cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The shapes of physical trefoil knots
Creators: name: Johanns, Paul
name: Grandgeorge, Paul
name: Baek, Changyeob
name: Sano, Tomohiko G.
name: Maddocks, John H.
name: Reis, Pedro M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform a compare-and-contrast investigation between the equilibrium shapes of physical and ideal trefoil knots, both in closed and open configurations. Ideal knots are purely geometric abstractions for the tightest configuration tied in a perfectly flexible, self-avoiding tube with an inextensible centerline and undeformable cross-sections. Here, we construct physical realizations of tight trefoil knots tied in an elastomeric rod, and use X-ray tomography and 3D finite element simulation for detailed characterization. Specifically, we evaluate the role of elasticity in dictating the physical knot's overall shape, self-contact regions, curvature profile, and cross-section deformation. We compare the shape of our elastic knots to prior computations of the corresponding ideal configurations. Our results on tight physical knots exhibit many similarities to their purely geometric counterparts, but also some striking dissimilarities that we examine in detail. These observations raise the hypothesis that regions of localized elastic deformation, not captured by the geometric models, could act as precursors for the weak spots that compromise the strength of knotted filaments.
Field-Induced Quantum Criticality of Systems with Ferromagnetically Coupled Structural Spin Units
Creators: name: Rabuffo, I.
name: Mercaldo, M. T.
name: De Cesare, L.
name: D'Auria, A. Caramico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The field-induced quantum criticality of compounds with ferromagnetically coupled structural spin units (as dimers and ladders) is explored by applying Wilson's renormalization group framework to an appropriate effective action. We determine the low-temperature phase boundary and the behavior of relevant quantities decreasing the temperature with the applied magnetic field fixed at its quantum critical point value. In this context, a plausible interpretation of some recent experimental results is also suggested.
description: to be published in Physics Letters A
Two-band parallel conductivity at terahertz frequencies in the superconducting state of MgB$_2$.
Creators: name: Ortolani, M.
name: Dore, P.
name: Di Castro, D.
name: Perucchi, A.
name: Lupi, S.
name: Ferrando, V.
name: Putti, M.
name: Pallecchi, I.
name: Ferdeghini, C.
name: Xi, X. X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The optical response of the two-band superconductor MgB$_2$ has been studied in the 0.7-4 THz range on films with very low impurity level. The effect of the high-energy $σ$-gap is observed in the ratio $R_S/R_N$ between the normal and superconducting state reflectance, while in a neutron irradiated film with a slightly higher impurity level mainly the effect of the $π$-gap is evident as reported in previous experiments. At terahertz frequencies, the electrodynamic of MgB$_2$ can be well described by the two-band parallel conductivity model and is dominated by the $π$-bands when the impurity level is only slightly higher than that of an ultra-clean sample.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Discovery of a candidate protoplanetary disk around the embedded source IRc9 in Orion
Creators: name: Smith, Nathan
name: Bally, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the detection of spatially-extended mid-infrared emission around the luminous embedded star IRc9 in OMC-1, as seen in 8.8, 11.7, and 18.3 micron images obtained with T-ReCS on Gemini South. The extended emission is asymmetric, and the morphology is reminiscent of warm dust disks around other young stars. The putative disk has a radius of roughly 1.5 arcsec (700 AU), and a likely dust mass of almost 10 Earth masses. The infrared spectral energy distribution of IRc9 indicates a total luminosity of about 100 Lsun, implying that it shall become an early A-type star when it reaches the main sequence. Thus, the candidate disk around IRc9 may be a young analog of the planetary debris disks around Vega-like stars and the disks of Herbig Ae stars, and may provide a laboratory in which to study the earliest phases of planet formation. A disk around IRc9 may also add weight to the hypothesis that an enhanced T Tauri-like wind from this star has influenced the molecular outflow from the OMC-1 core.
description: 7 pages, 2 figs, Accepted by ApJ Letters
Simulations of magnetic fields in filaments
Creators: name: Bruggen, M.
name: Ruszkowski, M.
name: Simionescu, A.
name: Hoeft, M.
name: Vecchia, C. Dalla
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The intergalactic magnetic field within filaments should be less polluted by magnetised outflows from active galaxies than magnetic fields in clusters. Therefore, filaments may be a better laboratory to study magnetic field amplification by structure formation than galaxy clusters which typically host many more active galaxies. We present highly resolved cosmological AMR simulations of magnetic fields in the cosmos and make predictions about the evolution and structure of magnetic fields in filaments. Comparing our results to observational evidence for magnetic fields in filaments suggests that amplification of seed fields by gravitational collapse is not sufficient to produce IGM fields. Finally, implications for cosmic ray transport are discussed.
description: accepted by ApJL
USDA's Agricultural Trade Multipliers: A Primer
Creators: name: Schluter, Gerald
name: Edmondson, William
name: Schluter, Gerald
name: Edmondson, William
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1994
Subjects: International Relations/Trade
Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: Because exports are an important and growing market for farm products, we need ways to determine their effect on the U.S. economy. This bulletin discusses ways the economists of the U.S. Department of Agriculture measure the overall effects of agricultural exports. In a highly interrelated economy like that of the United States, many more people benefit from agricultural exports than just farmers and exporters and their employees. Firms that provide materials and services used by farmers and others for producing the export goods also find their businesses growing. Businesses selling consumer goods find their customers spend more income when trade expands. And governments find the higher level of economic activity raises tax revenue, allowing governments to expand services, reduce taxes, or reduce deficits.
