cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Black and Smelly Waters: how citizen-generated transparency is addressing gaps in China’s environmental management
Creators: name: Hsu, Angel
name: Weinfurter, Amy
name: Tong, Jeffrey
name: Yihao Xie
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Information communication technologies (ICTs) generate new forums for transparency via governance-by-disclosure initiatives designed to improve environmental management and policy. Data generated by these programs are a means to empower citizens, narrowing the accountability gap between governments and people and enhancing public service. There is little empirical evidence, however, that supports the theory that citizen-generated data can be used to improve the accountability of local government officials. Citizen-led transparency efforts are emerging in China, as the country undergoes an information revolution that has brought ICTs to near ubiquity. We evaluate the transformative potential of a new ICT initiative, the ‘Black and Smelly Waters’ program, which China’s government launched to help enforce local government water remediation efforts. Many examples of citizen-generated transparency are grassroots initiatives, yet the Black and Smelly Waters program is distinct in its top-down structure. An empirical evaluation of preliminary data illuminates Black and Smelly Waters’s early successes and challenges as a means to generate transparency and accountability. We discuss these findings and propose a broad application of this new type of disclosure to reshape environmental management in China.
High proliferation and delamination during skin epidermal stratification
Creators: name: Damen, Mareike
name: Wirtz, Lisa
name: Soroka, Ekaterina
name: Khatif, Houda
name: Kukat, Christian
name: Simons, Benjamin D.
name: Bazzi, Hisham
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Article
/631/80/641
/631/80/128/1965
/631/80/128/1383
/631/136/2091
/631/208/135
/64/60
/14/19
/38/91
/82/1
/96/31
article

description: Abstract: The development of complex stratified epithelial barriers in mammals is initiated from single-layered epithelia. How stratification is initiated and fueled are still open questions. Previous studies on skin epidermal stratification suggested a central role for perpendicular/asymmetric cell division orientation of the basal keratinocyte progenitors. Here, we use centrosomes, that organize the mitotic spindle, to test whether cell division orientation and stratification are linked. Genetically ablating centrosomes from the developing epidermis leads to the activation of the p53-, 53BP1- and USP28-dependent mitotic surveillance pathway causing a thinner epidermis and hair follicle arrest. The centrosome/p53-double mutant keratinocyte progenitors significantly alter their division orientation in the later stages without majorly affecting epidermal differentiation. Together with time-lapse imaging and tissue growth dynamics measurements, the data suggest that the first and major phase of epidermal development is boosted by high proliferation rates in both basal and suprabasally-committed keratinocytes as well as cell delamination, whereas the second phase maybe uncoupled from the division orientation of the basal progenitors. The data provide insights for tissue homeostasis and hyperproliferative diseases that may recapitulate developmental programs.
Novel temperature operated electrooptical materials based on K2ZnCl4: PVA polymer nanocomposites
Creators: name: El-Naggar, A. M.
name: Albassam, A. A.
name: Jedryka, J.
name: Wojciechowski, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have discovered significant temperature anomalies of the linear electrooptical (EOE) coefficients for the K2ZnCl4 nanocrystallites embedded into the polymer matrices. The EOE efficiency was operated by external dc-electric field and UV polarized laser light. The maximal enhancement of EOE output was achieved within the temperature range 375 K-420 K. This temperature range corresponds to existence of incommensurate structural modulation. The maximally achieved field induced EOE efficiency was equal to about 1.4 pm/V for off-diagonal EOE tensor component. The size and NC content dependences have been explored for the size range (20 nm-1500 nm) and contents varying within the 25%-35%. For the sizes about 1200 nm, the EOE is commensurable with the EOE of the bulk crystals and is equal to about 0.6 pm/V.
description: 3 pages, 4 figures
PMN J1632-0033: A new gravitationally lensed quasar
Creators: name: Winn, Joshua N.
name: Morgan, Nicholas D.
name: Hewitt, Jacqueline N.
name: Kochanek, Christopher S.
name: Lovell, James E. J.
name: Patnaik, Alok R.
name: Pindor, Bart
name: Schechter, Paul L.
name: Schommer, Robert A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the discovery of a gravitationally lensed quasar resulting from our survey for lenses in the southern sky. Radio images of PMN J1632-0033 with the VLA and ATCA exhibit two compact, flat-spectrum components with separation 1.47" and flux density ratio 13.2. Images with the HST reveal the optical counterparts to the radio components and also the lens galaxy. An optical spectrum of the bright component, obtained with the first Magellan telescope, reveals quasar emission lines at redshift 3.42. Deeper radio images with MERLIN and the VLBA reveal a faint third radio component located near the center of the lens galaxy, which is either a third image of the background quasar or faint emission from the lens galaxy.
description: 21 pp., including 4 figures; thoroughly revised in light of new MERLIN/HST data; accepted for publication in AJ
Longitudinal association between CRP levels and risk of psychosis: a meta-analysis of population-based cohort studies
Creators: name: Osimo, Emanuele F.
name: Baxter, Luke
name: Stochl, Jan
name: Perry, Benjamin I.
name: Metcalf, Stephen A.
name: Kunutsor, Setor K.
name: Laukkanen, Jari A.
name: Wium-Andersen, Marie Kim
name: Jones, Peter B.
name: Khandaker, Golam M.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Review Article
/692/53
/692/699/476/1761
review-article

