cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Interaction of the branes in the Presence of the Background Fields: the Dynamical Non-intersecting Perpendicular Wrapped-Fractional Configuration
Creators: name: Maghsoodi, Elham
name: Kamani, Davoud
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We shall obtain the interaction of the D$p_1$- and D$p_2$-branes in the toroidal-orbifold spacetime $\mathit{T}^{n}\times\mathbb{R}^{1, d-n-5} \times\mathbb{C}^{2}/\mathbb{Z}_{2}$. The configuration of the branes is: non-intersecting, perpendicular, moving-rotating, wrapped-fractional with background fields. For this, we calculate the bosonic boundary state corresponding to a dynamical fractional-wrapped D$p$-brane in presence of the Kalb-Ramond field, a $U(1)$ gauge potential and an open string tachyon field. The long-range behavior of the interaction amplitude will be extracted.
description: 13 pages, Latex2e, no figure. Minor corrections to Eqs. (3.3) and (3.5)
Distinguishing Between Photoionized and Collisionally Ionized Gas in the Circumgalactic Medium
Creators: name: Strawn, Clayton
name: Roca-Fàbrega, Santi
name: Primack, Joel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Most studies of highly ionized plasmas have historically assumed ions are either in photoionization equilibrium, PIE, or collisional ionization equilibrium, CIE, sometimes including multiple phases with different relevant mechanisms. Simulation analysis packages, on the other hand, tend to use precomputed ion fraction tables which include both mechanisms, among others. Focusing on the low-density, high temperature phase space likely to be most relevant in the circumgalactic medium, in this work we show that most ions can be classified as 'PI' or 'CI' on an ion-by-ion basis. This means that for a cloud at a particular point in phase space, some ions will be created primarily by PI and others by CI, with other mechanisms playing only very minor roles. Specifically, we show that ions are generally CI if the thermal energy per particle is greater than $\sim6$\% of their ionization energy, and PI otherwise. We analyse the accuracy of this ansatz compared to usual PIE/CIE calculations, and show the surprisingly minor dependence of this conclusion on redshift and ionizing background.
description: 12 pages, accepted by MNRAS
Salle landaise : première tuhére (trompe d’appel) vue de face
Creators: name: Musée National Des Arts Et Traditions Populaires (Paris)
name: Centre D'ethnologie Française
Publisher: name: École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales; Institut  interdisciplinaire d'anthropologie du contemporain (Paris); Laboratoire d'anthropologie et d'histoire de l'institution de la culture (Paris)
Year: 2022

Abstract
Salle landaise : première tuhére (trompe d’appel) vue de l'embouchure
Creators: name: Musée National Des Arts Et Traditions Populaires (Paris)
name: Centre D'ethnologie Française
Publisher: name: École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales; Institut  interdisciplinaire d'anthropologie du contemporain (Paris); Laboratoire d'anthropologie et d'histoire de l'institution de la culture (Paris)
Year: 2022

