cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Impaired growth and fertility of cAMP-specific phosphodiesterase PDE4D-deficient mice
Creators: name: Conti, M.
name: D'Ercole, A. J.
name: Kuo, W.-P.
name: Jin, S.-L. C.
name: Richard, F. J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1999

description: In eukaryotic cells, the inactivation of the cyclic nucleotide signal depends on a complex array of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases (PDEs). Although it has been established that multiple PDE isoenzymes with distinct catalytic properties and regulations coexist in the same cell, the physiological significance of this remarkable complexity is poorly understood. To examine the role of a PDE in cAMP signaling in vivo, we have inactivated the type 4 cAMP-specific PDE (PDE4D) gene, a mammalian homologue of the Drosophila dunce. This isoenzyme is involved in feedback regulation of cAMP levels. Mice deficient in PDE4D exhibit delayed growth as well as reduced viability and female fertility. The decrease in fertility of the null female is caused by impaired ovulation and diminished sensitivity of the granulosa cells to gonadotropins. These pleiotropic phenotypes demonstrate that PDE4D plays a critical role in cAMP signaling and that the activity of this isoenzyme is required for the regulation of growth and fertility.
Angular Momentum across the Hubble sequence from the CALIFA survey
Creators: name: Falcón-Barroso, Jesús
name: Lyubenova, Mariya
name: van de Ven, Glenn
name: collaboration, the CALIFA
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the stellar angular momentum of galaxies across the Hubble sequence from the CALIFA survey. The distribution of CALIFA elliptical and lenticular galaxies in the $λ_{\rm Re}-ε_{\rm e}$ diagram is consistent with that shown by the Atlas$^\mathrm{3D}$ survey. Our data, however, show that the location of spiral galaxies in this diagram is significantly different. We have found two families of spiral galaxies with particularly peculiar properties: (a) spiral galaxies with much higher $λ_{\rm Re}$ values than any elliptical and lenticular galaxy; (b) low-mass spiral galaxies with observed $λ_{\rm Re}$ values much lower than expected for their apparent flattening. We use these two families of objects to argue that (1) fading alone cannot explain the transformation of spiral to lenticular galaxies, and (2) that those low-mass spiral galaxies are in fact dark matter dominated, which explains the unusually low angular momentum.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures; to appear in the proceedings of the IAUs311 "Galaxy Masses as Constraints of Formation Models" held in July 2014 in Oxford (UK)
Carbon nanotube quantum dots on hexagonal boron nitride
Creators: name: Baumgartner, A.
name: Abulizi, G.
name: Watanabe, K.
name: Taniguchi, T.
name: Gramich, J.
name: Schoenenberger, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the fabrication details and low-temperature characteristics of the first carbon nanotube (CNT) quantum dots on flakes of hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) as substrate. We demonstrate that CNTs can be grown on hBN by standard chemical vapor deposition and that standard scanning electron microscopy imaging and lithography can be employed to fabricate nanoelectronic structures when using optimized parameters. This proof of concept paves the way to more complex devices on hBN, with more predictable and reproducible characteristics and electronic stability.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Mouse steroid receptor coactivator-1 is not essential for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor  -regulated gene expression
Creators: name: Yeldandi, A. V.
name: Zhu, Y.
name: Maeda, N.
name: Reddy, J. K.
name: Hashimoto, T.
name: Pulikuri, S.
name: Pan, J.
name: Rao, M. S.
name: Subbarao, V.
name: Qi, C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1999

description: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are ligand-dependent transcription factors, and it is assumed that the biological effects of these receptors depend on interactions with recently identified coactivators, including steroid receptor coactivator-1 (SRC-1). We assessed the in vivo function of SRC-1 on the PPARα-regulated gene expression in liver by generating mice in which the SRC-1 gene was inactivated by gene targeting. The homozygous (SRC-1−/−) mice were viable and fertile and exhibited no detectable gross phenotypic defects. When challenged with a PPARα ligand, such as ciprofibrate or Wy-14,643, the SRC-1−/− mice displayed typical pleiotropic responses, including hepatomegaly, peroxisome proliferation in hepatocytes, and increased mRNA and protein levels of genes that are regulated by PPARα. These alterations were indistinguishable from those exhibited by SRC-1+/+ wild-type mice fed either ciprofibrate- or Wy-14,643-containing diets. These results indicate that SRC-1 is not essential for PPARα-mediated transcriptional activation in vivo and suggest redundancy in nuclear receptor coactivators.
Double Counting in $2^t$-ary RSA Precomputation Reveals the Secret Exponent
Creators: name: Kaminaga, Masahiro
name: Yoshikawa, Hideki
name: Suzuki, Toshinori
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: E.3

description: A new fault attack, double counting attack (DCA), on the precomputation of $2^t$-ary modular exponentiation for a classical RSA digital signature (i.e., RSA without the Chinese remainder theorem) is proposed. The $2^t$-ary method is the most popular and widely used algorithm to speed up the RSA signature process. Developers can realize the fastest signature process by choosing optimum $t$. For example, $t=6$ is optimum for a 1536-bit classical RSA implementation. The $2^t$-ary method requires precomputation to generate small exponentials of message. Conventional fault attack research has paid little attention to precomputation, even though precomputation could be a target of a fault attack. The proposed DCA induces faults in precomputation by using instruction skip technique, which is equivalent to replacing an instruction with a no operation in assembly language. This paper also presents a useful "position checker" tool to determine the position of the $2^t$-ary coefficients of the secret exponent from signatures based on faulted precomputations. The DCA is demonstrated to be an effective attack method for some widely used parameters. DCA can reconstruct an entire secret exponent using the position checker with $63(=2^6-1)$ faulted signatures in a short time for a 1536-bit RSA implementation using the $2^6$-ary method. The DCA process can be accelerated for a small public exponent (e.g., 65537). The the best of our knowledge, the proposed DCA is the first fault attack against classical RSA precomputation.
tDCS for autonomic functions
Creators: name: Muskaan Banyal
Publisher: name: OSF Registries
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Education

description: The current study is a review, that intends to working upon the possible impacts tDCS administration can have on the functions that are maintained by autonomic nervous system and the ways it can be used for the extraction of the desired outcomes.
Patterned library analysis: A method for the quantitative assessment of hypotheses concerning the determinants of protein structure
Creators: name: Broadwater, A.
name: Pielak, G. J.
name: Edgell, M. H.
name: Collier, M. L.
name: Waldner, J. C.
name: Hensley, L.
name: Lahr, S. J.
name: Carter, C. W.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1999

description: Site-directed mutagenesis and combinatorial libraries are powerful tools for providing information about the relationship between protein sequence and structure. Here we report two extensions that expand the utility of combinatorial mutagenesis for the quantitative assessment of hypotheses about the determinants of protein structure. First, we show that resin-splitting technology, which allows the construction of arbitrarily complex libraries of degenerate oligonucleotides, can be used to construct more complex protein libraries for hypothesis testing than can be constructed from oligonucleotides limited to degenerate codons. Second, using eglin c as a model protein, we show that regression analysis of activity scores from library data can be used to assess the relative contributions to the specific activity of the amino acids that were varied in the library. The regression parameters derived from the analysis of a 455-member sample from a library wherein four solvent-exposed sites in an α-helix can contain any of nine different amino acids are highly correlated (P < 0.0001, R2 = 0.97) to the relative helix propensities for those amino acids, as estimated by a variety of biophysical and computational techniques.
Galactic Archaeology and Asteroseismology: A Synergetic Approach
Creators: name: Campante, Tiago
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Asteroseismology
Galactic Archaeology

description: In this lecture, the field of Galactic Archaeology is introduced, with an emphasis on the role that Asteroseismology of red-giant stars is playing in its advancement. Lecture presented at the Sub-Saharan Africa Astronomy Summer School (SSAASS).
description: The author is supported by Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT, Portugal) in the form of a work contract (CEECIND/00476/2018).
title: The Care Leavers’ Annual Lecture 2016
Creators: name: Paul, Jimmy
Publisher: name: Strathprints - University of Strathclyde
Year: 2017

description: A care experienced person is invited to host the Who Cares? Scotland Care Leavers Annual Lecture, and this is the transcript of the lecture from 2016. Jimmy Paul, an alumni member of Who Cares? Scotland, shares his story and makes several compelling points in doing so. With the announcement of the root and branch review of care and the pledge to listen to 1000 care experienced voices, Jimmy explains that we have a unique opportunity to transform care experiences across Scotland, and even globally. He argues that we need to challenge the stigma that children face by triangulating; presenting more stories and qualitative richness to help people understand the damning statistics and outcomes of care leavers. Children need to feel claimed and loved by people around them, and it is vital that the care system doesn’t repeat the trauma of their earlier lives. Ongoing, nuanced debates about what does (and doesn’t) work across the care system is vital to an improved care system.
Relative rates of insertion and deletion mutations in a microsatellite sequence in cultured cells
Creators: name: Farber, R. A.
name: Boyer, J. C.
name: Twerdi, C. D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1999

description: A cell culture system has been used to determine the relative rates of insertions and deletions of integral numbers of dinucleotide repeats in a microsatellite sequence. A plasmid was constructed that contained 17 repeats of poly(dC-dA)⋅poly(dG-dT) near the 5′ end of a bacterial neomycin-resistance (neo) gene, such that the neo gene was translated in the (+1) reading frame. The plasmid was introduced into mismatch-repair-proficient and mismatch-repair-deficient mammalian cell lines. Rates of mutation to resistance to the neomycin analogue G418 were measured, and the nature of the mutations was determined. The mutations were all gains or losses of integral numbers of repeats, and mutations involving a single repeat greatly predominated over those involving multiple repeats. The data obtained from these studies were compared with results previously obtained with cells transfected with a similar plasmid in which the sequence of the oligonucleotide insert placed the neo gene in the (−1) reading frame. This experimental design made it possible to make direct comparisons between insertions and deletions of a single repeat unit. A significant excess of insertions over deletions was found in both repair-proficient and repair-deficient cell lines, although the few mutations involving more than two repeats were deletions.
Relativistic beaming and orientation effects in jetted active galactic nuclei (AGNs)
Creators: name: Evaristus Iyida
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: galaxies: active - galactic: nuclei: -- radio continuum: galaxies, quasars: general

description: The orientation and evolution based on unified scheme posits that blazar subsamples and radio galaxies (RGs) represent increasingly misaligned populations of active galactic nuclei (AGNs). Using compiled radio, X-ray and γ-ray data of the Fermi Large Area Telescope (Fermi-LAT) catalogue of 397 blazars and 110 radio galaxies, we computed the viewing angles and γ-ray core-dominance parameter, beamed and unbeamed γ-ray emissions of RGs in order to study the consequences of orientation and relativistic beaming effects on γ-ray properties of RGs, BLs and FSRQs. Our results show sequence in distributions of core-dominance parameters (X-ray, RX and γ-ray, Rγ ) from RGs at low values, largest viewing angles to FSRQs at high values through the BLs subsets with the least angles, which is suggestive of evolutionary sequence. The difference in log RX and log Rγ is significantly larger for FSRQs and BLs than for RGs, as is expected in the evolutionary scheme. A two-sample Wilcoxon rank-sum and Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests carried out on our data suggest that the probabilities of the distribution of RX and Rγ of RGs and blazar types to come from the same parent distribution are pWRS ∼ 0 and pK−S < 10-4 which shows stronger beaming effects in blazars than in RGs. There is a significant correlation (r > 0.60) between log Rr - log LX for the combined sample types. Furthermore, a significant anti-correlation (r ∼ -0.80) exists in the log Rγ - log Lγ,un which is indicative of evolutionary sequence via relativistic beaming model. These results imply that the evolutionary track of jetted AGNs is RGs – BLs – FSRQs
Study of Chemically Peculiar Stars-III: High-resolution Spectroscopy and K2 Photometry of New Variables in the Region of M44
Creators: name: Joshi Santosh
name: Otto, Trust
name: Williams E. Peter
name: Semenko Eugene
name: De Cat Peter,
name: Jurua Edward
name: Holdsworth L. Daniel
name: Garcı́a A. Rafael
name: Abedigamba O. Patrick
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: stars: chemically peculiar
stars: rotation
stars: starspots
stars: general

description: We aim to carry out a study on the photometric and spectroscopic variabilities of four stars monitored in the Nainital-Cape survey. We analysed the photometric variability of the target stars, HD 73135, BD +19° 2045, BD +19° 2046, and TYC 1395-855-1, using ground-based differential photometric and K2 data. Spectrophotometric and high-resolution spectroscopic data are used to determine the fundamental parameters and chemical abundances. Although all the target are found to be non-variable based on ground-based differential photometry, the analysis of high-precision K2 photometric time-series reveals that HD 73135, BD +19° 2045, and BD +19° 2046 are variable. We do not detect photometric variability in TYC 1395-855-1. Our analyses show that the three stars, HD 73135, BD +19° 2045, BD +19° 2046, which are non-variable based on ground- based observations exhibit rotational variability in Kepler K2 data while TYC 1395-855-1 remains constant in both data sets. Based on the chemical abundance analysis, HD 73135 is an Am star, while BD +19° 2045 is non-Am.
Structure-Preserving Reduction of Finite-Difference Time-Domain Equations with Controllable Stability Beyond the CFL Limit
Creators: name: Li, Xihao
name: Sarris, Costas D.
name: Triverio, Piero
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The timestep of the Finite-Difference Time-Domain method (FDTD) is constrained by the stability limit known as the Courant-Friedrichs-Lewy (CFL) condition. This limit can make FDTD simulations quite time consuming for structures containing small geometrical details. Several methods have been proposed in the literature to extend the CFL limit, including implicit FDTD methods and filtering techniques. In this paper, we propose a novel approach which combines model order reduction and a perturbation algorithm to accelerate FDTD simulations beyond the CFL barrier. We compare the proposed algorithm against existing implicit and explicit CFL extension techniques, demonstrating increased accuracy and performance on a large number of test cases, including resonant cavities, a waveguide structure, a focusing metascreen and a microstrip filter.
Gene-Related Inventions in Europe: Purpose- vs Function-Bound Protection
Creators: name: Lai, Jessica
Publisher: name: Open Access Te Herenga Waka-Victoria University of Wellington
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law

description: Biotech inventions have proved to be severely challenging for patent law systems around the world. European states have attempted to meet these challenges, resulting in law that directly deals with biotechnology at the national and European level. However, whether different states have dealt with biotechnology in a logical and clear manner is another question. This article discusses law that has been created through the European Union and European Patent Office, before addressing and comparing the manner in which Germany and Switzerland have implemented this law into their national statutes. It concludes that neither state has technologically sound law, creating distinctions that are not practically logical. The final part of this article discusses a termthat was introduced into European patent law through the ‘Biotech Directive’, through the requirement that applicants disclose an industrial application or ‘function’ for a sequence or partial sequence of a gene. The term ‘function’ has been taken up by both Germany and Switzerland, but its potential – particularly in contrast to the term ‘industrial application’ – has yet to be realized. Though one often speaks of purpose-bound claims, this article explores the possibility of function-bound claims.
Exploring a Calcified Tissue from the 19th century Carmo Burial Site (Porto, Portugal): Differential Diagnosis Using Nano-CT Imaging
Creators: name: Malcherek, Anne
name: Vassallo, Steffi
name: Assis, Sandra
name: Rodrigues, Zélia
name: Pereira, Manuel F. C.
name: Alves Cardoso, Francisca
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: An adult individual of indeterminate sex was excavated from the burial site of the Third Order of Our Lady of Carmo in Porto (Portugal), which was in use from 1801 to 1869. The individual is part of a large assemblage (circa 490 individuals, including adults and subadults) excavated between 2006 and 2007, currently under analysis. An ovoid-shaped mass (dimensions: 27x26x18mm) was curated with the sacrum by excavators, its precise in-situ location was not recorded. The differential diagnosis was conducted based on macroscopic examination, SKYSCANTM 2214 multiscale X-ray nano-CT imaging, and X-ray diffraction. The smooth external appearance is characterised by folds and sulci with some vascularisation evident; nano-CT imaging revealed dense calcification throughout, arranged in a lobular structure with some hollow spaces. X-ray diffraction confirmed the crystalline structure of the tissue is consistent with hydroxyapatite. Drawing on palaeopathological and clinical literature, the differential diagnosis considered 12 possible aetiologies resulting in the following most likely diagnosis: calcified (uterine) leiomyoma, calcified amputated ovary and calcified fibroadenoma. Clinical diagnosis of calcified tissues strongly utilises relations to so tissue anatomy which are unavailable in skeletal remains. This limitation is compounded by the precise in situ location not being recorded. Nonetheless, the results demonstrate the utility of the diagnostic approach presented here to narrow down the differential diagnosis. The study thereby expands palaeopathological knowledge of frequency and structure of calcifications, as well as contributing palaeoradiographic imaging to the literature, and highlights the importance of careful field data collection. Future research on other masses recovered in situ with individuals from the same site will enable comparison and holistic interpretation of health in the community.
Māori Traditional Knowledge and New Zealand Patent Law: The 2013 Act and the Dawn of a New Era?
Creators: name: Lai, Jessica
Publisher: name: Open Access Te Herenga Waka-Victoria University of Wellington
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law

description: In August 2013, New Zealand passed a new Patents Act that codified the ability of the Commissioner to refuse to grant patents for inventions which are: (1) derived from Māori TK or indigenous plants or animals; and (2) the commercial exploitation of which is likely to be contrary to Māori values. As discussed in this article, for many reasons patents are seldom of interest to indigenous peoples as a means to protect their traditional knowledge (TK). On the contrary, the patent system has predominantly been viewed by indigenous peoples as a means for third parties to propertise their TK. The new mechanism in the 2013 Act may not make patents more attractive for Māori TK, but addresses concerns regarding third-party patenting of inventions related to Māori TK and indigenous species. This article examines this new mechanism and compares it to the situation under the prior 1953 Act. It concludes that, while many questions remain open regarding the exact application of the 2013 Act, together with the Trade Marks Act 2002 (which contains similar provisions preventing the registration of marks offensive to the Māori), New Zealand has shown that it is willing to be innovative with its intellectual property laws in order to address the concerns of its indigenous peoples. © 2014 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Atmospheric Heating and Wind Acceleration: Results for Cool Evolved Stars based on Proposed Processes
Creators: name: Airapetian, Vladimir S.
name: Cuntz, Manfred
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A chromosphere is a universal attribute of stars of spectral type later than ~F5. Evolved (K and M) giants and supergiants (including the zeta Aurigae binaries) show extended and highly turbulent chromospheres, which develop into slow massive winds. The associated continuous mass loss has a significant impact on stellar evolution, and thence on the chemical evolution of galaxies. Yet despite the fundamental importance of those winds in astrophysics, the question of their origin(s) remains unsolved. What sources heat a chromosphere? What is the role of the chromosphere in the formation of stellar winds? This chapter provides a review of the observational requirements and theoretical approaches for modeling chromospheric heating and the acceleration of winds in single cool, evolved stars and in eclipsing binary stars, including physical models that have recently been proposed. It describes the successes that have been achieved so far by invoking acoustic and MHD waves to provide a physical description of plasma heating and wind acceleration, and discusses the challenges that still remain.
description: 46 pages, 9 figures, 1 table; modified and unedited manuscript; accepted version to appear in: Giants of Eclipse, eds. E. Griffin and T. Ake (Berlin: Springer)
Τα ζητήματα των Πρεσβυγενών Πατριαρχείων (τέλη 19ου-αρχές 20ού αι.) στο έργο του Χρυσόστομου Παπαδόπουλου και η οπτική του
Creators: name: Bakas, Ioannis Th.
Publisher: name: ΚΟΣΜΟΣ - Επιστημονικό Περιοδικό του Τμήματος Κοινωνικής Θεολογίας και Χριστιανικού Πολιτισμού
Year: 2023
Subjects: Χρυσόστομος Παπαδόπουλος, Εθνοφυλετισμός, Πρεσβυγενή Πατριαρχεία, Οικουμενικό Πατριαρχείο

