cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Atomic and Electronic Structures of Correlated SrRuO3/SrTiO3 Superlattices
Creators: name: Jeong, Seung Gyo
name: Mohamed, Ahmed Yousef
name: Cho, Deok-Yong
name: Choi, Woo Seok
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Atomic-scale precision epitaxy of perovskite oxide superlattices provides unique opportunities for controlling the correlated electronic structures, activating effective control knobs for intriguing functionalities including electromagnetic, thermoelectric, and electrocatalytic behaviors. In this study, we investigated the close interplay between the atomic and electronic structures of correlated superlattices synthesized by atomic-scale precision epitaxy. In particular, we employ superlattices composed of correlated magnetic SrRuO3 (SRO) and quantum paraelectric SrTiO3 (STO) layers. In those superlattices, RuO6 octahedral distortion is systematically controlled from 167 to 175 degrees depending on the thickness of the STO layers, also affecting the TiO6 octahedral distortion within the STO layer. Customized octahedral distortion within SRO/STO superlattices in turn modifies the electronic structures of both the Ti and Ru compounds, observed by X-ray absorption spectroscopy. Our results identify the close correlation between atomic lattice and electronic structures enabled by the facile controllability of atomic-scale epitaxy, which would be useful for designing future correlated oxide devices.
description: 14 pages
Public Decision-making about Low-Carbon Electricity Generation
Creators: name: Fleishman, Lauren Alyse
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 160510 Public Policy
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: 99999 Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies

description: To mitigate the effects of climate change, the U.S. will need a widespread deployment of energy efficiency efforts and low-carbon electricity generating technologies including nuclear, wind, natural gas, and coal with carbon capture and sequestration (CCS), technologies that separate CO2 emissions from the flue-gas of fossil fuel power plants and sequester it in deep underground geological formations. The feasibility of this strategy will partially depend on public acceptance of these technologies as part of a national energy policy. To varying degrees, public misconceptions and knowledge gaps exist for each of these low-carbon technologies. Thus, people need balanced and comparative information to make informed decisions about which low-carbon electricity technologies and portfolios to support.
In this thesis, we describe paper-based and computer-based communications presenting multi-attribute descriptions about the costs, benefits, risks and limitations of ten electricity technologies and low-carbon portfolios composed of those technologies. Participants are first asked to rank the technologies under a hypothetical scenario where future power plant construction in Pennsylvania must meet a CO2 emissions constraint. Next, participants attend small group meetings where they rank seven portfolios that meet a specific CO2 emission limit. In a subsequent study, participants instead construct their own low-carbon portfolio using a computer decision tool that restricts portfolio designs to realistic technology combinations. We find that our participants could understand and consistently use our communications to help inform their decisions about low-carbon technologies. We conclude that our informed participants preferred energy efficiency, nuclear, and coal (gasification) with CCS, as well as diverse portfolios including these technologies.
The thesis continues with a retrospective view for the value of research that elicits general public opinions of CCS and that develops communications to educate people about low-carbon electricity generation. In the latter, we find that the knowledge of science teachers may be insufficient to correct common public misconceptions about low-carbon technologies among their students. Thus, the communications we developed for this thesis could also benefit science teachers.
Overall, we conclude that the computer tool, supplemental materials and procedure developed for this thesis may be valuable for educating the general public about low-carbon electricity generation.
Computation of the O(p^6) order low-energy constants: an update
Creators: name: Jiang, Shao-Zhou
name: Wei, Zhen-Long
name: Chen, Qing-Sen
name: Wang, Qing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We update our original low-energy constants to the O(p6) order, including two and three flavours, the normal and anomalous ones. Following a comparative analysis, the O(p4) results are considered better. In the O(p6) order, most of our results are consistent or better with those we have found in the literature, although several are worse.
description: 30 pages, 2 figures
Vocabulary-informed Zero-shot and Open-set Learning
Creators: name: Fu, Yanwei
name: Wang, Xiaomei
name: Dong, Hanze
name: Jiang, Yu-Gang
name: Wang, Meng
name: Xue, Xiangyang
name: Sigal, Leonid
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Despite significant progress in object categorization, in recent years, a number of important challenges remain; mainly, the ability to learn from limited labeled data and to recognize object classes within large, potentially open, set of labels. Zero-shot learning is one way of addressing these challenges, but it has only been shown to work with limited sized class vocabularies and typically requires separation between supervised and unsupervised classes, allowing former to inform the latter but not vice versa. We propose the notion of vocabulary-informed learning to alleviate the above mentioned challenges and address problems of supervised, zero-shot, generalized zero-shot and open set recognition using a unified framework. Specifically, we propose a weighted maximum margin framework for semantic manifold-based recognition that incorporates distance constraints from (both supervised and unsupervised) vocabulary atoms. Distance constraints ensure that labeled samples are projected closer to their correct prototypes, in the embedding space, than to others. We illustrate that resulting model shows improvements in supervised, zero-shot, generalized zero-shot, and large open set recognition, with up to 310K class vocabulary on Animal with Attributes and ImageNet datasets.
description: 17 pages, 8 figures. TPAMI 2019 extended from CVPR 2016 (arXiv:1604.07093)
Additional file 3 of Traditional medical practices for children in five islands from the Society archipelago (French Polynesia)
Creators: name: Chassagne, François
name: Butaud, Jean-François
name: Ho, Raimana
name: Conte, Eric
name: Hnawia, Édouard
name: Raharivelomanana, Phila
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: Medicine
Biotechnology
Cancer
Science Policy

description: Additional file 3: Table S3. Summary of the efficacy and toxicity assessment of the most cited plants associated with their main uses (based on a bibliographic review).
