cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Studying protein assembly with reversible Brownian dynamics of patchy particles
Creators: name: Klein, Heinrich C. R.
name: Schwarz, Ulrich S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Subcellular Processes (q-bio.SC)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Assembly of protein complexes like virus shells, the centriole, the nuclear pore complex or the actin cytoskeleton is strongly determined by their spatial structure. Moreover it is becoming increasingly clear that the reversible nature of protein assembly is also an essential element for their biological function. Here we introduce a computational approach for the Brownian dynamics of patchy particles with anisotropic assemblies and fully reversible reactions. Different particles stochastically associate and dissociate with microscopic reaction rates depending on their relative spatial positions. The translational and rotational diffusive properties of all protein complexes are evaluated on-the-fly. Because we focus on reversible assembly, we introduce a scheme which ensures detailed balance for patchy particles. We then show how the macroscopic rates follow from the microscopic ones. As an instructive example, we study the assembly of a pentameric ring structure, for which we find excellent agreement between simulation results and a macroscopic kinetic description without any adjustable parameters. This demonstrates that our approach correctly accounts for both the diffusive and reactive processes involved in protein assembly.
description: Revtex, 41 pages, 9 figures, includes some small corrections compared to first version
Testing microphysics data
Creators: name: Walczak, Przemysław
name: Daszyńska-Daszkiewicz, Jadwiga
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High precision asteroseismic data provide a unique opportunity to test input microphysics such as stellar opacities, chemical composition or equation of state. These tests are possible because pulsational frequencies as well as amplitudes and phases of the light variations are very sensitive to the internal structure of a star. We can therefore compute pulsation models and compare them with observations. The agreement or differences should tell us whether some models are adequate or not, and which input data need to be improved.
description: Proceedings IAU Symposium No. 301
Ultrafast dynamics of electrons excited by femtosecond laser pulses: spin polarization and spin-polarized currents
Creators: name: Busch, Oliver
name: Ziolkowski, Franziska
name: Mertig, Ingrid
name: Henk, Jürgen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Laser radiation incident on a ferromagnetic sample produces excited electrons and currents whose spin polarization must not be aligned with the magnetization -- an effect due to spin-orbit coupling that is ubiquitous in spin- and angle-resolved photoemission. In this Paper, we report on a systematic investigation of the dynamics of spin polarization and spin-polarized currents produced by femtosecond laser pulses, modeled within our theoretical framework EVOLVE. The spin polarization depends strongly on the properties of the laser pulse and on the sample composition, as is shown by comparing results for Cu(100), Co(100), and a Co/Cu heterostructure. We find a transition from coherence before the laser pulse's maximum to incoherence thereafter. Moreover, the time dependence of the spin-polarization components induced by spin-orbit coupling differ significantly in Cu and Co: in Cu, we find long-period oscillations with tiny rapid modulations, whereas in Co prominent rapid oscillations with long period ones are superimposed. The pronounced spatial dependencies of the signals underline the importance of inhomogeneities, in particular magnetic/non-magnetic interfaces `act as source' for ultrafast spin-polarization effects. Our investigation provides detailed insight into electron dynamics during and shortly after a femtosecond laser excitation.
Assessment of the Scientific Information for the Radiation Exposure Screening and Education Program
Publisher: name: Online Ethics Center
Year: 2016
Subjects: Catastrophes, Hazards, Disasters
Environmental Justice
Ethics and Society
Governance
Human Rights
Law and Public Policy
Public Well-being
Safety
Social Justice
Social Responsibility

description: Link to the National Academies Report,Assessment of the Scientific Information for the Radiation Exposure Screening and Education Program
Magnon blockade in magnon-qubit systems
Creators: name: Jin, Zhu-yao
name: Jing, Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A hybrid system established by the direct interaction between a magnon mode and a superconducting transmon qubit is used to realize a high-degree blockade for magnon. It is a fundamental way toward quantum manipulation at the level of a single magnon and preparation of single magnon sources. Through weakly driving the magnon and probing the qubit, our magnon-blockade proposal can be optimized when the transversal coupling strength between the magnon and qubit is equivalent to the detuning of the qubit and the probing field or that of the magnon and the driving field. Under this condition, the equal-time second-order correlation function $g^{(2)}(0)$ can be analytically minimized when the probing intensity is about three times the driving intensity. Moreover, the magnon blockade could be further enhanced by proper driving intensity and system decay rate, whose magnitudes outrange the current systems of cavity QED and cavity optomechanics. In particular, the correlation function achieves $g^{(2)}(0)\sim10^{-7}$, about two orders lower than that for the photon blockade in cavity optomechanics. Also, we discuss the effects on $g^{(2)}(0)$ from thermal noise and the extra longitudinal interaction between the magnon and qubit. Our optimized conditions for blockade are found to persist in these nonideal situations.
Using Covariant Lyapunov Vectors to Quantify High Dimensional Chaos with a Conservation Law
Creators: name: Barbish, Johnathon
name: Paul, Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We explore the high dimensional chaos of a one-dimensional lattice of diffusively coupled tent maps using the covariant Lyapunov vectors (CLVs). We investigate the connection between the dynamics of the maps in the physical space and the dynamics of the covariant Lyapunov vectors and covariant Lyapunov exponents that describe the direction and growth (or decay) of small perturbations in the tangent space. We explore the tangent space splitting into physical and transient modes and find that the splitting persists for all of the conditions we explore. In general, the leading CLVs are highly localized in space and the CLVs become more delocalized with increasing Lyapunov index. We consider the dynamics with a conservation law whose strength is controlled by a parameter that can be continuously varied. Our results indicate that a conservation law delocalizes the spatial variation of the CLVs. We find that when a conservation law is present, the leading CLVs are entangled with fewer of their neighboring CLVs than in the absence of a conservation law.
Transport of bound quasiparticle states in a two-dimensional boundary superfluid
Creators: name: Autti, S.
name: Haley, R. P.
name: Jennings, A.
name: Pickett, G. R.
name: Poole, M.
name: Schanen, R.
name: Soldatov, A. A.
name: Tsepelin, V.
name: Vonka, J.
name: Zavjalov, V. V.
name: Zmeev, D. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The B phase of superfluid 3He can be cooled into the pure superfluid regime, where the thermal quasiparticle density is negligible. The bulk superfluid is surrounded by a quantum well at the boundaries of the container, confining a sea of quasiparticles with energies below that of those in the bulk. We can create a non-equilibrium distribution of these states within the quantum well and observe the dynamics of their motion indirectly. Here we show that the induced quasiparticle currents flow diffusively in the two-dimensional system. Combining this with a direct measurement of energy conservation, we conclude that the bulk superfluid 3He is effectively surrounded by an independent two-dimensional superfluid, which is isolated from the bulk superfluid but which readily interacts with mechanical probes. Our work shows that this two-dimensional quantum condensate and the dynamics of the surface bound states are experimentally accessible, opening the possibility of engineering two-dimensional quantum condensates of arbitrary topology.
description: 11 pages, 9 figures
Zero modes of the generalized fermion-vortex system in magnetic field
Creators: name: Lu, Chi-Ken
name: Seradjeh, Babak
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that Dirac fermions moving in two spatial dimensions with a generalized dispersion $E\sim p^N$, subject to an external magnetic field and coupled to a complex scalar field carrying a vortex defect with winding number $Q$ acquire $NQ$ zero modes. This is the same as in the absence of the magnetic field. Our proof is based on selection rules in the Landau level basis that dictate the existence and the number of the zero modes. We show that the result is insensitive to the choice of geometry and is naturally extended to general field profiles, where we also derive a generalization of the Aharonov-Casher theorem. Experimental consequences of our results are briefly discussed.
description: 4 pages, 1 fig and 4+ pages, 3 figs (supplemental)
Intentional Human Dosing Studies for EPA Regulatory Purposes: Scientific and Ethical Issues
Publisher: name: Online Ethics Center
Year: 2016
Subjects: Catastrophes, Hazards, Disasters
Conflict of Interest
Corporate Social Responsibility
Ethics and Society
Governance
Human Rights
Human Subjects Research
Law and Public Policy
Public Well-being
Risk
Safety
Social Responsibility

description: Link to the National Academies Report,Intentional Human Dosing Studies for EPA Regulatory Purposes: Scientific and Ethical Issues
Asymptotic behaviour for a phase-field model with hysteresis in one-dimensional thermo-visco-plasticity
Creators: name: Klein, Olaf
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Phase-field systems
subject: phase transitions
subject: hysteresis operators
subject: thermo-visco-plasticity
subject: asymptotic behaviour
subject: 74N30
subject: 35B40
subject: 47J40
subject: 34C55
subject: 35K60
subject: 74K05

description: The asymptotic behaviour for t → ∞ of the solutions to a one-dimensional model for thermo-visco-plastic behaviour is investigated in this paper. The model consists of a coupled system of nonlinear partial differential equations, representing the equation of motion, the balance of the internal energy, and a phase evolution equation, determining the evolution of a phase variable. The phase evolution equation can be used to deal with relaxation processes. Rate-independent hysteresis effects in the strain-stress law and also in the phase evolution equation are described by using the mathematical theory of hysteresis operators.
Additional file 5 of Distinct microbial assemblages associated with genetic selection for high- and low- muscle yield in rainbow trout
Creators: name: Chapagain, Pratima
name: Walker, Donald
name: Leeds, Tim
name: Cleveland, Beth M.
name: Salem, Mohamed
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics

description: Additional file 5. Comparison of gut and environmental samples.
Boosting Line Intensity Map Signal-to-Noise with the Ly-$α$ Forest Cross-Correlation
Creators: name: Qezlou, Mahdi
name: Bird, Simeon
name: Lidz, Adam
name: Sun, Guochao
name: Newman, Andrew B.
name: Rudie, Gwen C.
name: Ni, Yueying
name: Croft, Rupert
name: Di Matteo, Tiziana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We forecast the prospects for cross-correlating future line intensity mapping (LIM) surveys with the current and future Ly-$α$ forest data. We use large cosmological hydrodynamic simulations to model the expected emission signal for the CO rotational transition in the COMAP LIM experiment at the 5-year benchmark and the Ly-$α$ forest absorption signal for various surveys, including eBOSS, DESI, and PFS. We show that CO$\times$Ly-$α$ forest can significantly enhance the detection signal-to-noise ratio of CO, with a $200$ to $300 \%$ improvement when cross-correlated with the forest observed in the Prime Focus Spectrograph (PFS) survey and a $50$ to $75\%$ enhancement for the currently available eBOSS or the upcoming DESI observations. We compare to the signal-to-noise improvements expected for a galaxy survey and show that CO$\times$Ly-$α$ is competitive with even a spectroscopic galaxy survey in raw signal-to-noise. Furthermore, our study suggests that the clustering of CO emission is tightly constrained by CO$\times$Ly-$α$ forest, due to the increased signal-to-noise ratio and the simplicity of Ly-$α$ absorption power spectrum modeling. Any foreground contamination or systematics are expected not to be shared between LIM surveys and Ly-$α$ forest observations; this provides an unbiased inference. Our findings highlight the potential benefits of utilizing the Ly-$α$ forest to aid in the initial detection of signals in line intensity experiments. For example, we also estimate that [CII]$\times$Ly-$α$ forest measurements from EXCLAIM and DESI/eBOSS, respectively, should have a larger signal-to-noise ratio than planned [CII]$\times$quasar observations by about an order of magnitude. Our results can be readily applied to actual data thanks to the observed quasar spectra in eBOSS Stripe 82, which overlaps with several LIM surveys.
description: Codes and the produced data are available at https://github.com/qezlou/lali
Access to Research Data in the 21st Century: An Ongoing Dialogue Among Interested Parties
Publisher: name: Online Ethics Center
Year: 2016
Subjects: Conflict of Interest
Data Management
Ethics and Society
Governance
Law and Public Policy
Public Well-being
Responsible Innovation
Social Responsibility

description: Link to the National Academies Report,Access to Research Data in the 21st Century: An Ongoing Dialogue Among Interested Parties
Entanglement in conformal field theory and holography
Creators: name: Callebaut, Nele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In these notes we give a pedagogical account of the replica trick derivation of CFT entanglement and its holographic counterpart, i.e. the Lewkowycz Maldacena derivation of the Ryu-Takayanagi formula. The application to an 'island set-up' for the calculation of black hole radiation entropy is briefly discussed. Further topics focused on are the relation to thermal entropy, thermofield double constructions and statements about the emergence of gravity from entanglement through reinterpretations of gravitational first laws.
description: v2: matches published version. This is a preprint of a chapter published in Gravity, Cosmology, and Astrophysics: A Journey of Exploration and Discovery with Female Pioneers, edited by B. Hartmann and J. Kunz, 2023, Springer, reproduced with permission of Springer Nature Switzerland AG. The final authenticated version is available online at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-42096-2_10
Improved Difference Images for Change Detection Classifiers in SAR Imagery Using Deep Learning
Creators: name: Alatalo, Janne
name: Sipola, Tuomo
name: Rantonen, Mika
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Satellite-based Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) images can be used as a source of remote sensed imagery regardless of cloud cover and day-night cycle. However, the speckle noise and varying image acquisition conditions pose a challenge for change detection classifiers. This paper proposes a new method of improving SAR image processing to produce higher quality difference images for the classification algorithms. The method is built on a neural network-based mapping transformation function that produces artificial SAR images from a location in the requested acquisition conditions. The inputs for the model are: previous SAR images from the location, imaging angle information from the SAR images, digital elevation model, and weather conditions. The method was tested with data from a location in North-East Finland by using Sentinel-1 SAR images from European Space Agency, weather data from Finnish Meteorological Institute, and a digital elevation model from National Land Survey of Finland. In order to verify the method, changes to the SAR images were simulated, and the performance of the proposed method was measured using experimentation where it gave substantial improvements to performance when compared to a more conventional method of creating difference images.
NuSTAR J163433-4738.7: A Fast X-ray Transient in the Galactic Plane
Creators: name: Tomsick, John A.
name: Gotthelf, Eric V.
name: Rahoui, Farid
name: Assef, Roberto J.
name: Bauer, Franz E.
name: Bodaghee, Arash
name: Boggs, Steven E.
name: Christensen, Finn E.
name: Craig, William W.
name: Fornasini, Francesca M.
name: Grindlay, Jonathan
name: Hailey, Charles J.
name: Harrison, Fiona A.
name: Krivonos, Roman
name: Natalucci, Lorenzo
name: Stern, Daniel
name: Zhang, William W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: During hard X-ray observations of the Norma spiral arm region by the Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array (NuSTAR) in 2013 February, a new transient source, NuSTAR J163433-4738.7, was detected at a significance level of 8-sigma in the 3-10 keV bandpass. The source is consistent with having a constant NuSTAR count rate over a period of 40 ks and is also detected simultaneously by Swift at lower significance. The source is not significantly detected by NuSTAR, Swift, or Chandra in the days before or weeks after the discovery of the transient, indicating that the strong X-ray activity lasted for between ~0.5 and 1.5 days. Near-IR imaging observations were carried out before and after the X-ray activity, but we are not able to identify the counterpart. The combined NuSTAR and Swift energy spectrum is consistent with a power-law with a photon index of Gamma = 4.1(+1.5)(-1.0) (90% confidence errors), a blackbody with kT = 1.2+/-0.3 keV, or a bremsstrahlung model with kT = 3.0(+2.1)(-1.2) keV. The reduced-chi2 values for the three models are not significantly different, ranging from 1.23 to 1.44 for 8 degrees of freedom. The spectrum is strongly absorbed with NH = 2.8(+2.3)(-1.4)e23 cm-2, 9(+15)(-7)e22 cm-2, and 1.7(+1.7)(-0.9)e23 cm-2, for the power-law, blackbody, and bremsstrahlung models, respectively. Although the high column density could be due to material local to the source, it is consistent with absorption from interstellar material along the line of sight at a distance of 11 kpc, which would indicate an X-ray luminosity >1e34 erg/s. Although we do not reach a definitive determination of the nature of NuSTAR J163433-4738.7, we suggest that it may be an unusually bright active binary or a magnetar.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, published as ApJ, 785, 4. The name of the source has been revised to NuSTAR J163433-4738.7 in order to comply with the IAU format for NuSTAR sources
Towards supporting simultaneous use of process-based quality approaches
Creators: name: Kelemen, Zádor Dániel
name: Balla, Katalin
name: Trienekens, Jos
name: Kusters, Rob
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper we describe the first steps of a PhD programme, having the goal to develop a common meta-model for different software quality approaches and methods. We focus on presenting the structure of quality approaches emphasizing the similarities amongst them. Understanding the structure of quality approaches helps supporting organizations in using multiple quality approaches and methods in the same time.
Supercavity Modes in Stacked Identical Mie-resonant Metasurfaces
Creators: name: Zhang, Xia
name: Bradley, A. Louise
name: Zhang, Xin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Modes with a high-$Q$ factor are crucial for photonic metadevices with advanced functionalities. In sharp contrast to recent techniques which generate a supercavity mode by bound states in the continuum via symmetry breaking, we reveal a general and new route, by stacking two parallel and identical Mie-resonant metasurfaces with an air separation. The supercavity mode can be designed by the established theoretical model by overlapping Mie resonant modes with tailor-made Fabry-Pérot modes. The simplified system, with free-space field concentration which can exist in plane as well as out of plane of the metasurfaces, provides for ease of integration with added matter, creating exciting different opportunities for the study of fundamental light-matter coupling. This work deepens our understanding of light manipulation using metasurfaces. It paves a different and general route for generating supercavity modes which can be easily engineered and controlled for different applications of all dielectric metaoptics.
Search for a pseudoscalar boson produced in decays of the 125 GeV Higgs boson and decaying into $\tau$ leptons
Creators: name: Perez Adan, Danyer
name: Consuegra Rodriguez, Sandra
name: Gallo-Voss, Elisabetta
name: Lenz, Teresa
name: Kalogeropoulos, Alexis
name: Raspereza, Alexei
name: Choudhury, Somnath
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2018

