cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Elementary excitations in dipolar spin-1 Bose-Einstein condensates
Creators: name: Huhtamäki, J. A. M.
name: Kuopanportti, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have numerically solved the low-energy excitation spectra of ferromagnetic Bose-Einstein condensates subject to dipolar interparticle interactions. The system is assumed to be harmonically confined by purely optical means, thereby maintaining the spin degree of freedom of the condensate order parameter. Using a zero-temperature spin-1 model, we solve the Bogoliubov excitations for different spin textures, including a spin-vortex state in the absence of external magnetic fields and a rapidly rotating polarized spin texture in a finite homogeneous field. In particular, we consider the effect of dipolar interactions on excitations characteristic of ferromagnetic condensates. The energies of spin waves and magnetic quadrupole modes are found to increase rapidly with the dipolar coupling strength, whereas the energies of density oscillations change only slightly.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
Remote Sensing of Local Warming and Its Application Over Alberta
Creators: name: Rahaman, Khan Rubayet
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: climate change
subject: air temperature normal
subject: earth observation
subject: data fusion
subject: MODIS
subject: Landsat
subject: Urban and Regional Planning
subject: FOS: Social and economic geography
subject: Remote Sensing
subject: Engineering--Environmental

description: The effects of a changing climate (i.e., temperature in particular) vary and will continue to vary significantly from global to local level. Changes of temperature at global and regional scale are somehow defined by using several models and simulations. However, temperature change at local scales (i.e., community or local government level) are not well defined and needs particular attention to address future adaptation policies in the face of climate change. For instance, this thesis is built on a hypothesis that temperature does vary locally in comparison to the predicted models at the regional and global scales. To address this critical issue, this study sets up the goal to delineate local warming maps using satellite-borne remote sensing data at 15 m spatial resolution. In doing so, firstly, 1 km spatial resolution warming map is prepared in the whole province of Alberta for 1961-2010 time period using MODIS-derived 8-days composite images at 1 km spatial resolution. Secondly, to enhance the spatial resolution of derived 1 km warming map, data fusion technique is used from Landsat-8 OLI-derived data to generate high spatial resolution EVI, NDVI, and NDWI. Finally, long-term warming trend map is produced at 15m spatial resolution to represent the changes of temperature normals (i.e., 1961-2010 time period) as a final outcome. Results have demonstrated that the proposed methods of delineating high spatial resolution local warming map has strong accuracy while comparing with the climate station-derived temperature data (r2 = 0.80 in case of 1961-1990; and r2 = 0.78 in case of 1981-2010). Similarly, while comparing the results of warming trend maps derived at 1 km and 15 m spatial resolution, outcomes have proved strong relationship too (r2 = 0.96 in case of 1961-1990; r2 = 0.95 in case of 1981-2010). Finally, this study explicitly brings the notion that of local level warming map can be produced at high spatial resolution and can be critical for local governments to initiate future policies depending on evidence in future climate change adaptation planning.
Alterations of slow and fast rod ERG signals in patients with molecularly confirmed Stargardt disease type 1 (STGD1)
Creators: name: Scholl, H. P. N.
name: Besch, D.
name: Vonthein, R.
name: Weber, Bernhard H. F.
name: Apfelstedt-Sylla, E.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin

description: purpose. To investigate the slow and fast rod signals of the scotopic 15-Hz flicker ERG in patients with molecularly confirmed Stargardt disease type I (STGD1). There is evidence that these slow and the fast rod ERG signals can be attributed to the rod bipolar–AII cell pathway and the rod–cone coupling pathway, respectively. methods. Twenty-seven patients with STGD1 with mutations in both alleles of the ABCA4 gene were included. Scotopic ERG response amplitudes and phases to flicker intensities ranging from −3.37 to −0.57 log scotopic troland · sec (log scot td · sec) were measured at a flicker frequency of 15 Hz. In addition, scotopic standard ERGs were obtained. Twenty-two normal subjects served as controls. results. The amplitudes of both the slow and fast rod ERG signals were significantly reduced in the STGD1 group. The phases of the slow rod signals lagged significantly, whereas those of the fast rod signals did not. The standard scotopic ERG did not reveal significant alterations. conclusions. The results provide evidence that a defective ABCA4 transporter can functionally affect both the rod bipolar–AII cell pathway and the rod–cone coupling pathway. In STGD1, the scotopic 15-Hz flicker ERG may reveal subtle abnormalities at different sites within the rod system that remain undetected by standard ERG techniques.
The job creating machine
Creators: name: Chichilnisky, Graciela
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2004
Subjects: Economics

