cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Flat-Bands-Enabled Triplet Excitonic Insulator in a Di-atomic Kagome Lattice
Creators: name: Sethi, Gurjyot
name: Zhou, Yinong
name: Zhu, Linghan
name: Yang, Li
name: Liu, Feng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The excitonic insulator (EI) state is a strongly correlated many-body ground state, arising from an instability in the band structure towards exciton formation. We show that the flat valence and conduction bands of a semiconducting diatomic Kagome lattice, as exemplified in a superatomic graphene lattice, can possibly conspire to enable an interesting triplet EI state, based on density functional theory (DFT) calculations combined with many-body GW and Bethe-Salpeter Equation(BSE). Our results indicate that massive carriers in flat bands with highly localized electron and hole wavefunctions significantly reduce the screening and enhance the exchange interaction, leading to an unusually large triplet exciton binding energy (~1.1 eV) exceeding the GW band gap by ~0.2 eV and a large singlet-triplet splitting of ~0.4 eV. Our findings enrich once again the intriguing physics of flat bands and extend the scope of EI materials.
Ni Schottky barrier on heavily doped phosphorous implanted 4H-SiC
Creators: name: Vivona, Marilena
name: Greco, Giuseppe
name: Spera, Monia
name: Fiorenza, Patrick
name: Giannazzo, Filippo
name: La Magna, Antonino
name: Roccaforte, Fabrizio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The electrical behavior of Ni Schottky barrier formed onto heavily doped (ND>1019 cm-3) n-type phosphorous implanted silicon carbide (4H-SiC) was investigated, with a focus on the current transport mechanisms in both forward and reverse bias. The forward current-voltage characterization of Schottky diodes showed that the predominant current transport is a thermionic-field emission mechanism. On the other hand, the reverse bias characteristics could not be described by a unique mechanism. In fact, under moderate reverse bias, implantation-induced damage is responsible for the temperature increase of the leakage current, while a pure field emission mechanism is approached with bias increasing. The potential application of metal/4H-SiC contacts on heavily doped layers in real devices are discussed.
The lucky ones
Creators: name: Reed, Abigail
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2021

description: The Lucky Ones is a coming-of-age novel set in the near future, when the seas have risen and hurricanes are no longer limited to a season. No one goes to Gull Island anymore. Wealthy summer people have abandoned this once bustling Jersey Shore town, and only the most stubborn long-time residents have refused to leave this shrinking island. Tallie Koilor-Kitterman’s parents refused to leave, and Tallie grew up knowing that her town was drowning. Now nineteen-years-old, Tallie was thrilled to escape to college in Manhattan, where frivolity and leisure are still possible. But as another hurricane bears down on the coast, Tallie returns to her family on Gull Island. Tallie finds much of the island under the control of a reclusive wealth manager, who flouts the state-wide prohibition on surfing and seems strangely eager for the flood. The hurricane strands Tallie’s family on Gull Island. As they wade through the ruins of their island, they begin to suspect they are not alone. Those who remain must begin again, learn to survive together, and find beauty in what remains.
Semisimplicity and global dimension of a finite von Neumann algebra
Creators: name: Vas, Lia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 16W99, 46L10, 46L99, 16K99

description: We prove that a finite von Neumann algebra ${\mathcal A}$ is semisimple if the algebra of affiliated operators ${\mathcal U}$ of ${\mathcal A}$ is semisimple. When ${\mathcal A}$ is not semisimple, we give the upper and lower bounds for the global dimensions of ${\mathcal A}$ and ${\mathcal U}.$ This last result requires the use of the Continuum Hypothesis.
Limits on long-time-scale radio transients at 150 MHz using the TGSS ADR1 and LoTSS DR2 catalogues
Creators: name: de Ruiter, Iris
name: Leseigneur, Guillaume
name: Rowlinson, Antonia
name: Wijers, Ralph A. M. J.
name: Drabent, Alexander
name: Intema, Huib T.
name: Shimwell, Timothy W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a search for transient radio sources on timescales of 2 to 9 yr at 150 MHz. This search is conducted by comparing the first Alternative Data Release of the TIFR GMRT Sky Survey (TGSS ADR1) and the second data release of the LOFAR Two-metre Sky Survey (LoTSS DR2). The overlapping survey area covers 5570 $\rm{deg}^2$ on the sky, or 14 per cent of the total sky. We introduce a method to compare the source catalogues that involves a pair match of sources, a flux density cutoff to meet the survey completeness limit and a newly developed compactness criterion. This method is used to identify both transient candidates in the TGSS source catalogue that have no counterpart in the LoTSS catalogue and transient candidates in LoTSS without a counterpart in TGSS. We find that imaging artefacts and uncertainties and variations in the flux density scales complicate the transient search. Our method to search for transients by comparing two different surveys, while taking into account imaging artefacts around bright sources and misaligned flux scales between surveys, is universally applicable to future radio transient searches. No transient sources were identified, but we are able to place an upper limit on the transient surface density of $<5.4 \cdot 10^{-4}\ \text{deg}^{-2}$ at 150 MHz for compact sources with an integrated flux density over 100 mJy. Here we define a transient as a compact source with flux density greater than 100 mJy that appears in the catalogue of one survey without a counterpart in the other survey.
