cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Anti-Retroviral Procurement for HIV-Affected Countries from Fiscal Years 2012 to 2014
Creators: name: Marshall, Dejene'
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2017

description: BACKGROUND: In 2015, the World Health Organization expanded eligibility for anti-retroviral therapy (ART) to all individuals affected with HIV, regardless of CD4 count. Although, anti-retroviral drugs (ARVs) are essential to HIV/AIDS treatment and therapy, ARVs may also pose a financial burden on low-income countries affected by a high prevalence of HIV. Programs funded by global donor organizations such as the President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) may provide assistance to these HIV-affected populations through the procurement of ARVs. The objective of this analysis was to determine total ARV expenditures for SCMS participating countries from fiscal years 2012 to 2014 and to discuss the implications of generic ARV procurement under the WHO and UNAIDS guidelines.
METHODS:
The SCMS Delivery History Dataset was used to determine the number of purchase orders for generic and brand name ARVs, as well as calculate the expenditures for overall, brand name and generic ARVS for 2012-2014.
RESULTS:
From 2012 to 2013, the procurement of overall and generic ARVs increased, however, from 2013 to 2014, there was a decrease in generic and overall ARV procurement. The number of brand name ARV transactions increased during this three year period from 78 in FY 2012, 144 in FY 2013, and 164 in FY 2014 respectively. The anti-retroviral drug Keletra was the most frequently purchased ARV in FY 2012 and FY 2014. In FY 2013, the most frequently purchased ARV was Aluvia.
DISCUSSION:
It is recommended that the international public health community continues to develop more cost-effective methods of procuring ARVs to resource-limited, HIV-affected populations. Although there are barriers to obtaining generic formulations for anti-retrovirals, there are possible consequences of low uptake of generic ARV procurement. If a country is unable to efficiently secure enough ARVs for HIV-affected individuals, it is more unlikely that HIV/AIDS will be eliminated in that location within the next several years, according to the UNAIDS and WHO recommendations.
A Program Evaluation of a Peri-Urban, Multi-Location Care Coordination Program in Georgia and Comparative Analysis of Other United States Care Coordination Programs for Uninsured, High-Risk Patients to Develop Promising Practice Recommendations
Creators: name: Parker, Amanda
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2017

description: INTRODUCTION: Having access to care allows individuals to enter a healthcare system and receive medical care that improves their quality of life. Unfortunately, access to care and health outcomes are typically related to one’s insurance status. Care coordination programs work to reduce this barrier for high-need patients. One such program is the Sams Care Coordination Program, which connects local hospitals with charity clinics to expand the clinics' capacity by stabilizing staffing, enhancing communication through the shared use of the Epic electronic medical records (EMR) system and providing intensive case management through the use of licensed medical social workers.
PURPOSE: This paper will evaluate the Sams Care Coordination Program at Piedmont Healthcare through a cost-avoidance and hospital utilization analysis. Additionally, this paper will provide promising program practices and sustainability options for continued funding.
APPROACH: The cost-benefit and hospital utilization analysis will be conducted using program data from FY14 to FY16. A literature review will provide an in-depth look at care coordination models, other existing programs, funding options and promising practice recommendations. A culmination the evaluation and review of literature will be used to guide promising practice recommendations as well as options to sustain the Sams Program funding.
EVALUATION: Over the last two and half years, Piedmont has invested more than $2.4 million dollars in the Sams Care Coordination Program including hospital services, staffing, technology and program support. A cost avoidance analysis shows that Piedmont has saved $328,515 in direct costs and $1,214,667 in assumed costs. A hospital utilization study reveals that nearly 60 percent of Sams eligible patient emergency department (ED) visits are reduced annually through the Sams Program and the program is capable of reducing ED encounters by over 1,800 visits each year.
RECCOMENDATIONS: The partner clinics should formalize agreements of responsibility with Piedmont Healthcare and their local entities, including metrics for regular reporting. All clinics should be provided with equal access to the Epic EMR system to capitalize on its capabilities in sharing and analyzing patient and population data. Case management should provide increased patient education on emergency department utilization and self-management of chronic disease. As a group, the clinic and hospital leadership should determine the best route of sustained funding past the summer of 2017.
Street Medicine: A Program Evaluation
Creators: name: Edwards, Ariel
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2017

