cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Effective computations of the Atiyah-Bott formula
Creators: name: Muratore, Giosuè
name: Schneider, Csaba
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14N10, 14Q25, 14N35, 14C05, 14-04, 53D12

description: We present an implementation of the Atiyah-Bott residue formula for $\overline{M}_{0,m}(\mathbb{P}^{n},d)$. We use this implementation to compute a large number of Gromov-Witten invariants of genus $0$, including intersection numbers of rational curves on general complete intersections. We also compute some numbers of rational contact curves satisfying suitable Schubert conditions. Our computations confirm known predictions made by Mirror Symmetry. The code we developed for these problems is publicly available and can also be used for other types of computations.
description: Explanation of the algorithm, Computations with psi-classes and Jet bundles, Tables were updated to reflect the increased speed of computations due to the use of new Julia tools
The C*-algebras qA\otimes K and S^2A\otimes K are asymptotically equivalent
Creators: name: Shulman, Tatiana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: K-Theory and Homology (math.KT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46L80, 19K35

description: Let $A$ be a separable $C^*$-algebra. We prove that its stabilized second suspension $S^2A\otimes \mathcal K$ and the $C^*$-algebra $qA\otimes \mathcal K$ constructed by Cuntz in the framework of his picture of KK-theory are asymptotically equivalent. This means that there exist asymptotic morphisms from each to the other whose compositions are homotopic to the identity maps. This result yields an easy description of the natural transformation from KK-theory to E-theory. One more corollary is the following. T. Loring ([3]) proved that any asymptotic morphism from $\qC$ to any $C^*$-algebra $B$ is homotopic to a $\ast$-homomorphism. We prove that the same is true when $\C$ is replaced by any nuclear $C^*$-algebra $A$ and when $B$ is stable.
description: 12 pages
Clustering Coefficients of Protein-Protein Interaction Networks
Creators: name: Miller, Gerald A.
name: Shi, Yi Y.
name: Qian, Hong
name: Bomsztyk, Karol
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The properties of certain networks are determined by hidden variables that are not explicitly measured. The conditional probability (propagator) that a vertex with a given value of the hidden variable is connected to k of other vertices determines all measurable properties. We study hidden variable models and find an averaging approximation that enables us to obtain a general analytical result for the propagator. Analytic results showing the validity of the approximation are obtained. We apply hidden variable models to protein-protein interaction networks (PINs) in which the hidden variable is the association free-energy, determined by distributions that depend on biochemistry and evolution. We compute degree distributions as well as clustering coefficients of several PINs of different species; good agreement with measured data is obtained. For the human interactome two different parameter sets give the same degree distributions, but the computed clustering coefficients differ by a factor of about two. This shows that degree distributions are not sufficient to determine the properties of PINs.
description: 16 pages, 3 figures, in Press PRE uses pdflatex
title: Feminising Restorative Justice: A Critical Exploration of Offending Girls' Experiences of Participating in Restorative Justice Conferences
Creators: name: Hodgson, J
Publisher: name: Liverpool John Moores University
Year: 2019

description: Supported by a growing political momentum, over the past two decades, the contemporary popularity of restorative justice has expanded significantly and it has become infiltrated within youth justice discourse, resulting in vast amounts of related research and literature. Despite an increase in restorative justice practice there is, to date, a considerable lack of research which explores girls’ experiences of restorative justice interventions. By focusing on the experiences of young female offenders, who have participated in restorative justice conferencing, the research study aims to address this gap in knowledge. By utilising Goffman’s (1963) perspective on stigma and a feminist influenced, gendered analysis of shame, the research study will fundamentally question the conceptual framework and theoretical premise upon which the development of restorative justice conferencing has been established. In doing so, it aims to raise important contextual arguments about the suitability of restorative justice conferencing used with girls who offend. Drawing upon a summary of empirical findings from interviews, undertaken with thirteen youth justice practitioners and fifteen girls, whose views have been excluded from youth justice discourse, an alternative view of their marginalised knowledge will be provided in order to encapsulate their experience of restorative justice conferencing through a gendered lens. The establishment of such alternative narratives will challenge the ways in which the youth justice system is holding girls accountable for their offending through gender-neutral restorative justice interventions, which fail to take cognisance of the context in which structural inequalities, in relation to gender, shape their formative experiences and have the potential to impact upon restorative justice conferencing.
The Jancovici - Lebowitz - Manificat law for large fluctuations of random complex zeroes
Creators: name: Nazarov, F.
name: Sodin, M.
name: Volberg, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 30B20, 30C15, 60F10, 60G55

description: By random complex zeroes we mean the zero set of a random entire function whose Taylor coefficients are independent complex-valued Gaussian variables, and the variance of the k-th coefficient is 1/k!. This zero set is distribution invariant with respect to isometries of the complex plane. We study large fluctuations of random complex zeroes and show that they obey the asymptotic law that was discovered some time ago by Jancovici, Lebowitz and Manificat for charge fluctuations of a Coulomb system of particles.
description: 34 pages, 1 figure
Gravitational lensing by two photon spheres in a black-bounce spacetime in strong deflection limits
Creators: name: Tsukamoto, Naoki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate gravitational lensing by a primary photon sphere which is a sphere filled with unstable circular light orbits, and by a secondary photon sphere on a wormhole throat in a black-bounce spacetime which is suggested in [F. S. N. Lobo, M. E. Rodrigues, M. V. d. S. Silva, A. Simpson, and M. Visser, Phys. Rev. D 103, 084052 (2021)] in strong deflection limits. There is an antiphoton sphere between the primary photon sphere and the secondary photon sphere. If a light source and an observer are on the same side of the wormhole throat, in addition to an infinite number of images slightly outside of both the primary and secondary photon spheres, an infinite number of images formed by light rays reflected by the potential barrier near the antiphoton sphere, slightly inside the primary photon sphere, might be observed.
description: 17 pages, 11 figures, published in Physical Review D, Table I and Fig. 5 corrected, results unchanged
Second quantization approach to COVID-19 epidemic
Creators: name: Mondaini, Leonardo
name: Meirose, Bernhard
name: Mondaini, Felipe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We show how the standard field theoretical language based on creation and annihilation operators may be used for a straightforward derivation of an SIR-type stochastic model for COVID-19 epidemic, from which we obtain the time evolution of the mean number of infectious (active cases) and deceased individuals. In order to capture the effects of lockdown and social distancing, we use a time-dependent infection rate. The results are in good agreement with the data for three different waves of epidemic activity in South Korea.
Additional file 3 of Estimation of radiation-induced health hazards from a “dirty bomb” attack with radiocesium under different assault and rescue conditions
Creators: name: Rump, Alexis
name: Eder, Stefan
name: Hermann, Cornelius
name: Lamkowski, Andreas
name: Ostheim, Patrick
name: Abend, Michael
name: Port, Matthias
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 3: Table S1. Committed effective dose and total equivalent doses absorbed over 50 years by organs in a victim of a “dirty bomb” attack staying for 30 min in the vicinity of the detonation point depending on the distribution of particle sizes (5 µm or 100 µm). Table S2. Committed effective dose and equivalent dose absorbed in the first 10 days (difference to values in Table S1) by the red bone marrow (RBM) in a victim of a “dirty bomb” attack in the vicinity of the detonation point depending on the height of the plume, the distribution of particle sizes (5 µm or 100 µm) and the evacuation time. Table S3. Impact of the evacuation time on the committed effective dose and equivalent dose absorbed in the first 10 days by the red bone marrow (RBM) in a victim of a “dirty bomb” attack in the vicinity of the detonation point depending on the distribution of particle sizes (5 µm or 100 µm). Table S4. Committed effective dose and equivalent dose absorbed in the first 10 days by the red bone marrow (RBM) in a victim of a “dirty bomb” attack in the vicinity of the detonation point depending on the activity in the bomb, the distribution of particle sizes (5 µm or 100 µm) and the evacuation time. Table S5. Committed effective dose and equivalent dose absorbed in the first 10 days by the red bone marrow (RBM) in a victim of a “dirty bomb” attack in the vicinity of the detonation point depending on the activity of the bomb, the distribution of particle sizes (5 µm or 100 µm) and the evacuation time. Table S6. Committed effective dose and equivalent dose absorbed within the first 10 days by the red bone marrow (RBM) in a victim of a “dirty bomb” attack in a subway depending on the evacuation time and the distribution of particle sizes (5 µm or 100 µm).
Mapping the phase diagram of a YBa$_2$Cu$_3$O$_{7-δ}$ nanowire through electromigration
Creators: name: Trabaldo, Edoardo
name: Kalaboukhov, Alexei
name: Arpaia, Riccardo
name: Wahlberg, Eric
name: Lombardi, Floriana
name: Bauch, Thilo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use electromigration (EM) to tune the oxygen content of YBa$_2$Cu$_3$O$_{7-δ}$ (YBCO) nanowi\-res. During EM, the dopant oxygen atoms in the nanowire are moved under the combined effect of electrostatic force and Joule heating. The EM current can be tuned to either deplete or replenish nanowires with oxygen, allowing fine tuning of its hole doping level. Electrical transport measurements and Kelvin probe microscopy corroborate good homogeneity of the doping level along the electromigrated nanowires. Thus, EM provides an effective method to study transport properties of YBCO in a wide doping range at the nanoscale in one and the same device.
