cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Hypervelocity binary stars: smoking gun of massive binary black holes
Creators: name: Lu, Youjun
name: Yu, Qingjuan
name: Lin, D. N. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The hypervelocity stars recently found in the Galactic halo are expelled from the Galactic center through interactions between binary stars and the central massive black hole or between single stars and a hypothetical massive binary black hole. In this paper, we demonstrate that binary stars can be ejected out of the Galactic center with velocities up to 10^3 km/s, while preserving their integrity, through interactions with a massive binary black hole. Binary stars are unlikely to attain such high velocities via scattering by a single massive black hole or through any other mechanisms. Based on the above theoretical prediction, we propose a search for binary systems among the hypervelocity stars. Discovery of hypervelocity binary stars, even one, is a definitive evidence of the existence of a massive binary black hole in the Galactic center.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, shortened version, ApJL in press
Satellites of Simulated Galaxies: survival, merging, and their relation to the dark and stellar halos
Creators: name: Sales, L. V.
name: Navarro, J. F.
name: Abadi, M. G.
name: Steinmetz, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the population of satellite galaxies formed in a suite of N-body/gasdynamical simulations of galaxy formation in a LCDM universe. We find little spatial or kinematic bias between the dark matter and the satellite population. The velocity dispersion of the satellites is a good indicator of the virial velocity of the halo: σ_{sat}/V_{vir}=0.9 +/- 0.2. Applied to the Milky Way and M31 this gives V_{vir}^{MW}=109 +/- 22$ km/s and V_{vir}^{M31} = 138 +/- 35 km/s, respectively, substantially lower than the rotation speed of their disk components. The detailed kinematics of simulated satellites and dark matter are also in good agreement. By contrast, the stellar halo of the simulated galaxies is kinematically and spatially distinct from the population of surviving satellites. This is because the survival of a satellite depends on mass and on time of accretion; surviving satellites are biased toward low-mass systems that have been recently accreted by the galaxy. Our results support recent proposals for the origin of the systematic differences between stars in the Galactic halo and in Galactic satellites: the elusive ``building blocks'' of the Milky Way stellar halo were on average more massive, and were accreted (and disrupted) earlier than the population of dwarfs that has survived self-bound until the present.
description: 13 pages, 11 figures, MNRAS in press. Accepted version with minor changes. Version with high resolution figures available at: http://www.astro.uvic.ca/~lsales/SatPapers/SatPapers.html
Impact of surface and laser-induced noise on the spectral stability of implanted nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond
Creators: name: Chakravarthi, Srivatsa
name: Pederson, Christian
name: Kazi, Zeeshawn
name: Ivanov, Andrew
name: Fu, Kai-Mei C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Scalable realizations of quantum network technologies utilizing the nitrogen vacancy center in diamond require creation of optically coherent NV centers in close proximity to a surface for coupling to optical structures. We create single NV centers by $^{15}$N ion implantation and high-temperature vacuum annealing. Origin of the NV centers is established by optically detected magnetic resonance spectroscopy for nitrogen isotope identification. Near lifetime-limited optical linewidths ($
description: 8 pages, 6 figures, 1 table
The Landscape of Sparticle Mass Hierarchies and Their Signature Space at the LHC
Creators: name: Feldman, Daniel
name: Liu, Zuowei
name: Nath, Pran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The minimal supersymmetric standard model with soft breaking has a large landscape of supersymmetric particle mass hierarchies. This number is reduced significantly in well-motivated scenarios such as minimal supergravity and alternatives. We carry out an analysis of the landscape for the first four lightest particles and identify at least 16 mass patterns, and provide benchmarks for each. We study the signature space for the patterns at the CERN Large Hadron Collider by analyzing the lepton + (jet $\geq 2$) + missing $P_T$ signals with 0, 1, 2 and 3 leptons. Correlations in missing $P_T$ are also analyzed. It is found that even with 10 fb$^{-1}$ of data a significant discrimination among patterns emerges
description: 9 pages, 4 figures, typos corrected in figure 1
TopCycle: A Novel High Performance and Fuel Flexible Gas Turbine Cycle
Creators: name: Dybe, Simeon
name: Bartlett, Michael
name: Pålsson, Jens
name: Stathopoulos, Panagiotis
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 600 Technik, Technologie
subject: TopCycle
subject: wet cycle
subject: Phoenix BioPower
subject: cycle analysis
subject: power and heat generation
subject: BTC cycle

description: High pressure humidified cycles can combine high operational flexibility and high thermal efficiency. The current work introduces such a cycle, namely TopCycle, which provides the necessary combustion infrastructure to operate on a wide fuel variety in a steam-rich atmosphere. The cycle configuration is presented in detail, and its operation is exemplified on the basis of simulation results. Operation at design condition results in electric efficiencies higher than 50% (lower heating value (LHV)) and power densities higher than 2100 kW/kgair (referred to intake air flow). A sensitivity analysis identifies the cycle performance as a function of representative parameters, which provide the basis for future operation and design improvements. As for any gas turbine cycle, TopCycle’s electric efficiency can be effectively improved by increasing the turbine inlet temperature, optimizing the economizer heat recovery, as well as elevating the working pressure. Finally, TopCycle’s performance is compared to a state-of-the-art combined cycle (CC) at equivalent operation parameters. The TopCycle operates at an elevated electric efficiency and considerably higher power density, which can be transferred into smaller plant footprint and dimensions and thus lower investment costs at equal power output in comparison to a CC.
Understanding cavity dynamics near deformable oil drop via numerical simulations☆
Creators: name: Pandey, Deepak
name: Kumar, Rupak
name: Ranade, Vivek
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 34
subject: Chemical sciences
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Cavitation is increasingly being used for producing liquid–liquid emulsions. Cavity collapse generates microscale high-speed jets, which play a crucial role in cavitation-driven emulsification. It is thus essential to investigate the interaction of cavity and droplet to improve the understanding of the cavitation-driven emulsification process. In this study, we have numerically investigated the interaction of a single cavity-droplet pair dispersed in a water medium mimicking the scenario occurring inside a hydrodynamic cavitation-based fluidic device. A direct numerical simulation utilizing the multi-fluid, volume of fluid (VOF) method has been used for simulating different scenarios of cavity droplet interactions. The effect of the droplet-cavity size ratio (β) and the stand-off parameter (γ) on cavity-droplet dynamics have been investigated. The influence of these parameters on cavity jet velocity (Umax) and energy dissipation rate (ε) was evaluated. Cavity jet velocity (Umax) increases at first, then decreases with the stand-off parameter whereas it increases and becomes almost constant for the size ratio. The maximum cavity jet velocity in the present work is obtained for the case β = 2.5(γ = 0.7) and β = 5(γ = 1.2). The energy dissipation rate for cavity-oil droplet interaction is of the order 108 m2 /s3 , irrespective of the stand-off parameter and size ratio for a given driving force. The results presented in this work improve the current fundamental understanding of cavity–drop interactions and provide a useful basis for developing cavitation-induced droplet breakage models for predicting droplet size distributions, enabling enhanced applications of cavitation for emulsification in the chemical industries.
Fractional Generalization of Kac Integral
Creators: name: Tarasov, Vasily E.
name: Zaslavsky, George M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Generalization of the Kac integral and Kac method for paths measure based on the Levy distribution has been used to derive fractional diffusion equation. Application to nonlinear fractional Ginzburg-Landau equation is discussed.
description: 16 pages, LaTeX
Structural stability for a thermal convection model with temperature-dependent solubility
Creators: name: Ciarletta, Michele
name: Straughan, Brian
name: Tibullo, Vincenzo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a problem involving thermosolutal convection in a fluid when the solute concentration is subject to a chemical reaction in which the solubility of the dissolved component is a function of temperature. When the spatial domain is a bounded one in $\mathbb{R}^{2}$ we show that the solution depends continuously on the reaction rate using true \emph{a priori} bounds for the solution when the chemical equilibrium function is an arbitrary function of temperature.
Optimal Control of charge transfer
Creators: name: Werschnik, J.
name: Gross, E. K. U.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we investigate how and to which extent a quantum system can be driven along a prescribed path in space by a suitably tailored laser pulse. The laser field is calculated with the help of quantum optimal control theory employing a time-dependent formulation for the control target. Within a two-dimensional (2D) model system we have successfully optimized laser fields for two distinct charge transfer processes. The resulting laser fields can be understood as a complicated interplay of different excitation and de-excitation processes in the quantum system.
Analysis of the Velocity Field of F and G Dwarfs in the Solar Neighborhood as a Function of Age
Creators: name: Bobylev, Vadim V.
name: Bajkova, Anisa T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The space velocities from the catalog of Nordstrom et al. (2004) are used to trace variations of a number of kinematic parameters of single F and G dwarfs as a function of their age. The vertex deviation of disk stars increases from 7+- 1 to 15+-2 degrees as the mean age decreases from 4.3 to 1.5 Gyr. The two-dimensional velocity distributions in the UV, UW, and VW planes are analyzed. The evolution of the main peaks in the velocity distributions can be followed to an average age of approximately 9 Gyr. We find that: (1) in the distributions of the UV velocity components, stars of different types are concentrated toward several stable peaks (the Hyades, Pleiades, and Sirius Cluster), suggesting that the stars belonging to these formations did not form simultaneously; (2) the peak associated with the Hyades Cluster dominates in all age intervals; and (3) the Hyades peak is strongest for stars with an average age of 1.5 Gyr, suggesting that this peak contains a considerable fraction of stars from the Hyades cluster. The age dependences of the kinematic parameters exhibit a break near 4.5 Gyr, which can be explained as an effect of the different contributions of stars of the thin and thick disks. The Stromberg relation yields a solar LSR velocity of V_{\odot LSR} = (8.7, 6.2, 7.2)+- (0.5, 2.2, 0.8) km/s.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures, 3 tables
The search for continuous gravitational waves from small-ellipticity sources at low frequencies
Creators: name: Dergachev, Vladimir
name: Papa, Maria Alessandra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of an all-sky search for continuous gravitational wave signals with frequencies in the 20-500 Hz range from neutron stars with ellipticity of 1e-8. This frequency region is particularly hard to probe because of the quadratic dependence of signal strength on frequency. The search employs the Falcon analysis pipeline on LIGO O2 public data. Compared to previous Falcon analyses the coherence length has been quadrupled, with a corresponding increase in sensitivity. This enables us to search for small ellipticity neutron stars in this low frequency region up to 44 pc away. The frequency derivative range is up to 3e-13 Hz/s easily accommodating sources with ellipticities of 1e-7 and a corresponding factor of 10 increase in reach. New outliers are found, many of which we are unable to associate with any instrumental cause.
