cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Unified Topological Response Theory for Gapped and Gapless Free Fermions
Creators: name: Bulmash, Daniel
name: Hosur, Pavan
name: Zhang, Shou-Cheng
name: Qi, Xiao-Liang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive a scheme for systematically enumerating the responses of gapped as well as gapless systems of free fermions to electromagnetic and strain fields starting from a common parent theory. Using the fact that position operators in the lowest Landau level of a quantum Hall state are canonically conjugate, we consider a massive Dirac fermion in $2n$ spatial dimensions under $n$ mutually orthogonal magnetic fields and reinterpret physical space in the resulting zeroth Landau level as phase space in $n$ spatial dimensions. The bulk topological responses of the parent Dirac fermion, given by a Chern-Simons theory, translate into quantized insulator responses, while its edge anomalies characterize the response of gapless systems. Moreover, various physically different responses are seen to be related by the interchange of position and momentum variables. We derive many well-known responses, and demonstrate the utility of our theory by predicting spectral flow along dislocations in Weyl semimetals.
description: 19 pages, 7 figures
Spiral patterns in planetesimal circumbinary disks
Creators: name: Demidova, Tatiana V.
name: Shevchenko, Ivan I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Planet formation scenarios and the observed planetary dynamics in binaries pose a number of theoretical challenges, especially in what concerns circumbinary planetary systems. We explore the dynamical stirring of a planetesimal circumbinary disk in the epoch when the gas component disappears. For this purpose, following theoretical approaches by Heppenheimer (1978) and Moriwaki and Nakagawa (2004), we develop a secular theory for the dynamics of planetesimals in circumbinary disks. If the binary is eccentric and its components have unequal masses, a spiral density wave is generated, engulfing the disk on the secular timescale, which may exceed 10^7 yr, depending on the problem parameters. The spiral pattern is transient; thus, its observed presence may betray system's young age. We explore the pattern both analytically and in numerical experiments. The derived analytical spiral is a modified lituus; it matches the numerical density wave in the gas-free case perfectly. Using the SPH scheme, we explore the effect of residual gas on the wave propagation.
description: 21 pages, 5 figures
Universal Set of Gates for Microwave Dressed-State Quantum Computing
Creators: name: Mikelsons, Gatis
name: Cohen, Itsik
name: Retzker, Alex
name: Plenio, Martin B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a set of techniques that enable universal quantum computing to be carried out using dressed states. This applies in particular to the effort of realising quantum computation in trapped ions using long-wavelength radiation, where coupling enhancement is achieved by means of static magnetic-field gradient. We show how the presence of dressing fields enables the construction of robust single and multi-qubit gates despite the unavoidable presence of magnetic noise, an approach that can be generalised to provide shielding in any analogous quantum system that relies on the coupling of electronic degrees of freedom via bosonic modes.
O'RXUN ENASOY OBIDALARI
Creators: name: Muhammadjonova, Gulsanam
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Ushbu maqola O’rux- Enasoy bitiktoshlari haqida ma’lumot berishdan tashqari u yerlardan yana qanday qimmatli buyumlar borligi haqida ma’lumot keltirilgan.
title: Kapitalismus und Demokratie im Lichte des Spannungsverhältnisses von Bewusstsein und Materialität
Creators: name: Kluger, Adrian Anselm
Year: 2022

description: Die vorliegende Arbeit befasst sich mit den systematischen Verschränkungen zwischen der schrittweisen Ausweitung demokratischer Inklusion im Anschluss an die Französische Revolution und der Entwicklung der kapitalistischen Wirtschaftsweise. Es wird aus Sicht eines dialektisch-materialistischen theoretischen Zugangs argumentiert, dass die demokratische Evolution der letzten etwa 250 Jahre im Wesentlichen ein Effekt des kapitalistischen Wirtschaftssystems darstellt, welches in seinem Verlauf die ursprünglichen Herrschaftsverhältnisse des Feudalismus durch die Verschiebung der ökonomischen Machtverhältnisse aufgrund veränderter Zyklen aus Produktion und Konsumtion zu einer Adaptierung zwang, die schließlich in die liberale Demokratie mündete. Die von Antonio Gramsci stammende Vorstellung vom Staat als Verdichtung von Klassenverhältnissen ermöglicht es sodann, am Beispiel Österreichs die Adaptierung der ursprünglichen feudalen Herrschaftsverhältnisse aufgrund von Impulsen ausgehend von der Entwicklung des kapitalistischen Systems im Verlauf der Zeit zu analysieren. Eine kapitalistisch bedingte, schrittweise Inklusion immer weiterer Teile der Gesellschaft in die Gruppe der Herrschenden gipfelte in dessen radikaler Ausweitung auf einen Großteil der Gesellschaft zuerst nach dem Ersten Weltkrieg, ultimativ jedoch erst im Anschluss an den zweiten Weltkrieg in Form des Systems der liberalen Demokratie. Ihr großer Erfolg war jedoch allem voran dem Aufkommen des Konsumkapitalismus nach 1945 geschuldet, der ein Kreislaufsystem von Produktion und Konsum an ‚Ort und Stelle‘ mit dem Effekt kontinuierlichen Wirtschaftswachstums und allgemeinen Wohlstandsanstiegs hervorbrachte. Eine beeindruckende Überlappung der Interessen von Kapital und Arbeit war die Folge. Mit den zunehmenden Anzeichen gesättigter Märkte und abnehmender Unternehmensgewinne am Ende der Neunzehnsechziger und im Verlauf der Siebziger begann jedoch ein erneutes Auseinanderdriften der Interessen von Kapital und Arbeit, welches die Auflösung der materiellen Grundlagen des liberaldemokratischen Konsenses zur Folge hatte. Mit der anschließenden Neoliberalisierung der (Welt-)Wirtschaft begann ein Niedergang demokratischer Inklusion, der bis heute anhält und die historische Anomalie der ‚Demokratie‘ allem Anschein nach beenden wird.
title: Nationalsozialismus in Wien - zwischen kollektiver Erinnerung und kollektivem Vergessen in der Gedenklandschaft von der Nachkriegszeit bis heute
Creators: name: Amenitsch, Marie-Dorothée
Year: 2022

