cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Making Home: (re)collections of objects in painting and textiles
Creators: name: Zouwer, Naomi
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Archive
collections
cultural hybridity
discontinuous
dislocation
disruption
fragments
heterotopia
heritage
identity
knowledge
memory
migrant
narrative nostalgia
objects
order
painting
recuperate
resuscitate
retrieval
rhopography
still life
taxonomy
textiles
third space

description: My PhD research draws on the traditions of still life painting and domestic embroidery to explore the relationship of family keepsakes to ideas of time, memory and migration stories. Through a range of speculative studio processes I have examined how seemingly trivial objects and curios can simultaneously connect to both past and present. Focusing on re-contextualising objects from three generations of my migrant family’s archive I have aimed to create a visual narrative, which moves from a sense of loss and nostalgia, and through the processes of retelling and re-presenting in painting and textile, to the present time where specific migration stories have become my own. Through connecting the research to broader theory such as Michel Foucault’s notion of heterotopic space, I identify the potent role that visual retelling, or re-presenting stories has in creating a compression of space and time. My practice-led research methods involved working with painting and textiles techniques, in combination and independently, and my work oscillated between two-dimensional and three-dimensional space over the duration of the PhD program. I experimented with cutting out painted objects from oil paintings and presenting them as floating free from the artistic conventions of a background or setting. I made embroideries of people and objects and explored the use of absurd scale and unexpected combinations of objects and people. I developed a digital archive of over 300 objects from my collection, which grew to include special objects from my own and my children’s day to day lives. I made portraits of people through their objects, three towers made from reclaimed domestic embroidery, and a constellation of painted objects that combined the past with the present and reflected my hybrid practice and hybrid culture. My research presents an original contribution to knowledge through a body of studio practice, which establishes the unlimited potential of new stories to be told in relation to the objects and the ways visual practice contributes to personal narratives of past, present and future. I find that I can combine the past with the present to create new objects made from painting and textiles, that are forward looking and optimistic.
Generalized entropies and the transformation group of superstatistics
Creators: name: Hanel, Rudolf
name: Thurner, Stefan
name: Gell-Mann, Murray
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Superstatistics describes statistical systems that behave like superpositions of different inverse temperatures $β$, so that the probability distribution is $p(ε_i) \propto \int_{0}^{\infty} f(β) e^{-βε_i}dβ$, where the `kernel' $f(β)$ is nonnegative and normalized ($\int f(β)d β=1$). We discuss the relation between this distribution and the generalized entropic form $S=\sum_i s(p_i)$. The first three Shannon-Khinchin axioms are assumed to hold. It then turns out that for a given distribution there are two different ways to construct the entropy. One approach uses escort probabilities and the other does not; the question of which to use must be decided empirically. The two approaches are related by a duality. The thermodynamic properties of the system can be quite different for the two approaches. In that connection we present the transformation laws for the superstatistical distributions under macroscopic state changes. The transformation group is the Euclidean group in one dimension.
description: 5 pages, no figure
Quantum Optics with Rydberg Superatoms
Creators: name: Kumlin, Jan
name: Braun, Christoph
name: Tresp, Christoph
name: Stiesdal, Nina
name: Hofferberth, Sebastian
name: Paris-Mandoki, Asaf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum optics based on highly excited atoms, also known as Rydberg atoms, has cemented itself as a powerful platform for the manipulation of light at the few-photon level. The Rydberg blockade, resulting from the strong interaction between individual Rydberg atoms, can turn a large ensemble of atoms into a system which collectively resembles a single two-level emitter, a so-called Rydberg superatom. The coupling of this artificial emitter to a driving photonic mode is collectively enhanced by Rydberg interactions, enabling strong coherent coupling at the few-photon level in free-space. The exquisite level of control achievable through this has already demonstrated its utility in applications of quantum computing and information processing. Here, we review the derivation of the collective coupling between a Rydberg superatom and a single light mode and discuss the similarity of this free-space setup to waveguide quantum electrodynamics systems of quantum emitters coupled to photonic waveguides. We also briefly review applications of Rydberg superatoms to quantum optics such as single-photon generation and single-photon subtraction.
description: 34 pages, 6 figures, review
Desvelando los mecanismos que definen la formación estelar en galaxias
Creators: name: Valé Arteaga, Guillermo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Metallicity
Galaxy Evolution
Spectroscopy
Interstellar Medium

description: Comprender los mecanismos que gobiernan la formación estelar en las galaxias es clave para desentrañar la evolución de estos sistemas. Este trabajo usa estadística bayesianas y técnicas de minería de datos para analizar gradientes de metalicidad, los cuales brindan información sobre el procesamiento y enriquecimiento del gas. Una tendencia notable es la manifestación del efecto del "downsizing" en las propiedades de las galaxias, donde galaxias masivas forman estrellas más rápidamente que sus contrapartes de menor masa.

Esta presentación formó parte de la conferencia III GUAIX Scientific Meeting UCM 2024. El programa de la conferencia está disponible en Zenodo con DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.14674077.
Quantum Picturalism: Learning Quantum Theory in High School
Creators: name: Dündar-Coecke, Selma
name: Yeh, Lia
name: Puca, Caterina
name: Pfaendler, Sieglinde M. -L.
name: Waseem, Muhammad Hamza
name: Cervoni, Thomas
name: Kissinger, Aleks
name: Gogioso, Stefano
name: Coecke, Bob
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum theory is often regarded as challenging to learn and teach, with advanced mathematical prerequisites ranging from complex numbers and probability theory to matrix multiplication, vector space algebra and symbolic manipulation within the Hilbert space formalism. It is traditionally considered an advanced undergraduate or graduate-level subject.
 In this work, we challenge the conventional view by proposing "Quantum Picturalism" as a new approach to teaching the fundamental concepts of quantum theory and computation. We establish the foundations and methodology for an ongoing educational experiment to investigate the question "From what age can students learn quantum theory if taught using a diagrammatic approach?". We anticipate that the primary benefit of leveraging such a diagrammatic approach, which is conceptually intuitive yet mathematically rigorous, will be eliminating some of the most daunting barriers to teaching and learning this subject while enabling young learners to reason proficiently about high-level problems. We posit that transitioning from symbolic presentations to pictorial ones will increase the appeal of STEM education, attracting more diverse audience.
description: In proceedings of the 2nd Quantum Science and Engineering Education Conference (QSEEC), co-located with the 4th IEEE International Conference on Quantum Computing and Engineering (QCE)
Symplectic Dirac Operators and Mpc-structures
Creators: name: Cahen, Michel
name: Gutt, Simone
name: Rawnsley, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53D05

description: Given a symplectic manifold $(M,ω)$ admitting a metaplectic structure, and choosing a positive $ω$-compatible almost complex structure $J$ and a linear connection $\nabla$ preserving $ω$ and $J$, Katharina and Lutz Habermann have constructed two Dirac operators $D$ and ${\wt{D}}$ acting on sections of a bundle of symplectic spinors. They have shown that the commutator $[ D, {\wt{D}}]$ is an elliptic operator preserving an infinite number of finite dimensional subbundles. We extend the construction of symplectic Dirac operators to any symplectic manifold, through the use of $\Mpc$ structures. These exist on any symplectic manifold and equivalence classes are parametrized by elements in $H^2(M,\Z)$. For any $\Mpc$ structure, choosing $J$ and a linear connection $\nabla$ as before, there are two natural Dirac operators, acting on the sections of a spinor bundle, whose commutator $\mathcal{P}$ is elliptic. Using the Fock description of the spinor space allows the definition of a notion of degree and the construction of a dense family of finite dimensional subbundles; the operator $\mathcal{P}$ stabilizes the sections of each of those.
The Formation of a Magnetic Channel by the Emergence of Current-carrying Magnetic Fields
Creators: name: Lim, Eun-Kyung
name: Chae, Jongchul
name: Jing, Ju
name: Wang, Haimin
name: Wiegelmann, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A magnetic channel - a series of polarity reversals separating elongated flux threads with opposite polarities - may be a manifestation of a highly non-potential magnetic configuration in active regions. To understand its formation we have carried out a detailed analysis of the magnetic channel in AR 10930 using data taken by the Solar Optical Telescope/Hinode. As a result, we found upflows (-0.5 to -1.0 km/s) and downflows (+1.5 to +2.0 km/s) inside and at both tips of the thread respectively, and a pair of strong vertical currents of opposite polarity along the channel. Moreover, our analysis of the nonlinear force-free fields constructed from the photospheric magnetic field indicates that the current density in the lower corona may have gradually increased as a result of the continuous emergence of the highly sheared flux along the channel. With these results, we suggest that the magnetic channel originates from the emergence of the twisted flux tube that has formed below the surface before the emergence.
description: 11 figures, accepted for Astrophysical journal
Additional file 1 of Prognostic implications of valvular heart disease in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation
Creators: name: Samaras, Athanasios
name: Vrana, Eleni
name: Kartas, Anastasios
name: Moysidis, Dimitrios V.
name: Papazoglou, Andreas S.
name: Doundoulakis, Ioannis
name: Fotos, George
name: Rampidis, Georgios
name: Tsalikakis, Dimitrios G.
name: Efthimiadis, Georgios
name: Karvounis, Haralambos
name: Tzikas, Apostolos
name: Giannakoulas, George
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL for “Prognostic implications of valvular heart disease in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation” Samaras et al.
