cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS): nanoimaging probes for biological analysis
Creators: name: Hankus, Mikella E.
name: Gibson, Gregory J
name: Chandrasekharan, Nirmala
name: Cullum, Brian
Publisher: name: SPIE
Year: 2004

description: Optics East, 25-28 OCTOBER 2004, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
description: We have developed a surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) based nanoimaging probe capable of chemical imaging with nanometer scale spatial resolution. Using this SERS-nanoimaging probe it is possible to image individual chemical components within sub-cellular environments. The probe consists of a tapered coherent fiber optic imaging bundle that has been coated with a roughened layer of metal, providing a SERS active substrate. The fiber optic bundle is tapered using a specially programmed micropipette puller, allowing precise control over the probe tip's diameter, and thus the resolution of images. Tapered bundles having individual fiber elements ranging from 100-800 nanometers on the tapered end and 4 micrometers in diameter on the proximal end have been investigated. Through modification of the fibers' tapered tips, generation of nanoscale imaging with inherent image magnification and short pass filtering effects is possible. Following tapering of the fiber optic bundles, the fiber probes are spin-coated with alumina particles and coated with silver to provide a reproducible SERS active surface. Characterization of the response of these SERS nanoimaging probes has been evaluated using common SERS active chemical species (e.g., benzoic acid, brilliant cresyl blue, etc.) and application of these nanoimaging sensors to biological systems is discussed.
title: The useful three-dimensional CT for the diagnosis of craniosynostosis.
Creators: name: Yoo, Jeong Hyun
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Computer Applications-3D
subject: CT
subject: CNS
subject: Bones
subject: Education and training

description: Learning objectives Background Imaging findings OR Procedure details Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Learning objectives: Learning Objectives 1.To demonstrate craniosynostosis using the three-dimensiona CT. 2. To obtain the understanding and knowledge about the various craniosynostosis 3. To know other calvarial variation or anomaly for the differential...
Enumeration of nilpotent loops via cohomology
Creators: name: Daly, Daniel
name: Vojtěchovský, Petr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20N05, 20J05, 05B15

description: The isomorphism problem for centrally nilpotent loops can be tackled by methods of cohomology. We develop tools based on cohomology and linear algebra that either lend themselves to direct count of the isomorphism classes (notably in the case of nilpotent loops of order $2q$, $q$ a prime), or lead to efficient classification computer programs. This allows us to enumerate all nilpotent loops of order less than $24$.
Modeling Non-linearity in Religiosity’s Relationships to Premarital Sexual Attitudes and Behaviors among Adolescents and Young Adults
Creators: name: Hayward, George
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Using data from three waves of the National Study of Youth and Religion, this paper examines the relationships of religiosity with premarital sexual attitudes and behaviors for adolescents and young adults. Following past research that shows evidence for non-linear relationships between these variables, particularly among the highly religious, this paper explicitly compares three functional forms of these relationships. The results show that nearly all of these relationships are best defined when non-linearity in the functional form is accounted for. That is, a linear-only approach often obscures large differences between the most religious individuals and their less-religious peers. These findings hold for both age groups of interest, suggesting that religious influence is markedly non-linear for these outcomes from adolescence into young adulthood. Further, these findings lay the groundwork to revisit religious influence across other domains and to test whether religiosity has been conceptualized and modeled in the most effective manner.
The Context of Implementation Science Outcomes to Improve Perinatal Mental Health Through The Thinking Healthy Programme within LMICs: A Systematic Review
Creators: name: Frerichs, Leah
name: Patena, John
name: Peprah, Emmanuel
name: Nalkar, Priyanka Annasaheb
name: De La Chesnaye, Gina
name: Dorice Vieira
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Perinatal
subject: Thinking Healthy Program
subject: Mental Health
subject: LMIC

description: Perinatal mental health is rarely described in research and, when discussed, does not address the alarmingly high rate of perinatal depression within LMICs. The Thinking Healthy Program (THP), developed by the World Health Organization (WHO), aims to create a holistic model that allows for the treatment of perinatal depression to be integrated into routine care
Development of a portable multiphoton photo-acoustic spectroscopy system for tumor diagnostics
Creators: name: Chandrasekharan, Nirmala
name: Kiser, John B.
name: Cullum, Brian
Publisher: name: SPIE
Year: 2004

description: Optics East, 25-28 OCTOBER 2004, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
description: In this paper we describe the development of a novel fiber optic probe for subsurface tumor diagnostics, based on non-resonant multiphoton photoacoustic spectroscopy (NMPPAS). In this technique, endogenous biomarkers present in tissues are irradiated in the near infrared, using a tunable high-power laser. The resulting multiphoton excitation events are detected as an acoustic (i.e. ultrasonic) signal, using an ultrasonic piezoelectric transducer. The signal from the piezoelectric transducer is then corrected for laser power fluctuations by normalizing the NMPPAS signal at each wavelength with the laser intensity recorded, from an optical diode. By scanning the laser excitation over the appropriate wavelength range for the tissue of interest, absorption differences between normal and tumor tissues can be measured and analyzed. The fiber optic probe was characterized and optimized for transmission efficiency as well as its time dependent response to high power laser pulses. The focusing optics were optimized and a piezoelectric transducer film detector chosen based on its sensitivity in the ultrasonic frequency range of interest. Using this probe system NMPPAS measurements were performed on several common fluorescent dyes including rhodamine 6G as well as well-characterized biomarkers like tryptophan. Furthermore, the technique was further successfully applied to the differentiation of tumorous and healthy human brain tissues.
title: CT findings of pulmonary diseases with cysts and/or cavities
Creators: name: Aratani, Kazunori
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Lung
subject: CT
subject: Education
subject: Cavitation
subject: Cysts

description: Learning objectives Background Imaging findings OR Procedure details Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Learning objectives: To learn computed tomography (CT) findings of pulmonary diseases with cysts and/or...
Development of multiphoton photoacoustic spectroscopy for noninvasive tissue diagnostics
Creators: name: Chandrasekharan, Nirmala
name: Mehta, Ronak H.
name: Saha, Soumi
name: Cullum, Brian
Publisher: name: SPIE
Year: 2004

description: Optical Technologies for Industrial, Environmental, and Biological Sensing, 27-31 OCTOBER 2003, Providence, RI, United States
description: In this paper we describe the development of a novel non-invasive multispectral imaging technique, multiphoton photoacoustic spectroscopy (MPPAS). In this technique, a tunable high-power laser is used to perform multiphoton excitation events, which are then detected as an acoustic (i.e. ultrasonic) signal, using a commercial ultrasonic piezoelectric (PZT) transducer. The signal from the PZT is then corrected for laser power fluctuations, resulting in normalized MPPAS signal intensity. Because MPPAS relies on non-radiative relaxation of the absorbing species, unlike single or multiphoton fluorescence spectroscopies, it is capable of monitoring non-fluorescent species. In addition, since the majority of the energy imparted to most molecules upon the absorption of light is released through non-radiative pathways, sensitive measurements of even fluorescent molecules, can be performed. A test solution of aqueous rhodamine 6G was used to obtain the MPPAS spectrum. It matches well with that of the steady state absorbance of the same solution. In addition, concentration dependent studies of rhodamine 6G have shown that the technique is even sensitive to nanomolar concentrations and below.
Band alignment of epitaxial SrTiO3 thin films with (LaAlO3)0.3-(Sr2AlTaO6)0.7 (001)
Creators: name: Comes, Ryan B.
name: Xu, Peng
name: Jalan, Bharat
name: Chambers, Scott A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: SrTiO$_{3}$ (STO) epitaxial thin films and heterostructures are of considerable interest due to the wide range of functionalities they exhibit. The alloy perovskite (LaAlO$_{3}$)$_{0.3}$-(Sr$_{2}$AlTaO$_{6}$)$_{0.7}$ (LSAT) is commonly used as a substrate for these material structures due to its structural compatibility with STO and the strain-induced ferroelectric response in STO films grown on LSAT. However, surprisingly little is known about the electronic properties of the STO/LSAT interface despite its potentially important role in affecting the overall electronic structure of system. We examine the band alignment of STO/LSAT heterostructures using x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy for epitaxial STO films deposited using two different molecular beam epitaxy approaches. We find that the valence band offset ranges from +0.2(1) eV to -0.2(1) eV depending on the film surface termination. From these results we extract a conduction band offset from -2.4(1) eV to -2.8(1) eV, indicating that the conduction band edge is more deeply bound in STO and that LSAT will not act as a sink or trap for electrons in the supported film or multilayer.
description: 14 pages, 3 figures; Accepted in Applied Physics Letters
title: Analysis of association between cerebral microbleeds and volume of white matter lesion
Creators: name: Saba, Luca
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: MR
subject: Diagnostic procedure

description: Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Purpose: The word leukoaraiosis (LA) (from the Greek λευκο, white, and άραιοσις, rarefaction) indicates the presence of patchy hyper-intense areas visible in T2 images in the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Previous studies demonstrated that...
Validation of PAK Kinases for the Development of Novel Therapeutics for Pancreatic Cancer Treatment
Creators: name: Dardy, Jasmyn
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Year: 2012

description: Pancreatic cancer is the 4th leading cause of cancer deaths in the US and essentially all who are diagnosed with this disease will die. Poor patient prognosis is largely due to the lack of effective therapies for the disease. There is only one approved signal transduction targeted therapy that has had marginal clinical value. Thus, there is a dire need for the identification and validation of novel targets that contribute to pancreatic tumorigenesis. Evidence points toward the involvement of PAK kinases as major effectors in cancer. In this study, my overall goal was to determine if I could validate two PAK family kinases, PAK1 or PAK4, as useful therapeutic targets for pancreatic cancer. I found PAK1 and PAK4 protein overexpression in pancreatic cancer tissue and/or cell lines and suppression of PAK expression can impair pancreatic cancer cell growth. My findings support further analysis of PAK as molecular targets and drivers in pancreatic cancer growth.
Family Farming, Biodiesel and Social Inclusion In Bahia: Assessing Brazil's National Program for the Production and Use of Biodiesel
Creators: name: Markarian, Philippe Daniel
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2017
Subjects: PNPB
Brazil
Rural
Development
Social
Inclusion
Exclusion
Biofuels
Livelihoods
Sustainable
Biodiesel
VCC
Bahia

description: The present research evaluates the social inclusion component of the Brazilian National Program for the Production and Use of Biodiesel’s (PNPB) by studying its impact on the livelihoods of family farmers in the country’s Northeast region of Bahia. The overall objective is to critically analyze the social sustainability aspect of the program by including different dimensions of social exclusion in its analysis. More specifically, this thesis examines the PNPB’s effectiveness in helping family farmers in Bahia achieve positive livelihood outcomes. In terms of theoretical perspective, the Sustainable Livelihoods Framework (SLF) is employed while existing research and government data are analyzed using a descriptive method. The findings of this thesis indicate that the PNPB is predominantly designed in economic terms, largely ignoring the multi-dimensional nature of social exclusion. In this sense, the results suggest that the lack of success of the program in the country’s Northeast region can be in part explained by its failure to adopt coherent and sustainable strategies that go beyond market insertion and income generation. In particular, the research demonstrated that the PNPB’s lack of participatory approach and the absence of social and cultural considerations, along with inadequate technical extension services, hampered the program’s success in the region. Based on these results, this research highlights the need for a broader approach when it comes to promoting social inclusion, as well as the importance of taking into account and developing the cultural, social and political capital of family farmers in Bahia. In this sense, this thesis emphasizes the importance of recognizing that social exclusion is a complex and multi-faceted phenomenon, which calls for improving the ways with which we evaluate and deepen the understanding of the livelihoods of family farmers in Bahia.
Computation of transient dynamics of energy power for a dissipative two state system
Creators: name: Carrega, Matteo
name: Solinas, Paolo
name: Braggio, Alessandro
name: Sassetti, Maura
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a two level system coupled to a thermal bath and we investigate the variation of energy transferred to the reservoir as a function of time. The physical quantity under investigation is the time-dependent quantum average power. We compare quantum master equation approaches with functional influence method. Differences and similarities between the methods are analyzed, showing deviations at low temperature between the functional integral approach and the predictions based on master equations.
description: 13 pages, 2 figures, proceeding of the conference UPoN 2015
title: Liver Stiffness Values Measured by Virtual Touch ARFI in Comparison to Fibroscan TE: A Vietnamese Experience
Creators: name: Liem, Le
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cirrhosis
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Elastography
subject: Liver

description: Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Purpose: To compare Acoustic Radiation Force Impulse imaging (ARFI of Siemens Acuson S2000) with Transient Elastography (TE of FibroScan) for investigating whether ARFI can be a feasible and accurate technique in the assessment of liver fibrosis. Viral...
Development of a Precise Polarization Modulator for UV Spectropolarimetry
Creators: name: Ishikawa, Shin-nosuke
name: Shimizu, Toshifumi
name: Kano, Ryouhei
name: Bando, Takamasa
name: Ishikawa, Ryohko
name: Giono, Gabriel
name: Tsuneta, Saku
name: Nakayama, Satoshi
name: Tajima, Takao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We developed a polarization modulation unit (PMU) to rotate a waveplate continuously in order to observe solar magnetic fields by spectropolarimetry. The non-uniformity of the PMU rotation may cause errors in the measurement of the degree of linear polarization (scale error) and its angle (crosstalk between Stokes-Q and -U), although it does not cause an artificial linear polarization signal (spurious polarization). We rotated a waveplate with the PMU to obtain a polarization modulation curve and estimated the scale error and crosstalk caused by the rotation non-uniformity. The estimated scale error and crosstalk were <0.01 % for both. This PMU will be used as a waveplate motor for the Chromospheric Lyman-Alpha SpectroPolarimeter (CLASP) rocket experiment. We confirmed that the PMU has the sufficient performance and function for CLASP.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in Solar Physics
The Bechtler Museum of Modern Art: The Architecture and Discourse of a Single-Donor Modern Art Museum
Creators: name: Johnson, Ryan P
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Year: 2012

description: A museum is a historically situated institution invested with cultural significance. Taking a case-study approach, this thesis demonstrates the usefulness of certain strands of critical museum studies for sifting through discourses to understand what is at stake in a particular museum at a given time. The Bechtler Museum of Modern Art opened in Charlotte, North Carolina in January 2010, a moment when extravagant museum architecture was expected to serve as brand or icon to increase the prestige of a city. Mario Botta's design for the Bechtler Museum, however, harkens to an earlier, subtler mode. Likewise, the museum's single-donor collection of predominantly European, mid-twentieth-century art reinforces a modernist mode of interaction between audience, artist, and patron. This study examines the architecture and discourse of the Bechtler, revealing its operative fictions to be iterations of two well-known museological mythologies: the vision of the collector and the vision of the architect.
title: Patients with acute neurological symptoms: simultaneous evaluation of carotid MPRAGE and brain MRI
Creators: name: Jung, Hyun Nyeong
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: MR
subject: MR-Angiography
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: Outcomes analysis
subject: Ischaemia / Infarction

description: Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Purpose: Backgrounds Ischemic stroke is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in old age population. Atherosclerosis at carotid arteries is well known risk factor of ischemic stroke and transient ischemic attack. Many factors such as intraplaque...
Physiological responses and disposition of lipids following fetal Intralipid 20® infusion
Creators: name: Jonker, Sonnet
name: Louey, Samantha
name: Chen, Athena
Publisher: name: Oregon Health and Science University
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Infant, Premature
subject: Parenteral Nutrition
subject: Lipids
subject: Nutrition

description: Premature infants are exposed to a high lipid environment at earlier developmental stages than is normal, either via fat-rich breastmilk or by intravenous lipid emulsion parenteral nutrition (PN). Premature infants receiving PN sometimes develop pathologies, including PN-associated liver disease (PNALD), lipid embolism of the lung, and increased cardiac stiffness. We studied physiological responses to Intralipid 20® and lipid disposition in the fetal blood, liver, lung, heart, and placenta in fetal sheep at 85-90% of gestation (equivalent to 36 weeks in humans), eliminating confounding factors associated with preterm birth.
THRIVE Gratitude
Creators: name: Zambrano, Elizabeth
name: Hoppmann, Christiane
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences

description: The coronavirus disease can result in deadly complications, which unvaccinated older adults are more susceptible to. The vaccine became available a year after the COVID-19 pandemic was declared, making 2020 a year riddled with stress and uncertainty. Despite older adults’ increased risk, a study found that they reported high levels of well-being during the pandemic (Carstensen et al., 2020). There is abundant research suggesting older adults have better emotional well-being than younger adults, though research has also suggested that well-being declines at the end of life (Carstensen et al., 2020). This literature proposes that older adults are equipped with high emotion regulation capacity, but the underlying mechanisms of this advantage are unclear. A plausible mechanism could be the appreciation of everyday life in older adults through experience of gratitude. There is vast literature on the positive association between gratitude and well-being (Kashdan et al., 2006; Lin & Yeh, 2014; Nezlek et al., 2017, 2019) and previous studies have found that older adults experience greater gratitude than their younger counterparts (Chopik et al., 2019; Hill et al., 2013; Portocarrero et al., 2020), even during the pandemic (Jiang, 2020). However, some studies have also found null results (Allemand & Hill, 2016).Taking this into consideration, we believe gratitude can be a path to maintained and increased well-being in the time of the pandemic. The aim of this study is to shed light on one of the possible pathways to improved emotional well-being, we hypothesize that older adults report higher daily feelings of gratefulness and thus they savour events they are grateful for more than younger adults. Further, in line with the socioemotional selectivity theory (Carstensen et al., 2003), we believe that gratitude events that are social in nature will be associated with more positive affect than gratitude that does not involve other people. Similarly, we also predict that older adults involved with close social ties while younger adults involved with a mix of close and distal ties, explaining the age difference.
title: MRI impact on the local staging, risk group classification and treatment for prostate cancer in patients undergoing High Dose Rate Brachytherapy
Creators: name: Castrillo Maortua, Ana
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Neoplasia
subject: Radiation therapy / Oncology
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: MR-Spectroscopy
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: MR
subject: Pelvis
subject: Oncology
subject: Genital / Reproductive system male

description: Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Purpose: Traditional methods of evaluating prostate cancer like rectal examination, transrectal ultrasound, sextant biopsies and prostate specific antigen (PSA) are able to predict indolent tumors and aggressive tumors. However, most patients are in an...
Sequential Electronic and Structural Transitions in VO2 Observed Using X-ray Absorption Spectromicroscopy
Creators: name: Kumar, Suhas
name: Strachan, John Paul
name: Pickett, Matthew D.
name: Bratkovsky, Alexander
name: Nishi, Yoshio
name: Williams, R. Stanley
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The popular dual electronic (Mott) and structural (Peierls) transitions in VO2 are explored using x-ray absorption spectromicroscopy with high spatial and spectral resolutions. It is found that during both heating and cooling, the electronic transition always precedes the structural Peierls transition. Between the two transitions, there are intermediate states that are spectrally isolated here.
description: reordered sections
The influence of a social network on political attitudes: the sibling relationship
Creators: name: Phillips, Chelsea Jacqueline
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Year: 2011

description: Many scholars have concluded that parents play a large role in shaping the opinions of children. Yet, other family members may also influence the attitudes of offspring. Children are often affected by the attitudes and behaviors of their siblings as well. Borrowing the niche-seeking hypothesis from evolutionary psychology, this paper develops an interactive explanation of how political attitude formation is influenced by the entire family context. Based on a theory that considers birth order and sibling competition, this paper explains when we should expect the correlation between the political attitudes of parents and children to be low (despite shared genetics and environmental context) and when we should expect intergenerational transmission of political attitudes to be high.
Fine-pitch semiconductor detector for the FOXSI mission
Creators: name: Ishikawa, Shin-nosuke
name: Saito, Shinya
name: Tajima, Hiroyasu
name: Tanaka, Takaaki
name: Watanabe, Shin
name: Odaka, Hirokazu
name: Fukuyama, Taro
name: Kokubun, Motohide
name: Takahashi, Tadayuki
name: Terada, Yukikatsu
name: Krucker, Sam
name: Christe, Steven
name: McBride, Steve
name: Glesener, Lindsay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Focusing Optics X-ray Solar Imager (FOXSI) is a NASA sounding rocket mission which will study particle acceleration and coronal heating on the Sun through high sensitivity observations in the hard X-ray energy band (5-15 keV). Combining high-resolution focusing X-ray optics and fine-pitch imaging sensors, FOXSI will achieve superior sensitivity; two orders of magnitude better than that of the RHESSI satellite. As the focal plane detector, a Double-sided Si Strip Detector (DSSD) with a front-end ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit) will fulfill the scientific requirements of spatial and energy resolution, low energy threshold and time resolution. We have designed and fabricated a DSSD with a thickness of 500 μm and a dimension of 9.6 mm x 9.6 mm, containing 128 strips with a pitch of 75 μm, which corresponds to 8 arcsec at the focal length of 2 m. We also developed a low-noise ASIC specified to FOXSI. The detector was successfully operated in the laboratory at a temperature of -20 C and with an applied bias voltage of 300 V, and the energy resolution of 430 eV at a 14 keV line was achieved. We also demonstrated fine-pitch imaging successfully by obtaining a shadow image, hence the implementation of scientific requirements was confirmed.
description: 7 pages, 11 figures, published in IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Optical reflection and waveguiding of sound by photo-thermally induced barriers
Creators: name: Cullum, Brian
name: Holthoff, Ellen L.
name: Pellegrino, Paul M.
Publisher: name: Optica
Year: 2017
Subjects: Laser light
Laser sources
Carbon dioxide lasers
High power lasers
Material properties
Laser beam shaping

description: Control and manipulation of sound is of critical importance to many different scientific and engineering fields, requiring the design of rigid physical structures with precise geometries and material properties for the desired acoustics. In this work, we demonstrate the ability to manipulate the direction and magnitude of sound waves traveling in air using laser light, without the need for physical interfaces associated with different materials. Efficient reflection of sound waves off of transient, optically generated, abrupt air density barriers is demonstrated, with acoustic reflections greater than 25% of the incident acoustic wave amplitude. Implementation of multiple barriers, can result in complete suppress the transmission of incident acoustic signals as great as 70 dB. Additionally, shaping the laser beam acoustic waveguides can be generated with dramatically reduced transmission losses.
Additional file 10 of Genetic history of East-Central Europe in the first millennium CE
Creators: name: Stolarek, Ireneusz
name: Zenczak, Michal
name: Handschuh, Luiza
name: Juras, Anna
name: Marcinkowska-Swojak, Malgorzata
name: Spinek, Anna
name: Dębski, Artur
name: Matla, Marzena
name: Kóčka-Krenz, Hanna
name: Piontek, Janusz
name: Figlerowicz, Marek
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
classificationCode: 59999
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
classificationCode: 69999
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 19999
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
classificationCode: 110309
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 10. Author and affiliation list for members of the Polish Archaeogenomic Consortium.
Thrive: Living with others and desire for solitude
Creators: name: Choi, Yoonseok
name: Hoppmann, Christiane
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Health Psychology
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: As the COVID-19 pandemic has restricted social interactions, living with others has been suggested as a protective factor against social isolation and loneliness (Sisson et al., 2020). However, living with others is not without problems. People living together can experience conflicts, and staying together in times of conflict could increase relationship-related stress (Birditt et al., 2019). For parents, caregiving burden has increased as mandatory home-schooling has been implemented (Prime et al., 2020). Even if there is no conflict or any relationship issues within a household, simply staying together in a limited space for a long time could be stressful by itself (e.g., feeling crowded; Prime et al., 2020). In this sense, living with others in times of social distancing has both positive and negative consequences, and reducing its negative impact is key to increasing well-being. One solution to alleviate the stress of increased time with household members could be carving out time to oneself. Although time alone is often linked with negative experiences (e.g., loneliness), it can also be experienced positively depending on the context. Specifically, having alone time could enable one to disengage from social stress, restore energy, and focus on productive tasks without distraction (Lay et al., 2019). For this reason, there could be an increased preference or desire for time alone for people living with others during the pandemic and experiencing it could increase emotional well-being.
Event by Event Analysis of High Multiplicity Events Produced in 158 A GeV/c 208 Pb- 208 Pb Collisions
Creators: name: Ahmad, Shakeel
name: Chandra, Anuj
name: Kumar, Ashwini
name: Chaturvedi, O. S. K.
name: Ahmad, A.
name: Zafar, M.
name: Irfan, M.
name: Singh, B. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An extensive analysis of individual high multiplicity events produced in 158 A GeV /c 208Pb- 208Pb collisions is carried by adopting different methods to examine the anomalous behavior of these rare events. A method of selecting the events with densely populated narrow regions or spikes out of a given sample of collision events is discussed.Employing this approach two events with large spikes in their eta- and phi- distributions are selected for further analysis. For the sake of comparison, another two events which do not exhibit such spikes are simultaneously analyzed. The findings suggest that the systematic studies of particle density fluctuations in one- and two-dimensional phase-spaces and comparison with those obtained from the studies of correlation free Monte Carlo events, would be useful for identifying the events with large dynamical fluctuations. Formation of clusters or jet like phenomena in multihadronic final states in individual events is also discussed and the experimental findings are compared with the independent particle emission hypothesis by carrying out Monte Carlo simulations.
Whom to mourn and how?: the Protestant church and the recasting of memory in Germany, 1945-1962
Creators: name: Williamson, James Franklin
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: This paper examines the German Protestant Church's influence upon West Germans' memory of the Second World War. Beginning in 1945 and continuing into the 1960s, senior church officials and local pastors shaped the ways people in the western occupation zones and subsequently the Federal Republic could talk about the war and the many military and civilian dead. In contesting when and how to observe an annual commemoration of the dead in the new Germany, Church leaders advocated discontinuing practices from the Weimar Republic and the Third Reich. Simultaneously, pastors recast death to alter the way Germans perceived soldiers' deaths for the nation and civilian casualties of war. Together these interventions contributed to a larger transformation of German society in the wake of aggression, war crimes and genocide.
Surface regeneration and signal increase in surface-enhanced Raman scattering substrates
Creators: name: Farrell, Mikella E.
name: Strobbia, Pietro
name: Pellegrino, Paul M.
name: Cullum, Brian
Publisher: name: Optica
Year: 2017
Subjects: Thin films
Raman scattering
Metal nanoparticles
Scanning electron microscopy
Scanning probe microscopy
Fiber bundles

description: Regenerated surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrates allow users the ability to not only reuse sensing surfaces, but also tailor them to the sensing application needs (wavelength of the available laser, plasmon band matching). In this review, we discuss the development of SERS substrates for response to emerging threats and some of our collaborative efforts to improve on the use of commercially available substrate surfaces. Thus, we are able to extend the use of these substrates to broader Army needs (like emerging threat response).
Three dimensional solar anisotropy of galactic cosmic rays near the recent solar minimum 23/24
Creators: name: Modzelewska, R.
name: Alania, M. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Three dimensional (3D) galactic cosmic ray (GCR) anisotropy has been studied for 2006- 2012. The GCR anisotropy, both in the ecliptic plane and in polar direction, were obtained based on the neutron monitors (NMs) and Nagoya muon telescopes (MT) data. We analyze two dimensional (2D) GCR anisotropy in the ecliptic plane and north-south anisotropy normal to the ecliptic plane. We reveal quasi-periodicities - the annual and 27-days waves in the GCR anisotropy in 2006-2012. We investigate the relationship of the 27-day variation of the GCR anisotropy in the ecliptic plane and in the polar direction with the parameters of solar activity and solar wind.
description: 8 pages, 10 figures, paper presented on 24th European Cosmic Ray Symposium 2014
Characterization of multiphoton photoacoustic spectroscopy for subsurface brain tissue diagnosis and imaging
Creators: name: Dahal, Sudhir
name: Cullum, Brian
Publisher: name: SPIE
Year: 2016

description: The development and demonstration of a multiphoton photoacoustic imaging technique capable of providing high spatial resolution chemical images of subsurface tissue components as deep as 1.4 cm below the tissue surface is described. By combining multiphoton excitation in the diagnostic window (650 to 1100 nm), with ultrasonic detection of nonradiative relaxation events, it is possible to rapidly reconstruct three-dimensional, chemical specific, images of samples underneath overlying structures as well as chemical species of the same material. Demonstration of this technique for subsurface tissue differentiation is shown, with the ability to distinguish between grade III astrocytoma tissue and adjacent healthy tissue in blind studies. By employing photoacoustic signal detection, the high nonradiative relaxation rates of most biological tissue components (>90%) and the minimal signal attenuation of the resulting ultrasound compensate for excitation efficiency losses associated with two-photon absorption. Furthermore, the two-photon absorption process results in a highly localized excitation volume (ca., 60 ?m). Characterization of the probing depth, spatial resolution, and ability to image through overlying structures is also demonstrated in this paper using tissue phantoms with well-characterized optical scattering properties, mimicking those of tissues.
A Kondo route to spin inhomogeneities in the honeycomb Kitaev model
Creators: name: Das, S. D.
name: Dhochak, K.
name: Tripathi, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Paramagnetic impurities in a quantum spin-liquid can result in Kondo effects with highly unusual properties. We have studied the effect of locally exchange-coupling a paramagnetic impurity with the spin-1/2 honeycomb Kitaev model in its gapless spin-liquid phase. The (impurity) scaling equations are found to be insensitive to the sign of the coupling. The weak and strong coupling fixed points are stable, with the latter corresponding to a noninteracting vacancy and an interacting, spin-1 defect for the antiferromagnetic and ferromagnetic cases respectively. The ground state in the strong coupling limit in both cases has a nontrivial topology associated with a finite Z2 flux at the impurity site. For the antiferromagnetic case, this result can be obtained straightforwardly owing to the integrability of the Kitaev model with a vacancy. The strong-coupling limit of the ferromagnetic case is however nonintegrable, and we address this problem through exact-diagonalization calculations with finite Kitaev fragments. Our exact diagonalization calculations indicate that that the weak to strong coupling transition and the topological phase transition occur rather close to each other and are possibly coincident. We also find an intriguing similarity between the magnetic response of the defect and the impurity susceptibility in the two-channel Kondo problem.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures, revtex4-1
The effect of mindfulness-based training on athletic performance and the psychological performance measures flow, anxiety, and emotion regulation: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Creators: name: Rupprecht, Franz-Xaver
name: Tran, Ulrich
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Sports Sciences
subject: Psychiatry and Psychology
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: anxiety
subject: athletic performance
subject: emotion regulation
subject: flow
subject: Mindfulness
subject: sport psychology

description: The goal of this meta-analysis is to examine to what extent athletes may benefit from mindfulness trainings (MTs) by assessing the effects of MTs on athletic performance and the psychological performance measures flow, anxiety, and emotion regulation.
Additional file 11 of Genetic history of East-Central Europe in the first millennium CE
Creators: name: Stolarek, Ireneusz
name: Zenczak, Michal
name: Handschuh, Luiza
name: Juras, Anna
name: Marcinkowska-Swojak, Malgorzata
name: Spinek, Anna
name: Dębski, Artur
name: Matla, Marzena
name: Kóčka-Krenz, Hanna
name: Piontek, Janusz
name: Figlerowicz, Marek
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
classificationCode: 59999
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
classificationCode: 69999
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 19999
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
classificationCode: 110309
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 11. Peer review history.
Cool Country: A Content Analysis of Sponsored Frames in Country-Pop Crossover Public Relations
Creators: name: Davidson Palmer, Sarah
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Graduate School
Year: 2014
Subjects: Music
Communication
Mass media

description: A crossover artist has songs and/or albums on charts of two genres at the same time. The goal is to maintain the original audience while also attracting new fans from another genre or audience. Public relations plays an important role in crossover by creating and maintaining an artist's image as well as promoting their music. Through qualitative content analysis, this study examined the frames sponsored by Shania Twain's public relations team during her pop crossover (1993-2004) and determined whether these frames were accepted by key publics--the media and consumers. The findings revealed a highly effective "dual-frame approach," with simultaneous emphasis on the frames of "country artist" and "mass appeal," which was highly salient with the media and consumers. The results of this study highlight the intricacies of the crossover process, providing an effective set of sponsored frames as a model for a country-pop crossover campaign.
表达性写作、积极写作、感恩取向写作是否促进留守儿童心理健康？
Creators: name: Hu, Chao
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences

description: 表达性写作、积极写作、感恩取向写作是否促进留守儿童心理健康？
title: Assessment of head and neck tumours in a simultaneous whole-body MR/PET scanner: correlation of diffusion-weighted imaging and FDG-PET
Creators: name: Schraml, Christina
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Tissue characterisation
subject: Biological effects
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: PET-MR
subject: Lymph nodes
subject: Head and neck

description: Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Purpose: Whole-body MR/PET scanners combine the excellent soft tissue contrast and functional imaging techniques of MRI with the metabolic imaging capabilities of PET. Thus, MR/PET is a promising modality for imaging of head and neck tumours and might...
title: Novel hybrid watershed transform for the segmentation of complex morphology
Creators: name: Zwettler, Gerald
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Computer applications
subject: Image manipulation / Reconstruction
subject: Computer Applications-3D

description: Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Purpose: Three-dimensional imaging techniques in modern radiology still suffer from the lack of automated general segmentation methods, thus hardly keeping pace with the evolution of high resolution tomographic modalities. A novel hybrid watershed algorithm...
Reggio Emilia nella crisi della sinistra e delle sinistre negli anni Ottanta
Creators: name: Alessandrini, Luca
Publisher: name: La Rivista di Engramma
Year: 2024
Subjects: Italian Left
Pci
Communism
Communist Party
Reggio Emilia

description: A contribution to the reflection on the crisis of the Italian left in the 1980s, which took place while the world was radically changing. In particular, it deals with the "duplicity" of the Italian Communist Party, between reformist/social-democratic political practices and revolutionary ideology of a third-internationalist stamp. The left was moving away from the Ussr but a mythical dimension of it remained. In the context of the history of the left, attention is drawn to the case of Reggio Emilia, a city and province with strong reformist socialist traditions, but also of strong radicalism.
Plasma-activated water against food-borne bacteria
Creators: name: Soni, Aswathi
name: Brightwell, Gale
Publisher: name: AgResearch
Year: 2023
Subjects: Food sciences

description: Plasma-activated water (PAW) is generated by treating water with cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) using controllable parameters, such as plasma-forming voltage, carrier gas, temperature, pulses, or frequency as required. PAW has received significant attention from researchers over the last decade due to its non-thermal and non-toxic mode of action especially for bacterial inactivation.
The KMOS AGN Survey at High redshift (KASHz): the prevalence and drivers of ionised outflows in the host galaxies of X-ray AGN
Creators: name: Harrison, C. M.
name: Alexander, D. M.
name: Mullaney, J. R.
name: Stott, J. P.
name: Swinbank, A. M.
name: Arumugam, V.
name: Bauer, F. E.
name: Bower, R. G.
name: Bunker, A. J.
name: Sharples, R. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first results from the KMOS AGN Survey at High redshift (KASHz), a VLT/KMOS integral-field spectroscopic survey of z>0.6 AGN. We present galaxy-integrated spectra of 89 X-ray AGN (Lx=10^42-10^45 erg/s), for which we observed [O III] (z=1.1-1.7) or Halpha emission (z=0.6-1.1). The targets have X-ray luminosities representative of the parent AGN population and we explore the emission-line luminosities as a function of X-ray luminosity. For the [O III] targets, ~50 per cent have ionised gas velocities indicative of gas that is dominated by outflows and/or highly turbulent material (i.e., overall line-widths >~600 km/s). The most luminous half (i.e., Lx>6x10^43 erg/s) have a >~2 times higher incidence of such velocities. On the basis of our results, we find no evidence that X-ray obscured AGN are more likely to host extreme kinematics than unobscured AGN. Our KASHz sample has a distribution of gas velocities that is consistent with a luminosity-matched sample of z<0.4 AGN. This implies little evolution in the prevalence of ionised outflows, for a fixed AGN luminosity, despite an order-of-magnitude decrease in average star-formation rates over this redshift range. Furthermore, we compare our Halpha targets to a redshift-matched sample of star-forming galaxies and despite a similar distribution of Halpha luminosities and likely star-formation rates, we find extreme ionised gas velocities are up to ~10x more prevalent in the AGN-host galaxies. Our results reveal a high prevalence of extreme ionised gas velocities in high-luminosity X-ray AGN and imply that the most powerful ionised outflows in high-redshift galaxies are driven by AGN activity.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS. Main paper: 20 pages, 14 figures. Plus appendix
title: Correlation between MR BI-RADS and histological pattern in breast lesions: genoa experience
Creators: name: Revelli, Matteo
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Breast
subject: MR
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Cancer

description: Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Purpose: Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) provides the highest sensitivity among imaging techniques currently available in breast imaging. When MRI identifies lesions not previously detected or suspected on traditional imaging, further studies are needed to...