cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
On Conformal, SL(4,R) and Sp(8,R) Symmetries of 4d Massless Fields
Creators: name: Vasiliev, M. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The $sp(8, R)$ invariant formulation of free field equations of massless fields of all spins in $AdS_4$ available previously in terms of gauge invariant field strengths is extended to gauge potentials. As a by-product, free field equations for a massless gauge field are shown to possess both $su(2,2)\sim o(4,2)$ and $sl(4,R)\sim o(3,3)$ symmetry. The proposed formulation is well-defined in the $AdS_4$ background but experiences certain degeneracy in the flat limit that does not allow conformal invariant field equations for spin $s>1$ gauge fields in Minkowski space. The basis model involves the doubled set of fields of all spins. It is manifestly invariant under U(1) electric-magnetic duality extended to higher spins. Reduction to a single massless field contains the equations that relate its electric and magnetic potentials which are mixed by the conformal transformations for s>1. We use the unfolded formulation approach recalled in the paper with some emphasis on the role of Chevalley-Eilenberg cohomology of a Lie algebra $g$ in $g$-invariant field equations. This method makes it easy to guess a form of the 4d $sp(8, R)$ invariant massless field equations and then to extend them to the ten dimensional $sp(8,R)$ invariant space-time. Dynamical content of the field equations is analyzed in terms of $σ_-$ cohomology.
description: 66 pages, V2: minor corrections, references and acknowledgments added, coefficients and typos corrected, V3: typos corrected, version to appear in Nucl. Phys. B
Magnetic fields in protoplanetary disks
Creators: name: Wardle, Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic fields likely play a key role in the dynamics and evolution of protoplanetary discs. They have the potential to efficiently transport angular momentum by MHD turbulence or via the magnetocentrifugal acceleration of outflows from the disk surface, and magnetically-driven mixing has implications for disk chemistry and evolution of the grain population. However, the weak ionisation of protoplanetary discs means that magnetic fields may not be able to effectively couple to the matter. I present calculations of the ionisation equilibrium and magnetic diffusivity as a function of height from the disk midplane at radii of 1 and 5 AU. Dust grains tend to suppress magnetic coupling by soaking up electrons and ions from the gas phase and reducing the conductivity of the gas by many orders of magnitude. However, once grains have grown to a few microns in size their effect starts to wane and magnetic fields can begin to couple to the gas even at the disk midplane. Because ions are generally decoupled from the magnetic field by neutral collisions while electrons are not, the Hall effect tends to dominate the diffusion of the magnetic field when it is able to partially couple to the gas. For a standard population of 0.1 micron grains the active surface layers have a combined column of about 2 g/cm^2 at 1 AU; by the time grains have aggregated to 3 microns the active surface density is 80 g/cm^2. In the absence of grains, x-rays maintain magnetic coupling to 10% of the disk material at 1 AU (150 g/cm^2). At 5 AU the entire disk thickness becomes active once grains have aggregated to 1 micron in size.
description: 11 pages, 11 figs, aastex.cls. Accepted for publication in Astrophysics & Space Science. v3 corrects bibliography
Attractors with Large Complex Structure for One-Parameter Families of Calabi-Yau Manifolds
Creators: name: Candelas, Philip
name: Kuusela, Pyry
name: McGovern, Joseph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The attractor equations for an arbitrary one-parameter family of Calabi-Yau manifolds are studied in the large complex structure region. These equations are solved iteratively, generating what we term an N-expansion, which is a power series in the Gromov-Witten invariants of the manifold. The coefficients of this series are associated with integer partitions. In important cases we are able to find closed-form expressions for the general term of this expansion. To our knowledge, these are the first generic solutions to attractor equations that incorporate instanton contributions. In particular, we find a simple closed-form formula for the entropy associated to rank two attractor points, including those recently discovered. The applications of our solutions are briefly discussed. Most importantly, we are able to give an expression for the Wald entropy of black holes that includes all genus 0 instanton corrections.
description: v2: typos corrected, references added
The Effect of Binarity on Stellar Rotation - Beyond the Reach of Tides
Creators: name: Meibom, S.
name: Mathieu, R. D.
name: Stassun, K. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a comparison between the rotation period distributions of solar-type single stars and primary stars in close binaries (0.1 AU ~< a ~< 5 AU) in the young (150 Myr) open cluster M35 (NGC 2168). We find that the primary stars in the close binaries rotate faster than the single stars, on average. The differences in the means and medians between the period distributions are statistically significant at the 99.9% level or higher. The faster rotation among the primary stars in close binaries is not due to tidal synchronization as tidally evolved stars are excluded from the comparison. We discuss this result in the context of different early-evolution accretion processes and star-disk interactions for single stars and stars in close binaries.