description: 6 pages, comments welcome
Cosmic Ménage à Trois: The Origin of Satellite Galaxies On Extreme Orbits
Creators: name: Sales, L. V.
name: Navarro, J. F.
name: Abadi, M. G.
name: Steinmetz, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the orbits of satellite galaxies identified in a suite of N-body/gasdynamical simulations of the formation of $L_*$ galaxies in a LCDM universe. Most satellites follow conventional orbits; after turning around, they accrete into their host halo and settle on orbits whose apocentric radii are steadily eroded by dynamical friction. However, a number of outliers are also present, we find that ~1/3 of satellites identified at $z=0$ are on unorthodox orbits, with apocenters that exceed their turnaround radii. This population of satellites on extreme orbits consists typically of the faint member of a satellite pair that has been ejected onto a highly-energetic orbit during its first approach to the primary. Since the concurrent accretion of multiple satellite systems is a defining feature of hierarchical models of galaxy formation, we speculate that this three-body ejection mechanism may be the origin of (i) some of the newly discovered high-speed satellites around M31 (such as Andromeda XIV); (ii) some of the distant fast-receding Local Group members, such as Leo I; and (iii) the oddly isolated dwarf spheroidals Cetus and Tucana in the outskirts of the Local Group. Our results suggest that care must be exercised when using the orbits of the most weakly bound satellites to place constraints on the total mass of the Local Group.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures, MNRAS in press. Accepted version with minor changes. Version with high resolution figures available at: http://www.astro.uvic.ca/~lsales/SatPapers/SatPapers.html
A collective coordinate framework to study solitary waves in stochastically perturbed Korteweg-de Vries equations
Creators: name: Cartwright, Madeleine
name: Gottwald, Georg A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Stochastically perturbed Korteweg-de Vries (KdV) equations are widely used to describe the effect of random perturbations on coherent solitary waves. We present a collective coordinate approach to describe the effect on coherent solitary waves in stochastically perturbed KdV equations. The collective coordinate approach allows one to reduce the infinite-dimensional stochastic partial differential equation (SPDE) to a finite-dimensional stochastic differential equation for the amplitude, width and location of the solitary wave. The reduction provides a remarkably good quantitative description of the shape of the solitary waves and its location. Moreover, the collective coordinate framework can be used to estimate the time-scale of validity of stochastically perturbed KdV equations for which they can be used to describe coherent solitary waves. We describe loss of coherence by blow-up as well as by radiation into linear waves. We corroborate our analytical results with numerical simulations of the full SPDE.
Horizons in 2+1-dimensional collapse of particles
Creators: name: Brill, Dieter
name: Khetarpal, Puneet
name: Kaul, Vijay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A simple, geometrical construction is given for three-dimensional spacetimes with negative cosmological constant that contain two particles colliding head-on. Depending on parameters like particle masses and distance, the combined geometry will the that of a particle, or of a black hole. In the black hole case the horizon is calculated. It is found that that the horizon typically starts at a point and spreads into a closed curve with corners, which propagate along spacelike caustics and disappear as the horizon passes the particles.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
title: Βελτιστοποίηση συστήματος εφοδιαστικής αλυσίδας με χρήση μοντέλων χώρου κατάστασης υπό συνθήκες μερικής αβεβαιότητας
title: Supply chain system optimization using state space models under partial uncertainty
Creators: name: Δραγατιδη Ασπασια-Θαλεια
Publisher: name: Technical University of Crete
Year: 2025

description: Η διπλωματική εργασία ασχολείται με τη βελτιστοποίηση της διαχείρισης αποθεμάτων μέσω μαθηματικών μοντέλων και αλγορίθμων. Χρησιμοποιείται η προσέγγιση state-space models για τη μοντελοποίηση του συστήματος και εφαρμόζονται τεχνικές βελτιστοποίησης για την εξεύρεση της βέλτιστης στρατηγικής παραγγελιών. Επιπλέον, αναλύονται διάφορα σενάρια ζήτησης (αισιόδοξα και μη), και τα αποτελέσματα αξιολογούνται μέσω δεικτών όπως το shortage και το profit. Η σύγκριση των σεναρίων γίνεται με το Pareto diagram, παρέχοντας χρήσιμες πληροφορίες για τη βέλτιστη λήψη αποφάσεων στη διαχείριση αποθεμάτων.
description: The thesis focuses on inventory management optimization through mathematical models and algorithms. A state-space model approach is used to represent the system, while optimization techniques are applied to determine the optimal ordering strategy. Additionally, various demand scenarios (both optimistic and pessimistic) are analyzed, and the results are evaluated using key metrics such as shortage and profit. The comparison of scenarios is conducted using the Pareto diagram, providing valuable insights for optimal decision-making in inventory management.
Auxiliary Field Diffusion Monte Carlo calculation of nuclei with A<40 with tensor interactions
Creators: name: Gandolfi, S.
name: Pederiva, F.
name: Fantoni, S.
name: Schmidt, K. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the ground-state energy of 4He, 8He, 16O, and 40Ca using the auxiliary field diffusion Monte Carlo method in the fixed phase approximation and the Argonne v6' interaction which includes a tensor force. Comparison of our light nuclei results to those of Green's function Monte Carlo calculations shows the accuracy of our method for both open and closed shell nuclei. We also apply it to 16O and 40Ca to show that quantum Monte Carlo methods are now applicable to larger nuclei.
description: 4 pages, no figures
Entrena tu capacidad de revisión de artículos
Creators: name: Chamorro-Padial, Jorge
name: Rodríguez-Sánchez, Rosa Mª
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: peer review
revisión por pares
entrenamiento
mejora
calidad
autores
revisores
revistas

description: Estamos encantados de invitarles a nuestro nuevo web: https://blackcat.ugr.es/quasispecies/ Quasispecies-Peer Review es una herramienta que permite conocer la habilidad de un investigador para diferenciar entre artículos de impacto BAJO, MEDIO Y ALTO en la comunidad científica. En el PDF pueden encontrar más detalles con los pasos a seguir.
Measurement Based Feedback Quantum Control With Deep Reinforcement Learning for Double-well Non-linear Potential
Creators: name: Borah, Sangkha
name: Sarma, Bijita
name: Kewming, Michael
name: Milburn, Gerard J.
name: Twamley, Jason
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Closed loop quantum control uses measurement to control the dynamics of a quantum system to achieve either a desired target state or target dynamics. In the case when the quantum Hamiltonian is quadratic in ${x}$ and ${p}$, there are known optimal control techniques to drive the dynamics towards particular states e.g. the ground state. However, for nonlinear Hamiltonians such control techniques often fail. We apply Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL), where an artificial neural agent explores and learns to control the quantum evolution of a highly non-linear system (double well), driving the system towards the ground state with high fidelity. We consider a DRL strategy which is particularly motivated by experiment where the quantum system is continuously but weakly measured. This measurement is then fed back to the neural agent and used for training. We show that the DRL can effectively learn counter-intuitive strategies to cool the system to a nearly-pure `cat' state which has a high overlap fidelity with the true ground state.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, journal article with supplementary materials
Amphibambusa D. Q. Dai & K. D. Hyde
Creators: name: Zhou, Xin
name: Habib, Kamran
name: Zeng, Wenyu
name: Ren, Yulin
name: Shen, Xiangchun
name: Kang, Jichuan
name: Li, Qirui
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Fungi
Ascomycota
Sordariomycetes
Amphisphaeriales
Amphisphaeriaceae
Amphibambusa

description: Amphibambusa D. Q. Dai & K. D. Hyde Fungal Diversity 72: 9, 2015.
Notes.
The genus Amphibambusa was introduced by Liu et al. (2015) which is characterized by immersed, solitary, scattered, globose to subglobose ascomata, ostiole at the centre, surrounded by white margin, unitunicate, cylindrical, short-pedicellate asci with a J +, subapical ring, and fusiform, subhyaline, longitudinally striated, 1 - septate ascospores surrounded by a gelatinous sheath. Currently, the genus comprises two species: A. hongheensis H. B. Jiang & Phookamsak and A. bambusicola D. Q. Dai & K. D. Hyde (Liu et al. 2015, Jiang et al. 2021 a). In this study, we introduce a new species of Amphibambusa from Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China.
description: Published as part of Zhou, Xin, Habib, Kamran, Zeng, Wenyu, Ren, Yulin, Shen, Xiangchun, Kang, Jichuan & Li, Qirui, 2024, Addition of three new species of Xylariomycetidae fungi on bamboo from Southern China, pp. 109-129 in MycoKeys 109 on pages 109-129, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.109.128020
The Young and the Dustless: Interpreting Radio Observations of UltraViolet Luminous Galaxies
Creators: name: Basu-Zych, Antara R.
name: Schiminovich, David
name: Johnson, Benjamin D.
name: Hoopes, Charles
name: Overzier, Roderik
name: Treyer, Marie A.
name: Heckman, Timothy M.
name: Barlow, Tom A.
name: Bianchi, Luciana
name: Conrow, Tim
name: Donas, Jose
name: Forster, Karl G.
name: Friedman, Peter G.
name: Lee, Young-Wook
name: Madore, Barry F.
name: Martin, D. Christopher
name: Milliard, Bruno
name: Morrissey, Patrick
name: Neff, Susan G.
name: Rich, R. Michael
name: Salim, Samir
name: Seibert, Mark
name: Small, Todd A.
name: Szalay, Alex S.
name: Wyder, Ted K.
name: Yi, Suk Young
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ultraviolet Luminous Galaxies (UVLGs) have been identified as intensely star-forming, nearby galaxies. A subset of these, the supercompact UVLGs, are believed to be local analogs of high redshift Lyman Break Galaxies. Here we investigate the radio continuum properties of this important population for the first time. We have observed 42 supercompact UVLGs with the VLA, all of which have extensive coverage in the UV/optical by GALEX and SDSS. Our analysis includes comparison samples of multiwavelength data from the Spitzer First Look Survey and from the SDSS-Galex matched catalogs. In addition we have Spitzer MIPS data for 24 of our galaxies and find that they fall on the radio-FIR correlation of normal star-forming galaxies. We find that our galaxies have lower radio-to-UV ratios and lower Balmer decrements than other local galaxies with similar (high) star formation rates. Optical spectra show they have lower Dn(4000) and HdeltaA indices, higher Hbeta emission-line equivalents widths, and higher [OIII]5007/Hbeta emission-line ratios than normal star forming galaxies. Comparing these results to galaxy spectral evolution models we conclude that supercompact UVLGs are distinguished from normal star forming galaxies firstly by their high specific star formation rates. Moreover, compared to other types of galaxies with similar star formation rates, they have significantly less dust attenuation. In both regards they are similar to Lyman Break Galaxies. This suggests that the process that causes star formation in the supercompact UVLGs differs from other local star forming galaxies, but may be similar to Lyman Break Galaxies.
description: 37 pages, 13 figures, accepted and scheduled to appear in ApJS December 2007 (GALEX Special Issue)
Origin of Discrepancies in Inelastic Electron Tunneling Spectra of Molecular Junctions
Creators: name: Yu, Lam H.
name: Zangmeister, Christopher D.
name: Kushmerick, James G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report inelastic electron tunneling spectroscopy (IETS) of multilayer molecular junctions with and without incorporated metal nano-particles. The incorporation of metal nanoparticles into our devices leads to enhanced IET intensity and a modified line-shape for some vibrational modes. The enhancement and line-shape modification are both the result of a low lying hybrid metal nanoparticle-molecule electronic level. These observations explain the apparent discrepancy between earlier IETS measurements of alkane thiolate junctions by Kushmerick \emph{et al.} [Nano Lett. \textbf{4}, 639 (2004)] and Wang \emph{et al.} [Nano Lett. \textbf{4}, 643 (2004)].
description: 4 pages, 4 figures accepted for publication in Physical Review Letters
The key roles of economic and social organization and producer and consumer behaviour towards a health-agriculture-food-environment nexus: recent advances and future prospects
Creators: name: Thomas, Alban
name: Lamine, Claire
name: Allès, Benjamin
name: Chiffoleau, Yuna
name: Doré, Antoine
name: Dubuisson-Quellier, Sophie
name: Hannachi, Mourad
name: Thomas, Alban
name: Lamine, Claire
name: Allès, Benjamin
name: Chiffoleau, Yuna
name: Doré, Antoine
name: Dubuisson-Quellier, Sophie
name: Hannachi, Mourad
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Health Economics and Policy
subject: Nexus
subject: Food system
subject: Health
subject: Social and economic organization
subject: Behaviour

description: We discuss in this paper the role of the economic and social organization in agriculture and the food industry, in relation with the Health-Agriculture-Food- Environment (HAFEN) concept. The aim is to better understand the potential impact of the implementation of this concept in food consumption and production systems in terms of research needs. The paper suggests a research agenda dedicated to the modes of social and economic organization of key stakeholders in the implementation of nexus-based systems, facilitating the convergence among health, food and environmental objectives. Based on a literature survey, three main topics are discussed: (a) processes and drivers of change of food consumption practices; (b) coordination and multi-agent governance modes to better account for health issues in agrif
The dark haloes of early-type galaxies in low-density environments: XMM-Newton and Chandra observations of NGC 57, NGC 7796 and IC 1531
Creators: name: O'Sullivan, E.
name: Sanderson, A. J. R.
name: Ponman, T. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present analysis of Chandra and XMM-Newton observations of three early-type galaxies, NGC 57, NGC 7796 and IC 1531. All three are found in very low density environments, and appear to have no neighbours of comparable size. NGC 57 has a halo of kT~0.9 keV, solar metallicity gas, while NGC 7796 and IC 1531 both have ~0.55 keV, 0.5-0.6 Zsol haloes. IC 1531 has a relatively compact halo, and we consider it likely that gas has been removed from the system by the effects of AGN heating. For NGC 57 and NGC 7796 we estimate mass, entropy and cooling time profiles and find that NGC 57 has a fairly massive dark halo with a mass-to-light ratio of 44.7 (4.0,-8.5) Msol/Lsol (1 sigma uncertainties) at 4.75 Re. This is very similar to the mass-to-light ratio found for NGC 4555 and confirms that isolated ellipticals can possess sizable dark matter haloes. We find a significantly lower mass-to-light ratio for NGC 7796, 10.6 (+2.5,-2.3) Msol/Lsol at 5 Re, and discuss the possibility that NGC 7796 hosts a galactic wind, causing us to underestimate its mass.
description: 14 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Sintering kinetics of the superconducting YBa₂Cu₃O compound
Creators: name: Poisl, W. Howard
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The effect of oxygen partial pressure and temperature on the solid state sintering kinetics of the superconducting ceramic YBa₂Cu₃O₇₋₈ has been investigated. The isothermal contraction behavior of YBa₂Cu₃O₇₋₈ in the temperature range 930 - 960°C with oxygen partial pressures varying from 0.001 to 1.0 atmospheres was studied. The change in the unit cell lattice parameters of YBa₂Cu₃O₇₋₈ over this oxygen partial pressure range was also determined in order to evaluate its effect on the sintering behavior. The sintering kinetics of YBa₂Cu₃O₇₋₈ were investigated through the variation of the isothermal steady state contraction rate with respect to oxygen partial pressure at different temperatures. Isothermal contraction rates between 930 and 955°C reached a maximum at some critical oxygen partial pressure, PO₂CRIT, with decreasing contraction rates both above and below this oxygen partial pressure. This behavior was not observed for YBa₂Cu₃O₇₋₈ sintered at 960°C. SEM micrographs of the fracture surface of these samples suggest that a liquid phase was formed at this temperature. The unit cell volume and a-lattice parameter of YBa₂Cu₃O₇₋₈ decreased with decreasing oxygen partial pressure, while the c-lattice parameter increased. The activation energy for sintering at oxygen partial pressures above PO₂CRIT has been estimated to be approximately 191 kJ/mole, which is similar to oxygen ion diffusion in this compound, indicating that for oxygen partial pressures above PO₂CRIT, oxygen diffusion is the rate controlling mechanism for mass transport. The activation energy for sintering below PO₂CRIT was found to be ∽130 kJ/mole, which could also be due to oxygen ion diffusion. Several possible factors have been considered for the sintering behavior of YBa₂Cu₃O₇₋₈ for oxygen partial pressures below PO₂CRIT. These are formation of copper vacancies, positive hole creation, and lattice strain effect. However, although the oxygen partial pressure dependence on the sintering rate can be correlated with either the formation of Cu²⁺ vacancies in the lattice or hole formation, neither of these mechanisms are considered to be probable. Mathematically, the contraction rate was found to depend exponentially on the lattice strain (Δɛlat), ie. έ∞еΔɛlat. The significance of this relationship is not clearly understood. Intuitively, it appears that as the vacancies are created due to the removal of oxygen ions from the lattice, the lattice is not contracting to the extent needed to accommodate the vacancies. This elastic strain hinders the migration of the oxygen vacancies through the lattice, thus affecting the sintering rate of the YBa₂Cu₃Ox compound below PO₂CRIT.
Quantum Wave Behavior in the Presence of Finite Potential Wells
Creators: name: Swofford, John
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: potential well
finite square well
resonant transmission
transmission coefficient
g-factor
redshift
temperature dependence
cosmic microwave background (CMB)
Blackbody raditation
energy eigenstates
Schrodinger equation
thermodynamics
spin magnetic moment
wave number

description: This paper explores a possible connection between quantum wave behavior and red-shift phenomena.  We begin with a detailed derivation of the transmission coefficient and use that foundation to analyze resonant photon transmission through a potential well.  In so doing, we solve for a g-factor—a dimensionless constant associated with magnetic properties—that varies along with the energy of the system in question.  Temperature dependent shifts in the g-factor relate the thermodynamic properties of blackbody radiation to a red-shift that would explain how or why the universe might be expanding.  We conclude, however, that the universe might not be expanding: instead, the universe would be filled up with potential energy wells that, along with the kinetic energy of the particle(s) they enfold, offer theoretical insight into energy transfer at both the quantum and cosmological level.  It shows that there could be a relationship between the two, and, because of that, we  might find alternative explanations for dark energy (or, for that matter, every kind of energy), that would permeate throughout the universe.
Photoproduction of pi0-mesons off protons from the Delta(1232) region to E(gamma) = 3 GeV
Creators: name: van Pee, H.
name: Bartholomy, O.
name: Crede, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Photoproduction of pi0 mesons was studied with the Crystal-Barrel detector at ELSA for incident energies from 300 MeV to 3 GeV. Differential cross sections d sigma /d Omega, d sigma/d t, and the total cross section are presented. For E(gamma) < 3 GeV, the angular distributions agree well with the SAID parametrization. At photon energies above 1.5 GeV, a strong forward peaking indicates t-channel exchange to be the dominant process. The rapid variations of the cross section with energy and angle indicate production of resonances. An interpretation of the data within the Bonn-Gatchina partial wave analysis is briefly discussed.
description: 17 pages, 17 figures
The Excluded Area of Superellipse Sector Particles
Creators: name: Kornick, Kellianne
name: Brzinski, Ted
name: Franklin, Scott V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Superellipse sector particles (SeSPs) are segments of superelliptical curves that form a tunable set of hard-particle shapes for granular and colloidal systems. SeSPs allow for continuous parameterization of corner sharpness, aspect ratio, and particle curvature; rods, circles, rectangles, and staples are examples of shapes SeSPs can model. We investigate the space of allowable (non-overlapping) configurations of two SeSPs, which depends on both the center-of-mass separation and relative orientation. Radial correlation plots of the allowed configurations reveal circular regions centered at each of the particle's two endpoints that indicate configurations of mutually-entangled particle interactions. Simultaneous entanglement with both endpoints is geometrically impossible; the overlap of these two regions therefore represents an excluded area in which no particles can be placed regardless of orientation. The regions' distinct boundaries indicates a translational frustration with implications for the dynamics of particle rearrangements (e.g. under shear). Representing translational and rotational degrees of freedom as a hypervolume, we find a topological change that suggests geometric frustration arises a phase transition in this space. The excluded area is a straightforward integration over excluded states; for arbitrary relative orientation this decreases sigmoidally with increasing opening aperture, with sharper SeSP corners resulting in a sharper decrease. Together, this work offers a path towards a unified theory for particle shape-control of bulk material properties.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures, to be submitted to Physical Review Letters
Superorbital variability of X-ray and radio emission of Cyg X-1. I. Emission anisotropy of precessing sources
Creators: name: Ibragimov, A.
name: Zdziarski, A. A.
name: Poutanen, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study theoretical interpretations of the 150-d (superorbital) modulation observed in X-ray and radio emission of Cyg X-1 in the framework of models connecting this phenomenon to precession. Precession changes the orientation of the emission source (either disc or jet) relative to the observer. This leads to emission modulation due to an anisotropic emission pattern of the source or orientation-dependent amount of absorbing medium along the line of sight or both. We consider, in particular, anisotropy patterns of blackbody-type emission, thermal Comptonization in slab geometry, jet/outflow beaming, and absorption in a coronal-type medium above the disc. We then fit these models to the data from the RXTE/ASM, CGRO/BATSE, and the Ryle and Green Bank radio telescopes, and find relatively small best-fit angles between the precession and orbital planes, ~10-20 degrees. The thermal Comptonization model for the X-ray emission explains well the observed decrease of the variability amplitude from 1 to 300 keV as a result of a reduced anisotropy of the emission due to multiple scatterings. Our modeling also yield the jet bulk velocity of ~(0.3-0.5)c, which is in agreement with the previous constraint from the lack of an observed counterjet and lack of short-term X-ray/radio correlations.
description: 10 pages, 9 figures and 2 tables, accepted to MNRAS
Immersive Operation of a Semi-Autonomous Aerial Platform for Detecting and Mapping Radiation
Creators: name: Dayani, P.
name: Orr, N.
name: Thomopoulos, A.
name: Saran, V.
name: Krishnaswamy, S.
name: Zhang, E.
name: Hu, N.
name: McPherson, D.
name: Menke, J.
name: Yang, A.
name: Vetter, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recent advancements in radiation detection and computer vision have enabled small unmanned aerial systems (sUASs) to produce 3D nuclear radiation maps in real-time. Currently these state-of-the-art systems still require two operators: one to pilot the sUAS and another operator to monitor the detected radiation. In this work we present a system that integrates real-time 3D radiation visualization with semi-autonomous sUAS control. Our Virtual Reality interface enables a single operator to define trajectories using waypoints to abstract complex flight control and utilize the semi-autonomous maneuvering capabilities of the sUAS. The interface also displays a fused radiation visualization and environment map, thereby enabling simultaneous remote operation and radiation monitoring by a single operator. This serves as the basis for development of a single system that deploys and autonomously controls fleets of sUASs.
description: 3 pages, 2 figures. The first three authors contributed equally. Accepted to the 2020 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium & Medical Imaging Conference
title: Network analysis of polymicrobial chronic wound infections in Masanga, Sierra Leone
Creators: name: Sandmann, Sarah
name: Nunes, Jonathan Vas
name: Grobusch, Martin
name: Sesay, Maxwell
name: Kriegel, Martin
name: Varghese, Julian
name: Schaumburg, Frieder
Publisher: name: University of Muenster, Institutional Repository MIAMI
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: 610 Medicine and health

description: Background: Chronic wounds are frequently colonized or infected with multiple bacterial or fungal species, which can both promote or inhibit each other. Network analyses are helpful to understand the interplay of these species in polymicrobial infections. Our aim was to analyse the network of bacterial and fungal species in chronic wounds. Methods: Swabs (n = 163) from chronic wound infections (Masanga, Sierra Leone, 2019–2020) were screened for bacterial and fungal species using non-selective agars. Some of these wounds were suspected but not confirmed Buruli ulcer. Species identification was done with MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. Network analysis was performed to investigate co-occurrence of different species within one patient. All species with n ≥ 10 isolates were taken into account. Results: Of the 163 patients, 156 had a positive wound culture (median of three different species per patient; range 1–7). 'Pseudomonas aeruginosa' (n = 75) was the dominating species with frequent co-detections of 'Klebsiella pneumoniae' (21 cases; OR = 1.36, 95%CI: 0.63–2.96, p = 0.47), 'Staphylococcus aureus' (14 cases; OR = 1.06, 95%CI: 0.44–2.55, p = 1) and 'Proteus mirabilis' (13 cases; OR = 0.84, 95%CI: 0.35–1.99, p = 0.69). Conclusion: The culturome of chronic wounds in Sierra Leonean patients is highly diverse and characterized by the co-occurrence of 'P. aeruginosa, K. pneumoniae' and 'S. aureus'.
description: Finanziert über die DEAL-Vereinbarung mit Wiley, Springer oder Elsevier 2019–2023.
