cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Testing loop quantum gravity from observational consequences of non-singular rotating black holes
Creators: name: Brahma, Suddhasattwa
name: Chen, Che-Yu
name: Yeom, Dong-han
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The lack of rotating black hole models, which are typically found in nature, in loop quantum gravity (LQG) substantially hinders the progress of testing LQG from observations. Starting with a non-rotating LQG black hole as a seed metric, we construct a rotating spacetime using the revised Newman-Janis algorithm. The rotating solution is non-singular everywhere and it reduces to the Kerr black hole asymptotically. In different regions of the parameter space, the solution describes i) a wormhole without event horizon (which, we show, is almost ruled out by observations), ii) a black hole with a spacelike transition surface inside the event horizon, or iii) a black hole with a timelike transition region inside the inner horizon. It is shown how fundamental parameters of LQG can be constrained by the observational implications of the shadow cast by this object. The causal structure of our solution depends crucially only on the spacelike transition surface of the non-rotating seed metric, while being agnostic about specific details of the latter, and therefore captures universal features of an effective rotating, non-singular black hole in LQG.
description: 21 pages, 7 figures. Accepted for publication in PRL
Salamandra scutata Temminck & Schlegel 1838
Creators: name: Miracle, Eulàlia Gassó
name: Van, Lars W.
name: Ostende, Den Hoek
name: Arntzen, Jan Willem
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Amphibia
Caudata
Salamandridae
Salamandra
Salamandra scutata

description: Salamandra scutata Temminck & Schlegel, 1838
Temminck & Schlegel, 1838. Fauna Japonica, 3: 119.
 Current name: Hemidactylium scutatum (Temminck & Schlegel, 1838)
Holotype: RMNH 2301, 1 spec. Loc.: “Nashville au Tennessee” [U.S.A.]. Leg.: G. Troost.
description: Published as part of Miracle, Eulàlia Gassó, Van, Lars W., Ostende, Den Hoek & Arntzen, Jan Willem, 2007, Type specimens of amphibians in the National Museum of Natural History, Leiden, The Netherlands, pp. 25-68 in Zootaxa 1482 on page 57, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.176896
Capital Structure and Regulation: Does Ownership Matter?
Creators: name: Bortolotti, Bernardo
name: Cambini, Carlo
name: Rondi, Laura
name: Spiegel, Yossi
name: Bortolotti, Bernardo
name: Cambini, Carlo
name: Rondi, Laura
name: Spiegel, Yossi
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Public Economics
subject: regulated utilities
subject: regulatory agencies
subject: capital structure
subject: leverage
subject: investment
subject: private and state ownership

description: We construct a comprehensive panel data of 96 publicly traded European utilities over the period 1994-2005 in order to study the relationship between the capital structure of regulated firms, regulated prices, and investments, and examine if and how this interaction is affected by ownership structure. We show that firms in our sample increase their leverage after becoming regulated by an independent regulatory agency, but only if they are privately controlled. Moreover, we find that the leverage of these firms has a positive and significant effect on regulated prices, but not vice versa, and it also has a positive and significant effect on their investment levels. Our results are consistent with the theory that privately-controlled firms use leverage strategically to shield themselves against regulatory opportunism.
Are Banach spaces monadic?
Creators: name: Rosický, Jiří
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We will show that Banach spaces are monadic over complete metric spaces via the unit ball functor. For the forgetful functor, one should take complete pointed metric spaces.
description: 8 pages, the proof of Theorem 4.1 was corrected
Frame Decompositions of Bounded Linear Operators in Hilbert Spaces with Applications in Tomography
Creators: name: Hubmer, Simon
name: Ramlau, Ronny
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider the decomposition of bounded linear operators on Hilbert spaces in terms of functions forming frames. Similar to the singular-value decomposition, the resulting frame decompositions encode information on the structure and ill-posedness of the problem and can be used as the basis for the design and implementation of efficient numerical solution methods. In contrast to the singular-value decomposition, the presented frame decompositions can be derived explicitly for a wide class of operators, in particular for those satisfying a certain stability condition. In order to show the usefulness of this approach, we consider different examples from the field of tomography.
description: 32 pages
An Economic Model for Bioprospecting Contracts
Creators: name: Ding, Helen
name: Nunes, Paulo A.L.D.
name: Onofri, Laura
name: Ding, Helen
name: Nunes, Paulo A.L.D.
name: Onofri, Laura
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: Bioprospecting Contract
subject: Genetic Resource
subject: Biodiversity Buyer
subject: Biodiversity Seller
subject: Patenting
subject: Welfare Analysis
subject: Benefit Sharing

description: This paper explores the use of a micro-economic model to analyse the provisions and parties of bioprospecting contracts. It focuses on the pharmaceutical industry as the representative biodiversity buyer, presenting an original theoretical framework that explains the main contract characteristics or stylised facts. Against this background, it considers the main contractors involved in these private contracts, i.e. biodiversity sellers and biodiversity buyers, analysing both the magnitude and distribution of the respective payoffs. Particular attention is devoted to the different, mixed impacts of bioprospecting contracts and patenting on social welfare. The positive welfare impacts delivered by bioprospecting contracts are associated with the potential discovery of a new drug product, i.e. productivity gains, non-monetary benefit-sharing or transfers and royalty revenues. The negative welfare impact results from the legal creation of a monopoly and the related well-known effect on the consumer surplus. Finally, the potential redistribution effects are limited, and a potential enforcement of this objective may jeopardise the desirability of the contracts since this action would lead to a significant increase in the transaction costs.
Shariat-islom diniy huquq qonun-qoidalarining majmui
Creators: name: Ravshanova Ra'no Rashidovna, Muhammmad al-Xorazmiy nomidagi Toshkent  Axborot texnologiyalar universiteti Samarqand filiali  "TTKT" fakulteti 23-06-guruh talabasi
name: Ilmiy rahbar: X.U.Samatov
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Ushbu maqolada islomning diniy huquq,qonun  qoidalari, norma va  tartiblar  majmuasi  sifatida  shariat  Sharqdagi  bir  qancha  mamlakatlarda  davlat uchun  dunyoga  kelishidan  to  o’limigacha  yurish  turishini   belgilovchi  qoidalar to’plami sifatida qaralgan.
Three-field mixed finite element methods for nonlinear elasticity
Creators: name: Neunteufel, Michael
name: Pechstein, Astrid
name: Schöberl, Joachim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 74B20 (Primary) 74S05, 35Q74 (Secondary)

description: In this paper, we extend the tangential-displacement normal-normal-stress continuous (TDNNS) method from [26] to nonlinear elasticity. By means of the Hu-Washizu principle, the distibutional derivatives of the displacement vector are lifted to a regular strain tensor. We introduce three different methods, where either the deformation gradient, the Cauchy-Green strain tensor, or both of them are used as independent variables. Within the linear sub-problems, all stress and strain variables can be locally eliminated leading to an equation system in displacement variables, only. The good performance and accuracy of the presented methods are demonstrated by means of several numerical examples (available via www.gitlab.com/mneunteufel/nonlinear_elasticity).
Applications of BGP-reflection functors: isomorphisms of cluster algebras
Creators: name: Zhu, Bin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 16G20; 16G70

description: Given a symmetrizable generalized Cartan matrix $A$, for any index $k$, one can define an automorphism associated with $A,$ of the field $\mathbf{Q}(u_1, >..., u_n)$ of rational functions of $n$ independent indeterminates $u_1,..., u_n.$ It is an isomorphism between two cluster algebras associated to the matrix $A$ (see section 4 for precise meaning). When $A$ is of finite type, these isomorphisms behave nicely, they are compatible with the BGP-reflection functors of cluster categories defined in [Z1, Z2] if we identify the indecomposable objects in the categories with cluster variables of the corresponding cluster algebras, and they are also compatible with the "truncated simple reflections" defined in [FZ2, FZ3]. Using the construction of preprojective or preinjective modules of hereditary algebras by Dlab-Ringel [DR] and the Coxeter automorphisms (i.e., a product of these isomorphisms), we construct infinitely many cluster variables for cluster algebras of infinite type and all cluster variables for finite types.
description: revised version
Detectable Data-driven Features in the Primordial Scalar Power Spectrum
Creators: name: Esmaeilian, Muhammad Sadegh
name: Farhang, Marzieh
name: Khodabakhshi, Shirin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we explore the power of future large-scale surveys to constrain possible deviations from the standard single-field slow-roll inflationary scenario. Specifically, we parametrize possible fluctuations around the almost scale-invariant primordial scalar power spectrum in a model independent way. We then use their imprints on the simulated matter distribution, as observed by the galaxy clustering and weak lensing probes of Euclid and Square Kilometer Array, to construct the best constrainable patterns of fluctuations. For comparison, we make similar forecasts for a futuristic CMB-S4-like survey. The modes are found to have similar, yet shifted, patterns, with increasing number of wiggles as the mode number increases. The forecasted constraints are tightest for CMB anisotropies and galaxy clustering, depending on the details of the specifications of the survey. As case studies, we explore how two greatly different physically motivated patterns of primordial power spectrum are reconstructed by the proposed modes. We propose a figure of merit based on the amount of information delivered by the modes to truncate the mode hierarchy which is automatically generated by the analysis.
description: 12 pages, 12 figures
Innovation in Multiple Networks and Networks of Networks: The Case of the Fruit Sector in Emilia‐Romagna
Creators: name: Viaggi, Davide
name: Cuming, David
Publisher: name: CentMA
Year: 2013
Subjects: Agro‐Food Sector Networks; Agricultural cooperatives; Innovation

description: In the paper we examine the issue of food systems in which farms participate in multiple networks that, for their part, tend also to be members of networks of networks. The issue is addressed through a descriptive analysis of the fruit sector in Emilia‐Romagna (Italy). The farms in the area tend to join a different network for each product/product type. Innovation networks are embedded in commercialization or input provider networks, but separate (parallel) networks also exist, particularly for basic research activities. Networks of networks are largely a product of the cooperative system. The paper concludes by emphasising the need for further research in multiple networking strategies and the connection between
commercialisation networks and innovation.
description: International Journal on Food System Dynamics, Vol 3, No 3 (2012): Special issue on networks and innovation
Networks as Drivers for Innovation – Experiences from Food Networks in Canada and New Zealand
Creators: name: Hamann, Karen
Publisher: name: CentMA
Year: 2013
Subjects: Agri‐food sector; networks; innovation; research‐driven; hands‐on

description: A common feature among networks is the focus on innovation but the approach to driving innovation and to supporting companies’ innovation work differs widely between networks. Some networks strive to be THE forum of an industry, and
these networks generally focus on promoting innovations that are market‐ready. Networks with a defined objective of promoting research‐driven innovation must have different network organisations from the forum‐oriented networks. Research shows that networks promoting research‐driven innovation also lead to patent applications and should have activities towards commercialisation support. This paper compares four networks from Canada and New Zealand in order to identify examples of how networks with different structures and objectives can support innovation in agri‐food companies. The paper is an empirical contribution to the research area of networks and innovation.
description: International Journal on Food System Dynamics, Vol 3, No 3 (2012): Special issue on networks and innovation
How small hydrodynamics can go
Creators: name: Baggioli, Matteo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Numerous experimental and theoretical results in liquids and plasmas suggest the presence of a critical momentum at which the shear diffusion mode collides with a non-hydrodynamic relaxation mode, giving rise to propagating shear waves. This phenomenon, labelled as "k-gap", could explain the surprising identification of a low-frequency elastic behaviour in confined liquids. More recently, a formal study of the perturbative hydrodynamic expansion showed that critical points in complex space, such as the aforementioned k-gap, determine the radius of convergence of linear hydrodynamics, its regime of applicability. In this work, we combine the two new concepts and we study the radius of convergence of linear hydrodynamics in "real liquids" by using several data from simulations and experiments. We generically show that the radius of convergence increases with temperature and it surprisingly decreases with the electromagnetic interactions coupling. More importantly, for all the systems considered, we find that such radius is set by the Wigner-Seitz radius, the characteristic inter-atomic distance of the liquid, which provides a natural microscopic bound.
description: v2: matching the published version
International pressure mounts on military junta in Myanmar
Creators: name: Stuart, John
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 160607 International Relations
subject: FOS: Political science

description: The article analyses the events unfolding in Myanmar after the military take over in early February 2021. The article specifically deals with the international pressure on the military junta.
Adaptation in Food Networks: Theoretical Framework and Empirical Evidences
Creators: name: Martino, Gaetano
name: Frascarelli, Angelo
Publisher: name: CentMA
Year: 2013
Subjects: integration; food networks; adaptation; decisions rights

description: The paper concerns the integration in food networks under a governance point of view. We conceptualize the integration processes in terms of the adaptation theory and focus the issues related under a transaction cost economics perspective. We conjecture that the allocation of decisions rights between the parties to a transaction is a key instrument in order to cope with the sources of basic uncertainty in food networks: technological innovation, sustainability strategies, quality and safety objectives. Six case studies are proposed which contribute to corroborate our conjecture. Managerial patters based on a joint decision approach also are documented
description: International Journal on Food System Dynamics, Vol 4, No 1 (2013)
The Casimir effect in the presence of infrared transparency
Creators: name: Warkentin, Max
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit the Casimir effect perceived by two surfaces in the presence of infrared (IR) transparency. To address this problem, we study a model, where such a phenomenon naturally arises: the DGP model with two parallel 3-branes, each endowed with a localized curvature term. In that model, the UV modes of the 5-dimensional graviton are suppressed on the branes, while the IR modes can penetrate them freely. First, we find that the DGP branes act as "effective" (momentum-dependent) boundary conditions for the gravitational field, so that the (gravitational) Casimir force between them emerges. Second, we discover that the presence of an IR transparency region for the discrete modes modifies the standard Casimir force -- as derived for ideal Dirichlet boundary conditions -- in two competing ways: i) The exclusion of soft modes from the discrete spectrum leads to an increase of the Casimir force. ii) The non-ideal nature of the boundary conditions gives rise to a "leakage" of hard modes. As a result of i) and ii), the Casimir force becomes weaker. Since the derivation of this result involves only the localized kinetic terms of a quantum field on parallel surfaces (with codimension one), the derived Casimir force is expected to be present in a variety of setups in arbitrary dimensions.
description: 32 pages, 1 appendix, 10 figures; added references and a few comments for revised version accepted by JHEP
Comment on 'Quantum inversion of cold atoms in a microcavity: spatial dependence'
Creators: name: Bastin, Thierry
name: Martin, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a recent work, Abdel-Aty and Obada [2002 J. Phys. B 35 807-813] analyzed the quantum inversion of cold atoms in a microcavity, the motion of the atoms being described quantum mechanically. Two-level atoms were assumed to interact with a single mode of the cavity, and the off-resonance case was considered (namely the atomic transition frequency is detuned from the single mode cavity frequency). We demonstrate in this paper that this case is incorrectly treated by these authors and we question therefore their conclusions.
description: 4 pages, no figures
Quality of Communication and Types of Communicators in German Veterinary Authorities
Creators: name: Arens, Ludwig
name: Theuvsen, Ludwig
Publisher: name: CentMA
Year: 2013
Subjects: communication quality; Structural Equation Model; cluster analysis; veterinary authorities; interactional view

description: Recent crises in the agricultural sector, such as the 2011 German dioxin scandal and deaths from EHEC or the last swine fever outbreak in Germany in 2006, have caused immense economic damage. As a result, German veterinary authorities at the district, state, and federal levels have been put in charge as crisis managers and leaders of active preventative organizations. To perform their tasks successfully, they require effective communication skills as well as close cooperation with stakeholders in the agribusiness sector. However, despite clear evidence that identifies these relationships as crucial, there is only very little research that directly addresses communication quality and intensity of public authorities responsible for food safety. The relevant literature so far primarily deals with the technical design and implementation of new information and communication systems. However, it often fails to address the particular needs and communication behaviour of individual users. It is the objective of this study to identify determinants of communication quality and to differentiate between types of communicators in order to shed light on the construct of communication behaviour in veterinary authorities. To do so, the determinants of the quality of communication between public authorities and their external stakeholders were identified based on a causal model. These determinants were used as cluster-building variables in a cluster analysis to determine different types of communicators in veterinary services. The data reveals that the personal aspects of communication are of greater relevance than its content. This knowledge could be helpful to identify measures that could be implemented in order to improve the quality of communication of veterinary authorities
description: International Journal on Food System Dynamics, Vol 4, No 1 (2013)
Black Hole Shadows in Verlinde's Emergent Gravity
Creators: name: Jusufi, Kimet
name: Saurabh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effect of baryonic matter and apparent dark matter on black hole shadow in Verlinde's Emergent Gravity. To do so, we consider different baryonic mass profiles and an optically-thin disk region described by a gas in a radial free fall around the black hole. Assuming that most of the baryonic matter in the galaxy is located near the galactic center surrounding a supermassive black hole, we use two models of power law mass profile for the baryonic matter to study the effect of apparent dark matter on the shadow and the corresponding intensity. We find that the effect of the surrounding matter on the shadow size using observational values is small, however, it becomes significant when the surrounding baryonic matter increases. To this end, we show that the effect of simple power law function in the limit of constant baryonic mass in Verlinde's theory implies an apparent dark matter effect which is similar to the standard gravity having an isothermal dark matter profile. We also find the intensity of the electromagnetic flux radiation depending on the surrounding mass.
description: 10 pages; 8 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Interaction with customers: The Application of Social Media within the Austrian Supply Chain for Food and Beverages
Creators: name: Meixner, Oliver
name: Haas, Rainer
name: Moosbrugger, Helmut
name: Magdits, Philipp
Publisher: name: CentMA
Year: 2013
Subjects: Web 2.0; food industry; communication; social media

description: Social media marketing has become a powerful tool of interaction with stakeholders. An increasing number of companies are using social media platforms to initiate active interaction and communication with current and prospective customers. Within this study, certain content and contact features, as well as social media activities of companies of the Austrian food and beverage industry were evaluated. Empirical findings concerning the threats, risks, and opportunities connected with the application of social media are presented. The results imply that social media applications are innovative alternatives for customer relationship management. However, more knowledge on how to properly use social media marketing seems to be necessary.
description: International Journal on Food System Dynamics, Vol 4, No 1 (2013)
Variational Regularization Theory Based on Image Space Approximation Rates
Creators: name: Miller, Philip
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We present a new approach to convergence rate results for variational regularization. Avoiding Bregman distances and using image space approximation rates as source conditions we prove a nearly minimax theorem showing that the modulus of continuity is an upper bound on the reconstruction error up to a constant. Applied to Besov space regularization we obtain convergence rate results for $0,2,q$- and $0,p,p$-penalties without restrictions on $p,q\in (1,\infty).$ Finally we prove equivalence of Hölder-type variational source conditions, bounds on the defect of the Tikhonov functional, and image space approximation rates.
The near-infrared luminosity function of cluster galaxies beyond redshift one
Creators: name: Strazzullo, V.
name: Rosati, P.
name: Stanford, S. A.
name: Lidman, C.
name: Nonino, M.
name: Demarco, R.
name: Eisenhardt, P. E.
name: Ettori, S.
name: Mainieri, V.
name: Toft, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We determined the K band luminosity function (LF) of cluster galaxies at redshift z~1.2, using near-infrared images of three X-ray luminous clusters at z=1.11,1.24,1.27. The composite LF was derived down to M*+4, by means of statistical background subtraction, and is well described by a Schechter function with K*=20.5 AB mag and alpha=-1. From the K band composite LF we derived the stellar mass function of cluster galaxies. Using available X-ray mass profiles we determined the M/L ratios of these three clusters, which tend to be lower than those measured in the local universe. With these data, no significant difference can be seen between the shapes of the cluster galaxies LF and the LF of field galaxies at similar redshift. We also found no significant evolution out to z ~1.2 in the bright (2. The results obtained in this work support and extend previous findings that most of the stars in bright galaxies were formed at high redshift, and that K-bright (M>10^11 Msun) galaxies were already in place at z ~ 1.2, at least in the central regions of X-ray luminous clusters. Together with recent results on the field galaxies stellar mass function, this implies that most of the stellar mass is already assembled in massive galaxies by z ~ 1, both in low and high density environments.
description: 16 pages, 10 figures, to appear in A&A
Impacts of Biogas Production on the Production Factors Land and Labour – Current Effects, Possible Consequences and Further Research Needs
Creators: name: Emmann, Carsten H.
name: Guenther-Lübbers, Welf
name: Theuvsen, Ludwig
Publisher: name: CentMA
Year: 2013
Subjects: biogas production; Lower Saxony; land lease prices; crowding-out effects

description: Among the members of the European Union (EU), Germany has the largest biogas produc-tion from agricultural sources. However, many other EU member states are creating the necessary conditions for rapid growth in this area. The German Renewable Energy Sources Act (EEG), which sets payments over a long time period for electricity supplied from renewa-ble sources, often serves as a benchmark. However, the continuing biogas boom has also led to criticism of the EEG in Germany. Opponents of biogas production point to the rising cost of leasing land, changes in the agricultural structure due to maize monoculture, increased competition with other agricultural branches (e.g., livestock husbandry) and the crowding out of classical food production. This paper examines the validity of these points of criticism. To this end, a written survey (n = 246) of farmers in six selected rural districts in the German state of Lower Saxony was carried out in 2010 and 2011. OLS regressions conducted on the data from these farmers showed that biogas production has led to a substantial increase in land lease prices for cropland. Furthermore, approximately 20% of the respondents report complete crowding out of established agricultural production forms, resulting in a decrease in the resource basis for downstream animal and plant processing industries. The results also indicate that, in extreme cases, such crowding out might even reduce the availability of em-ployment in rural areas. In closing, the paper highlights further research needs in order to provide comprehensive information (for every German state, the entire country of Germany and other EU member states) regarding the effects of biogas production on net employment, infrastructure and added value.
description: International Journal on Food System Dynamics, Vol 4, No 1 (2013)
Expression cloning of RasGRP : a member of the CDC25 family of Ras exchangers
Creators: name: Tognon, Cristina Esao
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The fact that Ras mutations are found in approximately 30% of all human malignancies points towards a role for Ras signalling pathways in the process of malignant transformation. An expression cloning strategy was used to identify genes that were equal to Ras in their ability to transform cells. Upon screening a T hybridoma cell cDNA library we identified a novel cDNA whose overexpression in NIH 3T3 cells caused transformation phenotypically similar to that of Ras overexpression. RasGRP, the protein encoded by this cDNA, contained several unique structural features, the foremost being regions of high sequence similarity to the CDC25 family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GNEFs). RasGRP not only contained the three structurally conserved regions found in these domains but also contained a Ras exchange motif (REM) box that is found in GNEFs that are capable of exchange on true Ras proteins. Overexpression of RasGRP caused hyperactivation of MAP kinases, specifically ERK 1 and 2. This data is compatible with the idea RasGRP is capable of causing Ras activation. Furthermore, the ability of RasGRP to transform cells and activate MAP kinase was eliminated by mutations affecting the exchange factor domain or by deletions of the REM box. RasGRP also contained a Cl domain which was very similar in sequence to diacylglycerol- and phorbol ester-binding Cl domains of protein kinase Cs (PKCs). RasGRP's Cl domain was found to be essential for fibroblast transformation and could be functionally replaced by a prenylation signal or by the Cl domain of PKCδ. RasGRP was found to localize to the ER as well as other membranes and this localization was dependent upon the Cl domain. The isolated Cl domain was also capable of re-localization in response to phorbol ester stimulation and to increases in diacylglycerol produced upon phosphatidylcholine-phospholipase C stimulation. These responses were identical to those of the PKC5-C1 domain. Taken altogether, these results provide the evidence on which to base the following model of Ras activation via RasGRP. It states that RasGRP's Cl domain facilitates the translocation of RasGRP to membranes enriched in diacylglycerol or phorbol ester. Once at the membrane, RasGRP is able to interact with Ras proteins tethered there by prenylation. GDP exchange then takes place via RasGRP's REM/GEF domains and the Ras pathway is activated. RasGRP also contains a pair of calcium binding EF hands, a proline rich region, and an a-helical domain. These domains were found to be non-essential for fibroblast transformation and it will be of interest to discover what roles they play in RasGRP function. RasGRP exhibits a unique pattern of expression when compared to other GNEFs capable of exchange on Ras. It is expressed extensively in brain, thymus, spleen, and bone marrow, which points to possible roles in neuronal and lymphoid signalling.
The log-periodic-AR(1)-GARCH(1,1) model for financial crashes
Creators: name: Gazola, L.
name: Fernandes, C.
name: Pizzinga, A.
name: Riera, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Statistical Finance (q-fin.ST)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper intends to meet recent claims for the attainment of more rigorous statistical methodology within the econophysics literature. To this end, we consider an econometric approach to investigate the outcomes of the log-periodic model of price movements, which has been largely used to forecast financial crashes. In order to accomplish reliable statistical inference for unknown parameters, we incorporate an autoregressive dynamic and a conditional heteroskedasticity structure in the error term of the original model, yielding the log-periodic-AR(1)-GARCH(1,1) model. Both the original and the extended models are fitted to financial indices of U. S. market, namely S&P500 and NASDAQ. Our analysis reveal two main points: (i) the log-periodic-AR(1)-GARCH(1,1) model has residuals with better statistical properties and (ii) the estimation of the parameter concerning the time of the financial crash has been improved.
description: 17 pages, 4 figures, 12 tables, to appear in Europen Physical Journal B
A Unified Framework for Quantum Supervised Learning
Creators: name: Nghiem, Nhat A.
name: Chen, Samuel Yen-Chi
name: Wei, Tzu-Chieh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum machine learning is an emerging field that combines machine learning with advances in quantum technologies. Many works have suggested great possibilities of using near-term quantum hardware in supervised learning. Motivated by these developments, we present an embedding-based framework for supervised learning with trainable quantum circuits. We introduce both explicit and implicit approaches. The aim of these approaches is to map data from different classes to separated locations in the Hilbert space via the quantum feature map. We will show that the implicit approach is a generalization of a recently introduced strategy, so-called \textit{quantum metric learning}. In particular, with the implicit approach, the number of separated classes (or their labels) in supervised learning problems can be arbitrarily high with respect to the number of given qubits, which surpasses the capacity of some current quantum machine learning models. Compared to the explicit method, this implicit approach exhibits certain advantages over small training sizes. Furthermore, we establish an intrinsic connection between the explicit approach and other quantum supervised learning models. Combined with the implicit approach, this connection provides a unified framework for quantum supervised learning. The utility of our framework is demonstrated by performing both noise-free and noisy numerical simulations. Moreover, we have conducted classification testing with both implicit and explicit approaches using several IBM Q devices.
Price versus Non-price Incentives for Participation in Quality Labeling: The Case of the German Fruit Juice Industry
Creators: name: Bleich, Simon
name: Herrmann, Roland
Publisher: name: CentMA
Year: 2013
Subjects: labeling; price premium; market entry; fruit juice market; DLG award

description: Quality assurance and labeling play an important and increasing role in firms’ marketing strategies. In almost all cases, a price incentive has been stressed as the major incentive for firms to participate in such schemes. We argue here that important non-price incentives for participation in quality labeling may exist, too. In German retailing, it can be observed that discount retailers are listing more and more foods with quality labels. Processors may then participate in voluntary quality labeling in order to enter the large and growing market of discount retailers. The price-premium versus the market-entry hypothesis are analyzed theo-retically. We investigate then in an empirical hedonic pricing model for the German fruit juice market and for participation in the quality label of the Deutsche Landwirtschafts-Gesellschaft (DLG) which of the two hypotheses is consistent with the data. There is strong support for the market-entry hypothesis
description: International Journal on Food System Dynamics, Vol 4, No 1 (2013)
What's the Farmer Worth?
Creators: name: Ufer, Danielle
name: Ortega, David L.
name: Lin, Wen
name: Ufer, Danielle
name: Ortega, David L.
name: Lin, Wen
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2021
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Consumer/Household Economics

description: The structure of American agriculture and the food industry is increasingly scrutinized by consumers. With farmers being the foundation of the industry, this begs the question, what does the average consumer think the farmer is worth? Using data from a nationally representative survey of 998 American consumers, this data visualization presents a picture of the consumer perspective on the farmer’s value in the overall food chain using the USDA ERS measure of the farmer’s share of the food dollar. Values are compared across different types of products and certifications and show consumers value farmers differently. This data visualization aims to cultivate a deeper understanding of the consumer’s view of the food supply chain and the relative importance of the role the farmer plays.
Hylodes grandoculis Van Lidth
Creators: name: Miracle, Eulàlia Gassó
name: Van, Lars W.
name: Ostende, Den Hoek
name: Arntzen, Jan Willem
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Amphibia
Anura
Hylodidae
Hylodes
Hylodes grandoculis

description: Hylodes grandoculis Van Lidth de Jeude, 1904
Van Lidth de Jeude, 1904. Notes Leyden Mus., 25: 93.
 Current name: Eleutherodactylus marmoratus (Boulenger, 1900)
Holotype: RMNH 4467, 1 spec. Loc.: “the basin and the sources of the Coppename” [Suriname] Leg.: Coppename Expeditie, 1901.
description: Published as part of Miracle, Eulàlia Gassó, Van, Lars W., Ostende, Den Hoek & Arntzen, Jan Willem, 2007, Type specimens of amphibians in the National Museum of Natural History, Leiden, The Netherlands, pp. 25-68 in Zootaxa 1482 on page 46, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.176896
Climate-Adapted Soil Cultivation as an Aspect for Sustainable Farming – Task-Technology-Fit of a Decision Support System
Creators: name: Guenther-Lübbers, Welf
name: Arens, Ludwig
name: Theuvsen, Ludwig
Publisher: name: CentMA
Year: 2013
Subjects: Decision support systems; task-technology fit; climate change; arable farming

description: Due to global climate change and its impact on local weather conditions, decision support systems are becoming more important in agriculture. Such systems allow farmers to adapt more effectively to the complex changes affecting their farms. Marginal production sites must apply new tillage strategies adapted to new climatic conditions. Information about proper strategy adjustments is often disseminated through agricultural extension services and journals. A new internet information platform, KlimaBob, which focuses on climate-flexible tillage, was established under the auspices of the Innovation Network of Climate Change Adaptation Brandenburg Berlin. Successful and permanent introduction of such a system requires analysis and verification of its acceptance among individual farmers. This study addresses this need by applying the established task-technology fit approach. A survey was conducted among farmers in the Brandenburg region. The resulting data provided the basis for a structural equation model that explains and evaluates the task-technology fit of the KlimaBob platform. The results indicate that the performance spectrum of the system exerts a strong influence on the task-technology fit when assessed by both the name characteristics of KlimaBob and the individual characteristics of users (for example, time management, technology affinity and risk attitude).
description: International Journal on Food System Dynamics, Vol 4, No 1 (2013)
Locally holomorphic maps yield symplectic structures
Creators: name: Gompf, Robert E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53Dxx

description: For a smooth map $f:X^4\toΣ^2$ that is locally modeled by holomorphic maps, the domain is shown to admit a symplectic structure that is symplectic on some regular fiber, if and only if $f^*[Σ]\ne0$. If so, the space of symplectic forms on $X$ that are symplectic on all fibers is nonempty and contractible. The cohomology classes of these forms vary with the maximum possible freedom on the reducible fibers, subject to the obvious constraints. The above results are derived via an analogous theorem for locally holomorphic maps $f:X^{2n}\to Y^{2n-2}$ with $Y$ symplectic.
description: 10 pages, no figures
D-MAC: Dynamic Media Access Control for the High Speed Wireless Ad Hoc LANs
Creators: name: Lu, Mi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 100503 Computer Communications Networks
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: In a single-hop wireless ad hoc network without any central control, how to provide integrated service is a difficult task. The design of an efficient MAC (Media Control Access) is one of the key issues. in this paper, a reservation-based, dynamic and adaptive MAC, termed the D-MAC, is proposed for the high speed wireless single-hop ad hoc networks. In the D-MAC, every node will transmit their requests without any conflicts., At the end of the variable-length reservation period, each node will be aware of the resource requests of all other nodes. Then based on the distributed resource allocation function, the resource will be assigned without any conflicts. The D-MAC can fit for the integrated service load in the network adaptively to keep the performance always good, and will improve the system performance significantly, especially in the case when the service load in the wireless network is high.
Rent-Maximization versus Competition in the Western and Central Pacific Tuna Fishery
Creators: name: Hannesson, Rognvaldur
name: Kennedy, John O.S.
name: Hannesson, Rognvaldur
name: Kennedy, John O.S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Bioeconomic modelling
subject: Game theory
subject: Optimisation
subject: Migratory tuna

description: Where a fish stock straddles or migrates between country A's exclusive economic zone (EEZ) and country B's EEZ, or the high seas, vesting ownership rights in the stock with A does not ensure efficient harvesting of the stock. This problem arises in the case of migratory tuna stocks in the Western and Central Pacific Ocean (WCPO). Four species of tuna reside for only part of the year in the EEZs of coastal states, many of which are Pacific Island Countries (PICs). Most of the harvesting of the stocks is carried out by distant water fishing nations such as the USA, Japan, Taiwan, China and Korea. Problems arise for achieving efficiency and equity in the harvesting of the stocks by disparate countries. The problems are made more difficult by changes in the harvesting levels of one fleet affecting the rents of another fleet through changes in the age distribution of stock. These types of problem are under review by the Western and Central Pacific Fisheries Commission, formed in 2005. Results from an age-structured steady-state bioeconomic model are used to show: the changes in fleet rents and catches of tuna if all fleets form a cooperative grand coalition to deploy fishing effort to maximize rents over the WCPO; the likely non-stability of the grand coalition; and the inferior Nash Equilibrium outcomes if all fleets fish non-cooperatively to maximize their own rents.
Energy and Agriculture in Australia and New Zealand: Politics, Prices and Economic Outcomes
Creators: name: Scrimgeour, Frank G.
name: Scrimgeour, Frank G.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: Farm Management
Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: Energy is a significant agricultural input in both Australia and New Zealand. Likewise agriculture in NZ Australia has the potential to produce significant energy sources - the extent to which depends on the price of competing energy sources - particularly oil. Higher energy prices, resulting in changes in land use in North America also have the potential to significantly impact the demand for, and prices received, for Australian and New Zealand agricultural commodities. This paper analyses recent statistics on agricultural energy consumption in both Australia and New Zealand and considers the relationship between energy prices and aggregate economic activity and economic activity in the farm and farm processing sector. It explores the impact of alternative energy price scenarios on Australian and NZ agriculture. It is informed by both CGE analysis of the NZ economy and results of international studies. The evolution of outcomes is sensitive to both global energy prices and the policy responses of the Australian and New Zealand Governments.
Minimum Average Transmission Power Routing in CDMA Ad Hoc Networks Utilizing the Blind Multiuser Detection
Creators: name: Lu, Mi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 100503 Computer Communications Networks
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: An ad hoc network is a self-organized and distributed entity, consisting of a number of mobile stations (MSs) without the coordination of any centralized access point. In this context, we discuss how to minimize the average transmission power in CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access) ad hoc networks for real-time service and data service utilizing the multiuser detection technique. Jointly considering the multiuser interference, coding scheme, and different service requirements, the Minimum Average Transmission Power Routing (MATPR) for both real-time service and data service have been proposed to minimize the average transmission power. Both theoretical analysis and simulation results indicate the advantages of the proposed routing method in the sense of power saving.
Interfacial tension of the isotropic--nematic interface in suspensions of soft spherocylinders
Creators: name: Vink, R. L. C.
name: Schilling, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The isotropic to nematic transition in a system of soft spherocylinders is studied by means of grand canonical Monte Carlo simulations. The probability distribution of the particle density is used to determine the coexistence density of the isotropic and the nematic phases. The distributions are also used to compute the interfacial tension of the isotropic--nematic interface, including an analysis of finite size effects. Our results confirm that the Onsager limit is not recovered until for very large elongation, exceeding at least L/D=40, with L the spherocylinder length and D the diameter. For smaller elongation, we find that the interfacial tension increases with increasing L/D, in agreement with theoretical predictions.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures, and also 1 table