cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Robust laboratory limits on a cosmological spatial gradient in the electromagnetic fine-structure constant from accelerometer experiments
Creators: name: Stadnik, Yevgeny V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quasar absorption spectral data indicate the presence of a spatial gradient in the electromagnetic fine-structure constant $α$ on cosmological length scales. We point out that experiments with accelerometers, including torsion pendula and atom interferometers, can be used as sensitive probes of cosmological spatial gradients in the fundamental constants of nature, which give rise to equivalence-principle-violating forces on test masses. Using laboratory data from the Eöt-Wash experiment, we constrain spatial gradients in $α$ along any direction to be $| \boldsymbol{\nabla} α/ α| < 6.6 \times 10^{-4}~(\textrm{Glyr})^{-1}$ at $95\%$ confidence level. Our result represents an order of magnitude improvement over laboratory bounds from clock-based searches for a spatial gradient in $α$ directed along the observed cosmological $α$-dipole axis. Improvements to accelerometer experiments in the foreseeable future are expected to provide sufficient sensitivity to test the cosmological $α$-dipole seen in astrophysical data.
description: 9 pages, version accepted for publication in Physical Review A
Helicina inaequistriata Pilsbry 1900
Creators: name: Cavallari, Daniel C.
name: Dornellas, Ana Paula S.
name: Simone, Luiz Ricardo L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Gastropoda
Cycloneritida
Helicinidae
Helicina
Helicina inaequistriata

description: inaequistriata, Helicina Pilsbry, 1900
 Helicina inaequistriata Pilsbry, 1900: 394.
Gastropoda, Helicinidae
 Paralectotypes (17 spc): MZSP 938.
 Locality: See Dornellas & Simone (2011).
 Collector: See Dornellas & Simone (2011).
 Preservation: Dry.
 Remarks: The present specimens, also listed in Dornellas & Simone (2011: 19), are actually paralectotypes. The lectotype and remaining paralectotypes are held in the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia (ANSP) collection, respectively catalogued as ANSP 78038 and ANSP 358655 (5 shells).
description: Published as part of Cavallari, Daniel C., Dornellas, Ana Paula S. & Simone, Luiz Ricardo L., 2016, Second annotated list of type specimens of molluscs deposited in the Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil, pp. 1-59 in European Journal of Taxonomy 213 on page 53, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2016.213, http://zenodo.org/record/3840125
PMAS, the Potsdam Multi-Aperture Spectrophotometer. I. Design, Manufacture, and Performance
Creators: name: Roth, M. M.
name: Kelz, A.
name: Fechner, T.
name: Hahn, T.
name: Bauer, S. -M.
name: Becker, T.
name: Boehm, P.
name: Christensen, L.
name: Dionies, F.
name: Paschke, J.
name: Popow, E.
name: Wolter, D.
name: Schmoll, J.
name: Laux, U.
name: Altmann, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe the design, manufacture, commissioning, and performance of PMAS, the Potsdam Multi-Aperture Spectrophotometer. PMAS is a dedicated integral field spectrophotometer, optimized to cover the optical wavelength regime of 0.35--1um. It is based on the lens array -- fiber bundle principle of operation. The instrument employs an all-refractive fiber spectrograph, built with CaF2 optics, to provide good transmission and high image quality over the entire nominal wavelength range. A set of user-selectable reflective gratings provides low to medium spectral resolution in first order of approx. 1.5, 3.2, and 7 A, depending on the groove density (1200, 600, 300 gr/mm). While the standard integral field unit (IFU) uses a 16x16 element lens array, which provides seeing-limited sampling in a relatively small field-of-view (FOV) in one of three magnifications (8x8, 12x12, or 16x16 arcsec^2, respectively), a recently retrofitted bare fiber bundle IFU (PPak) expands the FOV to a hexagonal area with a footprint of 65x74 arcsec^2. Other special features include a cryogenic CCD camera for field acquisition and guiding, a nod-shuffle mode for beam switching and improved sky background subtraction, and a scanning Fabry-Perot etalon in combination with the standard IFU (PYTHEAS mode). PMAS was initially designed and built as an experimental traveling instrument with optical interfaces to various telescopes (Calar Alto 3.5m, ESO-VLT, LBT). It is offered as a common user instrument at Calar Alto under contract with MPIA Heidelberg since 2002.
description: accepted for publication in PASP, 18 pages, 21 figures
Kenfack Zyczkowski indicator of nonclassicality for two non-equivalent representations of Wigner function of qutrit
Creators: name: Abgaryan, Vahagn
name: Khvedelidze, Arsen
name: Torosyan, Astghik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Wigner function of a finite-dimensional system can be constructed via dual pairing of a density matrix with the Stratonovich-Weyl kernel. Following Kenfack and $\dot{\text{Z}}$yczkowski, we consider the indicator of nonclassicality of a finite-dimensional quantum system which depends on the volume of the negative part of the Wigner function. This indicator is defined over the unitary non-equivalent classes of quantum states, i.e. represents an invariant, but since for a given quantum system there is no unique Wigner function it turns to be sensitive to the choice of representations for the Wigner function. Based on the explicit parameterization of the moduli space of the Wigner functions, we compute the corresponding Kenfack-$\dot{\text{Z}}$yczkowski indicators of a 3-level system for degenerate, unitary non-equivalent Stratonovich-Weyl kernels.
Coenen, Lothar (hrsg.): Theologisches Begriffslexikon zum Neuen Testament
Creators: name: Schulz, Otmar
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 19 Nr. 2 (1970): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 19, Heft 2
Mapping the large-scale anisotropy in the WMAP data
Creators: name: Bernui, A.
name: Mota, B.
name: Reboucas, M. J.
name: Tavakol, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Analyses of recent cosmic microwave background (CMB) observations have provided increasing indications for the existence of large scale anisotropy in the universe. Given the far reaching consequences of such an anisotropy for our understanding of the universe, it is important to employ alternative indicators in order to determine whether the reported anisotropy is cosmological in origin, and if so extract further information that may be helpful for identifying its causes. Here we propose a new directional indicator, based on angular-separation histograms of pairs of pixels with similar temperatures in the CMB map, which provides a measure of departure from statistical isotropy. The main advantage of this indicator is that it can be used to generate a sky map of large-scale anisotropies in the CMB temperature map, thus allowing a possible additional window into their causes. Using this indicator, we find a statistically significant (at 95% CL) preferred direction in the CMB data and discuss how it compares with other such axes recently reported. We also show that our findings are robust with respect to both the details of the method used, and the choice of the WMAP CMB maps employed, including the three-year CMB data released recently.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures. v4.: Version to match the one to be published in A&A. 3-year WMAP data used. Presentation improved. New figures added. Results unchanged
Testing the Quasar Hubble Diagram with LISA Standard Sirens
Creators: name: Speri, Lorenzo
name: Tamanini, Nicola
name: Caldwell, Robert R.
name: Gair, Jonathan R.
name: Wang, Benjamin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quasars have recently been used as an absolute distance indicator, extending the Hubble diagram to high redshift to reveal a deviation from the expansion history predicted for the standard, $Λ$CDM cosmology. Here we show that the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) will efficiently test this claim with standard sirens at high redshift, defined by the coincident gravitational wave (GW) and electromagnetic (EM) observations of the merger of massive black hole binaries (MBHBs). Assuming a fiducial $Λ$CDM cosmology for generating mock standard siren datasets, the evidence for the $Λ$CDM model with respect to an alternative model inferred from quasar data is investigated. By simulating many realizations of possible future LISA observations, we find that for $50\%$ of these realizations (median result) 4 MBHB standard siren measurements will suffice to strongly differentiate between the two models, while 14 standard sirens will yield a similar result in $95\%$ of the realizations. In addition, we investigate the measurement precision of cosmological parameters as a function of the number of observed LISA MBHB standard sirens, finding that 15 events will on average achieve a relative precision of 5\% for $H_0$, reducing to 3\% and 2\% with 25 and 40 events, respectively. Our investigation clearly highlights the potential of LISA as a cosmological probe able to accurately map the expansion of the universe at $z\gtrsim 2$, and as a tool to cross-check and cross-validate cosmological EM measurements with complementary GW observations.
description: 17 pages, 9 figures
Fingerprints of spin-orbital physics in cubic Mott insulators: Magnetic exchange interactions and optical spectral weights
Creators: name: Oles, Andrzej M.
name: Khaliullin, Giniyat
name: Horsch, Peter
name: Feiner, Louis Felix
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The temperature dependence and anisotropy of optical spectral weights associated with different multiplet transitions is determined by the spin and orbital correlations. To provide a systematic basis to exploit this close relationship between magnetism and optical spectra, we present and analyze the spin-orbital superexchange models for a series of representative orbital-degenerate transition metal oxides with different multiplet structure. For each case we derive the magnetic exchange constants, which determine the spin wave dispersions, as well as the partial optical sum rules. The magnetic and optical properties of early transition metal oxides with degenerate $t_{2g}$ orbitals (titanates and vanadates with perovskite structure) are shown to depend only on two parameters, viz. the superexchange energy $J$ and the ratio $η$ of Hund's exchange to the intraorbital Coulomb interaction, and on the actual orbital state. In $e_g$ systems important corrections follow from charge transfer excitations, and we show that KCuF$_3$ can be classified as a charge transfer insulator, while LaMnO$_3$ is a Mott insulator with moderate charge transfer contributions. In some cases orbital fluctuations are quenched and decoupling of spin and orbital degrees of freedom with static orbital order gives satisfactory results for the optical weights. On the example of cubic vanadates we describe a case where the full quantum spin-orbital physics must be considered. Thus information on optical excitations, their energies, temperature dependence and anisotropy, combined with the results of magnetic neutron scattering experiments, provides an important consistency test of the spin-orbital models, and indicates whether orbital and/or spin fluctuations are important in a given compound.
