cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Partial Supersymmetry Breaking and N=2 U(N_c) Gauge Model with Hypermultiplets in Harmonic Superspace
Creators: name: Fujiwara, Kazuhito
name: Itoyama, Hiroshi
name: Sakaguchi, Makoto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide a manifestly N=2 supersymmetric formulation of the N=2 U(N_c) gauge model constructed in terms of N=1 superfields in hep-th/0409060. The model is composed of N=2 vector multiplets in harmonic superspace and can be viewed as the N=2 U(N_c) Yang-Mills effective action equipped with the electric and magnetic Fayet-Iliopoulos terms. We generalize this gauge model to an N=2 U(N_c) QCD model by introducing N=2 hypermultiplets in harmonic superspace which include both the fundamental representation of U(N_c) and the adjoint representation of U(N_c). The effect of the magnetic Fayet-Iliopoulos term is to shift the auxiliary field by an imaginary constant. Examining vacua of the model, we show that N=2 supersymmetry is spontaneously broken down to N=1.
description: 26 pages; typos fixed; version to appear in Nucl.Phys.B; eqn.(2.4) and typos corrected
Fermi Surface Resonance and Quantum Criticality in Strongly Interacting Fermi Gases
Creators: name: Miserev, Dmitry
name: Klinovaja, Jelena
name: Loss, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fermions in the Fermi gas obey the Pauli exclusion principle restricting any two fermions from filling the same quantum state. Strong interaction between fermions can completely change the properties of the Fermi gas. In our theoretical study we find a new exotic quantum phase in strongly interacting Fermi gases constrained to a certain condition imposed on the Fermi surfaces which we call the Fermi surface resonance. The new phase is quantum critical which can be identified by the power-law frequency tail of the spectral density and divergent static susceptibilities. An especially striking feature of the new phase is the anomalous power-law temperature dependence of the dc resistivity that is similar to strange metals. The new quantum critical phase can be experimentally found in ordinary semiconductor heterostructures.
Phase Mixing of Kink MHD Waves in the Solar Corona: Viscous Dissipation and Heating
Creators: name: Ebrahimi, Zanyar
name: Soler, Roberto
name: Karami, Kayoomars
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) kink waves have been observed frequently in solar coronal flux tubes, which makes them a great tool for seismology of the solar corona. Here, the effect of viscosity is studied on the evolution of kink waves. To this aim, we solve the initial value problem for the incompressible linearized viscous MHD equations in a radially inhomogeneous flux tube in the limit of long wavelengths. Using a modal expansion technique the spatio-temporal behavior of the perturbations is obtained. We confirm that for large Reynolds numbers representative of the coronal plasma the decrement in the amplitude of the kink oscillations is due to the resonant absorption mechanism that converts the global transverse oscillation to rotational motions in the inhomogeneous layer of the flux tube. We show that viscosity suppresses the rate of phase mixing of the perturbations in the inhomogeneous region of the flux tube and prevents the continuous building up of small scales in the system once a sufficiently small scale is reached. The viscous dissipation function is calculated to investigate plasma heating by viscosity in the inhomogeneous layer of the flux tube. For Reynolds numbers of the order of 10^6-10^8, the energy of the kink wave is transformed into heat in two to eight periods of the kink oscillation. For larger and more realistic Reynolds numbers, heating happens, predominantly, after the global kink oscillation is damped, and no significant heating occurs during the observable transverse motion of the flux tube.
description: 21 pages, 8 figures
A possibility to measure elastic photon--photon scattering in vacuum
Creators: name: Eriksson, Daniel
name: Brodin, Gert
name: Marklund, Mattias
name: Stenflo, Lennart
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Photon--photon scattering in vacuum due to the interaction with virtual electron-positron pairs is a consequence of quantum electrodynamics. A way for detecting this phenomenon has been devised based on interacting modes generated in microwave waveguides or cavities [G. Brodin, M. Marklund and L. Stenflo, Phys. Rev. Lett. \textbf{87} 171801 (2001)]. Here we materialize these ideas, suggest a concrete cavity geometry, make quantitative estimates and propose experimental details. It is found that detection of photon-photon scattering can be within the reach of present day technology.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures
Peritraumatic distress fully mediates the relationship between posttraumatic stress symptoms preoperative and three months postoperative in patients undergoing spine surgery
Creators: name: Shiban, Ehab
name: Lehmberg, Jens
name: Hoffmann, Ute
name: Thiel, Jeff
name: Probst, Thomas
name: Friedl, Margret
name: Mühlberger, Andreas
name: Meyer, Bernhard
name: Shiban, Youssef
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Posttraumatic stress disorder; risk factors; peritraumatic distress; elective spine surgery; mediation analysis
subject: 150 Psychologie

description: Background: Growing evidence shows the significance of illness and surgical procedures as traumatizing stressors. Risk factors are widely investigated in various settings and samples, using numerous measures of posttraumatic stress and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). While pretrauma psychological distress is acknowledged as an influential factor, peritraumatic experiences are controversially still being discussed as relevant to the development of PTSD. Objective: In a group of patients consecutively undergoing elective spine surgery (N = 89) in a German hospital, this longitudinal study addressed the question of how pretrauma PTSD symptoms and peritrauma distress interact with one another in regard to the amount of posttrauma symptoms of PTSD. Methods: Pre- and posttrauma symptoms of PTSD as well as peritrauma distress were assessed through questionnaires one week before, one week after or three months after surgery. Results: Even though all three variables showed significant correlations with one another, mediation analysis revealed that peritrauma distress fully mediated the relationship between pre- and posttrauma PTSD symptoms. Conclusions: These results add new insights to the controversial discussion on the role peritraumatic experiences play in the development of PTSD, especially in medical settings.
