cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Changing the universality class of the three-dimensional Edwards-Anderson spin-glass model by selective bond dilution
Creators: name: Romá, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The three-dimensional Edwards-Anderson spin-glass model present strong spatial heterogeneities well characterized by the so-called backbone, a magnetic structure that arises as a consequence of the properties of the ground state and the low-excitation levels of such a frustrated Ising system. Using extensive Monte Carlo simulations and finite size scaling, we study how these heterogeneities affect the phase transition of the model. Although, we do not detect any significant difference between the critical behavior displayed by the whole system and that observed inside and outside the backbone, surprisingly, a selective bond dilution of the complement of this magnetic structure induces a change of the universality class, whereas no change is noted when the backbone is fully diluted. This finding suggests that the region surrounding the backbone plays a more relevant role in determining the physical properties of the Edwards-Anderson spin-glass model than previously thought. Furthermore, we show that when a selective bond dilution changes the universality class of the phase transition, the ground state of the model does not undergo any change. The opposite case is also valid, i. e., a dilution that does not change the critical behavior significantly affects the fundamental level.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures
Decay of the vortex muon
Creators: name: Zhao, Pengcheng
name: Ivanov, Igor P.
name: Zhang, Pengming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Muon decay is self-analyzing: the spectral-angular distribution of the emitted electron reveals the spin orientation of the polarized muon. Here, we show that the same feature applies to muons in non-plane-wave states and helps reveal the rich polarization opportunities available. We focus on the so-called vortex states, in which the muon carries a non-zero orbital angular momentum with respect to the average propagation direction and exhibits a cone structure in the momentum distribution. We compute the spectrum and the angular distribution of the electrons emitted in decays of vortex muons and show that the most revealing observable is not the angular distribution but the fixed-angle electron spectra. Even for very small cone opening angles of the vortex muons, it will be easy to observe significant modifications of the electron spectra which would allow one to distinguish vortex muons from approximately plane wave muons, as well as to differentiate among various polarization states. These features will be the key to tracking the evolution of vortex muons in external magnetic fields.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures; v2: a numerical error corrected, plots updated, text improved, the main results stay unchanged, matches the published version. v3: Fig.8 is corrected, the other results remain unchanged
Super-large Farms: The Importance of Institutions
Creators: name: Koester, Ulrich
name: Koester, Ulrich
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: Agribusiness

description: There are many reasons for the evolution of super-farms in some of the CIS. This paper does not intend to elaborate on the whole set of reasons. There are already many studies which provide surveys on the background and the rationale of these organisations. This paper aims at focusing on one specific determinant of the rise of super-large farms, namely institutions. The focus is chosen as this determinant seems to have been overlooked, partly because it is completely beyond the neoclassical approach. Institutions as rules of the game can be classified into four levels according to Williamson. The paper mainly deals with embedded institutions. It is shown that these institutions are country-specific and vary widely across countries. It is argued that the evolution of super-large farms could only arise because cooperative and corporate farms survived up to bankruptcy and because embedded institutions impeded the foundation of family farms. Mental models of policy makers did contribute to the amalgation of corporate and cooperatives into super-large farms. However, it is noted that embedded institutions had such strong effects because markets did not work adequately and legislation and its enforcement was not supportive for the foundation of family farms. The paper ends with an evaluation from the economic point of view of the existence of super-large farms and with a projection of what may happen in the future.
Dynamical Analysis of Screening in Scalar-Tensor Theory
Creators: name: Nakamura, Tomohiro
name: Ikeda, Taishi
name: Saito, Ryo
name: Tanahashi, Norihiro
name: Yoo, Chul-Moon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate linear and non-linear dynamics of spherically symmetric perturbations on a static configuration in scalar-tensor theories focusing on the chameleon screening mechanism. We particularly address two questions: how much the perturbations can source the fifth force when the static background is well screened, and whether the resultant fifth force can change the stability and structure of the background configuration. For linear perturbations, we derive a lower bound for the square of the Fourier mode frequency $ω^2$ using the adiabatic approximation. There may be unstable modes if this lower bound is negative, and we find that the condition of the instability can be changed by the fifth force although this effect is suppressed by the screening parameter. For non-linear perturbations, because we are mainly interested in short wavelength modes for which the fifth force may become stronger, we perform numerical simulations under the planar approximation. For a sufficiently large initial amplitude of the density perturbation, we find that the magnitude of the fifth force can be comparable to that of Newtonian gravity even when the model parameters are chosen so that the static background is well screened. It is also shown that if the screening is effective for the static background, the fluid dynamics is mostly governed by the pressure gradient and is not significantly affected by the fifth force.
