cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Interpreting a Recurrent Neural Network's Predictions of ICU Mortality Risk
Creators: name: Ho, Long V.
name: Aczon, Melissa D.
name: Ledbetter, David
name: Wetzel, Randall
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Deep learning has demonstrated success in many applications; however, their use in healthcare has been limited due to the lack of transparency into how they generate predictions. Algorithms such as Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) when applied to Electronic Medical Records (EMR) introduce additional barriers to transparency because of the sequential processing of the RNN and the multi-modal nature of EMR data. This work seeks to improve transparency by: 1) introducing Learned Binary Masks (LBM) as a method for identifying which EMR variables contributed to an RNN model's risk of mortality (ROM) predictions for critically ill children; and 2) applying KernelSHAP for the same purpose. Given an individual patient, LBM and KernelSHAP both generate an attribution matrix that shows the contribution of each input feature to the RNN's sequence of predictions for that patient. Attribution matrices can be aggregated in many ways to facilitate different levels of analysis of the RNN model and its predictions. Presented are three methods of aggregations and analyses: 1) over volatile time periods within individual patient predictions, 2) over populations of ICU patients sharing specific diagnoses, and 3) across the general population of critically ill children.
Higher Education Demand in China: Ministry Response, Foreign Universities, and Global Competence
Creators: Gao, Junjian
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Education, Higher
Universities and colleges
Education--Parent participation

description: This study examined Chinese university students enrolled in a Sino-United States university and how they perceived learning processes, academic value, and cultural awareness at two distinct campuses. Comparing and contrasting student experiences at a foreign satellite campus in China (Wenzhou-Kean University) with the experiences of those same students at an American host campus (Kean University), I examined academic and cultural learning as well as the achievement of “global competence.” Through the prism of student learning, the nature and quality of student experiences at the two campuses informed my perceptions of the students’ understanding of culture and context. Moreover, I attempted to gain a greater understanding of the role of Chinese parents in the university decision-making process. This study was framed by human capital theory (Schultz,1961; Tan, 2014), situated cognition theory (Brown, Collins, & Duguid, 1989), and experiential learning theory (Rogers, 1969). As the study investigated both Chinese students’ experiences and parental involvement within the university decision-making process, I deemed a mixed-methods design most appropriate. Data were collected by surveying 313 targeted persons, yielding 86 valid response surveys and 16 individual interviews. The results were instructive. At both campuses, a university infrastructure existed to maximize the cognitive and academic benefits of joining American and Chinese student cohorts, the goal of English language proficiency, and an awareness of global competence. However, while the Chinese satellite campus may have required a more rigorous academic curriculum, the American Kean campus provided high-quality meaningful learning opportunities to Chinese students. Indeed, while only a small percentage of the Chinese students were able to obtain long-term competency-based professional opportunities, those students who were able to build local connections premised on global competence were the most successful. The study highlighted the necessity of global competence as an explicit function of the academic experience, the need for domestic and international students to participate in the formal and informal ways in which the cultural context of language is learned, and the desire of Chinese parents to have a university education that is competitive in the global marketplace.
Bi-differential calculus and the KdV equation
Creators: name: Dimakis, Aristophanes
name: Muller-Hoissen, Folkert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A gauged bi-differential calculus over an associative (and not necessarily commutative) algebra A is an N-graded left A-module with two covariant derivatives acting on it which, as a consequence of certain (e.g., nonlinear differential) equations, are flat and anticommute. As a consequence, there is an iterative construction of generalized conserved currents. We associate a gauged bi-differential calculus with the Korteweg-de-Vries equation and use it to compute conserved densities of this equation.
description: 9 pages, LaTeX, uses amssymb.sty, XXXI Symposium on Mathematical Physics, Torun, May 1999, replaces "A notion of complete integrability in noncommutative geometry and the Korteweg-de-Vries equation"
Like-for-like bibliometric substitutes for peer review: advantages and limits of indicators calculated from the ep index
Creators: name: Navarro, Alonso Rodriguez
name: Brito, Ricardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The use of bibliometric indicators would simplify research assessments. The 2014 Research Excellence Framework (REF) is a peer review assessment of UK universities, whose results can be taken as benchmarks for bibliometric indicators. In this study we use the REF results to investigate whether the ep index and a top percentile of most cited papers could substitute for peer review. The probability that a random university's paper reaches a certain top percentile in the global distribution of papers is a power of the ep index, which can be calculated from the citation-based distribution of university's papers in global top percentiles. Making use of the ep index in each university and research area, we calculated the ratios between the percentage of 4-star-rated outputs in REF and the percentages of papers in global top percentiles. Then, we fixed the assessment percentile so that the mean ratio between these two indicators across universities is 1.0. This method was applied to four units of assessment in REF: Chemistry, Economics & Econometrics joined to Business & Management Studies, and Physics. Some relevant deviations from the 1.0 ratio could be explained by the evaluation procedure in REF or by the characteristics of the research field; other deviations need specific studies by experts in the research area. The present results indicate that in many research areas the substitution of a top percentile indicator for peer review is possible. However, this substitution cannot be made straightforwardly; more research is needed to establish the conditions of the bibliometric assessment.
