cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Health Promotion Through Breast Cancer Awareness Advertisements: A Content Analysis
Creators: name: Shakeel, Mariam
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2017

description: Introduction: The role of media in the organizing of events which create awareness has contributed immensely in raising awareness about breast cancer (Komen, 2016). One in eight women is a victim of the disease (Puntoni, 2011). With increasing awareness, health has become a significant area of focus for Corporate Social Responsibility, which includes the various initiatives taken by corporations to contribute to their social, environmental and ethical responsibilities. This encourages health promotion efforts, such as breast cancer awareness advertisements and empowers consumers with improved lifestyle choices and social consciousness (Moreira, 2014) (WHO, 2008).

Aim: To analyze the content of breast cancer awareness advertisements by brands to study the messages communicated and understand the level of health appeal by various brand categories.

Methods: Breast cancer awareness advertisements from October 2015 and October 2016 on internet platforms belonging to men and women’s wear brand categories were selected. Out of the sixty (60) advertisements collected, a content analysis was conducted on thirty-five (35) of the advertisements. These were coded for basic characteristics and important themes such as mention of the brand’s products in text or image, health related appeal, information related to breast cancer, prevention measures, use of donations and gender oriented approach.

Results: Most of the awareness advertisements (94%, n=33) promoted the brand’s products through text, image or both. Only 23% (n=8) of the advertisements contained breast cancer related information and majority of the advertisements (83%, n=29) were gender oriented towards femininity. The Fisher’s Exact test showed a statistically significant association between the different brand categories (makeup, jewelry, lingerie, athletics, others) and the level of health appeal in the advertisements (p- value 0.0062).

Discussion: Brands use breast cancer awareness advertisements to promote their products and increase sales. Online advertisements have a wide audience and the potential to spread useful health content, if the platform is utilized to its maximum potential by both corporations and nonprofit organizations for health promotion and education.
Descriptive Analysis of Mental Health Needs of Nontraditional Black and White Students
Creators: name: Brown, Jordan
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2017

description: Introduction: Mental health seeking behaviors among nontraditional students, particularly Black students, is an area that should be examined closely with care and strategy. There are a plethora of factors that pose risks to nontraditional students completing their education. There is something to take note of when 38% of nontraditional students leave their first year compared to 16% of traditional students (National Center for Education Statistics, 2012).
Objective: This study assessed the risk factors and demographic variables associated with mental health seeking behaviors in Black nontraditional students vs. White nontraditional students at Georgia State University.
Methods: Descriptive demographic data were used to find a statistical difference and likelihood of occurrences of the variables: sex, race, age, reduction of alcohol or drug use, financial stress, and suicide consideration.
Results: Black students reported experiencing higher levels of stress due to finances. When looking at counseling utilization for nontraditional pupils, more White students sought prior therapy before their arrival to Georgia State University (25.3%) compared to Black students (13.4%). Black students were more likely than Whites to attempt suicide 1-5 times, but overall, there were minimal differences between races in the overall percentage. Examining if Black male veterans wished to reduce drinking and drug use more than White males, a two-sample hypothesis test was used (P-value=.21 using alpha .05). I failed to reject the null hypothesis, meaning the proportions are the same and there is no statistical difference between races. Blacks vs. Whites who sought counseling before or after college had a P-value of .00308. This test is significant at the alpha level .05 therefore we reject the null hypothesis that the proportions are the same. We conclude that there is a significant difference in the proportion of blacks who sought counseling before or after college from whites who sought counseling before or after college. I also looked at Blacks vs. Whites who never sought counseling. The P value is 0.00. This test is significant at the alpha .05 level thus we reject the null hypothesis. There is a significant difference between the proportions of Blacks vs Whites that have never sought counseling.
Conclusions: Although there are mental health disparities that exist across the population of nontraditional students, a focus should be on nontraditional Black students. Universities should increase the budget for counseling services to expand supporting staff to accommodate individuals with needs. Nontraditional students have higher risks of possibly not graduating and ensuring the appropriate resources are in place is critical as a part of success.
Association Between Sedentary Behaviors and BMI in US Adolescents: Analysis of the 2015 Youth Risk Behavior Survey
Creators: name: Kabani, Sarah
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2017

description: INTRODUCTION: Research has shown a strong link between sedentary behaviors and obesity among adolescents.
AIM: This study aims:
1) To determine sedentary behaviors in US high school adolescent nationally
2) To determine the association between sedentary behaviors and BMI after controlling for demographics, recreational behaviors, diet, and physical activity
3) To examine the association between engaging in more than one sedentary behavior and BMI after controlling for demographics, recreational behaviors, diet, and physical activity
METHODS: The Youth Risk Behavioral Survey (YRBS) 2015 data was utilized in this study by using weighted percentages to determine the association between sedentary behaviors and BMI while controlling for demographics such as age, sex, race, and grade, recreational behaviors such as smoking and alcohol consumption, diet such as fruit, vegetable, and soda consumption, and physical activity. Univariate logistic regressions and multivariate logistic regressions were conducted to determine the association between sedentary behaviors and BMI. Adjusted and unadjusted odds ratio, 95% confidence intervals, and p-values were calculated.
RESULTS: 81.6% of adolescents watched TV during a school day, while 18.4% did not watch TV during a school day. For video games/computer usage/social media (PG) usage, 82.6% engaged in PG usage during a school day, while 17.4% did not engage in PG usage during a school day. When stratifying by BMI, overweight adolescents and obese adolescents have significantly different sex distribution (p=<0.0001), race/ethnicity distribution (p=0.047), TV usage during a school day (p=0.04), PG usage during a school day (p=0.047), and TV & PG usage during a school day (p=<0.02). For TV & PG usage during the school days, adolescents who watch TV and PG, were at higher odds of being obese [AOR =1.3 (1.04, 1.6), p = 0.02] when comparing to adolescents who did not watch TV and PG.
DISCUSSION: This study concludes that there is an association between obesity and adolescents who watch TV and use video games/computer/social media during a school day. Sociodemographic factors such as some races, age, and gender are also responsible for obesity among adolescents.
Patrón de diversidad vertical de una comunidad bentónica asociada a una torre petrolera en Cayo Arcas, Campeche
Creators: name: Hernández-Solis, Pablo Alberto
name: Pérez-Botello, Antar Mijaíl
name: León-Deniz, Lorena Violeta
name: Simoes, Nuno
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biological diversity
subject: Marine biology
subject: Marine ecosystem
subject: Marine fauna
subject: Marine biota
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Marine biodiversity
subject: Marine biology
subject: Marine organism
subject: Fauna
subject: Organism
subject: Aquatic organism
subject: Taxonomy
subject: Zoobenthos taxonomic abundance
subject: Esponjas
subject: Briozoos
subject: Cnidarios
subject: Ascidias
subject: WoRMS: 1267
subject: WoRMS: 558
subject: WoRMS: 146142
subject: Porifera/growth & development
subject: Bryozoa/growth & development
subject: Cnidaria
subject: WoRMS: 1839

description: Descubre más información sobre datos, investigaciones científicas, colecciones científicas y grupos de trabajo dedicados al estudio y conservación de la biodiversidad marina en https://www.bdmy.org.mx/

Discover more information about data, scientific research, scientific collections and working groups dedicated to the study and conservation of marine biodiversity at https://www.bdmy.org.mx/

 Designed and illustrated by: naturae.art@gmail.com
Memristive properties and synaptic plasticity in substituted pyridinium iodobismuthates
Creators: name: Abdi, Gisya
name: Mazur, Tomasz
name: Kowalewska, Ewelina
name: Sławek, Andrzej
name: Marzec, Mateusz
name: Szaciłowski, Konrad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This study explores the impact of organic cations in bismuth iodide complexes on their memristive behavior in metal-insulator-metal (MIM) type thin-layer devices. The presence of electron-donating and electron withdrawing functional groups (-CN, -CH3, -NH2, and -N(CH3)2) on pyridinium cations induces morphological alterations in crystals, thus influencing the electronic or ionic conductivity of devices comprising sandwiched thin layers (thickness = 200 nm +/-50) between glass/ITO as bottom electrode (~ 110 nm) and copper (~ 80 nm) as the top electrode. It was found that the current-voltage (I-V) scans of the devices reveal characteristic pinched hysteresis loops, a distinct signature of memristors. The working voltage windows are significantly influenced by both the types of cation and the dimensionality of ionic fragments (0D or 1D) in the solid-state form. Additionally, the temperature alters the surface area of the I-V loops by affecting resistive switching mechanisms, corresponding log-log plots at three temperatures (-30 °C, room temperature and 150 °C) are fully studied. Given that a memristor can operate as a single synapse without the need for programming, aligning with the requirements of neuromorphic computing, the study investigates long-term depression, potentiation, and spike-time-dependent plasticity-a specific form of the Hebbian learning rule-to mimic biologically synaptic plasticity. Different polar pulses, such as triangle, sawtooth, and square waveforms were employed to generate Hebbian learning rules. The research demonstrates how the shape of the applied pulse series, achieved by overlapping pre- and post-pulses at different time scales, in association with the composition and dimensionality of ionic fragments, lead to changes in the synaptic weight percentages of the devices.
Examining Differentiating Characteristics of Individuals Who Cross Over Into The Criminal Justice System In Relation To Their Substance Abuse Treatment
Creators: name: Compani, Leyla
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2017

description: INTRODUCTION: In Georgia, criminal justice (CJ) involvement is one of the costliest outcomes experienced by individuals with substance abuse problems. Approximately 8% of individuals in America have needed substance abuse treatment, and in Georgia CJ involvement commonly co-occurs.
AIM: To examine the transition into the CJ system for those entering treatment, and, arrests of individuals in treatment. The aim is to determine defining characteristics exist for an individual who switches over into the CJ system, or an individual who has an arrest while in treatment.
METHODS: Data from the Treatment Episode Data Set from 2011-2015 was examined. Demographics, drug types, frequency of use, poly drug use, number of treatment episodes, time between treatment episodes, and rural and urban geography are analyzed in relation to the dependent study variables. Analytic techniques used are independent samples t-tests and regression analyses. The dependent variables are any switchover into the criminal justice system upon reentering treatment, and any arrest before discharge from treatment.
RESULTS: Factors associated with a switch into the CJ system upon admission are non-completion of high school, ever being unemployed or a student (18 yrs or older), poly drug use, more than one treatment episode, younger at age of first drug use, longer periods of time in treatment, a switch of primary drug to meth, crack-cocaine, opiates, marijuana, or alcohol. Attending self-help programs before entering treatment and living in rural areas also increases a switch to the CJ system. Higher risk of arrest is associated with younger at age of first drug use, being male, black or other non-white race, higher education levels, ever being a student or homeless, attending self-help programs, and living in urban areas.
DISCUSSION: The results and interpretation of this study may help inform and direct one part of a criminal justice prevention strategy and evidence-based health policy, for individuals who are undergoing substance abuse treatment.
Review Buku: Argonauts of the Western Pacific karya Bronisław Malinowski
Creators: name: Marpaung, Krisanta Monika
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: etnografi
pertukaran sosial
kula ring

description: Argonauts of the Western Pacific adalah karya etnografi klasik yang ditulis oleh antropolog Bronislaw Malinowski, berdasarkan penelitiannya di Kepulauan Trobriand, Papua Nugini, pada awal abad ke-20. Buku ini menandai tonggak penting dalam perkembangan metode penelitian antropologi, terutama melalui penerapan pendekatan partisipatif yang dikenal sebagai participant observation. Fokus utama karya ini adalah sistem pertukaran yang dikenal sebagai kula, yaitu jaringan perdagangan lintas pulau yang melibatkan pertukaran benda-benda bernilai simbolik seperti kalung (soulava) dan gelang (mwali). Malinowski secara rinci mendeskripsikan struktur sosial, organisasi ekonomi, dan kehidupan sehari-hari masyarakat Trobriand, serta menjelaskan makna budaya yang mendasari praktik ekonomi dan sosial mereka. Melalui pendekatan holistik dan emik, buku ini tidak hanya menawarkan pemahaman mendalam tentang budaya lokal, tetapi juga memperkenalkan paradigma baru dalam studi etnografi, yang mengedepankan keterlibatan langsung peneliti dan pemahaman dari sudut pandang orang dalam. Argonauts of the Western Pacific menjadi model dan rujukan utama dalam antropologi sosial dan metodologi etnografi modern .
Comparing Sight-Resight Methods for Dog Populations: Analysis of 2015 and 2016 Rabies Vaccination Campaign Data from Haiti
Creators: name: Cleaton, Julie
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2017

description: INTRODUCTION:  Sight-resight studies are performed to estimate population sizes, in this case dog populations in rabies endemic areas.
 
AIM: This study compares one- and two-day sight-resight methods with two-day as the standard to explore the feasibility and accuracy of the one-day method in different vaccination campaign strategies and dog population characteristics.
 
METHODS: 2015 household survey data and sight-resight data are analyzed to find the percentage of free roaming and confined dogs in the community and use those to adjust the population estimate formulas. 2016 sight-resight data are analyzed as a two-day campaign and as if it had been a one-day campaign. In a sensitivity analysis, confidence intervals are explored in relation to vaccination coverage.
 
RESULTS:  Before missed mark and proportion free-roaming corrections, the one-day method results in slightly underestimated population estimates to the two-day method when the vaccination campaign is central point, overestimated when door-to-door, and far underestimated when capture, vaccinate, release. After corrections door-to-door estimates were accurate whereas central point and capture, vaccinate, release estimates substantially underestimated population sizes.
 
DISCUSSION: Results suggest that the one-day mark-resight method could be used to conserve resources depending on the vaccination method and estimated coverage.
Supplementary document for Correlations between Incident and Emission Polarization in Nanowire-particle Coupled Junctions - 5952755.pdf
Creators: name: Li, Yuanyuan
name: Li, Pan
name: Zhang, Meng
name: Wang, Dong
name: Yang, Longkun
name: Guan, Zhiqiang
name: Li, Zhipeng
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2025
Subjects: Signal Processing

description: Supplemental document
Trends of Hospital Utilization among High-utilizers of Inpatient Services in an Urban, Safety-Net Hospital
Creators: name: Fakunle, Oludamilola
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2017

description: Introduction: Although high-utilizers of healthcare services represent only a small portion of hospital population they account for huge healthcare cost in the United States. Hence, there is a need to understand the patterns of hospital utilization among high-utilizers in order to develop intervention to reduce overall hospital cost.
Aim: To determine inpatient hospital utilization pattern among high-utilizers in Grady Hospital, Atlanta.
Methods: Trend analysis was done to understand the pattern of health care utilization among high-utilizer (n=510) patients (HUPs) from 2011 to 2014. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the association between selected socio-demographic characteristics and HUPs.
Results: Almost all HUPs were non-Hispanic Blacks (82.6%) with average mean age of 58. Significant proportion were employed with no health coverage. Approximately 27% of the 510 participants were HUPs at the end of 2012. At the end of 2013, the proportion of patients who became HUPs and NHUPs were 37% and 39% respectively. By 2014, 37% of patients who were HUP in 2013 remained HUP in 2014.
Conclusion: The pattern of hospital utilization among high utilizers is unstable and unpredictable, and may be driven by race. Our study shows that reducing heath care cost may require developing predictive models to reduce hospital over-utilization usage among at risk group.
MOTORIC AND COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT OF TODDLERS IN MOTHERS WITH A HISTORY OF COVID-19 IN GORONTALO CITY, INDONESIA
Creators: name: Ni Nengah Susanti Warsilia
name: Muhammad Nasrum Massi
name: Andi Nilawati Usman
name: Andi Aryandi
name: Stang
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Covid-19, Development,Toddler.

description: Abstract

Pregnant women with symptoms of Covid-19 infection are more vulnerable than non-pregnant women with Covid-19. SARS-CoV-2 virus infection during pregnancy can increase the risk of maternal and fetal health complications and develop into severe pneumonia besides explaining that maternal psychosocial factors during labor, such as high levels of stress and low social support, can affect poorer cognitive and motor development in toddlers. To evaluate the development of toddlers in mothers who have a history of Covid-19 and mothers who are not confirmed with Covid-19. The research design used in this study was quantitative research. Quantitative research method with analytic observational research design with cross sectional design. The sample was divided into 2 groups, namely 39 toddlers born to Covid-19 mothers and 39 toddlers born to mothers who were not confirmed with Covid-19 obtained from secondary data at Aloe Saboe Hospital, Gorontalo city. There is no association between toddlers born during the Covid-19 pandemic with the motor, social and language development of toddlers, namely with a p result of 0.745 (p>0.05) while for cognitive development a significance value of p is obtained 1,000 (p>0.05) so it is concluded that there is no association of toddlers born during the Covid-19 pandemic with the Cognitive development of toddlers. Toddlers born during the pandemic to both Covid-19 mothers and mothers who are not confirmed with Covid-19 do not automatically cause developmental problems in toddlers, and many children born to mothers with a history of covid-19 still show normal and healthy development.
Descriptive Epidemiology of HIV Risk Factors Among Men: Chad Vs Cameroon
Creators: name: Dounebaine, Bonheur
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2017

description: Introduction: HIV remains a severe global health problem. The Republic of Chad is moderately affected (1.3%), compared to Cameroon who suffers more of the burden of the HIV/AIDS (4.5%). We described the HIV risk factors in two neighboring Central African Republics, and compared the gaps in both countries.
Methods
This was a retrospective cross-sectional study; data was obtained from the Demographic and Health Survey. A stratified multi-stage cluster sample design was conducted. The sample size was 5248 in Chad and 7191 in Cameroon. We used SAS to fit a multilevel logistic model, and conducted a multivariate analysis.
Results
The median age of respondents was 30 (IQR, 20-40) years in Chad, and 28 (IQR, 20-40) in Cameroon. Only 12.45% reported had ever been tested for HIV in Chad, (41.77% in Cameroon). In Chad, 46.40% of participants did not know a place to get HIV test, (11.15% in Cameroon). The median number of lifetime sexual partners was 2 (IQR, 1-4) in Chad, and 6 (IQR, 3-15) in Cameroon. Among Chadian participants 31.63% had only one lifetime sexual partner, (10.76% in Cameroon). In Chad 86.95% of participants reported having no sex partner other than their spouse in the last 12 months; (57.3% in Cameroon).
Conclusion
Condom use and HIV testing rates were very low among Chadian men comparing to Cameroonian men; however, Cameroonian men were more likely to engage in multiple sexual partners and extra-marital relationship than Chadian men.
Analysis of Seasonal Influenza Outbreak Trends in the United States from 2005-2015
Creators: name: Roosa, Kimberlyn
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2017

description: Background: Seasonal influenza epidemics occur annually in the United States (U.S.) and result in lost workforce productivity, strained healthcare services, and an annual economic burden of $11 billion. While the U.S. has a comprehensive surveillance system, and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) publishes weekly updates on the outlook of seasonal influenza activity (FluView), there is a lack of literature analyzing seasonal influenza peak trends across and within regions of the country over multiple flu seasons. This study aimed to identify trends over time (2005-2015) in the timing and size of seasonal flu outbreak peaks, both across and within Health and Human Services regions.
Methods:
Secondary data analysis was conducted on U.S. national influenza surveillance data compiled and provided by the CDC. The study includes all persons in the United States (all 50 states, District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, and the U.S. Virgin Islands) who sought healthcare for influenza-like illness (ILI) during the 2005-06 flu season through the 2014-15 season. Trends over time in peak timing and size were assessed overall (across all HHS regions) and within regions. The effect of the dominant subtype of influenza virus circulating on peak timing and size was also assessed.
Results:
Trends in seasonal influenza outbreaks revealed peaks that occurred earlier over time (p<0.0001) and increased in size over time (p=0.0012). The median peak week did not vary significantly by region (p=0.8541). Also, peak week and peak size were negatively correlated showing that earlier epidemics result in higher ILI rates. The timing of the epidemic differed depending on the dominant subtype circulating (p=0.0337) with subtype 2009 H1N1peaks occurring 3.5 weeks earlier than H1 peaks; however, subtype did not have a significant effect on the size of the epidemic peak (p=0.1984).
Conclusion:
A significant decrease in peak week and a significant increase in peak size were observed over time, revealing a trend of earlier and more intense seasonal flu peaks. Since earlier epidemics are correlated with higher rates of ILI, anticipating earlier seasonal peaks highlights the importance of vaccination and other flu prevention strategies being utilized early in the flu season.
Socioeconomic Factors and the 2014-16 Ebola Virus Disease Outbreak in Guinea, Liberia, and Sierra Leone
Creators: name: Mun, Elena
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2017

description: INTRODUCTION: Ebola virus disease (EVD) is an infectious disease transmitted by close contact with an estimated case fatality rate fluctuating around 50%. The most affected countries by the 2013-16 West African Ebola outbreak were Guinea, Liberia, and Sierra Leone. These countries reported a total of 28616 probable, suspected and confirmed cases. However, we are still learning about the sociodemographic factors that contributed to the outbreak characteristics at the subnational level.
METHODS: Data were collected from the World Health Organization, Demographic Health Surveys, and Global Data Lab for 37 districts (8 for Guinea, 15 for Liberia, and 14 for Sierra Leone). The outcome of interest was epidemic size at the district level for Guinea, Liberia, and Sierra Leone (cumulative number of EVD patient confirmed and probable cases). Socio-demographic predictors included household density, sanitation level, mobility, and wealth status. We also controlled for the timing of the start of the outbreak across districts. Pearson’s correlation and multiple linear regression were employed in our analyses. Model building was informed by a review of the relevant literature. Sensitivity analyses were conducted to assess the impact of potential outliers.
RESULTS: In the final multivariable regression model, wealth status and household density were positively associated with the epidemic size while sanitation level and the difference in the outbreak start dates were negatively associated with the outcome. These results did not change in the sensitivity analyses. The regression model explained 57% of the variance in epidemic size (Adj R-Sq=0.57), with the largest contribution from the international wealth index (semi-partial R-square=0.22).
CONCLUSION: District sociodemographic characteristics such as household density, wealth and sanitation levels contributed to the EVD outbreak in Guinea, Liberia, and Sierra Leone, which is in agreement with recent studies. However, further research should consider other sociodemographic indicators as well as the role of migration and connectivity among regions.
РАЗРАБОТКА СОСТАВА ЧАЯ С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ БИОТЕХНОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО МЕТОДА
Creators: name: Тухтаева, З.М.
name: Тайирова, Д.Б.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Чай – один из самых широко потребляемых напитков в мире. Чайные изделия из листьев шелковицы важны своими целебными свойствами, богаты минералами и витаминами.
Examining Cultural and Behavior difference and their Association with HIV Seropositive Prevalence among the Luo and Somali in Kenya, Africa.
Creators: name: Adams, Francis
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2017

description: Introduction: The purpose of this analysis was to identify social, behavioral and cultural factors associated with HIV infection among the Luo people residing on the southern part of Kenya and Somali in the Eastern part of Kenya. Previous studies have linked higher prevalence of HIV in the Luo community to cultural practice such as widow inheritance, and lack of circumcision among men. Analysis was conducted to determine the difference cultural and behavior practice between the Luo and Somali using Kenya demographic health survey (DHS) data, collected between 2008 and 2009, and used statistical computing Software program(SAS) for analysis.
Results
 There were 6906 participants in this survey, 3023 were males and 3811 females. The minimum age was 15 and the maximum age was 54. About 73% of the Luo were Christian and 25% were Catholic, compared to the Somali who were 99% Muslim. 98% of Somali were circumcised and 99% of the Luo were not circumcised. About 60% of the Luo used condoms compared to the 25% of Somali. Multivariate analysis comparing Luo and Somali showed the Luo were at high risk of getting HIV infection compared to Somali adjusted odds ratio (OR= 13.34;95% Cl 2.19 – 81.11).
Conclusion
Different risk factors were contributing to higher prevalence of HIV among the Luo community. This study was an observation study, hence the cultural and behavior difference observed cannot be used to established causality due to study design limitation.  This study finding can be used to develop future study examining the cultural and behavioral risk factors associated with HIV transmission in Africa.
Intimate Partner Violence Victimization and the Increased Risk of HIV Among Young Black Men Who Have Sex With Other Men In Jackson, MS 6-Month Follow-Up
Creators: name: Wilkerson, Ryan
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2017

description: Introduction: Intimate Partner Violence (IPV), also called domestic violence, is defined as any physical, psychological, or sexual violence, and emotional violence perpetrated by an intimate partner (CDC, 2016). Sexual violence or rape is defined as a sexual act committed against someone without that person’s freely-given consent (CDC, 2017). IPV is experienced among heterosexual women globally, although this phenomenon is not unique to this population. IPV also disproportionately affects young gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (MSM) (Stults et al., 2016). The purpose of this study is to examine the association between IPV victimization and the increased risk of HIV and other health outcomes among YBMSM.
Methods: The 6-month follow-up was conducted in Jackson, MS. A total 600 YBMSM were eligible to participant in the study. The participants were recruited from two local clinics that were focused on diagnosing and treating STI’s. Also, recruiters promoted the opportunity to enroll in the study through social media, attending bars, and nightclubs. Inclusion criteria were: 1) assigned male at birth; 2) self-identification as Black/African American; 3) 15-29 years of age; 4) attending the clinic to be tested for HIV or other STIs, 5) having engaged in anal sex with a male partner at least once in the past 6 months, and 6) the ability to speak and comprehend English.
Results: The overall study sample consisted of 600 YMSM. All participants were identified as African–American. The average age of the sample was 22.6 years (SD=±3.2). Bottoms were more likely to experience rape (AOR=1.7,CI 1.1,2.6; p=.02). YBMSM who experienced IPV since enrolling in the study, as compared to those who did not experience IPV, were more likely to use marijuana, alcohol, crack, and painkillers (AOR=7.7 ,CI 5.1,11.7; p=
Conclusion: These findings suggest that IPV and Rape shows a significant association with decreased condom use, decreased condom negotiation, sexual position, drug use and HIV risk among YBMSM in Jackson, MS.
Effects of an Intimate Partner Violence Intervention on Relationship Behaviors with Tests of Moderators: A Multilevel Analysis
Creators: name: Franchot, Katie
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2017

description: Annually, nearly 7 million women and 5.5 million men experience some form of intimate partner violence, which has serious health impacts. IPV has also been shown to limit the impact of early childhood home visiting interventions. Given the positive impacts of home visiting, reducing IPV in that setting could alleviate the negative impacts of IPV and improve mother and child outcomes as well. The analysis performed are from data from a randomized trial of an intimate partner violence intervention that was embedded into the Nurse Family Partnership, an evidence-based home visiting program. The intervention focused on identifying IPV, and for women without severe IPV, improving relationship skills including communication patterns and conflict resolution. The goal of this analysis is to examine how changes in partner and history of IPV moderate the relationship skills outcomes.
This study aims to fill the gap in knowledge regarding the relationship between a home visiting intervention and relationship skill outcomes in women enrolled in the home visiting program, the Nurse Family Partnership. The purpose of the study is to discover whether the relationship skills differ in participants with stable vs. unstable partnerships and with those who experienced IPV before the start of the study.
Women were randomized to NFP as usual (n=105) or NFP+, which included NFP plus the IPV intervention (n=133). Participants were surveyed at baseline, and at one and two-year follow-up with 81% retention over 2 years. Standardized assessment tools assessed relationship quality, communication, problem solving, partner support, relationship decision making, and psychological maltreatment. Marginal modeling was conducted to examine whether the intervention accounted for any change in relationship variables and whether the impact is moderated by history of IPV and changes in partnership.
Multilevel modeling of the outcome variables showed some main effects of time such that conflict resolution improves for the intervention group (p<0.05). There is one clinically significant three-way interaction showing reduced relationship danger in the intervention for women with a history of IPV (p<0.06). There were no significant interactions for the partnership change moderator.
Florian Battistella, Kaisertum und Kolonat. Untersuchungen zur Agrargesetzgebung Justinians und zu ihrem Kontext
Creators: name: Schipp, Oliver
Publisher: name: Göttinger Forum für Altertumswissenschaft
Year: 2025

description: Rezension zu: Florian Battistella, Kaisertum und Kolonat. Untersuchungen zur Agrargesetz­gebung Justinians und zu ihrem Kontext. Roma Aeterna Bd. 14. Stuttgart: Franz Steiner Verlag 2024, 484 S., EUR 86,00. ISBN: 978-3-515-13627-3
description: Göttinger Forum für Altertumswissenschaft, Bd. 27 Nr. 1 (2024): Göttinger Forum für Altertumswissenschaft
Effects of Family History of Alzheimer's Disease on Glucose Metabolism (FDG-PET) among Mild Cognitive Impaired Patients: a Longitudinal Study.
Creators: name: Jacques, Nerline
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2017

description: As life expectancy is increasing, the prevalence of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is expected to escalate. However, there are still no specific markers to confirm AD diagnosis, nor effective treatment for AD, nor an established way to slow down the rate of degeneration.
This study aims to first examine the effect of positive AD family history (FH+) on cerebral metabolic rate of glucose (CMRglc) over a 5-year period among Mild Cognitive Impaired (MCI) subjects. It also assesses whether there are parent gender effects on CMRglc when the groups negative family history (FH-) vs paternal family history (FHp) vs maternal family history (FHm) are compared. Finally, this paper tests whether there is effect modification with APOE4 allele interaction.
Data are drawn from the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) database. A sample size of 177 subjects with a maximum of 30 observations was used. Wilcoxon rank-sum test and Chi-square test had been used to test for baseline differences between FH+ and FH- groups for the continuous and categorical variables respectively. To analyze the effects of FH on CMRglc, multivariate generalized linear mixed-effects models were used.
The results showed that, compared to subjects who are FH-, FH+ participants presented greater CMRglc decline over the 5-year period after controlling for the other covariates. After adding APOE4 in the model, FH+ subjects showed significantly lower glucose metabolism rate compared to FH- participants. The sample did not have enough statistical power to detect any parental FH differences. Heritability from FH status for explaining CMRglc decline in MCI people is small but statistically significant.
Examining the Impact of Community-level Factors on HIV Risk Behaviors among African American Women in Atlanta, Georgia
Creators: name: Collins, Aundrea
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2017

description: Introduction: According to Paxton et. Al (2013), HIV/AIDS continues to be a health crisis for African Americans, with a significant impact on women. In 2010 in the United States, African American women made up only 13% of the U.S. female population, but were 64% of the estimated 9,500 new infections in U.S. women (Ivy, 2014). Although there are factors at each level of the socioecological model that have an impact on African American women’s performance of HIV risk behaviors, it is important to address the major influences of community-level factors on health behaviors. The focus of this study is to identify, examine, and discuss community and neighborhood influences that promote HIV risk behaviors in African American women living in metro Atlanta, Georgia.
Methods: In the Sojourner Syndrome Study conducted by Dr. Sarita Davis, an exploratory qualitative method using in-depth interviews was used to gather information from participants. Twenty-three interviews from the Sojourner Syndrome Study were used for this study. The participants were African American women, ages 18 and up, and were living in Atlanta, Georgia.
Results: The results of this study indicate that the socioeconomic disadvantages due to lack of access to healthcare, drug-infested communities, exposure to different types of violence, stress, abuse (physical and sexual), and poverty all increase African American women’s risk of HIV.
Conclusion: Community organizations should focus on providing effective and culturally-tailored programs and interventions that seek to address individual, family-specific, and community-specific behaviors around HIV risk and making healthy life and sexual choices.
Examining Gender-Differences in the Prevalence of HIV and Alcohol Health Risk and Promotion Knowledge among Service-Seeking Youth Who Live in the Slums of Kampala, Uganda
Creators: name: May, Alicia
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2017

description: Objective: To examine gender-differences in the prevalence of HIV and alcohol health risk and promotion knowledge among service-seeking youth who live in the slums of Kampala, Uganda.
Methodology: Analyses were based on data from the Kampala Youth Survey (N=457) of service-seeking youth ages 14 to 24 years of age, collected in 2011 in Kampala, Uganda. Exposure to health promotion messages, specifically for HIV prevention, reducing risky sex behaviors and alcohol consumption were included in the survey. The data was analyzed in SPSS v. 21.
Results: The population consisted of 31.2% boys and 68.8% girls aged 14-24. Seventy percent of youth reported being sexually active. Overall, 8% of participants reported being HIV positive. Chi-square analysis revealed that gender differences with respect to HIV prevention messaging and knowledge. For example, girls were more knowledgeable than boys, that a healthy-looking person can have HIV. There were also significant gender differences with respect to alcohol harm and prevention knowledge where girls were more likely than boys to know about “the bad things that can happen when you drink” and also know how to get help to stop drinking.  
Conclusions: Our findings show substantial differences between boys and girls with respect to their knowledge about HIV and alcohol prevention and harm. Clearly, additional efforts are needed to increase health promotion messaging overall, but also to specifically target boys and increase their knowledge of alcohol and harm. Gender-specific approaches seems warranted that are also tailored for the experiences of youth living in urban poverty.
Comparing Sexual Minority Risk Behaviors to School Programs and Policies
Creators: name: Mendez, Minerva
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2017

description: INTRODUCTION: The 2015 Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System (YRBSS) added sexual minority questions to both the national and high school survey for the first time. The YRBSS conducted at the national level asked questions about health-related behaviors with potential negative outcomes. The 2014 School Health Policies and Practices Survey (SHPPS) is a similar dataset from an educator perspective that provides insight into academic training and support systems in place for social services provided to LGBTQ youth.
AIM: To assess the responses of sexual minority youth compared to educator responses regarding current practices their respective school systems. Using state and district data, trends seen among LGBTQ students can provide a glimpse into the state of school-administered health services.
METHODS: The 2015 YRBSS National, State and District data was processed to isolate answers from sexual minority youth. These answers were collapsed to highlight particular Responses of Interest (ROI) with a focus on risk behaviors. The mental and social health services were reviewed by analyzing the 2014 SHPPS to determine if student needs were adequately addressed.
RESULTS: The comparison of both data sets showed bisexual females and questioning males had higher incidence of risk-taking behaviors. Educator responses showed schools did have programs in place for LGBTQ youth but overall many services were not specific to sexual minority needs.
DISCUSSION: Research has shown LGBTQ youth encounter poorer health outcomes as adults but more research is needed to demonstrate effective outreach that improves those outcomes while they can be reached.
Factors Associated with Influenza Vaccine Uptake among Pregnant Women: Analysis of the 2015 Georgia Vital Events Information System Birth Worksheet
Creators: name: Grabowski, Elizabeth
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2017

description: INTRODUCTION: Influenza is a public health concern each influenza season in the United States (US). Annually, about 50,000 people die due to influenza complications in the US. Pregnant women and children under the age of five are two of the most at-risk groups for influenza-related morbidity and mortality. Since 2004, the Centers for Disease Control (CDC), the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practice (ACIP), and the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) have recommended that women who will be pregnant during the influenza season get vaccinated. Vaccination of mothers also protects infants for up to the first six months of life through the active transfer of maternal antibodies in the womb. Vaccination during pregnancy is safe and is the most effective way for mothers to protect themselves and their infants from the influenza virus.
PURPOSE: Vaccination rates among pregnant women in Georgia are low, despite the CDC, ACIP, and ACOG recommendation to be vaccinated for influenza during pregnancy. In 2013, only 23.7% of women in Georgia received an influenza vaccine before or during pregnancy, a number well below the national average of 55.3% for the same year. The purpose of this study is to determine which factors are positively associated with influenza vaccine uptake during 2 pregnancy in Georgia through an analysis of the 2015 Georgia Vital Events Information System (VEIS) Birth Worksheet. The author believes that by identifying which factors show an increase in vaccine uptake, clinicians will be able to beneficially direct vaccine promotion efforts among pregnant women in Georgia.
METHODS: Secondary data from the 2015 VEIS Birth Worksheet was obtained from the Georgia Department of Public Health. 130,133 women between the ages of 18 – 49 completed a Birth Worksheet in 2015 and were included in the study. Variables used for regression analysis, descriptive analysis, and prevalence of vaccine uptake include: age, race, education level, perinatal region of residence, and receipt of prenatal care. An extensive review of existing literature was also conducted.
RESULTS: The prevalence of influenza vaccine uptake among pregnant women varied across the variables. 13.39% of women who completed a Birth Worksheet in 2015 reported that they received an influenza vaccine during pregnancy. The prevalence of vaccine uptake was highest among white women (65.26%), women between the ages of 25 – 34 (60.16%), women with a college degree (51.03%), and women living in the Atlanta perinatal region (44.52%). Surprisingly, of all the Atlanta region respondents, only 10.32% received an influenza vaccine despite having the largest population of all the regions in Georgia. Almost all women who received an influenza vaccine during pregnancy also received prenatal care (98.48%). Of the 115,443 women who received prenatal care, 14.87% received an influenza vaccine.
Diabetes Mellitus is Associated with Increased Prevalence of Latent Tuberculosis Infection: Findings from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2011-2012
Creators: name: Barron, Marissa
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2017

description: Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus is associated with threefold higher risks of active tuberculosis (TB) and an estimated 15% of the 10.4 million annual incident TB cases are attributable to diabetes. While the relationship between diabetes and TB disease is well-established, little is known about the association between diabetes and latent TB infection (LTBI).
Methods: We performed a cross-sectional analysis of data from the 2011-2012 cycle of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Participants aged ³20 years were eligible for this analysis. Diabetes status was defined by glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) as no diabetes (£5.6%), prediabetes (5.7-6.4%), and diabetes (³6.5%); participants were defined as having diabetes if they self-reported a diagnosis, regardless of HbA1c. LTBI was defined by interferon gamma release assay (IGRA) as positive, negative, or indeterminate. We used logistic regression to estimate the adjusted odds ratio and 95% confidence interval of LTBI comparing participants with diabetes and prediabetes to those with no diabetes.
Results: Overall the prevalence of diabetes was 11.4% (95%CI 9.8-13.0%) and 22.1% (95%CI 20.5-23.8%) had prediabetes. The prevalence of LTBI was 5.9% (95%CI 4.9-7.0%). After adjusting for cofounding factors, the odds of prevalent LTBI was greater among adults with diabetes (aOR 1.91, 95%CI 1.16-3.16) compared to those without diabetes.
Conclusion: Diabetes is associated with LTBI among adults in the US, even after adjusting for confounding factors. Given diabetes increases the risk of active TB, patients with co-prevalent diabetes and LTBI may be targeted for LTBI treatment.