cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Key Role for the 12-Hydroxy Group in the Negative Ion Fragmentation of Unconjugated C24 Bile Acids
Creators: name: Brouwer, Kim L.R.
name: Su, Mingming
name: Xie, Guoxiang
name: Ferslew, Brian C.
name: Rajani, Cynthia
name: Liu, Changxiao
name: Lan, Ke
name: Jia, Wei
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Host-gut microbial interactions contribute to human health and disease states and an important manifestation resulting from this cometabolism is a vast diversity of bile acids (BAs). There is increasing interest in using BAs as biomarkers to assess the health status of individuals and, therefore, an increased need for their accurate separation and identification. In this study, the negative ion fragmentation behaviors of C24 BAs were investigated by UPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS. The step-by-step fragmentation analysis revealed a distinct fragmentation mechanism for the unconjugated BAs containing a 12-hydroxyl group. The unconjugated BAs lacking 12-hydroxylation fragmented via dehydration and dehydrogenation. In contrast, the 12-hydroxylated ones, such as deoxycholic acid (DCA) and cholic acid (CA), employed dissociation routes including dehydration, loss of carbon monoxide or carbon dioxide, and dehydrogenation. All fragmentations of the 12-hydroxylated unconjugated BAs, characterized by means of stable isotope labe...
Towards robust corrections for stellar contamination in transmission spectra using HST, JWST, and TESS: first results from two Legacy programs
Creators: name: Rackham, Benjamin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Exoplanets
Stellar Astrophysics

description: The first JWST transmission spectra have revealed exoplanet atmospheres in exquisite detail but also a stellar-contamination characterization bottleneck, particularly for M-dwarf planets. Here we present the first results from a large effort that leverages HST and JWST stellar spectra and TESS photometry to constrain stellar contamination in more than 30 exoplanet systems. We first explore the reliability of stellar models for deriving stellar-contamination corrections and find the limited fidelity of stellar models can dominate the noise budget of precise transmission spectra, especially for active or late-type stars. We then present a case study of HD 189733, an active K dwarf hosting a well-studied hot Jupiter. Using three archival HST/WFC3 datasets, we infer the spot temperature and covering fraction from the out-of-transit stellar spectra. We find the data are best explained by a model that includes a persistently high (~40%) covering fraction of ~3200 K spots that, given the target’s TESS variability, must be distributed primarily axisymmetrically. These results highlight (1) the need for better model-based and empirical constraints on host-star photospheres and (2) the unique role that TESS data play in this effort.
title: Bright spinal cord: a practical approach
Creators: name: Dhanda, Sunita
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Neuroradiology spine
subject: MR
subject: Education
subject: Oedema

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: 1. Describe various spinal cord pathologies presenting as bright signal on T2 weighted images. 2. Familiarize with the unique features of different spinal cord diseases. 3. Propose an algorithmic approach for the differential diagnosis of spinal...
title: Initial experience with a new temporary device for embolisation of wide-neck cerebral aneurysms: our first two cases
Creators: name: Varrassi, Marco
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Aneurysms
subject: Embolisation
subject: Catheter arteriography
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: Interventional vascular

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: The aim of our study was to evaluate the efficacy of an innovative temporary device called Comaneci in the treatment of wide-neck cerebral aneurysms with remodeling technique. A wide-neck aneurysm is defined as an aneurysm with a neck larger than 4...
Modulation of ion-acoustic waves in a nonextensive plasma with two-temperature electrons
Creators: name: Shalini
name: Saini, N. S.
name: Misra, A. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the amplitude modulation of ion-acoustic wave (IAW) packets in an unmagnetized electron-ion plasma with two-temperature (cool and hot) electrons in the context of the Tsallis' nonextensive statistics. Using the multiple-scale technique, a nonlinear Schr{ö}dinger (NLS) equation is derived which governs the dynamics of modulated wave packets. It is shown that in nonextensive plasmas, the IAW envelope is always stable for long-wavelength modes $(k\rightarrow0)$ and unstable for short-wavelengths with $k \gtrsim1$. However, the envelope can be unstable at an intermediate scale of perturbations with $0
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
Resolving Adeno-Associated Viral Particle Diversity With Charge Detection Mass Spectrometry
Creators: name: Jarrold, Martin F.
name: Pierson, Elizabeth E.
name: Keifer, David. Z.
name: Asokan, Aravind
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Recombinant adeno-associated viruses (AAVs) are promising vectors for human gene therapy. However, current methods for evaluating AAV particle populations and vector purity are inefficient and low resolution. Here, we show that charge detection mass spectrometry (CDMS) can resolve capsids that contain the entire vector genome from those that contain partial genomes and from empty capsids. Measurements were performed for both single-stranded and self-complementary genomes. The self-complementary AAV vector preparation appears to contain particles with partially truncated genomes averaging at half the genome length. Comparison to results from electron microscopy with manual particle counting shows that CDMS has no significant mass discrimination in the relevant mass range (after a correction for the ion velocity is taken into account). Empty AAV capsids are intrinsically heterogeneous, and capsids from different sources have slightly different masses. However, the average masses of both the empty and full c...
title: CT perfusion of head and neck tumors.
Creators: name: Lamot, Urška
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: CT
subject: Head and neck
subject: Cancer

