cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Central consequences of peripheral nerve injury
Creators: name: Weinert, Dieter M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 110999 Neurosciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: After nerve grafting motoneuron number, position and size distribution may clinically not only affect muscle strength and movement coordination but also fine motor skills through gamma control mechanisms.
The functional consequences of these changes however, are also depending on mechanisms of central adaptation and the quality of restitution of afferent pathways.
Integrability properties of symmetric 4+4-dimensional heavenly type equation
Creators: name: Bogdanov, L. V.
name: Konopelchenko, B. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate that the dispersionless $\bar\partial$-dressing method developed before for general heavenly equation is applicable to the $4+4$ and $2N+2N$ - dimensional symmetric heavenly type equations. We introduce generating relation and derive the two-form defining the potential and equation for it. We develop the dressing scheme, calculate a class of special solutions and demonstrate that reduction from $4+4$-dimensional equation to four-dimensional general heavenly equation can be effectively performed on the level of the dressing data. We consider also the extension of the proposed scheme to $2N+2N$-dimensional case.
description: 14 pages
Applying conditional process modelling to investigate factors influencing the adoption of water pollution mitigation behaviours
Creators: name: Okumah, Murat
name: Ankomah-Hackman, Priscilla
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Original Article
Environmental knowledge
Pro-environmental behaviour
Situational factors
Water pollution
Ghana

description: Abstract: Given that much of water resource pollution is behavioural in nature, understanding pro-environmental behaviour as well as the complex determinants of such behaviours is key to designing effective policies aimed at addressing the problem. The limited studies that attempt to explore the topic rely typically on first-generation statistical procedures, often failing to address the complexities of pro-environmental behaviour. We apply conditional process modelling to investigate potential determinants of behaviours aimed at mitigating water pollution—using an extended attitude-behaviour-context model. Results show that knowledge of the sources of water pollution has an effect on attitude towards water resources management. Additionally, situational factors—such as the availability of waste collection bins—influence behaviour in relation to water pollution. These findings suggest the need to deepen awareness on water pollution and to consider situational factors in policy design and implementation.
Additional file 3 of Effects of obesity on short-term mortality in patients with acute heart failure under different nutritional status
Creators: name: Liu, Linlin
name: Qian, Jun
name: Li, Yuanyuan
name: Ni, Ye
name: Zhao, Ya
name: Che, Lin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional File Table 1: Baseline characteristics of the study population grouped by PNI
On the multiloop soft theorem of the dilaton in the bosonic string
Creators: name: Di Vecchia, Paolo
name: Marotta, Raffaele
name: Mojaza, Matin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this note we show that by fixing the multiloop Green function in the closed bosonic string to be Arakelov's Green function, one obtains factorization of scattering amplitudes with a softly emitted dilaton to the same level as with a graviton to all loop order. This extends our previous analysis at one loop to all loop orders and confirms that some high-energy quantum symmetry in the bosonic string protects the factorization of amplitudes with softly emitted dilatons.
description: 4 pages
Nonmetro Businesses Get Federal Credit Assistance, in Some Areas More than Others
Creators: name: Marlor, Felice S.
name: McGlone, James M.
name: Marlor, Felice S.
name: McGlone, James M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1994
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development
Financial Economics
Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: Nonmetro counties received 17 percent of Federal loans and loan guarantees during 1983-89, a slightly larger share than the nonmetro, population's share of the national population (23.5 percent) and a much larger share than nonmetro income's share of national income (18.2 percent). The credit assistance was not evenly distributed among nonmetro counties, however. Poverty counties received less than other counties, and southern counties received less than counties elsewhere.
Trunk Pitch Oscillations for Energy Trade-offs in Bipedal Running Birds and Robots
Creators: name: Drama, Özge
name: Badri-Spröwitz, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Bipedal animals have diverse morphologies and advanced locomotion abilities. Terrestrial birds, in particular, display agile, efficient, and robust running motion, in which they exploit the interplay between the body segment masses and moment of inertias. On the other hand, most legged robots are not able to generate such versatile and energy-efficient motion and often disregard trunk movements as a means to enhance their locomotion capabilities. Recent research investigated how trunk motions affect the gait characteristics of humans, but there is a lack of analysis across different bipedal morphologies. To address this issue, we analyze avian running based on a spring-loaded inverted pendulum model with a pronograde (horizontal) trunk. We use a virtual point based control scheme and modify the alignment of the ground reaction forces to assess how our control strategy influences the trunk pitch oscillations and energetics of the locomotion. We derive three potential key strategies to leverage trunk pitch motions that minimize either the energy fluctuations of the center of mass or the work performed by the hip and leg. We suggest how these strategies could be used in legged robotics.
description: 16 pages, 18 figures, accepted manuscript, online since 12 February 2020, published by IOP Publishing Ltd
Rhotana quadrimaculata Distant 1907
Creators: name: Zelazny, B.
name: Webb, M. D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Derbidae
Rhotana
Rhotana quadrimaculata

description: Rhotana quadrimaculata species group
 Diagnosis. The species of the Rhotana quadrimaculata species group can be recognized by the combination of the following characters:
1. Forewings with small dark spots at apices of some of the M sectors.
2. Facial carinae separated.
3. Forewings with Ms1 fork close to apex of the basal median cell.
4. Male pygofer without lateral projections.
5. Hindwings without marks.
 Distribution. Species of this group are found in Queensland, Australia.
description: Published as part of Zelazny, B. & Webb, M. D., 2011, 3071, pp. 1-307 in Zootaxa 3071 on page 95
Transport properties of c-oriented MgB2 thin films grown by Pulsed Laser Deposition
Creators: name: Ferdeghini, C.
name: Ferrando, V.
name: Grassano, G.
name: Ramadan, W.
name: Braccini, V.
name: Putti, M.
name: Manfrinetti, P.
name: Palenzona, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The electronic anisotropy in MgB2, which arises from its layered crystal structure is not completely clear until now. High quality c-oriented films offer the opportunity of studying such property. MgB2 thin films were deposited by using two methods both based on room temperature precursor deposition (by Pulsed Laser Ablation) and ex-situ annealing in Mg atmosphere. The two methods differ for the starting targets: stoichiometric MgB2 in one case and Boron in the other. The two films presented in this paper are grown by means of the two techniques on MgO substrates and are both c-oriented; they present TC values of 31.5 and 37.4 K respectively. Upper critical field measurements, up to 9T, with the magnetic field in perpendicular and parallel directions in respect to the film surface evidenced anisotropy ratios of 1.8 and 1.4 respectively. In this paper we will discuss this remarkable and surprising difference also in comparison with the literature data.
description: Presented at EUCAS 2001. submitted to Physica C
Research Parks Can Be a Rural Development Tool
Creators: name: Goldstein, Harvey A.
name: Luger, Michael I.
name: Goldstein, Harvey A.
name: Luger, Michael I.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1994
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development
Labor and Human Capital

description: Although most research parks are in metro areas, a few appear to be successful in nonmetro areas. The presence of a university and the pool of research and development expertise it provides are essential to the development of nonmetro parks. The longer a park has been operating, regardless of location, the better its chances of adding to employment growth in the local area.
Novel tracking approach based on fully-unsupervised disentanglement of the geometrical factors of variation
Creators: name: Vladymyrov, Mykhailo
name: Ariga, Akitaka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Efficient tracking algorithms are a crucial part of particle tracking detectors. While a lot of work has been done in designing a plethora of algorithms, these usually require tedious tuning for each use case. (Weakly) supervised Machine Learning-based approaches can leverage the actual raw data for maximal performance. Yet in realistic scenarios, sufficient high-quality labeled data is not available. While training might be performed on simulated data, the reproduction of realistic signal and noise in the detector requires substantial effort, compromising this approach. Here we propose a novel, fully unsupervised, approach to track reconstruction. The introduced model for learning to disentangle the factors of variation in a geometrically meaningful way employs geometrical space invariances. We train it through constraints on the equivariance between the image space and the latent representation in a Deep Convolutional Autoencoder. Using experimental results on synthetic data we show that a combination of different space transformations is required for meaningful disentanglement of factors of variation. We also demonstrate the performance of our model on real data from tracking detectors.
description: Accepted for publication in JINST
The challenges of estimating the distribution of flight heights from telemetry or altimetry data
Creators: name: Péron, Guillaume
name: Calabrese, Justin M.
name: Duriez, Olivier
name: Fleming, Christen H.
name: García-Jiménez, Ruth
name: Johnston, Alison
name: Lambertucci, Sergio A.
name: Safi, Kamran
name: Shepard, Emily L. C.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Methodology
Flight height
3D
Movement variance
State-space model
Telemetry error
Soaring

description: Abstract: Background: Global positioning systems (GPS) and altimeters are increasingly used to monitor vertical space use by aerial species, a key aspect of their ecological niche, that we need to know to manage our own use of the airspace, and to protect those species. However, there are various sources of error in flight height data (“height” above ground, as opposed to “altitude” above a reference like the sea level). First the altitude is measured with a vertical error from the devices themselves. Then there is error in the ground elevation below the tracked animals, which translates into error in flight height computed as the difference between altitude and ground elevation. Finally, there is error in the horizontal position of the animals, which translates into error in the predicted ground elevation below the animals. We used controlled field trials, simulations, and the reanalysis of raptor case studies with state-space models to illustrate the effect of improper error management. Results: Errors of a magnitude of 20 m appear in benign conditions for barometric altimeters and GPS vertical positioning (expected to be larger in more challenging context). These errors distort the shape of the distribution of flight heights, inflate the variance in flight height, bias behavioural state assignments, correlations with environmental covariates, and airspace management recommendations. Improper data filters such as removing all negative flight height records introduce several biases in the remaining dataset, and preclude the opportunity to leverage unambiguous errors to help with model fitting. Analyses that ignore the variance around the mean flight height, e.g., those based on linear models of flight height, and those that ignore the variance inflation caused by telemetry errors, lead to incorrect inferences. Conclusion: The state-space modelling framework, now in widespread use by ecologists and increasingly often automatically implemented within on-board GPS data processing algorithms, makes it possible to fit flight models directly to the output of GPS devices, with minimal data pre-selection, and to analyse the full distribution of flight heights, not just the mean. In addition to basic research about aerial niches, behaviour quantification, and environmental interactions, we highlight the applied relevance of our recommendations for airspace management and the conservation of aerial wildlife.
Dynamical temperature study for classical planar spin systems
Creators: name: Nurdin, Wira B.
name: Schotte, Klaus-Dieter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this micro-canonical simulation the temperature and also the specific heat are determined as averages of expressions easy to implement. The XY-chain is studied for a test. The second order transition on a cubic lattice and the first order transition on an fcc lattice are analyzed in greater detail to have a more severe test about the feasibility of this micro-canonical method.
description: 9 pages in Latex(revtex), 7 PS-figures
The Nature of Institutional Impediments to Economic Development
Creators: name: Bardhan, Pranab
name: Bardhan, Pranab
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: coordination failure
subject: pre-commitment
subject: distributive conflicts

description: In the literature on the new institutional economics it is now standard to refer to the deficiencies of the legal and contractual systems and of the regulatory state as blocking economic progress. In understanding the history of underdevelopment of countries like India one, however, needs to go beyond these obviously important issues and focus upon institutional impediments that are outcomes of distributive conflicts and the collective action problems they exacerbate. These collective action problems arise both at the level of the state (inefficient interventionism may only be a symptom of those underlying problems) and at the level of the local community.
Genome-wide association study of type 2 diabetes in Africa
Creators: name: Chen, Ji
name: Sun, Meng
name: Adeyemo, Adebowale
name: Pirie, Fraser
name: Carstensen, Tommy
name: Pomilla, Cristina
name: Doumatey, Ayo P.
name: Chen, Guanjie
name: Young, Elizabeth H.
name: Sandhu, Manjinder
name: Morris, Andrew P.
name: Barroso, Inês
name: McCarthy, Mark I.
name: Mahajan, Anubha
name: Wheeler, Eleanor
name: Rotimi, Charles N.
name: Motala, Ayesha A.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: Article
Africa
Established loci
Fine-mapping
Genome-wide association study
Type 2 diabetes

description: Abstract: Aims/hypothesis: Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for type 2 diabetes have uncovered >400 risk loci, primarily in populations of European and Asian ancestry. Here, we aimed to discover additional type 2 diabetes risk loci (including African-specific variants) and fine-map association signals by performing genetic analysis in African populations. Methods: We conducted two type 2 diabetes genome-wide association studies in 4347 Africans from South Africa, Nigeria, Ghana and Kenya and meta-analysed both studies together. Likely causal variants were identified using fine-mapping approaches. Results: The most significantly associated variants mapped to the widely replicated type 2 diabetes risk locus near TCF7L2 (p = 5.3 × 10−13). Fine-mapping of the TCF7L2 locus suggested one type 2 diabetes association signal shared between Europeans and Africans (indexed by rs7903146) and a distinct African-specific signal (indexed by rs17746147). We also detected one novel signal, rs73284431, near AGMO (p = 5.2 × 10−9, minor allele frequency [MAF] = 0.095; monomorphic in most non-African populations), distinct from previously reported signals in the region. In analyses focused on 100 published type 2 diabetes risk loci, we identified 21 with shared causal variants in African and non-African populations. Conclusions/interpretation: These results demonstrate the value of performing GWAS in Africans, provide a resource to larger consortia for further discovery and fine-mapping and indicate that additional large-scale efforts in Africa are warranted to gain further insight in to the genetic architecture of type 2 diabetes.
GENERAL EXPENDITURES FOR INDUSTRIAL INNOVATION IN THE ŁÓDŹ PROVINCE IN THE LIGHT OF EXPENDITURES FOR INNOVATIONS IN POLAND’S FOOD INDUSTRY
Creators: name: Nowak, Mirosława Marzena
name: Nowak, Mirosława Marzena
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: expenditure
subject: innovation
subject: food industry
subject: Łódź province

description: Expenditures for innovation in Poland food industry as compared to expenditures for innovation in industry in general of the Łódź province are presented for the selected period of 2009-2013, and as such, is the subject of the inquiry. Results indicate that investment expenditures in the nations food industry have been systematically rising (from 5155.5 mln in PLN in 2009, to 7,227.2 mln PLN in 2013) with majority spending for machinery, technical equipment, tools and transportation means (over 57% of the expenditures. The level of investment in this industry reached 30,186.3 mln PLN in the Łódź province, and the expansion of this agrifood sector opens opportunities for greater competitiveness.
Particle-in-Cell Simulations of Density Peak Formation and Ion Acceleration from Short Pulse Laser-Driven Ponderomotive Steepening
Creators: name: Smith, Joseph R.
name: Orban, Chris
name: Ngirmang, Gregory K.
name: Morrison, John T.
name: George, Kevin M.
name: Chowdhury, Enam A.
name: Roquemore, W. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations and simple analytic models to investigate the laser-plasma interaction known as ponderomotive steepening. When normally incident laser light reflects at the critical surface of a plasma, the resulting standing electromagnetic wave modifies the electron density profile via the ponderomotive force, which creates peaks in the electron density separated by approximately half of the laser wavelength. What is less well studied is how this charge imbalance accelerates ions towards the electron density peaks, modifying the ion density profile of the plasma. Idealized PIC simulations with an extended underdense plasma shelf are used to isolate the dynamics of ion density peak growth for a 42 fs pulse from an 800 nm laser with an intensity of 10$^{18}$ W cm$^{-2}$. These simulations exhibit sustained longitudinal electric fields of 200 GV m$^{-1}$, which produce counter-steaming populations of ions reaching a few keV in energy. We compare these simulations to theoretical models, and we explore how ion energy depends on factors such as the plasma density and the laser wavelength, pulse duration, and intensity. We also provide relations for the strength of longitudinal electric fields and an approximate timescale for the density peaks to develop. These conclusions may be useful investigating the phenomenon of ponderomotive steepening as advances in laser technology allow shorter and more intense pulses to be produced at various wavelengths. We also discuss the parallels with other work studying the interference from two counter-propagating laser pulses.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures, 1 table
Full Component Lagrangian in the Linear Multiplet Formulation of String-inspired Effective Supergravity
Creators: name: Giedt, Joel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the component field 4-dimensional N=1 supergravity Lagrangian that is obtained from a superfield Lagrangian in the U(1)_K formalism with a linear dilaton multiplet. All fermionic terms are presented. In a variety of important ways, our results generalize those that have been reported previously, and are flexible enough to accomodate many situations of phenomenological interest in string-inspired effective supergravity, especially models based on orbifold compactifications of the weakly-coupled heterotic string. We provide for an effective theory of hidden gaugino and matter condensation. We include supersymmetric Green-Schwarz counterterms associated with the cancellation of U(1) and modular duality anomalies; the modular duality counterterm is of a rather general form. Our assumed form for the dilaton Kahler potential is quite general and can accomodate Kahler stabilization methods. We note possible applications of our results. We also discuss the usefulness of the linear dilaton formulation as a complement to the chiral dilaton approach.
description: 2+34 pages
Country Fund Discounts, Asymmetric Information and the Mexican Crisis of 1994: Did Local Residents Turn Pessimistic Before International Investors?
Creators: name: Frankel, Jeffrey A.
name: Shmukler, Sergio L.
name: Frankel, Jeffrey A.
name: Shmukler, Sergio L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: International Development
subject: country fund
subject: crisis
subject: emerging markets
subject: equities
subject: expectations
subject: asymmetric
subject: divergent
subject: heterogeneous
subject: Mexico
subject: peso

description: It has been suggested that Mexican investors were the "front-runners" in the peso crisis of December 1994, turning pessimistic before international investors. Different expectations about their own economy, perhaps due to asymmetric information, prompted Mexican investors to be the first ones to leave the country. This paper investigates whether data from three Mexican country funds provide evidence that supports the "divergent expectations" hypothesis. We find that, right before the devaluation, Mexican fund Net Asset Values (mainly driven by Mexican investors) dropped first and/or faster than Mexican country fund prices (mainly driven by foreign investors). Moreover, we find that Mexican NAVs tend to Granger-cause the country fund prices. This suggests that causality, in some sense, flows from the Mexico City investor community to the Wall Street investor community. More generally, the paper proposes an approach that differs from the existing explanations of country fund discounts. It suggests that different expectations, perhaps arising from asymmetric information, may help to explain the observed behavior of country fund discounts in partially segmented markets.
Method in the Madness? A Political-Economy Analysis of Ethnic Conflicts in Less Developed Countries
Creators: name: Bardhan, Pranab
name: Bardhan, Pranab
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Political Economy
subject: institutional failure
subject: credible commitment
subject: rent-sharing

description: This paper is an attempt, from a political economist's point of view, to look for some clear patterns in the horrendous complexities of the ethnic and sectarian conflicts that are raging in less developed countries. We emphasize the importance of some institutional failures (like the decline of mediating institutions or of pre-existing structures of credible commitment) rather than mere cultural and historical animosities behind the collapse of inter-ethnic understandings and compromises. The rise in ethnic conflicts is not always associated with economic deterioration, sometimes quite the contrary. The effects of market expansion are also ambiguous. In our discussion of policy lessons we have tried to look for various ways, both political and economic, of constructing institutionalized incentives for conciliatory actions.
On isomorphisms between deformation rings and Hecke rings
Creators: name: Khare, Chandrashekhar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11F, 11R

description: We give a different approach to the well-known modularity lifting results of Wiles and Taylor. Instead of Taylor-Wiles systems we use a Galois cohomological discovery of R. Ramakrishna. This paper is 2 years older than math.NT/0210296 where another approach to modularity lifting results was presented.
Saskatchewan's Rural Communities in an Urbanizing World
Creators: name: Stabler, Jack C.
name: Olfert, M. R.
name: Stabler, Jack C.
name: Olfert, M. R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1994
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development

description: Saskatchewan's communities continue to change in the functions they perform, the number of people and businesses they attract, and how they relate to other centers within and outside the Province. Changes in transportation and production technology have reshaped communities since the 1930's. The size and functions of Saskatchewan's communities continued to change during 1961-90, with the largest cities gaining at the expense of smaller cities and towns.
Coupling of thermal and mass diffusion in regular binary thermal lattice-gases
Creators: name: Blaak, Ronald
name: Dubbeldam, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have constructed a regular binary thermal lattice-gas in which the thermal diffusion and mass diffusion are coupled and form two nonpropagating diffusive modes. The power spectrum is shown to be similar in structure as for the one in real fluids, in which the central peak becomes a combination of coupled entropy and concentration contributions. Our theoretical findings for the power spectra are confirmed by computer simulations performed on this model.
description: 5 pages including 3 figures in RevTex4
National Opinion Polls National Political Surveys; August 1969
August 1969
Creators: name: NOP Market Research Limited
Publisher: name: UK Data Service
Year: 1981

description: The NOP National Political Surveys were designed principally to ascertain public opinion on political parties, leaders and government, and to record voting intention. In addition, the majority of the surveys included data of topical interest and of social importance.
Rhotana brendelli Zelazny & Webb 2011, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Zelazny, B.
name: Webb, M. D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Derbidae
Rhotana
Rhotana brendelli

description: Rhotana brendelli Zelazny, sp. nov.
(Figs. 66, 241)
 Description. Forewings 1.8 times longer than wide, length 3.9–4.4 mm. Colour uniformly red-brown. Forewings uniformly infuscated, slightly darker around apical cross-veins between Cu, Cu1, Ms1a, and Ms1b, veins red. Hindwings lightly infuscated, veins red. Facial carinae contiguous at bases; subantennal processes and lateral carinae of pronotum well developed; rostrum surpassing posttrochanter. Forewings with apical part of Sc nearly straight; Sc+R fork slightly before middle of wing; Ms1 branched near tip of basal median cell. Pygofer of male genitalia slightly produced at the sides. Genital styles rounded, proximal dorsal process short, slender, distal dorsal process elongated. Aedeagus with apical portion flat, bearing on the left side a finger-like, slightly curved process.
 Etymology. The species is named for the collector and ' brendelli ' is a latinized noun used in the genitive case.
 Type material. Holotype ♂ (forewing 4.4 mm), INDONESIA: SULAWESI; labels: 1) SULAWESI TENGAH / Nr. Marowali / Ranu River Area / 27.i.–20.iv.1980 2) At / light 3) M.J.D. Brendell / B.M.1980-280 (BMNH). Paratype. same data as holotype, 1 ♀ (fw. 3.9) (BMNH).
 Distribution. Central Sulawesi (Indonesia).
 Diagnosis. Rhotana brendelli is similar in coloration to R. miles sp. nov. from Borneo. However, the structure of the head, the forewing venation, and the male genitalia suggest more a relationship to R. pellax Fennah from Samoa, R. marmorata Zelazny from the Philippines, and R. papuensis sp. nov. from New Guinea.
description: Published as part of Zelazny, B. & Webb, M. D., 2011, 3071, pp. 1-307 in Zootaxa 3071 on page 98
Higgs Boson Decay into Hadronic Jets
Creators: name: Berger, Edmond L.
name: Chiang, Cheng-Wei
name: Jiang, Jing
name: Tait, Tim M. P.
name: Wagner, Carlos E. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The remarkable agreement of electroweak data with standard model (SM) predictions motivates the study of extensions of the SM in which the Higgs boson is light and couples in a standard way to the weak gauge bosons. Postulated new light particles should have small couplings to the gauge bosons. Within this context it is natural to assume that the branching fractions of the light SM-like Higgs boson mimic those in the standard model. This assumption may be unwarranted, however, if there are non-standard light particles coupled weakly to the gauge bosons but strongly to the Higgs field. In particular, the Higgs boson may effectively decay into hadronic jets, possibly without important bottom or charm flavor content. As an example, we present a simple extension of the SM, in which the predominant decay of the Higgs boson occurs into a pair of light bottom squarks that, in turn, manifest themselves as hadronic jets. Discovery of the Higgs boson remains possible at an electron-positron linear collider, but prospects at hadron colliders are diminished substantially.
description: 30 pages, 7 figures
Economic Structure and the Decision to Adopt a Common Currency
Creators: name: Frankel, Jeffrey A.
name: Rose, Andrew K.
name: Frankel, Jeffrey A.
name: Rose, Andrew K.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: optimum
subject: currency area
subject: European integration
subject: EMU
subject: business cycle
subject: correlation

description: Everyone studying EMU cites the theory of Optimum Currency Areas: whether a Country like Sweden should join the currency union depends on such parameters as the extent of Swedish trade with other EU members and the correlation of Sweden's income with that of other members. Few economists have focused on what we consider one of the most interesting aspects of this issue. Trade patterns and income correlations are endogenous. Sweden could fail the OCA criterion for membership today, and yet, if it goes ahead and joins anyway, could, as the result of joining, pass the Optimum Currency Area (OCA) criterion in the future. (Further, even if Sweden does not enter EMU quickly, it will be more likely to satisfy the OCA criteria in the future as a result of its recent accession to the EU.) The few economists who have identified the importance of the endogeneity of trade patterns and income correlation are divided on the nature of the relationship between the two. This is an important empirical question, which may hold the key to the answer regarding whether it is in Sweden's interest to join EMU. We review the OCA theory, highlighting the role of trade links and income links. Then we discuss and analyze the endogeneity of these parameters. We present econometric evidence suggesting strongly that if trade links between Sweden and the rest of Europe strength in the future, then Sweden's income will become more highly correlated with European income in the future (not less correlated, as some have claimed). This has important implications for the OCA criterion. It means that a naive examination of historical data gives a biased picture of the effects of EMU entry on Sweden. It also means that EMU membership is more likely to make sense for Sweden in the future than it does today.
The spectral condition number plot for regularization parameter evaluation
Creators: name: Peeters, Carel F. W.
name: Van De Wiel, Mark A.
name: Van Wieringen, Wessel N.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: Original Paper
Eigenvalues
High-dimensional covariance (precision) estimation
ℓ2\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$\ell _2$$\end{document}-Penalization
Matrix condition number

description: Abstract: Many modern statistical applications ask for the estimation of a covariance (or precision) matrix in settings where the number of variables is larger than the number of observations. There exists a broad class of ridge-type estimators that employs regularization to cope with the subsequent singularity of the sample covariance matrix. These estimators depend on a penalty parameter and choosing its value can be hard, in terms of being computationally unfeasible or tenable only for a restricted set of ridge-type estimators. Here we introduce a simple graphical tool, the spectral condition number plot, for informed heuristic penalty parameter assessment. The proposed tool is computationally friendly and can be employed for the full class of ridge-type covariance (precision) estimators.
The Impact of Higher Education on Entrepreneurship and the Innovation Ecosystem
Creators: name: Castro, May Portuguez
name: Ross, Carlos
name: Zermeño, Marcela Gómez
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 130205 Humanities and Social Sciences Curriculum and Pedagogy (excl. Economics, Business and Management)
subject: FOS: Educational sciences

description: Entrepreneurship is recognized as an engine for the economy. However, Latin America must promote higher opportunities for the creation of new businesses, especially for technology-based ventures. In this sense, the Center for Global Innovation and Entrepreneurship (CGIE) of the University of Texas at Austin offers a Master of Science in Technology Commercialization (MCCT) that prepares students with methodologies to promote the creation of new businesses in Mexico. This study aims to know the contribution of training to the creation of new companies, and its role in the innovation and the technology transfer processes, from the viewpoint of the participants. This research presents a case study that analyzes the impact of the MCCT through the analysis of the data of a survey answered by 109 former students of this center. Findings show that the methodologies developed by the MCCT allow the creation of technology-based enterprises and entrepreneurial skills in students. This study presents good practices that can be emulated by other countries in the region, as well as recognizing the great value the role of higher education in creating synergies between actors of the innovation ecosystem that strengthen social and economic growth.
Small Communities in the Northwestern United States Also Declining
Creators: name: Fuguitt, Glenn V.
name: Fuguitt, Glenn V.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1994
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development

description: Small communities in North and South Dakota, Nebraska, Montana, Wyoming, and Idaho experienced population trends very similar to those in Saskatchewan. Metro counties grew faster than nonmetro, except during the rural turnaround of the 1970's. Nonmetro counties containing larger communities grew during all four decades, 1950-90, while counties containing smaller communities lost population except during the turnaround.
The Green Bank North Celestial Cap Pulsar Survey. V. Pulsar Census and Survey Sensitivity
Creators: name: McEwen, Alexander
name: Spiewak, Renee
name: Swiggum, Joseph
name: Kaplan, David
name: Fiore, William
name: Agazie, Gabriella
name: Blumer, Harsha
name: Chawla, Pragya
name: DeCesar, Megan
name: Kaspi, Victoria
name: Kondratiev, Vladislav
name: LaRose, Malcolm
name: Levin, Lina
name: Lynch, Ryan
name: McLaughlin, Maura
name: Mingyar, Michael
name: Noori, Hind
name: Ransom, Scott
name: Roberts, Mallory
name: Schmiedekamp, Ann
name: Schmiedecamp, Carl
name: Siemens, Xavier
name: Stairs, Ingrid
name: Stovall, Kevin
name: Surnis, Mayuresh
name: van Leeuwen, Joeri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Green Bank North Celestial Cap (GBNCC) pulsar survey will cover the entire northern sky ($δ> -40^\circ$) at 350 MHz, and is one of the most uniform and sensitive all-sky pulsar surveys to date. We have created a pipeline to re-analyze GBNCC survey data to take a 350MHz census of all pulsars detected by the survey, regardless of their discovery survey. Of the 1413 pulsars in the survey region, we were able to recover 661. For these we present measured signal-to-noise ratios (S/N), flux densities, pulse widths, profiles, and where appropriate, refined dispersion measurements (647 out of 661) and new or improved spectral indices (276 out of 661 total, 15 new, 261 improved). Detection scans for several hundred sources were reanalyzed in order to inspect pulsars' single pulse behavior and 223 were confirmed to exhibit evidence of nulling. With a detailed analysis of measured and expected S/N values and the evolving radio frequency interference environment at 350MHz, we assess the GBNCC survey's sensitivity as a function of spin period, dispersion measure, and sky position. We find the sky-averaged limiting flux density of the survey to be 0.74mJy. Combining this analysis with PsrPopPy pulsar population simulations, we predict 60/5 non-recycled/millisecond pulsar discoveries in the survey's remaining 21,000 pointings, and we begin to place constraints on population model parameters.
ASEAN in a Regional Perspective
Creators: name: Frankel, Jeffrey A.
name: Wei, Shang-Jin
name: Frankel, Jeffrey A.
name: Wei, Shang-Jin
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: Southeast Asia
subject: Indochina
subject: AFTA
subject: gravity
subject: yen bloc
subject: regional
subject: trade
subject: foreign direct investment
subject: flying geese

description: Trade among the ASEAN economies is higher than one would expect, based on their income levels and other important determinants of bilateral trade. The same is true of trade within East Asia more broadly (or trade within an ASEAN-Australia-New Zealand grouping). To the extent that this regional concentration of trade is attributed to formal or informal regional trading arrangements, they appear to be trade-creating, not trade-diverting. The rate of increase of trade within ASEAN or within East Asia, however, can be entirely explained by the rapid growth of the countries. There is nothing left over to attribute to an intensifying bloc. Perhaps the regional concentration, which shows up from the beginning of the sample period, is not due to formal measures, such as the decision to form an ASEAN FrA, but rather to a shared trading culture. (Trade among Southeast Asian countries will in the future naturally continue to grow more rapidly than incomes.) The openness of the Indochinese countries, suitably adjusted, was very low in 1992, but had almost doubled by 1994. If these formerly autarkic countries restore normal trade relations with the rest of the world over the coming decade, the gravity model predicts that their trade will expand another seven-fold, in addition to the expansion attributable to growth. The stock of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) is a significant determinant of trade. We find that bilateral FDI can be modelled analogously to bilateral trade. In both cases, there is no evidence that Japan has accelerated its economic interactions with Southeast Asia, beyond what can be attributed to simple economic growth rates. We accept others' arguments that the ASEAN countries' trade relations with the industrialized countries are more important than their relations with each other. But we do not accept the argument that the latter are unimportant. If the ASEAN countries make serious progress along the path that they have set for themselves under the AFTA, the gains from increased trade and investment in the area are potentially important. Furthermore, such progress would give them more of a voice at the global level.
Finiteness of Selmer groups and deformation rings
Creators: name: Khare, Chandrashekhar
name: Ramakrishna, Ravi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11F, 11R

description: We prove the finiteness of Selmer groups attached to lifts of certain 2-dimensional mod p representations of the absolute Galois group of Q. The mod p representation can be either even or odd. The lifts considered are the ones that were proven to exist by the seond named author.
Ultrafast molecular dynamics in terahertz-STM experiments: Theoretical analysis using Anderson-Holstein model
Creators: name: Shi, Tao
name: Cirac, J. Ignacio
name: Demler, Eugene
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze ultrafast tunneling experiments in which electron transport through a localized orbital is induced by a single cycle THz pulse. We include both electron-electron and electron-phonon interactions on the localized orbital using the Anderson-Holstein model and consider two possible filling factors, the singly occupied Kondo regime and the doubly occupied regime relevant to recent experiments with a pentacene molecule. Our analysis is based on variational non-Gaussian states and provides the accurate description of the degrees of freedom at very different energies, from the high microscopic energy scales to the Kondo temperature $T_K$. To establish the validity of the new method we apply this formalism to study the Anderson model in the Kondo regime in the absence of coupling to phonons. We demonstrate that it correctly reproduces key properties of the model, including the screening of the impurity spin, formation of the resonance at the Fermi energy, and a linear conductance of $2e^2/h$. We discuss the suppression of the Kondo resonance by the electron-phonon interaction on the impurity site. When analyzing THz STM experiments we compute the time dependence of the key physical quantities, including current, the number of electrons on the localized orbital, and the number of excited phonons. We find long-lived oscillations of the phonon that persist long after the end of the pulse. We compare the results for the interacting system to the non-interacting resonant level model.
description: 24 pages, 12 figures
Small but Nontrivial: A Comparison of Six Strategies to Handle Cross-Loadings in Bifactor Predictive Models
Creators: name: Zhang, Bo
name: Luo, Jing
name: Sun, Tianjun
name: Cao, Mengyang
name: Drasgow, Fritz
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: The bifactor model is a promising alternative to traditional modeling techniques for studying the predictive validity of hierarchical constructs. However, no study to date has systematically examined the influence of cross-loadings on the estimation of regression coefficients in bifactor predictive models. Therefore, we present a systematic examination of the statistical performance of six modeling strategies to handle cross-loadings in bifactor predictive models: structural equation modeling (SEM), exploratory structural equation modeling (ESEM) with target rotation, Bayesian structural equation modeling (BSEM), and each of the three with augmentation. Results revealed four clear patterns: 1) forcing even small cross-loadings to zero was detrimental to empirical identification, estimation bias, power and Type I error rates; 2) the performance of ESEM with target rotation was unexpectedly weak; 3) augmented BSEM had satisfactory performance in an absolute sense and outperformed the other five strategies across most conditions; 4) augmentation improved the performance of ESEM and SEM, although the degree of improvement was not as substantial as that of BSEM. In addition, we also presented an empirical example to show the feasibility of the proposed approach. Overall, these findings can help users of bifactor predictive models design better studies, choose more appropriate analytical strategies, and obtain more reliable results. Implications, limitations, and future directions are discussed.
Technical recommendations for clinical translation of renal MRI: a consensus project of the Cooperation in Science and Technology Action PARENCHIMA
Creators: name: Mendichovszky, Iosif
name: Pullens, Pim
name: Dekkers, Ilona
name: Nery, Fabio
name: Bane, Octavia
name: Pohlmann, Andreas
name: De Boer, Anneloes
name: Ljimani, Alexandra
name: Odudu, Aghogho
name: Buchanan, Charlotte
name: Sharma, Kanishka
name: Laustsen, Christoffer
name: Harteveld, Anita
name: Golay, Xavier
name: Pedrosa, Ivan
name: Alsop, David
name: Fain, Sean
name: Caroli, Anna
name: Prasad, Pottumarthi
name: Francis, Susan
name: Sigmund, Eric
name: Fernández‐Seara, Maria
name: Sourbron, Steven
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: Research Article
Kidney
Imaging
Biomarkers
Standardisation
Consensus

description: Abstract: Purpose: The potential of renal MRI biomarkers has been increasingly recognised, but clinical translation requires more standardisation. The PARENCHIMA consensus project aims to develop and apply a process for generating technical recommendations on renal MRI. Methods: A task force was formed in July 2018 focused on five methods. A draft process for attaining consensus was distributed publicly for consultation and finalised at an open meeting (Prague, October 2018). Four expert panels completed surveys between October 2018 and March 2019, discussed results and refined the surveys at a face-to-face meeting (Aarhus, March 2019) and completed a second round (May 2019). Results: A seven-stage process was defined: (1) formation of expert panels; (2) definition of the context of use; (3) literature review; (4) collection and comparison of MRI protocols; (5) consensus generation by an approximate Delphi method; (6) reporting of results in vendor-neutral and vendor-specific terms; (7) ongoing review and updating. Application of the process resulted in 166 consensus statements. Conclusion: The process generated meaningful technical recommendations across very different MRI methods, while allowing for improvement and refinement as open issues are resolved. The results are likely to be widely supported by the renal MRI community and thereby promote more harmonisation.