description: Creating new jobs is critical in an election year. If people vote with their pockets, then the job issue will decide the fate of the coming presidential election. In a jobless recovery, employment is a measure of economic prosperity, and the trump card that could decide the leadership of the nation and its future.
Effect of Acute, Subacute, and Repeated Exposure to High Altitude (5050 m) on Psychomotor Vigilance
Creators: name: Pun, Matiram
name: Hartmann, Sara E.
name: Furian, Michael
name: Dyck, Adrienna M.
name: Muralt, Lara
name: Lichtblau, Mona
name: Bader, Patrick R.
name: Ulrich, Silvia
name: Bloch, Konrad E.
name: Rawling, Jean M.
name: Poulin, Marc J.
Publisher: name: Frontiers in Physiology
Year: 2018

description: Aim: High altitude (HA) hypoxia may affect cognitive performance and sleep quality. Further, vigilance is reduced following sleep deprivation. We investigated the effect on vigilance, actigraphic sleep indices, and their relationships with acute mountain sickness (AMS) during very HA exposure, acclimatization, and re-exposure. Methods: A total of 21 healthy altitude-naive individuals (25 ± 4 years; 13 females) completed 2 cycles of altitude exposure separated by 7 days at low altitude (LA, 520 m). Participants slept at 2900 m and spent the day at HA, (5050 m). We report acute altitude exposure on Day 1 (LA vs. HA1) and after 6 days of acclimatization (HA1 vs. HA6). Vigilance was quantified by reaction speed in the 10-min psychomotor vigilance test reaction speed (PVT-RS). AMS was evaluated using the Environmental Symptoms Questionnaire Cerebral Score (AMS-C score). Nocturnal rest/activity was recorded to estimate sleep duration using actigraphy. Results: In Cycle 1, PVT-RS was slower at HA1 compared to LA (4.1 ± 0.8 vs. 4.5 ± 0.6 s-1, respectively, p = 0.029), but not at HA6 (4.6 ± 0.7; p > 0.05). In Cycle 2, PVT-RS at HA1 (4.6 ± 0.7) and HA6 (4.8 ± 0.6) were not different from LA (4.8 ± 0.6, p > 0.05) and significantly greater than corresponding values in Cycle 1. In both cycles, AMS scores were higher at HA1 than at LA and HA6 (p < 0.05). Estimated sleep durations (TST) at LA, 1st and 5th nights were 431.3 ± 28.7, 418.1 ± 48.6, and 379.7 ± 51.4 min, respectively, in Cycle 1 and they were significantly reduced during acclimatization exposures (LA vs. 1st night, p > 0.05; LA vs. 5th night, p = 0.012; and 1st vs. 5th night, p = 0.054). LA, 1st and 5th nights TST in Cycle 2 were 477.5 ± 96.9, 430.9 ± 34, and 341.4 ± 32.2, respectively, and we observed similar deteriorations in TST as in Cycle 1 (LA vs. 1st night, p > 0.05; LA vs. 5th night, p = 0.001; and 1st vs. 5th night, p < 0.0001). At HA1, subjects who reported higher AMS-C scores exhibited slower PVT-RS (r = -0.56; p < 0.01). Subjects with higher AMS-C scores took longer time to react to the stimuli during acute exposure (r = 0.62, p < 0.01) during HA1 of Cycle 1. Conclusion: Acute exposure to HA reduces the PVT-RS. Altitude acclimatization over 6 days recovers the reaction speed and prevents impairments during subsequent altitude re-exposure after 1 week spent near sea level. However, acclimatization does not lead to improvement in total sleep time during acute and subacute exposures.
INCREASING FARM EFFICIENCY THROUGH IMPROVING MARKETING STRATEGIES IN THE AGRICULTURAL SECTOR
Creators: name: Nazarova, Gulruh
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: This article examines the importance of improving farm efficiency by improving marketing strategies in the agricultural sector. The weak development and ineffective implementation of marketing strategies in agriculture reduces the competitiveness of many farms and reduces their adaptability to market demands. The article shows ways to improve farmers' efficiency by using modern marketing methods, including market analysis, product branding, digital marketing and online trading platforms. It also emphasizes the importance of market segmentation, in-depth analysis of consumer needs and correct pricing of products. According to the results of the study, improving marketing strategies of farms can increase their market share, sell products at competitive prices and ensure economic sustainability. The article provides practical recommendations for farmers and can help them develop their marketing activities.
Compact Stars, Heavy Ion Collisions, and Possible Lessons For QCD at Finite Densities
Creators: name: Klahn, Thomas
name: Blaschke, David
name: Lastowiecki, Rafal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Large neutron star masses as the recently measured $1.97\pm0.04$ M$_\odot$ for PSR J1614-2230 provide a valuable lower limit on the stiffness of the equation of state of dense, nuclear and quark matter. Complementary, the analysis of the elliptic flow in heavy ion collisions suggests an upper limit on the EoS stiffness. We illustrate how this dichotomy permits to constrain parameters of effective EoS models which otherwise could not be derived unambiguously from first principles.
description: 16 pages, 7 figures, 1 table Proceedings contribution for 'HIC for FAIR Workshop and XXVIII Max Born Symposium Satellite meeting for QM 2011' in Wroc{\l}aw, Poland
A Comparison of Thin-Client Computing Architectures
Creators: name: Nieh, Jason
name: Yang, S. Jae
name: Novik, Naomi
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2000
Subjects: Computer science

