Macrostemum hyalinum F.J. Pictet 1836
Creators: name: França, Diogo
name: Paprocki, Henrique
name: Calor, Adolfo R.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Trichoptera
Hydropsychidae
Macrostemum
Macrostemum hyalinum

description: Macrostemum hyalinum (F.J. Pictet 1836)
Figs. 10, 11
Hydropsyche hyalina Pictet, F.J. 1836: 402, Plate [type locality: Indes Orientales; type lost (Hollier 2007); sex unknown] Macronema hyalinum (F.J. Pictet); Burmeister 1839: 916 [type locality; distribution]; Ulmer 1905b: 67, 68, 69, Plate 2 [wings; ♂]; Ulmer 1907a: 75, 76, Plate 3 [♂; wings]; Fischer 1963: 188 [bibliography, distribution]; Flint 1978: 389, 413, 416 [distribution, ♂, wings]
Macrostemum hyalinum (F.J. Pictet); Flint 1996: 412 [distribution]; Flint et al. 1999: 68 [taxonomic notes; distribution]; Marinoni & Almeida 2000: 286 [distribution]; Paprocki et al. 2004: 8 [distribution]; Hollier 2007: 53 [holotype situation]; Dumas et al. 2009: 358 [distribution]; Calor 2011: 321 [distribution]; Nogueira & Cabette 2011: 351 [distribution].
Macrostemum hyalinum can be diagnosed by the two longitudinal rows of setae near the medial region of abdominal segment X. Abdominal segment X varies from acuminate to truncate in lateral view. The phallotremal sclerite resembles that of Macrostemum digramma but does not have a pair of dorsal processes. The color pattern of the forewings is variable, each with the apical spot extending to the edge of the wing.
Synopsis. Adults pinned. Forewing mean length 9.9 mm (8.88–11.37 mm, n=63). Head with small medial carina, sometimes entirely black, sometimes black with yellow spots on genal region and warts or brown on dorsal and yellow on genal surfaces. Compound eyes brown. Scapes black, brown or yellow with ferruginous and golden setae. Maxillary palps entirely brown, yellow, or with both colors, covered by ferruginous and golden setae. Prothorax entire black or with brownish-yellow spot on each pleural surface. Meso- and metathorax black, brown or with both colors. Legs brownish-yellow. Tibial spur formula 2,4,4. Forewings dark, with hyaline marks, each with three distinct spots beginning near middle of posterior margin and extending toward apical area; apical spot sometimes extending around apical area; discoidal cell present; radial sector markedly expanded (Figs. 11 A–D).
Male genitalia. Abdominal segment IX, in lateral view, with anterior and posterior margins sinuous; posterior margin deeply notched, bordered by long setae above and below notch (Fig. 10 A–B); in dorsal view, with posterior margin bearing medial acuminate keel and long setae bordering right and left margins (Fig. 10 E). Segment X, in dorsal view, bilobed, each lobe apically rounded and with subapical wart (Fig. 10 E); in lateral view, ovoid to subtriangular, apically rounded or acuminate, with two longitudinal rows of short, subdorsal setae near mid-length (Figs. 10 A–B). Inferior appendages uniformly wide, each covered by small setae throughout its length, except with longer setae on dorsal surface; basal segment two to three times length of apical segment; apical segment straight and slightly clavate (Figs 10 A–B). Phallus arched; apex, in lateral view, subtruncate apically (Fig. 10 C); phallotremal sclerite without dorsal processes, bearing anterior margin concave and posterior margin with pair of large, rounded prominences (Fig. 10 D); phallotrema rounded, concave, apically positioned on posterior surface of phallus (Fig. 10 D).
