cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Dynamic Infection Spread Model Based Group Testing
Creators: name: Arasli, Batuhan
name: Ulukus, Sennur
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2023
Subjects: group testing
dynamic group testing
algorithm design
group testing over time
pooled testing

description: Group testing idea is an efficient approach to detect prevalence of an infection in the test samples taken from a group of individuals. It is based on the idea of pooling the test samples and performing tests to the mixed samples. This approach results in possible reduction in the required number of tests to identify infections. Classical group testing works consider static settings where the infection statuses of the individuals do not change throughout the testing process. In our paper, we study a dynamic infection spread model, inspired by the discrete time SIR model, where infections are spread via non-isolated infected individuals, while infection keeps spreading over time, a limited capacity testing is performed at each time instance as well. In contrast to the classical, static group testing problem, the objective in our setup is not to find the minimum number of required tests to identify the infection status of every individual in the population, but to control the infection spread by detecting and isolating the infections over time by using the given, limited number of tests. In order to analyze the performance of the proposed algorithms, we focus on the average-case analysis of the number of individuals that remain non-infected throughout the process of controlling the infection. We propose two dynamic algorithms that both use given limited number of tests to identify and isolate the infections over time, while the infection spreads, while the first algorithm is a dynamic randomized individual testing algorithm, in the second algorithm we employ the group testing approach similar to the original work of Dorfman. By considering weak versions of our algorithms, we obtain lower bounds for the performance of our algorithms. Finally, we implement our algorithms and run simulations to gather numerical results and compare our algorithms and theoretical approximation results under different sets of system parameters.
Coerência entre ensino religioso e o estilo de vida do professor
Creators: name: Gomes, Juarez
Publisher: name: Revista Lusófona de Ciência das Religiões
Year: 2013

description: O atual descrédito em relação à prática da moralidade e a conseqüente exacerbação de diversos tipos de violência, possibilitam ao ensino religioso configurar-se como instrumento de busca para respostas a esses problemas. A partir do trabalho com Disciplina Especial ofertada nesta instituição desde 2005, discutem-se caminhos em direção a esse alvo. A proposta é fundada na concepção pestalozziana de experiência religiosa; na viabilidade de práticas pedagógicas que não desprezam a fé, e no necessário envolvimento prático do educador com o exercício do “amor incondicional”. Resultados parciais obtidos junto ao grupo de licenciandos atendido, apontam à continuidade das ações na análise crítica do objeto do ensino religioso junto a institucionalidade educacional e o impacto do mesmo em na rotina do educador/aluno.
description: Revista Lusófona de Ciência das Religiões, n. 12: Parte I: A religião dos lusófonos nos E.U.A. | Parte II: A religião na sala de aula, um debate sobre o Ensino Religioso
Detectability of axisymmetric magnetic fields from the core to the surface of oscillating post-main-sequence stars
Creators: name: Bhattacharya, Shatanik
name: Das, Srijan Bharati
name: Bugnet, Lisa
name: Panda, Subrata
name: Hanasoge, Shravan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Recently, asteroseismic estimates of radial magnetic field amplitudes were obtained for 24 red giants (RGs) in the hydrogen-burning shell (H-shell) phase by measuring frequency splittings in their power spectra. Using general Lorentz-stress (magnetic) kernels, we investigated the potential for detectability of near-surface magnetism in a 1.3 M⊙ star as it evolves from a mid subgiant (SG) to a late SG and into an RG. Based on these sensitivity kernels, we decompose an RG into three zones — deep core, H-shell, and near-surface. The SGs instead required decomposition into an inner core, an outer core, and a near-surface layer. Additionally, we find that for a low-frequency g-dominated l=1 mode in a typical stable magnetic field, ~25% of the frequency shift comes from the H-shell and the remaining from deeper layers. The ratio of the subsurface tangential field to the radial field in the H-shell determines if subsurface fields may be potentially detectable. For p-dominated l=1 modes close to 𝜈_max, this ratio is around two orders of magnitude smaller in the SG phase than in the corresponding RG phase. Furthermore, with the availability of magnetic kernels, we propose lower limits for field strengths in crucial layers of our stellar model during its evolutionary phases. The theoretical prescription we have used provides the first formal way to devise inverse problems for stellar magnetism and can be seamlessly employed for slow rotators.
Magnetized plasminos in cold and hot QED plasmas
Creators: name: Sadooghi, N.
name: Taghinavaz, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The complete quasi-particle spectrum of a magnetized electromagnetic plasma is systematically explored at zero and nonzero temperatures. To this purpose, the general structure of the one-loop corrected propagator of magnetized fermions is determined, and the dispersion relations arising from the pole of this propagator are numerically solved. It turns out that in the lowest Landau level, where only one spin direction is allowed, the spectrum consists of one positively (negatively) charged fermionic mode with positive (negative) spin. In contrast, in higher Landau levels, as an indirect consequence of the double spin degeneracy of fermions, the spectrum consists of two massless collective modes with left- and right-chiralities. The mechanism through which these new collective excitations are created in a uniform magnetic field is similar to the production mechanism of dynamical holes (plasminos) at finite temperature and zero magnetic fields. Whereas cold magnetized plasminos appear for moderate magnetic fields and for all positive momenta of propagating fermions, hot magnetized plasminos appear only in the limit of weak magnetic fields and soft momenta.
description: V1: 24 pages, 10 figures; V2: Typos corrected. Version accepted for publication in PRD
EOSC-Pillar D6.1 - State of the Art and Community Needs Report from Use Cases
Creators: name: Rizzo, Alessandro
name: Tanlongo, Federica
name: Galeazzi, Fulvio
name: Pierkot, Christelle
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: EOSC
use case
material science
climate science
FAIR data
open science

