cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Quantum harmonic oscillators and Feynman-Kac path integrals for linear diffusive particles
Creators: name: del Moral, Pierre
name: Horton, Emma
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We propose a new solvable class of multidimensional quantum harmonic oscillators for a linear diffusive particle and a quadratic energy absorbing well associated with a semi-definite positive matrix force. Under natural and easily checked controllability conditions, the ground state and the zero-point energy are explicitly computed in terms of a positive fixed point of a continuous time algebraic Riccati matrix equation. We also present an explicit solution of normalized and time dependent Feynman-Kac measures in terms of a time varying linear dynamical system coupled with a differential Riccati matrix equation. A refined non asymptotic analysis of the stability of these models is developed based on a recently developed Floquet-type representation of time varying exponential semigroups of Riccati matrices. We provide explicit and non asymptotic estimates of the exponential decays to equilibrium of Feynman-Kac semigroups in terms of Wasserstein distances or Boltzmann-relative entropy. For reversible models we develop a series of functional inequalities including de Bruijn identity, Fisher's information decays, log-Sobolev inequalities, and entropy contraction estimates. In this context, we also provide a complete and explicit description of all the spectrum and the excited states of the Hamiltonian, yielding what seems to be the first result of this type for this class of models. We illustrate these formulae with the traditional harmonic oscillator associated with real time Brownian particles and Mehler's formula. The analysis developed in this article can also be extended to solve time dependent Schrodinger equations equipped with time varying linear diffusions and quadratic potential functions.
A level line of the Gaussian free field with measure-valued boundary conditions
Creators: name: Lupu, Titus
name: Wu, Hao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60J67, 60G15, 60G60

description: In this article, we construct samples of SLE-like curves out of samples of CLE and Poisson point process of Brownian excursions. We show that the law of these curves depends continuously on the intensity measure of the Brownian excursions. Using such construction of curves, we extend the notion of level lines of GFF to the case when the boundary condition is measure-valued.
description: 42 pages, 5 figures
Coherent motion of monolayer sheets under confinement and its pathological implications
Creators: name: Soumya, S. S.
name: Gupta, Animesh
name: Cugno, Andrea
name: Deseri, Luca
name: Dayal, Kaushik
name: Das, Dibyendu
name: Sen, Shamik
name: Inamdar, Mandar M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cell Behavior (q-bio.CB)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Coherent angular rotation of epithelial cells is thought to contribute to many vital physiological processes including tissue morphogenesis and glandular formation. However, factors regulating this motion, and the implications of this motion if perturbed remain incompletely understood. In the current study, we address these questions using a cell-center based model in which cells are polarized, motile, and interact with the neighboring cells via harmonic forces. We demonstrate that, a simple evolution rule in which the polarization of any cell tends to orient with its velocity vector can induce coherent motion in geometrically confined environments. In addition to recapitulating coherent rotational motion observed in experiments, our results also show the presence of radial movements and tissue behavior that can vary between solid-like and fluid-like. We show that the pattern of coherent motion is dictated by the combination of different physical parameters including number density, cell motility, system size, bulk cell stiffness and stiffness of cell-cell adhesions. We further observe that, perturbations in the form of cell division can induce a reversal in the direction of motion when cell division occurs synchronously. Moreover, when the confinement is removed, we see that the existing coherent motion leads to cell scattering, with bulk cell stiffness and stiffness of cell-cell contacts dictating the invasion pattern. In summary, our study provides an in-depth understanding of the origin of coherent rotation in confined tissues, and extracts useful insights into the influence of various physical parameters on the pattern of such movements
(101142) Mary J Harris
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
title: Diaphragmatic Mobility Evaluation. As Many Ways to Evaluate as Many Conditions.
Creators: name: Tufik, Sergio Brasil
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Education and training
subject: Technical aspects
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Digital radiography
subject: CT
subject: Thorax
subject: Respiratory system

