cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Even SIMP miracles are possible
Creators: name: Chu, Xiaoyong
name: Nikolic, Marco
name: Pradler, Josef
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Strongly interacting massive particles $π$ have been advocated as prominent dark matter candidates when they regulate their relic abundance through odd-numbered $3 π\to2π$ annihilation. We show that successful freeze-out may also be achieved through even-numbered interactions $X X \to ππ$ once bound states $X$ among the particles of the low-energy spectrum exist. In addition, $X$-formation hosts the potential of also catalyzing odd-numbered $3 π\to2π$ annihilation processes, turning them into effective two-body processes $πX \to ππ$. Bound states are often a natural consequence of strongly interacting theories. We calculate the dark matter freeze-out and comment on the cosmic viability and possible extensions. Candidate theories can encompass confining sectors without a mass gap, glueball dark matter, or $ϕ^3$ and $ϕ^4$ theories with strong Yukawa or self-interactions.
description: 6 pages (+ 11 pages supplementary materials), full parameter scan included, to match the published version
BioXSD | BioJSON | BioYAML – Towards unified formats for sequences, alignments, features, and annotations
Creators: name: Matúš Kalaš
name: Gundersen, Sveinung
name: Kaján, László
name: Ménager, Hervé
name: Ison, Jon
name: Blanchet, Christophe
name: Pettifer, Steve
name: Lopez, Rodrigo
name: Rapacki, Kristoffer
name: Jonassen, Inge
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2016

description: BioXSD has been developed as a tree-based data model and an exchange format for basic bioinformatics data, centred around a bio-polymer sequence. BioXSD allows integration of diverse features, information, measurements, and inferred values about a biological molecule or its part, annotated with provenance and reliability metadata, ontology concepts, scientific remarks, and conclusions.

BioJSON and BioYAML are the ongoing developments. These exchange formats are based on the same data model as BioXSD, but providing serialisations in JSON and YAML respectively. BioJSON and BioYAML thus enrich the BioXSD family with alternatives to the original XML.

As tree-based data formats, BioXSD, BioJSON, and BioYAML are particularly suitable for programming in object-oriented languages, and for use with web applications and web APIs (Web services), while at the same time allowing a reasonable level of human readability.

BioXSD | BioJSON | BioYAML are developed together with GTrack (the universal tabular format for sequence features), by ELIXIR Norway and an international community of collaborators. The BioXSD | GTrack family is going to support smooth interoperability between these alternative, universal formats, and between the tools that consume or provide them as inputs or outputs.
Effect of continuum states on the double-heavy hadron spectra
Creators: name: Castellà, Jaume Tarrús
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the leading order coupling of double-heavy hadrons to heavy hadron pairs in Born-Oppenheimer effective field theory. We obtain the expressions for the contribution of heavy hadron pairs to the masses and widths of double-heavy hadrons. We apply our result for the specific case of the coupling of the lowest lying heavy hybrids and $D_{(s)}^{(*)}\bar{D}_{(s)}^{(*)}(B_{(s)}^{(*)}\bar{B}_{(s)}^{(*)})$ obtaining a set of selection rules for the decays. We build a model for the coupling potential and compute the corresponding decay widths and the contributions to the mass of the heavy hybrids. We compare our results with the experimental exotic quarkonium spectrum and discuss the most likely experimental candidates for quarkonium hybrids.
description: 20 pages, 4 figures, Journal version
A Computational Model for Ion and Electron Energization during Macroscale Magnetic Reconnection
Creators: name: Yin, Zhiyu
name: Drake, J. F.
name: Swisdak, Marc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A set of equations are developed that extend the macroscale magnetic reconnection simulation model kglobal to include particle ions. The extension from earlier versions of kglobal, which included only particle electrons, requires the inclusion of the inertia of particle ions in the fluid momentum equation, which was not required in the electron-only model. The new equations will facilitate the exploration of the simultaneous non-thermal energization of ions and electrons during magnetic reconnection in macroscale systems. Numerical tests of the propagation of Alfvén waves in a plasma with anisotropic electron and ion pressure are presented to benchmark the new model.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures
Algorithm Development for Controlling Movement of a Robotic Platform by Digital Image Processing
Creators: name: Zapata, Benjamin Andres Huerfano
name: Lopez, Humberto Numpaque
name: Murillo, Cindy Lorena Diaz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The following work shows an algorithm that can process images digitally with the goal of control the movement of a mobile robotic platform in a certain environment. The platform is identified with a specific color, and displacement environment of the platform shift has identified obstacles with different colors, for both cases it worked with the RGB color scale. To obtain the control's movement of the robotic platform, the algorithm was developed in C programming language, and used the Open CV libraries for processing images captured by a video camera on the Dev-platform C + +. The video camera was previously calibrated using ZHANG technique where parameters were obtained focal length and tilt focal pixel. In the algorithm histogram analysis and segmentation of the image were developed, allowing to determine exactly the relative position of the platform with respect to the obstacles and movement strategy to follow.
description: 6 figures,5 pages, in Spanish language
title: Newspaper Column: What Limits Executive Compensation
Creators: name: Nicoson, William J.
Publisher: name: The Connection
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Executive compensation