description: ΚΟΣΜΟΣ - Επιστημονικό Περιοδικό του Τμήματος Κοινωνικής Θεολογίας και Χριστιανικού Πολιτισμού, Τόμ. 8: (2021-2022)
Ein neues Pontifikat: Zeit für Veränderungen?
Creators: name: Borgman, Erik
name: Junker-Kenny, Maureen
name: Soskice, Janet Martin
Publisher: name: Concilium
Year: 1970

description: Concilium, Bd. 42 Nr. 1 (2006): Concilium: Internationale Zeitschrift für Theologie, Band 42, Heft 1
Testing Rate Dependent corrections on timing mode EPIC-pn spectra of the accreting Neutron Star GX 13+1
Creators: name: Pintore, F.
name: Sanna, A.
name: di Salvo, T.
name: Guainazzi, M.
name: D'Aì, A.
name: Riggio, A.
name: Burderi, L.
name: Iaria, R.
name: Robba, N. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When the EPIC-pn instrument on board XMM-Newton is operated in Timing mode, high count rates (>100 cts/s) of bright sources may affect the calibration of the energy scale, resulting in a modification of the real spectral shape. The corrections related to this effect are then strongly important in the study of the spectral properties. Tests of these calibrations are more suitable in sources which spectra are characterised by a large number of discrete features. Therefore, in this work, we carried out a spectral analysis of the accreting Neutron Star GX 13+1, which is a dipping source with several narrow absorption lines and a broad emission line in its spectrum. We tested two different correction approaches on an XMM-Newton EPIC-pn observation taken in Timing mode: the standard Rate Dependent CTI (RDCTI or epfast) and the new, Rate Dependent Pulse Height Amplitude (RDPHA) corrections. We found that, in general, the two corrections marginally affect the properties of the overall broadband continuum, while hints of differences in the broad emission line spectral shape are seen. On the other hand, they are dramatically important for the centroid energy of the absorption lines. In particular, the RDPHA corrections provide a better estimate of the spectral properties of these features than the RDCTI corrections. Indeed the discrete features observed in the data, applying the former method, are physically more consistent with those already found in other Chandra and XMM-Newton observations of GX 13+1.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS; 10 pages, 8 figures
Breaking Binaries and Converting the Converted
Creators: name: Lai, Jessica
Publisher: name: Open Access Te Herenga Waka-Victoria University of Wellington
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law

description: Property law has been developed around a tangible/intangible binary with “things” being either choses in possession or choses in action. This article argues that the advance of digital technologies challenges the validity of this binary, and that the law must break down the binary to develop in a logical manner.
Salt restriction induces pseudohypoaldosteronism type 1 in mice expressing low levels of the  -subunit of the amiloride-sensitive epithelial sodium channel
Creators: name: Beermann, F.
name: Wang, Q.
name: Burnier, M.
name: Ernst, S. A.
name: Gatzy, J. T.
name: Pradervand, S.
name: Grubb, B. R.
name: Schmidt, A.
name: Hummler, E.
name: Rossier, B. C.
name: Barker, P. M.
name: Bindels, R. J. M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1999

description: The amiloride-sensitive epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) is a heteromultimer of three homologous subunits (α-, β-, and γ-subunits). To study the role of the β-subunit in vivo, we analyzed mice in which the βENaC gene locus was disrupted. These mice showed low levels of βENaC mRNA expression in kidney (≈1%), lung (≈1%), and colon (≈4%). In homozygous mutant βENaC mice, no βENaC protein could be detected with immunofluorescent staining. At birth, there was a small delay in lung-liquid clearance that paralleled diminished amiloride-sensitive Na+ absorption in tracheal explants. With normal salt intake, these mice showed a normal growth rate. However, in vivo, adult βENaC m/m mice exhibited a significantly reduced ENaC activity in colon and elevated plasma aldosterone levels, suggesting hypovolemia and pseudohypoaldosteronism type 1. This phenotype was clinically silent, as βENaC m/m mice showed no weight loss, normal plasma Na+ and K+ concentrations, normal blood pressure, and a compensated metabolic acidosis. On low-salt diets, βENaC-mutant mice developed clinical symptoms of an acute pseudohypoaldosteronism type 1 (weight loss, hyperkalemia, and decreased blood pressure), indicating that βENaC is required for Na+ conservation during salt deprivation.
Key factors for the durability of community cirrencies: An NPOmanagement perspective
Creators: name: September, Jeremy
Publisher: name: International Journal of Community Currency Research (IJCCR)
Year: 2019
Subjects: community currency
durability factors
stakeholders
best practices framework