Moneygraphs: Visualizing America's pastime
Creators: name: Bell, Samuel
name: Shankar, Jay
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Visualization
saber-metrics
python
baseball
sports

description: This project paper was completed in fulfillment of requirements for the Data Visualization course as a part of the Masters in Data Science program at Indiana University-Bloomington in December  2018.

This project involves visualizing various aspects of the sport of baseball, with a focus on team building and the business of baseball. The goal was to analyze different types of baseball statistics and determine what makes players and teams successful. To accomplish this, we developed a method for displaying a longitudinal view of a player’s career, incorporating both a player’s quality and quantity-based statistics, as well as a player’s salary. 
Computation with Advice
Creators: name: Brattka, Vasco
name: Pauly, Arno
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Computation with advice is suggested as generalization of both computation with discrete advice and Type-2 Nondeterminism. Several embodiments of the generic concept are discussed, and the close connection to Weihrauch reducibility is pointed out. As a novel concept, computability with random advice is studied; which corresponds to correct solutions being guessable with positive probability. In the framework of computation with advice, it is possible to define computational complexity for certain concepts of hypercomputation. Finally, some examples are given which illuminate the interplay of uniform and non-uniform techniques in order to investigate both computability with advice and the Weihrauch lattice.
Effects of a particle-hole asymmetric pseudogap on Bogoliubov quasiparticles
Creators: name: LeBlanc, J. P. F.
name: Carbotte, J. P.
name: Nicol, E. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that in the presence of a pseudogap, the spectral function in the superconducting state of the underdoped cuprates exhibits additional Bogoliubov quasiparticle peaks at both positive and negative energy which are revealed by the particle-hole asymmetry of the pseudogapped energy bands. This provides direct information on the unoccupied band via measurement of the occupied states. When sufficiently close, these Bogoliubov peaks will appear to merge with existing peaks leading to the anomalous observation, seen in experiment, that the carrier spectral density broadens with reduced temperature in the superconducting state. Using the resonating valence bond (RVB) spin liquid model in conjunction with recent angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) data allows for an empirical determination of the temperature dependence of the pseudogap suggesting that it opens only very gradually below the pseudogap onset temperature $T^*$.
description: 4 pages - 4 figures - Submitted to PRL
The Cardinality of an Oracle in Blum-Shub-Smale Computation
Creators: name: Calvert, Wesley
name: Kramer, Ken
name: Miller, Russell
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.1.1

description: We examine the relation of BSS-reducibility on subsets of the real numbers. The question was asked recently (and anonymously) whether it is possible for the halting problem H in BSS-computation to be BSS-reducible to a countable set. Intuitively, it seems that a countable set ought not to contain enough information to decide membership in a reasonably complex (uncountable) set such as H. We confirm this intuition, and prove a more general theorem linking the cardinality of the oracle set to the cardinality, in a local sense, of the set which it computes. We also mention other recent results on BSS-computation and algebraic real numbers.
Observation of Radiative B^0 -> ϕK^0 γDecays and Measurements of Their Time-Dependent CP Violation
Creators: name: Sahoo, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the first observation of the radiative decay B^0->ϕK^0γusing a data sample of 772x10^6 BBar pairs collected at the Y(4S) resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy e+e- collider. We observe a signal of 35+/-8 events with a significance of 5.4 standard deviations including systematic uncertainties. The measured branching fraction is ${\cal B}(B^0->ϕK^0γ) = (2.66\pm 0.60 \pm 0.32) \times 10^{-6}$, where the uncertainties are statistical and systematic, respectively. We also report the first measurement of time-dependent CP violation parameters: ${\mathcal S}_{ϕK_S^0 γ} = +0.74^{+0.72}_{-1.05} (stat)^{+0.10}_{-0.24} (syst)$ and ${\mathcal A}_{ϕK_S^0 γ} = +0.35 \pm 0.58 (stat)^{+0.23}_{-0.10} (syst)$. We also precisely measure ${\mathcal B}(B^+->ϕK^+γ) = (2.34\pm 0.29 \pm 0.23) \times 10^{-6}$. The observed $M_{ϕK}$ mass spectrum differs significantly from that expected in a three-body phase-space decay. These results are preliminary.
