cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Low-momentum ring diagrams of neutron matter at and near the unitary limit
Creators: name: Siu, L. -W.
name: Kuo, T. T. S.
name: Machleidt, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study neutron matter at and near the unitary limit using a low-momentum ring diagram approach. By slightly tuning the meson-exchange CD-Bonn potential, neutron-neutron potentials with various $^1S_0$ scattering lengths such as $a_s=-12070fm$ and $+21fm$ are constructed. Such potentials are renormalized with rigorous procedures to give the corresponding $a_s$-equivalent low-momentum potentials $V_{low-k}$, with which the low-momentum particle-particle hole-hole ring diagrams are summed up to all orders, giving the ground state energy $E_0$ of neutron matter for various scattering lengths. At the limit of $a_s\to \pm \infty$, our calculated ratio of $E_0$ to that of the non-interacting case is found remarkably close to a constant of 0.44 over a wide range of Fermi-momenta. This result reveals an universality that is well consistent with the recent experimental and Monte-Carlo computational study on low-density cold Fermi gas at the unitary limit. The overall behavior of this ratio obtained with various scattering lengths is presented and discussed. Ring-diagram results obtained with $V_{low-k}$ and those with $G$-matrix interactions are compared.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures
Production of medicinal plants in agroforestry systems - Produkcja roślin leczniczych w systemach drzewno-ornych i leśno-pastwiskowych
Creators: name: Romero-Franco, R.
name: Rigueiro-Rodriguez, A.
name: Ferreiro-Dominguez, N.
name: Gonzalez-Hernandez MP.
name: Mosquera-Losada, M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Medicinal plants
laurel
bay
shrub
tree
rośliny lecznicze
laur
wawrzyn
krzew
drzewo

description: Laur to roślina o wysokim potencjale, odpowiednia do uprawiania w systemach agroleśnictwa, zarówno rolno-leśnych jak i leśno-pastwiskowych. Łańcuch wartości jak i współpraca rolników powinny być promowane w celu rozwoju rynku i wartości dodanej produktów. - Laurel is a plant with a strong potential to be used in combination with agroforestry practices, both silvoarable and silvopasture. Value chain and farmer cooperation should be promoted to better develop the market and the added value.
High resolution cathodoluminescence hyperspectral imaging of surface features in InGaN/GaN multiple quantum well structures
Creators: name: Bruckbauer, Jochen
name: Edwards, Paul R.
name: Wang, Tao
name: Martin, Robert W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: InGaN/GaN multiple quantum wells (MQWs) have been studied by using cathodoluminescence hyperspectral imaging with high spatial resolution. Variations in peak emission energies and intensities across trench-like features and V-pits on the surface of the MQWs are investigated. The MQW emission from the region inside trench-like features is red-shifted by approximately 45 meV and more intense than the surrounding planar regions of the sample, whereas emission from the V-pits is blue-shifted by about 20 meV and relatively weaker. By employing this technique to the studied nanostructures it is possible to investigate energy and intensity shifts on a 10 nm length scale.
description: 3 pages, 3 figures
Shear Viscosity in a Gluon Gas
Creators: name: Xu, Zhe
name: Greiner, Carsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The relation of the shear viscosity coefficient to the recently introduced transport rate is derived within relativistic kinetic theory. We calculate the shear viscosity over entropy ratio η/s for a gluon gas, which involves elastic gg-> gg perturbative QCD (PQCD) scatterings as well as inelastic ggggg PQCD bremsstrahlung. For α_s=0.3 we find η/s=0.13 and for α_s=0.6, η/s=0.076. The small η/s values, which suggest strongly coupled systems, are due to the gluon bremsstrahlung incorporated.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, minor corrections, 3 references added, version published in PRL
Hedgerows and isolated trees role in Europe - Rola drzew śródpolnych i żywopłotów w Europie
Creators: name: Mosquera-Losada, M.
name: Rigueiro-Rodriguez, A.
name: Silva-Losada, P.
name: Romero-Franco, R.
name: Ferreiro-Dominguez, N.
name: Gonzalez-Hernandez MP.
name: Rodriguez-Rigueiro FJ.
name: Arias-Martinez, D.
