cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Adversarial Attacks on Remote User Authentication Using Behavioural Mouse Dynamics
Creators: name: Tan, Yi Xiang Marcus
name: Iacovazzi, Alfonso
name: Homoliak, Ivan
name: Elovici, Yuval
name: Binder, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Mouse dynamics is a potential means of authenticating users. Typically, the authentication process is based on classical machine learning techniques, but recently, deep learning techniques have been introduced for this purpose. Although prior research has demonstrated how machine learning and deep learning algorithms can be bypassed by carefully crafted adversarial samples, there has been very little research performed on the topic of behavioural biometrics in the adversarial domain. In an attempt to address this gap, we built a set of attacks, which are applications of several generative approaches, to construct adversarial mouse trajectories that bypass authentication models. These generated mouse sequences will serve as the adversarial samples in the context of our experiments. We also present an analysis of the attack approaches we explored, explaining their limitations. In contrast to previous work, we consider the attacks in a more realistic and challenging setting in which an attacker has access to recorded user data but does not have access to the authentication model or its outputs. We explore three different attack strategies: 1) statistics-based, 2) imitation-based, and 3) surrogate-based; we show that they are able to evade the functionality of the authentication models, thereby impacting their robustness adversely. We show that imitation-based attacks often perform better than surrogate-based attacks, unless, however, the attacker can guess the architecture of the authentication model. In such cases, we propose a potential detection mechanism against surrogate-based attacks.
description: Accepted in 2019 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN). Update of DOI
Approaches to managing urbanization: A case study of the importance of developing secondary cities in Rwanda
Creators: Alli, Mofe Oluwatoba
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: City planning
Urbanization
Cities and towns--Growth--Government policy
Regional planning

description: The successful management of urban growth is fundamental in achieving sustainable development. In the absence of sound macro-economic policy, adequate investments in infrastructure and well-functioning institutions, rapid urbanization can inhibit growth. The Rwandan government has set out plans to mitigate mass unplanned urbanization to Kigali by focusing on creating economic centers of opportunity across Rwanda. The cities of Muhanga, Rubavu, Huye, Rusizi, Musanze and Nyagatare were selected as ‘secondary cities’ with the objective of off-loading pressure on Kigali by developing infrastructure, social and economic opportunities in these cities. This thesis incorporates a mixed-methodology design and provides a policy analysis of Rwanda’s attempts to ensure more balanced regional growth through the development of its secondary cities.
Additional file 1: of How postgraduate trainees from different health professions experience the learning climate within an operating theater: a mixed-methods study
Creators: name: Kasana Raksamani
name: RenĂŠe Stalmeijer
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: Appendix 1. OTECT Questionnaire. Appendix 2. Focus group discussion guide. Appendix 3. Eliminated items from principle component analysis. Appendix 4. Mean scores and standard deviation of the response from the questionnaires. (DOCX 138 kb)
Phreatus Pascoe 1863
Creators: name: Ivie, Michael A.
name: Lord, Nathan P.
name: Foley, Ian A.
name: Ślipiński, S. Adam
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Zopheridae
Phreatus

description: Phreatus Pascoe, 1863
(Fig. 53)
description: Published as part of Ivie, Michael A., Lord, Nathan P., Foley, Ian A. & Ślipiński, S. Adam, 2016, Colydiine Genera (Coleoptera: Zopheridae: Colydiinae) of the New World: A Key and Nomenclatural Acts 30 Years in the Making, pp. 755-788 in The Coleopterists Bulletin 70 (4) on pages 755-788, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-70.4.755, http://zenodo.org/record/5340305
Additional file 2: of Promoter methylation of SEPT9 as a potential biomarker for early detection of cervical cancer and its overexpression predicts radioresistance
Creators: name: Jiao, Xinlin
name: Zhang, Siying
name: Jiao, Jun
name: Zhang, Teng
name: Qu, Wenjie
name: Muloye, Guy
name: Kong, Beihua
name: Zhang, Qing
name: Cui, Baoxia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biochemistry
Pharmacology
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Developmental Biology
Cancer

