cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Opportunistic Data Gathering and Dissemination in Urban Scenarios
Creators: name: Bujari, Armir <1984>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2014
Subjects: INF/01 Informatica

description: In the era of the Internet of Everything, a user with a handheld or wearable device equipped with sensing capability has become a producer as well as a consumer of
information and services. The more powerful these devices get, the more likely it is that they will generate and share content locally, leading to the presence of distributed information sources and the diminishing role of centralized servers.

As of current practice, we rely on infrastructure acting as an intermediary, providing access to the data. However, infrastructure-based connectivity might not always be available or the best alternative. Moreover, it is often the case where the data and the processes acting upon them are of local scopus. Answers to a query about a nearby object, an information source, a process, an experience, an ability, etc. could be answered locally without reliance on infrastructure-based platforms. The data might have temporal validity limited to or bounded to a geographical
area and/or the social context where the user is immersed in.

In this envisioned scenario users could interact locally without the need for a central authority, hence, the claim of an infrastructure-less, provider-less platform. The data is owned by the users and consulted locally as opposed to the current approach of making them available globally
and stay on forever. From a technical viewpoint, this network resembles a Delay/Disruption Tolerant Network where consumers and producers might be spatially and temporally decoupled exchanging information with each other in an adhoc fashion.

To this end, we propose some novel data gathering and dissemination strategies for use in urban-wide environments which do not rely on strict infrastructure mediation. While preserving the general aspects of our study and without loss of generality, we focus our attention toward practical applicative scenarios which help us capture the characteristics of opportunistic communication networks.
Collisions of low-energy antiprotons with molecular hydrogen: ionization, excitation and stopping power
Creators: name: Lühr, Armin
name: Saenz, Alejandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A time-dependent coupled-channel approach was used to calculate ionization, excitation, and energy-loss cross sections as well as energy spectra for antiproton and proton collisions with molecular hydrogen for impact energies 8 keV < E < 4000 keV.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, conference LEAP08
Rigorous theory of thin-vapor-layer linear optical properties: The case of quenching of atomic polarization upon collisions of atoms with dielectric walls
Creators: name: Ermolaev, Andrei
name: Vartanyan, Tigran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hot alkali metal vapors enclosed in sub-micron spectroscopic cells provide an ideal system for fundamental studies of the atom-wall and atom-light interactions at nanoscale. Here, we propose a novel approach for calculating the eigenmodes of a thin-vapor-layer beyond the limitations of the first-order perturbation theory in optical density for the case of quenching of atomic polarization upon collisions of atoms with dielectric walls. We show that higher-order optical density corrections lead to a remarkable density-dependent blue shift and deformation of the spectral line shapes of reflection, transmission, and absorption. We also demonstrate that the eigenmodes of the thin-vapor-layer can be calculated independently of the choice of optical boundary conditions. This greatly extends the applicability of the constructed theory for the development of miniature atomic sensors.
${\cal N}=4$ supersymmetric Yang-Mills thermodynamics from effective field theory
Creators: name: Andersen, Jens O.
name: Du, Qianqian
name: Strickland, Michael
name: Tantary, Ubaid
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The free energy density of ${\cal N}=4$ supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory in four space-time dimensions is derived through second order in the 't Hooft coupling $λ$ at finite temperature using effective-field theory methods. The contributions to the free energy density at this order come from the hard scale $T$ and the soft scale $\sqrtλ T$. The effects of the scale $T$ are encoded in the coefficients of an effective three-dimensional field theory that is obtained by dimensional reduction at finite temperature. The effects of the electric scale $\sqrtλ T$ are taken into account by perturbative calculations in the effective theory.
description: 12 pages, 9 figures; v2 - minor typos fixes; published version
Relativistic oblique shocks with ordered or random magnetic fields: tangential field governs
Creators: name: Ma, Jing-Ze
name: Zhang, Bing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Relativistic magnetohydrodynamic shocks are efficient particle accelerators, often invoked in the models of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) and shock-powered fast radio bursts (FRBs). Most theoretical studies assume a perpendicular shock with an ordered magnetic field perpendicular to the shock normal. However, the degree of magnetization $σ$ and the magnetic field geometry in shock-powered GRB/FRB scenarios are still poorly constrained by observations. Analogous to the magnetization $σ$ associated with the total field strength, we define a tangential magnetization $σ_\perp$ associated with the tangential field component. We explore the jump conditions of magnetized relativistic shocks, either with an ordered field of arbitrary inclination angle or with a random field of arbitrary anisotropy. In either case, we find that the jump conditions of relativistic shocks are governed by the tangential magnetization $σ_\perp$ instead of the total magnetization $σ$, insensitive to the inclination angles or the anisotropy of the pre-shock magnetic field. The approximated analytical solution developed in this work could serve as a quick check for numerical simulations and apply to theoretical studies of GRBs/FRBs with a more general field geometry.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering (CE$ν$NS) event rates for Ge, Zn and Si detector materials
Creators: name: Kosmas, T. S.
name: Kota, V. K. B.
name: Papoulias, D. K.
name: Sahu, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Realistic nuclear structure calculations are presented for the event rates due to coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering (CE$ν$NS), assuming neutrinos from pion-decay at-rest, from nuclear reactors and from Earth's interior. We focus on the currently interesting Germanium isotopes, $^{70,73,76}$Ge, which constitute detector materials of the recently planned CE$ν$NS experiments. We study in addition the potential use of $^{64,70}$Zn and $^{28}$Si isotopes as promising CE$ν$NS detectors. From nuclear physics perspectives, recently, calculations have been carried out within the framework of the deformed shell-model (DSM), based on realistic nuclear forces, and assessed on the reproducibility of spectroscopic nuclear properties. The high confidence level acquired by their agreement with experimental results and by their comparison with other mostly phenomenological calculations encouraged the use of DSM to extract predictions for the CE$ν$NS event rates of the above isotopes. Our detailed estimation of the nuclear physics aspects of the recently observed neutral current coherent neutrino-nucleus scattering may shed light on unravelling the still remaining uncertainties for the CE$ν$NS process within and beyond the Standard Model.
description: 13 pages, 1 table, 6 figures. V2: References added, discussion on the h.o. parameter expanded, matches the published version
Primordial gravitational waves from NANOGrav: a broken power-law approach
Creators: name: Benetti, Micol
name: Graef, Leila Lobato
name: Vagnozzi, Sunny
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit the possibility that the stochastic common-spectrum process recently detected by the NANOGrav pulsar timing array experiment could be due to primordial gravitational waves (GWs). A naïve extrapolation down to interferometer scales of the blue GW spectrum required to explain NANOGrav consistently with Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) observations would strongly violate upper limits on the stochastic GW background (SGWB) amplitude from LIGO/Virgo. In combination with the fact that there are over 19 decades in frequency between CMB and interferometer scales, this motivates us to move beyond the commonly adopted approximation of a pure power-law GW spectrum. We consider a broken power-law parametrization for the SGWB spectrum, which turns from blue to red above the break frequency: while phenomenological, this choice maps to various well-motivated early-Universe models, including scenarios featuring non-instantaneous reheating or a non-standard background expansion following reheating. After a detailed discussion of the contribution of the resulting SGWB to the early-Universe radiation energy density, we constrain the broken power-law model against a wide variety of multi-frequency cosmological and GW observations. We find that this phenomenological model is able to explain the NANOGrav signal while remaining in agreement with upper limits on the tensor-to-scalar ratio on CMB scales, Big Bang Nucleosynthesis constraints on the early-Universe radiation energy density, and upper limits on the SGWB amplitude on interferometer scales. We briefly discuss the very bright prospects for testing this model with next-generation probes across the GW frequency landscape, which motivate further exploring connections to specific well-motivated early-Universe models.
description: 22 pages, 4 figures, 1 table. v2: added references, version accepted for publication in PRD
Inclusion systems and amalgamated products of product systems
Creators: name: Bhat, B. V. Rajarama
name: Mukherjee, Mithun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46L55, 46C05

description: Here we generalize the concept of spatial tensor product, introduced by Skeide, of two product systems via a pair of normalized units. This new notion is called amalgamated tensor product of product systems, and now the amalgamation can be done using a contractive morphism. Index of amalgamation product (when done through units) adds up for normalized units but for non-normalized units, the index is one more than the sum. We define inclusion systems and use it as a tool for index computations. It is expected that this notion will have other uses.
description: 13 pages, Improved version.
Exploration of nonlocalities in ensembles consisting of bipartite quantum states
Creators: name: Ye, Ming-Yong
name: Bai, Yan-Kui
name: Lin, Xiu-Min
name: Wang, Z. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is revealed that ensembles consisting of multipartite quantum states can exhibit different kinds of nonlocalities. An operational measure is introduced to quantify nonlocalities in ensembles consisting of bipartite quantum states. Various upper and lower bounds for the measure are estimated and the exact values for ensembles consisting of mutually orthogonal maximally entangled bipartite states are evaluated.
description: The title and some contents changed, 4 pages, no figures
Summary Report of the 721th WE-Heraeus-Seminar: Light Dark Matter Searches
Creators: name: Achenbach, P.
name: Doria, L.
name: Battaglieri, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dark matter is the name assigned to one of the most important contemporary challenges that fundamental physics research is facing. In recent years, the hypothesis that dark matter might be "light" is gaining interest. Following this idea, dark matter particles belong to a new, unexplored dark sector, that is communicating with the Standard Model through one (or more) dark mediator particles. The mass scale of such dark sector particles, i.e. the mediators and the stable dark matter particles, could be comparable to the proton mass or below. Light dark matter would be very difficult to detect with high-energy colliders or with direct detection experiments, so that accelerator-based dark matter searches with smaller, but dedicated experiments are important. The capabilities of high-intensity cw electron and proton beams enable unique opportunities for probing the dark sector. These experimental approaches are complementary to searches for dark matter at the high-energy frontier with the LHC at CERN. The aim of the workshop was to discuss light dark matter searches with national and international experts from experiments as well as from theory.
description: 35 pages, 721. WE-Heraeus-Seminar, 8 - 11 June 2021
Nonlocal entanglement in hybrid superconducting and normal-metal three terminal devices
Creators: name: Wei, Jian
name: Chandrasekhar, Venkat
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nonlocal entanglement is crucial for quantum information processes. While nonlocal entanglement has been realized for photons, it is much more difficult to demonstrate for electrons. One approach that has been proposed is to use hybrid superconducting/normal-metal devices, where a Cooper pair splits into spin-entangled electrons in two spatially separated normal-metal leads. This process of nonlocal Andreev reflection is predicted to lead to a negative nonlocal resistance and positive current-current correlation. By cross-correlation measurements as well as measurements of the local and nonlocal resistance, we present here experimental evidence showing that by independently controlling the energy of electrons at the superconductor/normal-metal interfaces, nonlocal Andreev reflction, the signature of spin-entanglement, can be maximized.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
Hawking Radiation, Covariant Boundary Conditions and Vacuum States
Creators: name: Banerjee, Rabin
name: Kulkarni, Shailesh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The basic characteristics of the covariant chiral current $$ and the covariant chiral energy-momentum tensor $$ are obtained from a chiral effective action. These results are used to justify the covariant boundary condition used in recent approaches \cite{Isowilczek,Isoumtwilczek,shailesh,shailesh2,Banerjee} of computing the Hawking flux from chiral gauge and gravitational anomalies. We also discuss a connection of our results with the conventional calculation of nonchiral currents and stress tensors in different (Unruh, Hartle-Hawking and Boulware) states.
description: 18 pages, no figures, minor changes, to appear in Phys. Rev. D
T.S. Eliot’s impersonality : a study of the personae in Eliot’s major poems
Creators: name: McNeal, David Stuart
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This thesis is a study of T. S. Eliot's "impersonal" theory of poetry, particularly as it affected his own poetic work. To this end it focuses upon Eliot's personae in order to demonstrate the extent to which his concern with personality influenced his poetry and, in addition, how the theory and the poetry developed together throughout his career. Eliot's original distrust of personality in poetry was based upon two distinct, though related, tenets. First, he held that poetry (indeed, all art) is--or should be--"ideal" in the classic sense. That is, it should reflect the type, not the individual, the form, not the personality, the absolute, not the transient. Second, he distrusted human nature itself, and therefore doubted the value of the individual human personality. The first of these tenets, the poetic theory, received its first and most extreme airing in "Tradition and the Individual Talent"; the second, the view of human nature, coloured most of the early poetry. The resulting distrust of human personality, combined with Eliot's clear knowledge of the temptations of romantic self-expression, led him to develop a series of personae and other poetic devices with which he could disguise his own voice. At the same time, however, Eliot was concerned with exploring the limitations of the human personality. Consequently, most of the early major poems--"Prufrock," "Portrait of a Lady," and "Gerontion," for example--employ impersonal narrators in order to examine, in part, the excesses and failures of personality. In "The Waste Land" Eliot's characteristic dramatic narrator began to become less distinctly apparent, though Eliot was still reluctant to use his own voice. And although in the "Ariel" poems he returned to the genre of the dramatic monologue, he began to investigate the possibility of human salvation rather than of human hopelessness. At the same time, in "Ash Wednesday" he began to record his own personal record of spiritual doubt and hope. This development reached its conclusion in the "Four Quartets" where by reconciling his own limited human experience with an absolute and eternal world, he was finally able to speak freely of his own life in his own voice without lapsing into the romantic fallacies he feared as a young man.
Blue-Cloud 2026 - D4.1 Blue Cloud VLabs technical requirements
Creators: name: Martin-Cabrera, Patricia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: VLabs
VRE
workflows

