cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Gene Profiling of Canine B-Cell Lymphoma Reveals Germinal Center and Postgerminal Center Subtypes with Different Survival Times, Modeling Human DLBCL
Creators: name: Smith, Chris
name: Motsinger-Reif, Alison A.
name: Fan, Cheng
name: Borst, Luke B.
name: Chen, Hsiao Wei
name: Fedoriw, Yuri
name: Richards, Kristy L.
name: Perou, Charles M.
name: Nielsen, Dahlia M.
name: Dave, Sandeep S.
name: Small, George W.
name: Suter, Steven E.
name: Breen, Matthew
name: Thomas, Rachael
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common lymphoma subtype, and fewer than half of patients are cured with standard front-line therapy. To improve therapeutic options, better animal models that accurately mimic human DLBCL (hDLBCL) are needed. Canine DLBCL (cDLBCL), one of the most common cancers in veterinary oncology, is morphologically similar to hDLBCL and is treated using similar chemotherapeutic protocols. With genomic technologies, it is now possible to molecularly evaluate dogs as a potential large-animal model for hDLBCL. We evaluated canine B-cell lymphomas (cBCLs) using immunohistochemistry and gene expression profiling. Canine B-cell lymphoma expression profiles were similar in many ways to hDLBCLs. For instance, a subset had increased expression of NF-κB pathway genes, mirroring human activated B-cell (ABC)-type DLBCL. Furthermore, immunoglobulin heavy chain (IGH) ongoing mutation status, which is correlated with ABC/germinal center B-cell (GCB) cell of origin in hDLBCL, separated cBCL into two groups with statistically different progression-free and overall survival times. In contrast with hDLBCL, cBCL rarely expressed BCL6 and MUM1/IRF4 by immunohistochemistry. Collectively, these studies identify molecular similarities to hDLBCL that introduce pet dogs as a representative model of hDLBCL for future studies, including therapeutic clinical trials.
title: Contrast-free MRI quantitative parameters for early prediction of pathological response to breast cancer after neoadjuvant chemotherapy
Creators: name: Zhang, Lina
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Breast
subject: Oncology
subject: Thorax
subject: MR
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: MR-Functional imaging
subject: Chemotherapy
subject: Computer Applications-Detection, diagnosis
subject: Imaging sequences
subject: Cancer
subject: Outcomes
subject: Pathology

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: Synthetic MRI technology achieves a simultaneous quantification of multiple relaxometry. We hypothesized that all native relaxometry would change after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) because of the pathological changes inside the tumor, and the...
Inhibitor-Sensitive FGFR2 and FGFR3 Mutations in Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Creators: name: Liao, Rachel G.
name: Tchaicha, Jeremy
name: Sivachenko, Andrey
name: Wong, Kwok Kin
name: Liu, Qingsong
name: Beauchamp, Ellen M.
name: Meyerson, Matthew
name: Pedamallu, Chandra Sekhar
name: Haddad, Robert I.
name: Hammerman, Peter S.
name: Gray, Nathanael S.
name: Jung, Joonil
name: Wilkerson, Matthew D.
name: Pugh, Trevor J.
name: Getz, Gad
name: Hayes, D. Neil
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: A comprehensive description of genomic alterations in lung squamous cell carcinoma (lung SqCC) has recently been reported, enabling the identification of genomic events that contribute to the oncogenesis of this disease. In lung SqCC, one of the most frequently altered receptor tyrosine kinase families is the fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) family, with amplification or mutation observed in all four family members. Here, we describe the oncogenic nature of mutations observed in FGFR2 and FGFR3, which are each observed in 3% of samples, for a mutation rate of 6% across both genes. Using cell culture and xenograft models, we show that several of these mutations drive cellular transformation. Transformation can be reversed by small molecule FGFR inhibitors currently being developed for clinical use. We also show that mutations in the extracellular domains of FGFR2 lead to constitutive FGFR dimerization. Additionally, we report a patient with an FGFR2-mutated oral squamous cell carcinoma who responded to the multi-targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor pazopanib. These findings provide new insights into driving oncogenic events in a subset of lung squamous cancers, and recommend future clinical studies with FGFR inhibitors in patients with lung and head and neck SqCC.
title: Tumor response evaluation in oncology : imaging findings
Creators: name: CHARIF SAIBARI, RAYHANA
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: Oncology
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: Treatment effects
subject: Neoplasia

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: Recall the principle and basis for evaluating the tumor response. Know the main international criteria adopted in the evaluation of the tumor response, espacially the Recist criteria. Understand how to use the Recist criteria and specify the...
mTOR Inhibitors Block Kaposi Sarcoma Growth by Inhibiting Essential Autocrine Growth Factors and Tumor Angiogenesis
Creators: name: Dittmer, Dirk P.
name: Venkataramanan, Raman
name: Roy, Debasmita
name: Tamburro, Kristen M.
name: Wang, Ling
name: Sin, Sang Hoon
name: Chavakula, Veenadhari
name: Eason, Anthony
name: Damania, Blossom
name: Lucas, Amy
name: Hilton, Isaac B.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Kaposi’s Sarcoma (KS) originates from endothelial cells and it is one of the most overt angiogenic tumors. In Sub-Saharan Africa, where HIV and the Kaposi Sarcoma-associated Herpes Virus (KSHV) are endemic, KS is the most common cancer overall, but model systems for disease study are insufficient. Here we report the development of a novel mouse model of KS where KSHV is retained stably and tumors are elicited rapidly. Tumor growth was sensitive to specific allosteric inhibitors (rapamycin, CCI-779, RAD001) of the pivotal cell growth regulator mTOR. Inhibition of tumor growth was durable up to 130 days and reversible. mTOR blockade reduced VEGF secretion and formation of tumor vasculature. Together, the results demonstrated that mTOR inhibitors exert a direct anti-KS effect by inhibiting angiogenesis and paracrine effectors, suggesting their application as a new treatment modality for KS and other cancers of endothelial origin.
title: A review of the Dual Energy Computed Tomography quantitative analytical tools: when drawing a ROI is not enough
Creators: name: Verde, Francesco
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer applications
subject: CT-Quantitative
subject: Computer Applications-General
subject: Education and training

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: The purpose of this exhibit is to review the quantitative analytical tools of Dual Energy Computed Tomography (DECT) to better understand the different applications of DECT combined with advanced image...
Proteomic Analysis of Ubiquitin Ligase KEAP1 Reveals Associated Proteins That Inhibit NRF2 Ubiquitination
Creators: name: Hayes, D. Neil
name: Hast, Michael A.
name: Major, Michael B.
name: Siesser, Priscila F.
name: Goldfarb, Dennis
name: Hast, Bridgid E.
name: Yan, Feng
name: Mulvaney, Kathleen M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Somatic mutations in the KEAP1 ubiquitin ligase or its substrate NRF2 (NFE2L2) commonly occur in human cancer, resulting in constitutive NRF2-mediated transcription of cytoprotective genes. However, many tumors display high NRF2 activity in the absence of mutation, supporting the hypothesis that alternative mechanisms of pathway activation exist. Previously, we and others discovered that via a competitive binding mechanism, the proteins WTX (AMER1), PALB2 and SQSTM1 bind KEAP1 to activate NRF2. Proteomic analysis of the KEAP1 protein interaction network revealed a significant enrichment of associated proteins containing an ETGE amino acid motif, which matches the KEAP1 interaction motif found in NRF2. Like WTX, PALB2, and SQSTM1, we found that the dipeptidyl peptidase 3 (DPP3) protein binds KEAP1 via an ‘ETGE’ motif to displace NRF2, thus inhibiting NRF2 ubiquitination and driving NRF2-dependent transcription. Comparing the spectrum of KEAP1 interacting proteins with the genomic profile of 178 squamous cell lung carcinomas characterized by The Cancer Genome Atlas revealed amplification and mRNA over-expression of the DPP3 gene in tumors with high NRF2 activity but lacking NRF2 stabilizing mutations. We further show that tumor-derived mutations in KEAP1 are hypomorphic with respect to NRF2 inhibition and that DPP3 over-expression in the presence of these mutants further promotes NRF2 activation. Collectively, our findings further support the competition model of NRF2 activation and suggest that ‘ETGE’-containing proteins like DPP3 contribute to NRF2 activity in cancer.
title: Complications of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography: an unappreciated injuries
Creators: name: Perez Rodriguez, María
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: Biliary Tract / Gallbladder
subject: Pancreas
subject: CT
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: MR-Cholangiography
subject: Cholangiography
subject: Complications
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Haemorrhage
subject: Infection
subject: Inflammation

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: This review aims to describe and illustrate the main imaging findings of common and rare complications of ERCP in our...
A fibered power theorem for pairs of log general type
Creators: name: Ascher, Kenneth
name: Turchet, Amos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $f: (X,D) \to B$ be a stably family with log canonical general fiber. We prove that, after a birational modification of the base $\tilde{B} \to B$, there is a morphism from a high fibered power of the family to a pair of log general type. If in addition the general fiber is openly canonical, then there is a morphism from a high fibered power of the original family to a pair openly of log general type.
description: Exposition has been greatly improved. Version to appear in Algebra & Number Theory
title: Breast Implant-Associated Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma (BIA-ALCL), a newly recognised WHO Lymphoma category: Practical Diagnostics guide for Radiologists and New Perspectives.
