cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The island colony : Tasmania, society and politics, 1880-1900
Creators: name: Reynolds, Henry
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: For a generation after the granting of self government (1856), Tasmania remained \cast in a more aristocratic shape\" than the other Australian Colonies. Mainland governments adopted manhood suffrage triennial parliaments and radical land legislation during the late fifties and early sixties. But in Tasmania the franchise was not significantly widened for almost thirty years and manhood suffrage was not accepted till the eve of Federation. Society did not exhibit the social mobility which English visitors found so marked in New South Wales and Victoria. It remained clearly stratified and habits values and ideas inherited from the penal settlement lingered long after the cessation of transportation."
Stereospecific opiate-binding sites occur in coated vesicles
Creators: name: Roth, B.L.
name: Laskowski, M.B.
name: Coscia, C.J.
name: Spain, J.W.
name: Bennett, D.B.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1985

description: We prepared clathrin-coated vesicles from bovine forebrain utilizing sucrose or deuterium oxide-Ficoll density gradient centrifugation followed by permeation chromatography. Homogeneity was monitored by electron microscopy (EM) and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). EM revealed that the predominant (up to 98% of the total) organelles were coated vesicles and empty hexagonal baskets. Diameters of the coated vesicles ranged from 37 to 120 nm with a mean of 65.2 ± 2.2. Upon SDS-PAGE of the coated vesicle fraction, the most prominent band appeared at 180,000 daltons. There were also three additional bands at 10,000, 50,000 and 35,000 daltons, giving the overall pattern characteristic of coated vesicles. Both 0.5 nM tritiated naltrexone and etorphine displayed specific binding to coated vesicles. Naltrexone binding in coated vesicles from gradient fractions was increased 2.5-fold over the original 100,000 x g pellet. An additional 4-fold enrichment in specific binding was observed after permeation chromatography which was concomitant with an increase in the volume density of coated vesicles in electron micrographs. Naltrexone binding was stereospecific and etorphine binding was inhibited by 100 mM NaCl (40%). Both naltrexone and etorphine binding were inhibited by 50 μM guanyl-5'-yl imidodiphosphate (40 to 50%). In summary, purified bovine brain-coated vesicles contained high affinity stereospecific opiate alkaloid-binding sites with characteristic opioid binding properties.
Additional file 4 of DTX-P7, a peptide–drug conjugate, is highly effective for non-small cell lung cancer
Creators: name: Jiang, Yao
name: Huang, Wei
name: Sun, Xiaojiao
name: Yang, Xiaozhou
name: Wu, Youming
name: Shi, Jiaojiao
name: Zheng, Ji
name: Fan, Shujie
name: Liu, Junya
name: Wang, Jun
name: Liang, Zhen
name: Yang, Nan
name: Liu, Zhenming
name: Liu, Yanyong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 4: Supplementary Figure S3. Proteome changes induced in A549 cells by DTX-P7. a-c) Gene Ontology (GO) annotation analysis of A549 cell proteins that changed more than 1.5-ratio after DTX-P7 treatment, including altered proteins for biological process (a), cellular component (b) and molecular function (c) analyses. d) Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway annotation analysis of A549 cell proteins that changed more than 1.5-ratio after DTX-P7 treatment.
Engraftment paper supplements_resubmission
Creators: name: Lee, Rhianna
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 329999
subject: Other biomedical and clinical sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Supplemental data for "Viral Airway Injury Promotes Cell Engraftment in an In Vitro Model of Cystic Fibrosis Cell Therapy"
Ultrasound of the female urethra
Creators: name: Karmarkar, Roopali
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2018

description: Background: Many theories have been put forward to explain the urinary continence mechanism. Though they seem logical, there is insufficient evidence to support them. Ultrasound has been implemented by researchers to investigate these theories. There is considerable difference in their methodologies and their conclusions. Most of the research on urethral ultrasound is related to stress incontinence; there is a lack of studies on other urodynamic diagnoses. Aim: To compare the measurements of the female urethra by transperineal ultrasound in women with different urodynamic diagnoses and different vaginal parities. Methodology: 150 women had urodynamic studies and 2 and 3 dimensional transperineal ultrasound. They were divided into 4 groups according to their urodynamic diagnosis as nondiagnostic urodynamics(NU), pure detrusor overactivity(PureDO), pure urodynamic stress incontinence(PureUSI) and mixed urinary incontinence(MUI) and also according to their vaginal parity. New methods of measuring urethral position, bladder neck position and urethral dimension are developed and used for measurement. Multiple regression analysis was performed using a model of urethral sphincter volume(USV), bladder neck position(BNP) and pubourethral distance. Key findings: USV was smallest in PureUSI and largest in PureDO groups. BNP at rest was lower in all incontinent groups than NU. MUI group had normal sphincter size but lower BNP. There was no difference in the bladder neck mobility or urethral mobility. Urethral compression was evident in all groups. The statistical model correctly classified 68.2% women with urodynamic stress incontinence and 69.8% women with detrusor overactivity. The urethral sphincter was smaller in women who had a vaginal delivery but there was no difference in the sphincter size of primiparous and multiparous women. Conclusion: Urethral sphincter volume and bladder neck position are the most differentiating factors for the types of urinary incontinence. Subsequent vaginal delivery in primiparous women may not increase their risk of having urinary incontinence.
Evidence for distinct subcellular sites of opiate receptors. Demonstration of opiate receptors in smooth microsomal fractions isolated from rat brain
Creators: name: Coscia, C.J.
name: Roth, B.L.
name: Laskowski, M.B.
Publisher: name: American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Inc.
Year: 1981

description: We have found opiate receptors enriched in two distinct subcellular fractions obtained from rat brain cell-free homogenates. By several criteria, one fraction contains synaptic plasma membranes, while the other represents predominantly smooth microsomes. Using marker enzyme analysis, we determined that the occurrence of opiate receptors in the smooth microsomal fraction cannot be attributed to synaptic plasma membrane cross-contamination. Electron microscopic examination revealed that the two fractions enriched in opiate receptors differed markedly in morphology. In particular, smooth microsomes appeared to lack synaptic junctional complexes, postsynaptic densities, or membranes identifiable as presynaptic. Also, opiate receptors in microsomes were localized on membranes which were distinctly higher (p=1.08-1.14 g/ml) than synaptic plasma membrane receptors (p=1.13-1.18 g/ml) when either agonist or antagonist binding was measured. We also studied the characteristics of binding of opiate agonists to both receptor populations. Although both microsomal and synaptic membrane opiate receptors were sensitive to NaCl when agonist binding was assessed, microsomal receptors were considerably less sensitive toguanine nucleotides than were synaptic membrane receptors. The subsensitivity appeared due to the inability of relatively low concentrations of guanine nucleotides (10 μM) to accelerate the dissociation rate of bound peptide ligand. Finally, microsomal opiate receptors displayed faster rates of dissociation (K-1 = 0.077 min1-) than did synaptic membrane receptors (K-1 = 0.017 min-1). The data are discussed in relation to the concepts that microsomal opiate receptors either represent a distinct population of synaptic membranes or newly synthesized receptors in transit to synaptic membrane sites.
An inverse problem in quantum statistical physics
Creators: name: Méhats, Florian
name: Pinaud, Olivier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We address the following inverse problem in quantum statistical physics: does the quantum free energy (von Neumann entropy + kinetic energy) admit a unique minimizer among the density operators having a given local density $n(x)$? We give a positive answer to that question, in dimension one. This enables to define rigourously the notion of local quantum equilibrium, or quantum Maxwellian, which is at the basis of recently derived quantum hydrodynamic models and quantum drift-diffusion models. We also characterize this unique minimizer, which takes the form of a global thermodynamic equilibrium (canonical ensemble) with a quantum chemical potential.
On Complex Lie Supergroups and Homogeneous Split Supermanifolds
Creators: name: Vishnyakova, E. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: It is well known that the category of real Lie supergroups is equivalent to the category of the so-called (real) Harish-Chandra pairs. That means that a Lie supergroup depends only on the underlying Lie group and its Lie superalgebra with certain compatibility conditions. More precisely, the structure sheaf of a Lie supergroup and the supergroup morphisms can be explicitly described in terms of the corresponding Lie superalgebra. In this paper, we give a proof of this result in the complex-analytic case. Furthermore, if $(G,\mathcal{O}_G)$ is a complex Lie supergroup and $H\subset G$ is a closed Lie subgroup, i.e. it is a Lie subsupergroup of $(G,\mathcal{O}_G)$ and its odd dimension is zero, we show that the corresponding homogeneous supermanifold $(G/H,\mathcal{O}_{G/H})$ is split. In particular, any complex Lie supergroup is a split supermanifold. It is well known that a complex homogeneous supermanifold may be non-split. We find here necessary and sufficient conditions for a complex homogeneous supermanifold to be split.
description: Version 3 - exposition expanded, references added, 24 pages
Determination of five carbazole alkaloids from the root of Clausena harmandiana by High Performance Liquid Chromatography
Creators: name: Supawadee Daodee
Publisher: name: Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences KKU MSU UBU
Year: 2012
Subjects: Clausena harmandiana, HPLC, Carbazole alkaloids

description: Isan Journal ofPharmaceutical Sciences, 8, 2, 94-100
The sulfur isotopic consequence of seawater sulfate distillation preserved in the Neoproterozoic Sete Lagoas post-glacial carbonate, eastern Brazil
Creators: name: Okubo, Juliana
name: Kaufman, Alan J.
