cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Krankheit bei Mensch und Tier durch Verzehr von Mensch und Tier: Eine kleine Geschichte von BSE und Creutzfeldt-Jakob-Krankheit
Creators: name: Popp, Walter
Publisher: name: DuEPublico: Duisburg-Essen Publications online, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: 610

description: Es ist ein wenig ruhiger geworden um BSE und Creutzfeldt-Jakob-Krankheit in den letzten Jahren. Doch was ist eigentlich der Status Quo? Kann man wirklich von einer erfolgreichen Eindämmung sprechen? Der Artikel versucht Antworten auf die offenen Fragen zu geben und zeichnet die Geschichte dieser Krankheiten nach.
description: A short history of prion diseases is given. Scrapie as disease of sheep was first seen in 1732. In the last century, similar diseases were described in goats, minks and other animals. In the beginning of the last century, the first cases of Creutzfeld Jakob Disease (CJD) were described. This neurological disease of humans develops in about 100 cases in Germany per year and leads to death within about 6 months. All these diseases show spongiform degenerations of the brain (spongiform encephalopathy) and are transmissible, even iatrogenic. Similar cases were seen in the 50’s of the last century in Papua New Guinea in the Fore tribe resulting from cannibalism. In 1986, “mad cow” disease was described in the UK: it was later called Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE). About 10 years later, a variant of CJD (vCJD) was seen in humans and this is attributed to the consumption of infected meat. All these diseases are caused by a so-called prion protein. The individual risk of getting vCJD seems to depend on a genetic polymorphism in the prion protein gene. The EU has taken several steps to prevent the spread of the disease in humans and animals, e.g. testing cattle, culling and burning of infected cattle and cohort animals and eliminating risk materials (like brain tissue). These schemes have been costly and have changed consumer behaviour. In the healthcare sector, recommendations were published to limit the spread of the disease by instruments used in unknown prion carriers. Unfortunately, these steps are not safe in any case and are very expensive. The real extent of the risk posed by prion diseases remains an open question.
description: UNIKATE: Berichte aus Forschung und Lehre, no. 30Essen im Blick. Ein interdisziplinärer Streifzug, p. 20
title: Esslust – Essfrust: über das Unbehagen der Moderne an der Industrialisierung von Speis’ und Trank
Creators: name: Dederichs, Andrea
name: Rülcker, Christoph
Publisher: name: DuEPublico: Duisburg-Essen Publications online, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: 300

description: In den westlichen Industrieländern gibt es Essen im Überfluss. Der Kampf um das tägliche Brot ist längst passé. Dennoch ist Essen nach wie vor in allerMunde und ein wichtiges Thema. Es hat sich zu einem andauernden postmodernen Hintergrundrauschen in der Gesellschaft entwickelt, das es soziologisch zu untersuchen gilt.
description: The industrialization and socialization of food and drink have altered the relationship between the individual and society and between nature and culture. This change came about in the 1970s in the form of a happy marriage between business and culinary culture. However, the alliance has come undone recently: the strict demands of economics have eroded the normative rules of culinary culture, which originated and developed around issues of taste, quality and community. Instead, they call for an insatiable consumer who is being denigrated at the same time as an uncontrollable glutton. The latter follows logically since the strategy of inducing guilt by finger pointing at the greedy consumer is itself a product of an ever-expanding world of goods and services. It comes as no surprise that both health food products and confectionary alike are often offered to the consumer by the same companies.
description: UNIKATE: Berichte aus Forschung und Lehre, no. 30Essen im Blick. Ein interdisziplinärer Streifzug, p. 32
Projektni zadaci za TOBS predmet
Creators: name: Miljković, Nadica
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: analiza signala
statistička analiza
eksplorativna analiza
izdvajanje obeležja
mašinsko učenje
vizuelizacija
geoprostorno mapiranje

description: Spisak projektnih zadataka za predmet Tehnike obrade biomedicinskih signala na Elektrotehničkom fakultetu Univerziteta u Beogradu u školskoj 2023/24. godini. Neki od projekata su preuzeti iz ranijih godina.
title: Ordnung im Chaos: Molekular-kinetische Simulationen in der Strömungsmechanik
Creators: name: Hänel, Dieter
Publisher: name: DuEPublico: Duisburg-Essen Publications online, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: 620

description: Die Strömung eines Fluides kann entweder makroskopisch mittels Kontinuumstheorie oder mikroskopisch auf der Grundlage molekular-kinetischer Modelle beschrieben werden. Die Kontinuumsannahme versagt jedoch, wenn beispielsweise ein Gas stark verdünnt ist oder die Abmessungen mikroskopisch klein sind. Die Modellierung erfordert in diesen Fällen eine mikroskopische Betrachtung auf molekularer Ebene. In diesem Beitrag werden wichtige, molekular-kinetische Simulationsmethoden mit einigen Berechnungsbeispielen vorgestellt.
description: This contribution presents a brief overview of numerical concepts for molecular-kinetic simulations of fluid flows. In general, molecularkinetic methods offer a wider range of applicability than continuum approaches and enable the development of efficient and flexible simulation methods even for continuum flows. The kinetic approaches are based on a statistical interpretation of the chaotic Brownian movement of gas molecules, which is represented in the form of a probability function: the so-called velocity distribution function. The governing equation to determine this function is the famous Boltzmann equation. The mathe-matical difficulties for solving this non-linear partial integrodifferential equation analytically are very high. More general solutions for technical and scientific problems are achieved by numerical methods only. The three most commonly used numerical solution concepts are discussed here. The „Direct Simulation Monte Carlo“ (DSMC) method simulates the random motion of the Brownian movement directly on the computer without solving any differential equations. The DSMC method is widely used for problems of rarefied gasses as they appear in vacuum technique or at re-entry flights of space vehicles. The other two solution concepts presented here are based on a reduced phase space and offer therefore very simple but efficient methods for continuum and nearcontinuum problems. The „Cellular Automata“ or „Lattice-Gas“ methods are simplified direct-simulation methods but not very well suited for continuous problems due to inherent statistical fluctuations. An extension of this method is the „‘Lattice-Boltzmann“ method, which is intensively under development and application at the site of the author. This method is described here in more detail and demonstrated by a number of examples, as simulations for chemically reacting flow, for gas-particle flow in technical filters and in the nasal airways.
description: UNIKATE: Berichte aus Forschung und Lehre, no. 31Ingenieurwissenschaften - Von Nano bis Giga: Computersimulationen, p. 34
Supplementary document for Anomalous π Modes by Floquet Engineering in Optical Lattices with Long-range Coupling - 6137074.pdf
Creators: name: Wu, Shengjie
name: Song, Wange
name: Lin, Zhiyuan
name: Chen, Chen
name: Zhu, Shining
name: Li, Tao
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2025
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Detailed theoretical calculation and experimental proposal
title: Saubere Kühlluft für heiße Turbinen: Partikelabscheidung im Kühlluftsystem von Gasturbinen
Creators: name: Jarzombek, Katharina
name: Benra, Friedrich-Karl
name: Dohmen, Hans
Publisher: name: DuEPublico: Duisburg-Essen Publications online, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: 620

description: Ein wesentlicher Aspekt bei der Entwicklung neuer Gasturbinen ist ein zuverlässiges und hochleistungsfähiges Kühlluftsystem, denn es gilt die Regel: je höher die Turbineneintrittstemperatur, desto höher der Gesamtwirkungsgrad der Maschine. Numerische Simulationen ermöglichen einen gezielten Einsatz von kostspieligen Experimenten für die Entwicklung immer leistungsfähigerer Kühlsysteme.
description: The cooling of the thermally stressed components of gas turbines becomes more important since still higher turbine inlet temperatures are aspired to increase the engine efficiency. Consequently, higher requirements result to the internal cooling air system. The cooling air is conveyed through very small channels, so it has to be free of impurities in order to prevent the blockage of the small channels. Large filter upstream of the engine are used to protect the gas turbine from impurities. But it is not possible to separate all the dust particles from the air and an additional separation process is required. In modern high efficiency gas turbines so-called pre-swirl system can be used for the separation process. Experimental studies of such a system are very expensive and time-consuming. The application of numerical simulations can reduce the effort significantly. In the present article, a simulation method is presented and explained that was developed for calculations of particle traces in compressible fluids. The self-developed program allows simulations of special effects which were detected within the experimental investigations. These effects are the particle deposition on walls due to the van-der-Waals force, particle cracking caused by collision of particles with walls and the calculation of erosion. Simulation results are presented and compared to the measurement data. The comparison show good agreement between the numerical method and the measurements. With further simulations, the effort of necessary experiments can be reduced significantly. By enhancement of the algorithm, the calculation method could be also used for other numerical studies of particles in fluids.
description: UNIKATE: Berichte aus Forschung und Lehre, no. 31Ingenieurwissenschaften - Von Nano bis Giga: Computersimulationen, p. 44
Listerial rhombencephalitis
Creators: name: Huertas Moreno, Marta
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Infection

description: Clinical History Image Findings Discussion Find Diagnosis Differential Diagnosis
description: female, 66 years
description: Clinical History: A previously healthy 66-year-old female patient was diagnosed of gastroenteritis by her family doctor due to vomiting, diarrhea and fever of 39ÃÂºC. Two days later, she was referred to our Emergency Department due to dysarthria, facial palsy, ataxia and fe... Final Diagnosis: Listerial rhombencephalitis.
title: Je genauer, je besser: Verbesserung der Messgenauigkeit bei Gas-Durchflussmessung durch numerische Simulation der Strömungsfelder
Creators: name: Lavante, Ernst
Publisher: name: DuEPublico: Duisburg-Essen Publications online, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: 620

description: Durch den Anstieg des deutschen Gasverbrauchs in den letzten zehn Jahren steigt auch das Interesse an Messgenauigkeit, denn beim Transport, der Verteilung und der Abrechnung spielt die quantitative Erfassung der Volumen-, Massen- und vor allem Energieströme eine große Rolle. Ernst von Lavante beschäftigt sich mit Strömungsfelduntersuchungen an Durchflussgeräten mittels Computersimulationen.
description: The accuracy of flow metering in volumetric type meters depends strongly on the flow field at the inflow as well as in the meter itself. The performance of the high-pressure natural gas flow meters could be significantly improved when the flow field was known in sufficient detail. To this end, the Fluid Mechanics Group at the University of DuE analysed the flow fields in various flow meters carrying out numerical flow simulations. These investigations included critical flow Venturinozzles, turbine flow meters, rotary piston flow meters, vortex shedding flow meters and Coriollis-force flow meters. The numerical results have been verified by corresponding experiments where possible. The accuracy and the range of the flow meters under investigation could be in most cases significantly improved.
description: UNIKATE: Berichte aus Forschung und Lehre, no. 31Ingenieurwissenschaften - Von Nano bis Giga: Computersimulationen, p. 54
The Effect of Male Reading Role Models on the Reading Attitudes of Fourth Grade Male Students
Creators: name: Jung, Ann
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: male reading
subject: role models
subject: reading attitudes
subject: Education -- Research papers (Graduate).

description: The purpose of this study was to determine whether exposure to male reading role models would affect the attitudes of sixteen fourth grade male students from the researcher’s class toward pleasure reading and toward reading as a male activity.  The measurement tool was the Reading Attitude Survey designed by the researcher based on the Elementary Reading Attitude Survey (ERAS).  This study involved the use of a pretest/posttest design to compare data from the beginning to the end of the six week study period.  Results of the study were mixed.  There was no significant difference between the mean pre-intervention Attitude Toward Reading score (Mean = 27.64, SD = 6.02) and the mean post-intervention score (Mean = 27.57, SD = 5.42) [t(13) = .08, p = .94]. The mean post-intervention Attitude Toward Reading as a Male Activity score (Mean = 26.21, SD = 3.95) was significantly higher than the mean pre-intervention score (Mean = 23.57, SD = 3.92) [t(13) = 4.17, p = .001]. The mean post-intervention Total Reading Attitude score (Mean = 53.79, SD = 8.68) was significantly higher than the pre-intervention score [Mean = 51.21, SD = 8.51) [t(13) 2.17, p = .05].  Results could have been influenced by several factors.  Research into the effectiveness of using male reading role models to influence the reading attitudes of male students should continue and extend beyond the scope of this study.  Additional data could affect the practices used to improve the literacy development of students.
An evaluation of the smart metering program
Creators: name: Amin, Amr
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: Our electricity grid has changed little over the past 50-100 years and has not kept pace with the advancements in technology. An important upgrade to the grid is now taking place. Old electricity meters are being replaced with modern digital devices known as “smart meters”. This report compares the features of old electricity meters and smart meters, describes how the smart metering program works, discusses the advantages and disadvantages of the smart metering program, and analyzes the program from an economic standpoint. The main case study used throughout the report is the smart metering program in the province of British Columbia. The advantages of the smart metering program include two-way communication between the meter and the utility, improved power-outage-detection techniques, customer tools for conservation, and electricity theft detection. The disadvantages of the program include the transition process, the difficulty in ensuring the security of data, and the electromagnetic radiation produced by the smart meters. The smart metering program is worthwhile from an economic standpoint since its net present value is $520 million.
title: Kulturen des Essens zwischen Arbeits- und Erlebnisgesellschaft: das „Was“ und das „Wie“ des Essens: Sinn und Form von Gemeinschaft
Creators: name: Pankoke, Eckart
Publisher: name: DuEPublico: Duisburg-Essen Publications online, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: 000

description: Kulturen des Essens sind immer auch Zeichen unserer Lebensäußerungen. Eckart Pankoke reflektiert hier über die soziologischen Voraussetzungen und Implikationen des Essens insbesondere aus kulturgeschichtlicher Perspektive.
description: Social forms of eating and drinking raise not only the fundamental issues of human nutrition and survival. The socialised sharing and distribution of food are bound up with the politics of health and welfare. From a sociological perspective, social forms of common eating are considered some of the chief means of representing forms of human community and society. Through observation of the social semiotics visible in the forms of eating habits and table manners, we can identify the criteria of social distinction, symbolizing the bonds and bounds of common solidarity. Conclusions can be drawn both from looking at everyday forms of eating, as well as from observing the more artificial rituals and habits present in the consumption of festival and banquet fare. The pioneering ethnographer Georg Forster documented Captain Cook’s global circumnavigation, including anthropological descriptions of the rich variety and diversity of tastes and food preferences. Later, the revolutionary theorist Karl Marx observed that the cultural patterns of common eating and drinking symbolized radical solidarity in workers movement. Therefore, the customs of eating are related to the pressures of labour organisation. Open forms of public eating also symbolize a political culture of “open society” – combining freedom and solidarity. The great world religions such as Judaism, Islam and Christianity attach a special meaning to the celebration of common meals in their religious culture: “ The Lord’s table” and “round table” form a core element to the construction of identity in a faith community and a practical consequence of world-wide solidarity.
description: UNIKATE: Berichte aus Forschung und Lehre, no. 30Essen im Blick. Ein interdisziplinärer Streifzug, p. 38
title: Virtueller Propeller: Vergleich eines Propellermodells mit einem rotierenden Propeller in einer CFD-Simulation der viskosen Strömung um ein Schiff
Creators: name: Steden, Max
name: Müller, Sven-Brian
name: Neugebauer, Jens
name: El-Haddad, Mohamed
name: Abdel-Maksoud, Moustafa
Publisher: name: DuEPublico: Duisburg-Essen Publications online, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: 620

