cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
National survey to Portuguese Angiology and Vascular Surgery residents – Insights into the satisfaction and limitations of the residency program
Creators: name: Gouveia E Melo, Ryan
name: Machado, Marta
name: Bastos Gonçalves, Frederico
name: Pereira, Rita
name: Nogueira, Clara
name: Machado, Rui
name: Mendes Pedro, Luís
Publisher: name: Angiologia e Cirurgia Vascular
Year: 2023

description: INTRODUCTION: Vascular Surgery is a demanding specialty with vast technological and research advances in the last decades. This has led to an increasing complexity of providing adequate training programs for the modern Vascular Surgeon. Our aim was to understand the current satisfaction rates and perceived limitations of the Vascular Surgery residency program in Portugal by performing an online survey to residents. METHODS: A survey study was conducted between April and June 2021 targeting Angiology and Vascular Surgery Residents in Portugal. Residents were contacted by e-mail from the National Portuguese Society of Angiology and Vascular Surgery to answer the survey. The survey was anonymized, and all residents from the 1st to 6th year were invited to participate. The survey was carried out using the Google® Forms platform and using Portuguese language. Questions were developed with two main objectives, the first being to analyze the satisfaction rates with the current residency program and the second to understand current limitations and possible areas of improvement. RESULTS: Overall, 33 (65%) out of 51 invited residents participated in the survey, with equally distributions regarding the year of residency. Nineteen residents were male (57.6%). Most residents considered that the current one-year General Surgery rotation should be reduced and replaced by other specialties such as Radiology. Main surgical limitations were found with open aortic surgery. However, when compared to other European countries, residents considered that the main current limitation was scientific/academic training. Most residents were satisfied with their residency and felt professional fulfillment, however, most also reported having an unhealthy work-life balance and lack of time for academic and scientific research. When comparing the survey answers between younger and older residents, older residents reported more often having considered quitting and having experienced bullying or harassment. CONCLUSION: The findings from this study provide insight into the perceptions of the trainees regarding current training limitations and satisfaction rates with the residency program and may provide a base for improvement and development strategies in the residency programs in Portugal
description: Angiologia e Cirurgia Vascular, Vol. 19 No. 2 (2023): June
Fat embolism in the femoral veins
Creators: name: Cunha, Roberto
name: Silva, Manuel
name: Sousa, Pedro
name: Correia, Mafalda
name: Vieira, Isabel
name: Cássio, Isabel
name: Oiveira, Nelson
name: Dias, Emanuel
Publisher: name: Angiologia e Cirurgia Vascular
Year: 2023

description: Angiologia e Cirurgia Vascular, Vol. 19 No. 2 (2023): June
Time goals in ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm – the experience of a tertiary centre
Creators: name: Rato, João Pedro
name: Amorim, Pedro
name: Lopes, Alice
name: Gouveia E Melo, Ryan
name: Moutinho, Mariana
name: Mendes Pedro, Luís
Publisher: name: Angiologia e Cirurgia Vascular
Year: 2023

description: INTRODUCTION: Guidelines state that ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms should be treated shortly after the diagnosis and ideally within 90 minutes. The main aim of this study is to assess the referral pattern of our centre regarding the intervals between the diagnosis of ruptured AAA and the surgical repair, considering the geographical referral areas of our hospital. METHODS: We conducted an observational, retrospective cohort study from a single centre. The study population included all patients with the diagnosis of symptomatic or ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm referred to Centro Hospitalar e Universitário Lisboa Norte (CHULN) between 2012 and 2021. The moment of diagnosis was assumed to be the time of the CT angiography and the moment of treatment was assumed as the time of entering the operating room (OR). RESULTS: During the study period a total of 150 patients (90.7% men, mean age 78.3, SD 8.7) were treated. Of these, 86% presented as ruptured aneurysms while 14% presented as symptomatic aneurysms. The median time between the diagnosis and the initiation of surgical treatment was 150 (+/- 132) minutes. Only 22% of patients were treated within 90 minutes of diagnosis and this remained unchanged throughout the study period. No statistically significant difference was observed between the median time intervals registered for survivors and deceased patients at 24 hours (p = 0.907), 48 hours (p = 0.743) and 30 days (p = 0.605) post-surgery. CONCLUSION: In our study, only 22% of patients with ruptured or symptomatic abdominal aortic aneurysms are treated within the recommended time frame. Although there is no significant impact on mortality, the authors recognize unavailability of information regarding patients that died before arrival to our hospital as a relevant limitation.
