cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
PRISMA Checklist for "Efficacy, Safety, and Immunogenicity of Rurioctocog Alfa Pegol for Prophylactic Treatment in Previously Treated Patients with Severe Hemophilia A: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Clinical Trials"
Creators: name: Witarto, Bendix
name: , Visuddho
name: Witarto, Andro
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Other Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences
subject: Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences
subject: Diseases
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Congenital, Hereditary, and Neonatal Diseases and Abnormalities

description: A completed PRISMA Checklist for the publication of "Efficacy, Safety, and Immunogenicity of Rurioctocog Alfa Pegol for Prophylactic Treatment in Previously Treated Patients with Severe Hemophilia A: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Clinical Trials"
Color Instabilities in the Quark-Gluon Plasma
Creators: name: Mrowczynski, Stanislaw
name: Schenke, Bjoern
name: Strickland, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) - a system of deconfined quarks and gluons - is in a nonequilibrium state, it is usually unstable with respect to color collective modes. The instabilities, which are expected to strongly influence dynamics of the QGP produced in relativistic heavy-ion collisions, are extensively discussed under the assumption that the plasma is weakly coupled. We begin by presenting the theoretical approaches to study the QGP, which include: field theory methods based on the Keldysh-Schwinger formalism, classical and kinetic theories, and fluid techniques. The dispersion equations, which give the spectrum of plasma collective excitations, are analyzed in detail. Particular attention is paid to a momentum distribution of plasma constituents which is obtained by deforming an isotropic momentum distribution. Mechanisms of chromoelectric and chromomagnetic instabilities are explained in terms of elementary physics. The Nyquist analysis, which allows one to determine the number of solutions of a dispersion equation without explicitly solving it, and stability criteria are also discussed. We then review various numerical approaches - purely classical or quantum - to simulate the temporal evolution of an unstable quark-gluon plasma. The dynamical role of instabilities in the processes of plasma equilibration is analyzed.
description: 104 pages, review article published in Physics Reports 682, 1 (2017)
Planck scale effect on the thermodynamics of photon gas
Creators: name: Faruk, Mir Mehedi
name: Rahman, Md. Muktadir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A particular framework for quantum gravity is the doubly special relativity (DSR) formalism that introduces a new observer independent scale (the Planck scale). We resort to the methods of statistical mechanics in this framework to determine how the deformed dispersion relation affects the thermodynamics of a photon gas. The ensuing modifications to the density of states, partition function, pressure, internal energy, entropy, free energy and specific heat are calculated. These results are compared with the outcome obtained in the Lorentz violating model of Camacho and Marcias (Gen. Relativ. Gravit. 39: 1175-1183, 2007). The two types of models predict different results due to different spacetime structure near the Planck scale. The resulting modifications can be interpreted as a consequence of the deformed Lorentz symmetry present in the particular model we have considered. In the low energy limit, our calculation coincides with usual results of photon thermodynamics in special relativity (SR) theory, in contrast to the study presented in (Phys. Rev. D81, 085039 (2010)).
A Lower Bound on the Entropy Rate for a Large Class of Stationary Processes and its Relation to the Hyperplane Conjecture
Creators: name: Dörpinghaus, Meik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present a new lower bound on the differential entropy rate of stationary processes whose sequences of probability density functions fulfill certain regularity conditions. This bound is obtained by showing that the gap between the differential entropy rate of such a process and the differential entropy rate of a Gaussian process with the same autocovariance function is bounded. This result is based on a recent result on bounding the Kullback-Leibler divergence by the Wasserstein distance given by Polyanskiy and Wu. Moreover, it is related to the famous hyperplane conjecture, also known as slicing problem, in convex geometry originally stated by J. Bourgain. Based on an entropic formulation of the hyperplane conjecture given by Bobkov and Madiman we discuss the relation of our result to the hyperplane conjecture.
description: presented at the 2016 IEEE Information Theory Workshop (ITW), Cambridge, UK
Identification via the Broadcast Channel
Creators: name: Bracher, Annina
name: Lapidoth, Amos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The identification (ID) capacity region of the two-receiver broadcast channel (BC) is shown to be the set of rate-pairs for which, for some distribution on the channel input, each receiver's ID rate does not exceed the mutual information between the channel input and the channel output that it observes. Moreover, the capacity region's interior is achieved by codes with deterministic encoders. The results are obtained under the average-error criterion, which requires that each receiver reliably identify its message whenever the message intended for the other receiver is drawn at random. They hold also for channels whose transmission capacity region is to-date unknown. Key to the proof is a new ID code construction for the single-user channel. Extensions to the BC with one-sided feedback and the three-receiver BC are also discussed: inner bounds on their ID capacity regions are obtained, and those are shown to be in some cases tight.
description: 83 pages, a shorter version is published in the IEEE Transactions on Information Theory
Apostila Lei nº.8.078/90 - Código de Defesa do Consumidor
Creators: name: Melo, Lisaneo M M
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Lei 8.078/80
Código de Defesa do Consumidor
Preparatório Concurso

description: - Apostila sobre a Lei nº. 8.078/90, conhecida como Código de Defesa do Consumidor brasileiro; - Elaborada para os alunos que buscam aprovação em concursos públicos; - Curso Aprimore, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil; - Elaborada em 2014.
Direct current parallel microdischarges in helium
Creators: name: Dufour, Thierry
name: Dussart, Remi
name: Overzet, Lawrence J.
name: Lefaucheux, Philippe
name: Ranson, Pierre
name: Lee, J. -B
name: Mandra, Monali
name: Goeckner, Matthew
name: Sadeghi, Nader
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Parallel Micro Hollow Cathodes Discharges are characterised by electrical and spectroscopic studies and by using an ICCD camera. V-I curves present a hysteresis cycle between Townsend and normal glow regimes. For I d =4-10mA, gas temperature ranges between 300-500{\textdegree}C. When the diameter of a hole decreases, a more significant discharge voltage is needed.
CRISPR/dCas9 DNA methylation editing is heritable during human hematopoiesis and shapes immune progeny.
Creators: name: Saunderson, Emily A
name: Encabo, Hector Huerga
name: Devis, Julie
name: Rouault-Pierre, Kevin
name: Piganeau, Marion
name: Bell, Christopher G
name: Gribben, John G
name: Bonnet, Dominique
name: Ficz, Gabriella
Publisher: name: The Francis Crick Institute
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: Tumour Biology
subject: Tumour Biology
classificationCode: Stem Cells
subject: Stem Cells
classificationCode: Human Biology & Physiology
subject: Human Biology & Physiology

description: Aging is associated with an abnormal increase in DNA methylation (DNAm) in human gene promoters, including in bone marrow stem cells. DNAm patterns are further perturbed in hematological malignancies such as acute myeloid leukemia but the physiological significance of such epigenetic changes is unknown. Using epigenetic editing of human stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs), we show that p15 methylation affects hematopoiesis in vivo. We edited the CDKN2B (p15) promoter and ARF (p14) using dCas9-3A3L and observed DNAm spreading beyond the gRNA location. We find that despite a transient delivery system, DNAm is maintained during myeloid differentiation in vitro, and hypermethylation of the p15 promoter reduces gene expression. In vivo, edited human HSPCs can engraft the bone marrow of mice and targeted DNAm is maintained in HSPCs long term. Moreover, epigenetic changes are conserved and inherited in both myeloid and lymphoid lineages. Although the proportion of myeloid (CD33+) and lymphoid (CD19+) cells is unaffected, monocyte (CD14+) populations decreased and granulocytes (CD66b+) increased in mice engrafted with p15 hypermethylated HSPCs. Monocytes derived from p15 hypermethylated HSPCs appear to be activated and show increased inflammatory transcriptional programs. We believe these findings have clinical relevance since we found p15 promoter methylation in the peripheral blood of patients with clonal hematopoiesis. Our study shows DNAm can be targeted and maintained in human HSPCs and demonstrated functional relevance of aberrant DNAm on the p15 locus. As such, other aging-associated aberrant DNAm may impact hematopoiesis in vivo.
LA-CoNGA physics: an open science education collaboration between Latin America and Europe for High Energy Physics
Creators: name: Camacho Toro, Reina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: The communities of astrophysics, astronomers and high energy physicists have been pioneers in establishing Virtual Research and Learning Networks (VRLCs)[1] generating international productive consortiums in virtual research environments and forming the new generation of scientists. These environments are key to improve accessibility and inclusion for students and researchers in developing countries. In this talk we will discuss one in particular: LA-CoNGA Physics (Latin American alliance for Capacity buildiNG in Advance physics) [2]. LA-CoNGA physics aims to support the modernization of the university infrastructure and the pedagogical offer in advanced physics in four Latin American countries: Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Venezuela. This virtual teaching and research network is composed of 3 partner universities in Europe and 8 in Latin America, high-level scientific partners (CEA, CERN, CNRS, DESY, ICTP), and several academic and industrial partners. The project is co-funded by the Education, Audiovisual and Culture Executive Agency (EACEA) of the European Commission. Open Science education and Open Data are at the heart of our operations. In practice LA-CoNGA physics has created a set of postgraduate courses in Advanced Physics (high energy physics and complex systems) that are common and inter-institutional, supported by the installation of interconnected instrumentation laboratories and an open e-learning platform. This program is inserted as a specialization in the Physics masters of the 8 Latinamerican partners in Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Venezuela. It is based on three pillars: courses in high energy physics theory/phenomenology, data science and instrumentation. The program is complemented by transversal activities like seminars, citizen science projects and open science hackathons [3]. In the current context, VRLCs and e-learning platforms are contributing to solve challenges, such as distance education during the COVID19 pandemic and internationalization of institutions in developing countries. [1] http://www.oecd.org/sti/inno/international-distributed-research-infrastructures.pdf
 [2] http://laconga.redclara.net
 [3] https://laconga.redclara.net/hackathon/
Spacetime foam induced collective bundling of intense fields
Creators: name: Oniga, Teodora
name: Wang, Charles H. -T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The influence of spacetime foam on a broad class of bosonic fields with arbitrary numbers of particles in the low energy regime is investigated. Based on recently formulated general description of open quantum gravitational systems, we analyse the propagation of scalar, electromagnetic, and gravitational waves on both long and short time scales with respect to their mean frequencies. For the long time propagation, the Markov approximation is employed that neglects the effects of initial conditions of these waves. In this case, despite intuitively expected decoherence and dissipation from the noisy spacetime, we show that such phenomena turn out to be completely suppressed for scalar bosons, photons, and gravitons, which are coupled to gravity but otherwise free. The short time effects are then recovered through the transient non-Markovian evolution. Focusing on scalar bosons in initially incoherent states, we find that the resulting quantum dissipation depend strongly on the distribution of the particle momentum states. We further identify a hitherto undiscovered collective anti-dissipation mechanism for a large number of particles. The surprising new effect tends to "bundle" identical particles within a sharply distributed momentum states having a width inversely proportional to the particle number due to the thermal fluctuations, or its square root due to the vacuum fluctuations of spacetime.