description: Der Vergleich der Computational Fluid Dynamics-Simulationen mit Propeller und Propellermodell zeigt in Strömungsmodellen für Schiffe generell, dass das Propellermodell bei konstantem Tiefgang des Schiffs gut funktioniert. Die durch das Propellermodell eingesparte Rechenkapazität ist beachtlich. Daher ist für Rechnungen, die nicht auf den Propellerbereich abzielen, die Verwendung des Propellermodells zu empfehlen.
description: In CFD-calculations the use of several millions of control volumes is common practice in order to simulate the flow around a ship. Yet it is worthwhile to save computation effort and time in every simulation to spend it in specific areas where it is interesting to get more detailed information. The paper treats the comparison of several simulations of the viscous flow around a ship in full scale. Some simulations include a rotating propeller while others work with a mathematical propeller model. By applying the propeller model it was possible to reduce the number of elements, so that a considerable amount of computation effort was saved. A useful strategy is to spend computational capacity on the inclusion of the free surface around the ship rather than neglecting its deformation. Thus it is possible to include the wave resistance into the total ship resistance instead of just considering the friction and the viscous pressure. The resolution of the wave system in a simulation considering the propeller influence improves the results tending to get close to reality, moreover, it allows the investigation of interactions between the two areas.
description: UNIKATE: Berichte aus Forschung und Lehre, no. 31Ingenieurwissenschaften - Von Nano bis Giga: Computersimulationen, p. 62
title: „Der Mensch ist, was er isst“: Natur und Kultur der Ernährung aus anthropologischer Sicht
Creators: name: Ingensiep, Hans
Publisher: name: DuEPublico: Duisburg-Essen Publications online, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: 610

description: Das berühmte Zitat Ludwig Feuerbachs „Der Mensch ist, was er isst.“ bietet den Anlass zu einer kleinen Reise durch die Wissensgeschichte und die Evolution. Aus einer anthropologischen Sicht lässt das Zusammenspiel von Natur und Kultur die menschliche Identität entstehen, weil beide Körper und Geist durch Nahrung beeinflussen. Die entscheidende Frage für Kant ist: Was ist der Mensch? Dieser Beitrag versucht Antworten aus historischer und biologischer Perspektive zu geben.
description: “Man is what he eats” – this famous statement by the German philosopher Ludwig Feuerbach allows a little journey through the history of science and the history of life (evolution). From an anthropological perspective, the interaction of nature and culture constructs human identity because both influence the human body and mind by means of nutrition. The philosophical question according to Kant is: “What is man?” This paper tries to provide some answers from a historical and from a biological perspective.
description: UNIKATE: Berichte aus Forschung und Lehre, no. 30Essen im Blick. Ein interdisziplinärer Streifzug, p. 52
Non-Invertible T-duality at Any Radius via Non-Compact SymTFT
Creators: name: Argurio, Riccardo
name: Collinucci, Andrés
name: Galati, Giovanni
name: Hulik, Ondrej
name: Paznokas, Elise
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extend the construction of the T-duality symmetry for the 2d compact boson to arbitrary values of the radius by including topological manipulations such as gauging continuous symmetries with flat connections. We show that the entire circle branch of the $c=1$ conformal manifold can be generated using these manipulations, resulting in a non-invertible T-duality symmetry when the gauging sends the radius to its inverse value. Using the recently proposed symmetry TFT describing continuous global symmetries of the boundary theory, we identify the topological operator corresponding to these new T-duality symmetries as an open condensation defect of the bulk theory, constructed by (higher) gauging an $\mathbb{R}$ subgroup of the bulk global symmetries. Notably, when the boundary theory is the compact boson with a rational square radius, this operator reduces to the familiar T-duality defect described by a Tambara-Yamagami fusion category. This construction thus naturally includes all possible discrete T-duality symmetries of the theory in a unified way.
description: 27 pages + appendices, 4 figures
REPARO DE HÉRNIA INCISIONAL: ANÁLISE CLÍNICA DOS RESULTADOS E DESFECHOS PÓS-OPERATÓRIOS
Creators: name: Cirênio de Almeida Barbosa; Cibele Ennes Ferreira; Lucas Martins dos Santos Tannús; Ronald Soares dos Santos; Artur Leonel Carneiro
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Introdução: A hérnia incisional é uma complicação frequente após cirurgias abdominais, afetando até 20% dos pacientes. Sua reparação é desafiadora devido às altas taxas de recidiva e complicações pós-operatórias, como infecção e dor crônica. A escolha da técnica cirúrgica e do material de prótese utilizado pode influenciar significativamente os resultados. Objetivo: Este estudo tem como objetivo revisar a literatura para avaliar os resultados clínicos e as complicações associadas às diferentes técnicas de reparo de hérnias incisionais. Resultado: A análise mostrou que as técnicas minimamente invasivas, como a laparoscopia e a cirurgia robótica, estão associadas a menores taxas de recidiva e complicações em comparação com a cirurgia aberta. A cirurgia robótica apresentou a menor taxa de recidiva (8%) e complicações (5%), além de uma recuperação mais rápida. Conclusão: Técnicas minimamente invasivas, especialmente a cirurgia robótica, oferecem melhores desfechos no reparo de hérnias incisionais, com menores taxas de recidiva e complicações. No entanto, a escolha da técnica deve ser personalizada com base nas características do paciente e na complexidade do caso.
title: Mobiles Funken: Simulation von Mobilfunknetzen
Creators: name: Seebens, Achim
name: Bruck, Guido
name: Jung, Peter
Publisher: name: DuEPublico: Duisburg-Essen Publications online, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: 621.3

description: Handys haben unseren Alltag erobert: Fast jede(r) Deutsche besitzt eins. Die Simulation von Mobilfunknetzen ist vor allem angesichts ihrer zunehmenden Komplexität der Systeme – Stichworte sind hier zum Beispiel Internationalisierung und Kompatibilität – sinnvoll. So ist es möglich, bei Plänen für Weiterentwicklungen und Ausbau alle zu berücksichtigenden Parameter mit einzubeziehen.
description: Digital cellular networks have experienced a rapid growth since their introduction in the early nineties of the last century. Nowadays mobile phones belong to the personal belongings for the daily life of many people. However, digital cellular networks are very complex systems, and their development and deployment costs a lot of money. Due to their complexity it is not possible to overlook all parameters and their influence on system performance from scratch. The only feasible way of evaluating such complex systems in detail is by means of computer simulations. However, again because of the complexity a single simulation for the whole system, which takes every aspect of the system into account, is not possible. Instead, one splits the system in a link level simulator and a system level simulator. The link level simulator covers all details of a single link between one or more transmit antennas and one or more receive antennas. A core component of the link level simulator is the channel model, which models the properties of the mobile channel between the antennas. Because of the great variability of mobile channels only statistical channel models are promising. But also of the kind of statistical models there exist a large variety. In this paper simulations are shown which were performed at the Department of Communication Technologies at the University Duisburg- Essen. There are examples of channel impulse responses shown as they are experienced by the base stations and mobile stations. It is demonstrated that both types of stations typically experience very different channels. Furthermore, there are link level simulations. These show the influence of different algorithms on the bit error ratio in nonfading and fading channels. Finally, there are simulation results shown which demonstrate the behavior of a whole mobile network.
description: UNIKATE: Berichte aus Forschung und Lehre, no. 31Ingenieurwissenschaften - Von Nano bis Giga: Computersimulationen, p. 74
Energy storage methods
Creators: name: Wu, Ting Hui
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: This paper provides a general introduction of various storage methods in five main categories: chemical energy storage, electrochemical energy storage, electrical energy storage, mechanical energy storage, and thermal energy storage. Among all storage methods, flow battery storage systems and flywheel energy storage systems are chosen to be investigated of their working principles, capacities, applications and future outlook in detail.
title: Gottes Wort – verführerisch süß: die Bibel als Geschmacksschule
Creators: name: Schart, Aaron
Publisher: name: DuEPublico: Duisburg-Essen Publications online, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: 200

description: In jeder Religion spielt das Essen eine große Rolle. Aaron Schart versucht, die Bibel als Geschmacksschule ins Spiel zu bringen, die zu intensivem Lebensgenuss anleitet.
description: There are more than one hundred religious movements living and working in the Ruhr area. Religious norms that prescribe certain dietetic rules are of importance for the life of a community. Religious prescriptions that are defensible on the basis of nutrition science and which serve the taste of the consumers are the ones most likely to survive. Taste, however, is heavily influenced by cultural and religious tradition. It reflects Protestant Christian self-understanding, if one looks into the Bible for guidance on how a healthy taste can be described and built. As one would expect, the Bible differentiates between sweet, sour, salty, and bitter. The metaphorical use of these terms is theologically significant. “Bitter” is connected with factors that diminish the value of life, e.g. the hard work of slave labour in Egypt (Exodus 1:14) or the experience of death (Qoh 7:26). “Sweetness” is attributed in an especially intense way to the personified figure of lady wisdom and God’s word. Of both it is said that their taste is “sweeter than honey”. God does not overpower human beings, demanding a morally intact but boring life: but instead, satisfies their deep longing for a life filled with joy and bliss. Nevertheless, the New Testament in particular contains several instances where it is clearly stated that the experience of the bitterness of death also belongs to the life of the believers, as Jesus has shown by the example of his life (Rom 6). As long as this world is not completely in harmony with God, a meaningful life has to develop a taste that enjoys overwhelming sweetness with a flavour of bitterness included.
description: UNIKATE: Berichte aus Forschung und Lehre, no. 30Essen im Blick. Ein interdisziplinärer Streifzug, p. 60
title: Sicher rechnen fürs Netz: Verifizierte Verkehrsmodellierung und -analyse in Dienste integrierenden Kommunikationsnetzen
Creators: name: Kempken, Sebastian
name: Luther, Wolfram
name: Haßlinger, Gerhard
Publisher: name: DuEPublico: Duisburg-Essen Publications online, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: 004

description: Die Messung sowie Modellierung, Analyse und Simulation des Datenverkehrs im Internet ist Ziel zahlreicher Arbeiten, die sich mit Elementen oder der Gesamtsicht eines IP-basierten Netzes beschäftigen. Die hier präsentierten Techniken führen auf eine adäquate Modellierung von korreliertem Datenverkehr, wie er im Internet zum Beispiel in Form von Videoübertragungen häufig anzutreffen ist. Der Einsatz eines Optimierungsverfahrens führt auf stochastische Prozessmodelle mit wenigen Zuständen. Diese lassen sich mittels effizienter Methoden verifiziert analysieren, um gesicherte Angaben zur Dienstgüte zu erhalten.
description: In this article, the authors present a means for the adequate modeling of video traffic in service-integrating communication networks using semi-Markov processes. This type of stochastic process is able to reflect two important characteristics of video traffic: The distribution and the autocorrelation. The model parameters are computed from given data traces using genetic programming in combination with an evolutionary optimization method. The semi- Markov models can be efficiently analyzed using different factorization approaches. On the one hand, we consider the polynomial factorization relying on the computation of roots of the so-called characteristic polynomial. On the other hand, we apply the Wiener-Hopf factorization, which considers two-phase distributions. Numerical instabilities, such as round-off errors, are likely to occur and can lead to wrong results. These difficulties are handled using verification techniques relying on intervals as basic computation units instead of floating-point numbers. This way, reliable results can be achieved, such as the buffer overflow probability at a network element, e.g. a switch or router.
description: UNIKATE: Berichte aus Forschung und Lehre, no. 31Ingenieurwissenschaften - Von Nano bis Giga: Computersimulationen, p. 86
title: Die Sinnlichkeit der Sünde: über das Verhältnis von Nahrungs- und Geschlechtstrieb im Christentum
Creators: name: Schulz, Heiko
Publisher: name: DuEPublico: Duisburg-Essen Publications online, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: 230

description: Enthält alles Sündhafte, als solches, ein Moment von Sinnlichkeit – und ist umgekehrt Sinnlichkeit, als solche, Sünde? Hat alles Sündhafte, als solches, einen Bezug zu Sex und/oder Essen? Und: Welches Verhältnis besteht zwischen diesen beiden Lebensäußerungen – zumindest insoweit ein Aufschluss darüber in irgendeiner Weise theologisch relevant ist? Antworten auf diese Fragen sucht Heiko Schulz in diesem Artikel
description: Nomenological, conceptual and theo-logical clarifications with regard to (1) the notions of sin and sensuality; (2) their relation to one another and (3) two fundamental human needs: food (corresponding to the drive to preserve oneself as an individual) and sex (corresponding to the drive to preserve oneself as a member of the human species). Ad (1): Theo- logically speaking, sin is guilt in relation to God and as such implies a transgression of a divine law; the awareness of the latter is a suffi-cient condition for the possibility of the former; the ability to sin is, as such, part and parcel of the human nature as having been created in the image of God. Sensuality can be understood as the ability to acquire perceptions in a specific way: Sensual perceptions are not only mediated by sensation and imagination alone, so that their content is, on the one hand, propositionally and/or conceptually unmediated and, on the other hand, unconditionally evident and unquestionable – if only in the first-person perspective. Moreover, they also and simultaneously trigger the disposition to experience the perceived object as either pleasant or (if only in a derivative way) unpleasant. Ad (2): Every sinful act entails an element of sensuality, but not vice versa. Ad (3): Although hunger and sexual desire have a lot in common, neither form of sensuality can be reduced to the other. Rather, sexuality is to be considered as the extreme of sensuality. Hence, it seems understandable both phe-nomenologically and historically that Christianity, by establishing ‘spirit’ as opposed to sensuality as a principle of human existence, has always – though to its own disadvantage – focussed on sexuality as coextensive with or at least as a paradigm of sin.
description: UNIKATE: Berichte aus Forschung und Lehre, no. 30Essen im Blick. Ein interdisziplinärer Streifzug, p. 72
title: Vom Kochrezept zur Kochanleitung: Sprachliche und mediale Aspekte einer verständlichen Vermittlung von Kochkenntnissen
Creators: name: Cölfen, Hermann
Publisher: name: DuEPublico: Duisburg-Essen Publications online, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: 000

