cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A Single-pass Cr:ZnSe Amplifier for Broadband Infared Undulator Radiation
Creators: name: Andorf, M. B.
name: Lebedev, V. A.
name: Piot, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An amplifier based on a highly-doped Chromium Zinc-Selenide (Cr:ZnSe) crystal is proposed to increase the pulse energy emitted by an electron bunch after it passes through an undulator magnet. The primary motivation is a possible use of the amplified undulator radiation emitted by a beam circulating in a particle accelerator storage ring to increase the particle beam's phase-space density---a technique dubbed Optical Stochastic Cooling (OSC). This paper uses a simple four energy level model to estimate the single-pass gain of Cr:ZnSe and presents numerical calculations combined with wave-optics simulations of undulator radiation to estimate the expected properties of the amplified undulator wave-packet.
Einstein-Cartan, Bianchi I and the Hubble Diagram
Creators: name: ZouZou, Sami R.
name: Tilquin, Andre
name: Schucker, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We try to solve the dark matter problem in the fit between theory and the Hubble diagram of supernovae by allowing for torsion via Einstein-Cartan's gravity and for anisotropy via the axial Bianchi I metric. Otherwise we are conservative and admit only the cosmological constant and dust. The failure of our model is quantified by the relative amount of dust in our best fit: Omega_{m0}= 27 % +/- 5 % at 1 sigma level.
description: 11 pages, 1 figure
Brewery spent Grain as partial Replacement of cement in C-25 concrete production
Creators: name: Anteneh Wondwosen
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2021
Subjects: Brewery Spent Grain; Pollution; Environment; Pozzolana; Fossil Fuel

description: Cement is a highly pollutant material starting from production of its ingredient materials until its
 disposal stage. Cement production emits high amount of CO2 during conversion of CaCO3 to
 CaO and the decomposition of fossil fuel to meet the industry high energy demand. Brewery
 spent Grain (BSG) is abundant by product of brewery industry. It comprises 85% of the total
 brewing process by-products. BSG is disposed from factories to livestock farmers for animal
 feeding. Considering the growing supply of BSG, need for alternative disposal methods, and its
 short storage life alternative uses shall be considered. BSG is a pozzolanic material, with high
 reactivity in ash form. but, considering the energy demand and economic feasibility this study is
 done on Straw form by free convection drying of BSG. Partial replacement of cement by BSG in
 5%, 10% and 15% is done in a concrete mix prepared for C-25 concrete. The test result shows
 10.7% decrease in compressive strength, 2.6% increase for tensile strength and 11% decrease in
 workability of concrete for 5% partial replacement of cement by BSG. Even though the test
 result shows a decrease in compressive strength by 10.7%, the result satisfies the requirement of
 C25 concrete. The total test result shows optimum replacement of cement by BSG is 5%. The
 smaller amount of reactive pozzolana content, the fibrous nature, and high absorption capacity of
 BSG leads to the decrease in compressive strength, increase in tensile strength and decrease in
 workability of the test result respectively.
Piecewise acceleration of electrons across a periodic solid-state structure irradiated by intense laser pulse
Creators: name: Serebryakov, D. A.
name: Kostyukov, I. Yu.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Three-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations show that the periodic solid-state structures irradiated by intense ($\sim 10^{19}$ W/cm${}^2$) laser pulses can generate collimated electron bunches with energies up to 30 MeV (and acceleration gradient of $11.5$ GeV/cm), if the microstructure period is equal to the laser wavelength. A one-dimensional model of piecewise acceleration in the microstructure is proposed and it is in a good agreement with the results of numerical simulations. It shows that the acceleration process for relativistic electrons can be theoretically infinite. In the simulations, the optimal target parameters (the width of the microstructure elements and the microstructure period) are determined. The explored parameters can be used for proof-of-principle experiments demonstrating an ultrahigh gradient acceleration by a number of identical and mutually coherent laser pulses [A. Pukhov et al., Eur. Phys. J. Spec. Top. 223, 1197 (2014)].