description: 7 pages; typos corrected
Landau level quantization for massless Dirac fermions in the spherical geometry: graphene fractional quantum Hall effect on the Haldane sphere
Creators: name: Arciniaga, Michael
name: Peterson, Michael R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive the single-particle eigenenergies and eigenfunctions for massless Dirac fermions confined to the surface of a sphere in the presence of a magnetic monopole, i.e., we solve the Landau level problem for electrons in graphene on the Haldane sphere. With the single-particle eigenfunctions and eigenenergies we calculate the Haldane pseudopotentials for the Coulomb interaction in the second Landau level and calculate the effective pseudopotentials characterizing an effective Landau level mixing Hamiltonian entirely in the spherical geometry to be used in theoretical studies of the fractional quantum Hall effect in graphene. Our treatment is analogous to the formalism in the planar geometry and reduces to the planar results in the thermodynamic limit.
description: 14 pages, 9 figures; v2 is published version with additional references and an additional section "Many-body exact diagonalization" with 2 new figures
Do the stellar populations of the brightest two group galaxies depend on the magnitude gap?
Creators: name: Trevisan, M.
name: Mamon, G. A.
name: Khosroshahi, H. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate how the stellar populations of the inner regions of the first and the second brightest group galaxies (respectively BGGs and SBGGs) vary as a function of magnitude gap, using an SDSS-based sample of 550 groups with elliptical BGGs. The sample is complete in redshift, luminosity and for $Δ\mathcal{M}_{12}$ up to 2.5 mag, and contains 59 large-gap groups (LGGs, with $Δ\mathcal{M}_{12} > 2.0$ mag). We determine ages, metallicities, and SFHs of BGGs and SBGGs using the STARLIGHT code with two different single stellar population models (which lead to important disagreements in SFHs), and also compute $[α/{\rm Fe}]$ from spectral indices. After removing the dependence with galaxy velocity dispersion or with stellar mass, there is no correlation with magnitude gap of BGG ages, metallicities, $[α/{\rm Fe}]$, and SFHs. The lack of trends of BGG SFHs with magnitude gap suggests that BGGs in LGGs have undergone more mergers than those in small-gap groups, but these mergers are either dry or occurred at very high redshift, which in either case would leave no detectable imprint in their spectra. We show that SBGGs in LGGs lie significantly closer to the BGGs (in projection) than galaxies with similar stellar masses in normal groups, which appears to be a sign of the earlier entry of the former into their groups. Nevertheless, the stellar population properties of the SBGGs in LGGs are compatible with those of the general population of galaxies with similar stellar masses residing in normal groups.
description: 20 pages, 15 figures, published in MNRAS. Consolidated version with Erratum
Electrodynamics and spacetime geometry: Astrophysical applications
Creators: name: Cabral, Francisco
name: Lobo, Francisco S. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: After a brief review of the foundations of (pre-metric) electromagnetism, we explore some physical consequences of electrodynamics in curved spacetime. In general, new electromagnetic couplings and related phenomena are induced by the spacetime curvature. The applications of astrophysical interest considered here correspond essentially to the following geometries: the Schwarzschild spacetime and the spacetime around a rotating spherical mass in the weak field and slow rotation regime. In the latter, we use the Parameterised Post-Newtonian (PPN) formalism. We also explore the hypothesis that the electric and magnetic properties of vacuum reflect the spacetime isometries. Therefore, the permittivity and permeability tensors should not be considered homogeneous and isotropic a priori. For spherical geometries we consider the effect of relaxing the homogeneity assumption in the constitutive relations between the fields and excitations. This affects the generalized Gauss and Maxwell-Ampère laws where the electric permittivity and magnetic permeability in vacuum depend on the radial coordinate in accordance with the local isometries of space. For the axially symmetric geometries we relax both the assumptions of homogeneity and isotropy. We explore simple solutions and discuss the physical implications related to different phenomena such as: the decay of electromagnetic fields in the presence of gravity, magnetic terms in Gauss law due to the gravitomagnetism of the spacetime around rotating objects, a frame-dragging effect on electric fields and the possibility of a spatial (radial) variability of the velocity of light in vacuum around spherical astrophysical objects for strong gravitational fields.
description: 20 pages. Applications of the general formalism developed in arXiv:1602.01492. V2: typos corrected and references added. V3: 15 pages; revised version to appear in The European Physical Journal Plus
title: Promoting rights and protecting vulnerabilities and people with learning disabilities: developing evidence based practice and policy in sexuality and adult protection
Creators: name: Cambridge, Paul
Publisher: name: University of Kent
Year: 2022

description: This thesis examines components of my research and published work in sexuality and adult protection and the connections between them in the context of policy, management and practice in services and support for people with learning disabilities. The first section of my thesis on sexuality focuses on HIV, homosexuality and the sexuality of men with learning disabilities. Using a mix of quantitative research and interpretative analysis I examine HIV risk management in services for people with learning disabilities, finding a lack visibility and recognition for the needs and experiences of men with learning disabilities who have sex with men. The accounts and exhibits provided also chart the development of specialist sex and safer-sex educational resources designed to address this neglect, with my wider work on the development and implementation of sexuality policy used to contextualise and generalise applied learning. Hidden issues such as sexuality in the provision of intimate and personal care are also exposed and a rights based approach to supporting the sexual fetish of men with learning disabilities is articulated. This body of work served to · strengthen policy, service management and practice in services for people with learning disabilities by drawing on Queer theory and a radical political discourse on sexuality, masculinity and homosexuality. The second section of my thesis focuses on adult protection and learning disability. I use qualitative data from an inquiry into the abuse of people with learning disabilities to construct a theoretical framework which articulates the characteristics of an abusive culture, strengthening our understanding of the aetiology of abuse in community settings. This is interpreted in the context of theory and practice, including recommendations for service commissioning and providing.
Similarity Join Queries: Techniques and Optimizations
Creators: name: Zanella, Simone
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2023

description: In this thesis we are going to propose efficient algorithms and data structures to handle similarity join queries over any number of constant relations in the dynamic setting with delay guarantees. We provide a lower bound complexity proof for the dynamic case, in which points are inserted and deleted after an initial preprocessing phase where all the needed data structures are created. We analyze special cases in which constraints allow us to efficiently answer a similarity join query exactly. Then, we design a grid-based approximation data structure for any dynamic similarity join query proving delay guarantees. A reduction to equi-joins is also provided. Finally an implementation of similarity join approximation algorithm with tests on different use cases is added at the end in appendices section.
An asymptotic preserving scheme for the relativistic Vlasov--Maxwell equations in the classical limit
Creators: name: Crouseilles, Nicolas
name: Einkemmer, Lukas
name: Faou, Erwan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the relativistic Vlasov--Maxwell (RVM) equations in the limit when the light velocity $c$ goes to infinity. In this regime, the RVM system converges towards the Vlasov--Poisson system and the aim of this paper is to construct asymptotic preserving numerical schemes that are robust with respect to this limit. Our approach relies on a time splitting approach for the RVM system employing an implicit time integrator for Maxwell's equations in order to damp the higher and higher frequencies present in the numerical solution. A number of numerical simulations are conducted in order to investigate the performances of our numerical scheme both in the relativistic as well as in the classical limit regime. In addition, we derive the dispersion relation of the Weibel instability for the continuous and the discretized problem.
A Roadmap to Interstellar Flight
Creators: name: Lubin, Philip
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Popular Physics (physics.pop-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the nearly 60 years of spaceflight we have accomplished wonderful feats of exploration that have shown the incredible spirit of the human drive to explore and understand our universe. Yet in those 60 years we have barely left our solar system with the Voyager 1 spacecraft launched in 1977 finally leaving the solar system after 37 years of flight at a speed of 17 km/s or less than 0.006% the speed of light. As remarkable as this is we will never reach even the nearest stars with our current propulsion technology in even 10 millennium. We have to radically rethink our strategy or give up our dreams of reaching the stars, or wait for technology that does not currently exist. While we all dream of human spaceflight to the stars in a way romanticized in books and movies, it is not within our power to do so, nor it is clear that this is the path we should choose. We posit a technological path forward, that while not simple, it is within our technological reach. We propose a roadmap to a program that will lead to sending relativistic probes to the nearest stars and will open up a vast array of possibilities of flight both within our solar system and far beyond. Spacecraft from gram level complete spacecraft on a wafer ("wafersats") that reach more than $1/4c$ and reach the nearest star in 20 years to spacecraft with masses more than $10^5$ kg (100 tons) that can reach speeds of greater than 1000 km/s. These systems can be propelled to speeds currently unimaginable with existing propulsion technologies. To do so requires a fundamental change in our thinking of both propulsion and in many cases what a spacecraft is. In addition to larger spacecraft, some capable of transporting humans, we consider functional spacecraft on a wafer, including integrated optical communications, imaging systems, photon thrusters, power and sensors combined with directed energy propulsion.
description: 60 pages, 30 figures. Submitted to JBIS April 2015
(Almost) C*-algebras as sheaves with self-action
Creators: name: Flori, Cecilia
name: Fritz, Tobias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Primary: 46L05, 46L60, Secondary: 18F20, 20A05

description: Via Gelfand duality, a unital C*-algebra $A$ induces a functor from compact Hausdorff spaces to sets, $\mathsf{CHaus}\to\mathsf{Set}$. We show how this functor encodes standard functional calculus in $A$ as well as its multivariate generalization. Certain sheaf conditions satisfied by this functor provide a further generalization of functional calculus. Considering such sheaves $\mathsf{CHaus}\to\mathsf{Set}$ abstractly, we prove that the piecewise C*-algebras of van den Berg and Heunen are equivalent to a full subcategory of the category of sheaves, where a simple additional constraint characterizes the objects in the subcategory. It is open whether this additional constraint holds automatically, in which case piecewise C*-algebras would be the same as sheaves $\mathsf{CHaus}\to\mathsf{Set}$. Intuitively, these structures capture the commutative aspects of C*-algebra theory. In order to find a complete reaxiomatization of unital C*-algebras within this language, we introduce almost C*-algebras as piecewise C*-algebras equipped with a notion of inner automorphisms in terms of a self-action. We provide some evidence for the conjecture that the forgetful functor from unital C*-algebras to almost C*-algebras is fully faithful, and ask whether it is an equivalence of categories. We also develop an analogous notion of almost group, and prove that the forgetful functor from groups to almost groups is not full. In terms of quantum physics, our work can be seen as an attempt at a reconstruction of quantum theory from physically meaningful axioms, as realized by Hardy and others in a different framework. Our ideas are inspired by and also provide new input for the topos-theoretic approach to quantum theory.
description: 36 pages, to appear in J. Noncomm. Geom. v4: added reference
Ozone effectiveness for inactivation of virus from healthcare environments: a scope review focusing on the decontamination to combat the COVID-19 pandemic
Creators: name: Paranhos, Luiz
name: Irie, Milena
name: de Souza, Gabriela
name: Dietrich, Lia
name: Moura, Camilla
name: Soares, Priscilla
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: COVID-19
subject: Disinfection
subject: Ozone
subject: SARS-CoV-2

description: This is a scoping review to provide information regarding the existing evidence for the ozone gas application aiming viral inactivation in the environmental conditions of the health care service.
Spectral properties and chiral symmetry violations of (staggered) domain wall fermions in the Schwinger model
Creators: name: Hoelbling, Christian
name: Zielinski, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We follow up on a suggestion by Adams and construct explicit domain wall fermion operators with staggered kernels. We compare different domain wall formulations, namely the standard construction as well as Borici's modified and Chiu's optimal construction, utilizing both Wilson and staggered kernels. In the process, we generalize the staggered kernels to arbitrary even dimensions and introduce both truncated and optimal staggered domain wall fermions. Some numerical investigations are carried out in the (1+1)-dimensional setting of the Schwinger model, where we explore spectral properties of the bulk, effective and overlap Dirac operators in the free-field case, on quenched thermalized gauge configurations and on smooth topological configurations. We compare different formulations using the effective mass, deviations from normality and violations of the Ginsparg-Wilson relation as measures of chirality.
description: 23 pages, 22 figures, 2 tables; major revision, matches published version
Holonomic Systems for Period Mappings
Creators: name: Chen, Jingyue
name: Huang, An
name: Lian, Bong H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Period mappings were introduced in the sixties [G] to study variation of complex structures of families of algebraic varieties. The theory of tautological systems was introduced recently [LSY,LY] to understand period integrals of algebraic manifolds. In this paper, we give an explicit construction of a tautological system for each component of a period mapping.
