cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Electron-Vibron Coupling at Metal-Organic Interfaces from Theory and Experiment
Creators: name: Rosenow, Phil
name: Jakob, Peter
name: Tonner, Ralf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the significance and characteristics of interfacial dynamical charge transfer at metal-organic interfaces for the organic semiconductor model system 1,4,5,8-naphthalene-tetracarboxylic dianhydride (NTCDA) on Ag(111) quantitatively. We combine infrared absorption spectroscopy and dispersion-corrected density functional theory calculations to analyze dynamic dipole moments and electron-vibron coupling at the interface. We demonstrate that interfacial dynamical charge transfer is the dominant cause of infrared activity in these systems and that it correlates with results from partial charge and density of states analysis. Nuclear motion generates an additional dynamic dipole moment but represents a minor effect except for modes with significant out-of-plane amplitudes.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures
GOALS ACHIEVEMENT IN THE TEACHER'S CAREER
Creators: name: Ibragimova, Shakhlo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: The teaching profession is characterized by dynamic challenges and opportunities that influence educators’ career trajectories. This paper explores the goals achievement of teachers by examining the factors that contribute to their professional satisfaction and success. Utilizing qualitative methods, including participant observations and semi-structured interviews, this study engaged 40 teachers across various educational settings. Data analysis was performed using thematic coding to identify the relational dynamics between goal-setting practices, institutional support, and personal motivations. The results indicate that clear goal-setting, continuous professional development, and supportive administrative environments significantly contribute to teachers' success. This study reaffirms that achieving professional goals enhances teacher efficacy and promotes better educational outcomes.
title: Morphing Wing, UAV and Aircraft Multidisciplinary Studies at the Laboratory of Applied Research in Active Controls, Avionics and AeroServoElasticity LARCASE
Creators: name: Botez, Ruxandra
Publisher: name: ONERA
Year: 2018
Subjects: MORPHING WING
AIRCRAFT
UAV
AERODYNAMICS
AEROELASTICITY
CONTROLS
ACTUATORS
SENSORS

description: AerospaceLab Journal, Issue 14, September 2018; ISSN: 2107-6596
description: Several large-scale projects were carried out at the LARCASE at ETS in numerical studies and experimental tests for morphing aircraft using three equipments. In this article, these projects are explained. First, two projects have been carried out at LARCASE on morphing wing studies in collaboration with industrial and research institutes teams. The first project was carried out in collaboration with aerospace
companies, such as Bombardier Aerospace, Thales Canada, the Institute of Aerospace
Research  National Research Council of Canada IAR-NRC, and Ecole Polytechnique. The
second project was carried out internationally as it took place with the same Canadian
partners as those involved in the first project, but it also took place in collaboration with
Italian partners of Alenia, CIRA and University of Naples  Frederico II. In these two
projects, two morphing wings were designed, and then manufactured and equipped with
several actuators and pressure sensors. These morphing wings designed to improve their
aerodynamic performance were then tested in the IAR-NRC wind tunnel. The LARCASE
Price-Paidoussis wind tunnel was used for the design and experimental testing of the
ATR-42 model aircraft morphing wing models. Numerical results have been obtained
following morphing studies of autonomous aerial systems UAS-S4 or S-45. Other
morphing type concepts were also applied to the wings and horizontal tail of the Cessna
Citation X business aircraft in order to reduce fuel consumption and flight distance.
Framework for In-Silico Neuromodulatory Peripheral Nerve Electrode Experiments to Inform Design and Visualize Mechanisms
Creators: name: Lazorchak, Nathaniel L
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 400309
subject: Neural engineering