description: This deliverable reports on the findings of the Use Cases analysis, with a special focus on the community requirements and on the opportunity to extend every single Use Case to other communities. The document contains a report on a first state of the art and community needs from each Use Case. The present document is the result of several months activities driven by the WP6 and centred on the analysis of the Use-cases submitted by the scientific communities involved in the EOSC-Pillar project. The main aim of the deliverable is to present “the state of the art” through a cross-cutting analysis in order to identify commonalities and synergies among the UCs with regards to technical requirements and needs. Finally, some options are suggested in terms of common actions and developments.
Comap: A synthetic dataset for collective multi-agent perception of autonomous driving
Creators: name: Yuan, Y.
name: Sester, M.
Publisher: name: Katlenburg-Lindau : Copernicus Publications
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 3D Object Detection
subject: Collective Perception
subject: Data Fusion
subject: Point Cloud
subject: Semantic Segmentation
subject: Simulation
subject: Uncertainty Estimation
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::550 | Geowissenschaften

description: Collective perception of connected vehicles can sufficiently increase the safety and reliability of autonomous driving by sharing perception information. However, collecting real experimental data for such scenarios is extremely expensive. Therefore, we built a computational efficient co-simulation synthetic data generator through CARLA and SUMO simulators. The simulated data contain image and point cloud data as well as ground truth for object detection and semantic segmentation tasks. To verify the superior performance gain of collective perception over single-vehicle perception, we conducted experiments of vehicle detection, which is one of the most important perception tasks for autonomous driving, on this data set. A 3D object detector and a Bird's Eye View (BEV) detector are trained and then test with different configurations of the number of cooperative vehicles and vehicle communication ranges. The experiment results showed that collective perception can not only dramatically increase the overall mean detection accuracy but also the localization accuracy of detected bounding boxes. Besides, a vehicle detection comparison experiment showed that the detection performance drop caused by sensor observation noise can be canceled out by redundant information collected by multiple vehicles.
Artificial Wear for the Assessment of Monitoring Performance
Creators: name: Denkena, Berend
name: Bergmann, Benjamin
name: Stiehl, Tobias H.
Publisher: name: Amsterdam [u.a.] : Elsevier
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: benchmark
subject: flank wear
subject: tool condition monitoring
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::670 | Industrielle und handwerkliche Fertigung

description: Various tool condition monitoring systems exist, that can increase machine availability and process reliability. Assessing and comparing their performance, however, requires high expenditure due to real process failures being scarce, too different or costly to reproduce. Hence, this paper investigates the reproducible simulation of flank wear. It introduces and validates a geometry for indexable inserts that results in process changes similar to those caused by natural flank wear. The validation considers turning processes with different feeds, depth of cut and cutting speeds in steel. Results demonstrate that the proposed geometry for indexable inserts affects process forces similar to natural flank wear.
Impact of Post-Harvest Management Practices in Corn (Zea mays L.) Fields on Arthropods in Subsequent Soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr.) Plantings
Creators: name: Leslie, Alan W.
name: McCluen, Scott R.
name: Hooks, Cerruti
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2023
Subjects: herbivore
natural enemies
parasitism
predation
stink bug
tillage

description: There is increased adoption of cover cropping and conservation tillage in the USA. Many farmers view these practices as methods for improving their soils. However, different cover cropping and tillage practices conducted post-harvest can have a disparate impact on arthropods within the subsequent cash crop. Field experiments were conducted during 2017 and 2018 at two experimental sites to examine the influences of different post-harvest practices following corn (Zea mays L.) harvest on pests and beneficials in subsequent soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] plantings. Experimental treatments included: (1) tillage via chisel plow (CP), (2) no-tillage in which corn residue/stubble remained on the soil surface (CS), and (3) planting a cover crop into corn residue (CC) following corn harvest. Overall, insect herbivore abundance was greater in the CP treatment. Foliar predator numbers were similar among treatments or of greater abundance in CP. The activity density of epigeal insect predators varied according to site and feeding guild. However, spider activity density was greatest in CP. Stink bug egg mortality due to predation and parasitism varied among treatments. However, the percentage of stink bug eggs that hatched was greatest in the CC during both years. Findings suggest that post-harvest practices investigated during this study will have a similar influence on most epigeal and foliar arthropods in soybean.
Kinematic simulation to investigate the influence of the cutting edge topography when ball end micro milling
Creators: name: Klauer, Katja
name: Altherr, Nicolas
name: Eifler, Matthias
name: Kirsch, Benjamin
name: Böß, Volker
name: Seewig, Jörg
name: Aurich, Jan C.
Publisher: name: Amsterdam [u.a.] : Elsevier
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: cutting edge topography
subject: dexel model
subject: kinematic simulation
subject: micro milling
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::670 | Industrielle und handwerkliche Fertigung