description: 
INTRODUCTION: Homeless individuals have poorer health outcomes than their housed counterparts, yet there are many barriers to receiving consistent medical and behavioral health care. Street Medicine is a method of health care delivery in which a multidisciplinary group of health care providers bring health care to people living on the streets. Street Medicine could be a promising solution to meeting the unmet health needs of people experiencing homelessness.
 AIM: The purpose of the evaluation was to examine the effectiveness of Mercy Care’s Street Medicine program at engaging their homeless patients in consistent care and decreasing the number of patients that seek unnecessary hospital services.
 METHODS: A retroactive medical records review was conducted for 284 patients. Of the 284 patients, 26 patients had to be excluded from data analysis because the patients had not been seen during the Street Medicine rounds and are not considered Street Medicine patients. All of the data that were extracted were collected using a computer-based data collection form. The data was analyzed using frequency tables and t-tests in SAS.
 RESULTS:  Results suggest that 54.26% of the Street Medicine patients are connected to Mercy Care through Street Medicine and/or clinic visits and engaging in consistent primary care and behavioral health care services.  The average number of total Street Medicine encounters per patient was lower than the average number of clinic encounters. For both Street Medicine and clinic encounters, the patients accessed more primary care services than behavioral health services and case management services. There was no significant difference in ED visits before or after the initial Mercy Care encounter. The average number of total hospital admission days significantly increased from 0.98 days before the patient’s initial Mercy Care encounter to 1.84 days after the initial Mercy Care encounter.
 DISCUSSION: The Street Medicine program may be a promising solution for getting and keeping people experiencing homelessness engaged in health care and decreasing the number of patients that turn to the hospital for avoidable and costly health care services. The Street Medicine program eliminates many of the barriers to care that people experiencing homelessness face and could potentially decrease the rates of morbidity and mortality in this vulnerable community.
Supplementary document for Laser-based selective BTEX sensing using deep neural networks - 5870913.pdf
Creators: name: Mhanna, Mhanna
name: Sy, Mohamed
name: Arfaj, Ayman
name: Llamas, Jose
name: Farooq, Aamir
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2025
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supplemental document
Calibration of a soft secondary vertex tagger using proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}=$13 TeV with the ATLAS detector
Creators: name: ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Several processes studied by the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider produce low-momentum $b$-flavored hadrons in the final state. This paper describes the calibration of a dedicated tagging algorithm that identifies $b$-flavored hadrons outside of hadronic jets by reconstructing the soft secondary vertices originating from their decays. The calibration is based on a proton-proton collision dataset at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 140 fb$^{-1}$. Scale factors used to correct the algorithm's performance in simulated events are extracted for the $b$-tagging efficiency and the mistag rate of the algorithm using a data sample enriched in $t\bar{t}$ events. Several orthogonal measurement regions are defined, binned as a function of the multiplicities of soft secondary vertices and jets containing a $b$-flavored hadron in the event. The mistag rate scale factors are estimated separately for events with low and high average number of interactions per bunch crossing. The results, which are derived from events with low missing transverse momentum, are successfully validated in a phase space characterized by high missing transverse momentum and therefore are applicable to new physics searches carried out in either phase space regimes.
description: 42 pages in total, author list starting page 25, 4 figures, 7 tables, published in PRD. All figures including auxiliary figures are available at http://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/FTAG-2023-02/
Health Interventions to Promote the Polio Vaccine within the Global Polio Eradication Initiative: A Systematic Review From 2000-2014.
Creators: name: Dali, Aime
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2017

description: INTRODUCTION:  Launched in 1988 by the World Health Organization (WHO), the primary goal of the Global Polio Eradication Initiative (GPEI) was to eradicate polio by the year 2000. The mobilization of communities was critical in achieving this goal. Although the disease has persisted beyond the year 2000, the number of cases dropped compared to their level in 1988, witnessing significant progress. 
AIM: As polio is near being eradicated, this study is an attempt to review health communication and behavior change interventions used to promote the polio vaccine within the GPEI in order to highlight best practices and lessons learned to be used eventually to combat other vaccine-preventable diseases.
METHODS: A systematic analysis of peer-reviewed articles describing interventions to promote polio vaccine, increase community awareness and parents’ adherence to immunization activities from 2000 to 2014 within the GPEI across the world was conducted.
RESULTS: Of the 15 publications included in the review, five reported on health promotion interventions analysis and planning frameworks, eight reported on public health communication interventions, and one article reported on ecological approaches. Interventions grounded on analysis and planning frameworks resulted in increased awareness, real-time rumors tracking, and addressing controversy and mistrust about the vaccine. Interventions based on public health communication theories resulted in increased support from policy makers, community, and religious leaders as well as increased community involvement in activities. These interventions also increased knowledge and attitude changes toward immunization. Lastly, ecological approaches demonstrated their usefulness in conducting multi-level analysis to identify social etiologies of a persistent low polio vaccine rate.
RECOMMENDATIONS: Since polio campaigns are required as long as there will be a single case, evidence-based and theory-driven behavior change and communication interventions may still be of help. They can help ensure people’s adherence to subsequent rounds and avoid campaigns fatigue, both at the global and country levels. Furthermore, to take extensive advantage of all health promotion strategies used in the GPEI, further research, that includes peer-reviewed and other types of documentation, is needed to better inform future programs to increase the overall immunization coverage.
Density and inertia effects on two-dimensional active semiflexible filament suspensions
Creators: name: Janzen, Giulia
name: Matoz-Fernandez, D. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the influence of density on the transition between chain and spiral structures in planar assemblies of active semiflexible filaments, utilizing detailed numerical simulations. We focus on how increased density, and higher Péclet numbers, affect the activity-induced transition spiral state in a semiflexible, self-avoiding active chain. Our findings show that increasing the density causes the spiral state to break up, reverting to a motile chain-like shape. This results in a density-dependent reentrant phase transition from spirals back to open chains. We attribute this phenomenon to an inertial effect observed at the single polymer level, where increased persistence length due to inertia has been shown in recent three-dimensional studies to cause polymers to open up. Our two-dimensional simulations further reveal that a reduction in the damping coefficient leads to partial unwinding of the spirals, forming longer arms. In suspension, interactions among these extended arms can trigger a complete unwinding of the spirals, driven by the combined effects of density and inertia.
A Grant Proposal to Fund Prevention Education for Teen Pregnancy, HIV, and Other Sexually Transmitted Infections in Targeted High Schools in Gwinnett County, Georgia
Creators: name: Russell, Connie
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2017