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: The purpose of this poster is: to describe the protocol used for CT perfusion (CTP) of head and neck tumors (HNT) to learn the clinical applications for CTP in imaging of HNT to present limitations and advantages of CTP in comparison to other...
Titanium $α- ω$ phase transformation pathway and a predicted metastable structure
Creators: name: Zarkevich, N. A.
name: Johnson, D. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As titanium is a highly utilized metal for structural light-weighting, its phases, transformation pathways (transition states), and structures have scientific and industrial importance. Impurities, pressure, and temperature control the phase stability and transition barriers in most industrial and geophysical materials - in Ti, interstitial O, N, or C retard while substitutional Al and V suppress the $ω$ phase. Using a proper solid-state nudged elastic band (SS-NEB) method employing double-climbing images (C2-NEB) combined with density-function theory (DFT+U) methods for accurate energetics, we detail the pressure-induced $α$ (ductile) to $ω$ (brittle) transformation at the coexistence pressure. We find two transition states along the minimal-enthalpy path (MEP) and discover a metastable body-centered orthorhombic (bco) structure, with stable phonons, a lower density than the endpoint phases, and decreasing stability with increasing pressure.
description: 5 pages, 7 figures
พฤติกรรมการใช้พื้นที่สาธารณะของกลุ่มคนรุ่นใหม่ กรณีศึกษา "เมืองขอนแก่น"
Creators: name: นันทนัช แจ่มสุวรรณ
Publisher: name: คณะสถาปัตยกรรมศาสตร์
Year: 2023
Subjects: พื้นที่สาธารณะ
พฤติกรรม
กลุ่มคนรุ่นใหม่

description: วารสาร สิ่งแวดล้อมสรรค์สร้างวินิจฉัย (Built Environment Inquiry BEI), 22, 1, 73-92
การให้ค่าน้ำหนักตัวชี้วัดการพัฒนาเมืองเดินได้โดยประยุกต์ใช้กระบวนการวิเคราะห์ตามลำดับชั้น (Analytical Hierarchy Process : AHP)
Creators: name: ศุภการย์ พอสอน
Publisher: name: คณะสถาปัตยกรรมศาสตร์
Year: 2023
Subjects: กระบวนการวิเคราะห์ตามลำดับชั้น
ตัวชี้วัดความเป็นเมืองเดินได้ของเมืองขอนแก่น

description: วารสาร สิ่งแวดล้อมสรรค์สร้างวินิจฉัย (Built Environment Inquiry BEI), 22, 1, 93-109
Attractors for Strongly Damped Wave Equations with Nonlinear Hyperbolic Dynamic Boundary Conditions
Creators: name: Graber, P. Jameson
name: Shomberg, Joseph L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We establish the well-posedness of a strongly damped semilinear wave equation equipped with nonlinear hyperbolic dynamic boundary conditions. Results are carried out with the presence of a parameter distinguishing whether the underlying operator is analytic, $α>0$, or only of Gevrey class, $α=0$. We establish the existence of a global attractor for each $α\in[0,1],$ and we show that the family of global attractors is upper-semicontinuous as $α\rightarrow0.$ Furthermore, for each $α\in[0,1]$, we show the existence of a weak exponential attractor. A weak exponential attractor is a finite dimensional compact set in the weak topology of the phase space. This result insures the corresponding global attractor also possess finite fractal dimension in the weak topology; moreover, the dimension is independent of the perturbation parameter $α$. In both settings, attractors are found under minimal assumptions on the nonlinear terms.
A role for histone acetylation mechanisms in adolescent alcohol exposure-induced deficits in hippocampal brain-derived neurotrophic factor expression and neurogenesis markers in adulthood
Creators: name: Sakharkar, Amul J.
name: Zhang, Huaibo
name: Vetreno, Ryan P.
name: Pandey, Subhash C.
name: Crews, Fulton T.
name: Kokare, Dadasaheb M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Binge drinking during adolescence is a risk factor for neuropsychiatric disorders that can develop later in life. Histone acetylation is an important epigenetic mechanism that contributes to neurodevelopment. We investigated the effects of adolescent intermittent ethanol (AIE) exposure, as opposed to normal saline (AIS) exposure, on histone acetylation-mediated regulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression and developmental stages of neurogenesis (proliferating and immature neurons) in the hippocampus in adulthood. AIE exposure increased whole hippocampal histone deacetylase (HDAC) activity and decreased binding protein of cyclic adenosine monophosphate response element binding protein (CBP) and histone H3-K9 acetylation levels in the CA1, CA2, and CA3 regions of the hippocampus. BDNF protein and exon IV mRNA levels in the CA1 and CA3 regions of the hippocampus of AIE exposed adult rats were decreased as compared to AIS exposed adult rats. AIE induced anxiety-like behaviors and deficits in histone H3 acetylation at BDNF exon IV promoter in the hippocampus during adulthood, which were reversed by treatment with the HDAC inhibitor, trichostatin A (TSA). Similarly, neurogenesis was inhibited by AIE in adulthood as demonstrated by the decrease in Ki-67 and doublecortin (DCX)-positive cells in the dentate gyrus, which was normalized by TSA treatment. These results indicate that AIE exposure increases HDACs and decreases CBP levels that may be associated with a decrease in histone H3 acetylation in the hippocampus. These epigenetic changes potentially decrease BDNF expression and inhibit neurogenesis in the hippocampus that may be involved in AIE-induced behavioral abnormalities, including anxiety, in adulthood.
title: DTI scalars in assessment of early response of glioblastoma multiforme tissue to radiotherapy treatment
Creators: name: Lucic, Milos A.
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: CNS
subject: Oncology
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: Radiation therapy / Oncology
subject: Experimental investigations
subject: Cancer
subject: Tissue characterisation