description: During the ball end micro milling of material measures, the cutting edge topography is imaged on the machined workpiece. The influence of the chipping on the resulting surface quality is much more dominant than other kinematic effects. In this simulative study, a model is built that is able to predict the correlation between the cutting edge topography and the resulting workpiece topography. Thus, the mentioned correlation can be investigated without overlaying effects of material separation or measurement uncertainties, which are unavoidable in an experimental study. The model has been validated based on four artificial chippings.
The Main Memory System: Challenges and Opportunities
Creators: name: Mutlu, Onur
name: Meza, Justin
name: Lavanya  Subramanian
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Computer Engineering
subject: 90699 Electrical and Electronic Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: The memory system is a fundamental performance and energy bottleneck in almost all computing systems. Recent system design, application, and technology trends that require more capacity, bandwidth, efficiency, and predictability out of the memory system make it an even more important system bottleneck. At the same time, DRAM technology is experiencing difficult technology scaling challenges that make the maintenance and enhancement of its capacity, energy-efficiency, and reliability significantly more costly with conventional techniques.
In this article, after describing the demands and challenges faced by the memory system, we examine some promising research and design directions to overcome challenges posed by memory scaling. Specifically, we describe three major new research challenges and solution directions: 1) enabling new DRAM architectures, functions, interfaces, and better integration of the DRAM and the rest of the system (an approach we call system-DRAM co-design), 2) designing a memory system that employs emerging non-volatile memory technologies and takes advantage of multiple different technologies (i.e., hybrid memory systems), 3) providing predictable performance and QoS to applications sharing the memory system (i.e., QoS-aware memory systems). We also briefly describe our ongoing related work in combating scaling challenges of NAND flash memory
Uma teologia inserida na Universidade
Creators: name: Passos, João Décio
Publisher: name: Revista Lusófona de Ciência das Religiões
Year: 2013

description: A teologia inserida na universidade pode afirmar-se como área de conhecimento no contexto epistemológico das ciências modernas e da cultura plural. A dinâmica acadêmica constitutiva da universidade a desafia a afirmar seu estatuto teórico para além dos territórios eclesiais e no diálogo interdisciplinar.
description: Revista Lusófona de Ciência das Religiões, n. 12: Parte I: A religião dos lusófonos nos E.U.A. | Parte II: A religião na sala de aula, um debate sobre o Ensino Religioso
EOSC-Pillar D6.1 State of the Art and Community Needs
Creators: name: Rizzo, Alessandro
name: Tanlongo, Federica
name: Galeazzi, Fulvio
name: Pierkot, Christelle
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: EOSC
use case
material science
climate science
FAIR data
open science

description: The main purpose of this document is twofold: (i) describe the Use Cases and, (ii) analyze their technical requirements in compliance with EOSC framework.
List coloring of matroids and base exchange properties
Creators: name: Lasoń, Michał
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05B35

description: A coloring of a matroid is an assignment of colors to the elements of its ground set. We restrict to proper colorings - those for which elements of the same color form an independent set. Seymour proved that a $k$-colorable matroid is also colorable from any lists of size $k$. We generalize this theorem to the case when lists have still fixed sizes, but not necessarily equal. For any fixed size of lists assignment $\ell$, we prove that, if a matroid is colorable from a particular lists of size $\ell$, then it is colorable from any lists of size $\ell$. This gives an explicit necessary and sufficient condition for a matroid to be list colorable from any lists of a fixed size. As an application, we show how to use our condition to derive several base exchange properties.
Controlled synchronization of nonlinear teleoperation in task-space with time-varying delays
Creators: Amir Zakerimanesh
Farzad Hashemazdeh
Ali Torabi
Mahdi Tavakoli
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2022

This paper introduces a novel control framework for bilateral teleoperation system with the redundant remote robot to ensure the end-effectors’ position tracking while satisfying a sub-task control such as obstacle avoidance in the presence of the nonlinear dynamics for the manipulators and bounded time-varying delays in the communication channels. The asymptotic stability of the closed-loop dynamics is studied using a Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional under conditions on the controller parameters and the maximum values of time-varying delays. Simulation and experimental results are provided to validate the theoretical findings
The Raven Hydrological Modelling Framework - Simulating Runoff in a Swiss context
Creators: name: Zweifel, Peter
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Hydrology
subject: Raven framework
subject: Hydrological modelling

description: Master thesis in Geography at University of Bern;