description: This deliverable describes and summarises the technical requirements
concerning the input data, workflows and outputs towards the implementation
of the five Virtual Laboratories (VLabs) in the Blue-Cloud Virtual Research
Environment (VRE). These technical requirements are assessed by CNR-ISTI,
partner responsible for the Blue-Cloud VRE (WP5), to ensure they meet the
platform requirements and further develop the services provided by
Blue-Cloud.
On the characterization of the regions of feasible trajectories in the workspace of parallel manipulators
Creators: name: Chablat, Damien
name: Wenger, Philippe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: It was shown recently that parallel manipulators with several inverse kinematic solutions have the ability to avoid parallel singularities [Chablat 1998a] and self-collisions [Chablat 1998b] by choosing appropriate joint configurations for the legs. In effect, depending on the joint configurations of the legs, a given configuration of the end-effector may or may not be free of singularity and collision. Characterization of the collision/singularity-free workspace is useful but may be insufficient since two configurations can be accessible without collisions nor singularities but it may not exist a feasible trajectory between them. The goal of this paper is to define the maximal regions of the workspace where it is possible to execute trajectories. Twodifferent families of regions are defined : 1. those regions where the end-effector can move between any set of points, and 2. the regions where any continuous path can be tracked. These regions are characterized from the notion of aspects and free-aspects recently defined for parallel manipulators [Chablat 1998b]. The construction of these regions is achieved by enrichment techniques and using an extension of the octree structures to spaces of dimension greater than three. Illustrative examples show the interest of this study to the optimization of trajectories and the design of parallel manipulators.
Shape measurement biases from underfitting and ellipticity gradients
Creators: name: Bernstein, Gary M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Precision weak gravitational lensing experiments require measurements of galaxy shapes accurate to <1 part in 1000. We investigate measurement biases, noted by Voigt and Bridle (2009) and Melchior et al. (2009), that are common to shape measurement methodologies that rely upon fitting elliptical-isophote galaxy models to observed data. The first bias arises when the true galaxy shapes do not match the models being fit. We show that this "underfitting bias" is due, at root, to these methods' attempts to use information at high spatial frequencies that has been destroyed by the convolution with the point-spread function (PSF) and/or by sampling. We propose a new shape-measurement technique that is explicitly confined to observable regions of k-space. A second bias arises for galaxies whose ellipticity varies with radius. For most shape-measurement methods, such galaxies are subject to "ellipticity gradient bias". We show how to reduce such biases by factors of 20--100 within the new shape-measurement method. The resulting shear estimator has multiplicative errors <1 part in 1000 for high-S/N images, even for highly asymmetric galaxies. Without any training or recalibration, the new method obtains Q=3000 in the GREAT08 Challenge of blind shear reconstruction on low-noise galaxies, several times better than any previous method.
description: Revision accepted to MNRAS. Now includes section 5.4 with results of tests on low noise images from GREAT08 Challenge.
A note on the algebraic growth rate of Poincaré series for Kleinian groups
Creators: name: Kesseböhmer, Marc
name: Stratmann, Bernd O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 30F40, 37A05

description: In this note we employ infinite ergodic theory to derive estimates for the algebraic growth rate of the Poincaré series for a Kleinian group at its critical exponent of convergence.
description: 8 pages
Stochastic Inflation and Replica Field Theory
Creators: name: Kuhnel, Florian
name: Schwarz, Dominik J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We adopt methods from statistical field theory to stochastic inflation. For the example of a free test field in de Sitter and power-law inflation, the power spectrum of long-wavelength fluctuations is computed. We study its dependence on the shape of the filter that separates long from short wavelength modes. While for filters with infinite support the phenomenon of dimensional reductions is found on large super-horizon scales, filters with compact support return a scale-invariant power spectrum in the infra-red. Features of the power spectrum, induced by the filter, decay within a few e-foldings. Thus the late-time power spectrum is independent of the filter details.
description: 15 pages, 14 figures
Effects of partnership quality, talent management, and global mindset on performance of offshore IT service providers in India
Creators: name: Raman, Revti
name: Chadee, D
name: Roxas, B
name: Michailova, S
Publisher: name: Open Access Victoria University of Wellington | Te Herenga Waka
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 150599 Marketing not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: 150399 Business and Management not elsewhere classified

