cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Fingerprint of the Interbond Electron Hopping in Second-Order Harmonic Generation
Creators: name: Li, Liang
name: Huang, Tengfei
name: Lan, Pengfei
name: Zhang, Yinfu
name: Li, Jiapeng
name: Zhu, Xiaosong
name: He, Lixin
name: Cao, Wei
name: Lu, Peixiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We experimentally explore the fingerprint of the microscopic electron dynamics in second-order harmonic generation (SHG). It is shown that the interbond electron hopping induces a novel source of nonlinear polarization and plays an important role even when the driving laser intensity is 2 orders of magnitude lower than the characteristic atomic field. Our model predicts anomalous anisotropic structures of the SHG yield contributed by the interbond electron hopping, which is identified in our experiments with ZnO crystals. Moreover, a generalized second-order susceptibility with an explicit form is proposed, which provides a unified description in both the weak and strong field regimes. Our work reveals the nonlinear responses of materials at the electron scale and extends the nonlinear optics to a previously unexplored regime, where the nonlinearity related to the interbond electron hopping becomes dominant. It paves the way for realizing controllable nonlinearity on an ultrafast time scale.
Additional file 4 of Claims data analysis of medical specialist utilization among nursing home residents and community-dwelling older people
Creators: name: Schulz, Maike
name: Tsiasioti, Chrysanthi
name: Czwikla, Jonas
name: Schwinger, Antje
name: Gand, Daniel
name: Schmidt, Annika
name: Schmiemann, Guido
name: Wolf-Ostermann, Karin
name: Rothgang, Heinz
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 4. Stability analyses of the association between long-term care setting, level of long-term care, and medical specialist utilization (reference group: older people not in need of care).
Ochterus xustos Nieser & Chen 1992
Creators: name: Kment, Petr
name: Carapezza, Attilio
name: Jindra, Zdeněk
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Ochteridae
Ochterus
Ochterus xustos

description: Ochterus xustos Nieser & Chen, 1992
 Ochterus xustos Nieser & Chen, 1992: 12 ‒13 (description, differential diagnosis, illustration). HOLOTYPE:, Malaysia: Sabah: ʻJesselton, Sensuran road, mile 25, 4000 ft [= 1219 m a.s.l.]’ (RMNH).
 Ochterus xustos: NIESER & CHEN (1999): 90 –91 (key, illustration); CHEN et al. (2005): 413 (checklist).
  Distribution. Oriental Region:  Malaysia: Sabah (NIESER & CHEN 1992).
description: Published as part of Kment, Petr, Carapezza, Attilio & Jindra, Zdeněk, 2020, Taxonomic catalogue of the family Ochteridae with description of Ochterus papaceki sp. nov. from Socotra Island and Tanzania (Hemiptera: Heteroptera), pp. 23-64 in Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 60 (1) on page 48, DOI: 10.37520/aemnp.2020.003, http://zenodo.org/record/3879659
Der Erzengel Michael als Psychopompos
Creators: name: Meinardus, Otto F. A.
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 62 (1978): Oriens christianus, Band 62
Le commentaire d'Isaïe de Denys bar Ṣalībī
Creators: name: Samīr, Samīr Ḫalīl
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 62 (1978): Oriens christianus, Band 62
A least-squares Galerkin gradient recovery method for fully nonlinear elliptic equations
Creators: name: Lakkis, Omar
name: Mousavi, Amireh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65N30 (Primary), 65N50, 35Q31, 35Q93 (Secondary)

description: We propose a least squares Galerkin based gradient recovery to approximate Dirichlet problems for strong solutions of linear elliptic problems in nondivergence form and corresponding apriori and aposteriori error bounds. This approach is used to tackle fully nonlinear elliptic problems, e.g., Monge-Ampère, Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman, using the smooth (vanilla) and the semismooth Newton linearization. We discuss numerical results, including adaptive methods based on the aposteriori error indicators.
description: 9 pages, 8 graphs/pictures
Low-lying mode contribution to the quenched meson correlators in the epsilon-regime
Creators: name: Fukaya, Hidenori
name: Hashimoto, Shoji
name: Ogawa, Kenji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a quenched calculation of meson correlators with the overlap fermion at very small masses 2.6--13 MeV. In this region the pion Compton wavelength is larger than our lattice size L\simeq 1.23fm and the system is in the so-called epsilon-regime of chiral perturbation theory. We found that the scalar and pseudo-scalar correlators are precisely approximated by a few hundred low-lying fermion eigenmodes in this regime, whereas axial-vector correlator receives significant contributions from higher eigenmodes. We also measure the disconnected pseudo-scalar correlator, which is well saturated with the low-lying modes. Matching these lattice data with the one-loop expressions for the correlators in quenched chiral perturbation theory, we evaluate the decay constant F_pi and the chiral condensate Sigma as well as the parameters m_0 and alpha, which describe the artifacts of the quenched approximation.