description: 38 pages, 7 tables and 2 figures in one single PDF file
The Historical Traditions of the Australian Senate: the Upper House we Had to Have.
Creators: name: Marchant, Sylvia
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2009
Subjects: Senate, Upper House, democracy, Federal Conventions

description: This thesis examines the raison d’etre of the Australian Senate, the upper house of the Australian bicameral parliament, established in 1901. It explores the literature that might have influenced its establishment and structure, and the attitudes, ideals, experience and expectations of the men (and they were all men) who initiated its existence and designed its structure during the Federation Conventions of the 1890s. It goes on to study whether similar western and British influenced institutions were seen as models by the designers of the Senate, followed by an examination of its architecture, decor, and procedures, to determine the major influences at work on these aspects of the institution. The study was undertaken in view of the paucity of studies of the history and role of the Senate in relation to its powerful influence on the Government of Australia. Its structure can allow a minority of Senators to subvert or obstruct key measures passed by the lower house and is a serious issue for Governments in considering legislation. Answers are sought to the questions of how and why it was conceived and created and what role it was expected to play. The study does not extend beyond 1901 when the Senate was established except to examine the Provisional Parliament House, opened in 1927, which realised the vision of the Convention delegates who determined that the Senate was the house we had to have. …
The Selfish Higgs
Creators: name: Giudice, G. F.
name: Kehagias, A.
name: Riotto, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a mechanism to solve the Higgs naturalness problem through a cosmological selection process. The discharging of excited field configurations through membrane nucleation leads to discrete jumps of the cosmological constant and the Higgs mass, which vary in a correlated way. The resulting multitude of universes are all empty, except for those in which the cosmological constant and the Higgs mass are both nearly vanishing. Only under these critical conditions can inflation be activated and create a non-empty universe.
description: 17 pages, 1 figure (one reference added in revised version)
Ising Graphical Model
Creators: name: Kamenetsky, Dmitry
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2010
Subjects: Ising model, graphical models, computer vision, machine learning, image segmentation, computer go

description: The Ising model is an important model in statistical physics, with over 10,000 papers published on the topic. This model assumes binary variables and only local pairwise interactions between neighbouring nodes. Inference for the general Ising model is NP-hard; this includes tasks such as calculating the partition function, finding a lowest-energy (ground) state and computing marginal probabilities. Past approaches have proceeded by working with classes of tractable Ising models, such as Ising models defined on a planar graph. For such models, the partition function and ground state can be computed exactly in polynomial time by establishing a correspondence with perfect matchings in a related graph. In this thesis we continue this line of research. In particular we simplify previous inference algorithms for the planar Ising model. The key to our construction is the complementary correspondence between graph cuts of the model graph and perfect matchings of its expanded dual. We show that our exact algorithms are effective and efficient on a number of real-world machine learning problems. We also investigate heuristic methods for approximating ground states of non-planar Ising models. We show that in this setting our approximative algorithms are superior than current state-of-the-art methods.
Equivariant Bloch-Kato conjecture and non-abelian Iwasawa Main Conjecture
Creators: name: Huber, Annette
name: Kings, Guido
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11G40, 11R23, 19B28

description: This is a contribution to the ICM 2002. We explain the relation between the (equivariant) Bloch-Kato conjecture for special values of L-functions and the Main Conjecture of (non-abelian) Iwasawa theory. On the way we will discuss briefly the case of Dirichlet characters in the abelian case. We will also discuss how "twisting" in the non-abelian case would allow to reduce the general conjecture to the case of number fields. This is one the main motivations for a non-abelian Main Conjecture.
description: 13 pages
D4.1 Platform integration
Creators: name: Kensby
name: Peacock
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: district heating
district energy
digital platform

description: The report summarizes Deliverable 4.1 which required:
 1. Utilifeed to gather demand side meter-data from energy companies participating in the Flexi-sync project.
 2. Clean the received data and validate that it is correct. Physically impossible or malformed data is removed in this process.
