cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Large time behavior and optimal decay estimate for solutions to the generalized Kadomtsev--Petviashvili--Burgers equation in 2D
Creators: name: Fukuda, Ikki
name: Hirayama, Hiroyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35B40, 35Q53

description: We consider the Cauchy problem for the generalized Kadomtsev--Petviashvili--Burgers equation in 2D. This is one of the nonlinear dispersive-dissipative type equations, which has a spatial anisotropic dissipative term. Under some suitable regularity assumptions on the initial data $u_{0}$, especially the condition $\partial_{x}^{-1}u_{0} \in L^{1}(\mathbb{R}^{2})$, it is known that the solution to this problem decays at the rate of $t^{-\frac{7}{4}}$ in the $L^{\infty}$-sense. In this paper, we investigate the more detailed large time behavior of the solution and construct the approximate formula for the solution at $t\to \infty$. Moreover, we obtain a lower bound of the $L^{\infty}$-norm of the solution and prove that the decay rate $t^{-\frac{7}{4}}$ of the solution given in the previous work to be optimal.
description: 23 pages
Die Einheit des Alt- und Neutestamentlichen Bundes
Creators: name: Balthasar, Hans Urs Von
Publisher: name: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio
Year: 2022

description: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Bd. 16 Nr. 1 (1987): Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Band 16, Heft 1
Macro Ethics Principles for Responsible AI Systems: Taxonomy and Future Directions
Creators: name: Woodgate, Jessica
name: Ajmeri, Nirav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Responsible AI must be able to make or support decisions that consider human values and can be justified by human morals. Accommodating values and morals in responsible decision making is supported by adopting a perspective of macro ethics, which views ethics through a holistic lens incorporating social context. Normative ethical principles inferred from philosophy can be used to methodically reason about ethics and make ethical judgements in specific contexts. Operationalising normative ethical principles thus promotes responsible reasoning under the perspective of macro ethics. We survey AI and computer science literature and develop a taxonomy of 21 normative ethical principles which can be operationalised in AI. We describe how each principle has previously been operationalised, highlighting key themes that AI practitioners seeking to implement ethical principles should be aware of. We envision that this taxonomy will facilitate the development of methodologies to incorporate normative ethical principles in reasoning capacities of responsible AI systems.
Normas jurídicas: esquema internacional
Creators: name: Palacios Sanabria, María Teresa
Publisher: name: Universidad del Rosario
Year: 2022

description: Recurso perteneciente al mooc Enfoque diferencial para el logro de la igualdad en el cual se exponen las distinciones en las normas jurídicas entre la Declaración Universal de los Derechos Humanos y la Carta de las Naciones Unidas.
Application of Information Geometry to Biological Stochastic Problems
Creators: name: Peng, Yifeng
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2023

description: Information geometry introduces a geometric approach to the study of families of probability distributions. It combines differential geometry with probability and information theory and studies statistical manifolds, which are Riemannian manifolds whose points correspond to probability distributions and employs the Fisher information as the metric. In this study, we use the tools and framework of Information Geometry to analyze the fly-and-forage behavior of a typical seabird, the European Herring Gull, and posit a Lévy distribution for flight step lengths.
The approach of applying Information geometry to this problem can be thought of as a generalization of least-square regression. We replace straight lines by geodesics and Euclidean distance by the Fisher information distance. We want to identify the behavioral variation of the European Herring Gull as a change in parameters on the Lévy distribution manifold. We will also introduce a modification to the Lévy distribution, so that it fits to more general case, and a numerical way for solving the geodesics when only numerical value of Christoffel symbols are available.
We analyzed the GPS trajectory data of a European Herring Gull from 2012 to 2015. We find that the condition for Lévy distribution is marginally satisfied and further analysis of more datasets is needed.
The Effects of Fine-Tuning on the Personality Traits of Large Language Models
Creators: name: Laney, Mason
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2023

description: In recent years, large language models such as BERT and GPT-2 have revolutionized the field of Natural Language Processing. These models, which are pre-trained on massive amounts of data in order to learn the general structure of human language, can be further fine-tuned and adapted to more specific tasks and datasets. While the models are not sentient and do not possess personalities in the same way humans do, they may be biased to favor language that reflects certain personality types. In this work, we investigate the effect that the fine-tuning process has on the Big Five personality traits displayed by these models. We find that fine-tuning significantly alters the personality characteristics of language models, albeit in an only semi-predictable way. We use this approach as a lens to study the personality bias present in training data, under the hypothesis that a dataset will "pass on" some of its personality to a model during fine-tuning.
Electron Transfer and Proton-Coupled Electron Transfer Kinetics and Reorganization Energies at a Conductive Metal Oxide Interface
Creators: name: Xu, Jeremiah
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2023

description: Artificial photosynthesis, the process of generating usable fuels with solar power via photocatalysis, provides a promising and bountiful source of energy that offers a potential solution to the current energy crisis. However, the efficiency of artificial photosynthetic systems is kinetically limited by photocatalytic water oxidation which provides the protons and electrons necessary for fuel production. This kinetic bottleneck arises from the recombination of separated charges (electrons and holes) at electrode interfaces and occurs in competition with the desired catalytic reactions. In addition, the recombination mechanism is often dependent on the experimental conditions with both electron transfer (ET) and proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) pathways accessible. In this report, the kinetics of interfacial ET and PCET to a model water oxidation catalyst are analyzed within the framework of Marcus-Gerischer theory. This theory provides a means to directly quantify the reorganization energy, λ, for both mechanistic regimes. A striking difference was observed between the reorganization energies of ET and PCET with values of λ increasing from approximately 0.6 eV for ET reactions to 1.07 eV for a PCET reactions. While the PCET reorganization energies were found to be insensitive to the solution pH, it was found that the rate constant for the recombination reaction varied with an applied potential and reached a maximum limit, kmax, that decreased under more alkaline conditions. These results suggest a significant kinetic barrier to charge recombination when water oxidation is performed under alkaline conditions where a PCET mechanism is operative arising from both an increased reorganization energy for the unwanted recombination reaction and a decrease in the kinetic rate constant. A greater understanding of the interfacial recombination kinetics related to photocatalytic water oxidation will aid in the design of future artificial photosynthetic systems where competitive reaction pathways are inhibited under alkaline conditions.
Fathers' and Mothers' Verbal Responsiveness and the Language Skills of Young Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder
Creators: name: Watson, Linda R.
name: Flippin, Michelle
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: In this observational study, we examined the interactions of 16 young children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and their parents to investigate (a) differences in verbal responsiveness used by fathers and mothers in interactions with their children with ASD and (b) concurrent associations between the language skills of children with ASD and the verbal responsiveness of both fathers and mothers.
title: Peter Heintz, 1920-1983
title: Trauerfeier im Fraumünster Zürich am 21. März 1983
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Meier-Dallach, Hans-Peter
name: Hutmacher, Walo
name: Thalmann, Ernesto
name: Moser, Ulrich
Publisher: name: [Verlag nicht ermittelbar]
Year: 1983
Subjects: subject: 920 Biografien, Genealogie, Insignien
subject: Nachruf
subject: Heintz, Peter
subject: Zürich
subject: Fraumünster (Zürich)

description: Enthält: Verschiedene Ansprachen bei der Abdankung und Nachrufe aus der Presse
Engineered 3D bioimplants using elastomeric scaffold, self-assembling peptide hydrogel, and adipose tissue-derived progenitor cells for cardiac regeneration
Creators: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Contractile restoration of myocardial scars remains a challenge with important clinical implications. Here, a combination of porous elastomeric membrane, peptide hydrogel, and subcutaneous adipose tissue-derived progenitor cells (subATDPCs) was designed and evaluated as a bioimplant for cardiac regeneration in a mouse model of myocardial infarction. SubATDPCs were doubly transduced with lentiviral vectors to express bioluminescent-fluorescent reporters driven by constitutively active, cardiac tissue-specific promoters. Cells were seeded into an engineered bioimplant consisting of a scaffold (polycaprolactone methacryloyloxyethyl ester) filled with a peptide hydrogel (PuraMatrix™), and transplanted to cover injured myocardium. Bioluminescence and fluorescence quantifications showed de novo and progressive increases in promoter expression in bioactive implant-treated animals. The bioactive implant was well adapted to the heart, and fully functional vessels traversed the myocardium-bioactive implant interface. Treatment translated into a detectable positive effect on cardiac function, as revealed by echocardiography. Thus, this novel implant is a promising construct for supporting myocardial regeneration.
Characterisation of the UVA-induced DNA damage response in directly irradiated and bystander cells
Creators: name: Wilson, Kendal
Publisher: name: Lancaster University
Year: 2023

description: Ultraviolet (UV) radiation is a carcinogen responsible for causing skin cancer, one of the most common forms of cancer globally. UV irradiation leads to DNA damage including oxidised bases, cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer (CPD) formation and double strand breaks (DSB) activating the DNA damage response (DDR). Whilst UVB is directly more damaging to cellular DNA, it is becoming increasingly clear that UVA plays a large role in DNA damage induction and carcinogenesis. The DDR pathway is well understood, but the kinetics of protein activation need to be studied in more detail to develop our understanding of DNA damage induction, persistence and repair induced by UVA irradiation. Using dose dependent studies, human immortalised keratinocytes (HaCaTs) were exposed to UVA irradiation looking at DDR proteins, studying their activation and downregulation. A dose dependent change in activation of the DDR pathways was identified. Lower UVA doses demonstrated earlier activation of the ATR response whilst medium and higher doses indicated earlier activation of the ATM response. Furthermore, as the dose increased, peak activation of total γH2AX was observed later, as did possible repair of DNA damage. Finally, the late activation of sensor protein RPA could indicate the late generation of DNA damage resulting from oxidative stress. It is becoming increasingly apparent that direct irradiation is not the only cause of DNA damage and carcinogenesis. Indirect damage of neighbouring cells via factors released by the irradiated population is causing cellular stress and DNA damage. The resulting damage in bystander cells has been previously studied, but the DDR is less well understood. This research aimed to develop understanding of DDR protein activation and downregulation using a co-incubation technique. It was indicated there was a dose dependent change in DDR pathway activation where the ATM response occurred later at a higher dose whilst the reverse was observed for direct irradiations. The data implied that γH2AX was the result of ATM activation arguing against others which suggested it becomes activated by the ATR response.
D-01101-AB.pdf
Creators: name: Kheiri, Ali
name: Sahmi, Fatemeh
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 120104 Architectural Science and Technology (incl. Acoustics, Lighting, Structure and Ecologically Sustainable Design)
subject: FOS: Civil engineering
subject: 120101 Architectural Design
subject: FOS: Arts (arts, history of arts, performing arts, music)

description: In recent years, new technologies have been introduced in the field of architecture and construction, since it is one of the factors affecting the field architecture. Therefore, the study of the effects of climatic factors on these structures is of particular importance. The difference in latitude is low, and all of it has the same radiation and heat. This was not enough to increase the space and tourism of the island, thus increasing the need for high-rise manufacturing. Therefore, this article attempts to study and analyze this type of structure, the advantages and disadvantages and revising the position of this structure on Kish Island.
Kaspar Hauser, 1845-1920
Creators: name: Fisler, Konrad
Publisher: name: [Verlag nicht ermittelbar]
Year: 1922
Subjects: subject: 920 Biografien, Genealogie, Insignien
subject: Nachruf
subject: Hauser, Kaspar
subject: Winterthur
subject: Wädenswil

description: Sonderdruck aus: Jahrbuch der Literarische Vereinigung Winterthur, 1922
Genetic myostatin decrease in the golden retriever muscular dystrophy model does not significantly affect the ubiquitin proteasome system despite enhancing the severity of disease
Creators: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Recent studies suggest that inhibiting the protein myostatin, a negative regulator of skeletal muscle mass, may improve outcomes in patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy by enhancing muscle mass. When the dystrophin-deficient golden retriever muscular dystrophy (GRMD) dog was bred with whippets having a heterozygous mutation for the myostatin gene, affected GRMD dogs with decreased myostatin (GRippets) demonstrated an accelerated physical decline compared to related affected GRMD dogs with full myostatin. To examine the role of the ubiquitin proteasome and calpain systems in this accelerated decline, we determined the expression of the muscle ubiquitin ligases MuRF1, Atrogin-1, RNF25, RNF11, and CHIP: the proteasome subunits PSMA6, PSMB4, and PSME1: and calpain 1/2 by real time PCR in the cranial sartorius and vastus lateralis muscles in control, affected GRMD, and GRippet dogs. While individual affected GRMD and GRippet dogs contributed to an increased variability seen in ubiquitin ligase expression, neither group was significantly different from the control group. The affected GRMD dogs demonstrated significant increases in caspase-like and trypsin-like activity in the cranial sartorius; however, all three proteasome activities in the GRippet muscles did not differ from controls. Increased variability in calpain 1 and calpain 2 expression and activity in the affected GRMD and GRippet groups were identified, but no statistical differences from the control group were seen. These studies suggest a role of myostatin in the disease progression of GRMD, which does not significantly involve key components of the ubiquitin proteasome and calpain systems involved in the protein quality control of sarcomere and other structural skeletal muscle proteins.
Hepatocellular Carcinoma Recurrence and Death Following Living and Deceased Donor Liver Transplantation
Creators: name: Shearon, T. H.
name: Ghobrial, R. M.
name: Lok, A. S. F.
name: Brown, R. S.
name: Berg, C. L.
name: Fair, J. H.
name: Kulik, L. M.
name: Freise, C. E.
name: Kam, I.
name: Olthoff, K. M.
name: Fisher, R. A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: We examined mortality and recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) among 106 transplant candidates with cirrhosis and HCC who had a potential living donor evaluated between January 1998 and February 2003 at the nine centers participating in the Adult-to-Adult Living Donor Liver Transplantation Cohort Study (A2ALL). Cox regression models were fitted to compare time from donor evaluation and time from transplant to death or HCC recurrence between 58 living donor liver transplant (LDLT) and 34 deceased donor liver transplant (DDLT) recipients. Mean age and calculated Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) scores at transplant were similar between LDLT and DDLT recipients (age: 55 vs. 52 years, p = 0.21; MELD: 13 vs. 15, p = 0.08). Relative to DDLT recipients, LDLT recipients had a shorter time from listing to transplant (mean 160 vs. 469 days, p < 0.0001) and a higher rate of HCC re currence within 3 years than DDLT recipients (29% vs. 0%, p = 0.002), but there was no difference in mortality or the combined outcome of mortality or recurrence. LDLT recipients had lower relative mortality risk than patients who did not undergo LDLT after the center had more experience (p = 0.03). Enthusiasm for LDLT as HCC treatment is dampened by higher HCC recurrence compared to DDLT.
Recipient Morbidity After Living and Deceased Donor Liver Transplantation: Findings from the A2ALL Retrospective Cohort Study †
Creators: name: Olthoff, K. M.
name: Fisher, R. A.
name: Lok, A. S. F.
name: Ghobrial, R. M.
name: Everhart, J. E.
name: Pruett, T. L.
name: Emond, J. C.
name: Koffron, A. J.
name: Freise, C. E.
name: Fair, J. H.
name: Trotter, J. F.
name: Gillespie, B. W.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Patients considering living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) need to know the risk and severity of complications compared to deceased donor liver transplantation (DDLT). One aim of the Adult-to-Adult Living Donor Liver Transplantation Cohort Study (A2ALL) was to examine recipient complications following these procedures. Medical records of DDLT or LDLT recipients who had a living donor evaluated at the nine A2ALL centers between 1998 and 2003 were reviewed. Among 384 LDLT and 216 DDLT, at least one complication occurred after 82.8% of LDLT and 78.2% of DDLT (p = 0.17). There was a median of two complications after DDLT and three after LDLT. Complications that occurred at a higher rate (p < 0.05) after LDLT included biliary leak (31.8% vs. 10.2%), unplanned reexploration (26.2% vs. 17.1%), hepatic artery thrombosis (6.5% vs. 2.3%) and portal vein thrombosis (2.9% vs. 0.0%). There were more complications leading to retransplantation or death (Clavien grade 4) after LDLT versus DDLT (15.9% vs. 9.3%, p = 0.023). Many complications occurred more commonly during early center experience; the odds of grade 4 complications were more than twofold higher when centers had performed ≤20 LDLT (vs. >40). In summary, complication rates were higher after LDLT versus DDLT, but declined with center experience to levels comparable to DDLT.
La OCDE y las empresas Multinacionales
Creators: name: Perdomo Vela, Liliana
Publisher: name: Universidad del Rosario
Year: 2022

description: Recurso audiovisual perteneciente al mooc Derechos humanos y empresas en el cual se presentan las Líneas Directrices de la Organización para la Cooperación y Desarrollo Económico (OCDE) para Empresas Multinacionales.
As If Hell Boiled Over and Cast Its Sons on Our Shores: Anti-Catholicism and the Politics of North and South Carolina, 1835 - 1860
Creators: name: Danaher, Jared
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2023

description: This thesis examines the role anti-Catholicism played in the politics of the antebellum South and in North and South Carolina specifically. It argues that Southerners used anti-Catholicism to link Protestantism and Americanism together, but that anti-Catholic appeals lost their efficacy as racial unity became more important than religious unity in Southern politics.
Interacting Topological Insulator and Emergent Grand Unified Theory
Creators: name: You, Yi-Zhuang
name: Xu, Cenke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by the Pati-Salam Grand Unified Theory, we study $(4+1)d$ topological insulators with $SU(4) \times SU(2)_1 \times SU(2)_2$ symmetry, whose $(3+1)d$ boundary has 16 flavors of left-chiral fermions, which form representations $(\mathbf{4}, \mathbf{2}, \mathbf{1})$ and $(\bar{\mathbf{4}}, \mathbf{1}, \mathbf{2})$. The key result we obtain is that, without any interaction, this topological insulator has a $\mathbb{Z}$ classification, namely any quadratic fermion mass operator at the $(3+1)d $ boundary is prohibited by the symmetries listed above; while under interaction this system becomes trivial, namely its $(3+1)d$ boundary can be gapped out by a properly designed short range interaction without generating nonzero vacuum expectation value of any fermion bilinear mass, or in other words, its $(3+1)d$ boundary can be driven into a "strongly coupled symmetric gapped (SCSG) phase". Based on this observation, we propose that after coupling the system to a dynamical $SU(4) \times SU(2)_1 \times SU(2)_2$ lattice gauge field, the Pati-Salam GUT can be fully regularized as the boundary states of a $(4+1)d$ topological insulator with a {\it thin} fourth spatial dimension, the thin fourth dimension makes the entire system generically a $(3+1)d$ system. The mirror sector on the opposite boundary will {\it not} interfere with the desired GUT, because the mirror sector is driven to the SCSG phase by a carefully designed interaction and is hence decoupled from the GUT.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures
Searching for Dark Matter Annihilation to Monoenergetic Neutrinos with Liquid Scintillation Detectors
Creators: name: Kumar, Jason
name: Sandick, Pearl
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider searches for dark matter annihilation to monoenergetic neutrinos in the core of the Sun. We find that liquid scintillation neutrino detectors have enhanced sensitivity to this class of dark matter models, due to the energy and angular resolution possible for electron neutrinos and antineutrinos that scatter via charged-current interactions. In particular we find that KamLAND, utilizing existing data, could provide better sensitivity to such models than any current direct detection experiment for $m_X \lesssim 15$ GeV. KamLAND's sensitivity is signal-limited, and future liquid scintillation or liquid argon detectors with similar energy and angular resolution, but with larger exposure, will provide significantly better sensitivity. These detectors may be particularly powerful probes of dark matter with mass $\mathcal{O}(10)$ GeV.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures
Ex vivo Inhibition of NF-κB Signaling in Alloreactive T-cells Prevents Graft-Versus-Host Disease
Creators: name: Vogtenhuber, C.
name: Baldwin, A. S.
name: Sitcheran, R.
name: Palmer, E.
name: Jaffee, B.
name: Murphy, W. J.
name: Dang, L.
name: O'Shaughnessy, M. J.
name: Serody, J. S.
name: Blazar, B. R.
name: Sun, K.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: The ex vivo induction of alloantigen-specific hyporesponsiveness by costimulatory pathway blockade or exposure to immunoregulatory cytokines has been shown to inhibit proliferation, IL-2 production, and the GVHD capacity of adoptively transferred T-cells. We hypothesized that inhibition of the intracellular NF-κB pathway in alloreactive T-cells, which is critical for T cell activation events including IL-2 transcription, could lead to alloantigen hyporesponsiveness and loss of GVHD capacity. We demonstrate that treatment of mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) cultures with PS1145, a potent inhibitor of NF-κB activation, can induce T cell hyporesponsiveness to alloantigen in primary and secondary responses while preserving in vitro responses to potent mitogenic stimulation. GVHD lethality in recipients of ex vivo PS1145-treated cells was profoundly inhibited. Parking of control- or PS1145- treated MLR cells in syngeneic Rag−/− recipients resulted in intact contact hypersensitivity responses. However, GVHD lethality capacity also was restored, suggesting that lymphopenic expansion uncoupled alloantigen hyporesponsiveness. These results indicate that the NF-κB pathway is a critical regulator of alloresponses and provide a novel small molecule inhibitor based approach that is effective in preventing early post-transplant GVHD lethality but that also permits donor T cell responses to recover after a period of lymphopenic expansion.
Forum Insight: Developing Learning Analytics Policies to Enable Student Success
Creators: name: :: National Forum For The Enhancement Of Teaching And Learning In Higher Education
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 130103 Higher Education
subject: FOS: Educational sciences

description: This Forum Insight highlights some helpful considerations for policymakers in higher education institutions (HEIs) to reflect upon as they develop learning analytics policies to underpin institutional strategies for student success.
Incidence and Severity of Acute Cellular Rejection in Recipients Undergoing Adult Living Donor or Deceased Donor Liver Transplantation
Creators: name: Shaked, A.
name: Fisher, R. A.
name: Merion, R. M.
name: Ghobrial, R. M.
name: Emond, J. C.
name: Kulik, L. M.
name: Terrault, N. A.
name: Fair, J. H.
name: Shearon, T. H.
name: Pruett, T. L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) may have better immunological outcomes compared to deceased donor liver transplantation (DDLT). The aim of this study was to analyze the incidence of acute cellular rejection (ACR) after LDLT and DDLT.
Electronic structure of cuprate superconductors in a full charge-spin recombination scheme
Creators: name: Feng, Shiping
name: Kuang, Lulin
name: Zhao, Huaisong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A long-standing unsolved problem is how a microscopic theory of superconductivity in cuprate superconductors based on the charge-spin separation can produce a large electron Fermi surface. Within the framework of the kinetic-energy driven superconducting mechanism, a full charge-spin recombination scheme is developed to fully recombine a charge carrier and a localized spin into a electron, and then is employed to study the electronic structure of cuprate superconductors in the superconducting-state. In particular, it is shown that the underlying electron Fermi surface fulfills Luttinger's theorem, while the superconducting coherence of the low-energy quasiparticle excitations is qualitatively described by the standard d-wave Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer formalism. The theory also shows that the observed peak-dip-hump structure in the electron spectrum and Fermi arc behavior in the underdoped regime are mainly caused by the strong energy and momentum dependence of the electron self-energy.
description: 14 pages, 7 figures. Updated references, accepted for publication in Physica C. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1501.02420
L-Selectin Is Dispensable for T Regulatory Cell Function Postallogeneic Bone Marrow Transplantation: CD62L−/− Tregs Inhibit Acute GvHD
Creators: name: Burgents, J. E.
name: Panoskaltsis-Mortari, A.
name: Fulton, L. M.
name: Coghill, J. M.
name: Blazar, B. R.
name: Serody, J. S.
name: Tedder, T. F.
name: West, M. L.
name: Wan, Y.
name: Carlson, M. J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: In murine models, the adoptive transfer of CD4+/CD25+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) inhibited graft-versus-host disease (GvHD). Previous work has indicated a critical role for the adhesion molecule L-selectin (CD62L) in the function of Tregs in preventing GvHD. Here we examined the capacity of naive wild-type (WT), CD62L−/− and ex vivo expanded CD62LLo Tregs to inhibit acute GvHD. Surprisingly, we found that CD62L−/− Tregs were potent suppressors of GvHD, whereas CD62LLo Tregs were unable to inhibit disease despite being functionally competent to suppress allo T cell responses in vitro. Concomitant with improved outcomes, WT and CD62L−/− Tregs significantly reduced liver pathology and systemic pro-inflammatory cytokine production, although CD62L−/− Tregs were less effective in reducing lung pathology. While accumulation of CD62L−/− Tregs in GvHD target organs was equivalent to WT Tregs, CD62L−/− Tregs did not migrate as well as WT Tregs to peripheral lymph nodes (PLNs) over the first 2 weeks posttransplantation. This work demonstrated that CD62L was dispensable for Treg-mediated protection from GvHD.
Design, synthesis, and antimicrobial activity of fluorophore 1,2,3-triazoles linked nicotinonitrile derivatives
Creators: name: El-Sayed, Hassan A.
name: Hamid, Atef M. Abdel
name: Mohammed, Samar M.
name: Moustafa, Ahmed H.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: The synthesis and investigation of fluorescence and antimicrobial properties of a new series of 1,2,3-triazoles were described. Acetylenes 4a–c were resulted via alkylation of 2-oxonicotinonitriles 3a–c with propargyl bromide in base medium. [2 + 3] cycloaddition of acetylenes 4a–c with ethyl 2-azidoacetate, p-acetylphenylazide, and p-tolylsulfonylazide in the presence of Cu(I) afforded 1,2,3-triazoles 5a–c, 7a–c, and 9, respectively (via click reaction). The triazoles 5a–c were subjected to saponification process to give the acids 6a–c. The fluorescence and antimicrobial properties of triazoles 5a–c, 7a–c, and 9 were investigated and significant results were obtained.
On the role of rotation in the outflows of the Crab pulsar
Creators: name: Gudavadze, Irakli
name: Osmanov, Zaza
name: Rogava, Andria
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In order to study constraints imposed on kinematics of the Crab pulsar's jet we consider motion of particles along co-rotating field lines in the magnetosphere of the Crab pulsar. It is shown that particles following the co-rotating magnetic field lines may attain velocities close to observable values. In particular, we demonstrate that if the magnetic field lines are within the light cylinder, the maximum value of the velocity component parallel to the rotation axis is limited by $0.5c$. This result in the context of the $X$-ray observations performed by {\it Chandra X-ray Observatory} seems to be quite indicative and useful to estimate the density of field lines inside the jet. Considering the three-dimensional (3D) field lines crossing the light cylinder, we found that for explaining the force-free regime of outflows the magnetic field lines must asymptotically tend to the Archimedes' spiral configuration. It is also shown that the 3D case may explain the observed jet velocity for appropriately chosen parameters of magnetic field lines.
description: 14 pages, 3 figures
Reparación en materia de empresas y Derechos Humanos
Creators: name: Perdomo Vela, Liliana
Publisher: name: Universidad del Rosario
Year: 2022

description: Recurso interactivo perteneciente al mooc Derechos humanos y empresas en el cual se describen algunos elementos esenciales sobre reparación, mecanismos y recomendacones a la hora de reparar a las  víctimas de violaciones en materia de derechos humanos en las empresas.
Medium-enhanced $c\bar{c}$ radiation
Creators: name: Attems, Maximilian
name: Brewer, Jasmine
name: Innocenti, Gian Michele
name: Mazeliauskas, Aleksas
name: Park, Sohyun
name: van der Schee, Wilke
name: Wiedemann, Urs
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the same QCD formalism that accounts for the suppression of high-$p_T$ hadron and jet spectra in heavy-ion collisions predicts medium-enhanced production of $c\bar{c}$ pairs in jets.
description: 5 pages, 7 figures
El 1, 2 y 3 de los derechos humanos
Creators: name: Perdomo Vela, Liliana
Publisher: name: Universidad del Rosario
Year: 2022

description: Recurso interactivo perteneciente al mooc Derechos humanos y empresas en el cual se presentan algunos conceptos relevantes en materia de derecho internacional de los derechos humanos.
Kidney Function and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease and Mortality in Kidney Transplant Recipients: The FAVORIT Trial: GFR and CVD Risk in Kidney Transplant
Creators: name: Kusek, J. W.
name: Bostom, A. G.
name: Kim, S. J.
name: Levey, A. S.
name: Kasiske, B. L.
name: Cole, E. H.
name: Hunsicker, L.
name: Carpenter, M. A.
name: Ivanova, A.
name: Weiner, D. E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: In kidney transplant recipients, cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death. The relationship of kidney function with CVD outcomes in transplant recipients remains uncertain. We performed a post-hoc analysis of the Folic Acid for Vascular Outcome Reduction in Transplantation (FAVORIT) Trial to assess risk factors for CVD and mortality in kidney transplant recipients. Following adjustment for demographic, clinical and transplant characteristics, and traditional CVD risk factors, proportional hazards models were used to explore the association of estimated GFR with incident CVD and all-cause mortality. In 4016 participants, mean age was 52 years and 20% had prior CVD. Mean eGFR was 49±18 mL/min/1.73m2. In 3,676 participants with complete data, there were 527 CVD events over a median of 3.8 years. Following adjustment, each 5 mL/min/1.73m2 higher eGFR at levels below 45 mL/min/1.73m2 was associated with a 15% lower risk of both CVD [HR = 0.85 (0.80, 0.90)] and death [HR = 0.85 (0.79, 0.90)], while there was no association between eGFR and outcomes at levels above 45 mL/min/1.73m2. In conclusion, in stable kidney transplant recipients, lower eGFR is independently associated with adverse events, suggesting that reduced kidney function itself rather than pre-existing comorbidity may lead to CVD.
Distributions of topological observables in inclusive three- and four-jet events in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV
Creators: name: CMS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper presents distributions of topological observables in inclusive three- and four-jet events produced in pp collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV with a data sample collected by the CMS experiment corresponding to a luminosity of 5.1 inverse femtobarns. The distributions are corrected for detector effects, and compared with several event generators based on two- and multi-parton matrix elements at leading order. Among the considered calculations, MADGRAPH interfaced with PYTHIA6 displays the best overall agreement with data.
description: Replaced with published version. Added journal reference and DOI
Outcomes of Living and Deceased Donor Liver Transplant Recipients With Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Results of the A2ALL Cohort †: Outcomes of LDLT and DDLT Recipients With HCC
Creators: name: Everson, G. T.
name: Lok, A. S. F.
name: Kulik, L. M.
name: Hayashi, P. H.
name: Hong, J. C.
name: Freise, C. E.
name: Fisher, R. A.
name: Rodrigo, D. R.
name: Everhart, J. E.
name: Berg, C. L.
name: Brown Jr., R. S.
name: Shaked, A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) represents an increasing fraction of liver transplant indications; the role of living donor liver transplant (LDLT) remains unclear. Recurrence and post-transplant mortality rates were compared in LDLT and deceased donor liver transplant (DDLT) patients with at least one potential living donor evaluated. HCC recurrence and post-transplant mortality were evaluated among 100 LDLT and 97 DDLT recipients in the Adult-to-Adult Living Donor Liver Transplantation Cohort Study. Mortality from date of evaluation of each recipient’s first potential living donor was analyzed. LDLT recipients had shorter time to transplant, were more likely to have tumors exceeding Milan criteria, higher alpha-fetoprotein levels, and less likely to have received pre-operative loco-regional therapy than DDLT recipients. Unadjusted 5-year HCC recurrence was significantly higher after LDLT (38%) than DDLT (11%), (p=0.0004). After adjustment for tumor characteristics, HCC recurrence remained significantly different between LDLT and DDLT recipients (hazard ratio (HR) = 2.35; p=0.04) for the overall cohort but not for recipients transplanted following the introduction of MELD prioritization. Five-year post-transplant survival was similar in LDLT and DDLT recipients from time of transplant (HR=1.32; p=0.27) and from date of LDLT evaluation (HR=0.73; p=0.36). We conclude that the higher recurrence observed after LDLT is likely due to differences in tumor characteristics, pre-transplant HCC management, and waiting time.
Emotional fitness and the movement of affective science from lab to field.
Creators: name: Fredrickson, Barbara L.
name: Algoe, Sara B.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Emotions provide a ubiquitous and consequential backdrop to daily life, influencing everything from physiology to interpersonal relationships in the blink of an eye. Instances of emotional experience accumulate and compound to impact overall mental and physical health. Under optimal conditions, emotions are adaptive for the successful navigation of daily life. However, situational features of military life likely amplify everyday emotions and their impact, creating the need for soldiers to have a well-oiled emotional resilience system in place from the start, to be maintained throughout their careers. Basic research in affective science has identified the active ingredients that would be required in order for such a system of skills and abilities to have maximum impact on overall emotional fitness. Results of this emotional resilience training may provide compounding benefits for the individual as well as have spreading impact for the benefit of the military unit and other social connections. The Comprehensive Soldier Fitness initiative highlights important new frontiers in affective science and presents a challenge to our field that requires taking a second look at the theory-testing process.
Quasi-local critical nature of cooperative paramagnetic fluctuations in CaRuO$_{3}$ metal
Creators: name: Gunasekera, J.
name: Harriger, L.
name: Heitmann, T.
name: Knoll, H.
name: Singh, D. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report new observation of cooperative paramagnetic fluctuations of Ru$^{4+}$ spins that coexist with the non-Fermi liquid state in CaRuO$_{3}$ perovskite below T $\simeq$ 22 K. Detailed electrical, magnetic and neutron scattering measurements reveal that the Ru$^{4+}$ ions reside in magnetic field independent random domains with dynamic properties that are reminiscent of the cooperative paramagnetic fluctuations. The linear ($E/T$) scaling of the dynamic susceptibilities and divergence of the mean relaxation time as $T$$\rightarrow$~0 K suggest quasi-local critical nature of the spin fluctuations. We argue that the non-Fermi liquid behavior arises due to the quantum critical nature of the cooperative paramagnetic fluctuations in CaRuO$_{3}$
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Decision making and cancer.
Creators: name: Reyna, Valerie F.
name: Nelson, Wendy L.
name: Han, Paul K.
name: Pignone, Michael P.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: We review decision-making along the cancer continuum in the contemporary context of informed and shared decision making, in which patients are encouraged to take a more active role in their health care. We discuss challenges to achieving informed and shared decision making, including cognitive limitations and emotional factors, but argue that understanding the mechanisms of decision making offers hope for improving decision support. Theoretical approaches to decision making that explain cognition, emotion, and their interaction are described, including classical psychophysical approaches, dual-process approaches that focus on conflicts between emotion versus cognition (or reason), and modern integrative approaches such as fuzzy-trace theory. In contrast to the earlier emphasis on rote use of numerical detail, modern approaches emphasize understanding the bottom-line gist of options (which encompasses emotion and other influences on meaning) and retrieving relevant social and moral values to apply to those gist representations. Finally, research on interventions to support better decision making in clinical settings is reviewed, drawing out implications for future research on decision making and cancer.
Neural Integral Equations
Creators: name: Zappala, Emanuele
name: Fonseca, Antonio Henrique de Oliveira
name: Caro, Josue Ortega
name: Moberly, Andrew Henry
name: Higley, Michael James
name: Cardin, Jessica
name: van Dijk, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nonlinear operators with long distance spatiotemporal dependencies are fundamental in modeling complex systems across sciences, yet learning these nonlocal operators remains challenging in machine learning. Integral equations (IEs), which model such nonlocal systems, have wide ranging applications in physics, chemistry, biology, and engineering. We introduce Neural Integral Equations (NIE), a method for learning unknown integral operators from data using an IE solver. To improve scalability and model capacity, we also present Attentional Neural Integral Equations (ANIE), which replaces the integral with self-attention. Both models are grounded in the theory of second kind integral equations, where the indeterminate appears both inside and outside the integral operator. We provide theoretical analysis showing how self-attention can approximate integral operators under mild regularity assumptions, further deepening previously reported connections between transformers and integration, and deriving corresponding approximation results for integral operators. Through numerical benchmarks on synthetic and real world data, including Lotka-Volterra, Navier-Stokes, and Burgers' equations, as well as brain dynamics and integral equations, we showcase the models' capabilities and their ability to derive interpretable dynamics embeddings. Our experiments demonstrate that ANIE outperforms existing methods, especially for longer time intervals and higher dimensional problems. Our work addresses a critical gap in machine learning for nonlocal operators and offers a powerful tool for studying unknown complex systems with long range dependencies.
description: 16 + 26 pages, 18 figures and 10 tables. v5: Some additional experiments have been performed, some explanations and reference added. Article published on Nature Machine Intelligence with the more descriptive title: "Learning integral operators via neural integral equations"
Forum Insight: Building Digital Capacity in Irish Higher Education 2013-18
Creators: name: :: National Forum For The Enhancement Of Teaching And Learning In Higher Education
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 130103 Higher Education
subject: FOS: Educational sciences

description: This Forum Insight provides a short summary of the report, Building Digital Capacity in Irish Higher Education 2013-18
"Hide the girls": Sexual Violence in the Russia-Ukraine War
Creators: name: Mannell, Tessa
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2023

description: This thesis is based on twenty public accounts of conflict-related sexual violence (CRSV) in the Russia-Ukraine war. This project aimed to answer one question: Why have Russian soldiers committed sexual violence against Ukrainian civilians since Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine? After reviewing the literature on CRSV and conducting a thematic analysis of firsthand accounts of sexual violence during the war, I evaluate competing arguments for understanding Russian CRSV in Ukraine as genocide, ethnic cleansing, or military strategy. I theorize about the roles of unit subcultures, commander tolerance, and moral disengagement. Ultimately, I argue that Russian soldiers committed CRSV because they knew they would likely die in Ukraine, blamed Ukrainians for the war and thus for their circumstances, sought to forge troop cohesion among units of disorganized and often drunk strangers, were desensitized to the atrocity of their actions, and did not expect to face the consequences.