Parameters of the 125Te compound state cascade gamma-decay
Creators: name: Bondarenko, V. A.
name: Honzatko, J.
name: Khitrov, V. A.
name: Sukhovoj, A. M.
name: Tomandl, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Reliable information on level density and radiative strength functions for the excitation energy region with density of excited states more than 100 levels per 1 MeV and higher can be obtained now only by its model-free extraction from intensities of two-step cascades proceeding between compound states and few low-lying levels. Full model-free determination of these parameters in any method is possible only if one can extract from additional experimental information about general trend in dependence of ratio of strength functions of emitted reaction products of a given type on excitation energy of the nucleus under study. Analysis of the available experimental data for 125Te shows that the peculiarities observed earlier in other nuclei are also inherent to this nucleus.
description: 24 pages, 5 figures, 1 table
TOI-1259Ab -- a gas giant planet with 2.7% deep transits and a bound white dwarf companion
Creators: name: Martin, David V.
name: El-Badry, Kareem
name: Hodžić, Vedad Kunovac
name: Triaud, Amaury H. M. J.
name: Angus, Ruth
name: Birky, Jessica
name: Foreman-Mackey, Daniel
name: Hedges, Christina
name: Montet, Benjamin T.
name: Murphy, Simon J.
name: Santerne, Alexandre
name: Stassun, Keivan G.
name: Stephan, Alexander P.
name: Wang, Ji
name: Benni, Paul
name: Krushinsky, Vadim
name: Chazov, Nikita
name: Mishevskiy, Nikolay
name: Ziegler, Carl
name: Soubkiou, Abderahmane
name: Benkhaldoun, Zouhair
name: Caldwell, Douglas A.
name: Collins, Karen
name: Henze, Christopher E.
name: Guerrero, Natalia M.
name: Jenkins, Jon M.
name: Latham, David W.
name: Levine, Adam
name: McDermott, Scott
name: Mullally, Susan E.
name: Ricker, George
name: Seager, Sara
name: Shporer, Avi
name: Vanderburg, Andrew
name: Vanderspek, Roland
name: Winn, Joshua N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present TOI-1259Ab, a 1.0 Rjup gas giant planet transiting a 0.71 Rsun K-dwarf on a 3.48 day orbit. The system also contains a bound white dwarf companion TOI-1259B with a projected distance of approximately 1600 AU from the planet host. Transits are observed in nine TESS sector and are 2.7 per cent deep - among the deepest known - making TOI-1259Ab a promising target for atmospheric characterization. Our follow-up radial velocity measurements indicate a variability of semiamplitude K = 71 m/s, implying a planet mass of 0.44 Mjup. By fitting the spectral energy distribution of the white dwarf we derive a total age of 4.08 (+1.21 -0.53) Gyr for the system. The K-dwarf's light curve reveals a rotational variability with a period of 28 days, which implies a gyrochronology age broadly consistent with the white dwarf's total age.
description: Accepted to MNRAS. Some structural changes from first arXiv version but no significant changes to results. One figure got a bit prettier
Die Realisierung des Kinderwunsches bei Lesben und Schwulen. Herausforderungen auf dem Weg zur eigenen Familie
Creators: name: Oehler, René
Publisher: name: VLSP
Year: 2015
Subjects: Regenbogenfamilien
Kinder in Regenbogenfamilien
Kinderwunsch von Lesben und Schwulen
Leihmutterschaft

description: In fünf Interviews werden anhand von persönlichen Schilderungen verschiedene Wege aufgezeigt, durch die Lesben und Schwule ihren Kinderwunsch verwirklicht haben. Dabei werden die familiären Ressourcen sichtbar, die durch die Konstellation von Regenbogenfamilien entstehen, aber auch die Hürden, denen Lesben und Schwule in Deutschland bei der Realisierung ihres Kinderwunsches begegnen. Diese Hindernisse werden mit aktuellen Forschungserkenntnissen kontrastiert, um aufzuzeigen, welche Veränderungen nötig und geboten sind, um Lesben und Schwulen sowie ihren Kindern den Weg in ein gemeinsames Familienleben zu erleichtern, bzw. zu ermöglichen – denn es wird deutlich: Die Hürden auf dem Weg zur Wunschfamilie sind für Lesben und Schwule in Deutschland noch immer beachtlich.
