cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
MeerKAT 21-cm HI imaging of Abell 2626 and beyond
Creators: name: Healy, J.
name: Deb, T.
name: Verheijen, M. A. W.
name: Blyth, S-L.
name: Serra, P.
name: Ramatsoku, M.
name: Vulcani, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The morphology-density relation manifests the environmental dependence of the formation and evolution of galaxies as they continuously migrate through the cosmic web to ever denser environments. As gas-rich galaxies traverse the outskirts and inner regions of galaxy clusters they experience sudden and radical changes in their gas content and star formation activity. The goal of this work is to gain an H$\,$I perspective on gas depletion mechanisms acting on galaxies and galaxy groups that are being accreted by a moderately massive galaxy cluster. We aim to study the relative importance and efficiency of processes such as ram-pressure stripping and tidal interactions as well as their dependency on the local and global environment of galaxies in the cluster core and in its surroundings. We have conducted a blind radio continuum and H$\,$I spectral line imaging survey with the MeerKAT radio telescope of a 2$^\circ$ $\times$ 2$^\circ$ area centred on the galaxy cluster Abell 2626. We have used the CARAcal pipeline to reduce the data, SoFiA to detect sources within the H$\,$I data cube, and GIPSY to construct spatially resolved information on the H$\,$I morphologies and kinematics of the H$\,$I detected galaxies. We have detected H$\,$I in 219 galaxies with optical counterparts within the entire surveyed volume. We present the H$\,$I properties of each of the detected galaxies as a data catalogue and as an atlas page for each galaxy, including H$\,$I column-density maps, velocity fields, position-velocity diagrams and global H$\,$I profiles. These data will also be used for case studies of identified ``jellyfish'' galaxies and galaxy population studies by means of morphological classification of the direct H$\,$I detections as well as using the H$\,$I stacking technique.
description: 20 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics
Dynamics of delay-coupled excitable neural systems
Creators: name: Dahlem, M. A.
name: Hiller, G.
name: Panchuk, A.
name: Schoell, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the nonlinear dynamics of two delay-coupled neural systems each modelled by excitable dynamics of FitzHugh-Nagumo type and demonstrate that bistability between the stable fixed point and limit cycle oscillations occurs for sufficiently large delay times and coupling strength. As the mechanism for these delay-induced oscillations we identify a saddle-node bifurcation of limit cycles.
description: 6 pages, 7 figures
Additional file 1 of Regulatory effects of a novel cysteine protease inhibitor in Baylisascaris schroederi migratory larvae on mice immune cells
Creators: name: Xu, Jing-Yun
name: Gu, XiaoBin
name: Xie, Yue
name: He, Ran
name: Xu, Jing
name: Xiong, Lang
name: Peng, XueRong
name: Yang, GuangYou
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Primers for the investigated genes. The primer sequences in the table are used to detect the relative expression levels of the target genes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) stimulated by PBS, pET-32a, and rBsCPI-1 by qRT-PCR.
Fermionic Singlet Dark Matter in One-Loop Solutions to the $R_K$ Anomaly: A Systematic Study
Creators: name: Becker, Mathias
name: Döring, Dominik
name: Karmakar, Siddhartha
name: Päs, Heinrich
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the dark matter phenomenology of Standard Model extensions addressing the reported anomaly in the $R_K$ observable at one-loop. The article covers the case of fermionic singlet DM coupling leptophilically, quarkphilically or amphiphilically to the SM. The setup utilizes a large coupling of the new particle content to the second lepton generation to explain the $R_K$ anomaly, which in return tends to diminish the dark matter relic density. Further, dark matter direct detection experiments provide stringent bounds even in cases where the dark matter candidate only contributes a small fraction of the observed dark matter energy density. In fact, direct detection rules out all considered models as an explanation for the $R_K$ anomaly in the case of Dirac dark matter. Conversely, for Majorana dark matter, the $R_K$ anomaly can be addressed in agreement with direct detection in coannihilation scenarios. For leptophilic dark matter this region only exists for $M_\text{DM} \lesssim 1000 \, \mathrm{GeV}$ and dark matter is underabundant. Quarkphilic and amphiphilic scenarios even provide narrow regions of parameter space where the observed relic density can be reproduced while offering an explanation to $R_K$ in agreement with direct detection experiments.
description: 48 pages, 7 tables, 16 figures
Role of surfactant-induced Marangoni stresses in drop-interface coalescence
Creators: name: Constante-Amores, C. R.
name: Batchvarov, A.
name: Kahouadji, L.
name: Shin, S.
name: Chergui, J.
name: Juric, D.
name: Matar, O. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effect of surfactants on the dynamics of a drop-interface coalescence using full three-dimensional direct numerical simulations. We employ a hybrid interface-tracking/level-set method, which takes into account Marangoni stresses that arise from surface tension gradients, interfacial and bulk diffusion, and sorption kinetic effects. We validate our predictions against the experimental data of Blanchette and Bigioni [Nat. Phys. 2(4):254-257 (2006)] and perform a parametric study that demonstrates the delicate interplay between the flow fields and those associated with the surfactant bulk and interfacial concentrations. The results of this work unravel the crucial role of the Marangoni stresses in the flow physics of coalescence with particular attention paid to their influence on neck reopening dynamics in terms of stagnation-point inhibition, and near-neck vorticity generation. We demonstrate that surfactant-laden cases feature a rigidifying effect on the interface compared to the surfactant-free case, a mechanism that underpins the observed surfactant-induced phenomena.
Βιοηθικοί προβληματισμοί στη στρατιωτική ιατρική
Creators: name: Τσούσκας, Ιωάννης Λάζαρου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2020
Subjects: Στρατιωτική ιατρική ηθική
Ηθικά διλήμματα
Σύγκρουση ρόλων
Military medical ethics
Ethical dilemmas
Conflict of roles