description: 10 pages, 1 figure, accepted to ApJL
Cahiers Tristan L'Hermite. 2011, XXXIII
Creators: name: (:Unap)
Publisher: name: Classiques Garnier
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Poésie
subject: Musique
subject: XVIIe siècle
subject: Théâtre
subject: Tragédie
subject: Louis XIII
subject: Baroque
subject: Tristan

description: Depuis 1979, l'association des Amis de Tristan publie les Cahiers Tristan L'Hermite pour faire connaître ce poète polygraphe (1601-1655). On y édite les travaux de chercheurs ou d'amateurs éclairés sur l'auteur ou le contexte littéraire et culturel du siècle de Louis XIII. Après un numéro sur Texte/image en 2010, le n° 33 (2011), Tristan et la musique de son temps, rassemble les textes d'une rencontre au Centre de musique baroque de Versailles entre spécialistes de poésie et de musique du premier xviie siècle.
description: Les Amis de Tristan society has published the Cahiers Tristan L'Hermite since 1979. It brings to the world the polygraph poet (1601-1655) and the literary and cultural context of the reign of Louis XIII.
D0-anti-D0 Mixing and CP Violation in D0 vs anti-D0 to K*(+-) K(-+) Decays
Creators: name: Xing, Zhi-zhong
name: Zhou, Shun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The noteworthy BaBar and Belle evidence for $D^0$-$\bar{D}^0$ mixing motivates us to study its impact on $D^0\to K^{*\pm} K^\mp$ decays and their CP-conjugate processes. We show that both the $D^0$-$\bar{D}^0$ mixing parameters ($x$ and $y$) and the strong phase difference between $\bar{D}^0\to K^{*\pm}K^\mp$ and $D^0\to K^{*\pm}K^\mp$ transitions ($δ$) can be determined or constrained from the time-dependent measurements of these decay modes. On the $ψ(3770)$ and $ψ(4140)$ resonances at a $τ$-charm factory, it is even possible to determine or constrain $x$, $y$ and $δ$ from the time-independent measurements of coherent $(D^0\bar{D}^0) \to (K^{*\pm} K^\mp)(K^{*\pm} K^\mp)$ decays. If the CP-violating phase of $D^0$-$\bar{D}^0$ mixing is significant in a scenario beyond the standard model, it can also be extracted from the $K^{*\pm} K^\mp$ events.
description: 12 pages (2 PS figures included), to be published in Phys. Rev. D as a Rapid Communication
Políticas para favorecer el Acceso Abierto no comercial
Creators: name: Becerril, Arianna
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: OIAR

description: Open Science on a Global Scale
description: Primary funding was provided by the Social Science and Humanities Research Council of Canada (SSHRC), with addition financial and in-kind support provided by Eclac, FORCE11, and the Sloan Foundation through the Reimagining Educational Practices for Open (REPO) project.
Sharpness of the phase transition and exponential decay of the subcritical cluster size for percolation on quasi-transitive graphs
Creators: name: Antunović, Tonći
name: Veselić, Ivan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 05C25, 82B43, 05C80

description: We study homogeneous, independent percolation on general quasi-transitive graphs. We prove that in the disorder regime where all clusters are finite almost surely, in fact the expectation of the cluster size is finite. This extends a well-known theorem by Menshikov and Aizenman & Barsky to all quasi-transitive graphs. Moreover we deduce that in this disorder regime the cluster size distribution decays exponentially, extending a result of Aizenman & Newman. Our results apply to both edge and site percolation, as well as long range (edge) percolation. The proof is based on a modification of the Aizenman & Barsky method.
description: Latex 2e; 25 pages (a4wide); small editorial corrections; one reference added
X-ray Timing Observations of PSR J1930+1852 in the Crab-like SNR G54.1+0.3
Creators: name: Lu, Fangjun
name: Wang, Q. Daniel
name: Gotthelf, E. V.
name: Qu, Jinlu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present new X-ray timing and spectral observations of PSR J1930+1852, the young energetic pulsar at the center of the non-thermal supernova remnant G54.1+0.3. Using data obtained with the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer and Chandra X-ray observatories we have derived an updated timing ephemeris of the 136 ms pulsar spanning 6 years. During this interval, however, the period evolution shows significant variability from the best fit constant spin-down rate of $\dot P = 7.5112(6) \times 10^{-13}$ s s$^{-1}$, suggesting strong timing noise and/or glitch activity. The X-ray emission is highly pulsed ($71\pm5%$ modulation) and is characterized by an asymmetric, broad profile ($\sim 70%$ duty cycle) which is nearly twice the radio width. The spectrum of the pulsed emission is well fitted with an absorbed power law of photon index $Γ= 1.2\pm0.2$; this is marginally harder than that of the unpulsed component. The total 2-10 keV flux of the pulsar is $1.7 \times 10^{-12}$ erg cm$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$. These results confirm PSR J1930+1852 as a typical Crab-like pulsar.
description: 14 pages with 7 figures included, accepted to ApJ
Dalitz plot studies of $D^0 \to K^0_S K^+ K^-$ decays in a factorization approach
Creators: name: Dedonder, J. -P.
name: Kamiński, R.
name: Leśniak, L.
name: Loiseau, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The $\textit{BABAR}$ Collaboration data of the $D^0 \to K^0_S K^+ K^-$ process are analyzed within a quasi two-body factorization framework. In earlier studies, assuming $D^0$ transitions to two kaons and the transitions between one kaon and two kaons to proceed through the dominant intermediate resonances, we approximated them as being proportional to the kaon form factors. To obtain good fits, one has to multiply the scalar-kaon form factors, derived from unitary relativistic coupled-channel models or in a dispersion relation approach, by phenomenological energy-dependent functions. The final state kaon-kaon interactions in the $S$-, $P$- and $D$- waves are taken into account. All $S$-wave channels are treated in a unitary way. The $K^+K^-$ and $\bar K^0 K^+$ $S$-wave effective mass squared distributions, corrected for phase space, are shown, in a model-independent manner, to be significantly different. Then the $f_0(980)$ resonance must be included at variance with the BABAR analysis. The best fit has 19 free parameters and indicates i) the dominance of annihilation amplitudes, ii) a large dominance of the $f_0(980)$ meson in the near threshold $K^+K^-$ invariant mass distribution and iii) a sizable branching fraction to the $K_S^0 \ [ρ(770)^+ + ρ(1450)^+ + ρ(1700)^+] $ final states. An appendix provides an update of the determination of the isoscalar-scalar meson-meson amplitudes based on an enlarged set of data. A second appendix proposes two alternative fits based on scalar-kaon form factors calculated from the Muskhelishvili-Omnès dispersion relation approach. These fits have $χ^2$ quite close to that of the best fit but they show important contributions from both the $f_0$ and $a_0^0$ mesons and a weaker role of the $ρ^+$ mesons.
description: 50 pages, 17 figures; v2: figure 10 is now cited in the text, typos corrected, matches the published (PRD) version
Additional file 9 of Fine mapping of the QTL cqSPDA2 for chlorophyll content in Brassica napus L.
Creators: name: Ye, Jingxiu
name: Liu, Haidong
name: Zhao, Zhi
name: Xu, Liang
name: Li, Kaixiang
name: Du, Dezhi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 9: Table S7. Gene expression in the mapping interval on A02.
Uma visão holística da Terra e do Espaço nas suas vertentes naturais e humanas. Homenagem à Professora Celeste Romualdo Gomes
Creators: name: Marques, Carla
name: Abrantes, Isabel
name: Gomes, Elsa M. C.
name: Lopes, Betina
name: Callapez, Pedro M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Digital practical activities
Teaching and learning
School textbooks
Rocks and metamorphic processes

description: Metamorphic rocks and, consequently, the metamorphic processes responsible for their genesis, are thematic contents taught in the discipline of Biology and Geology of the 10th and 11th years of schooling, widely represented in the Geology of Portugal, which allows a contextualized teaching, using different strategies and methodologies that value Science, and the development of skills to deal with the challenges of the contemporary society, which is more and more technological and globalizing. The universe of rocks and the teaching/learning of metamorphism are presented as the theme of this project, which aims to: 1) evaluate the cognitive level, according to Bloom's revised taxonomy, of the theoretical and practical contents, included in school textbooks of the 10th/11th years and national exams of Biology and Geology, and verify whether they are congruent; 2) to analyze the students' responses to questions of the national exams on metamorphic rocks, taking into account their cognitive level; 3) select practical activities in school textbooks, scientific books and didactic websites of national and international universities, to build digital, innovative and interactive didactic-pedagogical resources that can be applied in a real context; 4) to validate the materials constructed to assess their didactic and scientific correction; and 5) to assess the contribution of the resources built in the adequate learning of the students and in the construction of literacy in Geosciences.
Relativity and Radiation Balance for the Classical Hydrogen Atom in Classical Electromagnetic Zero-Point Radiation
Creators: name: Boyer, Timothy H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Here we review the understanding of the classical hydrogen atom in classical electromagnetic zero-point radiation, and emphasize the importance of special relativity. The crucial missing ingredient in earlier calculational attempts (both numerical and analytic) is the use of valid approximations to the full relativistic analysis. It is pointed out that the nonrelativistic time Fourier expansion coefficients given by Landau and Lifshitz are in error as the electromagnetic description of a charged particle in a Coulomb potential, and, because of this error, Marshall and Claverie's conclusion regarding the failure of radiation balance is invalid. Rather, using Marshall and Claverie's calculations, but restricted to lowest nonvanishing order in the orbital eccentricity (where the nonrelativistic orbit is a valid approximation to the fully relativistic electromagnetic orbit) radiation balance for classical electromagnetic zero-point radiation is shown to hold at the fundamental frequencies and associated first overtones.
description: 31 pages
Vortex-induced topological transition of the bilinear-biquadratic Heisenberg antiferromagnet on the triangular lattice
Creators: name: Kawamura, Hikaru
name: Yamamoto, Atsushi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ordering of the classical Heisenberg antiferromagnet on the triangular lattice with the the bilinear-biquadratic interaction is studied by Monte Carlo simulations. It is shown that the model exhibits a topological phase transition at a finite-temperature driven by topologically stable vortices, while the spin correlation length remains finite even at and below the transition point. The relevant vortices could be of three different types, depending on the value of the biquadratic coupling. Implications to recent experiments on the triangular antiferromagnet NiGa$_2$S$_4$ is discussed.
