cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Collapse of rotating stars in the Universe and the cosmic gamma ray bursts
Creators: name: Bogomazov, A. I.
name: Lipunov, V. M.
name: Tutukov, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze here late evolutionary stages of massive (with initial mass higher than 8 masses of the Sun) close binary stars. Our purposes are to study possible mechanisms of gamma ray bursts (GRBs) origin. We suppose in this paper that GRB phenomenon require formation of massive (approx. 1 M_sun) compact (approx. 10 km) accretion disks around Kerr black holes and neutron stars. Such Kerr black holes are products of collapse of Wolf-Rayet stars in extremely close binaries and merging of neutron stars with black holes and neutron stars with neutron stars in close binary systems. Required accretion disks also can be formed around neutron stars which were formed during collapse of accreting oxygen-neon white dwarfs. We have estimated frequencies of events which lead to a rotational collapse concerned with formation of rapidly rotating relativistic objects in the Galaxy. We made our calculations using the "Scenario Machine".
description: 18 pages, 3 figures
Enzymes as indices of growth rate and nitrate metabolism in marine phytoplankton
Creators: name: Berges, John Alexander
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Determining the in situ rates of growth and nitrogen incorporation of marine phytoplankton is critical to understanding energy transfer and nutrient and carbon cycling in the world’s oceans. To overcome the limitations in current methods of estimating biological rates (i.e. incubations under unrealistic conditions, or inadequate estimates of spatial and temporal variability) the use of enzyme activity measurements was examined. Because enzymes are functional proteins that adapt to suit prevailing conditions, enzyme levels may provide an integrated index of in situ rates of phytoplankton metabolism. Nucleoside diphosphate kinase (NDPK) an enzyme which directs cellular energy towards biosynthesis was examined as an index of specific growth rate (μ) in the diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana grown under light limitation, NDPK activity was significantly, but wealdy correlated with μ . Activity per cell rose at high μ , but also increased at very low μ . Although of limited value as a predictive index by itself, NDPK may be useful in conjunction with measurements of ATP concentration, or adenylate turnover rates. Nitrate reductase (NR), an enzyme specific for nitrate assimilation may be used in calculating rates of nitrate incorporation (μN) and thus new production, but previous measurements of NR have not matched μN. A new assay using bovine serum albumin to protect the enzyme from proteases was developed that gave close agreement with μN in light limited cultures of T. pseudonana and Skeletonema costatum. The relationship also held for T. pseudonana during transitions in irradiance, under nitrate limitation (although NR exceeded μN at low μ ), during growth on light-dark cycles, different light spectra, in the presence of ammonium, and during nitrate starvation. In each case, NR accurately predicted μN. NR was closely related to nitrate incorporation rates in three additional diatom species, but for other taxa, particularly the Dinophyceae, NR underestimated μN. Preliminary field experiments were conducted in Monterey Bay, California during a diatom bloom. μN predicted from NR measurements always equalled or exceeded rates estimated by other methods, including ¹⁵N incorporation. Appendices to the thesis compare and validate different protein assays in marine phytoplankton, provide details of a computer program to automate and collect enzyme kinetic data from a spectrophotometer, and compare methods of fitting rectangular hyperbolae to a variety of oceanographic data.
Generators of Dynamical Systems on Hilbert Modules
Creators: name: Tabadkan, Gholamreza Abbaspour
name: Skeide, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46L55, 46L08, 46L53

