cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Optimal Machinery Replacement under Accelerated Depreciation
Creators: name: Ibendahl, Gregory A.
name: Norvell, Jonathan
name: Ibendahl, Gregory A.
name: Norvell, Jonathan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: Farm Management

description: The last several years have seen tax law changes that provide accelerated depreciation for farmers. Accelerated depreciation laws seem to be designed to help stimulate the economy by encouraging farmers to purchase more machinery and to replace machinery more often. Farmers do benefit because lower taxes this year are probably better than lower taxes in future years (as long as marginal tax rates are the same). Less clear, however, is whether farmers should actually replace machinery more frequently. In other words, is the optimal lifespan of an asset reduced due to new. This paper tests for the optimal replacement age under conventional and accelerated deprecation laws and finds that accelerated deprecation laws appear to help farmers. However, the optimal year to replace is not different. This paper introduces stochastic elements into the decision model
Sparticle Spectroscopy and Dark Matter in a $U(1)_{B-L}$ extension of MSSM
Creators: name: Ahmed, Waqas
name: Raza, Shabbar
name: Shafi, Qaisar
name: Un, Cem Salih
name: Zhu, Bin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a class of SUSY models in which the MSSM gauge group is supplemented with a gauged $U(1)_{B-L}$ symmetry and a global $U(1)_{R}$ symmetry. This extension introduces only electrically neutral states, and the new SUSY partners effectively double the number of states in the neutralino sector that now includes a blino (from $B-L$) and singlino from a gauge singlet superfield. If the DM density is saturated by a LSP neutralino, the model yields quite a rich phenomenology depending on the DM composition. The LSP relic density constraint provides a lower bound on the stop and gluino masses of about 3 TeV and 4 TeV respectively, which is testable in the near future collider experiments such as HL-LHC. The chargino mass lies between 0.24 TeV and about 2.0 TeV, which can be tested based on the allowed decay channels. We also find $m_{\tildeτ_{1}}\gtrsim 500$ GeV, and $m_{\tilde{e}},m_{\tildeμ},m_{\tildeν^{S,P}} \gtrsim 1$ TeV. We identify chargino-neutralino coannihilation processes in the mass region $0.24 \,{\rm TeV} \lesssim m_{\tildeχ_{1}^{0}}\approx m_{\tildeχ_{1}^{\pm}}\lesssim 1.5$ TeV, and also coannihilation processes involving stau, selectron, smuon and sneutrinos for masses around 1 TeV. In addition, $A_{2}$ resonance solutions are found around 1 TeV, and $H_{2}$ and $H_{3}$ resonance solutions are also shown around 0.5 TeV and 1 TeV . Some of the $A_{2}$ resonance solutions with $\tanβ\gtrsim 20$ may be tested by the $A/H\rightarrow τ^{+}τ^{-}$ LHC searches. While the relic density constraint excludes the bino-like DM, it is still possible to realize higgsino, singlino and blino-like DM for various mass scales. We show that all these solutions will be tested in future direct detection experiments such as LUX-Zeplin and Xenon-nT.
description: 23 pages,4 figures
Cost Sensitivity Analysis on the Optimal Location of Technology Providers In Kentucky
Creators: name: Shockley, Jordan M.
name: Saghaian, Sayed H.
name: Dillon, Carl R.
name: Shockley, Jordan M.
name: Saghaian, Sayed H.
name: Dillon, Carl R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: warehouse location model
subject: precision agriculture
subject: agribusiness

description: A warehouse location model was utilized in order to expand upon previous research. The aim was to more accurately depicting the optimal location for an agribusiness firm providing precision agriculture technologies in the state of Kentucky. It was determined that the optimal solution was Muhlenberg County.
BSE and the US Economy: Input-Output Model Perspective
Creators: name: Yeboah, Osei-Agyeman
name: Kebede, Ellene
name: Ofori-Boadu, Victor
name: Allen, Albert J.
name: Yeboah, Osei-Agyeman
name: Kebede, Ellene
name: Ofori-Boadu, Victor
name: Allen, Albert J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: Livestock Production/Industries

description: The potential impact of a BSE outbreak on the US economy is modeled in input-output setting using 2002 US IMPLAN data. An outbreak of BSE would hurt the US beef industry, other agriculturally-related industry, and the rest of the economy as a whole. The worse effects occur in the beef cattle and farming industries. Generally, the economy of every county would be hurt given the fact that cattle are produced in all the 50 states. But it is apparent that the damage would be substantial in those regions and households which already suffer the severest economic damage.
Economic Analysis of a Traveling Gun for Feedyard Dust Suppression
Creators: name: Amosson, Stephen H.
name: Bretz, Fran E.
name: New, Leon L.
name: Almas, Lal K.
name: Amosson, Stephen H.
name: Bretz, Fran E.
name: New, Leon L.
name: Almas, Lal K.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: traveling gun
subject: dust suppression
subject: fixed costs
subject: operational costs