description: INTRODUCTION: This capstone project is a grant proposal to provide prevention services to adolescents using a comprehensive risk reduction approach modeled after the federal Personal Responsibility Education Program that supports abstinence and also provides medically accurate information regarding the use of birth control and condoms for the prevention of pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections, including HIV.
NEED: Teen births result in poorer outcomes for babies and mothers and have a negative impact on our economy. There are disparities in teen birth rates among racial and ethnic population groups, with young Hispanic and black girls having rates that are three to four times higher than young white girls. Sexually transmitted infections can lead to premature death and have negative impacts on sexual health. Adolescents and young adults are disproportionately impacted by HIV, as well as other sexually transmitted infections, such as chlamydia, gonorrhea, and syphilis.
PROPOSED PROGRAM: The proposed program consists of four main components, 1) implementation of the Reducing the Risk curriculum for all ninth-grade students in the Health Education course, 2) implementation of the Be Proud! Be Responsible! Be Protective! curriculum with pregnant and parenting teens, 3) presentation of adult preparation topics, and 4) referral to health services inclusive of family planning and STI/HIV testing as needed.
TARGETED POPULATION: The two targeted high schools serve a high proportion of minority and underserved youth in Gwinnett County. All ninth-grade students will be targeted for the main intervention and additional intervention will be provided for pregnant or parenting teens, as well as youth who have any of the following risk factors: sexual minority, students living in foster care, homelessness, and youth living with HIV/AIDS.
Stability Analysis of the Cosmological Dynamics of $O(D,D)$-complete Stringy Gravity
Creators: name: Arapoğlu, A. Savaş
name: Çağan, Sermet
name: Çatal-Özer, Aybike
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The massless fields in the universal NS-NS sector of string theory form $O(D, D)$ multiplets of Double Field Theory, which is a theory that provides a T-duality covariant formulation of supergravity, leading to a stringy modification of General Relativity. In this framework, it is possible to write down the extensions of the Einstein field equations and the Friedmann equations in such a way that the coupling of gravitational and matter sectors is dictated by the $O(D, D)$ symmetry universally. In this paper, we obtain the autonomous form of the $O(D, D)$-complete Friedmann equations, find the critical points and perform their stability analysis. We also include the phase portraits of the system. Cosmologically interesting cases of scalar field, radiation, and matter are separately considered and compared with the Chameleon models in a similar setting. Accelerating phases and the conditions for their existence are also given for such cases.
description: 16 pages, 9 figures, matches the published version in The European Physical Journal C
Supplementary document for Laser-based selective BTEX sensing using deep neural networks - 5870913.pdf
Creators: name: Mhanna, Mhanna
name: Sy, Mohamed
name: Arfaj, Ayman
name: Llamas, Jose
name: Farooq, Aamir
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2022
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supplemental document
Factors Leading to Occupational Injuries and Illnesses among Hispanic Construction Workers in The United States: A Systematic Review
Creators: name: Leon Cubides, Luis
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2017

description: Background
As the number of Hispanic migrants continues to increase in the United States, their representation in high risk jobs such as in the working industry is also on the rise. High rates of injuries and fatalities seem to disproportionately impact this minority group compared to construction workers from other racial groups. Some factors have been particularly involved in this trend without adequate addressed interventions from the U.S. government or construction employers.

Objective
The primary purpose of this study is to conduct a systematic review of research literature with regards to factors leading to occupational injuries and illnesses among Hispanic construction workers in the United States to better catalog the most common factors affecting this minority working population.