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: Introduce related pathologies. Demonstrate different imaging modalities and techniques available. Discuss imaging method for each particular case and outline main imaging...
Metrics with $λ_1(-Δ+ k R) \geq 0$ and flexibility in the Riemannian Penrose Inequality
Creators: name: Li, Chao
name: Mantoulidis, Christos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: On a closed manifold, consider the space of all Riemannian metrics for which -Delta + kR is positive (nonnegative) definite, where k > 0 and R is the scalar curvature. This spectral generalization of positive (nonnegative) scalar curvature arises naturally for different values of k in the study of scalar curvature via minimal hypersurfaces, the Yamabe problem, and Perelman's Ricci flow with surgery. When k=1/2, the space models apparent horizons in time-symmetric initial data to the Einstein equations. We study these spaces in unison and generalize Codá Marques's path-connectedness theorem. Applying this with k=1/2, we compute the Bartnik mass of 3-dimensional apparent horizons and the Bartnik--Bray mass of their outer-minimizing generalizations in all dimensions. Our methods also yield efficient constructions for the scalar-nonnegative fill-in problem.
description: To appear in Comm. Math. Phys. There are several refinements and expository improvements relative to previously uploaded version thanks to comments from the anonymous referees
Metastability for the dissipative quasi-geostrophic equation and the non-local enhancement
Creators: name: Li, Hui
name: Zhao, Weiren
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we study the metastability for the 2-D linearized dissipative quasi-geostrophic equation with small viscosity $ν$ around the quasi steady state $θ_{sin}=e^{-νt}\sin y$. We proved the linear enhanced dissipation and obtained the dissipation rate. Moreover, the new non-local enhancement phenomenon was discovered and discussed. Precisely we showed that the non-local term re-enhances the enhanced diffusion effect by the shear-diffusion mechanism.
Furin-Mediated Sequential Delivery of Anticancer Cytokine and Small-Molecule Drug Shuttled by Graphene
Creators: name: Mo, Ran
name: Khan, Saad A.
name: Gu, Zhen
name: Burns, Nancy A.
name: Jiang, Tianyue
name: Sun, Wujin
name: Zhu, Qiuwen
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: A cellular protease (furin)-mediated graphene-based nanosystem is developed for co-delivery of a membrane-associated cytokine (tumor-necrosis-factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand, TRAIL) and an intracellular-acting small-molecule drug (Doxorubicin, DOX). TRAIL and DOX can be sequentially released toward the plasma membrane and nucleus, respectively.
Comparison of thermodynamics solvers in the polythermal ice sheet model SICOPOLIS
Creators: name: Greve, Ralf
name: Blatter, Heinz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: J.2
subject: 86

description: In order to model the thermal structure of polythermal ice sheets accurately, energy-conserving schemes and correct tracking of the cold-temperate transition surface (CTS) are necessary. We compare four different thermodynamics solvers in the ice sheet model SICOPOLIS. Two exist already, namely a two-layer polythermal scheme (POLY) and a single-phase cold-ice scheme (COLD), while the other two are newly-implemented, one-layer enthalpy schemes, namely a conventional scheme (ENTC) and a melting-CTS scheme (ENTM). The comparison uses scenarios of the EISMINT Phase 2 Simplified Geometry Experiments (Payne and others, 2000, J. Glaciol. 46, 227-238). The POLY scheme is used as a reference against which the performance of the other schemes is tested. Both the COLD scheme and the ENTC scheme fail to produce a continuous temperature gradient across the CTS, which is explicitly enforced by the ENTM scheme. ENTM is more precise than ENTC for determining the position of the CTS, while the performance of both schemes is good for the temperature/water-content profiles in the entire ice column. Therefore, the one-layer enthalpy schemes ENTC and ENTM are viable, easier implementable alternatives to the POLY scheme with its need to handle two different numerical domains for cold and temperate ice.
description: 20 pages, 8 figures, 3 tables
Algorithmic aspects of type-based program synthesis
Creators: name: Dudenhefner, Andrej
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Type theory
subject: Inhabitation
subject: Program synthesis
subject: Complexity
subject: 004
subject: Typentheorie
subject: Programmsynthese
subject: Komplexität

description: In the area of type-based program synthesis, the decision problem of inhabitation (given a type environment Gamma and a type tau, is there a term M such that M can be assigned the type tau in Gamma?) corresponds to existence of a program (term M) that satisfies the given specification (type tau) under additional assumptions (type environment Gamma). Inhabitation in typed lambda-calculi can be seen as functional program synthesis from scratch. Complementarily, inhabitation in combinatory logic can be seen as domain-specific program synthesis. Further restrictions on inhabitant search, such as principality and relevance restrictions, yield inhabitants that are more closely tied to given specifications. Alternatively, dimension, rank, order, and arity restrictions provide means to control the complexity of inhabitant search. This work provides an overview over following results in type-based program synthesis: PSpace-completeness of principal inhabitation in the simply typed lambda-calculus, undecidability of inhabitation in lambda-calculus with intersection types, undecidability of inhabitation in lambda-calculus with intersection types in bounded dimension, undecidability of inhabitation in subintuitionistic combinatory logic, (o+2)-ExpTime-completeness of inhabitation in combinatory logic with intersection types with instantiation of bounded order o, and ExpTime-hardness of intersection type unification.
title: CT of small bowel obstruction - everything a radiologist needs to know
Creators: name: Azevedo, Pedro
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: Gastrointestinal tract
subject: Small bowel
subject: CT
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Localisation
subject: Structured reporting
subject: Obstruction / Occlusion
subject: Acute
subject: Volvulus

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: Describe the general CT features of small bowel obstruction. Enumerate the possible causes of small bowel obstruction and describe the CT features specific to each one of them. Describe the possible complications of small bowel obstructionand their...
A past and present perspective on the European summer vapour pressure deficit
Creators: name: Nagavciuc, Viorica
name: Michel, Simon L. L.
name: Balting, Daniel F.
name: Helle, Gerhard
name: Freund, Mandy
name: Schleser, Gerhard H.
name: Steger, David N.
name: Lohmann, Gerrit
name: Ionita, Monica
Publisher: name: Forschungzentrum Jülich
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 550

description: Climate of the past discussions 0, 1-29 (2023). doi:10.5194/cp-2023-35
description: Published by Copernicus Ges., Katlenburg-Lindau
What can we learn from a sharply falling positron fraction?
Creators: name: Delahaye, Timur
name: Kotera, Kumiko
name: Silk, Joseph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent results from the AMS-02 data have confirmed that the cosmic ray positron fraction increases with energy between 10 and 200GeV. This quantity should not exceed 50%, and it is hence expected that it will either converge towards 50% or fall. We study the possibility that future data may show the positron fraction dropping down abruptly to the level expected with only secondary production, and forecast the implications of such a feature in term of possible injection mechanisms that include both Dark Matter and pulsars.
description: Proceedings to the SUGAR 2015 conference
Soft Poly(dimethylsiloxane) Elastomers from Architecture-Driven Entanglement Free Design
Creators: name: Rubinstein, Michael
name: Guerra, Rodrigo E.
name: Kodger, Thomas E.
name: Pegoraro, Adrian F.
name: Cai, Li Heng
name: Weitz, David A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: We fabricate soft, solvent-free polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) elastomers by crosslinking bottlebrush polymers rather than linear polymers. We design the chemistry to allow commercially available linear PDMS precursors to deterministically form bottlebrush polymers, which are simultaneously crosslinked, enabling a one-step synthesis. The bottlebrush architecture prevents the formation of entanglements, resulting in elastomers with precisely controllable elastic moduli from ~1 to ~100 kPa, below the intrinsic lower limit of traditional elastomers. Moreover, the solvent-free nature of the soft PDMS elastomers enables a negligible contact adhesion compared to commercially available silicone products of similar stiffness. The exceptional combination of softness and negligible adhesiveness may greatly broaden the applications of PDMS elastomers in both industry and research.
title: Dysphagia: imaging findings on fluoroscopic studies
Creators: name: Alves, Ana Margarida
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Swallowing disorders
subject: Dynamic swallowing studies
subject: Contrast agent-oral
subject: Fluoroscopy
subject: Stomach (incl. Oesophagus)
subject: Gastrointestinal tract

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To review the common and uncommon causes of oropharyngeal and esophageal dysphagia and to illustrate their wide spectrum of imaging finding on fluoroscopic...
Multiplicative chaos of the Brownian loop soup
Creators: name: Aïdékon, Élie
name: Berestycki, Nathanaël
name: Jego, Antoine
name: Lupu, Titus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct a measure on the thick points of a Brownian loop soup in a bounded domain D of the plane with given intensity $θ>0$, which is formally obtained by exponentiating the square root of its occupation field. The measure is constructed via a regularisation procedure, in which loops are killed at a fix rate, allowing us to make use of the Brownian multiplicative chaos measures previously considered in [BBK94, AHS20, Jeg20a], or via a discrete loop soup approximation. At the critical intensity $θ= 1/2$, it is shown that this measure coincides with the hyperbolic cosine of the Gaussian free field, which is closely related to Liouville measure. This allows us to draw several conclusions which elucidate connections between Brownian multiplicative chaos, Gaussian free field and Liouville measure. For instance, it is shown that Liouville-typical points are of infinite loop multiplicity, with the relative contribution of each loop to the overall thickness of the point being described by the Poisson--Dirichlet distribution with parameter $θ= 1/2$. Conversely, the Brownian chaos associated to each loop describes its microscopic contribution to Liouville measure. Along the way, our proof reveals a surprising exact integrability of the multiplicative chaos associated to a killed Brownian loop soup. We also obtain some estimates on the discrete and continuous loop soups which may be of independent interest.
description: 107 pages, 3 figures; to appear in Proceedings of the London Mathematical Society
Vielfalt als journalistischer Wert? Eine Analyse der Nutzung von Expertenquellen in der Berichterstattung mit Text-Mining und klassischer Inhaltsanalyse
Creators: name: Boczek, Karin
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Journalistik
subject: Journalismusforschung
subject: Inhaltsanalyse
subject: Text-Mining
subject: Quellen
subject: Vielfalt
subject: 070
subject: Inhaltsanalyse
subject: Text Mining
subject: Berichterstattung
subject: Journalismus

description: In einer Wissensgesellschaft können Expertenquellen im Journalismus dazu beitragen, die Recherchetiefe der Berichterstattung zu erhöhen. In dieser Arbeit wird analysiert, in welchem Umfang und wie sie genutzt werden. Außerdem wird untersucht, inwieweit ihre Auswahl Vielfaltskriterien genügt. Auf Basis von Rent-Seeking sowie Qualität, Vielfalt und sozialer Homophilie im Journalismus wird die Berichterstattung der Süddeutschen Zeitung mit einer Kombination von klassischer Inhaltsanalyse und Text-Mining (LDA-Topic-Modeling) analysiert. Die Ergebnisse bestätigen die Resultate anderer Studien, dass viele Themen, in denen Expertenquellen genutzt werden, nicht wissenschaftliche sind, sondern wirtschaftliche und politische, und dass die Nutzungsart stärker von Meinungsäußerungen als von Faktenaussagen geprägt ist. Bei den Vielfaltskriterien war vor allem auffällig, dass 83 Prozent der Expertenquellen männlich waren und einige Expert*innen mehrfach von Journalist*innen angefragt wurden. Auf Basis der Ergebnisse ist zu diskutieren, wie und in welchen Bereichen die Vielfalt von Expertenquellen erhöht werden kann.
Asymptotic velocity of a position-dependent quantum walk
Creators: name: Suzuki, Akito
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a position-dependent coined quantum walk on $\mathbb{Z}$ and assume that the coin operator $C(x)$ satisfies \[ \|C(x) - C_0 \| \leq c_1|x|^{-1-ε}, \quad x \in \mathbb{Z} \] with positive $c_1$ and $ε$ and $C_0 \in U(2)$. We show that the Heisenberg operator $\hat x(t)$ of the position operator converges to the asymptotic velocity operator $\hat v_+$ so that \[ \mbox{s-}\lim_{t \to \infty} {\rm exp}\left( i ξ\frac{\hat x(t)}{t} \right) = Π_{\rm p}(U) + {\rm exp}(i ξ\hat v_+) Π_{\rm ac}(U) \] provided that $U$ has no singular continuous spectrum. Here $Π_{\rm p}(U)$ (resp. $Π_{\rm ac}(U)$) is the orthogonal projection onto the direct sum of all eigenspaces (resp. the subspace of absolute continuity) of $U$. We also prove that for the random variable $X_t$ denoting the position of a quantum walker at time $t \in \mathbb{N}$, $X_t/t$ converges in law to a random variable $V$ with the probability distribution \[ μ_V = \|Π_{\rm p}(U)Ψ_0\|^2δ_0 + \|E_{\hat v_+}(\cdot) Π_{\rm ac}(U)Ψ_0\|^2, \] where $Ψ_0$ is the initial state, $δ_0$ the Dirac measure at zero, and $E_{\hat v_+}$ the spectral measure of $\hat v_+$.
title: Pictorial review: Spontaneous liver haemorrhage - from diagnosis to intervention and follow up
Creators: name: Caglič, Iztok
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Haemorrhage
subject: Embolisation
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: MR
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: CT
subject: Vascular
subject: Liver
subject: Abdomen

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: 1. To describethedifferent causes ofspontaneous liver haemorrhage. 2. To descibean appropriate imaging protocol and technique for reportingin order to: - detect haemorrhage and to identify active bleeding; - determinethe cause and to suggest further...
Is the statement of Murphy's Law valid?
Creators: name: Chatterjee, Atanu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Popular Physics (physics.pop-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Murphy's Law is $not$ a law in the formal sense yet popular science often compares it with the Second Law of Thermodynamics as both the statements point toward a more disorganized state with time. In this paper, we first construct a mathematically equivalent statement for Murphy's Law and then disprove it using the intuitive idea that energy differences will level off along the paths of steepest descent, or along trajectories of least action.
description: Complexity 2015
title: Viral Encephalitis: A Review
Creators: name: Kalchev, Emilian
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: CNS
subject: Emergency
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: MR
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: CT
subject: Education
subject: Infection
subject: Seizure disorders
subject: Oedema

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: We will discuss the more common causes of acquired viral encephalitis with an emphasis on imaging...
(101134) Eliza Lancashire
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
title: Intra-articular osteoid osteoma: Contribution of imaging in diagnosis
Creators: name: Bouzrara, Meriem
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Musculoskeletal joint
subject: CT
subject: Conventional radiography
subject: Ultrasound-Colour Doppler
subject: Surgery
subject: Ablation procedures
subject: Radiation therapy / Oncology
subject: Pathology
subject: Hyperplasia / Hypertrophy

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Osteoid osteoma (OO) accounts for approximately10 to20% of benign bonetumors.Usually occurs in the shaft or metaphysis of long bones.Its diagnosis is usually not difficult in classic clinical setup, however intra-articular OO are rare and their...
A Distributed Algorithm for Demand Response with Mixed-Integer Variables
Creators: name: Mhanna, Sleiman
name: Chapman, Archie C.
name: Verbic, Gregor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This letter presents a fast distributed algorithm for aggregating a large number of households with mixed-integer variables and intricate couplings between devices. The proposed fast distributed gradient algorithm is applied to the double smoothed dual function of the adopted DR model. The results also show that, with minimal parameter adjustments, the convergence of the dual objective exhibits the same behavior irrespective of the system size.
description: 2 pages, 1 figure, to be published in IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid Letters
title: Multimodality imaging of volvulus in children
Creators: name: Ibáñez Caturla, Santiago
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Paediatric
subject: Abdomen
subject: Gastrointestinal tract
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Conventional radiography
subject: CT
subject: Surgery
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Volvulus
subject: Genetic defects

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To describe the radiologic appearances of the different kinds of volvulus and their particularities in child...
An investigation of family SES-based inequalities in depressive symptoms from early adolescence to emerging adulthood
Creators: name: Noh, Samuel
name: Elder, Glen H.
name: Wickrama, K. A.S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Using the life course cumulative advantage/disadvantage (CAD) perspective, this study examines the influence of early family SES on trajectories of depressive symptoms spanning from early adolescence to early adulthood, as well as variations in SES-based inequality in depressive symptoms trajectories over this period. This study looks at direct influences of family SES and SES-age interactions (exposure-dependent CAD mechanisms), as well as indirect influences through SES-linked youth experiences (path-dependent CAD mechanisms) to explain variations in SES-based inequality. Data was derived from the Add Health study- a national longitudinal survey of 14,000 adolescents. Results showed large and significant effects of early family SES and associated factors on depressive symptoms in early adolescence, but diminishing effects in middle and late adolescence, supporting the hypothesis of equalization in adolescent health across levels of SES. Disparities in depression reemerged as adolescents entered adulthood, supporting the view that SES-based health equalization is only a temporary process. These findings also strengthen the concept of life course CAD processes, stemming from family characteristics, coming into play later in life. Early family SES was directly and indirectly related to a set of transition-related risks and challenges during emerging adulthood, to which young adults from families of higher SES responded more effectively than those of lower SES. This paper discusses theoretical and methodological implications of the findings.
title: Pelvic floor MRI: a primer
Creators: name: Cusack, James
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Pelvic floor dysfunction
subject: Structured reporting
subject: MR
subject: Urinary Tract / Bladder
subject: Pelvis
subject: Genital / Reproductive system female

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: In this introduction to Pelvic Floor MRI, we aim to outline: Clinical Indications for Pelvic MRI in Pelvic Floor Dysfunction Normal functional pelvic floor anatomy Patient preparation for Pelvic MRI Static and dynamic MRI imaging protocols...
Order amidst change: Work and family trajectories in Japan
Creators: name: Kabamalan, Maria Midea M.
name: Tsuya, Noriko O.
name: Choe, Minja Kim
name: Rindfuss, Ronald R.
name: Bumpass, Larry L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Substantial family and work macro-level change has been occurring in Japan. Examples include a decline in the availability of jobs that afford lifetime protection against unemployment, an increase in jobs that do not carry benefits such as a pension, an increase in age at marriage and at first birth, and an increase in marital dissolution. Using life history data from the 2000 National Survey on Family and Economic Conditions, young Japanese appear to have responded to these macro-level changes in a fairly orderly manner. Marriage and childbearing have been postponed, but marriage still precedes childbearing. Education is completed prior to starting work. For men, once work commences they continue working. For women, the classic conflict between work and family roles is evident. For men and women in both the family and work spheres Japanese young adults have more orderly life course trajectories than American young adults.
title: Sir Godfrey Hounsfield and the history of Computer Tomography
Creators: name: Vega, Juan
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Tissue characterisation
subject: History
subject: CT
subject: Professional issues
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: Management
subject: Image registration

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To document the history of the early days ofComputed Tomography through some passages in Godfrey Hounsfield's...
Risk Factors for Postpartum Depressive Symptoms in Low-Income Women With Very Low-Birth-Weight Infants
Creators: name: Carter, C. Sue
name: Garfield, Lindsey
name: Seng, Julia S.
name: Holditch-Davis, Diane
name: McFarlin, Barbara L.
name: White-Traut, Rosemary
name: Giurgescu, Carmen
name: Schwertz, Dorie
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: PURPOSE: This study examined factors associated with postpartum depressive symptoms in mothers with premature infants in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).

SUBJECTS: A total of 113 new mothers with very low-birth-weight infants in their initial NICU admission were recruited from 2 urban hospitals servicing low-income minority communities.

DESIGN: This study employed a cross-sectional design.

METHODS: Data were collected during the infants' postpartum NICU admission and included maternal demographic information (eg, age, education, race, living with the baby's father), infant illness severity (Neurobiologic Risk Score from infant's medical record), and maternal psychological measures (the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, the Perinatal Posttraumatic Stress Questionnaire, and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory).

RESULTS: The findings indicated that 47 (42%) women had elevated postpartum depressive symptoms and 33 (30%) women had elevated postpartum posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSs). Factors associated with postpartum depressive symptoms included PTS, anxiety, maternal age, and whether the mother lived with the baby's father (F₄, ₁₀₄ = 52.27, P < .001). The severity of the infants' illness, parental stress, and maternal education were not associated with depressive symptoms among low-income mothers of NICU infants.

CONCLUSIONS: On the basis of our findings, we recommend that low-income women should be screened for symptoms of anxiety, posttraumatic stress, and postpartum depression on their infants' admission to the NICU. When this is not feasible, we advise NICU healthcare providers to assess women for familial support, maternal age, posttraumatic stress related to their infants birth, and anxiety to determine which mothers are at the greatest risk for postpartum depressive symptoms. Screening for postpartum depression in the NICU can aid in early identification and treatment, thereby decreasing negative consequences for mothers and their infants.
Precision Electron Measurements in the Solar Wind at 1 au from NASA's Wind Spacecraft
Creators: name: Salem, Chadi S.
name: Pulupa, Marc
name: Bale, Stuart D.
name: Verscharen, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This work aims to characterize precisely and systematically the non-thermal characteristics of the electron Velocity Distribution Function (eVDF) in the solar wind at 1 au using data from the Wind spacecraft. We present a comprehensive statistical analysis of solar wind electrons at 1 au using the electron analyzers of the 3D-Plasma instrument on board Wind. This work uses a sophisticated algorithm developed to analyze and characterize separately the three populations - core, halo and strahl - of the eVDF up to 2 keV. The eVDF data are calibrated using independent electron parameters obtained from the quasi-thermal noise around the electron plasma frequency measured by the Thermal Noise Receiver. The code determines the respective set of total electron, core, halo and strahl parameters through non-linear least-square fits to the measured eVDF, taking properly into account spacecraft charging and other instrumental effects. We use four years, ~ 280000 independent measurements of core, halo and strahl parameters to investigate the statistical properties of these different populations in the solar wind. We discuss the distributions of their respective densities, drift velocities, temperature, and temperature anisotropies as functions of solar wind speed. We also show distributions with solar wind speed of the total density, temperature, temperature anisotropy and heat flux, as well as those of the proton temperature, proton-to-electron temperature ratio, proton and electron beta. Intercorrelations between some of these parameters are also discussed. The present dataset represents the largest, high-precision, collection of electron measurements in the pristine solar wind at 1~AU. It provides a new wealth of information on electron microphysics. Its large volume will enable future statistical studies of parameter combinations and their dependencies under different plasma conditions.
description: total of 21 pages, 17 figures, 1 appendix and 7 tables
(101135) John Lancashire
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
title: Description of the imaging characteristics of oligodendrogliomas using magnetic resonance techniques.
Creators: name: Gross, Stephanie
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: CNS
subject: MR physics
subject: MR
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: MR-Spectroscopy
subject: Biopsy
subject: Neoplasia
subject: Tissue characterisation

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: The goal of this electronic poster is to establish the different characteristics by conventional and advanced MRI techniques of oligodendrogliomas and oligoastrocytomas. At the same time, analyze whether they are of statistical value for predicting...
(101138) Charles Mahone Harris
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Dirac operators for matrix algebras converging to coadjoint orbits
Creators: name: Rieffel, Marc A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 46L87 (primary) 53C30, 81R60, 81R15, 81R05 (secondary)

description: In the high-energy physics literature one finds statements such as ``matrix algebras converge to the sphere''. Earlier I provided a general precise setting for understanding such statements, in which the matrix algebras are viewed as quantum metric spaces, and convergence is with respect to a quantum Gromov-Hausdorff-type distance. But physicists want even more to treat structures on spheres (and other spaces), such as vector bundles, Yang-Mills functionals, Dirac operators, etc., and they want to approximate these by corresponding structures on matrix algebras. In the present paper we provide a somewhat unified construction of Dirac operators on coadjoint orbits and on the matrix algebras that converge to them. This enables us to prove our main theorem, whose content is that, for the quantum metric-space structures determined by the Dirac operators that we construct, the matrix algebras do indeed converge to the coadjoint orbits, for a quite strong version of quantum Gromov-Hausdorff distance.
description: 58 pages. v2 has an added section discussing the relations with the spectral propinquity of Latremoliere. Various minor improvements elsewhere. v3 has many minor improvements. No change in conclusions
Galaxy Interactions in Compact Groups II: abundance and kinematic anomalies in HCG 91c
Creators: name: Vogt, F. P. A.
name: Dopita, M. A.
name: Borthakur, S.
name: Verdes-Montenegro, L.
name: Heckman, T. M.
name: Yun, M. S.
name: Chambers, K. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Galaxies in Hickson Compact Group 91 (HCG 91) were observed with the WiFeS integral field spectrograph as part of our ongoing campaign targeting the ionized gas physics and kinematics inside star forming members of compact groups. Here, we report the discovery of HII regions with abundance and kinematic offsets in the otherwise unremarkable star forming spiral HCG 91c. The optical emission line analysis of this galaxy reveals that at least three HII regions harbor an oxygen abundance ~0.15 dex lower than expected from their immediate surroundings and from the abundance gradient present in the inner regions of HCG 91c. The same star forming regions are also associated with a small kinematic offset in the form of a lag of 5-10 km/s with respect to the local circular rotation of the gas. HI observations of HCG 91 from the Very Large Array and broadband optical images from Pan-STARRS suggest that HCG 91c is caught early in its interaction with the other members of HCG 91. We discuss different scenarios to explain the origin of the peculiar star forming regions detected with WiFeS, and show that evidence point towards infalling and collapsing extra-planar gas clouds at the disk-halo interface, possibly as a consequence of long-range gravitational perturbations of HCG 91c from the other group members. As such, HCG 91c provides evidence that some of the perturbations possibly associated with the early phase of galaxy evolution in compact groups impact the star forming disk locally, and on sub-kpc scales.
description: 25 pages, 21 figures, MNRAS accepted. Until publication of the article, the interactive component of Figure 4 is available at this URL: http://www.mso.anu.edu.au/~fvogt/website/misc.html
title: Paracas culture (preincas) cranial changes: imagenological evaluation.
Creators: name: Hernández Pérez, Cristian
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Forensics
subject: Education and training
subject: History
subject: Computer Applications-3D
subject: Image manipulation / Reconstruction
subject: CT-High Resolution
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: Forensic / Necropsy studies

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: 1. Make a historical approach to the Paracas culture. 2. Describe the methods of cranial deformation and cranial trepanation in this culture. 3. Make a volumetric and three-dimensional analysis using multidetector computed tomography (320 channels)...
Prepregnancy Obesity: Determinants, Consequences, and Solutions
Creators: name: Siega-Riz, Anna Maria
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Obesity among women of childbearing age is of paramount importance because of its association with multiple adverse health outcomes for the mother and fetus once a woman becomes pregnant. Obesity is more prevalent among women of lower socioeconomic status and of color who often times lack health insurance. This health disparity that exists within a framework of repeating cycle of risk emphasizes the urgency for accelerating the discovery of solutions for the obesity problem among women of childbearing age.
Food Availability/Convenience and Obesity
Creators: name: Gordon-Larsen, Penny
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Neighborhood environments have received considerable attention in recent local, state, and national obesity prevention initiatives, with a particular focus on food deserts, or areas with poor access to healthy foods. Yet, there are inconsistencies in the evidence base, suggesting a nuanced association between neighborhood environment, food availability, diet behaviors, and obesity. There is heterogeneity in associations between environmental exposures and health outcomes across race/ethnicity, gender, region, and urbanicity, which results in complexity in the interpretation of findings. There are several limitations in the literature, including a predominance of cross-sectional studies, reliance on commercial business listings, lack of attention to the process by which diet resources are established and expanded within neighborhoods and the potential for individuals to selectively migrate to locate near such facilities, a predominant focus on residential neighborhoods, and lack of information about the decision-making process underlying purchasing patterns. More research is needed to address the complexity of individual-level residential decision making as well as the purposeful placement of food environment resources across social and geographic space using longitudinal data and complex statistical approaches. In addition, improvements in data quality and depth related to food access and availability are needed, including behavioral data on purchase patterns and interactions with the food environment, and greater attention to heterogeneity across subpopulations. As policy changes to the food environment move forward, it is critical that there is rigorous and scientific evaluation of environmental changes and their impact on individual-level diet choices and behaviors, and their further influence on body weight.
(101132) Mary Pauline Walton
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
title: Abdominal ultrasound in the assessment of ileus in emergency patients
Creators: name: Pranjkovic, Tamara
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Motility
subject: Acute
subject: Radiation safety
subject: Observer performance
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Gastrointestinal tract
subject: Abdomen

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: The purpose of our educational exhibit is to: present the sonographic features of ileus; to evaluate the role of abdominal ultrasound (US) in diagnosing intestinal obstruction in emergency patients; to demonstrate the importance of abdominal US in...
Full-resolution quality assessment for pansharpening
Creators: name: Scarpa, Giuseppe
name: Ciotola, Matteo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A reliable quality assessment procedure for pansharpening methods is of critical importance for the development of the related solutions. Unfortunately, the lack of ground-truths to be used as guidance for an objective evaluation has pushed the community to resort to two approaches which can also be jointly applied. Hence, two kinds of indexes can be found in the literature: i) reference-based reduced-resolution indexes aimed to assess the synthesis ability; ii) no-reference subjective quality indexes for full-resolution datasets aimed to assess spectral and spatial consistency. Both reference-based and no-reference indexes present critical shortcomings which motivate the community to explore new solutions. In this work, we propose an alternative no-reference full-resolution assessment framework. On one side we introduce a protocol, namely the reprojection protocol, to take care of the spectral consistency issue. On the other side, a new index of the spatial consistency between the pansharpened image and the panchromatic band at full resolution is also proposed. Experimental results carried out on different datasets/sensors demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.