Creators: name: Musanhu, Ed
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Breast
subject: Haematologic
subject: Oncology
subject: Mammography
subject: MR
subject: PET-CT
subject: Biopsy
subject: Complications
subject: Drainage
subject: Cancer
subject: Lymphoma
subject: Patterns of Care

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: Describe differences between Breast Implant Associated - Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma (BIA-ALCL) and other lymphoma subtypes Describe the diagnostic pathway for suspected BIA-ALCL. Diagnosis, staging, response assessment, and surveillance...
A Unified Representation Framework for the Evaluation of Optical Music Recognition Systems
Creators: name: Torras, Pau
name: Biswas, Sanket
name: Fornés, Alicia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.4.9; J.5

description: Modern-day Optical Music Recognition (OMR) is a fairly fragmented field. Most OMR approaches use datasets that are independent and incompatible between each other, making it difficult to both combine them and compare recognition systems built upon them. In this paper we identify the need of a common music representation language and propose the Music Tree Notation (MTN) format, with the idea to construct a common endpoint for OMR research that allows coordination, reuse of technology and fair evaluation of community efforts. This format represents music as a set of primitives that group together into higher-abstraction nodes, a compromise between the expression of fully graph-based and sequential notation formats. We have also developed a specific set of OMR metrics and a typeset score dataset as a proof of concept of this idea.
description: 18 pages, 4 figures, 3 tables, submitted (under review) for the International Journal in Document Analysis and Recognition
Tumor Cells Upregulate Normoxic HIF-1  in Response to Doxorubicin
Creators: name: Moon, Ejung
name: Dewhirst, Mark W.
name: Provenzale, James M.
name: Nien, Charleen Yu Chih
name: Weitzel, Douglas H.
name: Rich, Jeremy N.
name: Cao, Yiting
name: Hanna, Gabi
name: Yuan, Hong
name: Eble, Joseph M.
name: Landon, Chelsea D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) is a master transcription factor that controls cellular homeostasis. While its activation benefits normal tissue, HIF-1 activation in tumors is a major risk factor for angiogenesis, therapeutic resistance and poor prognosis. HIF-1 activity is usually suppressed under normoxic conditions because of rapid oxygen-dependent degradation of HIF-1α. Here we show that under normoxic conditions HIF-1α is upregulated in tumor cells in response to doxorubicin, a chemotherapy used to treat many cancers. Doxorubicin also enhanced VEGF secretion by normoxic tumor cells and stimulated tumor angiogenesis. Doxorubicin-induced accumulation of HIF-1α in normoxic cells was caused by increased expression and activation of STAT1, the activation of which stimulated expression of iNOS and its synthesis of NO in tumor cells. Mechanistic investigations established that blocking NO synthesis or STAT1 activation was sufficient to attenuate the HIF-1α accumulation induced by doxorubicin in normoxic cancer cells. To our knowledge, this is the first report that a chemotherapeutic drug can induce HIF-1α accumulation in normoxic cells, an efficacy-limiting activity. Our results argue that HIF-1α targeting strategies may enhance doxorubicin efficacy. More generally, they suggest a broader perspective on the design of combination chemotherapy approaches with immediate clinical impact.
(401762) Mary Mackison
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Equivalent off-diagonal cosmological models and ekpyrotic scenarios in f(R)-modified, massive and Einstein gravity
Creators: name: Vacaru, Sergiu I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We re-investigate how generic off-diagonal cosmological solutions depending, in general, on all spacetime coordinates can be constructed in massive and f-modified gravity using the anholonomic frame deformation method. There are constructed new classes of locally anisotropic and (in) homogeneous cosmological metrics with open and closed spatial geometries. By resorting such solutions, we show that they describe the late time acceleration due to effective cosmological terms induced by nonlinear off-diagonal interactions, possible modifications of the gravitational action and graviton mass. The cosmological metrics and related St\" uckelberg fields are constructed in explicit form up to nonholonomic frame transforms of the Friedmann-Lama\^ıtre-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) coordinates. The solutions include matter, graviton mass and other effective sources modelling nonlinear gravitational and matter fields interactions with polarization of physical constants and deformations of metrics, which may explain dark energy and dark matter effects. However, we argue that it is not obligatory always to modify gravity if we consider effective generalized Einstein equations with nontrivial vacuum and/or non-minimal coupling with matter. Indeed, we state certain conditions when such configurations mimic interesting solutions in general relativity and modifications, for instance, when we can extract the general Painlev\' e-Gullstrand and FLRW metrics. In a more general context, we elaborate on a reconstruction procedure for off-diagonal cosmological solutions which describe cyclic and ekpyrotic universes. Finally, there are discussed open issues and further perspectives.
