cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Chemistry in Motion: Tiny Synthetic Motors
Creators: name: Colberg, Peter H.
name: Reigh, Shang Yik
name: Robertson, Bryan
name: Kapral, Raymond
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this Account, we describe how synthetic motors that operate by self-diffusiophoresis make use of a self-generated concentration gradient to drive motor motion. A description of propulsion by self-diffusiophoresis is presented for Janus particle motors comprising catalytic and noncatalytic faces. The properties of the dynamics of chemically powered motors are illustrated by presenting the results of particle-based simulations of sphere-dimer motors constructed from linked catalytic and noncatalytic spheres. The geometries of both Janus and sphere-dimer motors with asymmetric catalytic activity support the formation of concentration gradients around the motors. Because directed motion can occur only when the system is not in equilibrium, the nature of the environment and the role it plays in motor dynamics are described. Rotational Brownian motion also acts to limit directed motion, and it has especially strong effects for very small motors. We address the following question: how small can motors be and still exhibit effects due to propulsion, even if only to enhance diffusion? Synthetic motors have the potential to transform the manner in which chemical dynamical processes are carried out for a wide range of applications.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures
Pierre Félicien Thébault (1820-1896) und Ernestine Thébault, verheiratete Laurent (1845-1901) an Charles David Mayer-Eymar (1826-1907)
Creators: name: Thébault, Pierre Félicien
name: Laurent-Thébault, Ernestine
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1867

description: Brief aus Rennes
Conformal structure of singularities in some varying fundamental constants bimetric cosmologies
Creators: name: Marosek, Konrad
name: Balcerzak, Adam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we explore the conformal structure of singularities arising from varying fundamental constants using the method of Penrose diagrams. We employ a specific type of bimetric model featuring two different metrics. One metric describes the causal structure for matter, while the other characterizes the causal structure for gravitational interactions, which is related to variations in fundamental constants such as the gravitational constant and the speed of light. For this reason, we focused on the gravitational metric to calculate the conformal transformation and compose Penrose diagrams for the singularities arising from the varying fundamental constants. We have shown that, in one case, the parameter such as the scale factor, the density and the pressure resemble those of the finite scale factor singularity (FSF). Despite singularity appears in constant conformal time in our case and in the case of FSF the Misner-Sharp horizon looks different. Our another case is similar to sudden future singularity (SFS), but there are differences in the conformal structures. We have also shown that in our cases the behavior of Misner-Sharp horizon strongly depends on initial conditions. The last analytical solution which we introduced is identical to conformal structure of the standard exotic singularity for the matter.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures
Understanding the construct and measure of job performance over time
Creators: name: Shim, Hanbo
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2022

description: In the present study, I propose a multilevel model of dynamic performance in which the short-term behaviors of performance dimensions emerge as mean, trend, and variation over the long-term and influence long-term ratings of the performance dimensions and overall job performance. Specifically, I examine (1) how each dimension of performance unfolds in terms of mean, trend and variation from the short to the long-term, (2) how one’s self-control capacity state influences the behaviors of each dimension at the short-term within-individual level, (3) how performance-identity discrepancies influence the dynamic factors of performance dimensions over the subsequent long-term period, and (4) how the dynamic factors of performance dimensions relate to the long-term evaluations of the dimensions which in turn compose the overall job performance rating for each long-term timeframe. To test the theoretical model, I collected longitudinal panel data from the 58 supervisors and their 733 product designers at a large auto-manufacturing firm in South Korea over 30 weeks. The main results of the study reveal different patterns of relationships between the dynamic factors of each performance dimension and the long-term rating of each dimension as well as the overall job performance rating. I discuss the implications for theory and practice on dynamic performance and offer future research directions.
Effects of anisotropy in an anisotropic extension of $w$CDM model
Creators: name: Yadav, Vikrant
name: Yadav, Santosh Kumar
name: Rajpal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we derive observational constraints on an anisotropic $w$CDM model from observational data including Baryonic Acoustic Oscillations (BAOs), Cosmic Chronometer (CC), Big Bang Nucleosynthesis (BBN), Pantheon Plus (PP) compilation of Type Ia supernovae, and SH0ES Cepheid host distance anchors. We find that anisotropy is of the order $10^{-13}$, and its presence in the $w$CDM model reduces $H_0$ tension by $\sim 2σ$ and $\sim 1σ$ in the analyses with BAO+CC+BBN+PP and BAO+CC+BBN+PPSH0ES data combinations, respectively. In both analyses, the quintessence form of dark energy is favored at 95\% CL.
description: 15 pages, 6 figures, 4 tables. Minor corrections and a subsection of statistical model comparison is added. Matches with the published version of journal
Syntactic bootstrapping in the adjectival domain: learning subjective adjectives
Creators: name: Gotowski, Megan
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2022

