cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Fast Exact Booleans for Iterated CSG using Octree-Embedded BSPs
Creators: name: Nehring-Wirxel, Julius
name: Trettner, Philip
name: Kobbelt, Leif
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computational Geometry (cs.CG)
subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present octree-embedded BSPs, a volumetric mesh data structure suited for performing a sequence of Boolean operations (iterated CSG) efficiently. At its core, our data structure leverages a plane-based geometry representation and integer arithmetics to guarantee unconditionally robust operations. These typically present considerable performance challenges which we overcome by using custom-tailored fixed-precision operations and an efficient algorithm for cutting a convex mesh against a plane. Consequently, BSP Booleans and mesh extraction are formulated in terms of mesh cutting. The octree is used as a global acceleration structure to keep modifications local and bound the BSP complexity. With our optimizations, we can perform up to 2.5 million mesh-plane cuts per second on a single core, which creates roughly 40-50 million output BSP nodes for CSG. We demonstrate our system in two iterated CSG settings: sweep volumes and a milling simulation.
Elassogaster linearis
Creators: name: Kameneva, E. P.
name: Korneyev, V. A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Platystomatidae
Elassogaster
Elassogaster linearis

description: Cephalia bicolor Bigot, 1886
Valid name. Elassogaster linearis (Walker, 1849) (Platystomatidae).
Sepsis linearis Walker, 1849: 998.
Elassogaster linearis: Steyskal, 1977: 137.
Dacus sepsoides Walker, 1861: 163.
Elassogaster sepsoides: Hendel, 1914: 22; Steyskal, 1977: 137.
Cephalia bicolor Bigot, 1886: 385.
Remarks: This nominal species was transferred to the genus Elassogaster by Hendel (1914) and into synonymy with E. linearis and E. sepsoides by Steyskal (1977).
description: Published as part of Kameneva, E. P. & Korneyev, V. A., 2022, Identity Of Species Assigned To The Genus Cephalia (Diptera, Tephritoidea), pp. 447-462 in Zoodiversity 56 (6) on pages 450-451, DOI: 10.15407/zoo2022.06.447, http://zenodo.org/record/10831280
Alisalia Casey 1911
Creators: name: Klimaszewski, Jan
name: Webster, Reginald
name: Savard, Karine
name: Couture, Jérôme
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Staphylinidae
Alisalia

description: Genus Alisalia Casey, 1911 1. Alisalia antennalis Casey 1911: 223 (UNITED STATES: Texas). 2. Alisalia bistriata (Bernhauer 1909: 528) [Atheta (Meotica) bistriata Bernhauer] (UNITED STATES: Pennsylvania). 3. Alisalia brevipennis Casey 1911: 220 (UNITED STATES: Rhode Island). Alisalia minutissima Casey 1911: 221 (UNITED STATES: North Carolina). syn. n. 4. Alisalia delicata Casey 1911: 222 (UNITED STATES: Colorado). 5. Alisalia elongata Klimaszewski & Webster, sp. n. (CANADA: New Brunswick). 6. Alisalia minuta Klimaszewski & Webster, sp. n. (CANADA: New Brunswick). 7. Alisalia parallela Casey 1911: (UNITED STATES: Texas). Alisalia austiniana Casey 1911: 222 (UNITED STATES: Texas). syn. n. 8. Alisalia testacea Casey 1911: 221 (CANADA: N ew B runswick; UNITED STATES: North Carolina).
description: Published as part of Klimaszewski, Jan, Webster, Reginald, Savard, Karine & Couture, Jérôme, 2009, First record of the genus Alisalia Casey from Canada, description of two new species, and a key to all Nearctic species of the genus (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Aleocharinae), pp. 1-18 in ZooKeys 25 (25) on pages 6-7, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.25.280, http://zenodo.org/record/576553
description: {"references": ["Casey TL (1911) New American species of Aleocharinae and Myllaeninae. Memoirs on the Coleoptera 2. Th e New Era Printing Co., Lancaster, Pennsylvania, 1 - 183.", "Bernhauer M (1909) Neue Aleocharini aus Nordamerika. 4. Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift (1909): 515 - 528."]}
Inferring Pediatric Sickle Disease Genotypes from Molecular Mechanistic Knowledge (Slides)
Creators: name: Callahan, Tiffany J
name: Wyrwa, Jordan M
name: Baumgartner Jr, William A
name: Hunter, Lawrence E
name: Kahn, Michael G
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Neurosymbolic Learning
Knowledge Graphs
Patient Representation Learning
Graph Representation Learning
Pediatric Rare Disease
Sickle Cell Disease
Open Biomedical Ontologies
PheKnowLator
OMOP2OBO

description: This entry contains the slides that were presented at the 2021 Rocky Bioinformatics Conference (https://www.iscb.org/rocky2021).
