cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Automated Speed and Lane Change Decision Making using Deep Reinforcement Learning
Creators: name: Hoel, Carl-Johan
name: Wolff, Krister
name: Laine, Leo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper introduces a method, based on deep reinforcement learning, for automatically generating a general purpose decision making function. A Deep Q-Network agent was trained in a simulated environment to handle speed and lane change decisions for a truck-trailer combination. In a highway driving case, it is shown that the method produced an agent that matched or surpassed the performance of a commonly used reference model. To demonstrate the generality of the method, the exact same algorithm was also tested by training it for an overtaking case on a road with oncoming traffic. Furthermore, a novel way of applying a convolutional neural network to high level input that represents interchangeable objects is also introduced.
Bounds on Vector Leptoquarks
Creators: name: Leurer, Miriam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive bounds on vector leptoquarks coupling to the first generation, using data from low energy experiments as well as from high energy accelerators. Similarly to the case of scalar leptoquarks, we find that the strongest indirect bounds arise from atomic parity violation and universality in leptonic pi decays. These bounds are considerably stronger than the first direct bounds of HERA, restricting vector leptoquarks that couple with electromagnetic strength to right-handed quarks to lie above 430 GeV or 460 GeV, and leptoquarks that couple with electromagnetic strength to left-handed quarks to lie above 1.3 TeV, 1.2 TeV and 1.5 TeV for the SU(2)_W singlet, doublet and triplet respectively.
description: 14 Pages (LaTeX), including 1 uufiled postscript figure. WIS-93/119/Dec-PH
Risk factors for head and neck cancer in more and less developed countries: Analysis from the INHANCE consortium
Creators: name: Curado, M.
name: Zheng, T.
name: Znaor, A.
name: Kanda, J.L.
name: Conway, D.
name: Kelsey, K.
name: McClean, M.
name: Lin, W.
name: Dal Maso, L.
name: Vilensky, M.
name: Agudo, A.
name: Edefonti, V.
name: Lissowska, J.
name: Brenner, H.
name: Muscat, J.E.
name: Pandics, T.
name: Zevallos, J.P.
name: Ramroth, H.
name: Richiardi, L.
name: Mendoza López, R.
name: Goyal, N.
name: Healy, C.
name: Hansen, B.
name: Herrero, R.
name: Wunsch-Filho, V.
name: Menezes, A.
name: Schantz, S.
name: Sturgis, E.M.
name: Thomson, P.
name: Menvielle, G.
name: La Vecchia, C.
name: Boccia, S.
name: Zhang, Z.-F.
name: Luce, D.
name: Brennan, P.
name: Morgenstern, H.
name: Koifman, R.
name: Mates, D.
name: Garavello, W.
name: Li, G.
name: Gillison, M.
name: Daudt, A.W.
name: Fernandez, L.
name: Franceschi, S.
name: Yu, G.-P.
name: Schwartz, S.M.
name: Serraino, D.
name: Macfarlane, G.
name: Świątkowska, B.
name: Levi, F.
name: Ahrens, W.
name: Winn, D.M.
name: Hashibe, M.
name: Cadoni, G.
name: Moysich, K.
name: Lee, Y.-C.A.
name: Polesel, J.
name: Purdue, M.
name: Matsuo, K.
name: Chen, C.
name: Hayes, R.B.
name: Lehman, E.
name: Holcatova, I.
name: Canova, C.
name: Hennessy, M.
name: Shangina, O.
name: Vaughan, T.L.
name: Boffetta, P.
name: Smith, E.
name: Fabianova, E.
name: Negri, E.
name: Lagiou, P.
name: Olshan, A.F.
name: Radoi, L.
Publisher: name: John Wiley and Sons Inc
Year: 2023

