cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Additional file 1 of CompLement C5 Antibodies for decreasing brain injury after aneurysmal Subarachnoid Haemorrhage (CLASH): study protocol for a randomised controlled phase II clinical trial
Creators: name: Koopman, Inez
name: Rinkel, Gabriel J. E.
name: Vergouwen, Mervyn D. I.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. WHO trial registration data set.
Positivity and qualitative properties of solutions of fourth-order elliptic equations
Creators: name: ROMANI, GIULIO
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2017

description: This thesis concerns the study of fourth-order elliptic boundary value problems and, in particular, qualitative properties of solutions. Such problems arise in various fields, from plate theory to conformal geometry and, compared to their second-order counterparts, they present intrinsic difficulties, mainly due to the lack of the maximum principle. In the first part of the thesis, we study the positivity of solutions in case of Steklov boundary conditions, which are intermediate between Dirichlet and Navier boundary conditions. They naturally appear in the study of the minimizers of the Kirchhoff-Love functional, which represents the energy of a hinged thin and loaded plate in dependence of a parameter. We establish sufficient conditions on the domain to obtain the positivity of the minimizers of the functional. Then, for such domains, we study a generalized version of the functional. Using variational techniques, we investigate existence and positivity of the ground states, as well as their asymptotic behaviour for the relevant values of the parameter. In the second part of the thesis we establish uniform a-priori bounds for a class of fourth-order semilinear problems in dimension 4 with exponential nonlinearities. We considered both Dirichlet and Navier boundary conditions and we suppose our nonlinearities positive and subcritical. Our arguments combine uniform estimates near the boundary and a blow-up analysis. Finally, by means of the degree theory, we obtain the existence of a positive solution.
Turbulent-laminar patterns in plane Poiseuille flow
Creators: name: Tuckerman, Laurette S.
name: Kreilos, Tobias
name: Schrobsdorff, Hecke
name: Schneider, Tobias M.
name: Gibson, John F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Turbulent-laminar banded patterns in plane Poiseuille flow are studied via direct numerical simulations in a tilted and translating computational domain using a parallel version of the pseudospectral code Channelflow. 3D visualizations via the streamwise vorticity of an instantaneous and a time-averaged pattern are presented, as well as 2D visualizations of the average velocity field and the turbulent kinetic energy. Simulations for Reynolds numbers descending from 2300 to 700 show the gradual development from uniform turbulence to a pattern with wavelength 20 half-gaps near Re=1900, to a pattern with wavelength 40 near Re=1300 and finally to laminar flow near Re=800. These transitions are tracked quantitatively via diagnostics using the amplitude and phase of the Fourier transform and its probability distribution. The propagation velocity of the pattern is approximately that of the mean flux and is a decreasing function of Reynolds number. Examination of the time-averaged flow shows that a turbulent band is associated with two counter-rotating cells stacked in the cross-channel direction and that the turbulence is highly concentrated near the walls. Near the walls, the Reynolds stress force accelerates the fluid through a turbulent band while viscosity decelerates it; advection by the laminar profile acts in both directions. In the center, the Reynolds stress force decelerates the fluid through a turbulent band while advection by the laminar profile accelerates it. These characteristics are compared with those of turbulent-laminar banded patterns in plane Couette flow.
COLOURATION AS AN INTRASPECIFIC SIGNAL IN BIRDS
Creators: name: CORTI, MARGHERITA
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2018

description: Colour variation seems to be a pivotal trait in avian communication dynamics, where information is provided to recipients by ?signallers? through colouration. Plumage colours can be structural or due to pigments incorporated into the keratin of feathers, and melanin-based colouration, produced by the melanocortin system, is one of the most common in birds. Melanin-based colouration is under genetic control and the degree of melanism is often associated with variation in physiological, behavioural and life-history traits, due to pleiotropic effects of the compounds regulating the melanin synthesis. However, variability in colouration is observed not only among plumage traits but also in fleshy ornaments, legs or eggshells. Variation in eggshell pigmentation, determined by biliverdin and protoporphyrin pigments, may accomplish several different functions, the most obvious of which are camouflage and background matching. It has been also proposed that intra-specific variation in eggshell pigmentation patterns could reflect egg, maternal or paternal traits and hence provides reliable cues to conspecifics about egg, maternal or paternal quality. The first part of the studies presented in this thesis is aimed at investigating the role of melanin-based colouration from different points of view. I started by investigating the role of melanin-based colouration in barn swallow nestling (Hirundo rustica) as a signal of individual quality and its covariation with behavioural stress response. Moreover, I investigated the covariation of genes regulating melanin-based plumage colouration and plumage polymorphism in lesser kestrel males (Falco naumanni). Secondly, since the relationship between protoporphyrin-based eggshell pigmentation and egg or maternal/paternal traits appears to be highly variable among species, I investigated the possible signalling role of protoporphyrin-based eggshell pigmentation in both study species. Using both experimental and correlative approaches, I found that even if pleiotropic effects of melanocortin system may still drive the associations between melanin-based colouration and individual quality, the melanocortin pleiotropic hypothesis may not apply to plumage colouration deriving from mixing of eu- and pheomelanins. Moreover, results on the potential signalling role of protoporphyrin-based eggshell pigmentation in two distantly related bird species support the idea that intraspecific signalling via eggshell pigmentation is species-specific feature rather than a general pattern among avian taxa.
