cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Quantum process discrimination with restricted strategies
Creators: name: Nakahira, Kenji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The discrimination of quantum processes, including quantum states, channels, and superchannels, is a fundamental topic in quantum information theory. It is often of interest to analyze the optimal performance that can be achieved when discrimination strategies are restricted to a given subset of all strategies allowed by quantum mechanics. In this paper, we present a general formulation of the task of finding the maximum success probability for discriminating quantum processes as a convex optimization problem whose Lagrange dual problem exhibits zero duality gap. The proposed formulation can be applied to any restricted strategy. We also derive necessary and sufficient conditions for an optimal restricted strategy to be optimal within the set of all strategies. We provide a simple example in which the dual problem given by our formulation can be much easier to solve than the original problem. We also show that the optimal performance of each restricted process discrimination problem can be written in terms of a certain robustness measure. This finding has the potential to provide a deeper insight into the discrimination performance of various restricted strategies.
Disease progression patterns and risk factors associated with mortality in deceased patients with COVID‐19 in Hubei Province, China
Creators: name: Chen, Liang
name: Liu, Song
name: Tian, Juncai
name: Pan, Haisong
name: Liu, Yu
name: Hu, Jun
name: Wang, Maoren
name: Hou, Xuewen
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: COVID-19
subject: disease progression pattern
subject: SARS-CoV-2
subject: SOFA score
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Background: Detailed descriptions of the patterns of disease progression of deceased coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients have not been well explored. Objectives: This study sought to explore disease progression patterns and risk factors associated with mortality of deceased patients with COVID-19. Materials and Methods: Epidemiological, clinical, laboratory, and imaging data (from 15 January to 26 March 2020) of laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 patients were collected retrospectively from two hospitals, Hubei province, China. Disease progression patterns of patients were analyzed based on laboratory data, radiological findings, and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score. Risk factors associated with death were analyzed. Results: A total of 792 patients were enrolled in this study, of whom 68 died and 724 survived. Complications during hospitalization, such as sepsis, severe acute respiratory distress syndrome, acute cardiac injury, and acute kidney injury, were markedly more frequent in deceased patients than in surviving patients. Deceased patients presented progressive deterioration pattern in laboratory variables, chest computed tomography evaluation, and SOFA score, while surviving patients presented initial deterioration to peak level involvement followed by improvement pattern over time. Days 10 to 14 after illness onset was a critical stage of disease course. Older age, number of preexisting comorbidities ≥2, and SOFA score were independently associated with death for COVID-19. Conclusions: Multiorgan dysfunction was common in deceased COVID-19 patients. Deceased patients presented progressive deterioration pattern, while surviving patients presented a relatively stable pattern during disease progression. Older age, number of preexisting comorbidities ≥2, and SOFA score were independent risk factors for death for COVID-19.
Phase separation and competition of superconductivity and magnetism in the two-dimensional Hubbard model: From strong to weak coupling
Creators: name: Aichhorn, M.
name: Arrigoni, E.
name: Potthoff, M.
name: Hanke, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cooperation and competition between the antiferromagnetic, d-wave superconducting and Mott-insulating states are explored for the two-dimensional Hubbard model including nearest and next-nearest-neighbor hoppings at zero temperature. Using the variational cluster approach with clusters of different shapes and sizes up to 10 sites, it is found that the doping-driven transition from a phase with microscopic coexistence of antiferromagnetism and superconductivity to a purely superconducting phase is discontinuous for strong interaction and accompanied by phase separation. At half-filling the system is in an antiferromagnetic Mott-insulating state with vanishing charge compressibility. Upon decreasing the interaction strength U below a certain critical value of roughly U=4 (in units of the nearest-neighbor hopping), however, the filling-dependent magnetic transition changes its character and becomes continuous. Phase separation or, more carefully, the tendency towards the formation of inhomogeneous states disappears. This critical value is in contrast to previous studies, where a much larger value was obtained. Moreover, we find that the system at half-filling undergoes the Mott transition from an insulator to a state with a finite charge compressibility at essentially the same value. The weakly correlated state at half-filling exhibits superconductivity microscopically admixed to the antiferromagnetic order. This scenario suggests a close relation between phase separation and the Mott-insulator physics.
description: 7 pages, 8 figures, revised version to be published in Phys. Rev. B
Real Time Turbulent Video Perfecting by Image Stabilization and Super-Resolution
Creators: name: Fishbain, Barak
name: Yaroslavsky, Leonid P.
name: Ideses, Ianir A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Image and video quality in Long Range Observation Systems (LOROS) suffer from atmospheric turbulence that causes small neighbourhoods in image frames to chaotically move in different directions and substantially hampers visual analysis of such image and video sequences. The paper presents a real-time algorithm for perfecting turbulence degraded videos by means of stabilization and resolution enhancement. The latter is achieved by exploiting the turbulent motion. The algorithm involves generation of a reference frame and estimation, for each incoming video frame, of a local image displacement map with respect to the reference frame; segmentation of the displacement map into two classes: stationary and moving objects and resolution enhancement of stationary objects, while preserving real motion. Experiments with synthetic and real-life sequences have shown that the enhanced videos, generated in real time, exhibit substantially better resolution and complete stabilization for stationary objects while retaining real motion.
description: Submitted to The Seventh IASTED International Conference on Visualization, Imaging, and Image Processing (VIIP 2007) August, 2007 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
The Science Case for LIGO-India
Creators: name: Saleem, M.
name: Rana, Javed
name: Gayathri, V.
name: Vijaykumar, Aditya
name: Goyal, Srashti
name: Sachdev, Surabhi
name: Suresh, Jishnu
name: Sudhagar, S.
name: Mukherjee, Arunava
name: Gaur, Gurudatt
name: Sathyaprakash, Bangalore
name: Pai, Archana
name: Adhikari, Rana X
name: Ajith, P.
name: Bose, Sukanta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The global network of gravitational-wave detectors has completed three observing runs with $\sim 50$ detections of merging compact binaries. A third LIGO detector, with comparable astrophysical reach, is to be built in India (LIGO-Aundha) and expected to be operational during the latter part of this decade. Multiple detectors operating at different parts of the globe will provide several pairs of interferometers with longer baselines and an increased network SNR. This will improve the sky localisation of GW events. Multiple detectors simultaneously in operation will also increase the baseline duty factor, thereby, leading to an improvement in the detection rates and, hence, the completeness of surveys. In this paper, we quantify the improvements due to the expansion of the LIGO Global Network (LGN) in the precision with which source properties will be measured. We also present examples of how this expansion will give a boost to tests of fundamental physics.
description: 29 pages, 8 figures
Brane-World Black Hole Solutions via a Confining Potential
Creators: name: Heydari-Fard, M.
name: Razmi, H.
name: Sepangi, H. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using a confining potential, we consider spherically symmetric vacuum (static black hole) solutions in a brane-world scenario. Working with a constant curvature bulk, two interesting cases/solutions are studied. A Schwarzschild-de Sitter black hole solution similar to the standard solution in the presence of a cosmological constant is obtained which confirms the idea that an extra term in the field equations on the brane can play the role of a positive cosmological constant and may be used to account for the accelerated expansion of the universe. The other solution is one in which we can have a proper potential to explain the galaxy rotation curves without assuming the existence of dark matter and without working with new modified theories (modified Newtonian dynamics).
description: 12 pages, to appear in PRD
How can open science help achieve the Sustainable Development Goals?
Creators: name: Nair-Bedouelle, Shamila
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: UNESCO
open science
science
open access to publications
open data
UNESCO Recommendation on Open Science
water
water secure world
climate change

description: The 41st session of the UNESCO General Conference unanimously endorsed the UNESCO Recommendation on Open Science in November. The presentation focuses on science to the service of humanity, science for people and planet, science related challenges, science at the core of SDGs, growing open access to publications, lessons learned from COVID 19, highlights, key opportunities and key challenges for open science for SDGs and for the implementation of the UNESCO Recommendation on Open Science, the role of UNESCO and the UNESCO water family and Open Science for a water secure world: UN SDG6 Global Accelerator Framework launched by the UN Water, The Intergovernmental Hydrological Programme (IHP) and IHP IX 2022 - 2029: Science for a Water Secure World in a Changing Environment, Biosphere and Heritage of Lake Chad project (BIOPALT) and UNESCO Water Quality Monitoring platform - case of Lake Chad Basin, Water disaster platform to enhance climate resilience in Africa (WADiRe-Africa project), Climate change impacts on snow glacier and water resources, Lake Lácar Ecohydrology Demosite (Argentina), Early warning systems, Science and technology IHP - Climate vulnerability and water resilience in Small Island Developing States (SIDS) and UNESCO’s open access Water Information Network System. Slides presented at FORCE2021 Conference.