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Though magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) represents an imaging tool that is widely used for brain tumours diagnosis and characterization (1, 2), an additional advance emerged during the last decade by introduction of diffusion tensor imaging...
Symmetry and dynamics universality of supermetal in quantum chaos
Creators: name: Fang, Ping
name: Tian, Chushun
name: Wang, Jiao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Chaotic systems exhibit rich quantum dynamical behaviors ranging from dynamical localization to normal diffusion to ballistic motion. Dynamical localization and normal diffusion simulate electron motion in an impure crystal with a vanishing and finite conductivity, i.e., an "Anderson insulator" and a "metal", respectively. Ballistic motion simulates a perfect crystal with diverging conductivity, i.e., a "supermetal". We analytically find and numerically confirm that, for a large class of chaotic systems, the metal-supermetal dynamics crossover occurs and is universal, determined only by the system's symmetry. Furthermore, we show that the universality of this dynamics crossover is identical to that of eigenfunction and spectral fluctuations described by the random matrix theory.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures
Ultralong-Range Rb-KRb Rydberg Molecules: Selected Aspects of Electronic Structure, Orientation and Alignment
Creators: name: Aguilera-Fernández, Javier
name: Sadeghpour, H. R.
name: Schmelcher, Peter
name: González-Férez, Rosario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the structure and features of an ultralong-range triatomic Rydberg molecule formed by a Rb Rydberg atom and a KRb diatomic molecule. In our numerical description, we perform a realistic treatment of the internal rotational motion of the diatomic molecule, and take into account the Rb($n, l\ge 3$) Rydberg degenerate manifold and the energetically closest neighboring levels with principal quantum numbers $n'>n$ and orbital quantum number $l\le2$. We focus here on the adiabatic electronic potentials evolving from the Rb($n, l\ge 3$) and Rb($n=26, l=2$) manifolds. The directional properties of the KRb diatomic molecule within the Rb-KRb triatomic Rydberg molecule are also analyzed in detail.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
Mind the Human Value Gap: UX-Driven Platform Cooperative to Take the Big Leap for Mankind
Creators: name: Speijer, Gabrielle
name: Walgemoed, Peter
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Generative Ai Tools
Data
Health
Commons
Pharmaceuticals Industry

description: Health clients and clinicians need to take the lead in the digital space as it starts with human values and needs. It’s crucial that clinicians stand for their professional value and all stakeholders contributing to health should follow the same value: the Hippocratic Oath[1]. This is fundamental for the clinician-health client relationship: it rests on honesty [2] to deliver as best their training and judgement will allow them[3]. To keep this openness, the basis of trust and confidentiality must always be maintained in both physical and digital space.

[1] Gabriëlle Speijer, Peter Walgemoed. Towards a sustainable health ecosystem based on the deepest professional values. CPI September 2022. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/377486207_Toward_a_sustainable_health_ecosystem_fixed_on_the_deepest_professional_values

[2] Steven H. Miles. The art of medicine. Hippocrates and informed consent. The Lancet Vol 374. October 17, 2009. https://www.thelancet.com/action/showPdf?pii=S0140-6736%2809%2961812-2

[3] Patrick Guinan. Medical Oaths as a Universal Ethic. Ethics & Medicine. Volume 37, Issue 3, Pages 3–4, March 2012. https://doi.org/10.5840/em20123735
title: Fat tissue: The Good Guy of the breast but there are always exceptions
Creators: name: LERMA GALLARDO, JOSÉ LUIS
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Education and training
subject: Education
subject: Ultrasound
subject: MR
subject: Mammography
subject: Breast

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: The purpose of our educational exhibit is to review the differential diagnosis of the most common fat-containing breast lesions and its radiologic appearance and...
Cortical thickness and surface area in neonates at high risk for schizophrenia
Creators: name: Peng, Ziwen
name: Lin, Weili
name: Wang, Li
name: Ahn, Mihye
name: Zhu, Hongtu
name: Shi, Feng
name: Lyall, Amanda E.
name: Li, Gang
name: Shen, Dinggang
name: Gilmore, John H.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Schizophrenia is a neurodevelopmental disorder associated with subtle abnormal cortical thickness and cortical surface area. However, it is unclear whether these abnormalities exist in neonates associated with genetic risk for schizophrenia. To this end, this preliminary study was conducted to identify possible abnormalities of cortical thickness and surface area in the high-genetic-risk neonates. Structural magnetic resonance images were acquired from offspring of mothers (N = 21) who had schizophrenia (N = 12) or schizoaffective disorder (N = 9), and also matched healthy neonates of mothers who were free of psychiatric illness (N = 26). Neonatal cortical surfaces were reconstructed and parcellated as regions of interest (ROIs), and cortical thickness for each vertex was computed as the shortest distance between the inner and outer surfaces. Comparisons were made for the average cortical thickness and total surface area in each of 68 cortical ROIs. After false discovery rate (FDR) correction, it was found that the female high-genetic-risk neonates had significantly thinner cortical thickness in the right lateral occipital cortex than the female control neonates. Before FDR correction, the high-genetic-risk neonates had significantly thinner cortex in the left transverse temporal gyrus, left banks of superior temporal sulcus, left lingual gyrus, right paracentral cortex, right posterior cingulate cortex, right temporal pole, and right lateral occipital cortex, compared with the control neonates. Before FDR correction, in comparison with control neonates, male high-risk neonates had significantly thicker cortex in the left frontal pole, left cuneus cortex, and left lateral occipital cortex; while female high-risk neonates had significantly thinner cortex in the bilateral paracentral, bilateral lateral occipital, left transverse temporal, left pars opercularis, right cuneus, and right posterior cingulate cortices. The high-risk neonates also had significantly smaller cortical surface area in the right pars triangularis (before FDR correction), compared with control neonates. This preliminary study provides the first evidence that early development of cortical thickness and surface area might be abnormal in the neonates at genetic risk for schizophrenia.
title: Overview of physiological post-mortem alterations in total-body imaging of 100 in-hospital deceased patients
Creators: name: Wagensveld, Ivo
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Pathology
subject: Forensics
subject: Education and training
subject: Education
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: MR
subject: CT
subject: Forensic / Necropsy studies

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: The conventional autopsy serves many purposes in clinical medicine: it is an important quality control tool, it is used for education and research purposes and it gives accurate mortality statistics. (1)Despite the improvement of diagnostic tools...
Management strategies for bowel dysfunction for people after sphincter-preserving rectal cancer surgery: a scoping review protocol
Creators: name: Burch, Jennie
name: Norton, Christine
name: Taylor, Claire
name: Wilson, Ana
name: Swatton, Anna
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences

description: A scoping review to chart the management strategies for people with bowel dysfunction after sphincter-preserving surgery for rectal cancer
title: Cerebral amyloid angiopathy
Creators: name: Vella, Christine
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: CNS
subject: MR
subject: Education
subject: Haemorrhage

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: The purpose of our educational exhibit is to: demonstrate the typical radiological findings in cerebral amyloid angiopathy and its...
SEMI-QUANTITATIVE HPLC-ANALYSIS OF BANNED ORGANIC PIGMENTS IN TATTOO INKS
Creators: name: Hauri, Urs
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Introduction: The REACH regulation sets legal limits for banned pigments. These are 0.1 % for certain azo pigments and 0.00005 % for hitherto popular cosmetic pigments such as C.I. 51319, C.I. 73900 or C.I. 73915. Therefore, quantitative methods are required for market controls. Methods: Pigments are analysed with two different HPLC methods in which one is a ‘standard’ RP HPLC method and the second uses an eluent composition with N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP), acetonitrile and water at 80°C. Inks are screened by a consecutive extraction with three different solvents Dimethylformamide (DMF, Chloronaphthalene and NMP). If banned pigments are detected, a quantitative determination by a second HPLC method follows after extracting the pigment with specific solvents. Mono-azo-pigments like C.I. 11710, 12315, C.I. 12477 or C.I. 11741 are extracted with DMF and quinacridones with NMP. Diazo pigments, C.I. 51319 and C.I. 74160 are extracted with chloronaphthalene. C.I. 74260 is determined by colorimetry after extraction with sulphuric acid.Results: For several pigments, a comparison with colorimetry showed good agreement. LOQ was in the range of 0.0005% to 0.005% for most pigments. A major obstacle remains the lack of quantitative references for the majority of pigments. Of 27 coloured tattoo inks, which were self-declared as ‘REACH-compliant’, at least 40% contained banned pigments above the legal limits. Seven inks contained C.I. 11710, C.I. 21108, C.I. 51319 or C.I. 73915 as the main pigments, which was correctly disclosed on the ingredient list in three cases. Undisclosed C.I. 74160 and C.I. 74260 were detected in two inks. Traces of C.I 73900 and C.I. 73915 were often found, particularly in inks containing C.I. 73907 and Pigment Violet 55.Conclusion: Determination of banned pigments is feasible with the presented HPLC methods but the limit of 0.00005% is not met. Compared with studies before the implementation of REACH, fewer brands contained undisclosed banned pigments. It is strange that one company openly disclosed banned pigments and still called the products ‘REACHcompliant
The relationship between inequality and moral expansiveness in a multi-national dataset
Creators: name: Kirkland, Kelly
name: Jetten, Jolanda
name: Bastian, Brock
name: Crimston, Charlie
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Other Psychiatry and Psychology
subject: Psychiatry and Psychology
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences

description: The current study will explore the relationship between inequality and moral expansiveness in a multi-national dataset. All details (methods, hypotheses and results) are seen in the Wiki.
Deep sparse multi-task learning for feature selection in Alzheimer’s disease diagnosis
Creators: name: Shen, Dinggang
name: Suk, Heung-Il
name: Lee, Seong-Whan
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Recently, neuroimaging-based Alzheimer’s disease (AD) or mild cognitive impairment (MCI) diagnosis has attracted researchers in the field, due to the increasing prevalence of the diseases. Unfortunately, the unfavorable high-dimensional nature of neuroimaging data, but a limited small number of samples available, makes it challenging to build a robust computer-aided diagnosis system. Machine learning techniques have been considered as a useful tool in this respect and, among various methods, sparse regression has shown its validity in the literature. However, to our best knowledge, the existing sparse regression methods mostly try to select features based on the optimal regression coefficients in one step. We argue that since the training feature vectors are composed of both informative and uninformative or less informative features, the resulting optimal regression coefficients are inevidently affected by the uninformative or less informative features. To this end, we first propose a novel deep architecture to recursively discard uninformative features by performing sparse multi-task learning in a hierarchical fashion. We further hypothesize that the optimal regression coefficients reflect the relative importance of features in representing the target response variables. In this regard, we use the optimal regression co-efficients learned in one hierarchy as feature weighting factors in the following hierarchy, and formulate a weighted sparse multi-task learning method. Lastly, we also take into account the distributional characteristics of samples per class and use clustering-induced subclass label vectors as target response values in our sparse regression model. In our experiments on the ADNI cohort, we performed both binary and multi-class classification tasks in AD/MCI diagnosis and showed the superiority of the proposed method by comparing with the state-of-the-art methods.
Service User Involvement in a Secure Setting
Creators: name: Senneseth, Mette
name: Alsaker, Kjersti
name: Hauso, Grethe
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Psychiatry and Psychology
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: The aim of this study is to measure change in service user involvement (SUI) in secure mental health units, before and after the implementation of recovery-oriented practice. The study is a longitudinal quasi-experimental study, with a non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest design. Two high/medium secure units that implemented recovery-oriented practice are compared with two medium secure units that did not. Study populations are all the inpatients and frontline staff in the study units.
Neutrino-axion-dilaton interconnection
Creators: name: Bertolini, Stefano
name: Di Luzio, Luca
name: Kolešová, Helena
name: Malinský, Michal
name: Vasquez, Juan Carlos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that a recently proposed framework that provides a simple connection between Majorana neutrinos and an invisible axion in minimal scalar extensions of the standard electroweak model can be naturally embedded in a classically scale-invariant setup. The explicit breaking of the scale invariance à la Coleman-Weinberg generates the Peccei-Quinn and electroweak scales. The spontaneous breaking of the chiral $U(1)_{PQ}$ triggers the generation of neutrino masses via Type-II seesaw and, at the same time, provides a dynamical solution to the strong CP problem as well as the axion as a dark matter candidate. The electroweak and neutrino mass scales are obtained via a technically natural ultraweak limit of the singlet scalar interactions. Accordingly, a realistic and perturbatively stable scalar spectrum, possibly in the reach of the LHC, is naturally obtained. A very light pseudodilaton characterizes such a setting. The vacuum stability of the extended setup is discussed.
description: 20 pages, 8 figures. To appear in Phys. Rev. D
Graph-guided joint prediction of class label and clinical scores for the Alzheimer’s disease
Creators: name: Shen, Dinggang
name: Yu, Guan
name: Liu, Yufeng
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Accurate diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease and its prodromal stage, i.e., mild cognitive impairment, is very important for early treatment. Over the last decade, various machine learning methods have been proposed to predict disease status and clinical scores from brain images. It is worth noting that many features extracted from brain images are correlated significantly. In this case, feature selection combined with the additional correlation information among features can effectively improve classification/regression performance. Typically, the correlation information among features can be modeled by the connectivity of an undirected graph, where each node represents one feature and each edge indicates that the two involved features are correlated significantly. In this paper, we propose a new graph-guided multi-task learning method incorporating this undirected graph information to predict multiple response variables (i.e., class label and clinical scores) jointly. Specifically, based on the sparse undirected feature graph, we utilize a new latent group Lasso penalty to encourage the correlated features to be selected together. Furthermore, this new penalty also encourages the intrinsic correlated tasks to share a common feature subset. To validate our method, we have performed many numerical studies using simulated datasets and the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative dataset. Compared with the other methods, our proposed method has very promising performance.
Identification of progressive mild cognitive impairment patients using incomplete longitudinal MRI scans
Creators: name: Shen, Dinggang
name: Wee, Chong-Yaw
name: Thung, Kim-Han
name: Yap, Pew-Thian
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Distinguishing progressive mild cognitive impairment (pMCI) from stable mild cognitive impairment (sMCI) is critical for identification of patients who are at-risk for Alzheimer’s disease (AD), so that early treatment can be administered. In this paper, we propose a pMCI/sMCI classification framework that harnesses information available in longitudinal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data, which could be incomplete, to improve diagnostic accuracy. Volumetric features were first extracted from the baseline MRI scan and subsequent scans acquired after 6, 12, and 18 months. Dynamic features were then obtained by using the 18th-month scan as the reference and computing the ratios of feature differences for the earlier scans. Features that are linearly or non-linearly correlated with diagnostic labels are then selected using two elastic net sparse learning algorithms. Missing feature values due to the incomplete longitudinal data are imputed using a low-rank matrix completion method. Finally, based on the completed feature matrix, we build a multi-kernel support vector machine (mkSVM) to predict the diagnostic label of samples with unknown diagnostic statuses. Our evaluation indicates that a diagnosis accuracy as high as 78.2% can be achieved when information from the longitudinal scans is used – 6.6% higher than the case using only the reference time point image. In other words, information provided by the longitudinal history of the disease improves diagnosis accuracy.
title: Comparative analysis of multi-parametric positron emission tomography, diffusion weighted imaging and diffusion tensor imaging values in lung adenocarcinoma patients
Creators: name: Lucic, Silvija
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Tissue characterisation
subject: Cancer
subject: Experimental investigations
subject: PET-CT
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: Oncology
subject: Lung

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Due to the numerous and outstanding technological advances in the field of imaging, a broad spectrum of imaging techniques is currently available for clinical in-vivo visualization of cancer internal architectonic and biological features (1). While...
School track and ethnic classroom composition relate to the mainstream identity of adolescents with immigrant background in Germany, but not their ethnic identity
Creators: name: Edele, Aileen
name: Jansen, Malte
name: Schachner, Maja
name: Schotte, Kristin
name: Rjosk, Camilla
name: Radmann, Susanne
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Classroom composition
subject: Ethnic identity
subject: Ethnic diversity
subject: Mainstream identity
subject: School context
subject: 150 Psychologie

description: Although developing a cultural identity is a core task for adolescents from immigrant families and the school is a highly important context in adolescence, to date, few studies have examined whether adolescents with particular cultural identities cluster in certain school contexts. Using data from a representative German sample including 7702 secondary school students of immigrant background from 1643 classrooms, we examined how the attended school track and four aspects of ethnic classroom composition relate to adolescents' cultural identity (i.e., their ethnic identity and mainstream identity). Two‐level structural equation models indicated that students' ethnic identity was not systematically associated with the attended school track and the ethnic composition of the classroom. However, attending the academic school track, a classroom with a low proportion of classmates with immigrant background and frequently using German with classmates related positively to mainstream identity. Ethnic diversity and proportion of co‐ethnics in class did not relate to mainstream identification. Our findings suggest that the ethnic identity of adolescents with an immigrant background in Germany is largely independent from the different socialisation contexts related to school tracks and the ethnic classroom composition. Yet, students' with a strong mainstream identity cluster in certain school contexts.
title: Duodenal Pathologies: An Overview of Benign and Malignant Lesions on Computed Tomography
Creators: name: Kakkar, Chandan
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Pathology
subject: Neoplasia
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: CT
subject: Gastrointestinal tract
subject: Abdomen

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: Discuss the role of computed tomography in the diagnosis and management of various duodenal pathologies. To Illustrate the imaging patterns of various benign and malignant lesions of the duodenum To develop an imaging approach to the duodenal...
A Smartphone-based Decision Support Tool Improves Test Performance Concerning Application of the Guidelines for Managing Regional Anesthesia in the Patient Receiving Antithrombotic or Thrombolytic Therapy
Creators: name: Dilorenzo, Amy N.
name: Shotwell, Matthew S.
name: Nunnally, Mark E.
name: Gupta, Rajnish K.
name: Hand, William R.
name: Ehrenfeld, Jesse M.
name: McEvoy, Matthew D.
name: Shi, Yaping
name: Stiegler, Marjorie P.
name: Schell, Randall M.
name: Manning, Erin L.
name: Corey, John M.
name: Lekowski, Robert
name: Moran, Kenneth R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: BACKGROUND: The American Society of Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine (ASRA) consensus statement on regional anesthesia in the patient receiving antithrombotic or thrombolytic therapy is the standard for evaluation and management of these patients. The authors hypothesized that an electronic decision support tool (eDST) would improve test performance compared with native physician behavior concerning the application of this guideline.

METHODS: Anesthesiology trainees and faculty at 8 institutions participated in a prospective, randomized trial in which they completed a 20-question test involving clinical scenarios related to the ASRA guidelines. The eDST group completed the test using an iOS app programmed to contain decision logic and content of the ASRA guidelines. The control group completed the test by using any resource in addition to the app. A generalized linear mixed-effects model was used to examine the effect of the intervention.

RESULTS: After obtaining institutional review board's approval and informed consent, 259 participants were enrolled and randomized (eDST = 122; control = 137). The mean score was 92.4 ± 6.6% in the eDST group and 68.0 ± 15.8% in the control group (P < 0.001). eDST use increased the odds of selecting correct answers (7.8; 95% CI, 5.7 to 10.7). Most control group participants (63%) used some cognitive aid during the test, and they scored higher than those who tested from memory alone (76 ± 15% vs. 57 ± 18%, P < 0.001). There was no difference in time to completion of the test (P = 0.15) and no effect of training level (P = 0.56).

CONCLUSIONS: eDST use improved application of the ASRA guidelines compared with the native clinician behavior in a testing environment.
Characterizing the Structure of Topological Insulator Thin Films
Creators: name: Richardella, Anthony
name: Kandala, Abhinav
name: Lee, Joon Sue
name: Samarth, Nitin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe the characterization of structural defects that occur during molecular beam epitaxy of topological insulator thin films on commonly used substrates. Twinned domains are ubiquitous but can be reduced by growth on smooth InP (111)A substrates, depending on details of the oxide desorption. Even with a low density of twins, the lattice mismatch between (Bi,Sb)2Te3 and InP can cause tilts in the film with respect to the substrate. We also briefly discuss transport in simultaneously top and back electrically gated devices using SrTiO3 and the use of capping layers to protect topological insulator films from oxidation and exposure.
Supplementary document for Active dual quasi-BICs in dielectric metasurface with VO2 for slow light and optical modulation - 7116236.pdf
Creators: name: Zhong, Ying
name: Guo, Tian
name: Wang, Qianqian
name: Du, Wei
name: Tang, Chaojun
name: Yan, Zhendong
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2024
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supplemental Document
Do People Know What They’re Like in the Moment?
Creators: name: Sun, Jessie
name: Vazire, Simine
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: experience sampling method
subject: naturalistic observation
subject: personality states
subject: self-knowledge
subject: social behavior

description: Knowing yourself requires knowing not just what you are like in general (trait self-knowledge), but also how your personality fluctuates from moment to moment (state self-knowledge). We examined this latter form of self-knowledge. Participants (248 people; 2,938 observations) wore the Electronically Activated Recorder (EAR), an unobtrusive audio recorder, and completed experience sampling (ESM) self-reports of their personality states four times each day for one week. We estimated state self-knowledge by comparing self-reported personality states to consensual observer ratings of personality states coded from the EAR files, which formed the criterion for what participants were “actually” like in the moment. People had self-insight into their momentary extraversion, conscientiousness, and likely neuroticism, suggesting that people can accurately detect fluctuations in some aspects of their personality. However, the evidence for self-insight was weaker for agreeableness. This apparent self-ignorance may be partly responsible for interpersonal problems and for blind spots in trait self-knowledge.
How should New Zealand implement the "Eye Health Check" for older adults to maximise the potential to reduce vision impairment? Protocol for a Rapid Review
Creators: name: Goodman, Lucy
name: Black, Joanna
name: Tousignant, Benoit
name: Keay, Lisa
name: Misra, Stuti
name: Woodburn, Sophie
name: Harwood, Matire
name: Gordon, Iris
name: Evans, Jennifer
name: Ramke, Jacqueline
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optometry
subject: Public Health
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences

description: The aim of this rapid review is to draw on evidence from other countries to inform New Zealand’s eye care policies for older adults. Specifically, this review will address the following two questions: 1) What government-led community or primary eye care services for older adults are offered in New Zealand and similar countries, and how are they structured within the health system? 2) What is the evidence that eye care services within the selected countries i) reduce vision impairment and/or ii) provide universal health coverage of eye health for older adults (i.e. in terms of access, quality, financial protection, and equity for the leading causes of vision loss)?
Persistent Catechol-O-methyltransferase–dependent Pain Is Initiated by Peripheral β-Adrenergic Receptors
Creators: name: O'Buckley, Sandra C.
name: Nackley, Andrea G.
name: Ciszek, Brittney P.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Adrenalectomized rats or intact rats receiving peripheral administration of β-adrenergic receptor antagonists do not develop pain following sustained COMT inhibition, suggesting a peripheral adrenergic site of action for COMT-dependent pain.
Linear gyrokinetic particle-in-cell simulations of Alfven instabilities in tokamaks
Creators: name: Biancalani, A.
name: Bottino, A.
name: Briguglio, S.
name: Koenies, A.
name: Lauber, Ph.
name: Mishchenko, A.
name: Poli, E.
name: Scott, B. D.
name: Zonca, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The linear dynamics of Alfven modes in tokamaks is investigated here by means of the global gyrokinetic particle-in-cell code NEMORB. The model equations are shown and the local shear Alfven wave dispersion relation is derived, recovering the continuous spectrum in the incompressible ideal MHD limit. A verification and benchmark analysis is performed for continuum modes in a cylinder and for toroidicity-induced Alfven Eigenmodes. Modes in a reversed-shear equilibrium are also investigated, and the dependence of the spatial structure in the poloidal plane on the equilibrium parameters is described. In particular, a phase-shift in the poloidal angle is found to be present for modes whose frequency touches the continuum, whereas a radial symmetry is found to be characteristic of modes in the continuum gap.
description: Submitted to "Physics of Plasmas"
Multiscale Monte Carlo equilibration: Pure Yang-Mills theory
Creators: name: Endres, Michael G.
name: Brower, Richard C.
name: Detmold, William
name: Orginos, Kostas
name: Pochinsky, Andrew V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a multiscale thermalization algorithm for lattice gauge theory, which enables efficient parallel generation of uncorrelated gauge field configurations. The algorithm combines standard Monte Carlo techniques with ideas drawn from real space renormalization group and multigrid methods. We demonstrate the viability of the algorithm for pure Yang-Mills gauge theory for both heat bath and hybrid Monte Carlo evolution, and show that it ameliorates the problem of topological freezing up to controllable lattice spacing artifacts.
description: 29 pages, 19 figures; Eq. 7 - Eq. 9 modified (results unchanged); text added to Sec IV F; typos fixed; matches published version
title: Metastatic vs. non-metastatic axillary lymph nodes: helpful differential clues.
Creators: name: Argueta Ruiz, Rocío
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Metastases
subject: Biopsy
subject: Ultrasound
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: Mammography
subject: Breast

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To describe the imaging findings of metastatic and nonmetastaticaxillary lymph nodes. Review of the main alterations of axillary lymph nodes, like the metastasis of breast carcinoma and hyperplastic and inflammatory...
Brachial Arterial Pressure Monitoring during Cardiac Surgery Rarely Causes Complications
Creators: name: Singh, Asha
name: Wakefeld, Brett J.
name: Bahadorani, Bobby
name: Sessler, Daniel I.
name: Duncan, Andra E.
name: Makarova, Natalya
name: Tong, Michael Zhen-Yu
name: Kumar, Priya A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: BACKGROUND: Brachial arterial catheters better estimate aortic pressure than radial arterial catheters but are used infrequently because complications in a major artery without collateral flow are potentially serious. However, the extent to which brachial artery cannulation promotes complications remains unknown. The authors thus evaluated a large cohort of cardiac surgical patients to estimate the incidence of related serious complications.

METHODS: The institutional Society of Thoracic Surgeons Adult Cardiac Surgery Database and Perioperative Health Documentation System Registry of the Cleveland Clinic were used to identify patients who had brachial artery cannulation between 2007 and 2015. Complications within 6 months after surgery were identified by International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision diagnostic and procedural codes, Current Procedural Terminology procedure codes, and Society of Thoracic Surgeons variables. The authors reviewed electronic medical records to confirm that putative complications were related plausibly to brachial arterial catheterization. Complications were categorized as (1) vascular, (2) peripheral nerve injury, or (3) infection. The authors evaluated associations between brachial arterial complications and patient comorbidities and between complications and in-hospital mortality and duration of hospitalization.

RESULTS: Among 21,597 qualifying patients, 777 had vascular or nerve injuries or local infections, but only 41 (incidence 0.19% [95% CI, 0.14 to 0.26%]) were potentially consequent to brachial arterial cannulation. Vascular complications occurred in 33 patients (0.15% [0.10 to 0.23%]). Definitely or possibly related infection occurred in 8 (0.04% [0.02 to 0.08%]) patients. There were no plausibly related neurologic complications. Peripheral arterial disease was associated with increased risk of complications. Brachial catheter complications were associated with prolonged hospitalization and in-hospital mortality.

CONCLUSIONS: Brachial artery cannulation for hemodynamic monitoring during cardiac surgery rarely causes complications.