cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Cosmology with decaying tachyon matter
Creators: name: Das, A.
name: Gupta, Shashikant
name: Saini, Tarun Deep
name: Kar, Sayan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the case of a homogeneous tachyon field coupled to gravity in a spatially flat Friedman-Robertson-Walker spacetime. Assuming the field evolution to be exponentially decaying with time we solve the field equations and show that, under certain conditions, the scale factor represents an accelerating universe, following a phase of decelerated expansion. We make use of a model of dark energy (with p=-ρ) and dark matter (p=0) where a single scalar field (tachyon) governs the dynamics of both the dark components. We show that this model fits the current supernova data as well as the canonical \LambdaCDM model. We give the bounds on the parameters allowed by the current data.
description: 14 pages, 6 figures, v2, Discussions and references addeded
Stabilizing the unstructured Volume-of-Fluid method for capillary flows in microstructures using artificial viscosity
Creators: name: Nagel, Luise
name: Lippert, Anja
name: Tolle, Tobias
name: Leonhardt, Ronny
name: Zhang, Huijie
name: Maric, Tomislav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Parasitic currents still pose a significant challenge for the investigation of two-phase flow in Lab-on-Chip (LoC) applications with Volume-of-Fluid (VoF) simulations. To counter the impact of such spurious velocity fields in the vicinity of the fluid interface, this work presents an implementation of an artificial interface viscosity model in OpenFOAM. The model is introduced as an additional dampening term in the momentum conservation equation. It is implemented as a fvOption, allowing for its simple application to existing VoF solvers. Validation is performed with hydrodynamic and wetting cases, in which constant artificial viscosity values are prescribed to examine the sensitivity of the solution to the artificial dampening. The artificial viscosity model shows promising results in reducing spurious currents for two considered geometrical VoF solvers, namely interIsoFoam and InterFlow. It is found that the influence of the artificial viscosity heavily depends on the fluid properties. Applying the model to simulations of an interface traversing through microcavities relevant in LoC applications, experimental results of the interface progression are predicted well, while spurious currents are effectively reduced by approximately one order of magnitude due to the artificial viscosity model. The code is publicly available on GitHub (https://github.com/boschresearch/sepMultiphaseFoam/tree/publications/ArtificialInterfaceViscosity).
description: author manuscript of published article
THE RISE OF RURAL-TO-RURAL LABOR MARKETS IN CHINA
Creators: name: Lohmar, Bryan
name: Rozelle, Scott
name: Zhao, Changbao
name: Lohmar, Bryan
name: Rozelle, Scott
name: Zhao, Changbao
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: Labor and Human Capital

description: The continued transfer of agricultural labor into the industrial sector is crucial to China's transformation into an industrial economy. We argue in this paper that rural industry offers an alternative to urban industry for receiving agricultural labor from areas without off-farm employment opportunities. Characteristics of rural industry differ from their urban counterparts. These characteristics may serve to shape the growth in employment for incoming workers in rural areas, provide opportunities for certain types of workers, and affect the impacts these workers have on the local economy. In this paper we examine the features of China's rural-to-rural labor movement and the villages where these workers are employed. Using a nationally representative sample of 215 villages, we show that the growth in rural-to-rural labor movement between 1988 and 1995 has been much faster than in rural-to-urban movement or in local off-farm employment. The rapid growth in rural-to-rural commuting and migration has not negatively affected off-farm income earning opportunities for workers living in the receiving villages. Rural-to-rural labor movement also has many positive effects. Labor movement into rural villages provides opportunities for workers generally underrepresented in other parts of the off-farm labor market, appears to dampen upward pressure on wages that allows rural industry to maintain labor intensive practices, and promotes national economic integration.
Built to Last? An Exploratory Analysis of Facility Investment Planning and its Impacts on Financial and Operational Sustainability in the National Park Service
Creators: name: Krishnaswami, Dipika
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2025

description:
This research, conducted with the National Park Service’s (NPS) Park Planning and Special Studies division, explores how long-term facility planning affects the operational and financial sustainability of national parks. Amid rising visitation, climate challenges, and shrinking budgets and staff, the study reassesses Unit Management Planning (UMP)—NPS’s primary tool for long-range park planning. Using a mix of methods—including plan reviews, park leader surveys and interviews, environmental compliance analysis, and project implementation tracking—the research followed the full lifecycle of proposed major facility projects, from planning through to implementation. Findings show that while newer, more flexible planning approaches have lowered costs and development time, most plans still propose infrastructure expansions that parks may not be able to sustain. Park leaders expressed concern that proposed projects often outpace available resources, risking long-term feasibility. Environmental compliance analysis further indicated that including proposed facility projects in long-term plans does little to reduce the burden of subsequent NEPA requirements. Additionally, most proposed major facility projects in UMP plans were never completed, and many built projects had not been proposed in a UMP plan—highlighting a disconnect between planning and real-world investment. The report recommends aligning facility planning more closely with operational capacity, improving transparency around project funding decisions, and adopting a standardized monitoring and evaluation framework to track plan use and outcomes over time. In sum, this research provides evidence to underscore the need for a more adaptive, grounded approach to NPS facility investment planning—one that supports park leaders in making informed, implementable decisions and ensures that national parks remain resilient and sustainable long into the future.
A Hunt for Magnetic Signatures of Hidden-Photon and Axion Dark Matter in the Wilderness
Creators: name: Sulai, Ibrahim A.
name: Kalia, Saarik
name: Arza, Ariel
name: Bloch, Itay M.
name: Muñoz, Eduardo Castro
name: Fabian, Christopher
name: Fedderke, Michael A.
name: Forseth, Madison
name: Garthwaite, Brian
name: Graham, Peter W.
name: Griffith, Will
name: Helgren, Erik
name: Interiano-Alvarado, Andres
name: Karki, Brittany
name: Kryemadhi, Abaz
name: Li, Andre
name: Nikfar, Ehsanullah
name: Stalnaker, Jason E.
name: Wang, Yicheng
name: Kimball, Derek F. Jackson
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Earth can act as a transducer to convert ultralight bosonic dark matter (axions and hidden photons) into an oscillating magnetic field with a characteristic pattern across its surface. Here we describe the first results of a dedicated experiment, the Search for Non-Interacting Particles Experimental Hunt (SNIPE Hunt), that aims to detect such dark-matter-induced magnetic-field patterns by performing correlated measurements with a network of magnetometers in relatively quiet magnetic environments (in the wilderness far from human-generated magnetic noise). Our experiment constrains parameter space describing hidden-photon and axion dark matter with Compton frequencies in the 0.5-5.0 Hz range. Limits on the kinetic-mixing parameter for hidden-photon dark matter represent the best experimental bounds to date in this frequency range.
description: 22 pages, 12 figures. Accepted for publication in PRD. Minor changes in text and updated / improved limits
Magnetic fields in jets: ordered or disordered?
Creators: name: Laing, R. A.
name: Canvin, J. R.
name: Bridle, A. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The question of the degree of order in the magnetic fields of relativistic jets is important to any understanding of their production. Both vector-ordered (e.g. helical) and disordered, but anisotropic fields can produce the high observed degrees of polarization. We outline our models of jets in FR I radio galaxies as decelerating relativistic flows. We then present theoretical calculations of the synchrotron emission from different field configurations and compare them with observed emission from FR I jets. We show that large-scale helical fields (with significant poloidal and toroidal components) are inconsistent with observations. The combination of an ordered toroidal and disordered poloidal component is consistent with our data, as is an entirely disordered field. Jets must also contain small, but significant amounts of radial field.
description: 5 pages, 6 figures, requires an.cls. To appear in the Proceedings of the International Conference: "The Origin and Evolution of Cosmic Magnetism"; Bologna 29 August - 2 September 2005; eds R. Beck, G. Brunetti, L. Feretti, and B. Gaensler (Astronomische Nachrichten, 2006)
Lejeunea luzonensis R. L. Zhu et M. J. Lai
Creators: name: Söderström, Lars
name: Hagborg, Anders
name: Konrat, Matt Von
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Bryophyta
Jungermanniopsida
Porellales
Lejeuneaceae
Lejeunea
Lejeunea luzonensis

description: Lejeunea luzonensis (Steph.) R.L.Zhu et M.J.Lai,
Ann. Bot. Fenn. 48 (5): 376, 2011 (see Wang et al. 2011). BASIONYM: Taxilejeunea luzonensis Steph., Hedwigia 35 (3): 134, 1896 (see Stephani 1896).
description: Published as part of Söderström, Lars, Hagborg, Anders & Konrat, Matt Von, 2014, Early Land Plants Today: Index of Liverworts & Hornworts 2011 - 2012, pp. 61-85 in Phytotaxa 170 (2) on page 70, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.170.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4779611
Primordial non-Gaussianity from ultra slow-roll Galileon inflation
Creators: name: Choudhury, Sayantan
name: Karde, Ahaskar
name: Panda, Sudhakar
name: Sami, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a detailed study of the generation of large primordial non-Gaussianities during the slow-roll (SR) to ultra-slow roll (USR) transitions in the framework of Galileon inflation. We found out that due to having sharp transitions in the USR phase, which persist with a duration of $Δ{\it N}_{\rm USR} \sim 2$ e-folds, we are able to generate the non-Gaussianity amplitude of the order: $|f_{\rm NL}| \sim {\it O}(10^{-2})$ in the SRI, $-5 < f_{\rm NL} < 5$ in the USR, and $-2 < f_{\rm NL} < 2$ in the SRII phases. As a result, we are able to achieve a cumulative average value of $|f_{\rm NL}| \sim {\it O}(1)$. This implies that our results strictly satisfy Maldacena's no-go theorem in the squeezed limit only for SRI, while they strictly violate the same condition in both the USR and SRII phases. The non-renormalization theorem in the Galileon theory helps to support our results regarding the generation of large mass primordial black holes along with large non-Gaussianities, which we show to be dependent on the specific positions of the transition wave numbers fixed at low scales.
description: 51 pages, 11 figures, 1 table, Typos corrected, and new references added, Comments are welcome, Revised version accepted for publication in JCAP
Parameter Inference from Event Ensembles and the Top-Quark Mass
Creators: name: Flesher, Forrest
name: Fraser, Katherine
name: Hutchison, Charles
name: Ostdiek, Bryan
name: Schwartz, Matthew D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of the key tasks of any particle collider is measurement. In practice, this is often done by fitting data to a simulation, which depends on many parameters. Sometimes, when the effects of varying different parameters are highly correlated, a large ensemble of data may be needed to resolve parameter-space degeneracies. An important example is measuring the top-quark mass, where other physical and unphysical parameters in the simulation must be marginalized over when fitting the top-quark mass parameter. We compare three different methodologies for top-quark mass measurement: a classical histogram fitting procedure, similar to one commonly used in experiment optionally augmented with soft-drop jet grooming; a machine-learning method called DCTR; and a linear regression approach, either using a least-squares fit or with a dense linearly-activated neural network. Despite the fact that individual events are totally uncorrelated, we find that the linear regression methods work most effectively when we input an ensemble of events sorted by mass, rather than training them on individual events. Although all methods provide robust extraction of the top-quark mass parameter, the linear network does marginally best and is remarkably simple. For the top study, we conclude that the Monte-Carlo-based uncertainty on current extractions of the top-quark mass from LHC data can be reduced significantly (by perhaps a factor of 2) using networks trained on sorted event ensembles. More generally, machine learning from ensembles for parameter estimation has broad potential for collider physics measurements.
description: v1: 27 + 5 pages, 14 + 3 figures. v2: Matches version accepted to JHEP
Light-Induced Static Magnetization: Nonlinear Edelstein Effect
Creators: name: Xu, Haowei
name: Zhou, Jian
name: Wang, Hua
name: Li, Ju
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically and computationally demonstrate that static magnetization can be generated under light illumination via nonlinear Edelstein effect (NLEE). NLEE is applicable to semiconductors under both linearly and circularly polarized light, and there are no constraints from either spatial inversion or time-reversal symmetry. Remarkably, magnetization can be induced under linearly polarized light in nonmagnetic materials. With ab initio calculations, we reveal several prominent features of NLEE. We find that the orbital contributions can be significantly greater than the spin contributions. And magnetization with various orderings, including anti-ferromagnetic, ferromagnetic, etc., are all realizable with NLEE, which may facilitate many applications, such as unveiling hidden physical effects, creating a spatially varying magnetization, or manipulating the magnetization of anti-ferromagnetic materials. The relationship between NLEE and other magneto-optic effects, including the inverse Faraday effect and inverse Cotton-Mouton effect, is also discussed.
description: 16 pages, 5 figures
Microscopic, kinetic and hydrodynamic hybrid models of collective motions withchemotaxis: a numerical study
Creators: name: Menci, Marta
name: Natalini, Roberto
name: Paul, Thierry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A general class of hybrid models has been introduced recently, gathering the advantages multiscale descriptions. Concerning biological applications, the particular coupled structure fits to collective cell migrations and pattern formation scenarios. In this context, cells are modelled as discrete entities and their dynamics is given by ODEs, while the chemical signal influencing the motion is considered as a continuous signal which solves a diffusive equation. From the analytical point of view, this class of model has been proved to have a mean-field limit in the Wasserstein distance towards a system given by the coupling of a Vlasov-type equation with the chemoattractant equation. Moreover, a pressureless nonlocal Euler-type system has been derived for these models, rigorously equivalent to the Vlasov one for monokinetic initial data. In the present paper, we present a numerical study of the solutions to the Vlasov and Euler systems, exploring general settings for inital data, far from the monokinetic ones.
CR Structures and Asymptotically Flat Space-Times
Creators: name: Newman, Ezra T.
name: Nurowski, Pawel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the unique existence, arising by analogy to that in algebraically special space-times, of a CR structure realized on null infinity for any asymptotically flat Einstein or Einstein-Maxwell space-time.
description: 6 pages
The biogeography and conservation of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss
Creators: name: McCusker, Megan R.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Northwestern North America has been repeatedly glaciated over the past million years, with the most recent glaciation occurring between 60,000 and 10,000 years ago. Where species survived glaciation and what dispersal routes they used during recolonization most likely had a profound effect on their intraspecific genetic variation. In this study, molecular techniques were used to investigate biogeographical, taxonomic and conservation issues in the rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. Allozyme data were consolidated from the literature to assess relationships of rainbow trout throughout its range, and a divergence between coastal and inland populations from California to Kamchatka in eastern Siberia was supported. For greater detail, a mitochondrial DNA analysis of restriction fragment length polymorphism was done, focusing mainly on British Columbia and the northern distribution of the species. Two phylogenetically distinct mitochondrial lineages were found with an average of 1.03% sequence divergence, with overlapping distributions that included both coastal and inland populations. Diversity and distributional analyses strongly suggested that both a coastal and an inland refuge were used during the last glaciation with extensive post-glacial gene flow and secondary contact. The Queen Charlotte Islands and the Columbia River were most strongly supported as refuge locations. An additional refuge may have existed in Beringia, but post-glacial dispersal from Beringia was most likely quite limited. Sequencing analysis of mitochondrial haplotypes revealed higher diversity in California than in the northern part of the species range, indicating a more ancient presence of rainbow trout in California relative to the north. The phylogeographic divergence in British Columbia among coastal and inland groups predates adaptive variation in the species as indicated by two life history characters in this analysis. Genetic variation resulting from historical isolation, therefore, warrants high conservation priority. However, due to the degree of secondary contact between these groups post-glacially, subspecies designations of coastal and redband (inland) trout were not supported.
DYNAMIC POSITIVE EQUILIBRIUM PROBLEM
Creators: name: Paris, Quirino
name: Paris, Quirino
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: The Dynamic Positive Equilibrium Problem (DPEP) is a methodology for dealing with time series about economic agents' decisions, regardless of the amount of available information. The approach is articulated in three phases, as in the static counterpart Symmetric Positive Equilibrium Problem (SPEP), with the variant that it must be preceded by the estimation of the equation of motion which characterizes a dynamic model. Furthermore, the definition of marginal cost in the DPEP model is different from the same notion in the static SPEP. In this paper, the DPEP approach was applied to a panel data dealing with annual crops from California agriculture for a horizon of eight years. The dynamic character of the DPEP model is based upon then assumption of output price adaptive expectations that follows a Nerlove-type specification.
Ab-Initio General-Relativistic Neutrino-Radiation Hydrodynamics Simulations of Long-Lived Neutron Star Merger Remnants to Neutrino Cooling Timescales
Creators: name: Radice, David
name: Bernuzzi, Sebastiano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform the first 3D ab-initio general-relativistic neutrino-radiation hydrodynamics of a long-lived neutron star merger remnant spanning a fraction of its cooling time scale. We find that neutrino cooling becomes the dominant energy loss mechanism after the gravitational-wave dominated phase (${\sim}20\ {\rm ms}$ postmerger). Electron flavor anti-neutrino luminosity dominates over electron flavor neutrino luminosity at early times, resulting in a secular increase of the electron fraction in the outer layers of the remnant. However, the two luminosities become comparable ${\sim}20{-}40\ {\rm ms}$ postmerger. A dense gas of electron anti-neutrinos is formed in the outer core of the remnant at densities ${\sim}10^{14.5}\ {\rm g}\ {\rm cm}^{-3}$, corresponding to temperature hot spots. The neutrinos account for ${\sim}10\%$ of the lepton number in this region. Despite the negative radial temperature gradient, the radial entropy gradient remains positive and the remnant is stably stratified according to the Ledoux criterion for convection. A massive accretion disk is formed from the material squeezed out of the collisional interface between the stars. The disk carries a large fraction of the angular momentum of the system, allowing the remnant massive neutron star to settle to a quasi-steady equilibrium within the region of possible stable rigidly rotating configurations. The remnant is differentially rotating, but it is stable against the magnetorotational instability. Other MHD mechanisms operating on longer timescales are likely responsible for the removal of the differential rotation. Our results indicate the remnant massive neutron star is thus qualitatively different from a protoneutron stars formed in core-collapse supernovae.
description: 15 pages, 9 figures. Accepted version
Precision of Quantization of the Hall Conductivity in a Sample of Finite Size: Power Law
Creators: name: Greshnov, A. A.
name: Zegrya, G. G.
name: Kolesnikova, E. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A microscopic calculation of the conductivity in the integer quantum Hall effect (IQHE) regime is carried out. The problem of precision of quantization is analyzed for samples of finite size. It is demonstrated that the precision of quantization shows a power-law dependence on the sample size. A new scaling parameter describing a dependence of this kind is introduced. It is also demonstrated that the precision of quantization linearly depends on the ratio between the amplitude of the chaotic potential and the cyclotron energy. The results obtained are compared with the magnetotransport measurements in mesoscopic samples.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Non-Negative Matrix Factorization for 2D-XAS Images of Lithium Ion Batteries
Creators: name: Tanimoto, Hiroki
name: Hongkun, Xu
name: Mizumaki, Masaishiro
name: Seno, Yoshiki
name: Uchiwada, Jumpei
name: Yamagami, Ryo
name: Kumazoe, Hiroyuki
name: Iwamitsu, Kazunori
name: Kimura, Yuta
name: Amezawa, Koji
name: Akai, Ichiro
name: Aonishi, Toru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: J.2

description: Lithium-ion secondary batteries have been used in a wide variety of purposes, such as for powering mobile devices and electric vehicles, but their performance should be improved. One of the factors that limits their performance is the non-uniformity of the chemical reaction in the process of charging and discharging. Many attempts have been made to elucidate the mechanism behind this reaction non-uniformity. In this paper, to detect non-uniformity in various physical properties from Co K-edge two-dimensional X-ray absorption spectroscopy (2D-XAS) images of lithium ion batteries, we propose a method that consists of one-sided orthogonal non-negative matrix factorization in combination with removal of the reference signal. The difference between X-ray absorption spectra acquired at different positions in the battery is very small. However, even in such a situation, our method can decompose the 2D-XAS data into different spatial domains and their corresponding absorption spectra. From the spectral decomposition of the obtained absorption spectra, we confirmed a transition-energy shift of the main peak as evidence for a change in the state of charge and also found spectral changes due to orbital hybridization in the decomposed spectral components.
Plasma vascular endothelial growth factor B is elevated in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease patients and associated with blood pressure and renal dysfunction
Creators: name: Ye, Xiaofeng
name: Kong, Wen
name: Zafar, Mohammad Ishraq
name: Yang, Rui
name: Chen, Lu‑Lu
Publisher: name: IfADo - Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Dortmund
Year: 2020
Subjects: vascular endothelial growth factor B
non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
blood pressure
renal dysfunction
metabolism

description: Vascular endothelial growth factor B (VEGF-B) is a critical metabolic regulator in insulin resistance, and lipid distribution. We intended to ascertain the relationship between circulating VEGF-B and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in the general public. We recruited a total of 194 general participants for a routine physical health examination; of these, 84 participants were identified with NAFLD and 110 without NAFLD based on ultrasonographic findings. Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), body mass index (BMI), HbA1c, liver function, kidney function, plasma VEGF-B levels and indexes of metabolic syndrome (blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose, fasting lipids) were evaluated. Plasma VEGF-B values were significantly higher in individuals with NAFLD compared to those without NAFLD (P = 0.022), and analysis of covariance confirmed this result. VEGF-B showed a positive correlation with γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (γ-GT) and HOMA-IR in univariate analysis (q = 0.242; P = 0.001; q =0.174; P = 0.019, respectively). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that γ-GT and ALT were independently correlated with VEGF-B even after adjusted for gender and age (q = 0.286; P = 0.01; q =0.237; P = 0.033, respectively). Moreover, plasma VEGF-B showed a powerful correlation with blood pressure and renal dysfunction. Plasma VEGF-B might be a new clinical variable related to NAFLD and could be a proper biomarker for the early detection of hypertension and renal dysfunction. However, further studies with large cohorts’ size are warranted to validate our findings.
description: EXCLI Journal; 19:Doc1186; ISSN 1611-2156
Multiplicative Connections and Their Lie Theory
Creators: name: Pugliese, Fabrizio
name: Sparano, Giovanni
name: Vitagliano, Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 22A22 (Primary), 53B05, 53D17, 58A50

description: We define and study multiplicative connections in the tangent bundle of a Lie groupoid. Multiplicative connections are linear connections satisfying an appropriate compatibility with the groupoid structure. Our definition is natural in the sense that a linear connection on a Lie groupoid is multiplicative if and only if its torsion is a multiplicative tensor in the sense of Bursztyn-Drummond [5] and its geodesic spray is a multiplicative vector field. We identify the obstruction to the existence of a multiplicative connection. We also discuss the infinitesimal version of multiplicative connections in the tangent bundle, that we call infinitesimally multiplicative (IM) connections and we prove an integration theorem for IM connections. Finally, we present a few toy examples.
description: 29 pages, v2: much shortened wrt version v1. To appear in Commun. Contemp. Math. Comments welcome!
ECONOMIC REFORM AND THE CHANGING PATTERN OF CHINA'S AGRICULTURAL TRADE
Creators: name: Carter, Colin A.
name: Li, Xianghong
name: Carter, Colin A.
name: Li, Xianghong
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: commerce
subject: China
subject: economic policy

description: This paper examines the composition of China's trade from 1980 to 1996, with a focus on agriculture and a view towards understanding its changing structure relative to other sectors. We analyze the time series behavior of individual goods at the SITC three-digit level, categorized into three groups: agricultural commodities, "other primary" commodities, and manufactures. We find that agricultural trade has expanded along comparative advantage lines in a very modest way, compared to manufactures and other primary commodities.
Ultracold neutral plasma expansion in two dimensions
Creators: name: Cummings, E. A.
name: Daily, J. E.
name: Durfee, D. S.
name: Bergeson, S. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extend an isothermal thermal model of ultracold neutral plasma expansion to systems without spherical symmetry, and use this model to interpret new fluorescence measurements on these plasmas. By assuming a self-similar expansion, it is possible to solve the fluid equations analytically and to include velocity effects to predict the fluorescence signals. In spite of the simplicity of this approach, the model reproduces the major features of the experimental data.
Fault-Tolerant Dissipative Preparation of Atomic Quantum Registers with Fermions
Creators: name: Griessner, A.
name: Daley, A. J.
name: Jaksch, D.
name: Zoller, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a fault tolerant loading scheme to produce an array of fermions in an optical lattice of the high fidelity required for applications in quantum information processing and the modelling of strongly correlated systems. A cold reservoir of Fermions plays a dual role as a source of atoms to be loaded into the lattice via a Raman process and as a heat bath for sympathetic cooling of lattice atoms. Atoms are initially transferred into an excited motional state in each lattice site, and then decay to the motional ground state, creating particle-hole pairs in the reservoir. Atoms transferred into the ground motional level are no longer coupled back to the reservoir, and doubly occupied sites in the motional ground state are prevented by Pauli blocking. This scheme has strong conceptual connections with optical pumping, and can be extended to load high-fidelity patterns of atoms.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures, RevTex 4
Harnessing Data Augmentation to Quantify Uncertainty in the Early Estimation of Single-Photon Source Quality
Creators: name: Kedziora, David Jacob
name: Musiał, Anna
name: Rudno-Rudziński, Wojciech
name: Gabrys, Bogdan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Novel methods for rapidly estimating single-photon source (SPS) quality have been promoted in recent literature to address the expensive and time-consuming nature of experimental validation via intensity interferometry. However, the frequent lack of uncertainty discussions and reproducible details raises concerns about their reliability. This study investigates the use of data augmentation, a machine learning technique, to supplement experimental data with bootstrapped samples and quantify the uncertainty of such estimates. Eight datasets obtained from measurements involving a single InGaAs/GaAs epitaxial quantum dot serve as a proof-of-principle example. Analysis of one of the SPS quality metrics derived from efficient histogram fitting of the synthetic samples, i.e. the probability of multi-photon emission events, reveals significant uncertainty contributed by stochastic variability in the Poisson processes that describe detection rates. Ignoring this source of error risks severe overconfidence in both early quality estimates and claims for state-of-the-art SPS devices. Additionally, this study finds that standard least-squares fitting is comparable to using a Poisson likelihood, and expanding averages show some promise for early estimation. Also, reducing background counts improves fitting accuracy but does not address the Poisson-process variability. Ultimately, data augmentation demonstrates its value in supplementing physical experiments; its benefit here is to emphasise the need for a cautious assessment of SPS quality.
description: Updated title and content
Generic critical points of normal matrix ensembles
Creators: name: Teodorescu, Razvan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The evolution of the degenerate complex curve associated with the ensemble at a generic critical point is related to the finite time singularities of Laplacian Growth. It is shown that the scaling behavior at a critical point of singular geometry $x^3 \sim y^2$ is described by the first Painlevé transcendent. The regularization of the curve resulting from discretization is discussed.
description: Based on a talk given at the conference on Random Matrices, Random Processes and Integrable Systems, CRM Montreal, June 2005
Cyberphysical Security Through Resiliency: A Systems-centric Approach
Creators: name: Fleming, Cody
name: Elks, Carl
name: Bakirtzis, Georgios
name: Adams, Stephen C.
name: Carter, Bryan
name: Beling, Peter A.
name: Horowitz, Barry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Cyber-physical systems (CPS) are often defended in the same manner as information technology (IT) systems -- by using perimeter security. Multiple factors make such defenses insufficient for CPS. Resiliency shows potential in overcoming these shortfalls. Techniques for achieving resilience exist; however, methods and theory for evaluating resilience in CPS are lacking. We argue that such methods and theory should assist stakeholders in deciding where and how to apply design patterns for resilience. Such a problem potentially involves tradeoffs between different objectives and criteria, and such decisions need to be driven by traceable, defensible, repeatable engineering evidence. Multi-criteria resiliency problems require a system-oriented approach that evaluates systems in the presence of threats as well as potential design solutions once vulnerabilities have been identified. We present a systems-oriented view of cyber-physical security, termed Mission Aware, that is based on a holistic understanding of mission goals, system dynamics, and risk.
LAND RIGHTS, FARMER INVESTMENTS INCENTIVES, AND AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION IN CHINA
Creators: name: Li, Guo
name: Rozelle, Scott
name: Huang, Jikun
name: Li, Guo
name: Rozelle, Scott
name: Huang, Jikun
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: Farm Management
Land Economics/Use

description: The overall goal of our paper is to estimate the impact of China's land rights on farm investment incentives and agricultural production. To meet the goal, the paper pursues three specific objectives. First, the paper briefly reviews the various linkages between land rights and investment incentives. Next, we demonstrate how land use behavior differs according to the tenure regime and land rights. Third, by using our field survey data, this paper identifies the links between specific land rights, instead of just the land tenure type, and investment incentives. The paper also measures the size of efficiency loss from the current land rights arrangements.
Lejeunea malangensis R. L. Zhu et Y. M. Wei, J. Bryol.
Creators: name: Söderström, Lars
name: Hagborg, Anders
name: Konrat, Matt Von
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Bryophyta
Jungermanniopsida
Porellales
Lejeuneaceae
Lejeunea
Lejeunea malangensis

description: Lejeunea malangensis (Herzog) R.L.Zhu et Y.M.Wei,
J. Bryol. 34 (4): 319, 2012 (see Zhu & Wei 2012). BASIONYM: Trachylejeunea malangensis Herzog, Mitt. Inst. Allg. Bot. Hamburg 7 (3): 203, 1931 (see Herzog 1931).
description: Published as part of Söderström, Lars, Hagborg, Anders & Konrat, Matt Von, 2014, Early Land Plants Today: Index of Liverworts & Hornworts 2011 - 2012, pp. 61-85 in Phytotaxa 170 (2) on page 70, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.170.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4779611
Intersections of Lagrangian submanifolds and the Mel'nikov 1-form
Creators: name: Roy, Nicolas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We make explicit the geometric content of Mel'nikov's method for detecting heteroclinic points between transversally hyperbolic periodic orbits. After developing the general theory of intersections for pairs of family of Lagrangian submanifolds constrained to live in an auxiliary family of submanifolds, we explain how the heteroclinic orbits are detected by the zeros of the Mel'nikov 1 -form. This 1 -form admits an integral expression, which is non-convergent in general. Finally, we discuss different solutions to this convergence problem.
description: Corrected typos, modified title, updated bibliography
Towards Listening to 10 People Simultaneously: An Efficient Permutation Invariant Training of Audio Source Separation Using Sinkhorn's Algorithm
Creators: name: Tachibana, Hideyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: In neural network-based monaural speech separation techniques, it has been recently common to evaluate the loss using the permutation invariant training (PIT) loss. However, the ordinary PIT requires to try all $N!$ permutations between $N$ ground truths and $N$ estimates. Since the factorial complexity explodes very rapidly as $N$ increases, a PIT-based training works only when the number of source signals is small, such as $N = 2$ or $3$. To overcome this limitation, this paper proposes a SinkPIT, a novel variant of the PIT losses, which is much more efficient than the ordinary PIT loss when $N$ is large. The SinkPIT is based on Sinkhorn's matrix balancing algorithm, which efficiently finds a doubly stochastic matrix which approximates the best permutation in a differentiable manner. The author conducted an experiment to train a neural network model to decompose a single-channel mixture into 10 sources using the SinkPIT, and obtained promising results.
description: 5 pages, 8 figures, IEEE ICASSP 2021
TRADE AND INVESTMENT LIBERALIZASTION AND CHINA'S RURAL ECONOMY: IMPACTS AND POLICY RESPONSES
Creators: name: Rozelle, Scott
name: Rozelle, Scott
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development
International Relations/Trade

description: While the forces of development and transition have been in part responsible for generating the progress that rural China has experienced during the past 20 years as well as being responsible for some of the remaining barriers, the nation's efforts at pushing ambitious Trade and Investment Liberalization (TIL) policies threaten to further accentuate the trends in rural China. Surprisingly, however, even though the potential for gain and for damage is great, almost no literature exists to answer some of the most basic questions about the proposed efforts to push TIL. On balance, will TIL policies help or hurt rural residents? How will they affect rural incomes? How will they affect rural employment in the agricultural and non-agricultural sectors? What policies can the government adopt to reduce the harmful effects and enhance the positive benefits? The general goal of my essay will be to begin the discussion of these critical questions. In particular, I will attempt to meet this broad goal by pursuing four objectives: First, I will review the rural economy's record on income generation. Second, I will review the rural economy's record on employment. Third, I will attempt to assess the net results of the positive and negative impacts that TIL policies may have on rural incomes and employment. Finally, I will discuss a number of alternative policies that leaders may consider adopting to reduce TIL's costs and increase its benefits. To meet this goal, I will organize the rest of this paper as follows. In the first section, I will first review China's macro setting and discuss a number of the important macro-forces that may have important impacts on rural incomes. I then trace out the record of rural incomes during the reform era. In the second section, I examine in more detail the record on employment in the rural economy during the past two decades. The purpose of the first two sections will be to motivate the third section: a discussion of how TIL policies may help and hurt incomes and employment in rural China. Finally, the last section concludes with a discussion of policies that may assist policy makers in dealing with the cost and benefits of TIL policies.
Phase diagram of silicon from atomistic simulations
Creators: name: Kaczmarski, M.
name: Bedoya-Martinez, O. N.
name: Hernandez, E. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this letter we present a calculation of the temperature-pressure phase diagram of Si in a range of pressures covering from -5 to 20 GPa and temperatures up to the melting point. The phase boundaries and triple points between the diamond, liquid, $β$-Sn and ${Si}_{34}$ clathrate phases are reported. We have employed efficient simulation techniques to calculate free energies and to numerically integrate the Clausius-Clapeyron equation, combined with a tight binding model capable of an accuracy comparable to that of first-principles methods. The resulting phase diagram agrees well with the available experimental data.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure, accepted in PRL
Deformed Schrodinger symmetry on noncommutative space
Creators: name: Banerjee, Rabin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct the deformed generators of Schroedinger symmetry consistent with noncommutative space. The examples of the free particle and the harmonic oscillator, both of which admit Schroedinger symmetry, are discussed in detail. We construct a generalised Galilean algebra where the second central extension exists in all dimensions. This algebra also follows from the Inonu--Wigner contraction of a generalised Poincare algebra in noncommuting space.
description: 9 pages, LaTeX, abstract modified, new section included
Lejeunea saccatiloba R. L. Zhu et W. Ye, J. Syst. Evol.
Creators: name: Söderström, Lars
name: Hagborg, Anders
name: Konrat, Matt Von
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Bryophyta
Jungermanniopsida
Porellales
Lejeuneaceae
Lejeunea
Lejeunea saccatiloba

description: * Lejeunea saccatiloba (Steph.) R.L.Zhu et W.Ye,
J. Syst. Evol. 51 (4): 472, 2013 [2012], nom. illeg. ICN Art. 53.1; hom. illeg. [non Steph. ex Anon. 1891] (see Ye et al. 2013). BASIONYM: Archilejeunea saccatiloba Steph., Hedwigia 34 (2): 61, 1895 (see Stephani 1895a). BLOCKING NAME: Lejeunea saccatiloba (Steph.) Steph. ex Anon., Hedwigia 30: IX, 1891 (see Anonymous 1891).
NOTE: The combination was invalidly published twice prior to the valid publication (Zhu et al. 2011b: 46, Ye & Zhu 2012: 85; non vidi).
description: Published as part of Söderström, Lars, Hagborg, Anders & Konrat, Matt Von, 2014, Early Land Plants Today: Index of Liverworts & Hornworts 2011 - 2012, pp. 61-85 in Phytotaxa 170 (2) on page 70, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.170.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4779611
Economic Surplus Measurement in Multi-Market Models
Creators: name: Zhao, Xueyan
name: Mullen, John D.
name: Griffith, Garry R.
name: Zhao, Xueyan
name: Mullen, John D.
name: Griffith, Garry R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: equilibrium displacement model
subject: multi-market
subject: economic surplus
subject: R&D evaluation

description: Despite continuing controversy, economic surplus concepts have continued to be used in empirical cost-benefit analyses as measures of welfare to producers and consumers. In this paper, the issue of measuring changes in producer and consumer surplus resulting from exogenous supply or demand shifts in multi-market models is examined using a two-input and two-output equilibrium displacement model. When markets are related through both demand and supply, it is shown that significant errors are possible when conventional economic surplus areas are used incorrectly. The economic surplus change to producers or consumers should be measured sequentially in the two markets and then added up.
Barkat, Anwar M. (hrsg.): Alternativen zum Konflikt
Creators: name: Hilke, Jürgen
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 20 Nr. 3 (1971): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 20, Heft 3