cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
6D RG Flows and Nilpotent Hierarchies
Creators: name: Heckman, Jonathan J.
name: Rudelius, Tom
name: Tomasiello, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With the eventual aim of classifying renormalization group flows between 6D superconformal field theories (SCFTs), we study flows generated by the vevs of "conformal matter," a generalization of conventional hypermultiplets which naturally appear in the F-theory classification of 6D SCFTs. We consider flows in which the parent UV theory is (on its partial tensor branch) a linear chain of gauge groups connected by conformal matter, with one flavor group G at each end of the chain, and in which the symmetry breaking of the conformal matter at each end is parameterized by the orbit of a nilpotent element, i.e. T-brane data, of one of these flavor symmetries. Such nilpotent orbits admit a partial ordering, which is reflected in a hierarchy of IR fixed points. For each such nilpotent orbit, we determine the corresponding tensor branch for the resulting SCFT. An important feature of this algebraic approach is that it also allows us to systematically compute the unbroken flavor symmetries inherited from the parent UV theory.
description: v2: 53 pages, 12 figures, clarifications added, typos corrected
No change in ENSO hydroclimate variability after the industrial revolution as recorded in ?18O of Tectona grandis L.F. from Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia
Creators: name: Herho, Sandy Hardian Susanto
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Paleoclimate science
subject: Climate change
subject: Geochemistry
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: alpha-cellulose
subject: anthropogenic forcing
subject: ENSO
subject: industrial revolution
subject: past millennia
subject: teaks

description: El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is a quasi-periodic interannual oscillation of the ocean-atmosphere system in the tropical Pacific which greatly influences global climate variability. However, the long-term response to greenhouse gas forcing is still controversial. In this study, we measured the oxygen isotopic composition of ?-cellulose samples at intraannual resolution from independently crossdated teak cores (Tectona grandis L. f.) collected at Muna, Indonesia (5.3ºS, 123ºE, elev. 10m). The site and observation has been previously shown to provide an indirect measure of ENSO activity via local precipitation amount variations associated with ENSO. We created an ensembled composite of the interannual variability for the period 1680-2005 (316 years) using empirical high pass filtering and random sampling of intra-annual resolution measurements. In processing this time series composite, we used Singular Spectrum Analysis (SSA) to high pass filter the data for the interannual variability associated with ENSO. The annually-resolved composite time series of ?18O that we constructed has a higher resolution than other studies that have been conducted to reconstruct ENSO-hydroclimate activities in the western tropical Pacific region over this period. Using this ?18O composite, we compared the distribution of events in the period before and after the industrial revolution using the two-sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov(KS) test. We found no statistically significant change in the distribution of ?18O anomalies. The same statistical test was applied to the Niño 3.4 reconstruction from the Last Millennium Reanalysis (LMR). The results of this study suggest that if there is indeed a forced response of ENSO, it is as yet indetectable. This may be because the forcing is not yet large enough or the forced response is small relative to the unforced variability. Additional factors that might explain this result in the ?18O composite include its observational and interpretational uncertainty, and in the LMR reconstruction, the scarcity of tropical observational constraints and systematic error in the representation of ENSO in climate simulations.
The ultra-high energy cosmic rays image of Virgo A
Creators: name: Šmída, Radomír
name: Engel, Ralph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Arrival directions of ultra-high energy cosmic rays from the direction of ten brightest radio sources lying within 50 Mpc from our Galaxy were studied by using recent models of the largescale Galactic magnetic field. A detailed study, where also small-scale turbulent magnetic field component was implemented, is presented for the radiogalaxy Virgo A. This radiogalaxy is located far from the Galactic plane which leads to a unique image of this UHECR source candidate, if the flux is composed from a mixture of intermediate mass nuclei. We present a method suitable for identifying cosmic rays arriving from this close-by radiogalaxy.
description: 8 pages, Proceeding of the 34th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC), July 30 - August 6, 2015, The Hague, The Netherlands
title: X-ray diagnostics and endoprothesis replacement of knee joints when hemophilic arthropathy of the people of Kazakhstan
Creators: name: Abdrakhmanova, Zhanna
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Trauma
subject: Image verification
subject: Demineralisation-Bone
subject: Treatment effects
subject: Surgery
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: MR
subject: CT
subject: Absorptiometry / Bone densitometry
subject: MR physics
subject: Haematologic
subject: Bones

