cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Bell inequalities for three systems and arbitrarily many measurement outcomes
Creators: name: Grandjean, Basile
name: Liang, Yeong-Cherng
name: Bancal, Jean-Daniel
name: Brunner, Nicolas
name: Gisin, Nicolas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a family of Bell inequalities for three parties and arbitrarily many outcomes, which can be seen as a natural generalization of the Mermin Bell inequality. For a small number of outcomes, we verify that our inequalities define facets of the polytope of local correlations. We investigate the quantum violations of these inequalities, in particular with respect to the Hilbert space dimension. We provide strong evidence that the maximal quantum violation can only be reached using systems with local Hilbert space dimension exceeding the number of measurement outcomes. This suggests that our inequalities can be used as multipartite dimension witnesses.
description: v1 6 pages, 4 tables; v2 Published version with minor typos corrected
Breaking up is hard to do : security and functionality in a commodity hypervisor
Creators: name: Nanavati, Mihir Sudarshan
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Virtualization platforms have grown with an increasing demand for new technologies, with the modern enterprise-ready virtualization platform being a complex, feature-rich piece of software. Despite the small size of hypervisors, the trusted computing base (TCB) of most enterprise platforms is larger than that of most monolithic commodity operating systems. Several key components of the Xen platform reside in a special, highly-privileged virtual machine or the “Control VM”. We present Xoar, a modified version of the Xen platform that retrofits the modularity and isolation principles championed by microkernels onto a mature virtualization platform. Xoar divides the large, shared control VM of Xen’s TCB into a set of independent, isolated, single purpose components called shards. Shards improve security in several ways: components are restricted to the least privilege necessary for functioning and any sharing between guest VMs is explicitly configurable and auditable in tune with the desired risk exposure policies. Microrebooting components at configurable frequencies reduces the temporal attack surface. Our approach does not require any existing functionality to be sacrificed and allows components to be reused rather than rewritten from scratch. The low performance overhead leads us to believe that Xoar is viable alternative for deployment in enterprise environments.
Риси творчого портрета Лесі Українки-драматурга
Creators: name: Vashkiv, Lesia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: Literature

description: Запропонований творчий портрет своїм змістом орієнтований на шкільну програму з поглибленим вивченням української літератури. Висвітлена драматургічна творча діяльність однієї з найяскравіших представників українського модернізму зламу ХІХ-ХХ ст. Проаналізовано драматургію Лесі Українки у її вершинних зразках.

The proposed creative portrait with its content is focused on the school curriculum with an in-depth study of Ukrainian literature. The dramatic creative activity of one of the most prominent representatives of Ukrainian modernism of XIX-XX centuries is highlighted. It is noted that most of the works of this literary genius are written in the third period of the writer's work and comprise the last twelve years of her life. The genre palette of the works is defined, the nature of conflicts and the issues are clarified. The works intended for textual study in a modern comprehensive school are analyzed from the point of view of their poetics, special attention is paid to remarks. Drama written by Lesya Ukrainka – in a variety of themes and motives – is read as a layer of Ukrainian literature and theater, which enriched the domestic culture with world images and plots that the Ukrainian author reinterpreted in accordance with the spirit and requirements of the time in which she lived and worked.
Complex Security Policy? A Longitudinal Analysis of Deployed Content Security Policies.
Creators: name: Roth, Sebastian
name: Barron, Timothy
name: Calzavara, Stefano
name: Nikiforakis, Nick
name: Stock, Ben
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2023

description: The Content Security Policy (CSP) mechanism was developed as a mitigation against script injection attacks in 2010. In this paper, we leverage the unique vantage point of the Internet Archive to conduct a historical and longitudinal analysis of how CSP deployment has evolved for a set of 10,000 highly ranked domains. In doing so, we document the long-term struggle site operators face when trying to roll out CSP for content restriction and highlight that even seemingly secure whitelists can be bypassed through expired or typo domains. Next to these new insights, we also shed light on the usage of CSP for other use cases, in particular, TLS enforcement and framing control. Here, we find that CSP can be easily deployed to fit those security scenarios, but both lack wide-spread adoption. Specifically, while the underspecified and thus inconsistently implemented X-Frame-Options header is increasingly used on the Web, CSP’s well-specified and secure alternative cannot keep up. To understand the reasons behind this, we run a notification campaign and subsequent survey, concluding that operators have often experienced the complexity of CSP (and given up), utterly unaware of the easy-to-deploy components of CSP. Hence, we find the complexity of secure, yet functional content restriction gives CSP a bad reputation, resulting in operators not leveraging its potential to secure a site against the non-original attack vectors.
PeV Gamma Rays from Interactions of Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays in the Milky Way
Creators: name: Gupta, Nayantara
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The PeV gamma ray background produced in the interactions of ultra high energy cosmic rays with the ambient matter and radiations during their propagation in the Milky Way has been calculated in this paper. If the primary ultra high energy cosmic rays are produced from Galactic point sources then those point sources are also emitting PeV gamma rays. We discuss that the detection of galactocentric PeV gamma rays in the future would be a signature of the presence of EeV cosmic accelerators in the Milky Way.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures
Peer-to-Peer Live Streaming and Video On Demand Design Issues and its Challenges
Creators: name: K, Hareesh.
name: H, Manjaiah D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Peer-to-Peer Live streaming and Video on Demand is the most popular media applications over the Internet in recent years. These systems reduce the load on the server and provide a scalable content distribution. A new paradigm of P2P network collaborates to build large distributed video applications on existing networks .But, the problem of designing the system are at par with the P2P media streaming, live and Video on demand systems. Hence a comprehensive design comparison is needed to build such kind of system architecture. Therefore, in this paper we elaborately studied the traditional approaches for P2P streaming architectures, and its critical design issues, as well as practicable challenges. Thus, our studies in this paper clearly point the tangible design issues and its challenges, and other intangible issues for providing P2P VoD services.
description: International Journal of Peer to Peer Networks (IJP2P), Vol.2, No.4, October 2011
Assessing the Impact of Script Gadgets on CSP at Scale
Creators: name: Roth, Sebastian
name: Backes, Michael
name: Stock, Ben
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2023

description: The Web, as one of the core technologies of modern society, has profoundly changed the way we interact with people and data through social networks or full-fledged office Web applications. One of the worst attacks on the Web is Cross-Site Scripting (XSS), in which an attacker is able to inject their malicious JavaScript code into a Web application, giving this code full access to the victimized site. To mitigate the impact of markup injection flaws that cause XSS, support for the Content Security Policy (CSP) is nowadays shipped in all browsers. Deploying such a policy enables a Web developer to whitelist from where script code can be loaded, essentially constraining the capabilities of the attacker to only be able to execute injected code from said whitelist. As recently shown by Lekies et al., injecting script markup is not a necessary prerequisite for a successful attack in the presence of so-called script gadgets. These small snippets of benign JavaScript code transform non-script markup contained in a page into executable JavaScript, opening the door for bypasses of a deployed CSP. Especially in combination with CSP’s logic in handling redirected resources, script gadgets enable attackers to bypass an otherwise secure policy. In this paper, we therefore ask the question: is deploying CSP in a secure fashion even possible without a priori knowledge of all files hosted on even a partially trusted origin?To answer this question, we investigate the severity of the findings of Lekies et al., showing real-world Web sites on which, even in the presence of CSP and without code containing such gadgets being added by the developer, an attacker can sideload libraries with known script gadgets, as long as the hosting site is whitelisted in the CSP. In combination with the aforementioned redirect logic, this enables us to bypass 10% of otherwise secure CSPs in the wild. To further answer our main research question, we conduct a hypothetical what-if analysis. Doing so, we automatically generate sensible CSPs for all of the Top 10,000 sites and show that around one-third of all sites would still be susceptible to a bypass through script gadget sideloading due to heavy reliance on third parties which also host such libraries.
Explainable Data Decompositions
Creators: name: Dalleiger, Sebastian
name: Vreeken, Jilles
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2023

description: Our goal is to discover the components of a dataset, characterize why we deem these components, explain how these components are different from each other, as well as identify what properties they share among each other. As is usual, we consider regions in the data to be components if they show significantly different distributions. What is not usual, however, is that we parameterize these distributions with patterns that are informative for one or more components. We do so because these patterns allow us to characterize what is going on in our data as well as explain our decomposition. We define the problem in terms of a regularized maximum likelihood, in which we use the Maximum Entropy principle to model each data component with a set of patterns. As the search space is large and unstructured, we propose the deterministic Disc algorithm to efficiently discover high-quality decompositions via an alternating optimization approach. Empirical evaluation on synthetic and real-world data shows that efficiently discovers meaningful components and accurately characterises these in easily understandable terms.
Cell Design and Electrode Material for All Vanadium Redox Flow Battery
Creators: name: Li, Jialang
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: all-vanadium redox flow battery
subject: cell design
subject: electrode material
subject: flow through condition
subject: carbon nano materials
subject: Engineering--Chemical

description: The all-vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB) is one of the most promising renewable energy storage systems due to its high energy efficiency, reliability, design flexibility and environmental friendly. In order to improve the performance of VRFB, cell design and electrode materials were studied in this project. A novel flow field design using a flow going through the porous electrode for the VRFB has been evaluated. By dividing the flow between flow-by and a portion of the flow going through the electrode, a significant improvement in the performance was obtained. A vanadium electrolyte system was used and charging and discharging cycles were performed and compared with the flow-by design. With a portion of flow going through the electrode, the voltage efficiency was increased from 74% to 80% and the voltage loss was decreased by 23%. The results indicate that the “flow through” condition can enhance the mass transfer rate at the surface of electrode. A templated nano-carbon scaffold (NCS) electrode material was evaluated for using in the VRFB. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to characterize the morphology of the electrode materials. This material has an organized nanoporous structure and the pore size can be as small as 22 nm. To investigate the performance of NCS as an electrode material, the NCS was attached to the surface of conventional carbon paper electrodes. The charge discharge performance of the VRFB was determined using a flow through mode of operation. The performance of nano carbon scaffold (NCS) with different pore size and thickness was compared with a conventional heat-treated carbon paper. The results show that by using nano carbon scaffold (NCS-85-HT), the voltage efficiency increased from 74% to 91% at 10 mA cm-2. The energy efficiency also increased from 56% to 70% at 10 mAcm-2 due to the increased voltage efficiency. The results indicate that the large surface area of the NCS, associated with its nano structure, lead to a reduction in overpotential of around 65%, and thus higher battery efficiencies. Cell performance under different current density was also explored and the improved efficiencies for NCS were maintained at all the current densities studied.
«Місцин тут доволі для роздумів...»
Creators: name: Vashkiv, Lesia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: Literature

description: Рецензія на збірку віршів Василя Махна "Плавник риби" (Івано-Франківськ: Лілея-НВ, 2002).
Primitive divisors of Lucas and Lehmer sequences
Creators: name: Voutier, Paul M
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11D61

description: Stewart reduced the problem of determining all Lucas and Lehmer sequences whose $n$-th element does not have a primitive divisor to solving certain Thue equations. Using the method of Tzanakis and de Weger for solving Thue equations, we determine such sequences for $n \leq 30$. Further computations lead us to conjecture that, for $n > 30$, the $n$-th element of such sequences always has a primitive divisor.
Promptness and Bounded Fairness in Concurrent and Parameterized Systems
Creators: name: Jacobs, Swen
name: Sakr, Mouhammad
name: Zimmermann, Martin
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2023

description: We investigate the satisfaction of specifications in Prompt Linear Temporal Logic (Prompt-LTL) by concurrent systems. Prompt-LTL is an extension of LTL that allows to specify parametric bounds onthe satisfaction of eventualities, thus adding a quantitative aspect to the specification language. We establish a connection between bounded fairness, bounded stutter equivalence, and the satisfaction of Prompt-LTL\X formulas. Based on this connection, we prove the first cutoff results for different classes of systems with a parametric number of components and quantitative specifications, thereby identifying previously unknown decidable fragments of the parameterized model checking problem.
Spin-Orbit Coupled Bose-Einstein Condensate under Rotation
Creators: name: Xu, Xiao-Qiang
name: Han, Jung Hoon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the combined effects of Rashba spin-orbit (SO) coupling and rotation on trapped spinor Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs). Nature of single particle states is thoroughly examined in the Landau level basis and is shown to support the formation of half-quantum vortex. In the presence of weak s-wave interactions, the ground state at strong SO coupling develops ring-like structures with domains whose number shows step behavior with increasing rotation. For fast rotation case, the vortex pattern favors triangular lattice, accompanied by the density depletion in the central region and weakened Skyrmionic character as the SO coupling is enhanced. Giant vortex formation is facilitated when SO coupling and rotation are both strong.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in PRL
Scalar-tensor cosmologies with dust matter in the general relativity limit
Creators: name: Järv, Laur
name: Kuusk, Piret
name: Saal, Margus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider flat Friedmann-Lema\^ıtre-Robertson-Walker cosmological models in the framework of general scalar-tensor theories of gravity with arbitrary coupling functions, set in the Jordan frame, in the cosmological epoch when the energy density of the ordinary dust matter dominates over the energy density of the scalar potential. Motivated by cosmological observations, we apply an approximation scheme in the regime close to the so-called limit of general relativity. The ensuing nonlinear approximate equations for the scalar field and the Hubble parameter can be solved analytically in cosmological time. This allows us to distinguish the theories with solutions that asymptotically converge to general relativity and draw some implications about the cosmological dynamics near this limit.
description: 15 pages
Sphereing: A Novel Framework for Real-time Collaboration and Co-presence in VR
Creators: name: Kinzler, Helmut
name: Tadauchi, Risa
name: Zolotareva, Daria
name: Mnich-Spraiter, Aleksandra
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: VR
subject: white paper
subject: unified data
subject: AEC
subject: VR collaboration
subject: CAE
subject: Architecture
subject: FOS: Civil engineering

description: In this paper, we present Sphereing as a novel conceptual framework for realistic co-presence and collaboration
 inside VR1. While our own research is aimed at the Architecture, Engineering, and Construction (AEC) industry,
 this framework is envisioned for broader, persistent use in cybernetic commercial and public domains. Through
 our research into the requirements for an immersive collective collaborative environment, we have come to see
 that a unified information space is essential for effective knowledge exchange, and for creating and hosting
 holistic, multi-author constructs. This raises questions of authorship, IP, and access privileges within the singular
 space, which we address through our Sphereing approach to unified data.
Prediction Poisoning: Towards Defenses Against DNN Model Stealing Attacks
Creators: name: Orekondy, Tribhuvanesh
name: Schiele, Bernt
name: Fritz, Mario
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2023

description: High-performance Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) are increasingly deployed in many real-world applications e.g., cloud prediction APIs. Recent advances in model functionality stealing attacks via black-box access (i.e., inputs in, predictions out) threaten the business model of such applications, which require a lot of time, money, and effort to develop. Existing defenses take a passive role against stealing attacks, such as by truncating predicted information. We find such passive defenses ineffective against DNN stealing attacks. In this paper, we propose the first defense which actively perturbs predictions targeted at poisoning the training objective of the attacker. We find our defense effective across a wide range of challenging datasets and DNN model stealing attacks, and additionally outperforms existing defenses. Our defense is the first that can withstand highly accurate model stealing attacks for tens of thousands of queries, amplifying the attacker's error rate up to a factor of 85× with minimal impact on the utility for benign users.
Options to Prevent Rabies in Cattle in Bhutan
Creators: name: Rinchen, Sangay
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Rabies
subject: Cattle
subject: KAP
subject: Risk assessment
subject: Bhutan
subject: Education--Agricultural
subject: Education--Social Sciences
subject: Epidemiology

description: Rabies is endemic in the southern regions of Bhutan. Frequent spillover in cattle threatens the livelihoods of marginal farmers and poses significant public health threats with a high cost to the government for outbreak response and post-exposure prophylaxis in humans. The objectives of this research were to 1) assess the risk of rabies reintroduction into the rabies low-risk zone of Bhutan, 2) describe and compare Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices about rabies among cattle owners in high and low-risk areas, and 3) assess the economic benefits of vaccinating cattle against rabies in high-risk areas. We observed that the risk of rabies reintroduction into the low-risk zone was above negligible highlighting the need to enhance risk-mitigation measures. The observation of a lack of comprehensive knowledge about rabies among survey participants underlines the need to enhance rabies education programs. Our analysis also indicated that vaccinating cattle in high-risk areas could be a beneficial option to prevent rabies in cattle.
Михайло Драй-Хмара як рецензент творів Максима Багдановіча у виданні інституту білоруської культури
Creators: name: Vashkiv, Lesia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Literature
subject: 200509 Central and Eastern European Literature (incl. Russian)
subject: FOS: Languages and literature
subject: 200525 Literary Theory

description: Михайло Драй-Хмара як рецензент творів Максима Багдановіча у виданні інституту білоруської культури
«Свідчу Вам, дорогий добродію, свою повну симпатію...» (Володимир Гнатюк – адресат Михайла Коцюбинського)
Creators: name: Vashkiv, Lesia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Literature
subject: 200509 Central and Eastern European Literature (incl. Russian)
subject: FOS: Languages and literature
subject: 200525 Literary Theory

description: Літературна критика у листуванні Володимира Гнатюка і Михайла Коцюбинського
Modular verification of shared-memory concurrent system software
Creators: name: Rakamarić, Zvonimir
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Software is large, complex, and error-prone. According to the US National Institute of Standards and Technology, software bugs cost the US economy an estimated $60 billion each year. The trend in hardware design of switching to multi-core architectures makes software development even more complex. Cutting software development costs and ensuring higher reliability of software is of global interest and a grand challenge. This is especially true of the system software that is the foundation beneath all general-purpose application programs. The verification of system software poses particular challenges: system software is typically written in a low-level programming language with dynamic memory allocation and pointer manipulation, and system software is also highly concurrent, with shared-memory communication being the main concurrent programming paradigm. Available verification tools usually perform poorly when dealing with the aforementioned challenges. This thesis addresses these problems by enabling precise and scalable verification of low-level, shared-memory, concurrent programs. The main contributions are about the interrelated concepts of memory, modularity, and concurrency. First, because programs use huge amounts of memory, the memory is usually modeled very imprecisely in order to scale to big programs. This imprecise modeling renders most tools almost useless in the memory-intensive parts of code. This thesis describes a scalable, yet precise, memory model that offers on-demand precision only when necessary. Second, modularity is the key to scalability, but it often comes with a price --- a user must manually provide module specifications, making the verification process more tedious. This thesis proposes a light-weight technique for automatically inferring an important family of specifications to make the verification process more automatic. Third, the number of program behaviors explodes in the presence of concurrency, thereby greatly increasing the complexity of the verification task. This explosion is especially true of shared-memory concurrency. The thesis presents a static context-bounded analysis that combines a number of techniques to successfully solve this problem. We have implemented the above contributions in the verification tools developed as a part of this thesis. We have applied the tools on real-life system software, and we are already finding critical, previously undiscovered bugs.
Про дві особливі статті у винниченкознавчих студіях Григорія Костюка
Creators: name: Vashkiv, Lesia
name: Світлана Бородіца
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Literature
subject: 200509 Central and Eastern European Literature (incl. Russian)
subject: FOS: Languages and literature

description: У статті досліджуються зміст та поетикальні особливості двох праць Григорія Костюка, присвячених проблемі ідейно-творчих взаємин українських митців початку ХХ ст. – Володимира Винниченка і Лесі Українки та Володимира Винниченка і Сергія Єфремова. З’ясовується їх особливе місце у корпусі винниченкознавчих студій дослідника.
Interacting spins in a cavity: finite size effects and symmetry-breaking dynamics
Creators: name: Gammelmark, Søren
name: Mølmer, Klaus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the ground state and simulate the dynamics of a finite chain of spins with Ising nearest-neighbor interactions and a Dicke collective spin interaction with a single mode cavity field. We recover the signatures of first and second order phase transitions predicted by mean field theory, while for small chains, we find significant and non-trivial finite size effects. Below the first order phase transition, even quite large spin chains of 30-40 spins give rise to a mean photon number and number fluctuations significantly above the mean field vacuum result. Near the second order phase critical point, our calculations reveal photon number fluctuations that grow beyond Poisson statistics with the size of the spin chain. We simulate the stochastic evolution of the system when the cavity output field is subject to homodyne detection. For an initial state close to the first order phase-transition the random character of the measurement process causes a measurement-induced symmetry-breaking in the system. This symmetry-breaking occurs on the time-scale needed for an observer to gather sufficient information to distinguish between the two possible (mean-field) symmetry-broken states.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
New class I methanol masers
Creators: name: Voronkov, M. A.
name: Caswell, J. L.
name: Ellingsen, S. P.
name: Breen, S. L.
name: Britton, T. R.
name: Green, J. A.
name: Sobolev, A. M.
name: Walsh, A. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review properties of all known collisionally pumped (class I) methanol maser series based on observations with the Australia Telescope Compact Array (ATCA) and the Mopra radio telescope. Masers at 36, 84, 44 and 95 GHz are most widespread, while 9.9, 25, 23.4 and 104 GHz masers are much rarer, tracing the most energetic shocks. A survey of many southern masers at 36 and 44 GHz suggests that these two transitions are highly complementary. The 23.4 GHz maser is a new type of rare class I methanol maser, detected only in two high-mass star-forming regions, G357.97-0.16 and G343.12-0.06, and showing a behaviour similar to 9.9, 25 and 104 GHz masers. Interferometric positions suggest that shocks responsible for class I masers could arise from a range of phenomena, not merely an outflow scenario. For example, some masers might be caused by interaction of an expanding HII region with its surrounding molecular cloud. This has implications for evolutionary sequences incorporating class I methanol masers if they appear more than once during the evolution of the star-forming region. We also make predictions for candidate maser transitions at the ALMA frequency range.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures, to appear in proceedings for IAUS 287: Cosmic Masers - from OH to H0
Two-Dimensional Electrostatic Lattices for Indirect Excitons
Creators: name: Remeika, Mikas
name: Fogler, Michael M.
name: Butov, Leonid V.
name: Hanson, Micah
name: Gossard, Arthur C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on a method for the realization of two-dimensional electrostatic lattices for excitons using patterned interdigitated electrodes. Lattice structure is set by the electrode pattern and depth of the lattice potential is controlled by applied voltages. We demonstrate square, hexagonal, and honeycomb lattices created by this method.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures. Main text and supplementary information
Zum Beitrag von Hanns Christian Löhr in Kunstchronik Nr. 1, 2012, 7-12
Creators: name: Schwarz, Birgit
Publisher: name: Kunstchronik. Monatsschrift für Kunstwissenschaft, Museumswesen und Denkmalpflege
Year: 2021

description: Kunstchronik. Monatsschrift für Kunstwissenschaft, Museumswesen und Denkmalpflege, Bd. 65 Nr. 3 (2012): Kunstchronik. Monatsschrift für Kunstwissenschaft, Museumswesen und Denkmalpflege
Quantum Steering and Space-Like Separation
Creators: name: Navascues, Miguel
name: Perez-Garcia, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In non-relativistic quantum mechanics, measurements performed by separate observers are modeled via tensor products. In Algebraic Quantum Field Theory, though, local observables corresponding to space-like separated parties are just required to commute. The problem of determining whether these two definitions of "separation" lead to the same set of bipartite correlations is known in non-locality as Tsirelson's problem. In this article, we prove that the analog of Tsirelson's problem in steering scenarios is false. That is, there exists a steering inequality that can be violated or not depending on how we define space-like separation at the operator level.
description: Some typos corrected. Short discussion about Algebraic Quantum Field Theory. Modified introduction and conclusion
Засоби розкриття дитячої психології у романі Уласа Самчука «Куди тече та річка»
Creators: name: Vashkiv, Lesia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 200304 Central and Eastern European Languages (incl. Russian)
subject: FOS: Languages and literature
subject: 200525 Literary Theory
subject: Literature

description: У статті аналізуються засоби розкриття дитячої психології у романі Уласа Самчука «Куди тече та річка»
Towards Plausible Graph Anonymization
Creators: name: Zhang, Yang
name: Humbert, Mathias
name: Surma, Bartlomiej
name: Manoharan, Praveen
name: Vreeken, Jilles
name: Backes, Michael
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2023

description: Social graphs derived from online social interactions contain a wealth of information that is nowadays extensively used by both industry and academia. However, as social graphs contain sensitive information, they need to be properly anonymized before release. Most of the existing graph anonymization mechanisms rely on the perturbation of the original graph's edge set. In this paper, we identify a fundamental weakness of these mechanisms: They neglect the strong structural proximity between friends in social graphs, thus add implausible fake edges for anonymization. To exploit this weakness, we first propose a metric to quantify an edge's plausibility by relying on graph embedding. Extensive experiments on three real-life social network datasets demonstrate that our plausibility metric can very effectively differentiate fake edges from original edges with AUC (area under the ROC curve) values above 0.95 in most of the cases. We then rely on a Gaussian mixture model to automatically derive the threshold on the edge plausibility values to determine whether an edge is fake, which enables us to recover to a large extent the original graph from the anonymized graph. We further demonstrate that our graph recovery attack jeopardizes the privacy guarantees provided by the considered graph anonymization mechanisms. To mitigate this vulnerability, we propose a method to generate fake yet plausible edges given the graph structure and incorporate it into the existing anonymization mechanisms. Our evaluation demonstrates that the enhanced mechanisms decrease the chances of graph recovery, reduce the success of graph de-anonymization (up to 30\%), and provide even better utility than the existing anonymization mechanisms.
Updates-Leak: Data Set Inference and Reconstruction Attacks in Online Learning
Creators: name: Salem, Ahmed
name: Bhattacharya, Apratim
name: Backes, Michael
name: Fritz, Mario
name: Zhang, Yang
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2023

description: Machine learning (ML) has progressed rapidly during the past decade and the major factor that drives such development is the unprecedented large-scale data. As data generation is a continuous process, this leads to ML model owners updating their models frequently with newly-collected data in an online learning scenario. In consequence, if an ML model is queried with the same set of data samples at two different points in time, it will provide different results. In this paper, we investigate whether the change in the output of a black-box ML model before and after being updated can leak information of the dataset used to perform the update, namely the updating set. This constitutes a new attack surface against black-box ML models and such information leakage may compromise the intellectual property and data privacy of the ML model owner. We propose four attacks following an encoder-decoder formulation, which allows inferring diverse information of the updating set. Our new attacks are facilitated by state-of-the-art deep learning techniques. In particular, we propose a hybrid generative model ({\UGAN}) that is based on generative adversarial networks (GANs) but includes a reconstructive loss that allows reconstructing accurate samples. Our experiments show that the proposed attacks achieve strong performance.
Van der Waals Interactions in DFT using Wannier Functions: improved $C_6$ and $C_3$ coefficients by a new approach
Creators: name: Ambrosetti, A.
name: Silvestrelli, P. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new implementation is proposed for including van der Waals interactions in Density Functional Theory using the Maximally-Localized Wannier functions. With respect to the previous DFT/vdW-WF method, the present DFT/vdW-WF2 approach, which is based on the simpler London expression and takes into account the intrafragment overlap of the localized Wannier functions, leads to a considerable improvement in the evaluation of the $C_6$ van der Waals coefficients, as shown by the application to a set of selected dimers. Preliminary results on Ar on graphite and Ne on the Cu(111) metal surface suggest that also the $C_3$ coefficients, characterizing molecule-surfaces van der Waals interactions are better estimated with the new scheme.
description: 5 pages, 2 tables
Класики білоруського відродження у критичній рецепції Михайла Драй-Хмари
Creators: name: Vashkiv, Lesia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Literature
subject: 200525 Literary Theory
subject: FOS: Languages and literature
subject: 200509 Central and Eastern European Literature (incl. Russian)

