cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Association of hepatitis C virus genotype 2 spread with historic slave trade and commerce routes in Western Africa
Creators: name: Postigo-Hidalgo, Ignacio
name: Magassouba, N’Faly
name: Soropogui, Barré
name: Fichet-Calvet, Elisabeth
name: Drexler, Jan Felix
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: HCV
subject: hepatitis C virus genotype 2
subject: subtype
subject: phylogeography
subject: evolution
subject: slave trade
subject: Africa
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: The hepatitis C virus genotype 2 (HCV2) is endemic in Western and Central Africa. The HCV2 evolutionary origins remain uncertain due to the paucity of available genomes from African settings. In this study, we investigated the molecular epidemiology of HCV infections in rural Guinea, Western Africa, during 2004 and 2014. Broadly reactive nested reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)-based screening of sera from 1,571 asymptomatic adults resulted in the detection of 25 (1.5 per cent; 95 per cent confidence interval 0.9-2.3) positive samples, with a median viral load of 2.54E + 05 IU/ml (interquartile range 6.72E + 05). HCV-infected persons had a median age of 47 years, and 62.5 per cent were male and 37.5 per cent were female. The full polyprotein-encoding genes were retrieved by a combination of high throughput and Sanger sequencing from 17 samples showing sufficiently high viral loads. Phylogenetic analysis and sequence distances >= 13 per cent averaged over the polyprotein genes compared to other HCV2 subtypes revealed nine previously unknown HCV2 subtypes. The time to the most recent common ancestor of the Guinean HCV2 strains inferred in a Bayesian framework was 493 years (95 per cent Highest posterior density (HPD) 453-532). Most of the Guinean strains clustered poorly by location on both the level of sampling sites within Guinea and the level of countries in the phylogenetic reconstructions. Ancestral state reconstruction provided decisive support (Bayes factor > 100) for an origin of HCV2 in Western Africa. Phylogeographic reconstructions in a Bayesian framework pointed to a radial diffusion of HCV2 from Western African regions encompassing today's countries like Ghana, Guinea Bissau, or Burkina Faso, to Central and Northern African regions that took place from the 16th century onwards. The spread of HCV2 coincided in time and space with the main historic slave trade and commerce routes, supported by Bayesian tip-association significance testing (P = 0.01). Our study confirms the evolutionary origins of HCV2 in Western Africa and provides a potential link between historic human movements and HCV2 dispersion.
A mobile sensor network to map CO₂ emissions in urban environments
Creators: name: Lee, Joseph K.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2016

description: There are a variety methods that can characterize carbon dioxide (CO₂) mixing ratios in the atmosphere at coarse scales, however mapping CO₂ emissions and sequestration at fine scales remains a challenge. In this research, a new method for mapping microscale CO₂ emissions in cities was developed. First, a compact, mobile CO₂ sensor system was built using open source hardware and an infrared gas analyzer. Second, a measurement campaign was carried out in which 5 mobile sensors were deployed within a 12.7 km² study area in the City of Vancouver, BC, Canada for 3.5 hours to map CO₂ mixing ratios to a grid resolution of 100 m × 100 m. The CO₂ mixing ratios ranged from 382 ppm to 518 ppm and averaged 417.1 ppm and were highest in the downtown and arterial roads and lowest in well vegetated and residential areas. Third, an aerodynamic resistance approach to calculating emissions was used to derive CO₂ emissions from the mobile CO₂ mixing ratio measurements in conjunction with data collected from a 24 m tall meteorological tower in the study area. The measured emissions showed a range of -12 to 225 kg CO₂ ha‑¹ hr‑¹ and averaged 36.39 kg CO₂ ha‑¹ hr‑¹. Fourth, an emissions inventory was developed for the study area using emissions estimates derived from buildings energy use and traffic counts. The emissions inventory averaged 25.88 kg CO₂ ha‑¹ hr‑¹ and was used to compare against the measured emissions. The results showed strong linearity between median CO₂ mixing ratios and the total emissions inventory (R² >0.9) binned at equal intervals. The results also indicated that the measured emissions and the total emissions inventory were positively correlated by 78.43% with 99.43% of the measured emissions within ± 1 order of magnitude of the emissions inventory. Ultimately, this research demonstrates the possibility of using a network of mobile sensors and an aerodynamic resistance approach to map emissions at high spatial resolution across a city. While further research is necessary, microscale emissions maps may be used to better inform urban policy and design as well as engage citizens about emissions reductions strategies.
Additional file 2 of A multimodal mentorship intervention to improve surgical quality in Tanzania’s Lake Zone: a convergent, mixed methods assessment
Creators: name: Alidina, Shehnaz
name: Tibyehabwa, Leopold
name: Alreja, Sakshie Sanjay
name: Barash, David
name: Bien-Aime, Danta
name: Cainer, Monica
name: Charles, Kevin
name: Ernest, Edwin
name: Eyembe, Joachim
name: Fitzgerald, Laura
name: Giiti, Geofrey C.
name: Hellar, Augustino
name: Hussein, Yahaya
name: Kahindo, Furaha
name: Kenemo, Benard
name: Kihunrwa, Albert
name: Kisakye, Steve
name: Kissima, Innocent
name: Meara, John G.
name: Reynolds, Cheri
name: Staffa, Steven J.
name: Sydlowski, Meaghan
name: Varallo, John
name: Zanial, Noor
name: Kapologwe, Ntuli A.
name: Mayengo, Caroline Damian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2: Interview protocols for mentees, mentors and facility leaders and focus group discussion questions.
Surface optomechanics: Calculating optically excited acoustical whispering gallery modes in microspheres
Creators: name: Zehnpfennig, John
name: Bahl, Gaurav
name: Tomes, Matthew
name: Carmon, Tal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Stimulated Brillouin scattering recently allowed experimental excitation of surface acoustic resonances in micro-devices, enabling vibration at rates in the range of 50 MHz to 12 GHz. The experimental availability of such mechanical whispering gallery modes in photonic-MEMS raises questions on their structure and spectral distribution. Here we calculate the form and frequency of such vibrational surface whispering gallery modes, revealing diverse types of surface vibrations including longitudinal, transverse, and Rayleigh-type deformations. We parametrically investigate these various modes by changing their orders in the azimuthal, radial, and polar directions to reveal different vibrational structures including mechanical resonances that are localized near the interface with the environment where they can sense changes in the surroundings.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures, 1 table; journal paper - Optics Express, Accepted for pub. as of 20 Jun 2011
Bioverfügbarkeit, Bioakkumulation und Toxizität der Platingruppenelemente Pt, Pd und Rh in aquatischen Organismen
Creators: name: Sures, Bernd
name: Zimmermann, Sonja
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2000

description: Bioverfügbarkeit, Bioakkumulation und Toxizität der
Platingruppenelemente Pt, Pd und Rh in aquatischen Organismen

Förderkennzeichen (BWBÖ 99008)

Bernd Sures, Sonja Zimmermann: Zoologisches Institut I,
Ökologie-Parasitologie, Geb. 30.43, Universität Karlsruhe, 76128
Karlsruhe

Zusammenfassung

Seit Beginn der 80iger Jahre werden in Deutschland durch den
Einsatz von Autoabgas-katalysatoren in zunehmendem Umfang die
katalytisch wirksamen Platingruppenelemente (PGE) Platin,
Palladium und Rhodium emittiert. Jedoch ist bisher unklar, ob
diese Metalle für die aquatische Biosphäre verfügbar sind,
folglich aufgenommen und akkumuliert werden können. Ziel des
hier vorgestellten Forschungsvorhabens ist es, mit verschiedenen
aquatischen Organismen zunächst die Frage der Bioverfügbarkeit
der Kfz-bürtigen PGE zu klären. Im Rahmen dieses Projektes
konnte nun erstmalig nachgewiesen werden, dass das bisher
aufgrund der schwierigen Spurenanalytik kaum untersuchte Pd
bioverfügbar ist. Nach nur vierwöchiger Exposition von Aalen in
Hälterungswasser mit Straßensediment (10 kg/100 l) fand sich in
der Leber exponierter Aale eine mittlere Pd-Konzentration von
0,18 ± 0,05 ng/g (FS). Sobald die z.Z. noch laufenden
Expositionsversuche abgeschlossen sind, lässt sich auch für Pt
und Rh die Frage der Bioverfügbarkeit quantifizieren und das
Ausmaß der PGE Akkumulation einschätzen.

Summary

Following the introduction of automobile catalysts in the middle
of the 80th there is an increasing emission of the
platinum-group-elements (PGE) platinum, palladium and rhodium.
Still, it remains unclear if these metals are bioavailable
for aquatic organisms and to which extent they become
accumulated by the biosphere. To answer these questions
experimental studies were conducted with aquatic animals
maintained in water containing road dust (10 kg/100 l). Results
from a four weeks exposure study revealed for the first time an
uptake of automobile catalyst emitted Pd by European eels which
showed a mean liver Pd concentration of 0.18 ± 0.05 ng/g (wet
weight). By the end of the present exposure studies also the
bioavailability of Pt and Rh as well as the degree of the PGE
accumulation will become clear.
Selenium Status in Paediatric Patients with Neurodevelopmental Diseases
Creators: name: Görlich, Christian L.
name: Sun, Qian
name: Roggenkamp, Viola
name: Hackler, Julian
name: Mehl, Sebastian
name: Minich, Waldemar B.
name: Kaindl, Angela M.
name: Schomburg, Lutz
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: trace element
subject: inflammation
subject: biomarker
subject: micronutrient
subject: neurodevelopment
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Neurodevelopmental diseases are often associated with other comorbidities, especially inflammatory processes. The disease may affect the trace element (TE) status, which in turn may affect disease severity and progression. Selenium (Se) is an essential TE required for the biosynthesis of selenoproteins including the transporter selenoprotein P (SELENOP) and extracellular glutathione peroxidase (GPX3). SELENOP deficiency in transgenic mice resulted in a Se status-dependent phenotype characterized by impaired growth and disturbed neuronal development, with epileptic seizures on a Se-deficient diet. Therefore, we hypothesized that Se and SELENOP deficiencies may be prevalent in paediatric patients with a neurodevelopmental disease. In an exploratory cross-sectional study, serum samples from children with neurodevelopmental diseases (n = 147) were analysed for total serum Se, copper (Cu), and zinc (Zn) concentrations as well as for the TE biomarkers SELENOP, ceruloplasmin (CP), and GPX3 activity. Children with epilepsy displayed elevated Cu and Zn concentrations but no dysregulation of serum Se status. Significantly reduced SELENOP concentrations were found in association with intellectual disability (mean +/- SD (standard deviation); 3.9 +/- 0.9 mg/L vs. 4.4 +/- 1.2 mg/L, p = 0.015). A particularly low GPX3 activity (mean +/- SD; 172.4 +/- 36.5 vs. 192.6 +/- 46.8 U/L, p = 0.012) was observed in phacomatoses. Autoantibodies to SELENOP, known to impair Se transport, were not detected in any of the children. In conclusion, there was no general association between Se deficiency and epilepsy in this observational analysis, which does not exclude its relevance to individual cases. Sufficiently high SELENOP concentrations seem to be of relevance to the support of normal mental development. Decreased GPX3 activity in phacomatoses may be relevant to the characteristic skin lesions and merits further analysis. Longitudinal studies are needed to determine whether the observed differences are relevant to disease progression and whether correcting a diagnosed TE deficiency may confer health benefits to affected children.
Dilatation of basivertebral veins mimicking osteoblastic lesions on contrast enhanced CT.
Creators: name: BAGETAKOS, ILIAS
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Musculoskeletal spine
subject: Thorax
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Artefact
subject: Haemodynamics / Flow dynamics

description: Clinical History Image Findings Discussion Find Diagnosis Differential Diagnosis
description: male, 56 years
description: Clinical History: A 56-year-old man with a history of left pneumonectomy for suspicion of a tumour of the left upper and lower pulmonary lobe, with post-operative histology disproving neoplasia and being positive for fibrotic tissue with chronic inflammation signs, present... Final Diagnosis: Dilatation of basivertebral veins due to brachiocephalic vein stenosis postpneumonectomy.
The development of practical nursing in British Columbia : a social historical perspective, 1940-1980
Creators: name: Caputo, Shari Andrea
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2016

description: This thesis examines the development of the practical nurse (PN) role within the British Columbia (BC) health care system focusing on the years between 1940 and 1980. This project is significant due to the scant amount of Canadian research on this topic. The hidden role of PNs prior to 1940 is discussed, followed by an examination of socio-political contexts that encouraged their development in Canada. Subsequently, PN education and their emerging role in health care in BC is explored. Of relevance to BC, the significant delay in legislation is addressed, as well as organized responses by groups, such as several BC government ministries, the national and BC Registered Nurses Associations, the hospital union and the PNs themselves. Nursing relations, such as registered nurses endorsement of and collaboration with PNs, as well as themes of power and tension amongst practical and registered nurses are explored. Examination of the career of Florence Wilson, a former BC PN and legislation advocate, are interwoven in this discussion, constituting a minor biographical component within the thesis. A historical research methodology is utilized and key sources of primary data include the Canadian Nurse journal, and many archival documents and reports from professional RN associations, government ministries and related health care organizations. These were obtained mainly from the BC Archives. Secondary sources include multiple research articles and books. To conclude, the thesis points out that within the context of twentieth century health care and hospital expansion, practical nursing proved an essential component of the nursing workforce. Subsequently, practical nursing became formalized as a legitimate professional group with its own distinct organizational and legislative basis. Additionally it is noted that the politics of PN development is inseparably linked to contemporary nursing issues such as scope of practice, role ambiguity and nurse substitution.
Higgs Boson Mass Bounds in Seesaw Extended Standard Model with Non-Minimal Gravitational Coupling
Creators: name: He, Bin
name: Okada, Nobuchika
name: Shafi, Qaisar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the presence of non-minimal gravitational coupling $ ξH^\dagger H {\cal R}$ between the standard model (SM) Higgs doublet $H$ and the curvature scalar ${\cal R}$, the effective ultraviolet cutoff scale is given by $Λ_{\rm cut}\approx m_P/ξ$, where $m_P$ is the reduced Planck mass, and $ξ\gtrsim 1$ is a dimensionless coupling constant. In type I and type III seesaw extended SM, which can naturally explain the observed solar and atmospheric neutrino oscillations, we investigate the implications of this non-minimal gravitational coupling for the SM Higgs boson mass bounds based on vacuum stability and perturbativity arguments. A lower bound on the Higgs boson mass close to 120 GeV is realized with type III seesaw and $ξ\sim 10-10^3$.
description: 16 pages, 8 figures; added references
Quantifying non-exhaust emissions and the impact of hybrid and electric vehicles using combined measurement and modelling approaches
Creators: name: Hicks, William A.
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2022

