cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Systematic handling of missing data in complex study designs – experiences from the Health 2000 and 2011 Surveys
Creators: name: Härkänen, Tommi
name: Karvanen, Juha
name: Tolonen, Hanna
name: Lehtonen, Risto
name: Djerf, Kari
name: Juntunen, Teppo
name: Koskinen, Seppo
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: We present a systematic approach to the practical and comprehensive handling of missing data motivated by our experiences of analyzing longitudinal survey data. We consider the Health 2000 and 2011 Surveys (BRIF8901) where increased non-response and non-participation from 2000 to 2011 was a major issue. The model assumptions involved in the complex sampling design, repeated measurements design, non-participation mechanisms and associations are presented graphically using methodology previously defined as a causal model with design, i.e. a functional causal model extended with the study design. This tool forces the statistician to make the study design and the missing-data mechanism explicit. Using the systematic approach, the sampling probabilities and the participation probabilities can be considered separately. This is beneficial when the performance of missing-data methods are to be compared. Using data from Health 2000 and 2011 Surveys and from national registries, it was found that multiple imputation removed almost all differences between full sample and estimated prevalences. The inverse probability weighting removed more than half and the doubly robust method 60% of the differences. These findings are encouraging since decreasing participation rates are a major problem in population surveys worldwide.
title: Lightweight hybrid CFRP design for machine tools with focus on simple manufacturing
Creators: name: Birk, Frederik
name: Ali, Fares
name: Weigold, Matthias
name: Abele, Eberhard
name: Schützer, Klaus
Publisher: name: Springer London
Year: 2024

description: There is a continuing demand in machine tools for an increase in productivity. This can be achieved by higher speeds and process parameters, which demand structures with a high stiffness to weight ratio including the use of materials with a high specific modulus. The lack of standardized interfaces and more complex design and manufacturing process prevent the broad use of these materials. This applies especially for CFRP (carbon fiber reinforced polymer) which has the highest specific modulus compared to conventional construction materials. Due to that and the higher material damping in comparison with steel, parts out of CFRP can improve the precision of machine tools. These advantages often remain unutilized because of the challenging integration of CFRP parts. Therefore, this paper presents an innovative approach to use CFRP in a hybrid design for machine tool structures focusing on improved dynamic behavior, increased specific stiffness, and ease of manufacture.
The Mount Pizzuto earth flow: deformational pattern and recent thrusting evolution
Creators: name: Guerriero, Luigi
name: Revellino, Paola
name: Luongo, Alessio
name: Focareta, Mariano
name: Grelle, Gerardo
name: Guadagno, Francesco M.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 20199 Astronomical and Space Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: The Mount Pizzuto earth flow has been periodically active in recent decades. Early in 2006, it surged and created a dam across the Ginestra torrent. Episodic floods induced by the earth-flow dam periodically damaged a section of a local road and power and telephone service lines. This paper presents a map showing deformational structures along the flow and a geometric reconstruction of thrust faults at the earth-flow toe from 2006 to 2014. The map, produced on the basis of ﬁeld observations, shows the spatial distribution of back-tilted surfaces, ﬂank ridges and normal, thrust, and strike-slip faults. Springs, creeks, and ponds are also shown on the map. The map indicates that the earth flow is composed of five kinematic zones. Cartographic data and the spatial–temporal reconstruction of the thrusting evolution offer the basis for interpreting the (mid-term) kinematics of the flow and its controlling factors, and for assessing the influence of earth-flow movement on torrent channel capacity.
Utopia a edukacja, T.6
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Instytut Pedagogiki Uniwersytetu Wrocławskiego
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: edukacja
subject: utopizm pedagogiczny
subject: utopia edukacyjna
subject: późna nowoczesność
subject: kryzys społeczny
subject: wyzwania edukacyjne
subject: education
subject: pedagogical utopianism
subject: educational utopia
subject: late modernity
subject: social crisis
subject: educational challenges
subject: edukacja
subject: utopizm pedagogiczny
subject: utopia edukacyjna
subject: późna nowoczesność
subject: kryzys społeczny
subject: wyzwania edukacyjne
subject: education
subject: pedagogical utopianism
subject: educational utopia
subject: late modernity
subject: social crisis
subject: educational challenges
subject: edukacja
subject: utopizm pedagogiczny
subject: utopia edukacyjna
subject: późna nowoczesność
subject: kryzys społeczny
subject: wyzwania edukacyjne
subject: education
subject: pedagogical utopianism
subject: educational utopia
subject: late modernity
subject: social crisis
subject: educational challenges
subject: edukacja
subject: utopizm pedagogiczny
subject: utopia edukacyjna
subject: późna nowoczesność
subject: kryzys społeczny
subject: wyzwania edukacyjne
subject: education
subject: pedagogical utopianism
subject: educational utopia
subject: late modernity
subject: social crisis
subject: educational challenges
subject: dystopia
subject: utopia

description: Szósty tom cyklu publikacji „Utopia a edukacja” powstawał w okolicznościach zdominowanych przez pandemię Covid-19. Być może przywołane okoliczności przyczyniły się do tego, że niniejszy tom w większym stopniu niż pozostałe charakteryzuje dystopijne zabarwienie. Nie sposób jednak pominąć całego szeregu kryzysów i wyzwań w skali planety czy tylko jej poszczególnych regionów, które raz po raz ujawniając się, w różnym stopniu i postaci docierają do świadomości części społeczeństwa i rzutują na pole jej wyobrażeń o (nie)możliwych scenariuszach biegu wypadków oraz przeciwdziałań. Tym razem w centrum naszych zainteresowań znalazły się zagadnienia związane z tworzeniem obrazów świata możliwego w dobie kulturowych, społecznych i politycznych kryzysów oraz edukacyjnych wyzwań późnej nowoczesności. Przy czym należy od razu zaznaczyć, że w naszej publikacji wychodzimy poza sposób rozumienia utopii, zgodnie z którym można, czy należy sprowadzać ją do fantazji, mrzonki, estetycznego projektu czy intelektualnej zabawy. Przeświadczenie, że myślenie utopijne to narzędzie demagogów i słabość nieuczonych nie oddaje złożoności i roli, jaką może i odgrywa w życiu społecznym, w tym edukacji. Utopizm odnosi się bowiem do trwałej, wyrażanej w dziejach na wiele sposobów ludzkiej potrzeby i dyspozycji do tworzenia wyobrażeń wystarczająco doskonałych światów możliwych, jak najpełniej wolnych od doświadczanych w danej zbiorowości najbardziej dojmujących trosk, będących przestrzenią realizacji optimum społecznego i jednostkowego spełnienia.
title: Whole-Body Protein Turnover and Energy Metabolism in Man
Creators: name: Clugston, GA
Publisher: name: London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine
Year: 1981

description: This thesis consists of 2 major parts - Part A on whole-body protein turnover in humans, and Part B on energy metabolism. The method primarily used for measurement of whole-body protein turnover in this thesis has been with the constant infusion of (1-14C) leucine, and this method is tested, analysed, and developed for extended 24 - 40 hour continuous protein turnover measurements. Using this method, it was found that protein intake has a dramatic and controlling influence on protein synthesis. This is initially established in Section 3. In Section 4, it is shown that protein synthesis, breakdown, and oxidation are acutely responsive to protein intake, with large diurnal fluctuations resulting from feeding/fasting patterns. Protein turnover is compared in obese and lean humans, amino acid pool changes and the question of circadian rhythms examined. Section 5 compares results from the (1-14C) leucine method with those of (15N)glycine, and long term changes in protein turnover are monitored. Section 6 shows how remarkable adaptive changes occur in protein synthesis and breakdown, resulting from a prolonged absence of protein intake. Thus the relationship between whole-body protein turnover and protein intake is examined and established. In Part B, techniques developed for the (1-14C) leucine method are exploited to measure by indirect calorimetry acute changes in the net synthesis and utilisation of glucose and fat. It is suggested that traditional methodology and restrictive current concepts concerning the use of indirect calorimetry have limited its development. Formulae are derived, which allow calculation of net fuel transfers under most conditions, and these formulae and (1-14C) leucine techniques are combined to measure the body's response to different levels of carbohydrate intake, in both obese and non-obese humans.
title: Methodological approach for the development of an operator assistance system for the press shop
Creators: name: Kott, Matthäus
name: Echler, Daniel
name: Groche, Peter
Publisher: name: Springer London
Year: 2024

description: The productivity of a deep drawing process strongly relies on its robustness as well as the experience of the machine operator. Steadily increasing requirements regarding weight, design and efficiency lead to a production operating increasingly closer to the process limits, making it more challenging to ensure a high robustness of the process. Minimal process fluctuations caused by disturbances such as varying material properties or changing tribological conditions may negatively affect the process due to deteriorated product properties as well as an increased risk of scrap. Thus, a target-oriented adjustment of available parameters by the machine operator becomes more difficult, and an increased knowledge about the causes of defects is more important. In the past, several approaches with different combinations of sensors and actuators have been investigated to enable a stable process window based on a control system. This paper presents a method to address the need for a more robust process by developing an operator assistance system that enables the identification of the component state and provides decision support to the machine operator. The methodological approach includes a thorough process analysis to evaluate the expediency of such a system and to make a reasonable preselection of sensors in order to avoid unnecessary costs.
Epigenome-wide profiling of DNA methylation in paired samples of adipose tissue and blood
Creators: name: Yen-Tsung Huang
name: Chu, Su
name: Loucks, Eric B.
name: Chien-Ling Lin
name: Eaton, Charles B.
name: Buka, Stephen L.
name: Kelsey, Karl T.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology

description: Many epigenetic association studies have attempted to identify DNA methylation markers in blood that are able to mirror those in target tissues. Although some have suggested potential utility of surrogate epigenetic markers in blood, few studies have collected data to directly compare DNA methylation across tissues from the same individuals. Here, epigenomic data were collected from adipose tissue and blood in 143 subjects using Illumina HumanMethylation450 BeadChip array. The top axis of epigenome-wide variation differentiates adipose tissue from blood, which is confirmed internally using cross-validation and externally with independent data from the two tissues. We identified 1,285 discordant genes and 1,961 concordant genes between blood and adipose tissue. RNA expression data of the two classes of genes show consistent patterns with those observed in DNA methylation. The discordant genes are enriched in biological functions related to immune response, leukocyte activation or differentiation, and blood coagulation. We distinguish the CpG-specific correlation from the within-subject correlation and emphasize that the magnitude of within-subject correlation does not guarantee the utility of surrogate epigenetic markers. The study reinforces the critical role of DNA methylation in regulating gene expression and cellular phenotypes across tissues, and highlights the caveats of using methylation markers in blood to mirror the corresponding profile in the target tissue.
Epigenetic silencing of AKAP12 in juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia
Creators: name: Wilhelm, Thomas
name: Lipka, Daniel B.
name: Witte, Tania
name: Wierzbinska, Justyna A.
name: Fluhr, Silvia
name: Helf, Monika
name: Mücke, Oliver
name: Claus, Rainer
name: Konermann, Carolin
name: Nöllke, Peter
name: Niemeyer, Charlotte M.
name: Flotho, Christian
name: Plass, Christoph
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: Computational Biology

description: A-kinase anchor protein 12 (AKAP12) is a regulator of protein kinase A and protein kinase C signaling, acting downstream of RAS. Epigenetic silencing of AKAP12 has been demonstrated in different cancer entities and this has been linked to the process of tumorigenesis. Here, we used quantitative high-resolution DNA methylation measurement by MassARRAY to investigate epigenetic regulation of all three AKAP12 promoters (i.e., α, β, and γ) within a large cohort of juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia (JMML) patient samples. The AKAP12α promoter shows DNA hypermethylation in JMML samples, which is associated with decreased AKAP12α expression. Promoter methylation of AKAP12α correlates with older age at diagnosis, elevated levels of fetal hemoglobin and poor prognosis. In silico screening for transcription factor binding motifs around the sites of most pronounced methylation changes in the AKAP12α promoter revealed highly significant scores for GATA-2/-1 sequence motifs. Both transcription factors are known to be involved in the haematopoietic differentiation process. Methylation of a reporter construct containing this region resulted in strong suppression of AKAP12 promoter activity, suggesting that DNA methylation might be involved in the aberrant silencing of the AKAP12 promoter in JMML. Exposure to DNMT- and HDAC-inhibitors reactivates AKAP12α expression in vitro, which could potentially be a mechanism underlying clinical treatment responses upon demethylating therapy. Together, these data provide evidence for epigenetic silencing of AKAP12α in JMML and further emphasize the importance of dysregulated RAS signaling in JMML pathogenesis.
title: Silently panicking
title: a thematic analysis of a UK-based online peer support forum for fathers of pre-school children
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Mackay, Sean
Publisher: name: Lancaster University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Father
Fatherhood
Masculinity
Peer support
Online support groups
Help seeking

description: In the United Kingdom, professional-led parenting support is largely aimed at mothers (Donetto et al., 2013). Gender expectations on men may result in barriers to fathers seeking advice or support about parenting. Increasingly, people are turning to the internet for advice and information, and also to share their experiences (Ziebland & Wyke, 2012). The purpose of this thesis was to investigate how fathers of pre-school children sought help by using a UK-based online discussion forum, and what the messages indicated about how they negotiated the competing demands and expectations on them. Taking a constructionist perspective, a thematic analysis of 835 posts explored themes of fatherhood, masculinity and online peer support. The findings demonstrated that fathers experienced challenges during the transition to fatherhood, and in the early years of parenting. Within the discussion boards, they sought and received information and social support, and both self-disclosure and self-help mechanisms were evident. The fatherhood roles that the men practiced were nuanced and fluid, and the fathers drew upon a range of strategies to mitigate their help seeking and thereby maintain their masculine status. The online nature of the communication also removed some of the constraints of expected masculine behaviour. However, as engagement with the discussion board developed, reciprocity and universality became stronger characteristics of the communication. The interplay between configurations of gendered practice was articulated. The thesis concluded that online peer support is an acceptable and appropriate form of support for fathers. Recommendations for health professionals were made, and a model of the fathers’ engagement with the discussion forum was developed.
CacheWarp: Software-based Fault Injection using Selective State Reset
Creators: name: Zhang, Ruiyi
name: Gerlach, Lukas
name: Weber, Daniel
name: Hetterich, Lorenz
name: Lü, Youheng
name: Kogler, Andreas
name: Schwarz, Michael
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2024

description: AMD SEV is a trusted-execution environment (TEE), providing confidentiality and integrity for virtual machines (VMs). With AMD SEV, it is possible to securely run VMs on an untrusted hypervisor. While previous attacks demonstrated architectural shortcomings of earlier SEV versions, AMD claims that SEV-SNP prevents all attacks on the integrity.

In this paper, we introduce CacheWarp, a new software-based fault attack on AMD SEV-ES and SEV-SNP, exploiting the possibility to architecturally revert modified cache lines of guest VMs to their previous (stale) state. Unlike previous attacks on the integrity, CacheWarp is not mitigated on the newest SEV-SNP implementation, and it does not rely on specifics of the guest VM. CacheWarp only has to interrupt the VM at an attacker-chosen point to invalidate modified cache lines without them being written back to memory. Consequently, the VM continues with architecturally stale data. In 3 case studies, we demonstrate an attack on RSA in the Intel IPP crypto library, recovering the entire private key, logging into an OpenSSH server without authentication, and escalating privileges to root via the sudo binary. While we implement a software-based mitigation proof-of-concept, we argue that mitigations are difficult, as the root cause is in the hardware.
Epigenetic silencing of AKAP12 in juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia
Creators: name: Wilhelm, Thomas
name: Lipka, Daniel B.
name: Witte, Tania
name: Wierzbinska, Justyna A.
name: Fluhr, Silvia
name: Helf, Monika
name: Mücke, Oliver
name: Claus, Rainer
name: Konermann, Carolin
name: Nöllke, Peter
name: Niemeyer, Charlotte M.
name: Flotho, Christian
name: Plass, Christoph
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: Computational Biology

description: A-kinase anchor protein 12 (AKAP12) is a regulator of protein kinase A and protein kinase C signaling, acting downstream of RAS. Epigenetic silencing of AKAP12 has been demonstrated in different cancer entities and this has been linked to the process of tumorigenesis. Here, we used quantitative high-resolution DNA methylation measurement by MassARRAY to investigate epigenetic regulation of all three AKAP12 promoters (i.e., α, β, and γ) within a large cohort of juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia (JMML) patient samples. The AKAP12α promoter shows DNA hypermethylation in JMML samples, which is associated with decreased AKAP12α expression. Promoter methylation of AKAP12α correlates with older age at diagnosis, elevated levels of fetal hemoglobin and poor prognosis. In silico screening for transcription factor binding motifs around the sites of most pronounced methylation changes in the AKAP12α promoter revealed highly significant scores for GATA-2/−1 sequence motifs. Both transcription factors are known to be involved in the hematopoietic differentiation process. Methylation of a reporter construct containing this region resulted in strong suppression of AKAP12 promoter activity, suggesting that DNA methylation might be involved in the aberrant silencing of the AKAP12 promoter in JMML. Exposure to DNMT- and HDAC-inhibitors reactivates AKAP12α expression in vitro, which could potentially be a mechanism underlying clinical treatment responses upon demethylating therapy. Together, these data provide evidence for epigenetic silencing of AKAP12α in JMML and further emphasize the importance of dysregulated RAS signaling in JMML pathogenesis.
Epigenome-wide Profiling of DNA Methylation in Paired Samples of Adipose Tissue and Blood
Creators: name: Yen-Tsung Huang
name: Chu, Su
name: Loucks, Eric B.
name: Chien-Ling Lin
name: Eaton, Charles B.
name: Buka, Stephen L.
name: Kelsey, Karl T.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology

description: Many epigenetic association studies have attempted to identify DNA methylation markers in blood that are able to mirror those in target tissues. Although some have suggested potential utility of surrogate epigenetic markers in blood, few studies have collected data to directly compare DNA methylation across tissues from the same individuals. Here, epigenomic data were collected from adipose tissue and blood in 143 subjects using Illumina HumanMethylation450 BeadChip array. The top axis of epigenome-wide variation differentiates adipose tissue from blood, which is confirmed internally using cross-validation and externally with independent data from the two tissues. We identified 1,285 discordant genes and 1,961 concordant genes between blood and adipose tissue. RNA expression data of the two classes of genes show consistent patterns with those observed in DNA methylation. The discordant genes are enriched in biological functions related to immune response, leukocyte activation or differentiation, and blood coagulation. We distinguish the CpG-specific correlation from the within-subject correlation and emphasize that the magnitude of within-subject correlation does not guarantee the utility of surrogate epigenetic markers. The study reinforces the critical role of DNA methylation in regulating gene expression and cellular phenotypes across tissues, and highlights the caveats of using methylation markers in blood to mirror the corresponding profile in the target tissue.
A Framework for Assessing Impacts of Road Salt on Groundwater Supplies in Massachusetts
Creators: name: Gigliotti, Nicholas
name: Pataky, Nicholas
name: Robbins, Zachary
name: Wile, Shawn
Publisher: name: QUBES Educational Resources
Year: 2025

description: Nearly 500,000 tons of road salt are used each year on Massachusetts roadways. Runoff from these roads deposits salt in public groundwater sources, which poses human, environmental, and structural health risks. The goal of this project was to establish a framework that prioritizes opportunities to address risk-causing factors of salt contamination in groundwater drinking sources. We observed statewide trends in salt contamination, determined factors that contribute to salt contamination of groundwater, created a risk-assessment tool for use by municipalities, and drafted an informative fact sheet for public release. We also proposed recommendations to the MA Department of Environmental Protection for future work to identify and protect groundwater sources at risk of salt contamination.
Efficient three-step synthesis of benzo[e]imidazo[1,2-c][1,2,3]triazines
Creators: name: Hedieh Pilali
name: Kamazani, Shirin Faraji
name: Moradi, Shahram
name: Moghimi, Setareh
name: Mahdavi, Mohammad
name: Loghman Firoozpour
name: Shafiee, Abbas
name: Alireza Foroumadi
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: A novel three-step sequence toward benzo[e]imidazo[1,2-c][1,2,3]triazine derivatives is investigated. This pathway started from commercially available starting materials afforded 5a–h in good to excellent yields. In this method, we took the advantage of diazonium chemistry, which was followed by intramolecular N-N bond formation in the construction of N-rich cycles.
Study of Structure of Industrial Acid Hydrolysis Lignin, Oxidized in the H2O2-H2SO4 System
Creators: name: Evstigneyev, Edward I.
name: Yuzikhin, Oleg S.
name: Gurinov, Andrey A.
name: Ivanov, Alexandr Yu.
name: Artamonova, Tatiana O.
name: Khodorkovskiy, Mikhail A.
name: Bessonova, Elena A.
name: Vasilyev, Aleksander V.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Products of oxidation of industrial acid hydrolysis lignin in the H2O2-H2SO4 system were studied using 13C NMR (in solution and solid state), MALDI-MS, and MS(ESI) techniques. Oxidation of hydrolysis lignin leads to the opening of aromatic rings of lignin, yielding carboxylic groups. Alkyl aryl ether linkages (β-O-4-bonds) between lignin phenyl propane units are not significantly affected by the oxidation. The structure of oxidized hydrolysis lignin is proposed. The basic structural unit of oxidized hydrolysis lignin is a muconic acid derivative.
Sustainable Diels–Alder syntheses in imidazolium ionic liquids
Creators: name: Ganesan Vinoth Kumar
name: Annamalai Rajendran
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: An effective and simple protocol for the Diels–Alder reactions catalyzed and mediated by ionic liquid in conjunction with Lewis acid was studied. Diels–Alder adduct of the reaction of 1,4-benzoquinone with isoprene and 2,3-dimethyl-1,3-butadiene was obtained in good to excellent yields within the time span of 5.00–4.00 min under microwave irradiation. Due to the excellent activity of 2,3-dimethyl-1,3-butadiene as a diene, its efficiency was further analyzed by performing against four different dienophiles under various reaction conditions. The ionic liquid, 3-methyl-1-octyl-imidazolium tetrachloroaluminate mixed with Lewis acids, could be recycled and reused for consecutive cycles. The recovered ionic liquid in conjunction with Lewis acid displayed almost similar activity without any significant loss. This system is an essential upgrade and related to the reactions consuming common organic solvents at high temperatures and longer duration. Diels–Alder reactions under solventless conditions have also been investigated for the aforesaid reactions.
title: Laboratory Investigations on the effect of Insecticides and Host Immunisation for Control of Tick Infestation
Creators: name: Heller, A
Publisher: name: London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine
Year: 1980

description: The thesis is in two parts. In the first, three species of economically important African ixodid ticks, Rhiplcephalus appendiculatus, Amblyomma hebraeum and Amblyomma variegatum were investigated for the first time for their susceptibility to three newly developed photostable synthetic pyrethroids with long residual activity, permethrin, cypermethrin and decamethrin. Results of tests on unfed larvae, unfed nymphs and unfed adult ticks using different methods of testing such as the immersion technique, dipping, impregnated packet technique, "tea bag ” technique and topical application are presented, and the relative susceptibility of the different species and of different developmental stages to the three pyrethroids is compared. A limited number of experiments were also done on the effect of the compounds on engorged nymphal ticks. The potential of the synthetic pyrethroids in the control of multi-host tick ecto­parasites of animals in Africa is discussed. The second part of the thesis is concerned with investigations on acquired immunity or resistance in host animals to tick infestation and its role in tick infestation of animals. This was investigated by using small animal models, rabbits and guinea pigs, and four speciesof ixodid ticks, R. appendiculatus, A. hebraeum and A. variegatum and an European species, Dermacentor marginatus. The development of immunity in the animals following a primary infestation with one species of tick, to a second infestation with the same species, and of cross-immunity to a second species, were investigated. Sera from immune animals were tested by serological methods for antibodies to tick salivary gland antigens. In a limited series of experiments, infection of animals with blood pathogens and the injection of tick cell extracts and larval tick homogenates into animals were investigated for their effect on development of immunity to tick infestation. The role of chemical acaricides and of acquired host immunity as an alternative or additional method to chemical control in the overall strategy of tick management on animals is discussed in the light of results obtained from the investigations.
IFAD RESEARCH SERIES 59 The rural youth situation in Latin America and the Caribbean
Creators: name: Guiskin, Maia
name: Yanes, Pablo
name: Del Castillo Negrete, Miguel
name: Guiskin, Maia
name: Yanes, Pablo
name: Del Castillo Negrete, Miguel
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Rural Youth
subject: Latin America
subject: Caribbean
subject: Gender
subject: Education
subject: Poverty

description: This study offers a general picture of the situation of rural youth in Latin America and the Caribbean. The population is described through its demographic dynamics, its socio-economic characteristics, the situation of priority groups, such as women and indigenous people. The available data regarding these dimensions are presented noting the existing gaps both about urban youth and about adults and contrasting the data with the available literature on youth in the region. There are still gaps between rural and urban youth in the areas of poverty, education and workforce integration in every country, although with important differences between them. Thus, rural youth appear to be an especially vulnerable group, a situation that is aggravated in women, indigenous people and Afro-descendants.
An Efficient Three-Step Synthesis of Benzo[e]Imidazo[1,2-c][1,2,3]Triazines
Creators: name: Hedieh Pilali
name: Kamazani, Shirin Faraji
name: Moradi, Shahram
name: Moghimi, Setareh
name: Mahdavi, Mohammad
name: Loghman Firoozpour
name: Shafiee, Abbas
name: Alireza Foroumadi
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: A novel three step sequence towards benzo[e]imidazo[1,2-c][1,2,3]triazine derivatives is investigated. This pathway started from commercially available starting materials afforded 5a-h in good to excellent yields. In this method, we took the advantage of diazonium chemistry which was followed by intramolecular N-N bond formation in the construction of N-rich cycles.
Sustainable Diels-Alder Syntheses in Imidazolium Ionic Liquids
Creators: name: Annamalai Rajendran
name: Ganesan Vinoth Kumar
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: An effective and simple protocol for the Diels-Alder reactions catalysed and mediated by ionic liquid in conjunction with Lewis acid was studied. Diels-Alder adduct of the reaction of 1,4-benzoquinone with isoprene and 2,3-dimethyl -1,3-butadiene were obtained as good to excellent yields within the time span of 5.00 - 4.00 min under microwave irradiation. Due to the excellent activity of 2,3-dimethyl-1,3-butadiene as a diene, its efficiency was further analysed by performing against four different dienophiles under various reaction conditions. The ionic liquid, 3-methyl-1-octyl-imidazolium tetrachloroaluminate mixed with Lewis acids could be recycled and reused for consecutive cycles. The recovered ionic liquid in conjunction with Lewis acid displayed almost similar activity without any significant loss. This system is an essential upgrading, while related to the reactions consuming common organic solvents at high temperatures and longer duration. Diels-Alder reactions under solventless conditions have also been investigated for the aforesaid reactions.
Synthesis of novel tetrahydroindeno[1,2-b]pyrrolidines via Ugi multicomponent and palladium-catalyzed aerobic oxidative cyclization
Creators: name: Tannya R. Ibarra-Rivera
name: Rentería-Gómez, Manuel Alejandro
name: Nieto-Sepúlveda, Eduardo
name: Gámez-Montaño, Rocío
name: Galindo, Verónica M. Rivas
name: Hernandez-Fernandez, Eugenio
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Marine Biology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Novel tetrahydroindeno[1,2-b]pyrrolidines were conveniently prepared in moderate to good yields via a sequential Ugi multicomponent reaction or Staudinger/aza-Wittig/Ugi combination, followed by the palladium-catalyzed aerobic oxidative cyclization of the resulting Ugi adducts.
Echtzeitsteuerung komplexer Systeme - Eine Simulationsstudie
Creators: name: Konrad, Julius
name: Weyer, Johannes
name: Cepera, Kay
name: Adelt, Fabian
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Verkehrssteuerung
subject: Echtzeit
subject: Simulation
subject: Governance
subject: Techniksoziologie
subject: 300
subject: 330