 3. Upload the data to the Utilifeed platform where it will be accessible by services and persons authorized to access it.
Timing and Frequency Synchronization in Practical OFDM Systems
Creators: name: Ruan, Matt (Ming)
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2008
Subjects: wireless, timing estimation, frequency estimation, modem synchronization, OFDM, CFO, orthogonal frequency division multiplexing, joint channel estimation and data detection

description: Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) has been adopted by many broadband wireless communication systems for the simplicity of the receiver technique to support high data rates and user mobility. However, studies also show that the advantage of OFDM over the single-carrier modulation schemes could be substantially compromised by timing or frequency estimation errors at the receiver. In this thesis we investigate the synchronization problem for practical OFDM systems using a system model generalized from the IEEE 802.11 and IEEE 802.16 standards. For preamble based synchronization schemes, which are most common in the downlink of wireless communication systems, we propose a novel timing acquisition algorithm which minimizes false alarm probability and indirectly improves correct detection probability. We then introduce a universal fractional carrier frequency offset (CFO) estimator that outperforms conventional methods at low signal to noise ratio with lower complexity. More accurate timing and frequency estimates can be obtained by our proposed frequency-domain algorithms incorporating channel knowledge. We derive four joint frequency, timing, and channel estimators with different approximations, and then propose a hybrid integer CFO estimation scheme to provide flexible performance and complexity tradeoffs. When the exact channel delay profile is unknown at the receiver, we present a successive timing estimation algorithm to solve the timing ambiguity. Both analytical and simulation results are presented to confirm the performance of the proposed methods in various realistic channel conditions. ...
ProtoGANist: Protocol Reverse Engineering using Generative Adversarial Networks
Creators: name: Zarate, Carolina
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Many reported vulnerabilities are related to the way that a system accepts, processes, and interprets protocol packets and the information contained therein. Adversaries
can trigger these vulnerabilities by sending specially crafted packets to the system. Typical solutions to this problem include generating packets in accordance with the protocol format, sending them to the system, and observing the resulting behavior on the system. However, these solutions fall apart when dealing with a black box system and black box protocols, because it is unclear how to generate
realistic protocol packets. We present ProtoGANist, a system to model unknown protocol message formats and produce messages similar to the underlying format
using generative machine learning models. Given sample messages from a black-box protocol and a black-box system that uses the protocol, our goal is to learn to produce randomized protocol-compliant messages. The difficulty of this task lies in the complexity of the protocol message format. Message fields' values, lengths, and overall
structure may be defi ned by complex functions that depend on other fields. These dependencies are difficult for existing tools to capture, primarily because they may be a result of several operations performed on the value or length of many fields, such as in checksums. Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) have been shown to have the ability to learn to generate samples that are similar to the data given to them. GANs traditionally have been used in image processing to create generative models of images. We leverage this capability in a novel way for the purposes of learning the message format of an unknown protocol. Ground-truth sample messages of the unknown protocol are provided to the GAN system. We show that ProtoGANist is
able to identify and learn about complex message format features. We demonstrate that this feature of ProtoGANist is able to outperform other state-of the-art tools in this manner with a separate testing system. This testing system is able to produce protocols with different characteristics to test the complexities that may exist in protocol message formats.
Fluid Models for Kinetic Effects on Coherent Nonlinear Alfven Waves. I. Fundamental Theory
Creators: name: Medvedev, M. V.
name: Diamond, P. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Collisionless regime kinetic models for coherent nonlinear Alfven wave dynamics are studied using fluid moment equations with an approximate closure anzatz. Resonant particle effects are modelled by incorporating an additional term representing dissipation akin to parallel heat conduction. Unlike collisional dissipation, parallel heat conduction is presented by an integral operator. The modified derivative nonlinear Schrodinger equation thus has a spatially nonlocal nonlinear term describing the long-time evolution of the envelope of parallel-propagating Alfven waves, as well. Coefficients in the nonlinear terms are free of the 1/(1-beta) singularity usually encountered in previous analyses, and have very a simple form which clarifies the physical processes governing the large amplitude Alfvenic nonlinear dynamics. The nonlinearity appears via coupling of an Alfvenic mode to a kinetic ion-acoustic mode. Damping of the nonlinear Alfven wave appears via strong Landau damping of the ion-acoustic wave when the electron-to-ion temperature ratio is close to unity. For a (slightly) obliquely propagating wave, there are finite Larmor radius corrections in the dynamical equation. This effect depends on the angle of wave propagation relative to B_0 and vanishes for the limit of strictly parallel propagation. Explicit magnetic perturbation envelope equations amenable to further analysis and numerical solution are obtained. Implications of these models for collisionless shock dynamics are discussed.