description: PDF file distilled from original WordPerfect document. Original size 11" x 8.5".
description: Executives deserve to be paid well for valuable services. The trouble is that the level of CEO compensation all too frequently has nothing to do with the value of CEO services. Particularly doubtful are incentive stock plans limited to senior executives whose stock ownership already provides ample incentive.
title: Letter: C. Harrison Mann, Jr. to E.J. Ouellette, November 28, 1967
Creators: name: Mann, Charles Harrison, Jr., 1908-1977
Publisher: name: George Mason University
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Traffic

description: Letter A: typescript unsigned, 11" x 8.5" (29.7 cm x 21.6 cm)
description: Letter from C. Harrison Mann, Jr. to E.J. Ouellette regarding Mann seeing Mr. Ouellette driving a state owned vehicle and speeding. C. Harrison Mann, Jr. Collection 1.29
title: Exploring Relationships among Perceived Stigma, Self-Disclosure, Social Support, & Help-Seeking Behavior in the Context of College Students’ Interpersonal Mental Health Communication: A Sequential Multi-methodological Approach
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: George Mason University
Year: 2020

description: College students in the United States experience threats to mental health and wellness at heightened rates, yet seldom seek help. Previous research identifies perceived stigma as a substantial barrier to help-seeking, but also social support as a potential a path to circumvent such stigma. Nevertheless, multi-methodological research exploring the key interpersonal communication processes that may serve to promote or constrain help-seeking behavior is limited. This research seeks to identify practical insights for promoting college students’ mental health help-seeking intention and to advance theory building in the area of interpersonal health communication by employing a sequential exploratory multi-methodological research design (Creswell & Clark, 2017). The overall goal of this exploratory research is to investigate communication processes involving the diffusion of mental health stigma, its influence on college students’ willingness to disclose mental health issues in their interpersonal networks, and the seeking of both social support as well as appropriate healthcare for mental health challenges. Study 1 utilizes data yielded from online, open-ended surveys of college students (N = 51) using the Critical Incident Technique (CIT) to identify key issues students face in communicating interpersonally about mental health. Study 2 builds upon findings from Study 1 through qualitative in-depth interviews with undergraduate and graduate students (N = 17) to develop a deeper understanding of the potential relationships among the identified critical communication constructs of perceived stigma, social support seeking, self-disclosure, and help-seeking intention. Study 3 incorporates findings from Study 2 to adapt measures for the context of college students’ interpersonal mental health communication in a quantitative survey of graduate and undergraduate students (N = 1030). Findings from Study 2 also guided hypotheses in Study 3 for relationships among operationalized constructs, including bivariate correlations as well as mediation and moderation models. Findings from each study are discussed along with practical applications, theoretical implications, methodological and conceptual limitations, as well as directions and considerations for future research.
Social norms and cooperation in higher-order networks
Creators: name: Ma, Yin-Jie
name: Jiang, Zhi-Qiang
name: Fang, Fan-Shu
name: Perc, Matjaz
name: Boccaletti, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent research has focused on understanding how cooperation is fostered through various mechanisms in cognitive settings, particularly through pairwise interactions. However, real-world interactions often extend beyond simple dyads, including multiple cliques with both pairwise and higher-order interactions. These complex interactions influence how individuals perceive and adapt their strategies based on social norms. We here introduce a model that explores the evolution of collective strategies and social norms within a heterogeneous environment, encompassing both dyadic and three-body interactions. We find that social norms play a crucial role in promoting cooperation in comparison to simply imitating the most successful neighbor. We also show that the rise of prosocial norms leads to increased cooperation across various social dilemmas, often resulting in shifts from defective to cooperative behavior. Additionally, we observe that a moderate level of information privacy helps sustaining prosocial norms and curtails antisocial tendencies, even in situations where mutual defection might seem advantageous. Our research thus offers insights into the evolution of cooperation through the lens of social norm diffusion in higher-order networks.
description: 12 pages, 9 figures
title: TRUST UNDER PRESSURE: SUSTAINING INTERNATIONAL PARTNERSHIP OF HIGHER EDUCATION
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: George Mason University
Year: 2021

