cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
USPTO Pararoutes
Creators: name: Hastedt, Friedrich
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 340701
subject: Computational chemistry

description: This folder hosts 4 items in total:The USPTO-Pararoutes file for training:Template / Semi-template models on the raw or class (including reaction classes)Template-free models on tokenized SMILESPrediction files of benchmarked retrosynthesis algorithms
Additional file 1 of ER-phagy mediates the anti-tumoral synergism between HDAC inhibition and chemotherapy
Creators: name: Gössl, Felix J.
name: Polo, Pierfrancesco
name: Helmprobst, Frederik
name: Menzenbach, André
name: Visekruna, Alexander
name: Gress, Thomas M.
name: Adhikary, Till
name: Lauth, Matthias
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: Medicine
Cell Biology
Molecular Biology
Pharmacology
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Cancer

description: Supplementary Material 1
An analysis of mixed finite element approximations for periodic acoustic wave propagation
Creators: name: Fix, George J.
name: R. A. Nicolaides
name: Carnegie Mellon UniversityDesign Research Center
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 1982
Subjects: subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Mathematics Technical Report
Tachyon Condensation for Intersecting Branes at Small and Large Angles
Creators: name: Epple, F.
name: Lust, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review the worldsheet analysis for intersecting branes with focus on small and large angles. For small angles, we review the Yang-Mills fluctuation analysis in hep-th/0303204 and find an additional family of massless modes. They are the components of a Goldstone scalar corresponding to the spontaneously broken U(2)-gauge symmetry. For branes at large angles, we derive an effective tachyon field theory from BSFT results. We show how the gauge symmetry of this system implies a mass spectrum which is consistent with the worldsheet analysis.
description: 23 pages, 4 figures; references added; one definition clarified
Parameter identification in a semilinear hyperbolic system
Creators: name: Egger, Herbert
name: Kugler, Thomas
name: Strogies, Nikolai
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Parameter identification
subject: semilinear wave equation
subject: nonlinear inverse problem
subject: Tikhonov regularization
subject: approximate source condition
subject: conditional stability
subject: 35R30
subject: 49J20
subject: 49N45
subject: 65J22
subject: 74J25

description: We consider the identification of a nonlinear friction law in a one-dimensional damped wave equation from additional boundary measurements. Well-posedness of the governing semilinear hyperbolic system is established via semigroup theory and contraction arguments. We then investigate the inverse problem of recovering the unknown nonlinear damping law from additional boundary measurements of the pressure drop along the pipe. This coefficient inverse problem is shown to be ill-posed and a variational regularization method is considered for its stable solution. We prove existence of minimizers for the Tikhonov functional and discuss the convergence of the regularized solutions under an approximate source condition. The meaning of this condition and some arguments for its validity are discussed in detail and numerical results are presented for illustration of the theoretical findings.
An excess of submm sources near 4C41.17: a candidate proto-cluster at z=3.8?
Creators: name: Ivison, Rob J.
name: Dunlop, James S.
name: Smail, Ian
name: Dey, Arjun
name: Liu, Michael C.
name: Graham, James R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Biased galaxy-formation theories predict that massive galaxies at high redshifts should act as signposts to high-density environments in the early Universe, which subsequently evolve into the cores of the richest clusters seen at the present day. These regions are characterised by over-densities of young galaxies, perhaps including a population of dusty, interaction-driven starbursts - the progenitors of massive cluster ellipticals. By searching for this population at submm wavelengths we can therefore test both galaxy- and structure-formation models. We have undertaken such a search in the field of a z=3.8 radio galaxy, 4C41.17, with the SCUBA submm camera. Our extremely deep 450- and 850-micron maps reveal an order-of-magnitude over-density of luminous submm galaxies compared to typical fields (the likelihood of finding such an over-density in a random field is <2E-3). The SCUBA galaxies have bolometric luminosities, >10^13 L(solar), which imply star-formation rates consistent with those required to form a massive galaxy in only a few 10^8 years. We also note that this field exhibits an over-density of extremely red objects (EROs), some of which may be associated with the submm sources, and Lyman-break galaxies. We propose that the over-densities of both submm and ERO sources in this field represent young dusty, starburst galaxies forming within a proto-cluster centered on the radio galaxy at z=3.8, which is also traced by a less-obscured population of Lyman-break galaxies.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures (1 in colour), accepted for ApJ
USPTO Pararoutes
Creators: name: Hastedt, Friedrich
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 340701
subject: Computational chemistry

description: This folder hosts 4 items in total:The USPTO-Pararoutes file for training Template / Semi-template models on the raw or class (including reaction classes)Template-free models on tokenized SMILESPrediction files of benchmarked retrosynthesis algorithms
An almost linear time algorithm for finding Hamilton cycles in sparse random graphs with minimum degree at least three
Creators: name: Frieze, Alan
name: Haber, Simi
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We describe an algorithm for finding Hamilton cycles in random graphs. Our model is the random graph . In this model G is drawn uniformly from graphs with vertex set [n], m edges and minimum degree at least three. We focus on the case where m = cn for constant c. If c is sufficiently large then our algorithm runs in time and succeeds w.h.p.
The sensitivity of the Congo Basin rainforests to climate change
Creators: name: Manoj, Harisankar
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2022
Subjects: Congo Basin
Rainforests
Climate change
Potential Vegetation Model
ERA5 data forcing
WRF model climate forcing

description: Tropical Rainforests require significant attention from the scientific community, not only because of the biodiversity and the valuable reFsources they bear but also due to their indispensable role as climate regulators. Therefore, it is crucial that we understand how these biomes may change in a warming climate. This study is centered around the Congo Basin rainforests which constitute the second-largest stretch of tropical rainforest in the world and have a pivotal role in the tropical climate system. Understanding the responsiveness of these forests to climate variations is a pressing theme as Congo is one of the most understudied forest regions in the tropics, with uncertainties in the long-term climate trend and forest evolution. The purpose of this study is to understand if the changing climate of the Congo Basin is becoming less able to support the existence of the tropical rainforest. To address this issue, we will adapt a Potential Vegetation Model (PVM; Oyama and Nobre 2004) for use in the Congo Basin. This model represents the potential biomes in equilibrium with the given climatological data. The PVM is run over the Congo Basin area using the 1979-2020 monthly mean climatology from the ECMWF Re-Analysis 5 (ERA5) dataset. The model is also run with monthly mean climatology of four decades derived from the ERA5 record (1980-2019). In addition, the PVM is used on future NCAR-Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) regional climate model projections to predict how the equilibrium changes in the Mid-21ˢᵗ, and Late 21ˢᵗ century time periods under increasing atmospheric CO2 levels. The ERA5 forced PVM results indicate that the open and the semi-deciduous forest classes in the peripheral Congo Basin areas have responded to alterations in the climate and retreated over the last four decades. The PVM forced with the WRF model climate projections also show a retreat of the tropical rainforest by the Late 21ˢᵗ century. Analysis of the forcing parameters of the PVM reveals that changes in the moisture parameters are behind these changes. Further analysis indicates the role of temperature, saturated vapor pressure, and soil moisture variables as the major drivers of these moisture parameters.
On the role of Boundary Condition on the Speed- & Impact- Distributions in Dissipative Granular Gases in Knudsen Regime Excited by Vibration
Creators: name: Evesque, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent experimental results on granular gas in Knudsen regime excited by a vibrating piston in micro-gravity have measured distribution p(I) of impacts I with a fix target. They give p(I) scaling as exp(-I/Io). This distribution leads to a probability distribution function of speed v along z varying approximately as f(v) scaling as (1/v) exp(-v/vo); hence it diverges as 1/v at small speed and it is quite non Boltzmannian at large speed. Here, a model is proposed, which explains these experimental impact distributions; it takes account of the true role of the boundaries and of the dissipation in the gas. This validates the experimental data. Different approximations are discussed. Roles of boundaries and of 0-g condition are investigated theoretically. It is argued that the piston plays the role of an impact generator or a "velostat" for the Knudsen gas. These results cast a doubt on the efficiency of the notion of Boltzmann temperature and on the necessity to refer to Boltzman distribution in such dilute systems. The model shows also that the medium has to be considered as a whole, in global equilibrium: each part of the system is exchanging with the whole (at least in the direction of vibration); this is quite different from classic approach of dissipative systems based on local exchange and equilibrium, which leads to a "diffusive" Boltzmann equation; here the distribution f(z,t) is mainly propagative, i.e. f(z,v,t+dt)=f(z-vdt,v,t) instead of diffusive. Pacs # : 05.45.-a, 45.50.-j, 45.70.-n, 81.70.Bt, 81.70.Ha, 83.10.Pp
description: 16 pages +2 pages, 3 figures
Equational Theories and Validity for Logically Constrained Term Rewriting (Full Version)
Creators: name: Aoto, Takahito
name: Nishida, Naoki
name: Schöpf, Jonas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Logically constrained term rewriting is a relatively new formalism where rules are equipped with constraints over some arbitrary theory. Although there are many recent advances with respect to rewriting induction, completion, complexity analysis and confluence analysis for logically constrained term rewriting, these works solely focus on the syntactic side of the formalism lacking detailed investigations on semantics. In this paper, we investigate a semantic side of logically constrained term rewriting. To this end, we first define constrained equations, constrained equational theories and validity of the former based on the latter. After presenting the relationship of validity and conversion of rewriting, we then construct a sound inference system to prove validity of constrained equations in constrained equational theories. Finally, we give an algebraic semantics, which enables one to establish invalidity of constrained equations in constrained equational theories. This algebraic semantics derive a new notion of consistency for constrained equational theories.
description: Accepted at the 9th International Conference on Formal Structures for Computation and Deduction 2024
title: 1958-1959_LUCCA Abel_Une école nationale de laiterie
Creators: name: Lucca, Abel
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Diplôme d'architecte

description: Prix du meilleur diplôme décerné par la SADG.
Effect of rigid crystals on the experimental sintering of rhyolitic ash under shallow conduit conditions
Creators: name: Blandon, Rachel
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Sintering
subject: Welding
subject: Volcanism
subject: Silicic
subject: Volcanology
subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Microscopy
subject: Petrography
subject: Ash
subject: Bubbles

description: We present an experimental investigation of surface tension-driven sintering and associated densification of crystal-bearing rhyolitic ash under shallow volcanic conduit conditions. Suites of isobaric (40 MPa) experiments were held at a constant temperature of 675 to 850 °C for durations of 30 minutes to 9 hours. A 50/50 mixture of rhyolitic glass powder (<45 μm) and quartz crystals, in three distinct size distributions, were used: 250 - 500 µm, 90 - 125 µm, and 45 - 76 μm. All samples evolved similarly, from loose, cohesion-less particles to sintered particles forming a friable, agglutinated framework with an interconnected network of pores of ≥20 vol.%. All mixtures took longer to sinter and remained at a higher final porosity than crystal-free experiments performed by Gardner et al. (2018) under the same conditions. Samples sintered more slowly and remained more porous with cooler temperatures and finer crystals. Estimates for permeability indicate that these crystal-rich mixtures are as permeable as natural samples of equivalent porosity. Our experimental results suggest that solid particles inhibit the sintering process by holding porous networks open, allowing for sustained degassing. Therefore, solid particles may have important consequences for outgassing in the shallow conduit if the material is sintered together.
Additional file 6 of Pharmacological pain relief and women´s birth experience: a systematic review
Creators: name: Ugarph Edfeldt, Malin
name: Gustavsson, Hanne
name: Hildén, Karin
name: Cao, Yang
name: Backman, Helena
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: Medicine
Cell Biology
Pharmacology
Biotechnology
Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 6
Outflow-Driven Transients from the Birth of Binary Black Holes II: Primary-Induced Accretion Transients
Creators: name: Kimura, Shigeo S.
name: Murase, Kohta
name: Mészáros, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the electromagnetic radiation from newborn binary black holes (BBHs). As a consequence of the evolution of massive stellar binaries, a binary consisting of a primary black hole (BH) and a secondary Wolf-Rayet star is expected as a BBH progenitor system. We investigate optical transients from the birth of BBHs powered by the Bondi-Hoyle-Lyttleton accretion onto the primary BH, which occur $\sim1-10$ Gyr earlier than gravitational wave signals at the BH-BH merger. When the secondary massive star collapses into a BH, it may eject a fraction of its outer material and may form a disk around the primary BH and induces a powerful disk wind. These primary-induced winds can lead to optical transients with a kinetic energy of $\sim10^{47}-3\times10^{48}$ erg, an ejecta velocity of $10^8-10^9\rm~cm~s^{-1}$, a duration of a few days, and an absolute magnitude ranging from about $-11$ to $-14$. The light curves and late-time spectra of these transients are distinctive from those of ordinary supernovae, and detection of this type of transient is possible by future optical transient surveys if the event rate of this transient is comparable to the merger rate of BBHs. This paper focuses on the emissions from disk-driven transients induced by the primary BH, different from the first paper that focuses on wind-driven transients from the tidally-locked secondary massive star.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ, arXiv:1702.07337v2 was split into two papers according to referee's suggestion. This is Paper II. See also arXiv:1702.07337v3 for Paper I
Additional file 7 of Pharmacological pain relief and women´s birth experience: a systematic review
Creators: name: Ugarph Edfeldt, Malin
name: Gustavsson, Hanne
name: Hildén, Karin
name: Cao, Yang
name: Backman, Helena
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: Medicine
Cell Biology
Pharmacology
Biotechnology
Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 7
Shell Model Monte Carlo Methods
Creators: name: Koonin, S. E.
name: Dean, D. J.
name: Langanke, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review quantum Monte Carlo methods for dealing with large shell model problems. These methods reduce the imaginary-time many-body evolution operator to a coherent superposition of one-body evolutions in fluctuating one-body fields; the resultant path integral is evaluated stochastically. We first discuss the motivation, formalism, and implementation of such Shell Model Monte Carlo (SMMC) methods. There then follows a sampler of results and insights obtained from a number of applications. These include the ground state and thermal properties of {\it pf}-shell nuclei, the thermal and rotational behavior of rare-earth and $γ$-soft nuclei, and the calculation of double beta-decay matrix elements. Finally, prospects for further progress in such calculations are discussed.
Superresolution imaging of two incoherent optical sources with unequal brightnesses
Creators: name: Zhang, Jian-Dong
name: Fu, Yiwen
name: Hou, Lili
name: Wang, Shuai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Resolving the separation between two incoherent optical sources with high precision is of great significance for fluorescence imaging and astronomical observations. In this paper, we focus on a more general scenario where two sources have unequal brightnesses. We give the ultimate precision limit with respect to separation by using the quantum Fisher information. Through the calculation of the classical Fisher information, we analyze and compare several specific measurement schemes including direct measurement, Gaussian mode measurement and zero-photon measurement. The results indicate that Gaussian mode measurement is the nearly optimal for a small separation. Our work provides a positive complement to the aspect of superresolution imaging of incoherent sources.
Magmatic thermal histories and emplacement mechanisms of Martian shergottite meteorites
Creators: name: Eckley, Scott Allan
name: 0000-0002-2692-2164
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2022
Subjects: Martian meteorites
Shergottites
X-ray computed tomography
Olivine
Magma
Planetary science

description: Shergottites are meteorites originating from Mars with a broadly basaltic composition. Derived from partial melting of the mantle and filtered through the crust, shergottites provide a window into magma generation and evolution on Mars. Using X-ray computed tomography (CT), we investigated a suite of shergottites to infer details about their petrogenesis, especially their thermal histories and emplacement environments. In a novel survey of 3D olivine morphologies, sizes, and core Fe-Mg content in five olivine-bearing shergottites, we identified the common occurrence of Mg-rich olivine megacrysts with morphologies indicative of rapid crystal growth, requiring large degrees of undercooling and possibly fast cooling. This method allows us to interpret crystallization sequences and thermal histories. Results indicate that undercooling in two geochemically enriched shergottites occurs during initial magma pooling in the lower crust, a process that has not been documented in Earth basalts. Whereas, in two geochemically depleted samples, undercooling occurs later in the crystallization sequence but before the final eruption and solidification. We demonstrate the conditions needed for rapid growth are common for mafic magmatism on Mars, and that these magmas experience complex thermal histories characterized by discrete episodes of large undercooling at depth. Because shergottites were ejected from the Martian surface during impact events, their geologic contexts are unknown. We measured 3D petrofabrics and crystal size distributions in eight shergottites that span the known lithologic categories (i.e., basaltic, olivine-phyric, gabbroic, and poikiltic) to constrain their emplacement mechanisms. To contextualize the petrofabric results, we also conducted the same analyses on terrestrial igneous rocks from a variety of intrusive and extrusive environments. When interpreted in the context of the analogue study, shergottite petrofabric analyses combined with crystal size distribution analyses indicate that all samples (gabbroic, poikilitic, basaltic, and olivine-phyric) in this study were emplaced in the subsurface at various depths. This study helps to decipher emplacement styles, which is important for understanding potential interactions with crustal material, subsolidus cooling histories, shock-metamorphic processes, and potential exposure at the surface.
2-Form Gauge Field Theories and "No Go" for Yang-Mills Relativistic Actions
Creators: name: Cantcheff, Marcelo Botta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The transformation properties of a Kalb-Ramond field are those of a gauge potential. However, it is not clear what is the group structure to which these transformations are associated. In this paper, we complete a program started in previous articles in order to clarify this question. Using the spectral theorem, we improve and generalize previous approaches and find the possible group structures underneath the 2-form gauge potential as extensions of Lie groups, when its representations are assumed to act into any tensor (or spinor) space with inner product. We also obtain a fundamental representation where a two-form field turns out to be a connection on a flat Euclidean basis manifold, with a corresponding canonical curvature. However, we show that these objects are not associated to space-time tensors and, in particular, that a standard Yang-Mills action is not relativistically invariant, except (as expected) in the Abelian case. This is our main result, from the physical point of view.
description: To be published in Phys. Lett. B
Algorithms for computing motion by mean curvature
Creators: name: Walkington, Noel
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Abstract: "We propose a finite element algorithm for computing the motion of a surface moving by mean curvature. The algorithm uses the level set formulation, so that changes in topology of the surface can be accommodated. Stability is deduced by showing that the discrete solutions satisfy both L[superscript infinity] and W[superscript 1,1] bounds. Existence of discrete solutions and connections with Brakke flows are established. Some numerical examples and application to related problems, such as the phase field equations, are also presented."
Localized RETE for Incremental Graph Queries
Creators: name: Barkowsky, Matthias
name: Giese, Holger
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Context: The growing size of graph-based modeling artifacts in model-driven engineering calls for techniques that enable efficient execution of graph queries. Incremental approaches based on the RETE algorithm provide an adequate solution in many scenarios, but are generally designed to search for query results over the entire graph. However, in certain situations, a user may only be interested in query results for a subgraph, for instance when a developer is working on a large model of which only a part is loaded into their workspace. In this case, the global execution semantics can result in significant computational overhead.
 Contribution: To mitigate the outlined shortcoming, in this paper we propose an extension of the RETE approach that enables local, yet fully incremental execution of graph queries, while still guaranteeing completeness of results with respect to the relevant subgraph.
 Results: We empirically evaluate the presented approach via experiments inspired by a scenario from software development and an independent social network benchmark. The experimental results indicate that the proposed technique can significantly improve performance regarding memory consumption and execution time in favorable cases, but may incur a noticeable linear overhead in unfavorable cases.
description: This preprint has not undergone peer review or any post-submission improvements or corrections. The Version of Record of this contribution is published in Graph Transformation, and is available online at https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-64285-2_7
MPEC 2024-U120 : 2024 UF3
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2024 UF3

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Self-Similar Properties of the Proton Structure at Low x within the \textbf{xFitter} framework
Creators: name: Tehrani, Shahin Atashbar
name: Shahri, Fatemeh Taghavi
name: Mohsenabadi, Samira Shoeibi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The structure of the proton exhibits Fractal behavior at low \textit{x}, where \textit{x} is the fraction of the proton's momentum carried by the interacting partons. This Fractal behavior is characterized by self-similar properties at different scales and can be quantified using the concept of Fractal dimension. An investigation into the Fractal properties of the proton structure at low \textit{x} is critical for understanding the fundamental properties of the strong force and developing a more comprehensive understanding of the hadron structure. Fractals, characterized by self-similar patterns across scales, demonstrate a direct correlation between their Fractal dimension and entropy, where higher Fractal dimensions correspond to increased informational content. Furthermore, it is essential for designing high-energy physics experiments and developing more accurate models of subatomic particle interactions. This paper has a fresh look at the self-similar properties of the proton structure at low \textit{x}. Our study involves the use of the \textbf{xFitter} framework to parameterize the proton structure functions with a Fractal formalism at low \textit{x}. We also examine how the inclusion of new data affects the results of our analysis.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures, 4 tables
Evidence for multiple styles of sediment gravity flows constructing a prodelta-to-shelf depositional environment : Coaledo Formation, southwest Oregon
Creators: name: Gonzalez, Nicole
name: 0000-0003-4417-9391
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2022
Subjects: Sediment gravity flows
Hyperpycnal flows
Hyperpycnites
Storm deposits
Delta-front
Prodelta-to-shelf depositional environments
Coaledo Formation

description: Previous depositional models for marine storm beds focus mainly on generation by combined flow, but this mechanism alone does not account for both volume and distance of sand transport necessary to explain the deposits. Previous studies have shown that sediment gravity flows (SGFs) efficiently transport sediment from deltas into marine sedimentary basins. Suspended sand moved by rivers during floods can continue basinward via hyperpycnal flows, undercurrents that have a higher density than water in the receiving basin. Hyperpycnal flows produce deposits predominantly composed of mud-to-fine sand called hyperpycnites. Phenomenal exposure of the Lower Coaledo Formation along the southwest Oregon coast provides a superb opportunity to refine, revisit, and grow process-based interpretations for storm beds that construct a prodelta-to-shelf depositional environment. The Lower Member of the Coaledo Formation preserves world-class examples of small and large-scale hummocky cross-stratification (HCS) formed under conditions of wave-dominated combined flow. While storm-generated waves aid in reworking sand to produce a suite of bedforms, we propose the storm beds of the Coaledo were deposited from hyperpycnal flows. In-depth stratigraphic and sedimentological analysis of the fabric, texture, grain size, and sedimentary structures of the Coaledo identified three different styles of sediment gravity flows: (1) hyperpycnal flows (2) subaqueous debris flows, and (3) slumps of previously deposited delta related sediment. Two types of hyperpycnites are expressed in the stratigraphy: (A) wave-influenced hyperpycnites and (B) non-wave-influenced hyperpycnites. The occurrence of aggrading wave ripples and HCS suggests influence from storm events. However, hyperpycnites composed of planar-laminated beds with fine-grained leafy detritus are interpreted to have been deposited during a period of stormless activity. In other words, fluvial flooding and hyperpycnal flows can occur independent of marine storm events. Planar-laminated hyperpycnites include tidal rhythmites associated with flood and ebb cycles that caused flow velocities and suspended-sediment concentrations from the river to decrease as tides came in and increases to occur as tides went out. Process-oriented analysis coupled with 3D outcrop models are used to constrain a depositional model for the Coaledo storm deposits
A diffuse interface model for quasi-incompressible flows: Sharp interface limits and numerics
Creators: name: Aki, Gonca
name: Daube, Johannes
name: Dreyer, Wolfgang
name: Giesselmann, Jan
name: Kränkel, Mirko
name: Kraus, Christiane
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Liquid vapor flow
subject: phase transition
subject: asymptotic analysis
subject: sharp interface limit
subject: free boundary problem
subject: 35C20
subject: 35R35

description: In this contribution, we investigate a diffuse interface model for quasi-incompressible flows. We determine corresponding sharp interface limits of two different scalings. The sharp interface limit is deduced by matched asymptotic expansions of the fields in powers of the interface. In particular, we study solutions of the derived system of inner equations and discuss the results within the general setting of jump conditions for sharp interface models. Furthermore, we treat, as a subproblem, the convective Cahn-Hilliard equation numerically by a Local Discontinuous Galerkin scheme.
The behavior of halogens (F, Cl, Br, I) in altered oceanic crust during prograde subduction zone metamorphism and devolatilization
Creators: name: Beaudoin, Grace Margaret
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2022
Subjects: Halogens
Subduction
Altered ocean crust
Eclogite
Western Alps
Geochemical cycling
Fluorine
Chlorine
Bromine
Iodine
Metamorphism
Devolatilization

description: Halogens (F, Cl, Br, I) are volatile elements enriched in Earth’s surface reservoirs. Following seafloor alteration and tectonic convergence, halogens are carried into subduction zones. Prograde metamorphism of altered ocean crust (AOC) results in hydrous mineral breakdown and the release of volatiles. Halogen devolatilization is not well constrained, particularly for Br and I. To explore the halogens fluxes and behaviors during subduction of AOC, this study investigates bulk rock concentrations from seafloor AOC drill cores (n=21) and paleo-subduction settings that expose exhumed metamorphic rocks (n=44) that record the chemical evolution of AOC during prograde metamorphism. Chapter 2 juxtaposes eclogitic and AOC samples to gauge broadscale changes to the halogen budget between the trench and the depths of ~80 km. Chapter 3 focuses on a suite of petrogenetically-related meta-ophiolites from the Western Alps that record progressive metamorphism and shed light on halogen loss across metamorphic grade, especially at low P-T conditions. To study how halogens partition during phase breakdown and fluid transport, Chapter 4 examines a ~1 m transect of eclogitic samples that preserve evidence of high pressure vein formation and fluid-rock interactions. Findings from this work reveal that halogens are not evenly distributed in AOC. Basalts are F-rich and gabbros are Cl- and Br-rich. During subduction, F is decoupled from the heavy halogens (Cl, Br, I) displaying compatibility and immobility. Chlorine and Br are closely coupled; they preferentially partition into fluid phases and are efficiently removed from the mafic slab. Iodine behaviors are more cryptic, with many high-P samples preserving protolith-level abundances. Halogen mobility in devolatilizing AOC is as follows: Cl ≈ Br > I ≫ F. New flux estimates find that ≤40% of initial F and I and ~70% of initial Cl and Br is removed from subducting AOC prior to depths of arc magma genesis, with much of this loss occurring early in the forearc, before the transition to blueschist assemblages. Fluorine is broadly distributed among phases. The heavy halogen inventory is not controlled by a dominant phase (i.e., amphibole). Rather, these elements are distributed at low concentrations among many phases or are predominantly hosted in non-lattice sites.
Some mathematical problems related to the 2nd order optimal shape of a crystallization interface
Creators: name: Druet, Pierre-Étienne
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Stefan-Gibbs-Thompson problem
subject: Singularity of mean-curvature type
subject: Optimal control
subject: Pointwise gradient state constraints
subject: First order optimality conditions
subject: 49K20
subject: 80A22
subject: 53A10
subject: 35J25

description: We consider the problem to optimize the stationary temperature distribution and the equilibrium shape of the solid-liquid interface in a two-phase system subject to a temperature gradient. The interface satisfies the minimization principle of the free energy, while the temperature is solving the heat equation with a radiation boundary conditions at the outer wall. Under the condition that the temperature gradient is uniformly negative in the direction of crystallization, the interface is expected to have a global graph representation. We reformulate this condition as a pointwise constraint on the gradient of the state, and we derive the first order optimality system for a class of objective functionals that account for the second surface derivatives, and for the surface temperature gradient.
Nano-Diamond Thin Film Field Emitter Cartridge for Miniature High Gradient Radiofrequency $X$-band Electron Injector
Creators: name: Qiu, Jiaqi
name: Baturin, Stanislav S.
name: Kovi, Kiran K.
name: Chubenko, Oksana
name: Chen, Gongxiaohui
name: Konecny, Richard
name: Antipov, Sergey
name: Jing, Chunguang
name: Sumant, Anirudha V.
name: Baryshev, Sergey V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The complete design, fabrication, and performance evaluation of a compact, single cell, $X$-band ($\sim$9 GHz) electron injector based on a field emission cathode (FEC) are presented. A pulsed electron beam is generated by a 10's of kW radiofrequency (RF) magnetron signal from a plug-in thin film nitrogen-incorporated ultrananocrystalline diamond (N)UNCD FEC cartridge. Testing of the $X$-band injector with the (N)UNCD FEC was conducted in a beamline equipped with a solenoid, Faraday cup and imaging screen. The results show that typically the (N)UNCD FEC cartridge produces $\gtrsim$1 mA/cm$^2$ at a surface electric field of 28 MV/m. The diameter of the output beam generated from the 4.4 mm diameter (N)UNCD cartridge can be as small as 1 mm. In terms of its practical applications, the demonstrated $X$-band electron injector with the (N)UNCD plug-in FEC can serve as a source for X-ray generation, materials processing, travelling-wave tubes (including GHz and THz backward wave oscillators), or can be used to drive slow-wave accelerating structures. The results presented also suggest that this field emitter technology based on planar (N)UNCD thin films, which are simply grown on the surface of optically polished stainless steel, can enable a vast number of device configurations that are efficient, flexible in design, and can be packaged with ease.
description: 5 pages, 6 figures
Renormalized QRPA and double beta decay: a critical analysis of double Fermi transitions
Creators: name: Hirsch, Jorge G.
name: Hess, Peter O.
name: Civitarese, Osvaldo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The proton-neutron monopole Lipkin model, which exhibits some properties which are relevant for those double beta decay ($ββ$) transitions mediated by the Fermi matrix elements, is solved exactly in the proton-neutron two-quasiparticle space. The exact results are compared with the ones obtained by using the Quasiparticle Random Phase (QRPA) and renormalized QRPA (RQRPA) approaches. It is shown that the RQRPA violates the Ikeda Sum Rule and that this violation may be common to any extension of the QRPA where scattering terms are neglected in the participant one-body operators as well as in the Hamiltonian. This finding underlines the need of additional developments before the RQRPA could be adopted as a reliable tool to compute $ββ$ processes.
description: 18 pages, LaTeX, 7 figures included as LaTeX files. Minor changes in title and text
title: Anatomy of cretaceous isolated carboante platforms of the western Gulf of Mexico
title: Anatomy of cretaceous isolated carbonate platforms of the western Gulf of Mexico
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Eljalafi, Abdulah Musbah
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2022
Subjects: Cretaceous carbonate platforms
Isolated platforms
El Doctor
Central Mexico
Gulf of Mexico

description: Shallow-water carbonate platforms are ecosystems sensitive to changes in the ocean-atmosphere dynamics. Their stratal architecture, dominant biota, and vertical and lateral facies distributions are largely controlled by eustatic sea-level fluctuations, evolutionary state of biota, and climatic and oceanographic conditions. During the mid-Cretaceous (Aptian-Cenomanian) of the western Gulf of Mexico, a series of isolated and land-attached platforms developed on topographically high basement structures and continental shelves, hosting diverse marine ecosystems for over 30 million years. Their ultimate demise coincided with a series of extreme episodes of global environmental change, widespread ocean anoxia, and elevated CO₂ levels in the mid-Cretaceous. Considerable research efforts have been directed to understand the temporal architectural arrangements of facies and construct sequence-stratigraphic frameworks for the largest platforms in the western Gulf of Mexico region (i.e., Texas, Comanche, and northern Mexico-Coahuila). In contrast, small isolated platforms in central Mexico have received much less attention, despite their potential to provide a more complete picture of the regional palaeoceanographic and paleoclimatic conditions. This field-based study explores one of these isolated carbonate platforms in central Mexico, the El Doctor platform, investigating the eustatic and oceanographic conditions that governed its development. This dissertation establishes a shelf-to-basin depositional framework that serves as a type-locality for Cretaceous isolated carbonate platforms of the Western Gulf of Mexico. The study assesses depositional environments on the shelf, slope, and basin linked to a sequence stratigraphic framework tied to other regional and global time-equivalent carbonate platforms. Three composite sequences are presented in this study, which record platform-wide morphological evolution followed by progressive drowning and carbonate factory shutdown near the Albian-Cenomanian boundary coinciding with the onset of Ocean Anoxic Event 1d. The resulting stratigraphic framework sheds new light on the spatiotemporal variability in platform and slope development and demise, highlighting asynchronicity and regionally variable responses to global oceanographic and eustatic drivers around the Gulf of Mexico basin and greater Tethys realm
Additional file 1 of Domestic violence laws and women’s unmet need for family planning: Quasi-experimental evidence from Africa
Creators: name: Bhuwania, Pragya
name: Raub, Amy
name: Sprague, Aleta
name: Martin, Alfredo
name: Bose, Bijetri
name: Kidman, Rachel
name: Heymann, Jody
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1.
Universal Spatial Audio Transcoder
Creators: name: Sagasti, Amaia
name: Scaini, Davide
name: Arteaga, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This paper addresses the challenges associated with both the conversion between different spatial audio formats and the decoding of a spatial audio format to a specific loudspeaker layout. Existing approaches often rely on layout remapping tools, which may not guarantee optimal conversion from a psychoacoustic perspective. To overcome these challenges, we present the Universal Spatial Audio Transcoder (USAT) method and its corresponding open source implementation. USAT generates an optimal decoder or transcoder for any input spatial audio format, adapting it to any output format or 2D/3D loudspeaker configuration. Drawing upon optimization techniques based on psychoacoustic principles, the algorithm maximizes the preservation of spatial information. We present examples of the decoding and transcoding of several audio formats, and show that USAT approach is advantageous compared to the most common methods in the field.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures. Accepted for presentation at the AES 156th Convention, Madrid, Spain (June 2024)
Stability analysis of non-constant base states in thin film equations
Creators: name: Dziwnik, Marion
name: Korzec, Maciek D.
name: Münch, Andreas
name: Wagner, Barbara
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: multiple-scale methods
subject: stability analysis
subject: rim instability
subject: free boundaries
subject: dewetting film
subject: 35B40
subject: 35C20
subject: 76M45
subject: 81.07.-b

