cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A human biomonitoring (HBM) Global Registry Framework: Further advancement of HBM research following the FAIR principles
Creators: name: Jeddi, Maryam Zare
name: Virgolino, Ana
name: Kolossa-Gehring, Marike
name: Fantke, Peter
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Human-Biomonitoring

description: Data generated by the rapidly evolving human biomonitoring (HBM) programmes are providing invaluable opportunities to support and advance regulatory risk assessment and management of chemicals in occupational and environmental health domains. However, heterogeneity across studies, in terms of design, terminology, biomarker nomenclature, and data formats, limits our capacity to compare and integrate data sets retrospectively (reuse). Registration of HBM studies is common for clinical trials; however, the study designs and resulting data collections cannot be traced easily. We argue that an HBM Global Registry Framework (HBM GRF) could be the solution to several of challenges hampering the (re)use of HBM (meta)data. The aim is to develop a global, host-independent HBM registry framework based on the use of harmonised open-access protocol templates from designing, undertaking of an HBM study to the use and possible reuse of the resulting HBM (meta)data. This framework should apply FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable) principles as a core data management strategy to enable the (re)use of HBM (meta)data to its full potential through the data value chain. Moreover, we believe that implementation of FAIR principles is a fundamental enabler for digital transformation within environmental health. The HBM GRF would encompass internationally harmonised and agreed open access templates for HBM study protocols, structured web-based functionalities to deposit, find, and access harmonised protocols of HBM studies. Registration of HBM studies using the HBM GRF is anticipated to increase FAIRness of the resulting (meta)data. It is also considered that harmonisation of existing data sets could be performed retrospectively. As a consequence, data wrangling activities to make data ready for analysis will be minimised. In addition, this framework would enable the HBM (inter)national community to trace new HBM studies already in the planning phase and their results once finalised. The HBM GRF could also serve as a platform enhancing communication between scientists, risk assessors, and risk managers/policy makers. The planned European Partnership for the Assessment of Risk from Chemicals (PARC) work along these lines, based on the experience obtained in previous joint European initiatives. Therefore, PARC could very well bring a first demonstration of first essential functionalities within the development of the HBM GRF. © 2021 The Authors
Femmes et micro-entreprises au Mexique : étude de cas d'une formation.
Creators: name: Peselli Hutchison, Mireille.
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Women's Studies.

description: Cette thèse a pour but de clarifier les définitions les plus courantes des micro-entreprises dirigées par des femmes (MEDF); de comprendre le débat entourant le sujet; de comparer ces entreprises à celles du secteur formel ou moderne; et d'étudier leurs difficultés et leurs fonctions dans le cadre de l'économie générale d'un pays en voie de développement (PVD). Le PVD en question est le Mexique, le contexte spécifique de l'étude est la ville de Mexico D.F., et l'étude de cas portera sur un cours de formation donné par une Organisation Non Gouvernementale (ONG) locale appelée Mujeres en Accion Sindical (MAS). La thèse cherche à analyser si les femmes qui ont suivi ce cours sont économiquement mieux établies, soit en étant salariées soit en lançant leur propre MEDF. La conclusion générale de l'étude est que le niveau de formation est important et aide les femmes dans la recherche d'un emploi; cependant, il ne peut le garantir car cet emploi ne dépend pas seulement de la formation, mais aussi d'autres variables importantes dans le contexte de Mexico D.F. Effectivement, le nombre de femmes qui travaillent après la formation du MAS est relativement faible à cause de la diversité et de l'intensité des obstacles auxquels les femmes doivent faire face pour trouver du travail, et ce, indépendamment du niveau de formation.
Multicenter Evaluation of Geometric Accuracy of MRI Protocols Used in Experimental Stroke
Creators: name: Milidonis, Xenios
name: Lennen, Ross J.
name: Jansen, Maurits A.
name: Mueller, Susanne
name: Boehm-Sturm, Philipp
name: Holmes, William M.
name: Sena, Emily S.
name: Macleod, Malcolm R.
name: Marshall, Ian
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: It has recently been suggested that multicenter preclinical stroke studies should be carried out to improve translation from bench to bedside, but the accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanners routinely used in experimental stroke has not yet been evaluated. We aimed to assess and compare geometric accuracy of preclinical scanners and examine the longitudinal stability of one scanner using a simple quality assurance (QA) protocol. Six 7 Tesla animal scanners across six different preclinical imaging centers throughout Europe were used to scan a small structural phantom and estimate linear scaling errors in all orthogonal directions and volumetric errors. Between-scanner imaging consisted of a standard sequence and each center’s preferred sequence for the assessment of infarct size in rat models of stroke. The standard sequence was also used to evaluate the drift in accuracy of the worst performing scanner over a period of six months following basic gradient calibration. Scaling and volumetric errors using the standard sequence were less variable than corresponding errors using different stroke sequences. The errors for one scanner, estimated using the standard sequence, were very high (above 4% scaling errors for each orthogonal direction, 18.73% volumetric error). Calibration of the gradient coils in this system reduced scaling errors to within ±1.0%; these remained stable during the subsequent 6-month assessment. In conclusion, despite decades of use in experimental studies, preclinical MRI still suffers from poor and variable geometric accuracy, influenced by the use of miscalibrated systems and various types of sequences for the same purpose. For effective pooling of data in multicenter studies, centers should adopt standardized procedures for system QA and in vivo imaging.
VBR traffic control in ATM networks.
Creators: name: Shan, Tong.
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Engineering, Electronics and Electrical.

description: The VBR traffic control schemes are presented with the objectives of preventing network congestion, supporting end-to-end QoS on per-connection basis, and achieving a high level of resource utilization. First, an admission control algorithm is designed for the real-time VBR Traffic, which performs better than previous ones in terms of both the network bandwidth utilization and the computational time needed. Second, two lossless MLB traffic shapers are designed that can guarantee certain requirements for shaping buffer occupancy or delay bound. Third, the statistical traffic shaping scheme is put forward, and it can achieve a higher level of resource utilization than lossless shaping. Fourth, the impact of rate-controlling on end-to-end QoS is analyzed. Fifth, the guidelines and design criteria on controlling the VBR traffic are provided based on the research results in this thesis.
Lionel Groulx, les minorités françaises et la construction de l'identité canadienne-française : étude d'histoire intellectuelle.
Creators: name: Bock, Michel.
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: History, Canadian.

description: Cette étude tente de cerner la place des minorités françaises du Canada dans l'oeuvre du prêtre-historien Lionel Groulx, l'un des principaux maîtres à penser du mouvement nationaliste canadien-français pendant la première moitié du vingtième siècle. Depuis une quarantaine d'années, la territorialisation du discours nationaliste--qui s'est recentré presque exclusivement sur le Québec--se reflète dans la production scientifique de la plupart des historiens du nationalisme canadien-français. À peu d'exceptions près, les chercheurs ont eu tendance à négliger la problématique des minorités françaises dans leurs études de la pensée de Groulx, sombrant ainsi dans une certaine forme d'anachronisme. Pourtant, le nationalisme de Groulx débordait largement le Québec et englobait les Canadiens français des autres provinces, voire les Acadiens et les Franco-Américains de la Nouvelle-Angleterre. Son idéologie était issue, d'une manière générale, de la philosophie traditionaliste qui concevait les nations d'abord et avant tout comme des communautés de langue, de culture, d'histoire et de foi engendrées par la Providence. C'était cette philosophie qui poussait Groulx à conclure que les Canadiens français avaient reçu une mission providentielle, celle d'introduire, en Amérique, le christianisme et la civilisation européenne, mission dont ils s'étaient toujours acquittés fidèlement, selon lui. En vertu de ce raisonnement, Groulx put considérer les minorités comme les «vestiges» de l'ancien Empire colonial français, ce qui leur conférait le droit de se développer conformément à leur «génie» national. La définition organique de la nation à laquelle adhérait Groulx assignait aux Canadiens français du Québec, en tant que gardiens du «foyer» de la nation, des devoirs et des responsabilités vis-à-vis de leurs «frères» des avant-postes. Groulx prit lui-même de nombreuses mesures pour favoriser le rapprochement entre Canadiens français de tout le pays. Au lendemain de la Deuxième Guerre mondiale, les jeunes historiens nationalistes, dont plusieurs étaient disciples de Groulx, cherchèrent à «moderniser» la discipline historique, à la rendre plus «scientifique». Ils bannirent donc de leur édifice conceptuel la thèse de l'intervention de la Providence dans l'histoire de la nation canadienne-française. Par conséquent, les néonationalistes croyaient trouver dans le discours sur l'objectivité scientifique la justification conceptuelle nécessaire à l'abandon des minorités françaises qui leur semblaient promises, dès lors, à la disparition. L'affrontement entre la pensée de Groulx et celle des intellectuels néonationalistes sur la question des minorités françaises illustre bien les tiraillements qui ont accompagné la mutation du discours nationaliste au lendemain de la Deuxième Guerre mondiale: d'«organique» qu'il était, celui-ci tendrait de plus en plus vers une forme territoriale.
Discovery of a strong lensing galaxy embedded in a cluster at z = 1.62
Creators: name: Wong, Kenneth C.
name: Tran, Kim-Vy H.
name: Suyu, Sherry H.
name: Momcheva, Ivelina G.
name: Brammer, Gabriel B.
name: Brodwin, Mark
name: Gonzalez, Anthony H.
name: Halkola, Aleksi
name: Kacprzak, Glenn
name: Koekemoer, Anton M.
name: Papovich, Casey J.
name: Rudnick, Gregory H.
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 510103
subject: Cosmology and extragalactic astronomy

description: We identify a strong lensing galaxy in the cluster IRC 0218 (also known as XMM-LSS J02182-05102) that is spectroscopically confirmed to be at z = 1.62, making it the highest-redshift strong lens galaxy known. The lens is one of the two brightest cluster galaxies and lenses a background source galaxy into an arc and a counterimage. With Hubble Space Telescope (HST) grism and Keck/LRIS spectroscopy, we measure the source redshift to be z S = 2.26. Using HST imaging in ACS/F475W, ACS/F814W, WFC3/F125W, and WFC3/F160W, we model the lens mass distribution with an elliptical power-law profile and account for the effects of the cluster halo and nearby galaxies. The Einstein radius is arcsec ( kpc) and the total enclosed mass is M . We estimate that the cluster environment contributes 10% of this total mass. Assuming a Chabrier initial mass function (IMF), the dark matter fraction within θE is , while a Salpeter IMF is marginally inconsistent with the enclosed mass (). The total magnification of the source is . The source has at least one bright compact region offset from the source center. Emission from Lyα and [O III] are likely to probe different regions in the source.
Placing Max Arthur Macauliffe in Context/s : Sikh Historiographical Traditions and Colonial Forms of Knowledge
Creators: name: Murphy, Anne
Publisher: name: The Journal of the Irish Society for the Academic Study of Religions
Year: 2020

description: This article pursues two interconnected inquiries into the work of M.A. Macauliffe. Firstly, the paper examines Macauliffe's work in light of general discussion in the historiography of colonial and modern South Asia regarding the relative influence of colonial forms of knowledge in the formation of South Asian subjectivities and texts in the period. This allows for understanding of the differentials in power imbedded within the ‘dialogues’ that produced texts like Macauliffe’s. The paper explores the specifics of this question by, secondly, demonstrating the ways in which Macauliffe’s work—presumably through his interaction with his interlocutors among the Sikhs and/or reading of Sikh texts—reflects existing Sikh historiographical commitments. In this, we attempt to assess the work in relation to a range of existing works in Punjabi and determine the genealogy of its creation, in Sikh historiographical terms. Assessment of these two seemingly contradictory contexts allows us to assess what was new—and what was not—in Macauliffe’s representation of the Sikh past, and how we can assess the purportedly dialogical nature of the text within a broader field of power and knowledge.
Towards cellular imaging with chemical and molecular specificity: Raman and coherent anti-Stokes Raman (CARS) microscopy
Creators: name: Noestheden, Matthew
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Chemistry, Analytical.

description: The lack of photobleaching, minimal sample heating, and high acquisition rates associated with coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) microscopy make it an attractive approach for the chemically specific in vivo imaging of dynamical processes. However, imaging capabilities are currently confined to classes of macromolecules as opposed to specific molecular targets. The use of cyano and deuterium functional group labels, which possess Raman modes in a spectral region devoid of endogenous cellular resonances, has the potential to surmount this limitation, enabling imaging with chemical and molecular specificity using CARS microscopy. Herein, cyano and deuterium vibrational modes have been incorporated into Raman and CARS contrast agents capable of mediating biomolecular modification. Application of this approach will be demonstrated using hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA and two model protein systems with the end goal of investigating dynamical aspects of HCV molecular virology in real-time in vivo using CARS microscopy. The addition of exogenous CARS labels to a biomolecule can have serious structural and functional consequences that may lead to the expression of a phenotype dictated by the effects of the modification rather than the system under investigation. Therefore, the structural and functional consequences of introducing CARS labels needed to be investigated before applying cyano and deuterium modified HCV RNA and proteins to in vivo analysis using CARS microscopy.
Integrating sex/gender into environmental health research
Creators: name: Bolte, Gabriele
name: Jacke, Katharina
name: Groth, Katrin
name: Debiak, Malgorzata
name: Kolossa-Gehring, Marike
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Geschlecht
Umwelt
Risikofaktor
Sozialökonomie
Modell

description: There is a growing awareness about the need to comprehensively integrate sex and gender into health research in order to enhance the validity and significance of research results. An in-depth consideration of differential exposures and vulnerability is lacking, especially within environmental risk assessment. Thus, the interdisciplinary team of the collaborative research project INGER (inte-grating gender into environmental health research) aimed to develop a multidimensional sex/gen-der concept as a theoretically grounded starting point for the operationalization of sex and gender in quantitative (environmental) health research. The iterative development process was based on gender theoretical and health science approaches and was inspired by previously published concepts or models of sex-and gender-related dimensions. The INGER sex/gender concept fulfills the four theoretically established prerequisites for comprehensively investigating sex and gender aspects in population health research: multidimensionality, variety, embodiment, and intersectional-ity. The theoretical foundation of INGER's multidimensional sex/gender concept will be laid out, as well as recent sex/gender conceptualization developments in health sciences. In conclusion, by building upon the latest state of research of several disciplines, the conceptual framework will significantly contribute to integrating gender theoretical concepts into (environmental) health research, improving the validity of research and, thus, supporting the promotion of health equity in the long term. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
3400680.pdf
Creators: name: Mitchell, Eric
name: Hoehler, Matthew
name: Giorgetta, Fabrizio
name: Hayden, Torrey
name: Rieker, Gregory
name: Newbury, Nathan
name: Baumann, Esther
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2018
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Manuscript pdf with correct formatting
An analysis of partitions and strata in Charles Ives's "Three Places in New England".
Creators: name: Frayne, Robert McKee.
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 1992
Subjects: subject: Music.

description: Three Places in New England contains formal partitions and strata at these partitions. The way Ives organizes musical elements at partitions reveals some of his compositional and structural techniques. This study is specifically directed towards strata in "from The Housatonic at Stockbridge." The strata may be organized according to their respective rhythmic, harmonic, or other appropriate characteristics; in other words, into individually analyzable components. The effect of stratification of musical features, especially similar cohesive features, is a characteristics "Ivesian" trademark. By focusing on partitions, and identifying strata at these points and how they are interrelated, some compositional and structural principles of Ive's style emerge. These principles, utilized by Ives, include (1) tonal reference to chords, scales and (occasionally) progressions in a highly chromatic background, (2) proportional schemes of formal organization of subdivisions within pieces (and a less structured organization of phrase lengths), and (3) the use of passages that have tendencies towards multiple and simultaneous (increased or decreased) parametric changes. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
News diversity and broadband applications: challenges for content and distribution
Creators: name: Dwyer, Tim
name: Martin, Fiona
name: Goggin, Gerard
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: While the broadband Internet may extend Australians' access to information, in this paper we argue that news diversity regulation matters more than ever in the emerging online media environment, where news applications are proliferating. Online news industry trends and research on source, exposure and content diversity indicate that media concentration should be a major policy concern for the Australian Government's Convergence Review. In light of overseas responses to declining media diversity, we outline ways in which Australia might renovate its traditional approaches to safeguarding pluralism.
Machine Learning for Anomaly Detection in Cloud Data Warehousing: Anomaly detection techniques to identify unusual activities
Creators: name: Blessing, Elisha
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 461199
subject: Machine learning not elsewhere classified

description: As organizations increasingly rely on cloud data warehousing for efficient storage and analysis of vast datasets, securing these environments against emerging cyber threats becomes paramount. This paper explores the application of machine learning techniques for proactive anomaly detection in cloud data warehousing, with a focus on identifying unusual activities. The background highlights the growing importance of cloud-based systems and the motivation behind countering rising cyber threats. The study delves into the definition of anomaly detection, emphasizing its significance in protecting sensitive data and ensuring the integrity and availability of cloud data warehousing systems. The paper provides an in-depth overview of machine learning techniques, distinguishing between supervised and unsupervised learning and emphasizing the importance of feature selection and engineering. Common machine learning algorithms such as Isolation Forests, One-Class SVM, Autoencoders, and clustering algorithms are discussed, offering insights into their applicability for anomaly detection in the cloud.
Reflections of Canada : Illuminating our opportunities and challenges at 150+ years
Creators: name: Tortell, Philippe
name: Young, Margot
name: Nemetz, Peter
Publisher: name: Peter Wall Institute for Advanced Studies, University of British Columbia
Year: 2021

description: Reflections of Canada—intelligent, passionate, provocative—is a book with opinions as diverse as Canada. Leading thinkers take a stand on some of the most pressing issues facing Canada as our country marks 150 years since Confederation. The book’s title and its content acknowledge the complexity of this anniversary: Indigenous peoples have been here long before the origins of Canada. Thus, Reflections of Canada asks Canadians to consider critically the opportunities and challenges we face as our country grapples with its history and with the world that has emerged in the twenty-first century. An original poem by Canada’s Poet Laureate leads off forty-one essays on topics as diverse as the peoples and landscapes of this country. Contributions contemplate issues among the most pressing for Canada: reconciliation with Indigenous peoples, climate change and resource use, inequality, the technological revolution, democracy, arts and culture, immigration and multiculturalism. The essays offer informed and pointed perspectives on topics that demand attention and that call for expert but also accessible commentary. Canada’s past is considered and its future contemplated, with calls for action on how Canada must proceed into the next 150 years. The written pieces are accompanied by an eclectic range of photographs selected from a national photo competition. Together, the photos and essays communicate a complex and engaging landscape of what Canada is at this point in its history. This is a book of lively, respectful, and thoughtful debate. Reflections of Canada affirms the place for public intellectual discussion of major societal questions.
An examination of recidivism in a population of Canadian sex offenders.
Creators: name: Wexler, Audrey F.
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Psychology, Behavioral.

description: This study examined estimates and predictors of recidivism of 587 convicted male sex offenders who had been assessed at the Sexual Behaviors Clinic (SBC) and who were followed over a 20 year period. Subjects were grouped into three broad categories based on the index offense: (1) 85 offenders against female adults (rapists); (2) 206 extrafamilial child molesters (CM); and (3) 295 incest offenders. Demographic information, historical variables, characteristics of the index offence, and clinical information were collected from medical records. Offense data were collected from Canadian Police Information Center (CPIC) records. The percentage of rapists, CM, and incest offenders who re-offended sexually over the 20 year period was 24.4, 22.8, and 9.8, respectively. The percentage of rapist, CM, and incest offenders that recidivated violently was 37.2, 34.0, and, 20.0, respectively. The percentage of rapists, CM, and incest offenders that committed any new offense was 56.4, and 46.1, 27.5, respectively. The CM group appeared to take the longest to re-offend sexually and violently, and seemed to be at greatest risk to reoffend 10 to 15 years following release. Offenders who committed a new sexual offence, new violent offence, or any new offence were differentiated by means of univariate analyses. Age of offender, historical criminal factors (e.g., age at first offense, history of prior offenses), and scores on the Psychopathy Checklist-Revised repeatedly differentiated between recidivists and non-recidivists. Stepwise logistic regression analysis assessed which factors were useful in predicting sexual recidivism and violent recidivism. Sexual recidivism among rapists was best predicted by never being married at time of assessment and the presence of historical charges, whereas violent recidivism was best predicted by marital status, childhood history, historical criminal charges, and psychopathy. Sexual recidivism among CM was predicted by the number of years of education, high level of force during the initial offence, arousal to deviant and violent activities with children, historical offences, and psychopathy. Violent recidivism was predicted by the age of the offender at the time of assessment, years of education, historical offences, and psychopathy. Sexual recidivism among the incest group was predicted by the offender's age, an index of his alcohol use during his index offence, and the degree of psychopathy. Violent recidivism was predicted by the combination of the offender's age, family history of alcoholism, alcohol use at time of index offence, age when criminal history began, general alcohol use, and psychopathy. Implications of findings and suggestions for future directions of sex offender research are presented.
Identifikation von Biomarkern bei renalen und vaskulären Erkrankungen
Creators: name: Aregger, Fabienne
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: acute kidney injury
subject: Marfan syndrome
subject: proteomics
subject: renal failure
subject: renal recovery
subject: biomarkers
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Der akute Nierenschaden (AKI, acute kidney injury) ist eine plötzlich auftretende Verschlechterung der glomerulären Filtrationsrate (GFR). Viele unterschiedliche Ursachen sind bekannt. Klassischerweise werden sie in prärenal, renal und postrenal eingeteilt. Seit vielen Jahren ist die Biomarker Forschung beim AKI von großem Interesse. Themen mit besonders hoher Beachtung sind die frühzeitige Diagnosestellung des AKI, die Identifkation von Ursachen des Nierenschadens und die Prognoseabschätzung. In meinen Arbeiten haben wir uns mit der Identifikation solcher Biomarker beschäftigt und dazu unter anderem difference gel electrophoresis (DIGE) als analytische Methode eingesetzt. Wir haben mit DIGE differentiell regulierte Proteine nach herzchirurgischen Operationen im Urin identifiziert, welche auf die Ursache eines Nierenschadens hinweisen. Ausserdem haben wir Marker für die Prognose des AKIs gesucht und insulin-like growth factor binding protein 7 (IGFBP-7) als neuen Biomarker für die renale Prognose identifiziert. In einer weiteren Studie zeigte sich die Kynurenin-Säure als potentieller Marker für die renale Prognose beim AKI. In einer klinischen Studie haben wir die GFR vor und nach perkutanem Aortenklappenersatz beobachtet. Dabei konnten wir feststellen, dass sich bei mehr als 50 % der Patienten die GFR nach Behebung der Aortenstenose verbesserte. Wir konnten mehrere Risikofaktoren für das Auftreten eines AKIs bei diesen Patienten identifizieren, wie den transapikale Zugang, das Auftreten einer Inflammation mit erhöhtem CRP oder erniedrigter Thrombozytenzahl sowie die Transfusion von Erythrozyten. Bei Patienten mit Aortenaneurysma aufgrund eines Marfan Syndroms haben wir mit DIGE eine erhöhte Fragmentierung von Filamin-A festgestellt. Ursache dieser Fragmentierung war eine erhöhte Aktivität der Protease Calpain-2. Zusammengefasst haben wir durch unterschiedliche Methoden Biomarker bei renalen und vaskulären Erkrankungen identifiziert.
The impact of single and pairwise Toll-like receptor activation on neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration
Creators: name: Rosenberger, Karen
name: Derkow, Katja
name: Dembny, Paul
name: Krüger, Christina
name: Schott, Eckart
name: Lehnardt, Seija
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: Background Toll-like receptors (TLRs) enable innate immune cells to respond to pathogen- and host-derived molecules. The central nervous system (CNS) exhibits most of the TLRs identified with predominant expression in microglia, the major immune cells of the brain. Although individual TLRs have been shown to contribute to CNS disorders, the consequences of multiple activated TLRs on the brain are unclear. We therefore systematically investigated and compared the impact of sole and pairwise TLR activation on CNS inflammation and injury. Methods Selected TLRs expressed in microglia and neurons were stimulated with their specific TLR ligands in varying combinations. Cell cultures were then analyzed by immunocytochemistry, FlowCytomix, and ELISA. To determine neuronal injury and neuroinflammation in vivo, C57BL/6J mice were injected intrathecally with TLR agonists. Subsequently, brain sections were analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry. Results Simultaneous stimulation of TLR4 plus TLR2, TLR4 plus TLR9, and TLR2 plus TLR9 in microglia by their respective specific ligands results in an increased inflammatory response compared to activation of the respective single TLR in vitro. In contrast, additional activation of TLR7 suppresses the inflammatory response mediated by the respective ligands for TLR2, TLR4, or TLR9 up to 24 h, indicating that specific combinations of activated TLRs individually modulate the inflammatory response. Accordingly, the composition of the inflammatory response pattern generated by microglia varies depending on the identity and combination of the activated TLRs engaged. Likewise, neuronal injury occurs in response to activation of only selected TLRs and TLR combinations in vitro. Activation of TLR2, TLR4, TLR7, and TLR9 in the brain by intrathecal injection of the respective TLR ligand into C57BL/6J mice leads to specific expression patterns of distinct TLR mRNAs in the brain and causes influx of leukocytes and inflammatory mediators into the cerebrospinal fluid to a variable extent. Also, the intensity of the inflammatory response and neurodegenerative effects differs according to the respective activated TLR and TLR combinations used in vivo. Conclusions Sole and pairwise activation of TLRs modifies the pattern and extent of inflammation and neurodegeneration in the CNS, thereby enabling innate immunity to take account of the CNS diseases’ diversity.
Measures of galaxy environment - I. What is ‘environment’?
Creators: name: Muldrew, Stuart I.
name: Croton, Darren
name: Skibba, Ramin A.
name: Pearce, Frazer R.
name: Ann, Hong Bae
name: Baldry, Ivan K.
name: Brough, Sarah
name: Choi, Yun-Young
name: Conselice, Christopher J.
name: Cowan, Nicolas B.
name: Gallazzi, Anna
name: Gray, Meghan E.
name: Grützbauch, Ruth
name: Li, I-Hui
name: Park, Changbom
name: Pilipenko, Sergey V.
name: Podgorzec, Bret J.
name: Robotham, Aaron S. G.
name: Wilman, David J.
name: Yang, Xiaohu
name: Zhang, Youcai
name: Zibetti, Stefano
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: The influence of a galaxy's environment on its evolution has been studied and compared extensively in the literature, although differing techniques are often used to define environment. Most methods fall into two broad groups: those that use nearest neighbours to probe the underlying density field and those that use fixed apertures. The differences between the two inhibit a clean comparison between analyses and leave open the possibility that, even with the same data, different properties are actually being measured. In this work, we apply 20 published environment definitions to a common mock galaxy catalogue constrained to look like the local Universe. We find that nearest-neighbour-based measures best probe the internal densities of high-mass haloes, while at low masses the interhalo separation dominates and acts to smooth out local density variations. The resulting correlation also shows that nearest-neighbour galaxy environment is largely independent of dark matter halo mass. Conversely, aperture-based methods that probe superhalo scales accurately identify high-density regions corresponding to high-mass haloes. Both methods show how galaxies in dense environments tend to be redder, with the exception of the largest apertures, but these are the strongest at recovering the background dark matter environment. We also warn against using photometric redshifts to define environment in all but the densest regions. When considering environment, there are two regimes: the 'local environment' internal to a halo best measured with nearest neighbour and 'large-scale environment' external to a halo best measured with apertures. This leads to the conclusion that there is no universal environment measure and the most suitable method depends on the scale being probed.
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)-like disease in a case of a 33-year old man with glycogenosis 1b
Creators: name: Volz, Magdalena Sarah
name: Nassir, Mani
name: Treese, Christoph
name: Winterfeld, Moritz Von
name: Plöckinger, Ursula
name: Epple, Hans-Jörg
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Background Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)-like conditions in glycogen storage disease (GSD) type Ib have been predominantly described in children. Signs and symptoms of GSD type Ib are hypoglycemia, pancytopenia and hepatosplenomegaly. Based on few published cases, there is evidence that granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) in patients with glycogenosis–related pancytopenia might ameliorate the IBD-like disease through leukocyte increase. Case presentation Here we firstly describe a case of an adult 33-year-old Caucasian male patient with GSD type Ib accompanied with IBD-like disease with persistent pancytopenia despite moderate-dose G-CSF treatment. Recent vomiting and abdominal discomfort were due to a high-grade stenosis in the transverse colon. A dose increase of the G-CSF successfully normalized his leukocyte count. However, the stenosis worsened and surgical therapy was needed. Conclusion We suggest that symptomatic patients with GSD type Ib should undergo endoscopic examination in order to detect IBD-like disease and to initiate early treatment.
Development of improved intensity measures for probabilistic seismic demand analysis
Creators: name: Lin, Lan
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Engineering, Civil.

description: Performance-Based Earthquake Engineering (PBEE) is a multidisciplinary procedure for seismic assessment of existing structures and design of new structures. One of the phases of PBEE is the determination of the mean annual frequencies of exceeding specified values of a structural response parameter (e.g., maximum interstorey drift) due to future earthquake motions. This is done using probabilistic seismic demand analysis (PSDA), which combines the seismic hazard at the location of the structure and the structural response obtained from nonlinear dynamic analysis for a selected set of earthquake records. Past research work has shown that the PSDA results depend greatly on the intensity measure used for scaling the records for the computation of the structural response. This thesis is focused on the development of new intensity measures for use in PSDA. Three reinforced concrete frame buildings (4-storey, 10-storey, and 16-storey) designed for Vancouver were used in the study. Eighty ground motion records representative of seismic motions in the Vancouver region were selected for use in the analyses. Based on comprehensive analyses of the frames of the buildings, two intensity measures designated SN1 and SN2 are proposed. The intensity measure SN1 takes into account the first mode response and the period elongation of that mode during nonlinear response. This intensity measure is intended for short-period (i.e., first mode dominated) building structures. The intensity measure S N2 takes into account the contributions of the first and second modes to the response, and is suitable for long-period buildings. It is demonstrated in the thesis that both SN1 and S N2 are superior in the prediction of structural responses relative to the intensity measure represented by the spectral acceleration at the first mode period, Sa(T1), which is currently the most used intensity measure. They are easy for use, provide reliable results, and are suitable for probabilistic seismic demand analysis of structures.
Experimental evidence of the modulation of a plane wave to oblique perturbations and generation of rogue waves in finite water depth
Creators: name: Toffoli, Alessandro
name: Fernandez, L.
name: Monbaliu, J.
name: Benoit, M.
name: Gagnaire-Renou, E.
name: Lefèvre, J. M.
name: Cavaleri, L.
name: Proment, D.
name: Pakozdi, C.
name: Stansberg, C. T.
name: Waseda, T.
name: Onorato, M.
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: We present a laboratory experiment in a large directional wave basin to discuss the instability of a plane wave to oblique side band perturbations in finite water depth. Experimental observations, with the support of numerical simulations, confirm that a carrier wave becomes modulationally unstable even for relative water depths k0h< 1.36 (with k the wavenumber of the plane wave and h the water depth), when it is perturbed by appropriate oblique disturbances. Results corroborate that the underlying mechanism is still a plausible explanation for the generation of rogue waves in finite water depth.
Reduced prevalence of placental malaria in primiparae with blood group O
Creators: name: Bedu-Addo, George
name: Gai, Prabhanjan P.
name: Meese, Stefanie
name: Eggelte, Teunis A.
name: Thangaraj, Kumarasamy
name: Mockenhaupt, Frank P.
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Background Blood group O protects African children against severe malaria and has reached high prevalence in malarious regions. However, its role in malaria in pregnancy is ambiguous. In 839 delivering Ghanaian women, associations of ABO blood groups with Plasmodium falciparum infection were examined. Methods Plasmodium falciparum infection was diagnosed in placental blood samples by microscopy and PCR assays. Present or past infection was defined as the detection of parasitaemia or haemozoin by microscopy, or a positive PCR result. Blood groups were inferred from genotyping rs8176719 (indicating the O allele) and rs8176746/rs8176747 (distinguishing the B allele from the A allele). Results The majority of women had blood group O (55.4%); present or past P. falciparum infection was seen in 62.3% of all women. Among multiparae, the blood groups had no influence on P. falciparum infection. In contrast, primiparae with blood group O had significantly less present or past infection than women with non-O blood groups (61.5 vs 76.2%, P = 0.007). In multivariate analysis, the odds of present or past placental P. falciparum infection were reduced by 45% in blood group O primiparae (aOR, 0.55 [95% CI, 0.33–0.94]). Conclusions The present study shows a clear protective effect of blood group O against malaria in primiparae. This accords with findings in severe malaria and in vitro results. The data underline the relevance of host genetic protection among primiparae, i.e. the high-risk group for malaria in pregnancy, and contribute to the understanding of high O allele frequencies in Africa.
Probing the 2-D kinematic structure of early-type galaxies out to 3 effective radii
Creators: name: Proctor, Robert N.
name: Forbes, Duncan
name: Romanowsky, Aaron J.
name: Brodie, Jean
name: Strader, Jay
name: Spolaor, Max
name: Trevor Mendel, J.
name: Spitler, Lee
name: Debattista, Victor P.
name: Popescu, C. C.
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: We detail an innovative new technique for measuring the 2-D velocity moments (rotation velocity, velocity dispersion and Gauss-Hermite coefficients h3 and h4) using spectra from Keck DEIMOS multi-object spectroscopic observations. The data are used to reconstruct 2-D rotation velocity maps.Here we present data for one of five early-type galaxies whose kinematics we have measured out to ~3 effective radii (see [1]). From these data 2D kinematic maps are constructed. We show such analyses can provide significant insights into the global kinematic structure of galaxies, and, in some cases, challenge the accepted morphological classification. Our results are of particular importance to studies which attempt to classify galaxies by their kinematic structure within one effective radius, such as the recent definition of fast- and slow- rotator classes by the SAURON project.
title: Item type and survey mode comparability
title: an analysis of measurement invariance between item response types and survey modes
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Jackson, Kayla Lynn
Publisher: name: University of Iowa
Year: 2023
Subjects: IBI
Matrix
Measurement Invariance
Online
Paper
Survey Research
public abstract

description: Prior research highlights the benefits of multimode surveys and best practices for item-by-item (IBI) and matrix-type survey items. Some researchers have explored whether mode differences for online and paper surveys persist for these survey item types. However, no studies discuss measurement invariance when both item types and online modes are used in the same study. This study uses a two-way repeated-measures design to explore whether matrix and IBI-type items can be compared across online and paper survey modes. Personality data for extraversion and conscientiousness traits yielded from four survey conditions are used in this study: 1) paper mode, IBI-type items, 2) paper mode, matrix-type items, 3) online mode, IBI-type items, and 4) online mode, matrix-type items.
description: A 2-parameter graded response model (GRM) using marginal maximum likelihood (MML) with the Gauss-Hermite quadrature rule for integral approximations was used to estimate item parameters. Analysis of item characteristic curves (ICCs) and item information curves (IICs) showed small differences in a_i and b_i parameters where the IBI paper format yielded a higher probability of endorsing more extreme responses at lower levels of conscientiousness compared to online matrix-type items. However, study results showed high internal consistency as measured by coefficient alpha values, no evidence of straightlining for any condition, and no evidence of differential item functioning (DIF) explored with an ordinal logistic regression for any items across conditions. These findings provide evidence of measurement invariance for comparisons of 5-point Likert-type, IBI and matrix-type items shown in groups of five across online and paper modes.
A Review of Corporate Social Responsibility and Its Impact on Development of India
Creators: name: Shakya, Pankaj
name: Maheshwari, Dr. Satish
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) plays a vital role in fostering sustainable development by integrating social, environmental, and economic responsibilities within business strategies. This review examines the impact of CSR initiatives on India's development, particularly in industries such as tourism and hospitality. The literature highlights CSR’s influence on corporate reputation, stakeholder trust, and financial performance while addressing challenges like inconsistent implementation and regulatory compliance. With India's legal framework mandating CSR activities, businesses are increasingly focusing on structured and measurable social contributions. The findings suggest that a well-integrated CSR approach can drive inclusive growth, enhance corporate sustainability, and contribute to national progress. Future research should explore innovative CSR models to maximize developmental impact.
Optimal detection of the support of a Poisson process
Creators: name: Elktaibi, Farid
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mathematics.

description: We address the problem of the optimal detection of the support of a Poisson process in one and two dimensions. The point process N is assumed to be distributed according to a Poisson process with intensity mu on an unobservable random set xi. In one dimension, xi = [sigma, infinity) where sigma is a change-point. In two dimensions, the boundary of xi is determined by one or more incomparable points. The goal is to detect xi in an optimal way by maximizing the expected value of a reward function. Optimal solutions are found in the one dimensional case for two different information schemes. Analytical and practical approaches are provided in the two dimensional case.
Virtual reality simulation modeling for tele-surgery and tele-haptic class of applications
Creators: name: Hossain, Abu
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Engineering, Biomedical.
subject: Engineering, Electronics and Electrical.

description: The incorporation of Haptic interfaces in Collaborative Virtual Environments (CVE) suffers from setbacks due to an inherent technical problem that occurs when the users are geographically distributed. The main causes of such discrepancies are network delay, a lack of view of individual participants' activities, and haptic feedback . Although some strategies exist for dealing with these concerns, they do not adequately address reality, causality, or the sense of co-presence in CVEs during closely coupled haptic tasks. In this thesis, an approach based on both decorators and prediction to compensate for network delays and lost updates is proposed. This approach can be used together with existing networking-level techniques and can improve the quality of collaboration as perceived by remote users. This work makes use of the SCTP protocol, which sends critical update messages reliably and normal update messages with best-effort. A history buffer and a decorator-based predictor are added to the receiving side.