cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Classifying globular clusters and applying them to estimate the mass of the Milky Way
Creators: name: Sun, GuangChen
name: Wang, Yougang
name: Liu, Chao
name: Long, Richard J.
name: Chen, Xuelei
name: Gao, Qi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We combine the kinematics of 159 globular clusters (GCs) provided by the Gaia Early Data Release 3 (EDR3) with other observational data to classify the GCs, and to estimate the mass of the Milky Way (MW). We use the age-metallicity relation, integrals of motion, action space and the GC orbits to identify the GCs as either formed in-situ (Bulge and Disk) or ex situ (via accretion). We find that $45.3\%$ have formed in situ, $38.4\%$ may be related to known merger events: Gaia-Sausage-Enceladus, the Sagittarius dwarf galaxy, the Helmi streams, the Sequoia galaxy, and the Kraken galaxy. We also further identify three new sub-structures associated with the Gaia-Sausage-Enceladus. The remaining $16.3\%$ of GCs are unrelated to the known mergers and thought to be from small accretion events. We select 46 GCs which have radii $8.0
description: 32 pages, 11 figures, Accepted to RAA
Methodology for Integrated Network Planning in Europe
Creators: name: Brandstätt, Christine
name: Göke, Leonard
name: Llorca, Manuel
name: Lüth, Alexandra
name: Weibezahn, Jens
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: The scenario building and energy system modelling are at the core of the TYNDP process. The main outcomes regarding infrastructure gaps and cost-benefit evaluation, as well as the usability and acceptance by the manifold stakeholders rely heavily on a suitable design of these features. The recast of the TEN-E regulation has strengthened the mission to reflect energy systems integration and the Energy Efficiency First principle adequately and ambitiously in this process.
 In view of these challenges, the TYNDP methodology is set to advance along with the state of knowledge on scenario building and energy system modelling. This document presents the STEERS methodology for improving the network planning process. We present a set of building blocks to enhance streamlined European energy infrastructure development. These are based on academic literature on scenario development and state-of-the art energy system modelling.
description: Funded by the European Union via the STEERS project.
Using an acousto-optic modulator as a fast spatial light modulator
Creators: name: Liu, Xialin
name: Braverman, Boris
name: Boyd, Robert W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High-speed spatial light modulators (SLM) are crucial components for free-space communication and structured illumination imaging. Current approaches for dynamical spatial mode generation, such as liquid crystal SLMs or digital micromirror devices, are limited to a maximum pattern refresh rate of 10 kHz and have a low damage threshold. We demonstrate that arbitrary spatial profiles in a laser pulse can be generated by mapping the temporal radio-frequency (RF) waveform sent to an acousto-optic modulator (AOM) onto the optical field. We find that the fidelity of the SLM performance can be improved through numerical optimization of the RF waveform to overcome the nonlinear effect of AOM. An AOM can thus be used as a 1-dimensional SLM, a technique we call acousto-optic spatial light modulator (AO-SLM), which has 50 um pixel pitch, over 1 MHz update rate, and high damage threshold. We simulate the application of AO-SLM to single-pixel imaging, which can reconstruct a 32x32 pixel complex object at a rate of 11.6 kHz with 98% fidelity.
description: 14 pages, 14 figures
Manifestly $SL(2,R)$ Duality-Symmetric Forms in ModMax Theory
Creators: name: Babaei-Aghbolagh, H.
name: Velni, Komeil Babaei
name: Yekta, Davood Mahdavian
name: Mohammadzadeh, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we will investigate a manifestly $SL(2,R)$-invariant structure for the energy-momentum tensor of ModMax theory as a nonlinear modification of Maxwell electrodynamics which includes conformal invariance as well. In the context of this theory, we show that the energy-momentum tensor of the generalized Born-Infeld theory can also be written in the same invariant form. We will find manifestly self-dual invariant actions corresponding to the invariant couplings $λ$ and $γ$ in these theories. It can be shown that the resultant actions correspond to the irrelevant and marginal $T\bar{T}$-like deformations, respectively.
description: 15 pages, no figures,
Ab initio GW plus cumulant calculation for isolated band system: Application to organic conductor (TMTSF)2PF6 and transition-metal oxide SrVO3
Creators: name: Nakamura, Kazuma
name: Nohara, Yoshiro
name: Yoshimoto, Yoshihide
name: Nomura, Yusuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present ab initio GW plus cumulant-expansion calculations for an organic compound (TMTSF)2PF6 and a transition-metal oxide SrVO3. These materials exhibit characteristic low-energy band structures around the Fermi level, which bring about interesting low-energy properties; the low-energy bands near the Fermi level are isolated from the other bands and, in the isolated bands, unusually low-energy plasmon excitations occur. To study the effect of this low-energy-plasmon fluctuation on the electronic structure, we calculate spectral functions and photoemission spectra using the ab initio cumulant expansion of the Green's function based on the GW self-energy. We found that the low-energy plasmon fluctuation leads to an appreciable renormalization of the low-energy bands and a transfer of the spectral weight into the incoherent part, thus resulting in an agreement with experimental photoemission data.
