cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Are doctors using more preventive medication for cardiovascular disease? A Swedish cross-sectional study
Creators: name: Lillqvist, Joel
name: Sommar, Johan N.
name: Gustafsson, Per E.
name: Glader, Eva-Lotta
name: Hamberg, Katarina
name: Rolandsson, Olov
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Science Policy

description: Despite decreasing mortality from cardiovascular disease (CVD), there are persistent inequities in mortality between socioeconomic groups. Primary preventative medications reduce mortality in CVD; thus, inequitable treatments will contribute to unequal outcomes. Physicians might contribute to inequality by prescribing preventative medication for CVD to themselves in a biased manner. To determine whether primary medications for preventing CVD were prescribed inequitably between physicians and non-physicians. This retrospective study retrieved registry data on prescribed medications for all physicians in Sweden aged 45–74 years, during 2013, and for reference non-physician individuals, matched by sex, age, residence, and level of education. The outcome was any medication for preventing CVD, received at least once during 2013. Age and the sex-specific prevalence of myocardial infarction (MI) among physicians and non-physicians were used as a proxy for the need for medication. Thereafter, to limit the analysis to preventative medication, we excluded individuals that were diagnosed with CVD or diabetes. To analyse differences in medication usage between physicians and matched non-physicians, we estimated odds ratios (ORs) with conditional logistic regression and adjusted for need and household income. MI prevalences were 5.7% for men and 2.3% for women, among physicians, and 5.4% for men and 1.8% for women, among non-physicians. We included 25,105 physicians and 44,366 non-physicians. The OR for physicians receiving any CVD preventative medication, compared to non-physicians, was 1.65 (95% confidence interval 1.59–1.72). We found an inequity in prescribed preventative CVD medications, which favoured physicians over non-physicians. Groups with low socioeconomic status have lower rates of using medication that prevents cardiovascular disease, compared to groups with high socioeconomic status. Physicians are responsible for prescribing all medicines to prevent cardiovascular disease; thus, biased prescriptions could have effects on the equality of care in the population. Compared to individuals with equivalent education, physicians had higher rates of using medication that prevents cardiovascular disease. This study highlights the need for systematic population-based evaluation of CVD risk in order to promote equitable CVD outcomes.
Minimum Makespan Multi-vehicle Dial-a-Ride
Creators: name: Gørtz, Inge Li
name: Viswanath  Nagarajan
name: Ramamoorthi Ravi
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 150399 Business and Management not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Dial-a-Ride problems consist of a set V of n vertices in a metric space (denoting travel time between vertices) and a set of m  objects represented as source-destination pairs {(si,ti)}^mi=1, where each object requires to be moved from its source to destination vertex. In the multi-vehicle Dial-a-Ride problem, there are q vehicles each having capacity k and where each vehicle j ∈  [q] has its own depot-vertex rj ∈ V. A feasible schedule consists of a capacitated route for each vehicle (where vehicle j originates and ends at its depot rj that together move all objects from their sources to destinations. The objective is to find a feasible schedule that minimizes the maximum completion time (i.e. makespan) of vehicles, where the completion time of vehicle j is the time when it returns to its depot rjat the end of its route. We consider the preemptive  version of multi-vehicle Dial-a-Ride, where an object may be left at intermediate vertices and transported by more than one vehicle, while being moved from source to destination. Approximation algorithms for the single vehicle Dial-a-Ride problem (q = 1) have been considered in [3,10]

Our main results are an O(log3 n)-approximation algorithm for preemptive multi-vehicle Dial-a-Ride, and an improved O(logt)-approximation for its special case when there is no capacity constraint (here t  ≤ n is the number of distinct depot-vertices). There is an Ω(log1/4 n) hardness of approximation known [9] even for single vehicle capacitated preemptive Dial-a-Ride. We also obtain an improved constant factor approximation algorithm for the uncapacitated multi-vehicle problem on metrics induced by graphs excluding any fixed minor.
CFHTLenS: A Gaussian likelihood is a sufficient approximation for a cosmological analysis of third-order cosmic shear statistics
Creators: name: Simon, P.
name: Semboloni, E.
name: van Waerbeke, L.
name: Hoekstra, H.
name: Erben, T.
name: Fu, L.
name: Harnois-Déraps, J.
name: Heymans, C.
name: Hildebrandt, H.
name: Kilbinger, M.
name: Kitching, T. D.
name: Miller, L.
name: Schrabback, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the correlations of the shear signal between triplets of sources in the Canada-France-Hawaii Lensing Survey (CFHTLenS) to probe cosmological parameters via the matter bispectrum. In contrast to previous studies, we adopted a non-Gaussian model of the data likelihood which is supported by our simulations of the survey. We find that for state-of-the-art surveys, similar to CFHTLenS, a Gaussian likelihood analysis is a reasonable approximation, albeit small differences in the parameter constraints are already visible. For future surveys we expect that a Gaussian model becomes inaccurate. Our algorithm for a refined non-Gaussian analysis and data compression is then of great utility especially because it is not much more elaborate if simulated data are available. Applying this algorithm to the third-order correlations of shear alone in a blind analysis, we find a good agreement with the standard cosmological model: $Σ_8$=$σ_8$ $(Ω_{\rm m}/0.27)^{0.64}$=$0.79^{+0.08}_{-0.11}$ for a flat $Λ\rm CDM$ cosmology with $h=0.7\pm0.04$ ($68\%$ credible interval). Nevertheless our models provide only moderately good fits as indicated by $χ^2/{\rm dof}=2.9$, including a $20\%$ r.m.s. uncertainty in the predicted signal amplitude. The models cannot explain a signal drop on scales around 15 arcmin, which may be caused by systematics. It is unclear whether the discrepancy can be fully explained by residual PSF systematics of which we find evidence at least on scales of a few arcmin. Therefore we need a better understanding of higher-order correlations of cosmic shear and their systematics to confidently apply them as cosmological probes.
description: 21 pages, 13 figures, accepted by MNRAS; edit of arXiv abstract; files are unchanged
Which scholarly platforms / infrastructures / networks exist on the African continent?
Creators: name: Havemann, Jo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: Presentation held at the Open Science day co-hosted by UNESCO and the African Open Science Platform (AOSP) at the World Science Forum 2022.
 You can access the live presentation at https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/10vZTeslg8wcZavRoP9CzFtmtIlKVTXlgp316I3S0Hbc/edit#slide=id.g1299adf0a46_0_83
Neoproterozoic Eclogite-to Granulite-Facies Transition in the Ubendian Belt, Tanzania, and the Timescale of Continental Collision
Creators: name: Flores, K.E.
name: Aoki, S.
name: Morita, I.
name: Aoki, K.
name: Boniface, N.
name: Tsujimori, T.
Publisher: name: Oxford University Press
Year: 2022

description: In collision-type orogens, where high-pressure and ultrahigh-pressure (HP-UHP) metamorphism usually occurs, deeply subducted continental slabs with eclogitized mafic rocks often undergo recrystallization/overprinting with various geothermal gradients after the peak conditions at lower-to-middle-crustal levels. During the crustal stabilization, the transition from eclogite-to granulite-facies is common. We conducted metamorphic petrology and zircon geochronology on (1) bimineralic and (2) partially granulitized eclogites from the Neoproterozoic Ufipa Terrane (Southwestern Tanzania). Microtextural relationships and mineral chemistry define three metamorphic stages: eclogite metamorphism (M1), HP granulite-facies overprinting (M2), and amphibolite-facies retrogression (M3). The bimineralic eclogite has a basaltic composition and lacks M2 minerals. In contrast, the kyanite eclogite is characterized by a gabbro-dioritic whole-rock composition and contains inherited magmatic zircon. Although the matrix is highly granulitized, garnet and kyanite contain eclogite-facies mineral inclusions. Phase equilibria modeling revealed P-T conditions of 2.1-2.6 GPa and 650-860°C for the M1 stage and 1.4-1.6 GPa and 750-940°C for the M2 stage. Zircon with eclogite-facies mineral inclusions from the bimineralic eclogite lacks Eu anomaly in the REE patterns and yielded the M1 eclogite metamorphic age of 588 ± 3 Ma. Zircon overgrowths surrounding the inherited Paleoproterozoic magmatic cores in kyanite eclogite yielded 562 ± 3 Ma. A weak negative Eu anomaly in the REE patterns and the absence of eclogitic mineral inclusions suggest the zircon growths at the M2 HP granulite-facies metamorphic stage. These new data indicate an eclogite-to granulite-facies transition time of 26 ± 4 million years (Myr), suggesting a rate of HP rock exhumation toward a lower crustal level of 0.7-1.5 mm/year. Furthermore, the density evolution model indicates that buoyant host orthogneiss with low-density gabbro-dioritic eclogite plays an important role in carrying high-density basaltic eclogite. Our 2D thermomechanical modeling also suggests that a slab break-off with a lower angle subduction of <20° triggers the exhumation of the HP slab sliver with 20-30 Myr eclogite-to granulite transition time of large HP-UHP terranes in major collision zones.
The Caribbean and Farallon Plates Connected: Constraints From Stratigraphy and Paleomagnetism of the Nicoya Peninsula, Costa Rica
Creators: name: Langereis, C.G.
name: Boschman, L.M.
name: van der Wiel, E.
name: Flores, K.E.
name: van Hinsbergen, D.J.J.
Publisher: name: Blackwell Publishing Ltd
Year: 2019

description: Plate kinematic reconstructions play an essential role in our understanding of global geodynamics, but become increasingly difficult to constrain back in geological time due to the subduction of oceanic lithosphere. Here, we attempt to kinematically reconstruct the Cretaceous and older plate tectonic history of the Caribbean Plate within the Mesozoic Panthalassa (paleo-Pacific) Ocean. To this end, we present new paleomagnetic data from Jurassic and Cretaceous oceanic sedimentary and volcanic Large Igneous Province-related rocks of the Nicoya Peninsula and Murciélago Islands of northwestern Costa Rica. We use these data, in combination with constraints from marine magnetic anomalies to infer the age of the lithospheric basement, seismic tomography to locate deep-mantle plume generation zones, and general kinematic feasibility, to test different reconstruction scenarios connecting the Caribbean Plate to the Farallon Plate as restored from Pacific spreading records. Our resulting reconstruction implies that the western Caribbean subduction zone initiated around 100 Ma, in an intraoceanic setting, breaking up oceanic lithosphere of at least 70 Myr old.
Management of children with non-acute abdominal pain and diarrhea in Dutch primary care: a retrospective cohort study based on a routine primary care database (AHON)
Creators: name: Ansems, Sophie M.
name: Berger, Marjolein Y.
name: Pieterse, Elaine
name: Nanne, Sjaantje
name: Beugel, Gina G.
name: Couwenberg, Ria P. E.
name: Holtman, Gea A.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: To describe the testing, prescription, referral, and follow-up management by general practitioners (GPs) for children presenting with non-acute abdominal pain and/or diarrhea in primary care. Retrospective cohort study with one-year follow-up. Registry data from a Dutch primary care database (AHON) between 2015 and 2019. Children aged 4–18 years old who presented by face-to-face consultation in primary care for non-acute abdominal pain and/or diarrhea (>7 days). We recorded the proportions of children who received (1) diagnostic testing, medicine prescriptions, follow-up consultations, and referrals at their first visit and (2) repeat consultations and referrals by one-year of follow-up. Among the 2200 children (median age, 10.5 years; interquartile range, 7.0–14.6) presenting to a GP with non-acute abdominal pain and/or diarrhea, most reported abdominal pain (78.7%). At the first visit, GPs performed diagnostic testing for 32.2%, provided a prescription to 34.5%, and referred 2.5% to secondary care. Twenty-five percent of the children had a follow-up consultation within four weeks and 20.8% had a repeat consultation between four weeks and one year. Thirteen percent of the children were referred to secondary care by one year. However, only 1% of all children had documentation of an organic diagnosis needing management in secondary care. One-third of children received diagnostic testing or a medicine prescription. Few had a follow-up consultation and >10% was referred to pediatric care. Future research should explore the motivations of GPs why and which children receive diagnostic and medical interventions. General practitioners (GPs) often manage children with non-acute abdominal pain and/or diarrhea, which is typically due to a functional gastrointestinal disorder (FGID). Nearly one-third of all children underwent diagnostic testing at their first visit. Although recommended by the guideline of the Dutch Society of GPs, we found that only a quarter of children received a follow-up consultation. Thirteen percent of children were referred to pediatric specialist care by one year.
Observation of bound states in Lieb photonic lattices
Creators: name: Vicencio, Rodrigo A.
name: Cantillano, Camilo
name: Morales-Inostroza, Luis
name: Real, Bastian
name: Weimann, Steffen
name: Szameit, Alexander
name: Molina, Mario I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first experimental demonstration of a new type of bound states in the continuum, namely, compacton-like linear states in flat bands lattices. To this end, photonic Lieb lattices are employed, which exhibit three tight-binding bands, with one being perfectly flat. Our results could be of great importance for fundamental physics as well as for various applications concerning imaging and data transmission.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Femtosecond Diffraction and Dynamic High Pressure Science
Creators: name: Wark, Justin S.
name: McMahon, Malcolm I.
name: Eggert, Jon H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Solid state material at high pressure is prevalent throughout the Universe, and an understanding of the structure of matter under such extreme conditions, gleaned from x-ray diffraction, has been pursued for the best part of a century. The highest pressures that can be reached to date (2 TPa) in combination with x-ray diffraction diagnosis have been achieved by dynamic compression via laser ablation . The past decade has witnessed remarkable advances in x-ray technologies, with novel x-ray Free-Electron-Lasers (FELs) affording the capacity to produce high quality single-shot diffraction data on time scales below 100 fsec. We provide a brief history of the field of dynamic compression, spanning from when the x-ray sources were almost always laser-plasma based, to the current state-of-the art diffraction capabilities provided by FELs. We give an overview of the physics of dynamic compression, diagnostic techniques, and the importance of understanding how the rate of compression influences the final temperatures reached. We provide illustrative examples of experiments performed on FEL facilities that are starting to give insight into how materials deform at ultra-high strain rates, their phase diagrams, and the types of states that can be reached. We emphasize that there often appear to be differences in the crystalline phases observed between use of static and dynamic compression techniques. We give our perspective on both the current state of this rapidly evolving field, and some glimpses of how we see it developing in the near-to-medium term.
description: 40 pages, 18 figures. This article has been submitted to the Journal of Applied Physics
Record of massive upwellings from the Pacific large low shear velocity province
Creators: name: Bizimis, M.
name: Flores, K.E.
name: Jicha, B.
name: Gazel, E.
name: Madrigal, P.