Blending of waste marble chips with river sand on mechanical properties of concrete
Creators: name: Yohannes Nigussie
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2021
Subjects: Fine aggregate, Waste marble chips, Concrete, Compressive strength, flexural strength, Split tensile strength

description: Concrete is one of the most commonly used construction materials that can be manufactured
 using locally available materials. One of those materials demanded in large quantity obtained
 from river bed as fine aggregate. Now a day high dependency on this natural resource has led
 to scarcity, having strong increment in cost and causing several environmental issues. To
 resolve the upcoming construction difficulties, it becomes almost obligatory to find an
 alternative material. Waste marble is one of the alternative materials generated in
 considerable amount from marble factories as byproduct.
 The aim of the study was to investigate fresh and hardened properties of concrete with
 different replacement level of marble chips as a fine aggregate for C-25 concrete.
 The research was carried out by conducting physical property tests for concrete making
 material like coarse aggregate, fine aggregate and waste marble chips. Concrete mix design
 was prepared using ACI mix design procedure and weight-based replacement of fine
 aggregate by marble chips at 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25% and 30%. Generally, 98 samples of
 concrete were casted with 7 different mixes including the control sample.
 For each mixes of concrete slump test were conducted. The result shows, the slump value
 decrease as the percent of replacement increase which implies that the percent of replacement
 and workability are inversely related. The properties of hardened concrete were also studied
 by conducting compressive strength, flexural strength and splitting tensile strength tests. All
 tests were carried out at 7th and 28th days. From the result the compressive and split strength
 shows increment at 15%, 20%, and 25% of replacement where as the flexural strength
 increase at all replacement level when compared to control sample.
 Generally, the replacement of marble chips can increase the compressive strength up to
 10.46%, the flexural strength up to 14.97% and the split tensile strength up to 14.55% as
 compared to the control sample.
Nanostructured optical waveguide with a highly confined mode
Creators: name: Chubchev, E. D.
name: Nechepurenko, I. A.
name: Dorofeenko, A. V.
name: Vinogradov, A. P.
name: Lisyansky, Alexander A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a transmission line working at telecom wavelengths with cross section as small as $λ^2/39$, which is 1.6 times smaller than that of optimized silicon waveguide. The proposed line can be implemented as a subwavelength fiber with plasmonic cladding. This considerable decrease in the line cross section is achieved by utilizing a plasmonic quasi-antisymmetric mode. The required plasmonic cladding is rather thin, therefore, losses are moderate and could be compensated by using amplifying core materials. Such a transmission line can find applications in densely integrated optical systems.
Universality in boundary domain growth by sudden bridging
Creators: name: Saberi, A. A.
name: Rahbari, S. H. Ebrahimnazhad
name: Dashti-Naserabadi, H.
name: Abbasi, A.
name: Cho, Y. S.
name: Nagler, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on universality in boundary domain growth in cluster aggregation in the limit of maximum concentration. Maximal concentration means that the diffusivity of the clusters is effectively zero and, instead, clusters merge successively in a percolation process, which leads to a sudden growth of the boundary domains. For two-dimensional square lattices of linear dimension L, independent of the models studied here, we find that the maximum of the boundary interface width, the susceptibility $χ$, exhibits the scaling $χ\sim L^γ$ with the universal exponent $γ= 1$. The rapid growth of the boundary domain at the percolation threshold, which is guaranteed to occur for almost {\em any} cluster percolation process, underlies the universal scaling of $χ$.
description: 9 pages, 13 figures, to appear in Nature Scientific Reports
Beneficiation via floatation & Physiochemical Characterization of coal Deposits in achibo sombo Area, south western Ethiopian
Creators: name: Temam Usman
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2021
Subjects: Achibo-Sombo, Beneficiation, Coal, Froth floatation and Physiochemical characterization

description: Coal is one of the sedimentary organic rocks that distributed more on Northern, South-western
 and central plateau part of Ethiopia which is characterized by poor quality due to the high ash,
 low fixed carbon and low calorific value which needs more treatment before utilization. Mainly
 the study is conducted to upgrade the quality of Achibo-Sombo coal by minimizing the
 impurities of the coal particles using froth floatation techniques to adsorb the coal particles on
 diesel oil as collector and n-octanol as frother reagent. The experimental optimization of working
 conditions, floatation test, proximate, ultimate and calorific value were carried out through
 different methods. The ash and volatile matter were analyzed by ash dry methods; the moisture
 content was determined by oven dry methods. The ultimate carbon and hydrogen are done by
 using CHNS/O analyzer, nitrogen and sulfurs were determined with Kjeldahl digestion and
 Eschka mixture respectively. The resulting moisture content of a raw sample was in ranges of
 11.81 to 20.27% and for treated coal sample was in the ranges of 8.12 to 14.02 %. The volatile
 matter ranges from 22.74 to 34.85 % for raw coal and 21.92 to 30.64 % for treated coal samples.