description: 28pages,31figures,v2: references added, typos fixed
Nature and Control of Shakeup Processes in Colloidal Nanoplatelets
Creators: name: Llusar, Jordi
name: Climente, Juan I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent experiments suggest that the photoluminescence line width of CdSe and CdSe/CdS nanoplatelets (NPLs) may be broadened by the presence of shakeup (SU) lines from negatively charged trions. We carry out a theoretical analysis, based on effective mass and configuration interaction (CI) simulations, to identify the physical conditions that enable such processes. We confirm that trions in colloidal NPLs are susceptible of presenting SU lines up to one order of magnitude stronger than in epitaxial quantum wells, stimulated by dielectric confinement. For these processes to take place trions must be weakly bound to off-centered impurities, which relax symmetry selection rules. Charges on the lateral sidewalls are particularly efficient to this end. We propose that the broad line width reported for core/shell CdSe/CdS NPLs may relate not only to SU processes but also to a metastable spin triplet trion state. Understanding the origin of SU processes opens paths to rational design of NPLs with narrower line width.
description: submitted
Introducing various Semantic Models for Amharic: Experimentation and Evaluation with multiple Tasks and Datasets
Creators: name: Yimam, Seid Muhie
name: Ayele, Abinew Ali
name: Venkatesh, Gopalakrishnan
name: Gashaw, Ibrahim
name: Biemann, Chris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The availability of different pre-trained semantic models enabled the quick development of machine learning components for downstream applications. Despite the availability of abundant text data for low resource languages, only a few semantic models are publicly available. Publicly available pre-trained models are usually built as a multilingual version of semantic models that can not fit well for each language due to context variations. In this work, we introduce different semantic models for Amharic. After we experiment with the existing pre-trained semantic models, we trained and fine-tuned nine new different models using a monolingual text corpus. The models are build using word2Vec embeddings, distributional thesaurus (DT), contextual embeddings, and DT embeddings obtained via network embedding algorithms. Moreover, we employ these models for different NLP tasks and investigate their impact. We find that newly trained models perform better than pre-trained multilingual models. Furthermore, models based on contextual embeddings from RoBERTA perform better than the word2Vec models.
description: 18 pages
Bound states of scalar particles in the presence of a short range potential
Creators: name: Gonzalez-Diaz, Luis A.
name: Villalba, Victor M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81Q05,34L40

description: We analyze the behavior of the energy spectrum of the Klein-Gordon equation in the presence of a truncated hyperbolic tangent potential. From our analysis we obtain that, for some values of the potential there is embedding of the bound states into the negative energy continuum, showing that, in opposition to the general belief, relativistic scalar particles in one-dimensional short range potentials can exhibit resonant behavior and not only the Schiff-Snyder effect.
description: To appear in Modern Physics Letters A
Sequentially Deposited versus Conventional Nonfullerene Organic Solar Cells: Interfacial Trap States, Vertical Stratification, and Exciton Dissociation
Creators: name: Zhang, Jiangbin
name: Futscher, Moritz H.
name: Lami, Vincent
name: Kosasih, Felix U.
name: Cho, Changsoon
name: Gu, Qinying
name: Sadhanala, Aditya
name: Pearson, Andrew J.
name: Kan, Bin
name: Divitini, Giorgio
name: Wan, Xiangjian
name: Credgington, Daniel
name: Greenham, Neil C.
name: Chen, Yongsheng
name: Ducati, Caterina
name: Ehrler, Bruno
name: Vaynzof, Yana
name: Friend, Richard H.
name: Bakulin, Artem A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bulk-heterojunction (BHJ) non-fullerene organic solar cells prepared from sequentially deposited donor and acceptor layers (sq-BHJ) have recently been promising to be highly efficient, environmentally friendly, and compatible with large area and roll-to-toll fabrication. However, the related photophysics at donor-acceptor interface and the vertical heterogeneity of donor-acceptor distribution, critical for exciton dissociation and device performance, are largely unexplored. Herein, steady-state and time-resolved optical and electrical techniques are employed to characterize the interfacial trap states. Correlation with the luminescent efficiency of interfacial states and its non-radiative recombination, interfacial trap states are characterized to be about 50% more populated in the sq-BHJ than as-cast BHJ (c-BHJ), which probably limits the device voltage output. Cross-sectional energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and ultraviolet photoemission spectroscopy depth profiling directly vizualize the donor-acceptor vertical stratification with a precision of 1-2 nm. From the proposed "needle" model, the high exciton dissociation efficiency is rationalized. Our study highlights the promise of sequential deposition to fabricate efficient solar cells, and points towards improving the voltage output and overall device performance via eliminating interfacial trap states.