description: 31 pages, 8 figures
Dependences of the Casimir-Polder interaction between an atom and a cavity wall on atomic and material properties
Creators: name: Mostepanenko, V. M.
name: Babb, J. F.
name: Caride, A. O.
name: Klimchitskaya, G. L.
name: Zanette, S. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Casimir-Polder and van der Waals interactions between an atom and a flat cavity wall are investigated under the influence of real conditions including the dynamic polarizability of the atom, actual conductivity of the wall material and nonzero temperature of the wall. The cases of different atoms near metal and dielectric walls are considered. It is shown that to obtain accurate results for the atom-wall interaction at short separations, one should use the complete tabulated optical data for the complex refractive index of the wall material and the accurate dynamic polarizability of an atom. At relatively large separations in the case of a metal wall, one may use the plasma model dielectric function to describe the dielectric properties of wall material. The obtained results are important for the theoretical interpretation of experiments on quantum reflection and Bose-Einstein condensation.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure, iopart.cls is used, to appear in J. Phys. A (special issue: Proceedings of QFEXT05, Barcelona, Sept. 5-9, 2005)
Diffusion Monte Carlo with range-separated DFT/CIPSI trial wave functions
Creators: name: Scemama, Anthony
name: Giner, Emmanuel
name: Benali, Anouar
name: Loos, Pierre-Francois
name: Caffarel, Michel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: CIPSI
QMC

description: Range-separated DFT was implemented within selected configuration interaction (sCI).[1] The PBE density functional is used for the short-range correlation, and CIPSI is used for the long-range. The introduction of DFT for short range correlation has multiple benefits for QMC simulations. First, it reduces significantly the size of the CI expansion by several orders of magnitude. Secondly, it mimics the effect of a short-range correlation factor such as the Jastrow factor used in QMC simulations, leading to a significant improvement of the nodal surfaces, and energy differences. The implementation was made in the open source program Quantum Package,[2] which is already interfaced with interfaced with several QMC codes. ---
 [1] doi:10.1063/1.5082638
 [2] doi:10.1021/acs.jctc.9b00176
Vote buying, turnout and trust: democratic consequences of electoral clientelism in the Polish 2023 election
Creators: name: Bauhr, Monika
name: Charron, Nicholas
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: What are the democratic implications of electoral clientelism? While studies point to the negative effects of electoral clientelism on the functioning of democratic institutions, few studies seek to investigate how personal experiences of electoral clientelism affect both electoral turnout and trust. This study suggests that while electoral clientelism can induce democratically desirable behaviour such as electoral turnout, it also undermines citizens trust in core democratic, electoral institutions. Leveraging the fact that the most recent European Quality of Government Index (EQI) survey was fielded in the midst of the Polish election, an election described as one of the most fiercely competitive election in post-communist Europe with implications for democratic backsliding, we use coarsened exact matching to show that citizens that experienced vote buying offers were more likely to turn out to vote, yet also expressed a lower level of trust in the integrity of elections. However, decreased trust in specific electoral institutions did not translate into a more generalized distrust in national level institutions. Our study provides unique evidence on individual level experiences of electoral clientelism in Europe and indicate that experiencing clientelistic offers may lead to some level of indignation and demand for accountability rather than resignation or acceptance of clientelist practices.
New marketing strategies in the development of regions, cities and settlements (villages)
Creators: name: Vinarne Bellasz, Zsuzsa
name: Vinarne Bellasz, Zsuzsa
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: RSM
subject: consolidation of the service (tertiary) sector
subject: endogenous development
subject: new marketing strategies
subject: regional-
subject: city- as well as settlement planning
subject: target groups
subject: SWOT
subject: segmentation of market
subject: differentiated segmentation strategy
subject: concentrated segmentation strategy
subject: decentralization

description: Regional- and settlement marketing (in the following: RSM) is a relatively young but dynamically developing branch of the science and practice of marketing. On the basis of the experience of the international as well as national regions and cities producing successful and impressive development it is often referred to as "wonder weapon" in the field of rural development. The task of RSM - to cut it short - is nothing else but the exploring of the competitiveness, comparative advantages and attraction of the region, the settlement, as well as the supporting of their realization and communication in the interest of the multifold aims concerning development, economics and lifestyle. In Hungary, RSM has been established by the increase of the self-governing independence in parallel with the multiplication of the relevant functions and tasks, the great extent of development differences among the various parts of the country, the resulting economic difficulties as well as by the new economic forms aiming at the exploitation of the new opportunities arising from the market economic development.
