cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A multi-term solution of the space-time Boltzmann equation for electrons in gaseous and liquid Argon
Creators: name: Boyle, G. J.
name: Cocks, D. G.
name: Tattersall, W. J.
name: McEachran, R. P.
name: White, R. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a recent paper [1] the scattering and transport of excess electrons in liquid argon in the hydrodynamic regime was investigated, generalizing the seminal works of Lekner and Cohen [2,3] with modern scattering theory techniques and kinetic theory. In this paper, the discussion is extended to the non-hydrodynamic regime through the development of a full multi-term space-time solution of Boltzmann's equation for electron transport in gases and liquids using a novel operator-splitting method. A Green's function formalism is considered that enables flexible adaptation to various experimental systems. The spatio-temporal evolution of electrons in liquids in the hydrodynamic regime is studied for a benchmark model Percus-Yevick liquid as well as for liquid argon. The temporal evolution of Franck-Hertz oscillations are observed for liquids, with striking differences in the spatio-temporal development of the velocity distribution function components between the uncorrelated gas and true liquid approximations in argon. Transport properties calculated from the non-hydrodynamic theory in the long time limit, and under steady-state Townsend conditions, are benchmarked against hydrodynamic transport coefficients.
Obesity as a potential modifier for periodontal infection pathogenesis
Creators: name: Perri, Romina
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: The overall aim of this study was to examine the association between periodontal disease and obesity. This relationship was assessed at the epidemiologic level using a cross-sectional observation study with 6780 participants from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study and at the molecular level by further investigating the impact of obesity on periodontal pathogenesis via changes in differential microRNA expression. Findings from the ARIC study indicated that important associations between diabetes and periodontal disease and obesity exist. Increased likelihood for gingivitis was identified in both patients with diabetes and an obese BMI. Reaffirmation of the critical role of CRP and IL-6 on systemic inflammatory burden was shown in an obese population. Eleven unique miRNAs were up-regulated (miR-15a, -18a, -22, -30d, -30e, -103, -106b, -130a, -142-3p, -185, -210) in the obese patients with periodontal disease. Sixty-nine different genes with miRNA target sequences were identified which included proinflammatory cytokines/chemokines, proteins involved in collagen formation, glucose and lipid metabolism. The miRNAs identified in this study may play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of periodontal infection modified by obesity as well as provide a basis for further investigations regarding the effect of obesity on periodontal pathogenesis.
CHANGES OF EUROPEAN UNION COUNTRIES POSITIONS IN THE INTERNATIONAL TRADE OF RAW MATERIALS IN 2016, 2019 AND 2021. IMPORTANCE FOR AGRICULTURE
Creators: name: STASZCZAK, DARIUSZ ELIGIUSZ
name: STASZCZAK, DARIUSZ ELIGIUSZ
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: raw materials
subject: EU economy
subject: strategic security
subject: international trade
subject: Covid-19 pandemic
subject: Dutch paradox
subject: importance for agriculture

description: The purpose of this paper is an explanation of a strategic independency or dependency of particular countries of the European Union on raw materials imports. A strategic importance of raw materials for the EU and world economy is connected with the necessity of these materials for the production, including agricultural production and industrial production for agriculture. The design is finding the threats for the further development of most EU economies which results from their dependency on raw materials imports. There were fifteen net importers of raw materials in 2016. Most important of them were: Germany, Italy, Belgium and Spain. These first four countries did not change their positions in 2019 and 2021. The quantity of EU net importers decreased to fourteen member-states in 2019 and to thirteen countries in 2021. However, many EU net importers deepened their trade deficits of raw materials in 2021. The Dutch paradox explains the Netherlands position of the first EU net exporter in spite of this country dependency on imports of raw materials. Practical implications of the results can be considered to elaborate the short-term and long-term EU economic and trade policy.
Singing for our lives: exploring the interaction of community, feminism and musical performance in the Common Woman Chorus
Creators: name: Womack, Jennifer L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: The Common Woman Chorus of Durham, North Carolina celebrated its twenty-fifth continuous year of music-making in the fall of 2008. Operating largely on the basis of volunteer labor, the chorus produces two major concert events each year, in addition to singing for numerous community events in the interim. As one of many women's choruses in the United States with roots in the Feminist movement and recognition in the lesbian community, the chorus sings in unison with others across the nation, and yet is unique in the dialogue it enters into with its audiences due to the sociopolitical and geographic context in which it is situated. This ethnography offers an understanding of both the community and the longevity of the Common Woman Chorus through an exploration of the ways in which the construct of a doing community, feminist ideals and musical performance intersect.
Dark matter searches
Creators: name: Baudis, Laura
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of the major challenges of modern physics is to decipher the nature of dark matter. Astrophysical observations provide ample evidence for the existence of an invisible and dominant mass component in the observable universe, from the scales of galaxies up to the largest cosmological scales. The dark matter could be made of new, yet undiscovered elementary particles, with allowed masses and interaction strengths with normal matter spanning an enormous range. Axions, produced non-thermally in the early universe, and weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs), which froze out of thermal equilibrium with a relic density matching the observations, represent two well-motivated, generic classes of dark matter candidates. Dark matter axions could be detected by exploiting their predicted coupling to two photons, where the highest sensitivity is reached by experiments using a microwave cavity permeated by a strong magnetic field. WIMPs could be directly observed via scatters off atomic nuclei in underground, ultra low-background detectors, or indirectly, via secondary radiation produced when they pair annihilate. They could also be generated at particle colliders such as the LHC, where associated particles produced in the same process are to be detected. After a brief motivation and an introduction to the phenomenology of particle dark matter detection, I will discuss the most promising experimental techniques to search for axions and WIMPs, addressing their current and future science reach, as well as their complementarity.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures
Quantum Statistics and Spacetime Surgery
Creators: name: Wang, Juven
name: Wen, Xiao-Gang
name: Yau, Shing-Tung
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We apply the geometric-topology surgery theory on spacetime manifolds to study the constraints of quantum statistics data in 2+1 and 3+1 spacetime dimensions. First, we introduce the fusion data for worldline and worldsheet operators capable creating anyon excitations of particles and strings, well-defined in gapped states of matter with intrinsic topological orders. Second, we introduce the braiding statistics data of particles and strings, such as the geometric Berry matrices for particle-string Aharonov-Bohm and multi-loop adiabatic braiding process, encoded by submanifold linkings, in the closed spacetime 3-manifolds and 4-manifolds. Third, we derive new quantum surgery constraints analogous to Verlinde formula associating fusion and braiding statistics data via spacetime surgery, essential for defining the theory of topological orders, and potentially correlated to bootstrap boundary physics such as gapless modes, conformal field theories or quantum anomalies.
description: 4 pages + appendices. Special gratitude to Clifford H. Taubes. See also http://dspace.mit.edu/handle/1721.1/99285 and arXiv:1602.05569
On the Derivative Expansion for the Electromagnetic Casimir Free Energy at High Temperatures
Creators: name: Fosco, C. D.
name: Lombardo, F. C.
name: Mazzitelli, F. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the contribution of the thermal zero modes to the Casimir free energy, in the case of a fluctuating electromagnetic (EM) field in the presence of real materials described by frequency-dependent, local and isotropic permittivity ($ε$) and permeability ($μ$) functions. Those zero modes, present at any finite temperature, become dominant at high temperatures, since the theory is dimensionally reduced. Our work, within the context of the Derivative Expansion (DE) approach, focusses on the emergence of non analyticities in that dimensionally reduced theory. We conclude that the DE is well defined whenever the function $Ω(ω)$, defined by $[Ω(ω)]^2 \equiv ω^2ε(ω)$, vanishes in the zero-frequency limit, for at least one of the two material media involved.
description: 22 pages, 2 figures
Singularities, Secants, and Syzygies
Creators: name: Taylor, Gregory K
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2023

description: In this thesis, we explore three aspects of singularities and syzygies in algebraic geometry. First, we study singularities in positive characteristic. In particular, we prove an inversion of adjunction result for the F -signature, a numerical invariant which measures the asymptotic number of Frobenius splittings of a singularity. Next, we turn our attention to syzygies of secant varieties of curves. We prove that the Boij-S¨oderberg decomposition of the secant variety of a curve C embedded by a degree d line bundle L becomes pure as d → ∞. Finally, we analyze the singularities of nested Hilbert schemes of points on surfaces. We show that S[n,n+1,n+2] is klt with local complete intersection singularities. We conclude this section with a discussion of the applications of nested Hilbert schemes to secant varieties of surfaces. In addition to these original results, we have included extensive background material on singularities and syzygies of varieties. We also discuss questions for further research in this area.
Η αποστολή του ποιμένα σε μία πολυομολογιακή κοινωνία. Το παράδειγμα της Ουκρανίας
Creators: name: Prus, Vasyl Ivan
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2022
Subjects: Αποστολή
Ποιμένας
Πολυομολογιακή κοινωνία
Mission
Shepherd
Multi-community society

description: Σκοπός της παρούσας μεταπτυχιακής εργασίας ήταν η μελέτη της αποστολής του ποιμένα σε μία πολυομολογιακή κοινωνία, το παράδειγμα της Ουκρανίας. Εξετάσαμε την ορολογία που χρησιμοποιείται για τις λέξεις και τις εκφράσεις όσον αφορά τον ποιμένα και τον μυστηριακό χαρακτήρα της Εκκλησίας. Αναφερθήκαμε εκτός όλων των άλλων γενικά και στο ποια είναι τα προβλήματα που προκύπτουν σε μια κοινωνία όπου υπάρχουν διάφορες ομολογίες πίστεως και με ποιους τρόπους ο ορθόδοξος ποιμένας μπορεί να τα αντιμετωπίσει. Έγινε η ανάλυση των προϋποθέσεων για την εξάπλωση των θρησκευτικών κινημάτων στο ορθόδοξο περιβάλλον στην Ουκρανία. Αναδείξαμε τον προβληματισμό μεταξύ του ποιμένα και του ποιμνίου του, αρχές και αλληλεπιδράσεις σε μία πολυομολογιακή κοινωνία, πιο συγκεκριμένα, εστιάσαμε την προσοχή μας στην κατάσταση που αναπτύχθηκε στην Ουκρανία. Αναλύσαμε την πραγματική ουσία της ποιμαντικής αποστολής και διακονίας στην κοινωνία με διάφορες ομολογίες
description: The purpose of this master's thesis was the study of the shepherd's mission in a multi-community society, as is the case in Ukraine. We examined the terminology used for the words and expressions regarding the shepherd and the sacramental character of the Church. Apart from everything else, we referred in general to the problems that arise in a society where there are various confessions of faith and in what ways the Orthodox shepherd can deal with them. The conditions for the spread of religious movements in the Orthodox environment in Ukraine were analyzed. We highlighted the reflection between the shepherd and his flock, principles and interactions in a multi-confessional society, and, more specifically, on the situation that developed in Ukraine. We analyzed the real essence of the shepherd mission and ministry in society with various confessions
The beach pole house: A model to structure your research efforts and needs
Creators: name: Jenster, Guido
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Science management
Research support
Research Infrastructure

description: As a group leader, it is a challenge to have a clear overview of your research and support projects, lab organization and how they harmonize in solving your research focus. The pole house model can assist in classifying all your efforts, revealing their relationships and identifying your needs.
 The pole house at the beach has 3 layers and is anchored in the ground. The top rooms of the house represent the research projects addressing your research focus. In medicine, these typically include basic/functional, prevention, marker and therapy research. The second layer, the pole foundation, is the support layer and encompasses your work on technologies & protocols, models & biobanks, datasets and bioinformatics & statistics. The third layer, the infrastructure, plumbing and the connections to the ground, represents lab organization, management, outreach, education and more. The estate where your house is located represents your institute, while the beach symbolizes the beautiful view and environment that once in a while challenges you with pounding waves. Although research laboratories are typically single entities, they usually do share technologies, models and datasets with neighboring labs and therefore the pole foundation often supports multiple beach houses. The institute’s estate is a large community of houses and the infrastructure of this metropolis and support for maintaining the different beach houses largely determines livability of the community.
Luminosity of ultrahigh energy cosmic rays and bounds on magnetic luminosity of radio-loud active galactic nuclei
Creators: name: Coimbra-Araújo, C. H.
name: Anjos, R. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the production of magnetic flux from rotating black holes in active galactic nuclei (AGNs) and compare it with the upper limit of ultrahigh energy cosmic ray (UHECR) luminosities, calculated from observed integral flux of GeV-TeV gamma rays for nine UHECR AGN sources. We find that, for the expected range of black hole rotations (0.44
description: 6 pages, 2 figures
Evaluation of Generalized Degrees of Freedom for Sparse Estimation by Replica Method
Creators: name: Sakata, Ayaka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We develop a method to evaluate the generalized degrees of freedom (GDF), which is a key quantity of a model selection criterion, for linear regression with sparse regularization. Using the replica method, GDF is expressed by the variables that characterize the saddle point of the free energy without depending on the form of the regularization. Within the framework of replica symmetric (RS) analysis, GDF is provided with a physical meaning as the effective density of non-zero components. The validity of our method in the RS phase is supported by the consistency of our results with previous mathematical results. The analytical results in the RS phase are numerically achieved by the belief propagation algorithm.
The general form of the coupled Horndeski Lagrangian that allows cosmological scaling solutions
Creators: name: Gomes, Adalto R.
name: Amendola, Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the general scalar field Horndeski Lagrangian coupled to matter. Within this class of models, we present two results that are independent of the particular form of the model. First, we show that in a Friedmann-Robertson-Walker metric the Horndeski Lagrangian coincides with the pressure of the scalar field. Second, we employ the previous result to identify the most general form of the Lagrangian that allows for cosmological scaling solutions, i.e. solutions where the ratio of matter to field density and the equation of state remain constant. Scaling solutions of this kind may help solving the coincidence problem since in this case the presently observed ratio of matter to dark energy does not depend on initial conditions, but rather on the theoretical parameters.
description: 28 pages. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1306.3593
Optical counterparts of undetermined type $γ$-ray Active Galactic Nuclei with blazar-like Spectral Energy Distributions
Creators: name: La Mura, G.
name: Chiaro, G.
name: Ciroi, S.
name: Rafanelli, P.
name: Salvetti, D.
name: Berton, M.
name: Cracco, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: During its first four years of scientific observations, the Fermi Large Area Telescope (Fermi-LAT) detected 3033 $γ$-ray sources above a 4$σ$ significance level. Although most of the extra-Galactic sources are active galactic nuclei (AGN) of the blazar class, other families of AGNs are observed too, while a still high fraction of detections ($\sim 30\%$) remains with uncertain association or classification. According to the currently accepted interpretation, the AGN $γ$-ray emission arises from inverse Compton (IC) scattering of low energy photons by relativistic particles confined in a jet that, in the case of blazars, is oriented very close to our line of sight. Taking advantage of data from radio and X-ray wavelengths, which we expect to be produced together with $γ$-rays, providing a much better source localization potential, we focused our attention on a sample of $γ$-ray Blazar Candidates of Undetermined Type (BCUs), starting a campaign of optical spectroscopic observations. The main aims of our investigation include a census of the AGN families that contribute to $γ$-ray emission and a study of their redshift distribution, with the subsequent implications on the intrinsic source power. We furthermore analyze which $γ$-ray properties can better constrain the nature of the source, thus helping in the study of objects not yet associated with a reliable low frequency counterpart. In this communication we report on the instruments and techniques used to identify the optical counterparts of $γ$-ray sources, we give an overview on the status of our work, and we discuss the implications of a large scale study of $γ$-ray emitting AGNs.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures, proceedings of the 10th Serbian Conference on Spectral Line Shapes in Astrophysics. JOAA, accepted
Impacts of a large storm disturbance on microbial community composition in the Tar River of North Carolina
Creators: name: Balmonte, John Paul Piso
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Year: 2014

description: Microbial community response to environmental disturbances is a crucial topic to investigate as changes in community composition can have widespread consequences on an ecosystem. Microbes are generally sensitive to disturbances, but can exhibit resilience, capable of returning to pre-disturbance composition or achieving an alternative stable state. Here, I investigate microbial community composition in the Tar River of North Carolina from November 2010 to November 2011, capturing the landfall of Hurricane Irene on August 27, 2011. Using 16S ribosomal RNA sequence analyses, I investigated the response of riverine microbial communities to Hurricane Irene and found a likely hurricane-induced change or signature. A finer analysis on two major groups, Betaproteobacteria and Verrucomicrobia, demonstrate the ecophysiological flexibility of their members, persisting and, in some instances, proliferating in the face of disturbance. The alteration in Tar River microbial community composition indicates sensitivity to disturbances, although a larger sampling window is required to assess resilience.
Active Particles in Complex and Crowded Environments
Creators: name: Bechinger, Clemens
name: Di Leonardo, Roberto
name: Löwen, Hartmut
name: Reichhardt, Charles
name: Volpe, Giorgio
name: Volpe, Giovanni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Differently from passive Brownian particles, active particles, also known as self-propelled Brownian particles or microswimmers and nanoswimmers, are capable of taking up energy from their environment and converting it into directed motion. Because of this constant flow of energy, their behavior can only be explained and understood within the framework of nonequilibrium physics. In the biological realm, many cells perform directed motion, for example, as a way to browse for nutrients or to avoid toxins. Inspired by these motile microorganisms, researchers have been developing artificial particles that feature similar swimming behaviors based on different mechanisms; these manmade micro- and nanomachines hold a great potential as autonomous agents for healthcare, sustainability, and security applications. With a focus on the basic physical features of the interactions of self-propelled Brownian particles with a crowded and complex environment, this comprehensive review will put the reader at the very forefront of the field, providing a guided tour through its basic principles, the development of artificial self-propelling micro- and nanoparticles, and their application to the study of nonequilibrium phenomena, as well as the open challenges that the field is currently facing.
description: 57 pages, 33 figures
Rhizoryssomus ruficollis Hofmann 1972
Creators: name: Almeida, Lúcia M.
name: Santos, Paula B.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Coccinellidae
Rhizoryssomus
Rhizoryssomus ruficollis

description: 1. Rhizoryssomus ruficollis Hofmann, 1972
Rhizoryssomus ruficollis Hofmann, 1972: 84 –85 (original description; morphological details and male genitalia figured).
Type material: Holotype, 1 ex., Hofmann Collection, Chile.
Geographical distribution: Chile.
Remarks. Hofmann (1972) reports that the type material was from Chile, but without exact locality and is somewhat damaged, lacking the last abdominal ventrites. The shape and color of this species are characteristic, as well as pubescence. He also commented that this genus could be near Coccidulini, especially Dioria, rather than Cranophorini. According to González in his web site Coccinellidae de Chile, the type is lost.
description: Published as part of Almeida, Lúcia M. & Santos, Paula B., 2014, Synopsis of Oryssomini Gordon (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) from the Neotropical region with new species of Oryssomus Mulsant, Pseudoryssomus Gordon and Gordonoryssomus Almeida & Lima, pp. 42-68 in Zootaxa 3846 (1) on page 67, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3846.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/250860
title: Brucella spondylitis
Creators: name: Hasan, Trefa
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Musculoskeletal system
subject: Musculoskeletal spine
subject: MR
subject: Clinical Cases

description: Clinical History: A 75-year-old man visited the outpatient department complaining of back pain that localized to the mid-lower dorsal region. Additionally, he had a nocturnal fever of 39°C for the last month or so, accompanied by fatigue, headaches, and anorexia. Physical examination revealed localized tenderness over the pointed area in the back. Preliminary lab results elicited CRP at 39 mg/L & Brucella agglutination test was 1/320. Hence, a blood culture was ordered, which was positive for the growth of the brucella microorganism.

description: 75 years, male
Negative life experiences and religiosity
Creators: name: Jong, Jonathan
name: Baimel, Adam
name: Ross, Robert
name: McKay, Ryan
name: Bluemke, Matthias
name: Halberstadt, Jamin
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: anxiety
subject: cross-cultural
subject: death anxiety
subject: depression
subject: existential security
subject: god concepts
subject: life satisfaction
subject: locus of control
subject: religion
subject: spirituality
subject: stress
subject: traumatic life experiences

description: This survey includes sociodemographic measures, a negative life experiences inventory, measures of negative affective traits, life satisfaction, existential security, death anxiety, religious belief, religious behaviour, God concepts and religious locus of control. Data was collected from the USA, Brazil, China, India, Indonesia, Russia, Thailand, and Turkey.
Lagrangian and Hamiltonian constraints for guiding-center Hamiltonian theories
Creators: name: Tronko, Natalia
name: Brizard, Alain
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A consistent guiding-center Hamiltonian theory is derived by Lie-transform perturbation method, with terms up to second order in magnetic-field nonuniformity. Consistency is demonstrated by showing that the guiding-center transformation presented here satisfies separate Jacobian and Lagrangian constraints that have not been explored before. A new first-order term appearing in the guiding-center phase-space Lagrangian is identified through a calculation of the guiding-center polarization. It is shown that this new polarization term also yields a simpler expression of the guiding-center toroidal canonical momentum, which satisfies an exact conservation law in axisymmetric magnetic geometries. Lastly, an application of the guiding-center Lagrangian constraint on the guiding-center Hamiltonian yields a natural interpretation for its higher-order corrections.
description: 11 pages
Disentangling the role of structure and friction in shear jamming
Creators: name: Vinutha, H. A.
name: Sastry, Srikanth
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Amorphous packings of spheres have been intensely investigated in order to understand the mechanical and flow behaviour of dense granular matter, and to explore universal aspects of the transition from fluid to structurally arrested or jammed states. Considerable attention has recently been focussed on anisotropic packings of frictional grains generated by shear deformation leading to shear jamming, which occurs below the jamming density for isotropic packings of frictionless grains. With the aim of disentangling the role of shear deformation induced structures and friction in generating shear jamming, we study sheared assemblies of frictionless spheres computationally, over a wide range of densities, extending far below the isotropic jamming point. We demonstrate the emergence of a variety of geometric features characteristic of jammed packings with the increase of shear strain. The average contact number and the distributions of contact forces suggest the presence of a threshold density, well below the isotropic jamming point, above which a qualitative change occurs in the jamming behaviour of sheared configurations. We show that above this threshold density, friction stabilizes the sheared configurations we generate. Our results thus reveal the emergence of geometric features characteristic of jammed states as a result of shear deformation alone, while friction is instrumental in stabilising packings over a range of densities below the isotropic jamming point.
The contribution of temperate phages to coliphage numbers detected by plaque assay
Creators: name: Jiang, Sharon
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Coliphages are potential indicators of human fecal contamination and enteric viruses in ambient water, but current detection methods may underestimate counts by overlooking effects of temperate phages that may reside within the cells of native bacteria. This study evaluated the contribution of temperate phages to male-specific and somatic coliphages numbers from diluted sewage detected by EPA Method 1602, the single agar layer plaque assay. Twenty-two parallel assays were run with and without induction using mitomycin C or ultraviolet light as inducing agents. Ultraviolet light appeared to have toxic effects but coliphage counts of samples exposed to mitomycin C were significantly higher (Wilcoxon signed rank, p < 0.05) than non-induced counts for both somatic and male-specific coliphages. The difference between induced and non-induced counts tended to be small but could affect regulatory decisions for counts close to threshold values.
Generalized Bogoliubov transformations versus ${\mathcal{D}}$% -pseudo-bosons
Creators: name: Bagarello, Fabio
name: Fring, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate that not all generalized Bogoliubov transformations lead to $\cal D$-pseudo-bosons and prove that a correspondence between the two can only be achieved with the imposition of specific constraints on the parameters defining the transformation. For certain values of the parameters we find that the norms of the vectors in sets of eigenvectors of two related apparently non self-adjoint number-like operators possess different types of asymptotic behavior. We use this result to deduce further that they constitute bases for a Hilbert space, albeit neither of them can form a Riesz base. When the constraints are relaxed they cease to be Hilbert space bases, but remain $\cal D$-quasi bases.
description: in press in Journal of Mathematical Physics
Quantum hacking: saturation attack on practical continuous-variable quantum key distribution
Creators: name: Qin, Hao
name: Kumar, Rupesh
name: Alléaume, Romain
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We identify and study a new security loophole in continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CV-QKD) implementations, related to the imperfect linearity of the homodyne detector. By exploiting this loophole, we propose an active side-channel attack on the Gaussian-modulated coherent state CV-QKD protocol combining an intercept-resend attack with an induced saturation of the homodyne detection on the receiver side (Bob). We show that an attacker can bias the excess noise estimation by displacing the quadratures of the coherent states received by Bob. We propose a saturation model that matches experimental measurements on the homodyne detection and use this model to study the impact of the saturation attack on parameter estimation in CV-QKD.We demonstrate that this attack can bias the excess noise estimation beyond the null key threshold for any system parameter, thus leading to a full security break. If we consider an additional criteria imposing that the channel transmission estimation should not be affected by the attack, then the saturation attack can only be launched if the attenuation on the quantum channel is sufficient, corresponding to attenuations larger than approximately 6 dB. We moreover discuss the possible counter-measures against the saturation attack and propose a new counter- measure based on Gaussian post-selection that can be implemented by classical post-processing and may allow to distill secret key when the raw measurement data is partly saturated.
description: 17 pages, 11 figures
Invariants of pairs in SL(4,C) and SU(3,1)
Creators: name: Gongopadhyay, Krishnendu
name: Lawton, Sean
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14D20, 20H10 (Primary), 20C15, 14L30, 20E05, 30F40, 15B57, 51M10 (Secondary)

description: We describe a minimal global coordinate system of order 30 on the SL(4,C)-character variety of a rank 2 free group. Using symmetry within this system, we obtain a smaller collection of 22 coordinates subject to 5 further real relations that determine conjugation classes of generic pairs of matrices in SU(3,1).
description: 15 pages, minor revisions, to appear in the Proceedings of the AMS
Foraging Niches and Resource Partitioning Between Three Co-occurring Songbirds in the Southern Appalachians
Creators: name: Becraft, Katie
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Year: 2013

description: The Black-throated Blue Warbler (Setophaga caerulescens), Black-throated Green Warbler (Setophaga virens), and Blue-headed Vireo (Vireo solitarius) inhabit mixed hardwood and cove forests of the southern Appalachian Mountains. They are similar in that they are small, insectivorous, Neotropical migrants which obtain most of their food primarily from foliage arthropods. In the southern Appalachians, they co-occur frequently, and during the breeding season when energetic demands are high, they could be competing for limited resources. I quantified the foraging niches of these bird species and found that they have different foraging niches and that the presence of each species affects the behavior of the other species for some of the foraging characteristics studied. This suggests that competition is an important factor in determining resource partitioning between these species. These findings have implications for understanding community structure and for informing land management strategies for avian communities in the southern Appalachian Mountains.
Chemical Imaging of the CO Snow Line in the HD 163296 Disk
Creators: name: Qi, Chunhua
name: Oberg, Karin I.
name: Andrews, Sean M.
name: Wilner, David J.
name: Bergin, Edwin A.
name: Hughes, A. Meredith
name: Hogherheijde, Michiel
name: D'Alessio, Paola
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The condensation fronts (snow lines) of H2O, CO and other abundant volatiles in the midplane of a protoplanetary disk affect several aspects of planet formation. Locating the CO snow line, where the CO gas column density is expected to drop substantially, based solely on CO emission profiles is challenging. This has prompted an exploration of chemical signatures of CO freeze-out. We present ALMA Cycle 1 observations of the N2H+ J=3-2 and DCO+ J=4-3 emission lines toward the disk around the Herbig Ae star HD~163296 at ~0.5" (60 AU) resolution, and evaluate their utility as tracers of the CO snow line location. The N2H+ emission is distributed in a ring with an inner radius at 90 AU, corresponding to a midplane temperature of 25 K. This result is consistent with a new analysis of optically thin C18O data, which implies a sharp drop in CO abundance at 90 AU. Thus N2H+ appears to be a robust tracer of the midplane CO snow line. The DCO+ emission also has a ring morphology, but neither the inner nor the outer radius coincides with the CO snow line location of 90 AU, indicative of a complex relationship between DCO+ emission and CO freeze-out in the disk midplane. Compared to TW Hya, CO freezes out at a higher temperature in the disk around HD 163296 (25 vs. 17 K in the TW Hya disk), perhaps due to different ice compositions. This highlights the importance of actually measuring the CO snow line location, rather than assuming a constant CO freeze-out temperature for all disks.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ
title: José Lopes de Sá
Creators: name: Losa Mendiratta, Sidh Daniel
Publisher: name: CHAM, Faculdade de Ciências Sociais e Humanas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa
Year: 2022

description: Entrada biográfica sobre José Lopes de Sá na plataforma eViterbo
description: Mendiratta, Sidh Losa. 2022. José Lopes de Sá. In eViterbo. CHAM, Faculdade de Ciências Sociais e Humanas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa. eISBN: 978-989-8492-77-7
Oriented Threshold Graphs
Creators: name: Boeckner, Derek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Threshold graphs are a prevalent and widely studied class of simple graphs. They have several equivalent definitions which makes them a go-to class for finding examples and counter examples when testing and learning. This versatility has led to many results about threshold graphs and similar structures. We look to generalize this class of graphs to oriented graphs (directed simple graphs.) We give generalizations to four of the most versatile definitions and show their equivalence in the oriented case. We finish with a proof enumerating the number of these oriented threshold graphs which relates to the Fibonacci numbers.
A class of solutions to the Einstein equations with AVTD behavior in generalized wave gauges
Creators: name: Ames, Ellery
name: Beyer, Florian
name: Isenberg, James
name: LeFloch, Philippe G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We establish the existence of smooth vacuum Gowdy solutions, which are asymptotically velocity term dominated (AVTD) and have T3-spatial topology, in an infinite dimensional family of generalized wave gauges. These results show that the AVTD property, which is known to hold for solutions in areal coordinates, is stable to perturbations with respect to the gauge source functions. Our proof is based on an analysis of the singular initial value problem for the Einstein vacuum equations in the generalized wave gauge formalism, and provides a framework which we anticipate to be useful for more general spacetimes.
description: 39 pages
`Alimah to Imamah: Muslim Women's Approaches to Religious Leadership and Authority in the American Context
Creators: name: Ayubi, Zahra M. Shoaib
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: My thesis investigates how traditional notions of religious authority in Muslim societies are complicated and challenged by religious leadership roles and prescriptive stances that two female American Muslim figures, namely Ingrid Mattson and Amina Wadud, take on gender debates in institutional and academic settings. Wadud and Mattson apply their agency in interpreting the religious tradition and scriptural sources, creating or contributing to alternative approaches to religious discourse in a fashion that is decidedly in favor of women assuming leadership roles in Muslim communities. In this thesis I present a three-fold argument. First, a shift in paradigms of Muslim religious authority in the United States is beginning to include gender consciousness as part of community conversations and in some notable, exceptional cases, women such as Mattson and Wadud have taken on roles of religious authority. Secondly, American Muslim women's claims to religious authority do not represent a uniform vision of women and leadership in Islam, as evidenced by the divergent views of Mattson and Wadud on the kinds of public religious roles they feel Muslim women can Qur'anically or legally assume. Finally, scholars of contemporary Islam and gender debates must theoretically wrestle with the role of the United States as a context of these debates, which means looking at Islam in the context of American religious history.
Energy Dependence of Synchrotron X-Ray Rims in Tycho's Supernova Remnant
Creators: name: Tran, Aaron
name: Williams, Brian J.
name: Petre, Robert
name: Ressler, Sean M.
name: Reynolds, Stephen P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Several young supernova remnants exhibit thin X-ray bright rims of synchrotron radiation at their forward shocks. Thin rims require strong magnetic field amplification beyond simple shock compression if rim widths are only limited by electron energy losses. But, magnetic field damping behind the shock could produce similarly thin rims with less extreme field amplification. Variation of rim width with energy may thus discriminate between competing influences on rim widths. We measured rim widths around Tycho's supernova remnant in 5 energy bands using an archival 750 ks Chandra observation. Rims narrow with increasing energy and are well described by either loss-limited or damped scenarios, so X-ray rim width-energy dependence does not uniquely specify a model. But, radio counterparts to thin rims are not loss-limited and better reflect magnetic field structure. Joint radio and X-ray modeling favors magnetic damping in Tycho's SNR with damping lengths ~1--5% of remnant radius and magnetic field strengths ~50--400 $μ$G assuming Bohm diffusion. X-ray rim widths are ~1% of remnant radius, somewhat smaller than inferred damping lengths. Electron energy losses are important in all models of X-ray rims, suggesting that the distinction between loss-limited and damped models is blurred in soft X-rays. All loss-limited and damping models require magnetic fields $\gtrsim$ 20 $μ$G, affirming the necessity of magnetic field amplification beyond simple compression.
description: 17 pages, 9 figures; accepted by ApJ
Air pollution in a tropical city: the relationship between wind direction and lichen bio-indicators in San José, Costa Rica
Creators: name: Bustamante, Erich Neurohr
name: Monge-Nájera, Julián
name: Lutz, María Isabel González
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Lichens are good bio-indicators of air pollution, but in most tropical countries there are few studies on the subject; however, in the city of San José, Costa Rica, the relationship between air pollution and lichens has been studied for decades. In this article we evaluate the hypothesis that air pollution is lower where the wind enters the urban area (Northeast) and higher where it exits San José (Southwest). We identified the urban parks with a minimum area of approximately 5 000m2 and randomly selected a sample of 40 parks located along the passage of wind through the city. To measure lichen coverage, we applied a previously validated 10 x 20cm template with 50 random points to five trees per park (1.5m above ground, to the side with most lichens). Our results (years 2008 and 2009) fully agree with the generally accepted view that lichens reflect air pollution carried by circulating air masses. The practical implication is that the air enters the city relatively clean by the semi-rural and economically middle class area of Coronado, and leaves through the developed neighborhoods of Escazú and Santa Ana with a significant amount of pollutants. In the dry season, the live lichen coverage of this tropical city was lower than in the May to December rainy season, a pattern that contrasts with temperate habitats; but regardless of the season, pollution follows the pattern of wind movement through the city.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures
Sharp weighted norm estimates beyond Calderón-Zygmund theory
Creators: name: Bernicot, Frédéric
name: Frey, Dorothee
name: Petermichl, Stefanie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 58J35, 42B20

description: We dominate non-integral singular operators by adapted sparse operators and derive optimal norm estimates in weighted spaces. Our assumptions on the operators are minimal and our result applies to an array of situations, whose prototype are Riesz transforms / multipliers or paraproducts associated with a second order elliptic operator. It also applies to such operators whose unweighted continuity is restricted to Lebesgue spaces with certain ranges of exponents $(p_0,q_0)$ where $1\le p_0<2
description: 34 pages
Multiplicity of solutions for polyharmonic Dirichlet problems with exponential nonlinearities and broken symmetry
Creators: name: Sterjo, Edger
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove the existence of infinitely many solutions to a class of non-symmetric Dirichlet problems with exponential nonlinearities. Here the domain $Ω\subset\subset \mathbb{R}^{2l}$ where $2l$ is the order of the equation. Considered are the problem with no symmetry requirements on the domain, the radial problem on an annulus, and the radial problem on a ball with a Hardy potential term.
Advances in the ab initio description of nuclear three-cluster systems
Creators: name: Romero-Redondo, Carolina
name: Quaglioni, Sofia
name: Navrátil, Petr
name: Hupin, Guillaume
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce the extension of the ab initio no-core shell model with continuum to describe three-body cluster systems. We present results for the ground state of 6He and show improvements with respect to the description obtained within the no-core shell model and the no-core shell model/resonating group methods.
description: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Few-Body Problems in Physics. May 18-22, 2015. Chicago, Illinois, USA
White skin, white masks: the Creole woman and the narrative of racial passing in Martinique and Louisiana
Creators: name: Rulon, Michael James
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2006

description: Through an examination of two Creole passing subject from literary passing narratives of the twentieth century, this thesis simultaneously treats two problems that have been largely overlooked by contemporary scholarship: the role of the Creole racial identity in the genre of the passing narrative, as well as the possibility of racial passing within the context of a Creole society. In Walter White's 1926 novel, Flight, and Mayotte Capécia's 1950 novel, La négresse blanche, the protagonists' difficulties in negotiating a stable racial identity reveal the inherent weakness of the racial binary that is essential to the very notion of racial passing, and they also show that Creoleness has failed to establish itself as a stable racial identity in the societies represented in both novels.