cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Commuting Charges of the Quantum Korteweg-deVries and Boussinesq Theories from the Reduction of W(infinity) and W(1+infinity) Algebras
Creators: name: Bordner, Andrew J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Integrability of the quantum Boussinesq equation for c=-2 is demonstrated by giving a recursive algorithm for generating explicit expressions for the infinite number of commuting charges based on a reduction of the W(infinity) algebra. These charges exist for all spins $s \geq 2$. Likewise, reductions of the W(infinity/2) and W((1+infinity)/2) algebras yield the commuting quantum charges for the quantum KdV equation at c=-2 and c=1/2, respectively.
description: 11 pages, RevTeX
On the Incubation of Radical Ideas: A Communications History
Creators: Beckerman, Gal
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Communication
subject: History
subject: Political science
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: Social media--Political aspects
subject: Social movements
subject: Arab Spring (2010-)
subject: Black lives matter movement

description: This dissertation examines the forms of media that are most productive for the formation of social and political movements at their earliest stages. The problem it confronts is a contemporary one: the dominant forms of social media on the internet do not allow for the slow and focused deliberation this is demanded for radical ideas that are attempting to undermine a status quo to begin to take root. Movements rise and fall very quickly, following the metabolism of sites like Facebook and Twitter, without having the long-term impact they seek. By first looking historically at a series of pre-digital case studies – starting with letters before the scientific revolution and moving through petitions, small newspapers, samizdat and all the way to zines in the 1990s – aspects of more effective incubatory media will present themselves. Each chapter in this first half of the book zeroes in on the affordances of these particular forms of communication that made them so useful. After having looked at pre-digital communication, the dissertation will then turn to contemporary case studies and the challenges posed by social media for activists of all stripes looking to incubate their ideas on these platforms. Starting with the Arab Spring in Egypt, which offers a cautionary tale of a movement overtaken by the social media metabolism and moving through the 2010s toward Black Lives Matter, there is a progression of awareness about what tools the internet can provide for communication and which prove most productive for offering sustainability to a movement. The conclusion is one gained from the juxtaposition of the historical and the contemporary, which builds to an awareness of what affordances are required for a radical idea to avoid burning out.
Continuous-time histories: observables, probabilities, phase space structure and the classical limit
Creators: name: Anastopoulos, Charis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we elaborate on the structure of the continuous-time histories description of quantum theory, which stems from the consistent histories scheme. In particular, we examine the construction of history Hilbert space, the identification of history observables and the form of the decoherence functional (the object that contains the probability information). It is shown how the latter is equivalent to the closed-time-path (CTP) generating functional. We also study the phase space structure of the theory first through the construction of general representations of the history group (the analogue of the Weyl group) and the implementation of a histories Wigner-Weyl transform. The latter enables us to write quantum theory solely in terms of phase space quantities. These results enable the implementation of an algorithm for identifying the classical (stochastic) limit of a general quantum system.
description: 46 pages, latex; in this new version typographical errors have been removed and the presentation has been made clearer
Grapheme–Color Synesthesia in an Abugida: A Bengali Case Study
Creators: name: Root, Nicholas
name: Pushpita Bhattacharyya
name: Vilayanur S. Ramachandran
Publisher: name: Brill Online
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 170112 Sensory Processes, Perception and Performance
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Grapheme–color synesthetes experience graphemes (e.g., letters of the alphabet) as having a specific, consistent color. Most studies of grapheme–color synesthesia have only examined synesthetes in English, leaving underexplored the question of how synesthetic phenomenology might differ in languages that do not use alphabets. In particular, grapheme–color synesthesia in an abugida (a segmental writing system in which vowels are added to consonant graphemes using ‘accent'-like diacritical marks) has never been studied. Here, we present a case study of a Bengali synesthete, MJ, the first report of a grapheme–color synesthete in an abugida. First, we show that for MJ, diacritics influence the overall color of the consonant grapheme they modify, 'pulling' it toward the color she experiences for the vowel. Second, we describe and analyze the complex synesthetic experiences reported by MJ for conjunct graphemes, a unique orthographic feature of Brahmi-derived scripts (such as Bengali) in which multiple graphemes are visually combined into a single 'merged' grapheme. Finally, we show that in addition to these language-specific features, MJ’s synesthetic associations are influenced by some of the same linguistic properties (such as orthography and phonology) that influence synesthetic associations in other languages. We conclude that the idiosyncratic features of MJ’s synesthesia reflect unique properties of the Bengali writing system, that more studies of synesthesia in non-alphabetic scripts are needed, and that synesthetic phenomenology can offer insights into how linguistic properties shape grapheme representation in the brain.
On the Journey to Becoming Culturally Responsive in a High School Choir Classroom: A White Woman’s Autoethnography
Creators: Dissinger, Meagan Elizabeth
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Music--Instruction and study
Culturally relevant pedagogy
Music teachers
Teachers--Attitudes