Additional file 1 of Quality of nursing education programme in the Philippines: faculty members perspectives
Creators: name: Appiah, Stella
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Quality of nursing education programme assessment tool. A four Likert scale questionnaire for the assessment of nursing education programme on eight thematic areas.
Self-reported PTSD is associated with increased use of MDMA in adolescents with substance use disorders
Creators: name: Basedow, Lukas Andreas
name: Kuitunen-Paul, Sören
name: Wiedmann, Melina Felicitas
name: Roessner, Veit
name: Golub, Yulia
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Background: Adolescent patients with a substance use disorder (SUD) often fulfil the criteria for a co-occurring post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, it is not clear if these dual-diagnosed adolescents present with unique levels of substance use and how their substance use relates to PTSD symptom clusters. Objective: To investigate substance use in adolescents with co-occurring PTSD and SUD. Additionally, we explored how the use of specific substances is related to specific PTSD symptom clusters. Method: We recruited n = 121 German adolescent SUD patients, in three groups: no history of traumatic events (TEs) (n = 35), TEs but not PTSD (n = 48), probable PTSD (n = 38). All groups were administered a trauma questionnaire and were asked to report their past-month substance use. Results: Adolescents with probable PTSD and SUD report a higher frequency of MDMA use than adolescents with no PTSD and no TE (PTSD vs. noTE: U = 510.5, p = .016; PTSD vs. TE: U = 710.0, p = .010). The use of MDMA was more frequent in adolescents with avoidance symptoms (X2 (1) = 6.0, p = .014). Participants report using substances at a younger age (PTSD vs. noTE: U = 372.0, p = .001; PTSD vs. TE: U = 653.5, p = .022) and PTSD symptom onset was on average 2.2 years earlier than first MDMA use (t (26) = −2.89, p = .008). Conclusions: Adolescent SUD patients with probable PTSD are more likely to use MDMA than SUD patients without PTSD. The use of MDMA was associated with reported avoidance symptoms. The first age of MDMA use is initiated after PTSD onset. It is unclear whether the association of MDMA use with avoidance symptoms is due to efforts to reduce these symptoms or a result of regular MDMA use. We investigated substance use in adolescents with substance use disorders.We observed increased MDMA use and a younger age of first substance use in participants with additional PTSD.Additionally, MDMA use was associated with the presence of specific PTSD symptoms. We investigated substance use in adolescents with substance use disorders. We observed increased MDMA use and a younger age of first substance use in participants with additional PTSD. Additionally, MDMA use was associated with the presence of specific PTSD symptoms.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF ISOSPIN SYMMETRY IN N=Z NUCLEI
Creators: name: MENTANA, ALICE
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2018

description: The Isospin symmetry is one of the first dynamical symmetries identified in nuclear physics. It helps us to simplify the description of a system, in this case the atomic nucleus, a quantum many-body system consisting of two types of fermion, the neutron and the proton. The assumptions of the charge symmetry and the charge independence of the nuclear interaction led to consider neutrons and protons as two different states of the same particle, the nucleon. To account for this, in 1932, Heisenberg introduced a new quantum number, the isotopic spin or Isospin. The concept of the Isospin symmetry neglects the presence of Coulomb interaction inside the atomic nucleus. This interaction breaks the Isospin symmetry, inducing impurities in the nuclear wave function. This is the so called Isospin-mixing phenomenon. In this thesis work the experimental study of the Isospin-mixing phenomenon is approached from two different points of view. On one hand, the characterization of two types of detectors ideal for the Isospin mixing investigation is presented. On the other hand, the experimental determination of the Isospin mixing probability in the nucleus 60Zn is discussed.
