cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A Labeling Task Design for Supporting Algorithmic Needs: Facilitating Worker Diversity and Reducing AI Bias
Creators: name: You, Jaeyoun
name: Park, Daemin
name: Song, Joo-yeong
name: Suh, Bongwon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Studies on supervised machine learning (ML) recommend involving workers from various backgrounds in training dataset labeling to reduce algorithmic bias. Moreover, sophisticated tasks for categorizing objects in images are necessary to improve ML performance, further complicating micro-tasks. This study aims to develop a task design incorporating the fair participation of people, regardless of their specific backgrounds or task's difficulty. By collaborating with 75 labelers from diverse backgrounds for 3 months, we analyzed workers' log-data and relevant narratives to identify the task's hurdles and helpers. The findings revealed that workers' decision-making tendencies varied depending on their backgrounds. We found that the community that positively helps workers and the machine's feedback perceived by workers could make people easily engaged in works. Hence, ML's bias could be expectedly mitigated. Based on these findings, we suggest an extended human-in-the-loop approach that connects labelers, machines, and communities rather than isolating individual workers.
description: 45 pages, 4 figures
Data structures for photoabsorption within the ExoMol project
Creators: name: Tennyson, Jonathan
name: Pezzella, Marco
name: Zhang, Jingxin
name: Yurchenko, Sergei N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ExoMol database currently provides comprehensive line lists for modelling the spectroscopic properties of molecules in hot atmospheres. Extending the spectral range of the data provided to ultraviolet (UV) wavelengths brings into play three processes not currently accounted for in the ExoMol data structure, namely photodissociation, which is an important chemical process in its own right,the opacity contribution due to continuum absorption and predissociation which can lead to significant and observable line broadening effects. Data structures are proposed which will allow these processes to be correctly captured and the (strong) temperature-dependent effects predicted for UV molecular photoabsorption in general and photodissociation in particular to be represented.
description: This version contains some minor corrections compared to the published version
Weyl-Cartan-Weitzenböck gravity through Lagrange multiplier
Creators: name: Haghani, Zahra
name: Harko, Tiberiu
name: Sepangi, Hamid Reza
name: Shahidi, Shahab
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider an extension of the Weyl-Cartan-Weitzenböck (WCW) and teleparallel gravity, in which the Weitzenböck condition of the exact cancellation of curvature and torsion in a Weyl-Cartan geometry is inserted into the gravitational action via a Lagrange multiplier. In the standard metric formulation of the WCW model, the flatness of the space-time is removed by imposing the Weitzenböck condition in the Weyl-Cartan geometry, where the dynamical variables are the space-time metric, the Weyl vector and the torsion tensor, respectively. However, once the Weitzenböck condition is imposed on the Weyl-Cartan space-time, the metric is not dynamical, and the gravitational dynamics and evolution is completely determined by the torsion tensor. We show how to resolve this difficulty, and generalize the WCW model, by imposing the Weitzenböck condition on the action of the gravitational field through a Lagrange multiplier. The gravitational field equations are obtained from the variational principle, and they explicitly depend on the Lagrange multiplier. As a particular model we consider the case of the Riemann-Cartan space-times with zero non-metricity, which mimics the teleparallel theory of gravity. The Newtonian limit of the model is investigated, and a generalized Poisson equation is obtained, with the weak field gravitational potential explicitly depending on the Lagrange multiplier and on the Weyl vector. The cosmological implications of the theory are also studied, and three classes of exact cosmological models are considered.
description: 13 pages, no figures; reference added; accepted for publication in PRD
Oryzomys buccinatus
Creators: name: Musser, Guy G.
name: Carleton, Michael D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Muridae
Oryzomys
Oryzomys buccinatus

description: Oryzomys buccinatus (Olfers, 1818). In Eschwege, J. Brasilien, Neue Bibliothek. Reisenb., 15:209. TYPE LOCALITY: Paraguay, Caraguatay Dept., 45 km east of Asunción, Atyra. DISTRIBUTION: E Paraguay and NE Argentina. SYNONYMS: angouya (of Desmarest, 1819), anguya. COMMENTS: Level of differentiation from O. subflavus of E Brazil requires study. Hershkovitz (1959a) mistakenly included O. ratticeps within O. buccinatus, but the two species co-occur in E Paraguay (Cabrera, 1961; Myers, 1982). As with other names based on Azara's (1801) characterizations, the clear fixation of this name to a species morphology and the proper usage of angouya Fischer, 1814, versus buccinatus Olfers, 1818, should be formally established.
