cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
High-Resolution Near Infrared Spectroscopy of HD 100546: II. Analysis of variable rovibrational CO emission lines
Creators: name: Brittain, Sean D.
name: Najita, Joan R.
name: Carr, John S.
name: Liskowsky, Joseph
name: Troutman, Matthew R.
name: Doppmann, Greg W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present observations of rovibrational CO in HD 100546 from four epochs spanning January 2003 through December 2010. We show that the equivalent widths of the CO lines vary during this time period with the v=1-0 CO lines brightening more than the UV fluoresced lines from the higher vibrational states. While the spectroastrometric signal of the hot band lines remains constant during this period, the spectroastrometric signal of the v=1--0 lines varies substantially. At all epochs, the spectroastrometric signals of the UV fluoresced lines are consistent with the signal one would expect from gas in an axisymmetric disk. In 2003, the spectroastrometric signal of the v=1-0 P26 line was symmetric and consistent with emission from an axisymmetric disk. However, in 2006, there was no spatial offset of the signal detected on the red side of the profile, and in 2010, the spectroastrometric offset was yet more strongly reduced toward zero velocity. A model is presented that can explain the evolution of the equivalent width of the v=1-0 P26 line and its spectroastrometric signal by adding to the system a compact source of CO emission that orbits the star near the inner edge of the disk. We hypothesize that such emission may arise from a circumplanetary disk orbiting a gas giant planet near the inner edge of the circumstellar disk. We discuss how this idea can be tested observationally and be distinguished from an alternative interpretation of random fluctuations in the disk emission.
description: 18 pages, 10 figures
Additional file 1 of Is there structural change on MRI in gluteal tendinopathy after treatment? Single outcome measure extension of an RCT
Creators: name: Carney, Georgia
name: Fitzpatrick, Jane
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 1
Online Supplementary Material: Life’s Essential 8, socioeconomic status, genetic susceptibility, and risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a prospective study
Creators: name: Li, Xiang
name: Kou, Minghao
name: Ma, Hao
name: Wang, Xuan
name: Feng, Han
name: Qi, Lu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 420210
subject: Social epidemiology
classificationCode: 420208
subject: Nutritional epidemiology
classificationCode: 420299
subject: Epidemiology not elsewhere classified

description: Online supplementary material
Technological Growth and L2 Construct Definition: Will Applied Linguistics Keep Pace with Language Users?
Creators: name: Blood, Ian A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Language and languages--Study and teaching--Technological innovations
Applied linguistics--Research
Second language acquisition--Ability testing
Education
English language--Study and teaching--Foreign speakers

description: Chapelle (2003) coined the phrase “tunnel of efficiency” to describe what she considers a truncation of vision on the part of applied linguists who have studied technological innovations in L2 assessment. This nearsightedness, she argues, has led to an overemphasis of research that serves immediate practical considerations, i.e., faster, more efficient delivery and scoring of traditional tests. Underemphasized is the question of how the rapidly advancing availability and widespread use of new technology can or should change L2 constructs. To maintain the relevance of our field and coherently evaluate the validity of L2 assessment use arguments, we must pay attention to these questions.
Optimal network modularity for information diffusion
Creators: name: Nematzadeh, Azadeh
name: Ferrara, Emilio
name: Flammini, Alessandro
name: Ahn, Yong-Yeol
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We investigate the impact of community structure on information diffusion with the linear threshold model. Our results demonstrate that modular structure may have counter-intuitive effects on information diffusion when social reinforcement is present. We show that strong communities can facilitate global diffusion by enhancing local, intra-community spreading. Using both analytic approaches and numerical simulations, we demonstrate the existence of an optimal network modularity, where global diffusion require the minimal number of early adopters.
description: 8 pages, 10 figures
title: Statistical Improvements for Ecological Learning about Spatial Processes
Creators: name: Dupont, Gaetan L
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2021