description: 34 pages, 16 figures
Vertex distortion of lattice knots
Creators: name: Campisi, Marion
name: Cazet, Nicholas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57K10

description: The vertex distortion of a lattice knot is the supremum of the ratio of the distance between a pair of vertices along the knot and their distance in the l1-norm. We show analogous results to those of Gromov, Pardon and Blair-Campisi-Taylor-Tomova about the distortion of smooth knots hold for vertex distortion: the vertex distortion of a lattice knot is 1 only if it is the unknot, and that there are minimal lattice-stick number knot conformations with arbitrarily high distortion.
ECONOMIC EFFECTS OF MINNESOTA PEATLAND DEVELOPMENT
Creators: name: Meagher, Patrick D.
name: Maki, Wilbur R.
name: Laulainen, Leonard A.
name: Meagher, Patrick D.
name: Maki, Wilbur R.
name: Laulainen, Leonard A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1979
Subjects: Land Economics/Use

description: Existing peatland development and future uses for peat are described and evaluated in this report. Scenarios for future development of the study area peat industry are described in terms of employment, earnings, capital investment, and value of production. Forecasts of the potential impacts of peatland development on regional industry production, employment, earnings, and population are presented. These impacts are determined by using SIMLAB, an acronym for a regional socio-economic computer model developed at the University of Minnesota for quantitative analysis of the direct, indirect and induced socio-economic effects of events like peatland development.
Criar personas automáticas ou personas manuais? Um estudo comparativo na geração de personas de crianças com Transtorno do Espectro Autista com base em dados reais.
Creators: name: Ommited For Review
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 80602 Computer-Human Interaction
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: 80109 Pattern Recognition and Data Mining
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Material gerado e utilizado no artigo "Criar personas automáticas ou personas manuais? Um estudo comparativo na geração de personas de crianças com Transtorno do Espectro Autista com base em dados reais.".
Identifying resonances of the Galactic bar in Gaia DR2: II. Clues from angle space
Creators: name: Trick, Wilma H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Milky Way disk exhibits intricate orbit substructure of still-debated dynamical origin. The angle variables $(θ_ϕ,θ_R)$ -- which are conjugates to the actions $(L_z,J_R)$, and describe a star's location along its orbit -- are a powerful diagnostic to identify $l$:$m$ resonances via the orbit shape relation $Δθ_R / Δθ_ϕ= -m/l$. In the past, angle signatures have been hidden by survey selection effects (SEs). Using test particle simulations of a barred galaxy, we demonstrate that \emph{Gaia} should allow us to identify the Galactic bar's Outer Lindblad Resonance ($l=+1, m=2$, OLR) in angle space. We investigate strategies to overcome SEs. In the angle data of the \emph{Gaia} DR2 RVS sample, we independently identify four candidates for the OLR and therefore for the pattern speed $Ω_\text{bar}$. The strongest candidate, $Ω_\text{bar}\sim1.4Ω_0$, positions the OLR above the `Sirius' moving group, agrees with measurements from the Galactic center, and might be supported by higher-order resonances around the `Hercules/Horn'. But it misses the classic orbit orientation flip, as discussed in the companion study on actions. The candidate $Ω_\text{bar}\sim1.2Ω_0$ was also suggested by the action-based study, has the OLR at the `Hat', is consistent with \emph{slow bar} models, but still affected by SEs. Weaker candidates are $Ω_\text{bar}=1.6Ω_0$ and $1.74Ω_0$. In addition, we show that the stellar angles do not support the `Hercules/Horn' being created by the OLR of a \emph{fast bar}. We conclude that -- to resolve if `Sirius' or `Hat' is related to the bar's OLR -- more complex dynamical explanations and more extended data with well-behaved SEs are required.
description: 16 pages, 9 figures (excluding appendices); accepted for publication in MNRAS
Tight Bounds on the Redundancy of Huffman Codes
Creators: name: Mohajer, Soheil
name: Pakzad, Payam
name: Kakhbod, Ali
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper we study the redundancy of Huffman codes. In particular, we consider sources for which the probability of one of the source symbols is known. We prove a conjecture of Ye and Yeung regarding the upper bound on the redundancy of such Huffman codes, which yields in a tight upper bound. We also derive a tight lower bound for the redundancy under the same assumption. We further apply the method introduced in this paper to other related problems. It is shown that several other previously known bounds with different constraints follow immediately from our results.
description: 23 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in IEEE Transaction on Information Theory
PUBLIC ISSUES ON THE ECONOMICS OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY
Creators: name: Waelti, John J.
name: Waelti, John J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1971
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy

description: The objectives of this lecture are to discuss the concepts of "quality of life" and "environmental quality," to briefly review several schools of thought on pollution and environmental quality, and to review in broad terms some of the economic implications of these schools of thought..."