Light Dark Matter from Inflaton Decay
Creators: name: Moroi, Takeo
name: Yin, Wen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a simple mechanism of light dark matter (DM) production from the decay of the oscillating inflaton condensation. If the reheating temperature after inflation is higher than the inflaton mass, which is of the same order of the momentum of the DM at the time of the production, the DM momentum can be suppressed compared to the temperature of the thermal plasma if the interaction of the DM is weak enough. Consequently, the DM can be cold enough to avoid the observational constraints on the warm DM, like the Lyman-$α$ bound even if the DM mass is small. We study the bosonic and fermionic DM production from the inflaton decay, taking into account the effect of the stimulated emission and Pauli blocking, respectively. In both cases, the DM can be cold and abundant enough to be a viable candidate of the DM. We also apply our mechanism to the production of isocurvature-problem-free axion DM and Dirac sea DM of right-handed neutrino consistent the seesaw relation for the active neutrino masses.
description: 31 pages, 4 figures; version to appear in JHEP
Magnetic order in coupled spin-half and spin-one Heisenberg chains in anisotropic triangular-lattice geometry
Creators: name: Pardini, T.
name: Singh, R. R. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study spin-half and spin-one Heisenberg models in the limit where one dimensional (1-D) linear chains, with exchange constant J1, are weakly coupled in an anisotropic triangular lattice geometry. Results are obtained by means of linked-cluster series expansions at zero temperature around different magnetically ordered phases. We study the non-colinear spiral phases that arise classically in the model and the colinear antiferromagnet that has been recently proposed for the spin-half model by Starykh and Balents using a Renormalization Group approach. We find that such phases can be stabilized in the spin-half model for arbitrarily small coupling between the chains. For vanishing coupling between the chains the energy of each phase must approach that of decoupled linear chains. With increasing inter-chain coupling, the non-colinear phase appears to have a lower energy in our calculations. For the spin-one chain, we find that there is a critical interchain coupling needed to overcome the Haldane gap. When spin-one chains are coupled in an unfrustrated manner, the critical coupling is very small (~0.01J1) and agrees well with previous chain mean-field studies. When they are coupled in the frustrated triangular-lattice geometry, the critical coupling required to develop magnetic order is substantially larger (> 0.3J1). The colinear phase is not obtained for the spin-one Heisenberg model.
description: 7 pages, 8 figures
Towards the true number of flaring giant stars in the Kepler field. Are there flaring specialities associated with the giant nature?
Creators: name: Oláh, K.
name: Kővári, Zs.
name: Günther, M. N.
name: Vida, K.
name: Gaulme, P.
name: Seli, B.
name: Pál, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We aim to give a reliable estimate of the number of flaring giant stars in the Kepler field. By analyzing the flaring activity of these stars we explore their flare statistics and the released flare energies. The role of oscillation in suppressing magnetic activity is also investigated. On a sample of flaring giant stars we search for flaring specialities which may be associated with the giant nature. We search for flares using the full K1 data on a sample of 706 stars compiled from two lists of flaring giants found in the literature. In the end, we confirm only 61 stars as flaring giants. Among these 61 flaring giants we found only six which also show oscillations; we suggest that a large fraction of the 61 flaring giants are members of spectroscopic binaries which are proven already for 11. Tests are carried out to correct the detection bias at low flare energies for a subsample of 19 further studied, frequently flaring stars. For these 19 stars flare energy distributions and flare frequency diagrams (FFDs) are constructed. The number of detected flares on giant stars correlate only weakly with the rotational periods. The 61 confirmed flaring giant stars make up only about 0.3% of the entire giant star population in the Kepler database, in contrast with previous estimates of about an order higher percentage. No strong correlation was found between the stellar properties and the flaring characteristics. The wide scale of the flaring specialities are hardly related to the giant nature, if at all. This, together with the finding that the observed flare durations correlate with flare energies, regardless of the flare energy level and stellar luminosity class, suggest common background physics in flaring stars, or in other words, a general scaling effect behind.
description: 23 pages with 24 figures and 5 tables; accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics
A radial velocity survey of low Galactic latitude structures: II. The Monoceros Ring behind the Canis Major dwarf galaxy
Creators: name: Conn, Blair C.
name: Martin, Nicolas F.
name: Lewis, Geraint F.
name: Ibata, Rodrigo A.
name: Bellazzini, Michele
name: Irwin, Mike J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An AAT/2dF Spectrograph Survey of low Galactic latitudes targeting the putative Canis Major dwarf galaxy, and the (possibly) associated tidal debris of stars known as the Monoceros Ring, covering Galactic coordinates 231.5$^{\circ}< ${\it l} $
description: 5 pages, accepted for publication MNRAS, 3 figures
Paracelsus notebook
Creators: name: Hutchison, Alexander
Publisher: name: University of Victoria Libraries
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Philosophy
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1060777
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: Poetry, Modern
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1067769
subject: Poets, Scottish
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1068037
subject: Theology
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1149559
subject: College teachers
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/868114
subject: Authors
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/821688
subject: Literature
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/999953
subject: Poets
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1067778
subject: Paracelsus
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/271705

description: Alexander ("Sandy") Hutchison (1943-2015) was a Scottish poet who taught at various colleges and universities on Vancouver Island between the 1960s-80s, including the Department of English at the University of Victoria in 1966. These notebooks contain content ranging from notes about/from various philosophers, to personal correspondence, to drafts of his poetry. This notebook primarily contains transcriptions and notes on Paracelsus and related philosophies. It does not contain any drafts of poems.