description: Ecological inquiry is rooted fundamentally in understanding population abundance, both to develop theory and improve conservation outcomes. Despite this importance, estimating abundance is difficult due to the imperfect detection of individuals in a sample population. Further, accounting for space can provide more biologically realistic inference, shifting the focus from abundance to density and encouraging the exploration of spatial processes. To address these challenges, Spatial Capture-Recapture (“SCR”) has emerged as the most prominent method for estimating density reliably. The SCR model is conceptually straightforward: it combines a spatial model of detection with a point process model of the spatial distribution of individuals, using data collected on individuals within a spatially referenced sampling design. These data are often coarse in spatial and temporal resolution, though, motivating research into improving the quality of the data available for analysis. Here I explore two related approaches to improve inference from SCR: sampling design and data integration. Chapter 1 describes the context of this thesis in more detail. Chapter 2 presents a framework to improve sampling design for SCR through the development of an algorithmic optimization approach. Compared to pre-existing recommendations, these optimized designs perform just as well but with far more flexibility to account for available resources and challenging sampling scenarios. Chapter 3 presents one of the first methods of integrating an explicit movement model into the SCR model using telemetry data, which provides information at a much finer spatial scale. The integrated model shows significant improvements over the standard model to achieve a specific inferential objective, in this case: the estimation of landscape connectivity. In Chapter 4, I close by providing two broader conclusions about developing statistical methods for ecological inference. First, simulation-based evaluation is integral to this process, but the circularity of its use can, unfortunately, be understated. Second, and often underappreciated: statistical solutions should be as intuitive as possible to facilitate their adoption by a diverse pool of potential users. These novel approaches to sampling design and data integration represent essential steps in advancing SCR and offer intuitive opportunities to advance ecological learning about spatial processes.
Additional file 1 of A model to forecast the two-year variation of subjective wellbeing in the elderly population
Creators: name: Trescato, Isotta
name: Roversi, Chiara
name: Vettoretti, Martina
name: Di Camillo, Barbara
name: Facchinetti, Andrea
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Medicine
Neuroscience
Biotechnology
Information Systems not elsewhere classified
Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Mental Health

description: Additional file 1.
Otocyon Muller 1836
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Carnivora
Canidae
Otocyon

description: Otocyon Muller, 1836. Arch. Anat. Physiol., Jahresber. Fortschr. Wiss., 1835:1. ISIS NUMBER: 5301412001012000000.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Carnivora, pp. 244-289 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 248, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7352980
MyCites, New concept for verification & annotation of citations
Creators: name: Hosseini, Mohammad
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Inaccurate citations, Editorial process, Post-publication peer-review, Annotations, Research integrity, Responsibilities

description: This is a concept for a digital tool that allows verification of, and reflecting on the citations within scientific publications. Authors with an ORCID id would be allowed to verify whether other papers cite their previously published papers/material accurately, and if needed can reflect on how their work was cited. Other researchers too, who have an ORCID id will be allowed to make comments about citations. Cited authors are granted more visibility and authority over discussions about a quote/paraphrased sentence.
Ultra-stable cryogenic optical resonators for tests of fundamental physics
Creators: name: Nagel, M.
name: Möhle, K.
name: Döringshoff, K.
name: Schikora, S.
name: Kovalchuk, E. V.
name: Peters, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the design and first measurement results for an ultra-stable cryogenically cooled optical sapphire resonator system with a potential relative frequency stability better than 3x10^-17. This level of oscillator stability allows for more precise tests of Einstein's theories of relativity and thus could help to find first hints of "new physics". We will give some details on a projected experiment to test Lorentz invariance that will utilize these cavities.
description: Presented at the Sixth Meeting on CPT and Lorentz Symmetry, Bloomington, Indiana, June 17-21, 2013
Otocyon megalotis
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Carnivora
Canidae
Otocyon
Otocyon megalotis

description: Otocyon megalotis (Desmarest, 1821). Encyclop. Method. Mamm., Suppl., p. 538. TYPE LOCALITY: South Africa, Cape Prov., Cape of Good Hope. DISTRIBUTION: S. and E. Africa to Ethiopia. ISIS NUMBER: 5301412001012001001.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Carnivora, pp. 244-289 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 248, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7352980
Beschreibung des in der Stadt Comorn in Hungarn zu Ende des Monats Junii und zu Anfang Julii 1763. empfundenen erschrecklichen Erdbebens; [1763]
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2013

description: In Fraktur
title: Utilizing Fluorescence Microscopy to Characterize the Subcellular Distribution of the Novel Protein Acheron
Creators: name: Sheel, Varun
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2021

description: All cells carry the genetic machinery required to commit cell suicide; a process known as programmed cell death (PCD). While the ability to initiate PCD serves a number of useful purposes during development and homeostasis, misregulation of PCD is the underlying basis of most human diseases, including cancer, autoimmunity disorders and neurodegeneration. Using the tobacco hawkmoth Manduca sexta as a model organism, the Schwartz lab at UMass has demonstrated that PCD requires de novo gene expression and has cloned many death-associated genes. One of these genes encodes a novel protein that was named Acheron after one of the rivers of the Underworld in Greek mythology. Acheron (also known as Lupus Antigen Related Protein 6; Larp6) is an RNA binding protein that mediates a number of cellular processes, including cell survival, angiogenesis, migration, and differentiation. The molecular mechanisms that mediate Acheron’s diverse roles are poorly understood, but several lines of evidence suggest that it is mediated in part by protein protein interactions and motifs that target it to different cellular compartments. In this thesis, I employed immunofluorescence and confocal microscopy to conduct two studies employing mammalian cells. The first study was to determine the subcellular localization for Acheron in normal cells and cells treated with growth factors. I found that Acheron predominantly coincides with the microtubule cytoskeleton. In our second study, I tested the hypothesis that Acheron’s binding partners BAD, Human Homolog of Ariadne-1 (HHARI) and Calcium/Calmodulin-dependent Serine Protein Kinase (CASK) colocalize with Acheron. As part of this analysis, I sought to determine if Acheron could facilitate the translocation of CASK to the nucleus. I found that Acheron localizes predominantly to microtubules, with some expression in the cytoplasm and nucleus. When Acheron and its partners are co-labeled in cycling mouse C2C12 myoblasts or human U2-OS osteosarcoma cells, Acheron did not colocalize with BAD, HHARI or CASK on microtubules. However, I found that when Acheron is driven into the nucleus with high levels of growth factors, CASK also appeared to translocate to both the nucleus and to microtubules, where it colocalized with Acheron. The data acquired through these studies should provide not only insights into the subcellular distribution of Acheron and its potential binding partners but may also help elucidate its roles in programmed cell death, differentiation, and pathogenesis in mammalian models.
Performance Evaluation of Trajectory Tracking Controllers for a Quadruped Robot Leg
Creators: name: Shojaei, Hossein
name: Rahmanei, Hamid
name: Sadati, Seyed Hossein
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: The complexities in the dynamic model of the legged robots make it necessary to utilize model-free controllers in the task of trajectory tracking. In This paper, an adaptive transpose Jacobian approach is proposed to deal with the dynamic model complexity, which utilizes an adaptive PI-algorithm to adjust the control gains. The performance of the proposed control algorithm is compared with the conventional transpose Jacobian and sliding mode control algorithms and evaluated by the root mean square of the errors and control input energy criteria. In order to appraise the effectiveness of the proposed control system, simulations are carried out in MATLAB/Simulink software for a quadruped robot leg for semi-elliptical path tracking. The obtained results show that the proposed adaptive transpose Jacobian reduces the overshoot and root mean square of the errors and at the same time, decreases the control input energy. Moreover, transpose Jacobin and adaptive transpose Jacobian are more robust to changes in initial conditions compared to the conventional sliding mode control. Furthermore, sliding mode control performs well up to 20% uncertainties in the parameters due to its model-based nature, whereas the transpose Jacobin and the proposed adaptive transpose Jacobian algorithms show promising results even in higher mass uncertainties.
description: Published in IEEE Xplore
International Food Security Assessment, 2022–32
Creators: name: Zerevesus, Yacob Abrehe
name: Cardell, Lila
name: Valdes, Constanza
name: Ajewole, Kayode
name: Zeng, Wendy
name: Beckman, Jason
name: Ivanic, Maros
name: Hashad, Reem
name: Jelliffe, Jeremy
name: Kee, Jennifer
name: Zerevesus, Yacob Abrehe
name: Cardell, Lila
name: Valdes, Constanza
name: Ajewole, Kayode
name: Zeng, Wendy
name: Beckman, Jason
name: Ivanic, Maros
name: Hashad, Reem
name: Jelliffe, Jeremy
name: Kee, Jennifer
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Calories
subject: Coronavirus
subject: COVID-19
subject: Ukraine
subject: food demand
subject: food insecurity
subject: food prices
subject: income
subject: inflation
subject: nutritional threshold
subject: pandemic
subject: Asia
subject: Latin America and the Caribbean
subject: North Africa
subject: Sub-Saharan Africa

description: Millions of people around the world are food insecure and do not have access to sufficient, safe, and nutritious food that meets their dietary needs for an active and healthy life. Using a demand-driven international food security assessment model, this report helps the U.S. Department of Agriculture and its stakeholders estimate food security trends in 77 low- and middle-income countries. High international food commodity prices, intensified by the Russian invasion of Ukraine and input price spikes, are associated with an increase of 118.7 million food insecure people in 2022 in the countries included in this report.
Future Directions in Pragmatics Assessment
Creators: name: Tsutagawa, Fred Seizo
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Language and languages--Ability testing--Technological innovations
Sociolinguistics
Pragmatics
Education
English language--Study and teaching--Foreign speakers