description: Kochrezepte gehören zu den weltweit bekanntesten Textsorten. Für die Linguistik waren sie bislang ein nützlicher Prototyp zur Erklärung des Begriffs „Textsorte“; zum einen, weil Kochrezepte vergleichsweise simpel konstruiert sind und zum anderen, weil auf sie sprach- und kulturübergreifend zurück-gegriffen werden kann. Mittlerweile hat sich das ‚klassische‘ Kochrezept, bestehend aus Zutatenliste und Kochanleitung, weiterentwickelt. Die Vielfalt der Kochbuchkonzepte hat auch die Gestalt der Kochrezepte beeinflusst. Der Beitrag plädiert gleichermaßen (a) für eine Revision der textlinguistischen Einordnung von Kochanleitungen und (b) für eine am unterschiedlichen Vorwissen von Kochenden orientierte Entwicklung von Kochanleitungen. Bei Letzterem können Erkenntnisse aus der Angewandten Linguistik genutzt und moderne Medien eingesetzt werden.
description: Recipes belong to a group of texts that are almost universally recog-nised. So far, linguists have used recipes as a prototype to illustrate the concept of “text-type”, since recipes have not only a simple structure but also transcend languages and cultures. Over the decades, the ‘classic’ recipe consisting of a list of ingredients and a set of cooking instructions has continued to evolve and thus influence the structure of recipes. It is suggested here, there-fore, that not only a revision of the text-linguistic classification of cooking instructions be considered, but in addition, emphasis should be placed on the development of cooking instructions that take into consideration the varying expertise of the respective cooks. The latter would draw on insights from applied linguistics and modern media.
description: UNIKATE: Berichte aus Forschung und Lehre, no. 30Essen im Blick. Ein interdisziplinärer Streifzug, p. 84
Wind power fundamentals and applications
Creators: name: Wong, Ben
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: An increase in the demand of energy has risen dramatically in the past few decades since the industrial revolution, and also due to the earth’s growing population. Currently the most dominant source of energy usage is fossil fuels. This non-renewable resource will be depleted if we continue our energy usage trends over the next century. Furthermore burning of these fuels emits greenhouse gases into the environment, thus contributes to global warming. New sources of renewable energy must be developed in order to meet our world’s demands in energy. Renewable energy sources are readily available such as wind, hydro, solar, biomass, and more. The technology for harvesting these sources have been in development for many years and the awareness for it has gradually increased. Within the past two decades has nations been investing heavily into these sources. Wind energy been harvested and used for many decades. An example of a machine that converts this energy into mechanical energy is the windmill. They have been developed for milling grain, pumping water, and other uses. Wind turbines have been used to generate electricity over a century ago, but today the technology has advanced to a level where they can be installed offshore and operate on a massive scale to feed a nation’s electricity demand. We can see leading nations striving for renewable energy systems as a way to sustain our planet. This report will focus on wind energy and how the energy is converted into electricity, as well as different types of wind turbine configurations, the economics and future growth as well as the environmental concerns related to it.
title: Essens-Bilder: über die Bedeutung des Essens in der Fotografie
Creators: name: Seeger, Elke
Publisher: name: DuEPublico: Duisburg-Essen Publications online, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: 770

description: Dieser Beitrag stellt die ästhetisch-gestalterischen Möglichkeiten der Fotografie in punkto Essen in den Mittelpunkt. Eine Betrachtung über die bildliche Darstellung des Essens innerhalb der Fotografie impliziert zugleich eine kulturgeschichtliche Betrachtung des Essens.
description: Starting with the first splendid still lives from Jan Davidsz in the 17th century via Archimboldos’ manner-ist portraits of vegetables and fish as well as Daniel Spoerris’ “Eat-Art” projects to Wolfgang Tillman’s still lives of everyday-life; food and nutrition have been represented in art and commerce throughout the last 500 years. Food and its presentation are popular with all kinds of artists. What is so attractive about dealing with the idea of food? What are the considerations and what does their artistic realization look like within a photographic context: a medium that is more closely connected to reality than any other? To the present day, photography has been connected to reality by means of a technical apparatus, even if the digital possibilities of designing a fictional reality influence broad areas of contemporary photography. Terms like truth and fidelity of reproduction determine the theoretical discourse of photography morethan ever. The concept of “Photographie Sichten” is dedicated, in this second issue, to an exhibition project with the title “having been there”: the temporal and spacial connection of photography where reality is implied within almost every picture. On the basis of this media and art-historical observation of photography, a multi- faceted array of photographies arises, dealing with the depiction of food and food intake. This depiction touches on many aspects of commercial and non-commercial photography. Without a doubt the sensual moment- lust and joy- plays an important part in this process. Nevertheless, the culinary features of food and their aesthetic presentation are not the only motivation for the imagery. Dining and drinking are means of social interaction and thereby express personal, regional and cultural ideas on a national scale. Hence, images are created which, in themselves, reflect the close connection of everyday life in their depiction of food and food intake. A vast variety of approaches can be found, ranging from the classic still lives, documentation of an “objet trouvé” to commercial shots and typical food photography. Disregarding the period in which they were taken, it is obvious how closely related historical and contemporary food photography can be, and how the one continues to permeate the other.
description: UNIKATE: Berichte aus Forschung und Lehre, no. 30Essen im Blick. Ein interdisziplinärer Streifzug, p. 94
title: Vielseitige Verpackung: Numerische Strömungssimulation für effizientere Kunststoffverarbeitungsprozesse
Creators: name: Wortberg, Johannes
name: Bussmann, Markus
Publisher: name: DuEPublico: Duisburg-Essen Publications online, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: 620

description: Die Anforderungen an Folien sind so vielfältig wie ihre Anwendungsgebiete und beschränken sich nicht nur auf Verpackungsgüter. Um diesen Anforderungen gerecht zu werden, bieten Simulationen eine kostengünstige Möglichkeit die Funktionen vielschichtiger Folien zu optimieren.
description: To dimension an air-cooling-system for a blown film extrusion line, the computational fluid dynamics has been established. For more than ten years the institute for product engineering is engaged in this topic. Within the dissertation of D. Wolf and B. Feron the technical bases were set to improve the capacity of a cooling-system within the blown film-production by means of numerical methods. Because the convective heat transfer is the major cooling value inside the tube formation zone, J. Spirgatis used the fluid simulation in his work to investigate more precisely all occurrences in the cooling air. Due to the demonstrative display of path lines, temperature and pressure distribution within the domain, the computation helps to increase the understanding of the tight linkage between cooling airflow and film reaction. Generated results indicate that shortly above the first airflow guidance the free jet interacts with the ambient air. This interaction first of all leads to an absorption of the ambient air into the free jet, which causes an expansion of the free jet volume in extrusion direction. Furthermore macroscopic eddies and vortexes occur, due to fact that they accumulate to lager eddies they have the opportunity to interact with the hot melt of the tube formation zone. On the basis of this insight, a completely new air flow guidance has been developed. This system provides a controlled guidance of the main flow due to the venture-effect and the interaction of the ambient air can be affected purposefully. To develop a new air flow guidance, the use of a CFD-simulation tool is very helpful. None the less the simulation comes to its limitations, if the influence of the cooling air on the instable film should be considered. Due to this limitation, in a project supported by the German research department (DFG), the institute of engineering and plastic machinery has developed a process model. This model describes the tube formation zone numerically. By use of the CFD-simulation in combination with the numerical description, an iterative calculation of the state of equilibrium between the cooling air and the film is accomplished. The results of the first calculations show that this combination works quite well. Thus the basis is set up and further investigation will be made to gain a better prediction of the film contour.
description: UNIKATE: Berichte aus Forschung und Lehre, no. 31Ingenieurwissenschaften - Von Nano bis Giga: Computersimulationen, p. 110
title: Kino geht durch den Magen: eine Skizze zum Thema Essen im Film
Creators: name: Ellenbruch, Peter
Publisher: name: DuEPublico: Duisburg-Essen Publications online, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: 791

description: Wenn man über die Verarbeitung des Themas Essen in verschiedenen Erzählformen nachdenkt, stößt man unweigerlich auf die Darstellung des Essens im Kino. Schon allein kraft seiner fotografischen Bewegungsdarstellung ist der Film in der Lage den Vorgang des Essens und alle dazu gehörigen Aspekte – von der Essenszubereitung bis zum sozialen Umfeld verschiedener Essrituale – darzustellen und in eine Erzählung einzubinden. Dabei reicht das Spektrum der filmischen Essensdarstellung von der ekstatischen Ästhetisierung bis zum animalischen Gesuhle, von höchster kultureller Gesellschaftsentwicklung bis zu den Abgründen menschlicher Triebe.
description: Throughout cinema history, eating has been a common motif in film. In comparison to other means of narrative, film has the advantage of photographic representation in motion. This means that in cinematic aesthetics, the presentation of food, cooking and eating can directly set a mood (and everything from mouth watering to disgusting is possible) in which the characters of the story can be placed. In this context, the four examples given here L’Aile ou la Cuisse (1976, Claude Zidi), The Cook, the Thief, his Wife and her Lover (1989, Peter Greenaway), Yin Shi Nan Nu (1994, Ang Lee) and Soylent Green (1973, Richard Fleischer)) demonstrate that the motif of eating is always connected to the characterisations of the protagonists and their relationships to one another. Furthermore, broader social surroundings can be shown and commented on in relation to the motif of eating. Using these possibilities, Zidi creates a slapstick-like comedy around institutionalised French restaurants and restaurant critics, Greenaway ventures to reveal the decadence of his protagonists by combining the themes food and sex in an over-stylised British crime movie, Ang shows the importance of the philosophical attitude towards food and drink in Taiwanese everyday life and Fleischer reflects on a dictatorship of the food industry in his dystopian science-fiction film set in the USA. But whatever the plot or genre, in the cinema we can relate to the motif of eating through the mode of representation in film images combined with our own experiences with eating and drinking as foundations of human life and society.
description: UNIKATE: Berichte aus Forschung und Lehre, no. 30Essen im Blick. Ein interdisziplinärer Streifzug, p. 108
title: Editorial
Creators: name: Klawonn, Axel
Publisher: name: DuEPublico: Duisburg-Essen Publications online, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: 510

description: UNIKATE: Berichte aus Forschung und Lehre, no. 33Mathematik: eine lebendige Wissenschaft, p. 6