cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Comparative Validity of 3 Diabetes Mellitus Risk Prediction Scoring Models in a Multiethnic US Cohort: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis
Creators: name: Mann, Devin M.
name: Bertoni, Alain G.
name: Shimbo, Daichi
name: Carnethon, Mercedes R.
name: Chen, Haiying
name: Jenny, Nancy Swords
name: Muntner, Paul
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Diabetes--Epidemiology
subject: Cohort analysis
subject: Diabetes--Risk factors
subject: Epidemiology
subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Several models for estimating risk of incident diabetes in US adults are available. The authors aimed to determine the discriminative ability and calibration of published diabetes risk prediction models in a contemporary multiethnic cohort. Participants in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis without diabetes at baseline (2000–2002; n = 5,329) were followed for a median of 4.75 years. The predicted risk of diabetes was calculated using published models from the Framingham Offspring Study, the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study, and the San Antonio Heart Study. The mean age of participants was 61.6 years (standard deviation, 10.2); 29.3% were obese, 53.1% had hypertension, 34.9% had a family history of diabetes, 27.5% had high triglyceride levels, 33.8% had low high density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, and 15.3% had impaired fasting glucose. There were 446 incident cases of diabetes (fasting glucose level ≥126 mg/dL or initiation of antidiabetes medication use) diagnosed during follow-up. C statistics were 0.78, 0.84, and 0.83 for the Framingham, ARIC, and San Antonio risk prediction models, respectively. There were significant differences between observed and predicted diabetes risks (Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit chi-squared test for each model: P < 0.001). The recalibrated and best-fit models achieved sufficient goodness of fit (each P > 0.10). The Framingham, ARIC, and San Antonio models maintained high discriminative ability but required recalibration in a modern, multiethnic US cohort.
Ram pressure stripping of the hot gaseous haloes of galaxies using the k-epsilon sub-grid turbulence model
Creators: name: Close, J. L.
name: Pittard, J. M.
name: Hartquist, T. W.
name: Falle, S. A. E. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform three dimensional hydrodynamic simulations of the ram pressure stripping of the hot extended gaseous halo of a massive galaxy using the k-epsilon sub-grid turbulence model at Mach numbers 0.9, 1.1 and 1.9. The k-epsilon model is used to simulate high Reynolds number flows by increasing the transport coefficients in regions of high turbulence. We find that the initial, instantaneous stripping is the same whether or not the k-epsilon model is implemented and is in agreement with the results of other studies. However the use of the k-epsilon model leads to five times less gas remaining after stripping by a supersonic flow has proceeded for 10 Gyr, which is more consistent with what simple analytic calculations indicate. Hence the continual Kelvin-Helmholtz stripping plays a significant role in the ram pressure stripping of the haloes of massive galaxies. To properly account for this, simulations of galaxy clusters will require the use of sub-grid turbulence models
description: 10 pages, 8 figures, 3 tables; accepted for publication in MNRAS
One loop radiative correction to Kaluza-Klein masses in $S^2/Z_2$ universal extra dimensional model
Creators: name: Maru, Nobuhito
name: Nomura, Takaaki
name: Sato, Joe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate a radiative correction to the masses of Kaluza-Klein(KK) modes in a universal extra dimensional model which are defined on a six-dimensional spacetime with extra space as a two-sphere orbifold $S^2/Z_2$. We first define the Feynman rules which are necessary for the calculation. We then calculate the one-loop diagrams which contribute to the radiative corrections to the KK masses, and obtain one-loop corrections to masses for fermions, gauge bosons and scalar bosons. We estimate the one-loop corrections to KK masses for the first KK modes of standard model particles as a function of momentum cut-off scale, and we determine the lightest KK particle which would be a promising candidate of a dark matter.
description: 46 pages, 12 figures, 17 tables, To appear in PTEP
Pakistani-American Relations from 1955-1965: National Strategies and Personal Ambitions
Creators: name: Akram, Zubair
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: International relations
Heads of state
India-Pakistan Conflict (1965)
History

description: Research Paper that investigates the bilateral relationship between Pakistan and the United States from 1955-1965. Explores the role of national leadership on the exercise of foreign policy.
Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless-type transitions in d=2 quantum O(2) and O(2)xO(2) nonlinear sigma models
Creators: name: Hooley, C. A.
name: Carr, S. T.
name: Fellows, J. M.
name: Schmalian, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the d=2 quantum O(2)xO(2) nonlinear sigma model as a low-energy theory of phase reconstruction near a quantum critical point. We first examine the evolution of the Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless (BKT) transition as the quantum limit is approached in the usual O(2) nonlinear sigma model. Then we go on to review results on the ground-state phase diagram of the O(2)xO(2) nonlinear sigma model, and on the behaviour of the O(2)xO(M) nonlinear sigma model with M>2 in the classical limit. Finally, we present a conjectured finite-temperature phase diagram for the quantum version of the latter model in the O(2)xO(2) case. The nature of the finite-temperature BKT-like transitions in the phase diagram is discussed, and avenues for further calculation are identified.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures; submitted for publication in the proceedings of SCES 2013
British Columbia Legislative Assembly sessional clipping book (1923-11)
Creators: name: :Unav
Publisher: name: University of Victoria Libraries
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: British Columbia. Legislative Assembly
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/600765
subject: Politics and government
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1919741
subject: Law
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/993678
subject: FOS: Law

description: These Sessional Clippings books cover the period 1891 to 1972, and include newspaper accounts written by various legislative reporters who covered debates occurring in the British Columbia Legislative Assembly. Transcripts of debates of the Legislative Assembly (Hansard) were not published in B.C. until 1970; hence these "Sessional Clipping Books" augment the "Journals", the record of daily proceedings of the Legislative Assembly. Selected clippings from various newspapers including the Vancouver Sun, the Vancouver Province, the Colonist, and the Times newspapers, relating to the newspaper reports concerning activities of the Legislature. The original sessional clippings books comprise 351 ledger size print volumes, held at the Legislative Library in Victoria BC. The print volumes were microfilmed onto 26 reels in 1977 under a Tri University Libraries (TRIUL) project by Precision Micrographic Services (Vancouver, B.C.), with the permission of the Legislative Library, Victoria, British Columbia. This digital collection was created by scanning the 26 microfilm reels.
Neural signal propagation atlas of C. elegans
Creators: name: Randi, Francesco
name: Sharma, Anuj K.
name: Dvali, Sophie
name: Leifer, Andrew M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A fundamental problem in neuroscience is understanding how a network's properties dictate its function. Connectomics provides one avenue to predict nervous system function. To test this explicitly, we systematically measure signal propagation in 23,427 pairs of neurons across the head of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans by direct optogenetic activation and simultaneous whole-brain calcium imaging. We measure the sign (excitatory or inhibitory), strength, temporal properties, and causal direction of signal propagation between these neurons to create a functional atlas. We find that signal propagation differs from predictions based on anatomy. Using mutants, we show that extrasynaptic signaling not visible from anatomy contributes to this difference. We identify many instances of dense-core-vesicle dependent signaling on seconds-or-less timescales that evoke acute calcium transients often where no direct wired connection exists but where relevant neuropeptides and receptors are expressed. We propose that here extrasynaptically released neuropeptides serve a similar function as that of classical neurotransmitters. Finally, our measured signal propagation atlas better predicts neural dynamics of spontaneous activity than does anatomy. We conclude that both synaptic and extrasynaptic signaling drive neural dynamics on short timescales and that measurement of evoked signal propagation are critical for interpreting neural function.
description: Nature (2023)
$β$-delayed neutron spectroscopy of $^{85, 86}$As with MONSTER at IGISOL
Creators: name: Fiol, A. Pérez de Rada
name: Martínez, T.
name: Cano-Ott, D.
name: Penttilä, H.
name: Agramunt, J.
name: Alcayne, V.
name: Algora, A.
name: Alhomaidhi, S.
name: Äystö, J.
name: Banerjee, K.
name: Beliuskina, O.
name: Benito, J.
name: Bhattacharya, C.
name: Calviño, F.
name: Cortés, G.
name: de Groote, R. P.
name: de Roubin, A.
name: Delafosse, C.
name: Domingo-Pardo, C.
name: Geldhof, S.
name: Gins, W.
name: Hukkanen, M.
name: Jokinen, A.
name: Kankainen, A.
name: Lerendegui-Marco, J.
name: Gamonoso, J. Llanes
name: Matea, I.
name: Mendoza, E.
name: Mistry, A. K.
name: Nesterenko, D. A.
name: Plaza, J.
name: Pohjalainen, I.
name: Rinta-Antila, S.
name: Roy, P.
name: Sanchez-Caballero, A.
name: Taín, J. L.
name: Villamarín, D.
name: Vilen, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The $β$-delayed neutron emission in the $^{85, 86}$As $β$-decays has been measured at the Ion Guide Isotope Separator On Line facility of the Accelerator Laboratory of the University of Jyväskylä. The complete $β$-decays have been studied with a complex setup that consists of a plastic scintillator for $β$-particles, MONSTER -- the MOdular Neutron time-of-flight SpectromeTER -- for neutrons, and a high-purity germanium and four LaBr$_3$ crystals for $γ$-rays. The $β$-delayed neutron energy distributions have been determined by unfolding the time-of-flight spectra with an innovative methodology based on the iterative Bayesian unfolding method and accurate Monte Carlo simulations. The results obtained for $^{85}$As are in excellent agreement with the existing evaluated data, validating the proposed methodology. In the case of $^{86}$As, a stronger neutron intensity at higher energies than previously predicted is discovered.
description: 10 pages, 11 figures, revised version submitted to Physical Review C
title: Ernestine; 1796
title: Eine Novelle der neuesten Zeit ; Als Spiegel aufgestellt für Väter und Söhne, Mütter und Töchter, Jünglinge und Mädchen
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2014