description: 16 pages, latex2e; it is a regular article variant extended and modified following requests of the Editor and accepted by EPJC; this version contains new results and details comparing to the letter variant arXiv:1304.1080
BRG1/SMARCA4 Inactivation Promotes Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Aggressiveness by Altering Chromatin Organization
Creators: name: Hepperla, Austin
name: Orvis, Tess
name: Hayes, D. Neil
name: Parker, Joel
name: Simon, Jeremy
name: Weissman, Bernard
name: Major, Michael B.
name: Song, Shujie
name: Walter, Vonn
name: Wilkerson, Matthew D.
name: Desai, Nisarg
name: Davis, Ian J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complexes regulate critical cellular processes including cell cycle control, programmed cell death, differentiation, genomic instability and DNA repair. Inactivation of this class of chromatin remodeling complex has been associated with a variety of malignancies, including lung, ovarian, renal, liver and pediatric cancers. In particular, ~10% of primary human lung non-small lung cancers (NSCLC) display attenuations in the BRG1 ATPase, a core factor in SWI/SNF complexes. To evaluate the role of BRG1 attenuation in NSCLC development, we examined the effect of BRG1 silencing in primary and established human NSCLC cells. BRG1 loss altered cellular morphology and increased tumorigenic potential. Gene expression analyses showed reduced expression of genes known to be associated with progression of human NSCLC. We demonstrated that BRG1 losses in NSCLC cells were associated with variations in chromatin structure, including differences in nucleosome positioning and occupancy surrounding transcriptional start sites of disease-relevant genes. Our results offer direct evidence that BRG1 attenuation contributes to NSCLC aggressiveness by altering nucleosome positioning at a wide range of genes, including key cancer-associated genes.
title: Pediatric ileocolic intussusception: sonographycally-guided hydrostatic reduction with sedoanalgesia
Creators: name: Moreno Reina, Cristina
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: Gastrointestinal tract
subject: Paediatric
subject: Fluoroscopy
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Barium enema
subject: Safety
subject: Acute
subject: Obstruction / Occlusion

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: Ileocolic intussusception is a dangerous cause of acute abdominal pain in young children between 3 months and 3 years of age. Intussusception occurs when a portion of the bowel telescopes into a more distal segment of the intestine. The most...
title: Imaging Findings of Late-Phase Brain Death
Creators: name: Yıldız, Oğuzhan
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: MR
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: Computer Applications-Detection, diagnosis
subject: Outcomes

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: The most prevalent causes of brain death (BD) in children are trauma and anoxic encephalopathy, with frequencies ranging from 0.65 to 1.2 percent. BD is a well-defined condition with specific clinical signs, testing, and imaging characteristics....
Cancer-Derived Mutations in KEAP1 Impair NRF2 Degradation but not Ubiquitination
Creators: name: Siesser, Priscila F.
name: Zheng, Ning
name: Li, Heng
name: Hayes, D. Neil
name: Goldfarb, Dennis
name: Yan, Feng
name: Major, Michael B.
name: Cloer, Erica W.
name: Walter, Vonn
name: Hast, Bridgid E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: NRF2 is a transcription factor that mediates stress responses. Oncogenic mutations in NRF2 localize to one of its two binding interfaces with KEAP1, an E3 ubiquitin ligase that promotes proteasome-dependent degradation of NRF2. Somatic mutations in KEAP1 occur commonly in human cancer, where KEAP1 may function as a tumor suppressor. These mutations distribute throughout the KEAP1 protein but little is known about their functional impact. In this study, we characterized 18 KEAP1 mutations defined in a lung squamous cell carcinoma tumor set. Four mutations behaved as wild-type KEAP1, thus are likely passenger events. R554Q, W544C, N469fs, P318fs, and G333C mutations attenuated binding and suppression of NRF2 activity. The remaining mutations exhibited hypomorphic suppression of NRF2, binding both NRF2 and CUL3. Proteomic analysis revealed that the R320Q, R470C, G423V, D422N, G186R, S243C, and V155F mutations augmented the binding of KEAP1 and NRF2. Intriguingly, these 'super-binder' mutants exhibited reduced degradation of NRF2. Cell-based and in vitro biochemical analyses demonstrated that despite its inability to suppress NRF2 activity, the R320Q 'superbinder' mutant maintained the ability to ubiquitinate NRF2. These data strengthen the genetic interactions between KEAP1 and NRF2 in cancer and provide new insight into KEAP1 mechanics.
Microwave signal processing using an analog quantum reservoir computer
Creators: name: Senanian, Alen
name: Prabhu, Sridhar
name: Kremenetski, Vladimir
name: Roy, Saswata
name: Cao, Yingkang
name: Kline, Jeremy
name: Onodera, Tatsuhiro
name: Wright, Logan G.
name: Wu, Xiaodi
name: Fatemi, Valla
name: McMahon, Peter L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum reservoir computing (QRC) has been proposed as a paradigm for performing machine learning with quantum processors where the training is efficient in the number of required runs of the quantum processor and takes place in the classical domain, avoiding the issue of barren plateaus in parameterized-circuit quantum neural networks. It is natural to consider using a quantum processor based on superconducting circuits to classify microwave signals that are analog -- continuous in time. However, while theoretical proposals of analog QRC exist, to date QRC has been implemented using circuit-model quantum systems -- imposing a discretization of the incoming signal in time, with each time point input by executing a gate operation. In this paper we show how a quantum superconducting circuit comprising an oscillator coupled to a qubit can be used as an analog quantum reservoir for a variety of classification tasks, achieving high accuracy on all of them. Our quantum system was operated without artificially discretizing the input data, directly taking in microwave signals. Our work does not attempt to address the question of whether QRCs could provide a quantum computational advantage in classifying pre-recorded classical signals. However, beyond illustrating that sophisticated tasks can be performed with a modest-size quantum system and inexpensive training, our work opens up the possibility of achieving a different kind of advantage than a purely computational advantage: superconducting circuits can act as extremely sensitive detectors of microwave photons; our work demonstrates processing of ultra-low-power microwave signals in our superconducting circuit, and by combining sensitive detection with QRC processing within the same system, one could achieve a quantum sensing-computational advantage, i.e., an advantage in the overall analysis of microwave signals comprising just a few photons.
Swiss-Cheese operad and Drinfeld center
Creators: name: Idrissi, Najib
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 18D50 (Primary), 18D10, 18B40 (Secondary)

description: We build a model in groupoids for the Swiss-Cheese operad, based on parenthesized permutations and braids, and we relate algebras over this model to the classical description of algebras over the homology of the Swiss-Cheese operad. We extend our model to a rational model for the Swiss-Cheese operad, and we compare it to the model that we would get if the operad Swiss-Cheese were formal.
description: 27 pages. v5: Minor corrections. To appear in Israel J. Math
(401764) Margaret Mackie
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Differentiation and Loss of Malignant Character of Spontaneous Pulmonary Metastases in Patient-Derived Breast Cancer Models
Creators: name: Prat, Aleix
name: Huang, Simo
name: Bockhorn, Jessica
name: Shang, Meng
name: Liu, Xia
name: Gomez-Vega, Maria J.
name: Harrell, J. Chuck
name: Olopade, Olufunmilayo I.
name: Nwachukwu, Chika
name: Perou, Charles M.
name: Chang, Ya Fang
name: Liu, Huiping
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Patient-derived human-in-mouse xenograft models of breast cancer (PDX models) that exhibit spontaneous lung metastases offer a potentially powerful model of cancer metastasis. In this study, we evaluated the malignant character of lung micro-metastases that emerge in such models after orthotopic implantation of human breast tumor cells into the mouse mammary fat pad. Interestingly, relative to the parental primary breast tumors, the lung metastasis (met)-derived mammary tumors exhibited a slower growth rate and a reduced metastatic potential with a more differentiated epithelial status. Epigenetic correlates were determined by gene array analyses. Lung met-derived tumors displayed differential expression of negative regulators of cell proliferation and metabolism and positive regulators of mammary epithelial differentiation. Clinically, this signature correlated with breast tumor subtypes. We identified microRNA-138 as a novel regulator of invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in breast cancer cells, acting by directly targeting the polycomb epigenetic regulator EZH2. Mechanistic investigations showed that GATA3 transcriptionally controlled miR-138 levels in lung metastases. Notably, the miR-138 activity signature served as a novel independent prognostic marker for patient survival beyond traditional pathologic variables, intrinsic subtypes or a proliferation gene signature. Our results highlight the loss of malignant character in some lung micro-metastatic lesions and the epigenetic regulation of this phenotype.
Segment Change Model (SCM) for Unsupervised Change detection in VHR Remote Sensing Images: a Case Study of Buildings
Creators: name: Tan, Xiaoliang
name: Chen, Guanzhou
name: Wang, Tong
name: Wang, Jiaqi
name: Zhang, Xiaodong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The field of Remote Sensing (RS) widely employs Change Detection (CD) on very-high-resolution (VHR) images. A majority of extant deep-learning-based methods hinge on annotated samples to complete the CD process. Recently, the emergence of Vision Foundation Model (VFM) enables zero-shot predictions in particular vision tasks. In this work, we propose an unsupervised CD method named Segment Change Model (SCM), built upon the Segment Anything Model (SAM) and Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training (CLIP). Our method recalibrates features extracted at different scales and integrates them in a top-down manner to enhance discriminative change edges. We further design an innovative Piecewise Semantic Attention (PSA) scheme, which can offer semantic representation without training, thereby minimize pseudo change phenomenon. Through conducting experiments on two public datasets, the proposed SCM increases the mIoU from 46.09% to 53.67% on the LEVIR-CD dataset, and from 47.56% to 52.14% on the WHU-CD dataset. Our codes are available at https://github.com/StephenApX/UCD-SCM.
description: Published in: IGARSS 2024 - 2024 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium
title: Who’s Pushing? Parapharyngeal space fat dislocation as a guide to locating pathology
Creators: name: Meneses, José
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Anatomy
subject: Head and neck
subject: CT
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Education and training

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: To review the content and anatomic relationships of the parapharyngeal space with the surrounding spaces. To present case examples of how looking at the parapharyngeal space can assist in determining a mass lesion’s space of origin. To enumerate...
(401765) Jessie Mackie
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Neutrino-assisted fermion-boson transitions
Creators: name: Okninski, Andrzej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 35Q41, 81Q99

description: We study fermion-boson transitions. Our approach is based on the $3\times 3$ subequations of Dirac and Duffin-Kemmer-Petiau equations, which link these equations. We demonstrate that free Dirac equation can be invertibly converted to spin-$0$ Duffin-Kemmer-Petiau equation in presence of a neutrino field. We also show that in special external fields, upon assuming again existence of a neutrino (Weyl) spinor, the Dirac equation can be transformed reversibly to spin-$0$ Duffin-Kemmer-Petiau equation. We argue that such boson-fermions transitions are consistent with the main channel of pion decay.
description: LaTeX, 9 pages, accepted by Acta Physica Polonica B
title: Don’t know the patient surgical history? Don't worry, you can figure out
Creators: name: Banu, Corina
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: Gastrointestinal tract
subject: CT
subject: Surgery
subject: Technical aspects
subject: Education and training

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: Computed-Tomography (CT) scans of the abdomen in patients with previous surgery can be difficult to interpret without knowledge of normal postoperative anatomy, especially when the medical history is missing. In this study, we review and summarize...
Static force from generalized Wilson loops on the lattice using the gradient flow
Creators: name: Brambilla, Nora
name: Leino, Viljami
name: Mayer-Steudte, Julian
name: Vairo, Antonio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The static QCD force from the lattice can be used to extract $Λ_{\overline{\textrm{MS}}}$, which determines the running of the strong coupling. Usually, this is done with a numerical derivative of the static potential. However, this introduces additional systematic uncertainties; thus, we use another observable to measure the static force directly. This observable consists of a Wilson loop with a chromoelectric field insertion. We work in the pure SU(3) gauge theory. We use gradient flow to improve the signal-to-noise ratio and to address the field insertion. We extract $Λ_{\overline{\textrm{MS}}}^{n_f=0}$ from the data by exploring different methods to perform the zero-flow-time limit. We obtain the value $\sqrt{8t_0} Λ_{\overline{\textrm{MS}}}^{n_f=0} =0.629^{+22}_{-26}$, where $t_0$ is a flow-time reference scale. We also obtain precise determinations of several scales: $r_0/r_1$, $\sqrt{8 t_0}/r_0$, $\sqrt{8 t_0}/r_1$ and we compare these to the literature. The gradient flow appears to be a promising method for calculations of Wilson loops with chromoelectric and chromomagnetic insertions in quenched and unquenched configurations
description: 27 pages, 19 figures The latest version matches the reviewed and accepted version
(401766) Helen Harvie
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
title: How to cope with neonatal respiratory distress
Creators: name: El Ouazzani, Lamiaa
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Lung
subject: Conventional radiography
subject: CT
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Pathology

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: To know the main causes of neonatal respiratory distress, the clinical and radiological characteristics To know the contribution and the limits of the different types of...