description: Η στρατιωτική βιοηθική αποτελεί ένα σχετικά ανεξερεύνητο πεδίο. Σκοπός του παρόντος πονήματος ήταν η παρουσίαση των ιδιαίτερων βιοηθικών ζητημάτων, τα οποία προβληματίζουν τον σύγχρονο Στρατιωτικό Ιατρό προκύπτουν κατά την άσκηση της ιατρικής, εντός του ιδιαίτερου πλαισίου της στρατιωτικής υπηρεσίας, στην ειρηνική περίοδο και κυρίως κατά τη διάρκεια πολεμικών επιχειρήσεων. Οι ιατροί των Ενόπλων Δυνάμεων, παρόλο που έχουν τις ίδιες ηθικές υποχρεώσεις προς τους ασθενείς τους, σε σχέση με τους πολίτες συναδέλφους τους, εντούτοις αντιμετωπίζουν συχνά έντονα ηθικά διλήμματα. Αυτό οφείλεται στις αντικρουόμενες υποχρεώσεις τους, οι οποίες απορρέουν από τη διπλή τους ιδιότητα, του ιατρού και του στρατιώτη. Ως εκ τούτου, επιχειρήθηκε επιπλέον μια ηθική θεώρηση της Στρατιωτικής Ιατρικής, ως συνδυασμού δύο φαινομενικά αντικρουόμενων ηθικών αξιακών συστημάτων και αναζητήθηκαν τρόποι, ώστε ο στρατιωτικός ιατρός να μπορεί να αντεπεξέλθει με ισορροπημένο, από ηθικής απόψεως, τρόπο στα διπλά του καθήκοντα.
description: Military medical ethics is a relatively unexplored field. The aim of this thesis was the presentation of the bioethical issues, which worry the modern military physicians, in their medical practice, within the strict military work frame, in peacetime and mainly during armed conflict. While physicians of the Armed Forces have the same ethical obligations towards their patients, as their civilian counterparts, however they often encounter intense ethical dilemmas, due to their dual role as physicians and soldiers. Hence, we attempted an additional ethical consideration of Military Medicine, as a combination of two seemingly conflicting ethical value systems. Furthermore, we tried to identify ways for military medical officers to cope with their dual duties in an ethically balanced way.
Polarons: from single polaron to short scale phase separation
Creators: name: Kabanov, V. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Short review of the phase separation in the system of charged polarons.
description: 18 pages 5 figures, to be published in Polarons in Advanced Materials, Ed. A. S. Alexandrov (Canopus/Springer Publishing, Bristol) (2007)
Non-unitary Entanglement Dynamics in Continuous Variable Systems
Creators: name: Zhou, Tianci
name: Chen, Xiao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct a random unitary Gaussian circuit for continuous-variable (CV) systems subject to Gaussian measurements. We show that when the measurement rate is nonzero, the steady state entanglement entropy saturates to an area-law scaling. This is different from a many-body qubit system, where a generic entanglement transition is widely expected. Due to the unbounded local Hilbert space, the time scale to destroy entanglement is always much shorter than the one to build it, while a balance could be achieved for a finite local Hilbert space. By the same reasoning, the absence of transition should also hold for other non-unitary Gaussian CV dynamics.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Growth and energy requirements of captive Great Blue Herons (Ardea Herodias)
Creators: name: Bennett, Darin Chris
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2008

description: The energy requirements of Great Blue Herons (Ardea herodias) during critical stages of their life-history when food is considered limiting were investigated. The metabolizable energy coefficients (MEC) of herring (Clupea harengus), mackerel (Scomber scombrus) and trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) when fed to Great Blue Herons were determined. Estimates of apparent MEC of mackerel and trout were affected by the level of energy intake. Correcting for endogenous energy losses in the excreta yielded estimates of true MEC that were independent of energy intake. True MEC of mackerel and trout averaged 0.866 ± 0.014. Correcting for nitrogen retention did not improve the estimates of MEC. Estimates of MEC of herring were highly variable, possibly due to rancidity of the herring. A continuous feeding trial was used to determine the energy requirements of 12 hand-reared Great Blue Heron chicks. Male (n=8) and female (n=4) chicks did not differ in their hatching mass, but, by day 30 the mass of male chicks was significantly greater than the mass of female chicks. Male chicks were about 13% heavier than female chicks at fledging. Metabolizable energy intake (EIME) and energy requirements did not differ between male and female chicks. EIME was maximum between days 26 and 41 at 2027 ± 25 kJ/d. Total energy required for maintenance (kJ/d) was greatest between 30 and 39 d of age. Total energy required for gain (kJ/d) was greatest between 10 and 29 d of age, the time of maximum growth. The maintenance energy requirements (EMAIN) of captive male Great Blue Herons were determined by a continuous feeding trial through two autumn and winter periods (year 1, n = 4; year 2, n = 10) that differed in the severity of their winter months. Body mass increased through the autumn to a maximum in early winter and declined during late winter. Herons gained about 650 g between August and the time of peak winter mass. This reserve could potentially meet a heron's total maintenance energy requirements for about 6 d. The lower critical temperature for energy intake and EMAIN were 7.9°C and 7.6°C, respectively. The findings in this thesis provide evidence to support field observations that indicate the importance of food limitations as determinants of life-history traits in herons.
Ψυχοδυναμικές προσεγγίσεις στην παραβατικότητα ανηλίκων
Creators: name: Αληγιζάκης, Ευάγγελος Αντωνίου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2020
Subjects: Θεσμική ψυχοθεραπεία
Παραβατικότητα ανηλίκων
Eπιμελητής ανηλίκων
Insitutional Psychotherapy
Juvenile delinquency
Juvenile probation officer

description: Σκοπός της διατριβής ήταν να προσδιοριστούν αρχές και πρακτικές της ψυχοδυναμικής προσέγγισης που αφορούν στα αίτια και στην πλαισίωση της παραβατικότητας των ανηλίκων. Εξετάσαμε τις διαπιστώσεις των θεωρητικών της ψυχοδυναμικής θεωρίας για την βία. Στη συνέχεια παρουσιάσαμε αναλυτικά δύο σημαντικά παραδείγματα ξενώνων ανηλίκων παραβατών, του D.W. Winnicott στην Μ. Βρετανία και του S. Tomkiewicz στην Γαλλία. Τέλος αναφερθήκαμε αναλυτικά στην λειτουργία της Υπηρεσίας Επιμελητών Ανηλίκων στην Ελλάδα και στην προοπτική εφαρμογής αρχών της θεσμικής ψυχοθεραπείας στον τρόπο εργασίας των επιμελητών ανηλίκων.Σκοπός της διατριβής ήταν να προσδιοριστούν αρχές και πρακτικές της ψυχοδυναμικής προσέγγισης που αφορούν στα αίτια και στην πλαισίωση της παραβατικότητας των ανηλίκων. Εξετάσαμε τις διαπιστώσεις των θεωρητικών της ψυχοδυναμικής θεωρίας για την βία. Στη συνέχεια παρουσιάσαμε αναλυτικά δύο σημαντικά παραδείγματα ξενώνων ανηλίκων παραβατών, του D.W. Winnicott στην Μ. Βρετανία και του S. Tomkiewicz στην Γαλλία. Τέλος αναφερθήκαμε αναλυτικά στην λειτουργία της Υπηρεσίας Επιμελητών Ανηλίκων στην Ελλάδα και στην προοπτική εφαρμογής αρχών της θεσμικής ψυχοθεραπείας στον τρόπο εργασίας των επιμελητών ανηλίκων.
description: The aim of the present thesis was to specify principles and practices of the psycodynamic approach in relation to the causes and the containment of juvenile delinquency. We examined the ascertainments of psycodynamic scholars regarding violence. Then we presented two significant paradigms of institutions housing juvenile deliquents, Winnicott’s in Great Britain and Tomkiewicz’s in France. We also analysed the operation of Juvenile Probation Agency in Greece and underlined the necessity of implementing the principles of institutional psycotherapy by juvenile probation officers.
Μορφολογική και χημική ανάλυση της υπεναλατωμένης αδαμαντίνης νεογιλών δοντιών και σύγκριση με την αδαμαντίνη των μόνιμων δοντιών τύπου υπεναλάτωσης γομφίων τομέων
Creators: name: Αληφακιώτη, Ευγενία Βασίλειου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2020
Subjects: Υπεναλάτωση αδαμαντίνης
νεογιλοί γομφίοι
χημική σύσταση
enamel hypomineralisation
enamel microstructure
chemical composition

description: Σκοπός. Οι υπεναλατωμένοι δεύτεροι νεογιλοί γομφίοι (ΥΔΝΓ) χαρακτηρίζονται από την ίδια οντότητα με τα μόνιμα δόντια γνωστή ως Υπεναλάτωση Γομφίων-Τομέων (ΥΓΤ), χωρίς όμως να έχει μελετηθεί η δομή και η σύσταση της ελαττωματικής τους αδαμαντίνης. Σκοπός της παρούσης εργασίας είναι να μελετηθεί η δομή και η χημική σύσταση των ΥΔΝΓ καθώς και να συγκριθεί με την ΥΓΤ. Υλικά και Μέθοδοι. Εννέα υπεναλατωμένοι νεογιλοί γομφίοι και πέντε πρώτοι μόνιμοι γομφίοι με υπεναλάτωση σπασμένοι ή διχοτομημένοι διάμεσου της ελαττωματικής αδαμαντίνης τους εξετάστηκαν στο ηλεκτρονικό μιρκοσκόπιο σάρωσης. Οι σχετικές τιμές ασβεστίου (Ca), φωσφόρου (P), οξυγόνου (O), άνθρακα (C) και ο λόγος Ca:P για τους νεογιλούς γομφίους υπολογίστηκαν με τη χρήση φασματοσκοπίου διάχυτης ενέργειας. Αποτελέσματα. Το πλάτος των αδαμαντινικών πρισμάτων ήταν ανεπαρκές στην υπεναλατωμένη αδαμαντίνη των ΥΔΝΓ οδηγώντας σε ευρεία μεσοπρισματική περιοχή, γεγονός που παρατηρήθηκε και στη δομή των δοντιών με ΥΓΤ. Σε περιοχές με απόσπαση αδαμαντίνης, παρατηρήθηκαν έντονες ρωγμές και διαταραγμένη συνοχή μεταξύ των πρισμάτων. Οι διαφορές στις τιμές Ca, P, O, C και του λόγου Ca:P ανάμεσα στην υπεναλατωμένη και υγιή αδαμαντίνη ακολουθούν την ίδια τάση με αυτή της ΥΓΤ χωρίς στατιστική σημαντικότητα. Συμπέρασμα. Σημαντικές διαφορές επιβεβαιώθηκαν ανάμεσα στην υγιή και την υπεναλατωμένη αδαμαντίνη των νεογιλών γομφίων, και παρόμοια δομή μεταξύ των υπεναλατωμένων νεογιλών και μόνιμων γομφίων.
description: Purpose. Although hypomineralised second primary molars (HSPM) are considered belonging in the same entity as molar incisor hypomineralisation (MIH), the structure and chemistry of their defected enamel has not been described. We aimed to study these in justifying any similarities with MIH. Methods. Nine HSPM and five first permanent molars with MIH were either fractured or sectioned longitudinally through their defective enamel and examined by scanning electron microscopy. Relative amounts of calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), oxygen (O), carbon (C) and the Ca:P ratio were calculated in the primary molar samples by Energy Dispersive Spectrometry. Results. Rod width was deficient in the defected enamel of HSPM resulting to wide interrod spaces and suggesting similarities to permanent enamel structure in MIH. In areas with break-down, cracks and disrupted coherence between enamel rods were more marked. Differences in Ca, P, O, C and Ca:P ratio between hypomineralised and sound enamel in HSPM followed the same trend as in MIH without reaching statistical significance. Conclusion. Marked structural differences between sound and hypomineralised enamel of HSPM and similarity to MIH enamel was verified.
Additional file 3: of Transmembrane protein GRINA modulates aerobic glycolysis and promotes tumor progression in gastric cancer
Creators: name: Xu, Dan-Hua
name: Li, Qing
name: Hu, Hao
name: Ni, Bo
name: Liu, Xu
name: Huang, Chen
name: Zhang, Zi-Zhen
name: Zhao, Gang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Table S3. siRNA sequence used in this study. (DOCX 443 kb)
Thermally assisted adiabatic quantum computation
Creators: name: Amin, M. H. S.
name: Love, Peter J.
name: Truncik, C. J. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effect of a thermal environment on adiabatic quantum computation using the Bloch-Redfield formalism. We show that in certain cases the environment can enhance the performance in two different ways: (i) by introducing a time scale for thermal mixing near the anticrossing that is smaller than the adiabatic time scale, and (ii) by relaxation after the anticrossing. The former can enhance the scaling of computation when the environment is superohmic, while the latter can only provide a prefactor enhancement. We apply our method to the case of adiabatic Grover search and show that performance better than classical is possible with a superohmic environment, with no a priori knowledge of the energy spectrum.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, Final version to appear in PRL
Operating a passive on-chip superconducting circulator: device control and quasiparticle effects
Creators: name: Le, Dat Thanh
name: Muller, Clemens
name: Navarathna, Rohit
name: Fedorov, Arkady
name: Stace, T. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Microwave circulators play an important role in quantum technology based on superconducting circuits. The conventional circulator design, which employs ferrite materials, is bulky and involves strong magnetic fields, rendering it unsuitable for integration on superconducting chips. One promising design for an on-chip superconducting circulator is based on a passive Josephson-junction ring. In this paper, we consider two operational issues for such a device: circuit tuning and the effects of quasiparticle tunneling. We compute the scattering matrix using adiabatic elimination and derive the parameter constraints to achieve optimal circulation. We then numerically optimize the circulator performance over the full set of external control parameters, including gate voltages and flux bias, to demonstrate that this multi-dimensional optimization converges quickly to find optimal working points. We also consider the possibility of quasiparticle tunneling in the circulator ring and how it affects signal circulation. Our results form the basis for practical operation of a passive on-chip superconducting circulator made from a ring of Josephson junctions.
Percolation on Growing Lattices
Creators: name: Tiggemann, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In order to investigate the dependence on lattice size of several observables in percolation, the Hoshen-Kopelman algorithm was modified so that growing lattices could be simulated. By this way, when simulating a lattice of size L, lattices of smaller sizes can be simulated in the same run for free, saving computing time. Here, site percolation in three dimensions was studied. Lattices of up to L=5000, with many L-steps in between, have been simulated, for occupation probabilities of p=0.25, p=0.3, p=p_c=0.311608, and p=0.35.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures; submitted to Int. J. Mod. Phys. C
Floquet Engineering of Lie Algebraic Quantum Systems
Creators: name: Bandyopadhyay, Jayendra N.
name: Thingna, Juzar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a `Floquet engineering' formalism to systematically design a periodic driving protocol in order to stroboscopically realize the desired system starting from a given static Hamiltonian. The formalism is applicable to quantum systems which have an underlying closed Lie-algebraic structure, for example, solid-state systems with noninteracting particles moving on a lattice or its variant described by the ultra-cold atoms moving on an optical lattice. Unlike previous attempts at Floquet engineering, our method produces the desired Floquet Hamiltonian at any driving frequency and is not restricted to the fast or slow driving regimes. The approach is based on Wei-Norman ansatz, which was originally proposed to construct a time-evolution operator for any arbitrary driving. Here, we apply this ansatz to the micro-motion dynamics, defined within one period of the driving, and obtain the driving protocol by fixing the gauge of the micro-motion. To illustrate our idea, we use a two-band system or the systems consisting of two sub-lattices as a testbed. Particularly, we focus on engineering the cross-stitched lattice model that has been a paradigmatic flat-band model.
description: 5 (Main Text) + 11 (Supplementary) pages, 3 figures. Accepted in Physical Review B Letters
Προσδιορισμός χημικής σύστασης ξυλώδους βιομάζας του Αείλανθου (Ailanthus altissima) με σκοπό την αξιοποίησή της στην παραγωγή χημικών προϊόντων και ενέργειας
Creators: name: Τερζοπούλου-Μπάρμπα, Ζωή-Πασχαλίνα Ν. Χ.
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2020
Subjects: Αείλανθος
Χημική σύσταση
Βιομάζα
Ailanthus altissima
chemical composition
Βiomass

description: Σκοπός της διατριβής ήταν η αξιολόγηση δυνατοτήτων ορθότερης και πληρέστερης αξιοποίησης της βιομάζας του αείλανθου (Ailanthus altissima) μελλοντικά, ως πρώτη ύλη στην παραγωγή προϊόντων υψηλής προστιθέμενης αξίας, πολύτιμων χημικών προϊόντων, εδαφοβελτιωτικών, προϊόντων βιομάζας, βιοκαυσίμων και παραγωγής ενέργειας. Πραγματοποιήθηκε ποσοτικός προσδιορισμός των χημικών συστατικών (ποσοστό εκχυλισμάτων, κυτταρίνης, ημικυτταρινών, λιγνίνης, τέφρας) διαφόρων τμημάτων τριών δέντρων του συγκεκριμένου είδους, με χρήση εργαστηριακών μεθόδων χημικών αναλύσεων/εκχυλίσεων. Για πρώτη φορά, σύμφωνα με την ανασκόπηση βιβλιογραφίας, πραγματοποιείται στην παρούσα μελέτη διερεύνηση της οριζόντιας μεταβλητότητας της χημικής σύστασης του είδους, και η καταγραφή διαφορών μεταξύ πρώιμου-όψιμου μέρους των αυξητικών δακτυλίων του ξύλου και μεταξύ τμημάτων διαφορετικών αυξητικών δακτυλίων του ξύλου του κορμού. Επίσης, πραγματοποιείται έλεγχος της χημικής σύστασης του φλοιού των εξεταζόμενων δέντρων, γίνεται σύγκριση των χημικών ιδιοτήτων μεταξύ φλοιού και ξύλου, αλλά προσδιορίζονται και κάποιες φυσικές ιδιότητες των υλών, όπως ισοδύναμη περιεχόμενη υγρασία, πυκνότητα και pH, των διαφόρων τμημάτων βιομάζας του είδους, οι οποίες θεωρούνται υψηλής σημασίας για την αξιοποίηση του είδους.
description: The aim of the present thesis was to evaluate the possibilities of a rational and integrated utilization of the woody biomass of the deciduous hardwood species of Tree-of-heaven (Ailanthus altissima) in the future, as a raw material in the production of high value-added products, valuable chemicals, fertilizerss, biomass products, solid biofuels and energy production. The chemical components (percentage of extracts, cellulose, hemicelluloses, lignin, ash) of different sections of three trees of this species were quantified, using laboratory methods of chemical analyses / extractions. For the first time, according to the literature review, in the present study, the horizontal variability of the chemical composition of the species is investigated, and the differences between the earlywood-latewood part of the wood annual rings and between parts of different wood annual rings are recorded and analyzed. Additionally, the chemical composition of the bark of the examined trees is analysed, the chemical properties are compared between bark and wood and some physical properties of the materials are determined, such as moisture content, density and pH, of the different biomass parts of Ailanthus, crucial for its utilization.
Vegetative storage protein accumulation and physiological changes occurring within interior spruce seedlings
Creators: name: Binnie, Sheila Catherine
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2008

description: The appearance and accumulation of vegetative storage proteins in nursery-grown Interior spruce seedlings (Picea glauca and P.engelmanni complex) was evaluated along with changes in seedling physiology. The 30 kD and 27 kD vegetative storage proteins (VSP) appeared after vegetative maturity (budset) and accumulated during the development of rest and the acquisition of cold hardiness. This trend was observed in bud extracts of three seedlots QL, EK, and PG as well as in the ambient treatment (natural fluctuations in photoperiod and temperature) of seedlot FIN. Stem and root tissue had similar accumulation patterns. Cold hardiness levels were measured using the electrolyte leakage method. This test is used annually to predict lifting date for cold storage of seedlings. Both the LT₅₀ (temperature for 50% electrolyte leakage) and the index of injury at -18°C (I.I.@-18°C) were low during early fall when storage protein levels were negligible in seedlot QL extracts. Afterwards, hardiness (I.I.@-18°C) was acquired and VSP accumulated until late October. Scanning densitometry of SDS-PAGE gels indicated that 15% of total protein was VSP by early November. These changes were accompanied by a decline in photosystem II activity, mitotic index, and dormancy. In seedlot QL, vegetative storage protein patterns were correlated to LT₅₀ (r = -0.972), photosystem II activity (r = -0.971), index of injury at -18°C (r = -0.900) and days to budbreak (r = -0.893). Seedlings stored at 4°C showed a slight decline in VSP and a decrease in seedling quality after 6 months of storage. Fall acclimation treatments -- long day 16 hr, 10°C days/5°C night (LD/Cold), short day <12 hr, 22°C day/18°C night (SD/Warm), and Ambient treatment -- indicated that prolonged short days caused maximum VSP accumulation within 30 days whereas under ambient conditions it took between 80 to 100 days. Cold temperatures may help cause the normal gradual increase in VSP and cold hardiness within buds. The SD/warm root bark was not as strongly influenced by daylength as bud and stem tissue because VSP accumulation was gradual. Although SD/warm seedlings accumulated maximum VSP levels, these seedlings remained dormant and did not become cold hardy. The results indicate that VSP accumulation and cold hardiness usually develop in parallel but they are unrelated. Under normal fall acclimation conditions, VSP accumulation and cold hardiness acquisition patterns are very similar; therefore, both could be used to predict lifting date in the future, with VSP used to predict lifting date and hardiness testing used to ensure cold hardiness.
Effects of fluctuations on the initial eccentricity from the Color Glass Condensate in heavy ion collisions
Creators: name: Drescher, H. -J.
name: Nara, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a modified form of the Kharzeev-Levin-Nardi (KLN) approach for nuclear collisions. The new ansatz for the unintegrated gluon distribution function preserves factorization, and the saturation scale is bound from below by that for a single nucleon. It also reproduces the correct scaling with the number of collisions at high transverse momentum. The corresponding Monte Carlo implementation allows us to account for fluctuations of the hard sources (nucleons) in the transverse plane. We compute various definitions of the eccentricity within the new approach, which are relevant for the interpretation of the elliptic flow. Our approach predicts breaking of the scaling of the eccentricity with the Glauber eccentricity at the level of about 30%.
description: 9 pages, 10 figures, Updated version as accepted by Phys.Rev.D
Stochastic Electron Acceleration by Temperature Anisotropy Instabilities Under Solar Flare Plasma Conditions
Creators: name: Riquelme, Mario
name: Osorio, Alvaro
name: Verscharen, Daniel
name: Sironi, Lorenzo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using 2D particle-in-cell (PIC) plasma simulations we study electron acceleration by temperature anisotropy instabilities, assuming conditions typical of above-the-loop-top (ALT) sources in solar flares. We focus on the long-term effect of $T_{e,\perp} > T_{e,\parallel}$ instabilities by driving the anisotropy growth during the entire simulation time, through imposing a shearing or a compressing plasma velocity ($T_{e,\perp}$ and $T_{e,\parallel}$ are the temperatures perpendicular and parallel to the magnetic field). This magnetic growth makes $T_{e,\perp}/T_{e,\parallel}$ grow due to electron magnetic moment conservation, and amplifies the ratio $ω_{ce}/ω_{pe}$ from $\sim 0.53$ to $\sim 2$ ($ω_{ce}$ and $ω_{pe}$ are the electron cyclotron and plasma frequencies, respectively). In the regime $ω_{ce}/ω_{pe}\lesssim 1.2-1.7$ the instability is dominated by oblique, quasi-electrostatic (OQES) modes, and the acceleration is inefficient. When $ω_{ce}/ω_{pe}$ has grown to $ω_{ce}/ω_{pe}\gtrsim 1.2-1.7$, electrons are efficiently accelerated by the inelastic scattering provided by unstable parallel, electromagnetic z (PEMZ) modes. After $ω_{ce}/ω_{pe}$ reaches $\sim 2$, the electron energy spectra show nonthermal tails that differ between the shearing and compressing cases. In the shearing case, the tail resembles a power-law of index $α_s \sim$ 2.9 plus a high-energy bump reaching $\sim 300$ keV. In the compressing runs, $α_s \sim$ 3.7 with a spectral break above $\sim 500$ keV. This difference can be explained by the different temperature evolutions in these two types of simulations, suggesting a critical role played by the type of anisotropy driving, $ω_{ce}/ω_{pe}$ and the electron temperature in the efficiency of the acceleration.
description: 15 pages, 13 figures
Statistical search for angular non-stationarities of long gamma-ray burst jets using Swift data
Creators: name: Budai, Andor
name: Raffai, Peter
name: Borgulya, Balint
name: Dawes, Brian Albert
name: Szeifert, Gabor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In Budai et al. (2020) we argued that angular non-stationarities of gamma-ray burst (GRB) jets can result in a statistical connection between the angle values deduced from jet break times and the variabilities of prompt light curves. The connection should be an anti-correlation if luminosity densities of jets follow a power-law or a uniform profile, and a correlation if they have a Gaussian profile. In this follow-up paper, we search for the connection by measuring Spearman's rank correlation coefficient in a sample of 19 long GRBs observed by the Swift satellite. Using 16 of the GRBs with well-defined angle measurements, we find $ρ= -0.20_{-0.09}^{+0.09}$ and $p = 0.46_{-0.19}^{+0.23}$. Adding three more GRBs to the sample, each with a pair of equally possible angle values, can strengthen the anti-correlation to $ρ=-0.31_{-0.08}^{+0.07}$ and $p=0.19_{-0.09}^{+0.14}$. We show that these results are incompatible with non-stationary jets having Gaussian profiles, and that $\gtrsim\!100$ GRBs with observed afterglows would be needed to confirm the potential existence of the angle-variability anti-correlation with $3σ$ significance. If the connection is real, GRB jet angles would be constrainable from prompt gamma light curves, without the need of afterglow observations.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure, published in MNRAS, The codes we used to produce the results of Budai et al. (2020) and this paper can be accessed at https://github.com/BMetod
Σύγκριση Μικρο και Νανο - Σκληρομέτρησης σε Οδοντικούς Ιστούς και σε Οδοντιατρικά Υλικά
Creators: name: Μπίζμπος, Γεώργιος Χρήστου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2020
Subjects: Σύγκριση Μικρο και Νανο Σκληρομέτρησης
Οδοντικούς Ιστούς
Οδοντιατρικά Υλικά
Comparison of Microindentation and Nanoindentation
Dental Tissues
Dental Materials

