cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Additional file 4 of Inflammatory indexes are not associated with sarcopenia in Chinese community-dwelling older people: a cross-sectional study
Creators: name: Tianjiao Tang
name: Lingling Xie
name: Lingling Tan
name: Xiaoyi Hu
name: Yang, Ming
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 4 Table S4. Association between PLR, NLR, LMR, CRP, and AWGS 2019-defined sarcopenia according to Logistic Regression Models adjusted for potential confounder.
Causality & holographic entanglement entropy
Creators: name: Headrick, Matthew
name: Hubeny, Veronika E.
name: Lawrence, Albion
name: Rangamani, Mukund
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We identify conditions for the entanglement entropy as a function of spatial region to be compatible with causality in an arbitrary relativistic quantum field theory. We then prove that the covariant holographic entanglement entropy prescription (which relates entanglement entropy of a given spatial region on the boundary to the area of a certain extremal surface in the bulk) obeys these conditions, as long as the bulk obeys the null energy condition. While necessary for the validity of the prescription, this consistency requirement is quite nontrivial from the bulk standpoint, and therefore provides important additional evidence for the prescription. In the process, we introduce a codimension-zero bulk region, named the entanglement wedge, naturally associated with the given boundary spatial region. We propose that the entanglement wedge is the most natural bulk region corresponding to the boundary reduced density matrix.
description: 42 pages, 11 figures. v2: minor clarifications + refs added
Additional file 3 of Development of a measure for patients preparing to start dialysis and their partners: The Starting Dialysis Questionnaire (SDQ)
Creators: name: Moore, Currie
name: Wearden, Alison
name: Lesley-Anne Carter
name: Sandip Mitra
name: Skevington, Suzanne M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 3. Chart showing original questions assessed in cognitive interviews, actions and final questions.
PRESENT STATUS OF THE FRACTESUS PROJECT: ROUND ROBIN ON UNIRRADIATED MATERIALS
Creators: name: G. Bonny
name: E. Altstadt
name: P. Arffman
name: S. Cicero
name: F. Obermeier
name: T. Petit
name: H. Swan
name: J. Aktaa
name: T. Brynk
name: R. Chaouadi
name: E. Gaganidze
name: F. Gillemot
name: B. Hargittai
name: R. Hernández Pascual
name: M. Kolluri
name: R. Kopriva
name: P. Lappalainen
name: M. Li
name: T. Metzler
name: K. Naziris
name: S. Ortner
name: P. Rozsahegyi
name: M. Serrano
name: T. Shinko
name: P. Spätig
name: B. Tanguy
name: I. Uytdenhouwen
name: H. Wilcox
name: M. Yamamoto
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: FRACTESUS
miniature compact tension
master curve
fracture toughness
reactor pressure vessel

description: The present contribution provides a summary of the inter-laboratory round robin on the fracture toughness testing and Master Curve application of unirradiated materials. First, a benchmark was performed on the analysis of a given load displacement curve. Then, a benchmark was performed on the application of the Master Curve procedure on a given data set of fracture toughness results. Finally, the preliminary results of the Master Curve application on MCT specimens by 13 different labs on six different materials (four base and two welds) are presented. The benchmark on fracture toughness data evaluation showed the need for a uniform conversion from front face displacement to load line displacement. The benchmark on application of the Master Curve approach to obtain the reference temperature proved the equivalence between the T0TEM software and in-house developed software. The inter-laboratory round robin showed the equivalence between T0 obtained by MCT and larger specimens, except for A533B JRQ and 73W. The reasons for the deviations of A533B JRQ and 73W are under investigation. As a general comment, it can be stated that the results from MCT specimens often lead to inhomogeneous material as compared to the result from larger specimens. This is likely the consequence of the small sampling volume of the MCT specimens.
description: Open access abstract of PVP2023-105449
Modified Iterative Quantum Amplitude Estimation is Asymptotically Optimal
Creators: name: Fukuzawa, Shion
name: Ho, Christopher
name: Irani, Sandy
name: Zion, Jasen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we provide the first QFT-free algorithm for Quantum Amplitude Estimation (QAE) that is asymptotically optimal while maintaining the leading numerical performance. QAE algorithms appear as a subroutine in many applications for quantum computers. The optimal query complexity achievable by a quantum algorithm for QAE is $O\left(\frac{1}ε\log \frac{1}α\right)$ queries, providing a speedup of a factor of $1/ε$ over any other classical algorithm for the same problem. The original algorithm for QAE utilizes the quantum Fourier transform (QFT) which is expected to be a challenge for near-term quantum hardware. To solve this problem, there has been interest in designing a QAE algorithm that avoids using QFT. Recently, the iterative QAE algorithm (IQAE) was introduced by Grinko et al. with a near-optimal $O\left(\frac{1}ε\log \left(\frac{1}α \log \frac{1}ε\right)\right)$ query complexity and small constant factors. In this work, we combine ideas from the preceding line of work to introduce a QFT-free QAE algorithm that achieves a query complexity upper bound of $\frac{62}ε\ln\frac{6}α$ which matches the optimal $O\left(\frac{1}ε\log \frac{1}α\right)$ query complexity. We supplement our analysis with numerical experiments comparing our performance with IQAE where we find that our modifications retain the high performance, and in some cases even improve the numerical results.
description: 16 pages including Appendix, 14 figures, fixed typo in Lemma 3.7 about numerical query complexity
Interpretations of Racial Colorblindness (Preregistration for data that is planned to be collected during December 2022 – January 2023 on Prolific)
Creators: name: Xing, Alice
name: Ray, Ishika
name: Shoda, Yuichi
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Social Psychology
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences

description: This is a preregistration for data that we will collect via Prolific during December 2022, or January-February 2023 if we run behind.
In vitro to in vivo extrapolation and high-content imaging for simultaneous characterization of chemically induced liver steatosis and markers of hepatotoxicity
Creators: name: Müller, Fabrice A.
name: Stamou, Marianna
name: Englert, Felix H.
name: Frenzel, Ole
name: Diedrich, Sabine
name: Suter-Dick, Laura
name: Wambaugh, John F.
name: Sturla, Shana J.
Publisher: name: Springer
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 500 - Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik

description: Chemically induced steatosis is characterized by lipid accumulation associated with mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress and nucleus distortion. New approach methods integrating in vitro and in silico models are needed to identify chemicals that may induce these cellular events as potential risk factors for steatosis and associated hepatotoxicity. In this study we used high-content imaging for the simultaneous quantification of four cellular markers as sentinels for hepatotoxicity and steatosis in chemically exposed human liver cells in vitro. Furthermore, we evaluated the results with a computational model for the extrapolation of human oral equivalent doses (OED). First, we tested 16 reference chemicals with known capacities to induce cellular alterations in nuclear morphology, lipid accumulation, mitochondrial membrane potential and oxidative stress. Then, using physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling and reverse dosimetry, OEDs were extrapolated from data of any stimulated individual sentinel response. The extrapolated OEDs were confirmed to be within biologically relevant exposure ranges for the reference chemicals. Next, we tested 14 chemicals found in food, selected from thousands of putative chemicals on the basis of structure-based prediction for nuclear receptor activation. Amongst these, orotic acid had an extrapolated OED overlapping with realistic exposure ranges. Thus, we were able to characterize known steatosis-inducing chemicals as well as data-scarce food-related chemicals, amongst which we confirmed orotic acid to induce hepatotoxicity. This strategy addresses needs of next generation risk assessment and can be used as a first chemical prioritization hazard screening step in a tiered approach to identify chemical risk factors for steatosis and hepatotoxicity-associated events.
What racial phrases and sentences mean to different people (Preregistration for data that will be collected September-December 2022)
Creators: name: Xing, Alice
name: Ray, Ishika
name: Shoda, Yuichi
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Social Psychology
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences

description: This is a preregistration for data that we plan to collect during fall quarter (September-December 2022). In this study, we hope to understand why people interpret sentences such as “in general, White Americans are racially prejudiced” in different ways (see the “Sentences with various interpretations” section at the end of this preregistration for the full list), and what demographic variables predict different interpretations. Based on previous qualitative pilot data, we have existence proof that some people see the above quotation as meaning “people have racial prejudice against White Americans”, although most participants see it as meaning “White Americans have racial prejudice against others”. However, we lack the knowledge necessary to make specific hypotheses or to plan specific analyses to understand any trends we document.
Semantics and Non-Fungible Tokens for Copyright Management on the Metaverse and Beyond
Creators: name: García, Roberto
name: Cediel, Ana
name: Teixidó, Mercè
name: Gil, Rosa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recent initiatives related to the Metaverse focus on better visualisation, like augmented or virtual reality, but also persistent digital objects. To guarantee real ownership of these digital objects, open systems based on public blockchains and Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs) are emerging together with a nascent decentralized and open creator economy. To manage this emerging economy in a more organised way, and fight the so common NFT plagiarism, we propose CopyrightLY, a decentralized application for authorship and copyright management. It provides means to claim content authorship, including supporting evidence. Content and metadata are stored in decentralized storage and registered on the blockchain. A token is used to curate these claims, and potential complaints, by staking it on them. Staking is incentivized by the fact that the token is minted using a bonding curve. The tokenomics include the resolution of complaints and enabling the monetization of curated claims. Monetization is achieved through licensing NFTs with metadata enhanced by semantic technologies. Semantic data makes explicit the reuse conditions transferred with the token while keeping the connection to the underlying copyright claims to improve the trustability of the NFTs. Moreover, the semantic metadata is flexible enough to enable licensing not just in the real world. Licenses can refer to reuses in specific locations in a metaverse, thus facilitating the emergence of creative economies in them.
description: 16 pages, 6 figures, 2 listings
Is the relationship between adversity and change in thriving moderated by resilience?
Creators: name: Lewandowski, Felix
name: Blackie, Laura
name: Jayawickreme, Eranda
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Other Psychology
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Personality and Social Contexts
subject: post-traumatic growth
subject: resilience
subject: thriving

description: This study explores how trait resilience moderates the impact of adversity on change in thriving over a 12-month period. We will separately test the moderation effect of the resilience dimensions “Optimal Regulation” and “Openness to Life Experiences” (Alessandri et al., 2012) on the relationship between the number of adverse experiences and change in thriving over a 12-months period. Additionally, a potential 3-way interaction between “Openness to Life Experiences”, “Optimal Regulation” and the number of adverse experiences on change in thriving over a 12-months period will be examined.
Lack of secondary structure characterizes the 5' ends of mammalian mitochondrial mRNAs
Creators: name: Weeks, K. M.
name: Hung, K. T.
name: Spremulli, L. L.
name: Jones, C. N.
name: Wilkinson, K. A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: The mammalian mitochondrial genome encodes 13 proteins, which are synthesized at the direction of nine monocistronic and two dicistronic mRNAs. These mRNAs lack both 5′ and 3′ untranslated regions. The mechanism by which the specialized mitochondrial translational apparatus locates start codons and initiates translation of these leaderless mRNAs is currently unknown. To better understand this mechanism, the secondary structures near the start codons of all 13 open reading frames have been analyzed using RNA SHAPE chemistry. The extent of structure in these mRNAs as assessed experimentally is distinctly lower than would be predicted by current algorithms based on free energy minimization alone. We find that the 5′ ends of all mitochondrial mRNAs are highly unstructured. The first 35 nucleotides for all mitochondrial mRNAs form structures with free energies less favorable than −3 kcal/mol, equal to or less than a single typical base pair. The start codons, which lie at the very 5′ ends of these mRNAs, are accessible within single stranded motifs in all cases, making them potentially poised for ribosome binding. These data are consistent with a model in which the specialized mitochondrial ribosome preferentially allows passage of unstructured 5′ sequences into the mRNA entrance site to participate in translation initiation.
Additional file 1 of Development of a measure for patients preparing to start dialysis and their partners: The Starting Dialysis Questionnaire (SDQ)
Creators: name: Moore, Currie
name: Wearden, Alison
name: Lesley-Anne Carter
name: Sandip Mitra
name: Skevington, Suzanne M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Initial questions by theme and code.
Entanglement harvesting of accelerated detectors versus static ones in a thermal bath
Creators: name: Liu, Zhihong
name: Zhang, Jialin
name: Yu, Hongwei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We make a detailed comparison between entanglement harvesting for uniformly accelerated detectors in vacuum and static ones in a thermal bath at the Unruh temperature and find that, for a small energy gap relative to the Heisenberg energy of the detectors, static detectors in the thermal bath can harvest more entanglement and possess a comparatively larger harvesting-achievable range than the uniformly accelerated ones; however, as the energy gap grows sufficiently large, the uniformly accelerated detectors are instead likely to harvest more entanglement and possess a relatively larger harvesting-achievable range than inertial ones in the thermal bath. In comparison with static detectors in vacuum, there exist phenomena of acceleration-assisted entanglement harvesting but never that of thermal-noise-assisted one. A notably interesting feature is that, although both the amount of entanglement harvested and the harvesting-achievable interdetector separation for static detectors in a thermal bath are always a decreasing function of temperature, they are not always so for uniformly accelerated detectors as acceleration (Unruh temperature) varies, suggesting the existence of the anti-Unruh effect in the entanglement harvesting phenomena of the accelerated detectors.
description: 18 pages, 5 figures
Energy Landscape of the Finite-Size Mean-field 2-Spin Spherical Model and Topology Trivialization
Creators: name: Mehta, Dhagash
name: Hauenstein, Jonathan D.
name: Niemerg, Matthew
name: Simm, Nicholas J.
name: Stariolo, Daniel A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Motivated by the recently observed phenomenon of topology trivialization of potential energy landscapes (PELs) for several statistical mechanics models, we perform a numerical study of the finite size $2$-spin spherical model using both numerical polynomial homotopy continuation and a reformulation via non-hermitian matrices. The continuation approach computes all of the complex stationary points of this model while the matrix approach computes the real stationary points. Using these methods, we compute the average number of stationary points while changing the topology of the PEL as well as the variance. Histograms of these stationary points are presented along with an analysis regarding the complex stationary points. This work connects topology trivialization to two different branches of mathematics: algebraic geometry and catastrophe theory, which is fertile ground for further interdisciplinary research.
description: 9 pages, 17 figures
Lin-28 interaction with the Let-7 precursor loop mediates regulated microRNA processing
Creators: name: Newman, M. A.
name: Thomson, J. M.
name: Hammond, S. M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: A hallmark of mammalian embryonic development is the widespread induction of microRNA (miRNA) expression. Surprisingly, the transcription of many of these small, noncoding RNAs is unchanged through development; rather, a post-transcriptional regulatory event prevents accumulation of the mature miRNA species. Here, we present a biochemical framework for the regulated production of the Let-7 family of miRNAs. Embryonic cells contain a Drosha Inhibitor that prevents processing of the Let-7 primary transcript. This inhibitor specifically binds to conserved nucleotides in the loop region of the Let-7 precursor, and competitor RNAs that mimic the binding site restore Let-7 processing. We have identified the Drosha Inhibitor as the embryonic stem cell specific protein Lin-28. Lin-28 has been previously implicated in developmental regulatory pathways in Caenorhabditis elegans, and it promotes reprogramming of human somatic cells into pluripotent stem cells. Our findings outline a microRNA post-transcriptional regulatory network and establish a novel role for the miRNA precursor loop in the regulated production of mature Let-7.
One Year of COVID-19 Vaccine Misinformation on Twitter: Longitudinal Study
Creators: name: Pierri, Francesco
name: DeVerna, Matthew R.
name: Yang, Kai-Cheng
name: Axelrod, David
name: Bryden, John
name: Menczer, Filippo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Vaccinations play a critical role in mitigating the impact of COVID-19 and other diseases. This study explores COVID-19 vaccine misinformation circulating on Twitter during 2021, when vaccines were being released to the public in an effort to mitigate the global pandemic. Our findings show a low prevalence of low-credibility information compared to mainstream news. However, most popular low-credibility sources had larger reshare volumes than authoritative sources such as the CDC and WHO. We observed an increasing trend in the prevalence of low-credibility news relative to mainstream news about vaccines. We also observed a considerable amount of suspicious YouTube videos shared on Twitter. Tweets by a small group of about 800 "superspreaders" verified by Twitter accounted for approximately 35% of all reshares of misinformation on the average day, with the top superspreader (@RobertKennedyJr) responsible for over 13% of retweets. Low-credibility news and suspicious YouTube videos were more likely to be shared by automated accounts. Our findings are consistent with the hypothesis that superspreaders are driven by financial incentives that allow them to profit from health misinformation. Despite high-profile cases of deplatformed misinformation superspreaders, our results show that in 2021 a few individuals still played an outsize role in the spread of low-credibility vaccine content. Social media policies should consider revoking the verified status of repeat-spreaders of harmful content, especially during public health crises.
description: Forthcoming/in press in JMIR
Optical and Near-Infrared UBVRIJHK Photometry for the RR Lyrae stars in the Nearby Globular Cluster M4 (NGC 6121)
Creators: name: Stetson, P. B.
name: Braga, V. F.
name: Dall'Ora, M.
name: Bono, G.
name: Buonanno, R.
name: Ferraro, I.
name: Iannicola, G.
name: Marengo, M.
name: Neeley, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present optical and near-infrared UBVRIJHK photometry of stars in the Galactic globular cluster M4 (NGC 6121) based upon a large corpus of observations obtained mainly from public astronomical archives. We concentrate on the RR Lyrae variable stars in the cluster, and make a particular effort to accurately reidentify the previously discovered variables. We have also discovered two new probable RR Lyrae variables in the M4 field: one of them by its position on the sky and its photometric properties is a probable member of the cluster, and the second is a probable background (bulge?) object. We provide accurate equatorial coordinates for all 47 stars identified as RR Lyraes, new photometric measurements for 46 of them, and new period estimates for 45. We have also derived accurate positions and mean photometry for 34 more stars previously identified as variable stars of other types, and for an additional five non-RR Lyrae variable stars identified for the first time here. We present optical and near-infrared color-magnitude diagrams for the cluster and show the locations of the variable stars in them. We present the Bailey (period-amplitude) diagrams and the period-frequency histogram for the RR Lyrae stars in M4 and compare them to the corresponding diagrams for M5 (NGC 5904). We conclude that the RR Lyrae populations in the two clusters are quite similar in all the relevant properties that we have considered. The mean periods, pulsation-mode ratios, and Bailey diagrams of these two clusters show support for the recently proposed "Oosterhoff-neutral" classification.
description: 33 pages, 16 figures, 7 tables
Nutritional Considerations for Elite Golf: A Narrative Review
Creators: name: Berlin, Nicholas
name: Cooke, Matthew
name: Belski, Regina
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 320225
subject: Sports medicine
classificationCode: 3210
subject: Nutrition and dietetics

description: Golf is predominantly a skill-based sport where technical aspects are regarded as a priority area for improving performance. At present, most of the existing literature has focused on improving a player’s physicality, endurance and technical attributes in an effort to enhance performance. While important, the role of nutrition in elite golf has received little attention to date. The energy demands of the sport can vary depending on the level of the individual (recreational–professional), with distances of up to 20 km being covered and the time spent on the course ranging approximately 4–8 h each day. Like other sports, a focus on pre-game, during and post-game nutrition, including hydration, is integral to ensuring that individuals are adequately fuelled, hydrated and optimally recovered. For the elite athletes who travel extensively to international tournaments, it is important to understand the additional impact of travel on the body and consider the role nutrition can play in preventing illness and ensuring minimal disruption to golf performance. Lastly, the role of dietary supplements to enhance the performance of golfers is also important to consider. This review aims to consolidate the findings of the existing research focusing on nutrition strategies for golf performance and identify areas for potential future research.
Quantum measurement of spins and magnets, and the classical limit of PR-boxes
Creators: name: Gisin, Nicolas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When Alice measures all her spin-$\half$ of a large ensemble of $N$ singlets, all along the same direction $\vec a$, she prepares at a distance an ensemble of spins for Bob which, because of statistical fluctuations, have a magnetic moment of the order $\sqrt{N}$. By making $N$ large enough, this magnetic moment can be made arbitrarily large. We show that, nevertheless, Bob can't read out of this large magnetic moment Alice's choice of measurement direction $\vec a$. We also consider stronger than quantum correlations and show that Tsirelson's bound follows from the physical assumption that in the macroscopic limit all measurements are compatible and that this should not lead to signaling.
description: Talk presented at the European Chist-Era DIQIP project meeting in May 2013. 5 pages
Chance and Randomness in Behavior and Thought
Creators: name: Brugger, Peter
name: Kesseli, Christophe
name: Saetta, Gianluca
name: Lenggenhager, Bigna
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cognitive Psychology
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Cognition and Perception
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences

description: Chance and Randomness in Behavior and Thought. Human subjects can neither perceive chance nor generate sequences that are random in the mathematical sense. While chance and randomness cannot be perceived on logical grounds (Chaitin, 1975; Lopes, 1982), the inability to generate a random sequence of alternatives is due to frontal executive functions that prevent the complete forgetting of previously generated alternatives and their interference on the current response (Geisseler et al., 2016). The present online experiment explores the relationships between healthy subjects’ perception of patterns in apparently random displays and their attempt to generate a random number sequence. The influence of questionnaire-assessed personality characteristics on both perceptual and generative tasks is also assessed. Finally, one purpose of the present experiment is to collect normative data on the 12-item “How Easy” Task, which was originally created as a clinical tool for the assessment of an individual Parkinsonian patient’s proneness to develop hallucinations or pareidolias on dopaminergic medication (Uchiyama et al., 2015).
A grounded perspective on New Early Dark Energy using ACT, SPT, and BICEP/Keck
Creators: name: Cruz, Juan S.
