cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Reduced expression of MECP2 affects cell commitment and maintenance in neurons by triggering senescence: New perspective for Rett syndrome
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Cell Line, Tumor
Cellular Senescence
Chromatin
CpG Islands
DNA Methylation
Gene Expression Regulation
Humans
Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Methyl-CpG-Binding Protein 2
Neuroblastoma
Neurogenesis
Neurons
RNA Interference
RNA, Small Interfering
Rett Syndrome
Tretinoin

description: MECP2 protein binds preferentially to methylated CpGs and regulates gene expression by causing changes in chromatin structure. The mechanism by which impaired MECP2 activity can induce pathological abnormalities in the nervous system of patients with Rett syndrome (RTT) is not clearly understood. To gain further insight into the role of MECP2 in human neurogenesis, we compared the neural differentiation process in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) obtained from a RTT patient and from healthy donors. We further analyzed neural differentiation in a human neuroblastoma cell line carrying a partially silenced MECP2 gene. Senescence and reduced expression of neural markers were observed in proliferating and differentiating MSCs from the RTT patient, which suggests that impaired activity of MECP2 protein may impair neural differentiation, as observed in RTT patients. Next, we used an inducible expression system to silence MECP2 in neuroblastoma cells before and after the induction of neural differentiation via retinoic acid treatment. This approach was used to test whether MECP2 inactivation affected the cell fate of neural progenitors and/or neuronal differentiation and maintenance. Overall, our data suggest that neural cell fate and neuronal maintenance may be perturbed by senescence triggered by impaired MECP2 activity either before or after neural differentiation. © 2012 Squillaro et al.
A Classical Analysis of Capacitively Coupled Superconducting Qubits
Creators: name: Blackburn, James A.
name: Marchese, Jeffrey E.
name: Cirillo, Matteo
name: Grønbech-Jensen, Niels
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An electrical circuit consisting of two capacitively coupled inductive loops, each interrupted by a Josephson junction, is analyzed through the classical RSCJ model. The same circuit has recently been studied experimentally and the results were used to demonstrate quantum mechanical entanglement in the system by observing the correlated states of the two inductive loops after initial microwave perturbations. Our classical analysis shows that the observed phenomenon exists entirely within the classical RSCJ model, and we provide a detailed intuitive description of the transient dynamics responsible for the observations.
description: Five pages, four figures
Constraining spacetime noncommutativity with primordial nucleosynthesis
Creators: name: Horvat, Raul
name: Trampetic, Josip
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss a constraint on the scale $Λ_{\rm NC}$ of noncommutative (NC) gauge field theory arising from consideration of the big bang nucleosynthesis (BBN) of light elements. The propagation of neutrinos in the NC background described by an antisymmetric tensor $θ^{μν}$ does result in a tree-level vector-like coupling to photons in a generation-independent manner, raising thus a possibility to have an appreciable contribution of three light right-handed (RH) fields to the energy density of the universe at nucleosynthesis time. Considering elastic scattering processes of the RH neutrinos off charged plasma constituents at a given cosmological epoch, we obtain for a conservative limit on an effective number of additional doublet neutrinos, $ΔN_ν=1$, a bound $Λ_{\rm NC} \stackrel{>}{\sim}$ 3 TeV. With a more stringent requirement, $ΔN_ν\lesssim 0.2$, the bound is considerably improved, $Λ_{\rm NC} \stackrel{>}{\sim} 10^3$ TeV. For our bounds the $θ$-expansion of the NC action stays always meaningful, since the decoupling temperature of the RH species is perseveringly much less than the inferred bound for the scale of noncommutativity.
description: 4 pages, version to appear in PRD
Increasing Liquid State Machine Performance with Edge-of-Chaos Dynamics Organized by Astrocyte-modulated Plasticity
Creators: name: Ivanov, Vladimir A.
name: Michmizos, Konstantinos P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The liquid state machine (LSM) combines low training complexity and biological plausibility, which has made it an attractive machine learning framework for edge and neuromorphic computing paradigms. Originally proposed as a model of brain computation, the LSM tunes its internal weights without backpropagation of gradients, which results in lower performance compared to multi-layer neural networks. Recent findings in neuroscience suggest that astrocytes, a long-neglected non-neuronal brain cell, modulate synaptic plasticity and brain dynamics, tuning brain networks to the vicinity of the computationally optimal critical phase transition between order and chaos. Inspired by this disruptive understanding of how brain networks self-tune, we propose the neuron-astrocyte liquid state machine (NALSM) that addresses under-performance through self-organized near-critical dynamics. Similar to its biological counterpart, the astrocyte model integrates neuronal activity and provides global feedback to spike-timing-dependent plasticity (STDP), which self-organizes NALSM dynamics around a critical branching factor that is associated with the edge-of-chaos. We demonstrate that NALSM achieves state-of-the-art accuracy versus comparable LSM methods, without the need for data-specific hand-tuning. With a top accuracy of 97.61% on MNIST, 97.51% on N-MNIST, and 85.84% on Fashion-MNIST, NALSM achieved comparable performance to current fully-connected multi-layer spiking neural networks trained via backpropagation. Our findings suggest that the further development of brain-inspired machine learning methods has the potential to reach the performance of deep learning, with the added benefits of supporting robust and energy-efficient neuromorphic computing on the edge.
description: 23 pages, 9 figures, NeurIPS 2021
Spin-statistics relation and the Abelian braiding phase for anyons in fractional quantum Hall effect
Creators: name: Trung, Ha Quang
name: Wang, Yuzhu
name: Yang, Bo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quasihole excitations in fractional quantum Hall (FQH) systems exhibit fractional statistics and fractional spin, but how the spin-statistics relation emerges from many-body physics remains poorly understood. Here we prove a spin-statistics relation using only FQH wave functions, on both the sphere and disk geometry. In particular, the proof on the disk generalizes to all quasiholes in realistic systems, which have a finite size and could be deformed into arbitrary shapes. Different components of the quasihole spins are linked to different conformal Hilbert spaces (CHS), which are nullspaces of model Hamiltonians that host the respective FQH ground states and quasihole states. Understanding how the intrinsic spin of the quasiholes is linked to different CHS is crucial for the generalized spin-statistics relation that takes into account the effect of metric deformation. In terms of the experimental relevance, this enables us to study the effect of deformation and disorder that introduces an additional source of Berry curvature, an aspect of anyon braiding that has been largely neglected in previous literature.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, comments very welcome
Magnetic characterization of undoped and 15%F doped LaFeAsO and SmFeAsO compounds
Creators: name: Cimberle, M. R.
name: Canepa, F.
name: Ferretti, M.
name: Martinelli, A.
name: Palenzona, A.
name: Siri, A. S.
name: Tarantini, C.
name: Tropeano, M.
name: Ferdeghini, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper the magnetic behaviour of undoped and 15% F doped SmFeAsO (Sm-1111) and LaFeAsO (La-1111) samples is presented and discussed. Magnetization measurements are not a simple tool to use for the characterisation of the new family of Fe-based superconductors because magnetic impurities can be easily formed during the preparation procedure and may affect the magnetic signal. In spite of this problem bulk magnetization measurements, properly treated, may give very useful information. In the undoped samples we gathered the main aspects of the physical behavior of the 1111 phase, i.e. the onset of the Spin Density Wave (SDW), the antiferromagnetic ordering at the Sm sublattice and the susceptibility increase with increasing temperature above the SDW temperature, and, in addition, we were able to estimate the Pauli contribution to susceptibility and therein the Wilson ratio both for LaFeAsO and SmFeAsO compounds, and the amplitude of the jump at the SDW temperature. In the doped samples, while the presence of magnetic signals due to impurities is dominating in the normal state, the superconducting behavior may be clearly observed and studied. In particular, in the Sm-1111 superconducting sample the coexistence-competition between superconductivity and antiferromagnetic ordering of the Sm ions was clearly observed.
description: in press on Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials
DNA methylation differences at growth related genes correlate with birth weight: A molecular signature linked to developmental origins of adult disease?
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Adult
Animals
Birth Weight
Computational Biology
DNA Methylation
Female
Fetal Blood
GRB10 Adaptor Protein
Gene Expression Profiling
Humans
Infant, Newborn
MSX1 Transcription Factor
Mice
Phenotype
Placenta
Pregnancy
Transcription, Genetic

description: Background: Infant birth weight is a complex quantitative trait associated with both neonatal and long-term health outcomes. Numerous studies have been published in which candidate genes (IGF1, IGF2, IGF2R, IGF binding proteins, PHLDA2 and PLAGL1) have been associated with birth weight, but these studies are difficult to reproduce in man and large cohort studies are needed due to the large inter individual variance in transcription levels. Also, very little of the trait variance is explained. We decided to identify additional candidates without regard for what is known about the genes. We hypothesize that DNA methylation differences between individuals can serve as markers of gene "expression potential" at growth related genes throughout development and that these differences may correlate with birth weight better than single time point measures of gene expression. Methods. We performed DNA methylation and transcript profiling on cord blood and placenta from newborns. We then used novel computational approaches to identify genes correlated with birth weight. Results: We identified 23 genes whose methylation levels explain 70-87% of the variance in birth weight. Six of these (ANGPT4, APOE, CDK2, GRB10, OSBPL5 and REG1B) are associated with growth phenotypes in human or mouse models. Gene expression profiling explained a much smaller fraction of variance in birth weight than did DNA methylation. We further show that two genes, the transcriptional repressor MSX1 and the growth factor receptor adaptor protein GRB10, are correlated with transcriptional control of at least seven genes reported to be involved in fetal or placental growth, suggesting that we have identified important networks in growth control. GRB10 methylation is also correlated with genes involved in reactive oxygen species signaling, stress signaling and oxygen sensing and more recent data implicate GRB10 in insulin signaling. Conclusions: Single time point measurements of gene expression may reflect many factors unrelated to birth weight, while inter-individual differences in DNA methylation may represent a "molecular fossil record" of differences in birth weight-related gene expression. Finding these "unexpected" pathways may tell us something about the long-term association between low birth weight and adult disease, as well as which genes may be susceptible to environmental effects. These findings increase our understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in human development and disease progression. © 2012 Turan et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.
NeIC Dellingr Project Phase 2 Deliverable 5 "Resource exchange implementation and agreement"
Creators: name: Saar, Ahti
name: Sjöström, Anders
name: Sveinbjörnsson, Hjörleifur
name: Livenson, Ilja
name: Svalgaard-Kohrt, Jens
name: White, John
name: Fagerholm, Juha
name: Brännvall, Mathias
name: Nikunen, Petri
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: Dellingr Phase 2 deliverable DO5 giving the proposed resource exchange implementation and agreement. In this document we propose how to share e-infrastructure resources across the Nordic borders. The legal and VAT issues are examined and reflections on how other projects achieve this goal.
A Time and Cost Effective Method for Entropic Coefficient Determination of a Large Commercial Battery Cell
Creators: name: Geng, Zeyang
name: Groot, Jens
name: Thiringer, Torbjörn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The entropic coefficient of a lithium-ion battery cell is used to calculate the reversible heat of a battery during operation, which is a non-negligible part for the battery thermal modelling. The contribution of this article is to propose a novel method to establish the entropic coefficient profile of a 26 Ah commercial pouch cell, and compare the results with those obtained from the traditional potentiometric and calorimetric methods, and all are found to be in a good agreement. The originality of this work is to use a method which consists of supplying a square pulse current wave form at a certain frequency and thus the resulting heat variation could be successfully linked to the input current using Fourier analysis. The current magnitude used were 1 C and 1.5 C, which are representative for the normal operation current in an electrified vehicle application. The method proposed is found to be cost efficient with a short experiment time and simple experiment setup. In fact, it can be used to characterize cells that are already mounted in a pack without the access to a climate chamber or calorimeter.
description: Published by IEEE
Decreased Nocturnal Awakenings in Young Adults Performing Bikram Yoga: A Low-Constraint Home Sleep Monitoring Study
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: 1701 Psychology
subject: Clinical
subject: Clinical Medicine and Science
subject: Complementary and Alternative Medicine
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Behavioral and Social Science
subject: Clinical Research
subject: Sleep Research

description: This pilot study evaluated the impact of Bikram Yoga on subjective and objective sleep parameters. We compared subjective (diary) and objective (headband sleep monitor) sleep measures on yoga versus nonyoga days during a 14-day period. Subjects () were not constrained regarding yoga-practice days, other exercise, caffeine, alcohol, or naps. These activities did not segregate by choice of yoga days. Standard sleep metrics were unaffected by yoga, including sleep latency, total sleep time, and percentage of time spent in rapid eye movement (REM), light non-REM, deep non-REM, or wake after sleep onset (WASO). Consistent with prior work, transition probability analysis was a more sensitive index of sleep architecture changes than standard metrics. Specifically, Bikram Yoga was associated with significantly faster return to sleep after nocturnal awakenings. We conclude that objective home sleep monitoring is feasible in a low-constraint, real-world study design. Further studies on patients with insomnia will determine whether the results generalize or not.
Charge and mass effects on the evaporation of higher-dimensional rotating black holes
Creators: name: Sampaio, Marco O. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To study the dynamics of discharge of a brane black hole in TeV gravity scenarios, we obtain the approximate electromagnetic field due to the charged black hole, by solving Maxwell's equations perturbatively on the brane. In addition, arguments are given for brane metric corrections due to backreaction. We couple brane scalar and brane fermion fields with non-zero mass and charge to the background, and study the Hawking radiation process using well known low energy approximations as well as a WKB approximation in the high energy limit. We argue that contrary to common claims, the initial evaporation is not dominated by fast Schwinger discharge.
