Parandra (Tavandra) santossilvai Lingafelter & Tishechkin, new species
Creators: name: Lingafelter, Steven W.
name: Tishechkin, Alexey K.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Cerambycidae
Parandra
Parandra santossilvai

description: Parandra (Tavandra) santossilvai Lingafelter & Tishechkin, new species
(Figs. 1–2)
Description. Male (Figs. 1 a–g). Color generally piceous with some areas including vertex of head, most of venter, tarsi, palpi, and antennomeres, dark reddish-brown. Body length (end of elytra to base of mandibles) = 23.5 mm; body width (at humeri) = 6.5 mm. Width of head including eyes slightly broader than pronotum at anterior angles. Mandibles (Fig. 1 f) pronounced and sickle-shaped; finely and sparsely punctate, punctures smaller than those on disc of head; apices bifurcate, with three or four small teeth along inner curvature, the largest at approximately apical third. Length of mandible greater than length of head (left mandible = 4.3 mm, right mandible = 3.8 mm). Dorsal surface of head mostly flat with a shallow median longitudinal sulcus. Finely and sparsely punctured along anterior margin, punctation becoming denser and deeper at sides, around eye lobes, and along posterior margin and occiput; most punctures of head larger, deeper, and denser than those of mandibles and pronotum. Punctures very large, deep, and contiguous across anterior half of hypostoma and gula from between posterior eye margin to just before anterior eye margin; sides of punctate region of hypostoma demarcated by distinct, raised carina. Anterolateral region of gula merging with gena and extending as a lobe on either side by almost half the length of gula. Clypeus with abrupt, narrow, truncate projection medially. Eye (Figs. 1 f–g) pyriform, less than twice as long as wide, strongly protuberant laterally (intraocular distance 6.7 mm) with posterior ocular edge very distinct. Antenna (Figs. 1 c–d) 11-segmented; 3–10 subequal in length; 5–10 with apicoventral projections (largest on 6–8); ventral sensory regions pronounced and divided by pronounced, median longitudinal carina on segments 3–11. Antennal pubescence sparse, longer and more concentrated at apex of most antennomeres.
Pronotum (Fig. 1 a) somewhat flattened, maximum width at anterior two-thirds, equal to elytral width at humeri but slightly narrower than head width at eyes, then narrowing markedly on posterior one-third. Pronotal length = 5.0 mm; pronotal width = 6.5 mm. Lateral margins complete and demarcated, but not visible from dorsal view for small region at approximately anterior one-third. Lateral margin continuous with posterior margin in even curvature around posterolateral regions which are not projecting. Pronotal margin not well delineated anteriorly at middle. Pronotal disc with very fine, shallow, widely separate punctures, much smaller than those on head and subequal in size and distribution to those on elytra. Elytra (Fig. 1 a) parallel-sided to near apex and then rounded to suture. Elytron 2.26 X longer than wide; elytral length = 14.7 mm; elytral width = 6.5 mm. Sparse, fine, shallow punctures, similar in size and distribution to those of pronotum, scattered throughout surface. Margin delineated and visible from dorsal view except for small area around slightly projecting humeri. Prosternum (Fig. 1 b) very sparsely punctate, glabrous, with protuberant but rounded intercoxal process extending beyond procoxae, and with dorsolateral extensions that completely close the procoxal cavities posteriorly. Prosternal intercoxal process 1.5X wider than mesosternal intercoxal process (Fig. 1 b). Mesosternum with moderate, fine pubescence anterior to mesocoxae. Metasternum almost half length of elytron and slightly shorter than abdomen, glabrous except for anterolateral portion adjacent to mesocoxae and metepisterna. Metepisternum (Fig. 1 g) with scattered, appressed setae throughout, denser than on remainder of venter; sparsely, finely punctate, but much more densely than on adjacent metasternum. Ventrites (Fig. 1 b) 1–4 heavily punctate at sides and ventrite 5 punctate throughout. Ventrite 5, 1.3X length of ventrite 4, broadly rounded at apex. Parameres broad, separate, apically rounded and pubescent with golden setae. Femora (Figs. 1 b, g) nearly glabrous and very sparsely, shallowly punctate; each slightly shorter than and 1.75X the greatest width of the associated tibia. Tibiae sparsely, shallowly punctate and nearly glabrous with setae primarily on ventral margin and apex; over three times as wide at apex as at base; with complete, or nearly complete median carina on anterior face (nearly straight on pro- and metatibia; sinuate on mesotibia); apices each with two ventral spurs and one dorsal spine. Each tarsus approximately the length of its associated tibia; tarsomere 5 slightly longer than 1–4 combined on each tarsus.
Female (Figs. 2 a–g) with proportions, coloration, punctation, and pubescence similar to male with differences noted as follows: overall size slightly shorter but as broad as male (body length = 22.2 mm; body width = 6.5 mm). Head less robust, width including eyes slightly narrower than that of pronotum at anterior angles. Punctation less pronounced around eyes than in male (Fig. 2 f). Eyes less projecting than in male and slightly smaller. Mandible (Fig. 2 f) subtriangular, not sickle-shaped as in male; much shorter than in male (left mandible = 2.3 mm; right mandible = 2.0 mm); equal to two thirds length of head; more coarsely punctured than in male, punctures approximately the same size and distribution as on head; apex not bifurcate as in male; with three adjacent teeth at apical third. Pronotum (Fig. 2 a) similar to male, slightly shorter (4.7 mm) and narrower (6.3 mm), with an indistinct, oval depression on either side of disc just behind midline. Punctation of gula/hypostoma (Fig. 2 b) much reduced compared to male, with punctures smaller and more sparsely distributed. Gular-genal margins less pronounced and projecting anteriorly by less than one-fourth length of punctate gular region. Terminal ventrite and tergite densely fringed with short, golden pubescence. Ovipositor (Fig. 2 e) highly sclerotized with three dorsally projecting teeth increasing in length posteriorly; lateral face rugose.
Discussion. This new species is in the genus Parandra based on the distinctly closed procoxal cavities (Santos-Silva & Martins, 2010). The strongly projecting eyes and hypostoma with distinct raised, lateral carinae place this species in the subgenus Tavandra, although it superficially resembles a species in the subgenus Hesperandra, also from Bolivia (Yungas de Totora, 2100 m), Parandra (Hesperandra) conspicua (Tippmann, 1960) (Fig. 5). Santos-Silva and Martins (2010) characterize the subgenus Hesperandra as lacking a hypostomal carina, thus distinguishing it from the subgenus Tavandra.
Using the key of Santos-Silva and Martins (2010), the following character states place this new species in couplet 5 with Parandra (Tavandra) brevicollis Lameere and Parandra (Tavandra) villei Lameere: metepisternum distinctly pubescent; metasternum with pubescence more sparse than on metepisternum and concentrated only around the mesocoxae. It is most similar to P. (T.) villei due to the relatively more slender body, very fine but distinct elytral punctures, and labrum with an acute medial process. To modify the existing key, a new couplet is presented (5a) and the original couplet 5 from Santos-Silva & Martins (2010) is translated as (5b):
5a. Color reddish-brown over most of dorsal surface; anterior genal projections weak, less than one-third length of punctate region of hypostoma........................................................................................ 5b 5a’. Color piceous over most of dorsal surface; anterior genal projections at least one-third length of punctate region of hypostoma........................................ Parandra (Tavandra) santossilvai Lingafelter & Tishechkin, new species 5b. Body robust; elytral punctation extremely fine and inconspicuous microscopic; apex of labrum truncate (Ecuador)............................................................................ Parandra (Tavandra) brevicollis Lameere 5b’. Body not robust; elytral punctation very fine with distinct pores; apex of labrum acute (Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru)........................................................................ Parandra (T avandra) villei Lameere
Etymology. It is our pleasure to name this species in honor of Antonio Santos-Silva, among the most productive and generous cerambycid workers. In particular, Antonio has made tremendous contributions toward the knowledge of Parandrinae, and we are pleased to acknowledge his efforts with this patronym.
Type material. Holotype male: " Bolivia: Dept. Santa Cruz, Prov. Florida, Vicoquin Area above Achira, rd to Amboro, 18°07'S, 63°47'W, 2000m, 5–6 Feb. 2013. UV/MV lights, Lingafelter, Wappes, Garzon " (USNM). Paratype female: " Bolivia, S. Cruz Dept., Achira area, N. rd to Amboro on Achira ridge, 18°09'S, 63°48'W, Wappes, Bonaso, Lingafelter, Garzon" (ACMT).
description: Published as part of Lingafelter, Steven W. & Tishechkin, Alexey K., 2017, Two new species of Parandrinae (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) in the genera Parandra and Acutandra from South America, pp. 401-410 in Zootaxa 4272 (3) on pages 403-406, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4272.3.5, http://zenodo.org/record/892474