Optimal and typical $L^2$ discrepancy of 2-dimensional lattices
Creators: name: Borda, Bence
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11K38, 11J83

description: We undertake a detailed study of the $L^2$ discrepancy of rational and irrational 2-dimensional lattices either with or without symmetrization. We give a full characterization of lattices with optimal $L^2$ discrepancy in terms of the continued fraction partial quotients, and compute the precise asymptotics whenever the continued fraction expansion is explicitly known, such as for quadratic irrationals or Euler's number $e$. In the metric theory, we find the asymptotics of the $L^2$ discrepancy for almost every irrational, and the limit distribution for randomly chosen rational and irrational lattices.
description: 24 pages
title: Cu(I)-Komplexe mit Tripod-Liganden – Emitter für den roten bis blauen Farbbereich
title: Cu(I) complexes with tripodal ligands – emitters for the red to blue color range
Creators: name: Gneuß, Timo
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2016
Subjects: Cu(I)-Komplexe , Tripod-Liganden
emitter
Emitter
Cu(I) complexes , tripodal ligands
Chemistry and allied sciences
Chemie

description: With the use of tripodal ligands,
      which coordinate tridentate to the Cu(I) center like a
      scorpionate ligand, a new approach has been pursued in this
      thesis in order to make rigid Cu(I) complexes. Since the
      photophysical properties of Cu(I) complexes with tripodal
      ligands have been only insufficiently investigated until now,
      the fundamental properties of this new emitter class is
      explored in detail in this work by using quantum chemical
      calculations and photophysical measurements.
description: Mit der Verwendung von
      Tripod-Liganden, die das Cu(I)-Zentrum wie ein
      Skorpionat-Ligand dreizähnig koordinieren, ist in dieser
      Doktorarbeit ein neues Konzept verfolgt worden, um
      Cu(I)-Komplexe rigider zu machen. Da solche
      Cu(I)-Tripod-Komplexe erst unzureichend auf ihre
      photophysikalischen Eigenschaften untersucht worden sind,
      sind in dieser Doktorarbeit mit Hilfe von quantenchemischen
      Rechnungen sowie photophysikalischen Messungen die Grundlagen
      dieser neuen Emitter-Klasse erforscht worden.
Economic relations between superlarge farming companies and small agricultural producers in Ukraine
Creators: name: Pugachov, Vladimir
name: Pugachova, Kateryna
name: Pugachov, Vladimir
name: Pugachova, Kateryna
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Farm Management
subject: superlarge farming companies
subject: private farms
subject: households.

description: The presented research is devoted to issues of development in Ukraine superlarge farming companies, to their relations with small agricultural producers and consequences for small agricultural producers. Research is lead on the basis of official data of the State committee of statistics of Ukraine and results of the survey 2006 that was conducted in 6 regions of the country. In the first part of the paper are considered the dynamics of increase an amount of superlarge farming companies in Ukraine, their territorial arrangement, specialization of production and other. Also is analyzed the efficiency of superlarge farming companies in comparison with other agricultural enterprises. The attention is also turned on operating conditions of superlarge farming companies concerning the concentration of the huge land areas. The second part of the document is devoted to the analysis of the smallest agricultural producers in Ukraine. The attention is turned on changes that occur with this category of agricultural producers and to their place in the agrarian market of the country. We investigated their resources and the structure of production. The final part of the document tells about relations between small agricultural producers and superlarge farming companies, influence of superlarge farming companies on employment and a living standard of rural residents. We have analyzed terms of land lease and prospects of rural residents. Our research is summed up with conclusions.
Signatures of the finite-temperature mirror symmetry breaking in the $S$=1/2 Shastry-Sutherland model
Creators: name: Shimokawa, Tokuro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the finite-temperature properties of the $S$=1/2 Shastry-Sutherland Heisenberg model using a quantum typicality method. In the intermediate plaquette state region, we naturally expect to realize the finite-temperature phase transition associated with breaking the mirror symmetry of this model. We reveal some signatures of the spontaneous phase transition within a two-point correlation level at moderate temperatures since the constructed typical state can sense the existence of the degenerated excited states depending on the initial random state. We also confirm that the local mirror order parameter shows the intriguing recovering phenomenon of the mirror symmetry in very low-temperatures, which could be understood from the nature of the ground and excited states of the finite-size systems. We expect that this recovering feature disappears; instead, a saturated behavior appears in the local mirror order parameter in the thermodynamic limit. We discuss the relationship to the recent experimental results on ${\rm SrCu_2(BO_3)_2}$ under high pressures.
description: To appear in Phys. Rev. B. 7 pages, 6 figures
Casimir-Polder interaction between an atom and a cylinder with application to nanosystems
Creators: name: Klimchitskaya, G. L.
name: Blagov, E. V.
name: Mostepanenko, V. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently the Lifshitz theory of dispersion forces was extended for the case of an atom (molecule) interacting with a plane surface of a uniaxial crystal or with a long solid cylinder or cylindrical shell made of isotropic material or uniaxial crystal. The obtained results are applicable to nanosystems. In particular, we investigate the Casimir-Polder interaction between hydrogen atoms (molecules) and multi-wall carbon nanotubes. It is demonstrated that the hydrogen atoms located inside multiwall carbon nanotubes have a lower free energy compared to those located outside. We also perform comparison studies of the interaction of hydrogen atoms between themselves and with multi-wall carbon nanotube. The obtained results are important for the problem of hydrogen storage.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, iopart.cls is used, to appear in J. Phys. A (special issue: Proceedings of QFEXT05, Barcelona, Sept. 5-9, 2005)
Black holes in a type-II minimally modified gravity
Creators: name: De Felice, Antonio
name: Doll, Andreas
name: Larrouturou, François
name: Mukohyama, Shinji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the context of the recently proposed type-II minimally modified gravity theory, i.e. a metric theory of gravity with two local physical degrees of freedom that does not possess an Einstein frame, we study spherically symmetric vacuum solutions to explore the strong gravity regime. Despite the absence of extra degrees of freedom in the gravity sector, the vacuum solutions are locally different from the Schwarzschild or Schwarzschild-(A)dS metric in general and thus the Birkhoff theorem does not hold. The general solutions are parameterized by several free functions of time and admit regular trapping and event horizons. Depending on the choice of the free functions of time, the null convergence condition may be violated in vacuum. Even in the static limit, while the solutions in this limit reduce to the Schwarzschild or Schwarzschild-(A)dS solutions, the effective cosmological constant deduced from the solutions is in general different from the cosmological value that is determined by the action. Nonetheless, once a set of suitable asymptotic conditions is imposed so that the solutions represent compact objects in the corresponding cosmological setup, the standard Schwarzschild or Schwarzschild-(A)dS metric is recovered and the effective cosmological constant agrees with the value inferred from the action.
description: 14 pages, no figures
On Generalizations of Pairwise Compatibility Graphs
Creators: name: Calamoneri, Tiziana
name: Lafond, Manuel
name: Monti, Angelo
name: Sinaimeri, Blerina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A graph $G$ is a pairwise compatibility graph (PCG) if there exists an edge-weighted tree and an interval $I$, such that each leaf of the tree is a vertex of the graph, and there is an edge $\{ x, y \}$ in $G$ if and only if the weight of the path in the tree connecting $x$ and $y$ lies within the interval $I$. Originating in phylogenetics, PCGs are closely connected to important graph classes like leaf-powers and multi-threshold graphs, widely applied in bioinformatics, especially in understanding evolutionary processes. In this paper we introduce two natural generalizations of the PCG class, namely $k$-OR-PCG and $k$-AND-PCG, which are the classes of graphs that can be expressed as union and intersection, respectively, of $k$ PCGs. These classes can be also described using the concepts of the covering number and the intersection dimension of a graph in relation to the PCG class. We investigate how the classes of OR-PCG and AND-PCG are related to PCGs, $k$-interval-PCGs and other graph classes known in the literature. In particular, we provide upper bounds on the minimum $k$ for which an arbitrary graph $G$ belongs to $k$-interval-PCGs, $k$-OR-PCG or $k$-AND-PCG classes. For particular graph classes we improve these general bounds. Moreover, we show that, for every integer $k$, there exists a bipartite graph that is not in the $k$-interval-PCGs class, proving that there is no finite $k$ for which the $k$-interval-PCG class contains all the graphs. This answers an open question of Ahmed and Rahman from 2017. Finally, using a Ramsey theory argument, we show that for any $k$, there exists graphs that are not in $k$-AND-PCG, and graphs that are not in $k$-OR-PCG.
Agroholdings membership: does that make a difference in performance?
Creators: name: Hockmann, Heinrich
name: Bokusheva, Raushan
name: Bezlepkina, Irina V.
name: Hockmann, Heinrich
name: Bokusheva, Raushan
name: Bezlepkina, Irina V.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: Agribusiness

description: Comparing different organizational, managerial and economic indicators of the farms in two selected regions the study investigates whether agroholdings perform better and thus can be regarded as a promising organizational model for Russian agriculture. A comparatively poor performance of agroholdings' members in both regions implies that this organisational form suffers from principal management problems hampering the move of agricultural production towards efficient trajectories. The insights regarding the selection of agroholdings' members, farm restructuring, marketing activities and performance cannot however be simply transferred to Russian agriculture in general. In both regions analyzed the establishing of agroholdings was strongly promoted by the local government which induces a bias in the reason to integrate.
A DESCRIPTIVE AND ECONOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF RELATIONSHIPS IN THE RICE SUBSECTOR OF BURKINA FASO
Creators: name: Hebie, Sekou
name: Hebie, Sekou
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1984
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: As in almost all sub-Saharan African countries, agriculture plays an important role in the economic life of Burkina Faso. The World Bank's 1983 report indicates that agriculture's contribution to the country's Gross Domestic Product (GDP) was 41 percent in 1981 compared to 16 percent for the industrial sector. In 1980, exports of agricultural products (basically cotton, groundnuts, and livestock) accounted for 89 percent of total export earnings. The country is primarily agricultural, with nearly 90 percent of the population dependent on agriculture as a livelihood. Yet it is well known today that Burkina Faso, going into its third decade as a sovereign nation, is still facing, like its Sahelian counterparts, one of the biggest challenges of economic development: how to feed its growing population. Basically, the challenge is how to achieve what is usually termed "food security," which is defined by Haggblade as the ability to assure consumption of a nutritionally adequate diet to all members of a country's population. Although the government of Burkina Faso has not specifically outlined a set of food security goals, its actions since the early 1960's indicate that is equates food security with food self-sufficiency. A review of the statistical evidence reveals that the country is far from meeting its food security goals. Despite the government's concern to expand rice production, little is known about the behavior of both the production and the consumption of this commodity in the country. In general, the agricultural sector has until recently received very scanty attention from economists and statisticians. Agronomists and to some extent sociologists and geographers have examined in some detail the soils, cultural practices, land tenure systems, tools, and basic techniques used by farmers. Their efforts, however, have failed to produce much needed information such as crop acreages, yields, prices, and other data most relevant for policy formulation. Rice is among the least documented crops in the country with respect to the responsiveness of both the supply and the demand to factor changes.
Mass transfer and hydraulic characteristics of a supercritical fluid sieve tray extractor
Creators: name: Lahiere, Richard Joseph, 1959-
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 1986
Subjects: subject: Mass transfer
subject: Sieves
subject: Extraction (Chemistry)
subject: Mass transfer
subject: Sieves
subject: Extraction (Chemistry)

description: The mass transfer and hydraulic characteristics of a 2.54 cm diameter sieve tray extraction column operating with supercritical and liquid solvents were investigated. Supercritical and liquid carbon dioxide were used to extract alcohols from water at pressures of 81.6 to 102.0 atm and temperatures of 25°C to 40°C. Toluene was employed to separate acetone from water at 25°C and 1 atmosphere in the same apparatus so that conventional and supercritical extraction could be compared. A mechanistic mass transfer model was developed to predict the overall efficiency of a sieve tray column operating with supercritical and liquid solvents. The model was based on liquid extraction theory and predicted efficiencies within ±25% of the experimental values. The input parameters required for the model simulation were the operating, geometric, and physical properties of the system. The investigation included the measurement of mass transfer efficiency, phase equilibria, throughput capacity, column end effects, drop diameter, and operational holdup data. Average experimental overall efficiencies were 48% for the supercritical CO₂/isopropanol/water system, 63% for the supercritical CO₂/ethanol/water system, 46% for the liquid CO₂/ isopropanol/water system, and 14% for the toluene/acetone/water system. These values were adjusted to account for column end effects which represented about 30% of the total mass transfer. Throughput capacities for the supercritical systems in the sieve tray column were over 100% greater than for the toluene/acetone/water system. The present research represents the first step towards the development of an algorithm for the design of extraction columns operating with supercritical solvents, and it demonstrates that supercritical separations can be modeled mechanistically based on liquid extraction principles. Although results from this investigation indicate that supercritical fluid extraction permits high throughput capacities and provides relatively high mass transfer efficiencies compared with conventional extraction, final evaluations must await studies in larger equipment and with a broader range of system properties
Spectral Moment Formulae for $GL(3)\times GL(2)$ $L$-functions I: The Cuspidal Case
Creators: name: Kwan, Chung-Hang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11F55 (Primary) 11F72 (Secondary)

description: Spectral moment formulae of various shapes have proven to be very successful in studying the statistics of central $L$-values. In this article, we establish, in a completely explicit fashion, such formulae for the family of $GL(3)\times GL(2)$ Rankin-Selberg $L$-functions using the period integral method. The Kuznetsov and the Voronoi formulae are not needed in our argument. We also prove the essential analytic properties and explicit formulae for the integral transform of our moment formulae. It is hoped that our method will provide insights into moments of $L$-functions for higher-rank groups.
description: Accepted Version; 2nd half of v3 will appear as separate papers
How to identify the youngest protostars
Creators: name: Stamatellos, D.
name: Whitworth, A. P.
name: Boyd, D. F. A.
name: Goodwin, S. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the transition from a prestellar core to a Class 0 protostar, using SPH to simulate the dynamical evolution, and a Monte Carlo radiative transfer code to generate the SED and isophotal maps. For a prestellar core illuminated by the standard interstellar radiation field, the luminosity is low and the SED peaks at ~190 micron. Once a protostar has formed, the luminosity rises (due to a growing contribution from accretion onto the protostar) and the peak of the SED shifts to shorter wavelengths (~80-100 micron). However, by the end of the Class 0 phase, the accretion rate is falling, the luminosity has decreased, and the peak of the SED shifts back towards longer wavelengths (90-150 micron). In our simulations, the density of material around the protostar remains sufficiently high well into the Class 0 phase that the protostar only becomes visible in the NIR if it is displaced from the centre dynamically. Raw submm/mm maps of Class 0 protostars tend to be much more centrally condensed than those of prestellar cores. However, when convolved with a typical telescope beam, the difference in central concentration is less marked, although the Class 0 protostars appear more circular. Our results suggest that, if a core is deemed to be prestellar on the basis of having no associated IRAS source, no cm radio emission, and no outflow, but it has a circular appearance and an SED which peaks at wavelengths below ~170 micron, it may well contain a very young Class 0 protostar.
description: Accepted by A&A (avaliable with high-res images at http://carina.astro.cf.ac.uk/pub/Dimitrios.Stamatellos/publications)
Non-Hermitian BCS-BEC crossover of Dirac fermions
Creators: name: Kanazawa, Takuya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate chiral symmetry breaking in a model of Dirac fermions with a complexified coupling constant whose imaginary part represents dissipation. We introduce a chiral chemical potential and observe that for real coupling a relativistic BCS-BEC crossover is realized. We solve the model in the mean-field approximation and construct the phase diagram as a function of the complex coupling. It is found that the dynamical mass increases under dissipation, although the chiral symmetry gets restored if dissipation exceeds a threshold.
description: 21 pages. v2: references added. v3: section 5 added. published version
A Geometric Classification of the Holomorphic Vertex Operator Algebras of Central Charge 24
Creators: name: Möller, Sven
name: Scheithauer, Nils R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 17B69, 17B22

description: We associate with a generalised deep hole of the Leech lattice vertex operator algebra a generalised hole diagram. We show that this Dynkin diagram determines the generalised deep hole up to conjugacy and that there are exactly 70 such diagrams. In an earlier work we proved a bijection between the generalised deep holes and the strongly rational, holomorphic vertex operator algebras of central charge 24 with non-trivial weight-1 space. Hence, we obtain a new, geometric classification of these vertex operator algebras, generalising the classification of the Niemeier lattices by their hole diagrams.
description: 28 pages, LaTeX; improvements to the exposition; added program code as ancillary files; to appear in Algebra Number Theory. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2005.12248
Technological Leapfrogging as a Source of Competitive Advantage in the American and Polish Tart Cherry Industries
Creators: name: Wright, Robert Thomson
name: Wright, Robert Thomson
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: This paper evaluates new tart cherry harvester technology and measures its ability to determine technological leapfrogging and competitive advantage between the United States and Poland. Competitive advantage is evaluated using break-even analysis, threshold farm size analysis and economic valuation. Findings reveal that that only a small minority of Polish farmers will be able to adopt new harvesters under current conditions. This same minority of Polish farmers, however, is probably the most important group to U.S. growers in terms of international tart cherry competition. Economic valuation shows that it will be extremely difficult for Michigan farmers to remove tart cherry orchards planted for shaker-harvest before their normal lifespan without economic loss. Economic valuation also demonstrates that there is a great incentive to adopt overhead harvesters due to their ability to harvest younger trees and to decrease per unit production costs.
The Eclipsing Cataclysmic Variable Lanning 386: Dwarf Nova, SW Sextantis Star, or Both?
Creators: name: Brady, S.
name: Thorstensen, J. R.
name: Koppelman, M. D.
name: Prieto, J. L.
name: Garnavich, P. M.
name: Hirschauer, A.
name: Florack, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present photometry and spectroscopy of the suspected cataclysmic variable (CV) Lanning 386. We confirm that it is a CV, and observe deep eclipses, from which we determine the orbital period Porb to be 0.1640517 +- 0.0000001 d (= 3.94 h). Photometric monitoring over two observing seasons shows a very active system with frequent outbursts of variable amplitude, up to approx. 2 mag. The spectrum in quiescence is typical of dwarf novae, but in its high state the system shows strong HeII emission and a broad CIV Wolf-Rayet feature. This is unusual for dwarf novae in outburst and indicates a high excitation. In its high state the system shows some features reminiscent of an SW Sextantis-type CV, but lacks others. We discuss the classification of this puzzling object.
description: Tex with 10 postscript figures. Dedicated to the late Howard Lanning
title: Towards Bioorthogonal Enzymatic Uncaging Reactions
title: Entwicklung Bioorthogonaler Enzymatischer Demaskierungs-Reaktionen
Creators: name: Ritter, Cornelia
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2016
Subjects: Life sciences
Biowissenschaften, Biologie
enzyme
activation
Bioorthogonal , P450
P450
chemical biology
caging
Aktivierung
Enzym
Chemische Biologie , Schutzgruppe

description: In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird
      die Verwendung evolvierter Mutanten von
      Cytochrom-P450-Monooxygenasen als hochaktive und
      hochselektive Katalysatoren für die bioorthogonale
      Aktivierung ethermaskierter Substrate berichtet,
      einschließlich der erfolgreichen Entschüzung in lebenden
      Bakterien. Der mögliche Nuzen von bioorthogonalen Paaren aus
      Enzym und Schuzgruppe für Anwendungen in den
      Lebenswissenschaften wird veranschaulicht.
description: In this thesis, engineered
      cytochrome P450 monooxygenase mutants are reported as highly
      active and selective catalysts for the bioorthogonal uncaging
      of diferent ether protected substrates, including the
      successful transfer of the uncaging reaction into living
      bacteria. This proof-of-principle study points towards the
      utility of bioorthogonal enzyme/protecting group pairs for
      applications in the life sciences.
On the collapse of the local Rayleigh condition and the finite time blow-up for the semi-lagrangian equations
Creators: name: Cañulef-Aguilar, Victor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper we study the propagation of the local Rayleigh condition for the two-dimensional hydrostatic Euler equation in the framework of the local well-posedness result by Masmoudi and Wong \cite{MaTKW12}. We show under certain assumptions that such solutions will develop singularities or collapse the local Rayleigh condition. In addition, we find necessary conditions for the global solvability. Finally, we establish the finite time blow-up of solutions to the semi-lagrangian equations introduced by Brenier in \cite{Bre99} for certain class of initial data.
A LINEAR PROGRAMMING ANALYSIS OF THE EMPLOYMENT, INCOME AND PRODUCTIVITY OF THE SMALL FARM AND RICE PROCESSING SECTORS OF SIERRA LEONE
Creators: name: Rose, Frank S.
name: Rose, Frank S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1977
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development
Crop Production/Industries

description: Agriculture is the largest sector in the economy of Sierra Leone, employing approximately 75 percent of the population in 1972 and accounting for over 30 percent of the gross domestic product. But though the national economy has grown at an estimated 4.3 percent rate in the last decade, the agricultural sector is estimated to have grown only 1.6 percent per year. The government of Sierra Leone, recognizing the importance of the agricultural sector and the need to develop policies to encourage its growth, has set a goal of increasing the growth rate of the sector to 4.6 percent per annum. Central to the overall agricultural development plan is the emphasis on increased rice production. Rice is the staple food in Sierra Leone, grown by over 80 percent of the farmers. To achieve self-sufficiency in rice production, the government has attempted to formulate policies which both increase rice production and improve efficiency in rice processing.
Energy scale independence of Koide's relation for quark and lepton masses
Creators: name: Li, Nan
name: Ma, Bo-Qiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Koide's mass relation of charged leptons has been extended to quarks and neutrinos, and we prove here that this relation is independent of energy scale in a huge energy range from $1 {GeV}$ to $2\times10^{16} {GeV}$. By using the parameters $k_u$, $k_d$ and $k_ν$ to describe the deviations of quarks and neutrinos from the exact Koide's relation, we also check the quark-lepton complementarity of masses such as $k_{l}+k_{d} \approx k_ν+k_{u} \approx 2$, and show that it is also independent (or insensitive) of energy scale.
description: 16 Latex pages, 2 figures, final version to appear in PRD