cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: INVESTIGATING FAILURE OF AUTOMOTIVE COMPONENTS MADE OF POLYDICYCLOPENTADIENE
Creators: name: Romanova, N.V.
name: Shafigullin, L.N.
name: Erofeev, V.T.
Publisher: name: Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University
Year: 2021
Subjects: полидициклопендадиен
автокомпоненты
разрушение
дефекты
polydicyclopentadiene
automotive components
failure
defects

description: Today, polydicyclopentadiene (PDCPD) is a promising polymeric material for automotive components. It is a liquid moulding resin that is processed via reaction injection moulding system. PDCPD is used to make a kit of parts for KAMAZ vehicle “lower belt”, bumper face guards, air intakes. It was found during the operation that the KAMAZ side step frame made of PDCPD failed. The comprehensive investigation revealed that the causes of the part failure were environmental factors, thermal degradation, quality of the raw materials, as well as failure to comply with the production process. The study of the IR spectra of PDCPD samples showed that the failed part (unlike the standard samples) featured a more intensive peak at around 1745 cm-1, which corresponded to the vibrations of carbonyl groups –С=О, which was indicative of the formation of the oxidized structures. The probability of formation of these structures can be a result of the thermal oxidation of the end product due to violation of the production process, operation at increased temperatures and UV exposure, as well as low quality raw materials.
Konzepte des Systemischen Kinderschutzes im Kontext von innerfamiliärer sexualisierter Gewalt
Creators: name: Gätjen, Eva
Publisher: name: Hochschule Bremen
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Kinderschutz
subject: Jugendamt
subject: Sexualisierte Gewalt
subject: Systemisches Arbeiten
subject: sexuelle Gewalt
subject: Übergriffe
subject: Familie
subject: Soziale Arbeit
subject: Fachkräfte
subject: 360

description: Die vorliegende Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit der Frage, inwiefern Konzepte des systemischen Kinderschutzes bei innerfamiliärer sexueller Gewalt Anwendung finden und der Einbezug der gewaltausübenden Person erfolgen kann. Ziel diese Ausarbeitung ist es, (mehr) Handlungssicherheit für Fachkräfte im ASD ermöglichen zu können. Verschiedene Konzepte werden herangezogen und tragen zu einer Handlungsempfehlung für das Bremer Jugendamt bei. Die systemischen Aufgaben im Kinderschutz bei sexualisierter Gewalt im sozialen Nahfeld werden zusammengetragen um aufzuzeigen, welche positiven Effekte mit Hilfe dieser Grundhaltung und Vorgehensweise zu verzeichnen sind.
Additional file 11 of High-resolution profile of transcriptomes reveals a role of alternative splicing for modulating response to nitrogen in maize
Creators: name: Yuancong Wang
name: Jinyan Xu
name: Ge, Min
name: Lihua Ning
name: Mengmei Hu
name: Zhao, Han
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 11: Table S5. The distribution of the read lengths generated from Sequel system.
Physical Properties of Spicules from Simultaneous Spectro-Polarimetric Observations of He I and Ca II Lines
Creators: name: Socas-Navarro, H.
name: Ellmore, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present full Stokes observations from SPINOR in the \ion{Ca}{2} infrared triplet and the \ion{He}{1} multiplet at 1083 nm from which some properties of spicules have been derived. There are important advantages in multi-line observations, particularly from different elements. We find that the orientation of the plane of polarization is very different for the Ca and He lines, which provides the first direct model-independent evidence for magnetic fields in spicules. Our data shows that the Ca and He lines have almost identical widths. Since the Ca atom is 10 times heavier than He, we are able to conclude that most of the broadening is non-thermal ($\simeq$16 km s$^{-1}$) and to set an upper limit of 13 kK to the spicular temperatures. The bisectors of the lines span a velocity range of over 15 km s$^{-1}$ for the He line and 30 km s$^{-1}$ for the Ca ones. The vertical gradient of line-of-sight velocities is also very different for both elements. We obtain 2.8 km s$^{-1}$ Mm$^{-1}$ from He versus 6.4 km s$^{-1}$ Mm$^{-1}$ from Ca. These properties, and others from similar observations, should be taken into account in future physical models of spicules.
description: ApJ Letters, submitted
Additional file 12 of High-resolution profile of transcriptomes reveals a role of alternative splicing for modulating response to nitrogen in maize
Creators: name: Yuancong Wang
name: Jinyan Xu
name: Ge, Min
name: Lihua Ning
name: Mengmei Hu
name: Zhao, Han
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 12: Table S6. GO enrichment analysis of non-DEGs that experienced AS specifally after nitrate supply.
Helicity at Small $x$: Oscillations Generated by Bringing Back the Quarks
Creators: name: Kovchegov, Yuri V.
name: Tawabutr, Yossathorn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct a numerical solution of the recently-derived large-$N_c \& N_f$ small-$x$ helicity evolution equations with the aim to establish the small-$x$ asymptotics of the quark helicity distribution beyond the large-$N_c$ limit explored previously in the same framework. (Here $N_c$ and $N_f$ are the numbers of quark colors and flavors.) While the large-$N_c$ helicity evolution involves gluons only, the large-$N_c \& N_f$ evolution includes contributions from quarks as well. We find that adding quarks to the evolution makes quark helicity distribution oscillate as a function of $x$. Our numerical results in the large-$N_c \& N_f$ limit lead to the $x$-dependence of the flavor-singlet quark helicity distribution which is well-approximated by \begin{align} ΔΣ(x, Q^2)\bigg|_{\mbox{large-}N_c \& N_f} \sim \left( \frac{1}{x} \right)^{α_h^q} \, \cos \left[ ω_q \, \ln \left( \frac{1}{x} \right) + φ_q \right]. \end{align} The power $α_h^q$ exhibits a weak $N_f$-dependence, and, for all $N_f$ values considered, remains very close to $α_h^q (N_f=0) = (4/\sqrt{3}) \sqrt{α_s N_c/(2 π)}$ obtained earlier in the large-$N_c$ limit. The novel oscillation frequency $ω_q$ and phase shift $φ_q$ depend more strongly on the number of flavors $N_f$ (with $ω_q =0$ in the pure-glue large-$N_c$ limit). The typical period of oscillations for $ΔΣ$ is rather long, spanning many units of rapidity. We speculate whether the oscillations we find are related to the sign variation with $x$ seen in the strange quark helicity distribution extracted from the data.
description: 20 pages, 10 figures
Le bilan de santé de la PAC et le rééquilibrage des soutiens à l’agriculture française
Creators: name: Chatellier, Vincent
name: Guyomard, Hervé
name: Chatellier, Vincent
name: Guyomard, Hervé
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: CAP
subject: France
subject: health check
subject: direct aid
subject: single farm payment
subject: farms
subject: FADN

description: [Paper in French] This paper presents an analysis of the consequences for the French agricultural sector of the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) Health Check following the measures adopted in France in February 2009. The simulations, conducted with the Farm Accountancy Data Network (FADN), show a shift of direct payments in favour of sheep and dairy farms, mainly those with a high proportion of grassland in their rotation. By contrast, crop farms and intensive cattle farms should lose. This new reform of the CAP will reduce the variability of single farm payment amounts among French farms; however, it will not modify in depth the current hierarchy of agricultural incomes which is also highly dependent on agricultural prices. In addition, these measures promote a more targeted allocation of budgetary outlays on natural resource protection.
La difficile question des biens publics en agriculture : réflexions autour des outils économiques
Creators: name: Desjeux, Yann
name: Dupraz, Pierre
name: Thomas, Alban
name: Desjeux, Yann
name: Dupraz, Pierre
name: Thomas, Alban
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Agricultural Finance
Environmental Economics and Policy

description: [Paper in French] The European Union (EU) has gradually increased the importance of environmental issues in the objectives and instruments of the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP). Agro-environmental schemes, enforced within all of the Member States since the 90’s, are contracted by the farmers on a voluntary basis. Since the enforcement, in 2005, of the cross-compliance of the whole CAP direct payment, almost all farms in the EU are now subject to environmental and sanitary constraints. The efficiency of these mechanisms and their consistency with pre-existing instruments are nonetheless questionable, as shown by various research and evaluation reports. However, the provision of public goods through agriculture can be seen as a legitimate objective of the agricultural policy, even though the clear wish to propose a simplified CAP does not prima facie fit with a broad consideration of the public good issue in agriculture. This article proposes a critical review of the CAP in reference to that objective. A particular attention is paid to the provision of environmental public goods based on the assessment of past actions and recent progress. Besides, we question whether the CAP should, and could, support the farmers in meeting objectives in terms of environmental production. Our analysis intends to shed light on these issues which are currently largely debated. Finally, we present perspectives offered by economic instruments that could be mobilised in view of delineating the different options for the future CAP (post-2013). Within the next years technological progress, market forces, and the impacts of climate change will probably be the most important drivers of the evolution of agricultural structures, and therefore of the provision of environmental public goods. With its influence on the various determinants of the agricultural activities, the CAP has a key-role to play in the provision of such public goods. Hence, the future policy will have to pay greater attent
La politique de l’eau : approche économique et application à la pollution des élevages
Creators: name: Le Goffe, Philippe
name: Le Goffe, Philippe
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: water
subject: policy
subject: economics
subject: framework directive
subject: polluter-pay
subject: pollution
subject: agriculture
subject: animal production
subject: manure spreading

description: [paper in French] In Brittany, water policy give little results compared to the money involved. Compared to northern European countries the French government don’t enforce the economic principles of the water framework directive (WFD). WFD defines the environmental target as an economic optimum which maximizes the collective value or minimizes social costs. Further, WFD says that water policy has to enforce cost recovery and polluter-pay principle (PPP). WFD economic principles are compared to the French policy for reducing animal pollution which is based on hypertrophic set of regulation and reject of PPP. This explains why producers don’t have incentives to reduce pollution by using least cost solutions like manure spreading. We suggest to limit the state’s paper to defining and enforcing standards via the PPP and to suppress the obstacles to manure spreading.
