cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Full Steam Ahead: Performance Measures of Canada's Rail Industry
Creators: name: McKeown, Lawrence
name: Madar, Georgiana
name: Searag, Sagal
name: McKeown, Lawrence
name: Madar, Georgiana
name: Searag, Sagal
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: Public Economics

description: Presented at the 51st CTRF (57th TRF) Joint Conference, May 1-4, 2016, Toronto, Ontario
Efficient geometric integrators for nonadiabatic quantum dynamics. I. The adiabatic representation
Creators: name: Choi, Seonghoon
name: Vaníček, Jiří
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Geometric integrators of the Schrödinger equation conserve exactly many invariants of the exact solution. Among these integrators, the split-operator algorithm is explicit and easy to implement, but, unfortunately, is restricted to systems whose Hamiltonian is separable into a kinetic and potential terms. Here, we describe several implicit geometric integrators applicable to both separable and non-separable Hamiltonians, and, in particular, to the nonadiabatic molecular Hamiltonian in the adiabatic representation. These integrators combine the dynamic Fourier method with recursive symmetric composition of the trapezoidal rule or implicit midpoint method, which results in an arbitrary order of accuracy in the time step. Moreover, these integrators are exactly unitary, symplectic, symmetric, time-reversible, and stable, and, in contrast to the split-operator algorithm, conserve energy exactly, regardless of the accuracy of the solution. The order of convergence and conservation of geometric properties are proven analytically and demonstrated numerically on a two-surface NaI model in the adiabatic representation. Although each step of the higher order integrators is more costly, these algorithms become the most efficient ones if higher accuracy is desired; a thousand-fold speedup compared to the second-order trapezoidal rule (the Crank-Nicolson method) was observed for wavefunction convergence error of $10^{-10}$. In a companion paper [J. Roulet, S. Choi, and J. Van\'ıček (2019)], we discuss analogous, arbitrary-order compositions of the split-operator algorithm and apply both types of geometric integrators to a higher-dimensional system in the diabatic representation.
description: title modified (now part I of a series), old Sec. II.F on split-operator algorithms replaced with new Sec. II.F on diabatic-adiabatic transformation, added new Fig. 5 on convergence of phase, old Figs. 6 and 7 on geometric properties merged into new Fig. 7, Propositions 5 and 6 on convergence of SOD added
Determining pseudoscalar meson photo-production amplitudes from complete experiments
Creators: name: Sandorfi, A. M.
name: Hoblit, S.
name: Kamano, H.
name: Lee, T. -S. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review the development of the most general analytic form of the cross section, dependent upon the three polarization vectors of the beam, target and recoil baryon, including all single, double and triple-polarization terms involving 16 spin-dependent observables. We examine the different conventions that have been used by different authors, and we present expressions that allow the direct numerical calculation of any pseudoscalar meson photo-production observables with arbitrary spin projections from the Chew-Goldberger-Low-Nambu amplitudes. We use this numerical tool to clarify apparent sign differences that exist in the literature. We also present analytic expressions that determine the recoil baryon polarization, together with examples of their potential use with quasi-4pi detectors to deduce observables. As an illustration of the use of the consistent machinery presented in this review, we carry out a multipole analysis of the gamma p -> K^+ Lambda reaction and examine the impact of recently published polarization measurements. In fitting multipoles, we use a combined Monte Carlo sampling of the amplitude space, with gradient minimization, and find a shallow chi^2 valley pitted with a very large number of local minima. This results in broad bands of multipole solutions that are experimentally indistinguishable. While these bands have been noticeably narrowed by the inclusion of new polarization measurements, many of the multipoles remain very poorly determined, even in sign, despite the inclusion of data on 8 different observables. We have compared multipoles from recent PWA codes with our model-independent solution bands. The potential accuracy of amplitudes that could be extracted from measurements of all 16 polarization observables has been studied with mock data using the statistical variations that are expected from ongoing experiments.
description: 58 pages, 20 figures. To be published in Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle Physics
PRODIGEES Data Consent Form
Creators: name: Stewart, Benjamin
name: Reiners, Wulf
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: staff
data protection
consent form

description: The PRODIGEES Data Consent Form is to be signed by research participants in order to take part in research conducted by PRODIGEES research staff. By signing the Data Consent Form, research participants acknowledge and consent to the collection and use of their data as described in the PRODIGEES Data Protection Policy.
description: Horizon 2020 MSCA-RISE, Grant Agreement #873119
Pulsed Laser Cooling for Cavity-Optomechanical Resonators
Creators: name: Machnes, Shai
name: Cerrillo, Javier
name: Aspelmeyer, Markus
name: Wieczorek, Witlef
name: Plenio, Martin B.
name: Retzker, Alex
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A pulsed cooling scheme for optomechanical systems is presented that is capable of cooling at much faster rates, shorter overall cooling times, and for a wider set of experimental scenarios than is possible by conventional methods. The proposed scheme can be implemented for both strongly and weakly coupled optomechanical systems in both weakly and highly dissipative cavities. We study analytically its underlying working mechanism, which is based on interferometric control of optomechanical interactions, and we demonstrate its efficiency with pulse sequences that are obtained by using methods from optimal control. The short time in which our scheme approaches the optomechanical ground state allows for a significant relaxation of current experimental constraints. Finally, the framework presented here can be used to create a rich variety of optomechanical interactions and hence offers a novel, readily available toolbox for fast optomechanical quantum control.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
From sampling to specializing : examining youth sport trajectories
Creators: name: Rice, Mark Stewart
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2022

description: Background: Youth sport development is often classified into specialized and diversified participation. Diversification is generally advocated before the age of 15 in youth sport development models. However, it has been proposed that there is a gradual shift occurring toward specialization in youth sport such that athletes may be training in a single sport at earlier ages in the pursuit of elite performance. Purpose: The purpose of this collected work was to examine youth athlete development in the context of specialization and diversification in the Canadian province of British Columbia. Methods: The research employed qualitative analysis of athlete developmental documents, online questionnaires, and semi-structured interviews. Results: Analysis of provincial LTAD models generally promote athlete diversification throughout the early stages of development; however, the proposed time requirements indicated by LTAD models may not make it feasible or sustainable for multisport activity. Within the province, it was also shown that parents of youth athletes from a range of sports are reporting multisport participation; however, this multisport participation is often demonstrated by participating in complementary seasonal sports during the traditionally defined off-season of their primary sport. In addition, when examining the athlete’s own experiences of specialization and diversification, the athletes recommended a diversified approach because of its benefits for physical, cognitive, affective, and motor/sport-specific skill development, as well as for social networking. Finally, irrespective of developmental trajectory, the perceived short and long-term impacts of COVID-19 increased with the age of athlete. Conclusion: The findings of this research suggest that the content of LTAD models resonates with youth athletes as a large proportion of athletes report participating in multiple sports throughout the year; however, it is also important to harmonize content and recommendations between provincial LTAD models to support the feasibility of multisport participation. Further, specialization-diversification is not dichotomous, wherein multisport participation may also be characterized by other factors such as seasonal specialization. Youth athletes today are also experiencing unprecedented levels of interruption to their development from the global pandemic, which also raises immediate and long-term concerns for youth athlete development. Understanding this impact is critical to safeguard the developmental trajectories of youth athletes.
Quantum codes give counterexamples to the unique pre-image conjecture of the N-representability problem
Creators: name: Ocko, Samuel A.
name: Chen, Xie
name: Zeng, Bei
name: Yoshida, Beni
name: Ji, Zhengfeng
name: Ruskai, Mary Beth
name: Chuang, Isaac L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is well known that the ground state energy of many-particle Hamiltonians involving only 2-body interactions can be obtained using constrained optimizations over density matrices which arise from reducing an N-particle state. While determining which 2-particle density matrices are "N- representable" is a computationally hard problem, all known extreme N-representable 2-particle reduced density matrices arise from a unique N-particle pre-image, satisfying a conjecture established in 1972. We present explicit counterexamples to this conjecture through giving Hamiltonians with 2-body interactions which have degenerate ground states that cannot be distinguished by any 2-body operator. We relate the existence of such counterexamples to quantum error correction codes and topologically ordered spin systems.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure
Nucleation at the DNA supercoiling transition
Creators: name: Daniels, Bryan C.
name: Sethna, James P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Twisting DNA under a constant applied force reveals a thermally activated transition into a state with a supercoiled structure known as a plectoneme. Using transition state theory, we predict the rate of this plectoneme nucleation to be of order 10^4 Hz. We reconcile this with experiments that have measured hopping rates of order 10 Hz by noting that the viscosity of the bead used to manipulate the DNA limits the measured rate. We find that the intrinsic bending caused by disorder in the base-pair sequence is important for understanding the free energy barrier that governs the transition. Both analytic and numerical methods are used in the calculations. We provide extensive details on the numerical methods for simulating the elastic rod model with and without disorder.
description: 18 pages, 15 figures
Lifetime of the surface magnetoplasmons in metallic nanoparticles
Creators: name: Weick, Guillaume
name: Weinmann, Dietmar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the influence of an external magnetic field on the collective electronic excitations in metallic nanoparticles. While the usual surface plasmon corresponding to the collective oscillation of the electrons with respect to the ionic background persists in the direction parallel to the magnetic field, the components in the perpendicular plane are affected by the field and give rise to two collective modes with field-dependent frequencies, the surface magnetoplasmons. We analyze the decay of these collective excitations by their coupling to particle-hole excitations and determine how their lifetimes are modified by the magnetic field. In particular, we show that the lifetime of the usual surface plasmon is not modified by the magnetic field, while the lifetime of the two surface magnetoplasmons present a weak magnetic-field dependence. Optical spectroscopy experiments are suggested in which signatures of the surface magnetoplasmons may be observed.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures; published version
No-cloning theorem in thermofield dynamics
Creators: name: Prudencio, Thiago
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the relation between the no-cloning theorem from quantum information and the doubling procedure used in the formalism of thermofield dynamics (TFD). We also discuss how to apply the no-cloning theorem in the context of thermofield states defined in TFD. Consequences associated to mixed states, von Neumann entropy and thermofield vacuum are also addressed.
description: 16 pages, 3 figures
Rail Level of Service Decisions and Shipper Service Requirements
Creators: name: Gallagher, Ryan
name: Tougas, Francois E.J.
name: Gallagher, Ryan
name: Tougas, Francois E.J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: Public Economics

description: Presented at the 51st CTRF (57th TRF) Joint Conference, May 1-4, 2016, Toronto, Ontario
Frozen Gaussian approximation for high frequency wave propagation
Creators: name: Lu, Jianfeng
name: Yang, Xu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 81Q20, 35L05, 65M99

description: We propose the frozen Gaussian approximation for computation of high frequency wave propagation. This method approximates the solution to the wave equation by an integral representation. It provides a highly efficient computational tool based on the asymptotic analysis on the phase plane. Compared to geometric optics, it provides a valid solution around caustics. Compared to the Gaussian beam method, it not only overcomes the drawback of beam spreading but also improves the asymptotic accuracy. We give several numerical examples to verify that the frozen Gaussian approximation performs well in the presence of caustics and when the Gaussian beam spreads.
description: 23 pages, 6 figures
Tight bounds on the maximum size of a set of permutations with bounded VC-dimension
Creators: name: Cibulka, Josef
name: Kyncl, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The VC-dimension of a family P of n-permutations is the largest integer k such that the set of restrictions of the permutations in P on some k-tuple of positions is the set of all k! permutation patterns. Let r_k(n) be the maximum size of a set of n-permutations with VC-dimension k. Raz showed that r_2(n) grows exponentially in n. We show that r_3(n)=2^Theta(n log(alpha(n))) and for every s >= 4, we have almost tight upper and lower bounds of the form 2^{n poly(alpha(n))}. We also study the maximum number p_k(n) of 1-entries in an n x n (0,1)-matrix with no (k+1)-tuple of columns containing all (k+1)-permutation matrices. We determine that p_3(n) = Theta(n alpha(n)) and that p_s(n) can be bounded by functions of the form n 2^poly(alpha(n)) for every fixed s >= 4. We also show that for every positive s there is a slowly growing function zeta_s(m) (of the form 2^poly(alpha(m)) for every fixed s >= 5) satisfying the following. For all positive integers n and B and every n x n (0,1)-matrix M with zeta_s(n)Bn 1-entries, the rows of M can be partitioned into s intervals so that at least B columns contain at least B 1-entries in each of the intervals.
description: 22 pages, 4 figures, correction of the bound on r_3 in the abstract and other minor changes
TALABALAR KREATIVLIK POTENSIALINING YUZAGA CHIQISHIGA SALBIY TA'SIR KO'RSATUVCHI OMILLAR
Creators: name: Otamurodova, Shamsu Qamar
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Ushbu maqolada kreativlik potensialini yuzaga chiqarish bosqichlari hamda kreativlikning yuzaga chiqishiga salbiy ta'sir etuvchi omillar haqida fikrlar keltirilgan. Qolaversa, kreativlik potensialini yuzaga chiqarish vazifasi ta'limdagi kreativlikning asosiy strukturaviy komponentlarini aniqlashtirish va ularning namoyon bo'lish sharoitlarini o'rganish bilan chambarchas bog'liq ekanligi haqida so'z boradi.
Block-Sparse Recovery via Convex Optimization
Creators: name: Elhamifar, Ehsan
name: Vidal, Rene
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Given a dictionary that consists of multiple blocks and a signal that lives in the range space of only a few blocks, we study the problem of finding a block-sparse representation of the signal, i.e., a representation that uses the minimum number of blocks. Motivated by signal/image processing and computer vision applications, such as face recognition, we consider the block-sparse recovery problem in the case where the number of atoms in each block is arbitrary, possibly much larger than the dimension of the underlying subspace. To find a block-sparse representation of a signal, we propose two classes of non-convex optimization programs, which aim to minimize the number of nonzero coefficient blocks and the number of nonzero reconstructed vectors from the blocks, respectively. Since both classes of problems are NP-hard, we propose convex relaxations and derive conditions under which each class of the convex programs is equivalent to the original non-convex formulation. Our conditions depend on the notions of mutual and cumulative subspace coherence of a dictionary, which are natural generalizations of existing notions of mutual and cumulative coherence. We evaluate the performance of the proposed convex programs through simulations as well as real experiments on face recognition. We show that treating the face recognition problem as a block-sparse recovery problem improves the state-of-the-art results by 10% with only 25% of the training data.
description: IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing
Cosmological birefringent constraints on light
Creators: name: Exirifard, Qasem
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the birefringent in the vacuum for light at the leading and sub-leading orders for the CPT-even part of the SME. We report that all the LIV coefficients absent in the leading order, but the isotropic one, contributes to the sub-leading order birefringent. We consider models free of the first order birefringent. We then show that infrared, optical, and ultraviolet spectropolarimetry of cosmological sources bound the LIV coefficients to less than $ 10^{-16}$. This improves the best current bound on the parity-odd coefficients by two orders of magnitude and establishes the isotropy of the one-way light speed with the precision of $41 \frac{nm}{s}$.
description: A reference added, a sentence corrected
Poles Distribution of PVI Transcendents close to a Critical Point (summer 2011)
Creators: name: Guzzetti, Davide
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 34M55

description: The distribution of the poles of branches of the Painleve' VI transcendents associated to semi-simple Frobenius manifolds is determined close to a critical point. It is shown that the poles accumulate at the critical point, asymptotically along two rays. The example of the Frobenius manifold given by the quantum cohomology of the two-dimensional complex projective space is also considered.
description: 35 pages, 10 figures; Physica D (2012)
Exact solution of N baryon problem in the Gross-Neveu model
Creators: name: Fitzner, Christian
name: Thies, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently it was shown that kink baryons and kink-antikink scattering in the massless Gross-Neveu model are closely related to one- and two-soliton solutions of the sinh-Gordon equation. Here we generalize these findings to the case of n kinks and antikinks. Using the known n soliton solution of the sinh-Gordon equation, we solve the general n kink-antikink scattering problem in the large N Gross-Neveu model analytically, mapping the time-dependent Hartree-Fock approach onto inverse scattering theory.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures; v2: improved presentation, version accepted for publication
Cosmology of Chameleons with Power-Law Couplings
Creators: name: Mota, David F.
name: Winther, Hans A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In chameleon field theories a scalar field can couple to matter with gravitational strength and still evade local gravity constraints due to a combination of self-interactions and the couplings to matter. Originally, these theories were proposed with a constant coupling to matter, however, the chameleon mechanism also extends to the case where the coupling becomes field-dependent. We study the cosmology of chameleon models with power-law couplings and power-law potentials. It is found that these generalized chameleons, when viable, have a background expansion very close to LCDM, but can in some special cases enhance the growth of the linear perturbations at low redshifts. For the models we consider it is found that this region of the parameter space is ruled out by local gravity constraints. Imposing a coupling to dark matter only, the local constraints are avoided, and it is possible to have observable signatures on the linear matter perturbations.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures. ApJ in print
Statistics of Group Delays in Multimode Fiber with Strong Mode Coupling
Creators: name: Ho, Keang-Po
name: Kahn, Joseph M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The modal group delays (GDs) are a key property governing the dispersion of signals propagating in a multimode fiber (MMF). A MMF is in the strong-coupling regime when the total length of the MMF is much greater than the correlation length over which local principal modes can be considered constant. In this regime, the GDs can be described as the eigenvalues of zero-trace Gaussian unitary ensemble, and the probability density function (p.d.f.) of the GDs is the eigenvalue distribution of the ensemble. For fibers with two to seven modes, the marginal p.d.f. of the GDs is derived analytically. For fibers with a large number of modes, this p.d.f. is shown to approach a semicircle distribution. In the strong-coupling regime, the delay spread is proportional to the square root of the number of independent sections, or the square root of the overall fiber length. This revision also made clarification to the original paper, the group delay statistics is also extended to high number of modes.
description: Original: 9 pages, 4 figures, Supplement: 3 pages, 1 figure
Cusp Excursions on Parameter Spaces
Creators: name: Athreya, Jayadev S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove several results for dynamics of $SL(d, \R)$-actions on non-compact parameter spaces by studying associated discrete sets in Euclidean spaces. This allows us to give elementary proofs of logarithm laws for horocycle flows on hyperbolic surfaces and moduli spaces of flat surfaces. We also give applications to quantitative equidistribution and Diophantine approximation.
description: 27 pages, edited and re-submitted to London Math Society. Changes are minor, mainly in exposition
Arrows of Time in the Bouncing Universes of the No-boundary Quantum State
Creators: name: Hartle, James
name: Hertog, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive the arrows of time of our universe that follow from the no-boundary theory of its quantum state (NBWF) in a minisuperspace model. Arrows of time are viewed four-dimensionally as properties of the four-dimensional Lorentzian histories of the universe. Probabilities for these histories are predicted by the NBWF. For histories with a regular `bounce' at a minimum radius we find that fluctuations are small at the bounce and grow in the direction of expansion on either side. For recollapsing classical histories with big bang and big crunch singularities we find that the fluctuations are small near one singularity and grow through the expansion and recontraction to the other singularity. The arrow of time defined by the growth in fluctuations thus points in one direction over the whole of a recollapsing spacetime but is bidirectional in a bouncing spacetime. We argue that the electromagnetic, thermodynamic, and psychological arrows of time are aligned with the fluctuation arrow. The implications of a bidirectional arrow of time for causality are discussed.
description: 13 pages, 3 figures, revtex4
Communicating earthquake risk
Creators: name: Schneider, Max
name: Fleischhut, Nadine
name: McDowell, Michelle
name: Guttorp, Peter
name: Steel, Ashley
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: data visualization
subject: natural hazards
subject: risk communication
subject: seismology
subject: uncertainty communication

description: This study investigates the effectiveness of different ways to visualize earthquake aftershock forecasts together with their forecast uncertainty. We consider three different visualizations of aftershock forecasts and their uncertainty. We design an online experiment where participants perform map-reading and judgment tasks to quantify visualization effects in how people understand and use the forecast.
title: The art of mission: the role of visual culture in Victorian mission to southern Africa, 1840-1910
Creators: name: Brown, Clare Rachel
Publisher: name: University of Glasgow
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Victorian mission, Protestant mission, visual culture, visual aids, southern Africa, magic lantern.

description: The visual culture of Victorian Protestant missionaries is an under-researched area, despite the current interest in art and religion, and the implications of missionary imagery’s legacy in a post-colonial world. Looking specifically at British missionaries to southern Africa, this thesis proposes that visual culture, comprised of art, image, and their corollaries in personal and collective imagination, be recognised as an appropriate framework through which to re-examine a group predominantly associated with the Word. In particular, it argues that visual resources were not only communicated with originating missionary societies and home supporters, but were utilised as tools for evangelism and education, and the development of self-identity for men and women operating far from home.
 Beginning with a theoretical defence of visual culture as an appropriate and meaningful lens through which to investigate mission, the thesis goes on to consider the formative visual culture of prospective missionaries, identifying how and why evangelical Protestants accessed images. Key themes of landscape and portraiture are identified, and the varied media through which these were encountered investigated, including printed publications, gallery art, domestic ephemera, and ecclesial decorations. A detailed examination of the popular religious periodical The Sunday at Home brings together the exploration of these diverse themes. The second half of the thesis transitions from visual influences on prospective missionaries at home, to the visual culture of foreign missionary practitioners, pivoting on the activity of missionary training. An exploration of training reveals a disconnect between the importance of art and image in popular religious life, and a failure to address adequately their evangelistic applications. Moving into the final sections of the project, art and image re-emerge as significant, though the lack of guidance on their use is shown to have limited their co-ordination and effectiveness. Nevertheless, archive research in the UK, and field research in Malawi and South Africa, yielded sufficient material to demonstrate the particular importance of the landscape genre, and of the magic lantern as a crucial visual medium.
 Although visual materials were significant in the construction of missionary identity, and were heavily utilised in mission contexts, there was a widespread lack of engagement with, and distrust of, the visual, creating the complex and ambiguous interactions with which this thesis is ultimately concerned.
Very hard gamma-ray emission from a flare of Mrk 501
Creators: name: Neronov, A.
name: Semikoz, D. V.
name: Taylor, A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the peculiar properties of a large TeV gamma-ray flare from Mrk~501 detected during the 2009 multiwavelength campaign. We identify the counterpart of the flare in the Fermi/LAT telescope data and study its spectral and timing characteristics. A strong order-of-magnitude increase of the very-high-energy gamma-ray flux during the flare was not accompanied by an increase in the X-ray flux, so that the flare was one of the "orphan"-type TeV flares observed in BL Lacs. The flare lasted about 1 month at energies above 10 GeV. The flaring source spectrum in the 10-200 GeV range was very hard, with a photon index 1.1+/-0.2, harder than that observed in any other blazar in the gamma-ray band. No simultaneous flaring activity was detected below 10 GeV. Different variability properties of the emission below and above 10 GeV indicate the existence of two separate components in the spectrum. We investigate possible explanations of the very hard flaring component. We consider, among others, the possibility that the flare is produced by an electromagnetic cascade initiated by very-high-energy gamma-rays in the intergalactic medium. Within such an interpretation, peculiar spectral and temporal characteristics of the flare could be explained if the magnetic field in the intergalactic medium is of the order of 1e-17 - 1e-16 G.
description: 4 pages 3 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
Local structure of self-affine sets
Creators: name: Bandt, Christoph
name: Käenmäki, Antti
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 28A80, 37D45

description: The structure of a self-similar set with open set condition does not change under magnification. For self-affine sets the situation is completely different. We consider planar self-affine Cantor sets E of the type studied by Bedford, McMullen, Gatzouras and Lalley, for which the projection onto the horizontal axis is an interval. We show that within small square neighborhoods of almost each point x in E, with respect to many product measures on address space, E is well approximated by product sets of an interval and a Cantor set. Even though E is totally disconnected, the limit sets have the product structure with interval fibres, reminiscent to the view of attractors of chaotic differentiable dynamical systems.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures
Systematic Effects of Foreground Removal in 21cm Surveys of Reionization
Creators: name: Petrovic, Nada
name: Oh, S. Peng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is well-known that foreground subtraction in 21cm surveys removes large scale power. We investigate associated systematic biases. We show that removing line-of-sight fluctuations on large scales aliases into suppression of the 3D power spectrum across a broad range of scales. This bias can be eliminated by marginalizing over small k in the 1D power spectrum; however, the unbiased estimator will have unavoidably larger variance. We also show that Gaussian realizations of the power spectrum permit accurate and extremely rapid Monte-Carlo simulations for error analysis; repeated realizations of the fully non-Gaussian field are unnecessary. We perform Monte-Carlo maximum-likelihood simulations of foreground removal which yield unbiased, minimum variance estimates of the power spectrum in agreement with Fisher matrix estimates. Foreground removal also distorts the 21cm PDF, reducing the contrast between neutral and ionized regions. We show that it is the subtraction of large-scales modes which is responsible for this distortion, and that it is less severe in the earlier stages of reionization. It can be reduced by using larger bandwidths for foreground removal. In the late stages of reionization, the largest ionized regions (which consist of foreground emission only) provides calibration points which potentially allow recovery of large-scale modes. Finally, we also show that: (i) the broad frequency response of synchrotron and free-free emission will smear out any features in the electron momentum distribution and ensure spectrally smooth foregrounds; (ii) extragalactic radio recombination lines should be negligible foregrounds.
description: Minor editorial changes (including title) to match published version; conclusions unchanged. 20 pages, 18 figures
Common Origin of mu-tau and CP Breaking in Neutrino Seesaw, Baryon Asymmetry, and Hidden Flavor Symmetry
Creators: name: He, Hong-Jian
name: Yin, Fu-Rong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We conjecture that all CP violations (both Dirac and Majorana types) arise from a common origin in neutrino seesaw. With this conceptually attractive and simple conjecture, we deduce that mu-tau breaking shares the common origin with all CP violations. We study the common origin of mu-tau and CP breaking in the Dirac mass matrix of seesaw Lagrangian (with right-handed neutrinos being mu-tau blind), which uniquely leads to inverted mass-ordering of light neutrinos. We then predict a very different correlation between the two small mu-tau breaking observables theta_{13}-0 and theta_{23}-45, which can saturate the present experimental upper limit on theta_{13}. This will be tested against our previous normal mass-ordering scheme by the on-going oscillation experiments. We also analyze the correlations of theta_{13} with Jarlskog invariant and neutrinoless double-beta-decay observable. From the common origin of CP and mu-tau breaking in the neutrino seesaw, we establish a direct link between the low energy CP violations and the cosmological CP violation for baryon asymmetry. With these we further predict a lower bound on theta_{13}, supporting the on-going probes of theta_{13} at Daya Bay, Double Chooz and RENO experiments. Finally, we analyze the general model-independent Z_2 x Z_2 symmetry structure of the light neutrino sector, and map it into the seesaw sector, where one of the Z_2's corresponds to the mu-tau symmetry and another the hidden symmetry Z_2^s (revealed in our previous work) which dictates the solar mixing angle θ_{12}. We derive the physical consequences of this Z_2^s and its possible partial violation in the presence of mu-tau breaking (without or with neutrino seesaw), regarding the theta_{12} determination and the correlation between mu-tau breaking observables.
description: 67pp, 16 figs, attached "Note Added-2" (and Figs.14-16) for update with new data of Daya Bay and RENO in spring 2012. v2: PRD version, attached "Note Added in Proof" to highlight our prediction of a relatively large theta_13, this is *prior to* the new data from T2K and MINOS which further support our theory prediction
Efficient geometric integrators for nonadiabatic quantum dynamics. II. The diabatic representation
Creators: name: Roulet, Julien
name: Choi, Seonghoon
name: Vaníček, Jiří
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Exact nonadiabatic quantum evolution preserves many geometric properties of the molecular Hilbert space. In a companion paper [S. Choi and J. Van\'ıček, 2019], we presented numerical integrators of arbitrary-order of accuracy that preserve these geometric properties exactly even in the adiabatic representation, in which the molecular Hamiltonian is not separable into a kinetic and potential terms. Here, we focus on the separable Hamiltonian in diabatic representation, where the split-operator algorithm provides a popular alternative because it is explicit and easy to implement, while preserving most geometric invariants. Whereas the standard version has only second-order accuracy, we implemented, in an automated fashion, its recursive symmetric compositions, using the same schemes as in the companion paper, and obtained integrators of arbitrary even order that still preserve the geometric properties exactly. Because the automatically generated splitting coefficients are redundant, we reduce the computational cost by pruning these coefficients and lower memory requirements by identifying unique coefficients. The order of convergence and preservation of geometric properties are justified analytically and confirmed numerically on a one-dimensional two-surface model of NaI and a three-dimensional three-surface model of pyrazine. As for efficiency, we find that to reach a convergence error of 10$^{-10}$, a 600-fold speedup in the case of NaI and a 900-fold speedup in the case of pyrazine are obtained with the higher-order compositions instead of the second-order split-operator algorithm. The pyrazine results suggest that the efficiency gain survives in higher dimensions.
description: Changed caption of Fig.1, updated Fig.2, changed text in Sec. II E, changed caption of Fig. 4,5 and 9, added analysis of integration error in Appendix B, updated Fig. 12
Incoherent scatterer in a Luttinger liquid: a new paradigmatic limit
Creators: name: Altland, Alexander
name: Gefen, Yuval
name: Rosenow, Bernd
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We address the problem of a Luttinger liquid with a scatterer that allows for both coherent and incoherent scattering channels. The asymptotic behavior at zero temperature is governed by a new stable fixed point: a Goldstone mode dominates the low energy dynamics, leading to a universal behavior. This limit is marked by equal probabilities for forward and backward scattering. Notwithstanding this non-trivial scattering pattern, we find that the shot noise as well as zero cross-current correlations vanish. We thus present a paradigmatic picture of an impurity in the Luttinger model, alternative to the Kane-Fisher picture.
description: published version, 4 + epsilon pages, 1 figure
Keeping Trucking In-House: a Dynamic Multi-Item Shipment Consolidation Model for a Manufacturer-Distributor
Creators: name: Ulku, M. Ali
name: Ulku, M. Ali
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: Public Economics

description: Presented at the 51st CTRF (57th TRF) Joint Conference, May 1-4, 2016, Toronto, Ontario
Towards a comprehensive understanding of gas bubble trauma in fish
Creators: name: Pleizier, Naomi Kathryn
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2022

description: Features such as river dams can generate total dissolved gas (TDG) supersaturation in water downstream, which can lead to harmful bubble growth in the tissues of aquatic animals, known as gas bubble trauma (GBT). Despite numerous previous studies, there remain many unknowns about the factors that affect GBT and the indirect effects of GBT on aquatic animals. I conducted a series of studies to determine key factors that affect the induction of GBT and to describe the outcomes in fish. My systematic review and meta-analysis of the relationship between TDG and GBT in fish generated models that identified depth, dissolved oxygen to nitrogen ratios, temperature, body size, and species as important factors affecting the progression of GBT. Depth has a protective effect against GBT by causing bubbles to dissolve in animal tissues, but the empirical relationship was untested. I conducted an experiment to test the relationship between depth, TDG, and GBT in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). My results indicate that 47 cm of depth compensated for 4.1% (±1.3% SE) TDG supersaturation, as predicted. Based on this result, I proposed an equation for the threshold for GBT at depth. Conversely, locomotion is predicted to promote GBT in fish tissues. I tested the relationship between locomotion and GBT in rainbow trout. My results suggest that there is no significant effect of locomotion on the progression of GBT. I also conducted an experiment to determine whether fish can detect and avoid harmful levels of TDG supersaturation. I found no statistically significant difference in the duration spent by fish in a channel with a lethal level of TDG supersaturation compared with a channel containing air-equilibrated water. I summarized the primary factors affecting the progression of GBT on freshwater fish and the direct and indirect effects of GBT that are supported by my data and the literature. I propose directions for future research and recommendations for TDG monitoring and management.
TURIZM SOHASINING RIVOJLANISHI VA JAHON IQTISODIYOTIDAGI O'RNI
Creators: name: Abduxalilov, Jaxongir
name: Homidov, Kakhkhorali
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Ushbu maqolada turizm sohasini jadal rivojlanishi, unga sabab bo'ladigan omillar, rivojlanish davrlari va boshqa yo'nalishlari hamda uning jahon iqtisodiyotiga keltiradigan nafi haqida tahlil qiladi. Turli xil metodlar orqali turizmni rivojlantirish yo'lari haqida tavsiyalar hamda maslahatlar beradi. Bundan tashqari O'zbekistonning turizm salohiyatini jahondagi rivojlangan mamlakatlar turizimi salohiyati bilan solishtiradi.
Modelling Freight Outsourcing Decisions
Creators: name: Mostafa, Toka S.
name: Roorda, Matthew J.
name: Mostafa, Toka S.
name: Roorda, Matthew J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: Public Economics

description: Presented at the 51st CTRF (57th TRF) Joint Conference, May 1-4, 2016, Toronto, Ontario
An "Eye-talian" in the New World: Cognitive Estrangement and Diglossia in Antonio Gallenga's Early Italian American Narrative
Creators: name: Iannuzzi, Giulia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: migration
Italian American Studies
Speculative Fiction Studies
Antonio Gallenga
Early Italian American Literature

description: "On the 15th of August, 1836, I was born again" is the incipit of that extraordinary and little known autobiography which is Antonio Gallenga's "Episodes of my Second Life" (1885). The 15th of August, 1836 is the day Gallenga embarked from Gibraltar for New York, and the opening of this text, as well as its title, emphasizes very well the beginning of the transoceanic journey as a turning point in the author's life.

A close reading of the the text focuses on three central aspects: the narration of the self, with specific attention devoted to the migration experience as a source of estrangement and to the relationship between the narrating and the narrated "I"s; the linguistic self-consciousness of the narrator and the character; images of America and placement/locating of the self. These elements allow to explore how the migration experience was conceptualized and which critical and literary devices where put at work by an author whose literary awareness render this text a rare narration between autobiography, travel journal, memoire, auto-fiction.

This essay – working at the theoretical intersection between Italian American Studies and Speculative Fiction Studies – puts forward new observations on the role played by estrangement mechanism in early Italian American narratives.
description: Access to the editorial version of this article may be granted for scientific and/or teaching purposes on an individual basis: please contact the author
Single-qubit-gate error below 10^-4 in a trapped ion
Creators: name: Brown, K. R.
name: Wilson, A. C.
name: Colombe, Y.
name: Ospelkaus, C.
name: Meier, A. M.
name: Knill, E.
name: Leibfried, D.
name: Wineland, D. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With a 9Be+ trapped-ion hyperfine-states qubit, we demonstrate an error probability per randomized single-qubit gate of 2.0(2) x 10^-5, below the threshold estimate of 10^-4 commonly considered sufficient for fault-tolerant quantum computing. The 9Be+ ion is trapped above a microfabricated surface-electrode ion trap and is manipulated with microwaves applied to a trap electrode. The achievement of low single-qubit-gate errors is an essential step toward the construction of a scalable quantum computer.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, 1 table; changed to match published version
Microsimulating the Spatial Distribution of Commercial Vehicles by the Location of their Owned Establishments
Creators: name: Hagag, Aya
name: Maoh, Hanna
name: Hagag, Aya
name: Maoh, Hanna
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: Public Economics

description: Presented at the 51st CTRF (57th TRF) Joint Conference, May 1-4, 2016, Toronto, Ontario
Canadian Coastal Shipping and CETA: Some Lessons From Four Market Deregulation Cases
Creators: name: Laribi, Sofiane
name: Guy, Emmanuel
name: Laribi, Sofiane
name: Guy, Emmanuel
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: Public Economics

description: Presented at the 51st CTRF (57th TRF) Joint Conference, May 1-4, 2016, Toronto, Ontario