description: 4 pages, 6 figures, To be published in the proceedings of 35th International Conference of High Energy Physics (ICHEP 2010), Paris, France, July 22-28, 2010
Neutral Hydrogen Mass in Galaxies Estimated via Optical Spectroscopy
Creators: name: Bizyaev, Dmitry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose to employ emission line luminosities obtained via optical spectroscopy to estimate the content of neutral hydrogen (HI) in galaxies. We use the optical spectroscopy data from the Mapping of Nearby Galaxies at APO (MaNGA) survey released in the frames of public DR17 of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). We compare the HI mass estimated by us for a large sample of SDSS/MaNGA galaxies with direct HI measurements from the ALFALFA survey and find a tight correlation between the masses with the correlation coefficient (CC) of 0.91 and the r.m.s scatter of 0.15 dex for the logarithmic mass. The obtained relationship is verified via another sample of MaNGA galaxies with HI masses measured with the Green Bank Telescope. Despite the coarser angular resolution of the radio data, the relation between the estimated and measured directly HI mass is tight as well - in this case CC=0.74 and the r.nm.s. is 0.29 dex. The established relations allow us to estimate the total mass of neutral hydrogen as well as the spatial distribution of HI surface density in galaxies from optical spectroscopic observations only in a simple and efficient way.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Additional file 1 of Polygenic risk scoring of human embryos: a qualitative study of media coverage
Creators: name: Pagnaer, Tiny
name: Siermann, Maria
name: Borry, Pascal
name: Tšuiko, Olga
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. List of primary news articles’ where the included media articles are listed. It also includes tables where the relevant quotes relating to each theme are listed, namely. Table S2. Quotes from Theme 1: A Slippery Slope Towards Designer Babies. Table S3. Quotes from Theme 2: Well-being of the Child and Parents. Table S4. Quotes from Theme 3: Impact on Society. Table S5. Quotes from Theme 4: Deliberate Choice. Table S6. Quotes from Theme 5: Societal Readiness.
All-Sky Video Orbits of Lyrids 2009
Creators: name: Tóth, Juraj
name: Kornoš, Leonard
name: Vereš, Peter
name: Šilha, Jiří
name: Kalmančok, Dušan
name: Zigo, Pavol
name: Világi, Jozef
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report observational results of the Lyrid meteor shower observed by the double station all-sky video system in the night of April 21/22, 2009 at the Astronomical and Geophysical Observatory of the Comenius University in Modra and Arboretum, Tesárske Mlyňany, Slovakia. This observation was the first test of the double stations and orbit determination method within the frame of the new Slovak Video Meteor Network (SVMN). We present the whole set of 17 observed orbits of Lyrids as well as the five most precise orbits in detail form. The comparison with the known datasets, precise photographic IAU MDC and SonotaCo video orbits, demonstrate quite good consistency and similar quality.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, 2 tables
A broad-spectrum anti-biofilm peptide that targets a cellular stress response
Creators: name: De La Fuente-Núñez, César
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: Bacteria form multicellular communities known as biofilms that cause two thirds of all infections and demonstrate increased adaptive resistance to conventional antibiotics. Currently, there are no approved drugs that specifically target bacterial biofilms. In this work, I first identified peptide 1037, which inhibited biofilm formation in a broad-spectrum manner and proposed that this activity might be due to the effect of the peptide on biofilm-associated processes. However, these processes are not conserved in bacteria and therefore did not explain the broad-spectrum activity of the peptide. Additional screens identified 1018 as a potent anti-biofilm peptide that prevented biofilm formation and led to the eradication of mature biofilms in both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. Low levels of the peptide led to biofilm dispersal, while higher doses triggered biofilm cell death. To explain the broad-spectrum activity of the peptide, I hypothesized that it acted to inhibit a common stress response, and that the stringent response, mediating (p)ppGpp synthesis through the enzymes RelA and SpoT, was targeted. Consistent with this notion, increasing (p)ppGpp synthesis led to reduced susceptibility to the peptide. Furthermore, relA and spoT mutations blocking production of (p)ppGpp replicated the effects of the peptide, leading to reduced biofilm formation. Eliminating (p)ppGpp expression after 2 days of biofilm growth by removal of arabinose from a strain expressing relA behind an arabinose-inducible promoter, reciprocated the effect of peptide added at the same time, leading to loss of biofilm. NMR and chromatography studies showed that the peptide acted on cells to cause degradation of (p)ppGpp, and in vitro directly interacted with ppGpp. These results indicate that 1018 targets (p)ppGpp and marks it for degradation, thus providing an explanation for the broad-spectrum activity of the peptide. Further, the peptide was found to be synergistic with different classes of antibiotics to prevent and eradicate bacterial biofilms. Thus the peptide represents a novel strategy to potentiate antibiotic activity against biofilms. Further studies identified even more potent D-enantiomeric anti-biofilm peptides DJK-5 and DJK-6 that also prevented (p)ppGpp accumulation, were highly synergistic with conventional antibiotics and exhibited in vivo activity. Targeting biofilms represents a novel approach against drug-resistant bacterial infections.
