cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Hyperon star in a modified quark meson coupling model
Creators: name: Mishra, R. N.
name: Sahoo, H. S.
name: Panda, P. K.
name: Barik, N.
name: Frederico, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We determine the equation of state (EOS) of nuclear matter with the inclusion of hyperons in a self-consistent manner by using a Modified Quark Meson Coupling Model (MQMC) where the confining interaction for quarks inside a baryon is represented by a phenomenological average potential in an equally mixed scalar-vector harmonic form. The hadron-hadron interaction in nuclear matter is then realized by introducing additional quark couplings to $σ$, $ω$, and $ρ$ mesons through mean-field approximations. The effect of a nonlinear $ω$-$ρ$ term on the equation of state is studied. The hyperon couplings are fixed from the optical potential values and the mass-radius curve is determined satisfying the maximum mass constraint of $2$~M$_{\odot}$ for neutron stars, as determined in recent measurements of the pulsar PSR J0348+0432. We also observe that there is no significant advantage of introducing the nonlinear $ω$-$ρ$ term in the context of obtaining the star mass constraint in the present set of parametrizations.
description: 10 pages, Accepted in Phys. Rev. C
New Physics Searches at Kaon and Hyperon Factories
Creators: name: Goudzovski, Evgueni
name: Redigolo, Diego
name: Tobioka, Kohsaku
name: Zupan, Jure
name: Alonso-Alvarez, Gonzalo
name: Alves, Daniele S. M.
name: Bansal, Saurabh
name: Bauer, Martin
name: Brod, Joachim
name: Chobanova, Veronika
name: D'Ambrosio, Giancarlo
name: Datta, Alakabha
name: Dery, Avital
name: Dettori, Francesco
name: Dobrescu, Bogdan A.
name: Dobrich, Babette
name: Egana-Ugrinovic, Daniel
name: Elor, Gilly
name: Escudero, Miguel
name: Fabbrichesi, Marco
name: Fornal, Bartosz
name: Fox, Patrick J.
name: Gabrielli, Emidio
name: Geng, Li-Sheng
name: Gligorov, Vladimir V.
name: Gorbahn, Martin
name: Gori, Stefania
name: Grinstein, Benjamin
name: Grossman, Yuval
name: Guadagnoli, Diego
name: Homiller, Samuel
name: Hostert, Matheus
name: Kelly, Kevin J.
name: Kitahara, Teppei
name: Knapen, Simon
name: Krnjaic, Gordan
name: Kupsc, Andrzej
name: Kvedaraite, Sandra
name: Lanfranchi, Gaia
name: Marfatia, Danny
name: Camalich, Jorge Martin
name: Santos, Diego Martinez
name: Massri, Karim
name: Mead, Patrick
name: Moulson, Matthew
name: Nanjo, Hajime
name: Neubert, Matthias
name: Pospelov, Maxim
name: Renner, Sophie
name: Schacht, Stefan
name: Schnubel, Marvin
name: Shi, Rui-Xiang
name: Shuve, Brian
name: Spadaro, Tommaso
name: Soreq, Yotam
name: Stamou, Emmanuel
name: Sumensari, Olcyr
name: Tammaro, Michele
name: Terol-Calvo, Jorge
name: Thamm, Andrea
name: Tung, Yu-Chen
name: Wang, Dayong
name: Yamamoto, Kei
name: Ziegler, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Rare meson decays are among the most sensitive probes of both heavy and light new physics. Among them, new physics searches using kaons benefit from their small total decay widths and the availability of very large datasets. On the other hand, useful complementary information is provided by hyperon decay measurements. We summarize the relevant phenomenological models and the status of the searches in a comprehensive list of kaon and hyperon decay channels. We identify new search strategies for under-explored signatures, and demonstrate that the improved sensitivities from current and next-generation experiments could lead to a qualitative leap in the exploration of light dark sectors.
description: 108 pages, 25 figures, 9 tables, matches the published version
Pundit: Empowering Web Annotation for Researchers and Beyond
Creators: name: De Santis, Luca
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Pundit
webannotationtool
Net7
informationgathering
note-taking
Structuredannotations
EOSCmarketplace

description: The Italian company Net7 has been developing, since 2011, the web annotation tool Pundit. Pundit helps users, in particular researchers and scholars, to create annotations, that is, to easily and effectively "take notes" on web documents like HTML pages and PDF files Many people on the web, including researchers, students, and everyday users, often face three key challenges. They struggle to: Gather important information from the web by taking notes Find a single place to keep and manage these notes Make these notes more structured and easy to reuse. These challenges aren t limited to experts; they affect anyone trying to make the most of online information. So, whether you re a student doing research or just someone looking for information online, these difficulties are something many of us encounter
Learning Noise via Dynamical Decoupling of Entangled Qubits
Creators: name: McCourt, Trevor
name: Neill, Charles
name: Lee, Kenny
name: Quintana, Chris
name: Chen, Yu
name: Kelly, Julian
name: Smelyanskiy, V. N.