Abstract
Structural evolution of CO2 filled pure silica LTA zeolite under high-pressure high-temperature conditions
Creators: name: Perez, David Santamaria
name: Marqueno, Tomas
name: MacLeod, Simon
name: Fuertes, Javier Ruiz
name: Daisenberger, Dominik
name: Jordan, Raquel Chulia
name: Errandonea, Daniel
name: Jorda, Jose Luis
name: Rey, Fernando
name: McGuire, Chris
name: Mahkluf, Adam
name: Kavner, Abby
name: Popescu, Catalin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The crystal structure of CO2 filled pure SiO2 LTA zeolite has been studied at high pressures and temperatures using synchrotron based x ray powder diffraction. Its structure consists of 13 CO2 guest molecules, 12 of them accommodated in the large alpha cages and 1 in the beta cages, giving a SiO2:CO2 stoichiometric ratio smaller than 2. The structure remains stable under pressure up to 20 GPa with a slight pressure dependent rhombohedral distortion, indicating that pressure induced amorphization is prevented by the insertion of guest species in this open framework. The ambient-temperature lattice compressibility has been determined. In situ high pressure resistive heating experiments up to 750 K allow us to estimate the thermal expansivity at 5 GPa. Our data confirm that the insertion of CO2 reverses the negative thermal expansion of the empty zeolite structure. No evidence of any chemical reaction was observed. The possibility of synthesizing a silicon carbonate at high temperatures and higher pressures is discussed in terms of the evolution of C-O and Si-O distances between molecular and framework atoms.
description: 29 pages, 9 figures, 5 tables
Higgs mechanism and cosmological constant in $N=1$ supergravity with inflaton in a vector multiplet
Creators: name: Aldabergenov, Yermek
name: Ketov, Sergei V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The $N=1$ supergravity models of cosmological inflation with inflaton belonging to a massive vector multiplet and spontaneous SUSY breaking after inflation are reformulated as the supersymmetric $U(1)$ gauge theories of a massless vector superfield interacting with the Higgs and Polonyi chiral superfields, all coupled to supergravity. The $U(1)$ gauge sector is identified with the $U(1)$ gauge fields of the super-GUT coupled to supergravity, whose gauge group has a $U(1)$ factor. A positive cosmological constant (dark energy) is included. The scalar potential is calculated, and its de Sitter vacuum solution is found to be stable.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures, LaTeX2e; minor extension of the title, the footnote 3, and the conclusion
An Interdisciplinary Perspective on Evaluation and Experimental Design for Visual Text Analytics: Position Paper
Creators: name: Kucher, Kostiantyn
name: Sultanum, Nicole
name: Daza, Angel
name: Simaki, Vasiliki
name: Skeppstedt, Maria
name: Plank, Barbara
name: Fekete, Jean-Daniel
name: Mahyar, Narges
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Appropriate evaluation and experimental design are fundamental for empirical sciences, particularly in data-driven fields. Due to the successes in computational modeling of languages, for instance, research outcomes are having an increasingly immediate impact on end users. As the gap in adoption by end users decreases, the need increases to ensure that tools and models developed by the research communities and practitioners are reliable, trustworthy, and supportive of the users in their goals. In this position paper, we focus on the issues of evaluating visual text analytics approaches. We take an interdisciplinary perspective from the visualization and natural language processing communities, as we argue that the design and validation of visual text analytics include concerns beyond computational or visual/interactive methods on their own. We identify four key groups of challenges for evaluating visual text analytics approaches (data ambiguity, experimental design, user trust, and "big picture" concerns) and provide suggestions for research opportunities from an interdisciplinary perspective.
description: Published in Proceedings of the 2022 IEEE Workshop on Evaluation and Beyond - Methodological Approaches to Visualization (BELIV '22). ACM 2012 CCS: Human-centered computing, Visualization, Visualization design and evaluation methods
Quantifying nonclassicality by characteristic functions
Creators: name: Ryl, S.
name: Sperling, J.
name: Vogel, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we use the characteristic function, i.e., the Fourier transform of the Glauber-Sudarshan phase-space distribution, to find the degree of nonclassicality of a given state. This degree of nonclassicality quantifies the nonclassicality in terms of quantum superpositions. We demonstrate two ways to determine or to estimate the degree of nonclassicality by studying the properties of the characteristic functions. The developed criteria are applied to two examples of squeezed states undergoing a classical mixing or a nonclassical superposition with vacuum.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures
Superconductivity in the twisted bilayer transition metal dichalcogenide WSe${}_2$ : a quantum cluster study
Creators: name: Bélanger, Mathieu
name: Fournier, Jérôme
name: Sénéchal, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The observation of flat energy bands in transition metal dichalcogenide bilayers such as twisted WSe${}_2$ makes those materials interesting prospects for reproducing the behavior observed in graphene-based systems. We use an effective Hubbard model providing a description of twisted WSe${}_2$ to explore the presence of superconductivity, which was previously reported in experiments. Using both the variational cluster approximation and cluster dynamical mean-field theory, we predict the existence of chiral supercondictivity of type $d\pm id$ that can be tuned by the twist angle and by the application of a perpendicular displacement field, in both electron- and hole-doped systems.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
Simulating the inflationary Universe: from single-field to the axion-U(1) model
Creators: name: Caravano, Angelo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a nonlinear study of the inflationary epoch based on numerical lattice simulations. Lattice simulations are a well-known tool in primordial cosmology, and they have been extensively used to study the reheating epoch after inflation. We generalize this known machinery to the inflationary epoch. Being this the first simulation of the inflationary epoch much before the end of inflation, the first part of the thesis focuses on the minimal single-field model of inflation. We discuss the conceptual and technical ingredients needed to simulate inflation on a lattice. The simulation is used to reproduce the nearly scale-invariant spectrum of scalar perturbations, as well as the oscillations in the power spectrum caused by a step in the potential. In the second part, we focus on the more complicated axion-U(1) model of inflation and present the first lattice simulation of this model during the deep inflationary epoch. We use the simulation to discover new properties of primordial scalar perturbations from this model. In the linear regime of the theory, we find high-order non-Gaussianity (beyond trispectrum) to be key to describing the statistical properties of scalar perturbations. Conversely, we find perturbations to be nearly Gaussian in the nonlinear regime of the theory. This relaxes existing constraints from the overproduction of primordial black holes, allowing for a gravitational waves signal in the observable range of upcoming experiments such as LISA. Our results show that lattice simulations can be a powerful tool to study the inflationary epoch and its observational signatures.
description: PhD thesis; 111 pages; Papers associated: arXiv:2102.06378, arXiv:2110.10695, arXiv:2204.12874; added references and corrected typos in the second version
Giant Planar Hall Effect in Topological Metals
Creators: name: Burkov, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Much excitement has been generated recently by the experimental observation of the chiral anomaly in condensed matter physics. This manifests as strong negative longitudinal magnetoresistance and has so far been clearly observed in Na$_3$Bi, ZrTe$_5$, and GdPtBi. In this work we point out that the chiral anomaly must lead to another effect in topological metals, that has been overlooked so far: Giant Planar Hall Effect (GPHE), which is the appearance of a large transverse voltage when the in plane magnetic field is not aligned with the current. Moreover, we demonstrate that the GPHE is closely related to the angular narrowing of the negative longitudinal magnetoresistance signal, observed experimentally.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, published version
Field-free anomalous junction and superconducting diode effect in spin split superconductor/topological insulator junctions
Creators: name: Kokkeler, Tim
name: Bergeret, F. Sebastián
name: Golubov, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the transport properties of a diffusive Josephson junction between two spin-split superconductors made of superconductor-ferromagnetic insulator bilayers (FIS) on top of a 3D topological insulator (TI). We derive the corresponding Usadel equation describing the quasiclassical Green's functions in these systems and first solve the equation analytically in the weak-proximity case. We demonstrate the appearance of an anomalous phase in the absence of an external magnetic field. We also explore non-reciprocal electronic transport. Specifically, we calculate the junction's diode efficiency $η$ by solving the Usadel equation. We obtain a sizable diode effect even at zero applied magnetic field. We discuss how the diode efficiency $η$ depends on the different parameters and find a non-monotonic behavior of $η$ with temperature.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures
Convergence condition of simulated quantum annealing for closed and open systems
Creators: name: Kimura, Yusuke
name: Nishimori, Hidetoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Simulated quantum annealing is a generic classical protocol to simulate some aspects of quantum annealing and is sometimes regarded as a classical alternative to quantum annealing in finding the ground state of a classical Ising model. We derive a generic condition for simulated quantum annealing to converge to thermal equilibrium at a given, typically low, temperature. Both closed and open systems are treated. We rewrite the classical master equation for simulated quantum annealing into an imaginary-time Schrödinger equation, to which we apply the imaginary-time variant of asymptotic adiabatic condition to deduce the convergence condition. The result agrees qualitatively with a rigorous convergence condition of simulated quantum annealing for closed systems, which was derived from the theory of inhomogeneous Markov process. Also observed is qualitative agreement with a rigorous convergence condition of quantum annealing for closed systems under the real-time Schrödinger dynamics. This coincidence of convergence conditions for classical stochastic processes for simulated quantum annealing and the real-time quantum dynamics for quantum annealing is highly non-trivial and calls for further scrutiny.
description: 10 pages. Added references
Salle landaise : premier pihure (trompe d’appel), vue de l'embouchure
Creators: name: Musée National Des Arts Et Traditions Populaires (Paris)
name: Centre D'ethnologie Française
Publisher: name: École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales; Institut  interdisciplinaire d'anthropologie du contemporain (Paris); Laboratoire d'anthropologie et d'histoire de l'institution de la culture (Paris)
Year: 2022

