cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Theory and application of optimal linear resolution to MRI truncation artifacts, multiexponential decays and in vivo multiple sclerosis pathology
Creators: name: Cover, Keith Sean
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: It is widely believed that one of the best way to proceed when analysing data is to generate estimates which fit the data. However, when the relationship between the unknown model and data is linear for highly underdetermined systems, is it common practice to find estimates with good linear resolution with no regard for fitting the data. For example, windowed Fourier transforms produces estimates that have good linear resolution but do not fit the data. Surprisingly, many researchers do not seem to be explicitly aware of this fact. This thesis presents a theoretical basis for the linear resolution which demonstrates that, for a wide range of problems, algorithms which produce estimates with good linear resolution can be a more powerful and convenient way of presenting the information in the data, than models that fit the data. Linear resolution was also applied to two outstanding problems in linear inverse theory. The first was the problem of truncation artifacts in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Truncation artifacts were heavily suppressed or eliminated by the choice of one of two novel Fourier transform windows. Complete elimination of truncation artifacts generally led to unexpectedly blurry images. Heavy suppression seemed to be the best compromise between truncation artifacts and blurriness. The second problem was estimating the relaxation distribution of a multiexponential system from its decay curve. This is an example where hundreds of papers have been written on the subject, yet almost no one has made a substantial effort to apply linear resolution. I found the application to be very successful. As an example, the algorithm was applied to the decay of MRI data from multiple sclerosis patients in an attempt to differentiate between various pathologies.
Electromagnetic instabilities of low-beta alpha/proton beams in space plasmas
Creators: name: Rehman, M. A.
name: Shaaban, S. M.
name: Yoon, P. H.
name: Lazar, M.
name: Poedts, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Relative drifts between different species or particle populations are characteristic to solar plasma outflows, e.g., in the fast streams of the solar winds, coronal mass ejections and interplanetary shocks. This paper characterizes the dispersion and stability of the low-beta alpha/proton drifts in the absence of any intrinsic thermal anisotropies, which are usually invoked in order to stimulate various instabilities. The dispersion relations derived here describe the full spectrum of instabilities and their variations with the angle of propagation and plasma parameters. The results unveil a potential competition between instabilities of the electromagnetic proton cyclotron and alpha cyclotron modes. For conditions specific to a low-beta solar wind, e.g., at low heliocentric distances in the outer corona, the instability operates on the alpha cyclotron branch. The growth rates of the alpha cyclotron mode are systematically stimulated by the (parallel) plasma beta and/or the alpha-proton temperature ratio. One can therefore expect that this instability develops even in the absence of temperature anisotropies, with potential to contribute to a self-consistent regulation of the observed drift of alpha particles.
description: Accepted for publication at Astrophysics and Space Science
Measuring Quantity-Constrained and Maximum Prices Consumers are Willing to Pay for Quality Improvements: the Case of Organic Beef Meat
Creators: name: Corsi, Alessandro
name: Novelli, Silvia
name: Corsi, Alessandro
name: Novelli, Silvia
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Organic meat
subject: willingness-to-pay
subject: double-bounded probit

description: In this paper, models for estimating the maximum price consumers are willing to pay (MPWTP) for organic beef meat, and the maximum quantity-constrained price (i.e., when buying the same quantity they bought of regular meat) consumers are willing to pay (MQCP), are presented. To this purpose, the relevant theoretical and econometric approaches are presented, based on the RUM model and on a Contingent Valuation technique.
Additional file 2 of Financial reimbursement - irrelevant for GPs’ readiness to implement brief intervention to reduce alcohol consumption? A cross-sectional vignette study
Creators: name: Fankhaenel, Thomas
name: Schulz, Katrin
name: Lars-Eric Petersen
name: Klement, Andreas
name: Frese, Thomas
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 2.
Particle size dependence of magnetization and phase transition near T_N in multiferroic BiFeO3
Creators: name: Mazumder, R.
name: Ghosh, S.
name: Mondal, P.
name: Bhattacharya, Dipten
name: Dasgupta, S.
name: Das, N.
name: Sen, A.
name: Tyagi, A. K.
name: Sivakumar, M.
name: Takami, T.
name: Ikuta, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report results of a comprehensive study of the phase transition at T_N (~643 K) as a function of particle size in multiferroic BiFeO3 system. We employed electrical, thermal, and temperature dependent X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies in order to characterize the transition in a host of samples. We also carried out detailed magnetic measurements over a temperature regime 2-300 K under a magnetic field 100-10000 Oe both on bulk and nano-crystalline systems. While in the bulk system a sharp endothermic peak at T_N together with a broad feature, ranging over nearly ~150 K (Delta_T), could be observed in calorimetry, the nanoscale systems exhibit only the broad feature. The characteristic dielectric anomaly, expected at T_N, is found to occur both at T_O and T_N across Delta_T in the bulk sample. The Maxwell-Wagner component due to interfaces between heterogenous regions with different conductivities is also present. The magnetic properties, measured at lower temperature, corroborate our observations in calorimetry. The metastability increases in the nanoscale BiFeO3 with divergence between zero-field cooled (ZFC) and field cooled (FC) magnetization below ~100 K and faster magnetic relaxation. Interestingly, in nanoscale BiFeO3, one also observes finite coercivity at lower temperature which points out that suitable design of particle size and shape may induce ferromagnetism. The inhomogeneous distribution of Bi/Fe-ions and/or oxygen non-stoichiometry seems to be giving rise to broad features in thermal, magnetic as well as in electrical responses.
description: 22 pages including 9 figures, pdf only, submitted to J. Appl. Phys
Dombois, Hans, Ordnung und Unordnung in der Kirche
Creators: name: Scheuner, Ulrich
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 8 Nr. 1 (1959): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 8, Heft 1
PRICE INCENTIVES, NON-PRICE FACTORS, AND AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA: A COINTEGRATION ANALYSIS
Creators: name: Thiele, Rainer
name: Thiele, Rainer
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Production Economics

description: This paper deals with the question of how responsive farmers in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) are to changes in incentives. Employing Johansen's multivariate cointegration approach and covering the period 1965-99, it investigates for ten selected SSA countries the long-run effect of pricing policies,macroeconomic distortions, and certain non-price factors on agricultural production. I turns out that - in those cases where cointegration relationships are found - estimated supply elasticities tend to lie between 0.20 and 0.50. Among the non-price factors, drought episodes have significantly impaired agricultural growth in six out of ten sample countries. Technical progress as measured by a simple deterministic trend has only had a minor impact on output.
Additional file 1 of IMPARO: inferring microbial interactions through parameter optimisation
Creators: name: Rajith Vidanaarachchi
name: Shaw, Marnie
name: Tang, Sen-Lin
name: Halgamuge, Saman
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1 Illustrated Example of Community Dynamics Model
The Unconditional Uniqueness for the Energy-critical Nonlinear Schrödinger Equation on $\mathbb{T}^{4}$
Creators: name: Chen, Xuwen
name: Holmer, Justin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the $\mathbb{T}^{4}$ cubic NLS which is energy-critical. We study the unconditional uniqueness of solution to the NLS via the cubic Gross-Pitaevskii hierarchy, an uncommon method, and does not require the existence of solution in Strichartz type spaces. We prove $U$-$V$ multilinear estimates to replace the previously used Sobolev multilinear estimates, which fail on $\mathbb{T}^{4}$. To incorporate the weaker estimates, we work out new combinatorics from scratch and compute, for the first time, the time integration limits, in the recombined Duhamel-Born expansion. The new combinatorics and the $U$-$V$ estimates then seamlessly conclude the $H^{1}$ unconditional uniqueness for the NLS under the infinite hierarchy framework. This work establishes a unified schemes to prove $H^{1}$ uniqueness for the $\mathbb{R}^{3}/\mathbb{R}^{4}/\mathbb{T}^{3}/\mathbb{T}^{4}$ energy-critical Gross-Pitaevskii hierarchies and thus the corresponding NLS.
The effects of electron beam irradiation and infusion of L-ascorbic acid on the preservation of quality of fresh ground beef patties
Creators: name: Wong, Peter Yan Yung
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The objectives of this thesis were to assess the effectiveness of electron beam irradiation (e ⁻ beam) at 5, 10 and 20 kGy in reducing bacterial count in fresh ground beef patties of 4, 17 and 30% fat and to evaluate the effects of infusing L-ascorbic acid (LAA) into beef carcasses on the quality of irradiated fresh ground beef patties of 4, 17 and 30% fat. Aqueous and emulsion model systems, exposed to ultraviolet and electron beam irradiation, were first used to determine the catalytic activity of hemoglobin, the depletion of LAA and the effects of LAA and e" beam on the degree of lipid oxidation. Hemoglobin generated 50% less hydroxyl radicals than ferrous chloride in the Fenton reaction, indicating minor catalytic activity. An increase in irradiation dosage and storage time drastically decreased the concentration of lOmM L-ascorbic acid. Both ultraviolet and e" beam irradiation induced lipid oxidation in a dose-dependent manner, which was further enhanced by the prooxidant activity of 10 mM LAA. The 500 mM LAA exhibited the opposite effect. The effectiveness of electron beam irradiation in controlling microbial growth was then evaluated in ground beef patties made from LAA infused beef carcasses. Viable bacteria were not detected in ground beef patties receiving irradiation at dosages of 5, 10 and 20 kGy. The addition of tallow to increase total crude fat content in the beef patties led to an increase in bacterial counts. An increase in pH of patties was could have been attributed to the metabolic by-product generated by microorganisms. Finally, the physicochemical characteristics of the infused ground beef patties were evaluated. An increase in irradiation dosages resulted in an increase in lipid oxidation in the beef patties. LAA also increased lipid oxidation, as well as, deoxymyoglobin oxidation in the beef patties. Higher fat content resulted in higher lipid oxidation and pigment oxidation in the beef patties. Hardness attribute of the ground beef patty was significantly increased by the addition of fat. In general, the application of low dosage of e ⁻ beam to lean ground beef patties without the addition of LAA is optimum in preserving quality.
THEFT AND RURAL POVERTY: RESULTS OF A NATURAL EXPERIMENT
Creators: name: Fafchamps, Marcel
name: Minten, Bart
name: Fafchamps, Marcel
name: Minten, Bart
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Food Security and Poverty

description: This paper investigates the relationship between theft and poverty in rural areas. Following a disputed presidential election, fuel supply to the highlands of Madagascar was severely curtailed in early 2002, resulting in a massive -- if temporary -- increase in poverty. This situation constituted a natural experiment of the effect of poverty on theft. Using original survey data collected in June 2002 at the height of the crisis, we find that crop theft increases with poverty and that an increase in law enforcement personnel reduces cattle theft, a form of organized crime. Results suggest that theft is used by some of the rural poor as a risk coping strategy. Increased transport costs led to a rise in cattle and crop theft, suggesting that isolation raises crime.
Affine curvature homogeneous 3-dimensional Lorentz Manifolds
Creators: name: Gilkey, P.
name: Nikcevic, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a family of 3-dimensional Lorentz manifolds. Some members of the family are 0-curvature homogeneous, 1-affine curvature homogeneous, but not 1-curvature homogeneous. Some are 1-curvature homogeneous but not 2-curvature homogeneous. All are 0-modeled on indecomposible local symmetric spaces. Some of the members of the family are geodesically complete, others are not. All have vanishing scalar invariants.
Constructive Quantum Field Theory
Creators: name: Gallavotti, Giovanni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A review of the renormalization group approach to the proof of non perturbative ultraviolet stability in scalar field theories in dimension d=2,3.
description: Plain TeX
SPATIAL ANALYSIS OF SOIL FERTILITY MANAGEMENT USING INTEGRATED HOUSEHOLD AND GIS DATA FROM SMALLHOLDER KENYAN FARMS
Creators: name: Staal, Steven J.
name: Romney, D.
name: Baltenweck, Isabelle
name: Waithaka, Michael M.
name: Muriuki, H.
name: Njoroge, L.
name: Staal, Steven J.
name: Romney, D.
name: Baltenweck, Isabelle
name: Waithaka, Michael M.
name: Muriuki, H.
name: Njoroge, L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: spatial analysis
subject: soil fertility
subject: market access
subject: technology adoption.

description: Although soil fertility is recognized as a primary constraint to agricultural production in developing countries, use of fertilizer in Sub-Saharan Africa is declining. Smallholder farmers still rely heavily on livestock manure for soil fertility management. To explore the determinants of soil fertility management practices, including both the use of cattle manure and inorganic fertilizer, data are used from a sample of 3,330 geo-referenced farm households across Central and Western Kenya. A bivariate probit model is applied to jointly examine the use of the two technologies. Particular attention is given to measures of location related to market access and agroclimate, which in the adoption literature have typically been addressed using crude proxies. To avoid such proxies, GIS-derived variables are integrated into the household decision model. Their use also allows the spatial prediction of uptake based on parameter estimates. The results show clearly the derived-demand nature of soil fertility services, based on markets for farm outputs. They also illustrate that supply of manure for soil fertility amendments is conditioned by demand for livestock products, especially milk. The integration of GIS-derived variables is shown to better estimate the effects of location than the usual measures employed, and offers scope to wider use in technology adoption research.
Probing the Sagittarius stream with blue horizontal branch stars
Creators: name: Clewley, L.
name: Jarvis, Matt J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present 2-degree field spectroscopic observations of a sample of 96 A-type stars selected from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 3 (SDSS DR3). Our aim is to identify blue horizontal branch (BHB) stars in order to measure the kinematic properties of the tidal tails of the Sagittarius dwarf spheroidal galaxy. We confine our attention to the 44 classifiable stars with spectra of signal-to-noise ratio >15 per angstrom. Classification produces a sample of 29 BHB stars at distances 5-47 kpc from the Sun. We split our sample into three bins based on their distance. We find 10 of the 12 stars at 14-25 kpc appear to have coherent, smoothly varying radial velocities which are plausibly associated with old debris in the Sagittarius tidal stream. Further observations along the orbit and at greater distances are required to trace the full extent of this structure on the sky. Three of our BHB stars in the direction of the globular cluster Palomar (Pal) 5 appear to be in an overdensity but are in the foreground of Pal 5. More observations are required around this overdensity to establish any relation to Pal 5 and/or the Sgr stream. We emphasize observations of BHB stars have unlimited potential for providing accurate velocity and distance information in old distant halo streams and globular clusters alike. The next generation multi-object spectrographs provide an excellent opportunity to accurately trace the full extent of such structures.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures, Accepted for publication in MNRAS
The FIRST-Optical-VLA Survey for Lensed Radio Lobes
Creators: name: Haarsma, D. B.
name: Winn, J. N.
name: Falco, E. E.
name: Kochanek, C. S.
name: Ammar, P.
name: Boersma, C.
name: Fogwell, S.
name: Muxlow, T. W. B.
name: McLeod, B. A.
name: Lehar, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results from a survey for gravitationally lensed radio lobes. Lensed lobes are a potentially richer source of information about galaxy mass distributions than lensed point sources, which have been the exclusive focus of other recent surveys. Our approach is to identify radio lobes in the FIRST catalog and then search optical catalogs for coincident foreground galaxies, which are candidate lensing galaxies. We then obtain higher-resolution images of these targets at both optical and radio wavelengths, and obtain optical spectra for the most promising candidates. We present maps of several radio lobes that are nearly coincident with galaxies. We have not found any new and unambiguous cases of gravitational lensing. One radio lobe in particular, FOV J0743+1553, has two hot spots that could be multiple images produced by a z=0.19 spiral galaxy, but the lensing interpretation is problematic.
description: 38 pages, 18 figures, aastex, accepted to AJ
Measuring Performance of Generative Adversarial Networks on Devanagari Script
Creators: name: Warkhandkar, Amogh G.
name: Sharief, Baasit
name: Bhambure, Omkar B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: The working of neural networks following the adversarial philosophy to create a generative model is a fascinating field. Multiple papers have already explored the architectural aspect and proposed systems with potentially good results however, very few papers are available which implement it on a real-world example. Traditionally, people use the famous MNIST dataset as a Hello, World! example for implementing Generative Adversarial Networks (GAN). Instead of going the standard route of using handwritten digits, this paper uses the Devanagari script which has a more complex structure. As there is no conventional way of judging how well the generative models perform, three additional classifiers were built to judge the output of the GAN model. The following paper is an explanation of what this implementation has achieved.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
Ring Exchange Mechanism for Triplet Superconductivity in a Two-Chain Hubbard Model: Possible Relevance to Bechgaard Salts
Creators: name: Ohta, Y.
name: Nishimoto, S.
name: Shirakawa, T.
name: Yamaguchi, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The density-matrix renormalization group method is used to study the ground state of the two-chain zigzag-bond Hubbard model at quarter filling. We show that, with a proper choice of the signs of hopping integrals, the ring exchange mechanism yields ferromagnetic spin correlations between interchain neighboring sites, and produces the attractive interaction between electrons as well as the long-range pair correlations in the spin-triplet channel, thereby leading the system to triplet superconductivity. We argue that this novel mechanism may have possible relevance to observed superconductivity in Bechgaard salts.
Professor Mike Gale FRS Publications 1970 – 2007 from MICHAEL DENIS GALE. 25 August 1943—18 July 2009
Creators: name: Flavell, Richard B.
name: Snape, John W.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Michael (Mike) Gale was an internationally well-known crop geneticist with a career devoted mostly to wheat genetics. However, he also studied rice, maize, pearl millet and fox millet for the benefit of agriculture in developing countries. He brought new knowledge and techniques into plant breeding that made a difference to crop improvement worldwide. Noteworthy is his team's leadership in (i) defining the genetic basis of dwarfism in wheat, the major genetic innovation underlying the previously achieved ‘green revolution’ in wheat production; (ii) expanding knowledge of ‘pre-harvest sprouting’, which occurs in many wheat varieties growing in temperate climates, which reduces their flour quality and value; (iii) developing the first comprehensive genetic maps of wheat based on isozymic and DNA-based molecular markers; and (iv) developing the comparative genetics of grasses based on the conserved order of genes on chromosome segments, consistent with the evolution of the species from a common ancestor. These discoveries had a major impact in plant genetics. His team also provided the worldwide cereal geneticists and breeding communities with technologies and genetic markers that accelerated the development of cereal genetics and facilitated more efficient plant breeding. He made major and influential contributions to international agricultural research, particularly targeted at developing countries, through his participation on international and national committees, including those of the Consultative Group for International Agricultural Research. His contribution helped to drive the international research agenda for crop genetics, plant breeding and plant science generally.
MPEC 2024-T242 : 2024 TZ9
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2024 TZ9

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Exploring Algorithmic Fairness in Robust Graph Covering Problems
Creators: name: Rahmattalabi, Aida
name: Vayanos, Phebe
name: Fulginiti, Anthony
name: Rice, Eric
name: Wilder, Bryan
name: Yadav, Amulya
name: Tambe, Milind
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Fueled by algorithmic advances, AI algorithms are increasingly being deployed in settings subject to unanticipated challenges with complex social effects. Motivated by real-world deployment of AI driven, social-network based suicide prevention and landslide risk management interventions, this paper focuses on robust graph covering problems subject to group fairness constraints. We show that, in the absence of fairness constraints, state-of-the-art algorithms for the robust graph covering problem result in biased node coverage: they tend to discriminate individuals (nodes) based on membership in traditionally marginalized groups. To mitigate this issue, we propose a novel formulation of the robust graph covering problem with group fairness constraints and a tractable approximation scheme applicable to real-world instances. We provide a formal analysis of the price of group fairness (PoF) for this problem, where we show that uncertainty can lead to greater PoF. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach on several real-world social networks. Our method yields competitive node coverage while significantly improving group fairness relative to state-of-the-art methods.
description: Accepted at 2019 Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems
Additional file 1 of Comparative analysis of the biomechanical behavior of two different design metaphyseal-fitting short stems using digital image correlation
Creators: name: Tatani, I.
name: P. Megas
name: A. Panagopoulos
name: I. Diamantakos
name: Ph. Nanopoulos
name: Sp. Pantelakis
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Superimposition of the implant template-matched radiographs of the intact femurs on those of the implanted femurs.
THE IMPACT OF FOOD SCARES ON PRICE TRANSMISSION IN INTER-RELATED MARKETS
Creators: name: Lloyd, Tim A.
name: Morgan, C. Wyn
name: McCorriston, Steve
name: Rayner, Anthony J.
name: Lloyd, Tim A.
name: Morgan, C. Wyn
name: McCorriston, Steve
name: Rayner, Anthony J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis

description: This paper is concerned with the impact of the BSE crisis in the UK and focuses on the spread between retail and farm prices. From a theoretical perspective we show that if market power has an effect on the spread between retail and farm prices then this determines the specification of the co-integrating relationship. We also account for different aspects of the BSE crisis including the shift in the retail demand function as well as the shift in the farm supply function due to the mutually opposing effects of a worldwide export ban and the cull of infected and older beef cattle. The empirical results suggest that the impact of the BSE crisis on farm prices to be more than double that of retail prices, the main cause of the change in the retail-farm price spread being the shift in the consumer demand function. Our calculations suggest that the numbers removed via the cull offset the loss of exports, so that the net effect of the BSE crisis on prices is due to the depressed stated of demand. In addition, the results also suggest that we cannot reject the importance of market power in the UK food sector in influencing the retail-farm spread following the outbreak of BSE. This result corroborates the findings of the UK's competition authority, whose recent report found supermarkets undertaking certain practices that were judged to be against the public interest.
Channel Parameter Estimation for Millimeter-Wave Cellular Systems with Hybrid Beamforming
Creators: name: Fazal-E-Asim
name: Antreich, Felix
name: Cavalcante, Charles C.
name: de Almeida, André L. F.
name: Nossek, Josef A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: To achieve high data rates defined in 5G, the use of millimeter-waves and massive-MIMO are indispensable. To benefit from these technologies, an accurate estimation of the channel parameters is crucial. We propose a novel two-stage algorithm for channel parameters estimation. In the first stage, coarse estimation is accomplished by applying parameter estimation via interpolation based on DFT grid (PREIDG) with a fixed look-up table (LUT), while the second stage refines the estimates by means of the space-alternating generalized expectation maximization (SAGE) algorithm. The two-stage algorithm uses discrete Fourier transform beamforming vectors which are efficiently implemented by a Butler matrix in the analog domain. We found that this methodology improves the estimates compared to the auxiliary beam pair (ABP) method. The two-stage algorithm shows efficient performance in the low signal to noise ratio regime for the channel parameters i.e. angles of departure, complex path gains and delays of the multipaths. Finally, we derived the Cramér-Rao lower bound (CRLB) to assess the performance of our two-stage estimation algorithm.
Realizations of real semisimple low-dimensional Lie algebras
Creators: name: Nesterenko, Maryna
name: Popovych, Roman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A complete set of inequivalent realizations of three- and four-dimensional real unsolvable Lie algebras in vector fields on a space of an arbitrary (finite) number of variables is obtained.
description: 7 pages
title: New Kids on the Woog - Ein kinderfreundliches Quartier für die neue Heinrich-Hoffmann Schule. Städtebaulicher Entwurf im Wintersemester 2018/19
Creators: name: Knöll, Martin
name: Hopp, Sabine
name: Halblaub Miranda, Marianne
name: Aliyeva, Gunel
name: Backenstrass, Cornelius
name: Doustdar, Jasmin
name: Enünlü, Ece
name: Griguhn, Kathleen
name: Heid, Anna-Lena
name: Inci, Yonca
name: Kinscherf, Manuel
name: Kornek, Marvin
name: Kramer, Valerie
name: Liang, Jiatao
name: Merkel, Fabian
name: Nispel, Bastian
name: Ott, Leonie
name: Özdemir, Mihrap
name: Salic, Sofija
name: Schaubert, Roman
name: Schröder, Margot
name: Sossou, Daniel
name: Sovic, Mirna
name: Tran, Danny
name: Weigand, Tina
name: Wust, Max
name: Yildiz, Betül
name: Yu, Xiarong
name: Zettl, Sarah
name: Zhang, Lei
name: Knöll, Martin
name: Hopp, Sabine
name: Halblaub Miranda, Marianne
Publisher: name: UNSPECIFIED
Year: 2021

description: In diesem städtebaulichen Entwurf wurden Konzepte gesucht, welche die stadträumliche Integration der Schule in die neue Nachbarschaft fördern. Studierende entwickelten a) ein Mobilitätskonzept, das eine sichere, möglichst autofreie An- und Abreise ermöglicht, b) ein Freiraumkonzept, welches das Schulgelände mit den umliegenden Freiräumen sowie Sport- und Kultureinrichtungen vernetzt und vertiefen c) einen Entwurf für die schuleigenen Freiräume, das ebenso die Bedarfe von Inklusions-Kindern berücksichtigt sowie ein Massenmodel für das neue Schulgebäude, welches die städtebaulichen Vor- und Nachteile einer Typologie, der Verteilung und Ausrichtung der Baumassen, sowie Erschließung erkennen lässt.
Dynamics of coordinate ascent variational inference: A case study in 2D Ising models
Creators: name: Plummer, Sean
name: Pati, Debdeep
name: Bhattacharya, Anirban
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Variational algorithms have gained prominence over the past two decades as a scalable computational environment for Bayesian inference. In this article, we explore tools from the dynamical systems literature to study convergence of coordinate ascent algorithms for mean field variational inference. Focusing on the Ising model defined on two nodes, we fully characterize the dynamics of the sequential coordinate ascent algorithm and its parallel version. We observe that in the regime where the objective function is convex, both the algorithms are stable and exhibit convergence to the unique fixed point. Our analyses reveal interesting {\em discordances} between these two versions of the algorithm in the region when the objective function is non-convex. In fact, the parallel version exhibits a periodic oscillatory behavior which is absent in the sequential version. Drawing intuition from the Markov chain Monte Carlo literature, we {\em empirically} show that a parameter expansion of the Ising model, popularly called as the Edward--Sokal coupling, leads to an enlargement of the regime of convergence to the global optima.
PROJECTING WORLD FOOD DEMAND USING ALTERNATIVE DEMAND SYSTEMS
Creators: name: Yu, Wusheng
name: Hertel, Thomas W.
name: Preckel, Paul V.
name: Eales, James S.
name: Yu, Wusheng
name: Hertel, Thomas W.
name: Preckel, Paul V.
name: Eales, James S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: food demand
subject: agricultural trade
subject: functional form
subject: demand system
subject: CGE modeling

description: Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) models are increasingly being used to project world food markets in order to support forward-looking policy analysis. Such projections hinge critically on the underlying functional form for representing consumer demand. Simple functional forms can lead to unrealistic projections by failing to capture changes in income elasticities of demand. We adopt as our benchmark the recently introduced AIDADS demand system and compare it with several alternaive demand systems currently in widespread use in CGE models. This comparison is conducted in the context of projections for disaggregated global food demand using a global CGE model. We find that AIDADS represents a substantial improvement, particularly for the rapidly growing developing countries. For these economies, the most widely used demand systems tend to over-predict future food demands, and hence overestimate future production and import requirements for agricultural products.
Base de datos de artículos sobre Revisión Sistemática de la Literatura sobre la Aplicación del ML en el Rendimiento Deportivo
Creators: name: Abanto Acuña, Raul
name: Botton Castillo, Baruck
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 461104
subject: Neural networks
classificationCode: 461103
subject: Deep learning
classificationCode: 461106
subject: Semi- and unsupervised learning
classificationCode: 461105
subject: Reinforcement learning
classificationCode: 461102
subject: Context learning

description: Base de datos de Zotero con los artículos de la Aplicación del Machine Learning en el Rendimiento Deportivo.
Additional file 1 of Financial reimbursement - irrelevant for GPs’ readiness to implement brief intervention to reduce alcohol consumption? A cross-sectional vignette study
Creators: name: Fankhaenel, Thomas
name: Schulz, Katrin
name: Lars-Eric Petersen
name: Klement, Andreas
name: Frese, Thomas
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 1.
The entropy of Hawking radiation
Creators: name: Almheiri, Ahmed
name: Hartman, Thomas
name: Maldacena, Juan
name: Shaghoulian, Edgar
name: Tajdini, Amirhossein
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this review, we describe recent progress on the black hole information problem that involves a new understanding of how to calculate the entropy of Hawking radiation. We show how the method for computing gravitational fine-grained entropy, developed over the past 15 years, can be extended to capture the entropy of Hawking radiation. This technique reveals large corrections needed for the entropy to be consistent with unitary black hole evaporation.
description: 40 pages, many figures
IMPACTS OF FTAA AND MERCOEURO ON AGRIBUSINESS IN THE MERCOSUL COUNTRIES
Creators: name: Teixeira, Erly Cardoso
name: Cypriano, Luiz Alberto
name: Teixeira, Erly Cardoso
name: Cypriano, Luiz Alberto
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: FTAA
subject: MERCOEURO
subject: Agribusiness
subject: MERCOSUL
subject: GTAP

description: Focusing on changes in agricultural policy, this paper examines the economic impacts on MERCOSUL member country economies arising from the creation of the Free Trade Area of the Americas (FTAA) and a free trade area between MERCOSUL and the European Union (MERCOEURO). Four simulations are run using the Global Trade Analysis Project's (GTAP) applied general equilibrium model. The results suggest these new trade alliances would cause an increase in MERCOSUL agribusiness production and a decrease in manufactures production. In all scenarios, agricultural trade flows are greatly altered, expanding MERCOSUL agribusiness exports. Economic growth for the MERCOSUL countries increases only in the MERCOEURO scenarios. The elimination of agriculture production and export subsidies by members of the North American Free Trade Area (NAFTA) and European Union (E.U.) has strong economic impacts on the MERCOSUL member countries.
Formation of bright matter-wave solitons during the collapse of Bose-Einstein condensates
Creators: name: Cornish, Simon L.
name: Thompson, Sarah T.
name: Wieman, Carl E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We observe bright matter-wave solitons form during the collapse of 85Rb condensates in a three-dimensional magnetic trap. The collapse is induced by using a Feshbach resonance to suddenly switch the atomic interactions from repulsive to attractive. Remnant condensates containing several times the critical number of atoms for the onset of instability are observed to survive the collapse. Under these conditions a highly robust configuration of solitons forms such that each soliton satisfies the condition for stability and neighboring solitons exhibit repulsive interactions.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
ISM properties in low-metallicity environments I. mid-infrared spectra of dwarf galaxies
Creators: name: Madden, S. C.
name: Galliano, F.
name: Jones, A. P.
name: Sauvage, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present new ISOCAM mid-infrared spectra of three starbursting nearby dwarf galaxies, NGC1569, IIZw40, NGC1140 and the 30Dor region of the LMC and explore the properties of the ISM in low-metallicity environments, also using additional sources from the literature. We analyse the various components of the ISM probed by the mid-infrared observations and compare them with other Galactic and extragalactic objects. The MIR spectra of the low-metallicity starburst sources are dominated by the [NeIII] and [SIV] lines, as well as a steeply rising dust continuum. PAH bands are generaly faint, both locally and averaged over the full galaxy, in stark contrast to dustier starburst galaxies, where the PAH features are very prominant and even dominate on global scales. The hardness of the modeled interstellar radiation fields for the dwarf galaxies increases as the presence of PAH band emission becomes less pronounced. The [NeIII]/[NeII] ratios averaged over the full galaxy are strikingly high, often >10. Thus, the hard radiation fields are pronounced and pervasive. We find a prominent correlation between the PAHs/VSGs and the [NeIII]/[NeII] ratios for a wide range of objects, including the low metallicity galaxies as well as Galactic HII regions and other metal-rich galaxies. This effect is consistent with the hardness of the interstellar radiation field playing a major role in the destruction of PAHs in the low metallicity ISM. We see a PAHs/VSGs and metallicity correlation, also found by Engelbracht et al. (2005) for a larger survey. Combined effects of metallicity and radiation field seem to be playing important roles in the observed behavior of PAHs in the low metallicity systems.
description: accepted by A&A
Signatures of non-Markovian turbulent transport in Reversed Field Pinch plasmas
Creators: name: Sattin, F.
name: Paccagnella, R.
name: D'Angelo, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Transport of field lines is studied for a realistic model of magnetic field configuration in a Reversed Field Pinch. It is shown that transport is anomalous, i.e., it cannot be described within the standard diffusive paradigm. To fit numerical results we present a transport model based upon the Continuous Time Random Walk formalism. Fairly good quantitative agreement appears for exponential memory functions.
description: 20 pages. Submitted
Effects for Efficiency: Asymptotic Speedup with First-Class Control
Creators: name: Hillerström, Daniel
name: Lindley, Sam
name: Longley, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We study the fundamental efficiency of delimited control. Specifically, we show that effect handlers enable an asymptotic improvement in runtime complexity for a certain class of functions. We consider the generic count problem using a pure PCF-like base language $λ_b$ and its extension with effect handlers $λ_h$. We show that $λ_h$ admits an asymptotically more efficient implementation of generic count than any $λ_b$ implementation. We also show that this efficiency gap remains when $λ_b$ is extended with mutable state. To our knowledge this result is the first of its kind for control operators.
On harmonic measure of critical curves
Creators: name: Bettelheim, E.
name: Rushkin, I.
name: Gruzberg, I. A.
name: Wiegmann, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fractal geometry of critical curves appearing in 2D critical systems is characterized by their harmonic measure. For systems described by conformal field theories with central charge $c\leqslant 1$, scaling exponents of harmonic measure have been computed by B. Duplantier [Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 84}, 1363 (2000)] by relating the problem to boundary two-dimensional gravity. We present a simple argument that allows us to connect harmonic measure of critical curves to operators obtained by fusion of primary fields, and compute characteristics of fractal geometry by means of regular methods of conformal field theory. The method is not limited to theories with $c\leqslant 1$.
description: Some more corrections
AN OPERATIONAL METHOD FOR ASSESSING THE POVERTY OUTREACH PERFORMANCE OF DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS: RESULTS FROM FOUR CASE STUDIES IN AFRICA, ASIA AND LATIN AMERICA
Creators: name: Zeller, Manfred
name: Sharma, Manohar P.
name: Henry, Carla
name: Lapenu, Cecile
name: Zeller, Manfred
name: Sharma, Manohar P.
name: Henry, Carla
name: Lapenu, Cecile
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: International Development
subject: poverty
subject: targeting
subject: evaluation
subject: principle component analysis

description: Many development projects seek to reach the poorest in the provision of agricultural inputs, extension, credit, education, and many other services. However, low-cost and reliable methods for assessing whether a project reaches the poor are lacking at present. In this paper, we present an operational method that was designed during a two-year research project from 1999-2001 with the support of an international donor-coordination office. The objective of the research was to develop and test a new method that could be later used by development practitioners to assess the poverty level of beneficiaries of development projects that target the poor in relation to the general population in the intervention area. The method constructs a poverty index using principle component analysis, and is based on a range of indicators that describes different dimensions of poverty and for which credible information can be quickly and inexpensively obtained. To ensure the method's usefulness to a wide number of countries and projects, the method was tested in collaboration in rural and urban areas in four countries: Nicaragua (urban and rural), Kenya (urban and rural), Madagascar (rural), and India (rural). We present results from these studies. We conclude that the method has a promising potential for monitoring and evaluation purposes of development organizations. Since 2001, the method has been used in over 20 project assessments.
High-Precision Extraction of Emerging Concepts from Scientific Literature
Creators: name: King, Daniel
name: Downey, Doug
name: Weld, Daniel S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Identification of new concepts in scientific literature can help power faceted search, scientific trend analysis, knowledge-base construction, and more, but current methods are lacking. Manual identification cannot keep up with the torrent of new publications, while the precision of existing automatic techniques is too low for many applications. We present an unsupervised concept extraction method for scientific literature that achieves much higher precision than previous work. Our approach relies on a simple but novel intuition: each scientific concept is likely to be introduced or popularized by a single paper that is disproportionately cited by subsequent papers mentioning the concept. From a corpus of computer science papers on arXiv, we find that our method achieves a Precision@1000 of 99%, compared to 86% for prior work, and a substantially better precision-yield trade-off across the top 15,000 extractions. To stimulate research in this area, we release our code and data (https://github.com/allenai/ForeCite).
description: Accepted to SIGIR 2020
MPEC 2024-T243 : 2024 TA10
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2024 TA10

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.