description: Abstract: Meta-analyses of cross-sectional studies suggest that patients with psychosis have higher circulating levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) compared with healthy controls; however, cause and effect is unclear. We examined the prospective association between CRP levels and subsequent risk of developing a psychotic disorder by conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis of population-based cohort studies. Databases were searched for prospective studies of CRP and psychosis. We obtained unpublished results, including adjustment for age, sex, body mass index, smoking, alcohol use, and socioeconomic status and suspected infection (CRP > 10 mg/L). Based on random effect meta-analysis of 89,792 participants (494 incident cases of psychosis at follow-up), the pooled odds ratio (OR) for psychosis for participants with high (>3 mg/L), as compared to low (≤3 mg/L) CRP levels at baseline was 1.50 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.09–2.07). Evidence for this association remained after adjusting for potential confounders (adjusted OR [aOR] = 1.31; 95% CI, 1.03–1.66). After excluding participants with suspected infection, the OR for psychosis was 1.36 (95% CI, 1.06–1.74), but the association attenuated after controlling for confounders (aOR = 1.23; 95% CI, 0.95–1.60). Using CRP as a continuous variable, the pooled OR for psychosis per standard deviation increase in log(CRP) was 1.11 (95% CI, 0.93–1.34), and this association further attenuated after controlling for confounders (aOR = 1.07; 95% CI, 0.90–1.27) and excluding participants with suspected infection (aOR = 1.07; 95% CI, 0.92–1.24). There was no association using CRP as a categorical variable (low, medium or high). While we provide some evidence of a longitudinal association between high CRP (>3 mg/L) and psychosis, larger studies are required to enable definitive conclusions.
Fermionic topological charge of families of lattice gauge fields
Creators: name: Adams, David H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Topological charge of families of lattice gauge fields is defined fermionically via families index theory for the overlap Dirac operator. Certain obstructions to gauge invariance of the overlap chiral fermion determinant, as well as the lattice analogues of certain obstructions to gauge fixings without the Gribov problem, have natural descriptions in this context.
description: 4p., Lattice2002(chiral) (+ one paragraph not included in the proceedings version for length reasons)
The $S_{E1}$ factor of radiative $α$ capture on $^{12}$C in effective field theory
Creators: name: Ando, Shung-Ichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The $S_{E1}$ factor of radiative $α$ capture on $^{12}$C is studied in effective field theory. We briefly discuss the strategy for the calculation of the reaction and report a first result of $S_{E1}$ at the Gamow-peak energy, $E_G=0.3$~MeV.
description: 3 pages, 4 eps figures, contribution to the 22nd International Conference on Few-Body Problems in Physics (FB22), 9-13 July 2018, Caen, France
Additional file 1 of Resolution of an insidious and migratory Mycobacterium tuberculosis-associated secondary organizing pneumonia: a case report and literature review
Creators: name: Huang, Li-Li
name: Wang, Chun
name: Liu, Ying
name: Gu, Xiao-Yan
name: Wang, Wei-Xiao
name: Chen, Wei
name: Hu, Chun-Mei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Supplementary Material 1
On a mechanism of highest-energy cosmic ray acceleration
Creators: name: Litwin, C.
name: Rosner, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A recently proposed mechanism of acceleration of highest energy cosmic rays by polarization electric fields arising in plasmoids injected into neutron star magnetospheres is discussed.
description: 6 pages, to appear in Proc. of 20th Texas Symposium on Relativistic Astrophysics, uses aipproc (included)
Leptusa (Stictopisalia) fibula ASSING 2003
Creators: name: Assing, V.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Staphylinidae
Leptusa
Leptusa fibula

description: Leptusa (Stictopisalia) fibula ASSING 2003 (Map 4)
 M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: Turkey: G i r e s u n: 10 exs., 40 km S Giresun, Şehitler Geçidi, 40°34'N, 38°27'E, 1790 m, spruce forest with Rhododendron, litter sifted, 23.VII.2008, leg. Assing & Schülke (cAss, cSch). O r d u: 19 exs., 75 km S Ordu, 34 km SSE Gölköy, W Mesudiye, 40°25'N, 37°47'E, 1520 m, Fagus forest, moist litter near small stream sifted, 13.VII.2008, leg. Assing & Schülke (cAss, cFel, cSch); 15 exs., road Ünye-Akkuş, 18 km NE Akkuş, 40°56'N, 37°06'E, 920 m, mixed deciduous forest (predominantly Fagus), litter sifted, 15.VII.2008, leg. Assing & Schülke (cAss, cSch); 6 exs., 15 km S Gölköy, Harçbeli Geçidi, 40°35'N, 37°38'E, 1610 m, Fagus forest with Rhododendron, litter and mushrooms sifted, 22.VII.2008, leg. Assing & Schülke (cAss, cSch).
 Map 4: Distribution of the subgenus Stictopisalia SCHEERPELTZ in Turkey: L. merkli BERNHAUER (filled squares), L. ionopolitana PACE (open squares), L. fibula ASSING (filled circles), and L. artviniensis PACE (open circles).
C o m m e n t: The species was originally described based on few specimens from Akkuş in Ordu (ASSING 2003) and later also recorded from Gümüşhane, Giresun, and Trabzon (ASSING 2007) (Map 4). A comparison of the material from different regions revealed that the aedeagus is remarkably variable. In the easternmost populations (Trabzon), the length from the apex of the ventral process to the base is usually 0.45- 0.48 mm, where as in material from Ordu it is 0.38-0.42 mm. However, intermediate conditions are found in populations from Giresun and Gümüşhane, suggesting that the observed differences are an expression of clinal intraspecific variation.
Some of the above specimens are teneral.
description: Published as part of Assing, V., 2009, On the Leptusa species of Turkey. VII. Notes on distribution, a new species, a new synonymy, and additional records (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae), pp. 427-436 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 41 (1) on page 432, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5276173
Connectivity of the coset poset and the subgroup poset of a group
Creators: name: Ramras, Daniel A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20D30 (Primary), 05E25, 06A11, 55P99 (Secondary)

description: We study the connectivity of the coset poset and the subgroup poset of a group, focusing in particular on simple connectivity. The coset poset was recently introduced by K. S. Brown in connection with the probabilistic zeta function of a group. We further Brown's study of the homotopy type of the coset poset, and in particular generalize his results on direct products and classify direct products with simply connected coset posets. The homotopy type of the subgroup poset L(G) has been examined previously by Kratzer, Thevenaz, and Shareshian. We generalize some results of Kratzer and Thevenaz, and determine the fundamental group of L(G) in nearly all cases.
description: 28 pages
Paulianidia marojejy Lecoq 2008, n. sp.
Creators: name: Lecoq, Jean-Claude
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Staphylinidae
Paulianidia
Paulianidia marojejy

description: Paulianidia marojejy n. sp.
(Fig. 2C)
HOLOTYPE. — Madagascar Est, massif du Marojejy (rés. nat. intégr. 12), 1300 m, 2-8.XII.1972, A. Peyrieras, 1 ♂ (MNHN).
DIAGNOSE. — L’espèce n’est connue que par le seul holotype mâle, remarquable par sa taille de 7 mm.
ÉTYMOLOGIE. — Espèce récoltée dans le massif du Marojejy.
DESCRIPTION
Longueur 7 mm. Ailé. Avant-corps et élytres noirs; abdomen, pattes et pièces buccales marron sombre. Espèce d’aspect robuste.
Tête aussi longue (de la base du labre au cou) que large au niveau des yeux; tempes presque deux fois plus longues que les yeux, subrectilignes et convergentes puis arquées jusqu’au cou. Disque très densément et régulièrement ponctué, les points souvent tangents; tégument lisse et brillant entre les points.Tous les articles antennaires nettement plus longs que larges. Le premier un peu plus court que les deux suivants ensemble; le troisième d’un tiers plus long que le deuxième, les 4-6 égaux entre eux et un peu plus courts, les suivants (7-10) un peu plus courts et égaux entre eux, le dernier à peine moitié plus long que le précédent.
Pronotum plus long que large (R = 1,10), visiblement plus étroit que la tête au niveau des yeux. Bords latéraux subparallèles sur une grande partie de leur longueur; angles antérieurs indistincts; les postérieurs obtus, marqués. Ponctuation homogène, analogue à celle de la tête en force et densité, laissant une bande médiane imponctuée, bien apparente, à bords irréguliers. Cette bande est d’aspect mat dû à une microréticulation très serrée du tégument et qui s’étend un peu de part et d’autre dans la région postérieure du disque. Pubescence assez longue dirigée vers le centre.
Élytres rectangulaires, plus longs que larges (R = 1,20), nettement plus larges que le pronotum (R = 1,32). Épaules bien marquées, les bords extérieurs légèrement convergents vers l’apex. Ponctuation du tiers ou du quart antérieur presque aussi forte que celle du pronotum, devenant de moins en moins forte et de plus en plus rugueuse-granuleuse jusqu’à l’apex.
Tergites finement et assez peu densément ponctués. Le tégument finement réticulé en travers.Pubescence bien apparente, couchée vers l’arrière.
Mâle: bordure postérieure du sternite du pygidium avec une large et profonde échancrure en V.
Édéage: les paramères sont aussi longs que le lobe médian et finement effilés à l’extrémité.
Femelle inconnue.
description: Published as part of Lecoq, Jean-Claude, 2008, Révision du genre Paulianidia Jarrige, 1978 de Madagascar (Insecta, Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Paederinae), pp. 579-603 in Zoosystema 30 (3) on page 586, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5390906
Acute and long-term grief reactions and experiences in parentally cancer-bereaved teenagers
Creators: name: Bylund-Grenklo, Tove
name: Birgisdóttir, Dröfn
name: Beenaert, Kim
name: Nyberg, Tommy
name: Skokic, Viktor
name: Kristensson, Jimmie
name: Steineck, Gunnar
name: Fürst, Carl Johan
name: Kreicbergs, Ulrika
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Research
Adolescents
Bereavement
Cancer
Grief
Loss
Mourning
Oncology
Parental death
Teenagers
Unresolved grief
Young adults

description: Funder: Lund University
description: Abstract: Background: Previous research shows that many cancer-bereaved youths report unresolved grief several years after the death of a parent. Grief work hypothesis suggests that, in order to heal, the bereaved needs to process the pain of grief in some way. This study explored acute grief experiences and reactions in the first 6 months post-loss among cancer-bereaved teenagers. We further explored long-term grief resolution and potential predictors of having had “an okay way to grieve” in the first months post-loss. Methods: We used a population-based nationwide, study-specific survey to investigate acute and long-term grief experiences in 622 (73% response rate) bereaved young adults (age > 18) who, 6–9 years earlier, at ages 13–16 years, had lost a parent to cancer. Associations were assessed using bivariable and multivariable logistic regression. Results: Fifty-seven per cent of the participants reported that they did not have a way to grieve that felt okay during the first 6 months after the death of their parent. This was associated with increased risk for long-term unresolved grief (odds ratio (OR): 4.32, 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.99–6.28). An association with long-term unresolved grief was also found for those who reported to have been numbing and postponing (42%, OR: 1.73, 95% CI: 1.22–2.47), overwhelmed by grief (24%, OR: 2.02, 95% CI: 1.35–3.04) and discouraged from grieving (15%, OR: 2.68, 95% CI: 1.62–4.56) or to have concealed their grief to protect the other parent (24%, OR: 1.83, 95% CI: 1.23–2.73). Predictors of having had an okay way to grieve included being male, having had good family cohesion, and having talked about what was important with the dying parent. Conclusion: More than half of the cancer-bereaved teenagers did not find a way to grieve that felt okay during the first 6 months after the death of their parent and the acute grief experiences and reaction were associated with their grief resolution long-term, i.e. 6–9 years post-loss. Facilitating a last conversation with their dying parent, good family cohesion, and providing teenagers with knowledge about common grief experiences may help to prevent long-term unresolved grief.
Fundamental Physical Parameters of Collimated Gamma-Ray Burst Afterglows
Creators: name: Panaitescu, A.
name: Kumar, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We determine the basic physical characteristics of eight Gamma-Ray Bursts -- 980519, 990123, 990510, 991028, 991216, 000301c, 000926 and 010222 -- by modelling the broadband emission of their afterglows. We find that the burst kinetic energies after the GRB phase are well clustered around a mean value of 3E50 ergs. In contrast, the energy release in gamma-rays, after correcting for collimated explosion, varies among bursts by more than an order of magnitude. The jet initial apertures are the 2-14 degree range, mildly correlated with the energy, half of the jets being narrower than ~3 deg. This implies that, within 100 Mpc, there are about 10 GRB remnants (expanding at ~0.1c) which can be resolved with VLBA. For all eight afterglows the total energy in the shock-accelerated electrons is close to equipartition with protons. However the slope of the power-law electron distribution is not universal, varying between 1.4 and 2.8. In at least half of the cases, the density structure of the medium is inconsistent with an r^{-2} profile. A homogeneous medium with density in the 0.1-50 per cc range can accommodate the broadband emission of all afterglows, with the exception of 990123, for which we find the density to be less than 0.01 per cc. If GRBs arise from the core collapse of massive stars, then such low densities indicate the existence of superbubbles created by the supernovae and winds within a cluster of massive stars.
description: 4 pages, color figures. Submitted to ApJL
Electron-positron planar orbits in a constant magnetic field
Creators: name: Leon, M. A. Gonzalez
name: Guilarte, J. Mateos
name: Mayado, M. de la Torre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The different types of orbits in the classical problem of two particles with equal masses and opposite charges on a plane under the influence of a constant orthogonal magnetic field are classified. The equations of the system are reduced to the problem of a Coulomb center plus a harmonic oscillator. The associated bifurcation diagram is fully explained. Using this information the dynamics of the two particles is described.
description: 23 pages, 16 figures
Childhood trauma, life-time self-harm, and suicidal behaviour and ideation are associated with polygenic scores for autism
Creators: name: Warrier, Varun
name: Baron-Cohen, Simon
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: Article
/692/699/476/1373
/631/208
/45/43
article

description: Abstract: Autistic individuals experience significantly elevated rates of childhood trauma, self-harm and suicidal behaviour and ideation (SSBI). Is this purely the result of negative environmental experiences, or does this interact with genetic predisposition? In this study we investigated if a genetic predisposition for autism is associated with childhood trauma using polygenic scores (PGS) and genetic correlations in the UK Biobank (105,222 < N < 105,638), and tested potential mediators and moderators of the association between autism, childhood trauma and SSBI. Autism PGS were significantly associated with childhood trauma (max R2 = 0.096%, P < 2 × 10−16), self-harm ideation (max R2 = 0.108%, P < 2 × 10−16), and self-harm (max R2 = 0.13%, P < 2 × 10−16). Supporting this, we identified significant genetic correlations between autism and childhood trauma (rg = 0.36 ± 0.05, P = 8.13 × 10−11), self-harm ideation (rg = 0.49 ± 0.05, P = 4.17 × 10−21) and self-harm (rg = 0.48 ± 0.05, P = 4.58 × 10−21), and an over-transmission of PGS for the two SSBI phenotypes from parents to autistic probands. Male sex negatively moderated the effect of autism PGS on childhood trauma (β = −0.023 ± 0.005, P = 6.74 × 10−5). Further, childhood trauma positively moderated the effect of autism PGS on self-harm score (β = 8.37 × 10−3 ± 2.76 × 10−3, P = 2.42 × 10−3) and self-harm ideation (β = 7.47 × 10−3 ± 2.76 × 10−3, P = 6.71 × 10−3). Finally, depressive symptoms, quality and frequency of social interactions, and educational attainment were significant mediators of the effect of autism PGS on SSBI, with the proportion of effect mediated ranging from 0.23 (95% CI: 0.09–0.32) for depression to 0.008 (95% CI: 0.004–0.01) for educational attainment. Our findings identify that a genetic predisposition for autism is associated with adverse life-time outcomes, which represent complex gene-environment interactions, and prioritizes potential mediators and moderators of this shared biology. It is important to identify sources of trauma for autistic individuals in order to reduce their occurrence and impact.
Leptusa (Dysleptusa) PACE
Creators: name: Assing, V.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Staphylinidae
Leptusa

description: 3.4 Subgenus Dysleptusa PACE
 C o m m e n t: This subgenus was previously represented in Turkey by only one species, L. fuliginosa (AUBÉ 1850), whose distribution is confined to the north; another species, L. cerrutii COIFFAIT 1970 is endemic to - and quite common in - Cyprus (ASSING & WUNDERLE 2001) (Map 5).
description: Published as part of Assing, V., 2009, On the Leptusa species of Turkey. VII. Notes on distribution, a new species, a new synonymy, and additional records (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae), pp. 427-436 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 41 (1) on page 432, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5276173
Paths towards equilibrium in molecular systems: a mesoscopic Mpemba-like effect in water
Creators: name: Gijón, A.
name: Lasanta, A.
name: Hernández, E. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The so-called Mpemba effect, i.e. the observation that the warmer of two otherwise identical systems cools faster when both are refrigerated in the same thermal reservoir, is a hotly debated topic in condensed mater physics and statistical mechanics. Although it has been found in several non-equilibrium model systems, its very existence in water, the system in which it has been historically reported, is still open to question. Here we show using numerical simulations that a Mpemba effect is indeed present in water. We find that the effect occurs when equipartition of energy is not present in the initial state. Interestingly, the effect is observed without the intervention of a phase transition, and it is therefore seen to be a purely non-equilibrium relaxation effect.
Evaluation of an Aspergillus IgG/IgM lateral flow assay for serodiagnosis of fungal asthma in Uganda
Creators: name: Kwizera, Richard
name: Bongomin, Felix
name: Olum, Ronald
name: Worodria, William
name: Bwanga, Freddie
name: Meya, David B.
name: Kirenga, Bruce J.
name: Gore, Robin
name: Denning, David W.
name: Fowler, Stephen J.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Research Article
Medicine and health sciences
Biology and life sciences
People and places

description: Background: Diagnosis of fungal allergies in asthma remains problematic in low-and middle-income countries due to non-availability of point-of-care testing. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the performance of an Aspergillus immunochromatographic technology (ICT) IgG/M lateral flow device (LFD) for the serological diagnosis of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) and severe asthma with fungal sensitisation (SAFS) among Ugandan adult asthmatics. Methods: 374 adult (aged ≥18years) asthmatics in the African Severe Asthma Program study, Ugandan site constituted the study population. ABPA and SAFS were diagnosed according to standard criteria. Asthmatics who did not meet the above criteria constituted a control group. The LFD tests were performed and read according to manufacturer’s instructions. Results: ABPA was found in 12/374 (3.2%) and SAFS in 60/374 (16%) participants. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) for the Aspergillus ICT for the diagnosis of ABPA were 0.0%, 96.4%, 0.0% and 96.7% respectively, and for SAFS 6.7%, 97.1%, 30.8% and 84.5% respectively. False positive and negative rates were 3.5% and 3.2% for ABPA and 2.4% and 14.9% for SAFS, respectively. Patients with a positive LFD significantly had higher median Aspergillus fumigatus-specific IgE levels compared to those with negative LFD (median: 0.06 kUA/l VS 0.03 kUA/L, P = 0.011). Conclusion: The Aspergillus ICT IgG/M LFD had a poor diagnostic performance for the diagnosis of both ABPA and SAFS. Its greatest value may be in distinguishing chronic and allergic aspergillosis in Africa.
Paulianidia densipennis Jarrige 1978
Creators: name: Lecoq, Jean-Claude
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Staphylinidae
Paulianidia
Paulianidia densipennis