The Nondemolition Measurement of Quantum Time
Creators: name: Belavkin, V. P.
name: Perkins, M. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The problem of time operator in quantum mechanics is revisited. The unsharp measurement model for quantum time based on the dynamical system-clock interaction, is studied. Our analysis shows that the problem of the quantum time operator with continuous spectrum cannot be separated from the measurement problem for quantum time.
description: 6 pages. See also relevant papers at http://www.maths.nott.ac.uk/personal/vpb/research/mes_fou.html and http://www.maths.nott.ac.uk/personal/vpb/research/cau_idy.html
Probing the time-variation of the fine-structure constant: Results based on Si IV doublets from a UVES sample
Creators: name: Chand, Hum
name: Petitjean, Patrick
name: Srianand, Raghunathan
name: Aracil, Bastien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a new constraint on the variation of the fine-structure constant based on the analysis of 15 Si IV doublets selected from a ESO-UVES sample. We find Δα/α= (+0.15+/-0.43) x 10^-5 over a redshift range of 1.59< z < 2.92 which is consistent with no variation in α. This result represents a factor of three improvement on the constraint on Δα/αbased on Si IV doublets compared to the published results in the literature. The alkali doublet method used here avoids the implicit assumptions used in the many-multiplet method that chemical and ionization inhomogeneities are negligible and isotopic abundances are close to the terrestrial value.
description: 12 Pages, 7 figures. Accepted for publication in A&A. In addition to minor corrections an appendix is added in this revised version
Speaker Diarization as a Fully Online Learning Problem in MiniVox
Creators: name: Lin, Baihan
name: Zhang, Xinxin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We proposed a novel machine learning framework to conduct real-time multi-speaker diarization and recognition without prior registration and pretraining in a fully online learning setting. Our contributions are two-fold. First, we proposed a new benchmark to evaluate the rarely studied fully online speaker diarization problem. We built upon existing datasets of real world utterances to automatically curate MiniVox, an experimental environment which generates infinite configurations of continuous multi-speaker speech stream. Second, we considered the practical problem of online learning with episodically revealed rewards and introduced a solution based on semi-supervised and self-supervised learning methods. Additionally, we provided a workable web-based recognition system which interactively handles the cold start problem of new user's addition by transferring representations of old arms to new ones with an extendable contextual bandit. We demonstrated that our proposed method obtained robust performance in the online MiniVox framework.
Nonuniversal exponents in sandpiles with stochastic particle number transfer
Creators: name: Jain, Kavita
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study fixed density sandpiles in which the number of particles transferred to a neighbor on relaxing an active site is determined stochastically by a parameter $p$. Using an argument, the critical density at which an active-absorbing transition occurs is found exactly. We study the critical behavior numerically and find that the exponents associated with both static and time-dependent quantities vary continuously with $p$.
description: Some parts rewritten, results unchanged. To appear in Europhys. Lett
Lower bias, lower noise CMB lensing with foreground-hardened estimators
Creators: name: Sailer, Noah
name: Schaan, Emmanuel
name: Ferraro, Simone
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Extragalactic foregrounds in temperature maps of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) severely limit the ability of standard estimators to reconstruct the weak lensing potential. These foregrounds are not fully removable by multi-frequency cleaning or masking and can lead to large biases if not properly accounted for. For foregrounds made of a number of unclustered point sources, an estimator for the source amplitude can be derived and deprojected, removing any bias to the lensing reconstruction. We show with simulations that all of the extragalactic foregrounds in temperature can be approximated by a collection of sources with identical profiles, and that a simple bias hardening technique is effective at reducing any bias to lensing, at a minimal noise cost. We compare the performance and bias to other methods such as "shear-only" reconstruction, and discuss how to jointly deproject any arbitrary number of foregrounds, each with an arbitrary profile. In particular, for a Simons Observatory-like experiment foreground-hardened estimators allow us to extend the maximum multipole used in the reconstruction, increasing the overall statistical power by $\sim 50\%$ over the standard quadratic estimator, both in auto and cross-correlation. We conclude that source hardening outperforms the standard lensing quadratic estimator both in auto and cross-correlation, and in terms of lensing signal-to-noise and foreground bias.
description: published in PRD
Multi-Agent Based Simulation for Investigating Electric Vehicle Adoption and Its Impacts on Electricity Distribution Grids and CO2 Emissions
Creators: name: Christensen, Kristoffer
name: Ma, Zheng Grace
name: Jørgensen, Bo Nørregaard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Electric vehicles are expected to significantly contribute to CO2-eq. emissions reduction, but the increasing number of EVs also introduces chal-lenges to the energy system, and to what extent it contributes to achieving cli-mate goals remains unknown. Static modeling and assumption-based simula-tions have been used for such investigation, but they cannot capture the realistic ecosystem dynamics. To fill the gap, this paper investigates the impacts of two adoption curves of private EVs on the electricity distribution grids and national climate goals. This paper develops a multi-agent based simulation with two adoption curves, the Traditional EV charging strategy, various EV models, driv-ing patterns, and CO2-eq. emission data to capture the full ecosystem dynamics during a long-term period from 2020 to 2032. The Danish 2030 climate goal and a Danish distribution network with 126 residential consumers are chosen as the case study. The results show that both EV adoption curves of 1 million and 775k EVs by 2030 will not satisfy the Danish climate goal of reducing transport sector emissions by 30% by 2030. The results also show that the current resi-dential electricity distribution grids cannot handle the load from increasing EVs. The first grid overload will occur in 2031 (around 16 and 24 months later for the 1 million and 775k EVs adopted by 2030) with a 67% share of EVs in the grid.
One-armed Spiral Instability in a Low T/|W| Postbounce Supernova Core
Creators: name: Ott, Christian D.
name: Ou, Shangli
name: Tohline, Joel E.
name: Burrows, Adam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A three-dimensional, Newtonian hydrodynamic technique is used to follow the postbounce phase of a stellar core collapse event. For realistic initial data we have employed post core-bounce snapshots of the iron core of a 20 solar mass star. The models exhibit strong differential rotation but have centrally condensed density stratifications. We demonstrate for the first time that such postbounce cores are subject to a so-called low-T/|W| nonaxisymmetric instability and, in particular, can become dynamically unstable to an m=1 - dominated spiral mode at T/|W| ~ 0.08. We calculate the gravitational wave emission by the instability and find that the emitted waves may be detectable by current and future GW observatories from anywhere in the Milky Way.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, final, accepted (ApJL) version
Additional file 3 of The impact of cigarette and e-cigarette use history on transition patterns: a longitudinal analysis of the population assessment of tobacco and health (PATH) study, 2013–2015
Creators: name: Wei, Lai
name: Raheema S. Muhammad-Kah
name: Thaddaeus Hannel
name: Yezdi B. Pithawalla
name: Gogova, Maria
name: Chow, Simeon
name: Black, Ryan A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 3: Supplementary file C. Unadjusted Odds Ratios Based on Multinomial Logistic Regression Models.
NGDEEP: The Star Formation and Ionization Properties of Galaxies at $1.7 < z < 3.4$
Creators: name: Shen, Lu
name: Papovich, Casey
name: Matharu, Jasleen
name: Pirzkal, Nor
name: Hu, Weida
name: Berg, Danielle A.
name: Bagley, Micaela B.
name: Backhaus, Bren E.
name: Cleri, Nikko J.
name: Dickinson, Mark
name: Finkelstein, Steven L.
name: Hathi, Nimish P.
name: Huertas-Company, Marc
name: Hutchison, Taylor A.
name: Giavalisco, Mauro
name: Grogin, Norman A.
name: Jaskot, Anne E.
name: Jung, Intae
name: Kartaltepe, Jeyhan S.
name: Koekemoer, Anton M.
name: Lotz, Jennifer M.
name: Pérez-González, Pablo G.
name: Rothberg, Barry
name: Simons, Raymond C.
name: Vanderhoof, Brittany N.