description: The nervous system exists as our interface to the world, both integrating and interpreting sensory information and coordinating voluntary and involuntary movements. Given its importance, it has become a target for neuromodulatory therapies. The research to develop these therapies cannot be done purely on living tissues - animals, manpower, and equipment make that cost prohibitive and, given the cost of life required, it would be unethical to not search for alternatives. Computation modeling, the use of mathematics and modern computational power to simulate phenomena, has sought to provide such an alternative since the work of Hodgkin and Huxley in 1952. These models, though they cannot yet replace in-vivo and in-vitro experiments, can ease the burden on living tissues and provide details difficult or impossible to ascertain from them. This thesis iterates on previous frameworks for performing in-silico experiments for the purposes of mechanistic exploration and threshold prediction. To do so, an existing volume conductor model and validated nerve-fiber model were joined and a series of programs were developed around them to perform a set of in-silico experiments. The experiments are designed to predict changes in thresholds of behaviors elicited by bioelectric neuromodulation to parametric changes in experimental setup and to explore the mechanisms behind bioelectric neuromodulation, particularly surrounding the recently discovered Low Frequency Alternating Current (LFAC) waveform. This framework improved upon its predecessors through efficiency-oriented design and modularity, allowing for rapid simulation on consumer-grade computers. Results show a high degree of convergence with in-vivo experimental results, such as mechanistic alignment with LFAC and being within an order of magnitude of in-vivo pulse-stimulation threshold results for equivalent in-vivo and in-silico experimental designs.
Induced topological pressure for topological dynamical(to appear in JPM)
Creators: name: Xing, Zhitao
name: Chen, Ercai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, inspired by the article [5], we introduce the induced topological pressure for a topological dynamical system. In particular, we prove a variational principle for the induced topological pressure.
Fast Modes and Dusty Horseshoes in Transitional Disks
Creators: name: Mittal, Tushar
name: Chiang, Eugene
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The brightest transitional protoplanetary disks are often azimuthally asymmetric: their mm-wave thermal emission peaks strongly on one side. Dust overdensities can exceed $\sim$100:1, while gas densities vary by factors less than a few. We propose that these remarkable ALMA observations---which may bear on how planetesimals form---reflect a gravitational global mode in the gas disk. The mode is (1) fast---its pattern speed equals the disk's mean Keplerian frequency; (2) of azimuthal wavenumber $m=1$, displacing the host star from the barycenter; and (3) Toomre-stable. We solve for gas streamlines including the indirect stellar potential in the frame rotating with the pattern speed, under the drastic simplification that gas does not feel its own gravity. Near co-rotation, the gas disk takes the form of a horseshoe-shaped annulus. Dust particles with aerodynamic stopping times much shorter or much longer than the orbital period are dragged by gas toward the horseshoe center. For intermediate stopping times, dust converges toward a $\sim$45$^\circ$-wide arc on the co-rotation circle. Particles that do not reach their final accumulation points within disk lifetimes, either because of gas turbulence or long particle drift times, conform to horseshoe-shaped gas streamlines. Our mode is not self-consistent because we neglect gas self-gravity; still, we expect that trends between accumulation location and particle size, similar to those we have found, are generically predicted by fast modes and are potentially observable. Unlike vortices, global modes are not restricted in radial width to the pressure scale height; their large radial and azimuthal extents may better match observations.
description: Accepted to ApJ Letters
title: Overview of the Aeroelastic Capabilities of the elsA Solver within the Context of Aeronautical Engines
Creators: name: Dugeai, Alain
name: Mauffrey, Yann
name: Placzek, Antoine
name: Verley, Simon
Publisher: name: ONERA
Year: 2018
Subjects: TURBOMACHINE
OPEN-ROTOR
AEROELASTICITY
COUPLING
FLUTTER
FORCED RESPONSE
MULTI-STAGE
NAVIER-STOKES

description: AerospaceLab Journal, Issue 14, September 2018; ISSN: 2107-6596
description: This paper presents the status of current development and research activities conducted at ONERA concerning the numerical modelling of aeroelastic phenomena of rotating machines. Three different topics are detailed after a short reminder of some features of ONERAs CFD solver elsA. The first one addresses the development of methodologies for taking into account geometrical non-linear structural behavior in the modelling of the static aeroelasticity of large fan blades. The second one presents the current capabilities available for aeroelastic stability analyses of rotating machines conducted within the frame of stage and multi-stage configurations.
The third point concerns the resolution of aeroelastic forced response problems. An
overview of recent applications in the field of turbomachinery aeroelasticity will finally
be drawn before giving some perspectives of new activities.
Efficient synthesis of triarylamine-based dyes for p-type dye-sensitized solar cells
Creators: name: Wild, Martin
name: Griebel, Jan
name: Hajduk, Anna
name: Friedrich, Dirk
name: Stark, Annegret
name: Abel, Bernd
name: Siefermann, Katrin R.
Publisher: name: London : Nature Publishing Group
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 530

description: The class of triarylamine-based dyes has proven great potential as efficient light absorbers in inverse (p-type) dye sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). However, detailed investigation and further improvement of p-type DSSCs is strongly hindered by the fact that available synthesis routes of triarylamine-based dyes are inefficient and particularly demanding with regard to time and costs. Here, we report on an efficient synthesis strategy for triarylamine-based dyes for p-type DSSCs. A protocol for the synthesis of the dye-precursor (4-(bis(4-bromophenyl)amino)benzoic acid) is presented along with its X-ray crystal structure. The dye precursor is obtained from the commercially available 4(diphenylamino)benzaldehyde in a yield of 87% and serves as a starting point for the synthesis of various triarylamine-based dyes. Starting from the precursor we further describe a synthesis protocol for the dye 4-{bis[4′-(2,2-dicyanovinyl)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-4-yl]amino}benzoic acid (also known as dye P4) in a yield of 74%. All synthesis steps are characterized by high yields and high purities without the need for laborious purification steps and thus fulfill essential requirements for scale-up.
title: Modelling the Damping at the Junction between Two Substructures by Non-Linear Meta-Models
Creators: name: Kehr-Candille, Veronique
Publisher: name: ONERA
Year: 2018
Subjects: DAMPING
JUNCTION MODEL
BOUC-WEN MODEL

description: AerospaceLab Journal, Issue 14, September 2018; ISSN: 2107-6596
description: We are interested in the modelling of the damping at the junction between two substructures. We model the connection by a meta-model, which takes into account both dissipative and non-linear aspects of the connection. We use the Bouc-Wen meta-model. This model is adapted for insertion into a finite element model. We obtained a non-linear dynamical system, which can be solved in the time domain with a Runge-Kutta algorithm. A software tool corresponding to this method is developed. To decrease calculation costs, we reduce the size of the system by a Craig-Bampton method. We present an application on an academic test-case, and also a comparison with experimental results.
ENABLING REAL TIME INSTRUMENTATION USING RESERVOIR SAMPLING AND BIN PACKING
Creators: name: Meruga, Sai Pavan Kumar
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 461207
subject: Software quality, processes and metrics
classificationCode: 461208
subject: Software testing, verification and validation

description: Software Instrumentation is the process of collecting data during an application’s runtime, which will help us debug, detect errors and optimize the performance of the binary. The recent increase in demand for low latency and high throughput systems has introduced new challenges to the process of Software Instrumentation. Software Instrumentation, especially dynamic, has a huge impact on systems performance in scenarios where there is no early knowledge of data to be collected. Naive approaches collect too much or too little data, negatively impacting the system’s performance. This thesis investigates the overhead added by reservoir sampling algorithms at different levels of granularity in real-time instrumentation of distributed software systems. Also, this thesis describes the implementation of sampling techniques and algorithms to reduce the overhead caused by instrumentation.
Spin Hall magnetoresistance in metallic bilayers
Creators: name: Kim, Junyeon
name: Sheng, Peng
name: Takahashi, Saburo
name: Mitani, Seiji
name: Hayashi, Masamitsu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spin Hall magnetoresistance (SMR) is studied in metallic bilayers that consist of heavy metal (HM) layer and a ferromagnetic metal (FM) layer. We find nearly a ten-fold increase of SMR in W/CoFeB compared to previously studied HM/ferromagnetic insulator (FI) systems. The SMR increases with decreasing temperature despite the negligible change in the W layer resistivity with temperature. A model is developed to account for the absorption of the longitudinal spin current to the FM layer, one of the key characteristics of a metallic ferromagnet. We find that the model not only quantitatively describes the HM layer thickness dependence of SMR, allowing accurate estimation of the spin Hall angle and the spin diffusion length of the HM layer, but also can account for the temperature dependence of SMR by assuming a temperature dependent spin polarization of the FM layer. These results illustrate the unique role a metallic ferromagnetic layer plays in defining spin transmission across the HM/FM interface.
title: Descent Methods for Design Optimization under Uncertainty
Creators: name: Poirion, Fabrice
name: Mercier, Quentin
Publisher: name: ONERA
Year: 2018
Subjects: MULTIOBECTIVE OPTIMIZATION
UNCERTAINTY
STOCHASTIC ALGORITHM
RELIABILITY

description: AerospaceLab Journal, Issue 14, September 2018; ISSN: 2107-6596
description: This paper is about optimization under uncertainty, when the uncertain parameters are modeled through random variables. Contrary to traditional robust approaches, which deal with a deterministic problem through a worst-case scenario formulation, the stochastic algorithms presented introduce the distribution of the random variables modeling the uncertainty. For single-objective problems such methods are currently classical, based on the Robbins-Monro algorithm. When several objectives are involved, the optimization problem becomes much more difficult and the few available methods in the literature are based on a genetic approach coupled with Monte-Carlo approaches, which are numerically very expensive. We present a new algorithm for solving the expectation formulation of stochastic smooth or non-smooth multi-objective optimization problems. The proposed method is an extension of the classical stochastic gradient algorithm to multi-objective optimization, using the properties of a common descent vector. The mean square and the almost-certain convergence of the algorithm are proven. The algorithm efficiency is illustrated and assessed on an academic example.
Material insights of HfO2-based integrated 1-transistor-1-resistor resistive random access memory devices processed by batch atomic layer deposition
Creators: name: Niu, Gang
name: Kim, Hee-Dong
name: Roelofs, Robin
name: Perez, Eduardo
name: Schubert, Markus Andreas
name: Zaumseil, Peter
name: Costina, Ioan
name: Wenger, Christian
Publisher: name: London : Nature Publishing Group
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Electrical and electronic engineering
subject: electronic and spintronic devices
subject: information storage
subject: structural properties
subject: 620

description: With the continuous scaling of resistive random access memory (RRAM) devices, in-depth understanding of the physical mechanism and the material issues, particularly by directly studying integrated cells, become more and more important to further improve the device performances. In this work, HfO2-based integrated 1-transistor-1-resistor (1T1R) RRAM devices were processed in a standard 0.25 μm complementary-metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) process line, using a batch atomic layer deposition (ALD) tool, which is particularly designed for mass production. We demonstrate a systematic study on TiN/Ti/HfO2/TiN/Si RRAM devices to correlate key material factors (nano-crystallites and carbon impurities) with the filament type resistive switching (RS) behaviours. The augmentation of the nano-crystallites density in the film increases the forming voltage of devices and its variation. Carbon residues in HfO2 films turn out to be an even more significant factor strongly impacting the RS behaviour. A relatively higher deposition temperature of 300 °C dramatically reduces the residual carbon concentration, thus leading to enhanced RS performances of devices, including lower power consumption, better endurance and higher reliability. Such thorough understanding on physical mechanism of RS and the correlation between material and device performances will facilitate the realization of high density and reliable embedded RRAM devices with low power consumption.
Probing the role of dynamical friction in shaping the BSS radial distribution. I - Semi-analytical models and preliminary N-body simulations
Creators: name: Miocchi, P.
name: Pasquato, M.
name: Lanzoni, B.
name: Ferraro, F. R.
name: Dalessandro, E.
name: Vesperini, E.
name: Alessandrini, E.
name: Lee, Y. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present semi-analytical models and simplified $N$-body simulations with $10^4$ and $10^5$ particles aimed at probing the role of dynamical friction (DF) in determining the radial distribution of Blue Straggler Stars (BSSs) in globular clusters. The semi-analytical models show that DF (which is the only evolutionary mechanism at work) is responsible for the formation of a bimodal distribution with a dip progressively moving toward the external regions of the cluster. However, these models fail to reproduce the formation of the long-lived central peak observed in all dynamically evolved clusters. The results of $N$-body simulations confirm the formation of a sharp central peak, which remains as a stable feature over the time regardless of the initial concentration of the system. In spite of a noisy behavior, a bimodal distribution forms in many cases, with the size of the dip increasing as a function of time. In the most advanced stages the distribution becomes monotonic. These results are in agreement with the observations. Also the shape of the peak and the location of the minimum (which in most of the cases is within 10 core radii) turn out to be consistent with observational results. For a more detailed and close comparison with observations, including a proper calibration of the timescales of the dynamical processes driving the evolution of the BSS spatial distribution, more realistic simulations will be necessary.
description: Accepted for publication by ApJ; 11 pages, 11 figures
Rewiring Police Officer Training Networks to Reduce Forecasted Use of Force
Creators: name: Pandey, Ritika
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 461199
subject: Machine learning not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 460502
subject: Data mining and knowledge discovery
classificationCode: 460299
subject: Artificial intelligence not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 490508
subject: Statistical data science
classificationCode: 440211
subject: Police administration, procedures and practice

description:
 Police use of force has become a topic of significant concern, particularly given the disparate impact on communities of color. Research has shown that police officer involved shootings, misconduct and excessive use of force complaints exhibit network effects, where officers are at greater risk of being involved in these incidents when they socialize with officers who have a history of use of force and misconduct. Given that use of force and misconduct behavior appear to be transmissible across police networks, we are attempting to address if police networks can be altered to reduce use of force and misconduct events in a limited scope.
 In this work, we analyze a novel dataset from the Indianapolis Metropolitan Police Department on officer field training, subsequent use of force, and the role of network effects from field training officers. We construct a network survival model for analyzing time-to-event of use of force incidents involving new police trainees. The model includes network effects of the diffusion of risk from field training officers (FTOs) to trainees. We then introduce a network rewiring algorithm to maximize the expected time to use of force events upon completion of field training. We study several versions of the algorithm, including constraints that encourage demographic diversity of FTOs. The results show that FTO use of force history is the best predictor of trainee's time to use of force in the survival model and rewiring the network can increase the expected time (in days) of a recruit's first use of force incident by 8%. We then discuss the potential benefits and challenges associated with implementing such an algorithm in practice.
Scaling Relations Between Warm Galactic Outflows and Their Host Galaxies
Creators: name: Chisholm, John
name: Tremonti, Christina A.
name: Leitherer, Claus
name: Chen, Yanmei
name: Wofford, Aida
name: Lundgren, Britt
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on a sample of 51 nearby, star-forming galaxies observed with the Cosmic Origin Spectrograph on the Hubble Space Telescope. We calculate Si II kinematics and densities arising from warm gas entrained in galactic outflows. We use multi-wavelength ancillary data to estimate stellar masses (M$_\ast$), star-formation rates (SFR), and morphologies. We derive significant correlations between outflow velocity and SFR$^{\sim 0.1}$, M$_\ast^{\sim 0.1}$ and v$_\text{circ}^{\sim 1/2}$. Some mergers drive outflows faster than these relations prescribe, launching the outflow faster than the escape velocity. Calculations of the mass outflow rate reveal strong scaling with SFR$^{\sim 1/2}$ and M$_\ast^{\sim 1/2}$. Additionally, mass-loading efficiency factors (mass outflow rate divided by SFR) scale approximately as M$_\ast^{-1/2}$. Both the outflow velocity and mass-loading scaling suggest that these outflows are powered by supernovae, with only 0.7% of the total supernovae energy converted into the kinetic energy of the warm outflow. Galaxies lose some gas if log(M$_\ast$/M$_\odot$) < $9.5$, while more massive galaxies retain all of their gas, unless they undergo a merger. This threshold for gas loss can explain the observed shape of the mass-metallicity relation.
description: 28 pages, 15 figures, submitted to ApJ
title: On the Validation and Use of High-Fidelity Numerical Simulations for Gust Response Analysis
Creators: name: Huvelin, Fabien
name: Dequand, Sylvie
name: Lepage, Arnaud
name: Liauzun, Cedric
Publisher: name: ONERA
Year: 2018
Subjects: AEROELASTICITY
AEROELASTICITE
GUST MODELING
MODELISATION DE LA RAFALE
NUMERICAL SIMULATION
SIMULATION NUMERIQUE
CFD
PHYSICAL VALIDATION
VALIDATION PHYSIQUE
GUST LOAD ALLEVIATION
REDUCTION DE CHARGES A LA RAFALE

description: Specific gust response is considered as one of the most important loads encountered by an aircraft. The Certification Specification (CS) 25, defined by the European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA), and the Federal Aviation Regulations (FAR) 25, defined by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), describe the critical gusts that an aircraft must withstand. They must be analyzed for a large range of flight points (Altitude and Equivalent Air speed) and mass configurations. For some load cases, the standard tools could not be accurate enough to correctly predict the gust response and the use of high-fidelity computation could be required. Therefore, ONERA has implemented in its in-house Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) code elsA (ONERA Airbus-Safran property) the capability to compute the high-fidelity aeroelastic gust response, directly in the time-domain, for different discrete gust shapes. This paper presents some recent work achieved at ONERA concerning high-fidelity simulations for gust response. First, a physical validation of the gust response simulation is performed by comparing the results to those obtained experimentally on a scaled model. Second, numerical comparisons are performed using various techniques, in order to model the gust. Finally, an application for generic regional aircraft is shown.
description: AerospaceLab Journal, Issue 14,September 2018; ISSN: 2107-6596
Formation of metallic magnetic clusters in a Kondo-lattice metal: Evidence from an optical study
Creators: name: Kovaleva, N.N.
name: Kugel, K.I.
name: Bazhenov, A.V.
name: Fursova, T.N.
name: Löser, W.
name: Xu, Y.
name: Behr, G.
name: Kusmartsev, F.V.
Publisher: name: London : Nature Publishing Group
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Electronic devices
subject: Structural properties
subject: Structure of solids and liquids
subject: Synthesis of graphene
subject: 620

description: Magnetic materials are usually divided into two classes: those with localised magnetic moments, and those with itinerant charge carriers. We present a comprehensive experimental (spectroscopic ellipsomerty) and theoretical study to demonstrate that these two types of magnetism do not only coexist but complement each other in the Kondo-lattice metal, Tb2PdSi3. In this material the itinerant charge carriers interact with large localised magnetic moments of Tb(4f) states, forming complex magnetic lattices at low temperatures, which we associate with self-organisation of magnetic clusters. The formation of magnetic clusters results in low-energy optical spectral weight shifts, which correspond to opening of the pseudogap in the conduction band of the itinerant charge carriers and development of the low- and high-spin intersite electronic transitions. This phenomenon, driven by self-trapping of electrons by magnetic fluctuations, could be common in correlated metals, including besides Kondo-lattice metals, Fe-based and cuprate superconductors.
Heavy fermion properties of the Kondo Lattice model
Creators: name: Sykora, Steffen
name: Becker, Klaus W.
Publisher: name: London : Nature Publishing Group
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Applied mathematics
subject: Electronic properties and materials
subject: Electronic structure
subject: Phase transitions and critical phenomena
subject: 620

description: We study the S = 1/2 Kondo lattice model which is widely used to describe heavy fermion behavior. In conventional treatments of the model the Kondo interaction is decoupled in favour of a hybridization of conduction and localized f electrons. However, such an approximation breaks the local gauge symmetry and implicates that the local f-occupation is no longer conserved. To avoid these problems, we use in this work an alternative approach to the model based on the Projective Renormalization Method (PRM). Thereby, within the conduction electron spectral function we identify the lattice Kondo resonance as an almost flat excitation near the Fermi surface which is composed of conduction electron creation operators combined with localized spin fluctuations. This leads to an alternative description of the Kondo resonance without having to resort to an artificial symmetry breaking.
Proton annihilation at hadron colliders and Kamioka: high-energy versus high-luminosity
Creators: name: Bramante, Joseph
name: Kumar, Jason
name: Learned, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine models and prospects for proton annihilation to dileptons, a process which violates baryon and lepton number each by two. We determine that currently Super-Kamiokande would place the most draconian bound on $pp \rightarrow \ell^+ \ell^+$, ruling out new physics below a scale of $\sim 1.6$ TeV. We also find present and future hadron collider sensitivity to these processes. While 8 TeV LHC data excludes new physics at a scale below $\sim 800$ GeV, the reach of a 14 TeV LHC run is $\sim 1.8$ TeV, putting it on par with the sensitivity of Super-Kamiokande. On the other hand, a 100 TeV proton-proton collider would be sensitive to proton annihilation at a scale up to 10 TeV, allowing it to far exceed the reach of both Super-Kamiokande and the projected 2 TeV reach of Hyper-Kamiokande. Constraints from neutron star observation and cosmological evolution are not competitive. Therefore, although high-luminosity water Cherenkov experiments currently place the leading bounds on baryon and lepton number violation, next generation high-energy hadron colliders will begin surpassing them in sensitivity to some $B/L$-violating processes.
description: 21 pages, 3 figures
Optical-resolution photoacoustic imaging through thick tissue with a thin capillary as a dual optical-in acoustic-out waveguide
Creators: name: Simandoux, Olivier
name: Stasio, Nicolino
name: Gateau, Jerome
name: Huignard, Jean-Pierre
name: Moser, Christophe
name: Psaltis, Demetri
name: Bossy, Emmanuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate the ability to guide high-frequency photoacoustic waves through thick tissue with a water-filled silica-capillary (150 μm inner diameter and 30 mm long). An optical-resolution photoacoustic image of a 30 μm diameter absorbing nylon thread was obtained by guiding the acoustic waves in the capillary through a 3 cm thick fat layer. The transmission loss through the capillary was about -20 dB, much lower than the -120 dB acoustic attenuation through the fat layer. The overwhelming acoustic attenuation of high-frequency acoustic waves by biological tissue can therefore be avoided by the use of a small footprint capillary acoustic waveguide for remote detection. We finally demonstrate that the capillary can be used as a dual optical-in acoustic-out waveguide, paving the way for the development of minimally invasive optical-resolution photoacoustic endoscopes free of any acoustic or optical elements at their imaging tip.
PAPER SPRAY-MASS SPECTROMETRY COUPLED WITH PRESSURE-SENSITIVE ADHESIVE-BASED COLLECTION FOR THE RECOVERY AND DETECTION OF DRUGS OF ABUSE
Creators: name: Prunty, Sarah
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 340101
subject: Analytical spectrometry
classificationCode: 349901
subject: Forensic chemistry

description: Illicit drug abuse is a widespread issue in the United States and worldwide. Many methods seek to ease the analytical workload required to collect, analyze, and identify these drugs. Paper spray-mass spectrometry (PS-MS) is one response to this analytical workload as it offers a rapid, affordable, and simple means for drug identification by mass spectrometry. This work centers on the use of pressure-sensitive adhesive (PSA) lined paper as a PS-MS substrate for drug recovery and detection. The use of PSA paper as a sampling and analysis substrate has been previously established but is expanded herein with new capabilities and applications. Chapter 2 introduces the combination of color tests followed by PS-MS for presumptive and confirmatory drug identification. Three color tests (cobalt thiocyanate, Simon, or Marquis) were performed on the PSA paper with subsequent drug confirmation occurring by PS-MS. Chapter 3 examines the use of PSA paper and PS-MS for the recovery and detection of fentanyl, fentanyl precursors, and analogs from shipping-related surfaces and in the presence of high amounts of cutting agents. The use of a cartridge that accommodates a full-sized PSA paper ticket was also explored for drug detection. Chapter 4 assesses PS-MS with PSA paper on portable MS instrumentation. Analyte recovery and carryover as well as instrument robustness were evaluated. The color test and PS-MS protocol examined in Chapter 2 was also successfully applied to a portable MS instrument. Application of PS-MS to the portable system highlights the potential fieldability of the technique.
Galaxy And Mass Assembly (GAMA): The galaxy luminosity function within the cosmic web
Creators: name: Eardley, E.
name: Peacock, J. A.
name: McNaught-Roberts, T.
name: Heymans, C.
name: Norberg, P.
name: Alpaslan, M.
name: Baldry, I.
name: Bland-Hawthorn, J.
name: Brough, S.
name: Cluver, M. E.
name: Driver, S. P.
name: Farrow, D. J.
name: Liske, J.
name: Loveday, J.
name: Robotham, A. S. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the dependence of the galaxy luminosity function on geometric environment within the Galaxy And Mass Assembly (GAMA) survey. The tidal tensor prescription, based on the Hessian of the pseudo-gravitational potential, is used to classify the cosmic web and define the geometric environments: for a given smoothing scale, we classify every position of the surveyed region, $0.04
description: 15 pages, 15 figures
The Galactic Center Black Hole Laboratory
Creators: name: Eckart, A.
name: Britzen, S.
name: Valencia-S., M.
name: Straubmeier, C.
name: Zensus, J. A.
name: Karas, V.
name: Kunneriath, D.
name: Alberdi, A.
name: Sabha, N.
name: Schödel, R.
name: Puetzfeld, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The super-massive 4 million solar mass black hole Sagittarius~A* (SgrA*) shows flare emission from the millimeter to the X-ray domain. A detailed analysis of the infrared light curves allows us to address the accretion phenomenon in a statistical way. The analysis shows that the near-infrared flare amplitudes are dominated by a single state power law, with the low states in SgrA* limited by confusion through the unresolved stellar background. There are several dusty objects in the immediate vicinity of SgrA*. The source G2/DSO is one of them. Its nature is unclear. It may be comparable to similar stellar dusty sources in the region or may consist predominantly of gas and dust. In this case a particularly enhanced accretion activity onto SgrA* may be expected in the near future. Here the interpretation of recent data and ongoing observations are discussed.
description: 30 pages - 7 figures - accepted for publication by Springer's "Fundamental Theories of Physics" series; summarizing GC contributions of 2 conferences: 'Equations of Motion in Relativistic Gravity' at the Physikzentrum Bad Honnef, Bad Honnef, Germany, (Feb. 17-23, 2013) and the COST MP0905 'The Galactic Center Black Hole Laboratory' Granada, Spain (Nov. 19 - 22, 2013)
title: Налоги и налогообложение
Creators: name: ELS IPR BOOKS
Publisher: name: Новосибирский государственный университет экономики и управления «НИНХ»
Year: 2022

description: Практикум предназначен для закрепления знаний и получения практического опыта студентами, обучающимися по программам среднего специального образования по дисциплине «Налоги и налогообложение». Каждая тема практикума содержит краткий теоретический и методический материал, примеры расчетов основных налогов, комплексы задач для самостоятельного решения, тестовые и ситуационные задания. Основная цель издания — научить студентов применять положения Налогового кодекса, помочь усвоить алгоритм исчисления налогов. Издание предназначено для студентов, обучающихся по специальностям 38.02.01 «Экономика и бухгалтерский учет (по отраслям)», 38.02.02. «Страховое дело (по отраслям)», 38.02.03 «Операционная деятельность в логистике».
title: It’s okay to be not okay: a study of how proactive motivational support can facilitate online undergraduate students with mental health challenges to become independent learners
Creators: name: Storkey, Annie
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2024

description: Online learning offers students with mental health challenges an opportunity to study flexibly from their own home, allowing them to manage their mental health needs alongside their studies. However, students with mental health challenges are less likely to complete and pass distance learning modules than other students (Richardson, 2015). Whilst there has been some research into the barriers faced by these students, notably McManus, Dryer and Henning (2017), there has been little research into how students might be supported to overcome them.


This research study explored the learning experiences of a tutor and four online undergraduate students with mental health challenges throughout an academic year using an emancipatory action research approach that promotes participant agency and voice to inform practice.
Three main themes were identified:


1. The anxious learner: This theme identified a cycle of information overload leading to confusion, anxiety and self-doubt, which may contribute to the decision to withdraw from online learning.

2. The complex circumstances: This theme highlights the competing obligations in the participants’ lives, including family and work commitments, as well as the impact of the module subject on study experience, and the taboo of mental illness.

3. The enabling environment: This theme discusses the challenge of effective communication and the need for proactive engagement by tutors, as well as identifying the resilience skills that the participants brought to their studies.


The research study identified new theory within the field of online education, including the development of a model of study anxiety experienced by online students with mental health challenges, greater understanding of the impact of mental health on student motivation, and establishing a connection between proactive motivational support and relationship building. The research study found that support which is proactive and motivates students with mental health challenges to engage with their studies establishes a personal connection between tutor and student. This contributes to a positive learning experience which facilitates the students to persevere and complete their modules. These findings indicate that academic tutors should explore proactive motivational approaches to student support to enable more inclusive teaching practice and reduce the inequality of outcomes for these students.
Ordered Peierls distortion prevented at growth onset of GeTe ultra-thin films
Creators: name: Wang, Ruining
name: Campi, Davide
name: Bernasconi, Marco
name: Momand, Jamo
name: Kooi, Bart J.
name: Verheijen, Marcel A.
name: Wuttig, Matthias
name: Calarco, Raffaella
Publisher: name: London : Nature Publishing Group
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Ferroelectrics and multiferroics
subject: Surfaces
subject: interfaces and thin films
subject: 530

description: Using reflection high-energy electron diffraction (RHEED), the growth onset of molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) deposited germanium telluride (GeTe) film on Si(111)-(√3 × √3)R30°-Sb surfaces is investigated, and a larger than expected in-plane lattice spacing is observed during the deposition of the first two molecular layers. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) confirms that the growth proceeds via closed layers, and that those are stable after growth. The comparison of the experimental Raman spectra with theoretical calculated ones allows assessing the shift of the phonon modes for a quasi-free-standing ultra-thin GeTe layer with larger in-plane lattice spacing. The manifestation of the latter phenomenon is ascribed to the influence of the interface and the confinement of GeTe within the limited volume of material available at growth onset, either preventing the occurrence of Peierls dimerization or their ordered arrangement to occur normally.
AiiDA: Automated Interactive Infrastructure and Database for Computational Science
Creators: name: Pizzi, Giovanni
name: Cepellotti, Andrea
name: Sabatini, Riccardo
name: Marzari, Nicola
name: Kozinsky, Boris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Computational science has seen in the last decades a spectacular rise in the scope, breadth, and depth of its efforts. Notwithstanding this prevalence and impact, it is often still performed using the renaissance model of individual artisans gathered in a workshop, under the guidance of an established practitioner. Great benefits could follow instead from adopting concepts and tools coming from computer science to manage, preserve, and share these computational efforts. We illustrate here our paradigm sustaining such vision, based around the four pillars of Automation, Data, Environment, and Sharing. We then discuss its implementation in the open-source AiiDA platform (http://www.aiida.net), that has been tuned first to the demands of computational materials science. AiiDA's design is based on directed acyclic graphs to track the provenance of data and calculations, and ensure preservation and searchability. Remote computational resources are managed transparently, and automation is coupled with data storage to ensure reproducibility. Last, complex sequences of calculations can be encoded into scientific workflows. We believe that AiiDA's design and its sharing capabilities will encourage the creation of social ecosystems to disseminate codes, data, and scientific workflows.
description: 30 pages, 7 figures
Shearing and geodesic axially symmetric perfect fluids that do not produce gravitational radiation
Creators: name: Herrera, L.
name: Di Prisco, A.
name: Ospino, J.
name: Carot, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using a framework based on the 1+3 formalism we carry out a study on axially and reflection symmetric perfect and geodesic fluids, looking for possible models of sources radiating gravitational waves. Therefore, the fluid should be necessarily shearing, for otherwise the magnetic part of the Weyl tensor vanishes, leading to a vanishing of the super-Poynting vector. However, for the family of perfect, geodesic fluids considered here, it appears that all possible cases reduce to conformally flat, shear--free, vorticity-free, fluids, i.e Friedmann-Roberston-Walker. The super-Poynting vector vanishes and therefore no gravitational radiation is expected to be produced. The physical meaning of the obtained result is discussed.
description: 11 pages, Revtex-4. Published in Phys.Rev.D
Deep Brain Dynamics and Images Mining for Tumor Detection and Precision Medicine
Creators: name: Ramesh, Lakshmi
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 460304
subject: Computer vision
classificationCode: 460307
subject: Multimodal analysis and synthesis
classificationCode: 461103
subject: Deep learning
classificationCode: 461104
subject: Neural networks

description: Automatic brain tumor segmentation in Magnetic Resonance Imaging scans is essential for the diagnosis, treatment, and surgery of cancerous tumors. However, identifying the hardly detectable tumors poses a considerable challenge, which are usually of different sizes, irregular shapes, and vague invasion areas. Current advancements have not yet fully leveraged the dynamics in the multiple modalities of MRI, since they usually treat multi-modality as multi-channel, and the early channel merging may not fully reveal inter-modal couplings and complementary patterns. In this thesis, we propose a novel deep cross-attention learning algorithm that maximizes the subtle dynamics mining from each of the input modalities and then boosts feature fusion capability. More specifically, we have designed a Multimodal Cross-Attention Module (MM-CAM), equipped with a 3D Multimodal Feature Rectification and Feature Fusion Module. Extensive experiments have shown that the proposed novel deep learning architecture, empowered by the innovative MM- CAM, produces higher-quality segmentation masks of the tumor subregions. Further, we have enhanced the algorithm with image matting refinement techniques. We propose to integrate a Progressive Refinement Module (PRM) and perform Cross-Subregion Refinement (CSR) for the precise identification of tumor boundaries. A Multiscale Dice Loss was also successfully employed to enforce additional supervision for the auxiliary segmentation outputs. This enhancement will facilitate effectively matting-based refinement for medical image segmentation applications. Overall, this thesis, with deep learning, transformer-empowered pattern mining, and sophisticated architecture designs, will greatly advance deep brain dynamics and images mining for tumor detection and precision medicine.