Abstract
Salle landaise : vue de la tchalemine (cornemuse) sur le panneau des instruments de musique
Creators: name: Musée National Des Arts Et Traditions Populaires (Paris)
name: Centre D'ethnologie Française
Publisher: name: École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales; Institut  interdisciplinaire d'anthropologie du contemporain (Paris); Laboratoire d'anthropologie et d'histoire de l'institution de la culture (Paris)
Year: 2022

Abstract
Roger Lestage essayant la boha de son père, Germain Lestage
Creators: name: Musée National Des Arts Et Traditions Populaires (Paris)
name: Centre D'ethnologie Française
Publisher: name: École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales; Institut  interdisciplinaire d'anthropologie du contemporain (Paris); Laboratoire d'anthropologie et d'histoire de l'institution de la culture (Paris)
Year: 2022

Abstract
Salle landaise : premier pihure (trompe d’appel), vue du pavillon
Creators: name: Musée National Des Arts Et Traditions Populaires (Paris)
name: Centre D'ethnologie Française
Publisher: name: École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales; Institut  interdisciplinaire d'anthropologie du contemporain (Paris); Laboratoire d'anthropologie et d'histoire de l'institution de la culture (Paris)
Year: 2022

Abstract
Salle landaise : deuxième tuhére (trompe d’appel) vue de l'embouchure
Creators: name: Musée National Des Arts Et Traditions Populaires (Paris)
name: Centre D'ethnologie Française
Publisher: name: École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales; Institut  interdisciplinaire d'anthropologie du contemporain (Paris); Laboratoire d'anthropologie et d'histoire de l'institution de la culture (Paris)
Year: 2022

Abstract
Anomalous Josephson effect in planar noncentrosymmetric superconducting devices
Creators: name: Hasan, Jaglul
name: Nesterov, Konstantin N.
name: Li, Songci
name: Houzet, Manuel
name: Meyer, Julia S.
name: Levchenko, Alex
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In two-dimensional electron systems with broken inversion and time-reversal symmetries, a Josephson junction reveals an anomalous response: the supercurrent is nonzero even at zero phase difference between two superconductors. We consider details of this peculiar phenomenon in the planar double-barrier configurations of hybrid circuits, where the noncentrosymmetric normal region is described in terms of the paradigmatic Rashba model of spin-orbit coupling. We analyze this anomalous Josephson effect by means of both the Ginzburg-Landau formalism and the microscopic Green's functions approach in the clean limit. The magnitude of the critical current is calculated for an arbitrary in-plane magnetic field orientation, and anomalous phase shifts in the Josephson current-phase relation are determined in terms of the parameters of the model in several limiting cases.
description: Spin-Coherent Phenomena in Semiconductors: Physical Review B special issue in honor of E. I. Rashba [10 pages, 5 figures]
Artificial Intelligence-Powered Cyber Attacks: Adversarial Machine Learning
Creators: name: Mohammed, Anwar
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 461101
subject: Adversarial machine learning

description: Advances in digital technology and the rise of cyber threats have created an increasingly complex cybersecurity environment. Using more cloud services and connected devices has allowed enterprises to increase the attack surface, growing systems' susceptibility to hacking. The current study aims to investigate artificial intelligence-driven (AI) cyberattacks targeting devices studying enemies. Reviewing adversary machine learning insights reveals critical weaknesses in AI design and the vulnerability of adversary attacks to affect images, leading to misclassification and security threats. Case studies like the Microsoft Tay chatbot tragedy and the Tesla Model S attack proved these vulnerabilities -Apart from how world applications undermine public security and trust in AI systems, the implications for society and the economy happened as emphasis needs to be placed on addressing ethical issues such as bias and privacy when implementing AI in cybersecurity. The study suggests that organizations should adopt adversarial training to increase the robustness of the machine learning model against adversary attacks. Similarly, moral explanation requires multiple approaches. International companies must understand cybersecurity legislation, including EU and UK legislation, to develop effective breach response strategies. The study recommends that organizations adopt a multifaceted approach to enhance defences against adversarial attacks, including updating models with adversarial examples, regularization, developing anomaly detection systems, and addressing bias and privacy concerns.
On higher-dimensional superintegrable systems: A new family of classical and quantum Hamiltonian models
Creators: name: Rodriguez, Miguel A.
name: Tempesta, Piergiulio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 70H06

description: We introduce a family of $n$-dimensional Hamiltonian systems which, contain, as special reductions, several superintegrable systems as the Tremblay-Turbiner-Winternitz system, a generalized Kepler potential and the anisotropic harmonic oscillator with Rosochatius terms. We conjecture that there exist special values in the space of parameters, apart from those leading to known cases, for which this new Hamiltonian family is superintegrable.
description: 9 pages, no figures
Two New Calcium-Rich Gap Transients in Group and Cluster Environments
Creators: name: Lunnan, R.
name: Kasliwal, M. M.
name: Cao, Y.
name: Hangard, L.
name: Yaron, O.
name: Parrent, J. T.
name: McCully, C.
name: Gal-Yam, A.
name: Mulchaey, J. S.
name: Ben-Ami, S.
name: Filippenko, A. V.
name: Fremling, C.
name: Fruchter, A. S.
name: Howell, D. A.
name: Koda, J.
name: Kupfer, T.
name: Kulkarni, S. R.
name: Laher, R.
name: Masci, F.
name: Nugent, P. E.
name: Ofek, E. O.
name: Yagi, M.
name: Yan, Lin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the Palomar Transient Factory discoveries and the photometric and spectroscopic observations of PTF11kmb and PTF12bho. We show that both transients have properties consistent with the class of calcium-rich gap transients, specifically lower peak luminosities and rapid evolution compared to ordinary supernovae, and a nebular spectrum dominated by [Ca II] emission. A striking feature of both transients is their host environments: PTF12bho is an intra-cluster transient in the Coma Cluster, while PTF11kmb is located in a loose galaxy group, at a physical offset ~150 kpc from the most likely host galaxy. Deep Subaru imaging of PTF12bho rules out an underlying host system to a limit of $M_R > -8.0$ mag, while Hubble Space Telescope imaging of PTF11kmb reveals a marginal counterpart that, if real, could be either a background galaxy or a globular cluster. We show that the offset distribution of Ca-rich gap transients is significantly more extreme than that seen for Type Ia supernovae or even short-hard gamma-ray bursts (sGRBs). Thus, if the offsets are caused by a kick, they require larger kick velocities and/or longer merger times than sGRBs. We also show that almost all Ca-rich gap transients found to date are in group and cluster environments with elliptical host galaxies, indicating a very old progenitor population; the remote locations could partially be explained by these environments having the largest fraction of stars in the intra-group/intra-cluster light following galaxy-galaxy interactions.
description: Matches published version. Minor changes to previous version following referee report; conclusions unchanged
WebCrowds: An Authoring Tool for Crowd Simulation
Creators: name: Silva, Gabriel
name: Knob, Paulo
name: Montanha, Rubens
name: Musse, Soraia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Crowd simulation is an area of research largely used in the game industry. From the movement of a single NPC to the movement of an entire army, crowd simulation methods can be used to move agents through the environment while avoiding collisions with obstacles and between each other. Thus, it is important that game developers have access to crowd simulation tools that are both powerful and easy to use. In this paper, we present WebCrowds, an authoring tool for crowd simulation which can be used by anyone to build environments and simulate the movement of agents. The results achieved by our research suggest that WebCrowds is easy to use, delivers trustworthy simulation results, and can be used as an authoring tool for game developers who need to simulate crowds in their games.
description: Accepted on the 2022 Brazilian Symposium on Games and Digital Entertainment (SBGames 2022 - https://sbgames.org/sbgames2022/). 7 pages, 4 figures, conference
Salle landaise : second pihure (trompe d’appel), vue de l'embouchure
Creators: name: Musée National Des Arts Et Traditions Populaires (Paris)
name: Centre D'ethnologie Française
Publisher: name: École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales; Institut  interdisciplinaire d'anthropologie du contemporain (Paris); Laboratoire d'anthropologie et d'histoire de l'institution de la culture (Paris)
Year: 2022

Abstract
Optical and structural study of the pressure-induced phase transition of CdWO$_4$
Creators: name: Ruiz-Fuertes, J.
name: Friedrich, A.
name: Errandonea, D.
name: Segura, A.
name: Morgenroth, W.
name: Rodriguez-Hernandez, P.
name: Muñoz, A.
name: Meng, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The optical absorption of CdWO$_4$ is reported at high pressures up to 23 GPa. The onset of a phase transition was detected at 19.5 GPa, in good agreement with a previous Raman spectroscopy study. The crystal structure of the high-pressure phase of CdWO$_4$ was solved at 22 GPa employing single-crystal synchrotron x-ray diffraction. The symmetry changes from space group $P$2/$c$ in the low-pressure wolframite phase to $P2_1/c$ in the high-pressure post-wolframite phase accompanied by a doubling of the unit-cell volume. The octahedral oxygen coordination of the tungsten and cadmium ions is increased to [7]-fold and [6+1]-fold, respectively, at the phase transition. The compressibility of the low-pressure phase of CdWO$_4$ has been reevaluated with powder x-ray diffraction up to 15 GPa finding a bulk modulus of $B_0$ = 123 GPa. The direct band gap of the low-pressure phase increases with compression up to 16.9 GPa at 12 meV/GPa. At this point an indirect band gap crosses the direct band gap and decreases at -2 meV/GPa up to 19.5 GPa where the phase transition starts. At the phase transition the band gap collapses by 0.7 eV and another direct band gap decreases at -50 meV/GPa up to the maximum measured pressure. The structural stability of the post-wolframite structure is confirmed by \textit{ab initio} calculations finding the post-wolframite-type phase to be more stable than the wolframite at 18 GPa. Lattice dynamic calculations based on space group $P2_1/c$ explain well the Raman-active modes previously measured in the high-pressure post-wolframite phase. The pressure-induced band gap crossing in the wolframite phase as well as the pressure dependence of the direct band gap in the high-pressure phase are further discussed with respect to the calculations.
description: 9 pages, 9 figures
Singular connection approach to topological phases and resonant optical responses
Creators: name: Mera, Bruno
name: Ozawa, Tomoki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a class of singular connections as an alternative to the Berry connection for any family of quantum states defined over a parameter space. We find a natural application of the singular connection in the context of transition dipoles between two bands. We find that the shift vector is nothing but the difference between the singular connection and the connection induced from the Berry connections of involved bands; the gauge invariance of the shift vector is transparent from this expression. We show, using singular connections, that the topological invariant in two dimensions associated with optical transitions between the two bands can be computed, by means of this connection, by algebraically counting the points in the zero locus of a transition dipole matrix element of the two bands involved. It follows that this invariant provides a natural topological lower bound on the number of momenta in the Brillouin zone for which an electron cannot be excited from one Bloch band to the other by absorbing a photon.
description: 16 pages (including Appendix), 3 figures; closer to published version
Scalable and efficient separation of hydrogen isotopes using graphene-based electrochemical pumping
Creators: name: Lozada-Hidalgo, M.
name: Zhang, S.
name: Hu, S.
name: Esfandiar, A.
name: Grigorieva, I. V.
name: Geim, A. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Thousands of tons of isotopic mixtures are processed annually for heavy-water production and tritium decontamination. The existing technologies remain extremely energy intensive and require large capital investments. New approaches are needed to reduce the industry's footprint. Recently, micron-size crystals of graphene were shown to act as efficient sieves for hydrogen isotopes pumped through graphene electrochemically. Here we report a fully-scalable approach, using graphene obtained by chemical vapor deposition, which allows a proton-deuteron separation factor of ca. 8, despite cracks and imperfections. The energy consumption is projected to be orders of magnitude smaller with respect to existing technologies. A membrane based on 30 m2 of graphene, a readily accessible amount, could provide a heavy-water output comparable to that of modern plants. Even higher efficiency is expected for tritium separation. With no fundamental obstacles for scaling up, the technology's simplicity, efficiency and green credentials call for consideration by the nuclear and related industries.
Salle landaise : troisième tuhére (trompe d’appel) vue de face
Creators: name: Musée National Des Arts Et Traditions Populaires (Paris)
name: Centre D'ethnologie Française
Publisher: name: École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales; Institut  interdisciplinaire d'anthropologie du contemporain (Paris); Laboratoire d'anthropologie et d'histoire de l'institution de la culture (Paris)
Year: 2022

Abstract
gSuite: A Flexible and Framework Independent Benchmark Suite for Graph Neural Network Inference on GPUs
Creators: name: Tekdoğan, Taha
name: Göktaş, Serkan
name: Yilmazer-Metin, Ayse
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Performance (cs.PF)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: As the interest to Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) is growing, the importance of benchmarking and performance characterization studies of GNNs is increasing. So far, we have seen many studies that investigate and present the performance and computational efficiency of GNNs. However, the work done so far has been carried out using a few high-level GNN frameworks. Although these frameworks provide ease of use, they contain too many dependencies to other existing libraries. The layers of implementation details and the dependencies complicate the performance analysis of GNN models that are built on top of these frameworks, especially while using architectural simulators. Furthermore, different approaches on GNN computation are generally overlooked in prior characterization studies, and merely one of the common computational models is evaluated. Based on these shortcomings and needs that we observed, we developed a benchmark suite that is framework independent, supporting versatile computational models, easily configurable and can be used with architectural simulators without additional effort. Our benchmark suite, which we call gSuite, makes use of only hardware vendor's libraries and therefore it is independent of any other frameworks. gSuite enables performing detailed performance characterization studies on GNN Inference using both contemporary GPU profilers and architectural GPU simulators. To illustrate the benefits of our new benchmark suite, we perform a detailed characterization study with a set of well-known GNN models with various datasets; running gSuite both on a real GPU card and a timing-detailed GPU simulator. We also implicate the effect of computational models on performance. We use several evaluation metrics to rigorously measure the performance of GNN computation.
description: IEEE International Symposium on Workload Characterization (IISWC) 2022
The string of diamonds is nearly tight for rumour spreading
Creators: name: Angel, Omer
name: Mehrabian, Abbas
name: Peres, Yuval
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: C.2.1; G.2.2; G.3

description: For a rumour spreading protocol, the spread time is defined as the first time that everyone learns the rumour. We compare the synchronous push&pull rumour spreading protocol with its asynchronous variant, and show that for any $n$-vertex graph and any starting vertex, the ratio between their expected spread times is bounded by $O \left({n}^{1/3}{\log^{2/3} n}\right)$. This improves the $O(\sqrt n)$ upper bound of Giakkoupis, Nazari, and Woelfel (in Proceedings of ACM Symposium on Principles of Distributed Computing, 2016). Our bound is tight up to a factor of $O(\log n)$, as illustrated by the string of diamonds graph. We also show that if for a pair $α,β$ of real numbers, there exists infinitely many graphs for which the two spread times are $n^α$ and $n^β$ in expectation, then $0\leqα\leq 1$ and $α\leq β\leq \frac13 + \frac23 α$; and we show each such pair $α,β$ is achievable.
description: Will be presented at RANDOM'2017 conference. 14 pages, Theorem 2.5 added in this version
Roger Lestage tenant la boha de son père, Germain Lestage
Creators: name: Musée National Des Arts Et Traditions Populaires (Paris)
name: Centre D'ethnologie Française
Publisher: name: École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales; Institut  interdisciplinaire d'anthropologie du contemporain (Paris); Laboratoire d'anthropologie et d'histoire de l'institution de la culture (Paris)
Year: 2022

Abstract
Roger Lestage tenant le pihet (pied) de la boha (cornemuse) de son père, Germain Lestage
Creators: name: Musée National Des Arts Et Traditions Populaires (Paris)
name: Centre D'ethnologie Française
Publisher: name: École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales; Institut  interdisciplinaire d'anthropologie du contemporain (Paris); Laboratoire d'anthropologie et d'histoire de l'institution de la culture (Paris)
Year: 2022