description: Application of the culturally responsive teaching (CRT) initiative to practice may be challenging because each school community is unique. The individualized nature of CRT renders that research on successful CRT practices is only mildly, if at all, applicable to practicing teachers. As a result of these barriers, little is known about the process of becoming culturally responsive. The purpose of this study was to document my process in seeking to become a culturally responsive music educator.
      Critical Race Theory shaped this study. The emphasis on white culture in public high school choir curricula does not reflect the diverse populations in music classrooms today. Many of these classrooms are led by white teachers like myself, requiring that we interrogate our race and how often it affects the learning environment in our classrooms.
      Autoethnographic methods were used in this study. Three sources of data were gathered: my journal, lesson plans, and other teaching artifacts including student work. The data were then condensed into three stories: a) the story of me; b) the story of my teaching; c) the story of my students. Self-reflection, self-assessment, and self-analysis took place through questioning which included: a) “How does my whiteness affect my teaching?” b) “How often were suggestions from scholarship used?” c) “How did my attempts at culturally responsive teaching affect my students?”
      	Through this work, I found that developing awareness of my whiteness, my biases, and assumptions, and how they influence my instructional choices was the most important step towards CRT. I often observed myself in a self-imposed binary: either I was ‘successful’ or ‘a failure’ at being culturally responsive. My disposition about CRT has changed because now I understand that teaching responsively is not a binary but a continuum. Each day I may exist in a different place on the continuum. Therefore, I will always be becoming culturally responsive.
      An individual’s process of becoming culturally responsive can only be learned through autoethnographic techniques. Additional autoethnographies conducted by teachers who are attempting to become culturally responsive may assist in finding trends.
On the Evaluation of Conditional Cash Transfer Programs: An Analysis of CCT Programs and Poverty
Creators: Avila, Pedro
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Economics
Public policy (Law)

description: Conditional Cash Transfer programs are the popular government welfare paradigm of the new millennium, the main objectives of which are to lower poverty levels in the short term by distributing cash, as well as to decrease poverty in the long term by incentivizing program participants to build the human capital necessary to support themselves without program benefits. Though these programs are not a singular answer to the eradication of poverty, they are praised as innovative and necessary tools of welfare. Their popularity and relative novelty have captivated the attention of both academics and practitioners, and as a result, their effects are widely studied. Specifically, their effects on improving health, education and social outcomes are thoroughly documented. A key element is missing, however, in the ongoing effort to evaluate these programs. Evaluations that discuss the programs' outcome potentials in the long run must show that poverty levels in countries where these programs have been implemented sustainably decrease. Using generalized poverty data from the World Bank as well as figures for Brazil's CCT program, Bolsa Família, this analysis uses time-series methods to show that while levels of poverty have decreased in countries implementing CCT programs, there is little evidence that CCT programs promise to be as effective in combating poverty in the long term as many would like to believe.
Selaginella goudotiana var. abyssinica Bizzarri
Creators: name: Zhou, Ya-Dong
name: Mwachala, Geoffrey
name: Hu, Guang-Wan
name: Wang, Qing-Feng
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Lycopodiopsida
Selaginellales
Selaginellaceae
Selaginella
Selaginella goudotiana
Selaginella goudotiana spring var. abyssinica (spring) bizzarri

description: Selaginella goudotiana Spring var. abyssinica (Spring) Bizzarri  —
Habit: Lycophyte.
Habitat: LMWF; up to 2 500 m. Distribution: II.
Voucher: N/A.
References: Bussmann (1994), Bussmann & Beck (1995a), Agnew (2013).
description: Published as part of Zhou, Ya-Dong, Mwachala, Geoffrey, Hu, Guang-Wan & Wang, Qing-Feng, 2022, Annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Mount Kenya, East Africa, pp. 1-108 in Phytotaxa 546 (1) on page 13, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.546.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6550464
On the Mechanical Experiments and Modeling of Human Cervix
Creators: Shi, Lei
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biomechanics
Cervix uteri
Childbirth
Pregnancy
Newborn infants--Death
Proteoglycans--Physiological effect
Glycosaminoglycans

description: The mechanical function of the uterine cervix is critical for a healthy pregnancy. During pregnancy, the cervix undergoes a significant remodeling from a mechanical barrier into a compliant structure to allow for a successful delivery. A too early or too late cervical softening will lead to spontaneous preterm births (sPTB) or dystocia. PTB is a leading cause of neonatal death, affecting 15 million newly born babies each year around the world. According to CDC, the rate of PTB increases in recent years. Dystocia increases the risk to both mother and newborn babies, leading to neonatal asphyxia, neonatal infection, uterine rupture, or other dangerous sequelae. Therefore, it is significant to have a better correlation of the mechanical properties change and the biological remodeling process of the cervix during pregnancy. This thesis will focus on (1) mechanical experiments of the human cervix, and (2) the development of a material constitutive model for cervix to characterize the complex microstructure-related mechanical property of the cervix. In this thesis, a spherical indentation test was designed and conducted on human cervical samples sliced perpendicular to the axial direction, to characterize the compressive mechanical behavior of the human cervix. A uniaxial tensile was designed and conducted on the strip samples cut along and perpendicular to the preferential fiber direction from the indentation samples, to characterize the tensile mechanical behavior of the cervix. Based on the detailed experimental investigation, a nonlinear time-dependent anisotropic microstructure-inspired constitutive model has been developed. The basic idea of the model is that the mechanical behavior of the human cervix can be decomposed into an equilibrium and a time-dependent part, and the tension and compression mechanical behaviors are caused by disparate mechanisms. Specifically, the collagen fibrous network plays a major role in the tensile mechanical response, while proteoglycans (PGs), glycosaminoglycans (PGs),, and liquid cause the compressive mechanical response. The tensile time-dependent mechanical behavior of the human cervix is mostly attributed to the interactions between the collagen fiber and other components, while the compressive time-dependent mechanical behavior is mainly attributed to the porous effect. The equilibrium and time-dependent mechanical responses have been well captured using the model, and the results reveal the connection between the ECM microstructure remodeling and mechanical properties change during pregnancy.
Competing roughening mechanisms in strained heteroepitaxy: a fast kinetic Monte Carlo study
Creators: name: Lam, Chi-Hang
name: Lee, Chun-Kin
name: Sander, Leonard M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the morphological evolution of strained heteroepitaxial films using kinetic Monte Carlo simulations in two dimensions. A novel Green's function approach, analogous to boundary integral methods, is used to calculate elastic energies efficiently. We observe island formation at low lattice misfit and high temperature that is consistent with the Asaro-Tiller-Grinfeld instability theory. At high misfit and low temperature, islands or pits form according to the nucleation theory of Tersoff and LeGoues.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, ReVTeX
On the Kahler Ricci flow, positive curvature in Hermitian geometry and non-compact Calabi-Yau metrics
Creators: Tong, Cheng Yu
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Geometry
subject: Manifolds (Mathematics)
subject: Hermitian structures

description: In this thesis, we study three problems in complex geometry. In the first part, we study the behavior of the Kahler-Ricci flow on complete non-compact manifolds with negative holomorphic curvature. We show that Kahler-Ricci flow converges to a Kahler-Einstein metric when the initial manifold admits a suitable exhaustion function, thus improving upon a result of D. Wu and S.T. Yau. These results are partly obtained in joint work with S. Huang, M.-C. Lee and L.-F. Tam. In the second part of this thesis, we introduce a new Kodaira-Bochner type formula for closed (1, 1)-form in non-Kahler geometry. Based on this new formula, We propose a new curvature positivity condition in non-Kahler manifolds and proved a strong rigidity type theorem for manifolds satisfying this curvature positivity condition. We also find interesting examples non-Kahler manifolds satisfying the curvature positivity condition in a class of manifolds called Vaisman manifolds. In the third part of this thesis, we study the degenerations of asymptotically conical Calabi-Yau manifolds as the Kahler class degenerates to a non-Kahler class. Under suitable hypothesis, we prove the convergence of asymptotically conical Calabi-Yau metrics to a singular asymptotically conical Calabi-Yau current with compactly supported singularities. Using this, we construct singular asymptotically conical Calabi-Yau metrics on non-compact singular varieties and identify the topology of these singular metrics with the singular variety. We also give some interpretations of these asymptotically conical Calabi-Yau metrics from the point of view of physics. These results are obtained in joint work with T. Collins and B. Guo.
Selaginella kraussiana A. Braun
Creators: name: Zhou, Ya-Dong
name: Mwachala, Geoffrey
name: Hu, Guang-Wan
name: Wang, Qing-Feng
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Lycopodiopsida
Selaginellales
Selaginellaceae
Selaginella
Selaginella kraussiana

description: Selaginella kraussiana (Kunze) A.Braun  —
Habit: Lycophyte.
Habitat: LMWF, LMDF, BZ, UMF, HZ; up to 3 700 m. Distribution: I.
 Voucher: East Mount Kenya, Mount Kenya Lodge, Alt. 2 950 m, 4 Jan. 1986, Beentje 2705 (EA, AMD).
 References: Fries et al. (1924b), Schelpe (1951), Bussmann (1993, 1994, 2006), Bussmann & Beck (1995a, 1998, 1999), Verdcourt (2005b), Agnew (2013).
description: Published as part of Zhou, Ya-Dong, Mwachala, Geoffrey, Hu, Guang-Wan & Wang, Qing-Feng, 2022, Annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Mount Kenya, East Africa, pp. 1-108 in Phytotaxa 546 (1) on page 13, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.546.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6550464
Nonsingular global strings
Creators: name: Gregory, Ruth
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the possibility that time dependence might remove the singular nature of global string spacetimes. We first show that this time dependence takes a specific form -- a de-Sitter like expansion along the length of the string and give an argument for the existence of such a solution, estimating the rate of expansion. We compare our solution to the singular Cohen-Kaplan spacetime.
description: 21 pages plain TEX, 4 figs. Published version (minor error corrected)
Modern therapies in atopic dermatitis: biologics and small molecule drugs
Creators: name: Worm, Margitta
name: Francuzik, Wojciech
name: Kraft, Magdalena
name: Alexiou, Aikaterina
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biological Products
subject: Dermatitis, Atopic
subject: Eczema
subject: Pharmaceutical Preparations
subject: Severity of Illness Index
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a frequent, chronic remittent skin disease. The pathophysiology of AD has been increasingly understood within the last years, which may help to identify different endotypes suitable for defined therapies in the future. A patient-oriented therapy considers phenotypical features in addition to genetic and biological markers. The most recent developments in biologics and small-molecule drugs for AD treatment are presented in this article. These molecules, if approved, could change the perspectives for future therapies. Dupilumab is the first approved biologic for the treatment of moderate to severe atopic dermatitis in adolescence and adulthood and has led to a significant improvement in the treatment of this chronic disease. In the present article we present real-life data on the efficacy of dupilumab in adult dermatitis patients. We also discuss other data relevant to the use of dupilumab, and address open questions important for the standard care of atopic dermatitis patients.
Ophioglossum polyphyllum Seub.
Creators: name: Zhou, Ya-Dong
name: Mwachala, Geoffrey
name: Hu, Guang-Wan
name: Wang, Qing-Feng
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Polypodiopsida
Ophioglossales
Ophioglossaceae
Ophioglossum
Ophioglossum polyphyllum

description: Ophioglossum polyphyllum A.Braun ex Seub.  —
Habit: Fern.
Habitat: LMDF; up to 2 100 m. Distribution: I.
Voucher: N/A.
Reference: Agnew (2013).
description: Published as part of Zhou, Ya-Dong, Mwachala, Geoffrey, Hu, Guang-Wan & Wang, Qing-Feng, 2022, Annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Mount Kenya, East Africa, pp. 1-108 in Phytotaxa 546 (1) on page 14, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.546.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6550464
Behavioural traits of rainbow trout and brown trout may help explain their differing invasion success and impacts
Creators: name: McGlade, Ciara L. O.
name: Dickey, James W. E.
name: Kennedy, Richard
name: Donnelly, Shannon
name: Nelson, Clare-Ann
name: Dick, Jaimie T. A.
name: Arnott, Gareth
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Animal behaviour
subject: Behavioural ecology
subject: Freshwater ecology
subject: Invasive species
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: Animal behaviour is increasingly recognised as critical to the prediction of non-native species success and impacts. Rainbow trout and brown trout have been introduced globally, but there appear to be differences in their patterns of invasiveness and ecological impact. Here, we investigated whether diploid rainbow trout and diploid and triploid brown trout differ among several key behavioural measures linked to invasiveness and impact. We assessed activity, boldness, aggression, and feeding, using open field, novel object, shelter, mirror, feeding, and functional response experiments. We also tested within each fish type for behavioural syndromes comprising correlations among activity, boldness and aggression. Rainbow trout were more active and aggressive but less bold than diploid and triploid brown trout. In small groups, however, rainbow trout were bolder than both types of brown trout. Diploid brown trout were more active and bolder than triploids when tested individually, and had a higher functional response than both rainbow trout and triploid brown trout. In terms of behavioural syndromes, there was no association between activity and boldness in rainbow trout, however, there was in both brown trout types. The increased activity and aggression of rainbow trout may reflect an increased stress response to novel situations, with this response reduced in a group. These results suggest that rainbow trout do not manage their energy budgets effectively, and may explain why they have limited survival as invaders. In addition, the lower functional response of rainbow trout may explain why they are implicated in fewer ecological impacts, and the triploidy treatment also appears to lower the potential impact of brown trout. Comparative analyses of multiple behaviours of invasive species and genetic variants may thus be key to understanding and predicting invader success and ecological impacts.
Singularity confinement and chaos in discrete systems
Creators: name: Hietarinta, Jarmo
name: Viallet, Claude
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a number of second order maps, which pass the singularity confinement test commonly used to identify integrable discrete systems, but which nevertheless are non-integrable. As a more sensitive integrability test, we propose the analysis of the complexity (``algebraic entropy'') of the map using the growth of the degree of its iterates: integrability is associated with polynomial growth while the generic growth is exponential for chaotic systems.
description: 4 pages, revtex, 2 PostScript-figures
title: Implicit Object Space Partitioning: The No-Memory BVH
Creators: name: Eisemann, Martin
name: Bauszat, Pablo
name: Magnor, Marcus
Publisher: name: Institut für Computergraphik
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Implizite Objektpartitionierung
subject: Ray Tracing
subject: Implicit object space partitioning
subject: ray tracing
subject: 004

description: We present a new ray tracing algorithm that requires no explicit acceleration data structure and therefore no memory. It is represented in a completely implicit way by triangle reordering. This new implicit data structure is simple to build, efficient to traverse and has a fast total time to image. The implicit acceleration data structure must be constructed only once and can be reused for arbitrary numbers of rays or ray batches without the need to rebuild the hierarchy. Due to the fast build times it is very well suitable for dynamic and animated scenes. We compare it to classic acceleration data structures, like a Bounding Volume Hierarchy, and analyze its effciency.
description: Technical Report - Computer Graphics Lab, TU Braunschweig, vol. 2011-12-16
British Columbia Crown Contaminated Sites Program overview
Creators: name: Stewart, Gregg G. (Gregg Gordon), 1961-
name: Johnstone, Heather
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This paper is an overview of the British Columbia Crown Contaminated Sites Program, which addresses historic1 Crown contaminated sites, including historic mine sites. It reports on Crown Contaminated Sites Program components and current priorities and initiatives. Since the Program’s inception in 2003, all of the recommendations in an Auditor General’s audit report have been substantially addressed regarding management of Crown contaminated sites in British Columbia. The Program has been allocated a three-year (2007 to 2009), $47.2 million budget.
Structural Characterization of Compoundness
Creators: name: Coecke, Bob
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We recover the rays in the tensor product of Hilbert spaces within a larger class of so called `states of compoundness', structured as a complete lattice with the `state of separation' as its top element. At the base of the construction lies the assumption that the cause of actuality of a property of one of the (as individual considered) entities in the compound system can be actuality of a property of the other one.
description: 8 pages; lecture given at the fourth biannual conference of the International Quantum Structures Association, Liptovsky Jan, Slovakia, 1998
Hydrophobic interactions: an overview
Creators: name: Wolde, Pieter Rein ten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an overview of the recent progress that has been made in understanding the origin of hydrophobic interactions. We discuss the different character of the solvation behavior of apolar solutes at small and large length scales. We emphasize that the crossover in the solvation behavior arises from a collective effect, which means that implicit solvent models should be used with care. We then discuss a recently developed explicit solvent model, in which the solvent is not described at the atomic level, but rather at the level of a density field. The model is based upon a lattice-gas model, which describes density fluctuations in the solvent at large length scales, and a Gaussian model, which describes density fluctuations at smaller length scales. By integrating out the small length scale field, a Hamiltonian is obtained, which is a function of the binary, large-length scale field only. This makes it possible to simulate much larger systems than hitherto possible as demonstrated by the application of the model to the collapse of an ideal hydrophobic polymer. The results show that the collapse is dominated by the dynamics of the solvent, in particular the formation of a vapor bubble of critical size. Implications of these findings to the understanding of pressure denaturation of proteins are discussed.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures
Tracking continuous gravitational waves from a neutron star at once and twice the spin frequency with a hidden Markov model
Creators: name: Sun, Ling
name: Melatos, Andrew
name: Lasky, Paul D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Searches for continuous gravitational waves from rapidly spinning neutron stars normally assume that the star rotates about one of its principal axes of moment of inertia, and hence the gravitational radiation emits only at twice the spin frequency of the star, $2f_*$. The superfluid interior of a star pinned to the crust along an axis nonaligned with any of its principal axes allows the star to emit gravitational waves at both $f_*$ and $2f_*$, even without free precession, a phenomenon not clearly observed in known pulsars. The dual-harmonic emission mechanism motivates searches combining the two frequency components of a signal to improve signal-to-noise ratio. We describe an economical, semicoherent, dual-harmonic search method, combined with a maximum likelihood coherent matched filter, F-statistic, and improved from an existing hidden Markov model (HMM) tracking scheme to track two frequency components simultaneously. We validate the method and demonstrate its performance through Monte Carlo simulations. We find that for sources emitting gravitational waves at both $f_*$ and $2f_*$, the rate of correctly recovering synthetic signals (i.e., detection efficiency), at a given false alarm probability, can be improved by $\sim 10$%-70% by tracking two frequencies simultaneously compared to tracking a single component only. For sources emitting at $2f_*$ only, dual-harmonic tracking only leads to minor sensitivity loss, producing $\lesssim 10\%$ lower detection efficiency than tracking a single component. In directed continuous-wave searches where $f_*$ is unknown and hence the full frequency band is searched, the computationally efficient HMM tracking algorithm provides an option of conducting both the dual-harmonic search and the conventional single frequency tracking to obtain optimal sensitivity, with a typical run time of $\sim 10^3$ core-hr for one year's observation.
Dynamics of Scalar Fields in the Background of Rotating Black Holes
Creators: name: Krivan, W.
name: Laguna, P.
name: Papadopoulos, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A numerical study of the evolution of a massless scalar field in the background of rotating black holes is presented. First, solutions to the wave equation are obtained for slowly rotating black holes. In this approximation, the background geometry is treated as a perturbed Schwarzschild spacetime with the angular momentum per unit mass playing the role of a perturbative parameter. To first order in the angular momentum of the black hole, the scalar wave equation yields two coupled one-dimensional evolution equations for a function representing the scalar field in the Schwarzschild background and a second field that accounts for the rotation. Solutions to the wave equation are also obtained for rapidly rotating black holes. In this case, the wave equation does not admit complete separation of variables and yields a two-dimensional evolution equation. The study shows that, for rotating black holes, the late time dynamics of a massless scalar field exhibit the same power-law behavior as in the case of a Schwarzschild background independently of the angular momentum of the black hole.
description: 14 pages, RevTex, 6 Figures
Spectral Geometry of Heterotic Compactifications
Creators: name: Song, David D.
name: Szabo, Richard J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The structure of heterotic string target space compactifications is studied using the formalism of the noncommutative geometry associated with lattice vertex operator algebras. The spectral triples of the noncommutative spacetimes are constructed and used to show that the intrinsic gauge field degrees of freedom disappear in the low-energy sectors of these spacetimes. The quantum geometry is thereby determined in much the same way as for ordinary superstring target spaces. In this setting, non-abelian gauge theories on the classical spacetimes arise from the K-theory of the effective target spaces.
description: 14 pages LaTeX
title: Braunschweigisches Adreßbuch für das Jahr 1888
Creators: name: :None
Publisher: name: Meyer
Year: 1888
Subjects: subject: Brunsvicensien der Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
subject: Stadt Braunschweig
subject: 902

description: Braunschweigisches Adreßbuch, vol. 1888
Ophioglossum reticulatum L.
Creators: name: Zhou, Ya-Dong
name: Mwachala, Geoffrey
name: Hu, Guang-Wan
name: Wang, Qing-Feng
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Polypodiopsida
Ophioglossales
Ophioglossaceae
Ophioglossum
Ophioglossum reticulatum

description: Ophioglossum reticulatum L.  —
Habit: Fern.
Habitat: UMWF; up to 2 500 m. Distribution: I.
 Voucher: Kazita River, Alt. 1 905 m, Jan. 1940, Copley B582 (EA).
Reference: Burrows & Johns (2001).
description: Published as part of Zhou, Ya-Dong, Mwachala, Geoffrey, Hu, Guang-Wan & Wang, Qing-Feng, 2022, Annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Mount Kenya, East Africa, pp. 1-108 in Phytotaxa 546 (1) on page 14, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.546.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6550464
Integrable Coupled KdV Systems
Creators: name: Gurses, Metin
name: Karasu, Atalay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We give the conditions for a system of N- coupled Korteweg de Vries(KdV) type of equations to be integrable. Recursion operators of each subclasses are also given. All examples for N=2 are explicitly given.
description: 17pp, LateX, to be published in J.Math.Phys
Influence of magnetic domain walls on all-optical magnetic toggle switching in a ferrimagnetic GdFe film
Creators: name: Hosseinifar, Rahil
name: Golias, Evangelos
name: Kumberg, Ivar
name: Guillet, Quentin
name: Frischmuth, Karl
name: Thakur, Sangeeta
name: Fix, Mario
name: Albrecht, Manfred
name: Kronast, Florian
name: Kuch, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: all-optical magnetic switching
subject: GdFe
subject: laser-induced domain-wall motion
subject: magnetic domain imaging
subject: photoemission electron microscopy
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::530 Physik

description: We present a microscopic magnetic domain imaging study of single-shot all-optical magnetic toggle switching of a ferrimagnetic Gd26Fe74 film with out-of-plane easy axis of magnetization by X-ray magnetic circular dichroism photoelectron emission microscopy. Individual linearly polarized laser pulses of 800 nm wavelength and 100 fs duration above a certain threshold fluence reverse the sample magnetization, independent of the magnetization direction, the so-called toggle switching. Local deviations from this deterministic behavior close to magnetic domain walls are studied in detail. Reasons for nondeterministic toggle switching are related to extrinsic effects, caused by pulse-to-pulse variations of the exciting laser system, and to intrinsic effects related to the magnetic domain structure of the sample. The latter are, on the one hand, caused by magnetic domain wall elasticity, which leads to a reduction of the domain-wall length at features with sharp tips. These features appear after the optical switching at positions where the line of constant threshold fluence in the Gaussian footprint of the laser pulse comes close to an already existing domain wall. On the other hand, we identify the presence of laser-induced domain-wall motion in the toggle-switching event as a further cause for local deviations from purely deterministic toggle switching.
title: Braunschweigisches Adreßbuch für das Jahr 1893
Creators: name: :None
Publisher: name: Meyer
Year: 1893
Subjects: subject: Brunsvicensien der Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
subject: Stadt Braunschweig
subject: 902

description: Braunschweigisches Adreßbuch, vol. 1893
Can nonlocal Dirac operators be topologically proper ?
Creators: name: Chiu, Ting-Wai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By examining the analyticity of a sequence of topologically-proper lattice Dirac operators, we show that they tend to a nonlocal Dirac operator. This implies that a nonlocal lattice Dirac operator can have exact zero modes satisfying the Atiyah-Singer index theorem, in gauge backgrounds with nonzero topological charge.
description: 12 pages, LaTeX, 1 EPS figure, topos corrected and minor changes
title: Phänologie der binnenländischen Halophytengesellschaften Niedersachsens
Creators: name: Janssen, Christiane
name: Brandes, Dietmar
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
Year: 1989
Subjects: subject: 58

description: The phenology of the halophilic and halotolerant plant-communities of the most important inland salt marshes in Northwest-Germany is shown by means of symphenological diagrams. The communities in question are dominated by one or two species, which results in a very distinctive period of flowering. The predominating colours of the flowers are pink, violet and white. Two detailed vegetation maps and vegetation profiles are given to document the spatial relationship of the studied communities.
Quantum diffusion of prices and profits
Creators: name: Piotrowski, E. W.
name: Sladkowski, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the time evolution of quotations of stocks and commodities and show that corrections to the orthodox Bachelier model inspired by quantum mechanical time evolution of particles may be important. Our analysis shows that traders tactics can interfere as waves do and trader's strategies can be reproduced from the corresponding Wigner functions. The proposed interpretation of the chaotic movement of market prices imply that the Bachelier behaviour follows from short-time interference of tactics adopted (paths followed) by the rest of the world considered as a single trader and the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck corrections to the Bachelier model should qualitatively matter only for large time scales. The famous smithonian invisible hand is interpreted as a short-time tactics of whole the market considered as a single opponent. We also propose a solution to the currency preference paradox.
description: 12 pages, LaTeX
title: Überblick über die Literaturinformation der Pflanzensoziologie / von Dietmar Brandes
Creators: name: Brandes, Dietmar
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
Year: 1982
Subjects: subject: 58

description: Proceeding from the specific structure of plant sociological literature its bibliographie registration is discussed with special regard to Bibliographia phytosociologica syntaxonomica. The most important bibliographies are summarized in a table.
Fifteen emerging challenges and opportunities for vegetation science: A horizon scan by early career researchers
Creators: name: Yannelli, Florencia A.
name: Bazzichetto, Manuele
name: Conradi, Timo
name: Pattison, Zarah
name: Andrade, Bianca O.
name: Anibaba, Quadri Agbolade
name: Bonari, Gianmaria
name: Chelli, Stefano
name: Ćuk, Mirjana
name: Damasceno, Gabriella
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: climate change
subject: early career scientists
subject: global change
subject: horizon scan
subject: methodological tools
subject: vegetation dynamics
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: With the aim to identify future challenges and opportunities in vegetation science, we brought together a group of 22 early career vegetation scientists from diverse backgrounds to perform a horizon scan. In this contribution, we present a selection of 15 topics that were ranked by participants as the most emergent and impactful for vegetation science in the face of global change. We highlight methodological tools that we expect will play a critical role in resolving emerging issues by providing ways to unveil new aspects of plant community dynamics and structure. These tools include next generation sequencing, plant spectral imaging, process-based species distribution models, resurveying studies and permanent plots. Further, we stress the need to integrate long-term monitoring, the study of novel ecosystems, below-ground traits, pollination interactions and global networks of near-surface microclimate data at fine spatio-temporal resolutions to fully understand and predict the impacts of climate change on vegetation dynamics. We also emphasize the need to integrate traditional forms of knowledge and a diversity of stakeholders into research, teaching, management and policy-making to advance the field of vegetation science. The conclusions reached by this horizon scan naturally reflect the background, expertise and interests of a representative pool of early career vegetation scientists, which should serve as basis for future developments in the field.
Spectral determinants for Schroedinger equation and Q-operators of Conformal Field Theory
Creators: name: Bazhanov, V.
name: Lukyanov, S.
name: Zamolodchikov, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Relation between the vacuum eigenvalues of CFT Q-operators and spectral determinants of one-dimensional Schroedinger operator with homogeneous potential, recently conjectured by Dorey and Tateo for special value of Virasoro vacuum parameter p, is proven to hold, with suitable modification of the Schroedinger operator, for all values of p.
description: 9 pages, harvmac.tex, typos corrected
Band structure and topological property of twisted double bilayer graphenes
Creators: name: Koshino, Mikito
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the electronic band structure and the topological property of the twisted double bilayer graphene, or a pair of AB-stacked bilayer graphenes rotationally stacked on top of each other. We consider two different arrangements, AB-AB and AB-BA, which differ in the relative orientation. For each system, we calculate the energy band and the valley Chern number using the continuum Hamiltonian. We show that the AB-AB and the AB-BA have similar band structures, while the Chern numbers associated with the corresponding bands are completely different. In the absence of the perpendicular electric field, in particular, the AB-AB system is a trivial insulator when the Fermi energy is in a gap, while the AB-BA is a valley Hall insulator. Also, the lowest electron and hole bands of the AB-AB are entangled by the symmetry protected band touching points, while they are separated in the AB-BA. In both cases, the perpendicular electric field immediately opens an energy gap at the charge neutral point, where the electron branch becomes much narrower than the hole branch, due to the significant electron-hole asymmetry.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
title: Ruderal- und Saumgesellschaften des Etschtals zwischen Bozen und Rovereto / von Dietmar und Elisabeth Brandes
Creators: name: Brandes, Dietmar
name: Brandes, Elisabeth
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
Year: 1981
Subjects: subject: 58

description: Aus dem Etschtal zwischen Bozen und Rovereto werden 44 Ruderal- und Saumgesellschaften beschrieben und mit Literaturangaben aus anderen Teilen Mitteleuropas verglichen. Die meisten Assoziationen werden erstmalig für Südtirol mit Aufnahmen belegt. Die Ruderalvegetation spiegelt die klimatischen Verhältnisse des Untersuchungsgebietes sehr genau wider, sowohl den submediterranen Einfluß im südlichen Teil, als auch die mit zunehmender Höhe abnehmende Klimagunst.
description: 44 ruderal and skirt communities are described from the Etsch valley between Bozen and Rovereto and compared with literature dates from other parts cf Central Europe. Most of the phytosociological associations are documented for the first time for South Tyrol. The ruder al vegetation reflects the climate in the explored area exactly, on the one hand the increasing submediterranean influence, on the other the decreasing favour of climate by increasing of altitude.
Classical representations for quantum-like systems through an axiomatics for context dependence
Creators: name: Coecke, Bob
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a definition for a 'hidden measurement system', i.e., a physical entity for which there exist: (i) 'a set of non-contextual states of the entity under study' and (ii) 'a set of states of the measurement context', and which are such that all uncertainties are due to a lack of knowledge on the actual state of the measurement context. First we identify an explicit criterion that enables us to verify whether a given hidden measurement system is a representation of a given couple $\Si,{\cal E}$ consisting of a set of states $\Si$ and a set of measurements ${\cal E}$ ($=$ measurement system). Then we prove for every measurement system that there exists at least one representation as a hidden measurement system with $[0,1]$ as set of states of the measurement context. Thus, we can apply this definition of a hidden measurement system to impose an axiomatics for context dependence. We show that in this way we always find classical representations (hidden measurement representations) for general non-classical entities (e.g. quantum entities).
description: 15 pages