description: Objective: We analyzed the pooled case-control data from the International Head and Neck Cancer Epidemiology (INHANCE) consortium to compare cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption risk factors for head and neck cancer between less developed and more developed countries. Subjects and Methods: The location of each study was categorized as either a less developed or more developed country. We compared the risk of overall head and neck cancer and cancer of specific anatomic subsites associated with cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption. Additionally, age and sex distribution between categories was compared. Results: The odds ratios for head and neck cancer sites associated with smoking duration differed between less developed and more developed countries. Smoking greater than 20 years conferred a higher risk for oral cavity and laryngeal cancer in more developed countries, whereas the risk was greater for oropharynx and hypopharynx cancer in less developed countries. Alcohol consumed for more than 20 years conferred a higher risk for oropharynx, hypopharynx, and larynx cancer in less developed countries. The proportion of cases that were young (<45 years) or female differed by country type for some HNC subsites. Conclusion: These findings suggest the degree of industrialization and economic development affects the relationship between smoking and alcohol with head and neck cancer.
How to Enhance Dephasing Time in Superconducting Qubits
Creators: name: Cywinski, L.
name: Lutchyn, R. M.
name: Nave, C. P.
name: Sarma, S. Das
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically investigate the influence of designed pulse sequences in restoring quantum coherence lost due to background noise in superconducting qubits. We consider both 1/f noise and Random Telegraph Noise, and show that the qubit coherence time can be substantially enhanced by carefully engineered pulse sequences. Conversely, the time dependence of qubit coherence under external pulse sequences could be used as a spectroscopic tool for extracting the noise mechanisms in superconducting qubits, i.e. by using Uhrig's pulse sequence one can obtain information about moments of the spectral density of noise. We also study the effect of pulse sequences on the evolution of the qubit affected by a strongly coupled fluctuator, and show that the non-Gaussian features in decoherence are suppressed by the application of pulses.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures, extended version accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. B
Routes to thermodynamic limit on scale-free networks
Creators: name: Castellano, Claudio
name: Pastor-Satorras, Romualdo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that there are two classes of finite size effects for dynamic models taking place on a scale-free topology. Some models in finite networks show a behavior that depends only on the system size N. Others present an additional distinct dependence on the upper cutoff k_c of the degree distribution. Since the infinite network limit can be obtained by allowing k_c to diverge with the system size in an arbitrary way, this result implies that there are different routes to the thermodynamic limit in scale-free networks. The contact process (in its mean-field version) belongs to this second class and thus our results clarify the recent discrepancy between theory and simulations with different scaling of k_c reported in the literature.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, final version
Mixed Dark Matter from Neutrino Lasing
Creators: name: Starkman, G. D.
name: Kaiser, N.
name: Malaney, R. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the production of dark matter with non-standard momentum distributions arising from the decay of a relativistic massive neutrino into a lighter fermion and boson H$\rightarrow$F$+$B. We develop the Boltzmann equations for this process, paying particular attention to spin polarisation effects. Such decays can, under certain circumstances, lead to a process of runaway stimulated decays or `neutrino-lasing' resulting, for suitable boson mass, in the production of mixed-dark-matter. We discuss a number of variations on the model; we show how the yield of cold particles can be increased by a simple modification to our original proposal. We discuss the singlet-majoron model as a possible framework for these decays.
description: 23 pages, latex, CITA/93/49, available by anon ftp from ftp.cita.utoronto.ca in /cita/nick/neutrinolasing2.ps
Mathematical Metaphysics
Creators: name: Serafin, Luke
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Philosophy
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion

description: The fundamental question of metaphysics is what exists, not in any particular structure, but in general. To answer this question requires determination of the nature of existence, or more concretely, what it means for something to exist. Thus a worthwhile metaphysics should provide an explicit criterion for existence. A wide variety of such criteria have been proposed, and these can be divided into broad categories based on how they handle abstracta, in particular mathematical objects. Platonistic metaphysical accounts incorporate physical objects and mathematical objects as disjoint categories, but require an account of how these two categories of objects interact, which is a vexing philosophical question [6]. One way to handle this issue is to eliminate one of these two categories, and this is precisely what is done in nominalistic accounts, which admit the existence of physical objects but not of mathematical objects.
The Prasad conjectures for $\mathrm{GSp_4}$ and $\mathrm{PGSp_4}$
Creators: name: Lu, Hengfei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 22E50

description: In this paper, we use the theta correspondence between $\mathrm{GSp_4}$ and $\mathrm{GO(V)}$ to discuss the $\mathrm{GSp_4}$-distinction problems over a quadratic field extension $E/F.$ With a similar strategy, we study the period for the pair $(\mathrm{GSp_4(E)},\mathrm{GSp_{1,1}(F)}),$ where $\mathrm{GSp_{1,1}}$ is the unique inner form of $\mathrm{GSp_4}.$ Then we verify the Prasad conjecture for $\mathrm{PGSp_4(E)}$.
description: We extend the results from tempered representations in the previous version (v1) to the generic representations. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:0706.0952 by other authors
A mechanically consistent model for fluid-structure interactions with contact including seepage
Creators: name: Burman, Erik
name: Fernández, Miguel A.
name: Frei, Stefan
name: Gerosa, Fannie M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We present a new approach for the mechanically consistent modelling and simulation of fluid-structure interactions with contact. The fundamental idea consists of combining a relaxed contact formulation with the modelling of seepage through a porous layer of co-dimension 1 during contact. For the latter, a Darcy model is considered in a thin porous layer attached to a solid boundary in the limit of infinitesimal thickness. In combination with a relaxation of the contact conditions the computational model is both mechanically consistent and simple to implement. We analyse the approach in detailed numerical studies with both thick- and thin-walled solids, within a fully Eulerian and an immersed approach for the fluid-structure interaction and using fitted and unfitted finite element discretisations.
Monte Carlo Generators for the LHC
Creators: name: Worek, Malgorzata
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The status of two Monte Carlo generators, HELAC-PHEGAS, a program for multi-jet processes and VBFNLO, a parton level program for vector boson fusion processes at NLO QCD, is briefly presented. The aim of these tools is the simulation of events within the Standard Model at current and future high energy experiments, in particular the LHC. Some results related to the production of multi-jet final states at the LHC are also shown.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures. Presented at the XXXI International Conference of Theoretical Physics, Matter To The Deepest: Recent Developments In Physics of Fundamental Interactions, Ustron, 5-11 September 2007, Poland
Derivation of maternal dietary patterns accounting for regional heterogeneity
Creators: name: Herring, A.H.
name: Olshan, A.F.
name: Stephenson, B.J.K.
Publisher: name: John Wiley and Sons Inc
Year: 2022

