cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
On Closed String Tachyon Dynamics
Creators: name: Freedman, Daniel Z.
name: Headrick, Matthew
name: Lawrence, Albion
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the condensation of closed string tachyons as a time-dependent process. In particular, we study tachyons whose wave functions are either space-filling or localized in a compact space, and whose masses are small in string units; our analysis is otherwise general and does not depend on any specific model. Using world-sheet methods, we calculate the equations of motion for the coupled tachyon-dilaton system, and show that the tachyon follows geodesic motion with respect to the Zamolodchikov metric, subject to a force proportional to its beta function and friction proportional to the time derivative of the dilaton. We study the relationship between world-sheet RG flow and the solutions to our equations, finding a close relationship in the case that the spatial theory is supercritical and the dilaton has a negative time derivative.
description: 27 pages in body, 42 pages total; v2: exposition improved, references added; v3: comment added on localized tachyons, reference added, published version
Mixed-Reality Robotic Games: Design Guidelines for Effective Entertainment with Consumer Robots
Creators: name: Pratticò, F. Gabriele
name: Lamberti, Fabrizio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in the use of robotic technology at home. A number of service robots appeared on the market, supporting customers in the execution of everyday tasks. Roughly at the same time, consumer level robots started to be used also as toys or gaming companions. However, gaming possibilities provided by current off-the-shelf robotic products are generally quite limited, and this fact makes them quickly loose their attractiveness. A way that has been proven capable to boost robotic gaming and related devices consists in creating playful experiences in which physical and digital elements are combined together using Mixed Reality technologies. However, these games differ significantly from digital- or physical only experiences, and new design principles are required to support developers in their creative work. This papers addresses such need, by drafting a set of guidelines which summarize developments carried out by the research community and their findings.
description: This paper is accepted for inclusion in future issue of IEEE Consumer Electronic Magazine. Copyright IEEE 2020
A deformed derivative model for turbulent diffusion of contaminants in the atmosphere
Creators: name: Goulart, A. G.
name: Lazo, M. J.
name: Suarez, J. M. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the present work, we propose an advection-diffusion equation with Hausdorff deformed derivatives to stud the turbulent diffusion of contaminants in the atmosphere. We compare the performance of our model to fit experimental data against models with classical and Caputo fractional derivatives. We found that the Hausdorff equation gives better results than the tradition advection-diffusion equation when fitting experimental data. Most importantly, we show that our model and the Caputo fractional derivative model display a very similar performance for all experiments. This last result indicates that regardless of the kind of non-classical derivative we use, an advection-diffusion equation with non-classical derivative displaying power-law mean square displacement is more adequate to describe the diffusion of contaminants in the atmosphere than a model with classical derivatives. Furthermore, since Hausdorff derivatives can be related to several deformed operators, and since differential equations with the Hausdorff derivatives are easier to solve than equations with Caputo and other non-local fractional derivatives, our result highlights the potential of deformed derivative models to describe the diffusion of contaminants in the atmosphere.
description: accepted in Physica A. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1812.02038
Dust diffusion in protoplanetary discs by magnetorotational turbulence
Creators: name: Johansen, Anders
name: Klahr, Hubert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We measure the turbulent diffusion coefficient of dust grains embedded in magnetorotational turbulence in a protoplanetary disc directly from numerical simulations and compare it to the turbulent viscosity of the flow. The simulations are done in a local coordinate frame comoving with the gas in Keplerian rotation. Periodic boundary conditions are used in all directions, and vertical gravity is not applied to the gas. Using a two-fluid approach, small dust grains of various sizes (with friction times up to $\varOmega_0 τ_{\rm f}=0.02$) are allowed to move under the influence of friction with the turbulent gas. We measure the turbulent diffusion coefficient of the dust grains by applying an external sinusoidal force field acting in the vertical direction on the dust component only. This concentrates the dust around the mid-plane of the disc, and an equilibrium distribution of the dust density is achieved when the vertical settling is counteracted by the turbulent diffusion away from the mid-plane. Comparing with analytical expressions for the equilibrium concentration we deduce the vertical turbulent diffusion coefficient. The vertical diffusion coefficient is found to be lower than the turbulent viscosity and to have an associated vertical diffusion Prandtl number of about 1.5. A similar radial force field also allows us to measure the radial turbulent diffusion coefficient. We find a radial diffusion Prandtl number of about 0.85 and also find that the radial turbulent diffusion coefficient is around 70% higher than the vertical. We also find evidence for trapping of dust grains of intermediate friction time in turbulent eddies.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ. An additional MPEG movie can be downloaded at http://www.mpia.de/homes/johansen/
Dark matters on the scale of galaxies
Creators: name: de Martino, Ivan
name: Chakrabarty, Sankha S.
name: Cesare, Valentina
name: Gallo, Arianna
name: Ostorero, Luisa
name: Diaferio, Antonaldo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The cold dark matter model successfully explains both the emergence and evolution of cosmic structures on large scales and, when we include a cosmological constant, the properties of the homogeneous and isotropic Universe. However, the cold dark matter model faces persistent challenges on the scales of galaxies. {Indeed,} N-body simulations predict some galaxy properties that are at odds with the observations. These discrepancies are primarily related to the dark matter distribution in the innermost regions of the halos of galaxies and to the dynamical properties of dwarf galaxies. They may have three different origins: (1) the baryonic physics affecting galaxy formation is still poorly understood and it is thus not properly included in the model; (2) the actual properties of dark matter differs from those of the conventional cold dark matter; (3) the theory of gravity departs from General Relativity. Solving these discrepancies is a rapidly evolving research field. We illustrate some of the solutions proposed} within the cold dark matter model, and solutions when including warm dark matter, self-interacting dark matter, axion-like particles, or fuzzy dark matter. { We also illustrate some modifications of the theory of gravity: Modified Newtonian Dynamics (MOND), MOdified Gravity (MOG), and $f(R)$ gravity.
description: 70 pages; 27 Figures; Invited Review accepted for publication on Universe. Special Issue "Theories of Gravity: Alternatives to the Cosmological and Particle Standard Models"
Lov, stočarstvo i simbolički značaj životinja na Golokutu: nove analize arheozoološkog materijala
Creators: name: Živaljević, Ivana
name: Dimitrijević, Vesna
name: Radmanović, Darko
name: Stefanović, Sofija
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Golokut-Vizić
rani neolit
životinjski ostaci
lov
stočarstvo
sezonalnost
simbolizam

description: Domestikacija životinja i promene koje su time usledile smatraju se jednim od ključnih ‘neolitskih’ inovacija, zajedno sa pripitomljavanjem biljaka, pojavom grnčarije i artefakata od glačanog kamena, kao i novim oblicima društvene organizacije i ideologije. Ovi procesi, međutim, nisu bili ujednačeni, niti su neizostavno pratili jedni druge. Rad se osvrće na eksploataciju životinja na ranoneolitskom lokalitetu Golokut-Vizić na zapadnim obodima Fruške gore. Faunistički uzorak sa ovog lokaliteta ukazuje da su se njegovi stanovnici, osim uzgajanja domaćeg govečeta, ovce, koze i svinje, bavili i lovom na divlje goveče, jelena, srnu i divlju svinju i sakupljanjem školjki i puževa. I divlje i domaće životinje bile su zastupljene jedinkama različitih uzrasta, što bi ukazivalo da su se lov, tj. klanje domaćih životinja odvijali tokom različitih sezona. Katkada su ostaci životinja bili ‘ritualno’ deponovani, kakav je slučaj sa lobanjom divljeg govečeta pohranjenom u grobu žene u zgrčenom položaju. Pored toga, preliminarna arheozoološka analiza ukazala je i na različit sastav faune u kontekstima jama, što bi se takođe potencijalno moglo dovesti u vezu sa određenim obrascima strukturalnog deponovanja. Osim diskusije o udelu lova i stočarstva u kontekstu ranoneolitskog naselja na Golokutu, različitim sezonama ljudskih aktivnosti i tretmanu životinjskih ostataka, ovo istraživanje otvara mogućnosti za dobijanje podataka o dužini dojenja kod domaćih životinja putem analiza stabilnih izotopa, a time i bolje sagledavanje ljudskog uticaja na životinjsku biologiju u cilju eksploatacije mleka.
Isospin-breaking corrections in the pion-deuteron scattering length
Creators: name: Meißner, Ulf-G.
name: Raha, Udit
name: Rusetsky, Akaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that isospin-breaking corrections to the pion-deuteron scattering length can be very large, because of the vanishing of the isospin-symmetric contribution to this scattering length at leading order in chiral perturbation theory. We further demonstrate that these corrections can explain the bulk of the discrepancy between the recent experimental data on pionic hydrogen and pionic deuterium. We also give the first determination of the electromagnetic low-energy constant f1.
description: 4 pages, 1 postscript figure, uses REVTEX style
A Survey on Ransomware: Evolution, Taxonomy, and Defense Solutions
Creators: name: Oz, Harun
name: Aris, Ahmet
name: Levi, Albert
name: Uluagac, A. Selcuk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In recent years, ransomware has been one of the most notorious malware targeting end users, governments, and business organizations. It has become a very profitable business for cybercriminals with revenues of millions of dollars, and a very serious threat to organizations with financial loss of billions of dollars. Numerous studies were proposed to address the ransomware threat, including surveys that cover certain aspects of ransomware research. However, no study exists in the literature that gives the complete picture on ransomware and ransomware defense research with respect to the diversity of targeted platforms. Since ransomware is already prevalent in PCs/workstations/desktops/laptops, is becoming more prevalent in mobile devices, and has already hit IoT/CPS recently, and will likely grow further in the IoT/CPS domain very soon, understanding ransomware and analyzing defense mechanisms with respect to target platforms is becoming more imperative. In order to fill this gap and motivate further research, in this paper, we present a comprehensive survey on ransomware and ransomware defense research with respect to PCs/workstations, mobile devices, and IoT/CPS platforms. Specifically, covering 137 studies over the period of 1990-2020, we give a detailed overview of ransomware evolution, comprehensively analyze the key building blocks of ransomware, present a taxonomy of notable ransomware families, and provide an extensive overview of ransomware defense research (i.e., analysis, detection, and recovery) with respect to platforms of PCs/workstations, mobile devices, and IoT/CPS. Moreover, we derive an extensive list of open issues for future ransomware research. We believe this survey will motivate further research by giving a complete picture on state-of-the-art ransomware research.
description: Accepted to ACM Computing Surveys
title: Cruise Results: NOAA Ship Henry B. Bigelow, Cruise No. HB 24-06, Summer Northeast Ecosystem Monitoring Survey
Creators: name: Northeast Fisheries Science Center (U.S.)
Publisher: name: NOAA National Marine Fisheries Service Northeast Fisheries Science Center
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/02nc0ck44
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: The principal objective of this survey was to assess the pelagic components of the Northeast U.S. Continental Shelf Ecosystem from water currents to plankton, pelagic fishes, marine mammals, sea turtles, and seabirds.
Generating spin-entangled electron pairs in normal conductors using voltage pulses
Creators: name: Lebedev, A. V.
name: Lesovik, G. B.
name: Blatter, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We suggest an operating scheme for the deliberate generation of spin-entangled electron pairs in a normal-metal mesoscopic structure with fork geometry. Voltage pulses with associated Faraday flux equal to one flux unit $Φ_0=hc/e$ drive individual singlet-pairs of electrons towards the beam splitter. The spin-entangled pair is created through a post-selection in the two branches of the fork. We analyze the appearance of entanglement in a Bell inequality test formulated in terms of the number of transmitted electrons with a given spin polarization.
description: 8 pages, 1 figure
Faunal remains from Kula, a Mesolithic-Neolithic site at the exit of the Danube Gorges (Serbia)
Creators: name: Živaljević, Ivana;
name: Dimitrijević, Vesna
name: Stefanović, Sofija
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Kula
Mesolithic
Mesolithic-Neolithic Transition
Danube Gorges
faunal remains

description: The paper presents the results of the analysis of faunal (mammal, fish and mollusc) remains from Kula, a Mesolithic-Neolithic site at the exit of the Danube Gorges in Serbia. Although the analysed sample represents only an arbitrarily saved portion of the original assemblage and is therefore biased, it offers important new insights into the variability in subsistence strategies, as well as into the use of animal bone, teeth, antler and shell in bodily decoration and artefact production. A small assemblage of mammal and fish remains includes species previously known from other sites within the Danube Gorges, with the dog as the sole domestic animal. Additional food supply of river clams and land snails is suggested on the basis of specific shell breakage patterns. Osseous artefacts and ornaments found in the assemblage are described, including those found in burial contexts.
Cyril of Alexandria, image worship, and the Vita of Rabban Hormizd
Creators: name: Gerö, Stephen
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 62 (1978): Oriens christianus, Band 62
Additional file 1 of Sjogren’s syndrome is associated with higher rate of non-home discharge after primary hip arthroplasty and higher transfusion rates after primary hip or knee arthroplasty: a U.S. cohort study
Creators: name: Singh, Jasvinder A.
name: Cleveland, John D.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 1. Multivariable-adjusted association of Primary versus Secondary Sjogren’s syndrome (SS) with complications and healthcare utilization outcomes after primary THA or primary TKA in the main model.
Additional file 1 of Spatial anxiety mediates the sex difference in adult mental rotation test performance
Creators: name: Alvarez-Vargas, Daniela
name: Abad, Carla
name: Pruden, Shannon M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Fit indices for each exploratory factor analysis model tested.
Improved Measurements of CP-Violating Asymmetry Amplitudes in B0 -> pi+pi- Decays
Creators: name: Aubert, B.
name: Collaboration, BaBar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present updated measurements of the CP-violating parameters S_pipi and C_pipi in B0 -> pi+pi- decays. Using a sample of 227 million Y(4S) -> BBbar decays collected with the BaBar detector at the PEP-II asymmetric-energy e+e- collider at SLAC, we observe 467 +- 33 signal decays and measure S_pipi = -0.30 +- 0.17 (stat) +- 0.03 (syst), and C_pipi = -0.09 +- 0.15 (stat) +- 0.04 (syst).
description: Submitted to Phys. Rev. Lett
A Survey of Machine Learning for Computer Architecture and Systems
Creators: name: Wu, Nan
name: Xie, Yuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Hardware Architecture (cs.AR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: It has been a long time that computer architecture and systems are optimized for efficient execution of machine learning (ML) models. Now, it is time to reconsider the relationship between ML and systems, and let ML transform the way that computer architecture and systems are designed. This embraces a twofold meaning: improvement of designers' productivity, and completion of the virtuous cycle. In this paper, we present a comprehensive review of the work that applies ML for computer architecture and system design. First, we perform a high-level taxonomy by considering the typical role that ML techniques take in architecture/system design, i.e., either for fast predictive modeling or as the design methodology. Then, we summarize the common problems in computer architecture/system design that can be solved by ML techniques, and the typical ML techniques employed to resolve each of them. In addition to emphasis on computer architecture in a narrow sense, we adopt the concept that data centers can be recognized as warehouse-scale computers; sketchy discussions are provided in adjacent computer systems, such as code generation and compiler; we also give attention to how ML techniques can aid and transform design automation. We further provide a future vision of opportunities and potential directions, and envision that applying ML for computer architecture and systems would thrive in the community.
High Density supersolidus liquid phase sintering of steel powders
Creators: name: Young, Erin
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: In this study, supersolidus liquid phase sintering (SLPS) of an industrially relevant Fe-C-Mo alloy powder was investigated with particular attention to the evolution of density and porosity. The material was produced by mixing graphite with a prealloyed Fe-Mo alloy. Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) was employed to determine the solidus and liquidus temperatures of the alloy, and a high temperature experimental furnace was used to provide information on density evolution as a function of time and temperature. Specimens were sintered both in the solid state and in the presence of a supersolidus liquid phase, over a range of temperatures between 1000 and 1300°C, providing both densification data and metallographic specimens. Diffusion calculations and thermodynamic calculations using Thermocalc™ software were performed to complement the experimental data. On heating, several processes occur in the material prior to liquid formation, including delubrication of the material, phase transformation, carbon diffusion, and solid state sintering. It was determined that the carbon diffusion is rapid and the bulk concentration is homogeneous at temperatures well below those of first liquid formation. Following homogenization, some solid state sintering takes place, and while minimal densification occurs, the number of pores decreases markedly from the green state. At temperatures above the solidus where a liquid phase is present, it was found that densification occurs in two regimes. The first regime involves a fast rate of densification due to the capillary forces of the liquid, followed by a second, slower regime of densification that is governed by pore removal processes. The maximum amount of densification possible is determined by the fraction of liquid present, as defined by the sintering temperature. If the temperature is low, insufficient liquid is present and densification is extremely slow. If the temperature is too high, the liquid promotes distortion of the semi-solid sample; in addition, pores subject to sufficient internal gas pressure are capable of expansion in the weakened structure, actually increasing the volume of porosity. Samples were, however, successfully sintered to densities approaching theoretical in a narrow temperature window intermediate between these extremes. Recommendations for the development of robust sintering practices are offered.
Additional file 1 of The knowledge and practice of pediatricians in children’s oral health: a scoping review
Creators: name: Dickson-Swift, Virginia
name: Kenny, Amanda
name: Gussy, Mark
name: McCarthy, Colleen
name: Bracksley-O’Grady, Stacey
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1.
Systematic motions in the Galactic plane found in the Hipparcos Catalogue using Herschel's Method
Creators: name: Abad, Carlos
name: Vieira, Katherine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two motions in the galactic plane have been detected and characterized, based on the determination of a common systematic component in Hipparcos catalogue proper motions. The procedure is based only on positions, proper motions and parallaxes, plus a special algorithm which is able to reveal systematic trends. Our results come from two stellar samples. Sample 1 has 4566 stars and defines a motion of apex (l,b)=(177.8,3.7)+/-(1.5,1.0) and space velocity V=27+/-1 km/s. Sample 2 has 4083 stars and defines a motion of apex (l,b)=(5.4,-0.6)+/-(1.9,1.1) and space velocity V=32+/-2 km/s. Both groups are distributed all over the sky and cover a large variety of spectral types, which means that they do not belong to a specific stellar population. Herschel's method is used to define the initial samples of stars and later to compute the common space velocity. The intermediate process is based on the use of a special algorithm to determine systematic components in the proper motions. As an important contribution, this paper sets out a new way to study the kinematics of the solar neighborhood, in the search for streams, associations, clusters and any other space motion shared by a large number of stars, without being restricted by the availability of radial velocities.
description: 12 pages and 12 eps figures. LaTeX
Nanoscale Defect Formation on InP(111) Surfaces after MeV Sb Implantation
Creators: name: Paramanik, Dipak
name: Pradhan, Asima
name: Varma, Shikha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have studied the surface modifications as well as the surface roughness of the InP(111) surfaces after 1.5 MeV Sb ion implantations. Scanning Probe Microscope (SPM) has been utilized to investigate the ion implanted InP(111) surfaces. We observe the formation of nanoscale defect structures on the InP surface. The density, height and size of the nanostructures have been investigated here as a function of ion fluence. The rms surface roughness, of the ion implanted InP surfaces, demonstrates two varied behaviors as a function of Sb ion fluence. Initially, the roughness increases with increasing fluence. However, after a critical fluence the roughness decreases with increasing fluence. We have further applied the technique of Raman scattering to investigate the implantation induced modifications and disorder in InP. Raman Scattering results demonstrate that at the critical fluence, where the decrease in surface roughness occurs, InP lattice becomes amorphous.
description: 18 pages, 9 figures
FACTORS AFFECTING PARTICIPATION IN THE MILK DIVERSION PROGRAM IN THE U.S. AND NEW YORK
Creators: name: Lee, David R.
name: Boisvert, Richard N.
name: Lee, David R.
name: Boisvert, Richard N.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1985
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Livestock Production/Industries

description: Participation in the 1984-85 Milk Diversion Program (MDP) is examined through the analysis of aggregate state level data for the U.S. and county level data from New York. Linear probability, logit and probit models of participation are estimated. The empirical results are highly similar across models and identify the important determinants of farmer participation in the MDP. Models explaining contracted diversion levels are also estimated but do not have the explanatory power of the participation models. The implications of the results for the analysis of U.S. dairy policy alternatives are discussed.
Dark Matter Constraints on Gaugino/Higgsino Masses in Split Supersymmetry and Their Implications at Colliders
Creators: name: Wang, Fei
name: Wang, Wenyu
name: Yang, Jin Min
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In split supersymmetry, gauginos and Higgsinos are the only supersymmetric particles which are possibly accessible at foreseeable colliders. While the direct experimental searches, such as LEP and Tevatron experiments, gave robust lower bounds on the masses of these particles, the cosmic dark matter can give some upper bounds and thus have important implications for the searches at future colliders. In this work we scrutinize such dark matter constraints and show the allowed mass range for charginos and neutralinos (the mass eigenstates of gauginos and Higgsinos). We find that the lightest chargino must be lighter than about 1 TeV under the popular assumption M_1=M_2/2 and about 2 or 3 TeV in other cases. The corresponding production rates of the lightest chargino at the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC) and the International Linear Colldier (ILC) are also shown. While in some parts of the allowed region the chargino pair production rate can be larger than 1 pb at LHC and 100 fb at the ILC, other parts of the region correspond to very small production rates and thus there is no guarantee to find the charginos of split supersymmetry at future colliders.
description: version in EPJC (refs added)
Neural networks reconstruction of the dense-matter equation of state from neutron-star parameters
Creators: name: Morawski, Filip
name: Bejger, Michał
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aims: The aim of this work is to study the application of the artificial neural networks guided by the autoencoder architecture as a method for precise reconstruction of the neutron star equation of state, using their observable parameters: masses, radii and tidal deformabilities. In addition we study how well the neutron star radius can be reconstructed using the gravitational-wave only observations of tidal deformability, i.e. quantities which are not related in a straightforward way. Methods: Application of artificial neural network in the equation of state reconstruction exploits the non-linear potential of this machine learning model. Since each neuron in the network is basically a non-linear function, it is possible to create a complex mapping between the input sets of observations and the output equation of state table. Within the supervised training paradigm, we construct a few hidden layer deep neural network on a generated data set, consisting of a realistic equation of state for the neutron star crust connected with a piecewise relativistic polytropes dense core, with parameters representative to the state-of-the art realistic equations of state. Results: We demonstrate the performance of our machine learning implementation with respect to the simulated cases with varying number of observations and measurement uncertainties. Furthermore we study the impact of the neutron star mass distributions on the results. Finally, we test the reconstruction of the equation of state trained on parametric polytropic training set using the simulated mass--radius and mass--tidal-deformability sequences based on realistic equations of state. Neural networks trained with a limited data set are able to generalize the mapping between global parameters and equation of state input tables for realistic models.
description: 8, pages, 7 figures, accepted in Astronomy and Astrophysics
TRANSPORT COSTS IMPACTS ON THE FRESH MARKET FOR PEACHES - WITH SPECIAL EMPHASIS ON THE NORTHEAST
Creators: name: Thatch, Daymon W.
name: Slane, Thomas C.
name: Edelberg, Howard
name: Thatch, Daymon W.
name: Slane, Thomas C.
name: Edelberg, Howard
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1985
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: An interregional transportation model was constructed using ordinary least squares and reactive programming to evaluate the short-run economic impact of changing transportation rate on the U.S. interregional equilibrium and, in particular, the Northeast's competitive position for fresh peaches. Using fixed regional supplies, uniquely determined regional per capita consumption and existing transportation rates the reactive programming algorithm obtains solutions to the spatial equilibrium problem including: overall regional quantities supplied and demanded, prices, consumers' outlays, producers' revenues and opportunity, transfer and shipping costs. Transportation rates were varied 20 percent above and below the current rates to examine the short-run economic impact on the prevailing equilibrium. The East Coast was a relatively isolated market and therefore was not significantly affected by changes in transportation rates. The most significant changes in producers' revenues and trade flow patterns occurred in the remaining regions that traded mostly amongst themselves.
Quantum Gravity, Torsion, Parity Violation and all that
Creators: name: Freidel, Laurent
name: Minic, Djordje
name: Takeuchi, Tatsu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the issue of parity violation in quantum gravity. In particular, we study the coupling of fermionic degrees of freedom in the presence of torsion and the physical meaning of the Immirzi parameter from the viewpoint of effective field theory. We derive the low-energy effective lagrangian which turns out to involve two parameters, one measuring the non-minimal coupling of fermions in the presence of torsion, the other being the Immirzi parameter. In the case of non-minimal coupling the effective lagrangian contains an axial-vector interaction leading to parity violation. Alternatively, in the case of minimal coupling there is no parity violation and the effective lagrangian contains only the usual axial-axial interaction. In this situation the real values of the Immirzi parameter are not at all constrained. On the other hand, purely imaginary values of the Immirzi parameter lead to violations of unitarity for the case of non-minimal coupling. Finally, the effective lagrangian blows up for the positive and negative unit imaginary values of the Immirzi parameter.
description: 11 pages, LaTeX; (two footnotes, acknowledgements and references added, typos corrected)
Dissymmetrical tunnelling in heavy fermion metals
Creators: name: Shaginyan, V. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A tunnelling conductivity between a heavy fermion metal and a simple metallic point is considered. We show that at low temperatures this conductivity can be noticeably dissymmetrical with respect to the change of voltage bias. The dissymmetry can be observed in experiments on the heavy fermion metals whose electronic system has undergone the fermion condensation quantum phase transition.
description: 7 pages, Revtex
Origin of monoclinic distortion and its impact on the electronic properties in KO$_2$
Creators: name: Sikora, Olga
name: Gotfryd, Dorota
name: Ptok, Andrzej
name: Sternik, Małgorzata
name: Wohlfeld, Krzysztof
name: Oleś, Andrzej M.
name: Piekarz, Przemysław
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the density functional theory and lattice dynamics calculations to investigate the properties of potassium superoxide KO$_2$ in which spin, orbital, and lattice degrees of freedom are interrelated and determine the low-temperature phase. After calculating phonon dispersion relations in the high-temperature tetragonal $I4/mmm$ structure, we identify a soft phonon mode leading to the monoclinic $C2/c$ symmetry and optimize the crystal geometry resulting from this mode. Thus we reveal a displacive character of the structural transition with the group-subgroup relation between the tetragonal and monoclinic phases. We compare the electronic structure of KO$_2$ with antiferromagnetic spin order in the tetragonal and monoclinic phases. We emphasize that realistic treatment of the electronic structure requires including the local Coulomb interaction $U$ in the valence orbitals of the O$^-_2$ ions. The presence of the `Hubbard' $U$ leads to the gap opening at the Fermi energy in the tetragonal structure without orbital order but with weak spin-orbit interaction. We remark that the gap opening in the tetragonal phase could also be obtained when the orbital order is initiated in the calculations with a realistic value of $U$. Finally, we show that the local Coulomb interactions and the finite lattice distortion, which together lead to the orbital order via the Jahn-Teller effect, are responsible for the enhanced insulating gap in the monoclinic structure.
description: accepted by Physical Review B
Distribution-Free Robust Linear Regression
Creators: name: Mourtada, Jaouad
name: Vaškevičius, Tomas
name: Zhivotovskiy, Nikita
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We study random design linear regression with no assumptions on the distribution of the covariates and with a heavy-tailed response variable. In this distribution-free regression setting, we show that boundedness of the conditional second moment of the response given the covariates is a necessary and sufficient condition for achieving nontrivial guarantees. As a starting point, we prove an optimal version of the classical in-expectation bound for the truncated least squares estimator due to Györfi, Kohler, Krzyżak, and Walk. However, we show that this procedure fails with constant probability for some distributions despite its optimal in-expectation performance. Then, combining the ideas of truncated least squares, median-of-means procedures, and aggregation theory, we construct a non-linear estimator achieving excess risk of order $d/n$ with an optimal sub-exponential tail. While existing approaches to linear regression for heavy-tailed distributions focus on proper estimators that return linear functions, we highlight that the improperness of our procedure is necessary for attaining nontrivial guarantees in the distribution-free setting.
description: 29 pages, to appear in Mathematical Statistics and Learning
The Confrontation between General Relativity and Experiment
Creators: name: Will, Clifford M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The status of experimental tests of general relativity and of theoretical frameworks for analysing them is reviewed. Einstein's equivalence principle (EEP) is well supported by experiments such as the Eotvos experiment, tests of special relativity, and the gravitational redshift experiment. Future tests of EEP and of the inverse square law are searching for new interactions arising from unification or quantum gravity. Tests of general relativity at the post-Newtonian level have reached high precision, including the light deflection, the Shapiro time delay, the perihelion advance of Mercury, and the Nordtvedt effect in lunar motion. Gravitational-wave damping has been detected in an amount that agrees with general relativity to better than half a percent using the Hulse-Taylor binary pulsar, and other binary pulsar systems have yielded other tests, especially of strong-field effects. When direct observation of gravitational radiation from astrophysical sources begins, new tests of general relativity will be possible.
description: 89 pages, 8 figures; an update of the Living Review article originally published in 2001; final published version incorporating referees' suggestions
Oden Salomos 17, 22, 24, 42
Creators: name: Vogl, August
name: McNeil, Brian
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 62 (1978): Oriens christianus, Band 62
ESTIMATING THE BENEFITS OF REGIONALIZING EMERGENCY MEDICAL SERVICE PROVISION
Creators: name: Wilson, James M.
name: Dudek, Daniel J.
name: Wilson, James M.
name: Dudek, Daniel J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1985
Subjects: Health Economics and Policy
Public Economics

description: Local area governments have experienced increasingly stringent budget constraints in recent years. Innovations in service delivery provide one avenue for increasing the effectiveness of resource allocations. This paper explores the potential savings available from regionalizing emergency medical service provision. A mixed integer programming model incorporating peak demand considerations is used to minimize service cost given a desired maximum response time. Changes in the weighted average response time measure the quality degradation required to attain the savings from cooperative provision. The results indicate that the benefits are substantial but that distribution of these gains is a possible barrier to implementation.
Observability of a projected new state of matter: a metallic superfluid
Creators: name: Babaev, Egor
name: Sudbo, Asle
name: Ashcroft, N. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dissipationless quantum states, such as superconductivity and superfluidity, have attracted interest for almost a century. A variety of systems exhibit these macroscopic quantum phenomena, ranging from superconducting electrons in metals to superfluid liquids, atomic vapours, and even large nuclei. It was recently suggested that liquid metallic hydrogen could form two new unusual dissipationless quantum states, namely the metallic superfluid and the superconducting superfluid. Liquid metallic hydrogen is projected to occur only at an extremely high pressure of about 400 GPa, while pressures on hydrogen of 320 GPa having already been reported. The issue to be adressed is if this state could be experimentally observable in principle. We propose four experimental probes for detecting it.
description: in print in Phys. Rev. Lett
PRICE DEPENDENCE AND FUTURES PRICE THEORY
Creators: name: Blank, Steven C.
name: Blank, Steven C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1985
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis

description: A new interpretation of commodity futures price theory is evaluated because, currently, many products exhibit price behavior which cannot be explained with existing theory. A method for classifying products according to the particular price theory relevant to them is provided. The classification method uses the futures price dependence enforced by arbitrage opportunities in spot market as its base. The futures markets for beef cattle and corn are used as examples.
Mathematical modeling of microporosity in A356 aluminum alloy
Creators: name: Vo, Phuong
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Die cast aluminum wheels are one of the most difficult automotive castings to produce because of stringent cast surface and internal quality requirements. As part of a collaborative research agreement between researchers at the University of British Columbia and Canadian Autoparts Toyota Inc., work has been underway to predict heat transport and porosity formation in die cast A356 wheels. Preliminary work has focused on assessing a number of criteria functions previously proposed in the literature. Model results in the form of temperature and criteria function predictions are compared with experimentally measured temperature and porosity data obtained from a directionally chilled A356 aluminum alloy solidified under conditions resembling those found in an industrial die-casting operation. The results suggest that the Niyama function is best suited to qualitatively predict porosity of the four criteria functions examined. However, all criteria functions, including the Niyama, do not appear to be well suited to predict the amount of porosity quantitatively as they fail to include the effect of varying hydrogen and inclusion content. A 2-D axisymmetric mathematical model incorporating flow through the interdendritic network and the thermodynamics of hydrogen solubility has been developed. This model has been successfully applied to the prediction of the amount of porosity in a series of test castings with varying hydrogen content.
Challenges in Signal Analysis of Resonant-Mass Gravitational Wave Detectors
Creators: name: Magalhaes, Nadja S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An overview of the main points related to data analysis in resonant-mass gravitational wave detectors will be presented. Recent developments on the data analysis system for the Brazilian detector SCHENBERG will be emphasized.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, presented at the international conference "100 Years of Relativity" (Sao Paulo, Brazil, 22-24 August 2005), to appear in Brazilian Journal of Physics (Dec. 2005)
Kibble-Zurek mechanism in the Ising Field Theory
Creators: name: Hódsági, Kristóf
name: Kormos, Márton
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Kibble-Zurek mechanism captures universality when a system is driven through a continuous phase transition. Here we study the dynamical aspect of quantum phase transitions in the Ising Field Theory where the critical point can be crossed in different directions in the two-dimensional coupling space leading to different scaling laws. Using the Truncated Conformal Space Approach, we investigate the microscopic details of the Kibble-Zurek mechanism in a genuinely interacting field theory. We demonstrate dynamical scaling in the non-adiabatic time window and provide analytic and numerical evidence for specific scaling properties of various quantities, including higher cumulants of the excess heat.
description: 29+18 pages, 13+3 figures
INTERREGIONAL COMPETITIVE IMPACT OF URBAN INFLUENCED FARMLAND PRICES
Creators: name: Foster, John H.
name: Foster, John H.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1985
Subjects: Land Economics/Use

description: The paper's hypothesis is that the farmers using land with urban influenced prices are at a competitive disadvantage because their land input cost exceeds its calitialized earning power while land prices for other farmers are based on earning ability. This hypothesis was investigated by comparing rates of return to land in Massachusetts and two non-urban dairy regions in Wisconsin. Both areas have low rates of return compared to contemporary market interest rates with Massachusetts rates somewhat below those in Wisconsin. When additional factors are considered, the hypothesis is weakly supported, at best.
Spin waves in paramagnetic BCC iron: spin dynamics simulations
Creators: name: Tao, Xiuping
name: Landau, D. P.
name: Schulthess, T. C.
name: Stocks, G. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Large scale computer simulations are used to elucidate a longstanding controversy regarding the existence, or otherwise, of spin waves in paramagnetic BCC iron. Spin dynamics simulations of the dynamic structure factor of a Heisenberg model of Fe with first principles interactions reveal that well defined peaks persist far above Curie temperature T_c. At large wave vectors these peaks can be ascribed to propagating spin waves, at small wave vectors the peaks correspond to over-damped spin waves. Paradoxically, spin wave excitations exist despite only limited magnetic short-range order at and above T_c.
description: Submitted to PRL
Additional file 1 of Accuracy of random-forest-based imputation of missing data in the presence of non-normality, non-linearity, and interaction
Creators: name: Shangzhi Hong
name: Lynn, Henry S.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Additional file 1: Appendix S1. Distributions and functions used for simulation studies. Appendix S2. Additional results for MAR data. Appendix S3. Results for MCAR data.