description: Published as part of Guy G. Musser & Michael D. Carleton, 1993, Order Rodentia - Family Muridae, pp. 501-755 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 721, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353098
description: {"references": ["Hershkovitz, P. 1959 a. Nomenclature and taxonomy of the Neotropical mammals described by Olfers, 1818. Journal of Mammalogy, 40: 337 - 353.", "Myers, P. 1982. Origins and affinities of the mammal fauna of Paraguay. Special Publication Series, Pymatuning Laboratory of Ecology, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 6: 85 - 93.", "Azara, F., de. 1801. Essais sur l'histoire naturelle des quadrupedes de la province du Paraguay. Traduits sur le manuscrit inedit de l'auteur, Pra. M. L. E. Moreau-Saint-Mery. Charles Pougens, Paris, 1: 1 - 366; 2: 1 - 499.", "Olfers, I. von. 1818. Bemerkungen zu Illiger's Ueberblick der Saugthiere nach ihrer Vertheilung uber die Welttheile, rucksichtich der Sudamericanischen Arten (Species). Abhandlung X in W. L. von Eschwege, Journal von Brasilien, odor vermischte Nachrichten aus Brasilien, auf wissenschaftlichen Reisen gesammelt. Heft 2 in F. Bertuch (ed.), Neue Bibliothek der wichtigsten Reisebeschreibungen zur Erweiterung der Erd- und Volkerkunde, Band 15: 192 - 237. Weimar."]}
Isospin dependence of entrainment in superfluid neutron stars in a relativistic model
Creators: name: Kheto, Apurba
name: Bandyopadhyay, Debades
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the entrainment effect between superfluid neutrons and charge neutral fluid (called the proton fluid) which is made of protons and electrons in neutron star interior within the two fluid formalism and using a relativistic model where baryon-baryon interaction is mediated by the exchange of $σ$, $ω$ and $ρ$ mesons. This model of strong interaction also includes scalar self interactions. The entrainment matrix and entrainment parameter are calculated using the parameter sets of Glendenning (GL) and another non-linear (NL3) interaction. The inclusion of $ρ$ mesons strongly influences the entrainment parameter ($ε_{mom}$) in a superfluid neutron star. The entrainment parameter is constant at the core and drops rapidly at the surface. It takes values within the physical range.
description: 26 pages, 9 figures; revised version with new results and figures
Bias Analysis of Spatial Coherence-Based RTF Vector Estimation for Acoustic Sensor Networks in a Diffuse Sound Field
Creators: name: Middelberg, Wiebke
name: Doclo, Simon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In many multi-microphone algorithms, an estimate of the relative transfer functions (RTFs) of the desired speaker is required. Recently, a computationally efficient RTF vector estimation method was proposed for acoustic sensor networks, assuming that the spatial coherence (SC) of the noise component between a local microphone array and multiple external microphones is low. Aiming at optimizing the output signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), this method linearly combines multiple RTF vector estimates, where the complex-valued weights are computed using a generalized eigenvalue decomposition (GEVD). In this paper, we perform a theoretical bias analysis for the SC-based RTF vector estimation method with multiple external microphones. Assuming a certain model for the noise field, we derive an analytical expression for the weights, showing that the optimal model-based weights are real-valued and only depend on the input SNR in the external microphones. Simulations with real-world recordings show a good accordance of the GEVD-based and the model-based weights. Nevertheless, the results also indicate that in practice, estimation errors occur which the model-based weights cannot account for.
Anticipating Accidents through Reasoned Simulation
Creators: name: Innes, Craig
name: Ireland, Andrew
name: Lin, Yuhui
name: Ramamoorthy, Subramanian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: A key goal of the System-Theoretic Process Analysis (STPA) hazard analysis technique is the identification of loss scenarios - causal factors that could potentially lead to an accident. We propose an approach that aims to assist engineers in identifying potential loss scenarios that are associated with flawed assumptions about a system's intended operational environment. Our approach combines aspects of STPA with formal modelling and simulation. Currently, we are at a proof-of-concept stage and illustrate the approach using a case study based upon a simple car door locking system. In terms of the formal modelling, we use Extended Logic Programming (ELP) and on the simulation side, we use the CARLA simulator for autonomous driving. We make use of the problem frames approach to requirements engineering to bridge between the informal aspects of STPA and our formal modelling.
description: 11 pages
Technical requirements for real-time traffic detection and dynamic infrastructure measures for safer behaviour
Creators: name: Berghaus, Jan Moritz
name: Fazekas, Adrian
name: Oeser, Markus
Publisher: name: RWTH Aachen University
Year: 2020

description: Rethinking transport - towards clean and inclusive mobility : proceedings of TRA2020, the 8th Transport Research Arena / Toni Lusikka, (ed.) ; hosted and organised by Finnish Transport and Communications Agency, Ministry of Transport and Communications, Finnish Transport Infrastructure Agency, Business Finland, VTT ; co-organised by European Commission 8th Transport Research Arena, TRA 2020, , cancelled; [Finnland] : Finnish Transport and Communications Agency Traficom, Traficom research reports 7, 1115, 253-253 (2020). doi:10.18154/RWTH-2021-02658
description: Published by Finnish Transport and Communications Agency Traficom, [Finnland]
Quantum Kerr Learning
Creators: name: Liu, Junyu
name: Zhong, Changchun
name: Otten, Matthew
name: Chandra, Anirban
name: Cortes, Cristian L.
name: Ti, Chaoyang
name: Gray, Stephen K
name: Han, Xu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Quantum machine learning is a rapidly evolving field of research that could facilitate important applications for quantum computing and also significantly impact data-driven sciences. In our work, based on various arguments from complexity theory and physics, we demonstrate that a single Kerr mode can provide some "quantum enhancements" when dealing with kernel-based methods. Using kernel properties, neural tangent kernel theory, first-order perturbation theory of the Kerr non-linearity, and non-perturbative numerical simulations, we show that quantum enhancements could happen in terms of convergence time and generalization error. Furthermore, we make explicit indications on how higher-dimensional input data could be considered. Finally, we propose an experimental protocol, that we call \emph{quantum Kerr learning}, based on circuit QED.
description: 20 pages, many figures. v2: significant updates, author added
Superfluid phases of spin-1 bosons in cubic optical lattice
Creators: name: Mobarak, Mohamed
name: Pelster, Axel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze theoretically the emergence of different superfluid phases of spin-1 bosons in a three-dimensional cubic optical lattice by generalizing the recently developed Ginzburg-Landau theory for the Bose-Hubbard model to a spinor Bose gas. In particular at zero temperature, our theory distinguishes within its validity range between various superfluid phases for an anti-ferromagnetic interaction with an external magnetic field. In addition, we determine that the superfluid-Mott insulator phase transition is of second order and that the transitions between the respective superfluid phases with anti-ferromagnetic interaction can be both of first and second order.
description: Laser Physics Letters 10, 115501(2013)
Protected Gapless Edge States In Trivial Topology
Creators: name: Chen, Yun-Chung
name: Lin, Yu-Ping
name: Kao, Ying-Jer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bulk-boundary correspondence serves as an important feature of the strong topological insulators, including Chern insulators and $Z_2$ topological insulators. Under nontrivial band topology, the protected gapless edge states correspond to the Wannier obstruction or Wilson-loop winding in the bulk. Recent studies show that the bulk topological features may not imply the existence of protected gapless edge states. Here we address the opposite question: Does the existence of protected gapless edge states necessarily imply the Wannier obstruction or Wilson-loop winding? We provide an example where the protected gapless edge states arise without the aforementioned bulk topological features. This trivialized topological insulator belongs to a new class of systems with non-delta-like Wannier functions. Interestingly, the gapless edge states are not protected by the crystalline symmetry; instead the protection originates from the mirror antisymmetry, a combination of chiral and mirror symmetries. Although the protected gapless edge states cannot be captured by the bulk topological features, they can be characterized by the spectral flow in the entanglement spectrum.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
KDG 64: a large dwarf spheroidal or a small ultradiffuse satellite of Messier 81
Creators: name: Afanasiev, Anton V.
name: Chilingarian, Igor V.
name: Grishin, Kirill A.
name: Makarov, Dmitry
name: Makarova, Lidia
name: Fabricant, Daniel
name: Caldwell, Nelson
name: Moran, Sean
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Low-mass early-type galaxies, including dwarf spheroidals (dSph) and brighter dwarf ellipticals (dE), dominate the galaxy population in groups and clusters. Recently, an additional early-type population of more extended ultradiffuse galaxies (UDGs) has been identified, sparking a discussion on the potential morphological and evolutionary connections between the three classifications. Here, we present the first measurements of spatially resolved stellar kinematics from deep integrated-light spectra of KDG 64 (UGC 5442), a large dSph galaxy in the M 81 group. From these data, we infer stellar population properties and dark matter halo parameters using Jeans dynamical modelling. We find an old, metal-poor stellar population with no young stars and a dark matter mass fraction of ~ 90 per cent within the half-light radius. These properties and the position of KDG 64 on the Fundamental Plane indicate that it is a local analogue of smaller UDGs in the Coma and Virgo clusters and is probably a transitional dSph-UDG object. Its evolutionary path cannot be uniquely established from the existing data, but we argue that supernovae feedback and tidal heating played key roles in shaping KDG 64.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures, published in MNRAS
Heterogeneous Delays in Neural Networks
Creators: name: Cakan, Caglar
name: Lehnert, Judith
name: Schöll, Eckehard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We investigate heterogeneous coupling delays in complex networks of excitable elements described by the FitzHugh-Nagumo model. The effects of discrete as well as of uni- and bimodal continuous distributions are studied with a focus on different topologies, i.e., regular, small-world, and random networks. In the case of two discrete delay times resonance effects play a major role: Depending on the ratio of the delay times, various characteristic spiking scenarios, such as coherent or asynchronous spiking, arise. For continuous delay distributions different dynamical patterns emerge depending on the width of the distribution. For small distribution widths, we find highly synchronized spiking, while for intermediate widths only spiking with low degree of synchrony persists, which is associated with traveling disruptions, partial amplitude death, or subnetwork synchronization, depending sensitively on the network topology. If the inhomogeneity of the coupling delays becomes too large, global amplitude death is induced.
Oryzomys chapmani Thomas 1898
Creators: name: Musser, Guy G.
name: Carleton, Michael D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Muridae
Oryzomys
Oryzomys chapmani

description: Oryzomys chapmani Thomas, 1898. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 7, 1:179. TYPE LOCALITY: Mexico, Veracruz, Jalapa, 4400 ft. DISTRIBUTION: Cloud forest elevations of Cordillera Oriental (Tamaulipas to Veracruz), Sistema Montanosa (N Oaxaca), and Sierra Madre del Sur (S Oaxaca and Guerrero), Mexico. SYNONYMS: caudatus, dilutior, guerrerensis, huastecae. COMMENTS: Relegated to a subspecies of O. alfaroi by Goldman (1918). Goodwin (1969) recognized caudatus as distinct from O. alfaroi in N Oaxaca, but, as earlier arranged by Merriam (1901), O. chapmani has priority for this Mexican species. We view O. saturatior as the vicariant relative of O. chapmani (revision in progress). Karyotype reported, as O. caudatus, by Haiduk et al. (1979).
description: Published as part of Guy G. Musser & Michael D. Carleton, 1993, Order Rodentia - Family Muridae, pp. 501-755 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 721, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353098
description: {"references": ["Goldman, E. A. 1918. The rice rats of North America (Genus Oryzomys). North American Fauna, 43: 1 - 100.", "Goodwin, G. G. 1969. Mammals from the state of Oaxaca, Mexico, in the American Museum of Natural History. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 141: 1 - 269.", "Haiduk, M. W., J. W. Bickham, and D. J. Schmidly. 1979. Karyotypes of six species of Oryzomys from Mexico and Central America. Journal of Mammalogy, 60: 610 - 615."]}
Diffraction Phenomena in Time-varying Metal-based Metasurfaces
Creators: name: Alex-Amor, Antonio
name: Moreno-Rodriguez, Salvador
name: Padilla, Pablo
name: Valenzuela-Valdes, Juan F.
name: Molero, Carlos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper presents an analytical framework for the analysis of time-varying metal-based metamaterials. Concretely, we particularize the study to time-modulated metal-air interfaces embedded between two different semi-infinite media that are illuminated by monochromatic plane waves of frequency $ω_0$. The formulation is based on a Floquet-Bloch modal expansion, which takes into account the time periodicity of the structure ($T_s = 2π/ ω_s)$, and integral-equation techniques. It allows to extract the reflection/transmission coefficients as well as to derive nontrivial features about the dynamic response and dispersion curves of time-modulated metal-based screens. In addition, the proposed formulation has an associated analytical equivalent circuit that gives physical insight to the diffraction phenomenon. Similarities and differences between space- and time-modulated metamaterials are discussed via the proposed circuit model. Finally, some analytical results are presented to validate the present framework. A good agreement is observed with numerical computations provided by a self-implemented finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method. Interestingly, the present results suggest that time-modulated metal-based screens can be used as pulsed sources (when $ω_s \ll ω_0$), beamformers ($ω_s \sim ω_0$) to redirect energy in specific regions of space, and analog samplers ($ω_s \gg ω_0$).
Comparative study of charge order in undoped infinite-layer nickelate superconductors
Creators: name: Shen, Yang
name: Qin, Mingpu
name: Zhang, Guang-Ming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To understand the microscopic mechanism of the charge order observed in the parent compound of the infinite-layer nickelate superconductors, we consider a minimal three-legged model consisting of a two-legged Hubbard ladder for the Ni $3d_{x^2-y^2}$ electrons and a free conduction electron chain from the rare-earths. With highly accurate density matrix renormalization group calculations, when the chemical potential difference is adjusted to make the Hubbard ladder with $1/3$ hole doping, we find a long-range charge order with period $3$ in the ground state of the model, while the spin excitation has a small energy gap. Moreover, the electron pair-pair correlation has a quasi-long-range behavior, indicating an instability of superconductivity even at half-filling. As a comparison, the same method is applied to a pure two-legged Hubbard model with $1/3$ hole doping in which the period-3 charge order is a quasi-long range one. The difference between them demonstrates that the free electron chain of the three-legged ladder plays the role of a charge reservoir and enhances the charge order in the undoped infinite-layer nickelates.
description: 9 pages, 10 figures
Multiwavelength Observations of the SS 433 Jets
Creators: name: Marshall, Herman L.
name: Canizares, Claude R.
name: Hillwig, Todd
name: Mioduszewski, Amy
name: Rupen, Michael
name: Schulz, Norbert S.
name: Nowak, Michael
name: Heinz, Sebastian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present observations of the SS 433 jets using the Chandra High Energy Transmission Grating Spectrometer with contemporaneous optical and VLBA observations. The X-ray and optical emission line regions are found to be related but not coincident as the optical line emission persists for days while the X-ray emission lines fade in less than 5000 s. The line Doppler shifts from the optical and X-ray lines match well, indicating that they are less than 3e14 cm apart. The jet Doppler shifts show aperiodic variations that could result from shocks in interactions with the local environment. These perturbations are consistent with a change in jet direction but not jet speed. The proper motions of the radio knots match the kinematic model only if the distance to SS 433 is 4.5 +/- 0.2 kpc. Observations during eclipse show that the occulted emission is very hard, seen only above 2 keV and rising to comprise >50% of the flux at 8 keV. The soft X-ray emission lines from the jet are not blocked, constraining the jet length to >~ 2e12 cm. The base jet density is in the range 1e(10-13)/cm^3, in contrast to our previous estimate based on the Si XIII triplet, which is likely to have been affected by UV de-excitation. There is a clear overabundance of Ni by a factor of about 10 relative to the solar value, which may have resulted from an unusual supernova that formed the compact object.
description: 38 pages, 14 figures, accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
Dynamical Modeling of NGC 6809: Selecting the best model using Bayesian Inference
Creators: name: Diakogiannis, Foivos I.
name: Lewis, Geraint F.
name: Ibata, Rodrigo A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The precise cosmological origin of globular clusters remains uncertain, a situation hampered by the struggle of observational approaches in conclusively identifying the presence, or not, of dark matter in these systems. In this paper, we address this question through an analysis of the particular case of NGC 6809. While previous studies have performed dynamical modeling of this globular cluster using a small number of available kinematic data, they did not perform appropriate statistical inference tests for the choice of best model description; such statistical inference for model selection is important since, in general, different models can result in significantly different inferred quantities. With the latest kinematic data, we use Bayesian inference tests for model selection and thus obtain the best fitting models, as well as mass and dynamic mass-to-light ratio estimates. For this, we introduce a new likelihood function that provides more constrained distributions for the defining parameters of dynamical models. Initially we consider models with a known distribution function, and then model the cluster using solutions of the spherically symmetric Jeans equation; this latter approach depends upon the mass density profile and anisotropy $β$ parameter. In order to find the best description for the cluster we compare these models by calculating their Bayesian evidence. We find smaller mass and dynamic mass-to-light ratio values than previous studies, with the best fitting Michie model for a constant mass-to-light ratio of $Υ= 0.90^{+0.14}_{-0.14}$ and $M_{\text{dyn}}=6.10^{+0.51}_{-0.88} \times 10^4 M_{\odot}$. We exclude the significant presence of dark matter throughout the cluster, showing that no physically motivated distribution of dark matter can be present away from the cluster core.
description: 12 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Spectral correlation between surface-enhanced resonant Raman and far field scattering destructed by dipole quadrupole coupled plasmon resonance
Creators: name: Itoh, Tamitake
name: Yamamoto, Yuko S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spectral relationships between surface enhanced resonant Raman scattering (SERRS) and plasmon resonance observed in far field scattering cross are investigated using single silver nanoparticle dimers with focusing on the lowest energy (superradiant) plasmon resonance. We find that these relationships can be classified into two types. The first is SERRS spectral envelopes with spectral shapes similar to those of plasmon resonance spectra. The second is SERRS envelopes exhibiting higher energy shifts from the plasmon resonance spectra. These results are examined as an effect of degree of morphological asymmetry in dimers based on an electromagnetic (EM) mechanism. The analysis of the first and second types reveals that dipole-dipole and dipole-quadrupole coupled plasmon resonance (subradiant Fano resonance) respectively determine the EM enhancement. This mechanism is commonly important for the development of plasmonic nanostructures for various surface enhanced spectroscopies.
description: 43 pages, 15 figures
Selecting Efficient Cluster Resources for Data Analytics: When and How to Allocate for In-Memory Processing?
Creators: name: Will, Jonathan
name: Thamsen, Lauritz
name: Scheinert, Dominik
name: Kao, Odej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: C.2.4; C.4; I.2.8; H.2.8; H.2.4

description: Distributed dataflow systems such as Apache Spark or Apache Flink enable parallel, in-memory data processing on large clusters of commodity hardware. Consequently, the appropriate amount of memory to allocate to the cluster is a crucial consideration. In this paper, we analyze the challenge of efficient resource allocation for distributed data processing, focusing on memory. We emphasize that in-memory processing with in-memory data processing frameworks can undermine resource efficiency. Based on the findings of our trace data analysis, we compile requirements towards an automated solution for efficient cluster resource allocation.
description: 4 pages, 3 Figures; ACM SSDBM 2023
Oryzomys devius Bangs 1902
Creators: name: Musser, Guy G.
name: Carleton, Michael D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Muridae
Oryzomys
Oryzomys devius

description: Oryzomys devius Bangs, 1902. Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 39:34. TYPE LOCALITY: Panama, Chiriqui Prov., Volcan de Chiriqui, Boquete, 5000 ft. DISTRIBUTION: Highlands of Costa Rica and westernmost Panama. COMMENTS: Maintained as a species until relegated to synonymy under O. albigularis by Handley (1966a), emulating the treatment of South American albigularis-like forms by Cabrera (1961). Gardner (1983a), however, continued to rank devius as a species. The status of devius must be evaluated within a revisionary context of the entire albigularis complex.
description: Published as part of Guy G. Musser & Michael D. Carleton, 1993, Order Rodentia - Family Muridae, pp. 501-755 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 722, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353098
description: {"references": ["Handley, C. O., Jr. 1966 a. Checklist of the mammals of Panama. Pp. 753 - 795, in Ectoparasites of Panama, (R. L. Wenzel and V. J. Tipton, eds.). Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, 861 pp.", "Gardner, A. L. 1983 a. Oryzomys caliginosus (raton pardo, raton arrocero pardo, Costa Rican dusky rice rat). Pp. 483 - 485, in Costa Rican natural history (D. H. Janzen, ed.). University of Chicago Press, Chicago, IL, 816 pp."]}
Strongly enhanced pair production in combined high- and low-frequency laser fields
Creators: name: Jansen, Martin J. A.
name: Müller, Carsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Production of particle-antiparticle pairs by a high-energy probe photon propagating through a high-intensity laser field is considered in the nonperturbative interaction regime. The laser field consists of a strong low-frequency and a weak high-frequency component. While for each component alone photoproduction of pairs is strongly suppressed, we show that their combination can largely amplify the pair production probability by facilitating to bridge the energetic barrier of the process. Our predictions can be tested by utilizing presently available high-intensity laser devices.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Small-scale clumping of dark matter and the mean free path of ionizing photons at $z=6$
Creators: name: Cain, Christopher
name: D'Aloisio, Anson
name: Irsic, Vid
name: Gangolli, Nakul
name: Dhami, Sanya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, the mean free path of ionizing photons in the $z = 6$ intergalactic medium (IGM) was measured to be very short, presenting a challenge to existing reionization models. At face value, the measurement can be interpreted as evidence that the IGM clumps on scales $M\lesssim 10^8$ M$_\odot$, a key but largely untested prediction of the cold dark matter (CDM) paradigm. Motivated by this possibility, we study the role that the underlying dark matter cosmology plays in setting the $z > 5$ mean free path. We use two classes of models to contrast against the standard CDM prediction: (1) thermal relic warm dark matter (WDM), representing models with suppressed small-scale power; (2) an ultralight axion exhibiting a white noise-like power enhancement. Differences in the mean free path between the WDM and CDM models are subdued by pressure smoothing and the possible contribution of neutral islands to the IGM opacity. For example, comparing late reionization scenarios with a fixed volume-weighted mean neutral fraction of $20\%$ at $z=6$, the mean free path is $19~(45)~\%$ longer in a WDM model with $m_x = 3~(1)$ keV. The enhanced power in the axion-like model produces better agreement with the short mean free path measured at $z = 6$. However, drawing robust conclusions about cosmology is hampered by large uncertainties in the reionization process, extragalactic ionizing background, and thermal history of the Universe. This work highlights some key open questions about the IGM opacity during reionization.
description: 23 pages, 11 figures
Optimal sensor placement for reconstructing wind pressure field around buildings using compressed sensing
Creators: name: Luo, Xihaier
name: Kareem, Ahsan
name: Yoo, Shinjae
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Deciding how to optimally deploy sensors in a large, complex, and spatially extended structure is critical to ensure that the surface pressure field is accurately captured for subsequent analysis and design. In some cases, reconstruction of missing data is required in downstream tasks such as the development of digital twins. This paper presents a data-driven sparse sensor selection algorithm, aiming to provide the most information contents for reconstructing aerodynamic characteristics of wind pressures over tall building structures parsimoniously. The algorithm first fits a set of basis functions to the training data, then applies a computationally efficient QR algorithm that ranks existing pressure sensors in order of importance based on the state reconstruction to this tailored basis. The findings of this study show that the proposed algorithm successfully reconstructs the aerodynamic characteristics of tall buildings from sparse measurement locations, generating stable and optimal solutions across a range of conditions. As a result, this study serves as a promising first step toward leveraging the success of data-driven and machine learning algorithms to supplement traditional genetic algorithms currently used in wind engineering.
description: 31 pages, 19 figures
Gravitational Waves from Current-Carrying Cosmic Strings
Creators: name: Auclair, Pierre
name: Blasi, Simone
name: Brdar, Vedran
name: Schmitz, Kai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cosmic strings are predicted by many Standard Model extensions involving the cosmological breaking of a symmetry with nontrivial first homotopy group and represent a potential source of primordial gravitational waves (GWs). Present efforts to model the GW signal from cosmic strings are often based on minimal models, such as, eg, the Nambu--Goto action that describes cosmic strings as exactly one-dimensional objects without any internal structure. In order to arrive at more realistic predictions, it is therefore necessary to consider nonminimal models that make an attempt at accounting for the microscopic properties of cosmic strings. With this goal in mind, we derive in this paper the GW spectrum emitted by current-carrying cosmic strings (CCCSs), which may form in a variety of cosmological scenarios. Our analysis is based on a generalized version of the velocity-dependent one-scale (VOS) model, which, in addition to the mean velocity and correlation length of the string network, also describes the evolution of a chiral (light-like) current. As we are able to show, the solutions of the VOS equations imply a temporarily growing fractional cosmic-string energy density, $Ω_{\rm cs}$. This results in an enhanced GW signal across a broad frequency interval, whose boundaries are determined by the times of generation and decay of cosmic-string currents. Our findings have important implications for GW experiments in the Hz to MHz band and motivate the construction of realistic particle physics models that give rise to large currents on cosmic strings.
description: 18 pages, 7 figures, 2 tables, matches published version
Quantum tricriticality at the superfluid-insulator transition of binary Bose mixtures
Creators: name: Kato, Yasuyuki
name: Yamamoto, Daisuke
name: Danshita, Ippei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum criticality near a tricritical point (TCP) is studied in the two-component Bose-Hubbard model on square lattices. The existence of quantum TCP on a boundary of superfluid-insulator transition is confirmed by quantum Monte Carlo simulations. Moreover, we analytically derive the quantum tricritical behaviors on the basis of an effective field theory. We find two significant features of the quantum tricriticality, that are the chemical potential dependence of the superfluid transition temperature and a strong density fluctuation. We suggest that these features are directly observable in existing experimental setups of Bose-Bose mixtures in optical lattices.
description: 5+10 pages, 5 figures
Convergence properties of symmetrization processes
Creators: name: Ulivelli, Jacopo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Steiner symmetrization is well known for its rounding and general convergence properties. We identify a whole family of symmetrizations sharing analogue behaviors: In fact we prove that all these symmetrizations share the same converging symmetrization processes, together with some pathological phenomena.
Oryzomys dimidiatus
Creators: name: Musser, Guy G.
name: Carleton, Michael D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Muridae
Oryzomys
Oryzomys dimidiatus

description: Oryzomys dimidiatus (Thomas, 1905). Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 7, 15:586. TYPE LOCALITY: Nicaragua, Zelaya Dept., Rio Escondido, 7 mi below Rama. DISTRIBUTION: SE Nicaragua. COMMENTS: Described as a species of Nectomys and included therein as incertae sedis by Hershkovitz (1944). Later designated as the type species of Micronectomys, subgenus Oryzomys, by Hershkovitz (19486), who afterwards (1970b) acknowledged the taxon as an nomen nudum (also see Pine and Wetzel, 1975:653). Morphological features resemble those of the O. couesi-palustris complex (Hershkovitz, 1970b). Only two specimens known (see Jones and Engstrom, 1986).
description: Published as part of Guy G. Musser & Michael D. Carleton, 1993, Order Rodentia - Family Muridae, pp. 501-755 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 722, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353098
description: {"references": ["Hershkovitz, P. 1944. Systematic review of the Neotropical water rats of the genus Nectomys (Cricetinae). Miscellaneous Publications, Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan, 58: 1 - 101.", "Pine, R. H., and R. M. Wetzel. 1975. A new subspecies of Pseudoryzomys wavrini (Mammalia: Rodentia: Muridae: Cricetinae) from Bolivia. Mammalia, 39: 649 - 655.", "Hershkovitz, P. 1970 b. Supplementary notes on Neotropical Oryzomys dimidiatus and Oryzomys hammondi (Cricetinae). Journal of Mammalogy, 51: 789 - 794.", "Jones, J. K., Jr., and M. D. Engstrom. 1986. Synopsis of the rice rats (genus Oryzomys) of Nicaragua. Occasional Papers, The Museum, Texas Tech University, 103: 1 - 23."]}
ExoMol line lists -- L: High-resolution line lists of H$_3^+$, H$_2$D$^+$, D$_2$H$^+$ and D$_3^+$
Creators: name: Bowesman, Charles A.
name: Mizus, Irina I.
name: Zobov, Nikolay F.
name: Polyansky, Oleg L.
name: Sarka, Janos
name: Poirier, Bill
name: Pezzella, Marco
name: Yurchenko, Sergei N.
name: Tennyson, Jonathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: New MiZo line lists are presented for the D$_2$H$^+$ and D$_3^+$ isotopologues of H$_3^+$. These line lists plus the existing H$_3^+$ MiZATeP and the Sochi H$_2$D$^+$ line lists are updated using empirical energy levels generated using the MARVEL procedure for H$_3^+$, H$_2$D$^+$ and D$_2$H$^+$, and effective Hamiltonian energies for D$_3^+$ for which there is significantly less laboratory data available. These updates allow accurate frequencies for far infrared lines for these species to be predicted. Assignments of the energy levels of H$_3^+$ and D$_3^+$ are extended using a combination of high accuracy variational calculations and analysis of transition intensities. All line lists are made available via www.exomol.com.
Spin-Textured Neutron Beams with Orbital Angular Momentum
Creators: name: Thien, Quan Le
name: McKay, Sam
name: Pynn, Roger
name: Ortiz, Gerardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a rigorous theoretical framework underpinning the technique of spin-echo modulated small-angle neutron scattering (SEMSANS), and show how the technique can be extended in order to generate spin-textured neutron beams with orbital angular momentum (OAM) via birefringent neutron spin-polarization devices known as magnetic Wollaston prisms. Neutron OAM beams are mathematically characterized by a ``cork-screw'' phase singularity $e^{i \ell ϕ}$ about the propagation axis where $\ell$ is the OAM quantum number. To understand the precise relationship between the emergent OAM state and the variety of spin textures realized by various setups, we have developed a path-integral approach that in the interferometric limit makes a judicious use of magnetic Snell's law. We show that our proposed technique produces a complex two-dimensional pattern of spin-OAM entangled states which may be useful as a probe of quantum magnetic materials. We compare our path-integral approach to the well-known single-path Larmor precession model and present a pedagogical derivation of magnetic Snell's law of refraction for both massive and massless particles based on Maupertuis's action principle.
description: 23 pages, 7 figures, Physical Review B
Oryzomys galapagoensis
Creators: name: Musser, Guy G.
name: Carleton, Michael D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Muridae
Oryzomys
Oryzomys galapagoensis

description: Oryzomys galapagoensis (Waterhouse, 1839). Zool. Voy. H. M. S. "Beagle," Mammalia, p. 66. TYPE LOCALITY: Ecuador, Galapagos Islands, Chatham Island. DISTRIBUTION: San Cristobal (= Chatham) and Sante Fe (= Barrington) islands. SYNONYMS: bauri. COMMENTS: Cabrera (1961) assigned bauri as a synonym of O. galapagoensis, an action more fully documented by Patton and Hafner (1983). Related to Oryzomys xantheolus complex on mainland South America (Gardner and Patton, 1976; Patton and Hafner, 1983). Extirpated from San Cristobal Isl but populations (O. g. bauri) still inhabit Sante Fe Isl (see Patton and Hafner, 1983).
description: Published as part of Guy G. Musser & Michael D. Carleton, 1993, Order Rodentia - Family Muridae, pp. 501-755 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 722, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353098
description: {"references": ["Patton, J. L., and M. S. Hafner. 1983. Biosystematics of the native rodents of the Galapagos Archipelago, Ecuador. Pp. 539 - 568, in Patterns of evolution in Galapagos organisms (R. I. Bowman, M. Benson, and A. E. Leviton, eds.). American Association for the Advancement of Science, Pacific Division, San Francisco, CA, 568 pp.", "Gardner, A. L., and J. L. Patton. 1976. Karyotypic variation in oryzomyine rodents (Cricetinae) with comments on chromosomal evolution in the Neotropical cricetine complex. Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology, Louisiana State University, 49: 1 - 48."]}
A possible extension to the RInChI as a means of providing machine readable process data
Creators: name: Jacob, Philipp-Maximilian
name: Lan, T
name: Goodman, Jonathan
name: Lapkin, Alexei
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2017

description: The algorithmic, large-scale use and analysis of reaction databases such as Reaxys is currently hindered by the absence of widely adopted standards for publishing reaction data in machine readable formats. Crucial data such as yields of all products or stoichiometry are frequently not explicitly stated in the published papers and, hence, not reported in the database entry for those reactions, limiting their usefulness for algorithmic analysis. This paper presents a possible extension to the IUPAC RInChI standard via an auxiliary layer, termed $\textit{ProcAuxInfo}$, which is a standardised, extensible form in which to report certain key reaction parameters such as declaration of all products and reactants as well as auxiliaries known in the reaction, reaction stoichiometry, amounts of substances used, conversion, yield and operating conditions. The standard is demonstrated via creation of the RInChI including the $\textit{ProcAuxInfo}$ layer based on three published reactions and demonstrates accurate data recoverability via reverse translation of the created strings. Implementation of this or another method of reporting process data by the publishing community would ensure that databases, such as Reaxys, would be able to abstract crucial data for big data analysis of their contents.
description: PMJ is grateful to Peterhouse and the Cambridge Trust for scholarships.