cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The role of the P2X7 receptor in autoimmune glomerulonephritis and vasculitis
Creators: name: Prendecki, Maria
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2018

description: P2X7, an ionotropic receptor for extracellular ATP is expressed on immune cells including macrophages, dendritic cells and lymphocytes and is up-regulated on non-immune cells following injury. P2X7 is important in many biological processes including production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and both cell proliferation and death. Previous work by our laboratory and others has identified a potential role for P2X7 in the pathogenesis of glomerulonephritis (GN). However, studies of auto-immunity have generated conflicting results and existing lines of P2X7 knockout (KO) mice are incomplete with persistent splice variants. The aims of my project were to determine a role for P2X7 in the pathogenesis of GN and vasculitis and to investigate its importance at a cellular level in inflammatory responses of neutrophils and monocytes. My project includes the first description of a novel P2X7 knockout rat showing that it is a true knockout with no functional P2X7 protein expressed. Using bone marrow derived cells from the knockout rat I show that different cell types have a differential requirement for P2X7 to cleave active IL-1β, with dendritic cells but not macrophages able to cleave IL-1β via an ATP/P2X7 independent pathway in response to stimulation with LPS alone. I have also investigated the effect of P2X7 KO on 3 different experimental models of glomerulonephritis and vasculitis and show that P2X7 KO rats are not protected from disease severity or the generation of autoimmunity. I next used a small molecule P2X7 antagonist in one of these models, nephrotoxic nephritis, showing that it protected both wild type and P2X7 KO rats from disease, suggesting it may be mediating its actions via off target effects. I also investigated the potential role for P2X7 in human anti-neutrophil cytoplasm antibody (ANCA) associated vasculitis (AAV). I show that human neutrophils express functional P2X7 on the cell surface; this is a particularly interesting finding as this is a controversial area with previously conflicting results. P2X7 is up-regulated on neutrophils and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) in patients with active AAV compared to patients in remission or healthy controls. Neutrophils and PBMC can produce IL-1β in response to stimulation with MPO- 3 ANCA IgG and ATP. In patients with active AAV, P2X7 mRNA is present on infiltrating leucocytes in the glomeruli and interstitium in renal biopsy tissue. My data suggest that P2X7 is not a critical pathway in mediating glomerulonephritis and it is likely that the antagonist is acting via one or more off target effects. Further understanding of these mechanisms may lead to the identification of novel therapeutic targets and increase our understanding of the pathogenesis of glomerulonephritis and vasculitis.
NNLO corrections to 2-jet observables in electron-positron annihilation
Creators: name: Weinzierl, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I report on a numerical program, which can be used to calculate any infra-red safe two-jet observable in electron-positron annihilation to next-to-next-to-leading order in the strong coupling constant alpha_s. The calculation is based on the subtraction method. The result for the two-jet cross section is compared to the literature.
description: 16 pages, version to be published
Transfer layer formation of high performance polymers, polymer blends and polymer composites
Creators: name: Jean-Fulcrand, Annelise
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2018

description: Polymers and polymer-based composites have previously been used for tribological applications in systems where lubricants are deemed unfit. However, one of the main challenges faced by polymer-based components over the years, is their narrow operating temperature range and their poor resistance to frictional heating. In this work, the performance of two high performance polymers: Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) and Polybenzimidazole (PBI) were evaluated under high temperature and various test conditions. The poor perfor- mance of PEEK composites at temperature above 260 ◦C and the poor processability of PBI are pushing the need for new composites. For this reason, PEEK-PBI blend (TU60) and PEEK-PBI-CF composite (TL60) were investigated for tribological applications. In this thesis, the frictional heating generated during rubbing for the various polymers was studied using a in-situ IR thermography. The validity of this technique was compared to a temperature prediction model. The temperature distribution inside the contact was compared to the tribological and material properties of the polymers. The effect of the transfer layer on the surface temperature was answered. In the present work, the formation of a transfer layer at the tribological interface is of particular interest. This layer is often associated to desirable tribological performance. The formation and degradation mechanism of the transfer layer was analysed using sev- eral surface characterisation techniques such as Scanning electron microscopy combined with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX), Fourier-transform infrared spec- troscopy (FTIR), Atomic force microscopy (AFM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) to understand the formation mechanism and chemical composition of this transfer layer. The results show the excellent tribological performance of PBI and PBI-PEEK compos- ites under high operating temperatures. In all cases, the formation of a polymeric transfer layer on the steel countersurface was observed. It is demonstrated that frictional heating influences the formation of the transfer layer and that shear stress is the major factor affecting its chemical degradation. Although PEEK and PBI have previously been studied, this work has contributed to access the potential of PBI, PEEK-PBI blends and composites at high operating tempera- ture. This thesis shows encouraging results to further the research on PBI and PBI-based polymers for tribological applications.
Κατηγοριοποίηση βιοϊατρικών εικόνων με βάση τα χαρακτηριστικά κειμένου
Creators: name: Αμανατιάδης, Βασίλειος Δημητρίου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2018
Subjects: Μηχανική Μάθηση
Ταξινόμηση πολλαπλών κλάσεων
Ταξινόμηση πολλαπλών ετικετών
Machine Learning
Multiclass classification
Multilabel classification

