El Macayo: A Prehistoric Settlement in the Upper Santa Cruz River Valley
Creators: name: Sutton, Tyler
Publisher: name: SRI Press
Year: 2001
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description: Archaeological data recovery was undertaken by Statistical Research, Inc., at the site of El Macayo (AZ EE:9:107 [ASM]), a prehistoric village located on land occupied by the Santa Cruz County Complex in Nogales, Arizona. Fieldwork was conducted by a crew of four archaeologists and a physical anthropologist under the direction of William L. Deaver between April 16 and May 23, 1996. By the end of 28 days of fieldwork, 177 features had been exposed, identified, and mapped. Of these 177 features, 11 pit structures, 11 burials, 19 pits, and 1 miscellaneous feature were partially or fully excavated. Analysis and interpretation of architectural, ceramic, lithic, shell, floral, faunal, and burial data suggest that the village was occupied over a period of six centuries between A.D. 550 and 1150. The multicultural occupants of the site were foragers and farmers who had access to material goods produced in the Gila-Salt and Tucson Basins and in the Trincheras region of Sonora. After A.D. 950, they were producers of a local pottery tradition with links to the traditions of the Santa Cruz series documented for the Tucson Basin area.