description: We characterize the generators of dynamical systems on Hilbert modules as those generators of one-parameter groups of Banach space isometries which are ternary derivations. We investigate in how far a similar condition can be expressed in terms of generalized derivations.
New ex-OH maser detections in the northern celestial hemisphere
Creators: name: Patoka, O.
name: Antyufeyev, O.
name: Shmeld, I.
name: Bezrukovs, V.
name: Bleiders, M.
name: Orbidans, A.
name: Aberfelds, A.
name: Shulga, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aims.Molecular masers, including methanol and hydroxyl masers, and in particular the ones in excited rotational states (ex-OHmasers), are one of the most informative tools for studying star-forming regions. So, the discovery, of new maser sources in theseregions is of great importance. Many studies and surveys of ex-OH maser sources have been carried out in the southern celestialhemisphere, but only a few have been done in the northern hemisphere. The specific aim of this work is to close this gap.Methods.The star-forming regions in the northern hemisphere with known active methanol masers were observed to search for newex-OH maser sources with the 32 m and 16 m radio telescopes of the Ventspils International Radio Astronomy Centre (VIRAC).Results.Three OH maser lines in the excited state at the 6035 MHz in three northern hemisphere star-forming regions are detected.The maser 189.030+0.783 was previously known, but we suggest this maser is a possible variable. We confirm recent detections ofthe ex-OH masers 85.41+0.00 and 90.92+1.49 by other authors. The magnetic field strength in the masering regions is estimated byusing right circular polarization (RCP) and left circular polarization (LCP) pair splitting. The high-velocity resolution provides uswith an estimation of a comparatively small magnetic field strength for the 189.030+0.783 and 90.92+1.49 star-forming regions
description: 6 pages 1 figure 4 tables
Vertical-orbital band center as an activity descriptor for hydrogen evolution reaction on single-atom-anchored 2D catalysts
Creators: name: Qiao, Wen
name: Yan, Shiming
name: Jin, Deyou
name: Xu, Xiaoyong
name: Mi, Wenbo
name: Wang, Dunhui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The d-band center descriptor based on the adsorption strength of adsorbate has been widely used in understanding and predicting the catalytic activity in various metal catalysts. However, its applicability is unsure for the single-atom-anchored two-dimensional (2D) catalysts. Here, taking the hydrogen (H) adsorption on the single-atom-anchored 2D basal plane as example, we examine the influence of orbitals interaction on the bond strength of hydrogen adsorption. We find that the adsorption of H is formed mainly via the hybridization between the 1s orbital of H and the vertical dz2 orbital of anchored atoms. The other four projected d orbitals (dxy/dx2-y2, dxz/dyz) have no contribution to the H chemical bond. There is an explicit linear relation between the dz2-band center and the H bond strength. The dz2-band center is proposed as an activity descriptor for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). We demonstrate that the dz2-band center is valid for the single-atom active sites on a single facet, such as the basal plane of 2D nanosheets. For the surface with multiple facets, such as the surface of three-dimensional (3D) polyhedral nanoparticles, the d-band center is more suitable.
Signal Processing on the Permutahedron: Tight Spectral Frames for Ranked Data Analysis
Creators: name: Chen, Yilin
name: DeJong, Jennifer
name: Halverson, Tom
name: Shuman, David I
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Ranked data sets, where m judges/voters specify a preference ranking of n objects/candidates, are increasingly prevalent in contexts such as political elections, computer vision, recommender systems, and bioinformatics. The vote counts for each ranking can be viewed as an n! data vector lying on the permutahedron, which is a Cayley graph of the symmetric group with vertices labeled by permutations and an edge when two permutations differ by an adjacent transposition. Leveraging combinatorial representation theory and recent progress in signal processing on graphs, we investigate a novel, scalable transform method to interpret and exploit structure in ranked data. We represent data on the permutahedron using an overcomplete dictionary of atoms, each of which captures both smoothness information about the data (typically the focus of spectral graph decomposition methods in graph signal processing) and structural information about the data (typically the focus of symmetry decomposition methods from representation theory). These atoms have a more naturally interpretable structure than any known basis for signals on the permutahedron, and they form a Parseval frame, ensuring beneficial numerical properties such as energy preservation. We develop specialized algorithms and open software that take advantage of the symmetry and structure of the permutahedron to improve the scalability of the proposed method, making it more applicable to the high-dimensional ranked data found in applications.
Precise measurement of the top quark mass in the lepton+jets topology at CDF II
Creators: name: Aaltonen, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a measurement of the mass of the top quark from proton-antiproton collisions recorded at the CDF experiment in Run II of the Fermilab Tevatron. We analyze events from the single lepton plus jets final state ($t\bar t\to W^+bW^-\bar b\to lνb q \bar q'\bar b$). The top quark mass is extracted using a direct calculation of the probability density that each event corresponds to the $t\bar t$ final state. The probability is a function of both the mass of the top quark and the energy scale of the calorimeter jets, which is constrained {\it in situ} by the hadronic $W$ boson mass. Using 167 events observed in 955 pb$^{{-}1}$ of integrated luminosity, we achieve the single most precise measurement of the top quark mass, 170.8 $\pm$ 2.2 (stat.) $\pm$ 1.4 (syst.) GeV/$c^2$.
description: accepted by Phys. Rev. Lett
«Bonde come si dice in italiano?»
Creators: name: Ferroni, Roberta
Publisher: name: Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Italia
Year: 2015

description:

This article examines the negotiation strategies used by Brazilian, Portuguese-speaking learners of Italian when performing tasks in pairs, in the presence of a series of «transcoding markers» that include the insertion of rules and terms from the first language into the foreign language. Observations indicate that the natural pedagogical sequences do not result in abrupt interruptions in the continuity of the activity that is being undertaken and that, depending on the level of the students’ foreign language knowledge, the sequences tend to increase along with the use of code switching.

description: Rassegna iberistica
Describing neutrino oscillations in matter with Magnus expansion
Creators: name: Ioannisian, A. N.
name: Smirnov, A. Yu.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present new formalism for description of the neutrino oscillations in matter with varying density. The formalism is based on the Magnus expansion and has a virtue that the unitarity of the S-matrix is maintained in each order of perturbation theory. We show that the Magnus expansion provides better convergence of series: the restoration of unitarity leads to smaller deviations from the exact results especially in the regions of large transition probabilities. Various expansions are obtained depending on a basis of neutrino states and a way one splits the Hamiltonian into the self-commuting and non-commuting parts. In particular, we develop the Magnus expansion for the adiabatic perturbation theory which gives the best approximation. We apply the formalism to the neutrino oscillations in matter of the Earth and show that for the solar oscillation parameters the second order Magnus adiabatic expansion has better than 1% accuracy for all energies and trajectories. For the atmospheric $Δm^2$ and small 1-3 mixing the approximation works well ($< 3 %$ accuracy for $\sin^2 θ_{13} = 0.01$) outside the resonance region (2.7 - 8) GeV.
description: Discussions expanded, two figures and references added, the version will appear in Nucl. Phys. B
Zur Rolle der Selbstevaluation am Beispiel der Fertigkeit Schreiben bei DaF-Studierenden
Creators: name: Τσιώμου, Αικατερίνη Γεωργίου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2019
Subjects: Αυτοαξιολόγηση – Αυτοδιόρθωση
Ικανότητα Αυτοαξιολόγησης στον Γραπτό Λόγο
Αυτοαξιολόγηση και αυτονομία στη Μάθηση
Self-assessment – Self-correction
Self-assessment skills in writing
Self-assessment and learner autonomy

description: Στην παρούσα μεταπτυχιακή εργασία μελετάται ο ρόλος της αυτοαξιολόγησης και εξετάζεται η ικανότητα αυτοδιόρθωσης και αυτοαξιολόγησης των φοιτητών του τμήματος γερμανικής γλώσσας στον γραπτό λόγο. Αρχικά ορίζεται το θεωρητικό πλαίσιο που αφορά την παραγωγή γραπτού λόγου, τα λάθη και την διόρθωσή τους κατά την εκμάθηση των γερμανικών ως ξένη γλώσσα. Στη συνέχεια παρουσιάζονται διάφορα μοντέλα αξιολόγησης του γραπτού λόγου και δίνεται έμφαση στην αυτοαξιολόγηση με τη χρήση τεχνολογικών μέσων, ενώ παράλληλα τονίζεται ο ρόλος της στην αυτονομία της μάθησης. Ακολουθεί μια εμπειρική έρευνα που προσεγγίζει το θέμα της αυτοαξιολόγησης από διαφορετικές οπτικές γωνίες και υπογραμμίζει τη σπουδαιότητα της αυτοδιαχείρισης κατά τη διαδικασία της μάθησης
description: The aim of the present thesis is to study the role of self-assessment in German language students and to measure their self-correction abilities in writing. Firstly is defined the theoretical framework that concerns writing, mistakes and correction when learning German as a foreign language. Afterwards are presented various evaluation models of written language and it is being emphasized on self-assessment with the use of technological means. The focus on self-assessment is of essence because it contributes significantly to the autonomy of learning. To sum up, there is an empirical study that approaches the subject of self-assessment from different angles and underlines the importance of self-management in the learning process. Γερμανική Περίληψη In dieser Masterarbeit wird die Rolle der Selbstevaluation und die Fähigkeit von DaF-Studierenden zur Fehlerselbstkorrektur am Beispiel der Fertigkeit Schreiben untersucht. Zunächst wird der theoretische Rahmen für das Schreiben und die Fehlerkorrektur beim Erlernen von Deutsch als Fremdsprache festgelegt. Es werden verschiedene Modelle der schriftlichen Sprachevaluation vorgestellt, wobei der Schwerpunkt auf der Selbstevaluation mit Hilfe von technologischen Mitteln liegt. Besonders wird auf die Rolle der Selbstevaluation eingegangen, da sie zur Autonomie des Lernens erheblich beiträgt. Schließlich wird bei einer empirischen Studie das Thema Selbstevaluation aus verschiedenen Blickwinkeln betrachtet und die Bedeutung von Selbstmanagement im Lernprozess unterstrichen
The Metaphorical Dysfunction of don Quijote de la Mancha
Creators: name: Greco, Barbara
Publisher: name: Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Italia
Year: 2015

description:

The article develops the analysis of Cervantes’s masterpiece according to the metaphorical component present in the novel. First, it examines the chivalric metaphors and the semantic transference operation through which the protagonist realizes his desire to ‘represent’ the chivalry books in the real world. Then, the analysis will be divided into two sections, referring to the ‘endogenous’ and ‘exogenous’ metaphor processes. The ‘endogenous’ process concerns the metaphors created by don Quijote, who resemantizes the reality through his imagination, while the study of ‘exogenous’ metaphors investigates the fake chivalry adventures forged by other characters (Sancho, the Duke and the Duchess and the Dr. Sansón Carrasco), who submit the protagonist to a metaphorized dimension.

description: Rassegna iberistica
A string field theoretical description of (p,q) minimal superstrings
Creators: name: Fukuma, Masafumi
name: Irie, Hirotaka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A string field theory of (p,q) minimal superstrings is constructed with the free-fermion realization of 2-component KP (2cKP) hierarchy, starting from 2-cut ansatz of two-matrix models. Differential operators of 2cKP hierarchy are identified with operators in super Liouville theory, and we obtain algebraic curves for the disk amplitudes of η=-1 FZZT-branes and the partition functions of neutral/charged η=-1 ZZ branes, which correctly reproduce those of type 0B (p,q) minimal superstrings in conformal backgrounds. In the course of study, some subtle points are clarified, including a difference of (p,q) even/odd models and quantization of flux, and we show that the Virasoro constraints naturally incorporate quantized fluxes without ambiguity. We also argue within this string field framework that type 0A minimal superstrings can be obtained by orbifolding the type 0B strings with a Z_2 symmetry existing when special backgrounds are taken.
description: 54 pages, 3 figures, references added
Γνωστική αποκατάσταση σε ασθενείς με Υποτροπιάζουσα Διαλείπουσα Πολλαπλή Σκλήρυνση
Creators: name: Βήλου, Ειρήνη Κωνσταντίνου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2019
Subjects: Γνωστικά ελλείμματα
Γνωστική αποκατάσταση
Πολλαπλή Σκλήρυνση
Cognitive deficits
Cognitive rehabilitation
Multiple Sclerosis

description: Τα γνωστικά ελλείμματα αποτελούν ένα από τα πιο γνωστά συμπτώματα της Πολλαπλής Σκλήρυνσης, που κάνουν την εμφάνισή τους ήδη από την έναρξη της νόσου. Η γνωστική έκπτωση επηρεάζει την καθημερινότητα των ασθενών με Πολλαπλή Σκλήρυνση. Αυτό καθιστά επιτακτικό το σχεδιασμό προγραμμάτων γνωστικής αποκατάστασης, με σκοπό όχι μόνο τη βελτίωση των γνωστικών ελλειμμάτων, αλλά και την βελτίωση της καθημερινότητάς τους. Στην παρούσα μελέτη πραγματοποιήθηκε ένα βραχύχρονο πρόγραμμα γνωστικής αποκατάστασης, διάρκειας 6 εβδομάδων σε ασθενείς με Υποτροπιάζουσα Διαλείπουσα Πολλαπλή Σκλήρυνση. Στη μελέτη συμπεριλήφθηκαν 47 ασθενείς με Πολλαπλή Σκλήρυνση, οι οποίοι χωρίστηκαν με τυχαίο τρόπο στην ομάδα παρέμβασης (Ν=23) και την ομάδα ελέγχου(Ν=24). Αμφότεροι αξιολογήθηκαν με τη χρήση νευροψυχολογικών εργαλείων. Τα αποτελέσματα έδειξαν ότι υπήρχε στατιστικά σημαντική βελτίωση των ασθενών της ομάδας παρέμβασης στις χορηγηθείσες δοκιμασίες συγκριτικά με την ομάδα ελέγχου σε δυο χρονικές φάσεις. Συγχρόνως, όσοι ήταν συνεπείς στη χρήση του προγράμματος παρουσίασαν μεγαλύτερη βελτίωση σε αντίθεση με εκείνους που δεν συμμορφώθηκαν. Φάνηκε επίσης ότι περισσότερο συνεπείς με το πρόγραμμα ήταν οι ασθενείς που είχαν υψηλότερο δείκτη γνωστικού αποθέματος
description: Cognitive deficits are one of the most known symptoms of multiple sclerosis, which make their appearance as early as the onset of the disease. Cognitive impairment affects the daily routine of patients with multiple sclerosis. This makes it imperative to plan cognitive rehabilitation programs, not only to improve cognitive deficits, but also to improve their everyday life. In this study, a short-term cognitive rehabilitation program of 6 weeks was carried out in patients with relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis. The study included 47 patients with multiple sclerosis, who were randomly separated in the intervention group (n = 23) and the control group (n = 24). Both of patients were assessed using neuropsychological tests before and after program. The results showed that there was a statistically significant improvement in the patients in the intervention group. At the same time, those who were consistent in using the program showed greater improvement than those who didn’t. Patients who had a higher cognitive index were also more consistent with the program
About every convex set in any generic Riemannian manifold
Creators: name: Lytchak, Alexander
name: Petrunin, Anton
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C22, 53C29, 53C21, 52A99

description: We give a necessary condition on a geodesic in a Riemannian manifold that can run in some convex hypersurface. As a corollary we obtain peculiar properties that hold true for every convex set in any generic Riemannian manifold (M,g). For example, if a convex set in (M,g) is bounded by a smooth hypersurface, then it is strictly convex.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures
Η χρήση ως παράγοντας άλλων παραβατικών συμπεριφορών των νεαρών ενηλίκων
Creators: name: Κοσμαδοπούλου, Ευαγγελία Γεωργίου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2019
Subjects: Χρήση
Παραβατικότητα
Νεαροί Ενήλικες
Use
Delinquency
Young Adults

description: Η παρούσα μελέτη διερευνά τη χρήση ως παράγοντα άλλων περιστατικών βίας. Σκοπός της συγκεκριμένης έρευνας είναι η διερεύνηση των drug related crimes. Αν υποθέσουμε ότι η χρήση είναι ήδη μια παραβατική συμπεριφορά, αυτό που θέλουμε να εξετάσουμε είναι τι άλλες παραβατικές συμπεριφορές ενεργοποιεί. Πως η χρήση, εξαρτητική και μη, βοηθάει να αναπτυχθούν αποκλίνουσες συμπεριφορές. Ποια είναι η κυρίαρχη ουσία που έχει την μεγαλύτερη σύνδεση με περιστατικά παραβατικής συμπεριφοράς. Για την διεξαγωγή της έρευνας χρησιμοποιήθηκε η ποιοτική μέθοδος καθώς η επεξεργασία των δεδομένων έγινε με την ανάλυση του περιεχομένου. Η έρευνα πήρε μέρος στην Αθήνα 2018-2019. Τα άτομα που συμμετείχαν στην διαδικασία ήταν 10 κοινό στοιχείο όλων το ΕΠΑΛ, 6 γυναίκες και 4 αγόρια, σε εις βάθος συνέντευξη κλήθηκαν να αφηγηθούν εμπειρίες και βιογραφίες. Η χρήση και η παραβατικότητα είναι δύο φαινόμενα που αδιαμφισβήτητα συνδέονται το ζήτημα προκύπτει στο πόσο έντονα το ένα στοιχείο επηρεάζει το άλλο. Το πιο διαδεδομένο μοντέλο θεωρείται αυτό που οι ουσίες οδηγούν στο έγκλημα αλλά πάντα με συγκεκριμένους παράγοντες και όχι η ουσία αυτή καθαυτή, πρέπει να συνυπολογίζεται η ποσότητα , το χρονικό διάστημα της χρήσης και πόσο ψυχοκοινωνικό παρασκήνιο
description: This study explores the use as a factor in other incidents of violence. The purpose of this research is to investigate drug related crimes. Assuming that use is already an offending behavior, what we want to examine at is what other offending behaviors trigger. How use, suboptimal and not, helps to develop divergent behaviors. What is the predominant substance most linked to incidents of delinquent behavior. The study was based on the qualitative method and the processing of data was completed with the content analysis. The people who participated in the process were 10, with a common element of all the EPAL school, 6 women and 4 boys, in an in-depth interview were invited to narrate experiences and biographies. Drug use and delinquency are two phenomena that undoubtedly link the issue to how strongly one element affects the other. The most widespread model is what drug use lead to crime but always with specific factors and not the substance as such, the quantity, the time of use, and the psychosocial background must be counted
description: Σε συνεργασία με τη Νομική Σχολή Πανεπιστημίου Λευκωσίας (Κύπρος)
Origin of high piezoelectric response of Pb(Zr_xTi_1-x)O_3 at the morphotropic phase boundary: Role of elastic instability
Creators: name: Singh, Akhilesh Kumar
name: Mishra, Sunil Kumar
name: Ragini
name: Pandey, Dhananjai
name: Yoon, Songhak
name: Baik, Sunggi
name: Shin, Namsoo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Temperature dependent structural changes in a nearly pure monoclinic phase composition (x=0.525) of Pb(Zr_xTi_1-x)O_3 (PZT) have been investigated using Rietveld analysis of high-resolution synchrotron powder x-ray diffraction data and correlated with changes in the dielectric constant and planar electromechanical coupling coefficient. Our results show that the intrinsic piezoelectric response of the tetragonal phase of PZT is higher than that of the monoclinic phase. It is also shown that the high piezoelectric response of PZT may be linked with an anomalous softening of the elastic modulus (1/S_11) of the tetragonal compositions closest to the morphotropic phase boundary.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures
Self-regulated charge transfer and band tilt in nm-scale polar GaN films
Creators: name: Tsai, M. -H
name: Dey, S. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To date, the generic polarization of Bernardini, Fiorentini and Vanderbilt (PBFV) has been widely used to address the issue of polarity in III-V nitride semiconductors, but improvements in nitride materials and the performance of optoelectronic devices have been limited. The current first-principles calculation for the electronic structures of nm-scale [0001] GaN films show that the internal electric fields and the band tilt of these films are in opposite direction to those predicted by PBFV. Additionally, it is determined that an intrinsic self-regulated charge transfer across the film limits the electrostatic potential difference across the film, which renders the local conduction band energy minimum (at the Ga-terminated surface) approximately equal to the local valence band energy maximum (at the N-terminated surface). This effect is found to occur in films thicker than ~4nm.
Exploring HNC and HCN line emission as probes of the protoplanetary disk temperature
Creators: name: Long, Feng
name: Bosman, Arthur D.
name: Cazzoletti, Paolo
name: van Dishoeck, Ewine F.
name: Oberg, Karin I.
name: Facchini, Stefano
name: Tazzari, Marco
name: Guzman, Viviana V.
name: Testi, Leonardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The distributions and abundances of molecules in protoplanetary disks are powerful tracers of the physical and chemical disk structures. The abundance ratios of HCN and its isomer HNC are known to be sensitive to gas temperature. Their line ratios might therefore offer a unique opportunity to probe the properties of the emitting gas. Using the 2D thermochemical code DALI, we ran a set of disk models accounting for different stellar and disk properties, with an updated chemical network for the nitrogen chemistry. These modeling results were then compared with observations, including new ALMA observations of HNC $J=3-2$ for the TW Hya disk and HNC $J=1-0$ for 29 disks in Lupus. Similar to CN, HCN and HNC have brighter line emission in models with larger disk flaring angles and higher UV fluxes. HNC and HCN are predicted to be abundant in the warm surface layer and outer midplane region, which results in ring-shaped emission patterns. However, the precise emitting regions and emission morphology depend on the probed transition, as well as on other parameters such as C and O abundances. The modeled HNC-to-HCN line intensity ratio increases from $<0.1$ in the inner disk to up to 0.8 in the outer disk regions, which can be explained by efficient HNC destruction at high temperatures. Disk-integrated HNC line fluxes from current scarce observations and its radial distribution in the TW Hya disk are broadly consistent with our model predictions. The HNC-to-HCN flux ratio robustly increases with radius (decreasing temperature), but its use as a chemical thermometer in disks is affected by other factors, including UV flux and C and O abundances. High-spatial resolution ALMA disk observations of HNC and HCN that can locate the emitting layers would have the great potential to constrain both the disk thermal and UV radiation structures, and also to verify our understanding of the nitrogen chemistry.
description: accepted for publication in A&A
The reproducible radio outbursts of SS Cygni
Creators: name: Russell, Thomas D.; Miller-Jones, James C. A.; Sivakoff, Gregory Robert; Altamirano, Diego; O'Brien, Tim J.; Page, Kim L.; Templeton, Matthew R.; Körding, E. G.; Knigge, C.; Fender, Rob P.; Heinz, S.; Maitra, D.; Markoff, Sera; Rupen, Michael P.; Migliari, Simone; Remillard, Ronald Alan; Russell, D. M.; Sarazin, Craig L.; Waagen, Elizabeth O.
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Libraries
Year: 2016

Abstract
The X-ray spectrum of the bursting atoll source 4U~1728-34 observed with INTEGRAL
Creators: name: Falanga, M.
name: Gotz, D.
name: Goldoni, P.
name: Farinelli, R.
name: Goldwurm, A.
name: Mereghetti, S.
name: Bazzano, A.
name: Stella, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present for the first time a study of the 3-200 keV broad band spectra of the bursting atoll source 4U 1728-34 (GX 354-0) along its hardness intensity diagram. The analysis was done using the INTEGRAL public and Galactic Center deep exposure data ranging from February 2003 to October 2004. The spectra are well described by a thermal Comptonization model with an electron temperature from 35 keV to 3 keV and Thomson optical depth, tau_T, from 0.5 to 5 in a slab geometry. The source undergoes a transition from an intermediate/hard to a soft state where the source luminosity increases from 2 to 12% of Eddington. We have also detected 36 type I X-ray bursts two of which show photospheric radius expansion. The energetic bursts with photospheric radius expansion occurred at an inferred low mass accretion rate per unit area of \dot m ~ 1.7x10E3 g/cm2/s, while the others at a higher one between 2.4x10E3 - 9.4x10E3 g/cm2/s. For 4U1728-34 the bursts' total fluence, and the bursts' peak flux are anti-correlated with the mass accretion rate. The type I X-ray bursts involve pure helium burning either during the hard state, or during the soft state of the source.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures, and 2 tables. Accepted for publication in A&A
Exploratory evaluation of a transcriptomics-based drug repurposing pipeline to identify compounds for paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy
Creators: name: Yuen, Brian
name: Kober, Khai L
name: Chavez-Iglesias, Esther
name: Kober, Kord M
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2024

description: Background: Peripheral neuropathy is a major dose-limiting toxicity of paclitaxel, a commonly used drug to treat breast cancer. However, treatments for paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy (PIPN) have limited efficacy. The goal of this study is to leverage transcriptomics data combined with publicly available drug screening data and evaluate a computational drug-repurposing pipeline to identify therapies from existing drugs based on expression reversal. 

Methods: Bulk gene RNA-seq expression data were obtained from a publicly available study (GSE113941) of nine pools of mice after treatment with paclitaxel (n=5) in a dose that was sufficient to induce PIPN compared to not-treated mice (n=4). Differential gene expression was evaluated using gene count data with edgeR. A transcriptomics-based drug repurposing pipeline was then applied to the signature to identify PIPN-drug pairs with opposite transcriptional effects. Reversal scores were calculated for each drug in the CMap dataset (1000 small-molecule drugs) and 66,510 LINCS signatures. Significance was assessed using permutation analysis (n=10,000). Drug hits with a nominal p-value < 0.005 and reversal scores < 0 (indicating signature reversal) were examined. Significant enrichment of pathways was evaluated with DrugEnrichr (FDR < 0.01).

Results: 442 drug signatures were identified. Four drugs (resveratrol, geldanamycin, rolipram, and tamoxifen) have been previously identified as demonstrating treatment efficacy for peripheral neuropathy, suggesting this approach is effective in identifying compounds to treat PIPN.  Of the identified 135 KEGG enriched pathways, 120 (e.g., Focal adhesion, HIF-1 signaling, Cellular senescence) were also identified in a rat preclinical model of acute PIPN and 36 (e.g., mitophagy, HIF-1 signaling, ferroptosis, axon guidance) were previously identified by our research team as potential targets in a series of studies of 50 breast cancer survivors.

Conclusions: These findings suggest this approach may provide a productive alternative approach to drug discovery to treat this severe adverse side effect of neurotoxic chemotherapy.
Numerical modeling of submarine landslides and surface water waves which they generate
Creators: name: Jiang, Lin
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2008

description: Underwater landslides are a common source of tsunamis in coastal areas. In this thesis, three numerical models are developed to simulate the coupling of submarine landslides and the surface waves which they generate. Three different rheologies of the submarine sediments are considered: a viscous fluid, a Bingham-plastic fluid, and a Coulomb frictional material. Formulations of the dynamics are presented for the slides on a gentle uniform slope reactively coupled with the surface waves which they generate. The governing equations are solved by a finite-difference method. In the first model, the submarine slide is treated as a laminar flow of incompressible viscous fluid. Three major waves are generated: the first wave is a crest which propagates into deeper water, this crest is followed by a trough in the form of a forced wave; the third wave is a small trough which travels shoreward. Two major parameters dominate the interaction between the slide and the waves: the density of sliding material and the depth of water at the slide site. The landslide is treated as an incompressible Bingham-plastic flow in the second model. Because of the yield stress (or plasticity), the slides stop on the slope when the shear stress exerted on the bottom becomes smaller than the yield stress. The Bingham-plastic behavior of the mud significantly reduces the run-out distance and the speed of the slide, and also reduces the magnitude of the surface waves and the water current generated. In the third model, the submarine sediment is treated as a Coulomb frictional material. A frictional material model can well describe the slide of soft sandy sediment, in which the Coulomb friction law applies to the basal friction on the bottom of the slide. It is found that the friction angle between the slide material and the slope has the most significant effect on the slide dynamics and wve generation. The numerical results obtained in this thesis indicate that the rheology of the sediment (i.e., the constitutive relation) dominates the slide dynamics, and hence the surface wave generation. The greater the mobility of the sediment, the greater the amplitudes of the waves generated.
The Prison Garden as Artistic Boundary Object: Fostering Food Sovereignty and Social Citizenship for Indigenous People in British Columbia
Creators: name: Timler, Kelsey
name: Brown, Helen
Publisher: name: BC Studies: The British Columbian Quarterly
Year: 2019

description: For Indigenous peoples in BC food sovereignty has and continues to be disrupted by the ongoing impacts of colonialism, resulting in not only food insecurity but disproportionate rates of economic vulnerability, social disruption, and barriers to education and employment; these social determinants of health are also correlated with persistent criminal justice inequities, including over-incarceration. The growing, tending, harvesting and preparing of food and the activities that surround foodways are rooted in cultural contexts, historical backdrops and socio-economic forces; all of which are intersected by colonialism and its impacts on citizenship and sovereignty for Aboriginal peoples. Using a garden program in a federal prison in BC as a case study, we outline the ways in which food production and imperial notions of productive citizenship impact Aboriginal wellbeing within and outside of prison contexts, and how the garden - as an aesthetic and sensory boundary object – allows for critical discussions of foodways, rights, and sovereignty across the continuing boundaries of colonial Canada. The garden program - wherein incarcerated Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal men grow organic produce that is subsequently donated to a First Nations community in BC – provides an opportunity to explore the ways colonial ideals of productive citizenship have negatively impacted foodways and meanings for Aboriginal peoples. Our analysis also details how notions of social citizenship offer a novel way of understanding food sovereignty as a form of therapeutic art and craft. The garden, existing at the boundary of colonial agriculture, ancestral Aboriginal foodways and contemporary food rights, provides a nexus for conversations on art, food, wellbeing, rights and resurgence.
description: BC Studies: The British Columbian Quarterly, No 202 (2019): Arts, Crafts, and Healing: Understanding Social Citizenship in British Columbia
Photometric Calibration of the DES
Creators: name: Tucker, Douglas L.
name: Annis, James T.
name: Lin, Huan
name: Kent, Stephen
name: Stoughton, Chris
name: Peoples, John
name: Allam, Sahar
name: Mohr, Joseph J.
name: Barkhouse, Wayne A.
name: Ngeow, Choong
name: Alam, Tanweer
name: Beldica, Cristina
name: Cai, Dora
name: Daues, Greg
name: Plante, Ray
name: Miller, Chris
name: Smith, Chris
name: Suntzeff, Nicholas B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Dark Energy Survey (DES) is a 5000 sq deg griz imaging survey to be conducted using a proposed 3 sq deg (2.2deg-diameter) wide-field mosaic camera on the CTIO Blanco 4m telescope. The primary scientific goal of the DES is to constrain dark energy cosmological parameters via four complementary methods: galaxy cluster counting, weak lensing, galaxy angular correlations, and Type Ia supernovae, supported by precision photometric redshifts. Here we present the photometric calibration plans for the DES, including a discussion of standard stars and field-to-field calibrations.
description: 14 pages, 7 figures, to appear in the proceedings for the workshop, "The Future of Photometric, Spectrophotometric, and Polarimetric Standardization"
Work 2 Give: Fostering Collective Citizenship through Artistic and Healing Spaces for Indigenous Inmates and Communities in British Columbia
Creators: name: Brown, Helen
name: Timler, Kelsey
Publisher: name: BC Studies: The British Columbian Quarterly
Year: 2019

description: Therapeutic arts and crafts, as healing modalities, exist within specific historic and contemporary contexts. In this article we examine the positioning of productive and social citizenship for incarcerated Aboriginal men in federal prisons in British Columbia (BC) who participate in a prison employment and hobby program, wherein they build and create art-full objects that are subsequently donated to Aboriginal communities. This program provides insight into the ways that therapeutic arts and crafts have transformational impacts within a context where citizenship rightss are often considered conditional, and wherein incarcerated Aboriginal peoples’ lack of personal rights and freedoms is impacted by colonial forces that shape constructions of citizenship and productivity. Our aim is to contribute to the collective dialogue in this issue to shift the focus of arts programming from personal psychosocial well-being to how collective creativity within the prison context can foster social and cultural wellbeing and restoration for Aboriginal peoples in BC and beyond. We consider the transformational impacts made possible through therapeutic arts and crafts and the alternative possibilities of a more inclusive social citizenship to describe collective social identities for healing. Using Work 2 Give as an exemplar, we describe how forms of Aboriginal collective social citizenship, forged within a neocolonial era, can make space for the healing potential of therapeutic arts and craft in prison contexts. Drawing on Aboriginal understandings of health, healing, and community, Work 2 Give provides a window into how social citizenship can be considered through its interconnectivity with spirituality, giving to others, meaningful work, therapeutic art and holistic wellbeing within the wider context of colonialism and resurgence.
description: BC Studies: The British Columbian Quarterly, No 202 (2019): Arts, Crafts, and Healing: Understanding Social Citizenship in British Columbia
Динамика пылинок и малых тел в аккреционных дисках молодых звезд с остаточным магнитным полем
Creators: name: Kobozeva, Victoria
name: Khaibrakhmanov, Sergey
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: The paper presents a numerical model of the dynamics of dust particles and small bodies in accretion disks with fossil magnetic field. The model equations include gravity, centrifugal force, and gas drag force. The disk structure is simulated using the magnetohydrodynamic model of Dudorov and Khaibrakhmanov taking into account the effect of magnetic tensions on the gas rotation velocity. The results show that 1 m-sized particles quickly settle on the midplane, experiencing damped oscillations, and then slowly drift toward the star. Magnetic tensions increase the radial drift velocity at the disk periphery, accelerating the process of depletion of solid particles in the outer regions and their accumulation in 'dead' zones.
High angular resolution polarimetric imaging of the nucleus of NGC 1068: Disentangling the polarising mechanisms
Creators: name: Grosset, L.
name: Rouan, D.
name: Marin, F.
name: Gratadour, D.
name: Lagadec, E.
name: Hunziker, S.
name: Montargès, M.
name: Magnard, Y.
name: Carle, M.
name: Pragt, J.
name: Petit, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Polarisation is a decisive method to study the inner region of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) since it is not affected by contrast issues similarly to how classical imaging is. When coupled to high angular resolution (HAR), polarisation can help to disentangle the location of the various polarising mechanisms and then give an insight on the physics taking place on the core of AGNs. We obtained a new data set of HAR polarimetric images of the archetypal Seyfert 2 nucleus of NGC 1068 observed with SPHERE/VLT and we aim in this paper at presenting the polarisation maps and at spatially separating the location of the polarising mechanisms, thus deriving constraints on the organisation of the dust material in the inner region of this AGN. We then compared these measurements to radiative transfer simulations of scattering and dichroic absorption processes, using the Monte-Carlo code MontAGN. We establish a detailed table of the relative importance of the polarising mechanism as a function of the aperture and of the wavelength. We are able to separate the dominant polarising mechanisms in the three regions of the ionisation cone, the extended envelop of the torus and the very central bright source of the AGN. Thus, we estimate the contribution of the different polarisation mechanisms to the observed polarisation flux in these regions. Dichroic absorption is estimated to be responsible for about 99 % of the polarised flux coming from the photo-centre. However, this contribution would be restricted to this location only, double scattering process being the most important contributor to polarisation in the equatorial plane of the AGN and single scattering being dominant in the polar outflow bi-cone.
Elicitation of vocabulary from the Hupa Language Dictionary
Creators: name: Parker, Verdena
name: Campbell, Amy
name: Newbold, Lindsey
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: hup

description: Audio files VP-020807-07 and VP-020807-08: Elicitation of vocabulary from the Hupa Language Dictionary. English headwords 'pack' to 'pack train' (VP-020807-07) and 'paddle' to 'pay attention' (VP-020807-08).
Fundamental solutions for the Dirac equation in curved spacetime and generalized Euler-Poisson-Darboux equation
Creators: name: Yagdjian, Karen
name: Galstian, Anahit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 35Q05, 35Q40, 81Q05

description: We present the fundamental solutions for the spin-1/2 fields propagating in the spacetimes with power type expansion/contraction and the fundamental solution of the Cauchy problem for the Dirac equation. The derivation of these fundamental solutions is based on formulas for the solutions to the generalized Euler-Poisson-Darboux equation, which are obtained by the integral transform approach.
Transport through single-wall metallic carbon nanotubes in the cotunneling regime
Creators: name: Weymann, I.
name: Barnas, J.
name: Krompiewski, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the real-time diagrammatic technique and taking into account both the sequential and cotunneling processes, we analyze the transport properties of single-wall metallic carbon nanotubes coupled to nonmagnetic and ferromagnetic leads in the full range of parameters. In particular, considering the two different shell filling schemes of the nanotubes, we discuss the behavior of the differential conductance, tunnel magnetoresistance and the shot noise. We show that in the Coulomb diamonds corresponding to even occupations, the shot noise becomes super-Poissonian due to bunching of fast tunneling processes resulting from the dynamical channel blockade, whereas in the other diamonds the noise is roughly Poissonian, in agreement with recent experiments. The tunnel magnetoresistance is very sensitive to the number of electrons in the nanotube and exhibits a distinctively different behavior depending on the shell filling sequence of the nanotube.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures