cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Dependency ratios in healthy ageing
Creators: name: Wachs, Diego
name: Roman-Urrestarazu, Andres
name: Brayne, Carol
name: Onrubia-Fernández, Jorge
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Original research
1506
health economics
medical demography
epidemiology

description: Although people are living longer, there is no discernible pattern about the quality of life in an increasing lifespan. This restricts our capacity to predict and prepare for the consequences of population ageing. Accordingly, we propose a population ageing indicator that combines demographic and disability prevalence data through a characteristics approach and explore different scenarios to account for uncertainty in life quality projections. Our results, available for 186 countries, show that countries that rank older under conventional chronological ageing measures may rank younger under our qualitative measure. Additionally, we find substantial differences in our projections depending on different health assumptions, demonstrating the risk of using ageing indicators that make implicit assumptions about health characteristics.
Recent Work on Gravitational Waves From a Generic Standard Model-like Effective Higgs Potential
Creators: name: Kehayias, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I present recent work on gravitational waves (GWs) from a generic Standard Model-like effective potential for the electroweak phase transition. We derive a semi-analytic expression for the approximate tunneling temperature, and analytic and approximate expressions for the two GW parameters $α$ and $β$. A quick summary of our analysis and general results, as well as a list of some specific models which easily fit into this framework, are presented. The work presented here has been done in collaboration with Stefano Profumo (arXiv:0911.0687).
description: 2 pages, Elsevier 2-column CRC style, Cargese Summer School 2009 proceedings, slightly revised from published version to include a reference to the full work (arXiv:0911.0687) and references reordered
title: Roll-out of Deep Geothermal Energy in North-West Europe (DGE-ROLLOUT): Geothermal Energy Potential of Lower Carboniferous Carbonate Rocks
Creators: name: Fritschle, Tobias
name: Arndt, Martin
name: Nokar, Kim
name: Petitclerc, Estelle
name: van Melle, Timme
name: Broothaers, Matsen
name: Passamonti, Arianna
name: Salamon, Martin
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2023

description:
Deep geothermal energy (DGE) may play a crucial role in the future energy production considering its base load capacity and ubiquitous availability. The EU Interreg North-West Europe (NWE) funded project DGE-ROLLOUT aims to promote the hydrothermal potential of Lower Carboniferous carbonate rocks, which is investigated following a multi-disciplinary geoscientific approach.

Besides the Geological Survey of North Rhine-Westphalia as lead partner, project partners include the national geological surveys of Belgium, France and the Netherlands, as well as industry partners (DMT GmbH & Co. KG; Energie Beheer Nederland B.V.; RWE Power AG) and research institutions (Fraunhofer Institution for Energy Infrastructures and Geothermal Systems; Technical University Darmstadt; Flemish Institute for Technological Research). Sub- and associated partners include the national geological surveys of Great Britain and Ireland and the European Geothermal Energy Council, amongst others.

DGE-ROLLOUT comprises three administrative, one investment and three implementation work packages (WP T1-T3): T1 provides a reconciled knowledge baseline for the DGE market development in NWE, including a transnationally harmonised depth and thickness map of the Lower Carboniferous. T2 fills information gaps through the acquisition of 2D seismic surveys, drillings, reprocessing vintage seismic data, and developing 3D subsurface models. T3 increases the efficiency of existing geothermal systems, implementing new or improved production techniques regarding reservoir behaviour, cascading systems and thermal energy storage.

As DGE-ROLLOUT comes to an end in October 2023, we are keen on presenting our final results and evaluating the extent to which we succeeded in promoting the DGE potential of Lower Carboniferous carbonate rocks in NWE.
Map #442, Site 5MT10647, Pithouse 236, Surface 1 and Nonstructure 246, Surface 1
Creators: name: DeVos, Jim
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Southwestern Colorado
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/2810/southwestern-colorado
subject: Southwestern US
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/84604/southwestern-us
subject: Basketmaker III
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/temporal-keyword/78/basketmaker-iii
subject: Pueblo I
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/temporal-keyword/54/pueblo-i
subject: Pueblo II
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/temporal-keyword/55/pueblo-ii
subject: 5MT10647
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/118013/5mt10647
subject: Dillard Site
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/118012/dillard-site

description: Site 5MT10647, Pithouse 236, Surface 1 and Nonstructure 246, Surface 1
Reply to Comment on "Nonmagnetic Impurity Resonances as a Signature of Sign-Reversal Pairing in FeAs-based Superconductors"
Creators: name: Zhang, Degang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This is a reply to the comment by Daghofer and Moreo.
Map #30, Site 5MT10736, Pit Room 108, Pit Room 109, Nonstructure 104, Arbitrary Unit 102, and Arbitrary Unit 110, Stratigraphic Profile
Creators: name: DeVos, Jim
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Southwestern Colorado
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/2810/southwestern-colorado
subject: Southwestern US
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/84604/southwestern-us
subject: Basketmaker III
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/temporal-keyword/78/basketmaker-iii
subject: TJ Smith Site
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/118014/tj-smith-site
subject: 5MT10736
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/118015/5mt10736