description: 34 pages (including 6 figures)
Novel Excitation of local fractional dynamics
Creators: name: Datta, Dhurjati Prasad
name: Sarkar, Soma
name: Raut, Santanu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: General Mathematics (math.GM)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 26A30, 26A33, 26E30, 28A80, 35L05

description: The question of a possible excitation and emergence of fractional type dynamics, as a more realistic framework for understanding emergence of complex systems, directly from a conventional integral order dynamics, in the form a continuous transition or deformation, is of significant interest. Although there have been a lot of activities in nonlinear, fractional or not, dynamical systems, the above question appears yet to be addressed systematically in the current literature. The present work may be considered to be a step forward in this direction. Based on a novel concept of asymptotic duality structure, we present here an extended analytical framework that would provide a scenario for realizing the above stated continuous deformation of integral order dynamics to a local fractional order dynamics on a fractal and fractional space. The related concepts of self dual and strictly dual asymptotics are introduced and there relevance in connection with smooth and nonsmooth deformation of the real line are pointed out. The relationship of the duality structure and renormalization group is examined. The ordinary derivation operator is shown to be invariant under this duality enabled renormalization group transformation, leading thereby to a {\em natural} realization of local fractional type derivative in a fractal space. As an application we discuss linear wave equation in one and two dimensions and show how the underlying integral order wave equation could be deformed and renormalized suitably to yield meaningful results for vibration of a fractal string or wave propagation in a region with fractal boundary.
description: 26 pages
Modelling Groundwater-River Interactions for Assessing Water Allocation Options
Creators: name: Ivkovic, Karen Marie-Jeanne
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2006
Subjects: groundwater-river interactions, water allocation, hydrological model, baseflow, extraction impacts, top-down

description: The interconnections between groundwater and river systems remain poorly understood in many catchments throughout the world, and yet they are fundamental to effectively managing water resources. Groundwater extraction from aquifers that are connected to river systems will reduce river flows, and this has implications for riverine ecosystem health, water security, aesthetic and cultural values, as well as water allocation and water management policies more generally. The decline in river flows as a consequence of groundwater extractions has the potential to threaten river basin industries and communities reliant on water resources. ¶ In this thesis the connectivity between groundwater and river systems and the impact that groundwater extractions have on river flows were studied in one of Australia’s most developed irrigation areas, the Namoi River catchment in New South Wales. ¶ Gauged river reaches in the Namoi River catchment were characterised according to three levels of information: 1) presence of hydraulic connection between aquifer-river systems; 2) dominant direction of aquifer-river flux; and 3) the potential for groundwater extraction to impact on river flows. The methods used to characterise the river reaches included the following analyses: 1) a comparison of groundwater and river channel base elevations using a GIS/Database; 2) stream hydrographs and the application of a baseflow separation filter; 3) flow duration curves and the percentage of time a river flows; 4) vertical aquifer connectivity from nested piezometer sites; and 5) paired stream and groundwater hydrographs.
Optimization results for the higher eigenvalues of the $p$-Laplacian associated with sign-changing capacitary measures
Creators: name: Degiovanni, Marco
name: Mazzoleni, Dario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper we prove the existence of an optimal set for the minimization of the $k$-th variational eigenvalue of the $p$-Laplacian among $p$-quasi open sets of fixed measure included in a box of finite measure. An analogous existence result is obtained for eigenvalues of the $p$-Laplacian associated with Schrödinger potentials. In order to deal with these nonlinear shape optimization problems, we develop a general approach which allows to treat the continuous dependence of the eigenvalues of the $p$-Laplacian associated with sign-changing capacitary measures under $γ$-convergence.
description: This is an extended version of the published paper (on J. London Math. Soc.). In particular, the reader can find an extended Section 2 of preliminaries and the detailed proofs of Theorem 3.1, Proposition 5.9 and Corollary 5.26, which have been omitted or shortened in the published version. The numbering of Sections, Theorems, Lemmas, etc is unchanged
Theatre of the times of Socrates, Lunin and Nero : Time and space in Edvard Radzinskii’s trilogy ‘Theatre of the Times …’
Creators: name: Jaireth, Subhash
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 1996
Subjects: theatre, forms of time, time-space, Edvard Radzinskii, “Theatre of the Times”, Mikhail Bakhtin, chronotope, literary narratives, dialogism, novelisation, socialist-realism

description: This thesis attempts to unravel the nature of time in the trilogy and invokes Mikhail Bakhtin’s notion about the forms of time and the chronotope in literary narratives to do that. Bakhtinian concept of the chronotope provides a suitable strategy for reading a trilogy that aims to re-present ‘real’ time, place and human beings. The concept also provides a vantage point from where the trilogy can be read both from within the time-space of its main protagonists and from that of its author, readers, performers and spectators.
Quantum and classical stochastic dynamics: Exactly solvable models by supersymmetric methods
Creators: name: Junker, Georg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A supersymmetric method for the construction of so-called conditionally exactly solvable quantum systems is reviewed and extended to classical stochastic dynamical systems characterized by a Fokker-Planck equation with drift. A class of drift-potentials on the real line as well as on the half line is constructed for which the associated Fokker-Planck equation can be solved exactly. Explicit drift potentials, which describe mono-, bi-, meta-or unstable systems, are constructed and their decay rates and modes are given in closed form.
description: 10 pages, 1 figure, LaTeX209, uses amsfonts and epsf, to appear in the proceedings of "III. International Workshop on Classical and Quantum Integrable Systems,Yerevan, Armenia, June 29 - July 04, 1998
The requirement for a sustainable restoration project
Creators: name: Thorpe, Mark B.
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Land disturbed by mining should be restored to its original state when the mine is decommissioned. Before this can be accomplished, the problems associated with the site, such as toxicity, moisture supply and texture, must be overcome. The biological processes in the disturbed land are drastically disrupted and must be rehabilitated to establish the fundamental building blocks of the ecosystem. The land may need to pass through several "conditioning" stages before the appropriate conditions are present to allow the desired species to become established. Links nee to be formed to maintain a functioning ecosystem. One of the key aspects to rehabilitation is to increase the organic matter content of the substrate. This improves soil structure, increases the moisture holding ability and provides a pool for nutrient cycling. Mine wastes often have little or no organic matter and methods overcome this problem must be applied before nutrients for the desired ecosystem can be supplied, primarily, from within that system.
Nuclear spin assisted quantum tunnelling of magnetic monopoles in spin ice
Creators: name: Paulsen, C.
name: Giblin, S. R.
name: Lhotel, E.
name: Prabhakaran, D.
name: Matsuhira, K.
name: Balakrishnan, G.
name: Bramwell, S. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Extensive work on single molecule magnets has identified a fundamental mode of relaxation arising from the nuclear-spin assisted quantum tunnelling of nearly independent and quasi-classical magnetic dipoles. Here we show that nuclear-spin assisted quantum tunnelling can also control the dynamics of purely emergent excitations: magnetic monopoles in spin ice. Our low temperature experiments were conducted on canonical spin ice materials with a broad range of nuclear spin values. By measuring the magnetic relaxation, or monopole current, we demonstrate strong evidence that dynamical coupling with the hyperfine fields bring the electronic spins associated with magnetic monopoles to resonance, allowing the monopoles to hop and transport magnetic charge. Our result shows how the coupling of electronic spins with nuclear spins may be used to control the monopole current. It broadens the relevance of the assisted quantum tunnelling mechanism from single molecular spins to emergent excitations in a strongly correlated system.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures + supp. information. Accepted in Nature Communications
Coded Computing Systems Decoded: Dealing with Unreliability and Elasticity in Modern Computing
Creators: name: Yaoqing Yang
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 90699 Electrical and Electronic Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Robustness is a fundamental and timeless issue, and it remains vital to all aspects of computation systems, regardless of specific computation platforms, architectures, and algorithm design. The issue is also timely: modern computing systems are increasingly built on unreliable substrates. This thesis designs reliable computing techniques for distributed systems, circuits and networks.
We primarily study techniques inspired from coding theory to address the robustness issues such as system elasticity, stragglers (slow workers), machine failures and soft errors, by carefully weaving redundancy into the data and
the design of the algorithm. We primarily focus on three aspects of coding-based computation techniques.
The first aspect is to design adaptive computing techniques in largescale systems that are elastic, i.e., the number of machines can change with time. The second is to make the coding-based computation schemes cater to the specific needs of iterative and multi-stage algorithms, such as power iterations and gradient descent that are essential for today’s data analytics. The third aspect is to study the fundamental limits of information propagation in computation networks, provide information-theoretic outer bounds on error
accumulation, and design in-network computing schemes to compensate for this error accumulation, e.g., in a circuit network where each computation
component can be unreliable. This thesis presents theoretical results that are fundamental to the understanding
of computation systems, and opportunities for radical improvements, e.g. in computation load, communication overhead, and storage cost. We also present real-system implementations and real-data experiments and show our progress on taking these theoretical results closer to practice. The academic results presented in this thesis advance on classical results in the historical field of reliable distributed computing, while simultaneously addressing timely issues arising in today’s computing systems.
Hiking the Horizontal: Team Learning Behaviors and Team Innovative Work Behavior in Cross-boundary Public Sector Work Teams
Creators: Pelzer, Nicholas L.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Adult education
Team learning approach in education
Teams in the workplace
Public administration

description: Organizations need to develop innovations to meet emerging problems and challenges due to increasing global competition, customer expectations, or market changes. Responding to these challenges requires employees to create solutions within their organizations, such as new products or processes. While some research has found crucial roles of individual faculty in the innovation process, less is known about how individual educators (i.e., university faculty and clinical practitioners) work across knowledge and organizational boundaries.The purpose of this case study on team innovative work behavior (TIWB) in higher education was to learn more about which team learning behaviors (TLBs) and team innovative work behaviors (TIWBs) were exhibited by a university-based cross-boundary work team to understand how these complex organizations can leverage learning toward practice improvement. The purposefully selected sample was composed of an 11 member California-based work team consisting of 5 faculty members from a redesigning public university, 4 senior administrators from partnering public school districts, and 2 faculty members from a partnering mentor program. The primary data collection method was in depth critical incident (CI) interviews. Supportive methods included a pre-interview questionnaire, field observations, document and artifact review, and a group interview. The data were coded and analyzed first by research question, and then findings were organized thematically in alignment with three analytic categories based on the study’s conceptual framework. The research revealed that the team exhibited several TLBs and one TIWB throughout the redesign process. The team’s capacity for learning and innovating was strongly influenced by the organizational conditions that brought the team together as well as the team’s leadership and facilitation. While few of the team members were able to articulate their own learning and practice changes explicitly, they did reflect on their learning in the context of task completion and goal achievement. Recommendations are offered for university and district practitioners, and for further research, including: (1) identifying a team leader with both positional and reputational authority, (2) selecting a team based on existing relationships and shared commitment to change, (3) using evidence to challenge existing assumptions, and (4) aligning activities to organizational and environmental forces.
Periodic Orbit Theory of the circular billiard in homogeneous magnetic fields
Creators: name: Blaschke, J.
name: Brack, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a semiclassical description of the level density of a two-dimensional circular quantum dot in a homogeneous magnetic field. We model the total potential (including electron-electron interaction) of the dot containing many electrons by a circular billiard, i.e., a hard-wall potential. Using the extended approach of the Gutzwiller theory developed by Creagh and Littlejohn, we derive an analytic semiclassical trace formula. For its numerical evaluation we use a generalization of the common Gaussian smoothing technique. In strong fields orbit bifurcations, boundary effects (grazing orbits) and diffractive effects (creeping orbits) come into play, and the comparison with the exact quantum mechanical result shows major deviations. We show that the dominant corrections stem from grazing orbits, the other effects being much less important. We implement the boundary effects, replacing the Maslov index by a quantum-mechanical reflection phase, and obtain a good agreement between the semiclassical and the quantum result for all field strengths. With this description, we are able to explain the main features of the gross-shell structure in terms of just one or two classical periodic orbits.
description: 18 pages, 18 figures, published in Phys. Rev. A. Version 2 corrects errors in Sect. 5.4 and Appendix B1 of the printed paper. These errors are subject of an errata to be published. Version 3 corrects misprints
Proposed importance of HOCO chemistry: Inefficient formation of CO$_2$ from CO and OH reactions on ice dust
Creators: name: Ishibashi, Atsuki
name: Molpeceres, Germán
name: Hidaka, Hiroshi
name: Oba, Yasuhiro
name: Lamberts, Thanja
name: Watanabe, Naoki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With the advent of JWST ice observations, dedicated studies on the formation reactions of detected molecules are becoming increasingly important. One of the most interesting molecules in interstellar ice is CO$_2$. Despite its simplicity, the main formation reaction considered, CO + OH -> CO$_2$ + H through the energetic HOCO* intermediate on ice dust, is subject to uncertainty because it directly competes with the stabilization of HOCO as a final product which is formed through energy dissipation of HOCO* to the water ice. When energy dissipation to the surface is effective during reaction, HOCO can be a dominant product. In this study, we experimentally demonstrate that the major product of the reaction is indeed not CO$_2$, but rather the highly reactive radical HOCO. The HOCO radical can later evolve into CO$_2$ through H-abstraction reactions, but these reactions compete with addition reactions, leading to the formation of carboxylic acids (R-COOH). Our results highlight the importance of HOCO chemistry and encourage further exploration of the chemistry of this radical.
description: Accepted in ApJ; 23 pages, 9 figures
Cucullanus (Cucullanus) pseudoplatystomae Moravec, Kohn et Fernandes 1993
Creators: name: González-Solís, David
name: Mariaux, Jean
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Nematoda
Secernentea
Ascaridida
Cucullanidae
Cucullanus
Cucullanus pseudoplatystomae

description: Cucullanus (Cucullanus) pseudoplatystomae Moravec, Kohn et Fernandes, 1993
SPECIMENS: MHNG INVE 73309, 73350, 73360.
 HOST: Pseudoplatystomacorruscans (Spix & Agassiz, 1829) (EO 12/05/87, PL 09/06/87, AY 14/08/87).
REMARKS: New geographical record.
description: Published as part of González-Solís, David & Mariaux, Jean, 2011, An annotated list of the parasitic nematodes (Nematoda) of freshwater fishes from Paraguay deposited in the Museum of Natural History of Geneva, pp. 467-484 in Revue suisse de Zoologie 118 (3) on page 473, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.6311988
Singular measures and convolution operators
Creators: name: Aldaz, J. M.
name: Varona, Juan L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 42A85

description: We show that in the study of certain convolution operators, functions can be replaced by measures without changing the size of the constants appearing in weak type (1,1) inequalities. As an application, we prove that the best constants for the centered Hardy-Littlewood maximal operator associated to parallelotopes do not decrease with the dimension.
description: 8 pages
Higher Volatility with Lower Credit Spreads: The Puzzle and Its Solution
Creators: Semenov, Aleksey
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Finance
Business
Stock exchanges
Corporate bonds

description: This dissertation explains the puzzling negative relationship between changes in stock volatility and credit spreads of corporate bonds. This relationship has been encountered in some empirical studies but has remained unexplained in the theoretical literature, which unanimously suggests the opposite relationship. This dissertation shows that this negative relationship can be produced by the dynamic endogenous asset composition of borrowing firms. On the one hand, higher asset volatility corresponds to lower future volatility of the firm's investments and lower credit spreads if the firm can reallocate resources optimally. On the other hand, short-term stock volatility corresponds to the current allocation of resources and thus increases with asset volatility. The combination of these two effects produces the negative relationship between changes in stock volatility and credit spreads.
          The empirical part of the dissertation shows that the relationship between changes in stock market volatility and credit spreads of long-term, high-quality corporate bonds (controlling for other variables) is negative, robust, and economically significant. Consistent with the predictions in this dissertation, the corresponding regression coefficient is a U-shaped function of the credit quality of the bonds. In addition, the dissertation shows that the relationship changes its sign in distressed market conditions and that a combination of normal and distressed market conditions can produce erroneous results.
Recent problems with waste rock spoil dumps
Creators: name: Brawner, Carroll Oliver
name: Broughton, Scott E.
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Several failures of rock waste spoil dumps have occurred in the past few years in British Columbia. A review of three dump failures is provided. General details are described including the mechanics of the failure. Recommendations are presented to develop procedures to reduce failures of these types in the future.
Magnetic structure and high-field magnetization of the distorted kagome lattice antiferromagnet Cs$_2$Cu$_3$SnF$_{12}$
Creators: name: Matan, K.
name: Ono, T.
name: Gitgeatpong, G.
name: de Roos, K.
name: Miao, P.
name: Torii, S.
name: Kamiyama, T.
name: Miyata, A.
name: Matsuo, A.
name: Kindo, K.
name: Takeyama, S.
name: Nambu, Y.
name: Piyawongwatthana, P.
name: Sato, T. J.
name: Tanaka, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High-resolution time-of-flight powder neutron diffraction and high-field magnetization were measured to investigate the magnetic structure and existence of a field-induced magnetic phase transition in the distorted kagome antiferromagnet Cs$_2$Cu$_3$SnF$_{12}$. Upon cooling from room temperature, the compound undergoes a structural phase transition at $T_\textrm{t}=185$ K from the rhombohedral space group $R\bar{3}m$ with the perfect kagome spin network to the monoclinic space group $P2_1/n$ with the distorted kagome planes. The distortion results in three inequivalent exchange interactions among the $S=1/2$ Cu$^{2+}$ spins that magnetically order below $T_\textrm{N}=20.2$ K. Magnetization measured with a magnetic field applied within the kagome plane reveals small in-plane ferromagnetism resulting from spin canting. On the other hand, the out-of-plane magnetization does not show a clear hysteresis loop of the ferromagnetic component nor a prominent anomaly up to 170 T, with the exception of the subtle knee-like bend around 90 T, which could indicate the 1/3 magnetization plateau. The combined analysis using the irreducible representations of the magnetic space groups and magnetic structure refinement on the neutron powder diffraction data suggests that the magnetic moments order in the magnetic space group $P2_1'/n'$ with the all-in-all-out spin structure, which by symmetry allows for the in-plane canting, consistent with the in-plane ferromagnetism observed in the magnetization.
description: 14 pages, 9 figures, published version with typos corrected
Road Traffic Analysis with Surveillance Cameras using Synthetic Training Data
Creators: name: Toropov, Evgeny
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 90699 Electrical and Electronic Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Municipalities around the world provide public access to their traffic surveillance cameras via a web-interface. Though such web-interfaces usually provide only low frame-rate and low resolution video, the diversity and the low cost of
this data is an opportunity for researchers to work on problems ranging from fi nding empty parking spots in a street to tra ffic rules enforcement. Modern machine learning algorithms based on Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs)
are capable of accurately locating and analyzing each car in an image. However, CNNs are notoriously hungry for expensive labelled training data, which is only available to large companies. We aim to close this gap by incorporating
synthetic computer-generated data into the training process. The purpose is to signifi cantly reduce the required amount of labelled real data and reduce the cost of annotation per image, thus democratizing the practical usage of CNNs
for the case of surveillance cameras. The contributions of this thesis are 1) a dataset of 8,000 labelled low-resolution images of individual cars and a dataset of 80,000 synthetic car images tailored for surveillance cameras. The images are annotated with pixel-level background mask, car type, color, and orientation; 2) a dataset of over 1,000 high-quality 3D CAD models of cars; 3) experiments that demonstrate the usefulness of synthetic images in detection and semantic segmentation tasks for surveillance camera scenarios; and 4) a dataset management tool that facilitates the work with annotations in computer vision. To
sum up, the dissertation aims to promote synthetic images as a tool for machine learning and outline its advantages and limitations
Fluid Models for Kinetic Effects on Coherent Nonlinear Alfven Waves. II. Numerical Solutions
Creators: name: Medvedev, M. V.
name: Shevchenko, V. I.
name: Diamond, P. H.
name: Galinsky, V. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The influence of various kinetic effects (e.g. Landau damping, diffusive and collisional dissipation, and finite Larmor radius terms) on the nonlinear evolution of finite amplitude Alfvenic wave trains in a finite-beta environment is systematically investigated using a novel, kinetic nonlinear Schrodinger (KNLS) equation. The dynamics of Alfven waves is sensitive to the sense of polarization as well as the angle of propagation with respect to the ambient magnetic field. Numerical solution for the case with Landau damping reveals the formation of dissipative structures, which are quasi-stationary, S-polarized directional (and rotational) discontinuities which self-organize from parallel propagating, linearly polarized waves. Parallel propagating circularly polarized packets evolve to a few circularly polarized Alfven harmonics on large scales. Stationary arc-polarized rotational discontinuities form from obliquely propagating waves. Collisional dissipation, even if weak, introduces enhanced wave damping when beta is very close to unity. Cyclotron motion effects on resonant particle interactions introduce cyclotron resonance into the nonlinear Alfven wave dynamics.
description: 38 pages (including 23 figures and 1 table)
Additional file 14 of Breast and prostate cancers harbor common somatic copy number alterations that consistently differ by race and are associated with survival
Creators: name: Chen, Yalei
name: Sadasivan, Sudha M.
name: She, Ruicong
name: Datta, Indrani
name: Taneja, Kanika
name: Chitale, Dhananjay
name: Gupta, Nilesh
name: Davis, Melissa B.
name: Newman, Lisa A.
name: Rogers, Craig G.
name: Paris, Pamela L.
name: Li, Jia
name: Rybicki, Benjamin A.
name: Levin, Albert M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 14: Figure S6. Pdf format. African American and European American average copy number profiles across chromosome 8q21. A) plots of the breast cancer data, and B) plots of the prostate cancer data. In each, the upper panel contains the profile across chromosome 8, and the lower panel highlights the overlapping race-differentiated SCNA region within 8q21 shared by both breast and prostate cancer.