cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Patient-reported dose satisfaction and shared decision-making in injectable opioid agonist treatment
Creators: name: Beaumont, Scott
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2025

description: Background: Across different types of oral Opioid Agonist Treatment for people with Opioid Use Disorder, receiving a dose that meets clients’ needs is associated with better outcomes. Evidence also shows clients are more likely to receive an “adequate dose” when their prescribers involve them in decision making. Neither of these findings have been studied in the context of injectable Opioid Agonist Treatment, which is the purpose of this study. Methods: This study was a retrospective analysis of an 18-month prospective longitudinal cohort of 131 injectable Opioid Agonist Treatment clients. Participant-observations were collected at the start, and then at months 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 18. Starting at month 6, participants were asked whether their dose was satisfactory to them (outcome variable). To account for multiple observations from each participant, Generalized Estimating Equations were used. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were conducted with variables of interest. Building of the final model used a stepwise approach. Results: 545 participant-observations were included in the analysis. These were grouped by “dose is satisfactory” and “wants higher dose”. From unadjusted analyses, participants were less likely to report being satisfied with their dose if they: were Indigenous, had worse psychological or physical health problems, had ever attempted suicide, were younger when they first injected any drug, were a current smoker, felt troubled by drug problems, gave their medication a lower “drug liking” score, and felt that their doctor was not including them in decisions the way they wanted to be. In the final multivariate model, all previously significant associations except for “current smoker” and “troubled by drug problems” were no longer significant after the addition of the “drug liking” score. Conclusions: These findings suggest that improving shared decision-making in iOAT may enhance dose satisfaction, which is associated with reduced substance use–related concerns and greater acceptance of prescribed medications. The association between dose dissatisfaction and disliking the medication highlights the clinical importance of increasing available medication and formulation options. Policies that support patient-centered approaches and broaden access to different opioid agonists may be critical to achieving more effective care for individuals with opioid use disorder.
Automated Deep Learning Optimization via DSL-Based Source Code Transformation
Creators: name: Wang, Ruixin
name: Lu, Minghai
name: Yu, Cody Hao
name: Lai, Yi-Hsiang
name: Zhang, Tianyi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: D.2.11; I.2.0

description: As deep learning models become increasingly bigger and more complex, it is critical to improve model training and inference efficiency. Though a variety of highly optimized libraries and packages (known as DL kernels) have been developed, it is tedious and time-consuming to figure out which kernel to use, where to use, and how to use them correctly. To address this challenge, we propose an Automated Deep learning OPTimization approach called Adopter. We design a Domain-Specific Language (DSL) to represent DL model architectures and leverage this DSL to specify model transformation rules required to integrate a DL kernel into a model. Given the source code of a DL model and the transformation rules for a set of kernels, Adopter first performs inter-procedural analysis to identify and express the model architecture in our DSL. Then, Adopter performs scope analysis and sub-sequence matching to identify locations in the model architecture where the transformation rules can be applied. Finally, Adopter proposes a synthesis-based code transformation method to apply the transformation rule. We curated a benchmark with 199 models from Hugging Face and a diverse set of DL kernels. We found that, compared to a state-of-the-art automated code transformation technique, Adopter helps improve the precision and recall by 3% and 56%, respectively. An in-depth analysis of 9 models revealed that on average, Adopter improved the training speed by 22.7% while decreasing the GPU memory usage by 10.5%.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures, Accepted to ISSTA 2024
Learning What to See in a Changing World
Creators: name: Schmack, Katharina
name: Weilnhammer, Veith
name: Heinzle, Jakob
name: Stephan, Klaas E.
name: Sterzer, Philipp
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: visual perception
subject: Bayesian brain
subject: bistable perception
subject: associative learning
subject: sensory memory
subject: hierarchical Gaussian filter
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Visual perception is strongly shaped by expectations, but it is poorly understood how such perceptual expectations are learned in our dynamic sensory environment. Here, we applied a Bayesian framework to investigate whether perceptual expectations are continuously updated from different aspects of ongoing experience. In two experiments, human observers performed an associative learning task in which rapidly changing expectations about the appearance of ambiguous stimuli were induced. We found that perception of ambiguous stimuli was biased by both learned associations and previous perceptual outcomes. Computational modeling revealed that perception was best explained by a model that continuously updated priors from associative learning and perceptual history and combined these priors with the current sensory information in a probabilistic manner. Our findings suggest that the construction of visual perception is a highly dynamic process that incorporates rapidly changing expectations from different sources in a manner consistent with Bayesian learning and inference.
Global record-breaking recurrence rates indicates more widespread and intense surface air temperature and precipitation extremes
Creators: name: Benestad, Rasmus
name: Lussana, Cristian
name: Dobler, Andreas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: record-breaking events
Temperature
precipitation
Climate change
extremes

description: We analysed the global geographical characteristics of how extreme surface air temperature and rainfall have evolved, based on the recurrence rate of record-breaking events, and found hot spots with anomalously high as well as regions with anomalously low numbers of record-breaking events. The recurrence rate was defined as the proportion of the actual count of record-breaking events over time to the number expected in a hypothetically stable climate. In a stable climate, the data is independent and identically distributed (iid) if the data is sampled at intervals that makes the autocorrelation between data points negligible. Anomalous recurrence rates indicate shifts in the tails of statistical distributions, and our analysis of record-high annual mean surface air temperatures revealed highest recurrence rates in the tropics, as opposed to the polar regions with the fastest warming. We present new evidence for extremely hot years becoming more common and widespread over the 1950-2023 period, based on recurrence rates as well as the global surface area fraction with daily mean surface air temperature exceeding 30°C and 40°C. A similar analysis for annual total precipitation highlights regions with increasingly more extreme annual precipitation as well as record-low annual precipitation typically associated with drought conditions. A multi-model ensemble of 306 runs with global climate models (CMIP6 SSP2-45) reproduced the statistics of record-breaking high annual mean surface air temperatures, but there were some differences with the reanalysis on annual total precipitation record-breaking recurrence rates. The global climate model simulations suggested a slightly altered geographical pattern for record-breaking annual precipitation recurrence rates, especially over parts of the Arctic.
description: Analysis using R and R-markdown script. Data from the ERA5 and NCEP2 reanalyses as well as global glimate models (CMIP6 SSP2-45).
Unterirdische Raumplanung und nachhaltige Ressourcenbewirtschaftung am Beispiel von ausgewählten Regionen
Creators: name: Keimeyer, Friedhelm
name: Schulze, Falk
name: Runge, Karsten
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Unterirdische Raumplanung
subject: Raumordnung
subject: Untergrund
subject: Untertägige Raumplanung
subject: Bundesraumordnung
subject: best practice
subject: Nachhaltigkeit | Strategien | Internationales
subject: Waste | Resources

description: Das Projekt hatte zum Ziel Erkenntnisse zur Umsetzbarkeit konzeptioneller Ansätze einer nachhaltigen, vorausschauenden, vorsorgenden unterirdischen Raumplanung in der Planungspraxis zu gewinnen. Hintergrund sind die wachsenden Nutzungsmöglichkeiten des unterirdischen Raumes einschließlich damit einhergehender potenzieller Nutzungskonflikte und des Schutzes von Umweltgütern, allen voran der Grundwasserschutz. Es gilt die begrenzte Ressource unterirdischer Raum effizient zu nutzen und gleichzeitig die Nutzungsoptionen auch für die kommenden Generationen offen zu halten. Neben den klassischen Nutzungen können zukünftig weitere Nutzungsoptionen hinzutreten, die den Nutzungsdruck im Untergrund erhöhen und die Frage nach seiner koordinierenden und vorsorgenden Planung aufwerfen. Auch können neue Erkenntnisse über die Umweltsituation und -güter hinzutreten (beispielsweise unterirdische Grundwasserleiter), die ein Umdenken in der Nutzung des Untergrunds erfordern. Treiber dieser Debatte waren die Gasförderung aus unkonventionellen Lagerstätten mittels Fracking und die Ablagerung von Kohlenstoffdioxid (⁠CCS⁠).Die grundlegenden geowissenschaftlichen, planerischen und rechtlichen Zusammenhänge einer unterirdischen Raumplanung wurden im Forschungsvorhaben „Unterirdische Raumplanung – Vorschläge des Umweltschutzes zur Verbesserung der über- und untertägigen Informationsgrund-lagen, zur Ausgestaltung des Planungsinstrumentariums und zur nachhaltigen Lösung von Nutzungskonflikten (FKZ 3711 16 103 1/2)“ untersucht. Aufbauend auf diesen Ergebnissen widmete sich dieses Vorhaben der praktischen Umsetzbarkeit einer nachhaltigen unterirdischen Raumplanung.Zuerst fand eine umfassende Befragung relevanter Akteure statt. Zudem wurden verschiedene (Modell-)Planungsregionen und damit gleichzeitig unterschiedliche geologische Ausgangssituationen betrachtet. Zur Simulation der praktischen Vorgehensweise bei der unterirdischen Raumplanung wurde ein Planspiel durchgeführt.
Worker contributions to the psychological well being of persons with a severe mental illness
Creators: name: Kroitor, Yvanna
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Health Sciences, Mental Health.
subject: Psychology, Clinical.