description: Dust created in feedyards can adversely affect cattle performance. Dust suppression can be accomplished by moistening pen surfaces with traveling gun(s) sprinklers, solid-set sprinklers, and water trucks. This study specifically addresses the fixed and operational costs associated with a traveling gun sprinkler system for various sized feedyards.
Phasenverbindung in der Lehrerbildung am Beispiel des Tandemseminars
Creators: name: Fischer, Katharina
Publisher: name: PAradigma: Beiträge aus Forschung und Lehre aus dem Zentrum für Lehrerbildung und Fachdidaktik
Year: 2017

description: Aus einer Kooperation der Universität Passau, vertreten durch den Lehrstuhl für Grundschulpädagogik und -didaktik und der Regierung von Niederbayern, konnte ein phasenverbindendes Seminarangebot entwickelt werden, um Studentinnen und Studenten des Lehramts für Grundschulen einen frühzeitigen Einblick in ihr zukünftiges Berufsfeld zu ermöglichen. Die Teilnehmerinnen und Teilnehmer absolvieren darin eine Praxiswoche, in der sie mit Lehramtsanwärterinnen und Lehramtsanwärtern zusammenarbeiten, diese in ihrem Alltag begleiten und am Studienseminar des Vorbereitungsdienstes teilnehmen. Im Sinne einer Vernetzung aus Theorie und Praxis findet eine Begleitveranstaltung an der Universität statt, die sich mit verschiedenen Professions- und Unterrichtstheorien beschäftigt. Auf Basis eines berufsbiographischen Professionsverständnisses soll damit eine Brücke zwischen den ersten beiden Ausbildungsphasen gelingen bzw. ein mögliches Beispiel für eine phasenverbindende Lehrerbildung aufgezeigt werden.
description: PAradigma: Beiträge aus Forschung und Lehre aus dem Zentrum für Lehrerbildung und Fachdidaktik, Bd. 8 (2016)
The Impact of Biofuel Production on Crop Production in the Southern Plains
Creators: name: Ragan, Holly R.
name: Kenkel, Philip L.
name: Ragan, Holly R.
name: Kenkel, Philip L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: The objective of the study is to determine how grain-based ethanol, cellulosic-based ethanol, and biodiesel production could influence cropping patterns in the Southern Plains. The study analyzes current and potential biofuel crop production and projects cropping changes at various biofuel prices.
First results from SMAUG: Characterization of Multiphase Galactic Outflows from a Suite of Local Star-Forming Galactic Disk Simulations
Creators: name: Kim, Chang-Goo
name: Ostriker, Eve C.
name: Somerville, Rachel S.
name: Bryan, Greg L.
name: Fielding, Drummond B.
name: Forbes, John C.
name: Hayward, Christopher C.
name: Hernquist, Lars
name: Pandya, Viraj
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Large scale outflows in star-forming galaxies are observed to be ubiquitous, and are a key aspect of theoretical modeling of galactic evolution in a cosmological context, the focus of the SMAUG (Simulating Multiscale Astrophysics to Understand Galaxies) project. Gas blown out from galactic disks, similar to gas within galaxies, consists of multiple phases with large contrasts of density, temperature, and other properties. To study multiphase outflows as emergent phenomena, we run a suite of ~pc-resolution local galactic disk simulations using the TIGRESS framework. Explicit modeling of the interstellar medium (ISM), including star formation and self-consistent radiative heating plus supernova feedback, regulates ISM properties and drives the outflow. We investigate the scaling of outflow mass, momentum, energy, and metal loading factors with galactic disk properties, including star formation rate (SFR) surface density (Σ_SFR~10^{-4}-1 M_sun/kpc^2/yr), gas surface density (~1-100 M_sun/pc^2), and total midplane pressure (or weight) (~10^3-10^6 k_B cm^{-3} K). The main components of outflowing gas are mass-delivering cool gas (T~10^4 K) and energy/metal-delivering hot gas (T~10^6 K). Cool mass outflow rates measured at outflow launch points (one or two scale heights) are 1-100 times the SFR (decreasing with Σ_SFR), although in massive galaxies most mass falls back due to insufficient outflow velocity. The hot galactic outflow carries mass comparable to 10% of the SFR, together with 10-20% of the energy and 30-60% of the metal mass injected by SN feedback. The characteristic outflow velocities of both phases scale very weakly with SFR, as v_out \propto Σ_SFR^{0.1~0.2}, consistent with observations. Importantly, our analysis demonstrates that in any physically-motivated cosmological wind model, it is crucial to include at least two distinct thermal wind components.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ. More information on the SMAUG project and the other first result papers can be found here: https://www.simonsfoundation.org/flatiron/center-for-computational-astrophysics/galaxy-formation/smaug/papersplash1
Factors Affecting Demand for Branded Beef
Creators: name: Martinez, Stephen W.
name: Hanagriff, Roger D.
name: Lau, Michael H.
name: Harris, James Michael
name: Martinez, Stephen W.
name: Hanagriff, Roger D.
name: Lau, Michael H.
name: Harris, James Michael
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Branded beef
subject: Demographics
subject: Demand
subject: Panel Data
subject: Logit

description: This paper finds that branded fresh beef expenditures increased from 20.8 percent in 1998 to 28.6 percent in 2004 for all fresh beef expenditures. In addition, geographic location, household income, household race, and household size were found to affect the likelihood of branded fresh beef purchases in 2004.
Property Tax Lids and the Effect on Kansas
Creators: name: Springer, Job D.
name: Lusby, Aaron K.
name: Leatherman, John C.
name: Featherstone, Allen M.
name: Springer, Job D.
name: Lusby, Aaron K.
name: Leatherman, John C.
name: Featherstone, Allen M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: Public Economics

description: Cross sectional time series data in a partial adjustment model examine local government behavior under an aggregate property tax levy limit and under Truth in Taxation in Kansas. Results indicate that the aggregate levy limit would have continued to restrict property tax revenue and spending had it not been replaced.
Deep learning for Stock Market Prediction
Creators: name: Nabipour, Mojtaba
name: Nayyeri, Pooyan
name: Jabani, Hamed
name: Mosavi, Amir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Finance (q-fin.ST)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 68T05

description: Prediction of stock groups' values has always been attractive and challenging for shareholders. This paper concentrates on the future prediction of stock market groups. Four groups named diversified financials, petroleum, non-metallic minerals and basic metals from Tehran stock exchange are chosen for experimental evaluations. Data are collected for the groups based on ten years of historical records. The values predictions are created for 1, 2, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 30 days in advance. The machine learning algorithms utilized for prediction of future values of stock market groups. We employed Decision Tree, Bagging, Random Forest, Adaptive Boosting (Adaboost), Gradient Boosting and eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), and Artificial neural network (ANN), Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) and Long short-term memory (LSTM). Ten technical indicators are selected as the inputs into each of the prediction models. Finally, the result of predictions is presented for each technique based on three metrics. Among all the algorithms used in this paper, LSTM shows more accurate results with the highest model fitting ability. Also, for tree-based models, there is often an intense competition between Adaboost, Gradient Boosting, and XGBoost.
description: 25 pages, 35 tables, 6 figures
Xylosandrus morigerus
Creators: name: Rabaglia, Robert J.
name: Beaver, Roger A.
name: Johnson, Andrew J.
name: Schmaedick, Mark A.
name: Smith, Sarah M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Curculionidae
Xylosandrus
Xylosandrus morigerus

description: Xylosandrus morigerus (Blandford)
 Xyleborus morigerus Blandford, 1894a: 264.
 Xylosandrus morigerus (Blandford): Reitter 1913: 84.
 First reports of this common and widely distributed species in American Samoa were by Schedl (1951a) who reported it in several locations on Tutuila. X. morigerus is distributed worldwide in tropical and subtropical areas, and in some areas is a serious pest of cultivated trees (Browne 1961).
Current survey records: Tutuila Isl.: Aoa, Fagaalu, Fagaitua, Iliili, Leone, Malaeimi, Masausi, Pago Pago, Vatia; Aunu‘u Isl.; Ofu Isl.: Ofu; Olosega Isl.: Olosega.
description: Published as part of Rabaglia, Robert J., Beaver, Roger A., Johnson, Andrew J., Schmaedick, Mark A. & Smith, Sarah M., 2020, The bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae) of American Samoa, pp. 171-195 in Zootaxa 4808 (1) on page 185, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4808.1.11, http://zenodo.org/record/3927891
On the universality of cross sections of hadron-hadron(nuclei) collisions at superhigh energies
Creators: name: Frankfurt, L.
name: Strikman, M.
name: Zhalov, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the pattern of the onset of complete absorption (the black limit) in the high energy hadron-hadron collisions. The black limit arises due to the hard and soft interaction dynamics as a function of the impact parameters b. Both hard and soft mechanisms provide universal dependence of the partial amplitude of the high energy elastic hadron- hadron scattering on the impact parameter ${\bf b}$ and result in the radius of interaction proportional to $\ln (s/s_0)$. We find that with increase of the collision energies hard interactions lead to a faster increase of the impact parameter range where the partial wave amplitudes are approaching the unitarity limit. Consequently, we argue that at super high energies whenthe radius of hadronic interactions significantly exceeds static radii of the interacting hadrons(nuclei) the ratio of total cross sections of nucleon-nucleon, meson-nucleon, hadron-nucleus, nucleus-nucleus collisions becomes equal to one. The same universality is also expected for the structure functions of nuclei: $F_{2 A}(x,Q^2)/F_{2 N}(x,Q^2)> \to 1$, at very small $x$, and for the ratio $>σ_{gamma A}/>σ_{>γp}\to 1$ at superhigh energies. We analyze how accounting for the energy dependence of the interaction radii changes the geometry of hadron-nucleus and nucleus-nucleus collisions, the energy dependence of total, absorption and inelastic cross sections, the distribution over the number of wounded nucleons in proton-nucleus collisions and find that these effects are noticeable already for the LHC energies and even more so close to the Greisen-Zatsepin-Kuzmin limit.
description: 24 pages, 9 figures
Konstruktion von interessanten und bedeutsamen Arbeitsmaterialien mittels Blickbewegungsanalysen
Creators: name: Böhm, Matthias
Publisher: name: PAradigma: Beiträge aus Forschung und Lehre aus dem Zentrum für Lehrerbildung und Fachdidaktik
Year: 2017

description: Lehramtsstudierende bemängeln immer wieder den in ihren Augen zu gering ausgeprägten Praxisbezug der universitären Phase ihrer Ausbildung. Demgegenüber sehen Lehrende meist den theoretischen Hintergrund auch aus aktuellen Forschungserkenntnissen als Basis ihrer Lehre für unverzichtbar. Diese oft konträr wahrgenommenen Positionen versucht das Seminarkonzept dieser Veranstaltung anzunähern: Vor dem Hintergrund aktueller Forschung werden von Studierenden Lernmaterialien für die unterrichtliche Praxis entworfen, in der Seminargruppe hinsichtlich ihrer möglichen Wirkung analysiert und anschlieÃŸend in einer Blickbewegungsstudie untersucht und in der durch sie erlebten Interessantheit eingeschätzt. Die dadurch gewonnenen Erkenntnisse werden in einer zweiten Konstruktionsphase in die bestehenden Aufgabenentwürfe eingearbeitet und in einer zweiten Blickbewegungsanalyse und Interessantheitseinschätzung erneut untersucht. Die zwischen den beiden Untersuchungspunkten liegenden Differenzen sollen dabei die Evidenz für die Lernprozesse der Studierenden und somit den Erfolg des Seminarkonzepts sicherstellen, welches auch eine Verringerung der Distanz zwischen der Intention der Lehrkräfte bei der Lernmaterialerstellung und dem tatsächlichen Handeln von Schülerinnen und Schülern anstrebt.
description: PAradigma: Beiträge aus Forschung und Lehre aus dem Zentrum für Lehrerbildung und Fachdidaktik, Bd. 8 (2016)
Assessing Sustainability of Agricultural Systems: Evidence from a Conjoint Choice Survey
Creators: name: Sydorovych, Olha
name: Wossink, Ada
name: Sydorovych, Olha
name: Wossink, Ada
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy

description: This study identifies a list of economic, social, and ecological agricultural sustainability attributes based on experts' opinions. Next, the attributes are used in a conjoint choice experiment which enables direct extraction of the relative impact of the attributes and attribute levels on individual respondents' perception of overall sustainability.
The Klein bottle group is not strongly verbally closed, though awfully close to being so
Creators: name: Klyachko, Anton A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: According to Mazhuga's theorem, the fundamental group $H$ of any connected surface, possibly except for the Klein bottle, is a retract of each finitely generated group containing $H$ as a verbally closed subgroup. We prove that the Klein bottle group is indeed an exception but has a very close property.
description: 4 pages. V.2: A misprint corrected, thanks to the referee. A Russian version of this paper is at http://halgebra.math.msu.su/staff/klyachko/papers.htm
Studierende als Lernpaten für Schülerinnen und Schüler. Forschendes und digitales Lernen am Beispiel der Sprachdynamik im deutsch-österreichischen Grenzraum
Creators: name: Bülow, Lars
name: Kleene, Andrea
name: Stelzer, Florian
Publisher: name: PAradigma: Beiträge aus Forschung und Lehre aus dem Zentrum für Lehrerbildung und Fachdidaktik
Year: 2017

description: Der Beitrag stellt ein interdisziplinär durchgeführtes Lehr-Lern-Projekt als Best-Practice-Beispiel vor. Ziel des vom Lehrinnovationspool der Universität Passau geförderten Projekts war es, Studierende der Sprachwissenschaft und Geographie sowie Schülerinnen und Schüler der FOS/BOS an digitales, selbstständiges und forschendes Lernen im thematischen Kontext der â€žSprachdynamik im deutsch-österreichischen Grenzraumâ€œ heranzuführen. Der Aufsatz zeigt, wie Studierenden verschiedene Rollen als Lernende, Forschende und auch als Lehrende einnehmen, indem sie die Schülerinnen und Schüler als Lernpaten bei der Planung, Durchführung und Auswertung von gemeinsamen Forschungsvorhaben unterstützen. Exemplarisch wird ein Projekt für Schülerinnen und Schüler näher vorgestellt. Weiterhin reflektiert der Beitrag das Lehrhandeln der Dozierenden.
description: PAradigma: Beiträge aus Forschung und Lehre aus dem Zentrum für Lehrerbildung und Fachdidaktik, Bd. 8 (2016)
Scolytomimus maculatus Beeson 1929
Creators: name: Rabaglia, Robert J.
name: Beaver, Roger A.
name: Johnson, Andrew J.
name: Schmaedick, Mark A.
name: Smith, Sarah M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Curculionidae
Scolytomimus
Scolytomimus maculatus

description: Scolytomimus maculatus Beeson
 Scolytomimus maculatus Beeson, 1929: 223.
Beeson (1929) described this species based on specimens from Upolu and Tutuila. It is endemic to Fiji and the Samoan Islands.
Current survey records: American Samoa: Tutuila Isl.: Alofau, Asili, Maloata, Tula; Olosega Isl.: Olosega.
description: Published as part of Rabaglia, Robert J., Beaver, Roger A., Johnson, Andrew J., Schmaedick, Mark A. & Smith, Sarah M., 2020, The bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae) of American Samoa, pp. 171-195 in Zootaxa 4808 (1) on page 185, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4808.1.11, http://zenodo.org/record/3927891
The Water Advantage: Seeking sustainable solutions for water stress
Creators: name: Soma, Chakrabarti
name: Soma, Chakrabarti
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: climate change
subject: poor rural communities
subject: malnutrition
subject: ecosystems

description: Among ecosystems services, freshwater is one of the most fundamental for life. For smallholders, water means the difference between a decent life and poverty, hunger and malnutrition. The majority of poor rural people depend on rainfed farming systems for their livelihoods: the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) estimates that, globally, rainfed agriculture is practised on 83 per cent of cultivated land, and supplies more than 60 per cent of the world’s food. But this precious resource is under stress, with massive potential impacts on the livelihoods of poor rural communities.
The International Competitiveness of the Table Egg Industry of Trinidad and Tobago
Creators: name: Harry, Edric
name: Harry, Edric
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Regression model
subject: table egg industry
subject: Domestic Resource Cost (DRC)
subject: sensitivity

description: The research undertaken was four-fold. First, to investigate whether government policy provides protection and by extension, incentives for the local table egg farmers to remain in production. To do so, EPC's for all commercial farms in the industry were estimated to arrive at a weighted or industry EPC. The study also investigated whether the local tables egg industry had a comparative advantage or was efficient in the production of table egg. The Domestic Resource Cost (DRC) coefficient was used as a proxy of efficiency and comparative advantage. DRC's were calculated for the twenty-three farms. Having established that the industry was competitive, a sensitivity analysis was conducted to determine the extent to which feed costs, the major production cost can be increased in order to reverse the competitive position of the industry. A regression model, utilizing the technique of Ordinary Least Squares (OLS), was constructed to determine weather the various components of production costs, including feed, labour, utilities, land, chick, egg boxes, medication were significant in determining efficiency and comparative advantage in the table egg industry. Results of the study showed that table egg producers are protected from imports through various instruments of government policy. Producers also had a comparative advantage in producing table eggs. The level of comparative advantage was highest among small producers, followed by medium and large producers. The sensitivity analysis however showed that a small increase in feed cost could reverse the competitive position of the industry. The analysis also concluded that feed cost, as opposed to domestic resources, had the greatest potential for maintaining competitiveness in the industry.
Testing Earth-like atmospheric evolution on exo-Earths through oxygen absorption: required sample sizes and the advantage of age-based target selection
Creators: name: Bixel, Alex
name: Apai, Dániel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Life has had a dramatic impact on the composition of Earth's atmosphere over time, which suggests that statistical studies of other inhabited planets' atmospheres could reveal how they co-evolve with life. While many evolutionary pathways are possible for inhabited worlds, a possible starting hypothesis is that most of them evolve similarly to Earth, which we propose could lead to a positive "age-oxygen correlation" between the ages of inhabited planets and the fraction which have oxygen-rich atmospheres. We demonstrate that next-generation space observatories currently under consideration could test this hypothesis, but only if the stellar age distribution of the target sample is carefully considered. We explore three possible parameterizations of the age-oxygen correlation, finding that they yield similar results. Finally, we examine how abiotic oxygen sources could affect the results, and discuss how measuring the age-dependence of oxygen could shed light on whether it is a reliable biosignature. Future efforts can expand upon this groundwork by incorporating detailed models of the redox balance of terrestrial planets and its dependence on stellar and planetary properties.
description: 13 pages, 3 figures, accepted to ApJ
Globalization Equity and Justice in Small Nation States
Creators: name: Jolly, Curtis M.
name: Bayard, Budry
name: Ligeon, Carel
name: Keefe, Alison M.
name: Jolly, Curtis M.
name: Bayard, Budry
name: Ligeon, Carel
name: Keefe, Alison M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: International Development
subject: Caribbean states
subject: regression analysis
subject: globalization
subject: equity.

description: The effects of globalization on smaller nation Caribbean states have not been thoroughly examined, and the trade performance of these states has not been evaluated since the WTO came into existence. In this paper, we report on a study that conducted a comparative analysis of selected Caribbean nation states with other countries at different stages of development to determine their levels of performance from 1990 to 1995, the period before the WTO began full operation, and the period 1996 to 2002, the period after globalization. The selected Caribbean countries were Cuba, Haiti, Dominican Republic, Jamaica, Trinidad and Tobago, and Suriname. The measures for comparison are changes in GDP per capita, capital investment as a percentage of GDP, foreign direct investment, current account balance, trade balance, export services, infant mortality, literacy rates, and agricultural and service labor force change. We also compared the economic and social performance of these countries with those of selected countries of North America, South and Central America, Europe, Asia, and Africa. The economic performance of the Caribbean states varied and compared favorably with other developing economies and developed economies, but the socioeconomic indicators worsened for Suriname and other nation states. The current account and the trade balances were negative for Cuba, Haiti, Jamaica, Dominican Republic, Guyana and Trinidad and Tobago, in spite of their positive changes in GDP per capita since the WTO came into operation. No factors provide evidence of how well the countries are likely to perform in the future with the implementation of the WTO. In general, the Caribbean states performed worse before, rather than after, the implementation of the WTO. Model results show that the Caribbean states should concentrate on the export of services and the increase of the agricultural labor force to stimulate significant economic growth. The factors influencing the growth of other regions vary, but export of services seemed to have a general effect on economic growth. In terms of social indicator improvement, countries in Asia and Africa should reduce infant mortality while North America and South America could benefit from improvement in literacy rates.
MPEC 2024-T256 : 2024 TK11
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2024 TK11

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
What is the most competitive sport?
Creators: name: Ben-Naim, E.
name: Vazquez, F.
name: Redner, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an extensive statistical analysis of the results of all sports competitions in five major sports leagues in England and the United States. We characterize the parity among teams by the variance in the winning fraction from season-end standings data and quantify the predictability of games by the frequency of upsets from game results data. We introduce a mathematical model in which the underdog team wins with a fixed upset probability. This model quantitatively relates the parity among teams with the predictability of the games, and it can be used to estimate the upset frequency from standings data. We propose the likelihood of upsets as a measure of competitiveness.
description: 2 pages, 3 figures
Additional file 1 of An alternative approach for sustainable sheep meat production: implications for food security
Creators: name: Ponnampalam, Eric N.
name: Knight, Matthew I.
name: Moate, Peter J.
name: Jacobs, Joe L.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1 Supplementary Table 1.
Booming Hydrocarbon Exports, De-Agriculturalization and Food Security in Trinidad and Tobago
Creators: name: Hosein, Roger
name: Hosein, Roger
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Trinidad and Tobago
subject: food security
subject: Dutch Disease

description: During the 1970s the Trinidad and Tobago (T&T) economy experienced an oil boom because of increases in the level and production of crude oil and in the price each barrel of crude oil fetched on the international market. In the late 1990s to the present, the T&T economy has benefited from another hydrocarbon boom. This paper traces the trends in export agriculture, sugar and domestic agriculture during the first and second oil booms. Using the falling share of labour employed in a sector as a reflection of de-industrialization, the analysis reveals that during the first oil boom all three components of the agricultural sector were de-industrialized although in the period until 1993 these same sectors showed clear signs of re-industrialization. During the second oil boom these agricultural subsectors were again de-industrialized, although in the case of sugar and domestic agriculture output per employed worker increased. The paper argues that given the likelihood of further hydrocarbon driven growth, the food security issue requires that efforts be made to preserve the output level of the domestic agricultural sector. The structural changes to the economies of the Caribbean over the last few decades has been phenomenal; there has been a substantial decline in the importance of the agricultural sector both absolutely and relatively, while the manufacturing, mining and tourism sectors has provided the impetus for growth and development. In no other Caribbean country has the fall off in agriculture been so marked as in Trinidad and Tobago; the only country in the region to possess significant oil reserves. However, it should be noted that this is a basis for concern, especially within the context of long term growth and food security.
D_{sJ}^+(2317)\to D_s^+π^0 decay width
Creators: name: Nielsen, Marina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the QCD sum rules to analize the hadronic decay $D_{sJ}^{+}(2317)\to D_s^+π^0$, in the hypotesis that the $D_{sJ}^{+}(2317)$ can be identified as a four-quark state. We use a diquak-antidiquark current and work to the order of $m_s$ in full QCD, without relying on $1/m_c$ expansion. We find that the partial decay width of the hadronic isospin violating mode is proportional to the isovector quark condensate, $\langle0|\bar{d}d-\bar{u}u|0\rangle$. The estimated partial decay width is of the order of 6 keV.
description: 5 pages, 1 eps figure, revised version accepted for publication in Phys. Lett. B
Additional file 1 of Gut microbiome signatures of nursing home residents carrying Enterobacteria producing extended-spectrum β-lactamases
Creators: name: Bastard, Quentin Le
name: Chapelet, Guillaume
name: Birgand, Gabriel
name: Hillmann, Benjamin M.
name: Javaudin, François
name: Hayatgheib, Niki
name: Bourigault, Céline
name: Bemer, Pascale
name: Decker, Laure De
name: Batard, Eric
name: Lepelletier, Didier
name: Montassier, Emmanuel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1. Supplementary methods and figures.
Lernwerkstatt Religionsunterricht: Theorie-Praxis-Verschränkung konkret
Creators: name: Mendl, Hans
name: Sitzberger, Rudolf
Publisher: name: PAradigma: Beiträge aus Forschung und Lehre aus dem Zentrum für Lehrerbildung und Fachdidaktik
Year: 2017

description: Theorie ohne Praxis ist blind, Praxis ohne Theorie leer (Immanuel Kant). Das Vertiefungsmodul Didaktik des Religionsunterrichts ist so konzipiert, dass eine mehrstufige Verschränkung von Theorie und Praxis erfolgt. Innovative religionsdidaktische Konzepte und Prinzipien, die in den Vorlesungen theoretisch und mit Beispielen veranschaulicht präsentiert werden, transferieren die Studierenden in konkrete, selbst entwickelte Unterrichtsprojekte. Als Gelenkstück zwischen einer praxisnahen Theorie und einer theoretisch reflektierten Praxis dient die Wissenschaftliche Übung "Lernwerkstatt Religionsunterricht". Hier werden Theoriemodelle vorgestellt und mit den Studierenden praktisch erprobt und reflektiert. In der Modulprüfung, bei der das Praxismodell vorgestellt, erläutert und reflektiert wird, erfolgt die Evaluation des Projekts.
description: PAradigma: Beiträge aus Forschung und Lehre aus dem Zentrum für Lehrerbildung und Fachdidaktik, Bd. 8 (2016)
Continuous `fish scale' planar electromagnetic meta-material
Creators: name: Fedotov, V. A.
name: Mladyonov, P. L.
name: Prosvirnin, S. L.
name: Zheludev, N. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on a new type of continuous electromagnetic metal planar meta-material, which resembles a `fish scale' structure. It is highly transparent to electromagnetic radiation throughout a broad spectral range apart from at one isolated wavelength. When the structure is superimposed on a metallic mirror it becomes a good broadband reflector everywhere apart from one wavelength where the reflectivity is small. At this wavelength the reflected wave shows no phase change with respect to the incident wave, thus resembling a reflection from a hypothetical zero refractive index material, or `magnetic wall'. We also discovered that the structure acts as a local field concentrator and a resonant `amplifier' of losses in the underlying dielectric.
description: Reference [3] has been corrected
High-Resolution Radio Observations of Five Optically Selected Type 2 Quasars
Creators: name: Krezinger, Máté
name: Frey, Sándor
name: Paragi, Zsolt
name: Deane, Roger
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many low-luminosity active galactic nuclei (AGNs) contain a compact radio core which can be observed with high angular resolution using very long baseline interferometry (VLBI). Combining arcsec-scale structural information with milliarcsec-resolution VLBI imaging is a useful way to characterise the objects and to find compact cores on parsec scales. VLBI imaging could also be employed to look for dual AGNs when the sources show kpc-scale double symmetric structure with flat or inverted radio spectra. We observed five such sources at redshifts 0.36 < z < 0.58 taken from an optically selected sample of Type 2 quasars with the European VLBI Network (EVN) at 1.7 and 5 GHz. Out of the five sources, only one (SDSS J1026-0042) shows a confidently detected compact VLBI core at both frequencies. The other four sources are marginally detected at 1.7 GHz only, indicating resolved-out radio structure and steep spectra. Using first-epoch data from the ongoing Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array Sky Survey, we confirm that indeed all four of these sources have steep radio spectra on arcsec scale, contrary to the inverted spectra reported earlier in the literature. However, the VLBI-detected source, SDSS J1026-0042, has a flat integrated spectrum. Radio AGNs that show kpc-scale symmetric structures with truly flat or inverted spectra could still be promising candidates of dual AGNs, to be targeted with VLBI observations in the future.
description: 13 pages, 2 figures, appeared in the open-access journal Symmetry (special issue: Astronomy and Symmetry)
Additional file 1 of Smokers who have not tried alternative nicotine products: a 2019 survey of adults in Great Britain
Creators: name: Simonavicius, Erikas
name: McNeill, Ann
name: Cheeseman, Hazel
name: Arnott, Deborah
name: Brose, Leonie S.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Additional file for the study
Additional file 1 of Ethical perceptions towards real-world use of companion robots with older people and people with dementia: survey opinions among younger adults
Creators: name: Bradwell, Hannah L.
name: Winnington, Rhona
name: Thill, Serge
name: Jones, Ray B.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: Medicine
Neuroscience
Cancer
Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Participant likes and dislikes, and further example evidence.
Austrian Books Online – Acht Jahre Digitalisierung des historischen Buchbestandes der Österreichischen Nationalbibliothek mit Google
Creators: name: Fritze, Christiane
name: Krickl, Martin
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Massendigitalisierung
subject: Österreichische Nationalbibliothek
subject: Digitale Geisteswissenschaften
subject: Mass digitisation
subject: Austrian National Library
subject: digital humanities
subject: 020 Bibliotheks- und Informationswissenschaften

description: Dieser Beitrag zur Digitalisierung des historischen Buchbestandes der Österreichischen Nationalbibliothek legt einen Schwerpunkt auf die Herausforderung von Logistik und Metadatenbearbeitung. Ausgehend von einer kritischen Betrachtung zur Nutzbarkeit der erstellten Daten wird der Bogen geschlagen von der aktuellen Präsentation der Digitalisate über den Book-Viewer zu bereits gängigen Forschungsmethoden der digitalen Geisteswissenschaften, die anhand des Projekts Travelogues illustriert werden.
description: The paper focuses on the challenges of logistics and metadata editing during the digitisation process of the historical book holdings of the Austrian National Library in partnership with Google. Based on a critical examination of the usability of the data created, the current presentation of the digital facsimiles is discussed in the light of already common research methods of the digital humanities, illustrated by the Travelogues project.
Tunable Graphene Split-Ring Resonators
Creators: name: Xing, Qiaoxia
name: Wang, Chong
name: Huang, Shenyang
name: Liu, Tong
name: Xie, Yuangang
name: Song, Chaoyu
name: Wang, Fanjie
name: Li, Xuesong
name: Zhou, Lei
name: Yan, Hugen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A split-ring resonator is a prototype of meta-atom in metamaterials. Though noble metal-based split-ring resonators have been extensively studied, up to date, there is no experimental demonstration of split-ring resonators made from graphene, an emerging intriguing plasmonic material. Here, we experimentally demonstrate graphene split-ring resonators with deep subwavelength (about one hundredth of the excitation wavelength) magnetic dipole response in the terahertz regime. Meanwhile, the quadrupole and electric dipole are observed,depending on the incident light polarization. All modes can be tuned via chemical doping or stacking multiple graphene layers. The strong interaction with surface polar phonons of the SiO2 substrate also significantly modifies the response. Finite-element frequency domain simulations nicely reproduce experimental results. Our study moves one stride forward toward the multi-functional graphene metamaterials, beyond simple graphene ribbon or disk arrays with electrical dipole resonances only.
Möglichkeiten der politikwissenschaftlichen Rechtsextremismusforschung für die Lehrerinnen- und Lehrerausbildung
Creators: name: Oswald, Michael
Publisher: name: PAradigma: Beiträge aus Forschung und Lehre aus dem Zentrum für Lehrerbildung und Fachdidaktik
Year: 2017

description: Der Rechtsextremismus in Deutschland wandelte sich stark in der letzten Dekade. Er ist nunmehr in verschiedenen Jugendsubkulturen verbreitet und in immer mehr Spielarten vertreten. Gleichzeitig sind seine Inhalte durch Kommunikationsstrategien nach außen hin gemäßigter geworden. Vor allem sind es immer weniger die dumpfen Parolen, die von Rechtsextremisten zu hören sind; kulturelle Konzepte und sozialistische Positionen füllen nun den Platz der alten, platten Hetze. Das Feld wurde damit schwer durchschaubar und auch von der Argumentation substanzieller; gerade für Menschen, welche für die Wertevermittlung des Staates eingesetzt werden, ist es eine große Herausforderung, diese zu durchbrechen. Die politikwissenschaftliche Rechtsextremismusforschung kann hierfür einen guten Beitrag leisten.
description: PAradigma: Beiträge aus Forschung und Lehre aus dem Zentrum für Lehrerbildung und Fachdidaktik, Bd. 8 (2016)
Private Responses to Public Incentives for Invasive Species Management
Creators: name: Ranjan, Ram
name: Evans, Edward A.
name: Ranjan, Ram
name: Evans, Edward A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Invasive Species
subject: Markov process
subject: Perverse Incentives
subject: Taxation and Subsidies

description: In this paper the impact of public policies such as subsidies and taxation on invasive species management is explored in a Markov chain process framework. Private agents react to public incentives based upon their long term expected profits and have the option of taking measures such as abatement, monitoring and reporting. Conditions for perverse incentives are derived. The impact of sequencing of taxation and subsides on spread of risks is explored. One key finding of this paper is that excessive regulation may sometimes exacerbate the invasive species problem
An Adaptive Diffserv Approach To Support QoS In Network Mobility Nemo Environment
Creators: name: Hussein, Loay F.
name: Hashim, Aisha-Hassan Abdalla
name: Habaebi, Mohamed Hadi
name: Hassan, Wan Haslina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Network mobility basic support (NEMO BS) protocol (RFC 3963) is an extension of Mobile IPv6. The NEMO BS embraced by the IETF working group to permit any node in the portable network to be accessible to the Internet despite the fact the network itself is roaming. This protocol likewise Mobile IPv6 does not deliver any kind of Quality of Service (QoS) guarantees to its clients. It can barely offer the same level of services (i.e. Best-Effort) to all the users without obligation to the needs of applications. These propositions a challenge to real-time applications that demand a precise level of QoS pledge. The Differentiated Services have recently come to be the most widely used QoS support technology in IP networks due to its relative simplicity and scalability benefits. This paper proposes a new scheme to provide QoS to mobile network nodes within the NEMO context. The proposed scheme intends to reduce handover latency for the users of MNN as well as alleviates packet losses. The feasibility of the proposed enhancement is assessed by measuring its performance against the native NEMO BS standard protocol using the NS-2 simulator. The obtained results in the simulation study have demonstrated that the proposed scheme outperforms the standard NEMO BS protocol.
description: 26 pages, 16 figures
Copper Mining and Environmental Costs in Dominica
Creators: name: Harris-Charles, Emaline L.
name: Pemberton, Carlisle A.
name: Harris-Charles, Emaline L.
name: Pemberton, Carlisle A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Financial Economics
subject: Copper mining
subject: Dominica
subject: environmental costs
subject: sensitivity analysis
subject: cost-benefit

description: A proposal from an international mining company to establish a copper mining operation in the Caribbean island of Dominica could be highly favourable, given the potential for financial benefits associated with such a project. On the downside, such projects are often associated with environmental damage. The area targeted for this copper mine was a rainforest in the north-eastern portion of Dominica occupying around 12 percent of the island’s total land area. A critical question is therefore whether copper mining could be a viable alternative to agrarian uses of the targeted area, if both financial and environmental costs are taken into consideration. A Contingent Valuation Survey of Dominicans and Visitors allowed for inclusion of non-market costs in the analysis. Cost-Benefit and sensitivity analyses were carried out to assess project feasibility. The results indicated that NPV was negative under conservative assumptions. NPV was sensitive to changes in the price of copper and the inclusion of environmental costs did affect the level of price increase required to make NPV positive.