description: This dissertation delineates the international partnership as a fundamental element of the internationalization practice of higher education institutions. The sustainment of internationalization efforts in higher education has been challenged by the changing external political and social environment. American Confucius Institute programs that are the joint educational collaborations between higher educational institutions in the US and China for offering Chinese language teaching and cultural awareness activities have encountered external pressures in recent years. The author adopts the frame of the trust study and uses two Confucius Institute programs as case studies to analyze the relationships of international partnerships, particularly under external pressure. The research models adopted from organizational trust studies and organizational communication assessment provide accesses to examine the trust levels, trust development, and dynamics of the partnership related to external pressures in the two cases of Confucius Institute programs. This dissertation aims to fill the gap of empirical analysis of international partnership and lay the ground for systematic studies of relationships among international collaborations in higher education. The findings and recommendations of this dissertation can be a resource to inform further research and administrative practice in international efforts of higher education.
title: Digital Campus Podcast - Episode 04 – Welcome to the Social
Creators: name: Center For History And New Media
Publisher: name: George Mason University
Year: 2007

description: Originally published by the Center for History and New Media through the Digital Campus podcast (http://digitalcampus.tv). This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 United States License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/us/).
description: Can social networking sites like Facebook play a productive role in the humanities? In this episode Dan plays the old fogey, while Tom and Mills talk about how to use these sites in an advantageous way. We also report on recent meetings on the digital humanities and digital museums, and discuss Google’s My Maps and [...]
pyMBE: the Python-based Molecule Builder for ESPResSo
Creators: name: Beyer, David
name: Torres, Paola B.
name: Pineda, Sebastian P.
name: Narambuena, Claudio F.
name: Grad, Jean-Noël
name: Košovan, Peter
name: Blanco, Pablo M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the Python-based Molecule Builder for ESPResSo (pyMBE), an open source software to design custom Coarse-Grained (CG) models, as well as pre-defined models of polyelectrolytes, peptides and globular proteins in the Extensible Simulation Package for Research on Soft Matter (ESPResSo). The Python interface of \espresso offers a flexible framework, capable of building custom CG models from scratch. As a downside, building CG models from scratch is error-prone, especially for newcomers in the field of CG modeling, or for molecules with complex architectures. The pyMBE module builds CG models in \espresso using a hierarchical bottom-up approach, providing a robust tool to automate the setup of CG models and helping new users prevent common mistakes. ESPResSo features the constant pH (cpH) and grand-reaction (G-RxMC) methods, which have been designed to study chemical reaction equilibria in macromolecular systems with many reactive species. However, setting up these methods for systems which contain several types of reactive groups is an error-prone task, especially for beginners. The pyMBE module enables the automatic setup of cpH and G-RxMC simulations in \espresso, lowering the barrier for newcomers and opening the door to investigate complex systems not studied with these methods yet. To demonstrate some of the applications of pyMBE, we showcase several case studies where we successfully reproduce previously published simulations of charge-regulating peptides and globular proteins in bulk solution and weak polyelectrolytes in dialysis. The pyMBE module is publicly available as a GitHub repository (https://github.com/pyMBE-dev/pyMBE) which includes its source code and various sample and test scripts, including the ones that we used to generate the data presented in this article.
Yadism: Yet Another Deep-Inelastic Scattering Module
Creators: name: Candido, Alessandro
name: Hekhorn, Felix
name: Magni, Giacomo
name: Rabemananjara, Tanjona R.
name: Stegeman, Roy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present yadism, a library for the evaluation of both polarized and unpolarized deep-inelastic scattering (DIS) structure functions and cross sections up to N$^3$LO in perturbative QCD. The package provides computations of observables in fixed-flavor and zero-mass variable flavor number schemes. The implementation of the general mass variable flavor number schemes is supported through the high virtuality limits for the heavy flavor coefficients. In addition, yadism provides a set of tools for the generation of interpolation grids in the PDF-independent PineAPPL format, allowing to test the PDF dependence on any DIS observable without needing to rerun the computation. This work is part of an ongoing effort to standardize the format of theory predictions in high-energy physics within the pineline framework. The code is open source, written in Python and documented to facilitate usage, integrations, and further extensions. Finally, the code has been benchmarked against the widely used APFEL++ and QCDNUM libraries.
description: 28 pages, 10 figures. Mathematica file with expressions of Appendix A attached. Final version, as published in EPJC. Various clarifications and citations added
Polarimetric detection of nonradial oscillation modes in the beta Cephei star beta Crucis
Creators: name: Cotton, Daniel V.
name: Buzasi, Derek L.
name: Aerts, Conny
name: Bailey, Jeremy
name: Burssens, Siemen
name: Pedersen, May G.
name: Stello, Dennis
name: Kedziora-Chudczer, Lucyna
name: De Horta, Ain
name: De Cat, Peter
name: Lewis, Fiona
name: Malla, Sai Prathyusha
name: Wright, Duncan J.
name: Bott, Kimberly
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Here we report the detection of polarization variations due to nonradial modes in the beta Cephei star beta Crucis. In so doing we confirm 40-year-old predictions of pulsation-induced polarization variability and its utility in asteroseismology for mode identification. In an approach suited to other beta Cep stars, we combine polarimetry with space-based photometry and archival spectroscopy to identify the dominant nonradial mode in polarimetry, f2, as l = 3, m = -3 (in the m-convention of Dziembowski) and determine the stellar axis position angle as 25 (or 205) +/- 8 deg. The rotation axis inclination to the line of sight was derived as approx. 46 deg. from combined polarimetry and spectroscopy, facilitating identification of additional modes and allowing for asteroseismic modelling. This reveals a star of 14.5 +/- 0.5 Solar masses and a convective core containing approx. 28% of its mass -- making beta Crucis the most massive star with an asteroseismic age.
description: 33 pages, 11 figures, 8 tables (incl. Supplementary Information). Accepted version; published as Cotton et al. (2022), Nature Astro., Vol 6, pp 154-164. Data is available through VizieR as: J/other/NatAs/6.154. Two explainer articles are available: Cotton & Buzasi (2022), Nature Astro., Vol 6, pp 24-25; Baade (2022), Nature Astro., Vol 6, pp 20-21
Saccade-Contingent Rendering
Creators: name: Kwak, Yuna
name: Penner, Eric
name: Wang, Xuan
name: Saeedpour-Parizi, Mohammad R.
name: Mercier, Olivier
name: Wu, Xiuyun
name: Murdison, T. Scott
name: Guan, Phillip
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Battery-constrained power consumption, compute limitations, and high frame rate requirements in head-mounted displays present unique challenges in the drive to present increasingly immersive and comfortable imagery in virtual reality. However, humans are not equally sensitive to all regions of the visual field, and perceptually-optimized rendering techniques are increasingly utilized to address these bottlenecks. Many of these techniques are gaze-contingent and often render reduced detail away from a user's fixation. Such techniques are dependent on spatio-temporally-accurate gaze tracking and can result in obvious visual artifacts when eye tracking is inaccurate. In this work we present a gaze-contingent rendering technique which only requires saccade detection, bypassing the need for highly-accurate eye tracking. In our first experiment, we show that visual acuity is reduced for several hundred milliseconds after a saccade. In our second experiment, we use these results to reduce the rendered image resolution after saccades in a controlled psychophysical setup, and find that observers cannot discriminate between saccade-contingent reduced-resolution rendering and full-resolution rendering. Finally, in our third experiment, we introduce a 90 pixels per degree headset and validate our saccade-contingent rendering method under typical VR viewing conditions.
description: main paper and supplementary materials
title: Structural Analysis of Reinforced Concrete Columns Subjected to Underwater Explosions
Creators: name: Sanders, Jacob
Publisher: name: George Mason University
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Underwater explosion
subject: Reinforced concrete
subject: ABAQUS
subject: Blast load
subject: Plain concrete
subject: Validation studies

description: This thesis presents a study on structural modeling of reinforced concrete (RC) columns subjected to underwater explosions (UNDEX). With the heightened tensions stemming from warfare as well as accidents such as gas explosions or construction overblasting, understanding of UNDEX is critical to minimizing damage to infrastructure and human lives. Previous research was motivated by defense and is still a driving factor for blast research in the current day. Physical experimentation of UNDEX is expensive and computational analysis plays an important role in analyzing structures subjected to UNDEX. Published research on the effect of UNDEX in civil engineering structures is relatively scant. This thesis provides a review of current literature concerning UNDEX effects, a proposed computational framework for assisting simulation of UNDEX effects, and a series of validation and sensitivity studies to examine a concrete material model in a finite element analysis focused on reinforced columns. First, a literature review discussing the current understanding of UNDEX phenomena and effects on concrete structures is explored with considerations towards computational methods. Then a computational framework used to analyze complex loadings in ABAQUS is discussed. Additionally, an examination of empirical pressure equations used for dynamic analysis is presented and compared with existing experimental data. Lastly, the concrete damage plasticity (CDP) model is examined with sensitivity studies conducted on its input parameters. The effect of varying CDP input parameters on maximum displacement response is outlined.
Supplementary document for Laser pulse train parameters determine the brightness of a two-photon stimulus - 6397799.pdf
Creators: name: Marzejon, Marcin
name: Kornaszewski, Lukasz
name: Wojtkowski, Maciej
name: Komar, Katarzyna
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2025
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Expanded description of methods and Safety considerations
title: Digital Campus Podcast - Episode 86 - Ya Big MOOC
Creators: name: Roy Rosenzweig Center For History And New Media, /
Publisher: name: George Mason University
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Course management systems
subject: MOOCs
subject: Teaching

description: Originally published by the Center for History and New Media through the Digital Campus podcast (http://digitalcampus.tv). This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/).
description: Episode 86 — Ya Big MOOC 15 May, 20125 comments The Oxford English Dictionary defines “mook” (with a ‘k’) as “An incompetent or stupid person”; apparently it’s a word that achieved notoriety from its use in the 1973 film Mean Streets. But we’re not discussing that kind of “mook,” no sir: on this episode of Digital Campus, we’re discussing Massive Open Online Courses with Audrey Watters of Hack Education. We argue that there are MOOCs and then there are MOOCs, speculate about the purpose and future of MOOCs, and (at least in Audrey’s case) relate our own experiences as MOOC students. It’s a MOOC-a-palooza. (And don’t forget that Dan predicted that 2012 would be the year of MOOC-o-mania last December: we’re proud.) P.S. As promised at the start of podcast, Mills has now revealed the educational hoaxes perpetrated by his students in his course “Lying About the Past.” Well played, all.
A Scalable RISC-V Vector Processor Enabling Efficient Multi-Precision DNN Inference
Creators: name: Wang, Chuanning
name: Fang, Chao
name: Wu, Xiao
name: Wang, Zhongfeng
name: Lin, Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Hardware Architecture (cs.AR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: RISC-V processors encounter substantial challenges in deploying multi-precision deep neural networks (DNNs) due to their restricted precision support, constrained throughput, and suboptimal dataflow design. To tackle these challenges, a scalable RISC-V vector (RVV) processor, namely SPEED, is proposed to enable efficient multi-precision DNN inference by innovations from customized instructions, hardware architecture, and dataflow mapping. Firstly, dedicated customized RISC-V instructions are proposed based on RVV extensions, providing SPEED with fine-grained control over processing precision ranging from 4 to 16 bits. Secondly, a parameterized multi-precision systolic array unit is incorporated within the scalable module to enhance parallel processing capability and data reuse opportunities. Finally, a mixed multi-precision dataflow strategy, compatible with different convolution kernels and data precision, is proposed to effectively improve data utilization and computational efficiency. We perform synthesis of SPEED in TSMC 28nm technology. The experimental results demonstrate that SPEED achieves a peak throughput of 287.41 GOPS and an energy efficiency of 1335.79 GOPS/W at 4-bit precision condition, respectively. Moreover, when compared to the pioneer open-source vector processor Ara, SPEED provides an area efficiency improvement of 2.04$\times$ and 1.63$\times$ under 16-bit and 8-bit precision conditions, respectively, which shows SPEED's significant potential for efficient multi-precision DNN inference.
description: The work is accepted by 2024 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS 2024)
title: Iraq: Microfinance Strategy
Creators: name: Busardo, Kathryn
name: Gavagan, Cara
name: Kenny, Janet
name: Wallace, Sarah
name: Roberts, Kristin
Publisher: name: George Mason University
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Iraq
subject: Microfinance

description: After the 2003 invasion of Iraq by coalition forces, the United States developed a policy to rebuild the Iraqi government and economy. Part of this policy was the establishment of microfinance institutions (MFIs) in the country. Microfinance is the practice of lending small amounts of money to entrepreneurs in developing countries in an attempt to expand the local economy. Prior to 2003, there were no MFIs in Iraq. The United States Agency for International Development (USAID) contracted with The Louis Berger Group, Inc., (Berger) a prominent U.S. based infrastructure engineering company, to manage the U.S.-funded microfinance initiatives in Iraq. Berger has projects across the U.S. and in 140 countries; with expertise in project planning, management, and budget administration. In addition to their work in microfinance, Berger has experience in transportation, infrastructure, communications and the development of schools, hospitals, courts, and police stations. This article analyzes the successes enjoyed and challenges faced by microfinance initiatives managed by Berger, as well as their contribution toward the U.S. strategy for victory in Iraq. This article also offers recommendations for sustaining economic growth in the region.
A Dataset for Sentence Retrieval for Open-Ended Dialogues
Creators: name: Harel, Itay
name: Taitelbaum, Hagai
name: Szpektor, Idan
name: Kurland, Oren
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We address the task of sentence retrieval for open-ended dialogues. The goal is to retrieve sentences from a document corpus that contain information useful for generating the next turn in a given dialogue. Prior work on dialogue-based retrieval focused on specific types of dialogues: either conversational QA or conversational search. To address a broader scope of this task where any type of dialogue can be used, we constructed a dataset that includes open-ended dialogues from Reddit, candidate sentences from Wikipedia for each dialogue and human annotations for the sentences. We report the performance of several retrieval baselines, including neural retrieval models, over the dataset. To adapt neural models to the types of dialogues in the dataset, we explored an approach to induce a large-scale weakly supervised training data from Reddit. Using this training set significantly improved the performance over training on the MS MARCO dataset.
RiboSeq.Org: an internet portal providing computational resources for ribosome profiling data analysis
Creators: name: Michel, Audrey M.
name: Mullan, James P.A.
name: O'Connor, Patrick B.F.
name: Kiniry, Stephen
name: Vimalkumar Velayudhan
name: Abbas, Zena
name: Koroteeva, Svetlana
name: Sandor Dedeyne
name: Baranov, Pavel V.
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2016

description: Ribosome profiling or ribo-seq is a technique that provides information on the locations and density of actively translating ribosomes at a whole transcriptome level. RiboSeq.Org (http://riboseq.org) is an internet portal that serves as a gateway to computational resources for the analysis of publicly available and user generated ribosome profiling data. At present RiboSeq.Org consists of two major components, the GWIPS-viz browser and RiboGalaxy.

GWIPS-viz (http://gwips.ucc.ie) is based on the UCSC genome browser and provides access to available ribosome profiling data aligned to the genomes of various organisms ranging from viruses and bacteria to uni- and multicellular eukaryotes, including human and model organisms. In addition to ribosome footprints, GWIPS-viz provides access to RNA-seq controls carried out in parallel and other relevant tracks, such as annotation, conservation and mappability tracks.

RiboGalaxy (http://ribogalaxy.ucc.ie) provides access to a collection of tools that allows users to perform complex computational analyses using any standard internet browser and requires no additional resources. RiboGalaxy is an instance of Galaxy tailored specifically for the analysis of ribosome profiling data by wet bench researchers who have little computational background and resources. At present users can use RiboGalaxy pipelines and workflows to pre-process, align, analyse and visualize their own ribo-seq data. GUI-based tools are provided to determine the strength of the triplet periodicity signal in ribo-seq data, generate metagene and ribosome density profiles and carry out analysis of differential gene expression using the riboSeqR suite of tools. The RUST suite of tools can be used to quickly characterize ribosome profiling datasets to assess their quality as well as to analyse the relative impact of different mRNA sequence features on local decoding rates. The RiboTools suite provides functionality for exploring translation in alternative reading frames and stop codon readthrough events.

RiboSeq.Org also provides a forum to help users with various queries regarding the use of these resources.
Flocking by Turning Away
Creators: name: Das, Suchismita
name: Ciarchi, Matteo
name: Zhou, Ziqi
name: Yan, Jing
name: Zhang, Jie
name: Alert, Ricard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Flocking, as paradigmatically exemplified by birds, is the coherent collective motion of active agents. As originally conceived, flocking emerges through alignment interactions between the agents. Here, we report that flocking can also emerge through interactions that turn agents away from each other. Combining simulations, kinetic theory, and experiments, we demonstrate this mechanism of flocking in self-propelled Janus colloids with stronger repulsion on the front than on the rear. The polar state is stable because particles achieve a compromise between turning away from left and right neighbors. Unlike for alignment interactions, the emergence of polar order from turn-away interactions requires particle repulsion. At high concentration, repulsion produces flocking Wigner crystals. Whereas repulsion often leads to motility-induced phase separation of active particles, here it combines with turn-away torques to produce flocking. Therefore, our findings bridge the classes of aligning and non-aligning active matter. Our results could help to reconcile the observations that cells can flock despite turning away from each other via contact inhibition of locomotion. Overall, our work shows that flocking is a very robust phenomenon that arises even when the orientational interactions would seem to prevent it.
All Prime Numbers Have Primitive Roots
Creators: name: Gamboa, Ruben
name: Gamboa, Woodrow
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.2.1

description: If p is a prime, then the numbers 1, 2, ..., p-1 form a group under multiplication modulo p. A number g that generates this group is called a primitive root of p; i.e., g is such that every number between 1 and p-1 can be written as a power of g modulo p. Building on prior work in the ACL2 community, this paper describes a constructive proof that every prime number has a primitive root.
description: In Proceedings ACL2 2022, arXiv:2205.11103
Using ACL2 To Teach Students About Software Testing
Creators: name: Gamboa, Ruben
name: Thoney, Alicia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: D.2.4; G.2.0

description: We report on our experience using ACL2 in the classroom to teach students about software testing. The course COSC2300 at the University of Wyoming is a mostly traditional Discrete Mathematics course, but with a clear focus on computer science applications. For instance, the section on logic and proofs is motivated by the desire to write proofs about computer software. We emphasize that the importance of software correctness falls along a spectrum with casual programs on one end and mission-critical ones on the other. Corresponding to this spectrum is a variety of tools, ranging from unit tests, randomized testing of properties, and even formal proofs. In this paper, we describe one of the major activities, in which students use the ACL2 Sedan's counter-example generation facility to investigate properties of various existing checksum algorithms used in error detection. Students are challenged to state the relevant properties correctly, so that the counter-example generation tool is used effectively in all cases, and ACL2 can find formal proofs automatically in some of those.
description: In Proceedings ACL2 2022, arXiv:2205.11103
Gauge theory on $ρ$-Minkowski space-time
Creators: name: Maris, Valentine
name: Wallet, Jean-Christophe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct a gauge theory model on the 4-dimensional $ρ$-Minkowski space-time, a particular deformation of the Minkowski space-time recently considered. The corresponding star product results from a combination of Weyl quantization map and properties of the convolution algebra of the special Euclidean group. We use noncommutative differential calculi based on twisted derivations together with a twisted notion of noncommutative connection. The twisted derivations pertain to the Hopf algebra of $ρ$-deformed translations, a Hopf subalgebra of the $ρ$-deformed Poincaré algebra which can be viewed as defining the quantum symmetries of the $ρ$-Minkowski space-time. The gauge theory model is left invariant under the action of the $ρ$-deformed Poincaré algebra. The kinetic part of the action is found to coincide with the one of the usual (commutative) electrodynamics.
description: Minor changes. Version to be published in JHEP
A Mechanized Proof of Bounded Convergence Time for the Distributed Perimeter Surveillance System (DPSS) Algorithm A
Creators: name: Greve, David
name: Davis, Jennifer
name: Humphrey, Laura
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The decentralized perimeter surveillance system (DPSS) seeks to provide a decentralized protocol for evenly distributing surveillance of a perimeter over time across an ensemble of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) whose members may communicate only when in close proximity to each other. The protocol must also converge to an even distribution of the perimeter in bounded time. Two versions of the DPSS protocol presented in the original paper seem to converge in bounded time but only informal proofs and arguments are given. A later application of model checking to these protocols found an error in one of the key lemmas, invalidating the informal proof for one and casting doubt on the other. Therefore, a new hand proof of the convergence time for the simpler version of the DPSS protocol or algorithm, Algorithm A or DPSS-A, was developed by Jeremy Avigad and Floris van Doorn. This paper describes a mechanization of that hand proof in the logic of ACL2 and discusses three specific ACL2 utilities that proved useful for expressing and reasoning about the DPSS model.
description: In Proceedings ACL2 2022, arXiv:2205.11103
title: Strategy for Product Reusability Based on Technical and Economic Model
Creators: name: Uppuluri, Srikanth
Publisher: name: Old Dominion University
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04zjtrb98
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2006

description: Reusing old components is considered the most profitable End-of-Life strategy in the modern day scenario of sustainable manufacturing. Though there is increasing pressure on the product designers worldwide to make reuse possible, the functionality of the products and the economic feasibility have been the main considerations for manufacturers in evaluating the reuse strategy. The quality level of the used product and mainly the economic aspect of disassembling the product have been the main uncertainties confronting the industries to move towards the product recovery strategies like reuse and disassembly. The profitability factor in designing and implementing the technology for disassembly of components evaluates the automation of reuse. This research is an extension of an existing research on reusability of television components, based on a technical and economic model. The model contains some parameters such as product value and product gain. An environmental cost element is added to the existing model to prove the potential of reusability of the television components. In order to add the environmental cost, eco-points are obtained using standard life cycle assessment software SimaPro. The environmental cost obtained through these eco-points is added to the model in order to get the results. The results obtained prove the effectiveness of the model and make reuse an economically profitable factor in the future.
VWSIM: A Circuit Simulator
Creators: name: Hunt, Warren A.
name: Ramanathan, Vivek
name: Moore, J Strother
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Mathematical Software (cs.MS)
subject: Symbolic Computation (cs.SC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: B.1.2; B.7.2; D.1.1; D.2.4; F.3.1; F.4.1; G.1.3; I.1.3; I.2.3; I.6.4; J.2

description: VWSIM is a circuit simulator for rapid, single-flux, quantum (RSFQ) circuits. The simulator is designed to model and simulate primitive-circuit devices such as capacitors, inductors, Josephson Junctions, and can be extended to simulate other circuit families, such as CMOS. Circuit models can be provided in the native VWSIM netlist format or as SPICE-compatible netlists, which are flattened and transformed into symbolic equations that can be manipulated and simulated. Written in the ACL2 logic, VWSIM provides logical guarantees about each of the circuit models it simulates. Note, our matrix solving and evaluation routines use Common Lisp floating-point numbers, and work is ongoing to admit these models into ACL2. We currently use VWSIM to help us design self-timed, RSFQ-based circuits. Our eventual goal is to prove properties of RSFQ circuit models. The ACL2-based definition of the VWSIM simulator offers a path for specifying and verifying RSFQ circuit models.
description: In Proceedings ACL2 2022, arXiv:2205.11103
A Free Group of Rotations of Rank 2
Creators: name: Bapanapally, Jagadish
name: Gamboa, Ruben
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.4.1

description: One of the key steps in the proof of the Banach-Tarski Theorem is the introduction of a free group of rotations. First, a free group of reduced words is generated where each element of the set is represented as an ACL2 list. Then we demonstrate that there is a one-to-one relation between the set of reduced words and a set of 3D rotations. In this paper we present a way to generate this set of reduced words and we prove group properties for this set. Then, we show a way to generate a set of 3D matrices using the set of reduced words. Finally we show a formalization of 3D rotations and prove that every element of the 3D matrices set is a rotation.
description: In Proceedings ACL2 2022, arXiv:2205.11103
Datacube segmentation via Deep Spectral Clustering
Creators: name: Bombini, Alessandro
name: Bofías, Fernando García-Avello
name: Bracci, Caterina
name: Ginolfi, Michele
name: Ruberto, Chiara
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Extended Vision techniques are ubiquitous in physics. However, the data cubes steaming from such analysis often pose a challenge in their interpretation, due to the intrinsic difficulty in discerning the relevant information from the spectra composing the data cube.
 Furthermore, the huge dimensionality of data cube spectra poses a complex task in its statistical interpretation; nevertheless, this complexity contains a massive amount of statistical information that can be exploited in an unsupervised manner to outline some essential properties of the case study at hand, e.g.~it is possible to obtain an image segmentation via (deep) clustering of data-cube's spectra, performed in a suitably defined low-dimensional embedding space.
 To tackle this topic, we explore the possibility of applying unsupervised clustering methods in encoded space, i.e. perform deep clustering on the spectral properties of datacube pixels. A statistical dimensional reduction is performed by an ad hoc trained (Variational) AutoEncoder, in charge of mapping spectra into lower dimensional metric spaces, while the clustering process is performed by a (learnable) iterative K-Means clustering algorithm.
 We apply this technique to two different use cases, of different physical origins: a set of Macro mapping X-Ray Fluorescence (MA-XRF) synthetic data on pictorial artworks, and a dataset of simulated astrophysical observations.
description: 20 pages, 10 figures, doi for code repository, dataset and trained model available and reported in the paper. v2: paper accepted for publication on IOP Machine Learning: Science and Technology
Enhancement of the Higgs decay into a $Z^\prime$ pair in models with $U(1)_X$ gauge symmetry
Creators: name: A., ShivaSankar K.
name: Das, Arindam
name: Yagyu, Kei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the Higgs phenomenology in models with a new $U(1)_X$ gauge symmetry including the $U(1)_{B-L}$ scenario, where three right-handed neutrinos are inevitably introduced due to the gauge anomaly cancellations. We find that the decay branching ratio of the discovered Higgs boson into a pair of new massive gauge bosons ($Z'$) can significantly be enhanced in the Dirac neutrino case as compared with the Majorana case for a fixed value of the new gauge coupling and the mass of $Z'$ under constraints from current experimental data. Because of such an enhancement, the Dirac case can indirectly be discriminated from the Majorana case via the Higgs decay.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures. Version accepted for publication in Phys. Lett. B
Modeling Asymptotic Complexity Using ACL2
Creators: name: Young, William D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The theory of asymptotic complexity provides an approach to characterizing the behavior of programs in terms of bounds on the number of computational steps executed or use of computational resources. We describe work using ACL2 to prove complexity properties of programs implemented in a simple imperative programming language embedding via an operational semantics in ACL2. We simultaneously prove functional properties of a program and its complexity. We illustrate our approach by describing proofs about a binary search algorithm, proving both that it implements binary search on a sorted list and that it is O(log(n)), where n is the length of the list.
description: In Proceedings ACL2 2022, arXiv:2205.11103
title: Paper: "IASIS Interactions Report," May 1989
Creators: name: Warfield, John
Publisher: name: George Mason University
Year: 1989
Subjects: subject: Warfield, John N.
subject: Institute for Advanced Study in the Integrative Sciences (IASIS)
subject: Center for Interactive Management (CIM)
subject: George Mason University
subject: Science of Generic Design
subject: China
subject: Africa
subject: Europe
subject: South America
subject: Asia
subject: Australia

description: Manuscript: typescript with table and handwritten notes. 12 pgs. 8.5" x 11" (21.6 cm x 29.7 cm)
description: A paper that discusses the history of the Institute for Advanced Study in Integrative Sciences (IASIS), its relation to George Mason University and the Center for Interactive Management (CIM), publications, and interactions with organizations in the United States and abroad. John N. Warfield Collection 30.10.