Methods
A literature search of the databases Global Health, Medline and PubMed was conducted. The author sought literature describing occupational factors or hazards among Hispanic construction workers in the U.S. Inclusion criteria included free full text and full text articles, studies conducted in the past 20 years, Hispanic or Latino construction workers in the United States as primarily studied population, reported occupational factors, and publications in English and Spanish.  Exclusion criteria included articles without a full text, studies conducted more than 20 years ago, studies conducted in countries other than in the U.S., systematic reviews, and letters to the editor. Full texts were then reviewed by the author for applicability to the scope of the study, rejecting articles not meeting the inclusion criteria. Sixteen articles met all the criteria and were therefore included in this review.

Results
The most common reported factors or hazards were observed in seven articles including the lack of personal protective equipment (PPE) available for construction workers as well as fear of retaliation when demanding safe conditions. Other factors reported in 5 articles were the employers’ unsafe demands of productivity over safety, followed by no training in safety, and inadequate safety training reported in 4 articles.
 
Conclusions
Despite efforts by the U.S. government to reduce occupational injuries and fatalities among Hispanic construction workers, this specific minority group seems to experience unique risks while on the job. Results from this systematic review may contribute to the adoption of specific interventions and further research aimed at reducing occupational incidents and targeting regulatory and federal and state agencies, as well as employers, to better understand workplace  hazards faced by Hispanic construction workers. The sharing of this information could result in a provision of healthier and safer work environments.
Simulation Study on Constraining GW Propagation Speed by GW and GRB Joint Observation on Binary Neutron Star Mergers
Creators: name: Rao, Jin-Hui
name: Yi, Shu-Xu
name: Tao, Lian
name: Tang, Qing-Wen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Theories of modified gravity suggest that the propagation speed of gravitational wave (GW) $v_g$ may deviate from the speed of light $c$. A constraint can be placed on the difference between $c$ and $v_g$ with a simple method that uses the arrival time delay between GW and electromagnetic (EM) wave simultaneously emitted from a burst event. We simulated the joint observation of GW and short Gamma-Ray burst (sGRB) signals from Binary Neutron Star (BNS) merger events in different observation campaigns, involving advanced LIGO (aLIGO) in design sensitivity and Einstein Telescope (ET) joint-detected with \textit{Fermi}/GBM. As a result, the relative precision of constraint on $v_g$ can reach $\sim 10^{-17}$ (aLIGO) and $\sim 10^{-18}$ (ET), which are one and two orders of magnitude better than that from GW170817, respectively. We continue to obtain the bound of graviton mass $m_g \leq 7.1(3.2)\times 10^{-20}\,$eV with aLIGO (ET). Applying the Standard-Model Extension (SME) test framework, the constraint on $v_g$ allows us to study the Lorentz violation in the nondispersive, nonbirefringent limit of the gravitational sector. We obtain the constraints of the dimensionless isotropic coefficients $\bar{s}_{00}^{(4)}$ at mass dimension $d = 4$, which are $-1\times 10^{-15}< \bar{s}_{00}^{(4)}<9\times 10^{-17}$ for aLIGO and $-4\times 10^{-16}< \bar{s}_{00}^{(4)}<8\times 10^{-18}$ for ET.
An Examination of Metabolic Syndrome in Asthmatic Subjects: A Study Using the 2013-2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
Creators: name: Cunningham, Jasmine
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2017

description: An Examination of Metabolic Syndrome in Asthmatic Subjects: A study using the 2013-2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
By
Jasmine N. Cunningham
INTRODUCTION: Asthma is a chronic inflammatory lung disorder that is associated with airway hyper-responsiveness. Asthma affects millions of people worldwide and has current prevalence of 8.4% in the United States. More recent studies suggest metabolic syndrome (MS) as a risk factor for asthma development due to a combination of metabolic disorders that result in airway dysfunction, epithelial damage and airway smooth muscle proliferation. Several studies suggest a potential association between asthma and metabolic syndrome; however, there is still a gap in determining if metabolic syndrome and asthma are positively linked.

AIM: The principal objective of this study is to further investigate the association between asthma and metabolic syndrome among the U.S. adult population.

METHODS: A cross-sectional study design was utilized using secondary data from the 2013-2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). This study was restricted to 1521 participants who reported their current asthmatic status with no missing values for components of metabolic syndrome. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to examine the relationship between asthma and metabolic syndrome. Statistical adjustments were made for age, gender, ethnicity and smoking status.