name: Dykman, M. I.
name: Korotkov, Alexander
name: Chuang, Isaac L.
name: Petukhov, A. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Noise in entangled quantum systems is difficult to characterize due to many-body effects involving multiple degrees of freedom. This noise poses a challenge to quantum computing, where two-qubit gate performance is critical. Here, we develop and apply multi-qubit dynamical decoupling sequences that characterize noise that occurs during two-qubit gates. In our superconducting system comprised of Transmon qubits with tunable couplers, we observe noise that is consistent with flux fluctuations in the coupler that simultaneously affects both qubits and induces noise in their entangling parameter. The effect of this noise on the qubits is very different from the well-studied single-qubit dephasing. Additionally, steps are observed in the decoupled signals, implying the presence of non-Gaussian noise.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Dynamical modeling validation of parent bodies associated with newly discovered CMN meteor showers
Creators: name: Šegon, Damir
name: Vaubaillon, Jérémie
name: Gural, Peter S.
name: Vida, Denis
name: Andreić, Željko
name: Korlević, Korado
name: Skokić, Ivica
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context: Results from previous searches for new meteor showers in the combined Croatian Meteor Network and SonotaCo meteor databases suggested possible parent bodies for several newly identified showers. Aims: We aim to perform an analysis to validate the connection between the identified showers and candidate parent bodies. Methods: Simulated particles were ejected from candidate parent bodies, a dynamical modeling was performed and the results were compared to the real meteor shower observations. Results: From the 13 analysed cases, three were found to be connected with comets, four with asteroids which are possibly dormant comets, four were inconclusive or negative, and two need more observational data before any conclusions can be drawn.
description: 13 pages, 17 figures
Toward the discovery of matter creation with neutrinoless double-beta decay
Creators: name: Agostini, Matteo
name: Benato, Giovanni
name: Detwiler, Jason A.
name: Menéndez, Javier
name: Vissani, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The discovery of neutrinoless double-beta decay could soon be within reach. This hypothetical ultra-rare nuclear decay offers a privileged portal to physics beyond the Standard Model of particle physics. Its observation would constitute the discovery of a matter-creating process, corroborating leading theories of why the universe contains more matter than antimatter, and how forces unify at high energy scales. It would also prove that neutrinos and anti-neutrinos are not two distinct particles, but can transform into each other, with their mass described by a unique mechanism conceived by Majorana. The recognition that neutrinos are not massless necessitates an explanation and has boosted interest in neutrinoless double-beta decay. The field stands now at a turning point. A new round of experiments is currently being prepared for the next decade to cover an important region of parameter space. In parallel, advances in nuclear theory are laying the groundwork to connect the nuclear decay with the underlying new physics. Meanwhile, the particle theory landscape continues to find new motivations for neutrinos to be their own antiparticle. This review brings together the experimental, nuclear theory, and particle theory aspects connected to neutrinoless double-beta decay, to explore the path toward - and beyond - its discovery.
description: review article (with illustrations by Laura Manenti)
On the Nature of High Field Charge Transport in Reinforced Silicone Dielectrics: Experiment and Simulation
Creators: name: Huang, Yanhui
name: Schadler, Linda. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The high field charge injection and transport properties in reinforced silicone dielectrics were investigated by measuring the time-dependent space charge distribution and the current under dc conditions up to the breakdown field, and were compared with properties of other dielectric polymers. It is argued that the energy and spatial distribution of localized electronic states are crucial to determining these properties for polymer dielectrics. Tunneling to localized states likely dominates the charge injection process. A transient transport regime arises due to the relaxation of charge carriers into deep traps at the energy band tails, and is successfully verified by a Monte Carlo simulation using the multiple-hopping model. The charge carrier mobility is found to be highly heterogeneous due to non-uniform trapping. The slow moving electron packet exhibits a negative field dependent drift velocity possibly due to the spatial disorder of traps.
description: 26 pages, 14 figures, accepted by Journal of Applied Physics
Lieb's permanental dominance conjecture
Creators: name: Wanless, Ian M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: History and Overview (math.HO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 15A15, 15B57, 15A42, 20C15, 05E10

description: We survey the impact of Lieb's influential paper "Proofs of some conjectures on permanents" [J. Math. Mech. 16 1966, 127-134], which introduced the famous permanental dominance conjecture. This conjecture has defied all attacks for over half a century, although a number of related conjectures have recently been resolved.
Exotic multi-gap structure in UPt$_3$ unveiled by the first-priniciples analysis
Creators: name: Nomoto, Takuya
name: Ikeda, Hiroaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A heavy-fermion superconductor UPt$_3$ is a unique spin-triplet superconductor with multiple superconducting phases. Here we provide the first report on the first-principles analysis of the microscopic superconducting gap structure. We find that the promising gap structure is an unprecedented $E_{2u}$ state, which is completely different from the previous phenomenological $E_{2u}$ models. Our obtained $E_{2u}$ state has in-plane twofold vertical line nodes on small Fermi surfaces and point nodes with linear dispersion on a large Fermi surface. These peculiar features cannot be explained in the conventional spin $1/2$ representation, but is described by the group-theoretical representation of the Cooper pairs in the total angular momentum $j=5/2$ space. Our findings shed new light on the long-standing problems in the superconductivity of UPt$_3$
description: 9 pages, 6 figures
The Deformation Space of Delaunay Triangulations of the Sphere
Creators: name: Luo, Yanwen
name: Wu, Tianqi
name: Zhu, Xiaoping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we determine the topology of the spaces of convex polyhedra inscribed in the unit $2$-sphere and the spaces of strictly Delaunay geodesic triangulations of the unit $2$-sphere. These spaces can be regarded as discretized groups of diffeomorphisms of the unit $2$-sphere. Hence, it is natural to conjecture that these spaces have the same homotopy types as those of their smooth counterparts. The main result of this paper confirms this conjecture for the unit $2$-sphere. It follows from an observation on the variational principles on triangulated surfaces developed by I. Rivin. On the contrary, the similar conjecture does not hold in the cases of flat tori and convex polygons. We will construct simple examples of flat tori and convex polygons such that the corresponding spaces of Delaunay geodesic triangulations are not connected.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
Driving field amplitude gauged quantitative inverse spin Hall effect detection
Creators: name: Kavand, Marzieh
name: Zhang, Chuang
name: Sun, Dali
name: Malissa, Hans
name: Vardeny, Zeev Valy
name: Boehme, Christoph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spin transport in thin-film materials can be studied by ferromagnetic resonantly (FMR) driven spin pumping of a charge-free spin current which induces an electromotive force through the inverse spin Hall effect (ISHE). For quantitative ISHE experiments, precise control of the FMR driving field amplitude $B_1$ is crucial. This study exploits in situ monitoring of $B_1$ by utilization of electron paramagnetic resonantly (EPR) induced transient nutation of paramagnetic molecules (a 1:1 complex of α,γ-bisdiphenylene-β-phenylallyl and benzene, BDPA) placed as $B_1$ probe in proximity of a NiFe/Pt-based ISHE device. Concurrent to an ISHE experiment, $B_1$ is obtained from the inductively measured BDPA Rabi-nutation frequency. Higher reproducibility is achieved by renormalization of the ISHE voltage to $B_1^2$ with an accuracy that is determined by the homogeneity of the FMR driving field and thus by the applied microwave resonator and ISHE device setup.
Incorporating galaxy cluster triaxiality in stacked cluster weak lensing analyses
Creators: name: Zhang, Zhuowen
name: Wu, Hao-Yi
name: Zhang, Yuanyuan
name: Frieman, Joshua
name: To, Chun-Hao
name: DeRose, Joseph
name: Costanzi, Matteo
name: Wechsler, Risa H.
name: Adhikari, Susmita
name: Rykoff, Eli
name: Jeltema, Tesla
name: Evrard, August
name: Rozo, Eduardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Counts of galaxy clusters offer a high-precision probe of cosmology, but control of systematic errors will determine the accuracy of this measurement. Using Buzzard simulations, we quantify one such systematic, the triaxiality distribution of clusters identified with the redMaPPer optical cluster finding algorithm, which was used in the Dark Energy Survey Year-1 (DES Y1) cluster cosmology analysis. We test whether redMaPPer selection biases the clusters' shape and orientation and find that it only biases orientation, preferentially selecting clusters with their major axes oriented along the line of sight. Modeling the richness-mass relation as a log-linear relation, we find that the log-richness amplitude $\ln(A)$ is boosted from the lowest to highest orientation bin with a significance of $14σ$, while the orientation dependence of the richness-mass slope and intrinsic scatter is minimal. We also find that the weak lensing shear-profile ratios of cluster-associated dark halos in different orientation bins resemble a "bottleneck" shape that can be quantified with a Cauchy function. We test the correlation of orientation with two other leading systematics in cluster cosmology -- miscentering and projection -- and find a null correlation. Analytic templates for the triaxiality bias of observed-richness and lensing profiles are mapped as corrections to the observable of richness-binned lensing profiles for redMaPPer clusters. The resulting mass bias confirms the DES Y1 finding that triaxiality is a leading source of bias in cluster cosmology. However, the richness-dependence of the bias confirms that triaxiality does not fully resolve the tension at low-richness between DES Y1 cluster cosmology and other probes. Our model can be used for quantifying the impact of triaxiality bias on cosmological constraints for upcoming weak lensing surveys of galaxy clusters.
