cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The role of Toll-like receptors in islet allograft rejection and normal beta-cell function
Creators: name: Hutton, Meredith Julia Hamilton
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Diabetes mellitus is both a metabolic and inflammatory syndrome, characterized by hyperglycemia in the presence of insufficient beta-cell mass and high levels of circulating proinflammatory cytokines. Determining the mechanism behind this chronic inflammation is important for developing therapeutic targets, as controlling inflammation may prevent the progression of diabetes, development of secondary disease, and failure of islet allografts. Toll-like receptors (TLRs), a family of pattern recognition receptors of the innate immune system, are important for regulating adaptive immunity. The aim of this project was to determine the role of Toll-like receptor signalling in islet transplantation and normal beta-cell function. The role of TLR signalling in islet transplantation was assessed using a full major histocompatability complex mismatch murine islet allograft model. TLRs are capable of sensing both exogenous and endogenous ligands. Excessive TLR activation during transplantation may promote allograft rejection. To test this hypothesis, islets from TLR-deficient mice were transplanted into chemically-induced diabetic recipients, and graft survival was assessed by monitoring blood glucose levels. Islet grafts deficient for TLR4, or for TLR signalling molecules TRIF and MyD88, had similar graft failure rates to islet grafts from wild-type controls, indicating that islet allograft rejection occurs independently of donor TLR signalling in mice. To determine whether lack of TLR signalling via TRIF and MyD88 affects normal beta-cell function, mice deficient for TRIF or MyD88 were assessed for glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity and in vitro glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. As TLR-induced inflammation has been demonstrated to enhance insulin resistance and diabetes-associated inflammation, lack of TLR signalling under non-pathological conditions may enhance beta-cell function. Interestingly, mice lacking TRIF demonstrated impaired glucose tolerance, hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia and impaired glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. Mice lacking MyD88 had similar glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity to littermate controls, but displayed a mild impairment in glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. The results of this thesis demonstrate that while TLR signalling is not likely to be essential for islet allograft rejection, TLR signalling may contribute to normal beta-cell function. These findings point to a previously unrecognized role for TLR signalling in glucose homeostasis.
Propofol inhibits the voltage-gated sodium channel NaChBac at multiple sites
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Animals
Bacterial Proteins
Fluorine
HEK293 Cells
Humans
Hypnotics and Sedatives
Larva
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
Patch-Clamp Techniques
Propofol
Sodium Channels
Xenopus laevis

description: © 2018 Wang et al. Voltage-gated sodium (NaV) channels are important targets of general anesthetics, including the intravenous anesthetic propofol. Electrophysiology studies on the prokaryotic NaV channel NaChBac have demonstrated that propofol promotes channel activation and accelerates activation-coupled inactivation, but the molecular mechanisms of these effects are unclear. Here, guided by computational docking and molecular dynamics simulations, we predict several propofol-binding sites in NaChBac. We then strategically place small fluorinated probes at these putative binding sites and experimentally quantify the interaction strengths with a fluorinated propofol analogue, 4-fluoropropofol. In vitro and in vivo measurements show that 4-fluoropropofol and propofol have similar effects on NaChBac function and nearly identical anesthetizing effects on tadpole mobility. Using quantitative analysis by 19F-NMR saturation transfer difference spectroscopy, we reveal strong intermolecular cross-relaxation rate constants between 4-fluoropropofol and four different regions of NaChBac, including the activation gate and selectivity filter in the pore, the voltage sensing domain, and the S4-S5 linker. Unlike volatile anesthetics, 4-fluoropropofol does not bind to the extracellular interface of the pore domain. Collectively, our results show that propofol inhibits NaChBac at multiple sites, likely with distinct modes of action. This study provides a molecular basis for understanding the net inhibitory action of propofol on NaV channels.
La maternité pour le compte d’autrui
Creators: name: Terel, Julie
Publisher: name: CRIANDO
Year: 2018
Subjects: maternité pour le compte d’autrui; droit français; réification du corps; dignité de la femme; filiation de l’enfant

description: La maternité pour le compte d’autrui recouvre les techniques par lesquelles un couple, voire un individu seul, réalise son désir d’enfant grâce au concours d’une femme qui s’engage à porter celui-ci et à l’abandonner à sa naissance. C’est-à-dire que que met en jeu la dignité de la femme parce que son corps est mis sur le marché. Le Parlement européen a d’ailleurs récemment pointé du doigt ce problème de la réification du corps de la femme estimant que la maternité pour le compte d’autrui “ doit être interdite, et qu’elle doit être examinée en priorité dans le cadre des instruments de défense des droits de l’homme ” (Résolutions 2015). Le droit français figure parmi les pays prohibitionnistes. Il s’est emparé du problème de réification du corps de la femme dès l’origine.
description: CRIANDO, N. 3 (2018): Economie del corpo femminile dal XVI al XXI secolo in America Latina, Europa e Giappone
What Is Required for Neuronal Calcium Waves? A Numerical Parameter Study
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Calcium waves
Endoplasmic reticulum
Ryanodine receptors
3D modeling
Structure-function interplay
Numerical simulation

