cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Effects of meteorology on particle transport at the Storm Peak Laboratory (SPL)
Creators: name: Diaz, Karen
name: Kreidenweis, Sonia
name: Wiedinmyer, Christine
Publisher: name: University Corporation For Atmospheric Research (UCAR)
Year: 2008
Subjects: aerosol concentrations
respiratory problems

The Storm Peak Aerosol and Cloud Characteristics Study (SPACCS) was conducted from March 24 to April 15 of 2008 at the Storm Peak Laboratory, located in the Colorado Rocky Mountains (40.45N, 106.73W) at an elevation of 3200m. The study objectives included measurements of aerosol concentrations, size distributions, and composition for this remote site. Aerosols affect cloud radiative properties, can potentially cause respiratory problems, and can affect visibility. Average fine (diameters ranging from 8 to 300nm) particle number concentrations measured using a scanning mobility particle sizer were 1900 number per cm3 and particles measured with an aerodynamic particle sizer (particles ranging from 500 nm to 5 microns) were 141 number per cm3. Meteorological data and models were used to describe air mass characteristics and possible aerosol sources. During the study period, the site was frequently in-cloud or was experiencing precipitation. The dominant wind direction was from the northwest. However, there were several short term episodes of transport from different regions. Asian dusts, dust storms occurring in Oregon, Arizona, and New Mexico, and fires from Siberia were possible sources of particulate matter measured during these episodes. The results of this meteorological analysis will contribute to determining the sources and origins of the measured particles at the Storm Peak Laboratory during SPACCS.
Multiband Quantum Materials
Creators: name: Bezguba, Volodymyr
name: Kordyuk, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum materials are defined by the emergence of new properties resulting from collective quantum effects and by holding promise for their quantum applications. Novel superconductors, from high-Tc cuprates and iron-based superconductors to twisted monolayers, exhibit a higher level of emergent complexity, with a multiband electronic structure playing a pivotal role in their comprehension and potential applications. Here, we provide a brief overview of key multiband effects in these superconductors and topological semimetals, offering guidelines for the theory-assisted development of new quantum materials and devices.
Analysis of daily monssonal wind circulations in the lower troposphere over Estación Obispo, Mexico, using wind profilers and the Gulf Surge Index
Creators: name: Diaz, Sandra
name: Hartten, Leslie
Publisher: name: University Corporation For Atmospheric Research (UCAR)
Year: 2008
Subjects: North American Monsoon
Atmospheric General Circulation
monoonal rains
northwesterlies

The North American Monsoon dominates over northwest Mexico during the summer and many people both depend on and can be endangered by increasing rains. Atmospheric General Circulation models have not been able to accurately simulate monsoonal rains due to the poor representation of lower-tropospheric wind circulations. This project utilizes wind profiler data from the North American Monsoon Experiment 2004-2006 summers for a better understanding of land/sea breeze characteristics and daily cycles. The 915-MHz wind profiler data is obtained from the 2005 North American Monsoon Experiment 'supersite' along the coast of northwest Mexico near the mouth of the Gulf of California. Even though in previous work sea breezes are clearer in the seasonal mean, results show that 36 out of 58 days had sea breezes. Sea breezes in August occurred less often than in July or September. Before this "break" prevailing winds were from the southeast going into the sea breeze while after the "break" northwesterlies transitioned into the sea breeze. Plots of all sea breezes for the summer of 2005 show a common existence from ~12:00PM to ~5:00PM LT. Finally, when hourly wind direction is plotted along with hourly Gulf Surge Index values they show no obvious relationship between surge events and occurrences of sea breezes. This new understanding of the lower-tropospheric wind patterns over northwestern Mexico will help monsoon forecasters evaluate the monsoon prediction models’ likeness to real-time observations.
XMM-Newton view of the double-peaked Fe K-alpha complex in E1821+643
Creators: name: Jimenez-Bailon, E.
name: Santos-Lleó, M.
name: Piconcelli, E.
name: Matt, G.
name: Guainazzi, M.
name: Rodriguez-Pascual, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of the analysis of the hard band XMM-Newton spectra of the luminous, L(2-10keV)~3.4E+45 erg/s, radio-quiet quasar, E1821+643. Two emission features were observed in the 6-7 keV rest frame band, confirming previous Chandra detection of these structures. We interpret these features as two single emission lines, one consistent with the neutral Fe K-alpha line at 6.4 keV and the other most likely due to FeXXVI. If related to the quasar, the high-energy emission line should originate in highly ionised matter, i.e. the accretion disc or the clouds of the emission line regions. Alternatively, it may be related to the intergalactic medium of the rich galaxy cluster in which E1821+643 is embedded. A composite broad emission line in combination with an absorption line model, however, also fits the data well. We discuss the possible physical interpretations of the origin of these features.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A, 7 pages and 7 figures
Ethnicity, the politics and foreign investment in Malaysia
Creators: name: Yap, Kim-Hoe
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Malaysian economic development policies since independence have been strongly influenced by the relationship between the two major ethnic groups, Malays and Chinese, and by the political complexion of the state which is dominated by the Malays. Ethnic considerations in shaping economic development policies resulted in official preference of foreign investment in financing Malaysia's industrialization and economic growth. The preference was most obvious since the implementation of the New Economic Policy (NEP) in 1971. The NEP, a sweeping affirmative action program, had two official objectives: poverty eradication irrespective of race and the restructuring of society to abolish the identification of race with economic function. Determined to advance Malay economic status in relation to Chinese, the Malaysian government throughout the 1970s employed various policies to redistribute wealth in favour of the Malays. Foreign investment was encouraged to finance the country's industrialization, particularly the development of the manufacturing sector, and to provide new job opportunities and business ventures to the Malays. Restrictions on industrial investment were implemented at the expense of the non-Malays, especially Chinese. The strategy to align with foreign capital remained central to government policies in the 1980s to achieve NIC status thorugh heavy industrialization. The economic recession in 1985-86 forced the government to rely even more on foreign investment to generate growth need for redistribution to take place. The pursuit of this strategy exacerbated ethnic relations under the implementation of the NEP from 1971 to 1990. To remain legitimate in the context of Malaysian politics, the Malay dominated government after 1990 pressed for a strategy of growth with distribution to enhance Malay economic strength vis-a-vis Chinese through the anticipation of continued influx of foreign investment since 1988.
Strong-coupling theory of counterions with hard cores between symmetrically charged walls
Creators: name: Samaj, Ladislav
name: Trulsson, Martin
name: Trizac, Emmanuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By a combination of Monte Carlo simulations and analytical calculations, we investigate the effective interactions between highly charged planar interfaces, neutralized by mobile counterions (salt-free system). While most previous analysis have focused on point-like counterions, we treat them as charged hard spheres. We thus work out the fate of like-charge attraction when steric effects are at work. The analytical approach partitions counterions in two sub-populations, one for each plate, and integrates out one sub-population to derive an effective Hamiltonian for the remaining one. The effective Hamiltonian features plaquette four-particle interactions, and it is worked out by computing a Gibbs-Bogoliubov inequality for the free energy. At the root of the treatment is the fact that under strong electrostatic coupling, the system of charges forms an ordered arrangement, that can be affected by steric interactions. Fluctuations around the reference positions are accounted for. To dominant order at high coupling, it is found that steric effects do not significantly affect the interplate effective pressure, apart at small distances where hard sphere overlap are unavoidable, and thus rule out configurations.
description: 18 pages, 15 figures
Grammatical elicitation: Grammatical relation marking
Creators: name: Palacio, Frank
name: Björklund, Anna
name: Dabkowski, Maksymilian
name: Elias, Alexander
name: López Márquez, Wendy
name: Michael, Lev
name: Montaño Ramírez, Tzintia
name: Robertson, Allegra
name: Robinson, Dakota
name: Wellstood, Zachary
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: cab

description: Pronouns and grammatical relation marking on verbs 'sleep,' 'dance,' 'give,' 'know,' 'hear,' 'meet,' and 'hug' with various auxiliaries.
Distribution and community structure of at-risk and Data Deficient elasmobranchs in Zavora Bay, Mozambique
Creators: name: O’Connor, B
name: Cullain, N
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Persistent threats from fishing pressure and increasing habitat degradation, as well as slow recovery rates resulting from K-selected life histories, are putting increasing numbers of elasmobranch species (sharks, rays and skates) at risk of extinction worldwide. Global declines in elasmobranch populations merit evidence-based conservation measures, but establishment of such measures has been hindered by a paucity of population-level data. Mozambique supports a high number of threatened (Vulnerable, Endangered or Critically Endangered) and Data Deficient elasmobranch species; however, most of these populations are poorly understood. We collected baseline data on the presence, species richness, diversity, and habitat use of elasmobranchs within Zavora Bay, Mozambique, using baited remote underwater video and underwater visual census surveys, at six sites, from January 2017 to March 2020. Our results show that Zavora Bay is used year-round by 20 elasmobranch species, all of which are listed on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species as either Data Deficient, threatened, or Near Threatened with declining population trends. Many of these species are heavily targeted by fisheries or caught as bycatch throughout their range, and some do not encounter protected areas anywhere within their natural range, highlighting the urgency to establish adequate conservation strategies to prevent further population declines.
