cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
IGSN...more than a label on a box
Creators: name: Klump, Jens
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Persistent Identifiers
PID Infrastructure
Open Science
Japan
APAC
Consortia
DataCite
ORCID
AXIES
JaLC
JST

description: This event had the theme ‘As local as necessary, as international as possible’. It focussed on strengthening the Japanese persistent identifier (PID) community and fostering linkages between Japan PID infrastructure and the wider community in the Asia–Pacific (APAC) region and globally.

The agenda provided an orientation of PIDs and related services, as well as insights about ORCID and DataCite in the APAC region and the activities of our Consortia. Participants learnt about use cases of PID implementation in research workflows in Japan (and APAC), and how implementation has aligned with organizational goals: showcasing success stories and challenges.

Bringing people together for stimulating conversations around points of interest to the community that are not possible virtually, the event was an opportunity to meet others with an interest in the adoption of PIDs and Open Science principles.

This event was co-hosted by ORCID and DataCite alongside the Academic eXchange for Information Environment and Strategy and the Japan Link Center, who respectively lead ORCID’s and DataCite’s Consortia in Japan. It was supported by the Japan Science and Technology Agency. The event was co-located with the International Symposium on Data Science 2023 held on 11–15 December 2023 at the Science Council of Japan in Tokyo.
On initial conditions for fractional delay differential equations
Creators: name: Garrappa, Roberto
name: Kaslik, Eva
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 34A08 (Primary) 34K37, 44A10, 65C20 (Secondary)

description: Derivatives of fractional order are introduced in different ways: as left-inverse of the fractional integral or by generalizing the limit of the difference quotient defining integer-order derivatives. Although the two approaches lead (under standard smoothness assumptions) to equivalent operators, the first one does not involve the function at the left of the initial point where, instead, the latter forces the function to assume selected values. With fractional delay differential equations new problems arise: the presence of the delay imposes to assign the solution not just at the initial point but on an entire interval. Due to the freedom in the choice of the initial function, some inconsistencies with the values forced by the fractional derivative are possible and the operators may no longer be equivalent. In this paper we discuss the initialization of fractional delay differential equations, we investigate the effects of the initial condition not only on the solution but also on the fractional operator as well and we study the difference between solutions obtained by incorporating or not the initial function in the memory of the fractional derivative. The exact solution of a family of linear equations is obtained by the Laplace transform whilst numerical methods are used to solve nonlinear problems; the different results are therefore shown and commented.
description: Accepted for publication in Communications in Nonlinear Science and Numerical Simulation
An Interdisciplinary Approach to White-collar Crime in the Food Sector
Creators: name: Hirschauer, Norbert
name: Musshoff, Oliver
name: Scheerer, Sebastian
name: Hirschauer, Norbert
name: Musshoff, Oliver
name: Scheerer, Sebastian
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: asymmetric information
subject: behavioural food risks
subject: control theories
subject: game theory
subject: moral hazard
subject: opportunistic malpractice

description: The probability that buyers are deceived with regard to the quality or safety of purchased products (moral hazard) increases with the profits which suppliers can earn through opportunistic behaviour. It decreases with the probability and level of losses that result from disclosure of malpractice. It also decreases with protective factors rooted in the suppliers' social contexts - such as values, emotional bonds etc. - that shield them from yielding to economic temptations. This paper describes how a systematic analysis of economic incentives and social context factors can be provided through an interdisciplinary approach which combines the analytical powers of microeconomics (game theory) and criminology (control theories). The approach is discussed with regard to food quality and safety threatened by moral hazard. Its essentials are illustrated through a case study of grain farmers who might be tempted to infringe upon production-related regulations.
Design of Block Transceivers with Decision Feedback Detection
Creators: name: Xu, Fang
name: Davidson, Tim
name: Zhang, Jian-Kang
name: Wong, K. Max
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper presents a method for jointly designing the transmitter-receiver pair in a block-by-block communication system that employs (intra-block) decision feedback detection. We provide closed-form expressions for transmitter-receiver pairs that simultaneously minimize the arithmetic mean squared error (MSE) at the decision point (assuming perfect feedback), the geometric MSE, and the bit error rate of a uniformly bit-loaded system at moderate-to-high signal-to-noise ratios. Separate expressions apply for the ``zero-forcing'' and ``minimum MSE'' (MMSE) decision feedback structures. In the MMSE case, the proposed design also maximizes the Gaussian mutual information and suggests that one can approach the capacity of the block transmission system using (independent instances of) the same (Gaussian) code for each element of the block. Our simulation studies indicate that the proposed transceivers perform significantly better than standard transceivers, and that they retain their performance advantages in the presence of error propagation.
description: 14 pages, 8 figures, to appear in the IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing
Drypetes capuronii Leandri
Creators: name: McPHERSON, Gordon
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2000
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Malpighiales
Putranjivaceae
Drypetes
Drypetes capuronii