description: Οι εικόνες στην βιοϊατρική βιβλιογραφία φέρουν σημαντική πληροφορία. Οι βιοϊατρικές εικόνες είναι χρήσιμες για μία πληθώρα από σκοπούς, όπως είναι η έρευνα, η εκπαίδευση και η υποβοήθηση της λήψης ιατρικών αποφάσεων. Δεδομένου του συνεχώς αυξανόμενου όγκου των επιστημονικών ανακαλύψεων, η εύρεση των σχετικών εικόνων για μία συγκεκριμένη αναζήτηση καθίσταται ολοένα και πιο δύσκολη. Προκειμένου να αντιμετωπιστεί αυτό το πρόβλημα, έχουν προταθεί και αξιολογηθεί στον τομέα των βιοϊατρικών δημοσιεύσεων διάφορες προσεγγίσεις για την ταξινόμηση και την ανάκτηση εικόνων, είτε με βάση το κείμενο που τις συνοδεύει, είτε με βάση το οπτικό περιεχόμενο τους, είτε με συνδυασμό του κειμένου και του οπτικού περιεχομένου. Στην παρούσα διπλωματική εργασία αξιολογούνται πειραματικά τέσσερις προσεγγίσεις με βάση το κείμενο (text-based) για την ταξινόμηση βιοϊατρικών εικόνων, που λειτουργούν ανεξάρτητα με το εάν μία εικόνα είναι απλή ή σύνθετη. Μαζί με την τυπική προσέγγιση τις βιβλιογραφίας που διαχωρίζει τις σύνθετες εικόνες στις υποεικόνες που την αποτελούν και χρησιμοποιεί μόνο την ταξινόμηση πολλάπλών κλάσεων, αξιολογούνται πειραματικά ακόμη τρεις προσεγγίσεις που χρησιμοποιούν την ταξινόμηση πολλαπλών ετικετών
description: Images carry essential information in biomedical literature. Biomedical images are useful for a variety of tasks, such as research, education and medical decision making. Taking into account the increasing volume of scientific discoveries, the filtering of relevant images for a specific task becomes more and more difficult. Trying to address this problem, a variety of approaches for image classification and retrieval have been proposed and evaluated in the domain of biomedical publications. These approaches are either based on the text that is relevant to images, or the visual content of the images, or the combination of text and visual features (multimodal approaches). In this thesis, four text-based approaches are experimentally evaluated for the biomedical images classification, which are designed to work regardless the fact whether an image is compound or not. Along with the standard approach coming from the literature (which separates the compound figures into subfigures), three more approaches that use multi-label classification models are evaluated experimentally
Ringvorlesung „Differenz, Ungleichheit, Diskriminierung & Diversity? Wege zu einer gerechten Hochschule”
Creators: name: Bollweg, Petra
name: Gottuck, Susanne
name: Graff, Ulrike
Publisher: name: IZGOnZeit. Onlinezeitschrift des Interdisziplinären Zentrums für Geschlechterforschung (IZG)
Year: 2014

description: IZGOnZeit. Onlinezeitschrift des Interdisziplinären Zentrums für Geschlechterforschung (IZG), IFFOnZeit Nr. 3 (2014)
Symmetric and asymmetric states in mesoscopic superconducting wire in voltage driven regime
Creators: name: Vodolazov, D. Y.
name: Peeters, F. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The response of a mesoscopic homogeneous superconducting wire, connected with bulk normal metal reservoirs, is theoretically investigated as function of the applied voltage. The finite relaxation length of the nonequilibrium quasiparticle distribution function $\bar{L_E}$ is included where we assumed that our wire is in the dirty limit. We found that {\it both} symmetric and asymmetric states can exist which are characterized by a stationary symmetric and asymmetric distribution of the order parameter with respect to the center of the wire. Current voltage characteristics of the wire with length $L>\bar{L_E}$ being in the symmetric state show a pronounced S-behavior. The asymmetric state may exist only for voltages larger than some critical value and coexist with the symmetric state in a finite voltage interval. For wires with $L \sim \bar{L_E}$ the asymmetric state survives up to higher values of the voltage than the symmetric one and may exist both in the voltage and the current driven regimes. We propose an experiment to observe reversible switching between those stationary symmetric and asymmetric states.
description: 8 pages, 12 figures
Η κατ’ άρθρ. 23 § 2 περ. α’ Ν. 4139/2013 διακίνηση ναρκωτικών ουσιών Ουσιαστική προσέγγιση – Δικονομικές όψεις – Μεταχείριση εξαρτημένων διακινητών
Creators: name: Περβίζος, Τριαντάφυλλος Φωτίου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2018
Subjects: κατ’ επάγγελμα διακίνηση ναρκωτικών
προσδοκώμενο όφελος άνω των 75.000 €
άρθρο 23 § 2 περ. α’ Ν. 4139/2013
professional drug trafficking
expected benefit over € 75.000
article 23 (2) (a) of act 4139/2013