description: Table S2. The primer sequence mentioned in the study. (DOCX 18 kb)
Chemical-potential Multiphase Lattice Boltzmann Method with Superlarge Density Ratios
Creators: name: Wen, Binghai
name: Zhao, Liang
name: Qiu, Wen
name: Ye, Yong
name: Shan, Xiaowen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The liquid-gas density ratio is a key property of multiphase flow methods to model real fluid systems. Here, a chemical-potential multiphase lattice Boltzmann method is constructed to realize extremely large density ratios. The simulations show that the method reaches very low temperatures, at which the liquid-gas density ratio is more than 10^14, while the thermodynamic consistency is still preserved. Decoupling the mesh space from the momentum space through a proportional coefficient, a smaller mesh step provides denser lattice nodes to exactly describe the transition region and the resulting dimensional transformation has no loss of accuracy. A compact finite-difference method is applied to calculate the discrete derivatives in the mesh space with high-order accuracy. These enhance the computational accuracy of the nonideal force and suppress the spurious currents to a very low level, even if the density ratio is up to tens of thousands. The simulation of drop splashing verifies that the present model is Galilean invariant for dynamic flow field. An upper limit of the chemical potential is used to reduce the influence of nonphysical factors and improve the stability.
description: 35 pages, 14 figures, 9008 words
Revisiting Metastable Dark Energy and Tensions in the Estimation of Cosmological Parameters
Creators: name: Li, Xiaolei
name: Shafieloo, Arman
name: Sahni, Varun
name: Starobinsky, Alexei A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate constraints on some key cosmological parameters by confronting metastable dark energy models with different combinations of the most recent cosmological observations. Along with the standard $Λ$CDM model, two phenomenological metastable dark energy models are considered: (\romannumeral1) DE decays exponentially, (\romannumeral2) DE decays into dark matter. We find that: (1) when considering the most recent supernovae and BAO data, and assuming a fiducial $Λ$CDM model, the inconsistency in the estimated value of the $Ω_{\rm{m,0}}h^2$ parameter obtained by either including or excluding Planck CMB data becomes very much substantial and points to a clear tension~\citep{sahni2014model,zhao2017dynamical}; (2) although the two metastable dark energy models that we study provide greater flexibility in fitting the data, and they indeed fit the SNe Ia+BAO data substantially better than $Λ$CDM, they are not able to alleviate this tension significantly when CMB data are included; (3) while local measurements of the Hubble constant are significantly higher relative to the estimated value of $H_0$ in our models (obtained by fitting to SNe Ia and BAO data), the situation seems to be rather complicated with hints of inconsistency among different observational data sets (CMB, SNe Ia+BAO and local $H_0$ measurements). Our results indicate that we might not be able to remove the current tensions among different cosmological observations by considering simple modifications of the standard model or by introducing minimal dark energy models. A complicated form of expansion history, different systematics in different data and/or a non-conventional model of the early Universe might be responsible for these tensions.
description: 13 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Approaches to Transit Oriented Development: How Existing Infrastructure can lend itself to implementation of Transit Oriented Development Techniques
Creators: Semeraro, Laura
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: City planning
Transit-oriented development
Spatial analysis (Statistics)

description: Sprawl as the main development type in America has made communities disconnected and resulted in Americans spending large amounts of time in their cars. In response to this, many parts of the country have begun reviving their downtowns and improving transit accessibility, embracing transit-oriented development (TOD) as a method of doing so. TOD aims to provide connectivity, more sustainable living, and a better community environment through mixing uses, increasing density, and providing transit, though the aspect of providing transit is mostly centered around introducing rail. This research investigates potential for transit-oriented development in the State of New Jersey using a spatial multi-criteria analysis, focusing on characteristics of employment, population density, intersection density and land use, excluding the characteristic of transportation. This aims to identify areas that show how transit may not need to be the first step in introducing TOD, but rather can be worked toward as a goal of TOD. Results of this research indicate that other characteristics of TOD such as connectivity, land use, and density can be worked on in order to help municipalities get to a point where they can sustain transit, a sort of reverse approach not often discussed in policy around TOD. This research also supports the option of looking at transit options outside rail, specifically embracing TOD developed around bus transit options, which may be cheaper to implement considering the extensive existing network in Northern New Jersey.
The boundary of Young graph with Jack edge multiplicities
Creators: name: Kerov, Sergei
name: Okounkov, Andrei
name: Olshanski, Grigori
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Consider the lattice of all Young diagrams ordered by inclusion, and denote by Y its Hasse graph. Using the Pieri formula for Jack symmetric polynomials, we endow the edges of the graph Y with formal multiplicities depending on a real parameter $θ$. The multiplicities determine a potential theory on the graph Y. Our main result identifies the corresponding Martin boundary with an infinite-dimensional simplex, the ``geometric boundary'' of the Young graph Y, and provides a canonical integral representation for non-negative harmonic functions. For three particular values of the parameter, the theorem specializes to known results: the Thoma theorem describing characters of the infinite symmetric group, the Kingman's classification of partition structures, and the description of spherical functions of the infinite hyperoctahedral Gelfand pair.
description: 24 pages, 3 pictures (eps), AmS TeX
Approximate converse theorem
Creators: Lee, Min
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The theme of this thesis is an "approximate converse theorem" for globally unramified cuspidal representations of PGL(n, A), n ≥ 1. For a given set of Langlands parameters for some places of Q, we can compute ε > 0 such that there exists a genuine globally unramified cuspidal representation, whose Langlands parameters are within ε of the given ones for finitely many places.
Automatic detection of rare pathologies in fundus photographs using few-shot learning
Creators: name: Quellec, Gwenolé
name: Lamard, Mathieu
name: Conze, Pierre-Henri
name: Massin, Pascale
name: Cochener, Béatrice
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In the last decades, large datasets of fundus photographs have been collected in diabetic retinopathy (DR) screening networks. Through deep learning, these datasets were used to train automatic detectors for DR and a few other frequent pathologies, with the goal to automate screening. One challenge limits the adoption of such systems so far: automatic detectors ignore rare conditions that ophthalmologists currently detect, such as papilledema or anterior ischemic optic neuropathy. The reason is that standard deep learning requires too many examples of these conditions. However, this limitation can be addressed with few-shot learning, a machine learning paradigm where a classifier has to generalize to a new category not seen in training, given only a few examples of this category. This paper presents a new few-shot learning framework that extends convolutional neural networks (CNNs), trained for frequent conditions, with an unsupervised probabilistic model for rare condition detection. It is based on the observation that CNNs often perceive photographs containing the same anomalies as similar, even though these CNNs were trained to detect unrelated conditions. This observation was based on the t-SNE visualization tool, which we decided to incorporate in our probabilistic model. Experiments on a dataset of 164,660 screening examinations from the OPHDIAT screening network show that 37 conditions, out of 41, can be detected with an area under the ROC curve (AUC) greater than 0.8 (average AUC: 0.938). In particular, this framework significantly outperforms other frameworks for detecting rare conditions, including multitask learning, transfer learning and Siamese networks, another few-shot learning solution. We expect these richer predictions to trigger the adoption of automated eye pathology screening, which will revolutionize clinical practice in ophthalmology.
Phthiria vagans LOEW 1846
Creators: name: Dils, J.
name: Özbek, H.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2006
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Bombyliidae
Phthiria
Phthiria vagans