On the anomalous acceleration of Pioneer spacecraft
Creators: name: Carmeli, Moshe
name: Hartnett, John G.
name: Oliveira, Firmin J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The anomalous acceleration of Pioneer 10 and 11 spacecraft of (8.74 \pm 1.33) \times 10^{-8} cm. s^{-2} fits with a theoretical prediction of a minimal acceleration in nature of about 7.61 \times 10^{-8} cm. s^{-2}
description: 3 pages, accepted in Int. J. Theor. Phys
On the Spectral Lags of the Short Gamma-Ray Bursts
Creators: name: Yi, Tingfeng
name: Liang, Enwei
name: Qin, Yiping
name: Lu, Ruijing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a detail analysis on the spectral lags of the short gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) and compare them with that of the long GRBs by using the CGRO/BATSE GRB Catalog. Our results are as follows. (1)The spectral lag distribution of the short GRBs is significantly different from that of the long GRBs. Excluding the statistical fluctuation effect, a proportion of ~17% of the short GRBs have a negative spectral lag, i.e., the hard photons being lag behind the soft photons. We do not find any peculiar features from their light curves to distinguish these bursts from those with a positive spectral lag. We argue that a more physical mechanism dominated the hard lag may be hid behind the morphological features of the light curves. This should be a great challenge to the current GRB models. We notice that this proportion is consistent with the proportion of short GRBs correlated with nearby galaxies newly discovered by Tanvir et al., although it is unclear if these short GRBs are indeed associated with the sources originated at low redshift. (2)While the spectral lags of the long GRBs are strongly correlated with the pulse durations, they are not for the short GRBs. However, the ratios of the spectral lag to the pulse duration for the short and long GRBs normally distributed at 0.023 and 0.046, respectively, with the sample width, indicating that the curvature effect alone could not explain the difference of the spectral lags between the two types of GRBs. The hydrodynamic timescales of the outflows and the radiative processes at work in GRBs might also play an important role as suggested by Daigne and Mochkovitch.
description: 6 pages in MNRAS compact format, 7 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS, Jan. 18, 2006; references updated
Thermal transport properties and some hydrodynamic-like behavior in 3D topological semimetal ZrTe5
Creators: name: Cho, Chang-woo
name: Wang, Peipei
name: Tang, Fangdong
name: Park, Sungkyun
name: He, Mingquan
name: Lortz, Rolf
name: Gu, Genda
name: Li, Qiang
name: Zhang, Liyuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hydrodynamic fluidity in condensed matter physics has been experimentally demonstrated only in a limited number of compounds due to the stringent conditions that must be met. Herein, we performed thermal and electrical transport experiments in three-dimensional topological semimetal ZrTe5. By measuring the thermal properties in a wide temperature range, two representative experimental evidences of the hydrodynamics are observed in temperature window between the ballistic and diffusive regimes: a faster evolution of the thermal conductivity than in the ballistic regime and the non-monotonic temperature-dependent effective quasiparticle mean-free-path. In addition, magneto-thermal conductivity results indicate that charged quasiparticles, as well as phonons, may also play an important role in this hydrodynamic-like flow in ZrTe5.
Ochterus zetteli Gapud 2003
Creators: name: Kment, Petr
name: Carapezza, Attilio
name: Jindra, Zdeněk
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Ochteridae
Ochterus
Ochterus zetteli

description: Ochterus zetteli Gapud, 2003
 Ochterus zetteli Gapud, 2003: 103–107 (description, differential diagnosis, illustrations). HOLOTYPE:, Philippines: Palawan: ‘ Busuanga Island, W. Borac’ (UPLB).
 Ochterus zetteli: CHEN et al. (2005): 413 (checklist).
  Distribution. Oriental Region:  Philippines: Palawan: Busuanga Island (GAPUD 2003).
description: Published as part of Kment, Petr, Carapezza, Attilio & Jindra, Zdeněk, 2020, Taxonomic catalogue of the family Ochteridae with description of Ochterus papaceki sp. nov. from Socotra Island and Tanzania (Hemiptera: Heteroptera), pp. 23-64 in Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 60 (1) on page 48, DOI: 10.37520/aemnp.2020.003, http://zenodo.org/record/3879659
Testing the locality of transport in self-gravitating accretion discs - II. The massive disc case
Creators: name: Lodato, G.
name: Rice, W. K. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we extend our previous analysis (Lodato & Rice 2004) of the transport properties induced by gravitational instabilities in cooling, gaseous accretion discs to the case where the disc mass is comparable to the central object. In order to do so, we have performed global, three-dimensional smoothed particle hydrodynamics simulations of massive discs. These new simulations show a much more complex temporal evolution with respect to the less massive case. Whereas in the low disc mass case a self-regulated, marginally stable state (characterized by an approximately constant radial profile of the stability parameter $Q$) is easily established, in the high disc mass case we observe the development of an initial transient and subsequent settling down in a self-regulated state in some simulations, or a series or recurrent spiral episodes, with low azimuthal wave number $m$, in others. Accretion in this last case can therefore be a highly variable process. On the other hand, we find that the secular evolution of the disc is relatively slow. In fact, the time-average of the stress induced by self-gravity results in accretion time-scales much longer than the dynamical timescale, in contrast with previous isothermal simulations of massive accretion discs. We have also compared the resulting stress tensor with the expectations based on a local theory of transport, finding no significant evidence for global wave energy transport.
description: MNRAS, accepted (higher quality, colour figures can be found at http://www.ast.cam.ac.uk/~giuseppe/Publications/Locality_II/)
LULC classification by semantic segmentation of satellite images using FastFCN
Creators: name: Onim, Md. Saif Hassan
name: Ehtesham, Aiman Rafeed
name: Anbar, Amreen
name: Islam, A. K. M. Nazrul
name: Rahman, A. K. M. Mahbubur
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper analyses how well a Fast Fully Convolutional Network (FastFCN) semantically segments satellite images and thus classifies Land Use/Land Cover(LULC) classes. Fast-FCN was used on Gaofen-2 Image Dataset (GID-2) to segment them in five different classes: BuiltUp, Meadow, Farmland, Water and Forest. The results showed better accuracy (0.93), precision (0.99), recall (0.98) and mean Intersection over Union (mIoU)(0.97) than other approaches like using FCN-8 or eCognition, a readily available software. We presented a comparison between the results. We propose FastFCN to be both faster and more accurate automated method than other existing methods for LULC classification.
From ballistic transport to tunneling in electromigrated ferromagnetic breakjunctions
Creators: name: Bolotin, Kirill I.
name: Kuemmeth, F.
name: Pasupathy, Abhay N.
name: Ralph, D. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We fabricate ferromagnetic nanowires with constrictions whose cross section can be reduced gradually from 100 nm to the atomic scale and eventually to the tunneling regime by means of electromigration. These devices are mechanically stable against magnetostriction and magnetostatic effects. We measure magnetoresistances ~ 0.3% for 100*30 nm^2 constrictions, increasing to a maximum of 80% for atomic-scale widths. These results are consistent with a geometrically-constrained domain wall trapped at the constriction. For the devices in the tunneling regime we observe large fluctuations in MR, between -10 and 85%.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures
OVERVIEW OF OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS IN IMMUNOCOMPROMISED CHILDREN: ETIOLOGIES AND CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR PRACTICAL USE
Creators: name: Bazarova, Gulnora
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Opportunistic infections (OIs) continue to be a significant cause of illness and mortality in children with malignant or nonmalignant conditions. OIs are defined as infections caused by bacteria, fungi, viruses, or normally harmless commensal organisms that inhabit the human body, but become pathogenic when the immune system is compromised. They may also present as unusually severe infections from common pathogens. In some cases, an OI can manifest as a life-threatening event at the onset of a primary immunodeficiency syndrome. More commonly, OIs arise as complications from immunosuppressive therapies, prolonged hospitalization, or in children undergoing bone marrow or organ transplants.
A Gravity Theory on Noncommutative Spaces
Creators: name: Aschieri, Paolo
name: Blohmann, Christian
name: Dimitrijevic, Marija
name: Meyer, Frank
name: Schupp, Peter
name: Wess, Julius
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A deformation of the algebra of diffeomorphisms is constructed for canonically deformed spaces with constant deformation parameter theta. The algebraic relations remain the same, whereas the comultiplication rule (Leibniz rule) is different from the undeformed one. Based on this deformed algebra a covariant tensor calculus is constructed and all the concepts like metric, covariant derivatives, curvature and torsion can be defined on the deformed space as well. The construction of these geometric quantities is presented in detail. This leads to an action invariant under the deformed diffeomorphism algebra and can be interpreted as a theta-deformed Einstein-Hilbert action. The metric or the vierbein field will be the dynamical variable as they are in the undeformed theory. The action and all relevant quantities are expanded up to second order in theta.
description: 28 pages, v2: coefficient in equ. (10.15) corrected, references added, v3: references added, published version
Broadband Study of High-Synchrotron-Peaked BL Lac Object 1ES 1218+304
Creators: name: Sahakyan, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The origin of the multiwavelength emission from the high-synchrotron-peaked BL Lac 1ES 1218+304 is studied using the data from {\it Swift UVOT/XRT}, {\it NuSTAR} and {\it Fermi-LAT}. A detailed temporal and spectral analysis of the data observed during 2008-2020 in the $γ$-ray ($>100$ MeV), X-ray (0.3-70 keV), and optical/UV bands is performed. The $γ$-ray spectrum is hard with a photon index of $1.71\pm0.02$ above $100$ MeV. The {\it Swift UVOT/XRT} data show a flux increase in the UV/optical and X-ray bands; the highest $0.3-3$ keV X-ray flux was $(1.13\pm0.02)\times10^{-10}{\rm erg\:cm^{-2}\:s^{-1}}$. In the 0.3-10 keV range the averaged X-ray photon index is $>2.0$ which softens to $2.56 \pm 0.028$ in the 3-50 keV band. However, in some periods, the X-ray photon index became extremely hard ($<1.8$), indicating that the peak of the synchrotron component was above $1$ keV, and so 1ES 1218+304 behaved like an extreme synchrotron BL Lac. The hardest X-ray photon index of 1ES 1218+304 was $1.60 \pm 0.05 $ on MJD 58489. The time-averaged multiwavelength spectral energy distribution is modeled within a one-zone synchrotron self-Compton leptonic model using a broken power-law and power-law with an exponential cutoff electron energy distributions. The data are well explained when the electron energy distribution is $E_{\rm e}^{-2.1}$ extending up to $γ_{\rm br/cut}\simeq(1.7-4.3)\times10^{5}$, and the magnetic field is weak ($B\sim1.5\times10^{-2}$ G). By solving the kinetic equation for electron evolution in the emitting region, the obtained electron energy distributions are discussed considering particle injection, cooling, and escape.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Additional file 3 of Claims data analysis of medical specialist utilization among nursing home residents and community-dwelling older people
Creators: name: Schulz, Maike
name: Tsiasioti, Chrysanthi
name: Czwikla, Jonas
name: Schwinger, Antje
name: Gand, Daniel
name: Schmidt, Annika
name: Schmiemann, Guido
name: Wolf-Ostermann, Karin
name: Rothgang, Heinz
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 3. Effects of the association between long-term care setting and medical specialist utilization (reference group: older people not in need of care).
Additional file 7 of Correlation of drug resistance with single nucleotide variations through genome analysis and experimental validation in a multi-drug resistant clinical isolate of M. tuberculosis
Creators: name: Kausik Bhattacharyya
name: Vishal Nemaysh
name: Joon, Monika
name: Ramendra Pratap
name: Mandira Varma-Basil
name: Bose, Mridula
name: Brahmachari, Vani
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 7. Inter-genic variations unique to VPCI591.
The ambiguous role of social influence on the wisdom of crowds: An analytic approach
Creators: name: Mavrodiev, Pavlin
name: Schweitzer, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: "Wisdom of crowds" refers to the phenomenon that the average opinion of a group of individuals on a given question can be very close to the true answer. It requires a large group diversity of opinions, but the collective error, the difference between the average opinion and the true value, has to be small. We consider a stochastic opinion dynamics where individuals can change their opinion based on the opinions of others (social influence $α$), but to some degree also stick to their initial opinion (individual conviction $β$). We then derive analytic expressions for the dynamics of the collective error and the group diversity. We analyze their long-term behavior to determine the impact of the two parameters $(α,β)$ and the initial opinion distribution on the wisdom of crowds. This allows us to quantify the ambiguous role of social influence: only if the initial collective error is large, it helps to improve the wisdom of crowds, but in most cases it deteriorates the outcome. In these cases, individual conviction still improves the wisdom of crowds because it mitigates the impact of social influence.
Out of equilibrium Chiral Vortical Effect in Holography
Creators: name: Morales-Tejera, Sergio
name: Landsteiner, Karl
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the chiral vortical effect far from equilibrium in a strongly coupled holographic field theory. Rotation is represented as a perturbation via a gravito-magnetic field on top of a five-dimensional charged AdS Vaidya metric. We also introduce a momentum relaxation mechanism by linear scalar field backgrounds and study the CVE dynamics as function of the charges, temperature and momentum relaxation. The far from equilibrium behavior shows that the CVE builds up with a significant delay in time compared to the quasi instantaneous equilibration of the background metric. We also pay special attention to the effects of the gravitational contribution to the axial anomaly in the CVE of the axial current. We develop an analytic estimate of this delay and also compute the quasi-normal modes near equilibrium which determine the late time ring down.
description: 39 pages, 22 figures
Additional file 5 of Correlation of drug resistance with single nucleotide variations through genome analysis and experimental validation in a multi-drug resistant clinical isolate of M. tuberculosis
Creators: name: Kausik Bhattacharyya
name: Vishal Nemaysh
name: Joon, Monika
name: Ramendra Pratap
name: Mandira Varma-Basil
name: Bose, Mridula
name: Brahmachari, Vani
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 5. Invariant genes in global clinical isolates (including VPCI591).
IMPLICATIONS OF CROP YIELD AND REVENUE INSURANCE FOR PRODUCER HEDGING
Creators: name: Coble, Keith H.
name: Heifner, Richard G.
name: Zuniga, Manuel
name: Coble, Keith H.
name: Heifner, Richard G.
name: Zuniga, Manuel
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: Risk and Uncertainty

description: New types of crop insurance have expanded the tools from which crop producers may choose to manage risk. Little is known regarding how these products interact with futures and options. This analysis examines optimal futures and put ratios in the presence of four alternative insurance coverages. An analytical model investigates the comparative statics of the relationship between hedging and insurance. Additional numerical analysis is conducted which incorporates futures price, basis, and yield variability. Yield insurance is found to have a positive effect on hedging levels. Revenue insurance tends to result in slightly lower hedging demand than would occur given the same level of yield insurance coverage.
On the Collapsar Model of Long Gamma-Ray Bursts: Constraints from Cosmic Metallicity Evolution
Creators: name: Langer, N.
name: Norman, C. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the consequences of new observational and theoretical evidence that long gamma-ray bursts prefer low metallicity environments. Using recently derived mass-metallicity correlations and the mass function from SDSS studies, and adopting an average cosmic metallicity evolution from \citet{kewley2005} and \citet{savaglio2005} we derive expressions for the the relative number of massive stars formed below a given fraction of solar metallicity, $ε$, as function of redshift. We demonstrate that about 1/10th of all stars form with $ε< 0.1$. Therefore, a picture where the majority of GRBs form with $ε< 0.1$ is not inconsistent with an empirical global SN/GRB ratio of 1/1000. It implies that (1) GRB's peak at a significantly higher redshift than supernovae; (2) massive star evolution at low metallicity may be qualitatively different and; (3) the larger the low-metallicity bias of GRBs the less likely binary evolution channels can be significant GRB producers.
description: 12 pages, 2 figures; accepted as ApJ Letter
CORN PRICE EFFECTS ON COST OF GAIN FOR FEEDLOT CATTLE: IMPLICATIONS FOR BREAKEVEN BUDGETING
Creators: name: Anderson, John D.
name: Trapp, James N.
name: Anderson, John D.
name: Trapp, James N.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: Livestock Production/Industries

description: Elasticities calculated from an econometric model of cost of gain (COG) for cattle in feedlots indicate that COG is considerably less responsive to corn price changes than breakeven budgets assume. This difference in elasticities can lead to substantial errors in COG estimates obtained from budgeting. Size of error will depend upon the initial corn price and the magnitude of corn price change. Given average corn price levels and month-to-month changes, the error in budget-based net revenue projections will be about $3/head.
Integration of Dirac-Jacobi structures
Creators: name: Ponte, David Iglesias
name: Wade, Aissa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53DXX; 17B62; 17B63; 17B66

description: We study precontact groupoids whose infinitesimal counterparts are Dirac-Jacobi structures. These geometric objects generalize contact groupoids. We also explain the relationship between precontact groupoids and homogeneous presymplectic groupoids. Finally, we present some examples of precontact groupoids.
description: 10 pages. Brief changes in the introduction. References updated
STATE TRADING ENTERPRISES AND REVENUE GAINS FROM MARKET POWER: THE CASE OF BARLEY MARKETING AND THE CANADIAN WHEAT BOARD
Creators: name: Schmitz, Troy G.
name: Gray, Richard S.
name: Schmitz, Troy G.
name: Gray, Richard S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: According to the U.S. General Accounting Office, the Canadian Wheat Board (CWB) is the largest state trading enterprise reporting to the World Trade Organization under article XVII requirements. This study estimates the market power exerted by the CWB in international barley markets. The analysis incorporates international price discrimination across markets for similar types of barley, the intertwining relationships between feed and malting barley markets, and producer behavior in the absence of the CWB. The CWB was able to capture an annual average of $72 million in additional revenue beyond the amount that would have been generated by purely competitive multiple sellers of Canadian barley during the period 1985-94.
DESIGNING FOOD SAFETY REGULATIONS: THE EFFECT OF INSPECTION POLICY AND PENALTIES FOR NONCOMPLIANCE ON FOOD PROCESSOR BEHAVIOR
Creators: name: Starbird, S. Andrew
name: Starbird, S. Andrew
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety

description: In the United States, federal, state, and local governments are involved with the regulation of the safety of the food supply. Food safety regulations that set standards for food processors usually include inspection policies for monitoring performance and penalties for processors who do not comply with regulatory standards. In this analysis, we examine how penalties and inspection policies interact to influence processor behavior. We distinguish between internal penalties (imposed by the regulator) and external penalties (imposed by the market or by the court). Using a model of the processor's expected annual cost, we find that under a given inspection policy internal penalties are only relevant under specific conditions. For cases in which internal and external penalties can be influenced, we use comparative statics to discover that internal penalties are more economically efficient for motivating processors than external penalties. These results imply that regulators should utilize internal penalties for noncompliance rather that rely on market or court-imposed penalties.
Additional file 2 of Claims data analysis of medical specialist utilization among nursing home residents and community-dwelling older people
Creators: name: Schulz, Maike
name: Tsiasioti, Chrysanthi
name: Czwikla, Jonas
name: Schwinger, Antje
name: Gand, Daniel
name: Schmidt, Annika
name: Schmiemann, Guido
name: Wolf-Ostermann, Karin
name: Rothgang, Heinz
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2. Descriptive statistics of specialist utilization among the older people given a respective disease diagnosis.
Ochterus Feae Mancini 1939
Creators: name: Kment, Petr
name: Carapezza, Attilio
name: Jindra, Zdeněk
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Ochteridae
Ochterus

description: Ochterus sp. near zetteli Gapud, 2003
 Ochterus sp. (2 ♀♀ from Philippines: Palawan:Cabayugan River): GAPUD (2003): 106 –107 (diagnosis).
  Distribution. Oriental Region:  Philippines: Palawan (GAPUD 2003).
 Note. According to GAPUD (2003), this species is highly likely to be new, though closely related to O. zetteli. A male specimen is required in order to dertermine its species status.
description: Published as part of Kment, Petr, Carapezza, Attilio & Jindra, Zdeněk, 2020, Taxonomic catalogue of the family Ochteridae with description of Ochterus papaceki sp. nov. from Socotra Island and Tanzania (Hemiptera: Heteroptera), pp. 23-64 in Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 60 (1) on page 48, DOI: 10.37520/aemnp.2020.003, http://zenodo.org/record/3879659
THE COST OF THE KYOTO PROTOCOL TO U.S. CROP PRODUCTION: MEASURING CROP PRICE, REGIONAL ACREAGE, WELFARE, AND INPUT SUBSTITUTION EFFECTS
Creators: name: Konyar, Kazim
name: Howitt, Richard E.
name: Konyar, Kazim
name: Howitt, Richard E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy

description: This study analyzes the impact of implementing carbon permit trading considered under the Kyoto Protocol, and the subsequent expected increase in energy and resource prices on U.S. crop production. The focus is on input substitution, net farm income, regional crop acreage, and crop prices. The analysis is carried out with a calibrated mathematical programming model which covers the major crops produced in the 48 contiguous states on a regional basis. The model accounts for both the variable inputs and the allocatable inputs of land and irrigation water, and it permits input substitution when farmers are faced with external shocks. The results suggest that when energy prices increase, the net cost to the crop-producing sector depends on the farmer's ability to substitute crop inputs and the elasticity of demand for the crops. The impacts of carbon tax cost increases differ significantly among crops and regions. Overall, crop acreage and output decrease, total net revenues increase in most regions, and consumer surplus declines.
RISK AND RETURNS OF DIVERSIFIED CROPPING SYSTEMS UNDER NONNORMAL, CROSS-, AND AUTOCORRELATED COMMODITY PRICE STRUCTURES
Creators: name: Ramirez, Octavio A.
name: Somarriba, Eduardo
name: Ramirez, Octavio A.
name: Somarriba, Eduardo
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis

description: This study analyzes the risks of diversified tropical cropping systems that combine cocoa, plantain, and tree-crop components in different proportions versus traditional monocultures. A technique for modeling the expected values, variances, and covariances of correlated time-series variables that are autocorrelated and nonnormal (right or left skewed and kurtotic) is applied to simulate commodity prices. The importance of using simulated cumulative density functions (cdf's) which reflect the most important characteristics of the stochastic behavior of prices for analyzing risk and returns of diversified agricultural systems is demonstrated. The analysis priovides evidence in favor of diversified cocoa-plantain-Cordia agroforestry system technologies versus the traditional monocultures.
MPEC 2024-T250 : 2024 TL10
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2024 TL10

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
CONTRACT INCENTIVES AND EXCESSIVE NITROGEN USE IN AGRICULTURE
Creators: name: Preckel, Paul V.
name: Shively, Gerald E.
name: Baker, Timothy G.
name: Chu, Mei-Chin
name: Burrell, Jessica Eide
name: Preckel, Paul V.
name: Shively, Gerald E.
name: Baker, Timothy G.
name: Chu, Mei-Chin
name: Burrell, Jessica Eide
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: This study examines incentives for input use under tournament contracts. We analyze implications of contract design for nitrate-based environmental externalities generated by agricultural producers. Outcomes are compared from contracts awarded by tournament to those from fixed-payment contracts. Our findings show contract insecurity can distort input use. The model developed in this analysis is applied to a region of the U.S. where tournament-based production is prevalent and groundwater contamination is a problem. We find contract insecurity increases nitrogen use by about 12%, resulting in a 17% increase in nitrate leaching. Implications for contract modification to reduce environmental externalities while maintaining contract incentives are discussed.
Additional file 6 of Correlation of drug resistance with single nucleotide variations through genome analysis and experimental validation in a multi-drug resistant clinical isolate of M. tuberculosis
Creators: name: Kausik Bhattacharyya
name: Vishal Nemaysh
name: Joon, Monika
name: Ramendra Pratap
name: Mandira Varma-Basil
name: Bose, Mridula
name: Brahmachari, Vani
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 6. Unique genic variations in VPCI591.
