Hexalobus crispiflorus A. Rich., Sagra, Hist. phys. Cuba, Bot. Pl. vasc. 1: 43 1845
Creators: name: Couvreur, Thomas L. P.
name: Dagallier, Leo-Paul M. J.
name: Crozier, Francoise
name: Ghogue, Jean-Paul
name: Hoekstra, Paul H.
name: Kamdem, Narcisse G.
name: Johnson, David M.
name: Murray, Nancy A.
name: Sonke, Bonaventure
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliales
Annonaceae
Hexalobus
Hexalobus crispiflorus

description: Hexalobus crispiflorus A. Rich., Sagra, Hist. phys. Cuba, Bot. Pl. vasc. 1: 43, 1845 Figs 31, 32; Map 4F = Hexalobus grandiflorus Benth., Trans. Linn. Soc. London 23(3): 468, 1862. Type. Cameroon. South-West Region, "Ambas Bay", <i>Mann G. 709</i>, 1861: lectotype, here designated, sheet here designated: K[K000582047]; isolectotypes: GH <i>n.v.</i>; K[K000105530, K000105529]; P[P00315844, P00315845]. = Hexalobus grandiflorus Benth. var. inaequilaterifolius Engl., Monogr. Afrik. Pflanzen.-Fam. 6: 57, 1901. Type. Republic of Congo: Cuvette, "Bonga, Sanga", <i>Schlechter F.R.R. 12685</i>, Aug 1899: holotype: B <i>n.v.</i>; isotypes: BR[BR0000006915513]; WRSL <i>n.v.</i> = Hexalobus lujae De Wild., Bull. Jard. Bot. État Brux. 4: 389, 1914. Type. Democratic Republic of the Congo. Kasai-Oriental, Sankuru, <i>Luja E.P. s.n.</i>, Jun 1910: lectotype, sheet here designated: BR[BR0000008800336]; isotypes: BR[BR0000008800008, BR0000008799906]. = Hexalobus crispiflorus A.Rich. subsp. strigulosus R.E.Fr., Acta Horti Berg. 10: 71, 1930. Type. Cameroon. no location, Deistel H. 99, no date: holotype: B[B 10 0184706]; isotypes: B[B 10 0184707, B 10 0184708, B 10 0184706, B 10 0184709, B 10 0184710, B 10 0184711]; GH; M[M0089315, M0089316]; P[P00486245]. = Hexalobus mbula Exell, J. Bot. 70, suppl. Polypet.: 206, 1932. Type. Angola. Cabinda, Buco Zau, Fazenda Alsyra, <i>Gossweiler J. 6939</i>, 20 Jan 1917: lectotype, designated by Botermans et al. (2011), p. 41: BM <i>n.v.</i>; isolectotypes: COI[COI00077206]; LISC[LISC000086, LISC000089, LISC000085, LISC000088, LISC000087]. Type. Guinea. Labé; Fouta D’hiallon [Djallon], <i>Heudelot, J. 865</i>, Apr 1838: lectotype, sheet here designated: P[P00315839]; isotypes: P[P00315842, P00486270, P00315841]; G[G00011589]. Description. <b>Tree, 25-40 m tall</b>, d.b.h. up to 100 cm; stilt roots or buttresses absent, <b>trunk deeply fluted</b>. Indumentum of simple hairs; old leafless branches glabrous, young foliate branches densely pubescent. Leaves: petiole 2-8 mm long, 1-3 mm in diameter, densely pubescent, grooved, blade inserted on the side of the petiole; blade <b>7.2-25 cm long</b>, 2.5-8.5 cm wide, ovate to obovate, apex acuminate, acumen 0.5-1.5 cm long, base cuneate to cordate, coriaceous, below glabrous when young and old, above sparsely pubescent when young, sparsely pubescent when old, concolorous; midrib sunken or flat, above pubescent when young and old, below pubescent when young and old; secondary veins 9 to 19 pairs; tertiary venation reticulate. Individuals bisexual; inflorescences ramiflorous on old leafless or young foliate branches, axillary. Flowers with 9 perianth parts in 2 whorls, 1 to 3 per inflorescence; <b>pedicel 12-25 mm long</b>, 1-2 mm in diameter, glabrous; in fruit 10-30 mm long, 4-5 mm in diameter, glabrous; bracts 5 to 6, several basal and two (sometimes fused) towards the upper half of the pedicel, basal bracts 3-9 mm long, 2-5 mm wide; upper bracts 8-12 mm long, 4-9 mm wide; sepals 3, valvate, free, 12-21 mm long, 9-12 mm wide, ovate, apex acute, base truncate, brown, densely pubescent outside, densely pubescent inside, margins flat; petals basally fused, tube 4-10 mm long, purple, inner and outer whorl not differentiated, sub equal; lobes 37-80 mm long, 6-21 mm wide, elliptic, apex rounded, green to bright yellow, margins wavy, pubescent outside, pubescent with glabrous base inside, plicate; stamens 190 to 210, in 10 to 13 rows, 3-5 mm long, elongated; connective hemispheric, glabrous, cream; staminodes absent; <b>carpels free, 7 to 16</b>, ovary 2-5 mm long, stigma bilobed, slightly capitate, pubescent. Monocarps stipitate, ca. 2 mm long, 2-3 mm in diameter; monocarps 1 to 8, (42)50-95 mm long, 35-65 mm in diameter, ellipsoid to oblong, apex rounded, pubescent to glabrous, <b>smooth, not ribbed</b>, rusty-brown; seeds 12 to 36 per monocarp, 28-40 mm long, 17-20 mm in diameter, flattened ellipsoid; aril absent. Distribution. A widespread species, known from Guinea-Bissau to the Democratic Republic of Congo; in Cameroon known from the East, South, Central, Littoral and South-West regions. Habitat. A common species across the forested region of the country; in lowland or premontane periodically or non-inundated, primary or secondary rain forests, including gallery forests in savanna. Altitude 0-1000 m a.s.l. Local and common names known in Cameroon. évota, pota (dial. Bibaya, baka), owé (dial. Ewondo, <i>Letouzey 4433</i>); Ow (dial. Bulu, <i>Ndoum 129</i>); Owoe (South Province, <i>Mildbraed 5652</i>); Pota (dial. Bambindjere?, <i>Harris, Fay 516, 558, 883, 1518</i>). IUCN conservation status. Least Concern (LC) (Cosiaux et al. 2019m). Uses in Cameroon. <i>dyes and tannins</i>: lycosides, saponims, steroids. Uses in Cameroon. None recorded. Notes. <i>Hexalobus crispiflorus</i> is morphologically close to <i>H. salicifolius</i>, both being tall trees with deeply fluted trunks, similar flowers and growing in similar habitats. <i>Hexalobus crispiflorus</i> is however distinguished by its larger leaves (7.2-25 cm versus 5-10 cm long), more numerous carpels (7 to 16 versus 2 to 4 in <i>H. salicifolius</i>) and smooth monocarps (versus verrucose in <i>H. salicifolius</i>). Specimens examined. <b>Central Region</b>: Ndanan 2 to Mefou river, 3.62°N, 11.56°E, <i>13 October 2002</i>, <i>Cheek M.</i> 11064 (K,YA); Ottotomo Forest Reserve 1 km after reserve base near small loggers road, 3.66°N, 11.28°E, <i>25 June 2013</i>, <i>Couvreur T.L.P.</i> 446 (WAG,YA); Ottotomo Forest Reserve 3 km after reserve base near small loggers road, 3.66°N, 11.28°E, <i>08 September 2013</i>, <i>Couvreur T.L.P.</i> 506 (WAG,YA); Ottotomo Forest Reserve 45 km South of Yaoundé 5 km on path into reserve, 3.66°N, 11.28°E, <i>15 January 2015</i>, <i>Couvreur T.L.P.</i> 666 (WAG,YA). <b>East Region</b>: 73 km south of Yokadouma 30 km after Ngato 15 km after river ALPICAM 'base de vie’ then 40 km on forestry road starting 4 km before Maséa village, 3.16°N, 14.71°E, <i>04 March 2019</i>, <i>Couvreur T.L.P.</i> 1197 (MPU,WAG,YA); Sangha R (Ndakan), 2.78°N, 16°E, <i>08 March 1988</i>, <i>Fay J.M.</i> 8299 (F,MO,P); West side of Sangha River, 2.35°N, 16.13°E, <i>01 November 1988</i>, <i>Harris D.J.</i> 1518 (K,MO); West side of Sangha River, 2.35°N, 16.13°E, <i>02 August 1988</i>, <i>Harris D.J.</i> 883 (MO,P); Rives de la Sangha près Lidjombo 120 km au N de Ouesso, 2.61°N, 16°E, <i>08 April 1971</i>, <i>Letouzey R.</i> 10614 (P,YA); A 15 km au Sud de Djouo (20 km E de Somalomo dur le Dja), 3.32°N, 12.93°E, <i>25 February 1962</i>, <i>Letouzey R.</i> 4433 (P,YA); South Cameroon Forest Area Molundu District Bange forest between Lokomo Bumba and Bange, 2.83°N, 15.25°E, <i>22 February 1911</i>, <i>Mildbraed G.W.J.</i> 4539 (HBG); South Cameroon Forest Area Molundu District between Yokadouma (Post Plehn) and Assobam, 3.4°N, 14.38°E, <i>21 April 1911</i>, <i>Mildbraed G.W.J.</i> 4996 (HBG); Réserve de Biosphère du Dja vers 500 m de la station de Bouamir, 3.19°N, 12.81°E, <i>27 May 2001</i>, <i>Senterre B.</i> 1641 (BR); Layon nord-sud à partir de Djolimpoun (entre Somalomo-Malen), 3.33°N, 12.87°E, <i>13 September 1993</i>, <i>Sonké B.</i> 591 (YA). <b>Littoral Region</b>: km 11 Loum-Solé road, 4.7°N, 9.816°E, <i>24 May 1972</i>, <i>Leeuwenberg A.J.M.</i> 9904 (K,MO,WAG,YA). <b>South Region</b>: Hill roughly between Nkolandom and Nkoemvone, 2.8°N, 11.16°E, <i>17 January 1975</i>, <i>de Wilde J.J.F.E</i> 7909 (B,BR,C,K,MO,P,U,WAG,YA); Ebolowa, 2.91°N, 11.31°E, <i>01 June 1911</i>, <i>Mildbraed G.W.J.</i> 5652 (HBG); Ebom, 3.1°N, 10.71°E, <i>24 September 1996</i>, <i>Ndoum D.</i> 129 (KRIBI,WAG); Kribi, 2.92°N, 9.900°E, <i>01 October 1997</i>, <i>van der Burgt X.M.</i> 232 (KRIBI,WAG); Bisyang, 2.98°N, 9.968°E, <i>04 June 2006</i>, <i>van Velzen R.</i> 90 (BR,G,MO,WAG). <b>South-West Region</b>: Melon to Nyandon ca 2 km, 4.93°N, 9.533°E, <i>28 November 1998</i>, <i>Cheek M.</i> 9716 (K,WAG,YA); Nyasoso village on max’s trail to Mt 4.82°N, 9.701°E, <i>05 April 2016</i>, <i>Couvreur T.L.P.</i> 1062 (WAG,YA); Ambas Bay, 4.01°N, 9.2°E, <i>1861</i>, <i>Mann G.</i> 709 (GH,K,P).
description: Published as part of <i>Couvreur, Thomas L. P., Dagallier, Leo-Paul M. J., Crozier, Francoise, Ghogue, Jean-Paul, Hoekstra, Paul H., Kamdem, Narcisse G., Johnson, David M., Murray, Nancy A. &amp; Sonke, Bonaventure, 2022, Flora of Cameroon - Annonaceae Vol 45, pp. 1-532 in PhytoKeys 207</i> on pages 121-125, DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.207.61432
description: {"references": ["Botermans, M, Sosef, MSM, Chatrou, LW, Couvreur, TLP, 2011. A revision of the African genus Hexalobus (Annonaceae). Systematic Botany 36: 33 - 48, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1600/036364411X553108", "Le Thomas, A, 1969b. Annonacees. In: Aubreville, A, Ed., Flore du Gabon. Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris: 1 - 371", "Cosiaux, A, Couvreur, TLP, Erkens, RHJ, 2019m. Hexalobus crispiflorus. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: e.T132520218A132520527. https://doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T132520218A132520527.en"]}