cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Semi-supervised Relation Extraction via Data Augmentation and Consistency-training
Creators: name: Teru, Komal K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Due to the semantic complexity of the Relation extraction (RE) task, obtaining high-quality human labelled data is an expensive and noisy process. To improve the sample efficiency of the models, semi-supervised learning (SSL) methods aim to leverage unlabelled data in addition to learning from limited labelled data points. Recently, strong data augmentation combined with consistency-based semi-supervised learning methods have advanced the state of the art in several SSL tasks. However, adapting these methods to the RE task has been challenging due to the difficulty of data augmentation for RE. In this work, we leverage the recent advances in controlled text generation to perform high quality data augmentation for the RE task. We further introduce small but significant changes to model architecture that allows for generation of more training data by interpolating different data points in their latent space. These data augmentations along with consistency training result in very competitive results for semi-supervised relation extraction on four benchmark datasets.
description: Previously published at INTERPOLATE @ NeurIPS 2022 workshop
Critique of the use of geodesics in astrophysics and cosmology
Creators: name: Mannheim, Philip D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Since particles obey wave equations, in general one is not free to postulate that particles move on the geodesics associated with test particles. Rather, for this to be the case one has to be able to derive such behavior starting from the equations of motion that the particles obey, and to do so one can employ the eikonal approximation. To see what kind of trajectories might occur we explore the domain of support of the propagators associated with the wave equations. For a minimally coupled massless scalar field the domain of support in curved space is shown to not be restricted to the light cone, while for a conformally coupled massless scalar field the curved space domain is only restricted to the light cone if it propagates in a conformal to flat background. Consequently, eikonalization does not in general lead to null geodesics for curved space massless rays even though it does lead to straight line trajectories in flat spacetime. Equal remarks apply to the massless conformal invariant Maxwell equations. However, for massive particles one does obtain standard geodesic behavior this way, since they do not propagate on the light cone to begin with. Thus depending on how big the curvature actually is, in principle, even if not necessarily in practice, the standard null-geodesic-based gravitational bending formula and the general behavior of propagating light rays are in need of modification in regions with high enough curvature. We show that relativistic eikonalization has an intrinsic light-front structure, and show that eikonalization in a theory with local conformal symmetry leads to trajectories that are only globally conformally symmetric. Normals to wavefronts follow the eikonal trajectories, with these trajectories being the trajectories along which energy and momentum are transported.
description: 51 pages. In flat space normals to wavefronts are geodesic. We show that the curved space generalization is to curved space wavefront normals, and in curved space these normals do not have to be geodesic. This is the final version, which is to appear in Classical and Quantum Gravity
Evolution of equal mass binary bare quark stars in full general relativity: could a supramassive merger remnant experience prompt collapse?
Creators: name: Zhou, Enping
name: Kiuchi, Kenta
name: Shibata, Masaru
name: Tsokaros, Antonios
name: Uryu, Koji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have evolved mergers of equal-mass binary quark stars, the total mass of which is close to the mass shedding limit of uniformly rotating configurations, in fully general relativistic hydrodynamic simulations, aimed at investigating the post-merger outcomes. In particular, we have identified the threshold mass for prompt black hole formation after the merger, by tracing the minimum lapse function as well as the amount of ejected material during the merger simulation. A semi-analytical investigation based on the angular momentum contained in the merger remnant is also performed to verify the results. For the equation of state considered in this work, the maximum mass of TOV solutions for which is 2.10 $M_\odot$, the threshold mass is found between 3.05 and 3.10 $M_\odot$. This result is consistent (with a quantitative error smaller than 1%) with the universal relation derived from the numerical results of symmetric binary neutron star mergers. Contrary to the neutron star case, the threshold mass is close to the mass shedding limit of uniformly rotating quark star. Consequently, we have found that binary quark stars with total mass corresponding to the long-lived supramassive remnant for neutron star case, could experience collapse to black hole within several times dynamical timescale, making quark stars as exceptions of the commonly accepted post-merger scenarios for binary neutron star mergers. We have suggested explanation for both the similarity and the difference, between quark stars and neutron stars.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures. Comments are welcome
Interpolating between the Jaccard distance and an analogue of the normalized information distance
Creators: name: Kjos-Hanssen, Bjørn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 54E25, 54E35, 68Q30

description: Jiménez, Becerra, and Gelbukh (2013) defined a family of "symmetric Tversky ratio models" $S_{α,β}$, $0\leα\le 1$, $β>0$. Each function $D_{α,β}=1-S_{α,β}$ is a semimetric on the powerset of a given finite set. We show that $D_{α,β}$ is a metric if and only if $0\leα\le \frac12$ and $β\ge 1/(1-α)$. This result is formally verified in the Lean proof assistant. The extreme points of this parametrized space of metrics are $\mathcal V_1=D_{1/2,2}$, the Jaccard distance, and $\mathcal V_{\infty}=D_{0,1}$, an analogue of the normalized information distance of M. Li, Chen, X. Li, Ma, and Vitányi (2004). As a second interpolation, in general we also show that $\mathcal V_p$ is a metric, $1\le p\le\infty$, where $$Δ_p(A,B)=(|B\setminus A|^p+|A\setminus B|^p)^{1/p},$$ $$\mathcal V_p(A,B)=\frac{Δ_p(A,B)}{|A\cap B| + Δ_p(A,B)}.$$
No memory of past warps in the vertical density structure of galaxies
Creators: name: de la Cruz, J. García
name: Martig, M.
name: Minchev, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Warps are observed in a large fraction of disc galaxies, and can be due to a large number of different processes. Some of these processes might also cause vertical heating and flaring. Using a sample of galaxies simulated in their cosmological context, we study the connection between warping and disc heating. We analyse the vertical stellar density structure within warped stellar discs, and monitor the evolution of the scale-heights of the mono-age populations and the geometrical thin and thick disc during the warp's lifetime. We also compare the overall thickness and the vertical velocity dispersion in the disc before and after the warp. We find that for warps made of pre-existing stellar particles shifted off-plane, the scale-heights do not change within the disc's warped region: discs tilt rigidly. For warps made of off-plane new stellar material (either born in-situ or accreted), the warped region of the disc is not well described by a double $\mathrm{sech^2}$ density profile. Yet, once the warp is gone, the thin and thick disc structure is recovered, with their scale-heights following the same trends as in the region that was never warped. Finally, we find that the overall thickness and vertical velocity dispersion do not increase during a warp, regardless of the warp's origin. This holds even for warps triggered by interactions with satellites, which cause disc heating but before the warp forms. Our findings suggest that the vertical structure of galaxies does not hold any memory of past warps.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures, 1 table. Submitted to MNRAS
title: Instytucja zaprzeczenia ojcostwa – między teorią a praktyką w prawie polskim
title: The Institution of Denial of Paternity – Theory versus Practice in Polish Law
Creators: name: Daniel, Katarzyna
Publisher: name: Wyższa Szkoła Bezpieczeństwa Publicznego i Indywidualnego „Apeiron” w Krakowie
Year: 2019

description: The writing of this article was undertaken due to cases of denying paternity that the author had come across in her previous work in a law firm. The time for a man to bring an action to deny paternity or to determine the ineffectiveness of paternity recognition is extremely short and amounts to 6 months. In addition, after its expiry, the only option from the father’s perspective is to bring an action by the prosecutor, who de facto does not have to accede to the man’s request and may refuse this action. However, in none of these cases is the determination of the biological bond between father and child yet determined. If the child’s mother consents to DNA tests that explicitly exclude paternity, the courts issue judgments in accordance with the demands of the man considered to be the father, but if there is no such consent, the situation gets complicated. The author undertook an analysis of cases in which mothers or minors from the age of 13 do not agree to biological tests. This makes it very difficult to deny paternity, and in many cases makes it impossible for men to assert their rights.
Jump-sparse and sparse recovery using Potts functionals
Creators: name: Storath, Martin
name: Weinmann, Andreas
name: Demaret, Laurent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65J22, 65K10, 90C39, 90C26,

description: We recover jump-sparse and sparse signals from blurred incomplete data corrupted by (possibly non-Gaussian) noise using inverse Potts energy functionals. We obtain analytical results (existence of minimizers, complexity) on inverse Potts functionals and provide relations to sparsity problems. We then propose a new optimization method for these functionals which is based on dynamic programming and the alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM). A series of experiments shows that the proposed method yields very satisfactory jump-sparse and sparse reconstructions, respectively. We highlight the capability of the method by comparing it with classical and recent approaches such as TV minimization (jump-sparse signals), orthogonal matching pursuit, iterative hard thresholding, and iteratively reweighted $\ell^1$ minimization (sparse signals).
Isostatic Compensation of the Lunar Highlands
Creators: name: Sori, Michael M.
name: James, Peter B.
name: Johnson, Brandon C.
name: Soderblom, Jason M.
name: Solomon, Sean C.
name: Wieczorek, Mark A.
name: Zuber, Maria T.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Planetary science
Lunar geology
Moon
Isostasy

description: The lunar highlands are isostatically compensated at large horizontal scales, but the specific compensation mechanism has been difficult to identify. With topographic data from the Lunar Orbiter Laser Altimeter and gravity data from the Gravity Recovery and Interior Laboratory, we investigate support of highland topography. Poor correlation between crustal density and elevation shows that Pratt compensation is not important in the highlands. Using spectrally weighted admittance, we compared observed values of geoid‐to‐topography ratio (GTR) with those predicted by isostatic models. Observed GTRs are 25.8+7.5–5.7 m/km for the nearside highlands and 39.3+5.7–6.2 m/km for the farside highlands. These values are not consistent with flexural compensation of long‐wavelength topography or Airy isostasy defined under an assumption of equal mass in crustal columns. Instead, the observed GTR values are consistent with models of Airy compensation in which isostasy is defined under a requirement of equal pressures at equipotential surfaces at depth. The gravity and topography data thus reveal that long‐wavelength topography on the Moon is most likely compensated by variations in crustal thickness, implying that highland topography formed early in lunar history before the development of a thick elastic lithosphere.
title: Rola dzielnicowego w kształtowaniu poczucia bezpieczeństwa w społecznościach lokalnych
title: The Role of the District Police Officer in Forming Sense of Security in the Local Communities
Creators: name: Deńca, Wiktor
Publisher: name: Wyższa Szkoła Bezpieczeństwa Publicznego i Indywidualnego „Apeiron” w Krakowie
Year: 2019

description: The presented article indicates the role and the tasks of the district officer in local communities. The district officer is one of the most important functions in the institution of the police at all because it has a significant impact on the image of that formation. It is due to the fact that the district officer is the closest to people, he/she is a policeman of the first contact for residents in case of problems, e.g. with domestic violence. He is also often the first officer that gets to know about a criminal act in a particular territory or about another security incident. To sum up, the district officer is, in a sense, an “ambassador” of the police in the local community, who has a significant impact on the level of citizens’ trust to the institution and their willingness to cooperate with it.
Old Time Music
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019

description: Tom Whitmore is in the studio with Fass. "The Wonderful City" by Jimmie Rodgers and Sara Carter plays. "Mississippi Sawyer" by J.E. Mainer's Mountaineers plays. "Statesboro Blues" plays. "Good Morning Mr. Railroad Man" plays.
How to use Unimodular Quantum Cosmology for the Prediction of a late-time Classical Universe?
Creators: name: Riahi, Natascha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Unimodular quantum cosmology admits wavepacket solutions that evolve according to a kind of Schrödinger equation. Though this theory is equivalent to general relativity on the classical level, its canonical structure is different and the problem of time does not occur. We present an Ehrenfest theorem for the long term evolution of the expectation value of the scale factor for a spatially flat Friedmann universe with a scalar field. We find that the classical and the quantum behaviour in the asymptotic future coincide for the special case of a massless scalar field. We examine the general behaviour of uncertainties in order to single out models that can lead to a classical universe.
description: 7 pages, based on a talk given at 15th Marcel Grossmann Meeting, Rome, 1-7 July 2018
Lipschitz regularization for fracture: the Lip-field approach
Creators: name: Chevaugeon, N.
name: Moes, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The Lip-field approach is a new regularization method for softening material material models. It was presented first in a previous paper providing one-dimensional simulations for damage and plasticity. The present paper focuses on a two-dimensional implementation for elasto-damage models (quasi-brittle fracture). The incremental potential used in the Lip-field approach is the non-regularized one. The regularization comes from the addition of a Lipschitz constraint on the damage field. In other words, the free energy does not depend on the damage gradient. The search of the displacement and damage fields from one time-step to the next is based on an iterative staggered scheme. The displacement field is sought for a given damage field. Then, a Lipschitz continuous damage field is sought for a given displacement field. Both problems are convex. The solution to the latter benefits from bounds proven in a previous paper and used here. The paper details the implementation of the Lipschitz regularity on a finite element mesh and details the overall solution scheme. Four numerical examples demonstrate the capability of the new approach.
description: 19 pages
title: Zapotrzebowanie na usługi fitness na terenie miasteczka studenckiego miasta Częstochowy jako element rozwoju środowiska lokalnego
title: Demand for Fitness Services in the Student Campus in Częstochowa as part of the Development of the Local Environment
Creators: name: Hutna, Dominika
name: Niemczyk, Patrycja
name: Rodasik, Alina
Publisher: name: Wyższa Szkoła Bezpieczeństwa Publicznego i Indywidualnego „Apeiron” w Krakowie
Year: 2019

description: The study was aimed at understanding the needs of the students of Częstochowa universities as regards fitness services. The study included students of Częstochowa University of Technology and Jan Długosz University in Częstochowa in the period from November 2018 until January 2019. The research sample was 100 people, including 61 women and 39 men. The questionnaire was used as a research tool. Physical activity of the subjects and their preferences related to forms of such activity were assessed. After analyzing the results, it can be stated that 73% of respondents are physically active. They consider fitness clubs and gyms to be the best places to exercise. The analysis of the research shows that for most of the respondents location and prices have a big impact on the choice of fitness club. As for types of activities, the respondents were most willing to participate in kick-boxing, yoga, aerobics, and zumba classes.
Bootstrapping Calabi-Yau Quantum Mechanics
Creators: name: Du, Bao-ning
name: Huang, Min-xin
name: Zeng, Pei-xuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, a novel bootstrap method for numerical calculations in matrix models and quantum mechanical systems is proposed. We apply the method to certain quantum mechanical systems derived from some well-known local toric Calabi-Yau geometries, where the exact quantization conditions have been conjecturally related to topological string theory. We find that the bootstrap method provides a promising alternative for the precision numerical calculations of the energy eigenvalues. An improvement in our approach is to use a larger set of two-dimensional operators instead of one-dimensional ones. We also apply our improved bootstrap methods to some non-relativistic models in the recent literature and demonstrate better numerical accuracies.
description: 21 pages, 21 figures
The VIMOS Public Extragalactic Redshift Survey (VIPERS). Luminosity and stellar mass dependence of galaxy clustering at 0.5
Creators: name: Marulli, F.
name: Bolzonella, M.
name: Branchini, E.
name: Davidzon, I.
name: de la Torre, S.
name: Granett, B. R.
name: Guzzo, L.
name: Iovino, A.
name: Moscardini, L.
name: Pollo, A.
name: Abbas, U.
name: Adami, C.
name: Arnouts, S.
name: Bel, J.
name: Bottini, D.
name: Cappi, A.
name: Coupon, J.
name: Cucciati, O.
name: De Lucia, G.
name: Fritz, A.
name: Franzetti, P.
name: Fumana, M.
name: Garilli, B.
name: Ilbert, O.
name: Krywult, J.
name: Brun, V. Le
name: Fevre, O. Le
name: Maccagni, D.
name: Malek, K.
name: McCracken, H. J.
name: Paioro, L.
name: Polletta, M.
name: Schlagenhaufer, H.
name: Scodeggio, M.
name: Tasca, L. A. M.
name: Tojeiro, R.
name: Vergani, D.
name: Zanichelli, A.
name: Burden, A.
name: Di Porto, C.
name: Marchetti, A.
name: Marinoni, C.
name: Mellier, Y.
name: Nichol, R. C.
name: Peacock, J. A.
name: Percival, W. J.
name: Phleps, S.
name: Wolk, M.
name: Zamorani, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the dependence of galaxy clustering on luminosity and stellar mass in the redshift range 0.5
description: 17 pages, 10 figures, 4 tables. Accepted for publication in A&A
title: Sequencing Extended Monetary Policies at the Effective Lower Bound
Creators: name: Zhang, Yang
name: Suchanek, Lena
name: Swarbrick, Jonathan
name: Wagner, Joel
name: Schlanger, Tudor
Publisher: name: Bank of Canada
Year: 2021

description: In response to the global COVID-19 pandemic, the Bank of Canada aggressively lowered its policy interest rate and provided additional easing using forward guidance and quantitative easing. In this analysis, we use simulations in the Bank of Canada’s projection model—the Terms-of-Trade Economic Model—to consider a suite of extended monetary policies (EMPs) to support the economy following the COVID-19 crisis. We focus on the implementation sequencing of three EMP options when the policy rate is at the effective lower bound: credit easing, forward guidance and quantitative easing. We find that the policy mix that delivers the best outcome for the Canadian economy calls for immediately implementing forward guidance and quantitative easing, followed by credit easing when containment measures are lifted. Furthermore, going “full scale” and implementing all available EMP options effectively helps stabilizing the economy because each of these tools reinforces the others. We also quantify the fiscal response needed to offset the gap in gross domestic product created by the effective lower bound, given operational limitations in scaling up EMPs.

description: En réaction à la pandémie de COVID-19, la Banque du Canada a abaissé vigoureusement son taux directeur et accru la détente monétaire en recourant aux indications prospectives et à l’assouplissement quantitatif. Dans notre analyse, nous menons des simulations au moyen du modèle de projection de la Banque du Canada, TOTEM (Terms-of-Trade Economic Model), pour étudier une gamme élargie d’outils de politique monétaire visant à soutenir l’économie dans le contexte de la crise née de la pandémie. Nous mettons l’accent sur la mise en œuvre, par étapes, de trois de ces outils quand le taux directeur est à la valeur plancher : assouplissement direct du crédit, indications prospectives et assouplissement quantitatif. Nous constatons que le meilleur ensemble de politiques pour l’économie canadienne consiste à mettre en place, dans l’immédiat, les indications prospectives et l’assouplissement quantitatif, suivis de l’assouplissement direct du crédit dès que les restrictions sanitaires sont levées. Par ailleurs, une mise en œuvre « tous azimuts » de l’ensemble des outils disponibles aide à stabiliser l’économie parce que chacun de ces outils renforce les autres. En outre, nous quantifions les mesures budgétaires requises pour compenser l’écart du produit intérieur brut causé par la valeur plancher, compte tenu des limites opérationnelles empêchant le déploiement accru des outils de la gamme élargie.
The theory and practice of Reedy categories
Creators: name: Riehl, Emily
name: Verity, Dominic
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 55U35, 18G30, 18D10

description: The goal of this paper is to demystify the role played by the Reedy category axioms in homotopy theory. With no assumed prerequisites beyond a healthy appetite for category theoretic arguments, we present streamlined proofs of a number of useful technical results, which are well known to folklore but difficult to find in the literature. While the results presented here are not new, our approach to their proofs is somewhat novel. Specifically, we reduce the much of the hard work involved to simpler computations involving weighted colimits and Leibniz (pushout-product) constructions. The general theory is developed in parallel with examples, which we use to prove that familiar formulae for homotopy limits and colimits indeed have the desired properties.
description: 44 pages; exposition improved based on suggestions of a helpful referee; final journal version
MESSENGER observations of cusp plasma filaments at Mercury
Creators: name: Poh, Gangkai
name: Slavin, James A.
name: Jia, Xianzhe
name: DiBraccio, Gina A.
name: Raines, Jim M.
name: Imber, Suzanne M.
name: Gershman, Daniel J.
name: Sun, Wei‐Jie
name: Anderson, Brian J.
name: Korth, Haje
name: Zurbuchen, Thomas H.
name: McNutt Jr., Ralph L.
name: Solomon, Sean C.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Planetary science
Planets--Magnetospheres
Planets--Observations

description: The MErcury Surface, Space ENvironment, GEochemistry, and Ranging (MESSENGER) spacecraft while in orbit about Mercury observed highly localized, ~3‐s‐long reductions in the dayside magnetospheric magnetic field, with amplitudes up to 90% of the ambient intensity. These magnetic field depressions are termed cusp filaments because they were observed from just poleward of the magnetospheric cusp to midlatitudes, i.e., ~55° to 85°N. We analyzed 345 high‐ and low‐altitude cusp filaments identified from MESSENGER magnetic field data to determine their physical properties. Minimum variance analysis indicates that most filaments resemble cylindrical flux tubes within which the magnetic field intensity decreases toward its central axis. If the filaments move over the spacecraft at an estimated magnetospheric convection speed of ~35 km/s, then they have a typical diameter of ~105 km or ~7 gyroradii for 1 keV H+ ions in a 300 nT magnetic field. During these events, MESSENGER's Fast Imaging Plasma Spectrometer observed H+ ions with magnetosheath‐like energies. MESSENGER observations during the spacecraft's final low‐altitude campaign revealed that these cusp filaments likely extend down to Mercury's surface. We calculated an occurrence‐rate‐normalized integrated particle precipitation rate onto the surface from all filaments of (2.70 ± 0.09) × 1025 s−1. This precipitation rate is comparable to published estimates of the total precipitation rate in the larger‐scale cusp. Overall, the MESSENGER observations analyzed here suggest that cusp filaments are the magnetospheric extensions of the flux transfer events that form at the magnetopause as a result of localized magnetic reconnection.
Eulerian series as modular forms revisited
Creators: name: Mortenson, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Recently, Bringmann, Ono, and Rhoades employed harmonic weak Maass forms to prove results on Eulerian series as modular forms. By changing the setting to Appell--Lerch sums, we shorten the proof of one of their main theorems. In addition we discuss connections to recent work of Kang.
description: To be published in Proc. Amer. Math. Soc
Geodetic Evidence That Mercury Has A Solid Inner Core
Creators: name: Genova, Antonio
name: Goossens, Sander
name: Mazarico, Erwan
name: Lemoine, Frank G.
name: Neumann, Gregory A.
name: Kuang, Weijia
name: Sabaka, Terence J.
name: Hauck II, Steven A.
name: Smith, David E.
name: Solomon, Sean C.
name: Zuber, Maria T.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Planetary science
Planets--Core
Geodesy

description: Geodetic analysis of radio tracking measurements of the MErcury Surface, Space ENvironment, GEochemistry, and Ranging spacecraft while in orbit about Mercury has yielded new estimates for the planet's gravity field, tidal Love number, and pole coordinates. The derived right ascension (α = 281.0082° ± 0.0009°; all uncertainties are 3 standard deviations) and declination (δ = 61.4164° ± 0.0003°) of the spin pole place Mercury in the Cassini state. Confirmation of the equilibrium state with an estimated mean (whole planet) obliquity ϵ of 1.968 ± 0.027 arcmin enables the confident determination of the planet's normalized polar moment of inertia (0.333 ± 0.005), which indicates a high degree of internal differentiation. Internal structure models generated by a Markov Chain Monte Carlo process and consistent with the geodetic constraints possess a solid inner core with a radius (r_ic) between 0.3 and 0.7 that of the outer core (r_oc).
The algebraic fundamental group of a reductive group scheme over an arbitrary base scheme
Creators: name: Borovoi, Mikhail
name: González-Avilés, Cristian D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20G35

description: We define the algebraic fundamental group functor of a reductive group scheme over an arbitrary (non-empty) base scheme and prove that this functor is exact.
description: 17 pages. This is an expanded version of Appendix B in arXiv:1112.6020v1[math.NT]. Final version, to appear in Cent. Eur. J. Math
Der Entwurf zu Hans Kulmbachs Tucherbild
Creators: name: Tietze, Hans
name: Tietze-Conrat, Erika
Publisher: name: Anzeiger des Germanischen Nationalmuseums
Year: 2017