description: 14 pages, 11 figures
Omega-3 fatty acids in mental and neurological development
Creators: name: Lakkana Rerksuppaphol, Sanguansak Rerksuppaphol
Publisher: name: Faculty of Medicine,Srinakharinwirot University
Year: 2011
Subjects: Omega-3 fatty acids, DHA, EPA,mental, neurological development

description: 2, 18, Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences
Differentiability of torsion theories
Creators: name: Vas, Lia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 16S90, 16W25

description: We prove that every perfect torsion theory for a ring $R$ is differential (in the sense of [P. E. Bland, Differential torsion theory, Journal of Pure and Applied Algebra 204 (2006) 1 -- 8]). In this case, we construct the extension of a derivation of a right $R$-module $M$ to a derivation of the module of quotients of $M$. Then, we prove that the Lambek and Goldie torsion theories for any $R$ are differential.
Detection of malignancy associated changes in cervical cell nuclei using feed-forward neural networks
Creators: name: Kemp, Roger
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: It has been recognized that normal cells in the presence of a precancerous lesion undergo subtle changes that affect the DNA distribution in their nuclei. These changes have been termed Malignancy Associated Changes (MACs). This thesis examines the design of a classifier that separates normal slides from slides containing MACs in the presence of a severely dysplastic lesion. Classifiers were designed using discrimiriant functions and feed-forward neural net works with various structures. The discriminant function correctly separated MACs from normal cells with a classification rate of 61.6% for a 16904 cell test set. Neural network classifiers were able to achieve up to 72.5% separation for this cell-by-cell classification task when four hidden units were used. Using more than four hidden units led to a decline ill the test set performaice. The slide-by-slide classification rates were calculated for each classifier based on the distribution of classifier values for the cells on each slide. The discriminant function scored 695% on the test set containing 197 slides. The neural network classifiers all scored between 74% and 77% when used for slide-by-slide classification.
The medicolegal workload of interns graduating from faculty of medicine, Srinakharinwirot University in the first year internship training program
Creators: name: Warataporn Sithicharoon
Publisher: name: Faculty of Medicine,Srinakharinwirot University
Year: 2011
Subjects: medicolegal workload, forensic medicine, internship training program.

description: 2, 18, Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences
Ρεολογική μελέτη πηκτωματοποιητικών ιδιοτήτων υδατικού εκχυλίσματος από φύτρο αραβοσίτου
Creators: name: Λεοντάρη, Αικατερίνη Χαραλάμπου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2018
Subjects: Υδατικό εκχύλισμα φύτρου αραβοσίτου
Ελαιοσώματα
Πηκτές
Maize germ aqueous extract
Oil bodies
Gels

description: Το αντικείμενο αυτής της εργασίας είναι η παραλαβή ενός υδατικού εκχυλίσματος φύτρου αραβοσίτου, υποπροϊόντος της βιομηχανίας, και να μελετηθεί η πηκτωματοποιητική συμπεριφορά των συστατικών του (κυρίως ελαιοσωμάτων και πρωτεϊνών) με ή χωρίς προηγούμενη όξινη καταβύθιση και κρυοξήρανση. Τα στερεά εξετάστηκαν ως προς την περιεκτικότητα σε υγρασία, πρωτεΐνη, λίπος και τέφρα, καθώς επίσης μελετήθηκε και το μέγεθος των σταγονιδίων. Η έρευνα διεξήχθη με εφαρμογή ρεομετρίας σε αιωρήματα των αφυδατωμένων υλικών σε νερό σε διάφορες συγκεντρώσεις και καταγραφή των συντελεστών αποθήκευσης και απώλειας σε συνάρτηση με τη θερμοκρασία και το χρόνο. Τα παρασκευάσματα εμφάνισαν ιδιότητες πηκτής ακόμη και σε σχετικά χαμηλές συγκεντρώσεις. Από τη ρεολογική μελέτη μιγμάτων των στερεών με άλλα πρωτεϊνικά υλικά (π.χ., ζελατίνη ή άσπρο του αυγού) θεωρήθηκε ότι τα ελαιοσώματα, τα οποία αποτελούσαν το κύριο συστατικό του εκχυλισμένου υλικού, μπορούν να λειτουργήσουν ως ενεργά πληρωτικά υλικά της πρωτεϊνικής μήτρας στο προκύπτον σύνθετο πήκτωμα. Η μικροδομή όλων των παρασκευασμάτων εξετάστηκε χρησιμοποιώντας το ομοεστιακό μικροσκόπιο σάρωσης με λέιζερ (CLSM). Συμπερασματικά, το εκχυλισμένο υλικό από φύτρο αραβοσίτου έχει σημαντικές ιδιότητες πηκτωματοποίησης και μπορεί να συμμετέχει στην παρασκευή σύνθετων πηκτωμάτων. Έτσι, ο αραβόσιτος μπορεί να χρησιμοποιηθεί στην παρασκευή προϊόντων τύπου κρέμας, ζελέ ή σύνθετων στερεών προϊόντων όπως κέικ κ.λπ.
description: The subject of this work is to obtain an aqueous extract of maize germ, a by-product of the industry, and to study the gelling behavior of the components (mainly oil bodies and proteins) which were extracted from the suspension with or without acid precipitation and freeze-drying. Solids are tested for moisture, protein, fat and ash content, and also the droplet size. The investigation was carried out by applying rheometry on suspensions of the dehydrated materials in water, at various concentrations, and recording the storage and loss modulus in relation to temperature and time. Suspensions of solids exhibited gel properties even at relatively low concentrations. From the rheological study of mixtures of the extracted solids with other protein materials (e.g., gelatin or egg white) it was hypothesized that the oil bodies, which constituted the main ingredient of the extracted material, may function as active fillers of the protein matrix of the resulting composite gel. The microstructure of all preparations was tested using the Confocal Laser Scanning Microscope (CLSM). It is concluded that the extracted material from maize germ has important gelling properties and may participate in the preparation of composite gels. So, corn germ can be utilized in the preparation of products such as creams, jelly-type products or mixed solid products, for example cake etc.
The role of socio-economic factors responsible for non-compliance of directly observed treatment short-course among tuberculosis patients
Creators: name: Md. Salahuddin Ansari, Khalid Umar Khayyam, Manju Sharma, Faisal Imam, Digamber Behera
Publisher: name: Faculty of Medicine,Srinakharinwirot University
Year: 2011
Subjects: Tuberculosis, non-Compliance, adherence, DOTS, treatment outcome.

description: 2, 18, Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences
Self-Assembled Graphene Oxide Hydrogels for Tissue Engineering Applications
Creators: name: Επιτροπάκη, Ειρήνη Σπυρίδωνα
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2018
Subjects: Graphene Oxide
Hydrogels
Tissue Engineering
Οξειδίου του Γραφενίου
Υδρογέλες
Μηχανική Ιστών

description: In this work several types of inorganic nanoparticles such as CeO2, SiO2, TiO2 and ZnO have been studied in terms of chemical composition, size, shape and crystallinity. Furthermore, GO flakes were studied as well to examine similar characteristics. GO flakes were further used for the production of scaffolds for tissue engineering applications. Self-assembled GO hydrogels using the one-step hydrothermal reaction method were produced. The produced hydrogels, were fabricated under different incubation times and were subjected to mechanical, structural and chemical characterization. Finally, a preliminary cell study was conducted using 3T3 fibroblasts in order to examine the cellular compatibility and the interaction of the hydrogels with the specific cell line. The results indicated that such hydrogels were stable in cell culture media, and their mechanical properties and structure are strongly dependent on the incubation time. Finally, the hydrogels used for the cell study appeared to support cell attachment and proliferation suggesting that they are favorable for tissue engineering applications.
description: Στην παρούσα εργασία διάφοροι τύποι ανόργανων νανοσωματιδίων όπως το CeO2, SiO2, TiO2 και το ZnO μελετήθηκαν ως προς τη χημική τους σύνθεση, το μέγεθός τους ,το σχήμα τους και την κρυσταλλικότητα τους. Επιπλέον, σε νιφάδες οξειδίου του γραφενίου εξετάστηκαν παρόμοια χαρακτηριστικά. Οι νιφάδες οξειδίου του γραφενίου χρησιμοποιήθηκαν περετέρω για κατασκευή ικριωμάτων για εφαρμογές στη μηχανική ιστών. Αυτο-οργανωμένες υδρογέλες οξειδίου του γραφενίου παράχθηκαν χρησιμοποιώντας την μέθοδο της υδροθερμικής αναγωγής ενός βήματος. Οι υδρογέλες κατασκευάστηκαν υπο διαφορετικές αναγωγικές ώρες και υποβλήθηκαν σε μηχανικό, δομικό και χημικό χαρακτηρισμό. Τέλος, μια προκαταρκτική κυτταρική μελέτη διεξάχθηκε χρησιμοποιώντας, 3Τ3 ινοβλάστες ώστε να εξεταστεί η κυτταρική τους συμβατότητα και η αλληλεπίδρασή τους με την συγκεκριμένη κυτταρική σειρά. Τα αποτελέσματα υποδεικνύουν οτί οι συγκεκριμένες υδρογέλες ήταν σταθερές σε θρεπτικό υλικό κυττάρων, και οι μηχανικές τους και δομικές τους ιδιότητες εξαρτώνται από τον χρόνο αναγωγής. Τελικά, οι υδρογέλες οξειδίου του γραφενίου που χρησιμοποιήθηκαν στην κυτταρική μελέτη, εμφανίζονται να υποστηρίζουν την κυτταρική προσκόλληση και ανάπτυξη, υποδηλώνοντας ότι είναι ευνοϊκές για εφαρμογές στη μηχανική ιστών.
Proximity of antiferromagnetism and superconductivity in LaO$_{1-x}$F$_x$FeAs: effective Hamiltonian from ab initio studies
Creators: name: Cao, Chao
name: Hirschfeld, P. J.
name: Cheng, Hai-Ping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report density functional theory calculations for the parent compound LaOFeAs of the newly discovered 26K Fe-based superconductor LaO$_{1-x}$F$_x$FeAs. We find that the ground state is an ordered antiferromagnet, with staggered moment about 2.3$μ_B$, on the border with the Mott insulating state. We fit the bands crossing the Fermi surface, derived from Fe and As, to a tight-binding Hamiltonian using maximally localized Wannier functions on Fe 3d and As 4p orbitals. The model Hamiltonian accurately describes the Fermi surface obtained via first-principles calculations. Due to the evident proximity of superconductivity to antiferromagnetism and the Mott transition, we suggest that the system may be an analog of the electron doped cuprates, where antiferromagnetism and superconductivity coexist.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures
The HII Region of a Primordial Star
Creators: name: Abel, Tom
name: Wise, John H.
name: Bryan, Greg L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The concordance model of cosmology and structure formation predicts the formation of isolated very massive stars at high redshifts in dark matter dominated halos of 10^5 to 10^6 Msun. These stars photo-ionize their host primordial molecular clouds, expelling all the baryons from their halos. When the stars die, a relic HII region is formed within which large amounts of molecular hydrogen form which will allow the gas to cool efficiently when gravity assembles it into larger dark matter halos. The filaments surrounding the first star hosting halo are largely shielded and provide the pathway for gas to stream into the halo when the star has died. We present the first fully three dimensional cosmological radiation hydrodynamical simulations that follow all these effects. A novel adaptive ray casting technique incorporates the time dependent radiative transfer around point sources. This approach is fast enough so that radiation transport, kinetic rate equations, and hydrodynamics are solved self-consistently. It retains the time derivative of the transfer equation and is explicitly photon conserving. This method is integrated with the cosmological adaptive mesh refinement code enzo, and runs on distributed and shared memory parallel architectures. Where applicable the three dimensional calculation not only confirm expectations from earlier one dimensional results but also illustrate the multi-fold hydrodynamic complexities of HII regions. In the absence of stellar winds the circumstellar environments of the first supernovae and putative early gamma-ray bursts will be of low density ~1 cm^-3. Albeit marginally resolved, ionization front instabilities lead to cometary and elephant trunk like small scale structures reminiscent of nearby star forming regions.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures. Submitted to ApJL 09 April 2006. Revised manuscript. Comments welcome. Supplementary information and animations at http://www.slac.stanford.edu/~jwise/research/RT1/
Οι επιπτώσεις της μετάβασης στα διεθνή λογιστικά πρότυπα και οι συνέπειες της κρίσης μέσα από τα οικονομικά στοιχεία των ελληνικών επιχειρήσεων
Creators: name: Τσιακλάγκανος, Παρασκευάς Μηνά
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2018
Subjects: Διεθνή Λογιστικά Πρότυπα
Διεθνή Πρότυπα Χρηματοοικονομικής Πληροφόρησης
Συνέπειες της Οικονομικής Κρίσης
International Accounting Standards
International Financial Reporting Standards
Global Financial Crisis

description: Η παρούσα εργασία αφορά την επίδραση τόσο της μετάβασης από τα ελληνικά (Ελληνικό Γενικό Λογιστικό Σχέδιο) στα διεθνή λογιστικά πρότυπα, όσο και την επίδραση που είχε η διεθνής χρηματοπιστωτική κρίση στις οικονομικές καταστάσεις των ελληνικών επιχειρήσεων. Η μελέτη γίνεται μέσα από την επεξεργασία των οικονομικών στοιχείων των επιχειρήσεων, όπως αυτά αποκτήθηκαν από την ηλεκτρονική βάση της ICAP. Από τα στοιχεία αυτά εξήχθησαν οι οικονομικοί αριθμοδείκτες, στους οποίους έγινε και η επεξεργασία μέσω του SPSS, προκειμένου να εξαχθούν τα συμπεράσματα της παρούσας εργασίας. Συγκεκριμένα, η στατιστική επεξεργασία προκειμένου να μελετηθούν οι συνέπειες της μετάβασης στο νέο σύστημα Λογιστικών Προτύπων έγινε για τρία ζεύγη χρονικών περιόδων: • [2001-2004 (ΕΛΠ)] - [2004(ΔΛΠ)-2008] • 2004(ΕΛΠ) - 2004(ΔΛΠ) • 2004(ΔΛΠ) – 2005 Στη συνέχεια μελετήθηκε η μεταβολή των αριθμοδεικτών ανάμεσα στις περιόδους πριν (2004-2008) και κατά τη διάρκεια (2009-2014) της οικονομικής κρίσης. Μέσα από τη μελέτη της μεταβολής των αριθμοδεικτών κατά τη διάρκεια της κρίσης διαπιστώθηκε η αναμενόμενη συμπεριφορά σε καιρό κρίσης, η μεταστροφή δηλαδή των ελληνικών επιχειρήσεων στη συντήρηση και την εσωστρέφεια, προκειμένου να προφυλαχθούν από τη δριμεία οικονομική κατάσταση.
description: The object of this thesis is dual: First, to study the effects that the transition from the Greek Accounting System(GAS) to the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) had on the finance of Greek businesses. This is achieved through the study of the reported financial information of 90 Stock Market listed companies, as acquired from the ICAP database. Data process took place with the use of IBM SPSS. More specifically, we studied financial data for three periods: • [2001-2004 (GAS)] - [2004(IFRS)-2008] • 2004(GAS) - 2004(IFRS) • 2004(IFRS) – 2005 Second, we studied the changes on finance indicators through periods before (2004-2008) and after (2009-2014) the global economic crisis began to have an effect on Greek economy. We found the expected behavior in times of economic crises, i.e. a turn to more conservative, introvert practices, in order to guard against the dire economic situation.
Nonlinear Stability in the Generalised Photogravitational Restricted Three Body Problem with Poynting-Robertson Drag
Creators: name: Kushvah, B. S.
name: Sharma, J. P.
name: Ishwar, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 70F15

description: The Nonlinear stability of triangular equilibrium points has been discussed in the generalised photogravitational restricted three body problem with Poynting-Robertson drag. The problem is generalised in the sense that smaller primary is supposed to be an oblate spheroid. The bigger primary is considered as radiating. We have performed first and second order normalization of the Hamiltonian of the problem. We have applied KAM theorem to examine the condition of non-linear stability. We have found three critical mass ratios. Finally we conclude that triangular points are stable in the nonlinear sense except three critical mass ratios at which KAM theorem fails.
description: Including Poynting-Robertson Drag the triangular equilibrium points are stable in the nonlinear sense except three critical mass ratios at which KAM theorem fails
Evaluating the phase diagram of superconductors with asymmetric spin populations
Creators: name: Mannarelli, Massimo
name: Nardulli, Giuseppe
name: Ruggieri, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The phase diagram of a non-relativistic fermionic system with imbalanced state populations interacting via a short-range S-wave attractive interaction is analyzed in the mean field approximation. We determine the energetically favored state for different values of the mismatch between the two Fermi spheres in the weak and strong coupling regime considering both homogeneous and non-homogeneous superconductive states. We find that the homogeneous superconductive phase persists for values of the population imbalance that increase with increasing coupling strength. In the strong coupling regime and for large population differences the energetically stable homogeneous phase is characterized by one gapless mode. We also find that the inhomogeneous superconductive phase characterized by the condensate $Δ({\bf x}) \sim Δ~\exp{(i \bf{q \cdot x})}$ is energetically favored in a range of values of the chemical potential mismatch that shrinks to zero in the strong coupling regime.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures
Significant Otter: Understanding the Role of Biosignals in Communication
Creators: name: Liu, Fannie
name: Park, Chunjong
name: Tham, Yu Jiang
name: Tsai, Tsung-Yu
name: Dabbish, Laura
name: Kaufman, Geoff
name: Monroy-Hernández, Andrés
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: With the growing ubiquity of wearable devices, sensed physiological responses provide new means to connect with others. While recent research demonstrates the expressive potential for biosignals, the value of sharing these personal data remains unclear. To understand their role in communication, we created Significant Otter, an Apple Watch/iPhone app that enables romantic partners to share and respond to each other's biosignals in the form of animated otter avatars. In a one-month study with 20 couples, participants used Significant Otter with biosignals sensing OFF and ON. We found that while sensing OFF enabled couples to keep in touch, sensing ON enabled easier and more authentic communication that fostered social connection. However, the addition of biosignals introduced concerns about autonomy and agency over the messages they sent. We discuss design implications and future directions for communication systems that recommend messages based on biosignals.
description: CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '21), May 8--13, 2021, Yokohama, Japan
Additional file 1 of Identifying altered developmental pathways in human globoid cell leukodystrophy iPSCs-derived NSCs using transcriptome profiling
Creators: name: Lv, Yafeng
name: Qin, Yu
name: Wang, Jing
name: Tian, Guoshuai
name: Wang, Wei
name: Cao, Chunyu
name: Zhang, Ye
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Table S1. Antibodies used for immunocytochemistry.
Shedding light on flavour symmetries with rare decays of quarks and leptons
Creators: name: Isidori, Gino
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The impact of rare lepton decays ($μ\to e γ$, $τ\to μγ$, >...) and rare $B$ and $K$ decays ($B\to \ell^+\ell^-$, $B\to \ellν$, $K\to πνν$, $K\to\ellν$, ...) in probing the existence of an underlying flavour symmetry is reviewd. Particualar emphasis is deveoted to the connections between quark and lepton flavour strucutres, in the context of generic effective field theory approach to physics beyond the SM.
description: 14 pages, 9 figures, invited talk at the International Conference on Heavy Quarks and Leptons (HQL 06), Munich, Germany, 16-20 Oct 2006
Examining Neighborhood Income Differences and Prosecutorial Charge Reductions
Creators: name: Hernandez, Raquel Aida
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Criminology
subject: FOS: Law
subject: Charge Reductions
subject: Neighborhoods
subject: Prosecutors

description: Recent studies find the socioeconomic status (SES) of a defendant’s home neighborhood acts as an extralegal factor in sentencing.  However, little is known about how movement between low-SES and high-SES neighborhoods to commit crimes can shape the exercise of prosecutorial discretion.  The social class of both a defendant’s home neighborhood and victimized neighborhood may be relevant in prosecutorial decision-making.  This study examines how the SES of home and victimized neighborhoods influences the likelihood of a defendant receiving a charge reduction.  Data from the New York County District Attorney’s Office provide detailed information on prosecution and sentencing for a large sample of criminal offenders, many of whom travel to commit crimes in neighborhoods other than their own.  Results indicate low to high moving offenders were less likely to receive a charge reduction.  Findings are discussed as they relate to theories of prosecutorial decision-making and perspectives on social inequality in punishment.
Cosmic-ray electrons released by supernova remnants
Creators: name: Morlino, Giovanni
name: Celli, Silvia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The process that allows cosmic rays to escape from their sources and be released into the Galaxy is still largely unknown. The comparison between cosmic-ray electron and proton spectra measured at Earth suggests that electrons are released with a spectrum steeper than protons by $Δs_{\rm ep} \sim 0.3$ for energies above $\sim 10$ GeV and by $Δs_{\rm ep} \sim 1.2$ above $\sim 1$ TeV. Assuming that both species are accelerated at supernova remnant shocks, we here explore two possible scenarios that can in principle justify steeper electron spectra: (i) energy losses due to synchrotron radiation in an amplified magnetic field, and (ii) time dependent acceleration efficiency. We account for magnetic field amplification produced by either cosmic-ray induced instabilities or by magneto-hydrodynamics instabilities my means of a parametric description. We show that both mechanisms are required to explain the electron spectrum. In particular synchrotron losses can only produce a significant electron steepening above $\sim 1$~TeV, while a time dependent acceleration can explain the spectrum at lower energies if the electron injection into diffusive shock acceleration is inversely proportional to the shock speed. We discuss observational and theoretical evidences supporting such a behaviour. Furthermore, we predict two additional spectral features: a spectral break below $\sim$ few GeV (as required by existing observations) due to the acceleration efficiency drop during the adiabatic phase, and a spectral hardening above $\sim 20$ TeV (where no data are available yet) resulting from electrons escaping from the shock precursor.
description: 14 pages, 8 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
A Very Low Mass Star in an Extreme Mass Ratio Eclipsing Binary from NGTS
Creators: name: Acton, Jack
name: Goad, Michael
name: Burleigh, Matthew
name: Casewell, Sarah
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Very low mass stars
Eclipsing Binaries
M-dwarfs

description: We present the discovery of NGTS J0930-18, an extreme mass ratio eclipsing M-dwarf binary. The system consists of an early M-dwarf primary and a late M-dwarf secondary close to the hydrogen burning limit. We combine the NGTS discovery photometry with data from TESS and SAAO, as well as radial velocities from HARPS to characterise the system. We find that the secondary component (NGTS J0930-18B) has a mass of \(M_{*}= 0.0818 ^{0.0040}_{-0.0015} M_{\odot}\) and a radius of \(R_{*}= 0.1059 ^{0.0023}_{-0.0021} R_{\odot}\) making it one of the lowest mass stars with precise direct mass and radius measurements.
 NGTS J0930-18B lies in the sparsely populated mass-radius parameter space close to the hydrogen burning limit, making its characterisation important given the growing number of terrestrial planets being discovered orbiting low mass stars.
 The system has a mass ratio \((\frac{M_{pri}}{M_{sec}})\) of \(q=0.1407^{0.0065}_{-0.017}\) making it the lowest mass ratio eclipsing M-M binary known, which poses interesting questions for evolutionary models that suggest low mass ratio M-dwarf binaries should be difficult to create.
Homological invariants of stabilizer states
Creators: name: Wirthmüller, Klaus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a new kind of invariant of multi-party stabilizer states with respect to local Clifford equivalence. These homological invariants are discrete entities defined in terms of the entanglement a state enjoys with respect to arbitrary groupings of the parties, and they may be thought of as reflecting entanglement in a qualitative way. We investigate basic properties of the invariants and link them with known results on the extraction of GHZ states.
description: 18 pages, 4 figures
New fewnomial upper bounds from Gale dual polynomial systems
Creators: name: Sottile, Frederic Bihan amd Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We show that there are fewer than (e^2+3) 2^(k choose 2) n^k/4 non-degenerate positive solutions to a fewnomial system consisting of n polynomials in n variables having a total of n+k+1 distinct monomials. This is significantly smaller than Khovanskii's fewnomial bound of 2^(n+k choose 2)(n+1)^(n+k). We reduce the original system to a system of k equations in k variables which depends upon the vector configuration Gale dual to the exponents of the monomials in the original system. We then bound the number of solutions to this Gale system. We adapt these methods to show that a hypersurface in the positive orthant of R^n defined by a polynomial with n+k+1 monomials has at most C(k)n^(k-1) compact connected components. Our results hold for polynomials with real exponents.
description: 20 pages, revised
Variations of the ultraviolet resonance lines of the Be IV-V star zeta Cassiopeiae
Creators: name: Smith, Myron A.
name: Bohlender, David A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently Neiner et al. reported that the B2 IV-V star zeta Cas contains a weak magnetic field which varies on the same 5.37 day period found from the modulations of its N V, C IV, and Si IV UV resonance lines. We have studied the time variable properties of the same resonance lines in greater detail to determine the physical characteristics of the magnetospheric structure responsible for them. In our formulation this structure takes the form of an axisymmetric "disk" similarto those around magnetic He-strong Bp stars. This structure corotates with the star, covering greater or lesser amounts of its area during its transit. zeta Cas offers a special case because we observe it from a low inclination and yet its magnetic axis is substantially inclined to the rotation axis. The equivalent width-phase curves show a flat maximum for half the cycle, indicating that the disk is extended out of the plane, extends to the star's surface in the magnetic plane, or both. Synthetic spectra of the line profiles during the maximum and minimum occultation phases can be best reconciled with a disk geometry in which the resonance lines are formed at a closed outer edge and along a thin outer layer. We speculate that observed weak redshifted emission is formed in "auroral caps" located near the magnetic poles of the star. We argue that this results from shocks of stagnated wind material returning to the star and shocking against the outflowing wind.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures, accepted by Astronomy & Astrophysics; new version includes old A&A aa.cls file
Sparse Reward Exploration via Novelty Search and Emitters
Creators: name: Paolo, Giuseppe
name: Coninx, Alexandre
name: Doncieux, Stephane
name: Laflaquière, Alban
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Reward-based optimization algorithms require both exploration, to find rewards, and exploitation, to maximize performance. The need for efficient exploration is even more significant in sparse reward settings, in which performance feedback is given sparingly, thus rendering it unsuitable for guiding the search process. In this work, we introduce the SparsE Reward Exploration via Novelty and Emitters (SERENE) algorithm, capable of efficiently exploring a search space, as well as optimizing rewards found in potentially disparate areas. Contrary to existing emitters-based approaches, SERENE separates the search space exploration and reward exploitation into two alternating processes. The first process performs exploration through Novelty Search, a divergent search algorithm. The second one exploits discovered reward areas through emitters, i.e. local instances of population-based optimization algorithms. A meta-scheduler allocates a global computational budget by alternating between the two processes, ensuring the discovery and efficient exploitation of disjoint reward areas. SERENE returns both a collection of diverse solutions covering the search space and a collection of high-performing solutions for each distinct reward area. We evaluate SERENE on various sparse reward environments and show it compares favorably to existing baselines.
description: In 2021 Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference (GECCO 21), July, 2021, Lille, France. ACM, New York, NY, USA, 11 pages
What Do We See in Them? Identifying Dimensions of Partner Models for Speech Interfaces Using a Psycholexical Approach
Creators: name: Doyle, Philip R
name: Clark, Leigh
name: Cowan, Benjamin R
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Perceptions of system competence and communicative ability, termed partner models, play a significant role in speech interface interaction. Yet we do not know what the core dimensions of this concept are. Taking a psycholexical approach, our paper is the first to identify the key dimensions that define partner models in speech agent interaction. Through a repertory grid study (N=21), a review of key subjective questionnaires, an expert review of resulting word pairs and an online study of 356 user of speech interfaces, we identify three key dimensions that make up a users' partner model: 1) perceptions toward competence and capability; 2) assessment of human-likeness; and 3) a system's perceived cognitive flexibility. We discuss the implications for partner modelling as a concept, emphasising the importance of salience and the dynamic nature of these perceptions.
description: Pre-print version. 14 pages (inc. bib), 3 figures, 5 tables
Memory effects in quantum channel discrimination
Creators: name: Chiribella, Giulio
name: D'Ariano, Giacomo M.
name: Perinotti, Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider quantum-memory assisted protocols for discriminating quantum channels. We show that for optimal discrimination of memory channels, memory assisted protocols are needed. This leads to a new notion of distance for channels with memory. For optimal discrimination and estimation of sets of unitary channels memory-assisted protocols are not required.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, revtex4
Continuum limit of string formation in 3-d SU(2) LGT
Creators: name: Dass, N. D. Hari
name: Majumdar, Pushan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the continuum limit of the string-like behaviour of flux tubes formed between static quarks and anti-quarks in three dimensional SU(2) lattice gauge theory. We compare our simulation data with the predictions of both effective string models as well as perturbation theory. On the string side we obtain clear evidence for convergence of data to predictions of Nambu-Goto theory. We comment on the scales at which the static potential starts departing from one loop perturbation theory and then again being well described by effective string theories. We also estimate the leading corrections to the one-loop perturbative potential as well as the Nambu-Goto effective string. In the intermediate regions we find that a modified Lennard-Jones type potential gives surprisingly good fits.
description: 13 pages, 3 figures and 6 tables
Establishing the evolutionary timescales of the massive star formation process through chemistry
Creators: name: Sabatini, G.
name: Bovino, S.
name: Giannetti, A.
name: Grassi, T.
name: Brand, J.
name: Schisano, E.
name: Wyrowski, F.
name: Leurini, S.
name: Menten, K. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: (Abridged) Understanding the details of the formation process of massive (i.e. M<8-10M$_\odot$) stars is a long-standing problem in astrophysics. [...] We present a method to derive accurate timescales of the different evolutionary phases of the high-mass star formation process. We model a representative number of massive clumps of the ATLASGAL-TOP100 sample which cover all the evolutionary stages. The models describe an isothermal collapse and the subsequent warm-up phase, for which we follow their chemical evolution. The timescale of each phase is derived by comparing the results of the models with the properties of the sources of the ATLASGAL-TOP100 sample, taking into account the mass and luminosity of the clumps, and the column densities of methyl acetylene (CH$_3$CCH), acetonitrile (CH$_3$CN), formaldehyde (H$_2$CO) and methanol (CH$_3$OH). We find that the chosen molecular tracers are affected by the thermal evolution of the clumps, showing steep ice evaporation gradients from 10$^3$ to 10$^5$ AU during the warm-up phase. We succeed in reproducing the observed column densities of CH$_3$CCH and CH$_3$CN, while H$_2$CO and CH$_3$OH show a poorer agreement with the observed values. The total (massive) star formation time is found to be $\sim5.2\times10^5$ yr, which is defined by the timescales of the individual evolutionary phases of the ATLASGAL-TOP100 sample: $\sim5\times10^4$ yr for 70-$μ$m weak, $\sim1.2\times10^5$ yr for mid-IR weak, $\sim2.4\times10^5$ yr for mid-IR bright and $\sim1.1\times10^5$ yr for HII-regions phases. Our models, with an appropriate selection of molecular tracers that can act as chemical clocks, allow to get robust estimates of the duration of the individual phases of the high-mass star formation process, with the advantage of being capable to include additional tracers aimed at increasing the accuracy of the estimated timescales.
description: Published on A&A (19 pages, 9 figures, 7 tables)
title: Extracting a living: labour, inequality, and politics in a tribal coal mining village in India
Creators: name: Noy, Itay
Publisher: name: London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE)
Year: 2019

description: In the mineral-bearing tracts of Jharkhand, eastern India, coal mining operations have for decades been concentrated in areas inhabited by adivasi, or tribal, populations, and brought about dispossession, displacement, and the erosion of land- and forest-based ways of life. Based on 18 months of fieldwork in a miningaffected adivasi village, this thesis examines the variegated ways in which mining industrialisation has affected different groups of villagers – from informal coal peddlers to colliery employees – and its impact on the community as a whole. By providing an insight into their lives, livelihoods, and perspectives, the thesis challenges common understandings of the effects of mining and dispossession, and contributes to related debates on labour and politics. First, by contrast with prominent critical theories of dispossession, the thesis shows how rather than simply the destruction of rural communities, dispossession can lead primarily to socioeconomic differentiation within them, creating new and enhanced internal inequalities. By exploring these inequalities in relation to the different types of work, formal and informal, that have emerged locally as a result of mining, the thesis contributes to the literature on labour and precarity. It illustrates how different forms of informal labour can carry different degrees of precarity and meanings for labourers – in terms of stability, autonomy, work rhythms, and gender dynamics – that inflect their present and longer-term livelihood strategies. Second, contrary to the prevalent narrative of resistance to mining and dispossession by rural – and especially indigenous – communities, the thesis shows how such processes can produce not protest but acquiescence. By examining local forms of cooption and clientelism in relation to mining operations, the thesis contributes to debates on the politics of dispossession and (non-)resistance. It illuminates how political leaders and potential activists can become brokers between dispossessing projects and villagers, and how this can lead to shifts in everyday sociopolitical relations that act to curb rather than facilitate possibilities of collective action.
Rapidity dependence of heavy-flavour production in heavy-ion collisions within a full 3+1 transport approach: quenching, elliptic and directed flow
Creators: name: Beraudo, Andrea
name: De Pace, Arturo
name: Monteno, Marco
name: Nardi, Marzia
name: Prino, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extend our POWLANG transport setup for the modelling of heavy-flavour production in heavy-ion collisions to the case of full 3+1 simulations, dropping the approximation of longitudinal boost-invariance of the background medium. This enables us to provide predictions for observables for which the rapidity dependence is essential in order to obtain a non-vanishing signal, like the directed flow $v_1$, and to get reliable results also for kinematic distributions of heavy-flavour particles at forward rapidity. We compare our predictions with experimental data obtained in Au-Au and Pb-Pb collisions at RHIC and at the LHC.
description: Revised version
A Multiwavelength Optical Emission Line Survey of Warm Ionized Gas in the Galaxy
Creators: name: Madsen, G. J.
name: Reynolds, R. J.
name: Haffner, L. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on observations of several optical emission lines toward a variety of newly revealed faint, large-scale Halpha-emitting regions in the Galaxy. The lines include [NII] 6583, [NII] 5755, [SII] 6716, [OIII] 5007, and HeI 5876 obtained with the Wisconsin H-Alpha Mapper (WHAM) toward sightlines that probe superbubbles, high latitude filamentary features, and the more diffuse warm ionized medium (WIM). Our observations include maps covering thousands of square degrees toward the well-known Orion-Eridanus bubble, a recently discovered 60deg x 20deg bipolar superbubble centered in Perseus, plus several classical HII regions surrounding OB stars and hot evolved stellar cores. We use the emission line data to explore the temperature and ionization conditions within the emitting gas and their variations between the different emission regions. We find that in the diffuse WIM and in the faint high latitude filamentary structures the line ratios of [NII]/Ha and [SII]/Ha are generally high, while [OIII]/Ha and HeI/Ha are generally low compared to the bright classical HII regions. This suggests that the gas producing this faint wide-spread emission is warmer, in a lower ionization state, and ionized by a softer spectrum than gas in classical HII regions surrounding O stars, the presumed ionization source for the WIM. In addition, we find differences in physical conditions between the large bubble structures and the more diffuse WIM, suggesting that the ionization of superbubble walls by radiation from interior O associations does not account entirely for the range of conditions found within the WIM, particularly the highest values of [NII]/Ha and [SII]/Ha.
description: 69 pages, 21 figures, 6 tables, accepted to ApJ