cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A new angle for probing field-aligned irregularities with the Murchison Widefield Array
Creators: name: Loi, Shyeh Tjing
name: Murphy, Tara
name: Cairns, Iver H.
name: Trott, Cathryn M.
name: Hurley-Walker, Natasha
name: Feng, Lu
name: Hancock, Paul J.
name: Kaplan, David L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electron density irregularities in the ionosphere are known to be magnetically anisotropic, preferentially elongated along the lines of force. While many studies of their morphology have been undertaken by topside sounding and whistler measurements, it is only recently that detailed regional-scale reconstructions have become possible, enabled by the advent of widefield radio telescopes. Here we present a new approach for visualising and studying field-aligned irregularities (FAIs), which involves transforming interferometric measurements of TEC gradients onto a magnetic shell tangent plane. This removes the perspective distortion associated with the oblique viewing angle of the irregularities from the ground, facilitating the decomposition of dynamics along and across magnetic field lines. We apply this transformation to the dataset of Loi et al. [2015a], obtained on 15 October 2013 by the Murchison Widefield Array (MWA) radio telescope and displaying prominent FAIs. We study these FAIs in the new reference frame, quantifying field-aligned and field-transverse behaviour, examining time and altitude dependencies, and extending the analysis to FAIs on sub-array scales. We show that the inclination of the plane can be derived solely from the data, and verify that the best-fit value is consistent with the known magnetic inclination. The ability of the model to concentrate the fluctuations along a single spatial direction may find practical application to future calibration strategies for widefield interferometry, by providing a compact representation of FAI-induced distortions.
description: 23 pages, 14 figures, accepted for publication in Radio Science
Domain level ontology design: DISO and MDMC-NEP Provenance
Creators: name: Ihsan, Ahmad Zainul
name: Fathalla, Said
name: Aversa, Rossella
name: Jalali, Mehrdad
name: Panighel, Mirco
name: Osmenaj, Elda
name: Hofmann, Volker
name: Sandfeld, Stefan
Publisher: name: Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT)
Year: 2022
Subjects: Ontology
MDMC
NEP

description: How can a computer understand the relations of data or objects from the real world? Ontologies are semantic artifacts that capture knowledge about their domain of interest in a machine-understandable form. The main goal of developing ontologies is to formalize concepts and their relations through which humans express meaning and to use them as a communication interface to machines. Thus, ontology development is an important step towards generating linked and FAIR data. Within HMC we support and co-develop domain and application-level ontologies. Here we present two developments: Dislocation Ontology (DISO) and Model and Data-Driven Materials Characterization Provenance (MDMC-PROV). DISO: An important class of materials is crystalline materials, e.g., metals and semiconductors, which nearly always contain defects, the “dislocations”. This type of defect determines many important material properties, e.g., strength and ductility. Over the past years, significant effort has been put into understanding dislocation behavior across different length scales via experimental characterization techniques and simulations. However, there is still a lack of common standards to formally describe and represent disclocations. Thus, in this work we develop the dislocation ontology (DISO), which is a domain ontology that defines the concepts and relationships related to linear defects in crystalline materials. DISO is published [1] through a persistent URL following W3C best practices for publishing Linked data. MDMC-Prov: The rapid development of science and technology in everyday large data generation does not match the data understanding. These days, understanding how experiments are performed and results are derived become more complex due to a lack of provenance documentation. Therefore, the provenance must be tracked, described, and managed over the research process. Thus, in this work, we report an application ontology that can capture provenance information in materials science experiments. The ontology is based on the MDMC glossary [2], which defines the common terms in the materials science experiments. From each term, we map to PROV-O [3]. These ensure the validity, reproducibility, and reusability of the data. [1] https://purls.helmholtz-metadaten.de/diso [2] https://jl-mdmc-helmholtz.de [3] https://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-primer-20130430/
Traversable holographic dark energy wormholes constrained by astronomical observations
Creators: name: Wang, Deng
name: Meng, Xin-he
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this letter, we investigate the traversable wormholes in the holographic dark energy (HDE) model constrained by the modern astronomical observations. First of all, we constrain the HDE model by adopting different data-sets, explore the cosmological background evolution of the HDE model, and find that the HDE model will be fitting better than the Ricci dark energy (RDE) model for the same SNe Ia data-sets by using the the so-called Akaike Information Criterions (AIC) and Bayesian Information Criterions (BIC) . Furthermore, we discover that if taking the SNe Ia data-sets, the wormholes will appear (open) when the redshift $z<0.027$. Subsequently, several specific traversable wormhole solutions are obtained, including the constant redshift function, traceless stress energy tensor, a special choice for the shape function as well as the case of isotropic pressure. Except for the first case, it is very necessary to theoretically construct the traversable wormholes by matching the exterior geometries to the interior geometries. Naturally, one can easily find that the dimensions of the wormholes for the left cases are substantially finite.
Supplementary data on Streptococcus Isolates Characterization
Creators: name: Isawumi, Abiola
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 320211
subject: Infectious diseases
classificationCode: 310702
subject: Infectious agents
classificationCode: 310701
subject: Bacteriology
classificationCode: 310703
subject: Microbial ecology
classificationCode: 310799
subject: Microbiology not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 420203
subject: Environmental epidemiology
classificationCode: 420207
subject: Major global burdens of disease
classificationCode: 420699
subject: Public health not elsewhere classified