description: Vorlageform des Erscheinungsvermerks: Cöthen, bei Johann August Aue, 1796. - In Fraktur
Interview with Hugh Patrick
Creators: name: Balderston, Anna
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: International economic relations
Economic policy
Economics

description: This is an interview with Professor Hugh Patrick conducted by Anna Balderston on March 31, 2016. Their discussion covered a range of issues concerning the Japanese economy: the present macroeconomic situation; the state of “Abenomics”; international interrelationships, particularly with China; the recent policy of negative interest rates; and long-term demographic challenges, particularly Japan’s aging population.
Steady and unsteady supercritical shallow water modelling using a transformed lattice Boltzmann scheme
Creators: name: Baldock, Tom
name: Callaghan, David P
name: Hedjripour, Amir
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 91501 Computational Fluid Dynamics
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies

description: A one-dimensional Lattice Boltzmann Model is developed to solve the shallow waterequations for both subcritical and supercritical flow regimes. This addresses a majorlimitation of current models, which are limited to subcritical flow. A generalised Galileantransformation is applied to the standard scheme, which is equivalent to moving the standardscheme in a reference frame with constant (but not fixed) velocity. The transformation yieldsan asymmetric LBM scheme which can successfully model a wide range of both subcriticaland supercritical flow regimes. A new set of equilibrium functions, boundary conditions andthe external force weights are derived for the generalised transformed scheme. A newstability region is also defined, allowing selection of a lattice speed that maintains numericalstability for a wide range of sub- and supercritical flows and combinations of those flowconditions. The model is validated against a range of benchmark cases in open-channelhydraulics, including gradually-varied and rapidly-varied flows and a dam break case on ahorizontal frictionless bed. The results demonstrate the applicability of the new model.
Four Types of Attitudes Towards Foreign Workers: Evidence from a Survey in Japan
Creators: name: Rosenbluth, Frances
name: Kage, Rieko
name: Tanaka, Seiki
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Foreign workers
Employee selection
Executives--Attitudes
Management

description: Employing a survey method to explore attitudes towards foreign workers in Japan, we uncover evidence that upends the conventional wisdom that “socio-tropic values” are anchored in perceptions of threat. Building a new typology that differentiates among native-born citizens who value or fear foreigners for their expected effects on the economic and cultural dimensions, we find that Japanese corporate managers, especially in labor-scarce sectors, appreciate the positive effects of foreign labor more than they dread the dilution of cultural beliefs and practices that underpinned the fabled Japanese labor force. This finding is significant because, even without becoming whole-hearted multi-culturalists, a positive disposition of Japanese corporate management towards foreign workers could signal a shift in policy. Although ethnocentrists remain in Japan (as elsewhere), the views of the business community are likely to have more bearing on government policy than those of other groups.
Pseudo-critical clusterization in nuclear multifragmentation
Creators: name: Gruyer, Diego
name: Frankland, J. D.
name: Botet, R.
name: Ploszajczak, M.
name: Bonnet, E.
name: Chbihi, A.
name: Marini, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this contribution we show that the biggest fragment charge distribution in central collisions of Xe+Sn leading to multifragmentation is an admixture of two asymptotic distributions observed for the lowest and highest bombarding energies. The evolution of the relative weights of the two components with bombarding energy is shown to be analogous to that observed as a function of time for the largest cluster produced in irreversible aggregation for a finite system. We infer that the size distribution of the largest fragment in nuclear multifragmentation is also characteristic of the time scale of the process, which is largely determined by the onset of radial expansion in this energy range.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, Contribution to conference proceedings of the 25th International Nuclear Physics Conference (INPC 2013)
Minimal generating sets of moves for surfaces immersed in the four-space
Creators: name: Jablonowski, Michal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: For immersed surfaces in the four-space, we have a generating set of the Swenton--Hughes--Kim--Miller spatial moves that relate singular banded diagrams of ambient isotopic immersions of those surfaces. We also have Yoshikawa--Kamada--Kawauchi--Kim--Lee planar moves that relate marked graph diagrams of ambient isotopic immersions of those surfaces. One can ask if the former moves form a minimal set and if the latter moves form a generating set. In this paper, we derive a minimal generating set of spatial moves for diagrams of surfaces immersed in the four-space, which translates into a generating set of planar moves. We also show that the complements of two equivalent immersed surfaces can be transformed one another by a Kirby calculus not requiring the 1-1-handle or 2-1-handle slides. We also discuss the fundamental group of the immersed surface-link complement in the four-space and a quandle coloring invariant of an oriented immersed surface-link.
description: 18 pages
Prethermalization in periodically-driven nonreciprocal many-body spin systems
Creators: name: McRoberts, Adam J.
name: Zhao, Hongzheng
name: Moessner, Roderich
name: Bukov, Marin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze a new class of time-periodic nonreciprocal dynamics in interacting chaotic classical spin systems, whose equations of motion are conservative (phase-space-volume-preserving) yet possess no symplectic structure. As a result, the dynamics of the system cannot be derived from any time-dependent Hamiltonian. In the high-frequency limit, we find that the magnetization dynamics features a long-lived metastable plateau, whose duration is controlled by the fourth power of the drive frequency. However, due to the lack of an effective Hamiltonian, the prethermal state the system evolves into cannot be understood within the framework of the canonical ensemble. We propose a Hamiltonian extension of the system using auxiliary degrees of freedom, in which the original spins constitute an open yet nondissipative subsystem. This allows us to perturbatively derive effective equations of motion that manifestly display symplecticity breaking at leading order in the inverse frequency. We thus extend the notion of prethermal dynamics, observed in the high-frequency limit of periodically-driven systems, to nonreciprocal systems.
description: 5 + 11 pages
What is Stopping the Renewable Energy Transformation and What Can the U.S. Government Do?
Creators: name: Cohen, Steven Alan
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: Sustainable development
Energy development
Energy policy--Economic aspects
Renewable energy sources--Government policy
Power resources

description: WE NEED CHEAP, RELIABLE, SAFE RENEWABLE ENERGY
Across the world we all inhabit, the economic system that we depend on is based on the one-time use of fossil fuels and other material resources. Our planet’s population has grown to over 7 billion people. We simply cannot continue using up materials and dumping the waste into a hole in the ground; we need to develop and deploy the technology to create a renewable resource-based economy. The future wellbeing of the United States, and of the planet as a whole, depends on the US government playing a more strategic and future-oriented role to bring about the transition to a renewable-resource-based economy.
We know that we must transition to renewable energy eventually, but with energy technology advancing every decade, why hasn’t the transformation to a renewable economy happened yet? What is preventing a more fundamental shift in our energy production and use? There are three barriers to this transformation: (1) technologies that still need advancing; (2) infrastructure that is not designed for distributed generation; and (3) complicated political challenges that limit our ability to make the tough choices necessary for long-term energy policies. The public sector is critical in the transition to a sustainable global economy. Smart sustainability policy and management can help the United States and other countries move past technological, market, and political barriers, and there are a range of federal policies that could lead us on the path toward a sustainable economy powered by clean energy.
Using Strategic Information Systems to Improve Contracted Services and Assess Privatization Options
Creators: name: Cohen, Steven Alan
name: Eimicke, William B.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2005
Subjects: Public contracts
Management information systems
Strategic planning
Performance--Measurement
Privatization
Public policy (Law)
Management

description: Government officials are looking to contracting out and privatization as means to create a public sector that works better and costs less. This new approach to public service delivery is evident in the welfare to work reforms of the 1990s, low- and moderate-income housing construction and management, homeless services, economic development and job training, and the charter school movement. Contracted services require a whole new set of skills for government workers, including contract design, negotiation, monitoring, and evaluation. Sophisticated information systems are crucial to performance management and evaluation systems that are essential to effective contract management. This chapter explores the theory and practice of performance measurement and information technology (IT) in the context of outsourcing public service delivery. It discusses the use of government strategic planning and information-based performance management to plan and manage private contractors performing public tasks. While information systems are critical to the management of in-house organizational units, we believe they are even more important in managing the work of contractors.
Soft computing techniques for software effort estimation
Creators: name: Sehra, Sumeet Kaur
name: Brar, Yadwinder Singh
name: Kaur, Navdeep
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The effort invested in a software project is probably one of the most important and most analyzed variables in recent years in the process of project management. The limitation of algorithmic effort prediction models is their inability to cope with uncertainties and imprecision surrounding software projects at the early development stage. More recently attention has turned to a variety of machine learning methods, and soft computing in particular to predict software development effort. Soft computing is a consortium of methodologies centering in fuzzy logic, artificial neural networks, and evolutionary computation. It is important, to mention here, that these methodologies are complementary and synergistic, rather than competitive. They provide in one form or another flexible information processing capability for handling real life ambiguous situations. These methodologies are currently used for reliable and accurate estimate of software development effort, which has always been a challenge for both the software industry and academia. The aim of this study is to analyze soft computing techniques in the existing models and to provide in depth review of software and project estimation techniques existing in industry and literature based on the different test datasets along with their strength and weaknesses
Isothrix pictus
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Echimyidae
Isothrix
Isothrix pictus

description: Isothrix pictus (Pictet, 1841). Notice Anim. Nouv. Mus. Geneve, p. 29. TYPE LOCALITY: Brazil, Bahia. DISTRIBUTION: E. Brazil. ISIS NUMBER: 5301410029008002001.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Rodentia (Part 6), pp. 560-594 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 588, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353039
Double $J/ψ$ production as a test of parton momentum correlations in double parton scattering
Creators: name: Koshkarev, Sergey
name: Groote, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the GS09 model we predict the possible impact of the parton momentum correlation on the $J/ψ$-pair production at the Spin Physics Detector at the Nuclotron-based Ion Collider Facility. The double $J/ψ$ production and the effective cross sections are calculated.
description: 12 pages, 2 figures, 3 tables, published version
Signature of quantum criticality in cuprates by charge density fluctuations
Creators: name: Arpaia, R.
name: Martinelli, L.
name: Sala, M. Moretti
name: Caprara, S.
name: Nag, A.
name: Brookes, N. B.
name: Camisa, P.
name: Li, Q.
name: Gao, Q.
name: Zhou, X.
name: Garcia-Fernandez, M.
name: Zhou, K. -J.
name: Schierle, E.
name: Bauch, T.
name: Peng, Y. Y.
name: Di Castro, C.
name: Grilli, M.
name: Lombardi, F.
name: Braicovich, L.
name: Ghiringhelli, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The universality of the strange metal phase in many quantum materials is often attributed to the presence of a quantum critical point (QCP), a zero-temperature phase transition ruled by quantum fluctuations. In cuprates, where superconductivity hinders direct QCP observation, indirect evidence comes from the identification of fluctuations compatible with the strange metal phase. Here we show that the recently discovered charge density fluctuations (CDF) possess the right properties to be associated to a quantum phase transition. Using resonant x-ray scattering, we studied the CDF in two families of cuprate superconductors across a wide doping range (up to $p$=0.22). At $p^*\approx$0.19, the putative QCP, the CDF intensity peaks, and the characteristic energy $Δ$ is minimum, marking a wedge-shaped region in the phase diagram indicative of a quantum critical behavior, albeit with anomalies. These findings strengthen the role of charge order in explaining strange metal phenomenology and provide insights into high-temperature superconductivity.
description: 36 pages, 4 figures, 9 supplementary figures
Raising the Bar: Increased Hydraulic Pressure Allows Unprecedented High Power Densities in Pressure-Retarded Osmosis
Creators: name: Straub, Anthony P.
name: Yip, Ngai Yin
name: Elimelech, Menachem
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Osmosis
subject: Electric power production--Technological innovations
subject: Renewable energy sources--Technological innovations
subject: Environmental engineering
subject: FOS: Environmental engineering
subject: Environmental sciences
subject: Chemical engineering
subject: FOS: Chemical engineering

description: Pressure-retarded osmosis (PRO) has the potential to generate sustainable energy from salinity gradients. PRO is typically considered for operation with river water and seawater, but a far greater energy of mixing can be harnessed from hypersaline solutions. This study investigates the power density that can be obtained in PRO from such concentrated solutions. Thin-film composite membranes with an embedded woven mesh were supported by tricot fabric feed spacers in a specially designed crossflow cell to maximize the operating pressure of the system, reaching a stable applied hydraulic pressure of 48 bar (700 psi) for more than 10 h. Operation at this increased hydraulic pressure allowed unprecedented power densities, up to 60 W/m2 with a 3 M (180 g/L) NaCl draw solution. Experimental power densities demonstrate reasonable agreement with power densities modeled using measured membrane properties, indicating high-pressure operation does not drastically alter membrane performance. Our findings exhibit the promise of the generation of power from high-pressure PRO with concentrated solutions.
Sequential fissions of heavy nuclear systems
Creators: name: Gruyer, Diego
name: Frankland, J. D.
name: Bonnet, E.
name: Boisjoli, M.
name: Chbihi, A.
name: Manduci, L.
name: Marini, P.
name: Mazurek, K.
name: Nadtochy, P. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In Xe+Sn central collisions from 12 to 20 MeV/A measured with the INDRA 4$π$ multidetector, the three-fragment exit channel occurs with a significant cross section. In this contribution, we show that these fragments arise from two successive binary splittings of a heavy composite system. Strong Coulomb proximity effects are observed in the three-fragment final state. By comparison with Coulomb trajectory calculations, we show that the time scale between the consecutive break-ups decreases with increasing bombarding energy, becoming compatible with quasi-simultaneous multifragmentation above 18 MeV/A.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures, contribution to conference proceedings of the Fifth International Workshop on Nuclear fission and Fission-Product Spectroscopy
Josephson directional amplifier for quantum measurement of superconducting circuits
Creators: name: Abdo, Baleegh
name: Sliwa, Katrina
name: Shankar, S.
name: Hatridge, Michael
name: Frunzio, Luigi
name: Schoelkopf, Robert
name: Devoret, Michel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have realized a microwave quantum-limited amplifier that is directional and can therefore function without the front circulator needed in many quantum measurements. The amplification takes place in only one direction between the input and output ports. Directionality is achieved by multi-pump parametric amplification combined with wave interference. We have verified the device noise performances by using it to readout a superconducting qubit and observed quantum jumps. With an improved version of this device, qubit and preamplifer could be integrated on the same chip.
Dissertatio Inauguralis Canonica De Juribus Parochi Primitivi Ex Jure Communi, & Statutario Trevirensi confecta; [1752]
Creators: name: Reiss, Philipp Franz
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2014

description: Vorlageform des Erscheinungsvermerks: Augustæ Trevirorum, Typis J. C. Reulandt, Aul. & Univ. Typ.
A methodology for optimisation of mine water management infrastructure
Creators: name: Hedjripour, Amir
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 90599 Civil Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Civil engineering

description: The required dewatering configuration for a mine water dam is discussed to meet the no-spillrequirement for a defined Average Recurrence Interval (ARI). There is an option for the storage facilityto pump its contained water to another storage facility before its capacity is exceeded. The system issubjected to a range of storm durations associated with a specific design ARI with concurrent dewateringto another storage facility. The model is set up in 1-minute time intervals and temporal patterns of stormevents are used to de-segregate total storm depth into partial durations. Maximum water volumereached in the storage facility for each of the storm events is recorded as the critical volume, whichindicates the required storage capacity for that storm duration. Runoff from the upstream catchment aswell as direct rainfall over the dam open area is calculated by taking into account the time ofconcentration for the catchment. A total 99 different storm durations from 5 minutes to 72 hours weremodelled together with five dewatering scenarios from 50 l/s to 500 l/s. The optimised dam/pumpconfiguration is selected by plotting critical points for all cases and storage-dewatering envelopes. Asimplified economic analysis is also presented using Present-Value (PV) analysis to assist with thefinancial assessment of each configuration and selection of the best operational configurations.
British Columbia Legislative Assembly sessional clipping book (1923-12)
Creators: name: :Unav
Publisher: name: University of Victoria Libraries
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Politics and government
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1919741
subject: British Columbia. Legislative Assembly
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/600765
subject: Law
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/993678
subject: FOS: Law

description: These Sessional Clippings books cover the period 1891 to 1972, and include newspaper accounts written by various legislative reporters who covered debates occurring in the British Columbia Legislative Assembly. Transcripts of debates of the Legislative Assembly (Hansard) were not published in B.C. until 1970; hence these "Sessional Clipping Books" augment the "Journals", the record of daily proceedings of the Legislative Assembly. Selected clippings from various newspapers including the Vancouver Sun, the Vancouver Province, the Colonist, and the Times newspapers, relating to the newspaper reports concerning activities of the Legislature. The original sessional clippings books comprise 351 ledger size print volumes, held at the Legislative Library in Victoria BC. The print volumes were microfilmed onto 26 reels in 1977 under a Tri University Libraries (TRIUL) project by Precision Micrographic Services (Vancouver, B.C.), with the permission of the Legislative Library, Victoria, British Columbia. This digital collection was created by scanning the 26 microfilm reels.
Counting orientations of random graphs with no directed k-cycles
Creators: name: Campos, Marcelo
name: Collares, Maurício
name: Mota, Guilherme Oliveira
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C80

description: For every $k \geq 3$, we determine the order of growth, up to polylogarithmic factors, of the number of orientations of the binomial random graph containing no directed cycle of length $k$. This solves a conjecture of Kohayakawa, Morris and the last two authors.
description: 17 pages, minor changes
$a-c$ test of holography vs quantum renormalization group
Creators: name: Nakayama, Yu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that a "constructive derivation" of the AdS/CFT correspondence based on the quantum local renormalization group in large N quantum field theories consistently provides the a-c holographic Weyl anomaly in d=4 at the curvature squared order in the bulk action. The consistency of the construction further predicts the form of the metric beta function.
description: 6 pages, v2: minor corrections, v3: to be published in MPLA with all the comments by referee 2 of JHEP taken into account
Thermodynamic, Energy Efficiency, and Power Density Analysis of Reverse Electrodialysis Power Generation with Natural Salinity Gradients
Creators: name: Yip, Ngai Yin
name: Vermaas, David A.
name: Nijmeijer, Kitty
name: Elimelech, Menachem
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Energy consumption
subject: Electrodialysis
subject: Stream salinity
subject: Electric power production
subject: Environmental engineering
subject: FOS: Environmental engineering
subject: Environmental sciences
subject: Chemical engineering
subject: FOS: Chemical engineering

