cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Casimir Force in a Lorentz Violating Theory
Creators: name: Frank, Mariana
name: Turan, Ismail
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effects of the minimal extension of the standard model including Lorentz violation on the Casimir force between two parallel conducting plates in vacuum. We provide explicit solutions for the electromagnetic field using scalar field analogy, for both the cases in which the Lorentz violating terms come from the CPT-even or CPT-odd terms. We also calculate the effects of the Lorentz violating terms for a fermion field between two parallel conducting plates and analyze the modifications of the Casimir force due to the modifications of the Dirac equation. In all cases under consideration, the standard formulas for the Casimir force are modified by either multiplicative or additive correction factors, the latter case exhibiting different dependence on the distance between the plates.
description: 20 pages, no figures, references added, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D
The relationship between acculturative stress and perceived locus of control expectancies in recently arrived refugees
Creators: name: Entin, Martha
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Refugees often experience traumatic life events causing loss of home, family members, and social support networks. The process of adjusting to a new culture challenges, confuses and often invalidates an individual's previous sense of identity status, and perceived level of control. The greater the disparity between the refugee culture and the new host culture, the greater the difficulty will be in the adjustment, contributing to acculturative stress (Berry, 1980; Pedersen, in press). How an individual responds to this situation of stress, may be influenced by their perceived locus of control. Cawte's Stress Inventory Scale (1972) was used to measure acculturative stress (Berry, Kim, Minde & Mok, 1987). Levenson's (1974) Internal Powerful Others and Chance Locus of Control Scales were used to measure internal and external locus of control. Four open-ended questions were included to provide information regarding areas of difficulty and sources of assistance. The population was selected from El Salvadoreans refugees, who have been living in the Greater Vancouver area. It was expected that perceived locus of control would correlate with levels of acculturative stress, and that differences between gender, age and education levels and levels of stress and locus of control would be discerned. Results of this study revealed that there were no significant differences between males and females in mean scores of acculturative stress and locus of control. Results of the correlation between acculturative stress and internal, powerful others and chance locus of control were not statistically significant. Contrary to the hypothesis regarding locus of control, eighty percent of the respondents recorded and Internal locus of control orientation. Results on the acculturative stress scale reported equally high mean scores for both males and females.
Taming the end-point singularities in heavy-to-light decays
Creators: name: Lee, Jong-Phil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is argued that there is a fundamental momentum cutoff in heavy-to-light transitions, which is caused by possible Cherenkov gluon radiation when an energetic light parton travels through the ''brown muck''. The soft-overlap contributions where the partonic momenta configuration is highly asymmetric are disfavored, and the problematic end-point singularities and the double countings are absent in this framework. A simple calculation with a natural scale for the cutoff gives a plausible result for the $B\toπ$ form factor.
description: 7 pages, 1 figure. Typos corrected; to appear in Phys. Rev. D (Rap. Comm.)
How well can we guess the outcome of measurements of non-commuting observables?
Creators: name: Khanahmadi, Maryam
name: Mølmer, Klaus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: According to Heisenberg's uncertainty relation, there is an ultimate limit to how precisely we may predict the outcome of position and momentum measurements on a quantum system. We show that this limit may be violated by an arbitrarily large factor if one aims, instead, to guess the unknown value of a past measurement. For experiments on a single quantum system, the precise assignment of past position and momentum measurement outcomes is accompanied by large uncertainty about their linear combinations, while we show that entanglement with an ancillary system permits accurate retrodiction of any such linear combination. Finally, we show that the outcomes of experiments that jointly measure multiple linear combinations of position and momentum observables by means of ancillary probe particles can also be guessed with no formal lower limit. We present quantitative results for projective measurements and for generalized measurements where all components are prepared in Gaussian states.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures
Fast global spectral methods for three-dimensional partial differential equations
Creators: name: Strössner, Christoph
name: Kressner, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65N35, 35C11, 47A80, 65F05, 65N25, 65M70

description: Global spectral methods offer the potential to compute solutions of partial differential equations numerically to very high accuracy. In this work, we develop a novel global spectral method for linear partial differential equations on cubes by extending ideas of Chebop2 [Townsend and Olver, J. Comput. Phys., 299 (2015)] to the three-dimensional setting utilizing expansions in tensorized polynomial bases. Solving the discretized PDE involves a linear system that can be recast as a linear tensor equation. Under suitable additional assumptions, the structure of these equations admits for an efficient solution via the blocked recursive solver [Chen and Kressner, Numer. Algorithms, 84 (2020)]. In the general case, when these assumptions are not satisfied, this solver is used as a preconditioner to speed up computations.
Translation as social policy: quality management in public service interpreting and translation
Creators: name: Moreno-Rivero, Javier
Publisher: name: MEITS
Year: 2020

description: Translation is an essential tool in diverse societies. As language conflicts grow within certain sectors of the population, translation and interpreting contribute to bridging the communication gap within multilingual nations. • Governmental social policies in the UK and Spain recognise the right to translation and interpreting in public settings, yet their implementation needs to be reinforced. • The provision of Public Service Interpreting and Translation (PSIT) has faced many challenges, and professionalisation is encouraged. The privatisation and outsourcing of court interpreting have proven to be detrimental to the profession. • In this paper, we call for close collaborations between governmental agencies and policymakers with translation organizations to ensure that the quality of PSIT is guaranteed.
Transverse loop oscillations via vortex shedding: a self oscillating process
Creators: name: Karampelas, Konstantinos
name: Van Doorsselaere, Tom
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Identifying the underlying mechanisms behind the excitation of transverse oscillations in coronal loops is essential for their role as diagnostic tools in coronal seismology and their potential use as wave heating mechanisms of the solar corona. In this paper, we explore the concept of these transverse oscillations being excited through a self-sustaining process, caused by Alfvénic vortex shedding from strong background flows interacting with coronal loops. We show for the first time in 3D simulations that vortex shedding can generate transverse oscillations in coronal loops, in the direction perpendicular to the flow due to periodic "pushing" by the vortices. By plotting the power spectral density we identify the excited frequencies of these oscillations. We see that these frequencies are dependent both on the speed of the flow, as well as the characteristics of the oscillating loop. This, in addition to the fact that the background flow is constant and not periodic, makes us treat this as a self-oscillating process. Finally, the amplitudes of the excited oscillations are near constant in amplitude, and are comparable with the observations of decay-less oscillations. This makes the mechanism under consideration a possible interpretation of these undamped waves in coronal loops.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in ApJL
First results from the Arecibo Galactic HI Survey: the disk/halo interface region in the outer Galaxy
Creators: name: Stanimirovic, Snezana
name: Putman, Mary
name: Heiles, Carl
name: Peek, Joshua E. G.
name: Goldsmith, Paul F.
name: Koo, Bon-Chul
name: Krco, Marko
name: Lee, Jae-Joon
name: Mock, Jeff
name: Muller, Erik
name: Pandian, Jagadheep D.
name: Parsons, Aaron
name: Tang, Yvonne
name: Werthimer, Dan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The consortium for Galactic studies with the Arecibo L-band Feed Array (ALFA) is conducting a neutral hydrogen (HI) survey of the whole Arecibo sky (declination range from -1 to 38 degrees), with high angular (3.5') and velocity resolution (0.2 km/s). The precursor observations with ALFA of a region in the Galactic anti-center reveal numerous isolated, small (a few pc in size), and cold (T_k<400 K) HI clouds at low negative velocities, distinctly separated from the HI disk emission (`low-velocity clouds', LVCs). These clouds are most likely located in the transition region between the Galactic disk and halo (at scale heights of 60--900 pc), yet they have properties of typical cold neutral clouds. LVCs are colder and, most likely, smaller and less massive than Lockman's clouds in the disk/halo interface region of the inner Galaxy. Our observations demonstrate that the cloudy structure of the interface region is most likely a general phenomenon, not restricted to the inner Galaxy. LVCs have sizes and radial velocities in agreement with the expectations for clouds formed in low-temperature fountain flows, although we measure a factor of ten higher HI column densities. Alternatively, LVCs could represent the final stages of the infalling intergalactic material in the on-going construction of the Galaxy. In the same dataset at higher negative velocities, we have discovered a `companion' HI cloud located 50' southwest of CHVC186+19-114. CHVC186+19-114 is a typical compact high velocity cloud (HVC) with a well-defined core/envelope structure. The companion cloud has a diameter of only 7'x9', and is one of the smallest HVCs known, most likely stripped from the main cloud through the interactions with the halo medium.
description: Accepted by Astrophysical Journal
Transcription of file 024_B (collection LA 256)
Creators: name: Parker, Verdena
name: Spence, Justin
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: hup

description: Audio files VP-090915-03 and VP-090915-04: transcription of file 024_B (tape 24, side B) from LA 256 (collection of recordings given to the Berkeley Language Center by Verdena),from 12:21 to 14:50 (VP-090915-03) and 14:50 to 17:52 (VP-090915-04); poor recording quality (possible microphone power supply issue). Due to re-numbering, tape 024_B has been assigned to the CLA item number LA256.024, audio file LA256.024B.
Ανάλυση χειραγώγησης αγορών ηλεκτρικής ενέργειας με ευφυείς πράκτορες
Creators: name: Τελλίδου, Αθηνά Χρ.
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2007
Subjects: Σιωπηρή συμπαιγνία
Παρακράτηση δυναμικού
Ευφυείς πράκτορες
Αλγόριθμος μάθησης Q-learning
Capacity withholding
Tacit collusion
Intelligent agents
Reinforcement learning
Q-learning algorithm

description: Η παρούσα διατριβή έχει ως στόχο τη μελέτη της συμπεριφοράς των παραγωγών σε μία απελευθερωμένη αγορά ηλεκτρικής ενέργειας και την ανάλυση φαινομένων χειραγώγησης της αγοράς, όπως η παρακράτηση δυναμικού και η σιωπηρή συμπαιγνία. Το πρόβλημα της μεγιστοποίησης των κερδών του παραγωγού προσεγγίζεται με τη βοήθεια της θεωρίας της ενισχυτικής μάθησης. Η συμπεριφορά του παραγωγού μοντελοποιείται με τον αλγόριθμο Q-learning και η πολιτική που χρησιμοποιείται, βασίζεται στο κριτήριο metropolis της προσομοίωσης ανάκτησης. Η αγορά ηλεκτρικής ενέργειας περιγράφεται με όρους θεωρίας παιγνίων και μοντελοποιείται η συμπεριφορά παικτών με τη βοήθεια του αλγόριθμου ενισχυτικής μάθησης. Επίσης, δίνεται μία συνοπτική περιγραφή της συνολικής διαδικασίας, η οποία ακολουθείται κατά τη διάρκεια των προσομοιώσεων, και παρατίθενται οι περιορισμοί του μοντέλου. Τέλος, παρουσιάζονται δύο παραδείγματα εφαρμογής του. Στο πρώτο παράδειγμα, χρησιμοποιείται ένα σύστημα δύο ζυγών και αναλύονται δύο περιπτώσεις, με δύο και οκτώ παραγωγούς, ενώ στο δεύτερο παράδειγμα αναλύεται ένα σύστημα πέντε ζυγών με πέντε παραγωγούς
description: The goal of the present doctoral thesis is the study of generators' behavior in a deregulated power market and the analysis of market power exercise phenomena, like capacity withholding and tacit collusion which can emerge in the market. The generator's profit maximization problem is approached through the scope of reinforcement learning theory. The generator's behavior is modeled with Q-learning algorithm, while the policy used is based as the metropolis criterion of simulated annealing. The power maket is described in terms of game theory and is modeled as a repeated game. The players' behavior is modeled the reinforcement learning algorithm. Further more, a brief description of the process followed during simulations is given, and the model limitations are cited. Finally, two examples are presented : one two-node system with two and eight generators and one five-node systems with five generators
The Extended HST Supernova Survey: The Rate of SNe Ia at z>1.4 Remains Low
Creators: name: Dahlen, Tomas
name: Strolger, Louis-Gregory
name: Riess, Adam G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the HST ACS imaging of the two GOODS fields during Cycles 11, 12, and 13 to derive the Type Ia supernova rate in four redshift intervals in the range 0.21.4 supports our previous result that there is a drop in the Type Ia supernova rate at high redshift, suggesting a long time delay between the formation of the progenitor star and the explosion of the supernova. If described by a simple one-parameter model, we find a characteristic delay time of 2-3 Gyr. However, a number of recent results based on e.g., low redshift supernova samples and supernova host galaxy properties suggest that the supernova delay time distribution is bimodal. In this model, a major fraction of the Type Ia supernova rate is 'prompt' and follows the star formation rate, while a smaller fraction of the rate has a long delay time, making this channel proportional to mass. While our results are fully consistent with the bimodal model at low redshifts, the low rate we find at z>1.4 appears to contradict these results. Models that corrects for star formation hidden by dust may explain at least part of the differences. Here we discuss this possibility together with other ways to reconcile data and models.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ
Variable-frequency-controlled coupling in charge qubit circuits: Effects of microwave field on qubit-state readout
Creators: name: He, Xiao-Ling
name: Liu, Yu-xi
name: You, J. Q.
name: Nori, Franco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To implement quantum information processing, microwave fields are often used to manipulate superconuducting qubits. We study how the coupling between superconducting charge qubits can be controlled by variable-frequency magnetic fields. We also study the effects of the microwave fields on the readout of the charge-qubit states. The measurement of the charge-qubit states can be used to demonstrate the statistical properties of photons.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures
Η έκτακτη αύξηση κεφαλαίου στην ανώνυμη εταιρία
Creators: name: Σιδηρόπουλος, Θεόδωρος Γ.
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2007
Subjects: Ανώνυμη εταιρία
Μετοχές
Company limited by shares
Shares

description: Η παρούσα διατριβή αναφέρεται στη διαδικασία έκτακτης αύξησης κεφαλαίου στην ανώνυμη εταιρία. Μελετάται ειδικότερα η διαδικασία λήψης της απόφασης και πραγματοποίησης της αύξησης μέσω της μελέτης των κυριότερων θεωρητικών και νομολογιακών προσεγγίσεων που υιοθετήθηκαν εν προκειμένω και της αξιοποίησης και ερμηνείας της εθνικής και κοινοτικής νομοθεσίας
description: This thesis concerns the increase of capital in companies by shares. Its mainly reffered to the process of decision making and issuing new shares. The most important law theories and cases of this field are presented as well as the national and european law
Mass corrections to the hard thermal/dense loops
Creators: name: Comadran, Marc
name: Manuel, Cristina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute corrections to the hard thermal (or dense) loop photon polarization tensor associated to a small mass $m$ of the fermions of an electromagnetic plasma at high temperature $T$ (or chemical potential $μ$). To this aim we use the on-shell effective field theory, amended with mass corrections. We also carry out the computation using transport theory, reaching to the same result. Interemediate steps in the computations reveal the presence of potential infrared divergencies. We use dimensional regularization, as it is respectful with the gauge symmetry, and then show that all infrared divergencies cancel in the final result. We compare the mass corrections with both the power and two-loop corrections, and claim that they are equally important if the mass is soft, that is, of order $e T$ (or $e μ$), where $e$ is the gauge coupling constant, but are dominat if the mass obeys $ e T < m \ll T $ (or $e μ< m \ll μ)$.
description: 16 pages, 1 figure
Additional file 1 of Health seeking behavior and associated factors among individuals with cough in Yiwu, China: a population-based study
Creators: name: Sun, Xiaoyan
name: Luo, Shuying
name: Lou, Lingqiao
name: Cheng, Hang
name: Ye, Zhen
name: Jia, Jianwei
name: Wei, Yina
name: Tao, Jingbo
name: He, Hanqing
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Questionnaire.
Phenomenology, Technology and Arts Education: Exploring the Pedagogical Possibilities of Two Multimedia Arts Inquiry Projects
Creators: name: van der Schyff, Dylan
Publisher: name: The University of Melbourne
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 360303
subject: Music education
classificationCode: 360302
subject: Music composition and improvisation
classificationCode: 360305
subject: Music technology and recording
classificationCode: 360399
subject: Music not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 390101
subject: Creative arts, media and communication curriculum and pedagogy
classificationCode: 360503
subject: Digital and electronic media art

description: The relevance of phenomenology for arts education is explored through two multimedia arts inquiry projects. I begin by offering a brief outline of what arts inquiry and phenomenology entail. Following this, I consider a phenomenological study relevant to creative multimedia studies, and develop the relationship between phenomenology, critical pedagogy, and creative praxis in the arts. Drawing on these ideas, I then discuss the processes involved in creating the multimedia projects and consider possibilities for similar projects in educational contexts. Most importantly, I attempt to show how such projects might open arts educators and students to more reflective, imaginative and participatory ways of being-in-the-world, while simultaneously developing deeper historical, cultural, technical, and aesthetic understandings of the art forms they are engaged with.Link to journal
Ragione pubblica e giustizia interspecifica: appunti per una teoria minimale dei diritti animali
Creators: name: Passoni, Andrea
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014

description: La teoria politica formulata da John Rawls, con le sue idee chiave di ragione pubblica, liberalismo politico e giustizia come equità, rappresenta senza dubbio una delle proposte più interessanti offerte dalla filosofia politica contemporanea. Com’è noto, tale concezione presenta però anche un notevole limite: quello di rimanere all’interno di un paradigma antropocentrico della giustizia. Il filosofo americano, infatti, non si è mai occupato approfonditamente della “questione animale”, e per quel poco che ne ha discusso lo ha fatto attraverso degli argomenti che hanno sollevato più di una perplessità.

Partendo da queste difficoltà, ma cercando di rimanere comunque all’interno dell’idea di liberalismo politico, nelle prossime pagine proverò a suggerire degli argomenti in favore dell’estensione della teoria rawlsiana oltre la specie umana. La strategia argomentativa che adotterò, tuttavia, non si baserà né sul cosiddetto “argomento della contingenza” né sul contrattualismo della posizione originaria, percorsi standard attraverso i quali generalmente si discute di giustizia interspecifica in termini rawlsiani, bensì si svilupperà attraverso la formulazione di un discorso politico pubblico costruito a partire da una rielaborazione del noto “principio del danno” suggerito oltre un secolo fa da John Stuart Mill. 

Nello specifico, il testo è diviso in tre parti. La prima è dedicata a una breve ricostruzione dei tratti principali del pensiero rawlsiano, e in particolare dell'idea di ragione pubblica. Nella seconda, cercando di argomentare nei termini prescritti da tale idea, sosterrò la tesi secondo cui tutti gli esseri capaci di un punto di vista interno dovrebbero essere considerati persone politiche, ovvero soggetti che “in qualche modo” rientrano nella sfera di giustizia. Su questa base, nella terza parte cercherò di individuare alcuni diritti fondamentali che una teoria ragionevole della giustizia dovrebbe assegnare a tutte le persone politiche: come tenterò di suggerire, anche se minimi tali diritti potrebbero comunque aiutarci a orientare il nostro giudizio in molti importanti casi in cui a essere in questione sono i rapporti tra umani e non.
Relationships between childhood victimization, self and world beliefs, and coping patterns in adult male undergraduates
Creators: name: Hayes, Sean Michael
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: In recent years, there has been an increased interest in broadening the study of sexual abuse to include male child victims and to investigating the well-being of male adults with a history of sexual abuse. The research is however primarily descriptive. This study applied a theoretical framework to the investigation of coping patterns amongst three groups of male undergraduate students (those with a history of childhood sexual abuse, those with a history of negative events other than sexual abuse, and those with a non-victimizing history) attending a large Canadian university and a large community college. One hundred and thirty-five male respondents (M age = 22.17 years) completed a survey regarding their self-worth, assumptions about the benevolence and meaningfulness of the world, degree of gender role stress, choice of coping strategies in interpersonal stressful situations, and history of negative childhood events. Thirteen respondents reported having been sexually abused as a child (9.63% of the total), 25 respondents reported having experienced victimizing events other than sexual abuse (18.52%), and 97 respondents reported no victimizing events (71.86%). Hierarchical multiple regression analyses were used to investigate the effect of the self and world assumptions, and gender role stress upon the relationship between victim status and the use of coping strategies in a interpersonal stressful situation. As hypothesized, there was a significant linear relationship between the schema and gender role stress scores, and the coping score, which accounted for 21% of the variance. Distortion in schematic patterns and high gender role stress distortion upon the relationship between victimization status and the use of maladaptive coping patterns, however did not arise. The findings contribute knowledge about the effect of undergraduate men's values and beliefs upon coping patterns.
