cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Reputation Agent: Prompting Fair Reviews in Gig Markets
Creators: name: Toxtli, Carlos
name: Richmond-Fuller, Angela
name: Savage, Saiph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.7

description: Our study presents a new tool, Reputation Agent, to promote fairer reviews from requesters (employers or customers) on gig markets. Unfair reviews, created when requesters consider factors outside of a worker's control, are known to plague gig workers and can result in lost job opportunities and even termination from the marketplace. Our tool leverages machine learning to implement an intelligent interface that: (1) uses deep learning to automatically detect when an individual has included unfair factors into her review (factors outside the worker's control per the policies of the market); and (2) prompts the individual to reconsider her review if she has incorporated unfair factors. To study the effectiveness of Reputation Agent, we conducted a controlled experiment over different gig markets. Our experiment illustrates that across markets, Reputation Agent, in contrast with traditional approaches, motivates requesters to review gig workers' performance more fairly. We discuss how tools that bring more transparency to employers about the policies of a gig market can help build empathy thus resulting in reasoned discussions around potential injustices towards workers generated by these interfaces. Our vision is that with tools that promote truth and transparency we can bring fairer treatment to gig workers.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures, The Web Conference 2020, ACM WWW 2020
Electrostatic- and Parallel Magnetic Field- Tuned Two Dimensional Superconductor-Insulator Transitions
Creators: name: Parendo, Kevin A.
name: Tan, K. H. Sarwa B.
name: Goldman, A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The 2D superconductor-insulator transition in disordered ultrathin amorphous bismuth films has been tuned both by electrostatic electron doping using the electric field effect and by the application of parallel magnetic fields. Electrostatic doping was carried out in both zero and nonzero magnetic fields, and magnetic tuning was conducted at multiple strengths of electrostatically induced superconductivity. The transitions were analyzed using finite size scaling with critical exponent products nu*z = 0.65-0.7. The parallel critical magnetic field increased with electron transfer as (dn_c-dn)^0.33, where dn is the electron transfer and dn_c is its critical value, and the critical resistance decreased linearly with dn. However at lower temperatures, in the insulating regime, the resistance became larger than expected from extrapolation of its temperature dependence at higher temperatures, and scaling failed. These observations imply that although the electrostatic- and parallel magnetic field- tuned superconductor-insulator transitions would appear to belong to the same universality class and to be delineated by a robust phase boundary that can be crossed either by tuning electron density or magnetic field, in the case of the field-tuned transition at the lowest temperatures, some different type of physical behavior turns on in the insulating regime.
description: About 11 pages, with 14 figures. To be submitted to Phys Rev B
An investigation of the Jeux de timbres in Claude Vivier’s Orion and his other instrumental works of 1979-80
Creators: name: Braes, Ross
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: In 1979-80 Claude Vivier wrote four essentially instrumental works which comprise an important phase in his compositional oeuvre—after completion of his only opera Kopernikus (14 May 1979), and before his trip to Europe in November 1980. During these 18 months Vivier strove to devise a new musical language of chord-colours ("couleurs"), based on a compositional substratum ("jeux de timbres") in three wholly instrumental works: Orion (6 October 1979) for orchestra; Zipangu (13 August 1980) for string orchestra; and Cinq chansons pour percussion (26 September 1980) for percussion group. In contrast, Lonely Child (5 March 1980) for soprano and orchestra introduces a modified version of frequency modulation (which I call additive synthesis) to produce couleurs, eliminating the jeux de timbres stage entirely. After his return to Montreal in early 1981, Vivier's musical language embraced additive synthesis as a way of producing chord-colours, beginning with Prologue pour un Marco Polo (1 March 1981). The /<?wx de timbres (Vivier's highly idiosyncratic interpretation of Klangfarbenmelodie) forms a crucial pre-compositional stage for the "couleurs" of the instrumental works in question. In Orion chord-colours are achieved through imaginative orchestral settings of thejeux. Two subsequent works use extra-notational techniques to produce chordcolours from their jeux: avant-garde techniques with crushed string sounds or sul ponticello effects in Zipangu, and performance-based outcomes of specified pitches with Balinese and Chinese gongs in Cinq chansons pour percussion. I examine sketch materials for the three pieces to extrapolate their various musical processes, especially the jeux de timbres, and to show that Orion presents the most intricate, yet clearest theoretical design.
Generating Revenues from WTP for Ecosystem Restoration: An Auction Experiment on Public Goods
Creators: name: Smith, Elizabeth C.
name: Swallow, Stephen K.
name: Smith, Elizabeth C.
name: Swallow, Stephen K.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: experimental economics
subject: valuation
subject: public goods
subject: ecosystem services

description: Research on public good auctions is intended to initiate development on new approaches to finance public goods, beyond government and philanthropic efforts. The researchers evaluate the potential to identify economic value for a subset of ecosystem services and markets that have the potential to provide for them. Empirical analysis focuses on public valuation for three specific types of ecosystem activities (bird habitat, sea grass restoration and shellfish restoration) in coastal Virginia. Data was collected using a field experiment employing an experimental auction approach with mechanisms to reduce free riding often seen in the experimental economics literature. These incentive mechanisms are applied to individual restoration activities and willingness to pay estimates are compared to a baseline choice experiment that employs an incentive compatible, majority vote mechanism and actual (not hypothetical) money payments. A conditional logit model, rooted in McFadden’s choice theory, is used to examine the trade-offs between ecosystem restoration activities to estimate willingness to pay, while interval regressions are applied to individualized price auctions. Linear and nonlinear models are estimated to check for validity and sensitivity to scope.
Linear Hamiltonians on homogeneous Kähler manifolds of coherent states
Creators: name: Berceanu, S.
name: Gheorghe, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81R30;20C33;17B10;32WXX

description: Representations of coherent state Lie algebras on coherent state manifolds as first order differential operators are presented. The explicit expressions of the differential action of the generators of semisimple Lie groups determine for linear Hamiltonians in the generators of the groups first order differential equations of motion with holomorphic polynomials coefficients. For hermitian symmetric manifolds the equations of motion are matrix Riccati equations. It is presented the simplest example of the non-symmetric space $SU(3)/S(U(1)\times U(1)\times U(1))$ where the polynomials describing the equations of motion have the maximum degree 3.
description: 22 pages, LATEX2E, ams fonts, The Fifth International Workshop on Differential Geometry and Its Applications, September 18-22, 2001, Timi\c soara - ROMANIA
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF COST-EFFECTIVENESS OF CO-REGULATORY APPROACHES TO FOOD SAFETY CONTROLS
Creators: name: Hussein, Mohamud
name: Fearne, Andrew
name: Martinez, Marian Garcia
name: Di Falco, Salvatore
name: Hussein, Mohamud
name: Fearne, Andrew
name: Martinez, Marian Garcia
name: Di Falco, Salvatore
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: cost-effectiveness
subject: co-regulation
subject: food safety
subject: incentives
subject: panel data modelling

description: Food safety controls are currently enforced in the UK by a variety of regulatory approaches that considerably differ in their efficiency and effectiveness in achieving social goals of safe food supply and improved consumer confidence. Aim of this study is to establish whether a coregulatory enforcement of these controls is more cost-effective than the traditional command-and- control enforcement modes. First of its kind, the study reviewed a vast theoretical literature on economics of food safety and incentives to develop a conceptual framework and appropriate methodology for comparative cost-effectiveness analysis of co-regulatory approaches to food hygiene controls in the UK meat industry. A panel data on costs and compliance of 710 meat firms operating in the UK and Northern Ireland is collected analysed using fixed-effects model. Results of this analysis show that the co-regulatory approaches can be cost-effective when regulators are capable of devising incentive mechanism that encourages compliance. These findings call for a systematic evaluation of existing regulatory and market incentives to facilitate a more widespread consideration of co-regulation in the UK food industry and supply chains, particularly in sectors that do not presently lend themselves to co-regulation. The findings of the study have empirical implications for food policymakers, analysts and enforcement officers engaged in the analysis, development and implementation of strategies for improving food safety.
Steady Motion of a Rigid Disk of Finite Thickness on a Horizontal Plane
Creators: name: Batista, Milan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The article discusses the steady motion of a rigid disk of finite thickness rolling on its edge on a horizontal plane under the influence of gravity. The governing equations are presented and two cases allowing for a steady state solution are considered: rolling on consistently rough ground and rolling on perfectly smooth ground. The conditions of steady motion are derived for both kinds of ground and it is shown that the possible steady motion of a disk is either on a straight line in a circle. Also oscillations about steady state are discussed and conditions for stable motion are established.
description: 28 pages, 7 figures
Comparing the Conventional Stated Preference Valuation Technique with a Prediction Approach.
Creators: name: Yadav, Lava
name: Van Rensburg, Tom M.
name: Kelley, Hugh
name: Yadav, Lava
name: Van Rensburg, Tom M.
name: Kelley, Hugh
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Stated Preference Techniques
subject: Discrete Choice Experiments
subject: Hypothetical Bias
subject: Social Desirability Bias
subject: Lake Wabegon Effect
subject: False Consensus Effect
subject: Willingness to Pay