Abstract
Probing the two Higgs doublet wedge region with charged Higgs boson decays to boosted jets
Creators: name: Pedersen, Keith
name: Sullivan, Zack
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two Higgs doublet extensions of the standard model, such as supersymmetry, predict the existence of charged Higgs bosons. We explore the reach for TeV-scale charged Higgs bosons through their associated production with top quarks, and their decay to boosted top jets and $μ_x$ tagged boosted bottom jets, at a 14 TeV CERN Large Hadron Collider and at a 100 TeV Future Circular Collider. In particular, we show the moderate $\tanβ$ "wedge" region of parameter space cannot be probed at the Large Hadron Collider for TeV-scale $H^\pm$ because the cross section is too small. However, a 100 TeV future proton collider can close the wedge region below 2 TeV, and search for $H^\pm$ up to 6 TeV.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures (2 new references)
Swarm Learning for Humans and Artificial Intelligence Systems Collaboration: Essentials and the HumAIne Approach
Creators: name: Soldatos, John
name: Fatouros, George
name: Papadopoulou, Elina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Swarm Learning is a decentralized approach to machine learning, inspired by swarm intelligence seen in nature. It enables real-time collaboration between humans and AI, combining human intuition with AI's analytical power to improve decision-making. This approach has practical applications in fields like healthcare and finance, where it enhances diagnostic accuracy and predictive analytics. Despite challenges such as coordination complexity and ethical concerns, Swarm Learning holds promise for scalable, secure, and efficient human-AI collaboration, as demonstrated in the HumAIne project’s real-world use cases.
Frustrated spin-1/2 molecular magnetism in the mixed-valence antiferromagnets Ba3MRu2O9 (M = In, Y, Lu)
Creators: name: Ziat, D.
name: Aczel, A. A.
name: Sinclair, R.
name: Chen, Q.
name: Zhou, H. D.
name: Williams, T. J.
name: Stone, M. B.
name: Verrier, A.
name: Quilliam, J. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have performed magnetic susceptibility, heat capacity, muon spin relaxation, and neutron scattering measurements on three members of the family Ba3MRu2O9, where M = In, Y and Lu. These systems consist of mixed-valence Ru dimers on a triangular lattice with antiferromagnetic interdimer exchange. Although previous work has argued that charge order within the dimers or intradimer double exchange plays an important role in determining the magnetic properties, our results suggest that the dimers are better described as molecular units due to significant orbital hybridization, resulting in one spin-1/2 moment distributed equally over the two Ru sites. These molecular building blocks form a frustrated, quasi-two-dimensional triangular lattice. Our zero and longitudinal field muSR results indicate that the molecular moments develop a collective, static magnetic ground state, with oscillations of the zero field muon spin polarization indicative of long-range magnetic order in the Lu sample. The static magnetism is much more disordered in the Y and In samples, but they do not appear to be conventional spin glasses.
Additional file 1 of Safety and accuracy of digitally supported primary and secondary urgent care telephone triage in England: an observational study using routine data
Creators: name: Sexton, Vanashree
name: Grimley, Catherine
name: Dale, Jeremy
name: Atherton, Helen
name: Abel, Gary
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Supplementary Material 1
Salle landaise : deuxième tuhére (trompe d’appel) vue de face
Creators: name: Musée National Des Arts Et Traditions Populaires (Paris)
name: Centre D'ethnologie Française
Publisher: name: École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales; Institut  interdisciplinaire d'anthropologie du contemporain (Paris); Laboratoire d'anthropologie et d'histoire de l'institution de la culture (Paris)
Year: 2022

Abstract
Benchmark calculations for electron-impact excitation of Mg$^{4+}$
Creators: name: Wang, K.
name: Fernández-Menchero, L.
name: Zatsarinny, O.
name: Bartschat, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There are major discrepancies between recent B-spline R-matrix (BSR) and Dirac Atomic R-matrix Code (DARC) calculations regarding electron-impact excitation rates for transitions in Mg$^{4+}$, with claims that the DARC calculations are much more accurate. To identify possible reasons for these discrepancies and to estimate the accuracy of the various results, we carried out independent BSR calculations with the same 86 target states as in the previous calculations, but with a different and more accurate representation of the target structure. We find close agreement with the previous BSR results for the majority of transitions, thereby confirming their accuracy. At the same time the differences with the DARC results are much more pronounced. The discrepancies in the final results for the collision strengths are mainly due to differences in the structure description, specifically the inclusion of correlation effects, and due to the likely occurrence of pseudoresonances. To further check the convergence of the predicted collision rates, we carried out even more extensive calculations involving 316 states of Mg$^{4+}$. Extending the close-coupling expansion results in major corrections for transitions involving the higher-lying states and allows us to assess the likely uncertainties in the existing datasets.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures, 1 table. Online material
Additional file 2 of Immune microenvironment spatial landscapes of tertiary lymphoid structures in gastric cancer
Creators: name: Xie, Yi
name: Peng, Haoxin
name: Hu, Yajie
name: Jia, Keren
name: Yuan, Jiajia
name: Liu, Dan
name: Li, Yanyan
name: Feng, Xujiao
name: Li, Jian
name: Zhang, Xiaotian
name: Sun, Yu
name: Shen, Lin
name: Chen, Yang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 2: Table S1. Summary of recurrence and distant metastasis in stage I–III patients (N=16). Table S2. The baseline characteristics of 110 gastric adenocarcinoma patients. Table S3. The baseline characteristics of gastric adenocarcinoma patients in spatial transcriptomic cohort (N=2). Table S4. The baseline characteristics of gastric adenocarcinoma patients in single-cell sequencing cohort (N=12). Table S5. Summary of primary antibodies and secondary antibody used for multiplex immunohistochemistry.
Finite-size corrections in the random assignment problem
Creators: name: Caracciolo, Sergio
name: D'Achille, Matteo P.
name: Malatesta, Enrico M.
name: Sicuro, Gabriele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analytically derive, in the context of the replica formalism, the first finite size corrections to the average optimal cost in the random assignment problem for a quite generic distribution law for the costs. We show that, when moving from a power-law distribution to a $Γ$ distribution, the leading correction changes both in sign and in its scaling properties. We also examine the behavior of the corrections when approaching a $δ$-function distribution. By using a numerical solution of the saddle-point equations, we provide predictions that are confirmed by numerical simulations.
description: 16 pages, 4 figures
Roger Lestage accordant la boha (cornemuse) de son père, Germain Lestage
Creators: name: Musée National Des Arts Et Traditions Populaires (Paris)
name: Centre D'ethnologie Française
Publisher: name: École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales; Institut  interdisciplinaire d'anthropologie du contemporain (Paris); Laboratoire d'anthropologie et d'histoire de l'institution de la culture (Paris)
Year: 2022

Abstract
Investigation into the limits of perturbation theory at low Q^2 using HERA deep inelastic scattering data
Creators: name: Abt, I.
name: Cooper-Sarkar, A. M.
name: Foster, B.
name: Myronenko, V.
name: Wichmann, K.
name: Wing, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A phenomenological study of the final combined HERA data on inclusive deep inelastic scattering (DIS) has been performed. The data are presented and investigated for a kinematic range extending from values of the four-momentum transfer, $Q^2$, above 10$^4$ GeV$^2$ down to the lowest values observable at HERA of $Q^2$ = 0.045 GeV$^2$ and Bjorken $x$, $x_{\rm Bj}$ = 6 $\cdot$ 10$^{-7}$. The data are well described by fits based on perturbative quantum chromodynamics (QCD) using collinear factorisation and evolution of the parton densities encompassed in the DGLAP formalism from the highest $Q^2$ down to $Q^2$ of a few GeV$^2$. The Regge formalism can describe the data up to $Q^2 \approx$ 0.65 GeV$^2$. The complete data set can be described by a new fit using the ALLM parameterisation. The region between the Regge and the perturbative QCD regimes is of particular interest.
description: 38 pages, 13 figures
Thermal energy budget of electrons in the inner heliosphere: Parker Solar Probe Observations
Creators: name: Abraham, Joel B.
name: Verscharen, Daniel
name: Wicks, Robert T.
name: Rueda, Jefferson A. Agudelo
name: Owen, Christopher J.
name: Nicolaou, Georgios
name: Jeong, Seong-Yeop
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an observational analysis of the electron thermal energy budget using data from Parker Solar Probe. We use the macroscopic moments, obtained from our fits to the measured electron distribution function, to evaluate the thermal energy budget based on the second moment of the Boltzmann equation. We separate contributions to the overall budget from reversible and irreversible processes. We find that an irreversible thermal energy source must be present in the inner heliosphere over the heliocentric distance range from 0.15 to 0.47 au. The divergence of the heat flux is positive at heliocentric distances below 0.33 au, while beyond 0.33 au, there is a measurable degradation of the heat flux. Expansion effects dominate the thermal energy budget below 0.3 au. Under our steady-state assumption, the free streaming of the electrons is not sufficient to explain the observed thermal energy density budget. We conjecture that the most likely driver for the required heating process is turbulence. Our results are consistent with the known nonadiabatic polytropic index of the electrons, which we measure as 1.18 in the explored range of heliocentric distances.
Linked Data Generation for Adaptive Learning Analytics Systems
Creators: name: Lieber, Sven
name: De Meester, Ben
name: Dimou, Anastasia
name: Verborgh, Ruben
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: RDF
Learning Analytics
xapi
Provenance
W3C PROV

description: The poster to the LILE workshop paper with the same name at WebScience 2018