description: Site 5MT10736, Pit Room 108, Pit Room 109, Nonstructure 104, Arbitrary Unit 102, and Arbitrary Unit 110, Stratigraphic Profile
title: Serravallian-Tortonian hydrological isolation of the Eastern Paratethys from the perspective of the Caspian Basin: Sarmatian s.l. integrated stratigraphy and biotic record of Karagiye, Kazakhstan.
Creators: name: Lazarev, Sergei
name: Mandic, Oleg
name: Stoica, Marius
name: Gol'din, Pavel
name: Krijgsman, Wout
name: Vasilyan, Davit
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2023

description:
The Eastern Paratethys (EP) is a former epicontinental basin that unified the Black Sea, Caspian Sea and the Dacian Basin and played a crucial role in shaping of the west Eurasian paleoecosystems.

In the late Middle-Late Miocene, during Sarmatian sensu lato Stage, the EP underwent a gradual hydrological isolation from the global ocean. This process was accompanied by adaptation and radiation of endemic faunas in the early and middle Sarmatian s.l. (Volhynian and Bessarabian) and by the near complete extinction of marine life forms in the late Sarmatian s.l. (Khersonian). The drivers of this ecological crisis still remain ununderstood. We present our integrated stratigraphic study of 130-m-thick outcrop Karagiye, Caspian Basin. The preliminary data demonstrate:

Incomplete Volhynian record (12.3–12.05 Ma). Proximal lagoon with molluscs Obsoletiformes and Ervilia, ostracod zones Cytheridea hungarica and Euxinocythere turpe, foraminfera zones Veridentella reussi and Elphidium reginum, rich marine vertebrate fauna;

Bessarabian offshore to lagoon record (11.9–9.8 Ma) with molluscs Plicatiformes plicatofittoni, Sarmatimactra vitaliana, ostracod zones Euxinocuthere grave odessoensis and Loxoconcha subcrassula, foraminifera zones Dogielina sarmatica and Porosononion aragviensis, rich marine vertebrate fauna.

Khersonian shallow water barrier island to foreshore (9.4–7.6 Ma) with molluscs Chersonimactra caspia and Ch. bulgarica, ostracod zones – Euxinocythere immutata and E.dilecta, foraminifera and marine vertebrate fauna missing.

Our ongoing study for the first time provides well-dated mollusc and microfauna zonations of the Sarmatian s.l. substages in the Caspian Basin.
title: Easy access to geological and geophysical data for the planning of underground spaces or subsurface project management in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania
Creators: name: Obst, Karsten
name: Brandes, Juliane
name: Matting, Sabine
name: Deutschmann, André
name: Schwark, Lisa
name: Kalbe, Johannes
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2023

description:
The search for saline water springs started in the area of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania several hundreds of years ago. First drillings to find coals seams were reported from the end of the 18th century. Mining for brown coal lasted from 1817 until 1960. Three mines produced between 1900 and 1926 potash and rock salt. First oil exploration wells were drilled in the 1920/30s without success. Numerous deep wells drilled between 1950 and 1990 reaching depths up to 8,009 m and about 3,600 seismic lines enabled the detection of several oil deposits. The huge amount of subsurface data allowed to find geothermal resources in the 1980s and is still the base for new scientific investigations and to develop projects of underground uses.

The archive of the Geological Survey of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania comprises lithology data from 700 deep wells. More than 2,250 well logs exist, most of them are SP and GR logs. 70,000 m of cores from 400 wells document rocks from different eras beginning with the Mesoproterozoic basement of Baltica, covering the Caledonian deformed Ordovician on Rügen and the Devonian to Carboniferous strata of the Variscan foreland as well as the volcanics and sediments filling the North German Basin since the Permian. More than 11,000 rock samples and c. 26,000 thin sections used for petrographic descriptions are preserved. Countless analogue data gained from petrophysical and geochemical analyses still have to be digitized to fulfill the requirements of the Geological Data Act (GeolDG), especially for making geological data available for the public.
title: The DeepStor-1 exploration well
Creators: name: Grimmer, Jens Carsten
name: Bauer, Florian
name: Kohl, Thomas
name: Bremer, Judith
name: Schill, Eva
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2023

description:
DeepStor-1 is the exploration well to the Helmholtz research infrastructure “DeepStor”. DeepStor focuses on the investigation of high-temperature heat storage marginal to the former oil-field “Leopoldshafen“. It is located about 10 km north of the city of Karlsruhe (Germany).

