cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of MR-TADF compounds as photocatalysts and their application in NHC/photoredox catalysis
Creators: name: Prentice, Callum
Publisher: name: The University of St Andrews
Year: 2023
Subjects: Photocatalysis
NHCs
Isothiourea
MR-TADF

description: This thesis concerns the study of TADF and MR-TADF compounds for use as photocatalysts, with a focus on their application in Lewis base/photoredox dual catalysis. Chapter 1 introduces the important concepts that are key to understanding both TADF photocatalysis and Lewis base catalysis as well as a literature survey of these areas of research. Chapter 2 describes the synthesis and investigation of a bifunctional material that contains distinct isothiourea (ITU) and TADF moieties. Disappointingly, when incorporated into the same molecule, the two components proved to be incompatible due to oxidation of the Lewis basic ITU. Further investigations into ITU/photoredox dual catalysis using distinct ITU catalysts and photocatalysts also pointed to an issue of incompatibility due to the low oxidation potential of ITU catalysts. However, subsequent investigations by others¹,² showed that this catalytic system can be utilised effectively if a suitable radical precursor is identified that can be oxidised more easily than the ITU catalyst. Chapter 3 investigates the benefits of using MR-TADF compounds DiKTa and Mes₃DiKTa as photocatalysts in a series of standard photocatalytic reactions using 4CzIPN as a benchmark for comparison. These reactions included reductive quenching reactions, oxidative quenching reactions, Dexter energy transfer (DET) reactions and dual catalytic reactions. Further comparisons were made through the analysis of the rates of reaction using the three different catalysts in a standard oxidative quenching reaction using an in-situ NMR technique. Chapter 4 applies the knowledge gained in chapter 3 to a new NHC/photoredox catalysed synthesis of 1,4-diketones via a three-component radical relay reaction. The optimized conditions combined aroyl fluorides, α-ketoacids and styrenes in the presence of DiKTa and an NHC catalyst. Subsequent investigation of the scope was achieved by varying the substituents of each starting material. A mechanism is proposed and supported through Stern-Volmer analysis. Chapter 5 explores the application of benzophenone as a DET photocatalyst in the key [2+2] photochemical cycloaddition step in the synthesis of dimethyl cubane-1,4-dicarboxylate. This allowed for the use of significantly lower energy light (λexc = 390 nm) than previously reported (λexc = 311 nm).³
description: References 1. R. del Río-Rodríguez, M. T. Westwood, M. Sicignano, M. Juhl, J. A. Fernández-Salas, J. Alemán and A. D. Smith, Chem. Commun., 2022, 58, 7277–7280. 2. W. C. Hartley, F. Schiel, E. Ermini and P. Melchiorre, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 2022, 61, e202204735. 3. D. E. Collin, E. H. Jackman, N. Jouandon, W. Sun, M. E. Light, D. C. Harrowven and B. Linclau, Synthesis, 2021, 53, 1307–1314.
Glaubwürdigkeit und Unglaubwürdigkeit in der modernen religiösen Kunst
Creators: name: Snooks, Nancy
Publisher: name: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio
Year: 2022

description: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Bd. 4 Nr. 6 (1975): Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Band 4, Heft 6
Expression Profiling of Cytokinin Action in Arabidopsis
Creators: name: Rashotte, A. M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2003

description: The phytohormone cytokinin is an important regulator of plant growth and development; however, relatively few genes that mediate cytokinin responses have been identified. Genome-wide analyses of Arabidopsis seedlings using the approximately 8,300-element Affymetrix Arabidopsis GeneChips (Affymetrix, Santa Clara, CA) to examine cytokinin-responsive genes were conducted, revealing at least 30 genes whose steady-state level of mRNA was elevated and at least 40 that were down-regulated at multiple time points after application of cytokinin. The cytokinin up-regulated genes include the type-A Arabidopsis response regulators (ARRs), which had been shown previously to be cytokinin primary response genes, cytokinin oxidase, which encodes an enzyme that degrades cytokinins, and several transcription factors. Cytokinin down-regulated genes include several peroxidases and kinases and an E3 ubiquitin ligase. We identified a common sequence motif enriched in the upstream regions of the most consistently cytokinin up-regulated genes. This motif is highly similar to the optimal DNA-binding sites for ARR1/ARR2, type-B ARRs that have been implicated in the transcriptional elevation of the type-A ARRs. Additionally, genome-wide analyses of cytokinin receptor mutants (wol/cre1) revealed large-scale changes in gene expression, including down-regulation of the type-A ARRs and several meristem and cell cycle genes, such as CycD3. Mutations in CRE1 reduced but did not eliminate the effect of cytokinin on gene expression for a subset of cytokinin-responsive genes and had little or no effect on others, suggesting functional redundancy among the cytokinin receptors.
Perinatal stress and methylation of the NR3C1 gene in newborns: systematic review
Creators: name: Chalfun, Georgia
name: Reis, Marcelo Martins
name: de Oliveira, Mariana Barros Genuíno
name: de Araújo Brasil, Aline
name: dos Santos Salú, Margarida
name: da Cunha, Antônio José Ledo Alves
name: Prata-Barbosa, Arnaldo
name: de Magalhães-Barbosa, Maria Clara
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Adverse experiences in the perinatal period have been associated with the methylation of the human glucocorticoid receptor gene (NR3C1) and long-term diseases. We conducted a systematic review on the association between adversities in the perinatal period and DNA methylation in the 1 F region of the NR3C1 gene in newborns. We explored the MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopus, Scielo, and Lilacs databases without time or language limitations. Two independent reviewers performed the selection of articles and data extraction. A third participated in the methodological quality assessment and consensus meetings at all stages. Finally, ten studies were selected. Methodological quality was considered moderate in six and low in four. Methylation changes were reported in 41 of the 47 CpG sites of exon 1 F. Six studies addressed maternal conditions during pregnancy: two reported methylation changes at the same sites (CpG 10, 13, 20, 21 and 47), and four at one or more sites from CpG 35 to 39. Four studies addressed neonatal parameters and morbidities: methylation changes at the same sites 4, 8, 10, 16, 25, and 35 were reported in two. Hypermethylation associated with stressful conditions prevailed. Hypomethylation was more often associated with protective conditions (maternal-foetal attachment during pregnancy, breast milk intake, higher birth weight or Apgar). In conclusion, methylation changes in several sites of the 1 F region of the NR3C1 gene in newborns and very young infants were associated with perinatal stress, but more robust and comparable results are needed to corroborate site-specific associations.
Identification and Characterization of Aluminum Tolerance Loci in Arabidopsis (Landsberg erecta x Columbia) by Quantitative Trait Locus Mapping. A Physiologically Simple But Genetically Complex Trait
Creators: name: Hoekenga, O. A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2003

description: Aluminum (Al) toxicity, which is caused by the solubilization of Al3+ in acid soils resulting in inhibition of root growth and nutrient/water acquisition, is a serious limitation to crop production, because up to one-half of the world's potentially arable land is acidic. To date, however, no Al tolerance genes have yet been cloned. The physiological mechanisms of tolerance are somewhat better understood; the major documented mechanism involves the Al-activated release of Al-binding organic acids from the root tip, preventing uptake into the primary site of toxicity. In this study, a quantitative trait loci analysis of Al tolerance in Arabidopsis was conducted, which also correlated Al tolerance quantitative trait locus (QTL) with physiological mechanisms of tolerance. The analysis identified two major loci, which explain approximately 40% of the variance in Al tolerance observed among recombinant inbred lines derived from Landsberg erecta (sensitive) and Columbia (tolerant). We characterized the mechanism by which tolerance is achieved, and we found that the two QTL cosegregate with an Al-activated release of malate from Arabidopsis roots. Although only two of the QTL have been identified, malate release explains nearly all (95%) of the variation in Al tolerance in this population. Al tolerance in Landsberg erecta × Columbia is more complex genetically than physiologically, in that a number of genes underlie a single physiological mechanism involving root malate release. These findings have set the stage for the subsequent cloning of the genes responsible for the Al tolerance QTL, and a genomics-based cloning strategy and initial progress on this are also discussed.
Additional file 1: of Are personnel with a past history of mental disorders disproportionately vulnerable to the effects of deployment-related trauma? A cross-sectional study of Canadian military personnel
Creators: name: Beliveau, Peter
name: Sampasa-Kanyinga, Hugues
name: Colman, Ian
name: Zamorski, Mark
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Marine Biology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Table S1. Associations between deployment-related traumatic events and past 12-month depression in Canadian Armed Forces personnel. (DOCX 21 kb)
Identification of Arabidopsis rat Mutants
Creators: name: Zhu, Y.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2003

description: Limited knowledge currently exists regarding the roles of plant genes and proteins in the Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation process. To understand the host contribution to transformation, we carried out root-based transformation assays to identify Arabidopsis mutants that are resistant to Agrobacterium transformation (rat mutants). To date, we have identified 126 rat mutants by screening libraries of T-DNA insertion mutants and by using various “reverse genetic” approaches. These mutants disrupt expression of genes of numerous categories, including chromatin structural and remodeling genes, and genes encoding proteins implicated in nuclear targeting, cell wall structure and metabolism, cytoskeleton structure and function, and signal transduction. Here, we present an update on the identification and characterization of these rat mutants.
The noncommutative infinitesimal equivariant index formula: part II
Creators: name: Wang, Yong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: K-Theory and Homology (math.KT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we prove that infinitesimal equivariant Chern-Connes characters are well-defined. We decompose an equivariant index as a pairing of infinitesimal equivariant Chern-Connes characters with the Chern character of an idempotent matrix. We compute the limit of infinitesimal equivariant Chern- Connes characters when the time goes to zero by using the Getzler symbol calculus and then extend these theorems to the family case. We also prove that infinitesimal equivariant eta cochains are well-defined and prove the noncommutative infinitesimal equivariant index formula for manifolds with boundary.
description: 24 pages, final version, to appear in Journal of noncommutative geometry
Transport properties of hadronic matter in magnetic field
Creators: name: Kadam, Guru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effect of magnetic field on the transport properties like shear and bulk viscosities of hot and dense hadronic matter within hadron resonance gas model. We estimate the bulk viscosity using low energy theorems for bilocal correlators of the energy momentum tensor generalized to finite temperature, density and magnetic field. We use Gaussian ansatz for the spectral function at low frequency. We estimate shear viscosity coefficient using molecular kinetic theory. We find that vacuum contribution due to finite magnetic field dominates the bulk viscosity (ζ) for the temperatures up to 0.1GeV and increases with magnetic field while ratio ζ/s decreases with magnetic field. We also find that shear viscosity coefficient of hadronic matter decreases with magnetic field.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
Perinatal stress and methylation of the NR3C1 gene in newborns: Systematic Review
Creators: name: Chalfun, Georgia
name: Reis, Marcelo Martins
name: de Oliveira, Mariana Barros Genuíno
name: de Araújo Brasil, Aline
name: Salú, Margarida dos Santos
name: da Cunha, Antônio José Ledo Alves
name: Prata-Barbosa, Arnaldo
name: de Magalhães-Barbosa, Maria Clara
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Adverse experiences in the perinatal period have been associated with the methylation of the human glucocorticoid receptor gene (NR3C1) and long-term diseases. We conducted a systematic review on the association between adversities in the perinatal period and DNA methylation in the 1F region of the NR3C1 gene in newborns. We explored the MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopus, Scielo, and Lilacs databases without time or language limitations. Two independent reviewers performed the selection of articles and data extraction. A third participated in the methodological quality assessment and consensus meetings at all stages. Finally, ten studies were selected. Methodological quality was considered moderate in six and low in four. Methylation changes were reported in 41 of the 47 CpG sites of exon 1F. Six studies addressed maternal conditions during pregnancy: two reported methylation changes at the same sites (CpG 10, 13, 20, 21 and 47), and four at one or more sites from CpG 35 to 39. Four studies addressed neonatal parameters and morbidities: methylation changes at the same sites 4, 8, 10, 16, 25, and 35 were reported in two. Hypermethylation associated with stressful conditions prevailed. Hypomethylation was more often associated with protective conditions (maternal-fetal attachment during pregnancy, breast milk intake, higher birth weight or Apgar). In conclusion, methylation changes in several sites of the 1F region of the NR3C1 gene in newborns and very young infants were associated with perinatal stress, but more robust and comparable results are needed to corroborate site-specific associations.
Effective Critical Electric Field for Runaway-Electron Generation
Creators: name: Stahl, Adam
name: Hirvijoki, Eero
name: Decker, Joan
name: Embréus, Ola
name: Fülöp, Tünde
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this Letter we investigate factors that influence the effective critical electric field for runaway-electron generation in plasmas. We present numerical solutions of the kinetic equation and discuss the implications for the threshold electric field. We show that the effective electric field necessary for significant runaway-electron formation often is higher than previously calculated due to both (1) extremely strong dependence of primary generation on temperature, and (2) synchrotron radiation losses. We also address the effective critical field in the context of a transition from runaway growth to decay. We find agreement with recent experiments, but show that the observation of an elevated effective critical field can mainly be attributed to changes in the momentum-space distribution of runaways, and only to a lesser extent to a de facto change in the critical field.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Contrasting Modes of Diversification in the Aux/IAA and ARF Gene Families
Creators: name: Remington, D. L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2004

description: The complete genomic sequence for Arabidopsis provides the opportunity to combine phylogenetic and genomic approaches to study the evolution of gene families in plants. The Aux/IAA and ARF gene families, consisting of 29 and 23 loci in Arabidopsis, respectively, encode proteins that interact to mediate auxin responses and regulate various aspects of plant morphological development. We developed scenarios for the genomic proliferation of the Aux/IAA and ARF families by combining phylogenetic analysis with information on the relationship between each locus and the previously identified duplicated genomic segments in Arabidopsis. This analysis shows that both gene families date back at least to the origin of land plants and that the major Aux/IAA and ARF lineages originated before the monocot-eudicot divergence. We found that the extant Aux/IAA loci arose primarily through segmental duplication events, in sharp contrast to the ARF family and to the general pattern of gene family proliferation in Arabidopsis. Possible explanations for the unusual mode of Aux/IAA duplication include evolutionary constraints imposed by complex interactions among proteins and pathways, or the presence of long-distance cis-regulatory sequences. The antiquity of the two gene families and the unusual mode of Aux/IAA diversification have a number of potential implications for understanding both the functional and evolutionary roles of these genes.
Local Aspects of Hydrogen-Induced Metallization of the ZnO(10$\mathbf{\overline{1}}$0) Surface
Creators: name: Deinert, J. -C.
name: Hofmann, O. T.
name: Meyer, M.
name: Rinke, P.
name: Stähler, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This study combines surface-sensitive photoemission experiments with density functional theory (DFT) to give a microscopic description of H adsorption-induced modifications of the ZnO(10${\overline{1}}$0) surface electronic structure. We find a complex adsorption behavior caused by a strong coverage dependence of the H adsorption energies: Initially, O--H bond formation is energetically favorable and H acting as an electron donor leads to the formation of a charge accumulation layer and to surface metallization. The increase of the number of O--H bonds leads to a reversal in adsorption energies such that Zn--H bonds become favored at sites close to existing O--H bonds, which results in a gradual extenuation of the metallization. The corresponding surface potential changes are localized within a few nanometers both laterally and normal to the surface. This localized character is experimentally corroborated by using sub-surface bound excitons at the ZnO(10${\overline{1}}$0) surface as a local probe. The pronounced and comparably localized effect of small amounts of hydrogen at this surface strongly suggests metallic character of ZnO surfaces under technologically relevant conditions and may, thus, be of high importance for energy level alignment at ZnO-based junctions in general.
On the interior motive of certain Shimura varieties: the case of Picard surfaces
Creators: name: Wildeshaus, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: K-Theory and Homology (math.KT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14G35, 11F32, 11F55, 14C25, 14F25, 19E15, 19F27

description: The purpose of this article is to construct a Hecke-equivariant Chow motive whose realizations equal interior (or intersection) cohomology of Picard surfaces with regular algebraic coefficients. As a consequence, we are able to define Grothendieck motives for Picard modular forms.
description: 34 pages; accepted for publication in manuscripta mathematica. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:0906.4239
LHC Run-I constraint on the mass of doubly charged Higgs bosons in the same-sign diboson decay scenario
Creators: name: Kanemura, Shinya
name: Kikuchi, Mariko
name: Yagyu, Kei
name: Yokoya, Hiroshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this Letter, we study the latest bound on the mass of doubly charged Higgs bosons, $H^{\pm\pm}$, assuming that they dominantly decay into a diboson. The new bound is obtained by comparing the inclusive searches for events with a same-sign dilepton by the ATLAS Collaboration using the latest 20.3 fb$^{-1}$ data at the LHC 8 TeV run with theoretical prediction based on the Higgs triplet model with next-to-leading order QCD corrections. We find that the lower mass bound on $H^{\pm\pm}$ is about 84 GeV.
description: 4 pages, 1 figures; minor modifications
Additional file 2: of Are personnel with a past history of mental disorders disproportionately vulnerable to the effects of deployment-related trauma? A cross-sectional study of Canadian military personnel
Creators: name: Beliveau, Peter
name: Sampasa-Kanyinga, Hugues
name: Colman, Ian
name: Zamorski, Mark
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Marine Biology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Table S2. Associations between deployment-related traumatic events and past 12-month PTSD in Canadian Armed Forces personnel. (DOCX 21 kb)
Deletion of the Chloroplast-Localized Thylakoid Formation1 Gene Product in Arabidopsis Leads to Deficient Thylakoid Formation and Variegated Leaves
Creators: name: Wang, Q.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2004

description: Development of thylakoid membranes depends upon the transport of membrane vesicles from the chloroplast inner envelope and subsequent fusion of vesicles within the interior of the plastid. The Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) Thylakoid formation1 (Thf1) gene product is shown here to control an important step required for the normal organization of these vesicles into mature thylakoid stacks and ultimately for leaf development. The Arabidopsis Thf1 gene encodes an imported chloroplast protein, as shown by in vitro import and localization of a Thf1-green fluorescent protein fusion product in transgenic plants. This gene is conserved in oxygenic photoautotrophs ranging from cyanobacteria to flowering land plants. Transcript levels for Thf1 are induced in the light and decrease under dark conditions, paralleling profiles of light-regulated nuclear genes involved in chloroplast function. Disruption of the Thf1 gene via T-DNA insertion results in plants that are severely stunted with variegated leaf patterns. Nongreen sectors of variegated leaves lacking Thf1 expression contain plastids that accumulate membrane vesicles on the interior and lack organized thylakoid structures. Green sectors of Thf1-disrupted leaves contain some chloroplasts that form organized thylakoid membranes, indicating that an inefficient compensatory mechanism supports thylakoid formation in the absence of Thf1. Genetic complementation of a Thf1 knockout line confirms the role of this gene in chloroplast and leaf development. Transgenic plants expressing the Thf1 gene in antisense orientation are stunted with altered thylakoid organization, especially in young seedlings. The data indicate that the Thf1 gene product plays a crucial role in a dynamic process of vesicle-mediated thylakoid membrane biogenesis.
Edge states in graphene-like systems
Creators: name: Lado, J. L.
name: Garcia-Martinez, N.
name: Fernandez-Rossier, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The edges of graphene and graphene like systems can host localized states with evanescent wave function with properties radically different from those of the Dirac electrons in bulk. This happens in a variety of situations, that are reviewed here. First, zigzag edges host a set of localized non dispersive state at the Dirac energy. At half filling, it is expected that these states are prone to ferromagnetic instability, causing a very interesting type of edge ferromagnetism. Second, graphene under the influence of external perturbations can host a variety of topological insulating phases, including the conventional Quantum Hall effect, the Quantum Anomalous Hall (QAH) and the Quantum Spin Hall phase, in all of which phases conduction can only take place through topologically protected edge states. Here we provide an unified vision of the properties of all these edge states, examined under the light of the same one orbital tight-binding model. We consider the combined action of interactions, spin orbit coupling and magnetic field, which produces a wealth of different physical phenomena. We briefly address what has been actually observed experimentally.
description: Review, 16 pages, 7 figures
Urban-rural differences in tobacco product availability in food retailers, United States, 2017
Creators: name: Baggett, C.D.
name: Golden, S.D.
name: Kong, A.Y.
name: Delamater, P.L.
name: Reimold, A.E.
Publisher: name: John Wiley and Sons Inc
Year: 2023

description: Purpose: Tobacco use prevalence is higher in rural compared to urban settings, possibly due to differences in tobacco availability, including the option to purchase food and other essential items in stores that do not sell tobacco (tobacco-free food retailers). The goal of this research is to determine whether tobacco-free food retailer availability varies by urbanicity/rurality. Methods: Using the 2017 National Establishment Time-Series database, we identified food retailers across all census tracts containing food retailers in the United States (n = 66,053). We used multivariable logistic and linear regression models to test whether tobacco-free food retailer availability varied across 4-levels of census tract urbanicity/rurality (urban, suburban, large town, and small town/rural) for 2 outcomes: (1) the presence of at least 1 tobacco-free food retailer and (2) the percent of all food retailers that were tobacco-free. Findings: Compared to urban core census tracts, suburban census tracts had a lower odds (aOR = 0.77, 95% CI = 0.73, 0.81) of having at least 1 tobacco-free food retailer, while small town/rural census tracts had greater odds (aOR = 1.23, 95% CI = 1.15, 1.32). Suburban census tracts (B = –2.29, P <.001) and large town census tracts (B = –1.90, P <.001) also had a lower percentage of tobacco-free food retailers compared to urban census tracts. Conclusions: Compared to urban cores, tobacco-free food retailers were less prevalent in suburban and large town areas, though similarly or slightly more available in rural areas. Future research should assess whether these differences depend on varying store types.
GCR1 Can Act Independently of Heterotrimeric G-Protein in Response to Brassinosteroids and Gibberellins in Arabidopsis Seed Germination
Creators: name: Chen, J.-G.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2004

description: Signal recognition by seven-transmembrane (7TM) cell-surface receptors is typically coupled by heterotrimeric G-proteins to downstream effectors in metazoan, fungal, and amoeboid cells. Some responses perceived by 7TM receptors in amoeboid cells and possibly in human cells can initiate downstream action independently of heterotrimeric G-proteins. Plants use heterotrimeric G-protein signaling in the regulation of growth and development, particularly in hormonal control of seed germination, but it is not yet clear which of these responses utilize a 7TM receptor. Arabidopsis GCR1 has a predicted 7TM-spanning domain and other features characteristic of 7TM receptors. Loss-of-function gcr1 mutants indicate that GCR1 plays a positive role in gibberellin- (GA) and brassinosteroid- (BR) regulated seed germination. The null mutants of GCR1 are less sensitive to GA and BR in seed germination. This phenotype is similar to that previously observed for transcript null mutants in the Gα-subunit, gpa1. However, the reduced sensitivities toward GA and BR in the single gcr1, gpa1, and agb1 (heterotrimeric G-protein β-subunit) mutants are additive or synergistic in the double and triple mutants. Thus, GCR1, unlike a typical 7TM receptor, apparently acts independently of the heterotrimeric G-protein in at least some aspects of seed germination, suggesting that this alternative mode of 7TM receptor action also functions in the plant kingdom.
Additional file 3: of ChiCMaxima: a robust and simple pipeline for detection and visualization of chromatin looping in Capture Hi-C
Creators: name: Zouari, Yousra Ben
name: Molitor, Anne
name: Sikorska, Natalia
name: Pancaldi, Vera
name: Sexton, Tom
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Optimizing ChiCMaxima parameters. (PDF 274 kb)
Anmerkungen zu Ivan Illichs »Die Enteignung der Gesundheit«
Creators: name: Puder, Horst
Publisher: name: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio
Year: 2022

description: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Bd. 4 Nr. 5 (1975): Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Band 4, Heft 5
Mott transition in the triangular lattice Hubbard model: a dynamical cluster approximation study
Creators: name: Dang, Hung T.
name: Xu, Xiao Yan
name: Chen, Kuang-Shing
name: Meng, Zi Yang
name: Wessel, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on dynamical cluster approximation (DCA) quantum Monte Carlo simulations, we study the interaction-driven Mott metal-insulator transition (MIT) in the half-filled Hubbard model on the anisotropic two-dimensional triangular lattice, where the degree of frustration is varied between the unfrustrated case and the fully frustrated, isotropic triangular lattice. Upon increasing the DCA cluster size, we analyze the evolution of the MIT phase boundary as a function of frustration in the phase diagram spanned by the interaction strength and temperature, and provide a quantitative description of the MIT phase boundary in the triangular lattice Hubbard model. Qualitative differences in the phase boundary between the unfrustrated and fully frustrated cases are exhibited. In particular, a change in the sign of the phase boundary slope is observed, which via an impurity cluster eigenstate analysis, may be related to a change in the nature of the insulating state. We discuss our findings within the scenario that the triangular lattice electron system might exhibit a quantum critical Mott MIT with a possible quantum spin liquid insulating state, such as considered for the organic charge transfer salts $κ$-(BEDT-TTF)$_{2}$Cu$_{2}$(CN)$_{3}$ and EtMe$_{3}$Sb[Pd(dmit)$_{2}$]$_{2}$.
Gene Expression Signatures from Three Genetically Separable Resistance Gene Signaling Pathways for Downy Mildew Resistance
Creators: name: Eulgem, T.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2004

description: Resistance gene-dependent disease resistance to pathogenic microorganisms is mediated by genetically separable regulatory pathways. Using the GeneChip Arabidopsis genome array, we compared the expression profiles of approximately 8,000 Arabidopsis genes following activation of three RPP genes directed against the pathogenic oomycete Peronospora parasitica. Judicious choice of P. parasitica isolates and loss of resistance plant mutants allowed us to compare the responses controlled by three genetically distinct resistance gene-mediated signaling pathways. We found that all three pathways can converge, leading to up-regulation of common sets of target genes. At least two temporal patterns of gene activation are triggered by two of the pathways examined. Many genes defined by their early and transient increases in expression encode proteins that execute defense biochemistry, while genes exhibiting a sustained or delayed expression increase predominantly encode putative signaling proteins. Previously defined and novel sequence motifs were found to be enriched in the promoters of genes coregulated by the local defense-signaling network. These putative promoter elements may operate downstream from signal convergence points.
Additional file 4: of Are personnel with a past history of mental disorders disproportionately vulnerable to the effects of deployment-related trauma? A cross-sectional study of Canadian military personnel
Creators: name: Beliveau, Peter
name: Sampasa-Kanyinga, Hugues
name: Colman, Ian
name: Zamorski, Mark
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Table S4. Corresponding margins for Fig. 2 showing effect modification by pre-deployment history of PTSD on the relationship between deployment-related traumatic events and past 12-month PTSD stratified by past 12-month depression among Canadian Armed Forces personnel deployed only once in support of the mission in Afghanistan. (DOCX 16 kb)
Type-B Response Regulators Display Overlapping Expression Patterns in Arabidopsis
Creators: name: Mason, M. G.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2004

description: Two-component signaling systems, involving His kinases, His-containing phosphotransfer proteins, and response regulators, have been implicated in plant responses to hormones and environmental factors. Genomic analysis of Arabidopsis supports the existence of 22 response regulators (ARRs) that can be divided into at least two distinct groups designated type-A and type-B. Phylogenetic analysis indicates that the type-B family is composed of one major and two minor subfamilies. The expression of the type-B ARRs was examined by using both reverse transcription-PCR and β-glucuronidase fusion constructs. The major subfamily of type-B ARRs showed particularly high expression in regions where cytokinins play a significant role, including cells in the apical meristem region and in young leaves that would be undergoing cell division. Multiple members within this same subfamily of type-B ARRs were expressed near the root tip with highest expression in the root elongation zone. β-Glucuronidase-fusions to full-length ARR2, ARR12, and ARR19 were nuclear localized, consistent with a role in transcriptional regulation. These data suggest that differing expression levels of the type-B ARRs may play a role in modulating the cellular responses to cytokinin.
Multipartite quantum correlations and local recoverability
Creators: name: Wilde, Mark M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Characterizing genuine multipartite quantum correlations in quantum physical systems has historically been a challenging problem in quantum information theory. More recently however, the total correlation or multipartite information measure has been helpful in accomplishing this goal, especially with the multipartite symmetric quantum (MSQ) discord [Piani et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 100, 090502, 2008] and the conditional entanglement of multipartite information (CEMI) [Yang et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 101, 140501, 2008]. Here we apply a recent and significant improvement of strong subadditivity of quantum entropy [Fawzi and Renner, arXiv:1410.0664] in order to develop these quantities further. In particular, we prove that the MSQ discord is nearly equal to zero if and only if the multipartite state for which it is evaluated is approximately locally recoverable after performing measurements on each of its systems. Furthermore, we prove that the CEMI is a faithful entanglement measure, i.e., it vanishes if and only if the multipartite state for which it is evaluated is a fully separable state. Along the way we provide an operational interpretation of the MSQ discord in terms of the partial state distribution protocol, which in turn, as a special case, gives an interpretation for the original discord quantity. Finally, we prove an inequality that could potentially improve upon the Fawzi-Renner inequality in the multipartite context, but it remains an open question to determine whether this is so.
description: 25 pages, 1 figure; v2: minor changes; v3: minor corrections and improvements
Extremely large magnetoresistance and ultrahigh mobility in the topological Weyl semimetal NbP
Creators: name: Shekhar, Chandra
name: Nayak, Ajaya K.
name: Sun, Yan
name: Schmidt, Marcus
name: Nicklas, Michael
name: Leermakers, Inge
name: Zeitler, Uli
name: Liu, Zhongkai
name: Chen, Yulin
name: Schnelle, Walter
name: Grin, Juri
name: Felser, Claudia
name: Yan, Binghai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent experiments have revealed spectacular transport properties of conceptually simple semimetals. For example, normal semimetals (e.g. WTe$_2$) have started a new trend to realize a large magnetoresistance, which is the change of electrical resistance by an external magnetic field. Weyl semimetal (WSM) is a topological semimetal with massless relativistic electrons as the three-dimensional analogue of graphene and promises exotic transport properties and surface states, which are different from those of the famous topological insulators (TIs). In this letter, we choose to utilize NbP in magneto-transport experiments because its band structure is on assembly of a WSM and a normal semimetal. Such a combination in NbP indeed leads to the observation of remarkable transport properties, an extremely large magnetoresistance of 850,000 % at 1.85 K (250 % at room temperature) in a magnetic field of 9 T without any signs of saturation, and ultrahigh carrier mobility of 5$\times$10$^6$ cm$^2$ V$^{-1}$ s$^{-1}$ accompanied by strong Shubnikov-de Hass (SdH) oscillations. NbP presents a unique example to consequent design the functionality of materials by combining the topological and conventional phases.
description: 18 pages, 4 figures, Nature Physics, online (2015)
PORAXO'RLIK JINOYATLARINING SUB'EKTIV BELGILARI
Creators: name: Ro'zimov, Zafar
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Mazkur maqolada muallif poraxo'rlik jinoyatlarining sub'ektiv belgilarining o'ziga xos jihatlariga to'xtalib o'tgan. Bundan tashqari, muallif maqolada O'zbekiston Respublikasi Oliy sudi Plenumining "Poraxo'rlik ishlari bo'yicha sud amaliyoti to'g'risida"gi qarorini ham sharxlagan.
Electroweakly-Interacting Dirac Dark Matter
Creators: name: Nagata, Natsumi
name: Shirai, Satoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a class of fermionic dark matter candidates that are charged under both the SU(2)$_L$ and U(1)$_Y$ gauge interactions. In this case a certain amount of dark matter-Higgs couplings, which can split the dark matter into a pair of Majorana fermions, should be present to evade the constraints from the dark matter direct detection experiments. These effects may be probed by means of the dark matter-nucleus scattering via the Higgs-boson exchange process, as well as the electric dipole moments induced by the dark matter and its SU(2)$_L$ partner fields. In this article, we evaluate them with an effective field approach. It turns out that the constraints coming from the experiments for the quantities have already restricted the dark matter with hypercharge $Y\geq 3/2$. Future experiments have sensitivities to probe this class of dark matter candidates, and may disfavor the $Y\geq 1$ cases if no signal is observed. In this case, only the $Y=0$ and $1/2$ cases may be the remaining possibilities for the SU(2)$_L$ charged fermionic dark matter candidates.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Fertility Preservation and Financial Hardship among Adolescent and Young Adult Women with Cancer
Creators: name: Moy, L.M.
name: Nichols, H.B.
name: Meernik, C.
name: Engel, S.M.
name: Baggett, C.D.
name: Kushi, L.H.
name: Mersereau, J.E.
name: Peavey, M.
name: Chao, C.R.
name: Cannizzaro, N.T.
Publisher: name: American Association for Cancer Research Inc.
Year: 2022

description: Background: Financial hardship among adolescents and young adults (AYA) with cancer who receive gonadotoxic treatments may be exacerbated by the use of fertility services. This study examined whether AYA women with cancer who used fertility preservation had increased financial hardship. Methods: AYA women with cancer in North Carolina and California completed a survey in 2018–2019. Cancer-related financial hardship was compared between women who cryopreserved oocytes or embryos for fertility preservation after cancer diagnosis (n ¼ 65) and women who received gonadotoxic treatment and reported discussing fertility with their provider, but did not use fertility preservation (n ¼ 491). Multivariable log-binomial regression was used to estimate prevalence ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results: Women were a median age of 33 years at diagnosis and 7 years from diagnosis at the time of survey. Women who used fertility preservation were primarily ages 25 to 34 years at diagnosis (65%), non-Hispanic White (72%), and had at least a Bachelor’s degree (85%). In adjusted analysis, use of fertility preservation was associated with 1.50 times the prevalence of material financial hardship (95% CI: 1.08–2.09). The magnitude of hardship was also substantially higher among women who used fertility preservation: 12% reported debt of ≥$25,000 versus 5% in the referent group. Conclusions: This study provides new evidence that cryopreserving oocytes or embryos after cancer diagnosis for future family building is associated with increased financial vulnerability. Impact: More legislation that mandates insurance coverage to mitigate hardships stemming from iatrogenic infertility could improve access to fertility preservation for young women with cancer.
Chlorophyll Breakdown in Senescent Arabidopsis Leaves. Characterization of Chlorophyll Catabolites and of Chlorophyll Catabolic Enzymes Involved in the Degreening Reaction
Creators: name: Pruzinska, A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2005

description: During senescence, chlorophyll (chl) is metabolized to colorless nonfluorescent chl catabolites (NCCs). A central reaction of the breakdown pathway is the ring cleavage of pheophorbide (pheide) a to a primary fluorescent chl catabolite. Two enzymes catalyze this reaction, pheide a oxygenase (PAO) and red chl catabolite reductase. Five NCCs and three fluorescent chl catabolites (FCCs) accumulated during dark-induced chl breakdown in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). Three of these NCCs and one FCC (primary fluorescent chl catabolite-1) were identical to known catabolites from canola (Brassica napus). The presence in Arabidopsis of two modified FCCs supports the hypothesis that modifications, as present in NCCs, occur at the level of FCC. Chl degradation in Arabidopsis correlated with the accumulation of FCCs and NCCs, as well as with an increase in PAO activity. This increase was due to an up-regulation of Pao gene expression. In contrast, red chl catabolite reductase is not regulated during leaf development and senescence. A pao1 knockout mutant was identified and analyzed. The mutant showed an age- and light-dependent cell death phenotype on leaves and in flowers caused by the accumulation of photoreactive pheide a. In the dark, pao1 exhibited a stay-green phenotype. The key role of PAO in chl breakdown is discussed.
Compaction and Quenching of High-z Galaxies in Cosmological Simulations: Blue and Red Nuggets
Creators: name: Zolotov, Adi
name: Dekel, Avishai
name: Mandelker, Nir
name: Tweed, Dylan
name: Inoue, Shigeki
name: DeGraf, Colin
name: Ceverino, Daniel
name: Primack, Joel
name: Barro, Guillermo
name: Faber, Sandra M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use cosmological simulations to study a characteristic evolution pattern of high redshift galaxies. Early, stream-fed, highly perturbed, gas-rich discs undergo phases of dissipative contraction into compact, star-forming systems (blue nuggets) at z~4-2. The peak of gas compaction marks the onset of central gas depletion and inside-out quenching into compact ellipticals (red nuggets) by z~2. These are sometimes surrounded by gas rings or grow extended dry stellar envelopes. The compaction occurs at a roughly constant specific star-formation rate (SFR), and the quenching occurs at a constant stellar surface density within the inner kpc ($Σ_1$). Massive galaxies quench earlier, faster, and at a higher $Σ_1$ than lower-mass galaxies, which compactify and attempt to quench more than once. This evolution pattern is consistent with the way galaxies populate the SFR-radius-mass space, and with gradients and scatter across the main sequence. The compaction is triggered by an intense inflow episode, involving (mostly minor) mergers, counter-rotating streams or recycled gas, and is commonly associated with violent disc instability. The contraction is dissipative, with the inflow rate >SFR, and the maximum $Σ_1$ anti-correlated with the initial spin parameter, as predicted by Dekel & Burkert (2014). The central quenching is triggered by the high SFR and stellar/supernova feedback (possibly also AGN feedback) due to the high central gas density, while the central inflow weakens as the disc vanishes. Suppression of fresh gas supply by a hot halo allows the long-term maintenance of quenching once above a threshold halo mass, inducing the quenching downsizing.
description: Resubmitted to MNRAS after responding to referee's comments; Updated and added two figures