cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Blockchain Scalability through Secure Optimistic Protocols
Creators: name: Eckey, Lisa
Publisher: name: UNSPECIFIED
Year: 2020

description: The digital currency Bitcoin has become a popular payment technology since its invention in 2008. Countless other projects have adopted and expanded the functionality of the underlying blockchain technology. These so-called cryptographic currencies allow users to send financial transactions over a decentralized global network. Some of these currencies even support payments that are based on complex conditions, also called smart contracts. The biggest obstacle to the practical use of cryptographic currencies is their limited scalability. Without a solution to this problem, blockchain technology cannot support the continuously growing user base or compete with centralized payment providers. This thesis presents three approaches to scaling that increase the number of transactions or enable a cheaper and faster execution of smart contracts. The first contribution of this thesis is the Perun protocol, which allows a network of users to send a large number of microtransactions at no cost. For this purpose, all users of the system open a so-called payment channel once and use it to send off-chain transactions without costs or delays. We will also show how to combine these channels in an off-chain manner to so-called virtual channels that connect even more users. The next contribution of this dissertation is the FairSwap protocol, which aims at reducing the costs for the secure sale of large digital goods. It improves the scalability of such “fair exchange” protocols by reducing both the storage requirements and the complexity of the underlying smart contracts. We then present another protocol called FastKitten, which uses a Trusted Execution Environment (TEE) to secure the off-chain execution of smart contracts. A TEE provides a secure runtime environment in which programs are executed safely and correctly. This allows an operator to execute the smart contracts on inputs from the users off-chain, which makes the execution much faster and cheaper for all participants. To guarantee the security of these protocols, each construction is accompanied by detailed formal security definitions and cryptographic proofs. Furthermore, we demonstrate the efficiency of the protocols by implementing and analyzing the costs of each protocol.
1.This issue
Creators: name: Pasini, Enrico
Publisher: name: GISI - UniTO
Year: 2018

description: This issue, the amplest we have published up to now, dedicates the whole ‘Articles’ section to a collection of selected papers on the political, economic and cultural heritage of the Reformation in present-day Europe, seen from the point of view of intellectual history. The papers were originally presented at an international workshop on ‘Luther’s modernity’ that took place in Turin in 2017, to celebrate the 500thanniversary of the Reformation, at the Department of Historical Studies, in collaboration with the University of Neuchâtel and the CEDRE (Centre européen d’études républicaines). The collection opens with the Introduction by the editors of the special issue, Manuela Albertone and Olivier Christin.

The “Notes” section sees the second installment in the series of Research Reports that we commenced in 2014. It also inaugurates a train of reflection on digital humanities and the history of ideas that we hope will be long and fruitful.
description: Journal of Interdisciplinary History of Ideas, Vol 7, No 13 (2018): Contemporary Luther / Luther contemporain
A Survey on Applications of H-Technique: Revisiting Security Analysis of PRP and PRF
Creators: name: Jha, Ashwin
name: Nandi, Mridul
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2023

description: The Coefficients H Technique (also called H-technique), developed by Patarin in circa '91, is a tool to obtain upper bounds on distinguishing advantages. This tool is known to provide relatively simpler and (in some cases) tight bound proofs in comparison to some other well-known tools such as the Game-playing technique and Random Systems methodology. In this systematization of knowledge (SoK) paper, we aim to provide a brief survey on the H-technique. The SoK is in four parts: First, we redevelop the necessary nomenclatures and tools required to study the security of any symmetric key design, especially in the H-technique setting. Second, we give a full description of H-technique and some related tools. Third, we give (simple) H-technique based proofs for some popular symmetric-key designs, across different paradigms. Finally, we show that H-technique can actually provide optimal bounds on distinguishing advantage.
Regeneration in thinned and unthinned uneven-aged interior Douglas-fir stands
Creators: name: Goberti, Enrico Maria
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The specific objectives of this study were to: (i) assess the impact of overstory conditions and disturbance history of interior Douglas-fir dominated stands on the quantity and quality of regeneration present; and (ii) document the impact of mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins) on the regeneration in these types of stands. Overstory tree data from permanent sample plots and regeneration data from newly installed permanent subplots on each of the overstory plots were collected and compiled by plot, block, and treatment on a pre-commercial thinning experiment installation. This installation is located in drybelt Douglas-fir stands on the Knife Creek Block of the UBC Alex Fraser Research Forest in the vicinity of Williams Lake, BC. Several methods of assessing regeneration quantity (number of germinants and seedlings) and quality (three-year height growth) were used: mixed models, zero-inflated general linear models, and Classification and Regression Tree. Regeneration quantity and quality differed across the study site. Block B had relatively few seedlings and all were Douglas-fir; the other two blocks (C and D) had more regeneration comprised of several species. The control plots on all blocks had low amounts of Douglas-fir regeneration. Seedlings in the control plots had the lowest predicted three-year height growth, while the best height growth was found in the 5 m clumped spacing. Plot (larger scale) variables were less important than other variable types for determining the number of seedlings in a subplot. Having less than 35% ground coverage of crown litter (dead needles, small twigs, etc.) on a subplot was the best indicator of the presence of germinants. The best variables to predict the presence of seedlings were grass and herb ground coverage of more than 15% and less than 25% ground coverage by crown litter. The number of germinants did not vary significantly among treatments, although fewer were found on the control plots. Plots were compared to determine the effect of lodgepole pine mortality on the quantities of seedlings or germinants present. There was only weak evidence that seedling quality (as reflected by three-year height growth) was better on plots that had higher levels of recent mortality.
Vector bundles over noncommutative nodal curves
Creators: name: Drozd, Yuriy A.
name: Voloshyn, Denys E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14A22 (Primary) 14H60, 16G60 (Secondary)

description: We desribe vector bundles over a class of noncommutative curves, namely, over noncommutative nodal curves of string type and of almost string type. We also prove that in other cases the classification of vector bundles over a noncommutative curve is a wild problem.
description: 18 pages
title: Collection, acces and use of human genetic information for precision medicines
title: risk governance considerations
titleType: Subtitle
title: Collection, acces and use of human genetic information for precision medicines
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: International Risk Governance Center
Publisher: name: International Risk Governance Center
Year: 2016

description: Tsinghua University School of Public Policy and Management, Beijing, China 28 – 29 August 2015
Scale Dependence of the Halo Bias in General Local-Type Non-Gaussian Models I: Analytical Predictions and Consistency Relations
Creators: name: Nishimichi, Takahiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the clustering of halos in cosmological models starting with general local-type non-Gaussian primordial fluctuations. We employ multiple Gaussian fields and add local-type non-Gaussian corrections at arbitrary order to cover a class of models described by frequently-discussed f_nl, g_nl and τ_nl parameterization. We derive a general formula for the halo power spectrum based on the peak-background split formalism. The resultant spectrum is characterized by only two parameters responsible for the scale-dependent bias at large scale arising from the primordial non-Gaussianities in addition to the Gaussian bias factor. We introduce a new inequality for testing non-Gaussianities originating from multi fields, which is directly accessible from the observed power spectrum. We show that this inequality is a generalization of the Suyama-Yamaguchi inequality between f_nl and τ_nl to the primordial non-Gaussianities at arbitrary order. We also show that the amplitude of the scale-dependent bias is useful to distinguish the simplest quadratic non-Gaussianities (i.e., f_nl-type) from higher-order ones (g_nl and higher), if one measures it from multiple species of galaxies or clusters of galaxies. We discuss the validity and limitations of our analytic results by comparison with numerical simulations in an accompanying paper.
description: 25 pages, 3 figures, typo corrected, Appendix C updated, submitted to JCAP
Interface Balance Laws, Growth Conditions and Explicit Interface Modeling Using Algebraic Level Sets for Multiphase Solids with Inhomogeneous Surface Stress
Creators: name: Pavankumar Vaitheeswaran
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mechanical Engineering
subject: FOS: Mechanical engineering

description: Interface balance laws are derived to describe transport across a phase interface. This is used to derive generalized conditions for phase nucleation and growth, valid even for solids with inhomogeneous surface stress.
An explicit interface tracking approach called Enriched Isogeometric Analysis (EIGA) is used to simulate phase evolution. Algebraic level sets are used as a measure of distance and for point projection, both necessary operations in EIGA. Algebraic level sets are observed to often fail for surfaces. Rectification measures are developed to make algebraic level sets more robust and applicable for general surfaces. The proposed methods are demonstrated on electromigration problems. The simulations are validated by modeling electromigration experiments conducted on Cu-TiN line structures.
To model topological changes, common in phase evolution problems, Boolean operations are performed on the algebraic level sets using R-functions. This is demonstrated on electromigration simulations on solids with multiple voids, and on a bubble coalescence problem.
A survey on the group of points arising from elliptic curves with a Weierstrass model over a ring
Creators: name: Sala, Massimiliano
name: Taufer, Daniele
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2023

description: We survey the known group structures arising from elliptic curves defined by Weierstrass models over commutative rings with unity and satisfying a technical condition. For every considered base ring, the groups that may arise depending on the curve coefficients are recalled. When a complete classification is still out of reach, partial results about the group structure and relevant subgroups are provided. Several examples of elliptic curves over the inspected rings are provided, and open questions regarding the structure of their points are highlighted.
An infinite family of superintegrable Hamiltonians with reflection in the plane
Creators: name: Post, Sarah
name: Vinet, Luc
name: Zhedanov, Alexei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 15A18, 05E35, 33D45, 34Kxx, 81Q60