description: У статті представлено критичні рецепції М. Драй-Хмари стосовно творчості Янки Купали і Максима Багдановіча.
Transport level features for commodity clusters
Creators: name: Penoff, Bradley Thomas
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: There is a need for systems to provide additional processing to extract useful information from the growing amounts of data. High Performance Computing (HPC) techniques use large clusters comprised of commodity hardware and software to provide the necessary computation when a single machine does not suffice. In addition to the increase in data, there have been other architectural changes like the advent of multicore and the presence of multiple networks on a single compute node, yet the commodity transport protocols in use have not adapted. It is therefore an opportune time to revisit the question of which transport features are necessary in order to best support today’s applications. Popular in HPC, we use the Message Passing Interface (MPI) to provide support for large scale parallel applications. We propose features to the transport protocol to overcome the problems with reliability, performance, and design simplicity existing in Ethernet-based commodity clusters. We use the Stream Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP) as a vehicle to implement tools having the proposed transport features for MPI. We develop several SCTP-based MPI implementations, a full-featured userspace SCTP stack, as well as enable the execution of unmodified MPI programs over a simulated network and SCTP implementation. The tools themselves provide the HPC and networking communities means to utilize improved transport features for MPI by way of SCTP. The tools developed in this thesis are used to show that the proposed transport features enable further capabilities regarding the performance, reliability, and design simplicity of MPI applications running on Ethernet-based cluster systems constructed out of commodity components.
<< I Know Where You Parked Last Summer >> Automated Reverse Engineering and Privacy Analysis of Modern Cars
Creators: name: Frassinelli, Daniel
name: Park, Sohyeon
name: Nürnberger, Stefan
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2023

description: Nowadays, cars are equipped with hundreds of sensors and dozens of computers that process data. Unfortunately, due to the very secret nature of the automotive industry, there is no official nor objective source of information as to what data exactly their vehicles collect. Anecdotal evidence suggests that OEMs are collecting huge amounts of personal data about their drivers, which they suddenly reveal when requested in court. In this paper, we present our tool AutoCAN for privacy and security analysis of cars that reveals what data cars collect by tapping into in-vehicle networks and extracting time series of data and automatically making sense of them by establishing relationships based on laws of physics. These algorithms work irrespective of make, model or used protocols. Our results show that car makers track the GPS position, the number of occupants, their weight, usage statistics of doors, lights, and AC. We also reveal that OEMs embed functions to remotely disable the car or get an alert when the driver is speeding.
Finding Approximate POMDP solutions Through Belief Compression
Creators: name: Roy, N.
name: Gordon, G.
name: Thrun, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Standard value function approaches to finding policies for Partially Observable Markov Decision Processes (POMDPs) are generally considered to be intractable for large models. The intractability of these algorithms is to a large extent a consequence of computing an exact, optimal policy over the entire belief space. However, in real-world POMDP problems, computing the optimal policy for the full belief space is often unnecessary for good control even for problems with complicated policy classes. The beliefs experienced by the controller often lie near a structured, low-dimensional subspace embedded in the high-dimensional belief space. Finding a good approximation to the optimal value function for only this subspace can be much easier than computing the full value function. We introduce a new method for solving large-scale POMDPs by reducing the dimensionality of the belief space. We use Exponential family Principal Components Analysis (Collins, Dasgupta and Schapire, 2002) to represent sparse, high-dimensional belief spaces using small sets of learned features of the belief state. We then plan only in terms of the low-dimensional belief features. By planning in this low-dimensional space, we can find policies for POMDP models that are orders of magnitude larger than models that can be handled by conventional techniques. We demonstrate the use of this algorithm on a synthetic problem and on mobile robot navigation tasks.
Raccoon: Automated Verification of Guarded Race Conditions in Web Applications
Creators: name: Koch, Simon
name: Sauer, Tim
name: Johns, Martin
name: Pellegrino, Giancarlo
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2023