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: Learn to evaluate the role of integrated use of standard X-ray methods and computed tomography in evaluation of severity of joint destruction in patients with...
Chromospheric Polarization in the Photospheric Solar Oxygen Infrared Triplet
Creators: name: Alemán, T. del Pino
name: Bueno, J. Trujillo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present multilevel radiative transfer modeling of the scattering polarization observed in the solar O I infrared triplet around 777 nm. We demonstrate that the scattering polarization pattern observed on the solar disk forms in the chromosphere, far above the photospheric region where the bulk of the emergent intensity profiles originates. We study the sensitivity of the polarization pattern to the thermal structure of the solar atmosphere and to the presence of weak magnetic fields (0.01 - 100 G) through the Hanle effect, showing that the scattering polarization signals of the oxygen infrared triplet encode information on the magnetism of the solar chromosphere.
description: To be published in ApJ Letters
Discovering gravitationally lensed gravitational waves: predicted rates, candidate selection, and localization with the Vera Rubin Observatory
Creators: name: Smith, Graham P.
name: Robertson, Andrew
name: Mahler, Guillaume
name: Nicholl, Matt
name: Ryczanowski, Dan
name: Bianconi, Matteo
name: Sharon, Keren
name: Massey, Richard
name: Richard, Johan
name: Jauzac, Mathilde
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Secure confirmation that a gravitational wave (GW) has been gravitationally lensed would bring together these two pillars of General Relativity for the first time. This breakthrough is challenging for many reasons, including: GW sky localization uncertainties dwarf the angular scale of gravitational lensing, the mass and structure of gravitational lenses is diverse, the mass function of stellar remnant compact objects is not yet well constrained, and GW detectors do not operate continuously. We introduce a new approach that is agnostic to the mass and structure of the lenses, compare the efficiency of different methods for lensed GW discovery, and explore detection of lensed kilonova counterparts as a direct method for localising candidates. Our main conclusions are: (1) lensed neutron star mergers (NS-NS) are magnified into the "mass gap" between NS and black holes, therefore selecting candidates from public GW alerts with high mass gap probability is efficient, (2) the rate of detectable lensed NS-NS will approach one per year in the mid-2020s, (3) the arrival time difference between lensed NS-NS images is $1\,\rm sec\lesssimΔt\lesssim1\,year$, and thus well-matched to the operations of GW detectors and optical telescopes, (4) lensed kilonova counterparts are faint at peak (e.g.\ $r_{\rm AB}\simeq24-26$ in the mid-2020s), fade quickly ($d<2\,\rm days$), and are detectable with target of opportunity observations with large wide-field telescopes. For example, just $\lesssim0.25$ per cent of Vera C.\ Rubin Observatory's observing time will be sufficient to follow up one well-localized candidate per year. Our predictions also provide a physically well-defined basis for exploring electromagnetically the exciting new "mass gap" discovery space.
description: Accepted by MNRAS. 20 pages, 10 figures
Public Skin Cancer Screenings with the Polka Dot Mama Melanoma Foundation
Creators: name: Powell, Helen
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: Background: Skin cancer is a major public health burden.  While treatable, early diagnosis usually portends a better prognosis.  Screening is one preventive measure, although the United States Preventive Services Task Force has deemed there to be “insufficient evidence” for recommendation.  The American Academy of Dermatology has sponsored free, public skin screenings since 1985, but there is minimal data supporting these efforts.  The utility of community screening events in general is debated in the literature.Objective: To determine whether free, public skin cancer screenings are effective for secondary prevention of skin cancer through an analysis of follow-up rates of screening events hosted by the Polka Dot Mama Melanoma Foundation.  To explore the challenges of implementing and measuring effectiveness of a community screening event.Methods: I conducted an observational study using survey data, along with a literature review on the value of community-oriented screening events.Results: Most screening participants were white, female, and 51 to 65 years old.  More than half have had at least one blistering sunburn before age 20 years old and approximately half have used indoor tanning equipment.  Over half of participants surveyed by telephone reported demonstrating sun-protective behaviors since their screening.  Approximately one-third of participants had never seen a dermatologist prior to the screening.  Diagnostic confirmation of four total skin cancers and two precancerous AKs appeared to result from these screening events.Conclusion: Community screenings are primarily helpful insofar as their success can be measured.  It is important to study challenges associated with community screenings for the evaluation and success of future community screening events.  The general sentiment toward skin cancer screenings is mixed, so future studies must focus on whether or not free skin screenings have a positive influence on the community and save lives.
Nuclear Reactions at Intermediate Energies
Creators: name: Shyam, Radhey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the domain of Nuclear reactions at intermediate energies, the QCD coupling constant $α_s$ is large enough ($\sim$ 0.3 - 0.5) to render the perturbative calculational techniques inapplicable. In this regime the quarks are confined into colorless hadrons and it is expected that effective field theories of hadron interactions via exchange of hadrons, provide useful tools to describe such reactions. In this contribution we discuss applications of one such theory, the effective Lagrangian model, in describing the hadronic reactions at intermediate energies whose measurements are the focus of a vast international experimental program.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures, Plenary talk presented at NN2015, June 21-26, 2015, Catania, Italy
LAST DANCE, LOST DANCE: STRATEGIZING INDETERMINACY TOWARD LIVE AND EMERGENT CHOREOGRAPHIES
Creators: name: Villanueva, Carlo Antonio Ortega
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Dance
subject: Performing arts
subject: Asian American studies
subject: choreography
subject: emergent
subject: improvisation
subject: indeterminacy
subject: interdisciplinary
subject: performance

description: Last Dance, Lost Dance is a 30-minute interdisciplinary performance piece that explores the concept of indeterminacy in performance. Indeterminacy—the phenomenon of a performer making decisions during performance—is a reifying analytical perspective from which dance improvisation can be seen, applied, and understood. Instinctively directed and choreographed by Carlo Antonio Ortega Villanueva, Last Dance, Lost Dance resists the fixity of choreographic form in pursuit of relational, responsive collaborations in performance strategy and (interdisciplinarily) with theater design. To do so, Last Dance, Lost Dance reschedules choreography to include the moment of performance, through the use of improvisational strategies; and reconfigures choreography to include the design and movement of mise en scène. As a result, Last Dance, Lost Dance commands the full apparatus of the theater despite its imposed rubrics for form, beauty, and aesthetic; and its choreography emerges in real time, authored live by its performers. These experimental modes of choreography ask and dance the question: “What is the relationship between form and possibility?” This document, “Last Dance, Lost Dance: Strategizing Indeterminacy Toward Live and Emergent Choreographies,” supports and contextualizes Last Dance, Lost Dance with discussions of dance and the archive, Asian American postmodern performance, and photographic and narrative documentation of the creative research, development, and critical reflections of Last Dance, Lost Dance; it is accompanied by an archival video of the performance.
Understanding Mobile Traffic Patterns of Large Scale Cellular Towers in Urban Environment
Creators: name: Wang, Huandong
name: Xu, Fengli
name: Li, Yong
name: Zhang, Pengyu
name: Jin, Depeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: C.2.0; C.4

description: Understanding mobile traffic patterns of large scale cellular towers in urban environment is extremely valuable for Internet service providers, mobile users, and government managers of modern metropolis. This paper aims at extracting and modeling the traffic patterns of large scale towers deployed in a metropolitan city. To achieve this goal, we need to address several challenges, including lack of appropriate tools for processing large scale traffic measurement data, unknown traffic patterns, as well as handling complicated factors of urban ecology and human behaviors that affect traffic patterns. Our core contribution is a powerful model which combines three dimensional information (time, locations of towers, and traffic frequency spectrum) to extract and model the traffic patterns of thousands of cellular towers. Our empirical analysis reveals the following important observations. First, only five basic time-domain traffic patterns exist among the 9,600 cellular towers. Second, each of the extracted traffic pattern maps to one type of geographical locations related to urban ecology, including residential area, business district, transport, entertainment, and comprehensive area. Third, our frequency-domain traffic spectrum analysis suggests that the traffic of any tower among the 9,600 can be constructed using a linear combination of four primary components corresponding to human activity behaviors. We believe that the proposed traffic patterns extraction and modeling methodology, combined with the empirical analysis on the mobile traffic, pave the way toward a deep understanding of the traffic patterns of large scale cellular towers in modern metropolis.
description: To appear at IMC 2015
203.2 Preservation Watch at the National Archives of The Netherlands.
Creators: name: Lucker, Pepijn
name: Ras, Marcel
name: Sierman, Barbara
name: van Veenendaal, Remco
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 203. Capacity and Accomplishment (paper presentations - chair: Andrea Green)
subject: ipres2018
subject: short paper