description: Stated preference techniques have been used to place values on public goods by directly asking individuals to provide their personal values and opinions. This method has consistently resulted in the emergence of hypothetical bias. Several insights from the psychology literature suggest that social desirability bias, a contributor to hypothetical bias, occurs when individuals face such direct questions. However, replacing the direct questions with an indirect one that asks for their predictions about other’s values can potentially eliminate this bias. In this study we employ both questioning formats in a choice experiment to make comparisons between the stated responses. Predicted willingness to pay is 2.5 and 3.1 times smaller than hypothetical values indicating predictions to be a more accurate measure of actual values. The study further highlights the vulnerability of the conventional approach to a social desirability bias as it allows normative motives to distort respondents’ decisions, which in turn generates preferences for environmental attributes that are misleading.
Copenhagen meets Doha: Greenhouse gas emission reduction and trade liberalization in Norwegian agriculture
Creators: name: Blandford, David
name: Gaasland, Ivar
name: Vardal, Erling
name: Blandford, David
name: Gaasland, Ivar
name: Vardal, Erling
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy

description: As a result of substantial government support, Norway is more or less self-sufficient in its main agricultural products. This contributes to both trade distortions and higher greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. In multinational negotiations separate efforts are being made to liberalize trade (through the World Trade Organization) and to reduce global GHG emissions (through the United Nations). Using a model of Norwegian agriculture, we explore interconnections between trade liberalization and GHG emission reductions. We show that the Doha proposals would involve no major cut in either agricultural production or GHG emissions due to weakness in the disciplines on trade distorting support. We contrast further trade liberalization and the use of a carbon tax to achieve emission reductions. Trade liberalization involves relatively large impacts on agricultural activity. Trade distortions decrease, and, economic welfare increases substantially due to lower production. For a high cost country like Norway, this indicates that the GHG abatement cost is negative in the sector if no value is attributed to agricultural activity beyond the world market price of food. A more targeted policy to reduce GHG emissions is to use a carbon tax. Compared to the trade liberalization case, both production and land use can be kept at a higher level with only a modest decrease in economic welfare. The side-effect is, however, higher trade distortions
The Schrodinger Equation, Reversibility and the Grover Algorithm
Creators: name: Martin-Delgado, M. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Several aspects of the time-dependent Schrodinger equation are discussed in the context of Quantum Information Theory.
description: Cotribution to the book dedicated to Prof. Alberto Galindo, on occasion of his seventieth birthday. Uses svmult style
title: Genetics behind the variability in sensitivity to the demethylation inhibitor (DMI) fungicides myclobutanil and tebuconazole in Venturia inaequalis
Creators: name: Cordero Limon, Laura
Publisher: name: University of Reading
Year: 2018

description: DMI (Demethylation Inhibitor) fungicides are the family of fungicides most commonly used for the post infection control of apple scab disease, which is produced by the fungus Venturia inaequalis. One of the most widely used DMI fungicides in the UK and many other countries is myclobutanil. Strains resistant to myclobutanil have been reported across the world, prompting a need to find new products effective against the disease and to improve the existing knowledge about the genetics behind the resistance and the evolution process. Attempts to design a new microplate-based assay to test for fungicide resistance were unsuccessful. A total of 40 isolates coming from two sources (a baseline orchard which had never been sprayed with fungicides and a collection of orchards with disease control problems thought to be a result from cases of fungicide resistance) were tested for resistance to fungicides myclobutanil and tebuconazole, a recently introduced DMI fungicide. Results confirm the trend of increased resistance to myclobutanil observed in other countries. Cross-resistance was discovered between the two chemicals, which lowers the prospects of tebuconazole to be used as a substitute to myclobutanil. Sequencing of the target CYP51A1 gene did not find any mutations linked to resistance in the gene sequence. An analysis of the progeny of a RxS cross for sensitivity to tebuconazole revealed quantitative control of the sensitivity, involving at least two genes, in the studied cross and possibly epistatic effects, reflected by the asymmetric distribution of the sensitivity in the progeny. Computer modelling of the evolution of the resistance helped identify some factors that can influence the rate of evolution. Most of the factors tested had a small effect on the evolution (epistasis and inclusion of overwintered conidia in the primary inoculum). The biggest effects were for fungicide coverage and fungicides with a strong post-symptomatic antisporulant activity.
Random walk of a massive quasiparticle in the phonon gas of an ultralow temperature superfluid
Creators: name: Castin, Yvan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a 3D homogeneous superfluid at low temperature $T$ with 2 types of excitations, gapless phonons with a linear dispersion relation at low wavenumber, and gapped quasiparticles with a quadratic dispersion relation around extrema. We calculate the scattering amplitude of a phonon on a quasiparticle to leading order in $T$ for all subsonic quasiparticle velocities, with a $S$-matrix formalism between exact asymptotic states dressed by virtual phonons. We then characterize the erratic motion of the quasiparticle in the superfluid due to its unceasing collisions with thermal phonons through mean force $F(k)$, longitudinal and transverse $k$-dependent momentum diffusion coefficients, and spatial diffusion coefficient. At the minimum location $k_0$ of the dispersion relation, where the velocity vanishes, $F(k)$ varies linearly with velocity with an isotropic friction coefficient; if $k_0=0$, the momentum diffusion is also isotropic and $F(k_0)=0$; if $k_0>0$, it is not, and $F(k_0)$ is nonzero but subleading with respect to friction by one order in $T$. The velocity time correlation function, whose integral is the spatial diffusion coefficient, decays with the mean velocity damping rate if $k_0=0$; if $k_0>0$, it has a second exponential component, with an amplitude and a damping rate lower by a factor $\propto T$ (it is the velocity direction thermalization rate). We also characterize force and momentum diffusion close to the stability domain sonic edge. Our general expressions are expected to be exact to leading order in $T$. We illustrate them in the BCS approximation, for a fermionic quasiparticle (an unpaired fermion) in a superfluid of spin 1/2 fermions, realisable with cold atoms in flat bottom traps. We also refute the statement of Lerch, Bartosch and Kopietz (2008), that there would be no fermionic quasiparticle in such a superfluid.
description: final (published) version, in English (38 pages) and in French (38 pages)
Investigating the Influence of Consciousness Energy Fields on Quantum Measurement: An Improved Double-Slit Interference Experiment Design
Creators: name: Huang, Tao
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 510899
subject: Quantum physics not elsewhere classified

description: The issue of wave function collapse in quantum mechanics has long been a topic of scientific inquiry. This paper proposes an improved double-slit interference experiment to verify whether the observer's consciousness can influence the state of particles by affecting the photons entangled with them. By conducting the experiment in a closed environment and using a vibration detection mechanism, this paper aims to reveal whether the consciousness energy field can influence particle states through quantum entanglement.
Management Type Environmental Policy Instruments – An Empirical Investigation
Creators: name: Sauer, Johannes
name: Walsh, John
name: Sauer, Johannes
name: Walsh, John
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Ecosystem Services
subject: Scheme Cost
subject: Risk
subject: Mixed-Effects Regression

description: The overall aim of this study is to empirically investigate the cost structure of a management agreement type agri-environmental instrument and to identify factors for cost variation over space and time. We control for the actual level of compliance by using compliance weighted average scheme cost ratios. Beside technological and economic performance measures, we also incorporate risk proxies. In addition, we consider unobserved heterogeneity or path dependency with respect to unknown administrative, spatial and farm specific factors. Hence, we try to disentangle random and fixed scheme cost effects by applying a bootstrapped mixed-effects regression approach using the empirical case of the Environmental Stewardship Scheme in the UK. Regional and sectoral variation in the scheme uptake and the cost of compliance for the participating farms lead to significant cost effects reflecting heterogeneity with respect to management skills and attitudes, production focus, location, technologies, economic performance and risk.
Additional file 1 of Transcriptional signatures of participant-derived neural progenitor cells and neurons implicate altered Wnt signaling in Phelan-McDermid syndrome and autism
Creators: name: Breen, Michael S.
name: Browne, Andrew
name: Hoffman, Gabriel E.
name: Stathopoulos, Sofia
name: Brennand, Kristen
name: Buxbaum, Joseph D.
name: Drapeau, Elodie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. RNA-seq quality control. Principal component analyses were performed on RPKM values for all (A) hiPSC-NPC and (B) hiPSC-neuron gene expression samples. Outliers beyond the 95% confidence intervals (black ellipse) were excluded from downstream analyses. We also sought to identify samples that may have under-gone issues with X-inactivation and/or sample mislabeling by confirming that the reported biological sex is concordant with gene expression on chrX and chrY for both (C) hiPSC-NPCs and (D) hiPSC-neurons. The expression on XIST from chrX was plotted against the sum of expression of six chrY genes (USP9Y, UTY, NLGN4Y, ZFY, RPS4Y1, TXLNG2P). Female samples with intermediate expression profiles were excluded from further analysis.
Hadronization in nuclear DIS and ultra-relativistic HIC
Creators: name: Falter, T.
name: Cassing, W.
name: Gallmeister, K.
name: Mosel, U.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a transport theoretical analysis of hadron attenuation in deep inelastic lepton scattering (DIS) off complex nuclei in the kinematic regime of the HERMES experiment. The HERMES data indicate the presence of strong prehadronic final state interactions shortly after the elementary lepton-nucleon interaction. The contribution of such (pre-)hadronic final state interactions to the observed jet quenching in ultra-relaticistic heavy ion collisions (HIC) at RHIC is estimated under the assumption that a similar space-time picture for hadronization also holds in a hot hadronic medium. Our results show that an additional mechanism for jet quenching must be at work for most central collisions.
description: 3 pages, 2 figures, to appear in the proceedings of the Particles and Nuclei International Conference (PANIC 05), Santa Fe, NM, USA, 24-28 Oct 2005
Limitations of practical multi-photon decoherence-free states
Creators: name: Zhang, Yong-Sheng
name: Li, Chuan-Feng
name: Huang, Yun-Feng
name: Guo, Guang-Can
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown in this paper that decoherence-free subspace (DFS) of practical multi-photon polarization can not avoid the exponential decoherence even in the same extra-environment if the photons are frequency-anticorrelated. The reason lies in that the condition of collective decoherence is not satisfied in this case. As an example, the evolution of biphoton's decoherence-free state is given. Possible solution for feasible multi-photon's DFS state is also given.
description: 6 pages, no figure
2054: Leonard Masters and an accordion in the war
Creators: name: Project Team, Lest We Forget
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 430304
subject: British history
classificationCode: 430308
subject: European history (excl. British, classical Greek and Roman)
classificationCode: 430316
subject: International history

description: Leonard, seen in the photograph holding an accordion, was Olive Masters' uncle.
General Model of Diffusion of Interstitial Oxygen in Silicon and Germanium Crystals
Creators: name: Gusakov, Vasilii
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A theoretical modeling of the oxygen diffusivity in silicon and germanium crystals both at normal and high hydrostatic pressure has been carried out using molecular mechanics, semiempirical and ab initio methods. It was established that the diffusion process of an interstitial oxygen atom (Oi) is controlled by the optimum configuration of three silicon (germanium) atoms nearest to Oi. The calculated values of the activation energy Ea(Si)= 2.59 eV, Ea(Ge)= 2.05 eV and pre-exponential factor Do (Si) = 0.28 sm2 s-1, Do (Ge) = 0.39 sm2 s-1 are in a good agreement with experimental ones and for the first time describe perfectly an experimental temperature dependence of the Oi diffusion constant in Si crystals (T=350 - 1200 C). Hydrostatic pressure (P<80 kbar) results in a linear decrease of the diffusion barrier (dEa/dP = -4.38 10(-3) eV kbar-1 for Si crystals). The calculated pressure dependence of Oi diffusivity in silicon crystals agrees well with the pressure enhanced initial growth of oxygen-related thermal donors.
description: First Cadres Workshop 2004. 6 pages, 2 figures
Neutron-$γ$ discrimination with organic scintillators: Intrinsic pulse shape and light yield contributions
Creators: name: Sénoville, M.
name: Delaunay, F.
name: Pârlog, M.
name: Achouri, N. L.
name: Orr, N. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A comparative study of the neutron-$γ$ Pulse Shape Discrimination (PSD) with seven organic scintillators is performed using an identical setup and digital electronics. The scintillators include plastics (EJ-299-33 and a plastic prototype), single crystals (stilbene and the recent doped $p$-terphenyl) and liquids (BC501A, NE213 and the deuterated liquid BC537). First, the overall PSD performance of the different scintillators is compared and threshold neutron energies for a given discrimination quality are determined. Then, using statistical arguments, two intrinsic contributions to the PSD capability of the scintillating materials are disentangled: the light yield and the specific pulse shapes induced by neutrons and $γ$-rays. This separation provides additional insight into the behaviour of organic scintillators and allows a detailed comparison of the discrimination performance of the various materials. On the basis of this analysis, limitations of current organic scintillators and of recently proposed alternative scintillators are discussed.
description: Accepted in Nucl. Instr. and Meth. in Phys. Res. A
Spin-dependent forces on trapped ions for phase-stable quantum gates and motional Schrodinger-cat states
Creators: name: Haljan, P. C.
name: Brickman, K. -A.
name: Deslauriers, L.
name: Lee, P. J.
name: Monroe, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Favored schemes for trapped-ion quantum logic gates use bichromatic laser fields to couple internal qubit states with external motion through a "spin-dependent force." We introduce a new degree of freedom in this coupling that reduces its sensitivity to phase decoherence. We demonstrate bichromatic spin-dependent forces on a single trapped $^{111}$Cd$^+$ ion, and show that phase coherence of the resulting "Schrödinger-cat" states of motion depends critically upon the spectral arrangement of the optical fields. This applies directly to the operation of entangling gates on multiple ions.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
DESIGNING DIETARY INTERVENTIONS:A REAPPRAISAL OF THE DEMOGRAPHIC AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC DETERMINANTS OF DIETARY CHOICE IN THE UK
Creators: name: Srinivasan, Chittur S.
name: Srinivasan, Chittur S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety

description: The facilitation of healthier dietary choices by consumers is one of the key elements of the UK Government’s food strategy. Designing and targeting dietary interventions requires a clear understanding of the determinants of dietary choice. Conventional analysis of the determinants of dietary choice has focused on mean response functions which may mask significant differences in the dietary behaviour of different segments of the population. In this paper we use a quantile regression approach to investigate how food consumption behaviour varies amongst UK households in different segments of the population, especially in the upper and lower quantiles characterised by healthy or unhealthy consumption patterns. We find that the effect of demographic determinants of dietary choice on households that exhibit less healthy consumption patterns differs significantly from that on households that make healthier consumption choices. A more nuanced understanding of the differences in the behavioural responses of households making less-healthy eating choices provides useful insights for the design and targeting of measures to promote healthier diets.
Additional file 2 of Intracerebral overexpression of miR-669c is protective in mouse ischemic stroke model by targeting MyD88 and inducing alternative microglial/macrophage activation
Creators: name: Kolosowska, Natalia
name: Gotkiewicz, Maria
name: Hiramani Dhungana
name: Giudice, Luca
name: Giugno, Rosalba
name: Box, Daphne
name: Huuskonen, Mikko T.
name: Korhonen, Paula
name: Scoyni, Flavia
name: Kanninen, Katja M.
name: Ylä-Herttuala, Seppo
name: Turunen, Tiia A.
name: Turunen, Mikko P.
name: Koistinaho, Jari
name: Malm, Tarja
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 2: Supplementary Figure 2. CD45 expression does not change under miR-669c overexpression in conditions of brain ischemia. The ipsilateral CD45 immunoreactivity remained unaltered between stroke control LV1-GFP (GFP) and LV1-miR-669c mice (669) (A). Panels B-E are representative photographs of coronal sections stained with CD45 in LV1-GFP control (B, D) and LV1-miR-669c injected tMCAo animals (C, E). Similarly, the ratio of Arg1+ to round in shape, bright CD45+ cells was not changed in LV1-miR-669c animals (669) comparing to the control group (GFP) (F). Panels G-N consists of confocal microphotographs illustrating the proportion of Arg1+ and CD45+ cells in the ipsilateral striatum of LV1-GFP control (G-J) and LV1-miR-669c (K-N) stroke animals. Unpaired two-tailed t-tests. N = 6 animals per each group.
MODELING HETEROGENEITY IN PRODUCTION MODELS: EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE FROM INDIVIDUAL FARMING IN POLAND
Creators: name: Hockmann, Heinrich
name: Pieniadz, Agata
name: Goraj, Lech
name: Hockmann, Heinrich
name: Pieniadz, Agata
name: Goraj, Lech
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Farm Management
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: SFA
subject: random component model
subject: Poland
subject: management.

description: This discussion paper deals with the estimation of a random coefficient model. The virtue of this approach is that it considers firm heterogeneity, which conventional SFA models do not. Applying the model to Polish farms, the results indicate that the conventional random and fixed effect models overestimate the inefficiency score. In addition, the reasons for inefficiency are analyzed. It is shown that despite the fragmentation of Polish agriculture, there is no evidence for scale inefficiency. Moreover, inefficiency could partly be attributed to factors, which affect the management input and requirements on farms.
title: Arabic types in Europe and the Middle East, 1514-1924: challenges in the adaptation of the Arabic script from written to printed form
Creators: name: Conidi, Emanuela
Publisher: name: University of Reading
Year: 2018