description: © 2018, The Author(s). Neuronal calcium signals propagating by simple diffusion and reaction with mobile and stationary buffers are limited to cellular microdomains. The distance intracellular calcium signals can travel may be significantly increased by means of calcium-induced calcium release from internal calcium stores, notably the endoplasmic reticulum. The organelle, which can be thought of as a cell-within-a-cell, is able to sequester large amounts of cytosolic calcium ions via SERCA pumps and selectively release them into the cytosol through ryanodine receptor channels leading to the formation of calcium waves. In this study, we set out to investigate the basic properties of such dendritic calcium waves and how they depend on the three parameters dendrite radius, ER radius and ryanodine receptor density in the endoplasmic membrane. We demonstrate that there are stable and abortive regimes for calcium waves, depending on the above morphological and physiological parameters. In stable regimes, calcium waves can travel across long dendritic distances, similar to electrical action potentials. We further observe that abortive regimes exist, which could be relevant for spike-timing dependent plasticity, as travel distances and wave velocities vary with changing intracellular architecture. For some of these regimes, analytic functions could be derived that fit the simulation data. In parameter spaces, that are non-trivially influenced by the three-dimensional calcium concentration profile, we were not able to derive such a functional description, demonstrating the mathematical requirement to model and simulate biochemical signaling in three-dimensional space.
Discorsi della surrogazione
Creators: name: Garzone, Giuliana
Publisher: name: CRIANDO
Year: 2018
Subjects: maternità surrogata; siti internet; strategie discorsive; bioetica; surrogacy centers

description: Fin dalle sue origini negli anni ‘80, la maternità surrogata è stata uno dei temi più controversi, mantenendosi nel tempo al centro del dibattito civile, sempre alla ribalta seppure con momenti di maggior o minore attenzione, e tutt’ora attuale in molti paesi del mondo. Una semplice ricerca in Internet rimanda a decine di siti di organizzazioni che offrono questo tipo di servizi nel paese in cui hanno sede o all’estero. L’oggetto principale di indagine nel presente lavoro è per l’appunto l’analisi delle modalità discorsive con cui questi siti comunicano e costruiscono discorsivamente la pratica della maternità surrogata.
description: CRIANDO, N. 3 (2018): Economie del corpo femminile dal XVI al XXI secolo in America Latina, Europa e Giappone
Elliptical Weighted HOLICs for Weak Lensing Shear Measurement part2:PSF correction and application to Abell 370
Creators: name: Okura, Yuki
name: Futamase, Toshifumi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have developed a new method(E-HOLICs) of estimating gravitational shear by adopting an elliptical weight function to measure background galaxy images in our previous paper. Following to the previous paper where isotropic Point Spread Function(PSF) correction is calculated, we consider an anisotropic PSF correction in this paper in order to apply E-HOLICs for real data. A an example, E-HOLICs is applied to Subaru data of massive and compact galaxy clusters A370, and is able to detect double peaks in the central region of the cluster consistent with the analysis of strong lensing. We also study the systematic error in E-HOLICs using STEP II simulation. In particular we consider the dependences of signal to noise ratio "S/N" of background galaxies in the shear estimation. Although E-HOLICs does improve systematic error due to the ellipticity dependence as shown in part 1, a systematic error due to the S/N dependence remains, namely E-HOLICs underestimates shear when background galaxies with low S/N objects are used. We discuss a possible improvement of the S/N dependence.
description: 28 pages, 15 figures, submitted ApJ
The Law of Digital Matchmaking
Creators: name: SRIVASTAVA, NEERAV
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 480699
subject: Private law and civil obligations not elsewhere classified

description: ‘Digital matchmaking’ is a transaction that a platform facilitates that brings strangers into close physical proximity. Even though physically removed, the platform exercises significant control over the transaction. The strangers that are brought together are typically a guest, eg an Uber passenger, and a service provider (‘service providers’), eg an Uber driver. Uber, Airbnb, Airtasker, and Tinder are digital matchmakers. From a legal standpoint, digital matchmaking is largely unexplored. The thesis is on (i) the practice (ii) applicability of Australian law given that transactions are multi-jurisdictional and (iii) legal aspects of the relationship and interaction between platforms and users.
Semi-inclusive π0 target and beam-target asymmetries from 6 GeV electron scattering with CLAS
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Semi-inclusive deep-inelastic scattering
Single spin asymmetries
Double spin asymmetries
Transverse momentum distributions
Collins fragmentation