Material examined. BRAZIL: Acre: Mâncio Lima, Parque Nacional da Serra do Divisor, Pé da Serra, Base IBAMA, Igarapé Amor, 5.viii.2007, Malaise, A.R. Calor leg., 3 males (alcohol; UFBA); same data except 4.iv.2007, 4 males (alcohol; UFBA); same data except 5.vi.2007, 5 males (alcohol; UFBA); Bahia: Camacan, RPPN Serra Bonita, Córrego Chuchuzeiro, 15º23’26.4’’S, 39º33’52.2’’W, 777 m, ix.2009, Malaise 3, A.R. Calor leg., 1 male (alcohol; UFBA); Palmeiras, Lavrinha, 12º35’3.97’’S, 41º34’32.30’’W, 944 m, 15.vii.2011, Malaise, A.M. Silva-Neto, 1 female (alcohol; UFBA); Pindaí, Umburanas, barragem entre Fazenda Paraíso e Fazenda Cachoeira, 14º25’26’’S, 42º33’45’’W, 924 m, 4.vi.2009, luz u.v./branca, A.R. Calor et al. leg., 1 male (pinned; UFBA); Sauípe, mata da sede, 16.x.2007, luz, A.R. Calor leg., 3 males (alcohol; UFBA); Wenceslau Guimarães, E.E.E. Wenceslau Guimarães, sede, Riacho Serra Grande, 13º35’43’’S, 39º43’12’’W, 7.x.2010, luz/bandeja, Calor et al. leg., 2 males (alcohol; UFBA); same data except 8.x.2010, 1 male (alcohol; UFBA); same data except 10.x.2010, 4 males, 1 female (alcohol; UFBA); Ceará: Ubajara, Córrego Murimbeca, 3º49’16.7’’S, 40º54’18.9’’W, 29.x.2011, luz/bandeja16, Gomes & Duarte leg., 1 male (alcohol; UFBA); Espírito Santo: Castelo, Parque Estadual do Forno Grande, afluente do Rio Caxixe, cachoeira, 20º31’6.5’’S, 41º5’11.8’’W, 1133 m, 30.iii.2011, L.L. Dumas, J.L. Nessimian leg., 1 male (alcohol; DZRJ 3430); Mato Grosso: Utiariti, Rio Papagaio, viii.1961, K. Lenko leg., 3 males (alcohol; MZSP); Pará: Rio Xingu, camp (3º39’S, 52º22’W), ca 60 km S. Altamira, x.1986, P. Spangler, O. Flint leg., 13 males, 4 females (pinned; MZSP); Paraná: Guaratuba, Estrada dos Castelhanos, ponte do Rio São João, 25º69’55’’S, 48º 55’48’’W, 280 m, 16.iii.2010, R. Cavichioli, O. Evangelista leg., 1 male (alcohol; DZRJ 3421); Paraíba: Mamanguape, Represa Caiana, 30.vii.2009, puçá, Calor & Lecci leg., 4 males, 5 females (pinned; UFBA); same data except 29.vii.2009, luz, 4 males (pinned; UFBA); Pernambuco: Bonito, Cachoeira Véu de Noiva, 3.viii.2009, Puçá, A.R. Calor leg., 1 male (pinned; UFBA); Rio de Janeiro: Angra dos Reis, Fazenda Japuhyba, 8.ix.1945, luz, L.T.F. leg., 6 males, 2 females (alcohol; MZSP); same data except 31.viii.1945, 2 males, 1 female (alcohol; MZSP); same data except 30.x.1945, 1 female (alcohol; MZSP); same data except 6.xi.1945, 1 male, 4 females (alcohol; MZSP; same data except 22.ix.1945, puçá diurno, 1 male (alcohol; MZSP); same data except, Rio Bracuí, 22º54’28.1’’S, 44º24’28.4’’W, 10.v.2002, J.L. Nessimian leg., 5 males (alcohol, DZRJ 1405); same data except 3 males (alcohol; DZRJ 1410); Casemiro de Abreu, Aldeia Velha, RPPN Fazenda Bom Retiro, 22º27’11.6’’S, 42º18’1.25’’W, 6.viii.2009, D.M. Takiya leg., 3 males, 1 female (alcohol; DZRJ 3425); Itatiaia, PN do Itatiaia, riacho de 1ª ordem (próx. A Fabrica de Chocolate), 22º27’11.56’’S, 44º36’15.01’’W, 13.iv.2007, L.L. Dumas, A.P.M. Santos, J.L. Nessimian, N. Ferreira Jr. leg., 1 male (alcohol; DZRJ 2098); Mangaratiba, Reserva Ecológica Rio das Pedras, Rio Grande, -22.992º, -44,105º, 17.viii.2002, J.L. Nessimian, N. Ferreira Jr. leg., 1 male (alcohol; DZRJ 1263); Rio de Janeiro, Jacarepaguá, Parque Estadual Pedra Branca, (mata), 26.x.2001, J.L. Nessimian, N. Ferreira Jr. leg., 1 male (alcohol; DZRJ 1211); São Paulo: Cananeia, Córrego Gruta, ii.2003, F.O. Roque leg., 1 male (alcohol; UFBA); Caraguatatuba, (Res. Flor. – 40 mi), 2.iv.1962, Lenko & Reichardt leg., 2 males (alcohol; MZSP); Jundiaí, Serra do Japi, 20.xii.2007, puçá, A.R. Calor leg., 8 males (pinned; UFBA); same data except córrego da Cachoeira Paraíso, 25.iv.2007, luz u.v./branca, L. Lecci, E. Nascimento leg., 5 males (pinned; UFBA); same data except trilha da Cachoeira Paraíso, riacho após 2ª represa, 23º14’33’’S, 46º57’3’’W, 1050 m, 12.iii.2008, luz u.v./branca, L.S. Lecci & E.A. Nascimento leg., 1 female (alcohol; UFBA); same data except 23.ii.2007; puçá, 1 female (pinned; UFBA); Luiz Antônio, Estação Ecológica do Jataí, 19.ii.2003, puçá, A.R. Calor, C.M.D. Santos leg., 1 male (pinned; UFBA); same data except x.2004, Malaise, E.A. Nascimento, G.A. Silveira, R.M. Silva leg., 1 male (alcohol; UFBA); Salesópolis, Estação Biológica Boracéia, 24–28.iii.2011, Malaise 1, D.C. Ament, R.I. E. Falaschi, P.R. Riccardi leg., 1 female (alcohol; UFBA); São Carlos, Córrego Canchim, 20.vii.2007, Malaise, F.O. Roque leg., 10 males, 135 females (alcohol; UFBA); São Sebastião, Serra do Mar, Rio das Pedras, 28.x.2005, luz, Calor, Silva, Silveira, Pinho leg., 1 male, 1 female (alcohol; UFBA).
Remarks. The type series of M. hyalinum was lost (Hollier 2007) and the type locality may have been wrongly described. According to F.J. Pictet (1836) this species is from “Indes orientales” but several authors (Burmeister 1839; Ulmer 1905b, 1907a, 1913) have reported this species from Brazil. Burmeister (1839) argued that Brazil is the type locality of M. hyalinum, even though F.J. Pictet described it from the East Indies. In addition, Ulmer (1905b, 1907a, 1913) indicated that Brazil is the locality of M. hyalinum. We did not find any work that collected M. hyalinum in the East Indies or that mentioned this place as the type locality. Thus, we state that M. hyalinum is found only in South America.
Distribution. Brazil (AC, BA, CE, ES, MT, PA, PB, PE, PR, RJ, SP), Colombia, Guyana, Peru and Venezuela.
description: Published as part of França, Diogo, Paprocki, Henrique & Calor, Adolfo R., 2013, The genus Macrostemum Kolenati 1859 (Trichoptera: Hydropsychidae) in the Neotropical Region: Description of two new species, taxonomic notes, distributional records and key to males, pp. 301-335 in Zootaxa 3716 (3) on pages 319-323, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3716.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/217687