cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
White paper on nuclear astrophysics and low energy nuclear physics Part 1: Nuclear astrophysics
Creators: name: Rehm, E.
name: Escher, J.E.
name: Fröhlich, C.
name: Chieffi, A.
name: Stairs, I.H.
name: Rutledge, R.E.
name: Arcones, A.
name: Rogachev, G.
name: Meyer, B.S.
name: Zegers, R.G.T.
name: Mezzacappa, A.
name: Bardayan, D.W.
name: Brown, E.F.
name: Bernstein, L.A.
name: Nunes, F.
name: Messer, B.
name: Couture, A.J.
name: Brune, C.R.
name: Fields, B.D.
name: Herwig, F.
name: Steiner, A.W.
name: Blackmon, J.C.
name: Zingale, M.
name: Danielewicz, P.
name: Townsley, D.M.
name: Smith, M.S.
name: Reddy, S.
name: O'Shea, B.W.
name: Iliadis, C.
name: Timmes, F.X.
name: Diehl, R.
name: McLaughlin, G.C.
name: Wiescher, M.
name: Brown, B.A.
name: Pritychenko, B.
name: Hix, W.R.
name: Prakash, M.
name: Strohmayer, T.E.
name: El-Eid, M.
name: Lynch, W.G.
name: Champagne, A.E.
name: Schatz, H.
name: Beers, T.C.
Publisher: name: Elsevier B.V.
Year: 2017

description: This white paper informs the nuclear astrophysics community and funding agencies about the scientific directions and priorities of the field and provides input from this community for the 2015 Nuclear Science Long Range Plan. It summarizes the outcome of the nuclear astrophysics town meeting that was held on August 21–23, 2014 in College Station at the campus of Texas A&M University in preparation of the NSAC Nuclear Science Long Range Plan. It also reflects the outcome of an earlier town meeting of the nuclear astrophysics community organized by the Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics (JINA) on October 9–10, 2012 Detroit, Michigan, with the purpose of developing a vision for nuclear astrophysics in light of the recent NRC decadal surveys in nuclear physics (NP2010) and astronomy (ASTRO2010). The white paper is furthermore informed by the town meeting of the Association of Research at University Nuclear Accelerators (ARUNA) that took place at the University of Notre Dame on June 12–13, 2014. In summary we find that nuclear astrophysics is a modern and vibrant field addressing fundamental science questions at the intersection of nuclear physics and astrophysics. These questions relate to the origin of the elements, the nuclear engines that drive life and death of stars, and the properties of dense matter. A broad range of nuclear accelerator facilities, astronomical observatories, theory efforts, and computational capabilities are needed. With the developments outlined in this white paper, answers to long standing key questions are well within reach in the coming decade.
Additional file 1: of 18F-florbetaben whole-body PET/MRI for evaluation of systemic amyloid deposition
Creators: name: Baratto, Lucia
name: Park, Sonya
name: Negin Hatami
name: Gulaka, Praveen
name: Shreyas Vasanawala
name: Yohannan, Thomas
name: Herfkens, Robert
name: Witteles, Ronald
name: Iagaru, Andrei
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Details of the image acquisition. (DOCX 13Â kb)
Text2Poster: Laying out Stylized Texts on Retrieved Images
Creators: name: Jin, Chuhao
name: Xu, Hongteng
name: Song, Ruihua
name: Lu, Zhiwu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Poster generation is a significant task for a wide range of applications, which is often time-consuming and requires lots of manual editing and artistic experience. In this paper, we propose a novel data-driven framework, called \textit{Text2Poster}, to automatically generate visually-effective posters from textual information. Imitating the process of manual poster editing, our framework leverages a large-scale pretrained visual-textual model to retrieve background images from given texts, lays out the texts on the images iteratively by cascaded auto-encoders, and finally, stylizes the texts by a matching-based method. We learn the modules of the framework by weakly- and self-supervised learning strategies, mitigating the demand for labeled data. Both objective and subjective experiments demonstrate that our Text2Poster outperforms state-of-the-art methods, including academic research and commercial software, on the quality of generated posters.
description: 5 pages, Accepted to ICASSP 2022
SI1 from An ecological-economic model of land-use decisions, agricultural production and biocontrol
Creators: name: Martinet, V.
name: Roques, L.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Environmental Science
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Determination of parameter values for the ecological model
A Geometric Approach to Modulus Stabilization
Creators: name: Anand, Sampurn
name: Choudhury, Debajyoti
name: Sen, Anjan A.
name: SenGupta, Soumitra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Modulus stabilization, a must for explaining the hierarchy problem in the context of the Randall-Sundrum (RS) scenario, is traditionally achieved through the introduction of an extra field with {\em ad hoc} couplings. We point out that the stabilization can, instead, be achieved in a purely geometrodynamical way, with plausible quantum corrections in the gravity sector playing the key role. The size of the corrections that lead to acceptable phenomenology is also delineated.
ATEQ: Adaptive Toroidal Equilibrium code
Creators: name: Zheng, Linjin
name: Kotschenreuther, M. T.
name: Waelbroeck, F. L.
name: Todo, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A radially adaptive numerical scheme is developed to solve the Grad-Shafranov equation for axisymmetric magnetohydrodynamic equilibrium. A decomposition with independent solutions is employed in the radial direction and Fourier decomposition is used in the poloidal direction. The independent solutions are then obtained using an adaptive shooting scheme together with the multi-region matching technique in the radial direction. Accordingly, the Adaptive Toroidal Equilibrium (ATEQ) code is constructed for axisymmetric equilibrium studies. The adaptive numerical scheme in the radial direction improves considerably the accuracy of the equilibrium solution. The decomposition with independent solutions effectively reduces the matrix size in solving the magnetohydrodynamic equilibrium problem. The reduction of the matrix size is about an order of magnitude as compared with the conventional radially grid-based numerical schemes. Also, in this ATEQ numerical scheme, no matter how accuracy in the radial direction is imposed, the size of the matrices basically does not change. The small matrix size scheme gives ATEQ more flexibility to address the requirement of the number of Fourier components in the poloidal direction in the tough equilibrium problems. These two unique features, the adaptive shooting and small matrix size, make ATEQ useful to improve tokamak equilibrium solutions.
Additional file 1: of Frequency and clinical impact of CDKN2A/ARF/CDKN2B gene deletions as assessed by in-depth genetic analyses in adult T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Creators: name: E. Genescà
name: A. Lazarenkov
name: M. Morgades
name: G. Berbis
name: N. Ruíz-Xivillé
name: P. Gómez-Marzo
name: J. Ribera
name: J. Juncà
name: A. González-Pérez
name: S. Mercadal
name: R. Guardia
name: M. Artola
name: M. Moreno
name: J. Martínez-López
name: L. Zamora
name: P. Barba
name: C. Gil
name: M. Tormo
name: A. Cladera
name: A. Novo
name: M. Pratcorona
name: J. Nomdedeu
name: J. González-Campos
name: M. Almeida
name: J. Cervera
name: P. Montesinos
name: M. Batlle
name: S. Vives
name: J. Esteve
name: E. Feliu
name: F. Solé
name: A. Orfao
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Table S1. Frequency and type of CDKN2A/ARF/CDKN2B gene deletions as detected by qPCR in adult T-ALL (n = 64). Table S2. Comparison between the CNA status of the CDKN2A/ARF and CDKN2B genes in adult T-ALL as assessed by qPCR, SNP-array and iFISH techniques. Table S3. Adult T-ALL: prognostic factors for overall survival. Table S4. Adult T-ALL patient characteristics at diagnosis and follow-up. Table S5. (A) RCN values obtained for the CDKN2A/ARF and CDKN2B genes in selected samples with a 100% blast cell content. (B). Most robust cut-off values to distinguish between normal, heterozygous and homozygous genotypes. The mean and standard deviation (SD) of the values obtained in panel A are indicated for each genotype. Figure S1. Prognostic impact of the CDKN2B gene CNA status on overall survival of adult T-ALL patients (n = 62). In panel A all CDKN2B gene deletions were analyzed together, while in panel B bi-allelic and mono-allelic CDKN2B gene deletions were separately considered. Figure S2. Flowchart summarizing the HR-20011 PETHEMA treatment protocol, including the time points at which MRD assessment was performed (highlighted in red). Figure S3. Calibration curves used to calculate RCN values according to the different percentage contamination of the sample by normal (i.e. non-blastic) cells. In panel A, a pure (100% blasts) homozygous sample was mixed with different amounts of normal (2 N) DNA, as shown on the x-axis. RCN values are shown on the y-axis. In panel B a pure (100%) heterozygous sample was mixed with different amounts of normal (2 N) DNA, as shown on the x-axis; RCN values are depicted on the y-axis. (PDF 274 kb)
A framework for the architecture of exoplanetary systems. II. Nature versus nurture: Emergent formation pathways of architecture classes
Creators: name: Mishra, Lokesh
name: Alibert, Yann
name: Udry, Stéphane
name: Mordasini, Christoph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the first paper of this series, we proposed a model-independent framework for characterising the architecture of planetary systems at the system level. There are four classes of planetary system architecture: similar, mixed, anti-ordered, and ordered. In this paper, we investigate the formation pathways leading to these four architecture classes. To understand the role of nature versus nurture in sculpting the final (mass) architecture of a system, we apply our architecture framework to synthetic planetary systems -- formed via core-accretion -- using the Bern model. General patterns emerge in the formation pathways of the four architecture classes. Almost all planetary systems emerging from protoplanetary disks whose initial solid mass was less than one Jupiter mass are similar. Systems emerging from heavier disks may become mixed, anti-ordered, or ordered. Increasing dynamical interactions (planet-planet, planet-disk) tends to shift a system's architecture from mixed to anti-ordered to ordered. Our model predicts the existence of a new metallicity-architecture correlation. Similar systems have very high occurrence around low-metallicity stars. The occurrence of the anti-ordered and ordered classes increases with increasing metallicity. The occurrence of mixed architecture first increases and then decreases with increasing metallicity. In our synthetic planetary systems, the role of nature is disentangled from the role of nurture. Nature (or initial conditions) pre-determines whether the architecture of a system becomes similar; otherwise nurture influences whether a system becomes mixed, anti-ordered, or ordered. We propose the `Aryabhata formation scenario' to explain some planetary systems which host only water-rich worlds. We finish this paper with a discussion of future observational and theoretical works that may support or refute the results of this paper.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures, accepted in A&A
A Sensor-Based Empirical Framework to Measure Construction Labor Productivity
Creators: Nguyen, Phuong
Robinson Fayek, Aminah
Hamzeh, Farook
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2022

