cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Spinning Gluons from the QCD Light-Ray OPE
Creators: name: Chen, Hao
name: Moult, Ian
name: Zhu, Hua Xing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the transverse spin structure of the squeezed limit of the three-point energy correlator, $\langle \mathcal{E}(\vec n_1) \mathcal{E}(\vec n_2) \mathcal{E}(\vec n_3) \rangle$. To describe its all orders perturbative behavior, we develop the light-ray operator product expansion (OPE) in QCD. At leading twist the iterated OPE of $\mathcal{E}(\vec n_i)$ operators closes onto light-ray operators $\mathbb{O}^{[J]}(\vec n)$ with spin $J$, and transverse spin $j=0,2$. We compute the $\mathcal{E}(\vec n_1) \mathcal{E}(\vec n_2)$, $\mathcal{E}(\vec n_1) \mathbb{O}^{[J]}(\vec n_2) $ and $\mathbb{O}^{[J_1]}(\vec n_1) \mathbb{O}^{[J_2]}(\vec n_2) $ OPEs as analytic functions of $J$, which allows for the description of arbitrary squeezed limits of $N$-point correlators in QCD. We use these results with $J=3$ to reproduce the perturbative expansion in the squeezed limit of the three-point correlator, as well as to resum the leading twist singular structure for both quark and gluon jets, including transverse spin contributions, as required for phenomenological applications. Finally, we briefly comment on the transverse spin structure at higher twists, and show that to all orders in the twist expansion the highest transverse spin contributions are universal between quark and gluon jets, and are descendants of the leading twist transverse spin-2 operator, allowing their resummation into a simple two-dimensional Euclidean conformal block. Due to the general applicability of our results to arbitrary correlation functions of energy flow operators, we anticipate that they can be widely applied to improving our understanding of jet substructure at the LHC.
description: 38 pages, 6 figures
Generation of anomalously energetic suprathermal electrons by an electron beam interacting with a nonuniform plasma
Creators: name: Sydorenko, D.
name: Kaganovich, I. D.
name: Chen, L.
name: Ventzek, P. L. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Generation of anomalously energetic suprathermal electrons was observed in simulation of a high- voltage dc discharge with electron emission from the cathode. An electron beam produced by the emission interacts with the nonuniform plasma in the discharge via a two-stream instability. Efficient energy transfer from the beam to the plasma electrons is ensured by the plasma nonuniformity. The electron beam excites plasma waves whose wavelength and phase speed gradually decrease towards anode. The short waves near the anode accelerate plasma bulk electrons to suprathermal energies. The sheath near the anode reflects some of the accelerated electrons back into the plasma. These electrons travel through the plasma, reflect near the cathode, and enter the accelerating area again but with a higher energy than before. Such particles are accelerated to energies much higher than after the first acceleration. This mechanism plays a role in explaining earlier experimental observations of energetic suprathermal electrons in similar discharges.
description: 5 pages
Mediators in Determining what Processing BERT Performs First
Creators: name: Slobodkin, Aviv
name: Choshen, Leshem
name: Abend, Omri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Probing neural models for the ability to perform downstream tasks using their activation patterns is often used to localize what parts of the network specialize in performing what tasks. However, little work addressed potential mediating factors in such comparisons. As a test-case mediating factor, we consider the prediction's context length, namely the length of the span whose processing is minimally required to perform the prediction. We show that not controlling for context length may lead to contradictory conclusions as to the localization patterns of the network, depending on the distribution of the probing dataset. Indeed, when probing BERT with seven tasks, we find that it is possible to get 196 different rankings between them when manipulating the distribution of context lengths in the probing dataset. We conclude by presenting best practices for conducting such comparisons in the future.
description: Accepted to NAACL 2021
Uncertainty Relations for Angular Momentum
Creators: name: Dammeier, Lars
name: Schwonnek, René
name: Werner, Reinhard F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we study various notions of uncertainty for angular momentum in the spin-s representation of SU(2). We characterize the "uncertainty regions'' given by all vectors, whose components are specified by the variances of the three angular momentum components. A basic feature of this set is a lower bound for the sum of the three variances. We give a method for obtaining optimal lower bounds for uncertainty regions for general operator triples, and evaluate these for small s. Further lower bounds are derived by generalizing the technique by which Robertson obtained his state-dependent lower bound. These are optimal for large s, since they are saturated by states taken from the Holstein-Primakoff approximation. We show that, for all s, all variances are consistent with the so-called vector model, i.e., they can also be realized by a classical probability measure on a sphere of radius sqrt(s(s+1)). Entropic uncertainty relations can be discussed similarly, but are minimized by different states than those minimizing the variances for small s. For large s the Maassen-Uffink bound becomes sharp and we explicitly describe the extremalizing states. Measurement uncertainty, as recently discussed by Busch, Lahti and Werner for position and momentum, is introduced and a generalized observable (POVM) which minimizes the worst case measurement uncertainty of all angular momentum components is explicitly determined, along with the minimal uncertainty. The output vectors for the optimal measurement all have the same length r(s), where r(s)/s goes to 1 as s tends to infinity.
description: 30 pages, 22 figures, 1 cut-out paper model, video abstract available on https://youtu.be/h01pHekcwFA
(1132) Caroline Newsam Kemplay
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Chiral Spin Liquids in Arrays of Spin Chains
Creators: name: Gorohovsky, Gregory
name: Pereira, Rodrigo G.
name: Sela, Eran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe a coupled-chain construction for chiral spin liquids in two-dimensional spin systems. Starting from a one-dimensional zigzag spin chain and imposing SU(2) symmetry in the framework of non-Abelian bosonization, we first show that our approach faithfully describes the low-energy physics of an exactly solvable model with a three-spin interaction. Generalizing the construction to the two-dimensional case, we obtain a theory that incorporates the universal properties of the chiral spin liquid predicted by Kalmeyer and Laughlin: charge-neutral edge states, gapped spin-1/2 bulk excitations, and ground state degeneracy on the torus signalling the topological order of this quantum state. In addition, we show that the chiral spin liquid phase is more easily stabilized in frustrated lattices containing corner-sharing triangles, such as the extended kagome lattice, than in the triangular lattice. Our field theoretical approach invites generalizations to more exotic chiral spin liquids and may be used to assess the existence of the chiral spin liquid as the ground state of specific lattice systems.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures
Compact dust concentration in the MWC 758 protoplanetary disk
Creators: name: Marino, S.
name: Casassus, S.
name: Perez, S.
name: Lyra, W.
name: Roman, P. E.
name: Avenhaus, H.
name: Wright, C. M.
name: Maddison, S. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The formation of planetesimals requires that primordial dust grains grow from micron- to km-sized bodies. Dust traps caused by gas pressure maxima have been proposed as regions where grains can concentrate and grow fast enough to form planetesimals, before radially migrating onto the star. We report new VLA Ka & Ku observations of the protoplanetary disk around the Herbig Ae/Be star MWC 758. The Ka image shows a compact emission region in the outer disk indicating a strong concentration of big dust grains. Tracing smaller grains, archival ALMA data in band 7 continuum shows extended disk emission with an intensity maximum to the north-west of the central star, which matches the VLA clump position. The compactness of the Ka emission is expected in the context of dust trapping, as big grains are trapped more easily than smaller grains in gas pressure maxima. We develop a non-axisymmetric parametric model inspired by a steady state vortex solution with parameters adequately selected to reproduce the observations, including the spectral energy distribution. Finally, we compare the radio continuum with SPHERE scattered light data. The ALMA continuum spatially coincides with a spiral-like feature seen in scattered light, while the VLA clump is offset from the scattered light maximum. Moreover, the ALMA map shows a decrement that matches a region devoid of scattered polarised emission. Continuum observations at a different wavelength are necessary to conclude if the VLA-ALMA difference is an opacity or a real dust segregation.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ
Biomaterial design inspired by membraneless organelles
Creators: name: Liu, Jianhui
name: Zhorabek, Fariza
name: Chau, Ying
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Compartmentalization is ubiquitous in the broad cellular context, especially in the formation of membraneless organelles (MOs). Membraneless organelles (MOs) are phase-separated liquid compartments that provide spatiotemporal control of biomolecules and metabolic activities inside a cell. While MOs exhibit intriguing properties such as efficient compositional regulation, thermodynamic metastability, environmental sensitivity and reversibility, their formation is driven by weak non-covalent interactions derived from simple motifs of intrinsic disordered proteins (IDPs). Understanding the natural design of IDPs and the liquid-liquid phase separation behavior will not only reveal insights about the contributions of MOs to cellular physiology and disease pathology, but also provides inspirations for the de novo design of dynamic biomolecules depots, self-regulated biochemical reactors, and stimuli-responsive systems. In this article, the sequence and structural features of IDPS that contribute to the organization of MOs are reviewed. Artificial MOs formed following these principles, including self-assembling peptides, synthetic IDPs, polyelectrolytes and peptide-polymer hybrids are described. Finally, we illustrate the applications and discuss the potential of the MO-inspired biomaterials, with examples spanning biochemical reactors, synthetic biology, drug discovery and drug delivery.
Thoracic Enhanced Recovery After Surgery: Single Academic Center Observations After Implementation
Creators: name: Feltner, C.
name: Strassle, P.D.
name: Kolarczyk, L.M.
name: Khoury, A.L.
name: Hance, L.M.
name: Teeter, E.G.
name: Long, J.M.
name: Haithcock, B.E.
Publisher: name: Elsevier Inc.
Year: 2021

description: Background: Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) is an evidence-based, multidisciplinary perioperative care model shown to reduce complications and hospital length of stay (LOS). While some thoracic ERAS studies were inconclusive, others demonstrated that ERAS improves patient outcomes after lung resections and provides more cost-effective care. We aimed to investigate the effects of preliminary implementation of an ERAS protocol, in comparison with conventional care, on lung resection outcomes at a single academic institution. Methods: In this observational study, adult patients undergoing lung resections during the pre-ERAS (April 2014 to September 2015) and post-ERAS (January 2016 to May 2017) periods were identified. Relevant demographic, preoperative, anesthesia, and surgical variables were collected. Pre-ERAS and post-ERAS cohorts were compared in terms of hospital LOS, postoperative complications, and 30-day outcomes. Results: We identified 264 patients, half in each cohort. Pre-ERAS and post-ERAS groups were similar with respect to age, race, and comorbidities. There were no significant differences in LOS, complications, 30-day readmission and mortality rates, or patient-reported outcomes. Of the patients with prolonged LOS, 31% had pulmonary complications, almost half of which were prolonged air leaks. ERAS adherence rate was approximately 60%. Conclusions: In the first year of implementation, median LOS, complications, and 30-day outcomes did not differ significantly between the pre-ERAS and post-ERAS groups. Prolonged air leaks commonly led to prolonged LOS; therefore, thoracic ERAS protocols could include interventions to reduce air leak and consideration for discharging patients with chest tubes placed to Heimlich valves. Buy-in and adherence to a new protocol are necessary for implementation to be effective.
Supplementary Tables from Ancient DNA of narrow-headed vole reveal common features of the Late Pleistocene population dynamics in cold-adapted small mammals
Creators: name: Baca, Mateusz
name: Popović, Danijela
name: Agadzhanyan, Alexander K.
name: Baca, Katarzyna
name: Conard, Nicholas J.
name: Fewlass, Helen
name: Filek, Thomas
name: Golubiński, Michał
name: Horáček, Ivan
name: Knul, Monika V.
name: Krajcarz, Magdalena
name: Krokhaleva, Maria
name: Lebreton, Loïc
name: Lemanik, Anna
name: Maul, Lutz C.
name: Nagel, Doris
name: Noiret, Pierre
name: Primault, Jérome
name: Rekovets, Leonid
name: Rhodes, Sara E.
name: Royer, Aurélien
name: Serdyuk, Natalia V.
name: Soressi, Marie
name: Stewart, John R.
name: Strukova, Tatiana
name: Talamo, Sahra
name: Wilczyński, Jarosław
name: Nadachowski, Adam
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology

description: The narrow-headed vole, collared lemming and common vole were the most abundant small mammal species across the Eurasian Late Pleistocene steppe-tundra environment. Previous ancient DNA studies of the collared lemming and common vole have revealed dynamic population histories shaped by climatic fluctuations. To investigate the extent to which species with similar adaptations share common evolutionary histories, we generated a dataset comprised the mitochondrial genomes of 139 ancient and 6 modern narrow-headed voles from several sites across Europe and northwestern Asia covering approximately the last 100 thousand years (kyr). We inferred Bayesian time-aware phylogenies using 11 radiocarbon-dated samples to calibrate the molecular clock. Divergence of the main mtDNA lineages across the three species occurred during marine isotope stages (MIS) 7 and MIS 5, suggesting a common response of species adapted to open habitat during interglacials. We identified several time-structured mtDNA lineages in European narrow-headed vole, suggesting lineage turnover. The timing of some of these turnovers was synchronous across the three species, allowing us to identify the main drivers of the Late Pleistocene dynamics of steppe- and cold-adapted species.