description: Thin-client computing offers the promise of easier-to-maintain computational services with reduced total cost of ownership. The recent and growing popularity of thin-client systems makes it important to develop techniques for analyzing and comparing their performance, to assess the general feasibility of the thin-client computing model, and to determine the factors that govern the performance of these architectures. To assess the viability of the thin-client computing model, we measured the performance of five popular thin-client platforms running over a wide range of network access bandwidths. Our results show that current thin-client solutions generally work well in a LAN environment, but their performance degrades significantly when they are used in today's broadband environments. We also find that the efficiency of the thin-client protocols varies widely. In some cases, the efficiency of the thin client protocol for web applications is within a factor of two of standard web protocols, while others are 30 times more inefficient. We analyze the differences in the various approaches and explain the impact of the underlying remote display protocols on overall performance.
Seven Degrees of Separation in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks
Creators: name: Papadopouli, Maria
name: Schulzrinne, Henning G.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2000
Subjects: Computer science

description: We present an architecture that enables the sharing of information among mobile, wireless, collaborating hosts that experience intermittent connectivity to the Internet. Participants in the system obtain data objects from Internet-connected servers, cache them and exchange them with others who are interested in them. The system exploits the fact that there is a high locality of information access within a geographic area. It aims to increase the data availability to participants with lost connectivity to the Internet. We discuss the main components of the system and possible applications. Finally, we present simulation results that show that the ad hoc networks can be very effective in distributing popular information.
Observation of a rotational transition in trapped and sympathetically cooled molecular ions
Creators: name: Shen, J.
name: Borodin, A.
name: Hansen, M.
name: Schiller, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate rotational excitation of molecular ions that are sympathetically cooled by laser-cooled atomic ions to a temperature as low as ca. 10 mK. The molecular hydrogen ions HD+ and the fundamental rotational transition $(v=0,\, N=0)\rightarrow(v'=0,\, N'=1)$ at 1.3 THz, the most fundamental dipole-allowed rotational transition of any molecule, are used as a test case. This transition is here observed for the first time directly. Rotational laser cooling was employed in order to increase the signal, and resonance-enhanced multiphoton dissociation was used as detection method. The black-body-radiation-induced rotational excitation is also observed. The extension of the method to other molecular species is briefly discussed.
Serving datacube Tuples from Main Memory
Creators: name: Ross, Kenneth A.
name: Zaman, Kazi A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2000
Subjects: Computer science

description: Datacubes compute aggregates of a set of database records at a variety of different granularities. For large datasets with many dimensions, the complete datacube may be very large. In order to support on-line access to datacube results, one would like to perform some precomputation to enhance query performance. Existing schemes materialize selected datacube tuples on disk, choosing the most beneficial cuboids (i.e., combinations of dimensions) to materialize given a space limit. However, in the context of a data-warehouse receiving frequent "append" updates to the database, the cost of keeping these disk-resident cuboids up-to-date can be high. In this paper, we propose a main memory based framework which provides rapid response to queries and requires considerably less maintenance cost than a disk based scheme in an append-only environment. We materialize in main memory (a) selected coarse-granularity tuples of the datacube, and (b) all tuples at the finest level of granularity of the cube. Our approach is limited to applications in which the finest granularity tuples of the datacube fit in main memory. We argue that there are important applications that meet this requirement. Further, as main memory sizes grow over the coming years, more and more applications will meet this requirement. For a given datacube query, we first look among our coarse-granularity tuples to see if we have a direct answer for the query. If so, that answer is returned directly. If not, we use a hash based scheme reminiscent of partial match retrieval to rapidly compute the answer to the query from the finest-level data without having to scan all of the base tuples. Our in-memory data structures allow for rapid updates in response to the appearance of new base data. We show how to choose which coarse-level tuples to precompute, and how to select partial-match keys to minimize the effects of skew. We present analytical and experimental results demonstrating the benefits of our approach.
Two-Species Competition with Various Diffusion Strategies and Harvesting
Creators: name: Ilmer, Ilia
Publisher: name: Arts
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Education--Mathematics
subject: Biology