Femtosecond Laser Writing of Spin Defects in Hexagonal Boron Nitride
Creators: name: Gao, Xingyu
name: Pandey, Siddhant
name: Kianinia, Mehran
name: Ahn, Jonghoon
name: Ju, Peng
name: Aharonovich, Igor
name: Shivaram, Niranjan
name: Li, Tongcang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Optically active spin defects in wide-bandgap materials have many potential applications in quantum information and quantum sensing. Spin defects in two-dimensional layered van der Waals materials are just emerging to be investigated. Here we demonstrate that optically-addressable spin ensembles in hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) can be generated by femtosecond laser irradiation. We observe optically detected magnetic resonance (ODMR) of hBN spin defects created by laser irradiation. We show that the creation of spin defects in hBN is strongly affected by the pulse energy of the femtosecond laser. When the laser pulse number is less than a few thousand, the pulse number only affects the density of defects but not the type of defects. With proper laser parameters, spin defects can be generated with a high probability of success. Our work provides a convenient way to create spin defects in hBN by femtosecond laser writing, which shows promising prospects for quantum technologies.
description: 6 figures
Substanzgebrauch bei lesbischen und bisexuellen Frauen
Creators: name: Wolf, Gisela
Publisher: name: VLSP
Year: 2015
Subjects: lesbische Frauen
bisexuelle Frauen
Substanzgebrauch
Sucht
Alkohol
Rauchen
queere Community
Beratung
Psychotherapie

description: Lesbische und bisexuelle Frauen befinden sich aufgrund gesellschaftlicher Zuschreibungen und intersektional verschränkter Zugehörigkeiten (Arbeits- und Ausbildungskontext, Herkunftsfamilie, Communities ...) in spezifischen Lebenssituationen, die auch ihren Umgang und ihre Auseinandersetzungen mit Substanzgebrauch prägen (Greenwood & Gruskin, 2007). So gibt es Hinweise auf Spezifika bei lesbischen und bisexuellen Frauen hinsichtlich ihrer Vulnerabilität für den Gebrauch mancher psychotroper Substanzen, hinsichtlich ihrer Konsummotive und -muster, hinsichtlich der Diskurse um Substanzgebrauch in lesbischen und queeren Communities sowie auch hinsichtlich der Ressourcen, mit denen lesbische und bisexuelle Frauen schädlichem Substanzgebrauch begegnen können.
In diesem Beitrag werden Daten zu unterschiedlichen Umgangsweisen lesbischer und bisexueller Frauen mit Substanzgebrauch dargestellt, mögliche Bedingungen von schädlichem Substanzgebrauch herausgearbeitet, sowie darauf basierend Empfehlungen zur affirmativen und lebensweltorientierten Behandlung von schädlichem Substanzgebrauch bei lesbischen und bisexuellen Frauen entwickelt.
Local characterization of transient chaos on finite times in open systems
Creators: name: Drótos, Gábor
name: Hernández-García, Emilio
name: López, Cristóbal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To characterize local finite-time properties associated with transient chaos in open dynamical systems, we introduce an escape rate and fractal dimensions suitable for this purpose in a coarse-grained description. We numerically illustrate that these quantifiers have a considerable spread across the domain of the dynamics, but their spatial variation, especially on long but non-asymptotic integration times, is approximately consistent with the relationship that was recognized by Kantz and Grassberger for temporally asymptotic quantifiers. In particular, deviations from this relationship are smaller than differences between various locations, which confirms the existence of such a dynamical law and the suitability of our quantifiers to represent underlying dynamical properties in the non-asymptotic regime.
description: 23 pages, 8 figures. Revision based on referee reports: minor corrections and a new analysis of the deviation from the Kantz-Grassberger relationship
Measurements of the Generalized Electric and Magnetic Polarizabilities of the Proton at Low Q2 Using the VCS Reaction
Creators: name: Bourgeois, P.
name: Sato, Y.
name: Shaw, J.
name: Alarcon, R.
name: Bernstein, A. M.
name: Bertozzi, W.
name: Botto, T.
name: Calarco, J.
name: Casagrande, F.
name: Distler, M. O.
name: Dow, K.
name: Farkondeh, M.
name: Georgakopoulos, S.
name: Gilad, S.
name: Hicks, R.
name: Holtrop, M.
name: Hotta, A.
name: Jiang, X.
name: Karabarbounis, A.
name: Kirkpatrick, J.
name: Kowalski, S.
name: Milner, R.
name: Miskimen, R.
name: Nakagawa, I.
name: Papanicolas, C. N.
name: Sarty, A. J.
name: Sirca, S.
name: Six, E.
name: Sparveris, N. F.
name: Stave, S.
name: Stiliaris, E.
name: Tamae, T.
name: Tsentalovich, G.
name: Tschalaer, C.
name: Turchinetz, W.
name: Zhou, Z. -L.
name: Zwart, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The mean square polarizability radii of the proton have been measured for the first time in a virtual Compton scattering experiment performed at the MIT-Bates out-of-plane scattering facility. Response functions and polarizabilities obtained from a dispersion analysis of the data at Q2=0.06 GeV2/c2 are in agreement with O(p3) heavy baryon chiral perturbation theory. The data support the dominance of mesonic effects in the polarizabilities, and the increase of beta with increasing Q2 is evidence for the cancellation of long-range diamagnetism by short-range paramagnetism from the pion cloud.
Formation of hard VHE gamma-ray spectra of blazars due to internal photon-photon absorption
Creators: name: Aharonian, F.
name: Khangulyan, D.
name: Costamante, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The energy spectra of TeV gamma-rays from blazars, after being corrected for intergalatic absorption in the Extragalactic Background Light (EBL), appear unusually hard, a fact that poses challenges to the conventional models of particle acceleration in TeV blazars and/or to the EBL models. In this paper we show that the internal absorption of gamma-rays caused by interactions with dense narrow-band radiation fields in the vicinity of compact gamma-ray production regions can lead to the formation of gamma-ray spectra of an almost arbitrary hardness. This allows significant relaxation of the current tight constraints on particle acceleration and radiation models, although at the expense of enhanced requirements to the available nonthermal energy budget. The latter, however, is not a critical issue, as long as it can be largely compensated by the Doppler boosting, assuming very large ($\geq 30$) Doppler factors of the relativistically moving gamma-ray production regions. The suggested scenario of formation of hard gamma-ray spectra predicts detectable synchrotron radiation of secondary electron-positron pairs which might require a revision of the current ``standard paradigm'' of spectral energy distributions of gamma-ray blazars. If the primary gamma-rays are of hadronic origin related to $pp$ or $p γ$ interactions, the ``internal gamma-ray absorption'' model predicts neutrino fluxes close to the detection threshold of the next generation high energy neutrino detectors.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures, submitted to MNRAS
Psychotherapeutische und beratende Arbeit mit Trans*Menschen. Erfahrung, Haltung, Hoffnung
Creators: name: Günther, Mari
Publisher: name: VLSP
Year: 2015
Subjects: Transidentität
Psychotherapie
Beratung
therapeutische Beziehung
Transition

description: In diesem Artikel möchte ich aus der Praxis meiner beraterischen und therapeutischen Arbeit berichten, in der Menschen mit Fragen zu ihrer geschlechtlichen Identität im Mittelpunkt stehen. Mir ist es dabei wichtig, Ansätze zu zeigen, wie man gut und respektvoll mit Trans*Menschen und therapeutisch zu Fragen der geschlechtlichen Identität arbeiten kann und wie eine hilfreiche Haltung gegenüber Trans*Personen entwickelt und gestaltet werden kann.
Mein Erfahrungshorizont setzt sich aus verschiedenen Anteilen zusammen. Auf der einen Ebene habe ich mit einer Kollegin zusammen über sechs Jahre lang eine Selbsthilfegruppe für Trans*Personen und ihre Angehörigen moderiert, parallel dazu ein Betreuungsprojekt in Berlin aufgebaut, in dem trans* und queer lebende Kinder, Jugendliche und Erwachsene über mehrere Jahre sozialpädagogisch betreut werden. Häufig geht es dabei um eine Phase geschlechtsangleichender Maßnahmen und die Wiedereingliederung in Schule, Ausbildung, Beruf sowie die Wiederausgliederung aus der Psychiatrie. Derzeit sind dort circa 20 Kolleg_innen für circa 70 Personen und Familien engagiert. Im Rahmen dieses Projektes konnte ich jährlich etwa 300 bis 350 Beratungsgespräche mit Trans*Personen und Angehörigen führen. Durch die derzeitige Leitung eines Inter* und Trans*Beratungszentrums kann diese Tätigkeit fortgesetzt werden. Eine intensive therapeutische Arbeit findet teilweise in diesem Rahmen und auch in eigener Praxis statt.
Auf einer anderen Ebene habe ich durch die Mitinitiierung eines Runden Tisches, eines interdisziplinären Qualitätszirkels, der Mitarbeit in verschiedenen Gremien und durch Fortbil- dungen mit vielen Menschen zu tun, die sich dem Thema Trans* annähern, ohne persönlich involviert zu sein. Auf der einen Seite höre ich also viele Lebensgeschichten vom Verzweifeln und Gelingen, auf der anderen Seite viel Skepsis und viel Verständnis. Häufig betrachte ich es als meine Aufgabe, zu übersetzen, in beide Richtungen. Eine wichtige Erfahrung dabei ist es, das Nicht-Trans*Personen ihren privilegierten machtvollen Standpunkt der Betrachtungen nur schwer in den Blick bekommen, Trans*Personen wiederum die Dynamik einer Selbstzuschreibung als „ausgegrenzt“ oder „Opfer“ unterschätzen. Mir hilft eine queere Haltung, um die Bedeutung von Schubladen und Abgrenzungen einzuschätzen und um die Machtfragen nicht aus dem Blick zu verlieren. Das gilt auch für die therapeutische Arbeit.
Local Galaxies as Damped Ly-Alpha Analogs
Creators: name: Zwaan, M. A.
name: van der Hulst, J. M.
name: Briggs, F. H.
name: Verheijen, M. A. W.
name: Ryan-Weber, E. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate in detail the expected properties of low redshift DLA systems under the assumption that they arise in the gaseous disks of galaxies like those in the z=0 population. A sample of 355 nearby galaxies is analysed, for which high quality HI 21-cm emission line maps are available as part of an extensive survey with the Westerbork telescope (WHISP). We find that expected luminosities, impact parameters between quasars and DLA host galaxies, and metal abundances are in good agreement with the observed properties of DLAs and DLA galaxies. The measured redshift number density of z=0 gas above the DLA limit is dN/dz=0.045 +/- 0.006, which compared to higher redshift measurements implies that there is no evolution in the comoving density of DLAs along a line of sight between z=1.5 and z=0, and a decrease of only a factor of two from z=4 to the present time. We conclude that the local galaxy population can explain all properties of low redshift DLAs.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures. To appear in "Island Universes - Structure and Evolution of Disk Galaxies", Terschelling (Netherlands), July 2005
Analysis and Optimal Edge Assignment For Hierarchical Federated Learning on Non-IID Data
Creators: name: Mhaisen, Naram
name: Awad, Alaa
name: Mohamed, Amr
name: Erbad, Aiman
name: Guizani, Mohsen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Distributed learning algorithms aim to leverage distributed and diverse data stored at users' devices to learn a global phenomena by performing training amongst participating devices and periodically aggregating their local models' parameters into a global model. Federated learning is a promising paradigm that allows for extending local training among the participant devices before aggregating the parameters, offering better communication efficiency. However, in the cases where the participants' data are strongly skewed (i.e., non-IID), the local models can overfit local data, leading to low performing global model. In this paper, we first show that a major cause of the performance drop is the weighted distance between the distribution over classes on users' devices and the global distribution. Then, to face this challenge, we leverage the edge computing paradigm to design a hierarchical learning system that performs Federated Gradient Descent on the user-edge layer and Federated Averaging on the edge-cloud layer. In this hierarchical architecture, we formalize and optimize this user-edge assignment problem such that edge-level data distributions turn to be similar (i.e., close to IID), which enhances the Federated Averaging performance. Our experiments on multiple real-world datasets show that the proposed optimized assignment is tractable and leads to faster convergence of models towards a better accuracy value.
Oleg I. Fedotov. I «sonetti sciolti» di Iosif Brodskij
Creators: name: Illarionova, Elizaveta
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2016
Subjects: Brodskij; sonetto; verso libero

description: Si presenta di seguito la traduzione italiana del capitolo "Iosif Brodskij" del volume di Oleg Ivanovič Fedotov Sonet [Sonetto] (2011). Nel capitolo vengono analizzati soprattutto i cosiddetti «sonetti sciolti» (cholostye sonety) di Brodskij, cioè i testi intitolati dall’autore come sonetti (o avvicinabili ai sonetti per altri motivi) ma composti in versi liberi. Fedotov individua 10 testi dotati di queste caratteristiche e riconosce in essi un ciclo poetico unitario sulla base di tratti formali e tematici.

This is the Italian translation of the chapter "Iosif Brodskij" of the book Sonet by Oleg Ivanovič Fedotov.
description: ENTHYMEMA, No 13 (2015)
Monte Carlo Simulations of Spin-Diffusion in a 2-D Heisenberg Paramagnet
Creators: name: Ragan, R.
name: Grunwald, K.
name: Glenz, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study spin diffusion and spin waves in paramagnetic quantum crystals (solid He-3, for example) by direct simulation of a square lattice of atoms interacting via a nearest-neighbor Heisenberg exchange Hamiltonian. Recently, Cowan and Mullin have used a moments method to study spin transport at arbitrary polarizations. We test their analytic results by calculating the statistical spin correlation function from molecular dynamics simulations using a Monte Carlo algorithm to average over initial spin configurations. Since it is not practical to diagonalize the S=1/2 exchange Hamiltonian for a lattice which is of sufficient size to study long-wavelength (hydrodynamic) fluctuations, we instead study the S -> infinity limit and treat each spin as a vector with a classical equation of motion. We compare our simulations with the assumptions of the moments method regarding the short-time behavior and the long exponential tail of the correlation function. We also present our numerical results for the polarization dependence of the longitudinal spin diffusion coefficient and the complex transverse spin diffusion coefficient.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
A missed opportunity for health promotion? Perceptions of large‐scale housing developments in Aotearoa New Zealand
Creators: name: Schindler, Mirjam
Publisher: name: Open Access Te Herenga Waka-Victoria University of Wellington
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 4406
subject: Human geography
classificationCode: 44
subject: Human society
classificationCode: 3709
subject: Physical geography and environmental geoscience

description: AbstractLarge‐scale housing developments (LHD) are increasingly being used to accommodate population growth in (sub)urban Aotearoa, but their market‐oriented and delivery‐focused approach raises questions about whether resulting housing supplies meet residents' expectations for a healthy living environment. Based on a mixed‐methods survey with expert and non‐expert residents in the Wellington Region, this research critically examines LHD and underscores the pressing need for a stronger emphasis on health promotion in rapidly growing (sub)urban environments. The study reveals a strong desire among study participants for more social infrastructure in LHD, responsibility on part of LHD developers towards communal values and community engagement.
Quantum Phase Diagrams of Matter-Field Hamiltonians II: Wigner Function Analysis
Creators: name: López-Peña, Ramón
name: Cordero, Sergio
name: Nahmad-Achar, Eduardo
name: Castaños, Octavio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Non-classical states are of practical interest in quantum computing and quantum metrology. These states can be detected through their Wigner function negativity in some regions. In this paper, we calculate the ground state of the three-level generalised Dicke model for a single atom and determine the structure of its phase diagram using a fidelity criterion. We also calculate the Wigner function of the electromagnetic modes of the ground state through the corresponding reduced density matrix, and show in the phase diagram the regions where entanglement is present. A finer classification for the continuous phase transitions is obtained through the computation of the surface of maximum Bures distance.
description: 22 pages, 11 figures
Energia, linguaggio, tempo: la parola letteraria in “Le avventure dell’interpretazione” di Alessandro Serpieri
Creators: name: Bottiroli, Giovanni
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2016

description: Recensione del libro  di Alessandro Serpieri, Le avventure dell’interpretazione. Leggere i classici oggi. Pisa: ETS, 2015.
description: ENTHYMEMA, No 13 (2015)
La dimensione russa di «Commerce»: il principe D. Svjatopolk-Mirskij e E. Izvol’skaja
Creators: name: Efimov, Michail
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2016

description: Recensiamo Letters from D.S. Mirsky and Helen Iswolsky to Marguerite Caetani. Eds. Sophie Levie and Gerald S. Smith. Roma: Edizioni di Storia e Letteratura, 2015.
description: ENTHYMEMA, No 13 (2015)
Physical space description of decorated quasicrystals
Creators: name: Buczek, Pawel
name: Wolny, Janusz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper the systematic method of dealing with the arbitrary decorations of quasicrystals is presented. The method is founded on the average unit cell formalism and operates in the physical space only, where each decorating atom manifests itself just by an additional component of the displacement density function in the average unit cell. Such approach allows us to use almost all classical crystallography algorithms for structure refining based on experimental data and may meaningly decrease the number of parameters which have to be fit. Further help for such analysis may be the use of proposed recently average Patterson function, here applied to decorated sets. As an example we present a description of a class of decorated quasicrystals based on Sturmian sequence of two interatomic spacings: we calculate explicitly structure factor, the shape of average Patterson function and give an algorithm for pattern analysis.
description: 17 pages, 5 figures
Starting points of national literature and culture
Creators: name: Geybullayeva, Rahilya
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2016
Subjects: Comparative literature; national literature; national culture

description: This is a report of the international conference on Comparative Literature and Culture, organized by the Azerbaijan Comparative Literature Association and the Azerbaijani Literature Department of the Baku Slavic University.
description: ENTHYMEMA, No 13 (2015)
Piezoelectric networks and ferroelectric moiré superlattice domains in twistronic WS$_2$/MoS$_2$ and WSe$_2$/MoSe$_2$ bilayers
Creators: name: Enaldiev, V. V.
name: Ferreira, F.
name: Magorrian, S. J.
name: Fal'ko, V. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Twistronic van der Waals heterostrutures offer exciting opportunities for engineering optoelectronic properties of nanomaterials. Here, we use multiscale modeling to study trapping of charge carriers and excitons by ferroelectric polarisation and piezoelectric charges by domain structures in twistronic WX$_2$/MoX$_2$ bilayers (X=S,Se). For almost aligned 2H-type bilayers, we find that holes and electrons are trapped in the opposite -- WMo and XX (tungsten over molybdenum {\it versus} overlaying chalcogens) -- corners of the honeycomb domain wall network, swapping their position at a twist angle $0.2^{\circ}$, with XX corners providing $30$\,meV deep traps for the interlayer excitons for all angles. In 3R-type bilayers, both electrons and holes are trapped in triangular "3R stacking" domains, where WX$_2$ chalcogens set over MoX$_2$ molybdenums, which act as $130$\,meV deep quantum boxes for interlayer excitons for twist angles $\lesssim 1^{\circ}$, for larger angles shifting towards domain wall network XX stacking sites.
State counting on fibered CY-3 folds and the non-Abelian Weak Gravity Conjecture
Creators: name: Cota, Cesar Fierro
name: Klemm, Albrecht
name: Schimannek, Thorsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We extend the dictionary between the BPS spectrum of Heterotic strings and the one of F-/M-theory compactifications on $K3$ fibered Calabi-Yau 3-folds to cases with higher rank non-Abelian gauge groups and in particular to dual pairs between Heterotic CHL orbifolds and compactifications on Calabi-Yau 3-folds with a compatible genus one fibration. We show how to obtain the new supersymmetric index purely from the Calabi-Yau geometry by reconstructing the Noether-Lefschetz generators, which are vector-valued modular forms. There is an isomorphism between the latter objects and vector-valued lattice Jacobi forms, which relates them to the elliptic genera and twisted-twined elliptic genera of six- and five-dimensional Heterotic strings. The meromorphic Jacobi forms generate the dimensions of the refined cohomology of the Hilbert schemes of symmetric products of the fiber and allow us to refine the BPS indices in the fiber and therefore to obtain, conjecturally, actual state counts. Using the properties of the vector-valued lattice Jacobi forms we also provide a mathematical proof of the non-Abelian weak gravity conjecture for F-/M-theory compactified on this general class of fibered Calabi-Yau 3-folds.
description: 61 pages + appendices, 4 figures; v2: references added, typos corrected, supplementary data included, paragraph added in conclusion
Quantum teleportation between light and matter
Creators: name: Sherson, Jacob
name: Krauter, Hanna
name: Olsson, Rasmus K.
name: Julsgaard, Brian
name: Hammerer, Klemens
name: Cirac, Ignacio
name: Polzik, Eugene S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum teleportation is an important ingredient in distributed quantum networks, and can also serve as an elementary operation in quantum computers. Teleportation was first demonstrated as a transfer of a quantum state of light onto another light beam; later developments used optical relays and demonstrated entanglement swapping for continuous variables. The teleportation of a quantum state between two single material particles (trapped ions) has now also been achieved. Here we demonstrate teleportation between objects of a different nature - light and matter, which respectively represent 'flying' and 'stationary' media. A quantum state encoded in a light pulse is teleported onto a macroscopic object (an atomic ensemble containing 10^12 caesium atoms). Deterministic teleportation is achieved for sets of coherent states with mean photon number (n) up to a few hundred. The fidelities are 0.58+-0.02 for n=20 and 0.60+-0.02 for n=5 - higher than any classical state transfer can possibly achieve. Besides being of fundamental interest, teleportation using a macroscopic atomic ensemble is relevant for the practical implementation of a quantum repeater. An important factor for the implementation of quantum networks is the teleportation distance between transmitter and receiver; this is 0.5 metres in the present experiment. As our experiment uses propagating light to achieve the entanglement of light and atoms required for teleportation, the present approach should be scalable to longer distances.
description: 23 pages, 8 figures, incl. supplementary information
Dynamics of almost strong edge modes in spin chains away from integrability
Creators: name: Yates, Daniel J.
name: Abanov, Alexander G.
name: Mitra, Aditi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Results are presented for the dynamics of an almost strong edge mode which is the quasi-stable Majorana edge mode occurring in non-integrable spin chains. The dynamics of the edge mode is studied using exact diagonalization, and compared with time-evolution with respect to an effective semi-infinite model in Krylov space obtained from the recursion method. The effective Krylov Hamiltonian is found to resemble a spatially inhomogeneous SSH model where the hopping amplitude increases linearly with distance into the bulk, typical of thermalizing systems, but also has a staggered or dimerized structure superimposed on it. The non-perturbatively long lifetime of the edge mode is shown to be due to this staggered structure which diminishes the effectiveness of the linearly growing hopping amplitude. On taking the continuum limit of the Krylov Hamiltonian, the edge mode is found to be equivalent to the quasi-stable mode of a Dirac Hamiltonian on a half line, with a mass which is non-zero over a finite distance, before terminating into a gapless metallic bulk. The analytic estimates are found to be in good agreement with the numerically obtained lifetimes of the edge mode.
description: 17 pages, 7 figures
Sovversione come improvvisazione politica? La pratica dell’illegalità nel movimento antiautoritario a Berlino Ovest alla fine degli anni sessanta
Creators: name: Rampazzo Bazzan, Marco
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2015

description: This paper aims at questioning what an improvisation in politics may mean. It analyzes specifically the reasons why some German activists as Rudi Dutschke and Bernd Rabehl saw the beginning of the Anti-autoritarian Movement in the manifestation against Tschombe of the 18th December 1964; and how they wanted to adopt Mao’s, Fanon’s and Che Guevara’s teachings in their struggle. Its goal is to understand this manifestation as a political improvisation insofar it created the style of Anti-Autoritarian movement of the sixties in West-Berlin.
description: Itinera, No 10 (2015): Sistema e libertà. Razionalità e improvvisazione tra filosofia, arte e pratiche umane.
Thermodynamics of a weakly interacting Bose gas above the transition temperature
Creators: name: Bulakhov, M. S.
name: Peletminskii, A. S.
name: Slyusarenko, Yu. V.
name: Sotnikov, A. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study thermodynamic properties of weakly interacting Bose gases above the transition temperature of Bose-Einstein condensation in the framework of a thermodynamic perturbation theory. Cases of local and non-local interactions between particles are analyzed both analytically and numerically. We obtain and compare the temperature dependencies for the chemical potential, entropy, pressure, and specific heat to those of noninteracting gases. The results set reliable benchmarks for thermodynamic characteristics and their asymptotic behavior in dilute atomic and molecular Bose gases above the transition temperature.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
High Precision Measurements of Interstellar Dispersion Measure with the upgraded GMRT
Creators: name: Krishnakumar, M. A.
name: Manoharan, P. K.
name: Joshi, Bhal Chandra
name: Girgaonkar, Raghav
name: Desai, Shantanu
name: Bagchi, Manjari
name: Nobleson, K.
name: Dey, Lankeswar
name: Susobhanan, Abhimanyu
name: Susarla, Sai Chaitanya
name: Surnis, Mayuresh P.
name: Maan, Yogesh
name: Gopakumar, A.
name: Basu, Avishek
name: Batra, Neelam Dhanda
name: Choudhary, Arpita
name: De, Kishalay
name: Gupta, Yashwant
name: Naidu, Arun Kumar
name: Pathak, Dhruv
name: Singha, Jaikhomba
name: Prabu, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Pulsar radio emission undergoes dispersion due to the presence of free electrons in the interstellar medium (ISM). The dispersive delay in the arrival time of pulsar signal changes over time due to the varying ISM electron column density along the line of sight. Correcting for this delay accurately is crucial for the detection of nanohertz gravitational waves using Pulsar Timing Arrays. In this work, we present in-band and inter-band DM estimates of four pulsars observed with uGMRT over the timescale of a year using two different template alignment methods. The DMs obtained using both these methods show only subtle differences for PSR 1713+0747 and J1909$-$3744. A considerable offset is seen in the DM of PSR J1939+2134 and J2145$-$0750 between the two methods. This could be due to the presence of scattering in the former and profile evolution in the latter. We find that both methods are useful but could have a systematic offset between the DMs obtained. Irrespective of the template alignment methods followed, the precision on the DMs obtained is about $10^{-3}$ pc cm$^{-3}$ using only BAND3 and $10^{-4}$ pc cm$^{-3}$ after combining data from BAND3 and BAND5 of the uGMRT. In a particular result, we have detected a DM excess of about $5\times10^{-3}$ pc cm$^{-3}$ on 24 February 2019 for PSR J2145$-$0750. This excess appears to be due to the interaction region created by fast solar wind from a coronal hole and a coronal mass ejection (CME) observed from the Sun on that epoch. A detailed analysis of this interesting event is presented.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures, 2 tables. Accepted by A&A
Spatial contributions to nuclear magnetic shieldings
Creators: name: Jinger, Rahul Kumar
name: Fliegl, Heike
name: Bast, Radovan
name: Dimitrova, Maria
name: Lehtola, Susi
name: Sundholm, Dage
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a methodology for calculating, analyzing and visualizing nuclear magnetic shielding densities, which are calculated from the current density via the Biot-Savart relation. Atomic contributions to nuclear magnetic shielding constants can be estimated within our framework with a Becke partitioning scheme. The new features have been implemented in the GIMIC program and are applied in this work to the study of the $^1$H and $^{13}$C nuclear magnetic shieldings in benzene (C$_6$H$_6$) and cyclobutadiene (C$_4$H$_4$). The new methodology allows a visual inspection of the spatial origins of the positive (shielding) and negative (deshielding) contributions to the nuclear magnetic shielding constant of a single nucleus, something which has not been hitherto easily accomplished. Analysis of the shielding densities shows that diatropic and paratropic current-density fluxes yield both shielding as well as deshielding contributions, as the shielding or deshielding is determined by the direction of the current-density flux with respect to the studied nucleus instead of the tropicity. Becke partitioning of the magnetic shieldings shows that the magnetic shielding contributions mainly originate from the studied atom and its nearest neighbors, confirming the localized character of nuclear magnetic shieldings.
description: 18 pages, 8 figures, includes supporting information
In Vitro Characterization of SLK-deficient Mouse Embryonic Fibroblasts (MEFs)
Creators: name: Cunha, Clinton Royce
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2019
Subjects: SLK
Cancer
Sabourin
Medicine

description: The Ste20‐like kinase (SLK) has been shown to be expressed in all cell lines and tissues. Previous studies using siRNA and dominant negative approaches have established that SLK plays important roles in cell growth, cytoskeletal dynamics and cell migration. However, the SLK-dependent signaling mechanisms have yet to be elucidated. To further investigate the role of SLK in those processes, we have assessed the effect of a genetic deletion of SLK on cell growth, apoptosis and cell motility. Conditional SLK-floxed fibroblasts were derived and the SLK gene was inactivated in established cell lines. Using cell counts and flow cytometry, we show that SLK deletion does not affect cell growth or progression through the cell cycle. Similarly, Boyden chamber migration assay showed that SLK deletion did not affect cell motility. Using a scratch wound assays and immunofluorescence, we assessed the localization of cytoskeletal protein during migration. Our data show that Paxillin and FAK are still recruited to the leading edge of migrating cells in the absence of SLK. However, nocodazole release studies show that SLK-deficient cells have a faster focal adhesion turnover rate. As SLK has been shown to play a role in apoptosis, we tested the effect of SLK deletion on cell death. Using multiple apoptotic triggers, we show that SLK deletion does not affect apoptosis in fibroblasts and that signaling downstream of those triggers is unchanged. Overall, in contrast to siRNA studies, our data show that the genetic deletion of SLK doesn’t affect cell growth, apoptosis or cell migration. This is likely due to the activation of compensatory mechanisms, bypassing the requirements for SLK.
reval: a Python package to determine best clustering solutions with stability-based relative clustering validation
Creators: name: Landi, Isotta
name: Mandelli, Veronica
name: Lombardo, Michael V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Determining the best partition for a dataset can be a challenging task because of 1) the lack of a priori information within an unsupervised learning framework; and 2) the absence of a unique clustering validation approach to evaluate clustering solutions. Here we present reval: a Python package that leverages stability-based relative clustering validation methods to determine best clustering solutions as the ones that best generalize to unseen data. Statistical software, both in R and Python, usually rely on internal validation metrics, such as silhouette, to select the number of clusters that best fits the data. Meanwhile, open-source software solutions that easily implement relative clustering techniques are lacking. Internal validation methods exploit characteristics of the data itself to produce a result, whereas relative approaches attempt to leverage the unknown underlying distribution of data points looking for generalizable and replicable results. The implementation of relative validation methods can further the theory of clustering by enriching the already available methods that can be used to investigate clustering results in different situations and for different data distributions. This work aims at contributing to this effort by developing a stability-based method that selects the best clustering solution as the one that replicates, via supervised learning, on unseen subsets of data. The package works with multiple clustering and classification algorithms, hence allowing both the automatization of the labeling process and the assessment of the stability of different clustering mechanisms.