description: We introduce a new infinite class of superintegrable quantum systems in the plane. Their Hamiltonians involve reflection operators. The associated Schrödinger equations admit separation of variables in polar coordinates and are exactly solvable. The angular part of the wave function is expressed in terms of little -1 Jacobi polynomials. The spectra exhibit "accidental" degeneracies. The superintegrability of the model is proved using the recurrence relation approach. The (higher-order) constants of motion are constructed and the structure equations of the symmetry algebra obtained.
description: 19 pages
Removing spurious interactions in complex networks
Creators: name: Zeng, An
name: Cimini, Giulio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Identifying and removing spurious links in complex networks is a meaningful problem for many real applications and is crucial for improving the reliability of network data, which in turn can lead to a better understanding of the highly interconnected nature of various social, biological and communication systems. In this work we study the features of different simple spurious link elimination methods, revealing that they may lead to the distortion of networks' structural and dynamical properties. Accordingly, we propose a hybrid method which combines similarity-based index and edge-betweenness centrality. We show that our method can effectively eliminate the spurious interactions while leaving the network connected and preserving the network's functionalities.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures
Chrysis mediadentata Linsenmaier 1951
Creators: name: Paukkunen, Juho
name: Rosa, Paolo
name: Soon, Villu
name: Johansson, Niklas
name: Ødegaard, Frode
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Masaridae
Chrysis
Chrysis mediadentata

description: 14. Chrysis mediadentata Linsenmaier, 1951
Chrysis ignita var. mediadentata Linsenmaier 1951: 75. Lectotype ♂ (designated by Linsenmaier 1959: 157); Switzerland: Wallis (NMLS) (examined) (Chrysis ignita group).
Remarks. The species has been reported from Finland by Valkeila (1962: 64, as C. ignita mediadentata), Valkeila et al. (1963: 40, as C. ignita mediadentata), Silfverberg (1981: 61), Vikberg (1986b: 68) and Ranta (2012: 33), from Norway by Erlandsson (1971: 88), Artsdatabanken (2010) and Rosa & Soon (2012), and from Sweden by Erlandsson (1971: 88), Janzon (1983: 171), Nilsson (1991: 86) and Rosa & Soon 2012 (as doubtful). All checked specimens have turned out to be incorrectly determined. A large proportion of them belong to an unknown taxon, which is closely related to C. ignita and C. impressa (see Chrysis sp.), but many belong to other species of the ignita group. Apparently, the distribution of C. mediadentata does not reach the Nordic and Baltic countries in Europe. The closest confirmed record is from northern Germany (Jakobs & Kornmilch 2007).
description: Published as part of Paukkunen, Juho, Rosa, Paolo, Soon, Villu, Johansson, Niklas & Ødegaard, Frode, 2014, Faunistic review of the cuckoo wasps of Fennoscandia, Denmark and the Baltic countries (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae), pp. 1-67 in Zootaxa 3864 (1) on page 53, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3864.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4930433
A Truly Robust Signal Temporal Logic: Monitoring Safety Properties of Interacting Cyber-Physical Systems under Uncertain Observation
Creators: name: Finkbeiner, Bernd
name: Fränzle, Martin
name: Kohn, Florian
name: Kröger, Paul
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2023

