cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Qui precipitò Hakuto-R
Creators: Jacopo Danieli
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2023

Il Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter della Nasa ha fotografato il sito di impatto del lander della missione Hakuto-R 1 dell’azienda privata giapponese ispace, che il 26 aprile 2023 si era schiantato sulla superficie, fallendo così nell’impresa di portare la prima azienda privata sulla superficie della Luna
Measuring diversity in citations: An exploratory analysis
Creators: name: Huang, Chun-Kai
name: Neylon, Cameron
name: Montgomery, Lucy
name: Wilson, Katie
name: Hosking, Richard
name: Ozaygen, Alkim
name: Handcock, Rebecca
name: Roelofs, Aniek
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: diversity
open access
citations
Gini-Simpson index
Microsoft Academic Graph
Crossref
Unpaywall
Open knowledge

description: This study explores a new perspective on the open access citation advantage (OACA). Most OACA studies are based on counting the number of times a research output is cited by others. It is hypothesised that OA outputs garner more citations. This is a key reason authors make their re-search openly accessible, and it is also used as an argument to support the OA movement. However, there remain disputes to this hypothesis. Bringing fresh insights to this debate, we examine how widely (rather than how often) OA outputs are cited.
Xylota sylvarum
Creators: name: MAZáNEK, Libor
name: VONIČKA, Pavel
name: PREISLER, JiřÍ
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Syrphidae
Xylota
Xylota sylvarum

description: Xylota sylvarum (Linnaeus, 1758) LiterÁrnÍ údaje: Czerniawa Zdrój (Bańkowska 1961). Široce rozšÍřený palearktický druh, vyskytujÍcÍ se na světlinÁch, v průsecÍch a na okrajÍch vlhkých listnatých a jehličnatých lesů se starými stromy. Larvy žijÍ zejména v tlejÍcÍch kořenech listnatých a jehličnatých stromů. Bílý Potok [1a]: 29.VII.-19.VIII.2005, 1 ♂ (YPT); 19.VIII.-4.IX.2005, 1 ♀ (YPT); [1d]: 17.VI.2007, 2 ♂♂, 19.VI.2007, 1 ♀. Bukovec PR [3a]: 23.VII.-5.VIII.2003, 1 ♂ (YPT). Hejnice [9]: 19.VI.2007, 1 ♀. Meandry Smědé PR [22a]: 17.VI.2007, 1 ♂. Rejdice [35]: 16.VIII.-1.IX.2005, 1 ♀ (ET); 1.-22.IX.2005, 1 ♂ (ET). Smrk [39d]: 13.VII.-3.VIII.2006, 2 ♂♂ (YPT). Štolpichy [42]: 22.VI.2007, 1 ♂.
description: Published as part of MAZáNEK, Libor, VONIČKA, Pavel & PREISLER, JiřÍ, 2009, Syrphidae (Diptera) of the Jizerské hory Mts and Frýdlant region (northern Bohemia, Czech Republic), pp. 3-46 in Sborník Severočeského Muzea 27 on page 41, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7153554
description: {"references": ["BANKOWSKA R. 1961: Materialy do znajomosci Syrphidae (Diptera) Karkonoszy i Gor Izerskich. [Contributions to the knowledge of Syrphidae (Diptera) of Krkonose Mts and Jizerske hory Mts Mts. ]].] ... Prirodovedny casopis slezsky, Opava, 22: 279 - 282 (in Polish)."]}
Restoration of Aprasia parapulchella habitat in the Molonglo Valley
Creators: name: McDougall, Alice
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2014

description: Land clearing, urbanisation, inappropriate fire regimes, nutrient addition and invasive species can alter species composition and ecosystem functioning worldwide contributing to global declines in biodiversity. In Australia, natural temperate grasslands are one of the most degraded habitat types and are listed nationally as an endangered ecological community (Environmental Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999). A key conservation goal is to restore and enhance native grasslands to protect this endangered community and the threatened species within them. However, grassland conservation is often in conflict with urban development, necessitating complex management to satisfy both objectives. This study investigated conflicts between bushfire management and conservation of the nationally threatened Pink-tailed worm lizard (Aprasia parapulchella) and its grassland habitat during urban development in the Australian Capital Territory (ACT). Using a replicated, randomised experiment, the study investigated the efficacy of restoration techniques including combinations of fire, herbicide, native grass establishment (Themeda triandra and Poa sieberiana) and rock placement. A vegetation survey, fuel assessments and soil sampling were done prior to treatment to assess the characteristics of the study site following treatment application, further surveys were carried out to investigate the treatment effects on native and exotic plant species cover, growth and survival of plantings and food availability for Aprasia (which rely on ants as a food resource). Non-metric multi-dimensional scaling was performed using a Bray Curtis similarity matrix to visually investigate the compositional similarity among plots before and after treatment application. Similarity percentages and analysis of similarity were performed using the Bray-Curtis similarities to compare the contributions of plant species to differences between communities and to examine differences in compositional similarity between treatments. A Redundancy Analysis was performed on soil and vegetation data to examine how much of the variation in floristic composition was explained by soil variables. To analyse the effect of the treatments on ant colonisation, growth of Themeda and Poa and % cover of native and exotic plant species, linear mixed effects models were fitted in the lme4 package in R. Survival rates for Themeda were analysed using binomial generalised linear mixed models with a logit link function. A combination of burning and herbicide application had a positive restoration effect by reducing exotic species cover, and increasing Themeda growth and ant colonisation. These findings have important implications for future management and restoration of faunal habitat coinciding with urban development in the ACT. Results of this study will guide future management over the coming years for enhancing and maintaining Aprasia habitat while also satisfying bushfire management requirements in the Molonglo Valley.
Universal $κ$-Poincaré covariant differential calculus over $κ$-Minkowski space
Creators: name: Juric, Tajron
name: Meljanac, Stjepan
name: Strajn, Rina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Unified graded differential algebra, generated by $κ$-Minkowski noncommutative (NC) coordinates, Lorentz generators and anticommuting one-forms, is constructed. It is compatible with $κ$-Poincaré-Hopf algebra. For time- and space-like deformations, the super-Jacobi identities are not satisfied. By introducing additional generator, interpreted as exterior derivative, we find a new unique algebra that satisfies all super-Jacobi identities. It is universal and valid for all type of deformations (time-, space-, and light-like). For time-like deformations this algebra coincides with the one in \cite{sitarz}. Different realizations of our algebra in terms of super-Heisenberg algebra are presented. For light-like deformations we get 4D bicovariant calculus, with $κ$-Poincaré-Hopf algebra and present the corresponding twist, which is written in a new covariant way, using Poincaré generators only. In the time- and space-like case this twist leads to $κ$-Snyder space. Our results might lead to applications in NC quantum field theories (especially electrodynamics and gauge theories), quantum gravity models, and Planck scale physics.
description: 15 pages, new title, minor changes
Un mini-mouse per MeerKat
Creators: Maura Sandri
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2023

Un gruppo internazionale di ricercatori ha scoperto per caso un oggetto tanto interessante quanto raro: una pulsar wind nebula, chiamata Mini Mouse per la somiglianza con la più grande the Mouse, osservabile in direzione del centro della Via Lattea. Per conoscere i dettagli della scoperta Media Inaf ha raggiunto Sara Elisa Motta dell'Inaf, prima autrice dello studio che verrà presto pubblicato su Mnras
Xylota xanthocnema Collin 1939
Creators: name: MAZáNEK, Libor
name: VONIČKA, Pavel
name: PREISLER, JiřÍ
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Syrphidae
Xylota
Xylota xanthocnema

description: Xylota xanthocnema Collin, 1939 ČS: EN Druh mÍrného pÁsma Evropy. Vyskytuje se vzÁcně v krajinÁch se zachovalými listnatými nebo smÍšenými lesnÍmi komplexy s vazbou na původnÍ zalesněnÍ. Larvy se vyvÍjejÍ v dendrotelmÁch a exudÁtech starých a poraněných listnatých a zřejmě i některých jehličnatých stromů. Bílý Potok [1d]: 19.VI.2007, 1 ♂. Poledník [31]: 14.-30.VII.2004, 1 ♂ (YPT).
description: Published as part of MAZáNEK, Libor, VONIČKA, Pavel & PREISLER, JiřÍ, 2009, Syrphidae (Diptera) of the Jizerské hory Mts and Frýdlant region (northern Bohemia, Czech Republic), pp. 3-46 in Sborník Severočeského Muzea 27 on page 41, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7153554
Ecco la galassia passiva più lontana
Creators: Valentina Guglielmo
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2023

La più antica galassia passiva mai osservata, una galassia sferoidale e compatta nell’universo primordiale, l’ha vista Webb. Grazie allo strumento NirSpec che ne ha catturato lo spettro, gli astronomi hanno potuto confermare la sua natura e avanzare delle ipotesi sul processo che ne ha segnato il destino per sempre, portandola a perdere tutto il suo gas
Do synoptic scale atmospheric processes drive surface winds in the valleys of Ladakh, in the Northern Himalaya?
Creators: name: McGuirk, Savannah
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2017

description: Synoptic scale atmospheric circulation patterns over the Northern Himalaya have attracted attention from the scientific community in recent years, since an anomalous trend of cooling temperatures and increasing precipitation was identified in the Karakoram Range. Meanwhile, valley wind regimes are of interest to governmental organisations in Ladakh, informing land management projects and policies, which, amongst other aims, aspire to avoid desertification of arable lands by the encroachment of sand dunes. Despite this interest, minimal information regarding the location and extent of sand dunes in Ladakh, and whether synoptic-scale atmospheric circulation patterns drive valley winds, is available to inform project and policy proposals. Using satellite imagery to identify sand dunes and dunefields in Ladakh, this study shows sand dunes occur in Ladakh over a much greater altitudinal range than previously recognised. Then, by comparing the prevailing wind direction inferred from sand dunes and the wind directions characteristic of synoptic-scale processes, this study will demonstrate that synoptic-scale processes do not drive valley winds in Ladakh.
Identifying drivers of Proteaceae declines on Western Australia's islands
Creators: name: Miech, Ellen
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2016

description: Western Australia (WA) is home to several high biodiversity regions with unique flora, and preventing the decline and possible extinction of these species is a global and national priority. While there have been multiple studies investigating extinction risk factors for plants on the mainland, there is a lack of literature describing processes that threaten flora on WA’s islands. Focusing on the diverse Proteaceae plant family, this thesis asked three questions: 1) how much flora survey information is available for assessing the status of Proteaceae on WA islands? 2) is there evidence that Proteaceae populations are declining? and 3) what island-specific factors or plant biological traits contribute to declines? I pooled comparable presence-absence data on insular Proteaceae populations from 25 published or otherwise publically available flora surveys. Overall, survey detection of these populations has declined significantly over time. I used generalised linear models (GLMs) to test for the effects of island-specific factors (latitude, longitude, area, distance from the mainland, presence of introduced herbivores, and land clearing) and plant traits (growth form, fire response, and flowering period) on population declines. The best-supported model of population declines considered the interactive effect of herbivore introduction with island latitude. The strong effect of latitude on population declines merits further investigation and may indicate that there are additional, unknown processes that threaten Proteaceae on WA’s northern islands. Biogeographic factors and species’ biological traits were not supported as explanatory variables, showing that population declines of WA’s island Proteaceae are largely driven by factors relating to human-disturbances.
A Comprehensive Method of Estimating Electric Fields from Vector Magnetic Field and Doppler Measurements
Creators: name: Kazachenko, Maria D.
name: Fisher, George H.
name: Welsch, Brian T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Photospheric electric fields, estimated from sequences of vector magnetic field and Doppler measurements, can be used to estimate the flux of magnetic energy (the Poynting flux) into the corona and as time-dependent boundary conditions for dynamic models of the coronal magnetic field. We have modified and extended an existing method to estimate photospheric electric fields that combines a poloidal-toroidal (PTD) decomposition of the evolving magnetic field vector with Doppler and horizontal plasma velocities. Our current, more comprehensive method, which we dub the "{\bf P}TD-{\bf D}oppler-{\bf F}LCT {\bf I}deal" (PDFI) technique, can now incorporate Doppler velocities from non-normal viewing angles. It uses the \texttt{FISHPACK} software package to solve several two-dimensional Poisson equations, a faster and more robust approach than our previous implementations. Here, we describe systematic, quantitative tests of the accuracy and robustness of the PDFI technique using synthetic data from anelastic MHD (\texttt{ANMHD}) simulations, which have been used in similar tests in the past. We find that the PDFI method has less than $1%$ error in the total Poynting flux and a $10%$ error in the helicity flux rate at a normal viewing angle $(θ=0$) and less than $25%$ and $10%$ errors respectively at large viewing angles ($θ<60^\circ$). We compare our results with other inversion methods at zero viewing angle, and find that our method's estimates of the fluxes of magnetic energy and helicity are comparable to or more accurate than other methods. We also discuss the limitations of the PDFI method and its uncertainties.
description: 56 pages, 10 figures, ApJ (in press)
Buchi neri intermedi, ecco l’anello mancante
Creators: Ufficio stampa Inaf
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2023

Un’enorme massa oscura al centro dell’antichissimo ammasso stellare Messier 4 (M4), il più vicino alla Terra, potrebbe essere un buco nero di massa intermedia. Lo suggerisce uno studio, condotto sui dati Gaia e Hubble, guidato da Eduardo Vitral dello Space Telescope Science Institute e al quale ha partecipato anche Luigi Bedin dell’Inaf di Padova
Microdon analis
Creators: name: MAZáNEK, Libor
name: VONIČKA, Pavel
name: PREISLER, JiřÍ
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Syrphidae
Microdon
Microdon analis

description: Microdon analis (Macquart, 1842) ČS: VU Palearktický, poměrně vzÁcný myrmekofilnÍ druh pasek a pastvin na okrajÍch zachovalých listnatých a jehličnatých lesů s neodklÍzeným opadem stromů. Larva požÍrÁ larvy a vajÍčka mravenců rodu Formica nebo Lasius, v ČR se zřejmě jednÁ o dva kryptické druhy. Černá hora PR [5]: 2.-25.VI.2004, 1 ♀ (YPT); 25.VI.-14.VII.2004, 1 ♂ (MT), 1 ♂ (CFT). Černousy [6a]: 14.V.-14. VI.2007, 1 ♂, 1 ♀ (MT). Malá Strana PR [21]: 29.V.-10.VI.2003, 1 ♀ (MT); 3.VI.2008, 1 ♂ (SW); 4.VI.2008, 1 ♂, 1 ♀ (SW). Rašeliniště Jizery NPR [34]: 29.V.-10.VI.2003, 1 ♂ (YPT). Rybí loučky PR [37]: 29.V.-10.VI.2003, 1 ♂ (YPT), 2 ♂♂ (CFT). Tichá říčka PP [44]: 2.-25.VI.2004, 2 ♂♂ (YPT), 1 ♂ (MT).
description: Published as part of MAZáNEK, Libor, VONIČKA, Pavel & PREISLER, JiřÍ, 2009, Syrphidae (Diptera) of the Jizerské hory Mts and Frýdlant region (northern Bohemia, Czech Republic), pp. 3-46 in Sborník Severočeského Muzea 27 on page 42, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7153554
Dal Gateway alla Luna con il lander di Blue Origin
Creators: Jacopo Danieli
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2023

La Nasa ha annunciato di aver selezionato, nell’ambito del programma Artemis per il ritorno dell’uomo sulla Luna, la compagnia privata Blue Origin come secondo fornitore, dopo SpaceX, del sistema di atterraggio “Blue Moon”, che trasferirà gli astronauti dalla stazione spaziale Gateway, in orbita intorno alla Luna, alla superficie lunare
Missing black holes in brightest cluster galaxies as evidence for the occurrence of superkicks in nature
Creators: name: Gerosa, Davide
name: Sesana, Alberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the consequences of superkicks on the population of supermassive black holes (SMBHs) in the Universe residing in brightest cluster galaxies (BCGs). There is strong observational evidence that BCGs grew prominently at late times (up to a factor 2-4 in mass from z=1), mainly through mergers with satellite galaxies from the cluster, and they are known to host the most massive SMBHs ever observed. Those SMBHs are also expected to grow hierarchically, experiencing a series of mergers with other SMBHs brought in by merging satellites. Because of the net linear momentum taken away from the asymmetric gravitational wave emission, the remnant SMBH experiences a kick in the opposite direction. Kicks may be as large as ~5000 Km/s ("superkicks"), pushing the SMBHs out in the cluster outskirts for a time comparable to galaxy-evolution timescales. We predict, under a number of plausible assumptions, that superkicks can efficiently eject SMBHs from BCGs, bringing their occupation fraction down to a likely range 0.9
description: 19 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
E se ricevessimo un messaggio alieno?
Creators: Ufficio stampa Inaf
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2023

Il 24 maggio, tre radiotelescopi tra Italia e Stati Uniti punteranno le antenne verso Marte per captare un messaggio che ha dell’incredibile e che siamo tutti chiamati a decodificare. È il progetto ‘A sign in space’ dell’artista Daniela de Paulis, in collaborazione con Inaf, Esa, Seti Institute e Green Bank Observatory. L’obiettivo: coinvolgere il pubblico di tutto il mondo nella simulazione di uno scenario senza precedenti
Pressure-driven fragmentation of clouds at high redshift
Creators: name: Dhanoa, Harpreet
name: Mackey, Jonathan
name: Yates, Jeremy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The discovery of a hyper metal-poor star with total metallicity of $\le 10^{-5}$ Z$_\odot$, has motivated new investigations of how such objects can form from primordial gas polluted by a single supernova. In this paper we present a shock-cloud model which simulates a supernova remnant interacting with a cloud in a metal-free environment at redshift $z=10$. Pre-supernova conditions are considered, which include a multiphase neutral medium and H II region. A small dense clump ($n=100$ cm$^{-3}$), located 40 pc from a 40 M$_\odot$ metal-free star, embedded in a $n=10$ cm$^{-3}$ ambient cloud. The evolution of the supernova remnant (explosion energy $10^{52}$ erg) and its subsequent interaction with the dense clump is examined. This is the first study to include a comprehensive treatment of the non-equilibrium chemistry and associated radiative cooling that is occurring at all stages of the shock-cloud model. We have included a primordial chemistry network that covers the temperature range $10-10^9$ K, and is coupled to thermal models of atomic & molecular cooling. We find $\times10^{3}$ density enhancement of the clump (i.e maximum density $\sim 78000$ cm$^{-3}$) within this metal-free model. This is consistent with Galactic shock-cloud models considering solar metallicity gas with equilibrium cooling functions. Despite this strong compression, the cloud does not become gravitationally unstable. We find that the small cloud modelled here is destroyed for shock velocities $\gtrsim 50\,$km s$^{-1}$, and not significantly affected by shocks with velocity $\lesssim 30\,$km s$^{-1}$. Rather specific conditions are required to make such a cloud collapse.
description: accepted in MNRAS, 11 pages, 5 figures, 5 tables
Microdon devius
Creators: name: MAZáNEK, Libor
name: VONIČKA, Pavel
name: PREISLER, JiřÍ
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Syrphidae
Microdon
Microdon devius

description: Microdon devius (Linnaeus, 1761) LiterÁrnÍ údaje: Hala Izerska (Rašeliniště Jizery - Bańkowska 1964). Eurosibiřský, dobře poznatelný a nejčastěji se vyskytujÍcÍ druh rodu. Preferuje staré extenzivnÍ pastviny a jiné typy neobdělÁvaných suššÍch luk. MyrmekofilnÍ larvy jsou znÁmé z hnÍzd mravence druhu Lasius flavus.
description: Published as part of MAZáNEK, Libor, VONIČKA, Pavel & PREISLER, JiřÍ, 2009, Syrphidae (Diptera) of the Jizerské hory Mts and Frýdlant region (northern Bohemia, Czech Republic), pp. 3-46 in Sborník Severočeského Muzea 27 on page 42, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7153554
description: {"references": ["BANKOWSKA R. 1964: Syrphidae (Diptera) Sudetow. (Syrphidae (Diptera) of the Sudety Mts.). Fragmenta Faunistica, Warszava, 11: 287 - 318 (in Polish, English and Russian abstr.)."]}
BioClocks UK Town Hall meeting presentation, 7+9 March 2023
Creators: name: Millar, Andrew
name: Dallmann, Robert
name: Dodd, Antony
name: Hodge, James
name: Hughes, Rebecca
name: Kyriacou, Charalambos
name: Rees, Hannah
name: Rzechorzek, Nina
name: von Schantz, Malcolm
name: Stevenson, Tyler
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: biological rhythms
chronobiology
circadian clocks
research community
community organisation

description: Slides presented by the volunteer organisers of the BioClocks UK research community organisation, to UK Clock Club members, at online Town Hall meetings on 7th and 9th March 2023. The slide set presented this emerging organisation and the data that the volunteers collected on the clock club meetings, publications, funding, commercial partners, and impact cases in the REF exercises. The funding context includes recent awards from MRC and RSE, imminent awards from Wellcome Trust, and a proposal for a BBSRC application. The last slide links to an online consultation to gain community prioritisation for the objectives of that application.
Microdon mutabilis
Creators: name: MAZáNEK, Libor
name: VONIČKA, Pavel
name: PREISLER, JiřÍ
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Syrphidae
Microdon
Microdon mutabilis

description: Microdon mutabilis (Linnaeus, 1758) ČS: VU Palearktický myrmekofilnÍ druh, který se vyskytuje vzÁcně na starých pastvinÁch, vřesovištÍch a jiných otevřených stanovištÍch s trvalým výskytem mravenišť. Larvy jsou znÁmé z hnÍzd mravenců rodu Formica a Lasius, v ČR se zřejmě jednÁ o dva kryptické druhy. Malá Strana PR [21]: 3.VI.2008, 1 ♀ (SW); 4.VI.2008, 1 ♀.
description: Published as part of MAZáNEK, Libor, VONIČKA, Pavel & PREISLER, JiřÍ, 2009, Syrphidae (Diptera) of the Jizerské hory Mts and Frýdlant region (northern Bohemia, Czech Republic), pp. 3-46 in Sborník Severočeského Muzea 27 on page 42, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7153554
Trovato un potenziale nuovo mondo vulcanico
Creators: Jacopo Danieli
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2023

Un team di ricercatori guidato da Merrin Peterson, dell'Istituto Trottier per la ricerca sugli esopianeti (iREx) con sede all'Università di Montreal, in un articolo pubblicato la settimana scorsa su Nature, ha descritto la scoperta di un esopianeta coperto da vulcani, di dimensioni e massa simili a quelle terrestri, la cui intensa attività geologica potrebbe consentire la presenza di acqua in superficie
Characterization of the mechanical response of silicon carbide fibers and wafers with emphasis on bending
Creators: name: Ward, Shawn H.
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2018

description: Bending – the basis of the bow and arrow, leaf springs, and one of the most common modes of failure – has been studied for hundreds of years. This thesis brought mechanical characterization of micron-scale fibers and observation of the change in position of Raman peaks with stress together under the umbrella of bending. Both utilized bending to a large degree – one to determine its mechanical properties and the other to examine in-situ behavior of ceramics under stress. Silicon carbide fibers were grown by Free Form Fibers LLC through a unique method called laser-induced CVD. This method is capable of growing fully dense fibers 30-60 microns in diameter and meters long. Characterization methods included nanoindentation, helium-ion microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and the development of a new large-deflection cantilever bend testing technique. The fibers consist of an inner core of crystalline SiC and an outer layer of amorphous carbon-rich silicon. Nanoindentation of the outside of the fibers and over the cross-section show that the outer layer has a reduced elastic modulus of 160 GPa and a hardness of 18 GPa, while the inner core has a reduced elastic modulus of 330 GPa and a hardness of 36 GPa. Large-deflection cantilever bend testing showed that the elastic modulus can vary between batches and that the overall elastic modulus of the fibers is 300 GPa. Fractography using the helium-ion microscope indicates that the fibers failed at ~2.2 GPa. These values are consistent with those obtained for third generation commercially available fibers. Raman spectra, arising from chemical bonds, are dependent on stress in solid materials. If a material is stretched, some bonds will stretch, and if a material is compressed the bonds will likewise compress, affecting the location of different Raman peaks. This concept was applied to determine experimentally what the relation between peak shift and stress was for several materials. This was done by designing, building, and validating a four-point bend apparatus for in-situ micro-Raman testing. Single crystal silicon was used as a control material to validate the machine and the relation obtained as C=0.0022 cm-1/MPa, the expected value for this coefficient. Silicon carbide, quartz, YAG, and two types of feldspar were tested and all were observed to have multiple peaks shift with stress.
Monogamy of entanglement of formation
Creators: name: de Oliveira, Thiago R.
name: Cornelio, Marcio F.
name: Fanchini, Felipe F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is well known that a particle cannot freely share entanglement with two or more particles. This restriction is generally called monogamy. However the formal quantification of such restriction is only known for some measures of entanglement and for two-level systems. The first and broadly known monogamy relation was established by Coffman, Kundu, and Wootters for the square of the concurrence. Since then, it is usually said that the entanglement of formation is not monogamous, as it does not obey the same relation. We show here that despite that, the entanglement of formation cannot be freely shared and therefore should be said to be monogamous. Furthermore, the square of the entanglement of formation does obey the same relation of the squared concurrence, a fact recently noted for three particles and extended here for N particles. Therefore the entanglement of formation is as monogamous as the concurrence. We also numerically study how the entanglement is distributed in pure states of three qubits and the relation between the sum of the bipartite entanglement and the classical correlation.
description: Published version: small corrections to improve the text and changed the title
CyberNFTs: Conceptualizing a decentralized and reward-driven intrusion detection system with ML
Creators: name: Selimi, Synim
name: Rexha, Blerim
name: Vishi, Kamer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The rapid evolution of the Internet, particularly the emergence of Web3, has transformed the ways people interact and share data. Web3, although still not well defined, is thought to be a return to the decentralization of corporations' power over user data. Despite the obsolescence of the idea of building systems to detect and prevent cyber intrusions, this is still a topic of interest. This paper proposes a novel conceptual approach for implementing decentralized collaborative intrusion detection networks (CIDN) through a proof-of-concept. The study employs an analytical and comparative methodology, examining the synergy between cutting-edge Web3 technologies and information security. The proposed model incorporates blockchain concepts, cyber non-fungible token (cyberNFT) rewards, machine learning algorithms, and publish/subscribe architectures. Finally, the paper discusses the strengths and limitations of the proposed system, offering insights into the potential of decentralized cybersecurity models.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures, 1 table, 1 algorithm, 1 listing, journal article
Internet-Payment und Online-Banking mit der BioTAN
Creators: name: Bartmann, Dieter
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 004 Informatik
subject: 330 Wirtschaft

description: Die Umsetzung der PSD2 wird schwierig, denn statische Passwörter und Besitzmerkmale halten aktuellen Hackerangriffen nicht stand. Fingerprint- und Gesichtserkennung mangelt es an Vertraulichkeit. Dynamische Besitzmerkmale wie SmartTAN und Device-TAN sind für Internet-Payment wenig geeignet. Google bringt erstmals die Tippbiometrie ins Spiel. An der Universität Regensburg wurde sie so sicher gemacht wie die Fingerprint-Biometrie. Die Anwendungsvariante BioTAN ist der erfolgversprechendste PSD2-konforme dynamische zweite Authentifizierungsfaktor. Er ist immun gegen Ausspähen und garantiert die Integrität des Überweisungsauftrags. Damit vereint er die Vorteile der SmartTAN mit der Stärke einer sensorlosen Software-Biometrie.
On-sky measurements of the transverse electric fields' effects in the Dark Energy Camera CCDs
Creators: name: Plazas, Andrés A.
name: Bernstein, Gary M.
name: Sheldon, Erin S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Photo-generated charge in thick, back-illuminated, fully-depleted CCDs is transported by electric fields from the silicon substrate to the collecting well at the front gate of the CCDs. However, electric fields transverse to the surface of the CCD -with diverse origins such as doping gradients, guard rings around the imaging area of the sensor, and physical stresses on the silicon lattice- displace this charge, effectively modifying the pixel area and producing noticeable signals in astrometric and photometric measurements. We use data from the science verification period of the Dark Energy Survey (DES) to characterize these effects in the Dark Energy Camera (DECam) CCDs. The transverse fields mainly manifest as concentric rings ("tree rings") and bright stripes near the boundaries of the detectors ("edge distortions") with relative amplitudes of about 1% and 10% in the flat-field images, respectively. Their nature as pixel size variations is confirmed by comparing their photometric and astrometric signatures. Using flat-field images from DECam, we derive templates in the five DES photometric bands (grizY) for the tree rings and the edge distortions as a function of their position in each DECam detector. These templates can be directly incorporated into the derivation of photometric and astrometric solutions, helping to meet the DES photometric and astrometric requirements.
description: Accepted for publication in the Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific (PASP, issue August 2014)
Centomila lenti gravitazionali in un batter d’occhio
Creators: Redazione Media Inaf
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2023

Si chiama Lemon ed è un algoritmo di intelligenza artificiale, basato su reti neurali bayesiane, capace di modellare le lenti gravitazionali in tempi risibili rispetto alle tecniche tradizionali. Lo ha messo a punto un team guidato da Fabrizio Gentile, dottorando all’Università di Bologna, e Crescenzo Tortora, ricercatore all’Istituto nazionale di astrofisica
Flash sintering of bismuth ferrite in-situ using energy dispersive x-ray diffraction
Creators: name: Wassel, Mary Anne
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2018

description: Bismuth ferrite (BiFeO3, or BFO) is a multiferroic oxide ceramic that has unique properties at the nanoscale level at room temperature. For this reason, it is of great interest to study and implement BFO's properties for use in a variety of applications, including multiferroic memory, spintronics, and photovoltaics. However, BFO is difficult to make in bulk, not only because impurity phases can develop and inhibit its multiferroic properties, but also because the phase transition at 825°C from its ferroelectric to paraelectric state acts against the densification process.Flash sintering is a relatively new densification technique that takes less time and energy to make bulk ceramics while exposing the sample to a low electric field. In this study, we investigate the feasibility of flash sintering bismuth ferrite at temperatures below 825°C. Densification occurred at furnace temperatures of 500°C and 350°C, much lower than the transition temperature, to approximately 90% of the theoretical density. During this process, it was observed via energy dispersive X-ray diffraction, a rapid characterization technique used to probe crystallography of bulk materials, that anisotropic lattice expansion occurs when BFO is exposed to an electric field, which is not seen in conventional sintering. Estimating sample temperature during flash sintering is a difficult process, and a few methods are discussed. Finally, several theoretical models of flash sintering mechanisms are addressed to aid in understanding of how this technique works.
Stock portfolio structure of individual investors infers future trading behavior
Creators: name: Bohlin, Ludvig
name: Rosvall, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Finance (q-fin.GN)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Although the understanding of and motivation behind individual trading behavior is an important puzzle in finance, little is known about the connection between an investor's portfolio structure and her trading behavior in practice. In this paper, we investigate the relation between what stocks investors hold, and what stocks they buy, and show that investors with similar portfolio structures to a great extent trade in a similar way. With data from the central register of shareholdings in Sweden, we model the market in a similarity network, by considering investors as nodes, connected with links representing portfolio similarity. From the network, we find groups of investors that not only identify different investment strategies, but also represent groups of individual investors trading in a similar way. These findings suggest that the stock portfolios of investors hold meaningful information, which could be used to earn a better understanding of stock market dynamics.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures, 1 table
Natural selection rules: new positivity bounds for massive spinning particles
Creators: name: Davighi, Joseph
name: Melville, Scott
name: You, T
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Regular Article - Theoretical Physics
Effective Field Theories
Scattering Amplitudes

description: We derive new effective field theory (EFT) positivity bounds on the elastic $2\to2$ scattering amplitudes of massive spinning particles from the standard UV properties of unitarity, causality, locality and Lorentz invariance. By bounding the $t$ derivatives of the amplitude (which can be represented as angular momentum matrix elements) in terms of the total ingoing helicity, we derive stronger unitarity bounds on the $s$- and $u$-channel branch cuts which determine the dispersion relation. In contrast to previous positivity bounds, which relate the $t$-derivative to the forward-limit EFT amplitude with no $t$ derivatives, our bounds establish that the $t$-derivative alone must be strictly positive for sufficiently large helicities. Consequently, they provide stronger constraints beyond the forward limit and can be used to constrain dimension-6 interactions with a milder assumption about the high-energy growth of the UV amplitude.
Sasakian nilmanifolds
Creators: name: Cappelletti-Montano, Beniamino
name: De Nicola, Antonio
name: Marrero, Juan Carlos
name: Yudin, Ivan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C25, 53D35, 53C30

description: We prove that a compact nilmanifold admits a Sasakian structure if and only if it is a compact quotient of the generalized Heisenberg group of odd dimension by a co-compact discrete subgroup.
description: 9 pages, to appear in IMRN
Earth System Tipping Points: A Case Study from Mangrove Ecosystems
Creators: name: Hindes, Adrian
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2019

description: The Earth has recently entered a new geological epoch, the Anthropocene, in which mankind is a force of nature equivalent to the climate, biosphere and oceans. The Anthropocene also brings with it rapid and sometimes irreversible changes to systems, accelerated by human action, such as rapidly dying rainforests and melting ice sheets, a phenomenon known as a regime shift. These transitions are characterised by tipping points which are notoriously difficult to predict and study due to complex and uncertain internal dynamics. In this thesis, I construct an abstract model of regime shifts in mangrove ecosystems, using a novel method known as generalised modelling from dynamical systems theory. Mangroves are critical coastal ecosystems which are under threat from sea level rise, and have previously been observed to exhibit tipping-like dynamics in mass dieback events, such as those seen in the Gulf of Carpentaria in 2015. By considering the dynamical interdependencies between mangroves, soil and salinity, I construct and analyse a generalised dynamical systems model of mangrove ecosystems, which calculates how certain factors influence stability and may induce tipping points. Various biophysically plausible ranges of parameters induce bifurcations in the generalised model, confirming that the constructed model does partially capture regime shift dynamics. Findings suggest that the most significant parameters for mangrove system stability are the sensitivity of inundation to soil height, along with soil accretion, subsidence rates and nonlinearity of salt flushing. Of all the parameters in the model, regime shifts were most sensitive to the relationship between the inundation period (hydroperiod) and peat soil height, indicating that mangrove hydrodynamics should be a high priority area for future research. Parameters related to soil accumulation and degradation processes such as sediment response to inundation appear to be pivotal in maintaining dynamical stability, which suggests monitoring and management of sedimentation should be a focus of mangrove management strategies. The risk of mangrove biomass collapse was greatly heightened once the proportion of mortality from salt stress exceeded 20%. If validated by more specific models, ecosystem managers may wish to monitor mangrove mortality for proximity to this threshold. The constructed generalised model may also provide a first step in more detailed dynamical systems modelling for particular regions, forming part of a broader effort to understand, manage and predict changes in mangroves ecosystems through the Anthropocene. I conclude that the tentative success of generalised modelling and relevant mathematical analysis suggests untapped potential for the further study of tipping points in Earth System Science.
Benchmarks for Higgs Pair Production and Heavy Higgs Searches in the Two-Higgs-Doublet Model of Type II
Creators: name: Baglio, Julien
name: Eberhardt, Otto
name: Nierste, Ulrich
name: Wiebusch, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The search for additional Higgs particles and the exact measurements of Higgs (self-) couplings is a major goal of future collider experiments. In this paper we investigate the possible sizes of new physics signals in these searches in the context of the $CP$-conserving two-Higgs doublet model of type II. Using current constraints from flavour, electroweak precision, and Higgs signal strength data, we determine the allowed sizes of the triple Higgs couplings and the branching fractions of the heavy Higgs bosons into lighter Higgs bosons. Identifying the observed Higgs resonance with the light $CP$-even 2HDM Higgs boson $h$, we find that the $hhh$ coupling cannot exceed its SM value, but can be reduced by a factor of $0.56$ at the 2 $σ$ level. The branching fractions of the heavy neutral Higgs bosons $H$ and $A$ into two-fermion or two-vector-boson final states can be reduced by factors of $0.4$ and $0.01$, respectively, if decays into lighter Higgs boson are possible and if the mass of the decaying Higgs is below the $t\bar t$ threshold. To facilitate future studies of collider signatures in 2HDM scenarios with large triple Higgs couplings or decay modes of the heavy Higgs bosons not covered by the SM Higgs searches we provide a set of benchmark points which exhibit these features and agree with all current constraints. We also discuss the effect of the heavy Higgs bosons on the $gg\to hh$ cross section at a 14 TeV LHC for some of these benchmarks. For $m_H$ below the $hh$ threshold we see a reduction of the SM $gg\to hh$ cross section due to destructive interference, but for $m_H$ above the $hh$ threshold current constraints allow enhancement factors above 50. An enhancement factor of 6 is still possible in scenarios in which the heavy Higgs particles would not be discovered by standard searches after 300 fb${}^{-1}$ of data.
Curtin Open Knowledge Initiative & Open Access in Australasia
Creators: name: Huang, Chun-Kai
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: This is a presentation given at the 2019 CAUL Research Repositories Community Event, Sydney. It gives an introduction to the Curtin Open Knowledge Initiative (COKI) project and COKI's Dashboard for Open Access analysis of Australasian universities.
Nota Técnica Conjunta: Escuta Especializada do Município de Belém
Creators: name: Reis, Aline Gobbo
name: Gaia, Gabriel Nogueira
name: Silva, Giovanna Paraense da
name: Maia, Ilza Rosanda Barbosa
name: Souza, Lizandra Marcela Almeida de
name: Nascimento, Marcio Ricardo Luz do
name: Vergueiro, Mauro Victor Brabo
name: Porfírio, Milena Ferreira
name: Monteiro, Rosa Helena da Conceição Marques
name: Sales, Juliana Lavareda
name: Furtado, Adriano Penha
name: Neto, Jorge Faciola de Souza
name: Lima, Vitor Nina de
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Nota Técnica Conjunta: Escuta Especializada do Município de Belém
Maternal diet-induced obesity during pregnancy alters lipid supply to mouse E18.5 fetuses and changes the cardiac tissue lipidome in a sex- dependent manner
Creators: name: Pantaleão, Lucas C
name: Inzani, Isabella
name: Furse, Samuel
name: Loche, Elena
name: Hufnagel, Antonia
name: Ashmore, Thomas
name: Blackmore, Heather L
name: Jenkins, Benjamin
name: Carpenter, Asha AM
name: Wilczynska, Ania
name: Bushell, Martin
name: Koulman, Albert
name: Twinn, Denise
name: Ozanne, Susan
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Research Article
Biochemistry and Chemical Biology
Developmental Biology
maternal obesity
fetal heart
heart metabolism
lipidomics
transcriptomics
Mouse

description: Maternal obesity during pregnancy has immediate and long-term detrimental effects on the offspring heart. In this study, we characterized the cardiac and circulatory lipid profiles in late gestation E18.5 fetuses of diet-induced obese pregnant mice and established the changes in lipid abundance and fetal cardiac transcriptomics. We used untargeted and targeted lipidomics and transcriptomics to define changes in the serum and cardiac lipid composition and fatty acid metabolism in male and female fetuses. From these analyses we observed: (1) maternal obesity affects the maternal and fetal serum lipidome distinctly; (2) female fetal heart lipidomes are more sensitive to maternal obesity than males; (3) changes in lipid supply might contribute to early expression of lipolytic genes in mouse hearts exposed to maternal obesity. These results highlight the existence of sexually dimorphic responses of the fetal heart to the same in utero obesogenic environment and identify lipids species that might mediate programming of cardiovascular health.
description: MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit [MRC_MC_UU_00014/4] Cambridge Home and EU Student Scholarship British Heart Foundation studentship [FS/12/64/30001] II was supported by a British Heart Foundation studentship [FS/18/56/35177]
The Dark Matter Contribution to Galactic Diffuse Gamma Ray Emission
Creators: name: Yang, Lin F.
name: Silk, Joseph
name: Szalay, Alexander S.
name: Wyse, Rosemary F. G.
name: Bozek, Brandon
name: Madau, Piero
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Observations of diffuse Galactic gamma ray emission (DGE) by the Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) allow a detailed study of cosmic rays and the interstellar medium. However, diffuse emission models of the inner Galaxy underpredict the Fermi-LAT data at energies above a few GeV and hint at possible non-astrophysical sources including dark matter (DM) annihilations or decays. We present a study of the possible emission components from DM using the high-resolution Via Lactea II N-body simulation of a Milky Way-sized DM halo. We generate full-sky maps of DM annihilation and decay signals that include modeling of the adiabatic contraction of the host density profile, Sommerfeld enhanced DM annihilations, $p$-wave annihilations, and decaying DM. We compare our results with the DGE models produced by the Fermi-LAT team over different sky regions, including the Galactic center, high Galactic latitudes, and the Galactic anti-center. This work provides possible templates to fit the observational data that includes the contribution of the subhalo population to DM gamma-ray emission, with the significance depending on the annihilation/decay channels and the Galactic regions being considered.
description: Published by PRD