description: Published version. Minor typos corrected. 29 pages, 5 figures
Role of mir-148a in hepatitis B associated hepatocellular carcinoma
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2012
Subjects: 3' Untranslated Regions
Adult
Aged
Animals
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular
Cell Cycle
Cell Line, Tumor
Cell Movement
Cell Proliferation
Female
Hepatitis B
Humans
Liver Neoplasms
Male
Mice
Mice, SCID
MicroRNAs
Middle Aged
PTEN Phosphohydrolase
Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt
Trans-Activators
Viral Regulatory and Accessory Proteins
beta Catenin

description: Hepatitis B virus encoded X antigen (HBx) is a trans-regulatory protein that alters the activity of selected transcription factors and cytoplasmic signal transduction pathways. HBx transcriptionally up-regulates the expression of a unique gene, URG11, which in turn transcriptionally up-regulates β-catenin, thereby contributing importantly to hepatocarcinogenesis. HBx and URG11 also alter the expression of multiple microRNAs, and by miRNA array analysis, both were shown to promote the expression of miR-148a. Elevated miR-148a was also seen in HBx positive liver samples from infected patients. To study the function of miR-148a, anti-148a was introduced into HepG2 and Hep3B cells stably expressing HBx or stably over-expressing URG11. Anti-miR-148a suppressed cell proliferation, cell cycle progression, cell migration, anchorage independent growth in soft agar and subcutaneous tumor formation in SCID mice. Introduction of anti-miR-148a increased PTEN protein and mRNA expression, suggesting that PTEN was targeted by miR-148a. Anti-miR-148a failed to suppress PTEN expression when co-transfected with reporter gene mutants in the 3′UTR of PTEN mRNA. Introduction of anti-miR-148a also resulted in depressed Akt signaling by HBx and URG11, resulting in decreased expression of β-catenin. Thus, miR-148a may play a central role in HBx/URG11 mediated HCC, and may be an early diagnostic marker and/or therapeutic target associated with this tumor type. © 2012 Yuan et al.
Gauge-invariant construction of quantum cosmology
Creators: name: Amemiya, Fumitoshi
name: Koike, Tatsuhiko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present and analyze a gauge-invariant quantum theory of the Friedmann-Robertson-Walker universe with dust. We construct the reduced phase space spanned by gauge-invariant quantities by using the so-called relational formalism at the classical level. The reduced phase space thereby obtained can be quantized in the same manner as an ordinary mechanical system. We carry out the quantization and obtain the Schrödinger equation. This quantization procedure realizes a possible resolution to the problem of time and observables in canonical quantum gravity. We analyze the classical initial singularity of the theory by evolving a wave packet backward in time and evaluating the expectation value of the scale factor. It is shown that the initial singularity of the Universe is avoided by the quantum gravitational effects.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D
Qualities of individuals in a replacement stock of blue grouse
Creators: name: Low, David J.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: An entire breeding population of blue grouse (Dendraqapus obscurus) was removed in 1970 from an area of 900 acres of second-growth forest land on central Vancouver Island. The population had been declining since 1954. A nearby area with its grouse population intact was retained as a control. The artificially removed population was completely replaced at the first breeding season, - almost completely by yearling birds, which is evidence for there being a surplus of individuals in the spring. This new population resembled the original residents and other grouse in surrounding areas. The use of behaviour evaluation techniques revealed that the recolonizing population was as aggressive as the original residents had been. The removal experiment gave strong evidence that blue grouse space themselves out through territorial behaviour.
Competition between evaporation and fragmentation in nuclear reactions at 15-20 AMeV beam energy
Creators: name: Morelli, Luca <1982>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2011
Subjects: FIS/04 Fisica nucleare e subnucleare

description: The reactions 32S+58,64Ni are studied at 14.5 AMeV. From this energy on, fragmentation begins to be a dominant process, although evaporation and fission are still present.
After a selection of the collision mechanism, we show that important even-odd effects are present in the isotopic fragment distributions when the excitation energy is small. 
The staggering effect appears to be a universal feature of fragment production, slightly enhanced when the emission source is neutron poor. A closer look at the behavior of isotopic chains reveals that odd-even effects cannot
be explained  by pairing effects in the nuclear mass alone, but depend in a more complex way on the de-excitation chain.
Primary prevention of lead exposure-blood lead results at age two years
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2012
Subjects: blood lead levels
childhood lead poisoning
children’s environmental health
primary prevention of lead exposure
Child, Preschool
Cohort Studies
Environmental Exposure
Environmental Monitoring
Environmental Pollutants
Health Education
Health Promotion
Humans
Lead
Philadelphia
Primary Prevention

description: Objectives: The Philadelphia Lead Safe Homes (LSH) Study was designed to evaluate whether educational and environmental interventions in the first year of life for families of newborns increased knowledge of lead exposure prevention and were associated with less elevation of blood lead levels (BLLs) for these children, when compared to children receiving standard care. Methods: The current study performed descriptive statistics on the second-year BLL data for both groups and compared these using chi-square tests for proportions and unpaired t-tests for means. Results: A BLL result was found for 159 (50.6%) of the 314 LSH cohort children and 331 (52.7%) of the 628 control children (p = 0.1). Mean and standard deviation for age at draw was 23.8 (3.4) months versus 23.6 (3.1) months (P = 0.6). Geometric mean BLLs were 3.7 versus 3.5 μg/dL (P = 0.4). The percentages of the cohort group with a BLL of ≥20, ≥10 and ≥5 μg/dL, respectively, were 0.6%, 5% and 30%; for the controls 1.2%, 6.6%, and 25%. These percentages were not significantly different between groups. Conclusion: A comparison of geometric mean BLLs and percentages above several BLL cut points drawn at age two years in a group of urban newborns benefitting from study interventions versus a group of similar urban children did not yield statistically significant differences. Both groups had relatively lower lead levels when compared to historical cohort groups, which may reflect a continuing downward trend in BLLs in U.S. children. The interventions did result in benefits to the families such as an increase in parental knowledge about lead exposure prevention and in-home wet cleaning activity, and a decrease in lead dust levels in study homes. © 2012 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
Flatfield Ultrafast Imaging with Single-Shot Non-Synchronous Array Photography
Creators: name: Sheinman, Matthew
name: Ziegler, Lawrence
name: Erramilli, Shyamsunder
name: Mertz, Jerome
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a method for acquiring a sequence of time-resolved images in a single shot, called Single-Shot Non-Synchronous Array Photography (SNAP). In SNAP, a pulsed laser beam is split by a diffractive optical element into an array of angled beamlets whose illumination fronts remain perpendicular to the optical axis. Different time delays are imparted to each beamlet by an echelon, enabling them to probe a scene in rapid succession. The beamlets are then imaged onto different regions of a camera by a lenslet array. Because the illumination fronts remain flat (head-on) independently of beamlet angle, the temporal resolution of SNAP is fundamentally limited only by the laser pulse duration, akin to a "global shutter" in conventional imaging. We demonstrate SNAP by capturing the evolution of a laser induced plasma filament for 20 frames at an average rate of 4.2 Tfps.
