cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
New X-ray Detections of WNL Stars
Creators: name: Skinner, Stephen L.
name: Zhekov, Svetozar A.
name: Guedel, Manuel
name: Schmutz, Werner
name: Sokal, Kimberly R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Previous studies have demonstrated that putatively single nitrogen-type Wolf-Rayet stars (WN stars) without known companions are X-ray sources. However, almost all WN star X-ray detections so far have been of earlier WN2 - WN6 spectral subtypes. Later WN7 - WN9 subtypes (also known as WNL stars) have proved more difficult to detect, an important exception being WR 79a (WN9ha). We present here new X-ray detections of the WNL stars WR 16 (WN8h) and WR 78 (WN7h). These new results, when combined with previous detections, demonstrate that X-ray emission is present in WN stars across the full range of spectral types, including later WNL stars. The two WN8 stars observed to date (WR 16 and WR 40) show unusually low X-ray luminosities (Lx) compared to other WN stars, and it is noteworthy that they also have the lowest terminal wind speeds (v_infty). Existing X-ray detections of about a dozen WN stars reveal a trend of increasing Lx with wind luminosity Lwind = (1/2) M_dot v_infty^2, suggesting that wind kinetic energy may play a key role in establishing X-ray luminosity levels in WN stars.
description: 20 pages, 5 figures
Tacit Teaching and the Educative Context: Bringing Intentionality to the Hidden Curriculum
Creators: name: Hiebert, Matthew
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Education--Curriculum and Instruction
subject: Education--Philosophy of
subject: Education--Sociology of
subject: tacit teaching
subject: educative context
subject: hidden curriculum
subject: dispositions
subject: Socialization
subject: alternative education

description: Education, as conventionally practiced and colloquially understood, focuses on students’ learning of knowledge and skills. Yet the ambitions of most educational programs also include deeper aspects of learning and development—those related to students’ character, attitudes, and dispositions. This is particularly the case in specialized programs with goals related to social development (democracy education, environmental education etc.). This type of learning is associated with the “hidden curriculum,” which refers to the tacit learning that takes place through students’ daily immersion in the schooling context. However, the hidden curriculum is usually characterized negatively, as a hegemonic force. Literature on the hidden curriculum tends to focus on un-hiding it, and offers little guidance on how to counteract or reorient it. To partially address this, the idea of “tacit teaching” has been introduced as a way of discussing how non-explicit activities of the teacher can contribute to students’ deep learning. This research attempts determine a more comprehensive and systematic approach to bringing intentionality to the hidden curriculum, by expanding the notion of tacit teaching to include a broader range of factors that contribute to students’ daily experiences. The research introduces the term "educative context" to refer to these factors collectively, as the mechanism by which the hidden curriculum is taught and learned. The research draws on data generated in three alternative schools with strong philosophies related, respectively, to: democracy and autonomy; sustainability and sense of place; and bioregionalism. The methodology blends critical ethnographic and case study approaches, and included approximately 200 hours of immersion across the three sites, interviews with 33 students and staff, and a review of documents and artifacts from the schools. The data analysis identifies 110 different contextual factors across the three schools. These factors are clustered to develop a model for the educative context consisting of four categories: social, physical, institutional, and content-related. The factors are further classified according to the level of the education system they are associated with. The research concludes with an argument in favor of a broad conceptualization of teaching and learning that takes full account of the educative context.
Why is TeV-scale a geometric mean of neutrino mass and GUT-scale?
Creators: name: Haba, Naoyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Among three typical energy scales, a neutrino mass scale ($m_ν\sim$ 0.1 eV), a GUT scale ($M_{GUT}\sim 10^{16}$ GeV), and a TeV-scale ($M_{NP}\sim 1$ TeV), there is a fascinating relation of $M_{NP}\simeq \sqrt{m_ν\cdot M_{GUT}}$. The TeV-scale, $M_{NP}$, is a new physics scale beyond the standard model which is regarded as supersymmetry in this letter. We suggest a simple supersymmetric neutrinophilic Higgs doublet model, which realizes the above relation dynamically as well as the suitable $m_ν$ through a tiny vacuum expectation value of neutrinophilic Higgs without additional scales other than $M_{NP}$ and $M_{GUT}$. A gauge coupling unification, which is an excellent feature in the supersymmetric standard model, is preserved automatically in this setup.
description: 7 pages
Prescription of Specialized Footwear for Individuals with Knee Osteoarthritis
Creators: name: Lewinson, Ryan
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Health Sciences
subject: Medicine and Surgery
subject: Rehabilitation and Therapy
subject: Engineering
subject: Engineering--Biomedical
subject: Engineering--Mechanical
subject: Biomechanics
subject: Biomedical Engineering
subject: FOS: Medical engineering
subject: Medicine

description: Wedged footwear insoles can reduce peak knee adduction moments during gait, which are associated with knee osteoarthritis development and progression; however, randomized trials have been mixed in terms of wedged insole clinical efficacy. To address methodological and technical limitations of past studies, the purposes of this thesis were to (1) identify the most suitable footwear control condition, from a biomechanical perspective, (2) identify a method that can predict the effect of wedged insoles on resultant knee adduction moments, and (3) evaluate the effects of a reduced knee adduction moment intervention on clinical outcomes for individuals with knee osteoarthritis. In fifteen healthy individuals, three sham footwear conditions were compared against participant’s own footwear to determine if sham footwear were biomechanically inert. It was found that all three sham footwear conditions significantly altered biomechanical variables during gait, including the knee adduction moment, and thus participant’s own footwear was recommended as the best control condition, from a biomechanical perspective, for future clinical studies. In fifteen healthy and nineteen knee osteoarthritis participants, a method was discovered that utilizes two dimensional video data from a single stepping motion to predict the change in knee adduction moment induced by wedged insoles during walking. When compared to actual walking data, the method successfully identified the correct insole intervention for 12/15 healthy and 17/19 knee osteoarthritis individuals. It is hoped this method may be implemented into clinical settings for improved footwear prescription capability for individuals with knee osteoarthritis. Finally, a three month randomized trial was conducted. Biomechanical and clinical data were collected from 48 individuals with knee osteoarthritis at baseline, and participants were randomized to either an insole (knee adduction moment reduction) group, or a waitlist control group. At follow-up, no significant differences were noted between groups in terms of change in pain. Knee adduction moment reduction was not associated with reduced pain for the insole group. These data suggest that reduction of knee adduction moments do not confer a clinical benefit in the short term, but do not rule out the possibility that reduced moments are beneficial from a prevention standpoint, or for long term management.
title: Le grand brûlé pédiatrique
title: interventions infirmières en vue de la réhabilitation psychosociale de l'enfant et de ses parents
titleType: Subtitle
title: Le grand brûlé pédiatrique
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Brändle, Lydia
name: Coronel, Emilie
name: Gharbi Soussi, Amina
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 0
Subjects: subject: Grand brulé
subject: Pédiatrie
subject: Enfants
subject: Réhabilitation psychosociale
subject: Relation infirmière-enfant
subject: Relation infirmière-famille

description: La brûlure est un important problème de santé publique de par le nombre de victimes chaque année. Un tel accident qui arrive chez un enfant engendre de nombreux impacts psychosociaux qui vont toucher l’ensemble de la sphère familiale. Malgré un nombre important d’articles existants concernant la douleur chez un enfant brûlé dans la littérature scientifique actuelle, encore trop peu d’études s’intéressent aux impacts psychosociaux engendrés par un tel événement.
Effect of thermal noise on atom-field interaction: Glauber-Lachs versus Mixing
Creators: name: Sivakumar, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Coherent signal containing thermal noise is a mixed state of radiation. There are two distinct classes of such states, a Gaussian state obtained by Glauber-Lachs mixing and a non-Gaussian state obtained by the canonical probabilistic mixing of thermal state and coherent state. Though both these versions are noise-included signal states, the effect of noise is less pronounced in the Glauber-Lachs version. Effects of these two distinct ways of noise addition is considered in the context of atom-field interaction; in particular, temporal evolution of population inversion and atom-field entanglement are studied. Quantum features like the collapse-revivals in the dynamics of population inversion and entanglement are diminished by the presence of thermal noise. It is shown that the features lost due to the presence of thermal noise are restored by the process of photon-addition.
description: 15 pages, 5 figures
title: Vers une perspective familiale
title: les unités mère-bébé en bouée de secours ?
titleType: Subtitle
title: Vers une perspective familiale
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Kabwiku, Naomi
name: Mayimona, Denise De Titienne
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 0
Subjects: subject: Dépression post-partum
subject: Unités mères-bébé en psychiatrie
subject: Relation infirmière-famille
subject: Rôle infirmier

description: Dans ce travail, en procédant à une revue de la littérature nous souhaitons apporter des éléments de réponses à la problématique suivante : quelles sont les interventions infirmières pour accompagner les mères souffrant d’une dépression post-partum et leur partenaire, dans les unités mère-bébé en psychiatrie ? Nous avons considéré plusieurs thématiques liées à notre problématique, notamment l’approche systémique familiale, la crise, la santé périnatale, la notion d’attachement et les unités mère-bébé. L’approche systémique familiale met en évidence l’impact d’une pathologie maternelle et de l’hospitalisation mère-bébé sur la dynamique familiale, et nous permet d’appréhender au mieux notre problématique. Ensuite, nous avons choisi de traiter de la dépression post-partum (DPP), car cette pathologie touche 10-15 % (RMS, 2013) des femmes pendant la maternité. Il nous semblait donc indispensable d’aborder la notion d’attachement puisque la DPP peut affecter le lien mère enfant, et entrainer des conséquences négatives sur le développement de l’enfant. Nous consacrons la dernière partie de notre travail aux unités mère-bébé en psychiatrie, car ce sont des structures encore peu connues du grand public et qui, selon nous, mériteraient d’être mises en lumière.
Negotiating care : how care is negotiated between a young carer and a parent facing mental illness and addiction
Creators: name: Aeyelts, Renee
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This study explores the negotiation of care between a young carer and a parent facing mental illness and addiction. The paradigm derived from the current research focuses mainly on issues faced by young carers, seeing them as a population at risk. With an overrepresentation of research exploring children's caring work, the highly complex relationships between disabled and/or ill parents and their children who care for them tend to be overlooked. Using action theory this study explores a case study of a young carer and parent to answer the question: how is care negotiated between the two? The results demonstrated the fluidity in the relationship in terms of how care was negotiated and that is was more reciprocal than that which is often presented in the literature. This reciprocity challenges the stigma and stereotypes often associated with young caring and parents with disability and/or illness and can help inform both future research and practice.
A network approach for thermo-electrical modelling : from IC interconnects to textile composites
Creators: name: Chiun-Shen, Liao
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Simulations of the temperature distribution in regular IC interconnect networks and textile composites are achieved by means of an analytical-symbolic approach. Analytical heating solutions along each interconnect can provide accurate solutions with far fewer nodes than numerical solutions. To simulate the case of textile composite, the textile composite is modelled by a network of interconnects. The necessary input information is contained in netlist files, similar to the SPICE (Simulation Program with Integrated Circuit Emphasis) input format. Analytical solutions to the heat equation along each interconnect can provide accuracy and require the minimum number of symbolic network nodes. The LU decomposition of the symbolic network scales as the cube of the number of nodes. Multiple evaluations, including iterating temperature-dependent thermal conductivity to achieve a self-consistent solution, scale linearly with the number of nodes and hardly affect the total solution time. Memory consumption, CPU time, and solutions of the new network calculation method compare favorably to a finite element analysis using ABAQUS.
Particle and anti-particle bosonic entanglement in non-inertial frames
Creators: name: Bruschi, David Edward
name: Dragan, Andrzej
name: Fuentes, Ivette
name: Louko, Jorma
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyse the entanglement tradeoff between particle and anti-particle modes of a charged bosonic field between inertial and uniformly accelerated observers. In contrast with previous results for fermionic fields, we find that the entanglement redistribution between particle and antiparticle modes does not prevent the entanglement from vanishing in the infinite acceleration limit.
description: Ivette Fuentes previously published as Ivette Fuentes-Guridi and Ivette Fuentes-Schuller
Ligand Cooperative Iridium PCP Complexes for Small Molecule Activation
Creators: name: Doyle, Lauren Elizabeth
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Chemistry--Inorganic
subject: Organometallic
subject: Inorganic

description: Simple small molecules are perhaps the most fundamental components to synthetic chemistry, acting as the building blocks from which larger, more complex compounds are made. These simple molecules are also important in of themselves, sometimes as fuels, greenhouse gases, the water we drink, or the air we breathe. Studying the way in which these molecules behave and react is therefore of great importance. Organometallic chemistry has had considerable success in using transition metal complexes to manipulate small molecules and perform otherwise difficult transformations such as the splitting of water into H2 and O2 or the decomposition of harmful emissions such as CO2 or N2O. This thesis presents the synthesis of a new PCP pincer ligand framework bearing benzo[b]thiophene linking groups as an alternative to the parent ortho-phenylene linkers. This ligand was installed onto an iridium center via double C-H activation at the central carbon atom, resulting in a carbene donor which can be used in favorable metal-ligand cooperative processes. This design feature was used for the activation of N2O, where a series of “iridaepoxide” complexes were made through oxygen atom transfer to the iridium-carbon bond with the release of N2 gas. The formal hydrogenation of N2O to H2O was accomplished by reaction of the iridaepoxide species with H2. The mechanistic details of these processes were studied extensively and reveal a unique ligand cooperative system. Halide abstraction from several neutral iridium complexes was then performed to explore the reactivity of their cationic counterparts. This allowed for the use of milder conditions in previous reactions and for the formation of highly reactive species capable of numerous bond activations including the strong O-H bonds of water and alcohols.
Impact - Underpinning Research - LCD Model for Creativity
Creators: name: Admin, CardiffMet
Publisher: name: Cardiff Metropolitan University
Year: 2023
Subjects: Research, science and technology policy

description: A new model for supporting creativity in research organisations It is generally recognised that creativity is crucial in research organisations to enable breakthrough ideas and the discovery of new solutions that are novel, valuable and substantive. However, knowing how to cultivate a culture of creativity inside a research organisation is often not so clear. We present a new model, called the LCD Model, for supporting creativity in research organisations that builds on previous models, but emphasises the importance of the ‘State of Being’ of the researcher to enhance creativity and how that can be supported. The model aims to support sustained creativity and is derived from a number of empirical studies conducted over recent years as well as from personal experiences working in research organisations over the last twenty years. The model is explained in detail together with why each of the elements of the model is important based on our research findings and the findings of others. We also highlight the importance of the dynamic movement between the different elements to cultivate creativity, with the researcher’s ‘state of being’ at the centre of the process. In conclusion, we discuss how the model can be implemented inside a research organisation to support and enhance the creativity of individual researchers and the research organisation as a whole.
Selective Killing of Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells Using Reovirus
Creators: name: Zhang, Ben
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2015
Subjects: Medicine and Surgery
Engineering--Biomedical

description: In the field of regenerative medicine, the use of pluripotent stem cells (PSC) to generate transplantable tissue is one of the leading methods undergoing investigation. The process of generating tissue derived from PSCs is not efficient and may leave pluripotent or progenitors cells behind following differentiation. These residual cells pose a tumorigenic threat when transplanted for therapeutic applications. In this study, we proposed a new approach utilizing reovirus to selectively target and kill PSCs. To study this, we utilized a murine embryonic stem cell and Type 3 Dearing reovirus system. We found mESCs treated with 16 multiplicity of infection (MOI) for a period of 2 days showed the greatest reduction in cell viability. In a mixture of mESCs and mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) we found that reovirus was selective in reducing the population of viable mESCs sparing MEFs. However, at high viral plaque forming units (PFU), reovirus has an inhibitory effect on MEFs as early as 3 days post infection. To elucidate the signalling pathway responsible for promoting reoviral killing of mESCs, we knocked out E-Ras, a homolog to Ras gene that is implicated in reoviral killing of cancer cells. We treated E-Ras KO mESCs with reovirus and found that E-Ras KO mESCs remain sensitive to reovirus treatment. Overall, we found that reovirus may not be an ideal method in selectively removing mESCs because of off target effects and also reovirus may be ineffective on hESCs.
title: Pharmacological Potential of 3-Benzazepines in NMDAR-Linked Pathophysiological Processes
Creators: name: Ritter, Nadine
name: Disse, Paul
name: Wünsch, Bernhard
name: Seebohm, Guiscard Friedrich Aldous
name: Strutz-Seebohm, Nathalie
Publisher: name: University of Muenster, Institutional Repository MIAMI
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 610 Medicine and health

description: The number of 'N-Methyl-D-aspartate' receptor (NMDAR) linked neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease and dementia is constantly increasing. This is partly due to demographic change and presents new challenges to societies. To date, there are no effective treatment options. Current medications are nonselective and can lead to unwanted side effects in patients. A promising therapeutic approach is the targeted inhibition of NMDARs in the brain. NMDARs containing different subunits and splice variants display different physiological properties and play a crucial role in learning and memory, as well as in inflammatory or injury processes. They become overactivated during the course of the disease, leading to nerve cell death. Until now, there has been a lack of understanding of the general functions of the receptor and the mechanism of inhibition, which need to be understood in order to develop inhibitors. Ideal compounds should be highly targeted and even splice-variant-selective. However, a potent and splice-variant-selective NMDAR-targeting drug has yet to be developed. Recently developed 3-benzazepines are promising inhibitors for further drug development. The NMDAR splice variants GluN1-1b-4b carry a 21-amino-acid-long, flexible exon 5. Exon 5 lowers the NMDAR's sensitivity to allosteric modulators by probably acting as an NMDAR modulator itself. The role of exon 5 in NMDAR modulation is still poorly understood. In this review, we summarize the structure and pharmacological relevance of tetrahydro-3-benzazepines.
description: Finanziert durch den Open-Access-Publikationsfonds der Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität Münster (WWU Münster).
Resonating valence bond wavefunctions and classical interacting dimer models
Creators: name: Damle, Kedar
name: Dhar, Deepak
name: Ramola, Kabir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We relate properties of nearest-neighbour resonating valence bond (nnRVB) wavefunctions for $SU(g)$ spin systems on two dimensional bipartite lattices to those of fully-packed classical dimer models with potential energy $V$ on the same lattice. We define a cluster expansion of $V$ in terms of $n$-body potentials $V_n$, which are recursively determined from the nnRVB wavefunction on {\em finite subgraphs} of the original lattice. The magnitude of the $n$-body interaction $V_n$ ($n>1$) is of order ${\mathcal O}(g^{-(n-1)})$ for small $g^{-1}$, while $V_1$ reduces to a constant due to the fully-packed nature of the model. At leading non-trivial order on the square lattice, the interacting dimer model only has two-body interactions $V_2(g)$ that favour two parallel dimers on elementary plaquettes. Setting $g=2$ and using the results of earlier work on this interacting dimer model, we find that the long-distance behaviour of the bond-energy correlation function is dominated by an oscillatory term that decays as $ 1/|\vec{r}|^α$ with $α\approx 1.22$ for SU(2) spins. This result is in remarkable quantitative agreement with earlier direct numerical studies of the corresponding wavefunction, which give $α\approx 1.20$.
description: 4+ pages, 2-column format, 1 figure
An Exploration of Teachable Moments in University Sport
Creators: name: Wray, Nicole
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2020
Subjects: sport coaching
pedagogy
varsity sport coaching
teachable moments
experiential learning
coach development
coaching
university sport