One Formula To Match Them All: The Bispinor Universal One-Loop Effective Action
Creators: name: Summ, Benjamin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Extensions of the Standard Model (SM) often contain new particles with masses far above the electroweak scale. Due to the presence of a mass hierarchy, effective field theory (EFT) is a suitable tool for the study of such extensions. In this thesis, we provide a solution to the matching problem at the one-loop level in the form of the Bispinor Universal One-Loop Effective Action (BSUOLEA), which is a pre-computed expression for the effective action, parameterised in terms of derivatives of the Lagrangian of the ultraviolet (UV) model. The BSUOLEA is derived using functional methods and is sufficiently general to match any renormalisable, Lorentz invariant UV model to an EFT, containing operators of mass dimension up to and including six at the one-loop level. This includes supersymmetric models regularised in dimensional reduction. Since the pre-computed expression contains many operators, it is implemented into a currently private Mathematica package, which automatically performs the matching based on the BSUOLEA. We illustrate the use of this package, which will be made publicly available in the near future, by applying it to the matching of the Singlet Extended SM to the SM EFT. We then expand the framework in order to apply it to a non-renormalisable extension of the SM containing a vector resonance, which is assumed to arise from the confinement of a gauge group at high energies. This model raises some interesting theoretical questions since such a vector resonance comprises a system with second-class constraints. We perform the constraint analysis of the model and derive the generating functional in order to apply functional methods to the matching. We finally match the model to the SM EFT and present the full one-loop result including operators up to mass dimension six.
description: PhD thesis
Instantons and the 5D U(1) gauge theory with extra adjoint
Creators: name: Poghossian, Rubik
name: Samsonyan, Marine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper we compute the partition function of 5D supersymmetric U(1) gauge theory with extra adjoint matter in general $Ω$-background. It is well known that such partition functions encode very rich topological information. We show in particular that unlike the case with no extra matter, the partition function with extra adjoint at some special values of the parameters directly reproduces the generating function for the Poincare polynomial of the moduli space of instantons. Comparing our results with those recently obtained by Iqbal et. al., who used the refined topological vertex method, we present our comments on apparent discrepancies.
description: 9 pages
A twist in the geometry of rotating black holes: seeking the cause of acausality
Creators: name: Andreka, Hajnal
name: Nemeti, Istvan
name: Wuthrich, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate Kerr-Newman black holes in which a rotating charged ring-shaped singularity induces a region which contains closed timelike curves (CTCs). Contrary to popular belief, it turns out that the time orientation of the CTC is opposite to the direction in which the singularity or the ergosphere rotates. In this sense, CTCs "counter-rotate" against the rotating black hole. We have similar results for all spacetimes sufficiently familiar to us in which rotation induces CTCs. This motivates our conjecture that perhaps this counter-rotation is not an accidental oddity particular to Kerr-Newman spacetimes, but instead there may be a general and intuitively comprehensible reason for this.
description: 21 pages, 5 figures; replaced to match published version forthcoming in General Relativity and Gravitation
Discussion of: Treelets--An adaptive multi-Scale basis for sparse unordered data
Creators: name: Murtagh, Fionn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Discussion of "Treelets--An adaptive multi-Scale basis for sparse unordered data" [arXiv:0707.0481]
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/08-AOAS137A the Annals of Applied Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aoas/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Efficient Computation of Spatially-Discrete Traveling-Wave Modulated Structures
Creators: name: Scarborough, Cody
name: Wu, Zhanni
name: Grbic, Anthony
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Traveling-wave modulation is a form of space-time modulation which has been shown to enable unique electromagnetic phenomena such as non-reciprocity, beam-steering, frequency conversion, and amplification. In practice, traveling-wave modulation is achieved by applying a staggered time-modulation signal to a spatially-discrete array of unit cells. Therefore, the capability to accurately simulate spatially-discrete traveling-wave modulated structures is critical to design. However, simulating these structures is challenging due to the complex space-time dependence of the constituent unit cells. In this paper, a field relation (referred to as the interpath relation) is derived for spatially-discrete traveling-wave modulated structures. The interpath relation reveals that the field within a single time-modulated unit cell (rather than an entire spatial period) is sufficient to determine the field solution throughout space. It will be shown that the interpath relation can be incorporated into existing periodic method of moments solvers simply by modifying the source basis functions. As a result, the computational domain is reduced from an entire spatial period to a single time-modulated unit cell, dramatically reducing the number of unknowns. In the context of traveling-wave modulation, this enables researchers to efficiently simulate both complex structures with patterned unit cells in addition to continuous structures with infinitesimal unit cells.