Systematic and phylogenetic Methods and Tables S1-S5 from Congruence, fossils and the evolutionary tree of rodents and lagomorphs
Creators: name: Asher, Robert J.
name: Smith, Martin R.
name: Rankin, Aime
name: Emry, Robert J.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 40308 Palaeontology (incl. Palynology)
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 60301 Animal Systematics and Taxonomy
subject: 60310 Plant Systematics and Taxonomy

description: Details on systematic and phylogenetic methods and Table S1 (optimal Bayesian partition scheme), Table S2 (proportion shared quartets for subsampled DNA+indel+morphology datasets), Table S3 (summary of optimal MP topologies), Table S4 (summary of burnin values and indices of convergence for our Bayesian analyses), and Table S5 (R script to calculate tree similarity using Quartet package).
Figures S1-S7 from Congruence, fossils and the evolutionary tree of rodents and lagomorphs
Creators: name: Asher, Robert J.
name: Smith, Martin R.
name: Rankin, Aime
name: Emry, Robert J.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 40308 Palaeontology (incl. Palynology)
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 60301 Animal Systematics and Taxonomy
subject: 60310 Plant Systematics and Taxonomy

description: Fig. S1 (acctran & deltran shared partitions), Fig. S2 (combined data strict consensus MPT), Fig. S3 (optimal Bayesian & MP topologies for extant taxa), Fig. S4 (shared partitions with well-corroborated tree resulting from one to 18 added hypothetical ancestors, extant, and fossil taxa), Fig. S5 (optimal MP topologies from morphology), Fig. S6 (shared partitions with well-corroborated tree resulting from MP implied weights), and Fig. S7 (shared partitions with well-corroborated tree across datasets and analysis parameters).
Twin Higgs WIMP Dark Matter
Creators: name: García, Isabel García
name: Lasenby, Robert
name: March-Russell, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dark matter (DM) without a matter asymmetry is studied in the context of Twin Higgs (TH) theories in which the LHC naturalness problem is addressed. These possess a twin sector related to the Standard Model (SM) by a (broken) $\mathbb{Z}_2$ symmetry, and interacting with the SM via a specific Higgs portal. We focus on the minimal realisation of the TH mechanism, the Fraternal Twin Higgs, with only a single generation of twin quarks and leptons, and $SU(3)'\times SU(2)'$ gauge group. We show that a variety of natural twin-WIMP DM candidates are present (directly linked to the weak scale by naturalness), the simplest and most attractive being the $τ^\prime$ lepton with a mass $m_{τ^\prime} > m_{\rm Higgs}/2$, although spin-1 $W^{\prime\pm}$ DM and multicomponent DM are also possible (twin baryons are strongly disfavoured by tuning). We consider in detail the dynamics of the possibly (meta)stable glueballs in the twin sector, the nature of the twin QCD phase transition, and possible new contributions to the number of relativistic degrees of freedom $ΔN_{\rm eff}$. Direct detection signals are below current bounds but accessible in near future experiments. Indirect detection phenomenology is rich and requires detailed studies of twin hadronization and fragmentation to twin glueballs and quarkonia and their subsequent decay to SM, and possible light twin sector states.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures, v2; matches version published in PRD
Cycle type of random permutations: A toolkit
Creators: name: Ford, Kevin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove a number of results, new and old, about the cycle type of a random permutation on S_n. Underlying our analysis is the idea that the number of cycles of size k is roughly Poisson distributed with parameter 1/k. In particular, we establish strong results about the distribution of the number of cycles whose lengths lie in a fixed but arbitrary set I. Our techniques are motivated by the theory of sieves in number theory.
description: Final published version for in Discrete Analysis
Combining partially independent belief functions
Creators: name: Chebbah, Mouna
name: Martin, Arnaud
name: Yaghlane, Boutheina Ben
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The theory of belief functions manages uncertainty and also proposes a set of combination rules to aggregate opinions of several sources. Some combination rules mix evidential information where sources are independent; other rules are suited to combine evidential information held by dependent sources. In this paper we have two main contributions: First we suggest a method to quantify sources' degree of independence that may guide the choice of the more appropriate set of combination rules. Second, we propose a new combination rule that takes consideration of sources' degree of independence. The proposed method is illustrated on generated mass functions.
description: Decision Support Systems, Elsevier, 2015
Speculation about the black hole final state: resolving singularity by quantum gravity
Creators: name: Yeom, Dong-han
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The interior of the black hole can be described by anisotropic cosmology. By quantizing the metric function, we can obtain the Wheeler-DeWitt equation for inside the horizon. In order to interpret the wave function consistently, one needs to impose a boundary condition. In this paper, we introduce a prescription for the Euclidean analytic continuation inside the horizon and the corresponding wave function solution.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure; Proceedings of Beyond Standard Model: From Theory to Experiment. Talk on March 29, 2021, Giza, Egypt
„Biografie – Lebenslauf – Generation“ Jahrestagung der Sektion Erwachsenenbildung der DGfE. 28. bis 30. September 2016 in Tübingen
Creators: name: Kondratjuk, Maria
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift Hochschule und Weiterbildung (ZHWB)
Year: 2017

description: Zeitschrift Hochschule und Weiterbildung (ZHWB), 2017/1: Zielgruppen wissenschaftlicher Weiterbildung
Irreducibly $SU(2)$-covariant quantum channels of low rank
Creators: name: Chang, Euijung
name: Kim, Jaeyoung
name: Kwak, Hyesun
name: Lee, Hun Hee
name: Youn, Sang-Gyun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81P45, 20C35, 46N50

description: We investigate information theoretic properties of low rank (less than or equal to 3) quantum channels with $SU(2)$-symmetry, where we have a complete description. We prove that PPT property coincides with entanglement-breaking property and that degradability seldomly holds in this class. In connection with these results we will demonstrate how we can compute Holevo and coherent information of those channels. In particular, we exhibit a strong form of additivity violation of coherent information, which resembles the superactivation of coherent information of depolarizing channels.
description: 24 pages
(1129) Cicely Newsam Bulmer
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Network models for nonlocal traffic flow
Creators: name: Friedrich, Jan
name: Göttlich, Simone
name: Osztfalk, Maximilian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35L65, 65M12, 90B20

description: We present a network formulation for a traffic flow model with nonlocal velocity in the flux function. The modeling framework includes suitable coupling conditions at intersections to either ensure maximum flux or distribution parameters. Based on an upwind type numerical scheme, we prove the maximum principle and the existence of weak solutions on networks. We also investigate the limiting behavior of the proposed models when the nonlocal influence tends to infinity. Numerical examples show the difference between the proposed coupling conditions and a comparison to the Lighthill-Whitham-Richards network model.
Acquiring knowledge for affective state recognition in social media
Creators: name: Qadir, Ashequl
Publisher: name: University of Utah
Year: 2016
Subjects: Affective Polarity
Emotion Hashtag
Implicit Property
Natural Language Processing
Simile
Social Media

description: Over the last decade, social media has emerged as a revolutionary platform for informal communication and social interactions among people. Publicly expressing thoughts, opinions, and feelings is one of the key characteristics of social media. In this dissertation, I present research on automatically acquiring knowledge from social media that can be used to recognize people's affective state (i.e., what someone feels at a given time) in text. This research addresses two types of affective knowledge: 1) hashtag indicators of emotion consisting of emotion hashtags and emotion hashtag patterns, and 2) affective understanding of similes (a form of figurative comparison). My research introduces a bootstrapped learning algorithm for learning hashtag in- dicators of emotions from tweets with respect to five emotion categories: Affection, Anger/Rage, Fear/Anxiety, Joy, and Sadness/Disappointment. With a few seed emotion hashtags per emotion category, the bootstrapping algorithm iteratively learns new hashtags and more generalized hashtag patterns by analyzing emotion in tweets that contain these indicators. Emotion phrases are also harvested from the learned indicators to train additional classifiers that use the surrounding word context of the phrases as features. This is the first work to learn hashtag indicators of emotions. My research also presents a supervised classification method for classifying affective polarity of similes in Twitter. Using lexical, semantic, and sentiment properties of different simile components as features, supervised classifiers are trained to classify a simile into a positive or negative affective polarity class. The property of comparison is also fundamental to the affective understanding of similes. My research introduces a novel framework for inferring implicit properties that 1) uses syntactic constructions, statistical association, dictionary definitions and word embedding vector similarity to generate and rank candidate properties, 2) re-ranks the top properties using influence from multiple simile components, and 3) aggregates the ranks of each property from different methods to create a final ranked list of properties. The inferred properties are used to derive additional features for the supervised classifiers to further improve affective polarity recognition. Experimental results show substantial improvements in affective understanding of similes over the use of existing sentiment resources.
The extended corona of a young Sun: Combined VLBI/spectropolarimetry observations
Creators: name: Brasseur, Clara
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Stellar astronomy

description: Understanding stellar magnetic fields is crucial to understanding the structure and evolution ofstars. While there are ways to observe the surface magnetic field of a star, it is more difficult todetect the structure of the magnetic field above the surface in the corona. In this talk I presentthe results of our multiwavelength study of the young (~40-50 Myr) solar-like star AB Doradus,where we find that it has an extended corona of ~8-10 stellar radii. I describe how we use thesurface magnetic field map derived from spectropolarimetry to produce a 3D extrapolation of ABDor's coronal magnetic field, from which we create synthetic radio images. I discuss how wecompare our synthetic images with approximately simultaneous radio interferometryobservations that show complex structures around AB Dor. I show that we are able to reproducethe observed radio flux and the morphology of the derived radio images, and discuss theimplication of such a large coronal extent in young stars.
Plant Extracts
Creators: name: Clara, Lisa
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Nature provides a source of foods and ingredients that are beneficial to human health. Various modern-day drugs were extracted from medicinal plants. Plants have also been used in the production of stimulant beverages, such as tea, coffee, cocoa, and cola, and toxicants, such as wine and beer. Plant extracts are increasingly used as important additives in the food industry due to their bioactive compounds such as polyphenols and carotenoids, which have antimicrobial and antioxidant activity, especially against low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) oxidative changes.
I Workshop Portugal e a Antárctida e a preparação das actividades portuguesas no âmbito do Ano Polar Internacional 2007-08
Creators: name: Vieira, Gonçalo
name: Xavier, José
name: Neves, Mário
Publisher: name: Finisterra
Year: 2012

description: Finisterra, vol. 40 n.º 80 (2005)
Novel Modification of HeartMate 3 Implantation
Creators: name: Wilson, H.K.
name: Caranasos, T.G.
name: Haithcock, B.E.
Publisher: name: Elsevier Inc.
Year: 2021

description: We have modified the HeartMate 3 (Abbott, Abbott Park, IL) implantation technique to better suit our patient population. This modification optimizes the placement of the HeartMate 3 sewing cuff and allows passage of the suture transmurally from endocardium to epicardium in a “cut then sew” technique. We believe this affords a superior seal and protection from tearing friable myocardium.
On Approximations of the PSD Cone by a Polynomial Number of Smaller-sized PSD Cones
Creators: name: Song, Dogyoon
name: Parrilo, Pablo A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study the problem of approximating the cone of positive semidefinite (PSD) matrices with a cone that can be described by smaller-sized PSD constraints. Specifically, we ask the question: "how closely can we approximate the set of unit-trace $n \times n$ PSD matrices, denoted by $D$, using at most $N$ number of $k \times k$ PSD constraints?" In this paper, we prove lower bounds on $N$ to achieve a good approximation of $D$ by considering two constructions of an approximating set. First, we consider the unit-trace $n \times n$ symmetric matrices that are PSD when restricted to a fixed set of $k$-dimensional subspaces in $\mathbb{RR}^n$. We prove that if this set is a good approximation of $D$, then the number of subspaces must be at least exponentially large in $n$ for any $k = o(n)$. % Second, we show that any set $S$ that approximates $D$ within a constant approximation ratio must have superpolynomial $\mathbf{S}_+^k$-extension complexity. To be more precise, if $S$ is a constant factor approximation of $D$, then $S$ must have $\mathbf{S}_+^k$-extension complexity at least $\exp( C \cdot \min \{ \sqrt{n}, n/k \})$ where $C$ is some absolute constant. In addition, we show that any set $S$ such that $D \subseteq S$ and the Gaussian width of $D$ is at most a constant times larger than the Gaussian width of $D$ must have $\mathbf{S}_+^k$-extension complexity at least $\exp( C \cdot \min \{ n^{1/3}, \sqrt{n/k} \})$. These results imply that the cone of $n \times n$ PSD matrices cannot be approximated by a polynomial number of $k \times k$ PSD constraints for any $k = o(n / \log^2 n)$. These results generalize the recent work of Fawzi on the hardness of polyhedral approximations of $\mathbf{S}_+^n$, which corresponds to the special case with $k=1$.
description: 33 pages, 4 figures
(1131) Cicely Newsham
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
On the decomposition theorem for gluons
Creators: name: Anikin, I. V.
name: Zhevlakov, A. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, the problem of spin and orbital angular momentum (AM) separation has widely been discussed. Nowadays, all discussions about the possibility to separate the spin AM from the orbital AM in the gauge invariant manner are based on the ansatz that the gluon field can be presented in form of the decomposition where the physical gluon components are additive to the pure gauge gluon components, i.e. $A_μ= A_μ^{\text{phys}}+A_μ^{\text{pure}}$. In the present paper, we show that in the non-Abelian gauge theory this gluon decomposition has a strong mathematical evidence in the frame of the contour gauge conception. In other words, we reformulate the gluon decomposition ansatz as a theorem on decomposition and, then, we use the contour gauge to prove this theorem. In the first time, we also demonstrate that the contour gauge possesses the special kind of residual gauge related to the boundary field configurations and expressed in terms of the pure gauge fields. As a result, the trivial boundary conditions lead to the inference that the decomposition includes the physical gluon configurations only provided the contour gauge condition.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures; a few typos have been fixed; the version includes the extended References
Tunneling Potentials for the Tunneling Action: Gauge Invariance
Creators: name: Arunasalam, Suntharan
name: Ramsey-Musolf, Michael J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We formulate a procedure to obtain a gauge-invariant tunneling rate at zero temperature using the recently developed tunneling potential approach. This procedure relies on a consistent power counting in gauge coupling and a derivative expansion. The tunneling potential approach, while numerically more efficient than the standard bounce solution method, inherits the gauge-dependence of the latter when naively implemented. Using the Abelian Higgs model, we show how to obtain a tunneling rate whose residual gauge-dependence arises solely from the polynomial approximations adopted in the tunneling potential computation.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures; typos corrected
Omental Flap Provides Definitive Management for Pediatric Patient With Multiple Tracheoesophageal Fistula Recurrences
Creators: name: Mclean, S.E.
name: Mangat, S.
name: Haithcock, B.E.
Publisher: name: SAGE Publications Inc.
Year: 2020

description: A term female infant with tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) and esophageal atresia (EA) underwent primary operative repair that failed with 3 TEF recurrences, which all presented with feeding and respiratory issues. Recurrences were managed with reoperation and an interpositional flap of pleura and a flap of intercostal muscle on 2 separate occasions. The third recurrence was managed with complete dissection of the esophagus prior to the division of the fistula and the interposition of an omental flap between the esophageal and tracheal repair. We present the use of a viable omental flap and complete esophageal mobilization to prevent subsequent TEF recurrences and avoid the additional morbidity of reconstructive surgery.
Lower Hybrid antennas for nuclear fusion experiments
Creators: name: Hillairet, Julien
name: Achard, J.
name: Bae, Young-Soon
name: Bai, X.
name: Balorin, C.
name: Baranov, Y.
name: Basiuk, V.
name: Bécoulet, A.
name: Belo, J.
name: Berger-By, G.
name: Brémond, S.
name: Castaldo, C.
name: Ceccuzzi, S.
name: Cesario, R.
name: Corbel, E.
name: Courtois, X.
name: Decker, J.
name: Delmas, E.
name: Delpech, L.
name: Ding, X.
name: Douai, D.
name: Ekedahl, A.
name: Goletto, C.
name: Goniche, M.
name: Guilhem, D.
name: Hertout, P.
name: Imbeaux, F.
name: Litaudon, X.
name: Magne, R.
name: Mailloux, J.
name: Mazon, D.
name: Mirizzi, F.
name: Mollard, P.
name: Moreau, P.
name: Oosako, T.
name: Petrzilka, V.
name: Peysson, Y.
name: Poli, S.
name: Preynas, M.
name: Prou, M.
name: Saint-Laurent, F.
name: Samaille, F.
name: Saoutic, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nuclear fusion research goal is to demonstrate the feasibility of fusion power for peaceful purposes. In order to achieve the conditions similar to those expected in an electricity-generating fusion power plant, plasmas with a temperature of several hundreds of millions of degrees must be generated and sustained for long periods. For this purpose, RF antennas delivering multi-megawatts of power to magnetized confined plasma are commonly used in experimental tokamaks. In the gigahertz range of frequencies, high power phased arrays known as "Lower Hybrid" (LH) antennas are used to extend the plasma duration. This paper reviews some of the technological aspects of the LH antennas used in the Tore Supra tokamak and presents the current design of a proposed 20 MW LH system for the international experiment ITER.
Synergistic epidemic spreading in correlated networks
Creators: name: Mizutaka, Shogo
name: Mori, Kizashi
name: Hasegawa, Takehisa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We investigate the effect of degree correlation on a susceptible-infected-susceptible (SIS) model with a nonlinear cooperative effect (synergy) in infectious transmissions. In a mean-field treatment of the synergistic SIS model on a bimodal network with tunable degree correlation, we identify a discontinuous transition that is independent of the degree correlation strength unless the synergy is absent or extremely weak. Regardless of synergy (absent or present), a positive and negative degree correlation in the model reduces and raises the epidemic threshold, respectively. For networks with a strongly positive degree correlation, the mean-field treatment predicts the emergence of two discontinuous jumps in the steady-state infected density. To test the mean-field treatment, we provide approximate master equations of the present model. We quantitatively confirm that the approximate master equations agree with not only all qualitative predictions of the mean-field treatment but also corresponding Monte-Carlo simulations.
description: 11 pages, 9 figures
(1126) Annabella Kemplay
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Phase Diagram of Flexible Polymers with Quenched Disordered Charged Monomers
Creators: name: Rodrigues, B. B.
name: Rocha, J. C. S.
name: Costa, B. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 82D60

description: Recent advances in Generalized Ensemble simulations and microcanonical analysis allowed the investigation of structural transitions in polymer models over a broad range of local bending and torsion strengths. It is reasonable to argue that electrostatic interactions play a significant role in stabilizing and mediating structural transitions in polymers. We propose a bead-spring polymer model with randomly distributed charged monomers interacting via a screened Coulomb potential. By combining the Replica Exchange Wang-Landau (REWL) method with energy-dependent monomer updates, we constructed the hyperphase diagram as a function of temperature ($T$) and charged monomer concentration ($η$). The coil-globule and globular-solid transitions are respectively second and first order for the entire concentration range. However, above a concentration threshold of $η=80\%$, electrostatic repulsion hinders the formation of solid and liquid globules, and the interplay between enthalpic and entropic interactions leads to the formation of liquid pearl-necklace ad solid helical structures. The probability distribution, $P(E,T)$, indicates that at high $η$, the pearl-necklace liquid phase freezes into a stable solid helix-like structure with a free energy barrier higher than the freezing globule transition at low $η$.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures
Robust quantum coherence above the Fermi sea
Creators: name: Tewari, S.
name: Roulleau, P.
name: Grenier, C.
name: Portier, F.
name: Cavanna, A.
name: Gennser, U.
name: Mailly, D.
name: Roche, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we present an experiment where we measured the quantum coherence of a quasiparticle injected at a well-defined energy above the Fermi sea into the edge states of the integer quantum Hall regime. Electrons are introduced in an electronic Mach-Zehnder interferometer after passing through a quantum dot that plays the role of an energy filter. Measurements show that above a threshold injection energy, the visibility of the quantum interferences is almost independent of the energy. This is true even for high energies, up to 130~$μ$eV, well above the thermal energy of the measured sample. This result is in strong contradiction with our theoretical predictions, which instead predict a continuous decrease of the interference visibility with increasing energy. This experiment raises serious questions concerning the understanding of excitations in the integer quantum Hall regime.
(1127) James Kemplay
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
How does economic policy uncertainty comove with stock markets: New evidence from symmetric thermal optimal path method
Creators: name: Shao, Ying-Hui
name: Yang, Yan-Hong
name: Zhou, Wei-Xing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Finance (q-fin.GN)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: We revisit the dynamic relationship between domestic economic policy uncertainty and stock markets using the symmetric thermal optimal path (TOPS) method. We observe different interaction patterns in emerging and developed markets. Economic policy uncertainty drives the stock market in China, while stock markets play a leading role in the UK and the US. Meanwhile, the lead-lag relationship of the three countries reacts significantly to extreme events. Our findings have important implications for investors and policy makers.
(1128) Richard Kemplay
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Inflammatory State After Intrathoracic Breast Implant Placement for Postpneumonectomy Syndrome
Creators: name: McDermott, C.
name: Wilson, H.
name: Haithcock, B.
name: Merlo, A.
Publisher: name: Elsevier Inc.
Year: 2020

description: We describe a case of a 16-year-old patient who underwent right pneumonectomy for pulmonary vein atresia and developed postpneumonectomy syndrome. She had an 800-cm3 saline-filled silicone tissue expander placed in the right hemithorax with resolution of her postpneumonectomy syndrome. However, 2 years later, she developed fevers, night sweats, and arthralgias. Her medical workup was negative for vasculitis, inflammatory bowel disease, and infectious etiologies. She underwent tissue expander removal, resulting in resolution of her symptoms. This report describes a case of an inflammatory state created by a tissue expander placed for postpneumonectomy syndrome.