Hydrodynamics with triangular point group
Creators: name: Friedman, Aaron J.
name: Cook, Caleb Q.
name: Lucas, Andrew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When continuous rotational invariance of a two-dimensional fluid is broken to the discrete, dihedral subgroup $D_6$ - the point group of an equilateral triangle - the resulting anisotropic hydrodynamics breaks both spatial-inversion and time-reversal symmetries, while preserving their combination. In this work, we present the hydrodynamics of such $D_6$ fluids, identifying new symmetry-allowed dissipative terms in the hydrodynamic equations of motion. We propose two experiments - both involving high-purity solid-state materials with $D_6$-invariant Fermi surfaces - that are sensitive to these new coefficients in a $D_6$ fluid of electrons. In particular, we propose a local current imaging experiment (which is present-day realizable with nitrogen vacancy center magnetometry) in a hexagonal device, whose $D_6$-exploiting boundary conditions enable the unambiguous detection of these novel transport coefficients.
description: 25+12 pages, 7+0 figures, 2+0 tables. v2: fixed typos. v3: revised version
Investigating Energetic X-Shaped Flares on the Outskirts of A Solar Active Region
Creators: name: Liu, Rui
name: Chen, Jun
name: Wang, Yuming
name: Liu, Kai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Typical solar flares display two quasi-parallel, bright ribbons on the chromosphere. In between is the polarity inversion line (PIL) separating concentrated magnetic fluxes of opposite polarity in active regions (ARs). Intriguingly a series of flares exhibiting X-shaped ribbons occurred at the similar location on the outskirts of NOAA AR 11967, where magnetic fluxes were scattered, yet three of them were alarmingly energetic. The X shape, whose center coincided with hard X-ray emission, was similar in UV/EUV, which cannot be accommodated in the standard flare model. Mapping out magnetic connectivities in potential fields, we found that the X morphology was dictated by the intersection of two quasi-separatrix layers, i.e., a hyperbolic flux tube (HFT), within which a separator connecting a double null was embedded. This topology was not purely local but regulated by fluxes and flows over the whole AR. The nonlinear force-free field model suggested the formation of a current layer at the HFT, where the current dissipation can be mapped to the X-shaped ribbons via field-aligned heat conduction. These results highlight the critical role of HFTs in 3D magnetic reconnection and have important implications for astrophysical and laboratory plasmas.
description: accepted for publication in Scientific Reports
Effect of minimal length uncertainty on neutrino oscillation
Creators: name: Twagirayezu, Fidele J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we study the effect of the minimal length on neutrino oscillation in a static magnetic field. In the framework of the generalized uncertainty principle, we reformulate the Hamiltonian for a relativistic neutrino moving in a magnetic field oriented along the z-direction of Cartesian coordinates. Using the modified energy spectrum, we obtain the oscillation probability for different neutrino flavors. In addition, we obtain the energy differences for the neutrino-mass eigenstates. We find that the energy and energy difference depend on the minimal length parameter α, and the energy difference becomes independent of α when the magnetic field is not present. In addition, we find that the modified probability of oscillation differs from the usual probability of oscillation if a magnetic field is present. Using the current experimental result, we estimate the upper bound on the deformation parameter and the minimal length, and find that the upper bound on the minimal length scale is less than the electroweak scale. If the minimal length is at Planck scale, the minimal length formalism leads to the same result as a quantum theory of gravity with an $SU(2)_{L} \times U(1)$ effective invariant dimension-5 Lagrangian including neutrino and Higgs fields.
description: 10 pages
Synchronizing noisy nonidentical oscillators by transient uncoupling
Creators: name: Tandon, Aditya
name: Schröder, Malte
name: Mannattil, Manu
name: Timme, Marc
name: Chakraborty, Sagar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Synchronization is the process of achieving identical dynamics among coupled identical units. If the units are different from each other, their dynamics cannot become identical; yet, after transients, there may emerge a functional relationship between them -- a phenomenon termed "generalized synchronization." Here, we show that the concept of transient uncoupling, recently introduced for synchronizing identical units, also supports generalized synchronization among nonidentical chaotic units. Generalized synchronization can be achieved by transient uncoupling even when it is impossible by regular coupling. We furthermore demonstrate that transient uncoupling stabilizes synchronization in the presence of common noise. Transient uncoupling works best if the units stay uncoupled whenever the driven orbit visits regions that are locally diverging in its phase space. Thus, to select a favorable uncoupling region, we propose an intuitive method that measures the local divergence at the phase points of the driven unit's trajectory by linearizing the flow and subsequently suppresses the divergence by uncoupling.
EMPA-HEART 2 RCE_AJP_R1 (II)_Suppl_FINAL.docx
Creators: name: Bakbak, Ehab
name: Verma, Subodh
name: Krishnaraj, Aishwarya
name: Quan, Adrian
name: Puar, Pankaj
name: Wang, Chao-Hung
name: Mason, Tamique
name: Verma, Raj
name: Terenzi, Daniella C.
name: D. Rotstein, Ori
name: Yan, Andrew T.
name: Connelly, Kim A.
name: Teoh, Hwee
name: Mazer, C. David
name: Hess, David A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 321402
subject: Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics
classificationCode: 320199
subject: Cardiovascular medicine and haematology not elsewhere classified

description: Data supplement for EMPA-HEART RCE publication for the American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology
Thermoelectric properties of inversion symmetry broken Weyl semimetal-Weyl superconductor hybrid junctions
Creators: name: Saxena, Ruchi
name: Basak, Nirnoy
name: Chatterjee, Pritam
name: Rao, Sumathi
name: Saha, Arijit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically investigate the thermoelectric properties (electronic contribution) of a hybrid structure comprising of an inversion symmetry broken Weyl semimetal (WSM) and intrinsic Weyl superconductor (WSC) with $s$-wave pairing, employing the Blonder-Tinkham-Klapwijk formulation for non-interacting electrons. Our study unfolds interesting features for various relevant physical quantities such as the thermal conductance, the thermoelectric coefficient and the corresponding figure of merit. We also explore the effects of an interfacial insulating (I) barrier (WSM-I-WSC set-up) on the thermoelectric response in the thin barrier limit. Further, we compute the ratio of the thermal to the electrical conductance in different temperature regimes and find that the Wiedemann-Franz law is violated for small temperatures (below critical temperature $T_{c}$) near the Weyl points while it saturates to the Lorentz number, away from the Weyl points, at all temperatures irrespective of the barrier strength. We compare and contrast this behaviour with other Dirac material heterostructures and provide a detailed analysis of the thermal transport. Our study can facilitate the fabrication of mesoscopic thermoelectric devices based on WSMs.
description: This is the published version
Neutrino Oscillations With Two Sterile Neutrinos
Creators: name: Kisslinger, Leonard S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This work estimates the probability of $μ$ to $e$ neutrino oscillation with two sterile neutrinos using a 5x5 U-matrix, an extension of the previous estimate with one sterile neutrino and a 4x4 U-matrix. The sterile neutrino-active neutrino mass differences and the mixing angles of the two sterile neutrinos with the three active neutrinos are taken from recent publications, and the oscillation probability for one sterile neutrino is compared to the previous estimate.
description: 8pages,2 figures,uses newly measured sterile-active neutrino mixing angle
Low-memory Krylov subspace methods for optimal rational matrix function approximation
Creators: name: Chen, Tyler
name: Greenbaum, Anne
name: Musco, Cameron
name: Musco, Christopher
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We describe a Lanczos-based algorithm for approximating the product of a rational matrix function with a vector. This algorithm, which we call the Lanczos method for optimal rational matrix function approximation (Lanczos-OR), returns the optimal approximation from a given Krylov subspace in a norm depending on the rational function's denominator, and can be computed using the information from a slightly larger Krylov subspace. We also provide a low-memory implementation which only requires storing a number of vectors proportional to the denominator degree of the rational function. Finally, we show that Lanczos-OR can be used to derive algorithms for computing other matrix functions, including the matrix sign function and quadrature based rational function approximations. In many cases, it improves on the approximation quality of prior approaches, including the standard Lanczos method, with little additional computational overhead.
Topological edge states of bound photon pairs
Creators: name: Gorlach, Maxim A.
name: Poddubny, Alexander N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We predict the existence of interaction-driven edge states of bound two-photon quasiparticles in a dimer periodic array of nonlinear optical cavities. Energy spectrum of photon pairs is dramatically richer than in the noninteracting case or in a simple lattice, featuring collapse and revival of multiple edge and bulk modes as well as edge states in continuum. Despite the unexpected breakdown of the Zak phase technique and the edge mixing of internal and center-of-mass motion we link the edge state existence to the two-photon quantum walk graph connectivity, thus uncovering the topological nature of the many-body problem in complex lattices.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures+ Supplementary
Image Segmentation Based on the Self-Balancing Mechanism in Virtual 3D Elastic Mesh
Creators: name: Zhuang, Xiaodong
name: Mastorakis, N. E.
name: Chi, Jieru
name: Wang, Hanping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, a novel model of 3D elastic mesh is presented for image segmentation. The model is inspired by stress and strain in physical elastic objects, while the repulsive force and elastic force in the model are defined slightly different from the physical force to suit the segmentation problem well. The self-balancing mechanism in the model guarantees the stability of the method in segmentation. The shape of the elastic mesh at balance state is used for region segmentation, in which the sign distribution of the points'z coordinate values is taken as the basis for segmentation. The effectiveness of the proposed method is proved by analysis and experimental results for both test images and real world images.
description: 14 pages, 21 figures
Graphs of continuous functions and fractal dimension
Creators: name: Verma, Manuj
name: Priyadarshi, Amit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we show that, for any $β\in [1,2]$, a given strictly positive real-valued continuous function on $[0,1]$ whose graph has upper box-counting dimension less than or equal to $β$ can be decomposed as a product of two real-valued continuous functions on $[0,1]$ whose graphs have upper box-counting dimension equal to $β$. We also obtain a formula for the upper box-counting dimension of every element of a ring of polynomials in finite number of continuous functions on $[0,1]$ over the field $\mathbb{R}.$
Channel capacity of relativistic quantum communication with rapid interaction
Creators: name: Tjoa, Erickson
name: Gallock-Yoshimura, Kensuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we study nonperturbatively the transmission of classical and quantum information in globally hyperbolic spacetimes, where the communication channel is between two qubit detectors interacting with a quantized massless scalar field via delta-coupling interaction. This interaction approximates very rapid detector-field interaction, effectively occurring at a single instant in time for each detector. We show that when both detectors interact via delta-coupling, one can arrange and tune the detectors so that the channel capacity is (at least) as good as the quantum channel constructed nonperturbatively using \textit{gapless detectors} by Landulfo [PRD 93, 104019]. Furthermore, we prove that this channel capacity is in fact optimal, i.e., both nonperturbative methods give essentially the same channel capacity, thus there is a sense in which the two methods can be regarded as equivalent as far as relativistic quantum communication is concerned.
description: 11+4 pages, 1 figure; Revtex4-2; v2: fixed typos and clarify Section II; v3: fixed typos, updated to match published version; v4: fixed notational issue with the original Eq. (32); v5: fixed typos
Measuring the Magnetic Flux Density with Flux Loops and Hall Probes in the CMS Magnet Flux Return Yoke
Creators: name: Curé, B.
name: Amapane, N.
name: Ball, A.
name: Gaddi, A.
name: Gerwig, H.
name: Hervé, A.
name: Klyukhin, V. I.
name: Loveless, R.
name: Mulders, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) is a general purpose detector, designed to run at the highest luminosity at the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC). Its distinctive features include a 4 T superconducting solenoid with 6-m-diameter by 12.5-m-length free bore, enclosed inside a 10,000-ton return yoke made of construction steel. The flux return yoke consists of five dodecagonal three-layered barrel wheels and four end-cap disks at each end comprised of steel blocks up to 620 mm thick, which serve as the absorber plates of the muon detection system. To measure the field in and around the steel, a system of 22 flux loops and 82 3-D Hall sensors is installed on the return yoke blocks. A TOSCA 3-D model of the CMS magnet is developed to describe the magnetic field everywhere outside the tracking volume that was measured with the field-mapping machine. The voltages induced in the flux loops by the magnetic flux changing during the CMS magnet standard ramps down are measured with six 16-bit DAQ modules. The off-line integration of the induced voltages reconstructs the magnetic flux density in the yoke steel blocks at the operational magnet current of 18.164 kA. The results of the flux loop measurements during three magnet ramps down are presented and discussed.
description: 3 pages, 6 figures, presented at the IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium 2016 (NSS) in Strasbourg, France on November 3, 2016. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1605.08778
Conversion of gravitational and electromagnetic waves without any external background fields
Creators: name: Mishima, Takashi
name: Tomizawa, Shinya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Applying a simple harmonic map method to the cylindrically symmetric Einstein-Maxwell system, we obtain exact solutions representing strong nonlinear interaction between gravitational waves and electromagnetic waves in the case without any background field. As an interesting fact, we can show that with adjusted parameters the solutions represent occurrences of large conversion phenomena in the intense region of fields near the cylindrically symmetric axis.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures
Prediction of above $20$ K superconductivity of blue phosphorus bilayer with metal intercalations
Creators: name: Zhang, Jun-Jie
name: Dong, Shuai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: First-principles calculations predicted monolayer blue phosphorus to be an alternative two-dimensional allotrope of phosphorus, like the recently discovered monolayer black phosphorus. Due to its unique crystalline and electronic structure, blue phosphorus may be a promising candidate as a BCS-superconductor after proper intercalation. In this study, using first-principles calculations, the favorable intercalation sites for some alkali metals and alkaline earths have been identified for Blue-P bilayer and the stacking configuration of bilayer is changed. Then the blue phosphorus bilayer transforms from a semiconductor to a metal due to the charge transfer from metal to phosphorus. Own to the strong electron-phonon coupling, isotropic superconducting state is induced and the calculated transition temperatures are $20.4$, $20.1$, and $14.4$K for Li-, Na-, and Mg-intercaltion, respectively, which is superior to other predicted or experimentally observed two-dimensional BCS-superconductors.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures
Binary Dynamics Through the Fifth Power of Spin at $\mathcal{O}(G^2)$
Creators: name: Bern, Zvi
name: Kosmopoulos, Dimitrios
name: Luna, Andrés
name: Roiban, Radu
name: Teng, Fei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use a previously developed scattering-amplitudes-based framework for determining two-body Hamiltonians for generic binary systems with arbitrary spin $S$. By construction this formalism bypasses difficulties with unphysical singularities or higher-time derivatives. This framework has been previously used to obtain the exact velocity dependence of the $\mathcal O(G^2)$ quadratic-in-spin two-body Hamiltonian. We first evaluate the $S^3$ scattering angle and two-body Hamiltonian at this order in $G$, including not only all operators corresponding to the usual worldline operators, but also an additional set due to an interesting subtlety. We then evaluate $S^4$ and $S^5$ contributions at $\mathcal O(G^2)$ which we confirm by comparing against aligned-spin results. We conjecture that a certain shift symmetry together with a constraint on the high-energy growth of the scattering amplitude specify the Wilson coefficients for the Kerr black hole to all orders in the spin and confirm that they reproduce the previously-obtained results through $S^4$.
description: 8 pages and ancillary files; v2: references added; typos corrected; presentation improved; v3: accepted for publication; additional data on aligned-spin scattering angles included as ancillary files
Lifestyle Management in Chronic Kidney Disease: The Barriers and Facilitators to Self-Management
Creators: name: Wilde, Lucina M.
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2022
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Background: Non-Dialysis Dependent Chronic kidney disease (NDD-CKD) is a chronic condition increasingly associated with multi-morbidity, mortality, and symptom burden. Self-management is an integral factor in symptom control and can reduce risk factors of comorbid conditions such as cardiovascular disease, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus. However, there is limited knowledge on the perceptions of people living with NDD-CKD on the barriers and facilitators of self-management, which would enable researchers to identify support needs and priorities and develop more effective self-management support resources which are based on theory and evidence. Aim: The aim of this project was to identify the barriers and facilitators to self-management in people living with NDD-CKD. Method: This project involved firstly conducting a literature review to explore the factors influencing self-management behaviours in people living with NDD-CKD. The findings were synthesised using the Capability, Opportunity, Motivation, Behaviour (COM-B) model of behaviour as a framework. This was followed by a qualitative study to examine the perceived barriers and facilitators to self-management. In this study, 22 participants living with NDD-CKD were recruited to take part in semi-structured interviews. These were professionally transcribed in verbatim and analysed using thematic analysis. Findings: 22 studies were included in the literature review, which established 21 sub-themes across the domains of the COM-B model. These sub-themes represent the factors influencing NDD-CKD self-management behaviours identified in the papers. The qualitative interviews elicited five overarching themes: “Knowledge of CKD self-management”, “Psychological factors”, “Physical factors”, “Behavioural factors”, and “Social factors”. Each theme encompassed several sub-themes, with a total of 18 sub-themes. These factors were perceived as either facilitators or barriers; however, this perception differed between individuals based on their contexts. Conclusion: The findings of this research indicate a need to develop tailored self-management support tools and resources.
Identifying, and constructing, complex magnon band topology
Creators: name: Corticelli, Alberto
name: Moessner, Roderich
name: McClarty, Paul A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetically ordered materials tend to support bands of coherent propagating spin wave, or magnon, excitations. Topologically protected surface states of magnons offer a new path towards coherent spin transport for spintronics applications. In this work we explore the variety of topological magnon band structures and provide insight into how to efficiently identify topological magnon bands in materials. We do this by adapting the topological quantum chemistry approach that has used constraints imposed by time reversal and crystalline symmetries to enumerate a large class of topological electronic bands. We show how to identify physically relevant models of gapped magnon band topology by using so-called decomposable elementary band representations, and in turn discuss how to use symmetry data to infer the presence of exotic symmetry enforced nodal topology.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures (main) + 49 pages, 10 figures (supplement)
Demonstration and Assessment of Purification Cascades for the Separation and Valorization of Hemicellulose from Organosolv Beechwood Hydrolyzates
Creators: name: Nitzsche, Roy
name: Etzold, Hendrik
name: Verges, Marlen
name: Gröngröft, Arne
name: Kraume, Matthias
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie
subject: lignocellulose biorefinery
subject: hemicellulose
subject: xylose
subject: hydrothermal treatment
subject: nanofiltration
subject: adsorption
subject: ultrafiltration
subject: flowsheet simulation
subject: costing

description: Hemicellulose and its derivatives have a high potential to replace fossil-based materials in various high-value-added products. Within this study, two purification cascades for the separation and valorization of hemicellulose and its derived monomeric sugars from organosolv beechwood hydrolyzates (BWHs) were experimentally demonstrated and assessed. Purification cascade 1 included hydrothermal treatment for converting remaining hemicellulose oligomers to xylose and the purification of the xylose by nanofiltration. Purification cascade 2 included the removal of lignin by adsorption, followed by ultrafiltration for the separation and concentration of hemicellulose. Based on the findings of the experimental work, both cascades were simulated on an industrial scale using Aspen Plus®. In purification cascade 1, 63% of the oligomeric hemicellulose was hydrothermally converted to xylose and purified by nanofiltration to 7.8 t/h of a xylose solution with a concentration of 200 g/L. In purification cascade 2, 80% of the lignin was removed by adsorption, and 7.6 t/h of a purified hemicellulose solution with a concentration of 200 g/L was obtained using ultrafiltration. The energy efficiency of the cascades was 59% and 26%, respectively. Furthermore, the estimation of specific production costs showed that xylose can be recovered from BWH at the cost of 73.7 EUR/t and hemicellulose at 135.1 EUR/t.
Nanostructured LnBaCo2O6-d (Ln = Sm, Gd) with layered structure for Intermediate Temperature SOFC cathodes
Creators: name: Gómez, Augusto E. Mejía
name: Lamas, Diego G.
name: Leyva, Ana Gabriela
name: Sacanell, Joaquín
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We evaluated for the first time the use of nanostructured layered perovskites of formulae LnBaCo2O6-d with Ln = Sm and Gd (SBCO and GBCO, respetively) as SOFC cathodes, finding promising electrochemical properties in the intermediate temperature range (~700°C). The synthesis of these nanomaterials, not reported before, was achieved by using porous templates to confine the chemical reagents in regions of about 200 nm and 800 nm. The performance of nanostructured SBCO and GBCO cathodes for the oxygen reduction reaction was analyzed in symmetrical cells using Gd2O3-doped CeO2 (GDC) as electrolyte. For this purpose, nanostructured SBCO and GBCO cathodes were deposited on both sides of the electrolyte by a simple thick-film procedure and evaluated by Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy technique under different operating conditions. We found that cathodes synthesized using smaller template pores exhibited better performance. Besides, SBCO cathodes displayed lower area-specific resistance than GBCO ones.
description: Submitted to J. of Power Sources
Matching of Images with Rotation Transformation Based on the Virtual Electromagnetic Interaction
Creators: name: Zhuang, Xiaodong
name: Mastorakis, N. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A novel approach of image matching for rotating transformation is presented and studied. The approach is inspired by electromagnetic interaction force between physical currents. The virtual current in images is proposed based on the significant edge lines extracted as the fundamental structural feature of images. The virtual electromagnetic force and the corresponding moment is studied between two images after the extraction of the virtual currents in the images. Then image matching for rotating transformation is implemented by exploiting the interaction between the virtual currents in the two images to be matched. The experimental results prove the effectiveness of the novel idea, which indicates the promising application of the proposed method in image registration.
description: 19 pages, 26 figures
Coherent structure detection and the inverse cascade mechanism in two-dimensional Navier-Stokes turbulence
Creators: name: Wang, Jiahan
name: Sesterhenn, Jörn
name: Müller, Wolf-Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Coherent structures in two-dimensional Navier-Stokes turbulence are ubiquitously observed in nature, experiments and numerical simulations. The present study conducts a comparison between several structure detection schemes based on the Okubo-Weiss criterion, the vorticity magnitude, and Lagrangian coherent structures (LCSs), focusing on the inverse cascade in two-dimensional hydrodynamic turbulence. A recently introduced vortex scaling phenomenology [B. H. Burgess, R. K. Scott, J. Fluid Mech., 811:742--756, 2017] allows the quantification of the respective thresholds required by these methods based on physical properties of the flow. The resulting improved comparability allows to identify characteristic relative differences in the detection sensitivity between the employed structure detection techniques. With respect to the inverse cascade of energy, coherent structures contribute, as expected, substantially less to the cross-scale flux than the residual incoherent parts of the flow although the energetically dominant coherent structures lead to an important large-scale deformation of the energy spectrum. This cascade inactivity can be understood by an increased misalignment of strain-rate and subgrid stress tensors within coherent structures. At the same time, the structures exhibit strong and localised nonlinear cross-scale interactions that appear to stabilize them. We quantify and interpret the resulting shape preservation of coherent structures in terms of a multi-scale gradient approach [G. L. Eyink, J. Fluid Mech., 549:191--214, 2006] as the depletion of strain rotation and vorticity gradient stretching while the dynamics of the residual fluctuations are consistent with the vortex thinning picture.
description: 37 pages, 11 Figures, accepted manuscript
短小蛇根草多组学
Creators: name: 郝小龙(Xiaolong Hao)
Publisher: name: CNGB
Year: 2023
Subjects: Genome sequencing and assembly
Raw sequence reads
Proteome
Transcriptome or Gene expression
Metabolome
Multispecies

description: 短小蛇根草（Ophiorrhiza pumila）是茜草科蛇根草属的草本植物。分布于福建、广东、海南、广西。具有清热解毒之功效。常用于感冒发热，咳嗽，痈疽肿毒，毒蛇咬伤。它是研究 MIA 生物合成和调控的模式植物，也是喜树碱的可持续来源。