Kirschbaum, Engelbert (hrsg.): Lexikon der christlichen Ikonographie
Creators: name: Goldammer, Kurt
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 19 Nr. 2 (1970): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 19, Heft 2
THE PRODUCTIVE VALUE OF EDUCATION IN AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT
Creators: name: Sidhu, Surjit S.
name: Sidhu, Surjit S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1976
Subjects: International Development
Labor and Human Capital

description: The purpose of this paper is to present some empirical evidence from a developing agriculture in northwestern India, evidence which shows that schooling of the farm people contributes to their useful productive abilities.
Masculinity and the sexual politics of self and other in Soviet political cartoons, 1945-1955
Creators: name: Fraser, Erica Lee
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This study examines masculine imagery in the foreign affairs cartoons in Krokodil, a Soviet satirical magazine, from 1945 to 1955. Both the Soviet Union's leaders and its people faced two major issues in this time period: rebuilding the country after the devastation of the Second World War, and descending into the Cold War battle of ideology with the West. Enemy countries in the cartoons are almost always portrayed as male figures, and the cartoons manipulate the masculine images to denote power relationships between countries, and also between men. As in many countries that fought in the war, the Soviet Union prioritized rebuilding the family in postwar society. The catastrophic loss of life, particularly among the male population, made this task more difficult in the Soviet Union. The state therefore employed a variety of tactics to promote the family, and to ensure that men assumed their proper positions as husbands and fathers. Using Krokodil's cartoons to promote masculine identity among Soviet men - and demeaning it among enemy men - was one such method. The major argument of the paper is that the cartoons featuring enemy countries commented not only on those enemies, but on the domestic situation in the Soviet Union as well. Borrowing and building on the language of postcolonial theory, this paper argues that the Soviet Union defined itself against the characteristics it assigned to the enemy. The dichotomy of self and other in the cartoons extends past that of the Soviet Union and its national enemies, to the Soviet man and enemies to his masculinity. By portraying the country's enemies in various homoerotic situations in the cartoons, the Soviet Union sought to delegitimize the potency of the enemy, while also signaling to the Soviet population that the unmasculine behavior associated with the enemy in the cartoons would not be tolerated in the Soviet Union. Drawing on a wide range of literature, including studies of humor and satire, art and visual iconography, gender, masculinity, and queer theory, this paper uses the medium of political cartoons to link issues of sexuality with postwar reconstruction and Cold War animosity in the Soviet Union between 1945 and 1955.
Explaining cosmic ray antimatter with secondaries from old supernova remnants
Creators: name: Mertsch, Philipp
name: Vittino, Andrea
name: Sarkar, Subir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Despite significant efforts over the past decade, the origin of the cosmic ray positron excess has still not been unambiguously established. A popular class of candidate sources are pulsars or pulsar wind nebulae but these cannot also account for the observed hard spectrum of cosmic ray antiprotons. We revisit the alternative possibility that the observed high-energy positrons are secondaries created by spallation in supernova remnants during the diffusive shock acceleration of the primary cosmic rays, which are further accelerated by the same shocks. The resulting source spectrum of positrons at high energies is then naturally harder than that of the primaries, as is the spectrum of other secondaries such as antiprotons. We present the first comprehensive investigation of the full parameter space of this model -- both the source parameters as well as those governing galactic transport. Various parameterisations of the cross sections for the production of positrons and antiprotons are considered, and the uncertainty in the model parameters discussed. We obtain an excellent fit to recent precision measurements by AMS-02 of cosmic ray protons, helium, positrons and antiprotons, as well as of various primary and secondary nuclei. This model thus provides an economical explanation of the spectra of all secondary species -- from a single well-motivated population of sources.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
Solving Gapped Hamiltonians Locally
Creators: name: Hastings, M. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that any short-range Hamiltonian with a gap between the ground and excited states can be written as a sum of local operators, such that the ground state is an approximate eigenvector of each operator separately. We then show that the ground state of any such Hamiltonian is close to a generalized matrix product state. The range of the given operators needed to obtain a good approximation to the ground state is proportional to the square of the logarithm of the system size times a characteristic "factorization length". Applications to many-body quantum simulation are discussed. We also consider density matrices of systems at non-zero temperature.