description: © 2018 The Authors We present precision measurements of the target and beam-target spin asymmetries from neutral pion electroproduction in deep-inelastic scattering (DIS) using the CEBAF Large Acceptance Spectrometer (CLAS) at Jefferson Lab. We scattered 6-GeV, longitudinally polarized electrons off longitudinally polarized protons in a cryogenic 14NH3 target, and extracted double and single target spin asymmetries for ep→e′π0X in multidimensional bins in four-momentum transfer (1.0
Stein Estimation for Spherically Symmetric Distributions: Recent Developments
Creators: name: Brandwein, Ann Cohen
name: Strawderman, William E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper reviews advances in Stein-type shrinkage estimation for spherically symmetric distributions. Some emphasis is placed on developing intuition as to why shrinkage should work in location problems whether the underlying population is normal or not. Considerable attention is devoted to generalizing the "Stein lemma" which underlies much of the theoretical development of improved minimax estimation for spherically symmetric distributions. A main focus is on distributional robustness results in cases where a residual vector is available to estimate an unknown scale parameter, and, in particular, in finding estimators which are simultaneously generalized Bayes and minimax over large classes of spherically symmetric distributions. Some attention is also given to the problem of estimating a location vector restricted to lie in a polyhedral cone.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/10-STS323 the Statistical Science (http://www.imstat.org/sts/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Phospholes in Conjugated Polythiophenes
Creators: name: Wilson, Jordan
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Chemistry--Polymer
subject: phosphorus
subject: organic
subject: Inorganic

description: New conjugated phenyl dithienophosphole-containing polythiophenes were synthesized and studied. These polymers displayed unique optoelectronic properties, with broad absorption profiles and tunable HOMO and LUMO energy levels. The first research chapter is focused on the design of dithienophosphole-containing polythiophenes for donor material applications in bulk heterojunction solar cells. Random copolymers containing 3,3’-didodecyl-2,2’-bithiophene coupled to varying amounts of dithienophosphole oxide and benzothiadiazole were synthesized via a developed Stille coupling protocol. Optoelectronic studies showed a dependence of the HOMO energy levels on dithienophosphole oxide, as well as a destabilization of the LUMO energy levels with increasing dithienophosphole oxide content. The second research chapter focused on chemical modifications of the P-center of dithienophosphole. Post-polymerization reactions were performed to yield fully and partially P-modified dithienophosphole-containing polythiophenes. P-modifications include a borane adduct, Au-complexation, Pd-complexation, and methylation. Pd-complexation formed an insoluble cross-linked copolymer. Optoelectronic studies showed P-modifications tune the HOMO and LUMO energy levels, without altering the energy bandgap.
Collagen Fingerprinting and the Earliest Marine Mammal Hunting in North America
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Animals
Archaeology
Bone and Bones
California
Collagen
Fossils
Fur Seals
Humans
Otters
Seals, Earless

description: © 2018 The Author(s). The submersion of Late Pleistocene shorelines and poor organic preservation at many early archaeological sites obscure the earliest effects of humans on coastal resources in the Americas. We used collagen fingerprinting to identify bone fragments from middens at four California Channel Island sites that are among the oldest coastal sites in the Americas (~12,500-8,500 cal BP). We document Paleocoastal human predation of at least three marine mammal families/species, including northern elephant seals (Mirounga angustirostris), eared seals (Otariidae), and sea otters (Enhydra lutris). Otariids and elephant seals are abundant today along the Pacific Coast of North America, but elephant seals are rare in late Holocene (<1500 cal BP) archaeological sites. Our data support the hypotheses that: (1) marine mammals helped fuel the peopling of the Americas; (2) humans affected marine mammal biogeography millennia before the devastation caused by the historic fur and oil trade; and (3) the current abundance and distribution of recovering pinniped populations on the California Channel Islands may mirror a pre-human baseline.
Controlling the emission from semiconductor quantum dots using ultra-small tunable optical microcavities
Creators: name: Di, Ziyun
name: Jones, Helene V.
name: Dolan, Philip R.
name: Fairclough, Simon M.
name: Wincott, Matthew B
name: Fill, Johnny
name: Hughes, Gareth M.
name: Smith, Jason M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the control of spontaneous emission from CdSe/ZnS core-shell quantum dots coupled to novel open-access optical microcavities. The cavities are fabricated by focused ion beam milling, and provide mode volumes less than a cubic micrometre. The quantum dot emission spectrum, spatial modes, and lifetime are all modified substantially by the presence of the cavity, and can be tuned by actively varying the cavity length. An increase in emission rate of 75% is achieved at room temperature, attributed to the Purcell effect in the 'bad emitter' regime. We demonstrate a high degree of control over the emission from the dots, including near single-mode operation and the ability to detect strong emission from individual nanocrystals.
Yang-Mills amplitude relations at loop level from non-adjacent BCFW shifts
Creators: name: Boels, Rutger H.
name: Isermann, Reinke Sven
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This article studies methods to obtain relations for scattering amplitudes at the loop level, with concrete examples at one loop. These methods originate in the analysis of large so-called Britto-Cachazo-Feng-Witten shifts of tree level amplitudes and loop level integrands. In particular BCFW shifts for particles which are not color adjacent and some particular generalizations of this situation are analyzed in some detail in four and higher dimensions. For generic non-adjacent shifts our results are independent of loop order for integrands and hold for generic minimally coupled gauge theories with possible scalar potential and Yukawa terms. By a standard argument this result indicates a generalization of the Bern-Carrasco-Johansson relations for tree level amplitudes exists to the integrand at all loop levels. A concrete relation is presented at one loop. Furthermore, inspired by results in QED it is shown that the results on generalized BCFW shifts of tree level amplitudes imply relations for the so-called rational, bubble and triangle terms of one loop amplitudes in pure Yang-Mills theory. Bubble and triangle terms for instance are shown to obey a five photon decoupling identity, while a three photon decoupling identity is demonstrated for the rational terms. Along the same lines recently conjectured relations for helicity equal amplitudes at one loop are shown to generalize to helicity independent relations for the massive box coefficient of the rational terms.
description: 69 pages, 27 figures
Ultrafast terahertz field control of electronic and structural interactions in vanadium dioxide
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2018
Subjects: cond-mat.str-el

description: © 2018 American Physical Society. Vanadium dioxide (VO2), an archetypal correlated-electron material, undergoes an insulator-metal transition near room temperature that exhibits electron-correlation-driven and structurally driven physics. Using ultrafast temperature- and fluence-dependent optical spectroscopy and x-ray scattering, we show that multiple interrelated electronic and structural processes in the nonequilibrium dynamics in VO2 can be disentangled in the time domain. Specifically, following intense subpicosecond terahertz (THz) electric-field excitation, a partial collapse of the insulating gap occurs within the first picosecond. At temperatures sufficiently close to the transition temperature and for THz peak fields above a threshold of approximately 1 MV/cm, this electronic reconfiguration initiates a change in lattice symmetry taking place on a slower timescale. We identify the kinetic energy increase of electrons tunneling in the strong electric field as the driving force, illustrating a promising method to control electronic and structural interactions in correlated materials on an ultrafast timescale.
The GREGOR Fabry-Perot Interferometer - A New Instrument for High-Resolution Spectropolarimetric Solar Observations
Creators: name: Puschmann, Klaus G.
name: Balthasar, Horst
name: Bauer, Svend-Marian
name: Hahn, Thomas
name: Popow, Emil
name: Seelemann, Thomas
name: Volkmer, Reiner
name: Woche, Manfred
name: Denker, Carsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fabry-Perot interferometers have advantages over slit spectrographs because they allow fast narrow-band imaging and post-factum image reconstruction of spectropolarimetric data. Temperature, plasma velocity, and magnetic field maps can be derived from inversions of photospheric and chromospheric spectral lines, thus, advancing our understanding of the dynamic Sun and its magnetic fields at the smallest spatial scales. The GREGOR Fabry-Perot Interferometer (GFPI) is one of two firstlight instruments of the 1.5-meter GREGOR solar telescope, which is currently being commissioned at the Observatorio del Teide, Tenerife, Spain. The GFPI operates close to the diffraction limit of GREGOR, thus, providing access to fine structures as small as 60 km on the solar surface. The field-of-view of 52"x 40" is sufficiently large to cover significant portions of active regions. The GFPI is a tuneable dual-etalon system in a collimated mounting. Equipped with a full-Stokes polarimeter, it records spectropolarimetric data with a spectral resolution of R = 250,000 over the wavelength range from 530-860 nm. Large-format, high-cadence CCD detectors with powerful computer hard- and software facilitate scanning of spectral lines in time spans corresponding to the evolution time-scale of solar features. We present the main characteristics of the GFPI including the latest developments in software, mechanical mounts, and optics.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures; to be published in ASP Conference Series, 2nd ATST-EAST Workshop: "Magnetic Fields from the Photosphere to the Corona", Washington DC, USA, November 9-11, 2011
Twist-3 generalized parton distributions in deeply-virtual Compton scattering
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2018
Subjects: hep-ph
hep-ex
nucl-ex

description: © 2018 authors. Published by the American Physical Society. The subleading power of the scattering amplitude for deeply-virtual Compton scattering (DVCS) off the nucleon contains leading-twist and twist-3 generalized parton distributions (GPDs). We point out that in DVCS, at twist-3 accuracy, one cannot address any individual twist-3 GPD. This complication appears on top of the deconvolution issues familiar from the twist-2 DVCS amplitude. Accessible are exclusively linear combinations involving both vector and axial-vector twist-3 GPDs. This implies, in particular, that the (kinetic) orbital angular momentum of quarks can hardly be constrained by twist-3 DVCS observables. Moreover, using the quark-target model, we find that twist-3 GPDs can be discontinuous. The discontinuities however cancel in the DVCS amplitude, which further supports the hypothesis of factorization at twist-3 accuracy.
Nuclear symmetry energy and neutron skin thickness
Creators: name: Warda, M.
name: Centelles, M.
name: Viñas, X.
name: Roca-Maza, X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The relation between the slope of the nuclear symmetry energy at saturation density and the neutron skin thickness is investigated. Constraints on the slope of the symmetry energy are deduced from the neutron skin data obtained in experiments with antiprotonic atoms. Two types of neutron skin are distinguished: the "surface" and the "bulk". A combination of both types forms neutron skin in most of nuclei. A prescription to calculate neutron skin thickness and the slope of symmetry energy parameter $L$ from the parity violating asymmetry measured in the PREX experiment is proposed.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures, Presented at XXXII Mazurian Lakes Conference on Physics, Piaski, Poland, September 11-18, 2011
Early childhood cognitive development is affected by interactions among illness, diet, enteropathogens and the home environment: Findings from the MAL-ED birth cohort study
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2018
Subjects: child health
hygiene
nutrition
anaemia
parasitology

description: © Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2018. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ. background Millions of children in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) are at risk of not reaching their full cognitive potential. Malnutrition and enteric infections in early life are implicated as risk factors; however, most studies on these risks and their associations with cognitive development have failed to adequately account for confounding factors or the accumulation of putative insults. Here, we examine the interaction between infections and illness on cognitive development in LMIC community settings. Methods As part of the Etiology, Risk Factors, and Interactions of Enteric Infections and Malnutrition and the Consequences for Child Health and Development (MAL-ED) longitudinal birth cohort study, children from eight LMICs were followed from birth to 24 months to understand the influence of repeated enteric infections on child growth and development. Here, data from six sites were employed to evaluate associations between infection, illness, the home environment, micronutrient intake and status, maternal reasoning, and cognitive development at 24 months. results Higher rates of enteropathogen detection and days with illness were associated with lower haemoglobin concentrations, which in turn were associated with lower cognitive scores at 24 months. Children with lower environmental health/safety scores and lower intakes of vitamin B 6 and folate had more enteropathogen detections and illness. Strength of associations varied by weight-for-age in the first 17 days of life; lower weight infants were more susceptible to the negative effects of enteropathogens and illness. Conclusions Enteropathogens were negatively related to child cognitive development. However, other factors were more strongly associated with child cognition. Targeting of interventions to improve cognitive development should include a focus on reducing frequency of illness, improving the safety and healthfulness of the child's environment, and improving dietary intake.
MPEC 2023-H116 : 2023 HL2
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 HL2

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Health economic studies : a focus on health related quality of life, health resource utilization and falls prevention in vulnerable community dwelling seniors
Creators: name: Davis, Jennifer Colleen
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Introduction: This thesis comprises six studies that address important economic issues related to falls prevention in community living seniors. Aims: 1) To ascertain the economic burden of falls in different countries and examine why these costs differ. 2) To determine which falls prevention strategies provide the best value for money. 3) and 4) To estimate the cost-effectiveness and cost-utility of once and twice weekly resistance training compared with balance and tone classes for one year and two years in terms of falls prevented and quality adjusted life years (QALYs) gained. 5) To: a) quantify the difference in the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) when the QALYs are generated from the EuroQol 5D (EQ-5D) and from the Short Form 6D (SF-6D) over the 12-month intervention period of the Brain Power study, b) determine key predictors of changes in health related quality of life and health resource utilization. 6) To determine whether executive functions are independently associated with health related quality of life in older women. Methods: I conducted two systematic reviews, two comprehensive cost-effectiveness and cost-utility analyses, a comparison of two generic preference based utility instruments and an exploratory study of the association between QALYs and cognition. Results: 1) The mean cost of falls ranged from US $3476 per faller to US $26 483 per fall requiring hospitalization. 2) The best value for money in falls prevention comes from interventions targeting high-risk groups. 3) Once weekly and twice weekly resistance training were cost saving compared with balance and tone classes (comparator). 4) The benefits in the year after participating were not sustained for both resistance training groups. 5) ICERs estimated from the SF-6D and EQ-5D may result in different conclusions. 6) Executive function is an independent predictor of QALYs in older women. Summary: Falls prevention strategies can be cost saving and are related to quality of life and executive function in specific groups of community dwelling seniors. Establishing consistency in economic evaluation methods is a priority for comparison of costs, QALYs and value for money between countries and between effective falls prevention strategies.
Conflict as a contributory factor in built environment apprenticeship completion in The Republic of Ireland
Creators: name: O'Neill, Tadhg
name: Mc Mahon, Elma
name: Spillane, John
name: Bradley, Jim
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 40
subject: Engineering

