cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Empirical kinetic modeling of oxygen delignification pretreatment of wheat straw
Creators: name: Li, Sam King Ho
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2013

description: With diminishing supplies of oil reserves and surging oil prices, research on renewable and sustainable energy has significantly increased. Biofuels have shown their potential in replacing traditional fossil fuels, such as gasoline. Second generation biofuels that use nonfood lignocellulosic biomass to produce bioethanol have been identified as one of these renewable sources. Oxygen delignification has been identified as an effective pretreatment method for agricultural waste, such as wheat straw, to increase the enzymatic hydrolysis yield. The purpose of this study was to develop a kinetic model for the delignification of wheat straw. An experimental design was planned to enable the development of an empirical model of the reaction kinetics for oxygen delignification of wheat straw. This was accomplished by studying the effects of substrate loading (2-4% w/w), reaction temperature (90-130°C) and caustic loading (5-15% w/w). From the experiments, an empirical model that can predict the lignin content of wheat straw after oxygen delignification pretreatment based on reaction temperature, caustic loading and lignin content was developed: (d[L])/dt= -k_L 〖[L]〗^(a₁) (k'([L]-[L₀])+[〖OH^-₀]〗)^(a₂) Where: kL = kinetic constant of lignin k’ = constant for the relationship between kinetic constant of lignin and hydroxide ion L = concentration of lignin in substrate L0 = concentration of initial lignin substrate OH0- = concentration of hydroxide ion a1 = reaction order for lignin a2 = reaction order for hydroxide ion The pretreated substrate was analyzed and showed increased sugar concentration and sugar yield when subjected to enzymatic hydrolysis at 20 FPU/g glucan. It was also found that caustic loading would become saturated when it was above 10-12% w/w. Out of all the operating parameters, caustic loading had the greatest effect on lignin solubilization, carbohydrate recovery and sugar yield. An economic analysis on the oxygen delignification pretreatment process was performed with Aspen Plus and Aspen Economic Analyzer. Using sugar produced as a basis, it was found that the pretreatment cost was 26.20 ¢/lb sugar. A sensitivity analysis was also performed on the cost of biomass, caustic (NaOH), and enzyme. It was concluded that the cost of enzyme had the most significant effect on the cost of pretreatment.
Proof theory of weak compactness
Creators: name: Arai, Toshiyasu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 03F99, 03E55

description: We show that the existence of a weakly compact cardinal over the Zermelo-Fraenkel's set theory is proof-theoretically reducible to iterations of Mostowski collapsings and Mahlo operations.
An Inverse Problem for Localization Operators
Creators: name: Abreu, Luis Daniel
name: Doerfler, Monika
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A classical result of time-frequency analysis, obtained by I. Daubechies in 1988, states that the eigenfunctions of a time-frequency localization operator with circular localization domain and Gaussian analysis window are the Hermite functions. In this contribution, a converse of Daubechies' theorem is proved. More precisely, it is shown that, for simply connected localization domains, if one of the eigenfunctions of a time-frequency localization operator with Gaussian window is a Hermite function, then its localization domain is a disc. The general problem of obtaining, from some knowledge of its eigenfunctions, information about the symbol of a time-frequency localization operator, is denoted as the inverse problem, and the problem studied by Daubechies as the direct problem of time-frequency analysis. Here, we also solve the corresponding problem for wavelet localization, providing the inverse problem analogue of the direct problem studied by Daubechies and Paul.
description: 18 pages, 1 figure
Use of non-cancer drugs and survival among patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma: a nationwide registry-based study in Norway
Creators: name: Støer, Nathalie C.
name: Bouche, Gauthier
name: Pantziarka, Pan
name: Sloan, Erica K.
name: Andreassen, Bettina K.
name: Botteri, Edoardo
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: The prognosis of pancreatic cancer is poor and new treatment strategies are urgently needed. To identify non-cancer drugs that could be re-purposed for cancer, we investigated the association between the use of selected drugs and cancer-specific mortality in a nationwide cohort of pancreatic cancer patients. The study is based on linkage between the Cancer Registry of Norway and the Norwegian Prescription Database, comprising 2614 pancreatic cancer patients diagnosed between 2007 and 2014. We evaluated the association between use at diagnosis of a pre-defined list of non-cancer drugs, including metformin, antihypertensives, and statins, and pancreatic cancer-specific mortality, using Cox regression. Patients were defined as users of a particular drug if it was prescribed before diagnosis, and the prescription covered the date of diagnosis. In total, 2096 (80.2%) patients died from pancreatic cancer; median survival was 6 months. Statin users (n = 621) had lower mortality (hazard ratio (HR): 0.86; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.76–0.97) compared to non-users (n = 1993). This association was more pronounced (P-heterogeneity 0.062) in users of hydrophilic (n = 37, HR: 0.61; 95% CI 0.42–0.90) than lipophilic (n = 587, HR: 0.87; 95% CI 0.78–0.98) statins. An indication for lower mortality (HR: 0.85; 95% CI 0.69–1.05) was observed in users of non-selective beta-blockers (n = 113) compared to non-users (n = 2501). Notably, when compared to users of other antihypertensives (n = 643), users of non-selective beta-blockers (n = 40) had lower mortality (HR 0.67; 95% CI 0.47–0.96). The use of other drugs, including selective beta-blockers and metformin, was not associated with mortality. The findings suggest an association between the use of statins and non-selective beta-blockers and reduced pancreatic cancer mortality, and add to the literature supporting the design of randomised clinical trials to evaluate those drugs in the management of pancreatic cancer.
Warnaar's bijection and colored partition identities, I
Creators: name: Sandon, Colin
name: Zanello, Fabrizio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05A17 (Primary) 05A19, 11P83, 05A15 (Secondary)

description: We provide a general and unified combinatorial framework for a number of colored partition identities, which include the five, recently proved analytically by B. Berndt, that correspond to the exceptional modular equations of prime degree due to H. Schroeter, R. Russell and S. Ramanujan. Our approach generalizes that of S. Kim, who has given a bijective proof for two of these five identities, namely the ones modulo 7 (also known as the Farkas-Kra identity) and modulo 3. As a consequence of our method, we determine bijective proofs also for the two highly nontrivial identities modulo 5 and 11, thus leaving open combinatorially only the one modulo 23.
description: Contains the first portion of the first author's MIT senior thesis (2011). Some minor revisions with respect to the previous version. To appear in JCTA
Constraints on the Nature of CID-42: Recoil Kick or Supermassive Black Hole Pair?
Creators: name: Blecha, Laura
name: Civano, Francesca
name: Elvis, Martin
name: Loeb, Abraham
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The galaxy CXOC J100043.1+020637, also known as CID-42, is a highly unusual object. An apparent galaxy merger remnant, it displays signatures of both an inspiraling, kiloparsec-scale active galactic nucleus (AGN) pair and of a recoiling AGN with a kick velocity > 1300 km s^-1. Among recoiling AGN candidates, CID-42 alone has both spatial offsets (in optical and X-ray bands) and spectroscopic offsets. In order to constrain the relative likelihood of both scenarios, we develop models using hydrodynamic galaxy merger simulations coupled with radiative transfer calculations. Our gas-rich, major merger models are generally well matched to the galactic morphology and to the inferred stellar mass and star formation rate. We show that a recoiling supermassive black hole (SMBH) in CID-42 should be observable as an AGN at the time of observation. However, in order for the recoiling AGN to produce narrow-line emission, it must be observed shortly after the kick while it still inhabits a dense gaseous region, implying a large total kick velocity (v_k > 2000 km s^-1). For the dual AGN scenario, an unusually large broad-line offset is required, and the best match to the observed morphology requires a galaxy that is less luminous than CID-42. Further, the lack of X-ray emission from one of the two optical nuclei is not easily attributed to an intrinsically quiescent SMBH or to a Compton-thick galactic environment. While the current data do not allow either the recoiling or the dual AGN scenario for CID-42 to be excluded, our models highlight the most relevant parameters for distinguishing these possibilities with future observations. In particular, high-quality, spatially-resolved spectra that can pinpoint the origin of the broad and narrow line features will be critical for determining the nature of this unique source.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures. Minor revisions; accepted to MNRAS
Genetic Divergence Study of Durum Wheat (Triticum durum Desf) Genotypes Grown in Tigray, Ethiopia
Creators: name: 1Muez Mehari, 2Solmon Fantaw, 1Haddis Yirga And 1Adhiena Mesele
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2015

description: No abstract available for this resource
The scaling of the decoherence factor of a qubit coupled to a spin chain driven across quantum critical points
Creators: name: Nag, Tanay
name: Divakaran, Uma
name: Dutta, Amit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the scaling of the decoherence factor of a qubit (spin-1/2) using the central spin model in which the central spin (qubit) is globally coupled to a transverse XY spin chain. The aim here is to study the non-equilibrium generation of decoherence when the spin chain is driven across (along) quantum critical points (lines) and derive the scaling of the decoherence factor in terms of the driving rate and some of the exponents associated with the quantum critical points. Our studies show that the scaling of logarithm of decoherence factor is identical to that of the defect density in the final state of the spin chain following a quench across isolated quantum critical points for both linear and non-linear variations of a parameter even if the defect density may not satisfy the standard Kibble-Zurek scaling. However, one finds an interesting deviation when the spin chain is driven along a critical line. Our analytical predictions are in complete agreement with numerical results. Our study, though limited to integrable two-level systems, points to the existence of a universality in the scaling of the decoherence factor which is not necessarily identical to the scaling of the defect density.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, Final and accepted version
Identifying functional single nucleotide polymorphisms in two candidate genes (PROC and PCSK9) in sepsis
Creators: name: Thain, Katherine Roberta
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2013

description: Genetic variation contributes to outcome from sepsis. A large number of associations have been observed between genetic variants and sepsis outcome, however, identification of causal single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), or their mechanisms of action, have not been successfully elucidated. The aims of this project are to identify causal variants in two candidate genes and determine whether these variants are involved in the mechanisms leading to altered outcomes in sepsis. The known pathophysiology of sepsis is complex and involves dysregulation of several systemic processes, including the coagulation and inflammatory systems. Based on this knowledge, and known literature on genetic variation in coagulation genes, PROC was chosen as a candidate gene in which to search for causal SNPs. In addition, based on the known role of lipids in sepsis, as well as the already identified causal SNPs in the PCSK9 gene, PCSK9 was selected as a second candidate gene to test the hypothesis that genetic variation in lipid mediators alters outcome in sepsis. Two intronic SNPs were found in the PROC gene (rs2069915 and rs2069916) that are in high linkage disequilibrium and appear to modify untranslated mRNA, leading to lower concentrations of circulating protein C in individuals homozygous for the major alleles of these SNPs. Furthermore, in the PCSK9 gene, an intronic SNP (rs644000) was found that appears to mark known Loss-of-Function and Gain-of-Function coding SNPs, and was associated with outcome in two cohorts of patients with septic shock, and with a reduction of cytokine levels in a subset of these patients. Additionally, using murine genetic Pcsk9 knock-out and pharmacologic inhibition strategies in a murine model of systemic bacteremia, a markedly attenuated global, cardiovascular and inflammatory cytokine response to lipopolysaccharide administration was observed. Furthermore, increased endotoxin clearance was measured after PCSK9 knock-out. Together these results indicate that reduction of PCSK9 activity in both mice and humans reduces the inflammatory response and improves outcome in septic shock. The work presented here furthers the understanding of the role played by non-coding SNPs in protein expression and has implications for a new, potentially personal, drug strategy for sepsis patients in intensive care units.
Information geometric approach to the renormalisation group
Creators: name: Bény, Cédric
name: Osborne, Tobias J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a general formulation of the renormalisation group as a family of quantum channels which connect the microscopic physical world to the observable world at some scale. By endowing the set of quantum states with an operationally motivated information geometry, we induce the space of Hamiltonians with a corresponding metric geometry. The resulting structure allows one to quantify information loss along RG flows in terms of the distinguishability of thermal states. In particular, we introduce a family of functions, expressible in terms of two-point correlation functions, which are non increasing along the flow. Among those, we study the speed of the flow, and its generalization to infinite lattices.
description: Accepted in Phys. Rev. A
Impact of human papillomavirus in sinonasal cancer—a systematic review
Creators: name: Sjöstedt, Sannia
name: von Buchwald, Christian
name: Agander, Tina Klitmøller
name: Aanaes, Kasper
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is an established prognostic marker in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Currently, the role of HPV in sinonasal carcinoma is being explored. This systematic review addresses the role of HPV in sinonasal cancer, establishing the occurrence of HPV-positive cancers and the influence of HPV-positivity on prognosis in sinonasal cancer as well as the utility of the putative surrogate marker of HPV (p16) in sinonasal cancer. Studies were identified with searches of Medline via PubMed and Embase via OVID (4 May 2020). Articles on original research concerning sinonasal cancer and HPV in humans written in English were included. Case reports with less than five cases were excluded. Initially, 545 articles were identified; 190 duplicate articles were removed leaving 355 articles for title/abstract screening. Title/abstract screening excluded 243 articles, leaving 112 studies assessed for eligibility. After full-text screening, 57 studies were included. All articles investigated the significance of HPV in sinonasal carcinomas. HPV was reported in approximately 30% of sinonasal squamous cell carcinoma (SNSCC), where it was associated with a better prognosis. In sinonasal cancer, p16 is associated with diagnostic pitfalls and a putative utility of p16 in SNSCC has yet to be established. HPV was not frequently reported in other types of sinonasal carcinomas, besides the recently described subtype, HPV-dependent Multiphenotypic Sinonasal Carcinoma. In other types of sinonasal carcinoma, HPV is not frequently found. Approximately 30% of SNSCC are HPV-positive. HPV-positivity in SNSCC is associated with improved survival. HPV occurs only rarely in other sinonasal cancers. There is currently not sufficient evidence for p16 as a surrogate marker of HPV in SNSCC.
Amblyops G. O. Sars 1872
Creators: name: Murano, Masaaki
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Malacostraca
Mysida
Mysidae
Amblyops

description: Amblyops sp. 3   (Fig. 24)
 Material examined. On e adult(?) male (damaged, ca. 15 mm), NSMT-Cr 21369, “Tansei Maru”, KT-66- 14 Cruise, St. 184-6, 34°43.5′N 139°37.2′E to 34°40.0′N 139°38.5′E east of Izu-Ohshima Island, Izu Islands, Japan (depth of sea oor, 1990 m), 24 July 1966, 03:07–04:42, oblique+horizontal haul (from 1750 to 600 m) with ORI net.
 Remarks.A positive identi cation to species is impossible because of the lack of the telson. fflis specimen is characterized by the following features: (1) the eyeplate (Fig. 24A, B) is considerably wider than long and provided with a conspicuous papilliform projection on the anteromedian margin; (2) the antennal scale (Fig. 24A, C) is elongated (four times as long as wide) and extends beyond the distal margin of the antennular peduncle by more than half its length; (3) the genital organ of the male (Fig. 24D) is conical and armed with two hooked setae on the apex; (4) a small and conical sternal process (Fig. 24E) is present between the genital organs; (5) the rst male pleopod (Fig. 24F) has a 15-segmented exopod and an unsegmented endopod extending to the seventh segment of exopod; and (6) the uropodal endopod (Fig. 24G) is armed with a single slender spine on the inner margin in the statocyst region.
description: Published as part of Murano, Masaaki, 2012, The Genus Amblyops (Crustacea: Mysida: Mysidae: Erythropinae) from East Asia and Australia, with Descriptions of Ten New Species, pp. 49-85 in Species Diversity 17 (1) on page 81, DOI: 10.12782/sd.17.1.049, http://zenodo.org/record/10081705
Generalized unparticles, zeros of the Green function, and momentum space topology of the lattice model with overlap fermions
Creators: name: Zubkov, M. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The definition of topological invariants $\tilde{\cal N}_4, \tilde{\cal N}_5$ suggested in \cite{VZ2012} is extended to the case, when there are zeros and poles of the Green function in momentum space. It is shown how to extend the index theorem suggested in \cite{VZ2012} to this case. The non - analytical exceptional points of the Green function appear in the intermediate vacuum, which exists at the transition line between the massive vacua with different values of topological invariants. Their number is related to the jump $Δ\tilde{\cal N}_4$ across the transition. The given construction is illustrated by momentum space topology of the lattice model with overlap fermions. In the vicinities of the given points the fermion excitations appear that cannot be considered as usual fermion particles. We, therefore, feel this appropriate to call them generalized unparticles. This notion is, in general case different from the Georgi's unparticle. However, in the case of lattice overlap fermions the propagator of such excitations is indeed that of the fermionic unparticle suggested in \cite{fermion_unparticle}.
description: Latex, 17 pp, accepted for publication in Phys.Rev.D
Impact of delay in diagnosis and treatment-initiation on disease stage and survival in oral cavity cancer: a systematic review
Creators: name: Lauritzen, Benedicte Bitsch
name: Jensen, Jakob Schmidt
name: Grønhøj, Christian
name: Wessel, Irene
name: von Buchwald, Christian
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: This study aimed to systematically review the literature on the impact of delay in diagnosis and treatment of oral cavity cancer. PubMed and Embase were systematically searched for articles reporting impact of delay in diagnosis and treatment on cancer-stage and survival of oral cavity cancer. Studies comprising at least ten patients, and published since the year 2000, were included. Sixteen studies (n = 45,001, range: 62–18,677 per study, 83% men), from Australia, Asia, Europe, North America and South America, met the inclusion criteria. Eleven studies (n = 1,460) examined delay in diagnosis, while five studies (n = 43,541) reported delay in treatment. Eight of the eleven studies, examining delay in diagnosis (n = 1,220), analyzed the correlation between delay in diagnosis and tumor stage at diagnosis. Three studies found a significant correlation between patient delay and advanced stage at diagnosis (p p p p A significant correlation between patient delay and advanced stage cancer was reported in Asian studies only, while professional delay and total diagnostic delay were generally found to be non-correlated with advanced stage cancer at diagnosis. TTI was in some studies reported to be correlated with poorer outcome, while other studies did not report a correlation. One study presented that there was no clear advantage in overall survival (OS) for patients treated within 30 days, compared to patients treated between 30 and 44 days.
A fast empirical method for galaxy shape measurements in weak lensing surveys
Creators: name: Tewes, M.
name: Cantale, N.
name: Courbin, F.
name: Kitching, T. D.
name: Meylan, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe a simple and fast method to correct ellipticity measurements of galaxies from the distortion by the instrumental and atmospheric point spread function (PSF), in view of weak lensing shear measurements. The method performs a classification of galaxies and associated PSFs according to measured shape parameters, and corrects the measured galaxy ellipticites by querying a large lookup table (LUT), built by supervised learning. We have applied this new method to the GREAT10 image analysis challenge, and present in this paper a refined solution that obtains the competitive quality factor of Q = 104, without any shear power spectrum denoising or training. Of particular interest is the efficiency of the method, with a processing time below 3 ms per galaxy on an ordinary CPU.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures. Metric values updated according to the final GREAT10 analysis software (Kitching et al. 2012, MNRAS 423, 3163-3208), no qualitative changes. Associated code available at http://lastro.epfl.ch/megalut
Thermophoresis of Brownian particles driven by coloured noise
Creators: name: Hottovy, Scott
name: Volpe, Giovanni
name: Wehr, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Brownian motion of microscopic particles is driven by the collisions with the molecules of the surrounding fluid. The noise associated with these collisions is not white, but coloured due, e.g., to the presence of hydrodynamic memory. The noise characteristic time scale is typically of the same order as the time over which the particle's kinetic energy is lost due to friction (inertial time scale). We demonstrate theoretically that, in the presence of a temperature gradient, the interplay between these two characteristic time scales can have measurable consequences on the particle long-time behaviour. Using homogenization theory, we analyse the infinitesimal generator of the stochastic differential equation describing the system in the limit where the two characteristic times are taken to zero; from this generator, we derive the thermophoretic transport coefficient, which, we find, can vary in both magnitude and sign, as observed in experiments. Furthermore, studying the long-term stationary particle distribution, we show that particles can accumulate towards the colder (positive thermophoresis) or the warmer (negative thermophoresis) regions depending on the dependence of their physical parameters and, in particular, their mobility on the temperature.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures
Construction of carbo- and oxacycles using radical relay cyclizations initiated by alkoxy radicals
Creators: name: Zhu, Hai
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2013

description: An investigation of a versatile radical relay cyclization methodology for the rapid construction of carbo- and heterocycles from simple linear precursors has been presented in this thesis. This thesis mainly focuses on 1,5-hydrogen atom translocation and subsequent cyclization reactions (radical relay cyclization reactions). In Chapter 1, an up-to-date literature review of this concept (radical relay cyclization) is presented including 1,5-hydrogen translocation reactions initiated by carbon radicals as well as oxygen and nitrogen radicals. In Chapter 2, the formation of cyclopentane and cyclohexane derivatives utilizing radical relay cyclization reactions initiated by alkoxy radicals has been described. The diastereoselectivity of final carbocycles is discussed. In Chapter 3, the formation of 1,2-disubstituted tetrahydrofuran and tetrahydropyran derivatives utilizing radical relay cyclization reactions has been described. With the incorporation of an oxygen atom into the precursors, the diastereoselectivity has been increased dramatically compared to carbon analogs. In Chapter 4, the formation of 2,3,5-trisubstituted tetrahydrofuran derivatives utilizing radical relay cyclization reactions has been described. With the strategic incorporation of an oxygen atom into cyclization precursors, 1,5-hydrogen atom translocation and subsequent cyclization reactions are able to compete over direct cyclization reactions and β-fragmentation reactions through the dative control. Furthermore, the incorporation of an oxygen atom into precursors enables 1,6-hydrogen atom translocation reactions to outcompete 1,5-hydrogen atom translocation reactions. In Chapter 5, the application of this radical relay cyclization methodology for the synthesis of the tetrahydrofuran fragment within (–)-amphidinolide K has been demonstrated. The final fragment in (–)-amphidinolide K can be achieved in 60% yield with a >95:5 ratio of cis to trans isomers.
Message-Passing Algorithms for Channel Estimation and Decoding Using Approximate Inference
Creators: name: Badiu, Mihai-Alin
name: Kirkelund, Gunvor Elisabeth
name: Manchón, Carles Navarro
name: Riegler, Erwin
name: Fleury, Bernard Henri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We design iterative receiver schemes for a generic wireless communication system by treating channel estimation and information decoding as an inference problem in graphical models. We introduce a recently proposed inference framework that combines belief propagation (BP) and the mean field (MF) approximation and includes these algorithms as special cases. We also show that the expectation propagation and expectation maximization algorithms can be embedded in the BP-MF framework with slight modifications. By applying the considered inference algorithms to our probabilistic model, we derive four different message-passing receiver schemes. Our numerical evaluation demonstrates that the receiver based on the BP-MF framework and its variant based on BP-EM yield the best compromise between performance, computational complexity and numerical stability among all candidate algorithms.
description: Accepted for publication in the Proceedings of 2012 IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory
Quantum integrability in systems with finite number of levels
Creators: name: Yuzbashyan, Emil A.
name: Shastry, B. Sriram
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the problem of defining quantum integrability in systems with finite number of energy levels starting from commuting matrices and construct new general classes of such matrix models with a given number of commuting partners. We argue that if the matrices depend on a (real) parameter, one can define quantum integrability from this feature alone, leading to specific results such as exact solvability, Poissonian energy level statistics and to level crossings.
description: 10 pages, 1 figure, journal version, new material added
Singular topologies in the Boulatov model
Creators: name: Carrozza, Sylvain
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Through the question of singular topologies in the Boulatov model, we illustrate and summarize some of the recent advances in Group Field Theory.
description: 4 pages; proceedings of Loops'11 (May 2011, Madrid); v2: minor modifications matching published version
Convergence of scalar-flat metrics on manifolds with boundary under a Yamabe-type flow
Creators: name: Almaraz, Sergio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35J65, 53C25

