a two-channel non-Fermi liquid fixed point. Motivated by this we study the nonequilibrium dynamics due to a sudden quench of the parameters of a Hamiltonian from a single-channel to a two-channel anisotropic Kondo system. We find a distinct difference between the long time behavior of local quantities related to the impurity spin as compared to that of bulk quantities related to the total (conduction electrons + impurity) spin of the system. In particular, the local impurity spin and the local spin susceptibility are found to equilibrate, but in a very slow power-law fashion which is peculiar to the non-Fermi liquid properties of the Hamiltonian. In contrast, we find a lack of equilibration in the two particle expectation values related to the total spin of the system.
description: 5 pages, 1 fig. Accepted in PRB
Hindered settling
Creators: name: Chong, Yu Sen
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Natural and commercially available particles of uniform shape and size were used to study the effect of particle shape on hindered settling in creeping flow (Re₀< 0.1), where fluid flow behaviour is independent of particle Reynolds number and the effect of shape is most prominent. Particles of different shapes used were spherical glass beads, cubic salt (NaCl) crystals and ABS plastic pellets, flaky sugar crystals and angular mineral (silicate) crystals. They were carefully sized by sieving and liquid elutriation to avoid other effects like size segregation. Constant settling data were processed in the form of uѵ rather than u to eliminate the effect of temperature variation on viscosity. The effect of the wall on hindered settling rate was found to be small in most cases. The method proposed by Beranek and Klumpar for correlating fluidization data on different shaped particles was found to be only moderately successful in correlating the present settling data for different shapes. Results were plotted as loguѵ versus log €, and the index n of the equation uѵ/(uѵ)ext = €ⁿ was calculated by least squares. It varied from an average value of 4.8 for the smooth spheres to 5.4 for the cubes to 5.8 for the flaky or angular particles. In contrast to the corresponding term proposed by Richardson and Zaki, the term (uѵ)ext was measurably lower than uѵ for free settling of the spherically isotropic particles. More significantly, the index n was graphically found to display a definite trend with the random loose fixed bed porosity, which is shape dependent and easily measured, and may therefore turn out to be a simple and useful parameter for taking account of shape variation.
Skew-symmetric cluster algebras of finite mutation type
Creators: name: Felikson, Anna
name: Shapiro, Michael
name: Tumarkin, Pavel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 16S99, 15A63

description: In 2003, Fomin and Zelevinsky obtained Cartan-Killing type classification of all cluster algebras of finite type, i.e. cluster algebras having only finitely many distinct cluster variables. A wider class of cluster algebras is formed by cluster algebras of finite mutation type which have finitely many exchange matrices (but are allowed to have infinitely many cluster variables). In this paper we classify all cluster algebras of finite mutation type with skew-symmetric exchange matrices. Besides cluster algebras of rank 2 and cluster algebras associated with triangulations of surfaces there are exactly 11 exceptional skew-symmetric cluster algebras of finite mutation type. More precisely, 9 of them are associated with root systems $E_6$, $E_7$, $E_8$, $\widetilde E_6$, $\widetilde E_7$, $\widetilde E_8$, $E_6^{(1,1)}$, $E_7^{(1,1)}$, $E_8^{(1,1)}$; two remaining were recently found by Derksen and Owen. We also describe a criterion which determines if a skew-symmetric cluster algebra is of finite mutation type, and discuss growth rate of cluster algebras.
description: 49 pages, 33 figures; v4: minor changes in Prop. 4.6 and Cor. 4.9, references corrected
The story in the body: narrative rememberings and the illness experience
Creators: name: Fassett, D
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: Through the stories of a woman whom I have called Anna this thesis explores the experiences of 'being ill' without a medical diagnosis. Anna suffered an extreme form of unexplained paralysis following what appeared to be an asthma attack a few years ago and has never recovered. Through Anna's illness narrative she identified her 'self' through the medical, scientific discourse as 'consciousness' and an 'object' body and described herself as being 'just a head'. This study reveals some of the consequences of 'being' a medicalised Cartesian body. The dominant scientific assumptions of the body in health care have resulted in some major theoretical tensions that both contradict and complicate theorising the body. In response to what Anna experienced I have drawn upon theorists who are committed to re-thinking the body to deepen my understandings of the experience of illness. The way that knowledge and meaning are constituted through language and the body are a feature of the analysis in this study. Through the process of telling Anna's and my stories I have attempted to account for 'difference' and 'subject experience' through an analysis of the stories that we chose to tell about ourselves. These stories reveal something of the social and material conditions that shape our lives and opens up the possibilities that there are many 'truths'. Anna and I engaged in critical conversations that revealed many gaps, inconsistencies, and contradictions as our stories unfolded. This activity allowed us to make unique sense of our lives. The stories in this thesis expose how both Anna's and my Cartesian understandings of the world so dramatically shaped, but at the same time concealed our stories and thus our experiences. Anna's stories challenge people to explore a range of different positions on the problematic of illness and the body as it becomes clearer how narrative may shape and construct our lives and thus our reality.