د. علي عماد محمد ازهر
Creators: name: imad, drali
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 150203 Financial Institutions (incl. Banking)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: 150307 Innovation and Technology Management

description: علي عماد محمد ازهر - جامعة الشرق الاوكرانية فلاديمير دال
Examination of endothelial integrity in a rat cardiac transplant model : implications for the pathogenesis of transplant vascular disease
Creators: name: Lai, John Chi Keung
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Background: One of the major complications associated with solid organ transplantation is a progressive form of allo-atherosclerosis known as transplant vascular disease (TVD), an expression of chronic allograft rejection. Events occurring early post-transplantation, particularly immune recognition of alloendothelium, initiate TVD. Previous work has suggested an important compromise of endothelial integrity as the allo-immune milieu evolves, although mechanisms by which integrity is altered remain to be resolved. Increased vascular permeability due to endothelial damage may allow entrance of inflammatory cells, lipoproteins, other proteins and plasma fluid into the subendothelial space, thereby contributing to the initiation of atherosclerosis in thoroughfare arteries. In this study, endothelial integrity in coronary arteries and proximal aorta was examined following cardiac transplantation in rats. Hypothesis: Altered endothelial integrity, as reflected in structural changes, is present in the rat allograft cardiac transplant model. Methods: Lewis-to-Lewis and Lewis-to-F-344 rat heterotopic cardiac transplants were examined at 1, 4, 21 and 42 days post-transplantation. The effects of cyclosporine treatment (5mg/kg/day) on maintaining endothelial integrity were studied and compared with control saline treated animals. At the light microscopy level, en face silver nitrate staining was performed to demonstrate endothelial cell borders and gaps. Scanning electron microscopy was used to extend silver nitrate findings and to further define the presence and nature of endothelial disruptions. Transmission electron microscopy was performed to further characterize endothelial integrity, immune cell identity and interaction with endothelium, and disease progression. Results: Syngrafts and cyclosporine treated allografts showed normal looking endothelium similar to that observed in arteries from native and control hearts. However, saline treated allografts displayed progressive endothelial destruction including large intercellular gaps, missing cells, and areas of bare extracellular matrix. Exfoliated surfaces were covered by platelets at various stages of adhesion, activation and spreading. Similarly, numerous leukocytes were observed a s either adherent to the endothelial lining or transmigrating into the sub-endothelial space. Cessation of cyclosporine therapy was associated with development of similar abnormalities. Conclusion: These findings suggest that early endothelial damage may promote vascular permeability and thereby initiate TVD, especially when immunosuppression is insufficient.
title: What Does It Mean To Be A Learning Support Teacher? A Life-History Investigation Of Ten Learning Support Teachers In The East-Coast Of Ireland
Creators: name: Day, Therese
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2002

description: There has been a rapid expansion of the learning support (LS) teaching service in Ireland since 1999 with approximately one in fifteen primary-school teachers currently working as learning support teachers (LSTs). Although there is a small body of quantitative research on LS teaching, there are no qualitative studies on LSTs themselves. This gap in the research is unfortunate because of the importance of studying teachers’ lives and perspectives as a key to understanding teaching, a now well-established position in biographical research on education. Using life-history interviews within a social constructivist paradigm, this study investigates the identity and work practices of ten LSTs in primary schools in the east-coast of Ireland. The study is based on the assumption that valuable insights into the work and identity of LSTs can be gained by examining their views and beliefs and the discourses through which they understand themselves and their work. A combination of grounded theory and discourse analysis is used to examine the language they use to construct themselves as LSTs and the discourse of LS teaching. The evidence from the study shows that there is a recognisable way of using language and engaging in specific practices that can be described as a discourse of LS teaching. The LSTs are both constructors of and constructed by the discourse of LS teaching. Their accounts show that they perceived themselves, and believed others perceived them to be, different from mainstream class-teachers. Using the overarching concept of ‘difference’, three themes were distilled from the LSTs’ accounts and used to analyse the data: their craft knowledge, the teaching of reading and parenthood. Their accounts display a potent union of theory and practice which was guided by their professional craft knowledge. They presented themselves as expert teachers of reading, comfortably embracing different models, thereby displaying their multiple positions and the complexity of the reading process. Drawing on their experiences of parenthood they constructed an identity for themselves as teacher-parents and parent-teachers. The findings have implications for the provision of in-service and professional development for LSTs. If, as their accounts suggest, the discourse of LS teaching pushes LSTs and their pupils into marginalised positions, it is important to scrutinise this discourse so that the exclusionary assumptions underpinning it are explored. The insider perspectives gained from the life-history accounts offer worthwhile insights into the intuitive craft of teaching in general and the teaching of reading in particular.
