cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Imaging Studies of Characteristics for a Slab of a Lossy Left-handed Material
Creators: name: Shen, Linfang
name: He, Sailing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The characteristics of an imaging system formed by a slab of a lossy left-handed material (LHM) are studied. The transfer function of the LHM imaging system is written in an appropriate product form with each term having a clear physical interpretation. A tiny loss of the LHM may suppress the transmission of evanescent waves through the LHM slab and this is explained physically. An analytical expression for the resolution of the imaging system is derived. It is shown that it is impossible to make a subwavelength imaging by using a realistic LHM imaging system unless the LHM slab is much thinner than the wavelength.
description: 15 pages, 10 figures
Bradyctena trychnoptila Turner 1906
Creators: name: Young, Catherine J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2006
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Geometridae
Bradyctena
Bradyctena trychnoptila

description: Bradyctena trychnoptila Turner (Figs 128–134)
(type species)
Oviposition
1♀ Code no.: G134
Period of oviposition: 20 Feb.–6 Mar.
Batch size: 11.3 ± 2.4 (n = 4)
Realised fecundity: 45
Incubation time (days): N/A
 Batch configuration and attachment: Loose
 Colour: White, becoming pale yellow and then pale orange (Fig. 128).
 Size (mm): (n=10) L =0.74 ± 0.00, W=0.60 ± 0.01, T=0.47 ± 0.01
Width/length: 0.81
No. of females: 1
 Aeropylar opening size (m) (n=7): L=2.1 ± 0.15, W=1.8 ± 0.12
Relative aeropylar opening size: 3.2
 Micropyles: Indistinct (Figs 129 & 130)
No. of openings: 3
No. of cells in rosette: 7
No. of rows of cells in micropylar area: 4
 Shape: Broad, bluntly ovoid, anterior pole wider than posterior, polar profile oblong, dorso­ventrally flattened (Figs 128, 129 & 131).
 Characteristics: Egg marked all over by hexagonal cells with flat floors, narrow, recessed cell walls (Figs 129–134). Aeropyles slightly elevated, domed, openings moderately large (Figs 132 & 133), present on all surfaces except area in middle of the top of egg (Figs 131–134). Chorion ridged and folded (Figs 132–134). Micropylar area slightly off­centred (Fig. 129).
description: Published as part of Young, Catherine J., 2006, Descriptions of the eggs of some southern Australian Geometridae (Lepidoptera), pp. 1-294 in Zootaxa 1287 on pages 1-294
Additional file 1 of Position within the hospital and role in the emergency department of emergency physicians in the Netherlands: a national survey
Creators: name: Coppes, Sarah
name: Veugelers, Rebekka
name: Hessels, Roger
name: Brand, Crispijn
name: Gaakeer, Menno
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Medicine
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Complete survey (Dutch).
The [Zn/Fe] -- [Fe/H] trend for disk and halo stars
Creators: name: Chen, Y. Q.
name: Nissen, P. E.
name: Zhao, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Zn abundances, derived from a model atmosphere analysis of the 6362.35 A ZnI line, are presented for 44 thin disk, 10 thick disk and 8 halo dwarf stars in the metallicity range -1.0 [Fe/H] +0.2. It is found that [Zn/Fe] in thin disk stars shows a slight increasing trend with decreasing metallicity reaching a value [Zn/Fe] ~ +0.1 at [Fe/H] = -0.6. The thick disk stars in the metallicity range -0.9 < [Fe/H] < -0.6 have an average [Zn/Fe] ~ +0.15 dex, whereas five alpha-poor and Ni-poor halo stars in the same metallicity range have [Zn/Fe] ~ 0.0 dex. These results indicate that Zn is not an exact tracer of Fe as often assumed in abundance studies of damped Lyman-alpha systems (DLAs). A better understanding of the nucleosynthesis of Zn is needed in order to obtain more detailed information on the past history of star formation in DLAs from e.g. the observed sulphur/zinc ratio.
description: 10 pages, 9 figures, use aa.cls
Simplified evaluation aided by mathematical calculation for characterization of polyols by hydroxyl value determination
Creators: name: Sharwari Ghodke
name: Prajakta Dandekar
name: Ratnesh Jain
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Hydroxyl value is a fundamental characterization number that is extensively applicable in polymer science. The American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) has described several methods to determine the hydroxyl value. However, the routinely practiced ASTM method requires noxious chemicals and involves laborious procedure to determine the hydroxyl value. The described method in this study is based on the reaction of p‐toluenesulfonyl isocyanate and polyol, followed by neutralization titration to calculate the hydroxyl number. Mathematical calculation has been employed to derive an equation for determining the hydroxyl value, which provides user-friendly approach. The method has been validated by comparing the hydroxyl value determined by using ASTM standards. The proposed method proved to be accurate, reproducible. Also, it is rapid, simple, easily accessible, and low-cost method to determine hydroxyl groups.
GRB X-Ray Flare Properties among Different GRB Subclasses
Creators: name: Liu, Chuanxi
name: Mao, Jirong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) can be divided into three subclasses: X-ray flash (XRF), X-ray rich (XRR), and classical GRB (C-GRB). An X-ray flare is the rebrightening emission shown in the early X-ray afterglow of some GRBs. In this paper, we comprehensively examine the X-ray flare properties among XRF, XRR, and C-GRB subclasses. We utilize the XRF, XRR, and C-GRB subclass samples obtained from the Swift-BAT3 catalog, and the X-ray flare observational properties are collected from Falcone et al., Chincarini et al., and Yi et al. We find that XRFs and XRRs have more bright X-ray flares than C-GRBs. The ratio of the X-ray flare fluence to the prompt emission fluence has different distributions between XRF and C-GRB subclasses. The linear correlation between the duration and the peak time of the X-ray flares is also different between XRF and C-GRB subclasses. We are inclined to identify the GRBs with the bright X-ray flares as XRFs or XRRs. We discuss some issues that are related to the XRF/XRR/C-GRB classification. We also caution the selection effects and the instrument bias in our investigation. Large samples are required in the future to further confirm our results.
description: ApJ accepted
Cassythaphaga macarta Turner
Creators: name: Young, Catherine J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2006
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Geometridae
Cassythaphaga
Cassythaphaga macarta

