cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Dynamics and Rheology of Polymer Melts via Hierarchical Atomistic, Coarse-grained, and Slip-spring Simulations
Creators: name: Behbahani, Alireza F.
name: Schneider, Ludwig
name: Rissanou, Anastassia
name: Chazirakis, Anthony
name: Bačová, Petra
name: Jana, Pritam Kumar
name: Li, Wei
name: Doxastakis, Manolis
name: Polińska, Patrycja
name: Burkhart, Craig
name: Müller, Marcus
name: Harmandaris, Vagelis A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A hierarchical (triple scale) simulation methodology is presented for the prediction of the dynamical and rheological properties of high molecular weight entangled polymer melts. The methodology consists of atomistic, moderately coarse-grained (mCG), and highly coarse-grained slip-spring (SLSP) simulations. At the mCG level, a few chemically bonded atoms are lumped into one coarse-grained bead. At this level, the chemical identity of the atomistic system, and the interchain topological constraints (entanglements) are preserved. The mCG potentials are derived by matching local structural distributions of the mCG model to those of the atomistic model through iterative Boltzmann inversion. For matching mCG and atomistic dynamics, the mCG time is scaled by a time scaling factor, which compensates for the lower monomeric friction coefficient of the mCG model than that of the atomistic one. At the SLSP level, multiple Kuhn segments of a polymer chain are represented by one coarse-grained bead. The very soft nonbonded interactions between beads do not prevent chain crossing and, hence, can not capture entanglements. The topological constraints are represented by slip-springs. A compensating pair potential is used in the SLSP model, to keep the static macromolecular properties unaltered upon the introduction of slip-springs. The static and kinetic parameters of the SLSP model are determined based on the lower level simulation models. Particularly, matching the orientational autocorrelation of the end-to-end vector, we determine the number of slip-springs and calibrate the timescale of the SLSP model. As the test case, the hierarchical methodology is applied to $cis$-1,4-polybutadiene (cPB) at 413 K. Dynamical properties of cPB melts are calculated for a broad range of molecular weights. The calculations are compared, and found in good agreement, with experimental data from the literature.
Pseudorapidity shape of elliptic flow as signature for fast equilibration in relativistic heavy-ion collisions at energies up to sqrt(s) = 200 GeV
Creators: name: Bleibel, J.
name: Burau, G.
name: Faessler, Amand
name: Fuchs, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The implications of parton recombination processes on the dynamics of ultrarelativistic heavy-ion reactions are investigated. To do so, the quark-gluon string transport model has been extended for partonic recombination and fusion processes. Parton recombination leads to short equilibration times and improves significantly on the theoretical description of measured directed and elliptic flow, i.e., v_1 and v_2, distributions in Au+Au collisions at sqrt(s) = 200 GeV, in particular what concerns their pseudorapidity dependence. The shape of v_2(eta) is found to be closely related to fast thermalization.
description: 7 pages (revtex4) with 4 figures, v3: substantially extended description and discussion of the model and its results, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. C
Exclusive measurements of [pi]N --> [pi][pi]N
Creators: name: Kermani, Mohammad Arjomand
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The pion induced pion production reactions —> 7 r ±7r+ n were studied at projectile incident energies of 223, 243, 264, 284, and 305 MeV. The Canadian High Acceptance Orbit Spectrometer (CHAOS) was used to detected the charged particles, which originated from the interaction of the incident pion beam with a cryogenic liquid hydrogen target. The experimental results are presented in the form of single, double and triple differential cross sections. Total cross sections obtained by integrating the differential quantities are also reported. The experimental data, namely the ir~p —> 7r~7r+n double differential cross sections, were used as input to the Chew-Low extrapolation procedure which was utilized to determine on-shell 7r+7r_ elastic scattering cross sections in the near threshold region. The Chew-Low results (the extrapolated irir cross sections) were then used in a dispersion analysis (Roy equations) to obtain the -KIT isospin zero S-wave scattering length. We find a° = 0.209 ± 0.011/x-1. In addition, the invariant mass distributions from the 7r~) channel were fitted to determine the model parameters for the extended model of Oset and Vicente-Vacas. We find that the model parameters obtained from fitting the (7r+7r_ ) data do not describe the invariant mass distributions in the (7r+7r+) channel.
title: Creative infidelity in the process of adaptation: Peter Shaffer from stage to screen
Creators: name: Hsieh, Hsin
Publisher: name: University of Reading
Year: 2023

description: When the field of Adaptation Studies was at an early stage, its focus was on the 
comparison between the source and the adapted work, between words and images where 
fidelity to the source text was often the main criteria. In recent decades, scholars have 
argued that an adaptation should be considered as an independent work, while taking the 
production contexts and medium specificity into consideration. However, Adaptation 
Studies has also developed from dismissing fidelity discourse to recognizing the concept of 
‘creative infidelity’ (Andrew 2011), which acknowledges the origin of the adapted work in 
the source text, but also the freedom to create a new work with its own medium specific 
conventions and shaped by its cultural and production contexts and its creative team. What 
insight does the focus on the adaptation process provide when there is an intermedial 
interchange between a theatre source work and a film adaptation? 
To look closely at the media transformation in adapting theatre to film, British 
playwright Peter Shaffer becomes an interesting case, as he had different experiences in 
adapting his own stage plays to screenplays and collaborated with film directors. The 
increasing metatheatricality of Shaffer’s dramaturgy in his later plays is a particular 
challenge to film adaptation, as it foregrounds issues of liveness, including direct audience 
address and non-realist sets. 
In this thesis, I will investigate the process of adaptation in Shaffer’s works to see 
how the concept of creative infidelity can be useful in the analysis of the process of 
adaptation between a metatheatrical play and a film adaptation. Other terms such as 
cultural mediality, intermediality and metadaptation will be used as part of the analysis. 
My thesis explores both Shaffer’s early drawing-room plays from the 1950s and his later 
more stylised plays, and it compares these plays with his different levels of involvement in 
the theatre to film adaptation process, with a special focus on Equus (1974), directed by 
Sidney Lumet and Amadeus (1979), directed by Miloš Forman.
Letter from Muir, Jephson & Adams (Barristers, Solicitors, etc.) in Calgary, A.B., to James Goldie, February 28, 1911
Creators: name: Muir, Jephson
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Letter to James Goldie from Muir, Jephson & Adams (Barristers, Soliciters, etc.) in Calgary, A.B., dated February 28, 2011, regarding sale and transfer of land from Robert W. Mayhew to Goldie.
GRB 191016A: The onset of the forward shock and evidence of late energy injection
Creators: name: Pereyra, M.
name: Fraija, N.
name: Watson, A. M.
name: Becerra, R. L.
name: Butler, N. R.
name: De Colle, F.
name: Troja, E.
name: Dichiara, S.
name: Fraire-Bonilla, E.
name: Lee, W. H.
name: Kutyrev, A. S.
name: Prochaska, J. X.
name: Bloom, J. S.
name: González, J. J.
name: Ramirez-Ruiz, E.
name: Richer, M. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present optical and near-infrared photometric observations of GRB 191016 with the COATLI, DDOTI and RATIR ground-based telescopes over the first three nights. We present the temporal evolution of the optical afterglow and describe 5 different stages that were not completely characterized in previous works, mainly due to scarcity of data points to accurately fit the different components of the optical emission. After the end of the prompt gamma-ray emission, we observed the afterglow rise slowly in the optical and near-infrared (NIR) wavelengths and peak at around T+1450s in all filters. This was followed by an early decay, a clear plateau from T+5000s to T+11000s, and then a regular late decay. We also present evidence of the jet break at later times, with a temporal index in good agreement with the temporal slope obtained from X-ray observations. Although many of the features observed in the optical light curves of GRBs are usually well explained by a reverse shock (RS) or forward shock(FS), the shallowness of the optical rise and enhanced peak emission in the GRB191016A afterglow is not well-fitted by only a FS or a RS. We propose a theoretical model which considers both of these components and combines an evolving FS with a later embedded RS and a subsequent late energy injection from the central engine activity. We use this model to successfully explain the temporal evolution of the light curves and discuss its implications on the fireball properties.
description: 15 pages, 5 figures, 7 Tables, Submitted to MNRAS
Using mutation testing to measure behavioural test diversity
Creators: name: Neto, Francisco Gomes de Oliveira
name: Dobslaw, Felix
name: Feldt, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Diversity has been proposed as a key criterion to improve testing effectiveness and efficiency.It can be used to optimise large test repositories but also to visualise test maintenance issues and raise practitioners' awareness about waste in test artefacts and processes. Even though these diversity-based testing techniques aim to exercise diverse behavior in the system under test (SUT), the diversity has mainly been measured on and between artefacts (e.g., inputs, outputs or test scripts). Here, we introduce a family of measures to capture behavioural diversity (b-div) of test cases by comparing their executions and failure outcomes. Using failure information to capture the SUT behaviour has been shown to improve effectiveness of history-based test prioritisation approaches. However, history-based techniques require reliable test execution logs which are often not available or can be difficult to obtain due to flaky tests, scarcity of test executions, etc. To be generally applicable we instead propose to use mutation testing to measure behavioral diversity by running the set of test cases on various mutated versions of the SUT. Concretely, we propose two specific b-div measures (based on accuracy and Matthew's correlation coefficient, respectively) and compare them with artefact-based diversity (a-div) for prioritising the test suites of 6 different open-source projects. Our results show that our b-div measures outperform a-div and random selection in all of the studied projects. The improvement is substantial with an average increase in average percentage of faults detected (APFD) of between 19% to 31% depending on the size of the subset of prioritised tests.
description: Published at the 15th International Workshop on Mutation Analysis
Query Expressibility and Verification in Ontology-Based Data Access
Creators: name: Lutz, Carsten
name: Marti, Johannes
name: Sabellek, Leif
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In ontology-based data access, multiple data sources are integrated using an ontology and mappings. In practice, this is often achieved by a bootstrapping process, that is, the ontology and mappings are first designed to support only the most important queries over the sources and then gradually extended to enable additional queries. In this paper, we study two reasoning problems that support such an approach. The expressibility problem asks whether a given source query $q_s$ is expressible as a target query (that is, over the ontology's vocabulary) and the verification problem asks, additionally given a candidate target query $q_t$, whether $q_t$ expresses $q_s$. We consider (U)CQs as source and target queries and GAV mappings, showing that both problems are $Π^p_2$-complete in DL-Lite, coNExpTime-complete between EL and ELHI when source queries are rooted, and 2ExpTime-complete for unrestricted source queries.
Connect sum and transversely non simple knots
Creators: name: Kawamuro, Keiko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57M25; 57R17

description: We prove that transversal non-simplicity is preserved under taking connect sum, generalizing Vertesi's result.
description: Following the referee, exposition is changed and misprints are corrected
Ultraviolet Observations of Comet 96/P Machholz at Perihelion
Creators: name: Raymond, J. C.
name: Giordano, S.
name: Mancuso, S.
name: Povich, M. S.
name: Bemporad, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ultraviolet spectra of Comet 96/P Machholz were obtained during its 2002 perihelion with the UVCS instrument aboard the SOHO satellite. Emission from H I, C II, C III, and O I, is detected near the nucleus. The outgassing rate is in line with the value extrapolated from rates at larger distances from the Sun, and abundances of C and O are estimated. Reconstructed images show a nearly spherical cloud in H I Ly$α$ emission and an ion tail seen in C III. Radiation pressure on the hydrogen atoms produces a modest distortion of the shape of the Ly$α$ cloud as seen from SOHO, and it produces Doppler shifts up to 30 km s$^{-1}$ in the outer parts of the cloud. We estimate a ratio of C to H$_2$O similar to what is observed in other comets, so low carbon abundance does not account for the anomalously low C$_2$ and C$_3$ ratios to NH$_2$ observed at optical wavelengths.
Was sagen wir über Hus in dem säkularisierten tschechischen Kontext?
Creators: name: Morée, Peter
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 64 Nr. 3 (2015): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 64, Heft 3
Nonlocality-controlled interaction of spatial solitons in nematic liquid crystals
Creators: name: Hu, Wei
name: Zhang, Tao
name: Guo, Qi
name: Xuan, Li
name: Lan, Sheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate experimentally that the interactions between a pair of nonlocal spatial optical solitons in a nematic liquid crystal (NLC) can be controlled by the degree of nonlocality. For a given beam width, the degree of nonlocality can be modulated by varying the pretilt angle of NLC molecules via the change of the bias. When the pretilt angle is smaller than pi/4, the nonlocality is strong enough to guarantee the independence of the interactions on the phase difference of the solitons. As the pretilt angle increases, the degree of nonlocality decreases. When the degree is below its critical value, the two solitons behavior in the way like their local counterpart: the two in-phase solitons attract and the two out-of-phase solitons repulse.
description: 3 pages, 4 figures
A general scheme for modeling gamma-ray burst prompt emission
Creators: name: Kumar, Pawan
name: McMahon, Erin
name: Austin, UT
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe a general method for modeling gamma-ray burst prompt emission. We find that for the burst to be produced via the synchrotron process unphysical conditions are required -- the distance of the source from the center of the explosion ($R_γ$) must be larger than $\sim 10^{17}$cm and the source Lorentz factor $\gta 10^3$; for such a high Lorentz factor the deceleration radius ($R_d$) is less than $R_γ$ even if the number density of particles in the surrounding medium is as small as $\sim 0.1$ cm$^{-3}$. The result, $R_γ> R_d$, is in contradiction with the early x-ray and optical afterglow data. The synchrotron-self-Compton (SSC) process fares much better. There is a large solution space for a typical GRB prompt emission to be produced via the SSC process. The prompt optical emission accompanying the burst is found to be very bright ($\lta$ 14 mag; for $z\sim2$) in the SSC model, which exceeds the observed flux (or upper limit) for most GRBs. Continuous acceleration of electrons can significantly reduce the optical flux and bring it down to the observed limits. (Abridged)
description: Published in MNRAS Jan 2008, 56 pages
Physics-informed neural networks for solving forward and inverse flow problems via the Boltzmann-BGK formulation
Creators: name: Lou, Qin
name: Meng, Xuhui
name: Karniadakis, George Em
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this study, we employ physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) to solve forward and inverse problems via the Boltzmann-BGK formulation (PINN-BGK), enabling PINNs to model flows in both the continuum and rarefied regimes. In particular, the PINN-BGK is composed of three sub-networks, i.e., the first for approximating the equilibrium distribution function, the second for approximating the non-equilibrium distribution function, and the third one for encoding the Boltzmann-BGK equation as well as the corresponding boundary/initial conditions. By minimizing the residuals of the governing equations and the mismatch between the predicted and provided boundary/initial conditions, we can approximate the Boltzmann-BGK equation for both continuous and rarefied flows. For forward problems, the PINN-BGK is utilized to solve various benchmark flows given boundary/initial conditions, e.g., Kovasznay flow, Taylor-Green flow, cavity flow, and micro Couette flow for Knudsen number up to 5. For inverse problems, we focus on rarefied flows in which accurate boundary conditions are difficult to obtain. We employ the PINN-BGK to infer the flow field in the entire computational domain given a limited number of interior scattered measurements on the velocity with unknown boundary conditions. Results for the two-dimensional micro Couette and micro cavity flows with Knudsen numbers ranging from 0.1 to 10 indicate that the PINN-BGK can infer the velocity field in the entire domain with good accuracy. Finally, we also present some results on using transfer learning to accelerate the training process. Specifically, we can obtain a three-fold speedup compared to the standard training process (e.g., Adam plus L-BFGS-B) for the two-dimensional flow problems considered in our work.
description: 30 pages, 11 figures
Low-temperature behaviour of social and economic networks
Creators: name: Garlaschelli, Diego
name: Ahnert, Sebastian E.
name: Fink, Thomas M. A.
name: Caldarelli, Guido
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Real-world social and economic networks typically display a number of particular topological properties, such as a giant connected component, a broad degree distribution, the small-world property and the presence of communities of densely interconnected nodes. Several models, including ensembles of networks also known in social science as Exponential Random Graphs, have been proposed with the aim of reproducing each of these properties in isolation. Here we define a generalized ensemble of graphs by introducing the concept of graph temperature, controlling the degree of topological optimization of a network. We consider the temperature-dependent version of both existing and novel models and show that all the aforementioned topological properties can be simultaneously understood as the natural outcomes of an optimized, low-temperature topology. We also show that seemingly different graph models, as well as techniques used to extract information from real networks, are all found to be particular low-temperature cases of the same generalized formalism. One such technique allows us to extend our approach to real weighted networks. Our results suggest that a low graph temperature might be an ubiquitous property of real socio-economic networks, placing conditions on the diffusion of information across these systems.
Figures and raw data in "Bio-mediated enhancement of supergene copper mineralization: evidences from Cu isotope geochemistry".
Creators: name: Rey-Samper, J. Javier
name: Tornos, Fernando
name: Mathur, Ryan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 370303
subject: Isotope geochemistry

description: Here, you can find the figures and raw Excel data used in the manuscript titled "Bio-mediated enhancement of supergene copper mineralization: evidences from Cu isotope geochemistry."
Interplay between reflection positivity and crossing symmetry in the bootstrap approach to CFT
Creators: name: Lanosa, Leandro
name: Leston, Mauricio
name: Passaglia, Mario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Crossing symmetry (CS) is the main tool in the bootstrap program applied to CFT models. This consists in an equality which imposes restrictions on the CFT data of a model, i.e, the OPE coefficients and the conformal dimensions. Reflection positivity (RP) has also played a role, since this condition lead to the unitary bound and reality of the OPE coefficients. In this paper we show that RP can still reveal more information, showing how RP itself can capture an important part of the restrictions imposed by the full CS equality. In order to do that, we use a connection used by us in a previous work between RP and positive definiteness of a function of a single variable. This allows to write constraints on the OPE coefficients in a concise way, encoding in the conditions that certain functions of the crossratio will be positive defined and in particular completely monotonic. We will consider how the bounding of scalar conformal dimensions and OPE coefficients arise in this RP based approach. We will illustrate the conceptual and practical value of this view trough examples of general CFT models in $d$-dimensions.
description: 29 pages, comments added
Regularity of weak solutions to higher order elliptic systems in critical dimensions
Creators: name: Guo, Chang-Yu
name: Xiang, Chang-Lin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we develop an elementary and unified treatment, in the spirit of Rivière and Struwe (Comm. Pure. Appl. Math. 2008), to explore regularity of weak solutions of higher order geometric elliptic systems in critical dimensions without using conservation law. As a result, we obtain an interior Hölder continuity for solutions of the higher order elliptic system of de Longueville and Gastel \cite{deLongueville-Gastel-2019} in critical dimensions $$Δ^{k}u=\sum_{i=0}^{k-1}Δ^{i}\left\langle V_{i},du\right\rangle +\sum_{i=0}^{k-2}Δ^{i}δ\left(w_{i}du\right) \quad \text{in } B^{2k},$$ under critical regularity assumptions on the coefficient functions. This verifies an expectation of Rivière, and provides an affirmative answer to an open question of Struwe in dimension four when $k=2$. The Hölder continuity is also an improvement of the continuity result of Lamm and Rivière and de Longueville and Gastel.
description: 24 pages
Emergence of homochirality in large molecular systems
Creators: name: Laurent, Gabin
name: Lacoste, David
name: Gaspard, Pierre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The selection of a single molecular handedness, or homochirality across all living matter, is a mystery in the origin of life. Frank's seminal model showed in the fifties how chiral symmetry breaking can occur in non-equilibrium chemical networks. However, an important shortcoming in this classic model is that it considers a small number of species, while there is no reason for the prebiotic system, in which homochirality first appeared, to have had such a simple composition. Furthermore, this model does not provide information on what could have been the size of the molecules involved in this homochiral prebiotic system. Here, we show that large molecular systems are likely to undergo a phase transition towards a homochiral state, as a consequence of the fact that they contain a large number of chiral species. Using chemoinformatics tools, we quantify how abundant are chiral species in the chemical universe of all possible molecules of a given length. Then, we propose that Frank's model should be extended to include a large number of species, in order to possess the transition towards homochirality as confirmed by numerical simulations. Finally, using random matrix theory, we prove that large non-equilibrium reaction networks possess a generic and robust phase transition towards a homochiral state.
FLEx database exports for community members
Creators: name: Butler, Lynnika
name: Geary, Quirina
name: Warner, Natasha
name: Van Volkinburg, Heather
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: css

description: 31 XML files. Separated by chapter. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/). If you wish to cite this material or use it for additional analyses or publications, please attempt to contact a member of the Mutsun community, starting with co-author Quirina Geary (qgeary@tamien.org). This is not for permission, but to keep the community informed of what is being published about them.
Effects of Winds on the Optical Properties of Type Ib and Ic Supernova Progenitors
Creators: name: Jung, Moo-Keon
name: Yoon, Sung-Chul
name: Kim, Hyun-Jeong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the effects of winds on the observational properties of Type Ib and Ic supernova (SN Ib/Ic) progenitors using spectral models constructed with the non-LTE stellar atmospheric code CMFGEN. We consider SN Ib/Ic progenitor models of the final mass range of 2.16 -- 9.09~$M_\odot$ having different surface temperatures and chemical compositions, and calculate the resulting spectra for various wind mass-loss rates and wind terminal velocities. We find that the progenitors having an optically thick wind would become brighter in the optical for a higher mass-loss rate (or a lower wind terminal velocity), because of the formation of the photosphere in the extended wind matter and the contribution from free-free and line emissions from the wind. As a result, for the standard Wolf-Rayet wind mass-loss rate, helium-deficient compact SN Ic progenitors would be brighter in the optical by $\sim$3 mag compared to the case without the wind effects. We also find that the color dependence on the photospheric temperature is non-monotonic because of the wind effects. Our results imply that inferring the progenitor mass, bolometric luminosity and effective temperature from the optical observation using the standard stellar evolution model prediction can be misleading. By comparing our fiducial model predictions with the detection limits of the previous SN Ib/Ic progenitor searches, we conclude that a deep search with an optical absolute magnitude larger than $\sim -4$ is needed to directly identify most of the ordinary SN Ib/Ic progenitors. We discuss implications of our results for the observed SN Ib/Ic progenitor candidates for iPTF13bvn, SN 2019yvr and SN 2017ein.
description: 32 pages, 18 figures, 5 tables ; accepted for publication in ApJ
Exact inequalities for sums of asymmetric random variables, with applications
Creators: name: Pinelis, Iosif
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60E15; 60G50; 60G42; 60G48; 62F03; 62F25; 62G10; 60G15; 60E05; 62E10; 62G35

description: Let $\BS_1,...,\BS_n$ be independent identically distributed random variables each having the standardized Bernoulli distribution with parameter $p\in(0,1)$. Let $m_*(p):=(1+p+2p^2)/(2\sqrt{p-p^2}+4p^2)$ if $0
description: 41 pages; a minor inaccuracy in Remark 1.4 is corrected; a few references and short comments are added
Effect of MHD wind-driven disk evolution on the observed sizes of protoplanetary disks
Creators: name: Trapman, Leon
name: Tabone, Benoit
name: Rosotti, Giovanni
name: Zhang, Ke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is still unclear whether the evolution of protoplanetary disks, a key ingredient in the theory of planet formation, is driven by viscous turbulence or magnetic disk winds. As viscously evolving disks expand outward over time, the evolution of disk sizes is a discriminant test for studying disk evolution. However, it is unclear how the observed disk size changes over time if disk evolution is driven by magnetic disk winds. Combining the thermochemical code DALI with the analytical wind-driven disk evolution model presented in Tabone et al. (2021a), we study the time evolution of the observed gas outer radius as measured from CO rotational emission ($R_{\rm CO, 90\%}$). The evolution of $R_{\rm CO, 90\%}$ is driven by the evolution of the disk mass, as the physical radius stays constant over time. For a constant $α_{\rm DW}$, an extension of the $α-$Shakura-Sunyaev parameter to wind-driven accretion, $R_{\rm CO, 90\%}$ decreases linearly with time. Its initial size is set by the disk mass and the characteristic radius $R_c$, but only $R_c$ affects the evolution of $R_{\rm CO, 90\%}$, with a larger $R_c$ resulting in a steeper decrease of $R_{\rm CO, 90\%}$. For a time-dependent $α_{\rm DW}$ $R_{\rm CO, 90\%}$ stays approximately constant during most of the disk lifetime until $R_{\rm CO, 90\%}$ rapidly shrinks as the disk dissipates. The constant $α_{\rm DW}$-models are able to reproduce the observed gas disk sizes in the $\sim1-3$ Lupus and $\sim5-11$ Myr old Upper Sco star-forming regions. However, they likely overpredict the gas disk size of younger $(\lessapprox0.7\ \mathrm{Myr})$ disks.
description: 22 pages, 16 figures, accepted in ApJ
Continuously Tunable Charge in Andreev Quantum Dots
Creators: name: Sadovskyy, I. A.
name: Lesovik, G. B.
name: Blatter, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that a quantum dot connected via tunnel barriers to superconducting leads traps a continuously tunable and hence fractional charge. The fractional charge on the island is due to particle-hole symmetry breaking and can be tuned via a gate potential acting on the dot or via changes in the phase difference across the island. We determine the groundstate, equilibrium, and excitation charges and show how to identify these quantities in an experiment.
description: 5 pages, 2 Postscript figures; minor corretions
Machine-learning prediction of infrared spectra of interstellar polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
Creators: name: Kovacs, Peter
name: Zhu, Xiaosi
name: Carrete, Jesus
name: Madsen, Georg K. H.
name: Wang, Zhao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We design and train a neural network (NN) model to efficiently predict the infrared spectra of interstellar polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) with a computational cost many orders of magnitude lower than what a first-principles calculation would demand. The input to the NN is based on the Morgan fingerprints extracted from the skeletal formulas of the molecules and does not require precise geometrical information such as interatomic distances. The model shows excellent predictive skill for out-of-sample inputs, making it suitable for improving the mixture models currently used for understanding the chemical composition and evolution of the interstellar medium. We also identify the constraints to its applicability caused by the limited diversity of the training data and estimate the prediction errors using a ensemble of NNs trained on subsets of the data. With help from other machine-learning methods like random forests, we dissect the role of different chemical features in this prediction. The power of these topological descriptors is demonstrated by the limited effect of including detailed geometrical information in the form of Coulomb matrix eigenvalues.
description: 8 figures
K-Band Imaging of the Nearby, Clumpy Turbulent Disk Galaxy DYNAMO G04-1
Creators: name: White, Heidi A.
name: Fisher, Deanne B.
name: Abraham, Roberto G.
name: Glazebrook, Karl
name: Obreschkow, Danail
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a case study of stellar clumps in G04-1, a clumpy, turbulent disk galaxy located at $z$ = 0.13 from the DYNAMO sample, using adaptive optics enabled K-band imaging ($\sim2.25$ kpc/arcsec) with Keck/NIRC2. We identify 15 stellar clumps in G04-1 with a range of masses from $3.6 \times 10^{6}$ to $2.7 \times 10^{8}\ \rm M_{\odot}$, and with a median mass of $\sim2.9 \times 10^{7}\ \rm M_{\odot}$. Note that these masses decrease by about one-half when we apply a light correction for the underlying stellar disk. A majority (12 of 15) of clumps observed in the $K_{P}$-band imaging have associated components in H$α$ maps ($\sim2.75$ kpc/arcsec; $ \sim$500 pc) and appear co-located ($\overline{Δx} \sim 0.1$ arcsec). Using Hubble Space Telescope WFC/ACS observations with the F336W and F467M filters, we also find evidence of radial trends in clump stellar properties: clumps closer to the centre of G04-1 are more massive (consistent with observations at high-$z$) and appear more red, suggesting they may be more evolved. Using our high-resolution data, we construct a star forming main sequence for G04-1 in terms of spatially-resolved quantities and find that all regions (both clump and intra-clump) within the galaxy are experiencing an enhanced mode of star formation routinely observed in galaxies at high-$z$. In comparison to recent simulations, our observation of a number of clumps with masses $10^{7}-10^{8}\ \rm M_{\odot}$ is not consistent with strong radiative feedback in this galaxy.
description: 18 pages, 7 figures. Accepted to The Astrophysical Journal (ApJ)
Automatic Volumetric Segmentation of Additive Manufacturing Defects with 3D U-Net
Creators: name: Wong, Vivian Wen Hui
name: Ferguson, Max
name: Law, Kincho H.
name: Lee, Yung-Tsun Tina
name: Witherell, Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Segmentation of additive manufacturing (AM) defects in X-ray Computed Tomography (XCT) images is challenging, due to the poor contrast, small sizes and variation in appearance of defects. Automatic segmentation can, however, provide quality control for additive manufacturing. Over recent years, three-dimensional convolutional neural networks (3D CNNs) have performed well in the volumetric segmentation of medical images. In this work, we leverage techniques from the medical imaging domain and propose training a 3D U-Net model to automatically segment defects in XCT images of AM samples. This work not only contributes to the use of machine learning for AM defect detection but also demonstrates for the first time 3D volumetric segmentation in AM. We train and test with three variants of the 3D U-Net on an AM dataset, achieving a mean intersection of union (IOU) value of 88.4%.
description: Accepted by AAAI 2020 Spring Symposia
Resurrecting the Red from the Dead: Optical Properties of BCGs in X-ray Luminous Clusters
Creators: name: Bildfell, C.
name: Hoekstra, H.
name: Babul, A.
name: Mahdavi, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present measurements of surface brightness and colour profiles for the brightest cluster galaxies (BCGs) in a sample of 48 X-ray luminous galaxy clusters. These data were obtained as part of the Canadian Cluster Comparison Project (CCCP). The Kormendy relation of our BCGs is steeper than that of the local ellipticals, suggesting differences in the assembly history of these types of systems. We also find that while most BCGs show monotonic colour gradients consistent with a decrease in metallicity with radius, 25% of the BCGs show colour profiles that turn bluer towards the centre (blue-cores). We interpret this bluing trend as evidence for recent star formation. The excess blue light leads to a typical offset from the red sequence of 0.5 to 1.0 mag in (g'-r'), thus affecting optical cluster studies that may reject the BCG based on colour. All of the blue-core BCGs are located within ~10 kpc of the peak in the cluster X-ray emission. Furthermore, virtually all of the BCGs with recent star formation are in clusters that lie above the Lx-Tx relation. Based on photometry alone, these findings suggest that central star formation is a ubiquitous feature of BCGs in dynamically relaxed cool-core clusters. This implies that while AGNs and other heating mechanisms are effective at tempering cooling, they do not full compensate for the energy lost via radiation.
description: 20 pages, 11 figures, 3 tables. Accepted to MNRAS Updated text in Introduction and Conclusion Sections
FLEx database exports for the public
Creators: name: Butler, Lynnika
name: Geary, Quirina
name: Warner, Natasha
name: Van Volkinburg, Heather
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: css

description: 31 XML files. Separated by chapter. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/). If you wish to cite this material or use it for additional analyses or publications, please attempt to contact a member of the Mutsun community, starting with co-author Quirina Geary (qgeary@tamien.org). This is not for permission, but to keep the community informed of what is being published about them.
Mid-Infrared Ethane Emission on Neptune and Uranus
Creators: name: Hammel, H. B.
name: Lynch, D. K.
name: Russell, R. W.
name: Sitko, M. L.
name: Bernstein, L. S.
name: Hewagama, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report 8- to 13-micron spectral observations of Neptune and Uranus from the NASA Infrared Telescope Facility spanning more than a decade. The spectroscopic data indicate a steady increase in Neptune's mean atmospheric 12-micron ethane emission from 1985 to 2003, followed by a slight decrease in 2004. The simplest explanation for the intensity variation is an increase in stratospheric effective temperature from 155 +/- 3 K in 1985 to 176 +/- 3 K in 2003 (an average rate of 1.2 K/year), and subsequent decrease to 165 +/- 3 K in 2004. We also detected variation of the overall spectral structure of the ethane band, specifically an apparent absorption structure in the central portion of the band; this structure arises from coarse spectral sampling coupled with a non-uniform response function within the detector elements. We also report a probable direct detection of ethane emission on Uranus. The deduced peak mole fraction is approximately an order of magnitude higher than previous upper limits for Uranus. The model fit suggests an effective temperature of 114 +/- 3 K for the globally-averaged stratosphere of Uranus, which is consistent with recent measurements indicative of seasonal variation.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ. 16 pages, 10 figures, 2 tables
Medium effects on the van der Waals force
Creators: name: Tomas, M. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the van der Waals interaction between two ground-state atoms embedded in adjacent semi-infinite magnetodielectric media, with emphasis on medium effects on it. We demonstrate that, in this case, at small atom-atom distances the van der Waals interaction is screened by the surrounding media in the same way as in an effective (single) medium. At larger atomic distances, however, its dependence on the material parameters of the system and the positions of the atoms is more complex. We also calculate the Casimir-Polder potential of an atom A arising from a uniform distribution of atoms B in the medium across the interface. Comparison of this potential with the corresponding result deduced from the Casimir force on a thin composite slab in front of a composite semi-infinite medium, both obeying the Clausius-Mossotti relation, suggests a hint on how to improve a well-known formula for the van der Waals potential with respect to the local-field effects.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, presented at Brijuni Conference X: Imaging in Space and Time, Brijuni, Croatia, August 28 - September 01, 2006
Integral models in unramified mixed characteristic (0,2) of hermitian orthogonal Shimura varieties of PEL type, Part II
Creators: name: Vasiu, Adrian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11E57, 11G10, 11G15, 11G18, 14F30, 14G35, 14K10, 14L05, 20G25

description: We construct relative PEL type embeddings in mixed characteristic (0,2) between hermitian orthogonal Shimura varieties of PEL type. We use this to prove the existence of integral canonical models in unramified mixed characteristic (0,2) of hermitian orthogonal Shimura varieties of PEL type.
description: 24 pages, final version to appear in Math. Nachr. Part I is available as math.NT/0307205
The Evolution of Disk Winds from a Combined Study of Optical and Infrared Forbidden Lines
Creators: name: Pascucci, I.
name: Banzatti, A.
name: Gorti, U.
name: Fang, M.
name: Pontoppidan, K.
name: Alexander, R.
name: Ballabio, G.
name: Edwards, S.
name: Salyk, C.
name: Sacco, G.
name: Flaccomio, E.
name: Blake, G. A.
name: Carmona, A.
name: Hall, C.
name: Kamp, I.
name: Kaufl, H. U.
name: Meeus, G.
name: Meyer, M.
name: Pauly, T.
name: Steendam, S.
name: Sterzik, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze high-resolution (dv=<10km/s) optical and infrared spectra covering the [OI] 6300 angstrom and [NeII] 12.81 micron lines from a sample of 31 disks in different evolutionary stages. Following work at optical wavelengths, we use Gaussian profiles to fit the [NeII] lines and classify them into HVC (LVC) if the line centroid is more (less) blueshifted than 30 km/s with respect to the stellar radial velocity. Unlike for the [OI] where a HVC is often accompanied by a LVC, all 17 sources with a [NeII] detection have either a HVC or a LVC. [NeII] HVCs are preferentially detected toward high accretors (Macc > 10$^{-8}$ Msun/yr) while LVCs are found in sources with low Macc, low [OI] luminosity, and large infrared spectral index (n13-31). Interestingly, the [NeII] and [OI] LVC luminosities display an opposite behaviour with n13-31: as the inner dust disk depletes (higher n13-31) the [NeII] luminosity increases while the [OI] weakens. The [NeII] and [OI] HVC profiles are generally similar with centroids and FWHMs showing the expected behaviour from shocked gas in micro-jets. In contrast, the [NeII] LVC profiles are typically more blueshifted and narrower than the [OI] profiles. The FWHM and centroid vs. disk inclination suggest that the [NeII] LVC predominantly traces unbound gas from a slow, wide-angle wind that has not lost completely the Keplerian signature from its launching region. We sketch an evolutionary scenario that could explain the combined [OI] and [NeII] results and includes screening of hard (~1keV) X-rays in inner, mostly molecular, MHD winds.
description: Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal
Learnable Spectro-temporal Receptive Fields for Robust Voice Type Discrimination
Creators: name: Vuong, Tyler
name: Xia, Yangyang
name: Stern, Richard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Voice Type Discrimination (VTD) refers to discrimination between regions in a recording where speech was produced by speakers that are physically within proximity of the recording device ("Live Speech") from speech and other types of audio that were played back such as traffic noise and television broadcasts ("Distractor Audio"). In this work, we propose a deep-learning-based VTD system that features an initial layer of learnable spectro-temporal receptive fields (STRFs). Our approach is also shown to provide very strong performance on a similar spoofing detection task in the ASVspoof 2019 challenge. We evaluate our approach on a new standardized VTD database that was collected to support research in this area. In particular, we study the effect of using learnable STRFs compared to static STRFs or unconstrained kernels. We also show that our system consistently improves a competitive baseline system across a wide range of signal-to-noise ratios on spoofing detection in the presence of VTD distractor noise.
description: Accepted Interspeech 2020. Video: http://www.interspeech2020.org/index.php?m=content&c=index&a=show&catid=311&id=712