cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A statistical approach to simultaneous mapping and localization for mobile robots
Creators: name: Araneda, Anita
name: Fienberg, Stephen E.
name: Soto, Alvaro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Mobile robots require basic information to navigate through an environment: they need to know where they are (localization) and they need to know where they are going. For the latter, robots need a map of the environment. Using sensors of a variety of forms, robots gather information as they move through an environment in order to build a map. In this paper we present a novel sampling algorithm to solving the simultaneous mapping and localization (SLAM) problem in indoor environments. We approach the problem from a Bayesian statistics perspective. The data correspond to a set of range finder and odometer measurements, obtained at discrete time instants. We focus on the estimation of the posterior distribution over the space of possible maps given the data. By exploiting different factorizations of this distribution, we derive three sampling algorithms based on importance sampling. We illustrate the results of our approach by testing the algorithms with two real data sets obtained through robot navigation inside office buildings at Carnegie Mellon University and the Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile.
description: Published at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/07-AOAS115 in the Annals of Applied Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aoas/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Βέλτιστοι πειραματικοί σχεδιασμοί με παράγοντες σε δύο και περισσότερα επίπεδα
Creators: name: Χασιώτης, Βασίλειος Α.
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2018

description: Αντικείμενο της παρούσας διατριβής είναι η μελέτη των μη πλήρων παραγοντικών σχεδιασμών και των σχεδιασμών ίσο-επαναλαμβανόμενων επιπέδων ως προς κάποια κριτήρια βελτιστοποίησης. Επίσης, μελετάται και η κατασκευή των αντίστοιχων βέλτιστων σχεδιασμών, όπου αυτό είναι εφικτό. Αρχικά, δίνονται βασικές εισαγωγικές έννοιες, οι οποίες σχετίζονται με τους πειραματικούς σχεδιασμούς, όπως η έννοια της εκτιμητικής τάξης. Μεγαλύτερη έμφαση δίνεται στις έννοιες οι οποίες σχετίζονται με το αντικείμενο της παρούσας διατριβής. Στη συνέχεια, μελετώνται οι μη πλήρεις παραγοντικοί σχεδιασμοί με παράγοντες σε δύο επίπεδα, αποδεικνύοντας ότι δύο μη ισοδύναμοι κορεσμένοι σχεδιασμοί τάξης 22, οι οποίοι είναι γνωστοί στη βιβλιογραφία, είναι D-βέλτιστοι. Επίσης, μελετώνται οι μη πλήρεις παραγοντικοί σχεδιασμοί με παράγοντες σε τρία επίπεδα, κατασκευάζοντας τον Ε-, Α-, D-βέλτιστο BA(18, 8, 3, 2) με τη χρήση αλγοριθμικών τεχνικών και μεθόδων. Τέλος, δίνεται ένα άνω φράγμα του πλήθους στηλών για σχεδιασμούς ίσο-επαναλαμβανόμενων επιπέδων ελαχιστοποιώντας το E_f_NOD-κριτήριο. Με τη χρήση αλγοριθμικών τεχνικών και των μεθόδων της ``αύξησης" κατά γραμμές και της «υποπαράθεσης», κατασκευάζονται αρκετοί E_f_NOD-βέλτιστοι σχεδιασμοί ίσο-επαναλαμβανόμενων επιπέδων, εκ των οποίων μερικοί, προκύπτει ότι είναι υπερκορεσμένοι.
description: The objective of this thesis is the study of fractional factorial and equally replicated designs under various optimality criteria. The construction of optimal designs, if this is feasible, is studied. At first, basic introductory concepts, which are related to experimental designs, such as the resolution, are given. Greater emphasis on those that are related to the subject of this thesis is given. Moreover, the fractional factorial designs with two-level factors are studied, proving that two non-equivalent saturated designs of order 22, already existing in the current literature, are D-optimal. In addition, the fractional factorial designs with three-level factors are studied. The Ε-, Α-, D-optimal BA(18, 8, 3, 2), using algorithms, is constructed. In addition, an upper bound on the number of columns in equally replicated designs minimizing the E_f_NOD -criterion is obtained. A few E_f_NOD-optimal equally replicated designs are constructed, using algorithms and by row augmentation and row juxtaposition. Some of them, are supersaturated designs
Fundamentals of Memory Subsystem Design for HPC and AI Slides and Transcript
Creators: Kyu-Hyoun Kim
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2021

2021 ISSCC Tutorials
Abstract: This tutorial will help the audience understand memory subsystem design choices for various applications and systems: including technology, hierarchy, architecture, interface and packaging. The talk will begin with an overview of basics of memory subsystems including memory interfaces (device and module interfaces), controllers, subsystem architectures and RAS & ECC. The tutorial will then move on to explore memory subsystem design optimizations for HPC and AI applications.
Fundamentals of Time-Interleaved ADCs Slides and Transcript
Creators: John P. Keane
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2020

2020 ISSCC Tutorials
Abstract: In recent years, time-interleaving analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) have become more popular, especially for high sample rate applications such as wireline communications. This tutorial will cover the fundamentals of timeinterleaved sampling, including an introduction to aliasing and an explanation of how mismatch in time-interleaved architectures can cause aliasing artifacts to appear. Practical methods to implement time-interleaved ADCs and combat these mismatch-induced effects will also be presented.
Analytical solutions for Ising models on high dimensional lattices
Creators: name: Kryzhanovsky, Boris
name: Litinskii, Leonid
name: Egorov, Vladislav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use an m-vicinity method to examine Ising models on hypercube lattices of high dimensions d>=3. This method is applicable for both short-range and long-range interactions. We introduce a small parameter, which determines whether the method can be used when calculating the free energy. When we account for interaction with the nearest neighbors only, the value of this parameter depends on the dimension of the lattice d. We obtain an expression for the critical temperature in terms of the interaction constants that is in a good agreement with results of computer simulations. For d=5, 6, 7, our theoretical estimates match the experiments both qualitatively and quantitatively. For d=3, 4, our method is sufficiently accurate for calculation of the critical temperatures, however, it predicts a finite jump of the heat capacity at the critical point. In the case of the three-dimensional lattice (d=3), this contradicts to the commonly accepted ideas of the type of the singularity at the critical point. For the four-dimensional lattice (d = 4) the character of the singularity is under current discussion. For the dimensions d=1, 2 the m-vicinity method is not applicable.
description: 22 pages, 7 figures
Search for exoplanets with the radial-velocity technique: quantitative diagnostics of stellar activity
Creators: name: Desort, Morgan
name: Lagrange, Anne-Marie
name: Galland, Franck
name: Udry, Stephane
name: Mayor, Michel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aims: Stellar activity may complicate the analysis of high-precision radial-velocity spectroscopic data when looking for exoplanets signatures. We aim at quantifying the impact of stellar spots on stars with various spectral types and rotational velocities and comparing the simulations with data obtained with the HARPS spectrograph. Methods: We have developed detailed simulations of stellar spots and estimated their effects on a number of observables commonly used in the analysis of radial-velocity data when looking for extrasolar planets, such as radial-velocity curves, cross-correlation functions, bisector spans and photometric curves. The computed stellar spectra are then analyzed in the same way as when searching for exoplanets. Results: 1) A first grid of simulation results is built for F-K type stars, with different stellar and spot properties. 2) It is shown quantitatively that star spots with typical sizes of 1% can mimic both radial-velocity curves and the bisector behavior of short-period giant planets around G-K type stars with a vsini lower than the spectrograph resolution. For stars with intermediate vsini, smaller spots may produce similar features. In these cases, additional observables (e.g., photometry, spectroscopic diagnostics) are mandatory to confirm the presence of short-period planets. We show that, in some cases, photometric variations may not be enough to clearly rule out spots as explanations of the observed radial-velocity variations. This is particularly important when searching for super-Earth planets. 3) It is also stressed that quantitative values obtained for radial-velocity and bisector span amplitudes depend strongly on the detailed star properties, on the spectrograph used, on the set of lines used, and on the way they are measured.
description: 12 pages, 16 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
Non-uniform dependence on initial data for the generalized Camassa-Holm-Novikov equation in Besov space
Creators: name: Wu, Xing
name: Yu, Yanghai
name: Xiao, Yu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35B30, 35G25, 35Q53

description: Considered in this paper is the generalized Camassa-Holm-Novikov equation with high order nonlinearity, which unifies the Camassa-Holm and Novikov equations as special cases. We show that the solution map of generalized Camassa-Holm-Novikov equation is not uniformly continuous on the initial data in Besov spaces $B_{p, r}^s(\mathbb{R})$ with $s>\max\{1+\frac{1}{p}, \frac{3}{2}\}$, $1\leq p, r< \infty$ as well as in critical space $B_{2, 1}^{\frac{3}{2}}(\mathbb{R}).$ Our result covers and improves the previous work given by Li et al. \cite{Li 2020, 1Li 2020, Li 2021}(J. Differ. Equ. 269 (2020) 8686-8700; J. Math. Fluid Mech. 22 (2020) 4:50; J. Math. Fluid Mech., (2021) 23:36).
Astro Unparticle Physics
Creators: name: Freitas, A.
name: Wyler, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the effects of all flavor blind CP-conserving unparticle operators on 5th force experiments, stellar cooling, supernova explosions and compare the limits with each other and with those obtainable from collider experiments. In general, astrophysical bounds are considerably stronger, however they depend strongly on the dimension d_U of the unparticle operator. While for d_U=1, 5th force experiments yield exceedingly strong bounds, the bounds from stellar and supernova cooling are more comparable for d_U=2, with stellar cooling being most restrictive. Bounds on vectorial unparticle couplings are generally stronger than those on scalar ones.
description: 15 pp., 2 figures, 2 tables; v3: discussion about SN cooling extended for spin-dependent nucleon scattering, references added, version to appear in JHEP
title: .Friendship & Cooperation Treaty Between the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia And the Kingdom of Egypt May-November 1936/ Ashraf Saleh Mohamed Sayed
Creators: name: Sayed, Ashraf Saleh Mohamed
Publisher: name: National Library and Archives
Year: 2014
Subjects: Egypt - Foreign relations - Saudi Arabia - 1936
Saudi Arabia - Foreign relations - Egypt - 1936

The subject of this research is the Friendship and Cooperation Treaty concluded by the Kingdoms of Saudi Arabia and Egypt on May 7 and November 18, 1936. This treaty is a dividing line between a stage where relations between the two countries have been so strained to the extent of estrangement since 1926, and another stage when they were restored to normal and even better than normal thus reflecting the close ties binding the two countries and their peoples, and impact thereof on the Arab world. The research has been conducted in accordance with the analytical historical approach based on an exposition of historical realities and deductions made through explanation and interpretation.
Stationary axisymmetric solutions of five dimensional gravity
Creators: name: Giusto, Stefano
name: Saxena, Ashish
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider stationary axisymmetric solutions of general relativity that asymptote to five dimensional Minkowski space. It is known that this system has a hidden SL(3,R) symmetry. We identify an SO(2,1) subgroup of this symmetry group that preserves the asymptotic boundary conditions. We show that the action of this subgroup on a static solution generates a one-parameter family of stationary solutions carrying angular momentum. We conjecture that by repeated applications of this procedure one can generate all stationary axisymmetric solutions starting from static ones. As an example, we derive the Myers-Perry black hole starting from the Schwarzschild solution in five dimensions.
description: 31 pages, LaTeX; references added
Uniqueness of the 2-universality Criterion
Creators: name: Kominers, Scott D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11E20, 11E25

description: Kim, Kim, and Oh gave a minimal criterion for the 2-universality of positive-definite integer-matrix quadratic forms. We show that this 2-universality criterion is unique in the sense of the uniqueness of the Conway-Schneeberger Fifteen Theorem.
description: 4 pages. To appear, Note di Matematica
On-Chip Interconnects: Basic Concepts, Designs and Future Opportunities Slides and Transcript
Creators: Yvain Thonnart
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2021

2021 ISSCC Tutorials
Abstract: On-chip communication impacts the performance, energy efficiency, and area of systems-on-chip, multi-processors and highly parallel accelerators. This tutorial introduces a range of design options for on-chip interconnects. It presents routing schemes and mapping of different protocol families, flow-control and arbitration, synchronization strategies across clock domains, and fully asynchronous circuits. Finally, it introduces the potential of 3D-chip integration for on-chip communication.
Mixed membership stochastic blockmodels
Creators: name: Airoldi, Edoardo M
name: Blei, David M
name: Fienberg, Stephen E
name: Xing, Eric P
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Observations consisting of measurements on relationships for pairs of objects arise in many settings, such as protein interaction and gene regulatory networks, collections of author-recipient email, and social networks. Analyzing such data with probabilisic models can be delicate because the simple exchangeability assumptions underlying many boilerplate models no longer hold. In this paper, we describe a latent variable model of such data called the mixed membership stochastic blockmodel. This model extends blockmodels for relational data to ones which capture mixed membership latent relational structure, thus providing an object-specific low-dimensional representation. We develop a general variational inference algorithm for fast approximate posterior inference. We explore applications to social and protein interaction networks.
description: 46 pages, 14 figures, 3 tables
Sport in der Kunst, in: Festschrift X Jahre HBLA für Kunstgewerbe. Eggspositionen 1983-1993, S. 34 und 35. Linz 1993
Creators: name: ZEILNER FRANZ
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Kunst, Kultur, Sport, Antike, Olympische Spiele, Skulpturen, Alhleten, Siegerstatuen und Bilder

description: Sport in der Kunst. Griechische Kunst Römische Kunst Kunst, Kultur und Sport
Brain-Computer Interfaces: Fundamentals to Future Technologies Slides and Transcript
Creators: Rikky Muller
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2021

2021 ISSCC Tutorials
Abstract: Fueled by recent major investments, brain computer interfaces (BCIs) stand to revolutionize the treatment of neurological conditions, and in the future, the human experience. This tutorial will highlight key challenges in the realization of implantable BCIs such as closedloop operation, miniaturization, and scale. We will start by covering fundamental circuit building blocks and their interactions with electrodes, signals, and tissues. We will then go through an example of how to minimize the volume of a wireless implant.
Updates to xcms: simplified raw data access and enhanced MS level > 1 capabilities
Creators: name: Rainer, Johannes
name: Gatto, Laurent
name: Neumann, Steffen
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: metabolomics
xcms
Mass spectrometry

description: The xcms Bioconductor package is one of the standard toolboxes for the preprocessing of untargeted metabolomics data. Here we present recent updates to xcms, which re-use and build upon the support for memory-efficient parallel processing capabilities in the MSnbase Bioconductor software package for proteomics and general mass spectrometry data handling.

We have improved large-scale experiment data analysis through memory- efficient parallel processing capabilities and simplify raw spectra data access throughout the whole preprocessing task. This comprises also dedicated functionality to extract ion chromatograms/traces from the original files and to perform chromatographic peak detection directly on such chromatographic data. Besides paving the road for MRM/SRM data analysis with xcms, it also allows to evaluate different peak detection settings on selected signals before applying them to the whole data set. Along these lines, we also implemented new visualization capabilities aiding in the definition and evaluation of data set- specific settings for the various preprocessing algorithms. Finally, import of MRM/SRM raw data has been added and a framework for the identification of MS2 spectra for identified chromatographic peaks was implemented.
A structure-preserving doubling algorithm for solving a class of quadratic matrix equation with $M$-matrix
Creators: name: Chen, Cairong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Consider the problem of finding the maximal nonpositive solvent $Φ$ of the quadratic matrix equation (QME) $X^2 + BX + C =0$ with $B$ being a nonsingular $M$-matrix and $C$ an $M$-matrix such that $B^{-1}C\ge 0$, and $B - C - I$ a nonsingular $M$-matrix. Such QME arises from an overdamped vibrating system. Recently, Yu et al. ({\em Appl. Math. Comput.}, 218: 3303--3310, 2011) proved that $ρ(Φ)\le 1$ for this QME. In this paper, we slightly improve their result and prove $ρ(Φ)< 1$, which is important for the quadratic convergence of the structure-preserving doubling algorithm. Then, a new globally monotonically and quadratically convergent structure-preserving doubling algorithm to solve the QME is developed. Numerical examples are presented to demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of our method.
description: 8 pages, 2figures
Modification of microclimate by the blueberry leaf-tier, Cheimophila salicella (Hbn.) (Lepidoptera: Oecophoridae)
Creators: name: Contant, Hélène
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The ecology of Cheimophila salicella Hbn. (Lepidoptera: Oecophoridae), a blueberry leaf-tier was studied on high-bush blueberry, Vaccinium corymbosum L., in Richmond, British Columbia. The females frequently laid their eggs in the lichen Xanthoria sp., an oviposition site not previously reported for this species. The possible microclimatic advantages of such behaviour are discussed. In the Field, females required longer than males to complete their 6th instar, so females were usually bigger than males in that instar. The leaf shelter made by the larvae modified their microenvironment in the field. On clear and sunny days, measurements of shelter temperature were 6-7°C above those of ambient air. The shelter temperature remained warmer than the air as long as the incoming radiation levels were high. As the radiation levels dropped, the shelter temperature fell to, or a little below, air temperature. On cloudy days, there was no significant difference between the daily maximum shelter and air temperatures. Under clear skies, the daily amplitude of temperature fluctuations was greater inside the shelter than outside. A laboratory investigation of the effects of such fluctuations on development showed that a large amplitude increased the developmental rate of the lst-4th instars. This increase in rate of development was probably due to an accumulation of extra thermal units (Yeargan 1980) occurring in the large-amplitude regime. However, the high temperature of this regime retarded pupation, and the later instars required longer to complete their development. Overall, larvae in the small and large amplitude regimes required the same amount of time to develop from hatching to pupation. A third regime, "medium amplitude", slowed larval development, probably because the length of its thermophase was longer than that which the insect normally encountered in the field. Fifth- and sixth-instar females took longer than males to complete their development, both in the laboratory and in the field. The larger amplitude regime produced heavier pupae; females were, on average, 12.7 mg heavier than males. The microclimate of the shelter provides the larvae with more degree-days than if they were subjected to ambient air and therefore promotes faster development. Without the extra degree-days provided by the shelter, C. salicella would not be able to complete its larval development before the first lethal autumn frost.
The Heating and Pulsations of V386 Serpentis after its 2019 Dwarf Nova Outburst
Creators: name: Szkody, Paula
name: Godon, Patrick
name: Gaensicke, Boris T.
name: Kafka, Stella
name: Castillo, Odette F. T.
name: Bell, Keaton J.
name: Cho, P. B.
name: Sion, Edward M.
name: Kumar, Praphull
name: Townsley, Dean M.
name: Vanderbosch, Zach
name: Winget, Karen I.
name: Loohuis, Claire J. Olde
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Following the pulsation spectrum of a white dwarf through the heating and cooling involved in a dwarf nova outburst cycle provides a unique view of the changes to convective driving that take place on timescales of months versus millenia for non-accreting white dwarfs. In 2019 January the dwarf nova V386 Ser (one of a small number containing an accreting, pulsating white dwarf), underwent a large amplitude outburst. Hubble Space Telescope ultraviolet spectra were obtained 7 and 13 months after outburst along with optical ground-based photometry during this interval and high-speed photometry at 5.5 and 17 months after outburst. The resulting spectral and pulsational analysis shows a cooling of the white dwarf from 21,020 K to 18,750 K (with a gravity log(g) = 8.1) between the two UV observations, along with the presence of strong pulsations evident in both UV and optical at a much shorter period after outburst than at quiescence. The pulsation periods consistently lengthened during the year following outburst, in agreement with pulsation theory. However, it remains to be seen if the behavior at longer times past outburst will mimic the unusual non-monotonic cooling and long periods evident in the similar system GW Lib.
description: 25 pages, 14 figures, 5 Tables
Planetary nebulae, tracers of stellar nucleosynthesis
Creators: name: Stasinska, Grazyna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review the information that planetary nebulae and their immediate progenitors, the post-AGB objects, can provide to probe the nucleosynthesis and mixing in low and intermediate mass stars. We emphasize new approaches based on high signal-to-noise spectroscopy of planetary nebulae and of their central stars. We mention some of the problems still to overcome. We emphasize that, as found by several authors, planetary nebulae in low metallicity environments cannot be used to probe the oxygen abundance in the interstellar medium out of which their progenitors were formed, because of abundance modification during stellar evolution.
description: 13 pages, to appear in "StellarNucleosynthesis: 50yearsafterB2FH", eds. C. Charbonnel and J.-P. Zahn, EAS PublicationsSeries
Classical Soft Graviton Theorem Rewritten
Creators: name: Sahoo, Biswajit
name: Sen, Ashoke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Classical soft graviton theorem gives the gravitational wave-form at future null infinity at late retarded time $u$ for a general classical scattering. The large $u$ expansion has three known universal terms: the constant term, the term proportional to $1/u$ and the term proportional to $\ln u/u^2$, whose coefficients are determined solely in terms of the momenta of incoming and the outgoing hard particles, including the momenta carried by outgoing gravitational and electromagnetic radiation produced during scattering. For the constant term, also known as the memory effect, the dependence on the momenta carried away by the final state radiation / massless particles is known as non-linear memory or null memory. It was shown earlier that for the coefficient of the $1/u$ term the dependence on the momenta of the final state massless particles / radiation cancels and the result can be written solely in terms of the momenta of the incoming particles / radiation and the final state massive particles. In this note we show that the same result holds for the coefficient of the $\ln u/u^2$ term. Our result implies that for scattering of massless particles the coefficients of the $1/u$ and $\ln u/u^2$ terms are determined solely by the incoming momenta, even if the particles coalesce to form a black hole and massless radiation. We use our result to compute the low frequency flux of gravitational radiation from the collision of massless particles at large impact parameter.
description: LaTeX file, 21 pages; v2: added a section containing computation of flux of soft radiation during scattering of massless particles
Crossover from weak localization to Shubnikov-de Haas oscillations in a high mobility 2D electron gas
Creators: name: Sedrakyan, T. A.
name: Raikh, M. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the magnetoresistance, δρ_{xx}(B)/ρ_0, of a high-mobility 2D electron gas in the domain of magnetic fields, B, intermediate between the weak localization and the Shubnikov-de Haas oscillations, where δρ_{xx}(B)/ρ_0 is governed by the interaction effects. Assuming short-range impurity scattering, we demonstrate that in the {\em second order} in the interaction parameter, $λ$, a {\em linear} B-dependence, δρ_{xx}(B)/ρ_0\sim λ^2ω_c/E_F with {\em temperature-independent} slope emerges in this domain of B (here ω_c and E_F are the cyclotron frequency and the Fermi energy, respectively). Unlike previous mechanisms, the linear magnetoresistance is {\em unrelated} to the electron executing the full Larmour circle, but rather originates from the impurity scattering via the B-dependence of the {\em phase} of the impurity-induced Friedel oscillations.
description: 4+ pages, 3 figures
Fundamentals of wireless transceiver circuits and architectures (from 2G to 5G) Slides and Transcript
Creators: Venumadhav Bhagavatula
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2020

2020 ISSCC Tutorials
Abstract: Cellular technology has witnessed five generations of evolution - the mobile UE-era ushered in by 2G (GSM/EDGE), to the future smart-phones that will powered by the enhanced spectral efficiency of 5G. Each 'G' improved the user experience while introducing new hardware design challenges. This tutorial follows a topdown approach - we compare 2/3/4/5G system requirements, derive key TX/RX/LO circuit specifications, and highlight the differences in circuit topologies suited for these contrasting specifications. Using this framework, circuit techniques to handle a diverse range of problems such as low phase-noise oscillators, improved blocker tolerance, single-RB linearity, and digital calibration will be introduced.
Form-factors in the Baxter-Bazhanov-Stroganov model I: Norms and matrix elements
Creators: name: von Gehlen, G.
name: Iorgov, N.
name: Pakuliak, S.
name: Shadura, V.
name: Tykhyy, Yu.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We continue our investigation of the Z_N-Baxter-Bazhanov-Stroganov model using the method of separation of variables [nlin/0603028]. In this paper we calculate the norms and matrix elements of a local Z_N-spin operator between eigenvectors of the auxiliary problem. For the norm the multiple sums over the intermediate states are performed explicitly. In the case N=2 we solve the Baxter equation and obtain form-factors of the spin operator of the periodic Ising model on a finite lattice.
description: 24 pages
title: IT-Rettung 2019: IT-Unterstützung in Emergency Management & Response
Creators: name: Pottebaum, Jens
name: Erfurth, Christian
name: Reuter, Christian
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik
Year: 2021

description: Die Digitalisierung verspricht auch in der zivilen Gefahrenabwehr Vorteile z.B. in Form von schneller Lagebilderstellung, höherer Informationsqualität von Entscheidungsgrundlagen, effizienter Einsatzvorbereitung und Interaktion mit der Öffentlichkeit. Der Workshop IT-Rettung bietet Raum, Forschungserkenntnisse zu präsentieren und zu würdigen sowie fallstudien- und szenarien-orientierte Ergebnisse in einen allgemeinen Kontext einzuordnen.
Fundamentals of RF and Mm-Wave Power Amplifier Designs Slides and Transcript
Creators: Hua Wang
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2021

2021 ISSCC Tutorials
Abstract: This tutorial presents an overview of RF and mm-wave power-amplifier (PA) designs in silicon, focusing on the design fundamentals. First, the tutorial introduces PA performance metrics and their impact on wireless systems. Next, it presents the design basics of both PA active circuits and passive networks. The tutorial discusses popular PA classes, such as Class A, AB, B/C, E, F/F-1, and J. Finally, the tutorial concludes with several RF and mm-wave PA design examples.
Terminal weevils of lodgepole pine and their parasitoid complex in British Columbia
Creators: name: Kovacs, Ervin
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: A study has been conducted with the objectives of (1) identifying weevils and their parasitoids emerging from infested lodgepole pine leaders, (2) determining emergence patterns of hosts and their parasitoids, and (3) obtaining further information on the biologies of the terminal weevils and their natural enemies in British Columbia. The major experiments and biological observations were carried out in young spaced lodgepole pine, (Pinus contorta Dougl. var. latifolia Engelm.), stands at Ellis creek, near Penticton, B.C. A total of 1046 infested leaders were collected. One-third of the terminals were dissected and the numbers of weevils and parasitoids at developmental stages were recorded. The remainder of the leaders were set up for individual rearing. Observations were also made on the feeding and ovipositional behavior of the weevils. Feeding habits of the parasitoids were also studied. Dissections showed that a few adult weevils emerge in the fall of the year of attack. The majority of adults overwinter as larvae but pupation also may occur prior to winter. In addition, dissections indicated that parasitism plays an important role in larval mortality of weevils. Weevils which emerged in the laboratory were identified as being of the following species: Pissodes terminalis Hopping, Magdalis gentilis LeC. and Cylindrocopturus sp. (COLEOPTERA: Curculionidae). M. gentilis is the first weevil species to emerge, in late May. This emergence is followed by that of P. terminalis from early June through mid-July, while Cylindrocopturus sp. emerges from early June through mid-July. P. terminalis attacks the current year's leaders, whereas adult M. gentilis and Cylindrocopturus sp. feed on foliage. All three weevil species utilize lodgepole pine terminal shoots for breeding. Larval feeding under the bark almost always results in the death of the terminal. The terminal weevils have a complex of natural enemies in British Columbia. Parasitoids belong to six families of the order Hymenoptera. The pteromalid Rhopalichus pulchripennis Crawford is the most widely distributed parasitoid species in the province. Two species of Eurytoma (Eurytomidae) ranked second in abundance. Emergence patterns of adult parasitoids are closely synchronized with that of their hosts. Parasitoids were observed feeding on pollen of flowering weeds in the field. This observation suggests that natural parasitoid populations could be enhanced by cultivating lupin, Lupinus sp., in lodgepole pine stands. It was concluded that every effort should be made to minimize weevil numbers in order to prevent formation of crooks, forks and stag-heads. Early emergence of M. gentilis suggests that leader clipping projects should be carried out by early spring. Further research is recommended to ensure correct association between parasitoids and host weevil species and to develop or establish methods for preservation of parasitoids for clipped leaders for release in the forest.
Evidence for disequilibrium chemistry from vertical mixing in hot Jupiter atmospheres. A comprehensive survey of transiting close-in gas giant exoplanets with warm-Spitzer/IRAC
Creators: name: Baxter, C.
name: Désert, J-M.
name: Tsai, S-M.
name: Todorov, K. O.
name: Bean, J. L.
name: Deming, D.
name: Parmentier, V.
name: Fortney, J. J.
name: Line, M.
name: Thorngren, D.
name: Pierrehumbert, R. T.
name: Burrows, A.
name: Showman, A. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: [Abridged] Aims. We present a large atmospheric study of 49 gas giant exoplanets using infrared transmission photometry with Spitzer/IRAC at 3.6 and 4.5um. Methods. We uniformly analyze 70 photometric light curves of 33 transiting planets using our custom pipeline, which implements pixel level decorrelation. We use this survey to understand how infrared photometry traces changes in atmospheric chemical properties as a function of planetary temperature. We compare our measurements to a grid of 1D radiative-convective equilibrium forward atmospheric models which include disequilibrium chemistry. We explore various strengths of vertical mixing (Kzz = 0 - 10^12 cm2/s) as well as two chemical compositions (1x and 30x solar). Results. We find that, on average, Spitzer probes a difference of 0.5 atmospheric scale heights between 3.6 and 4.5um, which is measured at 7.5sigma level of significance. We find that the coolest planets show a lack of methane compared to expectations, which has also been reported by previous studies of individual objects. We show that the sample of coolest planets rule out 1x solar composition with >3sigma confidence while supporting low vertical mixing (Kzz = 10^8 cm2/s). On the other hand, we find that the hot planets are best explained by models with 1x solar metallicity and high vertical mixing (Kzz = 10^12 cm2/s). We interpret this as the lofting of CH4 to the upper atmospheric layers. Changing the interior temperature changes the expectation for equilibrium chemistry in deep layers, hence the expectation of disequilibrium chemistry higher up. We also find a significant scatter in the transmission signatures of the mid-temperate and ultra-hot planets, likely due to increased atmospheric diversity, without the need to invoke higher metallicities. Additionally, we compare Spitzer transmission with emission for the same planets and find no evidence for correlation.
description: 43 pages, 17 Figures. Accepted on 9 Feb 2021 in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Basic Design Approaches to Accelerating Deep Neural Networks Slides and Transcript
Creators: Rangharajan Venkatesan
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2021

2021 ISSCC Tutorials
Abstract: Deep neural networks are used across a wide range of applications. Custom hardware optimizations for this field offer significant performance and power advantages compared to general-purpose processors. However, achieving high TOPS/W and/or TOPS/mm2 along with the requirements for scalability and programmability is a challenging task. This tutorial presents various design approaches to strike the right balance between efficiency, scalability, and flexibility across different neural networks and towards new models. It presents a survey of (i) different circuits and architecture techniques to design efficient compute units, memory hierarchies, and interconnect topologies, (ii) compiler approaches to effectively tile computations, and (iii) neural network optimizations for efficient execution on the target hardware.
Charge Transport in and Electroluminescence from sp$^{3}$-Functionalized Carbon Nanotube Networks
Creators: name: Zorn, Nicolas F.
name: Berger, Felix J.
name: Zaumseil, Jana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The controlled covalent functionalization of semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) with luminescent sp$^{3}$ defects leads to additional narrow and tunable photoluminescence features in the near-infrared and even enables single-photon emission at room temperature, thus strongly expanding their application potential. However, the successful integration of sp$^{3}$-functionalized SWCNTs in optoelectronic devices with efficient defect state electroluminescence not only requires control over their emission properties but also a detailed understanding of the impact of functionalization on their electrical performance, especially in dense networks. Here, we demonstrate ambipolar, light-emitting field-effect transistors based on networks of pristine and functionalized polymer-sorted (6,5) SWCNTs. We investigate the influence of sp$^{3}$ defects on charge transport by employing electroluminescence and (charge-modulated) photoluminescence spectroscopy combined with temperature-dependent current-voltage measurements. We find that sp$^{3}$-functionalized SWCNTs actively participate in charge transport within the network as mobile carriers efficiently sample the sp$^{3}$ defects, which act as shallow trap states. While both hole and electron mobilities decrease with increasing degree of functionalization, the transistors remain fully operational, showing electroluminescence from the defect states that can be tuned by the defect density.
description: ACS Nano 2021
Measurement-Device-Independent Verification of a Quantum Memory
Creators: name: Yu, Yong
name: Sun, Peng-Fei
name: Zhang, Yu-Zhe
name: Bai, Bing
name: Fang, Yu-Qiang
name: Luo, Xi-Yu
name: An, Zi-Ye
name: Li, Jun
name: Zhang, Jun
name: Xu, Feihu
name: Bao, Xiao-Hui
name: Pan, Jian-Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we report an experiment that verifies an atomic-ensemble quantum memory via a measurement-device-independent scheme. A single photon generated via Rydberg blockade in one atomic ensemble is stored in another atomic ensemble via electromagnetically induced transparency. After storage for a long duration, this photon is retrieved and interfered with a second photon to perform joint Bell-state measurement (BSM). Quantum state for each photon is chosen based on a quantum random number generator respectively in each run. By evaluating correlations between the random states and BSM results, we certify that our memory is genuinely entanglement-preserving.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures
Dynamic Acoustic Unit Augmentation With BPE-Dropout for Low-Resource End-to-End Speech Recognition
Creators: name: Laptev, Aleksandr
name: Andrusenko, Andrei
name: Podluzhny, Ivan
name: Mitrofanov, Anton
name: Medennikov, Ivan
name: Matveev, Yuri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: With the rapid development of speech assistants, adapting server-intended automatic speech recognition (ASR) solutions to a direct device has become crucial. Researchers and industry prefer to use end-to-end ASR systems for on-device speech recognition tasks. This is because end-to-end systems can be made resource-efficient while maintaining a higher quality compared to hybrid systems. However, building end-to-end models requires a significant amount of speech data. Another challenging task associated with speech assistants is personalization, which mainly lies in handling out-of-vocabulary (OOV) words. In this work, we consider building an effective end-to-end ASR system in low-resource setups with a high OOV rate, embodied in Babel Turkish and Babel Georgian tasks. To address the aforementioned problems, we propose a method of dynamic acoustic unit augmentation based on the BPE-dropout technique. It non-deterministically tokenizes utterances to extend the token's contexts and to regularize their distribution for the model's recognition of unseen words. It also reduces the need for optimal subword vocabulary size search. The technique provides a steady improvement in regular and personalized (OOV-oriented) speech recognition tasks (at least 6% relative WER and 25% relative F-score) at no additional computational cost. Owing to the use of BPE-dropout, our monolingual Turkish Conformer established a competitive result with 22.2% character error rate (CER) and 38.9% word error rate (WER), which is close to the best published multilingual system.
description: 16 pages, 7 figures
Silicon Photonics: From Basics to ASICs Slides and Transcript
Creators: Sudip Shekhar
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2021

2021 ISSCC Tutorials
Abstract: The impact of silicon photonics is expected to grow exponentially in the next decade, driven by the demand for routing, switching, sensing, and computing massive amounts of data. In this tutorial, the basics of silicon photonic devices will be first presented briefly. Then state-of-the-art examples of silicon photonics and CMOS circuits will be described for high-speed intensity-modulation and coherent links, router-switches, biomedical sensing, and compute accelerators.
Utility Maximization with a Stochastic Clock and an Unbounded Random Endowment
Creators: name: Zitkovic, Gordan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Finance (q-fin.GN)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary: 91B28 Secondary: 60G99 60H99

description: We introduce a linear space of finitely additive measures to treat the problem of optimal expected utility from consumption under a stochastic clock and an unbounded random endowment process. In this way we establish existence and uniqueness for a large class of utility maximization problems including the classical ones of terminal wealth or consumption, as well as the problems depending on a random time-horizon or multiple consumption instances. As an example we treat explicitly the problem of maximizing the logarithmic utility of a consumption stream, where the local time of an Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process acts as a stochastic clock.
Ultra-Low Power Wireless Receiver Design Slides and Transcript
Creators: David Wentzloff
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2021

2021 ISSCC Tutorials
Abstract: Pervasive-computing and new wireless-sensing applications have re-energized the need for ultra-low-power (ULP) radios and wakeup receivers (WuR). These are used to improve the efficiency of wireless networks in multiple ways. This talk covers recent trends in ULP wireless receiver design, ULP receiver implementations, and design tradeoffs with examples of common ULP receiver architectures as well as examples of how industry wireless standards are adopting signaling to support ULP receivers.
Locally nilpotent linear groups
Creators: name: Detinko, A. S.
name: Flannery, D. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 20F19, Secondary 20H20

description: We survey aspects of locally nilpotent linear groups. Then we obtain a new classification; namely, we classify the irreducible maximal locally nilpotent subgroups of $\mathrm{GL}(q, \mathbb F)$ for prime $q$ and any field $\mathbb F$.
Order preservation in a generalized version of Krause's opinion dynamics model
Creators: name: Hendrickx, Julien M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Krause's model of opinion dynamics has recently been the object of several studies, partly because it is one of the simplest multi-agent systems involving position-dependent changing topologies. In this model, agents have an opinion represented by a real number and they update it by averaging those agent opinions distant from their opinion by less than a certain interaction radius. Some results obtained on this model rely on the fact that the opinion orders remain unchanged under iteration, a property that is consistent with the intuition in models with simultaneous updating on a fully connected communication topology. Several variations of this model have been proposed. We show that some natural variations are not order preserving and therefore cause potential problems with the theoretical analysis and the consistence with the intuition. We consider a generic version of Krause's model parameterized by an influence function that encapsulates most of the variations proposed in the literature. We then derive a necessary and sufficient condition on this function for the opinion order to be preserved.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures, 13 eps files
Explicit bounds for the approximation error in Benford's law
Creators: name: Duembgen, Lutz
name: Leuenberger, Christoph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60E15; 60F99

description: Benford's law states that for many random variables X > 0 its leading digit D = D(X) satisfies approximately the equation P(D = d) = log_{10}(1 + 1/d) for d = 1,2,...,9. This phenomenon follows from another, maybe more intuitive fact, applied to Y := log_{10}(X): For many real random variables Y, the remainder U := Y - floor(Y) is approximately uniformly distributed on [0,1). The present paper provides new explicit bounds for the latter approximation in terms of the total variation of the density of Y or some derivative of it. These bounds are an interesting alternative to traditional Fourier methods which yield mostly qualitative results. As a by-product we obtain explicit bounds for the approximation error in Benford's law.
description: 16 pages, one figure