Reservoir-engineered spin squeezing: macroscopic even-odd effects and hybrid-systems implementations
Creators: name: Groszkowski, Peter
name: Koppenhöfer, Martin
name: Lau, Hoi-Kwan
name: Clerk, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit the dissipative approach to producing and stabilizing spin-squeezed states of an ensemble of $N$ two-level systems, providing a detailed analysis of two surprising yet generic features of such protocols. The first is a macroscopic sensitivity of the steady state to whether $N$ is even or odd. We discuss how this effect can be avoided (if the goal is parity-insensitive squeezing), or could be exploited as a new kind of sensing modality to detect the addition or removal of a single spin. The second effect is an anomalous emergent long timescale and a "prethermalized" regime that occurs for even weak single-spin dephasing. This effect allows one to have strong spin squeezing over a long transient time even though the level of spin squeezing in the steady state is very small. We also discuss a general hybrid-systems approach for implementing dissipative spin squeezing that does not require squeezed input light or complex multi-level atoms, but instead makes use of bosonic reservoir-engineering ideas. Our protocol is compatible with a variety of platforms, including trapped ions, NV defect spins coupled to diamond optomechanical crystals, and spin ensembles coupled to superconducting microwave circuits.
description: equivalent to published version, 18+14 pages, 10+7 figures
Massless Preheating and Electroweak Vacuum Metastability
Creators: name: Kost, Jeff
name: Shin, Chang Sub
name: Terada, Takahiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Current measurements of Standard Model parameters suggest that the electroweak vacuum is metastable. This metastability has important cosmological implications, because large fluctuations in the Higgs field could trigger vacuum decay in the early universe. For the false vacuum to survive, interactions which stabilize the Higgs during inflation -- e.g., inflaton-Higgs interactions or non-minimal couplings to gravity -- are typically necessary. However, the post-inflationary preheating dynamics of these same interactions could also trigger vacuum decay, thereby recreating the problem we sought to avoid. This dynamics is often assumed catastrophic for models exhibiting scale invariance since these generically allow for unimpeded growth of fluctuations. In this paper, we examine the dynamics of such "massless preheating" scenarios and show that the competing threats to metastability can nonetheless be balanced to ensure viability. We find that fully accounting for both the backreaction from particle production and the effects of perturbative decays reveals a large number of disjoint "islands of (meta)stability" over the parameter space of couplings. Ultimately, the interplay among Higgs-stabilizing interactions plays a significant role, leading to a sequence of dynamical phases that effectively extend the metastable regions to large Higgs-curvature couplings.
description: 27 pages, LaTeX, 13 figures
The Cheam Slide : a study of the interrelationship of rock avalanches and seismicity
Creators: name: Naumann, Curt Marcel
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: It is being increasingly realized that there exists an interrelationship between seismicity and rock slope failures. Possible chronological clustering of rock avalanches in the Fraser River corridor was investigated to determine if a common seismic trigger existed. It was determined that the events occurred throughout the Holocene indicating that either these slides were not seismically triggered or that seismic triggers were chronologically unrelated. Cascadia Subduction Zone earthquakes are believed to have occurred throughout the Holocene (Adams, 1989; Atwater, 1987; Hull, 1987). The ages of the earthquakes were compared to the ages of rock avalanches in the Fraser River corridor, but no distinct correlation could be made. The lack of distinct correlation between large rock avalanches in Fraser Corridor and paleoseismicity, and the absence of event clustering, indicated either seismicity was not a factor, or that these rock avalanches may not have been susceptible to seismic triggering. A stability study of Cheam Slide was performed to investigate the susceptibility of large rock avalanches to earthquake triggering. The results suggested that the seismic susceptibility of a slope is closely linked to the displacement the slope must undergo for failure to take place. A large critical displacement may render the slope relatively insensitive to seismic triggering, while a low critical displacement may result in high seismic susceptibility. A comparison was made between the effects of seismic and pore pressure related triggering. The results indicated that a high critical displacement slope, which is close to failure, may be more likely to fail by high pore pressures than by seismic loading. Low critical displacement slopes which are stable enough to surviving hydrodynamic loading may, because of their susceptibility to seismic triggering, pose the greatest hazard.