Study of innovative methods of control in the cereal productive chain for the production of beer and spirits
Creators: name: Sileoni, Valeria <1983>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2011
Subjects: AGR/15 Scienze e tecnologie alimentari

description: Researches performed during the PhD course intended to assess innovative applications of near-infrared spectroscopy in reflectance (NIR) in the production chain of beer. The purpose is to measure by NIR the "malting quality" (MQ) parameter of barley, to monitor the malting process and to know if a certain type of barley is suitable for the production of beer and spirits. Moreover, NIR will be applied to monitor the brewing process.
	First of all, it was possible to check the quality of the raw materials like barley, maize and barley malt using a rapid, non-destructive and reliable method, with a low error of prediction.
The more interesting result obtained at this level was that the repeatability of the NIR calibration models developed was comparable with the one of the reference method. Moreover, about malt, new kinds of validation were used in order to estimate the real predictive power of the proposed calibration models and to understand the long-term effects. Furthermore, the precision of all the calibration models developed for malt evaluation was estimated and statistically compared with the reference methods, with good results. 
	Then, new calibration models were developed for monitoring the malting process, measuring the moisture content and other malt quality parameters during germination.
	Moreover it was possible to obtain by NIR an estimate of the "malting quality" (MQ) of barley and to predict whether if its germination will be rapid and uniform and if a certain type of barley is suitable for the production of beer and spirits. 
	Finally, the NIR technique was applied to monitor the brewing process, using correlations between NIR spectra of beer and analytical parameters, and to assess beer quality.
	These innovative results are potentially very useful for the actors involved in the beer production chain, especially the calibration models suitable for the control of the malting process and for the assessment of the “malting quality” of barley, which need to be deepened in future studies.
The TRB for HADES and FAIR experiments at GSI
Creators: name: Krzemien, W.
name: Frohlich, I.
name: Kajetanowicz, M.
name: Korcyl, K.
name: Michel, J.
name: Palka, M.
name: Salabura, P.
name: Schrader, C.
name: Skott, P.
name: Strobele, H.
name: Stroth, J.
name: Tarantola, A.
name: Traxler, M.
name: Trebacz, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The TRB hardware module is a multi-purpose Trigger and Readout Board with on-board DAQ functionality developed for the upgrade of the HADES experiment. It contains a single computer chip (Etrax) running Linux as a well as a 100 Mbit/s Ethernet interface. It has been orginally designed to work as a 128-channel Time to Digital Converter based on the HPTDC chip from CERN. The new version contains a 2 Gbit/s optical link and an interface connector (15 Gbit/s) in order to realize an add-on card concept which makes the hardware very flexible. Moreover, an FPGA chip (Xilinx, Virtex 4 LX 40) and a TigerSharc DSP provide new computing resources which can be used to run on-line analysis algorithms. The TRB is proposed as a prototype for new modules for the planned detector systems PANDA and CBM at the future FAIR facility at GSI-Darmstadt.
description: Presented at 10th ICATPP Conference on Astroparticle, Particle and Space Physics, Detectors and Medical Physics Applications, Villa Olmo, Como, 8-12 October 2007 5 pages, 2 figures
Condizionamenti del diritto primario e derivato dell'Unione Europea sulle clausole antielusione degli ordinamenti nazionali: il ruolo dell'armonizzazione
Creators: name: Sanz Gomez, Rafael Jesus <1984>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2011
Subjects: IUS/12 Diritto tributario

description: La tesi svolta affronta i condizionamenti stabiliti dal Diritto dell'Unione europea nella prevenzione della frode e l'abuso tramite clausole antielusione specifiche nazionali e come l'armonizzazione modifica il margine d'azione degli Stati membri. A tale scopo, realizza un'analisi fondamentalmente giurisprudenziale di Trattati –fondamentalmente le libertà di circolazione–, della Direttiva Iva e le quatro direttive in materia d'imposizione diretta. Si individuano gli interessi che possono giustificare le clasuole nazionali, fondamentalmente la ripartizione equilibrata del potere impositivo e la prevenzione dell'abuso. La loro applicazione è diversa a causa di aspetti vari che si vincolano con il rapporto fra diritto originario, diritto derivato e diritto nazionale (fra altri, i criteri d'interpretazione e l'applicazione del principio di proporzionalità sono diversi). Tutti questi elementi, in generale, allargano il margine d'azione delle clausole antielusione che attuino una direttiva. L'emergenza di un divieto di abuso di matrice comunitaria (come principio generale applicabile nelle materia non armonizzate come nelle armonizzate) modifica la natura delle clausole: non sarebbero limiti al diritto dell'Unione, ma garanzia della sua effettività.
Experimental and computational studies on the reactivity of methanimine radical cation (H$_2$CNH$^{+\cdot}$) and its isomer aminomethylene (HCNH$_2^{+\cdot}$) with C$_2$H$_2$
Creators: name: Richardson, Vincent
name: Ascenzi, Daniela
name: Sundelin, David
name: Alcaraz, Christian
name: Romanzin, Claire
name: Thissen, Roland
name: Guillemin, Jean-Claude
name: Polášek, Miroslav
name: Tosi, Paolo
name: Žabka, Jan
name: Geppert, Wolf D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Experimental and theoretical studies are presented on the reactivity of the radical cation isomers methanimine and aminomethylene with ethyne. Selective isomer generation is performed via dissociative photoionization of suitable neutral precursors and via direct photoionization of methanimine. Reactive cross sections and product branching ratios are measured as a function of photon and collision energies. Results are discussed in light of ab initio calculations of reaction mechanisms. The major channels, for both isomers, are due to H atom elimination from covalently bound adducts to give [C3NH4]+. Theoretical calculations show that while for the reaction of aminomethylene with acetylene any of the three lowest energy [C3NH4]+ isomers can form via barrierless and exothermic pathways, for the methanimine reagent the only barrierless pathway is the one leading to the production of protonated vinyl cyanide (CH2CHCNH+), a prototypical branched nitrile species that has been proposed as a likely intermediate in star forming regions and in the atmosphere of Titan. The astrochemical implications of the results are briefly addressed.
description: 16 pages, 8 figures, 2 Tables. Supplementary material available at Publisher's site
Differences in selective pressure on dhps and dhfr drug resistant mutations in western Kenya
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Plasmodium
Malaria
Dihydrofolate Reductase
Dihydropterote synthase
Sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine
Natural selection
Selective sweep
Drug resistance

description: Background: Understanding the origin and spread of mutations associated with drug resistance, especially in the context of combination therapy, will help guide strategies to halt and prevent the emergence of resistance. Unfortunately, studies have assessed these complex processes when resistance is already highly prevalent. Even further, information on the evolutionary dynamics leading to multidrug-resistant parasites is scattered and limited to areas with low or seasonal malaria transmission. This study describes the dynamics of strong selection for mutations conferring resistance against sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP), a combination therapy, in western Kenya between 1992 and 1999, just before SP became first-line therapy (1999). Importantly, the study is based on longitudinal data, which allows for a comprehensive analysis that contrasts with previous cross-sectional studies carried out in other endemic regions. Methods. This study used 236 blood samples collected between 1992 and 1999 in the Asembo Bay area of Kenya. Pyrosequencing was used to determine the alleles of dihydrofolate reductase (dhfr) and dihydropterote synthase (dhps) genes. Microsatellite alleles spanning 138 kb around dhfr and dhps, as well as, neutral markers spanning approximately 100 kb on chromosomes 2 and 3 were characterized. Results: By 1992, the South-Asian dhfr triple mutant was already spreading, albeit in low frequency, in this holoendemic Kenyan population, prior to the use of SP as a first-line therapy. Additionally, dhfr triple mutant alleles that originated independently from the predominant Southeast Asian lineage were present in the sample set. Likewise, dhps double mutants were already present as early as 1992. There is evidence for soft selective sweeps of two dhfr mutant alleles and the possible emergence of a selective sweep of double mutant dhps alleles between 1992 and 1997. The longitudinal structure of the dataset allowed estimation of selection pressures on various dhfr and dhps mutants relative to each other based on a theoretical model tailored to P. falciparum. The data indicate that drug selection acted differently on the resistant alleles of dhfr and dhps, as evidenced by fitness differences. Thus a combination drug therapy such as SP, by itself, does not appear to select for "multidrug"-resistant parasites in areas with high recombination rate. Conclusions: The complexity of these observations emphasizes the importance of population-based studies to evaluate the effects of strong drug selection on Plasmodium falciparum populations. © 2012 McCollum et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.
Direct limits in categories of normed vector lattices and Banach lattices
Creators: name: Ding, Chun
name: de Jeu, Marcel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 46M40, Secondary 46A40, 46B40, 46B42

description: After collecting a number of results on interval and almost interval preserving linear maps and vector lattice homomorphisms, we show that direct systems in various categories of normed vector lattices and Banach lattices have direct limits, and that these coincide with direct limits of the systems in naturally associated other categories. For those categories where the general constructions do not work to establish the existence of general direct limits, we describe the basic structure of those direct limits that do exist. A direct system in the category of Banach lattices and contractive almost interval preserving vector lattice homomorphisms has a direct limit. When the Banach lattices in the system all have order continuous norms, then so does the Banach lattice in a direct limit. This is used to show that a Banach function space over a locally compact Hausdorff space has an order continuous norm when the topologies on all compact subsets are metrisable and (the images of) the continuous compactly supported functions are dense.
description: 34 pages; minor corrections; final version; to appear in Positivity
Learning pair-wise gene functional similarity by multiplex gene expression maps
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Algorithms
Animals
Artificial Intelligence
Brain
Mice
Regression Analysis
Transcriptome

description: Background: The relationships between the gene functional similarity and gene expression profile, and between gene function annotation and gene sequence have been studied extensively. However, not much work has considered the connection between gene functions and location of a gene's expression in the mammalian tissues. On the other hand, although unsupervised learning methods have been commonly used in functional genomics, supervised learning cannot be directly applied to a set of normal genes without having a target (class) attribute.Results: Here, we propose a supervised learning methodology to predict pair-wise gene functional similarity from multiplex gene expression maps that provide information about the location of gene expression. The features are extracted from expression maps and the labels denote the functional similarities of pairs of genes. We make use of wavelet features, original expression values, difference and average values of neighboring voxels and other features to perform boosting analysis. The experimental results show that with increasing similarities of gene expression maps, the functional similarities are increased too. The model predicts the functional similarities between genes to a certain degree. The weights of the features in the model indicate the features that are more significant for this prediction.Conclusions: By considering pairs of genes, we propose a supervised learning methodology to predict pair-wise gene functional similarity from multiplex gene expression maps. We also explore the relationship between similarities of gene maps and gene functions. By using AdaBoost coupled with our proposed weak classifier we analyze a large-scale gene expression dataset and predict gene functional similarities. We also detect the most significant single voxels and pairs of neighboring voxels and visualize them in the expression map image of a mouse brain. This work is very important for predicting functions of unknown genes. It also has broader applicability since the methodology can be applied to analyze any large-scale dataset without a target attribute and is not restricted to gene expressions. © 2012 An et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.
Demonstration of MHz frequency domain multiplexing readout of 37 transition edge sensors for high-resolution x-ray imaging spectrometers
Creators: name: Akamatsu, H.
name: Vaccaro, D.
name: Gottardi, L.
name: van der Kuur, J.
name: de Vries, C. P.
name: Kiviranta, M.
name: Ravensberg, K.
name: D'Andrea, M.
name: Taralli, E.
name: de Wit, M.
name: Bruijn, M. P.
name: van der Hulst, P.
name: Hartog, R. H. den
name: van Leeuwen, B-J.
name: van der Linden, A. J.
name: McCalden, A. J
name: Nagayoshi, K.
name: Nieuwenhuizen, A. C. T.
name: Ridder, M. L.
name: Visser, S.
name: van Winden, P.
name: Gao, J. R.
name: Hoogeveen, R. W. M.
name: Jackson, B. D.
name: Herder, J-W. A. den
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the development and demonstration of a MHz frequency domain multiplexing (FDM) technology to read out arrays of cryogenic transition edge sensor (TES) X-ray microcalorimeters. In our FDM scheme, TESs are AC-biased at different resonant frequencies in the low MHz range through an array of high-$Q$ LC resonators. The current signals of all TESs are summed at superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUIDs). We have demonstrated multiplexing for a readout of 31 pixels using room temperature electronics, high-$Q$ LC filters and TES arrays developed at SRON, and SQUID arrays from VTT. We repeated this on a second setup with 37 pixels. The summed X-ray spectral resolutions $@$ 5.9 keV are $ΔE_{\rm 31 pix ~MUX}=2.14\pm0.03$ eV and $ΔE_{\rm 37 pix ~MUX}=2.23\pm0.03$ eV. The demonstrated results are comparable with other multiplexing approaches. There is potential to further improve the spectral resolution and to increase the number of multiplexed TESs, and to open up applications for TES X-ray microcalorimeters.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication on Applied physics letters
Genetic diversity and population structure of genes encoding vaccine candidate antigens of Plasmodium vivax
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Malaria
Plasmodium vivax
Vaccine candidates
Haplotypes

description: Background: A major concern in malaria vaccine development is genetic polymorphisms typically observed among Plasmodium isolates in different geographical areas across the world. Highly polymorphic regions have been observed in Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax antigenic surface proteins such as Circumsporozoite protein (CSP), Duffy-binding protein (DBP), Merozoite surface protein-1 (MSP-1), Apical membrane antigen-1 (AMA-1) and Thrombospondin related anonymous protein (TRAP). Methods. Genetic variability was assessed in important polymorphic regions of various vaccine candidate antigens in P. vivax among 106 isolates from the Amazon Region of Loreto, Peru. In addition, genetic diversity determined in Peruvian isolates was compared to population studies from various geographical locations worldwide. Results: The structured diversity found in P. vivax populations did not show a geographic pattern and haplotypes from all gene candidates were distributed worldwide. In addition, evidence of balancing selection was found in polymorphic regions of the trap, dbp and ama-1 genes. Conclusions: It is important to have a good representation of the haplotypes circulating worldwide when implementing a vaccine, regardless of the geographic region of deployment since selective pressure plays an important role in structuring antigen diversity. © 2012 Chenet et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.