description: In 2015 a new preservation policy of the National Archives of The Netherlands (NaNeth) was approved. Part of our policy is the implementation of the so called preservation watch. Preservation watch as a concept was first minted in the European PLANETS project (2007-2011, http://www.planets-project.eu). It is part of the PLANETS functional model which is an elaboration of the OAIS function Preservation Planning. The PLANETS functional model describes the functions and processes of a preservation planning component of a digital repository. It has three important preservation functions: watch, planning and action. Preservation Watch monitors a variety of internal and external entities, including the content preserved in the digital repository itself. Critical or imminent risks are passed to Preservation Planning for further analysis and planning of subsequent Preservation Action. Preservation Watch will be included in the next revision of the OAIS standard. Preservation Watch has already partly been implemented at NaNeth. In 2018, however, we will fully implement an enhanced preservation watch in all departments of the organization: a 'horizontal' sustainable accessibility plan that is model-based, process-based and based on international standards and community best practices. The core of this plan is the structured monitoring of our own and external environment. For instance, the Collections department will monitor the state of the digital archives we keep in our repository, Public Services will monitor the needs of our user communities, Account Management will monitor developments within the ministerial departments whose archives in time will be transferred to us. The results of all these monitoring activities, under the coordination of preservation specialists, will be analysed for risks and opportunities in regular cycles. This will enable us to intervene in good time if the sustainable accessibility of information objects is threatened. We will also enlarge the model by adding the other OAIS functions (besides Planning): Creation, (pre)Ingest, Archival Storage, Data Management and Access. In this way we will cover the complete lifecycle of information objects, from creation to access. Eventually, we foresee a Preservation Watch on a national scale, under the umbrella of the Digital Heritage Network (DHN). The experiences of NaNeth in implementing a preservation watch function will be expanded to other organizations and domains in The Netherlands. The development of a collaborative knowledge base is also necessary as we evolve more and more towards a national preservation network.
title: Low-dose whole-organ CT perfusion of the pancreas: comparison of regional blood flow in MEN1, sporadic endocrine tumour and tumour-free patients
Creators: name: Zhu, Liang
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: Pancreas
subject: Oncology
subject: CT
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Endocrine disorders

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia type I (MEN1) are known to be prone to develop pancreatic endocrine tumors (PETs). The pancreatic tumors in MEN1 patients have much earlier onset compared to the sporadicform, tend to be multiple in nature...
Theory for polaritonic quantum tunneling
Creators: name: Kansanen, Kalle S. U.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I investigate the tunneling decay rate of a polaritonic system formed by a strong coupling between a vacuum cavity mode and $N$ metastable systems. Using a simple model potential, I find the instanton solutions controlling the low-temperature tunneling rate. The resulting rate modification due to the cavity is proportional to the mean of the second power of the light-matter coupling. No collective effect that would enhance the rates by a factor of $\sqrt{N}$ is present, which is in line with the results in the thermal activation regime.
description: Minor text changes compared to previous version
Improving Health Programs in Resource-Poor Settings: A Vaccine Program Case Study in Haiti
Creators: name: Suh, Hannah
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: This paper provides an overview regarding initiation, sustainability and improvement of health programs in resource-poor settings, utilizing a specific example of an ongoing vaccine program in Haiti. Continuous Quality Improvement (CQI) is discussed as an effective tool to leverage activities and assets in resource-poor settings. Vaccine programs provide a useful example of cost-effective primary prevention public health programs which are implemented at the community level. The goal of these programs is immunization coverage. Thus, improvement efforts often aim to increase coverage rates in the target population. In the context of resource-poor settings, we review the main approaches and barriers in implementing and improving health programs, and review approaches for CQI as a methodology to carry out such programs. I also discuss limitations of CQI, and explore the important role of leadership in CQI. Using a vaccine program in Haiti as a case study, examples of CQI methods and barriers are examined and evaluated. This program, which is currently ongoing, has made use of CQI methods in the planning, initiation, and implementation stages. Ongoing evaluation of results is underway to determine if implemented changes are leading to measurable improvements. Additionally, ongoing review will reveal potential barriers or unintended consequences of those changes. In discussing these concepts and the specific applications to this case study conclusions are drawn about how CQI has been used for vaccination programs in resource-poor settings. Also discussed is how these methods may be applied to other types of community health programs in similar settings in order to make the most efficient use of resources to implement system changes and achieve program goals relating to community health improvement.
Simple operation sequences to couple and interchange quantum information between spin qubits of different kinds
Creators: name: Mehl, Sebastian
name: DiVincenzo, David P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Efficient operation sequences to couple and interchange quantum information between quantum dot spin qubits of different kinds are derived using exchange interactions. In the qubit encoding of a single-spin qubit, a singlet-triplet qubit, and an exchange-only (triple-dot) qubit, some of the single-qubit interactions remain on during the entangling operation; this greatly simplifies the operation sequences that construct entangling operations. In the ideal setup, the gate operations use the intra-qubit exchange interactions only once. The limitations of the entangling sequences are discussed, and it is shown how quantum information can be converted between different kinds of quantum dot spin qubits.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures
title: Fetal MRI
Creators: name: Oztek, Murat Alp
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Obstetrics
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: MR
subject: Obstetrics (Pregnancy / birth / postnatal period)

