Elachistidae
Creators: name: Pohl, Greg
name: Anweiler, Gary
name: Schmidt, Christian
name: Kondla, Norbert
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Elachistidae

description: <i>24. Elachistidae – concealer moths</i> A diverse assemblage of groups previously given status as a number of separate families or assigned to other families. They are united on the basis of abdominal and pupal structures (Hodges 1999a). Approximately 1200 species of Elachistidae are known worldwide; 309 species have been reported from North America, 56 of which are reported from AB. <i>24.1. Ethmiinae</i> Small (20–30 mm wingspan) moths with long, broadly rounded wings, the forewings often strikingly marked with black spots on a white and/or gray background. Adults of many species are diurnal. At rest, they hold their wings closed and rolled tightly over the abdomen. Larvae of most species are external feeders on Boraginaceae or Hydrophyllaceae. Most are host-specific at the genus level. The subfamily Ethmiinae contains approximately 250 species worldwide, concentrated in the Neotropics and southwestern North America. Fifty-five species are known in North America; three of these are reported from AB. Th is group has been given family status in the past, but its position within the Elachistidae is now widely accepted. They are a well known group in North America. Th ey were revised for the New World by Powell (1973), with two new species described since, from FL. 127 * R <i>Pyramidobela quinquecristata</i> (Braun, 1921) Aug M – – T: Powell (1973) L: None C: UASM 128 * R <i>Ethmia monticola</i> (Walsingham, 1880) Jun – Jul M – G T: Powell (1973) L: Bowman (1951), Powell (1973) C: CNC, NFRC, PMAE, UASM 129 * R <i>Ethmia albicostella</i> (Beutenmüller, 1889) Jun – Jul M – g T: Powell (1973) L: Powell (1973) C: CNC, NFRC <i>24.2. Depressariinae</i> Small (15–30 mm wingspan) moths with broad, rounded wings. Adults rest with the wings closed and held flat over the abdomen. Diapause is in the adult stage in most species; adults of most species fly very late in the fall and again early in the spring. Larvae are leaftiers, seed feeders, and stem borers in dicots. Approximately 600 species of Depressariinae are known worldwide. Ninety-seven species are known from North America; 29 of these are reported from AB. The Depressariinae are fairly well known in North America. Th e group was revised by Clarke (1941) and Hodges (1974). The latter added several new species but included few genitalia illustrations; both works are required to make reliable determinations. In both works, the Depressariinae were considered a subfamily of the Oecophoridae. More recently, they were given the status of family, but Hodges (1999a) placed them within the Elachistidae, an arrangement we follow here. 130 R <i>Agonopterix gelidella</i> (Busck, 1908) Jul – Aug M B – T: Hodges (1974) L: Bowman (1951), Prentice (1965),? Hodges (1974), Pohl et al. (2004b) C: CNC, NFRC, OLDS, UASM 131 R <i>Agonopterix lythrella</i> (Walsingham, 1889) L Jun – E Aug – B – T: Hodges (1974) L: None C: NFRC, UASM 132 R <i>Agonopterix fusciterminella</i> Clarke, 1941 L Apr – L May M b – T: Hodges (1974) L: None C: NFRC, UASM 133 * R <i>Agonopterix chrautis</i> Hodges, 1974 L Jul m – – T: Hodges (1974) L: Hodges (1974) C: Unknown 133.1 * P <i>Agonopterix sabulella</i> (Walsingham, 1881) L Sep – B – T: Hodges (1974) 134 R <i>Agonopterix rosaciliella</i> (Busck, 1904) E May – E Jun; – B g T: Hodges (1974) L Jul – Oct (H) L: Bowman (1951),? Hodges (1974) C: UASM 135 * R <i>Agonopterix canadensis</i> (Busck, 1902) Apr – Jun; m b G T: Hodges (1974) Sep – Oct (H) L: Bowman (1951),? Prentice (1965) C: CNC, UASM 136 * R <i>Agonopterix arnicella</i> (Walsingham, 1881) L Jul M – g T: Hodges (1974) L: None C: CNC 137 * U <i>Agonopterix flavicomella</i> (Engel, 1907) Jul – Sep m b – T: Hodges (1974) L: Bowman (1951) C:?OLDS,?UASM 138 R <i>Agonopterix argillacea</i> (Walsingham, 1881) Apr – May; m B – T: Hodges (1974) Sep – Oct (H) L: Bowman (1951), Prentice (1965),? Hodges (1974) C: CNC, NFRC, OLDS, UASM 139 * R <i>Agonopterix posticella</i> (Walsingham, 1881) Sep – – G T: Hodges (1974) L: None C: NFRC 140 R <i>Depressariodes canella</i> (Busck, 1904) Jun – Jul M – g T: Hodges (1974) L: Bowman (1951),? Hodges (1974) C: CNC, NFRC 141 R <i>Depressariodes nivalis</i> (Braun, 1921) Jul – Aug M – – T: Hodges (1974) L: Bowman (1951), Hodges (1974) C: NFRC, OLDS, UASM 142 * R <i>Depressariodes hildaella</i> (Clarke, 1941) E Jul M – – T: Hodges (1974) L: Hodges (1974) C: Unknown 143 R <i>Depressariodes ciniflonella</i> (Lienig and Zeller, 1846) Apr – L May; M B g T: Hodges (1974) Sep – Oct (H) L: Bowman (1951),? Hodges (1974), Pohl et al. (2004b) C: CNC, NFRC, UASM 144 R <i>Depressariodes fulva</i> (Walsingham, 1882) Jul – Aug – B G T: Hodges (1974) L: Bowman (1951),? Hodges (1974) C: NFRC, UASM 145 R <i>Bibarrambla allenella</i> (Walsingham, 1882) Jun – Jul m B – T: Hodges (1974) L: Bowman (1951), Prentice (1965), Pohl et al. (2004b) C: CNC, NFRC, OLDS, UASM 146 R <i>Semioscopis packardella</i> (Clemens, 1863) Apr – E Jun – B g T: Hodges (1974) L: Bowman (1951) C: CNC, NFRC, OLDS, UASM 147 R <i>Semioscopis merriccella</i> Dyar, 1902 E May – M May – B g T: Hodges (1974) L:? Hodges (1974), Pohl et al. (2005) C: NFRC, UASM 148 R <i>Semioscopis inornata</i> Walsingham, 1882 Apr – Jun m B g T: Hodges (1974) L: Bowman (1951), Prentice (1965), Hodges (1974), Pohl et al. (2004b) C: CNC, NFRC,?OLDS, UASM 149 R <i>Semioscopis megamicrella</i> Dyar, 1902 Apr – May – B g T: Hodges (1974) L: Bowman (1951), Hodges (1974) C: NFRC,?OLDS 150 R <i>Semioscopis aurorella</i> Dyar, 1902 Apr – May – B g T: Hodges (1974) L: Bowman (1951), Hodges (1974) C: NFRC, UASM 151 R <i>Depressaria atrostrigella</i> Clarke, 1941 Sep – b g T: Hodges (1974) L: Pohl et al. (2005) C: NFRC, UASM 152 * R H <i>Depressaria artemisiae</i> Nickerl, 1864 L Aug – b G T: Hodges (1974) L:? Hodges (1974) C: UASM 153 * R I <i>Depressaria pastinacella</i> (Duponchel, 1838) Apr – May; – B g Parsnip Webworm Sep – Oct (H) T: Hodges (1974) L:? Hodges (1974) C: NFRC, OLDS, PMAE 154 * R <i>Depressaria eleanorae</i> Clarke, 1941 Apr – May; M B – T: Hodges (1974) Aug (H) L: None C:?UASM 155 R <i>Depressaria alienella</i> Busck, 1904 Aug – Sep – B g T: Hodges (1974) L: Bowman (1951),? Hodges (1974) C: CNC, NFRC, UASM 156 * R <i>Depressaria leptotaeniae</i> Clarke, 1933 Jul M – – T: Hodges (1974) L: Bowman (1951), Hodges (1974) C: CNC 157 R <i>Nites grotella</i> (Robinson, 1869) Aug – Sep – b g Hazel Leaftier T: Hodges (1974) L: Bowman (1951) C: NFRC, UASM 157.1 * P <i>Nites atrocapitella</i> (McDunnough, 1944) Aug – B – T: McDunnough (1944a), Hodges (1974) 158 R <i>Nites betulella</i> (Busck, 1902) Aug m B – Black-dotted Birch Leaftier T: Hodges (1974) L: Bowman (1951), Prentice (1965),? Hodges (1974), Pohl et al. (2004b) C: CNC, NFRC, UASM <i>24.3. Elachistinae – grass miner moths</i> Minute (6–14 mm wingspan) moths with narrow lanceolate wings. Most species have white forewings with tiny black dots, or black wings boldly marked with white spots. The hindwings have straight sides, a sharp point, and a wide fringe on the trailing margin. Adults of most species are diurnal. Larvae of most species are miners in monocots. Approximately 250 species of Elachistinae are known worldwide. Species richness is particularly notable in southern Europe and North America. One hundred species are known from North America, mostly in the genus <i>Elachista</i>. Twenty-one species are known from AB; many more probably remain to be discovered in this poorly collected group. Th e North American species have been revised recently by Kaila (1995a, 1995b, 1996, 1997, 1999a, 1999b).
description: Published as part of <i>Pohl, Greg, Anweiler, Gary, Schmidt, Christian &amp; Kondla, Norbert, 2010, An annotated list of the Lepidoptera of Alberta, Canada, pp. 1-549 in ZooKeys 38 (38)</i> on pages 66-70, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.38.383, http://zenodo.org/record/576629
description: {"references": ["Powell JA (1973) A systematic monograph of new world ethmiid moths (Lepidoptera: Gelechioidea). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 120: 1 - 302.", "Bowman K (1951) An annotated list of the Lepidoptera of Alberta. Canadian Journal of Zoology 29: 121 - 165.", "Clarke JFG (1941) Revision of the North American moths of the family Oecophoridae, with descriptions of new genera and species. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 90: 33 - 286.", "Hodges RW (1974) Gelechioidea: Oecophoridae. Fasc. 6.2. In: Dominick RB, Ferguson DC, Franclemont JG, Hodges RW, Munroe EG (Eds) Th e moths of America north of Mexico. Wedge Entomological Research Foundation, Washington, D. C., 142 pp. + plates, index.", "Prentice RM (1965) Forest Lepidoptera of Canada reported by the Forest Insect Survey, Vol. 4: Microlepidoptera. Canada Dept. of Forestry, Publication No. 1142, pp. 544 - 840.", "Pohl GR, Langor DW, Landry J-F, Spence JR (2004 b) Lepidoptera of the Boreal Mixedwood Forest near Lac La Biche, Alberta, including new provincial records. Canadian Field-Naturalist 118: 530 - 549.", "Dyar HG (1902) A list of North American Lepidoptera and key to the literature of this order of insects. Bulletin of the United States National Museum 52: 1 - 723.", "Pohl GR, Bird CD, Landry J-F, Anweiler GG (2005) New records of microlepidoptera in Alberta, Canada. Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society 59: 61 - 82.", "McDunnough JH (1944 a) New microlepidoptera with notes. Th e Canadian Entomologist 76: 153 - 156.", "Kaila L (1995 a) A review of Coelopoeta (Elachistidae), with descriptions of two new species. Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society 49: 171 - 178.", "Kaila L (1995 b) A revision of North American Perittia (= Onceroptila), with first Nearctic records of the genus Mendesa (Elachistidae). Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society 49: 208 - 222.", "Kaila L (1996) Revision of the Nearctic species of Elachista I. The tetragonella group (Lepidoptera: Elachistidae). Entomologica Scandinavica 27: 217 - 238.", "Kaila L (1997) A revision of the Nearctic species of Elachista s. l. II. The argentella group (Lepidoptera: Elachistidae). Acta Zoologica Fennica 206: 1 - 93.", "Kaila L (1999 a) Phylogeny and classification of the Elachistidae s. s. (Lepidoptera: Gelechioidea). Systematic Entomology 24: 139 - 169.", "Kaila L (1999 b) A revision of the Nearctic species of the Genus Elachista s. l. III. The bifasciella, praelineata, saccharella and freyerella groups (Lepidoptera, Elachistidae). Acta Zoologica Fennica 211: 1 - 235."]}