description: Data supporting isolation, identification and characterization of Streptococcus spp. resident on nose masks
Formal-dual subsets of cyclic groups of prime power order
Creators: name: Schüler, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: primary: 20K01, secondary: 11L03, 11H31, 05B40, 52C17

description: We study the notion of formal-duality over finite cyclic groups of prime power order as introduced by Cohn, Kumar, Reiher and Schürmann. We will prove that for any cyclic group of odd prime power order, as well as for any cyclic group of order $2^{2l+1}$, there is no primitive pair of formally-dual subsets. This partially proves a conjecture, made by the priorly mentioned authors, that the only cyclic groups with a pair of primitive formally-dual subsets are $\{0\}$ and $\mathbb{Z}/4\mathbb{Z}$.
description: 13 pages
Chemical Identification in Materials Informatics
Creators: name: Kroenlein, Ken
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Webinar, FAIR, Cheminformatics, Chemical Data

description: This is a flash presentation highlighting working with material science data. It was presented at the “The IUPAC WorldFAIR Chemistry Webinar “What is a chemical? - Handling Chemical Data Across Disciplines”. The event was held on September 22, 2022, 12-1:30 pm EDT. The recording of the full webinar is available here. *WorldFAIR “Global cooperation on FAIR data policy and practice” is funded by the EC HORIZON-WIDERA-2021-ERA-01-41 Coordination and Support Action under Grant Agreement No. 101058393.
Vortex pinning and dynamics in high performance Sr0.6K0.4Fe2As2 superconductor
Creators: name: Dong, Chiheng
name: Lin, He
name: Huang, He
name: Yao, Chao
name: Zhang, Xianping
name: Wang, Dongliang
name: Zhang, Qianjun
name: Ma, Yanwei
name: Awaji, Satoshi
name: Watanabe, Kazuo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have studied vortex pinning and dynamics in a Sr0.6K0.4Fe2As2 superconducting tape with critical current density Jc~0.1 MA/cm2 at 4.2 K and 10 T. It is found that grain boundary pinning is dominant in the vortex pinning mechanism. Furthermore, we observe large density of dislocations which can also serve as effective pinning centers. We find that the temperature dependence of critical current density is in agreement with the model of vortices pinned via spatial fluctuation of charge carrier mean free path. Magnetic relaxation measurement indicates that the magnetization depends on time in a logarithmic way. The relaxation rate in the low and intermediate temperature region is small, and it exhibits a weak temperature and field dependence. A crossover from elastic creep to plastic creep regime is observed. Finally, we conclude a vortex phase diagram for the high performance Sr0.6K0.4Fe2As2 superconducting tape.
description: 19 pages, 4 figures
On the accuracy of surface hopping dynamics in condensed phase non-adiabatic problems
Creators: name: Chen, Hsing-Ta
name: Reichman, David R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform extensive benchmark comparisons of surface hopping dynamics with numerically exact calculations for the spin-boson model over a wide range of energetic and coupling parameters as well as temperature. We find that deviations from golden-rule scaling in the Marcus regime are generally small and depend sensitively on the energetic bias between electronic states. Fewest switched surface hopping (FSSH) is found to be surprisingly accurate over a large swath of parameter space. The inclusion of decoherence corrections via the augmented FSSH (A-FSSH) algorithm improves the accuracy of dynamical behavior compared to exact simulations, but the effects are generally not dramatic, at least for the case of an environment modeled with the commonly used Debye spectral density.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures
On the Origin of the Charge-Asymmetric Matter. II. Localized Dirac Waveforms
Creators: name: Makhlin, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper continues the author's work \cite{PartI}, where a new framework of the matter-induced physical geometry was built and an intrinsic nonlinearity of the Dirac equation discovered. Here, the nonlinear Dirac equation is solved and the localized configurations are found analytically. Of the two possible types of the potentially stationary localized configurations of the Dirac field, only one is stable with respect to the action of an external field and it corresponds to a positive charge. A connection with the global charge asymmetry of matter in the Universe and with the recently observed excess of the cosmic positrons is discussed.
description: 18 pages, published in Journal of Modern Physics, (2016) v.7, No.7. pp.662-669
Uncertainty handling in multi-attribute decision support for industrial risk management
Creators: name: Bertsch, Valentin
Publisher: name: KIT Scientific Publishing
Year: 2008
Subjects: Multikriterielle Entscheidungsfindung
Industrielles Risikomanagement
Technikbewertung
Entscheidung bei Unsicherheit
Entscheidungsunterstützung