Abstract: In hydrological modelling, hypothesis testing is a strategy to systematically assess the usefulness of representations of reality. Modular modelling frameworks allow the efficient development of models from building blocks. The Raven modelling framework offers to examine the influence of changing process representations, numerical algorithms, parametrization, spatial and temporal discretization and forcing data. In this thesis, the five conceptual models GR4J, HBV, HMETS, HYMOD and MOHYSE are emulated in Raven to generate runoff simulations for eleven Swiss catchments. For pre-processing and input file generation, the Python library Raven-Tools is developed and published. Parameters are optimized with a split-sample calibration/validation scheme with 40 years of total data. For each catchment and model, 20 optimization trials are run with different random seeds and the result with the highest non-parametric Kling-Gupta Efficiency (KGEnp) in the calibration period is selected for further analysis. Using KGEnp as performance metric emphasizes three parts of the hydrographs during optimization: Volume, variability and dynamics. The results indicate HBV’s strong performance and robustness of its results over both periods. GR4J showed a tendency to overemphasize ascents and descents. HYMOD exhibits a trend to lag behind observations. Furthermore, the analysis of KGEnp’s components provides valuable insights. It is concluded that Raven is a powerful tool that is expected to contribute to increased understanding about hydrologic process representation through hypothesis testing.
Universal finite element matrices for tetrahedra
Creators: name: Z.J.(Zoltan J.) Cendes
name: F  Minhas
name: P  Silvester
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Computer Engineering
subject: 90699 Electrical and Electronic Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: technical report
Impedance matching of inverted conductors: Two-dimensional beam splitters with divergent gain
Creators: name: Mecklenburg, Matthew
name: Regan, B. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A thin conducting sheet - graphene, for example - transmits, absorbs, and reflects radiation. A sheet that is very thin, even vanishingly so, can still produce 50% absorption at normal incidence if it has conductivity corresponding to half the impedance of free space. We find that, regardless of the sheet conductivity, there exists a combination of polarization and angle of incidence that achieves this impedance half-matching condition. If the conducting medium can be inverted, the conductivity is formally negative and the sheet amplifies the incident radiation. To the extent that a negative half-match in a thin sheet can be maintained, enormous single-pass gain in both transmission and reflection is possible. Known semiconductors (e.g., gallium nitride) have the optical properties necessary to give large amplification in a structure that is, remarkably, both thin and nonresonant.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures. Updated to final PRA format with two additional references (1934 Woltersdorff and 1964 Kaplan)
Filosofia da Religião em Os Demónios de Dostoiévski
Creators: name: Sakamoto, Jacqueline
Publisher: name: Revista Lusófona de Ciência das Religiões
Year: 2013

description: O romance Os Demônios trata dos excessos da secularização em ética e pedagogia e indica que o esquecimento da categoria de santidade inviabiliza o discernimento em meio ao relativismo moral. A negatividade devastadora de seus personagens não são expressões de um mal abstrato e metafísico, ao contrário, são expressões vívidas e concretas ao longo do romance da perfeita liberdade da vontade humana. Na plenitudede tal liberdade a personalidade humana é dissolvida, a solidão se instala, a ligação entre os homens é cortada e a sociedade destruída.Trata-se de um brilhante insight do estado de perplexidade, declínio e inadequação da alma mutilada e espiritualmente impotente. Deslocado o centro da gravidade para a liberdade da vontade humana, emancipado das potências de Deus, os homens passam a voar pelo espaço. Uma síndrome cada vez mais crônica do homem moderno: descolado de sua tradição e constrangido aos referenciais humanos degenera e realiza o Nada. A consistência da Filosofia da Religião em Dostoiévski, que considera o mistério como constitutivo da condição humana, nos revela uma poderosa crítica religiosa aos desdobramentos do ateísmo moderno, assim como, uma valiosa contribuição no diálogo entre educação, religião e moral.
description: Revista Lusófona de Ciência das Religiões, n. 12: Parte I: A religião dos lusófonos nos E.U.A. | Parte II: A religião na sala de aula, um debate sobre o Ensino Religioso
Shaping the edge radial electric field to create shearless transport barriers in tokamaks
Creators: name: Osorio-Quiroga, L. A.
name: Roberto, M.
name: Caldas, I. L.
name: Viana, R. L.
name: Elskens, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In tokamak-confined plasmas, particle transport can be reduced by modifying the radial electric field. In this paper, we investigate the influence of both a well-like and a hill-like shaped radial electric field profile on the creation of shearless transport barriers (STBs) at the plasma edge, which are a type of barrier that can prevent chaotic transport and are related to the presence of extreme values in the rotation number profile. For that, we apply an ExB drift model to describe test particle orbits in large aspect-ratio tokamaks. We show how these barriers depend on the electrostatic fluctuation amplitudes and on the width and depth (height) of the radial electric field well-like (hill-like) profile. We find that, as the depth (height) increases, the STB at the plasma edge becomes more resistant to fluctuations, enabling access to an improved confinement regime that prevents chaotic transport. We also present parameter spaces with the radial electric field parameters, indicating the STB existence for several electric field configurations at the plasma edge, for which we obtain a fractal structure at the barrier/non-barrier frontier, typical of quasi-integrable Hamiltonian systems.
description: 12 pages and 8 figures
Locally optimal controllers and globally inverse optimal controllers
Creators: name: Benachour, Sofiane
name: Shiromoto, Humberto Stein
name: Andrieu, Vincent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: In this paper we consider the problem of global asymptotic stabilization with prescribed local behavior. We show that this problem can be formulated in terms of control Lyapunov functions. Moreover, we show that if the local control law has been synthesized employing a LQ approach, then the associated Lyapunov function can be seen as the value function of an optimal problem with some specific local properties. We illustrate these results on two specific classes of systems: backstepping and feedforward systems. Finally, we show how this framework can be employed when considering the orbital transfer problem.
O ensino religioso numa perspectiva solidária
Creators: name: Santos, Jacimera Maria Thimoteo Dos
Publisher: name: Revista Lusófona de Ciência das Religiões
Year: 2013