Seeding Approach to nucleation in the NVT ensemble: the case of bubble cavitation in overstretched Lennard Jones fluids
Creators: name: Rosales-Pelaez, Pablo
name: Sanchez-Burgos, Ignacio
name: Valeriani, Chantal
name: Vega, Carlos
name: Sanz, Eduardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Simulations are widely used to study nucleation in first order phase transitions due to the fact that they have access to the relevant length and time scales. However, simulations face the problem that nucleation is an activated process. Therefore, rare event simulation techniques are needed to promote the formation of the critical nucleus. The Seeding method, where the simulations are started with the nucleus already formed, has proven quite useful in efficiently providing estimates of the nucleation rate for a wide range of orders of magnitude. So far, Seeding has been employed in the NPT ensemble, where the nucleus either grows or redissolves. Thus, several trajectories have to be run in order to find the thermodynamic conditions that make the seeded nucleus critical. Moreover, the nucleus lifetime is short and the statistics for obtaining its properties is consequently poor. To deal with these shortcomings we extend the Seeding method to the NVT ensemble. We focus on the problem of bubble nucleation in a mestastable Lennard Jones fluid. We show that, in the NVT ensemble, it is possible to equilibrate and stabilise critical bubbles for a long time. The nucleation rate inferred from NVT-Seeding is fully consistent with that coming from NPT-Seeding. The former is quite suitable to obtain the nucleation rate along isotherms, whereas the latter is preferable if the dependence of the rate with temperature at constant pressure is required. Care should be taken with finite size effects when using NVT-Seeding. Further work is required to extend NVT seeding to other sorts of phase transitions.
description: 10 pages, 9 figures
Additional file 1 of Validity and reliability of wearable inertial sensors in healthy adult walking: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Kobsar, Dylan
name: Charlton, Jesse M.
name: Tse, Calvin T.F.
name: Jean-Francois Esculier
name: Graffos, Angelo
name: Krowchuk, Natasha M.
name: Thatcher, Daniel
name: Hunt, Michael A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Complete Inclusion/Exclusion Criteria.
Generalised Schwarzschild metric from double copy of point-like charge solution in Born-Infeld theory
Creators: name: Pasarin, Oscar
name: Tseytlin, Arkady A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss possible application of classical double copy procedure to construction of a generalisation of the Schwarzschild metric starting from an $α'$-corrected open string analogue of Coulomb solution. The latter is approximated by a point-like charge solution of the Born-Infeld action, which represents the open string effective action for an abelian vector field in the limit when derivatives of the field strength are small. The Born-Infeld solution has a regular electric field which is constant near the origin, suggesting that corrections from derivative terms in the open string effective action may be small there. The generalization of the Schwarschild metric obtained by the double copy construction from the Born-Infeld solution looks non-singular but the corresponding curvature invariants still blow up at $r=0$. We discuss the origin of this singularity and comment on possible generalisations.
description: 9 pages. v2: misprints corrected
Strategies for Spectral Profile Inversion using Artificial Neural Networks
Creators: name: Socas-Navarro, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper explores three different strategies for the inversion of spectral lines (and their Stokes profiles) using artificial neural networks. It is shown that a straightforward approach in which the network is trained with synthetic spectra from a simplified model leads to considerable errors in the inversion of real observations. This problem can be overcome in at least two different ways that are studied here in detail. The first method makes use of an additional pre-processing auto-associative neural network to project the observed profile into the theoretical model subspace. The second method considers a suitable regularization of the neural network used for the inversion. These new techniques are shown to be robust and reliable when applied to the inversion of both synthetic and observed data, with errors typically below $\sim$100 G.
description: ApJ, submitted
Shocks in the Quiet Solar Photosphere: A Rather Common Occurrence
Creators: name: Socas-Navarro, H.
name: Manso, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present observations of the quiet solar photosphere in the \ion{Fe}{1} lines at 6302 Åwhere at least four different spatial locations exhibit upwards-directed supersonic flows. These upflows can only be detected in the circular polarization profiles as a double-peaked structure in the blue lobe of both \ion{Fe}{1} lines. We have detected cases of either magnetic polarity in the data. The polarization signals associated with the upflows are very weak, which is probably why they had not been seen before in this type of observations. We propose that the observed flows are the signature of aborted convective collapse, similar to the case reported by \citeN{BRRHC+01}. Our data indicates that this phenomenon occurs frequently in the quiet Sun, which means that many magnetic elements (although the fraction is still unknown) are destroyed even before they are formed completely. The spectral signatures of supersonic upflows reported here are probably present in most spectro-polarimetric observations of sufficient signal-to-noise and spatial resolution.
description: ApJ Letters, submitted
Searching for the radio remnants of short duration gamma-ray bursts
Creators: name: Ricci, Roberto
name: Troja, Eleonora
name: Bruni, Gabriele
name: Matsumoto, Tatsuya
name: Piro, Luigi
name: O'Connor, Brendan
name: Piran, Tsvi
name: Navaieelavasani, Niloofar
name: Corsi, Alessandra
name: Giacomazzo, Bruno
name: Wieringa, Mark H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Neutron star mergers produce a substantial amount of fast-moving ejecta, expanding outwardly for years after the merger. The interaction of these ejecta with the surrounding medium may produce a weak isotropic radio remnant, detectable in relatively nearby events. We use late-time radio observations of short duration gamma-ray bursts (sGRBs) to constrain this model. Two samples of events were studied: four sGRBs that are possibly in the local (<200 Mpc) universe were selected to constrain the remnant non-thermal emission from the sub-relativistic ejecta, whereas 17 sGRBs at cosmological distances were used to constrain the presence of a proto-magnetar central engine, possibly re-energezing the merger ejecta. We consider the case of GRB~170817A/GW170817, and find that in this case the early radio emission may be quenched by the jet blast-wave. In all cases, for ejecta mass range of M_ej \lesssim 10^{-2} (5 * 10^{-2}) M_sun, we can rule out very energetic merger ejecta E_ej \gtrsim 5 * 10^{52}(10^{53}) erg, thus excluding the presence of a powerful magnetar as a merger remnant.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures, 3 tables. Accepted for pubblication in MNRAS
title: Effect of the distance between cathode and substrate on structural and optical properties of zinc oxide thin films deposited by RF sputtering technique
Creators: name: Khan,  Mohibul
name: Faruque Ahmed , Sk.
Publisher: name: Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University
Year: 2021

description: Zinc oxide (ZnO) thin films have been fabricated over glass substrates via Radio Frequency (RF) sputtering technique with varying distances between cathode and substrate. The aim of the fabrication of thin films was to study the structural, morphological, compositional, and optical properties by varying the distance between cathode and substrate. X-Ray Diffractometer (XRD) has been used to discuss the structural property of deposited thin films. The XRD patterns of fabricated ZnO thin films indicate wurtzite hexagonal crystal phase at miller indices (002) by a high intense peak at the Bragg's angle 34.4o . Crystallite size of fabricated ZnO thin films decreases from 32 nm to 17 nm with increasing the distance between cathode and substrate from 65 nm to 125 nm respectively, which have been calculated using XRD (002) peak. The information about morphological characteristics of the surface of ZnO thin films has been discussed by using Atomic Force Microscope. Some information about the bonding of fabricated ZnO thin films has been studied by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy. UV-VIS spectrophotometer has been used to investigate the optical property and Urbach parameter of the deposited ZnO thin films. Optical energy, which is also known as bandgap energy, increases from 3.16 eV to 3.25 eV with increasing the distance between cathode and substrate from 65 nm to 125 nm respectively. Urbach energy i.e., defect density decreases from 195 meV to 182 meV with the increasing the distance between cathode and substrate from 65 nm to 125 nm respectively. The change in optical transmittance, optical band gap energy, and Urbach energy has been discussed in terms of nanostructure ZnO thin films
Dressed (Renormalized) Coordinates in a Nonlinear System
Creators: name: Hidalgo, G. Flores
name: Milla, Y. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In previous publications dressed coordinates and dressed states has been introduced. Specifically, a system composed by a harmonic oscillator interacting linearly with an infinity set of other oscillators has been treated. In this paper we show how to generalize such dressed coordinates and dressed states to a nonlinear version of this system. Also we clarify some misunderstandings about the concept of dressed coordinates. Indeed now we prefer to call them renormalized coordinates to emphasize the analogy with the renormalized fields in quantum field theory.
description: LaTex, 20 pages
Planning for peak oil? : An examination of what municipal and regional planners in Greater Vancouver know about peak oil and think about its relevance to planning and a local planning response
Creators: name: Larson, Lisa
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Canadian suburbs and cities are heavily reliant on inexpensive oil and natural gas; they depend on them for many essential needs including transportation, heating, and the import of goods and foods from distant and neighbouring regions. Growing debate around 'peak oil' has brought the future of these fuels into question. Those who believe in peak oil expect that global conventional oil and gas extraction rates will reach a maximum by 2020, after which they will inevitably decline. They expect that without a corresponding drop in demand the prices of these fuels will dramatically increase and result in future disruptions to fossil fuel dependent lives. In this thesis I argue that the likelihood of peak oil and our dependence on cheap oil and gas epitomize the unsustainable nature of our suburbs and cities. I propose that planning, as a profession oriented towards the future and dedicated to supporting our society's transition to sustainability, has a responsibility to help us prepare for a 'post-carbon age'. Through interviews with 26 randomly selected municipal and regional planners in the Greater Vancouver region I examined what local planners know about the peak oil debate and think about its potential consequences and importance to local planning. I also investigated whether they believe peak oil warrants a local planning response and what that response should be. My results indicate that planners in this region have a limited awareness of peak oil, although the majority agree that the issue is relevant to planning. The majority also agree that it could force our lives to change, but that it is difficult to predict how exactly. In addition, my results show that fifty percent of local planners believe that peak oil is something to which local planning should respond. Their general recommendations of what planning might do to address peak oil are similar to those commonly associated with 'sustainability planning'. While they are a good place to start, I propose that more detailed, energy-centric, and comprehensive policies should be formulated under a precautionary planning approach, together with greater awareness of and dialogue about peak oil within public, political, and planning communities.
Discrepancies of measured SAR between traditional and fast measuring systems
Creators: name: Liu, Zicheng
name: Allal, Djamel
name: Cox, Maurice
name: Wiart, Joe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Human exposure to mobile devices is traditionally measured by a system in which the human body (or head) is modelled by a phantom and the energy absorbed from the device is estimated based on the electric fields measured with a single probe. Such a system suffers from low efficiency due to repeated volumetric scanning within the phantom needed to capture the absorbed energy throughout the volume. To speed up the measurement, fast SAR (specific absorption rate) measuring systems have been developed. However, discrepancies of measured results are observed between traditional and fast measuring systems. In this paper, the discrepancies in terms of post-processing procedures after the measurement of electric field (or its amplitude) are investigated. Here, the concerned fast measuring system estimates SAR based on the reconstructed field of the region of interest while the amplitude and phase of electric field are measured on a single plane with a probe array. The numerical results presented indicate that the fast SAR measuring system has the potential to yield more accurate estimations than the traditional system, but no conclusion can be made on which kind of system is superior without knowledge of the field-reconstruction algorithms and the emitting source.
Magnetic fields in Herbig Ae stars
Creators: name: Hubrig, S.
name: Schoeller, M.
name: Yudin, R. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Herbig Ae stars are young A-type stars in the pre-main sequence evolutionary phase with masses of ~1.5-3 M_o. They show rather intense surface activity (Dunkin et al. 1997) and infrared excess related to the presence of circumstellar disks. Because of their youth, primordial magnetic fields inherited from the parent molecular cloud may be expected, but no direct evidence for the presence of magnetic fields on their surface, except in one case (Donati et al. 1997), has been found until now. Here we report observations of optical circular polarization with FORS 1 at the VLT in the three Herbig Ae stars HD 139614, HD 144432 and HD 144668. A definite longitudinal magnetic field at 4.8 sigma level, =-450+-93 G, has been detected in the Herbig Ae star HD 139614. This is the largest magnetic field ever diagnosed for a Herbig Ae star. A hint of a weak magnetic field is found in the other two Herbig Ae stars, HD 144432 and HD 144668, for which magnetic fields are measured at the ~1.6 sigma and ~2.5 sigma level respectively. Further, we report the presence of circular polarization signatures in the Ca II K line in the V Stokes spectra of HD 139614 and HD 144432, which appear unresolved at the low spectral resolution achievable with FORS 1. We suggest that models involving accretion of matter from the disk to the star along a global stellar magnetic field of a specific geometry can account for the observed Zeeman signatures.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication as a letter in A&A
A NEW METHOD FOR TREATING THE RESIDUAL CAVITY OF LIVER ECHINOCOCCOSIS WITH ANTI-INFLAMMATORY EFFECT
Creators: name: Nabiev, Ibrohimjon
name: Nishanov, Murodjon
name: Abdurakhmadov, Abdurasul
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: The authors analyze that the method of antiparasitic and anti-inflammatory treatment of the residual cavity of a hydatid cyst in the liver, complicated by suppuration, includes aspiration of the contents of the hydatid cyst, removal of remnants of the maternal membrane, daughter and grandchild bladders
title: Mathematical modelling of ice beam deflection dynamics
Creators: name: Reztsova, A. M.
Publisher: name: Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University
Year: 2021
Subjects: консольная балка
динамический изгиб
взаимодействие ледяной структуры
моделированный лед
cantilever beam
bending dynamics
ice-structure interaction
model ice

description: The assessment of stresses arising from the interaction of the ice field and inclined structures is an important part of research in ice mechanics. For these purposes, various mathematical tools are used, including mechanical models of beams. The article presents solutions for the equation of dynamic deflection of a beam with different boundary conditions, as well as taking into account the influence of a liquid located under the ice field. The inclusion of the base reaction in the beam deflection equation allows us to obtain an alternative model, which in some cases turns out to be more accurate than others. The obtained solutions are tested on the results of our own experiments conducted in an ice basin with model ice. In the experiments, velocity of structures was varied; force projections, time and place of the ice beam failure were recorded.
Deliverable 1.5 Report on stakeholder interaction in year 2 and 3
Creators: name: Buch, Erik
name: Sandven, Stein
name: Danielsen, Finn
name: Iversen, Lisbeth
name: Poulsen, Michael Køie
name: Ottersen, Geir
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Arctic
INTAROS
Observing Systems
Stakeholder
Requirement

description: An overview of information, products and services requested by users representing primarily the private commercial sector has been collected via INTAROS user survey supplemented with results from similar surveys performed by other projects and organisations together with information obtained by INTAROS consortium members in dialog with relevant user at meetings, workshops and conferences. Most important products:
 • Pre-operational phase
 o Model projections on the long-term (years) development
 o Risk assessment associated with safe navigation, deployment and recovery of gear, seabed mining, hydrocarbon extraction etc
 o Statistics and analysis based on existing data
 • Operational Phase
 o Operational Services – real-time observations and/or short-term forecasts (5-10 days)
 o Ship routing
 o Risk assessment
 Information on sea Ice (concentration, ice edge, drift thickness) and iceberg are central in the required product portfolio; but the surveys additionally revealed requests for meteorological parameters (pressure, wind, temperature, visibility, precipitation, humidity, icing) and oceanographic parameters (temperature, currents and waves, salinity, oxygen and chlorophyll).
 The users have very strong demands to resolution in space and time, quality and timeliness of the products they receive:
 • a horizontal resolution of down to 100 m especially for special ice products was articulated.
 • Updating frequency for the information are generally requested to be less than one day preferably down to a few hours.
 • Quality shall regularly be documented and the inclusion of uncertainty information as an integral part of the product is desirable
 • For operational services it is important that every product update is available in near real-time. For other types of products up to a few days are regarded as timely delivery.
 • For model forecast the most important forecasting period is the next 2-3 days for operational purposes, while longer forecasting periods 7-10 days are valuable for more long-term planning purposes. Due to the limited communication facilities in the Arctic region the delivery of the requested products represents a special challenge.
 This overview is a valuable tool for service providers to plan the production line. The required resolution in time and space indicates that satellite observations and model simulations will be key components in the product generation. In situ observations are however indispensable for such a production line to secure the quality of products generated based on satellite observations and numerical models, but do also serve as a valuable source of information for product generation in itself. The design and establishment of a fit-for-purpose sustained Arctic Observation System is therefore of utmost importance.
Current-driven skyrmionium in a frustrated magnetic system
Creators: name: Xia, Jing
name: Zhang, Xichao
name: Ezawa, Motohiko
name: Tretiakov, Oleg A.
name: Hou, Zhipeng
name: Wang, Wenhong
name: Zhao, Guoping
name: Liu, Xiaoxi
name: Diep, Hung T.
name: Zhou, Yan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic skyrmionium can be used as a nanometer-scale non-volatile information carrier, which shows no skyrmion Hall effect due to its special structure carrying zero topological charge. Here, we report the static and dynamic properties of an isolated nanoscale skyrmionium in a frustrated magnetic monolayer, where the skyrmionium is stabilized by competing interactions. The frustrated skyrmionium has a size of about $10$ nm, which can be further reduced by tuning perpendicular magnetic anisotropy or magnetic field. It is found that the nanoscale skyrmionium driven by the damping-like spin-orbit torque shows directional motion with a favored Bloch-type helicity. A small driving current or magnetic field can lead to the transformation of an unstable Néel-type skyrmionium to a metastable Bloch-type skyrmionium. A large driving current may result in the distortion and collapse of the Bloch-type skyrmionium. Our results are useful for the understanding of frustrated skyrmionium physics, which also provide guidelines for the design of spintronic devices based on topological spin textures.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
Extension and its characteristics of ECRH plasma in the LHD
Creators: name: Kubo, Shin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of the main objectives of the LHD is to extend the plasma confinement database for helical systems and to demonstrate such extended plasma confinement properties to be sustained in steady state. Among the various plasma parameter regimes, the study of confinement properties in the collisionless regime is of particular importance. Electron cyclotron resonance heating (ECRH) has been extensively used for these confinement studies of the LHD plasma from the initial operation. The system optimizations including the modification of the transmission and antenna system are performed with the special emphasis on the local heating properties. As the result, central electron temperature of more than 10 keV with the electron density of 0.6 x 10$^{19}$ m$^{-3}$ is achieved near the magnetic axis. The electron temperature profile is characterized by a steep gradient similar to those of an internal transport barrier observed in tokamaks and stellarators. 168 GHz ECRH system demonstrated efficient heating at over the density more than 1.0 x 10$^{20}$ m$^{-3}$. CW ECRH system is successfully operated to sustain 756 s discharge.
description: 12th International Congress on Plasma Physics, 25-29 October 2004, Nice (France)
The clean development mechanism : strengthening sustainable development?
Creators: name: Knechtel, Anya Lise
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Climate change is a global challenge that is affecting opportunities for sustainable development, particularly in developing countries where vulnerability to the adverse impacts of climate change is heightened by factors such as limited access to resources and greater exposure to extreme climate events. However, sustainable development also provides an opportunity to mitigate the impacts of climate change by limiting greenhouse gas emissions and strengthening people's capacity to deal with its effects. The Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) is one of three internationally-based mechanisms designated to assist in international efforts to mitigate additional climate change under the 1997 Kyoto Protocol within the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). The CDM is unique to the Kyoto Protocol in that it is the only mechanism in which developing countries may participate and that has the stated objective of supporting developing countries' efforts to achieve sustainable development. The CDM is designed to pursue this objective by channeling foreign direct investment into sustainable development projects in host developing countries. Therefore, in theory, the CDM provides an opportunity to support efforts to mitigate climate change through sustainable development. This thesis explores how the policies governing the CDM impact its capacity to support sustainable development, and how sustainable development is being operationalized in the context of the CDM . It considers barriers and challenges that project developers are encountering in seeking to implement sustainable development projects under the CDM , and what could be done to assist in overcoming these barriers in order to strengthen the CDM ' s capacity to support sustainable development. This thesis finds that on an operational level the CDM ' s effectiveness in fostering sustainable development has been limited due to a number of institutional, regulatory, and financial barriers. However, it concludes that there are opportunities to overcome the barriers and strengthen the CDM ' s capacity to foster sustainable development, and that the CDM therefore remains a hopeful example of how the issues of climate change and sustainable development can be addressed through a constructive and synergistic approach.
title: Practical Aspects Of Kernel Smoothing For Binary Regression And Density Estimation
Creators: name: Signorini, David F.
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 1998

description: This thesis explores the practical use of kernel smoothing in three areas: binary regression, density estimation and Poisson regression sample size calculations. Both nonparametric and semiparametric binary regression estimators are examined in detail, and extended to two bandwidth cases. The asymptotic behaviour of these estimators is presented in a unified way, and the practical performance is assessed using a simulation experiment. It is shown that, when using the ideal bandwidth, the two bandwidth estimators often lead to dramatically improved estimation. These benefits are not reproduced, however, when two general bandwidth selection procedures described briefly in the literature are applied to the estimators in question. Only in certain circumstances does the two bandwidth estimator prove superior to the one bandwidth semiparametric estimator, and a simple rule-of-thumb based on robust scale estimation is suggested. The second part summarises and compares many different approaches to improving upon the standard kernel method for density estimation. These estimators all have asymptotically 'better' behaviour than the standard estimator, but a small-sample simulation experiment is used to examine which, if any, can give important practical benefits. Very simple bandwidth selection rules which rely on robust estimates of scale are then constructed for the most promising estimators. It is shown that a particular multiplicative bias-correcting estimator is in many cases superior to the standard estimator, both asymptotically and in practice using a data-dependent bandwidth. The final part shows how the sample size or power for Poisson regression can be calculated, using knowledge about the distribution of covariates. This knowledge is encapsulated in the moment generating function, and it is demonstrated that, in most circumstances, the use of the empirical moment generating function and related functions is superior to kernel smoothed estimates.
Additional file 10 of High-resolution profile of transcriptomes reveals a role of alternative splicing for modulating response to nitrogen in maize
Creators: name: Yuancong Wang
name: Jinyan Xu
name: Ge, Min
name: Lihua Ning
name: Mengmei Hu
name: Zhao, Han
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 10: Table S4. The GO enrichment analysis of DEGs.