description: We study a conformal flow for compact Riemannian manifolds of dimension greater than two with boundary. Convergence to a scalar-flat metric with constant mean curvature on the boundary is established in dimensions up to seven, and in any dimensions if the manifold is spin or if it satisfies a generic condition.
description: Title slightly changed. Introduction improved and changed to include the recent results (arXiv:1407.0673) on Conjecture 1.5. Appendix C removed and published as a separate paper (arXiv:1508.01058). Although Appendix B was shortened for publication, this arxiv version remains complete and unchanged. Some typos corrected. 71 pages
A simple model for nanofiber formation by rotary jet-spinning
Creators: name: Mellado, Paula
name: McIlwee, Holly A.
name: Badrossamay, Mohammad R.
name: Goss, Josue A.
name: Mahadevan, L.
name: Parker, K
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nanofibers are microstructured materials that span a broad range of applications from tissue engineering scaffolds to polymer transistors. An efficient method of nanofiber production is Rotary Jet-Spinning (RJS), consisting of a perforated reservoir rotating at high speeds along its axis of symmetry, which propels a liquid, polymeric jet out of the reservoir orifice. These jets undergo stretching and solidify forming nanoscale fibers. We report a minimal scaling framework complemented by a semi-analytic and numerical approach to characterize the regimes of nanofiber production using RJS. Our theoretical model is validated for the fiber radius as a function of experimentally tunable parameters. We summarize our findings in a phase diagram for the design space of continuous nanofibers as a function of process parameters, in good agreement with experiments and with natural implications for the production rates as well as in the morphological quality of fibers.
Stage I lung cancer patients with or without symptoms – are the patients different and should we treat them differently?
Creators: name: Bredtoft, Ebbe Noer
name: Madsen, Heidi Helena
name: Rasmussen, Torben Riis
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: A large proportion of stage I cancers are found incidentally, which appears to be a prognostic factor. We investigated stage I lung cancers according to whether, or not, there had been clinical suspicion of lung cancer prior to referral and to see, if we could detect any difference regarding patient characteristics, work-up and mortality for incidental vs non-incidental findings as well as for asymptomatic vs symptomatic patients. Medical records and referral documents for 177 patients diagnosed with stage I lung cancer were reviewed and divided based on whether the initial CT scan leading to diagnosis had been made due to suspicion of lung cancer or not. Patient characteristics and mortality between groups were compared, as well as mortality between patients with and without symptoms at the time of diagnosis. One-hundred-and-eight patients were diagnosed incidentally, while 69 patients were non-incidental findings. Among the incidental findings, 55% had no symptoms, whereas none in the non-incidental group were asymptomatic. Personal characteristics were comparable between the groups. Significantly more patients in the incidental group had malignant comorbidity. Non-malignant chronic co-morbidity was more prevalent in the non-incidental group, in particular lung disease. There was no difference in tumour size, histology, or survival for incidental vs non-incidental or for asymptomatic vs symptomatic patients. A large proportion of stage I lung cancers are found incidentally, especially in patients with malignant co-morbidity. We found no difference in survival to indicate that we did or should handle these patient groups differently.
A simple proof of Duquesne's theorem on contour processes of conditioned Galton-Watson trees
Creators: name: Kortchemski, Igor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We give a simple new proof of a theorem of Duquesne, stating that the properly rescaled contour function of a critical aperiodic Galton-Watson tree, whose offspring distribution is in the domain of attraction of a stable law of index $θ\in (1,2]$, conditioned on having total progeny $n$, converges in the functional sense to the normalized excursion of the continuous-time height function of a strictly stable spectrally positive Lévy process of index $θ$. To this end, we generalize an idea of Le Gall which consists in using an absolute continuity relation between the conditional probability of having total progeny exactly $n$ and the conditional probability of having total progeny at least $n$. This new method is robust and can be adapted to establish invariance theorems for Galton-Watson trees having $n$ vertices whose degrees are prescribed to belong to a fixed subset of the positive integers.
description: 16 pages, 2 figures. Published version
Finite type invariants of rational homology 3-spheres
Creators: name: Moussard, Delphine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider the rational vector space generated by all rational homology spheres up to orientation-preserving homeomorphism, and the filtration defined on this space by Lagrangian-preserving rational homology handlebody replacements. We identify the graded space associated with this filtration with a graded space of augmented Jacobi diagrams.
Sarcoïdose à localisation hépatosplénique : description d’un cas au Centre hospitalier universitaire de Bazzaville, Congo
Creators: name: ELIRA DOKEKIAS, Alexis
name: ADEGBINNI AKANDE, Rachad
name: GALIBA ATIPO-TSIBA, Firmine Olivia
name: OCINI NGOLET, Lydie
name: MIKOUIYI NGOULOU, Richard
name: ELIRA SAMBA, Jennifer
name: MASSAMBA MIABAOU, Didace
name: MOUKASSA, Donatien
Publisher: name: MTSI
Year: 2024

description: Hepatosplenic sarcoidosis: description of a case at the University hospital center of Brazzaville, Congo

Sarcoidosis is a multisystem inflammatory disease of unknown etiology. The isolated extrapulmonary form is rare. We report the case of hepatosplenic sarcoidosis in a 29-year-old female patient.

It is a patient with no notable medical history, who was seen in consultation for repeated epistaxis. Clinical examination noted nodular hepatomegaly associated with signs of portal hypertension and splenomegaly. Sedimentation rate, alkaline phosphatase, serum angiotensin converting enzyme, aminotransferases were high. Histological examination of the spleen and liver biopsy noted granulomatous inflammatory infiltration without cancerous lesion or tonsil stones.

This picture is comparable with sarcoidosis, despite the absence of PET scans. The main challenge remains the differential diagnosis with other granulomatoses. Corticosteroid therapy is the first-line treatment, and after splenectomy the patient has achieved clinical and biological stability.

Sarcoïdose à localisation hépatosplénique : description d’un cas au Centre hospitalier universitaire de Bazzaville, Congo

La sarcoïdose est une maladie inflammatoire multisystémique d’étiologie inconnue. La forme extrapulmonaire isolée est rare. Nous rapportons le cas d’une sarcoïdose hépatosplénique chez une patiente de 29 ans.

Il s’agit d’une patiente sans antécédents médicaux notables, qui a été reçue en consultation pour des épistaxis répétées. L’examen clinique a noté une hépatomégalie nodulaire associée à des signes d’hypertension portale et une splénomégalie. La vitesse de sédimentation, les phosphatases alcalines, le taux sérique de l’enzyme de conversion de l’angiotensine, les aminotransférases étaient élevées. L’examen histologique de la rate et de la biopsie hépatique a noté une infiltration inflammatoire granulomateuse sans lésion cancéreuse et sans caséum.

Ce tableau est compatible avec une sarcoïdose malgré l’absence de PET-Scan. Le principal défi reste le diagnostic différentiel avec les autres granulomatoses. La corticothérapie est le traitement de première intention ayant permis après splénectomie une stabilité clinique et biologique.
description: MTSI, Vol. 4 No 1 (2024): MTSI-Revue
Water footprint of coastal tourism facilities in small island developing states : a case-study of a beach resort in the Maldives
Creators: name: Orellana Lazo, Miguel
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2013

description: Research on climate change indicates that the risk of water scarcity at many remote tourist destinations will increase in the next few decades. Tourism development puts strong pressure on freshwater resources, the availability of which is especially limited in remote areas. At locations with no access to conventional water sources, tourism facilities require supply alternatives, such as desalinated or imported water, which implies elevated energy demands and carbon emissions. In this context, a shift in the way freshwater use is assessed is crucial for moving toward a more sustainable model of water management for tourism development. This research adapts the Water Footprint framework to the design of tourism facilities and explains how and why this is a promising model for water accounting in isolated locations. Defined as 'an indicator of freshwater resources appropriation', the Water Footprint concept was introduced by Hoekstra in 2002. This methodology goes beyond the conventional direct water use assessment model, upon which most common benchmarking systems in sustainable tourism are based. Measuring the water footprint of a tourism facility allows operators and design teams to understand the environmental and socio-economic impacts associated with its direct and indirect water uses. Furthermore, this methodology enables a holistic consideration of all the water system components: supply, demand, and wastewater. Based on this framework, this thesis presents a Water Footprint Design Tool (Tool) for designers to use in the early stages of design. This Tool enables design teams to run various scenarios and understand how different water system designs can impact the footprint of a project. A case-study of a beach resort in the Maldives illustrates the application of the Tool in a specific context. The results showed that significant desalinated water footprint reductions (75.5%, 80.6% and 95.5%, depending on the precipitation year) could be achieved through the application of a series of water-saving strategies. Finally, this research introduces a three-scale process to be applied in new tourism development operations. This framework allows designers to easily identify which areas need improvement in order to achieve more ambitious water goals that would help make tourism development more sustainable in the future.
Prognostic role of pre-treatment magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based radiomic analysis in effectively cured head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients
Creators: name: Alfieri, Salvatore
name: Romanò, Rebecca
name: Bologna, Marco
name: Calareso, Giuseppina
name: Corino, Valentina
name: Mirabile, Aurora
name: Ferri, Andrea
name: Bellanti, Luca
name: Poli, Tito
name: Marcantoni, Alessandra
name: Grosso, Enrica
name: Tarsitano, Achille
name: Battaglia, Salvatore
name: Blengio, Fulvia
name: De Martino, Iolanda
name: Valerini, Sara
name: Vecchio, Stefania
name: Richetti, Antonella
name: Deantonio, Letizia
name: Martucci, Francesco
name: Grammatica, Alberto
name: Ravanelli, Marco
name: Ibrahim, Toni
name: Caruso, Damiano
name: Locati, Laura Deborah
name: Orlandi, Ester
name: Bossi, Paolo
name: Mainardi, Luca
name: Licitra, Lisa F.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer

description: To identify and validate baseline magnetic resonance imaging (b-MRI) radiomic features (RFs) as predictors of disease outcomes in effectively cured head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients. Training set (TS) and validation set (VS) were retrieved from preexisting datasets (HETeCo and BD2Decide trials, respectively). Only patients with both pre- and post-contrast enhancement T1 and T2-weighted b-MRI and at least 2 years of follow-up (FUP) were selected. The combination of the best extracted RFs was used to classify low risk (LR) vs. high risk (HR) of disease recurrence. Sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve (AUC) of the radiomic model were computed on both TS and VS. Overall survival (OS) and 5-year disease-free survival (DFS) Kaplan–Meier (KM) curves were compared for LR vs. HR. The radiomic-based risk class was used in a multivariate Cox model, including well-established clinical prognostic factors (TNM, sub-site, human papillomavirus [HPV]). In total, 57 patients of TS and 137 of VS were included. Three RFs were selected for the signature. Sensitivity of recurrence risk classifier was 0.82 and 0.77, specificity 0.78 and 0.81, AUC 0.83 and 0.78 for TS and VS, respectively. VS KM curves for LR vs. HR groups significantly differed both for 5-year DFS (pp=.0004). A combined model of RFs plus TNM improved prognostic performance as compared to TNM alone, both for VS 5-year DFS (C-index: 0.76 vs. 0.60) and OS (C-index: 0.74 vs. 0.64). Radiomics of b-MRI can help to predict recurrence and survival outcomes in HNSCC.
Energy-momentum tensor form factors of the nucleon in nuclear matter
Creators: name: Kim, Hyun-Chul
name: Schweitzer, Peter
name: Yakhshiev, Ulugbek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nucleon form factors of the energy-momentum tensor are studied in nuclear medium in the framework of the in-medium modified Skyrme model. We obtain a negative D-term, in agreement with results from other approaches, and find that medium effects make the value of d_1 more negative.
description: 9 pages, 11 figures. Some typos were removed and one reference was added
Pogonortalis Hendel, in de Meijere 1911
Creators: name: McAlpine, D. K.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Platystomatidae
Pogonortalis

description: Pogonortalis Hendel
 Pogonortalis Hendel, in de Meijere 1911: 370 (footnote). Type species (monotypy) Pogonortalis uncinata de Meijere.
Diagnostic characters for the genus are as given in the above key to genera and the more comprehensive key by McAlpine (2001). In addition, the wing features shown in Fig. 6 are distinctive among New Caledonian flies.
 Distribution. Australasian Region: Micronesia — Guam; Australia —southern and eastern parts, including Lord Howe Island and Tasmania (latter a new record—Bruny Island, AM); Norfolk Island; New Caledonia (see below). Oriental Region: Java. Nearctic Region: California (introduced).
description: Published as part of McAlpine, D. K., 2007, New Taxa of Signal Flies (Diptera: Platystomatidae) of New Caledonia, pp. 65-77 in Records of the Australian Museum 59 (1) on page 72, DOI: 10.3853/j.0067-1975.59.2007.1485, http://zenodo.org/record/10082222