Rigidocortex octonucleatus Berger 1999
Creators: name: Durán-Ramírez, Carlos Alberto
name: Dias, Roberto Júnio Pedroso
name: Estrada, Rosaura Mayén-
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Chromista
Ciliophora
Hypotrichea
Oxytrichida
Oxytrichidae
Rigidocortex
Rigidocortex octonucleatus

description: Rigidocortex octonucleatus (Foissner, 1988) Berger, 1999
Distribution. VENEZUELA: South margin of the Henri Pittier National Park, Biological Station Rancho Grande (Foissner 2016).
description: Published as part of Durán-Ramírez, Carlos Alberto, Dias, Roberto Júnio Pedroso & Estrada, Rosaura Mayén-, 2020, Checklist of ciliates (Alveolata: Ciliophora) that inhabit in bromeliads from the Neotropical Region, pp. 1-36 in Zootaxa 4895 (1) on page 11, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4895.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4321437
Coastal nutrient and water budget assessments for Pueto Ayora, Academy Bay, Santa Cruz Island
Creators: name: Fernandez, Alisha
name: Borbor-Cordova, Mercy
Publisher: name: University Corporation For Atmospheric Research (UCAR)
Year: 2008
Subjects: Galapagos
land-ocean interactions
climate shifts
human activities
anthropogenic influences
socio-ecological stresses
nutrient concentrations

Santa Cruz Island is arguably the most visited island in the Galapagos. The coastal zone of Puerto Ayora, Academy Bay, Santa Cruz Island is susceptible to changes from land-ocean interactions, climate shifts and human activities. Human activities from urbanization, tourism and waste production are altering nitrogen and phosphorus nutrient levels in groundwater and along this coastline. The ecosystem metabolism of the coastal waters is sensitive to these human activities. Direct and indirect anthropogenic influences were examined within Academy Bay. Data sources were sparse. Relevant data were obtained during 2005-2006. The Land Ocean Interaction Coastal Zone (LOICZ) methodology was used to quantify the water-salt and nutrient budgets for Academy Bay. The hydrographic budget described inputs and outputs within this system, and was used to determine the salinity and residence time. Dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) and dissolved inorganic phosphorus (DIP) nutrient budgets were used to determine the net ecosystem metabolism (NEM) equation, which defines a system as a source or a sink. DIN and DIP concentrations revealed that the NEM is autotrophic dominated by primary producers. The targeted area is also a sink for DIN and DIP. The Pressure-State-Impact-Response (PSIR) assessment was used to identify socio-ecological stresses; through which it was determined that tourism and urbanization highly affected nutrient concentrations. An increase in these stresses may induce state changes and result in impacts such as eutrophication and algal blooms (toxic or non-toxic). The PSIR and budget analyses may be used as a framework to advise on coastal management and policy.
Mems Q-Factor Enhancement Using Parametric Amplification: Theoretical Study and Design of a Parametric Device
Creators: name: Grasser, L.
name: Mathias, H.
name: Parrain, F.
name: Roux, X. Le
name: Gilles, J. -P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Other Computer Science (cs.OH)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Parametric amplification is an interesting way of artificially increasing a MEMS Quality factor and could be helpful in many kinds of applications. This paper presents a theoretical study of this principle, based on Matlab/Simulink simulations, and proposes design guidelines for parametric structures. A new device designed with this approach is presented together with the corresponding FEM simulation results.
description: Submitted on behalf of EDA Publishing Association (http://irevues.inist.fr/EDA-Publishing)
Artefacts (Example Course Material) for the paper titled: "Teaching Data Structures and Algorithms to Future Software Engineers: A Case Study""
Creators: name: Anonymous
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Data Structures and Algorithms, Course Design and Implementation, Software Engineering Education, Educational Psychology

description: This repository contains artefacts that are used while explaining the design and implementation of a DSA course for first year bachelor Software Engineering students. These artefacts or questions in some of these artefacts are used as examples while explaining the design and implementation of the DSA course (see Section "5. Course Design and Implementation" of the paper titled "Teaching Data Structures and Algorithms to Future Software Engineers: A Case Study"). Course Schedule (see file named "Course Schedule.pdf") serves as a portal to all course information (e.g., course schedule, deadline for assignments, exam dates) and artefacts (e.g., lecture slides, links to tutorial videos, reading assignments, questions and solutions for in-class exercises, hands-on programming/problem session, skeleton codes, unit tests, etc.). Links to tutorial videos are currently active. If you want to watch them, beware that some of them might have 5 minute advertisement before the actual video starts. References for all the videos are given below at the end of this text. Links for the remains artefacts (e.g., Kahoot questions, lecture slides, in-class exercises, hands-on programming/problem session/assignment questions and their corresponding solutions, unit tests, skeleton codes, etc.) are all inactivated in order to ensure anonymity. However, this repository contains instance(s) of each of these artefacts. Sampled instance from each of these artefacts is adequate to explain the design and implementation of the DSA course.
Timing, duration and symmetry of moult in Cape Gannets
Creators: name: Adekola, Oluwadunsin E
name: Crawford, Robert JM
name: Dyer, Bruce M
name: Makhado, Azwianewi B
name: Upfold, Leshia
name: Ryan, Peter G
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Little has been reported on moult in sulids, including gannets. The Cape Gannet Morus capensis is an endangered seabird endemic to southern Africa. We describe the timing, duration, symmetry and sequence of flight feather moult in Cape Gannets from two breeding colonies and assess whether moult can be used as an index of condition. Using the Underhill-Zucchini model, we estimate moult parameters based on the proportion of feather mass grown. Adult Cape Gannets began primary moult at the beginning of January (2–3 January ± 28 days SD) at both colonies. Primary moult is protracted, with multiple active centres (mean ± SD 1.8 ± 0.8, range 1–4) and 2.0 ± 0.9 feathers growing at the same time (range 1–5). Primary moult is suspended by early June at Malgas Island (estimated duration of moult ± SE, 153.9 ± 4.1 days) and late June at Lambert’s Bay (176.5 ± 5.5 days). Secondary moult commenced in late January and proceeded from two nodal points. Despite more secondaries (3.3 ± 1.9, range 1–8) being grown simultaneously than primaries, 8% of birds were still moulting secondaries at the start of the breeding season. However, it was not certain that these individuals were breeding. Tail moult also overlapped with that of the primaries, with multiple active centres (2.7 ± 1.2, 1–6) and 2.9 ± 1.3 feathers growing at the same time (range 1–8). Almost all primary (98%) and secondary moult (97%) was symmetrical, but there was little symmetry in tail moult (54%). Rectrix symmetry tended to be greater among gannets at Malgas Island (T1: 58%; T2–T6: 67–73%) than at Lambert’s Bay (T1: 50%; T2–T6: 55–66%). Differences in moult duration and perhaps asymmetry between locations may be linked to foraging conditions, given that Lambert’s Bay gannets are thought to be under greater food stress than Malgas birds.
Letter from J. E. [John Edgar] McAllister to Mr. [James] Goldie, August 31, 1914
Creators: name: McAllister, John Edgar
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Letter to Mr. [James] Goldie from J. E. [John Edgar] McAllister, dated August 31, 1914, regarding previous letters about Bellevue Ranche.
An analytical study of tropical flows using an improvement of the longwave model
Creators: name: Gonzalez, Alex
name: Schubert, Wayne
name: Silvers, Levi
name: Masarik, Matthew
name: Moore, Ingrid
Publisher: name: University Corporation For Atmospheric Research (UCAR)
Year: 2008
Subjects: Atmospheric waves
Equitorial area
Inertia-gravity waves
Madden-Julian Oscilation
Climate models

We present a new analytical model of atmospheric waves in the equatorial area that filters out inertia-gravity waves, to gain insight on the Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO). Since the MJO is a climate phenomenon, one would like to study it using climate models, which are performed exclusively with the primitive equations. Global Climate Models (GCMs) do not simulate the MJO well, so filtered analytical models based on the primitive equations are used. Filtered models are usually derived by partitioning the flow into nondivergent and irrotational parts, which are expressed in terms of the streamfunction and velocity potential. Then certain approximations are introduced into the divergence and potential vorticity equations, with the result that inertia- gravity waves are filtered. Such procedures have led to the disadvantage that, in the process of filtering the inertia-gravity waves, the Kelvin waves are distorted (e.g., Moura 1976). In the present paper we take a different approach to the filtering problem. We partition the flow into Kelvin and non-Kelvin parts (Ripa 1994), expressing the non-Kelvin part in terms of a single potential function, Ď, which satisfies a master equation (Schubert et. al. 2008). The methods also yield an improvement of the longwave approximation (Gill 1980), in that they provide a more precise approximation of equatorial Rossby waves of all wavelengths. This is very promising for learning more about the MJO because an accurate representation of the MJO phenomenon requires well represented equatorial Rossby waves propagating west of the heat source, and a Kelvin wave propagating east of the heat source. We also derive an analytical solution for convectively coupled equatorial waves using the same filtering method as mentioned above.
Deep learning for gravitational wave forecasting of neutron star mergers
Creators: name: Wei, Wei
name: Huerta, E. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: I.2; I.5

description: We introduce deep learning time-series forecasting for gravitational wave detection of binary neutron star mergers. This method enables the identification of these signals in real advanced LIGO data up to 30 seconds before merger. When applied to GW170817, our deep learning forecasting method identifies the presence of this gravitational wave signal 10 seconds before merger. This novel approach requires a single GPU for inference, and may be used as part of an early warning system for time-sensitive multi-messenger searches.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures
Open-closed field algebras
Creators: name: Kong, Liang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 17B69, 81T40

description: We introduce the notions of open-closed field algebra and open-closed field algebra over a vertex operator algebra V. In the case that V satisfies certain finiteness and reductivity conditions, we show that an open-closed field algebra over V canonically gives an algebra over a $\C$-extension of the Swiss-cheese partial operad. We also give a tensor categorical formulation and categorical constructions of open-closed field algebras over V.
description: 55 pages, largely revised, an old subsection is deleted, a few references are added
Reconsidering the role of Rossby waves in the Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO)
Creators: name: Gonzalez, Alex
name: Schubert, Wayne
name: Mapes, Brian
Publisher: name: University Corporation For Atmospheric Research (UCAR)
Year: 2009
Subjects: tropics
equitorial wave spectrum
steady state anomalies
geopotential heights
diabatic heating

Many studies attempt to gain insight into atmospheric and oceanic phenomena in the tropics using the Gill (1980) model because it simplifies the equatorial wave spectrum by making the "longwave approximation." How can the equatorial wave spectrum be simplified to reproduce the waves important for the Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO)? The MJO is the main intraseasonal fluctuation in tropical weather, modulating precipitation, pressure, and winds all year. Global Climate Models (GCMs) do not simulate the MJO well due in part to a lack of physical understanding. In order to improve physical understanding, the dynamical aspects of the MJO were investigated in a simple model framework. Steady state anomalies of winds and geopotential heights, as well as momentum fluxes in two simplified shallow-water models on the equatorial Ă-plane, were compared to those in a "complete" shallowwater model on the equatorial Ă-plane, which represented all waves. The simplified models consisted of a "filtered" model, which produced all Rossby and Kelvin waves, and a "truncated" model, which produced all Kelvin waves and only long Rossby waves. Three case scenarios of diabatic heating were analyzed. Winds, geopotential heights, and momentum fluxes were generally weaker, and maximum values were less concentrated in the "filtered" and "truncated" models. Therefore, short Rossby waves must be well-represented in idealized models of the MJO, and inertia-gravity waves may play an important role as well. Idealized models such as the one used here can help improve physical understanding of the MJO, and GCMs can be interpreted and revised so that the MJO is simulated with more accuracy.
Strain-induced metallization and defect suppression at zipper-like interdigitated atomically thin interfaces enabling high-efficiency halide perovskite solar cells
Creators: name: Tsvetkov, Nikolai
name: Moon, Byeong Cheul
name: Kang, Jeung Ku
name: Khan, Muhammad Ejaz
name: Kim, Yong-Hoon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Halide perovskite light absorbers have great advantages for photovoltaics such as efficient solar energy absorption, but charge accumulation and recombination at the interface with an electron transport layer (ETL) remains a major challenge in realizing their full potential. Here we report the experimental realization of a zipper-like interdigitated interface between a Pb-based halide perovskite light absorber and an oxide ETL by the PbO capping of the ETL surface, which produces an atomically thin two-dimensional metallic layer that can significantly enhance the perovskite/ETL charge extraction process. As the atomistic origin of the emergent two-dimensional interfacial metallicity, first-principles calculations performed on the representative MAPbI$_3$/TiO$_2$ interface identify the interfacial strain induced by the simultaneous formation of stretched I-substitutional Pb bonds (and thus Pb-I-Pb bonds bridging MAPbI$_3$ and TiO$_2$) and contracted substitutional Pb-O bonds. Direct and indirect experimental evidences for the presence of interfacial metallic states are provided, and a non-conventional defect-passivating nature of the strained interdigitated perovskite/ETL interface is emphasized. It is experimentally demonstrated that the PbO capping method is generally applicable to other ETL materials including ZnO and SrTiO$_3$, and that the zipper-like interdigitated metallic interface leads to about two-fold increase in charge extraction rate. Finally, in terms of the photovoltaic efficiency, we observe a volcano-type behavior with the highest performance achieved at the monolayer-level PbO capping. The method established here might prove to be a general interface engineering approach to realize high-performance perovskite solar cells.
description: 16 pages, 6 figures
Relations Between Quantum Maps and Quantum States
Creators: name: Asorey, M.
name: Kossakowski, A.
name: Marmo, G.
name: Sudarshan, E. C. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The relation between completely positive maps and compound states is investigated in terms of the notion of quantum conditional probability.
Raw Data: Towards a high-quality fertilizer based on algae residues treated via hydrothermal carbonization. Trends on how process parameters influence inorganics.
Creators: name: Moloeznik Paniagua, Daniela
name: Krenz, Lina Maja Marie
name: Libra, Judy A.
name: Rotter, Vera Susanne
name: Korf, Nathalie
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::620 Ingenieurwissenschaften::628 Sanitär- und Kommunaltechnik; Umwelttechnik
subject: brown macroalgae
subject: hydrothermal carbonization
subject: fertilizer
subject: hydrochar
subject: soil amendment

description: This data set includes two databases: 1. The data collected from the literature review from past experiments done by submitting macroalgae to hydrothermal carbonization 2. The analyitcal data created from the 13 hydrothermal carbonization runs. The hydrochar values and the Fucus vesiculosus values are shared. In both data bases mass fractions and mass recoveries in hydrochars for nutrients, heavy metals and other elements are shown. In this study Brown macroalgae, Fucus vesiculosus, was submitted to hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) as a volume-reduction and stabilization method to produce hydrochars and the resulting hydrochars (HCs)s were evaluated for their feasibility to be used as fertilizers and/or soil amendments. A full factorial design was used to vary three identify process parameter relationships with mass fractions?,? the behavior of inorganic elements distribution and their compliance with soil amendment and fertilizer regulation limit values. HTC process parameters:: varied in temperature (160, 190, 220°C), solid content (20, 35%) and process water (PW) recirculation (with and without) were assessed in this study.
The effects of habitat loss and fragmentation on updated estimates of the population of the Agulhas Long-billed Lark Certhilauda brevirostris, a South African endemic
Creators: name: Evans, Steven W
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: The Agulhas Long-billed Lark Certhilauda brevirostris is a South African endemic and is restricted to the fynbos habitat of the Agulhas Plain in the southwestern corner of South Africa. The 1990, 2014, and 2018 land use land cover (LULC) databases prepared for South Africa were used to determine the LULC categories that best describe suitable habitat for this bird using beta regressions. Previously published densities of Agulhas Long-billed Lark and the surface area of the LULC categories considered suitable habitat for the birds were used to estimate their historical and current population sizes, and the rates of change in the bird’s population. Beta regression models were compiled from the bird’s adjusted reporting rate and the total surface area, and three other landscape metrics, of the per pentad LULC categories considered suitable habitat for them. These models revealed that although the Agulhas Long-billed Lark is adversely affected by the loss of its natural fynbos habitat these adverse effects have been offset by an increase in the availability of fallow fields in summer. This confirms previous observations that agriculture may have allowed the Agulhas Long-billed Lark to increase in numbers. The Agulhas Long-billed Lark’s extent of occurrence (EOO) was estimated at 1 322 509 ha (n = 197 pentads) with an area of occupancy (AOO) estimated to be 1 076 854 ha in 2020. The decline in habitat available to the birds was estimated to be 3.5% over three generations (10.5 years). The present study provides improved estimates of the population of the Agulhas Long-billed Lark of between 146 344 and 264 691 individuals, with between 60 753 and 109 883 individuals in natural habitat, and between 85 591 and 154 808 individuals in transformed habitat. The results of the present study indicate that the Agulhas Long-billed Lark’s Near Threatened status should be reviewed.
A statistical comparison of vertical Total Electron Content (TEC) from three ionospheric models
Creators: name: Jones, McArthur
name: Codrescu, Mihail
name: Gannon, Jennifer
Publisher: name: University Corporation For Atmospheric Research (UCAR)
Year: 2008
Subjects: solar cycle
communication systems
navigation systems
electron content

[1] Total electron content (TEC) exhibits significant variations in both space and time depending upon latitude, longitude, solar cycle, UTC, and season; these variations can have potentially negative effects on communication and navigation systems. Recently, three models have provided accurate results in reconstructing and/or calculating real-time (or near real-time) vertical TEC values: the Utah State University Global Assimilation of Ionospheric Measurements (USU GAIM) Gauss-Markov Kalman Filter Model, the United States Total Electron Content (US-TEC) Model, and the Coupled Thermosphere Ionosphere Plasmasphere electrodynamics (CTIPe) Model. This research offers a statistical comparison of the vertical TEC outputs from the previously mentioned models on both a global and local (over the continental US) scale during the month of July 2008. We present the average difference and root mean square difference (RMS difference) for three different model comparisons (e.g. â US-TEC vs. GAIM, US-TEC vs. CTIPe, and GAIM vs. CTIPe). We have documented certain model biases and the differences measured between corresponding data points among the models relative to each comparison. Two out of the three comparisons showed that the US-TEC modelâs bias predicted higher values of vertical TEC relative to the other models, while the third comparison revealed a small bias in the CTIPe model to forecast greater vertical TEC values when compared to the GAIM model. By computing the RMS difference, we can better examine the source of these biases relative to the aforementioned model comparisons. This is the first step in documenting the biases, errors, and uncertainties associated with these three models.