description: The adversarial, conflict-stricken environment in which the construction sector operates, has long been noted by practitioners and academics alike. This high-tension environment is often noted as an inhibitor in the recruitment and/or retention of labour. Apprenticeships are an essential source of labour for the Irish construction industry; there are 66 apprenticeships available, 8 of which are directly involved in the built environment. These include apprentices in carpentry, plumbing, and electrical. As part of a wider research plan into apprenticeship completion rates, the relationship between organisational conflict and apprenticeship completion is investigated. 75 questionnaires are completed at Phase 6 of training within an education centre. Participants are allowed to detail their experience with organisational conflict and the influence in which it has on their apprenticeship. The findings indicate that 64% have experienced organisational conflict within their profession, with 20% admitting it caused them to question their career choice. These findings will allow for increased ability to manage and mitigate the influence of organisational conflict on apprenticeships, with the goal of increasing completion rates, which are currently at 70%.
Interchange Slip-Running Reconnection and Sweeping SEP Beams
Creators: name: Masson, S.
name: Aulanier, G.
name: Pariat, E.
name: Klein, K. -L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new model to explain how particles (solar energetic particles; SEPs), accelerated at a reconnection site that is not magnetically connected to the Earth, could eventually propagate along the well-connected open flux tube. Our model is based on the results of a low-beta resistive magnetohydrodynamics simulation of a three-dimensional line-tied and initially current-free bipole, that is embedded in a non-uniform open potential field. The topology of this configuration is that of an asymmetric coronal null-point, with a closed fan surface and an open outer spine. When driven by slow photospheric shearing motions, field lines, initially fully anchored below the fan dome, reconnect at the null point, and jump to the open magnetic domain. This is the standard interchange mode as sketched and calculated in 2D. The key result in 3D is that, reconnected open field lines located in the vicinity of the outer spine, keep reconnecting continuously, across an open quasi-separatrix layer, as previously identified for non-open-null-point reconnection. The apparent slipping motion of these field lines leads to form an extended narrow magnetic flux tube at high altitude. Because of the slip-running reconnection, we conjecture that if energetic particles would be traveling through, or be accelerated inside, the diffusion region, they would be successively injected along continuously reconnecting field lines that are connected farther and farther from the spine. At the scale of the full Sun, owing to the super-radial expansion of field lines below 3 solar radii, such energetic particles could easily be injected in field lines slipping over significant distances, and could eventually reach the distant flux tube that is well-connected to the Earth.
AÇÕES EDUCATIVAS AOS PORTADORES DE HIPERTENSÃO ARTERIAL SISTÊMICA NO ÂMBITO DA ATENÇÃO BÁSICA: ÊNFASE NA PERCEPÇÃO DA FAMÍLIA
Creators: name: De Sousa Santos, Allan Bruno Alves
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Família, Promoção da Saúde, Hipertensão e Atenção Básica.

description: as ações educativas através da comunicação de forma simples e objetiva e o acolhimento são ferramentas essenciais no processo de cuidar desenvolvidos na atenção primária. Objetivo: identificar nas bases cientificas, a importância das ações educativas ofertadas aos portadores de hipertensão arterial sistêmica no âmbito da atenção básica, com ênfase nas contribuições para à família. Metodologia: este estudo trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, no qual foram selecionados 13 artigos com publicações nos últimos 20 anos, encontrados na LILACS, BDENF, MEDLINE e o portal da SciELO, através da BVS e PubMed. Utilizado os descritores: “Família, Promoção da Saúde, Hipertensão e Atenção Básica”. Resultados e discussão: Obteve-se a criação de duas categorias que pudessem facilitar a organização e discussão dos resultados. As principais ações educativas evidenciadas foram, as palestras, rodas de conversas e oficinas em grupo. Em beneficio decorrentes destas atividades evidenciaram-se, uma melhoria na adesão medicamentosa, alimentação, práticas de exercícios físicos e um controle dos níveis pressóricos. Relacionados a percepção familiar, aponta-se benefícios relacionados a uma melhor convivência e manejo do tratamento terapêutico. Conclusão: entende-se por este estudo abordado, que a implementação das ações educativas a pacientes hipertensos no âmbito da atenção básica, ocasiona inúmeros benefícios a população
The involvement of PPARs in the peculiar energetic metabolism of tumor cells
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2018
Subjects: nuclear receptors
energy metabolism
cancer metabolism

description: © 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. Energy homeostasis is crucial for cell fate, since all cellular activities are strongly dependent on the balance between catabolic and anabolic pathways. In particular, the modulation of metabolic and energetic pathways in cancer cells has been discussed in some reports, but subsequently has been neglected for a long time. Meanwhile, over the past 20 years, a recovery of the study regarding cancer metabolism has led to an increasing consideration of metabolic alterations in tumors. Cancer cells must adapt their metabolism to meet their energetic and biosynthetic demands, which are associated with the rapid growth of the primary tumor and colonization of distinct metastatic sites. Cancer cells are largely dependent on aerobic glycolysis for their energy production, but are also associated with increased fatty acid synthesis and increased rates of glutamine consumption. In fact, emerging evidence has shown that therapeutic resistance to cancer treatment may arise from the deregulation of glucose metabolism, fatty acid synthesis, and glutamine consumption. Cancer cells exhibit a series of metabolic alterations induced by mutations that lead to a gain-of-function of oncogenes, and a loss-of-function of tumor suppressor genes, including increased glucose consumption, reduced mitochondrial respiration, an increase of reactive oxygen species, and cell death resistance; all of these are responsible for cancer progression. Cholesterol metabolism is also altered in cancer cells and supports uncontrolled cell growth. In this context, we discuss the roles of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), which are master regulators of cellular energetic metabolism in the deregulation of the energetic homeostasis, which is observed in cancer. We highlight the different roles of PPAR isotypes and the differential control of their transcription in various cancer cells.
Surface-enhanced raman scattering spectroscopy and microfluidics: Towards ultrasensitive label-free sensing
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2018
Subjects: label-free
microfluidics
surface-enhanced Raman scattering
Bacteria
Biosensing Techniques
Food Microbiology
Microfluidics
Nanoparticles
Ochratoxins
Spectrum Analysis, Raman

description: © 2018 by the authors. Raman scattering and surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectroscopy have demonstrated their potential as ultrasensitive detection techniques in the past decades. Specifically, and as a result of the flourishing of nanotechnology, SERS is nowadays one of the most powerful sensing techniques, not only because of the low detection limits that it can achieve, but also for the structural information that it offers and its capability of multiplexing. Similarly, microfluidics technology is having an increased presence not only in fundamental research, but also in the industry. The latter is because of the intrinsic characteristics of microfluidics, being automation, high-throughput, and miniaturization. However, despite miniaturization being an advantage, it comes together with the need to use ultrasensitive techniques for the interrogation of events happening in extremely small volumes. The combination of SERS with microfluidics can overcome bottlenecks present in both technologies. As a consequence, the integration of Raman and SERS in microfluidics is being investigated for the label-free biosensing of relevant research challenges.
The Constraints of Conformal Symmetry on RG Flows
Creators: name: Komargodski, Zohar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: If the coupling constants in QFT are promoted to functions of space-time, the dependence of the path integral on these couplings is highly constrained by conformal symmetry. We begin the present note by showing that this idea leads to a new proof of Zamolodchikov's theorem. We then review how this simple observation also leads to a derivation of the a-theorem. We exemplify the general procedure in some interacting theories in four space-time dimensions. We concentrate on Banks-Zaks and weakly relevant flows, which can be controlled by ordinary and conformal perturbation theories, respectively. We compute explicitly the dependence of the path integral on the coupling constants and extract the change in the a-anomaly (this agrees with more conventional computations of the same quantity). We also discuss some general properties of the sum rule found in arXiv:1107.3987 and study it in several examples.
description: 25 pages, 5 figures
Nowe stanowiska Prostemma guttula (Fabricius, 1787) (Heteroptera: Nabidae) w Polsce / New localities of Prostemma guttula (Fabricius, 1787) (Heteroptera: Nabidae) in Poland
Creators: name: Kojder, Dariusz
name: Gierlasiński, Grzegorz
name: Rutkowski, Tomasz
Publisher: name: University of Opole
Year: 2023
Subjects: damsel bugs
faunistics
new records
true bugs
Poalnd

description: This note presents four new localities of Prostemma guttula, a species rarely collected in Poland. The literature data on this true bug were limited to the western part of the country. The new site from Zielona Góra may indicate a potential direction for expanding its range of occurrence. Additional information about the biology and distribution of this species in Poland is also provided.
Experiences of vulnerable women in a prenatal education class in Calgary: An ethnographic approach
Creators: name: Yumakulov, Sophya
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Public Health
subject: Promotion
subject: qualitative
subject: Vulnerable
subject: Ethnography
subject: Prenatal

description: Vulnerable populations are under-represented in prenatal education and experience barriers to access despite many programs being free of charge. Understanding how vulnerable women perceive and experience prenatal education can point to what factors might aid in recruiting and retaining them in education programs. I conducted an ethnographic study of prenatal classes at the Calgary Pregnancy Care Centre. Through observations, field notes, and in-depth interviews with participants, four main themes emerged: Perceptions of the class - classes were seen as a source of social support (esp. for lone mothers) as well as formal knowledge about pregnancy and birth; The “nature” of the client – instructors’ assumptions about the “nature” of the clients dictated how the classes were run; Formal knowledge vs. experiential knowledge, and Lone mothers and the role of partners. Prenatal education programs should consider the diverse perspectives which surround and shape vulnerable women’s experiences of prenatal education.
MPEC 2023-H117 : 2023 HM2
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 HM2

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Fungal and bacterial contributions to hyphosphere enzyme activity
Creators: name: Brooks, Denise Dowdy
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: In temperate forests, trees form symbiotic associations with fungi on their roots; the majority being an ectomycorrhizal alliance. Ectomycorrhizal fungi (EMF) secrete phosphatase enzymes which mobilize phosphorus from soil organic matter to their host. Soil bacteria also contribute to phosphorus mobilization through phosphatase release. I characterized bacterial and EMF contributions to phosphatase activity in forest soils regenerating after stand-replacing wildfire or from clearcut logging followed by broadcast burning. Fire can cause ecosystem phosphorus loss and can change microbial community structure, but it is unclear what effects these changes have on phosphorus availability. To link EMF hyphae with phosphorus mobilization in forest soil, I developed a novel method for visualizing fine-scale soil enzyme activity in-situ. Visualization of phosphatase activity across a chronosequence forest stands demonstrated a change in the pattern of in-situ soil phosphatase activity; areas of phosphatase activity were smaller in stands less than 61 years-old (stand initiation to canopy closure) and became larger in stands 61 to 103 years-old (stem exclusion to post stem exclusion). To link EMF with areas of high and low phosphatase activity I also developed a new soil sampling method where enzyme activity was first visualized and then used to guide small, targeted, soil samples from the soil profile for molecular (T-RFLP) analysis. The number of EMF molecular signatures was not different between the high and low-phosphatase soil microsites in stands less than 61 years-old, but in older stands, there were typically more EMF signatures in areas of low phosphatase activity. Bacteria also contribute to soil phosphatase activity; therefore, I investigated the effect of EMF hyphae on the enzyme activities of nearby soil bacteria by trapping bacteria and EMF hyphae in-situ using sand-filled mesh bags. Bacteria from the bags with hyphal ingrowth had lower phosphatase activities than bacteria from bags without hyphae. Given the higher number of EMF signatures present in low compared to high phosphatase microsites and the lower phosphatase activities of bacteria near hyphae, it is possible that EMF species may be excluded from organic phosphorus or may compete for phosphorus by excluding other EMF and selecting for less competitive soil bacteria.
Learning atoms for materials discovery
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2018
Subjects: atomism
machine learning
materials discovery

description: © 2018 National Academy of Sciences. All Rights Reserved. Exciting advances have been made in artificial intelligence (AI) during recent decades. Among them, applications of machine learning (ML) and deep learning techniques brought human-competitive performances in various tasks of fields, including image recognition, speech recognition, and natural language understanding. Even in Go, the ancient game of profound complexity, the AI player has already beat human world champions convincingly with and without learning from the human. In this work, we show that our unsupervised machines (Atom2Vec) can learn the basic properties of atoms by themselves from the extensive database of known compounds and materials. These learned properties are represented in terms of high-dimensional vectors, and clustering of atoms in vector space classifies them into meaningful groups consistent with human knowledge. We use the atom vectors as basic input units for neural networks and other ML models designed and trained to predict materials properties, which demonstrate significant accuracy.
Search for three-nucleon short-range correlations in light nuclei
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2018
Subjects: nucl-ex

description: © 2018 American Physical Society. We present new data probing short-range correlations (SRCs) in nuclei through the measurement of electron scattering off high-momentum nucleons in nuclei. The inclusive He4/He3 cross section ratio is observed to be both x and Q2 independent for 1.52, our data support the hypothesis that a previous claim of three-nucleon correlation dominance was an artifact caused by the limited resolution of the measurement. While 3N-SRCs appear to have an important contribution, our data show that isolating 3N-SRCs is significantly more complicated than for 2N-SRCs.