description: Due to the deinstitutionalization movement which began over thirty years ago, community treatment programs for persons with severe mental illness have had to be developed to replace the services and support that were previously available in psychiatric hospitals. Apart from the Assertive Community Treatment (ACT) model, which has been much studied and shown to be superior both to other types of treatment and to controls, few consistent differences have been found among the different community treatment models. This may be partially due to the fact that the contribution of worker characteristics to client well being has not previously been taken into account. The effect that the individual worker has on the client and on treatment outcomes is comparable to therapist effects in the psychotherapy literature. This study was designed to examine the effects of worker characteristics on the well being of persons with severe mental illness living in the community. A sample of 65 people served by an ACT program were interviewed to obtain self-reports of subjective quality of life, symptoms and the relationship with their worker. The workers also rated their clients' level of functioning and each completed a self-report measure of attitudes toward mental illness. In addition, supervisors were asked to rate workers' competence on a newly-developed Competency Rating Scale. It was hypothesized that greater worker competency, a more positive attitude to mental illness, and a greater number of years working in the mental health field would have both direct and indirect effects (through the working alliance) on client well being in the form of better quality of life, fewer symptoms and improved functioning. It was found that a closer working alliance was associated with greater client well being in the form of greater quality of life and better functioning. Surprisingly, the strongest association found was between a greater number of worker years in mental health and quality of life, with workers who had more years experience in the field of mental health having clients who reported a lower subjective quality of life. It was suggested that workers who started in the field earlier may have learned and adopted a more restrictive philosophy about mental health treatment than that which is currently being taught.
A continuum and computational framework for viscoelastodynamics: III. A nonlinear theory
Creators: name: Liu, Ju
name: Guan, Jiashen
name: Zhao, Chongran
name: Luo, Jiawei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We continue our investigation of viscoelasticity by extending the Holzapfel-Simo approach discussed in Part I to the fully nonlinear regime. By scrutinizing the relaxation property for the non-equilibrium stresses, it is revealed that a kinematic assumption akin to the Green-Naghdi type is necessary in the design of the potential. This insight underscores a link between the so-called additive plasticity and the viscoelasticity model under consideration, further inspiring our development of a nonlinear viscoelasticity theory. Our strategy is based on Hill's hyperelasticity framework and leverages the concept of generalized strains. Notably, the adopted kinematic assumption makes the proposed theory fundamentally different from the existing models rooted in the notion of the intermediate configuration. The computation aspects, including the consistent linearization, constitutive integration, and modular implementation, are addressed in detail. A suite of numerical examples is provided to demonstrate the capability of the proposed model in characterizing viscoelastic material behaviors at large strains.
Design and synthetic approach to a taxoid analogue.
Creators: name: Mackintosh, Nicole Lea.
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Chemistry, Organic.

description: The design and synthetic strategy towards a taxoid analogue that contains the important functional groups required for biological activity is described. The key reactions include a directed ortho metalation and a tether controlled intramolecular Diels-Alder reaction. Commercially available 4-bromobenzyl bromide (20) was successfully converted to the benzamide (39) via a metal-halogen exchange reaction, followed by a directed ortho metalation reaction. Addition of iododiene (13) to the benzamide provided amide 59. This amide was then lactonized to 61 in quantitative yield. Reduction of the lactone has yielded the diol in good yield. Oxidation of the selectively protected diol would give aldehyde 93, which after Grignard addition will produce the Diels-Alder precursor 94.
Optimizing E-commerce Search: Toward a Generalizable and Rank-Consistent Pre-Ranking Model
Creators: name: Xu, Enqiang
name: Qiu, Yiming
name: Bai, Junyang
name: Zhang, Ping
name: Miao, Dadong
name: Wang, Songlin
name: Tang, Guoyu
name: Liu, Lin
name: Li, Mingming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: H.3.3

description: In large e-commerce platforms, search systems are typically composed of a series of modules, including recall, pre-ranking, and ranking phases. The pre-ranking phase, serving as a lightweight module, is crucial for filtering out the bulk of products in advance for the downstream ranking module. Industrial efforts on optimizing the pre-ranking model have predominantly focused on enhancing ranking consistency, model structure, and generalization towards long-tail items. Beyond these optimizations, meeting the system performance requirements presents a significant challenge. Contrasting with existing industry works, we propose a novel method: a Generalizable and RAnk-ConsistEnt Pre-Ranking Model (GRACE), which achieves: 1) Ranking consistency by introducing multiple binary classification tasks that predict whether a product is within the top-k results as estimated by the ranking model, which facilitates the addition of learning objectives on common point-wise ranking models; 2) Generalizability through contrastive learning of representation for all products by pre-training on a subset of ranking product embeddings; 3) Ease of implementation in feature construction and online deployment. Our extensive experiments demonstrate significant improvements in both offline metrics and online A/B test: a 0.75% increase in AUC and a 1.28% increase in CVR.
Supplementary document for Enhanced stability of the focus obtained by wavefront optimization in dynamical scattering media - 4251541.pdf
Creators: name: Blochet, Baptiste
name: Joaquina, Kelly
name: Blum, Lisa
name: Bourdieu, Laurent
name: Gigan, Sylvain
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2025
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Analytical models
Functional Electrospun Nanofiber Membranes for Nanomaterials Filtration Applications
Creators: name: Al-Attabi, Riyadh
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: This work aims at developing composite electrospun nanofiber membranes with multifunction performance (combination of filtration properties and catalytic activity). The main advantage of the fabricated nanofiber composite membranes is its multi-functionality for air purification and degradation. The production of such electrospun nanofiber membrane would overcome several challenges related to the chemistry, structure, homogeneity and diameter distribution of the nanofibers. The materials developed in this work offer practical application of fine separation applications and opportunities for the development of reusable membranes and application with complex biological microorganisms and pathogens filtration.
Discovery of a Perseus-like cloud in the early Universe: H I-to-H 2 transition, carbon monoxide and small dust grains at z abs ≈ 2.53 towards the quasar J0000+0048
Creators: name: Noterdaeme, P.
name: Krogager, J. K.
name: Balashev, S.
name: Ge, J.
name: Gupta, N.
name: Krühler, T.
name: Ledoux, C.
name: Murphy, Michael
name: Pâris, I.
name: Petitjean, P.
name: Rahmani, H.
name: Srianand, R.
name: Ubachs, W.
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 5101
subject: Astronomical sciences
classificationCode: 5109
subject: Space sciences