Measurement of construction labor productivity involves various subjective factors (e.g., motivation, stress, and fatigue). Most measurement approaches for subjective factors in productivity applications require manual data collection (e.g., questionnaires, interviews, and observations); therefore, research gaps exist regarding how to (1) directly measure subjective factors using data that reflect workers’ real performance at single points in time, and (2) integrate these factors into existing or new models in labor productivity applications. This paper proposes an empirical framework for integrating real-time data from multiple sensors for directly measuring subjective factors affecting labor productivity. The proposed framework, which was designed, built, and evaluated using design science research methodology, contributes to the body of knowledge as part of a longer-term study proposing an empirical framework for triangulating data from a multi-sensor system to simultaneously measure multiple subjective factors affecting labor productivity. Study outcomes will complement existing artificial intelligence, simulation, and statistical models for construction productivity applications.
Measurement of the Er c. m. =259 keV resonance in the N 14 (p,γ) O 15 reaction MEASUREMENT of the Er c. m. =259 keV
Creators: name: Howard, C.
name: Buckner, M.Q.
name: Iliadis, C.
name: Daigle, S.
name: Champagne, A.E.
name: Kelly, K.J.
Publisher: name: American Physical Society
Year: 2016

description: The N14(p,γ)O15 reaction regulates the power generated by the CN cycle and thus impacts the structure and evolution of every star at some point in its life. The lowest positive-energy resonance in this reaction is located at Erc.m.=259 keV, too high in energy to strongly influence quiescent stellar burning. However, the strength of this resonance is used as a cross-section normalization for lower-energy measurements of this reaction. We report on new measurements of the energy, strength, and γ-ray branching ratios for the 259-keV resonance, using different detection and data-analysis schemes. We have also reevaluated previous results, where possible. Our new recommended strength of ωγ=12.6(3) meV is in agreement with the previous value of 13.1(6) meV, but is more precise and thus provides a more reliable normalization for low-energy (p,γ) measurements.
The action principle for dissipative systems
Creators: name: Lazo, Matheus J.
name: Krumreich, Cesar E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the present work we redefine and generalize the action principle for dissipative systems proposed by Riewe by fixing the mathematical inconsistencies present in the original approach. In order to formulate a quadratic Lagrangian for non-conservative systems, the Lagrangian functions proposed depend on mixed integer order and fractional order derivatives. As examples, we formulate a quadratic Lagrangian for a particle under a frictional force proportional to the velocity, and to the classical problem of an accelerated point charge.
A Metadata enriched Open Data Format across Statistical Programs.
Creators: name: Saalbach, Claudia
name: Knut, Wenzig
name: Han, Xiaoyao
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: open data format, statistical software, survey methods, data management

description: In the field of social sciences, researchers often use diverse statistical software programs for data processing and analysis. However, these software programs come with specific data formats and varying ways of processing metadata. The presence of proprietary data and a multitude of partially compatible data formats hinders data re-use, posing a significant obstacle for researchers. This limitation particularly compromises the requirement for interoperability, a crucial aspect of the FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable) principles. To address this issue, this presentation introduces the concept of the Open Data Format, a solution aimed at supporting cross-software data dissemination and analysis. The Open Data Format is designed with multilingual metadata and integrated links to data portals, enabling direct access to documentation materials through the statistical software itself. Leveraging technical support, this data format can be seamlessly loaded and operated across popular statistical software, facilitating the transfer and utilization of metadata.
CopiesOfNMR from Cystargolide-based amide and ester Pz analogs as proteasome inhibitors and anti-cancer agents
Creators: name: Viera, Carlos R.
name: Stevens, Bradley T.
name: Viera, Talysa
name: Zielinski, Cameron
name: Uranga, Lee A.
name: Rogelj, Snezna
name: Patidar, Praveen L.
name: Tello-Aburto, Rodolfo
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Organic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 30306 Synthesis of Materials
subject: 30499 Medicinal and Biomolecular Chemistry not elsewhere classified
subject: 30503 Organic Chemical Synthesis

description: Traces of 1H and 13C NMR Spectra
Diffraction and near-zero transmission of flexural phonons at graphene grain boundaries
Creators: name: Helgee, Edit E.
name: Isacsson, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Graphene grain boundaries are known to affect phonon transport and thermal conductivity, suggesting that they may be used to engineer the phononic properties of graphene. Here, the effect of two buckled grain boundaries on long-wavelength flexural acoustic phonons has been investigated as a function of angle of incidence using molecular dynamics. The flexural acoustic mode has been chosen due to its importance to thermal transport. It is found that the transmission through the boundaries is strongly suppressed for incidence angles close to 35$^\circ$. Also, the grain boundaries are found to act as diffraction gratings for the phonons.
Statistical methods for thermonuclear reaction rates and nucleosynthesis simulations
Creators: name: Champagne, A.E.
name: Iliadis, C.
name: Coc, A.
name: Timmes, F.X.
name: Longland, R.
Publisher: name: Institute of Physics Publishing
Year: 2015

description: Rigorous statistical methods for estimating thermonuclear reaction rates and nucleosynthesis are becoming increasingly established in nuclear astrophysics. The main challenge being faced is that experimental reaction rates are highly complex quantities derived from a multitude of different measured nuclear parameters (e.g., astrophysical S-factors, resonance energies and strengths, particle and γ-ray partial widths). We discuss the application of the Monte Carlo method to two distinct, but related, questions. First, given a set of measured nuclear parameters, how can one best estimate the resulting thermonuclear reaction rates and associated uncertainties? Second, given a set of appropriate reaction rates, how can one best estimate the abundances from nucleosynthesis (i.e., reaction network) calculations? The techniques described here provide probability density functions that can be used to derive statistically meaningful reaction rates and final abundances for any desired coverage probability. Examples are given for applications to s-process neutron sources, core-collapse supernovae, classical novae, and Big Bang nucleosynthesis.
Supporting Information-Resubmission from Cystargolide-based amide and ester Pz analogs as proteasome inhibitors and anti-cancer agents
Creators: name: Viera, Carlos R.
name: Stevens, Bradley T.
name: Viera, Talysa
name: Zielinski, Cameron
name: Uranga, Lee A.
name: Rogelj, Snezna
name: Patidar, Praveen L.
name: Tello-Aburto, Rodolfo
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Organic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 30306 Synthesis of Materials
subject: 30499 Medicinal and Biomolecular Chemistry not elsewhere classified
subject: 30503 Organic Chemical Synthesis

description: Supporting Information - Experimental Procedures
A framework for the architecture of exoplanetary systems. I. Four classes of planetary system architecture
Creators: name: Mishra, Lokesh
name: Alibert, Yann
name: Udry, Stéphane
name: Mordasini, Christoph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a novel, model-independent framework for studying the architecture of an exoplanetary system at the system level. This framework allows us to characterise, quantify, and classify the architecture of an individual planetary system. Our aim in this endeavour is to generate a systematic method to study the arrangement and distribution of various planetary quantities within a single planetary system. We propose that the space of planetary system architectures be partitioned into four classes: similar, mixed, anti-ordered, and ordered. We applied our framework to observed and synthetic multi-planetary systems, thereby studying their architectures of mass, radius, density, core mass, and the core water mass fraction. We explored the relationships between a system's (mass) architecture and other properties. Our work suggests that: (a) similar architectures are the most common outcome of planet formation; (b) internal structure and composition of planets shows a strong link with their system architecture; (c) most systems inherit their mass architecture from their core mass architecture; (d) most planets that started inside the ice line and formed in-situ are found in systems with a similar architecture; and (e) most anti-ordered systems are expected to be rich in wet planets, while most observed mass ordered systems are expected to have many dry planets. We find, in good agreement with theory, that observations are generally biased towards the discovery of systems whose density architectures are similar, mixed, or anti-ordered. This study probes novel questions and new parameter spaces for understanding theory and observations. Future studies may utilise our framework to not only constrain the knowledge of individual planets, but also the multi-faceted architecture of an entire planetary system. We also speculate on the role of system architectures in hosting habitable worlds.
description: 28 pages, 19 figures, accepted in A&A
New recommended ωγ for the Er c. m. =458 keV resonance in Ne 22 (p,γ) Na 23
Creators: name: Champagne, A.E.
name: Kelly, K.J.
name: Buckner, M.Q.
name: Longland, R.
Publisher: name: American Physical Society
Year: 2015

description: The Erc.m.=458 keV resonance in Ne22(p,γ)Na23 is an ideal reference resonance for measurements of cross sections and resonance strengths in noble gas targets. We report on a new measurement of the strength of this resonance. Data analysis employed the TFractionFitter class of root combined with geant simulations of potential decay cascades from this resonance. This approach allowed us to extract precise primary branching ratios for decays from the resonant state, including a new primary branch to the 7082-keV state in Na23. Our new resonance strength of ωγ(458 keV) = 0.583(43) eV is more than 1σ higher than a recent high-precision result that relied on literature branching ratios.
Low energy scattering cross section ratios of N 14 (p,p) N 14
Creators: name: Görres, J.
name: Islam, M.S.
name: Manukyan, K.V.
name: Champagne, A.E.
name: Moran, M.T.
name: Wiescher, M.
name: Smith, K.
name: Deboer, R.J.
name: Leblanc, P.J.
name: Bertone, P.F.
name: Uberseder, E.
name: Tan, W.
name: Bardayan, D.W.
Publisher: name: American Physical Society
Year: 2015

description: Background: The slowest reaction in the first CNO cycle is N14(p,γ)O15, therefore its rate determines the overall energy production efficiency of the entire cycle. The cross section presents several strong resonance contributions, especially for the ground-state transition. Some of the properties of the corresponding levels in the O15 compound nucleus remain uncertain, which affects the uncertainty in extrapolating the capture cross section to the low energy range of astrophysical interest. Purpose: The N14(p,γ)O15 cross section can be described by using the phenomenological R matrix. Over the energy range of interest, only the proton and γ-ray channels are open. Since resonance capture makes significant contributions to the N14(p,γ)O15 cross section, resonant proton scattering data can be used to provide additional constraints on the R-matrix fit of the capture data. Methods: A 4 MV KN Van de Graaff accelerator was used to bombard protons onto a windowless gas target containing enriched N14 gas over the proton energy range from Ep=1.0 to 3.0 MeV. Scattered protons were detected at θlab=90, 120°, 135°, 150°, and 160° using ruggedized silicon detectors. In addition, a 10 MV FN Tandem Van de Graaff accelerator was used to accelerate protons onto a solid Adenine (C5H5N5) target, of natural isotopic abundance, evaporated onto a thin self-supporting carbon backing, over the energy range from Ep=1.8 to 4.0 MeV. Scattered protons were detected at 28 angles between θlab=30.4° and 167.7° by using silicon photodiode detectors. Results: Relative cross sections were extracted from both measurements. While the relative cross sections do not provide as much constraint as absolute measurements, they greatly reduce the dependence of the data on otherwise significant systematic uncertainties, which are more difficult to quantify. The data are fit simultaneously using an R-matrix analysis and level energies and proton widths are extracted. Even with relative measurements, the statistics and large angular coverage of the measurements result in more confident values for the energies and proton widths of several levels; in particular, the broad resonance at Ec.m.=2.21 MeV, which corresponds to the 3/2+ level at Ex=9.51 MeV in O15. In particular, the s- and d-wave angular-momentum channels are separated. Conclusion: The relative cross sections provide a consistent set of data that can be used to better constrain a full multichannel R-matrix extrapolation of the capture data. It has been demonstrated how the scattering data reduce the uncertainty through a preliminary Monte Carlo uncertainty analysis, but several other issues remain that make large contributions to the uncertainty, which must be addressed by further capture and lifetime measurements.
High-intensity-beam study of O 17 (p,γ) F 18 and thermonuclear reaction rates for O 17 +p
Creators: name: Buckner, M.Q.
name: Champagne, A.E.
name: Howard, C.
name: Longland, R.
name: Downen, L.N.
name: Cesaratto, J.M.
name: Kelly, K.J.
name: Iliadis, C.
Publisher: name: American Physical Society
Year: 2015

description: Hydrogen burning of the oxygen isotopes takes place in low-mass stars, asymptotic giant branch stars, and classical novae. Observations of oxygen elemental and isotopic abundances in stellar spectra or in presolar grains provide strong constraints for stellar models if reliable thermonuclear reaction rates for hydrogen burning of oxygen are available. We present the results of a new measurement of the 17O(p,γ)18F reaction in the laboratory bombarding energy range of 170-530 keV. The measurement is performed with significantly higher beam intensities (Imax ≈ 2 mA) compared to previous work and by employing a sophisticated γ-ray coincidence spectrometer. We measured the cross section at much lower energies than previous in-beam experiments. We also apply a novel data-analysis technique that is based on the decomposition of different contributions to the measured pulse-height spectrum. Our measured strengths of the low-energy resonances amount to ωγpres(193keV)=(1.86±0.13)×10-6 eV and ωγpres(518keV)=(13.70±0.96)×10-3 eV. For the direct capture S factor at zero energy, we find a value of SDCpres(0) = 4.82±0.41 keV b. We also present new thermonuclear rates for the 17O+p reactions, taking into account all consistent results from previous measurements.
Contextual Filters Determine Awareness: Hand AI The Toddler's Game
Creators: name: van der Erve, Marcus
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Recursive Gradient Processing (RGP)
Contextual Filters
Emergent Complexity
AI Cognition
Principle of Least Action (PoLA)

description: This second trilogy essay motivates the use of AI-supported scientific research, investigating how contextual filters shape awareness in both human cognition and AI perception. CFs act as selective mechanisms that determine what is perceived, processed, and acted upon, shaping emergent complexity across physical, biological, and cognitive domains. From early physical gradients governing energy flows to biological membranes and neural architectures that refine perception, CFs have continuously influenced how systems interact with their environments. Building on the framework of Gradient Choreographies (GCs), we explore how CFs shape awareness by filtering raw information into meaningful structure. The metaphor of a “toddler’s game” illustrates how selectivity enables intelligence while simultaneously constraining perception. Additionally, we highlight how stable patterns—akin to eigenvectors in mathematical systems—emerge from these filters, structuring awareness in both biological and artificial systems. As AI advances, its ability to design and refine CFs dynamically will redefine spontaneity, intuition, and adaptability, expanding beyond rigid classification into context-sensitive awareness. This work is the second in a trilogy: the first paper established GCs as the foundation of emergence, while this installment explores CFs as the selective forces that shape awareness. The forthcoming third paper will extend these insights into physics, proposing a paradigm in which gradients choreograph spacetime emergence, offering a unifying framework for natural and artificial intelligence.

This is a working paper—feedback, discussion, and engagement are encouraged as we refine and expand these ideas.
Additional file 11 of Sctensor detects many-to-many cell–cell interactions from single cell RNA-sequencing data
Creators: name: Tsuyuzaki, Koki
name: Ishii, Manabu
name: Nikaido, Itoshi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 11. FNR values of all binarization methods.
8g LogP and Stability. from Cystargolide-based amide and ester Pz analogs as proteasome inhibitors and anti-cancer agents
Creators: name: Viera, Carlos R.
name: Stevens, Bradley T.
name: Viera, Talysa
name: Zielinski, Cameron
name: Uranga, Lee A.
name: Rogelj, Snezna
name: Patidar, Praveen L.
name: Tello-Aburto, Rodolfo
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Organic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 30306 Synthesis of Materials
subject: 30499 Medicinal and Biomolecular Chemistry not elsewhere classified
subject: 30503 Organic Chemical Synthesis

description: Experimental Solubility and Stability Study
Weak chord-arc curves and double-dome quasisymmetric spheres
Creators: name: Vellis, Vyron
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 30C65, 30C62

description: Let $Ω$ be a planar Jordan domain and $α>0$. We consider double-dome-like surfaces $Σ(Ω,t^α)$ over $\overlineΩ$ where the height of the surface over any point $x\in\overlineΩ$ equals $\text{dist}(x,\partialΩ)^α$. We identify the necessary and sufficient conditions in terms of $Ω$ and $α$ so that these surfaces are quasisymmetric to $\mathbb{S}^2$ and we show that $Σ(Ω,t^α)$ is quasisymmetric to the unit sphere $\mathbb{S}^2$ if and only if it is linearly locally connected and Ahlfors $2$-regular.
New simultaneous methods for finding all zeros of a polynomial
Creators: name: Song, Jun-Seop
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65H04, 65H05

description: The purpose of this paper is to present three new methods for finding all simple zeros of polynomials simultaneously. First, we give a new method for finding simultaneously all simple zeros of polynomials constructed by applying the Weierstrass method to the zero in the trapezoidal Newton's method, and prove the convergence of the method. We also present two modified Newton's methods combined with the derivative-free method, which are constructed by applying the derivative-free method to the zero in the trapezoidal Newton's method and the midpoint Newton's method, respectively. Finally, we give a numerical comparison between various simultaneous methods for finding zeros of a polynomial.
description: 12 pages
Additional file 12 of Sctensor detects many-to-many cell–cell interactions from single cell RNA-sequencing data
Creators: name: Tsuyuzaki, Koki
name: Ishii, Manabu
name: Nikaido, Itoshi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 12. TR of all datasets.
Photometric variable stars in the young open cluster NGC 6823
Creators: name: Lata, Sneh
name: Chen, W. P.
name: Pandey, J. C.
name: Dileep, Athul
name: Ai, Zhong-Han
name: Hojaev, Alisher S.
name: Panwar, Neelam
name: Joshi, Santosh
name: Mondal, Soumen
name: Biswas, Siddhartha
name: Bhatt, B. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present stellar variability towards the young open cluster NGC\,6823. Time series $V$- and $I$-band CCD photometry led to identification and characterization of 88 variable stars, of which only 14 have been previously recognized. We ascertain the membership of each variable with optical $UBVI$ and infrared photometry, and with Gaia EDR3 parallax and proper motion data. Seventy two variable stars are found to be cluster members, of which 25 are main sequence stars and 48 are pre-main-sequence stars. The probable cluster members collectively suggest an isochrone age of the cluster to be about 2~Myrs based on the GAIA photometry. With the color and magnitude, as well as the shape of the light curve, we have classified the main sequence variables into $β$~Cep, $δ$~Scuti, slowly pulsating B type, and new class variables. Among the pre-main-sequence variables, eight are classical T Tauri variables, and four are Herbig Ae/Be objects, whereas the remaining belong to the weak-lined T Tauri population. The variable nature of 32 stars is validated with TESS light curves. Our work provides refined classification of variability of pre-main-sequence and main-sequence cluster members of the active star-forming complex, Sharpless\,86. Despite no strong evidence of the disk-locking mechanism in the present sample of TTSs, one TTS with larger $Δ(I-K)$ is found to be slow rotator.
description: 19 pages, 19 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Supplemental Material for Saitou, Satta, and Gokcumen, 2018
Creators: name: Saitou, Marie
name: Satta, Yoko
name: Gokcumen, Omer
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 60408 Genomics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 60401 Anthropological Genetics

description: Supplementary Files
Nuclear astrophysics in the laboratory and in the universe
Creators: name: Iliadis, C.
name: Champagne, A.E.
name: Longland, R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Nuclear processes drive stellar evolution and so nuclear physics, stellar models and observations together allow us to describe the inner workings of stars and their life stories. This Information on nuclear reaction rates and nuclear properties are critical ingredients in addressing most questions in astrophysics and often the nuclear database is incomplete or lacking the needed precision. Direct measurements of astrophysically-interesting reactions are necessary and the experimental focus is on improving both sensitivity and precision. In the following, we review recent results and approaches taken at the Laboratory for Experimental Nuclear Astrophysics (LENA, http://research. physics.unc.edu/project/nuclearastro/Welcome.html).
Supplementary material: Chemical structures and estimated docking scores; Toxicity reports; Estimated docking scores; Values of molecular docking of nine conformations. from Identification of promising anti-EBOV inhibitors: de novo drug design, molecular docking and molecular dynamics studies
Creators: name: Mohamed, Eslam A. R.
name: Abdelwahab, Sayed F.
name: Alqaisi, Ahmad M.
name: Nasr, Amaal Mohammed Salih
name: Hassan, Heba Ali
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computational Biology
subject: 30799 Theoretical and Computational Chemistry not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Fig. S1: Chemical structures of BCX4430 and the studied one hundred compounds and Estimated docking scores (in kcal/mol) for BCX4430 and the retrieved drugs against EBOVVP24. Fig. S2: Toxicity reports for BCX4430 and two molecules under study. Table S1: Estimated docking scores (in kcal/mol) for BCX4430 and the retrieved drugs against EBOVVP24. Table S2: Values of molecular docking of nine conformations (in kcal/mol) for BCX4430 and best ten anti-EBOVVP24.
Light curve solutions of the ultrashort-period $Kepler$ binaries
Creators: name: Kjurkchieva, Diana
name: Dimitrov, Dinko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We carried out light curve solutions of the ultrashort-period binaries with MS components observed by $Kepler$. All six targets turned out almost in thermal contact with contact or slightly overcontact configurations. Two of them, KID 4921906 and KID 6309193, are not eclipsing but reveal ellipsoidal and spot variability. One of the components of KID 8108785 exhibits inherent, quasi-sinusoidal, small-amplitude variability. KID 12055255 turned out a very rare case of ultrashort-period overcontact binary consisting of two M dwarfs. Our modeling indicated that the variability of KID 9532219 is due to eclipses but not to $δ$ Sct pulsations as it was previously supposed.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures, 3 tables, accepted for publication in Astron. Nachrichten
Superluminous Supernovae Powered by Magnetars: Late-time Light Curves and Hard Emission Leakage
Creators: name: Wang, S. Q.
name: Wang, L. J.
name: Dai, Z. G.
name: Wu, X. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, researches performed by two groups have revealed that the magnetar spin-down energy injection model with full energy trapping can explain the early-time light curves of SN 2010gx, SN 2013dg, LSQ12dlf, SSS120810 and CSS121015, but fails to fit the late-time light curves of these Superluminous Supernovae (SLSNe). These results imply that the original magnetar-powered model is challenged in explaining these SLSNe. Our paper aims to simultaneously explain both the early- and late-time data/upper limits by considering the leakage of hard emissions. We incorporate quantitatively the leakage effect into the original magnetar-powered model and derive a new semi-analytical equation. Comparing the light curves reproduced by our revised magnetar-powered model to the observed data and/or upper limits of these five SLSNe, we found that the late-time light curves reproduced by our semi-analytical equation are in good agreement with the late-time observed data and/or upper limits of SN 2010gx, CSS121015, SN 2013dg and LSQ12dlf and the late-time excess of SSS120810, indicating that the magnetar-powered model might be responsible for these SLSNe and that the gamma ray and X-ray leakage are unavoidable when the hard photons were down-Comptonized to softer photons. To determine the details of the leakage effect and unveil the nature of SLSNe, more high quality bolometric light curves and spectra of SLSNe are required.
description: 24 pages, 5 figures, 1 table, accepted for publication in ApJ
Review and experiments on nuclear astrophysics
Creators: name: Iliadis, C.
name: Champagne, A.
Publisher: name: Sissa Medialab Srl
Year: 2014

