cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
MerA functions as a hypothiocyanous acid reductase and defense mechanism in Staphylococcus aureus
Creators: name: Shearer, Heather L.
name: Loi, Vu V.
name: Weiland, Paul
name: Bange, Gert
name: Altegoer, Florian
name: Hampton, Mark B.
name: Antelmann, Haike
name: Dickerhof, Nina
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Heme peroxidase
subject: HypR
subject: MRSA
subject: RclA
subject: SPD_1415
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: The major pathogen Staphylococcus aureus has to cope with host-derived oxidative stress to cause infections in humans. Here, we report that S. aureus tolerates high concentrations of hypothiocyanous acid (HOSCN), a key antimicrobial oxidant produced in the respiratory tract. We discovered that the flavoprotein disulfide reductase (FDR) MerA protects S. aureus from this oxidant by functioning as a HOSCN reductase, with its deletion sensitizing bacteria to HOSCN. Crystal structures of homodimeric MerA (2.4 Å) with a Cys43–Cys48 intramolecular disulfide, and reduced MerACys43S (1.6 Å) showed the FAD cofactor close to the active site, supporting that MerA functions as a group I FDR. MerA is controlled by the redox-sensitive repressor HypR, which we show to be oxidized to intermolecular disulfides under HOSCN stress, resulting in its inactivation and derepression of merA transcription to promote HOSCN tolerance. Our study highlights the HOSCN tolerance of S. aureus and characterizes the structure and function of MerA as a major HOSCN defense mechanism. Crippling the capacity to respond to HOSCN may be a novel strategy for treating S. aureus infections.
[Segl tilhørende Margarethe Sophie Sehestedt]
Creators: name: Sehestedt, Margarethe Sophie
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 0

description: Blasonering av skjoldet: To sidestilte skjold. Allianseskjold. I 1. skjold tre bikuber på en bjelke (Eimhaus), i 2. skjold i blått tre sjøblad i trepass fra en femoddet stjerne (Sehestedt).
description: Blasonering av hjelmtegnet: To hjelmer. 1. med tre strutsefjær. 2. med krone med fem perler (?) og fem heirefjær.
description: Merknad: M.S. Sehestedt var gift med Gen.maj. David v. Eimhaus. Utydelig segl.
description: Beskrivelse av segl og andre opplysninger er hentet fra boka "Segl i Universitetsbiblioteket i Trondheim" av Harald Nissen og Monica Aase utgitt 1990.
From the Beginning: Key Transitions in the First 15 Years of DNSSEC
Creators: name: Osterweil, Eric
name: Tehrani, Pouyan Fotouhi
name: Schmidt, Thomas C.
name: Wählisch, Matthias
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: DNSSEC
subject: domain name system
subject: information security
subject: internet measurement
subject: key rollover
subject: pKI
subject: 000 Informatik, Informationswissenschaft, allgemeine Werke::000 Informatik, Wissen, Systeme::004 Datenverarbeitung; Informatik

description: When the global rollout of the DNS Security Extensions (DNSSEC) began in 2005, a first-of-its-kind trial started: The complexity of a core Internet protocol was magnified in favor of better security for the overall Internet. Thereby, the scale of the loosely-federated delegation in DNS became an unprecedented cryptographic key management challenge. Though fundamental for current and future operational success, our community lacks a clear notion of how to empirically evaluate the process of securely transitioning keys. In this paper, we propose two building blocks to formally characterize and assess key transitions. First, the anatomy of key transitions, i.e., measurable and well-defined properties of key changes; and second, a novel classification model based on this anatomy for describing key transition practices in abstract terms. This abstraction allows for classifying operational behavior. We apply our proposed transition anatomy and transition classes to describe the global DNSSEC deployment. Specifically, we use measurements from the first 15 years of the DNSSEC rollout to detect and understand which key transitions have been used to what degree and which rates of errors and warnings occurred. In contrast to prior work, we consider all possible transitions and not only 1:1 key rollovers. Our results show measurable gaps between prescribed key management processes and key transitions in the wild. We also find evidence that such noncompliant transitions are needed in operations.
[Segl tilhørende Hans Jacob Kyhn]
Creators: name: Kyhn, Hans Jacob
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 0

description: Blasonering av skjoldet: I skjoldet en oppreist løve med et sverd i høyre pote og en vekt i venstre.
description: Blasonering av hjelmtegnet: På hjelmen en seksoddet stjerne mellom to vesselhorn, deromkring bokstavene H J K.
description: Beskrivelse av segl og andre opplysninger er hentet fra boka "Segl i Universitetsbiblioteket i Trondheim" av Harald Nissen og Monica Aase utgitt 1990.
The lesser role of starbursts for star formation at z=2
Creators: name: Rodighiero, G.
name: Daddi, E.
name: Baronchelli, I.
name: Cimatti, A.
name: Renzini, A.
name: Aussel, H.
name: Popesso, P.
name: Lutz, D.
name: Andreani, P.
name: Berta, S.
name: Cava, A.
name: Elbaz, D.
name: Feltre, A.
name: Fontana, A.
name: Schreiber, N. M. Forster
name: Franceschini, A.
name: Genzel, R.
name: Grazian, A.
name: Gruppioni, C.
name: Ilbert, O.
name: Floch, E. Le
name: Magdis, G.
name: Magliocchetti, M.
name: Magnelli, B.
name: Maiolino, R.
name: McCracken, H.
name: Nordon, R.
name: Poglitsch, A.
name: Santini, P.
name: Pozzi, F.
name: Riguccini, L.
name: Tacconi, L. J.
name: Wuyts, S.
name: Zamorani, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two main modes of star formation are know to control the growth of galaxies: a relatively steady one in disk-like galaxies, defining a tight star formation rate (SFR)-stellar mass sequence, and a starburst mode in outliers to such a sequence which is generally interpreted as driven by merging. Such starburst galaxies are rare but have much higher SFRs, and it is of interest to establish the relative importance of these two modes. PACS/Herschel observations over the whole COSMOS and GOODS-South fields, in conjunction with previous optical/near-IR data, have allowed us to accurately quantify for the first time the relative contribution of the two modes to the global SFR density in the redshift interval 1.51000M(sun)/yr, off-sequence sources significantly contribute to the SFR density (46+/-20%). We conclude that merger-driven starbursts play a relatively minor role for the formation of stars in galaxies, whereas they may represent a critical phase towards the quenching of star formation and morphological transformation in galaxies.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ Letters
Identification of NS2 determinants stimulating intrinsic HCV NS2 protease activity
Creators: name: Isken, Olaf
name: Walther, Thomas
name: Wong-Dilworth, Luis
name: Rehders, Dirk
name: Redecke, Lars
name: Tautz, Norbert
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Proteases
subject: Amino acid analysis
subject: Transfection
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: Hepatitis C Virus NS2-NS3 cleavage is mediated by NS2 autoprotease (NS2pro) and this cleavage is important for genome replication and virus assembly. Efficient NS2-NS3 cleavage relies on the stimulation of an intrinsic NS2pro activity by the NS3 protease domain. NS2pro activation depends on conserved hydrophobic NS3 surface residues and yet unknown NS2-NS3 surface interactions. Guided by an in silico NS2-NS3 precursor model, we experimentally identified two NS2 surface residues, F103 and L144, that are important for NS2pro activation by NS3. When analyzed in the absence of NS3, a combination of defined amino acid exchanges, namely F103A and L144I, acts together to increase intrinsic NS2pro activity. This effect is conserved between different HCV genotypes. For mutation L144I its stimulatory effect on NS2pro could be also demonstrated for two other mammalian hepaciviruses, highlighting the functional significance of this finding. We hypothesize that the two exchanges stimulating the intrinsic NS2pro activity mimic structural changes occurring during NS3-mediated NS2pro activation. Introducing these activating NS2pro mutations into a NS2-NS5B replicon reduced NS2-NS3 cleavage and RNA replication, indicating their interference with NS2-NS3 surface interactions pivotal for NS2pro activation by NS3. Data from chimeric hepaciviral NS2-NS3 precursor constructs, suggest that NS2 F103 is involved in the reception or transfer of the NS3 stimulus by NS3 P115. Accordingly, fine-tuned NS2-NS3 surface interactions are a salient feature of HCV NS2-NS3 cleavage. Together, these novel insights provide an exciting basis to dissect molecular mechanisms of NS2pro activation by NS3.
European tree-ring isotopes indicate unusual recent hydroclimate
Creators: name: Freund, Mandy B.
name: Helle, Gerhard
name: Balting, Daniel F.
name: Ballis, Natasha
name: Schleser, Gerhard H.
name: Cubasch, Ulrich
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Attribution
subject: Hydrology
subject: Palaeoclimate
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::550 Geowissenschaften, Geologie::550 Geowissenschaften

description: In recent decades, Europe has experienced more frequent flood and drought events. However, little is known about the long-term, spatiotemporal hydroclimatic changes across Europe. Here we present a climate field reconstruction spanning the entire European continent based on tree-ring stable isotopes. A pronounced seasonal consistency in climate response across Europe leads to a unique, well-verified spatial field reconstruction of European summer hydroclimate back to AD 1600. We find three distinct phases of European hydroclimate variability as possible fingerprints of solar activity (coinciding with the Maunder Minimum and the end of the Little Ice Age) and pronounced decadal variability superimposed by a long-term drying trend from the mid-20th century. We show that the recent European summer drought (2015–2018) is highly unusual in a multi-century context and unprecedented for large parts of central and western Europe. The reconstruction provides further evidence of European summer droughts potentially being influenced by anthropogenic warming and draws attention to regional differences.
Constraining Bilinear R-Parity Violation from Neutrino Masses
Creators: name: Góźdź, Marek
name: Kamiński, Wiesław A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We confront the R-parity violating MSSM model with the neutrino oscillation data. Investigating the 1-loop particle-sparticle diagrams with additional bilinear insertions on the external neutrino lines we construct the relevant contributions to the neutrino mass matrix. A comparison of the so-obtained matrices with the experimental ones assuming normal or inverted hierarchy and taking into account possible CP violating phases, allows to set constraints on the values of the bilinear coupling constants. A similar calculation is presented with the input from the Heidelberg-Moscow neutrinoless double beta decay experiment. We base our analysis on the renormalization group evolution of the MSSM parameters which are unified at the GUT scale. Using the obtained bounds we calculate the contributions to the Majorana neutrino transition magnetic moments.
description: I've decided to move the collection of my papers to arXiv for easier access
Antimicrobial effects of inhaled sphingosine against Pseudomonas aeruginosa in isolated ventilated and perfused pig lungs
Creators: name: Carstens, Henning
name: Kalka, Katharina
name: Verhaegh, Rabea
name: Schumacher, Fabian
name: Soddemann, Matthias
name: Wilker, Barbara
name: Keitsch, Simone
name: Sehl, Carolin
name: Kleuser, Burkhard
name: Hübler, Michael
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Inhalation
subject: Epithelial cells
subject: Pseudomonas aeruginosa
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::615 Pharmakologie, Therapeutik

description: Background Ex-vivo lung perfusion (EVLP) is a save way to verify performance of donor lungs prior to implantation. A major problem of lung transplantation is a donor-to-recipient-transmission of bacterial cultures. Thus, a broadspectrum anti-infective treatment with sphingosine in EVLP might be a novel way to prevent such infections. Sphingosine inhalation might provide a reliable anti-infective treatment option in EVLP. Here, antimicrobial potency of inhalative sphingosine in an infection EVLP model was tested. Methods A 3-hour EVLP run using pig lungs was performed. Bacterial infection was initiated 1-hour before sphingosine inhalation. Biopsies were obtained 60 and 120 min after infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Aliquots of broncho-alveolar lavage (BAL) before and after inhalation of sphingosine were plated and counted, tissue samples were fixed in paraformaldehyde, embedded in paraffin and sectioned. Immunostainings were performed. Results Sphingosine inhalation in the setting of EVLP rapidly resulted in a 6-fold decrease of P. aeruginosa CFU in the lung (p = 0.016). We did not observe any negative side effects of sphingosine. Conclusion Inhalation of sphingosine induced a significant decrease of Pseudomonas aeruginosa at the epithelial layer of tracheal and bronchial cells. The inhalation has no local side effects in ex-vivo perfused and ventilated pig lungs.
Transverse Wave Propagation in Relativistic Two-fluid Plasmas around Schwarzschild-anti-de Sitter Black Hole
Creators: name: Rahman, M. Atiqur
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The 3+1 formalism of Thorne and Macdonald has been used to derive the linear two-fluid equations for transverse waves in the plasma closed to the Schwarzschild-anti-de Sitter (SAdS) black hole. We reformulate the relativistic two-fluid equations to take account of gravitational effects due to the event horizon and negative cosmological constant and describe the set of simultaneous linear equations for the perturbations. Using a local approximation we investigate the one-dimensional radial propagation of Alfven and high frequency electromagnetic waves. We derive the dispersion relation for these waves and solve it for the wave number k numerically.
description: 11 pages. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1008.4838, arXiv:0807.4595, arXiv:0902.3766, arXiv:0806.2740, arXiv:0904.3377
Classification of 3-bridge spheres of 3-bridge arborescent links
Creators: name: Jang, Yeonhee
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we give an isotopy classification of 3-bridge spheres of 3-bridge arborescent links, which are not Montesinos links. To this end, we prove a certain refinement of a theorem of J.S. Birman and H.M. Hilden on the relation between bridge presentations of links and Heegaard splittings of 3-manifolds. In the proof of this result, we also give an answer to a question by K. Morimoto on the classification of genus-2 Heegaard splittings of certain graph manifolds.
description: 36 pages, 37 figures
Are megaquakes clustered?
Creators: name: Daub, Eric G.
name: Ben-Naim, Eli
name: Guyer, Robert A.
name: Johnson, Paul A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study statistical properties of the number of large earthquakes over the past century. We analyze the cumulative distribution of the number of earthquakes with magnitude larger than threshold M in time interval T, and quantify the statistical significance of these results by simulating a large number of synthetic random catalogs. We find that in general, the earthquake record cannot be distinguished from a process that is random in time. This conclusion holds whether aftershocks are removed or not, except at magnitudes below M = 7.3. At long time intervals (T = 2-5 years), we find that statistically significant clustering is present in the catalog for lower magnitude thresholds (M = 7-7.2). However, this clustering is due to a large number of earthquakes on record in the early part of the 20th century, when magnitudes are less certain.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
Fast-forwarding evolution—Accelerated adaptation in a proofreading-deficient hypermutator herpesvirus
Creators: name: Xing, Na
name: Höfler, Thomas
name: Hearn, Cari J.
name: Nascimento, Mariana
name: Camps Paradell, Georgina
name: McMahon, Dino P.
name: Kunec, Dusan
name: Osterrieder, Nikolaus
name: Cheng, Hans H.
name: Trimpert, Jakob
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: polymerase mutant
subject: proofreading deficient
subject: hypermutation
subject: adaptation
subject: DNA polymerase
subject: Marek’s Disease Virus
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: Evolution relies on the availability of genetic diversity for fitness-based selection. However, most deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) viruses employ DNA polymerases (Pol) capable of exonucleolytic proofreading to limit mutation rates during DNA replication. The relative genetic stability produced by high-fidelity genome replication can make studying DNA virus adaptation and evolution an intensive endeavor, especially in slowly replicating viruses. Here, we present a proofreading-impaired Pol mutant (Y547S) of Marek’s disease virus that exhibits a hypermutator phenotype while maintaining unimpaired growth in vitro and wild-type (WT)-like pathogenicity in vivo. At the same time, mutation frequencies observed in Y547S virus populations are 2–5-fold higher compared to the parental WT virus. We find that Y547S adapts faster to growth in originally non-permissive cells, evades pressure conferred by antiviral inhibitors more efficiently, and is more easily attenuated by serial passage in cultured cells compared to WT. Our results suggest that hypermutator viruses can serve as a tool to accelerate evolutionary processes and help identify key genetic changes required for adaptation to novel host cells and resistance to antiviral therapy. Similarly, the rapid attenuation achieved through adaptation of hypermutators to growth in cell culture enables identification of genetic changes underlying attenuation and virulence, knowledge that could practically exploited, e.g. in the rational design of vaccines.
Randomizing multi-product formulas for Hamiltonian simulation
Creators: name: Faehrmann, Paul K.
name: Steudtner, Mark
name: Kueng, Richard
name: Kieferova, Maria
name: Eisert, Jens
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: quantum simulation
subject: algorithms
subject: randomization
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::530 Physik

description: Quantum simulation, the simulation of quantum processes on quantum computers, suggests a path forward for the efficient simulation of problems in condensed-matter physics, quantum chemistry, and materials science. While the majority of quantum simulation algorithms are deterministic, a recent surge of ideas has shown that randomization can greatly benefit algorithmic performance. In this work, we introduce a scheme for quantum simulation that unites the advantages of randomized compiling on the one hand and higher-order multi-product formulas, as they are used for example in linear-combination-of-unitaries (LCU) algorithms or quantum error mitigation, on the other hand. In doing so, we propose a framework of randomized sampling that is expected to be useful for programmable quantum simulators and present two new multi-product formula algorithms tailored to it. Our framework reduces the circuit depth by circumventing the need for oblivious amplitude amplification required by the implementation of multi-product formulas using standard LCU methods, rendering it especially useful for early quantum computers used to estimate the dynamics of quantum systems instead of performing full-fledged quantum phase estimation. Our algorithms achieve a simulation error that shrinks exponentially with the circuit depth. To corroborate their functioning, we prove rigorous performance bounds as well as the concentration of the randomized sampling procedure. We demonstrate the functioning of the approach for several physically meaningful examples of Hamiltonians, including fermionic systems and the Sachdev–Ye–Kitaev model, for which the method provides a favorable scaling in the effort.
Suppressing nano-scale stick-slip motion by feedback
Creators: name: Zhang, Jing
name: Wu, Re-Bing
name: Miao, Lei
name: Xi, Ning
name: Li, Chun-Wen
name: Wang, Yue-Chao
name: Tarn, Tzyh-Jong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When a micro cantilever with a nano-scale tip is manipulated on a substrate with atomic-scale roughness, the periodic lateral frictional force and stochastic fluctuations may induce stick-slip motion of the cantilever tip, which greatly decreases the precision of the nano manipulation. This unwanted motion cannot be reduced by open-loop control especially when there exist parameter uncertainties in the system model, and thus needs to introduce feedback control. However, real-time feedback cannot be realized by the existing virtual reality virtual feedback techniques based on the position sensing capacity of the atomic force microscopy (AFM). To solve this problem, we propose a new method to design real-time feedback control based on the force sensing approach to compensate for the disturbances and thus reduce the stick-slip motion of the cantilever tip. Theoretical analysis and numerical simulations show that the controlled motion of the cantilever tip tracks the desired trajectory with much higher precision. Further investigation shows that our proposal is robust under various parameter uncertainties. Our study opens up new perspectives of real-time nano manipulation.
description: 8 pages, 10 figures
RoboFinch: A versatile audio-visual synchronised robotic bird model for laboratory and field research on songbirds
Creators: name: Simon, Ralph
name: Varkevisser, Judith
name: Mendoza, Ezequiel
name: Hochradel, Klaus
name: Elsinga, Rogier
name: Wiersma, Peter G. G.
name: Middelburg, Esmee
name: Zoeter, Eva
name: Scharff, Constance
name: Riebel, Katharina
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: language evolution
subject: multimodal communication
subject: robotic bird model
subject: robotics
subject: social behaviour
subject: song learning
subject: zebra finch
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::590 Tiere (Zoologie)::598 Aves (Vögel)

description: 1. Singing in birds is accompanied by beak, head and throat movements. The role of these visual cues has long been hypothesised to be an important facilitator in vocal communication, including social interactions and song acquisition, but has seen little experimental study. 2. To address whether audio-visual cues are relevant for birdsong we used high-speed video recording, 3D scanning, 3D printing technology and colour-realistic painting to create RoboFinch, an open source adult-mimicking robot which matches temporal and chromatic properties of songbird vision. We exposed several groups of juvenile zebra finches during their song developmental phase to one of six singing robots that moved their beaks synchronised to their song and compared them with birds in a non-synchronised and two control treatments. 3. Juveniles in the synchronised treatment approached the robot setup from the start of the experiment and progressively increased the time they spent singing, contra to the other treatment groups. Interestingly, birds in the synchronised group seemed to actively listen during tutor song playback, as they sung less during the actual song playback compared to the birds in the asynchronous and audio-only control treatments. 4. Our open source RoboFinch setup thus provides an unprecedented tool for systematic study of the functionality and integration of audio-visual cues associated with song behaviour. Realistic head and beak movements aligned to specific song elements may allow future studies to assess the importance of multisensory cues during song development, sexual signalling and social behaviour. All software and assembly instructions are open source, and the robot can be easily adapted to other species. Experimental manipulations of stimulus combinations and synchronisation can further elucidate how audio-visual cues are integrated by receivers and how they may enhance signal detection, recognition, learning and memory.
PROBLEMS OF RESEARCH OF OBSCENE VOCABULARY
Creators: name: Shoshin, Serguei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 200401 Applied Linguistics and Educational Linguistics
subject: FOS: Languages and literature
subject: 200304 Central and Eastern European Languages (incl. Russian)
subject: 200509 Central and Eastern European Literature (incl. Russian)
subject: 200101 Communication Studies
subject: FOS: Media and communications
subject: 200102 Communication Technology and Digital Media Studies
subject: 200199 Communication and Media Studies not elsewhere classified
subject: 200322 Comparative Language Studies
subject: 200524 Comparative Literature Studies
subject: 200203 Consumption and Everyday Life
subject: FOS: Other humanities
subject: 200299 Cultural Studies not elsewhere classified
subject: 200204 Cultural Theory
subject: 200205 Culture, Gender, Sexuality
subject: 200403 Discourse and Pragmatics
subject: 200206 Globalisation and Culture
subject: 200103 International and Development Communication
subject: 200399 Language Studies not elsewhere classified
subject: 200405 Language in Culture and Society (Sociolinguistics)
subject: 200406 Language in Time and Space (incl. Historical Linguistics, Dialectology)
subject: 209999 Language, Communication and Culture not elsewhere classified
subject: 200407 Lexicography
subject: 200408 Linguistic Structures (incl. Grammar, Phonology, Lexicon, Semantics)
subject: 200499 Linguistics not elsewhere classified
subject: 200599 Literary Studies not elsewhere classified
subject: 200525 Literary Theory
subject: 200209 Multicultural, Intercultural and Cross-cultural Studies
subject: 200105 Organisational, Interpersonal and Intercultural Communication
subject: 200212 Screen and Media Culture
subject: 200526 Stylistics and Textual Analysis

description: One of the problems of obscene vocabulary research is a wide range of opinions of researchers working in modern Russia and the world as a whole on the question of the degree of acceptability of using such lexical constructions.Here one also encounters a complete rejection of the very possibility of using such a curious language construction, and, on the contrary, a certain assumption (permission to use), and with a different degree of permissibility. Anotherproblem can be called the absence in the expert methodology used in the production process of such studies, the analysis of the aspect of compliance of thestudied lexical structures with the content of linguoecology. Also problematic is the situation with the organization of free access of all interested persons to publications outlining the full regulatory and organizational material used in theproduction of such expert studies. In addition, there are some other problems associated with these, inherent in the process of studying constructions of obscene vocabulary in today's Russian conditions.
A Survey on Web Multimedia Mining
Creators: name: Kamde, Pravin M.
name: Algur, Dr. Siddu. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: A.1

description: Modern developments in digital media technologies has made transmitting and storing large amounts of multi/rich media data (e.g. text, images, music, video and their combination) more feasible and affordable than ever before. However, the state of the art techniques to process, mining and manage those rich media are still in their infancy. Advances developments in multimedia acquisition and storage technology the rapid progress has led to the fast growing incredible amount of data stored in databases. Useful information to users can be revealed if these multimedia files are analyzed. Multimedia mining deals with the extraction of implicit knowledge, multimedia data relationships, or other patterns not explicitly stored in multimedia files. Also in retrieval, indexing and classification of multimedia data with efficient information fusion of the different modalities is essential for the system's overall performance. The purpose of this paper is to provide a systematic overview of multimedia mining. This article is also represents the issues in the application process component for multimedia mining followed by the multimedia mining models.
description: 13 Pages; The International Journal of Multimedia & Its Applications (IJMA) Vol.3, No.3, August 2011
Molecular Basis of the Electron Bifurcation Mechanism in the [FeFe]-Hydrogenase Complex HydABC
Creators: name: Katsyv, Alexander
name: Kumar, Anuj
name: Saura, Patricia
name: Pöverlein, Maximilian C.
name: Freibert, Sven A.
name: Stripp, Sven T.
name: Jain, Surbhi
name: Gamiz-Hernandez, Ana P.
name: Kaila, Ville R. I.
name: Müller, Volker
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Charge transfer
subject: Cluster chemistry
subject: Monomers
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften

description: Electron bifurcation is a fundamental energy coupling mechanism widespread in microorganisms that thrive under anoxic conditions. These organisms employ hydrogen to reduce CO2, but the molecular mechanisms have remained enigmatic. The key enzyme responsible for powering these thermodynamically challenging reactions is the electron-bifurcating [FeFe]-hydrogenase HydABC that reduces low-potential ferredoxins (Fd) by oxidizing hydrogen gas (H2). By combining single-particle cryo-electron microscopy (cryoEM) under catalytic turnover conditions with site-directed mutagenesis experiments, functional studies, infrared spectroscopy, and molecular simulations, we show that HydABC from the acetogenic bacteria Acetobacterium woodii and Thermoanaerobacter kivui employ a single flavin mononucleotide (FMN) cofactor to establish electron transfer pathways to the NAD(P)+ and Fd reduction sites by a mechanism that is fundamentally different from classical flavin-based electron bifurcation enzymes. By modulation of the NAD(P)+ binding affinity via reduction of a nearby iron–sulfur cluster, HydABC switches between the exergonic NAD(P)+ reduction and endergonic Fd reduction modes. Our combined findings suggest that the conformational dynamics establish a redox-driven kinetic gate that prevents the backflow of the electrons from the Fd reduction branch toward the FMN site, providing a basis for understanding general mechanistic principles of electron-bifurcating hydrogenases.
Bounds on heat transport for internally heated convection
Creators: name: Arslan, Ali
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2023

description: Convection of a fluid between parallel plates driven by uniform internal heating is a problem where the asymptotic scaling of the mean vertical convective heat transport ⟨wT⟩ was largely unknown. This thesis proves upper bounds on ⟨wT⟩ with respect to the non-dimensional Rayleigh number R. Here R quantifies the destabilising effect of heating compared to the stabilising effect of diffusion. By the background field method, formulated in terms of quadratic auxiliary functionals, linear convex optimisation problems are constructed whose solutions provide upper bounds on ⟨wT⟩. The numerical optimisation carried out with semidefinite programming guides the mathematical analysis and subsequent proofs. The quantity ⟨wT⟩ has different physical implications based on the three thermal boundary conditions studied: perfect conductors, an insulating bottom and perfectly conducting top, and poorly conducting boundaries. In the first setup, ⟨wT⟩ quantifies the flux of heat out of the top and bottom. Whereas in the latter two cases, ⟨wT⟩ quantifies the ratio of total heat transport to the mean conductive heat transport. Critical to the proofs is the use of a minimum principle on the temperature. Finally, we also prove bounds in the scenarios of infinite Prandtl numbers and free-slip boundaries.
Neutralino Induced Majorana Neutrino Transition Magnetic Moments
Creators: name: Góźdź, Marek
name: Kamiński, W. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the effect of neutrino-neutralino mixing on the neutrino magnetic moment and compare it with the contribution of pure particle-sparticle loop. We have found that the dominated mechanism is still the bare loop, and that the bilinear insertions on the external neutrino lines contribute at least one order of magnitude weaker.
description: I've decided to move the collection of my papers to arXiv for easier access. Proceedings of the Nuclear Physics Workshop in Kazimierz Dolny, Poland, 2008
Application of spectral/hp element methods to high-order simulation of industrial automotive geometries
Creators: name: Hambli, Walid M. A.
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2022

description: Flow predictions around cars is a challenge due to massively separated flow and complex flow structures generated. These flow features are usually poorly predicted by present industrial computational fluid dynamics (CFD) codes based on a low fidelity Reynolds averaged Navier Stokes (RANS) approach simulating the mean effects of turbulence. On the other hand, high fidelity approaches resolve turbulent scales but require many more degrees of freedom than classical techniques for an accurate solution. Previous applications have shown that the coupling of the spectral/hp element method and implicit large eddy simulation (iLES) turbulence treatment could be a potential candidate to perform high-fidelity simulations. This work aims at transferring the spectral/hp element technology to the automotive industry in which high Reynolds numbers and complex geometries are typical. Recent developments in stabilisation techniques such as the discontinuous Galerkin kernel spectral vanishing viscosity (SVV) and high-order meshing capabilities open the possibility of the application of the spectral/hp element method to complex cases. The technology is first implemented to an industrial case proposed by McLaren Automotive Limited (MLA) at a realistic Reynolds number of 2,3 million based on the front wheel diameter and is compared to a RANS numerical development tool. Differences in terms of vortical structures arrangement, principally due to the front wheel wake are highlighted. In parallel, a workflow is developed to systematically address similar complex cases. The interaction between h-refinement, related to the size of the elements of the mesh, and p-refinement, corresponding to the polynomial expansion order, is investigated on the SAE notchback body. Two different hp-refinement strategies with similar numbers of degrees of freedom are employed, the first one with a fine mesh and a third-order accurate polynomial expansion and the second one with a coarse mesh and a fifth-order accurate polynomial expansion. Results show that a minimum level of h-refinement is necessary to capture flow features and that p-refinement can subsequently be used to improve their resolution. The final part focuses on wheel rotation modelling. Scale-resolving techniques are intrinsically unsteady and therefore require sophisticated techniques to correctly model rotating wheels. A procedure, built upon an immersed boundary method (IBM) called the smoothed profile method (SPM), is developed to model complex three-dimensional rotating geometries, in particular rim spokes. It is finally applied to an isolated rotating wheel case and results are compared to the moving wall (MW) and the moving reference frame (MRF) modelling techniques. It is concluded that the SPM is in better qualitative agreement with experimental results present in the literature than the two other modelling strategies.
Reward processing in self-harm
Creators: name: Rodrigues, Rachel
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2022

description: Self-harm is a complex yet common behaviour, which can be learned instrumentally through positive and negative reinforcement. It is thought to be processed in part via the reward system. Evidence for this comes mainly from pain research and studies combining neuroimaging with pain application in populations with self-harm. However, relatively little is understood about how reward processes may sustain self-harm. It is also equally important to understand whether biases in how rewards are processed contribute to difficulties managing self-harm, for example self-reported escalation, loss of control and relapse. To address these gaps in our understand- ing, this thesis has systematically reviewed the literature on reward mechanisms involved in self-harm, and reward processing biases that may be associated with self-harm. It has experi- mentally investigated whether processes underpinned by the reward system, such as incentive salience and approach biases, are involved in motivation for self-harm using a Dot Probe task and an Incentive Delay task. Finally, it has experimentally investigated whether biases process- ing non-salient rewards (as opposed to self-harm a potentially ‘salient’ reward) are present in young people with self-harm using an Incentive Delay task and Probabilistic Reversal Learn- ing task, with a particular focus on behavioural motivation, and reward learning as related to compulsivity. Evidence for incentive salience and approach biases towards self-harm was lim- ited in this thesis. However, other findings showed that avoidance of self-harm stimuli may be associated with ambivalence towards self-harm in young people. There was limited evidence to support the role of compulsivity in repetitive self-harm measured using a PRL task, or that individuals with self-harm exhibit differences in reward sensitivity as compared with controls. However, reward processing biases associated with comorbid depression and borderline person- ality disorder may contribute to self-harm in these individuals. Areas for future research and the implications of these results are discussed.
Spin-polarized current induced by a local exchange field in a silicene nanoribbon
Creators: name: An, Xing-Tao
name: Zhang, Yan-Yang
name: Liu, Jian-Jun
name: Li, Shu-Shen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A mechanism to generate a spin-polarized current in a two-terminal zigzag silicene nanoribbon is predicted. As a weak local exchange field that is parallel to the surface of silicene is applied on one of edges of the silicene nanoribbon, a gap is opened in the corresponding gapless edge states but another pair of gapless edge states with opposite spin are still protected by the time-reversal symmetry. Hence, a spin-polarized current can be induced in the gap opened by the local exchange field in this two-terminal system. What is important is that the spin-polarized current can be obtained even in the absence of Rashba spin-orbit coupling and in the case of the very weak exchange filed. That is to say, the mechanism to generate the spin-polarized currents can be easily realized experimentally.We also find that the spin-polarized current is insensitive to weak disorder.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures
Thermalization of Strongly Disordered Nonlinear Chains
Creators: name: Kottos, Tsampikos
name: Shapiro, Boris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Thermalization of systems described by the discrete non-linear Schrödinger equation, in the strong disorder limit, is investigated both theoretically and numerically. We show that introducing correlations in the disorder potential, while keeping the "effective" disorder fixed (as measured by the localization properties of wavepacket dynamics), strongly facilitate the thermalization process and lead to a standard grand canonical distribution of the probability norms associated to each site
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Petzsch, Wilhelm. Der Depotfund von Pluckow (Rügen) und andere bronzezeitliche Funde aus Vorpommern
Creators: name: Jacob-Friesen, Karl-Hermann
Publisher: name: Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte
Year: 2020

description: Rezension zu: Petzsch, Wilhelm. Der Depotfund von Pluckow (Rügen) und andere bronzezeitliche Funde aus Vorpommern. Heft VI der Mitteilungen aus der Sammlung vorgeschichtlicher Altertümer der Universität Greifswald. 8°. 32 S. mit 8 Tafeln. Greifswald 1933. Universitätsverlag Ratsbuchhandlung L. Bamberg, Greifswald
description: Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte, Bd. 7 (1933): Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte
title: From conquest to emergence: An appraisal of the debate over the historical origins of ancient Israel
Creators: name: Johnston, Brian John Vause
Publisher: name: University of Glasgow
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Religious history, archaeology.

description: The motivation for this dissertation arose when I was an undergraduate studying at Stirling University. Although I studied many different religions at Stirling, I found that the unit that fascinated me most was one entitled 'The Social World of Ancient Israel.' To me, the most interesting part of the course was a section about the historical origins of ancient Israel, I had not realised that there had been, and still was, such an intense debate over Israel's early history. I was extremely familiar with the biblical account of Israel's origins, as I regularly attended Sunday school classes and Bible Studies as a child, but I was unaware that there were so many problems with the Bible's version of Israel's arrival into history. At that time, I decided that I would like to study the historical origins of ancient Israel at a higher level. My purpose in writing this dissertation, is to give a general introduction to the background of the history of the 'origins' debate that would be of use to someone who is relatively new to the subject. With the limited word count that I had to work with, I have selected the features of the debate that I deemed the most important for the newcomer. This did cause a few headaches with what I had to leave out, the Amorite hypothesis and Noth's amphyctiony are just two of the casualties, but I believe that what is included will give the reader good background knowledge of the subject. The main focus of this dissertation is the relationship between the biblical account and what is known from archaeology. Although comparative anthropology is also a major factor, I have not focussed as much on that side of the debate. I have included certain anthropological arguments, but I have not gone into any great detail about the construction of anthropological models, again, this is mainly due to the limited word count. The scope of the dissertation has been limited to cover from the period of the patriarchs through to the establishment of the United Monarchy. I decided to end the investigation at the United Monarchy, as I believe that this is the moment in time where we can start to talk of an Israel as a self-governing sovereign nation. It is at this point that I believe we can start to talk of Israel entering into real history.
Impact of aortic acceleration on haemodynamics
Creators: name: Abou-Gamrah, Mazen Mohamed
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2022

description: The aortic valve apparatus (AVA) is a complicated structure continuously moving throughout the cardiac cycle such that it may be regarded as a live organ. Different studies previously focused on analysing the dynamism or local deformations of the AVA; however, the effect of the axial movement of the AVA on blood flow or aortic valve loading remains uncharted. In this study we propose analysing the axial acceleration of the AVA and its effect on blood flow. After mathematically decomposing the deformations of healthy AVA’s from CT image tracking, it was deduced that the dominant component is the axial movement towards and away from the left ventricle. Using the 1D water hammer approximation we hypothesised a theory tying the previously inexplicable dicrotic notch seen on the arterial pressure waveform to the AVA acceleration during valve closure. The next intermediate step was to use an idealised model replicating the anatomy of the AVA in order to study the effect of axial acceleration on blood flow combined with steady inflow conditions. A series of non-dimensional parameters describing the underlying physics were derived in order to enable an appropriate comparison with a patient specific anatomy. The final step was to analyse a stationary and an accelerating patient specific AVA using high fidelity Fluid-Structure Interaction (FSI) simulations. The results showed qualitative and quantitative differences between both cases especially in valvular dynamics and loading. Moreover, the FSI simulation results confirmed the presence of a sudden reactive force on the aortic valve in the accelerating AVA case at the time of peak acceleration during valve closure; where the same phenomenon was not present in the stationary AVA case. The calculated force of 0.6 N along with the aortic valve wetted area of 0.0013 m2 yield ≈ 3.5 mmHg which is in the same ball park as previously measured dicrotic notch pressure rises. As a result, we propose that the axial acceleration of the AVA may be a crucial parameter in diagnosing aortic or ventricular disease since it has a significant effect on aortic valve function. We also propose a future plan of investigation in order to strengthen our hypothesis and enable the use of the acceleration of the AVA as a non-invasive diagnostic parameter.
Schulten, Adolf. Geschichte von Numantia
Creators: name: Jacob-Friesen, Karl-Hermann
Publisher: name: Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte
Year: 2020

description: Rezension zu: Schulten, Adolf. Geschichte von Numantia. 8°. 170 Seiten mit 11 Plänen und 13 Abbildungen. München 1933. Verlag Piloty und Loehle
description: Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte, Bd. 7 (1933): Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte