cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Observational Implications of Cosmological Event Horizons
Creators: name: Kaloper, Nemanja
name: Kleban, Matthew
name: Sorbo, Lorenzo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a universe dominated by a small cosmological constant or by eternal dark energy with equation of state w < -1/3, observers are surrounded by event horizons. The horizons limit how much of the universe the observers can ever access. We argue that this implies a bound N~60 on the number of e-folds of inflation that will ever be observable in our universe if the scale of the dark energy today is ~(10^{-3} eV)^4. This bound is independent of how long inflation lasted, or for how long we continue to observe the sky. The bound arises because the imprints of the inflationary perturbations thermalize during the late acceleration of the universe. They "inflate away" just like the initial inhomogeneities during ordinary inflation. Thus the current CMB data may be looking as far back in the history of the universe as will ever be possible, making our era a most opportune time to study cosmology.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures; v2: few typos fixed, to appear in PLB
IG-RL: Inductive Graph Reinforcement Learning for Massive-Scale Traffic Signal Control
Creators: name: Devailly, François-Xavier
name: Larocque, Denis
name: Charlin, Laurent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Scaling adaptive traffic-signal control involves dealing with combinatorial state and action spaces. Multi-agent reinforcement learning attempts to address this challenge by distributing control to specialized agents. However, specialization hinders generalization and transferability, and the computational graphs underlying neural-networks architectures -- dominating in the multi-agent setting -- do not offer the flexibility to handle an arbitrary number of entities which changes both between road networks, and over time as vehicles traverse the network. We introduce Inductive Graph Reinforcement Learning (IG-RL) based on graph-convolutional networks which adapts to the structure of any road network, to learn detailed representations of traffic-controllers and their surroundings. Our decentralized approach enables learning of a transferable-adaptive-traffic-signal-control policy. After being trained on an arbitrary set of road networks, our model can generalize to new road networks, traffic distributions, and traffic regimes, with no additional training and a constant number of parameters, enabling greater scalability compared to prior methods. Furthermore, our approach can exploit the granularity of available data by capturing the (dynamic) demand at both the lane and the vehicle levels. The proposed method is tested on both road networks and traffic settings never experienced during training. We compare IG-RL to multi-agent reinforcement learning and domain-specific baselines. In both synthetic road networks and in a larger experiment involving the control of the 3,971 traffic signals of Manhattan, we show that different instantiations of IG-RL outperform baselines.
description: 11 pages, 10 figures, 1 table. IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems (2021)
Relativistically invariant quantum information
Creators: name: Bartlett, Stephen D.
name: Terno, Daniel R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that quantum information can be encoded into entangled states of multiple indistinguishable particles in such a way that any inertial observer can prepare, manipulate, or measure the encoded state independent of their Lorentz reference frame. Such relativistically invariant quantum information is free of the difficulties associated with encoding into spin or other degrees of freedom in a relativistic context.
description: 5 pages, published version
Food Loss Foot Print: Implications for Food Security and Environment in India
Creators: name: Ravi, S.C.
name: Ravi, S.C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy

description: It is projected that, India s population would reach1.69 billion by 2050 and the demand for cereals is estimated to be around 390 to 465 mt. Presently 14.5 per cent of India s population is undernourished, thus posing a serious question on food security? On the other hand, food is lost due to various harvest and post harvest losses. The food lost serves as opportunity cost for the economy as well environment. Hence, this study focuses on food loss, its impact on food security and environment. The food loss footprint was calculated using the methodology developed by FAO. Results revealed that, carbon foot print was more in case of cereals (13.37 mt of CO2 equivalent). Of the total blue water that was utilized in producing the lost food, 59 per cent of the lost blue water was used for cereal production. The land and water saved by reducing the food loss could be used more efficiently in producing extra food. Lost food can be used to achieve food security. Timely harvesting and use of mechanization in harvesting is needed. There is a need to develop efficient supply chain network. Aerobic rice cultivation needs to be promoted to reduce GHG emission. Acknowledgement : The authors wishes to thanl, Food and Agriculture Organization, Rome; AICRP on Post Harvest Technology, CIPHET, PAU, Ludhiana; Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare, Government of India, New Delhi and Inspire Fellowship, Department of Science and Technology, Government of India, New Delhi.
Flavor decomposition of the sea quark helicity distributions in the nucleon from semi-inclusive deep-inelastic scattering
Creators: name: HERMES Collaboration
name: Airapetian, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Double-spin asymmetries of semi-inclusive cross sections for the production of identified pions and kaons have been measured in deep-inelastic scattering of polarized positrons on a polarized deuterium target. Five helicity distributions including those for three sea quark flavors were extracted from these data together with re-analyzed previous data for identified pions from a hydrogen target. These distributions are consistent with zero for all three sea flavors. A recently predicted flavor asymmetry in the polarization of the light quark sea appears to be disfavored by the data.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Effect of Coulomb Interaction on Seebeck Coefficient of Organic Dirac Electron System $α$-(BEDT-TTF)$_2$I$_3$
Creators: name: Ohki, Daigo
name: Omori, Yukiko
name: Kobayashi, Akito
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by the results of recent thermoelectric effect studies, we show the effects of Coulomb interactions on the Seebeck coefficient based on an extended Hubbard model that describes the electronic states of a slightly doped organic Dirac electron system, $α$-(BEDT-TTF)$_2$I$_3$. Our results indicate that the Hartree terms of the Coulomb interactions enhance the electron-hole asymmetry of the energy band structure and change the energy dependence of the relaxation time from impurity scattering, which reflects the shape of the density of states. Thus, the Seebeck coefficient exhibits a non-monotonic $T$ dependence which qualitatively agrees with the experimental results. Furthermore, we also show that the signs of the Seebeck coefficient and the Hall coefficient calculated by linear response theory do not necessarily correspond to the sign of the chemical potential using a modified Weyl model with electron-hole asymmetry. These results point out that changing the electron-hole asymmetry by strong Coulomb interaction has the potential to controllable the sign and value of the Seebeck coefficient in the Dirac electron systems.
Pork price transmission and efficiency in China
Creators: name: Mu, Y.
name: Mu, Y.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis

description: Based on monthly prices data from retail markets from 2000 to 2015, this article studies spatial transmission of piglet,hog and pork, and also the determinants and efficiency of pork price transmission in China. A vector error correction model (VECM) and stochastic frontier model are estimated.The estimated VECM shows that violations of spatial price equilibrium are corrected faster between provinces in close proximity. The stochastic frontier shows that price transmission is more efficient between provinces with closer distance, common borders , higher quantity of highway per capita and more production. The distance makes the highest contribution to pork price transmission efficiency, a 1 % change in distance between two provincial markets, a 9.33% growth in price transmission efficiency. We conclude that proximity matters for market integration processes in Chinese pork markets. Acknowledgement :
Local well-posedness for the quasi-linear Hamiltonian Schrödinger equation on tori
Creators: name: Feola, Roberto
name: Iandoli, Felice
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove a local in time well-posedness result for quasi-linear Hamiltonian Schrödinger equations on $\mathbb{T}^d$ for any $d\geq 1$. For any initial condition in the Sobolev space $H^s$, with $s$ large, we prove the existence and unicity of classical solutions of the Cauchy problem associated to the equation. The lifespan of such a solution depends only on the size of the initial datum. Moreover we prove the continuity of the solution map.
description: Some typos have been corrected
Melissodes (Melissodes) tessellatus LaBerge 1956
Creators: name: Pedro, Diego De
name: Ceccarelli, Fadia Sara
name: Sagot, Philippe
name: López-Reyes, Eulogio
name: Mullins, Jessica L.
name: Mérida-Rivas, Jorge A.
name: Falcon-Brindis, Armando
name: Griswold, Terry
name: Ascher, John S.
name: Gardner, Joel
name: Ayala, Ricardo
name: Vides-Borrell, Eric
name: Vandame, Rémy
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: Melissodes (Melissodes) tessellatus LaBerge, 1956
[Holotype: SEMC; ♂ Idyllwild, California, USA; August 3, 1935]
This species is possibly the most abundant Melissodes species in the BCP. M. tessellatus is distributed along the western coast of North America. It has been documented in nearly all ecoregions across the three provinces within the BCP. Based on our own data from the peninsula, its flight season spans from March to November. We reviewed 19 specimens (CASC) and collected 146 specimens (101 ♀, 45 ♂) in 2019, 2020, and 2021 (Supplementary material 1). See fig. 112.
description: Published as part of Pedro, Diego De, Ceccarelli, Fadia Sara, Sagot, Philippe, López-Reyes, Eulogio, Mullins, Jessica L., Mérida-Rivas, Jorge A., Falcon-Brindis, Armando, Griswold, Terry, Ascher, John S., Gardner, Joel, Ayala, Ricardo, Vides-Borrell, Eric & Vandame, Rémy, 2024, Revealing the Baja California Peninsula's Hidden Treasures: An Annotated checklist of the native bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila), pp. 1-391 in Zootaxa 5522 (1) on page 180, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5522.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/13920532
Chemical abundances of planet-host stars: Results for alpha and Fe-group elements
Creators: name: Bodaghee, A.
name: Santos, N. C.
name: Israelian, G.
name: Mayor, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we present a study of the abundances of Si, Ca, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Co, and Ni in a large set of stars known to harbor giant planets, as well as in a comparison sample of stars not known to have any planet ary-mass companions. We have checked for possible chemical differences between planet hosts and field stars without known planets. Our results show that overall, and for a given value of [Fe/H], the abundance trends for the planet hosts are nearly indistinguishable from those of the field stars. In general, the trends show no discontinuities,and the abundance distributions of stars with giant planets are high [Fe/H] extensions to the curves traced by the field dwarfs without planets. The only elements that might present slight differences between the two groups of stars are V, Mn, and to a lesser extent Ti and Co. We also use the available data to describe galactic chemical evolution trends for the elements studied. When comparing the results with former studies, a few differences emerge for the high [Fe/H] tail of the distribution, a region that is sampled with unprecedented detail in our analysis.
description: Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
THE SUB-OPTIMALITY OF THE BEEF CYCLE
Creators: name: Hertzler, Greg
name: Cothern, James H.
name: Hertzler, Greg
name: Cothern, James H.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1979
Subjects: Livestock Production/Industries

description: The supply of beef is investigated using spectral analysis. The 2-1/2 year lag from herd build up until production is realized requires decisions based on future prices. Producers react instead to past prices, and the cycle results. Optimal control applied to an investment model shows the cycle to be sub-optimal.
Fructooligosaccharides synthesized by fructosyltransferase from an indigenous coprophilous Aspergillus niger strain XOBP48 exhibits antioxidant activity
Creators: name: Ojwach, Jeff
name: Kumar, Ajith
name: Mukaratirwa, Samson
name: Mutanda, Taurai
Publisher: name: Mangosuthu University of Technology (MUT)
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Fructooligosaccharides (FOS) produced via sucrose biotransformation by partially purified Fructosyltransferase (Ftase) from an indigenous coprophilous Aspergillus niger strain XOBP48 (AnXOBP48) are reported to have antioxidant and nutraceutical properties in the present study. The Ftase activity on sucrose yielded FOS identified as monomeric glucose, 1- kestose (GF2), and 1,1– kestotetraose (GF3) which were further purified and quantified using HPLC-RI system. The antioxidant activities of purified FOS at concentrations of 1, 1.5, 3, 6, 12, 24 and 48 μg/ml were determined by applying three experimental models and comparing their properties with FOS stan?dards and vitamin C. The free radical scavenging activity measured by 1,1 - diphenyl-2-picryl hydroxyl (DPPH) assay, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay and nitric oxide (NO) radical inhibition assay, yielded IC50 values of 2.6 μg/ml, 3.9 μg/ml and 3.4 μg/ml, 3.8 μg/ml and 0.69 μg/ml, 0.74 for purified GF2 and GF3, respectively. The free radical scavenging and inhibition activities showed a concentration dependent antioxidant activity of purified FOS with no significant differences as compared to the standards p < 0.01 and vitamin C. In conclusion, the results demonstrated that purified FOS could be exploited in biotechnological applications and/ or as to be used as functional ingredients in commercial products such as the production of nutraceutical compounds due to their potential antioxidant properties.
'Co' na świecie, 'Covid' w Europie i Ameryce?
Creators: name: Rafał Pązik
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Covid-19, pandemia, SARS-cov2, world, statistics

description: Covid-19 na "świecie". Zestawienie różnych statystyk z wykresami i tabelami- aktualizaja na 26 Marzec 2021.
Gender and development: The role of women in the formal economic and political spheres in the United Arab Emirates
Creators: name: Al-Oraimi, Suaad Zayed
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: This dissertation explores the relationship between women's political rights and their role in the economic development process in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) from 1982 to 2002. While women are integrated in the public life as workers, they have limited access to the top positions in the government hierarchy and are completely denied political rights. Specifically, this study (1) examines the ways in which the structured cultural factors, such as religion, traditions, customs, and constitutional laws influence the nature and practice of political life for women, (2) addresses how aspects of gender, tribal identity, and neopatriarchy are articulated in UAE society, as well as how they impact social change and the development of women in the public life, and (3) presents how culture, economy, and politics affect each other, as they are eternally joined and cannot be separated. To expose the existing reality of women's lives in the UAE, this research is guided by a theoretical framework that includes development theories, such as modernization, dependency and neopatriarchy as well as feminist theories. Women's experiences of everyday life in the UAE are the source of investigation, in that the study draws upon 65 face-to-face interviews, 35 focus groups, field observations, and informal discussions that emerged from five months of fieldwork throughout the seven Emirates. To gain a specific understanding of women's economic and political position, the research utilizes statistical evidence from the government archive. The findings of this research can be summarized in the following five declarations: First, women's achievement in the labor force does not push them toward politics. Second, because of oil wealth and modernization, culture is impacted by external aspects to create neopatriarchy. Third, this neopatriarchy sets up barriers for women in politics that are not in the labor force. Fourth, women in the UAE wish to take part in politics, but only through their social groups. This dissertation asserts that in order for any advancement to take place, women need to empower themselves from within, as a collective movement and as individuals, as well as recognize their potential as a social, economic, and political power.
Rational Choice Hypothesis as X-point of Utility Function and Norm Function
Creators: name: Kato, Takeshi
name: Kudo, Yasuyuki
name: Miyakoshi, Junichi
name: Otsuka, Jun
name: Saigo, Hayato
name: Karasawa, Kaori
name: Yamaguchi, Hiroyuki
name: Deguchi, Yasuo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Economics (econ.GN)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: 91C99

description: Towards the realization of a sustainable, fair and inclusive society, we proposed a novel decision-making model that incorporates social norms in a rational choice model from the standpoints of deontology and utilitarianism. We proposed a hypothesis that interprets choice of action as the X-point for individual utility function that increases with actions and social norm function that decreases with actions. This hypothesis is based on humans psychologically balancing the value of utility and norms in selecting actions. Using the hypothesis and approximation, we were able to isolate and infer utility function and norm function from real-world measurement data of actions on environmental conditions and elucidate the interaction between the both functions that led from current status to target actions. As examples of collective data that aggregate decision-making of individuals, we looked at the changes in power usage before and after the Great East Japan Earthquake and the correlation between national GDP and CO2 emission in different countries. The first example showed that the perceived benefits of power (i.e., utility of power usage) was stronger than the power usage restrictions imposed by norms after the earthquake, contrary to our expectation. The second example showed that a reduction of CO2 emission in each country was not related to utility derived from GDP but to norms related to CO2 emission. Going forward, we will apply this new X-point model to actual social practices involving normative problems, and design the approaches for the diagnosis, prognosis and intervention of social systems by IT systems.
description: 15 pages, 13 figures. Published online at http://redfame.com/journal/index.php/aef/article/view/4890 . Related to arXiv:2002.09037
Melissodes (Melissodes) thelypodii Cockerell 1905
Creators: name: Pedro, Diego De
name: Ceccarelli, Fadia Sara
name: Sagot, Philippe
name: López-Reyes, Eulogio
name: Mullins, Jessica L.
name: Mérida-Rivas, Jorge A.
name: Falcon-Brindis, Armando
name: Griswold, Terry
name: Ascher, John S.
name: Gardner, Joel
name: Ayala, Ricardo
name: Vides-Borrell, Eric
name: Vandame, Rémy
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: Melissodes (Melissodes) thelypodii Cockerell, 1905
[Holotype: USNM; ♀ La Cueva about 1615 mts, Organ Mts., New Mexico, USA; September 4]
This species is distributed from Central America to the southern USA. Within the BCP, it has been collected along the Pacific coast in the Succulent Coastal Matorral, Vizcaíno Desert, and Sarcocaulescent Shrubland. Specimens from the BCP are vouchered in the INHS and TAMU (SCAN 2023). See fig. 112.
description: Published as part of Pedro, Diego De, Ceccarelli, Fadia Sara, Sagot, Philippe, López-Reyes, Eulogio, Mullins, Jessica L., Mérida-Rivas, Jorge A., Falcon-Brindis, Armando, Griswold, Terry, Ascher, John S., Gardner, Joel, Ayala, Ricardo, Vides-Borrell, Eric & Vandame, Rémy, 2024, Revealing the Baja California Peninsula's Hidden Treasures: An Annotated checklist of the native bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila), pp. 1-391 in Zootaxa 5522 (1) on page 180, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5522.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/13920532
title: Modelling Rates of Cognitive Decline in Patients with a Dementing Illness
Creators: name: Beaumont, Helen
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2007

description: Optima is an Oxford-based longitudinal study of people with dementia, and non-demented elderly. The results of cognitive tests of 123 Optima patients with dementia (age at first visit 44 - 89 years, mean 72.2; 76 females, 47 males; 2 - 2 1 visits, mean 7.9) are analysed. The test used was the cognitive component of the Cambridge Mental Disorders of the Elderly Examination (Camdex). The rate of decline varies markedly between patients; in their first year a few patients show an increased score; the mean decline is 14 Camcog points, and the maximum 61. The decline of individual patients is modelled by fitting the test scores with the binomial or logistic variant of the general logistic model (as shown in figure 1.1), generally giving a good fit to the data. A method of centering the individual curves about the midpoint of the cognitive scale is developed, which puts patients on a common time-scale and allows all the data to be incorporated into a single fixed-effects model. This method has the power to look at many possible covariates and identify those which apparently have significant effects. A random-effects model is then adopted (theoretically more plausible) to carry out a more rigorous analysis which confirms these results. Both models show the rate of decline is strongly affected by: • Age at Camcog midpoint • Initial homocysteine level • APOE genotype • Anti-cholinesterase drugs In order to show the relative effects of these covariates the idea of the decline ratio, similar to the odds-ratio, is introduced. Its purpose is to quantify the effect of one variable on the progress of the disease, all other things being equal. Younger patients, those with the APOE44 allele and those without the APOE44 allele but with an initially high level of homocysteine, are more likely to have a rapidly progressing illness. Patients who take anticholinesterase drugs in the early stages of their illness are likely to show a slower decline.
RustHorn: CHC-based Verification for Rust Programs (full version)
Creators: name: Matsushita, Yusuke
name: Tsukada, Takeshi
name: Kobayashi, Naoki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Reduction to the satisfiability problem for constrained Horn clauses (CHCs) is a widely studied approach to automated program verification. The current CHC-based methods for pointer-manipulating programs, however, are not very scalable. This paper proposes a novel translation of pointer-manipulating Rust programs into CHCs, which clears away pointers and memories by leveraging ownership. We formalize the translation for a simplified core of Rust and prove its correctness. We have implemented a prototype verifier for a subset of Rust and confirmed the effectiveness of our method.
description: Full version of the same-titled paper in ESOP2020
Household and community: Kent County, Maryland, 1631--1676
Creators: name: Cawley, Alexandra Silver
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Examination of the seventeenth-century English settlement of Kent County, Maryland, provides an ideal opportunity to closely identify and analyze the economic ties, social connections, and shared values that developed among colonists during the first forty years of settlement. These bonds show that the early colonial Chesapeake's social structure was more cohesive than is traditionally believed. Demographic challenges such as high mortality, skewed sex ratios, the prevalence of a young single population of indentured servants, and complex blended families required flexibility and adaptability in order for settlers to pursue their goals of land ownership, economic independence, family formation, and provision for future generations. While the colonists of Maryland's first Eastern Shore county suffered those demographic challenges, they persisted with enough continuity and longevity to form a core population. Through analysis of land patents, Kent County and Provincial Court records, wills and inventories, the Kent County settlement between 1631 and 1676 is reconstructed. Over 1200 individuals are identified and many are physically located on their land. Population longevity and continuity of leadership are identified. Multiple connections between settlers and households are also elucidated. Extensive economic ties, complex blended families, frequent interaction, familiarity with neighbors' households, and shared values emerge from analysis of civil and criminal court cases. Wills and inventories further define the quality of relationships both through the debt relations uncovered and the practice of leaving bequests to clearly identifiable friends and children. The records of Kent Island show that community bonds of friendship and support were the norm, rather than an oddity, in this early colonial settlement. While discord certainly existed, a reconstruction of the settlement reveals the existence of a persistent population capable of creating a complex web of social and economic relationships. The early Chesapeake social structure was not scattered, individualistic, or atomistic. Rather, colonists worked and socialized together with some frequency, fulfilling legal, functional, and emotional needs for survival, and, in the process, created a community that worked together toward shared goals and values.
Estimation of Income-Expenditure Relationships for Beef Using Spline Functions
Creators: name: Huang, Chung-Liang
name: Raunikar, Robert
name: Huang, Chung-Liang
name: Raunikar, Robert
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1979
Subjects: Consumer/Household Economics

description: Income-expenditure relationships are important components in many economic models used to project food expenditure and in understanding food expenditure related behavior. While the empirical estimation of income-expenditure relations have concentrated on the effects of income variations on the level of expenditure. However, the problem associated with the assumption of structural homogeneity in the analysis of household expenditure behavior has received less attention in the applied literature.
Scaling of the anomalous Hall effect in Sr$_{1-x}$Ca$_x$RuO$_3$
Creators: name: Mathieu, R.
name: Asamitsu, A.
name: Yamada, H.
name: Takahashi, K. S.
name: Kawasaki, M.
name: Fang, Z.
name: Nagaosa, N.
name: Tokura, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The anomalous Hall effect (AHE) of ferromagnetic thin films of Sr$_{1-x}$Ca$_{x}$RuO$_3$ (0 $\leq x \leq$ 0.4) is studied as a function of $x$ and temperature $T$. As $x$ increases, both the transition temperature $T_c$ and the magnetization $M$ are reduced and vanish near $x \sim$ 0.7. For all compositions, the transverse resistivity $ρ_{H}$ varies non-monotonously with $T$, and even changes sign, thus violating the conventional expression $ρ_{H}=R_o B + 4πR_s M(T)$ ($B$ is the magnetic induction, while $R_o$ and $R_s$ are the ordinary and anomalous Hall coefficients). From the rather complicated data of $ρ_H$, we find a scaling behavior of the transverse conductivity $σ_{xy}$ with $M(T)$, which is well reproduced by the first-principles band calculation assuming the intrinsic origin of the AHE.
description: REVTeX 4 style; 5 pages, 3 figures; revised 23/2 and accepted for publication
Household and community: Kent County, Maryland, 1631--1676
Creators: name: Cawley, Alexandra Silver
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 43
subject: History, heritage and archaeology
classificationCode: 4303
subject: Historical studies

description: Examination of the seventeenth-century English settlement of Kent County, Maryland, provides an ideal opportunity to closely identify and analyze the economic ties, social connections, and shared values that developed among colonists during the first forty years of settlement. These bonds show that the early colonial Chesapeake's social structure was more cohesive than is traditionally believed. Demographic challenges such as high mortality, skewed sex ratios, the prevalence of a young single population of indentured servants, and complex blended families required flexibility and adaptability in order for settlers to pursue their goals of land ownership, economic independence, family formation, and provision for future generations. While the colonists of Maryland's first Eastern Shore county suffered those demographic challenges, they persisted with enough continuity and longevity to form a core population. Through analysis of land patents, Kent County and Provincial Court records, wills and inventories, the Kent County settlement between 1631 and 1676 is reconstructed. Over 1200 individuals are identified and many are physically located on their land. Population longevity and continuity of leadership are identified. Multiple connections between settlers and households are also elucidated. Extensive economic ties, complex blended families, frequent interaction, familiarity with neighbors' households, and shared values emerge from analysis of civil and criminal court cases. Wills and inventories further define the quality of relationships both through the debt relations uncovered and the practice of leaving bequests to clearly identifiable friends and children. The records of Kent Island show that community bonds of friendship and support were the norm, rather than an oddity, in this early colonial settlement. While discord certainly existed, a reconstruction of the settlement reveals the existence of a persistent population capable of creating a complex web of social and economic relationships. The early Chesapeake social structure was not scattered, individualistic, or atomistic. Rather, colonists worked and socialized together with some frequency, fulfilling legal, functional, and emotional needs for survival, and, in the process, created a community that worked together toward shared goals and values.
Mid-Infrared Diagnostics of the Circumnuclear Environments of the Youngest Radio Galaxies
Creators: name: Kosmaczewski, E.
name: Stawarz, L.
name: Siemiginowska, A.
name: Cheung, C. C.
name: Ostorero, L.
name: Sobolewska, M.
name: Koziel-Wierzbowska, D.
name: Wojtowicz, A.
name: Marchenko, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a systematic analysis of the mid-infrared (MIR) properties of the youngest radio galaxies, based on low-resolution data provided by the {\it WISE} and {\it IRAS} satellites. We restrict our analysis to sources with available X-ray data that constitute the earliest phase of radio galaxy evolution, i.e. those classified as Gigahertz Peaked Spectrum (GPS) and/or Compact Symmetric Objects (CSOs). In our sample of 29 objects, we find that the host galaxies are predominantly red/yellow ellipticals, with some of them displaying distorted morphology. We find a variety of MIR colors, and observe that the sources in which the MIR emission is dominated by the ISM component uniformly populate the region occupied by galaxies with a wide range of pronounced ($\geq 0.5 M_{\odot}$\,yr$^{-1}$) star formation activity. We compare the MIR color distribution in our sample to that in the general population of local AGN, in the population of evolved FR\,II radio galaxies, and also in the population of radio galaxies with recurrent jet activity. We conclude that the triggering of radio jets in AGN does not differentiate between elliptical hosts with substantially different fractions of young stars; instead there is a relationship between the jet duty cycle and the ongoing star formation. The distribution of the sub-sample of our sources with $z<0.4$ on the low-resolution MIR vs. absorption-corrected X-ray luminosity plane is consistent with the distribution of a sample of local AGN. Finally, we comment on the star formation rates of the two $γ$-ray detected sources in our sample, 1146+596 \& 1718--649.
description: Revised version, accepted by the Astrophysical Journal
Effects of stress modulation on morphine-induced conditioned place preferences in F344, LEW and Sprague-Dawley rat strains
Creators: name: Grakalic, Ivana
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 52
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Although stress appears to be directly related to drug use in a variety of outbred rat strains, this relationship seems indirect in inbred F344 and LEW rats, For example, the hyperresponsive F344 strain prefers drugs to a lesser degree than the hyporesponsive LEW strain. This indirect relationship with these selective strains is based on the correlation between hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis reactivity and drug intake. To date, however, there are no reports on the direct effects of stress on drug use in these strains. The present study investigated the effects of increased (Experiment 1) and decreased (Experiment 2) stress on morphine-induced place preferences in male LEW, F344 and Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. In Experiment 1, animals were exposed to an injection of methyl-6,7-dimethoxy-4-ethyl-beta-carboline-3-carboxylate and 2-hr restraint stress followed by an assessment of morphine-induced place preferences (1, 4 or 10 mg/kg sc). In Experiment 2, animals were chronically exposed to the nonpeptide corticotropin releasing hormone type I receptor antagonist, antalarmin, prior to place preference training. Following stress, SD rats displayed potentiated place preferences relative to the non-stressed SD rats. Conversely, stressed LEW rats decreased their place preferences relative to non-stressed LEW rats. Stress did not affect the F344 strain. Following antalarmin, SD and LEW rats displayed a decrease in morphine-induced place preferences relative to their controls. Conversely, antalarmin potentiated these preferences in F344 rats. To account for data from the outbred Sprague-Dawley rats, as well as the LEW and F344 strains, the relationship between stress and drug use cannot be described as linear. The effects of stress (induction and reduction) on the rewarding effects of drugs are, instead, discussed in the context of a non-monotonic function, a model that is consistent with the continued use of the select rat strains as animal models of drug abuse.
Symmetry indicators of band topology
Creators: name: Po, Hoi Chun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Topological materials are quantum materials with nontrivial ground-state entanglement that are irremovable so long as certain rules, like invariance under symmetries and the existence of an energy gap, are respected. They showcase unconventional properties like robust anomalous surface states and quantized physical responses. The intense research efforts in understanding topological materials result in a modernized perspective on the decades-old theory of symmetry representations in electronic band structures, and inspire the development of general theories that enable the efficient diagnosis of topological materials using only symmetry data. One example is the theory of symmetry indicators of band topology, which is the focus of this topical review. We will aim at providing a pedagogical introduction to the key concepts and constructions in the theory, alongside with a brief summary of the latest development.
description: Review article; comments welcome. v2: close to published version
Effects of stress modulation on morphine-induced conditioned place preferences in F344, LEW and Sprague-Dawley rat strains
Creators: name: Grakalic, Ivana
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Although stress appears to be directly related to drug use in a variety of outbred rat strains, this relationship seems indirect in inbred F344 and LEW rats, For example, the hyperresponsive F344 strain prefers drugs to a lesser degree than the hyporesponsive LEW strain. This indirect relationship with these selective strains is based on the correlation between hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis reactivity and drug intake. To date, however, there are no reports on the direct effects of stress on drug use in these strains. The present study investigated the effects of increased (Experiment 1) and decreased (Experiment 2) stress on morphine-induced place preferences in male LEW, F344 and Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. In Experiment 1, animals were exposed to an injection of methyl-6,7-dimethoxy-4-ethyl-beta-carboline-3-carboxylate and 2-hr restraint stress followed by an assessment of morphine-induced place preferences (1, 4 or 10 mg/kg sc). In Experiment 2, animals were chronically exposed to the nonpeptide corticotropin releasing hormone type I receptor antagonist, antalarmin, prior to place preference training. Following stress, SD rats displayed potentiated place preferences relative to the non-stressed SD rats. Conversely, stressed LEW rats decreased their place preferences relative to non-stressed LEW rats. Stress did not affect the F344 strain. Following antalarmin, SD and LEW rats displayed a decrease in morphine-induced place preferences relative to their controls. Conversely, antalarmin potentiated these preferences in F344 rats. To account for data from the outbred Sprague-Dawley rats, as well as the LEW and F344 strains, the relationship between stress and drug use cannot be described as linear. The effects of stress (induction and reduction) on the rewarding effects of drugs are, instead, discussed in the context of a non-monotonic function, a model that is consistent with the continued use of the select rat strains as animal models of drug abuse.
Young and thuggin': The unresolved life of a young hustler
Creators: name: Reisinger, Heather Schacht
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: As Anthony's problems with the law continued to escalate, so did his encounters with law enforcement officials in his neighborhood. His attempts to find legal employment were also hindered by this escalation. While he was still an adolescent, Anthony entered substance abuse treatment on three different occasions for his drug-related problems. Although he was able to remain substance-free while in treatment each time, his problems continued because he was "addicted" to a drug dealing career. Like hundreds of thousands of other young African American men, Anthony is now in prison with a felony drug record. Rather than helping him find a different path in life, society has made his attempts to change more difficult. Through a political economic life history, Anthony and the author collaborate to tell the story of an individual carving out a life in the midst of a historically injustice socioeconomic context. The story details Anthony's family history, their move north to Baltimore during the World War II era, and the discrimination they faced as they built a new life. It also discusses changes in labor markets and the escalation of the War on Drugs and the impact of these forces on Anthony's life. A political economic life history allows structure and agency to come together as one, as a dialectic must. The questions driving this approach are: What do structure and agency look like as one force? What does the dialectic look like when it is not pulled apart? This life history is an attempt to present Anthony as fully human despite historical, racial, and ideological structures that divide and constrain his life. Keeping Anthony fully human throughout the story forces a common responsibility to an uncommon justice.
Young and thuggin': The unresolved life of a young hustler
Creators: name: Reisinger, Heather Schacht
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 44
subject: Human society
classificationCode: 4401
subject: Anthropology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: As Anthony's problems with the law continued to escalate, so did his encounters with law enforcement officials in his neighborhood. His attempts to find legal employment were also hindered by this escalation. While he was still an adolescent, Anthony entered substance abuse treatment on three different occasions for his drug-related problems. Although he was able to remain substance-free while in treatment each time, his problems continued because he was "addicted" to a drug dealing career. Like hundreds of thousands of other young African American men, Anthony is now in prison with a felony drug record. Rather than helping him find a different path in life, society has made his attempts to change more difficult. Through a political economic life history, Anthony and the author collaborate to tell the story of an individual carving out a life in the midst of a historically injustice socioeconomic context. The story details Anthony's family history, their move north to Baltimore during the World War II era, and the discrimination they faced as they built a new life. It also discusses changes in labor markets and the escalation of the War on Drugs and the impact of these forces on Anthony's life. A political economic life history allows structure and agency to come together as one, as a dialectic must. The questions driving this approach are: What do structure and agency look like as one force? What does the dialectic look like when it is not pulled apart? This life history is an attempt to present Anthony as fully human despite historical, racial, and ideological structures that divide and constrain his life. Keeping Anthony fully human throughout the story forces a common responsibility to an uncommon justice.
title: Tumor antigen processing and presentation on MHC Class II molecules for CD4⁺ T cell recognition in health and disease
Creators: name: Marturano, Jill
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2007

description: Animal models have shown that CD4+ T cells are required to achieve effective, long-lasting immunity to cancer. Less is known on the role and functional state in human disease of tumor antigen specific CD4+ T cells. These cells recognise epitopes from tumor antigens presented by MHC-II molecules on professional antigen presenting cells and also directly on tumor cells. MAGE-3 is a tumor specific antigen expressed in tumors of different histology but not healthy tissues and so is an ideal candidate for immunotherapeutic purposes. MAGE-3 CD4 naturally processed epitopes have been described. The aims of the project were to analyse how processing influences the repertoire of MAGE-3 CD4 epitopes formed in different antigen expressing cell types and the role of MAGE-3 epitope specific CD4+ T cells in the natural response of advanced melanoma patients. Formation of epitopes through the exogenous pathway was differently influenced by endosomal proteases. Indeed, depending on the epitope studied cysteine and aspartic proteases lead to epitope formation or destruction affecting the repertoire presented in vivo. No clear data were obtained to understand the processing pathways in tumor cells, as formation of the studied epitope was unaffected by cytosolic proteases and did not require autophagy. Most patients had circulating MAGE-3 specific CD4+ T cells, mainly unpolarized or producing anti-inflammatory cytokines suggesting an impairment of the anti-MAGE-3 CD4+ T cell response in advanced stages of disease. The repertoire of epitopes recognised confirmed the immunodominance of previously described epitopes and correlated well with the results of in vitro processing studies. Collectively, these experiments show that anti-MAGE-3 CD4+ T cell responses develop in vivo and that the repertoire of epitopes formed and recognised is influenced by endosomal proteases. Further studies are needed to investigate factors determining impairment of CD4+ T cell function in advanced stages and ways to overcome this dysfunction.
A MONTE CARLO ANALYSIS OF THE ESTIMATION OF EXPORT DEMAND
Creators: name: Binkley, James K.
name: McKinzie, Lance
name: Binkley, James K.
name: McKinzie, Lance
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1979
Subjects: International Relations/Trade

description: A simple two-country trading model was used to compare three methods of estimating export demand: OLS; TSLS; and TSLS applied to domestic ruves from which were derived excess demand. Estimator performance depends primarily on relative error variances around excess supply and demand. The third method was generally superior.
Search for the Decay B0 -> ppbar
Creators: name: BaBar Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the result of a search for the charmless two-body baryonic decay B^0 -> ppbar in a sample of 88 million Y(4S) -> BBbar decays collected by the BaBar detector at the SLAC PEP-II asymmetric-energy $B$ Factory. We use Cherenkov radiation to identify protons cleanly, and determine the signal yield with a maximum-likelihood fit technique using kinematic and topological information. We find no evidence for a signal and place a 90% confidence-level upper limit of BF(B^0 -> ppbar) < 2.7 x 10^-7.
description: Submitted to Phys. Rev. D (Rapid Communications)
INTERNATIONAL TRADE, CARTELS, CUSTOMS UNIONS AND CENTRALLY PLANNED ECONOMIES
Creators: name: Chambers, Robert G.
name: Chambers, Robert G.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1979
Subjects: International Relations/Trade

description: A simple 2 x 2 model of international trade is used to demonstrate that an international cartel or customs unions, with monopoly power in trade, may prefer autarky to tariff protected trade if a distortionary wage differential exists. Com— parative static results are also investigated.