Defect Engineering: Graphene Gets Designer Defects
Creators: name: Carr, Lincoln D.
name: Lusk, Mark T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An extended one-dimensional defect that has the potential to act as a conducting wire has been embedded in another perfect graphene sheet.
description: 2 pages, 1 figure
Effective Capacity and Randomness of Closed Sets
Creators: name: Cenzer, Douglas
name: Brodhead, Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We investigate the connection between measure and capacity for the space of nonempty closed subsets of {0,1}*. For any computable measure, a computable capacity T may be defined by letting T(Q) be the measure of the family of closed sets which have nonempty intersection with Q. We prove an effective version of Choquet's capacity theorem by showing that every computable capacity may be obtained from a computable measure in this way. We establish conditions that characterize when the capacity of a random closed set equals zero or is >0. We construct for certain measures an effectively closed set with positive capacity and with Lebesgue measure zero.
Excitation spectrum of a 2D long-range Bose-liquid with a supersymmetry
Creators: name: Mozgunov, E. V.
name: Feigel'man, M. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have studied excitation spectrum of the specfic 2D model of strongly interacting Bose particles via mapping of the many-body Schrodinger equation in imaginary time to the classical stochastic dynamics. In a broad range of coupling strength $α$ a roton-like spectrum is found, with the roton gap being extremely small in natural units. A single quantum phase transition between strongly correlated supefluid and quantum Berezinsky crystal is found.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures
Soliton Nature of Equilibrium State of Two Charged Masses in General Relativity
Creators: name: Alekseev, G. A.
name: Belinski, V. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: New derivation of static equilibrium state for two charged masses in General Relativity is given in the framework of the Inverse Scattering Method as an alternative to our previous derivation of this solution by the Integral Equation Method. This shows that such solution is of solitonic character and represents the particular case of more general (12-parametric) stationary axisymmetric electrovacuum two-soliton solution for two rotating charged objects obtained by one of the authors in 1986. This result gives an additional support to our comprehension that the appropriate analytical continuations of solitonic solutions in the space of their parameters are always possible and that applicability of the Inverse Scattering Method in presence of electromagnetic field is not restricted only to the cases with naked singularities.
description: 7 pages, RevTeX4
Giant radio halos in galaxy clusters as probes of particle acceleration in turbulent regions
Creators: name: Brunetti, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Giant radio halos in galaxy clusters probe mechanisms of particle acceleration connected with cluster merger events. Shocks and turbulence are driven in the inter-galactic-medium (IGM) during clusters mergers and may have a deep impact on the non-thermal properties of galaxy clusters. Models of turbulent (re)acceleration of relativistic particles allow good correspondence with present observations, from radio halos to gamma-ray upper limits, although several aspects of this complex scenario remain still poorly understood. After providing basic motivations for turbulent acceleration in galaxy clusters, we discuss relevant aspects of the physics of particle acceleration by MHD turbulence and the expected broad--band non-thermal emission from galaxy clusters. We discuss (in brief) the most important results of turbulent (re)acceleration models, the open problems, and the possibilities to test models with future observations. In this respect, further constraints on the origin of giant nearby radio halos can also be obtained by combining their (spectral and morphological) properties with the constraints from gamma-ray observations of their parent clusters.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures, Invited talk at the conference "Diffuse Relativistic Plasmas", Bangalore, March 2011. J. Astrophys. Astr. in press
The descriptive set-theoretic complexity of the set of points of continuity of a multi-valued function (Extended Abstract)
Creators: name: Gregoriades, Vassilios
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this article we treat a notion of continuity for a multi-valued function F and we compute the descriptive set-theoretic complexity of the set of all x for which F is continuous at x. We give conditions under which the latter set is either a G_δset or the countable union of G_δsets. Also we provide a counterexample which shows that the latter result is optimum under the same conditions. Moreover we prove that those conditions are necessary in order to obtain that the set of points of continuity of F is Borel i.e., we show that if we drop some of the previous conditions then there is a multi-valued function F whose graph is a Borel set and the set of points of continuity of F is not a Borel set. Finally we give some analogue results regarding a stronger notion of continuity for a multi-valued function. This article is motivated by a question of M. Ziegler in "Real Computation with Least Discrete Advice: A Complexity Theory of Nonuniform Computability with Applications to Linear Algebra", (submitted).
