cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Constraints on the Orbital Evolution of Triton
Creators: name: Cuk, Matija
name: Gladman, Brett J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present simulations of Triton's post-capture orbit that confirm the importance of Kozai-type oscillations in its orbital elements. In the context of the tidal orbital evolution model, these variations require average pericenter distances much higher than previously published, and the timescale for the tidal orbital evolution of Triton becomes longer than the age of the Solar System. Recently-discovered irregular satellites present a new constraint on Triton's orbital history. Our numerical integrations of test particles indicate a timescale for Triton's orbital evolution to be less than $10^5$ yrs for a reasonable number of distant satellites to survive Triton's passage. This timescale is inconsistent with the exclusively tidal evolution (time scale of $>10^8$ yrs), but consistent with the interestion with the debris from satellite-satellite collisions. Any major regular satellites will quickly collide among themselves after being perturbed by Triton, and the resulting debris disk would eventually be swept up by Triton; given that the total mass of the Uranian satellite system is 40% of that of Triton, large scale evolution is possible. This scenario could have followed either collisional or the recently-discussed three-body-interaction-based capture.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures, accepted for ApJL
A second eigenvalue bound for the Dirichlet Schroedinger operator
Creators: name: Benguria, Rafael D.
name: Linde, Helmut
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 35P15; 49Rxx; 81Q10

description: Let $λ_i(Ω,V)$ be the $i$th eigenvalue of the Schrödinger operator with Dirichlet boundary conditions on a bounded domain $Ω\subset \R^n$ and with the positive potential $V$. Following the spirit of the Payne-Pólya-Weinberger conjecture and under some convexity assumptions on the spherically rearranged potential $V_\star$, we prove that $λ_2(Ω,V) \le λ_2(S_1,V_\star)$. Here $S_1$ denotes the ball, centered at the origin, that satisfies the condition $λ_1(Ω,V) = λ_1(S_1,V_\star)$. Further we prove under the same convexity assumptions on a spherically symmetric potential $V$, that $λ_2(B_R, V) / λ_1(B_R, V)$ decreases when the radius $R$ of the ball $B_R$ increases. We conclude with several results about the first two eigenvalues of the Laplace operator with respect to a measure of Gaussian or inverted Gaussian density.
Microalgae are not an umbrella solution for power industry waste abatement but could play a role in their valorization
Creators: name: Klepacz-Smolka, Anna
name: Shah, Mahfuzur R.
name: Jiang, Ying
name: Zhong, Yuqing
name: Chen, Pengyu
name: Pietrzyk, Damian
name: Szelag, Rafal
name: Ledakowicz, Stanislaw
name: Daroch, Maurycy
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Plant Biology

description: Microalgae have long been regarded as a promising solution for biological carbon abatement from the power industry, offering renewable biomass without competing for land or water resources used for food crops. In this study, we extensively examined the application of photosynthetic microorganisms for closing carbon, nitrogen, and micronutrient loops in the power industry. Subsequently, we explored the bottom-up integration of algal biorefineries into power industry waste streams for increased economic benefits and reduced environmental impacts. Analysis of the available data indicated that microalgae integration with the power industry is primarily performed using flue-gas-assisted cultivation. This approach allows for carbon sequestration typically below one gram per liter per day, too low to significantly impact carbon abatement at achievable scales of microalgae cultivation. Alternative approaches are also being explored. For example, soluble bicarbonate platforms allow for higher biomass productivity and temporary carbon storage. Meanwhile, the use of ashes and waste heat and thermophilic strains can result in lower cultivation costs and better control of cultivation conditions. These approaches offer further incremental improvement to microalgae-based carbon abatement systems in the power industry but are unlikely to be an umbrella solution for carbon reduction. Consequently, in the near term, microalgae-based carbon valorization systems are likely to be limited to niche applications involving the synthesis of high-value products. For microalgae to truly transform carbon abatement processes radical improvements in both biology and engineering approaches are urgently needed.
TEŃSIZLIKLERDI DÁLILLEWDE BAHALAW USILINIŃ QOLLANILIWI
Creators: name: Dilmuratov, Damir
name: Maksatov, Sunkat
name: Yusupov, Muzaffar
name: Boranbaev, Orazǵali
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Bul maqalada teńsizliklerdi dálillewde bahalaw usılınıń qollanılıwı keltirilgen. Bul usıl teńsizliklerdi dálillewdiń standart usılı bolıp, tiykarınan teńsizliktiń aǵzaların joqarıdan yakı tómennen bahalaw arqalı dálilleymiz. Maqalada bul usıl mısallar arqalı úyrenilgen.
