cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Heynea multijuga Blume, Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind.
Creators: name: Holzmeyer, Laura
name: Hauenschild, Frank
name: Mabberley, David J.
name: Muellner-Riehl, Alexandra N.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Sapindales
Meliaceae
Heynea
Heynea multijuga

description: Heynea multijuga Blume, Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind.: 168. 1825
= Dysoxylum cyrtobotryum Miq., Fl. Ned. Ind., Eerste Bijv.: 196, 504. 1861.
Dysoxylum in its new form is essentially Dysoxylum sect. Cyrtochiton, as circumscribed by Mabberley (1995b), and is represented in the phylogenetic tree by clade 6 (Fig. 1B). Didymocheton, Epicharis, Goniocheton, Prasoxylon, and Pseudocarapa are represented by clade 1 (Fig. 1B), clades 4 & 5 (Fig. 1B), clade 8 (Fig. 1B), clade 11 (Fig. 1A) and clade 7 (Fig. 1B), respectively.
This generic resolution is a necessary precursor to detailed monographic work on the genera here recognized. Names are very urgently needed (cf. Heads, 2019) in the countries where these important trees are native and often some of the most frequently encountered and collected. Therefore, a conspectus based on published floristic accounts, which have full descriptions, synonymy and typifications, is presented here. Of the 94 accepted species, those investigated in each recognized genus in this molecular study are listed first, followed by those species that were not. In the interests of conciseness and avoidance of repetition, the descriptions and isotypes and most synonyms of the accepted species are excluded, unless they have not been fully addressed in the recent floristic literature also cited here, so as to allow ready access to the germane literature until definitive monographs are written. Names long-excluded from Dysoxylum s.l. are omitted altogether, as they are also accounted for in that literature.
description: Published as part of Holzmeyer, Laura, Hauenschild, Frank, Mabberley, David J. & Muellner-Riehl, Alexandra N., 2021, Confirmed polyphyly, generic recircumscription and typification of Dysoxylum (Meliaceae), with revised disposition of currently accepted species, pp. 1248-1272 in TAXON 70 (6) on page 1258, DOI: 10.1002/tax.12591, http://zenodo.org/record/14047415
Premontreia (Oxyscyllium) Noubhani & Cappetta 1997
Creators: name: Ebersole, Jun A.
name: Cicimurri, David J.
name: Stringer, Gary L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Elasmobranchii
Carcharhiniformes
Scyliorhinidae
Premontreia

description: Subgenus Oxyscyllium Noubhani & Cappetta, 1997
Type species
Premontreia (Premontreia) degremonti Cappetta, 1992, Ypresian, France.
description: Published as part of Ebersole, Jun A., Cicimurri, David J. & Stringer, Gary L., 2019, Taxonomy and biostratigraphy of the elasmobranchs and bony fishes (Chondrichthyes and Osteichthyes) of the lower-to-middle Eocene (Ypresian to Bartonian) Claiborne Group in Alabama, USA, including an analysis of otoliths, pp. 1-274 in European Journal of Taxonomy 585 on page 58, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2019.585, http://zenodo.org/record/3660259
Determining Risk of Transfer of Hookah Tobacco Thirdhand Smoke
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: Hookah lounges have been on the rise in the United States, particularly in close proximity to colleges, likely targeting students. The increase in popularity of attending hookah lounges is possibly due to the belief that hookah tobacco smoking is safer than cigarettes, hookah smoking takes place in group settings, and lack of public health interventions to educate the youth about the harmful effects of hookah use. Patrons of hookah lounges are exposed to indoor air quality levels considered hazardous to human health. Hookah lounges are exempt from some clean indoor air legislation. Regulating hookah lounges are imperative to reduce morbidity and mortality related to smoking tobacco in hookahs, and to reduce exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS) and thirdhand smoke (THS). THS was found to be genotoxic in human cell lines. Skin and clothes pose as vehicles to transfer THS toxicants to home environments. This is the first study to focus on investigating the risk of transfer of THS from social events in hookah lounges to indoor home environments where children and nonsmokers may reside. We will recruit 40 exclusive hookah tobacco smokers, their 25 non-smoker friends who socialize with them, and 25 non-smokers not exposed to any tobacco products. Participants will be young adult women of childbearing age (21-35 years). Hookah smokers and non-smokers will attend an exclusive hookah tobacco smoking social event in a hookah lounge. Hookah smokers will smoke hookah tobacco as they normally do. Participants will complete a tobacco use questionnaire, provide 2 breath carbon monoxide measurements and 2 urine samples before and after the hookah lounge visit; 1 wrist band and 1 clothing sample worn during the hookah smoking social event; and 1 pillow case used during the night following the hookah smoking social event. All fabric samples and 10% of their corresponding blanks will be analyzed for nicotine, and powerful tobacco-specific carcinogens. Cotinine, the metabolite of the addictive drug nicotine will be quantified in urine samples. Findings will inform state agencies and local communities to design tailored interventions to reduce hookah use, and regulate the spread of hookah lounges.
The impact of cartoon-based marketing strategies on e-cigarette appeal and use among adolescents
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: During our previous research we have observed a strategy used to market e-cigarette-related products that bears striking similarities to those that have been used by tobacco companies in the past. E-cigarette manufacturers and vendors are using cartoons to market their products and many of these companies' logos are cartoons. it is possible that this marketing strategy (e.g., cartoons) is an effective tool for e-cigarettes; however there is currently no data to answer the following essential questions: 1) what is the overall extent of the use of cartoons in marketing by e-cigarette manufacturers and vendors; 2) what is the extent of exposure to this marketing strategy among adolescents; 3) is this marketing strategy effective at altering perceptions of risks and benefits of use, intention to use, and actual use of e-cigarettes among adolescents?
 The proposed project will address these questions by assessing the impact of the use of cartoons in marketing e-cigarette-related-products on the perceived risks and benefits, intention to use, and actual use of e-cigarettes in adolescents (ages 14 to 17) enrolled in Los Angeles area high schools. We will recruit adolescents (n=1000) to complete surveys assessing self-reported levels of exposure to the above marketing strategy, and perceived risks and benefits of e-cigarette use, intentions to use, and use. Finally, we will recruit adolescents (n=500) to complete an experiment examining the causal impact of this marketing strategy on increases in self-reported product appeal (e.g., intention to use). The overall goal of this project is to inform potential state and local tobacco policy regulations on marketing and promotions. If we find that exposure to cartoon-based marketing strategies are associated with e-cigarette use and intention to use, this would provide strong evidence to develop specific marketing and advertising restrictions similar to those already in place for combustible and chew tobacco products.
CANNABIS CONSUMPTION TECHNIQUES AMONG ADOLESCENTS ACROSS LEGAL CONTEXTS IN THE UNITED STATES
Creators: name: Maynard, Christian P
Publisher: name: Washington State University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Cannabis Acceptability
Cannabis Availability
Cannabis Regulations
Cannabis Vaping
Legal Contexts
Vaping Regulations