description: While the discussion of the importance of pragmatic ability arguably begins with Lado (1961), the idea of sociolinguistic or pragmatic competence has been widely recognized as one of four vital communicative competencies since Canale and Swain (1980) and Canale (1983) first introduced their seminal paper on communicative competence over three decades ago. Since then, language testers such as Bachman (1990), Bachman and Palmer (1996), and Purpura (2004) have proposed subsequent models of communicative language ability (CLA) where pragmatic knowledge is featured prominently, but interestingly, the assessment of pragmatic knowledge and ability is still relatively nascent in terms of its research and development. One reason for this is because the measurement of pragmatic knowledge is inherently complex, especially since “one utterance can simultaneously encode multiple pragmatic meanings, and many times, without asking the speaker[s], it is difficult to determine which meanings were implied…[and] which meanings were actually understood” (Purpura, 2004, p. 77). As a result, most pragmatic research has tended to focus on a narrow but more quantifiable band of functional pragmatic topics such as polite and impolite speech, complimenting, use of discourse markers (Rose & Kasper, 2001), and other pragmatic tasks such as apologizing, complaining, giving advice, and inviting that are common in many ESL/EFL textbooks (Vellenga, 2004). But actual “tests of pragmatic ability are few and far between” (Kasper & Rose, 2001, p. 9), with many of the above studies employing written response formats that fail to capture the richness and unplanned nature of authentic discourse. Advances in technology, however, may possibly bridge some of the limitations that have been observed in the pragmatics testing literature thus far.
On the equivalence of two fundamental theta identities
Creators: name: Koornwinder, Tom H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 33E05, 11F27, 33-03, 01A55

description: Two fundamental theta identities, a three-term identity due to Weierstrass and a five-term identity due to Jacobi, both with products of four theta functions as terms, are shown to be equivalent. One half of the equivalence was already proved by R.J. Chapman in 1996. The history and usage of the two identities, and some generalizations are also discussed.
description: v3: 15 pages, minor errors corrected, references added, appendix on four-term theta identities added, accepted by Analysis and Applications
title: Wind Turbine Power Production Estimation for Better Financial Agreements
Creators: name: Fan, Shanon
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2021

description: Wind farm operators utilize various financial agreements to generate revenue and mitigate risk. These agreements are often based on some estimate of the energy production from the wind farm. A power purchase agreement (PPAs), which is a long-term fixed volume fixed price arrangement, was the most common type of agreement for much of the growth of wind energy in the U.S. Recently, wind turbine power production estimations are relying less on fixed production volumes and PPAs as the basis for energy estimation in financial agreements and more on proxy generation, or an estimate of what the wind farm should make given a set of inflow conditions. These newer types of financial agreements are shifting the focus to when power is produced rather than just how much, and so it is imperative to understand and analyze the errors arising in proxy generation and how it may impact the financial agreements that use proxy generation. This work quantifies the errors in proxy generation and compares two methods of estimating power production, examining the financial impacts of both, for one wind project. These two methods are the nacelle transfer function (NTF) method and the reanalysis data method, which may be used if onsite data is unavailable. The different methods of estimating power production have varying impacts on the financial outcome of the project. Errors in power production estimates that coincide with large price events can result in significant financial impacts for the wind project, and this is more likely to occur with the reanalysis method compared to the NTF method. The results show that the Nacelle Transfer Function (NTF) method of estimating power production via onsite measurements has much less risk of being impacted by a price excursion than the reanalysis data method.
Pushing back the charge frontier
Creators: name: ARIES WP18 Members
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: The beam charge in laser-plasma accelerators is about 2 orders of magnitude lower than in conventional accelerators. This is a major bottleneck, which hinders the development of these accelerators and their applications. Here we report on several strategies to increase the beam charge. First, we present a new technique to dechirp the electron beam and thus increase the spectral density of charge. Second, we report on a numerical optimization of density transition injection and present new target designs that aimed at producing higher charge with a better stability. We also present a numerical study on the increase of the charge in the 1-10 MeV range. We then describe laser defects that can reduce the beam charge, and we propose solutions to fix them. Lastly, we report on a new method for guiding the laser that increases the conversion efficiency of the laser to the electron beam.
description: {"references": ["ARIES Del18.5"]}
The Visual Elements of Computer-based Language Assessment: Aspects and Effects
Creators: name: Al-Ani, Sarab
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Second language acquisition--Ability testing
Educational technology
Language and languages--Ability testing--Technological innovations
Education
English language--Study and teaching--Foreign speakers

description: The advent of computers and computer assisted technologies has certainly influenced many aspects of our personal and professional lives. The field of second language education is no exception, where such technologies first exerted their influence on conventional teaching methods, and from there moved onto methods of testing in second language acquisition. This transition from the “world of paper” to that of a computer screen and the associated technologies is arguably one of the most significant changes witnessed in second language education since the invention of the printing press. One of the questions that many studies tried to answer in regard to this change was: what effect do the visual elements of computer-based language tests have on test-takers?
Additional file 1 of Practice of defensive medicine among surgeons in Ethiopia: cross-sectional study
Creators: name: Assefa, Eskinder Amare
name: Teferi, Yonas Ademe
name: Alemu, Birhanu Nega
name: Genetu, Abraham
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Medicine
Biotechnology
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Science Policy
Mental Health