name: Yung, L. Y. Aaron
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use JWST/NIRISS slitless spectroscopy from the Next Generation Deep Extragalactic Exploratory Public (NGDEEP) Survey to investigate the physical condition of star-forming galaxies at $1.7 < z < 3.4$. At these redshifts, the deep NGDEEP NIRISS slitless spectroscopy covers the [O II]$λλ$3726,3729, [O III]$λλ$4959,5007, H$β$ and H$α$ emission features for galaxies with stellar masses $\log(\mathrm{M_\ast/M_\odot}) \gtrsim 7$, nearly a factor of a hundred lower than previous studies. We focus on the [O III]/[O II] (O$_{32}$) ratio which is primarily sensitive to the ionization state and with a secondary dependence on the gas-phase metallicity of the interstellar medium. We find significant ($\gtrsim5σ$) correlations between the O$_{32}$ ratio and galaxy properties as O$_{32}$ increases with decreasing stellar mass, decreasing star formation rate (SFR), increasing specific SFR (sSFR$\equiv \mathrm{SFR}/M_*$), and increasing equivalent width (EW) of H$β$ and H$α$. These trends suggest a tight connection between the ionization parameter and these galaxy properties. Galaxies at $z\sim2-3$ exhibit a higher O$_{32}$ than local normal galaxies with the same stellar masses and SFRs, indicating that they have a higher ionization parameter and lower metallicity than local normal galaxies. In addition, we observe a mild evolutionary trend in the O$_{32}$ -- EW(H$β$) relation from $z\sim0$ to $z\gtrsim5$, where higher redshift galaxies show increased O$_{32}$ and EW, with possibly higher O$_{32}$ at fixed EW. We argue that both the enhanced recent star formation activity and the higher star formation surface density may contribute to the increase in O$_{32}$ and the ionization parameter.
description: 31 pages, 12 figures
Stretching DNA in hard-wall potential channels
Creators: name: Zoli, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: A three dimensional mesoscopic model is applied to study the properties of short DNA chains in a confining environment. The cylindrical channel is represented by a hard-wall repulsive potential incorporated in the system Hamiltonian. The macroscopic helical parameters are computed performing statistical averages over the ensemble of microscopic base pair fluctuations. The average molecule elongation, measured by the end-to-end distance, is derived as a function of the channel potential parameters both for a homogeneous and a heterogeneous chain. The overall results suggest that the mesoscopic model, with the channel potential term, yields consistent quantitative estimates for the stretching and twisting of short chains.
description: in press
Do Fertilizer Subsidies Affect the Demand for Commercial Fertilizer? An Example from Malawi
Creators: name: Ricker-Gilbert, Jacob
name: Jayne, Thomas S.
name: Ricker-Gilbert, Jacob
name: Jayne, Thomas S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Africa
subject: fertilizer subsidies
subject: panel data
subject: double hurdle model
subject: endogeneity

description: Fertilizer subsidies are again becoming a popular policy tool in sub-Saharan Africa. Despite their potential, little empirical research has been undertaken on how subsidies affect a farmer’s decision to purchase commercial fertilizer. Because of this, there is a dearth of information on how fertilizer subsidy programs affect total fertilizer and commercial fertilizer use. This paper uses a double hurdle model with panel data from Malawi to answer these questions. It also uses a control function approach to deal with endogeneity of subsidized fertilizer in a commercial fertilizer demand equation. Our results indicate that subsidized fertilizer negatively impacts participation in commercial markets. Once the participation decision has been made however, demand for commercial fertilizer is driven by farm size, assets and fertilizer price and maize price rather than by whether a farmer received subsidized fertilizer. We calculate the average partial effects of subsidized fertilizer and find that on average, receiving one additional kilogram of subsidized fertilizer causes a farmer to purchase 0.20 fewer kilograms of commercial fertilizer. This indicates that fertilizer subsidies may adversely affect the demand for commercial fertilizer and also raise total fertilizer use by a somewhat smaller quantity than the quantity of fertilizer distributed through the subsidy program.
description: Replaced with revised version of paper 07/24/09.
Additional file 1 of The impact of cigarette and e-cigarette use history on transition patterns: a longitudinal analysis of the population assessment of tobacco and health (PATH) study, 2013–2015
Creators: name: Wei, Lai
name: Raheema S. Muhammad-Kah
name: Thaddaeus Hannel
name: Yezdi B. Pithawalla
name: Gogova, Maria
name: Chow, Simeon
name: Black, Ryan A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary file A. Summary of Adult Transition Probabilities by Age.
The equations of the ideal latches
Creators: name: Vlad, Serban E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: General Literature (cs.GL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The latches are simple circuits with feedback from the digital electrical engineering. We have included in our work the C element of Muller, the RS latch, the clocked RS latch, the D latch and also circuits containing two interconnected latches: the edge triggered RS flip-flop, the D flip-flop, the JK flip-flop, the T flip-flop. The purpose of this study is to model with equations the previous circuits, considered to be ideal, i.e. non-inertial. The technique of analysis is the pseudoboolean differential calculus.
description: 16 pages, 18 figures, conference
Additional file 1 of Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation of the prefrontal cortex for fibromyalgia syndrome: a randomised controlled trial with 6-months follow up
Creators: name: Tanwar, Suman
name: Bhawna Mattoo
name: Kumar, Uma
name: Bhatia, Renu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Study protocol. Figure S2. Patient receiving rTMS therapy. Figure S3. Nociceptive Flexion Reflex recording set up. Figure S4. Set up for DNIC study (NFR recording during cold pressor test; CPT). Figure S5. CONSORT flow diagram
Learning Unsupervised Semantic Document Representation for Fine-grained Aspect-based Sentiment Analysis
Creators: name: Fu, Hao-Ming
name: Cheng, Pu-Jen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Document representation is the core of many NLP tasks on machine understanding. A general representation learned in an unsupervised manner reserves generality and can be used for various applications. In practice, sentiment analysis (SA) has been a challenging task that is regarded to be deeply semantic-related and is often used to assess general representations. Existing methods on unsupervised document representation learning can be separated into two families: sequential ones, which explicitly take the ordering of words into consideration, and non-sequential ones, which do not explicitly do so. However, both of them suffer from their own weaknesses. In this paper, we propose a model that overcomes difficulties encountered by both families of methods. Experiments show that our model outperforms state-of-the-art methods on popular SA datasets and a fine-grained aspect-based SA by a large margin.
description: International ACM SIGIR Conference 2019
Inclusive prompt photon-jet correlations as a probe of gluon saturation in electron-nucleus scattering at small $x$
Creators: name: Kolbé, Isobel
name: Roy, Kaushik
name: Salazar, Farid
name: Schenke, Bjoern
name: Venugopalan, Raju
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the differential cross-section for inclusive prompt photon$+$quark production in deeply inelastic scattering of electrons off nuclei at small $x$ ($e+A$ DIS) in the framework of the Color Glass Condensate effective field theory. The result is expressed as a convolution of the leading order (in the strong coupling $α_{\mathrm{s}}$) impact factor for the process and universal dipole matrix elements, in the limit of hard photon transverse momentum relative to the nuclear saturation scale $Q_{s,A}(x)$. We perform a numerical study of this process for the kinematics of the Electron-Ion Collider (EIC), exploring in particular the azimuthal angle correlations between the final state photon and quark. We observe a systematic suppression and broadening pattern of the back-to-back peak in the relative azimuthal angle distribution, as the saturation scale is increased by replacing proton targets with gold nuclei. Our results suggest that photon+jet final states in inclusive $e+A$ DIS at high energies are in general a promising channel for exploring gluon saturation that is complementary to inclusive and diffractive dijet production. They also provide a sensitive empirical test of the universality of dipole matrix elements when compared to identical measurements in proton-nucleus collisions. However because photon+jet correlations at small $x$ in EIC kinematics require jet reconstruction at small $k_\perp$, it will be important to study their feasibility relative to photon-hadron correlations.
description: 41 pages, 7 figures
Synthetic Observations of the Infalling Rotating Envelope: Links between the Physical Structure and Observational Features
Creators: name: Mori, Shoji
name: Aikawa, Yuri
name: Oya, Yoko
name: Yamamoto, Satoshi
name: Sakai, Nami
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We performed synthetic observations of the Ulrich, Cassen, and Moosman (UCM) model to understand the relation between the physical structures of the infalling envelope around a protostar and their observational features in molecular lines, adopting L1527 as an example. We also compared the physical structure and synthetic position-velocity (P-V) diagrams of the UCM model and a simple ballistic (SB) model. There are multiple ways to compare synthetic data with observational data. We first calculated the correlation coefficient. The UCM model and the SB model show similarly good correlation with the observational data. While the correlation reflects the overall similarity between the cube datasets, we can alternatively compare specific local features, such as the centrifugal barrier in the SB model or the centrifugal radius in the UCM model. We evaluated systematic uncertainties in these methods. In the case of L1527, the stellar mass values estimated using these methods are all lower than the value derived from previous Keplerian analysis of the disk. This may indicate that the gas infall motion in the envelope is retarded by, e.g., magnetic fields. We also showed analytically that, in the UCM model, the spin-up feature of the P-V diagram is due to the infall velocity rather than the rotation. The line-of-sight velocity $V$ is thus $\propto x^{-0.5}$, where $x$ is the offset. If the infall is retarded, rotational velocity should dominate so that $V$ is proportional to $x^{-1}$, as is often observed in the protostellar envelope.
description: 17 pages, 12 figures, published in ApJ, 2024 January 11
Additional file 2 of The impact of cigarette and e-cigarette use history on transition patterns: a longitudinal analysis of the population assessment of tobacco and health (PATH) study, 2013–2015
Creators: name: Wei, Lai
name: Raheema S. Muhammad-Kah
name: Thaddaeus Hannel
name: Yezdi B. Pithawalla
name: Gogova, Maria
name: Chow, Simeon
name: Black, Ryan A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2: Supplementary file B. Adjusted Odds Ratios Based on Multinomial Logistic Regression Models.
Massive young clusters in the disc of M31
Creators: name: Pecci, F. Fusi
name: Bellazzini, M.
name: Buzzoni, A.
name: De Simone, E.
name: Federici, L.
name: Galleti, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have studied the properties of a sample of 67 very blue and likely young massive clusters in M31 extracted from the Bologna Revised Catalog of globular clusters, selected according to their color [(B-V) < 0.45] and/or to the strength of their Hbeta spectral index (Hbeta > 3.5 A). Their existence in M31 has been noted by several authors in the past; we show here that these Blue Luminous Compact Clusters (BLCCs) are a significant fraction (>~ 15%) of the whole globular cluster system of M31. Compared to the global properties of the M31 globular cluster system, they appear to be intrinsically fainter, morphologically less concentrated, and with a shallower Balmer jump and enhanced $Hβ$ absorption in their spectra. Empirical comparison with integrated properties of clusters with known age as well as with theoretical SSP models consistently indicate that their typical age is less than ~2 Gyr, while they probably are not so metal-poor as deduced if considered to be old. Either selecting BLCCs by their (B-V) colors or by the strength of their Hbeta index the cluster sample turns out to be distributed onto the outskirts of M31 disc, sharing the kinematical properties of the thin, rapidly rotating disc component. If confirmed to be young and not metal-poor, these clusters indicate the occurrence of a significant recent star formation in the thin disc of M31, although they do not set constraints on the epoch of its early formation.
description: Submitted for publication in the Astronomical Journal. Aastex Latex file of 22 pages, 12 figures and 3 tables
Baryon Pasting the Uchuu Lightcone Simulation
Creators: name: Lau, Erwin T.
name: Nagai, Daisuke
name: Farahi, Arya
name: Ishiyama, Tomoaki
name: Miyatake, Hironao
name: Osato, Ken
name: Shirasaki, Masato
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the Baryon Pasted (BP) X-ray and thermal Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (tSZ) maps derived from the half-sky Uchuu Lightcone simulation. These BP-Uchuu maps are constructed using more than $75$ million dark matter halos with masses $M_{500c} \geq 10^{13} M_\odot$ within the redshift range $0 \leq z \leq 2$. A distinctive feature of our BP-Uchuu Lightcone maps is their capability to assess the influence of both extrinsic and intrinsic scatter caused by triaxial gaseous halos and internal gas characteristics, respectively, at the map level. We show that triaxial gas drives substantial scatter in X-ray luminosities of clusters and groups, accounting for nearly half of the total scatter in core-excised measurements. Additionally, scatter in the thermal pressure and gas density profiles of halos enhances the X-ray and SZ power spectra, leading to biases in cosmological parameter estimates. These findings are statistically robust due to the extensive sky coverage and large halo sample in the BP-Uchuu maps. The BP-Uchuu maps are publicly available on https://app.globus.org/file-manager?origin_id=cf8dadb7-b6e9-4e2c-abc1-0813877efc13 .
description: 16 pages, 12 figures, ApJ accepted. The BP-Uchuu maps are publicly available on https://app.globus.org/file-manager?origin_id=cf8dadb7-b6e9-4e2c-abc1-0813877efc13
The Importance of Off-Jet Relativistic Kinematics in Gamma-Ray Burst Jet Models
Creators: name: Donaghy, T. Q.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) are widely thought to originate from collimated jets of material moving at relativistic velocities. Emission from such a jet should be visible even when viewed from outside the angle of collimation. I summarize recent work on the special relativistic transformation of the burst quantities Eiso and Epeak as a function of viewing angle, where Eiso is the isotropic-equivalent energy of the burst and Epeak is the peak of the burst spectrum in the power nu F_nu. The formulae resulting from this work serve as input for a Monte Carlo population synthesis method, with which I investigate the importance of off-jet relativistic kinematics as an explanation for a class of GRBs termed "X-ray Flashes" (XRFs). I do this in the context of several top-hat shaped variable opening-angle jet models. I find that such models predict a large population of off-jet bursts that are observable and that lie away from the Epeak ~ Eiso^(1/2) relation. The predicted burst populations are not seen in current datasets. I investigate the effect of the bulk gamma value upon the properties of this population of off-jet bursts, as well as the effect of including an Omega0-Egamma correlation to jointly fit the Epeak ~ Eiso^(1/2) and Epeak ~ Egamma^(beta) relations, where Omega0 is the opening solid angle of the GRB jet. I find that the XRFs seen by HETE-2 and BeppoSAX cannot be easily explained as classical GRBs viewed off-jet. I also find that an inverse correlation between gamma and Omega0 has the effect of greatly reducing the visibility of off-jet events. Therefore, unless gamma > 300 for all bursts or unless there is a strong inverse correlation between gamma and Omega0, top-hat variable opening-angle jet models produce a significant population of bursts away from the Epeak ~ Eiso^(1/2) and Epeak ~ Egamma^(beta) relations.
description: 12 pages, 13 figures. Ph.D. dissertation, submitted to ApJ
The Generic Unfolding of a Biomimetic Polymer during Force Spectroscopy
Creators: name: Chaimovich, Aviel
name: Leitold, Christian
name: Dellago, Christoph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With the help of force spectroscopy, several analytical theories aim at estimating the rate coefficient of folding for various proteins. Nevertheless, a chief bottleneck lies in the fact that there is still no perfect consensus on how does a force generally perturb the crystal-coil transition. Consequently, the goal of our work is in clarifying the generic behavior of most proteins in force spectroscopy; in other words, what general signature does an arbitrary protein exhibit for its rate coefficient as a function of the applied force? By employing a biomimetic polymer in molecular simulations, we focus on evaluating its respective activation energy for unfolding, while pulling on various pairs of its monomers. Above all, we find that in the vicinity of the force-free scenario, this activation energy possesses a negative slope and a negative curvature as a function of the applied force. Our work is in line with the most recent theories for unfolding, which suggest that such a signature is expected for most proteins, and thus, we further reiterate that many of the classical formulae, that estimate the rate coefficient of the crystal-coil transition, are inadequate. Besides, we also present here an analytical expression which experimentalists can use for approximating the activation energy for unfolding; importantly, it is based on measurements for the mean and variance of the distance between the beads which are being pulled. In summary, our work presents an interesting view for protein folding in force spectroscopy.
description: 20 pages, 10 figures, accepted at Soft Matter
Prediction model of total farmland under the condition of unbalanced economic growth
Creators: name: Chen, Xiao-Yuan
name: Chen, Xiao-Zhu
name: Zhang, Lei
name: Chen, Xiao-Yuan
name: Chen, Xiao-Zhu
name: Zhang, Lei
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Financial Economics
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Total farmland
subject: Shadow index
subject: Unbalanced economy
subject: China

description: The aim of this paper is to discuss the prediction method of the total farmland demand combining with the land utilization status and planning practice. [Method] We use the multiple regression prediction method and time series prediction method. [Result] By applying the data of farmland comprehensive production capacity, population development, changes of arable land, fixed assets investment and so on in Bijie Area, we have established the prediction models of total farmland demand, and determined the optimum model as the prediction proposal of total farmland in Bijie Area through evaluation and explanation. [Conclusion] The prediction proposal is compared with the "shadow index" of Bijie Area, which is instructed by the macro-control of Guizhou Province. Then the paper decomposes the "shadow index" into eight counties and cities, and realizes the combination of the prediction proposal and the" shadow index" which provides scientific basis for the compiling work of the land-use overall plan in Bijie Area.
Analysis of the theory of intermediaries and firm in rural socialized service organizations
Creators: name: Li, Wu
name: Hu, Zhen-Peng
name: Li, Wu
name: Hu, Zhen-Peng
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Industrial Organization
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Intermediaries and the firm theory
subject: Socialized service
subject: Transaction cost
subject: China

description: We use Sperber's intermediairies and the firm theory to analyze the rural socialized service organizations. By studying the case of the melon association in Beihe Village of Uqiao Township in Beijing, we find that the basic existing objective of this association is to save transaction cost. The theoretical research and case analysis results show that the dispersed peasants are unable to solve the contradiction between small-scale production and large-scale market. However, the rural socialized service organizations, the purpose of which is to serve the benefit of the peasants, can save the transaction cost of peasants and safeguard the economic interests of the peasants.
Three-dimensional self-assembly using dipolar interaction
Creators: name: Abelmann, Leon
name: Hageman, Tijmen
name: Löthman, Per
name: Mastrangeli, Massimo
name: Elwenspoek, Miko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Interaction between dipolar forces, such as permanent magnets, generally leads to the formation of one-dimensional chains and rings. We investigated whether it was possible to let dipoles self-assemble into three-dimensional structures by encapsulating them in a shell with a specific shape. We found that the condition for self-assembly of a three-dimensional crystal is satisfied when the energies of dipoles in the parallel and antiparallel states are equal. Our experiments show that the most regular structures are formed using cylinders and cuboids and not by spheroids. This simple design rule will help the self-assembly community to realize three-dimensional crystals from objects in the micrometer range, which opens up the way toward previously unknown metamaterials.
description: 4 pages
Coherent States with SU(2) and SU(3) Charges
Creators: name: Mathur, Manu
name: Paul, Samir K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We define coherent states carrying SU(2) charges by exploiting Schwinger boson representation of SU(2) Lie algebra. These coherent states satisfy continuity property and provide resolution of identity on $S^{3}$. We further generalize these techniques to construct the corresponding SU(3) charge coherent states. The SU(N) extension is discussed.
description: 12 pages, no figures
Predicament and development of agricultural insurance in China
Creators: name: Tian, Ai-Jun
name: Tian, Ai-Jun
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Financial Economics
subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Agricultural insurance
subject: Shrinking
subject: Innovation
subject: China

description: Starting from the predicament for agricultural insurance development in China, we use the principle of economics and game theory to analyze the causation of the difficulty in developing agricultural insurance based on apprehending the connotation of agricultural insurance. And related countermeasures and suggestions on how to get through difficult situation and revitalize agricultural insurance are put forward.
Electromagnetic Form Factors of a Massive Neutrino
Creators: name: Dvornikov, Maxim
name: Studenikin, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electromagnetic form factors of a massive neutrino are studied in a minimally extended standard model in an arbitrary $R_ξ$ gauge and taking into account the dependence on the masses of all interacting particles. The contribution from all Feynman diagrams to the charge, magnetic, and anapole form factors, in which the dependence on the masses of all particles as well as on gauge parameters is accounted for exactly, are obtained for the first time in explicit form. The asymptotic behavior of the magnetic form factor for large negative squares of the momentum of an external photon is analyzed and expression for the anapole moment of a massive neutrino is derived. The results are generalized to the case of mixing between various generations of the neutrino. Explicit expressions are obtained for the charge, magnetic, and electric dipole and anapole transition form factors as well as for the transition electric dipole moment.
description: 16 pares with 5 figures in pdf format
Additional file 1 of Potential enhancement of host immunity and anti-tumor efficacy of nanoscale curcumin and resveratrol in colorectal cancers by modulated electro- hyperthermia
Creators: name: I-Ming Kuo
name: Jih-Jong Lee
name: Wang, Yu-Shan
name: Hsin-Chien Chiang
name: Cheng-Chung Huang
name: Pei-Jong Hsieh
name: Han, Winston
name: Chiao-Hsu Ke
name: Liao, Albert T. C.
name: Chen-Si Lin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 1 Supplementary Figure 1. In vitro mEHT instrument. CT26 cells (2 × 106) were contained within the cell bag which was settled in the electrode chamber. (A) The cells were then heated at 42 °C for 30 min. The optical sensors were used to detect the temperature within the cell bag (T1) or electrode chamber (T2). Left and middle were the schematic diagrams while right showed the in vitro mEHT device. (B) The whole mEHT in vitro device. Supplementary Figure 2 (Original blots for the figures).
Shortcuts to adiabatic state transfer in time-modulated two-level non-Hermitian systems
Creators: name: Wu, Qi-Cheng
name: Zhao, Jun-Long
name: Zhou, Yan-Hui
name: Ye, Biao-Liang
name: Fang, Yu-Liang
name: Zhou, Zheng-Wei
name: Yang, Chui-Ping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nontrivial spectral properties of non-Hermitian systems can give rise to intriguing effects that lack counterparts in Hermitian systems. For instance, when dynamically varying system parameters along a path enclosing an exceptional point (EP), chiral mode conversion occurs. A recent study [Phys. Rev. Lett. 133, 113802 (2024)] demonstrates the achievability of pure adiabatic state transfer by specifically selecting a trajectory in the system parameter space where the corresponding evolution operator exhibits a real spectrum while winding around an EP. However, the intended adiabatic state transfer becomes fragile when taking into account the effect of the nonadiabatic transition. In this work, we propose a scheme for achieving robust and rapid adiabatic state transfer in time-modulated two-level non-Hermitian systems by appropriately modulating system Hamiltonian and time-evolution trajectory. Numerical simulations confirm that complete adiabatic transfer can always be achieved even under nonadiabatic conditions after one period for different initialized adiabatic states, and the scheme remains insensitive to moderate fluctuations in control parameters. Therefore, this scheme offers alternative approaches for quantum-state engineering in non-Hermitian systems.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures