cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The relationship of gender bias and standardized tests to the mathematics competency of university men and women
Creators: name: Sheehan, Kate Ruth
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: National attention has been focused on the usefulness of standardized aptitude tests as predictors of college performance. The results of the tests suggest that there is a widening gap between men and women, particularly in mathematics. Several research studies have indicated that this gap is a result of the presence of gender bias in the tests themselves; other studies point toward societal attitudes and/or cultural expectations as the cause. The purpose of this study is to investigate that so-called gender gap in mathematics and, in particular, the mathematics competency of a group of university men and women as measured by their scores on standardized achievement tests in arithmetic, elementary algebra, and intermediate algebra. A further purpose for the study is to consider the influence of other variables in addition to gender that may be related to mathematics competency including college grade point average, Scholastic Aptitude Test score, choice of college major, and U.S. citizenship. Subjects participating in this study were university students during the years 1984-1988 who chose to take a mathematics competency exam rather than a course in mathematics as stipulated by the university as a requirement to graduate. T-tests grouped by gender, citizenship, and major were done on the results of each of three levels of mathematics skills. Multiple regressions were used to identify which of the selected variables impacted most heavily on each achievement test. The results indicate there are no significant differences between men and women in arithmetic skills and elementary algebra skills when all other variables are controlled for. When SAT scores, GPA, gender, citizenship, and major were controlled, women outscored men on the highest level intermediate algebra test. Additional findings suggest that women enter college with significantly lower SAT scores than men, earn significantly higher college GPAs than men, choose majors wherein the mean GPA does not differ significantly from the mean GPA of other majors, and do at least as well as men on standardized tests of mathematics achievement. The widely-held belief in a gender gap in mathematics achievement among university women and men is not supported by this study, at least at the pre-calculus level for this sample. Further, achievement tests show promise of more equitably predicting college performance than aptitude tests for men and women.
title: Mail à Paul A. Volberding, Michael Saag, copie à Anthony Fauci et Joep Lange, transféré à Christian Perronne - Pièce jointe
Creators: name: Leibowitch, Jacques
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020

description: Pièce jointe : Jacques Leibowitch, et al., "Short cycles of antiretroviral drugs provide intermittent yet effective therapy: a pilot study in 48 patients with chronic HIV infection", extrait de The Faseb Journal, 26 janvier 2010.
description: Source: http://www.calames.abes.fr/pub/ms/Calames-20193111132358313
Pera pulchrifolia Ducke 1937
Creators: name: Leal, Eduardo Da Silva
name: Costa, Denise Pinheiro Da
name: Forzza, Rafaela Campostrini
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Malpighiales
Peraceae
Pera
Pera pulchrifolia

description: Pera pulchrifolia Ducke (1937: 36) (Euphorbiaceae).
Lectotype (designated here):—BRAZIL. Amazonas: Manaus, mata da terra firme úmida atrás do lago Pensador, 25 October 1935, A. Ducke HJBR 29036 (RB, duplicates: F, GH, K, MG, MO, NY, P, S). Syntype: A. Ducke HJBR 29037 (K, RB, S).
Here we select as lectotype A. Ducke HJBR 29036, considering that the collection A. Ducke HJBR 29037 includes more than one specimen, collected on different dates and, therefore, is not suitable for lectotypification (Art. 8.2 of the ICNB, McNeill et al. 2006).
description: Published as part of Leal, Eduardo Da Silva, Costa, Denise Pinheiro Da & Forzza, Rafaela Campostrini, 2010, Lectotypification of the taxa of Adolpho Ducke from the Brazilian Amazon, pp. 49-55 in Phytotaxa 13 on page 53, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.13.1.4, http://zenodo.org/record/4778674
The relationship of gender bias and standardized tests to the mathematics competency of university men and women
Creators: name: Sheehan, Kate Ruth
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 39
subject: Education
classificationCode: 3901
subject: Curriculum and pedagogy

description: National attention has been focused on the usefulness of standardized aptitude tests as predictors of college performance. The results of the tests suggest that there is a widening gap between men and women, particularly in mathematics. Several research studies have indicated that this gap is a result of the presence of gender bias in the tests themselves; other studies point toward societal attitudes and/or cultural expectations as the cause. The purpose of this study is to investigate that so-called gender gap in mathematics and, in particular, the mathematics competency of a group of university men and women as measured by their scores on standardized achievement tests in arithmetic, elementary algebra, and intermediate algebra. A further purpose for the study is to consider the influence of other variables in addition to gender that may be related to mathematics competency including college grade point average, Scholastic Aptitude Test score, choice of college major, and U.S. citizenship. Subjects participating in this study were university students during the years 1984-1988 who chose to take a mathematics competency exam rather than a course in mathematics as stipulated by the university as a requirement to graduate. T-tests grouped by gender, citizenship, and major were done on the results of each of three levels of mathematics skills. Multiple regressions were used to identify which of the selected variables impacted most heavily on each achievement test. The results indicate there are no significant differences between men and women in arithmetic skills and elementary algebra skills when all other variables are controlled for. When SAT scores, GPA, gender, citizenship, and major were controlled, women outscored men on the highest level intermediate algebra test. Additional findings suggest that women enter college with significantly lower SAT scores than men, earn significantly higher college GPAs than men, choose majors wherein the mean GPA does not differ significantly from the mean GPA of other majors, and do at least as well as men on standardized tests of mathematics achievement. The widely-held belief in a gender gap in mathematics achievement among university women and men is not supported by this study, at least at the pre-calculus level for this sample. Further, achievement tests show promise of more equitably predicting college performance than aptitude tests for men and women.