description: Reverse electrodialysis (RED) can harness the Gibbs free energy of mixing when fresh river water flows into the sea for sustainable power generation. In this study, we carry out a thermodynamic and energy efficiency analysis of RED power generation, and assess the membrane power density. First, we present a reversible thermodynamic model for RED and verify that the theoretical maximum extractable work in a reversible RED process is identical to the Gibbs free energy of mixing. Work extraction in an irreversible process with maximized power density using a constant-resistance load is then examined to assess the energy conversion efficiency and power density. With equal volumes of seawater and river water, energy conversion efficiency of ∼33–44% can be obtained in RED, while the rest is lost through dissipation in the internal resistance of the ion-exchange membrane stack. We show that imperfections in the selectivity of typical ion exchange membranes (namely, co-ion transport, osmosis, and electro-osmosis) can detrimentally lower efficiency by up to 26%, with co-ion leakage being the dominant effect. Further inspection of the power density profile during RED revealed inherent ineffectiveness toward the end of the process. By judicious early discontinuation of the controlled mixing process, the overall power density performance can be considerably enhanced by up to 7-fold, without significant compromise to the energy efficiency. Additionally, membrane resistance was found to be an important factor in determining the power densities attainable. Lastly, the performance of an RED stack was examined for different membrane conductivities and intermembrane distances simulating high performance membranes and stack design. By thoughtful selection of the operating parameters, an efficiency of ∼37% and an overall gross power density of 3.5 W/m2 represent the maximum performance that can potentially be achieved in a seawater-river water RED system with low-resistance ion exchange membranes (0.5 Ω cm2) at very small spacing intervals (50 μm).
Prevention of core particle depletion in stellarators by turbulence
Creators: name: Thienpondt, H.
name: García-Regaña, J. M.
name: Calvo, I.
name: Alonso, J. A.
name: Velasco, J. L.
name: González-Jerez, A.
name: Barnes, M.
name: Brunner, K.
name: Ford, O.
name: Fuchert, G.
name: Knauer, J.
name: Pasch, E.
name: Vanó, L.
name: team, the Wendelstein 7-X
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In reactor-relevant plasmas, neoclassical transport drives an outward particle flux in the core of large stellarators and predicts strongly hollow density profiles. However, this theoretical prediction is contradicted by experiments. In particular, in Wendelstein 7-X, the first large optimized stellarator, flat or weakly peaked density profiles are generally measured, indicating that neoclassical theory is not sufficient and that an inward contribution to the particle flux is missing in the core. In this Research Letter, it is shown that the turbulent contribution to the particle flux can explain the difference between experimental measurements and neoclassical predictions. The results of this Research Letter also prove that theoretical and numerical tools are approaching the level of maturity needed for the prediction of equilibrium density profiles in stellarator plasmas, which is a fundamental requirement for the design of operation scenarios of present devices and future reactors.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures, updated the title and incorporated the appendix into the main letter
Isothrix villosus
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Echimyidae
Isothrix
Isothrix villosus

description: Isothrix villosus (Deville, 1852). Rev. Mag. Zool. Paris, ser. 2, 4:360. TYPE LOCALITY: Peru, Sarayacu. DISTRIBUTION: E. Peru. ISIS NUMBER: 5301410029008003001.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Rodentia (Part 6), pp. 560-594 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 588, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353039
Effect of data preprocessing on software effort estimation
Creators: name: Sehra, Sumeet Kaur
name: Kaur, Jasneet
name: Sehra, Sukhjit Singh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Software effort estimation requires high accuracy, but accurate estimations are difficult to achieve. Increasingly, data mining is used to improve an organization's software process quality, e. g. the accuracy of effort estimations . There are a large number of different method combination exists for software effort estimation, selecting the most suitable combination becomes the subject of research in this paper. In this study, three simple preprocessors are taken (none, norm, log) and effort is measured using COCOMO model. Then results obtained from different preprocessors are compared and norm preprocessor proves to be more accurate as compared to other preprocessors.
Comparison of Energy Efficiency and Power Density in Pressure Retarded Osmosis and Reverse Electrodialysis
Creators: name: Yip, Ngai Yin
name: Elimelech, Menachem
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Electrodialysis
subject: Osmosis
subject: Energy consumption
subject: Environmental engineering
subject: FOS: Environmental engineering
subject: Environmental sciences
subject: Chemical engineering
subject: FOS: Chemical engineering

description: Pressure retarded osmosis (PRO) and reverse electrodialysis (RED) are emerging membrane-based technologies that can convert chemical energy in salinity gradients to useful work. The two processes have intrinsically different working principles: controlled mixing in PRO is achieved by water permeation across salt-rejecting membranes, whereas RED is driven by ion flux across charged membranes. This study compares the energy efficiency and power density performance of PRO and RED with simulated technologically available membranes for natural, anthropogenic, and engineered salinity gradients (seawater–river water, desalination brine–wastewater, and synthetic hypersaline solutions, respectively). The analysis shows that PRO can achieve both greater efficiencies (54–56%) and higher power densities (2.4–38 W/m2) than RED (18–38% and 0.77–1.2 W/m2). The superior efficiency is attributed to the ability of PRO membranes to more effectively utilize the salinity difference to drive water permeation and better suppress the detrimental leakage of salts. On the other hand, the low conductivity of currently available ion exchange membranes impedes RED ion flux and, thus, constrains the power density. Both technologies exhibit a trade-off between efficiency and power density: employing more permeable but less selective membranes can enhance the power density, but undesired entropy production due to uncontrolled mixing increases and some efficiency is sacrificed. When the concentration difference is increased (i.e., natural → anthropogenic → engineered salinity gradients), PRO osmotic pressure difference rises proportionally but not so for RED Nernst potential, which has logarithmic dependence on the solution concentration. Because of this inherently different characteristic, RED is unable to take advantage of larger salinity gradients, whereas PRO power density is considerably enhanced. Additionally, high solution concentrations suppress the Donnan exclusion effect of the charged RED membranes, severely reducing the permselectivity and diminishing the energy conversion efficiency. This study indicates that PRO is more suitable to extract energy from a range of salinity gradients, while significant advancements in ion exchange membranes are likely necessary for RED to be competitive with PRO.
Local and global minimality results for a nonlocal isoperimetric problem on R^N
Creators: name: Bonacini, Marco
name: Cristoferi, Riccardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider a nonlocal isoperimetric problem defined in the whole space $\R^N$, whose nonlocal part is given by a Riesz potential with exponent $α\in(0, N-1)$. We show that critical configurations with positive second variation are local minimizers and satisfy a quantitative inequality with respect to the $L^1$-norm. This criterion provides the existence of a (explicitly determined) critical threshold determining the interval of volumes for which the ball is a local minimizer, and allows to address several global minimality issues.
Hybrid Pressure Retarded Osmosis–Membrane Distillation System for Power Generation from Low-Grade Heat: Thermodynamic Analysis and Energy Efficiency
Creators: name: Lin, Shihong
name: Yip, Ngai Yin
name: Cath, Tzahi Y.
name: Osuji, Chinedum O.
name: Elimelech, Menachem
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Electric power production
subject: Membrane distillation
subject: Energy consumption
subject: Osmosis
subject: Environmental engineering
subject: FOS: Environmental engineering
subject: Environmental sciences
subject: Chemical engineering
subject: FOS: Chemical engineering

description: We present a novel hybrid membrane system that operates as a heat engine capable of utilizing low-grade thermal energy, which is not readily recoverable with existing technologies. The closed-loop system combines membrane distillation (MD), which generates concentrated and pure water streams by thermal separation, and pressure retarded osmosis (PRO), which converts the energy of mixing to electricity by a hydro-turbine. The PRO-MD system was modeled by coupling the mass and energy flows between the thermal separation (MD) and power generation (PRO) stages for heat source temperatures ranging from 40 to 80 °C and working concentrations of 1.0, 2.0, and 4.0 mol/kg NaCl. The factors controlling the energy efficiency of the heat engine were evaluated for both limited and unlimited mass and heat transfer kinetics in the thermal separation stage. In both cases, the relative flow rate between the MD permeate (distillate) and feed streams is identified as an important operation parameter. There is an optimal relative flow rate that maximizes the overall energy efficiency of the PRO-MD system for given working temperatures and concentration. In the case of unlimited mass and heat transfer kinetics, the energy efficiency of the system can be analytically determined based on thermodynamics. Our assessment indicates that the hybrid PRO-MD system can theoretically achieve an energy efficiency of 9.8% (81.6% of the Carnot efficiency) with hot and cold working temperatures of 60 and 20 °C, respectively, and a working solution of 1.0 M NaCl. When mass and heat transfer kinetics are limited, conditions that more closely represent actual operations, the practical energy efficiency will be lower than the theoretically achievable efficiency. In such practical operations, utilizing a higher working concentration will yield greater energy efficiency. Overall, our study demonstrates the theoretical viability of the PRO-MD system and identifies the key factors for performance optimization.