cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Three dimensional super-resolution in metamaterial slab lenses
Creators: name: Mesa, F.
name: Marques, R.
name: Freire, M.
name: Baena, J. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This letter presents a theoretical and experimental study on the viability of obtaining three dimensional super-resolution (i.e. resolution overcoming the diffraction limit for all directions in space) by means of metamaterial slab lenses. Although the source field cannot be actually reproduced at the back side of the lens with super-resolution in all space directions, the matching capabilities of metamaterial slabs does make it possible the detection of images with three-dimensional super-resolution. This imaging takes place because of the coupling between the evanescent space harmonic components of the field generated at both the source and the detector.
description: 4 pages, 6 figures, submmited to Phys. Rev
Infrared-suppressed QCD coupling and the hadronic contribution to muon g-2
Creators: name: Cvetic, Gorazd
name: Kogerler, Reinhart
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A variant of QCD with the coupling suppressed in the infrared (IR) regime, as suggested by large-volume lattice calculations of the Landau-gauge gluon and ghost dressing functions, is considered. The coupling is further restricted by the condition of approximate coincidence with perturbative QCD in the high momentum regime, and by the $τ$-lepton semihadronic decay rate in the intermediate momentum regime, the rate which is evaluated by a renormalon-motivated resummation method. The obtained coupling turns out to be free of Landau singularities. The $D=4,6$ condensate values of the Adler function are then extracted by application of the Borel sum rules to the OPAL and ALEPH (V+A)-channel data of $τ$-decay, and the corresponding V-channel condensate values are deduced as well. We then show that the correct value of the hadronic vacuum polarization contribution to the muon anomalous magnetic moment, $a_μ^{\rm had(1)}$, is reproduced by regularizing the $D=4,6$ OPE terms in the V-channel Adler function with IR-regularization masses ${\cal M}_{D/2} \lesssim 1 \ {\rm GeV}$, suggesting the internal consistency of the presented QCD framework.
description: 14 pages, 5 Figures, published in J.Phys.G
A scheme for quantum-logic based transfer of accuracy in polarizability measurement for trapped ions using a moving optical lattice
Creators: name: Wolf, Fabian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Optical atomic clocks based on trapped ions suffer from systematic frequency shifts of the clock transition due to interaction with blackbody radiation from the environment. These shifts can be compensated if the blackbody radiation spectrum and the differential dynamic polarizability is known to a sufficient precision. Here, we present a new measurement scheme, based on quantum logic that allows a direct transfer of precision for polarizability measurements from one species to the other. This measurement circumvents the necessity of calibrating laser power below the percent level, which is the limitation for state-of-the-art polarizability measurements in trapped ions. Furthermore, the presented technique allows to reference the polarizability transfer to hydrogen-like ions for which the polarizability can be calculated with high precision.
Critical Theory for the Breakdown of Photon Blockade
Creators: name: Curtis, Jonathan B.
name: Boettcher, Igor
name: Young, Jeremy T.
name: Maghrebi, Mohammad F.
name: Carmichael, Howard
name: Gorshkov, Alexey V.
name: Foss-Feig, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Photon blockade is the result of the interplay between the quantized nature of light and strong optical nonlinearities, whereby strong photon-photon repulsion prevents a quantum optical system from absorbing multiple photons. We theoretically study a single atom coupled to the light field, described by the resonantly driven Jaynes--Cummings model, in which case the photon blockade breaks down in a second order phase transition at a critical drive strength. We show that this transition is associated to the spontaneous breaking of an anti-unitary PT-symmetry. Within a semiclassical approximation we calculate the expectation values of observables in the steady state. We then move beyond the semiclassical approximation and approach the critical point from the disordered (blockaded) phase by reducing the Lindblad quantum master equation to a classical rate equation that we solve. The width of the steady-state distribution in Fock space is found to diverge as we approach the critical point with a simple power-law, allowing us to calculate the critical scaling of steady state observables without invoking mean-field theory. We propose a simple physical toy model for biased diffusion in the space of occupation numbers, which captures the universal properties of the steady state. We list several experimental platforms where this phenomenon may be observed.
description: 20 pages, 6 figures
MANAGEMENT AND INFORMATION AT U.S. AGRIBUSINESSES: PERSPECTIVES FROM THE CATTLE-BEEF SECTOR
Creators: name: Krueger, Angela
name: Salin, Victoria
name: Krueger, Angela
name: Salin, Victoria
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: Livestock Production/Industries

description: Agribusinesses in the cattle-beef sector use information from both external sources and proprietary sources in the management decision making process. This research reports the results of personal interviews with employees at all levels of the beef market channel, covering the information resources that they value and the priority their firms place on information. Respondents used data on prices and cattle inventories collected by the public sector, data on retail grocery sales made available through private firms, and data and analysis from trade associations. Companies involved in meat packing and retail distribution use information technologies to automate delivery and billing for products and they are investing in improved systems. A barrier to a more efficient supply chain in beef is the incomplete implementation of retail scanner systems for fresh meat.
On the accretion origin of a vast extended stellar disk around the Andromeda galaxy
Creators: name: Ibata, R.
name: Chapman, S.
name: Ferguson, A. M. N.
name: Lewis, G.
name: Irwin, M.
name: Tanvir, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the discovery of an inhomogenous, low-surface brightness, extended disk-like structure around the Andromeda galaxy (M31) based on a large kinematic survey of more than 2800 stars with the Keck/DEIMOS spectrograph. The stellar structure spans radii from 15 kpc out to ~40 kpc, with detections out to R ~ 70 kpc. The constituent stars lag the expected velocity of circular orbits in the plane of the M31 disk by ~40 kms and have a velocity dispersion of ~30 kms. The color range on the upper RGB shows a large spread indicative of a population with a significant range of metallicity. The mean metallicity of the population, measured from Ca II equivalent widths, is [Fe/H] = -0.9 +/- 0.2. The morphology of the structure is irregular at large radii, and shows a wealth of substructures which must be transitory in nature, and are almost certainly tidal debris. The presence of these substructures indicates that the global entity was formed by accretion. This extended disk follows smoothly on from the central parts of M31 disk with an exponential density law of scale-length of 5.1 +/- 0.1 kpc, similar to that of the bright inner disk. The population possesses similar kinematic and abundance properties over the entire region where it is detected in the survey. We estimate that the structure accounts for approximately 10% of the total luminosity of the M31 disk, and given the huge scale, contains ~30% of the total disk angular momentum. This finding indicates that at least some galactic stellar disks are vastly larger than previously thought and are formed, at least in their outer regions, primarily by accretion. [abridged]
description: 20 pages, 30 figures, ApJ submitted
Additional file 1 of Patient experiences with technology enabled care across healthcare settings- a systematic review
Creators: name: Leonardsen, Ann-Chatrin Linqvist
name: Hardeland, Camilla
name: Helgesen, Ann Karin
name: Grøndahl, Vigdis A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Information Systems
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 1.
A Catalog of Solar Flare Events Observed by the SOHO/EIT
Creators: name: Rotti, Sumanth A.
name: Martens, Petrus C. H.
name: Aydin, Berkay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have compiled a catalog of solar flares as observed by the Extreme ultraviolet Imaging Telescope (EIT) aboard the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO) spacecraft and the GOES spacecraft over a span from 1997 to 2010. During mid-1998, the cadence of EIT images was revised from two images per day to 12 minutes. However, the low temporal resolution causes significant data gaps in capturing much of the flaring phenomenon. Therefore, we monitor possible errors in flare detection by flare parameters such as temporal overlap, observational wavelength, and considering full field of view (FOV) images. We consider the GOES flare catalog as the primary source. We describe the technique used to enhance the GOES detected flares using the Extreme Ultraviolet (EUV) image captured by the EIT instrument. In order to detect brightenings, we subtract the images with a maximum cadence of 25 minutes. We have downloaded and analyzed the EIT data via the Virtual Solar Observatory (VSO). This flare dataset from the SOHO/EIT period proves indispensable to the process of the solar flare predictions as the instrument has covered most of Solar Cycle 23.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures
Additional file 1 of The natural history of greater trochanteric pain syndrome: an 11-year follow-up study
Creators: name: Bicket, Luke
name: Cooke, Julie
name: Knott, Isaac
name: Fearon, Angie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1.
47. The iterative solution: implementation
Creators: name: Perryman, Michael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: Formulating the mathematical description of the astrometric solution was one part of the challenge for the Gaia data processing. But its actual computer implementation was quite another. The solution adopted is to execute four distinct data 'blocks', which are optimised in memory and evaluated in a cyclic sequence until convergence.
PROPERTY TAX AND TAX REFORM IN TEXAS: AN EQUITY CONCERN
Creators: name: Stallmann, Judith I.
name: Jones, Lonnie L.
name: Stallmann, Judith I.
name: Jones, Lonnie L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1997
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy

description: The Governor of Texas has proposed a tax reform that lowers property tax and eliminates the franchise tax. The lost revenues are replaced by raising the sales tax and instituting a modified value-added tax. The issues are not unique to Texas, many states are considering tax issues. The current tax system is based on an economy that no longer exists and is not providing sufficient revenues. Given the changed economy of the state, modification of the tax system is reasonable. But the proposal increases regressive taxes and decreases the only progressive tax in the system. Overall the proposal is more regressive than the existing tax system.