description: Cannabis vaping has been increasing with Monitoring the Future indicating cannabis vaping (2018 to 2019) for past 30-day use among 12th graders was the second-highest single-year jump ever tracked by MTF for any substance in its 45-year history. Research on vaping and, in particular, cannabis vaping, has been substantially limited. This study examined the associations between legal contexts (prohibited, medicinal, and recreational) and both general cannabis and cannabis vaping use. Additionally, other factors associated with general cannabis and cannabis vaping use such as availability and acceptability were examined. Using secondary data from Monitoring the Future: A Continuing Study of the Lifestyles and Values of Youth conducted in 2020, with a sample size of 3,770 participants, I find that medicinal states were associated with higher odds of general cannabis use and cannabis vaping, but recreational states were more similar to that of prohibited states. Adolescents with high-risk perceptions of regular cannabis use had decreased odds of general cannabis use and cannabis vaping use. Very easy access to cannabis and cannabis cartridges was associated with increased odds of cannabis vaping and general cannabis use. Lastly, adolescents with parents who strongly disapprove of regular cannabis use had significantly diminished odds of cannabis vaping and general cannabis use.
Youth-initiated tobacco harm reduction? A qualitative study of sexual and gender minorities
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: Though comprehensive tobacco control efforts have been successful in reducing tobacco use in the California general population, nicotine and tobacco (NT) use remains concentrated among sexual and gender minorities (SGM), and within SGM groups, young adults may have the highest smoking prevalence. Therefore, understanding how to most effectively reduce the risk of tobacco-related disease for SGM young adults is crucial, and tobacco harm reduction (THR) approaches may serve as an important step for ultimately achieving a nicotine- and tobacco-free future for sexual and gender minorities. THR approaches emphasize the substitution of less harmful forms of nicotine (e.g. e-cigarettes) for more harmful combustible tobacco products (e.g. cigarettes) for smokers who are unable or unwilling to quit. THR is hotly debated in tobacco control and, as such, remains at the margins. Yet, as the public health community remains embroiled in heated debates about THR, some research suggests that young smokers are nevertheless engaging in a youth-initiated practice of THR to reduce their risks associated with combustible tobacco products by integrating e-cigarettes into their nicotine and tobacco use pathways and patterns. The extent to which this practice has been adopted by young SGM smokers remains unknown. This proposed 36-month qualitative study will investigate SGM young adults’ nicotine and tobacco use pathways and patterns to consider the extent to which THR is practiced by SGM young adults. In in-depth qualitative interviews with 100 SGM young adult smokers and former smokers, we will examine the following aims: (1) Describe whether and how SGM young adults demonstrate pathways and patterns of nicotine and tobacco use that are illustrative of tobacco harm reduction, (2) Examine whether SGM young adults describe the practice of tobacco harm reduction as a way to minimize the tension between the challenges of their everyday lives and their awareness of smoking-related harms, and (3) Develop a theory of practice of tobacco harm reduction to inform prevention and treatment interventions responsive to the unique needs of SGM young adults and grounded in their experiences.
A validated second hand smoking exposure model for Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems (ENDS)
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: On September 12 2018 the FDA stated “we see clear signs that youth use of electronic cigarettes has reached an epidemic proportion, and we must adjust certain aspects of our comprehensive strategy to stem this clear and present danger.” At the same time they announced a series of critical and historic enforcement actions related to the sale and marketing of e-cigarettes to kids. Despite the increasing prevalence of ENDS use, particularly among young adults, there are gaps in knowledge on potential hazards of second hand exposure to emissions. Previous studies have struggled in characterization of second hand ENDS concentrations in indoor environments due to the low levels of emissions after dilution in indoor air and the presence of organic compounds in background air. Further, generalizability of the measurements are limited to similar vaping rates and similar indoor environments. In the proposed project we will address these limitations by employing state of the art chemical characterization of trace organics and particulate matter in exhaled breath from volunteers after using ENDS, where concentrations will be much higher, combined with a resolution that has not previously been applied to chemical characterization of ENDS emissions. We will characterize exhaled breath concentrations after ENDS use for 20 volunteers over 5 visits with a different flavor group for each visit selected based on population prevalence. We will combine these measurements with computational fluid dynamics modeling to better estimate exposure concentrations in a wider range of common indoor environments, which allows for the sensitivities of second hand ENDS concentrations to be evaluated systematically. Finally we will use these measurements to develop a simulated lung model, which reproduces the chemical composition of aerosol and VOC concentrations found in exhaled breath after ENDS use for subsequent testing of additional flavor profiles or use with in vitro and in vivo exposure systems
Didymocheton Blume, Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind.
Creators: name: Holzmeyer, Laura
name: Hauenschild, Frank
name: Mabberley, David J.
name: Muellner-Riehl, Alexandra N.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Sapindales
Meliaceae
Didymocheton

description: I. Didymocheton Blume, Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind.: 177. 1825 ≡
Dysoxylum subg. Didymocheton (Blume) Hook.f. in Bentham & Hooker, Gen. Pl. 1: 333. 1862 ≡ Dysoxylum sect. Didymocheton (Blume) Miq. in Ann. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 4: 8. 1868 – Type: Didymocheton nutans Blume.
= Hartighsea A. Juss. in Bull. Sci. Nat. Géol. 23: 237. 1830 ≡ Dysoxylum subg. Hartighsea (A.Juss.) Hook.f. in Bentham & Hooker, Gen. Pl. 1: 333. 1862 – Type not indicated.
= Cambania Comm. ex M.Roem., Fam. Nat. Syn. Monogr. 1: 83, 102. 1846 – Type: Cambania fraseriana (A.Juss.) M.Roem. ≡ Didymocheton fraserianus (A.Juss.) Mabb. & Hauenschild.
= Macrochiton M.Roem., Fam. Nat. Syn. Monogr. 1: 84, 104. 1846 – Type not indicated.
= Meliadelpha Radlk. in Sitzungsber. Math.-Phys. Cl. Königl. Bayer. Akad. Wiss. München 20: 331. 1891 – Type: Meliadelpha oceanica (W.Bull) Radlk. = Didymocheton bijugus (Labill.) Holzmeyer & Mabb.
Distribution. – Forty-three species, Indo-Pacific, almost all east of Wallace’ s Line, to Tonga, with particularly high endemism in New Guinea, New Caledonia and Fiji, which distribution greatly contrasts with those of all the other genera considered here.
Note. – The generic name has often been treated as neuter, but it is masculine, like the contemporary Chisocheton Blume.
description: Published as part of Holzmeyer, Laura, Hauenschild, Frank, Mabberley, David J. & Muellner-Riehl, Alexandra N., 2021, Confirmed polyphyly, generic recircumscription and typification of Dysoxylum (Meliaceae), with revised disposition of currently accepted species, pp. 1248-1272 in TAXON 70 (6) on page 1258, DOI: 10.1002/tax.12591, http://zenodo.org/record/14047415
Stenoscyllium Noubhani & Cappetta 1997
Creators: name: Ebersole, Jun A.
name: Cicimurri, David J.
name: Stringer, Gary L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Chondrichthyes
Carcharhiniformes
Stenoscyllium

description: Genus Stenoscyllium Noubhani & Cappetta, 1997
Type species
Stenoscyllium priemi Noubhani & Cappetta, 1997, Ypresian, Morocco.
description: Published as part of Ebersole, Jun A., Cicimurri, David J. & Stringer, Gary L., 2019, Taxonomy and biostratigraphy of the elasmobranchs and bony fishes (Chondrichthyes and Osteichthyes) of the lower-to-middle Eocene (Ypresian to Bartonian) Claiborne Group in Alabama, USA, including an analysis of otoliths, pp. 1-274 in European Journal of Taxonomy 585 on page 60, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2019.585, http://zenodo.org/record/3660259
Targeting the unique metabolic vulnerabilities of lung cancer
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: Cancer cells must adapt and change in order to survive the challenging environment of a tumor. Ultimately, the most aggressive and metastatic tumors are those that are able to switch back and forth to evade the effects of therapy. One aspect of this involves cancer cell metabolism, which is how cells can convert nutrients into energy that fuel their growth and spread. Cancer cells can use two main types of metabolism depending on the presence or absence of oxygen. In the absence of oxygen, “glycolysis” can break down the sugar glucose into energy that the cell can use. In contrast, “oxidative phosphorylation” or OXPHOS uses oxygen to generate energy.

 Unlike normal healthy cells in the body, cancer cells are thought to utilize glycolysis, which has led many to the assumption that OXPHOS is downregulated in all cancers. However, recent studies have shown that OXPHOS can be also upregulated in certain cancers, including leukemias, lymphomas, pancreatic cancers, melanoma, and endometrial carcinoma. OXPHOS inhibitors could therefore be used to target certain cancer subtypes in which OXPHOS is upregulated.

 There is already some evidence that tobacco-related cancers may show a unique metabolic profile. Cigarette smoking is known to change how lung cells generate energy, making them more reliant on the OXPHOS pathway. Cigarette smoking also promotes a process known as epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), which itself has been implicated as a trigger for lung cancer cells to shift to an OXPHOS-dependent state. Therefore, I will test the hypothesis that attacking the OXPHOS pathway may be particularly effective against lung cancer cells that have been stressed by cigarette smoking and/or cancer therapy.

 The overall objectives of my postdoctoral fellowship proposal are to define how lung cancers can become addicted to OXPHOS and to determine whether this enhances their sensitivity to agents that interfere with the OXPHOS pathway. This fellowship will strengthen my understanding of fundamental cancer cell biology and take advantage of Dr. Cheresh lab’s expertise and tools required to study lung cancer progression and response to therapy. Combining this with my own background in cancer cell metabolism will provide me with a path toward an independent research career.
THE ROLE AND IMPORTANCE OF THE TEACHER'S APPEARANCE AND BEHAVIOR IN EDUCATION
Creators: name: Naima Zaynobidinova  N.Q. G'ofurova
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: In this article we consider the importance of the appearance and manners of the teacher as part of his pedagogical image. The appearance of the teacher is important in establishing positive relationships with students, pupils, parents and colleagues. The external image of the teacher can serve as a tool for creating a positive image of the educational institution. It is important to show individuality, which has a positive effect.
Effects of long-term nicotine exposure on stem cell therapy
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death worldwide. Among these diseases, peripheral artery disease (PAD) affects up to 8 million in the USA. It entails the loss of blood flow to limbs due to blocked arteries, ultimately leading to amputation if other treatment strategies are unsuccessful in restoring blood flow. A major risk factor for PAD is smoking, which leads to poorer prognosis than non-smoking PAD patients. A promising approach to treat PAD is stem cell therapy. Stem cells are cells which can transform into any cell type in the body. Stem cells can give rise to a wide range of cell types like endothelial cells that form new blood vessels through a process called angiogenesis. Among the most promising stem cell types are induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Human iPSCs are advantageous because they can be derived from a patient’s own cells, thereby avoiding immune rejection. Consequently, iPSC derived endothelial cells (iPSC-ECs) offer a great potential in contributing to new blood vessels for diseased limbs.

 Although smoking is known to be extremely harmful and increases the risk of developing cardiovascular disease, the biological effects of the many components of tobacco smoking is unknown. Importantly, the effect of tobacco related metabolites exposure in patient-derived iPSC-ECs is largely unknown. Since tobacco usage can adversely affect the angiogenic actions of iPSC-ECs and thereby limit their efficacy as a therapy to restore blood flow, it remains critically important to understand how tobacco components interact with iPSC-ECs. In this proposal, the primary focus is on the effect of nicotine, the addictive component of tobacco, on iPSC-EC function. Nicotine is important because of its availability in a large range of tobacco related products, from cigarettes to chewing gum and patches to electronic cigarette liquid. The goals of the proposed project are to determine the effects nicotine exposure on the functionality of iPSC-ECs, how this process occurs biologically, and the development of a novel strategy to reverse the effects.
Didymocheton aliquantulus, comb. nov.
Creators: name: Holzmeyer, Laura
name: Hauenschild, Frank
name: Mabberley, David J.
name: Muellner-Riehl, Alexandra N.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Sapindales
Meliaceae
Didymocheton
Didymocheton aliquantulus

description: 1. Didymocheton aliquantulus (A.C.Sm.) Holzmeyer & Hauenschild, comb. nov.
≡ Dysoxylum aliquantulum A.C. Sm. in Pacific Sci. 23: 383. 1969 – Holotype: Fiji, Viti Levu, Nausori Highlands, Damanu 15605 (BISH barcode BISH1003361 [image!]).
Distribution. – Fiji.
Note. – See also Smith (1985: 560).
description: Published as part of Holzmeyer, Laura, Hauenschild, Frank, Mabberley, David J. & Muellner-Riehl, Alexandra N., 2021, Confirmed polyphyly, generic recircumscription and typification of Dysoxylum (Meliaceae), with revised disposition of currently accepted species, pp. 1248-1272 in TAXON 70 (6) on page 1258, DOI: 10.1002/tax.12591, http://zenodo.org/record/14047415
A Human iPSC-based Platform to Unravel the Role of Nicotine in the Pathogenesis of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: The aorta is the largest artery in the body, and it runs next to the spine and delivers the blood from the heart to all organs and body parts. An aortic aneurysm is a focal bulging out of the aorta due to the weakening of the aortic wall structure in that region. Aortic aneurysms can be formed at the thoracic aorta (thoracic aortic aneurysms, TAAs) or the abdominal aorta (abdominal aortic aneurysms, AAAs). Aortic aneurysms are often asymptomatic, and an acute aortic rupture or dissection occurs with >90% risk of sudden death. Due to the paucity of the understanding of the pathophysiology of aortic aneurysms, there is no approved pharmacological treatment available to prevent aneurysm formation or to stop its growth once detected. AAAs are the most common type of the disease, and are causatively affected by tobacco smoking. Smooth muscle cells (SMCs) are the predominant cell type in the aorta, and they demonstrate aortic region-dependent responses to the same pathological stimuli. However, due to the limited translational value of animal studies and the unavailability of human aortic tissues, the mechanisms by which tobacco smoking predisposes to AAAs but not to TAAs are poorly elucidated. As a surrogate disease modeling platform, human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) can be differentiated into lineage-specific SMC analogs to those in different segments of the aorta. Therefore, I will use this cell system to investigate whether region (lineage)-specific iPSC-derived SMCs will respond differently to nicotine treatment. The outcomes of this research will provide insights into the molecular mechanisms for regional propensity to the progression of AAAs in the context of tobacco smoking. Furthermore, this proposed research project will offer a proof-of-principle of using the iPSC-based platform to screen for compounds with therapeutic potentials to treatment tobacco-related cardiovascular diseases.
Didymocheton alliaceus Holzmeyer & Hauenschild & Mabberley & Muellner-Riehl 2021, comb. nov.
Creators: name: Holzmeyer, Laura
name: Hauenschild, Frank
name: Mabberley, David J.
name: Muellner-Riehl, Alexandra N.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Sapindales
Meliaceae
Didymocheton
Didymocheton alliaceus

description: 2. Didymocheton alliaceus (G.Forst.) Mabb., comb. nov. ≡
Trichilia alliacea G.Forst., Fl. Ins. Austr.: 33. 1786 – Lectotype (first step designated by Smith in Contr. U. S. Natl. Herb. 30: 503. 1952, second step designated here by
D.J. Mabberley): “Rotterdam Insula oceani pacifici”, J.R. & G. Forster s.n. (BM barcode BM000799772!).
Distribution. – Western Pacific islands to Tonga.
Note. – Smith indicated the type as “ Tonga […] Nomuka Group: ‘ Cook’ s 3rd Voyag e’ (TYPE BM)”; of the three extant Forster sheets at BM, barcode BM000799772 alone has an old printed label “ Type Specimen” and is highly probably the sheet Smith had in mind, so it is here confirmed.
description: Published as part of Holzmeyer, Laura, Hauenschild, Frank, Mabberley, David J. & Muellner-Riehl, Alexandra N., 2021, Confirmed polyphyly, generic recircumscription and typification of Dysoxylum (Meliaceae), with revised disposition of currently accepted species, pp. 1248-1272 in TAXON 70 (6) on pages 1258-1259, DOI: 10.1002/tax.12591, http://zenodo.org/record/14047415
Effect of nicotine on the cardiac aging process
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: With increased age, people are more likely to suffer a heart attack, a stroke, or to develop coronary heart disease and heart failure. Cardiovascular diseases are also a major cause of disability, reducing the quality of life for millions of older people. Smoking is also a well-known risk factor for developing heart disease and recent studies suggest that a link exists between smoking and aging. In fact, the World Health Organization has reported that smokers show patterns of accelerated aging. The use of nicotine replacements such as e-cigarettes has increased significantly in the US in recent years. Although e-cigarettes lack the harmful chemical products of tobacco smoke, the potential negative effects on human health with long-term exposure to nicotine are still unclear. The muscle cells in the heart contains lot of mitochondria that are responsible for providing energy to ensure continuous contraction of the heart. When mitochondria become old or damaged, they are rapidly removed via an important cellular quality control pathway called autophagy. In this process, damaged mitochondria are sequestered by vesicles called autophagosomes which subsequently deliver the mitochondria to lysosomes where they are degraded. When this process is impaired, it can lead to accumulation of damaged mitochondria and loss of muscle cells. This, in turn, can result in development of heart failure. It is known that this process is reduced in various tissues with age. In this proposal, I will explore how aging and chronic nicotine exposure affect autophagy in the heart. In addition, I will investigate whether long-term nicotine exposure functions as a cardiac aging accelerator. My study will provide a better understanding of the effects that nicotine will have on the heart and potential role in cardiovascular disease.
Stenoscyllium Noubhani & Cappetta 1997
Creators: name: Ebersole, Jun A.
name: Cicimurri, David J.
name: Stringer, Gary L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Chondrichthyes
Carcharhiniformes
Stenoscyllium

description: Stenoscyllium cf. S. priemi Noubhani & Cappetta, 1997
Fig. 22
Stenoscyllium priemi Noubhani & Cappetta, 1997: 70, pl. 28, figs 8–11, text-fig. 13.
Scyliorhinus subulidens – Arambourg 1952: pl. 23, figs 2–4.
Material examined
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA – Alabama • 3 isolated teeth; Claiborne Group; MSC 35760.1 – 2, MSC 38527.
Description
Teeth distinctively mesiodistally compressed. Tooth crown tall and triangular with a strong lingual bend. Both lingual and labial crown faces convex with smooth enameloid. Prominent mesial and distal cutting edges present on the upper two-thirds of crown, but not reaching the crown base. Basal labial crown face slightly overhangs root. Single pair of cusplets present on some teeth. Root holaulacorhize, with closely spaced, rounded lobes. In lingual view, root height almost equal to crown height. Lingual root face with pronounced protuberance bisected by nutritive groove. Large nutritive foramina present within nutritive groove. Individual foramina located on upper-half of lingual and labial root faces. Lingual, labial, and basal root faces distinctly flat.
Remarks
In his type suite for Scyliorhinus subulidens, Arambourg (1952) included several teeth that he considered to represent anterior jaw positions. Working with new material recovered from lower Eocene deposits in Morocco, Noubhani & Cappetta (1997) erected Stenoscyllium priemi to include the teeth Arambourg (1952) thought were anterior teeth of the subulidens species. The genus Stenoscyllium is currently monospecific, with the only species being S. priemi. Although the roots are abraded and the cusplets are not preserved on all the specimens in our sample, their overall morphology matches that of S. priemi as figured by Arambourg (1952: pl. 23), Noubhani & Cappetta (1997: pl. 28) and Cappetta (2012: fig. 266). Due to the preservation and limited sample size, our specimens are only tentatively assigned to this species.
Stratigraphic and geographic range in Alabama
The specimens in our sample were collected from the lower Tallahatta Formation at site ADl-1. Upper Ypresian/ lower Lutetian, Zone NP14.
description: Published as part of Ebersole, Jun A., Cicimurri, David J. & Stringer, Gary L., 2019, Taxonomy and biostratigraphy of the elasmobranchs and bony fishes (Chondrichthyes and Osteichthyes) of the lower-to-middle Eocene (Ypresian to Bartonian) Claiborne Group in Alabama, USA, including an analysis of otoliths, pp. 1-274 in European Journal of Taxonomy 585 on pages 60-61, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2019.585, http://zenodo.org/record/3660259
Intersecting Inequities: Linking tobacco use to oral health disparities among Blacks and Latinx
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: According to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention, smoking is the leading cause of preventable death and tobacco use is the main risk factor associated with destructive periodontal disease and oral cancer (2019). Oral health disparities and poor oral health outcomes in the San Joaquin Valley (SJV) are often overlooked as the SJV is a high need, low resource region of California. For those who use tobacco products, the outcomes are worse, in particularly in Black and Latino/a communities. Populations in the SJV are vulnerable to tobacco-related oral health problems due to limited access to dental care services, including preventative screenings and cleanings. The use of electronic smoking devices (e.g. e-cigarettes, vaping devices) is becoming increasingly common among adolescents and young adults and providers in the SJV have begun seeing the harmful effects to mouth health, especially among teens. Concerns about tobacco use have grown to not only include traditional cigarettes and smokeless tobacco, but to include a wide array of electronic devices that target youth and young adults in rural, communities of color.

 In order to understand more about the tobacco and oral health environments and the factors that link these two topics, dental care providers and individuals representing both government agencies and community-based organizations were identified through oral health advisory board members from three San Joaquin Valley counties in California. Perceptions and challenges of the oral health environment for older adults in the counties were explored through ninety in-depth interviews. These results were used in three oral health needs assessments. I will be conducting thirty in-depth interviews with community members to better understand their perceptions of tobacco use and oral health, as these may be different than the perspectives of previous interviewees. I will then compare responses across the groups to determine similarities, differences and common themes.

 The results will help us understand how Black and Latino/a community members and providers of all types discuss the link between oral health and tobacco. This will inform the design of appropriate oral health interventions. Research results will be presented to community members, providers and community stakeholders, including public health departments.
Module 7 - Digitize Your Specimen
Creators: name: Zeringue-Krosnick, Shawn
name: Kellymoore@Tntech.Edu
name: McGuire, Brittany
Publisher: name: QUBES Educational Resources
Year: 2024

description: Students will learn about the process of herbarium specimen digitization and explore various approaches utilized at different herbaria. Next, students will learn how global specimen data is shared using a common framework. Lastly, as part of a field trip to the local herbarium, each student will digitize their herbarium specimen by photographing and databasing the label information.
title: Capitalism Collapsing
title: American College Students' Dreams During the Onset of a Global Pandemic
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Paul, Meghan
Publisher: name: Washington State University
Year: 2022
Subjects: American Dream
COVID-19
Cultural model
Dreams
Pandemic