Constraints on the cosmological parameters from BICEP2, Planck and WMAP
Creators: name: Cheng, Cheng
name: Huang, Qing-Guo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we constrain the cosmological parameters, in particular the tilt of tensor power spectrum, by adopting Background Imaging of Cosmic Extragalactic Polarization (B2), Planck released in 2013 (P13) and Wilkinson Microwaves Anisotropy Probe 9-year Polarization (WP) data. We find that a blue tilted tensor power spectrum is preferred at more than $3σ$ confidence level if the data from B2 are assumed to be totally interpreted as the relic gravitational waves, but a scale invariant tensor power spectrum is consistent with the data once the polarized dust is taken into account. The recent Planck 353 GHz HFI dust polarization data imply that the B2 data are perfectly consistent with there being no gravitational wave signal.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures and 1 table; major revision, dust added for solving the tension between Planck13 and BICEP2, version accepted for publication in EPJC
Fanfiction Semantics - Eine quantitative Analyse sensibler Themen in deutscher Fanfiction
Creators: name: Häußler, Julian
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Digitale Literaturwissenschaft
Quantitative Textanalyse
Fanfiction
Inhaltsanalyse
Visualisierung
Literatur
DHd2023

description: Eine Posterpräsentation auf der 9. Tagung des Verbands "Digital Humanities im deutschsprachigen Raum" - DHd 2023 Open Humanities Open Culture
Including the Z in an Effective Field Theory for dark matter at the LHC
Creators: name: Davidson, Sacha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An Effective Field Theory for dark matter at a TeV-scale hadron collider should include contact interactions of dark matter with the partons, the Higgs and the Z. This note estimates the impact of including dark matter-Z interactions on the complementarity of spin dependent direct detection and LHC monojet searches for dark matter. Their effect is small, because they are suppressed by electroweak couplings and the contact interaction self-consistency condition $C/Λ^2 < 4π/\hat{s}$. In this note, the contact interactions between the Z and dark matter are parametrised by derivative operators; this is convenient at colliders because such interactions do not match onto the quark-dark matter contact interactions.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures, version accepted for publication (same content, presentation hopefully improved)
Tecniche di garanzia del principio di effettività e tempestività della tutela nel processo amministrativo
Creators: name: Tagliasacchi, Eugenio
Publisher: name: Università del Piemonte Orientale
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Effettività della tutela; processo amministrativo; giudicato
subject: Effettività della tutela
subject: processo amministrativo
subject: giudicato

description: La tesi propone una rilettura delle principali novità legislative nonché delle fondamentali svolte della giurisprudenza nazionale ed europea nell'ambito del diritto processuale amministrativo, evidenziando come queste siano state determinate dall'esigenza di dare attuazione al principio di effettività della tutela giurisdizionale, che ha condotto al superamento delle principali regole classiche del processo amministrativo, portando all'affermazione del principio di atipicità delle azioni, al superamento del binomio illegittimità-annullamento, all'annullamento non retroattivo o dotato di soli effetti conformativi cosi come alla tutela cautelare atipica e ante causam e alla crisi della stabilità del giudicato.
A geometrically bounding hyperbolic link complement
Creators: name: Slavich, Leone
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57M25, 57M50

description: A finite-volume hyperbolic 3-manifold geometrically bounds if it is the geodesic boundary of a finite-volume hyperbolic 4-manifold. We construct here an example of non-compact, finite-volume hyperbolic 3-manifold that geometrically bounds. The 3-manifold is the complement of a link with eight components, and its volume is roughly equal to 29.311.
description: 23 pages, 19 figures
Investigating the frequency of intrusive memories after 24 hours using a visuospatial interference intervention: a follow-up and extension
Creators: name: Brennen, Tim
name: Blix, Ines
name: Nissen, Alexander
name: Holmes, Emily A.
name: Skumlien, Martine
name: Solberg, Øivind
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Background: There is a need for effective, low-cost, readily available measures for reducing trauma symptoms so that people exposed to potentially traumatic events can receive help more quickly. A previous study reported that performing an intervention including a visuospatial task shortly after a reminder of a series of unpleasant film clips seen 24 hours earlier reduced the number of intrusive memories over the following week. Objective: This study reports a follow-up and extension of the earlier promising finding. The prediction was that participants performing the visuospatial task immediately after the reminder would report fewer intrusions compared to three other groups who 1) performed no task, and novel conditions who 2) performed the task before the reminder, and 3) performed the task 90 minutes after the reminder. Method: A trauma-analogue method was used, where students (N = 200) watched a series of short films with unpleasant material. Over the following week, they were asked to write down any intrusive memories they experienced in a diary. On the second day they returned to the lab and saw static reminders of the films. They were then randomly allocated to condition, recorded intrusive memories over the following days and returned to the lab for final testing on Day 8. Results: A total of 49 participants did not report any intrusions and were excluded from the analyses. Two more participants were excluded as outliers, leaving a final sample of n = 149. Despite using largely the same materials as the original study there were no significant differences in the number of intrusive memories between the four groups post intervention. Conclusions: Possible explanations include the effect not being as robust as expected, a low number of intrusions across groups, baseline differences in attention, and minor but potentially important differences in procedure between this and the original study. This study followed up James et al.’s (2015) finding that playing a visuospatially demanding game reduced negative intrusive memories.As we did not find a similar pattern of findings the intervention may be less promising than assumed and sensitive to changes in set-up. This study followed up James et al.’s (2015) finding that playing a visuospatially demanding game reduced negative intrusive memories. As we did not find a similar pattern of findings the intervention may be less promising than assumed and sensitive to changes in set-up.