description: Angiologia e Cirurgia Vascular, Vol. 19 No. 2 (2023): June
Rothamsted Research Data Management Plan: Data Assets Register
Creators: name: Ostler, Richard
name: Pino-Chandia, Loreto
name: Darch, Tegan
name: Velasquez, Silvia Melina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: data management
subject: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C18086
subject: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C115756

description: The Data Assets Register is an Excel file template developed at Rothamsted Research as a simple tool for managing all data assets generated by a research project. The template has been inspired by the NERC Full Data Management Plan. Intended Use The Data Assets Register is intended to complement a project's Data Management Plan by compiling a structured and detailed list of all data assets planned to be generated and actually generated for a project. The register captures information about the type of data asset and plans for sharing. It should be maintained throughout the project, ideally by a named Research Data Steward, and should be used by the project team to monitor planned data deliverables. Information captured The information captured is summarised below. The worksheets are designed with look-ups to allow the relationships between different types of data asset, project objectives, and utilised research infrastructures to be captured in a structured way. Research Infrastructures: A research infrastructure is any infrastructure used by the project, but is independent of the project, for example, the Rothamsted Research North Wyke Farm Platform. Activities: An activity is anything planned which generates new data, code or physical samples. Examples, can include field experiments, laboratory experiments, simulation models, community network surveys etc. Datasets: Any digital data created from an activity. A dataset may have a source which is hardcopy records, simulation model runs, other datasets, physical samples. Hardcopy Datasets: Any data recorded on paper first. Source Code: Any source code generated such as models, SQL databases, software, websites etc Physical Samples: Any physical samples collected Existing Datasets: Any institute owned or third party datasets used. For example, institute owned data generated from previous research projects or institute research infrastructures. Third party datasets includes anything not owned by the institute and used under licence, for example datasets downloaded from repositories such as Figshare, EIDC, ENA, PRIDE, BioImages, Copernicus etc, or purchased such as UKCEH Land Cover Maps. Work Packages: If the project is split into work packages these can be identified here Objectives: Identifies specific objectives, can be linked to work packages and data assets
description: Funded by UKRI Innovation Scholars: Data Science Training in Health and Bioscience call (DaSH). (MR/V038966/1).
description: {"references": ["https://www.ukri.org/publications/outline-data-management-plan-template-and-guidance/"]}
Source data presented in the manuscript from Exceptionally high respiration rates in the reactive surface layer of sediments underlying oxygen-deficient bottom waters
Creators: name: van de Velde, Sebastiaan J.
name: Hylén, Astrid
name: Eriksson, Mats
name: James, Rebecca K.
name: Kononets, Mikhail Y.
name: Robertson, Elizabeth K.
name: Hall, Per O. J.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Geochemistry
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Organic carbon (OC) burial efficiency, which relates the OC burial rate to respiration in the seafloor, is a critical parameter in the reconstruction of past marine primary productivities. The current accepted theory is that sediments underlying oxygen-deficient (anoxic) bottom waters have low respiration rates and high OC burial efficiencies. By combining novel in situ measurements in anoxic basins with reaction-transport modelling, we demonstrate that sediments underlying anoxic bottom waters have much higher respiration rates than commonly assumed. A major proportion of the carbon respiration is concentrated in the top millimeter—the so-called ‘reactive surface layer’—which is likely a feature in approximately 15% of the coastal seafloor. When re-evaluating previously published data in light of our results, we conclude that the impact of bottom-water anoxia on OC burial efficiencies in marine sediments is small. Consequently, reconstructions of past marine primary productivity in a predominantly anoxic ocean based on OC burial rates might be underestimated by up to an order of magnitude.
An unusual cause of haematuria - case report
Creators: name: Peixoto, João
name: Brandão, Pedro
name: Semião, Carolina
name: Fernandes, Luis
name: Canedo, Alexandra
Publisher: name: Angiologia e Cirurgia Vascular
Year: 2023

description: INTRODUCTION: The development of a uretero-arterial fistula (UAF) is a rare and life-threatening condition. Owing to its low prevalence, diagnosis and management remains a challenge for both urologists and vascular surgeons and UAF’s high mortality rates may be at least partially attributed to delayed diagnosis. We present a case of UAF in a patient with previous pelvic surgery and indwelling ureter catheter. CASE REPORT: An 82-year-old male presented to the emergency department with haemodynamic instability and gross haematuria that started one hour prior to admission. The laboratory study performed showed an acute anaemia of 7.5g/dl and a contrast enhanced computed tomography revealed a ureteral fistula betweenthe stented left ureter and the common iliac artery. The patient was taken to the angiography suit and a balloon- expandable stent-graft (GORE® VIABAHN® VBX – 11mm diameter and 59mm in length) was deployed. Following the procedure, the haematuria resolved, and the patient had an uneventful post-operative stay. He was discharged two weeks after admission, following a course of large spectrum antibiotic therapy. The patient remained asymptomatic at 3 month follow up. CONCLUSIONS: Uretero-arterial fistula is an uncommon condition but with an increasing prevalence, at least in part due to improved pelvic cancer treatment.
description: Angiologia e Cirurgia Vascular, Vol. 19 No. 2 (2023): June
Low-temperature-compatible tunneling-current-assisted scanning microwave microscope utilizing a rigid coaxial resonator
Creators: name: Takahashi, Hideyuki
name: imai, yoshinori
name: Maeda, Atsutaka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a design for a tunneling-current-assisted scanning near-field microwave microscope. For stable operation at cryogenic temperatures, making a small and rigid microwave probe is important. Our coaxial resonator probe has a length of approxomately 30 mm and can fit inside the 2-inch bore of a superconducting magnet. The probe design includes an insulating joint, which separates DC and microwave signals without degrading the quality factor. By applying the SMM to the imaging of an electrically inhomogeneous superconductor, we obtain the spatial distribution of the microwave response with a spatial resolution of approximately 200 nm. Furthermore, we present an analysis of our SMM probe based on a simple lumped-element circuit model along with the near-field microwave measurements of silicon wafers having different conductivities.