The DeepStor-1 well will probe marine to continental syn-rift sedimentary successions. It is planned to reach the Pechelbronn Group at 1‘460 m. Seismic investigation reveal a structurally undisturbed section that below 200 m depth covers the Landau, Bruchsal, Niederrödern and Froidefontaine Formations. Cores will be taken from the entire section below 820 m resolving about 6 Myr (about 26-32 Ma) of the Oligocene (about 23-34 Ma) and revealing an important geoarchive on regional and global signals, evolutionary trends of plate tectonics, paleolife, and paleoclimate. In addition to coring, the logging program is planned to include besides technical logging, a caliper-, self-potential-, temperature-, dual latero-, natural gamma spectrometry-, neutron-gamma porosity-, sonic-, elemental capture spectroscopy-, as well as image-logs in the sections 215-820 m as well as in the cored 820-1460 m section. Drilling of DeepStor-1 is planned between 2023 and 2024. Besides the interest of the Helmholtz Association in

the characterization of the subsurface by logging and coring,

the evaluation of the structural, hydraulic, and hydro-chemical set-up and the boundary conditions of the reservoir, and

short and long-term testing of hydraulic and thermal performance of the reservoir,

the well offers opportunities for more fundamental investigations on the climatic and geological conditions during deposition of the reservoir rocks.
Fast magnetic reconnection in three dimensional MHD simulations
Creators: name: Pang, Bijia
name: Pen, Ue-Li
name: Vishniac, Ethan T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a constructive numerical example of fast magnetic reconnection in a three dimensional periodic box. Reconnection is initiated by a strong, localized perturbation to the field lines. The solution is intrinsically three dimensional, and its gross properties do not depend on the details of the simulations. $\sim 50%$ of the magnetic energy is released in an event which lasts about one Alfven time, but only after a delay during which the field lines evolve into a critical configuration. We present a physical picture of the process. The reconnection regions are dynamical and mutually interacting. In the comoving frame of these regions, reconnection occurs through an X-like point, analogous to Petschek reconnection. The dynamics appear to be driven by global flows, not local processes.
description: 10 pages, 14 figures, submitted to Physics of Plasmas
title: Anisotropy of the mica rich lithologies in the north-western Tauern Window (Eastern alps, Austria)
Creators: name: Lang, Dustin
name: Stipp, Michael
name: Kuehn, Rebecca
name: Kilian, Rüdiger
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2023

description:
Anatomy and internal structure of the Alpine orogen are difficult to decipher as structural information is usually limited to surface and seismic data. Seismic results very much depend on the elastic wave velocity model of the rocks. Simple velocity models depend strongly on the rock composition. In the investigated rock samples, phyllosilicates are by far most decisive for the elastic anisotropy. We present here the first results of fabric analysis in a N-S profile of the Innsbruck quartzphyllite and the Bündner schist from the northern part of the Brenner Base Tunnel Project in order to obtain a refined anisotropy and velocity model.

Phyllosilicate-rich sections were selected from borehole and tunnel samples, from which 1.5 – 3.5 mm wide columns were drilled out from layers of different composition and structure. The CPO of phyllosilicates and graphite was measured using high energy X-ray diffraction at German Electron Synchrotron (DESY) and European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF). Pole figure data were directly extracted using single peak evaluation and compared to the optical microstructure and compositional distributions using µXRF measurements.

Texture strength is variable along the section with peak values at the transition from the Innsbruck quartzphyllite to the upper Bündner schist. The texture strength correlates positively with the content and distribution of phyllosilicates and graphite. By measuring the smallest representative volume element, we estimate the upper bound of expected intrinsic velocity anisotropies. The effect of (micro)structure-based upscaling on these anisotropies will be discussed.
[METADATA] Impact of changes to the delivery of opioid agonist treatment, introduced during the COVID-19 pandemic, on treatment access and dropout in Ireland: An interrupted time series analysis
Creators: name: L, Durand
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: COVID-19, Opioid agonist treatment, Interrupted time series , Addiction services, Drug policy, Public health

description: Anonymized aggregated level data from the national register of people receiving Opioid agonist treatment (OAT) in Ireland. The primary outcomes of interest were: (A) total number of people
 accessing OAT on the last day of each month; (B) number of people
 initiating OAT each month (including first-timers and those re-entering
 treatment following a period of >28 days off treatment); and (C) number
 of people dropping out of OAT each month, identified as having exited
 the CTL. Dropout excludes deaths and transfers to other settings, such as
 hospitals or prison.

description: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.josat.2023.209029
title: Pore-scale study of cyclic injection and microbial activity on H2 recovery and loss mechanisms during underground H2 storage
Creators: name: LIU, Na
name: Lysyy, Maksim
name: Dopffel, Nicole
name: Fernø, Martin
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2023

description:
Underground H2 storage (UHS) in salt caverns, deep saline formations, and depleted oil/gas reservoirs has emerged as a reliable and safe technology for storing renewable energy and reducing carbon dioxide emissions. H2 gas, however, is one of the most important electron donors for many subsurface microorganisms. During the multiple cycles of H2 injection and withdrawal operations, a certain amount of H2 is permanently lost due to various physical, chemical, and biological mechanisms. Although research in UHS in porous media is evolving, our understanding of the impacts of cyclic loading and microbial activity on H2 recovery and loss mechanisms remains inadequate.