description: We present the discovery of a molecular cloud at zabs ≈ 2.5255 along the line of sight to the quasar SDSS J 000015.17+004833.3. We use a high-resolution spectrum obtained with the Ultraviolet and Visual Echelle Spectrograph together with a deep multi-wavelength medium-resolution spectrum obtained with X-shooter (both on the Very Large Telescope) to perform a detailed analysis of the absorption lines from ionic, neutral atomic and molecular species in different excitation levels, as well as the broad-band dust extinction. We find that the absorber classifies as a Damped Lyman-α system (DLA) with log N(H i) (cm-2) = 20.8 ± 0.1. The DLA has super-solar metallicity (Z ~ 2.5 Z⊙, albeit to within a factor of two to three) with a depletion pattern typical of cold gas and an overall molecular fraction f = 2N(H2)/(2N(H2) + N(H i)) ~ 50%. This is the highest f-value observed to date in a high-z intervening system. Most of the molecular hydrogen arises from a clearly identified narrow (b ~ 0.7km s-1), cold component in which carbon monoxide molecules are also found, with log N(CO)â‰ 15. With the help of the spectral synthesis code Cloudy, we study the chemical and physical conditions in the cold gas. We find that the line of sight probes the gas deep after the H i-to-H2 transition in a ~4-5 pc-size cloud with volumic density nH ~ 80 cm-3 and temperature of only 50 K. Our model suggests that the presence of small dust grains (down to about 0.001 μm) and high cosmic ray ionisation rate (ζH ~ a few times 10-15 s-1) are needed to explain the observed atomic and molecular abundances. The presence of small grains is also in agreement with the observed steep extinction curve that also features a 2175 Å bump. Interestingly, the chemical and physical properties of this cloud are very similar to what is seen in diffuse molecular regions of the nearby Perseus complex, despite the former being observed when the Universe was only 2.5 Gyr old. The high excitation temperature of CO rotational levels towards J0000+0048 betrays however the higher temperature of the cosmic microwave background. Using the derived physical conditions, we correct for a small contribution (0.3 K) of collisional excitation and obtain TCMB(z = 2.53) ≈ 9.6 K, in perfect agreement with the predicted adiabatic cooling of the Universe.
Fishing for Foresters: A New Institutional Analysis of Community Participation in an Aboriginal-owned Forest Company
Creators: name: DiFrancesco, Darryn Anne
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Geography.
subject: Agriculture, Forestry and Wildlife.
subject: Native American Studies.

description: Aboriginal groups across Canada are looking for new ways to improve the living conditions of their people. Coast Tsimshian Resources LP is a forest company that is collectively owned by the Lax Kw'alaams band, a traditional fishing community in northern British Columbia. This research investigates the collectively-owned company as a possible creative means toward development, but in the process uncovers the significance of community 'embeddedness' in shaping development outcomes. Data was collected primarily through semi-structured and informal interviews with respondents from the community and company, among others. Interviews revealed the problem of a disconnection between the community and company. Through a New Institutional Analysis, which pays particular attention to context, the possible reasons for the disconnect are explored, and community 'embeddedness' is presented as a way of understanding it. Fishing is identified as a culturally salient practice and serves as a point of comparison to explain the lack of participation in the company's forestry activities. Suggestions for ways the company can work within this 'embeddedness' to ameliorate the disconnect are provided, and an elevated appreciation of the "sub-institutional elements" within New Institutional theory is suggested. Finally, the community-owned company is evaluated in terms of its ability to meet the development goals and visions of the Lax Kw'alaams band and First Nations in Canada.
Supplementary document for Enhanced stability of the focus obtained by wavefront optimization in dynamical scattering media - 4251541.pdf
Creators: name: Blochet, Baptiste
name: Joaquina, Kelly
name: Blum, Lisa
name: Bourdieu, Laurent
name: Gigan, Sylvain
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2019
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Analytical models
An Automatic Prompt Generation System for Tabular Data Tasks
Creators: name: Akella, Ashlesha
name: Manatkar, Abhijit
name: Chavda, Brij
name: Patel, Hima
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Efficient processing of tabular data is important in various industries, especially when working with datasets containing a large number of columns. Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated their ability on several tasks through carefully crafted prompts. However, creating effective prompts for tabular datasets is challenging due to the structured nature of the data and the need to manage numerous columns. This paper presents an innovative auto-prompt generation system suitable for multiple LLMs, with minimal training. It proposes two novel methods; 1) A Reinforcement Learning-based algorithm for identifying and sequencing task-relevant columns 2) Cell-level similarity-based approach for enhancing few-shot example selection. Our approach has been extensively tested across 66 datasets, demonstrating improved performance in three downstream tasks: data imputation, error detection, and entity matching using two distinct LLMs; Google flan-t5-xxl and Mixtral 8x7B.
description: Accepted to NAACL 2024 Industry Track
A Case Study of Adult Deaf Literacy Learners: Literacy Practices through a Socio-cultural Lens
Creators: name: Roberts, Meagan
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Education, Adult and Continuing.
subject: Education, Special.

description: The purpose of the study was to examine a literacy program serving Canadian deaf and hard of hearing adults, through a socio-cultural perspective of learning. A provincially-funded literacy program for deaf adults provided an opportunity to understand the dynamics of literacy learning within a richly cultural environment. Theories of situated learning and situated cognition were used to examine learning within six literacy learning settings. The findings of the research study showed evidence of situated learning and communities of practices. Four socio-cultural themes emerged from the findings: ASL as a shared language, roles of instructors, new literacy practices and personal development. The socio-cultural elements played a role in the lived experiences of the learners and helped shape the students' identities as deaf literacy learners. The findings of the study provide new insights on how literacy learning can be embraced using a socio-cultural perspective and deepens our understanding of deaf literacy learning.
Optical contrast analysis of α-RuCl$_3$ nanoflakes on oxidized silicon wafers
Creators: name: Ivanova, Tatyana V.
name: Andres-Penares, Daniel
name: Wang, Yiping
name: Yan, Jiaqiang
name: Forbes, Daniel
name: Ozdemir, Servet
name: Burch, Kenneth S.
name: Gerardot, Brian D.
name: Brotons-Gisbert, Mauro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: α-RuCl$_3$, a narrow-band Mott insulator with large work function, offers intriguing potential as a quantum material or as a charge acceptor for electrical contacts in van der Waals devices. In this work, we perform a systematic study of the optical reflection contrast of α-RuCl$_3$ nanoflakes on oxidized silicon wafers and estimate the accuracy of this imaging technique to assess the crystal thickness. Via spectroscopic micro-ellipsometry measurements, we characterize the wavelength-dependent complex refractive index of α-RuCl$_3$ nanoflakes of varying thickness in the visible and near-infrared. Building on these results, we simulate the optical contrast of α-RuCl$_3$ nanoflakes with thicknesses below 100 nm on SiO$_2$/Si substrates under different illumination conditions. We compare the simulated optical contrast with experimental values extracted from optical microscopy images and obtain good agreement. Finally, we show that optical contrast imaging allows us to retrieve the thickness of the RuCl$_3$ nanoflakes exfoliated on an oxidized silicon substrate with a mean deviation of -0.2 nm for thicknesses below 100 nm with a standard deviation of only 1 nm. Our results demonstrate that optical contrast can be used as a non-invasive, fast, and reliable technique to estimate the α-RuCl$_3$ thickness.
Organization and processing of gustatory information in the Drosophila brain
Creators: name: Li, Jinfang
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2025

description: Taste is a sensory modality that is crucial to animal survival. It informs the animal whether the presented food is safe for consumption and whether the food meets the nutritional requirements under some circumstances. In Drosophila melanogaster, the vinegar fly, taste is also involved in other complex behaviors such as courtship and oviposition. Due to the multifaceted roles of taste in the fly, it is difficult to deduce unifying sensory coding principles in the fly brain. I utilized the recently developed fly whole-brain connectome to examine taste coding in the early steps of sensory processing. I found that the representation of taste quality is largely segregated at the local interneurons (LNs). Moreover, many taste projection neurons (TPNs) receive indirect inputs from the taste sensory neurons via a layer of cholinergic LNs, whose organization differs from the well-established fly olfactory circuits. Using functional imaging and morphological studies, my results suggest that each cholinergic LN serves as a node to convey feedforward information to a set of morphologically similar TPNs. Moreover, behavioral studies showed that not only taste quality representation but also circuits carrying short- and long-term reinforcement information are segregated in the early steps of taste circuits. Together, these results indicate that taste circuits diverge in early relays to conduct sensory processing in parallel, which ultimately leads to diversified functions from the limited number of taste qualities.
La critique du socialisme dans "Les Démons" de Dostoievski
Creators: name: Latulippe, Samuel
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Literature, Slavic and East European.
subject: Political Science, General.

description: Cette thèse porte sur la critique du socialisme proposée par Fedor Dostoievski. Elle cherche plus précisement à comprendre le sens de la critique du socialisme offerte par l'auteur dans son roman Les Démons. L'hypothèse défendue est que c'est dans la question de la liberté que se trouve la clef de la critique du socialisme proposée par Dostoievski. Pour lui, le socialisme serait condamné parce qu'il constitue un rejet par l'homme de sa liberté, marque par une déresponsabilisation complète. Dostoievski voit dans le socialisme un effort pour évacuer la dimension métaphysique de la liberté pour tout ramener à l'homme, dépouillant ainsi la liberté de ce qui lui confère son essence. Ce faisant, l'homme procède à la stérilisation d'une valeur suprême, transcendante. Pour Dostoievski, le socialisme ne peut donc répondre au problème de la liberté. Pour lui, la réponse à la question de la liberté se trouve justement dans la transcendance, dans la liberté qu'offre le christianisme à l'homme. Le Christ fait le pont entre la liberté métaphysique et l'homme. Il permet à celui-ci d'aspirer à une liberté supérieure (ce que l'adhésion à un système politique tel que le socialisme rend impossible) tout en lui évitant de se perdre dans le gouffre du nihilisme. La liberté telle que comprise par le christianisme constitue, pour Dostoievski, la seule possibilité pour l'homme d'atteindre un degré de liberté supérieur, d'assouvir sa quête infinie pour une liberté illimitée et de régler definitivement le problème de la liberté.
Bioabfallkomposte und -gärreste in der Landwirtschaft
Creators: name: Bannick, Claus Gerhard
name: Claussen, Ulrich
name: Hermann, Tim
name: Ehlers, Knut
name: Weiss, Volker
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Bioabfall
subject: Verwertung
subject: Kompost
subject: Gärrest
subject: Landwirtschaft
subject: Düngemittel
subject: Abfall | Ressourcen

description: In mehr als 1.000 Kompostierungs- und Vergärungsanlagen werden in Deutschland getrennt gesammelte Bioabfälle behandelt, um die entstehenden Erzeugnisse (Komposte und Gärreste) anschließend als ŞDünger und Humuslieferant verwerten zu können. Der größte Anteil sind getrennt gesammelte ŞKüchen- und Gartenabfälle aus privaten Haushalten, aber auch aus der Park- und Landschaftspflege der Städte und Gemeinden. Ebenso gehören zu den Bioabfällen tierische und pflanzliche Abfälle aus der Lebensmittel erzeugenden und verarbeitenden Industrie sowie gewerbliche Bioabfälle wie abgelaufene Lebensmittel aus dem Handel und Speiseabfälle aus Restaurants und Kantinen. Quelle: Verlagsinformation
description: In mehr als 1.000 Kompostierungs- und Vergärungsanlagen werden in Deutschland getrennt gesammelte Bioabfälle behandelt, um die entstehenden Erzeugnisse (Komposte und Gärreste) anschließend als ­Dünger und Humuslieferant verwerten zu können. Der ­größte Anteil sind getrennt gesammelte ­Küchen- und Gartenabfälle aus privaten Haushalten, aber auch aus der Park- und Landschaftspflege der Städte und Gemeinden. Ebenso gehören zu den Bioabfällen tierische und pflanzliche Abfälle aus der Lebens­mittel erzeugenden und verarbeitenden Industrie sowie gewerbliche Bioabfälle wie abgelaufene Lebensmittel aus dem Handel und Speiseabfälle aus Restaurants und Kantinen.
Entanglement Entropy, Phase Transition, and Island Rule for Reissner-Nordström-AdS Black Holes
Creators: name: Lin, Shu-Yi
name: Yu, Ming-Hui
name: Ge, Xian-Hui
name: Tian, Li-Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This study focuses on the examination of the island rule within the context of four-dimensional Reissner-Nordström-AdS (4D RN-AdS) black holes, illuminating the intricate relationship between the entanglement entropy and phase transitions of black holes. The entanglement entropy of 4D RN-AdS black holes follows the anticipated linear growth pattern before ultimately declining to a constant value, in accordance with the well-established Page curve. The novelty of this study lies in the examination of the influence, previously unexplored, of the first-order phase transition on the shape and evolution of the Page curve in situations involving both eternal and evaporating black holes. Despite the morphological alterations of the curve induced by the transition, the inherent unitarity of the system persists. As the evaporation progresses, the Page curve displays diverse configurations, unveiling phenomena that are novel and defies traditional expectations, thereby enriching our comprehension of the thermodynamics of black holes interlinked with quantum information.
description: 31 pages, 10 figures
Supplementary document for High performance metalenses: numerical aperture, aberrations, chromaticity, and trade-offs - 4259642.pdf
Creators: name: Liang, Haowen
name: Martins, Augusto
name: Borges, Ben-Hur
name: Zhou, Jianying
name: Martins, Emiliano
name: Li, Juntao
name: Krauss, Thomas
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2025
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supplemental document.
Perspektiven einer transformativen Umweltpolitik und die Erfolgsfaktoren für deren Umsetzung
Creators: name: Kristof, Kora
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2023
Subjects: Klimaänderung
Sozialer Wandel
Umweltbeeinträchtigung
Umweltpolitik

description: Der Klimawandel und viele andere Umwelt- sowie soziale Probleme zeigen uns immer deutlicher, dass ein grundlegender Wandel ansteht. Viele gute Ideen bleiben aber bei der Umsetzung stecken. Deshalb stellt sich die Frage, wie wir erfolgreicher verändern können. Dafür reicht es nicht, sich nur mit dem "Was soll sich verändern zu beschäftigen. Es stellt sich verstärkt auch die Frage: "Was sind die zentralen Erfolgsfaktoren für gesellschaftliche Veränderungen?" Quelle: Artikel
An evaluation of a rule-based parser of English sentences.
Creators: name: Scarlett, Elizabeth A.
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Language, Linguistics.

description: DIPETT (Domain Independent Parser of English Technical Text) is a broad-coverage parser of English technical text that is used primarily in the TANKA (Text Analysis for Knowledge Acquisition) project. The TANKA project seeks to build a model of a technical domain by semi-automatically processing written text that describes the domain. No other source of domain-specific knowledge is available. The accuracy and completeness of a semantic representation generated by TANKA is partly determined by the accuracy of DIPETT's syntactic analysis of the text. The thesis argues that a test suite for a broad coverage natural language parser must necessarily be systematic, broad in its coverage of phenomena tested, and corpus-like in its coverage of phenomenon interaction. A test suite of example sentences extracted from Quirk et. al.'s comprehensive English grammar is proposed, and the results of evaluating DIPETT on that suite are compared with the evaluation results on a publicly available test suite, TSNLP (Test Suites for Natural Language Processing). (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
Supplementary document for High performance metalenses: numerical aperture, aberrations, chromaticity, and trade-offs - 4259642.pdf
Creators: name: Liang, Haowen
name: Martins, Augusto
name: Borges, Ben-Hur
name: Zhou, Jianying
name: Martins, Emiliano
name: Li, Juntao
name: Krauss, Thomas
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2019
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supplemental document.
Dual-modality NIRF-MRI cubosomes and hexosomes: High throughput formulation and in vivo biodistribution
Creators: name: Tran, Nhiem
name: Bye, Nicole
name: Moffat, Bradford A.
name: Wright, David K.
name: Cuddihy, Andrew
name: Hinton, Tracey M.
name: Hawley, Adrian M.
name: Reynolds, Nicholas
name: Waddington, Lynne J.
name: Mulet, Xavier
name: Turnley, Ann M.
name: Morganti-Kossmann, M. Cristina
name: Muir, Benjamin W.
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: Engineered nanoparticles with multiple complementary imaging modalities are of great benefit to the rapid treatment and diagnosis of disease in various organs. Herein, we report the formulation of cubosomes and hexosomes that carry multiple amphiphilic imaging contrast agents in their self-assembled lipid bilayers. This is the first report of the use of both near infrared fluorescent (NIRF) imaging and gadolinium lipid based magnetic resonance (MR) imaging modalities in cubosomes and hexosomes. High-throughput screening was used to rapidly optimize formulations with desirable nano-architectures and low in vitro cytotoxicity. The dual-modal imaging nanoparticles in vivo biodistribution and organ specific contrast enhancement were then studied. The NIRF in vivo imaging results indicated accumulation of both cubosomes and hexosomes in the liver and spleen of mice up to 20 h post-injection. Remarkably, the biodistribution of the nanoparticle formulations was affected by the mesophase (i.e. cubic or hexagonal), a finding of significant importance for the future use of these compounds, with hexosomes showing higher accumulation in the spleen than the liver compared to cubosomes. Furthermore, in vivo MRI data of animals injected with either type of lyotropic liquid crystal nanoparticle displayed enhanced contrast in the liver and spleen.
Developing Thermal Spray High Entropy Alloys for Bond Coat Applications
Creators: name: Anupam, Ameey
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: This thesis explores a new type of metallic alloys called high entropy alloys (HEAs) with enhanced oxidation resistance for application as bond coats in jet engines. Towards this, several compositions of the AlCoCrFeNi family of HEAs were evaluated experimentally and two best compositions were realized. Increased Al , decreased Cr and Fe contents, and optimum microstructure were beneficial to alloy oxidation resistance. Thermal spray coatings of these HEAs were analysed to understand the development of their microstructure as well as oxidation mechanisms. Cold spray was validated as a viable process for coating HEAs for oxygen sensitive high temperature applications. These learnings will aid the development of more efficient turbine engines through blades with longer lifetimes.
title: Espectro Radiológico de la Neurosífilis
Creators: name: García Gómez Muriel, María Isabel
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Neuroradiology brain

description: Objetivo docente
Revisión del tema
Conclusiones
description: Objetivo docente:
Revisar una entidad cuya incidencia ha aumentado recientemente en determinados grupos de riesgo. Describir los hallazgos radiológicos más frecuentes de la...
title: INTERCONSULTAS RADIOLÓGICAS A DEMANDA: Análisis y Consecuencias
Creators: name: Moral Molero, Mª Elena
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cost-effectiveness
subject: Audit and standards
subject: Management
subject: Professional issues

description: Objetivos
Material y método
Resultados
Conclusiones
description: Objetivos:
Realizar un muestreo y posterior análisis de las interconsultas a demanda solicitadas al Servicio de Radiología de nuestro Centro por el resto de especialidades hospitalarias y centros de Atención Primaria vinculados,
para plantear cuál es su...
Optimal bolometer transfer function deconvolution for CMB experiments through maximum likelihood mapmaking
Creators: name: Basyrov, A.
name: Stutzer, N. O.
name: Lunde, J. G. S.
name: Eriksen, H. K.
name: Gjerløw, E.
name: Watts, D. J.
name: Wehus, I. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit the impact of finite time responses of bolometric detectors used for deep observations of the cosmic microwave background (CMB). Until now, bolometer transfer functions have been accounted for through a two-step procedure by first deconvolving an estimate of their Fourier-space representation from the raw time-ordered data (TOD), and then averaging the deconvolved TOD into pixelized maps. However, for many experiments, including the Planck High Frequency Instrument (HFI), it is necessary to apply an additional low-pass filter to avoid an excessive noise boost, which leads to an asymmetric effective beam. In this paper we demonstrate that this effect can be avoided if the transfer function deconvolution and pixelization operations are performed simultaneously through integrated maximum likelihood mapmaking. The resulting algorithm is structurally identical to the artDeco algorithm introduced by Keihänen & Reinecke (2012) for beam deconvolution. We illustrate the relevance of this method with simulated Planck HFI 143 GHz data, and find that the resulting effective beam is both more symmetric than with the two-step procedure, resulting in a sky-averaged ellipticity that is 64 % lower, and an effective beam full-width-at-half-maximum (FWHM) that is 2.3 % smaller. Similar improvements are expected for any other bolometer-based CMB experiments with long time constants.
description: 7 pages, 11 figures
title: Exploración ecográfica del tobillo: PATOLOGÍA más prevalente en nuestro medio
Creators: name: Moral Molero, Mª Elena
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Trauma
subject: Pathology
subject: Athletic injuries
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Musculoskeletal system
subject: Musculoskeletal soft tissue

description: Objetivo docente
Revisión del tema
Conclusiones
description: Objetivo docente:
Exponerla patología músculo-esquelética que asentando en la región anatómica del tobillo puede ser detectada mediante la utilización de ultrasonidos,
con ejemplos referentes al grupomás prevalenteen nuestro...
title: ABC del espacio retrocrural
Creators: name: Quintero Rivera, Juan Carlos
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Pathology
subject: CT
subject: Thorax

description: Objetivo docente
Revisión del tema
Conclusiones
description: Objetivo docente:
Ilustrar la anatomía normal de las cruras diafragmáticas y el espacio retrocrural Destacar la capacidad del TCMD en la evaluación de este espacio y las potenciales patologías que pueden asentar en el mismo Revisar la literatura a través de unos...
Comparison of flux line cutting behaviour in high critical temperature and conventional Type II superconductors.
Creators: name: Gandolfini, Germain.
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 1990
Subjects: subject: Physics, Electricity and Magnetism.

description: The magnetic behaviour (magnetization curves, Meissner effect, hysteresis losses, remanent flux and flux line cutting) for high $T\sb{c}$ samples of Nd and $YBa\sb{2}Cu\sb{3}O\sb{7-x}$ at 77 K, semi-reversible PbIn and hysteretic VTi at 4.2 K have been investigated and compared. The magnetic behaviour of the high $T\sb{c}$ samples and of the PbIn are remarkably similar but contrasts dramatically with the phenomena observed in the VTi. A hump structure appears in the low field region of the initial magnetization of the high $T\sb{c}$ samples. This phenomenon occurs because the sintered samples consist of a compact agglomeration of small irregularly shaped grains which are electrically coupled before the hump structure but are isolated after this feature. We show that the appropriate calibration should be based on the diamagnetic response of the uncoupled grains. A large ratio of $j\sb{c\Vert}$ to $j\sb{c\perp}$ (the critical current densities $\Vert$ and $\perp$ to the flux line density) accounts for the observations on the VTi in the flux cutting regime whereas $j\sb{c\Vert} \approx j\sb{c\perp}$ is indicated by the behaviour of the high $T\sb{c}$ and PbIn samples.