cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Determinacy of Refinements to the Difference Hierarchy of Co-analytic Sets
Creators: name: Sueur, Chris Le
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 03E60 (Primary) 03E30 (Secondary)

description: In this paper we develop a technique for proving determinacy of classes of the form $ω^2-Π^1_1+Γ$ (a refinement of the difference hierarchy on the co-analytic sets lying between $ω^2-Π^1_1$ and $(ω^2+1)-Π^1_1$) from weak principles, establishing upper bounds for the determinacy-strength of the classes $ω^2-Π^1_1+Σ^0_α$ for all computable $α$ and of $ω^2-Π^1_1+Δ^1_1$. This bridges the gap between previously known hypotheses implying determinacy in this region.
description: 40 pages
title: The Pharmacological Manipulation of the Nrf2 Pathway and Its Therapeutic Significance
Creators: name: Olayanju, Adedamola
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2015

description: Nrf2 (Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2), a redox-sensitive transcription factor, plays a critical role in the regulation of cellular defence and contributes to a number of cellular processes. Nrf2 is regulated through an interplay of complex transcriptional and post-translational mechanisms that modulates its activity during cellular perturbations or other biological processes thereby ensuring cellular homeostasis is maintained through the orchestration of adaptive responses. However, there is mounting evidence that constitutive upregulation of the Nrf2 pathway drives the enhanced proliferation and chemoresistance of various cancers. Therefore, an ability to modulate the activity of the Nrf2 pathway holds promise as a therapeutic strategy in certain disease settings. The work presented in this thesis showed that CDDO-Me provoked the induction of the Nrf2 pathway in C57BL6J WT and Nrf2 KO mice and CD1 WT mice. Analysis of CDDO-Me induced gene expression changes in both WT and Nrf2 KO mice showed a significant increase in the relative mRNA levels of ARE-dependent genes in the livers of CDDO-Me treated WT animals. Notably, CDDO-Me also provoked the accumulation of Nrf2 and NQO1 in human PBMCs and PHHs demonstrating its translational relevance. The mechanism of action of CDDO-Me as an inducer of Nrf2 is poorly understood. It was shown here that CDDO-Me post-transcriptionally evoked concentration and time-dependent, accumulation of Nrf2 protein in Hepa1c1c7 cells. Furthermore, CDDO-Me was shown to stabilize Nrf2 protein independently of the modulation of protein kinases and other signalling pathways that are purported to regulate Nrf2 activity. The work here also provides in vitro insights into the molecular mechanism of Nrf2 inhibition by the quassinoid brusatol. Brusatol post-transcriptionally evoked concentration- and time-dependent, yet transient, depletion of basal and inducible protein levels of Nrf2 in Hepa-1c1c7 cells. Furthermore, the ability of brusatol to inhibit Nrf2 was not affected by siRNA depletion of Keap1. In keeping with the latter observation, brusatol induced the depletion of Nrf2 independently of the proteasome and autophagic degradation machineries. Thus, these findings indicate that brusatol exploits a previously unknown mechanism of Nrf2 degradation. By examining the molecular mechanisms underlying the activation of Nrf2 by CDDO-Me and its inhibition by brusatol, this work reveals novel aspects of regulation within this important cellular pathway, and informs the design of new pharmacological inducers and inhibitors, which hold promise as therapeutic agents in a number of diseases.
title: Farming and landholding in a Wealden Parish : a study of farmers in Frettenden 1800-1870
Creators: name: Betts, Philip Francis John
Publisher: name: University of Kent
Year: 2023

description: The position of the farmer in Victorian agriculture and society is an area largely overlooked in recent historical analysis. This thesis draws the condition of the relatively small farmers in the parish of Frittenden and in so doing describes the significant changes in crop production not obviously in line with Caird's, and indeed subsequent, generalisations of a corn growing east of England. Chapters 1 and 2 provide the background to the research, the sources incorporated, and provides an outline of the parish of Frittenden. Part I presents the main body of the Thesis; Chapters 3 and 4 describe the basis of landownership and plot the economic fortunes of the farmers through the rentals payable, together with the history of arrears recorded. Chapters 5 and 6 trace the husbandry and crops in the parish, while chapter 7 outlines the workforce and the course of wages. Chapter 8 outlines the relationship between crafts and trades and the agricultural community. Part II considers sociological aspects; Chapter 10, considers the role of kinship, marriage alliances and use of related labour particularly as a substitute for live-in labour. Chapter 11 brings out the role of the farmer in the administration of the parish, while Chapter 12 further examines parish administration but in the religious context, particularly the role of Edward Moore. Chapter 13 is a case study, providing support at the family level for the findings for the Parish as a whole. Chapter 14, outlines the conclusion that small farms continued throughout the period 1800-70, while other farms became larger at the expense of the more moderate sized farm. However, it had been the mediumsized farm that had prospered during the deep and long-run economic depression experienced almost continuously from the Napoleonic Wars until the 1850s. The delayed influence of the railway and London market is also apparent. The Appendix indicates the methodology used and in particular the various software permutations in the collection and analysis of data. It shows how the database was central to the analysis but that spreadsheets and wordprocessing played a major role, not least in providing additional tools for analysing the database.
title: Elucidating mechanisms of carbamate resistance and carbamate/pyrethroid cross resistance in An. funestus in Africa
Creators: name: Ndula, Miranda
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2016

description: Malaria remains one of the most debilitating tropical diseases with more than 90% of cases in Africa among children under five and pregnant women. Resistance observed against the main insecticides used in public health sector in major vectors such as Anopheles funestus is threatening the success of vector control interventions. To improve the design of suitable resistance management strategies, it is crucial to elucidate the underlining molecular basis of resistance or cross-resistance between insecticides and also establish patterns of gene flow between populations to predict the speed and direction of spread of resistance genes. To address these questions, this study has investigated the molecular basis of resistance to carbamates and cross/resistance to carbamates/pyrethroids in a population of An. funestus from Malawi. This study has revealed that metabolic resistance is the main mechanism driving carbamate resistance through the over-expression of Cytochrome P450 genes. Genome-wide microarray-based transcription analyses consistently revealed that the duplicated P450 genes CYP6P9a and CYP6P9b were among the most up-regulated genes (>2-fold; P
Lectures on singular stochastic PDEs
Creators: name: Gubinelli, M.
name: Perkowski, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: These are the notes for a course at the 18th Brazilian School of Probability held from August 3rd to 9th, 2014 in Mambucaba. The aim of the course is to introduce the basic problems of non--linear PDEs with stochastic and irregular terms. We explain how it is possible to handle them using two main techniques: the notion of energy solutions and that of paracontrolled distributions. In order to maintain a link with physical intuitions, we motivate such singular SPDEs via a homogenisation result for a diffusion in a random potential.
description: 73 pages, 4 figures
title: Processes affecting the cycling of iron in the Atlantic Ocean
Creators: name: Rogan, Nicholas
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2015

description: Iron is important in determining the biogeochemistry of the oceans and has a strong control on ocean productivity. The sources of iron vary from atmospheric supply of desert dust, resuspension of oceanic sediments and fluxing of volcanic material out of vents into the deep ocean. Iron is very reactive in the water column and interacts with organic ligands, to form metal complexes, and particles via surface association. The interaction of these processes determines the ocean basin-wide distribution of total dissolved iron. Observational measurements of 234Th and 238U were used to estimate the particle scavenging fluxes of iron in the subpolar North Atlantic, resulting in mean iron losses of 1.03�0.89 pM Fe d
Basins of attraction of chimera states on networks
Creators: name: Li, Qiang
name: Larosz, Kelly C.
name: Han, Dingding
name: Ji, Peng
name: Kurths, Jürgen
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: complex networks
subject: synchronization patterns
subject: basin stability
subject: chimera states
subject: brain network
subject: 610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Networks of identical coupled oscillators display a remarkable spatiotemporal pattern, the chimera state, where coherent oscillations coexist with incoherent ones. In this paper we show quantitatively in terms of basin stability that stable and breathing chimera states in the original two coupled networks typically have very small basins of attraction. In fact, the original system is dominated by periodic and quasi-periodic chimera states, in strong contrast to the model after reduction, which can not be uncovered by the Ott-Antonsen ansatz. Moreover, we demonstrate that the curve of the basin stability behaves bimodally after the system being subjected to even large perturbations. Finally, we investigate the emergence of chimera states in brain network, through inducing perturbations by stimulating brain regions. The emerged chimera states are quantified by Kuramoto order parameter and chimera index, and results show a weak and negative correlation between these two metrics.
title: The effects of gaze control and body segment recoupling on human gait and foot pressure variability: a modern and evolutionary perspective
Creators: name: Webster, Emma
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2016

description: This thesis investigates the relationships between gaze control, body segment coupling, and foot pressure patterns during walking, and discusses the resulting implications for both modern humans and our evolution. One of the major changes thought to underlie the transition between Australopithecus and Homo is the decoupling of the head and shoulders, and trunk and hips. The independent rotation of these segments enables greater control of the torque and free moments resulting from leg swing, and is considered key in the control of bipedal locomotion. Fossil evidence of semicircular canal morphology (Spoor et al., 1994) also indicates congruent changes in the vestibular system, which alongside the ability to track moving objects with clarity using smooth pursuit eye movements, are likely to have been fundamental to sensory integration and prioritisation during locomotion. This research therefore assesses how the increased neurological demands of active visual tracking in environments of varying visual complexity, and the artificial recoupling of body segments, impact on foot pressure variability during locomotion in modern man. The results demonstrate that foot pressure variability appears unaffected by larger levels of background visual clutter when tracking using smooth pursuit eye movements - variability appears to be higher in very low levels of visual clutter when there is a relative absence of visual referents. This variability was found to further increase when undertaking a secondary auditory task whilst compared to visual tracking alone. When considering the effects of experimental recoupling of body segments, an increase in foot pressure variability was also observed when compared to natural unrestricted walking, with increased arm and leg swing appearing to compensate for reduced hip and shoulder rotations. These changes in foot pressure variability indicate less consistent gait patterns, and suggest the utilisation of postural correction mechanisms, such as the lateral ankle strategy, to remain stable. The normal ageing process, and resulting joint stiffness and visual, vestibular, and cognitive decline, may be expected to exacerbate such variability increasing the likelihood of falls. This research therefore not only contributes to the understanding of potential locomotor strategies in early hominins, but also has significant implications for the safety of the elderly and infirm during locomotion, particularly with respect to the built environment.
Picard-Lefschetz oscillators for the Drinfeld-Lafforgue-Vinberg degeneration for SL_2
Creators: name: Schieder, Simon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let G be a reductive group and let Bun_G denote the moduli stack of G-bundles on a smooth projective curve. We begin the study of the singularities of a canonical compactification of Bun_G due to V. Drinfeld (unpublished), which we refer to as the Drinfeld-Lafforgue-Vinberg compactification. For G=GL_n certain smooth open substacks of this compactification have already appeared in the work of Drinfeld and of L. Lafforgue on the Langlands correspondence for function fields. The Drinfeld-Lafforgue-Vinberg compactification is however already singular for G=SL_2; questions about its singularities arise naturally in the geometric Langlands program, and form the topic of the present article. Drinfeld's definition of the compactification for a general reductive group G relies on the Vinberg semigroup of G, and will be given in [Sch]. In the present paper we focus on the case G=SL_2. In this case the compactification can alternatively be viewed as a canonical one-parameter degeneration of the moduli space of SL_2-bundles. We study the singularities of this degeneration via the weight-monodromy theory of its nearby cycles: We give an explicit description of the nearby cycles sheaf in terms of certain novel perverse sheaves which we call "Picard-Lefschetz oscillators" and which govern the singularities of the degeneration. We then use this description to determine its intersection cohomology sheaf and other invariants of its singularities. We also discuss the relationship of our results for G=SL_2 with the miraculous duality of Drinfeld and Gaitsgory in the geometric Langlands program, as well as two applications of our results to the classical theory: To Drinfeld's and Wang's "strange" invariant bilinear form on the space of automorphic forms; and to the categorification of the Bernstein asymptotics map studied by Bezrukavnikov and Kazhdan as well as by Sakellaridis and Venkatesh.
description: 80 pages. To appear in Duke Mathematical Journal
title: Collaborative approach for developing a more effective regional planning framework in Egypt: ecotourism development as case study
Creators: name: Kenawy, Emad
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2015

description: In Egypt, as in most developing countries, highly technical plans are drawn up, but nobody puts them into practice. They always end up gathering dust on the shelves of national agencies or local government without being utilised to make improvements to local economic or environmental well-being. The main flaws in the current plan-making process are centred on central government’s monopoly in decision-making; fragmentation between government agencies leading to multiple and often conflicting spatial plans for the same location; and an absence of effective negotiation mechanisms between various stakeholders. These problems can be clearly demonstrated with reference to ecotourism planning. Such plans are being developed in highly sensitive regions, both environmentally and culturally, and there is a wide spectrum of stakeholders who are affected and influenced by any ecotourism development. Ecotourism development planning is a complex issue to the extent that it is beyond the capacity of any one stakeholder acting alone to resolve. These arguments are circular and very unlikely to be solved without effective collaboration between relevant stakeholders; such collaboration may avoid the costs of resolving long-running conflicts and improve the implementation rate of plans. The most appropriate starting point for this is focusing on the planning process by ensuring that development plans properly reflect stakeholder interests and deal with their conflicts through face-to-face dialogue. Therefore, the main aim of this thesis was ″To design a practical framework for operationalising a collaborative planning approach in regional planning using ecotourism development as a case study″. A case study approach was adopted to examine whether the formulated conceptual framework could be applied in practice. Evidence from the case studies was drawn from a critical documentary review of three Egyptian ecotourism planning initiatives, combined with observation and semi-structured interviews with 67 ecotourism experts and stakeholders. Gaps in operationalising stakeholder engagement in the current planning processes as well as the barriers which have hindered the efficiency of stakeholder participation were identified from this evaluation. The final part of this thesis attempted to provide a number of recommendations to fill in these gaps and mitigate the barriers. The most important contribution was that of developing a practical framework for collaborative ecotourism planning that could be used to enhance stakeholder engagement during the planning process, for regional development in general and ecotourism in particular. This framework attempted to provide a methodology and guidelines on the operationalisation of stakeholder engagement during the planning process, designed to increase the likely success of plan implementation.
Montfortian Education Charter (MEC) in the Modern Age - Responding to Global Challenges
Creators: name: Bro. Kriangsak Mayod
Publisher: name: Graduate School of Business and Advanced Technology Management
Year: 2023
Subjects: Montfort Brothers of St. Gabriel
Montfortian Education Charter (MEC)
Education in the 21st century

description: ABAC ODI Journal Vision. Action. Outcome, 11, 1, 78-91
PhD Proposal: Conceptualizing and Realizing a Value-Centered Privacy Assistant
Creators: name: Carter, Sarah E.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: privacy assistant
mobile applications
values

description: SE Carter PhD project proposal, part of the I3E2021 Doctoral Symposium. Includes presentation recording and written proposal. Abstract A challenge of data ethics is understanding data collection practices in a manner that is personally meaningful
 for users. For the first two years of my PhD research, I have focused on conceptualizing privacy as an
 expression of values and developing a framework for realizing and testing this conceptualization. From these,
 I further conceptualized a modified personalized privacy assistant (PPA) technology called a value-centered
 privacy assistant (VcPA). This assistant would facilitate users to act in accordance with their values in digital
 privacy decision making – in particular, when deciding whether to download an application to their
 smartphone. Here, I begin by briefly describing this conceptualization of digital privacy decision-making and
 ground it in multidisciplinary literature. I then propose a framework for creating a VcPA called the Selective
 Facilitated Reflection Framework (SFRF). Lastly, I describe how I will test the SFRF empirically using a
 mixed-methods approach of surveys, a “mock app store” exercise, and semi-structured interviews.
Concurrent Bursty Behavior of Social Sensors in Sporting Events
Creators: name: Takeichi, Yuki
name: Sasahara, Kazutoshi
name: Suzuki, Reji
name: Arita, Takaya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The advent of social media expands our ability to transmit information and connect with others instantly, which enables us to behave as "social sensors." Here, we studied concurrent bursty behavior of Twitter users during major sporting events to determine their function as social sensors. We show that the degree of concurrent bursts in tweets (posts) and retweets (re-posts) works as a strong indicator of winning or losing a game. More specifically, our simple tweet analysis of Japanese professional baseball games in 2013 revealed that social sensors can immediately react to positive and negative events through bursts of tweets, but that positive events are more likely to induce a subsequent burst of retweets. We also show that these findings hold true across cultures by analyzing tweets related to Major League Baseball games in 2015. Furthermore, we demonstrate active interactions among social sensors by constructing retweet networks during a baseball game. The resulting networks commonly exhibited user clusters depending on the baseball team, with a scale-free connectedness that is indicative of a substantial difference in user popularity as an information source. While previous studies have mainly focused on bursts of tweets as a simple indicator of a real-world event, the temporal correlation between tweets and retweets implies unique aspects of social sensors, offering new insights into human behavior in a highly connected world.
description: 17 pages, 8 figures
Additional file 2: of Effect of a low glycaemic index diet during pregnancy on maternal and cord blood metabolomic profiles: results from the ROLO randomized controlled trial
Creators: name: Marchioro, Linda
name: Geraghty, Aisling
name: Uhl, Olaf
name: Engy Shokry
name: OâBrien, Eileen
name: Koletzko, Berthold
name: McAuliffe, Fionnuala
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Hematology