A hemispheric two-channel code accounts for binaural unmasking in humans
Creators: name: Encke, Jörg
name: Dietz, Mathias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Sound in noise is better detected or understood if target and masking sources originate from different locations. Mammalian physiology suggests that the neurocomputational process that underlies this binaural unmasking is based on two hemispheric channels that encode interaural differences in their relative neuronal activity. Here, we introduce a mathematical formulation of the two-channel model - the complex-valued correlation coefficient. We show that this formulation quantifies the amount of temporal fluctuations in interaural differences, which we suggest underlie binaural unmasking. We applied this model to an extensive library of psychoacoustic experiments, accounting for 98% of the variance across eight studies. Combining physiological plausibility with its success in explaining behavioral data, the proposed mechanism is a significant step towards a unified understanding of binaural unmasking and the encoding of interaural differences in general.
New probability distributions in astrophysics: V. The truncated Weibull distribution
Creators: name: Zaninetti, Lorenzo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate that certain astrophysical distributions can be modelled with the truncated Weibull distribution, which can lead to some insights: in particular, we report the average value, the $r$th moment, the variance, the median, the mode, the generation of random numbers, and the evaluation of the two parameters with maximum likelihood estimators. The first application of the Weibull distribution is to the initial mass function for stars. The magnitude version of the Weibull distribution is applied to the luminosity function for the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) galaxies and to the photometric maximum of the 2MASS Redshift Survey (2MRS) galaxies. The truncated Weibull luminosity function allows us to model the average value of the absolute magnitude as a function of the redshift for the 2MRS galaxies.
description: 13 pages and 8 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1906.00739
Peer support interventions in maternal and child healthcare delivery in sub-Saharan Africa: protocol for a realist review
Creators: name: Dugle, Gordon
name: Antwi, John
name: Quentin, Wilm
Publisher: name: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit
subject: peer support
subject: maternal and child healthcare
subject: realist review
subject: complex intervention
subject: Sub-Saharan Africa

description: Background: Peer support has been proposed as a promising policy intervention for addressing adverse maternal and child healthcare (MCH) outcomes in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Existing reviews on peer support largely draw on evidence from high-income countries or focus on single services like breastfeeding, nutrition or postnatal care. In contrast, this review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the empirical literature on peer support interventions across various MCH services in sub-Saharan Africa. Specifically, we aim to understand how, why, for whom, and in what circumstances different forms of MCH peer support interventions contribute to improving healthcare outcomes in sub-Saharan Africa. Methods: This review follows five iterative steps for undertaking realist reviews (1) defining the review scope; (2) developing initial programme theories; (3) searching for evidence; (4) selecting and appraising evidence; and (5) extracting, analysing and synthesising evidence. Four databases–Cochrane Library, PubMed, CINAHL, and EMBASE–were repeatedly searched between March and June 2021. From a large volume of records retrieved from the database and citation search, 61 papers have been selected for review. We will conduct a second search of the same database covering June 2021 to the present before the final extraction and synthesis. The final list of selected papers will be imported into NVivo 12 software and organised, extracted, analysed and synthesised iteratively to examine and illustrate the causal links between contexts, mechanisms and outcomes of MCH peer support interventions in SSA. We have drawn on the existing literature on peer support in healthcare generally to develop initial programme theories. We will then use the empirical literature on MCH peer support interventions in SSA, inputs from a stakeholders’ workshop in Ghana and a conference presentation to refine the initial programme theory. Discussion: The review will develop an explicit theory of peer support intervention in healthcare delivery and provide insights for developing evidence-informed policy on the intervention. Drawing lessons from the different national contexts and diverse areas of MCH in SSA, the review will provide an analytically generalizable programme theory that can guide intervention design and implementation. While focusing on MCH peer support interventions in SSA, the review contributes to evolving conversations on the use of theory for health policy planning and complex intervention design and implementation globally. Trial registration: PROSPERO registration ID: CRD42023427751.
Fractal Properties of Anomalous Diffusion in Intermittent Maps
Creators: name: Korabel, Nickolay
name: Klages, Rainer
name: Chechkin, Aleksei V.
name: Sokolov, Igor M.
name: Gonchar, Vsevolod Yu.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An intermittent nonlinear map generating subdiffusion is investigated. Computer simulations show that the generalized diffusion coefficient of this map has a fractal, discontinuous dependence on control parameters. An amended continuous time random walk theory well approximates the coarse behavior of this quantity in terms of a continuous function. This theory also reproduces a full suppression of the strength of diffusion, which occurs at the dynamical phase transition from one type of diffusive behavior to another. Similarly, the probability density function of this map exhibits a nontrivial fine structure while its coarse functional form is governed by a time fractional diffusion equation. A more detailed understanding of the irregular structure of the generalized diffusion coefficient is provided by an anomalous Taylor-Green-Kubo formula establishing a relation to de Rham-type fractal functions.
description: 15 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication in PRE
Μελέτη της παρουσίας ιοντικών συστατικών στην αέρια και σωματιδιακή φάση στην ατμόσφαιρα και της απομάκρυνσής τους με υγρή και ξηρή απόθεηση
Creators: name: Ανατολάκη, Χρυσούλα Α.