Are Ti44-Producing Supernovae Exceptional?
Creators: name: The, L. -S.
name: Clayton, D. D.
name: Diehl, R.
name: Hartmann, D. H.
name: Iyudin, A. F.
name: Leising, M. D.
name: Meyer, B. S.
name: Motizuki, Y.
name: Schonfelder, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: According to standard models supernovae produce radioactive $^{44}$Ti, which should be visible in gamma-rays following decay to $^{44}$Ca for a few centuries. $^{44}Ti production is believed to be the source of cosmic $^{44}$Ca, whose abundance is well established. Yet, gamma-ray telescopes have not seen the expected young remnants of core collapse events. The $^{44}$Ti mean life of $τ\simeq$ 89 y and the Galactic supernova rate of $\simeq$ 3/100 y imply $\simeq$ several detectable $^{44}Ti gamma-ray sources, but only one is clearly seen, the 340-year-old Cas A SNR. Furthermore, supernovae which produce much $^{44}Ti are expected to occur primarily in the inner part of the Galaxy, where young massive stars are most abundant. Because the Galaxy is transparent to gamma-rays, this should be the dominant location of expected gamma-ray sources. Yet the Cas A SNR as the only one source is located far from the inner Galaxy (at longitude 112 degree). We evaluate the surprising absence of detectable supernovae from the past three centuries. We discuss whether our understanding of SN explosions, their $^{44}Ti yields, their spatial distributions, and statistical arguments can be stretched so that this apparent disagreement may be accommodated within reasonable expectations, or if we have to revise some or all of the above aspects to bring expectations in agreement with the observations. We conclude that either core collapse supernovae have been improbably rare in the Galaxy during the past few centuries, or $^{44}Ti-producing supernovae are atypical supernovae. We also present a new argument based on $^{44}$Ca/$^{40}$Ca ratios in mainstream SiC stardust grains that may cast doubt on massive-He-cap Type I supernovae as the source of most galactic $^{44}$Ca.
description: 23 pages, 14 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2006. Correcting the SN type of Tycho in Table B.1. and add its associated references
Modulating nano-inhomogeneity at electrode-solid electrolyte interfaces for dendrite-proof solid-state batteries and long-life memristors
Creators: name: Lu, Ziheng
name: Yang, Ziwei
name: Li, Cheng
name: Wang, Kai
name: Han, Jinlong
name: Tong, Peifei
name: Li, Guoxiao
name: Vishnugopi, Bairav Sabarish
name: Mukherjee, Partha P.
name: Yang, Chunlei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The penetration of dendrites in ceramic lithium conductors severely constrains the development of solid-state batteries (SSBs) while its nanoscopic origin remain unelucidated. We develop an in-situ nanoscale electrochemical characterization technique to reveal the nanoscopic lithium dendrite growth kinetics and use it as a guiding tool to unlock the design of interfaces for dendrite-proof SSBs. Using Li7La3Zr2O12 (LLZO) as a model system, in-situ nanoscopic dendrite triggering measurements, ex-situ electro-mechanical characterizations, and finite element simulations are carried out which reveal the dominating role of Li+ flux detouring and nano-mechanical inhomogeneity on dendrite penetration. To mitigate such nano-inhomogeneity, an ionic-conductive homogenizing layer based on poly(propylene carbonate) is designed which in-situ reacts with lithium to form a highly conformal interphase at mild conditions. A high critical current density of 1.8mA cm-2 and a low interfacial resistance of 14Ω cm2 is achieved. Practical SSBs based on LiFePO4 cathodes show great cyclic stability without capacity decay over 300 cycles. Beyond this, highly reversible electrochemical dendrite healing behavior in LLZO is discovered using the nano-electrode, based on which a model memristor with a high on/off ratio of ~10^5 is demonstrated for >200 cycles. This work not only provides a novel tool to investigate and design interfaces in SSBs but offers also new opportunities for solid electrolytes beyond energy applications.
Story about Verdena getting in trouble for letting pigs out of their pen
Creators: name: Parker, Verdena
name: Spence, Justin
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: hup

description: Audio and video files VP-200317-03: Verdena tells a story about a time when her grandmother wanted to punish her for letting some pigs out of their pen, in Hupa then in English.
Making ultracold molecules in a two color pump-dump photoassociation scheme using chirped pulses
Creators: name: Koch, Christiane P.
name: Luc-Koenig, Eliane
name: Masnou-Seeuws, Françoise
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This theoretical paper investigates the formation of ground state molecules from ultracold cesium atoms in a two-color scheme. Following previous work on photoassociation with chirped picosecond pulses [Luc-Koenig et al., Phys. Rev. A {\bf 70}, 033414 (2004)], we investigate stabilization by a second (dump) pulse. By appropriately choosing the dump pulse parameters and time delay with respect to the photoassociation pulse, we show that a large number of deeply bound molecules are created in the ground triplet state. We discuss (i) broad-bandwidth dump pulses which maximize the probability to form molecules while creating a broad vibrational distribution as well as (ii) narrow-bandwidth pulses populating a single vibrational ground state level, bound by 113 cm$^{-1}$. The use of chirped pulses makes the two-color scheme robust, simple and efficient.
The Effects of Gravitational Back-Reaction on Cosmological Perturbations
Creators: name: Martineau, Patrick
name: Brandenberger, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Because of the non-linearity of the Einstein equations, the cosmological fluctuations which are generated during inflation on a wide range of wavelengths do not evolve independently. In particular, to second order in perturbation theory, the first order fluctuations back-react both on the background geometry and on the perturbations themselves. I this paper, the gravitational back-reaction of long wavelength (super-Hubble) scalar metric fluctuations on the perturbations themselves is investigated for a large class of inflationary models. Specifically, the equations describing the evolution of long wavelength cosmological metric and matter perturbations in an inflationary universe are solved to second order in both the amplitude of the perturbations and in the slow roll expansion parameter. Assuming that the linear fluctuations have random phases, we show that the fractional correction to the power spectrum due to the leading infrared back-reaction terms does not change the shape of the spectrum. The amplitude of the effect is suppressed by the product of the inflationary slow-roll parameter and the amplitude of the linear power spectrum. The non-gaussianity of the spectrum induced by back-reaction is commented upon.
description: 9 pages
Universal interrelation between dynamics and thermodynamics of fluids: dynamically-driven "c"-transition
Creators: name: Cockrell, Cillian
name: Brazhkin, Vadim V.
name: Trachenko, Kostya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Our first very wide survey of the supercritical phase diagram and its key properties reveals a universal interrelation between dynamics and thermodynamics and an unambiguous transition between liquidlike and gaslike states. This is seen in the master plot showing a collapse of the data representing the dependence of specific heat on key dynamical parameters in the system for many different paths on the phase diagram. As a result, the observed transition is path-independent. We call it a "c"-transition due to the "c"-shaped curve parameterizing the dependence of the specific heat on key dynamical parameters. The "c"-transition has a fixed inversion point and provides a new structure to the phase diagram, operating deep in the supercritical state (up to at least 2000 times the critical pressure and 50 times the critical temperature). The data collapse and path independence as well as the existence of a special inversion point on the phase diagram are indicative of either of a sharp crossover or a new phase transition in the deeply supercritical state.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures
Bell inequalities and density matrix for polarization entangled photons out of a two-photon cascade in a single quantum dot
Creators: name: Larqué, Matthieu
name: Robert-Philip, Isabelle
name: Beveratos, Alexios
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically investigate the joint photodetection probabilities of the biexciton-exciton cascade in single semiconductor quantum dots and analytically derive the density matrix and the Bell's inequalities of the entangled state. Our model includes different mechanisms that may spoil or even destroy entanglement such as dephasing, energy splitting of the relay excitonic states and incoherent population exchange between these relay levels. We explicitly relate the fidelity of entanglement to the dynamics of these processes and derive a threshold for violation of Bell's inequalities. Applied to standard InAs/GaAs self-assembled quantum dots, our model indicates that spontaneous emission enhancement of the excitonic states by cavity effects increases the fidelity of entanglement to a value allowing for violation of Bell's inequalities.
description: Accepted Phys. Rev. A
Accurate Evolutions of Orbiting Black-Hole Binaries Without Excision
Creators: name: Campanelli, M.
name: Lousto, C. O.
name: Marronetti, P.
name: Zlochower, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new algorithm for evolving orbiting black-hole binaries that does not require excision or a corotating shift. Our algorithm is based on a novel technique to handle the singular puncture conformal factor. This system, based on the BSSN formulation of Einstein's equations, when used with a `pre-collapsed' initial lapse, is non-singular at the start of the evolution, and remains non-singular and stable provided that a good choice is made for the gauge. As a test case, we use this technique to fully evolve orbiting black-hole binaries from near the Innermost Stable Circular Orbit (ISCO) regime. We show fourth order convergence of waveforms and compute the radiated gravitational energy and angular momentum from the plunge. These results are in good agreement with those predicted by the Lazarus approach.
description: 4 pages, revtex4, 3 figs, references added, typos fixed
Dissipation bounds the amplification of transition rates far from equilibrium
Creators: name: Kuznets-Speck, Benjamin
name: Limmer, David T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Complex systems can convert energy imparted by nonequilibrium forces to regulate how quickly they transition between long lived states. While such behavior is ubiquitous in natural and synthetic systems, currently there is no general framework to relate the enhancement of a transition rate to the energy dissipated, or to bound the enhancement achievable for a given energy expenditure. We employ recent advances in statistical thermodynamics to build such a framework, which can be used to gain mechanistic insight on transitions far from equilibrium. We show that under general conditions, there is a basic speed-limit relating the typical excess heat dissipated throughout a transition and the rate amplification achievable. We illustrate this trade-off in canonical examples of diffusive barrier crossings in systems driven with autonomous and deterministic external forcing protocols. In both cases, we find that our speed limit tightly constrains the rate enhancement.
description: Main: 8 pages, 3 figures. Supplemental Material: 8 pages, 3 figures
An ab initio effective Hamiltonian for magnetism including longitudinal spin fluctuations
Creators: name: Shallcross, S.
name: Kissavos, A. E.
name: Meded, V.
name: Ruban, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the use of the magnetic force theorem (MFT) using different reference states upon which the perturbative approach is based. Using a disordered local moment (DLM) state one finds goo d Curie (or Neél) temperatures, and good energetics for planar spin spirals in the 3d magnets Fe, Co (fcc), Mn, Cr. On the other hand the ferromagnetic reference state provides excellent energetics for small $θ$ spin spirals in Fe, Co and Ni, and by extension magnon energies under the assumption of adiabacity. However, planar spin spiral energetics and transition temperatures for Ni, Fe, Mn, and Cr show worse agreement. The reasons for this, and for the case of fcc Co whe re both approaches work very well are discussed. We further provide an extension of the mapping of the quantum problem to include longitudinal fluctuations, and discuss the role they will play in magnetic phase transitions. This constru ction is tested using planar spin spirals where ${\bf q}$ is fixed but the moment is allowed to rel ax. It is demonstrated that results from the magnetic force theorem approach and directly calculated {\it ab initio} values agree very well.
Evaluating Changes in Cropping Patterns due to the 2003 CAP Reform. An Ex-post Analysis of Different PMP Approaches Considering New Activities
Creators: name: Blanco, Maria
name: Cortignani, Raffaele
name: Severini, Simone
name: Blanco, Maria
name: Cortignani, Raffaele
name: Severini, Simone
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: ex-post policy evaluation
subject: positive mathematical programming
subject: CAP reform

description: There is a growing interest on models able to anticipate farmers' response to agricultural and environmental policy changes. The Positive Mathematical Programming (PMP) method is being extensively used for evaluating the likely impacts of policy interventions. This paper evaluates the capability of three different PMP approaches to forecast changes in cropping patterns due to the 2003 CAP reform: the standard approach (Howitt 1995, Arfini and Paris 1995), the maximum entropy approach (Paris and Howitt 1998) and the Röhm and Dabbert approach (2003). However, neither of those approaches allows for activities non-observed in the base situation. An additional approach is therefore suggested to consider new activities already present in the post-reform situation. These approaches have been tested in an irrigated area of Central Italy. All models have been calibrated to the pre-reform situation and then the 2003 CAP reform has been simulated and model results have been compared with observed cropping patterns. Even if all models calibrate perfectly, response behaviour depends on the selected approach. Compared to the standard approach, the Röhm and Dabbert approach shows a too wide substitution between crops belonging to the same group; and the maximum entropy approach performs better only when prior information is considered. The extended PMP version proposed in this paper depicts a more realistic picture of post reform cropping patterns.
description: Replaced with revised version of paper 02/22/08.
Transcription of the narration of Reel #2 (collection LA 256)
Creators: name: Parker, Verdena
name: Spence, Justin
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: hup

description: Audio file VP-200317-02: transcription of VP-180317-06 (narration of Reel #2 from the LA 256 collection at SCOIL, one of six reels of 8mm film created by Verdena in the 1960s, featuring scenes of everyday life around Hoopa Valley as well as Brush Dances). From start to 3:07. Due to re-numbering, Reel #2 has been assigned the CLA item number LA 256.041.