description: Στην παρούσα μελέτη με τίτλο «Η κατ’ άρθρ. 23 § 2 περ. α’ Ν. 4139/2013 δια-κίνηση ναρκωτικών ουσιών» εξετάζεται η ιδιαιτέρως διακεκριμένη περίπτωση της κατ’ επάγγελμα διακίνησης ναρκωτικών ουσιών με προσδοκώμενο όφε-λος άνω των 75.000 €. Η εργασία διαρθρώνεται σε τρεις επιμέρους ενότητες, στις οποίες μελετώνται διαδοχικά ζητήματα ουσιαστικού και δικονομικού δικαί-ου καθώς και θέματα μεταχείρισης εξαρτημένων (μεγαλο)διακινητών. Επιχει-ρείται ένας διαρκής και συχνά αντιπαραθετικός διάλογος μεταξύ της θεωρίας και της πρόσφατης νομολογίας (: 2013-2017), κυρίως του Αρείου Πάγου, ώ-στε να καταδειχθούν τόσο οι ιδιαιτερότητες της νέας ρύθμισης και οι δυσκολίες που εντοπίζονται κατά την εφαρμογή της, όσο και οι διαφοροποιήσεις της σε σχέση με το προϊσχύσαν νομοθετικό καθεστώς
description: This thesis, entitled “Drug trafficking under article 23 (2) (a) of act 4139/2013”, examines the offence of drug trafficking under the aggravating circumstance of acting professionally with the expectation of making a profit over € 75,000. It is divided into three parts: aspects of substantive law, aspects of procedural law and the legal approach of addicted drug dealers. The thesis undertakes a comparative analysis of legal theory and Supreme Court case law with a view to underscoring the specificities of the new provision and the difficulties in its application as well as the differences in relation to the previous legal framework
description: Σε συνεργασία με Πανεπιστήμιο Λευκωσίας (Κύπρος)
The evaluation of the bachelor of nursing science curriculum, Faculty of Nursing, Srinakharinwirot University
Creators: name: Wanphen Rakpuangchon, Chadaporn Wattanawilai
Publisher: name: Faculty of Medicine,Srinakharinwirot University
Year: 2006
Subjects: Curriculum evaluation / Bachelor nursing graduates

description: 1, 13, Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences
Ethnographische Forschung zu Pädagogik und Geschlecht. Ein Tagungsbericht
Creators: name: Johann, Nikolas
Publisher: name: IZGOnZeit. Onlinezeitschrift des Interdisziplinären Zentrums für Geschlechterforschung (IZG)
Year: 2014

description: IZGOnZeit. Onlinezeitschrift des Interdisziplinären Zentrums für Geschlechterforschung (IZG), IFFOnZeit Nr. 3 (2014)
Nutritional status of students in Ongkharak district, Nakhon Nayok province according to age groups and gender : Cross sectional study
Creators: name: Kittipong Kongsomboon, Nattakarn Wongjitrat
Publisher: name: Faculty of Medicine,Srinakharinwirot University
Year: 2006
Subjects: nutritional status , underweight , risk of overweight , overweight

description: 2, 13, Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences
Hints of Gravitational Ergodicity: Berry's Ensemble and the Universality of the Semi-Classical Page Curve
Creators: name: Krishnan, Chethan
name: Mohan, Vyshnav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent developments on black holes have shown that a unitarity-compatible Page curve can be obtained from an ensemble-averaged semi-classical approximation. In this paper, we emphasize (1) that this peculiar manifestation of unitarity is not specific to black holes, and (2) that it can emerge from a single realization of an underlying unitary theory. To make things explicit, we consider a hard sphere gas leaking slowly from a small box into a bigger box. This is a quantum chaotic system in which we expect to see the Page curve in the full unitary description, while semi-classically, eigenstates are expected to behave as though they live in Berry's ensemble. We reproduce the unitarity-compatible Page curve of this system, semi-classically. The computation has structural parallels to replica wormholes, relies crucially on ensemble averaging at each epoch, and reveals the interplay between the multiple time-scales in the problem. Working with the ensemble averaged $state$ rather than the entanglement entropy, we can also engineer an information "paradox". Our system provides a concrete example in which the ensemble underlying the semi-classical Page curve is an ergodic proxy for a time average, and not an explicit average over many theories. The questions we address here are logically independent of the existence of horizons, so we expect that semi-classical gravity should also be viewed in a similar light.
description: v2 became the JHEP version, but v3 fixes a typo, contains improved discussions in a few places, and has two new appendices that derive the results under slightly weaker assumptions. 35 pp
Auftaktworkshop zu Genderkompetenz der AG „G.i.L. – Gender in die Lehre”
Creators: name: Banihaschemi, Susan
name: Richter, Susanne
Publisher: name: IZGOnZeit. Onlinezeitschrift des Interdisziplinären Zentrums für Geschlechterforschung (IZG)
Year: 2014

description: IZGOnZeit. Onlinezeitschrift des Interdisziplinären Zentrums für Geschlechterforschung (IZG), IFFOnZeit Nr. 3 (2014)
High-Power Ultrafast LaSErs using tapered double-clad fibre
Creators: name: Gumenyuk, Regina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: A breakthrough concept in high-power industrial lasers. Laser technology continues to have an almost unlimited number of applications. Following widespread developments using continuous-wave lasers, breakthroughs in high-power short-pulsed lasers were recently recognised by the Nobel Prize in Physics 2018 to Gérard Mourou and Donna Strickland for their method of generating high-intensity, ultra-short optical pulses. Although, a relatively short time ago, the femtosecond laser was a tool consigned to the laboratory; now these systems have developed the reliability necessary for use in industry. Ultrafast pulsed lasers have seen exponential growth with the number of filed patents increasing five-fold from
 about 100 to 500 per year (Mottay, 2013). Several advanced niche applications have benefited from fs-laser processing including in photonics (Misawa and Juodkazis, 2006), microelectronics (Rizvi, Karnakis and Gower, 2001), MEMS (Bellouard, 2011) and many other markets.
Materials of the Berkeley Chamikuro Documentation Project
Creators: name: Inuma Orbe, Antonio
name: Patow Chota, Alfonso
name: Beier, Christine
name: Michael, Lev
name: O'Hagan, Zachary
name: Homan, Joshua
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2024

description: Sound recordings of elicitation sessions, scanned field notes, Arawakan comparative list data, field report.
5-Dimensional Difficulties of Gauge-Higgs Unifications
Creators: name: Grzadkowski, Bohdan
name: Wudka, Jose
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider 5 dimensional gauge theories where the 5th direction is compactified on the orbifold S^1/Z_2, and where the 5th components of the gauge bosons play the role of the Standard Model Higgs boson (gauge-Higgs unification). The gauge symmetry breaking is realized through the appropriate orbifold boundary conditions and through the Hosotani mechanism. We show that for {\em any such theory} the assumption that the low-energy vector-boson spectrum consists of the W^\pm, Z and γonly, is inconsistent with the experimental requirements \sin^2θ_W\simeq 1/4 and ρ\equiv m_W^2/(m_Z^2\cos^2θ_w)=1.
description: some wording modified
Using Transformer based Ensemble Learning to classify Scientific Articles
Creators: name: Ghosh, Sohom
name: Chopra, Ankush
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Many time reviewers fail to appreciate novel ideas of a researcher and provide generic feedback. Thus, proper assignment of reviewers based on their area of expertise is necessary. Moreover, reading each and every paper from end-to-end for assigning it to a reviewer is a tedious task. In this paper, we describe a system which our team FideLIPI submitted in the shared task of SDPRA-2021 [14]. It comprises four independent sub-systems capable of classifying abstracts of scientific literature to one of the given seven classes. The first one is a RoBERTa [10] based model built over these abstracts. Adding topic models / Latent dirichlet allocation (LDA) [2] based features to the first model results in the second sub-system. The third one is a sentence level RoBERTa [10] model. The fourth one is a Logistic Regression model built using Term Frequency Inverse Document Frequency (TF-IDF) features. We ensemble predictions of these four sub-systems using majority voting to develop the final system which gives a F1 score of 0.93 on the test and validation set. This outperforms the existing State Of The Art (SOTA) model SciBERT's [1] in terms of F1 score on the validation set.Our codebase is available at https://github.com/SDPRA-2021/shared-task/tree/main/FideLIPI
description: 8 pages, 3 tables, 1 figure, Trends and Applications in Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining. PAKDD 2021. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Springer
Depression of secondary school students in Ongkharak district , Nakhon Nayok province according to nutritional status, age groups and gender : Cross sectional study
Creators: name: Kittipong Kongsomboon, Somboon Chansakulporn
Publisher: name: Faculty of Medicine,Srinakharinwirot University
Year: 2006
Subjects: depression, overweight, body mass index, secondary school student

description: 2, 13, Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences
Heavy-strange meson molecules and possible candidates $D^*_{s0}(2317)$, $D_{s1}(2460)$, and $X_0(2900)$
Creators: name: Kong, Shu-Yi
name: Zhu, Jun-Tao
name: Song, Dan
name: He, Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we systematically investigate the heavy-strange meson systems, $D^{(*)}K^{(*)}/\bar{B}^{(*)}K^{(*)}$ and $\bar{D}^{(*)}K^{(*)}/B^{(*)}K^{(*)}$, to study possible molecules in a quasipotenial Bethe-Salpter equation approach together with the one-boson exchange model. The potential is achieved with the help of the hidden-gauge Lagrangians. Molecular states are found from all six $S$-wave isoscalar interactions of $D^{(*)}K^{(*)}$ or $\bar{B}^{(*)}K^{(*)}$. The charmed-strange mesons $D^*_{s0}(2317)$ and $D_{s1}(2460)$ can be related to the ${D}K$ and $D^*K$ states with spin parities $0^+$ and $1^+$, respectively. In the current model, the $\bar{B}K^*$ molecular state with $1^+$ is the best candidate of the recent observed $B_{sJ}(6158)$. Four molecular states are produced from the interactions of $\bar{D}^{(*)}K^{(*)}$ or $B^{(*)}K^{(*)}$. The relation between the $\bar{D}^*{K}^*$ molecular state with $0^+$ and the $X_0(2900)$ is also discussed. No isovector molecular states are found from the interactions considered. The current results are helpful to understand the internal structure of $D^*_{s0}(2317)$, $D_{s1}(2460)$, $X_0(2900)$, and new $B_{sJ}$ states. The experimental research for more heavy-strange meson molecules is suggested.
description: 8 pages,5 figure
Promovieren – Ja? Nein? Vielleicht? Karrierevorstellungen von Studierenden der Gesundheitswissenschaften aus der Geschlechterperspektive
Creators: name: Klärs, Gabriele
Publisher: name: IZGOnZeit. Onlinezeitschrift des Interdisziplinären Zentrums für Geschlechterforschung (IZG)
Year: 2014

description: IZGOnZeit. Onlinezeitschrift des Interdisziplinären Zentrums für Geschlechterforschung (IZG), IFFOnZeit Nr. 3 (2014)
Re-Akkreditierung und Weiterentwicklung des Masterstudiengangs Gender Studies
Creators: name: Richter, Susanne
Publisher: name: IZGOnZeit. Onlinezeitschrift des Interdisziplinären Zentrums für Geschlechterforschung (IZG)
Year: 2014

description: IZGOnZeit. Onlinezeitschrift des Interdisziplinären Zentrums für Geschlechterforschung (IZG), IFFOnZeit Nr. 3 (2014)
MnAs dots grown on GaN(0001)-(1x1) surface
Creators: name: Kowalik, I. A.
name: Kowalski, B. J.
name: Iwanowski, R. J.
name: Kopalko, K.
name: Łusakowska, E.
name: Sawicki, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: MnAs has been grown by means of MBE on the GaN(0001)-(1x1) surface. Two options of initiating the crystal growth were applied: (a) a regular MBE procedure (manganese and arsenic were delivered simultaneously) and (b) subsequent deposition of manganese and arsenic layers. It was shown that spontaneous formation of MnAs dots with the surface density of 1$\cdot 10^{11}$ cm$^{-2}$ and $2.5\cdot 10^{11}$ cm$^{-2}$, respectively (as observed by AFM), occurred for the layer thickness higher than 5 ML. Electronic structure of the MnAs/GaN systems was studied by resonant photoemission spectroscopy. That led to determination of the Mn 3d - related contribution to the total density of states (DOS) distribution of MnAs. It has been proven that the electronic structures of the MnAs dots grown by the two procedures differ markedly. One corresponds to metallic, ferromagnetic NiAs-type MnAs, the other is similar to that reported for half-metallic zinc-blende MnAs. Both system behave superparamagnetically (as revealed by magnetization measurements), but with both the blocking temperatures and the intra-dot Curie temperatures substantially different. The intra-dot Curie temperature is about 260 K for the former system while markedly higher than room temperature for the latter one. Relations between growth process, electronic structure and other properties of the studied systems are discussed. Possible mechanisms of half-metallic MnAs formation on GaN are considered.
description: 20+ pages, 8 figures
Estimations of orbital parameters of exoplanets from transit photometry by using dynamical constraints
Creators: name: Sandor, Zsolt
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The probability of the detection of Earth-like exoplanets may increase in the near future after the launch of the space missions using the transit photometry as observation method. By using this technique only the semi-major axis of the detected planet can be determined, and there will be no information on the upper limit of its orbital eccentricity. However, the orbital eccentricity is a very important parameter, not only from a dynamical point of view, since it gives also information on the climate and the habitability of the Earth-like planets. In this paper a possible procedure is suggested for confining the eccentricity of an exoplanet discovered by transit photometry if an already known giant planet orbits also in the system.
description: 16 pages, 10 figures, accepted for Cel. Mech. Dyn. Astron
Search for Cold Debris Disks around M-dwarfs
Creators: name: Lestrade, J. -F.
name: Wyatt, M. C.
name: Bertoldi, F.
name: Dent, W. R. F.
name: Menten, K. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Debris disks are believed to be related to planetesimals left over around stars after planet formation has ceased. The frequency of debris disks around M-dwarfs which account for 70% of the stars in the Galaxy is unknown while constrains have already been found for A- to K-type stars. We have searched for cold debris disks around 32 field M-dwarfs by conducting observations at lambda = 850 microns with the SCUBA bolometerarray camera at the JCMT and at lambda = 1.2mm with the MAMBO array at the IRAM 30-m telescopes. This is the first survey of a large sample of M-dwarfs conducted to provide statistical constraints on debris disks around this type of stars. We have detected a new debris disk around the M0.5 dwarf GJ842.2 at lambda = 850 microns, providing evidence for cold dust at large distance from this star (~ 300AU). By combining the results of our survey with the ones of Liu et al. (2004), we estimate for the first time the detection rate of cold debris disks around field M-dwarfs with ages between 20 and 200 Myr. This detection rate is 13^{+6}_{-8} % and is consistent with the detection rate of cold debris disks (9 - 23 %) around A- to K-type main sequence stars of the same age. This is an indication that cold disks may be equally prevalent across stellar spectral types.
description: A&A accepted on 15 september 2006
Tidal dissipation in rotating solar-type stars
Creators: name: Ogilvie, G. I.
name: Lin, D. N. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the excitation and dissipation of low-frequency tidal oscillations in uniformly rotating solar-type stars. For tidal frequencies smaller than twice the spin frequency, inertial waves are excited in the convective envelope and are dissipated by turbulent viscosity. Enhanced dissipation occurs over the entire frequency range rather than in a series of very narrow resonant peaks, and is relatively insensitive to the effective viscosity. Hough waves are excited at the base of the convective zone and propagate into the radiative interior. We calculate the associated dissipation rate under the assumption that they do not reflect coherently from the center of the star. Tidal dissipation in a model based on the present Sun is significantly enhanced through the inclusion of the Coriolis force but may still fall short of that required to explain the circularization of close binary stars. However, the dependence of the results on the spin frequency, tidal frequency, and stellar model indicate that a more detailed evolutionary study including inertial and Hough waves is required. We also discuss the case of higher tidal frequencies appropriate to stars with very close planetary companions. The survival of even the closest hot Jupiters can be plausibly explained provided that the Hough waves they generate are not damped at the center of the star. We argue that this is the case because the tide excited by a hot Jupiter in the present Sun would marginally fail to achieve nonlinearity. As conditions at the center of the star evolve, nonlinearity may set in at a critical age, resulting in a relatively rapid inspiral of the hot Jupiter.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures, to be published in Astrophys. J
Effect of chronic administration of B2 adrenoceptor agonists on airway responsiveness in guiner pigs
Creators: name: Wang, Zhonglin
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: We tested the hypothesis that regular inhaled ß₂ adrenergic receptor (ß₂AR) agonist administration increases airway responsiveness in guinea pigs. Fenoterol hydrobromide, in sub-laryngeal doses equivalent to human therapeutic doses on a weight basis (5.281ɥg/kg), was administered by nebulizer three times a day for six weeks to normal adolescent guinea pigs (FEN, n=10), and to ovalbumin sensitized guinea pigs during the process of induction of allergic airway hyperresponsiveness to ovalbumin and throughout subsequent repeated antigen challenge periods (OA+FEN, n=20). Controls included saline-treated normal animals (CON, n10) and ovalbumin-sensitized animals treated with repeated antigen challenge and saline (OA, n=20). Bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) was administered to all guinea pigs repeatedly to detect airway wall tissue proliferation. Pulmonary resistance (RL) versus nebulized acetyicholine (ACh) was recorded. Small airway dimensions were measured. Area fractions of cell nuclei and BrdU positive nuclei in small airway were measured. BrdU-incorporated DNA from lung was extracted and quantified by slot blot. RLmax increased 2-fold and the ACh concentration causing a 10-fold increase in RL (PC 10) decreased 4-fold, in FEN, OA, and OA+FEN groups compared to the CON group. In the FEN, OA and OA+FEN groups, in vitro tracheal smooth muscle contractile responses to maximal concentrations of acetyicholine increased 2-fold and this increase was not due to increased smooth muscle mass (cross-sectional muscle area). There was no evidence for ß₂AR desensitization as judged by in vitro tracheal smooth muscle relaxant responses to fenoterol. The outer wall areas were significantly increased in FEN, OA and OA+FEN compared with CON. Although the inner wall area was not increased, the smooth muscle proliferation index was increased following OA, but not FEN and there was an increased number of BrdU positive granulocytes in the epithelium and adventitial layers following OA. Increased BrdU incorporation into DNA following OA was detected on slot blot. There was no difference in the proliferation index of epithelial cells between control and FEN or OA-treated groups. These results suggest that chronic32AR stimulation increases airway smooth muscle contractility and in vivo airways responsiveness to a degree similar to that induced by chronic antigen exposure. Although no evidence was obtained in support of a fenoterol-induced inflammatory cell influx or proliferative stimulus, the increased outer wall area, by altering the interrelationships between airway geometry and airway-parenchymal interdependence, may contribute to the excessive airway narrowing induced by fenoterol.
Correlation functions of the open XXZ chain II
Creators: name: Kitanine, N.
name: Kozlowski, K.
name: Maillet, J. M.
name: Niccoli, G.
name: Slavnov, N. A.
name: Terras, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive compact multiple integral formulas for several physical spin correlation functions in the semi-infinite XXZ chain with a longitudinal boundary magnetic field. Our formulas follow from several effective re-summations of the multiple integral representation for the elementary blocks obtained in our previous article (I). In the free fermion point we compute the local magnetization as well as the density of energy profiles. These quantities, in addition to their bulk behavior, exhibit Friedel type oscillations induced by the boundary; their amplitudes depend on the boundary magnetic field and decay algebraically in terms of the distance to the boundary.
description: 38 pages
Ground-Based CCD Astrometry with Wide Field Imagers. I. [Observations just a few years apart allow decontamination of field objects from members in two Globular clusters.]
Creators: name: Anderson, Jay
name: Bedin, Luigi R.
name: Piotto, Giampaolo
name: Yadav, Ramakant Singh
name: Bellini, Andrea
name: .
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper is the first of a series of papers in which we will apply the methods we have developed for high-precision astrometry (and photometry) with the Hubble Space Telescope to the case of wide-field ground-based images. In particular, we adapt the software originally developed for WFPC2 to ground-based, wide field images from the WFI at the ESO 2.2m telescope. In this paper, we describe in details the new software, we characterize the WFI geometric distortion, discuss the adopted local transformation approach for proper-motion measurements, and apply the new technique to two-epoch archive data of the two closest Galactic globular clusters: NGC 6121 (M4) and NGC 6397. The results of this exercise are more than encouraging. We find that we can achieve a precision of ~7 mas (in each coordinate) in a single exposure for a well-exposed star, which allows a very good cluster-field separation in both M4, and NGC 6397, with a temporal baseline of only 2.8, and 3.1 years, respectively.
description: 1 pages, 17 figures, 1 table. Accepted for publication in A&A, on April 15 2006. For high resolution version: http://www.eso.org/~lbedin/WFI_method/ms.ps.gz
The Arches Cluster Mass Function
Creators: name: Kim, Sungsoo S.
name: Figer, Donald F.
name: Kudritzki, Rolf P.
name: Najarro, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have analyzed H and K_s-band images of the Arches cluster obtained using the NIRC2 instrument on Keck with the laser guide star adaptive optics (LGS AO) system. With the help of the LGS AO system, we were able to obtain the deepest ever photometry for this cluster and its neighborhood, and derive the background-subtracted present-day mass function (PDMF) down to 1.3 Msun for the 5 arcsec-9 arcsec annulus of the cluster. We find that the previously reported turnover at 6 Msun is simply due to a local bump in the mass function (MF), and that the MF continues to increase down to our 50 % completeness limit (1.3 Msun) with a power-law exponent of Gamma = -0.91 for the mass range of 1.3 < M/Msun < 50. Our numerical calculations for the evolution of the Arches cluster show that the Gamma values for our annulus increase by 0.1-0.2 during the lifetime of the cluster, and thus suggest that the Arches cluster initially had Gamma of -1.0 ~ -1.1, which is only slightly shallower than the Salpeter value.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJL
Memory difference control of unknown unstable fixed points: Drifting parameter conditions and delayed measurement
Creators: name: Claussen, Jens Christian
name: Mausbach, Thorsten
name: Piel, Alexander
name: Schuster, Heinz Georg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Difference control schemes for controlling unstable fixed points become important if the exact position of the fixed point is unavailable or moving due to drifting parameters. We propose a memory difference control method for stabilization of a priori unknown unstable fixed points by introducing a memory term. If the amplitude of the control applied in the previous time step is added to the present control signal, fixed points with arbitrary Lyapunov numbers can be controlled. This method is also extended to compensate arbitrary time steps of measurement delay. We show that our method stabilizes orbits of the Chua circuit where ordinary difference control fails.
description: 5 pages, 8 figures. See also chao-dyn/9810029 (Phys. Rev. E 70, 056225) and nlin.CD/0204031 (Phys. Rev. E 70, 046205)
Fourfold degenerate columnar-dimer ground state in square lattice antiferromagnets
Creators: name: Kumar, Rakesh
name: Kumar, Brijesh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct and study two frustrated quantum spin-1/2 models on square lattice, which are like the antiferromagnetic $J_1$-$J_2$ model with some additional four-spin exchange interactions. These models admit an exactly solvable case in which the ground state consists of four degenerate columnar-dimer singlet (CDS) configurations. Away from the exact case, we employ bond-operator mean-field theory to investigate the evolution of the ground state by varying the interaction parameters. The mean-field calculation reveals a quantum phase diagram in which the CDS phase undergoes a continuous phase transition to either Néel or collinear ordered antiferromagnetic phases.
description: revtex4, 16 eps files; total 10 pages; accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. B
Endpoint singularities in unintegrated parton distributions
Creators: name: Hautmann, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the singular behavior from the endpoint region x -> 1 in parton distributions unintegrated in both longitudinal and transverse momenta. We identify and regularize the singularities by using the subtraction method, and compare this with the cut-off regularization method. The counterterms for the distributions with subtractive regularization are given in coordinate space by compact all-order expressions in terms of eikonal-line operators. We carry out an explicit calculation at one loop for the unintegrated quark distribution. We discuss the relation of the unintegrated parton distributions in subtractive regularization with the ordinary parton distributions.
Spatial heterogeneity in 3D-2D dimensional reduction
Creators: name: Babadjian, Jean-Francois
name: Francfort, Gilles A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 49J45; 74B20; 74G65; 74K15; 74K35

description: A justification of heterogeneous membrane models as zero-thickness limits of a cylindral three-dimensional heterogeneous nonlinear hyperelastic body is proposed in the spirit of Le Dret & Raoult. Specific characterizations of the 2D elastic energy are produced. As a generalization of Bouchitté, Fonseca & Mascarenhas, the case where external loads induce a density of bending moment that produces a Cosserat vector field is also investigated. Throughout, the 3D-2D dimensional reduction is viewed as a problem of $Γ$-convergence of the elastic energy, as the thickness tends to zero.
description: 22 pages
AN(N)O 2015. Aktuelle Normative Orientierungen, Geschlechteridentitäten und Berufswahlentscheidungen junger Frauen
Creators: name: Plößer, Melanie
name: Micus-Loos, Christiane
Publisher: name: IZGOnZeit. Onlinezeitschrift des Interdisziplinären Zentrums für Geschlechterforschung (IZG)
Year: 2014

description: IZGOnZeit. Onlinezeitschrift des Interdisziplinären Zentrums für Geschlechterforschung (IZG), IFFOnZeit Nr. 3 (2014)
Fair games: nineteenth century cultural philanthropy in Chicago and the shaping of American anthropology
Creators: name: Ayotte, Todd Robert Jacques
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Building on the Anthropological displays of Department M at the World’s Columbian Exposition of 1893, held in Chicago, the Field Columbian Museum began in a particularly advantaged position: through its connection with the fair, the museum amassed a comprehensive collection “representative” of Native American societies, established an affiliation with the anthropological community, and, most importantly, received financial and ideological support from local business and economic leaders. This relationship between the museum anthropologists and their financial backers — forming in effect what I call a “cultural alliance” — is the focus of this paper. Through a chronological exposition of the five year period associated with the project - from Mayor De Witt C. Creiger’s appeal in 1889 to secure the fair in Chicago, to the founding of the Field Columbian Museum in 1894 - this thesis explores the impetus behind this emerging alliance and its subsequent effect on both the anthropological and economic communities. Utilizing a specific model outlined in Pierre Bourdieu’s sociological study Distinction: A Social Criticrne of the Judgement of Taste, the project and its resulting association of financial backers and museum anthropologists is shown as central to the process of cultural “legitimization” — underlining a correlation between economic, educational and social “capital” (Bourdieu 1984:12-13). Although this “alliance” has been recognized for its role in the advancement of American anthropology — a discipline which relied heavily on funding from the private sector — this relationship must also be seen in terms of the status gains it provided for Chicago’s cultural philanthropists. Frederick Ward Putnam, Chief of Department M and promoter of the permanent museum, represented the academic front in this “cultural alliance.” His credentials provided the necessary educational “capital” to validate the project, and his institutional background fostered the development of the museum initiative. In direct contention with the fair’s blanket ideological program - mapping the “progress of civilization” from the time of Columbus’s “discovery” of America — Putnam sought to establish a new model for the display of Native American artifacts, distinct from the assimilationist/evolutionist model supported by the United States government. At the same time, this model helped to construct an autonomous “cultural” position for the philanthropists supporting Putnam. What is revealed is an exchange between the museum anthropologists and their benefactors, designed not only to reflect their wealth and power, but to serve a “legitimizing” function in the assertion of a new and competitive cultural elite.
Truncations of stellar disk and warps of HI-layers in edge-on spiral galaxies
Creators: name: van der Kruit, P. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Edge-on spiral galaxies often have stellar disks with relatively sharp truncations and warped HI-layers in the outer parts. Warps appear to start preferentially near the optical boundaries of the disks. Here we make a comparative study of warps and truncations in edge-on galaxies. The Garc\'ıa-Ruiz et al. (2002) sample with extensive HI-mapping is complemented with luminosity distributions from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. The method to identify truncations has been tested using the sample of edge-on galaxies of van der Kruit & Searle. Results are: (i.) The majority (17 out of 23) of the galaxies show evidence for truncations. (ii.) When an HI-warp is present it starts at 1.1 truncation radii. (iii.) This supplements the rules for warps formulated by Briggs (1990), if the Holmberg radius is replaced for edge-on systems with the truncation radius. (iv.) The truncation radius and the onset of the warps coincide radially with features in the rotation curve and the HI surface density. The latter is also true for less inclined systems. (v.) Inner disks are very flat and the onset of the warp just beyond the truncation radius is abrupt and discontinuous. These findings suggest that the inner flat disk and the outer warped disk are distinct components with quite different formation histories, probably involving quite different epochs. The inner disk forms initially and the warped outer disk forms as a result of much later infall of gas with a higher angular momentum in a different orientation. In an appendix the Holmberg radius is discussed. Contrary to what is often assumed Holmberg radii are not corrected for inclination.
description: Accepted for pubication by Astronomy & Astrophysics
Extended reduced-order surrogate models for scalar-tensor gravity in the strong field and applications to binary pulsars and gravitational waves
Creators: name: Guo, Minghao
name: Zhao, Junjie
name: Shao, Lijing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Statistically sound tests of scalar-tensor gravity theories in the strong-field regime usually involves computationally intensive calculations. In this study, we construct a reduced order surrogate model for the scalar-tensor gravity of Damour and Esposito-Farèse (DEF) with spontaneous scalarization phenomena developed for neutron stars (NSs). This model allows us to perform a rapid and comprehensive prediction of NS properties, including mass, radius, moment of inertia, effective scalar coupling, and two extra coupling parameters. We code the model in the pySTGROMX package, as an extension of our previous work, that speeds up the calculations at two and even three orders of magnitude and yet still keeps accuracy of $\sim1\%$. Using the model, we can calculate all the post-Keplerian parameters in the timing of binary pulsars conveniently, which provides a quick approach for us to place comprehensive constraints on the DEF theory. We perform Markov-chain Monte Carlo simulations with the model to constrain the parameters of the DEF theory with well-timed binary pulsars. Utilizing five NS-white dwarf and three NS-NS binaries, we obtain the most stringent constraints on the DEF theory up to now. Our work provides a public tool for quick evaluation of NSs' derived parameters to test gravity in the strong-field regime.
description: 15 pages, 11 figures, 2 tables; accepted by PRD
Rollenbilder in der Studien- und Berufswahl. Frauen für MINT gewinnen
Creators: name: Struwe, Ulrike
Publisher: name: IZGOnZeit. Onlinezeitschrift des Interdisziplinären Zentrums für Geschlechterforschung (IZG)
Year: 2014

description: IZGOnZeit. Onlinezeitschrift des Interdisziplinären Zentrums für Geschlechterforschung (IZG), IFFOnZeit Nr. 3 (2014)