description: This paper investigates the effects of partnership quality, talent management and global mindset on the performance of offshore service providers (OSPs) in the information technology sector in India. The findings show that partnership quality has partial and strong mediation effects on the impact of talent management and global mindset on performance of OSPs. We also find that talent management strongly mediates the effects of global mindset on partnership quality. Overall, the results confirm that global mindset, by itself, has limited direct influence on the performance of OSPs and that the full benefits of global mindset can only be enjoyed by OSPs which have well developed talent management and high quality partnerships with their clients. The implications and limitations of the study are also discussed. © 2013 Elsevier Inc.
Regular frames for spherically symmetric black holes revisited
Creators: name: Toporensky, A. V.
name: Zaslavskii, O. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a space-time of a spherically symmetric black hole with one simple horizon. As a standard coordinate frame fails in its vicinity, this requires continuation across the horizon and constructing frames which are regular there. Up to now, several standard frames of such a kind are known. It was shown in literature before, how some of them can be united in one picture as different limits of a general scheme. However, some types of frames (the Kruskal-Szekeres and Lema\^ıtre ones) and transformations to them from the original one remained completely disjoint. We show that the Kruskal-Szekeres and Lema\^ıtre frames stem from the same root. Overall, our approach in some sense completes the procedure and gives the most general scheme. We relate the parameter of transformation $e_{0}$ to the specific energy of fiducial observers and show that in the limit $% e_{0}\rightarrow 0$ a homogeneous metric under the horizon can be obtained by a smooth limiting transition.
description: 19 pages, 1 jpg figure; figure added, typos corrected; published version
Local X-ray Transform on Asymptotically Hyperbolic Manifolds via Projective Compactification
Creators: name: Eptaminitakis, Nikolas
name: Graham, C. Robin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C65, 35R30, 53C22

description: We prove local injectivity near a boundary point for the geodesic X-ray transform for an asymptotically hyperbolic metric even mod $O(ρ^5)$ in dimensions three and higher.
description: 30 pages. v2: Final version. Minor editorial changes. Dedication and memorial added
Non-abelian vortices, Hecke modifications and singular monopoles
Creators: name: Baptista, J. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this note we show that for the group G = U(N) the space of Hecke modifications of a rank N vector bundle over a Riemann surface C coincides with the moduli space of solutions of certain non-abelian vortex equations over C . Through the recent work of Kapustin and Witten this then leads to an isomorphism between the moduli space of vortices and the moduli space of singular monopoles on the product of C with a closed interval I .
description: 13 pages; v2, v3: minor corrections
A Measurement of Arcminute Anisotropy in the Cosmic Microwave Background with the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Array
Creators: name: Sharp, Matthew K.
name: Marrone, Daniel P.
name: Carlstrom, John E.
name: Culverhouse, Thomas
name: Greer, Christopher
name: Hawkins, David
name: Hennessy, Ryan
name: Joy, Marshall
name: Lamb, James W.
name: Leitch, Erik M.
name: Loh, Michael
name: Miller, Amber
name: Mroczkowski, Tony
name: Muchovej, Stephen
name: Pryke, Clem
name: Woody, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present 30 GHz measurements of the angular power spectrum of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) obtained with the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Array. The measurements are sensitive to arcminute angular scales, where secondary anisotropy from the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect (SZE) is expected to dominate. For a broad bin centered at multipole 4066 we find 67+77-50 uK^2, of which 26+/-5 uK^2 is the expected contribution from primary CMB anisotropy and 80+/-54 uK^2 is the expected contribution from undetected radio sources. These results imply an upper limit of 155 uK^2 (95% CL) on the secondary contribution to the anisotropy in our maps. This level of SZE anisotropy power is consistent with expectations based on recent determinations of the normalization of the matter power spectrum, i.e., sigma_8~0.8.
description: ApJ, 713, 82-89, (2010)
title: Tortícolis Infantil por imagen
Creators: name: Fernández Mata, Julio
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Paediatric

description: Objetivo docente
Revisión del tema
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivo docente:
Presentar algunas causas de tortícolis patológica en pacientes de nuestro Área de Salud durante el año 2012 en función de la edad y la clínica,
describiendo sus hallazgos radiográficos para orientar la prueba diagnóstica más adecuada para...
Interlayer magnetic interactions in $π/3$-twisted bilayer CrI$_3$
Creators: name: Yu, Haodong
name: Zhao, Jize
name: Zheng, Fawei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The interlayer magnetic interaction in bilayer CrI$_3$ plays a crucial role for its device applications. In this work, we studied the interlayer magnetic interaction in $π/3$-twisted bilayer CrI$_3$ using first-principles calculations. Our calculations show that the interlayer coupling can be ferromagnetic or antiferromagnetic depending crucially on lateral shift. The strongest antiferromagnetic interlayer interaction appears in the $\bar{A}A$-stacking. The magnetic force theory calculations demonstrate that such an antiferromagnetic interaction is dominanted by the $e_g$-$e_g$ channel. Particularly, the interlayer antiferromagnetic interaction is very sensitive to external pressure. This highly tunable interlayer interaction makes $π/3$-twisted bilayer CrI$_3$ a potential building block for magnetic field effect transistors and pressure sensors.
Axiomatic characterization of the $χ^{2}$ dissimilarity measure
Creators: name: Bouyssou, Denis
name: Marchant, Thierry
name: Pirlot, Marc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We axiomatically characterize the $χ^{2}$ dissimilarity measure. To this end, we solve a new generalization of a functional equation discussed in Aczel (Lectures on functional equations and their applications, Academic Press, 1966).
A boundary stress tensor for higher-derivative gravity in AdS and Lifshitz backgrounds
Creators: name: Hohm, Olaf
name: Tonni, Erik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the Brown-York stress tensor for curvature-squared theories. This requires a generalized Gibbons-Hawking term in order to establish a well-posed variational principle, which is achieved in a universal way by reducing the number of derivatives through the introduction of an auxiliary tensor field. We examine the boundary stress tensor thus defined for the special case of `massive gravity' in three dimensions, which augments the Einstein-Hilbert term by a particular curvature-squared term. It is shown that one obtains finite results for physical parameters on AdS upon adding a `boundary cosmological constant' as a counterterm, which vanishes at the so-called chiral point. We derive known and new results, like the value of the central charges or the mass of black hole solutions, thereby confirming our prescription for the computation of the stress tensor. Finally, we inspect recently constructed Lifshitz vacua and a new black hole solution that is asymptotically Lifshitz, and we propose a novel and covariant counterterm for this case.
description: 25 pages, 1 figure; v2: minor corrections, references added, to appear in JHEP
title: Utilidad de la difusión en los tumores óseos y de partes blandas. Correlación ADC-Hallazgos histológicos
Creators: name: Carrascoso Arranz, Javier
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Neoplasia
subject: Treatment effects
subject: MR-Spectroscopy
subject: MR
subject: Musculoskeletal soft tissue
subject: Musculoskeletal bone

description: Objetivos
Material y método
Resultados
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivos:
Mostrar la utilidad de la técnica de difusión por resonancia en el estudio de los tumores musculoesqueléticos,
correlacionando los valores de ADC con los hallazgos histológicos. Intentar establecer unos valores de referencia para cada tipo de...
title: TC en el diagnóstico de Complicaciones  Post CPRE: De Lo Habitual a  Lo Inhabitual
Creators: name: Ortega Molina, Lesly Yanory
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: CT
subject: Abdomen

description: Objetivo docente
Revisión del tema
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivo docente:
Objetivo docente: Describir e ilustrar las complicaciones post CPRE diagnosticadas mediante...
title: Reacciones Alérgicas al Contraste Yodado: del miedo a la confianza
Creators: name: Goic Ortiz, Vanessa
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Drugs / Reactions
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: CT
subject: Contrast agents

description: Objetivo docente
Revisión del tema
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivo docente:
- Establecer la frecuencia de presentación de las reacciones alérgicas en pacientes sometidos a un estudio de TC con contraste yodado intravenoso. - Conocer las principales reacciones alérgicas a contrastes yodados y sus grados de severidad. -...
Towards a Reconstruction of Thermal Properties of Light Nuclei from Fusion - Evaporation reactions
Creators: name: Baiocco, Giorgio <1984>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2012
Subjects: FIS/04 Fisica nucleare e subnucleare

description: This thesis work has been developed in the framework of a new experimental campaign, proposed by the NUCL-EX Collaboration (INFN III Group), in order to progress in the understanding of the statistical properties of light nuclei, at excitation energies above particle emission threshold, by measuring exclusive data from fusion-evaporation reactions. 
The determination of the nuclear level density in the A~20 region, 
the understanding of the statistical behavior of light nuclei with excitation energies ~3 A.MeV, 
and the measurement of observables linked to the presence of cluster structures of nuclear excited 
levels are the main physics goals of this work.
On the theory side, the contribution to this project given by this work lies in the development of a dedicated Monte-Carlo Hauser-Feshbach code for the evaporation of the compound nucleus.
The experimental part of this thesis has consisted in the participation to the measurement 12C+12C at 95 MeV beam energy, at Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro - INFN, using the GARFIELD+Ring Counter(RCo) set-up, from the beam-time request to the data taking, data reduction, detector calibrations and data analysis. 
Different results of the data analysis are presented in this thesis, together with a theoretical study of the system, performed with the new statistical decay code.
As a result of this work, constraints on the nuclear level density at high excitation energy 
for light systems ranging from C up to Mg are given. Moreover, pre-equilibrium effects, tentatively interpreted as alpha-clustering effects, are put in evidence, both in the entrance channel of the reaction and in the dissipative dynamics on the path towards thermalisation.
Comparing Different Approaches for Clustering Categorical Data
Creators: name: Anderlucci, Laura <1984>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2012
Subjects: SECS-S/01 Statistica

description: There are different ways to do cluster analysis of categorical data in the literature and the choice among them is strongly related to the aim of the researcher, if we do not take into account time and economical constraints.
Main approaches for clustering are usually distinguished into model-based and distance-based methods: the former assume that objects belonging to the same class are similar in the sense that their observed values come from the same probability distribution, whose parameters are unknown and need to be estimated; the latter evaluate distances among objects by a defined dissimilarity measure and, basing on it, allocate units to the closest group.
In clustering, one may be interested in the classification of similar objects into groups, and one may be interested in finding observations that come from the same true homogeneous distribution.
But do both of these aims lead to the same clustering? And how good are clustering methods designed to fulfil one of these aims in terms of the other?
In order to answer, two approaches, namely a latent class model (mixture of multinomial distributions) and a partition around medoids one, are evaluated and compared by Adjusted Rand Index, Average Silhouette Width and Pearson-Gamma indexes in a fairly wide simulation study. Simulation
outcomes are plotted in bi-dimensional graphs via Multidimensional Scaling; size of points is proportional to the number of points that overlap and different colours are used according to the cluster membership.
Methane production through anaerobic digestion of dedicated energy crops
Creators: name: Di Girolamo, Giuseppe <1983>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2014
Subjects: AGR/02 Agronomia e coltivazioni erbacee

description: Methane yield of ligno-cellulosic substrates (i.e. dedicated energy crops and agricultural residues) may be limited by their composition and structural features. Hence, biomass pre-treatments are envisaged to overcome this constraint. This thesis aimed at: i) assessing biomass and methane yield of dedicated energy crops; ii) evaluating the effects of hydrothermal pre-treatments on methane yield of Arundo; iii) investigating the effects of NaOH pre-treatments and iv) acid pre-treatments on chemical composition, physical structure and methane yield of two dedicated energy crops and one agricultural residue.
Three multi-annual species (Arundo, Switchgrass and Sorghum Silk), three sorghum hybrids (Trudan Headless, B133 and S506) and a maize, as reference for AD, were studied in the frame of point i). Results exhibit the remarkable variation in biomass yield, chemical characteristics and potential methane yield. The six species alternative to maize deserve attention in view of a low need of external inputs but necessitate improvements in biodegradability.
In the frame of point ii), Arundo was subjected to hydrothermal pre-treatments at different temperature, time and acid catalyst (with and without H2SO4). Pre-treatments determined a variable effect on methane yield: pre-treatments without acid catalyst achieved up to +23% CH4 output, while pre-treatments with H2SO4 catalyst incurred a methanogenic inhibition. 
Two biomass crops (Arundo and B133) and an agricultural residue (Barley straw) were subject to NaOH and acid pre-treatments, in the frame of point iii) and iv), respectively. Different pre-treatments determined a change of chemical and physical structure and an increase of methane yield: up to +30% and up to +62% CH4 output in Arundo with NaOH and acid pre-treatments, respectively. 
It is thereby demonstrated that pre-treatments can actually enhance biodegradability and subsequent CH4 output of ligno-cellulosic substrates, although pre-treatment viability needs to be evaluated at the level of full scale biogas plants in a perspective of profitable implementation.
title: Hallazgos radiológicos de las lesiones inflamatorias e infecciosas en la mama.
Creators: name: Meseguer Ripollés, Mª Angeles
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Ultrasound
subject: MR
subject: Mammography
subject: Breast

description: Objetivo docente
Revisión del tema
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivo docente:
Conocer los hallazgos radiológicos de las lesiones infecciosas y condiciones inflamatorias que afectan a la mama,
así como distinguir entidades que pueden simular éste tipo de...
De Sitter space as BRST invariant coherent state of gravitons
Creators: name: Berezhiani, Lasha
name: Dvali, Gia
name: Sakhelashvili, Otari
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The $S$-matrix formulation indicates that a consistent embedding of de Sitter state in quantum gravity is possible exclusively as an excited quantum state constructed on top of a valid $S$-matrix vacuum such as Minkowski. In the present paper we offer such a construction of de Sitter in the form of a coherent state of gravitons. Unlike previous realizations of this idea, we focus on BRST invariance as the guiding principle for physicality. In order to establish the universal rules of gauge consistency, we study the BRST-invariant construction of coherent states created by classical and quantum sources in QED and in linearized gravity. Introduction of $N$ copies of scalar matter coupled to gravity allows us to take a special double scaling limit, a so-called species limit, in which our construction of de Sitter becomes exact. In this limit, the irrelevant quantum gravitational effects vanish whereas the collective phenomena, such as Gibbons-Hawking radiation, are calculable.
description: 12 pages; v2: minor corrections, refs. added
Incoherence of Bose-Einstein condensates at supersonic speeds due to quantum noise
Creators: name: Scott, R. G.
name: Hutchinson, D. A. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the effect of quantum noise in supersonic transport of Bose-Einstein condensates. When an obstacle obstructs the flow of atoms, quantum fluctuations cause atoms to be scattered incoherently into random directions. This suppresses the propagation of Cherenkov radiation, creating quantum turbulence and a crescent of incoherent atoms around the obstacle. We observe similar dynamics if the BEC is stirred by a laser beam: crescents of incoherent atoms are emitted from the laser's turning-points. Finally, we investigate supersonic flow through a disordered potential, and find that the quantum fluctuations generate an accumulation of incoherent atoms as the condensate enters the disorder.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
title: La eco-fast con una TC próxima a Urgencias: ¿es realmente resolutiva?
Creators: name: Fornell Pérez, Roberto
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Trauma
subject: Emergency
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Decision analysis
subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Objetivos
Material y método
Resultados
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivos:
El momento de recepción en de un paciente muy grave el Servicio de Urgencias es de gran complejidad,
con una necesidad evidente de una respuesta rápida y resolutiva.
Dentro del arsenal de pruebas radiológicas disponibles para la evaluación de...
title: Ganglión en el canal obturador como causa de neuropatía compresiva.
Creators: name: Alcázar Parra, Arantzazu
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Musculoskeletal soft tissue
subject: Neuroradiology peripheral nerve
subject: MR
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Tissue characterisation

description: Objetivos
Material y método
Resultados
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivos:
El síndrome del piramidal o pseudociática del piramidal es una patología relativamente frecuente e infradiagnosticada.
La causa más frecuente es la contractura del músculo piramidal,
dada la disposición del nervio ciático entre los dos...
title: Fracturas de codo en la edad pediátrica: diagnóstico por radiología simple.
Creators: name: Garmendia Lopetegui, Eñaut
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Trauma
subject: Education
subject: Conventional radiography
subject: Paediatric
subject: Musculoskeletal bone

description: Objetivo docente
Revisión del tema
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivo docente:
Revisar las particularidades anatómicas del codo en la edad pediatríca. Describir las claves diagnósticas de estas fracturas por radiología...
Classificazione su base molecolare dei tumori mammari della cagna mediante metodica immunoistochimica
Creators: name: Sassi, Francesco <1980>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2009
Subjects: VET/03 Patologia generale e anatomia patologica veterinaria

description: Background.  A new classification system of human breast tumours based on the immunohistochemical characterization has been applied to mammary tumours of the female dog with the aim to verify  its association with invasion and grade, and   prognostic aid   in veterinary medicine. 
Methods.  Forty-five canine mammary carcinomas with a   two-year post-mastectomy follow-up were selected from our database, and the following antibodies were applied: anti-cytokeratines 14, 5/6, oestrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and ERB-B2. .  The tumours were grouped  for phenotype as: luminal-like (ER+ and/or PR+, CK14-, CK5/6-) type A (ERB-B2-), and B (ERB-B2+); basal-like (ER-, PR-, CK14+ and/or CK5/6+, ERB-B2-); ERB-B2 (ER-, PR-, CK14-, CK5/6-, ERB-B2+). Association with invasion, grade and histotypes were evaluated  and Kaplan-Meier survival curves estimated, then compared by survival analysis. 
Results. Thirty-five cases  with luminal pattern (ER+ and PR+) were subgrouped into 13 A type and 22 B type,  if ERB-B2 positive or negative . Most luminal-like A and basal-like cases    were   grade 1 carcinomas, while the percentage of luminal B cases  was higher in grade 2 and 3   (Pearson Chi-square P=0.009).  No difference in the percentage of molecular subtypes  was evidenced between simple and complex/mixed carcinomas (Pearson Chi-square P=0.47). No significant results were obtained by survival analysis, even if basal-like had a more favourable prognosis  than luminal-like.  
Conclusion.   The  panel of antibodies   identified only 3 groups (luminal-like A and B, and basal-like) in the dog.    Even though  canine mammary tumours may be  a model of human breast cancer, the existence of  the same types of carcinoma as in the woman need to be confirmed.   Canine mammary carcinomas show  high  molecular heterogeneity, which would benefit from a classification based on molecular differences.  However, by multivariate analysis, the molecular  classification  appears a variable with a dependent value if compared to invasion and grade that are independent,  suggesting that, at present, caution should be used in the application of such a  classification  to the dog, in which invasion and grade  supply the  most important prognostic information.