Unobscured QSO2: A New Class of Objects?
Creators: name: Wolter, A.
name: Gioia, I. M.
name: Henry, J. P.
name: Mullis, C. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present in this paper optical and X-ray follow up observations for three X-ray selected objects extracted from the ROSAT North Ecliptic Pole survey which is a flux-limited, completely identified survey. All three objects have X-ray luminosities in the 10^44 erg/s regime and show narrow emission lines in their optical discovery spectra, typical of QSO2 type objects. Spectroscopic data for the three QSO2 candidates, obtained with the Telescopio Nazionale Galileo, confirm the widths of the Halpha or Hbeta emission lines are less than 750 km/s. On the other hand XMM-Newton data do not show any sign of obscuration as expected for this class of objects. The X-ray spectra of the three objects are all well fit by a single power law model with Gamma~1.7 with low energy absorption fixed to the Galactic value along the line of sight to each object. Most observational evidence supports the scenario where optical and X-ray obscurations are linked, contrary to our findings. We discuss the unanticipated results of these observations, and compute the space density in soft X-ray surveys of this possibly new class of objects. Their spatial density in the ROSAT NEP survey is 2.8{+2.7 / -1.5} 10^-8 h^3 Mpc^-3 in a Lambda-CDM model with h=0.7. Unobscured QSO\2 candidates could go unrecognized in current X-ray surveys where the low hydrogen column density is inferred by a hardness ratio rather than a more precise X-ray spectrum measurement.
description: 13 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
Product life cycle and determinant attributes : an investigation of the Japanese structural panel market
Creators: name: Welbourn, Derek George
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Japan is the largest structural panel importer in the world and currently consumes predominantly plywood. Oriented strand board (OSB) has been available in Japan since the early 1990's but has made only modest inroads. For example OSB represented 2.5 percent of the Japanese structural panel market in 1999 and has averaged approximately 2 percent for the previous 5 years. By utilizing the product life cycle concept to compare the development of the Japanese structural panel market to that of North America, there is evidence to suggest that OSB could be positioned for significant growth in Japan. However, whether OSB becomes a dominant structural panel in the Japanese market will depend on how well it can meet the critical needs of panel customers. In order to assess which characteristics of a structural panel have a significant effect on Japanese customers', a determinant attribute analysis was done. Questionnaires were filled out during personal interviews with Japanese structural panel purchasing companies that included trading houses, distributors and builders. The determinant attribute analysis identified the critical characteristics that Japanese panel customers consider when making purchasing decisions as being (in order of significance): Competitive Price, Thickness Swell, Panel Size, Shipment Arrives In Good Condition, Long-term Supply, Formaldehyde Emissions, Environmental Forestry Practices, Uniform Panel Thickness and Linear Expansion. The determinant attribute analysis suggests that OSB is not ready to immediately enter into the growth phase of the product life cycle in Japan. OSB needs to improve its performance on the technical determinant attributes and maintain competitive pricing relative to competing panel products. The relevance of these results could be substantially altered if the demand for structural panels in Japan was to change significantly, which could be the case with the trend towards structurally improved building methods in Japanese traditional homes.
Additional file 1 of Serum 20S proteasome levels are associated with disease activity in MPO-ANCA-associated microscopic polyangiitis
Creators: name: Maruyama, Hiroshi
name: Hirayama, Kouichi
name: Yamashita, Marina
name: Ohgi, Kentaro
name: Tsujimoto, Ryuji
name: Takayasu, Mamiko
name: Homare Shimohata
name: Kobayashi, Masaki
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Hematology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary file S1. The relationships between the serum 20S proteasome levels and the patients’ clinical symptoms.
Additional file 1 of Implementation of a national electronic health information system in Gabon: a survey of healthcare providers’ perceptions
Creators: name: Bagayoko, Cheick Oumar
name: Tchuente, Jack
name: Diakaridia Traoré
name: Lipenguet, Gaetan Moukoumbi
name: Mbenga, Raymond Ondzigue
name: Koumamba, Aimé Patrice
name: Ondjani, Myriam Corille
name: Ndjeli, Olive Lea
name: Gagnon, Marie-Pierre
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Information Systems
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 1. Survey questionnaire.
Additional file 2 of The natural history of greater trochanteric pain syndrome: an 11-year follow-up study
Creators: name: Bicket, Luke
name: Cooke, Julie
name: Knott, Isaac
name: Fearon, Angie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2.
ORCID Login improvement for DSpace-CRIS - Project Results
Creators: name: Goldschmidt, Oliver
Publisher: name: TUHH Universitätsbibliothek
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: ORCID
subject: DSpace
subject: DSpace-CRIS
subject: Login
classificationCode: 004
subject: Computer Sciences
classificationCode: 020
subject: Library and Information Sciences

description: On DSpace and DSpace-CRIS before Version 2023.02.00 the login via ORCID was problematic, if the eMail address was hidden on ORCID side or if the user had a different eMail address on ORCID than on DSpace. Within the project, a solution was developed for DSpace-CRIS, which asks the user for an email address, if it's not provided via ORCID directly and which gives the option to connect an ORCID login to a DSpace login in case of different eMail addresses on both sides. This presentation shows the results of the project to improve ORCID login on DSpace-CRIS and demonstrates, how the new developments are working.
Characterizing MRO in atomistic models of vitreous SiO$_2$ generated using ab-initio molecular dynamics
Creators: name: Jena, Sruti Sangeeta
name: Singh, Shakti
name: Chandra, Sharat
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Vitreous silica is the most versatile material for scientific and commercial applications. Although large-scale atomistic models of vitreous-SiO$_2$ (v-SiO$_2$) having medium-range order (MRO) have been successfully developed by melt-quench through classical molecular dynamics, the MRO is not well studied for the smaller-scale models developed by melt-quench using ab-initio molecular dynamics (AIMD). In this study, we obtain atomistic models of v-SiO$_2$ by performing melt-quench simulation using AIMD. The final structure is compared with the experimental data and some recent atomistic models, on the basis of the structural properties. Since AIMD allows for the estimation of electronic structure, a detailed study of electronic properties is also done. It shows the presence of defect states mainly due to dangling bonds in the band-gap region of electronic density of states, whereas the edge-shared type of defective structures in the glassy models are found to contribute mainly in the valence band. In addition, Oxygen and Silicon vacancies as well as bridging Oxygen type of defects were created and their contributions to the band-gap were studied.
description: 28 pages, 12 figures, preprint
Systematic Comparison and Cross-validation of Fixed-Node Diffusion Monte Carlo and Phaseless Auxiliary-Field Quantum Monte Carlo in Solids
Creators: name: Malone, Fionn D.
name: Benali, Anouar
name: Morales, Miguel A.
name: Caffarel, Michel
name: Kent, P. R. C.
name: Shulenburger, Luke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum Monte Carlo (QMC) methods are some of the most accurate methods for simulating correlated electronic systems. We investigate the compatibility, strengths and weaknesses of two such methods, namely, diffusion Monte Carlo (DMC) and auxiliary-field quantum Monte Carlo (AFQMC). The multi-determinant trial wave functions employed in both approaches are generated using the configuration interaction using a perturbative selection made iteratively (CIPSI) technique. Complete basis set full configuration interaction (CBS-FCI) energies estimated with CIPSI are used as a reference in this comparative study between DMC and AFQMC. By focusing on a set of canonical finite size solid state systems, we show that both QMC methods can be made to systematically converge towards the same energy once basis set effects and systematic biases have been removed. AFQMC shows a much smaller dependence on the trial wavefunction than DMC while simultaneously exhibiting a much larger basis set dependence. We outline some of the remaining challenges and opportunities for improving these approaches.
title: Satisfying the basic psychological needs of students with refugee backgrounds: implications for their academic development, school inclusion, and psychological wellbeing
Creators: name: Power, Keith B.
Publisher: name: Memorial University of Newfoundland
Year: 2021

description: This thesis describes a mixed-methods multiple case study that examined students with refugee backgrounds’ basic psychological needs for competence, relatedness (both student and teacher relatedness), and autonomy (Deci & Ryan, 2000, 2008b) relative to their Canadian background peers in a small Canadian urban centre. It also examined school level differences between the students with refugee backgrounds based on whether the students were attending junior high school or high school. The Comprehensive School Health framework (Pan-Canadian Joint Consortium for School Health, 2019b) was adopted to understand group differences and to gain insights into how the school system and individual schools were either meeting or thwarting the students with refugee backgrounds’ basic psychological needs, and consequently their inclusion at school. In total, 47 students (25 students with refugee backgrounds and 22 Canadian background students) completed questionnaires that measured their psychological needs. 2x2 ANOVAs showed that the students with refugee backgrounds felt significantly less competent than their Canadian background peers. No significant difference was found between the junior high and high school students with refugee backgrounds’ levels of competence. The junior high students with refugee backgrounds reported feeling significantly less student relatedness compared to the Canadian background junior high students and the high school students with refugee backgrounds. Conversely, no significant difference was found between the high school students with refugee backgrounds and the Canadian background high school students on student relatedness. For teacher relatedness and autonomy, no significant differences were found between the groups. The qualitative data, gathered through researcher observations, document analysis, and 34 interviews with students, teachers, school administrators, and community workers, indicated that the students with refugee backgrounds’ low level of competence was likely negatively affected by many of the school and school system’s policies and procedures, especially as they relate to the early inclusion of these students in mainstream programming without adequate supports. The differences between the junior high and high school students with refugee backgrounds’ sense of student relatedness was likely a reflection of the more welcoming, supportive, and diverse social environment present for the high school students relative to junior high students with refugee backgrounds. Finally, recommendations on how schools and school systems can better support the psychological needs and inclusion of students with refugee backgrounds, especially as they relate to smaller urban contexts, are discussed.
Recent measurement of Delta G/G at COMPASS
Creators: name: Bernet, Colin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a preliminary measurement of the gluon polarization Delta G/G in the nucleon, based on the spin asymmetry of quasi-real photoproduction events for which a pair of large transverse momentum hadrons is produced. The data were obtained by the COMPASS experiment at CERN using a 160 GeV polarized muon beam scattered on a large polarized 6LiD target. The preliminary helicity asymmetry for the selected events is A_||/D = 0.002 +- 0.019(stat) +- 0.003(syst). From this value, a leading order analysis based on the model of PYTHIA leads to the gluon polarization in the nucleon Delta G/G(x_g=0.095, mu^2=3 GeV^2)=0.024 +- 0.089(stat) +- 0.057(syst). This value is consistent with parameterizations obtained from QCD fits to the g_1 data, with a first moment Delta G lower than 1, at the same scale.
description: 4 pages with 4 figures
CAN WE FORECAST THE PRICE OF HONEY?
Creators: name: Shafer, Carl E.
name: Shafer, Carl E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis

description: While the long term trend in U. S. production has been downward, increased imports have been supplying the upward trend in U. S. honey consumption. Exceptionally high producer level prices during 1996 and 1997 were apparently due to lower world supplies, particularly as reflected in stocks. The recent large increases in imports and, to a lesser extent, stocks led to the softening in U. S. producer prices in 1997 while retail prices and margins remained firm. U. S. retail poundage sales, based on Nielsen data, remained robust, dropping only slightly in the face of a 40% increase in retail price between 1995 and 1997. The producer price for honey in 1998 will depend largely on three factors: (1) U. S. honey producers' response in terms of honey production, (2) the management of stocks in response to price expectations, and (3) the role of imports as part of total U. S. honey supply.
Optimising Housing, Health and Sustainability Goals - Poster 2016.
Creators: name: Otte im Kempe, Eveline
name: Nix, Emily
name: Milner, James
name: Hamilton, Ian
name: Montana, Rocio
name: Senne, Marlene
name: Khosla, Renu
name: Pandey, Siddharth
name: Sanya, Tom
name: Davies, Michael
name: Wilkinson, Paul
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 330110
subject: Sustainable architecture
classificationCode: 330105
subject: Architectural science and technology
classificationCode: 420305
subject: Health and community services

description: Housing has a crucial influence on health and well-being. In most settings, energy use in the home and for residential construction also accounts for a sizeable proportion of overall greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The form and quality of housing is a crucial target both for health protection and for the attainment of sustainability goals in relation to energy and GHG emissions. However, housing varies markedly in the degree to which it protects health, especially for low income households, while the evolving risks of climate change and need to meet mitigation targets often require substantial adaptations in the housing sector. Our vision in this project is to use case studies from four contrasting settings around the world to develop and apply methods to improve the design, refurbishment and operation of housing for low-income households that is low cost, low in environmental impact, high performance and improves quality of life and wellbeing. Lessons learned from these case studies will be used to inform the methods and approaches that can be applied in these and other settings.
A molecular dynamics computer simulation study of room-temperature ionic liquids. I. Equilibrium solvation structure and free energetics
Creators: name: Shim, Y.
name: Choi, M. Y.
name: Kim, Hyung J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Solvation in 1-ethyl-3-methylmidazolium chloride and in 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate near equilibrium is investigated via molecular dynamics computer simulations with diatomic and benzenelike molecules employed as probe solutes. It is found that electrostriction plays an important role in both solvation structure and free energetics. The angular and radial distributions of cations and anions become more structured and their densities near the solute become enhanced as the solute charge separation grows. Due to the enhancement in structural rigidity induced by electrostriction, the force constant associated with solvent configuration fluctuations relevant to charge shift and transfer processes is also found to increase. The effective polarity and reorganization free energies of these ionic liquids are analyzed and compared with those of highly polar acetonitrile. Their screening behavior of electric charges is also investigated.
description: 12 pages
The unbounded dead-end depth property is not a group invariant
Creators: name: Riley, Tim R.
name: Warshall, Andrew D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20F65

description: The dead-end depth of an element g of a group with finite generating set A is the distance from g to the complement of the radius d(1,g) closed ball, in the word metric d associated to A. We exhibit a finitely presented group K with two finite generating sets A and B such that dead-end depth is unbounded on K with respect to A but is at most two with respect to B.
description: 16 pages, 5 figures
Max-Min Optimal Beamforming for Cell-Free Massive MIMO
Creators: name: Zhou, Andong
name: Wu, Jingxian
name: Larsson, Erik G.
name: Fan, Pingzhi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This letter develops an optimum beamforming method for downlink transmissions in cell-free massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems, which employ a massive number of distributed access points to provide concurrent services to multiple users. The optimum design is formulated as a max-min problem that maximizes the minimum signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio of all users. It is shown analytically that the problem is quasi-concave, and the optimum solution is obtained with the second-order cone programming. The proposed method identifies the best achievable beamforming performance in cell-free massive MIMO systems. The results can be used as benchmarks for the design of practical low complexity beamformers.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, to be published in IEEE Communications Letters
The Uncertainties in the 22Ne + alpha-capture Reaction Rates and the Production of the Heavy Magnesium Isotopes in Asymptotic Giant Branch Stars of Intermediate Mass
Creators: name: Karakas, A.
name: Lugaro, M.
name: Wiescher, M.
name: Goerres, J.
name: Ugalde, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present new rates for the 22Ne(alpha, n)25Mg and 22Ne(alpha,gamma)26Mg reactions, with uncertainties that have been considerably reduced compared to previous estimates, and we study how these new rates affect the production of the heavy magnesium isotopes in models of intermediate mass Asymptotic Giant Branch (AGB) stars of different initial compositions. All the models have deep third dredge-up, hot bottom burning and mass loss. Calculations have been performed using the two most commonly used estimates of the 22Ne + alpha rates as well as the new recommended rates, and with combinations of their upper and lower limits. The main result of the present study is that with the new rates, uncertainties on the production of isotopes from Mg to P coming from the 22Ne + alpha-capture rates have been considerably reduced. We have therefore removed one of the important sources of uncertainty to effect models of AGB stars. We have studied the effects of varying the mass-loss rate on nucleosynthesis and discuss other uncertainties related to the physics employed in the computation of stellar structure, such as the modeling of convection, the inclusion of a partial mixing zone and the definition of convective borders. These uncertainties are found to be much larger than those coming from 22Ne + alpha-capture rates, when using our new estimates. Much effort is needed to improve the situation for AGB models.
description: 38 pages, 10 figures, 6 tables, Accepted to ApJ
Latent Disentanglement in Mesh Variational Autoencoders Improves the Diagnosis of Craniofacial Syndromes and Aids Surgical Planning
Creators: name: Foti, Simone
name: Rickart, Alexander J.
name: Koo, Bongjin
name: Sullivan, Eimear O'
name: van de Lande, Lara S.
name: Papaioannou, Athanasios
name: Khonsari, Roman
name: Stoyanov, Danail
name: Jeelani, N. u. Owase
name: Schievano, Silvia
name: Dunaway, David J.
name: Clarkson, Matthew J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The use of deep learning to undertake shape analysis of the complexities of the human head holds great promise. However, there have traditionally been a number of barriers to accurate modelling, especially when operating on both a global and local level. In this work, we will discuss the application of the Swap Disentangled Variational Autoencoder (SD-VAE) with relevance to Crouzon, Apert and Muenke syndromes. Although syndrome classification is performed on the entire mesh, it is also possible, for the first time, to analyse the influence of each region of the head on the syndromic phenotype. By manipulating specific parameters of the generative model, and producing procedure-specific new shapes, it is also possible to simulate the outcome of a range of craniofacial surgical procedures. This opens new avenues to advance diagnosis, aids surgical planning and allows for the objective evaluation of surgical outcomes.
Additional file 1 of Community-based cluster randomized controlled trial: empowering households to identify and provide appropriate care for low-birthweight newborns in Nepal
Creators: name: Hodgins, Stephen
name: Binamra Rajbhandari
name: Joshi, Deepak
name: Ban, Bharat
name: Subarna Khatry
name: Mullany, Luke C.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1. Annex: English translation of voice recording with care messages for small newborns. (DOCX 14 kb)
PARTNERSHIP OPPORTUNITIES BETWEEN ACADEMIA AND THE PRIVATE SECTOR: EXAMPLES FROM THE TEXAS A&M UNIVERSITY SYSTEM
Creators: name: Nelson, A. Gene
name: Nelson, A. Gene
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession

description: Partnerships can be effective tools for engaging universities with their communities. Examples from the Texas A&M University System Agriculture Program are used to discuss the use of partnerships and the use of university-industry partnerships in particular. The characteristics of successful partnerships and impediments to be overcome are discussed, along with the special challenges facing public-private arrangements. Potential partners should ask themselves: Why do we want this arrangement, do we have the commitment, and what will we learn?
CO-OPERATIVES IN THE REPUBlIC OF UZBEKISTAN
Creators: name: Abduganiyev, Abdukakhkhor A.
name: Abduganiyev, Abdukakhkhor A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: Agribusiness

description: The development of farmers' producer co-operatives, in the privet sector, can make a significant contribution to the improvements that are urgently required in agricultural production of Uzbekistan. Farmers' co-operatives can provide input-supply, marketing and processing operations in the private sector. In this report, relevant areas within the agricultural sector were reviewed, constraints identified and recommendations made for the future development of farmers' co-operatives in Uzbekistan.
Additional file 1 of The effect of age on short-term and mid-term outcomes after thoracoscopic Ivor Lewis esophagectomy: a propensity score-matched analysis
Creators: name: Martin, Friederike
name: Kröll, Dino
name: Knitter, Sebastian
name: Hofmann, Tobias
name: Raakow, Jonas
name: Denecke, Christian
name: Pratschke, Johann
name: Biebl, Matthias
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Subgroup analysis of outcome parameters between patients younger than 75 years (younger group) and older than 75 years (elderly group) who underwent totally MIE.
Programming stiff inflatable shells from planar patterned fabrics
Creators: name: Siéfert, Emmanuel
name: Reyssat, Etienne
name: Bico, José
name: Roman, Benoît
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Lack of stiffness often limits thin shape-shifting structures to small scales. The large in-plane transformations required to distort the metrics are indeed commonly achieved by using soft hydrogels or elastomers. We introduce here a versatile single-step method to shapeprogram stiff inflated structures, opening the door for numerous large scale applications, ranging from space deployable structures to emergency shelters. This technique relies on channel patterns obtained by heat-sealing superimposed flat quasi-inextensible fabric sheets. Inflating channels induces an anisotropic in-plane contraction and thus a possible change of Gaussian curvature. Seam lines, which act as a director field for the in-plane deformation, encode the shape of the deployed structure. We present three patterning methods to quantitatively and analytically program shells with non-Euclidean metrics. In addition to shapes, we describe with scaling laws the mechanical properties of the inflated structures. Large deployed structures can resist their weight, substantially broadening the palette of applications.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures and Supplementary Information (14 pages, 3 figures)
Additional file 3 of Indicators to evaluate organisational knowledge brokers: a scoping review
Creators: name: Scarlett, Julia
name: Forsberg, Birger C.
name: Biermann, Olivia
name: Kuchenmüller, Tanja
name: El-Khatib, Ziad
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 3. Indicator data extracted from eligible studies to inform their use in evaluation. This file has a complete list of output and outcome indicators based on methods beyond expert opinion that were extracted from the eligible studies. The table includes the indicators organised by domain, the modes of verification for the indicators, the method the indicators were based on or collected with, the frequency of collection, and the study the indicator was extracted from.
Searches for Gauge-Mediated Supersymmetry Breaking Topologies in e+e- collisions at LEP2
Creators: name: The OPAL Collaboration
name: Abbiendi, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Searches were performed for topologies predicted by gauge-mediated Supersymmetry breaking models (GMSB). All possible lifetimes of the next-to-lightest SUSY particle (NLSP), either the lightest neutralino or slepton, decaying into the lightest SUSY particle, the gravitino, were considered. No evidence for GMSB signatures was found in the OPAL data sample collected at centre-of-mass energies of sqrt{s}=189-209 GeV at LEP. Limits on the product of the production cross-sections and branching fractions are presented for all search topologies. To test the impact of the searches, a complete scan over the parameters of the minimal model of GMSB was performed. NLSP masses below 53.5 GeV/c^2 in the neutralino NLSP scenario, below 87.4 GeV/c^2 in the stau NLSP scenario and below 91.9 GeV/c^2 in the slepton co-NLSP scenario are excluded at 95% confidence level for all NLSP lifetimes. The scan determines constraints on the universal SUSY mass scale Lambda from the direct SUSY particle searches of Lambda > 40,27,21,17,15 TeV/c^2 for messenger indices N=1,2,3,4,5 for all NLSP lifetimes.
description: 61 pages, 19 figures, Submitted to Euro. Phys. J. C
Robust Finite-Temperature Many-Body Scarring on a Quantum Computer
Creators: name: Desaules, Jean-Yves
name: Gustafson, Erik J.
name: Li, Andy C. Y.
name: Papić, Zlatko
name: Halimeh, Jad C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Mechanisms for suppressing thermalization in disorder-free many-body systems, such as Hilbert space fragmentation and quantum many-body scars, have recently attracted much interest in foundations of quantum statistical physics and potential quantum information processing applications. However, their sensitivity to realistic effects such as finite temperature remains largely unexplored. Here, we have utilized IBM's Kolkata quantum processor to demonstrate an unexpected robustness of quantum many-body scars at finite temperatures when the system is prepared in a thermal Gibbs ensemble. We identify such robustness in the PXP model, which describes quantum many-body scars in experimental systems of Rydberg atom arrays and ultracold atoms in tilted Bose--Hubbard optical lattices. By contrast, other theoretical models which host exact quantum many-body scars are found to lack such robustness, and their scarring properties quickly decay with temperature. Our study sheds light on the important differences between scarred models in terms of their algebraic structures, which impacts their resilience to finite temperature.
description: $17$ pages, $15$ figures
SEASONAL MIGRATION OF RETIREES: A REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE
Creators: name: Espinoza, Maria-Cristina
name: Stallmann, Judith I.
name: Espinoza, Maria-Cristina
name: Stallmann, Judith I.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1996
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: Anecdotes suggest that tourism experiences may affect the migration decisions of retirees. Seasonal migration by retirees may be an intermediate step between tourism and permanent migration. A review of the literature on seasonal migration finds that some seasonal migrants become permanent migrants. In general, seasonal and permanent migrants come from two separate migration streams and are two different lifestyles. Seasonal migration generally does not lead to permanent migration.
Neutrino oscillation physics with a FNAL proton driver
Creators: name: Winter, Walter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the need of a proton driver for the Fermilab neutrino oscillation program, as well as its role in the global context.
description: 3 pages, 1 figure; Talk given at the NuFact 05 workshop, June 21-26, Frascati, Italy
COTTON LAND TENURE EVALUATION SOFTWARE USERS' GUIDE
Creators: name: Benton, Brandon
name: Rister, M. Edward
name: Falconer, Lawrence L.
name: Outlaw, Joe L.
name: Smith, Edward G.
name: Benton, Brandon
name: Rister, M. Edward
name: Falconer, Lawrence L.
name: Outlaw, Joe L.
name: Smith, Edward G.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1997
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy

description: The Federal Agriculture Improvement and Reform Act of 1996 (FAIR Act) introduces several significant changes to farm commodity legislation. While these changes impact all program commodities, they have prompted considerable concern for the future of the Texas cotton industry. Changes in the farm program have prompted many landowners and tenants to evaluate their current rental arrangements and determine if changes are required. In response to considerable ensuing questions regarding the land rental market, a Lotus 1-2-3 template was developed to aid parties in determining an equitable lease. This Lotus template allows users to specify enterprise budget information for rice farm operations and then evaluates the expected returns to producers and landowners under various lease scenarios. The landowners' results are compared with the returns from 100% of the market transition payments and user-specified net returns for an alternative enterprise to calculate the net advantage to landowners for producing rice under the budgeted scenario over the life of the FAIR Act. The Cotton Land Tenure Evaluation Users' Guide is a detailed explanation of how to use the Lotus Cotton Land Tenure Evaluation program. This guide instructs users on how to use the various components of the program. Sections of the Users' Guide include a preface, installation instructions, an overview of the changes in the farm program, a section describing how to input data, a description of the custom menu system, and a report section that illustrates examples of the reports that are available for printing.