Doença Quística Adventicial Venosa – O Que Sabemos?
Creators: name: Peixoto, João
name: Brandão, Pedro
name: Castro-Ferreira, Ricardo
name: Semião, Carolina
name: Fernandes, Luis
name: Machado, Marta
name: Basilio, Francisco
name: Canedo, Alexandra
Publisher: name: Angiologia e Cirurgia Vascular
Year: 2023

description: INTRODUÇÃO: A doença quística adventicial é uma patologia que afeta principalmente o leito arterial, porém, em raros casos pode envolver o sistema venoso. O objetivo desta revisão foi padronizar a marcha diagnóstica, tratamento e vigilância de doentes com suspeita de doença quística adventicial venosa. MÉTODO: Para cumprir os objetivos supracitados, uma revisão narrativa sumarizando os principais achados da literatura usando as bases de dados PUBMED e EMBASE foi feita. RESULTADOS: Um total de 33 artigos foram selecionados traduzindo-se num total de 41 casos de vACD. Após analise dos dados, foi possível concluir que o vaso mais frequentemente atingido é a veia femoral comum, e a maior parte dos doentes refere edema unilateral de membro com tempo de evolução variável. Quando perante um doente com edema unilateral de membro, em que a TVP foi excluída, é necessário proceder a outros meios complementares de diagnóstico de forma a confirmar, ou excluir, a vACD.
description: Angiologia e Cirurgia Vascular, Vol. 19 No. 2 (2023): June
A low-metallicity massive contact binary undergoing slow Case A mass transfer: A detailed spectroscopic and orbital analysis of SSN 7 in NGC 346 in the SMC
Creators: name: Rickard, M. J.
name: Pauli, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Most massive stars are believed to be born in close binary systems where they can exchange mass, which impacts the evolution of both binary components. Their evolution is of great interest in the search for the progenitors of gravitational waves. However, there are unknowns in the physics of mass transfer as observational examples are rare, especially at low metallicity. Nearby low-metallicity environments are particularly interesting hunting grounds for interacting systems as they act as the closest proxy for the early universe where we can resolve individual stars. Using multi-epoch spectroscopic data, we complete a consistent spectral and orbital analysis of the early-type massive binary SSN 7 hosting a ON If$^\ast$+O5.5 V((f)) star. Using these detailed results, we constrain an evolutionary scenario that can help us to understand binary evolution in low metallicity. We were able to derive reliable radial velocities of the two components from the multi-epoch data, which were used to constrain the orbital parameters. The spectroscopic data covers the UV, optical, and near-IR, allowing a consistent analysis with the stellar atmosphere code, PoWR. Given the stellar and orbital parameters, we interpreted the results using binary evolutionary models. The two stars in the system have comparable luminosities of ${\log (L_1/L_{\odot}) = 5.75}$ and ${\log (L_2/L_{\odot}) = 5.78}$ for the primary and secondary, respectively, but have different temperatures (${T_1=43.6\,\mathrm{kK}}$ and ${T_2=38.7\,\mathrm{kK}}$). The primary ($32\,M_{\odot}$) is less massive than the secondary ($55\,M_{\odot}$), suggesting mass exchange. The mass estimates are confirmed by the orbital analysis. The revisited orbital period is $3\,\mathrm{d}$. Our evolutionary models also predict mass exchange. Currently, the system is a contact binary undergoing a slow Case A phase, making it the most massive [Abridged]
description: 20 pages
title: Metal-organic framework-based materials for photoelectrochemical water-splitting
Creators: name: Gross, Susanne
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Metallorganische Gerüste
subject: Kupferoxid
subject: Photoelektrochemische Wasserspaltung
subject: Metalorganic Frameworks
subject: cuprous oxide
subject: photoelectrochemical water-splitting

description: The increasing demand for energy coupled with environmental issues, encourages researchers to look out for renewable and particularly green alternatives to traditional fossil fuels. Photoelectrochemical (PEC) water-splitting demonstrates a promising route to produce hydrogen as a zero-emission energy carrier in a green manner [1]. In this regard, the exploration of proper photo-active materials to construct PEC cells, as well as finding suitable co-catalysts, is of great interest. Among potential materials for PEC water-splitting applications, p-type cuprous oxide (Cu2O) has been intensively studied due to its suitable band energy position, earth abundance, and low toxicity [2]. However, established techniques such as atomic layer deposition (ALD) to produce highly efficient Cu2O-based PEC cells are costly and not commercially applicable[3]. Therefore, more commercially viable Cu2O preparation methods need to be studied, for instance, the electrochemical deposition technique. Furthermore, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) - a unique class of crystalline, porous materials recognized for their enhanced specific surface area and catalytic abilities - are investigated for their application in PEC watersplitting[2, 4].The aim of this thesis is to explore the photo-cathodic behavior of cuprous oxide (Cu2O),its enhancement in PEC performance using additional overlayers (metal oxides and polymerbased),and particularly to create a unique combination with a copper-based metal-organicframework, namely Cu-BDCNH2. Cuprous oxide was deposited on glass/Au and ITO via ECD(electrochemical deposition) in a common three-electrode set-up to yield cuprous oxide-basedphoto-cathodes. As the synthesis of this MOF has not been implemented yet to the best of our knowledge, various settings and conditions have been tested to allow the growth of a continuousMOF layer onto the Cu2O substrate film. To do so, other works of literature were used asstarting points and adapted accordingly. Afterward, the obtained Cu2O/MOF system wastested and analyzed through various methods (XRD, FTIR, XPS, SEM, EDS) and comparedto existing literature. By combining MOF and Cu2O, it was ultimately possible to achieve aphoto-current density of 1.5 mA/cm2 without the need for an additional co-catalyst.
Uma disseção muito complicada: um caso clínico
Creators: name: Tavares, Carolina
name: Pinto, Vanda
name: Figueiredo, Adriana
name: Fidalgo, Helena
name: Alves, Gonçalo
name: Garcia, Ana Catarina
name: Ferreira, Maria Emília
Publisher: name: Angiologia e Cirurgia Vascular
Year: 2023

description: INTRODUÇÃO: A disseção aórtica aguda tipo B (DAAB) é uma síndrome aórtica aguda que apresenta elevada taxa de mortalidade. Atualmente, na fase aguda, preconiza-se o tratamento médico nos casos de DAAB não complicada, ficando a cirurgia reservada para os casos de DAAB complicada (rutura, síndrome de malperfusão, dor/hipertensão ref ratária, expansão rápida ou progressão proximal/distal). A cirurgia endovascular, por apresentar taxas de morbi-mortalidade francamente inferiores à cirurgia aberta, está recomendada sempre que possível. CASO CLÍNICO: Apresentamos um caso de DAAB complicada de falso aneurisma, rotura e malperfusão visceral, submetida de urgência a tratamento endovascular (TEVAR + PETTICOAT) e drenagem torácica. O pós-operatório foi complicado de AVC isquémico do hemisfério direito, com recuperação quase completa dos défices durante o internamento. A angio-TC de controlo, aos 2 meses, mostrou exclusão do falso aneurisma, expansão do verdadeiro lúmen (com adequada perfusão das artérias viscerais) e trombose parcial do falso lúmen (exceto em focos de preenchimento retrógrado à custa de artérias lombares e intercostais).
description: Angiologia e Cirurgia Vascular, Vol. 19 No. 2 (2023): June
Neutron star mass limit at $2M_\odot$ supports the existence of a CEP
Creators: name: Alvarez-Castillo, D.
name: Benic, S.
name: Blaschke, D.
name: Han, Sophia
name: Typel, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We point out that the very existence of a "horizontal branch" in the mass-radius characteristics for neutron stars indicates a strong first-order phase transition and thus supports the existence of a critical endpoint (CEP) of first order phase transitions in the QCD phase diagram. This branch would sample a sequence of hybrid stars with quark matter core, leading to the endpoint of stable compact star configurations with the highest possible baryon densities. Since we know of the existence of compact stars with $2M_\odot$, this hypothetical branch has to lie in the vicinity of this mass value, if it exists. We report here a correlation between the maximal radius of the horizontal branch and the pressure at the onset of hadron-to-quark matter phase transition which is likely to be a universal quantity of utmost relevance to the upcoming experiments with heavy-ion collisions at NICA and FAIR.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in Eur. Phys. J. A
High Resolution Observations of HI in the IC 63 Reflection Nebula
Creators: name: Bonne, L.
name: Andersson, B-G
name: Minchin, R.
name: Soam, A.
name: Yaldaei, J.
name: Kulas, K.
name: Karoly, J.
name: Knee, L. B. G.
name: Kumar, S.
name: Roy, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Photodissociation regions (PDRs), where the (far-)ultraviolet light from hot young stars interact with the gas in surrounding molecular clouds, provide laboratories for understanding the nature and role of feedback by star formation on the interstellar medium. While the general nature of PDRs is well understood - at least under simplified conditions - the detailed dynamics and chemistry of these regions, including gas clumping, evolution over time etc. can be very complex. We present interferometric observations of the 21 cm atomic hydrogen line, combined with [CII] 158 $μ$m observations, towards the nearby reflection nebula IC 63. We find a clumpy HI structure in the PDR, and a ring morphology for the HI emission at the tip of IC 63. We further unveil kinematic substructure, of the order of 1~km~s$^{-1}$, in the PDR layers and several legs that will disperse IC 63 in $<$0.5 Myr. We find that the dynamics in the PDR explain the observed clumpy HI distribution and lack of a well-defined HI/H$_{2}$ transition front. However, it is currently not possible to conclude whether HI self-absorption (HISA) and non-equilibrium chemistry also contribute to this clumpy morphology and missing HI/H$_{2}$ transition front.