description: Supplementary Material 1
Multiband Diagnostics of Unidentified 1FGL Sources with Suzaku and Swift X-ray Observations
Creators: name: Takeuchi, Y.
name: Kataoka, J.
name: Maeda, K.
name: Takahashi, Y.
name: Nakamori, T.
name: Tahara, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have analyzed all the archival X-ray data of 134 unidentified (unID) gammaray sources listed in the first Fermi/LAT (1FGL) catalog and subsequently followed up by Swift/XRT. We constructed the spectral energy distributions (SEDs) from radio to gamma-rays for each X-ray source detected, and tried to pick up unique objects that display anomalous spectral signatures. In these analysis, we target all the 1FGL unID sources, using updated data from the second Fermi/LAT (2FGL) catalog on their LAT position and spectra. We found several potentially interesting objects, particularly three sources, 1FGL J0022.2-1850, 1FGL J0038.0+1236 and 1FGL J0157.0-5259, which were then more deeply observed with Suzaku as a part of an AO7 program in 2012. We successfully detected an X-ray counterpart for each source whose X-ray spectra were well fitted by a single power-law function. The positional coincidence with a bright radio counterpart (currently identified as AGN) in the 2FGL error circles suggests these are definitely the X-ray emission from the same AGN, but their SEDs show a wide variety of behavior. In particular, the SED of 1FGL J0038.0+1236 is difficult to be explained by conventional emission models of blazars. The source 1FGL J0022.2-1850 may be in a transition state between a low-frequency peaked BL Lac and a high-frequency peaked BL Lac object, and 1FGL J0157.0-5259 could be a rare kind of extreme blazar. We discuss the possible nature of these three sources observed with Suzaku, together with the X-ray identification results and SEDs of all 134 sources observed with Swift/XRT.
description: 62 pages, 12 figures, accepted for publication in the ApJS. For more high-resolution figures, see http://www.spxg-lab.phys.waseda.ac.jp/member/ytakeuchi/FTP/Y-Takeuchi_1FGL_UNID.pdf
Additional file 1 of Bayesian methods: a potential path forward for sepsis trials
Creators: name: Tomlinson, George
name: Al-Khafaji, Ali
name: Conrad, Steven A.
name: Factora, Faith N. F.
name: Foster, Debra M.
name: Galphin, Claude
name: Gunnerson, Kyle J.
name: Khan, Sobia
name: Kohli-Seth, Roopa
name: McCarthy, Paul
name: Meena, Nikhil K.
name: Pearl, Ronald G.
name: Rachoin, Jean-Sebastien
name: Rains, Ronald
name: Seneff, Michael
name: Tidswell, Mark
name: Walker, Paul M.
name: Kellum, John A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Additional file 1. 1.ICEMAN: Instrument for assessing the Credibility of Effect Modification Analyses (ICEMAN) in randomized controlled trials. 2. Detailed Simulation and Statistical Methods. 3. Supplemental Figures and Tables. 4. Tigris Trial Protocol Synopsis. 5. Supplemental references.
What Is Criterion and e-rater, and How Can They Be Used in a Classroom?
Creators: name: Song, Youngsoo
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Educational technology
Teaching machines
English language--Study and teaching--Foreign speakers
Education

description: It is not uncommon for teachers to worry about delivering effective instruction and employing good pedagogical methods to maximize student learning. However, this becomes more problematic with the growing number of students per class and by the shortage of teachers who can accommodate the students. An immediate concern that will be discussed in this short piece is assessment, feedback, and scoring on writing from ESL/EFL students. A teacher becoming fatigued by an overwhelming amount of work is one concern, but it is often followed by unreliable and inaccurate assessment and grading of the students’ work. With little control over the shortage of teachers and the continuous enrollment of students, there must be a solution to alleviate the burden of teachers. This is where automated essay scoring (AES) tools such as Criterion by ETS may prove to be useful for teachers to effectively and efficiently provide meaningful feedback and grades. To elaborate, Criterion is an online platform providing convenience and practicality for its users, but it is the technology (also referred to as engine) of e-rater embedded in Criterion that provides automatic feedback on surface features of text such as grammar and scores.
Kommenden ... fallet ein das hohe Fest des heiligen Martyrers Sbastiani[!], welches bei den PP, Augustinern also wird begangen werden: ... Worzu alle Mitglieder dieser Hochlöbl. Bruderschaft sammt allen übrigen andern freundlichst berufen und eingeladen sind.; [1791]
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2013

