cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Spherically Symmetric Gravitational Collapse of a Clump of Solids in a Gas
Creators: name: Shariff, Karim
name: Cuzzi, Jeffrey N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Several mechanisms have been identified that create dense particle clumps in the solar nebula. The present work is concerned with the gravitational collapse of such clumps, idealized as being spherically symmetric. Calculations using the two-fluid model are performed (almost) up to the time when a central density singularity forms. The end result of the study is a parametrization for this time, in order that it may be compared with timescales for various disruptive effects to which clumps may be subject. An important effect is that as the clump compresses, it also compresses the gas due to drag. This increases gas pressure which retards particle collapse and leads to oscillation in the size and density of the clump. The ratio of gravitational force to gas pressure gives a two-phase Jeans parameter, $J_t$, which is the classical Jeans parameter with the sound speed replaced by an the wave speed in a coupled two-fluid medium. Its use makes the results insensitive to the initial density ratio of particles to gas as a separate parameter. An ordinary differential equation model is developed which takes the form of two coupled non-linear oscillators and reproduces key features of the simulations. Finally, a parametric study of the time to collapse is performed and a formula (fit to the simulations) is developed. In the incompressible limit $J_t \to 0$, collapse time equals sedimentation time. As $J_t$ increases, the collapse time decreases roughly linearly with $J_t$ until $J_t \gtrsim 0.4$ when it becomes approximately equal to the dynamical time.
Chiral surface spin textures in Cu$_2$OSeO$_3$ unveiled by soft x-ray scattering in specular reflection geometry
Creators: name: Ukleev, V.
name: Luo, C.
name: Abrudan, R.
name: Aqeel, A.
name: Back, C. H.
name: Radu, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Resonant elastic soft x-ray magnetic scattering (XRMS) is a powerful tool to explore long-periodic spin textures in single crystals. However, due to the limited momentum transfer range imposed by long wavelengths of photons in the soft x-ray region, Bragg diffraction is restricted to crystals with the large lattice parameters. Alternatively, small angle x-ray scattering has been involved in the soft energy x-ray range which, however, brings in difficulties with the sample preparation that involves focused ion beam milling to thin down the crystal to below a few hundred nm thickness. We show how to circumvent these restrictions by using XRMS in specular reflection from a sub-nanometer smooth crystal surface. The method allows observing diffraction peaks from the helical and conical spin modulations at the surface of a Cu$_2$OSeO$_3$ single crystal and probing their corresponding chirality as contributions to the dichroic scattered intensity. The results suggest a promising way to carry out XRMS studies on plethora of noncentrosymmetric systems hitherto unexplored with soft x-rays due to the absence of the commensurate Bragg peaks in the available momentum transfer range.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures
Condensation for non-relativistic matter in Hořava-Lifshitz gravity
Creators: name: Jing, Jiliang
name: Chen, Songbai
name: Pan, Qiyuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study condensation for non-relativistic matter in a Hořava-Lifshitz black hole without the condition of the detailed balance. We show that, for the fixed non-relativistic parameter $α_2$ (or the detailed balance parameter $ε$), it is easier for the scalar hair to form as the parameter $ε$ (or $α_2$) becomes larger, but the condensation is not affected by the non-relativistic parameter $β_2$. We also find that the ratio of the gap frequency in conductivity to the critical temperature decreases with the increase of $ε$ and $α_2$, but increases with the increase of $β_2$. The ratio can reduce to the Horowitz-Roberts relation $ω_g/T_c\approx 8$ obtained in the Einstein gravity and Cai's result $ω_g/T_c\approx 13$ found in a Hořava-Lifshitz gravity with the condition of the detailed balance for the relativistic matter. Especially, we note that the ratio can arrive at the value of the BCS theory $ω_g/T_c\approx 3.5$ by taking proper values of $ε$, $α_2$, $β_2$ and $m$.
description: 16 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1001.1472; and text overlap with arXiv:0911.4867 by other authors
A short proof of the phase transition for the vacant set of random interlacements
Creators: name: Rath, Balazs
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60K35, 82B43

description: The vacant set of random interlacements at level $u>0$, introduced in arXiv:0704.2560, is a percolation model on $\mathbb{Z}^d$, $d \geq 3$ which arises as the set of sites avoided by a Poissonian cloud of doubly infinite trajectories, where $u$ is a parameter controlling the density of the cloud. It was proved in arXiv:0704.2560 and arXiv:0808.3344 that for any $d \geq 3$ there exists a positive and finite threshold $u_*$ such that if $uu_*$ then the vacant set does not percolate. We give an elementary proof of these facts. Our method also gives simple upper and lower bounds on the value of $u_*$ for any $d \geq 3$.
description: 11 pages, 1 figure; Title of paper changed
Disentanglement, disorder lines, and Majorana edge states in a solvable quantum chain
Creators: name: Chitov, Gennady Y.
name: Gadge, Karun
name: Timonin, P. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the exactly solvable 1D model: the dimerized $XY$ chain with uniform and staggered transverse fields, equivalent upon fermionization to the noninteracting dimerized Kitaev-Majorana chain with modulation. The model has three known gapped phases with local and nonlocal (string) orders, along with the gapless incommensurate (IC) phase in the $U(1)$ limit. The criticality is controlled by the properties of zeros of model's partition function, analytically continued onto the complex wave numbers. In the ground state they become complex zeros of the spectrum of the Hamiltonian. The analysis of those roots yields the phase diagram which contains continuous quantum phase transitions and weaker singularities known as disorder lines (DLs) or modulation transitions. The latter, reported for the first time in this model, are shown to occur in two types: DLs of the first kind with continuous appearance of the IC oscillations, and DLs of the second kind corresponding to a jump of the wave number of oscillations. The salient property of zeros of the spectrum is that the ground state is shown to be separable (factorized) and the model is disentangled on a subset of the DLs. From analysis of those zeros we also find the Majorana edge states and their wave functions.
description: 15 pages, 13 figures; V.2 - minor corrections, version to be published
Real-time hard-thermal-loop gluon self-energy in a semiquark-gluon plasma
Creators: name: Wang, Yubiao
name: Du, Qianqian
name: Guo, Yun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the real time formalism of the finite-temperature field theory, we compute the one-loop gluon self-energy in a semi-quark-gluon plasma (QGP) where a background filed ${\cal Q}$ has been introduced for the vector potential, leading to a non-trivial expectation value for the Polyakov loop in the deconfined phase. Explicit results of the gluon self-energies up to the next-to-leading order in the hard-thermal-loop approximation are obtained. We find that for the retarded/advanced gluon self-energy, the corresponding contributions at next-to-leading order are formally analogous to the well-known result at ${\cal Q}=0$ where the background field modification on the Debye mass is entirely encoded in the second Bernoulli polynomials. The same feature is shared by the leading order contributions in the symmetric gluon self-energy where the background field modification becomes more complicated, including both trigonometric functions and the Bernoulli polynomials. These contributions are non-vanishing and reproduce the correct limit as ${\cal Q} \rightarrow 0$. In addition, the leading order contributions to the retarded/advanced gluon self-energy and the next-to-leading order contributions to the symmetric gluon self-energy are completely new as they only survive at ${\cal Q}\neq0$. Given the above results, we explicitly verify that the Kubo-Martin-Schwinger condition can be satisfied in a semi-QGP with non-zero background field.
description: final version published in PRD
Dispersive Estimates for higher dimensional Schrödinger Operators with threshold eigenvalues I: The odd dimensional case
Creators: name: Goldberg, Michael
name: Green, William R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We investigate $L^1(\mathbb R^n)\to L^\infty(\mathbb R^n)$ dispersive estimates for the Schrödinger operator $H=-Δ+V$ when there is an eigenvalue at zero energy and $n\geq 5$ is odd. In particular, we show that if there is an eigenvalue at zero energy then there is a time dependent, rank one operator $F_t$ satisfying $\|F_t\|_{L^1\to L^\infty} \lesssim |t|^{2-\frac{n}{2}}$ for $|t|>1$ such that $$\|e^{itH}P_{ac}-F_t\|_{L^1\to L^\infty} \lesssim |t|^{1-\frac{n}{2}},\qquad\textrm{ for } |t|>1.$$ With stronger decay conditions on the potential it is possible to generate an operator-valued expansion for the evolution, taking the form $$ e^{itH} P_{ac}(H)=|t|^{2-\frac{n}{2}}A_{-2}+ |t|^{1-\frac{n}{2}} A_{-1}+|t|^{-\frac{n}{2}}A_0, $$ with $A_{-2}$ and $A_{-1}$ finite rank operators mapping $L^1(\mathbb R^n)$ to $L^\infty(\mathbb R^n)$ while $A_0$ maps weighted $L^1$ spaces to weighted $L^\infty$ spaces. The leading order terms $A_{-2}$ and $A_{-1}$ vanish when certain orthogonality conditions between the potential $V$ and the zero energy eigenfunctions are satisfied. We show that under the same orthogonality conditions, the remaining $|t|^{-\frac{n}{2}}A_0$ term also exists as a map from $L^1(\mathbb R^n)$ to $L^\infty(\mathbb R^n)$, hence $e^{itH}P_{ac}(H)$ satisfies the same dispersive bounds as the free evolution despite the eigenvalue at zero.