description: Web applications are distributed, asynchronous applications that can span multiple concurrent processes. They are intended to be used by a large amount of users at the same time. As concurrent applications, web applications have to account for race conditions that may occur when database access happens concurrently. Unlike vulnerability classes, such as XSS or SQL Injection, dbms based race condition flaws have received little attention even though their impact is potentially severe. In this paper, we present Raccoon, an automated approach to detect and verify race condition vulnerabilities in web application. Raccoon identifies potential race conditions through interleaving execution of user traces while tightly monitoring the resulting database activity. Based on our methodology we create a proof of concept implementation. We test four different web applications and ten use cases and discover six race conditions with security implications. Raccoon requires neither security expertise nor knowledge about implementation or database layout, while only reporting vulnerabilities, in which the tool was able to successfully replicate a practical attack. Thus, Raccoon complements previous approaches that did not verify detected possible vulnerabilities.
Light Sterile Neutrinos and Short Baseline Neutrino Oscillation Anomalies
Creators: name: Fan, JiJi
name: Langacker, Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study two possible explanations for short baseline neutrino oscillation anomalies, such as the LSND and MiniBooNE anti-neutrino data, and for the reactor anomaly. The first scenario is the mini-seesaw mechanism with two eV-scale sterile neutrinos. We present both analytic formulas and numerical results showing that this scenario could account for the short baseline and reactor anomalies and is consistent with the observed masses and mixings of the three active neutrinos. We also show that this scenario could arise naturally from an effective theory containing a TeV-scale VEV, which could be related to other TeV-scale physics. The minimal version of the mini-seesaw relates the active-sterile mixings to five real parameters and favors an inverted hierarchy. It has the interesting property that the effective Majorana mass for neutrinoless double beta decay vanishes, while the effective masses relevant to tritium beta decay and to cosmology are respectively around 0.2 and 2.4 eV. The second scenario contains only one eV-scale sterile neutrino but with an effective non-unitary mixing matrix between the light sterile and active neutrinos. We find that though this may explain the anomalies, if the non-unitarity originates from a heavy sterile neutrino with a large (fine-tuned) mixing angle, this scenario is highly constrained by cosmological and laboratory observations.
description: 25 pages, 6 figures
Magnetohydrodynamics dynamical relaxation of coronal magnetic fields. I. Parallel untwisted magnetic fields in 2D
Creators: name: Fuentes-Fernández, Jorge
name: Parnell, Clare E.
name: Hood, Alan W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. For the last thirty years, most of the studies on the relaxation of stressed magnetic fields in the solar environment have onlyconsidered the Lorentz force, neglecting plasma contributions, and therefore, limiting every equilibrium to that of a force-free field. Aims. Here we begin a study of the non-resistive evolution of finite beta plasmas and their relaxation to magnetohydrostatic states, where magnetic forces are balanced by plasma-pressure gradients, by using a simple 2D scenario involving a hydromagnetic disturbance to a uniform magnetic field. The final equilibrium state is predicted as a function of the initial disturbances, with aims to demonstrate what happens to the plasma during the relaxation process and to see what effects it has on the final equilibrium state. Methods. A set of numerical experiments are run using a full MHD code, with the relaxation driven by magnetoacoustic waves damped by viscous effects. The numerical results are compared with analytical calculations made within the linear regime, in which the whole process must remain adiabatic. Particular attention is paid to the thermodynamic behaviour of the plasma during the relaxation. Results. The analytical predictions for the final non force-free equilibrium depend only on the initial perturbations and the total pressure of the system. It is found that these predictions hold surprisingly well even for amplitudes of the perturbation far outside the linear regime. Conclusions. Including the effects of a finite plasma beta in relaxation experiments leads to significant differences from the force-free case.
blert
Creators: name: Scott, Jordan
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 2006

description: Bibliography: p. 22-25
description: Having stuttered all my life, blert poetically formulates my intimate knowledge of the stutter's impact on speech, language and sound. While 55 million people are known to stutter worldwide, no one has yet attempted an intensive engagement of the stutter through poetry. Many poets such as Phillip Larkin and Lewis Carroll stuttered all their lives and yet declined to textually or personally engage the stutter within their works. Other literary texts, mostly children's stories and juvenilia, have only addressed the stutter in an anecdotal manner. blert develops the page into an engaging phonetic and visceral experience of what it is, for me, to stutter. A critical introduction situates the collection in the context ofrelevant linguistic and poetic theories such as Charles Olson's notion of the breath line and Steve McCaffery's ideas on sound poetry.