description: Signal Temporal Logic is a linear-time temporal logic designed for classifying the time-dependent signals originating from continuous-state or hybrid-state dynamical systems according to formal specifications. It has been conceived as a tool for systematizing the monitoring of cyber-physical systems, supporting the automatic translation of complex safety specifications into monitoring algorithms, faithfully representing their semantics. Almost all algorithms hitherto suggested do, however, assume perfect identity between the sensor readings, informing the monitor about the system state and the actual ground truth. Only recently have Visconti et al. addressed the issue of inexact measurements, taking up the simple model of interval-bounded per-sample error that is unrelated, in the sense of chosen afresh, across samples. We expand their analysis by decomposing the error into an unknown yet fixed offset and an independent per-sample error and show that in this setting, monitoring of temporal properties no longer coincides with collecting Boolean combinations of state predicates evaluated in each time instant over best-possible per-sample state estimates, but can be genuinely more informative in that it infers determinate truth values for monitoring conditions that interval-based evaluation remains inconclusive about. For the model-free as well as for the linear model-based case, we provide optimal evaluation algorithms based on affine arithmetic and SAT modulo theory, solving over linear arithmetic. The resulting algorithms provide conclusive monitoring verdicts in many cases where state estimations inherently remain inconclusive. In their model-based variants, they can simultaneously address the issues of uncertain sensing and partial observation.
Contribution of isovector mesons to the symmetry energy in a microscopic model
Creators: name: Sammarruca, Francesca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the potential energy contribution to the symmetry energy (in the parabolic approximation) arising from the isovector mesons, π, ρ, and δ. The significance of a microscopic model which incorporates all important mesons is revealed. In particular, we demonstrate the importance of the pion for a realistic investigation of isospin-sensitive systems.
description: Revised, extended. Accepted for publication in Physical Review C. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1002.0146
Multi-field inflation with random potentials: field dimension, feature scale and non-Gaussianity
Creators: name: Frazer, Jonathan
name: Liddle, Andrew R
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the super-horizon evolution of the two-point and three-point correlation functions of the primordial density perturbation in randomly-generated multi-field potentials. We use the Transport method to evolve perturbations and give full evolutionary histories for observables. Identifying the separate universe assumption as being analogous to a geometrical description of light rays, we give an expression for the width of the bundle, thereby allowing us to monitor evolution towards the adiabatic limit, as well as providing a useful means of understanding the behaviour in $f_NL$. Finally, viewing our random potential as a toy model of inflation in the string landscape, we build distributions for observables by evolving trajectories for a large number of realisations of the potential and comment on the prospects for testing such models. We find the distributions for observables to be insensitive to the number of fields over the range 2 to 6, but that these distributions are highly sensitive to the scale of features in the potential. Most sensitive to the scale of features is the spectral index, with more than an order of magnitude increase in the dispersion of predictions over the range of feature scales investigated. Least sensitive was the non-Gaussianity parameter $f_NL$, which was consistently small; we found no examples of realisations whose non-Gaussianity is capable of being observed by any planned experiment.
description: 22 pages, 9 figures
Effect of Growth Stages and Lactic Acid Fermentation on Anti-Nutrients and Nutritional Attributes of Spinach (Spinacia oleracea)
Creators: name: Naseem, Adila
name: Akhtar, Saeed
name: Ismail, Tariq
name: Qamar, Muhammad
name: Sattar, Dur-E-Shahwar
name: Saeed, Wisha
name: Esatbeyoglu, Tuba
name: Bartkiene, Elena
name: Rocha, João Miguel
Publisher: name: Basel : MDPI
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: antinutrient
subject: antioxidant activity
subject: fermentation
subject: glucosinolate
subject: growth stages
subject: Spinacia oleracea
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::570 | Biowissenschaften, Biologie

description: Spinach (Spinacia oleracea) is a winter-season green, leafy vegetable grown all over the world, belonging to the family Amaranthus, sub-family Chenopodiaceae. Spinach is a low-caloric food and an enormous source of micronutrients, e.g., calcium, folates, zinc, retinol, iron, ascorbic acid and magnesium. Contrarily, it also contains a variety of anti-nutritional factors, e.g., alkaloids, phytates, saponins, oxalates, tannins and many other natural toxicants which may hinder nutrient-absorption. This study was aimed at investigating the effect of fermentation on improving the nutrient-delivering potential of spinach and mitigating its burden of antinutrients and toxicants at three growth stages: the 1st growth stage as baby leaves, the 2nd growth stage at the coarse stage, and the 3rd growth stage at maturation. The results revealed the significant (p < 0.05) effect of fermentation on increasing the protein and fiber content of spinach powder from 2.53 to 3.53% and 19.33 to 22.03%, respectively, and on reducing total carbohydrate content from 52.92 to 40.52%; the effect was consistent in all three growth stages. A significant decline in alkaloids (6.45 to 2.20 mg/100 g), oxalates (0.07 mg/100 g to 0.02 mg/100 g), phytates (1.97 to 0.43 mg/100 g) and glucosinolates (201 to 10.50 µmol/g) was observed as a result of fermentation using Lactiplantibacillus plantarum. Fermentation had no impact on total phenolic content and the antioxidant potential of spinach, as evaluated using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays. This study proposes fermentation as a safer bioprocess for improving the nutrient-delivering potential of spinach, and suggests processed powders made from spinach as a cost-effective complement to existing plant proteins.
Principles of crystal growth of intermetallic and oxide compounds from molten solutions
Creators: name: Fisher, I. R.
name: Shapiro, M. C.
name: Analytis, J. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a tutorial on the principles of crystal growth of intermetallic and oxide compounds from molten solutions, with an emphasis on the fundamental principles governing the underlying phase equilibria and phase diagrams of multicomponent systems.
description: 43 pages, 24 figures; Philosophical Magazine, 2012
Learning of cooperative behavior for multi-agent software testing
Creators: name: Kidney, Jordan James
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 2006

description: Bibliography: p. 100-104
description: Some pages are in colour.
description: In this thesis work we present a new model for testing complex systems. Our model is based upon using learning of cooperative behavior for testing complex systems. Specifically, we concentrate on the testing of multi-agent systems for high level behavior. Our model includes a multi-agent system that learns the required coordination needed between a group of tester agents to cause a desired behavior to be exhibited in the targeted system. As a test application, we use the Agent Rescue Emergency Simulator (ARES) system. The ARES system presents a simple post urban disaster zone where different agents must work together to save survivors . The ARES system is used to show our model in action as it relates to the testing problems presented by the system.
Compositional synthesis of modular systems
Creators: name: Finkbeiner, Bernd
name: Passing, Noemi
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2023

description: In contrast to the breakthroughs in reactive synthesis of monolithic systems, distributed synthesis is not yet practical. Compositional approaches can be a key technique for scalable algorithms. Here, the challenge is to decompose a specification of the global system into local requirements on the individual processes. In this paper, we present and extend a sound and complete compositional synthesis algorithm that constructs for each process, in addition to the strategy, a certificate that captures the necessary interface between the processes. The certificates define an assume-guarantee contract that allows for formulating individual process requirements. By bounding the size of the certificates, we then bias the synthesis procedure towards solutions that are desirable in the sense that they have a small interface. We have implemented our approach and evaluated it on scalable benchmarks: It is much faster than standard methods for distributed synthesis as long as reasonably small certificates exist. Otherwise, the overhead of synthesizing additional certificates is small.
E11, generalised space-time and equations of motion in four dimensions
Creators: name: West, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct the non-linear realisation of the semi-direct product of E11 and its first fundamental representation at low levels in four dimensions. We include the fields for gravity, the scalars and the gauge fields as well as the duals of these fields. The generalised space-time, upon which the fields depend, consists of the usual coordinates of four dimensional space-time and Lorentz scalar coordinates which belong to the 56-dimensional representation of E7. We demand that the equations of motion are first order in derivatives of the generalised space-time and then show that they are essentially uniquely determined by the properties of the E11 Kac-Moody algebra and its first fundamental representation. The two lowest equations correctly describe the equations of motion of the scalars and the gauge fields once one takes the fields to depend only on the usual four dimensional space-time.
Lattice Planar QED in external magnetic field
Creators: name: Cea, Paolo
name: Cosmai, Leonardo
name: Giudice, Pietro
name: Papa, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate planar Quantum ElectroDynamics (QED) with two degenerate staggered fermions in an external magnetic field on the lattice. Our preliminary results indicate that in external magnetic fields there is dynamical generation of mass for two-dimensional massless Dirac fermions in the weak coupling region. We comment on possible implications to the quantum Hall effect in graphene.
description: 7 pages, 1 figure, poster contribution to the XXIX International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory, LATTICE 2011
Viscosity, Boson Peak and Elastic Moduli in the Na2O-SiO2 System
Creators: name: Cassetta, Michele
name: Mariotto, Gino
name: Daldosso, Nicola
name: De Bona, Emanuele
name: Biesuz, Mattia
name: Sorarù, Gian Domenico
name: Almeev, Renat
name: Zanatta, Marco
name: Vetere, Francesco
Publisher: name: Basel : MDPI
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: boson peak
subject: elastic moduli
subject: fragility
subject: glass transition
subject: viscosity
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::550 | Geowissenschaften

description: The temperature and chemical dependence of the melt viscosity are ubiquitous in the model development of the volcanic dynamics, as well as in the glass production and design. We focussed on the yet-explored relationship between the bulk and shear moduli ratio and boson peak with the melt fragility of their parental glasses. Here, we explored the extension of the observed trend by testing the conventional binary system Na2O-SiO2, thus providing new evidence supporting the link between the flow of melts and supercooled liquids and the vibrational dynamics of their parental glasses. This was accomplished by integrating new low-frequency Raman measurements and integrating data from the literature on Brillouin light scattering and viscometry. This approach allows us to feed the MYEGA equation with reliable input parameters to quantitatively predict the viscosity of the Na2O-SiO2 system from the liquid up to the glass transition.
Boosting, sorting and complexity - urban scaling of innovation around the world
Creators: name: Broekel, Tom
name: Knuepling, Louis
name: Mewes, Lars
Publisher: name: Oxford : Oxford Univ. Press
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: complexity
subject: geography of innovation
subject: Innovation
subject: O18
subject: O33
subject: O57
subject: patents
subject: R12
subject: sorting
subject: urban scaling
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::900 | Geschichte und Geografie::910 | Geografie, Reisen
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::300 | Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie, Anthropologie::330 | Wirtschaft

description: It is widely understood that innovations tend to be concentrated in cities, which is evidenced by innovative output increasing disproportionately with city size. Yet, given the heterogeneity of countries and technologies, few studies explore the relationship between population and innovation numbers. For instance, in the USA, innovative output scaling is substantial and is particularly pronounced for complex technologies. Whether this is a universal pattern of complex technologies and a potential facilitator of scaling, is unknown. Our analysis compared urban scaling in urban areas across 33 countries and 569 technologies. Considerable variation was identified between countries, which is rooted in two fundamental mechanisms (sorting and boosting). The sorting of innovation-intensive technologies is found to drive larger innovation counts among cities. Among most countries, this mechanism contributes to scaling more than city size boosting innovation within specific technologies. While complex technologies are concentrated in large cities and benefit from the advantages of urbanization, their contribution to the urban scaling of innovations is limited.
Conformance Relations and Hyperproperties for Doping Detection in Time and Space
Creators: name: Biewer, Sebastian
name: Dimitrova, Rayna
name: Fries, Michael
name: Gazda, Maciej
name: Heinze, Thomas
name: Hermanns, Holger
name: Mousavi, Mohammad Reza
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2023

description: We present a novel and generalised notion of doping cleanness for cyber-physical systems that allows for perturbing the inputs and observing the perturbed outputs both in the time-- and value--domains. We instantiate our definition using existing notions of conformance for cyber-physical systems. As a formal basis for monitoring conformance-based cleanness, we develop the temporal logic HyperSTL*, an extension of Signal Temporal Logics with trace quantifiers and a freeze operator. We show that our generalised definitions are essential in a data-driven method for doping detection and apply our definitions to a case study concerning diesel emission tests.
Discrete Duality for Tense Symmetric Heyting Algebras
Creators: name: Figallo, Aldo V.
name: Pelaitay, Gustavo
name: Sanza, Claudia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this article, we continue the study of tense symmetric Heyting algebras (or TSH-algebras). These algebras constitute a generalization of tense algebras. In particular, we describe a discrete duality for TSHalgebras bearing in mind the results indicated by E. Or lowska and I. Rewitzky in [E. Or lowska and I. Rewitzky, Discrete Dualities for Heyting Algebras with Operators, Fund. Inform. 81 (2007), no.1-3, 275-295.] for Heyting algebras. In addition, we introduce a propositional calculus and prove this calculus has TSH-algebras as algebraic counterpart. Finally, the duality mentioned above allowed us to show the completeness theorem for this calculus.
Time-resolved spectroscopy of some transient molecules
Creators: name: Dehghany Mohammad Abady, Mehdi
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 2006

description: Bibliography: p. 82-87
description: We have developed a time-resolved gated-integration method where the growth or decay of the concentration of a given transient molecule in a hollow cathode discharge can be monitored. Two identical boxcars integrators provide two gates with predetermined widths, one monitoring end of discharge-off period (where no absorption takes place) and the other measuring at the absorption signal at a given delay time with respect to the discharge stop time. Then, by subtracting/dividing the two signals, the growth or decay of the concentration of the studied molecule is obtained. Decay of the concentration of C3 was found to be relatively long, on the order of millisecond. This decay was studied as a function of helium buffer gas pressure (10, 15 and 20 Torr). A linear dependency of the lifetime vs. buffer gas pressure was observed. Also, lifetimes of 24.5(1.5) ?s and 21 (1) ?s were measured for the two short-lived molecular ions H3 + and HN2 +, respectively.
Constrained Proximity Attacks on Mobile Targets
Creators: name: Wang, Xueou
name: Hou, Xiaolu
name: Rios, Ruben
name: Tippenhauer, Nils Ole
name: Ochoa, Martín
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2023

description: Proximity attacks allow an adversary to uncover the location of a victim by repeatedly issuing queries with fake location data. These attacks have been mostly studied in scenarios where victims remain static and there are no constraints that limit the actions of the attacker. In such a setting, it is not difficult for the attacker to locate a particular victim and quantifying the effort for doing so is straightforward. However, it is far more realistic to consider scenarios where potential victims present a particular mobility pattern. In this paper, we consider abstract (constrained and unconstrained) attacks on services that provide location information on other users in the proximity. We derive strategies for constrained and unconstrained attackers, and show that when unconstrained they can practically achieve success with theoretically optimal effort. We then propose a simple yet effective constraint that may be employed by a proximity service (for example, running in the cloud or using a suitable two-party protocol) as countermeasure to increase the effort for the attacker several orders of magnitude both in simulated and real-world cases.
System size dependence of nuclear modification and azimuthal anisotropy of jet quenching
Creators: name: De, Somnath
name: Srivastava, Dinesh K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the system size dependence of jet-quenching by analyzing transverse momentum spectra of neutral pions in Au+Au and Cu+Cu collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\textrm{NN}}}$ =200 GeV for different centralities. The fast partons are assumed to lose energy by radiating gluons as they traverse the plasma and undergo multiple collisions. The energy loss per collision, $ε$, is taken as proportional to $E$(where $E$ is the energy of the parton), proportional to $\sqrt{E}$, or a constant depending on whether the formation time of the gluon is less than the mean path, greater than the mean free path but less than the path length, or greater than the path length of the partons, respectively. NLO pQCD is used to evaluate pion production by modifying the fragmentation function to account for the energy loss. We reproduce the nuclear modification factor $R_\textrm{AA}$ by treating $ε$ as the only free parameter, depending on the centrality and the mechanism of energy loss. These values are seen to explain the nuclear modification of prompt photons, caused by the energy lost by final state quarks before they fragment into photons. These also reproduce the azimuthal asymmetry of transverse momentum distribution for pions within a factor of two and for prompt photons in a fair agreement with experimental data.
description: 26 pages, 17 figures. One more figure added. Discussion expanded. Typographical corrections done, several references added. To appear in Journal of Physics G
Regulated expression of aggrecanases of ADAMTS family in endometrial physiology and pathology
Creators: name: Wen, Jiadi
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The ADAMTS (A Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase with TromboSpondin Repeats) are a novel family of secreted metalloproteinases. There is increasing evidence that distinct ADAMTS subtypes play key roles in embryonic development, reproduction and cancer. Nineteen ADAMTS subtypes have been identified in humans but most of them have been characterized only at the structural level. ADAMTS-1, -4, -5, -8, -9 and -15 have been subclassified into a subfamily, known as aggrecanases, owing to their ability to cleave the important extracellular matrix components, versican and aggrecan. Previous studies have determined that ADAMTS-1 and -5 are expressed in first trimester decidual cells and are regulated by IL-1ß and TGF- ß1. I have now found that gonadal steroids have complex regulatory effects upon ADAMTS-1 mRNA and ADAMTS-1 levels in endometrial stromal cells during the human menstrual cycle. I further demonstrate that progesterone (P4) and 5α-dihydrotestosterone (DHT), differentially regulated ADAMTS-5, -8, and -9 mRNA and protein levels in human endometrial stromal cells, suggesting that aggrecanases contribute to steroid-mediated ECM remodeling in the endometrium in preparation for pregnancy. My loss- and gain- of function studies have confirmed a function for ADAMTS-1 in endometrial cancer invasion. Overexpression of ADAMTS-1 in well-differentiated ECC-1 endometrial carcinoma cells promoted cell invasion. In contrast, siRNA-mediated silencing of endogenous ADAMTS-1 in poorly differentiated KLE cells decreased their invasive capacity. I have also found that 17ß-estradiol (E2) can up-regulate ADAMTS-1 mRNA and protein levels in ECC-1 cells. This suggests that ADAMTS-1 plays an important role in endometrial cancer progression, and that E2 promotes well-differentiated endometrial cancer cell invasion, at least in part by specific up-regulating ADAMTS-1 expression. Overall, my research provides useful insight into the molecular mechanisms that regulate endometrial physiology and pathology, and additional support for the concept that ADAMTS represent potentially useful prognostic biomarkers of recurrent pregnancy loss and endometrial cancer.
Temporal bone phantom for decoupled cochlear implant electrode insertion force measurement
Creators: name: Cramer, Jakob
name: Dassow, Niklas
name: Böttcher-Rebmann, Georg
name: Budde, Leon
name: Lenarz, Thomas
name: Rau, Thomas S.
Publisher: name: Berlin : De Gruyter
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 3D printing
subject: artificial cochlear model
subject: automated electrode insertion
subject: surgical training
subject: temporal bone
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::570 | Biowissenschaften, Biologie

description: In research on cochlear implants, preclinical testing of newly developed electrode arrays and surgical tools is an essential procedure, which requires the availability of a suitable testing environment. For this purpose, human temporal bone specimens are most realistic, but their availability is limited and additional parameters such as insertion forces are hardly measurable. Therefore, the aim of this study was to develop a temporal bone phantom with realistic anatomical structures for intracochlear force measurement. The temporal bone was segmented from CBCT data of a human cadaver head. The segmented model was 3D printed with an additional artificial skin layer to enable the simulated use of surgical instruments such as a self-retaining retractor. A mechanically decoupled artificial cochlear model was realistically positioned within the temporal bone and was furthermore attached to a force sensor. The usability of the phantom was evaluated by performing automated EA insertions using an automated hydraulic insertion device. The experiments showed that the insertion forces within the cochlea could be measured without interferences from surrounding structures. Moreover, the artificial skin provided a rigid interface for the insertion tool. The new phantom is a realistic testing and training platform for cochlear implant electrode insertions with the advantage of measureable insertion forces.
Broadband 180 degree universal rotation pulses for NMR spectroscopy designed by optimal control
Creators: name: Skinner, Thomas E.
name: Gershenzon, Naum I.
name: Nimbalkar, Manoj
name: Bermel, Wolfgang
name: Luy, Burkhard
name: Glaser, Steffen J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Broadband inversion pulses that rotate all magnetization components 180 degrees about a given fixed axis are necessary for refocusing and mixing in high-resolution NMR spectroscopy. The relative merits of various methodologies for generating pulses suitable for broadband refocusing are considered. The de novo design of 180 degree universal rotation pulses using optimal control can provide improved performance compared to schemes which construct refocusing pulses as composites of existing pulses. The advantages of broadband universal rotation by optimized pulses (BURBOP) are most evident for pulse design that includes tolerance to RF inhomogeneity or miscalibration. We present new modifications of the optimal control algorithm that incorporate symmetry principles and relax conservative limits on peak RF pulse amplitude for short time periods that pose no threat to the probe. We apply them to generate a set of pulses suitable for widespread use in Carbon-13 spectroscopy on the majority of available probes.
Fold-related fractured reservoir analysis of the Pennsylvanian Ksituan member of the Belloy Formation, Monkman Pass, northeastern British Columbia: optimal drilling directions determined from image log and outcrop studies
Creators: name: Feltham, Gregory R.
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 2005

description: Bibliography: p. 158-165
description: Some pages are in colour.
description: Includes oversized map.
Mental Illness Disclosure in Organizations: Dynamics Between Discloser and Confidant
Creators: name: Barth, Sara
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Employees with a mental illness regularly encounter situations where they must make decisions regarding the extent to which they discuss their stigma. Research shows that when the confidant reacts in a supportive manner it is beneficial to the individual disclosing. Research on stigma disclosure has not yet defined what differentiates a supportive response from an unsupportive one and there is evidence to suggest that people are unsure of how to best respond to a disclosure. In a series of three studies I seek to develop a better understanding of disclosure interactions by first examining what constitutes a supportive versus unsupportive confidant response by creating a typology of support. Second, I seek to examine whether those with a mental illness versus those without a mental illness perceive the supportiveness of responses differently. Third, I will examine what methods of disclosure are most effective in eliciting a supportive response.
title: Richardet
title: (tome 2)
titleType: Subtitle
title: Richardet
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Fortiguerri, Niccolò
Publisher: name: Bibliothèque numérique romande
Year: 2020

description: Egalement sur la page de titre : Ricciardetto, poème italien de Carteromaco (Niccolò Fortiguerri), imprimé à Paris [Venise] en 1738, traduit en vers français. Oeuvres de Mancini-Nivernois, tome VIII, Paris, Didot Le Jeune, l'an IV. - 1796. Tome Second.
DRAGON: Determining Regulatory Associations using Graphical models on multi-Omic Networks
Creators: name: Shutta, Katherine H .
name: Weighill, Deborah
name: Burkholz, Rebekka
name: Ben Guebila, Marouen
name: DeMeo, Dawn L.
name: Zacharias, Helena U.
name: Quackenbush, John
name: Altenbuchinger, Michael
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2023

description: The increasing quantity of multi-omic data, such as methylomic and transcriptomic profiles collected on the same specimen or even on the same cell, provides a unique opportunity to explore the complex interactions that define cell phenotype and govern cellular responses to perturbations. We propose a network approach based on Gaussian Graphical Models (GGMs) that facilitates the joint analysis of paired omics data. This method, called DRAGON (Determining Regulatory Associations using Graphical models on multi-Omic Networks), calibrates its parameters to achieve an optimal trade-off between the network’s complexity and estimation accuracy, while explicitly accounting for the characteristics of each of the assessed omics ‘layers.’ In simulation studies, we show that DRAGON adapts to edge density and feature size differences between omics layers, improving model inference and edge recovery compared to state-of-the-art methods. We further demonstrate in an analysis of joint transcriptome - methylome data from TCGA breast cancer specimens that DRAGON can identify key molecular mechanisms such as gene regulation via promoter methylation. In particular, we identify Transcription Factor AP-2 Beta (TFAP2B) as a potential multi-omic biomarker for basal-type breast cancer. DRAGON is available as open-source code in Python through the Network Zoo package (netZooPy v0.8; netzoo.github.io).