description: Teachable moments (TMs) is a term that is used across various domains to refer to situations, occurrences, and/or events that present a potential opportunity to learn (Seals, 2018). TMs are recognized as important for educating others, as well as playing a role in professional and personal development. In sport contexts, TMs are a pathway for coaches to develop athletes (Hedlund, 1996). However, we do not fully understand what comprises TMs due to inconsistent usage of the term, and the paucity of sport-based, scholarly research on TMs. Much of our current understanding of TMs is based on studies from domains external to sport. This exploratory study aimed to (a) develop a broader conceptual understanding of how TMs occur between coaches and their athletes, and (b) explore university sports coaches’ perceptions of TMs with their athletes. In this study, data were collected through semi-structured interviews and a virtual TM recall document, whereby coaches logged events they perceived to be TMs with their athletes. Seven (7) university sports coaches completed an initial interview, while 5 of the 7 coaches completed between 4-8 recalls, as well as a second interview. A reflexive thematic analysis in combination with focused coding was applied, thus allowing us to develop a preliminary model of TMs in university sport contexts. In the first manuscript, titled ‘Teachable moments in university coaching: Exploring a coaching catchphrase,’we present our model, and outline the main qualities and conditions that support the occurrence of TMs. In the second manuscript, titled ‘Teachable moments: Practical examples from university sport,’ we elaborate on different forms of TMs that were developed in the findings, and provide concrete examples of TMs that coaches encountered in their day-to-day coaching practices. Throughout both manuscripts, we build our understanding of what comprises TMs in sport and discuss the implications for coaching practices and athlete development.
Examining behaviour across reproductive states in wild Costa Rican capuchins (Cebus capucinus imitator)
Creators: name: Webb, Shasta
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Anthropology--Physical
subject: Reproduction
subject: FOS: Medical biotechnology
subject: Energy
subject: capuchins

description: Primates employ multiple strategies to address energy demands of reproduction, including decreasing intensity or duration of physical activity and/or increasing energy intake. Primates increase their energy intake during times of peak demand by: 1) increasing time spent foraging; 2) increasing food intake rate; or 3) selecting for high-energy foods. I investigated activity budgets in white-faced capuchins (Cebus capucinus imitator) at in Costa Rica. I found that: 1) compared to pregnant capuchins, lactating individuals spent significantly more time in low energy states and 2) consumed insects at a higher rate. In comparison, 3) there were no significant differences between pregnant and cycling capuchins. Results suggest that 1) lactation is more energetically expensive than gestation in this species, and that capuchin mothers adjust behaviour to mitigate energy costs; 2) lactating females increase intake rates of insects, and 3) pregnant females do not rely on behavioural strategies to address energy and protein costs.
The composition in the education process of an architect at the Faculty of Architecture, Wrocław University of Science and Technology
Creators: name: Balasiński, Maciej
name: Maluga, Leszek
Publisher: name: Faculty of Architecture, Wrocław University of Technology, Wrocław
Year: 2018
Subjects: composition, creativity, architecture, didactics, design

description: ARCHITECTUS; ISSN 1429-7507
Non-algebraic quadrature domains
Creators: name: Eremenko, Alexandre
name: Lundberg, Erik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 31B05, 30E20

description: It is well known that, in the plane, the boundary of any quadrature domain (in the classical sense) coincides with the zero set of a polynomial. We show, by explicitly constructing some four-dimensional examples, that this is not always the case. This confirms, in dimension 4, a conjecture of the second author. Our method is based on the Schwarz potential and involves elliptic integrals of the third kind.
description: 23 pages, 4 figures
Introduction to space modeling – combining the basics of composition theory with work on material at the Faculty of Architecture Wrocław University of Science and Technology
Creators: name: Siomkajło, Barbara
name: Łuczewska, Dorota
Publisher: name: Faculty of Architecture, Wrocław University of Technology, Wrocław
Year: 2018
Subjects: composition, modeling, education

description: ARCHITECTUS; ISSN 1429-7507
Estimation and testing for spatially indexed curves with application to ionospheric and magnetic field trends
Creators: name: Gromenko, Oleksandr
name: Kokoszka, Piotr
name: Zhu, Lie
name: Sojka, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We develop methodology for the estimation of the functional mean and the functional principal components when the functions form a spatial process. The data consist of curves $X(\mathbf{s}_k;t),t\in[0,T],$ observed at spatial locations $\mathbf{s}_1,\mathbf{s}_2,...,\mathbf{s}_N$. We propose several methods, and evaluate them by means of a simulation study. Next, we develop a significance test for the correlation of two such functional spatial fields. After validating the finite sample performance of this test by means of a simulation study, we apply it to determine if there is correlation between long-term trends in the so-called critical ionospheric frequency and decadal changes in the direction of the internal magnetic field of the Earth. The test provides conclusive evidence for correlation, thus solving a long-standing space physics conjecture. This conclusion is not apparent if the spatial dependence of the curves is neglected.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/11-AOAS524 the Annals of Applied Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aoas/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Nonadiabatic Ehrenfest molecular dynamics within the projector augmented-wave method
Creators: name: Ojanperä, Ari
name: Havu, Ville
name: Lehtovaara, Lauri
name: Puska, Martti
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have derived equations for nonadiabatic Ehrenfest molecular dynamics which conserve the total energy in the case of time-dependent discretization for electrons. A discretization is time-dependent in all cases where it or part of it depends on the positions of the nuclei, for example, in atomic orbital basis sets, and in the projector augmented-wave (PAW) method, where the augmentation functions depend on the nuclear positions. We have derived, implemented, and analyzed the energy conserving equations and their most common approximations for a 1D test system where we can achieve numerical results converged to a high accuracy. Based on the observations in 1D, we implement and analyze the Ehrenfest molecular dynamics in 3D using the PAW method and the time-dependent density functional formalism. We demonstrate the applicability of our method by carrying out calculations for small and medium sized molecules in both the adiabatic and the nonadiabatic regime.
description: 12 pages, 10 figures
Ontario's Leucotomy Program: The Roles of Patient, Physician, and Profession
Creators: name: Collins, Brianne
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Canadian
subject: History of Science
subject: Medicine and Surgery
subject: Psychosurgery
subject: Leucotomy
subject: Lobotomy
subject: Psychiatry
subject: Neurosurgery
subject: Mental Illness

description: Psychosurgery has a long, colourful, and often tumultuous history in which it has been viewed as both a panacea and a horror-show. Although research on the topic has been conducted in the United States and Europe, very little research exists on psychosurgery in Canada. Where scholars have examined Canada, only a cursory overview of Ontario’s experience has been provided. As a result, many questions remain unanswered including how the program was administrated, how patients were chosen as candidates for the procedure, and who the leucotomized were. In order to address the gap in the literature, this thesis presents a detailed account of psychosurgery in Ontario by investigating the roles of profession, physician, and patient. The leucotomy program in Ontario began in 1941 and continued into the mid-1960s, the process used to administer the treatment was bureaucratically organized and streamlined, and over 1,400 patients were leucotomized during this controversial era.
Renormalization group procedure for effective particles: elementary example of exact solution with finite mass corrections and no involvement of vacuum
Creators: name: Glazek, Stanislaw D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Renormalization group procedure for effective particles in the front form of Hamiltonian dynamics is applied to an elementary quantum field theory for two species of particles mixed through a mass-like interaction term. The model interaction generates only finite terms and the procedure yields a whole family of equivalent effective theories. The exact solution for the family is found without involvement of the vacuum state in the dynamics. Physical spectrum is obtained at the end of the procedure in the form of free particles with definite masses. Since the procedure is designed in general terms, it could be used for the purpose of constructing effective dynamics also in other theories than the elementary model.
description: 17 pages, revtex4
Rectification of THz-radiation in semiconductor superlattices in the absence of domains
Creators: name: Isohätälä, Jukka
name: Alekseev, Kirill N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study theoretically the dynamical rectification of a terahertz AC electric field, ie. the DC current and voltage response to the incident radiation, in strongly coupled semiconductor superlattices. We address the problem of stability against electric field domains: A spontaneous DC voltage is known to appear exactly for parameters for which a spatially homogeneous electron distribution is unstable. We show that by applying a weak direct current bias the rectifier can be switched from a zero DC voltage state to one with a finite voltage in full absence of domains. The switching occurs near the conditions of dynamical symmetry breaking of an unbiased semiconductor superlattice. Therefore our scheme allows for the generation of DC voltages that would otherwise be unreachable due to domain instabilities. Furthermore, for realistic, highly doped wide miniband superlattices at room temperature the generated DC field can be nearly quantized, that is, be approximately proportional to an integer multiple of hω/2πea where a is the superlattice period and ω is the AC field frequency.
description: 14 pages, 3 figures
Viscous Fingering and Static/Dynamic Heterogeneity Induced Instabilities in Porous Media
Creators: name: Sajjadi, Mozhdeh
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Engineering--Chemical
subject: Engineering--Mechanical
subject: Engineering--Petroleum
subject: Viscous Fingering
subject: Heterogeneous Media
subject: Melting
subject: Dynamic Heterogeneity
subject: Non-isothermal
subject: Miscible Displacement
subject: Hydrodynamic Instability
subject: Porous Media
subject: Under-saturated

description: This dissertation addresses different aspects of flow instability in non-isothermal miscible displacements through media with static and dynamic permeability distributions. The research is conducted in three steps. In the first step non-isothermal flows in homogeneous media are studied by numerical simulation of the displacement process in a Hele-Shaw cell. The results show that the stability of the process highly depends on the strength of interactions between the two fronts determined by the thermal lag coefficient. The relative rate of diffusion of heat in the medium can magnify the effect of lag between the two fronts or compensate for it depending on the considered scenario. Miscible displacements with adverse mobility ratios are analyzed in the second part of this study for layered heterogeneous media. The effects of the flow parameters and the heterogeneity characteristics of the domain are examined. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of the results lead to characterization and unification of four distinct regimes that govern the flow displacement for different parameters. The unification allows to distinguish between the flows in which the instability is dominated by heterogeneity and those with viscous fingering dominant instability. Finally in the last two chapters of this dissertation, the changes in the porosity and permeability in melting porous media are modeled. The effects of the melting arameters on the amount of melted material and the rate of melting are analyzed. In addition, the heat transfer mechanisms in presence of the bypassing flow around frozen blocks of different geometries are analyzed and their melting rates are unified based on the shape factor and initial porosity of the block. In study of the flow displacements prone to instability, the dominant mechanisms that affect the growth and patterns of instability for different melting parameter values are recognized and their contribution to enhancement or attenuation of fingers are determined analytically. The study shows that instabilities in general enhance melting but the enhancement is limited for displacements with small melting potentials.
MPEC 2023-X65 : 2023 XC1
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 XC1

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Relativistic Linear Restoring Force
Creators: name: Clark, D.
name: Franklin, J.
name: Mann, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider two different forms for a relativistic version of a linear restoring force. The pair comes from taking Hooke's law to be the force appearing on the right of the relativistic expressions: dp/dt or dp/dtau . Either formulation recovers Hooke's law in the non-relativistic limit. In addition to these two forces, we introduce a form of retardation appropriate for the description of a linear (in displacement) force arising from the interaction of a pair of particles with a relativistic field. The procedure is akin to replacing Coulomb's law in E&M with a retarded form (the first correction in the full relativistic case). This retardation leads to the expected oscillation, but with amplitude growth in both its relativistic and non-relativistic incarnations.
description: To appear EJP
Optimum Hydraulic Fracture Conductivity for Shale/Tight Reservoirs
Creators: name: Ye, Xiaoduan
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Engineering
subject: Engineering--Petroleum
subject: conductivity

description: Slick-water fracturing has become the common hydraulic fracturing technique for shale plays. There is a thought that fracture conductivity is not important in shale plays, and one design applies to different property of shale plays. Many publications pointed out the improved fracture conductivity increases well production of tight reservoirs. The objective of this study is to present a workflow for determining the optimum fracture conductivity requirements for shale/tight gas plays with different characteristics. Two hydraulic fracture models are explicitly established in a reservoir simulator, including planar fractures and a complex fracture network. The results of optimum fracture conductivity are compared and analyzed. The simulation results show that fracture conductivity is very important in productivity of shale/tight gas plays. The optimum fracture conductivity is a function of reservoir and treatment parameters such as matrix permeability, reservoir geomechanics, natural fracture properties, hydraulic fracture length and spacing, production time, and fracture geometry.
“A Rush and a Push and the Land is Ours”: Explaining the August 1941 Invasion of Iran
Creators: name: Hann, Keith
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: History--Military
subject: History--Russian and Soviet
subject: Military Studies
subject: Britain
subject: Iran
subject: Persia
subject: U.S.S.R.
subject: WWII