description: Paulianidia densipennis Jarrige, 1978
 Paulianidia densipennis Jarrige, 1978: 269.
HOLOTYPE. — Madagascar Centre, Andringitra centre, plateau Andohariana, 2000-2100 m, 9.XI-10. XII.1970, HFAM1 (mission CNRS, RCP 225), 1 ♀ (MNHN).
DESCRIPTION
Longueur: 5,2 mm.Ailé.Brun noir. Pattes, antennes et pièces buccales brun-rouge.
Tête subcirculaire, aussi longue que large.Yeux non saillants. Tempes largement arrondies, nettement plus longues que les yeux (R = 1,60). Ponctuation nette, les points non confluents, même dans la région frontale. La ponctuation moins dense au centre du disque où les points sont distants d’un demi à un diamètre. Pubescence fine, couchée vers l’avant.Troisième antennomère un peu plus long que le deuxième. Les deux suivants un peu plus longs que larges, les suivants carrés puis progressivement transverses à partir du septième. Le dernier à peine aussi long que les deux précédents ensemble.
Pronotum ovale, à peine plus long que large, aussi large que la tête. Les bords latéraux régulièrement convexes, les angles indistincts.Ponctuation analogue à celle de la tête en force et densité. La bande lisse médiane faiblement élargie devant la base, atteignant presque le bord basal.
Élytres nettement plus longs que larges (R = 1,20) et plus larges que le pronotum (R = 1,30). Sculpture granulo-râpeuse, plus fine et plus dense sur la moitié postérieure.
Tergites densément sculptés mais plus finement que les élytres.Tégument très finement strié.Pubescence fine, couchée, bien apparente.
Mâle inconnu.
description: Published as part of Lecoq, Jean-Claude, 2008, Révision du genre Paulianidia Jarrige, 1978 de Madagascar (Insecta, Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Paederinae), pp. 579-603 in Zoosystema 30 (3) on pages 586-588, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5390906
Early differences in auditory processing relate to Autism Spectrum Disorder traits in infants with Neurofibromatosis Type I
Creators: name: Begum-Ali, Jannath
name: Kolesnik-Taylor, Anna
name: Quiroz, Isabel
name: Mason, Luke
name: Garg, Shruti
name: Green, Jonathan
name: Johnson, Mark H.
name: Jones, Emily J. H.
name: Holman, Rebecca
name: Kalwarowsky, Sarah
name: Pirazzoli, Laura
name: Taylor, Chloë
name: Vassallo, Grace
name: Burkitt-Wright, Emma
name: Eelloo, Judith
name: Evans, D. Gareth
name: West, Siobhan
name: Hupton, Eileen
name: Lewis, Lauren
name: Robinson, Louise
name: Dobbie, Angus
name: Drimer, Ruth
name: Sharif, Saghira Malik
name: Bethell, Helen
name: Jones, Rachel
name: Musson, Susan
name: Prem, Catherine
name: Splitt, Miranda
name: Horridge, Karen
name: Baralle, Diana
name: Redman, Carolyn
name: Tomkins, Helen
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Research
Neurofibromatosis type 1
Auditory processing
Habituation
Change detection
EEG
Autism spectrum disorder

description: Abstract: Background: Sensory modulation difficulties are common in children with conditions such as Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and could contribute to other social and non-social symptoms. Positing a causal role for sensory processing differences requires observing atypical sensory reactivity prior to the emergence of other symptoms, which can be achieved through prospective studies. Methods: In this longitudinal study, we examined auditory repetition suppression and change detection at 5 and 10 months in infants with and without Neurofibromatosis Type 1 (NF1), a condition associated with higher likelihood of developing ASD. Results: In typically developing infants, suppression to vowel repetition and enhanced responses to vowel/pitch change decreased with age over posterior regions, becoming more frontally specific; age-related change was diminished in the NF1 group. Whilst both groups detected changes in vowel and pitch, the NF1 group were largely slower to show a differentiated neural response. Auditory responses did not relate to later language, but were related to later ASD traits. Conclusions: These findings represent the first demonstration of atypical brain responses to sounds in infants with NF1 and suggest they may relate to the likelihood of later ASD.
EPCI: A New Tool for Predicting Absolute Permeability from CT images
Creators: name: Sun, H.
name: Al-Marzouqi, H.
name: Vega, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: A new and fast Matlab algorithm for predicting absolute permeability is presented. The developed tool relies on measuring the connectivity of pores in a given three-dimensional (3D) micro-CT rock image. An index of pore connectivity is introduced. After a calibration step, the developed index is used to estimate permeability in a variety of rocks with challenging pore structures (e.g. complex carbonate formations). The developed algorithm was tested on sandstone and carbonate rock samples. It offers large computational and memory savings when compared with algorithms based on the Lattice Boltzmann Method (LBM). Permeability estimates were, in general, in good agreement with laboratory measurements and numerical simulation results. Source code for computing the developed index along with an associated GUI panel are available online at https://github.com/cupbkust/EPCI.git
Discovery of a Galaxy Cluster via Weak Lensing
Creators: name: Wittman, D.
name: Tyson, J. A.
name: Margoniner, V. E.
name: Cohen, J. G.
name: Dell'Antonio, I. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the discovery of a cluster of galaxies via its weak gravitational lensing effect on background galaxies, the first spectroscopically confirmed cluster to be discovered through its gravitational effects rather than by its electromagnetic radiation. This fundamentally different selection mechanism promises to yield mass-selected, rather than baryon or photon-selected, samples of these important cosmological probes. We have confirmed this cluster with spectroscopic redshifts of fifteen members at z=0.276, with a velocity dispersion of 615 km/s. We use the tangential shear as a function of source photometric redshift to estimate the lens redshift independently and find z_l = 0.30 +- 0.08. The good agreement with the spectroscopy indicates that the redshift evolution of the mass function may be measurable from the imaging data alone in shear-selected surveys.
description: revised version with minor changes, to appear in ApJL
Additional file 1 of Variations in the impact of the new case-based payment reform on medical costs, length of stay, and quality across different hospitals in China: an interrupted time series analysis
Creators: name: Tang, Xue
name: Zhang, Xinyu
name: Chen, Yajing
name: Yan, Jiaqi
name: Qian, Mengcen
name: Ying, Xiaohua
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Sample characteristics of hospitalized insured patients by hospital ownership, 2016-2019. Table S2. Sample characteristics of hospitalized insured patients by hospital level, 2016-2019. Table S3. Interrupted time series (ITS) analyses for total expenditure per case, length of stay, and in-hospital mortality of hospitalized insured patients before and after the DIP reform (considering the relationship between hospital ownership and level). Figure S1. Monthly trends in adjusted discharge cases and relative weight per case of hospitalized insured patients. Notes: A, Monthly trends in adjusted discharge cases. B, Monthly trends in adjusted relative weight per case. The vertical dashed line denotes the implementation of the DIP payment reform on January 1st, 2018. The solid trend line is predicted based on segmented regression of the time series model (before the reform: January 1st, 2016 to December 31st, 2017; after the reform: January 1st, 2018 to December 31st, 2019). All interrupted time series analyses are fitted for a Prais-Winsten model with the Durbin-Waston statistic to adjust for autocorrelation. Discharge cases were adjusted for seasonality, and relative weight per case was adjusted for the number of discharge cases, age, sex, Charlson Comorbidity Index of patients, and seasonality, both with a robust standard error. Figure S2. Monthly trends in adjusted discharge cases and relative weight per case of hospitalized insured patients in different hospitals. Notes: A1, Monthly trends of adjusted discharge cases in different ownerships of hospitals; A2, in different levels of hospitals. B1, Monthly trends in adjusted relative weight per case in different ownerships of hospitals; B2, in different levels of hospitals. The vertical dashed line denotes the implementation of the DIP payment reform on January 1st, 2018. The solid trend line is predicted based on segmented regression of the time series model (before the reform: January 1st, 2016 to December 31st, 2017; after the reform: January 1st, 2018 to December 31st, 2019). All interrupted time series analyses are fitted for a Prais-Winsten model with the Durbin-Waston statistic to adjust for autocorrelation. Discharge cases were adjusted for seasonality, and relative weight per case was adjusted for the number of discharge cases, age, sex, Charlson Comorbidity Index of patients, and seasonality, both with a robust standard error. Table S4. Interrupted time series (ITS) analyses for discharge cases and relative weight per case of hospitalized insured patients before and after the DIP reform.
Selective targeting of non-centrosomal AURKA functions through use of a targeted protein degradation tool
Creators: name: Wang, Richard
name: Ascanelli, Camilla
name: Abdelbaki, Ahmed
name: Fung, Alex
name: Rasmusson, Tim
name: Michaelides, Iacovos
name: Roberts, Karen
name: Lindon, Catherine
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Article
/631/1647
/631/80
/631/92
/631/154
/14
/14/35
/14/1
/13
/13/109
article

description: Funder: AstraZeneca; doi: https://doi.org/10.13039/100004325
description: Abstract: Targeted protein degradation tools are becoming a new therapeutic modality, allowing small molecule ligands to be reformulated as heterobifunctional molecules (PROteolysis Targeting Chimeras, PROTACs) that recruit ubiquitin ligases to targets of interest, leading to ubiquitination and destruction of the targets. Several PROTACs against targets of clinical interest have been described, but detailed descriptions of the cell biology modulated by PROTACs are missing from the literature. Here we describe the functional characterization of a PROTAC derived from AURKA inhibitor MLN8237 (alisertib). We demonstrate efficient and specific destruction of both endogenous and overexpressed AURKA by Cereblon-directed PROTACs. At the subcellular level, we find differential targeting of AURKA on the mitotic spindle compared to centrosomes. The phenotypic consequences of PROTAC treatment are therefore distinct from those mediated by alisertib, and in mitotic cells differentially regulate centrosome- and chromatin- based microtubule spindle assembly pathways. In interphase cells PROTAC-mediated clearance of non-centrosomal AURKA modulates the cytoplasmic role played by AURKA in mitochondrial dynamics, whilst the centrosomal pool is refractory to PROTAC-mediated clearance. Our results point to differential sensitivity of subcellular pools of substrate, governed by substrate conformation or localization-dependent accessibility to PROTAC action, a phenomenon not previously described for this new class of degrader compounds.
Leptusa taurica ASSING 2004
Creators: name: Assing, V.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Staphylinidae
Leptusa
Leptusa taurica

description: Leptusa taurica ASSING 2004
M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d Turkey: K a h r a m a n m a r a ş: 6 exs., Başkonuş Yaylası, 37°34'N, 36°34'E, 1250 m, 24.IV.2007, leg. Brachat & Meybohm (cAss).
C o m m e n t: The above material was collected near the type locality.
description: Published as part of Assing, V., 2009, On the Leptusa species of Turkey. VII. Notes on distribution, a new species, a new synonymy, and additional records (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae), pp. 427-436 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 41 (1) on page 435, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5276173
Developmental programming of offspring adipose tissue biology and obesity risk
Creators: name: Rodgers, Amanda
name: Sferruzzi-Perri, Amanda N.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Review Article
/631/443/319/1642/393
/631/443/319/2723
review-article