RESULTS: There were 939 individuals (61.74%) who reported having asthma and 582 individuals (38.26%) who reported not having asthma. Subjects with asthma were more likely (OR=1.65; 95% CI= 0.93-2.92) to have metabolic syndrome, adjusting for age, gender, ethnicity, and smoking. However, the association was not statistically significant.
DISCUSSION: Although not statistically significant, the result of this study provides further insight of the possible association between asthma and metabolic syndrome. A more robust data using a large and representative sample may provide a strong evidence of the nature and type of relationship between asthma and metabolic syndrome. Understanding the relationship is critical for designing public health intervention to reduce the increasing prevalence of asthma and metabolic syndrome.
Local and nonlocal stochastic control of quantum chaos: Measurement- and control-induced criticality
Creators: name: Pan, Haining
name: Ganeshan, Sriram
name: Iadecola, Thomas
name: Wilson, Justin H.
name: Pixley, J. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically study the topology of the phase diagram of a family of quantum models inspired by the classical Bernoulli map under stochastic control. The quantum models inherit a control-induced phase transition from the classical model and also manifest an entanglement phase transition intrinsic to the quantum setting. This measurement-induced phase transition has been shown in various settings to either coincide or split off from the control transition, but a systematic understanding of the necessary and sufficient conditions for the two transitions to coincide in this case has so far been lacking. In this work, we generalize the control map to allow for either local or global control action. While this does not affect the classical aspects of the control transition that is described by a random walk, it significantly influences the quantum dynamics, leading to the universality class of the measurement-induced transition being dependent on the locality of the control operation. In the presence of a global control map, the two transitions coincide and the control-induced phase transition dominates the measurement-induced phase transition. Contrarily, the two transitions split in the presence of the local control map or additional projective measurements and generically take on distinct universality classes. For local control, the measurement-induced phase transition recovers the Haar logarithmic conformal field theory universality class found in feedback-free models. However, for global control, a novel universality class with correlation length exponent $ν\approx 0.7$ emerges from the interplay of control and projective measurements. This work provides a more refined understanding of the relationship between the control- and measurement-induced phase transitions.
description: 16 pages, 10 figures
Epidemiology of Type 2 Diabetes in populations of African Descent
Creators: name: Bruce, Kenyatta
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2017

description: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2D) is a significant public health problem among populations of African descent around the world. In the United States alone, African descent populations are disproportionally affected by the growing epidemic of T2D and are greatly impacted by T2D-related complications. Over the last decade, there have been major advancements in access to care for minority populations. Despite these advancements, this population has the second highest prevalence of T2D compared to any other minority group. The objective of this literature review is to identify the burden of Diabetes Mellitus in the United States among populations of African descent. Ethnic and racial differences for T2D and T2D- related mortality will also be reviewed, as well as the examination of lifestyle risk factors, complications, and disparities for T2D in populations of African descent in the United States. Lastly, this review will summarize the current state of knowledge and identify areas for potential preventative strategies.
Policy Recommendations for Addressing Health Insurance Network Adequacy and Provider Network Standards in the Georgia Insurance Market
Creators: name: Adedapo-Jimoh, Oluwatoyin
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2017

description: Network adequacy is a key indicator of a health insurance plan’s ability to provide access to appropriate, timely, and geographically accessible care. This capstone project focuses on developing policy recommendations to address the issue of insurance network adequacy standards and provider directories in the state of Georgia. These recommendations focus on the state of Georgia due to its lower ranking on health of the population and policy actions of the Georgia legislature during the most recent legislative session. A synthesis of current policy and research articles was conducted, with a particular focus on comparing policies and initiatives in the state of Georgia with those in other states.  The effect that certain policy changes on insurance networks have had in these other locations can provide valuable insights about the impact of such policies, should they be implemented in the state of Georgia.
Exploring Mental Health Services for Women Post Incarceration
Creators: name: Cruver, Jalisa
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2017

description: Background: In recent years, the number of women incarcerated has increased at a rate higher than men. Drug and social policies related to employment, housing, education, welfare, mental health, and substance abuse treatment make it difficult for women to succeed once released from prison or jail. Women with co-occurring mental health and substance use disorders are a high-risk population for negative post-release outcomes. For the majority of prisoners experiencing psychological distress during incarceration, distress persists after release. Unfortunately, contact with mental health services in the community by ex-offenders is low. Further research is needed to understand the barriers to seeking these services.

Aim: Explore the social behavioral factors that contribute to mental health of women recently released from prison or jail by: (1) reviewing the current programs available for women who need mental health services after prison release, (2) synthesizing the peer-reviewed literature -evaluating the effectiveness of community reentry programs with a mental health service component and (3) identifying future research and policy needs to better address mental health needs of women post incarceration and reduce recidivism.

Methods:  A literature review was conducted to assess the structure of current community reentry programs and evaluate the effectiveness of community reentry programs with mental health service components.

Conclusion: There is need for more gender specific mental health reentry programs for women. Men account for 90% of the incarcerated population, and as a result reentry programs are predominately created for men. Community reentry programs that focus on cognitive behavior theory rooted in the power of individual choice must also ensure that they prepare ex-offenders to deal with unexpected barriers to social services such as housing, employment, food stamps, and health insurance. There is need for more outcome evaluations of existing reentry programs and reentry programs that include tools that measure mental health outcomes during release.
Bankhead versus Buckhead: Analyzing the Environmental Justice Issues in Atlanta
Creators: name: Vales, Kristen
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2017

description: Introduction:  In Atlanta, minority and low-income communities have a higher risk of cardiovascular disease, diabetes and obesity.  There are many factors that can contribute to the risk of these poor health outcomes.  While these personal factors play a part, there are environmental factors that can contribute as well.  In lower income and high minority communities, there is an abundance of fast food restaurants, convenience stores and broken or missing sidewalks but a scarcity of healthy food options and fewer parks or poorer access to parks within their communities.  As more health officials realized the connection between built environmental factors, environmental justice movement was formed.  Robert Bullard first documented the movement while investigating the correlation of environmental quality and race. 
Aim: This project examined the environmental justice issues with regards to a community’s food and physical activity built environment by comparing two areas, Bankhead and Buckhead.  The Bankhead area is a high minority populated area with a median income of roughly $32,000.  The Buckhead area has a majority white population with an average median income of about $63,000.
Methods: Using the modified Retail Food Environment Index and the Physical Activity Resource Assessment, we surveyed the differences between the two areas in regards to food access and physical activity facilities.  Statistical tests were performed to describe and compare the findings between the two areas.  The study focused on: 1) measuring healthy food availability with the mRFEI; 2) comparing number of food stores and food restaurants; 3) measuring availability of physical activity resources; and 4) observing park amenities. 
Results: Findings confirmed low access to healthy food retailers as well as a high percentage of limited-service restaurants in the Bankhead area. Park access and availability was adequate for both areas and even showed a higher availability for the Bankhead area.  However, park features were low for the parks located in the Bankhead area.  The parks within the Buckhead area typically had several well-kept features such as basketball courts, tennis courts, soccer and baseball fields, etc.  The Bankhead parks would usually have two of those features available but in adequate or poor conditions.
Discussion: Findings were similar to prior studies and could be useful to guide changes in Atlanta.  Policies were suggested in order to provide local government and community level interventions to address the environmental justice issues.
Conclusions: These findings highlighted lack of food access and lack of park amenities using   the mRFEI and PARA instruments.  The results also brought to light a shortcoming of the tools.  Although they can be used to examine the food and physical activity environments, they do not take population into account.  Future work should look for tools that will take into account population to ensure equity is being properly addressed.
title: Präsentation des Handbuchs Geschichte der deutschsprachigen Soziologie
Creators: name: Moebius, Stephan
name: Ploder, Andrea
Publisher: name: SSOAR -   GESIS Leibniz Institute for the Social Sciences
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 10220 Sociology of Science, Sociology of Technology, Research on Science and Technology
subject: 10101 General Problems, History of the Social Sciences
subject: history of science
subject: sociology of science