description: 15 pages
Gauge Covariance of the Aharonov-Bohm Phase in Noncommutative Quantum Mechanics
Creators: name: Chaichian, Masud
name: Långvik, Miklos
name: Sasaki, Shin
name: Tureanu, Anca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The gauge covariance of the wave function phase factor in noncommutative quantum mechanics (NCQM) is discussed. We show that the naive path integral formulation and an approach where one shifts the coordinates of NCQM in the presence of a background vector potential leads to the gauge non-covariance of the phase factor. Due to this fact, the Aharonov-Bohm phase in NCQM which is evaluated through the path-integral or by shifting the coordinates is neither gauge invariant nor gauge covariant. We show that the gauge covariant Aharonov-Bohm effect should be described by using the noncommutative Wilson lines, what is consistent with the noncommutative Schrödinger equation. This approach can ultimately be used for deriving an analogue of the Dirac quantization condition for the magnetic monopole.
description: 18 pages, 1 figure, references added, some points clarified further, minor corrections
Supplementary information for the article "Accelerating the Development of Thin Film Photovoltaic Technologies: An Artificial Intelligence Assisted Methodology Using Spectroscopic and Optoelectronic Techniques"
Creators: name: Grau-Luque, Enric
name: Becerril-Romero, Ignacio
name: Atlan, Fabien
name: Zimmermann, Andreas
name: Pérez-Rodríguez, Alejandro
name: Guc, Maxim
name: Izquierdo-Roca, Victor
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: This repository serves as a valuable supplementary information for the article titled "Accelerating the Development of Thin Film Photovoltaic Technologies: An Artificial Intelligence Assisted Methodology Using Spectroscopic and Optoelectronic Techniques". It provides access to both the sample code and the data that were used to achieve the results presented in the article. This additional material offers readers and researchers an in-depth look into the practical application of the methodologies discussed, enhancing the article's utility.
Measuring economic activity from space: a case study using flying airplanes and COVID-19
Creators: name: Segundo, Mauricio Pamplona
name: Pinto, Allan
name: Minetto, Rodrigo
name: Torres, Ricardo da Silva
name: Sarkar, Sudeep
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This work introduces a novel solution to measure economic activity through remote sensing for a wide range of spatial areas. We hypothesized that disturbances in human behavior caused by major life-changing events leave signatures in satellite imagery that allows devising relevant image-based indicators to estimate their impacts and support decision-makers. We present a case study for the COVID-19 coronavirus outbreak, which imposed severe mobility restrictions and caused worldwide disruptions, using flying airplane detection around the 30 busiest airports in Europe to quantify and analyze the lockdown's effects and post-lockdown recovery. Our solution won the Rapid Action Coronavirus Earth observation (RACE) upscaling challenge, sponsored by the European Space Agency and the European Commission, and now integrates the RACE dashboard. This platform combines satellite data and artificial intelligence to promote a progressive and safe reopening of essential activities. Code and CNN models are available at https://github.com/maups/covid19-custom-script-contest
description: 11 pages, 11 figures
ความตั้งใจของผู้ซื้อขายหลักทรัพย์ผ่านอินเทอร์เน็ต
Creators: name: นิธินาถ วงศ์สวัสดิ์
name: ปวีณา คำพุกกะ
Publisher: name: สมาคมนักวิจัย
Year: 2557
Subjects: การรับรู้ประโยชน์,การรับรู้ความง่ายในการใช้งาน,การรับรู้ความเสี่ยง,ความตั้งใจ,การซื้อขายหลักทรัพย์ผ่านอินเทอร์เน็ต

description: 2, 19, วารสารสมาคมนักวิจัย
Free energy diminishing discretization of Darcy-Forchheimer flow in poroelastic media
Creators: name: Both, Jakub Wiktor
name: Nordbotten, Jan Martin
name: Radu, Florin Adrian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we develop a discretization for the non-linear coupled model of classical Darcy-Forchheimer flow in deformable porous media, an extension of the quasi-static Biot equations. The continuous model exhibits a generalized gradient flow structure, identifying the dissipative character of the physical system. The considered mixed finite element discretization is compatible with this structure, which gives access to a simple proof for the existence, uniqueness, and stability of discrete approximations. Moreover, still within the framework, the discretization allows for the development of finite volume type discretizations by lumping or numerical quadrature, reducing the computational cost of the numerical solution.
การจัดการความรู้ที่ส่งผลต่อทุนมนุษย์ของผู้ผลิต เซรามิกขนาดกลางและขนาดย่อม ในจังหวัดภาคเหนือตอนบนของประเทศไทย
Creators: name: จตุรภัทร วงศ์สิริสถาพร
name: วิชญานัน รัตนวิบูลย์สม
name: พนารัตน์ ปานมณี
name: วราวุธ ฤกษ์วรารักษ์
Publisher: name: สมาคมนักวิจัย
Year: 2557
Subjects: ฐานทรัพยากร,การจัดการความรู้,การบริหารทรัพยากรมนุษย์,ทุนมนุษย์ความได้เปรียบในการแข่งขัน

description: 2, 19, วารสารสมาคมนักวิจัย
A "hybrid plane" with spin-orbit interaction
Creators: name: Exner, Pavel
name: Šeba, Petr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 81V99, 47B99

description: In this paper we attempt to reconstruct one of the last projects of Volodya Geyler which remained unfinished. We study motion of a quantum particle in the plane to which a halfline lead is attached assuming that the particle has spin $\frac12$ and the plane component of the Hamiltonian contains a spin-orbit interaction of either Rashba or Dresselhaus type. We construct the class of admissible Hamiltonians and derive an explicit expression for the Green function applying it to the scattering in such a system.
description: LaTeX, 9 pages; in memoriam Vladimir A. Geyler (1943-2007)
Continuum analogues of excited-state quantum phase transitions
Creators: name: Stránský, Pavel
name: Šindelka, Milan
name: Cejnar, Pavel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Following our work [Phys. Rev. Lett. 125, 020401 (2020)], we discuss a semiclassical description of one-dimensional quantum tunneling through multibarrier potentials in terms of complex time. We start by defining a complex-extended continuum level density of unbound systems and show its relation to a complex time shift of the transmitted wave. While the real part of the level density and time shift describes the passage of the particle through classically allowed coordinate regions, the imaginary part is connected with an instanton-like picture of the tunneling through forbidden regions. We describe singularities in the real and imaginary parts of the level density and time shift caused by stationary points of the tunneling potential, and show that they represent a dual extension of excited-state quantum phase transitions from bound to continuum systems. Using the complex scaling method, we numerically verify the predicted effects in several tunneling potentials.
description: 16 pages, 7 figures
Dark energy interactions near the galactic centre
Creators: name: Benisty, David
name: Davis, Anne-Christine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate scalar-tensor theories, motivated by dark energy models, in the strong gravity regime around the black hole at the centre of our galaxy. In such theories general relativity is modified since the scalar field couples to matter. We consider the most general conformal and disformal couplings of the scalar field to matter to study the orbital behavior of the nearby stars around the galactic star center $Sgr A^{*}$. Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) simulation yields a bound on the parameters of the couplings of the scalar field to matter. Using Bayesian Analysis yields the first constraints on such theories in the strong gravity regime.
description: 10 pages; To appear in Phys Rev D
Response to Request for Information (RFI) on Search Capabilities across the biomedical landscape for NIH-wide Data Discovery
Creators: name: McMurry, Julie A
name: Haendel, Melissa
name: Hunter, Larry
name: Harris, Nomi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: With this RFI NIH seeks input on use cases, expectations, and capabilities to enhance NIH-wide data discovery and its reuse. In particular, NIH would like to better understand researchers’ experiences and expectations to identify underlying barriers or opportunities that can move the search landscape forward. Our perspective as data integrators across the translational spectrum is shown below for each of the search activities in scope (cohort-building, knowledge based search, and primary dataset discovery).
Derivation of a Vacuum Refractive Index in a Stringy Space-Time Foam Model
Creators: name: Ellis, John
name: Mavromatos, N. E.
name: Nanopoulos, D. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has been suggested that energetic photons propagating in vacuo should experience a non-trivial refractive index due to the foamy structure of space-time induced by quantum-gravitational fluctuations. The sensitivity of recent astrophysical observations, particularly of AGN Mk501 by the MAGIC Collaboration, approaches the Planck scale for a refractive index depending linearly on the photon energy. We present here a new derivation of this quantum-gravitational vacuum refraction index, based on a stringy analogue of the interaction of a photon with internal degrees of freedom in a conventional medium. We model the space-time foam as a gas of D-particles in the bulk space-time of a higher-dimensional cosmology where the observable Universe is a D3-brane. The interaction of an open string representing a photon with a D-particle stretches and excites the string, which subsequently decays and re-emits the photon with a time delay that increases linearly with the photon energy and is related to stringy uncertainty principles. We relate this derivation to other descriptions of the quantum-gravitational refractive index in vacuo.
description: 8 pages, 3 eps figures
Training Mixed-Objective Pointing Decoders for Block-Level Optimization in Search Recommendation
Creators: name: Kohli, Harsh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Related or ideal follow-up suggestions to a web query in search engines are often optimized based on several different parameters -- relevance to the original query, diversity, click probability etc. One or many rankers may be trained to score each suggestion from a candidate pool based on these factors. These scorers are usually pairwise classification tasks where each training example consists of a user query and a single suggestion from the list of candidates. We propose an architecture that takes all candidate suggestions associated with a given query and outputs a suggestion block. We discuss the benefits of such an architecture over traditional approaches and experiment with further enforcing each individual metric through mixed-objective training.
description: 4 pages. Accepted at the 43rd International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval
Collaboration with the Researchers – Content, Presentation systems and Techniques
Creators: name: Pääkkönen, Tuula
name: Hakkarainen, Jussi-Pekka
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: library lab
digital materials

description: Presentation slides of how National Library of Finland has identified its existing services: contents, presentation systems and techniques and how they could help in creating a National Library Lab.
Innovations in the law of lending : a study of the participation mortgage and a proposal for reform of the law of commercial mortgages
Creators: name: Rowntree, Lenore Ruth
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The period of high inflation during the late 1970s and early 1980s forced lenders to reconsider their methods of financing commercial real estate projects. During this period, lenders began experimenting with various new forms of mortgage documentation designed to support innovative financing techniques. Many of the innovative techniques developed included a participation feature whereby the lender, in addition to earning a fixed rate of interest, also participated in either the income from a project or the increased value in its equity, or both. As a result of instituting these techniques, both lenders and developers expanded their view of what a commercial mortgage entails. It is unlikely that lenders will return to viewing their role as that of simple renters of money. Since the law of mortgages in Canada has not been sufficiently flexible to adequately accommodate these innovative techniques, there is a need for reform of the law of commercial mortgages. In this paper, the writer will review the current commercial lending practices and discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the most commonly used forms of participation financing. The conclusion will set out a proposal for the reform of the law of commercial mortgages. Central to its recommendations will be the concept that the commercial mortgage should be regarded as a contract for a debt and not as a conveyance of an interest in property. This concept will allow the commercial lender and borrower the contractual freedom to enter into the bargain that best reflects their financing intentions without being hampered by the historical incidents of a common law mortgage.
Quantum spin correlations through the superconducting-normal phase transition in electron-doped superconducting Pr0.88LaCe0.12CuO4-d
Creators: name: Wilson, Stephen D.
name: Li, Shiliang
name: Zhao, Jun
name: Mu, Gang
name: Wen, Hai-hu
name: Lynn, Jeffrey W.
name: Freeman, Paul G.
name: Regnault, Louis-Pierre
name: Habicht, Klaus
name: Dai, Pengcheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quantum spin fluctuations of the S = 1/2 Cu ions are important in determining the physical properties of the high-transition temperature (high-Tc) copper oxide superconductors, but their possible role in the electron pairing for superconductivity remains an open question. The principal feature of the spin fluctuations in optimally doped high-Tc superconductors is a well defined magnetic resonance whose energy (Er) tracks Tc (as the composition is varied) and whose intensity develops like an order parameter in the superconducting state. We show that the suppression of superconductivity and its associated condensation energy by a magnetic field in the electron-doped high-Tc superconductor, Pr0.88LaCe0.12CuO4-d (Tc = 24 K), is accompanied by the complete suppression of the resonance and the concomitant emergence of static antiferromagnetic (AF) order. Our results demonstrate that the resonance is intimately related to the superconducting condensation energy, and thus suggest that it plays a role in the electron pairing and superconductivity.
description: PDF Format: 35 pages, 4 main text figures, 6 supplemental figures; Accepted for publication in PNAS
On dynamics of velocity vector potential in incompressible fluids
Creators: name: Chakraborty, Sagar
name: Guha, Partha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An elegant quaternionic formulation is given for the Lagrangian advection equation for velocity vector potential in fluid dynamics. At first we study the topological significance of a restricted conserved quantity viz., stream-helicity and later more realistic configuration of open streamlines is figured out. Also, using Clebsch parameterisation of the velocity vector potential yet another physical significance for the stream-helicity is provided. Finally we give a Nambu-Poisson formalism of the Lagrangian advection equation for velocity vector potential.
description: The presentation has been improved compared to the previous submission. More work has to be done before it could be considered a complete work. Suggestions are most welcome
On the structure of k-Lie algebras
Creators: name: Papadopoulos, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the structure constants of $k$-Lie algebras, $k>3$, with a positive definite metric are the sum of the volume forms of orthogonal $k$-planes. This generalizes the result for $k=3$ in arXiv:0804.2662 and arXiv:0804.3078, and confirms a conjecture in math/0211170.
description: 4 pages, minor changes and a reference added
Neutrino Physics and A4 matter assignments
Creators: name: Morisi, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Tribimaximal lepton mixing can be obtained assuming A4 flavour symmetry. Many possibilities have been explored in the literature and we give a classification in terms of A4 representations. We propose some phenomenological and theoretical criteria to distinguish between different assignment. As example we consider the possibility to extend A4 to SO(10) grand unified model.
description: 3 pages. Talk given at IFAE 2008, Bologna, Italy, 26-28 March 2008, added acknowledgments
A decoder for the triangular color code by matching on a Möbius strip
Creators: name: Sahay, Kaavya
name: Brown, Benjamin J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The color code is remarkable for its ability to perform fault-tolerant logic gates. This motivates the design of practical decoders that minimise the resource cost of color-code quantum computation. Here we propose a decoder for the planar color code with a triangular boundary where we match syndrome defects on a nontrivial manifold that has the topology of a Möbius strip. A basic implementation of our decoder used on the color code with hexagonal lattice geometry demonstrates a logical failure rate that is competitive with the optimal performance of the surface code, $\sim p^{α\sqrt{n}}$, with $α\approx 6 / 7 \sqrt{3} \approx 0.5$, error rate $p$, and $n$ the code length. Furthermore, by exhaustively testing over five billion error configurations, we find that a modification of our decoder that manually compares inequivalent recovery operators can correct all errors of weight $\le (d-1) /2$ for codes with distance $d \le 13$. Our decoder is derived using relations among the stabilizers that preserve global conservation laws at the lattice boundary. We present generalisations of our method to depolarising noise and fault-tolerant error correction, as well as to Majorana surface codes, higher-dimensional color codes and single-shot error correction.
description: 31 pages, 27 figures, comments welcome; v2 - references added, typos corrected, revised discussion about exhaustive search, conclusions remain the same; v3 - final author version, changes made in response to peer review to improve clarity, conclusions unchanged
A Monte Carlo Model for 'Jet Quenching'
Creators: name: Zapp, Korinna
name: Ingelman, Gunnar
name: Rathsman, Johan
name: Stachel, Johanna
name: Wiedemann, Urs Achim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have developed the Monte Carlo simulation program JEWEL 1.0 (Jet Evolution With Energy Loss), which interfaces a perturbative final state parton shower with medium effects occurring in ultra-relativistic heavy ion collisions. This is done by comparing for each jet fragment the probability of further perturbative splitting with the density-dependent probability of scattering with the medium. A simple hadronisation mechanism is included. In the absence of medium effects, we validate JEWEL against a set of benchmark jet measurements. For elastic interactions with the medium, we characterise not only the medium-induced modification of the jet, but also the jet-induced modification of the medium. Our main physics result is the observation that collisional and radiative medium modifications lead to characteristic differences in the jet fragmentation pattern, which persist above a soft background cut. We argue that this should allow to disentangle collisional and radiative parton energy loss mechanisms by measuring the n-jet fraction or a class of jet shape observables.
description: 16 pages, 10 figures, v2: version accepted by EPJ C
Fixed-Point and Objective Convergence of Plug-and-Play Algorithms
Creators: name: Nair, Pravin
name: Gavaskar, Ruturaj G.
name: Chaudhury, Kunal N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: A standard model for image reconstruction involves the minimization of a data-fidelity term along with a regularizer, where the optimization is performed using proximal algorithms such as ISTA and ADMM. In plug-and-play (PnP) regularization, the proximal operator (associated with the regularizer) in ISTA and ADMM is replaced by a powerful image denoiser. Although PnP regularization works surprisingly well in practice, its theoretical convergence -- whether convergence of the PnP iterates is guaranteed and if they minimize some objective function -- is not completely understood even for simple linear denoisers such as nonlocal means. In particular, while there are works where either iterate or objective convergence is established separately, a simultaneous guarantee on iterate and objective convergence is not available for any denoiser to our knowledge. In this paper, we establish both forms of convergence for a special class of linear denoisers. Notably, unlike existing works where the focus is on symmetric denoisers, our analysis covers non-symmetric denoisers such as nonlocal means and almost any convex data-fidelity. The novelty in this regard is that we make use of the convergence theory of averaged operators and we work with a special inner product (and norm) derived from the linear denoiser; the latter requires us to appropriately define the gradient and proximal operators associated with the data-fidelity term. We validate our convergence results using image reconstruction experiments.
description: Published in IEEE Transactions on Computational Imaging
Some implications of the Canadian tax law on foreign investments in Canada : a German perspective
Creators: name: Reuter, Michael F. M.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Canada is one of the countries depending on foreign investment to a fairly high extent. After some time of concern about foreign investment¹ the Foreign Investment Review Act (FIRA) was implemented.² With the federal election in 1984 the Canadian government took the stand in favour of foreign investment again and changed FIRA to a more positive "Investment Canada". Anyway, the control of foreign investment should be seen only as part of a larger economic policy, which determines the economic criteria for investment decisions. One of these criteria is the Canadian tax law. And as one example, prior to 1980, all private corporations were entitled to the refundable tax in respect of their investment income. A first limitation was introduced in October of 1973, whereby corporations other than Canadian-controlled-private corporations were denied any refundable tax in respect of income from real property for taxation years commenced after 1979. Finally, as a result of the November 12, 1981 budget, for taxation years commenced after that date, investment income no longer "earns" refundable tax unless the corporation was a Canadian-controlled-private corporation throughout the relevant taxation year. The Canadian taxation of residents and non-residents in Canada, including the taxation of Canadian and non-Canadian-controlled companies and branches of foreign companies, is unequal and discriminating. This thesis will give some ideas about the Canadian taxation of foreign investment in Canada, referring sometimes to the Canadian-German Double Tax Convention as well as the O.E.C.D. Model Double Tax Convention. Since tax planning is a part of general economic investment decisions, the taxation of foreign investments will be evaluated in relation to other investment criteria for investments in Canada. As it will become obvious, there are reasons in favour of the Canadian tax policy on one hand and reasons against it on the other hand. As a conclusion, I am of the opinion that it is worthwhile to consider changes in the taxation of foreign investment.
La materia della vita. Note per una discussione sulla bio-poietica
Creators: name: Fabbrichesi, Rossella
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2015
Subjects: vita; materia; poiesis

description: In queste note parto dal commento di alcuni passaggi dell'ultimo Foucault per proporre un'interpretazione della vita come materia di lavoro, in base alla quale costruire il proprio ethos, nella doppia valenza di daimon singolare e di condotta condivisa. Ciò può condurre a tornare all'idea antica del bios philosophikos, rivista alla luce di un materialismo dell'incorporeo.
description: Nóema, No 6-1 (2015): La materia
Origin of matter out of pure curvature
Creators: name: Dadhich, Naresh
name: Maeda, Hideki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a mechanism for origin of matter in the universe in the framework of Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity in higher dimensions. The recently discovered new static black hole solution by the authors \cite{md2006} with the Kaluza-Klein split up of spacetime as a product of the usual ${\ma M}^4$ with a space of negative constant curvature is indeed a pure gravitational creation of a black hole which is also endowed with a Maxwell-like {\it gravitational charge} in four-dimensional vacuum spacetime. Further it could be envisioned as being formed from anti-de Sitter spacetime by collapse of radially inflowing charged null dust. It thus establishes the remarkable reciprocity between matter and gravity - as matter produces gravity (curvature), gravity too produces matter.
description: 8 pages, 1 Fig, Received Honorable Mention in 2007 GRF Essay Competition, Summary of the talk given at Himalayan Relativity Dialogue at Mirik, April 18-20, 2007
Variational learning for quantum artificial neural networks
Creators: name: Tacchino, Francesco
name: Mangini, Stefano
name: Barkoutsos, Panagiotis Kl.
name: Macchiavello, Chiara
name: Gerace, Dario
name: Tavernelli, Ivano
name: Bajoni, Daniele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the last few years, quantum computing and machine learning fostered rapid developments in their respective areas of application, introducing new perspectives on how information processing systems can be realized and programmed. The rapidly growing field of Quantum Machine Learning aims at bringing together these two ongoing revolutions. Here we first review a series of recent works describing the implementation of artificial neurons and feed-forward neural networks on quantum processors. We then present an original realization of efficient individual quantum nodes based on variational unsampling protocols. We investigate different learning strategies involving global and local layer-wise cost functions, and we assess their performances also in the presence of statistical measurement noise. While keeping full compatibility with the overall memory-efficient feed-forward architecture, our constructions effectively reduce the quantum circuit depth required to determine the activation probability of single neurons upon input of the relevant data-encoding quantum states. This suggests a viable approach towards the use of quantum neural networks for pattern classification on near-term quantum hardware.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures. Pre-submission manuscript, see DOI for the final version
Neutrino oscillations in matter and in twisting magnetic fields
Creators: name: Dvornikov, Maxim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We find the solution to the Dirac equation for a massive neutrino with a magnetic moment propagating in background matter and interacting with the twisting magnetic field. In frames of the relativistic quantum mechanics approach to the description of neutrino evolution we use the obtained solution to derive neutrino wave functions satisfying the given initial condition. We apply the results to the analysis of neutrino spin oscillations in matter under the influence of the twisting magnetic field. Then on the basis of the yielded results we describe spin-flavor oscillations of Dirac neutrinos that mix and have non-vanishing matrix of magnetic moments. We again formulate the initial condition problem, derive neutrinos wave functions and calculate the transition probabilities for different magnetic moments matrices. The consistency of the obtained results with the quantum mechanical treatment of spin-flavor oscillations is discussed. We also consider several applications to astrophysical and cosmological neutrinos.
description: 13 pages, 1 eps figure, RevTeX4. The paper was significantly revised. Title was changed, two new sections (Secs. IV and V), devoted to quantum mechanical treatment of neutrino oscillations and possible applications, were added. Many examples were included throughout the text. Final version to be published in J. Phys. G
Crystallographic Phase Transition and High-Tc Superconductivity in LaFeAsO:F
Creators: name: Nomura, Takatoshi
name: Kim, Sung Wng
name: Kamihara, Yoichi
name: Hirano, Masahiro
name: Sushko, Peter V.
name: Kato, Kenichi
name: Takata, Masaki
name: Shluger, Alexander L.
name: Hosono, Hideo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Undoped LaFeAsO, parent compound of the newly found high-Tc superconductor, exhibits a sharp decrease in the temperature-dependent resistivity at ~160 K. The anomaly can be suppressed by F doping and the superconductivity appears correspondingly, suggesting a close associate of the anomaly with the superconductivity. We examined the crystal structures, magnetic properties and superconductivity of undoped (normal conductor) and 14 at.% F-doped LaFeAsO (Tc = 20 K) by synchrotron X-ray diffraction, DC magnetic measurements, and ab initio calculations to demonstrate that the anomaly is associated with a phase transition from tetragonal (P4/nmm) to orthorhombic (Cmma) phases at ~160 K as well as an antiferromagnetic transition at ~140 K. These transitions can be explained by spin configuration-dependent potential energy surfaces derived from the ab initio calculations. The suppression of the transitions is ascribed to interrelated effects of geometric and electronic structural changes due to doping by F- ions.
description: 22 pages, 8 figures, 2 tables, Supplementary information is included at the end of the document, accepted for publication in Supercond. Sci. Technol
Cosmological Perturbations and Invariant Observables in Geodesic Lightcone Coordinates
Creators: name: Fröb, Markus B.
name: Lima, William C. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a recent approach to the construction of gauge-invariant relational observables in gravity in the context of cosmological perturbation theory. These observables are constructed using a field-dependent coordinate system, which we take to be geodesic lightcone coordinates. We show that the observables are gauge-independent in the fully non-linear theory, and that they have the expected form when one adopts the geodesic lightcone gauge for the metric. We give explicit expressions for the Sasaki-Mukhanov variable at linear order, and the Hubble rate -- as measured both by geodesic observers and by observers co-moving with the inflaton -- to second order. Moreover, we show that the well-known linearised equations of motion for the Sasaki-Mukhanov variable and the scalar constraint variables follow from the gauge-invariant Einstein's equations.
description: 38 pages. Some discussions improved and typos corrected. Matches published version
Geometrical effects and signal delay in time-dependent transport at the nanoscale
Creators: name: Moldoveanu, Valeriu
name: Manolescu, Andrei
name: Gudmundsson, Vidar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nonstationary and steady-state transport through a mesoscopic sample connected to particle reservoirs via time-dependent barriers is investigated within the reduced density operator method. The generalized Master equation is solved via the Crank-Nicolson algorithm by taking into account the memory kernel which embodies the non-Markovian effects that are commonly disregarded. We propose a physically reasonable model for the lead-sample coupling which takes into account the match between the energy of the incident electrons and the levels of the isolated sample, as well as their overlap at the contacts. Using a tight-binding description of the system we investigate the effects induced in the transient current by the spectral structure of the sample and by the localization properties of its eigenfunctions. In strong magnetic fields the transient currents propagate along edge states. The behavior of populations and coherences is discussed, as well as their connection to the tunneling processes that are relevant for transport.
description: 26 pages, 13 figures. To appear in New Journal of Physics
Sparse and Dense Encoding in Layered Associative Network of Spiking Neurons
Creators: name: Ishibashi, Kazuya
name: Hamaguchi, Kosuke
name: Okada, Masato
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: A synfire chain is a simple neural network model which can propagate stable synchronous spikes called a pulse packet and widely researched. However how synfire chains coexist in one network remains to be elucidated. We have studied the activity of a layered associative network of Leaky Integrate-and-Fire neurons in which connection we embed memory patterns by the Hebbian Learning. We analyzed their activity by the Fokker-Planck method. In our previous report, when a half of neurons belongs to each memory pattern (memory pattern rate $F=0.5$), the temporal profiles of the network activity is split into temporally clustered groups called sublattices under certain input conditions. In this study, we show that when the network is sparsely connected ($F<0.5$), synchronous firings of the memory pattern are promoted. On the contrary, the densely connected network ($F>0.5$) inhibit synchronous firings. The sparseness and denseness also effect the basin of attraction and the storage capacity of the embedded memory patterns. We show that the sparsely(densely) connected networks enlarge(shrink) the basion of attraction and increase(decrease) the storage capacity.