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives:  In this study, we aimed to present MRI findings of some fetal...
title: PI-RADS score to evaluate prostate cancer in Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Creators: name: Ramos Rodriguez, Jose Ramon
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: Pelvis
subject: Genital / Reproductive system male
subject: MR
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: MR-Functional imaging
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Neoplasia

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: To review the sensitivity and specificity of multiparametric MRI for diagnosis of prostate cancerin our...
Early Repolarization: A Marker of Increased Risk of Sudden Cardiac Death?
Creators: name: Olson, Kristoff
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: This Master’s Paper is composed of two principal parts. The first portion provides a brief introduction on the problem of sudden cardiac death and its possible association with the early repolarization pattern seen on electrocardiogram. This is followed by a systematic review of the existing literature on the topic. The second portion of the paper is an original research manuscript. Data from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study was used to examine the association between J-point elevation on electrocardiogram and long term risk of sudden cardiac death and other adverse outcomes.
title: Temporal bone micro-anatomy on high resolution CT: Comparison of multi-planar 2-dimentional and volume-rendered 3-dimentional evaluation of middle ear and inner ear structures.
Creators: name: Paruthikunnan, Samir
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Epidemiology
subject: Computer Applications-3D
subject: Image manipulation / Reconstruction
subject: CT-High Resolution
subject: Ear / Nose / Throat
subject: Computer applications
subject: Anatomy

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: High resolution computed tomography (HRCT) scanning is established as a standard technique since it demonstrates detailed anatomy and pathology of temporal bone. Although 2-dimentional (2D) HRCT images are used to evaluate the temporal bone...
title: Untersuchungen zur Bildung von Furocumarinen in Knollensellerie in Abhängigkeit von Pathogenbefall und Pflanzenschutz
Creators: name: Hintenaus, Andy
Publisher: name: Julius Kühn-Institut, Bundesforschungsinstitut für Kulturpflanzen
Year: 2013

description: Berichte aus dem Julius Kühn-Institut 168; 60 S.
The near-field shape and stability of a porous plume
Creators: name: Benham, GP
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When a fluid is injected into a porous medium saturated with an ambient fluid of a greater density, the injected fluid forms a plume that rises upwards due to buoyancy. In the near-field of the injection point the plume adjusts its speed to match the buoyancy velocity of the porous medium, either thinning or thickening to conserve mass. These adjustments are the dominant controls on the near-field plume shape, rather than mixing with the ambient fluid, which occurs over larger vertical distances. In this study, we focus on the plume behaviour in the near-field, demonstrating that for moderate injection rates the plume will reach a steady state, whereby it matches the buoyancy velocity over a few plume width-scales from the injection point. However, for very small injection rates an instability occurs in which the steady plume breaks apart due to the insurmountable density contrast with the surrounding fluid. The steady shape of the plume in the near-field only depends on a single dimensionless parameter, which is the ratio between the inlet velocity and the buoyancy velocity. A linear stability analysis is performed, indicating that for small velocity ratios an infinitesimal perturbation can be constructed that becomes unstable, whilst for moderate velocity ratios the shape is shown to be stable. Finally, we comment on the application of such flows to the context of CO$_2$ sequestration in porous geological reservoirs.
Avoiding the "Great Filter": An Assessment of Climate Change Solutions and Combinations for Effective Implementation
Creators: name: Zhang, Junze
name: Zhang, Kerry
name: Zhang, Mary
name: Jiang, Jonathan H.
name: Rosen, Philip E.
name: Fahy, Kristen A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Climate change is the long-term shift in global weather patterns, largely caused by anthropogenic activity of greenhouse gas emissions. Global climate temperatures have unmistakably risen and naturally occurring climate variability alone cannot account for this trend. Human activities are estimated to have caused about 1.0 degree C of global warming above the pre-industrial baseline and if left unchecked, will continue to drastically damage the Earth and its inhabitants. Globally, natural disasters and subsequent economic losses have become increasingly impactful because of climate change. Both wildlife ecosystems and human habitats have been negatively impacted, from rising sea levels to alarming frequency of severe weather events around the world. Attempts towards alleviating the effects of global warming have often been at odds and remain divided among a multitude of strategies, reducing the overall effectiveness of these efforts. It is evident that collaborative action is required for avoiding the most severe consequences of climate change. This paper evaluates the main strategies (industrial/energy, political, economic, agricultural, atmospheric, geological, coastal, and social) towards both mitigating and adapting to climate change. As well, it provides an optimal combination of seven solutions which can be implemented simultaneously, working in tandem to limit and otherwise accommodate the harmful effects of climate change. Previous legislation and deployment techniques are also discussed as guides for future endeavors.
title: Placement of Percutaneous Radiologic Gastrostomy (PRG) in Patients (Pz) affected by secondary malnutrition: does it really represent a second choice?
Creators: name: Torre, Federico
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Interventional non-vascular
subject: Gastrointestinal tract
subject: Stomach (incl. Oesophagus)
subject: Fluoroscopy
subject: Ultrasound
subject: CT
subject: Catheters
subject: Technical aspects
subject: Eating disorders
subject: Neoplasia

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Our objective is to evaluate our experience since April 2007 to...
Atomistic mechanisms of intermittent plasticity in metals: Dislocation avalanches and defect cluster pinning
Creators: name: Tomoaki, Niiyama
name: Tomotsugu, Shimokawa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Intermittent plastic deformation in crystals with power-law behaviors has been reported in previous experimental studies. The power-law behavior is reminiscent of self-organized criticality, and mesoscopic models have been proposed that describe this behavior in crystals. In this letter, we show that intermittent plasticity in metals under tensile deformation can be observed in molecular dynamics models, using embedded atom method potentials for Ni, Cu, and Al. Power-law behaviors of stress drop and waiting time of plastic deformation events are observed. It is shown that power-law behavior is due to dislocation avalanche motions in Cu and Ni. A different mechanism of dislocation pinning is found in Al. These different stress relaxation mechanisms give different power-law exponents. We propose a probabilistic model to describe the novel dislocation motion in Al, and analytically deduce the power-law behavior.
description: 6 pages with 4 figures
Estimation and inference in generalized additive coefficient models for nonlinear interactions with high-dimensional covariates
Creators: name: Ma, Shujie
name: Carroll, Raymond J.
name: Liang, Hua
name: Xu, Shizhong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In the low-dimensional case, the generalized additive coefficient model (GACM) proposed by Xue and Yang [Statist. Sinica 16 (2006) 1423-1446] has been demonstrated to be a powerful tool for studying nonlinear interaction effects of variables. In this paper, we propose estimation and inference procedures for the GACM when the dimension of the variables is high. Specifically, we propose a groupwise penalization based procedure to distinguish significant covariates for the "large $p$ small $n$" setting. The procedure is shown to be consistent for model structure identification. Further, we construct simultaneous confidence bands for the coefficient functions in the selected model based on a refined two-step spline estimator. We also discuss how to choose the tuning parameters. To estimate the standard deviation of the functional estimator, we adopt the smoothed bootstrap method. We conduct simulation experiments to evaluate the numerical performance of the proposed methods and analyze an obesity data set from a genome-wide association study as an illustration.
description: Published at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/15-AOS1344 in the Annals of Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aos/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Neighborhood Characteristics and Influenza Vaccination Rates in Medicare Beneficiaries Over Age 65 Years: A Study of North Carolina Residents
Creators: name: Bridgeford, Edward
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2003

description: In this study we aim to explore the relationship of potential community or neighborhood factors to influenza vaccination rates in North Carolina. We hypothesize that neighborhood characteristics - specifically income, wealth, education and employment - influence the vaccination rates of individual living within that community. This is the first study to examine such factors and how they relate to racial disparities in influenza vaccination. It is our aim to determine whether community characteristics are related to existing disparities. Such community or neighborhood factors are in part the sum of individual level factors of persons living in the community, however have meaning only at the population level. In this study we use socio-environmental indicators from census data to characterize neighborhoods and relate these to neighborhood influenza vaccination rates and examine the extent to which they are associated and provide insight into the underlying reasons for disparities in influenza vaccination rates between black and white populations.
Therapist Cultural Humility, Black LGB Identity Centrality, and Therapeutic Outcomes in Black LGB Adults.
Creators: name: Teran Hernandez, Manuel
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Counseling psychology
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: African American
subject: Black
subject: cultural humility
subject: LGB
subject: psychotherapy
subject: sexual minority

description: Black lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) adults experience discrimination at individual and institutional levels (Page et al., 2020) in part due to simultaneous experiences of anti-Black racism and heterosexism. Despite this, Black LGB adults continue to underutilize therapeutic services and also report high rates of premature termination from therapy (Garrett-Walker & Longmire-Avital, 2018). The current study advances the literature by investigating the association between therapist cultural humility, Black LGB centrality, and therapeutic outcomes among Black LGB adults. A sample of Black LGB adults (N = 157) participated in an online survey to respond to measures on demographic information, therapist cultural humility, centrality with their race x sexual orientation (Black LGB centrality), and therapeutic outcomes. Results showed that therapist cultural humility was a significant predictor of therapist satisfaction but not future utilization of counseling services while controlling for age and socioeconomic status among Black LGB adults. The analyses found that Black LGB centrality was not a significant moderator in the association between therapist cultural humility and therapist satisfaction, and only significant in the relation between future utilization of counseling services for participants who reported high levels of Black LGB centrality. Recommendations for future clinical practice and research efforts are provided.
Well-posedness and exact controllability of the mass balance equations for an extrusion process
Creators: name: Diagne, Mamadou
name: Shang, Peipei
name: Wang, Zhiqiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we study the well-posedness and exact controllability of a physical model for a food extrusion process in the isothermal case. The model expresses the mass balance in the extruder chamber and consists of a hyperbolic Partial Differential Equation (PDE) and a nonlinear Ordinary Differential Equation (ODE) whose dynamics describes the evolution of a moving interface. By suitable change of coordinates and fixed point arguments, we prove the existence, uniqueness and regularity of the solution, and finally the exact controllability of the coupled system.
description: 19pages, 3figures. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1404.3375
title: Use of the prospectively ECG triggered high pitch spiral CT protocol in the evaluation of known or suspected CAD: preliminary experience
Creators: name: Castiglione Morelli, Margherita
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: CT-Angiography
subject: CT
subject: Cardiovascular system
subject: Cardiac
subject: Arteries / Aorta
subject: Computer Applications-3D
subject: Arteriosclerosis

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: CT angiography is frequently used for the evaluation of low or intermediate risk patients and in the follow-up of stents and by-pass. Thanks to technological development, the radiation dose and the dose of contrast medium administered are becoming...
Analytic Kludge Waveforms for Extreme Mass Ratio Inspirals of Charged Object around Kerr-Newman Black Hole
Creators: name: Zi, Tieguang
name: Zhou, Ziqi
name: Wang, Hai-Tian
name: Li, Peng-Cheng
name: Zhang, Jian-dong
name: Chen, Bin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive the approximate, ``analytic-kludge'' (AK) waveforms for the inspiral of a charged stellar-mass compact object (CO) into a charged massive Kerr-Newman (KN) black hole (BH). The modifications of the inspiral orbit due to the charges in this system can be attributed to three sources: the electric force between the CO and the MBH, the energy flow of the dipole electromagnetic radiation, and the deformation of the metric caused by the charge of the MBH. All these are encoded explicitly in the fundamental frequencies of the orbits, which are calculated analytically in the weak-field regime. By calculating the mismatch between the waveforms for charged and neutral EMRI systems with respect to space-borne detectors TianQin and LISA, we show that tiny charges in the system can produce distinct imprints on the waveforms. Finally, we perform parameter estimation for the charges using the Fisher information matrix method and find that the precision can reach the level of $10^{-5}$ in suitable scenarios. We also study the effects of charges on the parameter estimation of charge, where the effects from the charge of the MBH can be well explained by its effects on the cutoff of the inspiral.
description: 15 pages, 7 figures, nb source is available, minor changes, to be published in PRD
Continuous Quality Improvement in Emergency Medical Services: A Proposal for a Comprehensive Model
Creators: name: Cabanas, Jose
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: After beginning in the manufacturing industry, continuous quality improvement (CQI) practices have evolved to unprecedented applications across numerous industries, especially the field of medicine. Emergency Medical Services (EMS) is considered a fundamental component of healthcare’s safety net because it provides medical treatment and transport for patients with illnesses and injuries 24 hours a day. In 2006, the IOM published a report entitled “Emergency Medical Services at the Crossroads” that identified critical vulnerabilities for the future of EMS systems in the United States. Quality improvement was one of those areas identified where EMS lacks clear standards. Measuring quality and implementing consistent CQI programs in EMS is challenging. Based on a review of the literature as well as my experiences in the field of out-of-hospital medicine, I propose a framework for EMS systems that is built on three interrelated dimensions of CQI while recommending a comprehensive approach that EMS medical directors can launch or use to in their EMS system. These include prospective, retrospective, and concurrent CQI practices that impact patient care. Prospective CQI should include activities that promote quality through continuing medical education, sharing clinical performance, and engaging in prevention activities. For retrospective CQI, clinical teams rely on patient care records to evaluate clinical management, decision making and identify potential adverse events. Concurrent CQI includes direct review of individual clinical concerns through a defined process. The overall goal is to have a modern EMS system that better serves the community, but most importantly, provides better patient care.
Post-Election Re-Interview Study
Creators: name: Gallup
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 1