description: Phthiria vagans LOEW 1846
D i s t r i b u t i o n: Albania, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Croatia, Cyprus, Greece, Gruzia, Iran, Italy, Moldova, Romania, Russia, Turkey, Ukraine.
M a t e r i a l: Antalya: Göltarla, 36°32'44" N- 29°59'15" E, 21.06.1999 (Dils J., Faes J.); Güzelsu, 36°57'13" N- 31°45'46" E, 20.06.1999 (Dils J., Faes J.). İçel: Güzeloluk, 36°41'54" N- 34°9'52" E, 15.06.1999 (Dils J., Faes J.); Çatak, 36°41'12" N- 33°46'43" E, 17.06.1999 (Dils J., Faes J.). Karaman: İşhaniye, 36°51'37" N- 32°56'54" E, 18.06.1999 (Dils J., Faes J.). Kayseri: Yedioluk, 38°32'19" N- 36°27'18" E, 27.07.2000 (Dils J., Faes J.); Sarız, 38°28'23" N- 36°33'13" E, 27.07.2000 (Dils J., Faes J.); Yahyalı, 37°56'22" N- 35°18'46" E, 28.07.2000 (Dils J., Faes J.). Konya: Beyşehir, 37°33'25" N- 31°27'11" E, 12.06.1999 (Dils J., Faes J.). Muğla: Salkım, 37°24'40" N- 28°14'15" E, 22.06.1999 (Dils J., Faes J.).
description: Published as part of Dils, J. & Özbek, H., 2006, Contribution to the Knowledge of the Bombyliidae of Turkey (Diptera), pp. 455-504 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 38 (1) on page 464, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5433375
Coptocatus Montandon 1909
Creators: name: Dan
name: Polhemus
name: John
name: Polhemus
name: Sites, Robert
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Naucoridae
Coptocatus

description: COPTOCATUS Montandon, 1909
 Diagnosis. – Form elongate-oval. (Fig. 1) Abdominal and thoracic venter with fine pile of short, closely appressed hairs. Pronotum not markedly expanded posteriorly (except in C. stereos), posterior width less than 2× width of head; anterolateral angles of pronotum simple, not forming ventrallydirected cup-shaped depressions at apices. Hemelytra of brachypterous forms short and truncate, apices rounded, not reaching to abdominal tergite VI. Parameres variable in shape, either deeply cleft medially and asymmetrically bidentate, or uniramous and tapering on distal half, sometimes with a fringe of long setae on outer margins.
 Discussion. – The genus Coptocatus is confined to Borneo, and was proposed by Montandon (1909) to hold a single species, C. oblongulus, collected near Mt. Kinabalu. Five additional species have been described subsequently by Polhemus (1986), Nieser & Chen (1991) and Zettel (2002). Although clearly members of the tribe Cheirochelini based on synapomorphies of the head and ventral abdomen (see Polhemus, 1986, Figs. 7, 8), Coptocatus species are narrower and more elongate in comparison to those of Gestroiella or Cheirochela (compare Figs. 1, 2 and 18). The key below, modified from Zettel (2002), will permit identification of the species described to date.
description: Published as part of Dan, Polhemus, John, Polhemus & Sites, Robert, 2008, A Revision Of The Indochinese Genera Cheirochela And Gestroiella Heteroptera Naucoridae And A Review Of The Tribe Cheirochelini, pp. 255-279 in Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 56 (2) on page 257, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5340370
Krivus̆in, I. V. (Hrsg.): Istoric̆eskaja mysl' v Vizentii i na srednevekovom zapade
Creators: name: Tinnefeld, Franz Hermann
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2025