name: Niedermann, Florian
name: Sloth, Martin S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine further the ability of the New Early Dark Energy model (NEDE) to resolve the current tension between the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) and local measurements of $H_0$ and the consequences for inflation. We perform new Bayesian analyses, including the current datasets from the ground-based CMB telescopes Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT), the South Pole Telescope (SPT), and the BICEP/Keck telescopes, employing an updated likelihood for the local measurements coming from the S$H_0$ES collaboration. Using the S$H_0$ES prior on $H_0$, the combined analysis with Baryonic Acoustic Oscillations (BAO), Pantheon, Planck and ACT improves the best-fit by $Δχ^2 = -15.9$ with respect to $Λ$CDM, favors a non-zero fractional contribution of NEDE, $f_{\rm NEDE} > 0$, by $4.8σ$, and gives a best-fit value for the Hubble constant of $H_0 = 72.09$ km/s/Mpc (mean $71.48_{-0.81}^{+0.79}$ with $68\%$ C.L.). A similar analysis using SPT instead of ACT yields consistent results with a $Δχ^2 = - 23.1$ over $Λ$CDM, a preference for non-zero $f_{\rm NEDE}$ of $4.7σ$ and a best-fit value of $H_0=71.77$ km/s/Mpc (mean $71.43_{-0.84}^{+0.84}$ with $68\%$ C.L.). We also provide the constraints on the inflation parameters $r$ and $n_s$ coming from NEDE, including the BICEP/Keck 2018 data, and show that the allowed upper value on the tensor-scalar ratio is consistent with the $Λ$CDM bound, but, as also originally found, with a more blue scalar spectrum implying that the simplest curvaton model is now favored over the Starobinsky inflation model.
description: 32 pages, 10 figures, 14 tables, Journal version -- updated all figures and text with minor changes, conclusions unchanged
Explicit Gross-Zagier and Waldspurger Formulae
Creators: name: Cai, Li
name: Shu, Jie
name: Tian, Ye
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We give an explicit form of Gross-Zagier formula on Shimura Curves and an explicit form of Waldspurger formula.
Testing for Dependence in Non-gaussian Time Series Data
Creators: name: McCabe, B.P.M.
name: Martin, Gael M.
name: Freeland, R.K.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: This paper provides a general methodology for testing for dependence in time series data, with particular emphasis given to non-Gaussian data. A dynamic model is postulated for a continuous latent variable and the dynamic structure transferred to the non-Gaussian, possibly discrete, observations. Locally most powerful tests for various forms of dependence are derived, based on an approximate likelihood function. Invariance to the distribution adopted for the data, conditional on the latent process, is shown to hold in certain cases. The tests are applied to various financial data sets, and Monte Carlo experiments used to gauge their finite sample properties.
Additional file 4 of Development of a measure for patients preparing to start dialysis and their partners: The Starting Dialysis Questionnaire (SDQ)
Creators: name: Moore, Currie
name: Wearden, Alison
name: Lesley-Anne Carter
name: Sandip Mitra
name: Skevington, Suzanne M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 4. Final pre-dialysis versions (patient and partner) of the Starting Dialysis Questionnaire.
Quantitative theory of backscattering in topological HgTe and (Hg,Mn)Te quantum wells: acceptor states, Kondo effect, precessional dephasing, and bound magnetic polaron
Creators: name: Dietl, Tomasz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the theory and numerical evaluations of the backscattering rate determined by acceptor holes or Mn spins in HgTe and (Hg,Mn)Te quantum wells in the quantum spin Hall regime. The role of anisotropic s-p and sp-d exchange interactions, Kondo coupling, Luttinger liquid effects, precessional dephasing, and bound magnetic polarons is quantified. The determined magnitude and temperature dependence of conductance are in accord with experimental results for HgTe and (Hg,Mn)Te quantum wells.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures, companion paper to arXiv:2206.01613, Phys. Rev. Lett. 130, 086202 (2023).; v2 contains modifications resulting from the review process
HST Emission Line Galaxies at z ~ 2: The Ly-alpha Escape Fraction
Creators: name: Ciardullo, Robin
name: Zeimann, Gregory
name: Gronwall, Caryl
name: Gebhardt, Henry
name: Schneider, Donald P.
name: Hagen, Alex
name: Malz, A. I.
name: Blanc, Guillermo A.
name: Hill, Gary J.
name: Drory, Niv
name: Gawiser, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compare the H-beta line strengths of 1.90 < z < 2.35 star-forming galaxies observed with the near-IR grism of the Hubble Space Telescope with ground-based measurements of Ly-alpha from the HETDEX Pilot Survey and narrow-band imaging. By examining the line ratios of 73 galaxies, we show that most star-forming systems at this epoch have a Ly-alpha escape fraction below ~6%. We confirm this result by using stellar reddening to estimate the effective logarithmic extinction of the H-beta emission line (c_Hbeta = 0.5) and measuring both the H-beta and Ly-alpha luminosity functions in a ~ 100,000 cubic Mpc volume of space. We show that in our redshift window, the volumetric Ly-alpha escape fraction is at most 4.4+/-2.1(1.2)%, with an additional systematic ~25% uncertainty associated with our estimate of extinction. Finally, we demonstrate that the bulk of the epoch's star-forming galaxies have Ly-alpha emission line optical depths that are significantly greater than that for the underlying UV continuum. In our predominantly [O~III] 5007-selected sample of galaxies, resonant scattering must be important for the escape of Ly-alpha photons.
description: 14 pages, 3 figures, Accepted to ApJ
Sunspot Waves and Triggering of Homologous Active Region Jets
Creators: name: Chandra, Ramesh
name: Gupta, G. R.
name: Mulay, Sargam
name: Tripathi, Durgesh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present and discuss multi-wavelength observations of five homologous recurrent solar jets that occurred in active region NOAA 11133 on 11 December, 2010. These jets were well observed by the Solar Dynamic observatory (SDO) with high spatial and temporal resolution. The speed of the jets ranged between 86 and 267 km/s. A type III radio burst was observed in association with all the five jets. The investigation of the over all evolution of magnetic field in the source regions suggested that the flux was continuously emerging on longer term. However, all the jets but J5 were triggered during a local dip in the magnetic flux, suggesting the launch of the jets during localised submergence of magnetic flux. Additionally, using the PFSS modelling of the photospheric magnetic field, we found that all the jets were ejected in the direction of open field lines. We also traced sunspot oscillations from the sunspot interior to foot-point of jets and found presence of ~ 3 minute oscillations in all the SDO/AIA passbands. The wavelet analysis revealed an increase in amplitude of the oscillations just before the trigger of the jets, that decreased after the jets were triggered. The observations of increased amplitude of the oscillation and its subsequent decrease provides evidence of wave-induced reconnection triggering the jets.
description: 9 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Autonomous Learning by Simple Dynamical Systems with Delayed Feedbacks
Creators: name: Kaluza, Pablo
name: Mikhailov, Alexander S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A general scheme for construction of dynamical systems able to learn generation of the desired kinds of dynamics through adjustment of their internal structure is proposed. The scheme involves intrinsic time-delayed feedback to steer the dynamics towards the target performance. As an example, a system of coupled phase oscillators, which can by changing the weights of connections between its elements evolve to a dynamical state with the prescribed (low or high) synchronization level, is considered and investigated.
Additional file 2 of Development of a measure for patients preparing to start dialysis and their partners: The Starting Dialysis Questionnaire (SDQ)
Creators: name: Moore, Currie
name: Wearden, Alison
name: Lesley-Anne Carter
name: Sandip Mitra
name: Skevington, Suzanne M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2. Developing versions of the Starting Dialysis Questionnaire.
CompatibilityProject
Creators: name: Block, Katharina
name: olsson, maria
name: Schmader, Toni
name: Van Grootel, Sanne
name: Meeussen, Loes
name: Martiny, Sarah
name: Schuster, Carolin
name: van Laar, Colette
name: Croft, Alyssa
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social Psychology
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Multicultural Psychology

description: We hereby pre-register the following project, a detailed pre-registration plan file is attached.
Labelling high status women with masculine references
Creators: name: SWANG
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences

description: A noteworthy phenomenon has emerged in recent years in China. When confronted with certain kinds of women, people often label them with masculine references, such as “gē” (“brother” in English) or “nǚ hàn zi” (literally translated as “female man” in English). What are the function and mechanism behind the tendency to use masculine references?
Sparse Generalized Eigenvalue Problem via Smooth Optimization
Creators: name: Song, Junxiao
name: Babu, Prabhu
name: Palomar, Daniel P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we consider an $\ell_{0}$-norm penalized formulation of the generalized eigenvalue problem (GEP), aimed at extracting the leading sparse generalized eigenvector of a matrix pair. The formulation involves maximization of a discontinuous nonconcave objective function over a nonconvex constraint set, and is therefore computationally intractable. To tackle the problem, we first approximate the $\ell_{0}$-norm by a continuous surrogate function. Then an algorithm is developed via iteratively majorizing the surrogate function by a quadratic separable function, which at each iteration reduces to a regular generalized eigenvalue problem. A preconditioned steepest ascent algorithm for finding the leading generalized eigenvector is provided. A systematic way based on smoothing is proposed to deal with the "singularity issue" that arises when a quadratic function is used to majorize the nondifferentiable surrogate function. For sparse GEPs with special structure, algorithms that admit a closed-form solution at every iteration are derived. Numerical experiments show that the proposed algorithms match or outperform existing algorithms in terms of computational complexity and support recovery.
EmPra 2022: Induktion sozialer Nähe und Affiliationsziele - Fokus AV Attraktivität
Creators: name: Schuchardt, Wiebke
name: Rühs, Farina
name: Albarazi, Hiba
name: Peper, Sophia
name: von Behren, Magnus
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Preregistrierung mit dem Fokus AV Attraktivität für die Studie Induktion sozialer Nähe und Affiliationsziele. Dieses Experiment wird im Rahmen des empirisch-experimentellen Praktikums an der Uni Hildesheim im Sommersemester 2022 durchgeführt.
ShapeFinder: A software system for high-throughput quantitative analysis of nucleic acid reactivity information resolved by capillary electrophoresis
Creators: name: Giddings, M. C.
name: Weeks, K. M.
name: Vasa, S. M.
name: Wilkinson, K. A.
name: Guex, N.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Analysis of the long-range architecture of RNA is a challenging experimental and computational problem. Local nucleotide flexibility, which directly reports underlying base pairing and tertiary interactions in an RNA, can be comprehensively assessed at single nucleotide resolution using high-throughput selective 2′-hydroxyl acylation analyzed by primer extension (hSHAPE). hSHAPE resolves structure-sensitive chemical modification information by high-resolution capillary electrophoresis and typically yields quantitative nucleotide flexibility information for 300–650 nucleotides (nt) per experiment. The electropherograms generated in hSHAPE experiments provide a wealth of structural information; however, significant algorithmic analysis steps are required to generate quantitative and interpretable data. We have developed a set of software tools called ShapeFinder to make possible rapid analysis of raw sequencer data from hSHAPE, and most other classes of nucleic acid reactivity experiments. The algorithms in ShapeFinder (1) convert measured fluorescence intensity to quantitative cDNA fragment amounts, (2) correct for signal decay over read lengths extending to 600 nts or more, (3) align reactivity data to the known RNA sequence, and (4) quantify per nucleotide reactivities using whole-channel Gaussian integration. The algorithms and user interface tools implemented in ShapeFinder create new opportunities for tackling ambitious problems involving high-throughput analysis of structure–function relationships in large RNAs.
Oxygen regulator : Medical control system
Creators: name: Fuchs, Collin
name: Roberts, Nathaniel
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2019

description: The purpose of this design project was to develop a control loop system in which a user's
oxygen saturation level can be regulated. This control loop allows blood oxygen content to be
regulated and kept at a stable level. The system checks a user's saturation level on site and
corrects it by delivering oxygen gas if levels are low by operating a solenoid valve. The flow of
oxygen will be directed to a wearable mask. The additional oxygen is added to the air that is
already available through the mask when the user breaths in. Great care must be taken to ensure
that the oxygen within the system does not combust, as well as preventing the system from
delivering toxic amounts of the oxygen to the user. The results of this experiment yielded a quick
response time from the solenoid valve whenever the oxygen data indicated low levels, moderate
response time of the controller to calculate proper oximetry data received from measuring
instruments, a need for proper calibration of the measuring instrument in order to receive
accurate data, and electrical safety indicated by the design specifications. This design will need
further testing beyond the scope of this project to be considered ready for human trials.
Sm protein methylation is dispensable for snRNP assembly in Drosophila melanogaster
Creators: name: Gonsalvez, G. B.
name: Praveen, K.
name: Tian, L.
name: Matera, A. G.
name: Hicks, A. J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Sm proteins form stable ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complexes with small nuclear (sn)RNAs and are core components of the eukaryotic spliceosome. In vivo, the assembly of Sm proteins onto snRNAs requires the survival motor neurons (SMN) complex. Several reports have shown that SMN protein binds with high affinity to symmetric dimethylarginine (sDMA) residues present on the C-terminal tails of SmB, SmD1, and SmD3. This post-translational modification is thought to play a crucial role in snRNP assembly. In human cells, two distinct protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMT5 and PRMT7) are required for snRNP biogenesis. However, in Drosophila, loss of Dart5 (the fruit fly PRMT5 ortholog) has little effect on snRNP assembly, and homozygous mutants are completely viable. To resolve these apparent differences, we examined this topic in detail and found that Drosophila Sm proteins are also methylated by two methyltransferases, Dart5/PRMT5 and Dart7/PRMT7. Unlike dart5, we found that dart7 is an essential gene. However, the lethality associated with loss of Dart7 protein is apparently unrelated to defects in snRNP assembly. To conclusively test the requirement for sDMA modification of Sm proteins in Drosophila snRNP assembly, we constructed a fly strain that exclusively expresses an isoform of SmD1 that cannot be sDMA modified. Interestingly, these flies were viable, and snRNP assays revealed no defects in comparison to wild type. In contrast, dart5 mutants displayed a strong synthetic lethal phenotype in the presence of a hypomorphic Smn mutation. We therefore conclude that dart5 is required for viability when SMN is limiting.