description: Die Masterarbeit beschäftigt sich mit dem Thema Erinnerungskultur am Beispiel von Wien. Unter dem Titel „Nationalsozialismus in Wien – zwischen kollektiver Erinnerung und kollektivem Vergessen in der Gedenklandschaft von der Nachkriegszeit bis heute” wird der Forschungsfrage nachgegangen, wie Erinnerungen – am Beispiel Wiens – konstruiert werden und wann das Erinnern einem kollektiven Vergessen weicht. Hierfür werden verschiedene Orte, Denkmäler, Plätze, Straßenzüge etc. in Wien herangezogen und geschichtlich kontextualisiert, um zu zeigen, in welcher Form erinnert oder vergessen wird. So wird durch einen retrospektiven Blick herausgearbeitet, wie sich die kollektive Erinnerung im Laufe der Zeit verändert hat. Wesentliche Punkte, die damit zusammenhängen, sind Fragen nach der Gestaltung des Erinnerungsortes, nach den Personengruppen, an die erinnert wird, nach gesellschaftlichen Umständen und Initiativen, die an der Errichtung des Erinnerungsortes beteiligt waren, sowie nach möglichen Kritikpunkten an den Narrativen des Erinnerungsortes. Bei der Analyse der Erinnerungsorte dient das SANE-Analysemodell für „mnemonische Objekte“ als Vorlage. Den theoretischen Rahmen bilden die erinnerungskulturellen Ansätze von Aleida und Jan Assmann, Maurice Halbwachs und Pierre Nora. Auch Theorien zur Funktionsweise von Denkmälern werden herangezogen, allen voran die Thesen von Johann Gustav Droysen. Der erste Teil der Arbeit konzentriert sich auf konkrete Gedächtnisorte bzw. Denkmäler in Wien konzentriert, wobei ein Bogen von der unmittelbaren Nachkriegszeit bis ins Jahr 2022 gespannt wird. Im zweiten Teil der Arbeit liegt der Fokus auf Orten in Wien, an denen es zu keiner adäquaten Form der Erinnerung kommt. Orte, die in diesem Zusammenhang behandelt werden, sind zum Beispiel die Liliputbahn im Wiener Prater oder das ehemalige Gestapo-Hauptquartier. Ziel der Arbeit ist es also, eine Topographie der Erinnerungsorte in Wien in chronologischer Reihenfolge zu skizzieren, die kritisch hinterfragt wird und vor allem auf Leerstellen im kollektiven Gedächtnis aufmerksam macht.
Spin-Fluctuation-Driven Nematic Charge-Density-Wave in Cuprate Superconductors: Impact of Aslamazov-Larkin-Type Vertex Correction
Creators: name: Yamakawa, Youichi
name: Kontani, Hiroshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a microscopic derivation of the nematic charge-density-wave (CDW) formation in cuprate superconductors based on the three-orbital d-p Hubbard model, by introducing the vertex correction (VC) into the charge susceptibility. The CDW instability at $q=(Δ_{FS},0)$, $(0,Δ_{FS})$ appears when the spin fluctuations are strong, due to the strong charge-spin interference represented by the VC. Here, $Δ_{FS}$ is the wavenumber between the neighboring hot spots. The obtained spin-fluctuation-driven CDW is expressed as the "intra-unit-cell orbital order" accompanied by the charge transfer between the neighboring atomic orbitals, which is actually observed by the STM measurements. We predict that the cuprate CDW and the nematic orbital order in Fe-based superconductors are closely related spin-fluctuation-driven phenomena.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures, supplemental material was added, to be published in Phys. Rev. Lett
Additional file 1 of Assessing data quality from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink: a methodological approach applied to the full blood count blood test
Creators: name: Virdee, Pradeep S.
name: Fuller, Alice
name: Jacobs, Michael
name: Holt, Tim
name: Birks, Jacqueline
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 1: 1. Mathematical equations linking FBC components. 2. Medical code of zero. 3. Number of mismatched pairs that were rectified into a single parameter per FBC parameter. 4. Number of components for each unit of measure per FBC parameter. 5. Summary of quantiles and number of tests available per FBC parameter. 6. Stata programming used to assess the quality of FBC data recorded in the Test dataset of the CPRD database
The role of MSSM heavy Higgs production in the self coupling measurement of the 125 GeV Higgs boson at the LHC
Creators: name: Bhattacherjee, Biplob
name: Choudhury, Arghya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Measurement of the self coupling of 125 GeV Higgs boson is one of the most crucial tasks for high luminosity run of the LHC and it can only be measured in the di-Higgs final state. In the minimal supersymmetric standard model, heavy CP even Higgs ($H$) can decay into lighter 125 GeV Higgs boson ($h$) and therefore influence the di-Higgs production. We investigate the role of single $H$ production in the measurement of self coupling of $h$. We find that $H \rightarrow hh$ decay can nontrivially affect the $h$ self coupling measurement in low tan$β$ regime when the mass of the heavy Higgs boson lies between 250 - 600 GeV and depending on the parameter space it may be seen as an enhancement of the self coupling of 125 GeV Higgs boson.
description: 20 pages, 3 figures; References added; Text updated with more detailed results and new figures, To appear in Phys. Rev. D
Additional file 1 of Differences in sarcopenia prevalence between upper-body and lower-body based EWGSOP2 muscle strength criteria: the Tromsø study 2015–2016
Creators: name: Johansson, Jonas
name: Strand, Bjørn Heine
name: Morseth, Bente
name: Hopstock, Laila Arnesdatter
name: Sameline Grimsgaard
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Participant Flow Chart. All inhabitants in Tromsø municipality aged 40 years and older (N = 32,591) were invited to the basic examination. A sub-sample (N = 13,028) was pre-marked for invitation to participate in the extended examination conducted approximately 2 weeks later. This sub-sample consisted of a) a randomized sample (N = 9925), and b) Tromsø 6 (2007–2008) participants who attended body composition, echocardiogram and eye examinations (n = 3103). A total of 21,083 women and men aged 40–99 years attended the basic examination (65%). A total of 8346 attended the extended examination (64% of the original pre-marked sub-sample and 90% of the sub-sample who also attended the basic examination). In the present study we included participants aged 40–84 years with complete data from physical function and body composition measurements (n = 3498).
Propagating weights of tori along free resolutions
Creators: name: Galetto, Federico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 13D02, 20G05