description: Diversidade cultural e multiculturalismo são expressões de ordem hoje em dia, tanto que o Projeto Político Pedagógico de toda escola precisa inserir, respeitar e trabalhar as mesmas. Isso significa dizer que a cultura do grupo precisa ser levada em consideração, de modo que a escola não deve mais impor um único modelo de cultura, como fez, durante anos, para manter o status quo, contribuindo para o aumento das desigualdades sociais que culminam em exclusão social. Nesse sentido, vale ressaltar que uma das disciplinas oferecidas na escola, Ensino Religioso, pode ser um elemento fomentador de uma educação libertadora ao contribuir na luta para a superação do atual quadro de exclusão social em nossa sociedade, mesmo com uma história conturbada de mais de 500 anos, pautada em uma única religião, o Cristianismo, e uma única igreja, a Igreja Católica Apostólica Romana. Para tal, precisa ter uma práxis educativa transformadora e desenvolver um Conteúdo Programático que trabalhe a Educação para a Solidariedade. Sendo assim, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo refletir sobre o modelo de Ensino Religioso do Estado do Rio de Janeiro e os seus entraves, bem como a Educação para a Solidariedade como uma proposta pedagógica a ser desenvolvida nesta disciplina. Para a concretização do mesmo fez-se necessário discorremos pela história do Ensino Religioso no Rio de Janeiro. Como fundamentação teórica utilizamos, entre outros, os autores Jung Mo Sung e Hugo Assmann, pois para eles é preciso e possível discutir, refletir e trabalhar a solidariedade na educação.
description: Revista Lusófona de Ciência das Religiões, n. 12: Parte I: A religião dos lusófonos nos E.U.A. | Parte II: A religião na sala de aula, um debate sobre o Ensino Religioso
Analysis of the impact of data compression on condition monitoring algorithms for ball screws
Creators: name: Hinrichs, Reemt
name: Schmidt, Alexander
name: Koslowski, Julian
name: Bergmann, Benjamin
name: Denkena, Berend
name: Ostermann, Jörn
Publisher: name: Amsterdam [u.a.] : Elsevier
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: condition monitoring
subject: data compression
subject: differential pulse-code modulation
subject: health monitoring
subject: machine tools
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::670 | Industrielle und handwerkliche Fertigung

description: The overall equipment effectiveness (OEE) is a management ratio to evaluate the added value of machine tools. Unplanned machine downtime reduces the operational availability and therefore, the OEE. Increased machine costs are the consequence. An important cause of unplanned machine downtimes is the total failure of ball screws of the feed axes due to wear. Therefore, monitoring of the condition of ball screws is important. Common concepts rely on high-frequency acceleration sensors from external control systems to detect a change of the condition. For trend and detailed damage analysis, large amounts of data are generated and stored over a long time period (>5 years), resulting in corresponding data storage costs. Additional axes or machine tools increase the data volume further, adding to the total storage costs. To minimize these costs, data compression or source coding has to be applied. To achieve maximum compression ratios, lossy coding algorithms have to be used, which introduce distortion in a signal. In this work, the influence of lossy coding algorithms on a condition monitoring algorithm (CMA) using acceleration signals is investigated. The CMA is based on principal component analysis and uses 17 features such as standard deviation to predict the preload condition of a ball screw. It is shown that bit rate reduction through lossy compression algorithms is possible without affecting the condition monitoring - as long as the compression algorithm is known. In contrast, an unknown compression algorithm reduces the classification accuracy of condition monitoring by about 20 % when coding with a quantizer resolution of 4 bit/sample.
Nanoscale Bending Dynamics in Mixed-Chain Lipid Membranes
Creators: name: Kelley, Elizabeth G.
name: Frewein, Moritz P. K.
name: Czakkel, Orsolya
name: Nagao, Michihiro
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2023
Subjects: chain-asymmetric lipids
mixed-chain lipids
collective dynamics
bending fluctuations
neutron spin echo (NSE)

description: Lipids that have two tails of different lengths are found throughout biomembranes in nature, yet the effects of this asymmetry on the membrane properties are not well understood, especially when it comes to the membrane dynamics. Here we study the nanoscale bending fluctuations in model mixed-chain 14:0–18:0 PC (MSPC) and 18:0–14:0 PC (SMPC) lipid bilayers using neutron spin echo (NSE) spectroscopy. We find that despite the partial interdigitation that is known to persist in the fluid phase of these membranes, the collective fluctuations are enhanced on timescales of tens of nanoseconds, and the chain-asymmetric lipid bilayers are softer than an analogous chain-symmetric lipid bilayer with the same average number of carbons in the acyl tails, di-16:0 PC (DPPC). Quantitative comparison of the NSE results suggests that the enhanced bending fluctuations at the nanosecond timescales are consistent with experimental and computational studies that showed the compressibility moduli of chain-asymmetric lipid membranes are 20% to 40% lower than chain-symmetric lipid membranes. These studies add to growing evidence that the partial interdigitation in mixed-chain lipid membranes is highly dynamic in the fluid phase and impacts membrane dynamic processes from the molecular to mesoscopic length scales without significantly changing the bilayer thickness or area per lipid.
Enhancement of growth and biomolecules (carbohydrates, proteins, and chlorophylls) of isolated Chlorella thermophila using optimization tools
Creators: name: Sarkar, Sambit
name: Mankad, Jaivik
name: Padhihar, Nitin
name: Manna, Mriganka Sekhar
name: Bhowmick, Tridib Kumar
name: Gayen, Kalyan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology

description: The production of multiple products from microalgae is essential for economic sustainability and the knowledge of optimum cultivation conditions for high growth and biomolecule synthesis of a microalgal strain is the prerequisite for its commercial production. In this work, optimization of nutrient concentrations for the cultivation of isolated Chlorella thermophila was performed by manipulating nine nutrients with the objectives of maximization of growth, carbohydrate, protein, and chlorophyll contents. Experiments were designed and effects of the parameters were studied using Taguchi orthogonal array (TOA). Experimental results of TOA were used for modeling artificial neural networks (ANN) followed by the optimization using genetic algorithm (GA) to find global optimal solutions. Results showed an increase of 36, 88, 36, and 88% for growth, carbohydrates, proteins, and chlorophylls, respectively, at optimal combinations of parameters given by TOA. Results obtained through the ANN-GA optimization were 9, 10, and 3% more compared to the TOA for biomass, carbohydrates, and chlorophylls, respectively with experimental verification. Nitrates and bicarbonate were found to play the most pivotal role in biomass and biomolecule synthesis of the isolated microalgal strain. Results of the current investigation can be used in the industrial scale-up for the production of multiple products using the biorefinery approach.
Deep learning for automatic segmentation of thigh and leg muscles
Creators: name: Abramo, Agosti
name: Shaqiri Enea
name: Matteo, Paoletti
name: Francesca, Solazzo
name: Niels, Bergsland
name: Colelli Giulia
name: Giovanni, Savini
name: Muzic Shaun, I.
name: Francesco, Santini
name: Deligianni Xeni
name: Luca, Diamanti
name: Mauro, Monforte
name: Giorgio, Tasca
name: Enzo, Ricci
name: Stefano, Bastianello
name: Anna, Pichiecchio
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: deep learning
muscle segmentation
magnetic resonance imaging

description: Introduction. This database includes the raw data linked with paper “Deep learning for automatic segmentation of thigh and leg muscles”. In this paper, we address the automatic segmentation of selected muscles of the thigh and leg through a supervised deep learning approach using as input for the neural network MRI scans of subjects affected by facioscapulohumeral dystrophy and by amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Methods. The application of quantitative imaging in neuromuscular diseases requires the availability of regions of interest (ROI) drawn on muscles to extract quantitative parameters. Up to now, manual drawing of ROIs has been considered the gold standard in clinical studies, with no clear and universally accepted standardized procedure for segmentation. Several automatic methods, based mainly on machine learning and deep learning algorithms, have recently been proposed to discriminate between skeletal muscle, bone, subcutaneous and intermuscular adipose tissue. We develop a supervised deep learning approach based on a unified framework for ROI segmentation. Results (in brief). The proposed network generates segmentation maps with high accuracy, consisting in Dice Scores ranging from 0.89 to 0.95, with respect to “ground truth” manually segmented labelled images, also showing high average performance in both mild and severe cases of disease involvement (i.e. entity of fatty replacement).
description: Funding: University of Pavia within the CRUI-CARE Agreement; ricerca corrente 2017-2019, ricerca corrente 2020, ricerca finalizzata 2016-02362914 - Ministry of Health (Italy)
A TB-HIV/AIDS coinfection model and optimal control treatment
Creators: name: Silva, Cristiana J.
name: Torres, Delfim F. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 92D30, 93A30, 34D30, 49J15