description: 13 pages, 12 figures, accepted in AJ
Transport planning beyond infrastructural change: an empirical analysis of transport planning practices in the Rhine-Main region in Germany
Creators: name: Quentin, Paula
name: Buscher, Jost
name: Eltner, Thomas
Publisher: name: TU Dortmund
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Transport transition
subject: Transport planning
subject: Planning practices
subject: Sustainable transport
subject: Urban mobility
subject: Practice theory
subject: 710

description: The transport system in Germany is characterised by a dominance of individual automobility. Acknowledging the necessity of a transition in the transport sector towards a more equal and sustainable transport system, the paper takes a closer look at how local and regional transport planning actually responds to the demands of the transition. Following a practice theoretical approach, the empirical analysis of local and regional transportation planning in the Rhine-Main region aims at an understanding of planning actions that go beyond infrastructural and technological change. Based on document analysis and interviews, the analysis highlights spatial and material changes promoted by transport planning, normative aims, and assumptions followed by transport planning and skills and competencies supporting transport planning in the Rhine-Main region. The paper identifies two overarching transport planning practices that shape the way the transport transition is addressed in the Rhine-Main region: the expansion of sustainable transport networks and the redistribution of road space. The empirical results are discussed with regard to the potential for change in local and regional transport planning.
description: Sustainability;15(13)
Parallel grafting technique for a complex zone 6 aortic pseudoaneurysm treatment
Creators: name: Azevedo Mendes, Daniel
name: Machado, Rui
name: Pereira, Carlos
name: Castro, João
name: Almeida, Rui
Publisher: name: Angiologia e Cirurgia Vascular
Year: 2023

description: INTRODUCTION: Endovascular reconstruction of the thoracoabdominal aorta is highly complex due to the need to preserve the main visceral branches. Optimal treatment with fenestrated and branched aneurysm aortic repair (F/B-EVAR) is usually not possible in urgent situations. Parallel grafting technique as an “off-the-shelf” solution have been described with good short and medium-term results. CASE REPORT: A 44-year-old male, born in Guinea Bissau, presents to the emergency department with epigastric pain radiating to the dorsum. The patient had a history of large vessel vasculitis secondary to Bechet’s disease (HLA B51 allele positivity) and previous thoracic aneurysm aortic repair (TEVAR) to treat a paraceliac aortic pseudoaneurysm. Computed tomography angiography (CTA) demonstrated a pseudoaneurysm with approximately 10 cm diameter at zone 6 immediately distal to the previous endoprosthesis. The pseudoaneurysm was excluded with a parallel grafting technique using a 31mm aortic endoprosthesis with a periscope graft for the right renal artery in a “sandwich-like” configuration and a chimney graft for the superior mesenteric artery (SMA). Postoperative CTA confirmed the exclusion of the pseudoaneurysm and permeable bridging stents. CONCLUSION: The pathology of the thoracoabdominal aorta is technically demanding, requiring experience and detailed planning. The complexity increases in emergency cases. Our case highlights that the parallel grafting technique should be encouraged in life-threatening scenarios as a readily available solution for complex aortic repair, even in a reconstructed aorta.
description: Angiologia e Cirurgia Vascular, Vol. 19 No. 2 (2023): June
title: Tire wear particles in the air
title: Measurement and analysis of particles from tire abrasion in the air
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Heuer, Géraldine
Publisher: name: Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB)
Year: 2023
Subjects: microplastic
rubber
Sigma-2 passiv sampler
tire wear
environment
pollution
micro particles

description: This research aims to investigate if plastic particles can spread through the air. The focus was on tire abrasion particles. The particles were collected at three separate locations at different distances from a road for five months and analysed by light microscopy. The conclusion is that tire abrasion particles spread through the air and that the weather influences the dispersion of the particles.
description: Junge Wissenschaft. Paper 05/2023
description: In der Jungen Wissenschaft werden Forschungsarbeiten von Schüler/innen, die selbstständig, z.B. in einer Schule oder einem Schülerforschungszentrum, durchgeführt wurden, veröffentlicht.
Recollision as a probe of magnetic field effects in non-sequential double ionization
Creators: name: Emmanouilidou, A.
name: Meltzer, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fully accounting for non-dipole effects in the electron dynamics, double ionization is studied for He driven by a near-infrared laser field and for Xe driven by a mid-infrared laser field. Using a three-dimensional semiclassical model, the average sum of the electron momenta along the propagation direction of the laser field is computed. This sum is found to be an order of magnitude larger than twice the average electron momentum along the propagation direction of the laser field in single ionization. Moreover, the average sum of the electron momenta in double ionization is found to be maximum at intensities smaller than the intensities satisfying previously predicted criteria for the onset of magnetic field effects. It is shown that strong recollisions are the reason for this unexpectedly large value of the sum of the momenta along the direction of the magnetic component of the Lorentz force.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
title: Plastik in der Vogelnahrung
title: Untersuchung von Gewöllen von Weißstörchen, Eulen und Greifvögeln auf Plastik
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Höcherl, Armin
name: Weiland, Nikolaus
Publisher: name: Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB)
Year: 2023
Subjects: Plastikverschmutzung
Speiballen
Gewölle
Weißstorch
Greifvogel
Schleiereule

description: Dass Vögel, die am Meer leben, Plastik als Nahrung zu sich nehmen, ist bekannt. Doch wie ist es bei Vögeln, die weit entfernt vom Meer leben? Um dies zu untersuchen, wurden unverdaute Speisereste, Gewölle, die zahlreiche Vogelarten nach der Nahrungsaufnahme auswürgen, gesammelt und seziert. In etwa einem Fünftel der Storchengewölle konnte Plastik nachgewiesen werden.
description: Junge Wissenschaft. Paper 04/2023
description: In der Jungen Wissenschaft werden Forschungsarbeiten von Schüler/innen, die selbstständig, z.B. in einer Schule oder einem Schülerforschungszentrum, durchgeführt wurden, veröffentlicht.
Random sequential adsorption of aligned regular polygons and rounded squares: Transition in the kinetics of packing growth
Creators: name: Cieśla, Michał
name: Kubala, Piotr
name: Moud, Aref Abbasi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study two-dimensional random sequential adsorption (RSA) of flat polygons and rounded squares aligned in parallel to find a transition in the asymptotic behavior of the kinetics of packing growth. Differences in the kinetics for RSA of disks and parallel squares were confirmed in previous analytical and numerical reports. Here, by analyzing the two classes of shapes in question we can precisely control the shape of packed figures and thus localize the transition. Additionally, we study how the asymptotic properties of the kinetics depend on the packing size. We also provide accurate estimations of saturated packing fractions. The microstructural properties of generated packings are analyzed in terms of the density autocorrelation function.
description: 7 pages, 9 figures
On the Power-Law Distributions of X-ray Fluxes from Solar Flares Observed with GOES
Creators: name: Li, You-ping
name: Feng, Li
name: Zhang, Ping
name: Liu, Siming
name: Gan, Weiqun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Power-law frequency distributions of the peak flux of solar flare X-ray emission have been studied extensively and attributed to a system of self-organized criticality (SOC). In this paper, we first show that, so long as the shape of the normalized light curve is not correlated with the peak flux, the flux histogram of solar flares also follows a power-law distribution with the same spectral index as the power-law frequency distribution of the peak flux, which may partially explain why power-law distributions are ubiquitous in the Universe. We then show that the spectral indexes of the histograms of soft X-ray fluxes observed by GOES satellites in two different energy channels are different: the higher energy channel has a harder distribution than the lower energy channel, which challenges the universal power-law distribution predicted by SOC models and implies a very soft distribution of thermal energy content of plasmas probed by the GOES. The temperature ($T$) distribution, on the other hand, approaches a power-law distribution with an index of 2 for high values of $T$. Application of SOC models to statistical properties of solar flares needs to be revisited.
description: 6 figures, to appear on RAA
High-Speed Magnetoresistive Random-Access Memory Random Number Generator Using Error-Correcting Code
Creators: name: Tanamoto, Tetsufumi
name: Shimomura, Naoharu
name: Ikegawa, Sumio
name: Matsumoto, Mari
name: Fujita, Shinobu
name: Yoda, Hiroaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A high-speed random number generator (RNG) circuit based on magnetoresistive random-access memory (MRAM) using an error-correcting code (ECC) post processing circuit is presented. ECC post processing increases the quality of randomness by increasing the entropy of random number. { We experimentally show that a small error-correcting capability circuit is sufficient for this post processing. It is shown that the ECC post processing circuit powerfully improves the quality of randomness with minimum overhead, ending up with high-speed random number generation. We also show that coupling with a linear feedback shift resistor is effective for improving randomness
description: 5 pages, 11 figures
Suppression of Vertical Oscillation and Observation of Flux Improvement during Top-up Injection at PLS-II
Creators: name: Son, Y-G.
name: Kim, J. -Y.
name: Mitsuda, C.
name: Kobayashi, K.
name: Ko, J.
name: Lee, T-Y.
name: Choi, J-Y.
name: Kim, D-E.
name: Seo, H-S.
name: Han, H-S.
name: Park, K-S.
name: Shin, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper reports a start-to-end study of suppression of stored beam oscillation at PLS-II. We report that the fast counter-kicker implemented in PLS-II suppressed vertical oscillation of the stored beam. During top-up injection in the magnetic spectroscopy beamline of PLS-II, the stored beam oscillation was suppressed by a factor of nine, and flux was improved by a factor of three.