description: The action of a torus on a graded module over a polynomial ring extends to the entire minimal free resolution of the module. We explain how to determine the action of the torus on the free modules in the resolution, when the resolution can be calculated explicitly. The problem is reduced to analyzing how the weights of a torus propagate along an equivariant map of free modules. The results obtained are used to design algorithms which have been implemented in the software system Macaulay2.
description: Includes various corrections, a new introductory example and examples for the algorithms
Additional file 1 of The economic burden of measles in children under five in Bangladesh
Creators: name: Broucker, Gatien De
name: Sayem Ahmed
name: Md. Zahid Hasan
name: Mehdi, Gazi Golam
name: Campo, Jorge Martin Del
name: Md. Wazed Ali
name: Md. Jasim Uddin
name: Dagna Constenla
name: Patenaude, Bryan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: Medicine
Biotechnology
Cancer
Science Policy
Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Supplementary tables and figures featuring additional subgroup comparisons and costs in 2018 Bangladeshi Takas (BDT).
title: Aktuelle innenpolitische Krisen in der politischen Bildung der AHS-Oberstufe am Beispiel der Inseratenaffäre 2021
Creators: name: Stelzeneder, Johanna
Year: 2022

description: Die Arbeit widmet sich der Frage, wie aktuelle innenpolitische Krisen in der Politischen Bildung den Allgemeinbildenden Höheren Schulen (AHS) behandelt werden können. Dazu werden zuerst die rechtlichen Vorgaben, konkret der Lehrplan der AHS und der Grundsatzerlass für Politische Bildung, und die fachdidaktische Literatur zum Thema vorgestellt. Schwerpunkte liegen auf den Zielen Politischer Bildung, den politischen Kompetenzen (Urteils-, Handlungs-, Methoden- und Sachkompetenz), den fachdidaktischen Prinzipien (z.B. Handlungsorientierung, Kontroversität), dem Umgang mit Emotionen, Wert- und Moralvorstellungen und dem Handeln als digital citizens. In einem zweiten Schritt wurden Interviews mit fünf österreichischen AHS-Lehrpersonen geführt und ausgewertet, welche die Inseratenaffäre im Jahr 2021 rund um den damaligen Bundeskanzler Sebastian Kurz im Fach Geschichte, Sozialkunde und Politische Bildung thematisierten. Nach einer fachlichen, chronologischen Darstellung der Regierungskrise, die im Oktober 2021 durch die Inseratenaffäre ausgelöst wurde, münden die Ergebnisse schließlich zu konkreten Unterrichtsvorschlägen zusammen. Neun Unterrichtsentwürfe mit einer Dauer zwischen 15 und 50 Minuten und unterschiedlichen Anforderungsniveaus sowie Themenschwerpunkten sollen Lehrenden als Ideensammlung dienen, wie sie aktuelle innenpolitische Krisen in ihrem Unterricht behandeln können. Die Übungen können zur Gänze oder teilweise übernommen werden und müssen aufgrund der mittlerweile fehlenden Aktualität der Inseratenaffäre an neue Krisen (oder auch politische Konflikte und Skandale) angepasst werden. Die Unterrichtsvorschläge sollen Lehrende der Politischen Bildung unterstützen, trotz Zeitmangels und anderer Schwierigkeiten gelegentlich die Tagespolitik in den Unterricht zu holen.
El culto a la Santa Muerte y a Jesús Malverde: textos culturales con matices de narcodevoción
Creators: name: Solano, Andrea Méndez
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Jesús Malverde
Santa Muerte
Textos culturales
Bien simbólico

description: Un pequeño ensayo presentado en el curso denominado: Introducción al Drama Popular. Dentro de la cultura popular, esa esfera donde se consume y recrea las tradiciones de un pueblo para mantener la identidad social, la cohesión y la pertinencia dentro de un grupo, podemos encontrar la religiosidad popular que se refiere a la visión que tiene el pueblo sobre la creencia (el binomio fe y superstición), pero que no se encuentra legitimada, es una representación esencial que se incorpora a la problemática de la identificación, donde la subjetividad es conminada a sumergirse en el seno de la misma representación colectiva que la aliena (Cros, 1997). Este marco referencial es donde se va a sentar la base de la investigación acerca de los santos populares: Jesús Malverde y la Santa Muerte.
Comparing resolved-sideband cooling and measurement-based feedback cooling on an equal footing: analytical results in the regime of ground-state cooling
Creators: name: Jacobs, Kurt
name: Nurdin, Hendra I.
name: Strauch, Frederick W.
name: James, Matthew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that in the regime of ground-state cooling, simple expressions can be derived for the performance of resolved-sideband cooling --- an example of coherent feedback control --- and optimal linear measurement-based feedback cooling for a harmonic oscillator. These results are valid to leading order in the small parameters that define this regime. They provide insight into the origins of the limitations of coherent and measurement-based feedback for linear systems, and the relationship between them. These limitations are not fundamental bounds imposed by quantum mechanics, but are due to the fact that both cooling methods are restricted to use only a linear interaction with the resonator. We compare the performance of the two methods on an equal footing --- that is, for the same interaction strength --- and confirm that coherent feedback is able to make much better use of the linear interaction than measurement-based feedback. We find that this performance gap is caused not by the back-action noise of the measurement but by the projection noise. We also obtain simple expressions for the maximal cooling that can be obtained by both methods in this regime, optimized over the interaction strength.
description: 14 pages, 2 png figures; v2: revised for publication
THE QUANTUM LEAP IN EARLY CANCER DETECTION - REVOLUTIONIZING DIAGNOSIS WITH QUANTUM-INSPIRED TECHNOLOGY
Creators: name: Brandl, Edenilson
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Cancer
Early detection
Quantum technology
Quantum-inspired medical imaging
Quantum-enhanced ultrasonography
Superposition
Patient-friendly
Non-invasive
Patient outcomes
Healthcare innovation

description: This article explores the pivotal role of early cancer detection in improving patient outcomes and the limitations of current diagnostic methods in identifying the disease at its nascent stages. It introduces the concept of quantum-inspired technology, particularly quantum-enhanced ultrasonography, as a promising solution to revolutionize cancer diagnosis. Quantum principles, including superposition, are discussed in the context of their application to medical imaging, enabling the detection of subtle changes at the quantum level. The text delves into the potential impact of this technology on cancer research, preclinical drug evaluation, and the patient experience, emphasizing its non-invasive and radiation-free nature. The article envisions a future where early cancer diagnosis becomes the standard, offering a brighter and more hopeful outlook for individuals diagnosed with cancer.
 
Dieser Artikel untersucht die entscheidende Rolle der Krebsfrüherkennung bei der Verbesserung der Patientenergebnisse und die Einschränkungen aktueller Diagnosemethoden bei der Identifizierung der Krankheit im Entstehungsstadium. Es stellt das Konzept der quanteninspirierten Technologie, insbesondere der quantenverstärkten Ultraschalluntersuchung, als vielversprechende Lösung zur Revolutionierung der Krebsdiagnose vor. Quantenprinzipien, einschließlich Superposition, werden im Kontext ihrer Anwendung auf die medizinische Bildgebung diskutiert, die die Erkennung subtiler Veränderungen auf Quantenebene ermöglicht. Der Text befasst sich mit den potenziellen Auswirkungen dieser Technologie auf die Krebsforschung, die präklinische Arzneimittelbewertung und die Patientenerfahrung und betont ihren nicht-invasiven und strahlungsfreien Charakter. Der Artikel sieht eine Zukunft vor, in der die frühe Krebsdiagnose zum Standard wird und den Menschen, bei denen Krebs diagnostiziert wurde, bessere und hoffnungsvollere Aussichten bietet.
Observation of pair condensation in the quasi-2D BEC-BCS crossover
Creators: name: Ries, M. G.
name: Wenz, A. N.
name: Zürn, G.
name: Bayha, L.
name: Boettcher, I.
name: Kedar, D.
name: Murthy, P. A.
name: Neidig, M.
name: Lompe, T.
name: Jochim, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The condensation of fermion pairs lies at the heart of superfluidity. However, for strongly correlated systems with reduced dimensionality the mechanisms of pairing and condensation are still not fully understood. In our experiment we use ultracold atoms as a generic model system to study the phase transition from a normal to a condensed phase in a strongly interacting quasi-two-dimensional Fermi gas. Using a novel method, we obtain the in situ pair momentum distribution of the strongly interacting system and observe the emergence of a low-momentum condensate at low temperatures. By tuning temperature and interaction strength we map out the phase diagram of the quasi-2D BEC-BCS crossover.
Additional file 2 of Differences in sarcopenia prevalence between upper-body and lower-body based EWGSOP2 muscle strength criteria: the Tromsø study 2015–2016
Creators: name: Johansson, Jonas
name: Strand, Bjørn Heine
name: Morseth, Bente
name: Hopstock, Laila Arnesdatter
name: Sameline Grimsgaard
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2. Comparison of study sample to larger sample with only physical function measures.
Fixation properties of subdivided populations with balancing selection
Creators: name: Lombardo, Pierangelo
name: Gambassi, Andrea
name: Dall'Asta, Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In subdivided populations, migration acts together with selection and genetic drift and determines their evolution. Building up on a recently proposed method, which hinges on the emergence of a time scale separation between local and global dynamics, we study the fixation properties of subdivided populations in the presence of balancing selection. The approximation implied by the method is accurate when the effective selection strength is small and the number of subpopulations is large. In particular, it predicts a phase transition between species coexistence and biodiversity loss in the infinite-size limit and, in finite populations, a nonmonotonic dependence of the mean fixation time on the migration rate. In order to investigate the fixation properties of the subdivided population for stronger selection, we introduce an effective coarser description of the dynamics in terms of a voter model with intermediate states, which highlights the basic mechanisms driving the evolutionary process.
description: 19 pages, 13 figures
MCAA statement on IPCC report "Global Warming of 1.5 °C"
Creators: name: Geffroy, Ewan
name: Masia, Marco
name: Laera, Andreina
name: Lavidas, George
name: Shayegh, Soheil
name: Jolivet, Renaud Blaise
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018

description: On October 9th, 2018, the International Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) released a special report that forecasts global temperature to increase by 1.5 °C above pre-industrial levels between 2030 and 2052, at the rate of +0.2 °C per decade. Such increase will result in significant additional environmental damage that can be mitigated only by heavily cutting on CO 2 emissions. In addition, the development and spreading of new technologies and good policies form key components of the adaptations necessary to face the challenges posed by such dramatic change. Challenges come with opportunities, and as recommended by IPCC guidelines, societal changes need to promote social justice and equity to build a fair, peaceful and cooperative world. The Marie Curie Alumni Association hereby expresses its support to the conclusions of the IPCC report, and provides the following comments and recommendations (see document). For more from the Marie Curie Alumni Association, please see: https://zenodo.org/communities/mcaa
Validation of Danish wind time series from a new global renewable energy atlas for energy system analysis
Creators: name: Andresen, Gorm Bruun
name: Søndergaard, Anders Aspegren
name: Greiner, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new high-resolution global renewable energy atlas ({REatlas}) that can be used to calculate customised hourly time series of wind and solar PV power generation. In this paper, the atlas is applied to produce 32-year-long hourly model wind power time series for Denmark for each historical and future year between 1980 and 2035. These are calibrated and validated against real production data from the period 2000 to 2010. The high number of years allows us to discuss how the characteristics of Danish wind power generation varies between individual weather years. As an example, the annual energy production is found to vary by $\pm10\%$ from the average. Furthermore, we show how the production pattern change as small onshore turbines are gradually replaced by large onshore and offshore turbines. Finally, we compare our wind power time series for 2020 to corresponding data from a handful of Danish energy system models. The aim is to illustrate how current differences in model wind may result in significant differences in technical and economical model predictions. These include up to $15\%$ differences in installed capacity and $40\%$ differences in system reserve requirements.
High-energy gamma-ray and neutrino backgrounds from clusters of galaxies and radio constraints
Creators: name: Zandanel, Fabio
name: Tamborra, Irene
name: Gabici, Stefano
name: Ando, Shin'ichiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cosmic-ray protons accumulate for cosmological times in clusters of galaxies as their typical radiative and diffusive escape times are longer than the Hubble time. Their hadronic interactions with protons of the intra-cluster medium generate secondary electrons, gamma-rays and neutrinos. We here estimate the contribution from clusters to the diffuse gamma-ray and neutrino backgrounds. We model the cluster population by means of their mass function, using a phenomenological luminosity-mass relation applied to all clusters, as well as a detailed semi-analytical model. Additionally, we consider observationally-motivated values for the cluster magnetic field. This is a crucial parameter since the observed radio counts due to synchrotron emission by secondary electrons need to be respected. For a choice of parameters respecting all current constraints, and assuming a spectral index of -2, we find that hadronic interactions in clusters contribute by less than 10% to the extragalactic gamma-ray background observed by Fermi and to the IceCube flux. They account for less than 1% for spectral indices <=-2. The neutrino flux observed by IceCube can be reproduced without violating constraints only if a very hard (and speculative) spectral index >-2 is adopted. However, this scenario is in tension with the IceCube data, which seem to suggest a spectral energy distribution of the neutrino flux that decreases with energy. In the case of proton-photon interactions, we find that very likely protons do not reach sufficiently high energies to produce neutrinos in clusters. We argue that our results are optimistic due to our assumptions, and that clusters of galaxies cannot give any relevant contribution to the extragalactic gamma-ray and neutrino backgrounds. Finally, we find that the cluster contribution to the angular fluctuations in the gamma-ray background is subdominant, less than 10%. [abridged]
description: Matches published version. 12 pages, 6 figures
title: Der Einsatz von Learning-Apps in GSP
Creators: name: Erer, Hanna
Year: 2022

description: Das Auftreten des neuartigen Coronavirus im Jahre 2019 hat die Normalität im Alltag sowie in der Schule von heute auf morgen lahm gelegt. Das soziale Leben wurde auf ein Minimum heruntergefahren und der Schulunterricht wurde vom Klassenzimmer in das Kinderzimmer verlegt. Lösungen für fehlende technische Infrastrukturen muss-ten schnellstmöglich gefunden werden. Unterrichtsmethoden wurden auf digitaler Ebene auf bisher nicht verwendeten Plattformen durchgeführt. LehrerInnen sowie SchülerInnen standen in allen Unterrichtsfächern vor großen Herausforderungen. Diese Masterarbeit widmet sich im Besonderen dem Fach Geschichte, Sozialkunde und Politische Bildung im schulischen Bereich der Sekundarstufe 1. Dabei soll die digitale Unterrichtsmethode der Learning-Apps in den Vordergrund gerückt werden. Mittels empirischer Datenerhebung soll herausgefunden werden, inwiefern sich der Einsatz von Learning-Apps auf die Mitarbeit von SchülerInnen im Distance-Learning auswirkt. Darüber hinaus wird eine Unterrichtsplanung ausgearbeitet, die den Einsatz einer bestimmten Learning-App beinhaltet.
description: The emergence of the novel coronavirus in 2019 had a huge impact on daily life and schools. Social life was shut down overnight to an absolute minimum. Schools had to switch from in-classroom teaching to distance teaching. Headmasters had to look for solutions for missing technical infrastructures as fast as possible. Ordinary teaching methods had to be organized digitally enabled on hitherto unknown platforms. Teachers and students had to face major challenges in all school subjects. This mas-ter’s thesis focusses primarily upon the subject of History, Social Studies, and Politi-cal Education in the secondary level 1. Digital teaching methods are focused, espe-cially Learning-Apps. The question of how the use of Learning-Apps has an impact on students’ participation in distance teaching settings should be answered by empir-ical data gathering. Furthermore, there will be made a design for a lesson which in-cludes the use of a special Learning-App.
Referenzimplementierung für offene szientometrische Indikatoren (ROSI)
Creators: name: Heller, Lambert
name: Hauschke, Christian
name: Lilienthal, Svantje
name: Fraumann, Grischa
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: scientometrics, altmetrics

description: Vorstellung des Projektes ROSI (Referenzimplementierung für offene szientometrische Indikatoren)
title: Rechtsformgestaltung beim Unternehmensverkauf
Creators: name: Mittermair, Michael
Year: 2022

description: Kern dieser Arbeit ist die Forschungsfrage, ob es eine (ertrags-)steuerlich bevorzugte Rechtsform im Zuge eines Unternehmensverkaufs gibt. Dabei werden unter ausschließlicher Bezugnahme auf natürliche Personen (als Einzelunternehmer oder Gesellschafter von Personengesellschaften) und Körperschaften die (ertrags-)steuerlichen Auswirkungen auf Seiten eines Verkäufers und Käufers getrennt auf die verschiedenen Phasen eines Unternehmensverkaufs Pre- Closing, Closing und Post-Closing analysiert. In der Phase des Pre-Closing steht die steuerliche Verwertbarkeit von Transaktionskosten im Mittelpunkt. Im Zuge des Closing wiederum geht die Arbeit insbesondere auf die Besteuerung des erhaltenen Kaufpreises auf Seiten eines Verkäufers, den Ansatz der übertragenen Vermögensgegenstände auf Seiten eines Käufers und die damit zusammenhängende Abschreibung von Vermögensgegenständen ein. Schließlich werden in der Phase des Post-Closing die laufende Besteuerung nach dem Unternehmenskauf sowie zukünftige Änderungen von Steuersätzen untersucht. Ferner ist Bestandteil dieser Arbeit das Umgründungssteuergesetz und eine Analyse dessen Möglichkeiten, unter bestimmten Voraussetzungen speziell im Hinblick auf den Unternehmensverkauf die steuerlich vorteilhafteste Rechtsform zu wählen.
description: The key research question of this paper is whether there is a preferred legal form for (income) tax purposes in the course of a sale of a business. With exclusive reference to natural persons (as sole entrepreneurs or partners of partnerships) and corporations, the (income) tax effects on the part of a seller and buyer are analyzed separately for the different phases of a company sale Pre-Closing, Closing and Post-Closing. In the Pre-Closing phase, the focus is on the tax recoverability of transaction costs. In the course of the Closing, the paper deals in particular with the taxation of the purchase price received on the part of a seller, the valuation of the transferred assets on the part of a buyer and the related depreciation of assets. Finally, in the Post-Closing phase, the current taxation after the business acquisition as well as future changes in tax rates are examined. Furthermore, this work includes the Reorganization Tax Act and an analysis of its possibilities to choose the most tax-efficient legal form with regard to the sale of a business.
Additional file 1 of Revealing lost 16th-century royal emblems on two Andrea Amati’s violins using XRF scanning
Creators: name: Radepont, Marie
name: Jean-Philippe Échard
name: Ockermüller, Matthias
name: Codre, Hortense De La
name: Oulfa Belhadj
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: Medicine

description: Additional file 1: Figures and Tables.
Multi-Boson Correlation Sampling with Multi-mode Thermal Sources
Creators: name: Tamma, Vincenzo
name: Laibacher, Simon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The determination of the computational complexity of the boson sampling problem with single boson sources has opened a novel research direction in the quantum computing field. Some research effort has also been devoted towards the use of different input sources where the sampling from the output distribution of a linear interferometer is still a complex task not achievable by a classical device. In this letter, we discuss the use of multi-mode thermal sources, based on a generalization of the boson sampling problem which relies on time-correlation measurements. We derive, for any possible sample, two equivalent formulations for the respective multi-boson correlation functions in terms of matrix permanents. The properties of these permanents emerging from the physics of multi-boson interference raise essential questions in the field of complexity theory. Our results are a manifestation of the physics behind correlated measurements in either photonic or atomic interferometers with bosonic thermal sources. This fascinating physics paves the way towards important applications not only in quantum computing but also in quantum metrology and quantum communication, by taking advantage of different kinds of bosonic sources.
title: Mediale Reaktion auf die Geschäftsordnungskrise des Nationalrats vom 4. März 1933 und die Notverordnungen bis zum 24. März 1933
Creators: name: Heinz, Marcel
Year: 2022

description: Die vorliegende Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit einem der einschneidendsten Ereignisse der Ersten Republik in Österreich und dem schon seit langem eingebürgertem Mythos der „Selbstausschaltung des Parlaments“. Dabei wird vor allem die Berichterstattung der Parteizeitungen der Sozialdemokratischen Arbeiterpartei, der Christlichsozialen Partei und der großdeutschen Volkspartei betrachtet. Es werden die Ereignisse der Geschäftsordnungskrise des 4. März 1933 und den Notverordnungen bis zum 24. März 1933, die in jenen Tagen verlautbart worden waren, in der Abbildung der jeweiligen Parteiauffassung analysiert. Der Fokus liegt auf dem Ausmaß der Berichterstattung innerhalb der jeweiligen Zeitung, der positiven, negativen oder sachlich/faktenbasierten Berichterstattung zu den Ereignissen beziehungsweise den Notverordnungen.
Cachrys pungens Jan ex Guss.: the essential oil chemical composition of the accession growing wild in Sicily (Italy)
Creators: name: Sgadari, Francesco
name: Vaglica, Alessandro
name: Porrello, Antonella
name: Crisafulli, Alessandro
name: Schicchi, Rosario
name: Bruno, Maurizio
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology

description: The genus Cachrys L., included within the Apiaceae family, has a wide geographical distribution. It has a fairly complex nomenclatural history as it is shared with two other genera: Hippomarathrum Link non P.G. Gaertn., B. Mey. & Scherb., and Prangos Lindl. Cachrys pungens Jan ex Guss. is a perennial plant growing primarily in the temperate biome. The native range of this species is S. Italy, Sicily and NW. Africa. In the present study the chemical composition of the essential oil from aerial parts of this plant, never previously investigated, was evaluated by GC-MS. The essential oil (Cp) was characterised by large amounts of monoterpene hydrocarbons (67.51%) being β-cis-ocimene (13.55%), sabinene (12.57%) and γ-terpinene (10.56%) the main constituents. A comparison with all the other studied essential oils of genus Cachrys is discussed. Furthermore, a review of the use of the Cachrys species in the popular medicine has been carried out.
ESR measurements of phosphorus dimers in isotopically enriched 28Si silicon
Creators: name: Shankar, S.
name: Tyryshkin, A. M.
name: Lyon, S. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dopants in silicon have been studied for many decades using optical and electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy. Recently, new features have been observed in the spectra of dopants in isotopically enriched 28Si since the reduced inhomogeneous linewidth in this material improves spectral resolution. With this in mind, we measured ESR on exchange coupled phosphorus dimers in 28Si and report two results. First, a new fine structure is observed in the ESR spectrum arising from state mixing by the hyperfine coupling to the 31P nuclei, which is enhanced when the exchange energy is comparable to the Zeeman energy. This fine structure enables us to spectroscopically address two separate dimer sub-ensembles, the first with exchange (J) coupling ranging from 2 to 7 GHz and the second with J ranging from 6 to 60 GHz. Next, the average spin relaxation times, T1 and T2 of both dimer sub-ensembles were measured using pulsed ESR at 0.35 T. Both T1 and T2 for transitions between triplet states of the dimers were found to be identical to the relaxation times of isolated phosphorus donors in 28Si, with T2 = 4 ms at 1.7 K limited by spectral diffusion due to dipolar interactions with neighboring donor electron spins. This result, consistent with theoretical predictions, implies that an exchange coupling of 2 - 60 GHz does not limit the dimer T1 and T2 in bulk Si at the 10 ms timescale.
description: 24 pages, 9 figures
Mechanism of inhibition of alpha-amylase by caffeic acid using in-vitro and in-silico techniques
Creators: name: Gunny, Ahmad Anas Nagoor
name: Subramanian, Poovanisvarry
name: Mahmod, Safa Senan
name: AL-Rajabi, Maha Mohammad
name: Ahmad, Abdul Aziz
name: Abu Bakar, Amirul Ridzuan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Type-two diabetes, characterised by insulin resistance or inadequate insulin production, is prevalent among adults. The α-amylase enzyme contributes to carbohydrate digestion, elevating postprandial glucose levels. Natural compounds like caffeic acid offer a solution. This study investigates α-amylase inhibition via in-vitro and in-silico methods, emphasising the connection between phenolic compounds and antidiabetic efficacy for in-silico analysis. Enzyme kinetics, IC50, and molecular docking examine caffeic acid’s inhibitory action on α-amylase, comparing it with gallic acid and acarbose. Caffeic acid outperforms acarbose with an IC50 of 4.505 mg/mL versus 16.81 mg/mL, showcasing strong antidiabetic activity. Caffeic acid’s superior 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) inhibition (90.67%) compared to gallic acid (55.76%) indicates potent antioxidative and antidiabetic properties. Molecular docking reveals hydrogen bonding between caffeic acid and α-amylase. These insights lay the groundwork for phenolic-based diabetic therapies, offering less expensive treatment for diabetes patients.
Transverse spin and momentum in two-wave interference
Creators: name: Bekshaev, Aleksandr Y.
name: Bliokh, Konstantin Y.
name: Nori, Franco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the interference field formed by two electromagnetic plane waves (with the same frequency but different wave vectors), and find that such field reveals a rich and highly non-trivial structure of the local momentum and spin densities. Despite the seemingly-planar and extensively-studied character of the two-wave system, we find that it possesses a transverse (out-of-plane) helicity-independent spin density, and also a transverse polarization-dependent momentum density with unusual physical properties. The polarization-dependent transverse momentum represents the so-called Belinfante spin momentum, which does not exert the usual optical pressure and it is considered as `virtual' in field theory. We perform analytical estimations and exact numerical simulations of the interaction of the two-wave field with probe Mie particles. The results of these calculations clearly indicate the straightforward detectability of the unusual spin and momentum properties in the two-wave field and strongly motivate their future experimental verifications.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures, Supplementary Information, to appear in Phys. Rev. X
Splenic Trauma; The Outcome of Conservative Vs Surgical Management; Latest Evidence and Future Steps
Creators: name: Din, Asif
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 320226
subject: Surgery
classificationCode: 420309
subject: Health management

description: The purpose of this study is to review all the previous guidelines and literature regarding the management of splenic trauma and propose new comprehensive and practical ways and guidelines in the management of splenic trauma.
Phonological, orthographic and morphological skills are related to structural properties of ventral and motor white matter pathways in skilled and impaired readers
Creators: name: Reed, Alesha
name: Huynh, Tina
name: Ostevik, Amberley V.
name: Cheema, Kulpreet
name: Sweneya, Sarah
name: Craig, Julia
name: Cummine, Jacqueline
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), we assessed the extent to which fractional anisotropy values in the dorsal (i.e., arcuate fasciculus; AF) versus ventral (i.e., inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus; IFOF) distinction of structural white matter pathways associated with selected reading processes, could be replicated in skilled adult readers (N = 17) and extended to adults with reading impairments (N = 13). In addition to the AF and IFOF, motor-based tracts (i.e., posterior limb of the internal capsule (PLIC) and the frontal aslant tract (FAT)) were isolated to explore their role in reading performance. Several interesting relationships with reading performance emerged. First, orthographic awareness was related to the left IFOF in skilled readers, whereas orthographic awareness was related to left PLIC for impaired readers. Morphological awareness was related to left FAT for skilled readers, whereas morphological awareness was related to right AF, right IFOF and left PLIC for impaired readers. Overall, these findings support the notion that adult reading performance (both skilled and impaired) is related to the structural properties of the ventral white matter pathways. More consideration should be paid to motor pathways, particularly the PLIC, and their role in compensatory reading strategies in individuals with reading impairments.