Genetic Evidence of a Precisely Tuned Dysregulation in the Hypoxia Signaling Pathway during Oncogenesis
Creators: name: Mahtouk, Karène
name: Ratcliffe, Peter
name: Gardie, Betty
name: Guégan, Justine
name: Dessen, Philippe
name: Richard, Stéphane
name: Couvé, Sophie
name: Tchertanov, Luba
name: Ladroue, Charline
name: Lecomte, Bernard
name: Le Jeune, Hélène
name: Kim, William Y.
name: Nuel, Gregory
name: Kaelin, William
name: Lasne, Françoise
name: Mazure, Nathalie M.
name: Mole, David R.
name: Lazar, Vladimir
name: Feunteun, Jean
name: Gad, Sophie
name: Collin, Christine
name: Gimenez-Roqueplo, Anne Paule
name: Bressac-De Paillerets, Brigitte
name: Pagès, Jean Christophe
name: Laine, Elodie
name: Benusiglio, Patrick R.
name: Le Gentil, Marion
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: The classic model of tumor suppression implies that malignant transformation requires full 'two-hit' inactivation of a tumor suppressor gene. However, more recent work in mice has led to the proposal of a "continuum" model that involves more fluid concepts such as gene dosage-sensitivity and tissue specificity. Mutations in the tumor suppressor gene VHL are associated with a complex spectrum of conditions. Homozygotes or compound heterozygotes for the R200W germline mutation in VHL have Chuvash polycythemia, whereas heterozygous carriers are free of disease. Individuals with classic, heterozygous VHL mutations have von Hippel-Lindau disease and are at high risk of multiple tumors (e.g. CNS hemangioblastomas, pheochromocytoma, renal cell carcinoma). We report here an atypical family bearing two VHL gene mutations in cis (R200W and R161Q), together with phenotypic analysis, structural modeling, functional and transcriptomic studies of these mutants in comparison to classical mutants involved in the different VHL phenotypes. We demonstrate that the complex pattern of disease manifestations observed in VHL syndrome is perfectly correlated with a gradient of pVHL dysfunction in hypoxia signaling pathways. Thus, by studying naturally occurring familial mutations, our work validates in humans the "continuum" model of tumor suppression.
The Curse of Instability
Creators: name: Kuehn, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High-dimensional computational challenges are frequently explained via the curse of dimensionality, i.e., increasing the number of dimensions leads to exponentially growing computational complexity. In this commentary, we argue that thinking on a different level helps to understand, why we face the curse of dimensionality. We introduce as a guiding principle the curse of instability, which triggers the classical curse of dimensionality. Furthermore, we claim that the curse of instability is a strong indicator for analytical difficulties and multiscale complexity. Finally, we suggest some practical conclusions for the analysis of mathematical models and formulate several conjectures.
description: 10 pages; commentary/editorial paper
title: Exploring the Automatic Diagnosis of Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip: A Learning-based Landmark Detection Algorithm with Attention Mechanism
Creators: name: Mu, Lin
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence
subject: Digital radiography
subject: CAD
subject: Developmental disease

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: Owing to weight bearing, the hip joint is one of the joints most vulnerable to injury in the human body [1]. Some diseases, including hip osteoarthritis [2], developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) [3] and femoroacetabular impingement [4] are...
Integrative and Comparative Genomic Analysis of Lung Squamous Cell Carcinomas in East Asian Patients
Creators: name: Meyerson, Matthew
name: Hayes, D. Neil
name: McKenna, Aaron
name: Kim, Hong Kwan
name: Lee, Yoomi
name: Yoon, Ji Ae
name: Getz, Gad
name: Kim, Jhingook
name: Stewart, Chip
name: Ahn, Jin Seok
name: Choi, Yong Soo
name: Hammerman, Peter S.
name: Wilkerson, Matthew D.
name: Ahn, Myung Ju
name: Kim, Youngwook
name: Kim, Kwhanmien
name: Song, Sang Yun
name: Yoo, Yeong Kyung
name: Kim, Jaegil
name: Oh, In Jae
name: Park, Keunchil
name: Sun, Jong Mu
name: Carter, Scott L.
name: Na, Kook Joo
name: Lawrence, Michael S.
name: Sivachenko, Andrey Y.
name: Shim, Young Mog
name: Choi, Yoon La
name: Kim, Kyu Sik
name: Cibulskis, Kristian
name: Cho, Sukki
name: Stojanov, Petar
name: Kim, Young Chul
name: Pedamallu, Chandra Sekhar
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Lung squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the second most prevalent type of lung cancer. Currently, no targeted therapeutics are approved for treatment of this cancer, largely because of a lack of systematic understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of the disease. To identify therapeutic targets and perform comparative analyses of lung SCC, we probed somatic genome alterations of lung SCC by using samples from Korean patients.