description: We propose a population model for TB-HIV/AIDS coinfection transmission dynamics, which considers antiretroviral therapy for HIV infection and treatments for latent and active tuberculosis. The HIV-only and TB-only sub-models are analyzed separately, as well as the TB-HIV/AIDS full model. The respective basic reproduction numbers are computed, equilibria and stability are studied. Optimal control theory is applied to the TB-HIV/AIDS model and optimal treatment strategies for co-infected individuals with HIV and TB are derived. Numerical simulations to the optimal control problem show that non intuitive measures can lead to the reduction of the number of individuals with active TB and AIDS.
description: This is a preprint of a paper whose final and definite form will be published in the journal 'Discrete and Continuous Dynamical Systems. Series A', ISSN 1078-0947 (Print), ISSN 1553-5231 (Online). Submitted 03/May/2014; revised 08/Nov/2014 and 23/Nov/2014; accepted 14/Jan/2015. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1406.0877
Porquê ensinar sobre Religião na sala de aula?
Creators: name: Figueira, Eulálio
Publisher: name: Revista Lusófona de Ciência das Religiões
Year: 2013

description: A fala apresentada nesta mesa redonda pretende levantar a discussão sobre o que pode constituir um objeto capaz de justificar uma área de conhecimento, a saber, a ciência da religião, conferir rigor de ciência a seu discurso, e paralelamente justificar a urgência de disciplina inserida nos currículos escolares: O Ensino Religioso. Colocar esta questão em debate implica em chamar ao debate dos caminhos que devem ser construídos para falar-se com propriedade duma cientificidade do fato religioso. Como resposta a esta falta de cultura sobre o mundo das religiões, aliada ainda a uma nova necessidade cívica de equacionar o novo mundo do terrorismo e dos fundamentalismos religiosos, a religião na sala de aula revela-se cada vez mais como uma realidade que necessita de um amplo debate que responda e corresponda a alguns dos desafios mais prementes do nosso mundo.
description: Revista Lusófona de Ciência das Religiões, n. 12: Parte I: A religião dos lusófonos nos E.U.A. | Parte II: A religião na sala de aula, um debate sobre o Ensino Religioso
Hardy and BMO spaces on graphs, application to Riesz transform
Creators: name: Feneuil, Joseph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60J10 (Primary), 42B20, 42B30, 43A85 (Secondary)

description: Let $Γ$ be a graph with the doubling property for the volume of balls and $P$ a reversible random walk on $Γ$. We introduce $H^1$ Hardy spaces of functions and $1$-forms adapted to $P$ and prove various characterizations of these spaces. We also characterize the dual space of $H^1$ as a $BMO$-type space adapted to $P$. As an application, we establish $H^1$-$H^1$ and $H^1$-$L^1$ boundedness of the Riesz transform.
description: 45 pages
Desafios do contexto histórico-legislativo da Formação do Professor do Ensino Religioso no Brasil
Creators: name: Junqueira, Sérgio Rogério Azevedo
name: Gilz, Claudino
name: Rodrigues, Edile Maria Fracaro
name: Perobelli, Rachel De Morais Borges
Publisher: name: Revista Lusófona de Ciência das Religiões
Year: 2013

description: A disciplina de Ensino Religioso, ampliada pela “Educação Religiosa” como área deconhecimento, aos poucos vai tomando o seu espaço no currículo escolar. O debate para uma formação inicial e continuada tem considerado as urgências e necessidades dos novos tempos. Entretanto, não basta que pareceres e resoluções simplesmente estabeleçam as Diretrizes Curriculares para o Ensino Fundamental, incluindo uma área de conhecimento qualificada como Educação Religiosa. Há de se buscar um maiora profundamento dos elementos integrantes de sua natureza e o conseqüente tratamento metodológico a ser-lhe dispensado nessa nova condição. Isto não será possível,sem que se leve em conta a formação de profissionais capacitados a compreender a naturezada disciplina e desenvolver as habilidades e competências para um desempenho como profissionais da educação. Por isso, esse artigo levanta algumas questões histórico-legislativas no intuito de perceber como se dá o processo de inclusão desse profissional no sistema de ensino, com a justa garantia de seus direitos, como acontece com os demais professores que atuam nas outras áreas do currículo.
description: Revista Lusófona de Ciência das Religiões, n. 12: Parte I: A religião dos lusófonos nos E.U.A. | Parte II: A religião na sala de aula, um debate sobre o Ensino Religioso
Finite element simulation of sintering of metal-bonded grinding wheels
Creators: name: Denkena, B.
name: Krödel, A.
name: Liu, Y.
name: Kempf, F.
name: Kostka, M.
Publisher: name: Amsterdam [u.a.] : Elsevier
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Metal-bonded grinding wheels
subject: Simulation
subject: Sintering
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::670 | Industrielle und handwerkliche Fertigung

description: The grinding wheel properties porosity, particle distribution and the grain holding force influence the surface roughness of the machined workpiece and the performance of the grinding process. These properties of a grinding wheel are in turn defined during tool production. However, the adaptation of the properties of a grinding wheel to the specific grinding task is currently based on empirical knowledge and experience. Understanding the interdependencies from the initial manufacturing to the final grinding results is the key to achieve the target-oriented generation of the grinding wheel properties for the grinding task at hand. With regard to the large number of powder particles for the manufacturing of metal-bonded grinding wheels, an analytical investigation of the powder metallurgical processes is not suitable. Numerical simulations offer a cost and time saving alternative to provide information on the sintering behavior and gain knowledge on the acting mechanism. In this article the sintering of a metal-bonded diamond grinding wheel is modelled and the obtained results are connected to material properties of the resulting grinding layer.
Group Testing with a Graph Infection Spread Model
Creators: name: Arasli, Batuhan
name: Ulukus, Sennur
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2023
Subjects: group testing
dynamic group testing
algorithm design
group testing design over time
pooled testing

description: The group testing idea is an efficient infection identification approach based on pooling the test samples of a group of individuals, which results in identification with less number of tests than individually testing the population. In our work, we propose a novel infection spread model based on a random connection graph which represents connections between n individuals. Infection spreads via connections between individuals, and this results in a probabilistic cluster formation structure as well as non-i.i.d. (correlated) infection statuses for individuals. We propose a class of two-step sampled group testing algorithms where we exploit the known probabilistic infection spread model. We investigate the metrics associated with two-step sampled group testing algorithms. To demonstrate our results, for analytically tractable exponentially split cluster formation trees, we calculate the required number of tests and the expected number of false classifications in terms of the system parameters, and identify the trade-off between them. For such exponentially split cluster formation trees, for zero-error construction, we prove that the required number of tests is 𝑂(log2𝑛) . Thus, for such cluster formation trees, our algorithm outperforms any zero-error non-adaptive group test, binary splitting algorithm, and Hwang’s generalized binary splitting algorithm. Our results imply that, by exploiting probabilistic information on the connections of individuals, group testing can be used to reduce the number of required tests significantly even when the infection rate is high, contrasting the prevalent belief that group testing is useful only when the infection rate is low.
Estimation of unknown system states based on an adaptive neural network and Kalman filter
Creators: name: Kellermann, Christoph
name: Ostermann, Jörn
Publisher: name: Amsterdam [u.a.] : Elsevier
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Adaptive extended Kalman filter
subject: Denoising
subject: Neural Network
subject: Robustness
subject: stability metric
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::670 | Industrielle und handwerkliche Fertigung

description: In the field of industry 4.0 the number of sensors increases steadily. The sensor data is often used for system observation and estimation of the system parameters. Typically, Kalman filtering is used for determination of the internal system parameters. Their accuracy and robustness depends on the system knowledge, which is described by differential equations. We propose a self-configurable filter (FNN-EKF) which estimates the internal system behavior without knowledge of the differential equations and the noise power. Our filter is based on Kalman filtering with a constantly adapting neural network for state estimation. Applications are denoising sensor data or time series. Several bouncing ball simulations are realized to compare the estimation performance of the Extended Kalman Filter to the presented FNN-EKF.
A Neural-Network Based MPAS—Shallow Water Model and Its 4D-Var Data Assimilation System
Creators: name: Tian, Xiaoxu
name: Conibear, Luke
name: Steward, Jeffrey
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2023
Subjects: machine learning
data assimilation
4D-Var
neural network
MPAS-shallow water
global modeling

description: The technique of machine learning has been increasingly applied in numerical weather predictions. The aim of this study is to explore the application of a neural network in data assimilation by making use of the convenience in obtaining the tangent linear and adjoint (TL/AD) of a neural network (NN) and formulating a NN-based four-dimensional variational (4D-Var) DA system. A NN-based shallow water (SW) model is developed in this study. The NN model consists of three layers. The weights and biases in the NN-based SW model are trained with 60 years of hourly ERA5 geopotentials and wind field at 500 hPa as initial conditions and the corresponding 12-h forecasts by Model for Prediction Across Scales (MPAS)-SW, in total of 534,697 sets of samples. The 12-h forecasts from independent dates made by NN-based SW prove to closely emulate the simulations by the actual MPAS-SW model. This study further shows that the TL/AD of an NN model can be easily developed and validated. The ease of obtaining the TL/AD makes NN conveniently applicable in various aspects within a data assimilation (DA) system. To demonstrate such, a continuous 4D-Var DA system is also developed with the forward NN and its adjoint. To demonstrate the functionality of the NN-based 4D-Var DA system, the results from a higher resolution simulation will be treated as observations and assimilated to analyze the low resolution initial conditions. The forecasts starting from the analyzed initial conditions will be compared with those without assimilation to demonstrate improvements.