description: This work explores the influence of harvesting on the competition outcome in the two-species competition model with logistic growth law and different dispersal strategies. Both species are harvested proportionally to their intrinsic growth, but the harvesting effort may be different for the two species. In the absence of harvesting, the two competitors may coexist, and one can apply such "small enough" harvesting rate that the state of coexistence is conserved. In the situation, when, in the absence of harvesting, one population may drive the other into extinction, by applying harvesting to the "successful" species one can guarantee survival to its competitor. We provide estimates on harvesting bounds that would lead to a desired outcome, be it competitive exclusion or coexistence. The analytical conclusions are supported by the numerical simulations and visualizations.
Editorial
Creators: name: Keller, Anke
name: Sigelen, Alexander
Publisher: name: KULTEC – Magazin für Technik, Kultur und Museumsarbeit
Year: 2023

description: KULTEC – Magazin für Technik, Kultur und Museumsarbeit, Bd. 3 (2023): KULTEC – Magazin für Technik, Kultur und Museumsarbeit
Inhalt
Creators: name: Redaktion, Die
Publisher: name: KULTEC – Magazin für Technik, Kultur und Museumsarbeit
Year: 2023

description: KULTEC – Magazin für Technik, Kultur und Museumsarbeit, Bd. 3 (2023): KULTEC – Magazin für Technik, Kultur und Museumsarbeit
Can Market Failure Cause Political Failure?
Creators: name: Aney, Madhav S.
name: Ghatak, Maitreesh
name: Morelli, Massimo
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Economics
subject: Political science
subject: FOS: Political science

description: We study how inefficiencies of market failure may be further amplified by political choices made by interest groups created in the inefficient market. We take an occupational choice framework, where agents are endowed heterogeneously with wealth and talent. In our model, market failure due to unobservability of talent endogenously creates a class structure that affects voting on institutional reform. In contrast to the world without market failure where the electorate unanimously vote in favour of surplus maximising institutional reform, we find that the preferences of these classes are often aligned in ways that creates a tension between surplus maximising and politically feasible institutional reforms.
Techno-Economic Assessment of CAES Technologies in Enhanced Geothermal Systems (EGS) in Alberta
Creators: name: Rahmanifard, Hamid
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Renewable energies
subject: Geothermal
subject: Wind
subject: CAES
subject: LCOE
subject: Emission
subject: Economics
subject: Energy
subject: Engineering--Chemical
subject: Engineering--Environmental
subject: Engineering--Petroleum

description: Global warming, depletion of cheap fossil resources, and adherence to more stringent carbon emission policies dramatically increase the demand for low carbon and sustainable renewable energy sources. Wind and geothermal energy are two energy sources alternative to hydrocarbons that have gained wide interest for electricity generation in Alberta. However, the relatively high cost of geothermal energy and intermittent nature of wind power hinder their widespread use in Alberta. Research shows that the use of existing wells (inactive wells) and the conversion of them into Compressed Air Energy Systems (CAES) is a solution to the abovementioned problems. Therefore, in this work, we perform the techno-economic modelling of CAES and geothermal systems coupled with wind energy using new wells and existing wells scenarios for stable generation of electricity in Alberta. To evaluate the potential of CAES in Alberta, we simulate the non-isothermal flow of the injected fluid (water or air) in a typical hot dry rock (HDR) reservoir (with different thermal conductivities) using the simulator CMG STARS. Then, to compare the performance (electricity generation) of the power plants with different working fluids (air and water), we develop and employ an integrated VBA software to model three different types of CAES power plants (Huntorf power plant, Germany, McIntosh power plant, USA, and adiabatic-CAES power plant) with and without wind energy and simulate the conventional geothermal power plants (enhanced geothermal systems and hydrothermal reservoirs with binary and flash power plants). Furthermore, we incorporate an economic assessment by adding another module to the software for estimating the levelized cost of energy (LCOE) with three different approaches: fixed cost rate, EREE method, and discounted cash flow analysis. The results show that for both scenarios (with drilling new wells and with existing wells) wind/CAES-geothermal scenario with McIntosh technology has the lowest LCOE (10.5 ¢/kWh and 7.5 ¢/kWh, respectively) with the CO2 intensity of 0.09 ton-CO2/MWh. Additionally, running the discounted cash flow analysis for all scenarios with different technologies shows that only wind/CAES-geothermal scenario with McIntosh technology achieves the internal rate of return (IRR) 10% value (industrial benchmark) with the 2017 end-user electricity prices for residential and industrial sectors. Finally, building a power plant with new wells using the best scenario results in total GDP impacts of $1,239 and $1,386 million and creation of 5,540 and 6,842 jobs over a 10-year period in Alberta and Canada, respectively.
An Anti-attack Model Based on Complex Network Theory in P2P networks
Creators: name: Peng, Hao
name: Lu, Songnian
name: Zhao, Dandan
name: Zhang, Aixin
name: Li, Jianhua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Complex network theory is a useful way to study many real systems. In this paper, an anti-attack model based on complex network theory is introduced. The mechanism of this model is based on dynamic compensation process and reverse percolation process in P2P networks. The main purpose of the paper is: (i) a dynamic compensation process can turn an attacked P2P network into a power-law (PL) network with exponential cutoff; (ii) a local healing process can restore the maximum degree of peers in an attacked P2P network to a normal level; (iii) a restoring process based on reverse percolation theory connects the fragmentary peers of an attacked P2P network together into a giant connected component. In this way, the model based on complex network theory can be effectively utilized for anti-attack and protection purposes in P2P networks.
description: arXiv admin note: excessive text overlap with arXiv:cond-mat/0504185, without attribution
OʻZBEKISTON TOGʻLARIDA TARQALGAN JUNIPERUS TURKUMINING OʻSIMLIKLAR QOPLAMIDAGI OʻRNI VA AHAMIYATI
Creators: name: Mirrahimova, Nilufar
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: В данной статье анализируется роль и значение рода Juniperus (можжевельник) в растительном покрове горных регионов Узбекистана. Рассматриваются его экологические функции, вклад в сохранение биоразнообразия, а также экономическая и медицинская ценность. Также обсуждается необходимость охраны и устойчивого управления можжевеловыми лесами.
Nonperturbative Functional Renormalization Group for Random Field Models. III: Superfield formalism and ground-state dominance
Creators: name: Tissier, Matthieu
name: Tarjus, Gilles
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We reformulate the nonperturbative functional renormalization group for the random field Ising model in a superfield formalism, extending the supersymmetric description of the critical behavior of the system first proposed by Parisi and Sourlas [Phys. Rev. Lett. 43, 744 (1979)]. We show that the two crucial ingredients for this extension are the introduction of a weighting factor, which accounts for ground-state dominance when multiple metastable states are present, and of multiple copies of the original system, which allows one to access the full functional dependence of the cumulants of the renormalized disorder and to describe rare events. We then derive exact renormalization group equations for the flow of the renormalized cumulants associated with the effective average action.
description: 28 pages
Programmable Conference Server
Creators: name: Schulzrinne, Henning G.
name: Singh, Kundan
name: Wu, Xiaotao
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2004
Subjects: Computer science

description: Conferencing services for Internet telephony and multimedia can be enhanced by the integration of other Internet services, such as instant messaging, presence notification, directory lookups, location sensing, email and web. These services require a service programming architecture that can easily incorporate new Internet services into the existing conferencing functionalities, such as voice-enabled conference control. W3C has defined the Call Control eXtensible Markup Language (CCXML), along with its VoiceXML, for telephony call control services in a point-to-point call. However, it cannot handle other Internet service events such as presence enabled conferences. In this paper, we propose an architecture combining VoiceXML with our Language for End System Services (LESS) and the Common Gateway Interface (CGI) for multi-party conference service programming that integrates existing Internet services. VoiceXML provides the voice interface to LESS and CGI scripts. Our architecture enables many novel services such as conference setup based on participant location and presence status. We give some examples of the new services and describe our on-going implementation.
MOESM10 of A field-based modeling study on ecological characterization of hourly host-seeking behavior and its associated climatic variables in Aedes albopictus
Creators: name: Yin, Qingqing
name: Li, Li
name: Guo, Xiang
name: Wu, Rangke
name: Shi, Benyun
name: Wang, Yuji
name: Liu, Yingjie
name: Wu, Shang
name: Pan, Yicheng
name: Wang, Qi
name: Xie, Tian
name: Hu, Tian
name: Xia, Dan
name: Xia, Shang
name: Kambalame, Dzinkambani
name: Li, Wanyu
name: Song, Zhangyao
name: Zhou, Siyun
name: Deng, Ye
name: Xie, Yu
name: Zhou, Xiao-Nong
name: Wang, Chunmei
name: Chen, Xiao-Guang
name: Zhou, Xiaohong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 10: Table S7. Values of the Watanabe-Akaike information criterion (WAIC) for models used for the assessment of potential influential factors of Ae. albopictus for the period June-July 2018.
The NON-VON Supercomputer Project: Current Ideology and Three-Year Plan
Creators: name: Shaw, David Elliot
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1983
Subjects: Computer science

description: While we have learned a great deal during the first two years of the NON-VON Supercomputer Project, I am reluctant to commit myself at this point to anything that might be called a "position" regarding the direction and ultimate outcome of current research in the field of parallel architectures. In part, my hesitation reflects an appreciation for the difficulty of objectively assessing the state of the field as a whole while enmeshed in the "cult of personality" surrounding a particular machine. Fortunately, our local dogma has not yet become so rigid as to preclude the possibility of significant revisions of our beliefs in response to the experiences and ideas of our colleagues. At the same time, it is clear that our understanding of the essential issues of parallel machine design in general is colored by the particular challenges we have faced in the context of the NON-VON Project. In the following discussion, I will thus try to avoid any claims regarding the ideological correctness or historical inevitability of any of the architectural principles to which I now subscribe. In their place, I will attempt to list a few of our current architectural objectives, and to outline our tentative hardware implementation plans for the next three years. Software considerations will not be discussed in this document, despite the fact that they have occupied a large fraction of our time.
Progenitors of Recombining Supernova Remnants
Creators: name: Moriya, Takashi J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Usual supernova remnants have either ionizing plasma or plasma in collisional ionization equilibrium, i.e., the ionization temperature is lower than or equal to the electron temperature. However, the existence of recombining supernova remnants, i.e., supernova remnants with the ionization temperature higher than the electron temperature, is recently confirmed. One suggested way to have recombining plasma in a supernova remnant is to have a dense circumstellar medium at the time of the supernova explosion. If the circumstellar medium is dense enough, collisional ionization equilibrium can be established in the early stage of the evolution of the supernova remnant and subsequent adiabatic cooling which occurs after the shock wave gets out of the dense circumstellar medium makes the electron temperature lower than the ionization temperature. We study the circumstellar medium around several supernova progenitors and show which supernova progenitors can have a circumstellar medium which is dense enough to establish collisional ionization equilibrium soon after the explosion. We find that the circumstellar medium around red supergiants (especially massive ones) and the circumstellar medium which is dense enough to make Type IIn supernovae can establish collisional ionization equilibrium soon after the explosion and can evolve to recombining supernova remnants. Wolf-Rayet stars and white dwarfs have possibility to be recombining supernova remnants but the fraction is expected to be very small. As the occurrence rate of the explosions of red supergiants is much higher than that of Type IIn supernovae, the major progenitors of recombining supernova remnants are likely to be red supergiants.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, accepted by The Astrophysical Journal Letters
Children's Mental Health: What Every Policymaker Should Know
Creators: name: Stagman, Shannon M.
name: Cooper, Janice L.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: Public health
Child mental health
Child mental health services

description: Mental health is a key component in a child's healthy development; children need to be healthy in order to learn, grow, and lead productive lives. The mental health service delivery system in its current state does not sufficiently meet the needs of children and youth, and most who are in need of mental health services are not able to access them. With the addition of effective treatments, services, and supports, the mental health system can become better equipped to help children and youth with mental health problems, or those who are at risk, to thrive and live successfully.
An Investigation Into the Detection of New Information
Creators: name: Schiffman, Barry
name: McKeown, Kathleen
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2004
Subjects: Computer science

description: This paper explores new-information detection, describing a strategy for filtering a stream of documents to present only information that is fresh. We focus on multi-document summarization and seek to efficiently use more linguistic information than is often seen in such systems. We experimented with our linguistic system and with a more traditional sentence-based, vector-space system and found that a combination of the two approaches boosted performance over each one alone.
Disruptive Diversity and Recurring Cohesion: Assembling Creative Teams in the Video Game Industry, 1979-2009
Creators: name: Vaan, Mathijs De
name: Vedres, Balazs
name: Stark, David C.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: Organizational behavior

description: To test the proposition that a high level of recurring cohesion and a high level of stylistic diversity can combine for successful team performance, this study constructs a dataset of the careers of 139,727 individuals who participated in project teams producing 16,507 video games between 1979 and 2009. Findings indicate that teams with more dissimilar stylistic experiences outperform teams with more homogenous backgrounds, but only for higher levels of recurring cohesion. Teams with high diversity and high social cohesion are better able to harmonize the noisy cacophony of an (otherwise) excessive plurality of voices, thereby exploiting the potential beneficial effects of cognitive diversity.
Titelei
Creators: name: Redaktion, Die
Publisher: name: KULTEC – Magazin für Technik, Kultur und Museumsarbeit
Year: 2023