name: Fernandez-Lorenzo JL
name: Santiago-Freijanes J
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Landscape features
CAP
Mapping
Adaptation
Mitigation
Cechy krajobrazu
Elementy krajobrazu
WPR
Mapowanie
Adaptacja
Łagodzenie zmian

description: Elementy krajobrazu powinny podlegać ochronie a ich liczba zwiększać się aby podnieść wartość świadczeń ekosystemowych dostarczanych przez grunty rolne. Kwalifikowalność elementów krajobrazu do otrzymywania płatności jest istotne dla wsparcia finansowego rolników, którzy będą dostarczać świadczeń ekosystemowych w ramach WPR 2021-2027. Kluczową kwestią jest uznanie agroleśnictwa w prawodawstwie, także w kontekście krajobrazu aby zwiększyć świadomość społeczeństwa że konieczne jest przejście z konwencjonalnych sposobów użytkowania gruntu do bardziej zrównoważonych. - Landscape features should be preserved and their extent enlarged to increase the delivery of ecosystem services in both croplands and arable lands. Accountability of landscape features is essential to pay farmers for ecosystem services delivery that is aimed at next CAP 2021-2027. It is essential to recognize agroforestry as such when describing landscape features to increase awareness about the needed transition from conventional to more sustainable land use systems.
title: Galaxies in a simulated Lambda CDM universe - II. Observable properties and constraints on feedback
Creators: name: Keres, D
name: Katz, N
name: Dave, R
name: Fardal, M
name: Weinberg, DH
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: methods: numerical - cooling flows
subject: galaxies: evolution
subject: galaxies: formation
subject: galaxies: luminosity function
subject: mass function
subject: Astrophysics and Astronomy

description: This is the pre-published version harvested from ArXiv. The published version is located at http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.14924.x/full
description: We compare the properties of galaxies that form in a cosmological simulation without strong feedback to observations of the z= 0 galaxy population. We confirm previous findings that models without strong feedback overproduce the observed galaxy baryonic mass function, especially at the low- and high-mass extremes. Through post-processing we investigate what kinds of feedback would be required to reproduce the statistics of observed galaxy masses and star formation rates. To mimic an extreme form of ‘preventive’ feedback, such as a highly efficient active galactic nucleus ‘radio mode’, we remove all baryonic mass that was originally accreted from shock-heated gas (‘hot-mode’ accretion). This removal does not bring the high-mass end of the galaxy mass function into agreement with observations because much of the stellar mass in these systems formed at high redshift from baryons that originally accreted via ‘cold mode’ on to lower mass progenitors. An efficient ‘ejective’ feedback mechanism, such as supernova-driven galactic winds, must reduce the masses of these progenitors before they merge to form today's massive galaxies. Feedback must also reduce the masses of lower mass z= 0 galaxies, which assemble at lower redshifts and have much lower star formation rates. If we monotonically remap galaxy masses to reproduce the observed mass function, but retain the simulation-predicted star formation rates, we obtain fairly good agreement with the observed sequence of star-forming galaxies. However, we fail to recover the observed population of passive, low star formation rate galaxies, especially at the high-mass end. Suppressing all hot-mode accretion improves the agreement for high-mass galaxies, but it worsens the agreement at intermediate masses. Reproducing these z= 0 observations requires a feedback mechanism that dramatically suppresses star formation in a fraction of galaxies, increasing with mass, while leaving star formation rates of other galaxies essentially unchanged.
Additional file 3: of Baricitinib induces LDL-C and HDL-C increases in rheumatoid arthritis: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Creators: name: Qiu, Chengfeng
name: Zhao, Xiang
name: She, Lang
name: Shi, Zhihua
name: Deng, Ziwei
name: Tan, Liming
name: Tu, Xiaojun
name: Jiang, Shilong
name: Tang, Bin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology

description: The Study characteristics of included trials about JAK inhibitors. (DOCX 42 kb)
Quantum Machine Learning Tensor Network States
Creators: name: Kardashin, Andrey
name: Uvarov, Alexey
name: Biamonte, Jacob
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Tensor network algorithms seek to minimize correlations to compress the classical data representing quantum states. Tensor network algorithms and similar tools---called tensor network methods---form the backbone of modern numerical methods used to simulate many-body physics and have a further range of applications in machine learning. Finding and contracting tensor network states is a computational task which quantum computers might be used to accelerate. We present a quantum algorithm which returns a classical description of a rank-$r$ tensor network state satisfying an area law and approximating an eigenvector given black-box access to a unitary matrix. Our work creates a bridge between several contemporary approaches, including tensor networks, the variational quantum eigensolver (VQE), quantum approximate optimization (QAOA), and quantum computation.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures, numerics added
Entangling two distant oscillators with a quantum reservoir
Creators: name: Wolf, Alexander
name: De Chiara, Gabriele
name: Kajari, Endre
name: Lutz, Eric
name: Morigi, Giovanna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The generation of entanglement between two oscillators that interact via a common reservoir is theoretically studied. The reservoir is modeled by a one-dimensional harmonic crystal initially in thermal equilibrium. Starting from a separable state, the oscillators can become entangled after a transient time, that is of the order of the thermalization time scale. This behavior is observed at finite temperature even when the oscillators are at a distance significantly larger than the crystal's interparticle spacing. The underlying physical mechanisms can be explained by the dynamical properties of the collective variables of the two oscillators which may decouple from or be squeezed by the reservoir. Our predictions can be tested with an ion chain in a linear Paul trap.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Spin polaron in the J1-J2 Heisenberg model
Creators: name: Hamad, I. J.