description: Wenn Wissenschaft ein sozialer Prozess ist, dann gilt dies nicht zuletzt auch für die Soziologie selbst. Eine Selbstaufklärung über die Herkunft, den Verlauf und die Entwicklung des eigenen Fachs, seine theoretischen Konzepte, Instrumente, Institutionen und Kontexte ist für eine kritisch-reflektierte Sozialforschung, die ihr Erkenntnisinteresse aus den Problemen der Gegenwart gewinnt, unerlässlich. Das zweibändige Handbuch Geschichte der deutschsprachigen Soziologie bietet historisches Hintergrundwissen und Methodenwerkzeuge für die Analyse der Geschichte der Sozialwissenschaften. In der Einleitung werden Gründe für soziologiehistorische Forschung diskutiert und mit Zielen und Aufbau des Handbuchs in Beziehung gesetzt.
description: Komplexe Dynamiken globaler und lokaler Entwicklungen: Verhandlungen des 39. Kongresses der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Soziologie in Göttingen 2018
Digital Signal Processing Techniques for Noise Characterization of Lasers and Optical Frequency Combs: A Tutorial
Creators: name: Riebesehl, Jasper
name: Heebøll, Holger R.
name: Razumov, Aleksandr
name: Galili, Michael
name: Zibar, Darko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Performing noise characterizations of lasers and optical frequency combs on sampled data offers numerous advantages compared to analog measurement techniques. One of the main advantages is that the measurement setup is greatly simplified. Only a balanced detector followed by an analog-to-digital converter is needed, allowing all the complexity to be moved to the digital domain. Secondly, near-optimal phase estimators are efficiently implementable, providing accurate phase noise estimation in the presence of the measurement noise. Finally, joint processing of multiple comb lines is feasible, enabling computation of phase noise correlation matrix, which includes all information about the phase noise of the optical frequency comb. This tutorial introduces a framework based on digital signal processing for phase noise characterization of lasers and optical frequency combs. The framework is based on the extended Kalman filter (EKF) and automatic differentiation. The EKF is a near-optimal estimator of the optical phase in the presence of measurement noise, making it very suitable for phase noise measurements. Automatic differentiation is key to efficiently optimizing many parameters entering the EKF framework. More specifically, the combination of EKF and automatic differentiation enables the efficient optimization of phase noise measurement for optical frequency combs with arbitrarily complex noise dynamics that may include many free parameters. We show the framework's efficacy through simulations and experimental data, showcasing its application across various comb types and in dual-comb measurements, highlighting its accuracy and versatility. Finally, we discuss its capability for digital phase noise compensation, which is highly relevant to free-running dual-comb spectroscopy applications.
description: 23 pages, 13 figures Invited by and submitted to APL Photonics
title: Peer relations and Social Language of Young Adults with Developmental Language Disorder- A Scoping Review
Creators: name: Dr Sam Harding
name: Burr, Sam
name: Rajan, Elizabeth
Publisher: name: OSF Registries
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Speech and Hearing Science
subject: Communication
subject: Developmental Neuroscience
subject: Linguistics
subject: FOS: Languages and literature
subject: Speech Pathology and Audiology
subject: Semantics and Pragmatics
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Life Sciences
subject: Health Communication
subject: Communication Sciences and Disorders
subject: Psycholinguistics and Neurolinguistics
subject: Neuroscience and Neurobiology
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Applied Linguistics
subject: Developmental Language Disorder
subject: Language Disorder
subject: Peer relations
subject: Pragmatics
subject: Scoping Review
subject: Social Skills
subject: Specific Language Impairment
subject: Young Adults

description: A scoping review looking at the existing information around peer relationships and the social language of young adults with DLD
title: Transnationale Kindheiten in postkolonialer Perspektive
Creators: name: Liebel, Manfred
Publisher: name: SSOAR -   GESIS Leibniz Institute for the Social Sciences
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 10210 Sociology of the Youth, Sociology of Childhood
subject: childhood
subject: colonialism
subject: transnationalization
subject: Eurocentrism
subject: post-colonialism

description: In dem Beitrag wird die These diskutiert, dass das Sein der Kinder ebenso wie die Vorstellungen und Konzepte von Kindheit, die sich seit dem späten Mittelalter in Europa herausgebildet haben, eng mit der Kolonialisierung anderer Erdteile verknüpft sind. Dabei werden aus postkolonialer Perspektive drei Dimensionen von Transnationalität identifiziert: Interdependenz von bürgerlichem Kindheitsprojekt und Kolonialisierung fremder Erdteile; Destruktion und Entwertung der Kindheiten in den ehemaligen Kolonialgebieten; Problematisierung des eurozentrisch-imperialen Kindheitsprojekts. Die Annahme, dass das in Europa entstandene Kindheitsmuster die Höchstform der Zivilisation repräsentiere und als weltweiter, transnationaler Maßstab dienen könne, wird als (post-)kolonial-imperiale Anmaßung zurückgewiesen. This paper discusses the thesis that the being of children, as well as the ideas and concepts of childhood that have emerged in Europe since the late Middle Ages, are closely linked to the colonialization of other parts of the world. Three dimensions of transnationality are identified from a post-colonial perspective: Interdependence of the bourgeois childhood project and the colonialization of foreign continents; destruction and devaluation of childhoods in the former colonial regions; problematization of the Eurocentric-imperial childhood project. The assumption that the pattern for childhood created in Europe represents the highest form of civilization and can serve as a global, transnational yardstick is rejected as a (post-)colonial-imperial presumption.
description: Komplexe Dynamiken globaler und lokaler Entwicklungen: Verhandlungen des 39. Kongresses der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Soziologie in Göttingen 2018
Concurrent Particle Acceleration and Pitch-Angle Anisotropy Driven by Magnetic Reconnection: Ion-Electron Plasmas
Creators: name: Comisso, Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Particle acceleration and pitch-angle anisotropy resulting from magnetic reconnection are investigated in highly magnetized ion-electron plasmas. By means of fully kinetic particle-in-cell simulations, we demonstrate that magnetic reconnection generates anisotropic particle distributions $f_s \left( {|\cos α|,\varepsilon} \right)$, characterized by broken power laws in the particle energy spectrum $f_s (\varepsilon) \propto \varepsilon^{-p}$ and pitch angle $\langle \sin^2 α\rangle \propto \varepsilon^m$. Their characteristics are determined by the ratio of the guide field to the reconnecting field ($B_g/B_0$) and the plasma magnetization ($σ_0$). Below the break energy $\varepsilon_0$, ion and electron energy spectra are extremely hard ($p_<\lesssim 1$) for any $B_g/B_0$ and $σ_0 \gtrsim 1$, while above $\varepsilon_0$, the spectral index steepens ($p_> \gtrsim 2$), displaying high sensitivity to both $B_g/B_0$ and $σ_0$. The pitch angle displays power-law ranges with negative slopes ($m_<$) below and positive slopes ($m_>$) above $\varepsilon_{\min α}$, steepening with increasing $B_g/B_0$ and $σ_0$. The ratio $B_g/B_0$ regulates the redistribution of magnetic energy between ions ($ΔE_i$) and electrons ($ΔE_e$), with $ΔE_i \gg ΔE_e$ for $B_g/B_0 \ll 1$, $ΔE_i \sim ΔE_e$ for $B_g/B_0 \sim 1$, and $ΔE_i \ll ΔE_e$ for $B_g/B_0 \gg 1$, with $ΔE_i/ΔE_e$ approaching unity when $σ_0 \gg 1$. The anisotropic distribution of accelerated particles results in an optically thin synchrotron power spectrum $F_ν(ν) \proptoν^{(2-2p+m)/(4+m)}$ and a linear polarization degree $Π_{\rm lin} = (p+1)/(p+7/3+m/3)$. Pitch-angle anisotropy also induces temperature anisotropy and eases synchrotron cooling, along with producing beamed radiation, potentially responsible for frequency-dependent variability.
description: To appear in The Astrophysical Journal
title: Methodenpolizei oder Gütesicherung? Zwei Deutungsmuster im Kampf um die Vorherrschaft in der qualitativen Sozialforschung
Creators: name: Reichertz, Jo
Publisher: name: SSOAR -   GESIS Leibniz Institute for the Social Sciences
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 10104 Research Design
subject: social research
subject: method
subject: qualitative method

description: Ausgehend von dem Befund, dass die qualitative bzw. interpretative Sozialforschung sich in den letzten Jahren massiv gewandelt hat und ein deutliches Mehr an neuen methodischen Ansätzen zu verzeichnen sind, nimmt der Artikel die sich daran anschließende Debatte im Feld der Qualitativen in den Blick. Er skizziert zwei idealtypische Positionen, nämlich die der auf Ordnung bedachte Methodenpolizei und die der auf Gütesicherung bedachten Qualitätssicherer, um dann die gemeinsamen Grundlagen aller dieser Ansätze in Erinnerung zu rufen. Entwickelt wird im Anschluss ein Vorschlag für eine ansatzübergreifende Praxis der Sicherung von Güte, der im Wesentlichen darauf beruht, den Gebrauch qualitativer/interpretativer Methoden als Kunstlehre zu begreifen.
description: Komplexe Dynamiken globaler und lokaler Entwicklungen: Verhandlungen des 39. Kongresses der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Soziologie in Göttingen 2018
Evaluating the Role of Health Literacy in Communities: A Review of Community Health Needs Assessments of Georgia Hospitals
Creators: name: Robinson, Brittany
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2017

description: INTRODUCTION: Per the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA), local public health departments, tax-exempt 501(c)(3) hospitals, and federally qualified health centers are all required to conduct community health needs assessments (CHNAs) every three years. Recently, hospitals under pressure from accrediting bodies have been strongly advised to attend to health literacy due to its major implications for poorer health status. Health literacy has been linked with many facets of population-level health, including behavioral health, sociodemographic factors and health disparities.
OBJECTIVE: The broad purpose of the study was to evaluate the perceived importance of health literacy through review of prioritized health-related issues facing Georgia communities, as identified by community health needs assessments.
METHODS: A secondary analysis of findings from the first 3-year assessment and strategic planning cycles (2011-2013) of non-profit Georgia hospitals and medical centers (N=11) was conducted for the study. Community health needs assessments and implementation plans were obtained via Google search.
RESULTS: Of the assessments included in the review, 5 out of the 11 CHNAs mentioned health literacy, and only 1 acknowledged inadequate health literacy as a prioritized concern in the primary service area.
DISCUSSION: After comprehensive review of the community health needs assessments and implementation plans, it is clear that the impact of health literacy on community health was not strongly considered. Thus, in correspondence with much of existing research, the benefits of adequate health literacy in communities is severely undervalued.
Supplementary document for Spectral-Domain Biphoton Interferometry with Frequency Scanning: Theoretical Proposal and Resolution Limits - 5871356.pdf
Creators: name: Ushakov, Nikolai
name: Markvart, Aleksandr
name: Liokumovich, Leonid
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2025
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supplementary document