description: Anzeiger des Germanischen Nationalmuseums, 1934-35: Anzeiger des Germanischen Nationalmuseums
Mean-field models of dynamics on networks via moment closure: an automated procedure
Creators: name: Wuyts, Bert
name: Sieber, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In the study of dynamics on networks, moment closure is a commonly used method to obtain low-dimensional evolution equations amenable to analysis. The variables in the evolution equations are mean counts of subgraph states and are referred to as moments. Due to interaction between neighbours, each moment equation is a function of higher-order moments, such that an infinite hierarchy of equations arises. Hence, the derivation requires truncation at a given order, and, an approximation of the highest-order moments in terms of lower-order ones,known as a closure formula. Recent systematic approximations have either restricted focus to closed moment equations for SIR epidemic spreading or to unclosed moment equations for arbitrary dynamics. In this paper, we develop a general procedure that automates both derivation and closure of arbitrary order moment equations for dynamics with nearest-neighbour interactions on undirected networks. Automation of the closure step was made possible by our generalised closure scheme,which systematically decomposes the largest subgraphs into their smaller components.We show that this decomposition is exact if these components form a tree, there is independence at distances beyond their graph diameter, and there is spatial homogeneity. Testing our method for SIS epidemic spreading on lattices and random networks confirms that biases are larger for networks with many short cycles in regimes with long-range dependence. A Mathematica package that automates the moment closure is available for download.
Targeting the EGFR in cancer cells by fusion protein consisting of arazyme and third loop of TGF-alpha: an in silico study
Creators: name: Ghadaksaz, Abdolamir
name: Fooladi, Abbas Ali Imani
name: Hosseini, Hamideh Mahmoodzadeh
name: Satari, Taher Nejad
name: Amin, Mohsen
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer

description: The anticancer effects of arazyme, a bacterial metalloprotease, have been revealed in previous studies. Because of the overexpression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in tumor cells, targeting this receptor is one of the approaches to cancer therapy. In the present study, we designed fusion protein by using a non-mitogenic binding sequence of TGFα, arazyme, and a suitable linker. The I-TASSER and Robetta web servers were employed to predict the territory structures of the Arazyme-linker-TGFαL3, and TGFαL3-linker-Arazyme. Then, models were validated by using PROCHECK, ERRAT, ProSA, and MolProbity web servers. After docking to EGFR, Arazyme-linker-TGFαL3 showed a higher binding affinity and was selected to be optimized through 100 ns Molecular dynamic (MD) simulation. Next, the stability of ligand-bound receptor was examined utilizing MD simulation for 100 ns. Furthermore, the binding free energy calculation and free energy decomposition were carried out employing MM-PBSA and MM-GBSA methods, respectively. The root mean square deviation and fluctuation (RMSD, RMSF), the radius of gyration, H-bond, and binding free energy analysis revealed the stability of the complex during simulation time. Finally, linear and conformational epitopes of B cells, as well as MHC class I and MHC class II were predicted by using different web servers. Meanwhile, the potential B cell and T cell epitopes were identified throughout arazyme protein sequence. Collectively, this study suggests a novel chimera protein candidate prevent cancer cells potentially by inducing an immune response and inhibiting cell proliferation. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma
title: Ενυδρείο πληροφορικής τεχνολογίας και ρομποτικής στο παραλιακό μέτωπο του Λουτρακίου
Creators: name: Θώδης Ιωάννης
Publisher: name: Technical University of Crete
Year: 2010

description: Μη διαθέσιμο
Towards Solving the Challenge of Minimal Overhead Monitoring
Creators: name: Reichelt, David Georg
name: Kühne, Stefan
name: Hasselbring, Wilhelm
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: D.2.5

description: The examination of performance changes or the performance behavior of a software requires the measurement of the performance. This is done via probes, i.e., pieces of code which obtain and process measurement data, and which are inserted into the examined application. The execution of those probes in a singular method creates overhead, which deteriorates performance measurements of calling methods and slows down the measurement process. Therefore, an important challenge for performance measurement is the reduction of the measurement overhead. To address this challenge, the overhead should be minimized. Based on an analysis of the sources of performance overhead, we derive the following four optimization options: (1) Source instrumentation instead of AspectJ instrumentation, (2) reduction of measurement data, (3) change of the queue and (4) aggregation of measurement data. We evaluate the effect of these optimization options using the MooBench benchmark. Thereby, we show that these optimizations options reduce the monitoring overhead of the monitoring framework Kieker. For MooBench, the execution duration could be reduced from 4.77 ms to 0.39 ms per method invocation on average.
description: 8 pages, 2023 ACM/SPEC International Conference on Performance Engineering
Stopping vs Resting state during motor imagery paradigm
Creators: name: Orset, Bastien
name: Lee, Kyuhwa
name: Chavarriaga, Ricardo
name: Millán, José del. R
Publisher: name: bioRxiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: 006: Spezielle Computerverfahren

description: Current non-invasive Brain Machine interfaces commonly rely on the decoding of sustained motor imagery activity (MI). This approach enables a user to control brain-actuated devices by triggering predetermined motor actions. One major drawback of such strategy is that users are not trained to stop their actions. Indeed, the termination process involved in BMI is poorly understood with most of the studies assuming that the end of an MI action is similar to the resting state. Here we hypothesize that the process of stopping MI (MI termination) and resting state are two different processes that should be decoded independently due to the exhibition of different neural pattens. We compared the detection of both states transitions of an imagined movement, i.e. rest-to-movement (onset) and movement-to-rest (offset). Our results shows that both decoders show significant differences in term of performances and latency (N=17 Subjects) with the offset decoder able to detect faster and better MI termination. While studying this difference, we found that the offset decoder is primarily based on the use of features in Beta band which appears earlier. Based on this finding, we also proposed a Random Forest based decoder which enable to distinguish three classes (MI, MI termination and REST).
title: Αλγόριθμοι καθολικής βελτιστοποίησης για τον προσδιορισμό βιο-οπτικών παραμέτρων που σχετίζονται με την ανάπτυξη της επιθηλιακής νεοπλασίας
Creators: name: Σταματιάδου Μαρία
Publisher: name: Technical University of Crete
Year: 2010

description: Μη διαθέσιμο
Jürgen Hald, Die Eisenzeit im Oberen Gäu. Studien zur hallstatt- und latènezeitlichen Besiedlungsgeschichte
Creators: name: Müller-Scheeßel, Nils
Publisher: name: Bonner Jahrbücher
Year: 2017

description: Rezension zu: Jürgen Hald, Die Eisenzeit im Oberen Gäu. Studien zur hallstatt- und latènezeitlichen Besiedlungsgeschichte. Materialhefte zur Archäologie in Baden-Württemberg, Band 86. Verlag Konrad Theiss, Stuttgart 2009. 543 Seiten mit 402 Abbildungen und 37 Tabellen, 154 Tafeln und 3 Beilagen
description: Bonner Jahrbücher, Bd. 209.2009(2011): Bonner Jahrbücher
Persistent non-metallic behavior in Sr2IrO4 and Sr3Ir2O7 at high pressures
Creators: name: Zocco, D. A.
name: Hamlin, J. J.
name: White, B. D.
name: Kim, B. J.
name: Jeffries, J. R.
name: Weir, S. T.
name: Vohra, Y. K.
name: Allen, J. W.
name: Maple, M. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Iridium-based 5d transition-metal oxides are attractive candidates for the study of correlated electronic states due to the interplay of enhanced crystal-field, Coulomb and spin-orbit interaction energies. At ambient pressure, these conditions promote a novel Jeff = 1/2 Mott insulating state, characterized by a gap of the order of ~0.1 eV. We present high-pressure electrical resistivity measurements of single crystals of Sr2IrO4 and Sr3Ir2O7. While no indications of a pressure-induced metallic state up to 55 GPa were found in Sr2IrO4, a strong decrease of the gap energy and of the resistance of Sr3Ir2O7 between ambient pressure and 104 GPa confirm that this compound is in the proximity of a metal-insulator transition.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Susanne Sievers, Die Waffen aus dem Oppidum von Manching
Creators: name: Joachim, Hans-Eckart
Publisher: name: Bonner Jahrbücher
Year: 2017

description: Rezension zu: Susanne Sievers, Die Waffen aus dem Oppidum von Manching. Die Ausgrabungen in Manching, Band 17. Verlag Dr. Ludwig Reichert, Wiesbaden 2010. 182 Seiten mit 64 Abbildungen und 4 Tabellen, 62 Tafeln
description: Bonner Jahrbücher, Bd. 209.2009(2011): Bonner Jahrbücher
title: Ανάπτυξη τρισδιάστατου παιχνιδιού με βελτιστοποιημένο σχεδιασμό διαδρομών
Creators: name: Μαλκογιάννης Κωνσταντίνος
Publisher: name: Technical University of Crete
Year: 2010

description: Μη διαθέσιμο
Aptamer-based sensing of breast cancer biomarkers: a comprehensive review of analytical figures of merit
Creators: name: Ahirwar, Rajesh
name: Khan, Nabab
name: Kumar, Saroj
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Accurate determination of the aberrantly expressed biomarkers such as human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), mucin 1 (MUC1), and vascular endothelial growth factor VEGF165 have played an essential role in the clinical management of the breast cancer. Assessment of these cancer-specific biomarkers has conventionally relied on time-taking methods like the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and immunohistochemistry. However, recent development in the aptamer-based diagnostics has allowed developing tools that may substitute the conventional means of biomarker assessment in breast cancer. Adopting the aptamer-based diagnostic tools (aptasensors) to clinical practices will depend on their analytical performance on clinical samples. In this review, we provide an overview of the analytical merits of HER2, CEA, PDGF, MUC1, and VEGF165 aptasensors. Scopus and Pubmed databases were searched for studies reporting aptasensor development for the listed breast cancer biomarkers in the past one decade. Linearity, detection limit, and response time are emphasized. In our opinion, aptasensors have proven to be on a par with the antibody-based methods for detection of various breast cancer biomarkers. Though robust validation of the aptasensors on significant sample size is required, their ability to detect pathophysiological range of biomarkers suggest the possibility of future clinical adoption.
An Analytical Theory of Curriculum Learning in Teacher-Student Networks
Creators: name: Saglietti, Luca
name: Mannelli, Stefano Sarao
name: Saxe, Andrew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In humans and animals, curriculum learning -- presenting data in a curated order - is critical to rapid learning and effective pedagogy. Yet in machine learning, curricula are not widely used and empirically often yield only moderate benefits. This stark difference in the importance of curriculum raises a fundamental theoretical question: when and why does curriculum learning help? In this work, we analyse a prototypical neural network model of curriculum learning in the high-dimensional limit, employing statistical physics methods. Curricula could in principle change both the learning speed and asymptotic performance of a model. To study the former, we provide an exact description of the online learning setting, confirming the long-standing experimental observation that curricula can modestly speed up learning. To study the latter, we derive performance in a batch learning setting, in which a network trains to convergence in successive phases of learning on dataset slices of varying difficulty. With standard training losses, curriculum does not provide generalisation benefit, in line with empirical observations. However, we show that by connecting different learning phases through simple Gaussian priors, curriculum can yield a large improvement in test performance. Taken together, our reduced analytical descriptions help reconcile apparently conflicting empirical results and trace regimes where curriculum learning yields the largest gains. More broadly, our results suggest that fully exploiting a curriculum may require explicit changes to the loss function at curriculum boundaries.
description: Accepted to NeurIPS 2022
Gemma Sena Chiesa (Hrsg.), Gemme dei Civici Musei d’Arte di Verona
Creators: name: Zwierlein-Diehl, Erika
Publisher: name: Bonner Jahrbücher
Year: 2017

description: Rezension zu: Gemma Sena Chiesa (Hrsg.), Gemme dei Civici Musei d’Arte di Verona. Collezioni e Musei Archeologici del Veneto, Band 45. Texte von Alessandra Magni, Gemma Sena Chiesa und Gabriella Tassinari. Verlag Giorgio Bretschneider, Rom 2009. IX und 249 Seiten, 66 Schwarzweißtafeln
description: Bonner Jahrbücher, Bd. 209.2009(2011): Bonner Jahrbücher
title: Παράλληλη επεξεργασία πολλαπλών συναθροιστικών επερωτήσεων σε δίκτυα αισθητήρων με κινούμενους κόμβους
Creators: name: Μπούσγος Σεραφείμ
Publisher: name: Technical University of Crete
Year: 2010

description: Μη διαθέσιμο
Comparative evaluation of a dual-target real-time RT-PCR assay for COVID-19 diagnosis and assessment of performance in pooled saliva and nasopharyngeal swab samples
Creators: name: Yip, Cyril C. Y.
name: Leung, Kit-Hang
name: Ng, Anthony C. K.
name: Chan, Kwok-Hung
name: To, Kelvin K. W.
name: Chan, Jasper F. W
name: Hung, Ivan F. N.
name: Cheng, Vincent C. C.
name: Sridhar, Siddharth
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: Computational Biology

description: Sensitive molecular diagnostic assays are essential for COVID-19 diagnosis. We evaluated the Hecin Scientific SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid test kit, a dual-target real-time RT-PCR assay targeting the SARS-CoV-2 N and ORF1ab genes. The Hecin test kit’s diagnostic performance in detecting SARS-CoV-2 RNA was compared to the LightMix Modular SARS and Wuhan CoV E-gene kit (TIB Molbiol) and an in-house single-tube nested real-time RT-PCR using 296 clinical specimens, 11 proficiency testing samples, and 30 low-positive deep throat saliva and nasopharyngeal swab (NPS) samples pooled into negative samples in ratios of 1:5, 1:10, and 1:30. The limit-of-detection of the Hecin test kit was around 500 dC/mL for the N and ORF1ab targets. Sensitivity and specificity of the Hecin test kit were 98.1% (95% CI: 93.4–99.8%) and 100% (98.1–100%), respectively, when measured against the reference method. The Hecin test kit showed fair sensitivity (80%) in low-positive NPS samples pooled in ratios of 1:5 and 1:10. Its performance in pooled samples could be dramatically improved by adjusting the assay Ct cutoff. The Hecin test kit enables sensitive and specific detection of SARS-CoV-2 in clinical samples and pooled samples.
Average-fluctuation separation in energy levels in many-particle quantum systems with $k$-body interactions using $q$-Hermite polynomials
Creators: name: Chavda, N. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Separation between average and fluctuation parts in the state density in many-particle quantum systems with $k$-body interactions, modeled by the $k$-body embedded Gaussian orthogonal random matrices (EGOE($k$)), is demonstrated using the method of normal mode decomposition of the spectra and also verified through power spectrum analysis, for both fermions and bosons. The smoothed state density is represented by the $q$-normal distribution ($f_{qN}$) (with corrections) which is the weight function for $q$-Hermite polynomials. As the rank of interaction $k$ increases, the fluctuations set in with smaller order of corrections in the smooth state density. They are found to be of GOE type, for all $k$ values, for both fermion and boson systems.
description: 25 pages, 8 figures