name: Trumper, A. E.
name: Feiguin, A. E.
name: Manuel, L. O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have studied the validity of the spin polaron picture in the frustrated J1-J2 Heisenberg model. For this purpose, we have computed the hole spectral functions for the Neel, collinear, and disordered phases of this model, by means of the self-consistent Born approximation and Lanczos exact diagonalization on finite-size clusters. We have found that the spin polaron quasiparticle excitation is always well defined for the magnetically ordered Neel and collinear phases, even in the vicinity of the magnetic quantum critical points, where the local magnetization vanishes. As a general feature, the effect of frustration is to increase the amplitude of the multimagnon states that build up the spin polaron wave function, leading to the reduction of the quasiparticle coherence. Based on Lanczos results, we discuss the validity of the spin polaron picture in the disordered phase.
description: 9 pages, 12 figures
Browse, preserved tree fodder and nutrition - Zgryzanie drzew i produkcja paszy liściarki jako źródło substancji odżywczych
Creators: name: Whistance Lindsay
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Tree fodder; Browse; Protein; Minerals; Selective feeding; Learning; Silvopastoral systems
liściarka
zgryzanie
białka
minerały
skarmianie selektywne
nauka
systemy leśno-pastwiskowe

description: Liściarka oraz zgryzane gałązki drzew i krzewów stanowią dobre źródło białka, witamin i minerałów. Liście i gałązki roślinności zdrewniałej są chętnie zjadane przez zwierzęta hodowlane. System leśno-pastwiskowy jest bardziej produktywny niż otwarte pastwisko. Zwierzęta z niedoborami składników odżywczych mogą poszukiwać odpowiedniego dla siebie pożywienia pośród zróżnicowanej roślinności. - Browse and tree fodder are good sources of protein, vitamins and minerals. Browse and tree fodder are readily eaten by farm animals. Silvopasture is more productive than open pasture. Animals with nutritional deficiencies can seek out appropriate feed sources in a diverse environment.
Phonological Priming in Children's Picture Naming
Creators: name: Brooks, Patricia J
name: Macwhinney, Brian
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: 170199 Psychology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Two experiments examined phonological priming in children and adults, using a cross-modal picture-word interference task. Pictures of familiar objects were presented on a computer screen, while interfering words (IWs) were presented over headphones. In terms of their relation to target pictures, IWs were either phonologically related, unrelated, neutral (the word go), or identical. Ninety children (30 aged 4;11 to 5;11, 30 aged 6;11 to 7;11, and 30 aged 9;5 to 11;9) and 30 adults were instructed to name the pictures as quickly as possible while ignoring the IWs. In Experiment 1, related IWs shared onset consonants with the names of the pictures. Across ages, participants named pictures faster with related IWs than with unrelated IWs. In Experiment 2, related IWs rhymed with the targets. Here, only the youngest children (five to seven-year-olds) named pictures faster with related IWs than with unrelated IWs. The results indicate that priming effects reach a peak during a time when articulatory information is being consolidated in the output phonological buffer. The disappearance of the rhyme priming effect with age may reflect the gradual emergence of the onset as an organizing structure in speech production. This increased prominence of the onset can be viewed as one component of a just-in-time, incrementalist approach to speech production that allows adults to speak more fluently than children.
Phonological Memory and Vocabulary Learning in Children with Focal Lesions
Creators: name: Prahlad  Gupta
name: Macwhinney, Brian
name: Feldman, Heidi
name: Sacco, Kelley
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: 170199 Psychology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Eleven children with early focal lesions were compared with 70 age-matched controls to assess their performance in repeating nonwords, in learning new words, and in immediate serial recall, a triad of abilities that are believed to share some aspects of underlying processing (e.g., Baddeley, Gathercole, & Papagno, 1998). Results for the experimental group were also compared with other assessments previously reported for the same children by MacWhinney, Feldman, Sacco, and Vald´es-P´erez (2000). The children with brain injury showed substantial impairment relative to controls in the experimental tasks, in contrast with relatively unimpaired performance on measures of vocabulary and nonverbal intelligence. The relationships between word learning, nonword repetition, and immediate serial recall were similar to those observed in several other populations. These results confirm previous reports that there are persistent processing impairments following early brain injury, despite developmental plasticity. They also suggest that word learning, nonword repetition, and immediate serial recall may be relatively demanding tasks, and that their relationship is a fundamental aspect of the cognitive system.
New bio-products and innovative value chain from olive processing - Nowe bio-produkty oraz innowacyjne łańcuchy wartości w produkcji oliwy
Creators: name: Pisanelli Andrea; Russo Giuseppe; Consalvo Claudia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Bio-economy
olives
residues
bio-products
biogospodarka
oliwki
odpady
bioprodukty

description: Obecnie ceny oliwy z oliwek często nie gwarantują odpowiedniego dochodu dla przetwórców. Odpady powstałe w procesie produkcji oliwy są dla operatora olejarni problematyczne w składowaniu/unieszkodliwianiu. Produkcja pasty z oliwek stanowi przykład innowacyjnego łańcucha wartości możliwego do zrealizowania z wykorzystaniem biopozostałości. - Currently often the prices of extra virgin olive oil do not guarantee an adequate income for the operators. The processing residues resulting from the oil production represent a problem for the millers in terms of disposal. The olive pâté production is an example of a possible innovative value chain that could be implemented using bio-residues.
Daternomina alicewellsae Cartwright 2008, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Cartwright, David I.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Trichoptera
Ecnomidae
Daternomina
Daternomina alicewellsae

description: Daternomina alicewellsae sp. nov. Figures 16–18 Diagnosis. Daternomina alicewellsae can be distinguished from all other Daternomina species by having fused inferior appendages with relatively straight sides and a wide V-shaped notch distally. Description. Head, body and wings light brown; wings similar to D. irrorata (Fig. 1). Forewing length about 3.3 times width: male 3.7 mm. Forewing fork 2 relatively long, sessile, about 1.8–1.9 times length of fork 3, nygma present; fork 3 relatively long, length about 1.6–2.1 times length footstalk, footstalk length about 2.0–2.2 times length cross-vein m; r-m and m displaced at fork 3 by about 1.9–2.0 times length crossvein m; fork 4 similar length to fork 3; fork 5 long, about 1.8 times length of fork 4. Hindwing length about 3 times width, fork 2 sessile, length about 1.9–2.1 times length of fork 3. Male. Tergum X short, membranous (Fig. 18). Superior appendages laterally compressed; in lateral view, sub-rectangular, length about 3 times width (Fig. 16); in dorsal view, relatively slender, length about 4.5 times width, with a group of spines on inner surface (Fig. 18). Phallus robust, generally tube-like, truncated apically, with a pair of long, slender spines embedded subapically and a pair of elongate processes dorsally; with a slender, curved process (phallic guide) arising from near the base of the inferior appendages (Fig. 16). Inferior appendages strongly dorso-ventrally compressed; in ventral view, fused, robust, relatively straight sided, with a wide V-shaped notch distally (Fig. 17); in lateral view, slender and straight (Fig. 16). Female. Unknown. Holotype male: (specimen CT-235 figured), Queensland, Mulgrave R., W of Gordonvale (about 17°08'S, 145°45'E), 29 Apr 1979, A.W. (NMV, T-19565). Other material examined: Queensland. 2 males, Moses Ck, 4 km N by E Mt Finnigan, 15°47'S, 145°27'E, 14–16 Oct 1980, J.C. Cardale (ANIC). Etymology. Named for Dr Alice Wells (collector). Remarks. This species is known from only three male specimens recorded from two localities in northeastern Queensland (latitudinal range 15°47'- 17°08'S).
description: Published as part of Cartwright, David I., 2008, A review of the Australian species of Ecnomina Kimmins and Daternomina Neboiss (Trichoptera: Ecnomidae), pp. 1-76 in Zootaxa 1774 (1) on pages 14-15, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1774.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5124133
The radiation equation of state and loop quantum gravity corrections
Creators: name: Bojowald, Martin
name: Das, Rupam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The equation of state for radiation is derived in a canonical formulation of the electromagnetic field. This allows one to include correction terms expected from canonical quantum gravity and to infer implications to the universe evolution in radiation dominated epochs. Corrections implied by quantum geometry can be interpreted in physically appealing ways, relating to the conformal invariance of the classical equations.
description: 11 pages, 1 figure
Phonological Activation in Pure Alexia
Creators: name: Montant, Marie
name: Behrmann, Marlene
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: 170199 Psychology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Pure alexia is a reading impairment in which patients appear to read letter-by-letter. This disorder is typically accounted for in terms of a peripheral deficit that occurs early on in the reading system, prior to the activation of orthographic word representations. The peripheral interpretation of pure alexia has recently been challenged by the phonological deficit hypothesis, which claims that a postlexical disconnection between orthographic and phonological information contributes to or is responsible for the disorder. Because this hypothesis was mainly supported by data from a single patient (IH), who also has surface dyslexia, the present study re-examined this hypothesis with another pure alexic patient (EL). In contrast to patient IH, EL did not show any evidence of a phonological deficit. Her pattern of performance in naming was not qualitatively different from that of normal readers; she appeared to be reading via a mode of processing resulting in strong serial and lexical effects, a pattern often observed in normal individuals reading unfamiliar stimuli. The present results do not obviously support the phonological hypothesis and are more consistent with peripheral interpretations of pure alexia. The peripheral and the phonological accounts of pure alexia are discussed in light of two current models of visual word recognition.
Canonical Gravity with Fermions
Creators: name: Bojowald, Martin
name: Das, Rupam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Canonical gravity in real Ashtekar-Barbero variables is generalized to allow for fermionic matter. The resulting torsion changes several expressions in Holst's original vacuum analysis, which are summarized here. This in turn requires adaptations to the known loop quantization of gravity coupled to fermions, which is discussed on the basis of the classical analysis. As a result, parity invariance is not manifestly realized in loop quantum gravity.
description: 17 pages; v2: new discussion of parity, more general non-minimal coupling, less details of constraint analysis
On polarized K3 surfaces of genus 33
Creators: name: Karzhemanov, Ilya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove that the moduli space of smooth primitively polarized $\mathrm{K3}$ surfaces of genus 33 is unirational.
description: 12 pages; the text has been revised following the referee's suggestions
Interplay of Kerr and Raman beam cleaning with a multimode microstructure fiber
Creators: name: Dupiol, R.
name: Krupa, K.
name: Tonello, A.
name: Fabert, M.
name: Modotto, D.
name: Wabnitz, S.
name: Millot, G.
name: Couderc, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We experimentally study the competition between Kerr beam self-cleaning and Raman beam cleanup in a multimode air-silica microstructure optical fiber. Kerr beam self-cleaning of the pump is observed for a certain range of input powers only. Raman Stokes beam generation and cleanup lead to both depletion and degradation of beam quality for the pump. The interplay of modal four-wave mixing and Raman scattering in the infrared domain lead to the generation of a multimode supercontinuum ranging from 500 nm up to 1800 nm.
A global conformal extension theorem for perfect fluid Bianchi space-times
Creators: name: Lübbe, Christian
name: Tod, Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A global extension theorem is established for isotropic singularities in polytropic perfect fluid Bianchi space-times. When an extension is possible, the limiting behaviour of the physical space-time near the singularity is analysed.
description: 13 pages, no figures, revised and shortened, improved proof of main theorem, some corrections
Well-posedness of Hamilton-Jacobi equations in population dynamics and applications to large deviations
Creators: name: Kraaij, Richard C.
name: Mahé, Louis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 49L25, 60F10, 60J80, 92D25

description: We prove Freidlin-Wentzell type large deviation principles for various rescaled models in populations dynamics that have immigration and possibly harvesting: birth-death processes, Galton-Watson trees, epidemic SI models, and prey-predator models. The proofs are carried out using a general analytic approach based on the well-posedness of a class of associated Hamilton-Jacobi equations. The notable feature for these Hamilton-Jacobi equations is that the Hamiltonian can be discontinuous at the boundary. We prove a well-posedness result for a large class of Hamilton-Jacobi equations corresponding to one-dimensional models, and give partial results for the multi-dimensional setting.
Non-Hermitian Euclidean random matrix theory
Creators: name: Goetschy, A.
name: Skipetrov, S. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a theory for the eigenvalue density of arbitrary non-Hermitian Euclidean matrices. Closed equations for the resolvent and the eigenvector correlator are derived. The theory is applied to the random Green's matrix relevant to wave propagation in an ensemble of point-like scattering centers. This opens a new perspective in the study of wave diffusion, Anderson localization, and random lasing.
description: 11 pages, 9 figures
Explainable Recommendation: A Survey and New Perspectives
Creators: name: Zhang, Yongfeng
name: Chen, Xu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Explainable recommendation attempts to develop models that generate not only high-quality recommendations but also intuitive explanations. The explanations may either be post-hoc or directly come from an explainable model (also called interpretable or transparent model in some contexts). Explainable recommendation tries to address the problem of why: by providing explanations to users or system designers, it helps humans to understand why certain items are recommended by the algorithm, where the human can either be users or system designers. Explainable recommendation helps to improve the transparency, persuasiveness, effectiveness, trustworthiness, and satisfaction of recommendation systems. It also facilitates system designers for better system debugging. In recent years, a large number of explainable recommendation approaches -- especially model-based methods -- have been proposed and applied in real-world systems. In this survey, we provide a comprehensive review for the explainable recommendation research. We first highlight the position of explainable recommendation in recommender system research by categorizing recommendation problems into the 5W, i.e., what, when, who, where, and why. We then conduct a comprehensive survey of explainable recommendation on three perspectives: 1) We provide a chronological research timeline of explainable recommendation. 2) We provide a two-dimensional taxonomy to classify existing explainable recommendation research. 3) We summarize how explainable recommendation applies to different recommendation tasks. We also devote a chapter to discuss the explanation perspectives in broader IR and AI/ML research. We end the survey by discussing potential future directions to promote the explainable recommendation research area and beyond.
description: 101 pages, published in Foundations and Trends in Information Retrieval, 14(1), pp.1-101 (2020)
Markov chain Monte Carlo population synthesis of single radio pulsars in the Galaxy
Creators: name: Cieślar, Marek
name: Bulik, Tomasz
name: Osłowski, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a model of evolution of solitary neutron stars, including spin parameters, magnetic field decay, motion in the Galactic potential and birth inside spiral arms. We use two parametrizations of the radio-luminosity law and model the radio selection effects. Dispersion measure is estimated from the recent model of free electron distribution in the Galaxy (YMW16). Model parameters are optimized using the Markov Chain Monte Carlo technique. The preferred model has a short decay scale of the magnetic field of 4.27 +0.4 -0.38 Myr. However, it has non-negligible correlation with parameters describing the pulsar radio luminosity. Based on the best-fit model, we predict that the Square Kilometre Array surveys will increase the population of known single radio pulsars by between 23 and 137 per cent. The Indri code used for simulations is publicly available to facilitate future population synthesis efforts.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Phonetic category recalibration : What are the categories?
Creators: name: Reinisch, Eva
name: Wozny, David R.
name: Mitterer, Holger
name: Holt, Lori
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: 170199 Psychology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Listeners use lexical or visual context information to recalibrate auditory speech perception. After hearing an ambiguous auditory stimulus between /aba/ and /ada/ coupled with a clear visual stimulus (e.g., lip closure in /aba/), an ambiguous auditory-only stimulus is perceived in line with the previously seen visual stimulus. What remains unclear, however, is what exactly listeners are recalibrating: phonemes, phone sequences, or acoustic cues. To address this question we tested generalization of visually-guided auditory recalibration to (1) the same phoneme contrast cued differently (i.e., /aba/-/ada/ vs. /ibi/-/idi/ where the main cues are formant transitions in the vowels vs. burst and frication of the obstruent), (2) a different phoneme contrast cued identically (/aba/-/ada/ vs. /ama/-/ana/ both cued by formant transitions in the vowels), and (3) the same phoneme contrast with the same cues in a different acoustic context (/aba/-/ada/ vs. /ubu/-/udu/). Whereas recalibration was robust for all recalibration control trials, no generalization was found in any of the experiments. This suggests that perceptual recalibration may be more specific than previously thought as it appears to be restricted to the phoneme category experienced during exposure as well as to the specific manipulated acoustic cues. We suggest that recalibration affects context-dependent sub-lexical units.
Two-photon driven Kerr resonator for quantum annealing with three-dimensional circuit QED
Creators: name: Zhao, Peng
name: Jin, Zhenchuan
name: Xu, Peng
name: Tan, Xinsheng
name: Yu, Haifeng
name: Yu, Yang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a realizable circuit QED architecture for engineering states of a superconducting resonator off-resonantly coupled to an ancillary superconducting qubit. The qubit-resonator dispersive interaction together with a microwave drive applied to the qubit gives rise to a Kerr resonator with two-photon driving that enables us to efficiently engineer the quantum state of the resonator such as generation of the Schrodinger cat states for resonator-based universal quantum computation. Moreover, the presented architecture is easily scalable for solving optimization problem mapped into the Ising spin glass model, and thus served as a platform for quantum annealing. Although various scalable architecture with superconducting qubits have been proposed for realizing quantum annealer, the existing annealers are currently limited to the coherent time of the qubits. Here, based on the protocol for realizing two-photon driven Kerr resonator in three-dimensional circuit QED (3D cQED), we propose a flexible and scalable hardware for implementing quantum annealer that combines the advantage of the long coherence times attainable in 3D cQED and the recently proposed resonator based Lechner-Hauke-Zoller (LHZ) scheme. In the proposed resonator based LHZ annealer, each spin is encoded in the subspace formed by two coherent state of 3D microwave superconducting resonator with opposite phase, and thus the fully-connected Ising model is mapped onto the network of the resonator with local tunable three-resonator interaction. This hardware architecture provides a promising physical platform for realizing quantum annealer with improved coherence.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures
Spectroscopic Observations of the Outflowing Wind in the Lensed Quasar SDSS J1001+5027
Creators: name: Misawa, Toru
name: Inada, Naohisa
name: Oguri, Masamune
name: Charlton, Jane C.
name: Eracleous, Michael
name: Koyamada, Suzuka
name: Itoh, Daisuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We performed spectroscopic observations of the small-separation lensed quasar SDSS J1001+5027, whose images have an angular separation $θ\sim 2.^{\!\!\prime\prime}86$, and placed constraints on the physical properties of gas clouds in the vicinity of the quasar (i.e., in the outflowing wind launched from the accretion disk). The two cylinders of sight to the two lensed images go through the same region of the outflowing wind and they become fully separated with no overlap at a very large distance from the source ($\sim 330$ pc). We discovered a clear difference in the profile of the CIV broad absorption line (BAL) detected in the two lensed images in two observing epochs. Because the kinematic components in the BAL profile do not vary in concert, the observed variations cannot be reproduced by a simple change of ionization state. If the variability is due to gas motion around the background source (i.e., the continuum source), the corresponding rotational velocity is $v_{rot}\geq 18,000$ km/s, and their distance from the source is $r\leq 0.06$ pc assuming Keplerian motion. Among three MgII and three CIV NAL systems that we detected in the spectra, only the MgII system at $z_{abs} = 0.8716$ shows a hint of variability in its MgI profile on a rest-frame time scale of $Δt_{rest}$ $\leq 191$ days and an obvious velocity shear between the sightlines whose physical separation is $\sim 7$ kpc. We interpret this as the result of motion of a cosmologically intervening absorber, perhaps located in a foreground galaxy.
description: 15 pages, including 7 figures; accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
Word Reordering in Statistical Machine Translation with a POS-Based Distortion Model
Creators: name: Rottmann, Kay
name: Vogel, Stephan
Publisher: name: University of Skövde
Year: 2007

description: In this paper we describe a word reordering strategy for statistical machine translation that reorders the source side based on Part of Speech (POS) information. Reordering rules are learned from the word aligned corpus. Reordering is integrated into the decoding process by constructing a lattice, which contains all word reorderings according to the reordering rules. Probabilities are assigned to the different reorderings. On this lattice monotone decoding is performed. This reordering strategy is compared with our previous reordering strategy, which looks at all permutations within a sliding window. We extend reordering rules by adding context information. Phrase translation pairs are learned from the original corpus and from a reordered source corpus to better capture the reordered word sequences at decoding time. Results are presented for English → Spanish and German ↔ English translations, using the European Parliament Plenary Sessions corpus.
A quantum group for the Einstein's equations
Creators: name: Iurato, Giuseppe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we expose the construction of a possible, simple quantum matrix group (according to Woronowicz), related to elementary formal aspects of the Einstein field equations of General Relativity, and its possible symmetries.
$E_8$ and the average size of the 3-Selmer group of the Jacobian of a pointed genus-2 curve
Creators: name: Romano, Beth
name: Thorne, Jack A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove that the average size of the 3-Selmer group of a genus-2 curve with a marked Weierstrass point is 4.
description: Accepted version
Hard thermal loops in the real-time formalism
Creators: name: Caron-Huot, Simon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a systematic discussion of Braaten and Pisarski's hard thermal loop (HTL) effective theory within the framework of the real-time (Schwinger-Keldysh) formalism. As is well known, the standard imaginary-time HTL amplitudes for hot gauge theory express the polarization of a medium made out of nonabelian charged point-particles; we show that the complete real-time HTL theory includes, in addition, a second set of amplitudes which account for Gaussian fluctuations in the charge distributions, but nothing else. We give a concise set of graphical rules which generate both set of functions, and discuss its relation to classical plasma physics.
description: 14 pages, 6 figures
Null Geodesics and Wave Front Singularities in the Godel Space-time
Creators: name: Kling, Thomas
name: Roebuck, Kevin
name: Grotzke, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore wave fronts of null geodesics in the Godel metric emitted from point sources both at, and away from, the origin. For constant time wave fronts emitted by sources away from the origin, we find cusp ridges as well as blue sky metamorphoses where spatially disconnected portions of the wave front appear, connect to the main wave front, and then later break free and vanish. These blue sky metamorphoses in the constant time wave fronts highlight the non-causal features of the Godel metric. We introduce a concept of physical distance along the null geodesics, and show that for wave fronts of constant physical distance, the reorganization of the points making up the wave front leads to the removal of cusp ridges.