Publisher: name: Nature Publishing Group
Year: 2016

description: Large igneous provinces, as the surface expression of deep mantle processes, play a key role in the evolution of the planet. Here we analyse the geochemical record and timing of the Pacific Ocean Large Igneous Provinces and preserved accreted terranes to reconstruct the history of pulses of mantle plume upwellings and their relation with a deep-rooted source like the Pacific large low-shear velocity Province during the Mid-Jurassic to Upper Cretaceous. Petrological modelling and geochemical data suggest the need of interaction between these deep-rooted upwellings and mid-ocean ridges in pulses separated by ∼10-20 Ma, to generate the massive volumes of melt preserved today as oceanic plateaus. These pulses impacted the marine biota resulting in episodes of anoxia and mass extinctions shortly after their eruption.
Low-volume intraplate volcanism in the early/middle jurassic pacific basin documented by accreted sequences in costa rica
Creators: name: Baumgartner, P.O.
name: Cosca, M.
name: Buchs, D.M.
name: Bandini, A.N.
name: Pilet, S.
name: Flores, K.E.
Publisher: name: Blackwell Publishing Ltd
Year: 2013

description: Countless seamounts occur on Earth that can provide important constraints on intraplate volcanism and plate tectonics in the oceans, yet their nature and origin remain poorly known due to difficulties in investigating the deep ocean. We present here new lithostratigraphic, age and geochemical data from Lower/Middle Jurassic and Lower Cretaceous sequences in the Santa Rosa accretionary complex, Costa Rica, which offer a valuable opportunity to study a small-sized seamount from a subducted plate segment of the Pacific basin. The seamount is characterized by very unusual lithostratigraphic sequences with sills of potassic alkaline basalt emplaced within thick beds of radiolarite, basaltic breccia and hyaloclastite. An integration of new geochemical, biochronological and geochronological data with lithostratigraphic observations suggests that the seamount formed ~175 Ma ago on thick oceanic crust away from subduction zones and mid-ocean ridges. This seamount traveled ~65 Ma in the Pacific before accretion. It resembles lithologically and compositionally "petit-spot" volcanoes found off Japan, which form in response to plate flexure near subduction zones. Also, the composition of the sills and lava flows in the accreted seamount closely resembles that of potassic alkaline basalts produced by lithosphere cracking along the Line Islands chain. We hypothesize based on these observations, petrological constraints and formation of the accreted seamount coeval with the early stages of development of the Pacific plate that the seamount formed by extraction of small volumes of melt from the base of the lithosphere in response to propagating fractures at the scale of the Pacific basin.
Additional file 1 of Prevalence and characteristics of metabolic syndrome and its components among adults living with and without HIV in Nigeria: a single-center study
Creators: name: Jumare, Jibreel
name: Dakum, Patrick
name: Sam-Agudu, Nadia
name: Memiah, Peter
name: Nowak, Rebecca
name: Bada, Florence
name: Oguama, Uzoamaka
name: Odonye, George
name: Adebiyi, Ruxton
name: Cairo, Cristiana
name: Kwaghe, Vivian
name: Adebamowo, Clement
name: Abimiku, Alash’le
name: Charurat, Man
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Virology

description: Additional file 1: Appendix 1. Demographic and clinical characteristics. Appendix 2. Characteristics associated with high blood pressure. Appendix 3. Characteristics associated with diabetes mellitus. Appendix 4. Characteristics associated with prediabetes. Appendix 5. Characteristics associated with high triglycerides. Appendix 6. Characteristics associated with low HDL-C. Appendix 6. Characteristics associated with low HDL-C. Appendix 7. Characteristics associated with abdominal obesity.
Constraints on self-dual black hole in loop quantum gravity with S0-2 star in the Galactic Center
Creators: name: Yan, Jian-Ming
name: Wu, Qiang
name: Liu, Cheng
name: Zhu, Tao
name: Wang, Anzhong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of remarkable features of loop quantum gravity (LQG) is that it can provide resolutions to both the black hole and big bang singularities. In the mini-superspace approach based on the polymerization procedure in LQG, a quantum corrected black hole metric is constructed. This metric is also known as self-dual spacetime since the form of the metric is invariant under the exchange $r \to a_0/r$ with $a_0$ being proportional to the minimum area in LQG and $r$ is the standard radial coordinate at asymptotic infinity. It modifies the Schwarzschild spacetime by the polymeric function $P$, purely due to the geometric quantum effects from LQG. Here $P$ is related to the polymeric parameter $δ$ which is introduced to define the paths one integrates the connection along to define the holonomies in the quantum corrected Hamiltonian constraint in the polymerization procedure in LQG. In this paper, we consider its effects on the orbital signatures of S0-2 star orbiting Sgr A* in the central region of our Milky Way, and compare it with the publicly available astrometric and spectroscopic data, including the astrometric positions, the radial velocities, and the orbital precession for the S0-2 star. We perform Monte Carlo Markov Chain (MCMC) simulations to probe the possible LQG effects on the orbit of S0-2 star. No significant evidence of the self-dual spacetime arisIng from LQG is found. We thus place an upper bounds at 95\% confidence level on the polymeric function $P < 0.043$ and $P < 0.056$, for Gaussian and uniform priors on orbital parameters, respectively.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables; v2: 12 pages, 7 figures, 2 tables, to appear in JCAP
Depth-resolved Laue microdiffraction with coded-apertures
Creators: name: Gursoy, Doga
name: Sheyfer, Dina
name: Wojcik, Michael
name: Liu, Wenjun
name: Tischler, Jonathan Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: We introduce a rapid data acquisition and reconstruction method to image the crystalline structure of materials and associated strain and orientations at micrometer resolution using Laue diffraction. Our method relies on scanning a coded-aperture across the diffracted x-ray beams from a broadband illumination, and a reconstruction algorithm to resolve Laue microdiffraction patterns as a function of depth along the incident illumination path. This method provides a rapid access to full diffraction information at sub-micrometer volume elements in bulk materials. Here we present the theory as well as the experimental validation of this imaging approach.
Critical components of social prescribing programmes with a focus on older adults - a systematic review
Creators: name: Rapo, Emil
name: Johansson, Erika
name: Jonsson, Frida
name: Hörnsten, Åsa
name: Lundgren, Anna Sofia
name: Nilsson, Ingeborg
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: The aim of this study was to identify and evaluate critical components within social prescribing programmes that can impact loneliness, health, or well-being among older adults. A systematic review with a narrative synthesis was conducted by systematically searching five databases. A total of 1193 hits were identified, screened, and assessed. Twelve studies were included, with data being extracted and deductively analysed in an iterative manner and then tabulated together with outcomes in order to find common narratives. Three critical components were identified: Assessment before prescription, matching participants with relevant activities, and individualised support from link worker. These critical components seemed important for the success of social prescribing programmes since they had an impact on loneliness, health, and well-being. All together, these results highlight the importance of person-centeredness in the prescribing process. The three critical components identified may prove useful in further research, evaluation, or implementation of social prescribing programmes. Important aspects for further evaluation are discussed.
Uniqueness of solutions in thermopiezoelectricity of nonsimple materials
Creators: name: Passarella, Francesca
name: Tibullo, Vincenzo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, using the entropy production inequality of Green and Laws, the theory of thermopiezoelectricity is presented, in which the second gradient of displacement and the second gradient of electric potential are included in the set of independent constitutive variables. At first, the appropriate thermodynamic restrictions and constitutive equations are obtained. Then, the basic equations of linear theory are derived and a uniqueness result for the mixed boundary-initial value problem is presented.
description: 15 pages, 0 figures
Mr Hicks and the "Monetarists"
Creators: name: Brunner, Karl
name: Meltzer, Allan
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 150399 Business and Management not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: It is a great privilege to open a conference in honor of Sir John Hicks. Among his many contributions to economics, none has been more influential than his interpretation and restatement of Keynesian theory in "Mr. Keynes and the 'Classics." So many textbooks and articles have adopted the framework, first presented in that paper, it has become the standard statement of macro-economic theory. Few dispute its place. Restatements, amendments, and modifications have neither obliterated the main features of Hicks1 presentation, nor successfully altered many of the main propositions.
Electric dipole moments due to nuclear Schiff moment interactions: A reassessment of the atoms $^{129}$Xe, $^{199}$Hg, and the molecule $^{205}$TlF
Creators: name: Hubert, Mickaël
name: Fleig, Timo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present relativistic many-body calculations of atomic and molecular Schiff-moment interaction constants including interelectron correlation effects using atomic Gaussian basis sets specifically optimized for the Schiff interaction. Our present best results employing a Gaussian nuclear density function are $α_{\text{SM}} = (0.364 \pm 0.025) \times 10^{-17} \frac{e \text{cm}}{e \text{fm}^3}$ for atomic $^{129}$Xe, $α_{\text{SM}} = (-2.40 \pm 0.24) \times 10^{-17} \frac{e \text{cm}}{e \text{fm}^3}$ for atomic $^{199}$Hg, and $W_{\text{SM}} = (39967\pm 3600)$ a.u. for the thallium nucleus in the molecule $^{205}$TlF. We discuss agreements and discrepancies between our present results and those from earlier calculations on the atoms $^{129}$Xe and $^{199}$Hg. Using the most recent measurements of ${\cal{P,T}}$-odd electric dipole moments and the present interaction constants reliable upper bounds on the Schiff moments of the $^{199}$Hg and $^{205}$Tl nuclei are determined in the context of a single-source assumption.
description: 24 pages, 1 figure
Data-driven non-Markovian closure models
Creators: name: Kondrashov, Dmitri
name: Chekroun, Mickaël D.
name: Ghil, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper has two interrelated foci: (i) obtaining stable and efficient data-driven closure models by using a multivariate time series of partial observations from a large-dimensional system; and (ii) comparing these closure models with the optimal closures predicted by the Mori-Zwanzig (MZ) formalism of statistical physics. Multilayer stochastic models (MSMs) are introduced as both a generalization and a time-continuous limit of existing multilevel, regression-based approaches to closure in a data-driven setting; these approaches include empirical model reduction (EMR), as well as more recent multi-layer modeling. It is shown that the multilayer structure of MSMs can provide a natural Markov approximation to the generalized Langevin equation (GLE) of the MZ formalism. A simple correlation-based stopping criterion for an EMR-MSM model is derived to assess how well it approximates the GLE solution. Sufficient conditions are derived on the structure of the nonlinear cross-interactions between the constitutive layers of a given MSM to guarantee the existence of a global random attractor. This existence ensures that no blow-up can occur for a very broad class of MSM applications, a class that includes non-polynomial predictors and nonlinearities that do not necessarily preserve quadratic energy invariants. The approach is applied to conceptual nonlinear models borrowed from climate dynamics and population dynamics. In both cases, it is shown that the resulting closure models are able to capture the main statistical features of the dynamics, even in presence of weak time-scale separation.
description: 47 pages, 7 figures
Predictive data-driven model based on generative adversarial network for premixed turbulence-combustion regimes
Creators: name: Grenga, Temistocle
name: Nista, Ludovico
name: Schumann, Christoph
name: Karimi, Amir Noughabi
name: Scialabba, Gandolfo
name: Attili, Antonio
name: Pitsch, Heinz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Premixed flames exhibit different asymptotic regimes of interaction between heat release and turbulence depending on their respective length scales. At high Karlovitz number, the dilatation caused by heat release does not have any relevant effect on turbulent kinetic energy with respect to non-reacting flow, while at low Karlovitz number, the mean shear is a sink of turbulent kinetic energy, and counter-gradient transport is observed. This latter phenomenon is not well captured by closure models commonly used in Large Eddy Simulations that are based on gradient diffusion. The massive amount of data available from Direct Numerical Simulation (DNS) opens the possibility to develop data-driven models able to represent physical mechanisms and non-linear features present in both these regimes. In this work, the databases are formed by DNSs of two planar hydrogen/air flames at different Karlovitz numbers corresponding to the two asymptotic regimes. In this context, the Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) gives the possibility to successfully recognize and reconstruct both gradient and counter-gradient phenomena if trained with databases where both regimes are included. Two GAN models were first trained each for a specific Karlovitz number and tested using the same dataset in order to verify the capability of the models to learn the features of a single asymptotic regime and assess its accuracy. In both cases, the GAN models were able to reconstruct the Reynolds stress subfilter scales accurately. Later, the GAN was trained with a mixture of both datasets to create a model containing physical knowledge of both combustion regimes. This model was able to reconstruct the subfilter scales for both cases capturing the interaction between heat release and turbulence closely to the DNS as shown from the turbulent kinetic budget and barycentric maps.
description: 24 pages, 11 figures. This article has been submitted for publication in Combustion Science and Technology, published by Taylor & Francis
Quantum Set Theory Extending the Standard Probabilistic Interpretation of Quantum Theory
Creators: name: Ozawa, Masanao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The notion of equality between two observables will play many important roles in foundations of quantum theory. However, the standard probabilistic interpretation based on the conventional Born formula does not give the probability of equality between two arbitrary observables, since the Born formula gives the probability distribution only for a commuting family of observables. In this paper, quantum set theory developed by Takeuti and the present author is used to systematically extend the standard probabilistic interpretation of quantum theory to define the probability of equality between two arbitrary observables in an arbitrary state. We apply this new interpretation to quantum measurement theory, and establish a logical basis for the difference between simultaneous measurability and simultaneous determinateness.
description: latex, 31 pages. An extended abstract of this paper was presented in the 11th International Workshop on Quantum Physics and Logic (QPL 2014), Kyoto University, Japan, June 4-6, 2014 and appeared in EPTCS 172, 2014, pp. 15-26, arXiv:1412.8540 [quant-ph], v3: revised Theorem 5.2
Exceptional moduli spaces for exceptional $\mathcal{N}=3$ theories
Creators: name: Kaidi, Justin
name: Martone, Mario
name: Zafrir, Gabi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is expected on general grounds that the moduli space of 4d $\mathcal{N}=3$ theories is of the form $\mathbb{C}^{3r}/Γ$, with $r$ the rank and $Γ$ a crystallographic complex reflection group (CCRG). As in the case of Lie algebras, the space of CCRGs consists of several infinite families, together with some exceptionals. To date, no 4d $\mathcal{N}=3$ theory with moduli space labelled by an exceptional CCRG (excluding Weyl groups) has been identified. In this work we show that the 4d $\mathcal{N}=3$ theories proposed in \cite{Garcia-Etxebarria:2016erx}, constructed via non-geometric quotients of type-$\mathfrak{e}$ 6d (2,0) theories, realize nearly all such exceptional moduli spaces. In addition, we introduce an extension of this construction to allow for twists and quotients by outer automorphism symmetries. This gives new examples of 4d $\mathcal{N}=3$ theories going beyond simple S-folds.
description: 33+25 pages; v2: references added
Multiple Team Membership: A Theoretical Model of Its Effects on Productivity and Learning for Individuals and Teams
Creators: name: O'Leary, Michael Boyer
name: Mortensen, Mark
name: Woolley, Anita
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 150399 Business and Management not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Organizations use multiple team membership to enhance individual and team productivity and learning, but this structure creates competing pressures on attention and information, which make it difficult to increase both productivity and learning. Our model describes how the number and variety of multiple team memberships drive different mechanisms, yielding distinct effects. We show how carefully balancing the number and variety can enhance both productivity and learning
Aalenian to Cenomanian Radiolaria of the Bermeja Complex (Puerto Rico) and Pacific origin of radiolarites on the Caribbean Plate
Creators: name: Hochard, C.
name: Stampfli, G.M.
name: Dumitrica, P.
name: Baumgartner, P.O.
name: Flores, K.
name: Jackett, S.-J.
name: Bandini, A.N.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: The study of the radiolarian ribbon chert is a key in determining the origins of associated Mesozoic oceanic terranes and may help to achieve a general agreement regarding the basic principles on the evolution of the Caribbean Plate. The Bermeja Complex of Puerto Rico, which contains serpentinized peridotite, altered basalt, amphibolite, and chert (Mariquita Chert Formation), is one of these crucial oceanic terranes. The radiolarian biochronology presented in this work is mainly based by correlation on the biozonations of Baumgartner et al. (1995) and O'Dogherty (1994) and indicates an early Middle Jurassic to early Late Cretaceous (late Bajocian-early Callovian to late early Albian-early middle Cenomanian) age. The illustrated assemblages contain about 120 species, of which one is new (Pantanellium karinae), and belonging to about 50 genera. A review of the previous radiolarian published works on the Mariquita Chert Formation and the results of this study suggest that this formation ranges in age from Middle Jurassic to early Late Cretaceous (late Aalenian to early-middle Cenomanian) and also reveal a possible feature of the Bermeja Complex, which is the younging of radiolarian cherts from north to south, evoking a polarity of accretion. On the basis of a currently exhaustive inventory of the radiolarite facies s. s. on the Caribbean Plate, a re-examination of the regional distribution of Middle Jurassic sediments associated with oceanic crust, and a paleoceanographic argumentation on the water currents, we come to the conclusion that the radiolarite and associated Mesozoic oceanic terranes of the Caribbean Plate are of Pacific origin. Eventually, a discussion on the origin of the cherts of the Mariquita Formation illustrated by Middle Jurassic to middle Cretaceous geodynamic models of the Pacific and Caribbean realms bring up the possibility that the rocks of the Bermeja Complex are remnants of two different oceans.
Late Cretaceous and Paleogene radiolaria from the Nicoya Peninsula, Costa Rica: A tectonostratigraphic application
Creators: name: Denyer, P.
name: Flores, K.
name: Jackett, S.-J.
name: Bandini, A.N.
name: Baumgartner, P.O.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Detailed field mapping and paleontological dating in the central and southeastern Nicoya Peninsula has revealed Late Cretaceous and Paleogene radiolarian-bearing siliceous mudstones. These rocks belong to two terranes (Matambú and Manzanillo) that are partially contemporaneous with the Nicoya Complex, but are genetically different. While the Nicoya Complex is formed exclusively by intraplate igneous rocks with associated radiolarites, the studied sections include variable amounts of arc-derived volcanic and terrigenous materials. These fore-arc terranes include mafic to intermediate volcaniclastics and associated pelagic and hemipelagic rocks rich in biogenic silica. Radiolarian preservation in these sediments is often enhanced by the presence of silica-saturated volcanic tuffs and debris. Seven out of 29 samples from different outcrops yielded relatively well-preserved radiolarian faunas. In total, 60 species belonging to 34 genera were present in these faunas, ranging in age from middle Turonian-Santonian to late Thanetian-Ypresian.
