cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The orthogonality of q-classical polynomials of the Hahn class: A geometrical approach
Creators: name: Alvarez-Nodarse, R.
name: Sevinik-Adiguzel, R.
name: Taseli, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 33D45, 42C05

description: The idea of this review article is to discuss in a unified way the orthogonality of all positive definite polynomial solutions of the $q$-hypergeometric difference equation on the $q$-linear lattice by means of a qualitative analysis of the $q$-Pearson equation. Therefore, our method differs from the standard ones which are based on the Favard theorem, the three-term recurrence relation and the difference equation of hypergeometric type. Our approach enables us to extend the orthogonality relations for some well-known $q$-polynomials of the Hahn class to a larger set of their parameters. A short version of this paper appeared in SIGMA 8 (2012), 042, 30 pages http://dx.doi.org/10.3842/SIGMA.2012.042.
description: A short version of this paper appeared in SIGMA 8 (2012), 042, 30 pages http://dx.doi.org/10.3842/SIGMA.2012.042
Development and Clinical Implementation of Applications for Guiding Linac-Based Stereotactic Radiosurgery Planning
Creators: name: Mann, Thomas David
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Collision Prediction
subject: Beam Angle Optimization
subject: Stereotactic Radiosurgery
subject: Eclipse Scripting API
subject: Treatment Planning
subject: Radiation Therapy
subject: Physics--Radiation

description: Stereotactic Radiosurgery (SRS) is a well-established treatment technique for brain lesions that uses a high dose of radiation delivered in a single fraction. Studies have shown improved cognitive outcomes with SRS for the treatment of brain metastases compared to whole brain radiation therapy. While effective, SRS planning is a complex and time-consuming process due to non-coplanar beam angles, multiple metastases, and proximity to organs-at-risk within the brain. Scripting can be used to automate complex planning processes and analyze patient data through a treatment planning system application programming interface. Applications developed using scripting can help inform planner decision-making and improve clinical efficiency. This thesis investigates the design and clinical implementation of two scripting applications developed to assist SRS planning at the Tom Baker Cancer Centre. The use of non-coplanar beam angles in SRS increases the risk of collision between the linac gantry and the patient or treatment table. We developed the Clearance Check application to predict possible collisions in radiation treatment plans using patient CT body contours and accurate models of the gantry and immobilization. The collision prediction algorithm uses oriented bounding boxes and binary tree hierarchies to improve algorithm efficiency. Algorithm accuracy was assessed using a calibration phantom and several simulated treatment positions. Initial results from clinical implementation are reported and a follow-up summary after five years of use is also included. Collision prediction, beam angle optimization and automated plan creation were combined to create the Stereotactic Optimized Automated Radiotherapy (SOAR) application. SOAR planning was compared to manual SRS planning and found to achieve similar plan quality with a significant increase in plan creation efficiency. SOAR was then benchmarked against the commercial SRS planning solution HyperArc. SOAR showed improved target conformity, better organ-at-risk sparing, and lower plan complexity. The SOAR application provides greater versatility in SRS planning, straightforward integration with the treatment planning system, and is not restricted to a specific immobilization device. Initial improvements in SRS planning efficiency using SOAR are reported. Overall, this thesis presents novel applications of scripting to improve the SRS planning process, enhancing clinical efficiency while maintaining plan quality.
Leading-order spin-orbit and spin(1)-spin(2) radiation-reaction Hamiltonians
Creators: name: Wang, Han
name: Steinhoff, Jan
name: Zeng, Jing
name: Schäfer, Gerhard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the present paper, the leading-order post-Newtonian spin-orbit and spin(1)-spin(2) radiation-reaction Hamiltonians are calculated. We utilize the canonical formalism of Arnowitt, Deser, and Misner (ADM), which has shown to be valuable for this kind of calculation. The results are valid for arbitrary many objects. The energy loss is then computed and compared to well-known results for the energy flux as a check.
description: 17 pages, v2: published version
Simultaneous cooling of all six degrees of freedom of an optically levitated nanoparticle by elliptic coherent scattering
Creators: name: Pontin, Antonio
name: Fu, Hayden
name: Toroš, Marko
name: Monteiro, Tania S.
name: Barker, Peter F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on strong cooling and orientational control of all translational and angular degrees of freedom of a nanoparticle levitated in an optical trap in high vacuum. The motional cooling and control of all six degrees of freedom of a nanoparticle levitated by an optical tweezer is accomplished using coherent elliptic scattering within a high finesse optical cavity. Translational temperatures in the 100 $μ$K range were reached while temperatures as low as 5 mK were attained in the librational degrees of freedom. This work represents an important milestone in controlling all observable degrees of freedom of a levitated particle and opens up future applications in quantum science and the study of single isolated nanoparticles.
Computer simulations of the glass transition and glassy materials
Creators: name: Barrat, Jean-Louis
name: Berthier, Ludovic
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide an overview of the different types of computational techniques developed over the years to study supercooled liquids, glassy materials and the physics of the glass transition. We organise these numerical strategies into four broad families. For each of them, we describe the general ideas without discussing any technical details. We summarise the type of questions which can be addressed by any given approach and outline the main results which have been obtained. Finally we describe two important directions for future computational studies of glassy systems.
description: 16 pages, 1 figure. Submitted to the French Academy of Sciences to celebrate International Year of Glass 2022
Hypoxia-induced Suppression of EGF/MAPK Signaling Delays Steroid-Dependent Maturation in Drosophila
Creators: name: Turingan, Michael Jacobi
Publisher: name: Cumming School of Medicine
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Drosophila
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Hypoxia
subject: Animal Development
subject: Ecology
subject: Developmental Genetics
subject: Development
subject: Puberty
subject: Steroidogenesis
subject: Maturation
subject: Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Physiology
subject: Biology--Molecular

description: For proper animal development, tissues and organs require sufficient oxygen; defects in oxygen supply (hypoxia) can cause developmental disorders(1). In humans, disrupted oxygen supply underlies many diseases(2). Although tissue-culture studies have revealed much about adaptation to hypoxia at the cellular level(3 4), less is known of what mediates whole-body responses. My research employs Drosophila to study how hypoxia affects development at the organismal level. Drosophila larvae have evolved to grow on decaying food – an environment of low ambient oxygen(5–8). Hence, they provide a good genetic model to study how hypoxia influences physiology and development. In the lab, larvae exposed to hypoxia (5% O2) adapt by reducing their growth and delaying development to the pupal stage. However, the molecular bases for these adaptations remain unclear. The larval-pupal developmental transition is controlled by a neuroendocrine pathway involving the prothoracic gland (PG), an endocrine organ that produces the maturation steroid hormone ecdysone (9,10). At the end of the larval period, neuronal input to the PG triggers autocrine signaling through the conserved Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (Egfr)/MAP kinase (ERK) pathway, which induces the PG to synthesize and release ecdysone(11). This ecdysone acts on all tissues to initiate maturation(11). My data suggest this autocrine Egf/ERK signaling is blunted in hypoxia, thus delaying the developmental transition. Since signaling and key aspects of steroid hormone regulation are conserved between Drosophila and humans (9,10,12), my work provides insights into how the program of development can adapt to fluctuating environmental conditions.
Maternal hepatitis B e antigen can be an indicator for antiviral prophylaxis of perinatal transmission of hepatitis B virus
Creators: name: Lu, Ying
name: Song, Yarong
name: Zhai, Xiangjun
name: Zhu, Fengcai
name: Liu, Jianxun
name: Chang, Zhanjun
name: Li, Yi
name: Xiao, Yiwei
name: Li, Lili
name: Liu, Minmin
name: Liu, Jia
name: Duan, Zhongping
name: Zou, Huaibin
name: Zhuang, Hui
name: Wang, Jie
name: Li, Jie
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: As a high-risk factor of perinatal HBV transmission, the potential role of maternal hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) to guide antiviral prophylaxis has not yet been fully reported. This large prospective cohort study enrolled 1177 hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-positive pregnant women without antiviral treatment and their newborns. HBeAg, HBsAg, and viral load in maternal serum collected before delivery were measured. All the newborns were given standard passive–active immunoprophylaxis within 12 h after birth, and post-vaccination serologic testing was performed at 7 (±7d) months of age. The results revealed that 20 of the 1177 infants (1.70%) were immunoprophylaxis failure, and all their mothers were HBeAg positive. Maternal quantitative HBeAg was positively correlated with viral load (r = 0.83; P < .0001) and quantitative HBsAg (r = 0.68; P < .0001). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) for predicting immunoprophylaxis failure by maternal HBeAg was comparable to that by maternal viral load (0.871 vs 0.893; P = .441) and HBsAg (0.871 vs 0.871; P = .965). The optimal cutoff value of maternal quantitative HBeAg to predict perinatal infection was 2.21 log10 PEI U/mL, and the sensitivity and specificity was 100.0% and 74.5%, respectively. According to maternal viral load >2 × 105 IU/mL, the sensitivity and specificity of maternal qualitative HBeAg to identify the risk of HBV MTCT for pregnant women and determine the necessity for antiviral prophylaxis was 95.5% and 92.6%, respectively. This study showed that maternal HBeAg can be a surrogate marker of HBV DNA for monitoring and evaluating whether antiviral prophylaxis is necessary for preventing perinatal HBV transmission.
Pregnancy-Specific Anxiety and Maternal Social Support: Relationships with Offspring Attention and Executive Function Through Epigenetic Age
Creators: name: Lowe, Catherine T.
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: epigenetics
subject: maternal health
subject: attention
subject: executive function
subject: pregnancy-specific anxiety
subject: social support
subject: epigenetic age
subject: Education--Health
subject: Educational Psychology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Mental Health
subject: Education--Early Childhood

description: Prenatal exposure to maternal distress, such as pregnancy-specific anxiety, is associated with diminished child attention and executive functioning, commonly experienced with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Maternal social support is related to better child outcomes. In utero experiences can affect genetic expression by fine-tuning child phenotypes, potentially through child epigenetic age differences relative to chronological age through DNA methylation (DNAm), but whether this relates to child attention or executive function or mediates protective factors such as social support is unknown. Pregnant women (n = 96) reported pregnancy-specific anxiety and social support, and their 3-month-old infant buccal epithelial and buffy coat cell tissue samples were collected and assayed for DNAm, indicating epigenetic age differences identified through the Horvath Pan-Tissue clock. Children’s executive function and attention were assessed using the Behavior Assessment System for Children (2nd Ed) at 5 years of age. Multiple regression and structural equation mediation path analysis examined associations and indirect pathways between pregnancy-specific anxiety and social support on child attention and executive functioning through epigenetic age difference. Neither pregnancy-specific anxiety nor social support showed direct or indirect associations with children’s attention. However, pregnancy-specific anxiety and social support independently indirectly predicted better child executive functioning, mediated through increased, or biologically older, epigenetic age differences. Small to moderate amounts of pregnancy-specific anxiety is a normative and non-pathological experience, differentiated from maternal distress broadly. Both pregnancy-specific anxiety and social support are related to child DNAm, suggesting a possible impact on phenotype expression with implications for future research directions and potential targeted psychosocial interventions to preserve child executive functioning.
3D finite element simulation of optical modes in VCSELs
Creators: name: Rozova, M.
name: Pomplun, J.
name: Zschiedrich, L.
name: Schmidt, F.
name: Burger, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a finite element method (FEM) solver for computation of optical resonance modes in VCSELs. We perform a convergence study and demonstrate that high accuracies for 3D setups can be attained on standard computers. We also demonstrate simulations of thermo-optical effects in VCSELs.
title: Playing with Dolls: Experiments in Transversal Media and Speculative Making
Creators: name: Bauer, DB
Publisher: name: The Digital Review
Year: 2021

description: Playing with Dolls is a series of three works that explores the generative value of speculative making in humanities inquiry related to embodiments of race, gender, and sexuality using 3D media technologies, including the 3D printer, virtual reality, and digital environments via toys and play.
ATROF- MUHITNI MUHOFAZA QILISH VA TABBIY RESUSLARNI OQILONA FOYDALANISH
Creators: name: Raximov, Akobir
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Inson hayoti va faolyati davomida tabiatdan foydalanadigan barcha turdagi tabiat ne'matlariga tabiiy resurslar deyiladi. Tabiiy resurslardan oqilona foydalanish bugungi kundagi eng dolzarb masalalardan biri hisoblanadi. Atrof muhitni ifloslanishida tabiiy va antropogen omillar asosiy rol o'ynaydi. Tabiiy omillar asosida atrof muhitning ifloslanishi, avvalo, tabiiy o'l bilan chaqmoq chaqishi, o't-olovlar va o'rmonlarning yonishi, vulqonlar otilishi, shamol harakati, biosferada uzluksiz boradigan cherish (o'simlik va hayvonot qoldiqlari) va boshqa jarayonlar natijasida yuzn beradi. Ushbu maqolada tabiiy resuslardan oqilona foydalanish metodlari hamda oqilona foydalanish usullari haqida ma'lumotlar berilgan.
Bifurcation Theory of Attractors and Minimal Sets in D-Concave Nonautonomous Scalar Ordinary Differential Equations
Creators: name: Dueñas, J.
name: Núñez, C.
name: Obaya, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37B55, 37G35, 37L45

description: Two one-parametric bifurcation problems for scalar nonautonomous ordinary differential equations are analyzed assuming the coercivity of the time-dependent function determining the equation and the concavity of its derivative with respect to the state variable. The skewproduct formalism leads to the analysis of the number and properties of the minimal sets and of the shape of the global attractor, whose abrupt variations determine the occurrence of local saddle-node, local transcritical and global pitchfork bifurcation points of minimal sets and of discontinuity points of the global attractor.
Effects of high protein diet intake, ammonia and urea concentrations on mid-luteal phase endometrial gene expression levels in post-partum dairy cows
Creators: name: Iyathurai, Gunaretnam
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: Fertility in high producing dairy cows has been decreasing over decades. Elevated ammonia and urea levels in circulation and reproductive fluids due to high protein intake is one of the major contributory factors for decreasing fertility observed in dairy cows. The objectives of this study were to examine the effects of a) ammonia and urea, and b) high protein diet intake on the mRNA expression levels of mid-luteal phase endometrial candidate fertility genes in lactating dairy cows. In experiment I, the mRNA levels of endometrial candidate genes were measured using qRT-PCR after treating the endometrial tissues (100mg/well) with different concentrations of ammonium chloride (0, 75, 150, 300, 600 μM) or urea (0, 4, 8, 12, 16 mM), in-vitro. A high concentration of ammonium chloride (600 μM) or urea (16 mM) decreased (P<0.05) the expression levels of FGF2 and IGFBP1 genes when compared to the control. However, a mild concentration of ammonium chloride (150 μM) or urea (4 mM) increased (P<0.05) the expression levels of HSPA1A, IGFBP3, SERPINA14 and BCL2 genes. The expression levels of IGF1 and BAX genes were not affected (P>0.05) by any of the ammonium chloride or urea concentrations tested. In experiment II, the mRNA levels of the candidate genes were measured using qRT-PCR in the mid-luteal phase endometrium of post partum dairy cows fed with a high (17.3% DM) or a low (14.8% DM) protein diet. The mRNA levels of all genes tested except IL1A were not different (P>0.05) between the two groups. The mean number of small and large follicles, mean size of large follicles, mean size of CL, and the number of days to first ovulation were negatively affected by high protein diet intake. Milk analysis showed higher (P<0.05) MUN levels in the high protein group relative to that of low protein. Milk yield was not different (P>0.05) between the two groups. I conclude from this study that the deleterious effect of excess dietary protein on dairy cow fertility may be due to alterations in follicular and CL dynamics and therefore embryo quality rather than any changes in the uterine environment.
Adaptive Drift Analysis
Creators: name: Doerr, Benjamin
name: Goldberg, Leslie Ann
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We show that, for any c>0, the (1+1) evolutionary algorithm using an arbitrary mutation rate p_n = c/n finds the optimum of a linear objective function over bit strings of length n in expected time Theta(n log n). Previously, this was only known for c at most 1. Since previous work also shows that universal drift functions cannot exist for c larger than a certain constant, we instead define drift functions which depend crucially on the relevant objective functions (and also on c itself). Using these carefully-constructed drift functions, we prove that the expected optimisation time is Theta(n log n). By giving an alternative proof of the multiplicative drift theorem, we also show that our optimisation-time bound holds with high probability.
description: version 2 - fixed typos
Atmospheric Overturning Circulation on Dry, Tidally-locked Rocky Planets is Mainly Driven by Radiative Cooling
Creators: name: Wang, Shuang
name: Yang, Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this study, we examine the driving mechanism for the atmospheric overturning circulation on dry, tidally-locked rocky planets without the condensation of water vapor or other species. We find that the main driving process is the radiative cooling of CO2 (or other non-condensable greenhouse gases) rather than CO2 greenhouse warming or stellar radiation. Stellar radiation is the ultimate mechanism but not the direct mechanism. Due to the combination of the uneven distribution in the stellar radiation and effective horizontal energy transports in the free troposphere, there is strong temperature inversion in the area away from the substellar region. This inversion makes CO2 to have a radiative cooling effect rather than a radiative warming effect for the atmosphere, same as that in the stratosphere of Earth's atmosphere. This cooling effect produces negative buoyancy and drives large-scale downwelling, supporting the formation of a global-scale overturning circulation. If CO2 is excluded from the atmosphere, the overturning circulation becomes very weak, regardless the level of stellar radiation. This mechanism is completely different from that for the atmospheric overturning circulation on Earth or on moist, tidally-locked rocky planets, where latent heat release and/or baroclinic instability are the dominated mechanisms. Our study improves the understanding of the atmospheric circulation on tidally-locked exoplanets and also on other dry planets, such as Venus and Mars in the solar system.
Single-atom quantum memory with degenerate atomic levels
Creators: name: Reshetov, V. A.
name: Popov, E. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The storage and retrieval of a single-photon polarization q-bit by means of STIRAP through the atoms with degenerate levels is studied theoretically for arbitrary polarization of the driving laser field and arbitrary values of the angular momenta of resonant atomic levels. The dependence of the probability of long-term photon storage on the polarization of the driving field and on the initial atomic state is examined.
description: 12 pages, 1 figure. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1203.4390
Interactions of neurofibrosis and oligodendrogenesis following demyelination: Modulation by aging and exercise
Creators: name: Lozinski, Brian Mark
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Fibroblast
subject: Remyelination
subject: Aging
subject: Exercise
subject: Neuroscience

description: The central nervous system does not undergo significant amounts of regeneration following injury. Despite this, cellular repair processes occur that help to limit the spread of injuries, maintain tissue integrity, and in some cases regenerate lost cells. Here I introduce central nervous system fibroblasts as regulators of regenerative processes in the central nervous system, and present aging and exercise as factors regulating fibroblasts and the lesioned environment. Fibroblasts are connective tissue cells that are found throughout the body. Under pathological conditions they contribute to tissue scarification by secreting excessive amounts of extracellular matrix that impairs regeneration. Fibroblasts in the central nervous system are normally found at the border regions in the meninges, perivascular space, and choroid plexus. In the injured central nervous system fibroblasts are elevated in the parenchyma and impair regenerative processes like axon regeneration. In this thesis I characterized the elevation of fibroblasts in the toxin induced lysolecithin model of central nervous system injury. One primary observation was the association of fibroblasts with microglia/macrophage responses, as well as the ability of macrophages to promote fibroblast migration in vitro. Central nervous system fibroblasts spatially obscured newly myelinating oligodendrocytes in lysolecithin lesions and inhibited the differentiation of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells in vitro. I explored the impact of age on the fibroblast response to lysolecithin injury. I found that age affected the proportion of the lysolecithin lesion occupied by fibroblasts, attenuated the immune response, and ablated the chemoattractant capacity of macrophages in vitro. Lastly, I described the changes that occur in the proteome of naïve and lysolecithin lesioned spinal cords and serum from exercising and sedentary mice. I also examined the effects of exercise on the young and middle-aged fibroblast response. I found that acute voluntary access to a running wheel resulted in significant protein changes related to metabolism, oxidative stress, and synaptic transmission. However, voluntary wheel running did not result in any changes to the fibroblast response in lysolecithin lesions in young and middle-aged mice. This thesis highlights the role of fibroblasts in central nervous system injuries, details the potential causes and outcomes of their elevation in the parenchyma, and also highlights the implications of aging and exercise for the fibroblast response and broader lysolecithin lesion environment.
High precision calculations of electroweak radiative corrections for polarized Moller scattering at one loop and beyond
Creators: name: Aleksejevs, A.
name: Barkanova, S.
name: Kolomensky, Y.
name: Kuraev, E.
name: Zykunov, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Parity-violating Moller scattering measurements are a powerful probe of new physics effects, and the upcoming high-precision experiments will require a new level of accuracy for electroweak radiative corrections (EWC). First, we perform the updated calculations of one-loop EWC for Moller scattering asymmetry using two different approaches: semi-automatic, precise, with FeynArts and FormCalc as base languages, and "by hand", with reasonable approximations. In addition, we provide a tuned comparison between the one-loop results obtained in two different renormalization schemes: on-shell and constrained differential renormalization. As the last step, we discuss the two-loop EWC induced by squaring one-loop diagrams, and show that the significant size of this partial correction indicates a need for a complete study of the two-loop EWC in order to meet the precision goals of future experiments.
description: PAVI11 Workshop Proceedings (September 5-9, 2011, Rome)
Discriminating Minimal SUGRA and Minimal Gauge Mediation Models at the Early LHC
Creators: name: Asai, Shoji
name: Nakamura, Eita
name: Shirai, Satoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Among various supersymmetric (SUSY) standard models, the gravity mediation model with a neutralino LSP and the gauge mediation model with a very light gravitino are attractive from the cosmological view point. These models have different scales of SUSY breaking and their underlying physics in high energy is quite different. However, if the sparticles' decay into the gravitino is prompt in the latter case, their collider signatures can be similar: multiple jets and missing transverse momentum. In this paper, we study the discrimination between these models in minimal cases at the LHC based on the method using the significance variables in several different modes and show the discrimination is possible at a very early stage after the discovery.
description: 29 pages, 3 figures, captions improved, typos corrected, appendix added, version published in JHEP
DIALOG-22 RuATD Generated Text Detection
Creators: name: Maloyan, Narek
name: Nutfullin, Bulat
name: Ilyushin, Eugene
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Text Generation Models (TGMs) succeed in creating text that matches human language style reasonably well. Detectors that can distinguish between TGM-generated text and human-written ones play an important role in preventing abuse of TGM. In this paper, we describe our pipeline for the two DIALOG-22 RuATD tasks: detecting generated text (binary task) and classification of which model was used to generate text (multiclass task). We achieved 1st place on the binary classification task with an accuracy score of 0.82995 on the private test set and 4th place on the multiclass classification task with an accuracy score of 0.62856 on the private test set. We proposed an ensemble method of different pre-trained models based on the attention mechanism.
description: 6 pages
Multiple Beamforming with Perfect Coding
Creators: name: Li, Boyu
name: Ayanoglu, Ender
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Perfect Space-Time Block Codes (PSTBCs) achieve full diversity, full rate, nonvanishing constant minimum determinant, uniform average transmitted energy per antenna, and good shaping. However, the high decoding complexity is a critical issue for practice. When the Channel State Information (CSI) is available at both the transmitter and the receiver, Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) is commonly applied for a Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) system to enhance the throughput or the performance. In this paper, two novel techniques, Perfect Coded Multiple Beamforming (PCMB) and Bit-Interleaved Coded Multiple Beamforming with Perfect Coding (BICMB-PC), are proposed, employing both PSTBCs and SVD with and without channel coding, respectively. With CSI at the transmitter (CSIT), the decoding complexity of PCMB is substantially reduced compared to a MIMO system employing PSTBC, providing a new prospect of CSIT. Especially, because of the special property of the generation matrices, PCMB provides much lower decoding complexity than the state-of-the-art SVD-based uncoded technique in dimensions 2 and 4. Similarly, the decoding complexity of BICMB-PC is much lower than the state-of-the-art SVD-based coded technique in these two dimensions, and the complexity gain is greater than the uncoded case. Moreover, these aforementioned complexity reductions are achieved with only negligible or modest loss in performance.
description: accepted to journal
Supplementary document for High-Q Optical Metasurfaces: From Quasi-BIC Modulation to Ultra-Narrow Band Absorption in the Near-Infrared Spectrum - 7125697.pdf
Creators: name: Chai, Yumei
name: Qi, Yunping
name: zihao, Zhou
name: Shi, Qiang
name: Luo, Bing
name: wang, xiang xian
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2024
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Preparation process of all-dielectric metasurface and preparation process of absorber
title: Hypersext
Creators: name: Kébé-Kamara, Madioula
name: Araniva-Yanez, Sayaka
Publisher: name: The Digital Review
Year: 2021

description: Hypersext is a twine based interactive essay that poeticizes pornography in order to explore the relationship between bodies and technology; femininity and consumption. The essay is an experiment in manipulating our representations through the lens of digital literature.
Teleworking Couples Cultivating Work-Life Wellness: An Action-Project Method Study
Creators: name: Como, Rebecca
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: work-life wellness
subject: telework
subject: couple
subject: romantic relationship
subject: Psychology--Industrial

description: In response to the growing number of workers in Canada who are hoping to work partially from home after the pandemic, this study explored teleworking couples’ pursuit of work-life wellness by addressing the question, “How do teleworking couples construct and cultivate work-life wellness together?” Participants were Canadian teleworkers and their domestic partners of longer than one year (5 dyads, 10 participants). Data were collected and analyzed using the action-project method, an exploratory qualitative research method associated with Contextual Action Theory. The study revealed that couples focused on a variety of individualized projects and managing and adapting telework to meet their individual and relationship needs. During the interview, participants (1) used humour to lighten serious conversational topics, (2) exhibited non-verbal signs of connection, (3) openly expressed perspectives, experiences, and needs, and (4) collaborated and worked as a team. Outside of the interview, participants reported (1) actions that reflected respect for boundaries, (2) telework impacting how they interact, (3) engaging in physical activity and exercise, and (4) having ongoing open conversations to resolve telework issues. Six additional themes were also noted: (1) the role of pets, (2) flexibility, (3) benefits of the traditional office, (4) impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic, (5) physical space, and (6) overcoming past obstacles. The findings led to numerous important implications and applications for employers, practitioners, and policy-makers, which are discussed along with strengths and limitations of the study and directions for future research.
Hidden Gems on a Ring: Massive Star Clusters and Their Formation Timeline Unveiled by ALMA, HST, and JWST
Creators: name: Sun, Jiayi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: We use ALMA to find and characterize young massive clusters (YMCs) at the center of the NGC3351 galaxy, which features a prototypical starburst ring (r ~ 300 pc). Combining our new ALMA data with HST and JWST images, we derive key YMC properties and infer a timeline for YMC formation.
Design of graphene-chitosan-based aerogels for CO2 capture
Creators: name: Pal, Sucharita
Publisher: name: Schulich School of Engineering
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Engineering--Chemical

description: The significant effects of global CO2 emissions on our environment and climate highlight the importance of finding feasible solutions for capturing CO2, to tackle the consequences of anthropogenic greenhouse gases. This study introduces two novel approaches for producing highly effective CO2 adsorbents using graphene and chitosan precursors. The first approach involves combining glycated chitosan (GC) with electrochemically exfoliated graphene (EEG) nanoplatelets, through a physical crosslinking mechanism. Glycation of chitosan improves its dispersion in water by introducing more hydroxyl functional groups and reduces its amorphous parts, resulting in a bimodal particle size distribution. The unique and specific interactions between amine and phosphate groups proposed here trap hydrogen ion-water crystals within its network, which on freeze drying generates mesoporous microstructures. By inducing mesoporosity through the physical crosslinks of amine groups on GC and phosphate groups on EEG, the CO2 adsorption capacity of the EEG-GC aerogels is significantly enhanced. The extent of glycation and the weight ratio of EEG to GC is demonstrated to impact the microstructure and mesoporosity of the precursor gel and derived aerogels. The optimized EEG-GC18 aerogels exhibit a high BET surface area of 136.29 m2 g-1 and exceptional CO2 adsorption capacity (2.88 mmol g-1) and selectivity (43.8) at 298 K and 1 bar. In the second approach, the hierarchically structured aerogels are synthesized by generating covalent amide crosslinks between chitosan (CS) and manganese dioxide (MnO2) functionalized electrochemically exfoliated graphene (MEEG). An innovative approach was undertaken to achieve a two-fold enhancement in surface area where MnO2 functionalization prevents graphene aggregation by acting as a steric barrier between consecutive graphene sheets, while the strong amide bond formation between MEEG and CS inhibits preferred ice-crystal growth during aerogel synthesis. The resulting MEEG-CS aerogels exhibit a high surface area of 374.2 m2 g-1 and exceptional CO2 adsorption capacity (3.94 mmol g-1) and selectivity (65.2) at 298 K and 1 bar, surpassing previously reported hierarchically structured CO2 adsorbents. Although, in order to incorporate hierarchical structuring, for both EEG-GC and MEEG-CS, primary amine adsorption sites have been sacrificed, however, the enhanced surface area improved the accessibility to the available adsorption sites, thus increasing overall CO2 uptake. The electrical conductivity of the aerogels from both routes enables direct electrical heating, leading to quicker regeneration times and lower energy costs. The utilization of EEG-GC and MEEG-CS aerogels offers new avenues for designing innovative porous materials that act as hybrid adsorbents combining both physisorption and chemisorption mechanisms to address climate change concerns.
Neutrinoless double beta decay and the muonium-to-antimuonium transition in models with a doubly charged scalar
Creators: name: Fukuyama, Takeshi
name: Mimura, Yukihiro
name: Uesaka, Yuichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The lepton number and flavor violations are important possible ingredients of the lepton physics. The neutrinoless double beta decay and the transition of the muonium into antimuonuim are related to those violations. The former can give us an essential part of fundamental physics, and there are plenty of experimental attempts to observe the process. The latter has also been one of the attractive phenomena, and the experimental bound will be updated in planned experiments at new high-intensity muon beamlines. In models with a doubly charged scalar, not only can those two processes be induced, but also the active neutrino masses can be induced radiatively. The flavor violating decays of the charged leptons constrain the flavor parameters of the models. We study how the muonium-to-antimuonium transition rate can be as large as the current experimental bound, and we insist that the updated bound of the transition rate will be useful to distinguish the models to generate the neutrinoless double beta decay via the doubly charged scalar. We also study a possible extension of the model to the left-right model which can induce the neutrinoless double beta decay.
description: 38 pages, 13 figures; note added
Massless, String Localized Quantum Fields for Any Helicity
Creators: name: Plaschke, M.
name: Yngvason, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81T05

description: For any massless, irreducible representation of the covering of the proper, orthochronous Poincaré group we construct covariant, free quantum fields that generate the representation space from the vacuum and are localized in semi-infinite strings in the sense of commutation or anti-commutation of the field operators at space-like separation of the strings.
description: Minor corrections. To be published in Journal of Mathematical Physics
R2-AD2: Detecting Anomalies by Analysing the Raw Gradient
Creators: name: Schulze, Jan-Philipp
name: Sperl, Philip
name: Răduţoiu, Ana
name: Sagebiel, Carla
name: Böttinger, Konstantin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Neural networks follow a gradient-based learning scheme, adapting their mapping parameters by back-propagating the output loss. Samples unlike the ones seen during training cause a different gradient distribution. Based on this intuition, we design a novel semi-supervised anomaly detection method called R2-AD2. By analysing the temporal distribution of the gradient over multiple training steps, we reliably detect point anomalies in strict semi-supervised settings. Instead of domain dependent features, we input the raw gradient caused by the sample under test to an end-to-end recurrent neural network architecture. R2-AD2 works in a purely data-driven way, thus is readily applicable in a variety of important use cases of anomaly detection.
description: Accepted at ECML-PKDD 2022
Confirmation and Quantification of Nanobubbles in Water Produced from a Batch Generator Driven by Electric Fields
Creators: name: Andrews, Jeas Grejoy
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Bulk-nanobubbles
subject: Chemistry--Analytical

description: Nanobubbles, also known as ultrafine bubbles, are spherical gas pockets suspended in a liquid or attached to a solid substrate. The former is referred to as bulk nanobubbles, and the latter is termed as surface nanobubbles. Bulk nanobubbles are the focus of this study. Due to their smaller size, and large surface-to-volume ratio, they are remarkable in maintaining neutral buoyancy, and high mass transfer efficiencies. In this study, oxygen nanobubbles are created in water using a self-developed batch generator with the application of an electric field. Preliminary investigations of critical factors with this generator influencing nanobubble generation, such as wire arrangements, low-pressure headspace gas provision, and electric field intensities, are studied. Another focus of this study is to confirm the nanobubble existence using a sensitive speed of sound measurement, vibrating tube density (VTD) meter, and other sizing and counting techniques such as dynamic light scattering (DLS), nanoparticle tracking analyzer (NTA), and cryogenic scanning electron microscopy (Cryo-SEM).
North Atlantic right whale growth and energetics
Creators: name: Fortune, Sarah Marie Elizabeth
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: Management plans for North Atlantic right whales (Eubalaena glacialis) focus on preventing mortality from ship strikes and fishing gear entanglement. However, population recovery may also be limited by nutritional stress. I derived growth curves and quantified the food requirements of North Atlantic right whales by age, sex and reproductive state. I also compared their predicted needs with field estimates of prey consumption to evaluate the model predictions and consider whether different demographic groups of right whales might be nutritionally stressed. Energy requirements were estimated using a bioenergetics model that incorporated uncertainty in energy inputs and outputs. Consumption was estimated with prey samples taken near feeding whales in two critical feeding habitats—Cape Cod Bay (n=28 net collections) and the Bay of Fundy (n=19 optical plankton counts). Model predictions indicate that mothers invest heavily in their calves, which effectively double in size and attain ~73% of their mother’s length by weaning at one year of age. Calves gained an average of ~1.7 cm and ~34 kg per day while nursing during this rapid growth phase. Body growth was best described using a two-phased Gompertz model and could not be fit using any of the single continuous growth models commonly used for other mammals. Energetically, calves required the least energy (~1129 MJ/day) and lactating females required the most (~2934 MJ/day). Adult males and non-reproductive females fell in between at ~1140 and ~1217 MJ/day respectively. Estimates of energy requirements for juveniles, adult males, pregnant and non-reproductive females compared favorably with estimates of actual prey consumption in their winter habitat (i.e., they differed by ≤15%), suggesting that the model was reliable. However, lactating females appear to obtain considerably less (~45%) of their predicted daily energy requirements in Cape Cod Bay, and almost met their needs in the Bay of Fundy (obtaining ~87% of daily requirements). This suggests that lactating females may be experiencing an energy deficit, which may affect reproductive rates and slow population recovery. Nutritional stress may thus be limiting the recovery of North Atlantic right whales.
Area minimizing surfaces in mean convex 3-manifolds
Creators: name: Bourni, Theodora
name: Coskunuzer, Baris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53A10, 49Q05, 57N10

description: In this paper, we give several results on area minimizing surfaces in strictly mean convex 3-manifolds. First, we study the genus of absolutely area minimizing surfaces in a compact, orientable, strictly mean convex 3-manifold M bounded by a simple closed curve in the boundary of M. Our main result is that for any g>=0, the space of simple closed curves in the boundary of M where all the absolutely area minimizing surfaces they bound in M has genus >=g is open and dense in the space A of nullhomologous simple closed curves in the boundary of M. For showing this we prove a bridge principle for absolutely area minimizing surfaces. Moreover, we show that for any g>=0, there exists a curve in A such that the minimum genus of the absolutely area minimizing surfaces it bounds is exactly g. As an application of these results, we further prove that the simple closed curves in the boundary of M bounding more than one minimal surface in M is an open and dense subset of A. We also show that there are disjoint simple closed curves in the boundary of M bounding minimal surfaces in M which are not disjoint. This allows us to answer a question of Meeks, by showing that for any strictly mean convex 3-manifold M, there exists a simple closed curve Γin the boundary of M which bounds a stable minimal surface which is not embedded.
description: 35 pages, added a new section on applications to curves in R^3
Additional file 4 of Small RNA profiling for identification of microRNAs involved in regulation of seed development and lipid biosynthesis in yellowhorn
Creators: name: Wang, Li
name: Ruan, Chengjiang
name: Bao, Aomin
name: Li, He
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 4: Table S4. Species and abbreviations of the known miRNAs of yellowhorn.
YAPONIYANING IQTISODIY SALOHIYATI
Creators: name: Abdirahimov, Azamatbek
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Bugungi iqtisodiy va  siyosiy ziddiyatlar avj ola boshlagan bir , dunyoga hukmronlik qilishni ko'zda tutayotgan mamlakatlar paydo bo'lmoqda. Bu mamlakatlar orasida Yaponiya mamlakati o'zining iqtisodiyoti bilan dunyo siyosiy maydonida o'z ta'sirini o'tkazishga urinmoqda. Ushbu maqola , Yaponiya mamlakatini iqtisodiy rivojlanishi tarixi va strategiyalari hususida bo'ladi.