Leaky Cell Model of Hard Spheres
Creators: name: Fai, Thomas G.
name: Taylor, Jamie M.
name: Virga, Epifanio G.
name: Zheng, Xiaoyu
name: Palffy-Muhoray, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study packings of hard spheres on lattices. The partition function, and therefore the pressure, may be written solely in terms of the accessible free volume, i.e. the volume of space that a sphere can explore without touching another sphere. We compute these free volumes using a leaky cell model, in which the accessible space accounts for the possibility that spheres may escape from the local cage of lattice neighbors. We describe how elementary geometry may be used to calculate the free volume exactly for this leaky cell model in two- and three-dimensional lattice packings and compare the results to the well-known Carnahan-Starling and Percus-Yevick liquid models. We provide formulas for the free volumes of various lattices and use the common tangent construction to identify several phase transitions between them in the leaky cell regime, indicating the possibility of coexistence in crystalline materials.
description: 18 pages, 10 figures
MARKET IMPERFECTIONS AND CLASS STRUCTURE: THE CASE OF SOUTH AFRICA
Creators: name: Lovo, Stefania
name: Lovo, Stefania
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: Industrial Organization
subject: International Development
subject: farm households
subject: market imperfections
subject: liquidity constraint

description: Land and market imperfections shape the organization of agricultural production and lead to different production regimes within rural farm households in South Africa. This paper presents a theoretical model to explain the presence of three main households groups (classes) determined on the basis of the labor regime adopted: small peasants (working both on and off farm), self cultivators (autarkic in labor) and hiring in households. Membership in the three categories is determined by the endogenous shadow wage and the effective market wages. A generalized ordered logit model is used to test the main predictions of the model. Market imperfections, which prevent household from accessing markets, are expected to have different impacts on heterogenous households; in this study, a Brant test on coefficient constancy helps to identify the household specific factors affecting market participation.
Fractional Boundaries for Fluid Spheres
Creators: name: Bayin, Selcuk
name: Glass, E. N.
name: Krisch, Jean P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A single Israel layer can be created when two metrics adjoin with no continuous metric derivative across the boundary. The properties of the layer depend only on the two metrics it separates. By using a fractional derivative match, a family of Israel layers can be created between the same two metrics. The family is indexed by the order of the fractional derivative. The method is applied to Tolman IV and V interiors and a Schwarzschild vacuum exterior. The method creates new ranges of modeling parameters for fluid spheres. A thin shell analysis clarifies pressure/tension in the family of boundary layers.
description: to appear in J. Math. Phys
MPEC 2024-A87 : 2024 AX1
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2024 AX1

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Spatially explicit farming system modelling for an efficient agri-environmental policy design
Creators: name: Havlik, Petr
name: Bamiére, Laure
name: Jacquet, Florence
name: Millet, Guy
name: Havlik, Petr
name: Bamiére, Laure
name: Jacquet, Florence
name: Millet, Guy
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Biodiversity
subject: spatial optimization
subject: mathematical programming
subject: agri-environmental policies
subject: Tetrax tetrax

description: A mathematical programming model is developed and associated to a spatial pattern index (Ripley L-function) to analyse the optimal reserve design and implementation for the Little Bustard conservation in Plaine de Niort. The model structure corresponds to three spatial levels, fields, farm and landscape. Simple in terms of area representation it is detailed in term of farm behaviour and spatially explicit. The model is applied in a normative and in a positive way. The major findings of the normative approach relate to the trade-offs between the reserve pattern and its cost. It was found that the environmentally optimal reserve, which is randomly dispersed across the zone, is the most costly one. Within the positive approach, it is illustrated that the various reserve patterns generated within the normative approach can be obtained through relatively simple uniform contract structures. The most effective contract structure is a degressive set of two payments enabling all the farms to enrol at least a small share of their land.
New kind of asymmetric integration projection operators constructed by entangled state representations and parity measurement
Creators: name: Wang, S.
name: Wang, Z. P.
name: Zhang, J. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By means of the technique of integration within an ordered product of operators and Dirac notation, we introduce a new kind of asymmetric integration projection operators in entangled state representations. These asymmetric projection operators are proved to be the Hermitian operator. Then, we rigorously demonstrate that they correspond to a parity measurement combined with a beam splitter when any two-mode quantum state passes through such device. Therefore we obtain a new relation between a Hermitian operator and the entangled state representation. As applications, we recover the previous results of the parity measurement in quantum metrology by our formalism.
description: 6 pages, 1 figure
Correlated Wishart Matrices and Critical Horizons
Creators: name: Burda, Zdzislaw
name: Goerlich, Andrzej
name: Jurkiewicz, Jerzy
name: Waclaw, Bartlomiej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss a practical method to determine the eigenvalue spectrum of the empirical correlation matrix. The method is based on the analysis of the behavior of a conformal map at a critical horizon which is defined as a border line of the physical Riemann sheet of this map. The map is a convenient representation of the Marčenko-Pastur equation.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Multiphase region of helimagnetic superlattices at low temperature in an extended six-state clock model
Creators: name: Lovelady, D. C.
name: Harper, H. M.
name: Brodsky, I. E.
name: Rabson, D. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The variety of magnetic phases observed in rare-earth heterostructures at low temperatures \cite{Jehan}, such as Ho/Y, may be elucidated by an ANNNI-like model Hamiltonian. In previous work modelling bulk Ho \cite{Seno}, such a Hamiltonian with a one-dimensional parameter space produced a single multiphase point. In contrast, the parameter space of the heterostructure model is three-dimensional, and instead of an isolated multiphase point, we find two-dimensional multiphase regions. In an example of Villain's ``order from disorder'' \cite{Villain80a,Villain91}, an infinitesimal temperature breaks the ground-state degeneracy. In first order of a low-temperature expansion, we find that the degeneracy is broken everywhere in a multiphase region except on a line. A segment of the line appears to remain multiphase to all orders in a low-temperature expansion when the number $L$ of magnetic layers between non-magnetic spacers is 4 but not for other values of $L$. For L=4, the hierarchy of phases more closely resembles that in the ANNNI model than in the bulk six-state clock model on which the present model is based.
description: Latex, 16 pages, 3 figures Revision: expanded appendix and discussion of implications; new figures; now published
EU-wide spatial down-scaling of results of regional economic models to analyze environmental impacts
Creators: name: Britz, Wolfgang
name: Britz, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Spatial dis-aggregation
subject: agri-environmental indicators

description: Major environmental indicators require data at a spatial resolution below administrative units as found in economic models. The CAPRI-Dynaspat project added spatial results for EU27 to the CAPRI model allowing for linkage to bio-physical models and calculation of novel indicators. The layer consists of clusters of 1x1 km cells exhausting the agricultural area, uniform in soil parameters, slope class, land cover and administrative unit. Crop and irrigation shares, stocking densities and yields are estimated per cluster along with intermediate input demand including crop specific fertilizer application rates. Those estimates drive statistically estimated meta-models from the bio-physical crop growth model DNDC to derive the nitrogen and water cycle. Indicator calculators allow estimating further impacts as e.g. different gaseous emissions or economic performance of agriculture. The results are available for the base year, for projection or scenario results, thus allowing analyzing environmental impacts in a spatial context.
Trace Impurity Transport in Multi-Species Plasmas with Large Particle Fluxes
Creators: name: Mitra, E. Litvinova
name: Kolmes, E. J.
name: Ochs, I. E.
name: Mlodik, M. E.
name: Rubin, T.
name: Fisch, N. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A burning fusion plasma has a large inwards flux of fuel and outwards flux of ash. Existing impurity transport theories do not account for a steady-state environment of such large fluxes. In this paper, we extend classical transport theory to account for a background of such fluxes. In a mainly two-ion species magnetized plasma, with oppositely directed density gradients maintained by oppositely directed sources of the two species, trace impurity ions are shown to align with the larger mass ions. This unexpected behavior is derived analytically and simulated numerically using the MITNS (Multiple-Ion Transport Numerical Solver) code. The result suggests a potential advantage of edge-fueled p-B11 fusion in extracting high-Z impurities, and possible applications in plasma-based separation methods.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures
Price effects of an emissions trading scheme in New Zealand
Creators: name: Lennox, James A.
name: Andrew, Robbie
name: Forgie, V.
name: Lennox, James A.
name: Andrew, Robbie
name: Forgie, V.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: emissions trading
subject: input-output price model
subject: agricultural greenhouse gases

description: Implementation of a New Zealand Emission Trading Scheme (NZ ETS) will begin in 2008, beginning with forestry, subsequently including energy and industrial emissions, and finally, agricultural GHGs from 2013. Reducing agricultural emissions is a major challenge for New Zealand as they account for over half its total GHG emissions. On the other hand, agriculture is critical to the economy, with its basic and processed products accounting for a third of exports. We use an environmental input-output model to analyse direct and indirect cost impacts of emissions pricing on food and fibre sectors. At NZ $25/t CO₂-eq, costs of energy-related emissions on the food and fibre sectors are very small; however, costs of agricultural emissions post 2013 would substantially impact on sheep, beef and dairy farming. Costeffective mitigation measures and land use changes should help reduce micro- and macroeconomic impacts, but the latter may also risk 'emissions leakage'.