description: Terascale Alliance Annual Meeting, Terascale2018, Hamburg, Germany, 26 Nov 2018 - 28 Nov 2018
description: A search is presented for pairs of very light pseudoscalar bosons, produced in the decay of the 125 GeV Higgs boson, and each decaying to pairs of τ leptons. This search is based on proton-proton collision data collected by the CMS experiment at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb−1. The search is performed for the pseudoscalar boson in the mass range between 4 and 15 GeV.
Additional file 1 of Parents’ understanding and motivation to take part in a randomized controlled trial in the field of adolescent mental health: a qualitative study
Creators: name: O’Keeffe, Sally
name: Weitkamp, Katharina
name: Isaacs, Danny
name: Target, Mary
name: Eatough, Virginia
name: Midgley, Nick
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. : Parent interview schedule.
Additional file 3 of Oral corticosteroids for post-infectious cough in adults: study protocol for a double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial in Swiss family practices (OSPIC trial)
Creators: name: Merlo, Christoph
name: Essig, Stefan
name: D. Oana Brancati-Badarau
name: Leuppi, Jörg Daniel
name: Speich, Benjamin
name: Erlanger, Tobias E.
name: Hemkens, Lars G.
name: Zeller, Andreas
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases

description: Additional file 3.
Global cold curve. New representation for zero-temperature isotherm in whole density range
Creators: name: Iosilevskiy, Igor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Non-standard representation for so-called "cold curve" of matter (i.e. isotherm $T = 0$) is proposed as Global Cold Curve (GCC). The main point is that chemical potential of substance, $μ$, plays role of ruling parameter in basic GCC-dependence of internal energy under compression, $U = U(μ)$, in contrast to the standard form $U = U(ρ)$. This substitution changes radically low-density ("gaseous") part of GCC. Namely: ($i$) - physically meaningless part of standard cold curve $(U(ρ)$ at $T \rightarrow 0)$ disappears totally from new version of GCC. This deleted part corresponded to absolutely thermodynamically unstable states in standard representation $U(ρ)$; ($ii$) - new gaseous branch of cold curve, $U = U(μ)$, comes in GCC. It describes in simple, schematic way thermodynamics of whole gas-like plasma in low-temperature limit (Iosilevskiy: arXiv:0902.3708) as combination of all ionization and dissociation processes available for equilibrium plasma at finite temperature. This gaseous branch corresponds to thermodynamically stable and metastable states only. The only quantities that display themselves as meaningful details of new gaseous zero-temperature isotherm are combination of binding energies for all complexes (atomic, molecular and ionic) in their ground states, together with sublimation energy of gas-crystal phase transition ("energy scale" of material). Gaseous branch of GCC conjugate naturally with corresponding branch (cold curve) of condensed phase. New GCC form, $U = U(μ)$, no more contains meaningless part of traditional form $U(ρ)$ between gaseous and crystalline spinodals. The simple schematic structure ("ionization stairs"), which is typical for new form of cold curve in ultra-low densities, appears again as "composition stairs" in ultra-high densities in typical conditions of interiors in compact stars (P.Haensel et al.)
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, 15 refs. Presented at the Int. Conference "Physics of Extreme State of Matter", 1-6 February 2010, Elbrus, Russia
New results in CMS using CASTOR
Creators: name: Klundert, Merijn Van De
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2018

description: LHC Working Group on Forward Physics and Diffraction, LHCFWD2018, CERN, Geneva, Switzerland, 18 Dec 2018 - 19 Dec 2018
XYZ Physis prospects at the Belle II Experiment
Creators: name: Guo, Aiqiang
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2018

description: 2nd International Workshop on High Intensity Electron-Positron Accelerator , HIEPA 2018, Beijing, China, 18 Mar 2018 - 21 Mar 2018
title: Risk-Based Bonus Payments for the Patient-Centered Medical Home
Creators: name: Ash, Arlene S.
name: Ellis, Randall P.
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2011

description: Background

The Patient-Centered Medical Home (PCMH) requires fundamental reform of health care financing. We propose a Risk-Based Comprehensive Payment system with risk-adjusted base and bonus payments.

Bundled base payments cover the expected cost of primary care services but do not encourage quality. Bonus payments incentivize desired outcomes by rewarding better-than-expected performance in clinical quality, efficiency, and patient-centeredness.

Base and bonus payments require credible risk adjustment to discourage practices from cherry-picking easy patients and dumping difficult ones.

Methods

We estimated models to predict thirteen cost and utilization measures in 17.4 million commercially insured people using diagnoses, age, and sex from Thomson-Reuters MarketScan® 2007 claims data.

Using the same data, we imputed assignment of 456,781 people to 436 medium-sized primary care practitioner (PCP) panels (500 – 5000 patients).

For each measure, a PCP’s performance is judged by summing the difference between observed (O) and expected (E) outcomes across panel members.

For each outcome we calculated: mean; coefficient of variation, or CV = SD/mean; and both individual and grouped R2 as measures of predictive accuracy

Results

Using risk models to calculate expected outcomes explained 29-49% of the observed patient-level and 85-98% of practice-level variation in performance, with differential variability.

Deviation from the mean in total health spending is more variable at the PCP level than other more targeted measures.
title: BMI, Gestational Weight Gain and Angiogenic Biomarker Profiles for Preeclampsia Risk
Creators: name: Moore Simas, Tiffany A.
name: Maynard, Sharon E.
name: Liao, Xun
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2011

description: Background

    In May 2009, after considering short and long-term maternal/child outcomes, the Institute of Medicine (IOM) revised recommendations for gestational weight gain (GWG); however preeclampsia was dismissed due to insufficient evidence. IOM 2009

    Since change in recommendations, epidemiologic studies have since been published that support an association between GWG adherence and hypertensive disease of pregnancy. AJOG 2009;200(2):167.e1-7

    Numerous studies have revealed adipose tissue's ability to stimulate angiogenesis. Cardiovascular Res 2008;78(2):286-93

Objective

To evaluate preeclampsia risk by angiogenic-biomarker profile by both BMI and GWG-adherence.

Hypothesis

We hypothesized that overweight/obese (OW-OB) women and over-gainers (OG) would have altered angiogenic profiles as compared to underweight/normal-weight (U-N) women and under-/appropriate-gainers (U-AG), respectively.

Conclusions

    Findings suggest trends that OW-OB BMI and excessive GWG associated with angiogenic biomarker profiles consistent with higher preeclampsia risk by end of gestation.

    BMI and GWG as potentially modifiable factors merit further investigation for preeclampsia risk alteration.
Orbit based procedure for doublets of scalar fields and the emergence of triple kinks and other defects
Creators: name: de Brito, G. P.
name: Dutra, A. de Souza
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we offer an approach to enlarge the number of exactly solvable models with two real scalar fields in (1+1)D. We build some new two-field models, and obtain their exact orbits and exact or numerical field configurations. It is noteworthy that a model presenting triple-kinks and double-flat-top lumps is among those new models.
Doing Global Science: A Guide to Responsible Conduct in the Global Research Enterprise
Publisher: name: Online Ethics Center
Year: 2016
Subjects: Animal Use
Bias in Research
Collaboration
Community and Participatory Research
Confidentiality
Conflict of Interest
Controversies
Data Management
Diversity
Dual Use Research
Ethics and Society
Grant Management
Human Subjects Research
Mentors and Trainees
Organizational Climate
Privacy and Surveillance
Public Well-being
Publication Ethics
Reproducibility
Research Misconduct
Responsible Innovation
Safety
Security
Social Responsibility
Whistleblowing
Workplace Ethics

description: Link to theInterAcademy Partnership guide,https://www.interacademies.org/publication/doing-global-science-guide-responsible-conduct-global-research-enterprise
Fast Point Cloud Generation with Diffusion Models in High Energy Physics
Creators: name: Mikuni, Vinicius
name: Nachman, Benjamin
name: Pettee, Mariel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many particle physics datasets like those generated at colliders are described by continuous coordinates (in contrast to grid points like in an image), respect a number of symmetries (like permutation invariance), and have a stochastic dimensionality. For this reason, standard deep generative models that produce images or at least a fixed set of features are limiting. We introduce a new neural network simulation based on a diffusion model that addresses these limitations named Fast Point Cloud Diffusion (FPCD). We show that our approach can reproduce the complex properties of hadronic jets from proton-proton collisions with competitive precision to other recently proposed models. Additionally, we use a procedure called progressive distillation to accelerate the generation time of our method, which is typically a significant challenge for diffusion models despite their state-of-the-art precision.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures
Integrated and differential fiducial cross-section measurements for the vector boson fusion production of the Higgs boson in the $H \rightarrow WW^{\ast}\rightarrow eνμν$ decay channel at 13 $\text{TeV}$ with the ATLAS detector
Creators: name: ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The vector-boson production cross-section for the Higgs boson decay in the $H \rightarrow WW^{\ast} \rightarrow eνμν$ channel is measured as a function of kinematic observables sensitive to the Higgs boson production and decay properties as well as integrated in a fiducial phase space. The analysis is performed using the proton-proton collision data collected by the ATLAS detector in Run 2 of the LHC at $\sqrt{s}= 13$ $\text{TeV}$ center-of-mass energy corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 139 fb$^{-1}$. The different flavor final state is studied by selecting an electron and a muon originating from a pair of $W$ bosons and compatible with the Higgs boson decay. The data are corrected for the effects of detector inefficiency and resolution, and the measurements are compared with different state-of-the-art theoretical predictions. The differential cross-sections are used to constrain anomalous interactions described by dimension-six operators in an Effective Field Theory.
description: 73 pages in total, author list starting page 56, 22 figures, 5 tables, submitted to Phys. Rev. D. All figures including auxiliary figures are available at https://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/HIGG-2020-25/
ROPPERI - A TPC readout with GEMs, pads and Timepix
Creators: name: Einhaus, Ulrich
name: Kaminski, Jochen
name: Caselle, Michele
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2018

description: 4th MT student retreat, Berlin, DESY, Universität Hamburg, Universität Bonn, KIT, Germany, 11 Jun 2018 - 12 Jun 2018
Guidelines on expressing group membership and role information
Creators: name: AARC Community Members
name: AppInt Members
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Federated Identity Management
AARC
Access Management

description: Information about the groups a user is a member of is commonly used by SPs to authorise user access to protected resources. Apart from the group information that is managed by the user’s home IdP, research communities usually operate their own group managing services. Such services often act as Attribute Authorities, maintaining additional information about the users, including VO membership, group membership within VOs, as well as user roles. It is therefore necessary that all involved SPs and IdPs/AAs caninterpret this information in a uniform way.
Thermodynamics of a transient phantom scenario
Creators: name: Cruz, Miguel
name: Lepe, Samuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This work is devoted to the thermodynamics description of a phantom scenario proposed previously by the authors. The presence of negative chemical potential is unavoidable if we allege for a well defined thermodynamics framework since the cosmological model passages from phantom stage at present time to a future de Sitter evolution. As noted earlier in other works, we find that the negativity of the chemical potential is necessary to save phantom dark energy from thermodynamics inconsistencies.
description: 7 pages, 1 figure. Published version in Physics of the Dark Universe
Power Law and Logarithmic Ricci Dark Energy Models in Horava-Lifshitz Cosmology
Creators: name: Pasqua, Antonio
name: Chattopadhyay, Surajit
name: Khurshudyan, Martiros
name: Myrzakulov, Ratbay
name: Hakobyan, Margarit
name: Movsisyan, Artashes
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we studied the Power Law and the Logarithmic Entropy Corrected versions of the Ricci Dark Energy (RDE) model in a spatially non-flat universe and in the framework of Hořava-Lifshitz cosmology. For the two cases containing non-interacting and interacting RDE and Dark Matter (DM), we obtained the exact differential equation that determines the evolutionary form of the RDE energy density parameter. Moreover, we obtained the expressions of the deceleration parameter $q$ and, using a parametrization of the equation of state (EoS) parameter $ω_D$ as $ω_D\left(z\right)=ω_0+ω_1 z$, we derived the expressions of both $ω_0$ and $ω_1$. We interestingly found that the expression of $ω_0$ is the same for both non-interacting and interacting case. The expression of $ω_1$ for the interacting case has strong dependence from the interacting parameter $b^2$. The parameters derived in this work are done in small redshift approximation and for low redshift expansion of the EoS parameter.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1101.1774 by other authors
When do we need to account for the geometric phase in excited state dynamics ?
Creators: name: Ryabinkin, Ilya G.
name: Joubert-Doriol, Loic
name: Izmaylov, Artur F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the role of the geometric phase (GP) in an internal conversion process when the system changes its electronic state by passing through a conical intersection (CI). Local analysis of a two-dimensional linear vibronic coupling (LVC) model Hamiltonian near the CI shows that the role of the GP is twofold. First, it compensates for a repulsion created by the so-called diagonal Born-Oppenheimer correction (DBOC). Second, the GP enhances the non-adiabatic transition probability for a wave-packet part that experiences a central collision with the CI. To assess the significance of both GP contributions we propose two indicators that can be computed from parameters of electronic surfaces and initial conditions. To generalize our analysis to N-dimensional systems we introduce a reduction of a general N-dimensional LVC model to an effective 2D LVC model using a mode transformation that preserves short-time dynamics of the original N-dimensional model. Using examples of the bis(methylene) adamantyl and butatriene cations, and the pyrazine molecule we have demonstrated that their effective 2D models reproduce the short-time dynamics of the corresponding full dimensional models, and the introduced indicators are very reliable in assessing GP effects.
A Centrality Detector Concept
Creators: name: Tarafdar, Sourav
name: Citron, Zvi
name: Milov, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nucleus-nucleus impact parameter and collision geometry of a heavy ion collision are typically characterized by assigning a collision "centrality". In all present heavy ion experiments centrality is measured indirectly, by detecting the number of particles or the energy of the particles produced in the interactions, typically at high rapidity. Centrality parameters are associated to the measured detector response using the Glauber model. This approach suffers from systematic uncertainties related to the assumptions about the particle production mechanism and limitations of the Glauber model. In the collider based experiments there is a unique possibility to measure centrality parameters by registering spectator fragments remaining from the collision. This approach does not require model assumptions and relies on the fact that spectators and participants are related via the total number of nucleons in the colliding species. This article describes the concept of the centrality detector for heavy ion experiment, which measures the total mass number of all fragments by measuring their deflection in the magnetic field of the collider elements.
description: 19 pages, 11 figures
Additional file 2 of Oral corticosteroids for post-infectious cough in adults: study protocol for a double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial in Swiss family practices (OSPIC trial)
Creators: name: Merlo, Christoph
name: Essig, Stefan
name: D. Oana Brancati-Badarau
name: Leuppi, Jörg Daniel
name: Speich, Benjamin
name: Erlanger, Tobias E.
name: Hemkens, Lars G.
name: Zeller, Andreas
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases

description: Additional file 2. Copy of the original funding documentation, Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF), Investigator Initiated Clinical Trials grant (IICT 2018 call, 33IC30_179657 3)
Indications for an influence of Hot Jupiters on the rotation and activity of their host stars
Creators: name: Poppenhaeger, K.
name: Wolk, S. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The magnetic activity of planet-hosting stars is an important factor to estimate the atmospheric stability of close-in exoplanets and the age of their host stars. It has long been speculated that close-in exoplanets can influence the stellar activity level. However, testing for tidal or magnetic interaction effects in samples of planet-hosting stars is difficult because stellar activity hinders exoplanet detection, so that stellar samples with detected exoplanets show a bias towards low activity for small exoplanets. We aim to test if exoplanets in close orbits influence the stellar rotation and magnetic activity of their host stars, and have developed a novel approach to test for such systematic activity enhancements. We use wide (several 100 AU) binary systems in which one of the stellar components is known to have an exoplanet, while the second stellar component does not have a detected planet and therefore acts as a negative control. We use the stellar coronal X-ray emission as an observational proxy for magnetic activity, and analyze observations performed with Chandra and XMM-Newton. We find that in two systems for which strong tidal interaction can be expected the planet-hosting primary displays a much higher magnetic activity level than the planet-free secondary. In three systems for which weaker tidal interaction can be expected the activity levels of both stellar components are in agreement. Our observations indicate that the presence of Hot Jupiters may inhibit the spin-down of host stars with thick outer convective layers. Possible causes for such an effect include a transfer of angular momentum from the planetary orbit to the stellar rotation through tidal interaction, or differences during the early evolution of the system, where the host star may decouple from the protoplanetary disk early due to a gap opened by the forming Hot Jupiter.
description: added missing reference, corrected typo. Appeared in Astronomy and Astrophysics, Volume 565, id.L1, 5 pp
Mining the VVV: star formation and embedded clusters
Creators: name: Solin, Otto
name: Haikala, Lauri
name: Ukkonen, Esko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The aim of this study is to locate previously unknown stellar clusters from the VISTA variables in the Vía Láctea Survey (VVV) catalogue data. The method, fitting a mixture model of Gaussian densities and background noise using the expectation maximization algorithm to a pre-filtered NIR survey stellar catalogue data, was developed by the authors for the UKIDSS Galactic Plane Survey (GPS). The search located 88 previously unknown mainly embedded stellar cluster candidates and 39 previously unknown sites of star formation in the 562 deg2 covered by VVV in the Galactic bulge and the southern disk.
Exact and lower bounds for the quantum speed limit in finite dimensional systems
Creators: name: Johnsson, Mattias T.
name: van Luijk, Lauritz
name: Burgarth, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A fundamental problem in quantum engineering is determining the lowest time required to ensure that all possible unitaries can be generated with the tools available, which is one of a number of possible quantum speed limits. We examine this problem from the perspective of quantum control, where the system of interest is described by a drift Hamiltonian and set of control Hamiltonians. Our approach uses a combination of Lie algebra theory, Lie groups and differential geometry, and formulates the problem in terms of geodesics on a differentiable manifold. We provide explicit lower bounds on the quantum speed limit for the case of an arbitrary drift, requiring only that the control Hamiltonians generate a topologically closed subgroup of the full unitary group, and formulate criteria as to when our expression for the speed limit is exact and not merely a lower bound. These analytic results are then tested and confirmed using a numerical optimization scheme. Finally we extend the analysis to find a lower bound on the quantum speed limit in the common case where the system is described by a drift Hamiltonian and a single control Hamiltonian.
description: 13 pages
Additional file 2 of Meal replacement in dietary management of type-2 diabetes mellitus: a scoping review protocol
Creators: name: Chen, Lew Leong
name: Ludin, Arimi Fitri Mat
name: Shahar, Suzana
name: Manaf, Zahara Abdul
name: Noorlaili Mohd Tohit
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2. Data extraction form