description: The origins of British participation in the August 1941 invasion of neutral Iran are poorly understood. Rarely examined on its own, the invasion is instead typically simplified in a historiography dominated by other subjects or brushed over altogether, with the most common explanation of its origins—a need to establish a supply corridor to better provide the Soviet Union with war material—being incorrect. Such oversights, simplifications, and inaccuracies have served to mask the true origins of the invasion, which can be traced back to a desire of the British to secure what can be termed “imperial interests”: the lines of communication running through the Middle East from Egypt to British India, and the massive oil refinery complex at Abadan in southern Iran.
title: Slums, Space, and State of Health — A Link between Settlement Morphology and Health Data
Creators: name: Friesen, John
name: Friesen, Victoria
name: Dietrich, Ingo
name: Pelz, Peter F.
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2023

description: Approximately 1 billion slum dwellers worldwide are exposed to increased health risks due to their spatial environment. Recent studies have therefore called for the spatial environment to be introduced as a separate dimension in medical studies. Hence, this study investigates how and on which spatial scale relationships between the settlement morphology and the health status of the inhabitants can be identified. To this end, we summarize the current literature on the identification of slums from a geographical perspective and review the current literature on slums and health of the last five years (376 studies) focusing on the considered scales in the studies. We show that the majority of medical studies are restricted to certain geographical regions. It is desirable that the number of studies be adapted to the number of the respective population. On the basis of these studies, we develop a framework to investigate the relationship between space and health. Finally, we apply our methodology to investigate the relationship between the prevalence of slums and different health metrics using data of the global burden of diseases for different prefectures in Brazil on a subnational level.
Where do you come from? Navigating Identity Formation in Canadian Western African Youth in Alberta
Creators: name: Kalu, Frances
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Education--Curriculum and Instruction
subject: Black Studies
subject: History--Canadian
subject: Youth
subject: Identity formation
subject: African Canadian
subject: Culturally relevant pedagogy
subject: Black

description: With the increase of immigrants from non-Western countries to Canada, it has been noted that the demographics of the nation will change over time. Research in Canada still tends to group people of African descent as Black without considering the difference in their countries of origins, socio-economic background, values and cultural context. Adopting a social constructivist lens, and using the Phinney’s three - stage model of ethnic identity development, this phenomenological study examines the experiences of eight second generation youth of Western African descent in two major cities in Alberta as they navigate the identity formation process. Factors that influence their adoption of an identity, and the characteristics and importance of their adopted identity were also investigated. Face to face interviews were conducted in Edmonton and Calgary, with the sessions audio-taped, transcribed and analysed. Results from analysis of the narratives collected from the youth involved in the study was skewed towards the adoption of their parent’s nationality. Experiences that contributed towards their adoption of the identity include parental influence, interaction with members of the Canadian society, and socializing with members of their parent’s cultural community. Merged in the lives of the youth, these diverse experiences led to the adoption of an identity. However, their adopted identities were not static, but fluid in nature leading to a hybridity in their identification. The study also includes implications of the results from the research study for immigrant parents, educators, policy makers, service providers, as well as recommendations for the future research.
Hidden local symmetry and color confinement
Creators: name: Kitano, Ryuichiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The hidden local symmetry is a successful model to describe the properties of the vector mesons in QCD. We point out that if we identify this hidden gauge theory as the magnetic picture of QCD, a linearized version of the model simultaneously describes color confinement and chiral symmetry breaking. We demonstrate that such a structure can be seen in the Seiberg dual picture of a softly broken supersymmetric QCD. The model possesses exact chiral symmetry and reduces to QCD when mass parameters are taken to be large. Working in the regime of the small mass parameters, we show that there is a vacuum where chiral symmetry is spontaneously broken and simultaneously the magnetic gauge group is Higgsed. If the vacuum we find persists in the limit of large mass parameters, one can identify the rho meson as the massive magnetic gauge boson, that is an essential ingredient for color confinement.
description: 20 pages, 3 figures
Characterization of Hermetia illucens genome and metagenome
Creators: name: Nicolas Pollet (CNRS EGCE)
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Hermetia illucens
microbiome
genome

description: Presentation on what genomics can and should do for industrial-scale insect rearing and large-scale production of insects. In this presentation, I discuss the current state-of-the-art on black-soldier fly Hermetia illucens genomics and metagenomics.