description: KULTEC – Magazin für Technik, Kultur und Museumsarbeit, Bd. 3 (2023): KULTEC – Magazin für Technik, Kultur und Museumsarbeit
Can an astrophysical black hole have a topologically non-trivial event horizon?
Creators: name: Bambi, Cosimo
name: Modesto, Leonardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In 4-dimensional General Relativity, there are several theorems restricting the topology of the event horizon of a black hole. In the stationary case, black holes must have a spherical horizon, while a toroidal spatial topology is allowed only for a short time. In this paper, we consider spinning black holes inspired by Loop Quantum Gravity and by alternative theories of gravity. We show that the spatial topology of the event horizon of these objects changes when the spin parameter exceeds a critical value and we argue that the phenomenon may be quite common for non-Kerr black holes. Such a possibility may be relevant in astrophysics, as in some models the accretion process can induce the topology transition of the horizon.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures. v2: refereed version
Semiparametric modeling of autonomous nonlinear dynamical systems with application to plant growth
Creators: name: Paul, Debashis
name: Peng, Jie
name: Burman, Prabir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose a semiparametric model for autonomous nonlinear dynamical systems and devise an estimation procedure for model fitting. This model incorporates subject-specific effects and can be viewed as a nonlinear semiparametric mixed effects model. We also propose a computationally efficient model selection procedure. We show by simulation studies that the proposed estimation as well as model selection procedures can efficiently handle sparse and noisy measurements. Finally, we apply the proposed method to a plant growth data used to study growth displacement rates within meristems of maize roots under two different experimental conditions.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/11-AOAS459 the Annals of Applied Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aoas/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org). arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:0906.3501
Interventions and Japanese Economic Recovery
Creators: name: Ito, Takatoshi
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2004
Subjects: Finance
Economics

description: This paper attempts to explain possible reasons and objectives behind 35 trillion yen (7% of GDP) interventions conducted by the Japanese monetary authorities from January 2003 to March 2004, and to discuss whether interventions achieved presumed objectives, made the movement of the yen flexible but orderly, and helped economic recovery. The motivation of starting intervention in January 2003 was to keep the yen from appreciating in the midst of financial and macroeconomic weakness. The economy started to show some strength in the second half, but interventions continued, with a brief pause of interventions in September. Reasons for interventions after September are two-fold. First, interventions provided opportunities of unsterilized interventions. Second, the monetary authorities were extremely sensitive to speculative activities in the market.
MOESM11 of A field-based modeling study on ecological characterization of hourly host-seeking behavior and its associated climatic variables in Aedes albopictus
Creators: name: Yin, Qingqing
name: Li, Li
name: Guo, Xiang
name: Wu, Rangke
name: Shi, Benyun
name: Wang, Yuji
name: Liu, Yingjie
name: Wu, Shang
name: Pan, Yicheng
name: Wang, Qi
name: Xie, Tian
name: Hu, Tian
name: Xia, Dan
name: Xia, Shang
name: Kambalame, Dzinkambani
name: Li, Wanyu
name: Song, Zhangyao
name: Zhou, Siyun
name: Deng, Ye
name: Xie, Yu
name: Zhou, Xiao-Nong
name: Wang, Chunmei
name: Chen, Xiao-Guang
name: Zhou, Xiaohong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 11: Figure S2. The histograms and trace plots of the parameter values.
Wege zur neuen Dauerausstellungseinheit „Energie“
Creators: name: Römer, Daniel
Publisher: name: KULTEC – Magazin für Technik, Kultur und Museumsarbeit
Year: 2022

description: KULTEC – Magazin für Technik, Kultur und Museumsarbeit, Bd. 2 (2022): KULTEC – Magazin für Technik, Kultur und Museumsarbeit
The folk theorem for repeated games with observation costs
Creators: name: Miyagawa, Eiichi
name: Miyahara, Yasuyuki
name: Sekiguchi, Tadashi
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2004
Subjects: Economics

description: This paper studies repeated games with private monitoring where players make optimal decisions with respect to costly monitoring activities, just as they do with respect to stage-game actions. We consider the case where each player can observe other players' current-period actions accurately only if he incurs a certain level of disutility. In every period, players decide whether to monitor other players and whom to monitor. We show that the folk theorem holds for any finite stage game that satisfies the standard full dimensionality condition and for any level of observation costs. The theorem also holds under general structures of costless private signals and does not require explicit communication among the players. Therefore, tacit collusion can attain efficient outcomes in general repeated games with private monitoring if perfect private monitoring is merely feasible, however costly it may be.
Landscape organization based on application of the process domain concept for a glaciated foothills region
Creators: name: McCleary, Richard James
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The organization of a glaciated foothills and interior plain landscape was examined by analyzing the spatial distribution of process domains. Glaciations distribute patches of surficial materials with varying hydrologic properties across the landscape and create complex longitudinal profiles. These two factors complicate the use of a traditional method, drainage area – local slope plots, for explaining landscape organization; hence, an empirical approach using logistic regression models was applied. An automated procedure was developed that enabled extrapolation of model results across entire study areas. A 57 km² and a 10,000 km² study area were divided into hydrological response units (HRUs) with an average area of less than 5 km². The HRUs were classified into categories based on topography, hydraulic connectivity, and surface type. A preliminary drainage network was extracted from a LiDAR DEM. The network was sub-divided into reaches, each characterized by a suite of topographic predictors. Ground surveys entailed assigning a process domain class as hillslope, swale, seepage channel, or fluvial channel. Various types of logistic regression models, including mixed-effects, binary, ordinal, and multinomial, were used to predict process domain class. Predictors included longitudinal profile anomalies measured at the reach scale using a normalized stream length-gradient (SL/k) index. The candidate predictors, including SL/k index, soil moisture regime, and mean basin slope, were selected in consideration of groundwater flow systems that operate respectively at the reach, hillslope, and basin scales. Drainage area, the dominant factor controlling domain transitions, was complemented by various predictors, depending on transition and HRU type, including reach slope, and the three groundwater flow related predictors. The study revealed features of a stabilized landscape including an extensive network of swales. Headward channel migration into the swale network is not expected to proceed uniformly across the glaciated landscape; rather, minimal migration is expected where channel heads are anchored below confluences and within over-steepened areas, and higher migration frequencies are forecast in sections of the network that are more evenly graded in terms of both drainage area and slope.
L- and M-Cone–Driven Electroretinograms in Stargardt’s Macular Dystrophy–Fundus Flavimaculatus
Creators: name: Scholl, H. P. N.
name: Kremers, J.
name: Vonthein, R.
name: White, K.
name: Weber, Bernhard H. F.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin

description: purpose. To study the dynamics of the long (L)- and middle (M)-wavelength–sensitive cone-driven pathways and their interactions in patients with Stargardt’s macular dystrophy-fundus flavimaculatus (SMD-FF) and to correlate them with other clinical parameters and individual genotypes. methods. Forty-seven patients with SMD-FF participated in the study. In addition to standard 30-Hz flicker electroretinograms (30-Hz fERG), ERG responses were measured to stimuli that modulated exclusively the L or the M cones (L/M cones) or the two simultaneously. Blood samples were screened for mutations in the 50 exons of the ABCA4 gene. results. Patients with SMD-FF did not show a decrease in the mean L/M-cone–driven ERG sensitivity, but there was a significant increase in the interindividual variability. The mean L-/M-cone weighting ratio was normal. However, the L-cone–driven ERG was significantly phase delayed, whereas the M-cone–driven ERG was significantly phase advanced. These phase changes were significantly correlated with disease duration. The amplitude and implicit time of the standard 30-Hz fERG both correlated significantly with the L/M-cone–driven ERG sensitivity and with the phase difference between the L/M-cone–driven ERGs, indicating the complex origin of the standard 30-Hz fERG. Probable disease-associated mutations in the ABCA4 gene were found in 40 of 45 patients, suggesting that they form a genetically fairly uniform SMD-FF study group. There was no correlation between the genotype and the L/M-cone–driven ERGs. conclusions. The changes in L/M-cone–driven ERG sensitivity and phase possibly represent two independent disease processes. The phase changes are similar to those found in patients with retinitis pigmentosa and possibly are a general feature of retinal dystrophies.
Small Sample Properties of Certain Cointegration Test Statistics: A Monte Carlo Study
Creators: name: Dhrymes, Phoebus J.
name: Thomakos, Dimitrios D.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1997
Subjects: Economics

description: This paper reports on the result of a Monte Carlo study. The latter investigates the performance of various versions of the Conformity test (CCT) for the existence and rank of cointegration, as given in Johansen (J) (1988), (1991), and the stochastic trends qf(k,m) test (SW), as given in Stock and Watson (1988). The design of the experiments allows for small, medium, and large stationary roots, and one, two, and three unit roots. The largest system investigated is a quadrivariate VAR(4). Results based on the underlying normal theory indicate that the performance of the CCT is extremely good when the null hypothesis involves the sum of, or individual, (characteristic) roots, some of which are not zero; it does not perform reliably when the sum of the roots under the null involves, in truth, all zero roots, i.e. if we are testing a null that a root, say λ obeys λ > 0 and the null is in fact true, the test performs exceedingly well. If the null, however, is in fact false it has very little power. Results based on non-standard a symptotic theory for estimators of zero roots indicate that the CCT has very good power characteristics in detecting the rank of cointegration, but it exhibits some size distortions that can potentially lead to overestimation of the true cointegrating rank. On the other hand, both versions are robust to non-normal and dependent error structure. Such results generally hold for sample sizes 100 and 500. For sample of size 100, the LR test performs quite well, in terms of size, when the error process is Gaussian and when small and medium stationary roots are employed in the experimental design, but does rather poorly in terms of power. The problem is magnified with large stationary roots, and/or non-normal errors. The results improve, as expected, for sample size 500. The SW qf(k,m) test performs rather poorly overall, and cannot be recommended for use in empirical applications.