MORE RESERVOIRS OR TRANSFERS? A COMPUTABLE GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM ANALYSIS OF PROJECTED WATER SHORTAGES IN THE ARKANSAS RIVER BASIN
Creators: name: Goodman, D. Jay
name: Goodman, D. Jay
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: A computable general equilibrium model of the southeastern Colorado economy is used to compare the economic impacts of a proposed increase in reservoir storage to an alternative: temporary water transfers. While both provide municipalities with reliable water supply during droughts and are shown to benefit both rural and urban communities, temporary transfers are accomplished at a much lower economic and environmental cost. This analysis illustrates how computable general equilibrium models provide a more realistic portrayal of the impact of policy changes than input-output analysis by allowing substitution in response to economic conditions.
New Zealand Agribusiness Success: An Approach to exploring the role of strategy, structure and conduct on firm performance
Creators: name: Scrimgeour, Frank G.
name: McDermott, Alan
name: Saunders, Caroline M.
name: Shadbolt, Nicola M.
name: Sheath, Gavin W.
name: Scrimgeour, Frank G.
name: McDermott, Alan
name: Saunders, Caroline M.
name: Shadbolt, Nicola M.
name: Sheath, Gavin W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agribusiness
subject: structure
subject: conduct
subject: performance
subject: history

description: This paper presents a framework to explore agribusiness success in New Zealand. The framework provides the basis for historical analysis. It draws on existing theory based on the structure-conduct-performance paradigm but expanded to take account of firm strategy and the analysis of value chains.
Sulaïmān al-Gazzī, évêque melchite de Gaza (XI siècle)
Creators: name: Naṣrallāh, Yūsuf
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 62 (1978): Oriens christianus, Band 62
Allocating Vote: Biosecurity - Towards an "Economics-Based" Approach for Setting Priorities for the Importation of Risk Goods
Creators: name: Ryan, Michael
name: Ryan, Michael
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Health Economics and Policy
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Prioritisation
subject: Biosecurity
subject: multiple criteria decision making

description: The New Zealand government (through its agency the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, MAF) seeks to mitigate the potential negative impacts of importation through requiring commodities that may pose a risk to New Zealand's primary production systems, human health, indigenous flora, fauna or biodiversity to have an import health standard. Given, potential import opportunities exist in a wide variety of commodities from many different countries, the demand for import health standards far outweighs MAF's available resources to develop them. Therefore MAF must have a framework that prioritises which import health standards will be developed. This paper briefly presents the framework MAF is currently using to undertake the prioritisation of import health standards and then discusses how the current framework could evolve to become more 'economics-based'.
Thermo-mechanical phenomena in high speed continuous casting processes
Creators: name: Park, Joong Kil
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Thermo-mechanical phenomena during continuous thin slab casting have been studied with the objectives of understanding the mechanism of mold crack formation, and the effect of mold design upon the mechanical behavior of the stand. To achieve these goals, several finite element models have been developed in conjunction with a series of industrial plant trials. First, an investigation of mold crack formation in thin slab casting was undertaken to elucidate the mechanism by which cracks develop and to evaluate possible solutions to the problem. Three-dimensional finite-element thermal-stress models were developed to predict temperature, distortion, and residual stress in thin-slab casting molds, comparing funnel-shaped to parallel molds. Mold wall temperatures were obtained from POSCO in Korea and analyzed to determine the corresponding heat-flux profiles in thin-slab molds. This data was utilized in an elastic-visco-plastic analysis to investigate the deformation of the molds in service for the two different mold shapes. The results of a metallurgical investigation of mold samples containing cracks were used together with the results of the mathematical models, to determine mechanisms and to suggest solutions for the formation of mold cracks. Large cyclic inelastic strains were found in the funnel transition region just below the meniscus, due to the slightly higher temperature at that location. The cracks appear to have propagated by thermal fatigue caused by major level fluctuations. Next, two-dimensional thermo-elastic-visco-plastic analysis was performed for a horizontal slice of the solidifying strand, which moves vertically down the mold during casting. The model calculates the temperature distributions, the stresses and the strains in the solidifying shell, and the air gap between the casting mold and the solidifying strand. Model predictions were verified with an analytical solution and plant trials that were carried out during billet casting at POSCO. The validated model from the billet study was next applied to thin slab casting, using mold temperature and distortion data from the mold cracking study. An investigation of the effect of mold taper on the shrinkage of the solidifying shell, its gap formation, and stress evolution was carried out for different thin slab mold geometries. The model predicts that the shell in funnel molds develops a tensile stress at the slab surface in the funnel transition region due to funnel retraction. This model also suggests that as the funnel depth increases, the possibility of surface cracks at the funnel outside bed position increases.