Formation of star-like and core-shell AuAg nanoparticles during two- and three-step preparation in batch and in microfluidic systems
Creators: name: Köhler, J.M.
name: Romanus, H.
name: Hübner, U.
name: Wagner, J.
Publisher: name: New York : Hindawi
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: nanoparticles
subject: formation
subject: 620

description: Regular dendrit-like metal nanoparticles and core-shell nanoparticles were formed by the reduction of mixtures of tetrachloroaurate and silver nitrate solutions with ascorbic acid at room temperature in two- and three-step procedures. The formation of these particles was found in batch experiments as well as in micro flow-through processes using static micromixers. The characteristic diameters of 4-branched star particles were in the range between 60 and 100 nm. The typical particles consist of four metal cores which are embedded in a common shell. Additionally, particles with five and more metallic cores were formed, to some extent, and aggregates of the 4-branched particles also were formed. Larger aggregates and network-like structures of connected star particles were formed after sedimentation. The properties of the formed particles are dependent on the educt concentrations as well as on the order of mixing steps and on the time interval between them. Obviously, the relation of nucleation and particle growth in relation to the concentrations of metal ions determines the composition and the properties of formed nanoparticles. So, star-like particles are observed in case of nucleation of Au in absence of silver ions but with silver deposition after short nucleation time. Spherical core shell particles are formed in case of silver salt addition after complete reduction of tetrachloroaurate in flow-through experiments with sufficient residence time between both mixing steps. Polymer layers are always found in the form of a second outer shell even if the polymer solutions are added in an early stage of particle formation.
Star Cluster Candidates in M81
Creators: name: Nantais, J. B.
name: Huchra, J. P.
name: McLeod, B.
name: Strader, J.
name: Brodie, J. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a catalog of extended objects in the vicinity of M81 based a set of 24 Hubble Space Telescope Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS) Wide Field Camera (WFC) F814W (I-band) images. We have found 233 good globular cluster candidates; 92 candidate HII regions, OB associations, or diffuse open clusters; 489 probable background galaxies; and 1719 unclassified objects. We have color data from ground-based g- and r-band MMT Megacam images for 79 galaxies, 125 globular cluster candidates, 7 HII regions, and 184 unclassified objects. The color-color diagram of globular cluster candidates shows that most fall into the range 0.25 < g-r < 1.25 and 0.5 < r-I < 1.25, similar to the color range of Milky Way globular clusters. Unclassified objects are often blue, suggesting that many of them are likely to be HII regions and open clusters, although a few galaxies and globular clusters may be among them.
description: 35 pages, 11 figures, submitted to AJ
Visualization support for requirements monitoring in systems of systems
Creators: name: Kritzinger, Lisa Maria
name: Vierhauser, Michael
name: Grünbacher, Paul
name: Rabiser, Rick
name: Krismayer, Thomas
Publisher: name: University of Notre Dame
Year: 2023

description: Industrial software systems are often systems of systems (SoS) whose full behavior only emerges at runtime. The systems and their interactions thus need to be continuously monitored and checked during operation to determine compliance with requirements. Many requirements monitoring approaches have been proposed. However, only few of these come with tools that present and visualize monitoring results and details on requirements violations to end users such as industrial engineers. In this tool demo paper we present visualization capabilities we have been developing motivated by industrial scenarios. Our tool complements REMINDS, an existing requirements monitoring framework, which supports collecting, aggregating, and analyzing events and event data in architecturally heterogeneous SoS. Our visualizations support a 'drill-down' scenario for monitoring and diagnosis: starting from a graphical status overview of the monitored systems and their relations, engineers can view trends and statistics about performed analyses and diagnose the root cause of problems by inspecting the events and event data that led to a specific violation. Initial industry feedback we received confirms the usefulness of our tool support.