 The ash content of the raw coal sample ranges between 22.47 to 36.58 % and 7.49 to 13.62 %
 after treatment of the coal. The proximate fixed carbon is also ranged from 23.85 to 38.31% of
 raw data and 44.47 to 55.87 % for floated coal samples. The calorific value of a raw sample is
 found in the ranges of 5838.46 Btu/lb. to 9531.29 Btu/lb. and for treated coal samples it is found
 in the ranges of 9438.12 Btu/lb. to 11756.63 Btu/lb. Generally the Achibo-Sombo raw coal is
 categorized under the coal grade of lignite B to sub-bituminous B and after the treatments, the
 grades of the coal is increased from sub-bituminous C to high volatile bituminous B coal types.
 The sulfur and the nitrogen contents of the raw coal sample are ranged from 0.57 to 1.9 % and
 1.22 to 1.44 %, and after treatment the contents ranged from 0.25 to 0.41% and 0.52 to 0.92%
 respectively. Accordingly, the result obtained indicated that the Achibo coal streams are
 upgraded with relatively better calorific value and fixed carbon with low ash contents as
 compared with other sites
Superconducting Field Theory
Creators: name: Perez Felipe, Sergio
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 490205
subject: Mathematical aspects of quantum and conformal field theory, quantum gravity and string theory

description: Gravitational force explanation, based on nuclear force with no extra dimensions.PART ONE - Quantum Gravity (mandatory)It erases gravity as one of the fundamental forces of nature and unifies it with the strong nuclear force.PART TWO - Theory of Everything (hypothetical)Unifies the strong force and the quantum vacuum to create all the fields.It uses the vacuum as a supersymmetric and metastable net which stabilizes all motions, even limits the speed of light.
Stochastic phase-field modeling of brittle fracture: computing multiple crack patterns and their probabilities
Creators: name: Gerasimov, Tymofiy
name: Römer, Ulrich
name: Vondřejc, Jaroslav
name: Matthies, Hermann G.
name: De Lorenzis, Laura
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In variational phase-field modeling of brittle fracture, the functional to be minimized is not convex, so that the necessary stationarity conditions of the functional may admit multiple solutions. The solution obtained in an actual computation is typically one out of several local minimizers. Evidence of multiple solutions induced by small perturbations of numerical or physical parameters was occasionally recorded but not explicitly investigated in the literature. In this work, we focus on this issue and advocate a paradigm shift, away from the search for one particular solution towards the simultaneous description of all possible solutions (local minimizers), along with the probabilities of their occurrence. Inspired by recent approaches advocating measure-valued solutions (Young measures as well as their generalization to statistical solutions) and their numerical approximations in fluid mechanics, we propose the stochastic relaxation of the variational brittle fracture problem through random perturbations of the functional. We introduce the concept of stochastic solution, with the main advantage that point-to-point correlations of the crack phase fields in the underlying domain can be captured. These stochastic solutions are represented by random fields or random variables with values in the classical deterministic solution spaces. In the numerical experiments, we use a simple Monte Carlo approach to compute approximations to such stochastic solutions. The final result of the computation is not a single crack pattern, but rather several possible crack patterns and their probabilities. The stochastic solution framework using evolving random fields allows additionally the interesting possibility of conditioning the probabilities of further crack paths on intermediate crack patterns.
Global gyrokinetic simulations of ITG turbulence in the configuration space of the Wendelstein 7-X stellarator
Creators: name: Navarro, A. Bañón
name: Merlo, G.
name: Plunk, G. G.
name: Xanthopoulos, P.
name: von Stechow, A.
name: Di Siena, A.
name: Maurer, M.
name: Hindenlang, F.
name: Wilms, F.
name: Jenko, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effect of turbulent transport in different magnetic configurations of the Weldenstein 7-X stellarator. In particular, we performed direct numerical simulations with the global gyrokinetic code GENE-3D, modeling the behavior of Ion Temperature Gradient turbulence in the Standard, High-Mirror, and Low-Mirror configurations of W7-X. We found that the Low-Mirror configuration produces more transport than both the High-Mirror and the Standard configurations. By comparison with radially local simulations, we have demonstrated the importance of performing global nonlinear simulations to predict the turbulent fluxes quantitatively.
Behavior of Reinforced concrete Columns with Diagonal Binding Bars
Creators: name: Yodahe  Zewude
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2021
Subjects: Reinforced concrete column, confinement, axial compression loads, Compressive strength, diagonal binding bars.

description: Confinement is essential characteristic of a reinforced concrete (RC) column for effective
 resistance against axial and cyclic lateral loading. However, effectiveness of confinement
 varied with shape of a column and circular column shapes exhibited better confinement as
 compared to square and rectangular columns.
 The present study investigates use of diagonal binding bars to enhance confinement effect
 in square reinforced concrete column. Experimental program with a total of 15 square
 reinforced concrete columns having five different transverse reinforcement volumetric
 ratios were designed and tested under axial loading. Also, validation analysis was
 performed using ANSYS nonlinear software program and Euro-code provisions.
 Results showed transverse reinforcement ratio and concrete grades has effect on degree of
 confinement and thus ultimate failure capacity of a RC column. As compared to control,
 RC column specimens vertical diagonal tie, double horizontal diagonal cross tie, single
 horizontal diagonal tie and overlapping tie (VDT, DHDCT, SHDT and OT(DST))
 exhibited 0.79%, 2.73%, 0.958%, 11.05% increase of ultimate load capacity, respectively
 whereas equivalent plastic strain decrements were 41.52%, 42.06%, 41.54% and 42.71%.
 Overall, presence of diagonal binding bars improved degree of confinement in a RC
 column.
Majorization preservation of Gaussian bosonic channels
Creators: name: Jabbour, Michael G.
name: García-Patrón, Raúl
name: Cerf, Nicolas J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that phase-insensitive Gaussian bosonic channels are majorization-preserving over the set of passive states of the harmonic oscillator. This means that comparable passive states under majorization are transformed into equally comparable passive states. The proof relies on a new preorder relation called Fock-majorization, which coincides with regular majorization for passive states but also induces a mean photon number order, thereby connecting the concepts of energy and disorder of a quantum state. As an application, the consequences of majorization preservation are investigated in the context of the broadcast communication capacity of bosonic Gaussian channels. Most of our results being independent of the bosonic nature of the system under investigation, they could be generalized to other quantum systems and Hamiltonians, providing a general tool that could prove useful in quantum information theory and quantum thermodynamics.
description: 6 pages
Superconducting Field Theory
Creators: name: Perez Felipe, Sergio
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 490205
subject: Mathematical aspects of quantum and conformal field theory, quantum gravity and string theory
classificationCode: 510104
subject: Galactic astronomy
classificationCode: 510105
subject: General relativity and gravitational waves
classificationCode: 510106
subject: High energy astrophysics and galactic cosmic rays
classificationCode: 510103
subject: Cosmology and extragalactic astronomy

description: Gravitational force explanation, based on nuclear force with no extra dimensions.PART ONE - Quantum Gravity (mandatory)It erases gravity as one of the fundamental forces of nature and unifies it with the strong nuclear force.PART TWO - Theory of Everything (hypothetical)It uses the vacuum as a supersymmetric and metastable net which stabilizes all motions, even limits the speed of light.Unifies the strong force and the quantum vacuum to create all the fields.
Effects of finite size and symmetry energy on the phase transition of stellar matter at subnuclear densities
Creators: name: Bao, S. S.
name: Shen, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the liquid-gas phase transition of stellar matter with the inclusion of the finite-size effect from surface and Coulomb energies. The equilibrium conditions for two coexisting phases are determined by minimizing the total free energy including the surface and Coulomb contributions, which are different from the Gibbs conditions used in the bulk calculations. The finite-size effect can significantly reduce the region of the liquid-gas mixed phase. The influence of the symmetry energy on the liquid-gas phase transition is investigated with the inclusion of finite-size effects. It is found that the slope of the symmetry energy plays an important role in determining the boundary and properties of the mixed phase.
description: 29 pages, 11 figues
Rhopalopria vulgaris Kieffer 1912
Creators: name: Notton, David G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Diapriidae
Rhopalopria
Rhopalopria vulgaris

description: Rhopalopria vulgaris Kieffer, 1912a: 71, pl. 3, fig. 12.
Valid name
Trichopria vulgaris (Kieffer, 1912).
Summary of types
Lectotype ♀, BMNH number 9.689, designated by Huggert (1979). Paralectotypes ♀, 3 ♂♂.
Primary type data
99/ Mahe, ’08-9./ Seychelles Exp.; Paratype; Rhopalopria / vulgaris/ J.J.Kieffer/ paratype; Seychelle Islands./ Percy Sladen Trust/ Expedition./ 1913-170; Lectotypus / Rhopalopria / vulgaris/ Kieff./ design. ♀ / L.Huggert-77; Trichopria ♀ / vulgaris Kieff. / det. L.Huggert-77.
Type locality
Seychelles, Mahé.
Remarks
Five syntypes were found. The holotype and paratype labels are erroneous as Kieffer did not designate a holotype. The syntype series was analysed by Huggert (1979) who designated a lectotype. The lectotype is mounted on a cork block and has the left antenna and left fore wing mounted on a microslide and the left hind wing missing. Huggert considered one paralectotype male of R. vulgaris to be a different species and designated it the holotype of Trichopria euvulgaris Huggert q.v.
description: Published as part of Notton, David G., 2014, A catalogue of the types of Diapriinae (Hymenoptera, Diapriidae) at the Natural History Museum, London, pp. 1-123 in European Journal of Taxonomy 75 on page 77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2014.75, http://zenodo.org/record/3862773
InSb semiconductor-metal hybrid structure (SMH) as a magnetic sensor prepared by flash evaporation
Creators: name: Mansour, Abdelfattah
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Electronic and magnetic properties of condensed matter; superconductivity
Structural properties of condensed matter

description: n-type indium antimonide-Au van der Pauw (vdP) shape hybrid macro-structure were successfully fabricated on glass substrates by flash evaporation technique. The elemental composition of the prepared films was confirmed by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy microanalysis (EDX). The morphologies and crystal structures of the films were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) respectively. The magnetoresistance of the prepared hybrid structure was measured at room temperature and 100mA current and a variable magnetic field (0-8kG). The effect of sensor geometry on magnetoresistance was studied.
Overcoming information reduced data and experimentally uncertain parameters in ptychography with regularized optimization
Creators: name: Schloz, Marcel
name: Pekin, Thomas C.
name: Chen, Zhen
name: Broek, Wouter Van den
name: Muller, David A.
name: Koch, Christoph T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: The overdetermination of the mathematical problem underlying ptychography is reduced by a host of experimentally more desirable settings. Furthermore, reconstruction of the sample-induced phase shift is typically limited by uncertainty in the experimental parameters and finite sample thicknesses. Presented is a conjugate gradient descent algorithm, regularized optimization for ptychography (ROP), that recovers the partially known experimental parameters along with the phase shift, improves resolution by incorporating the multislice formalism to treat finite sample thicknesses, and includes regularization in the optimization process, thus achieving reliable results from noisy data with severely reduced and underdetermined information.
description: 18 pages, 7 figures, 3 tables
Behavior of Plastic Embedded Reinforced Concert BEAM
Creators: name: Lensi Worku
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2022
Subjects: Plastic embedded RC beam, Neutral axis, Ductility, Floor Stiffness, Finite element analysis

description: Plastic embedded Reinforced Concrete beam construction is a way of effectively
 removing concrete from middle section of a RC beam. which is not carrying out a
 structural function, thereby reducing structural dead weight. Plastic embedded beam
 construction has advantages such as reducing self-weight, Cost efficiencies and fast
 Construction. However, floor stiffness of voided RC beam is less than its solid
 counterpart and there is gap in literature about structural behaviors of plastic
 embedded RC beams.
 This research work presents experimental and numerical investigations of plastic
 embedded RC beam. Eight solid and voided RC beam specimens of size
 800mmx200mmx300mm were casted and tested until failure under one-point load.
