cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Toward a Geography of Trade Costs
Creators: name: Hummels, David
name: Hummels, David
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Trade in services

description: What are the barriers that separate nations? While recent work provides intriguing clues, we have remarkably little concrete evidence as to the nature, size, and shape of barriers. This paper offers direct and indirect evidence on trade barriers, moving us toward a comprehensive geography of trade costs. There are three main contributions. One, we provide detailed data on freight rates for a number of importers. Rates vary substantially over exporters, and aggregate expenditures on freight are at the low end of the observed range. This suggests import choices are made so as to minimize transportation costs. Two, we estimate the technological relationship between freight rates and distance and use this to interpret the trade barriers equivalents of common trade barrier proxies taken from the literature. The calculation reveals implausibly large barriers. Three, we use a multi-sector model of trade to isolate channels through which trade barriers affect trade volumes. The model motivates an estimation technique that delivers direct estimates of substitution elasticities. This allows a complete characterization of the trade costs implied by trade flows and a partition of those costs into three components: explicitly measured costs (tariffs and freight), costs associated with common proxy variables, and costs that are implied but unmeasured. Acknowledgments: Thanks for the gracious provision of data go to Jon Haveman, Rob Feenstra, Azita Amjadi and the ALADI secretariat. Thanks for helpful suggestions on previous drafts go to seminar participants at the Universities of Chicago, Michigan, and Texas, Boston University, NBER and the 4th Annual EIIT Conference at Purdue University. Finally, Julia Grebelsky and Dawn Conner provided outstanding research assistance. This research was funded by a grant from the University of Chicagoâ€™s Graduate School of Business.
The Impact of Liberalizing Labour Mobility in the Pacific Region
Creators: name: Walmsley, Terrie
name: Ahmed, Amer S.
name: Parsons, Christopher
name: Walmsley, Terrie
name: Ahmed, Amer S.
name: Parsons, Christopher
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Labour market issues
subject: Applied general equilibrium modeling
subject: Pacific
subject: GATS Mode 4
subject: labour mobility
subject: skill
subject: welfare.

description: Due to the lack of political consensus at the previous General Agreement on Trade on Services (GATS), negotiations on the temporary movement of natural persons (Mode 4) have stagnated. However the recent labour shortages in several labour intensive sectors, particularly agriculture, in Australia and New Zealand has recently provoked a serious debate over the implementation of policies that would facilitate the supply and employment of guest workers. This paper implements a CGE model of bilateral migration flows (GMig2) to quantify the benefits of liberalizing GATS Mode 4 in the Pacific region. The results indicate that an increase in the labour forces of Australia and New Zealand from elsewhere within the Pacific region would raise welfare in Australia and New Zealand. However, the results also demonstrate that while the Pacific Islands economies could gain substantially from the movement of unskilled workers, the loss of scarce skilled workers could lead to significant declines in the welfare of those remaining, which could offset the gains from the movement of unskilled labour. Agreements regarding the movement of unskilled labour could therefore potentially constitute significant development policies which warrant further attention from policy makers.
Spin-exchange collisions in hot vapors create and sustain bipartite entanglement
Creators: name: Mouloudakis, K.
name: Kominis, I. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spin-exchange collisions in alkali or alkali/noble gas vapors are at the basis of quantum sensing, nucleon structure studies, tests of fundamental symmetries, and medical imaging. We here show that spin-exchange collisions in hot alkali vapors naturally produce strong bipartite entanglement, which we explicitly quantify using the tools of quantum information science. This entanglement is shown to have a lifetime at least as long as the spin-exchange relaxation time, and to directly affect measurable spin noise observables. This is a formal theoretical demonstration that a hot and dense atomic vapor can support longlived bipartite and possibly higher-order entanglement.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures
Heat stress Management in cattle
Creators: name: Dr. Anish Koul, MVSc, Veterinary Physiology, ICAR-NDRI, Karnal, Haryana Sayyad Fathima Faiza, Student BVSc&AH, MRCVS&RC, Jhajjar Divya Sharma, Student BVSc&AH, MRCVS&RC, Jhajjar Kunjal Dhawan, Student BVSc&AH, MRCVS&RC, Jhajjar
Publisher: name: veterinary today
Year: 2024

description: Heat stress is a significant concern for cattle farmers worldwide, impacting animal welfare, health, and productivity. As temperatures rise, particularly during summer months, cows are prone to heat stress, leading to decreased feed intake, lower milk production, impaired reproduction, and increased susceptibility to diseases. Implementing effective heat stress management strategies is crucial to reduce its adverse effects and ensure the well-being and performance of the herd.
Zwischen geistlichen Aufgaben und weltlichen Herausforderungen
Creators: name: Schnack, Frederieke Maria
Publisher: name: Vorträge und Forschungen: Sonderbände
Year: 2024

description: Vorträge und Forschungen: Sonderbände, Bd. 62 (2022): Frederieke Maria Schnack: Zwischen geistlichen Aufgaben und weltlichen Herausforderungen. Die Handlungsspielräume der Mindener Bischöfe von 1250 bis 1500
Dynamical mean-field theory of Hubbard-Holstein model at half-filling: Zero temperature metal-insulator and insulator-insulator transitions
Creators: name: Jeon, Gun Sang
name: Park, Tae-Ho
name: Han, Jung Hoon
name: Lee, Hyun C.
name: Choi, Han-Yong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the Hubbard-Holstein model, which includes both the electron-electron and electron-phonon interactions characterized by $U$ and $g$, respectively, employing the dynamical mean-field theory combined with Wilson's numerical renormalization group technique. A zero temperature phase diagram of metal-insulator and insulator-insulator transitions at half-filling is mapped out which exhibits the interplay between $U$ and $g$. As $U$ ($g$) is increased, a metal to Mott-Hubbard insulator (bipolaron insulator) transition occurs, and the two insulating states are distinct and can not be adiabatically connected. The nature of and transitions between the three states are discussed.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures. Submitted to Physical Review Letters
Assessing Global CGE Model Validity Using Agricultural Price Volatility
Creators: name: Valenzuela, Ernesto
name: Hertel, Thomas
name: Keeney, Roman
name: Reimer, Jeff
name: Valenzuela, Ernesto
name: Hertel, Thomas
name: Keeney, Roman
name: Reimer, Jeff
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Agribusiness

description: Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) models are commonly used for global agricultural market analysis. However, concerns are sometimes raised about the quality of their output since key parameters may not be econometrically estimated and little emphasis is generally given to model assessment. This article addresses the latter issue by developing an approach to validating CGE models based on the ability to reproduce observed price volatility in agricultural markets. We show how patterns in the deviations between model predictions and validation criteria can be used to identify the weak points of a model and guide development of improved specifications with firmer empirical foundations.
Νομικός Σχολιασμός του λόγου Pro Sexto Roscio Amerino ( Υπέρ του Σέξτου Ρώσκιου Αμερίνου) του Κικέρωνα
Creators: name: Χρηστίδου, Μαρία Δημητρίου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2021
Subjects: Ρωμαϊκό Δίκαιο
Υπέρ του Ρώσκιου Αμερίνου
Πατροκτονία
Roman Law
For Sextus Roscius of Ameria
Parricidium- parricide

description: Σκοπός της παρούσας εργασίας είναι η νομική, πολιτική και ανθρωπολογική ανάλυση του δικανικού λόγου του Κικέρωνα, Pro Roscio Amerino (Υπέρ του Ρώσκιου Αμερίνου), της πρώτης ποινικής υπόθεσης (causa publica) που ανέλαβε ο ρήτορας. Ο λόγος εκφωνήθηκε το 80 π.Χ. στο μόνιμο ποινικό δικαστήριο φόνου και φαρμακείας (quaestio inter sicarios et veneficios), που επανίδρυσε ο Σύλλας στο πλαίσιο της ποινικής του μεταρρύθμισης. Στην πρώτη του ποινική δίκη ο νεαρός Κικέρωνας αναλαμβάνει την υπεράσπιση του Ρώσκιου από την Αμερία, ο οποίος κατηγορείται για πατροκτονία (parricidium). Μέσα από τη μελέτη του συγκεκριμένου λόγου αναδύονται οι ιδέες του ρήτορα για τις ηθικές και ψυχολογικές διαστάσεις του εγκλήματος, την κοινωνική λειτουργία της ποινής, τις υπέρτατες αξίες του ελληνικού και ρωμαϊκού κόσμου, όπως είναι η fides, η amicitia, η humanitas, τις θεμελιώδεις αρχές που διέπουν το δίκαιο. Κύρια επιδίωξη της έρευνας αποτέλεσε η διερεύνηση του νομοθετικού και δικονομικού πλαισίου που καθόριζαν το έγκλημα του parricidium, οι κοινωνιολογικές και πολιτικές προεκτάσεις του καθώς και η ερμηνεία της επιβαλλόμενης ποινής poena cullei. Στο δεύτερo μέρος της εργασίας παρουσιάζονται τα βασικά σημεία της ρητορικής τέχνης και της επιχειρηματολογίας του Κικέρωνα, όπως εμφανίζονται στον συγκεκριμένο δικανικό λόγο
description: The aim of the present thesis is the legal, political and anthropological analysis of Cicero’s forensic speech, Pro Roscio Amerino (For Sextus Roscius of Ameria), which was the first criminal case (causa publica) undertaken by the orator. The speech was delivered in 80 BC. in the permanent criminal court of murder and pharmacy (quaestio inter sicarios et veneficios), re-established by Sulla as part of his criminal reform. In his first criminal trial, the young Cicero undertakes the defense of Roscius from Ameria, who is accused of parricide (parricidium). Through the study of this discourse emerge the orator's ideas about the moral and psychological dimensions of crime, the social function of punishment, the supreme values of the Greek and Roman world, such as fides, amicitia, humanitas, the fundamental principles governing the law. The main aim of the research was to investigate the legal and procedural framework that defined the crime of parricidium, its sociological and political implications as well as the interpretation of the imposed sentence poena cullei. The second part of the paper presents the main points of Cicero's rhetorical art and argumentation, as they appear in the forensic speech
Distributional Effects of WTO Agricultural Reforms in Rich and Poor Countries
Creators: name: Hertel, Thomas W.
name: Keeney, Roman
name: Hertel, Thomas W.
name: Keeney, Roman
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: International Development

description: Rich countriesâ€™ agricultural trade policies are the battleground on which the future of the WTOâ€™s troubled Doha Round will be determined. Subject to widespread criticism, they nonetheless appear to be almost immune to serious reform, and one of their most common defenses is that they protect poor farmers. Our findings reject this claim. The analysis conducted here uses detailed data on farm incomes to show that major commodity programs are highly regressive in the USA, and that the only serious losses under trade reform are among large, wealthy, farmers in a few heavily protected subsectors. In contrast, analysis using household data from fifteen developing countries indicates that reforming rich countriesâ€™ agricultural trade policies would lift large numbers of developing country farm households out of poverty. In the majority of cases these gains are not outweighed by the poverty-increasing effects of higher food prices among other households. Agricultural reforms that appear feasible, even under an ambitious Doha Round, achieve only a fraction of the benefits for developing countries that full liberalization promises, but protects US large farms from most of the rigors of adjustment. Finally, the analysis conducted here indicates that maximal trade-led poverty reductions occur when developing countries participate more fully in agricultural trade liberalization.
POVERTY ANALYSIS USING AN INTERNATIONAL CROSS-COUNTRY DEMAND SYSTEM
Creators: name: Cranfield, J.A.L.
name: Preckel, Paul V.
name: Hertel, Thomas W.
name: Cranfield, J.A.L.
name: Preckel, Paul V.
name: Hertel, Thomas W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Economic development
subject: Economic analysis of poverty
subject: Calibration and parameter estimation

description: This paper proposes a new method for ex ante analysis of the poverty impacts arising from policy reforms. Three innovations underlie this approach. The first is the estimation of a global demand system using a combination of micro-data from household surveys, and macro-data from the International Comparisons Project. Estimation is undertaken in a manner that reconciles these two sources of information, explicitly recognizing that per capita national demands are an aggregation of the disaggregated, individual household demands. The second innovation relates to a methodology for post-estimation calibration of the global demand system, giving rise to country specific demand systems and an associated expenditure function which, when aggregated across the expenditure distribution, reproduce observed per capita budget shares exactly. The third innovation is use of the calibrated expenditure function to calculate the change in the head-count of poverty, poverty gap and squared poverty gap arising from policy reforms, where the poverty measures are derived using a unique poverty level of utility, rather than an income or expenditure-based measure. We employ these techniques with a demand system for food, other non-durables and services estimated using a combination of 1996 ICP data set and national expenditure distribution data. Calibration is demonstrated for three countries for which household survey expenditure data are utilized during estimation; namely, Indonesia, the Philippines and Thailand. To illustrate the usefulness of these calibrated models for policy analysis, we assess the impacts of an assumed five percent food price rise as might be realized in the wake of a multilateral trade agreement. Results illustrate the important role of subsistence expenditures at low per capita income levels, but of discretionary expenditure at higher per capita income levels. The welfare analysis underscores the relatively large impact of the price hike on poorer households, while a modified Foster-Greer-Thorbecke poverty measure shows that the five percent price rise has a differential effect on poverty across the three focus countries, although it increases the incidence and intensity of poverty in all three cases.
Poultry Availability and Merchandising in Retail Stores
Creators: name: Allewelt, Robert W.
name: Myers, Mardy
name: Allewelt, Robert W.
name: Myers, Mardy
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1958
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: Excerpts from the report: The national survey on which this study was based was conducted by the Bureau of the Census for the U. S. Department of Agriculture during October 1956. Questionnaires were mailed to a probability sample of about 6,300 retail food establishments in the United States. Respondents were asked to report on the availability of broilers and fryers, stewing and other chickens, and turkeys. Additional questions were asked on selected merchandising practices for these products in the retail store. This study was designed to provide information to poultry producers, processors, wholesale distributors, and retailers, on the overall availability of poultry meats in the United States and the extent to which selected handling and merchandising activities were used for these products during 1956.
Ising and anisotropic Heisenberg magnets with mobile defects
Creators: name: Holtschneider, M.
name: Leidl, R.
name: Selke, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by experiments on (Sr,Ca,La)_14 Cu_24 O_41, a two-dimensional Ising model with mobile defects and a two-dimensional anisotropic Heisenberg antiferromagnet have been proposed and studied recently. We extend previous investigations by analysing phase diagrams of both models in external fields using mainly Monte Carlo techniques. In the Ising case, the phase transition is due to the thermal instability of defect stripes, in the Heisenberg case additional spin-flop structures play an essential role.
description: 3 pages, 4 figures. Submitted to JEMS'04
Bound states with complex frequencies near the continuum on lossy periodic structures
Creators: name: Hu, Zhen
name: Yuan, Lijun
name: Lu, Ya Yan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: On a lossless periodic dielectric structure sandwiched between two homogeneous media, bound states in the continuum (BICs) with real frequencies and real Bloch wavevectors may exist, and they decay exponentially in the surrounding homogeneous media and do not couple with propagating plane waves with the same frequencies and wavevectors. The BICs are of significant current interest, because they give rise to high-$Q$ resonances when the structure or the Bloch wavevector is slightly perturbed. In this paper, the effect of a small material loss on the BICs is analyzed by a perturbation method and illustrated by numerical results. It is shown that bound states with complex frequencies near the continuum appear, but they behave differently depending on whether the BIC is symmetry-protected or not. The Bloch wavevector of a bound state with a complex frequency can be real if the original BIC is symmetry-protected, and it is usually complex if the original BIC is not symmetry-protected. Our study improves the theoretical understanding on BICs and provides useful insight for their practical applications.
Η συμβολή της οικογένειας στην απεξάρτηση των τοξικομανών
Creators: name: Λαϊνά, Μαρία Κωνσταντίνου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2021
Subjects: εξαρτήσεις
οικογένεια
θεραπεία
drug addiction
family
therapy

description: Η οικογένεια είναι η πρώτη και πιο σημαντική κοινωνική ομάδα μέσα στο οποίο το άτομο αναπτύσσεται και εξελίσσεται, αποκτώντας όλα εκείνα τα εφόδια που είναι απαραίτητα ώστε να δομήσει μια ανεξάρτητη και υπεύθυνη προσωπικότητα και να γίνει μέλος ενός ευρύτερου κοινωνικού συνόλου. Στο πλαίσιο αυτής της διπλωματικής εργασίας, μελετήθηκαν οι γονείς που συμμετείχαν στο Κέντρο Οικογενειακής Υποστήριξης του ΚΕΘΕΑ Ιθάκη όσον αφορά την συνειδητοποίηση της εξάρτησης, τις σχέσεις μεταξύ των μελών, την επικοινωνία, τις αλλαγές που πραγματοποιούνται στο οικογενειακό σύστημα μετά την ένταξη του μέλους σε θεραπευτική διαδικασία Στόχος είναι η αναγνώριση και η κατανόηση της συμβολής της οικογένειας στην εγκαθίδρυση της εξάρτησης και κατά συνέπεια της σημαντικότητάς της στην απεξάρτηση και στην διατήρηση της αποχής από τα ναρκωτικά του μέλους της που έχει εμπλακεί με την χρήση. Το δείγμα της έρευνας αποτέλεσαν 11 γονείς που παρακολουθούν το πρόγραμμα οικογένειας του ΚΕΘΕΑ ΙΘΑΚΗ. Για την συλλογή των δεδομένων χρησιμοποιήθηκε η μέθοδος της ημιδομημένης συνέντευξης και για την ανάλυση των δεδομένων η ερευνητική φαινομενολογική θεωρία. Τα αποτελέσματα δείχνουν τη σημασία της συμμετοχής των γονέων σε ομάδες, τόσο για τα παιδιά τους όσο και για τους ίδιους. Επίσης καταδεικνύονται η αλλαγή που πραγματοποιείται στην στάση τους και τις σχέσεις τους, τα συναισθήματα που νιώθουν, οι καταστάσεις που βιώνουν
description: Family is the primary and most important social group that a person grows and evolves, acquiring all those supplies that are important to build an independent and responsible personality as a member of the community. This particular research study the parents who participated in the Family Support Center of KETHEA ΙΤΗΑΚΙ. Were studied in terms of realization of drug addiction, relationships between members, communication, changes that take place in the family system after the inclusion of the member in therapeutic program The purpose is to recognize and understand the contribution of the family to the establishment of addiction and consequently its importance to detoxification from drugs of the member that have been involved to drug use. The sample of the research consisted of 11 parents who attend the family program of KETHEA ITHAKI. The method of semi- structured interview was used for data collection and the research phenomenological theory (IPA) was used for data analysis. The results show the importance of parental involvement in therapy and consulting programs, both for their children and themselves. Also notified the change in their relationships and their attitude, their feelings and emotions, and their lived experience
description: Σε συνεργασία με: Πανεπιστήμιο Λευκωσίας (Κύπρος)
The impact of nursing workforce skill-mix on patient outcomes in intensive care units in Victoria, Australia
Creators: name: Ross, P
name: Jaspers, R
name: Watterson, Jason
name: Topple, M
name: Birthisel, T
name: Rosenow, M
name: McClure, J
name: Williams, G
name: Pollock, Wendy
name: Pilcher, D
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 42
subject: Health sciences
subject: FOS: Health sciences
classificationCode: 3202
subject: Clinical sciences
classificationCode: 4203
subject: Health services and systems
classificationCode: 4205
subject: Nursing

description: Objective: This article aims to examine the impact of nursing workforce skill-mix (percentage of critical care registered nurses [CCRN]) in the intensive care unit (ICU) during a patient's stay. Design: Registry linked cohort study of the Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Society Adult Patient Database and the Critical Health Resources Information System using real-time nursing workforce data. Settings: Fifteen public and 5 private hospital ICUs in Victoria, Australia. Participants: There were 16,618 adult patients admitted between 1 December 2021 and 30 September 2022. Main outcome measures: Primary outcome: in-hospital mortality. Secondary outcomes: in-ICU mortality, development of delirium, pressure injury, duration of stay in-ICU and hospital, after-hours discharge from ICU and readmission to ICU. Results: In total, 6563 (39.5%) patients were cared for in ICUs with >75% CCRN, 7695 (46.3%) in ICUs with 50–75% CCRN, and 2360 (14.2%) in ICUs with <50% CCRN. In-hospital mortality was 534 (8.1%) vs. 859 (11.2%) vs. 252 (10.7%) respectively. After adjusting for confounders, patients cared for in ICUs with 50–75% CCRN (adjusted OR 1.21 [95% CI 1.02–1.45]) were more likely to die compared to patients in ICUs with >75% CCRN. A similar but non-significant trend was seen in ICUs with <50% CCRN (adjusted OR 1.21 [95% CI 0.94–1.55]), when compared to patients in ICUs with >75% CCRN. In-ICU mortality, delirium, pressure injuries, after-hours discharge and ICU length of stay were lower in ICUs with CCRN>75%. Conclusion: The nursing skill-mix in ICU impacts outcomes and should be routinely monitored. Health system regulators, hospital administrators and ICU leaders should ensure nursing workforce planning and education align with these findings to maximise patient outcomes.
Assessing the best edit in perturbation-based iterative refinement algorithms to compute the median string
Creators: name: Mirabal, P.
name: Abreu, J.
name: Seco, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Strings are a natural representation of biological data such as DNA, RNA and protein sequences. The problem of finding a string that summarizes a set of sequences has direct application in relative compression algorithms for genome and proteome analysis, where reference sequences need to be chosen. Median strings have been used as representatives of a set of strings in different domains. However, several formulations of those problems are NP-Complete. Alternatively, heuristic approaches that iteratively refine an initial coarse solution by applying edit operations have been proposed. Recently, we investigated the selection of the optimal edit operations to speed up convergence without spoiling the quality of the approximated median string. We propose a novel algorithm that outperforms state of the art heuristic approximations to the median string in terms of convergence speed by estimating the effect of a perturbation in the minimization of the expressions that define the median strings. We present corpus of comparative experiments to validate these results.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures
Canidia chemsaki Wappes & Lingafelter 2005
Creators: name: Monné, Miguel A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2005
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Cerambycidae
Canidia
Canidia chemsaki

description: 2. Canidia chemsaki Wappes & Lingafelter, 2005
Type locality — México, Chiapas: San Jeronimo, Volcán Tacana. (EMEC). Distribution — Mexico (Chiapas, Oaxaca).
 Canidia chemsaki Wappes & Lingafelter, 2005: 4, figs. 1c, 2c, 4h, 5i, 7i, 9i.
description: Published as part of Monné, Miguel A., 2005, Catalogue of the Cerambycidae (Coleoptera) of the Neotropical Region. Part II. Subfamily Lamiinae, pp. 1-760 in Zootaxa 1023 (1) on pages 1-760, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.946.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5049553
Transform and Tell: Entity-Aware News Image Captioning
Creators: name: Tran, Alasdair
name: Mathews, Alexander
name: Xie, Lexing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.4.0; I.2.7

description: We propose an end-to-end model which generates captions for images embedded in news articles. News images present two key challenges: they rely on real-world knowledge, especially about named entities; and they typically have linguistically rich captions that include uncommon words. We address the first challenge by associating words in the caption with faces and objects in the image, via a multi-modal, multi-head attention mechanism. We tackle the second challenge with a state-of-the-art transformer language model that uses byte-pair-encoding to generate captions as a sequence of word parts. On the GoodNews dataset, our model outperforms the previous state of the art by a factor of four in CIDEr score (13 to 54). This performance gain comes from a unique combination of language models, word representation, image embeddings, face embeddings, object embeddings, and improvements in neural network design. We also introduce the NYTimes800k dataset which is 70% larger than GoodNews, has higher article quality, and includes the locations of images within articles as an additional contextual cue.
description: Published in CVPR 2020. Code is available at https://github.com/alasdairtran/transform-and-tell and demo is available at https://transform-and-tell.ml
Productivity Growth and Convergence in Crop, Ruminant and Non-Ruminant Production: Measurement and Forecasts
Creators: name: Ludena, Carlos E.
name: Hertel, Thomas W.
name: Preckel, Paul V.
name: Foster, Kenneth
name: Nin, Alejandro
name: Ludena, Carlos E.
name: Hertel, Thomas W.
name: Preckel, Paul V.
name: Foster, Kenneth
name: Nin, Alejandro
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Asia (East)

description: There is considerable interest in projections of future productivity growth in agriculture. Whether one is interested in the outlook for global commodity markets, future patterns of international trade, or the interactions between land use, deforestation and ecological diversity, the rate of productivity growth in agriculture is an essential input. Yet solid projections for this variable have proven elusive â€“ particularly on a global basis. This is due, in no small part, to the difficulty in measuring historical productivity growth. The purpose of this paper is to report the latest time series evidence on total factor productivity growth for crops, ruminants and non-ruminant livestock, on a global basis. We then follow with tests for convergence amongst regions, providing forecasts for farm productivity growth to the year 2040. The results suggest that most regions in the sample are likely to experience larger productivity gains in livestock than in crops. Within livestock, the non-ruminant sector is expected to continue to be more dynamic than the ruminant sector. Given the rapid rates of productivity growth observed recently, non-ruminant and crop productivity in developing countries may be converging to the productivity levels of developed countries. For ruminants, the results show that productivity levels may be diverging between developed and developing countries.
Προσωπικότητα και ενασχόληση με τα τυχερά παιχνίδια
Creators: name: Λαζή, Αννα Χρήστου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2021
Subjects: Προσωπικότητα
Μοντέλο των 5 παραγόντων
Ενασχόληση με τα τυχερά παιχνίδια
Personality
Big-Five Model
Gambling

description: Η παρούσα εργασία πραγματεύεται τη σχέση του μοντέλου των 5 παραγόντων προσωπικότητας (Νευρωτισμός, Δεκτικότητα σε εμπειρίες, Προσήνεια, Ευσυνειδησία, Εξωστρέφεια) με την ενασχόληση με τα τυχερά παιχνίδια και συγκεκριμένα τον εθισμό στον τζόγο. Βασικές υποθέσεις της έρευνας είναι ότι οι παίκτες με χαμηλά ποσοστά προσήνειας φαίνεται να έχουν αρκετές πιθανότητες εμφάνισης εξάρτησης από τα τυχερά παιχνίδια, ενώ θεωρήθηκε ότι οι παίκτες με χαμηλά ποσοστά ευσυνειδησίας φαίνεται να έχουν αρκετές πιθανότητες εμφάνισης εξάρτησης από τα τυχερά παιχνίδια. Επίσης, η υποφαινόμενη υπέθεσε με βάση τη βιβλιογραφία πως τα υψηλά επίπεδα νευρωτισμού σχετίζονται θετικά με την εξάρτηση από τα τυχερά παιχνίδια. Υψηλά επίπεδα εξωστρέφειας φαίνεται να σχετίζονται θετικά με την παθολογική ενασχόληση με τα τυχερά παιχνίδια, ενώ υποτέθηκε ότι η υψηλή δεκτικότητα συντελεί στην αύξηση της πιθανότητας δημιουργίας εξάρτησης από τα τυχερά παιχνίδια. Τέλος, στην υπόθεση ότι το ποσοστό των ανδρών που πιθανώς να είναι εξαρτημένοι με τον τζόγο θα είναι πολύ μεγαλύτερο από το αντίστοιχο των γυναικών παρουσιάζονται ιδιαίτερα σημαντικά αποτελέσματα
description: The purpose of this survey is to find out the relationship between the BIG-FIVE MODEL (Neurotism, Openness, and Conscientiousness. Extraversion. Agreeableness) and the gambling. It was hypothesized that gamblers with low score at agreeableness may have a lot of possibilities of gambling addiction, while it was hypothesized that gamblers with low conscientiousness may have gambling addiction. Also, the researcher hypothesized that, according to annotated bibliography, high scores at neurotism are positively related to the gambling addiction. High scores of extraversion may are positively related with gambling, while it seems that high openness may lead to gambling addiction. Finally, the hypothesis that men who probably are gambling addicted are more than women has very important results
description: Σε συνεργασία με: Πανεπιστήμιο Λευκωσίας (Κύπρος)
Glassy dynamics in the East model
Creators: name: Sollich, P.
name: Evans, M. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the dynamics of the East model, comprising a chain of uncoupled spins in a downward-pointing field. Glassy effects arise at low temperatures $T$ from the kinetic constraint that spins can only flip if their left neighbour is up. We give details of our previous solution of the non-equilibrium coarsening dynamics after a quench to low $T$ (Phys. Rev.\ Lett. 83:3238, 1999), including the anomalous coarsening of down-spin domains with typical size $\bar{d} \sim t^{T \ln 2}$, and the pronounced `fragile glass'-divergence of equilibration times as $t_*=\exp(1/T^2\ln 2)$. We also link the model to the paste-all coarsening model, defining a family of interpolating models that all have the same scaling distribution of domain sizes. We then proceed to the problem of equilibrium dynamics at low $T$. Based on a scaling hypothesis for the relation between timescales and lengthscales, we propose a model for the dynamics of `superdomains' which are bounded by up-spins that are frozen on long timescales. From this we deduce that the equilibrium spin correlation and persistence functions should exhibit identical scaling behaviour for low $T$, decaying as $g(\tilde{t})$. The scaling variable is $\tilde{t}=(t/t_*)^{T\ln 2}$, giving strongly stretched behaviour for low $T$. The scaling function $g(\cdot)$ decays faster than exponential, however, and in the limit $T\to 0$ at fixed $\tilde{t}$ reaches zero at a {\em finite} value of $\tilde{t}$.
description: 17 pages, revtex4, 8 figures. Minor clarifications, plus new figure 6 to provide simulation support for the notion of superdomain dynamics
Additional file 1 of “This perfume makes me sick, but I like it.” Representative survey on health effects associated with fragrances
Creators: name: Klaschka, Ursula
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. SSI methodology.
One-dimensional conduction in Charge-Density Wave nanowires
Creators: name: Slot, E.
name: Holst, M. A.
name: van der Zant, H. S. J.
name: Zaitsev-Zotov, S. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a systematic study of the transport properties of coupled one-dimensional metallic chains as a function of the number of parallel chains. When the number of parallel chains is less than 2000, the transport properties show power-law behavior on temperature and voltage, characteristic for one-dimensional systems.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. Lett
Phenomenology of a 5D Orbifold $SU(3)_W$ Unification model
Creators: name: Chang, We-Fu
name: Ng, John N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the phenomenology of a 5D $SU(3)_W$ model on a $S_1/(Z_2\times Z'_2)$ orbifold in which the minimal scalar sector plays an essential role of radiatively generating neutrino Majorana masses without the benefits of right-handed singlets. We carefully examine how do the exotic scalars affect the renormalization group (RG) equations for the gauge couplings and the 5D $SU(3)_W$ unification. We found that the compactification scale of extra dimension is in the range of $1/R\sim 1.5-5$ TeV. The possibility of the existence of relatively low mass Kaluza-Klein excitations makes the phenomenology of near term interest. Some possible bilepton signatures can be searched for in future colliders and in neutrino scattering experiments with intense neutrino beams. The low energy constraints from muon physics and lepton number violating decay process induced by bilepton are also discussed. These constraints can provide new information on the structure of Yukawa couplings which might be useful for future model building.
description: 17 pages, 14 EPS figures, REVTeX
A simple relation between frustration and transition points in diluted spin glasses
Creators: name: Miyazaki, Ryoji
name: Kudo, Yuta
name: Ohzeki, Masayuki
name: Tanaka, Kazuyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate a possible relation between frustration and phase-transition points in spin glasses. The relation is represented as a condition of the number of frustrated plaquettes in the lattice at phase-transition points at zero temperature and was reported to provide very close points to the phase-transition points for several lattices. Although there has been no proof of the relation, the good correspondence in several lattices suggests the validity of the relation and some important role of frustration in the phase transitions. To examine the relation further, we present a natural extension of the relation to diluted lattices and verify its effectiveness for bond-diluted square lattices. We then confirm that the resulting points are in good agreement with the phase-transition points in a wide range of dilution rate. Our result supports the suggestion from the previous work for non-diluted lattices on the importance of frustration to the phase transition of spin glasses.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
ML-driven Malware that Targets AV Safety
Creators: name: Jha, Saurabh
name: Cui, Shengkun
name: Banerjee, Subho S.
name: Tsai, Timothy
name: Kalbarczyk, Zbigniew
name: Iyer, Ravi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Ensuring the safety of autonomous vehicles (AVs) is critical for their mass deployment and public adoption. However, security attacks that violate safety constraints and cause accidents are a significant deterrent to achieving public trust in AVs, and that hinders a vendor's ability to deploy AVs. Creating a security hazard that results in a severe safety compromise (for example, an accident) is compelling from an attacker's perspective. In this paper, we introduce an attack model, a method to deploy the attack in the form of smart malware, and an experimental evaluation of its impact on production-grade autonomous driving software. We find that determining the time interval during which to launch the attack is{ critically} important for causing safety hazards (such as collisions) with a high degree of success. For example, the smart malware caused 33X more forced emergency braking than random attacks did, and accidents in 52.6% of the driving simulations.
description: Accepted for DSN 2020
Box diagram contribution to the axial two-nucleon current
Creators: name: Krebs, Hermann
name: Epelbaum, Evgeny
name: Meißner, Ulf-G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, we have worked out the axial two-nucleon current operator to leading one-loop order in chiral effective field theory using the method of unitary transformation. Our final expressions, however, differ from the ones derived by the JLab-Pisa group using time-ordered perturbation theory (Phys. Rev. C 93, no. 1, 015501 (2016) Erratum: [Phys. Rev. C 93, no. 4, 049902 (2016)] Erratum: [Phys. Rev. C 95, no. 5, 059901 (2017)]). In this paper we consider the box diagram contribution to the axial current and demonstrate that the results obtained using the two methods are unitary equivalent at the Fock-space level. We adjust the unitary phases by matching the corresponding two-pion exchange nucleon-nucleon potentials and rederive the box diagram contribution to the axial current operator following the approach of the JLab-Pisa group, thereby reproducing our original result. We provide a detailed information on the calculation including the relevant intermediate steps in order to facilitate a clarification of this disagreement.
description: 13 pages, 1 figure
Mean value surfaces with prescribed curvature form
Creators: name: Hedenmalm, Haakan
name: Perdomo, Yolanda
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C21, 35J65, 46E20, 30H05

description: The Gaussian curvature of a two-dimensional Riemannian manifold is uniquely determined by the choice of the metric. The formulas for computing the curvature in terms of components of the metric, in isothermal coordinates, involve the Laplacian operator and therefore, the problem of finding a Riemannian metric for a given curvature form may be viewed as a potential theory problem. This problem has, generally speaking, a multitude of solutions. To specify the solution uniquely, we ask that the metric have the mean value property for harmonic functions with respect to some given point. This means that we assume that the surface is simply connected and that it has a smooth boundary. In terms of the so-called metric potential, we are looking for a unique smooth solution to a nonlinear fourth order elliptic partial differential equation with second order Cauchy data given on the boundary. We find a simple condition on the curvature form which ensures that there exists a smooth mean value surface solution. It reads: the curvature form plus half the curvature form for the hyperbolic plane (with the same coordinates) should be $\le0$. The same analysis leads to results on the question of whether the canonical divisors in weighted Bergman spaces over the unit disk have extraneous zeros. Numerical work suggests that the above condition on the curvature form is essentially sharp. Our problem is in spirit analogous to the classical Minkowski problem, where the sphere supplies the chart coordinates via the Gauss map.
description: 32 pages
Bayesian inference of infected patients in group testing with prevalence estimation
Creators: name: Sakata, Ayaka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Group testing is a method of identifying infected patients by performing tests on a pool of specimens collected from patients. For the case in which the test returns a false result with finite probability, we propose Bayesian inference and a corresponding belief propagation (BP) algorithm to identify the infected patients from the results of tests performed on the pool. We show that the true-positive rate is improved by taking into account the credible interval of a point estimate of each patient. Further, the prevalence and the error probability in the test are estimated by combining an expectation-maximization method with the BP algorithm. As another approach, we introduce a hierarchical Bayes model to identify the infected patients and estimate the prevalence. By comparing these methods, we formulate a guide for practical usage.
Additional file 2 of Diet and behavioral habits related to oral health in eating disorder patients: a matched case-control study
Creators: name: Ann-Katrin Johansson
name: Norring, Claes
name: Unell, Lennart
name: Johansson, Anders
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 2: Table S1. Drink Intake, Eating and Oral Hygiene Habits in Relatively Good and Bad Disease State Compared to Healthy Controls in vomiting and no vomiting patients1 compared to healthy controls. Table S2. Percentage Distribution of Intake of Dietary Items in Relatively Good and Bad Disease State in vomiting and no vomiting patients1 Compared to Healthy Controls.
Excitonic effect on two-photon absorption of two-dimensional semiconductors: Theory and applications to MoS2 and WS2 monolayers
Creators: name: Lan, You-Zhao
name: Bao, Xiao-Hu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on the Bethe-Salpeter equation eigenstates, we present a first-principles many-body formalism for calculating the two-photon absorption (TPA) coefficient of semiconductors. We apply this formalism to calculate the TPA spectra of MoS2 and WS2 monolayers. The all-electron full-potential linearised augmented-plane wave based functions are used for solving the Bethe-Salpeter equation. The calculated spectra are in good agreement with the available experimental ones for WS2 monolayer. The calculated TPA spectra exhibit significant excitonic effects when compared to those based on the independent particle approximation. The physical origin of TPA excitonic transitions of MoS2 and WS2 monolayers are revealed by tracing the sum-over-states process. We show that the spin-orbit coupling effect leads to characteristic double peaks with an interval of half spin-orbit splitting energy. These double peaks mainly originate from the transitions at the vicinity of K point.
description: 16 pages, 5 figures, 3 tables
On the scaling approach to electron-electron interactions in a chaotic quantum dot
Creators: name: Adam, Shaffique
name: Brouwer, Piet W.
name: Sharma, Prashant
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A scaling theory is used to study the low energy physics of electron-electron interactions in a double quantum dot. We show that the fact that electrons are delocalized over two quantum dots does not affect the instability criterion for the description of electron-electron interactions in terms of a ``universal interaction Hamiltonian''.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
MEHNAT BOZORINI AXBOROT BAZASINI STATISTIK HISOBGA OLISH JARAYONLARI
Creators: name: Goyibnazarov, Bahodir
name: Rustambekovna, Zarina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Maqolada mehnat bozorini samarali boshqarish uchun sifatli statistik axborot bazasining zaruriyativochib berilgan. Shu qatorida, mehnat bozoridagi vaziyatni ob'ektiv baholash va asoslangan statistik ma'lumotlar tahlillarqilingan. Shu asosda, mehnat bozorini axborot bazasini statistik hisobga olish jarayonlari yuzasidan takliflar ishlab chiqilgan.
Plant Location Models for a Honey Packer. Sensitivity of Findings to Some Alternative Specifications
Creators: name: Holroyd, W.M.
name: Lessley, B.V.
name: Cain, J.L.
name: Holroyd, W.M.
name: Lessley, B.V.
name: Cain, J.L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1972
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: This paper discusses plant location models applied to a honey processing-ma,rketing firm with emphasis on sensitivity of findings to some alternative objectives and specifications.