cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Electroweak phase transition confronted with dark matter detection constraints
Creators: name: Chiang, Cheng-Wei
name: Huang, Da
name: Lu, Bo-Qiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the type-II first-order electroweak phase transition and dark matter (DM) phenomenology in both real and complex singlet extensions of SM. In the real singlet extension with a $\mathbb{Z}_2$ symmetry, we show that the parameter regions favored by the phase transition suffer from strong constraints from DM direct detection so that only a negligible fraction ($f_{X}\sim 10^{-4}-10^{-5}$) of DM composed of the real singlet scalar can survive the LUX and XENON1T constraints. In the complex singlet $S$ case, we impose a $CP$ symmetry $S\to S^{*}$ to the scalar potential. The real component of $S$ can mix with SM Higgs boson while the imaginary component becomes a DM candidate due to the protection of the $CP$ symmetry. By taking into account the current experimental constraints of invisible Higgs decays, Higgs signal strength measurements, and dark matter detections, we find that there exists a large parameter space for the type-II electroweak phase transition to occur while explaining all of the dark matter relic density. We identify a subset of parameter space that is promising for future experiments, including the di-Higgs and Higgs signal strength measurements at the HL-LHC and the dark matter direct detection in the XENONnT project.
description: 30 pages, 11 figures, 3 tables, v2 matches published version in JCAP
HE 0437-5439 -- an unbound hyper-velocity main-sequence B-type star
Creators: name: Edelmann, Heinz
name: Napiwotzki, Ralf
name: Heber, Uli
name: Christlieb, Norbert
name: Reimers, Dieter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the discovery of a 16th magnitude star, HE0437-5439, with a heliocentric radial velocity of +723+-3km/s. A quantitative spectral analysis of high-resolution optical spectra obtained with the VLT and the UVES spectrograph shows that HE0437-5439 is a main sequence B-type star with Teff=20350K, log g=3.77, solar within a factor of a few helium abundance and metal content, rotating at v sin i=54km/s. Using appropriate evolutionary tracks we derive a mass of 8 Msun and a corresponding distance of 61 kpc. Its galactic rest frame velocity is at least 563km/s, almost twice the local Galactic escape velocity, indicating that the star is unbound to the Galaxy. Numerical kinematical experiments are carried out to constrain its place of birth. It has been suggested that such hyper-velocity stars can be formed by the tidal disruption of a binary through interaction with the super-massive black hole at the Galactic center (GC). HE0437-5439 needs about 100Myrs to travel from the GC to its presentposition, much longer than its main sequence lifetime of 25Myrs. This can only be reconciled if HE0437-5439 is a blue straggler star. In this case, the predicted proper motion is so small that it can only be measured by future space missions. Since the star is much closer to the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC, 18kpc) than to the GC, it can reach its position from the center of the LMC. The proper motion predicted in this case is about 2mas/y (relative to the LMC), large enough to be measurable with conventional techniques from the ground. The LMC origin could also be tested by a high-precision abundance analysis.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures. Astrophysical Journal Letters, accepted
Correct (and misleading) argument for using market-based pollution control policies
Creators: name: Karp, Larry S.
name: Karp, Larry S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: tradable permits
subject: coordination games
subject: multiple equilibria
subject: global games
subject: regulatory uncertainty
subject: climate change policies
subject: California AB32

description: One argument in favor of market based pollution control policies is sometimes exaggerated, and a different argument is usually ignored. Regardless of whether investment is fixed or endogenous, market based policies might lead to a higher or lower equilibrium abatement compared to the level under command and control policies. Therefore, economists should be cautious about trying to convince anti-market environmentalists of the benefit of market based policies on the grounds that these promote environmental goals. However, market based policies reduce regulatory uncertainty. Under command and control emissions policies, there are multiple rational expectations competitive equilibria at the investment stage. From the standpoint of individual firms, this multiplicity looks like regulatory uncertainty. Market based policies eliminate this uncertainty. These results hold in an environment with common knowledge about market fundamentals. In a global games setting the unique investment equilibrium under command and control emissions policies is constrained efficient.
Additional file 1 of Segmentation-based quantitative measurements in renal CT imaging using deep learning
Creators: name: Koukoutegos, Konstantinos
name: ’s Heeren, Richard
name: De Wever, Liesbeth
name: De Keyzer, Frederik
name: Maes, Frederik
name: Bosmans, Hilde
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Fig. S1. Random case from Test set 1. (a1) CECT image and the corresponding manual kidney labels. (a2) CECT image and the corresponding model prediction. (b1) NCCT image and the corresponding manual kidney labels. (b2) NCCT image and the corresponding model prediction. The CE and NC CT images belong to the same CT scan. Supplementary Fig. S2. Random case from Test set 1. (a1) CECT image and the corresponding manual kidney labels. (a2) CECT image and the corresponding model prediction. (b1) NCCT image and the corresponding manual kidney labels. (b2) NCCT image and the corresponding model prediction. The CE and NC CT images belong to the same CT scan.
Modelling the deceleration of COVID-19 spreading
Creators: name: Barzon, Giacomo
name: Manjunatha, Karan Kabbur Hanumanthappa
name: Rugel, Wolfgang
name: Orlandini, Enzo
name: Baiesi, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By characterising the time evolution of COVID-19 in term of its "velocity" (log of the new cases per day) and its rate of variation, or "acceleration", we show that in many countries there has been a deceleration even before lockdowns were issued. This feature, possibly due to the increase of social awareness, can be rationalised by a susceptible-hidden-infected-recovered (SHIR) model introduced by Barnes, in which a hidden (isolated from the virus) compartment $H$ is gradually populated by susceptible people, thus reducing the effectiveness of the virus spreading. By introducing a partial hiding mechanism, for instance due to the impossibility for a fraction of the population to enter the hidden state, we obtain a model that, although still sufficiently simple, faithfully reproduces the different deceleration trends observed in several major countries.
description: v2: published version; more countries analysed
Between Private and Public. Biographies about and by an Elite
Creators: name: Kortti, Jukka
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: The speech approaches biographies as a source for studies on intellectual history. First, it reviews shortly via an example, what new digital history tools, such as the semantic web, provide for doing institutional history. Secondly, it discusses how biographies are usually about the elite: the richest, most powerful, best educated or mostly trained group of a society. On the other hand, besides biographies, also autobiographies are the core material in writing and analysing the histories of universities, associations, companies, organisations, philanthropic institutions, or other prosopography clusters. In combining these kinds of writings, you may be able to reveal the lives between the private and public spheres.
Costs and benefits of higher tariffs on wheat imports to South Africa
Creators: name: McDonald, Scott
name: Punt, Cecilia
name: Rantho, Lillian
name: Van Schoor, Melt
name: McDonald, Scott
name: Punt, Cecilia
name: Rantho, Lillian
name: Van Schoor, Melt
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Computable general equilibrium (CGE)
subject: wheat
subject: import tariffs

description: Low international wheat prices, caused by tariffs and subsidies in developed countries, have been blamed for causing financial difficulty to South African farmers. While indignation at unfair trade practices may be valid, it does not necessarily follow that protection of the local industry is the best response. This study uses a static general equilibrium model to describe and quantify the effects of increased tariffs (by up to 25 percentage points) on the local wheat industry, other affected industries-- particularly downstream industries-- and the economy at large. The effects on factors, households and the government are also analysed. The results show that the benefits to the wheat industry are highly concentrated and smaller than the loss of income caused in other sectors. Welfare is negatively affected, especially for low-income households, for whom the effects are exacerbated by increases in relative food prices.
All-optical switch with two periodically curved nonlinear waveguides
Creators: name: Xie, Qiongtao
name: Luo, Xiaobing
name: Wu, Biao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a type of all-optical switch which consists of two periodically curved nonlinear optical waveguides placed in parallel. Compared to the all-optical switch based on the traditional nonlinear directional coupler with straight waveguides, this all-optical switch has much lower switching threshold power and sharper switching width.
description: 4 pages,3 figures
$T\bar{T}$-deformed conformal field theories out of equilibrium
Creators: name: Medenjak, Marko
name: Policastro, Giuseppe
name: Yoshimura, Takato
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the out-of-equilibrium transport in $T\bar{T}$-deformed (1+1)-dimension conformal field theories (CFTs). The theories admit two disparate approaches, integrability and holography, which we make full use of in order to compute the transport quantities, such as the the exact non-equilibrium steady state currents. We find perfect agreements between the results obtained from these two methods, which serve as the first checks of the $T\bar{T}$-deformed holographic correspondence from the dynamical standpoint. It turns out that integrability also allows us to compute the momentum diffusion, which is given by a universal formula. We also remark on an intriguing connection between the $T\bar{T}$-deformed CFTs and reversible cellular automata.
description: v1: 6 pages, 1 figure. v2: typos corrected, v3: Fig. 1 corrected, published version
Jets and elliptic flow correlations at low and high transverse momenta in ultrarelativistic A+A collisions
Creators: name: Bravina, L. V.
name: Eyyubova, G. Kh.
name: Korotkikh, V. L.
name: Lokhtin, I. P.
name: Petrushanko, S. V.
name: Snigirev, A. M.
name: Zabrodin, E. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Data from the Large Hadron Collider on elliptic flow correlations at low and high $p_T$ from Pb+Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}} = 5.02$~TeV are analyzed and interpreted in the framework of the HYDJET++ model. This model allows us to describe simultaneously the region of both low and high transverse momenta and, therefore, to reproduce the experimentally observed nontrivial centrality dependence of elliptic flow correlations. The origin of the correlations between low and high-$p_T$ flow components in peripheral lead-lead collisions is traced to correlations of particles in jets.
description: Matches the published version
AGENT-BASED SUPPORT TOOL FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF AGRICULTURE POLICIES
Creators: name: AXIA Innovation GmbH
name: Cooperativas Agro-alimentarias de Andalucía
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: AGRICORE H2020

description: Results obtained and presented in the poster:

• Based on our methodology and set of ontologies for data characterization, the Agricultural Research Data Index Tool (ARDIT) has been developed serving as a central entry point for locating useful datasets useful for agricultural research.• A Data Warehouse for agriculture policy impact assessment data management has been developed as a fundamental component for the storage, processing, and exchange of data.• The data extraction module has been developed, for the location, extraction, and storage of all types of data necessary for the use of the different tools and modules.• The data fusion module has been developed, for the integration and blending of individual datasets to constitute enriched datasets that are used for the operation of the different AGRICORE modules.• Several modules have been developed which will feed the AGRICORE model: The land market module, the market module, the environmental and climate IAM, the ecosystem services IAM and the Policy Environment Module [ ].• The AGRICORE model has been tested in 3 different use cases (Andalusia, Poland and Greece) by making predictions before policies are implemented (ex-ante analysis) evaluating the policies’ impact after their implementation (ex-post analysis).
Nucleation rates from small scale atomistic simulations and transition state theory
Creators: name: Bal, Kristof M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The evaluation of nucleation rates from molecular dynamics trajectories is hampered by the slow nucleation time scale and impact of finite size effects. Here, we show that accurate nucleation rates can be obtained in a very general fashion relying only on the free energy barrier, transition state theory (TST), and a simple dynamical correction for diffusive recrossing. In this setup, the time scale problem is overcome by using enhanced sampling methods, in casu metadynamics, whereas the impact of finite size effects can be naturally circumvented by reconstructing the free energy surface from an appropriate ensemble. Approximations from classical nucleation theory are avoided. We demonstrate the accuracy of the approach by calculating macroscopic rates of droplet nucleation from argon vapor, spanning sixteen orders of magnitude and in excellent agreement with literature results, all from simulations of very small (512 atom) systems.
Water Trading within NSW Irrigation Industry: An Empirical Evaluation of Scale, Reasons and Attitudes
Creators: name: Singh, Inderpal
name: Bari, Maksudul
name: Flavel, Noel J.
name: Singh, Inderpal
name: Bari, Maksudul
name: Flavel, Noel J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Water
subject: Market
subject: Irrigation Industry
subject: Social and Economic Reasons
subject: Scale of Trading
subject: Water Sharing Plans and Attitudes

description: The paper discusses the level of water trading within the NSW Irrigation Industry along with water prices, reasons, attitudes and knowledge of both permanent and temporary water trading. It is based on the results of a survey of 1,115 irrigators representing over 10% of the total irrigators' population within NSW Water Sharing Plans that commenced during 2004 and various secondary data sources covering water trading. Temporary water trading in Murray and Lower Murray Darling and Lachlan catchments has expanded since the commencement of the Water Sharing Plans in NSW. Nearly 7% and 40% of the irrigators surveyed participated in the permanent and temporary water markets respectively. Fifty six percent of the irrigators believed that temporary trading was good for their area, whereas only 28% had similar views regarding permanent trading.
Femtotesla direct magnetic gradiometer using a single multipass cell
Creators: name: Lucivero, V. G.
name: Lee, W.
name: Dural, N.
name: Romalis, M. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe a direct gradiometer using optical pumping with opposite circular polarization in two $^{87}$Rb atomic ensembles within a single multipass cell. A far-detuned probe laser undergoes a near-zero paramagnetic Faraday rotation due to the intrinsic subtraction of two contributions exceeding 3.5 rad from the highly-polarized ensembles. We develop analysis methods for the direct gradiometer signal and measure a gradiometer sensitivity of $10.1$ fT/cm$\sqrt{\mathrm{Hz}}$. We also demonstrate that our multipass design, in addition to increasing the optical depth, provides a fundamental advantage due to the significantly reduced effect of atomic diffusion on the spin noise time-correlation, in excellent agreement with theoretical estimate.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Additional file 1 of Post-viral symptoms and conditions are more frequent in COVID-19 than influenza, but not more persistent
Creators: name: Tesch, Falko
name: Ehm, Franz
name: Loser, Friedrich
name: Bechmann, Lars
name: Vivirito, Annika
name: Wende, Danny
name: Batram, Manuel
name: Buschmann, Tilo
name: Menzer, Simone
name: Ludwig, Marion
name: Roessler, Martin
name: Seifert, Martin
name: Margolis, Giselle Sarganas
name: Reitzle, Lukas
name: König, Christina
name: Schulte, Claudia
name: Hertle, Dagmar
name: Ballesteros, Pedro
name: Baßler, Stefan
name: Bertele, Barbara
name: Bitterer, Thomas
name: Riederer, Cordula
name: Sobik, Franziska
name: Scheidt-Nave, Christa
name: Schmitt, Jochen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Mental Health
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Supplementary Material 1.
Different regimes of Forster energy transfer between an epitaxial quantum well and a proximal monolayer of semiconductor nanocrystals
Creators: name: Kos, S.
name: Achermann, M.
name: Klimov, V. I.
name: Smith, D. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the rate of non-radiative, Forster-type energy transfer (ET) from an excited epitaxial quantum well (QW) to a proximal monolayer of semiconductor nanocrystal quantum dots (QDs). Different electron-hole configurations in the QW are considered as a function of temperature and excited electron-hole density. A comparison of the theoretically determined ET rate and QW radiative recombination rate shows that, depending on the specific conditions, the ET rate is comparable to or even greater than the radiative recombination rate. Such efficient Forster ET is promising for the implementation of ET-pumped, nanocrystal QD-based light emitting devices.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures
Measuring assistance to the agricultural industry in Australia using a Production Assistance Index
Creators: name: MacLaren, Donald
name: Lloyd, Peter J.
name: MacLaren, Donald
name: Lloyd, Peter J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Production Assistance Index
subject: industry assistance
subject: Trade Restrictiveness Index
subject: Australian agricultural policy

description: The history of the reforms of the assistance given to Australian agriculture over the past fifty years is a remarkable story, especially when contrasted with the experiences of most other OECD countries. The effects of these reforms have been captured by the Productivity Commission (and its predecessors) and by Lloyd through time series of the nominal rates of assistance to individual agricultural commodities and to the industry as a whole. In this paper the concept of a partial equilibrium production assistance index is developed to obtain a more accurate picture of the implicit welfare consequences of this assistance for the period 1955-59 to 2000-04. This index is a mean of order 2. It is shown that the conventional average, the mean of order 1, substantially underestimates the mean of order 2, which is the correct definition of the average level of assistance.
Comparative optic and dosimetric characterization of the HYPERSCINT scintillation dosimetry research platform for multipoint applications
Creators: name: Jean, Emilie
name: Therriault-Proulx, Francois
name: Beaulieu, Luc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This study introduces the HYPERSCINT research platform, the first commercially available scintillation dosimetry platform capable of multi-point dosimetry through the hyperspectral approach. Optic and dosimetric performances of the system were investigated through comparison with another commercially available solution, the Ocean Optics QE65Pro spectrometer. The optical characterization was accomplished by measuring the linearity of the signal as a function of integration time, photon detection efficiency and spectral resolution for both systems. Dosimetric performances were then evaluated with a 3-point plastic scintillator detector (mPSD) in terms of signal to noise ratio (SNR) and signal to background ratio (SBR) associated with each scintillator. The latter were subsequently compared with those found in the literature for the Exradin W1, a single-point plastic scintillator detector. Finally, various beam measurements were realized with the HYPERSCINT platform to evaluate its ability to perform clinical photon beam dosimetry. Both systems were found to be comparable in terms of linearity of the signal as a function of the intensity. Although the QE65Pro possesses a higher spectral resolution, the detection efficency of the HYPERSCINT is up to 1000 time greater. Dosimetric measurements shows that the latter also offers a better SNR and SBR, surpassing even the SNR of the Exradin W1 single-point PSD. While the doses ranging from 1 cGy to 600 cGy were accurately measured within 2.1% of the predicted dose using the HYPERSCINT platform coupled to the mPSD, the Ocean optics spectrometer shows discrepencies up to 86% under 50cGy. Similarly, depth dose, full width at half maximum region of the beam profile and output factors were all accurately measured within 2.3% of the predicted dose using the HYPERSCINT platform and exhibit an average difference of 0.5%, 1.6% and 0.6%, respectively.
Tariff Escalation in the Doha Talks--Bringing the Issue to Resolution
Creators: name: Wainio, John
name: Vanzetti, David
name: Wainio, John
name: Vanzetti, David
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: tariff escalation
subject: agriculture
subject: trade
subject: tariffs
subject: WTO

description: Development objectives dictate that the Doha negotiations address tariff escalation. This could increase the production and export of processed goods in developing countries, expand investment and employment, and reduce dependence on primary product exports. Despite its importance, little progress has been made, notwithstanding that a final resolution to the negotiations will not be possible without bringing this issue to resolution. This paper quantifies tariff escalation within WTO members' tariff schedules and the degree to which a tiered formula could address this problem. Utilizing a detailed partial equilibrium global agricultural trade model we estimate the possible gains to developing countries from reducing tariff escalation.
Analisi archeozoologica, anatomo-patologica e biomeccanica su un Equus asinus L.: il caso di Palazzo Poggi (Lucca)
Creators: name: Landini, Laura
name: Sorrentino, Claudio
Publisher: name: Sezione di Museologia Scientifica e Naturalistica
Year: 2015

description: Riassunto - L’ambiente T dello scavo urbano di Palazzo Poggi (Lucca) inquadrabile cronologicamente tra il VI ed il IX sec. d.C. ed identificato come area di macellazione ha restituito reperti osteologici riferibili ad un esemplare maschio di 5 anni di Equus asinus L. affetto da patologie a livello di scapola, vertebre toraciche, lombari e prima falange anteriore.

Le osservazioni anatomo-patologiche hanno fornito il quadro clinico di un animale con gravi problemi deambulatori, probabilmente dolorante, che in vita doveva aver compiuto un’azione di traino di carichi pesanti e mal distribuiti, eseguendo un movimento di rotazione continua.

I risultati di uno sconsiderato uso lavorativo associati a tracce di macellazione interni alla mandibola e di scarnificazione sulla diafisi del metatarso suggeriscono che questo soggetto sia stato, probabilmente, sfruttato fino alla morte e dopo macellato oppure che, ormai inutilizzabile per qualsiasi attività, sia stato abbattuto e, dopodiché, macellato. Entrambe le ipotesi rimandano ad una società estremamente provata dal momento che numerose fonti attestano che gli equidi venissero macellati solo in situazioni estreme, purché non affetti da malattie contagiose, per non compromettere in alcun modo la forza lavoro.

Summary - Archaeozoological, anatomical, pathological and biomechanical analysis of a donkey (Equus asinus L.): the case of Palazzo Poggi (Lucca, Tuscany)

In the room T of the urban excavation site of Palazzo Poggi (Lucca, Tuscany), dating from the 6th to the 9th century A.D, identified as slaughtering area, some osteological fragments of a 5 years old male donkey (Equus asinus L.) were found. Fragments analysis revealed some pathologies in the left scapula, in the thoracic and lumbar vertebrae, and in the first left phalanx of anterior limb.

Pathological observations provided clinical evidence of serious walking impairment and probable pain, and allow us to affirm that the animal (Equus asinus L.) carried out an intensive work, loading excessive and badly distributed weights, and performing a continuous rotatory movement.

Phatological evidence, associated with slaughtering cuts made across the jaw and marks of scarification of the diaphysis of the metatarsal bone, suggest that the exploitation of this animal subsisted until its death. In fact, it is reasonable to argue that the slaughtering of the animal just coincided with his working incapacity. This hypothesis can be also confirmed by historical sources attesting that Equids were slaughtered only in extreme situations, in order to exploit their workforce as long as possible.
description: Sezione di Museologia Scientifica e Naturalistica, Vol 11, N° 2 (2015)
Institutional Constraints and Inter-jurisdictional Water Trade: The Case of the Australian Capital Territory and New South Wales
Creators: name: Pagan, Phil
name: Crase, Lin
name: Pagan, Phil
name: Crase, Lin
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development
Public Economics
Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: Water trade remains a contentious political issue in Australia, regardless of the acknowledged benefits to which economists continually refer. At least two sources of concern arise in discussions about water trade. First, concerns are often expressed about inter-sectoral ramifications. These usually take the form of prophecies about the profligate growth of urban centres being achieved at the expense of regional and rural communities. Second, mention of unfettered trade between jurisdictions is usually sufficient to provoke rhetoric that draws upon long-standing rivalries between states. This paper considers the benefits of water trade between agricultural interests in the Murrumbidgee Valley in New South Wales and the predominantly urban users in the Australian Capital Territory. The paper goes beyond the standard economic analysis by also pointing to the range of institutionally-based constraints that circumscribe the operation of water markets. In this regard, the arguments in the paper offer a salient caveat to the bold predictions of the National Water Plan and related statements on the operational dimensions of water policy.
Deformations of GR, Geometrodynamics and Reality Conditions
Creators: name: Krasnov, Kirill
name: Mitsou, Ermis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In four dimensions complexified General Relativity (GR) can be non-trivially deformed: There exists an (infinite-parameter) set of modifications all having the same count of degrees of freedom. It is trivial to impose reality conditions that give versions of the deformed theories corresponding to Riemannian and split metric signatures. We revisit the Lorentzian signature case. To make the problem tractable, we restrict our attention to a four-parameter set of deformations that are natural extensions of Ashtekar's Hamiltonian formalism for GR. The Hamiltonian of the later is a linear combination of $EEE$ and $EEB$. We consider theories for which the Hamiltonian constraint is a general linear combination of $EEE, EEB, EBB$ and $BBB$. Our main result is the computation of the evolution equations for the modified theories as geometrodynamics evolution equations for the 3-metric. We show that only for GR (and the related theory of Self-Dual Gravity) these equations close in the sense that they can be written in terms of only the metric and its first time derivative. Modified theories are therefore seen to be essentially non-metric in the sense that their dynamics cannot be reduced to geometrodynamics. We then show this to be related to the problem with Lorentzian reality conditions: the conditions of reality of the 3-metric and its time derivative are not acceptable because they are not preserved by the dynamics. Put differently, their conservation implies extra reality conditions on higher-order time derivatives, which then leaves no room for degrees of freedom.
description: 31 pages
Casimir effect in a six-dimensional vortex scenario
Creators: name: Linares, Roman
name: Morales-Tecotl, Hugo A.
name: Pedraza, Omar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently Randjbar-Daemi and Shaposhnikov put forward a 4-dimensional effective QED coming from a Nielsen-Olesen vortex solution of the abelian Higgs model with fermions coupled to gravity in D=6. However, exploring possible physical consequences of such an effective QED was left open. In this letter we study the corresponding effective Casimir effect. We find that the extra dimensions yield fifth and third inverse powers in the separation between plates for the modified Casimir force which are in conflict with known experiments, thus reducing the phenomenological viability of the model.
description: 12 pages, references added, comparison with experimental data clarified. v4 published version
Un giorno da cani
Creators: name: Maini, Elena
Publisher: name: Sezione di Museologia Scientifica e Naturalistica
Year: 2015

description: Riassunto - L’abitato di Riccione-IPERCOOP presenta più fasi insediative datate fra la fine dell’Eneolitico e il Bronzo recente. Sono state individuate un’area funzionale ed una prettamente insediativa, separate da una sorta di corridoio di rispetto. Dal riempimento (US 2284) di una piccola buca (US 2289), collocata proprio in quest’ultima area, proviene una particolare “sepoltura” animale plurima, cronologicamente inquadrabile nella fase di passaggio fra l’Eneolitico e gli inizi del Bronzo antico.

All’interno di una piccola fossa di circa 50 cm di diametro e 20 cm di profondità, sono stati recuperati i resti di 4 differenti cani. Si tratta di animali di taglia medio-piccola: due soggetti adulti di età differenti, un sub-adulto ed un cucciolo. Benché il consumo di carne di cane ed il coinvolgimento di questi animali in pratiche rituali rappresentino eventi affatto occasionali in ambito preistorico, non si hanno, in questo caso, evidenze utili alla comprensione del deposito. Si tratta, comunque, di un ritrovamento singolare che merita un’esposizione ed una valutazione dettagliate.

Summary - A dog day

The settlement site of Riccione-IPERCOOP presents different occupational stages dating between the late Eneolithic and Bronze Age. A functional and a residential area separated by an empty corridor have been identified. A peculiar multiple dogs “burial” has been found in the filling of a small pit, located in the residential area. The event is chronologically framed in the transitional phase between the late Eneolithic and the beginning of the early Bronze Age.
The remains of four different dogs, probably in anatomic connection, have been found within a small pit measuring 50 cm in diameter and 20 cm in depth. The animals were of medium to small sized, two adults of different ages, a sub-adult and a puppy. Although the involvement of dogs in ritual practices and the consumption of their meat as food were not infrequent during prehistory, there is no evidence to support either of such practices. It is indeed a rather exceptional discovery which deserves a detailed evaluation and presentation
description: Sezione di Museologia Scientifica e Naturalistica, Vol 11, N° 2 (2015)
Skyrmions Near Defects
Creators: name: Derras-Chouk, Amel
name: Chudnovsky, Eugene M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the impact of an exchange-reducing defect on a skyrmion for a thin film of finite thickness. Attraction of the skyrmion to a defect is demonstrated in a lattice model by computing the micromagnetic energy accounting for the exchange, Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction, magnetic anisotropy, and dipole-dipole coupling. The spiraling dynamics of the skyrmion towards the defect is illustrated by solving numerically the full Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equations on a lattice and, independently, the Thiele equation, with the two methods in agreement with each other. We find that the skyrmion deforms when approaching the defect. Deformation is small in the parameter space far from the phase boundary that determines stability of skyrmions. It increases dramatically near the phase boundary, leading to the transformation of the skyrmion by the defect into a snake-like magnetic domain.
Measuring Regional Productivity Differences in the Australian Wool Industry: A Metafrontier Approach
Creators: name: Villano, Renato A.
name: Fleming, Euan M.
name: Fleming, Pauline
name: Villano, Renato A.
name: Fleming, Euan M.
name: Fleming, Pauline
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Efficiency
subject: Productivity
subject: Metafrontier
subject: Technology Gaps
subject: Wool Production
subject: Spatial

description: Using panel data, we estimate technology gaps for four distinct sheep-producing regions in Eastern Australia (Northern New South Wales, Central and South-Eastern New South Wales, South-Western New South Wales and South-West Victoria) that reflect spatial environmental and technological differences in wool production. A deterministic stochastic metafrontier production function model is estimated that envelops the stochastic frontiers of the four regions. This metafrontier approach enables us to estimate the environment-technology gap ratio that reflects these spatial differences in the environment and variations in production technologies in the wool enterprise for benchmarked farmers in each region. As a result, a more accurate estimation is possible of changes in total factor productivity on farms in the different regions. The major findings are that environment-technology gaps do exist between regions but they are relatively small. Greater variation is apparent within regions. Variation in technical efficiency seems to depend on the harshness of the production environment and whether consultancy advice is regularly received by the benchmarking group.
On Higher Order Structures in Thermodynamics
Creators: name: Lychagin, Valentin
name: Roop, Mikhail
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the development of the approach to thermodynamics based on measurement. First of all, we recall that considering classical thermodynamics as a theory of measurement of extensive variables one gets the description of thermodynamic states as Legendrian or Lagrangian manifolds representing the average of measurable quantities and extremal measures. Secondly, the variance of random vectors induces the Riemannian structures on the corresponding manifolds. Computing higher order central moments one drives to the corresponding higher order structures, namely, the cubic and the fourth order forms. The cubic form is responsible for the skewness of the extremal distribution. The condition for it to be zero gives us so-called symmetric processes. The positivity of the fourth order structure gives us an additional requirement to thermodynamic state.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures; the Discussion section has been added, typos and figures corrected
Additional file 1 of Hospital dental care for patients with Niemann-Pick syndrome type B: a case report
Creators: name: da  Fonseca Orcina, Bernardo
name: Reia, Verônica Caroline Brito
name: Zangrando, Denis
name: da Silva Santos, Paulo Sérgio
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: Space Science
Medicine
Biotechnology
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Cancer
Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 1.
Caught in the cosmic web: Environmental effect on halo concentrations, shape, and spin
Creators: name: Hellwing, Wojciech A.
name: Cautun, Marius
name: van de Weygaert, Rien
name: Jones, Bernard T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using a set of high-resolution simulations we study the statistical correlation of dark matter halo properties with the large-scale environment. We consider halo populations split into four Cosmic Web (CW) elements: voids, walls, filaments, and nodes. For the first time we present a study of CW effects for halos covering six decades in mass: $10^{8}-10^{14}{h^{-1}{\rm M}_{\odot}}$. We find that the fraction of halos living in various web components is a strong function of mass, with the majority of $M>10^{12}{h^{-1}{\rm M}_{\odot}}$ halos living in filaments and nodes. Low mass halos are more equitably distributed in filaments, walls, and voids. For halo density profiles and formation times we find a universal mass threshold of $M_{th}\sim6\times10^{10}{h^{-1}{\rm M}_{\odot}}$ below which these properties vary with environment. Here, filament halos have the steepest concentration-mass relation, walls are close to the overall mean, and void halos have the flattest relation. This amounts to $c_{200}$ for filament and void halos that are respectively $14\%$ higher and $7\%$ lower than the mean at $M=2\times10^8{h^{-1}{\rm M}_{\odot}}$, with low-mass node halos being most likely splashed-back. We find double power-law fits that very well describe $c(M)$ for the four environments in the whole probed mass range. A complementary picture is found for the average formation times, with the mass-formation time relations following trends shown for the concentrations: the nodes halos being the oldest and void halo the youngest. The CW environmental effect is much weaker when studying the halo spin and shapes. The trends with halo mass is reversed: the small halos with $M<10^{10}{h^{-1}{\rm M}_{\odot}}$ seem to be unaffected by the CW environment. Some weak trends are visible for more massive void and walls halos, which, on average, are characterized by lower spin and higher triaxiality parameters.
description: 18 pages, 9 figures, match the published version in Physical Review D eid. 063517
Extensions : spacing postmodern time and distancing postmodern proximity : Elizabeth Bowen, Gianni Vattimo, and the end(s) of modernity
Creators: name: Cummings, Kasey Allain
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: For almost fifty years, readers of Elizabeth Bowen's wartime novel The Heat of the Day have been mystified by this odd culmination of her attempt to write a 'present-day historical novel' recreating the experience of the Second World War in London. The novel was to comprise 'the ideal vehicle for her memory' of the war, in response to the ubiquitous fear of artists and critics alike that the novel creating "a picture [of the war] which [could] not be effaced by tomorrow's newspaper" (Calder-Marshall, et al "Manifesto") would not get written. However, the question remains ~ why is war inscribed in the text as a marginal background event? The peculiarity of the text with its figure-ground shift has frustrated at least as many readers as it has pleased. And yet, over the fifty years of its reception, one discovers an increasing emphasis on the philosophical and allegorical aspects of Bowen's text. And thus, the effect of this history of the text's reception (its Wirkungsgeschichte) can in turn be read as a repetition of the shift or movement detected within Bowen's wartime text itself — namely, the shift from epistemological or modernist questions and concerns to ontological or postmodernist ones. This paper is motivated in part to offer yet another reading of Bowen's mysterious wartime text. Following the conjecture that the Second World War represented an emotional, spiritual, and intellectual crisis for Bowen, this paper reads it as being both a crisis of representation and a 'clarifying moment,' or a moment of disclosure which foregrounds the interpretive aspect of human existence. This reading of the text is then linked with the postmodern philosophical framework prompted by Gianni Vattimo's theory of hermeneutic ontology, following the German philosopher Martin Heidegger. In texts such as The End of Modernity and Beyond Interpretation. Vattimo studies, in his words, "the relationship that links the conclusions reached by Nietzsche and Heidegger in their respective works... to more recent discourses on the end of the modern era and on postmodernity" ("Introduction" to The End of Modernity 1). In an extension of Vattimo's understanding of this relationship then, this paper both spaces postmodern time and distances postmodern proximity through its reading of an existential context shared by the acute triangle of the writers under consideration: Heidegger (1889-1976), Bowen (1899-1973), and Vattimo (1936-). As such, this paper offers a unique contribution to Bowen studies, as well as expanding the critical and methodological approach to war writing as a category. And finally, it contributes to an opening horizon of postmodern critical practices as formulated by Vattimo.
Double trouble: The importance of accounting for and defining water entitlements consistent with hydrological realities (Conference title: Water Trading in the MDBC: How well is the market functioning?)
Creators: name: Young, Michael D.
name: McColl, James C.
name: Young, Michael D.
name: McColl, James C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Interception
subject: water accounting
subject: water rights
subject: water markets
subject: water trading

description: When water entitlement and water sharing systems are mis-specified, that is specified in a manner that lacks hydrological integrity, inefficient investment and water use is the result. Using Australia's Murray Darling Basin as an example, this paper attempts to reveal the economic consequences of entitlement mis-specification. Options for specification of entitlement and allocation systems in a way that has hydrological integrity are presented. It is reasoned, that if entitlement and allocation system were set up in this manner the result would be an efficient allocation regime that would autonomously adjust to climatic shifts, changes in prices and changes in technology whilst maintaining environmental integrity.
I resti faunistici del sito di Wallneregg (Renon, Bolzano). Dati preliminari
Creators: name: Depellegrin, Valentina
name: Tecchiati, Umberto
name: Putzer, Andreas
Publisher: name: Sezione di Museologia Scientifica e Naturalistica
Year: 2016

description: Riassunto - Il sito oggetto di studio è un colle porfirico dotato di poderosa fortificazione in pietra che si eleva a 1301 metri di quota nei pressi di Soprabolzano, sull’altipiano del Renon. Ricerche recentemente condotte a Wallneregg hanno portato all’individuazione di una complessa situazione strutturale complessivamente interpretabile in senso cultuale (rogo votivo). Il materiale archeologico associato ai resti faunistici data il complesso al Bronzo finale. Considerata la natura cultuale del sito il lotto faunistico è stato studiato dando particolare rilievo soprattutto agli aspetti tafonomici e agli effetti dell'alterazione del fuoco sui reperti. La quasi totalità dei reperti (91,4%) reca segni di modificazioni indotte dal fuoco che hanno reso difficile la determinazione, difatti solo il 17,2% ha potuto essere classificato pienamente. La gran parte dei resti è riferibile ad animali domestici, prevalentemente al bue e in minor misura ai caprini domestici e al maiale. Vi sono documentate anche esigue presenze di cane, di cavallo, di cervo, di capriolo e di cinghiale. Gli scarsi dati emersi dallo studio dell'età di morte hanno permesso di identificare per le specie domestiche principali la presenza di tutte le classi di età. Concludendo, lo studio della distribuzione delle diverse regioni scheletriche e l'analisi di alcuni campioni non determinabili forniscono ulteriori dati sull'utilizzo delle parti scheletriche nel quadro delle pratiche rituali.

Summary - A preliminary analysis of faunistic records of the Wallneregg site (Renon, Province of Bolzano).

The study area resides at a porphrytic hill with mighty fortification at 1,301 m (AMSL) at Soprabolzano on the Renon altopiano. Recent investigation in Wallneregg evidenced a complex cult structure (fire worship). The archaeological findings are dated to the Final Bronze Age. The analysis of faunistic records focused on the taphonomic assessment and the analysis of alterations from burning processes on the findings. Results indicate that 91.4% of records were alterated from burning processes leading to 17.2% of records being classified. The majority can be attributed to domestic animals, ox, domestic goat and pig, but also dog, horse, stag, chamois and wild boar. The estimated age of death of domestic animals is defined as infantile, young, adult and senile. We conclude that the distribution of various skeletal regions and the analysis of non - determinable samples provided further insights in the adopted worship practices.
description: Sezione di Museologia Scientifica e Naturalistica, Vol 11, N° 2 (2015)