cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
High-frequency electron paramagnetic resonance investigation of the Fe3+ impurity center in polycrystalline PbTiO3 in its ferroelectric phase
Creators: name: Mestric, Hrvoje
name: Eichel, Ruediger-A.
name: Dinse, Klaus-P.
name: Ozarowski, Andrew
name: van Tol, Johan
name: Brunel, Louis Claude
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The intrinsic iron(III) impurity center in polycrystalline lead titanate was investigated by means of high-frequency electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy in order to determine the local-environment sensitive fine structure parameter D. At a spectrometer frequency of 190 GHz, spectral analysis of a powder sample was unambiguously possible. The observed mean value D = +35.28 GHz can be rationalized if Fe3+ ions substitute for Ti4+ at the B-site of the perovskite ABO3 lattice forming a directly coordinated iron - oxygen vacancy defect associate. A consistent fit of the multi-frequency data necessitated use of a distribution of D values with a variance of about 1 GHz. This statistical distribution of values is probably related to more distant defects and vacancies.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, 1 table, to appear in J. App. Phys, 96 (2004)
Fuzzy Spacetime with SU(3) Isometry in IIB Matrix Model
Creators: name: Kaneko, H.
name: Kitazawa, Y.
name: Tomino, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A group of fuzzy spacetime with SU(3) isometry is studied at the two loop level in IIB matrix model. It consists of spacetime from 4 to 6 dimensions, namely from CP2 to SU(3)/U(1)x U(1). The effective action scales in a universal manner in the large N limit as N and N^{4/3} on 4 and 6 dimensional manifolds respectively. The 4 dimensional spacetime CP2 possesses the smallest effective action in this class.
description: 27 pages, 2 figures, added reference
Steady state entanglement in open and noisy quantum systems at high temperature
Creators: name: Hartmann, L.
name: Dür, W.
name: Briegel, H. -J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that quantum mechanical entanglement can prevail even in noisy open quantum systems at high temperature and far from thermodynamical equilibrium, despite the deteriorating effect of decoherence. The system consists of a number N of interacting quantum particles, and it can interact and exchange particles with some environment. The effect of decoherence is counteracted by a simple mechanism, where system particles are randomly reset to some standard initial state, e.g. by replacing them with particles from the environment. We present a master equation that describes this process, which we can solve analytically for small N. If we vary the interaction strength and the reset against decoherence rate, we find a threshold below which the equilibrium state is classically correlated, and above which there is a parameter region with genuine entanglement.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Financial Management and Portfolio Analysis for U.S. Farm and Nonfarm Households
Creators: name: Katchova, Ani L.
name: Katchova, Ani L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Financial Economics
subject: farm households
subject: financial management
subject: nonfarm households
subject: portfolio analysis
subject: quantile regression

description: This study examines the portfolio allocation of assets for farm and nonfarm households using the Agricultural Resource Management Survey and the Survey of Consumer Finances. The stylized facts of household finance, including limited participation in equity markets and heterogeneity of asset portfolios, are also confirmed for farm households. However, farm households show fewer differences in participation rates and asset allocation across wealth groups. Probit and conditional regression models indicate that fewer demographic factors affect participation rates and portfolio shares of risky assets for farm than nonfarm households. The aggregate statistics seem overwhelmingly influenced by households with large holdings of risky assets as shown by quantile regressions.
Quantum logic operations and creation of entanglement in a scalable superconducting quantum computer with long-range constant interaction between qubits
Creators: name: Berman, G. P.
name: Bishop, A. R.
name: Kamenev, D. I.
name: Trombettoni, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a one-dimensional chain of many superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUIDs), serving as charge qubits. Each SQUID is coupled to its nearest neighbors through constant capacitances. We study the quantum logic operations and implementation of entanglement in this system. Arrays with two and three qubits are considered in detail. We show that the creation of entanglement with an arbitrary number of qubits can be implemented, without systematic errors, even when the coupling between qubits is not small. A relatively large coupling constant allows one to increase the clock speed of the quantum computer. We analytically and numerically demonstrate the creation of the entanglement for this case, which can be a good test for the experimental implementation of a relatively simple quantum protocol with many qubits. We discuss a possible application of our approach for implementing universal quantum logic for more complex algorithms by decreasing the coupling constant and, correspondingly, decreasing the clock speed. The errors introduced by the long-range interaction for the universal logic gates are estimated analytically and calculated numerically. Our results can be useful for experimental implementation of quantum algorithms using controlled magnetic fluxes and gate voltages applied to the SQUIDs. The algorithms discussed in this paper can be implemented using already existing technologies in superconducting systems with constant inter-qubit coupling.
description: 24 pages
Additional file 1 of The governance of traditional medicine and herbal remedies in the selected local markets of Western Kenya
Creators: name: Chebii, Willy Kibet
name: Muthee, John Kaunga
name: Karatu Kiemo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Survey Questionnaire
Summation formulae for noncommutative hypergeometric series
Creators: name: Schlosser, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 33C20, 33C99, 33D15, 33D99

description: We establish several summation formulae for hypergeometric and basic hypergeometric series involving noncommutative parameters and argument. These results were inspired by a recent paper of J. A. Tirao [Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. 100 (14) (2003), 8138-8141].
description: 35 pages
Infinite average lifetime of an unstable bright state in the green fluorescent protein
Creators: name: Didier, P.
name: Guidoni, L.
name: Bardou, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The time evolution of the fluorescence intensity emitted by well-defined ensembles of Green Fluorescent Proteins has been studied by using a standard confocal microscope. In contrast with previous results obtained in single molecule experiments, the photo-bleaching of the ensemble is well described by a model based on Levy statistics. Moreover, this simple theoretical model allows us to obtain information about the energy-scales involved in the aging process.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Magnetic Lattices for Orthosymplectic Quivers
Creators: name: Bourget, Antoine
name: Grimminger, Julius F.
name: Hanany, Amihay
name: Kalveks, Rudolph
name: Sperling, Marcus
name: Zhong, Zhenghao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For any gauge theory, there may be a subgroup of the gauge group which acts trivially on the matter content. While many physical observables are not sensitive to this fact, the identification of the precise gauge group becomes crucial when the magnetic spectrum of the theory is considered. This question is addressed in the context of Coulomb branches for $3$d $\mathcal{N}=4$ quiver gauge theories, which are moduli spaces of dressed monopole operators. Since monopole operators are characterized by their magnetic charge, the identification of the gauge group is imperative for the determination of the magnetic lattice. It is well-known that the gauge group of unframed unitary quivers is the product of all unitary nodes in the quiver modded out by the diagonal $\mathrm{U}(1)$ acting trivially on the matter representation. This reasoning generalises to the notion that a choice of gauge group associated to a quiver is given by the product of the individual nodes quotiented by any subgroup that acts trivially on the matter content. For unframed (unitary-) orthosymplectic quivers composed of $\mathrm{SO}(\textrm{even})$, $\mathrm{USp}$, and possibly $\mathrm{U}$ gauge nodes, the maximal subgroup acting trivially is a diagonal $\mathbb{Z}_2$. For unframed unitary quivers with a single $\mathrm{SU}(N)$ node it is $\mathbb{Z}_N$. We use this notion to compute the Coulomb branch Hilbert series of many unitary-orthosymplectic quivers. Examples include nilpotent orbit closures of the exceptional E-type algebras and magnetic quivers that arise from brane physics. This includes Higgs branches of theories with 8 supercharges in dimensions $4$, $5$, and $6$. A crucial ingredient in the calculation of exact refined Hilbert series is the alternative construction of unframed magnetic quivers from resolved Slodowy slices, whose Hilbert series can be derived from Hall-Littlewood polynomials.
description: v2: 44 pages + appendices, matches JHEP version, added references and fixed typos
Additional file 1 of Health staff experiences with the implementation of early essential newborn care guidelines in Da Nang municipality and Quang Nam province in Viet Nam
Creators: name: Morseth, Marianne S.
name: Nguyen, Tuan T.
name: Skui, Malene
name: Terragni, Laura
name: Ngo, Quang V.
name: Vu, Ha T. T.
name: Mathisen, Roger
name: Henjum, Sigrun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Interview guide
Evaluating the Research Benefits for Traded Commodities
Creators: name: Edwards, Geoff W.
name: Edwards, Geoff W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1987
Subjects: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: A great deal of attention has been devoted in the last two decades to assessing the economic consequences of agricultural research. The biotechnology revolution (see, for example, Hueth and Just, 1986; Kalter and Tauer, 1986) may provide a further stimulus to study of the size and distribution of the benefits and costs of research. The present paper is in two parts. The first part outlines the approach used by Edwards and Freebairn [1981, 1984] to study the benefits from cost-reducing research. The approach is a simple, partial equilibrium one, but it incorporates the tradeabi1ity of commodities and the fact that research may reduce costs in the country of primary concern and/or in the rest of the world. Some results obtained with this approach are summarized, and an illustration gives estimates of the benefits to Australia and the rest of the world from research-induced cost reductions in the wheat industry. The second part of the paper contains observations on some additional issues that are relevant in assessing the economics of research for tradeable commodities. The issues are: choice of objective function in cost-benefit analysis of agricultural research; disaggregation into more than two sectors; effect of market distortions on benefits from research; property rights and trade in inputs; equity in distribution of the benefits and costs of research; and demand-shifting research and promotion. Most of these appear to be issues on which further research is appropriate.
Large N orbifold field theories on the twisted torus
Creators: name: Hoyos, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the planar equivalence of orbifold field theories on a small three-torus with twisted boundary conditions, generalizing the analysis of hep-th/0507267. The nonsupersymmetric orbifold models exhibit different large N dynamics from their supersymmetric "parent" counterparts. In particular, a moduli space of Abelian zero modes is lifted by an $O(N^2)$ potential in the "daughter" theories. We also find disagreement between the number of discrete vacua of both theories, due to fermionic zero modes in the parent theory, as well as the values of semiclassical tunneling contributions to fermionic correlation functions, induced by fractional instantons.
description: 36 pages, 6 figures; discussion about electric fluxes and vacuum angles added
Additional Supplementary Material from Potential distributions of pre-Columbian people in Tropical Andean landscapes
Creators: name: Sales, Rachel
name: McMichael, Crystal
name: Flantua, Suzette G. A.
name: Hagemans, Kimberley
name: Zondervan, Jesse R.
name: González-Arango, Catalina
name: Church, Warren
name: Bush, Mark
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 40308 Palaeontology (incl. Palynology)
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Contains a map of pre-Columbian Andean cultures, variables used in the final ensemble model, descriptions of said variables, Pearson's correlation coefficients of environmental varialbes used in the final ensemble model, a map of established Andean forest plots, response curves for the final ensemble model, and histograms of established Andean forest plots. The literature used to compile the archaeological sites used in the ensemble model is also included.
Auxiliary matrices on both sides of the equator
Creators: name: Korff, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spectra of previously constructed auxiliary matrices for the six-vertex model at roots of unity are investigated for spin-chains of even and odd length. The two cases show remarkable differences. In particular, it is shown that for even roots of unity and an odd number of sites the eigenvalues contain two linear independent solutions to Baxter's TQ-equation corresponding to the Bethe ansatz equations above and below the equator. In contrast, one finds for even spin-chains only one linear independent solution and complete strings. The other main result is the proof of a previous conjecture on the degeneracies of the six-vertex model at roots of unity. The proof rests on the derivation of a functional equation for the auxiliary matrices which is closely related to a functional equation for the eight-vertex model conjectured by Fabricius and McCoy.
description: 22 pages; 2nd version: one paragraph added in the conclusion and some typos corrected
Simulations of Core-Collapse Supernovae: Studies of Black Hole Formation and Magnetohydrodynamical Effects
Creators: name: Sykes, Bailey Matthew
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 460207
subject: Modelling and simulation
classificationCode: 510106
subject: High energy astrophysics and galactic cosmic rays

description: Supernovae, the energetic explosions signalling of the death of a massive star, are often studied with the aid of computer simulations. This thesis extends supernova simulations to include the effects of black hole formation and examines the impact of magnetic fields on the explosion itself, as well as the remnant left behind.
'Good Enough Parenting’: Social Workers’ Experiences of Assessing Parenting in Family Safeguarding Services
Creators: name: Abdullahi, Afrah
Publisher: name: UH Research Archive
Year: 2021
Subjects: social workers
child protection
family safeguarding
parenting assessments
interpretive phenomenological analysis (IPA)

description: Research examining social workers experiences of supporting and assessing parenting is limited. Despite existing research indicating there are important skills that facilitate parent and social worker relationships and acknowledging the inherent power dynamics and emotional impact of decision-making, the experience of social workers in this area of research is unknown. This qualitative study aimed to explore the experiences of social workers assessing parenting capacity in the context of family safeguarding. Five social workers from a single location family safeguarding service participated in semi-structured interviews exploring how they make sense of supporting and assessing parenting, personally and professionally. Using interpretative phenomenological analysis, three master themes were identified: 'bringing the past into the present and future identity'; 'delicate balancing act' and 'sustaining oneself in a maligned profession'. These themes reflect social workers' personal and professional impact on assessing parenting capacity in family safeguarding services. Areas of convergence and divergence between these findings and previous theory and research are discussed. Implications for social work practice, supervision and training are highlighted, including the importance of self-reflection, peer support and the value of mentorship to be incorporated throughout social workers' careers in child protection/family safeguarding services.
Evidence of vorticity and shear at large angular scales in the WMAP data: a violation of cosmological isotropy?
Creators: name: Jaffe, T. R.
name: Banday, A. J.
name: Eriksen, H. K.
name: Gorski, K. M.
name: Hansen, F. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by the large-scale asymmetry observed in the cosmic microwave background sky, we consider a specific class of anisotropic cosmological models -- Bianchi type VII_h -- and compare them to the WMAP first-year data on large angular scales. Remarkably, we find evidence of a correlation which is ruled out as a chance alignment at the 3sigma level. The best fit Bianchi model corresponds to x=0.55, Omega_0=0.5, a rotation axis in the direction (l,b)=(222degr,-62degr), shear (sigma/H)_0=2.4e-10 and a right--handed vorticity (omega/H)_0=6.1e-10. Correcting for this component greatly reduces the significance of the large-scale power asymmetry, resolves several anomalies detected on large angular scales (ie. the low quadrupole amplitude and quadrupole/octopole planarity and alignment), and can account for a non--Gaussian "cold spot" on the sky. Despite the apparent inconsistency with the best-fit parameters required in inflationary models to account for the acoustic peaks, we consider the results sufficiently provocative to merit further consideration.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures; emulateapj.cls; ApJL accepted version plus fixed error in vorticity calculation (sqrt(2) off in Table 1, abstract, and conclusions); basic conclusions unchanged
Additional file 3 of Body mass index, waist circumference, and risk of hearing loss: a meta-analysis and systematic review of observational study
Creators: name: Yang, Jin-Rong
name: Khemayanto Hidayat
name: Cai-Long Chen
name: Li, Yun-Hong
name: Xu, Jia-Ying
name: Qin, Li-Qiang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 3: Table S3. The Newcastle Ottawa scale for cross-sectional study.
The Role of the Private Sector in Transferring Hybrid Corn Technology
Creators: name: Pray, Carl E.
name: Echeverria, Ruben G.
name: Pray, Carl E.
name: Echeverria, Ruben G.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1987
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: It is widely accepted that new technology is an important source of agricultural growth. Developing countries have tried a variety of policies to accelerate the development and diffusion of new technology. These policies include: (1) government investment in agricultural research and extension, (2) tax breaks and other incentives to private companies that conduct agricultural research, and (3) incentives to transfer new technology developed outside the country. At the same time, many countries have other policies that reduce the incentive of private companies to do research or transfer technology. These include restrictions on importing technology and importing research inputs, restrictions on which companies are allowed to do research, and regulations that reduce the profitability of innovation. The opposite side of this issue is the U.S. farmer's complaint that multinational companies are transferring U.S. technology to other nations. Some farmers and their representatives argue that this transfer of technology hurts American farmers by increasing the productivity of our competitors and reducing the amount of U.S. grain demanded by importing nations. There are reports of attempts by U.S. farmers to restrict the outflow of technology by restricting seed exports. At present, the debate about these issues is hampered by the absence of empirical studies on the importance of these flows of technology or the impact of policies on these technology transfers. In practical terms, it is not clear how much technology can be transferred directly and how much has to be substantially modified before it can be used in a new country. Without such information, it is impossible to determine how important policies which impede the flow of material technology like seeds or chemicals will be or whether foreign research will make these technologies available anyway. In this paper, we have attempted to measure the impact of public sector research, the transfer of technology embodied in a product, and private sector research by multinationals on one major crop - corn. The results indicate that technology transfer through trade and private sector research by multinational seed companies play an important role in increasing agricultural productivity.
Coherence measurements on Rydberg wave packets kicked by a half-cycle pulse
Creators: name: Murray, J. M.
name: Pisharody, S. N.
name: Wen, H.
name: Bucksbaum, P. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A kick from a unipolar half-cycle pulse (HCP) can redistribute population and shift the relative phase between states in a radial Rydberg wave packet. We have measured the quantum coherence properties following the kick, and show that selected coherences can be destroyed by applying an HCP at specific times. Quantum mechanical simulations show that this is due to redistribution of the angular momentum in the presence of noise. These results have implications for the storage and retrieval of quantum information in the wave packet.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures (5 figure files)
Modelling unresolved binaries of open clusters in color-magnitude diagram. I. method and application of NGC3532
Creators: name: Li, Lu
name: Shao, Zhengyi
name: Li, Zhao-Zhou
name: Yu, Jincheng
name: Zhong, Jing
name: Chen, Li
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The binary properties of open clusters place crucial constraints on star formation theory and clusters' dynamical evolution. We develop a comprehensive approach that models the color-magnitude diagram (CMD) of the cluster members as the mixture of single stars and photometric unresolved binaries. This method enables us to infer the binary properties, including the binary fraction $f_\mathrm{b}$ and binary mass-ratio distribution index $γ_q$ when a power-law is assumed, with high accuracy and precision, which were unfeasible in conventional methods. We employ a modified Gaussian process to determine the main sequence ridge line and its scatter from the observed CMD as model input. As a first example, we apply the method to the open cluster NGC3532 with the Gaia DR2 photometry. For the cluster members within a magnitude range corresponding to FGK dwarfs, we obtain $f_\mathrm{b} = 0.267\pm0.019$ and $γ_q = - 0.10\pm0.22$ for binaries with mass ratio $q > 0.2$. The $f_\mathrm{b}$ value is consistent with the previous work on NGC3532 and smaller than that of field stars. The close to zero $γ_q$ indicates that the mass ratios of binaries follow a nearly uniform distribution. For the first time, we unveil that the stars with smaller mass or in the inner region tend to have lower $f_\mathrm{b}$ and more positive value of $γ_q$ due to the lack of low mass-ratio binaries. The clear dependences of binary properties on mass and radius are most likely caused by the internal dynamics.
description: 18 pages, 10 figures, 4 tables; accepted for publication in ApJ
Additional file 2 of Body mass index, waist circumference, and risk of hearing loss: a meta-analysis and systematic review of observational study
Creators: name: Yang, Jin-Rong
name: Khemayanto Hidayat
name: Cai-Long Chen
name: Li, Yun-Hong
name: Xu, Jia-Ying
name: Qin, Li-Qiang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2: Table S2. The Newcastle Ottawa scale for cohort study.
Coexistence of double-Q spin density wave and multi-Q pair density wave in cuprate oxide superconductors
Creators: name: Ohkawa, Fusayoshi J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spatial 4a x 4a modulations, with a the lattice constant of CuO_2 planes, or the so called checkerboards can arise from double-Q spin density wave (SDW) with Q_1 = (pm pi/a, pm 3 pi/4a) and Q_2 = (pm 3 pi/4a, pm pi/a). When multi-Q pair density wave, that is, the condensation of d gamma-wave Cooper pairs with zero total momenta, pm 2Q_1, pm 2Q_2, pm 4Q_1, pm 4Q_2, and so on is induced by the SDW, gaps can have fine structures similar to those of the so called zero-temperature pseudogaps.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
The effect of oral hygiene education of care-aides combined with periodontal debridement on the gingival health of institutionalized elders
Creators: name: Altani, Alnar A.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Objective: This randomized controlled trial tested the effectiveness of educational programs for care-aides combined with periodontal debridement of institutionalized elders on the gingival health of the elders. Methods: the UBC Gingival Bleeding Index (UBC GBl) was calculated following an oral examination by a dental hygienist of 113 elderly residents of 14 long-term care facilities. Care-aides in one randomly selected group of seven facilities received instruction and continuous guidance on oral hygiene care from a nurse-supporter in each facility, while the careaides in the other group received similar instruction from a dental hygienist visiting each facility on one occasion without involving a nurse-supporter. The two groups were then randomly assigned to a "treatment" group who received full periodontal debridement, or a "non-treatment" group who did not receive periodontal debridement. Results: No significant difference in the mean UBC GBl of the four groups at baseline and 3-months was found, but gingival bleeding following periodontal debridement in the nurse-supported/treatment group (UBC GBI=23) was significantly lower than in the nurse-supported/non-treatment group (UBC GBI=58, t=3.488, p=0.002), the Care-aide/treatment group (UBC GBI-47, t= 2.274, p=0.031) or the Care-aide/non-treatment group (UBC GBI=76, t=6.547, p=0.000). Conclusions: The gingival health of institutionalized elders can benefit from an oral hygiene nurse-supported educational program offered to care-aides combined with periodontal debridement.
Economic Evaluation of Forestry Research: Synthesis and Methodology
Creators: name: Seldon, Barry J.
name: Seldon, Barry J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1987
Subjects: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: Interest in the economic impacts of research and development (R&D) among forest economists is of relatively recent vintage when compared with the long history of such inquiries in agricultural economics. In contrast to the literature in agricultural economics, which can be traced to the seminal works of Schultz (1953) and Griliches (1958), such work in forest economics was not of widespread interest until 1979 when the USDA Forest Service responded to the Forest and Rangeland Renewable Resources Planning Act of 1974 by initiating an examination of policy concerning public support for R&D (Callaham, 1981). In 1980 the Forest Service began a national program to develop methods for the economic evaluation of R&D in forest product technologies under the initial direction of Allen Lundgren at the North Central Forest Experiment Station. The research program established by the North Central Forest Experiment Station had five broad components ranging from the identification of the users of forestry research evaluation and their needs to the development of methods for evaluating that research (Lundgren, 1983). The bulk of the work which has been completed may be classified, following Bengston (1986), as impact evaluations and process evaluations. Impact evaluations examine effects of R&D on the economy, and are represented by estimates of the increase of producer and consumer surplus due to R&D, estimates of the marginal productivity of R&D expenditures, and studies of the effect of R&D on employment, income and income distribution, the balance of trade, the environment, and market structure. Process evaluations examine the research process itself within the economic organization in order to determine how decisions are made and R&D is carried out. Such studies focus on how the agency or firm selects, plans, monitors, and evaluates projects. The goal of this kind of evaluation is to improve the research decision-making. A broad overview of many of the impact and process evaluation studies in forestry may be found in Bengston (1986). This paper concentrates instead of two types of impact evaluation approaches which have been adopted and modified for forestry R&D evaluation from agricultural economics. Results of such studies in forest economics are presented in the next section. Following that section, methodologies are discussed. While the theoretical underpinnings of these methodologies are well known to agricultural economists, details differ to a lesser or greater extent in the forestry studies, and may be of interest. The methodology developed in Seldon (1987) and Seldon and Newman (1987) is described in detail.
Variable Radio AGN at High Redshift Identified in the VLA Sky Survey
Creators: name: Nyland, Kristina
name: Dong, Dillon
name: Patil, Pallavi
name: Lacy, Mark
name: Kimball, Amy
name: Hallinan, Gregg
name: Sarbadhicary, Sumit
name: Polisensky, Emil
name: Kassim, Namir
name: Peters, Wendy
name: Clarke, Tracy
name: Mukherjee, Dipanjan
name: van Velzen, Sjoert
name: Baldassare, Vivienne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As part of an on-going study of radio transients in Epoch 1 (2017-2019) of the Very Large Array Sky Survey (VLASS), we have discovered a sample of 0.2
description: IAU Symposium No. 359 Proceedings: Galaxy evolution and feedback across different environments
Theory of edge states based on the hermiticity of tight-binding Hamiltonian operators
Creators: name: Fukui, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a theory of edge states based on the Hermiticity of Hamiltonian operators for tight-binding models defined on lattices with boundaries. We describe Hamiltonians using shift operators which serve as differential operators in continuum theories. It turns out that such Hamiltonian operators are not necessarily Hermitian on lattices with boundaries, which is due to the boundary terms associated with the summation by parts. The Hermiticity of Hamiltonian operators leads to natural boundary conditions, and for models with nearest-neighbor (NN) hoppings only, there are reference states that satisfy the Hermiticity and boundary conditions simultaneously. Based on such reference states, we develop a Bloch-type theory for edge states of NN models on a half-plane. This enables us to extract Hamiltonians describing edge-states at one end, which are separated from the bulk contributions. It follows that we can describe edge states at the left and right ends separately by distinct Hamiltonians for systems of cylindrical geometry. We show various examples of such edge state Hamiltonians (ESHs), including Hofstadter model, graphene model, and higher-order topological insulators (HOTIs).
description: 24.1 pages, 24 figures, v2: references added, Sec. VII B 3 added, v3: references added, typos corrected
Photometric Observations of the Type Ia SN 2002er in UGC 10743
Creators: name: Pignata, G.
name: Patat, F.
name: Benetti, S.
name: Blinnikov, S.
name: Hillebrandt, W.
name: Kotak, R.
name: Leibundgut, B.
name: Mazzali, P. A.
name: Meikle, P.
name: Qiu, Y.
name: Ruiz-Lapuente, P.
name: Smartt, S.
name: Sorokina, E.
name: Stritzinger, M.
name: Stehle, M.
name: Turatto, M.
name: Marsh, T.
name: Martin-Luis, F.
name: McBride, N.
name: Mendez, J.
name: Morales-Rueda, L.
name: Narbutis, D.
name: Street, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Extensive light and colour curves for the Type Ia supernova SN 2002er are presented as part of the European Supernova Collaboration. We have collected UBVRI photometry from ten different telescopes covering the phases from 7 days before until 619 days after maximum light. Corrections for the different instrumental systems and the non-thermal spectrum of the supernova (S-corrections) have been applied. With the densely sampled light curves we can make detailed comparisons to other well-observed objects. SN 2002er most closely resembles SN 1996X after maximum, but clearly shows a different colour evolution before peak light and a stronger shoulder in V and R bands compared to other well-observed SNe Ia. In particular, the rise time appears to be longer than what is expected from rise-time vs.decline-rate relation. We use several methods to determine the reddening towards SN 2002er based on the colour evolution at near peak and at late phases. The uvoir (bolometric) light curve shows great similarity with SN 1996X, but also indications of a higher luminosity, longer rise time and a more pronounced shoulder 25 days past maximum. The interpretation of the light curves was done with two independent light curve codes. Both find that given the luminosity of SN 2002er the 56Ni mass exceeds 0.6 Msun with prefered values near 0.7 Msun. Uncertainties in the exact distance to SN 2002er are the most serious limitation of this measurement. The light curve modelling also indicates a high level of mixing of the nickel in the explosion of SN 2002er.
description: 15 pages, 8 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Additional file 1 of Body mass index, waist circumference, and risk of hearing loss: a meta-analysis and systematic review of observational study
Creators: name: Yang, Jin-Rong
name: Khemayanto Hidayat
name: Cai-Long Chen
name: Li, Yun-Hong
name: Xu, Jia-Ying
name: Qin, Li-Qiang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Characteristics of the included studies.
Inflammatory cells in human diaphragm injury
Creators: name: Sharma, Anju
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: It has been postulated that exertion-induced diaphragm injury occurs due to overload during acute and chronic respiratory diseases. The presence of inflammatory cells in the injured diaphragm has been well documented in animals but not in humans. Purpose: To relate the number of inflammatory cells in the human diaphragm to 1. clinical factors 2. area fraction of abnormal diaphragm (A[sub A]) 3. fiber cross-sectional area (CSA). Methods: Biopsies from 59 postmortem subjects (20 F, 39 M) were examined. Subjects were divided into four groups: acute respiratory disease (ARD), chronic respiratory disease (CRD), ARD+CRD and no respiratory disease. Fullthickness biopsies collected from the lateral costal region of the diaphragm were formalin fixed, paraffin embedded, sectioned at 5 um and stained with H & E . Alkaline phosphatase-anti-alkaline phosphatase (APAAP) staining with antibodies directed to CD68 (macrophages), CD20 (B-cells), CD8 (T-lymphocytes) and neutrophil elastase (NP57 antibody) was done. Images of 20 randomly selected fields/biopsy were captured by a SPOT digital camera and inflammatory cells were counted in captured images. H & E images were point-counted to determine the A[sub A] and the CSA of 200 fibers/biopsy. A retrospective chart review was done to determine the age, gender, BMI and presence/absence of respiratory disease. Data were analyzed using non-parametric statistics. Results: Macrophages (97.5% of total inflammatory cells) and neutrophils (2.4% of total inflammatory cells) were common inflammatory cells found in the diaphragm of postmortem subjects. B-cells were rare (0.1% of total inflammatory cells) and no T-lymphocytes were detected. There was a positive low correlation between BMI and inflammatory cells (r=0.286, p=0.049). The number of the different types of inflammatory cells in the diaphragm did not differ between genders. Age was not correlated to the number of inflammatory cells in the diaphragm. Lastly, neutrophils, macrophages and neutrophils + macrophages were not correlated to A[sub A] . Conclusion: Inflammatory cells are present in the diaphragm of people with or without respiratory disease. Macrophages and neutrophils have a more important role to play in diaphragm injury and repair in people with/without respiratory disease, than T-lymphocytes and B-cells. This study also shows that overweight people have more inflammatory cells in their diaphragm.
Exogenous Shocks Lead to Increased Responsiveness and Shifts in Sentimental Resilience in Online Discussions
Creators: name: Gunaratne, Chathika
name: Ray, Subash K.
name: Alves, Caroline Lourenco
name: Waldl, Maria
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The effects of real-world events on the dynamics and sentiment expressed through online conversations is not entirely understood. In particular, the dynamics of highly polarized communities, deeply invested in the outcome of a particular event naturally tend to have a contrasting emotional sensitivity to exogenous events. In this study, we analyze Twitter conversations during the Mexico vs Germany group match of the 2018 FIFA World Cup, and investigate the effect of the live game outcomes on the conversation dynamics and sentiment. We find that the exogenous events influence conversation volume and virality less, while having high influence on user responsiveness. Interestingly, we observe a shift in the influence that exogenous events have on fans immediately following the only goal scored in the game. The emotional resilience of fans of the advantaged team increased following this exogenous shock. In contrast, the sentiment of the disadvantaged team was left more susceptible to further exogenous events following the exogenous shock. These results support the fact that user engagement and emotional resilience of an online population holding highly polarized stances can be manipulated through an exogenous event of high importance.
Superconformal Chern-Simons Theories
Creators: name: Schwarz, John H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the possibilities for constructing Lagrangian descriptions of three-dimensional superconformal classical gauge theories that contain a Chern-Simons term, but no kinetic term, for the gauge fields. Classes of such theories with N = 1 and N = 2 supersymmetry are found. However, interacting theories of this type with N = 8 supersymmetry do not exist.
description: 14 pages; v2: References added
Tomography of zero-energy end modes in topological superconducting wires
Creators: name: Aligia, Armando A.
name: Daroca, Diego Pérez
name: Arrachea, Liliana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We characterize the Majorana zero modes in topological hybrid superconductor-semiconductor wires with spin-orbit coupling and magnetic field, in terms of generalized Bloch coordinates $φ, θ, δ$, and analyze their transformation under SU(2) rotations. We show that, when the spin-orbit coupling and the magnetic field are perpendicular, $φ$ and $δ$ are universal in an appropriate coordinate system. We use these geometric properties to explain the behavior of the Josephson current in junctions of two wires with different orientations of the magnetic field and/or the spin-orbit coupling. We show how to extract from there, the angle $θ$, hence providing a full description of the Majorana modes.
description: main 5 pages (without references) and 3 figures, a supplemental material of 8 pages and 2 figures. Accepted version
Exact results for noise power spectra in linear biochemical reaction networks
Creators: name: Warren, Patrick B.
name: Tanase-Nicola, Sorin
name: Wolde, Pieter Rein ten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Subcellular Processes (q-bio.SC)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a simple method for determining the exact noise power spectra in linear chemical reaction networks. We apply the method to networks which are representative of biochemical processes such as gene expression and signal detection. Our results clarify how noise is transmitted by signal detection motifs, and indicate how to coarse-grain networks by the elimination of fast reactions.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures, RevTeX 4
Multi-level quantum Diesel engine of non-interacting fermions in a one-dimensional box
Creators: name: Singh, Satnam
name: Ram, Shish
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the toy model of quantum Diesel cycle without temperature constructed from non-interacting fermions, which are trapped in a one-dimensional box. The work and energy are extracted from the cycle are by changing the expectation value of Hamiltonian. We analytically calculated the efficiency of the cycle and efficiency at maximum work as a function of compression ratio. We found that the efficiency of the engine depends on both compression ratio and cut-off ratio. In contrast, the efficiency at the maximum work can be written as a function of the compression ratio only. Moreover, we calculate the Clausius relation of the cycle. The degree of the irreversibility of the cycle depends only on the cut-off ratio. We also study the relation between power and efficiency of the cycle. The power output is also studied as the function of the compression ratio. It is found that for a given value of the cutoff ratio, the dimensionless power output decreases as the compression ratio increases.
Dynamics of the Flows Accreting onto a Magnetized Neutron Star
Creators: name: Bykov, A. M.
name: Krassilchtchikov, A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Non-stationary column accretion onto a surface of a magnetized neutron star is studied with a numerical code based on modified first-order Godunov method with splitting. Formation and evolution of shocks in the column is modeled for accretion rates ranging from 10^{15} g/s to 10^{16} g/s and surface magnetic fields ranging from 5*10^{11} G to 10^{13} G. Non-stationary solutions with plasma deceleration at collisionless oscillating shocks are found. The kinetic energy of the accreting flow efficiently transforms into a cyclotron radiation field. Collisionless stopping of the flow allows a substantial part of accreting CNO nuclei to avoid spallation and reach the surface. The nuclei survival fraction depends on the surface magnetic field, being higher at lower magnetic fields.
description: 22 pages, 8 figures
Additional file 1 of Chronic drug treatment among hemodialysis patients: a qualitative study of patients, nursing and medical staff attitudes and approaches
Creators: name: Gilad, Lee
name: Haviv, Yosef S.
name: Cohen-Glickman, Inbal
name: Chinitz, David
name: Cohen, Matan J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Science Policy
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1. Patient interview.
Determinants of credit rationing: a study of informal lenders and formal credit groups in Madagascar
Creators: name: Zeller, Manfred
name: Zeller, Manfred
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1994
Subjects: Financial Economics

description: Previous research on the determinants of credit rationing exclusively focused on the behavior of formal lenders who contract directly with an individual borrower. Based on a household survey in Madagascar, this paper presents an analysis of credit rationing behavior by informal lenders and by members of community-based groups that allocate formal group loans among themselves. The results show that group members obtain and use locally available information about the applicant's creditworthiness in much the same way that informal lenders do. This paper therefore empirically confirms theoretical arguments made that community-based groups have an information advantage over distant formal bank agents.