cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Minimax Learning for Remote Prediction
Creators: name: Li, Cheuk Ting
name: Wu, Xiugang
name: Ozgur, Ayfer
name: Gamal, Abbas El
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The classical problem of supervised learning is to infer an accurate predictor of a target variable $Y$ from a measured variable $X$ by using a finite number of labeled training samples. Motivated by the increasingly distributed nature of data and decision making, in this paper we consider a variation of this classical problem in which the prediction is performed remotely based on a rate-constrained description $M$ of $X$. Upon receiving $M$, the remote node computes an estimate $\hat Y$ of $Y$. We follow the recent minimax approach to study this learning problem and show that it corresponds to a one-shot minimax noisy source coding problem. We then establish information theoretic bounds on the risk-rate Lagrangian cost and a general method to design a near-optimal descriptor-estimator pair, which can be viewed as a rate-constrained analog to the maximum conditional entropy principle used in the classical minimax learning problem. Our results show that a naive estimate-compress scheme for rate-constrained prediction is not in general optimal.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures, presented in part at ISIT 2018
Supplementary document for Enhanced stimulated Raman scattering of water by lithium hydroxide - 7193029.pdf
Creators: name: Dou, Zhenguo
name: Xing, Lu
name: wang, haixin
name: Fang, Wenhui
name: Li, Aijun
name: JIA, ERNA
name: men, zhiwei
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2024
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supplemental Document
Reminiscences of Robert Drew, 1980
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Air pilots
Motion picture producers and directors
Motion pictures--Production and direction
Documentary films
Television broadcasting of films
Documentary television programs
Industrial films

description: Childhood and family; pilot in World War II; writer for LIFE magazine; Nieman Fellowship at Harvard; filmmaking influences; "direct cinema" vs. "cinema verite"; early films for TIME/LIFE including "Primary"; technical advances in mobile candid sync sound filmmaking; Drew Associates: production of films for ABC, TIME, the Bell Telephone Hour, particularly "Yankii, No" "Eddie", and films about John F. Kennedy, commercials, independent and industrial films; views on past and present documentary work Mrs. Drew particpated in the first two interview sessions
Evidence for a Very Large-Scale Fractal Structure in the Universe from Cobe Measurements
Creators: name: Pino, E. M. de Gouveia Dal
name: Hetem, A.
name: Horvath, J. E.
name: de Souza, C. A. W.
name: Villela, T.
name: de Araujo, J. C. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we analyse the temperature fluctuations of the cosmic microwave background radiation observed by COBE and show that the distribution can be fitted by a fractal distribution with a fractal dimension $ D= 1.43 \pm 0.07 $. This value is in close agreement with the fractal dimension obtained by Coleman and Pietronero (1992) and Luo and Schramm (1992) from galaxy-galaxy and cluster-cluster correlations up to $ \sim 100 h^{-1} Mpc$. The fact that the observed temperature fluctuations correspond to scales much larger than $ 100 h^{-1} Mpc$ and are signatures of the primordial density fluctuations at the recombination layer suggests that the structure of the matter at the early universe was already fractal and thus non-homogeneous on those scales. This result may have important consequences for the theoretical framework that describes the universe.
description: 11 pages, postscript file, 2 figures available upon request. To appear in ApJ Letters
Regularities in the Long Term Optical Light Curve of the Black Hole Candidate Binary A0620-00 (V616 Mon)
Creators: name: Leibowitz, Elia M.
name: Hemar, Shirley
name: Orio, Marina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have monitored the R and I magnitudes of the black hole candidate system A0620-00 (V616 Mon) in the years 1991-95 at the Wise Observatory. Combining our data with some additional measurements, we analyze a sparsely covered 7 years light curve of the star. We find that the average R-band magnitude is varying on a time scale of a few hundreds days, with a peak to peak amplitude of 0.3 mag. The two maxima in the well known double hump binary cycle, as well as one of the minima between them, vary by a few percent relative to one another in a seemingly random way. One maximum is on the average higher than the other by 0.05 mag. The depth of the second minimum is varying with significantly higher amplitude, in clear correlation with the long term variability of the mean magnitude of the system. It is shallower than the other minimum at times of maximum light, and it becomes deeper at times of minimum system light. According to the commonly acceptable phasing of the binary cycle, the systematically varying minimum corresponds to inferior conjunction of the red dwarf in the system. We cannot suggest any simple geometrical model for explaining the regularities that we find in the long term photometric behaviour of the star.
description: 6 pages, 5 eps figure, LaTex MNRAS style, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Supplementary document for Enhanced stimulated Raman scattering of water by lithium hydroxide - 7220390.pdf
Creators: name: Dou, Zhenguo
name: Xing, Lu
name: wang, haixin
name: Fang, Wenhui
name: Li, Aijun
name: JIA, ERNA
name: men, zhiwei
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2024
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: supplementary materials
Sensitivity of the PICO-500 Bubble Chamber to Supernova Neutrinos Through Coherent Nuclear Elastic Scattering
Creators: name: Kozynets, Tetiana
name: Fallows, Scott
name: Krauss, Carsten B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ton-scale direct dark matter search experiments should be sensitive to neutrino-induced recoil events from either $^8$B solar neutrinos or the brief but intense flux from a core collapse supernova in the Milky Way. These low-threshold detectors are sensitive to the very low recoil energies, of order 10 keV, deposited via coherent elastic scatters between supernova neutrinos and target nuclei. Large superheated fluid detectors like PICO-500, a bubble chamber to be initially filled with an active target of 1 t of C$_3$F$_8$, should see multiple-bubble events from CE$ν$NS if the detector is live during a neutrino burst from a supernova at a distance up to 10 kpc. This paper discusses conditions under which bubble chambers could be used as an independent measurement in the event of a supernova similar to SN 1987A, with particular sensitivity to the currently less-constrained heavy-lepton $ν_x$ channel.
description: 7 pages, 8 figures
Stellar evolution with mass loss - comparison of numerical and semi-analytical computations.
Creators: name: Jimenez, R.
name: Jorgensen, U. G.
name: Thejll, P.
name: MacDonald, J.
name: .
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present here results of stellar evolution calculations that include the latest advances in radiative opacities and neutrino cooling, and discuss on the basis of these models how the internal stellar structure responds to mass-loss from the stellar surface. This problem has particular importance for the development of semi-analytical algorithms for effi cient calculation of synthetic stellar populations with realistic (and hence complex) mass-loss scenarios. We therefore compare our numerical results with test calculations based on a semi-analytical stellar evolution method developed by us. Although small, but important, differences between results from the two methods are revealed, the evolutionary tracks in the HR-diagram predicted by the two approaches are almost identical.
description: uuencoded Postscript, 4 pages.
Supplementary document for Enhanced stimulated Raman scattering of water by lithium hydroxide - 7230065.pdf
Creators: name: Dou, Zhenguo
name: Xing, Lu
name: wang, haixin
name: Fang, Wenhui
name: Li, Aijun
name: JIA, ERNA
name: men, zhiwei
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2024
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supplemental Document
A Bayesian Classifier for Photometric Redshifts: Identification of high redshift clusters
Creators: name: Kodama, Tadayuki
name: Bell, Eric F.
name: Bower, Richard G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Photometric redshift classifiers provide a means of estimating galaxy redshifts from observations using a small number of broad-band filters. However, the accuracy with which redshifts can be determined is sensitive to the star formation history of the galaxy, for example the effects of age, metallicity and on-going star formation. We present a photometric classifier that explicitly takes into account the degeneracies implied by these variations, based on the flexible stellar population synthesis code of Kodama & Arimoto. The situation is encouraging since many of the variations in stellar populations introduce colour changes that are degenerate. We use a Bayesian inversion scheme to estimate the likely range of redshifts compatible with the observed colours. When applied to existing multi-band photometry for Abell 370, most of the cluster members are correctly recovered with little field contamination. The inverter is focussed on the recovery of a wide variety of galaxy populations in distant (z~1) clusters from broad band colours covering the 4000 angstrom break. It is found that this can be achieved with impressive accuracy ($|Δz| < 0.1$), allowing detailed investigation into the evolution of cluster galaxies with little selection bias.
description: 18 pages, including 15 figures, Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Reminiscences of Robert E. Hogaboom 1970
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Veterans
World War, 1939-1945--Naval operations, American
Amphibious warfare

description: Family background, education; early duty in Nicaragua, Shanghai; Sino-Japanese War; amphibious warfare doctrine, 1939-42; World War II: Attuand Kiska operations, Marianas, Iwo Jima, preparations for invasion of Japan; reminiscences of Generals Holland Smith and Graves Erskine, Admiral Kelly Turner; staff, National War College; Commanding General, North Atlantic Treaty Organization exercises, phase-out operations in Korea; Deputy Chief of Staff(Plans) and Chief of Staff, Headquarters, Marine Corps, 1955-59.
Reminiscences of Robert E. Merriam, 1969
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Executives

description: Early political career in Chicago, Washington; World War II: combat historian, 1944, Battle of the Bulge; early relationship with General Eisenhower; postwar housing in Chicago; Alderman, Chicago, 1947; Eisenhower administration; Adlai E. Stevenson; White House experiences; HOPE, People to People program; workings of Presidential office; Bureau of the Budget; deputy assistant to President for intergovernmental relations; Ad Hoc Committee on Metropolitan Area Problems; advisory committee on intergovernmental relations
Individual and Organizational Effects of Knowledge Production: A Multi-Level Study
Creators: name: Schillebeeckx, Simon J.D.
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2014

