Benstonea celebica Callmander &amp; Buerki
Creators: name: Callmander, Martin W.
name: Buerki, Sven
name: Keim, Ary P.
name: Phillipson, Peter B.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Liliopsida
Pandanales
Pandanaceae
Benstonea
Benstonea celebica

description: <i>Benstonea celebica</i> (Warburg 1900: 80) Callmander &amp; Buerki in Callmander &amp; al. (2012: 332). Basionym: <i>Pandanus celebicus</i> Warburg (1900: 80). <b>Type:—</b> INDONESIA. Sulawesi: s.d., <i>Warburg s.n.</i> (holotype, B [B100279969] image seen; isotype, FI [FI 003942]!). <b>Epitype (designated here):—</b> INDONESIA. Central Sulawesi Province: Sulawesi, Mt Roroka Timbu, W slope, 80 km SSE of Palu, 1°16’S, 120°18’E, c. 1050 m, 11.V.1979, <i>Vogel 5287</i> (epitype, L [L0332713] image seen; isoepitype, KLU-36404 [2 sheets] images seen, PH [PH 00018268]!). Syn.: <i>Pandanus gladiator</i> Stone (1984: 209). <b>Type:—</b> INDONESIA. Central Sulawesi Province: Sulawesi, Mt Roroka Timbu, W slope, 80 km SSE of Palu, 1°16’S, 120°18’E, c. 1050 m, 11.V.1979, <i>Vogel 5287</i> (holotype, L [L0332713] image seen; isotype, KLU-36404 [2 sheets] images seen, PH [PH 00018268]!). <b>Notes:—</b> <i>Benstonea celebica</i> was regarded as an enigmatic species before its rediscovery by AK in 2005 (<i>Keim 558</i>) in Sulawesi at Pontolotua Hill during a survey of the Lore-Lindu National Park (Keim, 2005). The delimitation of this taxon has remained challenging for a century due to the very fragmentary material of the type (<i>Warburg s.n.</i>). The fruiting material deposited at B was apparently destroyed during World War II, but a photograph exists at FI. Stone (1978) has even suggested that <i>B. celebica</i> and <i>B. pachyphylla</i> (Merrill 1922: 154) Callmander &amp; al. (2012: 337) may be conspecific. <i>Benstonea celebica</i> is in reality very different from <i>B. pachyphylla</i>, which is a slender acaulescent shrub bearing a small syncarp with a small infrafoliar near-ground solitary syncarp (see Keim &amp; al. 2011: 52, Fig. 12; Callmander &amp; al. 2012: 331, Fig. 4D). <i>Benstonea celebica</i> is a tree up to 5 m with a large spicate pendulous infructescence comprising up to 10 subspherical syncarps (c. 10–11 cm in diam) (Fig. 1G). In the absence of adequate material of <i>B. celebica</i> and apparently unaware of the presence of the photograph at FI, Stone (1984) was evidently oblivious to its highly distinctive morphology, and he described <i>Pandanus gladiator</i> Stone (1984: 209) based on a specimen collected from the same island, Sulawesi, <i>Vogel 5287</i>. The latter species was erroneously considered to be a synonym of <i>Benstonea stenocarpa</i> by Callmander &amp; al. (2012) and this error is corrected here. Original material of <i>B. celebica</i> comprises only Warburg’s type gathering from Sulawesi, which is highly fragmentary - consisting now of only of two incomplete leaf portions (at B and FI). The only known syncarp of this collection is believed to have been destroyed (at B), although fortunately a photograph is conserved at FI. <i>Vogel 5287</i> (the type of <i>Pandanus gladiator</i>) is an excellent fertile collection from Central Sulawesi with duplicates in L, KLU and PH, each with leaves and representative portions of the infructescence. We consider this specimen to represent the same species as the type of <i>B. celebica</i>, and we therefore designate it as an epitype for the species. <i>Benstonea celebica</i> has also been collected recently elsewhere on Sulawesi: Central Sulawesi Province, Pontolotua Hill and Sedoa in the vicinity of the Lore-Lindu National Park (Keim, 2005; Keim &amp; Rustiami, 2007) and in Northern Sulawesi Province, Ambang Hill in the vicinity of Boganinani Wartabone National Park and Bolaang Mongondow, Minahassa (Polosakan &amp; al. 2009; Purwanto &amp; al. 2009) and is considered to be endemic to the island. <b>Additional specimens seen:</b> — INDONESIA. Central Sulawesi Province: Sulawesi, Toro, Pono (Pontolotua) Hill, 900 m, 31 May 2005, <i>Keim 558</i> (WAL); Poso, Sedoa, Siboala Hill, 11 September 2005, <i>Keim 683</i> (BO). North Sulawesi Province: Sulawesi, Mount Ambang Nature Reserve, near Kotulidak River, 00°47’29”N, 124°22’39”E, 23 November 2009, <i>Kinho</i> 267 (WAL); Bolaang Mongondow, Kolangkangon, around Ambang mountain, Modayag, 00°44’45”N, 124°26’07”E, 1271 m, 27 March 2006, <i>Purwanto &amp; al. PSU42</i> (BO).
