cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
КОНЦеПЦИЯ «ХРИСтОЛюБИВОГО ВОИНСтВА» В РОССИЙСКОМ БОГОСЛОВСКОМ И ФИЛОСОФСКОМ ДИСКУРСАХ XIX В. КАК ФеНОМеН ПОЛИтИКИ ПАМЯтИ
Creators: name: Луньков Александр Сергеевич
Publisher: name: Дискурс-Пи
Year: 2020
Subjects: нравственное богословие
христолюбивое воинство
святитель Иннокентий
Л. Н. Толстой.

description: Проблема соотношения идеалов христианской этики и реальной политики возникла практически сразу с появлением христианства. В XIX веке в Российской Империи этот вопрос вновь стал актуален в связи с частыми войнами и попытками государства использовать православие и армию в качества средств идеологического воспитания, и даже перевоспитания граждан. При этом решение этой проблемы было сопряжено с рядом богословских, философских и мировоззренческих вопросов. На большинство из них попыталась ответить концепция «христолюбивого воинства», которая активно стала формироваться в российском богословском и философском дискурсах в XIX веке. В частности, богословский и религиозно-просветительский аспект данной проблемы поднимался в трудах таких деятелей Русской Православной Церкви, как святитель Иннокентий (архиепископ Херсонский и Таврический). Светскую философскую критику и попытку богословского ответа с точки зрения «новой религии» попытался дать Л. Н. Толстой и его последователи.
Integrative Chemical–Biological Grouping of Complex High Production Volume Substances from Lower Olefin Manufacturing Streams
Creators: name: Klaren, William D.
name: Wright, Fred A.
name: Grimm, Fabian A.
name: Cordova, Alexandra C.
name: Baker, Erin S.
name: Ford, Lucie C.
name: Rusyn, Ivan
name: Zhou, Yi-Hui
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2023

description: Human cell-based test methods can be used to evaluate potential hazards of mixtures and products of petroleum refining (“unknown or variable composition, complex reaction products, or biological materials” substances, UVCBs). Analyses of bioactivity and detailed chemical characterization of petroleum UVCBs were used separately for grouping these substances; a combination of the approaches has not been undertaken. Therefore, we used a case example of representative high production volume categories of petroleum UVCBs, 25 lower olefin substances from low benzene naphtha and resin oils categories, to determine whether existing manufacturing-based category grouping can be supported. We collected two types of data: nontarget ion mobility spectrometry-mass spectrometry of both neat substances and their organic extracts and in vitro bioactivity of the organic extracts in five human cell types: umbilical vein endothelial cells and induced pluripotent stem cell-derived hepatocytes, endothelial cells, neurons, and cardiomyocytes. We found that while similarity in composition and bioactivity can be observed for some substances, existing categories are largely heterogeneous. Strong relationships between composition and bioactivity were observed, and individual constituents that determine these associations were identified. Overall, this study showed a promising approach that combines chemical composition and bioactivity data to better characterize the variability within manufacturing categories of petroleum UVCBs.
Solving Inverse Problems with Hybrid Deep Image Priors: the challenge of preventing overfitting
Creators: name: Sun, Zhaodong
name: Sanchez, Thomas
name: Latorre, Fabian
name: Cevher, Volkan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We mainly analyze and solve the overfitting problem of deep image prior (DIP). Deep image prior can solve inverse problems such as super-resolution, inpainting and denoising. The main advantage of DIP over other deep learning approaches is that it does not need access to a large dataset. However, due to the large number of parameters of the neural network and noisy data, DIP overfits to the noise in the image as the number of iterations grows. In the thesis, we use hybrid deep image priors to avoid overfitting. The hybrid priors are to combine DIP with an explicit prior such as total variation or with an implicit prior such as a denoising algorithm. We use the alternating direction method-of-multipliers (ADMM) to incorporate the new prior and try different forms of ADMM to avoid extra computation caused by the inner loop of ADMM steps. We also study the relation between the dynamics of gradient descent, and the overfitting phenomenon. The numerical results show the hybrid priors play an important role in preventing overfitting. Besides, we try to fit the image along some directions and find this method can reduce overfitting when the noise level is large. When the noise level is small, it does not considerably reduce the overfitting problem.
description: Part of the work has been published on ICASSP 2021 with the paper title "a plug-and-play deep image prior"
Additional file 1 of MultiSCRIPT-Cycle 1—a pragmatic trial embedded within the Swiss Multiple Sclerosis Cohort (SMSC) on neurofilament light chain monitoring to inform personalized treatment decisions in multiple sclerosis: a study protocol for a randomized clinical trial
Creators: name: Janiaud, Perrine
name: Zecca, Chiara
name: Salmen, Anke
name: Benkert, Pascal
name: Schädelin, Sabine
name: Orleth, Annette
name: Demuth, Lilian
name: Maceski, Aleksandra Maleska
name: Granziera, Cristina
name: Oechtering, Johanna
name: Leppert, David
name: Derfuss, Tobias
name: Achtnichts, Lutz
name: Findling, Oliver
name: Roth, Patrick
name: Lalive, Patrice
name: Uginet, Marjolaine
name: Müller, Stefanie
name: Pot, Caroline
name: Hoepner, Robert
name: Disanto, Giulio
name: Gobbi, Claudio
name: Rooshenas, Leila
name: Schwenkglenks, Matthias
name: Lambiris, Mark J.
name: Kappos, Ludwig
name: Kuhle, Jens
name: Yaldizli, Özgür
name: Hemkens, Lars G.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Supplementary Material 1.
Valley relaxation in graphene due to charged impurities
Creators: name: Boross, Péter
name: Pályi, András
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Monolayer graphene is an example of materials with multi-valley electronic structure. In such materials, the valley index is being considered as an information carrier. Consequently, relaxation mechanisms leading to loss of valley information are of interest. Here, we calculate the rate of valley relaxation induced by charged impurities in graphene. A special model of graphene is applied, where the $p_z$ orbitals are two-dimensional Gaussian functions, with a spatial extension characterised by an effective Bohr radius $a_\textrm{eB}$. We obtain the valley relaxation rate by solving the Boltzmann equation, for the case of noninteracting electrons, as well as for the case when the impurity potential is screened due to electron-electron interaction. For the latter case, we take into account local-field effects and evaluate the dielectric matrix in the random phase approximation. Our main findings: (i) The valley relaxation rate is proportional to the electronic density of states at the Fermi energy. (ii) Charged impurities located in the close vicinity of the graphene plane, at distance $d \lesssim 0.3\,\textrmÅ$, are much more efficient in inducing valley relaxation than those farther away, the effect of the latter being suppressed exponentially with increasing graphene-impurity distance $d$. (iii) Both in the absence and in the presence of electron-electron interaction, the valley relaxation rate shows pronounced dependence on the effective Bohr radius $a_\textrm{eB}$. The trends are different in the two cases: in the absence (presence) of screening, the valley relaxation rate decreases (increases) for increasing effective Bohr radius. This last result highlights that a quantitative calculation of the valley relaxation rate should incorporate electron-electron interactions as well as an accurate knowledge of the electronic wave functions on the atomic length scale.
description: 15 pages, 8 figures
«ANIMAL DIPLOMACY» КАК НАПРАВЛЕНИЕ ПОЛИМОДАЛЬНОЙ ДИПЛОМАТИИ
Creators: name: Ковба Дарья Михайловна
Publisher: name: Дискурс-Пи
Year: 2020
Subjects: «animal diplomacy»
дипломатия животных
«дипломатия слонов»
«дипломатия утконосов»
«дипломатия панд»
Китай
полимодальная дипломатия.

description: Целью статьи является исследование «animal diplomacy» («дипломатии животных») как одного из направлений полимодальной дипломатии. Достижение данной цели предполагает решение ряда задач: 1) определение места «animal diplomacy» в дипломатической деятельности; 2) исследование ее различных форм в исторической перспективе; 3) оценка роли данного дипломатического направления во внешней политике государств. Методы исследования. В работе используется системный метод (при исследовании «animal diplomacy» во взаимосвязи с другими направлениями дипломатии), исторический метод (изучение генезиса данного дипломатического направления), а также общетеоретические методы – анализ (для выделения способов участия животных в дипломатии, а также особенностей отдельных разновидностей «animal diplomacy», синтез (для обобщения полученных данных). Кроме того, «animal diplomacy» исследуется с позиции теории «мягкой силы» как средства достижения целей на основе добровольного участия, привлекательности и симпатии. Результаты. Утверждается, что животные исторически были частью дипломатических взаимодействий и оказывали влияние на межгосударственные отношения. Отмечается, что «animal diplomacy» рассматривается в русле двух направлений: публичное преподнесение животных в качестве дара и их символическое продвижение на международной арене. Доказывается, что «animal diplomacy», приобретая различные гибридные формы, является важным направлением полимодальной дипломатии. «Animal diplomacy» нередко становится частью повестки дня различных направлений публичной дипломатии (культурной, цифровой, экологической, научной и др.) и не связывается с конкретными целями в области международных отношений. Исследуются разновидности «animal diplomacy» в исторической перспективе («дипломатия слонов», «дипломатия утконосов», «дипломатия жирафов» и др.). Утверждается, что наибольшую известность приобрела «дипломатия панд». Заключение договоров аренды панд символизирует готовность Китая строить «гуанси» – торговые отношения, характеризующиеся доверием, лояльностью и долголетием. Научная новизна. Доказано, что «animal diplomacy» в современном варианте не имеет отношения к взяткам или дани – ее целью является привлечение внимания общественности, демонстрация доброй воли, повышение репутации и привлекательности государства, увеличение его «мягкой силы».
Learning to Fuse Multiple Brain Functional Networks for Automated Autism Identification
Creators: name: Zhang, Chaojun
name: Ma, Yunling
name: Zhang, Limei
name: Qiao, Lishan
name: Liu, Mingxia
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2023

description: Functional connectivity network (FCN) has become a popular tool to identify potential biomarkers for brain dysfunction, such as autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Due to its importance, researchers have proposed many methods to estimate FCNs from resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) data. However, the existing FCN estimation methods usually only capture a single relationship between brain regions of interest (ROIs), e.g., linear correlation, nonlinear correlation, or higher-order correlation, thus failing to model the complex interaction among ROIs in the brain. Additionally, such traditional methods estimate FCNs in an unsupervised way, and the estimation process is independent of the downstream tasks, which makes it difficult to guarantee the optimal performance for ASD identification. To address these issues, in this paper, we propose a multi-FCN fusion framework for rs-fMRI-based ASD classification. Specifically, for each subject, we first estimate multiple FCNs using different methods to encode rich interactions among ROIs from different perspectives. Then, we use the label information (ASD vs. healthy control (HC)) to learn a set of fusion weights for measuring the importance/discrimination of those estimated FCNs. Finally, we apply the adaptively weighted fused FCN on the ABIDE dataset to identify subjects with ASD from HCs. The proposed FCN fusion framework is straightforward to implement and can significantly improve diagnostic accuracy compared to traditional and state-of-the-art methods.
Constant rank theorems for curvature problems via a viscosity approach
Creators: name: Bryan, Paul
name: Ivaki, Mohammad N.
name: Scheuer, Julian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: An important set of theorems in geometric analysis consists of constant rank theorems for a wide variety of curvature problems. In this paper, for geometric curvature problems in compact and non-compact settings, we provide new proofs which are both elementary and short. Moreover, we employ our method to obtain constant rank theorems for homogeneous and non-homogeneous curvature equations in new geometric settings. One of the essential ingredients for our method is a generalization of a differential inequality in a viscosity sense satisfied by the smallest eigenvalue of a linear map (Brendle-Choi-Daskalopoulos, Acta Math. 219(2017): 1-16) to the one for the subtrace. The viscosity approach provides a concise way to work around the well known technical hurdle that eigenvalues are only Lipschitz in general. This paves the way for a simple induction argument.
description: 22 pages
A prospective multi-institutional evaluation of Iatrogenic urethral catheterization injuries
Creators: name: Croghan, Stefanie M.
name: Hayes, Leah
name: O'Connor, Eabhann M
name: Rochester, Mark
name: Finch, William
name: Carrie, Anne
name: Considine, Shane W.
name: D’Arcy, Frank
name: Riogh, Aisling Nic an
name: Mahmalji, Wasim
name: Elhadi, Mohammed
name: Thursby, Helen
name: Pearce, Ian
name: Modgil, Vaibhav
name: Noweir, Hosam
name: MacCraith, Eoin
name: Madden, Aideen
name: Manecksha, Rustom
name: Browne, Eva
name: Giri, Subhasis K.
name: Cunnane, Connor
name: Mulvihill, John
name: WALSH, MICHAEL
name: F. Davis, Niall
name: D. Flood, Hugh
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Health sciences
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Engineering

description: Objectives: To perform a multi-institutional investigation of incidence and outcomes of urethral trauma sustained during attempted catheterization. Patients & Methods: A prospective, multi-center study was conducted over a designated 3-4month period, incorporating seven academic hospitals across the UK and Ireland. Cases of urethral trauma arising from attempted catheterization were recorded. Variables included sites of injury, management strategies and short-term clinical outcomes. The catheterization injury rate was calculated based on the estimated total number of catheterizations occurring in each center per month. Anonymised data were collated, evaluated and described. Results: Sixty-six urethral catheterization injuries were identified (7 centers; mean 3.43months). The mean injury rate was 6.2±3.8 per 1000 catheterizations (3.18–14.42/1000). All injured patients were male, mean age 76.1±13.1years. Urethral catheterization injuries occurred in multiple hospital/community settings, most commonly Emergency Departments (36%) and medical/surgical wards (30%). Urological intervention was required in 94.7% (54/57), with suprapubic catheterization required in 12.3% (n=7). More than half of patients (55.56%) were discharged with an urethral catheter, fully or partially attributable to the urethral catheter injury. At least one further healthcare encounter on account of the injury was required for 90% of patients post-discharge. Conclusions: This is the largest study of its kind and confirms that iatrogenic urethral trauma is a recurring medical error seen universally across institutions, healthcare systems and countries. In addition, urethral catheter injury results in significant patient morbidity with a substantial financial burden to healthcare services. Future innovation to improve the safety of urinary catheterization is warranted.
The Electron-Ion Collider: The Benefits of Two Detectors
Creators: name: Detector-II Working Group
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: The Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) is a transformational and unique accelerator that will enable studies of nuclear matter with unprecedented precision. The EiC is required to address fundamental open questions in physics, such as the origin of mass and spin of protons and neutrons, the details of the "glue" that binds them, and the nature of very dense gluon systems in nuclei. This ambitious collider could not deliver physics results without powerful "cameras" capable of taking the most detailed snapshots of the collisions produced at the EiC. Novel particle detectors must be designed and constructed to capitalize on the investment made on the accelerator side, so that the deepest secrets of the building blocks of matter in our visible universe may be unlocked.
Tensional twist-folding of sheets into multilayered scrolled yarns
Creators: name: Chopin, Julien
name: Kudrolli, Arshad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Twisting sheets as a strategy to form functional yarns relies on millennia of human practice in making catguts and fabric wearables, but still lacks overarching principles to guide their intricate architectures. We show that twisted hyperelastic sheets form multilayered self-scrolled yarns, through recursive folding and twist localization, that can be reconfigured and redeployed. We combine weakly nonlinear elasticity and origami to explain the observed ordered progression beyond the realm of perturbative models. Incorporating dominant stretching modes with folding kinematics, we explain the measured torque and energetics originating from geometric nonlinearities due to large displacements. Complementarily, we show that the resulting structures can be algorithmically generated using Schläfli symbols for star-shaped polygons. A geometric model is then introduced to explain the formation and structure of self-scrolled yarns. Our tensional twist-folding framework shows that origami can be harnessed to understand the transformation of stretchable sheets into self-assembled architectures with a simple twist.
description: Corrected Legend in Fig. 4D
Die christliche Religion und das Ende des modernen Bewußtseins
Creators: name: Spaemann, Robert
Publisher: name: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio
Year: 2022

description: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Bd. 8 Nr. 3 (1979): Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Band 8, Heft 3
Multi-Classifier Interactive Learning for Ambiguous Speech Emotion Recognition
Creators: name: Zhou, Ying
name: Liang, Xuefeng
name: Gu, Yu
name: Yin, Yifei
name: Yao, Longshan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In recent years, speech emotion recognition technology is of great significance in industrial applications such as call centers, social robots and health care. The combination of speech recognition and speech emotion recognition can improve the feedback efficiency and the quality of service. Thus, the speech emotion recognition has been attracted much attention in both industry and academic. Since emotions existing in an entire utterance may have varied probabilities, speech emotion is likely to be ambiguous, which poses great challenges to recognition tasks. However, previous studies commonly assigned a single-label or multi-label to each utterance in certain. Therefore, their algorithms result in low accuracies because of the inappropriate representation. Inspired by the optimally interacting theory, we address the ambiguous speech emotions by proposing a novel multi-classifier interactive learning (MCIL) method. In MCIL, multiple different classifiers first mimic several individuals, who have inconsistent cognitions of ambiguous emotions, and construct new ambiguous labels (the emotion probability distribution). Then, they are retrained with the new labels to interact with their cognitions. This procedure enables each classifier to learn better representations of ambiguous data from others, and further improves the recognition ability. The experiments on three benchmark corpora (MAS, IEMOCAP, and FAU-AIBO) demonstrate that MCIL does not only improve each classifier's performance, but also raises their recognition consistency from moderate to substantial.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures
Local Government Debt and Its Impact on Corporate Underinvestment and ESG Performance: Empirical Evidence from China
Creators: name: Duan, Keyi
name: Ibrahim, Haslindar
name: Cao, Mingyao
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2023

description: ESG ratings are closely linked to corporate resource allocation and overarching macroeconomic constituents. Nevertheless, there is a noticeable lack in the literature investigating the interconnected relationship between the growth of local government debt, corporate underinvestment, and ESG ratings. This study aims to investigate the impact of local government debt on corporate underinvestment and its subsequent effects on corporate ESG performance. To achieve this goal, this study utilizes special bond data from Chinese provinces spanning the period between 2015 and 2021. The findings suggest that as local government debt swells, it imposes financing constraints on local companies, leading to underinvestment, particularly for listed companies with a high proportion of fixed assets and non-state-owned enterprises. A key effect is a “crowding-out effect” in which local government debt absorbs resources that could otherwise be allocated to private corporations and non-investment sectors. This trend illuminates the concealed costs of a debt-reliant growth model extending beyond the financial sector to impact broader corporate behavior and ESG performance. Our research suggests that government debt, corporate financing constraints, and ESG investment are intimately linked. The study concludes with policy implications and recommendations aimed at mitigating the investment gap in Chinese enterprises and promoting sustainable economic growth.
НОВЫЕ МЕДИА В КОНТЕКСТЕ ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ ОБЩЕСТВЕННОГО МНЕНИЯ
Creators: name: Попцов Дмитрий Александрович
Publisher: name: Дискурс-Пи
Year: 2020
Subjects: новые медиа
цифровые медиа
социальные медиа
общественное мнение
протест
информационная повестка.

description: Цели исследования: на основе данных социологических служб провести компаративный анализ традиционных и новых медиа; сопоставить степень их проникновения в жизнь людей; проанализировать возможности влияния новых медиа на общественное мнение; оценить эффективность такого влияния на примере конкретных общественно-политических событий. На основе двух кейсов (Майские протесты в Екатеринбурге в связи со строительством храма св. Екатерины и Правительственный кризис в Австрии в мае 2019 года) проводится анализ специфики использования новых медиа для формирования информационной повестки и воздействия на общественное мнение. Анализируются выступления и заявления лидеров общественного мнения (Познер, Проханов, Патриарх Кирилл). С помощью статистических данных определяется эффективность использования различных каналов распространения информации с помощью новых медиа. В статье дается определение новых медиа, выделяются их типы и признаки, приводятся социологические данные о проникновении новых медиа в общество. Имеющиеся сведения об особенностях распространения новых медиа и их использования массовой аудиторией позволяют на конкретных примерах продемонстри- ровать, каким образом они меняют общественное мнение по отдельным вопросам в случае их целенаправленного и широкомасштабного подключения к освещению тех или иных событий. Фиксируются различия протестных выступлений в Екатеринбурге против строительства храма св. Екатерины с использованием новых медиа (2019 год) и без их применения (2018 год). Подводятся итоги протестных выступлений в Екатеринбурге в контексте использования новых медиа.
Graphite under uniaxial compression along c-axis: a new parameter relates out-of-plane strain to in-plane phonon frequency
Creators: name: Sun, Y. W.
name: Holec, D.
name: Dunstan, D. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Stacking graphene sheets forms graphite. Two in-plane vibrational modes of graphite, E1u and E2g(2), are derived from graphene E2g mode, the shifts of which under compression are all considered as results of in-plane bond shortening. Values of Gruneisen parameter have been reported to quantify such relation. However, the reason why the shift rates of these three modes with pressure differ is unclear. In this work, we introduce a new parameter to quantify the contribution of out-of-plane strain to the in-plane vibrational frequencies, suggesting that the compression of π-electrons plays a non-negligible part in both graphite and graphene under high pressure.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures, 1 table
Additional file 1 of Evaluation of lyophilized bacteriophage cocktail efficiency against multidrug-resistant Salmonella in broiler chickens
Creators: name: Nabil, Nehal M.
name: Tawakol, Maram M.
name: Samir, Abdelhafez
name: Hassan, Heba M.
name: Elsayed, Mona Mohieldin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: Supplementary Material 1
Effects of Image Size on Deep Learning
Creators: name: Rukundo, Olivier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: In this work, the best size for late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) images in the training dataset was determined to optimize deep learning training outcomes. Non-extra pixel and extra pixel interpolation algorithms were used to determine the new size of the LGE-MRI images. A novel strategy was introduced to handle interpolation masks and remove extra class labels in interpolated ground truth (GT) segmentation masks. The expectation maximization, weighted intensity, a priori information (EWA) algorithm was used for quantification of myocardial infarction (MI) in automatically segmented LGE-MRI images. Arbitrary threshold, comparison of the sums, and sums of differences are methods used to estimate the relationship between semi-automatic or manual and fully automated quantification of myocardial infarction (MI) results. The relationship between semi-automatic and fully automated quantification of MI results was found to be closer in the case of bigger LGE MRI images (55.5% closer to manual results) than in the case of smaller LGE MRI images (22.2% closer to manual results).
description: 22 pages, 23 figures, 5 tables
НЕКОТОРЫЕ ГЛАВЫ ИЗ ТЕОРИИ О НЕОЖИДАННОЙ МИРОВОЙ ИСТОРИИ. ЧАСТЬ II
Creators: name: Кисс Эндре
Publisher: name: Дискурс-Пи
Year: 2020
Subjects: глобализация
государство всеобщего благосостояния
третий путь
монетаризм
неолиберализм
государственный департамент
различие
саморазрушительное измерение глобализации
три общества глобального времени.

description: Триумфальный путь развития социального государства породил легитимный характер новой социальной и ментальной реальности. Дальнейший упадок социального государства также породил новую реальность, при которой стало происходить накопление разнообразных легитимностей, связанных с расцветом неолиберализма. Третий Путь – это своеобразный ответ социал-демократии на новую политическую ситуацию в мире, сложившуюся после 1989 года, ответ, который предполагал создание некоего долгосрочного партнерства сторонников социального государства с неолиберальным режимом, устанавливающим новый гегемонистсткий экономический и политический миропорядок. Либерализм рассматривается в современных дискуссиях как выражение определенной системы ценностей. В настоящее время наибольшее внимание уделяется новому монетаристскому или экономическому либерализму. Социализм 70-х и 80-х годов был тем объектом, против которого объединились классический политический либерализм прав человека и новый монетаристский либерализм. Сторонники социального государства не смогли распознать эту новую ситуацию. Далее мы выдвигаем гипотезу о существовании трех «обществ» в современном глобальном мире. «Первое общество» – это общество до 1989 года, для которого главной ценностью выступало развитие социального государства. «Второе общество» мы определяем как отрицание «первого», то есть как общество господства монетаристского неолиберализма. Основы для появления «третьего общества» мы видим в новом политическом классе или элите. «Третье общество» возникает как возрождение некоторых черт «первого общества». «Второе общество», возникшее после 1989 года, в настоящее время испытывает первые глобальные потрясения, связанные с возникновением нового мирового порядка.
Ensemble perspective for understanding temporal credit assignment
Creators: name: Zou, Wenxuan
name: Li, Chan
name: Huang, Haiping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Recurrent neural networks are widely used for modeling spatio-temporal sequences in both nature language processing and neural population dynamics. However, understanding the temporal credit assignment is hard. Here, we propose that each individual connection in the recurrent computation is modeled by a spike and slab distribution, rather than a precise weight value. We then derive the mean-field algorithm to train the network at the ensemble level. The method is then applied to classify handwritten digits when pixels are read in sequence, and to the multisensory integration task that is a fundamental cognitive function of animals. Our model reveals important connections that determine the overall performance of the network. The model also shows how spatio-temporal information is processed through the hyperparameters of the distribution, and moreover reveals distinct types of emergent neural selectivity. To provide a mechanistic analysis of the ensemble learning, we first derive an analytic solution of the learning at the infinitely-large-network limit. We then carry out a low-dimensional projection of both neural and synaptic dynamics, analyze symmetry breaking in the parameter space, and finally demonstrate the role of stochastic plasticity in the recurrent computation. Therefore, our study sheds light on mechanisms of how weight uncertainty impacts the temporal credit assignment in recurrent neural networks from the ensemble perspective.
description: 61 pages, 33 figures, revised version to journal
БЫТИЕ БОГА ВО ВСЕМ КАК ФОРМАЛЬНОАКСИОЛОГИЧЕСКИЙ ЗАКОН, ОБОСНОВАННЫЙ ВЫЧИСЛЕНИЕМ ЦЕННОСТНЫХ ФУНКЦИЙ В ДВУЗНАЧНОЙ АЛГЕБРЕ МЕТАФИЗИКИ КАК ФОРМАЛЬНОЙ АКСИОЛОГИИ
Creators: name: Лобовиков Владимир Олегович
Publisher: name: Дискурс-Пи
Year: 2020
Subjects: двузначная-алгебра-метафизики-как-формальной-аксиологии
моральная
ценность
ценностная-переменная
ценностная-функция
бытие-s-в-w
вездесущностьБога
формально-аксиологический-закон.

description: Объект исследования – проблема существования Бога во всем. Предмет исследования – формально-аксиологический аспект этой проблемы. Цель исследования – обоснование формально-аксиологического закона вездесущности Бога в двузначной алгебре метафизики как формальной аксиологии. Метод исследования – математическое моделирование предмета исследования. Научная новизна полученных результатов: в статье представлена вплоть до настоящего времени не рассмотренная дискретная математическая модель философско-теологической проблемы вездесущности Бога. На уровне искусственного языка двузначной алгебры формальной аксиологии предложен и детально разработан принципиально новый вариант эффективного решения обсуждаемой проблемы. Таким образом, качественно новый метод аналитической теологии, а именно преднамеренное конструирование и систематическое исследование дискретных математических моделей божественных атрибутов, применяется для освещения сложных аспектов философской теологии. Плодотворность (эвристическая и педагогическая ценность) использования упомянутого метода математической теологии демонстрируется на конкретном примере путем приложения его к прояснению и устранению возражений против бытия Бога во всем, которые (возражения) изобретались атеистически и скептически настроенными философами с античности до наших дней. Впервые в литературе по философской теологии существование Бога во всем обосновывается как формально-аксиологический закон аккуратным вычислением релевантных ценностных таблиц в двузначной алгебре формальной аксиологии. В отношении к чисто техническому аспекту математики как таковой, предложенное обоснование обсуждаемого формально-аксиологического закона элементарно, но с точки зрения содержательной философской теологии обоснование формально-аксиологического закона вездесущности Бога путем вычисления релевантных композиций ценностных функций в двузначной алгебре формальной аксиологии является психологически неожиданным и теоретически нетривиальным.
Musicological, computational and conceptual aspects of first-species counterpoint theory
Creators: name: Arias-Valero, Juan Sebastián
name: Agustín-Aquino, Octavio Alberto
name: Lluis-Puebla, Emilio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: History and Overview (math.HO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 00A65, 16B99

description: We re-create the essential results of a 1989 unpublished article by Mazzola and Muzzulini that contains musicological aspects of a first-species counterpoint model. We include a summary of the mathematical counterpoint theory and several variations of the model that offer different perspectives on Mazzola's original principles.
description: 17 pages, 2 figures
A method for obtaining thick branes models
Creators: name: Dutra, A. de Souza
name: de Brito, G. P.
name: da Silva, J. M. Hoff
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we present a new class of braneworld models, where the superpotential function may be decomposed in a very specific form, but still embracing, which allows considerable simplifications in the field equations. We exemplify the method with two specific models that are extended versions of superpotentials already considered in the literature. As one can see in the examples, the braneworld scenarios obtained here present very interesting features, such as split brane mechanism and asymmetric warp factor shape, which is essential to address the hierarchy problem in the context of thick brane scenarios.
Investigating the accuracy of blood oxygen saturation measurements in common consumer smartwatches
Creators: name: Snyder, Laurie
name: Spies, Connor
name: Bhosai, Satasuk Joy
name: Dunn, Jessilyn
name: Jiang, Yihang
name: Magin, Justin
Publisher: name: Public Library of Science
Year: 2023

description: Blood oxygen saturation (SpO2) is an important measurement for monitoring patients with acute and chronic conditions that are associated with low blood oxygen levels. While smartwatches may provide a new method for continuous and unobtrusive SpO2 monitoring, it is necessary to understand their accuracy and limitations to ensure that they are used in a fit-for-purpose manner. To determine whether the accuracy of and ability to take SpO2 measurements from consumer smartwatches is different by device type and/or by skin tone, our study recruited patients aged 18–85 years old, with and without chronic pulmonary disease, who were able to provide informed consent. The mean absolute error (MAE), mean directional error (MDE) and root mean squared error (RMSE) were used to evaluate the accuracy of the smartwatches as compared to a clinical grade pulse oximeter. The percent of data unobtainable due to inability of the smartwatch to record SpO2 (missingness) was used to evaluate the measurability of SpO2 from the smartwatches. Skin tones were quantified based on the Fitzpatrick (FP) scale and Individual Typology Angle (ITA), a continuous measure of skin tone. A total of 49 individuals (18 female) were enrolled and completed the study. Using a clinical-grade pulse oximeter as the reference standard, there were statistically significant differences in accuracy between devices, with Apple Watch Series 7 having measurements closest to the reference standard (MAE = 2.2%, MDE = -0.4%, RMSE = 2.9%) and the Garmin Venu 2s having measurements farthest from the reference standard (MAE = 5.8%, MDE = 5.5%, RMSE = 6.7%). There were also significant differences in measurability across devices, with the highest data presence from the Apple Watch Series 7 (88.9% of attempted measurements were successful) and the highest data missingness from the Withings ScanWatch (only 69.5% of attempted measurements were successful). The MAE, RMSE and missingness did not vary significantly across FP skin tone groups, however, there may be a relationship between FP skin tone and MDE (intercept = 0.04, beta coefficient = 0.47, p = 0.04). No statistically significant difference was found between skin tone as measured by ITA and MAE, MDE, RMSE or missingness.
Истоки культа Аполлона и первопоэт Олен
Creators: name: Олег Анатольевич Матвейчев
Publisher: name: Антиномии
Year: 2020
Subjects: история философии
древнегреческая религия
мифология
поэзия
шаманизм
Древняя Греция
Гиперборея
Дельфы
Делос
Аполлон
Олен

description: Цель настоящей статьи – возвращение в научный оборот наследия ликийского поэта Олена, игнорируемого, в силу скудости информации, большинством исследователей античной культуры, и помещение его в широкий контекст дискуссий о происхождении культа Аполлона. В статье анализируются разнообразные взгляды на генезис и эволюцию аполлоновского культа, в том числе малоазийская, фракийская, дорическая и «нордическая» гипотезы, приведены данные, свидетельствующие об «инородности» Аполлона по отношению к олимпийскому пантеону, а также о связи его образа с легендарной страной Гипербореей. Стремительность, с которой культ Аполлона распространялся по греческому миру, позволяет предположить, что это происходило не спонтанно, но благодаря чьим-то сознательным и планомерным усилиям. Одним из «агентов влияния» могущественного северного бога мог быть Олен, согласно легенде основавший Дельфийское прорицалище и первым начавший произносить свои пророчества в гекзаметрах, выступив, таким образом, первопоэтом, изобретшим саму форму поэзии. Являясь одновременно и поэтом, и прорицателем, Олен представлял собой пример древнего мантиса, «ведуна», причастного божественным истинам и дающего вещам их имена. (Следует подчеркнуть, что и сам Аполлон обладает ярко выраженными чертами «ведуна», будучи богом-музыкантом, врачевателем, вдохновителем поэтов, предсказателем будущего.) Вопреки расхожему мнению о пророчествовании мантисов исключительно в состоянии, близком к безумию, автор указывает, что прорицание – это особый интенсивный мыслительный процесс. Реабилитация прорицательства в качестве интеллектуального феномена повышает его вес в истории греческой мысли. Мантическую же поэзию следует рассматривать как один из источников философии, генезис которой представляется более многоплановым феноменом, чем описываемое формулой В. Нестле движение «от мифа к логосу». Учитывая многокомпонентность культа Аполлона, в котором прослеживаются и северные, и крито-микенские, и малоазийские, и дорические корни, автор утверждает, что Олен исповедовал культ лишь одной «ипостаси» лучезарного бога – гиперборейской (вероятнее всего, изначальной), с которой со временем соединятся в единый образ все прочие компоненты культа.
Карл Маркс о родовой сущности человека
Creators: name: Петр Николаевич Кондрашов
Publisher: name: Антиномии
Year: 2020
Subjects: философия К. Маркса
родовая сущность человека
праксис
ансамбль общественных отношений
социальность
предметность
историчность
экзистенциальная неравнодушность

description: В статье предпринята попытка историко-философской экспликации становления учения К. Маркса о родовой сущности человека (Gattungswesen des Menschen). В современном марксоведении господствует точка зрения, согласно которой Маркс понимает сущность человека только как «совокупность общественных отношений». Однако, как показывает автор, в текстах Маркса имеется несколько определений. Так, родовая сущность человека определяется как: (1) истинная общественная связь людей, истинная общность (Gemeinwesen); (2) праксис (Praxis); (3) творческая продуктивная деятельность (productive Tätigkeit, Selbstbetätigung); (4) ансамбль общественных отношений (das ensemble der gesellschaftlichen Verhältnisse). Конститутивными моментами сущности человека, вытекающими из праксиса, как базовой характеристики человека, оказываются такие атрибуты, как предметность, интерсубъективность, социальность, историчность и экзистенциальная неравнодушность. Показано, что, согласно Марксу, родовая сущность человека не дана природой, а возникает в ходе исторического развития. Более того, в «Капитале» Маркс различает инвариантную сущность (Praxis) и исторические модификации праксиса. Поэтому история понимается как «непрерывное изменение человеческой природы». Впервые в истории философии эксплицирована историческая последовательность того, каким образом развивались представления Маркса о родовой сущности человека. Несмотря на радикальные изменения философских предпочтений Маркса (переход от субъективного идеализма Фихте к объективному идеализму Гегеля, а затем к материализму), его представления о родовой сущности человека, меняясь, тем не менее, представляют собой не столько череду «скачков», а сколько диалектическое движение к более глубокому, всестороннему развитию и обогащению изначальных гуманистических интуиций, которое в итоге привело его к формулировке оригинальной концепции человека.
Bootstrap percolation on a graph with random and local connections
Creators: name: Turova, Tatyana
name: Vallier, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $G_{n,p}^1$ be a superposition of the random graph $G_{n,p}$ and a one-dimensional lattice: the $n$ vertices are set to be on a ring with fixed edges between the consecutive vertices, and with random independent edges given with probability $p$ between any pair of vertices. Bootstrap percolation on a random graph is a process of spread of "activation" on a given realisation of the graph with a given number of initially active nodes. At each step those vertices which have not been active but have at least $r \geq 2$ active neighbours become active as well. We study the size of the final active set in the limit when $n\rightarrow \infty $. The parameters of the model are $n$, the size $A_0=A_0(n)$ of the initially active set and the probability $p=p(n)$ of the edges in the graph. Bootstrap percolation process on $G_{n,p}$ was studied earlier. Here we show that the addition of $n$ local connections to the graph $G_{n,p}$ leads to a more narrow critical window for the phase transition, preserving however, the critical scaling of parameters known for the model on $G_{n,p}$. We discover a range of parameters which yields percolation on $G_{n,p}^1$ but not on $G_{n,p}$.
description: 38 pages, 2 figures
Metabolomics Analysis Reveals Altered Metabolic Pathways and Response to Doxorubicin in Drug-Resistant Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells
Creators: name: Rushing, Blake R.
name: Sumner, Susan
name: Molina, Sabrina
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2023

description: This study aimed to investigate metabolic changes following the acquisition of resistance to doxorubicin in the triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell line MDA-MB-231. Two drug-resistant cell lines, DOX-RES-50 and DOX-RES-100, were generated by treating MDA-MB-231 cells with doxorubicin for 24 h and allowing them to recover for six weeks. Both drug-resistant cell lines demonstrated an increase in doxorubicin IC50 values, indicating acquired drug resistance. Metabolomics analysis showed clear separation between the parental MDA-MB-231 cell line and the drug-resistant cell lines. Pathway analysis revealed that arginine and proline metabolism, glutathione metabolism, and beta-alanine metabolism were significantly perturbed in the drug-resistant cell lines compared to the parental cell line. After matching signals to an in-house library of reference standards, significant decreases in short- and medium-chain acylcarnitines and significant increases in long-chain acylcarnitines, 5-oxoproline, and 7-ketodeoxycholic acid were observed in the resistant cell lines as compared to the parental MDA-MB-231 cell line. In addition to baseline metabolic differences, we also investigated differences in metabolic responses in resistant cell lines upon a second exposure at multiple concentrations. Results indicate that whereas the parental MDA-MB-231 cell line had many metabolites that responded to doxorubicin in a dose-dependent manner, the two resistant cell lines lost a dose-dependent response for the majority of these metabolites. The study’s findings provide insight into how metabolism is altered during the acquisition of resistance in TNBC cells and how the metabolic response to doxorubicin changes upon repeated treatment. This information can potentially identify novel targets to prevent or reverse multi-drug resistance in TNBC, and also demonstrate the usefulness of metabolomics technology in identifying new mechanisms of drug resistance in cancer and potential drug targets.
Obstructions to the existence of limiting Carleman weights
Creators: name: Angulo-Ardoy, Pablo
name: Faraco, Daniel
name: Guijarro, Luis
name: Ruiz, Alberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35R30, 53A30

description: We give a necessary condition for a Riemannian manifold to admit limiting Carleman weights in terms of the Weyl tensor (in dimensions 4 and higher) and the Cotton-York tensor in dimension 3. As an application we provide explicit examples of manifolds without limiting Carleman weights and show that the set of such metrics on a given manifold contains an open and dense set.
description: Improved version