description: Cassythaphaga macarta Turner (Figs 135–143)
(type species)
Oviposition
1♀ Code no.: G164
Date of oviposition: 18 Mar.
Batch size: 3 (n = 1)
Realised fecundity: 3
Incubation time (days): N/A
 Batch configuration and attachment: Attached, singly.
 Colour: Yellow, colour changes not noted (Fig. 135)
 Size (mm): (n=2) L =0.88 ± 0.01, W=0.69 ± 0.02, T=0.56 ± 0.02
Width/length: 0.79
No. of females: 1
 Aeropylar opening size (m) (n=7): L=2.75 ± 0.15, W=2.34 ± 0.07
Relative aeropylar opening size: 3.1
 Micropyles: Distinct (Figs 136 & 137)
No. of openings: 4
No. of cells in rosette: 12
No. of rows of cells in micropylar area: 2
 Shape: Moderately broad, bluntly ovoid, anterior pole wider than posterior, polar profile circular, dorso­ventrally flattened. Concavity of anterior pole is most likely an artefact of processing (Figs 135, 136, 138 & 139).
 Characteristics: Egg marked all over by hexagonal cells with flat floors, narrow, generally recessed cell walls (Figs 136, 138–143). Cell walls on narrow lateral sides not visible (Figs 139, 141, 142), in micropylar area narrow, slightly elevated (Figs 136 & 137). Aeropyles elevated, domed, openings moderately large, densely distributed on narrow lateral sides and poles (Figs 136, 138, 139, 141 & 142). Chorion ridged, folded (Fig. 143), more deeply ridged in micropylar area (Fig. 137).
description: Published as part of Young, Catherine J., 2006, Descriptions of the eggs of some southern Australian Geometridae (Lepidoptera), pp. 1-294 in Zootaxa 1287 on pages 1-294
SZ Scaling Relations of Galaxy Groups and Clusters Near the North Ecliptic Pole
Creators: name: Pratt, Cameron T.
name: Bregman, Joel N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: SZ scaling relations have been used to test the self-similar prediction for massive galaxy clusters, but little attention has been given to individual galaxy groups. We investigate the scaling relations of galaxy groups and clusters near the North Ecliptic Pole using X-ray and SZ observations. This region of the sky is where both the ROSAT and Planck satellites achieved their deepest observations, permitting the investigation of lower mass systems. Our sample consists of 62 X-ray detected groups and clusters, spanning a mass range of $10^{13.4}M_{\odot}
description: 15 pages, 5 figures, 4 tables, Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
Using Data-Prompted Interviews in Interactive Information Retrieval Research : A Reflection on The Study of Self-Efficacy When Learning Using Search
Creators: name: Cole, Amelia W.
name: O'Brien, Heather, 1977-
Publisher: name: ACM
Year: 2023

description: Capturing authentic information behaviors, feelings, and attitudes in natural settings is a challenge in interactive information retrieval research (IIR). Quantitative data collection is useful for understanding IIR at scale. Yet common data collection techniques, such as surveys, lack participants’ reasoning behind their choices. Qualitative data collection, such as think aloud and after protocols, support understanding how people behave, think, and feel immediately following an experience, but may be subject to cognitive biases and are challenging to deliver longitudinally. IIR studies have an opportunity to enhance ecological validity by using mixed and multi-method studies. This paper applies learnings from a longitudinal mixed method study that combines the 'in-situ' benefits of collecting real-time data over time with the benefits of retrospectives. This approach has potential to advance SAL research by providing a contextualised approach to longitudinal data collection and can be used to gain deeper insights into subjective experiences.
Quantifying CTFE content in FK-800 using ATR-FTIR and time to peak crystallization
Creators: name: Kelly, Kristin
name: Brown, Geoff
name: Anthony, Spencer
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 20199 Astronomical and Space Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: The chlorotrifluoroethylene (CTFE) content in vinylidene fluoride (VDF)-CTFE copolymers greatly influences the chemical and physical properties and ultimately determines the application. The copolymer known as FK-800 has a VDF:CTFE ratio of ∼1:3 and is used almost exclusively as the binder in the insensitive high explosive (HE) formulation PBX 9502. Due to the dangerous nature of HE work and the effect CTFE content variations have, the ability to quickly and easily quantify CTFE content is of interest. Two techniques, attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) and time to peak crystallization measured by heat flow calorimetry, were evaluated as potential means for quantifying CTFE content. Based on the certificate of analyses (COAs), FK-800 lots with varied CTFE content encompassing the range historically used in HE applications were used as standards for both methodologies. For FTIR, a linear regression was performed on the peak area of the C-Cl IR stretch and the CTFE content; the methodology was then demonstrated on four samples, two lots of unadulterated material and material recovered from two HE samples. The calculated CTFE content and COAs were in good agreement for all four samples. Heat flow calorimetry revealed the relationship between time to peak crystallization and CTFE content was best fit by a power regression; the methodology was then tested on two different FK-800 lots. Only one sample showed good agreement between the calculated CTFE content and the COA. This discrepancy indicates the method developed is not suitable for quantifying CTFE, but provides valuable insight regarding the crystallization behavior of VDF-CTFE copolymers.
Dualizations of approximations, $\aleph_1$-projectivity, and Vopěnka's Principles
Creators: name: Yassine, Asmae Ben
name: Trlifaj, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 16D90 (Primary), 03E55, 16D40, 18G25, 20K20 (Secondary)

description: The approximation classes of modules that arise as components of cotorsion pairs are tied up by Salce's duality. Here we consider general approximation classes of modules and investigate possibilities of dualization in dependence on closure properties of these classes. While some proofs are easily dualized, other dualizations require large cardinal principles, and some fail in ZFC, with counterexamples provided by classes of $\aleph_1$-projective modules over non-perfect rings. For example, we show that Vopěnka's Principle implies that each covering class of modules closed under homomorphic images is of the form Gen($M$) for a module $M$, and that the latter property restricted to classes generated by $\aleph_1$-free abelian groups implies Weak Vopěnka's Principle.
Chlenias Guenee 1857
Creators: name: Young, Catherine J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2006
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Geometridae
Chlenias

description: Chlenias ‘ banksiaria ’ Le Guillou (Figs 151–157)
(type species)
No oviposition details available.
 Batch configuration and attachment: Attached in large groups (Fig. 151).
 Colour: Not available.
 Size (mm): (n=10) L =0.78 ± 0.00, W=0.58 ± 0.01, T=0.37 ± 0.01
Width/length: 0.74
No. of females: 3
 Aeropylar opening size (m) (n=5): L=2.2 ± 0.13, W=1.74 ± 0.10
Relative aeropylar opening size: 3.2
 Micropyles: Distinct (Figs 152 & 153)
No. of openings: 6
No. of cells in rosette: 10
No. of rows of cells in micropylar area: 3
 Shape: Moderately broad, sub­ellipsoid, anterior pole slightly truncated, slightly wider than posterior, polar profile sub­circular, dorso­ventrally flattened (Figs 151, 152, 154 & 155).
 Characteristics: Egg unmarked apart from hexagonal cells with flat floors, aeropyles only visible on and around anterior pole (Figs 151, 152, 154, 155). Cell walls narrow (Fig. 152), recessed in micropylar area (Fig. 153), outlined by rows of aeropyles in area adjacent to anterior pole. Aeropyles of irregular shape and size, slightly elevated, openings moderately large (Fig. 156). Chorion granulated or blistered (Figs 156 & 157).
description: Published as part of Young, Catherine J., 2006, Descriptions of the eggs of some southern Australian Geometridae (Lepidoptera), pp. 1-294 in Zootaxa 1287 on pages 1-294
Nonmetro Displaced Workers Face Less Hardship Than Metro Displaced Workers
Creators: name: Hamrick, Karen S.
name: Hamrick, Karen S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: Labor and Human Capital
Public Economics