description: This dissertation investigates individual and organizational effects of knowledge production in three chapters. I depart from the notion that both interpersonal collaboration between and within organizations as well as recombination of knowledge components are instrumental in the production of new knowledge. The first chapter investigates the origins of collaborative knowledge production in plastics electronics. Using survey data, I explore how individual and organizational characteristics drive collaboration preferences. I avoid looking at established collaborations because these bias collaboration determinants. I find that resource provisioning and social similarity influence preferences and that these effects are moderated by collaboration experience and organizational objectives. Additionally, the study suggests that individuals facing an aspiration gap are more favourable towards collaboration, and proposes that relational capability, in the form of networking skills, openness, and information will moderate this relationship. The second chapter looks at the recombination of knowledge components. Using patent data from US semiconductor firms, we explore how firms build on old knowledge components to create new patented inventions. The findings suggest that familiarity of components contributes to innovative success but that adding novelty to familiar combinations is on average even more successful. We also find that the effects of different types of knowledge recombinations are moderated by the time in between these collaborations as well as by the search for non-domain specific knowledge. The final chapter posits that the search for knowledge components and the search for collaboration partners should not be understood as two isolated determinants of invention. I submit that finding knowledge components (objects) or knowledgeable partners (holders) can be construed as alternative solutions to the same knowledge problem and describe a process model of invention as escalating recombinant search. The dissertation ends with a reflexive conclusion on the contributions made in these three chapters.
Reminiscences of Robert Elkington Wood, 1961
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Government executives--United States
Executives
Department stores
New Deal, 1933-1939

description: Family background, West Point; Philippines, 1901-02; Panama Canal, 1905-15; DuPont, General Asphalt; World War I: shipbuilding program, Army Transport Service, Acting Quartermaster General; Montgomery Ward, 1919-24; establishment of retail stores; Sears, Roebuck, 1924-61: shopping centers, profit sharing, Allstate; New Deal; America First; supply problems in World War II: labor relations
Topologically massive higher spin gauge theories
Creators: name: Kuzenko, Sergei M.
name: Ponds, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We elaborate on conformal higher-spin gauge theory in three-dimensional (3D) curved space. For any integer $n>2$ we introduce a conformal spin-$\frac{n}{2}$ gauge field $h_{(n)} =h_{α_1\dots α_n}$ (with $n$ spinor indices) of dimension $(2-n/2)$ and argue that it possesses a Weyl primary descendant $C_{(n)}$ of dimension $(1+n/2)$. The latter proves to be divergenceless and gauge invariant in any conformally flat space. Primary fields $C_{(3)}$ and $C_{(4)}$ coincide with the linearised Cottino and Cotton tensors, respectively. Associated with $C_{(n)}$ is a Chern-Simons-type action that is both Weyl and gauge invariant in any conformally flat space. These actions, which for $n=3$ and $n=4$ coincide with the linearised actions for conformal gravitino and conformal gravity, respectively, are used to construct gauge-invariant models for massive higher-spin fields in Minkowski and anti-de Sitter space. In the former case, the higher-derivative equations of motion are shown to be equivalent to those first-order equations which describe the irreducible unitary massive spin-$\frac{n}{2}$ representations of the 3D Poincaré group. Finally, we develop ${\cal N}=1$ supersymmetric extensions of the above results.
description: 50 pages; V2: typos corrected, comments, references and new appendix added; V3: published version
CO (J = 4 --> 3) and 650 Micron Continuum Observations of z=0.93 Hyperluminous Infrared Galaxy FSC 15307+3252
Creators: name: Yun, M. S.
name: Scoville, N. Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the results of our CO J = 4 --> 3 line and rest frame 650 micron continuum observations of the z=0.93 hyperluminous infrared galaxy FSC 15307+3252 using the Owens Valley Millimeter Array. No line or continuum emission was detected, but the derived limits provide a useful constraint on the temperature, emissivity, and mass of the cold dust associated with FSC 15307+3252 and its molecular gas content. The 3 sigma upper limit on the velocity integrated CO (4-3) line flux is 1.6 Jy km/s (for 300 km/s line width). This corresponds to a surprisingly small total molecular gas mass limit of 5 x 10^9 h^{-2} solar mass for this galaxy with infrared luminosity L(FIR) > 10^{13} solar luminosity. Combined with existing photometry data, our 3 sigma upper limit of 5.1 mJy for the 239 GHz (650 micron rest wavelength) continuum flux yields a total dust mass of 0.4-1.5 times 10^8 solar mass. The CO luminosity (thus molecular gas content) and the resulting gas-to-dust ratio are lower than the values typical for the more gas-rich infrared galaxies, but they are within the observed ranges. On the other hand, FSC 15307+3252 has a dust content and infrared luminosity 40 and 200 times larger than the infrared bright elliptical-like galaxies NGC 1275 and Cygnus A. The FIR luminosity to dust mass ratios, L(FIR)/M(dust), for all three galaxies hosting a powerful AGN (FSC 10214+4724, FSC 15307+3252, Cygnus A) are larger than reasonably expected for a galaxy dominated by a starburst and four times larger than Arp 220. Therefore the bulk of the observe FIR luminosity in these galaxies is likely powered by their luminous active nucleus.
description: 19 pages, Latex, ApJ format, including 3 figures. The Astrophysical Journal, in press
Metabolic phenotyping applied to pre-clinical drug induced liver injury and acute liver failure
Creators: name: Kyriakides, Michael
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2014

description: Liver disease is a prevalent clinical challenge caused by a variety of factors including viral infections and xenobiotic overdose. Improving our mechanistic understanding of disease development will lead to an improved stratification of patients and ultimately a better prognosis. This thesis addresses the role of metabonomics in providing insight into a variety of preclinical models and a clinical study. The metabolic phenotype of preclinical models of paracetamol (APAP) and methotrexate (MTX) toxicity were characterised, together with the study of clinical samples from decompensated cirrhosis, acute on chronic liver failure (ACLF) and acute liver failure (ALF) patients. A comparative metabonomic approach was applied to study the metabolic consequences following administration of APAP and its non-hepatotoxic isomer; N-acetyl-m-aminophenol (AMAP), in mice. The analysis revealed an APAP-induced hepatotoxicity through mitochondrial dysfunction which was characterized by an upregulation of glycolysis as well as the inhibition of beta-oxidation and the Krebs cycle. The metabolic and toxic effects of MTX were investigated in healthy rats and in a model of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH; as modelled by the methionine choline deficient diet). MTX was shown to have an enhanced toxicity in the context of NASH, which was associated with unique metabolic changes. The clinical work revealed that the serum metabolic phenotypes of clinical decompensated cirrhosis, ACLF and ALF patients were also each characterized by unique metabolic perturbations. The ALF phenotype was associated with the most metabolic changes and consisted of markers of oxidative and energetic stress, as well as markers of amino acid metabolism dysfunction. Subsequently, the novel serum metabolic profiling of the hepatic vein, hepatic portal vein and peripheral artery of patients during liver transplantation aimed to characterize the hepatic disease microenvironment, which was discovered to mainly consist of a perturbed amino acid metabolism.
$K^*$ mesons with hidden charm arising from $KX(3872)$ and $KZ_c(3900)$ dynamics
Creators: name: Ren, Xiu-Lei
name: Malabarba, Brenda B.
name: Geng, Li-Sheng
name: Khemchandani, K. P.
name: Torres, A. Martinez
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Inspired by the recent discovery of the pentaquark states $P_c(4450)$ and $P_c(4380)$, which can be viewed as excited nucleon states with hidden charm, we study the three-body interaction of a kaon and a pair of $D\bar{D}^*$ in isospin 0 and 1. We show that the two body interactions stringently constrained by the existence of the $D_{s0}^*(2317)$, $D^*_{s1}(2460)$, $X(3872)$, and $Z_c(3900)$, which are widely believed to contain large $DK$, $D^* K$, and $D\bar{D}^*$ components, inevitably lead to the existence of a heavy $K^*$ meson with hidden charm. Concrete coupled channel three-body calculations yield its mass and width as $(4307\pm 2)- i (9\pm 2)$ MeV with $I(J^P)=1/2(1^-)$. This state, if found experimentally, definitely cannot be accommodated in a $q\bar{q}$ picture, and therefore presents a clear case of an exotic hadron.
description: updated version
Reminiscences of Robert E. Smylie, 1975
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Governors--United States
Presidents--Election--1952.--United States
Television in politics

description: Education and early jobs; law school 1939-1942; Coast Guard; Idaho Attorney General, 1947-1954; Republican National Convention 1952; Presidential election 1952; Idaho gubernatorial campaign 1954: influence of television; federal government decentralization and revenue-sharing 1959-1967
Supplementary document for Enhanced stimulated Raman scattering of water by lithium hydroxide - 7244307.pdf
Creators: name: Dou, Zhenguo
name: Xing, Lu
name: wang, haixin
name: Fang, Wenhui
name: Li, Aijun
name: JIA, ERNA
name: men, zhiwei
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2024
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supplement 1
A new distance-regular graph of diameter 3 on 1024 vertices
Creators: name: Shi, Minjia
name: Krotov, Denis
name: Solé, Patrick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 05E30, 94B05

description: The dodecacode is a nonlinear additive quaternary code of length $12$. By puncturing it at any of the twelve coordinates, we obtain a uniformly packed code of distance $5$. In particular, this latter code is completely regular but not completely transitive. Its coset graph is distance-regular of diameter three on $2^{10}$ vertices, with new intersection array $\{33,30,15;1,2,15\}$. The automorphism groups of the code, and of the graph, are determined. Connecting the vertices at distance two gives a strongly regular graph of (previously known) parameters $(2^{10},495,238,240)$. Another strongly regular graph with the same parameters is constructed on the codewords of the dual code. A non trivial completely regular binary code of length $33$ is constructed.
Reminiscences of Robert Ebendorf 1985
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Goldsmiths
Jewelers
Dyslexia
Metal-work
Goldwork
Jewelry making

description: Childhood and education, University of Kansas; struggle with dyslexia; Fulbright fellow and designer, Oslo, Norway; Louis Comfort Tiffany award in Creative Metals; teaching career and method; founding of Society of North American Goldsmiths; organization of AMERICAN METALSMITH magazine; changing themes within his work; expanding opportunities in design and metalsmith work.
Evaluation of video-motion analysis in the assessment of endovascular skill
Creators: name: Rolls, Alexander
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2014

description: Endovascular intervention has undergone rapid expansion, largely driven by technological advancement, and has permitted the successful management of complex arterial disease in patients otherwise precluded from operative intervention. Despite refinement and expansion of available endovascular technologies, such techniques can be technically demanding and require considerable expertise. Furthermore, a growing body of evidence suggests that experience and competence have a direct bearing on outcome following such procedures. A number of professional bodies have sought to define competence in terms of number of procedures required to receive specialist certification, however raw procedural figures are regarded by some experts as crude surrogate markers of skill. Endovascular skills are presently assessed using a variety of methods including rating scales, procedure-specific check-lists, computer-generated scoring matrices and metrics derived from fluoroscopic imaging such as contrast volume and procedure time. Although the latter are used in live endovascular intervention to assess novel technologies and techniques, they provide little in the way of qualitative information. Qualitative rating scales have been extensively validated, but are time-consuming and are still largely restricted to experimental work. Video-motion analysis (VMA) is a relatively new concept and prior to this work was unexplored in the field of endovascular surgery. The principle behind this assessment method is the extraction of motion-descriptive data from video recordings. This body of work introduces a novel catheter tracking software capable of extracting this data from fluoroscopic sequences and providing information on the efficiency of endovascular tool movement. Following in-depth examination of the components of endovascular skill on the basis of expert opinion, a comprehensive series of live and simulation-based experiments are presented which demonstrate feasibility and validate this novel software as an assessment method of endovascular technique. Finally, the VMA software is used to evaluate a novel robotic catheter technology, and further ideas for further development of this software are discussed.
A novel approach for multimodal graph dimensionality reduction
Creators: name: Kalamaras, Ilias
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2015

description: This thesis deals with the problem of multimodal dimensionality reduction (DR), which arises when the input objects, to be mapped on a low-dimensional space, consist of multiple vectorial representations, instead of a single one. Herein, the problem is addressed in two alternative manners. One is based on the traditional notion of modality fusion, but using a novel approach to determine the fusion weights. In order to optimally fuse the modalities, the known graph embedding DR framework is extended to multiple modalities by considering a weighted sum of the involved affinity matrices. The weights of the sum are automatically calculated by minimizing an introduced notion of inconsistency of the resulting multimodal affinity matrix. The other manner for dealing with the problem is an approach to consider all modalities simultaneously, without fusing them, which has the advantage of minimal information loss due to fusion. In order to avoid fusion, the problem is viewed as a multi-objective optimization problem. The multiple objective functions are defined based on graph representations of the data, so that their individual minimization leads to dimensionality reduction for each modality separately. The aim is to combine the multiple modalities without the need to assign importance weights to them, or at least postpone such an assignment as a last step. The proposed approaches were experimentally tested in mapping multimedia data on low-dimensional spaces for purposes of visualization, classification and clustering. The no-fusion approach, namely Multi-objective DR, was able to discover mappings revealing the structure of all modalities simultaneously, which cannot be discovered by weight-based fusion methods. However, it results in a set of optimal trade-offs, from which one needs to be selected, which is not trivial. The optimal-fusion approach, namely Multimodal Graph Embedding DR, is able to easily extend unimodal DR methods to multiple modalities, but depends on the limitations of the unimodal DR method used. Both the no-fusion and the optimal-fusion approaches were compared to state-of-the-art multimodal dimensionality reduction methods and the comparison showed performance improvement in visualization, classification and clustering tasks. The proposed approaches were also evaluated for different types of problems and data, in two diverse application fields, a visual-accessibility-enhanced search engine and a visualization tool for mobile network security data. The results verified their applicability in different domains and suggested promising directions for future advancements.
Interstellar Grains in Elliptical Galaxies: Grain Evolution
Creators: name: Tsai, John C.
name: Mathews, William G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the lifecycle of dust introduced into the hot interstellar medium in isolated elliptical galaxies. Dust grains are ejected into galactic-scale cooling flows in large ellipticals by normal mass loss from evolving red giants. Newly introduced dust rapidly enters the hot gas environment and is sputtered away by thermal collisions with ions. Before the grains are completely sputtered away, they emit prodigious amounts of infrared radiation which may contribute to the large far infrared luminosities observed in ellipticals. In order to study the global properties of grains in ellipticals we construct a new series of King-type galactic models which are consistent with the fundamental plane, galactic mass to light ratios and other relevant observational correlations. We describe a new ``continuity'' procedure to construct simple time-dependent gas dynamic models for cooling flows. In all galaxy models, although grains can flow a considerable distance from their radius of origin before being sputtered away, the grain size distribution is accurately determined by assuming {\it in situ} sputtering, completely ignoring advection. The dominant source of grain heating is absorption of starlight; grain heating by collisions with energetic thermal electrons or X-ray absorption are negligible. However, we also show that when self-consistent grain sputtering is included the dust-to-gas ratio is reduced and radiative cooling, not electron-grain interactions dominates plasma cooling, even for the most massive ellipticals.
description: 30 pages plain TeX, figures available by request to tsai@cita.utoronto.ca, to appear in ApJ.
Supplementary document for Moiré artifacts reduction in Talbot-Lau X-ray phase contrast imaging using three-step iterative approach - 6020061.pdf
Creators: name: Tao, Siwei
name: Xu, Yueshu
name: bai, ling
name: Tian, Zonghan
name: Hao, Xiang
name: Kuang, Cuifang
name: Liu, Xu
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2022
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supplement 1
Pore-scale heterogeneity in the mineral distribution and reactive surface area of permeable rocks
Creators: name: Lai, Peter
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2016

description: This work was carried out within the Qatar Carbonates and Carbon Storage Research Centre to improve the characterisation of carbonate reservoirs. 3D images obtained using X-ray micro-tomography were used to characterise heterogeneity in surface area in one sandstone and five carbonate rocks. Surface area measured from X-ray imagery were 1 to 2 orders of magnitude lower than nitrogen BET measurements. Roughness factor, i.e. the ratio of BET surface area to X-ray based surface area, was correlated to the presence of clay or microporosity. Comparing statistical distributions of surface area to those in published modelling studies showed that the common practice of leaving surface area and pore volume uncorrelated in a pore led to unrealistic combinations of surface area and pore volume. In Berea sandstone, constraining ratios of surface area to pore volume to a range of values between that of quartz-lined and five times that of clay-lined spheres appeared sufficient. Statistical analysis suggest that at 600 micrometre, the observations do not yet form a representative elementary volume. The development of dual-energy CT for phase identification is presented. Kaolinite, plagioclase, biotite, quartz, orthoclase, albite, dolomite, calcite, pyrite, magnetite, and hematite were scanned. The pairs: plagioclase-orthoclase, albite-quartz, biotite-orthoclase, and hematite-magnetite were not distinguished. Discrimination was possible for all other combinations. In Berea sandstone, kaolinite-smectite, quartz-albite, alkali feldspar-plagioclase, and pyrite-rutile were identified separately. Dual-energy CT has better contrast or capacity for larger samples than single-energy CT. Finally, an adsorption isotherm was measured from batch experiments with quartz and aqueous caesium chloride. 0.755 M of caesium remained in solution while 0.995 mole of caesium was adsorbed per square metre of quartz. Adsorption was expected to increase average attenuation seven-fold and contribute to 86% of the average attenuation in the image. CT images were collected of an equivalent column experiment with quartz powder and aqueous caesium chloride. However, adsorbed caesium was measured to contribute less than 1% of the average attenuation. This work has provided new capabilities to characterise pore-scale mineral and surface area heterogeneity and improve our understanding of CO2 storage in carbonates.
$SU(3)$ Knot Solitons: Hopfions in the $F_2$ Skyrme-Faddeev-Niemi model
Creators: name: Amari, Yuki
name: Sawado, Nobuyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the existence of knot solitons (Hopfions) in a Skryme-Faddeev-Niemi-type model on the target space $SU(3)/U(1)^2$, which can be viewed as an effective theory of both the $SU(3)$ Yang-Mills theory and the $SU(3)$ anti-ferromagnetic Heisenberg model. We derive the knot solitons with two different types of ansatz: the first is a trivial embedding configuration of $SU(2)$ into $SU(3)$, and the second is a non-embedding configuration that can be generated through the Bäcklund transformation. The resulting Euler-Lagrange equations for both ansatz reduce exactly to those of the $CP^1$ Skyrme-Faddeev-Niemi model. We also examine some quantum aspects of the solutions using the collective coordinate zero-mode quantization method.
description: 8 pages
Gravitational lensing of massive particles in Reissner-Nordström spacetime
Creators: name: Pang, Xiankai
name: Jia, Junji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we study the deflection angle $Δφ$ and gravitational lensing of both lightlike and timelike neutral rays in Reissner-Nordström (RN) spacetimes. The exact deflection angle is found as an elliptical function of the impact parameter $b$ and velocity $v$ of the ray, and the charge $Q$ of the spacetime. In obtaining this angle, we found the critical impact parameter $b_c$ and radius of particle sphere $r_c$ that are also dependent on $v$ and $Q$. In general, both the increase of velocity and charge reduces the $b_c$ as well as $r_c$. To study the effect of $v$ and $Q$ on the deflection angle $Δφ$, its weak and strong deflection limits, relativistic and non-relativistic limits, and small charge and extremal RN limits are analyzed carefully. It is found that both the increase of velocity and charge reduces the deflection angle. For weak deflection, the velocity and charge corrections appear respectively in the $\mathcal{O}(1/b)$ and $\mathcal{O}(1/b^2)$ orders. For strong deflections, these two corrections appear in the same order. The apparent angles and magnifications of weak and strong regular lensing, and retro-lensing are studied for both lightlike and timelike rays. In general, in all cases the increase of velocity or charge will decrease the apparent angle of any order. We show that velocity correction is much larger than that of charge in the weak lensing case, while their effects in the strong regular lensing and retro-lensing are comparable. It is further shown that the apparent angle and magnification in strong regular lensing and retro-lensing can be effectively unified. Finally, we argue that the correction of $v$ and $Q$ on the apparent angle can be correlated to mass or mass hierarchy of timelike particles with certain energy. In addition, the effects of $v$ and $Q$ on shadow size of black holes are discussed.
description: Revised version: references added; some figures improved. 27 pages, 8 figures and 2 tables
Beyond $\mathcal{R}(D^{(*)})$ with the general 2HDM-III for $b\to cτν$
Creators: name: Martinez, R.
name: Sierra, C. F.
name: Valencia, German
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review the parameter regions allowed by measurements of $\mathcal{R}(D^{(*)})$ and by a theoretical limit on ${\cal B}(B_{c}\toτν)$ in terms of generic scalar and pseudoscalar new physics couplings, $g_s$ and $g_p$. We then use these regions as constraints to predict the ranges for additional observables in $b\to cτν$ including the differential decay distributions $dΓ/dq^{2}$; the ratios $\mathcal{R}(J/ψ)$ and $\mathcal{R}(Λ_{c})$; and the tau-lepton polarisation in $B\to D^{(\star)}τν$, with emphasis on the CP violating normal polarisation. Finally we map the allowed regions in $g_s$ and $g_p$ into the parameters of four versions of the Yukawa couplings of the general 2HDM-III model. We find that the model is still viable but could be ruled out by a confirmation of a large $\mathcal{R}(J/ψ)$.
description: 27 pages, 11 figures, major changes with new analysis and plots
Theory of photoinduced ultrafast switching to a spin-orbital ordered `hidden' phase
Creators: name: Li, Jiajun
name: Strand, Hugo U. R.
name: Werner, Philipp
name: Eckstein, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Photoinduced hidden phases are often observed in materials with intertwined orders. Understanding the formation of these non-thermal phases is challenging and requires a resolution of the cooperative interplay between different orders on the ultrashort timescale. In this work, we demonstrate that non-equilibrium photo-excitations can induce a state with spin-orbital orders entirely different from the equilibrium state in the three-quarter-filled two-band Hubbard model. We identify a general mechanism governing the transition to the hidden state, which relies on a non-thermal partial melting of the intertwined orders mediated by photoinduced charge excitations in the presence of strong spin-orbital exchange interactions. Our study theoretically confirms the crucial role played by orbital degrees of freedom in the light-induced dynamics of strongly correlated materials and it shows that the switching to hidden states can be controlled already on the fs timescale of the electron dynamics.
Hubble Parameter in Void Universe
Creators: name: Nakao, Ken-ichi
name: Gouda, Naoteru
name: Chiba, Takeshi
name: Ikeuchi, Satoru
name: Nakamura, Takashi
name: Shibata, Masaru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the distance-redshift relation in the simple void model. As discussed by Moffat and Tatarski, if the observer stays at the center of the void, the observed Hubble parameter is not so different from the background Hubble parameter. However, if the position of observer is off center of the void, we must consider the peculiar velocity correction which is measured by the observed dipole anisotropy of cosmic microwave background. This peculiar velocity correction for the redshift is crucial to determine the Hubble parameter and we shall discuss this effect. Further the results of Turner et al by the N-body simulation will be also considered.
description: 5 pages, uuencode compressed latex with 2 EPS figures,
Reminiscences of Robert G. Storey, 1971
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Lawyers
African Americans--Civil rights
African Americans--Segregation
School integration--Arkansas

description: Member Hoover Commission on government reorganization, 1953-1955; Civil Rights Commission, 1957-1963; Little Rock integration crisis; voting rights, integrated housing, education
The current-induced spin-orbit torque and field-free switching from Mo-based magnetic heterostructures
Creators: name: Chen, Tian-Yue
name: Chan, Hsin-I
name: Liao, Wei-Bang
name: Pai, Chi-Feng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic heterostructure Mo/CoFeB/MgO has strong perpendicular magnetic anisotropy and thermal stability. Through current-induced hysteresis loop shift measurements, we show that the dampinglike spin-orbit torque (SOT) efficiency of Mo/CoFeB/MgO heterostructure is $ξ_{DL}\approx -0.003\pm 0.001$ and fairly independent of the annealing temperature from 300$^\circ$C to 400$^\circ$C. Though $|ξ_{DL}|$ is small while compare to those from Ta or W-based heterostructures, reversible current-induced SOT switching of a thermally-stable Mo/CoFeB/MgO heterostruture can still be achieved. Furthermore, we observe field-free current-induced switching from a Mo/CoFeB/MgO structure with the Mo layer being wedge-deposited. Our results indicate that even for a weak spin-orbit interaction 4d transition metal such as Mo, it is still possible to generate sufficient spin current for conventional SOT switching and to realize field-free current-induced switching by structural engineering.
Ribes alpinum Linnaeus, 1753, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1753
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Saxifragales
Grossulariaceae
Ribes
Ribes alpinum

description: Ribes alpinum, spec. nov.
2. Ribes inerme, racemis erectis: bracteis flore longioribus.
 Ribes inerme, floribus planiusculis, racemis erectis. Hort. cliff. 82. Fl. suec. 198.
 Ribes alpinum dulce. Bauh. hist. 2. p.98. Fl. lapp.97.
 Grossularia vulgaris fructu dulci. Bauh. pin. 455.
 β. Ribes montana, oxyacanthae sapore. Bauh. prodr. 160. Amoen. acad. 1. p.170.
 Habitat in Sueciae , Helvetiae , Angliae sepibus siccis. ♄
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1753, Species plantarum: exhibentes plantas rite cognitas, ad genera relatas, cum differentiis specificis, nominibus trivialibus, synonymis selectis, locis natalibus, secundum systema sexuale digestas, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on pages 200-201, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3931989
Robust Rydberg gate via Landau-Zener control of Förster resonance
Creators: name: Huang, Xi-Rong
name: Ding, Zong-Xing
name: Hu, Chang-Sheng
name: Shen, Li-Tuo
name: Li, Weibin
name: Wu, Huaizhi
name: Zheng, Shi-Biao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we propose a scheme to implement the two-qubit controlled-Z gate via the Stark-tuned Förster interaction of Rydberg atoms, where the Förster defect is driven by a time-dependent electric field of a simple sinusoidal function while the matrix elements of the dipole-dipole interaction are time-independent. It is shown that when the system is initially in a specific state, it makes a cyclic evolution after a preset interaction time, returning to the initial state, but picks up a phase, which can be used for realizing a two-atom controlled-Z gate. Due to the interference of sequential Landau-Zener transitions, the population and phase of the state is quasi-deterministic after the cyclic evolution and therefore the gate fidelity is insensitive to fluctuations of the interaction time and the dipole-dipole matrix elements. Feasibility of the scheme realized with Cs atoms is discussed in detail, which shows that the two-qubit gate via Landau-Zener control can be realized with the state-of-the-art experimental setup.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures
Development of novel mass spectrometric methods for the characterisation and identification of microorganisms
Creators: name: Strittmatter, Nicole
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2016

description: This study describes the development of a novel, REIMS-based characterisation and identification tool for unicellular organisms. A bipolar handheld sampling probe was optimised and characterised on several instrumental platforms before being applied to the acquisition of a large scale spectral database of bacteria and yeasts. Using this database, the specificity of the method was characterised using multivariate statistics and found to yield comparable identification results as MALDI-TOF-MS based techniques for a set of 28 clinically relevant bacterial species. Further tests were performed on sub-species level such as ribotype in case of C. difficile, serotype in case of S. pneumoniae, antibiotic resistance in K. pneumoniae and strain-level differentiation for E. coli. The method could be further applied to yeasts and yielded excellent results for a set of five Candida species. To extend the range of the methodology to cell line cultures, the method was further tested for reproducibility and robustness initially using three cell lines. Subsequently, REIMS profiles were collected for the whole NCI60 cancer cell line panel and investigated for their spectral reproducibility, clustering behaviour with regards to tissue type of origin and comparison with spectra of corresponding bulk cancer tissue specimens. REIMS profiles were additionally correlated with publicly available gene and protein expression data in order to elucidate the sensitivity of this REIMS-based approach. Finally, taxon-specific bacterial biomarkers were derived from a dataset containing 228 bacterial species by finding spectral features that show specificity for a certain phylogenetic group of bacteria. Using these markers, bacteria were detected in tissue sections of both cancerous and healthy colorectal tissue previously acquired using DESI-MSI. Findings were in good agreement with data obtained using 16S rRNA gene sequencing-based analysis and relevant literature.
Ribes alpinum Linnaeus 1753
Creators: name: Jarvis, Charlie
Publisher: name: Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Saxifragales
Grossulariaceae
Ribes
Ribes alpinum

description: Ribes alpinum Linnaeus, Species Plantarum 1: 200. 1753.
"Habitat in Sueciae, Helvetiae, Angliae sepibus siccis." RCN: 1628.
Lectotype (Imkhanitskaya in Bot. Zhurn. 84(1): 120. 1999): Herb. Linn. No. 278.3 (LINN).
Current name: Ribes alpinum L. (Grossulariaceae).
description: Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part R), pp. 785-805 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 795, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971