description: 15 pages
title: Σχέση μεταξύ διατροφής, παχυσαρκίας και ποιότητας ζωής στους ενήλικες. Συστηματική ανασκόπηση
title: Nutrition, obesity and quality of life among adults. Systematic review
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Καψάλη, Βιολέττα Μαρία
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Δυτικής Αττικής
Year: 2022
Subjects: Παχυσαρκία
Ποιότητα ζωής
Διατροφή
Συμπεριφορά

description: ΕΙΣΑΓΩΓΗ: Η παχυσαρκία αποτελεί ένα μείζον πρόβλημα δημόσιας υγείας παγκοσμίως με σοβαρές επιπτώσεις στη νοσηρότητα και στη θνησιμότητα του πληθυσμού. Η παχυσαρκία συσχετίζεται με την εμφάνιση προβλημάτων που αφορούν τόσο την σωματική όσο και την ψυχική υγεία των πασχόντων. ΣΚΟΠΟΣ της μελέτης είναι να διερευνηθεί η σχέση της διατροφής, της παχυσαρκίας και της ποιότητας ζωής ενήλικων ατόμων. Ειδικότερα, τίθεται το ερευνητικό ερώτημα του εάν η παχυσαρκία συσχετίζεται με την ποιότητα ζωής των ατόμων, σε ποιο βαθμό και κατά πόσο αυτή η επιρροή μπορεί να εξαρτάται από την διατροφή τους. ΥΛΙΚΟ ΚΑΙ ΜΕΘΟΔΟΣ: Η μεθοδολογία που ακολουθήθηκε για την απάντηση των παραπάνω ερευνητικών ερωτημάτων ήταν εκείνη της συστηματικής ανασκόπησης. Πιο συγκεκριμένα, μέσα από βάσεις επιστημονικών δεδομένων Pubmed, Cochrane library, Embase, Elsevier, Scopus, ΗealLink και Google Scholar αναζητήθηκαν με βάση τη μεθοδολογία PRISMA τα πλέον σχετικά με το θέμα δημοσιευμένα άρθρα από το 2010 έως σήμερα που μελέτησαν τη συσχέτιση της ποιότητας ζωής των παχύσαρκων ατόμων και τη διατροφή τους. ΑΠΟΤΕΛΕΣΜΑΤΑ: Μέσα από το σύνολο της βιβλιογραφίας που κρίθηκε ότι πληροί τα κριτήρια ένταξης στην παρούσα ανασκόπηση αναδεικνύεται ότι τα παχύσαρκα άτομα αντιμετωπίζουν σημαντικές εκπτώσεις στην ποιότητα ζωής τους ως αποτέλεσμα της παχυσαρκία, με τις μεγαλύτερες μειώσεις να συνδέονται με μεγαλύτερο βαθμό παχυσαρκία. Η απώλεια βάρους φαίνεται να βελτιώνει την ποιότητα ζωής των παχύσαρκων ατόμων που υποβάλλονται σε διάφορες θεραπείες, για την αντιμετώπιση χρόνιων νοσημάτων ή εκτάκτων περιστατικών που απαιτούν την νοσοκομειακή τους διαχείριση. Βρέθηκε μια σαφής συσχέτιση της βελτίωσης της ποιότητας της ζωής των ατόμων (που σχετίζεται με την φυσική και ψυχική υγεία αλλά και με την κοινωνική αποδοχή) με την υγιή και μεθοδευμένη απώλεια του περιττού βάρους. Συμπεράσματα: Κρίνεται απαραίτητη η εκπόνηση περισσότερων μελετών με εστίαση στο θέμα της διεπιστημονικής παρέμβασης (σε θέματα διατροφής, άσκησης, συμπεριφοράς για την πρόληψη της παχυσαρκίας) για την ενίσχυση της προσπάθειας των ατόμων να βελτιώσουν την ποιότητα ζωής τους μέσα από την απόκτηση και διατήρηση ενός φυσιολογικού δείκτη μάζας σώματος.
Cosmological models in Weyl geometrical scalar-tensor theory
Creators: name: Pucheu, M. L.
name: Alves-Junior, F. A. P.
name: Barreto, A. B.
name: Romero, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate cosmological models in a recently proposed geometrical theory of gravity, in which the scalar field appears as part of the space-time geometry. We extend the previous theory to include a scalar potential in the action. We solve the vacuum field equations for different choices of the scalar potential and give a detailed analysis of the solutions. We show that in some cases a cosmological scenario is found that seems to suggest the appearance of a geometric phase transition. We build a toy model, in which the accelerated expansion of the early universe is driven by pure geometry.
description: 16 pages, 19 figures
Cloze tasks in ASL
Creators: name: Yacovone, Anthony
name: Moore, Jessica
name: Tanner, Jessica
name: Kocab, Annemarie
name: Snedeker, Jesse
name: Davidson, Kathryn
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Linguistics
subject: FOS: Languages and literature
subject: Arts and Humanities
subject: Psycholinguistics and Neurolinguistics
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences

description: This project is looking at the predictability of a set of target words within a larger story context in American Sign Language.
Motion in an Asymmetric Double Well
Creators: name: Brizard, Alain J.
name: Westland, Melissa C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The problem of the motion of a particle in an asymmetric double well is solved explicitly in terms of the Weierstrass and Jacobi elliptic functions. While the solution of the orbital motion is expressed simply in terms of the Weierstrass elliptic function, the period of oscillation is more directly expressed in terms of periods of the Jacobi elliptic functions.
description: 12 pages, 10 figures; references added
Macroscopic Quantum Measurements of noncommuting observables
Creators: name: Barnea, Tomer Jack
name: Renou, Marc-Olivier
name: Fröwis, Florian
name: Gisin, Nicolas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Assuming a well-behaving quantum-to-classical transition, measuring large quantum systems should be highly informative with low measurement-induced disturbance, while the coupling between system and measurement apparatus is "fairly simple" and weak. Here, we show that this is indeed possible within the formalism of quantum mechanics. We discuss an example of estimating the collective magnetization of a spin ensemble by simultaneous measuring three orthogonal spin directions. For the task of estimating the direction of a spin-coherent state, we find that the average guessing fidelity and the system disturbance are nonmonotonic functions of the coupling strength. Strikingly, we discover an intermediate regime for the coupling strength where the guessing fidelity is quasi-optimal, while the measured state is almost not disturbed.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures. The first two authors contributed equally to this work. v3: new title; improved presentation; close to published version
Orderings and flexibility of some subgroups of $Homeo_+(\mathbb{R})$
Creators: name: Alonso, Juan
name: Brum, Joaquin
name: Rivas, Cristóbal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 06F15, 20F16

description: In this work we exhibit flexibility phenomena for some (countable) groups acting by order preserving homeomorphisms of the line. More precisely, we show that if a left orderable group admits an amalgam decomposition of the form $G=\mathbb{F}_n*_{\mathbb Z} \mathbb{F}_m$ where $n+m\geq 3$, then every faithful action of $G$ on the line by order preserving homeomorphisms can be approximated by another action (without global fixed points) that is not semi-conjugated to the initial action. We deduce that $\mathcal{LO}(G)$, the space of left orders of $G$, is a Cantor set. In the special case where $G=π_1(Σ)$ is the fundamental group of a closed hyperbolic surface, we found finer techniques of perturbation. For instance, we exhibit a single representation whose conjugacy class in dense in the space of representations. This entails that the space of representations without global fixed points of $π_1(Σ)$ into $Homeo_+(\mathbb R)$ is connected, and also that the natural conjugation action of $π_1(Σ)$ on $\mathcal{LO}(π_1(Σ))$ has a dense orbit.
description: 27 pages, theorem about amalgams added
The Propagation of de Broglie Waves in Rindler Space
Creators: name: Mitra, Soma
name: Chakrabarty, Somenath
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article we have studied the propagation of matter waves in Rindler space. We have also developed the formalism to obtained space dependent refractive index for de Broglie waves for the particle and shown the possibility of particle emission from the event horizon of classical black holes, when observed from a uniformly accelerated frame.
description: 8 pages REVTEX file, no figure
Advection of nematic liquid crystals by chaotic flow
Creators: name: O'Naraigh, Lennon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Consideration is given to the effects of inhomogeneous shear flow (both regular and chaotic) on nematic liquid crystals in a planar geometry. The Landau--de Gennes equation coupled to an externally-prescribed flow field is the basis for the study: this is solved numerically in a periodic spatial domain. The focus is on a limiting case where the advection is passive, such that variations in the liquid-crystal properties do not feed back into the equation for the fluid velocity. The main tool for analyzing the results (both with and without flow) is the identification of the fixed points of the dynamical equations without flow, which are relevant (to varying degrees) when flow is introduced. The fixed points are classified as stable/unstable and further as either uniaxial or biaxial. Accordingly, various models of passive shear flow are investigated, with the main focus being on the case where tumbling is absent from the model. In this scenario, not only must advection of the $Q$-tensor be considered, but also its co-rotation relative to the local vorticity field. Thus, only the biaxial fixed point survives as a solution of the $Q$-tensor dynamics under the imposition of a general flow field. For certain flows for which co-rotation effects can effectively be ignored along trajectories, both families of fixed points survive. In this scenario, the system exhibits coarsening arrest, whereby the liquid-crystal domains are `frozen in' to the flow structures and the growth in their size is thus limited. The outcome (biaxial final state or a mixture of both families of fixed points) can be understood in terms of the flow time- and length-scales that manifest themselves through the co-rotational derivative. Some consideration is also given to the specific case where tumbling is present; here, the flow has a strong effect on the liquid-crystal morphology.
description: 28 pages, 17 figures
Binary Black Hole Merger Rates Inferred from Luminosity Function of Ultra-Luminous X-ray Sources
Creators: name: Inoue, Yoshiyuki
name: Tanaka, Yasuyuki T.
name: Isobe, Naoki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Advanced Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (aLIGO) has detected direct signals of gravitational waves (GWs) from GW150914. The event was a merger of binary black holes whose masses are $36^{+5}_{-4}M_{\odot}$ and $29^{+4}_{-4}M_{\odot}$. Such binary systems are expected to be directly evolved from stellar binary systems or formed by dynamical interactions of black holes in dense stellar environments. Here we derive the binary black hole merger rate based on the nearby ultra-luminous X-ray source (ULX) luminosity function (LF) under the assumption that binary black holes evolve through X-ray emitting phases. We obtain the binary black hole merger rate as $5.8 ({t}_{\rm ULX}/{0.1 \ \rm Myr})^{-1} λ^{-0.6} \exp{(-0.30λ)} \ {\rm Gpc^{-3}\ yr^{-1}}$, where $t_{\rm ULX}$ is the typical duration of the ULX phase and $λ$ is the Eddington ratio in luminosity. This is coincident with the event rate inferred from the detection of GW150914 as well as the predictions based on binary population synthesis models. Although we are currently unable to constrain the Eddington ratio of ULXs in luminosity due to the uncertainties of our models and measured binary black hole merger event rates, further X-ray and GW data will allow us to narrow down the range of the Eddington ratios of ULXs. We also find the cumulative merger rate for the mass range of $5M_\odot\le M_{\rm BH}\le100M_\odot$ inferred from the ULX LF is consistent with that estimated by the aLIGO collaboration considering various astrophysical conditions such as the mass function of black holes.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Distributed Bayesian Learning with Stochastic Natural-gradient Expectation Propagation and the Posterior Server
Creators: name: Hasenclever, Leonard
name: Webb, Stefan
name: Lienart, Thibaut
name: Vollmer, Sebastian
name: Lakshminarayanan, Balaji
name: Blundell, Charles
name: Teh, Yee Whye
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper makes two contributions to Bayesian machine learning algorithms. Firstly, we propose stochastic natural gradient expectation propagation (SNEP), a novel alternative to expectation propagation (EP), a popular variational inference algorithm. SNEP is a black box variational algorithm, in that it does not require any simplifying assumptions on the distribution of interest, beyond the existence of some Monte Carlo sampler for estimating the moments of the EP tilted distributions. Further, as opposed to EP which has no guarantee of convergence, SNEP can be shown to be convergent, even when using Monte Carlo moment estimates. Secondly, we propose a novel architecture for distributed Bayesian learning which we call the posterior server. The posterior server allows scalable and robust Bayesian learning in cases where a data set is stored in a distributed manner across a cluster, with each compute node containing a disjoint subset of data. An independent Monte Carlo sampler is run on each compute node, with direct access only to the local data subset, but which targets an approximation to the global posterior distribution given all data across the whole cluster. This is achieved by using a distributed asynchronous implementation of SNEP to pass messages across the cluster. We demonstrate SNEP and the posterior server on distributed Bayesian learning of logistic regression and neural networks. Keywords: Distributed Learning, Large Scale Learning, Deep Learning, Bayesian Learn- ing, Variational Inference, Expectation Propagation, Stochastic Approximation, Natural Gradient, Markov chain Monte Carlo, Parameter Server, Posterior Server.
description: 37 pages, 7 figures
Dual gauge field theory of quantum liquid crystals in two dimensions
Creators: name: Beekman, Aron J.
name: Nissinen, Jaakko
name: Wu, Kai
name: Liu, Ke
name: Slager, Robert-Jan
name: Nussinov, Zohar
name: Cvetkovic, Vladimir
name: Zaanen, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a self-contained review of the theory of dislocation-mediated quantum melting at zero temperature in two spatial dimensions. The theory describes the liquid-crystalline phases with spatial symmetries in between a quantum crystalline solid and an isotropic superfluid: quantum nematics and smectics. It is based on an Abelian-Higgs-type duality mapping of phonons onto gauge bosons ("stress photons"), which encode for the capacity of the crystal to propagate stresses. Dislocations and disclinations, the topological defects of the crystal, are sources for the gauge fields and the melting of the crystal can be understood as the proliferation (condensation) of these defects, giving rise to the Anderson-Higgs mechanism on the dual side. For the liquid crystal phases, the shear sector of the gauge bosons becomes massive signaling that shear rigidity is lost. Resting on symmetry principles, we derive the phenomenological imaginary time actions of quantum nematics and smectics and analyze the full spectrum of collective modes. The quantum nematic is a superfluid having a true rotational Goldstone mode due to rotational symmetry breaking, and the origin of this 'deconfined' mode is traced back to the crystalline phase. The two-dimensional quantum smectic turns out to be a dizzyingly anisotropic phase with the collective modes interpolating between the solid and nematic in a non-trivial way. We also consider electrically charged bosonic crystals and liquid crystals, and carefully analyze the electromagnetic response of the quantum liquid crystal phases. In particular, the quantum nematic is a real superconductor and shows the Meissner effect. Their special properties inherited from spatial symmetry breaking show up mostly at finite momentum, and should be accessible by momentum-sensitive spectroscopy.
description: Review article, 137 pages, 32 figures. Accepted version