Attention-based Ingredient Phrase Parser
Creators: name: Shi, Zhengxiang
name: Ni, Pin
name: Wang, Meihui
name: Kim, To Eun
name: Lipani, Aldo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: As virtual personal assistants have now penetrated the consumer market, with products such as Siri and Alexa, the research community has produced several works on task-oriented dialogue tasks such as hotel booking, restaurant booking, and movie recommendation. Assisting users to cook is one of these tasks that are expected to be solved by intelligent assistants, where ingredients and their corresponding attributes, such as name, unit, and quantity, should be provided to users precisely and promptly. However, existing ingredient information scraped from the cooking website is in the unstructured form with huge variation in the lexical structure, for example, '1 garlic clove, crushed', and '1 (8 ounce) package cream cheese, softened', making it difficult to extract information exactly. To provide an engaged and successful conversational service to users for cooking tasks, we propose a new ingredient parsing model that can parse an ingredient phrase of recipes into the structure form with its corresponding attributes with over 0.93 F1-score. Experimental results show that our model achieves state-of-the-art performance on AllRecipes and Food.com datasets.
description: ESANN 2022 proceedings, European Symposium on Artificial Neural Networks, Computational Intelligence and Machine Learning
Dynamical indistinguishability and statistics in quantum fluids
Creators: name: Zaccone, Alessio
name: Trachenko, Kostya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For a system to qualify as a quantum fluid, quantum-statistical effects should operate in addition to quantum-mechanical ones. Here, we address the hitherto unexplored dynamical condition for the quantum-statistical effects to be manifested, and consider particle exchange events in the gaslike regime of fluid dynamics as a dynamical process with an intrinsic time scale. We subsequently propose a quantitative criterion of particle indistinguishability and associated quantum statistics to be inoperative at short time and emerge at long time. Verifiable experimentally, our predictions enable a systematic search for a transition between statistics-active and statistics-inactive regimes in quantum fluids.
Rigorous derivation of nonlinear scalar conservation laws from follow-the-leader type models via many particle limit
Creators: name: Di Francesco, Marco
name: Rosini, Massimiliano D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove that the unique entropy solution to a scalar nonlinear conservation law with strictly monotone velocity and nonnegative initial condition can be rigorously obtained as the large particle limit of a microscopic follow-the-leader type model, which is interpreted as the discrete Lagrangian approximation of the nonlinear scalar conservation law. More precisely, we prove that the empirical measure (respectively the discretised density) obtained from the follow-the-leader system converges in the 1-Wasserstein topology (respectively in $L^1_{loc}$) to the unique Kruzkov entropy solution of the conservation law. The initial data are taken in $L^1\cap L^\infty$, nonnegative, and with compact support, hence we are able to handle densities with vacuum. Our result holds for a reasonably general class of velocity maps (including all the relevant examples in the applications, e.g. in the Lighthill-Whitham-Richards model for traffic flow) with possible degenerate slope near the vacuum state. The proof of the result is based on discrete BV estimates and on a discrete version of the one-sided Oleinik-type condition. In particular, we prove that the regularizing effect $L^1\cap L^\infty \mapsto BV$ for nonlinear scalar conservation laws is intrinsic of the discrete model.
Tra beneficenza e mercato: attività assistenziale e creditizia nel Piemonte Orientale dei secoli XV-XVII
Creators: name: Moro, Matteo
Publisher: name: Università del Piemonte Orientale
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Monti di Pietà; Monti frumentari; credito; carità; assistenzialismo; Piemonte Orientale; Lomellina; Canavese; banchi ebraici; prestito su pegno; povertà; predicazione minoritica; Minori Osservanti; Francescani; usura; storia medievale; storia moderna; storia economica; storia del diritto medievale e moderno
subject: Monti di Pietà
subject: Monti frumentari
subject: credito
subject: carità
subject: assistenzialismo
subject: Piemonte Orientale
subject: Lomellina
subject: Canavese
subject: banchi ebraici
subject: prestito su pegno
subject: povertà
subject: predicazione minoritica
subject: Minori Osservanti
subject: Francescani
subject: usura
subject: storia medievale
subject: storia moderna
subject: storia economica
subject: storia del diritto medievale e moderno

description: La tesi si propone di ricostruire una geografia dell'assistenzialismo in relazione all'attività di tipo creditizio prestata, tra la fine del Medioevo e il 1713, dai Monti di Pietà e frumentari che operarono all'interno di località comprese in un ampio quadrante territoriale di frontiera, che comprende gran parte del Piemonte Orientale, il Canavese, parte della Provincia di Asti e la Lomellina. Nello specifico, costituiscono oggetto di indagine i Monti di Pietà eretti in Vercelli, Biella, Crescentino, Sordevolo, Novara, Arona, Borgomanero, Orta San Giulio, Omegna, Ivrea, Casale Monferrato, Trino, Felizzano, Alessandria e Vigevano e i Monti frumentari istituiti in Prato Sesia, Rosignano Monferrato, Altavilla Monferrato, Moncalvo, Tonco, Castelspina, Predosa, Castellazzo Bormida, Castelferro, Quargnento, Zeme, Ottobiano, Tromello e Borgo San Martino, dei quali vengono analizzate, attraverso l'adozione di una narrazione cronologica di tipo critico, le vicende istitutive e operative, anche in chiave comparatistica. Particolare attenzione viene dedicata alle seguenti tematiche: le misure di assistenzialismo e di soccorso in favore dei poveri adottate in ambito urbano; il ruolo svolto dalla predicazione minoritica nella promozione . S dei Monti di Pietà tra Piemonte e Lombardia nella seconda metà del XV secolo, specialmente in chiave di contrasto alla povertà e all'usura; i rapporti intrattenuti dalle autorità centrali e dalle autorità cittadine con gli ebrei da un lato e con i Monti di Pietà dall'altro; le relazioni instauratesi tra i banchi feneratizi israelitici e i Monti di Pietà e il ruolo da essi ricoperto nell'ambito del mercato del credito e del prestito su pegno; il controllo esercitato dalla Chiesa sull'operato dei Monti in forza della normativa emanata nel contesto della Controriforma; l'impatto delle vicende belliche, delle fasi congiunturali e delle malversazioni sulla governance dei Monti, sull'attività prestata dai medesimi e sulla custodia dei pegni.
Типи ринкових систем (конкуренція, монополія, олігополія тощо): взаємозв'язок та їх вплив на ціни, виробництво та економічний результат
Creators: name: Орел Юрій Леонідович
name: Альошкіна Людмила Петрівна
name: Смаглюк Анна Андріївна
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: тип ринкової структури, конкуренція, досконала конкуренція, монополістична конкуренція, монополія, олігополія, економічний результат, ціна, попит, пропозиція, економічна теорія

description: У статті здійснено деталізований аналіз ключових типів ринкових структур, до яких належать досконала конкуренція, монополія, олігополія та монополістична конкуренція. В дослідженні було проаналізовано вплив даних ринкових систем на процеси ціноутворення, обсяги виробництва і загальні економічні показники. В ході дослідження було розглянуто теоретичні засади функціонування ринкових систем та визначено їхній вплив на поведінку економічних агентів, механізми формування цін і визначення виробничих обсягів. Виявлено, що досконала конкуренція характеризується високим рівнем конкуренції та однорідністю продукції, що обмежує можливості окремих компаній здійснювати вплив на процес ціноутворення і сприяє ефективному розподілу ресурсів, забезпечуючи максимальний соціальний добробут. З'ясовано, що монополія формує такі кондиції, за яких один постачальник контролює весь ринок, що надає йому змогу встановлювати ціни вище рівня середніх витрат, що у свою чергу призводить, до зниження споживчого добробуту та до неефективного використання ресурсів. Визначено, що олігополія характеризується наявністю кількох олігополістів, які мають значний вплив на ринок і змушені враховувати стратегічні дії конкурентів, що у свою чергу може призводити до цінових війн або координованого ціноутворення. Встановлено, що монополістична конкуренція дозволяє значній кількості компаній частково контролювати ціни через унікальність пропонованої продукції, хоча ціни можуть змінюватися під впливом конкуренції та рекламної активності. З’ясовано, що ринкові структури суттєво відрізняються за основними економічними характеристиками, що визначає їхній вплив на процес ціноутворення, обсяги виробництва і загальні економічні результати. На основі проведеного дослідження визначено, що розуміння особливостей кожної ринкової структури є критично важливим для розробки ефективної економічної політики в умовах динамічного економічного середовища. Результати дослідження акцентують увагу на значному впливі ринкових структур на економічні процеси та пропонують рекомендації щодо вдосконалення ринкової політики й управлінських стратегій у різних ринкових умовах.
Additional file 2 of Acceptability of point-of-care viral load testing to facilitate differentiated care: a qualitative assessment of people living with HIV and nurses in South Africa
Creators: name: Lindani Msimango
name: Gibbs, Andrew
name: Hlengiwe Shozi
name: Ngobese, Hope
name: Humphries, Hilton
name: Drain, Paul K.
name: Garrett, Nigel
name: Dorward, Jienchi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2: Table S1 Additional quotes highlighting key themes
Spatially Extended 21 cm Signal from Strongly Clustered UV and X-Ray Sources in the Early Universe
Creators: name: Ahn, Kyungjin
name: Xu, Hao
name: Norman, Michael L.
name: Alvarez, Marcelo A.
name: Wise, John H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present our prediction for the local 21 cm differential brightness temperature ($δT_{b}$) from a set of strongly clustered sources of Population III (Pop III) and II (Pop II) objects in the early Universe, by a numerical simulation of their formation and radiative feedback. These objects are located inside a highly biased environment, which is a rare, high-density peak ("Rarepeak") extending to $\sim7$ comoving Mpc. We study the impact of ultraviolet (UV) and X-ray photons on the intergalactic medium (IGM) and the resulting $δT_{b}$, when Pop III stars are assumed to emit X-ray photons by forming X-ray binaries very efficiently. We parameterize the rest-frame spectral energy distribution (SED) of X-ray photons, which regulates X-ray photon-trapping, IGM-heating, secondary Lyman-alpha pumping and the resulting morphology of $δT_{b}$. A combination of emission ($δT_{b}>0$) and absorption ($δT_{b}<0$) regions appears in varying amplitudes and angular scales. The boost of the signal by the high-density environment ($δ\sim0.64$) and on a relatively large scale combine to make Rarepeak a discernible, spatially-extended ($θ\sim10'$) object for 21 cm observation at $13\lesssim z\lesssim17$, which is found to be detectable as a single object by SKA with integration time of $\sim1000$ hours. Power spectrum analysis by some of the SKA precursors (LOFAR, MWA, PAPER) of such rare peaks is found difficult due to the rarity of these peaks, and the contribution only by these rare peaks to the total power spectrum remains subdominant compared to that by all astrophysical sources.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ; Major revision done on the cosmological 21-cm line transfer, allowing for generic cases with peculiar motion of gas and non-negligible optical depth
Additional file 1 of Absence of low back pain in the general population followed fortnightly over one year with automated text messages
Creators: name: Leboeuf-Yde, Charlotte
name: Lemeunier, Nadège
name: Wedderkopp, Niels
name: Kjaer, Per
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Authors’ original file for figure 1
Topological aspects of the critical three-state Potts model
Creators: name: Vanhove, Robijn
name: Lootens, Laurens
name: Tu, Hong-Hao
name: Verstraete, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the topological defects of the critical three-state Potts spin system on the torus, Klein bottle and cylinder. A complete characterization is obtained by breaking down the Fuchs-Runkel-Schweigert construction of 2d rational CFT to the lattice setting. This is done by applying the strange correlator prescription to the recently obtained tensor network descriptions of string-net ground states in terms of bimodule categories [Lootens, Fuchs, Haegeman, Schweigert, Verstraete, SciPost Phys. 10, 053 (2021)]. The symmetries are represented by matrix product operators (MPO), as well as intertwiners between the diagonal tetracritical Ising model and the non-diagonal three-state Potts model. Our categorical construction lifts the global transfer matrix symmetries and intertwiners, previously obtained by solving Yang-Baxter equations, to MPO symmetries and intertwiners that can be locally deformed, fused and split. This enables the extraction of conformal characters from partition functions and yields a comprehensive picture of all boundary conditions.
description: 71 pages, many figures, includes supplementary material
A discretization-free sparse and parametric approach for linear array signal processing
Creators: name: Yang, Zai
name: Xie, Lihua
name: Zhang, Cishen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Direction of arrival (DOA) estimation in array processing using uniform/sparse linear arrays is concerned in this paper. While sparse methods via approximate parameter discretization have been popular in the past decade, the discretization may cause problems, e.g., modeling error and increased computations due to dense sampling. In this paper, an exact discretization-free method, named as sparse and parametric approach (SPA), is proposed for uniform and sparse linear arrays. SPA carries out parameter estimation in the continuous range based on well-established covariance fitting criteria and convex optimization. It guarantees to produce a sparse parameter estimate without discretization required by existing sparse methods. Theoretical analysis shows that the SPA parameter estimator is a large-snapshot realization of the maximum likelihood estimator and is statistically consistent (in the number of snapshots) under uncorrelated sources. Other merits of SPA include improved resolution, applicability to arbitrary number of snapshots, robustness to correlation of the sources and no requirement of user-parameters. Numerical simulations are carried out to verify our analysis and demonstrate advantages of SPA compared to existing methods.
description: 15 pages, double column, 8 figures, 1 table. To appear in IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, accepted in July 2014
Additional file 3 of CompLement C5 Antibodies for decreasing brain injury after aneurysmal Subarachnoid Haemorrhage (CLASH): study protocol for a randomised controlled phase II clinical trial
Creators: name: Koopman, Inez
name: Rinkel, Gabriel J. E.
name: Vergouwen, Mervyn D. I.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 3. Sampling, processing, storage, and immunoassays.
School personnel conceptualization of cyberbullying: beliefs, knowledge, and implementation of policies and interventions in schools
Creators: name: Green, Sarah C.
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2023

description: Cyberbullying has long term negative impacts on individuals. Cyberbullying victimization is significantly correlated with stress, suicidal ideation, depression, anxiety, loneliness, reduced life satisfaction, conduct problems, somatic symptoms, emotional problems, reduced self-esteem, substance abuse, and lower prosocial behavior (Kowalski et al., 2014). Additionally, cyberbullying victims tend to receive lower grades in school and engage in risky behaviors (Giumetti & Kowalski, 2016). Schools play an integral role in cyberbullying prevention and intervention. The literature regarding the school’s perception on their level of responsibility and capacity to intervene is limited in that most of the studies have looked at the role of teachers. Therefore, this study was intended to fill the gap in research. The current study examined a sample of school staff, including principals, vice principals, school psychologists, social workers, and guidance counselors (N=57) working in both public and private schools in New York and New Jersey, their perceived responsibility and capacity to address cyberbullying, perceived barriers to intervention, and their knowledge regarding policy and core components to cyberbullying prevention and intervention. The respondents completed anonymous surveys online about their perceptions in the aforementioned areas. Surveys were gathered through snowball sampling. Results of multiple regression analyses revealed that role in school was a significant predictor for school staff responsibility to address cyberbullying (adj. R2 = 0.055; F(1,55) = 4.27; p = .043). However, years of experience was not a predictor for school staff responsibility to address cyberbullying, nor was role in school or years of experience a predictor for capacity to intervene. Findings from the current study suggest that although most of the participants agreed that they were responsible to address cyberbullying, fewer number of participants felt they had the capacity to intervene. Additionally, there was a lack of school policies regarding cyberbullying, which has implications for intervention. Future research can expand the sample size and explore the relationships among the variables described above.
Dicke-type phase transition in a multimode optomechanical system
Creators: name: Mumford, Jesse
name: O'Dell, D. H. J.
name: Larson, Jonas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the "membrane in the middle" optomechanical model consisting of a laser pumped cavity which is divided in two by a flexible membrane that is partially transmissive to light and subject to radiation pressure. Steady state solutions at the mean-field level reveal that there is a critical strength of the light-membrane coupling above which there is a symmetry breaking bifurcation where the membrane spontaneously acquires a displacement either to the left or the right. This bifurcation bears many of the signatures of a second order phase transition and we compare and contrast it with that found in the Dicke model. In particular, by studying limiting cases and deriving dynamical critical exponents using the fidelity susceptibility method, we argue that the two models share very similar critical behaviour. For example, the obtained critical exponents indicate that they fall within the same universality class. Away from the critical regime we identify, however, some discrepancies between the two models. Our results are discussed in terms of experimentally relevant parameters and we evaluate the prospects for realizing Dicke-type physics in these systems.
description: 14 pages, 6 figures
Software-defined Quantum Communication Systems
Creators: name: Humble, Travis S.
name: Sadlier, Ronald J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum communication systems harness modern physics through state-of-the-art optical engineering to provide revolutionary capabilities. An important concern for quantum communication engineering is designing and prototyping these systems to evaluate proposed capabilities. We apply the paradigm of software-defined communication for engineering quantum communication systems to facilitate rapid prototyping and prototype comparisons. We detail how to decompose quantum communication terminals into functional layers defining hardware, software, and middleware concerns, and we describe how each layer behaves. Using the super-dense coding protocol as an example, we describe implementations of both the transmitter and receiver, and we present results from numerical simulations of the behavior. We conclude that software-defined quantum communication provides a robust framework in which to explore the large design space offered by this new regime of communication.