Electron-Phonon Interactions in Flat Band Systems
Creators: name: Feng, Chunhan
name: Scalettar, Richard T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Existing Quantum Monte Carlo studies have investigated the properties of fermions on a Lieb (CuO$_2$) lattice interacting with an on-site, or near-neighbor electron-electron coupling. Attention has focused on the interplay of such interactions with the macroscopic degeneracy of local zero energy modes, from which Bloch states can be formed to produce a flat band in which energy is independent of momentum. The resulting high density of states, in combination with the Stoner criterion, suggests that there should be pronounced instabilities to ordered phases. Indeed, a theorem by Lieb rigorously establishes the existence of ferrimagnetic order. Here we study the charge density wave phases induced by electron-phonon coupling on the Lieb lattice, as opposed to previous work on electron-electron interactions. Our key result is the demonstration of charge density wave (CDW) phases at one-third and two-thirds fillings, characterized by long-range density density correlations between doubly occupied sites on the minority or majority sublattice, and an accompanying gap. We also compute the transition temperature to the ordered phase as a function of the electron-phonon coupling.
The wave function of $[\bf{70},1^-]$ baryons in the $1/N_c$ expansion
Creators: name: Matagne, N.
name: Stancu, Fl.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Much work has been devoted to the study of nonstrange baryons belonging to the $[\textbf{70},1^-]$ multiplet in the framework of the $1/N_c$ expansion. Using group theoretical arguments here we examine the relation between the exact wave function and the approximate one, customarily used in applications where the system is separated into a ground state core and an excited quark. We show that the exact and approximate wave functions globally give similar results for all of mass operators presented in this work. However we find that the inclusion of operators acting separately on the core and on the excited quark deteriorates the fit and leads to unsatisfactory values for the coefficients which encode the quark dynamics. Much better results are obtained when we include operators acting on the whole system, both for the exact and the approximate wave function.
description: 18 pages, 9 tables, 1 section added (mixing angles), minor changes in the abstract and the conclusions, to be published in Phys. Rev. D
THE CAP AND THE AUSTRIAN AGRICULTURAL SECTOR: IMPACTS OF POSSIBLE FUTURE MILK MARKET REGULATIONS
Creators: name: Tribl, Christoph
name: Tribl, Christoph
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: 2003 CAP reform
subject: milk quota
subject: mathematical programming
subject: Austria

description: The European milk market is regulated by a quota system, which is limited by March 2015 for the time being. Using Austrian FADN data and applying a mathematical programming model, the impact of the CAP reform on Austrian farms with milk quota endowments as well as the impact of future milk market regulations after 2015 will be analysed. Possible options include either a continuation of the quota system or its abolishment. The model simulations show that in the scenario referring to 2008 most farms are better off due to the Austrian implementation of the CAP reform compared to a pre-reform situation. Whether farms are better off with or without a milk quota system in 2015 depends on the assumed level of the milk price. However, smaller farms are, on average, better off without a quota regulation.
Hyperfine anomaly in Be isotopes in the cluster model and the neutron spatial distribution
Creators: name: Parfenova, Y. L.
name: Leclercq-Willain, Ch.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The study of the hyperfine anomaly of neutron rich nuclei, in particular, neutron halo nuclei, can give a very specific and unique way to measure their neutron distribution and confirm a halo structure. The hyperfine structure anomaly in Be+ ions is calculated with a realistic electronic wave function, obtained as a solution of the Dirac equation. In the calculations, the Coulomb potential modified by the charge distribution of the clustered nucleus and three electrons in the 1s^2 2s configuration is used. The nuclear wave function is obtained in the core+nucleon model of 9,11Be. The aim of this study is to test whether the hyperfine structure anomaly reflects a halo structure in 11Be.
description: 8 pages, 1 figure
Results of a Search for Cold Flows of Dark Matter Axions
Creators: name: Duffy, L.
name: Sikivie, P.
name: Tanner, D. B.
name: Asztalos, S.
name: Hagmann, C.
name: Kinion, D.
name: Rosenberg, L. J
name: van Bibber, K.
name: Yu, D.
name: Bradley, R. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Theoretical arguments predict that the distribution of cold dark matter in spiral galaxies has peaks in velocity space associated with non-thermalized flows of dark matter particles. We searched for the corresponding peaks in the spectrum of microwave photons from axion to photon conversion in the cavity detector of dark matter axions. We found none and place limits on the density of any local flow of axions as a function of the flow velocity dispersion over the axion mass range 1.98 to 2.17 $μ$eV.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Gravity with Perimeter Action and Gravitational Singularities
Creators: name: Savvidy, George
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the perturbation of the Schwarzschild solution by the perimeter action. The asymptotic behaviour of the solution at infinity and at the horizon are calculated and analysed in the first approximation. The perturbation is characterised by the ratio of the Plank length to the Schwarzschild radius. It is demonstrated that in the modified theory appear space-time regions of the Schwarzschild radius scale that are unreachable by test particles. These regions are located in the places where standard theory of gravity has singularities.
description: 16 pages, 3 figures, the references and an extended note are added
Atomic Josephson vortex
Creators: name: Kaurov, V. M.
name: Kuklov, A. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that Josephson vortices in a quasi-1D atomic Bose Josephson junction can be controllably manipulated by imposing a difference of chemical potentials on the atomic BEC waveguides forming the junction. This effect, which has its origin in the Berry phase structure of a vortex, turns out to be very robust in the whole range of the parameters where such vortices can exist. We also propose that a Josephson vortex can be created by the phase imprinting technique and can be identified by a specific tangential feature in the interference picture produced by expanding clouds released from the waveguides.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures, revtex4, submitted to Phys. Rev. A, title and abstract changed, old sections revised, new sections added, references added
INCORPORATING BIOFUELS INTO A PARTIAL EQUILIBRIUM MODEL OF THE EU AGRICULTURAL SECTOR
Creators: name: Binfield, Julian C.R.
name: Westhoff, Patrick C.
name: Le Cadre, Elodie
name: Binfield, Julian C.R.
name: Westhoff, Patrick C.
name: Le Cadre, Elodie
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Biofuels
subject: partial equilibrium model
subject: agricultural sector
subject: EU policy

description: The impact of increased consumption of biofuels on agricultural markets has already been substantial, and will increase further as countries around the world seek to expand the proportion of their energy that they get from renewable sources. Models of the agricultural sector must therefore include some consideration of the demand for agricultural products for biofuels and the byproducts that are produced as part of the production process that are returned to the agricultural sector. In this paper the method of introducing biofuels into the FAPRI GOLD (grains, oilseeds, livestock and dairy) model is discussed. A scenario is run whereby the EU is assumed to introduce a binding 10% target by 2020 and the results are discussed in order to illustrate the workings of the model. The modelling effort is ongoing and planned work is discussed. The aim of the paper is to highlight major issues in building a model of this type.
Breaking of Coulomb blockade by macrospin-assisted tunneling
Creators: name: Ludwig, Tim
name: Duine, Rembert A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A magnet with precessing magnetization pumps a spin current into adjacent leads. As a special case of this spin pumping, a precessing macrospin (magnetization) can assist electrons in tunneling. In small systems, however, the Coulomb blockade effect can block the transport of electrons. Here, we investigate the competition between macrospin-assisted tunneling and Coulomb blockade for the simplest system where both effects meet; namely, for a single tunnel junction between a normal metal and a metallic ferromagnet with precessing magnetization. By combining Fermi's golden rule with magnetization dynamics and charging effects, we show that the macrospin-assisted tunneling can soften or even break the Coulomb blockade. The details of these effects -- softening and breaking of Coulomb blockade -- depend on the macrospin dynamics. This allows, for example, to measure the macrospin dynamics via a system's current-voltage characteristics. It also allows to control a spin current electrically. From a general perspective, our results provide a platform for the interplay between spintronics and electronics on the mesoscopic scale. We expect our work to provide a basis for the study of Coulomb blockade in more complicated spintronic systems.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures
Retelling of Reel #6 (collection LA 256)
Creators: name: Parker, Verdena
name: Spence, Justin
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: hup

description: Audio and video files VP-190317-11: Verdena retells what she saw in Reel #6 from the LA 256 collection at SCOIL in Hupa (one of six reels of 8mm film created by Verdena in the 1960s, featuring scenes of everyday life around Hoopa Valley as well as Brush Dances). Due to re-numbering, Reel #6 has been assigned the CLA item number LA256.045.