Additional file 2: of GO functional similarity clustering depends on similarity measure, clustering method, and annotation completeness
Creators: name: Liu, Meng
name: Thomas, Paul
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: Figure S1 Plots of pairwise gene similarity for complete vs. incomplete GO cellular process annotations. Figure S2 Pairwise gene semantic similarities for complete vs. incomplete GO multicellular organism level process annotations. Figure S3 Distribution of pairwise gene similarity scores for simulated incomplete annotation sets. For most measures, a large fraction (~â 25%) of these values lie in a very narrow range. Figure S4 Distribution of the coefficient of variation for accuracy over 100 simulated incomplete annotation sets (see Fig. 5) (DOCX 778 kb)
Modifying the core ring structure of noscapine in the search for novel anticancer agents
Creators: name: STEFAN DOMINIC TOMLINS
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Pharmacology
subject: Organic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: This thesis examines the effect of changing the chemical structure of the natural chemical noscapine on its anticancer activity. It identifies a new noscapine-related drug that can be further developed to see future use in cancer patients while limiting the negative side effects of chemotherapy.
First operation of a double phase LAr Large Electron Multiplier Time Projection Chamber with a two-dimensional projective readout anode
Creators: name: Badertscher, A.
name: Curioni, A.
name: Knecht, L.
name: Lussi, D.
name: Marchionni, A.
name: Natterer, G.
name: Resnati, F.
name: Rubbia, A.
name: Viant, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have previously reported on the construction and successful operation of the novel double phase Liquid Argon Large Electron Multiplier Time Projection Chamber (LAr LEM-TPC). This detector concept provides a 3D-tracking and calorimetric device capable of adjustable charge amplification, a promising readout technology for next-generation neutrino detectors and direct Dark Matter searches. In this paper, we report on the first operation of a LAr LEM-TPC prototype - with an active area of 10$\times$10 cm$^2$ and 21 cm drift length - equipped with a single 1 mm thick LEM amplifying stage and a two dimensional projective readout anode. Cosmic muon events were collected, fully reconstructed and used to characterize the performance of the chamber. The obtained signals provide images of very high quality and the energy loss distributions of minimum ionizing tracks give a direct estimate of the amplification. We find that a stable gain of 27 can be achieved with this detector configuration corresponding to a signal-over-noise ratio larger than 200 for minimum ionizing tracks. The decoupling of the amplification stage and the use of the 2D readout anode offer several advantages which are described in the text.
description: 25 pages, 17 figures
Chromospheric Activities and Kinematics for Solar Type Dwarfs and Subgiants: Analysis of the Activity Distribution and the AVR
Creators: name: Jenkins, James S.
name: Murgas, F.
name: Rojo, P.
name: Jones, Hugh R. A.
name: Day-Jones, Avril C.
name: Jones, Matias I.
name: Clarke, James R. A.
name: Ruiz, Maria-Teresa
name: Pinfield, David J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we present chromospheric activity indices, kinematics, radial-velocities and rotational velocities for more than 850 FGK-type dwarfs and subgiant stars in the southern hemisphere and test how best to calibrate and measure S-indices from echelle spectra. We confirm the bimodal distribution of chromospheric activities for such stars and highlight the role that the more active K-dwarfs play in biasing the number of active stars. We show that the age-activity relationship does appear to continue to ages older than the Sun if we simply compare main sequence stars and subgiant stars, with an offset of around 2.5 Gyrs between the peaks of both distributions. Also we show evidence for an increased spin-down timescale for cool K dwarfs compared with earlier F and G type stars. In addition, we show how kinematics can be used to preselect inactive stars for future planet search projects. We see the well known trend between projected rotational velocity and activity, however we also find a correlation between kinematic space velocity and chromospheric activity. It appears that after the Vaughan-Preston gap there is a quick step function in the kinematic space motion towards a significantly larger spread in velocities. We speculate on reasons for this correlation and provide some model scenarios to describe the bimodal activity distribution through magnetic saturation, residual low level gas accretion or accretion by the star of planets or planetesimals. Finally, we provide a new empirical measurement for the disk heating law, using the latest age-activity relationships to reconstruct the age-velocity distribution for local disk stars. We find a value of 0.337+/-0.045 for the exponent of this power law (i.e. sigma_tot proportional to t^0.337), in excellent agreement with those found using isochrone fitting methods and with theoretical disk heating models. [Abridged]
description: 32 pages, 18 figures, 4 tables, accepted for publication in A&A
Computing the Solutions of the Combined Korteweg-de Vries Equation by Turing Machines
Creators: name: Lu, Dianchen
name: Wang, Qingyan
name: Zheng, Rui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we study the computability of the initial value problem of the Combined KdV equation. It is shown that, for any integer s>2, the nonlinear solution operator which maps an initial condition data to the solution of the Combined KdV equation can be computed by a Turing machine.