Localization and regulation of mRNA transcripts encoding activin receptors in human placental trophoblast cells
Creators: name: Chen, Victor
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: There is increasing evidence to suggest that activin can function as an autocrine/paracrine regulator in various tissues, including the reproductive system. At the cellular level, activin acts via a family of activin receptor (ActR) subtypes which includes two type I (ActRI and ActRLB) and two type II (II and ILB) receptors. The role of activin in the human placenta is not clearly understood. In this study, the detection of inlubin/activin subunit and ActRI mRNA were examined in first trimester cytotrophoblasts, term cytotrophoblasts, extravillous trophoblast (EVT) cells, immortalized extravillous trophoblast (LEVT) cells, JEG-3 cells, decidual tissue, and decidual cells. Regulation of ActRI mRNA levels was also studied in LEVT cells using competitive polymerase chain reaction (cPCR). With the exception of JEG-3 cells, ActRILB mRNA was detected in all cell populations, mRNA transcripts encoding inhibina, inhibinRA, inhibinpB, ActRI, ActRII and ActRILB were detected in the whole cell populations. However, ActRLB mRNA could not be detected in all cell populations. With Northern blot hybridization analysis, it was found that the ActRI mRNA level was greatest in first trimester EVT cells followed in decreasing order of first trimester cytotrophoblasts, JEG-3 cells and term cytotrophoblasts. An internal standard of ActRI cDNA for cPCR was constructed for the precise quantitation of the ActRI mRNA levels in LEVT cells. The ActRI mRNA accumulation was stimulated in a dose-dependent manner by activin-A with a maximal effect three times that of control culture at a dose of 10 ng/ml activin-A. The time course of the activin-A effects on ActRI mRNA levels showed an early response with the maximal increase at 6 hours. The effects of follistatin, an activin binding protein, with and without the concomitant presence of activin-A, were also examined. Follistatin had no effect on ActRI mRNA levels in the absence of activin- A. Co-treatment of activin-A and follistatin demonstrated the blocking effect of follistatin on activin-A with dose dependent manner. This study provides evidence for the first time that activin-A and follistatin modulate the ActRI mRNA levels in an autocrine/paracrine manner in human placental trophoblast cells.
Biodegradable Polylactic Acid (PLA) Microstructures for Scaffold Applications
Creators: name: Wang, G. -J.
name: Ho, K. -H.
name: Hsueh, C. -C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Other Computer Science (cs.OH)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this research, we present a simple and cost effective soft lithographic process to fabricate PLA scaffolds for tissue engineering. In which, the negative photoresist JSR THB-120N was spun on a glass subtract followed by conventional UV lithographic processes to fabricate the master to cast the PDMS elastomeric mold. A thin poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) layer was used as a mode release such that the PLA scaffold can be easily peeled off. The PLA precursor solution was then cast onto the PDMS mold to form the PLA microstructures. After evaporating the solvent, the PLA microstructures can be easily peeled off from the PDMS mold. Experimental results show that the desired microvessels scaffold can be successfully transferred to the biodegradable polymer PLA.
description: Submitted on behalf of EDA Publishing Association (http://irevues.inist.fr/EDA-Publishing)
Multiple solutions of Kazdan-Warner equation on graphs in the negative case
Creators: name: Liu, Shuang
name: Yang, Yunyan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $G=(V,E)$ be a finite connected graph, and let $κ: V\rightarrow \mathbb{R}$ be a function such that $\int_Vκdμ<0$. We consider the following Kazdan-Warner equation on $G$:\[Δu+κ-K_λe^{2u}=0,\] where $K_λ=K+λ$ and $K: V\rightarrow \mathbb{R}$ is a non-constant function satisfying $\max_{x\in V}K(x)=0$ and $λ\in \mathbb{R}$. By a variational method, we prove that there exists a $λ^*>0$ such that when $λ\in(-\infty,λ^*]$ the above equation has solutions, and has no solution when $λ\geq λ^\ast$. In particular, it has only one solution if $λ\leq 0$; at least two distinct solutions if $0
description: 15 pages
Chirality imbalance and chiral magnetic effect under a parallel electromagnetic field
Creators: name: Aoi, Hayato
name: Suzuki, Katsuhiko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the time evolution of the chirality imbalance $n_5$ and the chiral magnetic effect (CME) under the external parallel electromagnetic fields without assuming the artificial chiral asymmetric source. We adopt the time-dependent Sauter-type electric and constant magnetic field, and obtain analytical solutions of the Dirac equation for a massive fermion. We use the point-split regularization to calculate the vacuum contribution in the gauge invariant way. As a result, we find that $n_5$ and CME current increase substantially as the electric field increases, and stay finite after the electric field is switched off. The chirality imbalance and CME current are shown to consist of a dominant contribution, which is essentially proportional to relativistic velocity, and a small oscillating part. We find a simple analytical relation between $n_5$ and the fermion pair-production rate from the vacuum. We also discuss dynamical origin of the chirality imbalance in detail.