In this study, we present recent findings from a quantitative investigation of H2 reconnection and recovery mechanisms in repeated injection-withdrawal cycles using a microfluidic pore network simulating shallow reservoir storage conditions (30 barg). Our results reveal that H2 storage capacities increase with higher injection rates, ranging between approximately 10% and 60%. Additionally, we observed the growth of a typical halophilic sulfate-reducing bacterium in the hydrogen-saturated pore network for 9 days. Significant H2 loss occurred due to microbial consumption within 2 days following injection into the microfluidic device. These results may have significant implications for hydrogen recovery and gas injectivity. Microvisual experiments provide critical observations of bubble-liquid interfacial area and reaction rate that are essential to the modeling that is needed to make long-term predictions. Our results contribute to improving the selection criteria for future storage sites, ensuring optimized and efficient H2 storage and utilization.
Additional file 1: of A novel BMI-1 inhibitor QW24 for the treatment of stem-like colorectal cancer
Creators: name: Wang, Jinhua
name: Xing, Yajing
name: Wang, Yingying
name: He, Yundong
name: Wang, Liting
name: Peng, Shihong
name: Yang, Lianfang
name: Xie, Jiuqing
name: Li, Xiaotao
name: Qiu, Wenwei
name: Yi, Zhengfang
name: Liu, Mingyao
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Figure S1. The screening process of compounds to down-regulate BMI-1. A, Schematic illustrates the screening process of QW24 which can down-regulate BMI-1. B and C, The compounds with IC50 less than 1 μM in HCT116 and HT29 cells were listed (B) and the chemical structures of the compounds were shown (C). D, HCT116 cells were treated with the indicated compounds and concentrations for 12 h. Cells were lysed and BMI-1 protein level was measured by western blotting analysis. E, HCT116 cells were treated with the indicated concentrations of QW24 or QW30 for 24 h. Cells were lysed and BMI-1 protein level was measured by western blotting analysis. F, The normal cell lines, including human normal liver cell L02, human skin fibroblast cell HAF, human normal colon epithelium cell NCM460 and human umbilical vein endothelial cell HUVEC, were seeded in 96-well plates (3000 cells/well) and treated with 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4 μM of QW24 after cells were attached. After 72 h incubation, cell growth was measured by SRB assay. Data are presented as mean ± s.d. (n = 5); **, P < 0.01; ***, P < 0.001. (DOCX 100 kb)
Cephalometric Features of Moyamoya Disease: a case control study
Creators: name: Zeenat Qureshi Stroke Institutes
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Contribution of authors—Adnan I Qureshi, Waqas I Gilani MD, Sarwat I. Gilani MD, Malik M. Adil MD . Equally assisted in the synthesis and discussion of ideas, and share equal responsibility for the information written in the manuscript above. Conflict of Interest—No conflict of interests. Running title—Cephalometric Features of Moyamoya Disease Background—Moyamoya disease is highly prevalent among patients with syndromes that have unique cephalometric characteristics such as Down syndrome. We performed a case control study to investigate the relationship between cephalometric parameters and Moyamoya disease. Methods—Patients [aged 16-82 years] with angiographically confirmed Moyamoya disease who underwent cranial CT scan were analyzed. We identified three controls for each patient who were matched for age (±1 year), gender, and race (white or African American). The fronto-occipital diameter, bi-parietal diameter, and distance between bregma and occiput were measured from the head CT scans of cases and controls. The cephalic index was calculated by determining the ratio between bi-parietal diameter and fronto-occipital diameter and multiplying the value by 100. Results—A total of 13 cases of Moyamoya disease and 39 controls were analyzed. The stage of Moyamoya disease in cases was as follows: stage 1 (n=0), stage 2 (n=1), stage 3 (n=4), stage 4 (n=2), stage 5 (n=5) and stage 6 (n=1). There was a significantly greater bi-parietal diameter in Moyamoya disease patients compared with controls (141.5±3.7 mm versus 136.9±5.4 mm, p=0.007). There was a significantly greater fronto-occipital diameter in Moyamoya disease patients compared with controls (186.5±6.5 mm versus 180.2±8.7mm, p=0.02). The distance between bregma and occiput was shorter among cases compared with controls (81.1±6.2 versus 87.5±7.0, p=0.01).
Metazoans and microbial diversity. Following the Mediterranean Outflow Water: a characterization of community connectivity driven by water masses from Alboran to the Azores
Creators: name: Brandt, Miriam
name: Trouche, Blandine
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: Miriam Brandt & Blandine Trouche (IFREMER) gave this presentation at the 4th ATLAS General Assembly.
The Nuts and Bolts of Einstein-Maxwell Solutions
Creators: name: Bobev, Nikolay
name: Ruef, Clement
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We find new non-supersymmetric solutions of five-dimensional ungauged supergravity coupled to two vector multiplets. The solutions are regular, horizonless and have the same asymptotic charges as non-extremal charged black holes. An essential ingredient in our construction is a four-dimensional Euclidean base which is a solution to Einstein-Maxwell equations. We construct stationary solutions based on the Euclidean dyonic Reissner-Nordstrom black hole as well as a six-parameter family with a dyonic Kerr-Newman-NUT base. These solutions can be viewed as compactifications of eleven-dimensional supergravity on a six-torus and we discuss their brane interpretation.
description: 29 pages, 3 figures
Linking chondrocyte and synovial transcriptional profile to clinical phenotype in osteoarthritis
Creators: name: Steinberg, Julia
name: Southam, Lorraine
name: Fontalis, Andreas
name: Clark, Matthew J
name: Jayasuriya, Raveen L
name: Swift, Diane
name: Shah, Karan M
name: Brooks, Roger A
name: McCaskie, Andrew W
name: Wilkinson, Jeremy Mark
name: Zeggini, Eleftheria
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Osteoarthritis
1506
2311
2497
osteoarthritis
chondrocytes
inflammation