UVIT view of Centaurus A; a detailed study on positive AGN feedback
Creators: name: Joseph, Prajwel
name: Sreekumar, P.
name: Stalin, C. S.
name: Paul, K. T.
name: Mondal, Chayan
name: George, Koshy
name: Mathew, Blesson
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: $\require{mediawiki-texvc}$ Supermassive black holes at the centre of active galactic nuclei (AGN) produce relativistic jets that can affect the star formation characteristics of the AGN hosts. Observations in the ultraviolet (UV) band can provide an excellent view of the effect of AGN jets on star formation. Here, we present a census of star formation properties in the Northern Star-forming Region (NSR) that spans about 20 kpc of the large radio source Centaurus A hosted by the giant elliptical galaxy NGC 5128. In this region, we identified 352 UV sources associated with Cen A using new observations at an angular resolution of $<$1.5 arcseconds observed with the Ultra-Violet Imaging Telescope (UVIT) onboard AstroSat. These observations were carried out in one far-ultraviolet (FUV; $λ_{\text{mean}}$ = 1481 $Å$) and three near-ultraviolet (NUV; with $λ_{\text{mean}}$ of 2196 $Å$, 2447 $Å$, and 2792 $Å$, respectively) bands. The star-forming sources identified in UV tend to lie in the direction of the jet of Cen A, thereby suggesting jet triggering of star formation. Separating the NSR into Outer and Inner regions, we found the stars in the Inner region to have a relatively younger age than the Outer region, suggesting that the two regions may have different star formation histories. We also provide the UVIT source catalogue in the NSR.
description: Accepted for publication by MNRAS. Data and Jupyter notebooks are available at https://github.com/prajwel/Centaurus-A_NSR . 15 pages, 19 figures, 6 tables
Census of HII regions in NGC 6754 derived with MUSE: Constraints on the metal mixing scale
Creators: name: Sánchez, S. F.
name: Galbany, L.
name: Pérez, E.
name: Sánchez-Blázquez, P.
name: Falcón-Barroso, J.
name: Rosales-Ortega, F. F.
name: Sánchez-Menguiano, L.
name: Marino, R.
name: Kuncarayakti, H.
name: Anderson, J. P.
name: Kruehler, T.
name: Cano-Díaz, M.
name: Barrera-Ballesteros, J. K.
name: González-González, J. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a study of the HII regions in the galaxy NGC 6754 from a two pointing mosaic comprising 197,637 individual spectra, using Integral Field Spectrocopy (IFS) recently acquired with the MUSE instrument during its Science Verification program. The data cover the entire galaxy out to ~2 effective radii (re ), sampling its morphological structures with unprecedented spatial resolution for a wide-field IFU. A complete census of the H ii regions limited by the atmospheric seeing conditions was derived, comprising 396 individual ionized sources. This is one of the largest and most complete catalogue of H ii regions with spectroscopic information in a single galaxy. We use this catalogue to derive the radial abundance gradient in this SBb galaxy, finding a negative gradient with a slope consistent with the characteristic value for disk galaxies recently reported. The large number of H ii regions allow us to estimate the typical mixing scale-length (rmix ~0.4 re ), which sets strong constraints on the proposed mechanisms for metal mixing in disk galaxies, like radial movements associated with bars and spiral arms, when comparing with simulations. We found evidence for an azimuthal variation of the oxygen abundance, that may be related with the radial migration. These results illustrate the unique capabilities of MUSE for the study of the enrichment mechanisms in Local Universe galaxies.
description: 13 pages, 7 Figurs, accepted for publishing in A&A
The SAMI Galaxy Survey: Spatially resolving the main sequence of star formation
Creators: name: Scott, N.
name: Sharp, R.
name: Medling, A.M.
name: Cortese, L.
name: Wright, A.
name: Cecil, G.
name: Croom, S.M.
name: Taylor, E.
name: Green, A.W.
name: Zafar, T.
name: Lorente, N.P.F.
name: Richards, S.N.
name: Ho, I.-T.
name: Groves, B.
name: Sweet, S.M.
name: Couch, W.J.
name: Bryant, J.J.
name: Davies, L.J.M.
name: Taranu, D.S.
name: Owers, M.S.,
name: Bland-Hawthorn, J.
name: Federrath, C.
name: Goldstein, G.
name: Foster, C.
name: van de Sande, J.
name: Walcher, C.J.
name: Catinella, B.
name: Moffett, A.J.
name: Lawrence, J.S.
name: Schaefer, A.L.
name: Hopkins, A.
name: Lewis, G.F.
name: Bekki, K.
name: Colless, M.
name: Drinkwater, M.J.
name: Bloom, J.V.
name: Brough, S.
name: Hampton, E.
name: McDermid, R.
name: Driver, S.P.
name: Tonini, C.
name: Kewley, L.J.
name: Tescari, E.
name: Leslie, S.K.
name: Goodwin, M.
Publisher: name: Oxford University Press
Year: 2018

description: We present the ~800 star formation rate maps for the Sydney-AAO Multi-object Integral field spectrograph (SAMI) Galaxy Survey based on Ha emission maps, corrected for dust attenuation via the Balmer decrement, that are included in the SAMI Public Data Release 1. We mask out spaxels contaminated by non-stellar emission using the [O III]/H β, [NII]/H α, [S II]/H α, and [O I]/H α line ratios. Using thesemaps, we examine the global and resolved starforming main sequences of SAMI galaxies as a function of morphology, environmental density, and stellar mass. Galaxies further below the star-forming main sequence are more likely to have flatter star formation profiles. Early-type galaxies split into two populations with similar stellar masses and central stellar mass surface densities. The main-sequence population has centrally concentrated star formation similar to late-type galaxies, while galaxies > 3σ below the main sequence show significantly reduced star formation most strikingly in the nuclear regions. The split populations support a two-step quenching mechanism, wherein halo mass first cuts off the gas supply and remaining gas continues to form stars until the local stellar mass surface density can stabilize the reduced remaining fuel against further star formation. Across all morphologies, galaxies in denser environments show a decreased specific star formation rate from the outside in, supporting an environmental cause for quenching, such as ram-pressure stripping or galaxy interactions.
Chandra and XMM-Newton Observations of the Bimodal Planck SZ-detected Cluster PLCKG345.40-39.34 (A3716) with High and Low Entropy Subcluster Cores
Creators: name: Andrade-Santos, Felipe
name: Jones, Christine
name: Forman, William R.
name: Murray, Stephen S.
name: Kraft, Ralph P.
name: Vikhlinin, Alexey
name: van Weeren, Reinout J.
name: Nulsen, Paul E. J.
name: David, Laurence P.
name: Dawson, William A.
name: Arnaud, Monique
name: Pointecouteau, Etienne
name: Pratt, Gabriel W.
name: Melin, Jean-Baptiste
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results from Chandra, XMM-Newton, and ROSAT observations of the Planck SZ-detected cluster A3716 (PLCKG345.40-39.34 - G345). We show that G345 is, in fact, two subclusters separated on the sky by 400 kpc. We measure the subclusters' gas temperatures (~ 2-3 keV), total (~ 1-2 x 10^14 solar masses) and gas (~ 1-2 x 10^13 solar masses) masses, gas mass fraction within r500, entropy profiles, and X-ray luminosities (~ 10^43 erg/s). Using the gas density and temperature profiles for both subclusters, we show that there is good (0.8 sigma) agreement between the expected Sunyaev-Zel'dovich signal predicted from the X-ray data and that measured from the Planck mission, and better agreement within 0.6 sigma when we re-computed the Planck value assuming a two component cluster model, with relative amplitudes fixed based on the X-ray data. Dynamical analysis shows that the two galaxy subclusters are very likely (> 97% probability) gravitationally bound, and in the most likely scenario, the subclusters will undergo core passage in 500 +- 200 Myr. The northern subcluster is centrally peaked and has a low entropy core, while the southern subcluster has a high central entropy. The high central entropy in the southern subcluster can be explained either by the mergers of several groups, as suggested by the presence of five giant ellipticals or by AGN energy injection, as suggested by the presence of a strong radio source in one of its massive elliptical galaxies, or by a combination of both processes.
description: 14 pages, 10 figures, 9 tables. Accepted for publication in ApJ
AC Wien effect in spin ice, manifest in non-linear non-equilibrium susceptibility
Creators: name: Kaiser, Vojtěch
name: Bramwell, Steven T.
name: Holdsworth, Peter C. W.
name: Moessner, Roderich
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We predict the non-linear non-equilibrium response of a "magnetolyte", the Coulomb fluid of magnetic monopoles in spin ice. This involves an increase of the monopole density due to the second Wien effect---a universal and robust enhancement for Coulomb systems in an external field---which in turn speeds up the magnetization dynamics, manifest in a non-linear susceptibility. Along the way, we gain new insights into the AC version of the classic Wien effect. One striking discovery is that of a frequency window where the Wien effect for magnetolyte and electrolyte are indistinguishable, with the former exhibiting perfect symmetry between the charges. In addition, we find a new low-frequency regime where the growing magnetization counteracts the Wien effect. We discuss for what parameters best to observe the AC Wien effect in Dy$_2$Ti$_2$O$_7$.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures + Supplemental Material
Additional file 4 of Traditional medical practices for children in five islands from the Society archipelago (French Polynesia)
Creators: name: Chassagne, François
name: Butaud, Jean-François
name: Ho, Raimana
name: Conte, Eric
name: Hnawia, Édouard
name: Raharivelomanana, Phila
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: Medicine
Biotechnology
Cancer
Science Policy

description: Additional file 4: Table S4. Overview of the number of ingredients per remedy for the most cited children illnesses.
The SAMI Galaxy Survey: Data Release One with emission-line physics value-added products
Creators: name: Ho, I.-T.
name: Jones, D.H.
name: Owers, M.S.
name: Couch, W.J.
name: Scott, N.
name: Bauer, A.E.
name: van de Sande, J.
name: Sharp, R.
name: Konstantopoulos, I.S.
name: Richards, S.N.
name: Liske, J.
name: Green, A.W.
name: Schaefer, A.L.
name: Thomas, A.D.
name: Groves, B.
name: Allen, J.T.
name: Leon-Saval, S.G.
name: Sweet, S.M.
name: Medling, A.M.
name: Foster, C.
name: Brough, S.
name: Lopez-Sańchez, A.R.
name: McDermid, R.M.
name: Sealey, K.
name: Hopkins, A.M.
name: D'Eugenio, F.
name: Mould, J.
name: Obreschkow, D.
name: Hampton, E.J.
name: Federrath, C.
name: O'Toole, S.
name: Lawrence, J.S.
name: Cortese, L.
name: Zafar, T.
name: Cecil, G.
name: Croom, S.M.
name: Driver, S.P.
name: Taranu, D.S.
name: Drinkwater, M.J.
name: Robotham, A.S.G.
name: Goodwin, M.
name: Bland-Hawthorn, J.
name: Harischandra, L.
name: Tescari, E.
name: Vuong, M.
name: Bryant, J.J.
name: Colless, M.
name: Catinella, B.
name: Tonini, C.
name: Mannering, E.
name: Lorente, N.P.F.
Publisher: name: Oxford University Press
Year: 2018

description: We present the first major release of data from the SAMI Galaxy Survey. This data release focuses on the emission-line physics of galaxies. Data Release One includes data for 772 galaxies, about 20 per cent of the full survey. Galaxies included have the redshift range 0.004 < z < 0.092, a large mass range (7.6 < logM*/M⊙ < 11.6), and star formation rates of ~10-4 to ~101M⊙ yr-1. For each galaxy, we include two spectral cubes and a set of spatially resolved 2D maps: single- and multi-component emission-line fits (with dust-extinction corrections for strong lines), local dust extinction, and star formation rate. Calibration of the fibre throughputs, fluxes, and differential atmospheric refraction has been improved over the Early Data Release. The data have average spatial resolution of 2.16 arcsec (full width at half-maximum) over the 15 arcsec diameter field of view and spectral (kinematic) resolution of R = 4263 (σ = 30 km s-1) around Ha. The relative flux calibration is better than 5 per cent, and absolute flux calibration has an rms of 10 per cent. The data are presented online through the Australian Astronomical Observatory's Data Central.
Classical OBe Stars as Post-Supernova Runaways: Confirming Binary Origins
Creators: name: Dallas, Matthew M.
name: Oey, M. S.
name: Castro, Norberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Massive binaries play an important role in fields ranging from gravitational wave astronomy to stellar evolution. We provide several lines of evidence that classical OBe stars in the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) obtain their rapid rotation from mass and angular momentum transfer in massive binaries, which predicts that the subsequent supernovae should often eject OBe stars into the field. We find that (1) OBe stars have a higher field frequency than OB stars; (2) our cumulative distribution function (CDF) of stellar distances from O stars shows that OBe stars are indeed much more isolated than ordinary OB stars of corresponding spectral types; (3) the CDFs of OBe stars approach that of high-mass X-ray binaries (HMXBs), which are confirmed post-supernova objects; and (4) Oe stars are as isolated from clusters as Be stars, implying that their final masses are relatively independent of their initial masses, consistent with major mass transfer. Lastly, we also find that the spatial distribution of supergiant OBe stars differs from that of classical OBe stars, consistent with the different mechanism responsible for their emission-line spectra.
description: 11 pages, 4 tables, 4 figures
Additional file 1 of A systematic review of mechanistic models used to study avian influenza virus transmission and control
Creators: name: Lambert, Sébastien
name: Bauzile, Billy
name: Mugnier, Amélie
name: Durand, Benoit
name: Vergne, Timothée
name: Paul, Mathilde C.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Complete overview of search terms used in PubMed, Web of Science and CAB Abstracts.
