Hybovalgus fraternus Moser 1915
Creators: name: Ricchiardi, Enrico
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Scarabaeidae
Hybovalgus
Hybovalgus fraternus

description: Hybovalgus fraternus Moser, 1915
Fig. 7
Hybovalgus fraternus Moser, 1915: 603.
Excisivalgus csikii Endrödi, 1952: 63, syn. nov.
Hybovalgus fraternus – Schenkling 1922: 51. — Krajčík 2011: 92, fig. 48.
Excisivalgus csikii – Krajčík 2011: 91.
Type material
Lectotype (here designated)
VIETNAM: ♂, Montes Mauson, Lang Son Pr., Mt Mau Son, 21°50′56″ N, 106°58′00″ E, 2–3000 feet, Apr. – May, H. Fruhstorfer leg. (MNHUB).
Paralectotype (here designated)
VIETNAM: 1 ♂, same data as the LT (MNHUB).
Other type material examined
Holotype of Excisivalgus csikii Endrödi, 1952
CHINA: ♀, Fujian, Kuatun (Guadun), 27°40′ N, 117°40′ E, 2300 m, 20 Apr. 1938, J. Klapperich leg. (ZFMK).
Other material examined
VIETNAM: 2 ♂♂ (MNHUB), 1 ♂ (ERC), Montes Mauson, Lang Son Pr., Mt Mau Son, 21°50′56″ N, 106°58′00″ E, 2–3000 feet, Apr. – May, H. Fruhstorfer leg.
LAOS: 2 ♂♂ (ZFMK), 1 ♂ (ERC), Hua Phan Prov., Ban Saleui, Phou Pan Mt., 20°12′ N, 104°01′ E, 1300–1900 m, 11 Apr.–15 May 2012, C. Holzschuh leg.; 4 ♂♂ (ZFMK), 1 ♂ (ERC), same data but 1–31 May 2011.
CHINA: 65 ♂♂, Fujian, Kuatun (Guadun), 27°40′N, 117°40′E, 24–28 Apr. 1946, Tschung-Seng leg. (MHNG); 26 ♂♂, same data but 21 Mar. 1946 (MHNG); 28 ♂♂, Fujian, Kuatun, 28 Apr. 1946, Tschung-Seng leg. (ERC); 12 ♂♂, Fujian, Kuatun, 24 Apr. 1946, Tschung-Seng leg. (ERC); 26 ♂♂ (MHNG), 5 ♂♂ (ERC), Fujian, Kuatun, 21 Mar. 1946, Tschung-Seng leg.; 1 ♂ (MNHUB), 8 ♂♂ (HNHM), 1 ♂ (ERC), Fujian, Kuatun, 18 Apr. 1946, Tschung-Sen leg.; 2 ♂♂, Fujian, Kuatun, 26 Apr. 1946, Tschung-Sen leg. (HNHM); 2 ♂♂, Fujian, Kuatun (Guadun), 27°40′N, 117°40′E, 2300 m, 25 May 1938, J. Klapperich leg. (HNHM); 1 ♂, same data but 6 Apr. 1938 (HNHM); 1 ♂, same data but 20 May 1938 (HNHM); 1 ♂, same data but 3 Apr. 1938 (HNHM); 1 ♂, same data but 19 Apr. 1938 (HNHM); 1 ♂, same data but 4 Apr. 1938 (ERC); 1 ♂, Fujian, Fukien Kuatun (Guadun), 27°40′N, 117°40′E, 18 Apr. 1946, Tschung-Sen leg. (NHM 1952 -443); 1 ♂, Fujian, Fukien Kuatun (Guadun), 27°40′ N, 117°40′ E, 26 Apr. 1946, Tschung-Sen leg. (NHM 1952 -443); 6 ♂♂, Zhejiang, Changlongshan, Anji, 800–900 m, 28 Apr. 2015, Xi Huangshun leg. (ERC); 3 ♂♂, Jangxi, Jinggang Shan – Ciping, 2–14 Jun. 1994, E. Jendek and O. Sausa leg. (ERC); 1 ♂, Hunan, Guidong env., 26°04′ N, 113°56′ E, 23–31 May 1994, E. Jendek and O. Sausa leg. (ERC); 3 ♂♂, 1 ♀, Guizhou, 60 km North of Kaili, Shibing-Yuntai Shan, 21–26 May 1995, E. Jendek leg. (ERC); 6 ♂♂, Guangxi, Mt. Dayaoshan, Linxiang, Jingxiu, 700 m, 25 Apr.–5 May 2014, Huang Yuanyong and Li Dong leg. (ERC); 1 ♂, Guangxi, Mt. Dayaoshan, Pingban, Jingxiu, 1200 m, 5 May 2014, local collectors (ERC); 1 ♂, Sichuan, Mt. Quingcheng Shan, 26 May 1990, Jima Nara leg. (ERC).
Remarks
The analysis of many males from northern Vietnam, northern Laos and China shows that, despite the great variability in paramere shape (particularly the size of the basomedial notch and basal lobe, but many males show intermediate dimensions), there is otherwise little morphological variation within males: the black posterior corner and carina posterior scale tufts are sometimes reduced or barely noticeable. The size of males varies from 5.4 mm (width 3.5 mm) to 6.8 mm (width 4.3 mm). Sometimes the elytra scale pattern is reduced (Fig. 7A), but it is unclear if this is due to wear or real pattern variability.
One female (ERC) from Guizhou was collected at the same locality and date as three males and its general aspect and all the morphology allows it to be assigned to H. fraternus. This female can be separated from the male by the posterior margin of the pronotum slightly excavated as an enlarged ‘C’, the apex of the pygidium prominently pointed.
Many males of H. fraternus were collected by J. Klapperich in April 1938 near Kuatun (Guadun, Fujian, 29°37′46″ N, 117°40′01″ E). At least one of these males (HNHM) was collected on the same day (20 April) and at the same locality as the type series of Excisivalgus csikii Endrödi, 1952. The morphology of the HT of E. klapperichi csikii being identical to the Guizhou H. fraternus female, we concluded that Excisivalgus csikii Endrödi, 1952 is a junior synonym (♀) of Hybovalgus fraternus Moser, 1915.
The two females are larger than the males. The female from Fujian (HT of E. csikii) is 7.3 mm long and 4.2 mm wide, while the one from Guizhou (ERC) is 6.9 mm long and 4.5 mm wide.
Flight period
Adults of H. fraternus were collected from the first days of April to the beginning of June, at an elevation of 700–2300 m.
Distribution
This species was described from northern Vietnam. Records from Laos and China (Fujian, Zhejiang, Sichuan, Guangxi, Hunan, Guizhou, and Jiangxi) are new.
description: Published as part of Ricchiardi, Enrico, 2017, Revision of Chinese mainland Hybovalgus Kolbe, 1904, with description of a new species, and Excisivalgus Endrödi, 1952 reduced to synonymy with Hybovalgus (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), pp. 1-32 in European Journal of Taxonomy 340 (340) on pages 16-18, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2017.340, http://zenodo.org/record/3832552