Vincetoxicum Wolf 1776
Creators: name: Zhang, Cai-Fei
name: Wang, Yan
name: Chen, Feng
name: Zhou, Hou-Lin
name: Liao, Miao
name: Odago, Wyclif Ochieng
name: Hu, Guang-Wan
name: Wang, Qing-Feng
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Gentianales
Apocynaceae
Vincetoxicum

description: Key to the species of Vincetoxicum from the Three Gorges District in Central China:
1. Shrubs or herbs; stems climbing or prostate.......................................................................................................................................2
- Herbs, rarely subshrubs; stems erect, sometimes uppermost parts twining .....................................................................................16
2. Leaf blades mostly lanceolate to linear, less than 2 cm wide; petioles no more than 1 cm long .......................................................3
- Leaf blades ovate, elliptic, or ovate-oblong, more than 2 cm wide; petioles more than 1 cm long.................................................11
3. Stems puberulent along 1 or 2 lines; peduncles less than 1 cm long, or up to 3 cm (V. pilosellum)..................................................4
- Stems glabrous, or sparsely puberulent but not along lines; peduncles more than 2 cm long ...........................................................6
4. Peduncles up to 3 cm long............................................................................................................................................... V. pilosellum
- Peduncles 5–8 mm long......................................................................................................................................................................5
5. Corollas urceolate, with white tubes and purplish red lobes..................................................................................... V. microcentrum
- Corollas campanulate, yellow ...................................................................................................................................... V. shaanxiense
6. Corollas purplish red ..........................................................................................................................................................................7
- Corollas yellow, yellowish green or white .........................................................................................................................................8
7. Leaf lateral veins obvious, ca. 4 pairs; corollas internally glabrous ................................................................................... V. silvestre
- Leaf lateral veins obscure; corollas internally puberulent...................................................................................................... V. henryi
8. Leaves mostly more than 1 cm wide; coronas less developed, lobes ringlike, inserted near base of gynostegium...........................9
- Leaves mostly less than 1 cm wide; coronas well developed, lobes ovoid, reaching anther base...................................................10
9. Corollas white, lobes much shorter than tubes........................................................................................................... V. hemsleyanum
- Corollas yellowish green, lobes much longer than tubes ............................................................................................ V. pingtaoanum
10. Stems glabrous; leaf blades linear-lanceolate, 5.5–9 cm long; corollas green or yellow........................................................ V. kerrii
- Stems puberulent along 1 line; leaf blades oblong-ovate, 3–5 cm long; corollas purplish red.................................... V. floribundum
11. Stems and leaves densely hirsute or puberulent...............................................................................................................................12
- Stems glabrous or puberulent along 1 line; leaves glabrous or only puberulent on midveins .........................................................13
12. Stems and leaves densely hirsute; corollas dark purplish red; corona lobes horned-falcate, horizontally stellate spreading (former Belostemma) .................................................................................................................................................................. V. belostemma
- Stems and leaves densely puberulent; corollas purple, or yellow with somewhat purple; corona lobes only slightly swollen, not spreading............................................................................................................................................................................. V. chinense
13. Evergreen woody lianas; leaf blades thinly coriaceous, not cordate at base, no more than 8 × 3 cm ......................... V. pingtaoanum
- Deciduous herbs; leaf blades chartaceous to membranous, usually cordate or shallowly cordate at base, if rounded then mostly larger than 8 × 3 cm (V. henryanum) ................................................................................................................................................14
14. Peduncles usually shorter than pedicels; rachis always short, unbranched.................................................................... V. henryanum
- Peduncles usually longer than pedicles; rachis often many branched..............................................................................................15
15. Leaf blades oblong-ovate to hastate, base cordate to rounded; petioles less than 1.5 cm long; corollas purple, 2–3 mm in diameter ...................................................................................................................................................................................... V. floribundum
- Leaf blades ovate or ovate-oblong, base cordate to cuneate or truncate; petioles 1.5 cm or longer; corollas greenish or greenish orange, 4–6 mm in diameter..................................................................................................................................... V. augustinianum
16. Upper stems twining; inflorescences extra-axillary .........................................................................................................................17
- Erect herbs; inflorescences terminal or nearly terminal ...................................................................................................................18
17. Leaves no more than 10 cm long...................................................................................................................................... V. versicolor
- Leaves more than 10 cm long except upper smaller ones .......................................................................................... V. chekiangense
18. Leaf blades ovate, elliptic, or ovate-oblong, less than 3 times as long as wide ...............................................................................19
- Leaf blades linear or narrowly lanceolate, 4 or more times as long as wide....................................................................................21
19. Stems densely tomentose; leaves densely tomentose on both surfaces; inflorescences mostly sessile; corollas dark purplish red .... ............................................................................................................................................................................................. V. atratum
- Stems pubescent along 1 side; leaves puberulent only on veins; inflorescences pedunculate.........................................................20
20. Corollas yellow to brownish or purple, interior puberulent or puberulent except sometimes for lobes ............................. V. forrestii
- Corollas yellow, interior glabrous except sometimes for a few trichomes inside tube ................................................. V. inamoenum
21. Stems puberulent along 1 or 2 lines .................................................................................................................................................22
- Stems glabrous..................................................................................................................................................................................25
22. Stems puberulent along 2 lines..................................................................................................................................... V. glaucescens
- Stems puberulent along 1 line, at least on young branches..............................................................................................................23
23. Leaves 3–6 in a whorl, at least in lower stem; corollas white..................................................................................... V. verticillatum
- Leaves opposite; corollas purplish red or yellow .............................................................................................................................24
24. Leaf blades ovate-lanceolate, 3–10 × 1–3 cm; corollas purplish red ........................................................................... V. mongolicum
- Leaf blades linear-lanceolate, ca. 6 × 0. 5 cm; corollas yellow.................................................................................. V. stenophyllum
25. Leaf blades no more than 5 mm wide; petioles ca. 5 mm long; corollas purpulish red; in wet places ............................ V. stauntonii
- Leaf blades mostly more than 5 mm wide; petioles less than 5 mm long; corollas yellowish green; in dry places .... V. mukdenense
description: Published as part of Zhang, Cai-Fei, Wang, Yan, Chen, Feng, Zhou, Hou-Lin, Liao, Miao, Odago, Wyclif Ochieng, Hu, Guang-Wan & Wang, Qing-Feng, 2022, Vincetoxicum pingtaoanum (Apocynaceae: Asclepiadeae), a new species from the Three Gorges District in Central China, pp. 59-70 in Phytotaxa 564 (1) on pages 67-68, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.564.1.4, http://zenodo.org/record/7077828