description: Extension of Proc. SPIE 8875, 88750R (2013)
Opinion piece - Feed our farmers or our population? Looking beyond the unsolvable dilemma
Creators: name: De Herde, Véronique
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: food security
fair price
systemic food policy
sustainable development

description: An opinion piece on the means to go beyond the link between cheap food and the right to food. This a reflection on how feeding our population can go hand in hand with paying the farmers the price for a sustainable food production
Convolutional Codes in Rank Metric with Application to Random Network Coding
Creators: name: Wachter-Zeh, Antonia
name: Stinner, Markus
name: Sidorenko, Vladimir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Random network coding recently attracts attention as a technique to disseminate information in a network. This paper considers a non-coherent multi-shot network, where the unknown and time-variant network is used several times. In order to create dependencies between the different shots, particular convolutional codes in rank metric are used. These codes are so-called (partial) unit memory ((P)UM) codes, i.e., convolutional codes with memory one. First, distance measures for convolutional codes in rank metric are shown and two constructions of (P)UM codes in rank metric based on the generator matrices of maximum rank distance codes are presented. Second, an efficient error-erasure decoding algorithm for these codes is presented. Its guaranteed decoding radius is derived and its complexity is bounded. Finally, it is shown how to apply these codes for error correction in random linear and affine network coding.
description: presented in part at Netcod 2012, submitted to IEEE Transactions on Information Theory
A clinician rating to diagnose CPTSD according to ICD-11 and to evaluate CPTSD symptom severity: Complex PTSD Item Set additional to the CAPS (COPISAC)
Creators: name: Lechner-Meichsner, Franziska
name: Steil, Regina
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Background: Researchers who wish to study stress-related disorders need to use valid, reliable, and sensitive instruments and the Clinician-administered PTSD Scale (CAPS) constitutes the gold standard in the assessment of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). While the CAPS corresponds with PTSD criteria according to the DSM-5, researchers face a challenge with the forthcoming ICD-11: ICD-11 introduces the new diagnosis Complex PTSD (CPTSD) that does not exist in DSM-5. Objective: Researchers as well as clinicians will need to assess the incidence and prevalence of CPTSD and will want to evaluate treatment effects according to both criteria sets. However, using two clinician-rated interviews is often not feasible and a burden to patients, particularly in psychotherapy research. Method & Results: We have therefore developed the Complex PTSD Item Set additional to the CAPS (COPISAC). This clinician rating is an easy-to-use and economic addition to the CAPS that permits assessing diagnosis and evaluating symptom severity of CPTSD. COPISAC consists of three items that assess disturbances in self-regulation including prompts for symptom description and frequency, and two additional items assessing impairment. Diagnostic status and severity ratings for CPTSD are possible. Items that account for the specific forms of trauma which the ICD-11 describes as precursors of CPTSD (e.g. torture, being enslaved) are further suggested as additions to the Life Events Checklist. Conclusion: With an introduction of COPISAC at this point, we aim at suggesting an easy transition into diagnosing CPTSD and evaluating its course over treatment. The clinician rating COPISAC is an easy-to-use and economic addition to the Clinician-administered PTSD Scale.It permits to make a diagnosis of Complex PTSD and evaluate symptom severity. The clinician rating COPISAC is an easy-to-use and economic addition to the Clinician-administered PTSD Scale. It permits to make a diagnosis of Complex PTSD and evaluate symptom severity.
Data-Driven Constitutive Relation Reveals Scaling Law for Hydrodynamic Transport Coefficients
Creators: name: Zheng, Candi
name: Wang, Yang
name: Chen, Shiyi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Finding extended hydrodynamics equations valid from the dense gas region to the rarefied gas region remains a great challenge. The key to success is to obtain accurate constitutive relations for stress and heat flux. Data-driven models offer a new phenomenological approach to learning constitutive relations from data. Such models enable complex constitutive relations that extend Newton's law of viscosity and Fourier's law of heat conduction by regression on higher derivatives. However, the choices of derivatives in these models are ad-hoc without a clear physical explanation. We investigated data-driven models theoretically on a linear system. We argue that these models are equivalent to non-linear length scale scaling laws of transport coefficients. The equivalence to scaling laws justified the physical plausibility and revealed the limitation of data-driven models. Our argument also points out that modeling the scaling law could avoid practical difficulties in data-driven models like derivative estimation and variable selection on noisy data. We further proposed a constitutive relation model based on scaling law and tested it on the calculation of Rayleigh scattering spectra. The result shows our data-driven model has a clear advantage over the Chapman-Enskog expansion and moment methods.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures
Digitale Interaktion auf Augenhöhe – drei Wege zu partizipativer Forschung und FAIRer Lehre an der UB Kiel
Creators: name: Christ, Andreas
name: Diebel, Richard
name: Henzel, Katrin
name: Petersen, Britta
name: Vetter, Angila
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Partizipative Forschung
FAIRe Lehre
OER
Citizen Science
Inklusion
Open Cultural Heritage Data
Teilen
Community-Bildung
Kollaboration
Lehre
Curricula
Infrastruktur
DHd2023

description: Eine Posterpräsentation auf der 9. Tagung des Verbands "Digital Humanities im deutschsprachigen Raum" - DHd 2023 Open Humanities Open Culture