description: Published as part of <i>Callmander, Martin W., Buerki, Sven, Keim, Ary P. &amp; Phillipson, Peter B., 2014, Notes on Benstonea (Pandanaceae) from the islands of Halmahera, New Guinea and Sulawesi, pp. 161-165 in Phytotaxa 175 (3)</i> on pages 162-163, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.175.3.6, http://zenodo.org/record/5143877
description: {"references": ["Warburg, O. (1900) Pandanaceae. In: Engler, A. (Ed.) Das Planzenreich 3 (IV, 9). Leipzig, Engelmann, Germany, 97 pp.", "Callmander, M. W., Lowry II, P. P., Forest, F., Devey, D. S., Beentje, H. &amp; Buerki, S. (2012) Benstonea Callm. &amp; Buerki (Pandanaceae): characterization, circumscription, and distribution of a new genus of screw-pines, with a synopsis of accepted species. Candollea 67: 323 - 345.", "Stone, B. C. (1984) Some new and critical Pandanus species of subgenus Acrostigma, I. Supplement to Revisio Pandanacearum. Gardens' Bulletin Singapore 36: 205 - 212.", "Keim, A. P. (2005) A joint Herbarium Bogoriense &amp; HerbariumWallacea exploration in the Lore Lindu National Park, Central Celebes (including Mount Nokilalaki &amp; Adjacent areas): Pandanaceae. Technical report, LIPI, Bogor, 18 pp.", "Stone, B. C. (1978) Revisio Pandanacearum, Part I. Pandanus subgenera Coronata and Acrostigma. Flora Malesaina precursores. Federation Museums Journal, new series 23: 1 - 74.", "Merrill, E. D. (1922) New or noteworthy Bornean plants, part 1. Journal of the Straits Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society 85: 151 - 201.", "Keim, A. P., Rugayah &amp; Rustiami, H. (2011) The Pandanaceae of the Bukit Baka Bukit Raya National Park and adjacent areas, West and Central Kalimantan, Indonesia, with notes an their nomenclature and the rediscovery of Pandanus aristatus and several new records. Garden's Bulletin Singapore 63: 31 - 62.", "Keim, A. P. &amp; Rustiami, H. (2007) Kenakeragaman suku Pandanaceae di pegunungan sekitar desa Sedoa, kawasan Taman Nasional Lore Lindu Kabupaten Poso-Propinsi Sulawesi Tengah. Berita Biologi 8: 375 - 389.", "Polosakan, R., Susiarti, S. &amp; Purwanto, Y. (2009) Habitat Pandanus di Gunung Ambang Taman Nasional Boganinani Wartabone dan pemanfaatan oleh masyarakat sekitarnya. In: Nuryanto, A. &amp; Budisantoso, I. (Eds.) Prosiding Seminar Nasional Biologi Peran Biosistematika dalam Pengelolaan Sumberdaya Hayati Indonesia. General Soedirman University, Purwokerto, pp. 748 - 753.", "Purwanto, Y., Polosakan, R. &amp; Susiarti, S. (2009) Studi etnobiologi Pandanaceae masyarakat Minahassa &amp; Bolaang Mongondow. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Etnobotani 4: 151 - 167."]}