description: How do children learn the meaning of words like “pretty” and “tall,” which are not only gradable and context dependent (Kennedy & McNally 2005), but encode speaker subjectivity? Despite their complex semantics (Stephenson 2007; Lasersohn 2009; Bylinina 2014), these and other adjectives like them, are some of the most frequently produced adjectives by children and their caregivers. How do children map the right meaning to these adjectives early in language acquisition? In this dissertation, I present the results of a corpus-based analysis of ambient language, and a word learning experiment using an adapted human simulation paradigm (Gillette et al. 1999) with scripted dialogues (Yuan & Fisher 2009; Arunachalam & Waxman 2010) demonstrating the influence of the syntactic environment in which these adjectives appear. Although previous literature has extensively explored syntactic bootstrapping in the verbal domain (Landau & Gleitman 1985; Gleitman 1990; among many others), few researchers have extended it to adjectives (Syrett & Lidz 2010; Becker 2015). Here I push this frame- work further within the adjectival domain, investigating it through the lens of subjective adjectives. I focus on five subclasses (TOUGH, SMART, PRETTY, TASTY, TALL). While they share overlapping properties, each is distinguished by a unique syntactic signature. Corpus results indicate distributional differences among adjectival subcategories, indicating that they pattern in predictable ways in the input. In the word learning experiment, participants were presented with a set of syntactic frames, with each set corresponding to one of the five classes, and asked to provide the meaning for a novel adjective along with their confidence level. Participants either responded incrementally after each frame or after all of the frames had been presented. They not only displayed an awareness of how syntactic frames narrowed the potential meaning for each adjective, but participants in the incremental conditions performed significantly better than those in the conditions in which they guessed after the frame set, and became more confident as they received more frames. Based on these results, I propose that adjectival (sub-)categories are assigned probabilities that shift as a function of data encountered that is either consistent or inconsistent with a particular categorization (Reiger & Gahl 2004; Yang 2002). Frames are weighted according to their relative informativity. As learners encounter more frames, they gradually update their hypothesis space, and ultimately assess the entire cluster of frames, consistent with previous proposals by (Naigles 1996; Mintz 2003) for verbs.
Analysis of TWIST1’s role in meningeal and cortical development
Creators: name: Ho-Nguyen, Khue Tu
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2022

description: Meningeal development and cortical development are intertwined processes. We previously reported hypoplastic meningeal development in a Twist1 mouse model of craniosynostosis, a skull malformation with high instances of neurodevelopmental delays even with early surgical interventions. It is unknown how the loss of Twist1 loss meningeal development and whether Twist1 loss has a secondary effect on neurodevelopment. In my work, I show that the loss of Twist1 in the mesenchyme and meninges leads to a decrease in proliferation of these cells, particularly in the dorsolateral forebrain. Changes to early meningeal development caused by Twist loss has a profound effect on corticogenesis, in which the dorsolateral cortex develops cortical folding structures resembling gyrification during late corticogenesis that persists into adulthood, giving a normally smooth mouse brain an abnormally bumpy appearance. Embryonic cortical folding develops independent of neural progenitor proliferation and have abnormal neuronal distribution in the radial direction, with higher propensity to be closer to the pia. The early appearance of gyrus/sulcus is temporally correlated with a localized reduction in meningeal retinoic acid signaling at E16.5. Maternal supplementation of retinoic acid partially rescues the macroscopic bumps associated with loss of Twist1 in the meninges. Taken together, my results show that Twist1’s role in meningeal proliferation is important to normal cortical development and contributes to the maintenance of secondary lissencephaly in mice.
Hyperbolic Metamaterials with Bragg Polaritons
Creators: name: Sedov, Evgeny S.
name: Iorsh, I. V.
name: Arakelian, S. M.
name: Alodjants, A. P.
name: Kavokin, Alexey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a novel mechanism for designing quantum hyperbolic metamaterials with use of semi-conductor Bragg mirrors containing periodically arrangedquantum wells. The hyperbolic dispersion of exciton-polariton modes is realized near the top of the first allowed photonic miniband in such structure which leads to formation of exciton-polariton X-waves. Exciton-light coupling provides a resonant non-linearity which leads to non-trivial topologic solutions. We predict formation of low amplitude spatially localized oscillatory structures: oscillons described by kink shaped solutions of the effective Ginzburg-Landau-Higgs equation. The oscillons have direct analogies in the gravita-tional theory. We discuss implementation of exciton-polariton Higgs fields for the Schrodinger cat state generation.
Spin-torsion coupling and gravitational moments of Dirac fermions: theory and experimental bounds
Creators: name: Obukhov, Yuri N.
name: Silenko, Alexander J.
name: Teryaev, Oleg V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the quantum dynamics of the Dirac fermion particle in a gauge gravitational field. The minimal as well as the Pauli-type nonminimal coupling of a fermion with external fields is studied, bringing into consideration the notions of the translational and the Lorentz gravitational moments. The anomalous gravitomagnetic and gravitoelectric moments are ruled out on the basis of the covariance arguments. We derive the general Foldy-Wouthuysen transformation for an arbitrary configuration of the gauge gravitational field without assuming it weak. Making use of the Foldy-Wouthuysen Hamiltonian for the Dirac particle coupled to magnetic field in a noninertial reference system, we analyze the recent experimental data and obtain bounds on the spacetime torsion.
description: 13 pages, no figures, Revtex
Additional file 1 of The diversity of bronze production technologies during the Eastern Zhou dynasty revealed by analysis of slags from the Baidian and Xincun sites in Central China
Creators: name: Wang, Cong
name: Gao, Zhenlong
name: Wang, Qingzhu
name: Gao, Jun
name: Wang, Quanyu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1.
Tetrahedron equation, Weyl group, and quantum dilogarithm
Creators: name: Bytsko, Andrei
name: Volkov, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 20G42, 16K20, 16T25

description: We derive a family of solutions to the tetrahedron equation using the RTT presentation of a two parametric quantized algebra of regular functions on an upper triangular subgroup of GL(n). The key ingredients of the construction are the longest element of the Weyl group, the quantum dilogarithm function, and central elements of the quantized division algebra of rational functions on the subgroup in question.
description: 15 pages, LaTex; minor changes, corrected typos
Additional file 2 of Attitudes and concerns of undergraduate university health sciences students in Croatia regarding complete switch to e-learning during COVID-19 pandemic: a survey
Creators: name: Puljak, Livia
name: Čivljak, Marta
name: Haramina, Ana
name: Snježana Mališa
name: Čavić, Dalibor
name: Klinec, Dinko
name: Aranza, Diana
name: Mesarić, Jasna
name: Nataša Skitarelić
name: Zoranić, Sanja
name: Majstorović, Dijana
name: Neuberg, Marijana
name: Štefica Mikšić
name: Ivanišević, Kata
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2: Table S1. Response rate in each institution.
A design intervention to reduce online incivility
Creators: name: Park, Jinkyung
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2022

description: Despite the potential of online spaces for the democratic development of public discourse, concerns over aggressive and uncivil interactions in those spaces are rising. Online incivility is the term to define the features of a discussion that convey an unnecessarily disrespectful tone toward the participants or the topic. Concerning the adverse impact of online incivility on users, we sought to explore ways to reduce online incivility to promote secure and trustworthy online debate culture. Meanwhile, the web is becoming increasingly multimodal, and images are known to be effective in improving emotions. The broaden-and-build theory of positive emotions suggested that generated positive emotions may impact incivility levels. To help reduce online incivility, we conducted a one factorial between-subject online experiment with three conditions (N = 105). We compared the three background images (positive, neutral, and baseline) embedded in online discussion forums to identify an efficient way of reducing online incivility. The data gathered from surveys and participants’ online comments were qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed to answer the research questions. The results showed that not only positive background images but also neutral background images may be effective in reducing online incivility. Given that the neutral background image was less likely to be recognized by the participants in this study, embedding neutral background images could be an unobtrusive yet effective strategy to reduce uncivil conversations on online discussion forums. The results will pave way for designing more civil discussion platforms in online settings.
Appendix S1. Supplementary information from Top predator restricts the niche breadth of prey: effects of assisted colonization of Tasmanian devils on a widespread omnivorous prey
Creators: name: Scoleri, Vincent P.
name: Ingram, Janeane
name: Johnson, Christopher N.
name: Jones, Menna E.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60102 Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 10202 Biological Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Few landscape-scale experiments test the effects of predators on the abundance and distribution of prey across habitat gradients. We use the assisted colonization of a top predator, the Tasmanian devil (Sarcophilus harrisii), to test the impacts of predation on the abundance, habitat use and temporal activity of a widespread prey species, the omnivorous common brushtail possum (Trichosurus vulpecula). Before introduction of devils to Maria Island, Tasmania, Australia, in 2012, possums were abundant in open grasslands as well as forests. Predation by devils caused high mortality of possums in grasslands, but individuals with access to trees had a higher survival probability. Possum abundance declined across the whole island from 2012–2016, as possums disappeared almost completely from grasslands and declined in drier forests with more open understorey. Abundance remained stable in wet forests, which are not preferred habitat for possums but provide better refuge from devils. Abundance and habitat use of possums remained unchanged at a control site on the adjacent Tasmanian mainland, where the devil population was low and stable. This study demonstrates how spatial variation in predator-caused mortality can limit both abundance and habitat breadth in generalist prey species, excluding them entirely from certain habitats.
Additional file 1 of Attitudes and concerns of undergraduate university health sciences students in Croatia regarding complete switch to e-learning during COVID-19 pandemic: a survey
Creators: name: Puljak, Livia
name: Čivljak, Marta
name: Haramina, Ana
name: Snježana Mališa
name: Čavić, Dalibor
name: Klinec, Dinko
name: Aranza, Diana
name: Mesarić, Jasna
name: Nataša Skitarelić
name: Zoranić, Sanja
name: Majstorović, Dijana
name: Neuberg, Marijana
name: Štefica Mikšić
name: Ivanišević, Kata
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Survey used in the study.
Pierre Félicien Thébault (1820-1896) und Ernestine Thébault, verheiratete Laurent (1845-1901) an Charles David Mayer-Eymar (1826-1907)
Creators: name: Thébault, Pierre Félicien
name: Laurent-Thébault, Ernestine
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1870

description: Brief aus Rennes
Additional file 7 of Attitudes and concerns of undergraduate university health sciences students in Croatia regarding complete switch to e-learning during COVID-19 pandemic: a survey
Creators: name: Puljak, Livia
name: Čivljak, Marta
name: Haramina, Ana
name: Snježana Mališa
name: Čavić, Dalibor
name: Klinec, Dinko
name: Aranza, Diana
name: Mesarić, Jasna
name: Nataša Skitarelić
name: Zoranić, Sanja
name: Majstorović, Dijana
name: Neuberg, Marijana
name: Štefica Mikšić
name: Ivanišević, Kata
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 7: Table S6. Students’ suggestions/comments for compensating the students for their lack of practical education (N = 886). Responses given by more than 10 students are shown in detail.
title: Parlamentarische Räume : Räume der Repräsentation
Creators: name: Yfanti, Eleni-Ariadni
Year: 2021

description: Ziel dieser Masterarbeit ist es, Prozesse und Tendenzen der Konstruktion der Re-präsentationsräume von Staatssystemen, den Parlamenten, am Beispiel zweier ausge-wählter Parlamentsgebäude, des österreichischen und des griechischen, zu untersuchen. Anhand raum- und medienwissenschaftlicher Theorien wird erläutert, in welchem histori-schen Kontext und unter welchen ideologisch-politischen Konstruktionen diese Bauten entworfen wurden. Die Entstehung des Nationalrates in Wien spiegelt den Kampf zwi-schen der damals neu entstandenen Macht des Bürgertums und der alten Monarchie wie-der. Seine Wahrnehmung als „architektonisches Juwel“ stellt ein Zeichen für die nostal-gische Erinnerung an die „goldene“ Vergangenheit der Habsburgischen Monarchie dar, die sowohl das alltägliche als auch das wirtschaftliche Leben des Landes immer noch prägt. Seit seiner Errichtung als königliche Residenz 1843 und Träger der Verstärkung einer neuen nationalen Identität für das Land bis zu den Jahren der Wirtschaftskrise wird das griechische Parlament als ein Symbol der Korruption und des politischen Klientelis-mus betrachtet. Schließlich wird die Frage gestellt, inwieweit diese Bauten, die Bevölke-rungen ihrer Länder noch immer repräsentieren oder immer noch veraltete politische My-thologien aus der Zeit vergangener Monarchien erzählen.
description: Purpose of this master thesis is to examine under which political and ideological context today’s places of state representation, namely parliamentary buildings, have been designed and built. Drawing resources from Space and Media Studies two specific exam-ples are taken into consideration, these of the Austrian and the Greek Parliament. The construction of the Austrian Parliament 1883 reflects the conflict between the monarchy and the newly rising power of the Bourgeoisie. Its perception in the eyes of the modern Austrian public as an architectural masterpiece marks the nostalgic memory of the “gold-en” Habsburg past, that still has an impact upon the country’s citizens on economical and quotidian level. Since its establishment in 1843 as the official royal residence and a sym-bol of the newly founded unifying national identity to the years of the economic crisis the Greek Parliament is today a synonym for corruption and political clientelism. Concluding the question is being posed of whether contemporary parliamentary buildings are repre-sentative for their peoples today or do they tell the story of old political mythologies from the time of the monarchy.
Additional file 3 of Attitudes and concerns of undergraduate university health sciences students in Croatia regarding complete switch to e-learning during COVID-19 pandemic: a survey
Creators: name: Puljak, Livia
name: Čivljak, Marta
name: Haramina, Ana
name: Snježana Mališa
name: Čavić, Dalibor
name: Klinec, Dinko
name: Aranza, Diana
name: Mesarić, Jasna
name: Nataša Skitarelić
name: Zoranić, Sanja
name: Majstorović, Dijana
name: Neuberg, Marijana
name: Štefica Mikšić
name: Ivanišević, Kata
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 3: Table S2. Rating the e-learning experience.
Spontaneous assembly of condensate networks during the demixing of structured fluids
Creators: name: Morimitsu, Yuma
name: Browne, Christopher A.
name: Liu, Zhe
name: Severino, Paul G.
name: Gopinadhan, Manesh
name: Sirota, Eric B.
name: Altintas, Ozcan
name: Edmond, Kazem V.
name: Osuji, Chinedum O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Liquid-liquid phase separation, whereby two liquids spontaneously demix, is ubiquitous in industrial, environmental, and biological processes. While isotropic fluids are known to condense into spherical droplets in the binodal region, these dynamics are poorly understood for structured fluids. Here, we report the novel observation of condensate networks, which spontaneously assemble during the demixing of a mesogen from a solvent. Condensing mesogens form rapidly-elongating filaments, rather than spheres, to relieve distortion of a simultaneously-forming internal smectic mesophase. As filaments densify, they collapse into bulged discs, lowering the elastic free energy. Additional distortion is relieved by retraction of filaments into the bulged discs, which are straightened under tension to form a ramified network. Understanding and controlling these dynamics may provide new avenues to direct pattern formation or template materials.
Pierre Félicien Thébault (1820-1896) an Charles David Mayer-Eymar (1826-1907)
Creators: name: Thébault, Pierre Félicien
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1870

description: Brief aus Rennes.
Zusätzlich auf der Rückseite notiert: Notizen von Charles David Mayer-Eymar
First records of the species Grammatorcynus bilineatus at the Chesterfield-Bellona reef complex in the Coral Sea Marine Park
Creators: name: Pelletier, Dominique
name: Powell, Abigail
name: Roman, William
name: Carpentier, Liliane
Publisher: name: Ifremer
Year: 2021

description: The Chesterfield-Bellona atolls and reefs are a vast reef complex located in the Coral Sea Marine Park, established in 2014 in the New Caledonian Economic Exclusive Zone. In 2013, the New Caledonia government supported the first assessment of fish and benthic habitats conducted over the entire area. The assessment provided a primary knowledge base for establishing the importance of these atolls in terms of biodiversity and fished resources. This comprehensive survey relied on an unbaited underwater video technique that enabled to collect 185 successful camera drops distributed over all shallow habitats in the atolls. Video analysis revealed 18 fish species that had not been previously reported in this area. These included commercially important species: two species of snapper (Lutjanus monostigma and Lutjanus rivulatus) and an emperor (Lethrinus atkinsoni). Most of the new species observed displayed relatively low occurrences (< 5 individuals over 185 camera drops). They were observed in three habitats: i) live coral-dominated; ii) debris-dominated; and iii) sandy bottoms. Reference of the survey: CHESTERFIELD-BELLONA 2013: http://dx.doi.org/10.17600/18002030
Félicité Puymori-Mayer (1815-1892) und Louis Léonard Puymori (1810-1885) an Charles David Mayer-Eymar (1826-1907)
Creators: name: Puymori, Louis Léonard
name: Puymori-Mayer, Elisa Félicité
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1860

description: Brief aus Le Ripault, Monts
Search for 100 MeV to 10 GeV gamma-ray lines in the Fermi-LAT data and implications for gravitino dark matter in the $μν$SSM
Creators: name: Albert, Andrea
name: Gomez-Vargas, German A.
name: Grefe, Michael
name: Munoz, Carlos
name: Weniger, Christoph
name: Bloom, Elliott D.
name: Charles, Eric
name: Mazziotta, Mario N.
name: Morselli, Aldo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dark matter decay or annihilation may produce monochromatic signals in the gamma-ray energy range. In this work we argue that there are strong theoretical motivations for studying these signals in the framework of gravitino dark matter decay and we perform a search for gamma-ray spectral lines from 100\,MeV to 10\,GeV with Fermi-LAT data. In contrast to previous line searches at higher energies, the sensitivity of the present search is dominated by systematic uncertainties across most of the energy range considered. We estimate the size of systematic effects by analysing the flux from a number of control regions, and include the systematic uncertainties consistently in our fitting procedure. We have not observed any significant signals and present model-independent limits on gamma-ray line emission from decaying and annihilating dark matter. We apply the former limits to the case of the gravitino, a well-known dark matter candidate in supersymmetric scenarios. In particular, the $R$-parity violating "$μ$ from $ν$" Supersymmetric Standard Model ($μν$SSM) is an attractive scenario in which including right-handed neutrinos solves the $μ$ problem of the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model while simultaneously explaining the origin of neutrino masses. At the same time, the violation of $R$-parity renders the gravitino unstable and subject to decay into a photon and a neutrino. As a consequence of the limits on line emission, $μν$SSM gravitinos with masses larger than about 5\,GeV, or lifetimes smaller than about $10^{28}$\,s, are excluded at 95% confidence level as dark matter candidates.
description: Minor changes, version published in JCAP. 30 pages, 9 figures, and 5 tables. Contact authors: Andrea Albert, German A. Gomez-Vargas, Michael Grefe, Carlos Munoz, and Christoph Weniger
Barrier Functions Inspired Reward Shaping for Reinforcement Learning
Creators: name: Nilaksh, Nilaksh
name: Ranjan, Abhishek
name: Agrawal, Shreenabh
name: Jain, Aayush
name: Jagtap, Pushpak
name: Kolathaya, Shishir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.9

description: Reinforcement Learning (RL) has progressed from simple control tasks to complex real-world challenges with large state spaces. While RL excels in these tasks, training time remains a limitation. Reward shaping is a popular solution, but existing methods often rely on value functions, which face scalability issues. This paper presents a novel safety-oriented reward-shaping framework inspired by barrier functions, offering simplicity and ease of implementation across various environments and tasks. To evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed reward formulations, we conduct simulation experiments on CartPole, Ant, and Humanoid environments, along with real-world deployment on the Unitree Go1 quadruped robot. Our results demonstrate that our method leads to 1.4-2.8 times faster convergence and as low as 50-60% actuation effort compared to the vanilla reward. In a sim-to-real experiment with the Go1 robot, we demonstrated better control and dynamics of the bot with our reward framework.
description: 7 pages, 10 figures, Accepted as contributed paper at ICRA 2024
Additional file 4 of Attitudes and concerns of undergraduate university health sciences students in Croatia regarding complete switch to e-learning during COVID-19 pandemic: a survey
Creators: name: Puljak, Livia
name: Čivljak, Marta
name: Haramina, Ana
name: Snježana Mališa
name: Čavić, Dalibor
name: Klinec, Dinko
name: Aranza, Diana
name: Mesarić, Jasna
name: Nataša Skitarelić
name: Zoranić, Sanja
name: Majstorović, Dijana
name: Neuberg, Marijana
name: Štefica Mikšić
name: Ivanišević, Kata
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 4: Table S3. Motivation and connection with fellow colleagues and teachers (N = 2520).
Geometry of flexible filament cohesion: Better contact through twist?
Creators: name: Cajamarca, Luis
name: Grason, Gregory M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cohesive interactions between filamentous molecules have broad implications for a range of biological and synthetic materials. While long-standing theoretical approaches have addressed the problem of inter-filament forces from the limit of infinitely rigid rods, the ability of flexible filaments to deform intra-filament shape in response to changes in inter-filament geometry has a profound affect on the nature of cohesive interactions. In this paper, we study two theoretical models of inter-filament cohesion in the opposite limit, in which filaments are sufficiently flexible to maintain cohesive contact along their contours, and address, in particular, the role played by helical-interfilament geometry in defining interactions. Specifically, we study models of featureless, tubular filaments interacting via 1) pair-wise Lennard-Jones (LJ) interactions between surface elements and 2) depletion-induced filament binding stabilized by electrostatic surface repulsion. Analysis of these models reveals a universal preference for cohesive filament interactions for non-zero helical skew, and further, that in the asymptotic limit of vanishing interaction range relative to filament diameter, the skew-dependence of cohesion approaches a geometrically defined limit described purely by the close-packing geometry of twisted tubular filaments. We further analyze non-universal features of the skew-dependence of cohesion at small-twist for both potentials, and argue that in the LJ model the pair-wise surface attraction generically destabilizes parallel filaments, while in the second model, pair-wise electrostatic repulsion in combination with non-pairwise additivity of depletion leads to a meta-stable parallel state.
description: 14 pages, 14 figures
title: Beschwerdemanagement von Bahngesellschaften auf Facebook während der COVID-19-Pandemie
Creators: name: Jannasch, Jennifer
Year: 2021

description: Unternehmen betreiben in jüngster Vergangenheit verstärkt Beschwerdemanagement auf sozialen Medien wie Facebook. Der richtige Umgang mit Beschwerden in sozialen Medien ist gerade deswegen wichtig, da dadurch die Beziehung mit den KundInnen und der wirtschaftliche Erfolg nachhaltig beeinflusst werden kann. Gerade in Krisensituationen wie der Covid-19-Pandemie muss ein besonderes Augenmerk auf das Beschwerdemanagement und die damit verbundene Zufriedenheit der KundInnen gelegt werden. So ist es Ziel dieser Arbeit das Beschwerdemanagement der Deutschen Bahn, der Österreichischen Bundebahnen und der Schweizerischen Bundesbahnen auf Facebook zu untersuchen. Dabei werden neben den Beschwerdethemen auch die Beschwerdeantworten der Unternehmen analysiert. Zudem wird der Einfluss der Covid-19-Pandemie auf die Beschwerdeantworten der Bahngesellschaften berücksichtigt. So konnten im Untersuchungszeitraum 523 erhaltene Beschwerden und 421 Beschwerdeantworten der drei Bahngesellschaften ermittelt werden. Diese wurden mithilfe der „Mixed Method“ analysiert. Die Auswertung der qualitativen Inhaltsanalyse ergab die sechs übergeordneten Beschwerdethemen Fahrplan, Service, Covid-19, Technische Probleme, Tickets und Lärmbelästigung, sowie weitere 25 untergeordnete Beschwerdethemen. Zudem wurden die zehn Beschwerdeantworten der Bahngesellschaften Erklärung, Entschuldigung, Rückfrage, Weiterverweisung, Verständnis, Hilfestellung, Danksagung, Annahme, keine Erklärung und Schuldabweisung ermittelt. Mittels der quantitative Inhaltsanalyse konnte festgestellt werden, dass das Beschwerdemanagement auf den Facebook-Seiten der Bahngesellschaften eindeutige Unterschiede aufweist. Hierbei wurde festgestellt, dass die Deutsche Bahn das umfangreichste und die Schweizerische Bundebahn das geringfügigste Beschwerdemanagement betreibt. Zudem zeigte sich, dass auf Beschwerden die Covid-19-Pandemie betreffend differenzierter als auf Beschwerden mit anderen Themen geantwortet wurde. So konnte neben einer häufigeren Nutzung der Beschwerdeantwort Erklärung, auch eine andere Formulierung der Antworten festgestellt werden.
Disentangling the Spin-Parity of a Resonance via the Gold-Plated Decay Mode
Creators: name: Modak, Tanmoy
name: Sahoo, Dibyakrupa
name: Sinha, Rahul
name: Cheng, Hai-Yang
name: Yuan, Tzu-Chiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Searching for new resonances and finding out their properties is an essential part of any existing or future particle physics experiment. The nature of a new resonance is characterized by its spin, charge conjugation, parity, and its couplings with the existing particles of the Standard Model. If a new resonance is found in the four lepton final state produced via two intermediate $Z$ bosons, the resonance could be a new heavy scalar or a $Z'$ boson or even a higher spin particle. In such cases the step by step methodology as enunciated in this paper can be followed to determine the spin, parity and the coupling to two $Z$ bosons of the parent particles, in a fully model-independent way. In our approach we show how three uni-angular distributions and few experimentally measurable observables can conclusively tell us about the spin, parity as well as the couplings of the new resonance to two $Z$ bosons. We have performed a numerical analysis to validate our approach and showed how the uniangular observables can be used to disentangle the spin parity as well as coupling of the resonance.
description: 16 pages, 11 figures, added a new section on numerical analysis
First record of the species Parapercis xanthozona at the Chesterfield-Bellona reef complex in the Coral Sea Marine Park
Creators: name: Pelletier, Dominique
name: Powell, Abigail
name: Roman, William
name: Carpentier, Liliane
Publisher: name: Ifremer
Year: 2021

description: The Chesterfield-Bellona atolls and reefs are a vast reef complex located in the Coral Sea Marine Park, established in 2014 in the New Caledonian Economic Exclusive Zone. In 2013, the New Caledonia government supported the first assessment of fish and benthic habitats conducted over the entire area. The assessment provided a primary knowledge base for establishing the importance of these atolls in terms of biodiversity and fished resources. This comprehensive survey relied on an unbaited underwater video technique that enabled to collect 185 successful camera drops distributed over all shallow habitats in the atolls. Video analysis revealed 18 fish species that had not been previously reported in this area. These included commercially important species: two species of snapper (Lutjanus monostigma and Lutjanus rivulatus) and an emperor (Lethrinus atkinsoni). Most of the new species observed displayed relatively low occurrences (< 5 individuals over 185 camera drops). They were observed in three habitats: i) live coral-dominated; ii) debris-dominated; and iii) sandy bottoms. Reference of the survey: CHESTERFIELD-BELLONA 2013: http://dx.doi.org/10.17600/18002030
Additional file 6 of Attitudes and concerns of undergraduate university health sciences students in Croatia regarding complete switch to e-learning during COVID-19 pandemic: a survey
Creators: name: Puljak, Livia
name: Čivljak, Marta
name: Haramina, Ana
name: Snježana Mališa
name: Čavić, Dalibor
name: Klinec, Dinko
name: Aranza, Diana
name: Mesarić, Jasna
name: Nataša Skitarelić
name: Zoranić, Sanja
name: Majstorović, Dijana
name: Neuberg, Marijana
name: Štefica Mikšić
name: Ivanišević, Kata
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 6: Table S5. Students’ suggestions/comments on how e-learning could be improved (N = 920). Responses given by more than 10 students are shown in detail.
title: Wie unsere Gedanken überflutet werden
Creators: name: Wunderlich, Jan
Year: 2021

description: Dehumanisierende Metapher-Frames dominieren die mediale Repräsentation von Migrant*innen und Geflüchteten. Über deren Auswirkungen auf affektive und kognitive Komponenten ist bislang, insbesondere im europäischen und deutschsprachigen Kontext, wenig bekannt. Ziel der vorliegenden Forschungsarbeit war es, Effekte konventionalisierter (de)humanisierender Metapher-Frames auf die empathische Reaktion sowie die Einstellung gegenüber Geflüchteten mithilfe eines Online-Experiments (N = 157) zu untersuchen. Die Teilnehmenden erhielten eine von drei Versionen eines Online-Artikels: Wasser-, Objekt-, oder Reise-Metaphern. Metapher-Framing-Effekte konnten keine festgestellt werden. Jedoch ergaben sich bei Issue Involvement und der Persönlichkeitseigenschaft Empathie positive Korrelationen mit der affektiven Empathie. Eine empathischere Reaktion ging wiederum mit einer geringeren Befürwortung einer restriktiven Migrationspolitik einher. Zudem wirkte sich eine bewusste Ablehnung von dehumanisierenden Metaphern positiv auf die Einstellung gegenüber Geflüchteten aus.
description: Dehumanising metaphor frames dominate the media representation of migrants and refugees. Yet, our knowledge about their effects on affective and cognitive components is limited, especially in the European and German-speaking context. The aim of this research was to investigate the effects of conventionalised (de)humanising metaphor frames on empathic reactions and attitudes towards refugees by using an online experiment (N = 157). Participants were exposed to one out of three versions of an online article: water, object, or journey metaphors. No metaphorical framing effects could be found. However, issue involvement and the personality trait empathy showed positive correlations with affective empathy. A more empathic response was, in turn, accompanied by less support for restrictive migration policies. In addition, a conscious rejection of dehumanising metaphors had a positive effect on attitudes towards refugees.
Telling late-time tails for a massive scalar field in the background of brane-localized black holes
Creators: name: Dubinsky, Alexey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine perturbations of a massive scalar field around spherically symmetric, brane-localized black holes. Although the ringdown and asymptotic tails of various brane-world black holes have been extensively studied, there has been no analysis of the massive late-time tails for the simplest Schwarzschild-like, brane-localized black hole to date. We demonstrate that after the ringdown phase, two stages of oscillatory tails emerge - intermediate and asymptotic. The asymptotic decay law is distinct from those associated with Schwarzschild or Reissner-Nordstrom solutions.
A Rigorous Free-form Lens Model of Abell 2744 to Meet the Hubble Frontier Fields Challenge
Creators: name: Lam, Daniel
name: Broadhurst, Tom
name: Diego, Jose M.
name: Lim, Jeremy
name: Coe, Dan
name: Ford, Holland C.
name: Zheng, Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hubble Frontier Fields (HFF) imaging of the most powerful lensing clusters provides access to the most magnified distant galaxies. The challenge is to construct lens models capable of describing these complex massive, merging clusters so that individual lensed systems can be reliably identified and their intrinsic properties accurately derived. We apply the free-form lensing method (WSLAP+) to A2744, providing a model independent map of the cluster mass, magnification, and geometric distance estimates to multiply-lensed sources. We solve simultaneously for a smooth cluster component on a pixel grid, together with local deflections by the cluster member galaxies. Combining model prediction with photometric redshift measurements, we correct and complete several systems recently claimed, and identify 4 new systems - totalling 65 images of 21 systems spanning a redshift range of 1.4
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ with newly identified lensed images in complete HFF data
Maler Josef Klemens Kaufmann (1867-1926)
Creators: name: Zelger, Franz
Publisher: name: [Verlag nicht ermittelbar]
Year: 1926
Subjects: subject: 750 Malerei
subject: 920 Biografien, Genealogie, Insignien
subject: Nachruf
subject: Kaufmann, Josef Klemens
subject: Luzern
subject: Zürich

description: Artikel aus unbekannter Schrift
Biochemical characterisation of ZFR, a regulator of splicing and RNA editing
Creators: name: Will, Alexander
Publisher: name: The University of Edinburgh
Year: 2023
Subjects: RNA editing
ZFR
Zn72D
Alternative splicing
biochemistry
protein purification
RNA binding
ADAR
structural biology
proteins
RNA-protein interaction
RNA processing

description: Eukaryotes use alternative splicing of pre-mRNA as a crucial mechanism to regulate their gene expression and expand the protein isoform repertoire. The essential human protein ZFR regulates alternative splicing and A-to-I editing of mRNA since many editing sites show lower editing levels upon knockdown of the ZFR homolog, Zn72D. Zn72D seems to act as the key regulator for most RNA editing sites in fruit flies, and these editing sites might require cooperative interaction between Zn72D and ADAR at the editing site. This work aimed to study the biological role of these proteins. Therefore, recombinant human ZFR was co-expressed with NF45 and used in an RNA Bind-n-Seq experiment (RBNS) performed by the Hogg lab to identify binding motifs. ZFR/NF45 constructs lacking zinc finger domains showed weak RNA binding activity than constructs with zinc fingers. In vitro verification of binding of RBNS-obtained motifs indicated that ZFR has a strong preference for dsRNA over ssRNA, suggesting that in vivo binding sites that determine alternative splicing sites are likely to contain substantial secondary structure. ZFR/NF45 binds dsRNA and RNA-DNA duplexes without sequence specificity. To gain a better insight into the mechanistic understanding of the role of ZFR in alternative splicing, structural studies of the various RNA-protein complexes might help us find out more about its precise biological role in regulating alternative splicing and A-to-I RNA editing. Therefore, stable in vitro RNA-protein complexes for biochemical and structural studies were produced using a 24-mer dsRNA and several protein components: ADAR, ZFR/NF45, and Zn72D/NF45. A-to-I RNA editing reactions were reconstituted using in vitro transcribed RNA and recombinant Drosophila ADAR and Zn72D/NF45 proteins. A poisoned primer extension and an EndoV assay were used to detect adenosine to inosine conversions in such in vitro RNA editing reactions. After establishing a protocol for successfully detecting in vitro adenosine to inosine conversions, the reason for the existence of Zn72D-dependent and Zn72D-independent RNA editing sites might be determined in the future using this assay.