description: 14 pages, 8 figures, 1 table
The Porta Festival, 1967-1969: Tramping and the Forging of a Czechoslovak Wilderness
Creators: name: Kneller, Rosavera
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Graduate School
Year: 2014

description: This thesis aims to depict and explain the multi-faceted nature of "tramping," the remarkable social movement that has been a persistent influence on the Czech and Slovak cultural landscape and a lasting part of the Czech national imaginary since the interwar period. In order to do so I focus on one particularly significant moment in the history of this movement, namely the Porta festivals of 1967-1969, which encapsulate what I take to the central features of a movement that is not reducible to cold war categories, simple historicizing or a consistent collective narrative. I argue that the historical self-consciousness of the Porta festivals builds on the earlier models rather than simply reemerging, and that it does so through the reenactments and reembodiments of wildernesses and community that are new each time, often in tension, but always fundamentally moving through an imagined wilderness, intentionally lost in time.
Lie algebraic Carroll/Galilei duality
Creators: name: Figueroa-O'Farrill, José
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 53Z05, 17B81

description: We characterise Lie groups with bi-invariant bargmannian, galilean or carrollian structures. Localising at the identity, we show that Lie algebras with ad-invariant bargmannian, carrollian or galilean structures are actually determined by the same data: a metric Lie algebra with a skew-symmetric derivation. This is the same data defining a one-dimensional double extension of the metric Lie algebra and, indeed, bargmannian Lie algebras coincide with such double extensions, containing carrollian Lie algebras as an ideal and projecting to galilean Lie algebras. This sets up a canonical correspondence between carrollian and galilean Lie algebras mediated by bargmannian Lie algebras. This reformulation allows us to use the structure theory of metric Lie algebras to give a list of bargmannian, carrollian and galilean Lie algebras in the positive-semidefinite case. We also characterise Lie groups admitting a bi-invariant (ambient) leibnizian structure. Leibnizian Lie algebras extend the class of bargmannian Lie algebras and also set up a non-canonical correspondence between carrollian and galilean Lie algebras.
description: 15 pages
Draft Methodology for Integrated Network Planning in Europe
Creators: name: Brandstätt, Christine
name: Göke, Leonard
name: Llorca, Manuel
name: Lüth, Alexandra
name: Weibezahn, Jens
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: The scenario building and energy system modelling are at the core of the TYNDP process. The main outcomes regarding infrastructure gaps and cost-benefit evaluation, as well as the usability and acceptance by the manifold stakeholders rely heavily on a suitable design of these features. The recast of the TEN-E regulation has strengthened the mission to reflect energy systems integration and the Energy Efficiency First principle adequately and ambitiously in this process.
 In view of these challenges, the TYNDP methodology is set to advance along with the state of knowledge on scenario building and energy system modelling. This document presents a draft methodology for improving the network planning process. We present a set of building blocks to enhance streamlined European energy infrastructure development. These are based on academic literature on scenario development and state-of-the art energy system modelling.
description: Funded by the European Union via the STEERS project.
Phase stability of Fe from first-principles: atomistic spin dynamics coupled with ab initio molecular dynamics simulations and thermodynamic integration
Creators: name: Gambino, Davide
name: Klarbring, Johan
name: Alling, Björn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The calculation of free energies from first principles in materials is a formidable task which enables the prediction of phase stability with high accuracy; these calculations are complicated in magnetic materials by the interplay of electronic, magnetic, and vibrational degrees of freedom. In this work, we show the feasibility and accuracy of the calculation of phase stability in magnetic systems with ab initio methods and thermodynamic integration by sampling the magnetic and vibrational phase space with coupled atomistic spin dynamics-ab initio molecular dynamics (ASD-AIMD) simulations [Stockem et al., PRL 121, 125902 (2018)], where energies and interatomic forces are calculated with density functional theory (DFT). We employ the method to calculate the phase stability of Fe at ambient pressure from 800 K up to 1800 K. The Gibbs free energy difference between fcc and bcc Fe at zero pressure as a function of temperature is calculated carrying out thermodynamic integration over temperature on the energies at the DFT level from ASD-AIMD, using a reference free energy difference calculated in the paramagnetic state at temperatures much higher than the magnetic transition temperatures with thermodynamic integration over stress-strain variables with disordered local moment (DLM)-AIMD simulations. We show the importance of the magnetic ordering temperature of bcc Fe on the $α$ to $γ$ structural transition temperature, whereas the $γ$ to $δ$ transition is well reproduced independently of the exchange interactions. The Gibbs free energy difference between the two structures is within 5 meV/atom from the CALPHAD estimate, and both transition temperatures are reproduced within 150 K. The present work paves the way to free energy calculations in magnetic materials from first principles with accuracy in the order of 1 meV/atom.
Vers un campus novel franco-ontarien : suivi de Sur une clôture
Creators: name: Chayer, Martin
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2017
Subjects: campus novel
franco-ontarien

description: Cette thèse en création est consacrée au campus novel (qu’on pourrait traduire par «roman universitaire»). Son premier volet explore la nature et la portée de ce sous-genre romanesque issu des littératures britannique et américaine. Le deuxième, les fragments romanesques Sur une clôture, constituent un court campus novel franco-ontarien, fondé sur l’expérience d’un bachelier en lettres françaises à l’Université d’Ottawa. Un retour réflexif englobant les lectures de corpus et théoriques, et le processus de création lui-même, conclut le tout. L’ensemble de la démarche s’inspire largement du roman This Side of Paradise (1920) de F. Scott Fitzgerald, et donc cette thèse présente en quelque sorte un effort de réécriture accompagné de notions théoriques et critiques. Sur une clôture, tout comme This Side of Paradise, se présente à la fois comme une fiction librement inspirée de l’expérience personnelle de son auteur et comme un commentaire social et une satire du système d’éducation, au temps présent. À cet effet, l’esthétique comme le sujet de Fitzgerald (mais aussi ceux d’extraits de plusieurs autres romans universitaires) sont repris, voire pastichés, et sont ensuite étudiés dans la rétroaction de cette thèse. Il en résulte un aperçu de la réalité contemporaine, subjective quant à son auteur, notamment du bilinguisme en Ontario, de la culture franco-ontarienne, et du sentiment (ou ressentiment) de la génération des Millénaires.
Dynamics and Mass Balance of Penny Ice Cap, Baffin Island, Nunavut, In a Changing Climate
Creators: name: Schaffer, Nicole
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2017
Subjects: Ice Cap
Arctic
Mass Balance
Velocity

description: This thesis presents a detailed study of recent changes in the mass balance and dynamics of Penny Ice Cap (PIC), and projects its evolution under a warming climate. Mass losses from 2005-2014 were quantified from airborne altimetry elevation change measurements, and adjusted for vertical ice motion caused by firn compaction and/or ice dynamics. Mass loss from PIC increased four-fold between the mid-1990s (-1.3 ± 0.7 Gt a-1) and 2005-2013 (-5.4 ± 1.9 Gt a-1). The adjustment calculations indicate that mass loss may be overestimated by 19% if vertical motion is not properly accounted for. The velocity response to increased surface melt was quantified using satellite imagery and historical ground measurements from Highway Glacier, on the southern part of PIC. Over the period 1985-2011, the six largest outlet glaciers on the ice cap decelerated at an average rate of 21 m a-1 over the 26 year period (0.81 m a-1), or 12% decade-1. Highway Glacier decelerated by 71% between 1953 and 2009/11. The recent slowdown of outlet glaciers has coincided with increases in mass loss and an inferred reduction in basal sliding. The ice-cap-wide mass balance was modeled from 1958 to 2099 with an enhanced temperature index model. Since the mid-1990s mass balance rates over PIC have become increasingly negative. Peak mass loss is projected to occur in the late 2070s and PIC is expected to lose 16-20% of its 2014 ice volume by 2099 assuming a moderate climate warming scenario (RCP4.5). If a +2°C offset is applied to this scenario, the ice cap is expected to lose 30-40% of its initial ice volume by 2099. These results provide the first comprehensive evaluation of the impact of vertical ice motion on mass loss derived from geodetic measurements over a large Arctic ice cap. The ice velocity record provides insights into the relationship between surface melt rates and glacier motion over the past 30-60 years. This study projects the mass change of the largest ice cap in the southern Canadian Arctic to 2099, calibrated and validated with a wealth of spatially distributed data for the first time.
Impact of the 2022 OSTP Memo: A Bibliometric Analysis of U.S. Federally Funded Publications, 2017-2021
Creators: name: Schares, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: On August 25, 2022, the White House Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) released a memo regarding public access to scientific research. Signed by Director Alondra Nelson, this updated guidance eliminated the 12-month embargo period on publications arising from U.S. federal funding that had been allowed from a previous 2013 OSTP memo. While reactions to this updated federal guidance have been plentiful, to date there has not been a detailed analysis of the publications which would fall under this new framework. The OSTP released a companion report along with the memo, but it only provided a broad estimate of total numbers affected per year. Therefore, this study seeks to more deeply investigate the characteristics of U.S. federally funded research over a 5-year period from 2017-2021 to better understand the updated guidance's impact. It uses a manually created custom filter in the Dimensions database to return only publications that arise from U.S. federal funding. Results show that an average of 265,000 articles were published each year that acknowledge U.S. federal funding agencies, and these research outputs are further examined by publisher, journal title, institutions, and Open Access status. Interactive versions of the graphs are available online at https://ostp.lib.iastate.edu/.
description: 30 pages, including Appendix. 11 figures, 6 tables. Accepted for publication in Quantitative Science Studies
TOI-1075 b: A Dense, Massive, Ultra-Short Period Hot Super-Earth Straddling the Radius Gap
Creators: name: Essack, Zahra
name: Shporer, Avi
name: Burt, Jennifer A.
name: Seager, Sara
name: Cambioni, Saverio
name: Lin, Zifan
name: Collins, Karen A.
name: Mamajek, Eric E.
name: Stassun, Keivan G.
name: Ricker, George R.
name: Vanderspek, Roland
name: Latham, David W.
name: Winn, Joshua N.
name: Jenkins, Jon M.
name: Butler, R. Paul
name: Charbonneau, David
name: Collins, Kevin I.
name: Crane, Jeffrey D.
name: Gan, Tianjun
name: Hellier, Coel
name: Howell, Steve B.
name: Irwin, Jonathan
name: Mann, Andrew W.
name: Ramadhan, Ali
name: Shectman, Stephen A.
name: Teske, Johanna K.
name: Yee, Samuel W.
name: Mireles, Ismael
name: Quintana, Elisa V.
name: Tenenbaum, Peter
name: Torres, Guillermo
name: Furlan, Elise
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Populating the exoplanet mass-radius diagram in order to identify the underlying relationship that governs planet composition is driving an interdisciplinary effort within the exoplanet community. The discovery of hot super-Earths - a high temperature, short-period subset of the super-Earth planet population - has presented many unresolved questions concerning the formation, evolution, and composition of rocky planets. We report the discovery of a transiting, ultra-short period hot super-Earth orbiting TOI-1075 (TIC 351601843), a nearby ($d$ = 61.4 pc) late K-/early M-dwarf star, using data from the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS). The newly discovered planet has a radius of $1.791^{+0.116}_{-0.081}$ $R_{\oplus}$, and an orbital period of 0.605 days (14.5 hours). We precisely measure the planet mass to be $9.95^{+1.36}_{-1.30}$ $M_{\oplus}$ using radial velocity measurements obtained with the Planet Finder Spectrograph (PFS), mounted on the Magellan II telescope. Our radial velocity data also show a long-term trend, suggesting an additional planet in the system. While TOI-1075 b is expected to have a substantial H/He atmosphere given its size relative to the radius gap, its high density ($9.32^{+2.05}_{-1.85}$ $\rm{g/cm^3}$) is likely inconsistent with this possibility. We explore TOI-1075 b's location relative to the M-dwarf radius valley, evaluate the planet's prospects for atmospheric characterization, and discuss potential planet formation mechanisms. Studying the TOI-1075 system in the broader context of ultra-short period planetary systems is necessary for testing planet formation and evolution theories, density enhancing mechanisms, and for future atmospheric and surface characterization studies via emission spectroscopy with JWST.
description: 24 pages, 9 figures, 6 tables. Accepted for publication in The Astronomical Journal
Terrorists or Troublemakers? Regime Survival and Inflating the al-Qaeda Threat
Creators: name: Loidolt, Bryce
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Year: 2013

description: Literature discussing counterterrorism, and, more broadly, military assistance, argues that this aid is unconditionally helpful to recipient states. Yet, in this paper I contend that military assistance puts recipients in a dilemma. Whereas literature has established that donors are constrained in their ability to punish recipients who refuse to comply with their foreign policy objectives, I argue that recipients must strike a balance between complying with the donor's policy objectives and insulating themselves from domestic opposition. This paper focuses on how this dynamic is reﬂected in the recipient's willingness to employ public diplomacy to attract counterterrorism assistance. I argue that while public diplomacy can signal compliance with international donor objectives, it can also signal to domestic audiences that the incumbent may be weak and not responsive to its constituents. Through a mixed-methods research design that includes quantitative and qualitative analyses of Arabic and English language data from the Yemeni Arab Republic, I ﬁnd some support for the argument that recipients are limited in their willingness to attract military assistance through public diplomacy by the activity of domestic opposition groups. Greater attention to the recipients' domestic level calculations and dilemmas may thus be warranted in the foreign aid literature.
A Catalyst for Change? A Systems Analysis of the New Admissibility Test Developed in R v. Hart [2014]
Creators: name: Bateman, Jordan
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2017
Subjects: Mr. Big Sting
Undercover Operations
General Systems Theory
Content Analysis
R v. Hart
Admissibility Test
Unreliable Confessions

description: Past research has highlighted various problematic issues related to the use of the RCMP undercover operation entitled the “Mr. Big” sting. In a landmark decision, R v. Hart [2014], the Supreme Court of Canada recognized many problems with it and implemented a new admissibility test that would render confessions obtained by the undercover operation presumptively inadmissible. This research project explores the impact that this new evidentiary rule has had on cases involving “Mr. Big” confession evidence since the Hart decision (2014 to 2016). A content analysis was conducted on 16 cases that applied the new admissibility test. The case analysis revealed several important findings from cases that have applied the new admissibility test following Hart. In order to situate these findings, General Systems Theory was used to illustrate the impact that the court’s interpretation of the new evidentiary rule could have on the different components of the criminal justice system. It will be important for future research to further examine the impact of the new admissibility test in order to enhance our understanding of the influence it has had on cases involving “Mr. Big” sting confession evidence.
The effect of winds on atmospheric layers of red supergiants I. Modelling for interferometric observations
Creators: name: González-Torà, G.
name: Wittkowski, M.
name: Davies, B.
name: Plez, B.
name: Kravchenko, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Red supergiants (RSGs) are evolved massive stars in a stage preceding core-collapse supernova. The physical processes that trigger mass loss in their atmospheres are still not fully understood. Based on observations of $α$ Ori, a new semi-empirical method to add a wind to hydrostatic model atmospheres of RSGs was recently developed. We use this method of adding a wind to a MARCS model atmosphere to compute synthetic observables, comparing the model to spatially resolved interferometric observations. We present a case study to model published data of HD 95687 and V602 Car obtained with VLTI/AMBER. We compute model intensities, spectra and visibilities for different mass-loss rates using the radiative transfer code Turbospectrum. The models are convolved to match the different spectral resolutions of the VLTI instruments, studying a wavelength range of $1.8-5\,\mathrm{μm}$ corresponding to the $K$, $L$ and $M$-bands for GRAVITY and MATISSE data. We compare the model spectra and visibilities with the published VLTI/AMBER data. The synthetic visibilities reproduce observed drops in the CO, SiO, and water layers that are not shown in visibilities based on MARCS models alone. For the case studies, we find that adding a wind to MARCS with simple radiative equilibrium dramatically improves the agreement with the visibilities and the spectra. Our results reproduce observed extended atmospheres up to several stellar radii. This paper shows the potential of our model to describe extended atmospheres in RSGs: it can reproduce the shapes of the spectra and visibilities with better accuracy in the CO and water lines than previous models. The method can be extended to other wavelength bands for both spectroscopic and interferometric data. We provide temperature and density stratifications that succeed for the first time in reproducing observed interferometric properties of RSG atmospheres.
description: 13 pages, 14 figures. Accepted for publication at A&A
title: COVID-19 and people with profound and multiple learning disabilities: What did people tell us at Wave 4 (September to December 2022) (accepted)
Creators: name: Bradshaw, J.
name: Hatton, C
name: Caton, S.
Publisher: name: University of Kent
Year: 2023

description: Our Coronavirus and People with Learning Disabilities Study has been collecting data from people with learning disabilities and family carers/support workers since 2020. The team wanted to make sure that the experiences of people with learning disabilities were visible during the pandemic. We have been collecting data from people with learning disabilities who were able to take part in an interview (cohort 1) and from family carers and support workers for people unable to take part in an interview themselves (cohort 2). Cohort 2 included people with Profound and Multiple Learning Disabilities. Family carers, support workers and organisations who work to support people with Profound and Multiple Learning Disabilities, including PMLD Link, have worked with us to help us to ask the right questions. The research has focused on three key areas: What are the wellbeing, health, and social effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, including social restrictions and changes to how people are supported, on the lives of adults with learning disabilities across the UK over time? What actionable factors are associated with better outcomes for different groups of people with learning disabilities? What urgent issues concerning people with learning disabilities are emerging over time? This article is a summary of the information about People with Profound and Multiple Learning Disabilities. The data on which this article is based was collected between September and December 2022, Wave 4. You can read the full reports here: coronavirus_and_people_with_learning_disabilities_study_wave_4_full_report_final.pdf (warwick.ac.uk).
description: Author's Accepted Manuscript
Area-wide traffic management: An innovative strategy for urban centres
Creators: name: Davidson, Gavin
name: Roseland, Mark
name: Alexander, Don
Publisher: name: Vancouver Island University - Royal Roads University
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Traffic engineering--British Columbia--Vancouver
subject: Transportation--Planning
subject: City traffic--British Columbia--Vancouver
subject: Transportation--British Columbia--Vancouver
subject: Sustainable urban development--British Columbia--Vancouver

description: This study compares and contrasts a traditional view of traffic management with an emerging, broad interpretation that supports sustainable development. We then summarise recent research we undertook to examine the feasibility of applying sustainable transportation principles within Vancouver’s downtown in a comprehensive programme called area-wide traffic management (AWTM). AWTM attempts to improve transportation efficiency by reducing over- reliance upon motorised vehicles within urban centres.
description: https://viuspace.viu.ca/bitstream/handle/10613/5031/Alexander.WTPP.pdf?sequence=4
The Strategic Use of Fear in Public Policy Debates
Creators: name: Jansa, Joshua
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Year: 2013

description: While emotions are powerful determinants of political behavior, how these emotions are activated by the appeals of elites is not fully understood. However, this needs to change given the potentially large impact of emotions on policy outcomes. This paper argues that political actors will appeal to different emotions depending on their policy stance; defenders of the status quo appeal to fear and enthusiasm and proponents of change appeal to hope and anger. Hope and anger lead to risk taking behavior that proponents of change need to harness in efforts to persuade citizens and lawmakers to change policy. Likewise, defenders of the status quo appeal to fear and enthusiasm in an effort to maximize risk averse behavior. To test the theory, a dictionary of fear words is applied to statements on gun control in an automated content analysis. Support is found for the hypothesis that defenders of the status quo use fear at a higher rate than advocates of change. Most importantly, the study lays the groundwork for new forays into the mediating force of emotion in relationship between political actors and the mass public in the public policy process.
Chasing molecules - a structure elucidation journey
Creators: name: Kappen, Jonas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: natural product, isolation, synthesis, structure elucidation, NMR, pssc2023

description: Monday, 03/July/2023 11:30am - 11:45am
 ID: 135 / Session 2
 Oral Presentation Chasing molecules - a structure elucidation journey Jonas Kappen Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry (IPB), Halle (Saale), Germany; jkappen@ipb-halle.de The novel natural product lumnitzeralactone, which represents a derivative of ellagic acid, was isolated from the anti-bacterial extract of the Indonesian mangrove species Lumnitzera racemosa Willd. The structure of lumnitzeralactone, a proton-deficient and highly challenging condensed aromatic ring system, was unambiguously elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analyses involving high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS), 1D 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR), and 2D NMR (including 1,1-ADEQUATE and 1,n-ADEQUATE). Determination of the structure was a.o. supported by a two-step chemical synthesis. References Kappen, J.; Manurung, J.; Fuchs, T.; Vemulapalli, S.P.B.; Schmitz, L.M.; Frolov, A.; Agusta, A.; Muellner-Riehl, A.N.; Griesinger, C.; Franke, K.; et al. Challenging Structure Elucidation of Lumnitzeralactone, an Ellagic Acid Derivative from the Mangrove Lumnitzera racemosa. Mar. Drugs 2023, 21, 242. https://doi.org/10.3390/md21040242 Manurung, J.; Kappen, J.; Schnitzler, J.; Frolov, A.; Wessjohann, L.A.; Agusta, A.; Muellner-Riehl, A.N.; Franke, K. Analysis of Unusual Sulfated Constituents and Anti-infective Properties of Two Indonesian Mangroves, Lumnitzera littorea and Lumnitzera racemosa (Combretaceae). Separations 2021, 8, 82. https://doi.org/10.3390/separations8060082
Suppression of dephasing by qubit motion in superconducting circuits
Creators: name: Averin, D. V.
name: Xu, K.
name: Zhong, Y. P.
name: Song, C.
name: Wang, H.
name: Han, Siyuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We suggest and demonstrate a protocol which suppresses dephasing due to the low-frequency noise by qubit motion, i.e., transfer of the logical qubit of information in a system of $n \geq 2$ physical qubits. The protocol requires only the nearest-neighbor coupling and is applicable to different qubit structures. We further analyze its effectiveness against noises with arbitrary correlations. Our analysis, together with experiments using up to three superconducting qubits, shows that for the realistic uncorrelated noises, qubit motion increases the dephasing time of the logical qubit as $\sqrt{n}$. In general, the protocol provides a diagnostic tool to measure the noise correlations.
description: 5 pages with 3 embedded figures, plus supplementary information
Growth and characterization of R(O,F)BiS2 (R = La, Ce, Pr, Nd) superconducting single crystals
Creators: name: Nagao, Masanori
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: R(O,F)BiS2 (R: La, Ce, Pr, Nd) superconducting single crystals with different F concentrations are grown using a CsCl/KCl flux. The obtained 1-2 mm-sized single crystals have a plate-like shape and are cleavable along the ab-plane. The crystal structure is tetragonal of space group P4/nmm (#129). The as-grown single crystals exhibit superconductivity at around 3-5 K. The superconducting transition temperature increases with decreasing the ionic radius of the R element. The superconducting anisotropies of the R(O,F)BiS2 single crystals are estimated to be 30-60 according to the effective mass model, whereas the anisotropies for Ce(O,F)BiS2 single crystals are 13-21. The c-axis transport measurements of a single crystal of Pr(O,F)BiS2 under a magnetic field parallel to the ab-plane reveal a "lock-in" state attributed to the Josephson vortex flow. Furthermore, the Ce(O,F)BiS2 single crystals exhibit a magnetic order at the temperature range of 5-7 K that apparently coexist with superconductivity below approximately 3 K.
description: 20 pages, 2 table, 14 figures, Nov. Supercond. Mater. 2015
The biochemical characterisation of bacterial serine proteases and their influence on nitrogen acquisition in Zea mays
Creators: name: Merx, Laura
name: Misas-Villamil, Johana
name: Döhlemann, Gunther
name: Kaschani, Farnusch
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: proteases, Zea mays, nitrogen acquisition

description: Nitrogen (N) is a vital element of life. Since plants cannot use or take atmospheric N, they uptake nitrogen in the form of ammonium and nitrate. The conversion of N to
 multiple chemical forms is microbial-dependent. We have identified bacterial members
 associated with maize roots that secrete active proteases. Genes for proteolysis are significantly more abundant in root-associated bacteria than in soil and certain classes of proteases are highly expressed in endophytic bacterial communities. This body of evidence indicates that plants might “select” for bacterial strains that promote an advantage under certain conditions, e.g. availability of nitrogen. We hypothesize that bacterial proteases can improve nitrogen acquisition under poor nitrogen conditions and that plants recruit bacteria-producing proteases to enhance plant nitrogen uptake.

 Here, we aim to investigate the proteases produced in the maize root-associated SynCom cultures Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Chryseobacterium indologenes, and Curtobacterium pusillum. Furthermore, we will test their effect on Mono- and Dicots on different nitrogen sources.
Public spending on university education in the Autonomous Communities of Spain
Creators: name: Proietti, Michelle
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: The purpose of this thesis is to examine the link between public spending on university education of the different Autonomous Communities (ACs) in Spain and the university completion rates, expecting that the higher the amount of public funding on university education, the higher the completion rate in a given AC. This paper describes the role that autonomy plays in the set up of each AC's university education systems, as well as their systems of publicly funding university education. Because public funding of tertiary education is the responsibility of each region, there are many approaches to public funding. Due to the autonomy granted to the Spanish Communities and the diverse economic conditions these communities experience, the methods of publicly financing university education varies from region to region, displaying diversity in the completion rates of university students in the ACs.
Pregnancy prevalence, outcomes, and knowledge of rights for NCAA Division I female student athletes
Creators: name: Jaco, Lindsey Laure
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: No study has ever examined pregnancy in a student-athlete population. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of pregnancy and the relationship of pregnancy outcomes to knowledge of rights in collegiate female athletes enrolled at NCAA DI-A institutions. Paper and pencil surveys were administered at four major DI-A (BCS) institutions. Of the total 897 female student-athletes enrolled at the four institutions, 517 chose to participate in this study. Four percent of the subjects responded that they had been pregnant. Fifty seven percent of those subjects had abortions. Thirty percent of the subjects responded that they were not aware of their pregnancy rights. Results from this study did not illustrate a clear relationship between knowledge of pregnancy rights and hypothetical pregnancy decision. This study concluded that female student athletes and college athletics administrators need to be more educated about student athlete pregnancy rights and best sexual health practices.
Effects of solar evolution on finite acquisition time of Fabry-Perot-Interferometers in high resolution solar physics
Creators: name: Schlichenmaier, Rolf
name: Pitters, Daniel
name: Borrero, Juan Manuel
name: Schubert, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The imaging spectro-polarimeter VTF (Visible Tunable Filter) will be operated at the Daniel K. Inouye Solar Telescope (DKIST). Due to its capability of resolving dynamic fine structure of smaller than 0.05'', the finite acquisition time of typically 11 s affects the measurement process and potentially causes errors in deduced physical parameters. We estimate those errors and investigate ways of minimising them. We mimic the solar surface using a magneto-hydrodynamic simulation with a spatially averaged vertical field strength of 200 G. We simulate the measurement process scanning through successive wavelength points with a temporal cadence of 1 s. We synthesise FeI 617.3 nm. Besides the classical composition of the line profile, we introduce a novel method in which the intensity in each wavelength point is normalised using the simultaneous continuum intensity. Milne-Eddington inversions are used to infer the line-of-sight velocity, v(los), and the vertical (longitudinal) component of the magnetic field, B(los). We quantify systematic errors, defining the temporal average of the simulation during the measurement as the truth. We find that with the classical composition of the line profiles, errors exceed the sensitivity for v(los) and in filigree regions also for B(los). The novel method that includes normalisation reduces the measurement errors in all cases. Spatial binning without reducing the acquisition time decreases the measurement error slightly. The evolutionary time-scale in inter-granular lanes, in particular in areas with magnetic features (filigree), is shorter than the time-scale within granules. Hence less accumulations could be used for strong magnetic field in inter-granular lanes and more accumulations could be used for the weak granular magnetic fields. As a key result, we suggest to include the novel method of normalisation in corresponding data pipelines.
description: 11 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
Uplink Performance of Wideband Massive MIMO with One-Bit ADCs
Creators: name: Mollén, Christopher
name: Choi, Junil
name: Larsson, Erik G.
name: Heath, Robert W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) stand for a significant part of the total power consumption in a massive MIMO base station. One-bit ADCs are one way to reduce power consumption. This paper presents an analysis of the spectral efficiency of single-carrier and OFDM transmission in massive MIMO systems that use one-bit ADCs. A closed-form achievable rate, i.e., a lower bound on capacity, is derived for a wideband system with a large number of channel taps that employs low-complexity linear channel estimation and symbol detection. Quantization results in two types of error in the symbol detection. The circularly symmetric error becomes Gaussian in massive MIMO and vanishes as the number of antennas grows. The amplitude distortion, which severely degrades the performance of OFDM, is caused by variations between symbol durations in received interference energy. As the number of channel taps grows, the amplitude distortion vanishes and OFDM has the same performance as single-carrier transmission. A main conclusion of this paper is that wideband massive MIMO systems work well with one-bit ADCs.
description: Accepted to IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications
Minidisk Influence on Flow Variability in Accreting Spinning Black Hole Binaries: Simulations in Full General Relativity
Creators: name: Bright, Jane C.
name: Paschalidis, Vasileios
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform magnetohydrodynamic simulations of accreting, equal-mass binary black holes in full general relativity focusing on the effect of spin and minidisks on the accretion rate and Poynting luminosity variability. We report on the structure of the minidisks and periodicities in the mass of the minidisks, mass accretion rates, and Poynting luminosity. The accretion rate exhibits a quasi-periodic behavior related to the orbital frequency of the binary in all systems that we study, but the amplitude of this modulation is dependent on the existence of persistent minidisks. In particular, systems that are found to produce persistent minidisks have a much weaker modulation of the mass accretion rate, indicating that minidisks can increase the inflow time of matter onto the black holes, and dampen out the quasi-periodic behavior. This finding has potential consequences for binaries at greater separations where minidisks can be much larger and may dampen out the periodicities significantly.
description: Submitted to MNRAS. 10 pages, 10 figures
Identification of a priori available inbred individuals in faba bean (Vicia faba L.) populations and prediction of their genetic value for breeding
Creators: name: Laugel, Henri
name: Yaman, Sonja
name: Wiedenroth, Svenja
name: Link, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: pssc2023
faba bean
breeding
genomic prediction
genotyping
inbred

description: Faba bean (Vicia faba L.) is a partially allogamous grain legume, standing out due to its relatively high seed protein content, its high symbiotic performance and its climatic adaptation. However, its acreage in Germany is relatively low, partly because of yield instability and high seed cost. Faba bean breeding research recently experienced great progress thanks to the availability of SNP chips, the sequencing of its genome and analyses on the global diversity of the species, allowing the introduction of new breeding approaches. In this context, the project ‘Abo-Direkt’ aims to invent, develop, test and implement methodological improvements in faba bean breeding. It especially focuses on the development of a cost-efficient and fast method for the identification of a priori existing inbred individuals in faba bean populations, and the estimation of their genetic value through genomic prediction, to ultimately optimize breeding.
Dynamics of a relativistic jet through magnetized media
Creators: name: Garcia-Garcia, Leonardo
name: Lopez-Camara, Diego
name: Lazzati, Davide
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The merger of two neutron stars (NSs) produces the emission of gravitational waves, the formation of a compact object surrounded by a dense and magnetized environment, and the launching of a collimated and relativistic jet, which will eventually produce a short gamma-ray burst (SGRB). The interaction of the jet with the environment has been shown to play a major role in shaping the structure of the outflow that eventually powers the gamma-ray emission. In this paper, we present a set of 2.5 dimensional RMHD simulations that follow the evolution of a relativistic non-magnetized jet through a medium with different magnetization levels, as produced after the merger of two NSs. We find that the predominant consequence of a magnetized ambient medium is that of suppressing instabilities within the jet, and preventing the formation of a series of collimation shocks. One implication of this is that internal shocks lose efficiency, causing bursts with low-luminosity prompt emission. On the other hand, the jet-head velocity and the induced magnetization within the jet are fairly independent from the magnetization of the ambient medium. Future numerical studies with a larger domain are necessary to obtain light curves and spectra in order to better understand the role of magnetized media.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures, 1 table. Submitted to MNRAS