cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Quantum Database Architecture for the Quantum Data Scientist: A Theoretical Treatise on Lindblad Operators, EIT in Multi-Level Atomic Ensembles, and High-Fidelity Data Encoding
Creators: name: Raigada García, Ricard Santiago
Publisher: name: Universitat Oberta de Catalunya (UOC)
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Atomic structure
subject: Quantum Theory
subject: Simulation models
subject: Quantum database
subject: Quantum algorithm
subject: Quantum Memory Architecture
subject: Theoretical physics

description: Quantum memories are indispensable for driving secure quantum communication networks, as well as for solving challenges in large-scale data storage and processing. This thesis is based on quantum mechanics and quantum optics—particularly on Electromagnetically Induced Transparency (EIT) and the DLCZ protocol—, and addresses critical issues of Big Data management, ethical information handling, and data security in data science. However, providing high-fidelity storage, mitigating noisy channels, and designing efficient quantum algorithms for secure and ethical data handling remains an open challenge. This thesis presents an architecture for quantum databases that combines the physics of multi-level atomic ensembles with state-of-the-art quantum algorithms. The objective is to attain secure and ethical Big Data handling by means of quantum memory systems. A review is carried out through Lindblad operators and light-matter interactions, establishing a quantum database architecture capable of responding to the requirements of data science. Both in the Lambda scheme within an EIT-based quantum memory and the DLCZ protocol, the system achieves high-fidelity photon-atom coherence and secure storage. At the algorithmic level, the proposal leverages Hilbert subspaces as logical partitions  —similar to sharding in classical databases—, enabling scalable data encoding and manipulation through unitary operations. These operations allow for the efficient and parallel retrieval of information, while maintaining coherence in noisy environments. The simulation results confirm the theoretical framework described and demonstrate the system's ability to establish an ethical treatment of Big Data while strengthening information security. This thesis thus novelly proposes the integration of quantum systems in data science, addressing privacy, ethics, and security issues at scale, offering a framework with practical applications of secure data governance.
Squark Production and Decay matched with Parton Showers at NLO
Creators: name: Gavin, Ryan
name: Hangst, Christian
name: Krämer, Michael
name: Mühlleitner, Margarete
name: Pellen, Mathieu
name: Popenda, Eva
name: Spira, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Extending previous work on the predictions for the production of supersymmetric (SUSY) particles at the LHC, we present the fully differential calculation of the next-to-leading order (NLO) SUSY-QCD corrections to the production of squark and squark-antisquark pairs of the first two generations. The NLO cross sections are combined with the subsequent decay of the final state (anti)squarks into the lightest neutralino and (anti)quark at NLO SUSY-QCD. No assumptions on the squark masses are made, and the various subchannels are taken into account independently. In order to obtain realistic predictions for differential distributions the fixed-order calculations have to be combined with parton showers. Making use of the Powheg method we have implemented our results in the Powheg-Box framework and interfaced the NLO calculation with the parton shower Monte Carlo programs Pythia6 and Herwig++. The code is publicly available and can be downloaded from the Powheg-Box webpage. The impact of the NLO corrections on the differential distributions is studied and parton shower effects are investigated for different benchmark scenarios.
description: 36 pages, 10 figures
Simulation of Black Hole Collisions in Asymptotically AdS Spacetimes
Creators: name: Bantilan, Hans
name: Romatschke, Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results from the evolution of spacetimes that describe the merger of asymptotically global AdS black holes in 5D with an SO(3) symmetry. Prompt scalar field collapse provides us with a mechanism for producing distinct trapped regions on the initial slice, associated with black holes initially at rest. We evolve these black holes towards a merger, and follow the subsequent ring-down. The boundary stress tensor of the dual CFT is conformally related to a stress tensor in Minkowski space which inherits an axial symmetry from the bulk SO(3). We compare this boundary stress tensor to its hydrodynamic counterpart with viscous corrections of up to second order, and compare the conformally related stress tensor to ideal hydrodynamic simulations in Minkowski space, initialized at various time slices of the boundary data. Our findings reveal far-from-hydrodynamic behavior at early times, with a transition to ideal hydrodynamics at late times.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Testing quark mixing in minimal left-right symmetric models with $b$-tags at the LHC
Creators: name: Fowlie, Andrew
name: Marzola, Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by a hint in a CMS search for right-handed $W$-bosons in $eejj$ final states, we propose an experimental test of quark-mixing matrices in a general left-right symmetric model, based on counting the numbers of $b$-tags from right-handed $W$-boson hadronic decays. We find that, with our test, differences between left- and right-handed quark-mixing matrices could be detected at the LHC with $\sqrt{s}=14$ TeV. With an integrated luminosity of about $20/\textrm{fb}$, our test is sensitive to right-handed quark-mixing angles as small as about $30^\circ$ and with $3000/\textrm{fb}$, our test's sensitivity improves to right-handed mixing angles as small as about $7.5^\circ$. Our test's sensitivity might be further enhanced by tuning $b$-tagging efficiency against purity.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures. Matches version published in Nucl.Phys. B. Expanded descriptions of figures but conclusions unchanged
Data from: Species-specific ecological traits, phylogeny, and geography underpin vulnerability to population declines for North American birds
Creators: name: Stevens, Henry
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: ecological traits
North America
Bayesian modeling
Bird Conservation Region
breeding bird survey
migration distance

description: Species declines and extinctions characterize the Anthropocene. Determining species vulnerability to decline, and where and how to mitigate threats, are paramount for effective conservation. We hypothesized that species with shared ecological traits also share threats, and therefore may experience similar population trends. Here, we used a Bayesian modeling framework to test whether phylogeny, geography, and 22 ecological traits predict regional population trends for 380 North American bird species. Groups like blackbirds, warblers, and shorebirds, as well as species occupying Bird Conservation Regions at more extreme latitudes in North America, exhibited negative population trends, while groups such as ducks, raptors, and waders, as well as species occupying more inland Bird Conservation Regions, exhibited positive trends. Specifically, we found that in addition to phylogeny and breeding geography, multiple ecological traits contributed to explaining variation in regional population trends for North American birds. Furthermore, we found that regional trends and the relative effects of migration distance, phylogeny, and geography differ between shorebirds, songbirds, and waterbirds. Our work provides evidence that multiple ecological traits correlate with North American bird population trends, but that the individual effects of these ecological traits in predicting population trends often vary between different groups of birds. Moreover, our results reinforce the notion that variation in avian population trends is controlled by more than phylogeny and geography, where closely-related species within one region can show unique population trends due to differences in their ecological traits. We recommend that regional conservation plans, i.e. one-size-fits-all plans, be implemented only for bird groups with population trends under strong phylogenetic or geographic controls. We underscore the need to develop species-specific research and management strategies for other groups, like songbirds, that exhibit high variation in their population trends and are influenced by multiple ecological traits.
description: Applications that are needed: R and RStudio.Funding provided by: National Science Foundation
Crossref Funder Registry ID: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000001
Award Number:
description: For more detail refer the associated manuscript.
Magnetic Carrollian gravity from the Carroll algebra
Creators: name: Campoleoni, Andrea
name: Henneaux, Marc
name: Pekar, Simon
name: Pérez, Alfredo
name: Salgado-Rebolledo, Patricio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explicitly establish the equivalence between the magnetic Carrollian limit of Einstein gravity defined through the Hamiltonian formalism and the Carrollian theory of gravity defined through a gauging of the Carroll algebra along the lines of standard Poincaré (or (A)dS) gaugings.
description: 24 pages
Massive Early-Type Galaxies in the HSC-SSP: Flux Fraction of Tidal Features and Merger Rates
Creators: name: Huang, Qifeng
name: Fan, Lulu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Here we present a statistical study on tidal features around massive early-type galaxies (ETGs). Utilizing the imaging data of the Hyper Suprime-Cam Subaru Strategic Program (HSC-SSP), we measure the flux fraction of tidal features ($f_{\rm tidal}$) in 2649 ETGs with stellar mass $M_*>10^{11}M_{\odot}$ and redshift $0.051\%$, among which the number of ETGs decreases exponentially with $f_{\rm tidal}$, with a logarithmic slope of $\sim100$. Within the stellar mass range we probe, we note that $f_{\rm tidal}$ increases by a factor of 2 from $M_*\approx10^{11}M_{\odot}$ to $M_*\approx10^{12}M_{\odot}$. We also perform pair-count to estimate the merger rate of these massive ETGs. Combining the merger rates with $f_{\rm tidal}$, we estimate that the typical lifetime of tidal features is $\sim$ 3 Gyr, consistent with previous studies.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJS, 38 pages, 11 figures
The quasar luminosity function at $z\sim5$ via deep learning and Bayesian information criterion
Creators: name: Shin, Suhyun
name: Im, Myungshin
name: Kim, Yongjung
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Understanding the faint end of quasar luminosity function at a high redshift is important since the number density of faint quasars is a critical element in constraining ultraviolet (UV) photon budgets for ionizing the intergalactic medium (IGM) in the early universe. Here, we present quasar LF reaching $M_{1450} \sim -22.0$ AB mag at $z\sim5$, about one magnitude deeper than previous UV LFs. We select quasars at $z\sim5$ with a deep learning technique from deep data taken by the Hyper Suprime-Cam Subaru Strategic Program (HSC-SSP), covering a 15.5 deg$^2$ area. Beyond the traditional color selection method, we improved the quasar selection by training an artificial neural network for distinguishing $z\sim5$ quasars from non-quasar sources based on their colors and adopting the Bayesian information criterion that can further remove high-redshift galaxies from the quasar sample. When applied to a small sample of spectroscopically identified quasars and galaxies, our method is successful in selecting quasars at $\sim83 \%$ efficiency ($5/6$) while minimizing the contamination rate of high-redshift galaxies ($1/8$) by up to three times compared to the selection using color selection alone ($3/8$). The number of our final quasar candidates with $M_{1450} < -22.0$ mag is 35. Our quasar UV LF down to $M_{1450} = -22$ mag or even fainter ($M_{1450} = -21$ mag) suggests a rather low number density of faint quasars and the faint-end slope of $-1.6^{+0.21}_{-0.19}$, favoring a scenario where quasars play a minor role in ionizing the IGM at high redshift.
description: 19 pages, 8 figures, Accepted for publication in ApJ
Fe I Oscillator Strengths for Transitions from High-lying Even-Parity Levels
Creators: name: Hartog, E. A. Den
name: Ruffoni, M. P.
name: Lawler, J. E.
name: Pickering, J. C.
name: Lind, K.
name: Brewer, N. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: New radiative lifetimes, measured to $\pm$ 5 % accuracy, are reported for 31 even-parity levels of Fe I ranging from 45061 cm$^{-1}$ to 56842 cm$^{-1}$. These lifetimes have been measured using single-step and two-step time-resolved laser-induced fluorescence on a slow atomic beam of iron atoms. Branching fractions have been attempted for all of these levels, and completed for 20 levels. This set of levels represents an extension of the collaborative work reported in Ruffoni et al. (2014). The radiative lifetimes combined with the branching fractions yields new oscillator strengths for 203 lines of Fe I. Utilizing a 1D-LTE model of the solar photosphere, spectral syntheses for a subset of these lines which are unblended in the solar spectrum yields a mean iron abundance of = 7.45 $\pm$ 0.06.
description: 18 pages, 4 tables, 4 figures. Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series
Applications of Machine Learning to Predicting Core-collapse Supernova Explosion Outcomes
Creators: name: Tsang, Benny T. -H.
name: Vartanyan, David
name: Burrows, Adam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Most existing criteria derived from progenitor properties of core-collapse supernovae are not very accurate in predicting explosion outcomes. We present a novel look at identifying the explosion outcome of core-collapse supernovae using a machine learning approach. Informed by a sample of 100 2D axisymmetric supernova simulations evolved with Fornax, we train and evaluate a random forest classifier as an explosion predictor. Furthermore, we examine physics-based feature sets including the compactness parameter, the Ertl condition, and a newly developed set that characterizes the silicon/oxygen interface. With over 1500 supernovae progenitors from 9$-$27 M$_{\odot}$, we additionally train an auto-encoder to extract physics-agnostic features directly from the progenitor density profiles. We find that the density profiles alone contain meaningful information regarding their explodability. Both the silicon/oxygen and auto-encoder features predict explosion outcome with $\approx$90\% accuracy. In anticipation of much larger multi-dimensional simulation sets, we identify future directions in which machine learning applications will be useful beyond explosion outcome prediction.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures, 2 tables, submitted to ApJL
Unveiling the contribution of Pop III stars in primeval galaxies at redshift $\geq 6$
Creators: name: Riaz, Shafqat
name: Hartwig, Tilman
name: Latif, Muhammad A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Detection of the first stars has remained elusive so-far but their presence may soon be unveiled by upcoming JWST observations. Previous studies have not investigated the entire possible range of halo masses and redshifts which may help in their detection. Motivated by the prospects of detecting galaxies up to $z\sim 20$ in JWST early data release, we quantify the contribution of Pop III stars to high-redshift galaxies from $6 \leq z \leq 30$ by employing the semi-analytical model A-SLOTH, which self-consistently models the formation of Pop III and Pop II stars along with their feedback. Our results suggest that the contribution of Pop III stars is the highest in low-mass halos of $\rm 10^7-10^9~M_{\odot}$. While high-mass halos $\rm \geq 10^{10}~M_{\odot}$ contain less than 1\% Pop III stars, they host galaxies with stellar masses of $\rm 10^9~M_{\odot}$ as early as $z \sim 30$. Interestingly, the apparent magnitude of Pop~III populations gets brighter towards higher redshift due to the higher stellar masses, but Pop~III-dominated galaxies are too faint to be directly detected with JWST. Our results predict JWST can detect galaxies up to $z\sim 30$, which may help in constraining the IMF of Pop III stars and will guide observers to discern the contribution of Pop~III stars to high-redshift galaxies.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJL, comments are still welcome
Detection of a Light Echo from the Otherwise Normal SN 2007af
Creators: name: Drozdov, D.
name: Leising, M. D.
name: Milne, P. A.
name: Pearcy, J.
name: Riess, A. G.
name: Macri, L. M.
name: Bryngelson, G. L.
name: Garnavich, P. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the discovery of a light echo from SN 2007af, a normal Type Ia supernova (SN Ia) in NGC 5584. Hubble Space Telescope (HST) images taken three years post explosion reveal two separate echoes; an outer echo and extended central region, which we propose as an unresolved inner echo. Multiple images were obtained in the F160W, F350LP, F555W, and F814W using the Wide Field Camera 3. If the outer echo is produced by an interstellar dust sheet perpendicular to the line of sight, it is located ~800 pc in front of the SN. The dust for the inner echo is 0.45 pc < d < 90 pc away from the SN. The inner echo color is consistent with typical interstellar dust wavelength-dependent scattering cross-sections, while the outer echo color does not match the predictions. Both dust sheets, if in the foreground, are optically thin for scattering, with the outer echo sheet thickness consistent with the inferred extinction from peak brightness. Whether the inner echo is from interstellar or circumstellar dust is ambiguous. Overall, the echo characteristics are quite similar to previously observed SN Ia echoes.
description: 15 pages, 6 figures, 7 tables
Analysis of a microcirculatory windkessel model using photoplethysmography with green light: A pilot study
Creators: name: Tanaka, Akio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: In this study, a vasomotion quantification method using a photoplethysmography prototype, which performs near-infrared spectroscopy in combination with green light, is proposed. A structure that suppresses the motion artifact and that is held by the eyeglasses on the back of the ear enables the relative concentration changes of total hemoglobin and pulse wave amplitude to be measured during exercise with and without the presence of wind impacting the face. We established a microcirculatory windkessel model including arteriovenous anastomoses estimated from the blood flow changes in the depth direction that were acquired using three wavelengths of light and reproduced the vasomotion on a computer. The values predicted by the model were in good agreement with the measured values. The extracted vasomotion can be used to understand autonomic control by the central nervous system.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures, 1 table
ALMA and Herschel Observations of the Prototype Dusty and Polluted White Dwarf G29-38
Creators: name: Farihi, J.
name: Wyatt, M. C.
name: Greaves, J. S.
name: Bonsor, A.
name: Sibthorpe, B.
name: Panić, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: ALMA Cycle 0 and Herschel PACS observations are reported for the prototype, nearest, and brightest example of a dusty and polluted white dwarf, G29-38. These long wavelength programs attempted to detect an outlying, parent population of bodies at 1-100 AU, from which originates the disrupted planetesimal debris that is observed within 0.01 AU and which exhibits L_IR/L = 0.039. No associated emission sources were detected in any of the data down to L_IR/L ~ 1e-4, generally ruling out cold dust masses greater than 1e24 - 1e25 g for reasonable grain sizes and properties in orbital regions corresponding to evolved versions of both asteroid and Kuiper belt analogs. Overall, these null detections are consistent with models of long-term collisional evolution in planetesimal disks, and the source regions for the disrupted parent bodies at stars like G29-38 may only be salient in exceptional circumstances, such as a recent instability. A larger sample of polluted white dwarfs, targeted with the full ALMA array, has the potential to unambiguously identify the parent source(s) of their planetary debris.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures and 1 table. Accepted to MNRAS
When Radiologists Perform Best: The Learning Curve in Screening Mammogram Interpretation
Creators: name: Kerlikowske, Karla
name: Carney, Patricia A.
name: Miglioretti, Diana L.
name: Gard, Charlotte C.
name: Buist, Diana S. M.
name: Geller, Berta M.
name: Onega, Tracy L.
name: Rosenberg, Robert D.
name: Sickles, Edward A.
name: Elmore, Joann G.
name: Yankaskas, Bonnie C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: To examine changes in screening mammogram interpretation as radiologists with and radiologists without fellowship training in breast imaging gain clinical experience.
Reasons Women at Elevated Risk of Breast Cancer Refuse Breast MR Imaging Screening: ACRIN 6666
Creators: name: Jong, Roberta A.
name: Mahoney, Mary C.
name: Pisano, Etta D.
name: Barr, Richard G.
name: Gabrielli, Glenna J.
name: Adams, Amanda M.
name: Hovanessian Larsen, Linda
name: Evans, W. Phil
name: Lehrer, Daniel E.
name: Mendelson, Ellen B.
name: Blume, Jeffrey D.
name: Berg, Wendie A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: To determine reasons for nonparticipation in a trial of supplemental screening with magnetic resonance (MR) imaging after mammography and ultrasonography (US).
Remodeling of Carotid Arteries Detected with MR Imaging: Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Carotid MRI Study
Creators: name: Sharrett, A. Richey
name: Astor, Brad C.
name: Coresh, Josef
name: Chambless, Lloyd E.
name: Wasserman, Bruce A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: To determine the extent of thickening of the carotid arterial walls that may be accommodated by outward remodeling.
Evaluation of a loop-mediated amplification test for rapid diagnosis of tuberculosis in Ghana
Creators: name: Otchere, Isaac D
name: Afum, Theophilus
name: Morgan, Portia
name: Musah, Abdul B
name: Aboagye, Sammy Y
name: Asare, Prince
name: Osei-Wusu, Stephen
name: Yirenkye, Stephen O
name: Tetteh-Ocloo, Georgina
name: Ansa, Gloria
name: Laryea, Clement
name: Forson, Audrey
name: Asante-Poku, Adwoa
name: Yeboah-Manu, Dorothy
Publisher: name: The Francis Crick Institute
Year: 2023
Subjects: Infectious Disease

description: No description supplied
Implications of the Oklo phenomenon in a chiral approach to nuclear matter
Creators: name: Davis, Edward D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has been customary to use data from the Oklo natural nuclear reactor to place bounds on the change that has occurred in the electromagnetic fine structure constant $α$ over the last 2 billion years. Alternatively, an analysis could be based on a recently proposed expression for shifts in resonance energies which relates them to changes in both $α$ and the average $m_q$ of the $u$ and $d$ current quark masses, and which makes explicit the dependence on mass number $A$ and atomic number $Z$. (Recent model independent results on hadronic $σ$-terms suggest sensitivity to the strange quark mass is negligible.) The most sophisticated analysis, to date, of the quark mass term invokes a calculation of the nuclear mean-field within the Walecka model of quantum hadrodynamics. We comment on this study and consider an alternative in which the link to low-energy quantum chromodynamics (QCD) and its pattern of chiral symmetry-breaking is more readily discernible. Specifically, we investigate the sensitivity to changes in the pion mass $M_π$ of a single nucleon potential determined by an in-medium chiral perturbation theory ($χ$PT) calculation which includes virtual $\mathrmΔ$-excitations. Subject to some reasonable assumptions about low-energy constants (LECs), we confirm that the $m_q$-contribution to resonance shifts is enhanced by a factor of 10 or so relative to the $α$-term and deduce that the Oklo data for Sm imply that $|m_q(\mathrm{Oklo})- m_q(\mathrm{now})| \lesssim 10^{-9}m_q(\mathrm{now})$.
description: 11 pages, contribution to Light Cone 2014, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA (May 26-30), submitted to Few-Body Systems
Transforming ICESat-2 research through collaboration and learning
Creators: name: Scheick, Jessica
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: ICESat-2
Hackweeks
icepyx

description: Abstract: Writing code is a given for many modern students; research progress cannot happen without some form of data manipulation, and for those of us in the earth sciences, the data volumes may be large (>= terabyte) and may require specialized software to manipulate. This data volume challenge is a relatively new one, instigated by ever-higher data resolutions and our ability to not only measure but also store and transmit massive amounts of data. However, our need for managing and processing such large data volumes has not kept pace with our tools and expertise, and it's easy to fall back to old habits of downloading data and coding in relative isolation. Despite these challenges, a team of researchers, data scientists, and software engineers - brought together by the ICESat-2 mission - are demonstrating how collaboration and intentional opportunities for learning can transform research and make open science and cloud computing a reality. This talk will highlight two components of this paradigm: the icepyx community and software library and hackweeks. Hackweeks are a short-format training model developed by practitioners at the University of Washington's eScience Institute. The model emphasizes creating a positive learning environment in which to provide interactive tutorials and peer learning through project work. Learners of all levels collaborate to share their expertise while building technical and open science skills. From the first ICESat-2-themed Hackweek emerged icepyx, a community and software library aimed at improving ICESat-2 data access and computational workflows. As a community, icepyx provides opportunities for researchers to practice collaborative development in a beginner-friendly environment, which can increase the likelihood they will contribute their research software to a shared repository. As software, icepyx is used for over 40% of all ICESat-2 data downloads from NASA's NSIDC data archive center and is working to provide cloud-optimized data access for ICESat-2 data products. As part of a broader ecosystem of tools and people, hackweeks and icepyx are part of a collaborative, educational paradigm redefining the ways in which we enable successful scientific research.

Presentation at the 12 Sept 2024 GESTAR II (Goddard Earth Sciences Technology and Research) Seminar Series at UMBC.
Breast Cancer: Comparative Effectiveness of Positron Emission Mammography and MR Imaging in Presurgical Planning for the Ipsilateral Breast
Creators: name: Madsen, Kathleen S.
name: Schilling, Kathy
name: Berg, Wendie A.
name: Tartar, Marie
name: Miller, Joel P.
name: Larsen, Linda Hovanessian
name: Ozonoff, Al
name: Pisano, Etta D.
name: Kalinyak, Judith E.
name: Narayanan, Deepa
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: To determine the performance of positron emission mammography (PEM), as compared with magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, including the effect on surgical management, in ipsilateral breasts with cancer.
Effect of Observing Change from Comparison Mammograms on Performance of Screening Mammography in a Large Community-based Population
Creators: name: Yankaskas, Bonnie C.
name: Bowling, J. Michael
name: May, Ryan C.
name: Jarman, Molly P.
name: Matuszewski, Jeanine
name: Schroeder, Bruce F.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: To evaluate the effect of comparison mammograms on accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV1), and cancer detection rate (CDR) of screening mammography to determine the role played by identification of change on comparison mammograms.
Dimensional crossover and cold-atom realization of topological Mott insulators
Creators: name: Scheurer, Mathias S.
name: Rachel, Stephan
name: Orth, Peter P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a cold-atom setup which allows for a dimensional crossover from a two-dimensional quantum spin Hall insulating phase to a three-dimensional strong topological insulator by tuning the hopping between the layers. We further show that additional Hubbard onsite interactions can give rise to spin liquid-like phases: weak and strong topological Mott insulators. They represent the celebrated paradigm of a quantum state of matter which merely exists because of the interplay of the non-trivial topology of the band structure and strong interactions. While the theoretical understanding of this phase has remained elusive, our proposal shall help to shed some light on this exotic state of matter by paving the way for a controlled experimental investigation in optical lattices.
description: 4+ pages, 3 figures; includes Supplemental Material (3 pages, 1 figure)
Determination of the spatial distribution and vertical profiles of UFP and other pollutants in an urban area
Creators: name: Samad, Abdul
name: Vogt, Ulrich
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: PM particulate matter, BC black carbon, bicycle measurements, mobile measurements, spatial distribution of air pollutants, tethered balloon measurements, vertical profiles

description: Air quality measurements in Stuttgart are performed under the project Urban Climate Under Change [UC]² Bicycle measurements provide the spatial distribution of meteorological parameters and air pollutants including UFP, while the balloon measurements provide the vertical profiles of the same parameters • The mobile measurements were carried out during summer and winter period of 2018 • As part of the quality assurance of the measured data, the gas devices were calibrated regularly using a gas phase titration system • PM, UFP and BC measurement devices were compared in advance with calibrated devices and also with the stationary monitoring stations
Digitally-assisted photonic analog domain self-interference cancellation for in-band full-duplex MIMO systems via LS algorithm with adaptive order
Creators: name: Han, Moxuan
name: Chen, Yang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: A digitally-assisted photonic analog domain self-interference cancellation (SIC) and frequency downconversion method is proposed for in-band full-duplex multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems using the least square (LS) algorithm with adaptive order. The SIC and frequency downconversion are achieved in the optical domain via a dual-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator (DP-MZM), while the downconverted signal is processed by the LS algorithm with adaptive order that is used to track the response of the multipath self-interference (SI) channel and reconstruct the reference signal for SIC. The proposed method can overcome the reconstruction difficulty of the multipath analog reference signal for SIC with high complexity in the MIMO scenario and can also solve the problem that the order of the reference reconstruction algorithm is not optimized when the wireless environment changes. An experiment is carried out to verify the concept. 30.2, 26.9, 23.5, 19.5, and 15.8 dB SIC depths are achieved when the SI signal has a carrier frequency of 10 GHz and baud rates of 0.1, 0.25, 0.5, 1, and 2 Gbaud, respectively. The convergence of the LS algorithm with adaptive order is also verified for different MIMO multipath SI signals.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures
Influence of Annual Interpretive Volume on Screening Mammography Performance in the United States
Creators: name: Sickles, Edward A.
name: Buist, Diana S. M.
name: Anderson, Melissa L.
name: Miglioretti, Diana L.
name: Kerlikowske, Karla
name: Haneuse, Sebastien J. P. A.
name: Geller, Berta M.
name: Elmore, Joann G.
name: Monsees, Barbara S.
name: Smith, Robert A.
name: Bassett, Lawrence W.
name: Carney, Patricia A.
name: Rosenberg, Robert D.
name: Onega, Tracy L.
name: Taplin, Stephen H.
name: Yankaskas, Bonnie C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: To examine whether U.S. radiologists’ interpretive volume affects their screening mammography performance.
High-Resolution 3D MR Microangiography of the Rat Ocular Circulation
Creators: name: Li, Guang
name: De La Garza, Bryan H.
name: Duong, Timothy Q.
name: Shih, Yen-Yu I.
name: Muir, Eric R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: To develop high-spatial-resolution magnetic resonance (MR) microangiography techniques to image the rat ocular circulation.
Charge state control in single InAs/GaAs quantum dots by external electric and magnetic fields
Creators: name: Tang, Jing
name: Cao, Shuo
name: Gao, Yunan
name: Sun, Yue
name: Geng, Weidong
name: Williams, David A.
name: Jin, Kuijuan
name: Xu, Xiulai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy study of charge state control in single self-assembled InAs/GaAs quantum dots by applying electric and/or magnetic fields at 4.2 K. Neutral and charged exciton complexes were observed under applied bias voltages from -0.5 V to 0.5 V by controlling the carrier tunneling. The highly negatively charged exciton emission becomes stronger with increasing pumping power, arising from the fact that electrons have a smaller effective mass than holes and are more easily captured by the quantum dots. The integrated PL intensity of negatively charged excitons is affected significantly by a magnetic field applied along the sample growth axis. This observation is explained by a reduction in the electron drift velocity caused by an applied magnetic field, which increases the probability of non-resonantly excited electrons being trapped by localized potentials at the wetting layer interface, and results in fewer electrons distributed in the quantum dots. The hole drift velocity is also affected by the magnetic field, but it is much weaker.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures
Multi-jet Merging with TMD Parton Branching
Creators: name: Martinez, A. Bermudez
name: Hautmann, F.
name: Mangano, M. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of the main theoretical systematics in studies of final states with large jet multiplicities at high-energy hadron colliders is associated with the merging of QCD parton showers and hard-scattering matrix elements. We present a method to incorporate the physics of transverse momentum recoils due to initial-state shower evolution into multi-jet merging algorithms by using the concept of transverse momentum dependent (TMD) distributions and the associated parton branching. We investigate the dependence on the merging scale and illustrate the impact of the new method at the level of both exclusive and inclusive final-state observables by studying differential jet rates, transverse momentum spectra and multiplicity distributions, using vector boson + jets events at the LHC as a case study.
description: Latex, 43 pages; version v2: typos corrected, additional comments and references inserted
Mammographic Interpretive Volume and Diagnostic Mammogram Interpretation Performance in Community Practice
Creators: name: Haneuse, Sebastien
name: Smith, Robert A.
name: Taplin, Stephen H.
name: Anderson, Melissa L.
name: Miglioretti, Diana L.
name: Buist, Diana S. M.
name: Geller, Berta M.
name: Rosenberg, Robert D.
name: Yankaskas, Bonnie C.
name: Kerlikowske, Karla
name: Sickles, Edward A.
name: Onega, Tracy
name: Elmore, Joann G.
name: Carney, Patricia A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: To investigate the association between radiologist interpretive volume and diagnostic mammography performance in community-based settings.
Estimating the output entropy of a tensor product of two quantum channels
Creators: name: Amosov, Grigori G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we find, for a class of bipartite quantum states, a nontrivial lower bound on the entropy gain resulting from the action of a tensor product of identity channel with an arbitrary channel. By means of that we then estimate (from below) the output entropy of the tensor product of dephasing channel with an arbitrary channel. Finally, we provide a characterization of all phase-damping channels resulting as particular cases of dephasing channels.
description: 15 pages
Nichts wie ran – DINI-Zertifizieren zum Mitmachen
Creators: name: Beucke, Daniel
name: Blumtritt, Ute
name: Deppe, Arvid
name: Drößler, Stefan
name: Meinecke, Isabella
name: Voigt, Michaela
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: open access
Repositorium
Begutachtung
DINI-Zertifikat
Zertifizierung
Publikationsdienst

description: Erstmalig 2003 und seitdem im Rhythmus von drei Jahren wird das DINI-Zertifikat herausgegeben, mit dem Ziel, die Standardisierung von Open-Access-Publikationsdiensten mit konkret formulierten Anforderungen und Empfehlungen voranzutreiben. Es bietet Betreiber*innen dieser Publikationsdienste – d.h. von Open-Access-Repositorien und -Zeitschriften – Orientierung und Good Practices bei der Entwicklung ihrer Services und technischen Systeme. Bei dem Zertifikat stand und steht Offenheit in jeglicher Hinsicht im Fokus: Es will offene Infrastrukturen für die Wissenschaft und (Diamond) Open Access befördern. Es wird von der Community für die Community gemacht – das gilt für die Erarbeitung des Zertifikatstextes ebenso wie für die Begutachtung der zu zertifizierenden Dienste.

Dieser Workshop bietet Betreiber*innen von Publikationsdiensten die Gelegenheit, praxisnahe Einblicke in die Struktur des Zertifikats und den Zertifizierungsprozess zu gewinnen. Die Teilnehmerinnen werden nicht nur mit den Grundlagen des Antragsverfahrens und des OAI-Validators vertraut gemacht (Input durch Workshopleiter*innen), sondern sie übernehmen auch aktiv die Rolle von Gutachter*innen. In kleinen Gruppen, strukturiert nach den Kriterienbereichen des Zertifikats, werden sie anhand eines realen Beispiels die Anforderungen überprüfen und offene Fragen diskutieren (kollaborative Arbeit in Tandems an Thementischen, die von erfahrenen Gutachter*innen betreut werden). Diese interaktive Herangehensweise ermöglicht nicht nur einen umfassenden Einblick in den Ablauf des Begutachtungsprozesses, sondern liefert auch wertvolle Anregungen für die Zertifizierung eigener Publikationsdienste. Die DINI AG E-pub erhofft sich von dem Workshop Anregungen, um ergänzende Materialien (FAQ zum Zertifikat, Fragebogen, Materialien für Gutachtende) für zukünftige Zertifikatsversionen weiter zu verbessern.

Wir bitten Teilnehmer*innen, einen eigenen Laptop/Tablet mit WLAN-Zugang mitzubringen.
Discontinuous normals in non-Euclidean geometries and two-dimensional gravity
Creators: name: Battista, Emmanuele
name: Esposito, Giampiero
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper builds two detailed examples of generalized normal in non-Euclidean spaces, i.e. the hyperbolic and elliptic geometries. In the hyperbolic plane we define a n-sided hyperbolic polygon P, which is the Euclidean closure of the hyperbolic plane H, bounded by n hyperbolic geodesic segments. The polygon P is built by considering the unique geodesic that connects the n+2 vertices (tilde z),z0,z1,...,z(n-1),z(n). The geodesics that link the vertices are Euclidean semicircles centred on the real axis. The vector normal to the geodesic linking two consecutive vertices is evaluated and turns out to be discontinuous. Within the framework of elliptic geometry, we solve the geodesic equation and construct a geodesic triangle. Also in this case, we obtain a discontinuous normal vector field. Last, the possible application to two-dimensional Euclidean quantum gravity is outlined.
description: 27 pages, 1 figure. In the final version, the presentation has been improved, and new References have been added
Mapping Microvasculature with Acoustic Angiography Yields Quantifiable Differences between Healthy and Tumor-bearing Tissue Volumes in a Rodent Model
Creators: name: Dayton, Paul A.
name: Aylward, Stephen R.
name: Gessner, Ryan C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: To determine if the morphologies of microvessels could be extracted from contrast material–enhanced acoustic angiographic ultrasonographic (US) images and used as a quantitative basis for distinguishing healthy from diseased tissue.
Soll man ein neues Konzil anstreben?
Creators: name: Mieth, Dietmar
name: Theobald, Christoph
Publisher: name: Concilium
Year: 1970

description: Concilium, Bd. 35 Nr. 1 (1999): Concilium: Internationale Zeitschrift für Theologie, Band 35, Heft 1
Reported Mammographic Density: Film-Screen versus Digital Acquisition
Creators: name: Harvey, Jennifer A.
name: Geller, Berta A.
name: Onega, Tracy L.
name: Yankaskas, Bonnie C.
name: Gard, Charlotte C.
name: Kerlikowske, Karla
name: Miglioretti, Diana L.
name: Buist, Diana S. M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: To test the hypothesis that American College of Radiology Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) categories for breast density reported by radiologists are lower when digital mammography is used than those reported when film-screen (FS) mammography is used.
Strongly Lensed Jets, Time Delays, and the Value of H0
Creators: name: Barnacka, Anna
name: Geller, Margaret
name: Dell'Antonio, Ian P.
name: Benbow, Wystan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In principle, the most straightforward method of estimating the Hubble constant relies on time delays between mirage images of strongly-lensed sources. It is a puzzle, then, that the values of H0 obtained with this method span a range from 50 - 100 km/s/Mpc. Quasars monitored to measure these time delays, are multi-component objects. The variability may arise from different components of the quasar or may even originate from a jet. Misidentifying a variable emitting region in a jet with emission from the core region may introduce an error in the Hubble constant derived from a time delay. Here, we investigate the complex structure of sources as the underlying physical explanation of the widespread in values of the Hubble constant based on gravitational lensing. Our Monte Carlo simulations demonstrate that the derived value of the Hubble constant is very sensitive to the offset between the center of the emission and the center of the variable emitting region. Thus, we propose using the value of H0 known from other techniques to spatially resolve the origin of the variable emission once the time delay is measured. We advocate this method particularly for gamma-ray astronomy, where the angular resolution of detectors reaches approximately 0.1 degree; lensed blazars offer the only route for identify the origin of gamma-ray flares. Large future samples of gravitationally lensed sources identified with Euclid, SKA, and LSST will enable a statistical determination of H0.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ
Η εφαρμογή του artful thinking σε πρόγραμμα με τοπικά προϊόντα. Η ανταπόκριση μαθήτριας με αυτισμό στο συγκεκριμένο θέμα.
Creators: name: Γιωτόπουλος, Γεώργιος
name: Μαλλοπούλου, Δήμητρα
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: artful thinking
ειδική αγωγή
διάχυτες αναπτυξιακές διαταραχές

description: Τα τελευταία χρόνια στη χώρα μας γίνεται προσπάθεια για συνεκπαίδευση των παιδιών με μαθησιακές δυσκολίες στις «κανονικές» τάξεις. Δυστυχώς σε αρκετές περιπτώσεις υπάρχουν ακόμα στερεότυπα που εμποδίζουν τη φοίτηση των παιδιών αυτών. Στην εισήγησή μας θα παρουσιάσουμε την περίπτωση της Ε., μια μαθήτριας με Διάχυτες Αναπτυξιακές Διαταραχές (ΔΑΔ) σε ένα ημιορεινό δημοτικό σχολείο της Δυτικής Ελλάδας, η οποία φοιτά στη Ε΄ τάξη. Πιο συγκεκριμένα, η μαθήτρια στον προφορικό της λόγο δυσκολεύεται να κατανοήσει και να ερμηνεύσει το νόημα πολλών λέξεων που ακούει, δεν μπορεί να εκφέρει πολλές καθημερινές λέξεις, δεν γνωρίζει τα γράμματα της αλφαβήτας και τους αριθμούς, ενώ αποφεύγει την επικοινωνία και το παιχνίδι με τους συνομήλικους της. Θα αναδείξουμε τη χρησιμότητα της μεθόδου Artful Thinking και κυρίως τα οφέλη που μπορεί να έχει σε άτομα με ΔΑΔ, στη βελτίωση της συμμετοχής τους στη σχολική ζωή, στις δραστηριότητες, και στην καθημερινή επαφή τους με τους συμμαθητές τους.