description: Für diese Studie wurde eine Verkehrssimulation, basierend auf dem Simulator SimCo, entwickelt. In dieser Simulation wurden verschiedene Szenarien getestet, um die Effekte von Echtzeitsteuerung im Verkehrsnetz zu untersuchen. Die Szenarien basieren auf Experteninterviews mit Vertretern eines Navigationsdienstleisters, der Bundesanstalt für Straßenwesen (BASt) und Betreibern des öffentlichen Verkehrs. Alle Beteiligten befürworteten eine koordinierte Form der Steuerung des Straßenverkehrs. Diesen koordinierten Modus haben wir in der Simulation implementiert. Zunächst bekamen die Agenten Echtzeitinformationen über die Verkehrssituation und später auch Emissionsinformationen. Wir konnten zeigen, dass Echtzeitinformationen zu einer deutlichen Senkung von Staus, also einer höheren Netzeffizienz, führten. Damit einher ging allerdings eine leichte Steigerung der Emissionen. Entgegen den Erwartungen konnte der koordinierte Modus keine deutlichen Emissionssenkungen hervorrufen. Eine Senkung von Emissionsspitzen konnte jedoch erreicht werden.
description: For this study we developed a traffic simulation based on the simulator SimCo and ran different governance scenarios regarding the effects of the distribution of real-time traffic data among drivers. The scenarios were based on interviews with experts from different fields, including a navigation service provider, the German federal highway research institute, and public transport providers. We found that a coordi-nated form of governance between private firms and local authorities is in their mu-tual interest. To analyse the impact of such a coordinated mode of governance, two scenarios were implemented. At first drivers would get real-time traffic information and secondly, they would also get emission information and change their route ac-cordingly. We found that the use of real-time data does decrease traffic jams, and thus increases network efficiency, but also slightly increases emissions. Against the expectations of the interviewees, a coordinated form of governance could not reduce emissions, but helped distribute them more evenly.
description: Soziologische Arbeitspapiere;57
Diversity of religions in the eyes of Ayatollah ʿAbdullah Javadi and Professor Mahmud Mustafa Ayoub
Creators: name: Eghbal Sobhani, Saeid
Publisher: name: The University of Edinburgh
Year: 2020
Subjects: truth
salvation
validity
ʿAbdullah Javadi
Mustafa Ayoub
al-Tusi
Sadr al-Din Shirazi
al-Ansari
revealed religion
fitrah
Shi 'ah theology

description: Abstract: The question of religions diversity and the related issues of validity, truth and salvation can have a great practical impact on our life in the modern closely-knit global society and can help improve or ruin the relationships between faith communities. These important issues have led to the emergence of three types of theology of religion in Christianity: exclusivism, inclusivism and pluralism. This thesis aims to analyse the views on the diversity of religions of two contemporary Shi 'ah thinkers, Ayatollah ʿAbdullah Javadi and Professor Mahmud Mustafa Ayoub, who come from two distinctly different milieus. It demonstrates that although the scholars of a single denomination may refer to the same sources and believe in the same theological concepts, their understandings of a single text may differ due to their social and educational backgrounds. In order to further elaborate on the positions of these two scholars, this thesis also looks at the views of three earlier influential scholars, namely, al-Tusi, Sadr al-Din Shirazi and al-Ansari, who attempt to cast light upon religions diversity from theological, exegetical and jurisprudential perspectives. The thesis finds that both Javadi and Ayoub are in unison over the invalidity of non-revealed religions, but they attempt to address it from two different angles. They, nevertheless, differ in the question of the validity of revealed religions. These thinkers believe that all revealed religions are similar in terms of their fundamental beliefs because they are based on the immutable fitrah of mankind, while this thesis argues that the similarity originates in their rational provability. As for the diversity of religious practices, whereas Ayoub maintains it has been caused by the variety of races, languages and cultures of mankind, Javadi believes that the religious practices are varied because they were established based on the capacity of mankind for knowledge and practice, which has improved and has led to new laws and regulations. The thesis also comprehensively assesses the views of the two thinkers on the interpretation of the most cited Qur‘anic verse (2:62) regarding religious pluralism and compares them with the views of Ayatollah Ja 'far Sobhani as one of the most influential contemporary Shi 'ah theologians. This inquiry also highlights the views of Ayoub and Javadi on the question of dialogue, its common ground, goals and presuppositions.
Der geneigte Wurf in einem gasförmigen Medium bei größeren Distanzen
Creators: name: Schröer, Harald
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: inclined throw, air, medium, greater distance, great velocity, Wurf, Luft,Geschwindigkeit