description: 29 pages, 6 figures, revised version is accepted for publication in Phys.Rev.D
Factors Influencing the Gulf and Pacific Northwest (PNW) Soybean Export Basis: An Exploratory Statistical Analysis
Creators: name: Bullock, David W.
name: Wilson, William W.
name: Bullock, David W.
name: Wilson, William W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: soybean export basis
subject: seasonal analog
subject: partial least squares (PLS)
subject: agglomerative hierarchal clustering (AHC)
subject: Lebart mean difference test

description: Growth in the export marketing of soybeans has drawn attention to the basis volatility in these market channels. Indeed, there has been greater growth in soybean exports compared to other commodities and this is due in part to the growth of exports to China. Concurrently, there has been substantial volatility in the basis at the primary U.S. export locations: the U.S. Gulf and the Pacific Northwest (PNW). The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of supply/demand, export competition and logistical variables on both the average level and seasonality (analog year) of U.S. export basis values for the 2004/05 through 2015/16 marketing years (September through August for U.S. soybeans). The results indicate that the average market year level of the basis is primarily influenced by export competition from Brazil and export demand – particularly from China; however, domestic demand (soybean crush) also has some influence. Rail transportation costs to both the Gulf and PNW have an influence on the basis level; however, barge and ocean freight rates appear to not have a significant influence on the level of the basis. Application of agglomerative hierarchal clustering resulted in the identification of 5 and 4 distinct analogs (over the 12 marketing years in the dataset) for the Gulf and PNW respectively. Application of the two-sample mean difference tests (Lebart, Morineau and Piron 2000) to the analogs indicate that the seasonal analog of the export basis is more heavily influenced by internal logistical conditions (late railcar placement and secondary railcar values), pace of farmer marketings, transportation cost differentials (between ports), and individual port export activity (ships in port and export inspections) rather than international and domestic demand.
Kentucky Highway User Survey 2004
Creators: name: Langley, Ronald E.
name: Grossardt, Ted
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: The purpose of this study was to continue the efforts begun in 1997 to monitor Kentucky public opinion regarding the quality of highway systems, including a portion to measure satisfaction with current drivers’ license and registration renewal processes. Kentucky’s 2004 public opinion is compared to data colleted in previous years to gauge the state’s progress.
Optimal Real-Weighted Beamforming With Application to Linear and Spherical Arrays
Creators: name: Tourbabin, V.
name: Agmon, M.
name: Rafaely, B.
name: Tabrikian, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: One of the uses of sensor arrays is for spatial filtering or beamforming. Current digital signal processing methods facilitate complex-weighted beamforming, providing flexibility in array design. Previous studies proposed the use of real-valued beamforming weights, which although reduce flexibility in design, may provide a range of benefits, e.g., simplified beamformer implementation or efficient beamforming algorithms. This paper presents a new method for the design of arrays with real-valued weights, that achieve maximum directivity, providing closed-form solution to array weights. The method is studied for linear and spherical arrays, where it is shown that rigid spherical arrays are particularly suitable for real-weight designs as they do not suffer from grating lobes, a dominant feature in linear arrays with real weights. A simulation study is presented for linear and spherical arrays, along with an experimental investigation, validating the theoretical developments.
Distillation-based fabric anomaly detection
Creators: name: Thomine, Simon
name: Snoussi, Hichem
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Unsupervised texture anomaly detection has been a concerning topic in a vast amount of industrial processes. Patterned textures inspection, particularly in the context of fabric defect detection, is indeed a widely encountered use case. This task involves handling a diverse spectrum of colors and textile types, encompassing a wide range of fabrics. Given the extensive variability in colors, textures, and defect types, fabric defect detection poses a complex and challenging problem in the field of patterned textures inspection. In this article, we propose a knowledge distillation-based approach tailored specifically for addressing the challenge of unsupervised anomaly detection in textures resembling fabrics. Our method aims to redefine the recently introduced reverse distillation approach, which advocates for an encoder-decoder design to mitigate classifier bias and to prevent the student from reconstructing anomalies. In this study, we present a new reverse distillation technique for the specific task of fabric defect detection. Our approach involves a meticulous design selection that strategically highlights high-level features. To demonstrate the capabilities of our approach both in terms of performance and inference speed, we conducted a series of experiments on multiple texture datasets, including MVTEC AD, AITEX, and TILDA, alongside conducting experiments on a dataset acquired from a textile manufacturing facility. The main contributions of this paper are the following: a robust texture anomaly detector utilizing a reverse knowledge-distillation technique suitable for both anomaly detection and domain generalization and a novel dataset encompassing a diverse range of fabrics and defects.
description: Textile Research Journal. 2023;0(0)