Gnathospinosa qinlingensis Liao & Wang & Huang 2019, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Liao, Cheng-Qing
name: Wang, Min
name: Huang, Guo-Hua
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Tineidae
Gnathospinosa
Gnathospinosa qinlingensis

description: Gnathospinosa qinlingensis Liao & Huang, sp. nov.
(Figs. 1–5)
Diagnosis. This new species is externally similar to Psecadioides cuneus Huang and Euplocamus charadropis Meyrick. But it can be easily distinguished from them by the straight outer margin of median spots on the forewings, and male genitalia: uncus divided into two simple lobes, while uncus with complex and strongly sclerotized lobes in Psecadioides cuneus and Euplocamus charadropis; gnathos being broad, reniform, covered with scaly spines in Gnathospinosa qinlingensis, sp. nov., while gnathos absent in Psecadioides cuneus and Euplocamus charadropis; the inner surfaces of valva with an auricular hairy projection in Gnathospinosa qinlingensis, sp. nov. while the inner surfaces of valva with an ellipsoid protuberance bearing long thick bristles in Psecadioides cuneus and Euplocamus charadropis.
Description. Male. Forewing length about 9.0 mm; hindwing length about 7.5 mm.
Head: vertex and frons covered with dense, erect, yellowish scales (Figs. 1, 3A, 3B). Antenna length about 4.9 mm in male (Figs. 1, 3D), about 0.5× as long as forewing; scape brown, flagellum dark brown with black base. Maxillary palpus and galeae very short, almost invisible to the naked eyes (Fig. 3E). Labial palpus about 2.7× height of head (Fig. 3C); 3-segmented, segmental ratio about 1:3.5:2.5; the first segment short and slightly curved; the second segment with dense yellow brown scales on inner side, dark brown or black scales laterally with lateral bristles absent (Fig. 3B); the third segment slender and elongate, erect, covered with yellowish scales and mixed with some black scales, bearing vom Rath’s organ near apex (Figs. 3 A–C, 3F, 3G).
Thorax: dorsally covered with dense yellowish scales, except tegula which is covered with black scales anteriorly; lateral margins of mesonotum black, metanotum smooth with slender yellow scales on posterior margin (Fig. 1). Foreleg dark brown except tarsus yellowish apically, with a slightly curved epiphysis medially; midleg fuscous, covered with fuscous and black scales; hindleg brownish, tibiae covered with elongate brown scales., elongate, rounded apically, about 2.7× as long as wide including fringe (about 3.3× as long as wide excluding fringe); ground color brown mixed with small black spots, and with two distinct large black spots: basal spot outwards oblique, usually narrow banded, sometimes mixed with many brown scales, from basal 1/6 to base of wings; middle spot quadrilateral, from basal 1/3 to 2/3 costa, inner and posterior margins partly concave inward, outer margin distinctly straight. Fringe short, brownish mixed with black in apical region (Fig. 1). All veins present; R 4 and R 5 long stalked at near midpoint, R 5 ending at the apex; basal part of M vein present; 1A+2A separated at basal 1/3; retinaculum elongate, curled at apex (Fig. 2). Hindwing relatively elongate, rounded apically, about 2.1× as long as wide including fringe (about 2.8× as long as wide excluding fringe); ground color brownish gray mixed, dark color along veins; fringe brownish, short, longer along basal posterior margin; venation complete; Sc+R 1 well developed; Rs ending at apex; crossvein M-CuA present, M branched in discal cell; CuP reduced as a distinct fold; 3A as a fold (Fig. 2).
Abdomen. Blackish brown, apex dark color (Fig. 1). Male genitalia (Fig. 5) with uncus complex (Fig. 5A, 5 E– F), divided into two simple lobes; each lobe with a strongly sclerotized, dentiform apex, covered with long dense bristles, and with a small papillate projection laterally. Gnathos (Fig. 5A, 5E) broad, reniform, strongly sclerotized, covered with scaly spines; vinculum (Fig. 5F) narrow membranous structure medially in ventral view. Valva (Fig. 5B) long and narrow, with a basal process; inner surface with an auricular projection bearing thick bristles medially; transtilla irregularly flap-shaped, well sclerotized, developed. Juxta (Fig. 5E) absent. Aedeagus (Fig. 5 C– D) slightly curved ventrally, somewhat inflated basally, cornuti absent, about 0.7× length of valva.
Female unknown.
Holotype: ♂, China: Qinling Mountain, Jialingjiang River Source, Baoji City, Shaanxi Province, 6- 9.VIII.2018, light trapping, leg. C.Q. Liao & G.H. Huang (HUNAU).
Paratypes: 2♂, same data as holotype; 1♂, Huameiguan, Liuba County, Hanzhong City, Shaanxi Province, 10-11.VIII.2018, light trapping, leg. C.Q. Liao & G.H. Huang (HUNAU).
Host. Unknown.
Distribution. China (Shaanxi).
Etymology. The specific epithet is named for the type locality Qinling Mountain.
Remarks. The new species can be distinguished from other species of the subfamily Euplocaminae based on the characters given in the diagnosis.
description: Published as part of Liao, Cheng-Qing, Wang, Min & Huang, Guo-Hua, 2019, A new genus Gnathospinosa (Lepidoptera: Tineidae: Euplocaminae) from China, with description of a new species and its taxonomic position, pp. 416-424 in Zootaxa 4555 (3) on pages 418-420, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4555.3.10, http://zenodo.org/record/2624396