Magnetic and axial-vector transitions of the baryon antidecuplet
Creators: name: Kim, H. -Ch.
name: Yang, Gh. -S.
name: Goeke, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the recent results of the magnetic transitions and axial-vector transitions of the baryon antidecuplet within the framework of the chiral quark-soliton model. The dynamical model parameters are fixed by experimental data for the magnetic moments of the baryon octet, for the hyperon semileptonic decay constants, and for the singlet axial-vector constant. The transition magnetic moments $μ_{ΛΣ}$ and $μ_{NΔ}$ are well reproduced and other octet-decuplet and octet-antidecuplet transitions are predicted. In particular, the present calculation of $μ_{ΣΣ^*}$ is found to be below the upper bound $0.82μ_N$ that the SELEX collaboration measured very recently. The results explains consistently the recent findings of a new $N^*$ resonance from the GRAAL and Tohoku LNS group. We also obtain the transition axial-vector constants for the $Θ^+\to KN$ from which the decay width of the $Θ^{+}$ pentaquark baryon is determined as a function of the pion-nucleon sigma term $Σ_{πN}$. We investigate the dependence of the decay width of the $Θ^{+}$ on the $g_{A}^{(0)}$, with the $g_{A}^{(0)}$ varied within the range of the experimental uncertainty. We show that a small decay width of the $Θ^{+}\to KN$, i.e. $Γ_{ΘKN} \leq 1$ MeV, is compatible with the values of all known semileptonic decays with the generally accepted value of $g_{A}^{(0)} \approx 0.3$ for the proton.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures, Talk given at the Yukawa International Seminar (YKIS) 2006, "New frontiers in QCD", Kyoto, Japan, 20 Nov. - 8 Dec. 2006
Arecophila K. D. Hyde
Creators: name: Zhou, Xin
name: Habib, Kamran
name: Zeng, Wenyu
name: Ren, Yulin
name: Shen, Xiangchun
name: Kang, Jichuan
name: Li, Qirui
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Fungi
Ascomycota
Dothideomycetes
Xylariales
Cainiaceae
Arecophila

description: Arecophila K. D. Hyde, Nova Hedwigia 63 (1–2): 82 (1996)
Notes.
The genus Arecophila was introduced by Hyde (1996). The genus is characterized by immersed ascomata with blackened clypeus, ostiole at the centre, unitunicate, long-cylindrical asci with a J +, apical ring, and 1 - septate ascospores with striations, and covered with a thick mucilaginous sheath (Hyde 1996; Li et al. 2022; Han et. 2024). In this study, we introduce a new species of Arecophila from Guizhou Province, China.
description: Published as part of Zhou, Xin, Habib, Kamran, Zeng, Wenyu, Ren, Yulin, Shen, Xiangchun, Kang, Jichuan & Li, Qirui, 2024, Addition of three new species of Xylariomycetidae fungi on bamboo from Southern China, pp. 109-129 in MycoKeys 109 on pages 109-129, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.109.128020
Defect Saturation in a Rapidly Quenched Bose Gas
Creators: name: Goo, Junhong
name: Lim, Younghoon
name: Shin, Yong-il
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the saturation of defect density in an atomic Bose gas rapidly cooled into a superfluid phase. The number of quantum vortices, which are spontaneously created in the quenched gas, exhibits a Poissonian distribution not only for a slow quench in the Kibble-Zurek (KZ) scaling regime but also for a fast quench in which case the mean vortex number is saturated. This shows that the saturation is not caused by destructive vortex collisions, but by the early-time coarsening in an emerging condensate, which is further supported by the observation that the condensate growth lags the quenching in the saturation regime. Our results demonstrate that the defect saturation is an effect beyond the KZ mechanism, opening a path for studying critical phase transition dynamics using the defect number distribution.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures
Variability of newly identified B-type stars observed by Kepler
Creators: name: Szewczuk, Wojciech
name: Walczak, Przemysław
name: Daszyńska-Daszkiewicz, Jadwiga
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent re-determination of stellar atmospheric parameters for a sample of stars observed during the {\it Kepler} mission allowed to enlarge the number of {\it Kepler} B-type stars. We present the detailed frequency analysis for all these objects. All stars exhibit pulsational variability with maximum amplitudes at frequencies corresponding to high-order g modes. Peaks that could be identified with low-order p/g modes are also extracted for a few stars. We identified some patters in the oscillation spectra that can be associated with the period spacings that can result from the asymptotic nature of the detected pulsational modes. We also tentatively confront the observed oscillation characteristics with predictions from linear nonadiabatic computations of stellar pulsations. For high-order g modes the traditional approximation was employed to include the effects of rotation on the frequency values and mode instability.
description: Accepted for publication in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society Main Journal