description: Gottesdiensteinladung
Spin-1 effective Hamiltonian with three degenerate orbitals: An application to the case of V$_2$O$_3$
Creators: name: Di Matteo, S.
name: Perkins, N. B.
name: Natoli, C. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by recent neutron and x-ray observations in V$_2$O$_3$, we derive the effective Hamiltonian in the strong coupling limit of an Hubbard model with three degenerate t_{2g} states containing two electrons coupled to spin S = 1, and use it to re-examine the low-temperature ground-state properties of this compound. An axial trigonal distortion of the cubic states is also taken into account. Since there are no assumptions about the symmetry properties of the hopping integrals involved, the resulting spin-orbital Hamiltonian can be generally applied to any crystallographic configuration of the transition metal ion giving rise to degenerate t_{2g} orbitals. Specializing to the case of V$_2$O$_3$ we consider the antiferromagnetic insulating phase. We find two variational regimes, depending on the relative size of the correlation energy of the vertical pairs and the in-plane interaction energy. The former favors the formation of stable molecules throughout the crystal, while the latter tends to break this correlated state. We determine in both cases the minimizing orbital solutions for various spin configurations, and draw the corresponding phase diagrams. We find that none of the symmetry-breaking stable phases with the real spin structure presents an orbital ordering compatible with the magnetic space group indicated by very recent observations of non-reciprocal x-ray gyrotropy in V$_2$O$_3$. We do however find a compatible solution with very small excitation energy in two distinct regions of the phase space, which might turn into the true ground state of V$_2$O$_3$ due to the favorable coupling with the lattice. We illustrate merits and drawbacks of the various solutions and discuss them in relation to the present experimental evidence.
description: 36 pages, 19 figures
Stably Cayley semisimple groups
Creators: name: Borovoi, Mikhail
name: Kunyavskii, Boris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20G15, 20C10

description: A linear algebraic group G over a field k is called a Cayley group if it admits a Cayley map, i.e. a G-equivariant birational isomorphism over k between the group variety G and its Lie algebra Lie(G). A prototypical example is the classical "Cayley transform" for the special orthogonal group SO(n) defined by Arthur Cayley in 1846. A linear algebraic k-group G is called stably Cayley if $G \times S$ is Cayley for some split k-torus S. We classify stably Cayley semisimple groups over an arbitrary field k of characteristic 0.
description: 28 pages. The error noticed by the referee has been corrected
title: The Acquisition of Advanced Level Chinese Heritage Language (CHL) Learners：A Comparative Analysis Concerning The Aspect Marker “LE了”
Creators: name: Ao, Jingjing
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2021

description: Over the decades, research on heritage language learners has been quite popular, but most studies concern Russian, Spanish and other languages rather than Chinese. The Chinese heritage language learner’s studies focus mainly on K-12 students and their learning motivations, writing characteristics, and identification recognition and those concerned with language acquisition address their vocabulary and verbal Chinese development. There have been very few studies about learning grammar. This study emphasizes on the acquisition of the aspect marker LE among advanced learners.
To investigate the acquisition characteristics of advanced CHL learners, this study adopted the advanced CHL learners as the research group and the advanced CFL learners and native speakers as the control groups. A questionnaire survey was designed to investigate the participants' acquisition abilities. The survey utilized "similar semantics, different contexts, and English similarities" related to the aspect marker LE as the interference factors to investigate comprehension abilities and presented five different situations of using LE to investigate production abilities. There were 198 participants in the survey, and 183 effective questionnaires were collected.
Analysis of the data showed the following results: all three groups of subjects are equally affected by "similar semantics" and "different contexts" in comprehending the meaning of LE. But CHL and CFL learners are more affected by English interference than NS. In the production survey, CHL learners did better than CFL, but not as well as NS. In terms of comprehension on the aspect marker LE, CHL learners did better than CFL, but not as well as NS. The understanding and production abilities of CHL learners in the United States are better than those of CHL learners in China, and the influence of English on both CHL groups is quite similar.
The most important findings of this research are as follows: (1) Even when CHL learners reach the advanced level, they behave nearly native-like at language level, but cannot reach to the level of a native speaker. (2) Advanced CHL learners share similarities with CFL learners in production abilities. (3) The target Chinese language environment has no obvious influence on advanced CHL learners.
The results of this study have the following teaching implications: 1) Students are more likely to acquire LE in context; 2) Students are more likely to understand LE after they have clearly understood the semantic meaning of LE; 3) It would benefit advanced Chinese learners in acquiring LE if their study program could tailor classes for them; 4) If the teachers are explicit in explaining the meaning of LE, students will be more likely to understand the semantic meaning of LE and utilized it correctly.
The Application of Natural Language Processing and Automated Scoring in Second Language Assessment
Creators: name: Han-Ting Liu, Heidi
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Second language acquisition--Ability testing
Natural language processing (Computer science)
Computational linguistics
Education
English language--Study and teaching--Foreign speakers

description: Natural language processing (NLP) is an area of research that is used to investigate the application of natural language and is the foundation of machine translation, natural language text processing, natural language generation, multilingual and cross language information retrieval, speech recognition, parsing, and expert systems. To understand natural language in order to build or select appropriate algorithms for processing, three major issues are called into attention: humans’ thought processes, the meaning of linguistic input in context, and world knowledge. These considerations have led to the development of various types of NLP tools for lexical and morphological analysis, semantic and discourse analysis, as well as knowledge-based approaches (c.f., Chowdhury, 2003). After decades of evolution and advancement, the current stage of NLP, as Xi (2010) pointed out, has allowed language testing researchers to apply its techniques in developing automated scoring systems for the purpose of language learning and assessment.
Chilean Clitic Reduplication: Implications for Morphology and Syntax
Creators: name: Mann, Daniel
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Spanish language--Morphology
subject: Spanish language--Clitics
subject: Education
subject: Linguistics
subject: FOS: Languages and literature

description: This paper explores the phenomenon of clitic duplication in Spanish as seen in the sentence Te voy a pegarte (‘I’m going to hit you’). Structures like these have several interesting implications for the Spanish language and generativist syntax. Nevertheless, clitic duplication has not been extensively examined in the generativist literature. This working paper will critically review the small body of existing work on clitic reduplication. Furthermore, based on data gathered from native speakers of Chilean Spanish, it will provide some preliminary evidence for strengthening the argument that Spanish clitics are object agreement morphemes. Ultimately, this paper aims to provide a base to further pursue the topic of Chilean clitic reduplication to make more theoretically sound claims, provide more robust empirical data, and to propose a more formalized argument of the phenomena. Pedagogical implications of the argument are also considered.
title: Visuomotor Adaptation During Asymmetric Walking
Creators: name: Napoli, Charles
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2021

description: Necessary for effective ambulation, head stability affords optimal conditions for the perception of visual information during dynamic tasks. This maintenance of head-in-space equilibrium is achieved, in part, by the attenuation of the high frequency impact shock resulting from ground contact. While a great deal of experimentation has been done on the matter during steady state locomotion, little is known about how head stability or dynamic visual acuity is maintained during asymmetric walking.
In this study, fifteen participants were instructed to walk on a split-belt treadmill for ten minutes while verbally reporting the orientation of a randomized Landolt-C optotype that was projected at heel strike. Participants were exposed to the baseline, adaptation, and washout conditions, as characterized by belt speed ratios of 1:1, 1:3, and 1:1, respectively. Step length asymmetry, shock attenuation, high (impact) and low (active) frequency head signal power, and dynamic visual acuity scores were averaged across the first and last fifty strides of each condition.
Over the course of the first fifty strides, step length asymmetry was significantly greater during adaptation than during baseline (p d =2.442). Additionally, high frequency head signal power was significantly greater during adaptation than during baseline (p d =1.227), indicating a reduction in head stability. Shock attenuation was significantly lower during adaptation than during baseline (p d =-0.679), and a medium effect size suggests that dynamic visual acuity was lower during adaptation than during baseline as well (p =0.052; d =0.653). When comparing the baseline and adaptation conditions across the last fifty strides, however, many of these decrements were greatly reduced.
The results of this study indicate that the locomotor asymmetry imposed by the split-belt treadmill during the early adaptation condition is responsible for moderate decrements to shock attenuation, head stability, and dynamic visual acuity. Moreover, the relative reduction in magnitude of these decrements across the last fifty strides underscores the adaptive nature of the locomotor and visuomotor systems.
Importance of Tides for Periastron Precession in Eccentric Neutron Star - White Dwarf Binaries
Creators: name: Sravan, Niharika
name: Valsecchi, Francesca
name: Kalogera, Vassiliki
name: Althaus, Leandro G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Although not nearly as numerous as binaries with two white dwarfs, eccentric neutron star-white dwarf (NS-WD) binaries are important gravitational-wave (GW) sources for the next generation of space-based detectors sensitive to low frequency waves. Here we investigate periastron precession in these sources as a result of general relativistic, tidal, and rotational effects; such precession is expected to be detectable for at least some of the detected binaries of this type. Currently, two eccentric NS-WD binaries are known in the galactic field, PSR J1141-6545 and PSR B2303+46, both of which have orbits too wide to be relevant in their current state to GW observations. However, population synthesis studies predict the existence of a significant Galactic population of such systems. Though small in most of these systems, we find that tidally induced periastron precession becomes important when tides contribute to more than 3% of the total precession rate. For these systems, accounting for tides when analyzing periastron precession rate measurements can improve estimates of the WD component mass inferred and, in some cases, will prevent us from misclassifying the object. However, such systems are rare due to rapid orbital decay. To aid the inclusion of tidal effects when using periastron precession as a mass measurement tool, we derive a function that relates the WD radius and periastron precession constant to the WD mass.
description: Published in The Astrophysical Journal
Measurement of the polarisation of $W$ bosons produced in top-quark decays using dilepton events at $\sqrt{s} = 13$ TeV with the ATLAS experiment
Creators: name: ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2022
Subjects: top, decay
top, pair production
boson, decay
p p, scattering
polarization
lepton
ATLAS
TeV
muon
dilepton
longitudinal
resolution
acceptance
electron
right-handed
CERN LHC Coll
differential cross section