description: Sensitivity analyses for maternal blood. (DOCX 25 kb)
Quantum dynamics of the early universe
Creators: name: Kuzmichev, V. E.
name: Kuzmichev, V. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum gravity may shed light on the prehistory of the universe. Quantum corrections to gravity affect the dynamics of the expansion of the universe. Their influence is studied on the example of the exactly solvable quantum model. The corrections to the energy density and pressure lead to the emergence of an additional attraction (like dark matter) or repulsion (like dark energy) in the quantum system of the gravitating matter and radiation. The model explains the accelerating expansion (inflation) in the early universe (the domain of comparatively small values of quantum numbers) and a later transition from the decelerating expansion to the accelerating expansion of the universe (the domain of the very large values of quantum numbers) from a single approach. The generation of primordial fluctuations of the energy density at the expense of the change of sign of the quantum correction to the pressure is discussed.
description: 5 two-column pages, 4 EPS figures; v.2: refreshed and based on a talk given at the conference Fundamentals of Astroparticle and Quantum Physics, 17 - 23 September, 2017, BITP, Kyiv, Ukraine
title: Metallurgical characterisation of 1st and 2nd century AD Roman copper-alloy military equipment from north-western Europe
Creators: name: Fernandez-Reyes, Pablo
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2015

description: Roman military equipment has traditionally been studied from a typological perspective based on a linear concept of change. Whilst Roman alloys have been analysed scientifically and general studies on them have been published, analysis of military equipment has been scarce and mostly secluded as part of excavation reports of individual sites. Scientific analysis though, can provide independent ways of studying military equipment. It can answer questions about production and distribution of the raw materials and finished objects and is capable of informing on reasons for technological choices (the intention of obtaining determinate colours, for example), and identification of military units. A total of 216 copper-alloy military objects from the British sites of South Cadbury Castle, Ham Hill, Usk, Carlisle, Chester and Kingsholm, and the German site of Kalkriese were selected for obtaining metallurgical characterisation: chemical analysis at major, minor and trace element level and microstructural analysis to obtain fabrication history and identifying any plating. The analytical techniques employed were atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS), scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive x-ray spectrometry (SEM-EDS), optical microscopy and multivariate statistics methods such as principal component analysis (PCA), discriminant analysis (DA) and multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA). The aim of the project was to characterise the chemical and physical make-up of Roman military copper-alloy metalwork from the 1st century AD, with especial interest in the immediate post-conquest period. The results of the analysis show a difference between the Roman military equipment from British sites and the equipment from Kalkriese, based on trace element patterns. This difference can be explained by a large input of material into Britain that had been made in the years before AD43 in preparation for the conquest. Contrary to recent scholarship, and based on compositional and microstructural evidence, some lorica segmentata brass fittings seem to have been centrally produced. Primary brass and specific gunmetal compositions seem to be associated with the military and probably chosen primarily for their appearance and resemblance to gold, rather than for their mechanical properties. The possibility of mechanised production of brass is explored based on the brass ingot from Sheepen.
Factors Influencing Behavioral Intention Towards MOOC Platform of Jingdezhen Vocational University of Art Students Majoring in Art and Design in Jiangxi Province China
Creators: name: Jingyi Huang
Publisher: name: Graduate School of Business and Advanced Technology Management
Year: 2023
Subjects: MOOC Platform
Self-Efficacy
Perceived Ease of Use
Perceived Usefulness
Attitude
Performance Expectancy
Subjective Norm
Behavioral Intention

description: ABAC ODI Journal Vision. Action. Outcome, 11, 1, 92-108
title: New science exploration from XFEL: a new paradigm for structural visualisation of macromolecules
Creators: name: Gallagher-Jones, Marcus
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2015

description: X-rays have a long-standing history as an investigative probe in the sciences, and in particular their application to the biological and biomedical sciences has provided an enormous contribution to these fields. Indeed structural biology, the study of the molecules of life at an atomic scale via macromolecular crystallography, has been a major benefactor of advances in x-ray radiation sources. Currently two major bottlenecks exist within this field, the need for well diffracting crystals and radiation damage limitations. The advent of fourth generation x-ray sources, X-ray Free-electron Lasers (XFEL) heralds a shift in the way such experiments are performed. XFELs, due to their high brilliance and ultra short (fs) pulses, hope to decouple radiation dose limitations from spatial resolution by outrunning this radiation damage in short exposures, ‘diffraction before destruction’. This thesis is concerned with exploring experimental methodologies made possible by XFELs, including establishing the experimental infrastructure required at the worlds second XFEL, SACLA, and performing initial experiments. Firstly the potential of performing gas-phase small angle x-ray scattering experiments (gSAXS) is investigated. The current need for gas-phase structural information will be presented and the experimental parameters and projected signal requirements will then be explored. The results of experiments at a synchrotron radiation source with various biomolecules will be presented. It is shown that with the current experimental set-up experiments are fundamentally limited by the signal to noise ratio (SNR) pointing to the necessity of XFEL. Secondly the application of coherent diffractive imaging (CDI) to biological systems at synchrotron and XFEL sources is explored, and the development of experimental systems at both sources is outlined. A method for combining complimentary scattering experiments at both sources is demonstrated and the results of its application to the assembly mechanism of the self-assembling, non-crystalline, macromolecule, the RNAi microsponge, are presented. The microsponge is found to have a nucleating origin leading to a core-shell like nanostructure in the fully formed molecule.
title: Infants and clinical research: legal and ethical perspectives
Creators: name: Ng, May
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2015

description: This thesis presents an overview of legal and ethical aspects in relation to infants involved in clinical research. The future health of infants and children depend on clinical research which is an important part of medical progress. This thesis will show that there is a need for research involving infants but there are gaps in the current legal and ethical framework which are not readily applicable to research involving infants. There exist a mismatch between what is practised in relation to clinical research involving infants and the current regulatory approach. This has contributed to a lack of understanding and conflicting interpretations as to the way in which research is being conducted in this vulnerable population. There are significant challenges in trying to achieve a balance between what is socially good and the obligation to protect infants who participate in research. The principles of best interests standards and how it is applied in the context of research involving infants is explored. Therefore, the thesis aims at capturing the underlying legal, regulatory and ethical perspectives related to research involving infants and draws together key conclusions on how we might address the identified gaps in the current legal and ethical framework
Visualization, coarsening and flow dynamics of focal conic domains in simulated Smectic-A liquid crystals
Creators: name: Liarte, Danilo B.
name: Bierbaum, Matthew
name: Zhang, Muxin
name: Leahy, Brian D.
name: Cohen, Itai
name: Sethna, James P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Smectic liquid crystals vividly illustrate the subtle interplay of broken translational and orientational symmetries, by exhibiting defect structures forming geometrically perfect confocal ellipses and hyperbolas. Here, we develop and numerically implement an effective theory to study the dynamics of focal conic domains in smectic-A liquid crystals. We use the information about the smectic's structure and energy density provided by our simulations to develop several novel visualization tools for the focal conics. Our simulations accurately describe both simple and extensional shear, which we compare to experiments, and provide additional insight into the coarsening dynamics of focal conic domains.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures
title: Professor Dr. Wilhelm Oechsli
title: 6. Okt. 1851-26. April 1919
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Vetter, Theodor
Publisher: name: Züricher Post
Year: 1919
Subjects: subject: 370 Bildung und Erziehung
subject: 920 Biografien, Genealogie, Insignien
subject: 940 Geschichte Europas
subject: Nachruf
subject: Oechsli, Wilhelm
subject: Riesbach
subject: Weggis

description: Separatabdruck aus der "Züricher Post"
Topological Signals of Singularities in Ricci Flow
Creators: name: Alsing, Paul M.
name: Blair, Howard A.
name: Corne, Matthew
name: Jones, Gordon
name: Miller, Warner A.
name: Mischaikow, Konstantin
name: Nanda, Vidit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 00A69, 53C44, 55U10, 57Q15

description: We implement methods from computational homology to obtain a topological signal of singularity formation in a selection of geometries evolved numerically by Ricci flow. Our approach, based on persistent homology, produces precise, quantitative measures describing the behavior of an entire collection of data across a discrete sample of times. We analyze the topological signals of geometric criticality obtained numerically from the application of persistent homology to models manifesting singularities under Ricci flow. The results we obtain for these numerical models suggest that the topological signals distinguish global singularity formation (collapse to a round point) from local singularity formation (neckpinch). Finally, we discuss the interpretation and implication of these results and future applications.
description: 24 pages, 14 figures
Quality education crisis in Rwanda
Creators: name: SININING, VICENTE
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Higher education

description:
 The author discussed about the state of quality of higher education in Rwanda and the quality of education that Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) provide to students and its impact towards the competency and skills of graduates in the labor market. The author highlighted what the government has done to improve the quality of education in Rwanda.
Scintillation noise in widefield radio interferometry
Creators: name: Vedantham, H. K.
name: Koopmans, L. V. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we consider random phase fluctuations imposed during wave propagation through a turbulent plasma (e.g. ionosphere) as a source of additional noise in interferometric visibilities. We derive expressions for visibility variance for the wide field of view case (FOV$\sim10$ deg) by computing the statistics of Fresnel diffraction from a stochastic plasma, and provide an intuitive understanding. For typical ionospheric conditions (diffractive scale $\sim 5-20$ km at $150$ MHz), we show that the resulting ionospheric `scintillation noise' can be a dominant source of uncertainty at low frequencies ($ν\lesssim 200$ MHz). Consequently, low frequency widefield radio interferometers must take this source of uncertainty into account in their sensitivity analysis. We also discuss the spatial, temporal, and spectral coherence properties of scintillation noise that determine its magnitude in deep integrations, and influence prospects for its mitigation via calibration or filtering.
description: Accepted version
title: Optimization problems in partial differential equations
Creators: name: Liu, Yichen
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2015

description: The primary objective of this research is to investigate various optimization problems connected with partial differential equations (PDE). In chapter 2, we utilize the tool of tangent cones from convex analysis to prove the existence and uniqueness of a minimization problem. Since the admissible set considered in chapter 2 is a suitable convex set in $L^\infty(D)$, we can make use of tangent cones to derive the optimality condition for the problem. However, if we let the admissible set to be a rearrangement class generated by a general function (not a characteristic function), the method of tangent cones may not be applied. The central part of this research is Chapter 3, and it is conducted based on the foundation work mainly clarified by Geoffrey R. Burton with his collaborators near 90s, see [7, 8, 9, 10]. Usually, we consider a rearrangement class (a set comprising all rearrangements of a prescribed function) and then optimize some energy functional related to partial differential equations on this class or part of it. So, we call it rearrangement optimization problem (ROP). In recent years this area of research has become increasingly popular amongst mathematicians for several reasons. One reason is that many physical phenomena can be naturally formulated as ROPs. Another reason is that ROPs have natural links with other branches of mathematics such as geometry, free boundary problems, convex analysis, differential equations, and more. Lastly, such optimization problems also offer very challenging questions that are fascinating for researchers, see for example [2]. More specifically, Chapter 2 and Chapter 3 are prepared based on four papers [24, 40, 41, 42], mainly in collaboration with Behrouz Emamizadeh. Chapter 4 is inspired by [5]. In [5], the existence and uniqueness of solutions of various PDEs involving Radon measures are presented. In order to establish a connection between rearrangements and PDEs involving Radon measures, the author try to investigate a way to extend the notion of rearrangement of functions to rearrangement of Radon measures in Chapter 4.
Combining Experimental and Cosmological Constraints on Heavy Neutrinos
Creators: name: Drewes, Marco
name: Garbrecht, Björn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study experimental and cosmological constraints on the extension of the Standard Model by three right handed neutrinos with masses between those of the pion and W boson. We combine for the first time direct, indirect and cosmological constraints in this mass range. This includes experimental constraints from neutrino oscillation data, neutrinoless double $β$ decay, electroweak precision data, lepton universality, searches for rare lepton decays, tests of CKM unitarity and past direct searches at colliders or fixed target experiments. On the cosmological side, big bang nucleosynthesis has the most pronounced impact. Our results can be used to evaluate the discovery potential of searches for heavy neutrinos at LHCb, BELLE II, SHiP, ATLAS, CMS or a future lepton collider.
description: 64 pages, 22 figures. Matches published version
Developing A Strategic Plan for Strengthening Organizational Resilience Through Employee Empowerment and Engagement in KMSS-Mandalay
Creators: name: Shing, Ning Khui
Publisher: name: Graduate School of Business and Advanced Technology Management
Year: 2023
Subjects: Organizational Resiliency
Employee Empowerment
Employee Engagement

description: ABAC ODI Journal Vision. Action. Outcome, 11, 1, 128-148
title: The impact of neonatal nutrition on the health, welfare and productivity of Holstein dairy calves.
Creators: name: Curtis, Gemma
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2016

description: Dairy calves in the U.K. are currently reared on ‘least cost’ principles, with minimal milk feeding and early weaning to solid foods. This has been described as maintaining the calf in ‘a state of chronic hunger’. As well as repercussions on calf health, growth and welfare, human studies suggest that underfeeding the newborn is a major risk factor for metabolic disease in the adult. The aims of this study were to determine current dairy calf rearing practices across the U.K., to investigate the performance of Holstein heifer calves fed increased milk replacer (MR) compared to restricted volumes, and to determine the impact of this on key performance indicators (KPIs) of these animals as calves and growing heifers. A postal questionnaire was offered to one thousand U.K. dairy farmers to determine current calf rearing practices. The response rate was 72% and revealed that housing and feeding practices were variable between farms. The majority of farmers (93%) fed restricted volumes of milk or milk replacer to their pre-weaned calves. The body weight, withers and loin height, heart and belly girth, crown to rump length, hock-fetlock length and body condition score (BCS) were recorded weekly from birth to 12 weeks and monthly from 12 weeks until conception in two groups of Holstein heifer calves on one commercial dairy farm in the north-west of England, U.K. Calves were assigned to a restricted, Group R (n = 50) or ad libitum, Group A (n = 50) MR feeding strategy from birth until weaning. Growth rates were greater for Group A (0.72kg/day) from birth until 3 weeks than Group R (0.17kg/day). Body condition score increased for Group A during this period (0.1 points) while it decreased for Group R (0.3 points). Thereafter, growth rates were similar between dietary groups although no catch-up growth was observed for Group R animals. Changes in morphometric measures were greater for Group A calves than Group R from birth to 12 weeks. From 12 weeks of age onwards, dietary group differences in morphometric measures disappeared but body weight differences remained until conception. The glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity of a subset of heifer calves (n = 6 Group A, n = 6 Group R) was investigated at 3, 12 and 39 weeks of age and was shown not to be affected by dietary group. The carcass composition of Holstein bull calves assigned to one of the two dietary groups was assessed. Calves were studied at birth (n = 3), 3 weeks, 9 weeks or 12 weeks (n = 3 per dietary group at each age). Carcass composition was assessed using spiral CT technologies. Group A calves had greater internal adipose deposition at all ages but there was no difference in carcass associated adipose tissue. The age at puberty, first service and conception was between 2 and 3 weeks lower for Group A animals than for Group R. Increased MR feeding of Holstein heifers allows for greater growth rates and earlier entry into the milking herd.
Understanding the Conflict Management Styles of Thais and Myanmar in a Private International Hospital in Thailand- A Cross-Cultural Dimension of Organization Development
Creators: name: Thiri Kyaw
Publisher: name: Graduate School of Business and Advanced Technology Management
Year: 2023
Subjects: Rahim Organizational Conflict Inventory-II
Thai and Myanmar conflict management styles
cross-cultural
qualitative research

description: ABAC ODI Journal Vision. Action. Outcome, 11, 1, 149-167
Intrinsic measurement errors for the speed of light in vacuum
Creators: name: Braun, Daniel
name: Schneiter, Fabienne
name: Fischer, Uwe R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The speed of light in vacuum, one of the most important and precisely measured natural constants, is fixed by convention to $c=299 792 458$ m/s. Advanced theories predict possible deviations from this universal value, or even quantum fluctuations of $c$. Combining arguments from quantum parameter estimation theory and classical general relativity, we here establish rigorously the existence of lower bounds on the uncertainty to which the speed of light in vacuum can be determined in a given region of space-time, subject to several reasonable restrictions. They provide a novel perspective on the experimental falsifiability of predictions for the quantum fluctuations of space-time.
description: 13 pages of RevTex4-1, 2 figures; title has been changed for the final version
The Role of Empowerment Organizational Commitment and Working Environment on Job Performance in AAA Non-Profit Organization
Creators: name: Khin Ei Ei Hlaing
Publisher: name: Graduate School of Business and Advanced Technology Management
Year: 2023
Subjects: Empowerment
Working Environment
Organizational Commitment
Job Performance

description: ABAC ODI Journal Vision. Action. Outcome, 11, 1, 168-178
The Mediating Role of Psychological Distress on the Relationship of Mindfulness and Social Support on Psychological Well-Being Among Private Hospital Nurses in Kerala India
Creators: name: Jancy P Paul
Publisher: name: Graduate School of Business and Advanced Technology Management
Year: 2023
Subjects: mindfulness
social support
psychological distress
psychological well-being
SEM (structural equation model)
mediation
mediation analysis

description: ABAC ODI Journal Vision. Action. Outcome, 11, 1, 179-195
title: Self-understanding in adolescents with autism spectrum conditions, Down’s syndrome and Williams syndrome.
Creators: name: Tucker, Helena
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2016

description: Self-understanding is a fundamental aspect of psychological functioning. This study aimed to explore self-understanding in adolescents with autism spectrum conditions (ASC), adolescents with Down syndrome (DS) and adolescents with Williams syndrome (WS). The Self-understanding Interview was used to examine the verbal concepts and opinions of self of 45 adolescents (15 ASC, 15 DS and 15 WS). Adolescents with ASC generated significantly fewer social statements compared with adolescents with WS. There was a close comparability between adolescents with ASC, DS and WS on the number of self-as-object self-statements indicating similarities in the overall development of self-concept. The development of social self-understanding and its implications were discussed. The need for individually tailored interventions enhancing social skills promoting positive self-concept is highlighted.