description: This article analyzes undergraduate dreams during the COVID-19 pandemic through recurrent dream images and feelings explored through metaphors. The aim is to understand students’ psychological preoccupations and how these were influenced by their culture. The data is from students enrolled in an Anthropology course in session when the pandemic hit. A “before and after” research framework provided a basis to compare prior and post pandemic themes and preoccupations. To explore the pandemic effect on American university students, this article examines individual lives alongside larger social structures, in particular the parts of the economy impacted by the pandemic. In addition, this article explores the relationship of these images to cultural models. Images salient during the pandemic are linked to dreamer’s overt and covert preoccupations after the pandemic declaration period.
Regulation of lung type 2 immunity in tobacco smoke-related allergic asthma
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: Asthma affects over 300 million people worldwide with a high prevalence (5-10%) in children. Defined by recurring symptoms of shortness of breath, coughing, chest pain, and wheezing, asthma is the most common chronic disease of the lung. Up to 50% of adult asthmatics are current or former cigarette smokers, and smoking results in more severe asthma symptoms and increased frequency of medication-resistant asthmatic attacks, hospitalizations, and deaths. In children, exposure to secondhand smoke increases the risk of asthma attacks. Although asthma is a heterogeneous disease caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors, lung and airway allergic inflammation is strongly associated. Our work has focused on white blood cells that reside in the lung tissue and initiate allergic responses. In this proposal, we will use models of allergic asthma to assess how cigarette smoke alters these immune ‘homes’ or ‘niches’ in lung tissue to worsen disease. We will determine how cigarette smoke impacts immune niches during lung development, comparing to adults, and determine how conserved these niches are in human lungs. We expect our studies will provide mechanistic insight into how cigarette smoke impacts asthma and ultimately drive improved therapies for cigarette smoke related lung disease.
Didymocheton aneityensis Harms
Creators: name: Holzmeyer, Laura
name: Hauenschild, Frank
name: Mabberley, David J.
name: Muellner-Riehl, Alexandra N.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Sapindales
Meliaceae
Didymocheton
Didymocheton aneityensis

description: 3. Didymocheton aneityensis (Guillaumin) Harms in Engler & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam., ed. 2, 19bI: 157. 1940
≡ Dysoxylum aneityense Guillaumin in J. Arnold Arbor. 12: 237. 1931 – Holotype: Vanuatu, Anatom, Anelghowhat Bay, Kajewski 754 (A barcode 00044816!).
Distribution. – Vanuatu.
description: Published as part of Holzmeyer, Laura, Hauenschild, Frank, Mabberley, David J. & Muellner-Riehl, Alexandra N., 2021, Confirmed polyphyly, generic recircumscription and typification of Dysoxylum (Meliaceae), with revised disposition of currently accepted species, pp. 1248-1272 in TAXON 70 (6) on page 1259, DOI: 10.1002/tax.12591, http://zenodo.org/record/14047415
Role of Oxidative Stress in Cigarette Smoke Induced Developing Germ Cell Death
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: Cigarette smoke is a known reproductive hazard associated with delayed conception and early menopause. Among the chemicals that are found in cigarette smoke, benzo(a)pyrene (BaP), is present in high concentrations. BaP is a known ovarian toxicant shown to deplete ovarian egg reserves in rodents. An important determinant of this reserve is the precursor to egg cells that develop in the ovary during gestation, primordial germ cells (PGCs). This developing ovary is especially sensitive to compounds in cigarette smoke, including BaP. It has been previously shown that treating pregnant mice with BaP results in decreased fertility in female offspring due to their ovaries having fewer egg cells. Our past work has shown this to increased cell death of PGCs in the fetal ovary is caused by exposure to BaP. This proposal aims to understand how exposing mouse embryonic ovaries to BaP leads to increased PGC death, thus depleting egg cell reserves of the fetuses. Our study will address this broad question in two ways. The first will be to examine if BaP increases production of harmful reactive oxygen species in the ovary. The second will be to investigate how BaP affects the cells by looking for DNA damage from those reactive oxygen species and signals that induce cell death in the exposed ovaries. Through providing this useful information on how a common chemical found in cigarette smoke induces increased cell death of PGCs, leading to decreased ovarian reserve of egg cells, we can further our understanding of how cigarette smoke exposure is linked to early menopause.
Galeorhinus de Blainville 1816
Creators: name: Ebersole, Jun A.
name: Cicimurri, David J.
name: Stringer, Gary L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Elasmobranchii
Carcharhiniformes
Triakidae
Galeorhinus

description: Genus Galeorhinus de Blainville, 1816
Type species
Squalus galeus Linnaeus, 1758, Recent.
description: Published as part of Ebersole, Jun A., Cicimurri, David J. & Stringer, Gary L., 2019, Taxonomy and biostratigraphy of the elasmobranchs and bony fishes (Chondrichthyes and Osteichthyes) of the lower-to-middle Eocene (Ypresian to Bartonian) Claiborne Group in Alabama, USA, including an analysis of otoliths, pp. 1-274 in European Journal of Taxonomy 585 on page 61, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2019.585, http://zenodo.org/record/3660259
The effect of combustible cigarettes and electronic cigarettes on oral Candida pathogenesis
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: Smoking is a very well-known overall health hazard with a significant impact on oral health as well. This is aggravated in the socio-economically disadvantaged populations, veterans and the elderly who often have less access to oral care. One of the prevalent smoking-related diseases is oral candidiasis (OC), a fungal infection that is caused by Candida albicans (Ca), a fungus commonly found in our saliva. In OC, Ca enters the oral mucosal tissues and causes disease. OC most prevalently affects the oral mucosal tissues of denture wearers with more than half suffering from the disease. The above-mentioned vulnerable populations are disproportionally affected.
 Electronic cigarettes (ECs) have become a popular alternative to cigarette smoking in the United States. While often perceived as healthier, little is known regarding their effect on oral tissues in comparison to combustible cigarettes (Cs). Previous studies have shown that nicotine enhances the disease-associated form of Ca. However, studies comparing the effect of Cs and ECs on oral cells and pathogenicity of Ca are largely lacking. To address this issue, we hypothesize that Cs and ECs can lead to a drastic change in Ca pathogenicity thereby advancing OC. As the behavior of Ca changes in the presence of Cs and ECs the treatment with antifungal drugs may also change.
 Since the popularity of ECs continues to grow, likely surpassing combustible Cs in the next decade the potential damage to oral tissues and associated changes in pathogenicity of microorganisms are a major public health concern. The goal of this study is to compare and understand how Cs and ECs affect Ca with respect to oral cells, and how this may relate to treatment efficacy.
 The proposed study will advance our understanding of the effect of the change in smoking behavior on the pathogenicity of Ca, a major oral pathogen for persistent mucosal oral diseases such as OC that disproportionally affects disadvantaged populations.
Deep-Learning-basierte Rekonstruktion zur Rauschunterdrückung und Auflösungsskalierung T2-gewichteter Sequenzen in der multiparametrischen Magnetresonanztomographie der Prostata
Creators: name: Bischoff, Leon Marcel
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Bonn
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: ddc:610