TENDENCIAS DE INNOVACIÓN EDUCATIVA. UN PROCESO PARA SABER LAS QUE PUEDO APLICAR EN MI AULA.
Creators: name: Fidalgo-Blanco, Ángel
name: Sein-Echaluce, María Luisa
name: García-Peñalvo, F.J
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Tendencias de Innovación Educativa, Método MAIN, Aprendizaje Adaptativo, BlockChain, Habito Activo.

description: En numerosas ocasiones las tendencias se ven como algo lejano, algo que está por venir y por tanto, de momento, no es aplicable en nuestras aulas. Nada más lejos de la realidad, éstas se pueden aplicar de forma inmediata. En función del objetivo y estrategia de usos, la aplicación de las tendencias será costosa y compleja. En otros casos barata y sencilla.

En este artículo se definen un conjunto de procesos que permitirán:

	Clasificar las tendencias en función de la “proximidad de aplicación en el aula”.
	Aplicar un proceso para seleccionar las que se integren de forma más adecuada con el objetivo de la innovación educativa docente a aplicar.
The geology and petrology of the Averill Alkaline Plutonic Complex, near Grand Forks, British Columbia
Creators: name: Keep, Myra
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The Averiil Alkali Plutonic Complex is an informal name given to a suite of alkalic plutonic rocks that occur in southern British Columbia, approximately 80 kilometres north of Grand Forks. The suite comprises five plutonic members, ranging in composition from pyroxenite to syenite, which have been intruded by two later coeval dyke swarms. The first four members of the plutonic suite include pyroxenite, monzogabbro, monzodiorite and monzonite, and define a concentrically zoned intrusion with pyroxenite at the centre and monzonite at the edge. The fifth member, a syenite, was intruded through the centre of this concentric zonation, causing brecciation of the pyroxenite and monzogabbro. The first four members of the alkali suite have the same mineralogy, including pyroxene, amphibole, biotite, alkali feldspar, plagioclase feldspar, apatite, sphene, oxides and sulphides, with occasional epidote. The only difference between the four lithologies is the modal proportions of each mineral present. The syenite differs in mineralogy comprising essentially alkali feldspar with interstitial mafic phases and poikilitic garnet. Apatite and sphene are also present. Electron microprobe analysis demonstrates that the constituent pyroxenes are uniformally augite/salite, and some zoning is present. The amphibole is hornblende, that shows no variation in chemical composition. Biotite has a uniform composition also. Poikilitic garnet in the syenite is andraditic in composition. Alkali feldspars in the pyroxenites to monzonites range from orthoclase (100) to albite (100). Plagioclase compositions range from albite (100) to anorthite (50). The syenites contain only alkali feldspar ranging from orthoclase 70 to orthoclase 100. There is good field, petrographic and geochemical data to propose that the pyroxenite to monzonite sequence of rocks is cogenetic. Furthermore, Pearce element ratio diagrams suggest that the syenite can be related to the monzonite through simple fractionation of alkali feldspar. Rare platinum group element mineralization in the map area is associated with copper rich mineralization derived from the intrusion of the syenite.
Recurrence analysis of the Portevin-Le Chatelier effect
Creators: name: Sarkar, A.
name: Webber, Charles L.
name: Barat, P.
name: Mukherjee, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Tensile tests were carried out by deforming polycrystalline samples of Al-2.5%Mg alloy at room temperature in a wide range of strain rates where the Portevin-Le Chatelier (PLC) effect was observed. The experimental stress-time series data have been analyzed using the recurrence analysis technique based on the Recurrence Plot (RP) and the Recurrence Quantification Analysis (RQA) to study the change in the dynamical behavior of the PLC effect with the imposed strain rate. Our study revealed that the RQA is able to detect the unique crossover phenomenon in the PLC dynamics.
description: 17 pages, 3 figures
A Survey on Cross-Virtuality Analytics - Supplemental Material
Creators: name: Fröhler, Bernhard
name: Anthes, Christoph
name: Pointecker, Fabian
name: Friedl, Judith
name: Schwajda, Daniel
name: Riegler, Andreas
name: Shailesh Tripathi
name: Holzmann, Clemens
name: Brunner, M.
name: Jodlbauer, Herbert
name: Jetter, Hans-Christian
name: Heinzl, Christoph
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: Supplemental Material to “A Survey on Cross-Virtuality Analytics”
Muon ${g-2}$ discrepancy within D-brane string compactifications
Creators: name: Anchordoqui, Luis A.
name: Antoniadis, Ignatios
name: Huang, Xing
name: Lust, Dieter
name: Taylor, Tomasz R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Very recently, the Muon $g-2$ experiment at Fermilab has confirmed the E821 Brookhaven result, which hinted at a deviation of the muon anomalous magnetic moment from the Standard Model (SM) expectation. The combined results from Brookhaven and Fermilab show a difference with the SM prediction $δa_μ= (251 \pm 59) \times 10^{-11}$ at a significance of $4.2σ$, strongly indicating the presence of new physics. Motivated by this new result we reexamine the contributions to the muon anomalous magnetic moment from both: (i)~the ubiquitous $U(1)$ gauge bosons of D-brane string theory constructions and (ii)~the Regge excitations of the string. We show that, for a string scale ${\cal O} ({\rm PeV})$, the contribution from anomalous $U(1)$ gauge bosons which couple to hadrons could help to reduce (though not fully eliminate) the discrepancy reported by the Muon $g-2$ Collaboration. Consistency with null results from LHC searches of new heavy vector bosons imparts the dominant constraint. We demonstrate that the contribution from Regge excitations is strongly suppressed as it was previously conjectured. We also comment on contributions from Kaluza-Klein (KK) modes, which could help resolve the $δa_μ$ discrepancy. In particular, we argue that for 4-stack intersecting D-brane models, the KK excitations of the $U(1)$ boson living on the lepton brane would not couple to hadrons and therefore can evade the LHC bounds while fully bridging the $δa_μ$ gap observed at Brookhaven and Fermilab.
description: Matching version to be published in Fortsch. Phys
Infinite horizon backward stochastic Volterra integral equations and discounted control problems
Creators: name: Hamaguchi, Yushi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60H20, 45G05, 49K45, 49N15

description: Infinite horizon backward stochastic Volterra integral equations (BSVIEs for short) are investigated. We prove the existence and uniqueness of the adapted M-solution in a weighted $L^2$-space. Furthermore, we extend some important known results for finite horizon BSVIEs to the infinite horizon setting. We provide a variation of constant formula for a class of infinite horizon linear BSVIEs and prove a duality principle between a linear (forward) stochastic Volterra integral equation (SVIE for short) and an infinite horizon linear BSVIE in a weighted $L^2$-space. As an application, we investigate infinite horizon stochastic control problems for SVIEs with discounted cost functional. We establish both necessary and sufficient conditions for optimality by means of Pontryagin's maximum principle, where the adjoint equation is described as an infinite horizon BSVIE. These results are applied to discounted control problems for fractional stochastic differential equations and stochastic integro-differential equations.
description: 42 pages
Balancing Local Order and Long-Ranged Interactions in the Molecular Theory of Liquid Water
Creators: name: Shah, J. K.
name: Asthagiri, D.
name: Pratt, L. R.
name: Paulaitis, M. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A molecular theory of liquid water is identified and studied on the basis of computer simulation of the TIP3P model of liquid water. This theory would be exact for models of liquid water in which the intermolecular interactions vanish outside a finite spatial range, and therefore provides a precise analysis tool for investigating the effects of longer-ranged intermolecular interactions. We show how local order can be introduced through quasi-chemical theory. Long-ranged interactions are characterized generally by a conditional distribution of binding energies, and this formulation is interpreted as a regularization of the primitive statistical thermodynamic problem. These binding-energy distributions for liquid water are observed to be unimodal. The gaussian approximation proposed is remarkably successful in predicting the Gibbs free energy and the molar entropy of liquid water, as judged by comparison with numerically exact results. The remaining discrepancies are subtle quantitative problems that do have significant consequences for the thermodynamic properties that distinguish water from many other liquids. The basic subtlety of liquid water is found then in the competition of several effects which must be quantitatively balanced for realistic results.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures
Supplementary document for A multislice computational model for birefringent scattering - 6166449.pdf
Creators: name: Mu, Shuqi
name: Shi, Yingtong
name: Song, Yintong
name: Liu, Wei
name: Wei, Wanxue
name: Gong, Qihuang
name: Dong, Dashan
name: Shi, Kebin
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supplemental Document
Supplementary Material
Creators: name: Spaans, O. K.
name: Kuhn-Sherlock, B.
name: Roche, J. R.
name: Hickey, A.
name: Crookenden, M. A.
name: Heiser, A.
name: Burke, C. R.
name: Phyn, C. V. C.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: Supplementary Material Appendix I - methods and materials for the collated database Supplementary Table 1 - Measurements collected during each experiment and used in the collated database, number of observations after selecting time points and averaging to get one measurement for each animal.