Localized Electron States Near a Metal-Semiconductor Nanocontact
Creators: name: Demchenko, Denis O.
name: Wang, Lin-Wang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The electronic structure of nanowires in contact with metallic electrodes of experimentally relevant sizes is calculated by incorporating the electrostatic polarization potential into the atomistic single particle Schrödinger equation. We show that the presence of an electrode produces localized electron/hole states near the electrode, a phenomenon only exhibited in nanostructures and overlooked in the past. This phenomenon will have profound implications on electron transport in such nanosystems. We calculate several electrode/nanowire geometries, with varying contact depths and nanowire radii. We demonstrate the change in the band gap of up to 0.5 eV in 3 nm diameter CdSe nanowires and calculate the magnitude of the applied electric field necessary to overcome the localization.
description: 11 pages 4 figures
Integration of a Balanced Virtual Manikin in a Virtual Reality Platform aimed at Virtual Prototyping
Creators: name: Rennuit, Antoine
name: Micaelli, Alain
name: Merlhiot, Xavier
name: Andriot, Claude
name: Guillaume, François
name: Chevassus, Nicolas
name: Chablat, Damien
name: Chedmail, Patrick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The work presented here is aimed at introducing a virtual human controller in a virtual prototyping framework. After a brief introduction describing the problem solved in the paper, we describe the interest as for digital humans in the context of concurrent engineering. This leads us to draw a control architecture enabling to drive virtual humans in a real-time immersed way, and to interact with the product, through motion capture. Unfortunately, we show this control scheme can lead to unfeasible movements because of the lack of balance control. Introducing such a controller is a problem that was never addressed in the context of real-time. We propose an implementation of a balance controller, that we insert into the previously described control scheme. Next section is dedicated to show the results we obtained. Finally, we propose a virtual reality platform into which the digital character controller is integrated.
Understanding type IV pili mediated adhesion in streptococcus sanguinis.
Creators: name: Raynaud, Claire
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2021

description: Type IV pili (T4P) are widespread and highly dynamic hair-like bacterial appendages mediating a wide range of functions: DNA uptake, motility, adhesion etc. The bona fide T4P is mainly composed of major pilins but also contains minor pilins, whose functions are likely to be diverse but remain poorly defined. How T4P mediate adhesion is not understood as in other well characterised adhesive pili where tip-located adhesin subunits mediate direct binding to human cells and/or structures. In my thesis, I have addressed this question using the Gram-positive opportunistic pathogen Streptococcus sanguinis, which assembles retractable T4P using a simpler machinery. Importantly, S. sanguinis filaments have two unusual features: they are composed of two major pilins in a 4/3 ratio (PilE1 and PilE2), and they contain three additional pilin-like proteins with a conserved N-terminal pilin domain (PilA, PilB and PilC). The last two have specific additional domains grafted at their C-terminus. My work has shown that PilB, suggested to be tip-localised, exhibits an unusual bimodular pilin structure with a bulky vWA module which shows preferential binding to host components. PilB VWA domain also harbors a canonical MIDAS, which preferential binding to Mg2+ and Mn2+ is involved in twitching motility and binding to eukaryotic cells. I also found that PilC utilises a graft ConA-like domain which most likely recognises sialylated glycans. In parallel, I was also able to observe S. sanguinis T4P dynamics in real-time, demonstrating that it is similar to Gram-negative species. By identifying a new wide class of modular pilins and providing a detailed structure/function of one of them, this study significantly improves the general understanding of the molecular mechanisms of T4P-mediated adhesion.
Observation of spin-space quantum transport induced by an atomic quantum point contact
Creators: name: Ono, Koki
name: Higomoto, Toshiya
name: Saito, Yugo
name: Uchino, Shun
name: Nishida, Yusuke
name: Takahashi, Yoshiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum transport is ubiquitous in physics. So far, quantum transport between terminals has been extensively studied in solid state systems from the fundamental point of views such as the quantized conductance to the applications to quantum devices. Recent works have demonstrated a cold-atom analog of a mesoscopic conductor by engineering a narrow conducting channel with optical potentials, which opens the door for a wealth of research of atomtronics emulating mesoscopic electronic devices and beyond. Here we realize an alternative scheme of the quantum transport experiment with ytterbium atoms in a two-orbital optical lattice system. Our system consists of a multi-component Fermi gas and a localized impurity, where the current can be created in the spin space by introducing the spin-dependent interaction with the impurity. We demonstrate a rich variety of localized-impurity-induced quantum transports, which paves the way for atomtronics exploiting spin degrees of freedom.
description: 16 pages, 9 figures
Extended superconformal higher-spin gauge theories in four dimensions
Creators: name: Kuzenko, Sergei M.
name: Raptakis, Emmanouil S. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the off-shell formulation for ${\cal N}=2$ conformal supergravity in four dimensions, we describe superconformal higher-spin multiplets of conserved currents in a curved background and present their associated unconstrained gauge prepotentials. The latter are used to construct locally superconformal chiral actions, which are demonstrated to be gauge invariant in arbitrary conformally flat backgrounds. The main ${\cal N}=2$ results are then generalised to the ${\cal N}$-extended case. We also present the gauge-invariant field strengths for on-shell massless higher-spin ${\cal N}=2$ supermultiplets in anti-de Sitter space. These field strengths prove to furnish representations of the ${\cal N}=2$ superconformal group.