description: This thesis investigates the transition of the Arabic script from written to printed form and the influence that this process had on the evolution of Arabic typeforms. This study aims to acknowledge and interrogate the factors that influenced the typographic shaping of the script in response to typemaking and typesetting technology, and the cultural environment in which these developments took place. The historical scope of the research covers the pre-industrial production of Arabic founts, focusing on letterpress printing and types for hand composition, beginning with the first Arabic movable types in Italy in 1514. The thesis covers developments to 1924, when the Biilaq printing house in Cairo produced the first typographically composed Qur'an to be approved by a Muslim authority. The Biilaq edition marked what could be arguably considered the highpoint of composing Arabic with foundry type and its typeface supplied the model for the development a hot-metal fount, formally bridging hand-set and mechanical technologies for the typesetting of the Qur'an. The research investigates the relationship between the manuscript models and the typographic representation of the Arabic script; and outlines significant developments in Arabic typographic history with selected case studies, chosen to high¬light various aspects of the design and manufacturing processes, as well as discuss approaches of different type-makers and printers. This study draws on primary sources that have not been examined as a set before, employing a methodology of visual documentation that supports detailed comparative analysis. This approach enables a focus on the critical assessment and qualitative appraisal of the Arabic types according to specific parameters. The research aims to shed light on the reasons for the discontinuity between manuscript and print forms, and reveal relationships between the visual forms of letters and the skills, knowledge and resources available to the people involved in the type-making process. It also aims to trace the establishment of typographic conventions for the Arabic script that either originated or departed from manuscript practice. In conclusion, this research extends and deepens the historical narrative of Arabic type history, and provides a valuable source for scholars, students and practitioners in the field.
Synchronization and frustration in oscillator networks with attractive and repulsive interactions
Creators: name: Zanette, Damian H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study, numerically and analytically, the stability of synchronization for an ensemble of coupled phase oscillators with attractive and repulsive interactions, as a function of the number of repulsive couplings and their intensity. Scaling properties of the desynchronization transition are disclosed, and it is shown that unsynchronized configurations have different symmetries depending on the intensity of the repulsive interaction. The concept of frustration minimization helps understanding the main features observed in the collective dynamics of the oscillator network.
description: To appear in Europhys. Lett
Additional file 2 of Transcriptional signatures of participant-derived neural progenitor cells and neurons implicate altered Wnt signaling in Phelan-McDermid syndrome and autism
Creators: name: Breen, Michael S.
name: Browne, Andrew
name: Hoffman, Gabriel E.
name: Stathopoulos, Sofia
name: Brennand, Kristen
name: Buxbaum, Joseph D.
name: Drapeau, Elodie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2: Figure S2. SHANK3 gene expression. (A) SHANK3 gene expression (RPKM) across hiPSC-NPCs and hiPSC-neurons. (B) SHANK3 read coverage in other hiPSC-NPC studies, demonstrating SHANK3 is expressed in hiPSC-NPCs. (C) SHANK3 transcript expression across PMS probands and sibings for hiPSC-NPC and hiPSC-neuronal samples. Analysis of variance was used to test for SHANK3 transcript expression differences between PMS probands and unaffected siblings (SHANK3 ~ Diagnosis) as well as the interaction between time and diagnosis (SHANK3 ~ Time point + Diagnosis).
Quantum Brownian Motion: Drude and Ohmic Baths as Continuum Limits of the Rubin Model
Creators: name: Das, Avijit
name: Dhar, Abhishek
name: Santra, Ion
name: Satpathi, Urbashi
name: Sinha, Supurna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The motion of a free quantum particle in a thermal environment is usually described by the quantum Langevin equation, where the effect of the bath is encoded through a dissipative and a noise term, related to each other via the fluctuation dissipation theorem. The quantum Langevin equation can be derived starting from a microscopic model of the thermal bath as an infinite collection of harmonic oscillators prepared in an initial equilibrium state. The spectral properties of the bath oscillators and their coupling to the particle determine the specific form of the dissipation and noise. Here we investigate in detail the well-known Rubin bath model, which consists of a one-dimensional harmonic chain with the boundary bath particle coupled to the Brownian particle. We show how in the limit of infinite bath bandwidth, we get the Drude model and a second limit of infinite system-bath coupling gives the Ohmic model. A detailed analysis of relevant correlation functions, such as the mean squared displacement, velocity auto-correlation functions, and the response function are presented, with the aim of understanding of the various temporal regimes. In particular, we discuss the quantum to classical crossover time scales where the mean square displacement changes from a $\sim \ln t$ to a $\sim t$ dependence. We relate our study to recent work using linear response theory to understand quantum Brownian motion.
description: 11 pages, 10 figures
Additional file 3 of Transcriptional signatures of participant-derived neural progenitor cells and neurons implicate altered Wnt signaling in Phelan-McDermid syndrome and autism
Creators: name: Breen, Michael S.
name: Browne, Andrew
name: Hoffman, Gabriel E.
name: Stathopoulos, Sofia
name: Brennand, Kristen
name: Buxbaum, Joseph D.
name: Drapeau, Elodie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 3: Figure S3. Developmental specificity analysis. (A) Several postmortem brain and hiPSC RNA-seq data sets spanning a broad range of developmentally distinct samples were integrated with the hiPSC-derived hiPSC-NPCs and hiPSC-neurons in the current study by principal component analysis to confirm their developmental specificity. The first two principal components are shown and the hiPSC-NPCs (black stars) and hiPSC-neurons (black triangles) are each outlined by 95% confidence intervals. A t-statistic was calculated comparing prenatal to postnatal expression in the BrainSpan bulk RNA-seq data. (B) In hiPSC-NPCs, the t-statistic distribution of the top 1000 most expressed shows a prenatal bias and the top 1000 least expressed genes shows a clear postnatal bias. (C) A similar pattern was observed for the top 1000 most and least expressed genes across hiPSC-neurons.
An Exploration of Target-Conditioned Segmentation Methods for Visual Object Trackers
Creators: name: Dunnhofer, Matteo
name: Martinel, Niki
name: Micheloni, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Visual object tracking is the problem of predicting a target object's state in a video. Generally, bounding-boxes have been used to represent states, and a surge of effort has been spent by the community to produce efficient causal algorithms capable of locating targets with such representations. As the field is moving towards binary segmentation masks to define objects more precisely, in this paper we propose to extensively explore target-conditioned segmentation methods available in the computer vision community, in order to transform any bounding-box tracker into a segmentation tracker. Our analysis shows that such methods allow trackers to compete with recently proposed segmentation trackers, while performing quasi real-time.
description: European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV) 2020, Visual Object Tracking Challenge VOT2020 workshop
The non-Abelian tensor multiplet in loop space
Creators: name: Gustavsson, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a non-Abelian tensor multiplet directly in the loop space associated with flat six-dimensional Minkowski space-time, and derive the supersymmetry variations for on-shell ${\cal{N}}=(2,0)$ supersymmetry.
description: 11 pages, v2: cleaner presentation, mistakes are corrected (and an erroneous section was removed)
Zero-bias anomaly in cotunneling transport through quantum-dot spin valves
Creators: name: Weymann, Ireneusz
name: Barnaś, Józef
name: König, Jürgen
name: Martinek, Jan
name: Schön, Gerd
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We predict a new zero-bias anomaly in the differential conductance through a quantum dot coupled to two ferromagnetic leads with antiparallel magnetization. The anomaly differs in origin and properties from other anomalies in transport through quantum dots, such as the Kondo effect. It occurs in Coulomb-blockade valleys with an unpaired dot electron. It is a consequence of the interplay of single- and double-barrier cotunneling processes and their effect on the spin accumulation in the dot. The anomaly becomes significantly modified when a magnetic field is applied.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
2172: Thomas Hollingworth of the York and Lancaster, and Hallamshires Regiments.
Creators: name: Project Team, Lest We Forget
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 430304
subject: British history
classificationCode: 430308
subject: European history (excl. British, classical Greek and Roman)
classificationCode: 430316
subject: International history

description: Thomas Hollingworth was part of the British Expeditionary Force and served between 1914 and 1918. He was disabled and honourably discharged on 10th May 1918. When he was discharged, he was a private in the York and Lancaster Regiment (service number 32175), but he had begun the war as part of the Hallamshires. Thomas survived the war and married Alice. He worked as a coupler and silversmith in Sheffield. He was also a passionate cricket fan, and he was proud to receive an award as founder member of Sheffield Cricket Umpires' Association (see newspaper cuttings). He died in the 1970s.
BIOENERGIE AS A SOURCE OF INCOME OF AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISES
Creators: name: Makarchuk, Oksana
name: Hockmann, Heinrich
name: Lissitsa, Alexej
name: Makarchuk, Oksana
name: Hockmann, Heinrich
name: Lissitsa, Alexej
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Farm Management
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Биотопливо
subject: биоэтанол
subject: биомасса
subject: возобновляемые источники энергии
subject: конкурентоспособность
subject: спрос и предложение.Biokraftstoff
subject: Bioethanol
subject: Biomasse
subject: Erneubare Energien
subject: Wettbewerbsfähigkeit
subject: Angebot und Nachfrage.Biofuel
subject: bioethanol
subject: biomass
subject: renewed energy sources
subject: competitiveness
subject: supply and demand.

description: Enterprise activity is based on maximization of profit to increase the volume of own capital, to expand manufacture and to guarantee the earning of profit for the long-term period. Therefore everyone searches for new sources of the income by means of which it is possible to maximize cost of the made product. One of new sources of the income in agriculture is a cultivation of agricultural crops for the energy, heat, fuel (biofuel) manufacture. In this "discussion paper" the market is examined for biofuel, as well as their competitiveness is analyzed in comparison to mineral fuels. Germany takes the lead positions on manufacture and use of biofuel among the countries of the European Union and Ukraine has a big potential on the agricultural commodities market and big possibilities of development for biofuel. The modern market of biofuel is characterized by the constant tendency to development and growth of manufacture. The supply and the demand at the market is strongly depends on the state energy policy. In the work it is also shown that the production of biofuel is not competitive without state support.