description: We address the linear stability of non-constant base states within the class of mass conserving free boundary problems for degenerate and non-degenerate thin film equations. Well-known examples are the finger-instabilities of growing rims that appear in retracting thin solid and liquid films. Since the base states are time dependent and do not have a simple travelling wave or self-similar form, a classical eigenvalue analysis fails to provide the dominant wavelength of the instability. However, the initial fronts evolve on a slower time-scale than the typical perturbations. We exploit this time-scale separation and develop a multiple-scale approach for this class of stability problems. We show that the value of the dominant wavelength is rapidly attained once the base state has entered an approximately self-similar scaling. We note that this value is different from the one obtained by the linear stability analysis with "frozen modes", frequently found in the literature. Furthermore we show that for the present class of stability problems the dispersion relation behaves linear for large wavelengths, which is in contrast to many other instability problems in thin film flows.
The All Sky Automated Survey. A Catalog of almost 3900 variable stars
Creators: name: Pojmanski
name: G
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Results of the first two years of observations using the All Sky Automated Survey prototype camera are presented. More than 140 000 stars in 50 Selected Fields covering 300 sq. degrees were monitored each clear night in the I-band resulting in the ASAS Photometric I-band Catalog containing over 50 x 10^6 individual measurements. Nightly monitoring over 100 standard stars confirms that most of our data remains within sigma_I=0.03 of the standard I system. Search for the stars varying on the time scales longer than a few days revealed almost 4000 variables (mostly irregular, pulsating and binaries) brighter than 13 mag. Only 155 of them are known variables included in GCVS, 56 were observed by Hipparcos satellite (46 were marked as variable). Among the stars brighter than I ~ 7.5 (which are saturated on our frames) we have found about 50 variables (12 are in GCVS, 6 other in Hipparcos (Perryman etal 1997) catalog). Because of the large volume of the data we present here only selected tables and light-curves, but the complete ASAS Catalog of Variable Stars (currently divided into Periodic and Miscellaneous sections) and all photometric data are available on the Internet http://www.astrouw.edu.pl/~gp/asas/asas.html or http://archive.princeton.edu/~asas/
description: 14 pages, 6 figures, 4 tables
A Novel Endorsement Protocol to Secure BFT-Based Consensus in Permissionless Blockchain
Creators: name: Xu, Ziqiang
name: Shahraki, Ahmad Salehi
name: Chilamkurti, Naveen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Permissionless blockchain technology offers numerous potential benefits for decentralised applications, such as security, transparency, and openness. BFT-based consensus mechanisms are widely adopted in the permissioned blockchain to meet the high scalability requirements of the network. Sybil attacks are one of the most potential threats when applying BFT-based consensus mechanisms in permissionless blockchain due to the lack of effective verification mechanisms for participants' identities. This paper presents a novel endorsement-based bootstrapping protocol with a signature algorithm that offers a streamlined, scalable identity endorsement and verification process. This approach effectively safeguards the BFT-based consensus mechanism against Sybil attacks. Using our proposed method, we have conducted thorough security analyses and simulation experiments to assess security, robustness, and scalability advantages in large-scale networks. Our results demonstrate that the scheme can effectively address the identity verification challenges when applying BFT-based consensus in a permissionless blockchain.
description: Accepted at IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC), 2024