description: Latent class models are often used to characterise dietary patterns. Yet, when subtle variations exist across different sub-populations, overall population patterns can be masked and affect statistical inference on health outcomes. We address this concern with a flexible supervised clustering approach, introduced as Supervised Robust Profile Clustering, that identifies outcome-dependent population-based patterns, while partitioning out subpopulation pattern differences. Using dietary data from the 1997–2011 National Birth Defects Prevention Study, we determine how maternal dietary profiles associate with orofacial clefts among offspring. Results indicate mothers who consume a higher proportion of fruits and vegetables compared to land meats lower the proportion of progeny with orofacial cleft defect.
title: Chandra Observations of the Galactic Center: High Energy Processes at Arcsecond Resolution
Creators: name: Wang, QD
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics and Astronomy

description: This is the pre-published version harvested from ArXiv. The published version is located at http://iopscience.iop.org/1742-6596/54/1/020/
description: About 2 million seconds of Chandra observing time have been devoted to the Galactic Center (GC), including large-scale surveys and deep pointings. These observations have led to the detection of about 4000 discrete X-ray sources and the mapping of diffuse X-ray emission in various energy bands. In this review, I frst summarize general results from recent studies and then present close-up views of the three massive star clusters (Arches, Quintuplet, and GC) and their interplay with the Galactic nuclear environment.
Quadrupole Effect on the Heat Conductivity of Cold Glasses
Creators: name: Akbari, Alireza
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: At very low temperatures, the tunnelling theory for amorphous solids predicts a thermal conductivity $κ\propto T^p$, with $p = 2$. We have studied the effect of the Nuclear Quadrupole moment on the thermal conductivity of glasses at very low temperatures. We developed a theory that couples the tunnelling motion to the nuclear quadrupoles moment in order to evaluate the thermal conductivity. Our result suggests a cross over between two different regimes at the temperature close to the nuclear quadrupoles energy. Below this temperature we have shown that the thermal conductivity is larger than the standard tunneling result and therefore we have $p < 2$. However, for temperatures higher than the nuclear quadrupoles energy, the result of standard tunnelling model has been found.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure
Revisiting concurrent separation logic
Creators: name: Soares, Pedro
name: Ravara, António
name: de Sousa, Simão Melo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present a new soundness proof of Concurrent Separation Logic (CSL) based on a structural operational semantics (SOS). We build on two previous proofs and develop new auxiliary notions to achieve the goal. One uses a denotational semantics (based on traces). The other is based on SOS, but was obtained only for a fragment of the logic - the Disjoint CSL - which disallows modifying shared variables between concurrent threads. In this work, we lift such a restriction, proving the soundness of full CSL with respect to a SOS. Thus contributing to the development of tools able of ensuring the correctness of realistic concurrent programs. Moreover, given that we used SOS, such tools can be well-integrated in programming environments and even incorporated in compilers.
Mario vs. the Lich King: How Culture Affects American Consumers' Preferences for American or Japanese Video Games
Creators: name: James, Katherine
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: 200399 Language Studies not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Languages and literature

description: In order for the American video industry to continue to grow and attract more American and international consumers, it is vital to understand which attributes of video games are most important in determining consumers' purchasing choices, and it is equally important to know how cultural and social values contribute to these norms. My primary research goal is to determine which video games American consumers most often prefer, why do they prefer them, and what underlying cultural attributes affect these preferences. To answer these questions, I grounded my research in historical context, analyzed sales statistics from credible online resources, conducted two extensive surveys of American video game consumers, and used widely accepted theories about Japanese and American culture to interpret this information. I found that Americans prefer multiplayer games whereas Japanese players like single‐player games, and American consumers can be broken down into four overlapping categories with distinct preferences. From these results, I concluded that culture and social structures do affect consumers' video game preferences to a degree, and that American consumers can be further broken down based on gender and play style.
Consistency of Bayesian inference with Gaussian process priors for a parabolic inverse problem
Creators: name: Kekkonen, Hanne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 62F15, 62G20, 35R30