Supermassive black holes in cosmological simulations II: the AGN population and predictions for upcoming X-ray missions
Creators: name: Habouzit, Melanie
name: Somerville, Rachel S.
name: Li, Yuan
name: Genel, Shy
name: Aird, James
name: Anglés-Alcázar, Daniel
name: Davé, Romeel
name: Georgiev, Iskren Y.
name: McAlpine, Stuart
name: Rosas-Guevara, Yetli
name: Dubois, Yohan
name: Nelson, Dylan
name: Bañados, Eduardo
name: Hernquist, Lars
name: Peirani, Sébastien
name: Vogelsberger, Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In large-scale hydrodynamical cosmological simulations, the fate of massive galaxies is mainly dictated by the modeling of feedback from active galactic nuclei (AGN). The amount of energy released by AGN feedback is proportional to the mass that has been accreted onto the BHs, but the exact sub-grid modeling of AGN feedback differs in all simulations. Whilst modern simulations reliably produce populations of quiescent massive galaxies at z<2, it is also crucial to assess the similarities and differences of the responsible AGN populations. Here, we compare the AGN population of the Illustris, TNG100, TNG300, Horizon-AGN, EAGLE, and SIMBA simulations. The AGN luminosity function (LF) varies significantly between simulations. Although in agreement with current observational constraints at z=0, at higher redshift the agreement of the LFs deteriorates with most simulations producing too many AGN of L_{x, 2-10 keV}~10^43-10^44 erg/s. AGN feedback in some simulations prevents the existence of any bright AGN with L_{x, 2-10 keV}>=10^45 erg/s (although this is sensitive to AGN variability), and leads to smaller fractions of AGN in massive galaxies than in the observations at z<=2. We find that all the simulations fail at producing a number density of AGN in good agreement with observational constraints for both luminous (L_{x, 2-10 keV}~10^43-10^45 erg/s) and fainter (L_{x, 2-10 keV}~10^42-10^43 erg/s) AGN, and at both low and high redshift. These differences can aid us in improving future BH and galaxy subgrid modeling in simulations. Upcoming X-ray missions (e.g., Athena, AXIS, and LynX) will bring faint AGN to light and new powerful constraints. After accounting for AGN obscuration, we find that the predicted number density of detectable AGN in future surveys spans at least one order of magnitude across the simulations, at any redshift.
description: Published in MNRAS
Dynamical Mass of the Young Substellar Companion HD 984 B
Creators: name: Franson, Kyle
name: Bowler, Brendan P.
name: Brandt, Timothy D.
name: Dupuy, Trent J.
name: Tran, Quang H.
name: Brandt, G. Mirek
name: Li, Yiting
name: Kraus, Adam L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Model-independent masses of substellar companions are critical tools to validate models of planet and brown dwarf cooling, test their input physics, and determine the formation and evolution of these objects. In this work, we measure the dynamical mass and orbit of the young substellar companion HD 984 B. We obtained new high-contrast imaging of the HD 984 system with Keck/NIRC2 which expands the baseline of relative astrometry from 3 to 8 years. We also present new radial velocities of the host star with the Habitable-Zone Planet Finder spectrograph at the Hobby-Eberly Telescope. Furthermore, HD 984 exhibits a significant proper motion difference between Hipparcos and Gaia EDR3. Our joint orbit fit of the relative astrometry, proper motions, and radial velocities yields a dynamical mass of $61 \pm 4$ $\mathrm{M_{Jup}}$ for HD 984 B, placing the companion firmly in the brown dwarf regime. The new fit also reveals a higher eccentricity for the companion ($e = 0.76 \pm 0.05$) compared to previous orbit fits. Given the broad age constraint for HD 984, this mass is consistent with predictions from evolutionary models. HD 984 B's dynamical mass places it among a small but growing list of giant planet and brown dwarf companions with direct mass measurements.
description: 23 pages, accepted to AJ