Emerging Dimming as Coronal Heating Episodes
Creators: name: Payne, Anna V.
name: Sun, Xudong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Emerging dimming occurs in isolated solar active regions (ARs) during the early stages of magnetic flux emergence. Observed by the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly, it features a rapid decrease in extreme-ultraviolet (EUV) emission in the 171 Å channel images, and a simultaneous increase in the 211 Å images. Here, we analyze the coronal thermodynamic and magnetic properties to probe its physical origin. We calculate the time-dependent differential emission measures for a sample of 18 events between 2010 and 2012. The emission measure (EM) decrease in the temperature range $5.7 \le \log_{10}T \le 5.9$ is well correlated with the EM increase in $6.2 \le \log_{10}T \le 6.4$ over eight orders of magnitude. This suggests that the coronal plasma is being heated from the quiet-Sun, sub-MK temperature to 1-2 MK, more typical for ARs. Potential field extrapolation indicates significant change in the local magnetic connectivity: the dimming region is now linked to the newly emerged flux via longer loops. We conclude that emerging dimming is likely caused by coronal heating episodes, powered by reconnection between the emerging and the ambient magnetic fields.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures, 1 table. Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
A Topological Glass
Creators: name: Eckmann, Jean-Pierre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose and study a model with glassy behavior. The state space of the model is given by all triangulations of a sphere with $n$ nodes, half of which are red and half are blue. Red nodes want to have 5 neighbors while blue ones want 7. Energies of nodes with different numbers of neighbors are supposed to be positive. The dynamics is that of flipping the diagonal of two adjacent triangles, with a temperature dependent probability. We show that this system has an approach to a steady state which is exponentially slow, and show that the stationary state is unordered. We also study the local energy landscape and show that it has the hierarchical structure known from spin glasses. Finally, we show that the evolution can be described as that of a rarefied gas with spontaneous generation of particles and annihilating collisions.
Optimal collision avoidance in swarms of active Brownian particles
Creators: name: Borra, Francesco
name: Cencini, Massimo
name: Celani, Antonio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effectiveness of collective navigation of biological or artificial agents requires to accommodate for contrasting requirements, such as staying in a group while avoiding close encounters and at the same time limiting the energy expenditure for manoeuvring. Here, we address this problem by considering a system of active Brownian particles in a finite two-dimensional domain and ask what is the control that realizes the optimal tradeoff between collision avoidance and control expenditure. We couch this problem in the language of optimal stochastic control theory and by means of a mean-field game approach we derive an analytic mean-field solution, characterized by a second-order phase transition in the alignment order parameter. We find that a mean-field version of a classical model for collective motion based on alignment interactions (Vicsek model) performs remarkably close to the optimal control. Our results substantiate the view that observed group behaviors may be explained as the result of optimizing multiple objectives and offer a theoretical ground for biomimetic algorithms used for artificial agents.
description: 25 pages, 6 figures, 2 tables
Quasi-black holes: definition and general properties
Creators: name: Lemos, José P. S.
name: Zaslavskii, Oleg B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Objects that are on the verge of being extremal black holes but actually are distinct in many ways are called quasi-black holes. Quasi-black holes are defined here and treated in a unified way through the displaying of their properties. The main ones are (i) there are infinite redshift whole regions, (ii) the spacetimes exhibit degenerate, almost singular, features but their curvature invariants remain perfectly regular everywhere, (iii) in the limit under discussion, outer and inner regions become mutually impenetrable and disjoint, although, in contrast to the usual black holes, this separation is of a dynamical nature, rather than purely causal, (iv) for external far away observers the spacetime is virtually indistinguishable from that of extremal black holes. It is shown, in addition, that quasi-black holes must be extremal. Connections with black hole and wormhole physics are also drawn.
description: 29 pages, minor changes
Anomalous pressure behavior of tangential modes in single-wall carbon nanotubes
Creators: name: Yang, Wei
name: Wang, Ru-Zhi
name: Wang, Yu-Fang
name: Song, Xue-Mei
name: Wang, Bo
name: Yan, Hui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the molecular dynamics simulations and the force constant model we have studied the Raman-active tangential modes (TMs) of a (10, 0) single-wall carbon nanotube (SWNT) under hydrostatic pressure. With increasing pressure, the atomic motions in the three TMs present obvious diversities. The pressure derivative of E1g, A1g, and E2g mode frequency shows an increased value (), a constant value (), and a negative value () above 5.3 GPa, respectively. The intrinsic characteristics of TMs consumedly help to understand the essence of the experimental T band of CNT. The anomalous pressure behavior of the TMs frequencies may be originated from the tube symmetry alteration from D10h to D2h then to C2h.
description: 15 pages, 3 pages, submitted to Phys. Rev. B
The Brave New World? Turning Open Science Principles into Practice / Un mundo feliz? Tranformando los principios de la Ciencia Abierta en prácticas.
Creators: name: Ayris, Paul
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: OIAR

description: Open Science on a Global Scale
description: Primary funding was provided by the Social Science and Humanities Research Council of Canada (SSHRC), with addition financial and in-kind support provided by Eclac, FORCE11, and the Sloan Foundation through the Reimagining Educational Practices for Open (REPO) project.
