Savarna kaeo Huber & Petcharad & Bumrungsri 2015, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Huber, Bernhard A.
name: Petcharad, Booppa
name: Bumrungsri, Sara
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Pholcidae
Savarna
Savarna kaeo

description: Savarna kaeo sp. nov.
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:2F4E832E-5406-427A-B67F-C503EBBFB94D
Figs 2–4, 14–29, 36–37
Diagnosis
Easily distinguished from known congeners by morphology of male palp (shapes of procursus and bulbal process; Figs 14–15), and by female external and internal genitalia (epigynal plate more or less divided medially, without median process as in S. kraburiensis; Figs 17, 27–29). From S. miser and S. tessellata also distinguished by distinct black marks laterally on carapace (Figs 2–4).
Etymology
The species name is derived from the type locality; noun in apposition.
Material examined
Holotype
THAILAND: Ƌ, Prachuap Khiri Khan, Khao Sam Roi Yot National Park, Tham Kaeo (12°12.2’ N, 99°59.5’ E), 60 m a.s.l., in and around cave, 14 Mar. 2015, B.A. Huber & B. Petcharad leg., ZFMK (Ar 12983).
Paratypes
THAILAND: 7 ƋƋ, 17 ♀♀, same data as holotype, ZFMK (Ar 12984, 12985); 3 ƋƋ, 3 ♀♀, same data as holotype, PSUZC.
Other material
THAILAND: Prachuap Khiri Khan, Khao Sam Roi Yot National Park, Tham Kaeo, 3 ♀♀, 2 juvs, in pure ethanol, same data as holotype, ZFMK (Mal 372); 4 ƋƋ, 8 ♀♀, Tham Sai (12°10.78’ N, 100°00.44’ E), 80 m a.s.l., in and around cave, 14 Mar. 2015, B.A. Huber & B. Petcharad leg., ZFMK (Ar 12986, 12987); 4 ♀♀, 2 juvs, in pure ethanol, same data as preceding, in cave, ZFMK (Mal 370); 1 ♀, 2 juvs, in pure ethanol, same data as preceding, outside cave, ZFMK (Mal 371); 1 Ƌ, 1 ♀, near Tham Phraya Nakhon (12°12.0’ N, 100°00.8’ E), 40 m a.s.l., among rocks in forest near cave, 14 Mar. 2015, B.A. Huber & B. Petcharad leg., ZFMK (Ar 12988); 4 ƋƋ, 4 ♀♀, Khao Sam Roi Yot, among rocks and stones, 8 Dec. 1990, C.L. Deeleman-Reinhold leg., RMNH. – 4 ƋƋ, 3 ♀♀, Reclining Buddha Cave (11°51.84’ N, 99°49.40’ E), 70 m a.s.l., in cave, 13 Mar. 2015, B.A. Huber & B. Petcharad leg., ZFMK (Ar 12989, 12990); 2 ♀♀, in pure ethanol, same data as preceding, ZFMK (Mal 366).
Description
Male (holotype)
MEASUREMENTS. Total body length 2.7, carapace width 1.1. Leg 1: 24.1 (6.2 + 0.4 + 5.9 + 9.4 + 2.2), tibia 2: 3.7, tibia 3: 2.6, tibia 4: 3.6; tibia 1 L/d: 56. Distance PME-PME 200 µm, diameter PME 95 µm, distance PME-ALE 35 µm; AME absent.
COLOR. Carapace pale ochre, with wide dark lateral margins; ocular area and clypeus also dark brown; sternum black; legs light ochre, with darker rings on femora (subdistally) and tibiae (proximally); abdomen gray, with dark subcuticular marks lying above deeper white marks, with distinct ventral pattern consisting of three interconnected black marks.
BODY. Habitus as in Fig. 2; ocular area elevated, each triad on short hump directed toward lateral; carapace with deep median furrow (Fig. 19); clypeus with pair of rounded processes at rim provided with strong and long hairs (Figs 19–20); sternum wider than long (0.72/0.48), unmodiFed. Chelicerae as in Fig. 16, with pair of lateral processes directed slightly toward posterior; without stridulatory ridges. ALS as in female (cf. Fig. 24). Gonopore without epiandrous spigots (Fig. 26).
PALPS. As in Figs 14–15; coxa unmodiFed; trochanter with small dorsal process and distinctive ventral apophysis proximally attached to femur (Fig. 21); ventral side of femur apparently largely membranous; tarsal organ capsulate (Fig. 25); procursus distally complex (Figs 22–23), with distinctive membranous and sclerotized elements; bulb with large proximal sclerite, with single complex process apparently containing sperm duct (Figs 14, 22).
LEGS. With short spines in single ventral rows on femora 1–3 and tibiae 1–2 (femur 1: ~40 on distal half; femur 2: ~20 on distal half; femur 3: ~10 distally; tibia 1: ~80 over entire length; tibia 2: ~50 over entire length); with vertical hairs in higher than usual density on all tibiae (especially tibiae 2–4); without curved hairs; retrolateral trichobothrium on tibia 1 at 8%; prolateral trichobothrium absent on tibia 1, present on other tibiae; tarsal pseudosegments indistinct, only about 10 visible distally on tarsus 1.
Male (variation)
Numbers of spines on legs variable, femur 3 spines absent in most males; small males with fewer and thinner spines. Tibia 1 in 16 other males: 4.9–6.4 (mean 5.6).
Female
In general similar to male (Fig. 3); eye triads closer together (PME-PME distance: 140 µm); clypeus unmodiFed; legs without spines and with usual low number of vertical hairs. Tibia 1 in 24 females: 4.0–5.5 (mean 4.8). Epigynum slightly protruding toward posterior (Fig. 29), with wide transversal sclerotized plate with rounded humps laterally (Figs 17, 27–28), plate more or less divided medially (Figs 28, 36; variable even within localities); internal genitalia as in Figs 18 and 37. ALS with only two spigots each (Fig. 24).
Natural history
Spiders were found both inside caves (twilight zone) and outside caves if large rocks provided sufFcient shade (Tham Kaeo; Tham Phraya Nakhon). When disturbed, the spiders Frst vibrated, and then dropped to the ground, remaining motionless.
Distribution
Known from several localities in southern Thailand (Fig. 1).
description: Published as part of Huber, Bernhard A., Petcharad, Booppa & Bumrungsri, Sara, 2015, Revision of the enigmatic Southeast Asian spider genus Savarna (Araneae, Pholcidae), pp. 1-23 in European Journal of Taxonomy 160 on pages 5-8, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2015.160, http://zenodo.org/record/830786