Scene Synthesis from Human Motion
Creators: name: Ye, Sifan
name: Wang, Yixing
name: Li, Jiaman
name: Park, Dennis
name: Liu, C. Karen
name: Xu, Huazhe
name: Wu, Jiajun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Large-scale capture of human motion with diverse, complex scenes, while immensely useful, is often considered prohibitively costly. Meanwhile, human motion alone contains rich information about the scene they reside in and interact with. For example, a sitting human suggests the existence of a chair, and their leg position further implies the chair's pose. In this paper, we propose to synthesize diverse, semantically reasonable, and physically plausible scenes based on human motion. Our framework, Scene Synthesis from HUMan MotiON (SUMMON), includes two steps. It first uses ContactFormer, our newly introduced contact predictor, to obtain temporally consistent contact labels from human motion. Based on these predictions, SUMMON then chooses interacting objects and optimizes physical plausibility losses; it further populates the scene with objects that do not interact with humans. Experimental results demonstrate that SUMMON synthesizes feasible, plausible, and diverse scenes and has the potential to generate extensive human-scene interaction data for the community.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures. Published in SIGGRAPH Asia 2022. Sifan Ye and Yixing Wang share equal contribution. Huazhe Xu and Jiajun Wu share equal contribution
Hyperbolic phonon-polaritons in boron nitride for near-field optical imaging
Creators: name: Li, Peining
name: Lewin, Martin
name: Kretinin, Andrey V.
name: Caldwell, Joshua D.
name: Novoselov, Kostya S.
name: Taniguchi, Takashi
name: Watanabe, Kenji
name: Gaussmann, Fabian
name: Taubner, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Optical imaging beyond the diffraction limit was one of the primary motivations for negative-index metamaterials, resulting in Pendry's perfect lens and the more attainable superlens. While these approaches offer sub-diffractional resolution, they do not provide a mechanism for magnification of the image. Hyperbolic (or indefinite-permittivity) metamaterials have been theoretically considered and experimentally demonstrated to provide simultaneously subdiffractive imaging and magnification; however, they are plagued with low efficiency and complex fabrication. In this work, we present theoretical and experimental studies of near-field optical imaging through a flat slab of the low-loss, natural hyperbolic material, hexagonal boron nitride (hBN). This thin hBN layer exhibits wavelength-dependent multifunctional operations, offering both an enhanced near-field imaging of single buried objects with down to lambda/32 resolution (0.4 um at lambda=12.8 um), as well as enabling an enlarged reconstruction of the geometric outline of the investigated objects. Both the excellent resolution and the multifunctional operation can be explained based on the volume-confined, wavelength-dependent propagation angle of Type I hyperbolic polaritons. Our results provide both the understanding of near-field imaging performance through this natural hyperbolic media, as well as inspire their exciting potential for guiding and sensing of light at an extreme sub-diffractional scale.
Renormalizing Antiferroelectric Nanostripes in $β'-\mathrm{In}_{2}\mathrm{Se}_{3}$ via Optomechanics
Creators: name: Wu, Zihang
name: Liu, Kun
name: Sun, Yan
name: Zhou, Jian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Antiferroelectric (AFE) materials have received tremendous attention owing to their high energy conversion efficiency and good tunability. Recently, an exotic two-dimensional (2D) AFE material, $β'-\mathrm{In}_{2}\mathrm{Se}_{3}$ monolayer that could host atomically thin AFE nanostripe domains has been experimentally synthesized and theoretically examined. In this work, we apply first-principles calculations and theoretical estimations to predict that light irradiation can control the nanostripe width of such a system. We suggest that an intermediate near-infrared light (below bandgap) could effectively harness the thermodynamic Gibbs free energy, and the AFE nanostripe width will gradually reduce. We also propose to use an above bandgap linearly polarized light to generate AFE nanostripespecific photocurrent, providing an all-optical pump-probe setup for such AFE nanostripe width phase transitions.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures, under peer review
Parylene-C Neural Probes with Nanolaminate-sealed and Protruding Electrodes, and In Situ Microactuation
Creators: name: Ong, Xiao Chuan
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Computer Engineering
subject: 90699 Electrical and Electronic Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Neural probes are a promising tool in understanding the brain, alleviating symptoms of various diseases like Parkinson’s Disease and allowing for applications like controlling prosthetics directly using the mind. However, current probes suffer from deleterious glial tissue buildup, poor insulation and low electrode yield. In this work, to improve upon current probes, ultra-compliant probes are fabricated and integrated with biodissolvable needles. Mechanically compliant probes allow for reduction in the body’s immune response chronically whereas biodissolvable needles provide sufficient stiffness during insertion. To achieve this, contributions are made in the categories of probe design concepts, device level processes, and processes in support of final probe assembly. Major contributions include incorporation of interleaved atomic layer deposited ceramics to create hybrid materials that provide better insulation properties, reducing the distance between the electrode and the site-of-interest by developing a gray scale lithography based technique to fabricate protruding electrodes and creating probes that improve electrode yield by integrating liquid crystal polymers into the parylene-C probe structure, which allows the parylene-C probe to actuate. To allow for integration of the biodissolvable needle with the probe, a peel-based process is developed that controls the adhesion between parylene-C to Si using different HMDS conditions and a transfer based process is developed that enables hightemperature annealing. In addition, a generalized design of neural probes using meandering interconnect structures is developed, allowing for rapid mechanical design of probes. This is key for neural probes because of the application specific nature of neural probe design.
A side of Mercury not seen by Mariner 10
Creators: name: Cecil, G.
name: Rashkeev, D.
Publisher: name: University of Chicago Press
Year: 2007

description: More than 60,000 images of Mercury were taken at ∼29° elevation during two sunrises, at 820 nm, and through a 1.35 m diameter off-axis aperture on the Southern Astrophysical Research telescope. The sharpest resolve ∼0.2″ (140 km) and cover 190°-300° longitude - a swath unseen by the Mariner 10 spacecraft-at complementary phase angles to previous ground-based optical imagery. Our view is comparable to that of the Moon through a pair of weak binoculars. Evident are the large crater Mozart shadowed on the terminator, fresh rayed craters, and other albedo features keyed to topography and radar reflectivity, including the putative huge "Basin S" on the limb. The classical bright feature Liguria resolves across the northwest boundary of the Caloris basin into a bright splotch centered on a sharp, 20 km diameter radar crater, and is the brightest feature within a prominent darker "cap" (Hermean feature Solitudo Phoenicis) that covers much of the northern hemisphere between longitudes 80° and 250°. The cap may result from space weathering that darkens via a magnetically enhanced flux of the solar wind, or that reddens low latitudes via high solar insolation.
Additional file 2 of A systematic review of mechanistic models used to study avian influenza virus transmission and control
Creators: name: Lambert, Sébastien
name: Bauzile, Billy
name: Mugnier, Amélie
name: Durand, Benoit
name: Vergne, Timothée
name: Paul, Mathilde C.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2: Summary of the two-step screening.
Quantum cosmology: a review
Creators: name: Bojowald, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In quantum cosmology, one applies quantum physics to the whole universe. While no unique version and no completely well-defined theory is available yet, the framework gives rise to interesting conceptual, mathematical and physical questions. This review presents quantum cosmology in a new picture that tries to incorporate the importance of inhomogeneity: De-emphasizing the traditional minisuperspace view, the dynamics is rather formulated in terms of the interplay of many interacting "microscopic" degrees of freedom that describe the space-time geometry. There is thus a close relationship with more-established systems in condensed-matter and particle physics even while the large set of space-time symmetries (general covariance) requires some adaptations and new developments. These extensions of standard methods are needed both at the fundamental level and at the stage of evaluating the theory by effective descriptions.
description: 45 pages, invited review
Coherence behavior of strongly coupled bosonic modes
Creators: name: Sousa, Jucelino F.
name: Vieira, Carlos H. S.
name: Santos, Jonas F. G.
name: da Paz, Irismar G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effect of the intermode coupling in the generation of coherence when two bosonic modes are bilinearly coupled. We consider the case for which the two modes are weakly coupled and the rotating-wave approximation (RWA) applies and the case for which they are strongly coupled and the (RWA) does not apply. Then, in the regime of validity of (RWA), there is no coherence generation solely due to squeezing effects, which means there is an exchange of excitation between the modes and negligible squeezing. On the other hand, if the two modes are strongly coupled coherence is generated by the squeezing interaction. For the system of two bosonic modes weakly coupled with a Markovian bath at temperature $T$ the coherence decreases with $T$. In general, when both kinds of couplings (exchange of excitation and squeezing) are turned on the exchange of excitation contributes to generating more coherence in comparison with a purely squeezing coupling. Thus, the coherence decreases more slowly with the temperature when both couplings are present. Finally, we explore the case when only one of the two coupled modes interacts with a Markovian bath while the other one remains free from the environment. We observe that the intermode coupling induces oscillations in the coherence and fidelity dynamics similar to the behavior for the coupling with a non-Markovian environment.
Additional file 4 of A systematic review of mechanistic models used to study avian influenza virus transmission and control
Creators: name: Lambert, Sébastien
name: Bauzile, Billy
name: Mugnier, Amélie
name: Durand, Benoit
name: Vergne, Timothée
name: Paul, Mathilde C.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 4: Parameter values used in within-farm transmission models [35, 57, 62, 64, 65, 73, 74, 76, 77, 100–135].
Field-induced spin nematic Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid of the $S=1/2$ spin ladder system with the anisotropic ferromagnetic rung interaction
Creators: name: Sakai, Tôru
name: Nakanishi, Ryosuke
name: Yamada, Takaharu
name: Furuchi, Rito
name: Nakano, Hiroki
name: Kaneyasu, Hirono
name: Okamoto, Kiyomi
name: Tonegawa, Takashi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The $S=1/2$ quantum spin ladder system with the anisotropic ferromagnetic exchange interaction on the rung under magnetic field is investigated using the numerical diagonalization and the density matrix renormalization group (DMRG) analyses. It is found that the nematic-spin-correlation-dominant Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid (TLL) appears in some high magnetic field. It is included in the TLL phase where the two-magnon bound state is realized. For some suitable parameters, after the field-induced phase transition from this two-magnon-bound TLL phase to the single-magnon TLL one, the re-entrant transition to the two-magnon-bound TLL phase occurs, which is confirmed by the magnetization curves by the DMRG. Several phase diagrams on the plane of the coupling anisotropy versus the magnetization and the magnetic field are presented. The present result is a proposal of the candidate system which exhibits the spin nematic phase without the biquadratic interaction or the frustration.
description: to be published in Phys. Rev. B
The Common Elements of Atomic and Hadronic Physics
Creators: name: Brodsky, Stanley J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Atomic physics and hadronic physics are both governed by the Yang Mills gauge theory Lagrangian; in fact, Abelian quantum electrodynamics can be regarded as the zero-color limit of quantum chromodynamics. I review a number of areas where the techniques of atomic physics can provide important insight into hadronic eigenstates in QCD. For example, the Dirac-Coulomb equation, which predicts the spectroscopy and structure of hydrogenic atoms, has an analog in hadron physics in the form of frame-independent light-front relativistic equations of motion consistent with light-front holography which give a remarkable first approximation to the spectroscopy, dynamics, and structure of light hadrons. The production of antihydrogen in flight can provide important insight into the dynamics of hadron production in QCD at the amplitude level. The renormalization scale for the running coupling is unambiguously set in QED; an analogous procedure sets the renormalization scales in QCD, leading to scheme-independent scale-fixed predictions. Conversely, many techniques which have been developed for hadron physics, such as scaling laws, evolution equations, the quark-interchange process and light-front quantization have important applicants for atomic physics and photon science, especially in the relativistic domain.
description: Invited talk, presented at EXA 2014, The International Conference on Exotic Atoms and Related Topics, September 14-19, 2014,
On the minimum transport required to passively suppress runaway electrons in SPARC disruptions
Creators: name: Tinguely, R. A.
name: Pusztai, I.
name: Izzo, V. A.
name: S'"arkimäki, K.
name: Fülöp, T.
name: Garnier, D. T.
name: Granetz, R. S.
name: Hoppe, M.
name: Paz-Soldan, C.
name: Sundström, A.
name: Sweeney, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In [V.A. Izzo et al 2022 Nucl. Fusion 62 096029], state-of-the-art modeling of thermal and current quench (CQ) MHD coupled with a self-consistent evolution of runaway electron (RE) generation and transport showed that a non-axisymmetric (n = 1) in-vessel coil could passively prevent RE beam formation during disruptions in SPARC, a compact high-field tokamak projected to achieve a fusion gain Q > 2 in DT plasmas. However, such suppression requires finite transport of REs within magnetic islands and re-healed flux surfaces; conservatively assuming zero transport in these regions leads to an upper bound of RE current ~1 MA compared to ~8.7 MA of pre-disruption plasma current. Further investigation finds that core-localized electrons, within r/a < 0.3 and with kinetic energies 0.2-15 MeV, contribute most to the RE plateau formation. Yet only a relatively small amount of transport, i.e. a diffusion coefficient ~18 $\mathrm{m^2/s}$, is needed in the core to fully mitigate these REs. Properly accounting for (i) the CQ electric field's effect on RE transport in islands and (ii) the contribution of significant RE currents to disruption MHD may help achieve this.
A kinematic link between boxy bulges, stellar bars, and nuclear activity in NGC 3079 and NGC 4388
Creators: name: Veilleux, S.
name: Cecil, G.
name: Bland-Hawthorn, J.
Publisher: name: University of Chicago Press
Year: 1999

description: We present direct kinematic evidence for bar streaming motions in two active galaxies with boxy stellar bulges. The Hawaii Imaging Fabry-Perot Interferometer was used on the 3.6 m Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope and the University of Hawaii 2.2 m telescope to derive the two-dimensional velocity field of the line-emitting gas in the disks of the Sc galaxy NGC 3079 and the Sb galaxy NGC 4388. In contrast to previous work based on long-slit data, the detection of the bar potential from the Fabry-Perot data does not rely on the existence of inner Lindblad resonances or strong bar-induced shocks. Simple kinematic models that approximate the intrinsic gas orbits as nonintersecting, inclined elliptical annuli that conserve angular momentum characterize the observed velocity fields. In NGC 3079, bar streaming motions with moderately eccentric orbits (e = b/a ∼ 0.7) aligned along P.A. = 130° intrinsic to the disk (P.A. = 97° on the sky) are detected out to Rb = 3.6 kpc. The orbits become increasingly circular beyond that radius (e = 1 at Rd ≈ 6 kpc). The best model for NGC 4388 includes highly eccentric orbits (e ∼ 0.3) for Rb ≲ 1.5 kpc, which are aligned along P.A. = 135° intrinsic to the disk (P.A. = 100° on the sky). The observed "spiral arms" are produced by having the orbits become increasingly circular from the ends of the bar to the edge of the disk (Rd ≈ 5 kpc) and the intrinsic bar position angle shifting from 135° to 90°. Box-shaped bulges in both NGC 3079 and NGC 4388 are confirmed using new near-infrared images to reduce dust obscuration. Morphological analysis of starlight in these galaxies is combined with the gas kinematics derived from the Fabry-Perot spectra to test evolutionary models of stellar bars that involve transitory, boxy bulges and to quantify the importance of such bars in fueling active nuclei. Our data support the evolutionary bar models but fail to prove convincingly that the stellar bars in NGC 3079 and NGC 4388 directly trigger or sustain the nuclear activity.