MDM2-p53 Pathway in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Creators: name: Meng, Xuan
name: Dong, Jiahong
name: Zhang, Yanping
name: Franklin, Derek A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Abnormalities in the TP53 gene and overexpression of MDM2, a transcriptional target and negative regulator of p53, are commonly observed in cancers. The MDM2-p53 feedback loop plays an important role in tumor progression and thus, increased understanding of the pathway has the potential to improve clinical outcomes for cancer patients. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has emerged as one of the most commonly diagnosed forms of human cancer; yet, the current treatment for HCC is less effective than those used against other cancers. We review the current studies of the MDM2-p53 pathway in cancer with a focus on HCC, and specifically discuss the impact of p53 mutations along with other alterations of the MDM2-p53 feedback loop in HCC. We also discuss the potential diagnostic and prognostic applications of p53 and MDM2 in malignant tumors as well as therapeutic avenues that are being developed to target the MDM2-p53 pathway.
Mechanisms Promoting Escape from Mitotic Stress-Induced Tumor Cell Death
Creators: name: Cappell, Kathryn M.
name: Sinnott, Rebecca
name: Winters, Leah
name: Taus, Patrick
name: Larson, Brittany
name: Mytsa, Daniela
name: Whitehurst, Angelique W.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is notorious for its paltry responses to first-line therapeutic regimens. In contrast to acquired chemoresistance, little is known about the molecular underpinnings of the intrinsic resistance of chemo-naïve NSCLC. Here we report that intrinsic resistance to paclitaxel in NSCLC occurs at a cell-autonomous level due to the uncoupling of mitotic defects from apoptosis. To identify components that permit escape from mitotic stress-induced death, we employed a genome-wide RNAi-based strategy, which combines a high-throughput toxicity screen with a live-cell imaging platform to measure mitotic fate. This strategy revealed that prolonging mitotic arrest with a small molecule inhibitor of the APC/Cyclosome could sensitize otherwise paclitaxel-resistant NSCLC. We also defined novel roles for CASC1 and TRIM69 in supporting resistance to spindle poisons. CASC1, which is frequently co-amplified with KRAS in lung tumors, is essential for microtubule polymerization and satisfaction of the spindle assembly checkpoint. TRIM69, which associates with spindle poles and promotes centrosomal clustering, is essential for formation of a bipolar spindle. Notably, RNAi-mediated attenuation of CASC1 or TRIM69 was sufficient to inhibit tumor growth in vivo. On the basis of our results, we hypothesize that tumor evolution selects for a permissive mitotic checkpoint, which may promote survival despite chromosome segregation errors. Attacking this adaptation may restore the apoptotic consequences of mitotic damage to permit the therapeutic eradication of drug-resistant cancer cells.
A Rokhlin type theorem for simple C*-algebras of finite nuclear dimension
Creators: name: Liao, Hung-Chang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study Z-actions on unital simple separable stably finite C*-algebras of finite nuclear dimension. Assuming that the extreme boundary of the trace space is compact and finite dimensional, and that the induced action on the trace space is trivial, we show that strongly outer Z-actions have finite Rokhlin dimension in the sense of Hirshberg, Winter and Zacharias.
description: 31 pages; minor corrections
(401759) Alexander Hutton
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Empowering high-dimensional quantum computing by traversing the dual bosonic ladder
Creators: name: Nguyen, Long B.
name: Goss, Noah
name: Siva, Karthik
name: Kim, Yosep
name: Younis, Ed
name: Qing, Bingcheng
name: Hashim, Akel
name: Santiago, David I.
name: Siddiqi, Irfan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High-dimensional quantum information processing has emerged as a promising avenue to transcend hardware limitations and advance the frontiers of quantum technologies. Harnessing the untapped potential of the so-called qudits necessitates the development of quantum protocols beyond the established qubit methodologies. Here, we present a robust, hardware-efficient, and extensible approach for operating multidimensional solid-state systems using Raman-assisted two-photon interactions. To demonstrate its efficacy, we construct a set of multi-qubit operations, realize highly entangled multidimensional states including atomic squeezed states and Schrödinger cat states, and implement programmable entanglement distribution along a qudit array. Our work illuminates the quantum electrodynamics of strongly driven multi-qudit systems and provides the experimental foundation for the future development of high-dimensional quantum applications.