description: 13 pages
Cloud-Aware Web Service Security: Information Hiding in Cloud Computing
Creators: name: Otieno, Okal Christopher
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This study concerns the security challenges that the people face in the usage and implementation of cloud computing. Despite its growth in the past few decades, this platform has experienced different challenges. They all arise from the concern of data safety that the nature of sharing in the cloud presents. This paper looks to identify the benefits of using a cloud computing platform and the issue of information security. The paper also reviews the concept of information hiding and its relevance to the cloud. This technique has two ways about it that impact how people use cloud computing in their organizations and even for personal implementations. First it presents the potential to circulate harmful information and files that can adversely affect the data those users upload on those platforms. It is also the basis of the strategies such as steganalysis and cryptographic storage architecture that are essential for data security.
description: 5 Pages
Ab initio Description of Optoelectronic Properties at Defective Interfaces in Solar Cells
Creators: name: Czaja, Philippe
name: Celino, Massimo
name: Giusepponi, Simone
name: Gusso, Michele
name: Aeberhard, Urs
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In order to optimize the optoelectronic properties of novel solar cell architectures, such as the amorphous-crystalline interface in silicon heterojunction devices, we calculate and analyze the local microscopic structure at this interface and in bulk a-Si:H, in particular with respect to the impact of material inhomogeneities. The microscopic information is used to extract macroscopic material properties, and to identify localized defect states, which govern the recombination properties encoded in quantities such as capture cross sections used in the Shockley-Read-Hall theory. To this end, atomic configurations for a-Si:H and a-Si:H/c-Si interfaces are generated using molecular dynamics. Density functional theory calculations are then applied to these configurations in order to obtain the electronic wave functions. These are analyzed and characterized with respect to their localization and their contribution to the (local) density of states. GW calculations are performed for the a-Si:H configuration in order to obtain a quasi-particle corrected absorption spectrum. The results suggest that the quasi-particle corrections can be approximated through a scissors shift of the Kohn-Sham energies.
description: 14 pages, 10 figures, to appear in Springer Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Proceedings of the JHPCS16 conference
Injection to rapid diffusive shock acceleration at perpendicular shocks in partially ionized plasmas
Creators: name: Ohira, Yutaka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a three-dimensional hybrid simulation of a collisionless perpendicular shock in a partially ionized plasma for the first time. In this simulation, the shock velocity and the upstream ionization fraction are Vsh ~ 1333 km/s and fi ~ 0.5, that are typical values for isolated young supernova remnants in the interstellar medium. We confirm previous two-dimensional simulation results that downstream hydrogen atoms leak into the upstream region, they are accelerated by the pickup process in the upstream region, and large magnetic field fluctuations are generated both in the upstream and downstream regions. In addition, we find that the magnetic field fluctuations have three-dimensional structures and the leaking hydrogen atoms are injected to the diffusive shock acceleration at the perpendicular shock after the pickup process. The observed diffusive shock acceleration can be interpreted as the shock drift acceleration with scattering. Particles are accelerated to v ~ 100 Vsh ~ 0.3c within ~ 100 gyroperiods in this simulation. The acceleration time scale is faster than that of the diffusive shock acceleration in parallel shocks. Our simulation results suggest that supernova remnants can accelerate cosmic rays to 10^{15.5} eV (the knee) during the Sedov phase.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Implementing a Universal Gate Set on a Logical Qubit Encoded in an Oscillator
Creators: name: Heeres, Reinier W.
name: Reinhold, Philip
name: Ofek, Nissim
name: Frunzio, Luigi
name: Jiang, Liang
name: Devoret, Michel H.
name: Schoelkopf, Robert J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A logical qubit is a two-dimensional subspace of a higher dimensional system, chosen such that it is possible to detect and correct the occurrence of certain errors. Manipulation of the encoded information generally requires arbitrary and precise control over the entire system. Whether based on multiple physical qubits or larger dimensional modes such as oscillators, the individual elements in realistic devices will always have residual interactions which must be accounted for when designing logical operations. Here we demonstrate a holistic control strategy which exploits accurate knowledge of the Hamiltonian to manipulate a coupled oscillator-transmon system. We use this approach to realize high-fidelity (99%, inferred), decoherence-limited operations on a logical qubit encoded in a superconducting cavity resonator using four-component cat states. Our results show the power of applying numerical techniques to control linear oscillators and pave the way for utilizing their large Hilbert space as a resource in quantum information processing.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
CONFLUENCE MIXING: SUPPORTING INFORMATION
Creators: name: Sukhodolov, Alexander
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: This document contains supporting information for a planned research project “Confluence mixing: near-field hydrodynamic controls of the intermodal behavior and their implications for fish ecology (CofeMix+)” by Alexander Sukhodolov, Christian Wolter and Quinn Lewis (DFG SU405/11).
The TULIP project : first on-line result and near future
Creators: name: Bosquet, V.
name: Jardin, P.
name: MacCormick, M.
name: Michel, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The TULIP project aims to produce radioactive ion beams of short-lived neutron-deficient isotopes by using fusion-evaporation reactions in an optimized Target Ion Source System (TISS). The first step consisted of the design of a TISS to produce rubidium isotopes. It was tested with a primary beam of $^{22}$Ne@4.5 MeV/A irradiating a natural Ni target at the SPIRAL1/GANIL facility in March 2022. Rates of $^{76,78}$Rb were measured as well as an exceptionally short atom-to-ion transformation time for an ISOL system, of the order of 200 $\mathrm{\micro}$s. The second step of the project aims at producing neutron-deficient short-lived metallic isotopes in the region of $^{100}$Sn. A "cold" prototype has been realized to study the electron impact ionization in the TISS cavity and a "hot" version is under construction to prepare an on-line experiment expected in the near future.
Pseudospin 3/2 Fermions, Type-II Weyl Semimetals and Critical Weyl Semimetals in Tricolor Cubic Lattice
Creators: name: Ezawa, Motohiko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Multi-band touchings such as 3-band, 6-band and 8-band touchings together with the emergence of high pseudospin fermions were predicted recently at high-symmetry points in three-dimensional space. In this paper, we propose a simple cubic model whose unit cell contains three atoms. There are 6 bands in the system due to the spin degrees of freedom. The 4-band and 2-band touchings are realized at high-symmetry points, where we derive low-energy theories, demonstrating the emergence of pseudospin-3/2 fermions and Weyl fermions, respectively. Away from the high-symmetry points, we find critical Weyl fermions present exactly at the boundary between the type-I and type-II Weyl fermions. This critical Weyl fermion transforms into the type-I or type-II Weyl fermion once the magnetic field is applied.
description: 5 pages, 6 figures
Measuring the Effect of CMMI Quality Standard on Agile Scrum Model
Creators: name: Hayat, Munawar
name: Qureshi, M. Rizwan Jameel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Agile development gets more appreciation from the market due to the flexible nature and more productivity. Among the Agile processes, Scrum gives better management of the processes, which are practiced in an organization. Though Scrum process model have several features and strengths but it still lacks in management and quality. This research deals with the improvement of Scrum processes for better management and to improve the quality of the software using the infusion of different practices from internationally renowned quality standards. Survey is used to validate the proposed framework. Statistical analysis shows that the proposed research has a profound effect on Scrum model to develop high quality software.
description: 7 Pages
On the proper push-forward of the characteristic cycle of a constructible sheaf
Creators: name: Saito, Takeshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14F20

description: We study the compatibility with proper push-forward of the characteristic cycles of a constructible complex on a smooth variety over a perfect field.
description: 9 pages. This article is a new version of the first part of "Notes on the characteristic cycle of a constructible sheaf" arXiv:1603.07865 which has been withdrawn
The luminosity function of TDEs from fallback-powered emission: implications for the black hole mass function
Creators: name: Coughlin, Eric R.
name: Nicholl, Matt
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Tidal disruption events (TDEs), in which a star is destroyed by the gravitational field of a supermassive black hole (SMBH), are being observed at a high rate owing to the advanced state of survey science. One of the properties of TDEs that is measured with increasing statistical reliability is the TDE luminosity function, $d\dot{N}_{\rm TDE}/dL$, which is the TDE rate per luminosity (i.e., how many TDEs are within a given luminosity range). Here we show that if the luminous emission from a TDE is directly coupled to the rate of return of tidally destroyed debris to the SMBH, then the TDE luminosity function is in good agreement with observations and scales as $\propto L^{-2.5}$ for high luminosities, provided that the SMBH mass function $dN_{\bullet}/dM_{\bullet}$ -- the number of SMBHs ($N_{\bullet}$) per SMBH mass ($M_{\bullet}$) -- is approximately flat in the mass range over which we observe TDEs. We also show that there is a cutoff in the luminosity function at low luminosities that is a result of direct captures, and this cutoff has been tentatively observed. If $dN_{\bullet}/dM_{\bullet}$ is flat, which is in agreement with some observational campaigns, these results suggest that the fallback rate feeds the accretion rate in TDEs. Contrarily, if $dN_{\bullet}/d\log M_{\bullet}$ is flat, which has been found theoretically and is suggested by other observational investigations, then the emission from TDEs is likely powered by another mechanism. Future observations and more TDE statistics, provided by the Rubin Observatory/LSST, will provide additional evidence as to the reality of this tension.
description: 7 pages, 1 figure, ApJL accepted
Characteristic cycle of the exterior product of constructible sheaves
Creators: name: Saito, Takeshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14F20

description: We show that the characteristic cycle of the exterior product of constructible complexes is the exterior product of the characteristic cycles of factors. This implies the compatibility of characteristic cycles with smooth pull-back which is a first step in the proof of the index formula.
description: 9 pages. This article is a new version of the second part of "Notes on the characteristic cycle of a constructible sheaf" arXiv:1603.07865 which has been withdrawn