description: Die multiparametrische Magnetresonanztomographie (mpMRT) der Prostata ist die wichtigste nicht-invasive Diagnostik zur Abklärung des Prostatakarzinoms. Die Untersuchungsprotokolle sind jedoch zeitintensiv, was die Anzahl an untersuchten Patienten limitiert. Zur Reduktion der Akquisitionszeit wurden bereits in mehreren Studien verschiedene „Deep Learning“ (DL) basierte Algorithmen in die Bildrekonstruktion integriert. Diese hatten durch Reduktion des Hintergrundrauschens und Hochskalierung der Bildauflösung initial niedrig aufgelöster und schnell akquirierter Sequenzen eine vergleichbare Qualität zu Standardaufnahmen. Jedoch wurde diese Methodik bisher nicht prospektiv in einem klinischen Umfeld bei Patienten mit Prostatakarzinom untersucht. Das Ziel dieser Studie war deshalb die qualitative und quantitative Evaluation eines neuen DL-Algorithmus zur Rekonstruktion T2-gewichteter Aufnahmen in der mpMRT der Prostata, die neben diffusionsgewichteten Sequenzen die Basis dieser Untersuchung bilden. Dieser kombiniert traditionelles „Compressed Sensing“ mit der DL-basierten Entfernung von Hintergrundrauschen und einer Hochskalierung der Bildauflösung. Wir konnten in dieser Studie zeigen, dass initial niedrig aufgelöste axiale T2-gewichtete Sequenzen, die nachträglich mittels dieses DL-Algorithmus rekonstruiert wurden, eine durchweg höhere Bildqualität als T2-gewichtete Sequenzen mit Standardauflösung hatten. Dies konnte einerseits qualitativ mittels höherer Bewertung auf einer Likert-Skala von 1 bis 5 in den sechs Kategorien Artefakte, Bildschärfe, Abgrenzbarkeit von Läsionen, Kapselschärfe, allgemeine Bildqualität und diagnostische Sicherheit gezeigt werden. Andererseits hatte die DL-rekonstruierte Sequenz partiell ein höheres scheinbares Signal- und Kontrast-Rausch-Verhältnis sowie eine reduzierte „Edge-Rise-Distance“ als quantitatives Korrelat einer höheren Bildschärfe. Die Akquisitionszeit hingegen konnte um bis zu 36 % gegenüber den Standardsequenzen reduziert werden. Die PI-RADS-Scores, die auf Basis entweder der DL-rekonstruierten Sequenz oder der Standardsequenz vergeben wurden, unterschieden sich nur in wenigen Fällen. Zusammenfassend führte die DL-Rekonstruktion somit zu einer stark verkürzten Akquisitionszeit bei gleichzeitig gesteigerter Bildqualität mit nur marginalem Einfluss auf die vergebenen PI-RADS Scores. Eine Übernahme dieser Technik in die klinische Routine könnte somit zu einer effizienteren Bildgebung von Patienten mit Verdacht auf ein Prostatakarzinom führen.
Зв'язок між становленням цифрової економіки та поглибленням інтеграції країн-членів ЄС
Creators: name: Іванцов, С. І.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: цифрова економіка, європейська інтеграція, митний союз, Єдиний внутрішній ринок, валютно-економічний союз, інноваційний союз, компетенції, спільні політики ЄС.

description: Широке використання цифрових технологій, їх проникнення у економічні системи всіх рівнів, призвело до появи цифрової економіки. Її становлення відбувається у тому числі зокрема на міжнародно-регіональному рівні, зокрема у ЄС. З огляду на це, виконано обґрунтування зв’язку між становленням цифрової економіки та поглибленням інтеграції країн-членів ЄС. Основними напрямами дослідження є: поглиблення економічної інтеграції; розбудова єдиного соціально-економічного простору; розширення компетенцій ЄС; підтримка політичної системи та гармонійного громадянського суспільства. Виокремлено особливості сучасного етапу еволюції європейської інтеграції, пов'язані зі становленням цифрової економіки. Обґрунтовано інтеграцію в цифровій сфері (цифрова інтеграція), яка передбачає створення інститутів, інфраструктури та інших умов для становлення цифрової економіки. Наголошено на необхідності розгляду цифрової економіки ЄС як цілого та вираховування її впливу на всі міжнародно-регіональні процеси.