Privacy Notice and Choice in Practice
Creators: name: Leon-Najera, Pedro Giovanni
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 160510 Public Policy
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: 99999 Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies

description: In the United States, notice and choice remain the most commonly used mechanisms to protect people’s privacy online. This approach relies on the assumption that users provided with notice will make informed choices that align with their privacy expectations. The goal of this research is to empirically inform industry and regulatory efforts that rely on notice and choice to protect people’s online privacy. To do so, we present a set of case studies covering different aspects of privacy notice and choice in four domains: online behavioral advertising (OBA), online social networks (OSN), financial privacy notices, and websites’ machine-readable privacy notices. We investigate users’ privacy preferences, information needs, and ability to exercise choices in the OBAdomain. Based on our results, we provide recommendations to improve the design of notice and choice methods currently in use in this domain. In the context of OSNs, we explore the effect of nudging notices designed to encourage more thoughtful disclosures among Facebook users and recommend changes to the Facebook user interface aimed to mitigate problematic disclosures. We demonstrate how standardized notices enable large-scale evaluations and comparisons of companies’ privacy practices and argue that standardized privacy notices have an enormous potential to improve transparency and benefit users, privacy-respectful companies, and oversight entities. We argue that, in today’s complex Internet ecosystem, an approach that relies on users to make privacy decisions should also empower them with user-friendly interfaces, relevant information, and the tools they need to make privacy decisions. Finally, we further argue that notice and choice are necessary, but not sufficient to protect online privacy, and that government regulation is necessary to establish necessary additional protections including access, redress, accountability, and enforcement.
Searches for exclusive Higgs and $Z$ boson decays into a vector quarkonium state and a photon using $139$ fb$^{-1}$ of ATLAS $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV proton$-$proton collision data
Creators: name: ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2022
Subjects: p p: scattering
p p: colliding beams
Z0: radiative decay
Higgs particle: production
Higgs particle: branching ratio: upper limit
Z0: branching ratio: upper limit
Higgs particle: radiative decay
quarkonium
photon
ATLAS
psi(3685): leptonic decay
J/psi(3100): leptonic decay
Upsilon(9460): leptonic decay
Upsilon(10020): leptonic decay
Upsilon(10355): leptonic decay
muon: pair production
CERN Lab
CERN LHC Coll
background
experimental results
Higgs particle --> J/psi(3100) photon
Higgs particle --> psi(3685) photon
Higgs particle --> Upsilon(9460) photon
Higgs particle --> Upsilon(10020) photon
Higgs particle --> Upsilon(10355) photon
Z0 --> J/psi(3100) photon
Z0 --> psi(3685) photon
Z0 --> Upsilon(9460) photon
Z0 --> Upsilon(10020) photon
Z0 --> Upsilon(10355) photon
13000 GeV-cms

description: Searches for the exclusive decays of Higgs and $Z$ bosons into a vector quarkonium state and a photon are performed in the $\mu^+\mu^- \gamma$ final state with a proton$-$proton collision data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of $139$ fb$^{-1}$ collected at $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV with the ATLAS detector at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. The observed data are compatible with the expected backgrounds. The 95% CL$_\mathrm{s}$ upper limits on the branching fractions of the Higgs boson decays into $J/\psi \gamma$, $\psi(2S) \gamma$, and $\Upsilon(1S,2S,3S) \gamma$ are found to be $2.1\times10^{-4}$, $10.9\times10^{-4}$, and $(2.6,4.4,3.5)\times10^{-4}$, respectively, assuming Standard Model production of the Higgs boson. The corresponding 95% CL$_\mathrm{s}$ upper limits on the branching fractions of the $Z$ boson decays are $1.2\times10^{-6}$, $2.3\times10^{-6}$, and $(1.0,1.2,2.3)\times10^{-6}$.
Relativistic Elastic Differential Cross Sections for Equal Mass Nuclei
Creators: name: Werneth, C. M.
name: Maung, K. M.
name: Ford, W. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effects of relativistic kinematics are studied for nuclear collisions of equal mass nuclei. It is found that the relativistic and non-relativistic elastic scattering amplitudes are nearly indistinguishable, and, hence, the relativistic and non-relativistic differential cross sections become indistinguishable. These results are explained by analyzing the Lippmann-Schwinger equation with the first order optical potential that was employed in the calculation
title:  O dentro o fuori. Paura, esclusione e islamofobia al tramonto della modernità
Creators: name: Grassi, Valentina
Publisher: name: Roma TrE-Press
Year: 2016

description: The emotional state of fear affects the subject, who undergoes an emotion that announces a condition experienced as a danger. In a hypothetical scale of progression of crippling characteristic of fear, the extreme ranks terror: it indicates a state of uncontrollable fear of an imminent danger condition that is not necessarily true. The history of the notion of terror is very interesting to understand how it was associated with what today is meant by ʺterrorʺ. Terrorism by Islamic fundamentalism of the twenty‐first century is characterized by violent acts, such as suicide explosions and shootings in public settings frequented by the civilian population. Related to the situation of international tension, we can see one of the most significant social marginalization of our time, with catastrophic consequences: the one against Muslims in the West society.
description: Democrazia e Sicurezza – 2016, n. 2