description: The complexity of today's industrial production networks constitutes a new challenge for industrial risk and safety management. In order to handle potential risks to and emanating from industry and their respective impact on mankind as well as the environment, an integrated approach to industrial risk management is needed, since complex decision situations need to be resolved requiring input from diverse scientific disciplines and the consideration of various often conflicting criteria. Providing the basis for the evaluation of such conflicting criteria and for bringing together existing knowledge from different disciplines, approaches from Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) can be very helpful to resolve the complexity of the occurring decision situations. 

In order to address the various types of uncertainty, which may arise in a decision making process in industrial risk management, a framework for uncertainty handling is proposed. On the basis of a structured uncertainty classification, methods based on Monte Carlo simulation can be used for a consistent modelling, propagation and visualisation of the different types of uncertainty. Special focus is put on approaches that allow to explicitly illustrate the spread, i.e. the ranges in which the Multi-Attribute Decision Making (MADM) results can vary in consequence of the uncertainties.
IO1 - The School as Driver Of Change – 21st Century Learning for the New Young Students
Creators: name: Montero, Calkin Suero
name: Bunikowska, Joana
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: students' agency, teachers' agency, school as change driver

description: The School as Driver of Change – 21st Century Learning for the New Young Student document outcome is a comprehensive guidance pack for secondary schools and teachers. The aim is to guide interested schools in their journey towards taking steps to offer the young students open schooling learning practices in the form of schools and students as community change agents. The Guide has been created as an interactive book showcasing a variety of topics supporting schools to become change drivers in their local communities including building, facilitating and sustaining school – community collaboration, maximising students’ strengths and agency, highlighting the core characteristics of agentic teachers and how to acquire them as well as 10 scenarios collected from the practical implementations of the project activities in the local communities of the participating schools in Finland, Greece, Lithuania, Romania and Turkey. Pictures, graphics and videos are also embedded in the book. The Guide was created using Kotobee software, therefore, for the best interactive experience, we recommend downloading and installing the free Kotobee Reader from the following link: https://www.kotobee.com/en/products/reader
description: Co-funded by the European Commission under ERASMUS+ Programme, project reference number 2020-1-FI01-KA201-066468
Neural Networks for Partially Linear Quantile Regression
Creators: name: Zhong, Qixian
name: Wang, Jane-Ling
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Deep learning has enjoyed tremendous success in a variety of applications but its application to quantile regression remains scarce. A major advantage of the deep learning approach is its flexibility to model complex data in a more parsimonious way than nonparametric smoothing methods. However, while deep learning brought breakthroughs in prediction, it is not well suited for statistical inference due to its black box nature. In this article, we leverage the advantages of deep learning and apply it to quantile regression where the goal is to produce interpretable results and perform statistical inference. We achieve this by adopting a semiparametric approach based on the partially linear quantile regression model, where covariates of primary interest for statistical inference are modeled linearly and all other covariates are modeled nonparametrically by means of a deep neural network. In addition to the new methodology, we provide theoretical justification for the proposed model by establishing the root-n consistency and asymptotically normality of the parametric coefficient estimator and the minimax optimal convergence rate of the neural nonparametric function estimator. Across several simulated and real data examples, the proposed model empirically produces superior estimates and more accurate predictions than various alternative approaches.
Criteria for the density of the graph of the entropy map restricted to ergodic states
Creators: name: Comman, Henri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider a non-uniquely ergodic dynamical system given by a $\mathbb{Z}^{l}$-action (or $(\N\cup\{0\})^l$-action) $τ$ on a non-empty compact metrisable space $Ω$, for some $l\in\N$. Let (D) denote the following property: The graph of the restriction of the entropy map $h^τ$ to the set of ergodic states is dense in the graph of $h^τ$. We assume that $h^τ$ is finite and upper semi-continuous. We give several criteria in order that (D) holds, each of which is stated in terms of a basic notion: Gateaux differentiability of the pressure map $P^τ$ on some sets dense in the space $C(Ω)$ of real-valued continuous functions on $Ω$, level-2 large deviation principle, level-1 large deviation principle, convexity properties of some maps on $\R^n$ for all $n\in\N$. The one involving the Gateaux differentiability of $P^τ$ is of particular relevance in the context of large deviations since it establishes a clear comparison with another well-known sufficient condition: We show that for each non-empty $σ$-compact subset $Σ$ of $C(Ω)$, (D) is equivalent to the existence of an infinite dimensional vector space $V$ dense in $C(Ω)$ such that $f+g$ has a unique equilibrium state for all $(f,g)\in Σ\times V\setminus\{0\}$; any Schauder basis $(f_n)$ of $C(Ω)$ whose linear span contains $Σ$ admits an arbitrary small perturbation $(h_n)$ so that one can take $V=\textnormal{span}(\{f_n+h_n: n\in\N\})$. Taking $Σ=\{0\}$, the existence of an infinite dimensional vector space dense in $C(Ω)$ constituted by functions admitting a unique equilibrium state is equivalent to (D) together with the uniqueness of measure of maximal entropy.
description: 29 pages; to appear in Ergodic Theory and Dynamical Systems
Connecting Three Pivotal Concepts in K-12 Science State Standards and Maps of Conceptual Growth to Research in Physics Education
Creators: name: Singh, Chandralekha
name: Schunn, Christian D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper describes three conceptual areas in physics that are particularly important targets for educational interventions in K-12 science. These conceptual areas are force and motion, conservation of energy, and geometrical optics, which were prominent in the US national and four US state standards that we examined. The four US state standards that were analyzed to explore the extent to which the K-12 science standards differ in different states were selected to include states in different geographic regions and of different sizes. The three conceptual areas that were common to all the four state standards are conceptual building blocks for other science concepts covered in the K-12 curriculum. Since these three areas have been found to be ripe with deep student misconceptions that are resilient to conventional physics instruction, the nature of difficulties in these areas is described in some depth, along with pointers towards approaches that have met with some success in each conceptual area.
description: 27 pages, Keywords: Physics education research, Teaching, learning, pedagogy, Teacher preparation, k-12 education, force and motion, energy, optics, see http://www2.phy.ilstu.edu/~wenning/jpteo/issues/aut2009.html
Codeword Stabilized Quantum Codes for Asymmetric Channels
Creators: name: Jackson, Tyler
name: Grassl, Markus
name: Zeng, Bei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss a method to adapt the codeword stabilized (CWS) quantum code framework to the problem of finding asymmetric quantum codes. We focus on the corresponding Pauli error models for amplitude damping noise and phase damping noise. In particular, we look at codes for Pauli error models that correct one or two amplitude damping errors. Applying local Clifford operations on graph states, we are able to exhaustively search for all possible codes up to length $9$. With a similar method, we also look at codes for the Pauli error model that detect a single amplitude error and detect multiple phase damping errors. Many new codes with good parameters are found, including nonadditive codes and degenerate codes.
description: 5 pages
Decoherence wave in magnetic systems and creation of Néel antiferromagnetic state by measurement
Creators: name: Donker, H. C.
name: De Raedt, H.
name: Katsnelson, M. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The interplay between the singlet ground state of the antiferromagnetic Heisenberg model and the experimentally measured Néel state of antiferromagnets is studied. To verify the hypothesis [M. I. Katsnelson et al., Phys. Rev. B 63, 212404 (2001)] that the latter can be considered to be a result of local measurements destroying the entanglement of the quantum ground state, we have performed systematic simulations of the effects of von Neumannmeasurements for the case of a one-dimensional antiferromagnetic spin-1/2 system for various types and degrees of magnetic anisotropies. It is found that in the ground state, a magnetization measurement can create decoherence waves [M. I. Katsnelson et al. Phys. Rev. A 62, 022118 (2000)] in the magnetic sublattices, and that a symmetry breaking anisotropy does not lead to alignment of the spins in a particular direction. However, for an easy-axis anisotropy of the same order magnitude as the exchange constant, a measurement on the singlet ground state can create Néel-ordering in finite systems of experimentally accessible size.
Surveying Instructors' Attitudes and Approaches to Teaching Quantum Mechanics
Creators: name: Siddiqui, Shabnam
name: Singh, Chandralekha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Understanding instructor attitudes and approaches to teaching quantum mechanics can be helpful in developing research-based learning tools. Here we discuss the findings from a survey in which 13 instructors reflected on issues related to quantum mechanics teaching. Topics included opinions about the goals of a quantum mechanics course, general challenges in teaching the subject, student preparation for the course, comparison between their own learning of quantum mechanics vs. how they teach it and the extent to which contemporary topics are incorporated into the syllabus.
description: 4 pages, Keywords: Physics Education Research, Teaching, Learning, Pedagogy, Instructor attitudes and approaches, student difficulties, quantum mechanics, quantum physics
The effect of epigenetic modification on the generation of pluripotent and reprogrammed somatic cells
Creators: name: Lim., Mei Ling
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Energy-Efficient Time Synchronization Based on Asynchronous Source Clock Frequency Recovery and Reverse Two-Way Message Exchanges in Wireless Sensor Networks
Creators: name: Kim, Kyeong Soo
name: Lee, Sanghyuk
name: Lim, Eng Gee
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We consider energy-efficient time synchronization in a wireless sensor network where a head node (i.e., a gateway between wired and wireless networks and a center of data fusion) is equipped with a powerful processor and supplied power from outlet, and sensor nodes (i.e., nodes measuring data and connected only through wireless channels) are limited in processing and battery-powered. It is this asymmetry that our study focuses on; unlike most existing schemes to save the power of all network nodes, we concentrate on battery-powered sensor nodes in minimizing energy consumption for time synchronization. We present a time synchronization scheme based on asynchronous source clock frequency recovery and reverse two-way message exchanges combined with measurement data report messages, where we minimize the number of message transmissions from sensor nodes, and carry out the performance analysis of the estimation of both measurement time and clock frequency with lower bounds for the latter. Simulation results verify that the proposed scheme outperforms the schemes based on conventional two-way message exchanges with and without clock frequency recovery in terms of the accuracy of measurement time estimation and the number of message transmissions and receptions at sensor nodes as an indirect measure of energy efficiency.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures, submitted to IEEE Transactions on Communications
Calderón's problem for p-Laplace type equations
Creators: name: Brander, Tommi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35R30 (Primary) 35J92, 35R05, 35D30, 35Q60, 35Q79, 35J20, 35J25, 35H99, 35A15, 35A01, 35A02, 80A23 (Secondary)

description: We investigate a generalization of Calderón's problem of recovering the conductivity coefficient in a conductivity equation from boundary measurements. As a model equation we consider the p-conductivity equation with p strictly between one and infinity, which reduces to the standard conductivity equation when p equals two, and to the p-Laplace equation when the conductivity is constant. The thesis consists of results on the direct problem, boundary determination and detecting inclusions. We formulate the equation as a variational problem also when the conductivity may be zero or infinity in large sets. As a boundary determination result we recover the first order derivative of a smooth conductivity on the boundary. We use the enclosure method of Ikehata to recover the convex hull of an inclusion of finite conductivity and find an upper bound for the convex hull if the conductivity within an inclusion is zero or infinite.
description: PhD thesis, two included articles that have been published are omitted. For the version with all the included articles see http://urn.fi/URN:ISBN:978-951-39-6576-1, Reports of University of Jyv\"askyl\"a. Department of Mathematics and Statistics 155. 2016
Supersymmetric chameleons and ultra-local models
Creators: name: Brax, Philippe
name: Rizzo, Luca Alberto
name: Valageas, Patrick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Super-chameleon models where all types of matter belong to three secluded sectors, i.e. the dark, supersymmetry breaking and matter sectors, are shown to be dynamically equivalent to ultra-local models of modified gravity. In the dark sector, comprising both dark matter and dark energy, the interaction range between the dark energy field and dark matter is constrained to be extremely short, i.e. shorter than the inverse gravitino mass set by supersymmetry breaking. This realises an extreme version of chameleon screening of the dark energy interaction. On the other hand, the baryonic matter sector decouples from the dark energy in a Damour-Polyakov way. These two mechanisms preclude the existence of any modification of gravity locally in the Solar System due to the presence of the super-chameleon field. On larger scales, the super-chameleon can have effects on the growth of structure and the number of dark matter halos. It can also affect the dynamics of galaxies where the fifth force interaction that it induces can have the same order of magnitude as Newton's interaction.
description: 23 pages, 14 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1605.02938
Multifield dynamics of supersymmetric Higgs inflation in SU(5) GUT
Creators: name: Kawai, Shinsuke
name: Kim, Jinsu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the Higgs inflation model realized in the supersymmetric SU(5) grand unified theory (GUT), focusing on its multifield dynamics and prediction of cosmological observables. The requirement for GUT symmetry breaking during inflation imposes tight constraints on the model parameters. We find, nevertheless, with an appropriately chosen noncanonical Kahler potential the model is in excellent agreement with the present cosmological observation. The effects from multifield dynamics is found to be minor and thus, unlike other similar supersymmetric implementation of nonminimally coupled Higgs inflation, the prediction of this model is robust against multifield ambiguities.
description: 16 pages, revtex4.1, 8 figures
A quantum router for high-dimensional entanglement
Creators: name: Erhard, Manuel
name: Malik, Mehul
name: Zeilinger, Anton
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In addition to being a workhorse for modern quantum technologies, entanglement plays a key role in fundamental tests of quantum mechanics. The entanglement of photons in multiple levels, or dimensions, explores the limits of how large an entangled state can be, while also greatly expanding its applications in quantum information. Here we show how a high-dimensional quantum state of two photons entangled in their orbital angular momentum can be split into two entangled states with a smaller dimensionality structure. Our work demonstrates that entanglement is a quantum property that can be subdivided into spatially separated parts. In addition, our technique has vast potential applications in quantum as well as classical communication systems.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
Quantization of Conductance Minimum and Index Theorem
Creators: name: Ikegaya, Satoshi
name: Suzuki, Shu-Ichiro
name: Tanaka, Yukio
name: Asano, Yasuhiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the minimum value of the zero-bias differential conductance $G_{\textrm{min}}$ in a junction consisting of a normal metal and a nodal superconductor preserving time-reversal symmetry. Using the quasiclassical Green function method, we show that $G_{\textrm{min}}$ is quantized at $ (4e^2/h) N_{\mathrm{ZES}}$ in the limit of strong impurity scatterings in the normal metal. The integer $N_{\mathrm{ZES}}$ represents the number of perfect transmission channels through the junction. An analysis of the chiral symmetry of the Hamiltonian indicates that $N_{\mathrm{ZES}}$ corresponds to the Atiyah-Singer index in mathematics.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure
Urban Data Mining : Operationalisierung der Strukturerkennung und Strukturbildung von Ähnlichkeitsmustern über die gebaute Umwelt [mit CD]
Creators: name: Behnisch, Martin
Publisher: name: KIT Scientific Publishing
Year: 2008
Subjects: Data Mining
GIS
Clusteranalyse
Regionalwissenschaft
Gebäudebestand

description: Durch den schnellen Fortschritt in der Informationstechnologie und das rapide Anwachsen raumbezogener Daten steigen die Anforderungen an Systeme, die Wissen aus diesen Daten extrahieren und darstellen. "Urban Data Mining" wird als Methodik zur Problemlösung verstanden, um logische oder mathematische, zum Teil komplexe Beschreibungen von Mustern und Regelmäßigkeiten in Datensätzen zu entdecken. Auf der Grundlage von bestehenden Methoden des Data Mining und der Knowledge Discovery wird ein für die Stadt- und Regionalforschung strukturiertes methodisches Arbeitskonzept erarbeitet und am deutschen Gemeindesystem empirisch-analytisch vorgestellt. Neben Methoden, die eine kritische Bestandsaufnahme und Auseinandersetzung mit vorhandenen räumlichen Eigenschaften und Entwicklungstendenzen ermöglichen, werden Vorgehensweisen gesucht, die sich eignen, bereits vorhandene Informationen oder Erkenntnisse auf weitere Objekte zu übertragen.
The Driven Liouville von Neumann Equation in Lindblad Form
Creators: name: Hod, Oded
name: Rodríguez-Rosario, César A.
name: Zelovich, Tamar
name: Frauenheim, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Driven Liouville von Neumann approach [J. Chem. Theory Comput. 10, 2927-2941 (2014)] is a computationally efficient simulation method for modeling electron dynamics in molecular electronics junctions. Previous numerical simulations have shown that the method can reproduce the exact single-particle dynamics while avoiding density matrix positivity violation found in earlier implementations. In this study we prove that, in the limit of infinite lead models, the underlying equation of motion can be cast in Lindblad form. This provides a formal justification for the positivity and trace preservation obtained numerically.
description: 16 pages, 3 figures
Efficiency enhancement of a harmonic lasing free-electron laser
Creators: name: Salehi, Elham
name: Maraghechi, Behrouz
name: Mirian, Najmeh Sadat
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The harmonic lasing free-electron laser amplifier, in which two wigglers is employed in order for the fundamental resonance of the second wiggler to coincide with the third harmonic of the first wiggler to generate ultraviolet radiation, is studied. A set of coupled nonlinear first-order differential equations describing the nonlinear evolution of the system, for a long electron bunch, is solved numerically by CYRUS code. Solutions for the non-averaged and averaged equations are compared. Remarkable agreement is found between the averaged and non-averaged simulation for the evolution of the third harmonic. Thermal effects in the form of longitudinal velocity spread are also investigated. For efficiency enhancement, the second wiggler field is set to decrease linearly and nonlinearly at the point where the radiation of the third harmonic saturates. The optimum starting point and the slope of the tapering of the amplitude of the wiggler are found by a successive run of the code. It is found that tapering can increase the saturated power of the third harmonic considerably. In order to reduce the length of the wiggler, the prebunched electron beam is considered.
description: 29 pages, 12 figures
From the “first” to the “second” feminism in Latin America.
Creators: name: Potthast, Barbara
Publisher: name: Leipziger Universitätsverlag
Year: 2008

description: In Lateinamerika – ebenso wie in Europa und den USA – können wir grob zwischen zwei feministischen Wellen unterscheiden: eine zu Beginn, die andere gegen Ende des 20. Jahrhunderts. Das Hauptziel des Aufsatzes ist es, die verschiedenartigen Kontinuitäten und den Wandel zu erklären, sowohl im Hinblick auf die Methoden, mit denen Frauen versuchten eine Anerkennung ihrer staatsbürgerlichen und zivilen Rechte zu erreichen als auch im Hinblick auf weiter gehende Forderungen. Der Beitrag beginnt mit einer kurzen Beschreibung der ersten Feministinnen sowie ihren allgemeinen Zielen und zeigt einige Beispiele auf. Anschließend behandelt der Artikel die Diskussion eines zweiten, „neuen“ Feminismus, der Mitte der 970er Jahre ihren Anfang nahm. Abschließend verweist der Beitrag auf die großen Kontinuitäten und den Wandel, die sich zwischen den beiden Bewegungen ausmachen lassen.
description: Comparativ, Vol 18 No 5 (2008): Social and Political Aspects of Contemporary Latin America
Magnetoelectroluminescence in organic light emitting diodes
Creators: name: Lawrence, Joseph E.
name: Lewis, Alan M.
name: Manolopoulos, David E.
name: Hore, P. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The magnetoelectroluminescence of conjugated organic polymer films is widely accepted to arise from a polaron pair mechanism, but their magnetoconductance is less well understood. Here we derive a new relationship between the experimentally measurable magnetoelectroluminescence and magnetoconductance and the theoretically calculable singlet yield of the polaron pair recombination reaction. This relationship is expected to be valid regardless of the mechanism of the magnetoconductance, provided the mobilities of the free polarons are independent of the applied magnetic field (i.e., provided one discounts the possibility of spin-dependent transport). We also discuss the semiclassical calculation of the singlet yield of the polaron pair recombination reaction for materials such as poly(2,5-dioctyloxy-paraphenylene vinylene) (DOO-PPV), the hyperfine fields in the polarons of which can be extracted from light-induced electron spin resonance measurements. The resulting theory is shown to give good agreement with experimental data for both normal (H-) and deuterated (D-) DOO-PPV over a wide range of magnetic field strengths once singlet-triplet dephasing is taken into account. Without this effect, which has not been included in any previous simulation of magnetoelectroluminescence, it is not possible to reproduce the experimental data for both isotopologues in a consistent fashion. Our results also indicate that the magnetoconductance of DOO-PPV cannot be solely due to the effect of the magnetic field on the dissociation of polaron pairs.
German and European aspects of a Latin America policy for the future –
Creators: name: Annen, Niels
Publisher: name: Leipziger Universitätsverlag
Year: 2008

description: Lateinamerika erfreute sich seit dem Ende des Kalten Krieges wenig politischer Aufmerksamkeit. Dies zeigt sich ebenso in der deutschen Außenpolitik: Deutsche Parlamentarier und Regierungsmitglieder verwendeten nur begrenzte Zeit auf lateinamerikanische Angelegenheiten in den vergangenen Jahren. Der Aufsatz bietet einige Einsichten in parlamentarische Verfahren mit Bezug zu Lateinamerika und bezüglich der Beschränkungen und Herausforderungen für den Einfluss des Parlaments. Der Artikel stellt Gebiete intensivierter künftiger Zusammenarbeit zwischen Europa und Lateinamerika vor, basierend auf einer Analyse deutscher und europäischer Interessen in der Region im Angesicht jüngerer politischer und gesellschaftlicher Entwicklungen in den Ländern des Subkontinents. Der Autor schlägt einen Politikansatz für die gesamte Region vor, welcher seine persönliche Erfahrung und Überzeugungen als sozialdemokratisches Mitglied des Deutschen Bundestages widerspiegeln.
description: Comparativ, Vol 18 No 5 (2008): Social and Political Aspects of Contemporary Latin America
Analyse von Systemen der Wohneigentumsfinanzierung in Europa und die Beurteilung ihrer Effizienz
Creators: name: Bachofner, Monika
Publisher: name: Universitätsverlag Karlsruhe
Year: 2008
Subjects: Wohneigentumsfinanzierung
Effizienz
Finanzprodukte
Kundenbedürfnisse
Risikomanagement

description: Grundlegene Aufgabe eines jeden Systems der Wohneigentumsfinanzierung ist, jenen Haushalten zu Wohneigentum zu verhelfen, die es wünschen und das so günstig wie möglich. In dieser Arbeit werden die Systeme in Europa am Beispiel der Länder Deutschland, Spanien und Großbritannien dargestellt und ihre Funktionen bzgl. der Erfüllung der Kundenbedürfnisse, dem Risikomanagement und der strukturellen Umsetzung analysiert. Effizienzdefizite werden aufgezeigt und Verbesserungsvorschläge geliefert.
The Development of Human Rights in Latin America and the Inter-American System
Creators: name: Dykmann, Klaas
Publisher: name: Leipziger Universitätsverlag
Year: 2008

description: Der Aufsatz behandelt die Entwicklung der Menschenrechte in Lateinamerika seit der zweiten Hälfte des 20. Jahrhunderts mit einem besonderen Schwerpunkt auf dem interamerikanischen System. Zunächst wird die institutionelle Entwicklung des interamerikanischen Menschenrechtssystems erläutert. Es folgt eine Untersuchung der Menschenrechtspolitik während der 1970er und 1980er Jahre. Daran schließt sich eine Analyse der Wandel, die in den 1990er Jahren stattfanden, an. Schlussfolgerungen zur derzeitigen Menschenrechtssituation in der Region schließen den Artikel ab.
description: Comparativ, Vol 18 No 5 (2008): Social and Political Aspects of Contemporary Latin America
The consequences of misexpression of the Mixl1 homeobox gene on mesendodermal differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs)
Creators: name: Lim., Sue Mei
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Elastic, thermal expansion, plastic and rheological processes - theory and experiment
Creators: name: Asszonyi, Csaba
name: Csatár, Attila
name: Fülöp, Tamás
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Rocks are important examples for solid materials where, in various engineering situations, elastic, thermal expansion, rheological/viscoelastic and plastic phenomena each may play a remarkable role. Nonequilibrium continuum thermodynamics provides a consistent way to describe all these aspects in a unified framework. This we present here in a formulation where the kinematic quantities allow arbitrary nonzero initial (e.g., in situ) stresses and such initial configurations which - as a consequence of thermal or remanent stresses - do not satisfy the kinematic compatibility condition. The various characteristic effects accounted by the obtained theory are illustrated via experimental results where loaded solid samples undergo elastic, thermal expansion and plastic deformation and exhibit rheological behaviour. From the experimental data, the rheological coefficients are determined, and the measured temperature changes are also explained by the theory.
description: 15 pages, to appear in Period. Polytech. Civil Eng
Indians in Latin America –
Creators: name: Gabbert, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: Leipziger Universitätsverlag
Year: 2008

description: Der Aufsatz bietet eine Zusammenfassung der Geschichte der indigenen Bevölkerung in Lateinamerika seit der Eroberung durch die Iberer im 16. Jahrhundert bis heute. Der Beitrag diskutiert die Prozesse der conquista, die Struktur der Kolonialherrschaft sowie das Schicksal der indigenen Bevölkerung nach der Unabhängigkeit. Die soziale und kulturelle Heterogenität der indigenen Bevölkerung wird im Besonderen untersucht, ebenso wie die Rückwirkungen auf die Entwicklung des Kolonialismus. Zudem liefert der Artikel eine Analyse der Bedeutung, die verschiedene Akteure – darunter koloniale und postkoloniale Eliten, indigene Bewegungen und Sozialwissenschaftler – der Kategorie „Indio“ beimaßen. Die Bezeichnung weist zwar koloniale Wurzeln auf, wurde aber von den Indigenen in den letzten Jahren selbst verwendet.
description: Comparativ, Vol 18 No 5 (2008): Social and Political Aspects of Contemporary Latin America
title: Plasmons in Topological Systems
Creators: name: Hunley, Dalton
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2023

description:
Topological systems are not a recent development in physics, but the study of them has rapidly expanded in recent years due to advances in technology allowing for more accurate experimentation. This in return, has also led to more work for theoretical physicists to explore new possible applications of topological properties. Gaped graphene and transition metal dichalcogenides(TMDCs) are two examples of materials with topological properties due to symmetry points called valleys, where the dipole-transitions are most probable. This document contains two novel examples of those topological properties and their effects of surface plasmons. Firstly, we examine Chiral Berry Plasmons (CBP). CBP Modes have been shown to exist in 2D Dirac materials. These modes exist because of the role Berry Flux (net Berry curvature) plays in the materials themselves and are confined to the boundary in the absence of topological edge states. We show that in an optically pumped gaped graphene model, these CBP modes have an inherent tunability given by the temperature of the electrons in the system, the band gap of the material, and the relative populations created by the optical pumping of the system. Our calculations consider a quasi-equilibrium regime after thermalization but before relaxation, which occurs picoseconds later. In the other, we theoretically examine a TMDC Based Spaser Type II that has been optically pumped using an ultra-fast circularly-polarized pulse. The spasing system consists of a silver nanospheroid and a circular TMDC monolayer flake. The silver nanospheroid screens the incoming pulse and creates a nonuniform distribution of excitations in the TMDC valleys. As expected, these excitations still decay into localized surface plasmons (LSP) along the nanospheroid. However, valley polarization is only preserved in our system for small $K$-valley populations, as the required excited populations to contribute to the spasing "avalanche" are sometimes more significant than those that maintain valley polarization. The spaser also emits far-field radiation, shifting the polarization and magnifying the incoming pulse, showing promise in that area of research.