description: This paper investigates key factors for the durability of communitycurrencies (CCs) by conducting a comparative dual case study on twolong lived CCs in Japan. CCs both in Japan and abroad have exhibitedeffectiveness in developing social capital however the literaturereveals a lack of academic research on the management or operation ofCCs. Therefore this paper aims to identify key factors for thedurability of CCs that could contribute to the development of a bestpractices model for social entrepreneurs. A secondary purpose is toadd to the English body of knowledge on Japanese CC systems. Twocontrasting Japanese CC organizations that have operated for more thana decade are investigated in depth. This entailed gathering bothqualitative and quantitative data from both organizations andanalyzing the data within a Nonprofit Organization (NPO) managementframework. The results reveal five key durability factors: creatingvalue and utility for stakeholders, appealing to the local solidarityof businesses, the receptiveness of businesses towards CCs, partneringwith a corporation or larger institution and solid organizationalstructure. The main implication of these factors is that successfullyengaging external stakeholders is crucial to sustaining the operationsof a CC organization.
Nanowire array photovoltaics: Radial disorder versus design for optimal efficiency
Creators: name: Sturmberg, Björn C. P.
name: Dossou, Kokou B.
name: Botten, Lindsay C.
name: Asatryan, Ara A.
name: Poulton, Christopher G.
name: McPhedran, Ross C.
name: de Sterke, C. Martijn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Solar cell designs based on disordered nanostructures tend to have higher efficiencies than structures with uniform absorbers, though the reason is poorly understood. To resolve this, we use a semi-analytic approach to determine the physical mechanism leading to enhanced efficiency in arrays containing nanowires with a variety of radii. We use our findings to systematically design arrays that outperform randomly composed structures. An ultimate efficiency of 23.75% is achieved with an array containing 30% silicon, an increase of almost 10% over a homogeneous film of equal thickness.
description: The following article appeared in Appl. Phys. Lett. Copyright 2012 American Institute of Physics. This article may be downloaded for personal use only. Any other use requires prior permission of the author and the American Institute of Physics
The natriuretic peptide clearance receptor locally modulates the physiological effects of the natriuretic peptide system
Creators: name: Takahashi, N.
name: Smithies, O.
name: Yamauchi, M.
name: Pang, S.
name: Grzesik, W. J.
name: Matsukawa, N.
name: Pandey, K. N.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1999

description: Natriuretic peptides (NPs), mainly produced in heart [atrial (ANP) and B-type (BNP)], brain (CNP), and kidney (urodilatin), decrease blood pressure and increase salt excretion. These functions are mediated by natriuretic peptide receptors A and B (NPRA and NPRB) having cytoplasmic guanylyl cyclase domains that are stimulated when the receptors bind ligand. A more abundantly expressed receptor (NPRC or C-type) has a short cytoplasmic domain without guanylyl cyclase activity. NPRC is thought to act as a clearance receptor, although it may have additional functions. To test how NPRC affects the cardiovascular and renal systems, we inactivated its gene (Npr3) in mice by homologous recombination. The half life of [125I]ANP in the circulation of homozygotes lacking NPRC is two-thirds longer than in the wild type, although plasma levels of ANP and BNP in heterozygotes and homozygotes are close to the wild type. Heterozygotes and homozygotes have a progressively reduced ability to concentrate urine, exhibit mild diuresis, and tend to be blood volume depleted. Blood pressure in the homozygotes is 8 mmHg (1 mmHg = 133 Pa) below normal. These results are consistent with the sole cardiovascular/renal function of NPRC being to clear natriuretic peptides, thereby modulating local effects of the natriuretic peptide system. Unexpectedly, Npr3 −/− homozygotes have skeletal deformities associated with a considerable increase in bone turnover. The phenotype is consistent with the bone function of NPRC being to clear locally synthesized CNP and modulate its effects. We conclude that NPRC modulates the availability of the natriuretic peptides at their target organs, thereby allowing the activity of the natriuretic peptide system to be tailored to specific local needs.
Tidal Interaction as the origin of early-type dwarf galaxies in group environment
Creators: name: Paudel, Sanjaya
name: Ree, Chang H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a sample of dwarf galaxies that suffer ongoing disruption by the tidal force of nearby massive galaxies. Analysing structural and stellar population properties using the archival imaging and spectroscopic data from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS), we find that they are likely a `smoking gun' example of the formation of early-type dwarf galaxies (dEs) in the galaxy group environment through the tidal stirring. Inner cores of these galaxies are fairly intact and the observed light profiles are well fitted with the Sersic functions, while the tidally stretched stellar halos are prominent in the outer parts. They are all located within the 50 kpc sky-projected distance from the center of host galaxies and no dwarf galaxies have relative line-of-sight velocity larger than 205 km/s to their hosts. We derive the Composite Stellar Population (CSP) properties these galaxies by fitting the SDSS optical spectra to a multiple-burst composite stellar population model. We find that these galaxies accumulate a significant fraction of stellar mass within the last 1 Gyr, while they contain a majority stellar population of intermediate age of 2 to 4 Gyr. With these evidences, we argue that tidal stirring, particularly through the galaxy-galaxy interaction, might have an important role in the formation and evolution of dEs in the group environment, where the influence of other gas stripping mechanism might be limited.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJL
Religiöse Reaktionen und Initiativen nach den Terroranschlägen von London im Juli 2005
Creators: name: Ory, Lucinda
Publisher: name: Concilium
Year: 1970

description: Concilium, Bd. 41 Nr. 5 (2005): Concilium: Internationale Zeitschrift für Theologie, Band 41, Heft 5
Triplet repeats form secondary structures that escape DNA repair in yeast
Creators: name: Liu, C.-P.
name: Arnheim, N.
name: Petes, T. D.
name: Moore, H.
name: Greenwell, P. W.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1999

description: Several human neurodegenerative diseases result from expansion of CTG/CAG or CGG/CCG triplet repeats. The finding that single-stranded CNG repeats form hairpin-like structures in vitro has led to the hypothesis that DNA secondary structure formation is an important component of the expansion mechanism. We show that single-stranded DNA loops containing 10 CTG/CAG or CGG/CCG repeats are inefficiently repaired during meiotic recombination in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Comparisons of the repair of DNA loops with palindromic and nonpalindromic sequences suggest that this inefficient repair reflects the ability of these sequences to form hairpin structures in vivo.
Activator of G protein signaling 3 is a guanine dissociation inhibitor for Galpha i subunits
Creators: name: Fischer, T.
name: Farquhar, M. G.
name: Brothers, G. M.
name: Siderovski, D. P.
name: Tronchere, H.
name: De Vries, L.
name: Strockbine, B.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2000

description: Activator of G protein signaling 3 (AGS3) is a newly identified protein shown to act at the level of the G protein itself. AGS3 belongs to the GoLoco family of proteins, sharing the 19-aa GoLoco motif that is a Gαi/o binding motif. AGS3 interacts only with members of the Gαi/o subfamily. By surface plasmon resonance, we found that AGS3 binds exclusively to the GDP-bound form of Gαi3. In GTPγS binding assays, AGS3 behaves as a guanine dissociation inhibitor (GDI), inhibiting the rate of exchange of GDP for GTP by Gαi3. AGS3 interacts with both Gαi3 and Gαo subunits, but has GDI activity only on Gαi3, not on Gαo. The fourth GoLoco motif of AGS3 is a major contributor to this activity. AGS3 stabilizes Gαi3 in its GDP-bound form, as it inhibits the increase in tryptophan fluorescence of the Gαi3-GDP subunit stimulated by AlF4−. AGS3 is widely expressed as it is detected by immunoblotting in brain, testis, liver, kidney, heart, pancreas, and in PC-12 cells. Several different sizes of the protein are detected. By Northern blotting, AGS3 shows 2.3-kb and 3.5-kb mRNAs in heart and brain, respectively, suggesting tissue-specific alternative splicing. Taken together, our results demonstrate that AGS3 is a GDI. To the best of our knowledge, no other GDI has been described for heterotrimeric G proteins. Inhibition of the Gα subunit and stimulation of heterotrimeric G protein signaling, presumably by stimulating Gβγ, extend the possibilities for modulating signal transduction through heterotrimeric G proteins.
Proposals for registered nurse prescribing: perceptions and intentions of nurses working in primary health care settings
Creators: name: Wilkinson, Jillian
Publisher: name: Open Access Te Herenga Waka-Victoria University of Wellington
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 111799 Public Health and Health Services not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 111099 Nursing not elsewhere classified

description: INTRODUCTION: In 2013, the Nursing Council of New Zealand consulted on a proposal for introduction of registered nurse (RN) prescribing at two levels (specialist and community) within the designated class of prescriber. The proposal builds on the success of the diabetes nurse specialist prescribing project and the experience of other countries where RN prescribing is well established. AIM: To describe the views and intentions of nurses who work in primary health care (PHC) settings about the two levels of RN prescribing proposed. METHODS: The study involved a self-reported survey using a non-probability sample of RNs working in PHC settings (N=305). Quantitative and qualitative data were analysed descriptively. RESULTS: The respondents were experienced nurses. Overall, 82.3% expressed interest in becoming a community nurse prescriber, and 62.6% expressed interest in the specialist prescriber level. RN prescribing was expected to improve efficiency and access to medicines for high-needs populations, clarify accountability and improve nurses' autonomy. The education requirements for the specialist level were viewed as appropriate but too onerous for many. Requirements were viewed as inadequate for the community level. Concerns were raised about funding for education and support for RN prescribing roles. DISCUSSION: Nurses were positive about the proposals and see a potential to meet significant unmet health need. Nurses are already engaged in the provision of medicines to patients and prescribing authority would ensure they are suitably qualified to engage in these tasks. A clear policy platform will be needed if the proposed levels of RN prescribing are to be successfully implemented. KEYWORDS: New Zealand; prescribing; primary health care; registered nurses
Some Important Practical Aspects of the NFDI4Cat Ontology and Metadata Design
Creators: name: Dr.-Ing. Nadiia Huskova
name: Dr. Taras Petrenko
name: Dr.-Ing. Vishwas Chandrashekhar
name: Dr.-Ing. Thomas Bönisch
name: Dr. David Linke
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: RDM, Ontology, Use case

description: Poster presented on 56. Jahrestreffen Deutscher Katalytiker
RN Prescribing: An Expanded Role for Nursing
Creators: name: Kooienga, Sarah
name: Wilkinson, Jillian
Publisher: name: Open Access Te Herenga Waka-Victoria University of Wellington
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 111099 Nursing not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: PURPOSE: With the implementation of the Affordable Care Act, recommendations of the Future of Nursing Report, and recent regulatory changes by state boards of nursing, registered nurse (RN) roles are expanding. In this article, we advocate for RN prescribing as an expanded role in the United States. METHODS: We reviewed the literature on RN prescribing, the background in both high- and low-resource countries, levels of prescribing, specialized settings for RN prescribing, both RN and patients views/perceptions of prescribing, and evaluation research. From this review, we developed a proposal for RN prescribing. FINDINGS: Due to expansion of RNs into prescribing worldwide to meet unmet healthcare needs in both primary and specialty settings, we propose a role for RN prescribing within both primary care and outpatient specialty settings. The differences between RN and advanced practice RN prescribing are defined, and U.S.-based regulatory challenges are examined. CONCLUSION: Considering unmet healthcare needs and patients' need for medication and medication education, we advocate for RN prescribing as expanded scope and role change for experienced RNs to practice to the highest level of their education.
The Future of Preservation: Reinventing the Repository at Harvard
Creators: name: Leigh, Miriam
name: Gallinger, Michelle
name: Zakuta, Vitaly
name: Barrera-Gomez, Julianna
name: Abrams, Stephen
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: The DRS Futures project is a multi-year effort to re-envision and revitalize Harvard Library’s preservation environment with expanded functionality, reliability, and sustainability. The project has followed a three-phased approach of initial open-ended envisioning of an ideal repository, subsequent specification of an achievable repository, and final deployment of an operational repository. This work aims to replace the Digital Repository Service (DRS) that Harvard Library has maintained for 25 years as a highly customized homegrown preservation system. Although subject to continual enhancement over time, the DRS has now reached the effective limits of its conceptual design and operational capacity and needs to go through a generational modernization. The Library set a high benchmark for project success in terms of ten aspirational goals for support of “any” content, conditions, users, and uses. In a departure from traditional enterprise procurement practice, the project also adopted a framework of ten “radical” transformative work principles. This framework and the insights gained from Harvard's initiative provide useful examples for other institutions considering similar programmatic change.
International Transferability of Nurse Practitioner Credentials in Five Countries
Creators: name: Scanlon, Andrew
name: Bryant-Lukosius, Denise
name: Lehwaldt, Daniela
name: Wilkinson, Jillian
name: Honig, Judy
Publisher: name: Open Access Te Herenga Waka-Victoria University of Wellington
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 111099 Nursing not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: No description supplied
EuropaCat 2023: Improvement of Data and Metadata Quality in Catalysis Research: A Use Case Collection Methodology
Creators: name: Huskova, Nadiia
name: Petrenko, Taras
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: RDM, Ontology, Vocabulary

description: NFDI4Cat contribution to EuropaCat 2023.
Factors Affecting the Successful Settlement of Young Beginning Farmers
Creators: name: Ma, Sangjin
name: Ma, Sangjin
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: young beginning farmers
subject: settlement in rural community
subject: tobit model

description: As aging is the biggest problem in the rural community of South Korea, fostering young farmers is the most effective policy to solve the aging problem. Thus, in this study, we investigate significant factors that affect young beginning farmers’ successful settlement in rural communities. We used the young beginning farmers’ settlement survey which was conducted by the Korea Rural Economic Institute in 2017. We analyzed young beginning farmers’ income and their quality of life for their successful settlement by employing left-censored tobit and ordered logistic regression. The estimation results show that succession of a farm from parents, sufficient start-up funds, and keeping the books are the significant factors to increase young beginning farmers’ income. The results also show that low conflicts with local residents, a good relationship with the community, and enough agricultural income for a living are the significant factors to improve their quality of life.
Self-management support? Listening to people with complex co-morbidities
Creators: name: Francis, Helen
name: Carryer, Jenny
name: Wilkinson, Jillian
Publisher: name: Open Access Te Herenga Waka-Victoria University of Wellington
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 111799 Public Health and Health Services not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110399 Clinical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Objectives The study aimed to explore how people with complex, established co-morbidities experience long-term condition care in New Zealand. Despite the original conception as appropriate for people with early stage disease, in New Zealand the self-management approach dominates the care provided to people at all stages of diagnosis with long-term conditions, something reinforced through particular funding mechanisms. Methods A multiple case study followed the lives of 16 people with several long-term conditions. Data collection comprised two interviews, four weekly contacts with patients over an 18-month period and an interview with their primary health care clinicians. Results This paper reveals a cohort of tired, distracted patients struggling to manage their lives in the face of multiple conflicting challenges, with insufficient energy for the level of personal agency required to deal with the self-management approach. Discussion Participants described aspects of care received, which does meet their needs but sit outside the self-management approach, that resonate with the ideas behind current approaches to palliative care. The potential of an approach to care built upon these ideas is explored as a more compassionate, effective way of meeting the needs of people with advanced, multiple long-term conditions. Further research is warranted to explore the acceptability of such an approach.