description: We consider the statistical nonlinear inverse problem of recovering the absorption term $f>0$ in the heat equation $$ \partial_tu-\frac{1}{2}Δu+fu=0 \quad \text{on $\mathcal{O}\times(0,\textbf{T})$}\quad u = g \quad \text{on $\partial\mathcal{O}\times(0,\textbf{T})$}\quad u(\cdot,0)=u_0 \quad \text{on $\mathcal{O}$}, $$ where $\mathcal{O}\in\mathbb{R}^d$ is a bounded domain, $\textbf{T}
Aerial LaneNet: Lane Marking Semantic Segmentation in Aerial Imagery using Wavelet-Enhanced Cost-sensitive Symmetric Fully Convolutional Neural Networks
Creators: name: Azimi, Seyed Majid
name: Fischer, Peter
name: Körner, Marco
name: Reinartz, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The knowledge about the placement and appearance of lane markings is a prerequisite for the creation of maps with high precision, necessary for autonomous driving, infrastructure monitoring, lane-wise traffic management, and urban planning. Lane markings are one of the important components of such maps. Lane markings convey the rules of roads to drivers. While these rules are learned by humans, an autonomous driving vehicle should be taught to learn them to localize itself. Therefore, accurate and reliable lane marking semantic segmentation in the imagery of roads and highways is needed to achieve such goals. We use airborne imagery which can capture a large area in a short period of time by introducing an aerial lane marking dataset. In this work, we propose a Symmetric Fully Convolutional Neural Network enhanced by Wavelet Transform in order to automatically carry out lane marking segmentation in aerial imagery. Due to a heavily unbalanced problem in terms of number of lane marking pixels compared with background pixels, we use a customized loss function as well as a new type of data augmentation step. We achieve a very high accuracy in pixel-wise localization of lane markings without using 3rd-party information. In this work, we introduce the first high-quality dataset used within our experiments which contains a broad range of situations and classes of lane markings representative of current transportation systems. This dataset will be publicly available and hence, it can be used as the benchmark dataset for future algorithms within this domain.
description: IEEE TGRS 2018 - Accepted
Love in the Time of Globalization: Indian and American National Identity in Romance Cinema
Creators: name: Rosen, Hannah
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2010
Subjects: History

description: As Bollywood becomes more a more visible force within American culture, it becomes ever more important for Americans to understand how Bollywood movies work. This means more than simply recognizing the Bollywood format (a set number of songs exist within each movie, usually around five) and calling it different. It also means understanding what overarching messages those movies convey about Indian culture
Accelerating Hybrid Monte Carlo simulations of the Hubbard model on the hexagonal lattice
Creators: name: Krieg, Stefan
name: Luu, Thomas
name: Ostmeyer, Johann
name: Papaphilippou, Philippos
name: Urbach, Carsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present different methods to increase the performance of Hybrid Monte Carlo simulations of the Hubbard model in two-dimensions. Our simulations concentrate on a hexagonal lattice, though can be easily generalized to other lattices. It is found that best results can be achieved using a flexible GMRES solver for matrix inversions and the second order Omelyan integrator with Hasenbusch acceleration on different time scales for molecular dynamics. We demonstrate how an arbitrary number of Hasenbusch mass terms can be included into this geometry and find that the optimal speed depends weakly on the choice of the number of Hasenbusch masses and their values. As such, the tuning of these masses is amenable to automization and we present an algorithm for this tuning that is based on the knowledge of the dependence of solver time and forces on the Hasenbusch masses. We benchmark our algorithms to systems where direct numerical diagonalization is feasible and find excellent agreement. We also simulate systems with hexagonal lattice dimensions up to $102\times 102$ and $N_t=64$. We find that the Hasenbusch algorithm leads to a speed up of more than an order of magnitude.
description: Corrected Proof in Press in Computer Physics Communications
Racial differences in breast cancer outcomes by hepatocyte growth factor pathway expression
Creators: name: Olsson, L.T.
name: Benefield, H.
name: Hamilton, A.M.
name: Troester, M.A.
name: Bhattacharya, A.
name: Fleming, J.M.
name: Kirk, E.L.
name: Williams, K.P.
name: Love, M.I.
name: Jones, G.S.
name: Nichols, H.B.
name: Tipaldos, H.J.
name: Hoadley, K.A.
name: Olshan, A.F.
Publisher: name: Springer
Year: 2022

description: Purpose: Black women have a 40% increased risk of breast cancer-related mortality. These outcome disparities may reflect differences in tumor pathways and a lack of targetable therapies for specific subtypes that are more common in Black women. Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) is a targetable pathway that promotes breast cancer tumorigenesis, is associated with basal-like breast cancer, and is differentially expressed by race. This study assessed whether a 38-gene HGF expression signature is associated with recurrence and survival in Black and non-Black women. Methods: Study participants included 1957 invasive breast cancer cases from the Carolina Breast Cancer Study. The HGF signature was evaluated in association with recurrence (n = 1251, 171 recurrences), overall, and breast cancer-specific mortality (n = 706, 190/328 breast cancer/overall deaths) using Cox proportional hazard models. Results: Women with HGF-positive tumors had higher recurrence rates [HR 1.88, 95% CI (1.19, 2.98)], breast cancer-specific mortality [HR 1.90, 95% CI (1.26, 2.85)], and overall mortality [HR 1.69; 95% CI (1.17, 2.43)]. Among Black women, HGF positivity was significantly associated with higher 5-year rate of recurrence [HR 1.73; 95% CI (1.01, 2.99)], but this association was not significant in non-Black women [HR 1.68; 95% CI (0.72, 3.90)]. Among Black women, HGF-positive tumors had elevated breast cancer-specific mortality [HR 1.80, 95% CI (1.05, 3.09)], which was not significant in non-Black women [HR 1.52; 95% CI (0.78, 2.99)]. Conclusion: This multi-gene HGF signature is a poor-prognosis feature for breast cancer and may identify patients who could benefit from HGF-targeted treatments, an unmet need for Black and triple-negative patients.
Higgsless electroweak symmetry breaking at the LHC
Creators: name: Ozcan, Veysi Erkcan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: While the Higgs model is the best studied scenario of electroweak symmetry breaking, a number strongly-coupled models exist, predicting new signatures. Recent studies of WW and WZ final states at the ATLAS and CMS experiments are summarized and expected sensitivities are presented within the frameworks of the technicolor straw-man model and the electroweak chiral Lagrangian.
description: Proceedings for the EPS HEP 2007 conference, Manchester, U.K., on behalf of the ATLAS and CMS Collaborations
Mass and radius of cosmic balloons
Creators: name: Wang, Yun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This revised version uses Gauss-Codazzi equations to derive the exact mass and radius relations. The results remain qualitatively the same.
description: 13 pages, LaTeX, 4 figures not included, FERMILAB-Pub-93/378-A
The association between meat and fish intake by preparation methods and breast cancer in the Carolina Breast Cancer Study (CBCS)
Creators: name: Steck, S.E.
name: Omofuma, O.O.
name: Olshan, A.F.
name: Troester, M.A.
Publisher: name: Springer
Year: 2022

description: Purpose: We examined the associations between intake of meat and fish by preparation methods and breast cancer in the Carolina Breast Cancer Study, a racially diverse population-based case–control study. Methods: African American (AA) and European American (EA) women aged 20–74 years with a first diagnosis of invasive or in situ breast cancers were frequency matched by race and age group to controls identified through the North Carolina Division of Motor Vehicles and Medicare lists [AA: 548 cases, 452 controls; EA: 858 cases, 748 controls]. Participants self-reported meat preparation methods and intake frequencies. Adjusted odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using multivariable logistic regression adjusted for age, race, alcohol intake, body mass index, family income, lactation, marital status, use of oral contraceptives, postmenopausal hormone use, smoking status, and offsets. Results: Positive associations with breast cancer were observed for intakes of grilled/barbecued hamburger (≥ once/week, OR: 1.28; 95% CI 1.01, 1.63), and pan-fried/oven-broiled beef steak (≥ once/week, OR: 1.36; 95% CI 1.08, 1.72). Inverse associations were observed for pan-fried fish (≥ once/week, OR: 0.77; 95% CI 0.60, 0.98), and for grilled/ barbecued pork chops (> 0 time/week OR: 0.81, 95% CI 0.68, 0.97). Associations tended to be stronger among EA women than among AA women. Conclusion: More frequent consumption of beef prepared with high temperature methods was associated with higher odds of breast cancer while more frequent consumption of pan-fried fish or grilled/barbecued pork chops was associated with lower odds of breast cancer.
The shuffle Hopf algebra and quasiplanar Wick products
Creators: name: Bahns, Dorothea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81R60

description: The operator valued distributions which arise in quantum field theory on the noncommutative Minkowski space can be symbolized by a generalization of chord diagrams, the dotted chord diagrams. In this framework, the combinatorial aspects of quasiplanar Wick products are understood in terms of the shuffle Hopf algebra of dotted chord diagrams, leading to an algebraic characterization of quasiplanar Wick products as a convolution. Moreover, it is shown that the distributions do not provide a weight system for universal knot invariants.
description: 16 pages, prepared for the conference proceedings "Non commutative Geometry and Physics", Laboratoire de physique th\'eorique d'Orsay, April 23-27, 2007
Observation of magnetic helicoidal dichroism with extreme ultraviolet light vortices
Creators: name: Fanciulli, Mauro
name: Pancaldi, Matteo
name: Pedersoli, Emanuele
name: Vimal, Mekha
name: Bresteau, David
name: Luttmann, Martin
name: De Angelis, Dario
name: Ribič, Primož Rebernik
name: Rösner, Benedikt
name: David, Christian
name: Spezzani, Carlo
name: Manfredda, Michele
name: Sousa, Ricardo
name: Prejbeanu, Ioan-Lucian
name: Vila, Laurent
name: Dieny, Bernard
name: De Ninno, Giovanni
name: Capotondi, Flavio
name: Sacchi, Maurizio
name: Ruchon, Thierry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the experimental evidence of magnetic helicoidal dichroism, observed in the interaction of an extreme ultraviolet vortex beam carrying orbital angular momentum with a magnetic vortex. Numerical simulations based on classical electromagnetic theory show that this dichroism is based on the interference of light modes with different orbital angular momenta, which are populated after the interaction between the light phase chirality and the magnetic topology. This observation gives insight into the interplay between orbital angular momentum and magnetism, and sets the framework for the development of new analytical tools to investigate ultrafast magnetization dynamics.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
Restoring Holographic Dark Energy in Brane Cosmology
Creators: name: Saridakis, E. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a generalized version of holographic dark energy arguing that it must be considered in the maximally subspace of a cosmological model. In the context of brane cosmology it leads to a bulk holographic dark energy which transfers its holographic nature to the effective 4D dark energy. As an application we use a single-brane model and we show that in the low energy limit the behavior of the effective holographic dark energy coincides with that predicted by conventional 4D calculations. However, a finite bulk can lead to radically different results.
description: 11 pages, version published in Phys. Lett. B
Learning by Comparing: Effects of Direct Instruction, Discovery and Delay on Analogical Transfer
Creators: name: Gill, Pasha
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: 170199 Psychology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Previous research on analogy suggests that comparison between two instructional examples promotes analogical transfer and that direct instruction and inquiry based learning have their own advantages and disadvantages. The present study describes two experiments, the first designed to test the efficacy of directly instructing participants about common relational structure between analogous problems and the second designed to the explore the effect of temporal delays on successful analogical transfer. Subjects' analogical reasoning was operationalized as their ability to solve a relationally similar target problem which required mapping of relevant concepts from the two base problems. We hypothesized that (i) analogical transfer would be independent of pedagogy, (ii) comparison between analogs would yield stronger solution schemas and that (iii) a delay would result in higher rates of solving the transfer than no delay. Results showed that (i) comparison did not yield better schema quality than no comparison (ii) analogical transfer did not depend on instructional method and (iii) delay fostered more efficient analogical transfer than no delay.
Trends in surgical treatment of early-stage breast cancer reveal decreasing mastectomy use between 2003 and 2016 by age, race, and rurality
Creators: name: Robinson, W.R.
name: Olshan, A.F.
name: Wheeler, S.B.
name: Roberson, M.L.
name: Nichols, H.B.
name: Reeder-Hayes, K.E.
Publisher: name: Springer
Year: 2022

description: Purpose: To examine trends in the surgical treatment of breast cancer by age, rurality, and among Black women in a populous, racially diverse, state in the Southeastern United States of America. Methods: We identified women diagnosed with localized or regional breast cancer between 2003 and 2016 in the North Carolina Central Cancer Registry (n = 86,776). Using Joinpoint regression we evaluated the average annual percentage change in proportion of women treated with mastectomy versus breast-conserving surgery overall, by age group, among Black women, and for women residing in rural areas. Results: Overall, the rate of mastectomy usage in the population declined 2.5% per year between 2003 and 2016 (95% CI − 3.2, − 1.7). Over this same time interval, breast-conserving surgery increased by 1.6% per year (95% CI 0.9, 2.2). These temporal trends in surgery were also observed among Black women and rural residing women. Trends in surgery type varied by age group: mastectomy declined over time among women > 50 years, but not among women aged 18–49 at diagnosis. Discussion: In contrast to national studies that reported increasing use of mastectomy, we found declining mastectomy rates in the early 2000s in a Southern US state with a racially and geographically diverse population. These decreasing trends were consistent among key subgroups affected by cancer inequities, including Black and White rural women.
External Gauge Invariance and Anomaly in BS Vertices and Boundstates
Creators: name: Bando, Masako
name: Harada, Masayasu
name: Kugo, Taichiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A systematic method is given for obtaining consistent approximations to the Schwinger-Dyson(SD) and Bethe-Salpeter(BS) equations which maintain the external gauge invariance. We show that for any order of approximation to the SD equation there is a corresponding approximation to the BS equations such that the solutions to those equations satisfy the Ward-Takahashi identities of the external gauge symmetry. This formulation also clarifies the way how we can calculate the Green functions of current operators in a consistent manner with the gauge invariance and the axial anomaly. We show which type of diagrams for the $π^0\rightarrowγγ$ amplitude using the pion BS amplitude give result consistent with the low-energy theorem. An interesting phenomenon is observed in the ladder approximation that the low energy theorem is saturated by the zeroth order terms in the external momenta of the pseudoscalar BS amplitude and the vector vertex functions.
description: 30 pages, plain TeX (using `phyzzx' macro), 17 Postscript Figures are included as uuencoded files (need `epsf.tex'), KUNS-1236, HE(TH) 93/13
Additional file 2 of PH CARE COVID survey: an international patient survey on the care for pulmonary hypertension patients during the early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic
Creators: name: Godinas, Laurent
name: Iyer, Keerthana
name: Meszaros, Gergely
name: Quarck, Rozenn
name: Escribano-Subias, Pilar
name: Vonk Noordegraaf, Anton
name: Jansa, Pavel
name: D’Alto, Michele
name: Luknar, Milan
name: Milutinov Ilic, Senka
name: Belge, Catharina
name: Sitbon, Olivier
name: Reis, Abílio
name: Rosenkranz, Stephan
name: Pepke-Zaba, Joanna
name: Humbert, Marc
name: Delcroix, Marion
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer

description: Additional File 2. Complete results of the answers to the questionnaire.
Exploring the QCD vacuum - (some) recent developments in confinement and topology
Creators: name: Bruckmann, Falk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I start by giving a brief overview over new developments in the area of confinement and topology. As an example for the interrelations between topological objects, instantons at finite temperature are discussed. Then I focus on new insights into the structure of the QCD vacuum obtained through filtering methods, in particular those based on decompositions w.r.t. fermionic eigenmodes.
description: 13 pages; plenary talk given at 25th International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory, Regensburg, Germany, 30 Jul - 4 Aug 2007
Falls, walking or balance problems, and limitations in activities of daily living (ADLs) among older endometrial cancer survivors
Creators: name: Park, J.
name: Brewster, W.
name: Olshan, A.
name: Kent, E.
name: Nichols, H.B.
name: Anderson, C.
name: Bae-Jump, V.
Publisher: name: Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH
Year: 2022

description: Purpose: Functional status deficits are important quality of life concerns for older cancer survivors. We examined the prevalence of falls, walking/balance problems, and limitations in activities of daily living (ADLs) among older women with a history of endometrial cancer. Methods: Cancer registry records from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program linked with Medicare Health Outcomes Survey (MHOS) data were used to identify endometrial cancer survivors aged ≥ 65 years who completed a survey ≥ 1 year after their cancer diagnosis (N = 3766), as well as an age- and race-matched group of women without a cancer history (N = 3766). We estimated prevalence ratios (PRs) to compare the prevalence of falls, walking or balance problems, and limitations in ADLs (bathing, dressing, eating, getting in/out of chairs, walking, using the toilet) between groups. Results: Difficulty with walking or balance was more common among survivors than the noncancer group (43% vs 36%; PR = 1.19; 95% CI: 1.10–1.27). Fall prevalence was similar between groups (endometrial cancer: 25%; noncancer: 26%; PR = 0.98; 95% CI: 0.89–1.08). Nearly half of endometrial cancer survivors (47%) reported at least one ADL limitation, with several activities (getting in/out of a chair, walking, bathing, using the toilet) more often limited among survivors than among women without cancer. Conclusion: Functional impairments, especially problems with walking and/or balance, are common among older endometrial cancer survivors. Our results highlight the importance of addressing functional problems during the ongoing survivorship care of women with a history of endometrial cancer, with referral to rehabilitation or other relevant services when indicated.
A Predictive Model of Noncardia Gastric Adenocarcinoma Risk Using Antibody Response to Helicobacter pylori Proteins and Pepsinogen
Creators: name: Tsugane, S.
name: Inoue, M.
name: Troester, M.A.
name: Qiao, Y.-L.
name: Murphy, J.D.
name: Epplein, M.
name: Abnet, C.C.
name: Olshan, A.F.
name: Nichols, H.B.
name: Lin, F.-C.
name: Butt, J.
Publisher: name: American Association for Cancer Research Inc.
Year: 2022

description: Background: Blood-based biomarkers for gastric cancer risk stratification could facilitate targeting screening to people who will benefit from it most. The ABC Method, which stratifies individuals by their Helicobacter pylori infection and serum-diagnosed chronic atrophic gastritis status, is currently used in Japan for this purpose. Most gastric cancers are caused by chronic H. pylori infection, but few studies have explored the capability of antibody response to H. pylori proteins to predict gastric cancer risk in addition to established predictors. Methods: We used the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (Lasso) to build a predictive model of noncardia gastric adenocarcinoma risk from serum data on pepsinogen and antibody response to 13 H. pylori antigens as well as demographic and lifestyle factors from a large international study in East Asia. Results: Our best model had a significantly (P < 0.001) higher AUC of 73.79% [95% confidence interval (CI), 70.86%–76.73%] than the ABC Method (68.75%; 95% CI, 65.91%–71.58%). At 75% specificity, the new model had greater sensitivity than the ABC Method (58.67% vs. 52.68%) as well as NPV (68.24% vs. 66.29%). Conclusions: Along with serologically defined chronic atrophic gastritis, antibody response to the H. pylori proteins HP 0305, HP 1564, and UreA can improve the prediction of gastric cancer risk. Impact: The new risk stratification model could help target more invasive gastric screening resources to individuals at high risk.
Infants’ emotional and social experiences during and after the transition to early childhood education and care
Creators: name: Gath, Megan E
name: Herold, Laura
name: Hunkin, Elise
name: McNair, Lynn J
name: Redder, Bridgette
name: Rutanen, Niina
name: White, E Jayne
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 3903
subject: Education systems

description: The socio-emotional experiences of infants during transitions to early childhood education and care (ECEC) and across their first year in these out-of-home contexts are not well known. In an international project across five countries (New Zealand, Finland, Australia, Scotland and the United States), observational data, video of key moments, plus re-probing interviews with parents and teachers concerning 10 infants (six females) aged 5–13 months were collected across the first year of ECEC. An embedded case study design was used to analyse infant experiences from both quantitative and qualitative perspectives. Findings indicated low positive affect on infants’ first day of ECEC that increased after the first week and throughout the first year of ECEC. Drop-off periods remained a time of negative emotionality for the first month of ECEC. Over time more positive emotional experiences were evident, with peer interactions fostering positive affect, activeness and involvement, while one-on-one interactions with teachers were an important context for interpersonal engagement and well-being. These findings shed light on the highly charged emotional experience for infants when they transition to institutional care, and how these might be ameliorated in practice.
Instantons And Baryon Mass Splittings in the MIT Bag Model
Creators: name: Klabučar, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The contribution of instanton-induced effective inter-quark interactions to the baryon mass splittings was considered in the bag model. It is found that results are different from those obtained in the constituent quark model where the instanton effects are like those from one-gluon exchange. This is because in the context of the bag model calculation the one-body instanton-induced interaction has to be included.
description: 23 pages, report ZTF-93/10 (to appear in Phys.Rev. D)
Higgs Pair Productions in the CP-violating Two-Higgs-Doublet Model
Creators: name: Bian, Ligong
name: Chen, Ning
name: Jiang, Yun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The SM-like Higgs pair productions are discussed in the framework of the general CP-violating two-Higgs-doublet model, where we find the CP-violating mixing angles can be related to the Higgs self couplings. Therefore, the future experimental searches for Higgs boson pairs can be constrained by the improved precision of the electric dipole moment measurements. Based on a series constraints of the SM-like Higgs boson signal fits, the perturbative unitarity and stability bounds to the Higgs potential, and the most recent LHC searches for the heavy Higgs bosons, we suggest a set of benchmark models for the future high-energy collider searches for the Higgs pair productions. The $e^+ e^-$ colliders operating at $\sqrt{s}=$ (500 GeV, 1 TeV) are capable of measuring the Higgs cubic self couplings of the benchmark models directly. We also estimate the cross sections of the resonance contributions to the Higgs pair productions for the benchmark models at the future LHC and SppC/Fcc-hh runs.
description: 6 pages, presentation at the IAS Program on HEP, January 2017, Hong Kong, based on 1607.02703
title: Chandra observation of the edge-on spiral NGC 5775: probing the hot galactic disc/halo connection
Creators: name: Li, JT
name: Li, Z
name: Wang, QD
name: Irwin, JA
name: Rossa, J
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: * galaxies: general; * galaxies: individual: NGC 5775; * galaxies: spiral; * X-rays: general
subject: Astrophysics and Astronomy

description: This is the pre-published version harvested from ArXiv. The published version is located at http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2008.13749.x/abstract
description: We study the edge-on galaxy NGC 5775, utilizing a 58.2 ks Chandra ACIS-S observation together with complementary Hubble Space Telescope (HST) ACS, Spitzer IRAC and other multi-wavelength data sets. This edge-on galaxy, with its disc-wide active star formation, is particularly well suited for studying the disc/halo interaction on subgalactic scales. We detect 27 discrete X-ray sources within the D25 region of the galaxy, including an ultra-luminous source with a 0.3–7 keV luminosity of ∼7 × 1040 erg s−1. The source-removed diffuse X-ray emission shows several prominent extraplanar features, including a ∼10 kpc diameter ‘shell-like’ feature and a ‘blob’ reaching a projected distance of ∼25 kpc from the galactic disc. The bulk of the X-ray emission in the halo has a scale height of ∼1.5 kpc and can be characterized by a two-temperature optically thin thermal plasma with temperatures of ∼0.2 and 0.6 keV and a total 0.3–2 keV luminosity of ∼3.5 × 1039 erg s−1. The high-resolution, multi-wavelength data reveal the presence of several extraplanar features around the disc, which appear to be associated with the in-disc star formation. We suggest that hot gas produced with different levels of mass loading can have different temperatures, which may explain the characteristic temperatures of hot gas in the halo. We have obtained a subgalactic scale X-ray-intensity–star-formation relation, which is consistent with the integrated version in other star-forming galaxies.