description: Road traffic is a significant emission source of urban particulate matter (PM). Due to the implementation of exhaust regulatory standards in the UK, PM emissions which arise from the wear of brakes, tyres and the road surface, together with the resuspension of road dust are now predicted to exceed tailpipe emissions. While a growing body of academic literature has developed in recent years, non-exhaust emissions (NEE) remain unregulated and largely understudied, and the impact of powertrain electrification on the vehicle fleet has not been quantified. Thus, the aim of this thesis is to improve our understanding of these important emission sources and to determine the impact of NEE on urban air pollution - both now, and in the future. A series of highly time-resolved atmospheric measurement campaigns has been undertaken at roadside and background locations to determine roadside traffic increments. These measurements provide a comprehensive dataset of traffic emissions in London, Birmingham and Manchester, incorporating locations with different vehicle mix and speed, during summer and winter periods. PM mass and elemental tracers have been used to estimate the contribution of NEE concentrations using a scaling factor approach. A novel CO2 dilution approach has been undertaken to determine average fleet emission factors (EFs), whilst the impact of electric vehicle regenerative braking has also been simulated. The results indicate that NEE concentrations and EFs are highly dependent upon meteorological conditions, traffic speed, traffic volume and vehicle class. Brake wear is the dominant source of road traffic PM emissions in congested environments, whilst for each emission source, heavy duty vehicles (HDVs) contribute an order of magnitude greater than light duty vehicles (LDVs). On the other hand, despite the predicted increase in mass, the regenerative braking simulations suggest that passenger vehicles under electric powertrains will reduce brake wear emissions by 65 – 95%. This reduction depends on the assessed drive cycle and vehicle class, highlighting the importance of driving style on future brake wear emissions. The EFs developed in this thesis have been combined with traffic forecasts to project total national emissions in the UK up to 2035 – and can be used to validate the national atmospheric emission inventory. To conclude, a number of recommendations have been made with respect to air quality measurement strategies and emission policies which are needed to further our understanding of NEE, and to reduce these traffic-related emissions. It is proposed that a multi-disciplinary study should be undertaken encompassing laboratory dynamometer testing, on-vehicle measurements and environmental atmospheric measurements.
Development and application of a platform for harmonisation and integration of metabolomics data
Creators: name: Haggart, Gordon Andrew
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2022

description: Integrating diverse metabolomics data for molecular epidemiology analyses provides both opportuni- ties and challenges in the field of human health research. Combining patient cohorts may improve power and sensitivity of analyses but is challenging due to significant technical and analytical vari- ability. Additionally, current systems for the storage and analysis of metabolomics data suffer from scalability, query-ability, and integration issues that limit their adoption for molecular epidemiological research. Here, a novel platform for integrative metabolomics is developed, which addresses issues of storage, harmonisation, querying, scaling, and analysis of large-scale metabolomics data. Its use is demonstrated through an investigation of molecular trends of ageing in an integrated four-cohort dataset where the advantages and disadvantages of combining balanced and unbalanced cohorts are explored, and robust metabolite trends are successfully identified and shown to be concordant with previous studies.
Strong three-body decays of Lambdac(2940)+
Creators: name: Dong, Yubing
name: Faessler, Amand
name: Gutsche, Thomas
name: Kumano, S.
name: Lyubovitskij, Valery E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Lambdac(2940)+ baryon with quantum numbers J(P) = 1/2(+) is considered as a hadronic molecule composed of a nucleon and D* meson. We give predictions for the width of the strong three-body decay processes Lambdac(2940)+ to Lambdac(2286)+ pi(+) pi(-) and Lambdac(2940)+ to Lambdac(2286)+ pi(0) pi(0) in this interpretation. Upcoming experimental facilities like a Super B factory at KEK or LHCb might be able to provide data on these decay modes.
description: 9 pages, 1 figure
Lipohaemarthrosis in knee fracture: the FBI sign
Creators: name: Revelli, Matteo
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Musculoskeletal system
subject: CT
subject: Image manipulation / Reconstruction
subject: Plain radiographic studies
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Education
subject: Trauma