description: Der geneigte Wurf bei größeren Distanzen in Luft wird berechnet. Dabei wird ein Modell verwendet, das es erlaubt auf numerische Berechnungen größeren Ausmaßes zu verzichten. Inbesondere wird auf die Geschwindigkeit, Wurfzeit und Wurfweite eingegangen.
description: in German , in deutscher Sprache
Pd(0)-catalyzed intramolecular Heck reaction: A general route for fused oxepine derivatives
Creators: name: Adak, Arup Kumar
name: Mandal, Arabinda
name: Susanta Kumar Manna
name: Mondal, Suresh Kumar
name: Jana, Akash
name: Dipesh Ghosh
name: Kundu, Debasish
name: Shubhankar Samanta
name: Jayanta K. Ray
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: A simple and facile approach for the synthesis of various structurally different tricyclic bent oxepine frameworks from a readily accessible precursor has been introduced. The synthesis of substituted oxepine derivative involved Pd(0)-catalyzed Heck reaction. This methodology enriches the literature for the large ring formation.
Breaking Free from "Crime-Free": State-Level Responses to Harmful Housing Ordinances
Creators: name: Prochaska, Jenna
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 48
subject: Law and legal studies

description: Municipalities throughout the country enforce broad and harmful crime-free housing and nuisance property ordinances (CFNOs)—local laws that encourage landlords to evict or exclude tenants from housing opportunities based on their contact with the criminal legal system or calls for police help. There is little evidence that CFNOs are effective at achieving their stated goal of increasing community safety, and there is significant evidence that they harm Black and Latinx communities, survivors of domestic violence, individuals with disabilities, and low-income tenants and communities more broadly. Despite more than a decade of legal advocacy successfully challenging CFNOs using a range of legal theories under state and federal civil rights laws, these ordinances continue to proliferate.

This Article explores the potential for state-level legislative and executive action to combat the civil rights threat posed by CFNOs. It discusses the broad authority states retain to enact preemption laws targeting CFNOs and summarizes the range of existing state preemption legislation on this issue. Informed by interviews with a network of advocates, it discusses the benefits and challenges of advancing state-level legislation targeting CFNOs. Finally, this Article explores the expansive regulatory and enforcement powers that state governments can deploy to combat or curtail the harmful effects of CFNOs, including through state attorneys general, specialized state agencies, and fair housing planning processes.

As CFNOs continue to harm tenants and communities, this Article argues states should use all available legislative, regulatory, and enforcement tools to respond.
Quantalic spectra of semirings
Creators: name: Manuell, Graham Richard
Publisher: name: The University of Edinburgh
Year: 2020
Subjects: semiring
topological space
Spectrum constructions
Zariski spectrum
Gelfand spectrum
Hofmann–Lawson spectrum
Stone spectrum
commutative ring theory

description: Spectrum constructions appear throughout mathematics as a way of constructing topological spaces from algebraic data. Given a localic semiring R (the pointfree analogue of a topological semiring), we define a spectrum of R which generalises the Stone spectrum of a distributive lattice, the Zariski spectrum of a commutative ring, the Gelfand spectrum of a commutative unital C*-algebra and the Hofmann–Lawson spectrum of a continuous frame. We then provide an explicit construction of this spectrum under conditions on R which are satisfied by our main examples. Our results are constructively valid and hence admit interpretation in any elementary topos with natural number object. For this reason the spectrum we construct should actually be a locale instead of a topological space. A simple modification to our construction gives rise to a quantic spectrum in the form of a commutative quantale. Such a quantale contains 'differential' information in addition to the purely topological information of the localic spectrum. In the case of a discrete ring, our construction produces the quantale of ideals. This prompts us to study the quantale of ideals in more detail. We discuss some results from abstract ideal theory in the setting of quantales and provide a tentative definition for what it might mean for a quantale to be nonsingular by analogy to commutative ring theory.