ASTRA: Aligning Speech and Text Representations for Asr without Sampling
Creators: name: Gaur, Neeraj
name: Agrawal, Rohan
name: Wang, Gary
name: Haghani, Parisa
name: Rosenberg, Andrew
name: Ramabhadran, Bhuvana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper introduces ASTRA, a novel method for improving Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) through text injection.Unlike prevailing techniques, ASTRA eliminates the need for sampling to match sequence lengths between speech and text modalities. Instead, it leverages the inherent alignments learned within CTC/RNNT models. This approach offers the following two advantages, namely, avoiding potential misalignment between speech and text features that could arise from upsampling and eliminating the need for models to accurately predict duration of sub-word tokens. This novel formulation of modality (length) matching as a weighted RNNT objective matches the performance of the state-of-the-art duration-based methods on the FLEURS benchmark, while opening up other avenues of research in speech processing.
description: To be published in Interspeech 2024
Optical quantum memory
Creators: name: Lvovsky, A. I.
name: Sanders, B. C.
name: Tittel, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum memory is important to quantum information processing in many ways: a synchronization device to match various processes within a quantum computer, an identity quantum gate that leaves any state unchanged, and a tool to convert heralded photons to photons-on-demand. In addition to quantum computing, quantum memory would be instrumental for the implementation of long-distance quantum communication using quantum repeaters. The importance of this basic quantum gate is exemplified by the multitude of optical quantum memory mechanisms being studied: optical delay lines, cavities, electromagnetically-induced transparency, photon-echo, and off-resonant Faraday interaction. Here we report on the state-of-the-art in the field of optical quantum memory, including criteria for successful quantum memory and current performance levels.
description: This is the original version of the review paper published in Nature Photonics. The review reflects the state of the art in the field as of September 2009. The sections on DLCZ and off-resonant Faraday interaction, which were shortened in the Nature Photonics version due to space limitations, are presented here in their original form. v3: minor error fixed.
On the determination of Moving Boundaries for Hyperbolic Equations
Creators: name: Eskin, Gregory
name: Ralston, James
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider wave equations in domains with time-dependent boundaries (moving obstacles) contained in a fixed cylinder for all time. We give sufficient conditions for the determination of the moving boundary from the Cauchy data on part of the boundary of the cylinder. We also study the related problem of accessibility of the moving boundary by time-like curves from the boundary of the cylinder.
description: The proof of Theorem 4.1 is expanded, Example 1 of section 4.3 is improved, misprints are corrected
Top-quark pair production as a probe of light top-philic scalars and anomalous Higgs interactions
Creators: name: Maltoni, Fabio
name: Pagani, Davide
name: Tentori, Simone
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the effects due to the virtual exchange (or the soft emission) of a scalar particle with generic couplings to the top quark in $t\bar t$ pair production at the LHC. We apply the results to two cases of interest, extending and completing previous studies. First, we consider the indirect search for light ($m_S<2 m_t$) top-philic scalars with CP-even and/or CP-odd interactions. Second, we investigate how to set constraints on anomalous Yukawa couplings of the Higgs boson to the top quark. Our results show that the current precision of experimental data together with the accuracy of the SM predictions make such indirect determinations a powerful probe for new physics.
Coexistence of Superconductivity and Charge Density Waves in Tantalum Disulfide : Experiment and Theory
Creators: name: Kvashnin, Y.
name: VanGennep, D.
name: Mito, M.
name: Medvedev, S.A.
name: Thiyagarajan, R.
name: Karis, O.
name: Vasiliev, A.N.
name: Eriksson, O.
name: Abdel-Hafiez, M.
Publisher: name: College Park, Md. : APS
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Calculations
subject: Charge density
subject: Charge density waves
subject: 550
subject: 530

description: The coexistence of charge density wave (CDW) and superconductivity in tantalum disulfide (2H-TaS2) at low temperature is boosted by applying hydrostatic pressures to study both vibrational and magnetic transport properties. Around Pc, we observe a superconducting dome with a maximum superconducting transition temperature Tc=9.1 K. First-principles calculations of the electronic structure predict that, under ambient conditions, the undistorted structure is characterized by a phonon instability at finite momentum close to the experimental CDW wave vector. Upon compression, this instability is found to disappear, indicating the suppression of CDW order. The calculations reveal an electronic topological transition (ETT), which occurs before the suppression of the phonon instability, suggesting that the ETT alone is not directly causing the structural change in the system. The temperature dependence of the first vortex penetration field has been experimentally obtained by two independent methods. While a d wave and single-gap BCS prediction cannot describe the lower critical field Hc1 data, the temperature dependence of the Hc1 can be well described by a single-gap anisotropic s-wave order parameter. © 2020 authors. Published by the American Physical Society.
Non-Gaussian Signatures from the Postinflationary Early Universe
Creators: name: Silvestri, Alessandra
name: Trodden, Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider contributions to non-Gaussianity of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) from remnants of post-inflationary phase transitions in the very early universe. Such signatures can optimistically be used to discover evidence of new particle physics through cosmological observations. More conservatively they provide a potential obstacle to extracting information about the non-Gaussian nature of primordial density fluctuations from any detection in the CMB. We demonstrate this explicitly by computing the bispectrum from global textures, which may be generated from a wide class of particle physics models.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, revised version accepted for publication in PRL
Fermentation of sulfite spent liquor
Creators: name: Nishikawa, Masabumi
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Fermentation of sulfite spent liquor with Propionibacterium freudenreichii was done to produce volatile acids (acetic and propionic) and Vitamin B₁₂. It was found that in addition to producing these compounds some reduction in the pollution potential (COD) of this waste product was achieved. Better growth resulted if the spent liquor was first treated to remove lignin and calcium compounds. An existing spectrophotometry assay technique for measuring Vitamin B₁₂ content was modified for use in the presence of sulfite spent liquor.
Tubular hollow fibre electrodes for CO2 reduction made from copper aluminum alloy with drastically increased intrinsic porosity
Creators: name: Bell, Daniel
name: Rall, Deniz
name: Großeheide, Maren
name: Marx, Lennart
name: Hülsdünker, Laura
name: Wessling, Matthias
Publisher: name: Amsterdam [u.a.] : Elsevier Science
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: CO2 reduction
subject: Copper aluminum alloy
subject: Gas diffusion electrode
subject: Porous metals
subject: Tubular hollow fibre
subject: 540

description: Electrochemical reduction of CO2 to higher-order hydrocarbon products offers a significant contribution to the challenge of a circular economy. In the pursuit of better copper metal catalyst, it was early on realized that increasing productivity of copper catalysts systems is reliant on high surface area per volume. Tubular gas diffusion electrodes offer such properties. In this work, we present a methodology to fabricate tubular hollow fibre copper electrodes with drastically increased intrinsic porosity. Our described method utilizes a standard dealloying process of copper aluminium particles to induce an intra-particle nanoporosity. The specific surface area increases from 0.126 m2 g−1 before dealloying to 6.194 m2 g−1 after dealloying. In comparison to conventional planar copper electrodes and literature data from conventional copper hollow fibres, the intra-particle porosity leads to a drastically increase in electrochemical activity. Electrochemical measurements reveal increased current densities at low over-potentials in comparison to conventional copper electrodes under identical experimental conditions emphasizing the significant impact of the porosity on the electrode performance. The presented method can be easily transferred to other alloy particles, highlighting its versatility for electrode fabrication. © 2019 The Author(s)
Theses on the relationship between the ecclesiastical magisterium and theology. International Theological Commission ; A commentary on the theses.... by Otto Semmelroth and Karl Lehmann.
Creators: name: Catholic Church.Commissio Theologica Internationalis.
Publisher: name: University of Notre Dame
Year: 2023

description:
 The theses summarize the conclusions of a plenary session of the International Theological Commission held September 25 - October 1, 1975. They were drawn up by Rev. Otto Semmelroth, S.J. and Rev. Karl Lehmann and were approved by the 'great majority' of the commission.
Strong Lensing by Subhalos in the Dwarf-Galaxy Mass Range II: Detection Probabilities
Creators: name: Riehm, T.
name: Zackrisson, E.
name: Mortsell, E.
name: Wiik, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dark halo substructures predicted by current cold dark matter simulations may in principle be detectable through strong-lensing image splitting of quasars on small angular scales (0.01 arcseconds or below). Here, we estimate the overall probabilities for lensing by substructures in a host halo closely aligned to the line of sight to a background quasar. Under the assumption that the quasar can be approximated as a point source, the optical depth for strong gravitational lensing by subhalos typically turns out to be very small (tau < 0.01), contrary to previous claims. We therefore conclude that it is currently not feasible to use this strategy to put the simulation predictions for the dark matter subhalo population to the test. However, if one assumes the source to be spatially extended, as is the case for a quasar observed at radio wavelengths, there is a reasonable probability for witnessing substructure lensing effects even at rather large projected distances from the host galaxy, provided that the angular resolution is sufficient. While multiply-imaged, radio-loud quasars would be the best targets for unambiguously detecting dark matter subhalos, even singly-imaged radio quasars might be useful for setting upper limits on the abundance and central surface mass density of subhalos.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
Methods for mapping the tundra vegetation of sub-Antarctic Macquarie Island
Creators: name: Bricher, PK
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: Vegetation mapping is increasingly used for detecting changes in plant distributions at landscape scales. This is aided by the development of sophisticated machine learning tools and very high resolution satellite imagery, which together allow for the detection of changes at finer spatial and attribute resolutions. Even with these new tools, the sub-Antarctic poses particular challenges for mapping. The remoteness demands particular efficiency in field sampling and regular cloud-cover hampers satellite image acquisition and the tundra vegetation is small-statured and dominated by ecologically generalist species. Additionally, High accuracy mapping is of particular interest on sub-Antarctic Macquarie Island, where the vegetation is changing rapidly. Reliable maps of current species distributions would provide valuable baselines for monitoring future change. This thesis develops and tests methods for all steps of the mapping process, including field methods, sampling design, examining whether plant communities are an appropriate mapping unit for change detection, and testing the best methods of image classification. A new photographic field sampling method is demonstrated to collect equivalent data to an existing field quadrat method but with less field time needed. Next, a geographically-stratified random sampling design is developed, applied and tested for its capacity to capture the variation in terrain variables that are thought to drive plant species distributions. Previous descriptions of the vegetation of Macquarie Island are based on the idea that the vegetation can be more or less grouped into discrete communities. I test this hypothesis and find that floristic classification is unable to identify any stable communities on this highly disturbed island. I therefore finally focus on single-species mapping, determining the best combination of very high resolution satellite imagery, terrain modelling and random forest classification to map the extent of the endemic, critically-endangered cushion plant, Azorella macquariensis, with very high accuracy. The successful mapping of A. macquariensis, a small-statured and patchily distributed species, demonstrates the utility of this mapping technique. I describe initial results for applying this technique to other species, highlighting the ecological and spectral characteristics that distinguish those tundra species that are amenable to mapping from VHR satellite imagery and terrain modelling. In summation, in this thesis, I develop and test tools for all stages of mapping the distribution of plant species on sub-Antarctic Macquarie Island at a resolution suitable for monitoring rapid distributional changes.
Measurement of the nonlinear Meissner effect in superconducting Nb films using a resonant microwave cavity: A probe of unconventional pairing symmetries
Creators: name: Groll, N.
name: Gurevich, A.
name: Chiorescu, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report observation of the nonlinear Meissner effect (NLME) in Nb films by measuring the resonance frequency of a planar superconducting cavity as a function of the magnitude and the orientation of a parallel magnetic field. Use of low power rf probing in films thinner than the London penetration depth, significantly increases the field for the vortex penetration onset and enables NLME detection under true equilibrium conditions. The data agree very well with calculations based on the Usadel equations. We propose to use NLME angular spectroscopy to probe unconventional pairing symmetries in superconductors.
description: published version
CTC-aligned Audio-Text Embedding for Streaming Open-vocabulary Keyword Spotting
Creators: name: Jin, Sichen
name: Jung, Youngmoon
name: Lee, Seungjin
name: Roh, Jaeyoung
name: Han, Changwoo
name: Cho, Hoonyoung
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This paper introduces a novel approach for streaming openvocabulary keyword spotting (KWS) with text-based keyword enrollment. For every input frame, the proposed method finds the optimal alignment ending at the frame using connectionist temporal classification (CTC) and aggregates the frame-level acoustic embedding (AE) to obtain higher-level (i.e., character, word, or phrase) AE that aligns with the text embedding (TE) of the target keyword text. After that, we calculate the similarity of the aggregated AE and the TE. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first attempt to dynamically align the audio and the keyword text on-the-fly to attain the joint audio-text embedding for KWS. Despite operating in a streaming fashion, our approach achieves competitive performance on the LibriPhrase dataset compared to the non-streaming methods with a mere 155K model parameters and a decoding algorithm with time complexity O(U), where U is the length of the target keyword at inference time.
Nested algebraic Bethe ansatz for open GL(N) spin chains with projected K-matrices
Creators: name: Nepomechie, Rafael I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider an open spin chain model with GL(N) bulk symmetry that is broken to GL(M) x GL(N-M) by the boundary, which is a generalization of a model arising in string/gauge theory. We prove the integrability of this model by constructing the corresponding commuting transfer matrix. This construction uses operator-valued "projected" K-matrices. We solve this model for general values of N and M using the nested algebraic Bethe ansatz approach, despite the fact that the K-matrices are not diagonal. The key to obtaining this solution is an identity based on a certain factorization property of the reduced K-matrices into products of R-matrices. Numerical evidence suggests that the solution is complete.
description: 27 pages; v2: minor change; v3: references added