A note on the post-Newtonian limit of quasi-local energy expressions
Creators: name: Frauendiener, Jörg
name: Szabados, László B
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An `effective' quasi-local energy expression, motivated by the (relativistically corrected) Newtonian theory, is introduced in exact GR as the volume integral of all the source terms in the field equation for the Newtonian potential in static spacetimes. In particular, we exhibit a new post-Newtonian correction in the source term in the field equation for the Newtonian gravitational potential. In asymptotically flat spacetimes this expression tends to the ADM energy at the spatial infinity as a {\em monotonically decreasing} set function. We prove its positivity in spherically symmetric spacetimes under certain energy conditions, and that its vanishing characterizes flatness. We argue that any physically acceptable quasi-local energy expression should behave qualitatively like this `effective' energy expression in this limit.
description: final version, 12 pages, The last sentence of subsection 2.2, giving the quasi-local energy in the relativistically corrected Newtonian theory, is corrected
Quittung über freiwilligen Druckkostenvorschuß
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 1821
Subjects: subject: 090

description: Druckkostenvorschuß für die Zeitschrift für die Wissenschaft des Judentums
Event-based Moving Object Detection and Tracking
Creators: name: Mitrokhin, Anton
name: Fermuller, Cornelia
name: Parameshwara, Chethan
name: Aloimonos, Yiannis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Event-based vision sensors, such as the Dynamic Vision Sensor (DVS), are ideally suited for real-time motion analysis. The unique properties encompassed in the readings of such sensors provide high temporal resolution, superior sensitivity to light and low latency. These properties provide the grounds to estimate motion extremely reliably in the most sophisticated scenarios but they come at a price - modern event-based vision sensors have extremely low resolution and produce a lot of noise. Moreover, the asynchronous nature of the event stream calls for novel algorithms. This paper presents a new, efficient approach to object tracking with asynchronous cameras. We present a novel event stream representation which enables us to utilize information about the dynamic (temporal) component of the event stream, and not only the spatial component, at every moment of time. This is done by approximating the 3D geometry of the event stream with a parametric model; as a result, the algorithm is capable of producing the motion-compensated event stream (effectively approximating egomotion), and without using any form of external sensors in extremely low-light and noisy conditions without any form of feature tracking or explicit optical flow computation. We demonstrate our framework on the task of independent motion detection and tracking, where we use the temporal model inconsistencies to locate differently moving objects in challenging situations of very fast motion.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures
Using olive leaves by-products in grazed orchards - Wykorzystanie produktów ubocznych z drzew oliwnych do wypasu
Creators: name: Claudia, Consalvo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Animal husbandry and welfare
waste
coproducts
residues management
olive tree leaves
sheep cheese
fatty acid
Hodowla zwierząt i dobrostan
odpady
produkty uboczne
gospodarka odpadami
liście oliwek
ser owczy
kwasy tłuszczowe

description: Wypas owiec w sadzie pomaga zredukować koszty zabiegów pielęgnacyjnych oraz użycie środków chemicznych. Owce odnoszą korzyść z dostępu do dobrej jakości traw i obniżają w ten sposób koszty koszenia, odchwaszczania oraz kontroli odrostów. W okresach niedoboru pożywienia liście oliwne mogą stanowić cenny suplement obniżający zapotrzebowanie na koncentraty paszowe. U owiec w okresie laktacji spożywanie liści oliwnych poprawia jakość tłuszczu mlekowego w porównaniu do pasz konwencjonalnych. - Olive orchard grazing reduce treatment costs and chemical inputs. Sheep benefit from a good source of grass and so reduce cutting costs of weeds and olive shoots. In periods with food shortages, the olive leaves can supplement their diet reducing concentrate needs. In lactating sheep, feeding with olive leaves leads to an improvement in the quality of milk fat compared to diets based on conventional forages.
INTEGRAL detection of the pulsar wind nebula in PSR J1846-0258
Creators: name: McBride, V. A.
name: Dean, A. J.
name: Bazzano, A.
name: Bird, A. J.
name: Hill, A. B.
name: De Rosa, A.
name: Landi, R.
name: Sguera, V.
name: Malizia, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We communicate the detection of soft (20--200 keV) gamma-rays from the pulsar and pulsar wind nebula of PSR J1846-0258 and aim to identify the component of the system which is responsible for the gamma-ray emission. To pinpoint the source of gamma-ray emission we combine spectral information from the INTEGRAL gamma-ray mission with archival data from the Chandra X-ray Observatory. Our analysis shows that the soft gamma-rays detected from PSR J1846-0258 include emission from both the pulsar and the pulsar wind nebula, but the measured spectral shape is dominated by the pulsar wind nebula. We further discuss PSR J1846-0258 in the context of rotation-powered pulsars with high magnetic field strengths and review the anomalously high fraction of spin-down luminosity converted into X- and gamma-ray emission in light of a possible overestimate of the distance to this pulsar.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in A&A