A magnetar engine for short GRBs and kilonovae
Creators: name: Mösta, Philipp
name: Radice, David
name: Haas, Roland
name: Schnetter, Erik
name: Bernuzzi, Sebastiano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the influence of magnetic fields on the evolution of binary neutron-star (BNS) merger remnants via three-dimensional (3D) dynamical-spacetime general-relativistic (GR) magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations. We evolve a postmerger remnant with an initial poloidal magnetic field, resolve the magnetoturbulence driven by shear flows, and include a microphysical finite-temperature equation of state (EOS). A neutrino leakage scheme that captures the overall energetics and lepton number exchange is also included. We find that turbulence induced by the magnetorotational instability (MRI) in the hypermassive neutron star (HMNS) amplifies magnetic field to beyond magnetar-strength ($10^{15}\, \mathrm{G}$). The ultra-strong toroidal field is able to launch a relativistic jet from the HMNS. We also find a magnetized wind that ejects neutron-rich material with a rate of $\dot{M}_{\mathrm{ej}} \simeq 1 \times10^{-1}\, \mathrm{M_{\odot}\, s^{-1}}$. The total ejecta mass in our simulation is $5\times 10^{-3}\, \mathrm{M_{\odot}}$. This makes the ejecta from the HMNS an important component in BNS mergers and a promising source of $r$-process elements that can power a kilonova. The jet from the HMNS reaches a terminal Lorentz factor of $\sim 5$ in our highest-resolution simulation. The formation of this jet is aided by neutrino-cooling preventing the accretion disk from protruding into the polar region. As neutrino pair-annihilation and radiative processes in the jet (which were not included in the simulations) will boost the Lorentz factor in the jet further, our simulations demonstrate that magnetars formed in BNS mergers are a viable engine for short gamma-ray bursts (sGRBs).
description: ApJL published version
Nonlocal action for long-distance modifications of gravity theory
Creators: name: Barvinsky, A. O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct the covariant nonlocal action for recently suggested long-distance modifications of gravity theory motivated by the cosmological constant and cosmological acceleration problems. This construction is based on the special nonlocal form of the Einstein-Hilbert action explicitly revealing the fact that this action within the covariant curvature expansion begins with curvature-squared terms. Nonlocal form factors in the action of both quantum and brane-induced nature are briefly discussed. In particular, it is emphasized that for certain class of quantum initial value problems nonlocal nature of the Euclidean action does not contradict the causality of effective equations of motion.
description: 13 pages, LaTeX, final version to appear in Phys. Lett. B
Messages to women and men on love and marriage: An analysis of change over time in nonfiction articles from gender-oriented magazines
Creators: name: Alexander, Susan Helene
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: This research examines messages about love and marriage being communicated to American women and men through the medium of nonfiction articles in popular magazines. Specifically it compares the messages concerning love and marriage directed to men in male-oriented magazines and those directed to women in female-oriented magazines to ascertain if the advice given to women is different from that given to men and if such messages have changed over time. To achieve these ends, a content analysis consisting of quantitative and qualitative techniques has been conducted. By combining these two techniques, a quantitative foundation was produced for a more in-depth qualitative analysis, thereby achieving both precision and insight. The sampled magazines, Ladies' Home Journal, Mademoiselle, Esquire, and Playboy, were analyzed for the period 1966-1988. It was discovered that the messages disseminated by female-oriented magazines vary little from those printed in male-oriented magazines. What diversity there is in the messages concerning love and marriage has to do more with the large quantity and the self-help nature of the messages appearing in the women's magazines in contrast to the paucity of such communications in male-oriented magazines. Both men and women are portrayed as happy in traditional gender roles. According to the magazine messages, love, marriage, and children are the primary means by which women find fulfillment, satisfaction, and happiness, while men are predominately interested in power, money, business, and sexual success. These messages have remained fairly constant during the period studied. It is concluded that the messages present a more conservative view of appropriate behavior and values than what is actually exhibited by society in general, as the data fail to acknowledge the dramatic changes which have occurred in American family patterns. This finding reiterates the premise that what is printed in popular magazines is not always reality but only an idea of what the media think is appropriate behavior.