description: Party best representing personal values(1); public officials treatment of people(3); crookedness of the people running for government(1); role of government(1); vote in election (1); reason for not voting(1); candidate voted for(1); final decision to vote(1); intention to vote for another candidate(2); results of presidential pre-election polls(6).
The Effects of Free Edge Interaction-Induced Knotting on the Buckling of Monolayer Graphene
Creators: name: Zhang, Hao-Yu
name: Jiang, Jin-Wu
name: Chang, Tienchong
name: Guo, Xingming
name: Park, Harold S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Edge effects play an important role for many properties of graphene. While most works have focused on the effects from isolated free edges, we present a novel knotting phenomenon induced by the interactions between a pair of free edges in graphene, and investigate its effect on the buckling of monolayer graphene. Upon compression, the buckling of graphene starts gradually in the form of two buckling waves from the warped edges. The collision of these two buckling waves results in the creation of a knot structure in graphene. The knot structure enables the buckled graphene to exhibit two unique post-buckling characteristics. First, it induces a five-fold increase in graphene's mechanical stiffness during the buckling process. Second, the knotted structure enables graphene to exhibit a mechanically stable post-buckling regime over a large (3%) compressive strain regime, which is significantly larger than the critical buckling strain of about 0.5%. The combination of these two effects enables graphene to exhibit an unexpected post-buckling stability that has previously not been reported. We predict that numerical simulations or experiments should observe two distinct stress strain relations for the buckling of identical graphene samples, due to the characteristic randomness in the formation process of the knot structure.
description: 16 figures
Genetically Modified Salmon in the United States: Does the Current Regulatory Paradigm Address all the Issues?
Creators: name: Lesko, Bonnie
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: If approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), the genetically modified salmon will be the first genetically engineered animal available for human consumption in the United States. The country relies on the Food and Drug Administration and other federal and state agencies to develop policies that consider unbiased evidence and expert policy development in the evaluation of food products. I propose that the current information available regarding the acceptance of genetically modified salmon as a human food is not yet adequate for approval, as evidenced by the number of related public health issues that still remain unresolved. A thorough review of the literature with a focus on the United States was conducted and various perspectives were analyzed. Sources included books, websites, journal publications, news sources, government documents and publications, legal perspectives and information from biotechnology (biotech) companies. Findings revealed that genetically modified food remains a controversial topic for public health, and includes environmental, health, and ethical issues. There is still much debate about the regulation and safety of these foods in general, and escalating concern with the possibility of the genetically engineered salmon being approved for entry into the food chain without data on the long term impacts on human health and the animal population. Improved processes regarding the regulatory and safety review of genetically modified foods are necessary to safeguard the public and environment. The FDA is mandated to protect public safety, and FDA policies must put the safety of the public before the wishes of biotech companies, until the assurance of long term safety can be GM Salmon Controversies in the US 3 improved. Therefore, improved regulation, including labeling of foods with genetically modified content, can protect consumers while allowing them to make informed personal choices.
Pew Research Center Poll: July 2010, Omnibus Week 3--Economy
Creators: name: Pew Research Center
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2010

description: Following certain news stories (6); story followed most closely (1); party to gain house majority (1); government priorities (2); stimulating economy/creating jobs (1); news about Gulf oil spill (1); press covering certain groups (5); government's policies helping certain groups (6); effect of stimulus package (4).