description: A measurement of the polarisation of $W$ bosons produced in top-quark decays is presented, using proton-proton collision data at a centre-of-mass energy of $\sqrt{s} = 13$ TeV. The data were collected by the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 139 fb$^{-1}$. The measurement is performed selecting $t\bar{t}$ events decaying into final states with two charged leptons (electrons or muons) and at least two $b$-tagged jets. The polarisation is extracted from the differential cross-section distribution of the $\cos{\theta^{*}}$ variable, where $\theta^{*}$ is the angle between the momentum direction of the charged lepton from the $W$ boson decay and the reversed momentum direction of the $b$-quark from the top-quark decay, both calculated in the $W$ boson rest frame. Parton-level results, corrected for the detector acceptance and resolution, are presented for the $\cos{\theta^{*}}$ angle. The measured fractions of longitudinal, left- and right-handed polarisation states are found to be $f_{0} = 0.684 \pm 0.005\,\mathrm{(stat.)} \pm 0.014\,\mathrm{(syst.)}$, $f_{\mathrm{L}} = 0.318 \pm 0.003\,\mathrm{(stat.)} \pm 0.008\,\mathrm{(syst.)}$ and $f_{\mathrm{R}} = -0.002 \pm 0.002\,\mathrm{(stat.)} \pm 0.014\,\mathrm{(syst.)}$, in agreement with the Standard Model prediction.
Additional file 1 of Spontaneous and induced abortions in women with a diagnosis of gestational related neoplasm: a population-based linkage study in Lombardy, 2010–2020
Creators: name: Esposito, Giovanna
name: Franchi, Matteo
name: Santucci, Claudia
name: Scarfone, Giovanna
name: Parazzini, Fabio
name: La Vecchia, Carlo
name: Corrao, Giovanni
name: Negri, Eva
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Flow-chart of selection of study cohort. Lombardy, Italy, 2010-2020. Table S1. Timing of diagnosis of pregnancy-associated cancer (PAC) among women who delivered and women who aborted. Lombardy, Italy, 2010-2020. Table S2. Chemoterapy patterns according to pregnancy outcome and timing of treatment. Lombardy, Italy, 2010-2020.
Search for direct pair production of sleptons and charginos decaying to two leptons and neutralinos with mass splittings near the $W$-boson mass in $\sqrt{s}=13\$TeV $pp$ collisions with the ATLAS detector
Creators: name: ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2022
Subjects: p p, scattering
slepton, pair production
up, mass
transverse momentum, missing-energy
chargino, mass
GeV
neutralino
mass difference
LSP
lepton
ATLAS
TeV
sparticle
electroweak interaction
CERN LHC Coll
supersymmetry
background

description: A search for the electroweak production of pairs of charged sleptons or charginos decaying into two-lepton final states with missing transverse momentum is presented. Two simplified models of $R$-parity-conserving supersymmetry are considered: direct pair-production of sleptons ($\tilde{\ell}\tilde{\ell}$), with each decaying into a charged lepton and a $\tilde{\chi}_1^0$ neutralino, and direct pair-production of the lightest charginos $(\tilde{\chi}_1^\pm\tilde{\chi}_1^\mp)$, with each decaying into a $W$-boson and a $\tilde{\chi}_1^0$. The lightest neutralino ($\tilde{\chi}_1^0$) is assumed to be the lightest supersymmetric particle (LSP). The analyses target the experimentally challenging mass regions where $m(\tilde{\ell})-m(\tilde{\chi}_1^0)$ and $m(\tilde{\chi}_1^\pm)-m(\tilde{\chi}_1^0)$ are close to the $W$-boson mass (`moderately compressed' regions). The search uses 139 fb$^{-1}$ of $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV proton-proton collisions recorded by the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. No significant excesses over the expected background are observed. Exclusion limits on the simplified models under study are reported in the ($\tilde{\ell},\tilde{\chi}_1^0$) and ($\tilde{\chi}_1^\pm,\tilde{\chi}_1^0$) mass planes at 95% confidence level (CL). Sleptons with masses up to 150 GeV are excluded at 95% CL for the case of a mass-splitting between sleptons and the LSP of 50 GeV. Chargino masses up to 140 GeV are excluded at 95% CL for the case of a mass-splitting between the chargino and the LSP down to about 100 GeV.