MobiDataLab D3.4 Data Sharing Business Revenue Models
Creators: name: BENYAYER, Louis-David
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: SAAS
Transport Cloud
Business Model
IPR
Future Transport Cloud
FTC
BM
knowledge base

description: This document presents the results of a study of the possible business models for the FutureTransport Cloud (FTC).The FTC will provide Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Re-usable (FAIR) data. This data willbe used by the data consumers to support short term and real time decisions (transport modesorganisation) and medium-term decisions (such as urban planning). The FTC will aggregate,combine, consolidate, and access data coming from different platforms (public and private transportcompanies, ticketing services, mapping services, weather companies, …) by ensuring that each ofthem can maintain or improve its business model.After an analysis of the literature and a benchmark, 5 business model archetypes are identified:1) Open data and open source, 2) Two-sided (advertising or sponsorship), 3) Market place, 4)Software as a service and 5) Barter. Through interviews and workshops, these models are thenanalysed in terms of feasibility, attractiveness, advantages, drawbacks and pre-requisites and acomparison is established.Similarly, 4 different legal structures have been identified in the literature and compared throughworkshops: 1) Commercial entity, 2) Data Trust, 3) Joint Venture and 4) Association.Relevant insights to be considered are the following:• Business models of the FTC are dynamic and agile. The business model for the beginning isnot necessarily the same than the business model for scaling the Future Transport Cloud.• Business models of the FTC Cloud are likely to be a mix between several archetypalbusiness models. Several revenue models may coexist according to the granularity and origin ofdata (e.g.: different revenue models for real time and historical data, raw or aggregated data).Similarly, different models may be used for accessing the data and for using the solution.• According to local specificities, different business models may be implemented. Becauseof different local habits and local business organisations, as well as maturity level, some cities orregion may use different business models for the Future Transport Cloud.• Business models are perceived differently according to stakeholders. During ourworkshops and interviews we asked the participants to rank the business models by priority andwe collected the following insights:o Public entities tend to favour “open source/open data” “barter” types of business modelswhereas commercial entities tend to favour “Marketplace” and “Software as a service”. Itmeans that the development of the business model of the future transport cloud should bedesigned in collaboration to ensure alignment of interests.o “Two-sided” business model is the least attractive for both populations.o “Software as a service” is the second more attractive for both populations.• The business model choice is influenced by the legal entity which will support the FutureTransport Cloud. For example, if it’s a commercial entity, revenue-oriented business models willbe preferred.• We observed more consistency in the ranking of legal structure by our experts: Association andData Trust were favoured by the two populations (public and private organisations).