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 84 (2000): Oriens christianus, Band 84
ANALYTICAL CONTROL OF THE COMPOSITION OF DRINKING WATER USING MKSP-01 RADEK (SGS) SPECTRA AND X-RAY DIFFRACTOMETRY (XRD) INSTRUMENT
Creators: name: Ruziyev, J.E.
name: Nomirov, M.N.
name: Ruziyev, E.A.
name: Shakarov, N.J.
name: Faxriddinova, I.
name: Jumanova, G.I.
name: Turobova, Ch.N.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: In this work, the radioactivity properties of groundwater drinking water were evaluated based on radon-222 and the chemical composition was determined using an X-ray diffractometer (XRD).
Additional file 1: of Integrative omics analysis on phytohormones involved in oil palm seed germination
Creators: name: Wang, Yong
name: Htwe, Yin
name: Li, Jing
name: Shi, Peng
name: Zhang, Dapeng
name: Zhao, Zhihao
name: Ihase, Leonard
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Figure S1. Quality assessment of reads. (DOCX 498 kb)
Heterotropus albidipennis LOEW 1873
Creators: name: Dils, J.
name: Özbek, H.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2006
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Bombyliidae
Heterotropus
Heterotropus albidipennis

description: Heterotropus albidipennis LOEW 1873
D i s t r i b u t i o n: Kazakhstan, Kyrgyz Republic, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan.
 M a t e r i a l: Malatya: Kubbe geçidi, 38°17'9" N- 36°32'4,7" E, 28.06.1999 (Dils J., Faes J.). New for the Turkish fauna. Our record extends the distribution area of H. albidipennis considerably westward. Turkey (Malatya) is the westernmost distribution point.
description: Published as part of Dils, J. & Özbek, H., 2006, Contribution to the Knowledge of the Bombyliidae of Turkey (Diptera), pp. 455-504 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 38 (1) on page 464, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5433375
Archepollycyes: Fiction and Political Institution around Philip Sidney
Creators: Lundy, Timothy
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2021
Subjects: English literature
Classical literature
French literature
Poetry
Monarchy
Politics and literature

description: In his Defence of Poetry (c. 1580), Philip Sidney argues that poetry—a category in which he includes all imaginative fiction—aims at the education of its readers. Archepollycyes studies the attempts of a loose group of sixteenth-century writers around Sidney to write fiction that lives up to this aim, in order to understand the methods they developed to educate readers and the relationship between this education and the politics of the monarchical state. Sidnean fiction demands long study on the part of its readers because it aims to transform their mental habits and create new internal resources for right action. The works of fiction I study here—Thomas Sackville and Thomas Norton’s Gorboduc, George Buchanan’s Baptistes, Sidney’s Arcadia, Mary Sidney Herbert’s Antonius and A Discourse of Life and Death, and Fulke Greville’s Mustapha—were products of their authors’ experiments with genre, narrative, translation, and style as tools to achieve this aim. Through the reading experience these works invite, readers exercise their judgment in the interpretation of fictional examples and reflect explicitly on the mental habits of generalization and application that inform decisions about how to act in new circumstances. Readers also come to see these habits of judgment as shared with others and experience the act of reading as participation in both real and imagined interpretive communities. I argue that these interpretive communities are best understood as loose political institutions, networks of organization and affiliation whose members could think and act together through common habits of judgment and the mutual resolution that results from recognizing this commonality. I adopt the term “archepollycyes” from Gabriel Harvey in order to describe the role of such institutions in monarchical politics. Harvey coins the term to describe the foundational forms of political knowledge, action, and organization, in contrast to the day-to-day work of government and the business of political rule. “Archepollycyes” hold a political community together in spite of changes in its ruler or government; understanding and creating such institutions was thus a means of responding to the escalating crises of succession, absolutism, and civil war that confronted early modern monarchies. By reading and writing fiction, I argue, Sidney and a broader network of writers aimed to act at a distance from contemporary political conflicts by founding “archepollycyes,” loose institutions capable of acting independent of the monarchical state and outside of existing structures of government, but on behalf of the long-term stability of a political community. In this way, I offer a new way of thinking about fiction and political institution in relation to the contested emergence of the modern sovereign state.
Arbitrage Theory Under Portfolio Constraints
Creators: Li, Zhi
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Finance--Mathematical models
subject: Probabilities
subject: Stock exchanges
subject: Portfolio management--Mathematical models

description: In this dissertation, we adopt the viability approach to mathematical finance developed in the book of Karatzas and Kardaras (2020), and extend it to settings where portfolio choice is constrained. We introduce in Chapter 2 the notions of supermartingale numeraire, supermartingale deflator, and viability. After that, we characterize all supermartingale deflators under conic constraints on portfolio choice. Most importantly, we prove a fundamental theorem for equity market structure and arbitrage theory under such conic constraints, to the effect that the existence of the supermartingale numeraire is equivalent to market viability. Further, and always under the assumption of viability, we establish some additional optimality properties of the supermartingale numeraire. In the end of Chapter 2, we pose and solve a problem of robust maximization of asymptotic growth, under some realistic assumptions. In Chapter 3, we state and prove the Optional Decomposition Theorem under conic constraints. Using this version of the Optional Decomposition Theorem, we deal with the problem, of superhedging contingent claims. In Chapter 4, we consider yet another portfolio optimization problem. Under simultaneous conic constraints on portfolio choice, and drawdown constraints on their generated wealth, we try to maximize the long-term growth rate from investment. Application of the Azema-Yor transform allows us to show that the optimal portfolio for this optimization problem is a simple path transformation of a supermartingale numeraire portfolio. Some asymptotic properties of this portfolio are also discussed in Chapter 4.
Inong Aceh : an analysis on the changing position of women in Aceh
Creators: name: Amir, Iwan Dzulvan
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2002

description: The women of Aceh have become more outspoken in their demands to improve their lives. For too long their voices have been drowned in outside praises of a glorious an distant past. The previous chapters have shown that the exaggerated rhetoric of "the independent Acehnese women" often serves to hide the fact that Acehnese women have been confined into the domestic sphere and outside of the public sphere. This misleading image has been so successful that few Acehnese women would question such a construct and consequently failed to question the male dominance in almost every aspect of decision-making social mechanisms. This gender imbalance has been very structural and thoroughly internalised by Acehnese men and women that the current contestation is focused in representation (who gets to say what) and not political (who gets to do what). Until Acehnese men and women in general achieve a level of gender awareness which transcends the obsession over form, any effort to improve gender relations will only scratch the surface. Worse, it may even serve to reinforce and reproduce the existing dominance of one gender over the other. The use of women imagery in the propaganda war between the Indonesian military and the separatist GAM - both in more than one occasion claimed to champion women's rights - is an example of the subversion of gender representation. It is no coincidence that both sides are basically male-dominated organisations. Not everything in Aceh is hopeless. Fortunately for women the current conflict in Aceh presents a window of opportunity to demand for a change in the composition of political leadership. With so many Acehnese men is reluctant to be openly involved in politics (due to the military oppression), the field is open for women to become more involved in public leadership. Whether Acehnese women is able to seize this opportunity only history can tell.
New Explicit Lorentzian Einstein-Weyl Structures in 3-Dimensions
Creators: name: Merker, Joël
name: Nurowski, Paweł
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: On a $3$D manifold, a Weyl geometry consists of pairs $(g, A) =$ (metric, $1$-form) modulo gauge $\widehat{g} = {\rm e}^{2φ} g$, $\widehat{A} = A + {\rm d}φ$. In 1943, Cartan showed that every solution to the Einstein-Weyl equations $R_{(μν)} - \frac{1}{3} R g_{μν} = 0$ comes from an appropriate $3$D leaf space quotient of a $7$D connection bundle associated with a 3$^{\rm rd}$ order ODE $y''' = H(x,y,y',y'')$ modulo point transformations, provided $2$ among $3$ primary point invariants vanish $$ \text{Wünschmann}(H) \equiv 0\equiv \text{Cartan}(H). $$We find that point equivalence of a single PDE $z_y = F(x,y,z,z_x)$ with para-CR integrability $DF := F_x + z_x F_z \equiv 0$ leads to a completely similar $7$D Cartan bundle and connection. Then magically, the (complicated) equation $\text{Wünschmann}(H) \equiv 0$ becomes $$0\equiv\text{Monge}(F):=9F_{pp}^2F_{ppppp}-45F_{pp}F_{ppp}F_{pppp}+40F_{ppp}^3,\qquad p:=z_x, $$ whose solutions are just conics in the $\{p, F\}$-plane. As an ansatz, we take $$F(x,y,z,p):= \frac{α(y)(z-xp)^2+β(y)(z-xp)p+γ(y)(z-xp) +δ(y)p^2+\varepsilon(y)p+ζ(y)}{λ(y)(z-xp)+μ(y) p+ν(y)}, $$ with $9$ arbitrary functions $α, \dots, ν$ of $y$. This $F$ satisfies $DF \equiv 0 \equiv \text{Monge}(F)$, and we show that the condition $\text{Cartan}(H) \equiv 0 $ passes to a certain $\boldsymbol{K}(F) \equiv 0$ which holds for any choice of $α(y), \dots, ν(y)$. Descending to the leaf space quotient, we gain $\infty$-dimensional functionally parametrized and explicit families of Einstein-Weyl structures $\big[ (g, A) \big]$ in $3$D. These structures are nontrivial in the sense that ${\rm d}A \not\equiv 0$ and $\text{Cotton}([g]) \not \equiv 0$.
Bombylius analis subsp. diagonalis WIEDEMANN
Creators: name: Dils, J.
name: Özbek, H.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2006
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Bombyliidae
Bombylius
Bombylius analis
Bombylius analis ssp. diagonalis wiedemann

description: Bombylius analis ssp. diagonalis WIEDEMANN in MEIGEN 1820
D i s t r i b u t i o n: Austria, Bosnia-Hercegovina, Croatia, Estonia, France, Greece, Gruzia, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Macedonia, Malta, Moldova, Portugal, Russia (CET, SET), Slovenia, Spain, Turkey, Ukraine, former Yugoslavia.
M a t e r i a l: Çanakkale: Behram, 39°30'22" N- 26°19'52" E, 02.05.2001 (Dils J., Faes J.).
description: Published as part of Dils, J. & Özbek, H., 2006, Contribution to the Knowledge of the Bombyliidae of Turkey (Diptera), pp. 455-504 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 38 (1) on page 464, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5433375
Additional file 1: of Impact of a bottom-up community engagement intervention on maternal and child health services utilization in Ghana: a cluster randomised trial
Creators: name: Alhassan, Robert
name: Nketiah-Amponsah, Edward
name: Ayanore, Martin
name: Agani Afaya
name: Salia, Solomon
name: Japiong Milipaak
name: Ansah, Evelyn
name: Owusu-Agyei, Seth
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: Randomization and sampling procedure. Source: WOTRO-COHEiSION Ghana Project (2012â 2014); Legend: GAR (Greater Accra); WR (Western Region); SCE (Systematic Community Engagement) (DOCX 33 kb)
One- and many-body effects on mirages in quantum corrals
Creators: name: Lobos, A.
name: Aligia, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent interesting experiments used scanning tunneling microscopy to study systems involving Kondo impurities in quantum corrals assembled on Cu or noble metal surfaces. The solution of the two-dimensional one-particle Schrodinger equation in a hard wall corral without impurity is useful to predict the conditions under which the Kondo effect can be projected to a remote location (the quantum mirage). To model a soft circular corral, we solve this equation under the potential W*delta(r-r0), where r is the distance to the center of the corral and r0 its radius. We expand the Green's function of electron surface states Gs0 for r
description: 13 pages, 12 figures, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. B. Calculations of spin correlations within an additional approximation added
Approximation of Multiobjective Optimization Problems
Creators: Diakonikolas, Ilias
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: Computer science

description: We study optimization problems with multiple objectives. Such problems are pervasive across many diverse disciplines -- in economics, engineering, healthcare, biology, to name but a few -- and heuristic approaches to solve them have already been deployed in several areas, in both academia and industry. Hence, there is a real need for a rigorous investigation of the relevant questions. In such problems we are interested not in a single optimal solution, but in the tradeoff between the different objectives. This is captured by the tradeoff or Pareto curve, the set of all feasible solutions whose vector of the various objectives is not dominated by any other solution. Typically, we have a small number of objectives and we wish to plot the tradeoff curve to get a sense of the design space. Unfortunately, typically the tradeoff curve has exponential size for discrete optimization problems even for two objectives (and is typically infinite for continuous problems). Hence, a natural goal in this setting is, given an instance of a multiobjective problem, to efficiently obtain a ``good'' approximation to the entire solution space with ``few'' solutions. This has been the underlying goal in much of the research in the multiobjective area, with many heuristics proposed for this purpose, typically however without any performance guarantees or complexity analysis. We develop efficient algorithms for the succinct approximation of the Pareto set for a large class of multiobjective problems. First, we investigate the problem of computing a minimum set of solutions that approximates within a specified accuracy the Pareto curve of a multiobjective optimization problem. We provide approximation algorithms with tight performance guarantees for bi-objective problems and make progress for the more challenging case of three and more objectives. Subsequently, we propose and study the notion of the approximate convex Pareto set; a novel notion of approximation to the Pareto set, as the appropriate one for the convex setting. We characterize when such an approximation can be efficiently constructed and investigate the problem of computing minimum size approximate convex Pareto sets, both for discrete and convex problems. Next, we turn to the problem of approximating the Pareto set as efficiently as possible. To this end, we analyze the Chord algorithm, a popular, simple method for the succinct approximation of curves, which is widely used, under different names, in a variety of areas, such as, multiobjective and parametric optimization, computational geometry, and graphics.
Archery in Archaic Greece
Creators: Davis, Todd
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: History, Ancient
Civilization, Classical
Classical antiquities
Military history
History

description: Despite a renewed interest in scholarship about archaic warfare, hoplites, Homeric society, and several other related areas, archery in Archaic Greece has managed to escape comprehensive study for half a century. Scholarship on the subject stands in urgent need of update and revision. Certain erroneous beliefs about archery have become canonical and are dangerous impediments to academic progress in those areas of study that require an accurate and nuanced understanding of archers or archery. I conclude that, contrary to popular opinion, there was no point in Greek history when the bow was not used.  Rather, it was used in a variety of ways to support, supplement, and complement heavily armed infantrymen. Although archery could be effective, especially against horses and light-armed men, the bow was not as effective against heavily armed infantrymen for the simple reason that arrows would not often have been able to penetrate Greek armor.  This factor did not, however, mean that the bow was impotent or "the feeble weapon of a worthless man."  My study of wounds, their treatment, infection, and the potential use of arrow toxins adds a fruitful and previously unexplored perspective on the risks involved with facing an archer and some of the psychological considerations of doing so.  In a form of warfare wherein armies were so heavily dependent upon morale and so easily compromised by fear, an arrow was a weapon of terror. Moreover, dying six days after a battle of tetanus did not accord with the hoplites' ideal of a `beautiful death' - one of the prospects that fortified a warrior as he girded himself for what was surely a horrifying ordeal. I also argue that the identity of archers changed over time.  Early on, warriors might use a variety of weapons and the bow might have been used by just about anyone.  Later, with the advent of the hoplite phalanx, archers became light-armed specialists. While convention holds that these archers were Scythian or Cretan mercenaries, I prove that there is no compelling reason to believe that this was so.  The archers were Greek and likely derived from the lower classes of citizens.  Moreover, despite its ideological demotion among the elite, the bow did not carry an actively negative association until the Persian Wars in the early 5th century B.C.E. In sum, the treatment of archery in the Archaic period is considerably more nuanced than many scholars have allowed.
Architecting Superatomic Metal Chalcogenide Clusters for Materials Design
Creators: Pinkard, Andrew
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Chemistry
Microclusters
Nanowires
Materials
Chalcogenides

description: This dissertation describes and summarizes the research I performed as a member of the Roy group. The Roy group uses molecular clusters as nanoscale building blocks for new materials, in addition to several other topics of related interest including the design and synthesis of molecular wires to study the movement of electrons (conductance) at the molecular level. Chapter 1 introduces molecular clusters as superatomic nanoscale building blocks and describes how superatomic crystals, analogous to ionic crystals, can be controllably assembled from these building blocks. Next, Chapter 2 examines how the atomic properties of ionization energy and electron affinity can be extended to superatoms by investigating the Co₆Se₈(PEt₃)₆(CO)₆₋ₓ family of clusters. As the degree of cabonylation increases, the superatom moves from alkali-like to halogen-like behavior; i.e., it becomes harder to ionize and easier to add an electron to the superatom as PEt₃ ligands are replaced with CO ligands while still maintaining the overall electron count of the cluster. Chapter 3 then moves to discuss how the related building blocks, Co₆Te₈(PEt₃)₆ and its derivatives, can be assembled into superatomic crystals using the electron-accepting Fe₈O4pz₁₂C₁₄ cluster. Chapter 4 then uses this same Fe₈O4pz₁₂C₁₄ cluster as a probe for singlet fission triplet dynamics by functionalizing this cluster with a singlet fission chromophore. Chapter 5 continues the idea of ligand design by exploring a series of oligophenylenediamine molecules capable of binding to gold (and presumably other metals), and it is observed that the conductance dramatically increases by applying a high positive bias to the molecules when they are bound to the tips of two gold electrodes. This dissertation concludes with Chapter 6, which discusses how new cobalt chalcogenide materials prepared from superatomic precursors can be deployed as new battery electrode materials for lithium and sodium ion batteries. Each of these chapters help illustrate how synthetic chemistry can be used to both elucidate interesting chemical phenomena and to design new materials with tailored properties.
Additional file 2: of Impact of a bottom-up community engagement intervention on maternal and child health services utilization in Ghana: a cluster randomised trial
Creators: name: Alhassan, Robert
name: Nketiah-Amponsah, Edward
name: Ayanore, Martin
name: Agani Afaya
name: Salia, Solomon
name: Japiong Milipaak
name: Ansah, Evelyn
name: Owusu-Agyei, Seth
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Systematic Community Engagement (SCE) implementation steps. Source: WOTRO-COHEiSION Ghana Project baseline and follow-up field data (2014), cited in Alhassan et al. (2015); Legend: C=Client; P=Provider; I=Insure; NHIS (National Health Insurance Scheme); NHIA (National Health Insurance Authority) (DOCX 30 kb)
New five-dimensional Bianchi type magnetically charged hairy topological black hole solutions in string theory
Creators: name: Naderi, F.
name: Rezaei-Aghdam, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct black hole solutions to the leading order of string effective action in five dimensions with the source given by dilaton and magnetically charged antisymmetric gauge $B$-field. Presence of the considered $B$-field leads to the unusual asymptotic behavior of solutions which are neither asymptotically flat nor asymptotically (A)dS. We consider the three-dimensional space part to correspond to the Bianchi classes and so the horizons of these topological black hole solutions are modeled by seven homogeneous Thurston geometries of $E^3$, $S^3$, $H^3$, $H^2 \times E^1$, $\widetilde{SL_2R}$, nilgeometry, and solvegeometry. Calculating the quasi-local mass, temperature, entropy, dilaton charge, and magnetic potential, we show that the first law of black hole thermodynamics is satisfied by these quantities and the dilaton hair is of the secondary type. Furthermore, for Bianchi type $V$, the $T$-dual black hole solution is obtained which carries no charge associated with $B$-field and possesses a dilaton hair of secondary kind. Also, the entropy turns to be invariant under the $T$-duality.
Bombylius canescens MIKAN 1796
Creators: name: Dils, J.
name: Özbek, H.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2006
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Bombyliidae
Bombylius
Bombylius canescens

description: Bombylius canescens MIKAN 1796
D i s t r i b u t i o n: Albania, Armenia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Belgium, Bosnia-Hercegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Estonia, France, Germany, Greece, Gruzia, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Libya, Lithuania, Malta, Moldova, Netherlands, Poland, Romania, Russia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Switzerland, Syria, Turkey, Turkmenistan, UK (Great Britain, Nothern Ireland).
M a t e r i a l: İzmir: Kavakdere, 38°6'17" N- 26°51'8" E, 30.04.2001 (Dils J., Faes J.). Kars: Sarıkamış, 40°15'45,9" N- 42°39'31,6" E, 15.07.2003 (Garrevoet T.C., W.) Muğla: Yerkesik, 37°7'29" N- 28°16'15" E, 28.04.2001 (Dils J., Faes J.); Yuvacık, 36°49'41" N- 28°11'27" E, 24.04.2001 (Dils J., Faes J.); Reşadiye Yarımadası, 36°45'51" N- 27°45'59" E, 22.04.2001 (Dils J., Faes J.).
description: Published as part of Dils, J. & Özbek, H., 2006, Contribution to the Knowledge of the Bombyliidae of Turkey (Diptera), pp. 455-504 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 38 (1) on page 464, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5433375
Architectural Citation of Notre-Dame of Paris in the Land of the Paris Cathedral Chapter
Creators: Cook, Lindsay Shepherd
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Art
Architecture, Gothic
Middle Ages
History
Church architecture
Rural churches

description: This study foregrounds the problem of the center and periphery of Gothic architecture near Paris. Taking architectural citation as its interpretive framework, it focuses on a core group of rural parish churches situated in the land of the Paris cathedral chapter. It addresses the visual links between Notre-Dame of Paris and the village churches, the ways in which architectural citation was put into practice, and the institutional context that imbued the resemblances with meaning. It demonstrates that quoting the architecture of the cathedral of Paris was the exception, not the rule, in the villages of the cathedral chapter. When they occurred, the citations were mostly superficial, not structural, and resulted from contact between the community of secular canons installed at the cathedral and the administrators responsible for the village churches.
      The introduction sets the problem of architectural citation in the land of the Paris cathedral chapter against the backdrop of architectural citation in other contexts in medieval France: namely, Cluniac, Cistercian, and Capetian. Proceeding according to the Notre-Dame of Paris construction sequence, Part One reveals the architectural citations of the cathedral of Paris found in the chapter’s land: at Saint-Germain of Andrésy, Saint-Hermeland of Bagneux, Saint-Lubin of Châtenay, Saint-Christophe of Créteil, Saint-Germain of Itteville, Notre-Dame of Jouy, Saint-Mathurin of Larchant, Saint-Nicolas of Mézières, Notre-Dame of Rozay, Saint-Martin of Sucy, and Saint-Fortuné of Vernou. Part Two introduces the Paris cathedral chapter as an institution and a community of individual canons, maps the chapter’s rural property as it expanded from the ninth to the fourteenth century, articulates the language the chapter used to describe its villages and land, and explores the canons’ secular and sacred authority in its villages. Part Two concludes by bringing the institutional relationship to bear on the architectural evidence presented in Part One.
MOESM1 of Engineering of 3-ketosteroid-∆1-dehydrogenase based site-directed saturation mutagenesis for efficient biotransformation of steroidal substrates
Creators: name: Mao, Shuhong
name: Wang, Jian-Wen
name: Liu, Fufeng
name: Zhu, Zhangliang
name: Gao, Dengke
name: Guo, Qianqian
name: Xu, Panpan
name: Ma, Zheng
name: Hou, Yali
name: Cheng, Xiaotao
name: Sun, Dengyue
name: Lu, Fuping
name: Qin, Hui-Min
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Primers used for the construction of KsdD3 WT and mutants. Table S2. Energy minimization of KsdD3 with and without substrate for the wild-type and mutants. Table S3. Productivity of steroid bioconversion in 48 h (g L−1 h−1). Fig. S1. Purification of KsdD3. Fig. S2. The relative activity of KsdD3 mutants towards steroidal substrates. Fig. S3. Products analysis of steroidal substrates by GC–MS. Fig. S4. A Spectral data for hydrocarbons analysis of 16α,17α-epoxypregna-11α-hydroxy-1,4-diene-3,20-dione by NMR. B Spectral data for hydrocarbons analysis of 3-hydroxy-9,10-secoandrosta-1,3,5(10)-triene-9,17-dione by NMR. C Spectral data for hydrocarbons analysis of 17α-hydroxypregna-1,4-diene-3,11,20-trione by NMR. Fig. S5. Amino acid sequence alignments of 3-ketosteroid-∆1-dehydrogenase from different strains. Fig. S6. The relative catalytic activity of KsdD3 mutants toward AD. Fig. S7. The relative catalytic activity of saturation mutagenesis on W299 toward AD. Fig. S8. The relative catalytic activity of KsdD WT and mutants toward various steroidal substrates. Fig. S9. Michaelis–Menten plots of KsdD3 WT and W299A, W299G mutants toward nine steroidal substrates. Fig. S10. Potential of mean force (PMF) profiles of the KsdD3 wild type and mutants over the distance along the substrate channel.