description: Drypetes capuronii Leandri Mém. Inst. Sci. Madagascar, Sér. B, Biol. Vég. 8: 247 (1957). — Type: Service Forestier (Capuron) 8765 (holo-, P; iso-, TEF). DISTRIBUTION. — Northeastern forest, from the Bay of Antongil to the Montagnes des Français. Distinguished by its short stipules (<1 mm), large leaves (up to 17 × 7 cm) with entire margins (juvenile leaves may be dentate, however), 3 sepals, 12-16 stamens, 4-6 carpels and unlobed fruit.
description: Published as part of McPHERSON, Gordon, 2000, Drypetes (Euphorbiaceae) in Madagascar and the Comoro Islands, pp. 205-209 in Adansonia (3) (3) 22 (2) on page 208, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4605886
B semileptonic decays with 2+1 dynamical quark flavors
Creators: name: Gulez, Emel
name: Davies, Christine
name: Gray, Alan
name: Lepage, Peter
name: Shigemitsu, Junko
name: Wingate, Matthew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study semileptonic B decays, using MILC dynamical configurations with $N_f=2+1$. NRQCD heavy and AsqTad light quark actions are used. We obtain the semileptonic form factors $f_+(q^2)$ and $f_0(q^2)$ in the chiral limit.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, talk presented at Lattice 2005 (Heavy quark physics)
Solvent reaction coordinate for an S$_N$2 reaction
Creators: name: Leitold, Christian
name: Mundy, Christopher J.
name: Baer, Marcel D.
name: Schenter, Gregory K.
name: Peters, Baron
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the prototypical SN2 reaction Cl$^-$ + CH$_3$Cl $\to$ CH$_3$Cl + Cl$^-$ in water using quantum mechanics / molecular mechanics (QM/MM) computer simulations with transition path sampling and inertial likelihood maximization. We have identified a new solvent coordinate to complement the original atom-exchange coordinate used in the classic analysis by Chandrasekhar, Smith, and Jorgensen [Ref1]. The new solvent coordinate quantifies instantaneous solvent induced polarization relative to the equilibrium average charge density at each point along the reaction pathway. On the basis of likelihood scores and committor distributions, the new solvent coordinate improves upon the description of solvent dynamical effects relative to previously proposed solvent coordinates. However, it does not increase the transmission coefficient or the accuracy of a transition state theory rate calculation.
description: 11 pages, 10 figures
Mesoscopic superposition and sub-Planck-scale structure in molecular wave packets
Creators: name: Ghosh, Suranjana
name: Chiruvelli, Aravind
name: Banerji, J.
name: Panigrahi, P. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate the possibility of realizing sub-Planck-scale structures in the mesoscopic superposition of molecular wave packets involving vibrational levels. The time evolution of the wave packet, taken here as the SU(2) coherent state of the Morse potential describing hydrogen iodide molecules, produces macroscopicquantum- superposition-like states, responsible for the above phenomenon. We investigate the phase-space dynamics of the coherent state through the Wigner function approach and identify the interference phenomena behind the sub-Planck-scale structures. The optimal parameter ranges are specified for observing these features.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Local distributions of the 1D dilute Ising model
Creators: name: Panov, Yu. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The local distributions of the one-dimensional dilute annealed Ising model with charged impurities are studied. Explicit expressions are obtained for the pair distribution functions and correlation lengths, and their low-temperature asymptotic behavior is explored depending on the concentration of impurities. For a more detailed consideration of the ordering processes, we study local distributions. Based on the Markov property of the dilute Ising chain, we obtain an explicit expression for the probability of any finite sequence and find a geometric probability distribution for the lengths of sequences consisting of repeating blocks. An analysis of distributions shows that the critical behavior of the spin correlation length is defined by ferromagnetic or antiferromagnetic sequences, while the critical behavior of the impurity correlation length is defined by the sequences of impurities or by the charge-ordered sequences. For the dilute Ising chain, there are no other repeating sequences whose mean length diverges at zero temperature. While both the spin correlation and the impurity correlation lengths can diverge only at zero temperature, the ordering processes result in a maximum of the specific heat at finite temperature defined by the maximum rate of change of the impurity-spin pairs concentration. A simple approximate equation is found for this temperature. We show that the non-ordered dilute Ising chains correspond to the regular Markov chains, while various orderings generate the irregular Markov chains of different types.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures; submitted to the Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials
Structure Theorem for (d,g,h)-Maps
Creators: name: Kontorovich, Alex V.
name: Sinai, Yakov G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11B83

description: The (3x+1)-Map, T, acts on the set, Pi, of positive integers not divisible by 2 or 3. It is defined by T(x) = (3x+1)/2^k, where k is the largest integer for which T(x) is an integer. The (3x+1)-Conjecture asks if for every x in Pi there exists an integer, n, such that T^n (x) = 1. The Statistical (3x+1)-Conjecture asks the same question, except for a subset of Pi of density 1. The Structure Theorem proven in \cite{sinai} shows that infinity is in a sense a repelling point, giving some reasons to expect that the (3x+1)-Conjecture may be true. In this paper, we present the analogous theorem for some generalizations of the (3x+1)-Map, and expand on the consequences derived in \cite{sinai}. The generalizations we consider are determined by positive coprime integers, d and g, with g > d >= 2, and a periodic function, h(x). The map T is defined by the formula T(x) = (gx+h(gx))/d^k, where k is again the largest integer for which T(x) is an integer. We prove an analogous Structure Theorem for (d,g,h)-Maps, and that the probability distribution corresponding to the density converges to the Wiener measure with the drift log(g) - d/(d-1)log(d) and positive diffusion constant. This shows that it is natural to expect that typical trajectores return to the origin if log(g) - d/(d-1) log(d) <0 and escape to infinity otherwise.
description: 9 pages
Drypetes oppositifolia Leandri 1957
Creators: name: McPHERSON, Gordon
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2000
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Malpighiales
Putranjivaceae
Drypetes
Drypetes oppositifolia

description: Drypetes oppositifolia Leandri Mém. Inst. Sci. Madagascar, Sér. B, Biol. Vég. 8: 248 (1957). — Type: Service Forestier (Capuron) 8688 (holo-, P; iso-, TEF). DISTRIBUTION. — Known from two collections at one site on the Masoala Peninsula. Remarkable in the genus because of its opposite or subopposite leaves, but similar to D. perrieri in its 4 sepals, 4 stamens, and 2 carpels; pistillate flowers and mature fruit unknown.
description: Published as part of McPHERSON, Gordon, 2000, Drypetes (Euphorbiaceae) in Madagascar and the Comoro Islands, pp. 205-209 in Adansonia (3) (3) 22 (2) on page 208, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4605886
Far-field heat and angular momentum radiation of the Haldane model
Creators: name: Zhang, Yong-Mei
name: Wang, Jian-Sheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the radiation of energy and angular momentum from 2D topological systems with broken inversion symmetry and time reversal symmetry. A general theory of far-field radiation is developed using the linear response of 2D materials to the fluctuational electromagnetic field. Applying the theory to the Haldane model, we verify that the heat radiation complies with Planck's law only at low temperature and deviates from it as temperature becomes high. Angular momentum radiation is possible for this system and exhibits saturation as temperature increases. Parameters crucial to the radiation are investigated and optimized. This research enlightens the possibility of transposing the quantum information to the angular momentum degree of freedom.
description: 18 pages, 5 figures
Unintegrated CCFM parton distributions and pion production in proton-proton collisions at high energies
Creators: name: Czech, M.
name: Szczurek, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Inclusive cross sections for pion production in proton-proton collisions are calculated for the first time based on unintegrated parton (gluon, quark, antiquark) distributions (uPDF). We use Kwieciński uPDF's and phenomenological fragmentation functions from the literature. In addition to the $gg \to g$ diagram used recently for applications at RHIC we include also $g q \to q$ and $q g \to q$ diagrams. We find that the new contributions are comparable to the purely gluonic one at midrapidities and dominate in the fragmentation region. The new mechanisms are responsible for $π^+ - π^-$ asymmetry. We discuss how the asymmetry depends on $x_F$ and $p_t$. Inclusive distributions in $x_F$ (or rapidity) and transverse momentum for partons and pions are shown for illustration. In contrast to standard collinear approach in our approach the range of applicability can be extended towards much lower transverse momenta.
description: 26 pages, 12 figures, title has been corrected
Poverty and the Rural Non-Farm Economy in Oromia, Ethiopia
Creators: name: Van Den Berg, Marrit
name: Kumbi, Girma Earo
name: Van Den Berg, Marrit
name: Kumbi, Girma Earo
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Food Security and Poverty

description: The rural non-farm sector has gained increasing importance over the past decades. In much of Africa, this has had limited effect on the poor, who face entry barriers to non-farm activities. As a result, the nonfarm economy does not reduce poverty but increases inequality instead. Some, but not all, evidence for Ethiopia, however, contradicts this general pattern: the poor do participate in the nonfarm economy, but apparently this does not lift them out of poverty. The present paper analyses the relation between non-farm income and inequality in Oromia, the largest state of Ethiopia, where most households rely on rainfed agriculture for their livelihood. The traditional development approach of providing technology and infrastructure to increase agricultural production has not succeeded in curbing the trend of increasing poverty, and alternative sources of productive employment must be sought in order to support the additional workforce created by population growth. The question is whether the focus of policy should be on improving access of the poor to existing nonfarm activities or on improving the profitability of these activities. We use two complementary methodologies to answer this question: i) econometric estimates of household participation in the non-farm sector; and ii) Gini decomposition of income inequality by sou rce. The results indicate that general growth in the non-farm sector will benefit the poor and that no targeted measures ro increase access of the poor are required.
Drypetes stipulacea Leandri 1957
Creators: name: McPHERSON, Gordon
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2000
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Malpighiales
Putranjivaceae
Drypetes
Drypetes stipulacea

description: Drypetes stipulacea Leandri Mém. Inst. Sci. Madagascar, Sér. B, Biol. Vég. 8: 251 (1957). — Type: Service Forestier (Capuron) 8877 (holo-, P; iso-, TEF). DISTRIBUTION. — Known from a few widely spaced sites in the eastern forest. Distinguished from its Madagascan congeners by its large stipules, but resembling D. bathiei and D. capuronii in having 3 sepals, several stamens (ca. 12), and several carpels (4?); pistillate flowers unknown.
description: Published as part of McPHERSON, Gordon, 2000, Drypetes (Euphorbiaceae) in Madagascar and the Comoro Islands, pp. 205-209 in Adansonia (3) (3) 22 (2) on page 209, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4605886
Bound states of attractive Bose-Einstein condensates in shallow traps in two and three dimensions
Creators: name: Adhikari, Sadhan K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using variational and numerical solutions of the mean-field Gross-Pitaevskii equation for attractive interaction (with cubic or Kerr nonlinearity) we show that a stable bound state can appear in a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) in a localized exponentially-screened radially-symmetric harmonic potential well in two and three dimensions. We also consider an axially-symmetric configuration with zero axial trap and a exponentially-screened radial trap so that the resulting bound state can freely move along the axial direction like a soliton. The binding of the present states in shallow wells is mostly due to the nonlinear interaction with the trap playing a minor role. Hence these BEC states are more suitable to study the effect of the nonlinear force on the dynamics. We illustrate the highly nonlinear nature of breathing oscillation of these states. Such bound states could be created in BECs and studied in the laboratory with present knowhow.
description: 16 pages, 13 ps figures, Journal of Physics B
Spatial Price Transmission in Kazakh Wheat Markets
Creators: name: Yakhshilikov, Yorbol
name: Brosig, Stephan
name: Yakhshilikov, Yorbol
name: Brosig, Stephan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Kazakhstan
subject: price transmission
subject: threshold VECM

description: Reliable marketing opportunities in both interregional and international trade are an important precondition for further development of the agricultural sector. In this study we assess interregional integration of Kazakh wheat markets. We apply asymmetric threshold error correction models to assess the co-movement of elevator prices at three grain-trading spots in the northern and central parts of the country. Results suggest that markets of two northern grain-trading spots (Petropavlovsk and Kokshetau) are closely connected with each other while their connection with Karaganda in central Kazakhstan is much weaker. Here, levelling out price gaps through arbitrage trade only occurs after a threshold of considerable extent has been surpassed.
Renormalization : A number theoretical model
Creators: name: Fauser, Bertfried
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 16W30; 30B50; 11A15; 81T15; 81T16

description: We analyse the Dirichlet convolution ring of arithmetic number theoretic functions. It turns out to fail to be a Hopf algebra on the diagonal, due to the lack of complete multiplicativity of the product and coproduct. A related Hopf algebra can be established, which however overcounts the diagonal. We argue that the mechanism of renormalization in quantum field theory is modelled after the same principle. Singularities hence arise as a (now continuously indexed) overcounting on the diagonals. Renormalization is given by the map from the auxiliary Hopf algebra to the weaker multiplicative structure, called Hopf gebra, rescaling the diagonals.
description: 15 pages, extended version of talks delivered at SLC55 Bertinoro,Sep 2005, and the Bob Delbourgo QFT Fest in Hobart, Dec 2005
Of diapers and dissertations : the experiences of doctoral student mothers living at the intersection of motherhood and studenthood
Creators: name: Sears, Allison Laurel
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: While the literature on the experiences of women in academe generaly, is growing, the experiences of women student mothers in post-secondary education are rarely explored. Given the increasing number of women students enroling in university and the fact that the student population is aging, there is a greater likelihood of these students being mothers. A study of these women is timely and crucial to understanding their needs and chalenges within the university. The purpose of the research was to examine the experiences of doctoral student mothers living at the intersection of studenthood and motherhood as it was expected that the demands from the family and university would create specific chalenges. The study delineates the women's understanding of and the degree to which they accepted the dominant North American ideology of intensive mothering and the ideology of the good student. Further, the study sought to ascertain whether the student mothers experienced contradiction between the two ideologies similar to that experienced by the women in Hay's (1996) study of employed and stay-at-home mothers. The study utilizes the concept of the public/private dichotomy and the notions of greedy institutions and competing urgencies in its framework. The design consisted of in-depth semi-structured interviews with seventeen mothers at various stages in their doctoral programme. The women range in age from thirty-three to forty-seven and have at least one child, under age of thirteen, living with them full-time. Findings noted that the women were able to articulate the dominant definitions of the good mother and the good student but, for the most part, they rejected them. They preferred to be balanced both as mothers and as students, although almost all of them insisted their children were their first priority. The women experienced a contradiction between the two ideologies and, using the concept of ideological work developed by Berger (1981), their experiences were explored. The women engaged in ideological work to support their alternative definitions of the good mother and the good student. When they were not as able to sustain their ideological work they tended to revert to the dominant definitions.
Power-law growth of time and strength of squeezing near quantum critical point
Creators: name: Sharma, Deepti
name: Kumar, Brijesh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dynamics of squeezing across quantum phase transition in two basic models, viz., the one-axis twisting model in transverse field and the Dicke model, is investigated using Holstein-Primakoff representation in the large spin limit. Near the phase boundary between the disordered (normal) and the ordered (superradiant) phase, the strength of spin and photon squeezing and the duration of time for which the system stays in the highly squeezed state are found to exhibit strong power-law growth with distance from the quantum critical point. The critical exponent for squeezing time is found to be 1/2 in both the models, and for squeezing strength, it is shown to be 1/2 in the one-axis twisting model, and 1 for the Dicke model which in the limit of extreme detuning also becomes 1/2.
Livestock Revenue Insurance
Creators: name: Hart, Chad E.
name: Babcock, Bruce A.
name: Hayes, Dermot J.
name: Hart, Chad E.
name: Babcock, Bruce A.
name: Hayes, Dermot J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: insurance
subject: livestock
subject: revenue
subject: options
subject: Asian basket option
subject: premiums

description: This study outlines several possible structures for livestock revenue insurance. The policies take the form of an exotic optionan Asian basket option. The actuarially fair premiums for these policies are equal to the prices of the options they represent. Due to the complexity of pricing Asian basket options, we have combined two techniques for pricing options to reach the actuarially fair premiums. Projected premiums, producer welfare, and program efficiency are evaluated for the insurance products and existing market tools. Using efficiency ratios and certainty equivalent returns, we compare the insurance policies to strategies involving existing futures and options.
Harmonic entanglement with second-order non-linearity
Creators: name: Grosse, Nicolai B.
name: Bowen, Warwick P.
name: McKenzie, Kirk
name: Lam, Ping Koy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the second-order non-linear interaction as a means to generate entanglement between fields of differing wavelengths. And show that perfect entanglement can, in principle, be produced between the fundamental and second harmonic fields in these processes. Neither pure second harmonic generation, nor parametric oscillation optimally produce entanglement, such optimal entanglement is rather produced by an intermediate process. An experimental demonstration of these predictions should be imminently feasible.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
LEGAL BASIS OF ISLAND SEA PROTECTION AND ITS IMPROVEMENT - THE NEED OF THE TIME
Creators: name: Nurbayev, Yodgorbek
name: Yusufjanov, Ismatilla
name: Alimatov, Elsevar
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: In this article, the legal basis of the protection of the Aral Sea and the need for its improvement, international cooperation in this regard, measures to solve the problems of the Aral Sea are highlighted based on analytical opinions.
Willingness-to-Pay, Compensating Variation, and the Cost of Commitment
Creators: name: Zhao, Jinhua
name: Kling, Catherine L.
name: Zhao, Jinhua
name: Kling, Catherine L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis

description: We present a dynamic model of an agent's decision to purchase or sell a good under conditions of uncertainty, irreversibility, and learning over time. Her WTP contains both the intrinsic value of the good and a commitment cost associated with delaying the decision until more information is available. Consequently, the standard Hicksian equivalence between WTP/WTA and compensating and equivalent variation no longer holds. This finding has important practical implications as it implies that observed WTP values are not always appropriate for welfare analysis.
Heating at the remote footpoints as a brake on jet flows along loops in the solar atmosphere
Creators: name: Huang, Zhenghua
name: Zhang, Qingmin
name: Xia, Lidong
name: Li, Bo
name: Wu, Zhao
name: Fu, Hui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on observations of a solar jet propagating along coronal loops taken by the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO), the Interface Region Imaging Spectragraph (IRIS) and 1-m New Vacuum Solar Telescope (NVST). The ejecta of the jet consist of multi-thermal components and propagate with a speed greater than 100 km/s. Brightenings are found in the remote footpoints of the coronal loops having compact and round-shape in the Halpha images. The emission peak of the remote brightening in the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) 94 Åpassband lags 60 s behind that in the jet base. The brightenings in the remote footpoints are believed to be consequences of heating by nonthermal electrons, MHD waves and/or conduction front generated by the magnetic reconnection processes of the jet. The heating in the remote footpoints leads to extension of the brightening along the loops toward the jet base, which is believed to be the chromospheric evaporation. This apparently acts as a brake on the ejecta, leading to a deceleration in the range from 1.5 to 3 km s$^{-2}$ with an error of $\sim1.0$\,km s$^{-2}$ when the chromospheric evaporation and the ejecta meet at locations near the loop apexes. The dynamics of this jet allows a unique opportunity to diagnose the chromospheric evaporation from the remote footpoints, from which we deduce a velocity in the range of 330--880 km/s.
description: 5 figures, published in ApJ, accepted version
Benz, Ernst, Floros, Constantin, Thurn Hans, Das Buch der heiligen Gesänge der Osterkirche
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 12 Nr. 2 (1963): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 12, Heft 2
Optimal Information Acquisition under a Geostatistical Model
Creators: name: Pautsch, Gregory R.
name: Babcock, Bruce A.
name: Breidt, F. Jay
name: Pautsch, Gregory R.
name: Babcock, Bruce A.
name: Breidt, F. Jay
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: estimation risk
subject: geostatistics
subject: nitrogen fertilizer
subject: optimal sample sizes
subject: precision farming
subject: single rate technology
subject: variable rate technology
subject: variogram

description: Studies examining the value of switching to a variable rate technologies (VRT) fertilizer program assume producers possess perfect soil nitrate information. In reality, producers estimate soil nitrate levels with soil sampling. The value of switching to a VRT program depends on the quality of the estimates and on how the estimates are used. Larger sample sizes, increased spatial correlation, and decreased variability improve the estimates and increase returns. Fertilizing strictly to the estimated field map fails to account for estimation risk. Returns increase if the soil sample information is used in a Bayesian fashion to update the soil nitrate beliefs in non-sampled sites.
Young Jupiters are Faint: New Models of the Early Evolution of Giant Planets
Creators: name: Fortney, J. J.
name: Marley, M. S.
name: Hubickyj, O.
name: Bodenheimer, P.
name: Lissauer, J. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Here we show preliminary calculations of the cooling and contraction of a 2 MJ planet. These calculations, which are being extended to 1-10 MJ, differ from other published "cooling tracks" in that they include a core accretion-gas capture formation scenario, the leading theory for the formation of gas giant planets. We find that the initial post-accretionary intrinsic luminosity of the planet is ~3 times less than previously published models which use arbitrary initial conditions. These differences last a few tens of millions of years. Young giant planets are intrinsically fainter than has been previously appreciated. We also discuss how uncertainties in atmospheric chemistry and the duration of the formation time of giant planets lead to challenges in deriving planetary physical properties from comparison with tabulated model values.
description: 5 pages, submitted to the proceedings of the workshop "Ultralow-mass star formation and evolution" held in La Palma, Spain, during June/July 2005 (Astronomical Notes special issue)
Spatio-temporal characterization of ultrashort laser beams: a tutorial
Creators: name: Jolly, Spencer W.
name: Gobert, Olivier
name: Quéré, Fabien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The temporal characterization of ultrafast laser pulses has become a cornerstone capability of ultrafast optics laboratories and is routine both for optimizing laser pulse duration and designing custom fields. Beyond pure temporal characterization, spatio-temporal characterization provides a more complete measurement of the spatially-varying temporal properties of a laser pulse. These so-called spatio-temporal couplings (STCs) are generally nonseparable chromatic aberrations that can be induced by very common optical elements -- for example diffraction gratings and thick lenses or prisms made from dispersive material. In this tutorial we introduce STCs and a detailed understanding of their behavior in order to have a background knowledge, but also to inform the design of characterization devices. We then overview a broad range of spatio-temporal characterization techniques with a view to mention most techniques, but also to provide greater details on a few chosen methods. The goal is to provide a reference and a comparison of various techniques for newcomers to the field. Lastly, we discuss nuances of analysis and visualization of spatio-temporal data, which is an often underappreciated and non-trivial part of ultrafast pulse characterization.
description: 37 pages, 22 figures. This is the version of the article before peer review or editing, as submitted by an author to Journal of Optics. IOP Publishing Ltd is not responsible for any errors or omissions in this version of the manuscript or any version derived from it
The optical-to-radio spectral energy distributions of low-metallicity blue compact dwarf galaxies
Creators: name: Hunt, Leslie
name: Bianchi, Simone
name: Maiolino, Roberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present global spectral energy distributions (SEDs) from 0.3$μ$m to 90cm for a sample of seven low-metallicity blue compact dwarf galaxies (BCDs). In addition to data compiled from the literature, we report new SCUBA data for the galaxies in the sample, including the two most metal-poor star-forming galaxies known, IZw18 and SBS0335-052. The standard starburst templates, M82 and Arp220, do not give a good approximation to any of the BCD SEDs in our sample. Several SEDs are instead characterized by: (i) approximately flat radio spectra suggesting dominant thermal processes; (ii) far-infrared (FIR) spectra which peak at or shortward of 60 $μ$m; (iii) a significant warm dust component and absence of Aromatic Features in Emission (or PAHs) in the mid-infrared (MIR). The SEDs of low-metallicity BCDs do not follow ``canonical'' scaling relations, and the ``standard'' star-formation indicators based on radio continuum, FIR, and MIR luminosities can be discrepant by factors of $\simgt10$. We present new models of the dust SEDs from 5$μ$m to 1cm, and derive infrared luminosities, dust distributions, temperatures, and masses. The observed SEDs and dust models are interpreted in terms of the active/passive regimes of star formation and trends with metallicity. Finally, we discuss the implications of our results on the $z\simgt6$ starburst populations which will be detected by forthcoming submm and radio facilities.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A, 7 figures, 2 appendices
AN EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS OF JOINT DECISIONS ON LABOR SUPPLY AND WELFARE PARTICIPATION
Creators: name: Kang, Gi
name: Huffman, Sonya Kostova
name: Jensen, Helen H.
name: Kang, Gi
name: Huffman, Sonya Kostova
name: Jensen, Helen H.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: labor supply
subject: low income
subject: welfare program
subject: welfare reform

description: Economic and welfare program factors affect the well-being of low-income families and their labor supply decisions. This study uses data from the U.S. Survey of Income and Program Participation. A nested logit model is estimated to explain the joint decisions to participate in Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) and the labor market for the population of families potentially eligible for TANF. The empirical findings indicate that higher wages increase labor and decrease welfare program participation; an increase in nonlabor income decreases both labor market and welfare participation.
Universality of One-Dimensional Heat Conductivity
Creators: name: Mai, Trieu
name: Narayan, Onuttom
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show analytically that the heat conductivity of oscillator chains diverges with system size N as N^{1/3}, which is the same as for one-dimensional fluids. For long cylinders, we use the hydrodynamic equations for a crystal in one dimension. This is appropriate for stiff systems such as nanotubes, where the eventual crossover to a fluid only sets in at unrealistically large N. Despite the extra equation compared to a fluid, the scaling of the heat conductivity is unchanged. For strictly one-dimensional chains, we show that the dynamic equations are those of a fluid at all length scales even if the static order extends to very large N. The discrepancy between our results and numerical simulations on Fermi-Pasta-Ulam chains is discussed.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures
Environmental Policy, Technology Substitution, and Cross-Media Transfers
Creators: name: Osei, Edward
name: Babcock, Bruce A.
name: Osei, Edward
name: Babcock, Bruce A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Environmental policy
subject: isopollution
subject: augmented isodamage
subject: isocost
subject: cross-media transfers
subject: technology substitution
subject: optimization

description: We consider the implications of cross-media transfers for the analysis of environmental policy and technology substitution. We discuss welfare implications from the standpoint of society and of the firm. Society's solution is shown to lead to the least level of damage, output, and waste treatment costs.
Piecemeal Reform of Trade and Environmental Policy When Consumption Also Pollutes
Creators: name: Metcalfe, Mark R.
name: Beghin, John C.
name: Metcalfe, Mark R.
name: Beghin, John C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Trade and environment
subject: piecemeal reform
subject: policy coordination

description: The design of trade and environmental policy pays increasing attention to pollution linked to trade liberalization and generated by consumption. We incorporate endogenous (price-responsive) consumption pollution into a dual trade model to assess welfare effects of coordinated trade and environmental piecemeal reform in a small, open and distorted economy. Pollution is generated by production and consumption. Producers control the level of pollution and face incentives to abate both types of pollution. We identify sufficient conditions for welfare-improving reforms of trade and environmental policies. An additional domestic environmental policy instrument must be imposed on exportables because of their supply response to foreign environmental taxes.
Aboriginal literacy : making meaning across three generations in an Anishinaabe community
Creators: name: Hare, Jan
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The changing functions, uses, and value of literacy in the lives of three successive biological generations of Anishinaabe residing in the same community form the basis of this study. Aboriginal people need and value western notions of literacy for participation in mainstream society. They are, at the same time, aware that western literacy has been imposed upon them, damaging their own forms of literacy which are closely rooted in their cultural traditions. The study describes three prevailing ideas about literacy among these seven sets of Anishinaabe families. The cultural traditions rooted in their relationships with land and family represent the understandings of Aboriginal literacy for the first generation of Anishinaabe, the oldest of this study. These Aboriginal women and men have constructed broader meanings for literacy that include print traditions and dominant languages, but also respect Aboriginal ways of knowing and incorporate cultural practices that give meaning to how people live and make sense of their world. A shift in cultural traditions and language is apparent as members of the second generation discuss their understandings of literacy within the contexts of family, school, and society. Formal schooling attempted to supplant Aboriginal literacy with the traditions of print in official languages that characterize western literacy. Western literacy becomes the means by which members of the second generation have re-asserted their rights to self-determination. The third generation, the youngest of this study, experience a greater orientation towards western literacy. The features that distinguish Aboriginal literacy are in decline. At the same time, their hold on western literacy allows them to assert their identities and prepare for a future beyond their community. The thesis is intended to challenge western notions of literacy, which privilege the written word and English/French languages, arguing for a broader conceptions of literacy which include languages, narrative traditions, and rich symbolic and meaning-making systems of Aboriginal culture.
First-principles study of structural, elastic, and bonding properties of pyrochlores
Creators: name: Pruneda, J. M.
name: Artacho, Emilio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Density Functional Theory calculations have been performed to obtain lattice parameters, elastic constants, and electronic properties of ideal pyrochlores with the composition A$_2$B$_2$O$_7$ (where A=La,Y and B=Ti,Sn,Hf, Zr). Some thermal properties are also inferred from the elastic properties. A decrease of the sound velocity (and thus, of the Debye temperature) with the atomic mass of the B ion is observed. Static and dynamical atomic charges are obtained to quantify the degree of covalency/ionicity. A large anomalous contribution to the dynamical charge is observed for Hf, Zr, and specially for Ti. It is attributed to the hybridization between occupied $2p$ states of oxygen and unoccupied d states of the B cation. The analysis based on Mulliken population and deformation charge integrated in the Voronoi polyhedra indicates that the ionicity of these pyrochlores increases in the order Sn--Ti--Hf--Zr. The charge deformation contour plots support this assignment.
description: Modified contact details, and acknowledgments
An Investigation of Equivalent Scales in Demand Using the 191 Latvian Household Budget Survey
Creators: name: Hossain, Ferdaus
name: Jensen, Helen H.
name: Hossain, Ferdaus
name: Jensen, Helen H.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1995
Subjects: Consumer/Household Economics
Demand and Price Analysis

description: The 1991 Latvia household budget survey provided data for establishing basic information about food consumption levels and patterns in Latvia during the first year of major economic reforms. This study evaluates one aspect of economic decision making of households: how income is allocated for consumption of various broad categories of food items. The analysis uses the 1991 data to examine the importance of income and household composition on food expenditures. Estimated income elasticities for various food commodities suggest the magnitude of changes in real household income that have occurred in Latvia. With relativity low income elasticities (estimated from the 1991 data), declines in household income would not be met by significant reductions in food expenditures, suggesting greater reduction in expenditures on other goods. In addition to current estimates obtained from the Latvian data, the economic approach and method of empirical analysis are provided in sufficient detail to be useful for other researchers replicating the methods and procedures on similar data sets.