description: Η παρούσα διπλωματική εργασία εξετάζει σε θεωρητικό και πειραματικό επίπεδο την σκληρότητα των οδοντικών υλικών σε δύο κλίμακες, την Νανοκλίμακα αλλά και την Μικροκλίμακα. Σε πολύ μεγάλα βάθη διείσδυσης αλλά και σε πολύ μικρά βάθη διείσδυσης αντίστοιχα. Στο πρώτο κεφάλαιο αναφέρονται βασικές έννοιες για την μέθοδο της Μίκρο και Νανοσκληρομέτρησης, τις θεωρητικές βάσεις, τις τεχνικές που χρησιμοποιούνται για τα πειράματα αλλά και τους βασικούς παράγοντες που επηρεάζουν τις μετρήσεις. Στο δεύτερο κεφάλαιο γίνεται μια βιβλιογραφική ανασκόπηση που αφορά την θεωρία των υλικών που δοκιμάζονται αλλά και την προετοιμασία των δειγμάτων για τα πειράματα της σκληρομέτρησης. Στο τρίτο κεφάλαιο γίνεται η περιγραφή παρασκευής των δοκιμίων για τους οδοντικούς ιστούς (οδοντίνη) και για το οδοντιατρικό υλικό, μια συμβατική υαλοϊονομερή κονία (GIC) που χρησιμοποιήθηκαν. Στο τέταρτο κεφάλαιο αναλύεται η πειραματική διαδικασία όπου γίνεται η σύγκριση των αποτελεσμάτων της σκληρότητας για την μίκρο σκληρομέτρηση όπως και τα αποτελέσματα της σκληρότητας για την νάνο σκληρομέτρηση στα δύο υλικά. Τέλος, παρουσιάζονται τα συμπεράσματα της διπλωματικής εργασίας καθώς και επίσης προτείνονται ιδέες για επιπρόσθετη μελέτη.
description: This thesis discusses in theoretical and experimental level the hardness of dental materials in two scales, the Nanoscale and the Microscale. In very large depths of penetration but also in very small depths of penetration respectively. In the first chapter, some basic concepts of the Nanoindentation technique are discussed, along with the theoretical background, the methods typically used and the main factors affecting the measurements. In the second chapter, a literature review is conducted, related to the theory of the materials that are tested and the preparation of the samples for the hardness experiments. In the third chapter, describes the preparation of the test tubes for the dental tissues (dentine) and for the dental material, glass ionomer cement (GIC) that were used. In the fourth chapter, the experimental procedure is analyzed and compared the results of the hardness for the microhardness as well as the results of the hardness for the nanohardness in the two materials. Finally, the results of this thesis along with some new concepts for additional research are also proposed.
Optical Calibration System for the LUX-ZEPLIN (LZ) Outer Detector
Creators: name: Turner, W.
name: Baxter, A.
name: Birch, H. J.
name: Boxer, B.
name: Burdin, S.
name: Fraser, E.
name: Greenall, A.
name: Powel, S.
name: Sutcliffe, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The LUX-ZEPLIN experiment will search for dark matter particle interactions with a detector containing a total of 10 tonnes of liquid xenon. Surrounding the liquid xenon cryostat is an outer detector veto system with the primary aim of vetoing neutron single-scatter events in the liquid xenon that could mimic a weakly interacting massive particle (WIMP) dark matter signal. The outer detector consists of approximately 17 tonnes of gadolinium-loaded liquid scintillator confined to 10 acrylic tanks surrounding the cryostat and 228,000 litres of water as the outermost layer. It will be monitored by 120 inward-facing 8-inch photomultiplier tubes. An optical calibration system has been designed and built to calibrate and monitor these photomultiplier tubes allowing the veto system to reach its required efficiency and thus ensuring that LUX-ZEPLIN meets its target sensitivity.
From downtown to the outskirts: a radio survey of the Orion Nebula Cluster
Creators: name: Vargas-González, Jaime
name: Forbrich, Jan
name: Dzib, Sergio A.
name: Bally, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a newly enlarged census of the compact radio population towards the Orion Nebula Cluster (ONC) using high-sensitivity continuum maps (3-10 $μ$Jy bm$^{-1}$) from a total of $\sim30$ h centimeter-wavelength observations over an area of $\sim$20$'\times20'$ obtained in the C-band (4$-$8 GHz) with the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array (VLA) in its high-resolution A-configuration. We thus complement our previous deep survey of the innermost areas of the ONC, now covering the field of view of the Chandra Orion Ultra-deep Project (COUP). Our catalog contains 521 compact radio sources of which 198 are new detections. Overall, we find that 17% of the (mostly stellar) COUP sources have radio counterparts, while 53% of the radio sources have COUP counterparts. Most notably, the radio detection fraction of X-ray sources is higher in the inner cluster and almost constant for $r>3'$ (0.36 pc) from $θ^1$ Ori C suggesting a correlation between the radio emission mechanism of these sources and their distance from the most massive stars at the center of the cluster, for example due to increased photoionisation of circumstellar disks. The combination with our previous observations four years prior lead to the discovery of fast proper motions of up to $\sim$373 km s$^{-1}$ from faint radio sources associated with ejecta of the OMC1 explosion. Finally, we search for strong radio variability. We found changes in flux density by a factor of $\lesssim$5 within our observations and a few sources with changes by a factor $>$10 on long timescales of a few years.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS, 17 pages, 12 figures
Μικροκυματική Ακτινοβόληση Δειγμάτων με Νανοσωματίδια και Εκτίμηση της Συνεισφοράς τους στην Υπερθερμία
Creators: name: Μπόλης, Κωνσταντίνος Ανέστη
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2020
Subjects: Μικροκύματα
Υπερθερμία
Νανοσωματίδια
Microwaves
Hyperthermia
Nanoparticles

description: Η υπερθερμία αποτελεί μία πολύ σημαντική σύγχρονη μέθοδο αντιμετώπισης του καρκίνου, με τη χρήση μη ιονιζουσών ακτινοβολιών. H τεχνική βασίζεται στην επίτευξη υψηλών θερμοκρασιών μέσω των οποίων επιτυγχάνεται η φθορά ή και η καταστροφή καρκινικών κυττάρων, καθώς και η αύξηση της αποδοτικότητας άλλων μορφών θεραπειών, όπως της χημειοθεραπείας και της ακτινοθεραπείας όταν έχουμε συνδυασμένη χρήση τους. Ωστόσο, το βασικό μειονέκτημα της μεθόδου είναι ότι δεν μπορεί να υπάρξει σαφής διάκριση μεταξύ καρκινικών κυττάρων και υγιών ιστών. Η χρήση της νανοτεχνολογίας μπορεί να ριζοσπαστικοποιήσει τον τρόπο με τον οποίο εφαρμόζεται η υπερθερμία στον ασθενή με την απορρόφηση της ενέργειας στα καρκινικά κύτταρα όπου συγκεντρώνονται επιλεκτικά ορισμένα νανοσωματίδια. Στην εργασία αυτή, χρησιμοποιήθηκε μικροκυματική ακτινοβολία συχνότητας 1,5GHz, η οποία ακτινοβολήθηκε μέσω κατάλληλης κεραίας χοάνης σε έξι διαφορετικά δείγματα νανοσωματιδίων. Συγκεκριμένα, χρησιμοποιήθηκε ένα δείγμα με νανοσωματίδια μαγνητίτη (Fe3O4), τέσσερα δείγματα με φερρίτες βισμουθίου (BiFeO3) και ένα δείγμα με νανοσωματίδια αργύρου (Ag). Σκοπός της εργασίας ήταν η μελέτη του μηχανισμού θέρμανσης των νανοσωματιδίων και της συνεισφοράς τους στην ενίσχυση της υπερθερμίας. Οι παράμετροι που εξετάστηκαν ήταν το περιβάλλον μέσο, στο οποίο ήταν διασκορπισμένα τα νανοσωματίδια, ώστε να εξεταστεί η επίδραση της ηλεκτρικής αγωγιμότητας και των μηχανικών ιδιοτήτων τους, καθώς και η απόσταση από την οποία πραγματοποιήθηκε η ακτινοβόληση.
description: Hyperthermia is an important modern method for treating cancer, using non-ionizing radiation. The technique is based on achieving high temperatures through which the erosion or destruction of cancer cells is achieved, as well as on increasing the efficiency of other treatments, such as chemotherapy and radiation therapy, when there is a combined use. However, the main disadvantage of the method is that there can be no clear distinction between cancer cells and healthy tissues. The use of nanotechnology can radicalize the way hyperthermia is applied to the patient by absorbing energy in cancer cells where certain nanoparticles are selectively concentrated. In this work, 1.5GHz microwave radiation was used, which was irradiated by a suitable horn antenna on six different nanoparticle samples. Specifically, one sample with magnetite nanoparticles (Fe3O4), four samples with bismuth ferrites (BiFeO3) and one sample with silver (Ag) nanoparticles were used. The purpose of this study was to study the heating mechanism of nanoparticles and their contribution to the enhancement of hyperthermia. The parameters examined were the ambient medium in which the nanoparticles were dispersed to study the effect of electrical conductivity and their mechanical properties, as well as the distance from which the irradiation took place.
Investigating the performance of GROBID and OUTCITE
Creators: name: Pagnotta, Olga
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: In a prior study (Cioffi & Peroni, 2022), we analysed the available reference extraction tools to understand their performances off-the-shelf – i.e. by using them as they have been configured, without prior training. We evaluated them against a corpus of 56 PDF articles (our gold standard) published in 27 subject areas (Computer Science, Arts and Humanities, Mathematics, etc.). From that analysis, we have identified the two most promising tools for bibliographic reference extraction and parsing, i.e. Anystyle and Grobid, which are CRF based. We have extended such study by training Grobid against an extended gold standard with various training configurations to understand how much the performances improve. As a result, we have also revised the code used for testing and comparing the reference extraction software to make it available also for others to be reused for similar analysis. Othe tests have been performed on OUTCITE and new conversions and evaluations softwares have been created for the purpose. The final aim of this work is to develop a reference extraction service which enables a user to provide a PDF of a scholarly article in input and to have, in return, citation data and bibliographic metadata from all the references that are cited by the given article in a format that enables their ingestion in OpenCitations (Peroni & Shotton, 2020). The demo of the service is available online. 

This publication is part of my Thesis research for the Digital Humanities and Digital Knowledge Master's Course at University of Bologna

Some publications related to the research:

The gold standard can be found here, Pagnotta, O. (2024). CEX Project - Dataset and Gold Standard [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10535653.

The code can be found here Pagnotta, O. (2024). olgagolgan/CEX-Project: CEX Project Code (software). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10638757.

The output dataset of GROBID, Anystyle and OUTCITE can be found here Pagnotta, O. (2024). CEX Project - Output Dataset (Anystyle, GROBID, OUTCITE) (Version 1) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10524898.

The training dataset of GROBID can be found here Pagnotta, O. (2024). CEX Project - GROBID annotation aligned Gold Standard (Version 1) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10529646.

The trained GROBID citation models can be found here Pagnotta, O. (2024). CEX Project - trained GROBID citation models. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10529709.

The final service can be found here Pagnotta, O. and Paolini, L. (2024). opencitations/cec: alpha version (service). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10635630.
Weakly non-ergodic Statistical Physics
Creators: name: Rebenshtok, Adi
name: Barkai, Eli
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We find a general formula for the distribution of time averaged observables for weakly non-ergodic systems. Such type of ergodicity breaking is known to describe certain systems which exhibit anomalous fluctuations, e.g. blinking quantum dots and the sub-diffusive continuous time random walk model. When the fluctuations become normal we recover usual ergodic statistical mechanics. Examples of a particle undergoing fractional dynamics in a binding force field are worked out in detail. We briefly discuss possible physical applications in single particle experiments.
Sterile dark matter and reionization
Creators: name: Kusenko, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Sterile neutrinos with masses in the keV range can be the dark matter, and their emission from a supernova can explain the observed velocities of pulsars. The sterile neutrino decays could produce the x-ray radiation in the early universe, which could have an important effect on the formation of the first stars. X-rays could ionize gas and could catalyze the production of molecular hydrogen during the ``dark ages''. The increased fraction of molecular hydrogen could facilitate the cooling and collapse of the primordial gas clouds in which the first stars were formed.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, to appear in proceedings of 7th UCLA Symposium on sources and detection of dark matter and dark energy in the universe, 22-24 Feb 2006, Marina de Rey, California