description: During 1993-95, 4 million workers were displaced from their jobs, of which 775,000 (19 percent) were nonmetro workers. Although the displacement rate was similar for nonmetro and metro workers, nonmetro displaced workers were less likely to be unemployed at the survey date, found a new job faster, and had less earnings loss on the new job than did metro displaced workers. The nonmetro displaced worker was likely to be male, have at most a high school diploma, and be working as an operator, fabricator, or laborer.
A Price-Per-Attention Auction Scheme Using Mouse Cursor Information
Creators: name: Arapakis, Ioannis
name: Penta, Antonio
name: Joho, Hideo
name: Leiva, Luis A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Payments in online ad auctions are typically derived from click-through rates, so that advertisers do not pay for ineffective ads. But advertisers often care about more than just clicks. That is, for example, if they aim to raise brand awareness or visibility. There is thus an opportunity to devise a more effective ad pricing paradigm, in which ads are paid only if they are actually noticed. This article contributes a novel auction format based on a pay-per-attention (PPA) scheme. We show that the PPA auction inherits the desirable properties (strategy-proofness and efficiency) as its pay-per-impression and pay-per-click counterparts, and that it also compares favourably in terms of revenues. To make the PPA format feasible, we also contribute a scalable diagnostic technology to predict user attention to ads in sponsored search using raw mouse cursor coordinates only, regardless of the page content and structure. We use the user attention predictions in numerical simulations to evaluate the PPA auction scheme. Our results show that, in relevant economic settings, the PPA revenues would be strictly higher than the existing auction payment schemes.
Continuous and Burst-like Accretion onto Substellar Companions in Mira Winds
Creators: name: Struck, Curtis
name: Cohanim, Babak E.
name: Willson, Lee Anne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present numerical hydrodynamical modeling of the effects of a giant planet or brown dwarf companion orbiting within the extended atmosphere and wind formation zone of an approximately solar-mass Mira variable star. The large-scale, time-dependent accretion flows within the radially oscillating and outflowing circumstellar gas around Miras are related to Bondi-Hoyle-Lyttleton flows, but have not, to our knowledge, been previously modelled. The new models presented in this paper illustrate the changes in accretion and wake dynamics as the companion mass is varied over a range from 10 to 50 Jupiter masses ($M_J$). The character of the accretion onto the companion changes greatly as the companion mass is increased. At the lowest companion masses considered here, a low continuous rate of mass accretion is punctuated by large, nearly periodic bursts of accretion. When the companion mass is large, the mass accretion has both a continuous part, and a rapidly varying, nearly stochastic part. These trends can be understood as the result of the interplay between the shocks and radial oscillations in the circumstellar gas, and the wake flow behind the companion. Models with accretion bursts may produce observable optical brightenings, and may affect SiO maser emission. (Abridged)
description: 16 pgs., 10 figures with low resolution versions of Figs. 1, 9. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Financial Markets Serve Rural Areas Reasonably Well
Creators: name: Collender, Robert N.
name: Sullivan, Patrick J.
name: Milkove, Daniel L.
name: Bagi, Faqir S.
name: Collender, Robert N.
name: Sullivan, Patrick J.
name: Milkove, Daniel L.
name: Bagi, Faqir S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Financial Economics
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Rural financial markets differ from urban markets, but they appear to work reasonably well at supplying credit to rural borrowers. When urban and rural loans are compared, average interest rates, collateral requirements, and other terms are nearly identical. Furthermore, national opinion surveys have generally found that rural borrowers are at least as satisfied with their financial service provider as are urban borrowers. The nature of rural economies— small communities, small borrowers, and undiversified industries— can lead to disparities in the availability of financial services among individual borrowers and communities, but financial market imperfections have not detracted substantially from overall rural growth.
Additional file 1 of Pilot study of the influence of self-coding on empathy within an introductory motivational interviewing training
Creators: name: Simper, Trevor
name: Agley, Jon
name: Mallori DeSalle
name: Todd, Jennifer
name: Dutta, Tapati
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Motivational Interviewing Coding Sheet for Practice Sessions
Tobacco Communities Facing Change
Creators: name: Gale, Fred
name: Gale, Fred
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Crop Production/Industries

description: Legislation designed to combat smoking could have important consequences for the many communities where tobacco is grown and processed. Tobacco’s economic role has declined in most communities. The most vulnerable communities are those where tobacco production costs are high, farms are small, and where alternative crops and nonfarm opportunities are limited. Focusing development efforts on the most vulnerable communities could help blunt the economic effects of reduced tobacco use.
A comprehensive set of simulations of high-velocity collisions between main sequence stars
Creators: name: Freitag, Marc
name: Benz, Willy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on a very large set of simulations of collisions between two main sequence (MS) stars. These computations were done with the ``Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics'' method. Realistic stellar structure models for evolved MS stars were used. In order to sample an extended domain of initial parameters space (masses of the stars, relative velocity and impact parameter), more than 15000 simulations were carried out. We considered stellar masses ranging between 0.1 and 75 Msun and relative velocities up to a few thousands km/s. To limit the computational burden, a resolution of 2000-30000 particles per star was used. The primary goal of this study was to build a complete database from which the result of any collision can be interpolated. This allows us to incorporate the effects of stellar collisions with an unprecedented level of realism into dynamical simulations of galactic nuclei and other dense stellar clusters. We make the data describing the initial condition and outcome (mass and energy loss, angle of deflection) of all our simulations freely available on the Internet. We find that the outcome of collisions depends sensitively on the stellar structure and that, in most cases, using polytropic models is inappropriate. Published fitting formulas for the collision outcomes, established from a limited set of collisions, prove of limited use because they do not allow robust extrapolation to other stellar structures or relative velocities.
description: 45 pages, 44 figures. Modified to reflect the changes in the published version (MNRAS). PDF version with high-res figures at http://obswww.unige.ch/~freitag/papers/article_collisions.pdf, simulation data at http://obswww.unige.ch/~freitag/MODEST_WG4/FB_Collision_Data/, movies at http://obswww.unige.ch/~freitag/collisions/animations/index.html
Chlenias Guenee 1857
Creators: name: Young, Catherine J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2006
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Geometridae
Chlenias

description: Chlenias ‘ zonaea ’ Guest (Figs 170–175)
Oviposition
9♀ Code nos.: G26, G78, G151, G166, G168, G172, G182, G355, G411.
Period of oviposition: 22 Feb.–28 Apr.
Batch size: 39.0 ± 7.3 (n = 12)
Mean realised fecundity: 52.1 ± 11.4
Incubation time (days): 29–58
 Note: eggs require moistening when laid late in season e.g. April
 Batch configuration and attachment:
Moderately well attached, in small to large groups or clusters (Fig. 170)
 Colour: Pale green, shiny, anterior end appears milky­white due to concentration of aeropyles, becoming brown (Fig. 170).
 Size (mm): (n=20) L =0.88 ± 0.02, W=0.62 ± 0.01, T=0.51 ± 0.01
Width/length: 0.71
No. of females: 3
 Aeropylar opening size (m) (n=5): L=2.7 ± 0.21, W=1.8 ± 0.20
Relative aeropylar opening size: 3.8
 Micropyles:Distinct (Figs 171 & 172)
No. of openings: 6
No. of cells in rosette: 10
No. of rows of cells in micropylar area: 3
 Shape: Narrow, elongated, sub­ellipsoid, anterior pole slightly truncated, slightly wider than posterior, polar profile sub­circular, dorso­ventrally flattened (Figs 171 & 173).
 Characteristics: Egg marked all over by densely distributed hexagonal cells with flat floors. Cell walls moderately broad, slightly elevated except narrowly reticulated in micropylar area (Figs 171 & 173). Aeropyles slightly elevated, openings moderately large, present on and in area adjacent to anterior pole and on posterior pole (Figs 171 & 174). Chorion appears rough due to densely distributed granulations or blisters (Figs 174 & 175). Anterior pole slightly angled to micropylar axis (Fig. 173).
description: Published as part of Young, Catherine J., 2006, Descriptions of the eggs of some southern Australian Geometridae (Lepidoptera), pp. 1-294 in Zootaxa 1287 on pages 1-294
Learning a Simple and Effective Model for Multi-turn Response Generation with Auxiliary Tasks
Creators: name: Zhao, Yufan
name: Xu, Can
name: Wu, Wei
name: Yu, Lei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We study multi-turn response generation for open-domain dialogues. The existing state-of-the-art addresses the problem with deep neural architectures. While these models improved response quality, their complexity also hinders the application of the models in real systems. In this work, we pursue a model that has a simple structure yet can effectively leverage conversation contexts for response generation. To this end, we propose four auxiliary tasks including word order recovery, utterance order recovery, masked word recovery, and masked utterance recovery, and optimize the objectives of these tasks together with maximizing the likelihood of generation. By this means, the auxiliary tasks that relate to context understanding can guide the learning of the generation model to achieve a better local optimum. Empirical studies with three benchmarks indicate that our model can significantly outperform state-of-the-art generation models in terms of response quality on both automatic evaluation and human judgment, and at the same time enjoys a much faster decoding process.
From data to the creation of meaning part II: data librarian as translator
Creators: name: Partlo, Kristin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014

description: While institutions, methodology and geography all present barriers for communication and development of infrastructure, sometimes the greatest barriers may be in reaching not across the world but across the hallway. Engaging in the work of unified infrastructure requires finding language that bridges modes of inquiry and meaning, so that all participants see their place in the whole. This work of finding shared language involves translation at many levels. Data professionals know that not everyone means the same thing by 'data' and increasingly we seek language that spans the practices of social science, sciences, humanities, and performing arts. This paper aims to highlight some of the ways in which data professionals are already adept at translation. Drawing on examples from work as a subject librarian and data professional at an undergraduate institution, I will elaborate on ways in which translation permeates our daily work, from helping new researchers learn the language and methods of a field, to supporting faculty as they expand their teaching and research across disciplines. Additionally, our role as semi-outsiders within the institution situates us well to help drive conversations spanning disciplinary modes of thinking, in which faculty may also find themselves as semi-outsiders.
Strategic Planning for Telecommunications in Rural Communities
Creators: name: McMahon, Kathleen
name: Salant, Priscilla
name: McMahon, Kathleen
name: Salant, Priscilla
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development
Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: The high-speed, broadband infrastructure needed to take advantage of telecommunications opportunities is not available in many rural communities. To overcome this problem, some local leaders are using a planning process that helps identify which strategies are most likely to meet top-priority goals and attract new telecommunications investments. The most effective strategic planning processes involve broad-based input from businesses, public agencies, and households.
Ecological impacts of Greening versus Agri-Environmental and Climate Measures (AECM): An ecological-economic evaluation for Lower Saxony, Germany
Creators: name: Lakner, Sebastian
name: Holst, Carsten
name: Pe'er, Guy
name: Lakner, Sebastian
name: Holst, Carsten
name: Pe'er, Guy
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Greening
subject: Agri-Environmental Programs
subject: Biodiversity
subject: Agricultural Policy

description: The introduction of Greening and the ecological focus area (EFA) due to the CAP-reform 2013 has introduced a new agri-environmental instrument into the CAPs first pillar, aside of the established agri-environmental and climate measures (AECM) within the second pillar. This introduction poses the questions, to what extent both instruments are collaborating to achieve positive environmental outcome. The paper presents an economic-ecological method to evaluate both EFA and AECM measures evaluation on arable land with respect to biodiversity. We investigate the effectiveness and efficiency and the spatial impact of EFA and AECM using the approximation method of the ecology score, which is based on an ecological ex-ante evaluation. The results show that EFA has taken a large area within Lower Saxony mainly with catch crops. The AECM has reduced it’s are from 2012 to 2016, however, increased its respective funds, which suggests a trend for more ‘dark green’ AECM. The spatial analysis shows that EFA achieves effects mainly in arable regions of Eastern Lower Saxony. Both measures show rather low coherence, only on 15.4% of the land we find synergetic effects of both measures. The funds per ecology score suggests, that EFA has a lower efficiency (596 EUR/ES) in comparison to AECM (307 EUR/ES).
Ciampa arietaria Guenee 1858
Creators: name: Young, Catherine J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2006
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Geometridae
Ciampa
Ciampa arietaria

description: Ciampa arietaria Guenée (Figs 176–183)
(type species)
Oviposition
4♀ Code nos.: G261, G274, G281, G427.
Period of oviposition: 23 Apr.–28 May.
Batch size: 31.6 ± 8.7 (n = 5)
Mean realised fecundity: 39.5 ± 13.7
Incubation time (days): 24–32 (on moistening)
 Batch configuration and attachment: Attached, singly, small groups or clusters.
 Colour: Glistening pearly white to pale green, becoming dark brown (Fig. 176).
 Size (mm): (n=13) L =0.73 ± 0.02, W=0.52 ± 0.01, T=0.43 ± 0.01
Width/length: 0.72
No. of females: 3
 Aeropylar opening size (m) (n=6): L=1.3 ± 0.21, W=1.0 ± 0.10
Relative aeropylar opening size: 1.8
 Micropyles: Indistinct (Figs 177 & 178)
No. of openings: 5
No. of cells in rosette: 9
No. of rows of cells in micropylar area: 4
 Shape: Narrow, elongate, sub­cuboidal, anterior pole truncated, slightly wider than posterior, polar profile sub­rectangular, dorso­ventrally flattened (Figs 176, 177, 179 & 180).
 Characteristics: Egg unmarked apart from hexagonal cells with flat floors, aeropyles only visible on and around anterior pole. Cell walls narrow, slightly elevated in micropylar area (Figs 177, 179 & 180). Cells surrounding micropylar area outlined only by aeropyles (Fig. 177), aeropyles slightly elevated, aeropyle openings of irregular shape, small (Figs 177, 181 & 182). Chorion shallowly, sparsely ridged on middle of top of egg (Figs 181 & 182), granulated or blistered on anterior pole (Fig. 183).
description: Published as part of Young, Catherine J., 2006, Descriptions of the eggs of some southern Australian Geometridae (Lepidoptera), pp. 1-294 in Zootaxa 1287 on pages 1-294
Innovations in the Delivery of Health Care Services to Rural Communities Telemedicine and Limited-Service Hospitals
Creators: name: Capalbo, Susan M.
name: Heggem, Christine N.
name: Capalbo, Susan M.
name: Heggem, Christine N.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development
Health Economics and Policy

description: Over the last decade, changes in health care policy, demographics, and technology have presented new opportunities for delivering medical care in rural areas. Telemedicine and limited-service hospitals are two innovations currently used to strengthen the likelihood of continued health care in rural communities. Montana is one of the few States where both these options have been implemented, providing a unique environment for observing the effects of each on rural health care systems, communities, and individuals.
Status of the Standard Model and Beyond
Creators: name: Altarelli, Guido
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a concise review of the status of the Standard Model and of the search for new physics.
description: Talk given at Winter'03 Conferences
Using multi-line spectropolarimetric observations of forbidden emission lines to measure single-point coronal magnetic fields
Creators: name: Dima, Gabriel I.
name: Schad, Thomas A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Polarized magnetic dipole (M1) emission lines provide important diagnostics for the magnetic field dominating the evolution of the solar corona. This paper advances a multi-line technique using specific combinations of M1 lines to infer the full vector magnetic field for regions of optically thin emission that can be localized along a given line of sight. Our analytical formalism is a generalization of the "single-point inversion" approach introduced by Plowman. We show that combinations of M1 transitions for which each is either a $J=1\rightarrow0$ transition or has equal Landé g-factors for the upper and lower levels contain degenerate spectropolarimetric information that prohibits the application of the single-point inversion technique. This may include the pair of infrared Fe XIII lines discussed by Plowman. We identify the Fe XIII 1074.7 nm and Si X 1430.1 nm lines as one alternative combination for implementing this technique. Our sensitivity analysis, based on coronal loop properties, suggests that for photon noise levels around $10^{-4}$ of the line intensity, which will be achievable with the National Science Foundation's Daniel K. Inouye Solar Telescope, magnetic fields with sufficient strength (${\sim}10$ G) and not severely inclined to the line-of-sight ($\lesssim 35^{\circ}$) can be recovered with this method. Degenerate solutions exist; though, we discuss how added constraints may help resolve them or reduce their number.
Shedding our skins? Reflections on a liasion librarian's attempt to learn how to scrape data from the web using Python
Creators: name: Darrington, Jeremy
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014

description: In recent years, there has been a sharp increase in the amount of data being created and exposed on the web. Many useful data sources–such as campaign finance and lobbying records, speeches, court rulings, legislative bills, news, geocoded event data, etc.–are of interest to social scientists and the librarians who assist them. These sources come in a variety of formats and often require considerable work to extract, organize, and clean up for analysis. As more of my clientele have expressed interest in using these kinds of sources, I decided to embark on a personal training effort to learn how to scrape and process text from the web using the Python programming language. This paper will present reflections on my experience, the utility of this kind of training for liaison librarians, and issues surrounding professional development and the acquisition of new skills by librarians.
Telecommunications Access for Rural Americans With Disabilities
Creators: name: Enders, Alexandra
name: Seekins, Tom
name: Enders, Alexandra
name: Seekins, Tom
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development
Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession

description: People with disabilities may be inadvertently excluded from rural community life unless telecommunications access—economic, social, and physical—is addressed and ensured locally. New telecommunications policies are committed to the inclusion of people with disabilities. However, policy alone cannot ensure equitable access. Grassroots understanding is needed to define access in telecommunications and to determine how access can inform development activities.
PopSyCLE: A New Population Synthesis Code for Compact Object Microlensing Events
Creators: name: Lam, Casey Y.
name: Lu, Jessica R.
name: Hosek,, Matthew W.
name: Dawson, William A.
name: Golovich, Nathan R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new Milky Way microlensing simulation code, dubbed PopSyCLE (Population Synthesis for Compact object Lensing Events). PopSyCLE is the first resolved microlensing simulation to include a compact object distribution derived from numerical supernovae explosion models and both astrometric and photometric microlensing effects. We demonstrate the capabilities of PopSyCLE by investigating the optimal way to find black holes (BHs) with microlensing. Candidate BHs have typically been selected from wide-field photometric microlensing surveys, such as OGLE, by selecting events with long Einstein crossing times ($t_E>120$ days). These events can be selected at closest approach and monitored astrometrically in order to constrain the mass of each lens; PopSyCLE predicts a BH detection rate of ~40% for such a program. We find that the detection rate can be enhanced to ~85% by selecting events with both $t_E>120$ days and a microlensing parallax of $π_E<0.08$. Unfortunately, such a selection criterion cannot be applied during the event as $π_E$ requires both pre- and post-peak photometry. However, historical microlensing events from photometric surveys can be revisited using this new selection criteria in order to statistically constrain the abundance of BHs in the Milky Way. The future WFIRST microlensing survey provides both precise photometry and astrometry and will yield individual masses of $\mathcal{O}(100-1000) black holes, which is at least an order of magnitude more than is possible with individual candidate follow-up with current facilities. The resulting sample of BH masses from WFIRST will begin to constrain the shape of the black hole present-day mass function, BH multiplicity, and BH kick velocity distributions.
description: 33 pages, 22 figures, accepted to ApJ
Growth of the Oldest Old Population and Future Implications for Rural Areas
Creators: name: Rogers, Carolyn C.
name: Rogers, Carolyn C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Community/Rural/Urban Development

description: The older population has been growing and aging rapidly, with the fastest growing segment being the oldest old—those 85 and older. This segment of the older population increased 37 percent between 1980 and 1990. The oldest old are more likely to be women, to be in poor health, to live alone, and to be poor. This article examines recent changes in the oldest old population by residence and considers implications for the future.
Supernova Neutrinos, Neutrino Oscillations, and the Mass of the Progenitor Star
Creators: name: Takahashi, Keitaro
name: Sato, Katsuhiko
name: Burrows, Adam
name: Thompson, Todd A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the initial progenitor mass dependence of the early-phase neutrino signal from supernovae taking neutrino oscillations into account. The early-phase analysis has advantages in that it is not affected by the time evolution of the density structure of the star due to shock propagation or whether the remnant is a neutron star or a black hole. The initial mass affects the evolution of the massive star and its presupernova structure, which is important for two reasons when considering the neutrino signal. First, the density profile of the mantle affects the dynamics of neutrino oscillation in supernova. Second, the final iron core structure determines the features of the neutrino burst, i.e., the luminosity and the average energy. We find that both effects are rather small. This is desirable when we try to extract information on neutrino parameters from future supernova-neutrino observations. Although the uncertainty due to the progenitor mass is not small for intermediate $θ_{13}$ ($10^{-5} \lesssim \sin^{2}{2 θ_{13}} \lesssim 10^{-3}$), we can, nevertheless, determine the character of the mass hierarchy and whether $θ_{13}$ is very large or very small.
description: 8 pages, 15 figures
An introduction to the UK Administrative Data Research Network
Creators: name: Tavi Desai
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014

description: The Administrative Data Research Network (ADRN) is a major new investment in UK data access infrastructure. Comprising an Administrative Data Research Centre in each country of the UK and a coordinating body – the Administrative Data Service – the ADRN aims to provide a secure integrated environment to allow the analysis of linked administrative data for research. The ADRN was funded in October 2013 as part of a major new step change in data access and analysis in the UK which will also include infrastructure and research funding for data from commercial providers, social networks and the third sector. This presentation will describe the aims and structure of the new Network, outline some of the challenges to be faced and report on the first few months of progress.
Are Workers in the Rural South Ready for the Future?
Creators: name: Rowley, Thomas D.
name: Freshwater, David
name: Rowley, Thomas D.
name: Freshwater, David
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development
Labor and Human Capital

description: Widespread prosperity in the South has not benefited everyone. Some Southerners continue to live in poverty, lack adequate education and training, and experience racial inequality. Consequently, those Southerners fare poorly in the current labor market and are positioned poorly for future labor markets. Many live in the region’s rural areas. Indeed, one could make the case that there are two Souths—one prospering and ready for the future, another lagging and vulnerable.
Building a national trusted digital repository for SSH data
Creators: name: O'Carroll, Aileen
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014

description: The Digital Repository of Ireland is an interactive national trusted digital repository for contemporary and historical, social and cultural data held by Irish institutions; providing a central internet access point and interactive multimedia tools, for use by the public, students and scholars. It is a four-year exchequer funded project, comprising six Irish academic partners, and is supported by the National Library of Ireland, the National Archives of Ireland (NAI) and the Irish national broadcaster RTÃ137;. A key task is to link together and preserve the rich data held by Irish institutions, provide a central internet access point and interactive multimedia tools. Enabling access and reuse to research data is a central challenge. This paper outlines how the key challenges and lessons learned in the process of building this national repository. It argues that a process of qualitative interviews conducted by DRI allowed us to develop a complex understanding of the barriers which might limit the ability of data to be shared. An unexpected outcome of this process was it facilitated community engagement. This assisted in developing the relations of trust which are so key to overcoming barriers to access and data sharing.
Not So SuperDense Coding - Deterministic Dense Coding with Partially Entangled States
Creators: name: Mozes, Shay
name: Reznik, Benni
name: Oppenheim, Jonathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The utilization of a $d$-level partially entangled state, shared by two parties wishing to communicate classical information without errors over a noiseless quantum channel, is discussed. We analytically construct deterministic dense coding schemes for certain classes of non-maximally entangled states, and numerically obtain schemes in the general case. We study the dependency of the information capacity of such schemes on the partially entangled state shared by the two parties. Surprisingly, for $d>2$ it is possible to have deterministic dense coding with less than one ebit. In this case the number of alphabet letters that can be communicated by a single particle, is between $d$ and 2d. In general we show that the alphabet size grows in "steps" with the possible values $ d, d+1, ..., d^2-2 $. We also find that states with less entanglement can have greater communication capacity than other more entangled states.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. A