description: To appear in J. Funct. Anal
title: Weltenentwürfe im zeitgenössischen Science Fiction-Film
Creators: name: Haunschmid, Alexandra
Year: 2022

description: Die Arbeit vergleicht die drei zeitgenössischen Science-Fiction-Filme Arrival (2016), Interstellar (2014) und Passengers (2016). Die Filmanalyse fragt zuvorderst danach, wie die filmischen Welten beschaffen sind, die in den jeweiligen Filmen entworfen werden. Ausgangspunkt sind die Zusammenhänge zwischen Science Fiction, Gegenwart und Zukunftsvorstellungen, wie sie von Filmwissenschaft und Kulturtheorie beschrieben werden. Der Begriff von Welt, der zur Anwendung kommt, orientiert sich an Lotmans Grenze und Wulffs Modell diegetischer Teilschichten. Die Auseinandersetzung mit Literatur zum Genre erarbeitet das Novum als zentrales Charakteristikum der Science Fiction. Der Gesichtspunkt, unter dem die Welten verglichen werden, verschiebt sich vom ersten zum zweiten Analysekapitel von der Position des Novums in Relation zu Welt und Figur hin zu außerfilmischen Fragestellungen, die in den Filmen als globale Konflikte aufgegriffen werden. Entworfene Welten präsentieren sich in verschiedene Bereiche geordnet und orientieren sich an der Perspektive der Figur. Abschließend wendet sich die Arbeit den Zukunftsaussichten der Figuren zu. Es wird deutlich, dass wunderbar anmutende Erzählungen oft normative und konservative Positionen transportieren.
description: This master’s thesis compares three contemporary Science Fiction films: Arrival (2016), Interstellar (2014) and Passengers (2016). Based on the relationship between Science Fiction, the present and concepts of the future, as it is described by cultural and film studies, the analysis concentrates on the films’ worlds and world building. The adopted interpretation of world is informed by Lotman’s concept of borders and Wulff’s model of diegetic sublayers. A discussion of literature about the genre defines the novum as a central characteristic of Science Fiction and its worlds. The focus of analysis shifts from the position of the novum in relation to the world and the characters in the first chapter to the representation of real-world issues as global conflicts within the films in the second chapter. Finally, the characters’ future prospects are examined. It becomes apparent that even miraculous stories can epitomize the conservative and the normative.
多菌群输卵管基因组组装与注释
Creators: name: Zhao, Yujiao
name: Yin, Minzhen
name: Chu, Shanshan
name: Zhang, Zhongren
name: Yang, Zhengyang
name: Zha, Liangping
name: Peng, Huasheng
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 310509
subject: Genomics

description: 多菌群输卵管基因组组装与注释
Semisimple coadjoint orbits and cotangent bundles
Creators: name: Torres, David Martínez
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Semisimple (co)adjoint orbits through real hyperbolic elements are well-known to be symplectomorphic to cotangent bundles. We provide a new proof of this fact based on elementary results on both Lie theory and symplectic geometry. Our proof establishes a new connection between the Iwasawa horospherical projection and the symplectic geometry of real hyperbolic (co)adjoint orbits.
description: Abstract and introduction expanded. Bibliography updated. Journal reference added
Hamilton-Dirac systems for charged particles in gauge fields
Creators: name: Jimenez, Fernando
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this work, we use the Sternberg phase space (which may be considered as the classical phase space of particles in gauge fields) in order to explore the dynamics of such particles in the context of Hamilton-Dirac systems and their associated Hamilton-Pontryagin variational principles. For this, we develop an analogue of the Pontryagin bundle in the case of the Sternberg phase space. Moreover, we show the link of this new bundle to the so-called magnetized Tulczyjew triple, which is an analogue of the link between the Pontryagin bundle and the usual Tulczyjew triple. Taking advantage of the symplectic nature of the Sternberg space, we induce a Dirac structure on the Sternberg-Pontryagin bundle which leads to the Hamilton-Dirac structure that we are looking for. We also analyze the intrinsic and variational nature of the equations of motion of particles in gauge fields in regards of the defined new geometry. Lastly, we illustrate our theory through the case of a $U(1)$ gauge group, leading to the paradigmatic example of an electrically charged particle in an electromagnetic field.
description: Comments are welcome!
High finesse bow-tie cavity for strong atom-photon coupling in Rydberg arrays
Creators: name: Chen, Yu-Ting
name: Szurek, Michal
name: Hu, Beili
name: de Hond, Julius
name: Braverman, Boris
name: Vuletic, Vladan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a high-finesse bow-tie cavity designed for atomic physics experiments with Rydberg atom arrays. The cavity has a finesse of $51,000$ and a waist of $7.1$ $μ$m at the cesium D2 line ($852$ nm). With these parameters, the cavity is expected to induce strong coupling between a single atom and a single photon, corresponding to a cooperativity per traveling mode of $35$ at the cavity waist. To trap and image atoms, the cavity setup utilizes two in-vacuum aspheric lenses with numerical aperture ($NA$) of $0.35$ and is capable of housing $NA=0.5$ microscope objectives. In addition, the large atom-mirror distance ($\gtrsim1.5$ cm) provides good optical access and minimizes stray electric fields at the position of the atoms. This cavity setup can operate in tandem with the Rydberg array platform, creating a fully connected system for quantum simulation and computation.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures
Invitation to Integral and Rational points on curves and surfaces
Creators: name: Das, Pranabesh
name: Turchet, Amos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14G05, 11D45

description: This survey article is an introduction to Diophantine Geometry at a basic undergraduate level. It focuses on Diophantine Equations and the qualitative description of their solutions rather than detailed proofs.
description: Second version - including referee suggested modifications (pictures missing). Comments are welcome!
Amplitude Scintillation Forecasting Using Bagged Trees
Creators: name: Darya, Abdollah Masoud
name: Al-Owais, Aisha Abdulla
name: Shaikh, Muhammad Mubasshir
name: Fernini, Ilias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electron density irregularities present within the ionosphere induce significant fluctuations in global navigation satellite system (GNSS) signals. Fluctuations in signal power are referred to as amplitude scintillation and can be monitored through the S4 index. Forecasting the severity of amplitude scintillation based on historical S4 index data is beneficial when real-time data is unavailable. In this work, we study the possibility of using historical data from a single GPS scintillation monitoring receiver to train a machine learning (ML) model to forecast the severity of amplitude scintillation, either weak, moderate, or severe, with respect to temporal and spatial parameters. Six different ML models were evaluated and the bagged trees model was the most accurate among them, achieving a forecasting accuracy of $81\%$ using a balanced dataset, and $97\%$ using an imbalanced dataset.
description: This paper was presented at IGARSS 2022, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. doi: 10.1109/IGARSS46834.2022.9883380
Universality classes of the Anderson transitions driven by quasiperiodic potential in the three-dimensional Wigner-Dyson symmetry classes
Creators: name: Luo, Xunlong
name: Ohtsuki, Tomi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quasiperiodic system is an intermediate state between periodic and disordered systems with unique delocalization-localization transition driven by the quasiperiodic potential (QP). One of the intriguing questions is whether the universality class of the Anderson transition (AT) driven by QP is similar to that of the AT driven by the random potential in the same symmetry class. Here, we study the critical behavior of the ATs driven by QP in the three-dimensional (3D) Anderson model, Peierls phase model, and Ando model, which belong to the Wigner-Dyson symmetry classes. The localization length and two-terminal conductance have been calculated by the transfer matrix method, and we argue that their error estimations in statistics suffer from the correlation of QP. With the correlation under control, the critical exponents $ν$ of the ATs driven by QP are estimated by the finite size scaling analysis of conductance, which are consistent with $ν$'s of the ATs driven by the random potential. Moreover, the critical conductance distribution and the level spacing ratio distribution have been studied. We also find that a convolutional neural network trained by the localized/delocalized wavefunctions in a disordered system predicts the localized/delocalized wavefunctions in quasiperiodic systems. Our numerical results strongly support that the universality classes of the ATs driven by QP and random potential are similar in the 3D Wigner-Dyson symmetry classes.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures, 1 table
ON THE PHENOMENON OF "PROFESSIONAL WILDING" / О ФЕНОМЕНЕ «ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНОГО ОДИЧАНИЯ»
Creators: name: Simashenkov, Pavel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 390201
subject: Education policy
classificationCode: 390203
subject: Sociology of education
classificationCode: 390305
subject: Professional education and training
classificationCode: 390308
subject: Technical, further and workplace education
classificationCode: 470102
subject: Communication technology and digital media studies
classificationCode: 350503
subject: Human resources management
classificationCode: 350705
subject: Innovation management

description: The article reveals the concept of "wild knowledge" in the context of practice-oriented approach to training. Comparing the current trends in HR-management, the author criticizes the total digitalization and fascination with educational technologies, which, in his opinion, can discredit professionalism as a social value. Preventing professional wilding requires a set of thoughtful and consistent measures at the level of public policy, primarily in the field of education and labor relations. The author believes that this is the only way to restore people's awareness of the meaning of life and, ultimately, social optimism, without which it is pointless to make plans and devote one's life to one's profession.В статье раскрывается понятие "дикого знания" в контексте практико-ориентированного подхода к подготовке кадров. Сопоставляя актуальные тренды HR-менеджмента, автор подвергает критике тотальную цифровизацию и увлечение образовательными технологиями, способные, по его мнению, дискредитировать профессионализм как социальную ценность. Предотвращение профессионального одичания требует комплекса продуманных и последовательных мер на уровне государственной политики, первостепенно — в области образования и трудовых отношений. Автор полагает, что только так можно вернуть людям и осознание смысла жизни, а в конечном счёте — социальный оптимизм, без которого бессмысленно строить планы и посвящать жизнь профессии.
Dispersive Estimates for higher dimensional Schrödinger Operators with threshold eigenvalues II: The even dimensional case
Creators: name: Goldberg, Michael
name: Green, William R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We investigate $L^1(\mathbb R^n)\to L^\infty(\mathbb R^n)$ dispersive estimates for the Schrödinger operator $H=-Δ+V$ when there is an eigenvalue at zero energy in even dimensions $n\geq 6$. In particular, we show that if there is an eigenvalue at zero energy then there is a time dependent, rank one operator $F_t$ satisfying $\|F_t\|_{L^1\to L^\infty} \lesssim |t|^{2-\frac{n}{2}}$ for $|t|>1$ such that $$\|e^{itH}P_{ac}-F_t\|_{L^1\to L^\infty} \lesssim |t|^{1-\frac{n}{2}},\,\,\,\,\,\text{ for } |t|>1.$$ With stronger decay conditions on the potential it is possible to generate an operator-valued expansion for the evolution, taking the form \begin{align*} e^{itH} P_{ac}(H)=|t|^{2-\frac{n}{2}}A_{-2}+ |t|^{1-\frac{n}{2}} A_{-1}+|t|^{-\frac{n}{2}}A_0, \end{align*} with $A_{-2}$ and $A_{-1}$ mapping $L^1(\mathbb R^n)$ to $L^\infty(\mathbb R^n)$ while $A_0$ maps weighted $L^1$ spaces to weighted $L^\infty$ spaces. The leading-order terms $A_{-2}$ and $A_{-1}$ are both finite rank, and vanish when certain orthogonality conditions between the potential $V$ and the zero energy eigenfunctions are satisfied. We show that under the same orthogonality conditions, the remaining $|t|^{-\frac{n}{2}}A_0$ term also exists as a map from $L^1(\mathbb R^n)$ to $L^\infty(\mathbb R^n)$, hence $e^{itH}P_{ac}(H)$ satisfies the same dispersive bounds as the free evolution despite the eigenvalue at zero.
description: This article continues the work of "Dispersive Estimates for higher dimensional Schr\"odinger Operators with threshold eigenvalues I: The odd dimensional case" by the authors to the case of even dimensions. To appear in J. Spectr. Theory
Sensitivity of alkali halide scintillating calorimeters with particle identification to investigate the DAMA dark matter detection claim
Creators: name: Nadeau, Patrick
name: Clark, Michael
name: Di Stefano, P. C. F.
name: Lanfranchi, J. -C.
name: Roth, S.
name: von Sivers, M.
name: Yavin, Itay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Scintillating calorimeters are cryogenic detectors combining a measurement of scintillation with one of phonons to provide particle identification. In view of developing alkali halide devices of this type able to check the DAMA/LIBRA claim for the observation of dark matter, we have simulated detector performances to determine their sensitivity by two methods with little model-dependence. We conclude that if performance of the phonon channel can be brought in line with those of other materials, an exposure of 10 kg-days would suffice to check the DAMA/LIBRA claim in standard astrophysical scenarios. Additionally, a fairly modest array of 5 kg with background rejection would be able to directly check the DAMA/LIBRA modulation result in 2 years.
description: 22 pages, 6 figures
The first string-derived eclectic flavor model with realistic phenomenology
Creators: name: Baur, Alexander
name: Nilles, Hans Peter
name: Ramos-Sanchez, Saul
name: Trautner, Andreas
name: Vaudrevange, Patrick K. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Eclectic flavor groups arising from string compactifications combine the power of modular and traditional flavor symmetries to address the flavor puzzle. This top-down scheme determines the representations and modular weights of all matter fields, imposing strict constraints on the structure of the effective potential, which result in controlled corrections. We study the lepton and quark flavor phenomenology of an explicit, potentially realistic example model based on a T6/Z3xZ3 orbifold compactification of the heterotic string that gives rise to an Omega(2) eclectic flavor symmetry. We find that the interplay of flavon alignment and the localization of the modulus in the vicinity of a symmetry-enhanced point leads to naturally protected fermion mass hierarchies, favoring normal-ordered neutrino masses arising from a see-saw mechanism. We show that our model can reproduce all observables in the lepton sector with a small number of parameters and deliver predictions for so far undetermined neutrino observables. Furthermore, we extend the fit to quarks and find that Kaehler corrections are instrumental in obtaining a successful simultaneous fit to the quark and lepton sectors.
description: 28 pages + appendices, 7 figures, 7 tables; v2: references added, discussion extended, typos in app. C corrected, results unchanged, matches JHEP version
On the last question of Stefan Banach
Creators: name: Zusmanovich, Pasha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: History and Overview (math.HO)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 01A60, 01A70, 01A72, 08A02, 20M99

description: We discuss the last question of Banach, posed by him in 1944, shortly before his death, about extension of a ternary map to superposition of a binary map. We try to put things into the context of Polish mathematics of that time, and touch upon subsequent developments in such diverse areas as multivalued logics, binary and ternary semigroups, theory of clones, and Hilbert's 13th problem. Making almost a full circle in time, we show how variants of Banach's question may be settled using a 1949 idea of Jacobson about envelopes of Lie triple systems.
description: v6: a minor fix in a reference
Structure of $^{128,129,130}$Xe through multi-reference energy density functional calculations
Creators: name: Bally, Benjamin
name: Giacalone, Giuliano
name: Bender, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, values for the Kumar quadrupole deformation parameters of the nucleus $^{130}$Xe have been computed from the results of a Coulomb excitation experiment, indicating that this xenon isotope has a prominent triaxial ground state. Within a different context, it was recently argued that the analysis of particle correlations in the final states of ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions performed at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) points to a similar structure for the adjacent isotope, $^{129}$Xe. In the present work, we report on state-of-the-art multi-reference energy density functional calculations that combine projection on proton and neutron number as well as angular momentum with shape mixing for the three isotopes $^{128,129,130}$Xe using the Skyrme-type pseudo-potential SLyMR1. Exploring the triaxial degree of freedom, we demonstrate that the ground states of all three isotopes display a very pronounced triaxial structure. Moreover, comparison with experimental results shows that the calculations reproduce fairly well the low-energy excitation spectrum of the two even-mass isotopes. By contrast, the calculation of $^{129}$Xe reveals some deficiencies of the effective interaction.
description: 26 pages, 17 figures
Direct constraints on diffusion models from cosmic-ray positron data: Excluding the Minimal model for dark matter searches
Creators: name: Lavalle, Julien
name: Maurin, David
name: Putze, Antje
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Galactic Cosmic-ray (CR) transport parameters are usually constrained by the boron-to-carbon ratio. This procedure is generically plagued with degeneracies between the diffusion coefficient and the vertical extent of the Galactic magnetic halo. The latter is of paramount importance for indirect dark matter (DM) searches, because it fixes the amount of DM annihilation or decay that contributes to the local antimatter CR flux. These degeneracies could be broken by using secondary radioactive species, but the current data still have large error bars, and this method is extremely sensitive to the very local interstellar medium (ISM) properties. Here, we propose to use the low-energy CR positrons in the GeV range as another direct constraint on diffusion models. We show that the PAMELA data disfavor small diffusion halo ($L\lesssim 3$ kpc) and large diffusion slope models, and exclude the minimal ({\em min}) configuration (Maurin et al. 2001, Donato et al. 2004) widely used in the literature to bracket the uncertainties in the DM signal predictions. This is complementary to indirect constraints (diffuse radio and gamma-ray emissions) and has strong impact on DM searches. Indeed this makes the antiproton constraints more robust while enhancing the discovery/exclusion potential of current and future experiments, like AMS-02 and GAPS, especially in the antiproton and antideuteron channels.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures. V2: minor changes to match to the published version; misprints in Eqs.(4) fixed
Quantum state tomography of orbital angular momentum photonics qubits via a projection-based technique
Creators: name: Nicolas, Adrien
name: Veissier, Lucile
name: Giacobino, Elisabeth
name: Maxein, Dominik
name: Laurat, Julien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: While measuring the orbital angular momentum state of bright light beams can be performed using imaging techniques, a full characterization at the single-photon level is challenging. For applications to quantum optics and quantum information science, such characterization is an essential capability. Here, we present a setup to perform the quantum state tomography of photonic qubits encoded in this degree of freedom. The method is based on a projective technique using spatial mode projection via fork holograms and single-mode fibers inserted into an interferometer. The alignment and calibration of the device is detailed as well as the measurement sequence to reconstruct the associated density matrix. Possible extensions to higher-dimensional spaces are discussed.
Experimental Investigation of Absorber Design on the Performance of a Solar Tracking Distillation SystemUntitled ItExperimental investigation of Absorber design on the performance of a solar tracking distillation systememExperimental Investigation of Absorber Design on the Performance of a Solar Tracking Distillation System
Creators: name: FADIEL, Ali F Ali
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 401703
subject: Energy generation, conversion and storage (excl. chemical and electrical)

description: The problem of water scarcity, especially in North Africa and Libya, has been reviewed. A distillation apparatus has been proposed that uses solar energy sources of unlimited energy. It should be noted that most countries in North Africa to a relatively favourable area between 35° north latitude and 37° south latitude. Because of this, they can rely on sunlight as an unwavering source of fresh water. The setup used in the experiment uses a solar parabolic concentrator, which collects solar radiation and concentrates it on the evaporator.
Constraints on nanomaterial structure from experiment and theory: Reconciling partial representations
Creators: name: Mlinar, Vladan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To facilitate the design and optimization of nanomaterials for a given application it is necessary to understand the relationship between structure and physical properties. For large nanomaterials, there is imprecise structural information so the full structure is only resolved at the level of partial representations. Here we show how to reconcile partial structural representations using constraints from structural characterization measurements and theory to maximally exploit the limited amount of data available from experiment. We determine a range of parameter space where predictive theory can be used to design and optimize the structure. Using an example of variation of chemical composition profile across the interface of two nanomaterials, we demonstrate how, given experimental and theoretical constraints, to find a region of structure-parameter space within which computationally explored partial representations of the full structure will have observable real-world counterparts.
Untitled ItExperimental investigation of Absorber design on the performance of a solar tracking distillation systemem
Creators: name: FADIEL, Ali F Ali
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 401703
subject: Energy generation, conversion and storage (excl. chemical and electrical)

description: The problem of water scarcity, especially in North Africa and Libya, has been reviewed. A distillation apparatus has been proposed that uses solar energy sources of unlimited energy. It should be noted that most countries in North Africa to a relatively favourable area between 35° north latitude and 37° south latitude. Because of this, they can rely on sunlight as an unwavering source of fresh water. The setup used in the experiment uses a solar parabolic concentrator, which collects solar radiation and concentrates it on the evaporator.
Partial Fourier--Mukai transform for integrable systems with applications to Hitchin fibration
Creators: name: Arinkin, Dima
name: Fedorov, Roman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let X be an abelian scheme over a scheme B. The Fourier--Mukai transform gives an equivalence between the derived category of X and the derived category of the dual abelian scheme. We partially extend this to certain schemes X over B (which we call degenerate abelian schemes) whose generic fiber is an abelian variety, while special fibers are singular. Our main result provides a fully faithful functor from a twist of the derived category of Pic$^τ$(X/B) to the derived category of X. Here Pic$^τ$(X/B) is the algebraic space classifying fiberwise numerically trivial line bundles. Next, we show that every algebraically integrable system gives rise to a degenerate abelian scheme and discuss applications to Hitchin systems.
description: 37 pages; minor corrections and improvements
Models of modified-inertia formulation of MOND
Creators: name: Milgrom, Mordehai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Models of "modified-inertia" formulation of MOND are described and applied to nonrelativistic many-body systems. They involve time-nonlocal equations of motion. Momentum, angular momentum, and energy are (nonlocally) defined, whose total values are conserved for isolated systems. The models make all the salient MOND predictions. Yet, they differ from existing "modified-gravity" formulations in some second-tier predictions. The models describe correctly the motion of a composite body in a low-acceleration field even when the internal accelerations of its constituents are high. They exhibit a MOND external field effect (EFE) that shows some important differences from what we have come to expect from modified-gravity versions: In one, simple example of the models, what determines the EFE, in the case of a dominant external field, is $μ(θ\langle a_{ex}\rangle/a_0)$, where $μ(x)$ is the MOND `interpolating function' that describes rotation curves, compared with $μ(a_{ex}/a_0)$ for presently-known modified-gravity formulations. The two main differences are that while $a_{ex}$ is the momentary value of the external acceleration, $\langle a_{ex}\rangle$ is a certain time average of it, and that $θ>1$ is an extra factor that depends on the frequency ratio of the external- and internal-field variations. Only ratios of frequencies enter, and $a_0$ remains the only new dimensioned constant. For a system on a circular orbit in a galaxy (such as the vertical dynamics in a disc galaxy), the first difference disappears, since $\langle a_{ex}\rangle=a_{ex}$. But the $θ$ factor can appreciably enhance the EFE in quenching MOND effects, over what is deduced in modified gravity. Some exact solutions are also described, such as for rotation curves, for an harmonic force, and the general, two-body problem, which in the deep-MOND regime reduces to a single-body problem.
description: 14 pages. Version matching the published one. Added a discussion of the initial-value problem, of some uniqueness issues, and of solution by iterations. Added some references
Results on low mass WIMPs using an upgraded CRESST-II detector
Creators: name: CRESST Collaboration
name: Angloher, G.
name: Bento, A.
name: Bucci, C.
name: Canonica, L.
name: Erb, A.
name: Feilitzsch, F. v.
name: Iachellini, N. Ferreiro
name: Gorla, P.
name: Gütlein, A.
name: Hauff, D.
name: Huff, P.
name: Jochum, J.
name: Kiefer, M.
name: Kister, C.
name: Kluck, H.
name: Kraus, H.
name: Lanfranchi, J. -C.
name: Loebell, J.
name: Münster, A.
name: Petricca, F.
name: Potzel, W.
name: Pröbst, F.
name: Reindl, F.
name: Roth, S.
name: Rottler, K.
name: Sailer, C.
name: Schäffner, K.
name: Schieck, J.
name: Schmaler, J.
name: Scholl, S.
name: Schönert, S.
name: Seidel, W.
name: Sivers, M. v.
name: Stodolsky, L.
name: Strandhagen, C.
name: Strauss, R.
name: Tanzke, A.
name: Uffinger, M.
name: Ulrich, A.
name: Usherov, I.
name: Wawoczny, S.
name: Willers, M.
name: Wüstrich, M.
name: Zöller, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The CRESST-II cryogenic dark matter search aims for the detection of WIMPs via elastic scattering off nuclei in CaWO$_4$ crystals. We present results from a low-threshold analysis of a single upgraded detector module. This module efficiently vetoes low energy backgrounds induced by $α$-decays on inner surfaces of the detector. With an exposure of \unit[29.35]{kg live days} collected in 2013 we set a limit on spin-independent WIMP-nucleon scattering which probes a new region of parameter space for WIMP masses below \unit[3]{GeV/c$^2$}, previously not covered in direct detection searches. A possible excess over background discussed for the previous CRESST-II phase 1 (from 2009 to 2011) is not confirmed.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
'The End'
Creators: name: Kaloper, Nemanja
name: Padilla, Antonio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently we proposed a mechanism for sequestering the Standard Model vacuum energy that predicts that the universe will collapse. Here we present a simple mechanism for bringing about this collapse, employing a scalar field whose potential is linear and becomes negative, providing the negative energy density required to end the expansion. The slope of the potential is chosen to allow for the expansion to last until the current Hubble time, about $10^{10}$ years, to accommodate our universe. Crucially, this choice is technically natural due to a shift symmetry. Moreover, vacuum energy sequestering selects {\it radiatively stable} initial conditions for the collapse, which guarantee that immediately before the turnaround the universe is dominated by the linear potential which drives an epoch of accelerated expansion for at least an efold. Thus a single, technically natural choice for the slope ensures that the collapse is imminent and is preceded by the current stage of cosmic acceleration, giving a new answer to the 'Why Now?' problem.
description: Very minor typo corrected
Topological melting of the metastable skyrmion lattice in the chiral magnet Co$_9$Zn$_9$Mn$_2$
Creators: name: Ukleev, Victor
name: Morikawa, Daisuke
name: Karube, Kosuke
name: Kikkawa, Akiko
name: Shibata, Kiyou
name: Taguchi, Yasujiro
name: Tokura, Yoshinori
name: Arima, Taka-hisa
name: White, Jonathan S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a $β$-Mn-type chiral magnet Co$_9$Zn$_9$Mn$_2$, we demonstrate that the magnetic field-driven collapse of a room temperature metastable topological skyrmion lattice passes through a regime described by a partial topological charge inversion. Using Lorentz transmission electron microscopy, the magnetization distribution was observed directly as the magnetic field was swept antiparallel to the original skyrmion core magnetization, i.e. negative magnetic fields. Due to the topological stability of skyrmions, a direct transition of the metastable skyrmion lattice to the equilibrium helical state is avoided for increasingly negative fields. Instead, the metastable skyrmion lattice gradually transforms into giant magnetic bubbles separated by $2π$ domain walls. Eventually these large structures give way to form a near-homogeneously magnetized medium that unexpectedly hosts a low density of isolated skyrmions with inverted core magnetization, and thus a total topological charge of reduced size and opposite sign compared with the initial state. A similar phenomenon has been observed previously in systems hosting ordered lattices of magnetic bubbles stabilized by the dipolar interaction and called "topological melting". With support from numerical calculations, we argue that the observed regime of partial topological charge inversion has its origin in the topological protection of the starting metastable skyrmion state.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures
Letter to Boris Johnson  - UK Prime Minister - Addendum to paper - UK Covid 19 Deaths in the Elderly
Creators: name: Dr. Alan Wenham-Prosser
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Covid 19; artemisia annua; Boris Johnson; health benefit;

description: After six months of some countries using a herbal remedy to combat covid 19 infections, a fresh look at this strategy is needed.
Letter to Boris Johnson - UK Prime Minister - Addendum to paper - UK Covid 19 Deaths in the Elderly
Creators: name: Dr. Alan Wenham-Prosser
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Covid 19; artemisia annua; Boris Johnson; health benefit;

description: After six months of some countries using a herbal remedy to combat covid 19 infections, a fresh look at this strategy is needed.
Classification of Floquet Statistical Distribution for Time-Periodic Open Systems
Creators: name: Liu, Dong E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: How to understand the order of Floquet stationary states in the presence of external bath coupling and their statistical mechanics is challenging; the answers are important for preparations and control of those Floquet states. Here, we propose a scheme to classify the statistical distribution of Floquet states for time-periodic systems which couple to an external heat bath. If an effective Hamiltonian and a system-bath coupling operator, which are all time-independent, can be simultaneously obtained via a time-periodic unitary transformation, the statistical mechanics of the Floquet states is equivalent to the equilibrium statistical mechanics of the effective Hamiltonian. In the large driving frequency cases, we also show that the conditions of this theorem can be weakened to: the time-period part in the system Hamiltonian commutes with the system-bath coupling operator. A Floquet-Markov approach is applied to numerically compute the Floquet state occupation distribution of a bosonic chain, and the results agree with the theoretical predictions.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures. reference updated