cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
AWAKE, The Advanced Proton Driven Plasma Wakefield Acceleration Experiment at CERN
Creators: name: Gschwendtner, E.
name: Adli, E.
name: Amorim, L.
name: Apsimon, R.
name: Assmann, R.
name: Bachmann, A. -M.
name: Batsch, F.
name: Bauche, J.
name: Olsen, V. K. Berglyd
name: Bernardini, M.
name: Bingham, R.
name: Biskup, B.
name: Bohl, T.
name: Bracco, C.
name: Burrows, P. N.
name: Burt, G.
name: Buttenschon, B.
name: Butterworth, A.
name: Caldwell, A.
name: Cascella, M.
name: Chevallay, E.
name: Cipiccia, S.
name: Damerau, H.
name: Deacon, L.
name: Dirksen, P.
name: Doebert, S.
name: Dorda, U.
name: Farmer, J.
name: Fedosseev, V.
name: Feldbaumer, E.
name: Fiorito, R.
name: Fonseca, R.
name: Friebel, F.
name: Gorn, A. A.
name: Grulke, O.
name: Hansen, J.
name: Hessler, C.
name: Hofle, W.
name: Holloway, J.
name: Huther, M.
name: Jaroszynski, D.
name: Jensen, L.
name: Jolly, S.
name: Joulaei, A.
name: Kasim, M.
name: Keeble, F.
name: Li, Y.
name: Liu, S.
name: Lopes, N.
name: Lotov, K. V.
name: Mandry, S.
name: Martorelli, R.
name: Martyanov, M.
name: Mazzoni, S.
name: Mete, O.
name: Minakov, V. A.
name: Mitchell, J.
name: Moody, J.
name: Muggli, P.
name: Najmudin, Z.
name: Norreys, P.
name: Oz, E.
name: Pardons, A.
name: Pepitone, K.
name: Petrenko, A.
name: Plyushchev, G.
name: Pukhov, A.
name: Rieger, K.
name: Ruhl, H.
name: Salveter, F.
name: Savard, N.
name: Schmidt, J.
name: Seryi, A.
name: Shaposhnikova, E.
name: Sheng, Z. M.
name: Sherwood, P.
name: Silva, L.
name: Soby, L.
name: Sosedkin, A. P.
name: Spitsyn, R. I.
name: Trines, R.
name: Tuev, P. V.
name: Turner, M.
name: Verzilov, V.
name: Vieira, J.
name: Vincke, H.
name: Wei, Y.
name: Welsch, C. P.
name: Wing, M.
name: Xia, G.
name: Zhang, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Advanced Proton Driven Plasma Wakefield Acceleration Experiment (AWAKE) aims at studying plasma wakefield generation and electron acceleration driven by proton bunches. It is a proof-of-principle R&D experiment at CERN and the world's first proton driven plasma wakefield acceleration experiment. The AWAKE experiment will be installed in the former CNGS facility and uses the 400 GeV/c proton beam bunches from the SPS. The first experiments will focus on the self-modulation instability of the long (rms ~12 cm) proton bunch in the plasma. These experiments are planned for the end of 2016. Later, in 2017/2018, low energy (~15 MeV) electrons will be externally injected to sample the wakefields and be accelerated beyond 1 GeV. The main goals of the experiment will be summarized. A summary of the AWAKE design and construction status will be presented.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures, 2 tables
Westerlund 1 under the light of Gaia EDR3: Distance, isolation, extent, and a hidden population
Creators: name: Negueruela, Ignacio
name: Alfaro, Emilio J.
name: Dorda, Ricardo
name: Marco, Amparo
name: Apellániz, Jesús Maíz
name: González-Fernández, Carlos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: (Abridged) We have used Gaia EDR3 data, together with spectra of a large sample of luminous stars in the field surrounding Westerlund 1, to explore the extent of the cluster. We carry out a non-parametric analysis of proper motions and membership determination. We investigate the reddening and proper motions of several dozen OB stars and red supergiants < 1 deg away from Wd 1. We identify a population of kinematic members of Wd 1 that largely includes the known spectroscopic members. From their EDR3 parallaxes, we derive a distance to the cluster of $4.23^{+0.23}_{-0.21}$kpc. Extinction in this direction increases by a large amount around 2.8 kpc, due to dark clouds associated to the Scutum-Crux arm. As a consequence, we hardly see any stars at distances comparable to that of the cluster. The proper motions of Wd 1, however, are very similar to those of stars in the field surrounding it, but distinct. We find a second, astrometrically well-defined population in the foreground ($d\approx2\:$kpc), likely connected to the possible open cluster BH197. Wd 1 is very elongated, an effect not driven by the very heavy extinction to the East and South. We find a low-density halo extending up to 10' from the cluster centre, mainly in the NW quadrant. A few OB stars at larger distances from the cluster, most notably the LBV MN48, share its proper motions, suggesting that Wd 1 has little or no peculiar motion with respect to the field population of the Norma arm. However, we are unable to find any red supergiant that could belong to an extended population related to the cluster, although we observe several dozen such objects in the foreground. We find a substantial population of luminous OB members obscured by several more magnitudes of extinction than most known members. These objects, mostly located in the central region of the cluster, increase the population of OB supergiants by about 25%.
description: Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics. Figures have been converted to PNG and are of lower quality than in the version accepted. Three tables in the appendices will be published electronically; only table C1 is given here. 25 pages (including appendices),23 figures. V2 incorporates style and language edits and some comments
The least error method for sparse solution reconstruction
Creators: name: Bredies, Kristian
name: Kaltenbacher, Barbara
name: Resmerita, Elena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65J22

description: This work deals with a regularization method enforcing solution sparsity of linear ill-posed problems by appropriate discretization in the image space. Namely, we formulate the so called least error method in an $\ell^1$ setting and perform the convergence analysis by choosing the discretization level according to an a priori rule, as well as two a posteriori rules, via the discrepancy principle and the monotone error rule, respectively. Depending on the setting, linear or sublinear convergence rates in the $\ell^1$-norm are obtained under a source condition yielding sparsity of the solution. A part of the study is devoted to analyzing the structure of the approximate solutions and of the involved source elements.
Near-infrared colors of minor planets recovered from VISTA - VHS survey (MOVIS)
Creators: name: Popescu, M.
name: Licandro, J.
name: Morate, D.
name: de Leon, J.
name: Nedelcu, D. A.
name: Rebolo, R.
name: McMahon, R. G.
name: Gonzalez-Solares, E.
name: Irwin, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) and Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) provide information about the surface composition of about 100,000 minor planets. The resulting visible colors and albedos enabled us to group them in several major classes, which are a simplified view of the diversity shown by the few existing spectra. We performed a serendipitous search in VISTA-VHS observations using a pipeline developed to retrieve and process the data that corresponds to solar system objects (SSo). The colors and the magnitudes of the minor planets observed by the VISTA survey are compiled into three catalogs that are available online: the detections catalog (MOVIS-D), the magnitudes catalog (MOVIS-M), and the colors catalog (MOVIS-C). They were built using the third data release of the survey (VISTA VHS-DR3). A total of 39,947 objects were detected, including 52 NEAs, 325 Mars Crossers, 515 Hungaria asteroids, 38,428 main-belt asteroids, 146 Cybele asteroids, 147 Hilda asteroids, 270 Trojans, 13 comets, 12 Kuiper Belt objects and Neptune with its four satellites. The colors found for asteroids with known spectral properties reveal well-defined patterns corresponding to different mineralogies. The distributions of MOVIS-C data in color-color plots shows clusters identified with different taxonomic types. All the diagrams that use (Y-J) color separate the spectral classes more effectively than the (J-H) and (H-Ks) plots used until now: even for large color errors (<0.1), the plots (Y-J) vs (Y-Ks) and (Y-J) vs (J-Ks) provide the separation between S-complex and C-complex. The end members A, D, R, and V-types occupy well-defined regions.
description: 19 pages, 16 figures
Large-scale asymmetry in galaxy spin directions -- analysis of galaxies with spectra in DES, SDSS, and DESI Legacy Survey
Creators: name: Shamir, Lior
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Multiple previous studies using several different probes have shown considerable evidence for the existence of cosmological-scale anisotropy and a Hubble-scale axis. One of the probes that show such evidence is the distribution of the directions toward which galaxies spin. The advantage of the analysis of the distribution of galaxy spin directions compared to the CMB anisotropy is that the ratio of galaxy spin directions is a relative measurement, and therefore less sensitive to background contamination such as Milky Way obstruction. Another advantage is that many spiral galaxies have spectra, and therefore allow to analyze the location of such axis relative to Earth. This paper shows an analysis of the distribution of the spin directions of over 90K galaxies with spectra. That analysis is also compared to previous analyses using the Earth-based SDSS, Pan-STARRS, and DESI Legacy Survey, as well as space-based data collected by HST. The results show very good agreement between the distribution patterns observed with the different telescopes. The dipole or quadrupole axes formed by the spin directions of the galaxies with spectra do not necessarily go directly through Earth.
description: AN, accepted
Joint velocity and density reconstruction of the Universe with nonlinear differentiable forward modeling
Creators: name: Bayer, Adrian E.
name: Modi, Chirag
name: Ferraro, Simone
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Reconstructing the initial conditions of the Universe from late-time observations has the potential to optimally extract cosmological information. Due to the high dimensionality of the parameter space, a differentiable forward model is needed for convergence, and recent advances have made it possible to perform reconstruction with nonlinear models based on galaxy (or halo) positions. In addition to positions, future surveys will provide measurements of galaxies' peculiar velocities through the kinematic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect (kSZ), type Ia supernovae, and the fundamental plane or Tully-Fisher relations. Here we develop the formalism for including halo velocities, in addition to halo positions, to enhance the reconstruction of the initial conditions. We show that using velocity information can significantly improve the reconstruction accuracy compared to using only the halo density field. We study this improvement as a function of shot noise, velocity measurement noise, and angle to the line of sight. We also show how halo velocity data can be used to improve the reconstruction of the final nonlinear matter overdensity and velocity fields. We have built our pipeline into the differentiable Particle-Mesh FlowPM package, paving the way to perform field-level cosmological inference with joint velocity and density reconstruction. This is especially useful given the increased ability to measure peculiar velocities in the near future.
description: 13+6 pages, 9 figures
Demonstration of room-temperature continuous-wave operation of InGaAs/AlGaAs quantum well lasers directly grown on on-axis silicon (001)
Creators: name: Jiang, Chen
name: Liu, Hao
name: Wang, Jun
name: Ren, Xiaomin
name: Wang, Qi
name: Liu, Zhuoliang
name: Ma, Bojie
name: Liu, Kai
name: Ren, Ren
name: Zhang, Yidong
name: Cai, Shiwei
name: Huang, Yongqing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Room-temperature continuous-wave operation of InGaAs/AlGaAs quantum well lasers directly grown on on-axis silicon (001) has been demonstrated. A 420 nm thick GaAs epilayer completely free of antiphase domains was initially grown on the silicon substrate in a metal-organic chemical vapor deposition system and the other epilayers including four sets of five-period strained-layer superlattices and the laser-structural layers were successively grown in a molecular beam epitaxy system. The lasers were prepared as broad-stripe Fabry-Perot ones with a stripe width of 21.5 um and a cavity length of 1 mm. Typically, the threshold current and the corresponding threshold current density are 186.4 mA and 867 A/cm2, respectively. The lasing wavelength is around 980 nm and the slope efficiency is 0.097 W/A with a single-facet output power of 22.5 mW at an injection current of 400 mA. This advancement makes the silicon-based monolithic optoelectronic integration relevant to quantum well lasers more promising with an enhanced feasibility.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures
On the effective reconstruction of expectation values from ab initio quantum embedding
Creators: name: Nusspickel, Max
name: Ibrahim, Basil
name: Booth, George H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum embedding is an appealing route to fragment a large interacting quantum system into several smaller auxiliary `cluster' problems to exploit the locality of the correlated physics. In this work we critically review approaches to recombine these fragmented solutions in order to compute non-local expectation values, including the total energy. Starting from the democratic partitioning of expectation values used in density matrix embedding theory, we motivate and develop a number of alternative approaches, numerically demonstrating their efficiency and improved accuracy as a function of increasing cluster size for both energetics and non-local two-body observables in molecular and solid state systems. These approaches consider the $N$-representability of the resulting expectation values via an implicit global wave~function across the clusters, as well as the importance of including contributions to expectation values spanning multiple fragments simultaneously, thereby alleviating the fundamental locality approximation of the embedding. We clearly demonstrate the value of these introduced functionals for reliable extraction of observables and robust and systematic convergence as the cluster size increases, allowing for significantly smaller clusters to be used for a desired accuracy compared to traditional approaches in ab initio wave~function quantum embedding.
description: 20 pages
An RBF-PSO Based Approach for Modeling Prostate Cancer
Creators: name: Perracchione, Emma
name: Stura, Ilaria
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Tissues and Organs (q-bio.TO)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Prostate cancer is one of the most common cancers in men. It is characterized by a slow growth and it can be diagnosed in an early stage by observing the Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA). However, a relapse after the primary therapy could arise and different growth characteristics of the new tumor are observed. In order to get a better understanding of the phenomenon, a mathematical model involving several parameters is considered. To estimate the values of the parameters identifying the disease risk level a novel approach, based on combining Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) with a meshfree interpolation method, is proposed.
Development of a novel IMAC system using the MCL tacn
Creators: name: Mooney., Jane Therese
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
The minimal linear sigma model for the Goldstone Higgs
Creators: name: Feruglio, Ferruccio
name: Gavela, Belen
name: Kanshin, Kirill
name: Machado, Pedro Accioly Nogueira
name: Rigolin, Stefano
name: Saa, Sara
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the context of the minimal SO(5) linear σ-model, a complete renormalizable Lagrangian -including gauge bosons and fermions- is considered, with the symmetry softly broken to SO(4). The scalar sector describes both the electroweak Higgs doublet and the singlet σ. Varying the σ mass would allow to sweep from the regime of perturbative ultraviolet completion to the non-linear one assumed in models in which the Higgs particle is a low-energy remnant of some strong dynamics. We analyze the phenomenological implications and constraints from precision observables and LHC data. Furthermore, we derive the d <= 6 effective Lagrangian in the limit of heavy exotic fermions.
Modeling the GRB jet properties with 3D general relativistic simulations of magnetically arrested accretion flows
Creators: name: James, Bestin
name: Janiuk, Agnieszka
name: Nouri, Fatemeh Hossein
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the dependence of the GRB jet structure and its evolution on the properties of the accreting torus in the central engine. Our models numerically evolve the accretion disk around a Kerr black hole using 3D general relativistic magnetohydrodynamic simulations. We use two different analytical hydrodynamical models of the accretion disk, based on the Fishbone-Moncrief and Chakrabarti solutions, as our initial states for the structure of the collapsar disk and the remnant after a binary neutron star merger, respectively. We impose poloidal magnetic fields of two different geometries upon the initial stable solutions. We study the formation and evolution of the magnetically arrested disk state and its effect on the properties of the emitted jet. The jets produced in our models are structured and have a relatively hollow core and reach higher Lorentz factors at an angle $\gtrsim 9{^\circ}$ from the axis. The jet in our short GRB model has an opening angle of up to $\sim 25^{\circ}$ while our long GRB engine produces a narrower jet, of up to $\sim 11^{\circ}$. We also study the time variability of the jets and provide an estimate of the minimum variability timescale in our models. The application of our models to the GRB jets in the binary neutron star post-merger system and to the ultra-relativistic jets launched from collapsing stars are briefly discussed.
description: The Astrophysical Journal, in press
The Qualities of a Faithful in the First 11 Verses of Chapter 23 of the Holy Quran
Creators: name: Rizvi, Syed Imon
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 500403
subject: Islamic studies

description: This research paper delves into the qualities of a faithful as described in the first 11 verses of Chapter 23 of the Holy Quran, known as "The Faithful" (Al-Mu'minun). These verses elucidate seven key qualities that distinguish the faithful and offer a profound insight into the ethical and spiritual dimensions of Islam. The analysis presented here seeks to elucidate these qualities, their significance, and their practical implications, making this knowledge accessible to all.
On A Testing and Implementation of Quantum Gate and Measurement Emulator (QGAME)
Creators: name: Mutiara, A. B.
name: Refianti, R.
name: Karamoy, J. S. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Other Computer Science (cs.OH)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Today, people are looking forward to get an awesome computational power. This kind of desire can be answered by quantum computing. By adopting quantum mechanics theory, it can generate a very fast computation result. As known, quantum mechanics can establish that particle can also become wave; it shows that electron can be in duality. Through this theory, even a human teleportation is issued can be really happened in the future. However, it needs a high requirement of hardware support to implement the real quantum computing. That is why it is difficult to bring quantum computing into reality. This research presents a study about quantum computing. Here it is studied, a specialty of quantum computing, like superposition, as if the classical computer can do it. Since there was a marvellous research about quantum computer simulation that runs on classical computer, this research provides an analysis about our testing and implementation of Quantum Gate and Measurement Emulator (QGAME). Our analysis, testing and implementation are based on a method that always use in the software engineering field.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures
Classification of anomalous diffusion in animal movement data using power spectral analysis
Creators: name: Vilk, Ohad
name: Aghion, Erez
name: Nathan, Ran
name: Toledo, Sivan
name: Metzler, Ralf
name: Assaf, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The field of movement ecology has seen a rapid increase in high-resolution data in recent years, leading to the development of numerous statistical and numerical methods to analyse relocation trajectories. Data are often collected at the level of the individual and for long periods that may encompass a range of behaviours. Here, we use the power spectral density (PSD) to characterise the random movement patterns of a black-winged kite (Elanus caeruleus) and a white stork (Ciconia ciconia). The tracks are first segmented and clustered into different behaviours (movement modes), and for each mode we measure the PSD and the ageing properties of the process. For the foraging kite we find $1/f$ noise, previously reported in ecological systems mainly in the context of population dynamics, but not for movement data. We further suggest plausible models for each of the behavioural modes by comparing both the measured PSD exponents and the distribution of the single-trajectory PSD to known theoretical results and simulations.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures
A transitioning universe with anisotropic dark energy
Creators: name: Yadav, Anil Kumar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we present a model of transitioning universe with minimal interaction between perfect fluid and anisotropic dark energy in Bianchi I space-time. The two sources are assumed to minimally interacted and therefore their energy momentum tensors are conserved separately. The explicit expression for average scale factor are considered in hybrid form that gives time varying deceleration parameter which describes both the early and late time physical features of universe. We also discuss the physical and geometrical properties of the model derived in this paper. The solution is interesting physically as it explain accelerating universe as well as singularity free universe.
description: 7 pages, 2 figure panels
Spontaneously broken supersymmetric fracton phases with fermionic subsystem symmetries
Creators: name: Katsura, Hosho
name: Nakayama, Yu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct a purely fermionic system with spontaneously broken supersymmetry that shares the common feature with a fracton phase of matter. Our model is gapless due to the Nambu-Goldstone mechanism. It shows a ground-state degeneracy with the "Area-law" entropy due to fermionic subsystem symmetries. In the strongly coupled limit, it becomes a variant of the Nicolai model, and the ground-state degeneracy shows the "Volume-law" entropy. Gauging the fermionic subsystem symmetry has an t'Hooft anomaly by itself, but the would-be gauged theory may possess a fermionic defect that is immobile in certain spatial directions.
description: 20 pages, v2: minor changes, reference added
Decay estimates for the time-fractional evolution equations with time-dependent coefficients
Creators: name: Smadiyeva, Asselya G.
name: Torebek, Berikbol T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, the initial-boundary value problems for the time-fractional degenerate evolution equations are considered. Firstly, in the linear case, we obtain the optimal rates of decay estimates of the solutions. The decay estimates are also established for the time-fractional evolution equations with nonlinear operators such as: p-Laplacian, the porous medium operator, degenerate operator, mean curvature operator, and Kirchhoff operator. At the end, some applications of the obtained results are given to derive the decay estimates of global solutions for the time-fractional Fisher-KPP-type equation and the time-fractional porous medium equation with the nonlinear source.
description: 23 pages. The previous version of the paper has been edited according to the comments of the reviewers
Morphogenetic interactions and Hox gene expression during branching of the embryonic mouse lung
Creators: name: Mollard., Richard
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
TikZ-Feynman: Feynman diagrams with TikZ
Creators: name: Ellis, Joshua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: TikZ-Feynman is a LaTeX package allowing Feynman diagrams to be easily generated within LaTeX with minimal user instructions and without the need of external programs. It builds upon the TikZ package and leverages the graph placement algorithms from TikZ in order to automate the placement of many vertices. TikZ-Feynman still allows fine-tuned placement of vertices so that even complex diagrams can still be generated with ease.
description: 31 pages
Unexplored outflows in nearby low luminosity AGNs: the case of NGC 1052
Creators: name: Cazzoli, S.
name: Muñoz, L. Hermosa
name: Márquez, I.
name: Masegosa, J.
name: Castillo-Morales, A.
name: de Paz, A. Gil
name: Hernández-García, L.
name: La Franca, F.
name: Almeida, C. Ramos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Outflows play a central role in galaxy evolution shaping the properties of galaxies. Understanding outflows and their effects in low luminosity AGNs, such as LINERs, is essential (e.g. they are a numerous AGN population in the local Universe). We obtained VLT/MUSE and GTC/MEGARA optical IFS-data for NGC1052, the prototypical LINER. The stars are distributed in a dynamically hot disc, with a centrally peaked velocity dispersion map and large observed velocity amplitudes. The ionised gas, probed by the primary component is detected up to $\sim$30arcsec ($\sim$3.3 kpc) mostly in the polar direction with blue and red velocities ($\mid$V$\mid$$<$250 km/s). The velocity dispersion map shows a notable enhancement ($σ$$>$90 km/s) crossing the galaxy along the major axis of rotation in the central 10arcsec. The secondary component has a bipolar morphology, velocity dispersion larger than 150 km/s and velocities up to 660 km/s. A third component is detected but not spatially resolved. The maps of the NaD absorption indicate optically thick neutral gas with a velocity field consistent with a slow rotating disc ($Δ$V = 77$\pm$12 km/s) but the velocity dispersion map is off-centred without any counterpart in the flux map. We found evidence of an ionised gas outflow with mass of 1.6$\pm$0.6 $\times$ 10$^{5}$ Msun, and mass rate of 0.4$\pm$0.2 Msun/yr. The outflow is propagating in a cocoon of gas with enhanced turbulence and might be triggering the onset of kpc-scale buoyant bubbles (polar emission). Taking into account the energy and kinetic power of the outflow (1.3$\pm$0.9 $\times$ 10$^{53}$ erg and 8.8$\pm$3.5 $\times$ 10$^{40}$ erg/s, respectively) as well as its alignment with both the jet and the cocoon, and that the gas is collisionally ionised, we consider that the outflow is jet-powered, although some contribution from the AGN is possible.
description: A&A accepted 04/04/2022, 31 pages, 12 figures and 3 appendixes
Flares from Galactic centre pulsars: a new class of X-ray transients?
Creators: name: Giannios, Dimitrios
name: Lorimer, Duncan R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Despite intensive searches, the only pulsar within 0.1 pc of the central black hole in our Galaxy, Sgr A*, is a radio-loud magnetar. Since magnetars are rare among the Galactic neutron star population, and a large number of massive stars are already known in this region, the Galactic centre (GC) should harbor a large number of neutron stars. Population syntheses suggest several thousand neutron stars may be present in the GC. Many of these could be highly energetic millisecond pulsars which are also proposed to be responsible for the GC gamma-ray excess. We propose that the presence of a neutron star within 0.03~pc from Sgr~A* can be revealed by the shock interactions with the disk around the central black hole. As we demonstrate, these interactions result in observable transient non-thermal X-ray and gamma-ray emission over timescales of months, provided that the spin down luminosity of the neutron star is L_{sd}~10^{35} erg/s. Current limits on the population of normal and millisecond pulsars in the GC region suggest that a number of such pulsars are present with such luminosities.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Evidence for a Distant Giant Planet in the Solar System
Creators: name: Batygin, Konstantin
name: Brown, Michael E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent analyses have shown that distant orbits within the scattered disk population of the Kuiper belt exhibit an unexpected clustering in their respective arguments of perihelion. While several hypotheses have been put forward to explain this alignment, to date, a theoretical model that can successfully account for the observations remains elusive. In this work we show that the orbits of distant Kuiper belt objects cluster not only in argument of perihelion, but also in physical space. We demonstrate that the perihelion positions and orbital planes of the objects are tightly confined and that such a clustering has only a probability of 0.007% to be due to chance, thus requiring a dynamical origin. We find that the observed orbital alignment can be maintained by a distant eccentric planet with mass greater than ~10 Earth masses, whose orbit lies in approximately the same plane as those of the distant Kuiper belt objects, but whose perihelion is 180 degrees away from the perihelia of the minor bodies. In addition to accounting for the observed orbital alignment, the existence of such a planet naturally explains the presence of high perihelion Sedna-like objects, as well as the known collection of high semimajor axis objects with inclinations between 60 and 150 degrees whose origin was previously unclear. Continued analysis of both distant and highly inclined outer solar system objects provides the opportunity for testing our hypothesis as well as further constraining the orbital elements and mass of the distant planet.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures, published in the Astronomical Journal, 151, 22
Rhizoclonium fractum Ichihara et Miyaji 2016, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Ichihara, Kensuke
name: Shimada, Satoshi
name: Miyaji, Kazuyuki
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Chlorophyta
Ulvophyceae
Cladophorales
Cladophoraceae
Rhizoclonium
Rhizoclonium fractum

description: Rhizoclonium fractum Ichihara et Miyaji sp. nov. (Figs. 5, 6)
Description: Narrow, uniseriate, unbranched, filamentous alga growing on mangrove bark. Thalli are green, rarely with non-septate rhizoids, up to 5 mm long. Apical cells sometimes enlarged and swollen. Cells 22.9–43.9 μm in diameter, 18.6–86.4 μm long, with L/D ratios of 0.7–2.9. Each cell contains 2–13 nuclei. Spindle- or band-shaped chloroplasts located peripherally in the cytoplasm. Chloroplasts containing 3–12 pyrenoids. Pyrenoids polypyramidal, each covered with 4–12 starch plates; 2–10 thylakoid membranes traverse each pyrenoid. Nuclear-encoded SSU rRNA gene sequence: LC042104; nuclear-encoded LSU rRNA gene partial sequence: LC042102.
Holotype: SAP114670, collected by K. Miyaji on Feb 27, 2012, deposited in the Herbarium of the Faculty of Science at Hokkaido University, Sapporo.
Type locality: Kesaji, Azuma, Okinawa Pref., Japan (26°36′N, 128°08′E).
Etymology: From the Latin adjective “fractus,” meaning “break, fragment,” referring to the formation of short thalli by fragmentation.
description: Published as part of Ichihara, Kensuke, Shimada, Satoshi & Miyaji, Kazuyuki, 2016, Two new green algae, Rhizoclonium fractum sp. nov. and R. umbraticum sp. nov., from tropical and subtropical brackish waters of Japan, pp. 231-249 in Phytotaxa 266 (4) on pages 245-246, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.266.4.1, http://zenodo.org/record/13658104
Too Much and Not Enough: Gathering and Gardening
Creators: name: Stewart, Dell
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2023
Subjects: Fine arts

description: This thesis examines two modes of working in my practice. The first is a studio practice that produces distinct artworks, primarily; ceramics, animation and textiles. The second is my participation in a range of social networks that are produced by collaboration and curation. A series of reciprocal relationships are generated by the conflation of these two modes. I examine how these two modes of working inform and alter each other and the entangled networks they produce. How does a gathering (of things or people) become more than the sum of its parts, developing a momentum and life of its own?
Distributed Query Processing Plans generation using Teacher Learner Based Optimization
Creators: name: Mishra, Vikash
name: Singh, Vikram
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: With the growing popularity, the number of data sources and the amount of data has been growing very fast in recent years. The distribution of operational data on disperse data sources impose a challenge on processing user queries. In such database systems, the database relations required by a query to answer may be stored at multiple sites. This leads to an exponential increase in the number of possible equivalent or alternatives of a user query. Though it is not computationally reasonable to explore exhaustively all possible query plans in a large search space, thus a strategy is requisite to produce optimal query plans in distributed database systems. The query plan with most cost-effective option for query processing is measured necessary and must be generated for a given query. This paper attempts to generate such optimal query plans using a parameter less optimization technique Teaching-Learner Based Optimization(TLBO). The TLBO algorithm was experiential to go one better than the other optimization algorithms for the multi objective unconstrained and constrained benchmark problems. Experimental comparisons of TLBO based optimal plan generation with the multiobjective genetic algorithm based distributed query plan generation algorithm shows that for higher number of relations, the TLBO based algorithm is able to generate comparatively better quality Top K query plans.
description: 12 pages
M5-branes wrapped on four-dimensional orbifolds
Creators: name: Cheung, K. C. Matthew
name: Fry, Jacob H. T.
name: Gauntlett, Jerome P.
name: Sparks, James
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct supersymmetric $AdS_3$ solutions of $D=11$ supergravity, dual to $d=2$, $\mathcal{N}=(0,2)$ SCFTs, that are associated with M5-branes wrapping two different four-dimensional orbifolds. In one case the orbifold is a spindle fibred over another spindle, while in the other it is a spindle fibred over a Riemann surface with genus $g>1$. We show that the central charges of the $d=2$ SCFTs calculated from the gravity solutions agree with field theory computations using anomaly polynomials. The new $D=11$ solutions are obtained after constructing a new consistent Kaluza-Klein truncation of maximal $D=7$ gauged supergravity reduced on a spindle down to $D=5$ minimal gauged supergravity.
description: 37 pages. Very minor changes. Published version
Time-Optimal Quantum Driving by Variational Circuit Learning
Creators: name: Huang, Tangyou
name: Ding, Yongcheng
name: Dupays, Léonce
name: Ban, Yue
name: Yung, Man-Hong
name: del Campo, Adolfo
name: Chen, Xi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The simulation of quantum dynamics on a digital quantum computer with parameterized circuits has widespread applications in fundamental and applied physics and chemistry. In this context, using the hybrid quantum-classical algorithm, combining classical optimizers and quantum computers, is a competitive strategy for solving specific problems. We put forward its use for optimal quantum control. We simulate the wave-packet expansion of a trapped quantum particle on a quantum device with a finite number of qubits. We then use circuit learning based on gradient descent to work out the intrinsic connection between the control phase transition and the quantum speed limit imposed by unitary dynamics. We further discuss the robustness of our method against errors and demonstrate the absence of barren plateaus in the circuit. The combination of digital quantum simulation and hybrid circuit learning opens up new prospects for quantum optimal control.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures
Non-Gaussianity in the Squeezed Three-Point Correlation from the Relativistic Effects
Creators: name: Yoo, Jaiyul
name: Grimm, Nastassia
name: Mitsou, Ermis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Assuming a LCDM universe in a single-field inflationary scenario, we compute the three-point correlation function of the observed matter density fluctuation in the squeezed triangular configuration, accounting for all the relativistic effects at the second order in perturbations. This squeezed three-point correlation function characterizes the local-type primordial non-Gaussianity, and it has been extensively debated in literature whether there exists a prominent feature in galaxy clustering on large scales in a single-field inflationary scenario either from the primordial origin or the intrinsic nonlinearity in general relativity. First, we show that theoretical descriptions of galaxy bias are incomplete in general relativity due to ambiguities in spatial gauge choice, while those of cosmological observables are independent of spatial gauge choice. Hence a proper relativistic description of galaxy bias is needed to reach a definitive conclusion in galaxy clustering. Second, we demonstrate that the gauge-invariant calculations of the cosmological observables remain unaffected by extra coordinate transformations like CFC or large diffeomorphism like dilatation. Finally, we show that the relativistic effects associated with light propagation in observations cancel each other, and hence there exists NO non-Gaussian contribution from the so-called projection effects.
description: 59 pages, no figures, published in JCAP
AdaChain: A Learned Adaptive Blockchain
Creators: name: Wu, Chenyuan
name: Mehta, Bhavana
name: Amiri, Mohammad Javad
name: Marcus, Ryan
name: Loo, Boon Thau
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper presents AdaChain, a learning-based blockchain framework that adaptively chooses the best permissioned blockchain architecture in order to optimize effective throughput for dynamic transaction workloads. AdaChain addresses the challenge in the Blockchain-as-a-Service (BaaS) environments, where a large variety of possible smart contracts are deployed with different workload characteristics. AdaChain supports automatically adapting to an underlying, dynamically changing workload through the use of reinforcement learning. When a promising architecture is identified, AdaChain switches from the current architecture to the promising one at runtime in a way that respects correctness and security concerns. Experimentally, we show that AdaChain can converge quickly to optimal architectures under changing workloads, significantly outperform fixed architectures in terms of the number of successfully committed transactions, all while incurring low additional overhead.
Ab initio Study of Aspirin Adsorption on Single-walled Carbon and Carbon Nitride Nanotubes
Creators: name: Lee, Yongju
name: Kwon, Dae-Gyeon
name: Kim, Gunn
name: Kwon, Young-Kyun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use ab intio density functional theory to investigate the adsorption properties of acetylsalicylic acid or aspirin on a (10, 0) carbon nanotube (CNT) and a (8, 0) triazine-based graphitic carbon nitride nanotube (CNNT). It is found that an aspirin molecule binds stronger to the CNNT with its adsorption energy of 0.67 eV than to the CNT with 0.51 eV. The stronger adsorption energy on the CNNT is ascribed to the high reactivity of its N atoms with high electron affinity. The CNNT exhibits local electric dipole moments, which cause strong charge redistribution in the aspirin molecule adsorbed on the CNNT than on the CNT. We also explore the influence of an external electric field on the adsorption properties of aspirin on these nanotubes by examining the modifications in their electronic band structures, partial densities of states, and charge distributions. It is found that an electric field applied along a particular direction induces aspirin molecular states in the in-gap region of the CNNT implying a potential application of aspirin detection.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures
Electron microscopy probing electron-photon interactions in SiC nanowires with ultra-wide energy and momentum match
Creators: name: Du, Jinlong
name: Chen, Jin-hui
name: Li, Yuehui
name: Shi, Ruochen
name: Wu, Mei
name: Xiao, Yun-Feng
name: Gao, Peng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nanoscale materials usually can trap light and strongly interact with it leading to many photonic device applications. The light-matter interactions are commonly probed by optical spectroscopy, which, however, have some limitations such as diffraction-limited spatial resolution, tiny momentum transfer and non-continuous excitation/detection. In this work, using scanning transmission electron microscopy-electron energy loss spectroscopy (STEM-EELS) with ultra-wide energy and momentum match and sub-nanometer spatial resolution, we study the optical microcavity resonant spectroscopy in a single SiC nanowire. The longitudinal Fabry-Perot (FP) resonating modes and the transverse whispering-gallery modes (WGMs) are simultaneously excited and detected, which span from near-infrared (~ 1.2 μm) to ultraviolet (~ 0.2 μm) spectral regime and the momentum transfer can be ranging up to 108 cm{^{-1}}. The size effects on the resonant spectra of nanowires are also revealed. Moreover, the nanoscale decay length of resonant EELS is revealed, which is contributed by the strongly localized electron-photon interactions in the SiC nanowire. This work provides a new alternative technique to investigate the optical resonating spectroscopy of a single nanowire structure and to explore the light-matter interactions in dielectric nanostructures, which is also promising for modulating free electrons via photonic structures.
Studies on the sulphated macromolecules of rabbit polymorphonuclear neutrophils
Creators: name: San., Mok Su
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
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Rhizoclonium umbraticum Ichihara et Miyaji 2016, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Ichihara, Kensuke
name: Shimada, Satoshi
name: Miyaji, Kazuyuki
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Chlorophyta
Ulvophyceae
Cladophorales
Cladophoraceae
Rhizoclonium
Rhizoclonium umbraticum

description: Rhizoclonium umbraticum Ichihara et Miyaji sp. nov. (Figs. 9, 10)
Description: Thalli comprising narrow, uniseriate, unbranched, yellowish-green filaments growing on mangroves or in shaded brackish waters. Non-septate rhizoids develop frequently; thalli fragment at the rhizoidal cells. Thalli up to 5 mm long. Cells 20.7–29.3 μm in diameter, 16.5–58.0 μm long, with an L/D ratio of 0.7–2.4. Each cell contains 1–2 nuclei. Spindle- or band-shaped chloroplasts are densely arranged peripherally in the cytoplasm. Each chloroplast contains 3–12 pyrenoids. Pyrenoids polypyramidal, each covered with 2–8 starch plates; 1–4 thylakoid membranes traverse each pyrenoid. Nuclear-encoded SSU rRNA gene sequence: LC042103, nuclear-encoded LSU rRNA gene partial sequence: LC042096.
Holotype: SAP114678, collected by K. Miyaji on Oct 14, 2012, deposited in the Herbarium of the Faculty of Science at Hokkaido University, Sapporo.
Type locality: Tanotsu, Fukuoka, Fukuoka Pref., Japan (33°37′N, 130°26′E).
Etymology: From the Latin adjective “umbraticus,” meaning “in the shade,” in reference to shady growing environment.
description: Published as part of Ichihara, Kensuke, Shimada, Satoshi & Miyaji, Kazuyuki, 2016, Two new green algae, Rhizoclonium fractum sp. nov. and R. umbraticum sp. nov., from tropical and subtropical brackish waters of Japan, pp. 231-249 in Phytotaxa 266 (4) on page 246, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.266.4.1, http://zenodo.org/record/13658104