description: Funder: NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre
description: Objectives: To determine how gene expression profiles in osteoarthritis joint tissues relate to patient phenotypes and whether molecular subtypes can be reproducibly captured by a molecular classification algorithm. Methods: We analysed RNA sequencing data from cartilage and synovium in 113 osteoarthritis patients, applying unsupervised clustering and Multi-Omics Factor Analysis to characterise transcriptional profiles. We tested the association of the molecularly defined patient subgroups with clinical characteristics from electronic health records. Results: We detected two patient subgroups in low-grade cartilage (showing no/minimal degeneration, cartilage normal/softening only), with differences associated with inflammation, extracellular matrix-related and cell adhesion pathways. The high-inflammation subgroup was associated with female sex (OR 4.12, p=0.0024) and prescription of proton pump inhibitors (OR 4.21, p=0.0040). We identified two independent patient subgroupings in osteoarthritis synovium: one related to inflammation and the other to extracellular matrix and cell adhesion processes. A seven-gene classifier including MMP13, APOD, MMP2, MMP1, CYTL1, IL6 and C15orf48 recapitulated the main axis of molecular heterogeneity in low-grade knee osteoarthritis cartilage (correlation ρ=−0.88, p<10−10) and was reproducible in an independent patient cohort (ρ=−0.85, p<10−10). Conclusions: These data support the reproducible stratification of osteoarthritis patients by molecular subtype and the exploration of new avenues for tailored treatments.
Heat flow method to Lichnerowicz type equation on closed manifolds
Creators: name: Ma, Li
name: Sun, Yuhua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35J60, 53C21

description: In this paper, we establish existence results for positive solutions to the Lichnerowicz equation of the following type in closed manifolds -Δu=A(x)u^{-p}-B(x)u^{q},\quad in\quad M, where $p>1, q>0$, and $A(x)>0$, $B(x)\geq0$ are given smooth functions. Our analysis is based on the global existence of positive solutions to the following heat equation {ll} u_t-Δu=A(x)u^{-p}-B(x)u^{q},\quad in\quad M\times\mathbb{R}^{+}, u(x,0)=u_0,\quad in\quad M with the positive smooth initial data $u_0$.
description: 10 pages
ASSESSING EFFECTIVENESS FOR JUGAAD IN DIRECT EVAPORATIVE COOLING TECHNOLOGIES
Creators: name: Vikas Kumar
name: Arjun Mukerji
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: The study aims to develop a framework for evaluating Jugaad cooling systems to identify affordable and sustainable cooling solutions for lower socio-economic groups. It compares three innovative Jugaad cooling systems (window, table, and ceiling coolers) with conventional desert coolers using a life cycle analysis to evaluate cost-effectiveness, CO2 emissions, energy consumption, and cooling capacity, for assessing functional effectiveness. The results highlight the table cooler as the most economical and resource-efficient option, despite its lower cooling capacity and higher CO2 emissions. The developed framework provides a tool for stakeholders to assess cooling solutions aligned with economic and environmental goals
Deep Learning Based Salient Object Detection for the Detection of Stains and Holes on Patterned Laundry
Creators: name: Huxohl, Tamino
Publisher: name: Universität Bielefeld
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 004