description: Abstract: Obesity is reaching epidemic proportions and imposes major negative health crises and an economic burden in both high and low income countries. The multifaceted nature of obesity represents a major health challenge, with obesity affecting a variety of different organs and increases the risk of many other noncommunicable diseases, such as type 2 diabetes, fatty liver disease, dementia, cardiovascular diseases, and even cancer. The defining organ of obesity is the adipose tissue, highlighting the need to more comprehensively understand the development and biology of this tissue to understand the pathogenesis of obesity. Adipose tissue is a miscellaneous and highly plastic endocrine organ. It comes in many different sizes and shades and is distributed throughout many different locations in the body. Though its development begins prenatally, quite uniquely, it has the capacity for unlimited growth throughout adulthood. Adipose tissue is also a highly sexually dimorphic tissue, patterning men and women in different ways, which means the risks associated with obesity are also sexually dimorphic. Recent studies show that environmental factors during prenatal and early stages of postnatal development have the capacity to programme the structure and function of adipose tissue, with implications for the development of obesity. This review summarizes the evidence for a role for early environmental factors, such as maternal malnutrition, hypoxia, and exposure to excess hormones and endocrine disruptors during gestation in the programming of adipose tissue and obesity in the offspring. We will also discuss the complexity of studying adipose tissue biology and the importance of appreciating nuances in adipose tissue, such as sexual dimorphism and divergent responses to metabolic and endocrine stimuli. Given the rising levels of obesity worldwide, understanding how environmental conditions in early life affects adipose tissue phenotype and the subsequent development of obesity is of absolute importance.
Detection of a Large Arc of Ionized Hydrogen Far Above the Cas OB6 Association: A Superbubble Blowout into the Galactic Halo?
Creators: name: Reynolds, R. J.
name: Sterling, N. C.
name: Haffner, L. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Wisconsin H-Alpha Mapper (WHAM) Northern Sky Survey has revealed a loop of H II reaching 1300 pc from the Galactic midplane above the Cas OB6 association in the Perseus sprial arm. This enormous feature surrounds and extends far above the "W4 Chimney" identified by Normandeau et al. and appears to be associated with the star formation activity near the W3/W4/W5 H II region complex. The existence of this ionized structure suggests that past episodes of massive star formation have cleared the H I from an enormous volume above the Perseus arm, allowing Lyman continuum photons from O stars near the Galactic midplane to reach into the halo.
description: 12 pages, 2 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ (Letters)
Paulianidia minima Lecoq 2008, n. sp.
Creators: name: Lecoq, Jean-Claude
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Staphylinidae
Paulianidia
Paulianidia minima

description: Paulianidia minima n. sp.
HOLOTYPE. — Madagascar, Sambirano, 16-21.IX.1987, P. et H. Schüle, 1 ♀ (MNHN).
 ÉTYMOLOGIE. — De l’adjectif latin minimus, - a, - um (très petit). Cette espèce est l’une des plus petites du genre.
DESCRIPTION
Longueur: 4 mm. Ailé.Tête et élytres brun-sombre, pronotum et abdomen brun rougeâtre. Pattes, antennes et pièces buccales brun clair.
Tête à peine plus longue que large de la base du labre au cou; tempes plus longues que les yeux (R = 1,66) régulièrement arquées jusqu’au cou. Ponctuation plus forte et dense dans les deux dépressions interoculaires, les points séparés de moins d’un demi-diamètre; les parties latérales et postérieures couvertes d’une ponctuation aussi forte mais bien moins dense: les points séparés d’au moins un diamètre. Au centre du disque les points sont plus espacés et laissent une petite surface imponctuée. Tégument lisse et brillant. Les articles antennaires progressivement plus courts du 3 au 10, ce dernier subcarré.
Pronotum aussi long que large, aussi large que la tête au niveau des yeux. Les bords latéraux régulièrement arqués. Les angles antérieurs inexistants, les postérieurs à peine indiqués. La ponctuation un peu moins grosse que celle de la tête mais plus superficielle et plus espacée. La bande médiane imponctuée large et atteignant le bord antérieur. Tégument lisse et brillant entre les points.
Élytres plus longs que larges (R = 1,10), nettement plus larges que le pronotum (R = 1,20); les angles antérieurs bien marqués. La ponctuation régulière, analogue à celle du pronotum, les points séparés d’un à deux diamètres.
Abdomen à ponctuation fine et espacée, plus forte dans la dépression basale des segments. Tégument lisse et brillant.Tout au plus voit-on par endroits de minuscules rides sur le tergite du pygidium.
Mâle inconnu.
description: Published as part of Lecoq, Jean-Claude, 2008, Révision du genre Paulianidia Jarrige, 1978 de Madagascar (Insecta, Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Paederinae), pp. 579-603 in Zoosystema 30 (3) on page 590, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5390906
Inversion of Multi-frequency Data with the Cross-Correlated Contrast Source Inversion Method
Creators: name: Sun, Shilong
name: Kooij, Bert Jan
name: Yarovoy, Alexander G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Cross-correlated contrast source inversion (CC-CSI) is a non-linear iterative inversion method that is proposed recently for solving the inverse scattering problems. In CC-CSI, a cross-correlated error is constructed and introduced to the cost functional, which improves the inversion ability when compared to the classical design of the cost functional by exploiting the mismatch between the data error and state error. In this paper, the multi-frequency inversion for electromagnetic waves is considered and a multi-frequency version of CC-CSI is proposed. Numerical and experimental inversion results of both transverse magnetic (TM) and transverse electric (TE) polarization demonstrate that, when multi-frequency data are available, CC-CSI still outperforms the multiplicative-regularized CSI method (MR-CSI) in the inversion of more complicated scatterers.