cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Hawking Radiation from Charged Black Holes via Gauge and Gravitational Anomalies
Creators: name: Iso, Satoshi
name: Umetsu, Hiroshi
name: Wilczek, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Extending gr-qc/0502074, we show that in order to avoid a breakdown of general covariance and gauge invariance at the quantum level the total flux of charge and energy in each outgoing partial wave of a charged quantum field in a Reissner-Nordstrom black hole background must be equal to that of a (1+1) dimensional blackbody at the Hawking temperature with the appropriate chemical potential.
description: 4 pages, typos corrected, references added, version to appear in Phys. Rev. Lett
On High Dimensional Behaviour of Some Two-Sample Tests Based on Ball Divergence
Creators: name: Banerjee, Bilol
name: Ghosh, Anil K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this article, we propose some two-sample tests based on ball divergence and investigate their high dimensional behavior. First, we study their behavior for High Dimension, Low Sample Size (HDLSS) data, and under appropriate regularity conditions, we establish their consistency in the HDLSS regime, where the dimension of the data grows to infinity while the sample sizes from the two distributions remain fixed. Further, we show that these conditions can be relaxed when the sample sizes also increase with the dimension, and in such cases, consistency can be proved even for shrinking alternatives. We use a simple example involving two normal distributions to prove that even when there are no consistent tests in the HDLSS regime, the powers of the proposed tests can converge to unity if the sample sizes increase with the dimension at an appropriate rate. This rate is obtained by establishing the minimax rate optimality of our tests over a certain class of alternatives. Several simulated and benchmark data sets are analyzed to compare the performance of these proposed tests with the state-of-the-art methods that can be used for testing the equality of two high-dimensional probability distributions.
Lexical elicitation: voice quality; Mann 1-183
Creators: name: Hardkadee, Nikhom
name: Lau-Preechathammarach, Raksit Tyler
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: sss

description: Elicitation of words differing only in voice quality (modal, breathy) and words from Mann's MSEA Swadesh list 1-183. Other voices included. Consultant is a 51-year-old male.
Motion and Spatiality: Material Illusions in Abstract Painting
Creators: name: Hodge, Gregory Paul
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2016
Subjects: contemporary
painting
abstract
abstraction
illusion

description: This practice-led research investigates the continuing role of abstraction within contemporary art through a painting practice that involves collage, works on paper and paintings on canvas. The project is focussed on testing ways in which devices historically associated with illusionistic painting could be applied to an abstract picture space. The painting process and accompanying exegetical reflections together explore the implications of adapting and translating illusionistic techniques, such as those as of the trompe l’œil and Baroque traditions, into a contemporary idiom, and how this affects the ways we view, experience and interpret abstract paintings. Original material research is central to this project, and is pursued through a sustained technical exploration of the properties and potentials of contemporary acrylic paints and mediums, the development of improvised tools, and the application of a range of supports and modes of presentation. These are tailored to extend the means and visual effects of acrylic painting processes in generating illusions as abstractions. This results in four bodies of work, each exploring the oscillating relations between the eye and the body, illusion and materiality, stasis and motion, flatness and spatiality. This thesis has been informed by Hanneke Grootenboer’s reflections on trompe l’œil, Angela Ndalianis on the Baroque, Christine Poggi on Cubism, and Barbara Rose and Lucy Lippard’s work on Abstract Illusionism. The project is further contextualised by reference to commentary on recent developments in abstraction and current issues in painting by Arthur C. Danto, David Reed, Bob Nickas, Jan Verwoert, Katy Siegel and Laura Hoptman.
An iPSC-derived cortical organoid model and chimeric mouse model of studying oligodendrocytes and myelination in Down syndrome
Creators: name: Alam, Mahabub Maraj
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2023

description: Down syndrome (DS) is a neurodevelopmental disorder caused by the triplication of chromosome 21. Neuropathologically, brains of DS individuals show disorganized cortical lamination, hypocellular dentate gyrus of the hippocampus, and hypomyelination. Due to species-specific genetic differences, modeling DS in mice or other organisms has been extremely difficult. Available mouse models of DS do not faithfully recapitulate the phenotypes seen in DS. As a result, prominent pathologies such as hypomyelination – seen in DS individuals from a wide spectrum of ages – are understudied and are not well understood. Here, we sought to develop iPSC-based in vivo and in vitro models of studying DS. We show that iPSC-derived cortical organoids can be used to study oligodendrogenesis under disease conditions such as DS. In particular, we show that DS organoids have a higher number of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells compared to control organoids. In addition, DS organoids show impaired oligodendroglia maturation as compared to control organoids. Separately, we developed a human-mouse chimeric model by transplanting DS and control iPSC-derived glial progenitor cells (GPCs) in the brains of hypomyelinated shiverer mice. We found that compared to control GPCs robustly myelinate the hosts’ brains whereas DS GPCs chimeric brains are significantly hypomyelinated. Together, our in vitro organoid model and our in vivo chimeric model effectively mimic the hypomyelination phenotype seen in DS individuals. Our models can be used to study and understand the mechanisms involving DS hypomyelination, which can then be targeted for therapeutic purposes.
Nonlinear mechanics of colloidal gels: creep, fatigue and shear-induced yielding
Creators: name: Gibaud, Thomas
name: Divoux, Thibaut
name: Manneville, Sébastien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Colloidal gels are formed through the aggregation of attractive particles, whose size ranges from 10~nm to a few micrometers, suspended in a liquid. Such gels are ubiquitous in everyday life applications, from food products to paints or construction materials, in particular thanks to their ability to easily "yield", i.e., to turn from a solid to a liquid under the application of a weak external load. Understanding and controlling the mechanical response of colloidal gels is therefore of prime importance. Depending on the details of the system, however, the resulting gel networks present different microstructural organisations that may lead to widely different mechanical responses. This raises important challenges in fully characterizing yielding and in uncovering the mechanisms of nonlinear response in colloidal gels. In this paper, we distinguish between two classes of colloidal gels showing respectively reversible yielding, where the gel network reforms upon load release, and irreversible yielding, where the network is fully destroyed through fractures and phase separation. This broad, empirical distinction is achieved through rheology and local experiments at a mesoscopic scale, intermediate between the network characteristic size and the sample size. We further discuss how the observables derived from creep and fatigue experiments may be modelled to predict yielding and highlight open questions and future research directions in the domain.
A Finite Element-Inspired Hypergraph Neural Network: Application to Fluid Dynamics Simulations
Creators: name: Gao, Rui
name: Deo, Indu Kant
name: Jaiman, Rajeev K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: An emerging trend in deep learning research focuses on the applications of graph neural networks (GNNs) for mesh-based continuum mechanics simulations. Most of these learning frameworks operate on graphs wherein each edge connects two nodes. Inspired by the data connectivity in the finite element method, we present a method to construct a hypergraph by connecting the nodes by elements rather than edges. A hypergraph message-passing network is defined on such a node-element hypergraph that mimics the calculation process of local stiffness matrices. We term this method a finite element-inspired hypergraph neural network, in short FEIH($ϕ$)-GNN. We further equip the proposed network with rotation equivariance, and explore its capability for modeling unsteady fluid flow systems. The effectiveness of the network is demonstrated on two common benchmark problems, namely the fluid flow around a circular cylinder and airfoil configurations. Stabilized and accurate temporal roll-out predictions can be obtained using the $ϕ$-GNN framework within the interpolation Reynolds number range. The network is also able to extrapolate moderately towards higher Reynolds number domain out of the training range.
The shape of the initial cluster mass function: what it tells us about the local star formation efficiency
Creators: name: Parmentier, G.
name: Goodwin, S. P.
name: Kroupa, P.
name: Baumgardt, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore how the expulsion of gas from star-cluster forming cloud-cores due to supernova explosions affects the shape of the initial cluster mass function, that is, the mass function of star clusters when effects of gas expulsion are over. We demonstrate that if the radii of cluster-forming gas cores are roughly constant over the core mass range, as supported by observations, then more massive cores undergo slower gas expulsion. Therefore, for a given star formation efficiency, more massive cores retain a larger fraction of stars after gas expulsion. The initial cluster mass function may thus differ from the core mass function substantially, with the final shape depending on the star formation efficiency. A mass-independent star formation efficiency of about 20 per cent turns a power-law core mass function into a bell-shaped initial cluster mass function, while mass-independent efficiencies of order 40 per cent preserve the shape of the core mass function.
description: accepted in ApJ
Hansenocaris undetermined
Creators: name: Olesen, Jørgen
name: Grygier, Mark J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Maxillopoda
Hansenocarididae
Hansenocaris
Hansenocaris undetermined

description: Y-nauplius Type AC
Figs 2, 9F–H
Type AC – Dreyer et al. 2023a: figs 4, 5a, c, tables s1–s2.
Material examined
JAPAN – Okinawa, Sesoko I., laboratory pier, 26°38ʹ09.4ʺ N, 127°51ʹ55.2ʺ E • 1 LSN; 2018–2019 (Tables 1 and S1).
Description
LAST-STAGE NAUPLIUS (LSN). Lecithotrophic. Body spoon-shaped in dorso-ventral view; 1.8 times as long as wide; cephalic shield elliptical, with sharp discontinuity in body outline leading into trunk. In lateral view, trunk axis downturned ca 35° with respect to cephalic axis. Length ca 270 µm (ventral view in life, without dorso-caudal spine), greatest width 160 µm, greatest dorso-ventral thickness ca 115 µm. Labrum with goblet-shaped outline; in ventral view with free posterior margin extended into large medial spine, preceded by ca six large, equal-sized posteriorly directed spines on labral midline; pore pattern not examined. Caudal end attenuate, terminating in robust, 67 µm-long dorso-caudal spine set with smaller spines and accompanied ventrally at base by pair of triangular furcal spines ca 12 µm long; long axis of dorso-caudal spine upturned 25° with respect to trunk axis.
CYPRID VIEWED THROUGH CUTICLE OF LSN. Body weakly brownish, with thick strand of orange yolk granules in gut-like central tube. Other details not discernable in the single specimen examined.
Identification and variation
Recognizable by the combination of its general shape, size and spiny-keeled labrum.
Distribution
Japan (Sesoko Island, Okinawa).
description: Published as part of Olesen, Jørgen & Grygier, Mark J., 2024, Taxonomic diversity of marine planktonic ' y-larvae' (Crustacea: Facetotecta) from a coral reef hotspot locality (Japan, Okinawa), with a key to y-nauplii, pp. 1-90 in European Journal of Taxonomy 929 (1) on pages 26-27, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2024.929.2479, http://zenodo.org/record/10876286
Ultrafast spin-currents and charge conversion at 3d-5d interfaces probed by time-domain terahertz spectroscopy
Creators: name: Dang, T. H.
name: Hawecker, J.
name: Rongione, E.
name: Flores, G. Baez
name: To, D. Q.
name: Rojas-Sanchez, J. C.
name: Nong, H.
name: Mangeney, J.
name: Tignon, J.
name: Godel, F.
name: Collin, S.
name: Seneor, P.
name: Bibes, M.
name: Fert, A.
name: Anane, M.
name: George, J. -M.
name: Vila, L.
name: Cosset-Cheneau, M.
name: Dolfi, D.
name: Lebrun, R.
name: Bortolotti, P.
name: Belashchenko, K.
name: Dhillon, S.
name: Jaffrès, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spintronic structures are extensively investigated for their spin orbit torque properties, required for magnetic commutation functionalities. Current progress in these materials is dependent on the interface engineering for the optimization of spin transmission. Here, we advance the analysis of ultrafast spin-charge conversion phenomena at ferromagnetic-transition metal interfaces due to their inverse spin-Hall effect properties. In particular the intrinsic inverse spin Hall effect of Pt-based systems and extrinsic inverse spin-Hall effect of Au:W and Au:Ta in NiFe/Au:(W,Ta) bilayers are investigated. The spin-charge conversion is probed by complementary techniques -- ultrafast THz time domain spectroscopy in the dynamic regime for THz pulse emission and ferromagnetic resonance spin-pumping measurements in the GHz regime in the steady state -- to determine the role played by the material properties, resistivities, spin transmission at metallic interfaces and spin-flip rates. These measurements show the correspondence between the THz time domain spectroscopy and ferromagnetic spin-pumping for the different set of samples in term of the spin mixing conductance. The latter quantity is a critical parameter, determining the strength of the THz emission from spintronic interfaces. This is further supported by ab-initio calculations, simulations and analysis of the spin-diffusion and spin relaxation of carriers within the multilayers in the time domain, permitting to determine the main trends and the role of spin transmission at interfaces. This work illustrates that time domain spectroscopy for spin-based THz emission is a powerful technique to probe spin-dynamics at active spintronic interfaces and to extract key material properties for spin-charge conversion.
description: 20 pages
On the first Robin eigenvalue of the Finsler $p$-Laplace operator as $p\to 1$
Creators: name: Barbato, Rosa
name: Della Pietra, Francesco
name: Piscitelli, Gianpaolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $Ω$ be a bounded, connected, sufficiently smooth open set, $p>1$ and $β\in\mathbb R$. In this paper, we study the $Γ$-convergence, as $p\rightarrow 1^+$, of the functional \[ J_p(φ)=\frac{\int_ΩF^p(\nabla φ)dx+β\int_{\partial Ω} |φ|^pF(ν)d\mathcal{H}^{N-1}}{\int_Ω|φ|^pdx} \]
 where $φ\in W^{1,p}(Ω)\setminus\{0\}$ and $F$ is a sufficientely smooth norm on $\mathbb R^n$. We study the limit of the first eigenvalue $λ_1(Ω,p,β)=\inf_{\substack{φ\in W^{1,p}(Ω)\\ φ\ne 0}}J_p(φ)$, as $p\to 1^+$, that is: \begin{equation*} Λ(Ω,β)=\inf_{\substack{φ\in BV(Ω)\\ φ\not\equiv 0}}\dfrac{|Du|_F(Ω)+\min\{β,1\}\displaystyle \int_{\partial Ω}|φ|F(ν)d\mathcal H^{N-1}}{\displaystyle s\int_Ω|φ|dx}. \end{equation*} Furthermore, for $β>-1$, we obtain an isoperimetric inequality for $Λ(Ω,β)$ depending on $β$.
 The proof uses an interior approximation result for $BV(Ω)$ functions by $C^\infty(Ω)$ functions in the sense of strict convergence on $\mathbb R^n$ and a trace inequality in $BV$ with respect to the anisotropic total variation.
Estimating entanglement in 2D Heisenberg model in the strong rung-coupling limit
Creators: name: Pushpan, Chandrima B.
name: J., Harikrishnan K.
name: Narayan, Prithvi
name: Pal, Amit Kumar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we calculate entanglement in the isotropic Heisenberg model in a magnetic field on a two-dimensional rectangular zig-zag lattice in the strong rung-coupling limit, using the one-dimensional XXZ model as a proxy. Focusing on the leading order in perturbation, for arbitrary size of the lattice, we show how the one-dimensional effective description emerges. We point out specific states in the low-energy sector of the two-dimensional model that are well-approximated by the one-dimensional spin-1/2 XXZ model. We propose a systematic approach for mapping matrix-elements of operators defined on the two-dimensional model to their low-energy counterparts on the one-dimensional XXZ model. We also show that partial trace-based description of entanglement in the two-dimensional model can be satisfactorily approximated using the one-dimensional XXZ model as a substitute. We further show numerically that the one-dimensional XXZ model performs well in estimating entanglement quantified using a measurement-based approach in the two-dimensional model for specific choices of measured Hermitian operators.
description: 23 pages, 9 figures, 1 table
Fixed target Drell-Yan data and NNLO QCD fits of parton distribution functions
Creators: name: Alekhin, Sergey
name: Melnikov, Kirill
name: Petriello, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the influence of fixed target Drell-Yan data on the extraction of parton distribution functions at next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO) in QCD. When used in a parton distribution fit, the Drell-Yan (DY) data constrain sea quark distributions at large values of Bjorken x. We find that not all available DY data are useful for improving the precision of parton distribution functions (PDFs) obtained from a fit to the deep inelastic scattering (DIS) data. In particular, some inconsistencies between DIS-based parton distribution functions and DY data for large values of dilepton rapidity are found. However, by selecting a sample of the DY data that is both representative and consistent with the DIS data, we are able to perform a combined PDF fit that significantly improves the precision of non-strange quark distributions at large values of x. The NNLO QCD corrections to the DY process are crucial for improving the precision. They reduce the uncertainty of the theoretical prediction, making it comparable to the experimental uncertainty in DY cross-sections over a broad range of x.
description: 12 pages, revtex
A comparative study of men's roles in violence against women programs in Afghanistan, Pakistan and Timore Leste
Creators: name: Wu, Joyce
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2015

description: There is now an acceptance from NGOs, donors, and academics in the aid sector that men have an important role to play as allies in violence against women initiatives and projects. This recognition is not a sudden phenomenon, but comes as a result of the combination of the efforts of the feminist movement which first sought to have violence against women recognised as an international development issue, and the influence of academic literature about masculinities which argued for men's activism in gender equality. There have been few critical analyses and little independent research has been conducted about male involvement. Those studies that have argued in favour of involving men as activists or leaders to take action have been largely viewed as positive. The thesis contends that, although the rationale for involving men is sound, the tendency in development theories and practice to de-radicalise feminist analysis of gender relations and male violence against women means that programs which involve men cannot realise their full potential. Examining the roles men have to play in violence against women programs within the international development context, I have conducted qualitative studies in Afghanistan, Pakistan, and Timor Leste, with 184 interviews held with men and women from local communities, NGOs, donors, and government agencies. The results of this study show that men's roles are complex, and are influenced by the broader social and political context of inequalities. Male participation is sometimes celebrated as heroic by NGOs, and men who profess a deep sense of ethical obligation towards ending violence against women enjoy the power, attention, and resources derived from their participation. Donors and NGOs attempt to increase male participation through the use of culture or religion in projects. But in some cases, there is an unquestioning abidance of local norms and values, and an assumption that all men and women from the community share and agree to the same values and identities. These findings have important implications for development practice, which has prioritised short-term displays of male activism, instead of focussing on the structural causes of male violence against women. When winning men's "hearts and minds" to participate in violence against women programs, it is important not to reinforce traditional gender roles of men as protectors and guardians of women's safety.
Configurational Entropy of Optical Bright Similariton in Tapered Graded-Index Waveguide
Creators: name: Thakur, Pooja
name: Gleiser, Marcelo
name: Kumar, Anil
name: Gupta, Rama
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Configurational entropy (CE) consists of a family of entropic measures of information used to describe the shape complexity of spatially-localized functions with respect to a set of parameters. We obtain the Differential Configurational Entropy (DCE) for similariton waves traveling in tapered graded-index optical waveguides modeled by a generalized nonlinear Schrödinger equation. It is found that for similariton's widths lying within a certain range, DCE attains minimum saturation values as the nonlinear wave evolves along the effective propagation variable $ζ(t)$. In particular, saturation is achieved earlier for lower values of the width, which we show correspond to global minima of the DCE. Such low entropic values lead to minimum dispersion of momentum modes as the similariton waves propagate along tapered graded-index waveguides, and should be of importance in guiding their design.
description: 14 pages, 3 figures
Reducing False Alarms in Searches for Gravitational Waves from Coalescing Binary Systems
Creators: name: Rodriguez, Andres
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: LIGO observatories in Livingston, LA and Hanford, WA may detect gravitational waves emitted from coalescing binary systems composed of two compact objects. In order to detect compact binary coalescence (CBC) events, LIGO searches utilize matched filtering techniques. Matched filtering is the optimal detection strategy for stationary, Gaussian noise, however, LIGO noise is often non-stationary, non-Gaussian. Non-stationary noise result in an excess of false candidate events, commonly known as false alarms. This thesis develops the r^2 test to reduce the false alarm rate for LIGO CBC searches. Results of the search for primordial black hole binary systems (where each object has less than 1M_solar), in LIGO's Third Science Run (S3) is also presented. Results of the r^2 test are shown for several LIGO CBC searches, including the binary neutron star searches in the Third and Fourth Science Runs (S3/S4), the S3/S4 primordial black hole searches, and the binary black hole search in the first three months of the Fifth Science Run (S5). The r^2 test significantly reduces the false alarm rate in these searches, while only falsely dismissing a small fraction of simulated events.
description: 70 pages, 30 figures
Reversible Reciprocal Relation of Thermoelectricity
Creators: name: Hua, Yu-Chao
name: Xue, Ti-Wei
name: Guo, Zeng-Yuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The first Kelvin relation that states the Peltier coefficient should be equal to the product of temperature and Seebeck coefficient is a fundamental principle in thermoelectricity. It has been regarded as an important application and direct experimental verification of Onsager reciprocal relation (ORR) that is a cornerstone of irreversible thermodynamics. However, some critical questions still remain: why Kelvin's proof that omits all irreversibility within a thermoelectric transport process can reach the correct result, how to properly select the generalized-force-flux pairs for deriving the first Kelvin relation from ORR, and whether the first Kelvin relation is restricted by the requirement of linear transport regime. The present work is to answer these questions based on the fundamental thermodynamic principles. Since the thermoelectric effects are reversible, we can redefine the Seebeck and Peltier coefficients using the quantities in reversible processes with no time derivative involved, which are renamed as "reversible Seebeck and Peltier coefficients". The relation between them (called "the reversible reciprocal relation of thermoelectricity") is derived from the Maxwell relations, which can be reduced to the conventional Kelvin relation, when the local equilibrium assumption (LEA) is adopted. In this sense, the validity of the first Kelvin relation is guaranteed by the reversible thermodynamic principles and LEA, without the requirement of linear transport process. Additionally, the generalized force-flux pairs to obtain the first Kelvin relation from ORR can be proper both mathematically and thermodynamically, only when they correspond to the conjugate-variable pairs of which Maxwell relations can yield the reversible reciprocal relation. The present theoretical framework can be further extended to other coupled phenomena.
description: 23 pages and 2 figures, Kelvin relations, Maxwell relation, Reciprocal relation, Thermoelectricity
Families of Q-balls in a deformed $O(4)$ linear sigma model
Creators: name: Alonso-Izquierdo, Albertp
name: Sanchez, Carlos Garzon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper the existence of analytical solutions describing $Q$-balls in a family of deformed $O(4)$ sigma models in (1+1) dimensions has been investigated. These models involve two complex scalar fields whose coupling breaks the $O(4)$ symmetry group to $U(1)\times U(1)$. It has been shown that there are two types of single $Q$-balls rotating around each of the components of the internal space and a one-parameter family of composite $Q$-balls. These composite solutions consist of two single $Q$-balls (separated by a distance determined by the family parameter) spinning around each complex field with the same internal rotation frequency.
description: 22 pages, 8 figures
On Loop States in Loop Quantum Gravity
Creators: name: Dass, N. D. Hari
name: Mathur, Manu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explicitly construct and characterize all possible independent loop states in 3+1 dimensional loop quantum gravity by regulating it on a 3-d regular lattice in the Hamiltonian formalism. These loop states, characterized by the (dual) angular momentum quantum numbers, describe SU(2) rigid rotators on the links of the lattice. The loop states are constructed using the Schwinger bosons which are harmonic oscillators in the fundamental (spin half) representation of SU(2). Using generalized Wigner Eckart theorem, we compute the matrix elements of the volume operator in the loop basis. Some simple loop eigenstates of the volume operator are explicitly constructed.
description: 12 pages, 3 figures, the version to be published in Classical and Quantum Gravity
Painting Invasion and Colonisation: Provisional Evocations of the Past
Creators: name: Price, Timothy Evan
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Tasmania
history
painting
invasion
colonisation

description: This studio-based research explores how painting can act as a vehicle for my reflections on the invasion and colonisation of Tasmania. The project brings together three fields of inquiry: the history of invasion and colonisation in Tasmania, contemporary politics, and the history and contemporary practice of painting. My research questions focus on exploring how aspects of each field touch and animate each other and how painting might delve into important problems of a complex, contested and violent history. Distinctively, this studio research responds to extensive reading of both primary sources such as the journals of George Robinson, and current perspectives on our contact history. The contemporary historical studies I reference include Lyndall Ryan’s The Aboriginal Tasmanians, Henry Reynolds' Fate of A Free People and A History of Tasmania, Patsy Cameron's Grease and Ochre, Graeme Calder’s Levee, Line and Martial Law, and James Boyce’s Van Diemen’s Land. In reflecting on the written record through drawing and painting in the studio, I discuss the potentials, limitations and implications of working from primary sources as compared with historical scholarship. The intersection of questions of history and painting demands my discussion of key examples of history painting: Pieter Bruegel the Elder, Jacques-Louis David, Francisco Goya, Edouard Manet, Sidney Nolan, and Gordon Bennett. These artists each developed their own methods for vividly animating significant moral narratives from their milieus. Most importantly, the sorts of compositions, aesthetics, and processes they utilise reflect each artist’s relationship with their society and history. Given the evident impossibility of definitively recreating or depicting specific events from our past, I have developed a process for evoking the lived experiences of historic events while not depicting them in detail. I draw on TJ Clark’s work on discuss the principles of contingency, Raphael Rubenstein on provisionality in painting, and Michael Fried’s theories of absorption and embodiment as all having contributed significantly to my approach to the painting process. This exegesis tracks a period of sustained experimentation through which I develop a process contingent on a multiplicity of texts, my studio experiences, and my imagining of the events to develop a contemporary painting practice as an uncertain, open and honest engagement with the brutal realities of our past.
Seismoelectric effects of electrokinetic origin
Creators: name: Butler, Karl Edward
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Seismoelectric effects are electromagnetic signals that arise when seismic waves stress earth materials. Their measurement is challenging because they are typically much weaker than the ambient electromagnetic noise. For this study, specialized instrumentation, field methods, and data processing techniques were employed to eliminate acquisition artifacts, and optimize signal-to-noise ratios. Experimental data were acquired which demonstrate clearly that seismoelectric effects can be measured in the field, and used to map shallow boundaries in porous sediments. Two types of seismoelectric signals were observed during field experiments at Ffaney, BC. The primary response was generated as compressional waves impinged upon a boundary between road fill and impermeable glacial till. Sledgehammer and blasting cap seismic sources positioned up to 7 m away from the boundary induced seismoelectric conversions with amplitudes of up to 1 mV/m, which were measured at the surface with grounded dipole receivers. This response arrived simultaneously at widely separated receivers, and was the dominant signal observed at near offsets. Recordings taken by receivers farther from the shotpoint were dominated by a second type of seismoelectric arrival which originated in the immediate vicinity of each dipole. Attempts to use seismoelectric conversions to map boundaries at other sites were not successful, but signals like the secondary arrivals at Ffaney were observed in all cases. Electrokinetic effects, arising from motion between the pore liquid and solid frame, are considered the most likely mechanism for the seismoelectric responses presented here. A simple conceptual model for seismically-induced electrokinetic effects can account for the two types of arrivals observed in field data. The model predicts that charge separations induced by a compressional wave in porous media produce electric fields that are observed (i) as the seismic wave passes by a receiver, and (ii) when the distribution of charge associated with the seismic wave is altered by a boundary or other inhomogeneity. In principle the boundary may separate regions with differing elastic or electrical/electrokinetic properties, permeabilities, or pore fluids since all of these factors influence charge transport. The experimental results from Haney, BC, support this model and other more elaborate theories for seismoelectric effects of electrokinetic origin.
Phase Locking between Two All-Optical Quantum Memories
Creators: name: Okamoto, Fumiya
name: Endo, Mamoru
name: Matsuyama, Mikihisa
name: Ishizuka, Yuya
name: Liu, Yang
name: Sakakibara, Rei
name: Hashimoto, Yosuke
name: Yoshikawa, Jun-ichi
name: van Loock, Peter
name: Furusawa, Akira
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Optical approaches to quantum computation require the creation of multi-mode photonic quantum states in a controlled fashion. Here we experimentally demonstrate phase locking of two all-optical quantum memories, based on a concatenated cavity system with phase reference beams, for the time-controlled release of two-mode entangled single-photon states. The release time for each mode can be independently determined. The generated states are characterized by two-mode optical homodyne tomography. Entanglement and nonclassicality are preserved for release-time differences up to 400 ns, confirmed by logarithmic negativities and Wigner-function negativities, respectively.
description: 15 pages, 15 figures
Representation Learning for Tablet and Paper Domain Adaptation in Favor of Online Handwriting Recognition
Creators: name: Ott, Felix
name: Rügamer, David
name: Heublein, Lucas
name: Bischl, Bernd
name: Mutschler, Christopher
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.4
subject: 49Q22, 62M10

description: The performance of a machine learning model degrades when it is applied to data from a similar but different domain than the data it has initially been trained on. The goal of domain adaptation (DA) is to mitigate this domain shift problem by searching for an optimal feature transformation to learn a domain-invariant representation. Such a domain shift can appear in handwriting recognition (HWR) applications where the motion pattern of the hand and with that the motion pattern of the pen is different for writing on paper and on tablet. This becomes visible in the sensor data for online handwriting (OnHW) from pens with integrated inertial measurement units. This paper proposes a supervised DA approach to enhance learning for OnHW recognition between tablet and paper data. Our method exploits loss functions such as maximum mean discrepancy and correlation alignment to learn a domain-invariant feature representation (i.e., similar covariances between tablet and paper features). We use a triplet loss that takes negative samples of the auxiliary domain (i.e., paper samples) to increase the amount of samples of the tablet dataset. We conduct an evaluation on novel sequence-based OnHW datasets (i.e., words) and show an improvement on the paper domain with an early fusion strategy by using pairwise learning.
description: Accepted at IAPR Intl. Workshop on Multimodal Pattern Recognition of Social Signals in Human Computer Interaction (MPRSS), Montreal, Canada, August 2022
Linear and quadratic Chabauty for affine hyperbolic curves
Creators: name: Leonhardt, Marius
name: Lüdtke, Martin
name: Müller, J. Steffen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14G05 (Primary) 11G30, 11D45 (Secondary)

description: We give sufficient conditions for finiteness of linear and quadratic refined Chabauty-Kim loci of affine hyperbolic curves. We achieve this by constructing depth $\leq 2$ quotients of the fundamental group, following a construction of Balakrishnan-Dogra in the projective case. We also apply Betts' machinery of weight filtrations to give unconditional explicit upper bounds on the number of S-integral points when our conditions are satisfied.
description: 20 pages; comments welcome
PointSmile: Point Self-supervised Learning via Curriculum Mutual Information
Creators: name: Li, Xin
name: Wei, Mingqiang
name: Chen, Songcan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Self-supervised learning is attracting wide attention in point cloud processing. However, it is still not well-solved to gain discriminative and transferable features of point clouds for efficient training on downstream tasks, due to their natural sparsity and irregularity. We propose PointSmile, a reconstruction-free self-supervised learning paradigm by maximizing curriculum mutual information (CMI) across the replicas of point cloud objects. From the perspective of how-and-what-to-learn, PointSmile is designed to imitate human curriculum learning, i.e., starting with an easy curriculum and gradually increasing the difficulty of that curriculum. To solve "how-to-learn", we introduce curriculum data augmentation (CDA) of point clouds. CDA encourages PointSmile to learn from easy samples to hard ones, such that the latent space can be dynamically affected to create better embeddings. To solve "what-to-learn", we propose to maximize both feature- and class-wise CMI, for better extracting discriminative features of point clouds. Unlike most of existing methods, PointSmile does not require a pretext task, nor does it require cross-modal data to yield rich latent representations. We demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of PointSmile in downstream tasks including object classification and segmentation. Extensive results show that our PointSmile outperforms existing self-supervised methods, and compares favorably with popular fully-supervised methods on various standard architectures.
Topological Order from Measurements and Feed-Forward on a Trapped Ion Quantum Computer
Creators: name: Iqbal, Mohsin
name: Tantivasadakarn, Nathanan
name: Gatterman, Thomas M.
name: Gerber, Justin A.
name: Gilmore, Kevin
name: Gresh, Dan
name: Hankin, Aaron
name: Hewitt, Nathan
name: Horst, Chandler V.
name: Matheny, Mitchell
name: Mengle, Tanner
name: Neyenhuis, Brian
name: Vishwanath, Ashvin
name: Foss-Feig, Michael
name: Verresen, Ruben
name: Dreyer, Henrik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum systems evolve in time in one of two ways: through the Schrödinger equation or wavefunction collapse. So far, deterministic control of quantum many-body systems in the lab has focused on the former, due to the probabilistic nature of measurements. This imposes serious limitations: preparing long-range entangled states, for example, requires extensive circuit depth if restricted to unitary dynamics. In this work, we use mid-circuit measurement and feed-forward to implement deterministic non-unitary dynamics on Quantinuum's H1 programmable ion-trap quantum computer. Enabled by these capabilities, we demonstrate for the first time a constant-depth procedure for creating a toric code ground state in real-time. In addition to reaching high stabilizer fidelities, we create a non-Abelian defect whose presence is confirmed by transmuting anyons via braiding. This work clears the way towards creating complex topological orders in the lab and exploring deterministic non-unitary dynamics via measurement and feed-forward.
description: 5 + 8 pages, 3 + 5 figures, v2: added a reference
The Harer-Zagier and Jackson formulas and new results for one-face bipartite maps
Creators: name: Chen, Ricky X. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05E10, 05A15

description: The study of bipartite maps (or Grothendieck's dessins d'enfants) is closely connected with geometry, mathematical physics and free probability. Here we study these objects from their permutation factorization formulation using a novel character theory approach. We first present some general symmetric function expressions for the number of products of two permutations respectively from two arbitrary, but fixed, conjugacy classes indexed by $α$ and $γ$ which produce a permutation with $m$ cycles. Our next objective is to derive explicit formulas for the cases where $α$ corresponds to full cycles, i.e., one-face bipartite maps. We prove a far-reaching explicit formula, and show that the number for any $γ$ can be iteratively reduced to that of products of two full cycles, which implies an efficient dimension-reduction algorithm for building a database of all these numbers. Note that the number for products of two full cycles can be computed by the Zagier-Stanley formula. Also, in a unified way, we easily prove the celebrated Harer-Zagier formula and Jackson's formula, and we obtain explicit formulas for several new families as well.
description: This version contains detailed proofs for Theorem 4.5 and 4.6 in the published version in Proc. AMS, and includes the symmetric function description for general bipartite maps and the derivation of Jackson's formula which did not appear in the previous arXiv versions
Cosmological Constant of the $(p+1)$-Dimensional World, Embedded in the $d$-Dimensional Bulk Space
Creators: name: Kamani, Davoud
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this manuscript we study the cosmological constant of a $(p+1)$-dimensional world, which lives in the higher dimensional bulk space. We assume the extra dimensions are compact on tori. We consider two cases: positive and negative bulk cosmological constant. It is pointed out that the tiny cosmological constant of our world can be obtained by the dynamics of a scalar field and adjusting the parameters of the model. The cosmological constant of the dual world also will be discussed. We obtain the Dirac quantization of these cosmological constants.
description: 11 pages, Latex, No figure. In the revised version, major changes have been introduced and also references have been added
Non-linear stability of soliton solutions for massive tensor-multi-scalar-theories
Creators: name: Falcone, Riccardo
name: Doneva, Daniela D.
name: Kokkotas, Kostas D.
name: Yazadjiev, Stoytcho S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The aim of this paper is to study the stability of soliton-like static solutions via non-linear simulations in the context of a special class of massive tensor-multi-scalar-theories of gravity whose target space metric admits Killing field(s) with a periodic flow. We focused on the case with two scalar fields and maximally symmetric target space metric, as the simplest configuration where solitonic solutions can exist. In the limit of zero curvature of the target space $κ= 0$ these solutions reduce to the standard boson stars, while for $κ\ne 0$ significant deviations can be observed, both qualitative and quantitative. By evolving these solitonic solutions in time, we show that they are stable for low values of the central scalar field $ψ_c$ while instability kicks in with the increase of $ψ_c$. Specifically, in the stable region, the models oscillate with a characteristic frequency related to the fundamental mode. Such frequency tends to zero with the approach of the unstable models and eventually becomes imaginary when the solitonic solutions lose stability. As expected from the study of the equilibrium models, the change of stability occurs exactly at the maximum mass point, which was checked numerically with a very good accuracy.
Two-charge small black hole entropy: String-loops and multi-strings
Creators: name: Sinha, Aninda
name: Suryanarayana, Nemani V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the inclusion of 10-dimensional string loop corrections to the entropy function of two-charge extremal small black holes of the heterotic string theory compactified on S^1 x T^5 and show that the entropy is given by π\sqrt{a q_1 q_2+b q_1} where q_1 and q_2 are the charges with q_1 >> q_2 >> 1 and a and b are constants. Incorporating certain multi-string states into the microstate counting, we show that the new statistical entropy is consistent with the macroscopic scaling for one and two units of momentum (winding) and large winding (momentum). We discuss our scaling from the point of view of related AdS_3 central charge and counting of chiral primaries in superconformal quantum mechanics as well.
description: 18 pages