Oak Regeneration - Promoting the natural regeneration areas of cork oak and holm oak - Oak Regeneration - Potenciar as áreas de regeneração natural de sobreiro e de azinheira no montado
Creators: name: Melo, Isabel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: operational group
Cork regeneration
RAIN
cork
forest management
natural regeneration
cork oak
holm oak
cork oak stand
holm oak stand
grupo operacional
Cork regenaration
cortiça
gestão florestal
regeneração natural
montado
sobreiro
azinheira

description: Apresentação do grupo operacional Oak regeneration da 4ª reunião da RAIN portuguesa  - Presentation of the Oak regeneration operational group from the 4th meeting of the Portuguese RAIN
Metastability in spin polarised Fermi gases and quasiparticle decays
Creators: name: Sadeghzadeh, Kayvan
name: Bruun, Georg
name: Lobo, Carlos
name: Massignan, Pietro
name: Recati, Alessio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the metastability associated with the first order transition from normal to superfluid phases in the phase diagram of two-component polarised Fermi gases.We begin by detailing the dominant decay processes of single quasiparticles.Having determined the momentum thresholds of each process and calculated their rates, we apply this understanding to a Fermi sea of polarons by linking its metastability to the stability of individual polarons, and predicting a region of metastability for the normal partially polarised phase. In the limit of a single impurity, this region extends from the interaction strength at which a polarised phase of molecules becomes the groundstate, to the one at which the single quasiparticle groundstate changes character from polaronic to molecular. Our argument in terms of a Fermi sea of polarons naturally suggests their use as an experimental probe. We propose experiments to observe the threshold of the predicted region of metastability, the interaction strength at which the quasiparticle groundstate changes character, and the decay rate of polarons.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures
A Dynamical Systems Approach to Schwarzschild Null Geodesics
Creators: name: Belbruno, Edward
name: Pretorius, Frans
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The null geodesics of a Schwarzschild black hole are studied from a dynamical systems perspective. Written in terms of Kerr-Schild coordinates, the null geodesic equation takes on the simple form of a particle moving under the influence of a Newtonian central force with an inverse-cubic potential. We apply a McGehee transformation to these equations, which clearly elucidates the full phase space of solutions. All the null geodesics belong to one of four families of invariant manifolds and their limiting cases, further characterized by the angular momentum L of the orbit: for |L|>|L_c|, (1) the set that flow outward from the white hole, turn around, then fall into the black hole, (2) the set that fall inward from past null infinity, turn around outside the black hole to continue to future null infinity, and for |L|
description: 14 pages, 3 Figures
Making big steps in trajectories
Creators: name: Müller, Norbert Th.
name: Korovina, Margarita
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Software (cs.MS)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: G.4; G.1.7

description: We consider the solution of initial value problems within the context of hybrid systems and emphasise the use of high precision approximations (in software for exact real arithmetic). We propose a novel algorithm for the computation of trajectories up to the area where discontinuous jumps appear, applicable for holomorphic flow functions. Examples with a prototypical implementation illustrate that the algorithm might provide results with higher precision than well-known ODE solvers at a similar computation time.
FRET–based proteolytic activity assays on quantum dots
Creators: name: Wu, Miao
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: Proteases play crucial roles in a multitude of biological processes. However, the behavior of proteases is different when the hydrolysis process occurs at the surface of nanoparticles when compared with that in bulk solution. Preliminary studies have reported an enhancement of hydrolase activity when multiple substrates are conjugated on a nanoparticle surface. The differences in activity and kinetic profiles were partly attributed to interactions between the hydrolase and the nanoparticle surface. Such phenomena have revealed the importance of studying the effect of nanoparticle surface properties on proteolysis. One of the most widely used nanoparticles in bioanalytical applications are quantum dots (QDs). In this work, QDs were used as a scaffold for the study of proteolytic activity on the surface of a nanoparticle where multiple copies of peptide substrate were co-localized, surface chemistry could be varied, and the progress of proteolysis tracked by Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET). The surface was modified with four different types of anionic, small-molecule ligand coatings that are commonly used in the literature: CYS (Cysteine), DHLA (Dihydrolipoic acid), GSH (Glutathione) and MPA (Mercaptopropionic acid). Difference in properties, such as the relative charge on the QDs, appeared to have a large effect on the rate of proteolysis, enhancing or inhibiting protease activity relative to bulk solution. Kinetic profiles were compared for two model proteases, trypsin and thrombin, that hydrolyze the same substrate. Of these two model proteases, thrombin was more sensitive to the QD coating and had a more varied response to different coatings. These results may provide a new way to adjust sensitivity and selectivity in proteolytic assays in vitro. Further, as a first step toward studying proteolysis in biological systems, the QD-FRET method used to track proteolysis in vitro has been adapted to fluorescence microscopy, which enables measurement of spatially heterogeneous protease activity, such as would be encountered with cultured cells. Optical parameters, such as exposure time and excitation intensity are optimized, and calibration samples and homogeneous proteolytic assays were compared between measurements with an epifluorescence microscope and a fluorescence plate reader. Proof-of-concept for heterogeneous proteolytic assays was also demonstrated.
Periodic vibrotactile guidance
Creators: name: Karuei, Idin
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: Emergence of mobile technologies, with their ever increasing computing power, embedded sensors, and connectivity to the Internet has created many new applications such as navigational guidance systems. Unfortunately, these devices can become problematic by inappropriate usage or overloading of the audiovisual channels. Wearable haptics has come to the rescue with the promise of offloading some of the communication from the audiovisual channels. The main goal of our research is to develop a spatiotemporal guidance system based on the potentials and limitations of the sense of touch. Our proposed guidance method, Periodic Vibrotactile Guidance (PVG), guides movement frequency through periodic vibrations to help the user achieve a desired speed and/or finish a task in a desired time. We identify three requirements for a successful PVG system: accurate measurement of the user's movement frequency, successful delivery of vibrotactile cues, and the user's ability to follow the cues at different rates and during auditory multitasking. In Phase 1, we study the sensitivity of different body locations to vibrotactile cues with/without visual workload and under different movement conditions and examine the effect of expectation of location and gender differences. We create a set of design guidelines for wearable haptics. In Phase 2, we develop Robust Realtime Algorithm for Cadence Estimation (RRACE) which measures momentary step frequency/interval via frequency-domain analysis of accelerometer signals available in smartphones. Our results show that, with a 95% accuracy, RRACE is more accurate than the published state-of-the-art time-based algorithm. In Phase 3, we use the guidelines from Phase 1 and the RRACE algorithm to study PVG. First we examine walkers' susceptibility to PVG which shows most walkers can follow the cues with 95% accuracy. Then we examine the effect of auditory multitasking on users' performance and workload, which shows that PVG can successfully guide the walker's speed during multitasking. Our research expands the reach of wearable haptics and guidance technologies by providing design guidelines, a robust cadence detection algorithm, and Periodic Vibrotactile Guidance -- an intuitive method of communicating spatiotemporal information in a continuous manner -- which can successfully guide movement speed with little to no learning required.
Additional file 10 of Recent amplification of microsatellite-associated miniature inverted-repeat transposable elements in the pineapple genome
Creators: name: Lin, Lianyu
name: Sharma, Anupma
name: Yu, Qingyi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 10: Figure S6. Variations in the two ends of TIRs of the 21,994 intact Ac-mMITEs.
Large N expansions and Painlevé hierarchies in the Hermitian matrix model
Creators: name: Álvarez, Gabriel
name: Alonso, Luis Martínez
name: Medina, Elena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a method to characterize and compute the large N formal asymptotics of regular and critical Hermitian matrix models with general even potentials in the one-cut and two-cut cases. Our analysis is based on a method to solve continuum limits of the discrete string equation which uses the resolvent of the Lax operator of the underlying Toda hierarchy. This method also leads to an explicit formulation, in terms of coupling constants and critical parameters, of the members of the Painlevé I and Painlevé II hierarchies associated with one-cut and two-cut critical models respectively.
Additional file 1 of Recent amplification of microsatellite-associated miniature inverted-repeat transposable elements in the pineapple genome
Creators: name: Lin, Lianyu
name: Sharma, Anupma
name: Yu, Qingyi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Summary of MITE families in the pineapple F153 genome.
Viscosities of the quasigluon plasma
Creators: name: Bluhm, M.
name: Kampfer, B.
name: Redlich, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate bulk and shear viscosities of the gluon plasma within relaxation time approximation to an effective Boltzmann-Vlasov type kinetic theory by viewing the plasma as describable in terms of quasigluon excitations with temperature dependent self-energies. The found temperature dependence of the transport coefficients agrees fairly well with available lattice QCD results. The impact of some details in the quasigluon dispersion relation on the specific shear viscosity is discussed.
description: Dec 2010. 4pp. To appear in the proceedings of Hot Quarks 2010: Workshop For Young Scientists On The Physics Of Ultrarelativistic Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions, 21-26 Jun 2010, La Londe les Maures, French Riviera, France