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2007
Subjects: Ιοντικά(όξινα/αλκαλικά) συστατικά
Δακτυλοειδείς απογυμνωτές
Ταχύτητα απόθεσης σωματιδίων
Ionic(acidic/alkaline) constituents
Annular denunders
Deposition velocity of particles

description: Σκοπός της παρούσας διατριβής είναι η μελέτη της παρουσίας όξινων και αλκαλικών απομάκρυνσης τους μέσω της υγρής και ξηρής απόθεσης στις επικρατούσες καιρικές συνθήκες. Συγκεκριμένα, προσδιορίστηκαν οι συγκεντρώσεις βιοντικών συστατικών(Cl-, NO3-, SO4^(2), NH4+, Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+) σε όλες τις φάσεις, ενώ στην περίπτωση της βροχής και της αποτιθέμενης σκόνης προσδιορίστηκαν επιπλέον οι συγκεντρώσεις 8 μετάλλων(Al, Cd, Cr, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, Zn). Η συλλογή των αερίων και των σωματιδίων(PMs) πραγματοποιήθηκε χρησιμοποιώντας ένα σύστημα απογυμνωτών-φίλτρου, ενώ τα δείγματα της βροχής και της σκόνης συλλέχθηκαν με τη βοήθεια ενός αυτόματου δειγμαtoλήπτη υγρής/ξηρής απόθεσης. Στην αέρια και στη σωματιδιακή φάση της ατμόσφαιρας μελετήθηκε η κατανομή των κοινών συστατικών μεταξύ των δύο φάσεων και διερευνήθηκε η πιθανότητα σχηματισμού ορισμένων πτητικών(NH4NO3/NH4Cl) ή μη (NH4HSO4/(NH4)2SO4) στη σωματιδιακή φάση. Στη βροχή, στη σκόνη και στα σωματίδια προσδιορίστηκαν οι πιθανότερες πηγές εκπομπής ρύπων, ενώ μελετήθηκε και η διεργασία εξουδετερώσης της οξύτητας, που έδειξε ως κύρια συστατικά εξουδετέρωσης την NH3 και το CaCo3. Η διερεύνηση της προέλευσης των υπό μελέτη συστατικών στη σωματιδιακή φάση και στη βροχή(μέσω του μοντέλου HYSPLIT) έδειξε την πιθανή μεταφορά ρύπων από μεγάλη απόσταση. Η μελέτη της απομάκρυνσης των ιόντων και των μετάλλων από την ατμόσφαιρα περιλαμβάνει τον προσδιορισμό των ροών της υγρής και της ξηρής απόθεσης(άθροισμα απόθεσης και σωματιδίων) και την συνεισφορά της εκάστοτε διεργασίας. Σημαντική είναι η συνεισφορά των αερίων στην ολική ξηρή απόθεση, ενώ η επικρατέστερη διεργασία απομάκρυνσης για τα περισσότερα συστατικά είναι η υγρή απόθεση. Με τη βοήθεια ης ροής της ξηρής απόθεσης προσδιορίστηκαν οι ταχύτητες απόθεσης των σημαντικότερων συστατικών των σωματιδίων(N, S,Cl) και η σύγκρισή τους με βιβλιογραφικά δεδομένα έδειξε καλύτερη συμφωνία με τα δεδομένα των μοντέλων παρά από την χρήση τεχνικών υποκατάστασης επιφάνειας
description: The aim of this research was to investigate the presence of acidic and alkaline constituents in the gas and particulate phase of the atmosphere at an urban environment and their removal mechanisms, in the prevailing weather conditions, by wet and dry deposition. More precisely, the concentrations of 8 ionic constituents(Cl-, NO3-, SO4^(2-), NH4+, Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+) were determined in every phase. In addition, the concentrations of 8 trace metals (Al, Cd, Cr, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, Zn) were also determined in the case of rain and dust samples. The gas phase compounds(HCe, HNO3, SO2, NH3) were measured by an annular denuder system equipped with a backup filter for the collection of particles with diameter
Axial Anomaly in Galaxies and the Dark Universe
Creators: name: Meinert, Janning
name: Hofmann, Ralf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by the SU(2)$_{\rm CMB}$ modification of the cosmological model $Λ$CDM, we consider isolated fuzzy-dark-matter lumps, made of ultralight axion particles whose masses arise due to distinct SU(2) Yang-Mills scales and the Planck mass $M_P$. In contrast to SU(2)$_{\rm CMB}$, these Yang-Mills theories are in confining phases (zero temperature) throughout most of the Universe's history and associate with the three lepton flavours of the Standard Model of particle physics. As the Universe expands, axionic fuzzy dark matter comprises a three-component fluid which undergoes certain depercolation transitions when dark energy (a global axion condensate) is converted into dark matter. We extract the lightest axion mass $m_{a,e}= 0.675\times 10^{-23}\,$eV from well motivated model fits to observed rotation curves in low-surface-brightness galaxies (SPARC catalogue). Since the virial mass of an isolated lump solely depends on $M_P$ and the associated Yang-Mills scale the properties of an e-lump predict those of $μ$- and $τ$-lumps. As a result, a typical e-lump virial mass $\sim 6.3\times 10^{10}\,M_\odot$ suggests that massive compact objects in galactic centers such as Sagittarius A$^*$ in the Milky Way are (merged) $μ$- and $τ$-lumps. In addition, $τ$-lumps may constitute globular clusters. SU(2)$_{\rm CMB}$ is always thermalised, and its axion condensate never has depercolated. If the axial anomaly indeed would link leptons with dark matter and the CMB with dark energy then this would demystify the dark Universe through a firmly established feature of particle physics.
description: 21 pages, 11 figures; added references
Recurrent motions within plane Couette turbulence
Creators: name: Viswanath, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The phenomenon of bursting, in which streaks in turbulent boundary layers oscillate and then eject low speed fluid away from the wall, has been studied experimentally, theoretically, and computationally for more than 50 years because of its importance to the three-dimensional structure of turbulent boundary layers. We produce five new three-dimensional solutions of turbulent plane Couette flow, one of which is periodic while four others are relative periodic. Each of these five solutions demonstrates the break-up and re-formation of near-wall coherent structures. Four of our solutions are periodic but with drifts in the streamwise direction. More surprisingly, two of our solutions are periodic but with drifts in the spanwise direction, a possibility that does not seem to have been considered in the literature. We argue that a considerable part of the streakiness observed experimentally in the near-wall region could be due to spanwise drifts that accompany the break-up and re-formation of coherent structures. We also compute a new periodic solution of plane Couette flow that could be related to transition to turbulence.
Two regimes of confinement in photonic nanocavities: bulk confinement versus lightning rods
Creators: name: Albrechtsen, Marcus
name: Lahijani, Babak Vosoughi
name: Stobbe, Søren
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a theoretical study of dielectric bowtie cavities and show that they are governed by two essentially different confinement regimes. The first is confinement inside the bulk dielectric and the second is a local lightning-rod regime where the field is locally enhanced at sharp corners and may yield a vanishing mode volume without necessarily enhancing the mode inside the bulk dielectric. We show that while the bulk regime is reminiscent of the confinement in conventional nanocavities, the most commonly used definition of the mode volume gauges in fact the lightning-rod effect when applied to ultra-compact cavities, such as bowties. Distinguishing between these two regimes will be crucial for future research on nanocavities, and our insights show how to obtain strongly enhanced light-matter interaction over large bandwidths.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures, 39 references
Overview of Woodland Trust funded agroforestry schemes.
Creators: name: Chesshire, Helen
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Demonstration sites; tree planting; policy

description: Presentation given by Helen Chesshire of the Woodland Trust at the 2018 Farm Woodland Forum meeting held on 10-11th July at the Allerton Project, UK. Overview of Woodland Trust funded agroforestry schemes. Since 2013 the Woodland Trust has been offering farmers across the UK advice and subsidized trees & protection to help them set up small scale agroforestry schemes. Hear descriptions of the types of schemes that have been planted as well as the challenges and the rewards to date. With the development of a new land management policy post Brexit these demonstration schemes are proving to be very useful in bringing agroforestry to forefront of policy makers' minds. Hear our initial thought on how future schemes should support agroforestry and the role trees can play in supporting sustainable agriculture whilst delivering an array of public benefits.
Femtosecond laser Fourier transform absorption spectroscopy
Creators: name: Mandon, Julien
name: Guelachvili, Guy
name: Picqué, Nathalie
name: Druon, Frédéric
name: Georges, Patrick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A femtosecond mode-locked laser is used for the first time as a broadband infrared source for high resolution Fourier transform absorption spectroscopy. Demontration is made with a Cr^4+:YAG laser. The entire nu_1+nu_3 vibration-rotation band region of acetylene, observed after passing through a single pass 80-cm long cell, is simultaneously recorded between 1480 and 1600 nm, in 7.9 s with a signal to noise ratio equal to 1000. Two hot bands of the most abundant acetylene isotopologue and the n1+n3 band of the ^13C^12CH_2 are also present. The noise equivalent absorption coefficient at one second averaging is equal to 7 10^{-7} cm^{-1}.Hz^{-1/2} per spectral element.
description: Optics letters in press, in press (2007) in press
VVV survey near-infrared colour catalogue of known variable stars
Creators: name: Herpich, Fábio R.
name: Lopes, Carlos E. Ferreira
name: Saito, Roberto K.
name: Minniti, Dante
name: Ederoclite, Alessandro
name: Ferreira, Thiago S.
name: Catelan, Marcio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. The Vista Variables in the Via Lactea (VVV) near-infrared variability survey explores some of the most complex regions of the Milky Way bulge and disk in terms of high extinction and high crowding. Aims. We add a new wavelength dimension to the optical information available at the American Association of Variable Star Observers International Variable Star Index (VSX-AAVSO) catalogue to test the VVV survey near-infrared photometry to better characterise these objects. Methods. We cross-matched the VVV and the VSX-AAVSO catalogues along with Gaia Data Release 2 photometry and parallax. Results. We present a catalogue that includes accurate individual coordinates, near-infrared magnitudes (ZY JHKs), extinctions Aks, and distances based on Gaia parallaxes. We also show the near-infrared CMDs and spatial distributions for the different VSX types of variable stars, including important distance indicators, such as RR Lyrae, Cepheids, and Miras. By analysing the photometric flags in our catalogue, we found that about 20% of the stars with measured and verified variability are flagged as non-stellar sources, even when they are outside of the saturation and/or noise regimes. Additionally, we pair-matched our sample with the VIVA catalogue and found that more than half of our sources are missing from the VVV variability list, mostly due to observations with low signal-to-noise ratio or photometric problems with a low percentage due to failures in the selection process. Conclusions. Our results suggest that the current knowledge of the variability in the Galaxy is biased to nearby stars with low extinction. The present catalogue also provides the groundwork for characterising the results of future large variability surveys such as the Vera C. Rubin Observatory Legacy Survey of Space and Time in the highly crowded and reddened regions of the Galactic plane, as well as follow-up campaigns for
description: 14 pages, 9 figures, A&A accepted
Χρήση των ασαφών κανόνων στη διαχείριση υδατικών πόρων-εφαρμογών στην υδρολογική λεκάνη Βόλβης
Creators: name: Μπαλλάς, Λεωνίδας Γ.
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2007
Subjects: Ασαφείς κανόνες
Υδρολογία
Fuzzy rules
Hydrology

description: Στη συγκεκριμένη διατριβή επιχειρείται η ποιοτική διαχείριση των υδατικών πόρων της υπολεκάνης Βόλβης με χρήση των ασαφών συστημάτων κανόνων. Η θεωρία της ασαφούς λογικής αποτελεί ένα εργαλείο το οποίο βρήκε εφαρμογή στο χώρο της Υδρολογίας και της διαχείρισης των υδατικών πόρων την τελευταία μόλις δεκαετία. Γίνεται αναλυτική περιγραφή του μαθηματικού υποβάθρου της ασαφούς λογικής και των ασαφών συστημάτων κανόνων. Στη συνέχεια εξετάζεται η δυνατότητα των ασαφών συστημάτων κανόνων στην ανάκτηση βροχομετρικών και θερμοκρασιακών δεδομένων ενός μετεωρολογικού σταθμού μέσω μιας σειράς δοκιμαστικών εφαρμογών. Τα δεδομένα αυτά αποτελούν τη βάση για οποιαδήποτε μελέτη υδρολογίας. Ο λόγος για τον οποίο έγιναν οι δοκιμαστικές εφαρμογές ήταν η γνώση εκ των προτέρων ότι ανάλογα προβλήματα αντιμετωπίζουν οι σταθμοί της περιοχής μελέτης. Με βάση την εμπειρία που απαιτήθηκε υπολογίζονται οι τιμές βροχόπτωσης και θερμοκρασίας για τα έτη 1980-2003 των σταθμών της περιοχής. Τέλος υπολογίζεται το υδατικό ισοζύγιο της υπολεκάνης Βόλβης για τη περίοδο μελέτης και γίνεται η προσομοίωση της λίμνης με τα ασαφή συστήματα και χρήση δύο ασαφών υποθέσεων
description: At the particular thesis is attempted the quantitative water management of lake Volvi subbasin, using fuzzy logic theory has been applied in hydrology and water management the last decade. It is consisely fuzzy logic and fuzzy rule system mathematical ground. Afterwards is examined fuzzy rule system capability in recovering missing rainfall and temperature date of a meteorological station through a series of trial applications. These data consist the base of every hydrological study. This was done because there is lack of available data for Mygdonia basin meteorological stations, which is the study area. Based on the experience obtained from the trial applications, are calculated the missing rainfall and temperature values of the stations that exist in the study area from 1980-2003. finally was calculated the water budget of lake Volvi subbasin, for this time period was simulated water level fluctuation using fuzzy rule systems with two fuzzy premises
Εξόρυξη χρηματοοικονομικών δεδομένων με εφαρμογή στη λογιστική
Creators: name: Κύρκος, Ευστάθιος Γ.
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2007
Subjects: Χρηματοοικονομικά
Finance

description: Στην παρούσα διδακτορική διατριβή αναπτύσσονται μοντέλα ικανά να κατηγοριοποιούν επιχειρήσεις. Η ακτηγοριοποίηση αφορά ζητούμενα της ελεγκτικής. Τα ζητούμενα αυτά είναι ο εντοπισμός παραποιημένων χρηματοοικονομικών καταστάσεων, η πρόβλεψη των επιχειρήσεων που λαμβάνουν αρνητικά σχόλια από τους εξωτερικούς ελεγκτές και τέλος η πρόβλεψη του τύπου του εξωτερικού ελεγκτή. Η ανάπτυξη των μοντέλων γίνεται με εφαρμογή μεθόδων εξόρυξης δεδομένων
description: In this Phd thesis are developed models capable of classyfing companies. The classification concerns with auditing related problems. These problems are the detection of fraudulent financial statements, the prediction of the type of the external auditor. The models are developed by employing data mining methodologies