description: Clinical History Image Findings Discussion Find Diagnosis Differential Diagnosis
description: female, 74 years
description: Clinical History: A 74-year-old woman was found alone at home by her son after an accidental fall from the stairs. She complained left shoulder, hip and knee pain. She was admitted to our ER and she underwent a clinical examination: the orthopaedic surgeon requested radiog... Final Diagnosis: Lipohaemarthrosis of the knee
Magnetomotive Instability and Generation of Mechanical Vibrations in Suspended Semiconducting Carbon Nanotubes
Creators: name: Nordenfelt, Anders
name: Tarakanov, Yury
name: Gorelik, Leonid Y.
name: Shekhter, Robert I.
name: Jonson, Mats
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have theoretically investigated the electromechanical properties of a freely suspended carbon nanotube that is connected to a constant-current source and subjected to an external magnetic field. We show that self-excitation of mechanical vibrations of the nanotube can occur if the magnetic field $H$ exceeds a dissipation-dependent critical value $H_{c}$, which we find to be of the order of 10-100 mT for realistic parameters. The instability develops into a stationary regime characterized by time periodic oscillations in the fundamental bending mode amplitude. We find that for nanotubes with large quality factors and a magnetic-field strength just above $H_{c}$ the frequency of the stationary vibrations is very close to the eigenfrequency of the fundamental mode. We also demonstrate that the magnetic field dependence of the time averaged voltage drop across the nanotube has a singularity at $H=H_{c}$. We discuss the possibility of using this phenomenon for the detection of nanotube vibrations.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Is GRB 050904 at z=6.3 absorbed by dust?
Creators: name: Stratta, G.
name: Gallerani, S.
name: Maiolino, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Claim of dust extinction for this GRB has been debated in the past. We suggest that the discrepant results occur primarily because most of previous studies have not simultaneously investigated the X-ray to near-IR spectral energy distribution of this GRB. The difficulty with this burst is that the X-ray afterglow is dominated by strong flares at early times and is poorly monitored at late times. In addition, the Z band photometry, which is the most sensitive to dust extinction, has been found to be affected by strong systematics. In this paper we carefully re-analyze the Swift/XRT afterglow observations of this GRB, using extensive past studies of X-ray flare properties when computing the X-ray afterglow flux level and exploiting the recent reanalysis of the optical (UV rest frame) data of the same GRB. We extract the X-ray to optical/near-IR afterglow SED for the three epochs where the best spectral coverage is available: 0.47, 1.25, and 3.4 days after the trigger. A spectral power-law model has been fitted to the extracted SEDs. We discuss that no spectral breaks or chromatic temporal breaks are expected in the epochs of interest. To fit any UV rest-frame dust absorption, we tested the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) extinction curve, the mean extinction curve (MEC) found for a sample of QSO at $z>4$ and its corresponding attenuation curve, as well as a starburst attenuation curve, and the extinction curve consistent with a supernova dust origin (SN-type). The SMC extinction curve and the SN-type one provide good fit to the data at all epochs, with an average amount of dust absorption at $λ_{rest} = 3000 Å$ of $A_{3000} = 0.25\pm 0.07$ mag. These results indicate that the primeval galaxy at $z = 6.3$ hosting this GRB has already enriched its ISM with dust.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics; figure 1 has been degraded, full resolution version at http://dl.dropbox.com/u/1670579/fig01.ps
A Pieri formula for Macdonald's spherical functions and polynomials
Creators: name: van Diejen, J. F.
name: Emsiz, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05E05, 33D52, 17B22, 20F55

description: We present explicit Pieri formulas for Macdonald's spherical functions (or generalized Hall-Littlewood polynomials associated with root systems) and their $q$-deformation the Macdonald polynomials. For the root systems of type $A$, our Pieri formulas recover the well-known Pieri formulas for the Hall-Littlewood and Macdonald symmetric functions due to Morris and Macdonald as special cases.
description: 11 pages. To appear in Math. Z
Additional file 3 of A multimodal mentorship intervention to improve surgical quality in Tanzania’s Lake Zone: a convergent, mixed methods assessment
Creators: name: Alidina, Shehnaz
name: Tibyehabwa, Leopold
name: Alreja, Sakshie Sanjay
name: Barash, David
name: Bien-Aime, Danta
name: Cainer, Monica
name: Charles, Kevin
name: Ernest, Edwin
name: Eyembe, Joachim
name: Fitzgerald, Laura
name: Giiti, Geofrey C.
name: Hellar, Augustino
name: Hussein, Yahaya
name: Kahindo, Furaha
name: Kenemo, Benard
name: Kihunrwa, Albert
name: Kisakye, Steve
name: Kissima, Innocent
name: Meara, John G.
name: Reynolds, Cheri
name: Staffa, Steven J.
name: Sydlowski, Meaghan
name: Varallo, John
name: Zanial, Noor
name: Kapologwe, Ntuli A.
name: Mayengo, Caroline Damian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 3: Overall experience, overall satisfaction and support for continuation of the mentorship program.
Configurable data center switch architectures
Creators: name: Gebara, Nadeen
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2022

description: In this thesis, we explore alternative architectures for implementing con_gurable Data Center Switches along with the advantages that can be provided by such switches. Our first contribution centers around determining switch architectures that can be implemented on Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) to provide configurable switching protocols. In the process, we identify a gap in the availability of frameworks to realistically evaluate the performance of switch architectures in data centers and contribute a simulation framework that relies on realistic data center traffic patterns. Our framework is then used to evaluate the performance of currently existing as well as newly proposed FPGA-amenable switch designs. Through collaborative work with Meng and Papaphilippou, we establish that only small-medium range switches can be implemented on today's FPGAs. Our second contribution is a novel switch architecture that integrates a custom in-network hardware accelerator with a generic switch to accelerate Deep Neural Network training applications in data centers. Our proposed accelerator architecture is prototyped on an FPGA, and a scalability study is conducted to demonstrate the trade-offs of an FPGA implementation when compared to an ASIC implementation. In addition to the hardware prototype, we contribute a light weight load-balancing and congestion control protocol that leverages the unique communication patterns of ML data-parallel jobs to enable fair sharing of network resources across different jobs. Our large-scale simulations demonstrate the ability of our novel switch architecture and light weight congestion control protocol to both accelerate the training time of machine learning jobs by up to 1.34x and benefit other latency-sensitive applications by reducing their 99%-tile completion time by up to 4.5x. As for our final contribution, we identify the main requirements of in-network applications and propose a Network-on-Chip (NoC)-based architecture for supporting a heterogeneous set of applications. Observing the lack of tools to support such research, we provide a tool that can be used to evaluate NoC-based switch architectures.
Nonsurgical pneumoperitoneum
Creators: name: Nowak, Bartosz
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: Lung
subject: CT
subject: Conventional radiography
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Acute

description: Clinical History Image Findings Discussion Find Diagnosis Differential Diagnosis
description: male, 52 years
description: Clinical History: A 52-year-old man, active smoker with chronic obstructive lung disease, was admitted with pneumonia and influenza. Treated in intensive care unit with mechanical ventilation for nine days. Final Diagnosis: Pneumoperitoneum secondary to mechanical ventilation
Four pedagogic exercises
Creators: name: Basu, D. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Popular Physics (physics.pop-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This article describes four innovative pedagogical exercises: (i) The expression for relation between cross sections in the laboratory and the centre of mass systems provided in text books assumes zero or low Q values which needs to be corrected for the most general case when Q value of the reaction is not negligible compared to the masses of interacting nuclei. The general expression derived here can be used for elastic and inelastic cases involving zero, low or even very high Q values. (ii) The equation of oscillatory motion of a massive surface put horizontally on two wheels rotating with equal and opposite angular velocities is established. The time period of oscillation is related to the coefficient of dynamic friction between the surface and the wheels which facilitates the measurement of the coefficient of dynamic friction. (iii) The equation of motion of a fixed torque mass shedding vehicle moving against friction and its velocity at any instant of time are derived. This example is equivalent to motion of a mass shedding rocket moving by applying fixed force against atmospheric friction. (iv) The equation of the path of a missile directed at every instant of time towards a rectilinearly moving target and time taken to hit the target are derived. It provides equation of path for asteroid and comet destructing missiles as conceptualized by NASA projects.
description: 4 pages; http://www.journal.lapen.org.mx/mar12/6_LAJPE_605_Basu_preprint_corr_f.pdf
SBA-15@methenamine-HPA: a novel, simple, and efficient catalyst for one-pot three-component synthesis of 2-amino-4H-chromene derivatives in aqueous medium
Creators: name: Mommahed Heravi, Majid
name: Sadjadi, Samaheh
name: Zadsirjan, Vahideh
name: Ebrahimizadeh, Maryam
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 30302 Nanochemistry and Supramolecular Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 30502 Natural Products Chemistry
subject: 30205 Non-metal Chemistry
subject: Nuclear Chemistry
subject: 30303 Optical Properties of Materials
subject: 30503 Organic Chemical Synthesis
subject: Organic Chemistry
subject: 30504 Organic Green Chemistry
subject: 30599 Organic Chemistry not elsewhere classified

description: Cl-functionalized SBA-15 was reacted with methenamine and subsequently applied for embedding heteropolyacids. The novel catalyst, SBA-15@methenamine-HPA, was characterized by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) measurements, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and successfully used for synthesis of a wide range of 2-amino-4H-chromene derivatives containing various substituents on the 4H-chromene ring through one-pot three-component reaction of aromatic aldehydes, malononitrile, and α-naphthol or β-naphthol in aqueous medium. The catalytic activity of this catalyst was superior to some previously reported conventional catalysts. Moreover, the catalyst was reusable and could be recovered and reused for at least five reaction runs with only slight loss of catalytic activity. The heterogeneous nature of the catalyst, facile workup, excellent yield, and clean, green, and ecofriendly procedure are other advantageous of this protocol.
Neural principles underlying motor learning and adaptation
Creators: name: Feulner, Barbara
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2022

description: Animals, and especially humans, can learn to flexibly adjust their movements to changing environments. The neural principles underlying this remarkable capability are still not fully understood. Among the most prominent brain regions controlling movement is primary motor cortex (M1). Adapted motor behaviour can be related to a change in neural activity within this region. Yet, the rules guiding this activity change, and thus behavioural adaptation, remain unclear. The overall aim of this thesis is to investigate the learning process(es) governing the described change in activity in M1 and, with that, the change in behaviour. Computational modelling is used to study three specific aspects of learning: 1. What constrains learning to favour some neural activity patterns over others? 2. Can we identify where in a hierarchical pathway learning is happening? 3. How can sensory feedback guide the learning process? We start by investigating what kind of biological constraints differentially affect learning of new neural activity that either preserves coactivation patterns between neurons (within-manifold learning), or requires learning of new coactivation patterns (outside-manifold learning). We propose a new explanation - the learnability of feedback signals - for why within-manifold activity patterns can be easier learned than outside-manifold activity patterns. In the second part we develop a hierarchical model of the motor system to investigate whether we can derive where learning has happened from only measuring neural activity. Lastly, we investigate how the brain could implement a biologically plausible learning rule which allows it to correctly assign errors and update recurrent connectivity in a goal-driven manner. Overall, our work offers new perspectives on the role of M1 for motor learning and adaptation, challenges current beliefs, and puts a focus on the role of feedback signals for local plasticity in M1.
Additional file 4 of MAPK8IP2 is a potential prognostic biomarker and promote tumor progression in prostate cancer
Creators: name: Zeng, Zhenhao
name: He, Wenrui
name: Jiang, Yi
name: Jiang, Hao
name: Cheng, Xiaofeng
name: Deng, Wen
name: Zhou, Xiaochen
name: Zhang, Cheng
name: Wang, Gongxian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 4 Figure S4. Differentially expressed genes associated with MAPK8IP2 or MAPK8IP3 in PCa. (A) The correlation between MAPK8IP2 and differentially expressed genes. (B-C) Heat map showing genes positively or negatively correlated with MAPK8IP2 (the top 50 genes). (D) The correlation between MAPK8IP3 and differentially expressed genes. (E-F) Heat map showing genes positively or negatively correlated with MAPK8IP3 (the top 50 genes). (G) The Venn results displayed that only PDIA2 was positively associated with both MAPK8IP2 and MAPK8IP3.
Idiopathic systemic lipomatosis
Creators: name: Bhatt, Naveen
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: Musculoskeletal soft tissue
subject: Thorax
subject: CT
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Metabolic disorders

description: Clinical History Image Findings Discussion Find Diagnosis Differential Diagnosis
description: male, 62 years
description: Clinical History: A Caucasian man presented with dysarthria, hypertension and suspected stroke - no other significant medical history. CT Head showed haemorrhagic foci. A week later due to no improvement CT body was requested to exclude paraneoplastic syndrome. Virology/se... Final Diagnosis: Idiopathic systemic lipomatosis
Additional file 1 of The hAT-family transposable element, hopper, from Bactrocera dorsalis is a functional vector for insect germline transformation
Creators: name: Handler, Alfred M.
name: Schetelig, Marc F.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1.
Vesicovaginal fistula in recurrent cervical carcinoma: CT findings
Creators: name: Aquaro, Giuseppe
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Genital / Reproductive system female
subject: CT
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Fistula
subject: Neoplasia

description: Clinical History Image Findings Discussion Find Diagnosis Differential Diagnosis
description: female, 56 years
description: Clinical History: A 56-year-old woman was admitted to our Hospital for pelvic pain and watery vaginal discharge (she had urine leakage through the vagina). A clinical FIGO stage IB1 was diagnosed 5 years earlier and treated with radical hysterectomy.A CT examin... Final Diagnosis: Vesicovaginal fistula in recurrent cervical carcinoma
Development of methodology for genome editing in Xenopus laevis using CRISPR/Cas9, targeting the rhodopsin gene
Creators: name: Feehan, Joanna Marie
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2016

description: Xenopus laevis is a commonly used research subject for retinal physiology and cell biology studies, but its utility is limited by the lack of a robust technology for generation of knock-out (KO) or knock-down (KD) phenotypes. However, new genome manipulation techniques involving CRISPR/Cas9 offer an opportunity for generating gene KOs in X. laevis. RNA-guided Cas9 endonuclease introduces double-stranded DNA breaks into the genome, which are either repaired by error-prone non-homologous-end joining (NHEJ), facilitating indel generation, or by less error-prone homology-directed repair (HDR), facilitating insertion of specific sequences. Rhodopsin was targeted for editing as the expected phenotypes, missing/malformed rod photoreceptor outer segments and lower rhodopsin content, are easily assayed. RNA and transgene methods for CRISPR/Cas9-mediated rhodopsin KOs and knock-ins (KI) in rod photoreceptors of X. laevis were tested, and an RNA injection protocol was developed and optimized. KOs were generated by in vitro transcription and microinjection of Cas9 mRNA, eGFP mRNA, and sgRNAs into in vitro fertilized eggs. Cas9 transgene cassettes were built and tested but editing attempts were unsuccessful. Indel mutations were identified by direct sequencing of PCR products and further characterized by sequencing individual clones. The extent of rhodopsin KO was quantified in 14 post-fertilization day-old tadpoles by anti-rod opsin dot blot assay of retinal extracts, and retinal phenotypes were assessed by cryosectioning and immunolabeling contralateral eyes for confocal microscopy. HDR-mediated KIs were generated by co-injection of a DNA repair fragment, with sufficient homology to the genomic region surrounding predicted dsDNA break-site. Heterologous expression of KIs was confirmed by immunohistochemistry. Delivery of Cas9 by RNA injection can produce high frequency homozygous and heterozygous KOs in X. laevis, permitting analysis in the first generation. I was able to obtain extensive KD generating very severe retinal degeneration phenotypes, and germline transmission of Cas9-mediated indels was confirmed. However, KO was never complete. Sequencing results indicate that first generation animals are chimeric containing many independently derived indels. HDR-mediated KI techniques proved possible, but low in efficiency. These techniques significantly advance the utility of X. laevis as an experimental subject for cell biology and physiology studies.
Traumatic atlantoocipital dislocation in children
Creators: name: SÃ¡Nchez JimÃ©Nez, Regina
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Emergency
subject: CT
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: CT-High Resolution
subject: MR
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Trauma

description: Clinical History Image Findings Discussion Find Diagnosis Differential Diagnosis
description: male, 13 years
description: Clinical History: 13-year-old male patient who suffered a fall from 2 metres while playing in a freight elevator. Final Diagnosis: Traumatic atlantooccipital dislocation.
The deep XMM-Newton Survey of M 31
Creators: name: Stiele, H.
name: Pietsch, W.
name: Haberl, F.
name: Hatzidimitriou, D.
name: Barnard, R.
name: Williams, B. F.
name: Kong, A. K. H.
name: Kolb, U.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aims. M 31 has been completely imaged for the first time obtaining a luminosity lower limit ~10^35 erg s-1 in the 0.2-4.5 keV band. Our XMM-Newton EPIC survey combines archival observations with observations taken between June 2006 and February 2008. The main goal of the paper is a study of the X-ray source population of M 31. Methods. An X-ray catalogue of 1897 sources was created; 914 were detected for the first time. Source classification and identification were based on X-ray hardness ratios, spatial extent of the sources, and by cross correlating with catalogues in the X-ray, optical, infrared and radio wavelengths. We also analysed the long-term variability of the X-ray sources. Results. Fourteen of the 30 supersoft source candidates represent supersoft emission of optical novae. Many of the 25 supernova remnants (SNRs) and 31 SNR candidates lie within the 10 kpc dust ring and other star forming regions in M 31; this connection between SNRs and star forming regions implies that most of the remnants originate in type II supernovae. The brightest sources in X-rays in M 31 belong to the class of X-ray binaries (XRBs). Ten low mass XRBs (LMXBs) and 26 LMXB candidates were identified based on their temporal variability. In addition 36 LMXBs and 17 LMXB candidates were identified due to correlations with globular clusters and globular cluster candidates. From optical and X-ray colour-colour diagrams, possible high mass XRB (HMXB) candidates were selected. Two of these candidates have an X-ray spectrum as is expected for an HMXB containing a neutron star primary. Conclusions. While our survey has greatly improved our understanding of the X-ray source populations in M 31, at this point 65% of the sources can still only be classified as "hard" sources. Deeper observations in X-ray and at other wavelengths would help classify these sources. ABRIDGED
description: 51 pages, 36 figures, submitted to A&A
A case of micrognathia associated with bilateral cleft lip and palate: Fetal US and MRI findings
Creators: name: BERNARDO, SILVIA
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Foetal imaging
subject: MR
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Imaging sequences
subject: Screening
subject: Congenital

description: Clinical History Image Findings Discussion Find Diagnosis Differential Diagnosis
description: female, 40 years
description: Clinical History: Fetal MRI performed at 32 weeksâ gestation in a 40-year-old woman. Final Diagnosis: Bilateral cleft lip and palate associated with micrognathia
Static solutions from the point of view of comparison geometry
Creators: name: Reiris, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We analyze (the harmonic map representation of) static solutions of the Einstein Equations in dimension three from the point of view of comparison geometry. We find simple monotonic quantities capturing sharply the influence of the Lapse function on the focussing of geodesics. This allows, in particular, a sharp estimation of the Laplacian of the distance function to a given (hyper)-surface. We apply the technique to asymptotically flat solutions with regular and connected horizons and, after a detailed analysis of the distance function to the horizon, we recover the Penrose inequality and the uniqueness of the Schwarzschild solution. The proof of this last result does not require proving conformal flatness at any intermediate step.
description: 41 pages
Investigation on static stress interaction among the 1930 Irpinia Earthquake and other large events in Southern Apennines (Italy)
Creators: name: Perniola, Bruna
name: Fracassi, Umberto
name: Palombo, Barbara
name: Pino, Nicola Alessandro
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: On July 23rd 1930, a strong earthquake (Ms=6.6) occurred in the Irpinia region, the most seismically active area of the Southern Apennines (Italy). Destructive effects were reported in a wide area of about 6300 km2, causing more than 1400 victims. The same region had already been struck by several large earthquakes in 1456 (Me=6.9), 1694 (Me=6.0), 1702 (Me=6.0), 1732 (Me=6.6), and 1910 (Me=5.9). Other major events have hit Irpinia since the 1930 earthquake, including that of 1962 (Mw = 6.2) and the catastrophic one of 23 Nov 1980 (Mw = 6.9). Formerly published studies concerning the 1930 Irpinia event include analysis of macroseismic data, first motion polarities and a single station waveforms. By using the available bulletins and the historical seismograms, in our previous study we estimated the source parameters in terms of focal mechanism, magnitude, hypocentral location and seismic moment. Fault length, rupture velocity and other characteristics are also obtained by performing body waveform inversion for moment rate retrieval. These results are here used to study the static stress transfer between the 1930 Irpinia earthquake and subsequent large events like the 1962, and 1980 ones in order to investigate the possible fault interaction and earthquake triggering. To improve our knowledge on the region of the 1930 event, we also study the Coulomb stress field related to another E-W trending seismogenic sources, responsible for the main sub-events of the multiple 1456 historical earthquake. Modelling of such effects is useful both to obtain more information on seismogenic sources and to gain an improved evaluation of seismic hazard in this region.