description: We will present the basic fundamental ideas regarding nuclear processes occurring in stars. Starting from stellar observations, we will elaborate on some important quantum-mechanical phenomena governing nuclear reactions, will then continue with how nuclear reactions proceed in a hot stellar plasma, and then provide an overview of hydrostatic stellar burning stages. Furthermore, we will discuss direct measurements of nuclear reactions that are important for stellar burning.
Measurement of the e r c.m. = 138 keV resonance in the 23 Na(p, γ) 24 Mg reaction and the abundance of sodium in AGB stars
Creators: name: Buckner, M.Q.
name: Daigle, S.
name: Longland, R.
name: Champagne, A.E.
name: Newton, J.R.
name: Iliadis, C.
name: Clegg, T.B.
name: Cesaratto, J.M.
name: Oginni, B.M.
name: Howard, C.
Publisher: name: American Physical Society
Year: 2013

description: Globular clusters represent some of the oldest stellar aggregations in the universe. As such, they are used as testing grounds for theories of stellar evolution and nucleosynthesis. Astronomical observations have shown star-to-star abundance variations in light-mass elements in all galactic globular clusters that are not predicted by standard stellar evolution models. In particular, there exists a pronounced anticorrelation between Na and O in the cluster stars that is not observed in field stars of similar evolutionary state. The abundance of Na is regulated in part by the 23Na+p reaction, which is also a bridge between the NeNa and the MgAl mass regions, but the 23Na(p,γ)24Mg reaction rate is very uncertain for burning temperatures relevant to stars on the red giant and asymptotic giant branches. This uncertainty arises from an expected but unobserved resonance at Erc.m. = 138 keV. The resonance strength upper limit has been determined to be ωγUL(138 keV) ≤5.17×10-9 eV with indications of a signal at the 90% confidence level. New reaction rates have been calculated for the 23Na(p,γ)24Mg and 23Na(p,α)20Ne reactions and the recommended value for the 23Na(p,γ)24Mg rate has been reduced by over an order of magnitude at T9 = 0.07. This will have implications for the processing of material between the NeNa and MgAl mass regions.
Fisher zeros of a unitary Bose gas
Creators: name: van Dijk, Wytse
name: Lobo, Calvin
name: MacDonald, Alison
name: Bhaduri, Rajat K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For real inverse temperature beta, the canonical partition function is always positive, being a sum of positive terms. There are zeros, however, on the complex beta plane that are called Fisher zeros. In the thermodynamic limit, the Fisher zeros coalesce into continuous curves. In case there is a phase transition, the zeros tend to pinch the real-beta axis. For an ideal trapped Bose gas in an isotropic three-dimensional harmonic oscillator, this tendency is clearly seen, signalling Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC). The calculation can be formulated exactly in terms of the virial expansion with temperature-dependent virial coefficients. When the second virial coefficient of a strongly interacting attractive unitary gas is included in the calculation, BEC seems to survive, with the condensation temperature shifted to a lower value for the unitary gas. This shift is consistent with a direct calculation of the heat capacity from the canonical partition function of the ideal and the unitary gas.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures
Improved thermonuclear reaction rate for 18O(p,γ) 19F
Creators: name: Howard, C.
name: Iliadis, C.
name: Clegg, T.B.
name: Cesaratto, J.M.
name: Champagne, A.E.
name: Daigle, S.
name: Buckner, M.Q.
Publisher: name: Sissa Medialab Srl
Year: 2012

description: For 0.8 Mȯ ≤ M ≤ 8.0 Mȯ stars, the final phase of nucleosynthesis occurs during the asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stage. Grain condensation and significant mass loss transpires during this stellar evolutionary period, and presolar grains recovered from comet and meteorite samples can often be attributed to this unique stellar environment. A subset of presolar oxide grain specimens exhibit dramatic 18O depletion that cannot be explained by standard AGB stellar burning stages and dredge-up models. An extra mixing process, referred to as cool bottom processing (CBP), was proposed for low-mass AGB stars to explain similar isotopic anomalies. The 18O depletion observed within certain stellar environments and within presolar grain samples may result from the 18O+p processes during CBP, and we report here on a study of the 18O(p,γ)19F reaction at low energies. The (p,γ) reaction rate at low temperatures was found to not be affected by a low-energy, unobserved, narrow resonance-ElabR = 95 keV-near the CBP Gamow peak. A new strength upper limit measurement was performed at TUNL's Laboratory for Experimental Nuclear Astrophysics, and an improved reaction rate was calculated. In addition, non-resonant cross section and astrophysical S-factor upper limits were measured at low bombarding energies.
Electron heating and radiation in high aspect ratio sub-micron plasma generated by an ultrafast Bessel pulse within a solid dielectric
Creators: name: Ardaneh, Kazem
name: Giust, Remo
name: Charpin, Pierre-Jean
name: Morel, Benoit
name: Courvoisier, Francois
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When propagating inside dielectrics, an ultrafast Bessel beam creates a high aspect-ratio cylinder of plasma with nanometric diameter that extends over several tens of micrometers to centimeters. We analyze the interaction between the intense ultrafast laser pulse and the plasma rod using particle-in-cell simulations. We show that electrons are heated and accelerated up to keV energies via transit acceleration inside the resonance lobes in the vicinity of the critical surface and compute their radiation pattern.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures. The European Physical Journal Special Topics (2022)