Messages to women and men on love and marriage: An analysis of change over time in nonfiction articles from gender-oriented magazines
Creators: name: Alexander, Susan Helene
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 44
subject: Human society
classificationCode: 4405
subject: Gender studies

description: This research examines messages about love and marriage being communicated to American women and men through the medium of nonfiction articles in popular magazines. Specifically it compares the messages concerning love and marriage directed to men in male-oriented magazines and those directed to women in female-oriented magazines to ascertain if the advice given to women is different from that given to men and if such messages have changed over time. To achieve these ends, a content analysis consisting of quantitative and qualitative techniques has been conducted. By combining these two techniques, a quantitative foundation was produced for a more in-depth qualitative analysis, thereby achieving both precision and insight. The sampled magazines, Ladies' Home Journal, Mademoiselle, Esquire, and Playboy, were analyzed for the period 1966-1988. It was discovered that the messages disseminated by female-oriented magazines vary little from those printed in male-oriented magazines. What diversity there is in the messages concerning love and marriage has to do more with the large quantity and the self-help nature of the messages appearing in the women's magazines in contrast to the paucity of such communications in male-oriented magazines. Both men and women are portrayed as happy in traditional gender roles. According to the magazine messages, love, marriage, and children are the primary means by which women find fulfillment, satisfaction, and happiness, while men are predominately interested in power, money, business, and sexual success. These messages have remained fairly constant during the period studied. It is concluded that the messages present a more conservative view of appropriate behavior and values than what is actually exhibited by society in general, as the data fail to acknowledge the dramatic changes which have occurred in American family patterns. This finding reiterates the premise that what is printed in popular magazines is not always reality but only an idea of what the media think is appropriate behavior.
Chicago Area Medical Archivists Medical History Symposium (2012)
Creators: name: Chicago Area Medical Archivists
Publisher: name: DigitalHub. Galter Health Sciences Library & Learning Center
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: CAMA
subject: Program
subject: Symposium
subject: Libraries, Medical
subject: Archives
subject: History of Medicine
subject: Chicago Metropolitan Area (Ill.)

description: Program of the 10th annual CAMA Medical History Symposium held October 26, 2012 in the 16th Floor Conference Room at Lurie Childrens Hospital, Chicago, IL
description: presentation_location: Chicago, Illinois, United States
Additional file 2 of Physical therapy interventions for cervicogenic dizziness in a military-aged population: protocol for a systematic review
Creators: name: Hoppes, Carrie W.
name: Romanello, Anthony J.
name: Gaudette, Kathryn E.
name: Herron, William K.
name: McCarthy, Anne E.
name: McHale, Catherine J.
name: Bares, Joan
name: Turner, Rose
name: Whitney, Susan L.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases

description: Additional file 2:. The draft search strategy for MEDLINE to determine which interventions are most effective in decreasing dizziness or vertigo and neck pain in military-aged adults with cervicogenic dizziness
Occupational training and the employment and earnings of Peruvian male and female workers
Creators: name: Arriagada, Ana Maria
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: This dissertation is the first empirical evaluation of occupational training policies in Peru since in the 1960s. Using a human capital framework, the dissertation analyzes patterns and determinants of participation in post-school vocational training programs, and the labor market outcomes of that training by gender in urban Peru. The analysis is conducted on a sample of 6,000 individuals drawn from the Peruvian Living Standards Survey (1985-1986). In general, males and females with less than secondary schooling--which constitute over 50 percent of the urban labor force, do not receive skills from the institutional training system. Moreover, the probability of receiving job-training is largely determined by schooling, where secondary education is the minimum to enter training programs. This suggests that workers with limited schooling also face limited job-training opportunities, and that training does not substitute for the lack of formal schooling. Therefore, policies promoting job-training to enhance the opportunities of the less educated segments of the labor force are not appropriate. Investments in job-training for males show significant earnings gains only when related to wage employment in the private sector. No earnings gains were found for males in self-employment. This unexpected finding may indicate either that job-training is not valuable for the self-employed because they perform traditional jobs that do not involve skill development, or that training is a "screening device" which then affects salaried workers only. Among women, training increases their employment probabilities in all sectors, but does not increase their earnings. Several explanations are advanced. First, women's expectations of interrupted labor force participation may lead them to occupations with lower human capital requirements, and hence lower returns to training investments than those chosen by men. Second, the low quality of the training received by women--who attend mostly proprietary schools, may explain the lack of an earnings effect. Finally, wage and occupational discrimination may prevent women from entering the most successful training programs and the better jobs as well. Regardless the reason, these results imply that job-training alone is not an effective means to increase women's labor market competitiveness relative to men's in Peru.
Towards a Heavy-ion Transport Capability in the MARS15 Code
Creators: name: Mokhov, N. V.
name: Gudima, K. K.
name: Mashnik, S. G.
name: Rakhno, I. L.
name: Striganov, S. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In order to meet the challenges of new accelerator and space projects and further improve modelling of radiation effects in microscopic objects, heavy-ion interaction and transport physics have been recently incorporated into the MARS15 Monte Carlo code. A brief description of new modules is given in comparison with experimental data.
description: 5 pages, 8 figures, only pdf file, presented at the ICRS-10/RPS2004 International Conference 21st Century in Radiation Protection and Shielding, Funchal, Madeira, Portugal, May 9-14, 2004
Occupational training and the employment and earnings of Peruvian male and female workers
Creators: name: Arriagada, Ana Maria
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 38
subject: Economics

description: This dissertation is the first empirical evaluation of occupational training policies in Peru since in the 1960s. Using a human capital framework, the dissertation analyzes patterns and determinants of participation in post-school vocational training programs, and the labor market outcomes of that training by gender in urban Peru. The analysis is conducted on a sample of 6,000 individuals drawn from the Peruvian Living Standards Survey (1985-1986). In general, males and females with less than secondary schooling--which constitute over 50 percent of the urban labor force, do not receive skills from the institutional training system. Moreover, the probability of receiving job-training is largely determined by schooling, where secondary education is the minimum to enter training programs. This suggests that workers with limited schooling also face limited job-training opportunities, and that training does not substitute for the lack of formal schooling. Therefore, policies promoting job-training to enhance the opportunities of the less educated segments of the labor force are not appropriate. Investments in job-training for males show significant earnings gains only when related to wage employment in the private sector. No earnings gains were found for males in self-employment. This unexpected finding may indicate either that job-training is not valuable for the self-employed because they perform traditional jobs that do not involve skill development, or that training is a "screening device" which then affects salaried workers only. Among women, training increases their employment probabilities in all sectors, but does not increase their earnings. Several explanations are advanced. First, women's expectations of interrupted labor force participation may lead them to occupations with lower human capital requirements, and hence lower returns to training investments than those chosen by men. Second, the low quality of the training received by women--who attend mostly proprietary schools, may explain the lack of an earnings effect. Finally, wage and occupational discrimination may prevent women from entering the most successful training programs and the better jobs as well. Regardless the reason, these results imply that job-training alone is not an effective means to increase women's labor market competitiveness relative to men's in Peru.
Ruizterania albiflora
Creators: name: Leal, Eduardo Da Silva
name: Costa, Denise Pinheiro Da
name: Forzza, Rafaela Campostrini
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Myrtales
Vochysiaceae
Ruizterania
Ruizterania albiflora

description: Qualea glaberrima Ducke (1915: 46)
 [= Ruizterania albiflora (Warm. 1875: 36 ) Marcano-Berti (1969: 9) (Vochysiaceae)].
 Lectotype (designated here ): —BRAZIL. Pará: Belém, 29 September 1914 , A. Ducke 15491 (MG, duplicates : RB 2 sheets, US). Syntype: A. Ducke 15550 (MG).
description: Published as part of Leal, Eduardo Da Silva, Costa, Denise Pinheiro Da & Forzza, Rafaela Campostrini, 2010, Lectotypification of the taxa of Adolpho Ducke from the Brazilian Amazon, pp. 49-55 in Phytotaxa 13 on page 53, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.13.1.4, http://zenodo.org/record/4778674
Searching for Star Formation Beyond Reionization
Creators: name: Barton, Elizabeth J.
name: Dav'e, Romeel
name: Smith, John-David T.
name: Papovich, Casey
name: Hernquist, Lars
name: Springel, Volker
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The goal of searching back in cosmic time to find star formation during the epoch of reionization will soon be within reach. We assess the detectability of high-redshift galaxies by combining cosmological hydrodynamic simulations of galaxy formation, stellar evolution models appropriate for the first generations of stars, and estimates of the efficiency for Lyman alpha to escape from forming galaxies into the intergalactic medium. Our simulated observations show that Lyman alpha emission at z ~ 8 may be observable in the near-infrared with 8-meter class telescopes and present-day technology. Not only is the detection of early star-forming objects vital to understanding the underlying cause of the reionization of the universe, but the timely discovery of a z > 7 star-forming population -- or even an interesting upper limit on the emergent flux from these objects -- will have implications for the design of the next generation of ground- and space-based facilities.
description: 4 pages, submitted to ApJ Letters
Spectropolarimetric analysis of FRB 181112 at microsecond resolution: Implications for Fast Radio Burst emission mechanism
Creators: name: Cho, Hyerin
name: Macquart, Jean-Pierre
name: Shannon, Ryan M.
name: Deller, Adam T.
name: Morrison, Ian S.
name: Ekers, Ron D.
name: Bannister, Keith W.
name: Farah, Wael
name: Qiu, Hao
name: Sammons, Mawson W.
name: Bailes, Matthew
name: Bhandari, Shivani
name: Day, Cherie K.
name: James, Clancy W.
name: Phillips, Chris J.
name: Prochaska, J. Xavier
name: Tuthill, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have developed a new coherent dedispersion mode to study the emission of Fast Radio Bursts that trigger the voltage capture capability of the Australian SKA Pathfinder (ASKAP) interferometer. In principle the mode can probe emission timescales down to 3 ns with full polarimetric information preserved. Enabled by the new capability, here we present a spectropolarimetric analysis of FRB 181112 detected by ASKAP, localized to a galaxy at redshift 0.47. At microsecond time resolution the burst is resolved into four narrow pulses with a rise time of just $15 μ$s for the brightest. The pulses have a diversity of morphology, but do not show evidence for temporal broadening by turbulent plasma along the line of sight, nor is there any evidence for periodicity in their arrival times. The pulses are highly polarized (up to 95%), with the polarization position angle varying both between and within pulses. The pulses have apparent rotation measures that vary by $15\pm 2\, {\rm rad \,m^{-2}}$ and apparent dispersion measures that vary by $0.041\pm 0.004\,{\rm pc\,cm^{-3}}$. Conversion between linear and circular polarization is observed across the brightest pulse. We conclude that the FRB 181112 pulses are most consistent with being a direct manifestation of the emission process or the result of propagation through a relativistic plasma close to the source. This demonstrates that our method, which facilitates high-time-resolution polarimetric observations of FRBs, can be used to study not only burst emission processes, but also a diversity of propagation effects present on the gigaparsec paths they traverse.
description: Accepted to ApJ Letters; 13 pages, 5 figures
An assessment of the need for and use of selected graduate student services at The American University
Creators: name: Baker, Harold Kent
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 39
subject: Education
classificationCode: 3904
subject: Specialist studies in education

description: The primary purpose of this study was to assess the need for and use of selected university-provided student services by a sample of graduate students at The American University; and to determine the extent to which the reported need for and use of these services was independent of gender, age, citizenship, and enrollment status. The study hypothesized that the need for and use of 23 university provided services by a sample of graduate students was independent of their gender (male and female), age (under 33 and 33 or over), citizenship (U.S. citizen and non-U.S. citizen) and enrollment status (part-time and full-time). Chi-square tests were used to test the research hypotheses. The study sample consisted of 604 graduate students at The American University during the spring semester of 1989. Data were gathered in-class using two pre-tested survey instruments. The Graduate Student Services Inventory consisted of 23 university-provided graduate services and the Personal Data Sheet contained 12 socio-demographic variables. The results showed that graduate students had a hierarchy of needs for services. The respondents expressed more need for services that helped them meet their academic, educational, financial, and career-related concerns than their personal and social concerns. The most needed and used services were academic advising, library services, and computer services. The results of the chi-square tests showed many significant differences in the need for and use of services based on gender, age, citizenship, and enrollment status. In general, females, younger graduate students, non-U.S. citizens, and those enrolled full-time expressed the highest level of need for and use of services. The major conclusion was that gender, age, citizenship, and enrollment status affected the needs of graduate students for selected services. Thus, survey data may be more valuable when used to identify subpopulations with special needs than when used to provide a needs profile for the general student population.
BRST Quantization of String Theory in AdS(3)
Creators: name: Pakman, Ari
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the BRST quantization of bosonic and NSR strings propagating in AdS(3) x N backgrounds. The no-ghost theorem is proved using the Frenkel-Garland-Zuckerman method. Regular and spectrally-flowed representations of affine SL(2,R) appear on an equal footing. Possible generalizations to related curved backgrounds are discussed.
description: JHEP style, 23 pages; v2:minor changes and references added; v3: typos corrected, version to appear in JHEP; v4: one reference added
A Liouville equation for systems which exchange particles with reservoirs: transport through a nano-device
Creators: name: Ovchinnikov, Igor V.
name: Neuhauser, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A Redfield-like Liouville equation for an open system that couples to one or more leads and exchanges particles with them is derived. The equation is presented for a general case. A case study of time-dependent transport through a single quantum level for varying electrostatic and chemical potentials in the leads is presented. For the case of varying electrostatic potentials the proposed equation yields, for the model study, the results of an exact solution.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures
An assessment of the need for and use of selected graduate student services at The American University
Creators: name: Baker, Harold Kent
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: The primary purpose of this study was to assess the need for and use of selected university-provided student services by a sample of graduate students at The American University; and to determine the extent to which the reported need for and use of these services was independent of gender, age, citizenship, and enrollment status. The study hypothesized that the need for and use of 23 university provided services by a sample of graduate students was independent of their gender (male and female), age (under 33 and 33 or over), citizenship (U.S. citizen and non-U.S. citizen) and enrollment status (part-time and full-time). Chi-square tests were used to test the research hypotheses. The study sample consisted of 604 graduate students at The American University during the spring semester of 1989. Data were gathered in-class using two pre-tested survey instruments. The Graduate Student Services Inventory consisted of 23 university-provided graduate services and the Personal Data Sheet contained 12 socio-demographic variables. The results showed that graduate students had a hierarchy of needs for services. The respondents expressed more need for services that helped them meet their academic, educational, financial, and career-related concerns than their personal and social concerns. The most needed and used services were academic advising, library services, and computer services. The results of the chi-square tests showed many significant differences in the need for and use of services based on gender, age, citizenship, and enrollment status. In general, females, younger graduate students, non-U.S. citizens, and those enrolled full-time expressed the highest level of need for and use of services. The major conclusion was that gender, age, citizenship, and enrollment status affected the needs of graduate students for selected services. Thus, survey data may be more valuable when used to identify subpopulations with special needs than when used to provide a needs profile for the general student population.
Schefflera decaphylla Harms 1894
Creators: name: Leal, Eduardo Da Silva
name: Costa, Denise Pinheiro Da
name: Forzza, Rafaela Campostrini
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Apiales
Araliaceae
Schefflera
Schefflera decaphylla

description: Schefflera paraensis Huber ex Ducke (1922: 228)
[= Schefflera decaphylla Harms (1894: 37) (Araliaceae)].
 Lectotype (designated here ): —BRAZIL. Pará: Belém, 24 March 1915, J. Huber 15743 (RB 2 sheets, dupliactes: MG). Syntype: without collector MG 10175 (MG, RB).
description: Published as part of Leal, Eduardo Da Silva, Costa, Denise Pinheiro Da & Forzza, Rafaela Campostrini, 2010, Lectotypification of the taxa of Adolpho Ducke from the Brazilian Amazon, pp. 49-55 in Phytotaxa 13 on page 53, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.13.1.4, http://zenodo.org/record/4778674
Nonmonotonic inelastic tunneling spectra due to surface spin excitations in ferromagnetic junctions
Creators: name: Tkachov, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The paper addresses inelastic spin-flip tunneling accompanied by surface spin excitations (magnons) in ferromagnetic junctions. The inelastic tunneling current is proportional to the magnon density of states which is energy-independent for the surface waves and, for this reason, cannot account for the bias-voltage dependence of the observed inelastic tunneling spectra. This paper shows that the bias-voltage dependence of the tunneling spectra can arise from the tunneling matrix elements of the electron-magnon interaction. These matrix elements are derived from the Coulomb exchange interaction using the itinerant-electron model of magnon-assisted tunneling. The results for the inelastic tunneling spectra, based on the nonequilibrium Green's function calculations, are presented for both parallel and antiparallel magnetizations in the ferromagnetic leads.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures, version as published
Vulnerability factors in depression: A test of the diathesis-stress model in children
Creators: name: Dixon, J. Faye
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: The present study tested the hopelessness theory's diathesis-stress model of depression for children by utilizing a pre/posttest design. The hopelessness model predicts that a negative attributional style combined with failure to achieve a highly valued outcome will lead to hopelessness and eventual depression. The current study assessed the effects of attributional style, daily negative events, and long term negative life events on depression. Eighty-four children between the ages of 9 and 12 participated in this study. Depression was assessed before and after exposure to stressful life events. The data analysis consisted of stepwise hierarchical multiple regression procedures. The results revealed that while negative attributional style alone did not predict change in depression following stressful events the interaction of attributional style with stress did predict later depression.
Stability and energetics of 2D surface crystals in liquid AuSi thin films and nanoscale droplets
Creators: name: Wang, Hailong
name: Shahabi, Alireza
name: Karma, Alain
name: Upmanyu, Moneesh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Segregation at surfaces of metal-covalent binary liquids is often non-classical and in extreme cases such as AuSi, the surface crystallizes above the melting point. In this study, we employ atomic-scale computational frameworks to study the surface crystallization of AuSi films and droplets as a function of composition, temperature and size. For temperatures in the range $T_s^\ast=765-780$K above the melting point $(T_s^\ast\approx1.3\,T_m)$, both thin film and droplet surfaces undergo a first order transition, from a 2D Au$_2$Si crystalline phase to a laterally disordered yet stratified layer. The thin film surfaces exhibit an effective surface tension that increases with temperature and decreases with Si concentration. On the other hand, for droplets in the size range $10-30$ nm, the bulk Laplace pressure alters the surface segregation as it occurs with respect to a strained bulk. Above $T_s^\ast$ the size effect on the surface tension is small, while for $T
description: 18 pages, 14 figures
Symmetry-independent stability analysis of synchronization patterns
Creators: name: Zhang, Yuanzhao
name: Motter, Adilson E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The field of network synchronization has seen tremendous growth following the introduction of the master stability function (MSF) formalism, which enables the efficient stability analysis of synchronization in large oscillator networks. However, to make further progress we must overcome the limitations of this celebrated formalism, which focuses on global synchronization and requires both the oscillators and their interaction functions to be identical, while many systems of interest are inherently heterogeneous and exhibit complex synchronization patterns. Here, we establish a generalization of the MSF formalism that can characterize the stability of any cluster synchronization pattern, even when the oscillators and/or their interaction functions are nonidentical. The new framework is based on finding the finest simultaneous block diagonalization of matrices in the variational equation and does not rely on information about network symmetry. This leads to an algorithm that is error-tolerant and orders of magnitude faster than existing symmetry-based algorithms. As an application, we rigorously characterize the stability of chimera states in networks with multiple types of interactions.
description: published version
Tunable "Doniach Phase Diagram" for strongly-correlated nanoclusters
Creators: name: Luo, Y.
name: Verdozzi, C.
name: Kioussis, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Exact diagonalization calculations reveal that the energy spacing $Δ$ in the conduction band tunes the interplay between the {\it local} Kondo and {\it non local} RKKY interactions, giving rise to a "Doniach phase diagram" for a nanocluster with regions of prevailing Kondo or RKKY correlations. The parity of the total number of electrons alters the competition between the Kondo and RKKY correlations. This interplay may be relevant to experimental realizations of small rings or quantum dots with tunable magnetic properties. Below a critical value V$_c$ of the hybridization the susceptibility exhibits a low-T exponential activation behavior determined by the interplay of the spin gap and $Δ$.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures
Additional file 1 of Physical therapy interventions for cervicogenic dizziness in a military-aged population: protocol for a systematic review
Creators: name: Hoppes, Carrie W.
name: Romanello, Anthony J.
name: Gaudette, Kathryn E.
name: Herron, William K.
name: McCarthy, Anne E.
name: McHale, Catherine J.
name: Bares, Joan
name: Turner, Rose
name: Whitney, Susan L.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases

description: Additional file 1:. PRISMA-P 2015 Checklist
Sitasi dan Daftar Pustaka sebagai Bentuk Pelengkapan Akreditasi
Creators: name: Azmi, Muhammad
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: reference manager
penulisan kutipan
akreditasi jurnal
penulisan daftar pustaka

description: Materi tentang pentingnya sitasi dan daftar pustaka menggunakan aplikasi reference manager sebagai bentuk perlengkapan akreditasi
Vulnerability factors in depression: A test of the diathesis-stress model in children
Creators: name: Dixon, J. Faye
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 52
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
classificationCode: 5203
subject: Clinical and health psychology

description: The present study tested the hopelessness theory's diathesis-stress model of depression for children by utilizing a pre/posttest design. The hopelessness model predicts that a negative attributional style combined with failure to achieve a highly valued outcome will lead to hopelessness and eventual depression. The current study assessed the effects of attributional style, daily negative events, and long term negative life events on depression. Eighty-four children between the ages of 9 and 12 participated in this study. Depression was assessed before and after exposure to stressful life events. The data analysis consisted of stepwise hierarchical multiple regression procedures. The results revealed that while negative attributional style alone did not predict change in depression following stressful events the interaction of attributional style with stress did predict later depression.
Sloanea porphyrocarpa Ducke 1935
Creators: name: Leal, Eduardo Da Silva
name: Costa, Denise Pinheiro Da
name: Forzza, Rafaela Campostrini
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Oxalidales
Elaeocarpaceae
Sloanea
Sloanea porphyrocarpa

description: Sloanea porphyrocarpa Ducke (1935: 167) (Elaeocarpaceae).
 Lectotype (designated here): —BRAZIL. Pará:
 Obidos , Igarapé do Mamauru, 10 March 1915, A. Ducke HAMP 15719 (RB 2 sheets, duplicates: K , MG). Syntypes: A. Ducke HAMP 8102 ( MG, RB), A. Ducke HAMP 11238 ( MG, RB) and J. Huber HAMP 4310 (MG, RB).
description: Published as part of Leal, Eduardo Da Silva, Costa, Denise Pinheiro Da & Forzza, Rafaela Campostrini, 2010, Lectotypification of the taxa of Adolpho Ducke from the Brazilian Amazon, pp. 49-55 in Phytotaxa 13 on page 53, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.13.1.4, http://zenodo.org/record/4778674
Zero-Shot Cross-Domain Code Search without Fine-Tuning
Creators: name: Liang, Keyu
name: Liu, Zhongxin
name: Liu, Chao
name: Wan, Zhiyuan
name: Lo, David
name: Yang, Xiaohu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Code search aims to retrieve semantically relevant code snippets for natural language queries. While pre-trained language models (PLMs) have shown remarkable performance in this task, they struggle in cross-domain scenarios, often requiring costly fine-tuning or facing performance drops in zero-shot settings. RAPID, which generates synthetic data for model fine-tuning, is currently the only effective method for zero-shot cross-domain code search. Despite its effectiveness, RAPID demands substantial computational resources for fine-tuning and needs to maintain specialized models for each domain, underscoring the need for a zero-shot, fine-tuning-free approach for cross-domain code search.
 The key to tackling zero-shot cross-domain code search lies in bridging the gaps among domains. In this work, we propose to break the query-code matching process of code search into two simpler tasks: query-comment matching and code-code matching. Our empirical study reveals the strong complementarity among the three matching schemas in zero-shot cross-domain settings, i.e., query-code, query-comment, and code-code matching. Based on the findings, we propose CodeBridge, a zero-shot, fine-tuning-free approach for cross-domain code search. Specifically, CodeBridge uses Large Language Models (LLMs) to generate comments and pseudo-code, then combines query-code, query-comment, and code-code matching via PLM-based similarity scoring and sampling-based fusion. Experimental results show that our approach outperforms the state-of-the-art PLM-based code search approaches, i.e., CoCoSoDa and UniXcoder, by an average of 21.4% and 24.9% in MRR, respectively, across three datasets. Our approach also yields results that are better than or comparable to those of the zero-shot cross-domain code search approach RAPID, which requires costly fine-tuning.
The application of communications satellite in developing countries: The case of Indonesia
Creators: name: Ibrahim, Marwah Daud
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: The general goal of this dissertation is to shed some light on the involvement of developing countries in communications satellite activities. The specific aims are: (1) to investigate predominant factors that have made Indonesia the first developing country to acquire its own domestic communications satellite, PALAPA; (2) to discuss the decision making and implementations processes of both international and domestic communications satellite systems in Indonesia: and (3) to analyze the applications and the implications of this sophisticated technology in Indonesia. To put the analysis in its proper perspective, a review of the historical development, present global status, and the basic technological principles of the communications satellite is provided. And using contextual analysis, the political, economic, technological, and socio-cultural factors that appear to have influenced the implementation and applications of the technology are discussed. The study is founded on the base of a large and varied collection of resources, including reports, newspaper and magazine articles, Indonesian parliamentary hearings, personal interviews, archives materials, governmental and non-governmental documents and data which mostly heretofore had not been used in scholarly research. The study shows that the degree of involvement of developing countries in communications satellite activities is determined by three conditions: the availability and accessibility of the technology, the suitability of the technology with the country's particular needs and conditions, and the existence of supportive external and internal factors and actors. While the external economic factors and actors were found to be dominant in the applications of the communications satellite for international communications in Indonesia, the internal political factors and actors were found to be more determinant in its domestic communications. The research finds that the satellite PALAPA was established and has been used predominantly for national integration, revenue-earning point-to-point telecommunications, national television, and the armed forces network in Indonesia. The challenge now is to increase the utilization of this technology for community development--e.g., education, health, agricultural extension--to benefit the underprivileged segments of the society.