cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Microscopic calculations based on chiral two- and three-nucleon forces for proton- and $^{4}$He-nucleus scattering
Creators: name: Toyokawa, Masakazu
name: Yahiro, Masanobu
name: Matsumoto, Takuma
name: Minomo, Kosho
name: Ogata, Kazuyuki
name: Kohno, Michio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the effects of chiral three-nucleon force (3NF) on proton scattering at 65 MeV and $^{4}$He scattering at 72 MeV/nucleon from heavier targets, using the standard microscopic framework composed of the Brueckner-Hartree-Fock (BHF) method and the $g$-matrix folding model. For nuclear matter, the $g$ matrix is evaluated from chiral two-nucleon force (2NF) of N$^{3}$LO and chiral 3NF of NNLO by using the BHF method. Since the $g$ matrix thus obtained is numerical and nonlocal, an optimum local form is determined from the on-shell and near-on-shell components of $g$ matrix that are important for elastic scattering. For elastic scattering, the optical potentials are calculated by folding the local chiral $g$ matrix with projectile and target densities. This microscopic framework reproduces the experimental data without introducing any adjustable parameter. Chiral-3NF effects are small for proton scattering, but sizable for $^{4}$He scattering at middle angles where the data are available. Chiral 3NF, mainly in the 2$π$-exchange diagram, makes the folding potential less attractive and more absorptive for all the scattering.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
A continuous quality improvement intervention to improve the effectiveness of community health workers providing care to mothers and children: a cluster randomised controlled trial in South Africa
Creators: name: Phakathi, Sifiso
name: Haskins, Lyn
name: Mntambo, Ntokozo
name: Barker, Pierre
name: Butler, Lisa
name: Grant, Merridy
name: Rollins, Nigel
name: Horwood, Christiane
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: BACKGROUND: Community health workers (CHWs) play key roles in delivering health programmes in many countries worldwide. CHW programmes can improve coverage of maternal and child health services for the most disadvantaged and remote communities, leading to substantial benefits for mothers and children. However, there is limited evidence of effective mentoring and supervision approaches for CHWs.

METHODS: This is a cluster randomised controlled trial to investigate the effectiveness of a continuous quality improvement (CQI) intervention amongst CHWs providing home-based education and support to pregnant women and mothers. Thirty CHW supervisors were randomly allocated to intervention (n = 15) and control (n = 15) arms. Four CHWs were randomly selected from those routinely supported by each supervisor (n = 60 per arm). In the intervention arm, these four CHWs and their supervisor formed a quality improvement team. Intervention CHWs received a 2-week training in WHO Community Case Management followed by CQI mentoring for 12 months (preceded by 3 months lead-in to establish QI processes). Baseline and follow-up surveys were conducted with mothers of infants <12 months old living in households served by participating CHWs.

RESULTS: Interviews were conducted with 736 and 606 mothers at baseline and follow-up respectively; socio-demographic characteristics were similar in both study arms and at each time point. At follow-up, compared to mothers served by control CHWs, mothers served by intervention CHWs were more likely to have received a CHW visit during pregnancy (75.7 vs 29.0%, p < 0.0001) and the postnatal period (72.6 vs 30.3%, p < 0.0001). Intervention mothers had higher maternal and child health knowledge scores (49 vs 43%, p = 0.02) and reported higher exclusive breastfeeding rates to 6 weeks (76.7 vs 65.1%, p = 0.02). HIV-positive mothers served by intervention CHWs were more likely to have disclosed their HIV status to the CHW (78.7 vs 50.0%, p = 0.007). Uptake of facility-based interventions were not significantly different.

CONCLUSIONS: Improved training and CQI-based mentoring of CHWs can improve quantity and quality of CHW-mother interactions at household level, leading to improvements in mothers' knowledge and infant feeding practices.

TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.Gov NCT01774136.
Non-linear gauge transformations in $D=10$ SYM theory and the BCJ duality
Creators: name: Lee, Seungjin
name: Mafra, Carlos R.
name: Schlotterer, Oliver
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent progress on scattering amplitudes in super Yang--Mills and superstring theory benefitted from the use of multiparticle superfields. They universally capture tree-level subdiagrams, and their generating series solve the non-linear equations of ten-dimensional super Yang--Mills. We provide simplified recursions for multiparticle superfields and relate them to earlier representations through non-linear gauge transformations of their generating series. In this work we discuss the gauge transformations which enforce their Lie symmetries as suggested by the Bern-Carrasco-Johansson duality between color and kinematics. Another gauge transformation due to Harnad and Shnider is shown to streamline the theta-expansion of multiparticle superfields, bypassing the need to use their recursion relations beyond the lowest components. The findings of this work tremendously simplify the component extraction from kinematic factors in pure spinor superspace.
description: harvmac TeX, 35 pages, v2: published version
Multidimensional perspective in the academic support for Ukraine
Creators: name: Degtyarova, Iryna
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Ukraine
Poland
higher education
academic support
university

description: This presentation was delivered at the III Forum of the Councils of Young Scientists of Ukraine on 27 October 2022 as an attempt to set a holistic picture of diversity of approaches and dimensions in academic support to the Ukrainian refugees to ensure that no one is left behind. The presentation provides an overview of the types of the support schemes in Europe, and systemic actions in Poland, and of the diversity of Ukraine-focused activities in SGH Warsaw School of Economics.
Physician support of HPV vaccination school-entry requirements
Creators: name: Califano, Sophia
name: Gilkey, Melissa B.
name: Weinberger, Morris
name: Calo, William A.
name: Brewer, Noel T.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: School-entry requirements in the US have led to high coverage for several vaccines, but few states and jurisdictions have adopted these policies for human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination. Because physicians play a key role in advocating for vaccination policies, we assessed physician support of requiring HPV vaccine for school entry and correlates of this support. Participants were a national sample of 775 physicians who provide primary care, including vaccines, to adolescents. Physicians completed an online survey in 2014 that assessed their support for school-entry requirements for HPV vaccination of 11 and 12 y olds. We used multivariable logistic regression to assess correlates of support for these requirements. The majority of physicians (74%) supported some form of school-entry requirements, with or without opt-out provisions. When opt-out provisions were not specified, 47% agreed that laws requiring HPV vaccination for school attendance were a “good idea.” Physicians more often agreed with requirements, without opt-out provisions, if they: had more years in practice (OR=1.49; 95% CI: 1.09-2.04), gave higher quality HPV vaccine recommendations (OR=2.06; 95% CI: 1.45-2.93), believed that having requirements for Tdap, but not HPV, vaccination undermined its importance (OR=3.33; 95% CI: 2.26-4.9), and believed HPV vaccination was as or more important than other adolescent vaccinations (OR=2.30; 95% CI: 1.65-3.18). In conclusion, we found that many physicians supported school-entry requirements for HPV vaccination. More research is needed to investigate the extent to which opt-out provisions might weaken or strengthen physician support of HPV vaccination school-entry requirements.
+150 estrellas OB en Sextans A, una galaxia con solo 1/10 Zsolar
Creators: name: Lorenzo, Marta
name: Garcia, Miriam
name: Najarro, Francisco
name: Herrero, Artemio
name: Cerviño, Miguel
name: Castro, Norberto
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Massive stars
early-type
Sextans A
metallicity
Population III

description: Las estrellas masivas muy pobres en metales son los mejores análogos de las primeras generaciones de estrellas de nuestro Universo. Sin embargo, la distancia que nos separa de las galaxias que las albergan nos ha impedido hasta ahora realizar estudios espectroscópicos extensos de estos objetos. Tras cinco campañas de observación en el Gran Telescopio de Canarias, hemos construido un catálogo espectroscópico de más de 150 estrellas OB en la galaxia del Grupo Local Sextans A (1/10 Z⨀). Este es el catálogo más extenso de estrellas masivas con metalicidades menores que la Pequeña Nube de Magallanes. En esta muestra, encontramos estrellas OB aisladas en regiones de baja densidad de HI, desafiando las teorías actuales de formación estelar. Además, identificamos fuentes candidatas a experimentar evolución química homogénea o a contener una “stripped star”. Ambos caminos evolutivos nunca han sido detectados a muy baja metalicidad y su confirmación observacional tendría grandes implicaciones en las teorías de evolución estelar y en la interpretación de las observaciones de galaxias a alto-z.
Stationarity of Extremum Entropy Fluid Bodies in General Relativity
Creators: name: Schiffrin, Joshua S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider perfect fluid bodies ("stars") in general relativity that are axisymmetric, asymptotically flat, and that admit a maximal hypersurface. We show that configurations that extremize the total entropy at fixed ADM mass, ADM angular momentum, and total particle number are stationary with circular flow. For such stars, this establishes that thermodynamic equilibrium implies dynamic equilibrium.
description: 28 pages; v2: typo fixed in eq. (39), other minor changes
The content and context of physicians' communication with males about human papillomavirus vaccination
Creators: name: Giuliano, Anna R.
name: Malo, Teri L.
name: Sutton, Steven K.
name: Ali, Karla N.
name: Perkins, Rebecca B.
name: Vadaparampil, Susan T.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: A physician's recommendation for human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine is a key predictor of vaccine uptake; however, little is known about how physicians communicate about HPV vaccine with male patients. We sought to describe physicians' HPV vaccine communication practices with males who are of vaccine-eligible age (9-26 years). We surveyed representative samples of pediatric and family medicine physicians in Florida, and assessed whether physicians present HPV vaccine as optional or routine, and as a vaccine that prevents cancer. We also assessed the type of visit during which physicians discuss HPV vaccine with adolescent males and whether other healthcare providers in the practice discuss HPV vaccine or make the initial recommendation. We received 367 completed surveys (50.7% response rate). Few physicians (29.9%) reported they typically present HPV vaccine as routine to males ages 11-12 years, who constitute the target group for routine vaccination. When discussing HPV vaccination, many physicians reported somewhat or strongly emphasizing cancer prevention (80.0%). Physicians most often discussed HPV vaccine when they saw patients for well-child visits (93.0%) and least often at acute care visits (15.3%). Over half reported that at least one other healthcare professional in their practice discusses (56.1%) or makes the initial recommendation for (54.9%) HPV vaccination. Many physicians in our sample are presenting HPV vaccine as optional rather than routine and are missing opportunities to communicate with males about the vaccine. Our findings identify areas for future interventions to improve physicians' HPV vaccine communication and, ultimately, increase the use of this cancer-preventing vaccine.
Local delivery of checkpoints antibodies
Creators: name: Wang, Chao
name: Gu, Zhen
name: Ye, Yanqi
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) based cancer immunotherapy has recently attracted considerable interest in the field of cancer therapy. The relevant immunotherapeutic agents do not directly attack the tumor, but boost the body's immune system to recognize and kill cancer cells. In this commentary, recent efforts utilizing immunoengineering for local delivery of these immune checkpoint antibodies are introduced. Future opportunities and challenges in this research theme are also commented.
Autocratic strategies for iterated games with arbitrary action spaces
Creators: name: McAvoy, Alex
name: Hauert, Christoph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The recent discovery of zero-determinant strategies for the iterated Prisoner's Dilemma sparked a surge of interest in the surprising fact that a player can exert unilateral control over iterated interactions. These remarkable strategies, however, are known to exist only in games in which players choose between two alternative actions such as "cooperate" and "defect." Here we introduce a broader class of autocratic strategies by extending zero-determinant strategies to iterated games with more general action spaces. We use the continuous Donation Game as an example, which represents an instance of the Prisoner's Dilemma that intuitively extends to a continuous range of cooperation levels. Surprisingly, despite the fact that the opponent has infinitely many donation levels from which to choose, a player can devise an autocratic strategy to enforce a linear relationship between his or her payoff and that of the opponent even when restricting his or her actions to merely two discrete levels of cooperation. In particular, a player can use such a strategy to extort an unfair share of the payoffs from the opponent. Therefore, although the action space of the continuous Donation Game dwarfs that of the classical Prisoner's Dilemma, players can still devise relatively simple autocratic and, in particular, extortionate strategies.
description: 22 pages; final version
Parents who refuse or delay HPV vaccine: Differences in vaccination behavior, beliefs, and clinical communication preferences
Creators: name: Calo, William A.
name: Marciniak, Macary W.
name: Gilkey, Melissa B.
name: Brewer, Noel T.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Background: We sought to estimate the national prevalence of HPV vaccine refusal and delay in a nationally-representative sample of parents of adolescents. We also compared parents who refused versus delayed HPV vaccine in terms of their vaccination beliefs and clinical communication preferences. Methods: In 2014 to 2015, we conducted an online survey of 1,484 US parents who reported on an 11- to 17-year-old child in their household. We used weighted multinomial logistic regression to assess correlates of HPV vaccine refusal and delay. Results: Overall, 28% of parents reported that they had ever “refused or decided not to get” HPV vaccine for their child, and an additional 8% of parents reported that they had “delayed or put off getting” HPV vaccine. Compared to no refusal/delay, refusal was associated with lower confidence in adolescent vaccination (relative risk ratio [RRR] = 0.66, 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.48–0.91), lower perceived HPV vaccine effectiveness (RRR = 0.68, 95% CI, 0.50–0.91), and higher perceived harms (RRR = 3.49, 95% CI, 2.65–4.60). In contrast, delay was associated with needing more information (RRR = 1.76, 95% CI, 1.08–2.85). Most parents rated physicians and information sheets as helpful for making decisions about HPV vaccination, although parents who reported refusal endorsed these resources less often. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that HPV vaccine refusal is common among parents of adolescents and may have increased relative to previous estimates. Because the vaccination beliefs and communication preferences of parents who refuse appear to differ from those who delay, targeted communication strategies may be needed to effectively address HPV vaccine hesitancy.
On the consistency of scale among experiments, theory, and simulation
Creators: name: Gray, William G.
name: Dye, Amanda L.
name: Miller, Cass T.
name: McClure, James E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: As a tool for addressing problems of scale, we consider an evolving approach known as the thermodynamically constrained averaging theory (TCAT), which has broad applicability to hydrology. We consider the case of modeling of two-fluid-phase flow in porous media, and we focus on issues of scale as they relate to various measures of pressure, capillary pressure, and state equations needed to produce solvable models. We apply TCAT to perform physics-based data assimilation to understand how the internal behavior influences the macroscale state of two-fluid porous medium systems. A microfluidic experimental method and a lattice Boltzmann simulation method are used to examine a key deficiency associated with standard approaches. In a hydrologic process such as evaporation, the water content will ultimately be reduced below the irreducible wetting-phase saturation determined from experiments. This is problematic since the derived closure relationships cannot predict the associated capillary pressures for these states. We demonstrate that the irreducible wetting-phase saturation is an artifact of the experimental design, caused by the fact that the boundary pressure difference does not approximate the true capillary pressure. Using averaging methods, we compute the true capillary pressure for fluid configurations at and below the irreducible wetting-phase saturation. Results of our analysis include a state function for the capillary pressure expressed as a function of fluid saturation and interfacial area.
Constraining heavy quark energy loss using $B$ and $D$ meson measurements in heavy ion collision at RHIC and LHC energies
Creators: name: Saraswat, Kapil
name: Shukla, Prashant
name: Singh, Venktesh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we calculate energy loss of heavy quark (charm and bottom) due to elastic collisions and gluon radiation in hot/dense medium. The collisional energy loss has been obtained using QCD calculations. The radiative energy loss is calculated using reaction operator formalism and generalized dead cone approach. We rederive the energy loss expression using same assumptions as generalized dead cone approach but obtain slightly different results. We also improve the model employed to calculate path length and the system evolution. The nuclear modification factors $R_{AA}$ including shadowing and energy loss are evaluated for $B$ and $D$ mesons and are compared with the measurements in PbPb collision at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 2.76 TeV and with the D meson and Heavy flavour (HF) electrons measurements in AuAu collision at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 200 GeV. The radiative energy loss calculated by reaction operator formalism added with collisional energy loss describes the RHIC HF electron suppression in high $p_{T}$ range. It also describes the LHC measurement of $B$ meson suppression but overestimates the suppression of $D$ meson. The radiative energy loss from generalized dead cone approach describes the charm suppression at both RHIC as well as LHC energies and requires energy loss due to collisions to be added in order to describe the bottom suppression at LHC.
description: 27 pages, 16 figures
Code and summary statistics from "Influences of rare copy number variation on human complex traits"
Creators: name: Hujoel, Margaux L.A.
name: Sherman, Maxwell A.
name: Barton, Alison R.
name: Mukamel, Ronen E.
name: Sankaran, Vijay G.
name: Terao, Chikashi
name: Loh, Po-Ru
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: Software and summary statistics from association studies with 56 quantitative traits described in "Influences of rare copy number variation on human complex traits" by Margaux L.A. Hujoel, Maxwell A. Sherman, Alison R. Barton, Ronen E. Mukamel, Vijay G. Sankaran, Chikashi Terao, and Po-Ru Loh. Further details on software are available: https://data.broadinstitute.org/lohlab/HI-CNV/HI-CNV_manual.html.
On the non-stationarity of hydrological response in anthropogenically unaffected catchments: an Australian perspective
Creators: name: Evans, Jason P.
name: Amirthanathan, Gnanathikkam E.
name: Bari, Mohammed A.
name: Ajami, Hoori
name: Band, Lawrence E.
name: Tuteja, Narendra K.
name: Sharma, Ashish
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Increases in greenhouse gas concentrations are expected to impact the terrestrial hydrologic cycle through changes in radiative forcings and plant physiological and structural responses. Here, we investigate the nature and frequency of non-stationary hydrological response as evidenced through water balance studies over 166 anthropogenically unaffected catchments in Australia. Non-stationarity of hydrologic response is investigated through analysis of long-term trend in annual runoff ratio (1984–2005). Results indicate that a significant trend (p < 0.01) in runoff ratio is evident in 20 catchments located in three main ecoregions of the continent. Runoff ratio decreased across the catchments with non-stationary hydrologic response with the exception of one catchment in northern Australia. Annual runoff ratio sensitivity to annual fractional vegetation cover was similar to or greater than sensitivity to annual precipitation in most of the catchments with non-stationary hydrologic response indicating vegetation impacts on streamflow. We use precipitation–productivity relationships as the first-order control for ecohydrologic catchment classification. A total of 12 out of 20 catchments present a positive precipitation–productivity relationship possibly enhanced by CO2 fertilization effect. In the remaining catchments, biogeochemical and edaphic factors may be impacting productivity. Results suggest vegetation dynamics should be considered in exploring causes of non-stationary hydrologic response.
Berends-Giele recursions and the BCJ duality in superspace and components
Creators: name: Mafra, Carlos R.
name: Schlotterer, Oliver
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recursive method of Berends and Giele to compute tree-level gluon amplitudes is revisited using the framework of ten-dimensional super Yang-Mills. First we prove that the pure spinor formula to compute SYM tree amplitudes derived in 2010 reduces to the standard Berends-Giele formula from the 80s when restricted to gluon amplitudes and additionally determine the fermionic completion. Second, using BRST cohomology manipulations in superspace, alternative representations of the component amplitudes are explored and the Bern-Carrasco-Johansson relations among partial tree amplitudes are derived in a novel way. Finally, it is shown how the supersymmetric components of manifestly local BCJ-satisfying tree-level numerators can be computed in a recursive fashion.
description: harvmac TeX, 24 pages, v2: published version with an additional typo fix in equation (4.21)
Association Between Early Life Growth and Blood Pressure Trajectories in Black South African ChildrenNovelty and Significance
Creators: name: Munthali, Richard J.
name: Kagura, Juliana
name: Norris, Shane A.
name: Pettifor, John M.
name: Adair, Linda S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Early growth is associated with blood pressure measured on one occasion, but whether early life growth patterns are associated with longitudinal blood pressure trajectories is under-researched. Therefore, we sought to examine the association between early growth and blood pressure trajectories from childhood to adulthood. Blood pressure was measured on 7 occasions between ages 5 and 18 years in the Birth to Twenty cohort study, and conditional variables for growth in infancy and mid-childhood were computed from anthropometric measures (n=1937, 52% girls). We used a group-based trajectory modeling approach to identify distinct height-adjusted blood pressure trajectories and then tested their association with growth between birth and mid-childhood adjusting for several covariates. Three trajectory groups were identified for systolic and diastolic blood pressure: lower, middle, and upper in boys and girls, separately. In boys, predictors of the middle or upper systolic blood pressure trajectories versus the lower trajectory were in birth weight (odds ratio 0.75 [95% confidence interval 0.58-0.96] per SD) and relative weight gain in infancy (4.11 [1.25-13.51] per SD). In girls, greater relative weight gain and linear growth in both infancy and mid-childhood were consistently associated with an almost 2-fold higher likelihood of being in the upper versus lower systolic blood pressure trajectory. The associations for the diastolic blood pressure trajectories were inconsistent. These findings emphasize the importance of identifying children at risk of progression to high blood pressure. Accelerated growth in infancy and mid-childhood may be a key target for early life intervention in prevention of elevated blood pressure progression.
Financial performance of connected Agribusiness activities in Italian agriculture
Creators: name: Dono, Gabriele
name: Buttinelli, Rebecca
name: Cortignani, Raffaele
name: Dono, Gabriele
name: Buttinelli, Rebecca
name: Cortignani, Raffaele
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: Depreciation
subject: Free Cash Flow on Equity
subject: farm financial sustainability
subject: agri-business
subject: organic farming
subject: agricultural products processing
subject: direct sale of agricultural products
subject: quality agricultural products
subject: farmhouses

description: The Rural Development Policy combines measures that favour the growth of the productive dimension of farms and their specialization, and measures aimed at supporting diversification paths, with the expansion of the productive functions performed. The evaluation of the economic and financial results of farms engaged in activities of the second type can help to calibrate the intervention between the two options. To this end, we have studied a constant sample of FADN farms in the period 2014-2016, identifying the units engaged in organic farming or other forms of qual-ity production, or engaged in direct sales or processing of their products or, again, in the management of farmhouses. We discuss the condition of financial sustainability of the farms involved in those activities by evaluating their ability to generate cash flows to offset for the depreciation of the farm production system. We used the ratio Free Cash Flow on Equity on Depreciation to compare the results of farms engaged in those activities and farms which are limited to conventional agriculture. The analy-sis of this comparison and of some structural, technical, and economic characteris-tics of the farms involved in those types of activities resulted in various considerations on their characteristics and conditions of financial sustainability. Our attention has focused above all on the financial results of farms within the sectors of Italian agricul-ture in greater financial difficulty. The main objective was, in fact, to verify whether to diversify the farm’s commitment with these activities has contributed to improving the financial sustainability in those agricultural sectors. Various considerations have arisen that can help fine-tune policies to support the types of diversification examined in this study.
description: Paper presented at the 10th AIEAA Conference
Stress tensor correlators in three-dimensional gravity
Creators: name: Bagchi, Arjun
name: Grumiller, Daniel
name: Merbis, Wout
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate holographically arbitrary n-point correlators of the boundary stress tensor in three-dimensional Einstein gravity with negative or vanishing cosmological constant. We provide explicit expressions up to 5-point (connected) correlators and show consistency with the Galilean conformal field theory Ward identities and recursion relations of correlators, which we derive. This provides a novel check of flat space holography in three dimensions.
description: 6 pages, v2: corrected signs
Endothelial Restoration of Receptor Activity-Modifying Protein 2 Is Sufficient to Rescue Lethality, but Survivors Develop Dilated Cardiomyopathy.
Creators: name: Wetzel-Strong, Sarah E.
name: Liu, Jiandong
name: Trincot, Claire E.
name: Kechele, Daniel O.
name: Caron, Kathleen M.
name: Li, Manyu
name: Dunworth, William P.
name: Ma, Hong
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: RAMPs (receptor activity-modifying proteins) serve as oligomeric modulators for numerous G-protein-coupled receptors, yet elucidating the physiological relevance of these interactions remains complex. Ramp2 null mice are embryonic lethal, with cardiovascular developmental defects similar to those observed in mice null for canonical adrenomedullin/calcitonin receptor-like receptor signaling. We aimed to genetically rescue the Ramp2(-/-) lethality in order to further delineate the spatiotemporal requirements for RAMP2 function during development and thereby enable the elucidation of an expanded repertoire of RAMP2 functions with family B G-protein-coupled receptors in adult homeostasis. Endothelial-specific expression of Ramp2 under the VE-cadherin promoter resulted in the partial rescue of Ramp2(-/-) mice, demonstrating that endothelial expression of Ramp2 is necessary and sufficient for survival. The surviving Ramp2(-/-) Tg animals lived to adulthood and developed spontaneous hypotension and dilated cardiomyopathy, which was not observed in adult mice lacking calcitonin receptor-like receptor. Yet, the hearts of Ramp2(-/-) Tg animals displayed dysregulation of family B G-protein-coupled receptors, including parathyroid hormone and glucagon receptors, as well as their downstream signaling pathways. These data suggest a functional requirement for RAMP2 in the modulation of additional G-protein-coupled receptor pathways in vivo, which is critical for sustained cardiovascular homeostasis. The cardiovascular importance of RAMP2 extends beyond the endothelium and canonical adrenomedullin/calcitonin receptor-like receptor signaling, in which future studies could elucidate novel and pharmacologically tractable pathways for treating cardiovascular diseases.
Longitudinal Patterns of Change in Systolic Blood Pressure and Incidence of Cardiovascular DiseaseNovelty and Significance: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study
Creators: name: Shimbo, Daichi
name: Petruski-Ivleva, Natalia
name: Viera, Anthony J.
name: Schneider, Andrea L.C.
name: Couper, David
name: Kucharska-Newton, Anna
name: Muntner, Paul
name: Avery, Christy L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Elevated blood pressure in mid-life contributes significantly to the risk of cardiovascular disease. However, patterns of blood pressure increase may differ among individuals and may result in differential risk. Our goal was to examine the contribution of longitudinal patterns of blood pressure change to incidence of heart failure, coronary heart disease, stroke and cardiovascular disease mortality.
Emergent Lorentz symmetry near fermionic quantum critical points in two and three dimensions
Creators: name: Roy, Bitan
name: Juricic, Vladimir
name: Herbut, Igor F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the renormalization group flow of the velocities in the field theory describing the coupling of the massless quasi-relativistic fermions to the bosons through the Yukawa coupling, as well as with both bosons and fermions coupled to a fluctuating $U(1)$ gauge field in two and three spatial dimensions. Different versions of this theory describe quantum critical behavior of interacting Dirac fermions in various condensed-matter systems. We perform an analysis using one-loop $ε-$expansion about three spatial dimensions, which is the upper critical dimension in the problem. In two dimensions, we find that velocities of both charged fermions and bosons ultimately flow to the velocity of light, independently of the initial conditions, the number of fermionic and bosonic flavors, and the value of the couplings at the critical point. In three dimensions, due to the analyticity of the gauge field propagator, both the $U(1)$ charge and the velocity of light flow, which leads to a richer behavior than in two dimensions. We show that all three velocities ultimately flow to a common terminal velocity, which is non-universal and different from the original velocity of light. Therefore, emergence of the Lorentz symmetry in the ultimate infrared regime seems to be a rather universal feature of this class of theories in both two and three dimensions.
description: 19 pages, 4 figures: Published version, added discussion, new references, typos corrected
Recognizable Point-cloud: An end-to-end point-cloud processing, visualization, and user-interaction design
Creators: name: Wen, Zishen
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 120302 Design Innovation
subject: FOS: Arts (arts, history of arts, performing arts, music)

description: Point clouds have been widely used in various industries, such as autonomous driving, monitoring, and surveying. However, the visualization methods developed for these fields are limited compared to the rapidly evolving techniques for point cloud processing. Most of these visualization approaches are primarily focused on technical considerations, such as memory usage, computation latency, and visualization accuracy, rather than the user experience. The aim of this thesis is to design a new framework for point cloud visualization that incorporates state-of-the-art techniques and to evaluate its effectiveness through user recognition testing. The work involves the following steps: (1) conducting a literature review and comparing different baseline models for learning-based point cloud techniques, including detection and upsampling; (2) constructing a pipeline to train models and generate multiple point cloud visualization options; (3) developing a user interface with a set of questions on object, semantic, and spatial recognition; and (4) conducting user research to assess the visualization options. This study provides a comprehensive review of point cloud upsampling and detection methods, and presents a novel framework for enhancing point cloud visualization through the incorporation of advanced techniques. It also contributes to user-centered research on point clouds by introducing various forms of recognition as key factors.
The UWISH2 extended H2 source catalogue
Creators: name: Froebrich, D.
name: Makin, S. V.
name: Davis, C. J.
name: Gledhill, T. M.
name: Kim, Y.
name: Koo, B. -C.
name: Rowles, J.
name: Eislöffel, J.
name: Nicholas, J.
name: Lee, J. J.
name: Williamson, J.
name: Buckner, A. S. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the extended source catalogue for the UKIRT Widefield Infrared Survey for H2 (UWISH2). The survey is unbiased along the inner Galactic Plane from l \approx 357deg to l \approx 65deg and |b| < 1.5deg and covers 209 square degrees. A further 42.0 and 35.5 square degrees of high dust column density regions have been targeted in Cygnus and Auriga. We have identified 33200 individual extended H2 features. They have been classified to be associated with about 700 groups of jets and outflows, 284 individual (candidate) Planetary Nebulae, 30 Supernova Remnants and about 1300 Photo-Dissociation Regions. We find a clear decline of star formation activity (traced by H2 emission from jets and photo-dissociation regions) with increasing distance from the Galactic Centre. About 60% of the detected candidate Planetary Nebulae have no known counterpart and 25% of all Supernova Remnants have detectable H2 emission associated with them.
description: 25 pages, 10 figures, 6 tables, Full paper with higher resolution figures and entire Appendix can be found at http://astro.kent.ac.uk/~df/
High-resolution spectroscopy of extremely metal-poor stars in the least evolved galaxies: Bootes II
Creators: name: Ji, Alexander P.
name: Frebel, Anna
name: Simon, Joshua D.
name: Geha, Marla
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present high-resolution Magellan/MIKE spectra of the four brightest confirmed red giant stars in the ultra-faint dwarf galaxy Bootes II (Boo II). These stars all inhabit the metal-poor tail of the Boo II metallicity distribution function. The chemical abundance pattern of all detectable elements in these stars is consistent with that of the Galactic halo. However, all four stars have undetectable amounts of neutron-capture elements Sr and Ba, with upper limits comparable to the lowest ever detected in the halo or in other dwarf galaxies. One star exhibits significant radial velocity variations over time, suggesting it to be in a binary system. Its variable velocity has likely increased past determinations of the Boo II velocity dispersion. Our four stars span a limited metallicity range, but their enhanced α-abundances and low neutron-capture abundances are consistent with the interpretation that Boo II has been enriched by very few generations of stars. The chemical abundance pattern in Boo II confirms the emerging trend that the faintest dwarf galaxies have neutron-capture abundances distinct from the halo, suggesting the dominant source of neutron-capture elements in halo stars may be different than in ultra-faint dwarfs.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures, 4 tables. Updated to match ApJ accepted version
Entropy for gravitational Chern-Simons terms by squashed cone method
Creators: name: Guo, Wu-Zhong
name: Miao, Rong-Xin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we investigate the entropy of gravitational Chern-Simons terms for the horizon with non-vanishing extrinsic curvatures, or the holographic entanglement entropy for arbitrary entangling surface. In 3D we find no anomaly of entropy appears. But the squashed cone method can not be used directly to get the correct result. For higher dimensions the anomaly of entropy would appear, still, we can not use the squashed cone method directly. That is becasuse the Chern-Simons action is not gauge invariant. To get a reasonable result we suggest two methods. One is by adding a boundary term to recover the gauge invariance. This boundary term can be derived from the variation of the Chern-Simons action. The other one is by using the Chern-Simons relation $d\bm{Ω_{4n-1}}=tr(\bm{R}^{2n})$. We notice that the entropy of $tr(\bm{R}^{2n})$ is a total derivative locally, i.e. $S=d s_{CS}$. We propose to identify $s_{CS}$ with the entropy of gravitational Chern-Simons terms $Ω_{4n-1}$. In the first method we could get the correct result for Wald entropy in arbitrary dimension. In the second approach, in addition to Wald entropy, we can also obtain the anomaly of entropy with non-zero extrinsic curvatures. Our results imply that the entropy of a topological invariant, such as the Pontryagin term $tr(\bm{R}^{2n})$ and the Euler density, is a topological invariant on the entangling surface.
description: 19 page
title: Parasitic leiomyomas after hysterectomy
Creators: name: Vanmarcke, Cedric
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genital (female) imaging
subject: Abdomen
subject: Genital / Reproductive system female
subject: CT
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Clinical Cases

description: Clinical History: A 44-year-old woman with a history of a laparoscopic myomectomy, hysterectomy, and right ovarectomy performed 5 years ago, was referred for ultrasound and CT imaging as part of her investigation for intermittent abdominal pain and discomfort persisting for 7 days. Her medical history was otherwise unremarkable.

description: 44 years, female
Masked Hypertension and Incident Clinic Hypertension Among Blacks in the Jackson Heart StudyNovelty and Significance
Creators: name: Spruill, Tanya M.
name: Seals, Samantha R.
name: Muntner, Paul
name: Abdalla, Marwah
name: Viera, Anthony J.
name: Shimbo, Daichi
name: Sims, Mario
name: Diaz, Keith M.
name: Booth, John N.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Masked hypertension, defined as non-elevated clinic blood pressure and elevated out-of-clinic blood pressure may be an intermediary stage in the progression from normotension to hypertension. We examined the associations of out-of-clinic blood pressure and masked hypertension using ambulatory blood pressure monitoring with incident clinic hypertension in the Jackson Heart Study, a prospective cohort of African Americans. Analyses included 317 participants with clinic blood pressure <140/90mmHg, complete ABPM, who were not taking antihypertensive medication at baseline in 2000–2004. Masked daytime hypertension was defined as mean daytime blood pressure ≥135/85mmHg; masked nighttime hypertension as mean nighttime blood pressure ≥120/70mmHg; and masked 24-hour hypertension as mean 24-hour blood pressure ≥130/80mmHg. Incident clinic hypertension, assessed at study visits in 2005–2008 and 2009–2012, was defined as the first visit with clinic systolic/diastolic blood pressure ≥140/90mmHg or antihypertensive medication use. During a median follow-up of 8.1 years, there were 187 (59.0%) incident cases of clinic hypertension. Clinic hypertension developed in 79.2% and 42.2% of participants with and without any masked hypertension, 85.7% and 50.4% with and without masked daytime hypertension, 79.9% and 43.7% with and without masked nighttime hypertension and 85.7% and 48.2% with and without masked 24-hour hypertension, respectively. Multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (95% CI) of incident clinic hypertension for any masked hypertension and masked daytime, nighttime, and 24-hour hypertension were 2.13 (1.51–3.02), 1.79 (1.24–2.60), 2.22 (1.58–3.12), and 1.91 (1.32–2.75), respectively. These findings suggest that ambulatory blood pressure monitoring can identify African Americans at increased risk for developing clinic hypertension.
CFD-DEM Simulations of Current-Induced Dune Formation and Morphological Evolution
Creators: name: Sun, Rui
name: Xiao, Heng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Understanding the fundamental mechanisms of sediment transport, particularly those during the formation and evolution of bedforms, is of critical scientific importance and has engineering relevance. Traditional approaches of sediment transport simulations heavily rely on empirical models, which are not able to capture the physics-rich, regime-dependent behaviors of the process. With the increase of available computational resources in the past decade, CFD-DEM (computational fluid dynamics-discrete element method) has emerged as a viable high-fidelity method for the study of sediment transport. However, a comprehensive, quantitative study of the generation and migration of different sediment bed patterns using CFD-DEM is still lacking. In this work, current-induced sediment transport problems in a wide range of regimes are simulated, including 'flat bed in motion', `small dune', `vortex dune' and suspended transport. Simulations are performed by using SediFoam, an open-source, massively parallel CFD-DEM solver developed by the authors. This is a general-purpose solver for particle-laden flows tailed for particle transport problems. Validation tests are performed to demonstrate the capability of CFD-DEM in the full range of sediment transport regimes. Comparison of simulation results with experimental and numerical benchmark data demonstrates the merits of CFD-DEM approach. In addition, the improvements of the present simulations over existing studies using CFD-DEM are presented. The present solver gives more accurate prediction of sediment transport rate by properly accounting for the influence of particle volume fraction on the fluid flow. In summary, this work demonstrates that CFD-DEM is a promising particle-resolving approach for probing the physics of current-induced sediment transport.