Indigenous Digital Inclusion: Interconnections and Comparisons
Creators: name: Campbell-Meier, Jennifer
name: Sylvester, Allan
name: Goulding, Anne
Publisher: name: Open Access Victoria University of Wellington | Te Herenga Waka
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 80709 Social and Community Informatics
subject: FOS: Media and communications

description: This paper explores published research on Indigenous digital inclusion, starting from the premise that Indigenous peoples adopt and use digital technologies in ways that fit their specific social contexts. Analysis of search results from Scopus and Web of Science aimed to identify common themes and approaches, and to explore differences and interconnections between research from disparate academic disciplines. The findings indicate that research from Australasia features prominently and that the Social and Computer Sciences produce the bulk of the work in this area. Conclusions comment on the importance of a strengths-based, as opposed to a deficit, approach to research and instruction in Indigenous digital inclusion.
Distribution of the molecular absorption in front of the quasar B0218+357
Creators: name: Muller, S.
name: Guelin, M.
name: Combes, F.
name: Wiklind, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The line of sight to the quasar B0218+357, one of the most studied lensed systems, intercepts a z=0.68 spiral galaxy, which splits its image into two main components A and B, separated by ca. 0.3'', and gives rise to molecular absorption. Although the main absorption component has been shown to arise in front of image A, it is not established whether some absorption from other velocity components is also occuring in front of image B. To tackle this question, we have observed the HCO+(2-1) absorption line during the commissioning phase of the new very extended configuration of the Plateau de Bure Interferometer, in order to trace the position of the absorption as a function of frequency. Visibility fitting of the self-calibrated data allowed us to achieve position accuracy between ~12 and 80 mas per velocity component. Our results clearly demonstrate that all the different velocity components of the HCO+(2-1) absorption arise in front of the south-west image A of the quasar. We estimate a flux ratio fA/fB = 4.2 (-1.0;+1.8 at 106 GHz.
description: accepted for publication in A&A Letter special issue for the new extended configuration of the Plateau de Bure Interferometer
The strong superadditivity conjecture holds for the quantum depolarizing channel in any dimension
Creators: name: Amosov, Grigori G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Given a quantum channel $Φ$ in a Hilbert space $H$ put $\hat H_Φ(ρ)=\min \limits_{ρ_{av}=ρ}Σ_{j=1}^{k}π_{j}S(Φ(ρ_{j}))$, where $ρ_{av}=Σ_{j=1}^{k}π_{j}ρ_{j}$, the minimum is taken over all probability distributions $π=\{π_{j}\}$ and states $ρ_{j}$ in $H$, $S(ρ)=-Trρ\logρ$ is the von Neumann entropy of a state $ρ$. The strong superadditivity conjecture states that $\hat H_{Φ\otimes Ψ}(ρ)\ge \hat H_Φ(Tr_{K}(ρ))+\hat H_Ψ(Tr_{H}(ρ))$ for two channels $Φ$ and $Ψ$ in Hilbert spaces $H$ and $K$, respectively. We have proved the strong superadditivity conjecture for the quantum depolarizing channel in any dimensions.
description: 3 pages
Cosmogenic neutrinos as a probe of the transition from Galactic to extragalactic cosmic rays
Creators: name: Takami, Hajime
name: Murase, Kohta
name: Nagataki, Shigehiro
name: Sato, Katsuhiko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There are two promising scenarios that explain the ankle, which is a dip in the spectrum of cosmic rays at $\sim 10^{19}$ eV. A scenario interprets the ankle as the transition from Galactic to extragalactic cosmic rays ({\it ankle-transition scenario}), while the other is that the dip caused by pair production on the cosmic microwave background radiation ({\it proton-dip scenario}). In this paper, we consider whether cosmogenic neutrinos can be a clue to judge which scenario is favored. We calculated the fluxes of cosmogenic neutrinos following these scenarios with plausible physical parameter sets, and found several important features as follows. First of all, the neutrino flux at $\sim 10^{20}$ eV becomes much higher in the ankle-transition scenario as long as the maximum energy of the cosmic rays at sources is sufficiently high. On the other hand, the neutrino spectrum has a characteristic peak at $\sim 10^{16}$ eV in the proton-dip scenario on the condition that extragalactic protons significantly contribute to the observed cosmic rays down to $10^{17}$ eV. Thus, we conclude cosmogenic neutrinos should give us a clue to judge which scenario is favored, unless these features are masked by the neutrino background coming from possible, powerful neutrino sources such as AGNs and GRBs. We also found an interesting feature that the neutrino flux at $\sim 10^{18}$ eV depends only on the cosmological evolution of the cosmic ray sources. That means cosmogenic neutrinos with the energy bring us information on the cosmological evolution of the sources of ultra-high energy cosmic rays. Finally, we compare the fluxes of cosmogenic neutrinos with the expected sensitivity curves of several neutrino detectors, and conclude the detection of cosmogenic neutrinos in the near future is promising.
description: 25 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in Astroparticle Physics
Perspective: Towards the predictive discovery of ambipolarly dopable ultra-wide-band-gap semiconductors: the case of rutile GeO$_2$
Creators: name: Chae, S.
name: Mengle, K. A.
name: Bushick, K.
name: Lee, J.
name: Sanders, N.
name: Deng, Z.
name: Mi, Z.
name: Poudeu, P. F. P.
name: Paik, H.
name: Heron, J. T.
name: Kioupakis, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ultrawide-band-gap (UWBG) semiconductors are promising for fast, compact, and energy-efficient power-electronics devices. Their wider band gaps result in higher breakdown electric fields that enable high-power switching with a lower energy loss. Yet, the leading UWBG semiconductors suffer from intrinsic materials limitations with regards to their doping asymmetry that impedes their adoption in CMOS technology. Improvements in the ambipolar doping of UWBG materials will enable a wider range of applications in power electronics as well as deep- UV optoelectronics. These advances can be accomplished through theoretical insights on the limitations of current UWBG materials coupled with the computational prediction and experimental demonstration of alternative UWBG semiconductor materials with improved doping and transport properties. As an example, we discuss the case of rutile GeO$_2$ (r-GeO$_2$), a water-insoluble GeO$_2$ polytype which is theoretically predicted to combine an ultra-wide gap with ambipolar dopability, high carrier mobilities, and a higher thermal conductivity than \b{eta}-Ga$_2$O$_3$. The subsequent realization of single-crystalline r-GeO$_2$ thin films by molecular beam epitaxy provides the opportunity to realize r-GeO$_2$ for electronic applications. Future efforts towards the predictive discovery and design of new UWBG semiconductors include advances in first-principles theory and high-performance computing software, as well as the demonstration of controlled doping in high-quality thin films with lower dislocation densities and optimized film properties.
description: 30 pages, 5 figures
Additional file 7 of Fine mapping of the QTL cqSPDA2 for chlorophyll content in Brassica napus L.
Creators: name: Ye, Jingxiu
name: Liu, Haidong
name: Zhao, Zhi
name: Xu, Liang
name: Li, Kaixiang
name: Du, Dezhi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 7: Table S5. Genes in the mapping interval on the chromosome A02 and their orthologs in Arabidopsis.
Spin state mixing in InAs double quantum dots
Creators: name: Pfund, A.
name: Shorubalko, I.
name: Ensslin, K.
name: Leturcq, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We quantify the contributions of hyperfine and spin-orbit mediated singlet-triplet mixing in weakly coupled InAs quantum dots by electron transport spectroscopy in the Pauli spin blockade regime. In contrast to double dots in GaAs, the spin-orbit coupling is found to be more than two orders of magnitudes larger than the hyperfine mixing energy. It is already effective at magnetic fields of a few mT, where deviations from hyperfine mixing are observed.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Efficiency of navigation in indexed networks
Creators: name: Holme, Petter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate efficient methods for packets to navigate in complex networks. The packets are assumed to have memory, but no previous knowledge of the graph. We assume the graph to be indexed, i.e. every vertex is associated with a number (accessible to the packets) between one and the size of the graph. We test different schemes to assign indices and utilize them in packet navigation. Four different network models with very different topological characteristics are used for testing the schemes. We find that one scheme outperform the others, and has an efficiency close to the theoretical optimum. We discuss the use of indexed-graph navigation in peer-to-peer networking and other distributed information systems.
Construction of Complete Embedded Self-Similar Surfaces under Mean Curvature Flow. Part II
Creators: name: Nguyen, Xuan Hien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C44, 35J65

description: We study the Dirichlet problem associated to the equation for self-similar surfaces for graphs over the Euclidean plane with a disk removed. We show the existence of a solution provided the boundary conditions on the boundary circle are small enough and satisfy some symmetries. This is the second step towards the construction of new examples of complete embedded self similar surfaces under mean curvature flow.
description: 30 pages
Demonstration of the Equivalence of Soft and Zero-Bin Subtractions
Creators: name: Idilbi, Ahmad
name: Mehen, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Calculations of collinear correlation functions in perturbative QCD and Soft-Collinear Effective Theory (SCET) require a prescription for subtracting soft or zero-bin contributions in order to avoid double counting the contributions from soft modes. At leading order in $λ$, where $λ$ is the SCET expansion parameter, the zero-bin subtractions have been argued to be equivalent to convolution with soft Wilson lines. We give a proof of the factorization of naive collinear Wilson lines that is crucial for the derivation of the equivalence. We then check the equivalence by computing the non-Abelian two-loop mixed collinear-soft contribution to the jet function in the quark form factor. These results provide strong support for the equivalence, which can be used to give a nonperturbative definition of the zero-bin subtraction at lowest order in $λ$.
description: 14 pages, 3 figures
Additional file 8 of Fine mapping of the QTL cqSPDA2 for chlorophyll content in Brassica napus L.
Creators: name: Ye, Jingxiu
name: Liu, Haidong
name: Zhao, Zhi
name: Xu, Liang
name: Li, Kaixiang
name: Du, Dezhi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 8: Table S6. Primers designed for qRT-PCR of genes in the mapping interval.