description: 13 pages, 2 figures; minor changes to references, additional discussion of numerics; additional explanation of nonzero temperature matrix product form
Coulomb blockade in molecular quantum dots
Creators: name: Walczak, Kamil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The rate-equation approach is used to describe sequential tunneling through a molecular junction in the Coulomb blockade regime. Such device is composed of molecular quantum dot (with discrete energy levels) coupled with two metallic electrodes via potential barriers. Based on this model, we calculate nonlinear transport characteristics (conductance-voltage and current-voltage dependences) and compare them with the results obtained within a self-consistent field approach. It is shown that the shape of transport characteristics is determined by the combined effect of the electronic structure of molecular quantum dots and by the Coulomb blockade. In particular, the following phenomena are discussed in detail: the suppression of the current at higher voltages, the charging-induced rectification effect, the charging-generated changes of conductance gap, and the temperature-induced as well as broadening-generated smoothing of current steps.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures
A note on the holomorphic invariants of Tian-Zhu
Creators: name: Lu, Zhiqin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we compute the Tian-Zhu invariant on hypersurfaces of complex projective spaces.
Exploring the link between foreign investment and domestic wage theft
Creators: name: Barnes, Jacob
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2021

description: Wage theft, or the deprivation of legally mandated wages by an employer (Bobo, 2012), continues to be a pervasive issue within today’s workforce (Bernhardt et al., 2013; McNicholas et al., 2017; Weil, 2014). An emerging literature has attempted to estimate the incidence of wage theft in the U.S. and explain its prevalence (e.g., Bernhardt et al., 2009; Bernhardt et al., 2013; Ji & Weil, 2015). While scholars acknowledge the potential link between foreign investment and domestic wage theft (Bobo, 2012; Weil, 2014) and globalization has been linked empirically to individual perceptions of economic insecurity (Scheve & Slaughter, 2004) and domestic wage inequality (Keller & Olney, 2017), the relationship between foreign direct investment (FDI) by U.S. multinationals and domestic wage theft violations has yet to be empirically tested. Using 2009-16 data from the U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA) and Current Population Survey Merged Outgoing Rotation Groups (CPS-MORG), this study uses a series of random-intercept logistic regression models to test the relationship between industry level of outward foreign direct investment (FDI) and minimum wage violation rates. The results provide support for the negative relationship between industry level of outward FDI by U.S. multinationals and minimum wage violation rates across service industries; no significant relationship is found between outward FDI and minimum wage theft in goods-producing industries. Considerations for future research are discussed.
SPPL: Probabilistic Programming with Fast Exact Symbolic Inference
Creators: name: Saad, Feras A.
name: Rinard, Martin C.
name: Mansinghka, Vikash K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Symbolic Computation (cs.SC)
subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present the Sum-Product Probabilistic Language (SPPL), a new probabilistic programming language that automatically delivers exact solutions to a broad range of probabilistic inference queries. SPPL translates probabilistic programs into sum-product expressions, a new symbolic representation and associated semantic domain that extends standard sum-product networks to support mixed-type distributions, numeric transformations, logical formulas, and pointwise and set-valued constraints. We formalize SPPL via a novel translation strategy from probabilistic programs to sum-product expressions and give sound exact algorithms for conditioning on and computing probabilities of events. SPPL imposes a collection of restrictions on probabilistic programs to ensure they can be translated into sum-product expressions, which allow the system to leverage new techniques for improving the scalability of translation and inference by automatically exploiting probabilistic structure. We implement a prototype of SPPL with a modular architecture and evaluate it on benchmarks the system targets, showing that it obtains up to 3500x speedups over state-of-the-art symbolic systems on tasks such as verifying the fairness of decision tree classifiers, smoothing hidden Markov models, conditioning transformed random variables, and computing rare event probabilities.
Strings with a confining core in a Quark-Gluon Plasma
Creators: name: Layek, Biswanath
name: Mishra, Ananta P.
name: Srivastava, Ajit M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the intersection of N different interfaces interpolating between different $Z_N$ vacua of an SU(N) gauge theory using the Polyakov loop order parameter. Topological arguments show that at such a string-like junction, the order parameter should vanish, implying that the core of this string (i.e. the junction region of all the interfaces) is in the confining phase. Using the effective potential for the Polyakov loop proposed by Pisarski for QCD, we use numerical minimization technique and estimate the energy per unit length of the core of this string to be about 2.7 GeV/fm at a temperature about twice the critical temperature. For the parameters used, the interface tension is obtained to be about 7 GeV/fm$^2$. Lattice simulation of pure gauge theories should be able to investigate properties of these strings. For QCD with quarks, it has been discussed in the literature that this $Z_N$ symmetry may still be meaningful, with quark contributions leading to explicit breaking of this $Z_N$ symmetry. With this interpretation, such {\it QGP} strings may play important role in the evolution of the quark-gluon plasma phase and in the dynamics of quark-hadron transition.
description: 18 pages, 6 figures, RevTex
Vacuum Cherenkov radiation in Maxwell-Chern-Simons electrodynamics
Creators: name: Lehnert, R.
name: Potting, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the Cherenkov effect in the context of the Maxwell-Chern-Simons (MCS) limit of the Standard Model Extension. We present a method to determine the exact radiation rate for a point charge.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures, presented at the Third Meeting on CPT and Lorentz Symmetry, Bloomington, Indiana, August 2004
Novel protein engineering approaches for chemoenzymatic synthesis of glycan polymers
Creators: name: Bandi, Chandra Kanth
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2021

description: Glycans or carbohydrates are the most abundant class of biomolecules on the planet, but we are far from elucidating their role in the design and regulation of biological ecosystems spanning from organismal- to protein- level. Nearly every human cell-pathogen interaction and immune system related disorder or disease involves protein-glycan and glycan-glycan interactions at the molecular level. With the increase healthcare costs and greater emphasis by the pharmaceutical industry towards developing more effective biological drugs it becomes imperative to unravel the “glycan code”. Unfortunately, glycan synthesis is not template encoded and is the primary reason for the lack of efficient synthetic tools for widespread application. In nature, glycans are synthesized using membrane associated glycosyl transferases that are associated with several limitations including poor expression, solubility, and the need for expensive donor sugars for large scale synthesis. Alternatively, glycosyl hydrolases (GHs) can be reverse engineered and modulated to synthesize sugar polymers using their inherent transglycosylation property. However, transglycosylation pathway of GHs suffers from low yields because of enzyme’s natural preference towards competing water molecules leading to hydrolysis. Fortunately, protein engineering approaches such as rational engineering and directed evolution can address these challenges to shift the equilibrium towards transglycosylation. In this work, two protein engineering strategies that have been developed that can used engineer glycosyl hydrolysis for efficient glycan synthesis. The first approach is structure guided rational approach where a non-catalytic carbohydrate binding domain is fused to inactive GH family 5 enzymes to rescue the transglycosylation activity. The second approach is high throughput screening development to identify mutant variants that can synthesize glycan using azido-sugars. Here, an azide biosensing toolkit was developed that can be used for directed evolution based glycosynthase engineering. Both these engineering approaches can invariably be applied to many different glycosyl hydrolase families to generate potent transglycosidases.
Perturbative renormalization in parton distribution functions using Overlap fermions and Symanzik improved gluons
Creators: name: Ioannou, M.
name: Panagopoulos, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the 1-loop renormalization of the fermion self-energy, all local fermion bilinears, as well as a set of extended bilinears which form a basis corresponding to moments of the parton distribution functions. We use the overlap action for fermions and Symanzik improved action for gluons. Our results are presented as a function of the overlap parameter rho and the parameters entering the Symanzik action.
description: 14 pages, 10 figures, 7 tables. v2: Expanded introduction, further description of the calculation, adjusted notation, no changes in results. Version accepted in Physical Review D
Condenser capacity and hyperbolic diameter
Creators: name: Nasser, Mohamed M. S.
name: Rainio, Oona
name: Vuorinen, Matti
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 30C85, 31A15 (Primary) 65E10 (Secondary)

description: Given a compact connected set $E$ in the unit disk $\mathbb{B}^{2}$, we give a new upper bound for the conformal capacity of the condenser $(\mathbb{B}^{2}, E)$ in terms of the hyperbolic diameter $t$ of $E$. Moreover, for $t>0$, we construct a set of hyperbolic diameter $t$ and apply novel numerical methods to show that it has larger capacity than a hyperbolic disk with the same diameter. The set we construct is called a Reuleaux triangle in hyperbolic geometry and it has constant hyperbolic width equal to $t$.
description: 15 pages, 5 figures
The Rare Decay K^+ -> pi^+ nu nubar at the Next-to-Next-to-Leading Order in QCD
Creators: name: Buras, A. J.
name: Gorbahn, M.
name: Haisch, U.
name: Nierste, U.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the charm quark contribution to the rare decay K+ -> pi+ nu anti-nu in the next-to-next-to-leading order of QCD. This new contribution reduces the theoretical uncertainty in the relevant parameter Pc from +/- 10.1% down to +/- 2.4%, corresponding to scale uncertainties of +/- 1.3%, +/- 1.0%, +/- 0.006 and +/- 1.2 degrees in BR(K+ -> pi+ nu anti-nu) and in |V_td|, sin(2 beta) and gamma extracted from the K -> pi nu anti-nu system. The error in Pc = 0.37 +/- 0.04 is now fully dominated by the current uncertainty of +/- 3.8% in the charm quark mass mc. We find BR(K+ -> pi+ nu anti-nu) = (8.0 +/- 1.1) * 10^-11, where the quoted error stems almost entirely from the present uncertainties in mc and the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa elements.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures; Note added concerning the erroneous treatment of anomalous triangle diagrams. The associated numerical effect is negligible
The log term of Szego Kernel
Creators: name: Lu, Zhiqin
name: Tian, Gang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we study the relations between the log term of the Szegö kernel of the unit circle bundle of the dual line bundle of an ample line bundle over a compact Kählermanifold. We proved a local rigidity theorem. The result is related to the classical Ramadanov Conjecture.
description: We corrected a typo in the title in this version
A thermal form factor series for the longitudinal two-point function of the Heisenberg-Ising chain in the antiferromagnetic massive regime
Creators: name: Babenko, Constantin
name: Göhmann, Frank
name: Kozlowski, Karol K.
name: Suzuki, Junji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the longitudinal dynamical two-point function of the XXZ quantum spin chain in the antiferromagnetic massive regime. It has a series representation based on the form factors of the quantum transfer matrix of the model. The $n$th summand of the series is a multiple integral accounting for all $n$-particle $n$-hole excitations of the quantum transfer matrix. In previous works the expressions for the form factor amplitudes appearing under the integrals were either again represented as multiple integrals or in terms of Fredholm determinants. Here we obtain a representation which reduces, in the zero-temperature limit, essentially to a product of two determinants of finite matrices whose entries are known special functions. This will facilitate the further analysis of the correlation function.
description: 61 pages, v2: typos corrected, discussion extended, references added and updated, version to appear in J. Math. Phys, v3: a few typos corrected
Effects of surface topography on organization of cells and extracellular matrix
Creators: name: Glass-Brudzinski, Jeanette
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The long-term success of an implant is governed to a large extent by its surface properties that will influence cell behaviour reflected in their migration, attachment, morphology, and proliferation. Also, the integration of the surrounding tissue around the implant is dependent on the reorganization of the surrounding E C M in a morphogenetic manner. It is of great importance to understand the interactions of cells with the implant surface, with the E C M , and with other cells so that failure of implanted devices can be avoided. This thesis examined the in vitro process of connective tissue reorganization and how it was affected by the topography of substratum using the following techniques: substrata micromachining, collagen gels as substrata, Light Microscopy, Polarized Light Microscopy (PSR stained collagen), Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy (PI stained nuclei), and Time Lapse Video Microscopy. This thesis measured the cell orientation on 6 types of surfaces: T C dish, smooth titanium, 30IP175S, 3G30P, 30G40P, and 30G175P grooved titanium. The effect of collagen matrix on cell orientation under three conditions (Control, CellGel, and Gel) was determined. Also, the effects of cell distribution within a gel on the gel contraction was examined. The distribution of cells between collagen and titanium surface under the CellGel and Gel conditions was compared. Gel penetration into grooves was determined. The following observations and conclusions were made. It appeared that collagen gel did not penetrate into the grooves of a grooved surface. In the absence of collagen gel, cells formed patchworks of parallel arrays on TC dish, smooth, and pitted surfaces. Cells aligned with the grooves on grooved surfaces. The presence of collagen matrix atop a stable culture (CellGel) disrupted the orientation of cells leading to a lesser alignment. The presence of collagen matrix around the cells (Gel), resulted in lowest level of alignment. The collagen fibers seemed to conform with the orientation of cells and also become aligned with the grooves. Orientation of cells within the three dimensional matrix was not affected by either the surface topography or the collagen fibers. Cells were found to be essential for the gel contraction. When most cells were found at the bottom of the gel throughout the experiments (CellGel) a thin sheet of "orthogonally" arranged fibers was formed after a period of 3-4 weeks. When cells were distributed throughout a matrix (Gel) a "Ring" of fibers was created. Cells were not only able to leave titanium surface and make new attachments with the overlaying matrix (CellGel) but also to leave a collagenous matrix and settle on titanium surface (Gel). The CellGel condition that leads to a production of a continuous sheet of "tissue" can be used to coat a device prior to implantation to improve a long term success of such a device.
Spatial Imaging and Mechanical Control of Spin Coherence in Strained GaAs Epilayers
Creators: name: Knotz, H.
name: Holleitner, A. W.
name: Stephens, J.
name: Myers, R. C.
name: Awschalom, D. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effect of uniaxial tensile strain on spin coherence in n-type GaAs epilayers is probed using time-resolved Kerr rotation, photoluminescence, and optically-detected nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopies. The bandgap, electron spin lifetime, electron g-factor, and nuclear quadrupole splitting are simultaneously imaged over millimeter scale areas of the epilayers for continuously varying values of strain. All-optical nuclear magnetic resonance techniques allow access to the strain induced nuclear quadrupolar resonance splitting in field regimes not easily addressable using conventional optically-detected nuclear magnetic resonance.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures
Kleine, Erwin; Boelens, Wim L.; Blankesteijn, H.R.; Hampe, Johann Christoph: Ökumenisches Modell Holland ...
Creators: name: Bintz, Helmut
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 19 Nr. 2 (1970): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 19, Heft 2
THE INFORMATIONAL ROLE OF COMMODITY PRICES IN FORMULATING MONETARY POLICY: A REEXAMINATION
Creators: name: Awokuse, Titus O.
name: Yang, Jian
name: Awokuse, Titus O.
name: Yang, Jian
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: commodity prices
subject: monetary policy
subject: causality

description: This paper reexamines the issue of whether commodity prices provide useful information for formulating monetary policy through the application of recent development in time series methodology developed by Toda and Yamamoto (1995). We found that commodity prices signals the future direction of the economy.
Active control of run-up noise from propeller aircraft
Creators: name: Germain, Pierre
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Engine run-ups are part of the regular maintenance schedule at Vancouver Airport. The noise generated by the run-ups propagates into neighbouring communities, disturbing the residents. This research focuses on controlling run-up noise from propeller aircraft. It is well known that passive control measures - such as aircraft enclosures and acoustic barriers - can only attenuate sound at high and mid frequencies. Conversely, Active Noise Control (ANC) a new technology involving using noise to reduce noise, is an inexpensive alternative to enclosures. Propeller aircraft generate tonal noise that is highly compatible with ANC . Tests on a Beechcraft 1900D found that the fundamental frequency of 112 Hz, as well as the first three harmonics, generated high noise levels in a community 3 km away from the run-up site. The insertion loss of an existing blast fence at the run-up site was measured, and found only to be efficient above 200 Hz. Computer simulations for different arrangements of ANC systems aimed at reducing run-up noise in residential areas were performed. Large triangular zones of local attenuation of 10 dB or more were obtained when 9 or more control channels were used. Increases of noise were predicted outside of these areas, but these were minimized as more control channels were employed. Using an ANC system in conjunction with a barrier, such as the existing blast fence, was shown to provide attenuation at all frequencies. ANC experiments were conducted in an anechoic chamber using 1 and 3 control channels. The fundamental and first harmonic of the Beechcraft 1900D noise were significantly attenuated with ANC. The experimental data correlated well with the theoretical predictions, validating the simulations. The results from both the computer simulations and experiments indicated the great potential of controlling run-up noise with multi-channel ANC systems. However, implementing a real ANC system at Vancouver Airport would require further evaluating the required size o f the quiet zone as well as selecting the number of control sources and the distance from the primary source to the control sources accordingly.
An observational determination of the evolving extragalactic background light from the multiwavelength HST/CANDELS survey in the Fermi and CTA era
Creators: name: Saldana-Lopez, Alberto
name: Domínguez, Alberto
name: Pérez-González, Pablo G.
name: Finke, Justin
name: Ajello, Marco
name: Primack, Joel R.
name: Paliya, Vaidehi S.
name: Desai, Abhishek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The diffuse extragalactic background light (EBL) is formed by ultraviolet (UV), optical, and infrared (IR) photons mainly produced by star formation processes over the history of the Universe, and contains essential information about galaxy evolution and cosmology. Here, we present a new determination of the evolving EBL spectral energy distribution using a novel approach purely based on galaxy data aiming to reduce current uncertainties on the higher redshifts and IR intensities. Our calculations use multiwavelength observations from the UV to the far-IR of a sample of approximately 150,000 galaxies detected up to $z\sim 6$ in the five fields of the Cosmic Assembly Near-Infrared Deep Extragalactic Legacy Survey (CANDELS) from the Hubble Space Telescope. This is one of the most comprehensive and deepest multi-wavelength galaxy datasets ever obtained. These unprecedented resources allow us to derive the overall EBL evolution up to $z\sim 6$ and its uncertainties. Our results agree with cosmic observables estimated from galaxy surveys and $γ$-ray attenuation such as monochromatic luminosity densities, including those in the far-IR, and star formation rate densities, also at the highest redshits. Optical depths from our EBL approximation, which will be robust at high redshifts and for $γ$ rays up to tens of TeV, will be reported in a companion paper.
description: 17 pages, 13 figures, 4 tables; accepted for publication in MNRAS on August 6, 2021. Online material available at https://www.ucm.es/blazars/ebl