Multiplexed readout demonstration of a TES-based detector array in a resistance locked loop
Creators: name: van der Kuur, Jan
name: Gottardi, Luciano
name: Kiviranta, Mikko
name: Akamatsu, Hiroki
name: Khosropanah, Pourya
name: Hartog, Roland den
name: Suzuki, Toyoaki
name: Jackson, Brian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: TES-based bolometer and microcalorimeter arrays with thousands of pixels are under development for several space-based and ground-based applications. A linear detector response and low levels of cross talk facilitate the calibration of the instruments. In an effort to improve the properties of TES-based detectors, fixing the TES resistance in a resistance-locked loop (RLL) under optical loading has recently been proposed. Earlier theoretical work on this mode of operation has shown that the detector speed, linearity and dynamic range should improve with respect to voltage biased operation. This paper presents an experimental demonstration of multiplexed readout in this mode of operation in a TES-based detector array with noise equivalent power values (NEP) of $3.5\cdot 10^{-19} $W/$\sqrt{\mathrm{Hz}}$. The measured noise and dynamic properties of the detector in the RLL will be compared with the earlier modelling work. Furthermore, the practical implementation routes for future FDM systems for the readout of bolometer and microcalorimeter arrays will be discussed.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, ASC14
title: f-Divergence constrained policy improvement
Creators: name: Belousov, Boris
name: Peters, Jan
Publisher: name: UNSPECIFIED
Year: 2023

description: To ensure stability of learning, state-of-the-art generalized policy iteration algorithms augment the policy improvement step with a trust region constraint bounding the information loss. The size of the trust region is commonly determined by the Kullback-Leibler (KL) divergence, which not only captures the notion of distance well but also yields closed-form solutions. In this paper, we consider a more general class of f-divergences and derive the corresponding policy update rules. The generic solution is expressed through the derivative of the convex conjugate function to f and includes the KL solution as a special case. Within the class of f-divergences, we further focus on a one-parameter family of α-divergences to study effects of the choice of divergence on policy improvement. Previously known as well as new policy updates emerge for different values of α. We show that every type of policy update comes with a compatible policy evaluation resulting from the chosen f-divergence. Interestingly, the mean-squared Bellman error minimization is closely related to policy evaluation with the Pearson χ²-divergence penalty, while the KL divergence results in the soft-max policy update and a log-sum-exp critic. We carry out asymptotic analysis of the solutions for different values of α and demonstrate the effects of using different divergence functions on a multi-armed bandit problem and on common standard reinforcement learning problems.
Extreme mass-ratio inspirals as probes of scalar fields: eccentric equatorial orbits around Kerr black holes
Creators: name: Barsanti, Susanna
name: Franchini, Nicola
name: Gualtieri, Leonardo
name: Maselli, Andrea
name: Sotiriou, Thomas P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study binary systems in which a stellar mass compact object spirals into a massive black hole, known as extreme mass ratio inspirals, in scenarios with a new fundamental scalar field. Earlier work has shown that, in most interesting such scenarios and to leading order in the mass ratio, the massive black holes can be adequately approximated by the Kerr metric and the imprint of the scalar field on the waveform is fully controlled by the scalar charge of the stellar mass object. Here we use this drastic simplification in the inspiral modelling and consider eccentric equatorial orbits. We study how the scalar charge affects the orbital evolution for different eccentricities and different values of the black hole spin. We then determine how changes in the orbital evolution get imprinted on the waveform and assess LISA's capability to detect or constrain the scalar charge.
description: Minor changes to match the version published on Phys. Rev. D
Particle-vibration coupling effect on the $β$-decay of magic nuclei
Creators: name: Niu, Yifei
name: Niu, Zhongming
name: Colo, Gianluca
name: Vigezzi, Enrico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nuclear $β$-decay in magic nuclei is investigated, taking into account the coupling between particle and collective vibrations,on top of self-consistent random phase approximation calculations based on Skyrme density functionals. The low-lying Gamow-Teller strength is shifted downwards and at times becomes fragmented; as a consequence, the $β$-decay half-lives are reduced due to the increase of the phase space available for the decay. In some cases, this leads to a very good agreement between theoretical and experimental lifetimes: this happens, in particular, in the case of the Skyrme force SkM*, that can also reproduce the line shape of the high energy Gamow-Teller resonance as it was previously shown.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Optical generation and detection of pure valley current in monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides
Creators: name: Shan, Wen-Yu
name: Zhou, Jianhui
name: Xiao, Di
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a practical scheme to generate a pure valley current in monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides by one-photon absorption of linearly polarized light. We show that the pure valley current can be detected by either photoluminescence measurements or the ultrafast pump-probe technique. Our method, together with the previously demonstrated generation of valley polarization, opens up the exciting possibility of ultrafast optical-only manipulation of the valley index. The tilted field effect on the valley current in experiment is also discussed.