Distribution of Time-Averaged Observables for Weak Ergodicity Breaking
Creators: name: Rebenshtok, Adi
name: Barkai, Eli
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We find a general formula for the distribution of time-averaged observables for systems modeled according to the sub-diffusive continuous time random walk. For Gaussian random walks coupled to a thermal bath we recover ergodicity and Boltzmann's statistics, while for the anomalous subdiffusive case a weakly non-ergodic statistical mechanical framework is constructed, which is based on Lévy's generalized central limit theorem. As an example we calculate the distribution of $\bar{X}$: the time average of the position of the particle, for unbiased and uniformly biased particles, and show that $\bar{X}$ exhibits large fluctuations compared with the ensemble average $$.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures
Theory of magnetic deflagration
Creators: name: Garanin, D. A.
name: Chudnovsky, E. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Theory of magnetic deflagration (avalanches) in crystals of molecular magnets has been developed. The phenomenon resembles the burning of a chemical substance, with the Zeeman energy playing the role of the chemical energy. Non-destructive reversible character of magnetic deflagration, as well as the possibility to continuously tune the flammability of the crystal by changing the magnetic field, makes molecular magnets an attractive toy system for a detailed study of the burning process. Besides simplicity, new features, as compared to the chemical burning, include possibility of quantum decay of metastable spin states and strong temperature dependence of the heat capacity and thermal conductivity. We obtain analytical and numerical solutions for criteria of the ignition of magnetic deflagration, and compute the ignition rate and the speed of the developed deflagration front.
description: 17 Pages, 17 Figure captions
Filtration shrinkage by level-crossings of a diffusion
Creators: name: Sezer, A. Deniz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60J65, 60G57 (Primary) 60G10 (Secondary)

description: We develop the mathematics of a filtration shrinkage model that has recently been considered in the credit risk modeling literature. Given a finite collection of points $x_1
description: Published at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/009117906000000683 in the Annals of Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aop/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Low/Hard State Spectra of GRO J1655-40 Observed with Suzaku
Creators: name: Takahashi, Hiromitsu
name: Fukazawa, Yasushi
name: Mizuno, Tsunefumi
name: Hirasawa, Ayumi
name: Kitamoto, Shunji
name: Sudoh, Keisuke
name: Ogita, Takayuki
name: Kubota, Aya
name: Makishima, Kazuo
name: Itoh, Takeshi
name: Parmar, Arvind N.
name: Ebisawa, Ken
name: Naik, Sachindra
name: Dotani, Tadayasu
name: Kokubun, Motohide
name: Ohnuki, Kousuke
name: Takahashi, Tadayuki
name: Yaqoob, Tahir
name: Angelini, Lorella
name: Ueda, Yoshihiro
name: Yamaoka, Kazutaka
name: Kotani, Taro
name: Kawai, Nobuyuki
name: Namiki, Masaaki
name: Kohmura, Takayoshi
name: Negoro, Hitoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Galactic black-hole binary GRO J1655$-$40 was observed with Suzaku on 2005 September 22--23, for a net exposure of 35 ks with the X-ray Imaging Spectrometer (XIS) and 20 ks with the Hard X-ray Detector (HXD). The source was detected over a broad and continuous energy range of 0.7--300 keV, with an intensity of $\sim$50 mCrab at 20 keV. At a distance of 3.2 kpc, the 0.7--300 keV luminosity is $ \sim 5.1 \times 10^{36}$ erg s$^{-1}$ ($\sim 0.7$ % of the Eddington luminosity for a 6 $M_{\odot}$ black hole). The source was in a typical low/hard state, exhibiting a power-law shaped continuum with a photon index of $\sim 1.6$. During the observation, the source intensity gradually decreased by 25% at energies above $\sim 3$ keV, and by 35% below 2 keV. This, together with the soft X-ray spectra taken with the XIS, suggests the presence of an independent soft component that can be represented by emission from a cool ($\sim 0.2$ keV) disk. The hard X-ray spectra obtained with the HXD reveal a high-energy spectral cutoff, with an e-folding energy of $\sim 200$ keV. Since the spectral photon index above 10 keV is harder by $\sim 0.4$ than that observed in the softer energy band, and the e-folding energy is higher than those of typical reflection humps, the entire 0.7--300 keV spectrum cannot be reproduced by a single thermal Comptonization model, even considering reflection effects. Instead, the spectrum (except the soft excess) can be successfully explained by invoking two thermal-Comptonization components with different $y$-parameters. In contrast to the high/soft state spectra of this object in which narrow iron absorption lines are detected with equivalent widths of 60--100 eV, the present XIS spectra bear no such features beyond an upper-limit equivalent width of 25 eV.
description: 32 pages, 12 figures; accepted for publication in Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan (PASJ)
A large-scale correlated study of linear optical absorption and low-lying excited states of polyacenes: Pariser-Parr-Pople Hamiltonian
Creators: name: Sony, Priay
name: Shukla, Alok
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we present large-scale correlated calculations of linear optical absorption spectrum of oligo-acenes containing up to seven benzene rings. For the calculations we used the Pariser-Parr-Pople (P-P-P) Hamiltonian, along with the configuration interaction (CI) technique at various levels such as the full CI (FCI), the quadruple CI (QCI) and multi-reference singles-doubles CI (MRSDCI). The role of Coulomb parameters used in the P-P-P Hamiltonian was examined by considering standard Ohno parameters, as well as a screened set of parameters. A detailed analysis of the many-body character of the important excited states contributing to the linear absorption has also been performed. The results of our calculations have been compared extensively with the theoretical work of other authors, as well as with the experiments.
description: 45 pages, 9 figures
Finite quantum tomography via semidefinite programming
Creators: name: Jafarizadeh, M. A.
name: Mirzaee, M.
name: Rezaee, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the the convex semidefinite programming method and superoperator formalism we obtain the finite quantum tomography of some mixed quantum states such as: qudit tomography, N-qubit tomography, phase tomography and coherent spin state tomography, where that obtained results are in agreement with those of References \cite{schack,Pegg,Barnett,Buzek,Weigert}.
description: 25 pages
Helical, Angular and Radial Ordering in Narrow Capillaries
Creators: name: Erukhimovich, Igor
name: Johner, Albert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To enlighten the nature of the order-disorder and order-order transitions in block copolymer melts confined in narrow capillaries we analyze peculiarities of the conventional Landau weak crystallization theory of systems confined to cylindrical geometry. This phenomenological approach provides a quantitative classification of the cylindrical ordered morphologies by expansion of the order parameter spatial distribution into the eigenfunctions of the Laplace operator. The symmetry of the resulting ordered morphologies is shown to strongly depend both on the boundary conditions (wall preference) and the ratio of the cylinder radius and the wave length of the critical order parameter fluctuations, which determine the bulk ordering of the system under consideration. In particular, occurrence of the helical morphologies is a rather general consequence of the imposed cylindrical symmetry for narrow enough capillaries. We discuss also the ODT and OOT involving some other simplest morphologies. The presented results are relevant also to other ordering systems as charge-density waves appearing under addition of an ionic solute to a solvent in its critical region, weakly charged polyelectrolyte solutions in poor solvent, microemulsions etc.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures
Electric field induced tuning of electronic correlation in weakly confining quantum dots
Creators: name: Huang, Huiying
name: Csontosová, Diana
name: Manna, Santanu
name: Huo, Yongheng
name: Trotta, Rinaldo
name: Rastelli, Armando
name: Klenovský, Petr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We conduct a combined experimental and theoretical study of the quantum-confined Stark effect in GaAs/AlGaAs quantum dots obtained with the local droplet etching method. In the experiment, we probe the permanent electric dipole and polarizability of neutral and positively charged excitons weakly confined in GaAs quantum dots by measuring their light emission under the influence of a variable electric field applied along the growth direction. Calculations based on the configuration-interaction method show excellent quantitative agreement with the experiment and allow us to elucidate the role of Coulomb interactions among the confined particles and -- even more importantly -- of electronic correlation effects on the Stark shifts. Moreover, we show how the electric field alters properties such as built-in dipole, binding energy, and heavy-light hole mixing of multiparticle complexes in weakly confining systems, underlining the deficiencies of commonly used models for the quantum-confined Stark effect.
A flat faint end of the Fornax cluster galaxy luminosity function
Creators: name: Mieske, Steffen
name: Hilker, Michael
name: Infante, Leopoldo
name: de Oliveira, Claudia Mendes
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyse the photometric properties of the early-type Fornax cluster dwarf galaxy population (M_V>-17 mag), based on a wide field imaging study of the central cluster area in V and I band-passes with IMACS/Magellan at Las Campanas Observatory. We create a fiducial sample of ~100 Fornax cluster dwarf ellipticals (dEs) with -16.6
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, to appear in the proceedings of IAU Symposium 244 'Dark galaxies and lost baryons', Cambridge University Press, editors J. I. Davies & M. D. Disney
title: Экологизация законодательства о недрах: вызовы времени
title: The Greening of Subsoil Legislature: Challenges of our Time
Creators: name: Иванова, Татьяна Спартаковна
name: Дезидери, Жан-Пьер
Publisher: name: Издательский центр СурГУ
Year: 2021

description: В настоящее время нормы законодательства о недрах и об охране окружающей среды не согласованы между собой. В связи с этим экологическая безопасность при разведке, разработке месторождений газа, нефти и других полезных ископаемых является несистемной и неэффективной. Существующая противоречивая правоприменительная практика делает тему исследования востребованной, в том числе из-за потепления климата в Арктике. Авторы предлагают на государственном уровне разработать единую концепцию обеспечения экологической безопасности при пользовании недрами, которая бы предусматривала оптимальное сочетание социальных, экономических и экологических интересов.
На основе принятых стратегических документов и сложившейся практики рассматривается учет экологического фактора при освоении месторождений в Арктике, а также заключение соглашений с резидентами Арктической зоны и применение недропользователями стандарта ответственности.
description: Today rules of the subsoil and environmental protection legislature contradict each other. Thus, environmental safety in exploring and production of gas, oil and other mineral resources fields is non-systematic and inefficient. The existing contradictory law enforcement practice makes the topic of the study relevant, inter alia due to the climate warming in the Arctic. The authors propose developing a unified concept at the state level for environmental safety in subsoil using. Such concept would foresee optimal combination of social, economic and environmental interests.
Based on adopted strategic documents and developed practice, the environmental factor in field developing in the Arctic, the agreements with the residents of the Arctic zone and the application of standard responsibility by the subsoil users are analyzed.
OʻZBEKISTON JOY NOMLARINING MADANIYAT BILAN BOGʻLIQLIGI
Creators: name: Muhiddinova, Nilufar
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Mazkur tezis O’zbekiston joy nomlarining badiiy asarlarda qamrab olinishi va ularning kelib chiqishi, etimologik tahlili va madaniyat bilan bog’liqligini ko’rsatib beradi. Joy nomlari oldin faqat geografik jihatdan tadqiq qilingan bo’lishiga qaramasdan hozirgi kunda ularning etimologik tahlili ham o’z dolzarbligini kasb etib kelmoqda. Ushbu tezis faqat yirik va taniqli shahar nomlari tahliliga bag’ishlanadi.
Mutual Reinforcement between Neural Networks and Quantum Physics
Creators: name: Ban, Yue
name: Echanobe, Javier
name: Torrontegui, Erik
name: Casanova, Jorge
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum machine learning emerges from the symbiosis of quantum mechanics and machine learning. In particular, the latter gets displayed in quantum sciences as: (i) the use of classical machine learning as a tool applied to quantum physics problems, (ii) or the use of quantum resources such as superposition, entanglement, or quantum optimization protocols to enhance the performance of classification and regression tasks compare to their classical counterparts. This paper reviews examples in these two scenarios. On the one hand, a classical neural network is applied to design a new quantum sensing protocol. On the other hand, the design of a quantum neural network based on the dynamics of a quantum perceptron with the application of shortcuts to adiabaticity gives rise to a short operation time and robust performance. These examples demonstrate the mutual reinforcement of both neural networks and quantum physics.
description: 5 pages
Skew critical problems
Creators: name: Cuell, C.
name: Patrick, G. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Skew critical problems occur in continuous and discrete nonholonomic Lagrangian systems. They are analogues of constrained optimization problems, where the objective is differentiated in directions given by an apriori distribution, instead of tangent directions to the constraint. We show semiglobal existence and uniqueness for nondegenerate skew critical problems, and show that the solutions of two skew critical problems have the same contact as the problems themselves. Also, we develop some infrastructure that is necessary to compute with contact order geometrically, directly on manifolds.
Mid-Miocene initiation of the Aimunike-Oulongbuluke Range in the NE Qaidam Basin, implications for the growth of the Tibetan Plateau
Creators: name: Mao, Liguang
name: Wang, Liang
name: Zhang, Junyong
name: Fu, Suotang
name: Xiao, Ancheng
name: Liang, Xufeng
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Computational Biology

description: Constraining the initial age of the Northern Qaidam Thrust Belt is critical for studying the growth of the Tibetan Plateau. This study presented insights from field observations and seismic profiles, to constrain the structural pattern and the initial age of the eastern segment of the Northern Qaidam Thrust Belt during the Cenozoic. Our research suggested the Aimunike and the Oulongbuluke uplifts, as well as the Ounan Depression between them have been uplifted during the mid-Miocene, and as a result underwent widespread denudation to remove the late Eocene-early Miocene sequences over them. After that, this area was subsided and accepted the deposition of the mid-Miocene to the Pliocene strata. A second phase of thrusting occurred in the Quaternary as those faults initiated in the mid-Miocene rejuvenated. Our results together with the previous studies suggested the N-S compressional stress over the NE Tibetan Plateau strengthened substantially during the mid-Miocene, leading to a widespread plateau growth at that time.
Spontaneously induced atom-radiation entanglement in an ensemble of two-level atoms
Creators: name: Tesfa, Sintayehu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Analysis of the spontaneously induced correlation on atom-radiation entanglement in an ensemble of two-level atoms initially prepared in the upper level and placed in a cavity containing a squeezed radiation employing the method of evaluating the coherent-state propagator is presented. It is found that the cavity radiation exhibits squeezing which is directly attributed to the squeezed radiation in the cavity. The intensity of the cavity radiation increases with the squeeze parameter and interaction time. It is also shown that substantial degree of entanglement between the atomic states and radiation mode exits at a particular time that depends on the coupling constant and squeeze parameter. We come to understand that though the squeezed radiation is directly accountable for the cavity squeezing, it significantly destroys the atom-radiation entanglement.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures
Consistency between renormalization group running of chiral operator and counting rule -- Case of chiral pion production operator --
Creators: name: Nakamura, Satoshi X.
name: Gardestig, Anders
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In nuclear chiral perturbation theory (ChPT), an operator is defined in a space with a cutoff which may be varied within a certain range. The operator runs as a result of the variation of the cutoff [renormalization group (RG) running]. In order for ChPT to be useful, the operator should run in a way consistent with the counting rule; that is, the running of chiral counter terms have to be of natural size. We vary the cutoff using the Wilsonian renormalization group (WRG) equation, and examine this consistency. As an example, we study the s-wave pion production operator for NN\to d pi, derived in ChPT. We demonstrate that the WRG running does not generate any chiral-symmetry-violating (CSV) interaction, provided that we start with an operator which does not contain a CSV term. We analytically show how the counter terms are generated in the WRG running in case of the infinitesimal cutoff reduction. Based on the analytic result, we argue a range of the cutoff variation for which the running of the counter terms is of natural size. Then, we numerically confirm this.
description: 28 pages, 5 figures, significantly changed, published version
Orbital Design of Flat Bands in Non-Line-Graph Lattices via Line-Graph Wavefunctions
Creators: name: Liu, Hang
name: Sethi, Gurjyot
name: Meng, Sheng
name: Liu, Feng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Line-graph (LG) lattices are known for having flat bands (FBs) from the destructive interference of Bloch wavefunctions encoded in pure lattice symmetry. Here, we develop a generic atomic/molecular orbital design principle for FBs in non-LG lattices. Based on linear-combination-of-atomic-orbital (LCAO) theory, we demonstrate that the underlying wavefunction symmetry of FBs in a LG lattice can be transformed into the atomic/molecular orbital symmetry in a non-LG lattice. We illustrate such orbital-designed topological FBs in three 2D non-LG, square, trigonal, and hexagonal lattices, where the designed orbitals faithfully reproduce the corresponding lattice symmetries of checkerboard, Kagome, and diatomic-Kagome lattices, respectively. Interestingly, systematic design of FBs with a high Chern number is also achieved based on the same principle. Fundamentally our theory enriches the FB physics; practically it significantly expands the scope of FB materials, since most materials have multiple atomic/molecular orbitals at each lattice site, rather than a single s orbital mandated in graph theory and generic lattice models.
description: Accepted by Physical Review B
title: Breathlessness Rapid Evaluation And THErapy (BREATHE)
Creators: name: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4582-7728
Publisher: name: https://ror.org/02stey378
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/02stey378
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: The BREATHE study aims to test a computerised system to improve the accuracy and efficiency of assessing and managing patients with breathlessness. It will use a pre-consultation screening tool to identify undiagnosed breathlessness (BREATHE SMART) and an integrated clinical decision support system (BREATHE CDSS) in the electronic health record to support general practitioners (GPs) to better assess and care for patients with breathlessness in primary care. Each patient identified as having chronic breathlessness and consents to the BREATHE CDSS project will participate for 12 months. In this study we will assess the benefits of these tools for patients and GPs in reaching a diagnosis, commencing evidence-based management and achieving relief of breathlessness.
Large Deviations for Partition Functions of Directed Polymers and Some Other Models in an IID Field
Creators: name: Ben-Ari, Iddo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Consider the partition function of a directed polymer in an IID field. We assume that both tails of the negative and the positive part of the field are at least as light as exponential. It is a well-known fact that the free energy of the polymer is equal to a deterministic constant for almost every realization of the field and that the upper tail of the large deviations is exponential. The lower tail of the large deviations is typically lighter than exponential. In this paper we provide a method to obtain estimates on the rate of decay of the lower tail of the large deviations, which are sharp up to multiplicative constants. As a consequence, we show that the lower tail of the large deviations exhibits three regimes, determined according to the tail of the negative part of the field. Our method is simple to apply and can be used to cover other oriented and non-oriented models including first/last-passage percolation and the parabolic Anderson model
6th International Conference "Fracture Mechanics of Materials and Structural Integrity" (June 3–6, 2019, Lviv, Ukraine): PROGRAMME
Creators: name: Panasyuk V. (Conference Chairman), Lobanov L. (Vice-Chairman), Bobalo Yu. (Vice-Chairman), Yuzevych V., Lozovan V. Et Al.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: 6th International Conference “Fracture Mechanics of Materials and Structural Integrity” (June 3–6, 2019, Lviv, Ukraine): PROGRAMME / European Structural Integri ty Society (ESIS), Karpenko Physico-Mechanical Institute of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Ukrainian Society on Fracture Mechanics, Lviv Polytechnic National University, 2019. 18 p.
Spiral-spin-liquid behaviors and persistent reciprocal kagomé structure in frustrated van der Waals magnets and beyond
Creators: name: Huang, Chun-Jiong
name: Liu, Jian Qiao
name: Chen, Gang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study classical $J_1$-$J_2$ models with distinct spin degrees of freedom on a honeycomb lattice. For the XY and Heisenberg spins, the system develops a spiral spin liquid (SSL) that is a thermal cooperative paramagnetic regime with spins fluctuating around the spiral contours in the momentum space, and at low temperatures supports a vector spin-chirality order despite the absence of long-range magnetic order. In a strong contrast, for the Ising moments, the low-temperature spin correlation forms a reciprocal "kagomé" structure in the momentum space that resembles the SSL behaviors and persists for a range of exchange couplings. The unexpected emergence and persistence of the reciprocal "kagomé" are attributed to the stiffness of the Ising moments and the frustration. At higher temperatures when the thermal fluctuations is strong and the spin correlation is not fully melted, the reciprocal structures evolve from the "kagomé" towards the ones demanded by the soft spin limit. This contrasts strongly with the behaviors of the spiral contours in the SSL regime for the continuous spins. We suggest various experimentally relevant systems including van der Waals magnets such as the transition metal phosphorus trichalcogenides TMPX$_3$, Cr$_2$Ge$_2$Te$_6$, the rare-earth chalcohalides (like HoOF, ErOF and DyOF) and other isostructural systems to realize the SSL-like behaviors and/or the reciprocal kagomé structure.
description: 15 pages, 11 figures: Published version
pH-Dependent Retention Time Measurement for the Identification of Unknown Substances with LC-HRMS
Creators: name: Dann, Janek Paul
name: Brack, Werner
name: Krauss, Martin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: non-target screening
substance identification
LC-HRMS
method
retention time
pH
retention time shift

description: The charge state of molecules containing an ionizable functional group has a large effect on their retention in reversed-phase liquid chromatography. The pKa values of many acidic or basic functional groups typically cover characteristic ranges. Therefore, differences in retention time could yield information about the presence/absence of functional groups in an unknown compound if analyzed with eluents of different pH, making it a promising approach for confirming or rejecting molecular structures for a given molecular formula in nontarget screening.
Accuracy matrix in generalized simultaneous measurement of a qubit system
Creators: name: Sagawa, Takahiro
name: Ueda, Masahito
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We formulate the accuracy of quantum measurement for a qubit system in terms of a 3 by 3 matrix. This matrix, which we refer to as the accuracy matrix, can be calculated from a positive operator-valued measure (POVM) corresponding to the quantum measurement. Based on the accuracy matrix, we derive new trade-off relations between the measurement accuracy of two or three noncommuting observables of a qubit system. These trade-off relations offer a quantitative information-theoretic representation of Bohr's principle of complementarity. They can be interpreted as the uncertainty relations between measurement errors in simultaneous measurements, and also as the trade-off relations between the measurement error and back-action of measurement. A no-cloning inequality is derived from the trade-off relations. Furthermore, our formulation and the obtained results can be applied to analyze quantum state tomography. We also show that the accuracy matrix is closely related to the maximum-likelihood estimation and the Fisher information matrix for a finite number of samples; the accuracy matrix tells us how accurately we can estimate the probability distributions of observables of an unknown state by quantum measurement.
Identifying network communities with a high resolution
Creators: name: Ruan, Jianhua
name: Zhang, Weixiong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Community structure is an important property of complex networks. An automatic discovery of such structure is a fundamental task in many disciplines, including sociology, biology, engineering, and computer science. Recently, several community discovery algorithms have been proposed based on the optimization of a quantity called modularity (Q). However, the problem of modularity optimization is NP-hard, and the existing approaches often suffer from prohibitively long running time or poor quality. Furthermore, it has been recently pointed out that algorithms based on optimizing Q will have a resolution limit, i.e., communities below a certain scale may not be detected. In this research, we first propose an efficient heuristic algorithm, Qcut, which combines spectral graph partitioning and local search to optimize Q. Using both synthetic and real networks, we show that Qcut can find higher modularities and is more scalable than the existing algorithms. Furthermore, using Qcut as an essential component, we propose a recursive algorithm, HQcut, to solve the resolution limit problem. We show that HQcut can successfully detect communities at a much finer scale and with a higher accuracy than the existing algorithms. Finally, we apply Qcut and HQcut to study a protein-protein interaction network, and show that the combination of the two algorithms can reveal interesting biological results that may be otherwise undetectable.
description: 14 pages, 5 figures. 1 supplemental file at http://cic.cs.wustl.edu/qcut/supplemental.pdf