name: Warren, Lucas V.
name: Evans, Michael N.
name: Marroquín, Selva
name: Varni, Michael A.
name: Misi, Aroldo
name: Bahniuk, Anelize M.
name: Xiao, Shuhai
Publisher: name: Geological Society of London
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Fig. 11
Thermodynamics and kinetics of small molecule interactions with human hair keratin
Creators: name: Molisso, Susannah
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2021

description: Keratin is a ubiquitous class of proteins with extreme importance to the textiles and hair care industries. The molecular behaviour between keratins and small molecules of interest is poorly understood, prompting the need for studies to better understand interactions between small molecules and keratin. In this work solid-state 1H spin-lattice (T1) and spin-spin (T2) NMR techniques have been developed to evaluate interactions between small molecules and hair fibres, and understand how these interactions can inform the level of damage in these materials using 13C Cross Polarisation/Magic Angle Spinning NMR. The sorption and desorption of different molecules has also been studied using High Performance Liquid Chromatography and Dynamic Vapour Sorption. The key findings from this work include a reproducible method to measure molecular interactions within human hair using NMR. This study also demonstrates that molecular behaviour in hair can be predicted from the molecular properties of the active chemicals in hair. Increasing moisture content and damage in hair samples both result in increased interactions with small molecules. This work suggests that NMR relaxation times can be used as a measure of damage in hair. A novel HPLC method was devised to measure real-time loss of dye actives from dyed hair, allowing desorption kinetic analysis to be performed. Finally, hysteresis in hair water sorption isotherms was examined by reducing the crosslink density in hair samples. It was determined that hysteresis in water sorption isotherms results from the swelling properties of the hair fibre, with low crosslinked density associated with reduced hysteresis and early onset of moisture induced glass transition events in hair. This work has developed three robust experimental methods; using relaxation properties to interrogate molecular interactions and hair damage, and also using HPLC to measure desorption from keratin fibres. The foundations these methods have built will greatly improve understanding of small molecular behaviour in keratins and how keratin structure affects these interactions. This work has significant applications to product formulation for both the hair care and textiles industries.
Pattern and complexity : psychophysical needs as determinants in the visual environment
Creators: name: Dempsey, Nadine M.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: This paper reports on a study carried out to explore some aspects of the relation of behavior to the physical context. It attempts to investigate the possibilities of psychophysical needs as determinants in evaluating and structuring the visual environment. For purposes of this study, signs in the context of the city were selected as specific elements of the visual environment which would be analyzed in terms of the research. Advertising, information, and identification signs were examined in terms of their function as design elements within the total visual image of the city, and as they could relate to perceptual and aesthetic processes. The intent of this paper was to establish a practical basis for a new approach to the structure of sign control in urban areas. The initial step was to outline the various theories relating to perception, to describe the perceptual process as it is generally understood, and to examine some of the complex variables which are operative in the processes of perception. Both physical and psychological factors combine in intricate relationships of inherent needs and capabilities as well effects of learning and experience. In addition, the relationship between aesthetics, or the formal elements of art, and basic psychophysical needs for pattern and complexity in visual stimuli were investigated. Material from the areas of psychology, biology, and design was explored in an attempt to bridge some of the many gaps which now exist between behavioral sciences, art and the planning of the visual environment. Finally, a proposed structure for a sign control by-law was developed which would provide a more comprehensive design basis than that which presently exists, and which in adoption, would be more consistent with the needs described in the processes of perception and aesthetic satisfaction. As a result of this study, it was concluded that within any given culture, broad similarities occur in the related processes of perception and aesthetic satisfaction. These two processes have both physical and cultural components, and learning and motivation seem to play large roles, as do the innate factors. The search for stimulus variability and complexity seems to be a basic incentive in human behavior. There is also evidence of an optimal perceptual rate within homogeneous cultures. Further research in order to develop adequate methodology to test optimal perceptual responses and level of satisfaction of the visual environment is essential. However, these psychophysical processes provide a more realistic and comprehensive basis for the evaluation of the environment. Development of a design framework which will allow the maxim of complexity and variability to occur within a total pattern is a more desirable and effective approach toward the visual environment than that which now exists.
Projected Constraints on Modified Gravity Cosmologies from 21 cm Intensity Mapping
Creators: name: Masui, Kiyoshi Wesley
name: Schmidt, Fabian
name: Pen, Ue-Li
name: McDonald, Patrick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present projected constraints on modified gravity models from the observational technique known as 21 cm intensity mapping, where cosmic structure is detected without resolving individual galaxies. The resulting map is sensitive to both BAO and weak lensing, two of the most powerful cosmological probes. It is found that a 200 m x 200 m cylindrical telescope, sensitive out to z=2.5, would be able to distinguish DGP from most dark energy models, and constrain the Hu & Sawicki f(R) model to |f_{R0}| < 9*10^(-6) at 95% confidence. The latter constraint makes extensive use of the lensing spectrum in the nonlinear regime. These results show that 21 cm intensity mapping is not only sensitive to modifications of the standard model's expansion history, but also to structure growth. This makes intensity mapping a powerful and economical technique, achievable on much shorter time scales than optical experiments that would probe the same era.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures, 1 table. Added references and expanded discussion. As resubmitted to Phys. Rev. D, in response to reviewer comments
Geometry of quasi-circular domains and applications to tetrablock
Creators: name: Kosinski, Lukasz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 32H35, 32M12

description: We prove that the Shilov boundary is invariant under proper holomorphic mappings between some classes of domains (containing among others quasi-balanced domains with the continuous Minkowski functionals). Moreover, we obtain an extension theorem for proper holomorphic mappings between quasi-circular domains. Using these results we show that there are no non-trivial proper holomorphic self-mappings in the tetrablock. Another important result of our work is a description of Shilov boundaries of a large class of domains (containing among other the symmetrized polydisc and the tetrablock). It is also shown that the tetrablock is not $\mathbb C$-convex.
description: 11 pages
Quality, legitimacy and global governance : a comparative analysis of four forest institutions
Creators: name: Cadman, T
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: This dissertation is a theoretical and evaluative study of the quality of global governance, explored through case studies of four global institutions in the environmental policy domain addressing forest management: the Forest Stewardship Council, the ISO 14000 Series (Environmental Management Systems), the Programme for the Endorsement of Forest Certification, and the United Nations Forum on Forests. It examines the international relations/international politics and comparative politics/public administration literature concerning the institutional theory and practice of contemporary governance, particularly the nature of democracy beyond the nation-state. Given the ongoing evolution of global governance, it is important to determine whether the institutions in which actors operate are sufficiently effective to address the problems of the contemporary era. Previous methods of evaluating governance quality have been based largely upon input/output legitimacy. Using a theoretical framework based around 'new' governance, the thesis argues that contemporary global governance is best understood as being built around 'participation as structure' and 'deliberation as process', and that the more deliberative the interactions within a given institution, the higher the quality of governance. The method of analysis is built upon a new arrangement of the accepted attributes of 'good' governance, using a set of qualitative principles, criteria and indicators, and applied to the structures and processes of governance. Recognising that contemporary global institutions are manifold, the analytical framework also locates the institutions typologically, determined by their source of authority (state/non-state), democratic mode (aggregative/deliberative) and degree of governance innovation (old/new). The research findings confirm that the more deliberative the model of democratic interaction, the better the systems' quality of governance and by extension, the more legitimate the institution.
Malleable robots: continuously bending reconfigurable robot manipulators for flexible handling and assembly
Creators: name: Clark, Angus Benedict
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2022

description: This thesis introduces a new area of reconfigurable and soft robotics known as Malleable Robots, composed of reconfigurable serial robot arms of low degrees of freedom (DOF) that can modify their topology of revolute joints to generate various robot configurations with alternative workspaces. For the majority of tasks performed by traditional serial robot arms, such as pick and place objectives, only two or three degrees of freedom are required for motion; however, by augmenting the number of degrees of freedom, further dexterity of robot arms for multiple tasks can be achieved. This is demonstrated by the vast majority of serial robot manipulators being composed of 5 or 6 DOF, despite performing low DOF tasks. Through the implementation of reconfigurability to achieve flexibility and adaptation to tasks by morphology changes rather than by increasing the number of joints, malleable robots present advantages over traditional serial robot arms in regards to reduced weight, size, and cost. While limited in degrees of freedom, malleable robots still provide versatility across operations typically served by systems using higher DOF than required by the tasks. This thesis aims to address the design and implementation of the first 2-DOF malleable robot, highlighting their necessary developments, strengths and weaknesses, and suggested areas for implementation. Firstly, the design of a malleable link is explored; a variable stiffness continuously bending link that enables the key reconfigurability aspect of a malleable robot. The design of a variable stiffness 1 DOF joint is also explored. As this is a new area of robotics, in the second chapter we additionally explore and specify key metrics that are desired for a malleable link, detailing their assessment procedures alongside alternative implementations of malleable links. In the third chapter these are implemented in the creation of a 2-DOF malleable robot, detailed along with its control through forward and inverse kinematics, and a reconfiguration methodology that informs morphology changes based on end effector location---determining how the user should reshape the robot to enable a task previously unattainable. Finally, as a solution to the non-trivial manual reconfiguration of malleable robots, we present the design of an interactive augmented reality alignment interface, which helps a malleable robot understand the users task requirements, visualises to the user the requested robot configuration and its workspace, and guides the user in reconfiguring the robot to achieve that configuration.
The sulfur isotopic consequence of seawater sulfate distillation preserved in the Neoproterozoic Sete Lagoas post-glacial carbonate, eastern Brazil
Creators: name: Okubo, Juliana
name: Kaufman, Alan J.
name: Warren, Lucas V.
name: Evans, Michael N.
name: Marroquín, Selva
name: Varni, Michael A.
name: Misi, Aroldo
name: Bahniuk, Anelize M.
name: Xiao, Shuhai
Publisher: name: Geological Society of London
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Fig. 13
Additional file 1 of Association of novel and conventional obesity indices with colorectal cancer risk in older Chinese: a 14-year follow-up of the Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study
Creators: name: Wang, Shu Yi
name: Zhang, Wei Sen
name: Jiang, Chao Qiang
name: Jin, Ya Li
name: Zhu, Tong
name: Zhu, Feng
name: Xu, Lin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Supplementary Material 1
Erratum: Unexplored therapeutic opportunities in the human genome (Nature reviews. Drug discovery (2018) 17 5 (317-332))
Creators: name: Qin, J.
name: Tomita, S.
name: Leach, A.R.
name: Yang, J.J.
name: Tudose, I.
name: Campbell, A.
name: Muthas, D.
name: Bologa, C.G.
name: Overington, J.P.
name: Roth, B.L.
name: von Mering, C.
name: Johnson, G.L.
name: Ursu, O.
name: Maayan, A.
name: Zahoranszky-Koehalmi, G.
name: Reich, C.
name: Papadatos, G.
name: Jadhav, A.
name: Jensen, L.J.
name: Scherer, S.C.
name: Vidovic, D.
name: Gomez, S.M.
name: Gaulton, A.
name: Malovannaya, A.
name: Waller, A.
name: Nguyen, D.-T.
name: Holmes, J.
name: Brunak, S.
name: Meehan, T.F.
name: Mani, S.
name: Gan, G.N.
name: Oprea, T.I.
name: Sklar, L.A.
name: McManus, M.T.
name: Guha, R.
name: Karlson, A.
name: Westergaard, D.
name: Simeonov, A.
name: Hersey, A.
name: Southall, N.
name: Mathias, S.L.
Publisher: name: NLM (Medline)
Year: 2018

description: This corrects the article DOI: 10.1038/nrd.2018.14.
Reacting to a pandemic: quantifying the transmission and evolutionary dynamics of a respiratory virus
Creators: name: Eales, Oliver
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2022

description: Quantifying the transmission dynamics of a pandemic pathogen is paramount for informing an effective and proportionate public health response. However, traditional pandemic surveillance methodology can be prone to a multitude of biases, which can limit the validity of any inference based on such sources of data. For example, large-scale community testing can be heavily influenced by testing rates, test-seeking behaviours, and symptom-based testing criteria, all of which can change over time. In contrast random sampling, the process of testing a randomly selected subset of the population, can be used to accurately assess the level of community infections with far fewer biases. The REal-time Assessment of Community Transmission -1 (REACT-1) study is a community-based study that estimated the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 swab-positivity in England over nearly two years of the pandemic (1 May 2020 – 1 April 2022), based on RT-PCR test results among random samples of the population. In this thesis I use mathematical models and data from the REACT-1 study to quantify the transmission dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 across the different phases of the pandemic in England. The periods presented cover the widespread circulation of the original SARS-CoV-2 strain, the emergence of the Alpha, Delta and Omicron variants and the rollout of England’s mass vaccination campaign. I estimate the temporal trends in infection prevalence, infection incidence, growth rate, time-varying reproduction number, infection fatality ratio and infection hospitalisation ratio. I then further explore the dynamics of variant competition using REACT-1 data to quantify (1) the establishment of the Alpha variant as it outcompeted the Beta variants, (2) the competition between sub-lineages of the Delta variant, and (3) the establishment of the Omicron variant and the resulting sub-lineage competition between BA.1 and BA.2. To highlight some of the potential future challenges in SARS-CoV-2 surveillance I additionally explore the dynamics of influenza variant competition from 2014 to 2020. High levels of immunity to SARS-CoV-2 have already been reached in many populations due to high rates of vaccination and natural infection. However, waning of immunity and the continued emergence of new variants will lead to recurrent epidemics far into the future. With pandemic surveillance capacity having already been scaled back, community surveillance based on a random sampling framework, could offer a mechanism to continue quantifying transmission dynamics even with greatly reduced testing resources.
The exhaustion of progressive Aboriginal governance
Creators: name: Moore, TC
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: This thesis is a case study of the exhaustion of the progressive public policy approach to Aboriginal governance. Using poststructuralist and constructivist theory and interpretive ethnographic research methods, it finds that the progressive approach rests on notions of solidary culture, unitary identity and binary difference, and the cause of Aboriginal circumstances to be the oppressive power of the colonial and later Australian state, to which Aborigines have been innocently victim. The logic has been that the acknowledgement of particularity, provision of culturally-appropriate services and support for self-determination would facilitate a recovery of culture and self and thence enhanced capacity to engage in national society. The thesis recognises the early usefulness of the approach but documents its contemporary exhaustion as Aboriginal political elites find it in their interests to elaborate the same notions and logic and impose on their constituents a restrictive regime of normative Aboriginality. It finds that contemporary Aboriginal Tasmanian and settler-Australian 'cultures' are ambiguously different and that Aborigines are subjectively multiple. Moreover, in their everyday lives they negotiate the small differences that distinguish them from other Australians and thus are able to be both Aborigines and citizens. Contrarily, progressive Aboriginal governance, in schooling and other spheres, makes this demotic negotiation of dual consciousness more difficult to achieve. For their different governing ends, which inhere in having Aborigines choose either Aboriginality or citizenship, both the administrative state and Aboriginal politics manipulate a notional binary difference between a mythic Aboriginality and normal citizenship. Their interests align to press Aborigines into a certain particularity, apparently unable to grow beyond it without losing it, and making it difficult for them to also be participatory citizens. This hegemonic discourse has many Aborigines perform a masquerade of the authorised Aboriginality and in that way problematise the capabilities to negotiate the complexities of being both Aboriginal and Australian that they otherwise employ in their everyday lives. This unnecessarily compromises their relationship with settler-Australia, contributing to a sense of alienation and poor educational and health outcomes. The thesis argues that it is the attempt to simplify actual complexity that has led progressivism to become counter-productive in this way. It considers the national implications of these dynamics and argues that a better negotiation of the tensions between cultural particularity and citizenship relies on the acknowledgement by policy-makers of the interculturality, identity ambiguity, causal multi-dimensionality and agency of the objects of policy that are Aboriginal Australians' lived reality.
Macroalgal assemblages as indicators of the broad-scale impacts of fish farms on temperate reef habitats
Creators: name: Oh, E
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: Intensive fish culture in open sea pens can deliver large amounts of nutrients to coastal ecosystems. Sheltered areas with high water quality are predominately chosen for this type of mariculture, and these systems may be adversely affected by the presence of the farms. Since macroalgal community composition has been shown to be a good indicator of environmental disturbance on reef, the present study investigated the effect of salmon farms on macroalgae in a semi-enclosed coastal waterway in southern Tasmania. Data on the macroalgal community were collected from two depths at 44 sites of varying distance from twelve active fish farm leases. This included reference sites at distances of 5 km or more. The sites were widely distributed throughout the study area, and varied in their exposure to wave action. The macroalgal community composition differed significantly between sites at 100 m from fish farms and sites at 5 km or more. Sites at 400 m varied in their response to farms, with some sites showing characteristics similar to 100 m sites. Impacts varied between swell exposed sites and sites only subjected to wind-generated waves. Chaetomorpha spp. and Ulva spp. were abundant near fish farms at exposed sites, whereas the abundance of filamentous green algae increased at sites near fish farms in sheltered sites. The percentage cover of indicator groups such as epiphytes and opportunistic algae in total provided the best indicators of fish farm impacts on a broad scale. The percent cover of canopy forming perennial algae did not decrease near fish farms indicating that their growth and recruitment has not been greatly affected by high levels of sedimentation from fish farms or prolonged fouling by opportunistic algal epiphytes to the present, however further study is needed to examine this in more detail. The above analysis utilised photographic quadrats to quantify community composition. Most other broad-scale sampling methods used to measure macroalgal composition require expertise to identify species in situ. However, this reduces the capacity of monitoring programs to collect large amounts of data. Using data collected from a subset of 36 sites, the photographic method was compared with a manual quadrat sampling method. The two methods produced similar multivariate results but manual quadrats had a slightly greater capacity to detect the impacts of the fish farms. This indicates that photographic quadrats are likely to be conservative in quantifying effects of fish farms, but still deliver appropriate resolution to detect major changes in dominant macroalgal cover and composition. Some adjustments to the photographic methods used will allow better resolution for algae obstructed by canopy or epiphytic overgrowth.
Breaking the ice : developing a model of expeditioner and partner adaptation to Antarctic employment
Creators: name: Norris, Kimberley
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: Existing research on the psychological issues that affect returning Antarctic expeditioners testifies to the coexistence of both positive and negative outcomes derived from their experience 'on the ice'. However the predominant focus of such research has been limited to adjustment outcomes rather than the processes that underlie adaptation - processes which are likely to include individual coping mechanisms, organisational demands, and family functioning patterns. Identification of the salient predictors of resilience and adaptation enables intervention strategies to focus on enhancing this capacity throughout the employment experience. Adopting a salutogenic perspective, the present study investigated the experience of Antarctic employment for single expeditioners, partnered expeditioners, and partners from pre-departure through to reintegration in an effort to identify factors which facilitate positive and negative adaptation. This was achieved through: 1) Identifying factors that promote psychological resilience and adaptation in Antarctic expeditioners and describing their relationship to positive and negative change arising from the expedition experience; 2) Identifying factors that promote psychological resilience and adaptation in Antarctic expeditioners partners and describing their relationship to positive and negative change arising from the separation experience; and 3) Describing the quality and nature of the reintegration experience by comparing the processes and outcomes of each of the above, and their implications for the process of reintegration over a 12 month period. An additional aim of the present research was to investigate the impact of a shift from ship to air-based personnel movement in Australian Antarctic populations.
Discovery of N-Substituted (2-Phenylcyclopropyl)methylamines as Functionally Selective Serotonin 2C Receptor Agonists for Potential Use as Antipsychotic Medications
Creators: name: Roth, B.L.
name: Cheng, J.
name: Lorello, P.J.
name: Kozikowski, A.P.
name: McCorvy, J.D.
name: Zhang, G.
name: Caldarone, B.J.
Publisher: name: American Chemical Society
Year: 2017

description: A series of N-substituted (2-phenylcyclopropyl)methylamines were designed and synthesized, with the aim of finding serotonin 2C (5-HT2C)-selective agonists with a preference for Gq signaling. A number of these compounds exhibit 5-HT2C selectivity with a preference for Gq-mediated signaling compared with Î²-arrestin recruitment. Furthermore, the N-methyl compound (+)-15a, which displayed an EC50 of 23 nM in the calcium flux assay while showing no Î²-arrestin recruitment activity, is the most functionally selective 5-HT2C agonist reported to date. The N-benzyl compound (+)-19, which showed an EC50 of 24 nM at the 5-HT2C receptor, is fully selective over the 5-HT2B receptor. In an amphetamine-induced hyperactivity model, compound (+)-19 showed significant antipsychotic-drug-like activity. These novel compounds shed light on the role of functional selectivity at the 5-HT2C receptor with respect to antipsychotic activity. Â© 2017 American Chemical Society.
Impacts of coffee fragmented landscapes on biodiversity and microclimate with emerging monitoring technologies
Creators: name: Damstra, Elise Damstra
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2022

description: Habitat fragmentation and loss are causing biodiversity declines across the globe. As biodiversity is unevenly distributed, with many hotspots located in the tropics, conserving and protecting these areas is important to preserve as many species as possible. Chapter 2 presents an overview of the Ecology of the Atlantic Forest, a highly fragmented biodiversity hotspot. A major driver of habitat fragmentation is agriculture, and in the tropics coffee is major cash crop. Developing methods to monitor biodiversity effectively without labour intensive surveys can help us understand how communities are using fragmented landscapes and better inform management practices that promote biodiversity. Acoustic monitoring offers a promising set of tools to remotely monitor biodiversity. Developments in machine learning offer automatic species detection and classification in certain taxa. Chapters 3 and 4 use acoustic monitoring surveys conducted on fragmented landscapes in the Atlantic Forest to quantify bird and bat communities in forest and coffee matrix, respectively. Chapter 3 shows that acoustic composition can reflect local avian communities. Chapter 4 applies a convolutional neural network (CNN) optimised on UK bat calls to a Brazilian bat dataset to estimate bat diversity and show how bats preferentially use coffee habitats. In addition to monitoring biodiversity, monitoring microclimate forms a key part of climate smart agriculture for climate change mitigation. Coffee agriculture is limited to the tropics, overlapping with biodiverse regions, but is threatened by climate change. This presents a challenge to countries strongly reliant on coffee exports such as Brazil and Nicaragua. Chapter 5 uses data from microclimate weather stations in Nicaragua to demonstrate that sun-coffee management is vulnerable to supraoptimal temperature exposure regardless of local forest cover or elevation.
Selective k Opioid Antagonists nor-BNI, GNTI and JDTic Have Low Affinities for Non-Opioid Receptors and Transporters
Creators: name: Inglese, C.
name: Huang, X.-P.
name: Van't Veer, A.
name: Beguin, C.
name: Roth, B.L.
name: Colabufo, N.A.
name: Perrone, M.G.
name: Munro, T.A.
name: Carlezon Jr., W.A.
name: Carroll, F.I.
name: Cohen, B.M.
Publisher: name: Public Library of Science
Year: 2013

description: Background:Nor-BNI, GNTI and JDTic induce selective Îº opioid antagonism that is delayed and extremely prolonged, but some other effects are of rapid onset and brief duration. The transient effects of these compounds differ, suggesting that some of them may be mediated by other targets.Results:In binding assays, the three antagonists showed no detectable affinity (Kiâ‰¥10 Î¼M) for most non-opioid receptors and transporters (26 of 43 tested). There was no non-opioid target for which all three compounds shared detectable affinity, or for which any two shared sub-micromolar affinity. All three compounds showed low nanomolar affinity for Îº opioid receptors, with moderate selectivity over Î¼ and Î´ (3 to 44-fold). Nor-BNI bound weakly to the Î±2C-adrenoceptor (Ki = 630 nM). GNTI enhanced calcium mobilization by noradrenaline at the Î±1A-adrenoceptor (EC50 = 41 nM), but did not activate the receptor, displace radioligands, or enhance PI hydrolysis. This suggests that it is a functionally-selective allosteric enhancer. GNTI was also a weak M1 receptor antagonist (KB = 3.7 Î¼M). JDTic bound to the noradrenaline transporter (Ki = 54 nM), but only weakly inhibited transport (IC50 = 1.1 Î¼M). JDTic also bound to the opioid-like receptor NOP (Ki = 12 nM), but gave little antagonism even at 30 Î¼M. All three compounds exhibited rapid permeation and active efflux across Caco-2 cell monolayers.Conclusions:Across 43 non-opioid CNS targets, only GNTI exhibited a potent functional effect (allosteric enhancement of Î±1A-adrenoceptors). This may contribute to GNTI's severe transient effects. Plasma concentrations of nor-BNI and GNTI may be high enough to affect some peripheral non-opioid targets. Nonetheless, Îº opioid antagonism persists for weeks or months after these transient effects dissipate. With an adequate pre-administration interval, our results therefore strengthen the evidence that nor-BNI, GNTI and JDTic are highly selective Îº opioid antagonists. Â© 2013 Munro et al.
Causes and consequences of same-sex sociosexual behaviour in male rhesus macaques
Creators: name: Clive, Jackson
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2022

description: Numerous reports have documented the occurrence of same-sex sociosexual behaviour (SSB) across the natural world. However, distributions of the behaviour within a species are needed to test popular theories describing its evolutionary underpinning, above all, whether the behaviour can be heritable and therefore evolve, and consequently if the behaviour carries fitness costs due to harsh trade-offs with reproductive effort. Chapter 1 provides this intraspecific distribution by using detailed observations collected across three years of the social and mounting behaviour of 236 male semi-wild male rhesus macaques. Results showed that male-male mounting was more common than male-female mounting, and that the likelihood of exclusive SSB orientations (and duly high reproductive costs) were low. Chapter 2 demonstrates that historical theories of social group sex-ratio and dominance (potentially mediating limited-female access) explain SSB only marginally, with increasing age instead weakly influencing both increased dominance rank and decreased SSB. Results therefore opened the possibility of individual identity, and consequently genetic background, influencing the expression of the behaviour. Using a comprehensive pedigree, this chapter provides the first evidence of vertebrate repeatability (19.3%) and heritability (6.4%) of SSB in the natural world. Furthermore, a positive genetic correlation between same-sex mounter and mountee activities indicated a common underpinning to different forms of SSB. In contrast, there was no genetic correlation between male-male and male-female mounting, providing further evidence of a decoupling between SSB and costs to missed mating opportunities. Chapter 3 studies pedigree offspring sired to directly show no evidence of a cost to SSB, but instead that the behaviour predicted coalitionary partnerships associated with likely fitness benefits. Together, the results presented here demonstrate that SSB can be common amongst individuals, can evolve, and is unlikely to be costly, with implications for both animal and human research.
Simplicity in the Structure of QED and Gravity Amplitudes
Creators: name: Badger, Simon
name: Bjerrum-Bohr, N. E. J.
name: Vanhove, Pierre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate generic properties of one-loop amplitudes in unordered gauge theories in four dimensions. For such theories the organisation of amplitudes in manifestly crossing symmetric expressions poses restrictions on their structure and results in remarkable cancellations. We show that one-loop multi-photon amplitudes in QED with at least eight external photons are given only by scalar box integral functions. This QED `no-triangle' property is true for all helicity configurations and has similarities to the `no-triangle' property found in the case of maximal N = 8 supergravity. Results are derived both via a world-line formalism as well as using on-shell unitarity methods. We show that the simple structure of the loop amplitude originates from the extremely good BCFW scaling behaviour of the QED tree-amplitude.
description: v2: v2: appendix B rephrased and updated, results unchanged. 43 pages. Latex, 7 figures
MPEC 2023-X306 : 2023 XL14
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 XL14

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.