description: 31 pages; V3: title changed, references and comments added, a new section included, accepted for publication in JHEP
Multi-modal Visual Place Recognition in Dynamics-Invariant Perception Space
Creators: name: Wu, Lin
name: Wang, Teng
name: Sun, Changyin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Visual place recognition is one of the essential and challenging problems in the fields of robotics. In this letter, we for the first time explore the use of multi-modal fusion of semantic and visual modalities in dynamics-invariant space to improve place recognition in dynamic environments. We achieve this by first designing a novel deep learning architecture to generate the static semantic segmentation and recover the static image directly from the corresponding dynamic image. We then innovatively leverage the spatial-pyramid-matching model to encode the static semantic segmentation into feature vectors. In parallel, the static image is encoded using the popular Bag-of-words model. On the basis of the above multi-modal features, we finally measure the similarity between the query image and target landmark by the joint similarity of their semantic and visual codes. Extensive experiments demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed approach for place recognition in dynamic environments.
Coarsening of "clouds" and dynamic scaling in a far-from-equilibrium model system
Creators: name: Adams, D. A.
name: Schmittmann, B.
name: Zia, R. K. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A two-dimensional lattice gas of two species, driven in opposite directions by an external force, undergoes a jamming transition if the filling fraction is sufficiently high. Using Monte Carlo simulations, we investigate the growth of these jams ("clouds"), as the system approaches a non-equilibrium steady state from a disordered initial state. We monitor the dynamic structure factor $S(k_x,k_y;t)$ and find that the $k_x=0$ component exhibits dynamic scaling, of the form $S(0,k_y;t)=t^β\tilde{S}(k_yt^α)$. Over a significant range of times, we observe excellent data collapse with $α=1/2$ and $β=1$. The effects of varying filling fraction and driving force are discussed.
Form Factors in the Quark Resonance Model
Creators: name: Graczyk, K. M.
name: Sobczyk, J. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Vector and axial form factors in the quark resonance model are analyzed with a combination of theoretical and phenomenological arguments. The new form of form factors is deduced from $Δ$(1232) excitation models and available data. The vector part is shown to agree with the resonant contribution to electron-proton inclusive $F_2$ data. The axial part is obtained by finding a simultaneous fit to ANL and BNL $\frac{d σ}{d Q^2}$ neutrino scattering data. The best fit corresponds to $C_5^A(0)=0.88$ in the Rarita Schwinger formalism.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures, 3 tables
Balanced Virtual Humans Interacting with their Environment
Creators: name: Rennuit, Antoine
name: Micaelli, Alain
name: Merlhiot, Xavier
name: Andriot, Claude
name: Guillaume, François
name: Chevassus, Nicolas
name: Chablat, Damien
name: Chedmail, Patrick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The animation of human avatars seems very successful; the computer graphics industry shows outstanding results in films everyday, the game industry achieves exploits... Nevertheless, the animation and control processes of such manikins are very painful. It takes days to a specialist to build such animated sequences, and it is not adaptive to any type of modifications. Our main purpose is the virtual human for engineering, especially virtual prototyping. As for this domain of activity, such amounts of time are prohibitive.
Differential measurements of Z and γ bosons produced with jets at the CMS experiment
Creators: name: Zecchinelli, Angelo Giacomo
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2021

description: This thesis presents measurements of the differential cross-sections of Z + jets and γ + jets, and their ratio, as a function of the boson transverse momentum. In addition, a description of measurements of the angular distribution between the Z boson direction and a jet in events where the Z boson is emitted collinear with a jet is reported. The analysis is based on a data sample of proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 inverse fb recorded by the CMS experiment at the LHC. The data are compared to different theoretical predictions after correcting for detector effects. In general, the predictions at higher orders in perturbation theory show better agreement with the data. These results represent the first measurement of the differential cross-section ratio of Z + jets and γ + jets at 13 TeV and the first explicit measurement of collinear Z emission.
The Clinical Examination of Cattle. Pt. 2
Creators: name: Blood, D. C.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 1981

description: To examine all of the cattle in a herd is often not possible because of the cost involved and the principal decision before beginning the examination of a herd is to establish what the costs and benefits are likely to be and then to decide on a procedural pattern which will not sacrifice accuracy for speed and, on the other hand, will not spend unnecesary time accumulating unnecessary information. This paper is presented in order to provide some ground rules, some guidelines, for the field veterinarian faced with the task of examining a group of animals.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 1981
Exact relaxation to Gibbs and non-equilibrium steady states in the quantum cellular automaton Rule 54
Creators: name: Klobas, Katja
name: Bertini, Bruno
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases (nlin.CG)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the out-of-equilibrium dynamics of the quantum cellular automaton Rule 54 using a time-channel approach. We exhibit a family of (non-equilibrium) product states for which we are able to describe exactly the full relaxation dynamics. We use this to prove that finite subsystems relax to a one-parameter family of Gibbs states. We also consider inhomogeneous quenches. Specifically, we show that when the two halves of the system are prepared in two different solvable states, finite subsystems at finite distance from the centre eventually relax to the non-equilibrium steady state (NESS) predicted by generalised hydrodynamics. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first exact description of the relaxation to a NESS in an interacting system and, therefore, the first independent confirmation of generalised hydrodynamics for an inhomogeneous quench.
description: 47 pages, 3 figures; v2 accepted version
Detailed Models of super-Earths: How well can we infer bulk properties?
Creators: name: Valencia, Diana
name: Sasselov, Dimitar D.
name: O'Connell, Richard J.
name: ;
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The field of extrasolar planets has rapidly expanded to include the detection of planets with masses smaller than that of Uranus. Many of these are expected to have little or no hydrogen and helium gas and we might find Earth analogs among them. In this paper we describe our detailed interior models for a rich variety of such massive terrestrial and ocean planets in the 1-to-10 earth-mass range (super-Earths). The grid presented here allows the characterization of the bulk composition of super-Earths detected in transit and with a measured mass. We show that, on average, planet radius measurements to better than 5%, combined with mass measurements to better than 10% would permit us to distinguish between an icy or rocky composition. This is due to the fact that there is a maximum radius a rocky terrestrial planet may achieve for a given mass. Any value of the radius above this maximum terrestrial radius implies that the planet contains a large (> 10%) amount of water (ocean planet).
description: 21 Pages, 5 figures. This article will appear in Astrophysical Journal (around September)
Identification of immune mechanisms that are associated with visceral leishmaniasis relapse in patients with visceral leishmaniasis and HIV co-infection
Creators: name: Teferi, Yegnasew
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2021

description: Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) has emerged as a clinically important opportunistic infection in HIV-positive patients, as VL/HIV co-infected patients suffer from increased treatment failure, drug toxicity, mortality and VL relapse. Here, I followed cohorts of patients with VL only and co-infected with HIV in Ethiopia and collected detailed clinical and immunological data during 12 months of follow-up, to identify clinical and immunological markers that are associated with VL relapse. By the end of the study, 78.1% of VL/HIV patients, but none of the VL-only patients, had experienced VL relapse. Despite clinical and/or parasitological defined cure at the end of antileishmanial treatment, over time VL/HIV patients maintained high parasite loads, splenomegaly, low BMI, pancytopenia, high levels of programmed cell death protein 1 (PD1) on CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, impaired IFN-γ production capacity in a whole blood assay (WBA) and persistently high level of inflammatory cytokines. In contrast, these parameters were restored over time in patients with VL infection only. Furthermore, during follow-up these parameters were also associated with VL relapse in VL/HIV co-infection. Overall, my results suggest that in VL/HIV patients, VL relapses independent of the HIV viral load and the high rate of VL relapse in VL/HIV patients is at least in part due to their impaired capacity to restore CD4+ T cell counts and antigen-specific IFN-γ production in the whole blood assay; as well as high levels of the inhibitory molecule PD1 on T cells and high levels of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in the plasma. Furthermore, the impaired IFN-γ production and the persistently high levels of PD1 on T cells in VL/HIV patients suggests that these patients might also benefit from immunotherapy with IFN-γ and anti-PD1.
Virtual reality: A human centered tool for improving Manufacturing
Creators: name: Bennis, Fouad
name: Chablat, Damien
name: Dépincé, Philippe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Manufacturing is using Virtual Reality tools to enhance the product life cycle. Their definitions are still in flux and it is necessary to define their connections. Thus, firstly, we will introduce more closely some definitions where we will find that, if the Virtual manufacturing concepts originate from machining operations and evolve in this manufacturing area, there exist a lot of applications in different fields such as casting, forging, sheet metalworking and robotics (mechanisms). From the recent projects in Europe or in USA, we notice that the human perception or the simulation of mannequin is more and more needed in both fields. In this context, we have isolated some applications as ergonomic studies, assembly and maintenance simulation, design or training where the virtual reality tools can be applied. Thus, we find out a family of applications where the virtual reality tools give the engineers the main role in the optimization process. We will illustrate our paper by several examples where virtual reality interfaces are used and combined with optimization tools as multi-agent systems.
Electronic structure and unconventional non-linear response in double Weyl semimetal SrSi$_2$
Creators: name: Sadhukhan, Banasree
name: Nag, Tanay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Considering a non-centrosymmetric, non-magnetic double Weyl semimetal (WSM) SrSi$_2$, we investigate the electron and hole pockets in bulk Fermi surface behavior that enables us to characterize the material as a type-I WSM. We study the structural handedness of the material and correlate it with the distinct surface Fermi surface at two opposite surfaces following an energy evolution. The Fermi arc singlet becomes doublet with the onset of spin orbit coupling that is in accordance with the topological charge of the Weyl Nodes (WNs). A finite energy separation between WNs of opposite chirality in SrSi$_2$ allows us to compute circular photogalvanic effect (CPGE). Followed by the three band formula, we show that CPGE is only quantized for Fermi level chosen in the vicinity of WN residing at higher value of energy. Surprisingly, for the other WN of opposite chirality in the lower value of energy, CPGE is not found to be quantized. Such a behavior of CPGE is in complete contrast to the time reversal breaking WSM where CPGE is quantized to two opposite plateau depending on the topological charge of the activated WN. We further analyze our finding by examining the momentum resolved CPGE. Finally we show that two band formula for CPGE is not able to capture the quantization that is apprehended by the three band formula.
description: 11 pages and 7 figures
Formulations, algorithms and software for robust optimisation
Creators: name: Wiebe, Johannes
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2021

description: Equipment degradation is a common phenomenon in engineering applications. Unexpected equipment failures can lead to process downtime and significant cost. Information regarding the health of equipment is often uncertain and based on limited, potentially noisy or corrupted data. Optimising the production and maintenance of technical processes often requires taking these challenging aspects into consideration. To this end, this thesis applies data-driven robust optimization to applications with degrading equipment and develops new methods and tools in the process. As a first step, we consider a variant of the state-task-network with uncertain equipment degradation. We use data-based stochastic process models common in condition-based maintenance to construct uncertainty sets. This allows us to incorporate information from the stochastic models into a process level mixed-integer optimization problem while retaining computational tractability. We apply this framework to several instances of the state-task-network and demonstrate that it can efficiently compromise between equipment availability and cost of maintenance. Next, we extend our approach to an industrial drill scheduling case study. The uncertain degradation in this problem is represented by black-box constraints. We model these uncertain functions using (warped) Gaussian processes, use the models to generate uncertainty sets, and develop new reformulations for the resulting robust optimization problems. Unlike most robust optimization problems, this approach considers uncertain functions, not uncertain parameters. We analyze convexity conditions and propose a custom global optimization strategy for non-convex cases. The approach effectively mitigates uncertainty in the learned degradation curves. Finally, we aim to make the methods developed and robust optimization as a whole more accessible to practitioners. To this end we introduce ROmodel, a Python package that extends the modeling capabilities of the popular modeling language Pyomo to robust optimization problems and automates the reformulation of robust optimization problems. ROmodel allows the definition of custom uncertainty sets using Pyomo constraints, but also contains a library containing commonly used uncertainty sets and our (warped) Gaussian process-based sets. ROmodel implements both robust reformulation and a cutting plane based solver. We demonstrate ROmodel's capabilities by applying it to a number of instances of several case studies.
The Distribution of AGN in Clusters of Galaxies
Creators: name: Martini, Paul
name: Mulchaey, John S.
name: Kelson, Daniel D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a study of the distribution of AGN in clusters of galaxies with a uniformly selected, spectroscopically complete sample of 35 AGN in eight clusters at z = 0.06 to 0.31. We find that the 12 AGN with L_X > 10^42 erg/s in galaxies more luminous than a rest-frame M_R < -20 mag are more centrally concentrated than typical cluster galaxies of this luminosity, although these AGN have comparable velocity and substructure distributions to other cluster members. In contrast, a larger sample of 30 cluster AGN with L_X > 10^41 erg/s do not show evidence for greater concentration than inactive members, nor evidence for a different kinematic or substructure distribution. As we do see clear differences in the spatial and kinematic distributions of the blue Butcher-Oemler and red galaxy populations, any difference in the AGN and inactive galaxy population must be less distinct than that between these two pairs of populations. Comparison of the AGN fraction selected via X-ray emission in this study to similarly-selected AGN in the field indicates that the AGN fraction is not significantly lower in clusters, contrary to AGN identified via visible-wavelength emission lines, but similar to the approximately constant radio-selected AGN fraction in clusters and the field. We also find significant evidence for variation between clusters and explore the dependence of cluster AGN fraction on redshift, velocity dispersion, cluster substructure, and Butcher-Oemler fraction. While we see weak evidence for several trends, correlations between these four parameters in our small sample precludes identification of which one(s) most strongly influence the cluster AGN fraction.
description: ApJ accepted, 16 pages, 10 figs, eTable 2 and high-res version available at http://www.astronomy.ohio-state.edu/~martini/professional/publications/index.html Updated to match published version
MOESM1 of HCV and HBV prevalence based on home blood self-sampling and screening history in the general population in 2016: contribution to the new French screening strategy
Creators: name: Brouard, Cécile
name: Saboni, Leïla
name: Gautier, Arnaud
name: Chevaliez, Stéphane
name: Rahib, Delphine
name: Richard, Jean-Baptiste
name: Barin, Francis
name: Larsen, Christine
name: Sommen, Cécile
name: Pillonel, Josiane
name: Delarocque-Astagneau, Elisabeth
name: Lydié, Nathalie
name: Lot, Florence
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Operational flow chart, BaroTest Study, 2016. The figure is an operational flow-chart describing the main steps of BaroTest study from the participants’ inclusion to the results reporting to participants.
Introduction to FX Futures and Valuation
Creators: name: Lee, David
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: FX futures, currency futures, FX futures valuation

description: A currency future, also known as an FX future , is a future contract to exchange one currency for another at a specified date in the future at an exchange rate that is fixed on the purchase date. By using a currency future contract, the parties are able to effectively lock-in the exchange rate for a future transaction. Speculation and hedging in currencies can be achieved primarily through future contracts.
description: https://ia803403.us.archive.org/10/items/fx-future-21/FxFuture-archive.pdf
A New Six Degree-of-Freedom Haptic Device based on the Orthoglide and the Agile Eye
Creators: name: Chablat, Damien
name: Wenger, Philippe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The aim of this paper is to present a new six degree-of-freedom (dof) haptic device using two parallel mechanisms. The first one, called orthoglide, provides the translation motions and the second one produces the rotational motions. These two motions are decoupled to simplify the direct and inverse kinematics, as it is needed for real-times control. To reduce the inertial load, the motors are fixed on the base and a transmission with two universal joints is used to transmit the rotational motions from the base to the end-effector. The main feature of the orthoglide and of the agile eye mechanism is the existence of an isotropic configuration. The length of the legs and the range limits of the orthoglide are optimized to have homogeneous performance throughout the Cartesian workspace, which has a nearly cubic workspace. These properties permit to have a high stiffness throughout the workspace and workspace limits that are easily understandable by the user.
KCrF_3: Electronic Structure, Magnetic and Orbital Ordering from First Principles
Creators: name: Giovannetti, Gianluca
name: Margadonna, Serena
name: Brink, Jeroen van den
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The electronic, magnetic and orbital structures of KCrF_3 are determined in all its recently identified crystallographic phases (cubic, tetragonal, and monoclinic) with a set of {\it ab initio} LSDA and LSDA+U calculations. The high-temperature undistorted cubic phase is metallic within the LSDA, but at the LSDA+U level it is a Mott insulator with a gap of 1.72 eV. The tetragonal and monoclinic phases of KCrF_3 exhibit cooperative Jahn-Teller distortions concomitant with staggered 3x^2-r^2/3y^2-r^2 orbital order. We find that the energy gain due to the Jahn-Teller distortion is 82/104 meV per chromium ion in the tetragonal/monoclinic phase, respectively. These phases show A-type magnetic ordering and have a bandgap of 2.48 eV. In this Mott insulating state KCrF_3 has a substantial conduction bandwidth of 2.1 eV, leading to the possibility for the kinetic energy of charge carriers in electron- or hole-doped derivatives of KCrF_3 to overcome the polaron localization at low temperatures, in analogy with the situation encountered in the colossal magnetoresistive manganites.
description: 7 pages, 11 figures
Systematic Error on Weak Phase $γ$ from $B \to π^+ π^-$ and $B \to K π$
Creators: name: Gronau, Michael
name: Rosner, Jonathan L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When CP asymmetries in $B^0(t)\to π^+ π^-$ are combined using broken flavor SU(3) with decay rates for $B^+\to K^0π^+$ and/or $B^0\to K^+π^-$, one can obtain stringent limits on the weak phase $γ$ which are consistent with those obtained from other CKM constraints. Experimental data in the past few years have improved to the extent that systematic errors associated with uncertainty in SU(3) symmetry breaking dominate the determination of $γ$. We obtain a value $γ=(73 \pm 4^{+10}_{-8})^\circ$, where the first error is statistical while the second one is systematic.
description: Comments and figure added
Renault's Equivalence Theorem for Groupoid Crossed Products
Creators: name: Muhly, Paul S.
name: Williams, Dana P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46L55, 46L05

description: We provide an exposition and proof of Renault's equivalence theorem for crossed products by locally Hausdorff, locally compact groupoids. Our approach stresses the bundle approach, concrete imprimitivity bimodules and is a preamble to a detailed treatment of the Brauer semigroup for a locally Hausdorff, locally compact groupoid.
description: 69 pages. Minor changes. Page numbering is different from published version available at http://nyjm.albany.edu:8000/m/2008/3.htm
Two-color atom guide and 1D optical lattice using evanescent fields of high-order transverse modes
Creators: name: Fu, Jian
name: Yin, Xiang
name: Tong, Limin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a two-color scheme of atom guide and 1D optical lattice using evanescent light fields of different transverse modes. The optical waveguide carries a red-detuned light and a blue-detuned light, with both modes far from resonance. The atom guide and 1D optical lattice potentials can be transformed to each other by using a Mach-Zehnder interferometer to accurately control mode transformation. This might provide a new approach to realize flexible transition between the guiding and trapping states of atoms.
description: 18 pages, 12 figures, 1 table
Automatizing the application of Mellin-Barnes representations for Feynman integrals
Creators: name: Gluza, J.
name: Haas, F.
name: Kajda, K.
name: Riemann, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Feynman diagrams may be evaluated by Mellin-Barnes representations of their Feynman parameter integrals in d=4-2\eps dimensions. Recently, the Mathematica toolkit AMBRE has been developed for the automatic derivation of such representations with a loop-by-loop approach. We describe the package and exemplify its use with the \eps-expansion of the massive one-loop QED vertex function.
description: 10 pages, contribution to proceedings of ACAT, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, April 23-27, 2007, several (trivial) typos corrected
Understanding Currency Option Pricing
Creators: name: Lee, David
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: FX option, currency option, European option, American option, option valuation

description: A currency option or FX option is a contract that gives the buyer the right, but not the obligation, to buy or sell a certain currency at a specified exchange rate on or before a specified date. Currency options are one of the most common ways for corporations, individuals or financial institutions to hedge against adverse movements in exchange rates.
description: https://ia803400.us.archive.org/15/items/fx-option-22/FxOption-archive.pdf
The impact of nuclear deformation on relativistic heavy-ion collisions: assessing consistency in nuclear physics across energy scales
Creators: name: Giacalone, Giuliano
name: Jia, Jiangyong
name: Zhang, Chunjian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the hydrodynamic framework of heavy-ion collisions, elliptic flow, $v_2$, is sensitive to the quadrupole deformation, $β$, of the colliding ions. This enables one to test whether the established knowledge on the low-energy structure of nuclei is consistent with collider data from high-energy experiments. We derive a formula based on generic scaling laws of hydrodynamics to relate the difference in $v_2$ measured between collision systems that are close in size to the value of $β$ of the respective species. We validate our formula in simulations of 238U+238U and 197Au+197Au collisions at top Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) energy, and subsequently apply it to experimental data. Using the deformation of 238U from low-energy experiments, we find that RHIC $v_2$ data implies $0.16 \lesssim |β| \lesssim 0.20$ for 197Au nuclei, i.e., significantly more deformed than reported in the literature, posing an interesting puzzle in nuclear phenomenology.
description: 6 pages and 4 figures, published version
Homology model of a sodium:neurotransmitter symporter family protein from Turicibacter sanguinis strain MOL361T based on hSERT
Creators: name: T.C. Fung
name: C.D.G. Luna
name: H.E. Vuong
name: Aleksandrova, A. A.
name: N.G. Riley
name: J. McGinn
name: T. Rendon
name: L.R. Forrest
name: E.Y. Hsiao
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: homology modeling, bacterial protein, serotonin transport, gut microbiome

description: This archive includes generation files and a homology model of a sodium:neurotransmitter symporter family protein from Turicibacter sanguinis strain MOL361T with bound sodium built using human SERT bound to paroxetine, sodium and chloride using Modeller and AlignMe-PST v1.1

The template coordinates were extracted from PDBID 5I6X. The final model TuriMOL361Tnss_on_5i6x.pdb was selected from an ensemble generated by Modeller 9.5 with the input files in the Modeller-files/ subfolder and minimized with NAMD 2.9 using the input files in the minimization/ subfolder. The model was deposited in the Protein Model database with accession number PM0082223.

For more details, see T.C. Fung, C.D.G. Luna, H.E. Vuong, A.A. Aleksandrova, N.G. Riley, J. McGinn, T. Rendon, L.R. Forrest, E.Y. Hsiao, Intestinal serotonin and fluoxetine exposure regulate bacterial colonization in the gut, Nature Microbiology (2019).
description: {"references": ["T.C. Fung, C.D.G. Luna, H.E. Vuong, A.A. Aleksandrova, N.G. Riley, J. McGinn, T. Rendon, L.R. Forrest, E.Y. Hsiao, Intestinal serotonin and fluoxetine exposure regulate bacterial  colonization in the gut, Nature Microbiology (2019)"]}