description: The detection of defects is an import part of quality management in many industrial processes, since defective products can either be repaired or sorted out at an early stage. One application area is the detection of stains and holes on laundry after washing in order to sort out items of laundry containing holes or to rewash them if they contain tenacious stains. Little research has been conducted in this field to date because laundry is crumpled during and after washing so that it is impossible to capture images where defects are visible. However, there are research efforts, such as the Flachwaschen Project, that look at washing laundry flat and thus allow its automatic inspection. In this context, the doctoral thesis at hand investigates the use of transfer learning with deep learning methods for salient object detection to detect defects on patterned laundry. To this end, a custom dataset of images of laundry was created, and images were labeled pixel by pixel as defective or clean. Based on this dataset, it is shown that salient object detection is a good fit for this task, as defects are detected and patterns are ignored. It becomes apparent that the common measures for salient object detection are unsuitable for an application-oriented evaluation. This is why a custom measure is developed. Using this measure, it is ascertained that the addition of a backlight to the image acquisition enables the detection of defects on the back of laundry. Furthermore, it is shown that salient object detection methods generalize well to unknown patterns, and if there are structures that cause errors, a quick fine-tuning with little data is sufficient to improve performance. Moreover, results reveal that pixel-wise labeling by humans is error-prone, which means that defects are labeled roughly or are overlooked entirely. It turns out that the inaccurate labels are the main bottleneck for the defect detection performance and the interpretability of the evaluation. Consequently, it is shown that a self-training approach can be used to improve the labels by adding overlooked defects from a model’s predictions, which in turn boosts model performance.
Sizes and ages of SDSS ellipticals: Comparison with hierarchical galaxy formation models
Creators: name: Shankar, Francesco
name: Marulli, Federico
name: Bernardi, Mariangela
name: Dai, Xinyu
name: Hyde, Joseph B.
name: Sheth, Ravi K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a sample of about 45,700 early-type galaxies extracted from SDSS, we find that the shape, normalization, and dispersion around the mean size-stellar mass relation is the same for young and old systems, provided the stellar mass is greater than 3*10^10 Msun. This is difficult to reproduce in pure passive evolution models, which generically predict older galaxies to be much more compact than younger ones of the same stellar mass. However, this aspect of our measurements is well reproduced by hierarchical models of galaxy formation. Whereas the models predict more compact galaxies at high redshifts, subsequent minor, dry mergers increase the sizes of the more massive objects, resulting in a flat size-age relation at the present time. At lower masses, the models predict that mergers are less frequent, so that the expected anti-correlation between age and size is not completely erased. This is in good agreement with our data: below 3*10^10 Msun, the effective radius R_e is a factor of ~2 lower for older galaxies. These successes of the models are offset by the fact that the predicted sizes have other serious problems, which we discuss.
description: 13 pages, 9 Figures, 1 Table. Accepted by MNRAS
Axion cold dark matter in non-standard cosmologies
Creators: name: Visinelli, Luca
name: Gondolo, Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the parameter space of cold dark matter axions in two cosmological scenarios with non-standard thermal histories before Big Bang nucleosynthesis: the Low Temperature Reheating (LTR) cosmology and the kination cosmology. If the Peccei-Quinn symmetry breaks during inflation, we find more allowed parameter space in the LTR cosmology than in the standard cosmology and less in the kination cosmology. On the contrary, if the Peccei-Quinn symmetry breaks after inflation, the Peccei-Quinn scale is orders of magnitude higher than standard in the LTR cosmology and lower in the kination cosmology. We show that the axion velocity dispersion may be used to distinguish some of these non-standard cosmologies. Thus, axion cold dark matter may be a good probe of the history of the Universe before Big Bang nucleosynthesis.
description: 38 pages, 6 figures
Additional file 2: of A novel BMI-1 inhibitor QW24 for the treatment of stem-like colorectal cancer
Creators: name: Wang, Jinhua
name: Xing, Yajing
name: Wang, Yingying
name: He, Yundong
name: Wang, Liting
name: Peng, Shihong
name: Yang, Lianfang
name: Xie, Jiuqing
name: Li, Xiaotao
name: Qiu, Wenwei
name: Yi, Zhengfang
name: Liu, Mingyao
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biochemistry
Cell Biology
Molecular Biology
Pharmacology
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Developmental Biology
Cancer
Hematology

description: Figure S2. QW24 inhibits colorectal cancer cells proliferation more significantly than PTC-209. A, HCT116, HT29 and HCT8 cells were treated with indicated concentrations of PTC-209 or QW24 for 7 days, and the cell colonies were counted. Data are presented as mean ± s.d. (n = 3); *, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01; ***, P < 0.001. B, HT29, HCT8 and CT26 cells were seeded in 96-well plates (3000 cells/well) and treated with 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4 μM of QW24 or PTC-209 after cells were attached. After 72 h incubation, cell growth was determined by SRB assay. Data are presented as mean ± s.d. (n = 5); *, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01; ***, P < 0.001. (DOCX 210 kb)
title: High resolution image of the Moho in the Eastern Alpine–Dinaric transition and implications for Alpine tectonic history
Creators: name: Mroczek, Stefan
name: Tilmann, Frederik
name: Jan, Pleuger
name: Yuan, Xiaohui
name: Ben, Heit
name: -, SWATH-D Working Group
name: -, AlpArray Working Group
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2023

description:
The tectonic structure of the Eastern Alps is heavily debated with successive geophysical studies that are unable to resolve areas of ambiguity (e.g., the presence of a switch in subduction polarity and differing crustal models). In order to better understand this area, we produce a high resolution Moho map of the Eastern Alps based on a dense seismic broadband array deployment. Moho depths were derived from joint analysis of receiver function images of direct conversions and multiple reflections for both the SV (radial) and SH (transverse) components, which enables us to map overlapping and inclined discontinuities. We observe the European Moho to be underlying the Adriatic Moho from the west up to the eastern edge of the Tauern Window. East of the Tauern Window, a sharp transition from underthrusting European to a flat and thinned crust associated with Pannonian extension tectonics occurs, which is underthrust by both European crust in the north and by Adriatic crust in the south. The Adriatic lithosphere underthrusts northward below the Southern Alps and becomes steeper and deeper towards the Dinarides where it dips towards the north-east. Our results suggest that the steep high velocity region in the mantle below the Eastern Alps, observed in tomographic studies, is likely to be of European origin.
Long term time variability of cosmic rays and possible relevance to the development of life on Earth
Creators: name: Erlykin, A. D.
name: Wolfendale, A. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An analysis is made of the manner in which the cosmic ray intensity at Earth has varied over its existence and its possible relevance to both the origin and the evolution of life. Much of the analysis relates to the 'high energy' cosmic rays ($E>10^{14}eV;=0.1PeV$) and their variability due to the changing proximity of the solar system to supernova remnants which are generally believed to be responsible for most cosmic rays up to PeV energies. It is pointed out that, on a statistical basis, there will have been considerable variations in the likely 100 My between the Earth's biosphere reaching reasonable stability and the onset of very elementary life. Interestingly, there is the increasingly strong possibility that PeV cosmic rays are responsible for the initiation of terrestrial lightning strokes and the possibility arises of considerable increases in the frequency of lightnings and thereby the formation of some of the complex molecules which are the 'building blocks of life'. Attention is also given to the well known generation of the oxides of nitrogen by lightning strokes which are poisonous to animal life but helpful to plant growth; here, too, the violent swings of cosmic ray intensities may have had relevance to evolutionary changes. A particular variant of the cosmic ray acceleration model, put forward by us, predicts an increase in lightning rate in the past and this has been sought in Korean historical records. Finally, the time dependence of the overall cosmic ray intensity, which manifests itself mainly at sub-10 GeV energies, has been examined. The relevance of cosmic rays to the 'global electrical circuit' points to the importance of this concept.
description: 18 pages, 5 figures, accepted by 'Surveys in Geophysics'
The development of structural reasoning abut social inequality
Creators: name: Hall, Cameron E.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2023

description: Structural inequalities create and perpetuate discrepant outcomes between social groups. However, both adults and children more often attribute discrepancies between social groups to internal factors of individuals, rather than to structural causes—a tendency which has been linked to increased prejudice toward disadvantaged group members across development. Therefore, promoting structural reasoning in childhood may serve as a means to mitigate the development of social biases. Across three studies we investigated children’s (3-to-8-years-old) ability to selectively make structural attributions for social inequality. Study 1 examined how equitable or inequitable outcomes between groups influenced children’s perception of structural factors and their ability to endorse structural attributions. Study 2 aimed to address alternative explanations for previous findings. In Study 3 we explored children’s ability to accurately map structural and internalist attributions to appropriate scenarios. Together, these three studies shed light on the developmental trajectory of structural reasoning. At 3-to-4-years-old, children demonstrated the capacity to recognize structural constraints and appropriately attribute outcomes to their respective internal and structural causes. By age five, children can also overcome internalist defaults to evaluate structural attributions for social inequality as superior. These findings suggest that children as young as three years old are capable of selectively applying structural reasoning and provide insight into how this type of reasoning may influence the development of intergroup biases.
Muhammad, the Prophet
Creators: name: Şentürk, Recep
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2006
Subjects: Encyclopaedias
Religion
Reference
History

description: Islamic civilization flourished in the Middle Ages across a vast geographical area that spans today's Middle and Near East. Islamic civilization during that era was a thriving society whose contributions in diverse fields as science, medicine, mathematics, literature, and philosophy left an indelible mark on Europe. Medieval Islamic Civilization examines the socio-cultural history of the regions where Islam took hold between the 7th and 16th century. This important two-volume work contains over 700 alphabetically arranged entries, contributed and signed by international scholars and experts in fields such as Arabic languages, Arabic literature, architecture, art history, history, history of science, Islamic arts, Islamic studies, Middle Eastern studies, Near Eastern studies, politics, religion, Semitic studies, theology, and more. This reference provides an exhaustive and vivid portrait of Islamic civilization including the many scientific, artistic, and religious developments as well as all aspects of daily life and culture. Entries also explore the importance of interfaith relations and the permeation of persons, ideas, and objects across geographical and intellectual boundaries between Europe and the Islamic world.
title: Prevailing deteriorated palaeoenvironments related to the hyperthermal Permian-Triassic mass extinction
Creators: name: Zhu, Zhicai
name: Liu, Yongqing
name: Kuang, Hongwei
name: Farnsworth, Alex J.
name: Newell, Andrew J.
name: Benton, Michael J.
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2023

description:
The Permian-Triassic mass extinction, one of the most severe biotic crises in Earth's history, has been attributed to sharp heating (nearly 15°C in low-latitude areas) initially triggered by massive volcanic eruptions of the Siberian Traps in the latest Permian. Drastic environmental changes have been identified worldwide, both in the sea and on land. However, the connections of global palaeoclimate changes, particularly their detection in complex terrestrial systems, remain debatable. Here, based on sedimentological and geochemical data and state-of-the-art modelling from North China, we emphasise the drastically deteriorated palaeoenvironments (e.g. unstable, drought and intermittent heavy precipitation) under a regime of sharp heating, mass wasting and acid rain on land may be significant causes of the mass killing events near the end-Permian and the subsequent Early Triassic long-lasting stressed terrestrial palaeoclimate that delayed the recovery of life. Understanding the Permian-Triassic hyperthermal crisis may also provide critical insight into similar events of different magnitudes in Earth's history, and could inform our near future, in the context of anthropogenic warming and our rapidly changing planet.
Cervical screening attendance and cervical cancer risk among women who have sex with women
Creators: name: Saunders, Catherine L
name: Massou, Efthalia
name: Waller, Jo
name: Meads, Catherine
name: Marlow, Laura AV
name: Usher-Smith, Juliet A
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Original Articles
Bowel screening
breast screening
cervical intraepithelial neoplasia
cervical screening
sexual minority health
women who have sex with women

description: Objectives: To describe cervical cancer screening participation among women who have sex exclusively with women (WSEW) and women who have sex with women and men (WSWM) compared with women who have sex exclusively with men (WSEM), and women who have never had sex and compare this with bowel (colorectal) and breast screening participation. To explore whether there is evidence of differential stage 3 cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN3) or cervical cancer risk. Methods: We describe cervical, bowel and breast cancer screening uptake in age groups eligible for the national screening programmes, prevalent CIN3 and cervical cancer at baseline, and incident CIN3 and cervical cancer at five years follow-up, among 218,674 women in UK Biobank, a cohort of healthy volunteers from the UK. Results: Compared with WSEM, in adjusted analysis [odds ratio (95% confidence interval)], WSEW 0.10 (0.08–0.13), WSWM 0.73 (0.58–0.91), and women who have never had sex 0.02 (0.01–0.02) were less likely to report ever having attended cervical screening. There were no differences when considering bowel cancer screening uptake (p = 0.61). For breast cancer screening, attendance was lower among WSWM 0.79 (0.68 to 0.91) and women who have never had sex 0.47 (0.29–0.58), compared with WSEM. There were incident and prevalent cases of both CIN3 and cervical cancer among WSEW and WSWM. Compared with WSEM with a single male partner, among WSEW there was a twofold increase in CIN3 1.91 (1.01 to 3.59); among WSWM with only one male partner, this was 2.25 (1.19 to 4.24). Conclusions: These findings highlight the importance of improving uptake of cervical screening among all women who have sex with women and breast screening among WSWM and women who have never had sex.
title: Giant impacts onto magma ocean: metal-silicate mixing constrained by coupling analogue laboratory experiments and numerical modelling
Creators: name: Allibert, Laetitia
name: Landeau, Maylis
name: Nakajima, Miki
name: Röhlen, Randolph
name: Maller, Augustin
name: Wünnemann, Kai
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2023

description:
Planetary formation models suggest that Earth experienced multiple high-energy impacts. Among those, the Moon-forming event is thought to be responsible for melting a large fraction of proto-Earth’s silicate mantle. Mixing of the impactor’s metallic core into Earth's silicate mantle controlled the chemical equilibration between metal and silicates, and hence the respective compositions of Earth's core and mantle. The extent of this mixing is, however, still debated. Previous studies explore mixing upon large impacts either with numerical modelling or with analog laboratory experiments. Numerical simulations are efficient in that they reproduce the shock physics of hypervelocity impacts. However, their spatial resolution is too limited to produce the turbulent features responsible for metal-silicate mixing in a magma ocean. Liquid impact experiments on the other hand are subsonic and hence neglect compressibility effects. However, they produce small-scale mixing and turbulence, which is crucial in estimating metal-silicate equilibration. Recent simulations and experiments disagree on the degree of mixing between the impactor and target materials. The origin of these differences is still unclear and requires further investigation. We present a scaling-law developed to extend the laboratory experiments results to hypervelocity cases and its further application the the metal-silicate mixing upon impact. We find that the Mach number (impact velocity to sound speed ratio) affects the metal-silicate mixing upon impacts, but that its effect depends on the other impact parameters such as the impactor size.