 Also, leveraging advantages of FEA, effect of influential variables such as Plastic
 bottles locations, loading type, concrete compressive strength, and effect of top
 reinforcement were thoroughly studied.
 Experimental test results indicated as compared to control solid RC beam, plastic
 bottles in N.A and below the N.A voided RC beam exhibited 9.02%, 14.25%, 19.05
 % and 4.0 % loss in strength, cracking load, stiffness and ductility respectively
 whereas for plastic bottles located both in N.A and below the N.Avoided RC beam
 respective values were 24.85 %, 24.90 %, 31.82% and 8.0 %. Also, as void plastic
 bottles located in N.A or below the N.A and located both in N.A and below the N.A,
 voided beam failure mode changed from flexural to shear. Finally, FEA, ACI 318M-
 19 and EC2 codes showed good agreement with experimental results
Polyelectrolyte assisted charge titration spectrometry: applications to latex and oxide nanoparticles
Creators: name: Mousseau, F.
name: Vitorazi, L.
name: Herrmann, L.
name: Mornet, S.
name: Berret, J. -F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The electrostatic charge density of particles is of paramount importance for the control of the dispersion stability. Conventional methods use potentiometric, conductometric or turbidity titration but require large amount of samples. Here we report a simple and cost-effective method called polyelectrolyte assisted charge titration spectrometry or PACTS. The technique takes advantage of the propensity of oppositely charged polymers and particles to assemble upon mixing, leading to aggregation or phase separation. The mixed dispersions exhibit a maximum in light scattering as a function of the volumetric ratio X, and the peak position XMax is linked to the particle charge density according to σ ~ D0 XMax where D0 is the particle diameter. The PACTS is successfully applied to organic latex, aluminum and silicon oxide particles of positive or negative charge using poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) and poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate). The protocol is also optimized with respect to important parameters such as pH and concentration, and to the polyelectrolyte molecular weight. The advantages of the PACTS technique are that it requires minute amounts of sample and that it is suitable to a broad variety of charged nano-objects.
description: 15 pages 6 figures, Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 2016 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0021979716302569
Coupled spin states in armchair graphene nanoribbons with asymmetric zigzag edge extensions
Creators: name: Sun, Qiang
name: Yao, Xuelin
name: Groning, Oliver
name: Eimre, Kristjan
name: Pignedoli, Carlo A.
name: Müllen, Klaus
name: Narita, Akimitsu
name: Fasel, Roman
name: Ruffieux, Pascal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Carbon-based magnetic structures promise significantly longer coherence times than traditional magnetic materials, which is of fundamental importance for spintronic applications. An elegant way of achieving carbon-based magnetic moments is the design of graphene nanostructures with an imbalanced occupation of the two sublattices forming the carbon honeycomb lattice. According to Lieb's theorem, this induces local magnetic moments that are proportional to the sublattice imbalance. Exact positioning of sublattice imbalanced nanostructures in graphene nanomaterials hence offers a route to control interactions between induced local magnetic moments and to obtain graphene nanomaterials with magnetically non-trivial ground states. Here, we show that such sublattice imbalanced nanostructures can be incorporated along a large band gap armchair graphene nanoribbon on the basis of asymmetric zigzag edge extensions, which is achieved by incorporating specifically designed precursor monomers during the bottom-up fabrication of the graphene nanoribbons. Scanning tunneling spectroscopy of an isolated and electronically decoupled zigzag edge extension reveals Hubbard-split states in accordance with theoretical predictions. Investigation of pairs of such zigzag edge extensions reveals ferromagnetic, antiferromagnetic or quenching of the magnetic interactions depending on the relative alignment of the asymmetric edge extensions. Moreover, a ferromagnetic spin chain is demonstrated for a periodic pattern of zigzag edge extensions along the nanoribbon axis. This work opens a route towards the design and fabrication of graphene nanoribbon-based spin chains with complex magnetic ground states.
Chemical Physics of Controlled Wettability and Super Surfaces
Creators: name: Brito, Carolina
name: Butt, Hans-Jürgen
name: Giacomello, Alberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Wetting phenomena are widespread in both natural and technological contexts. Despite the well-established nature of this scientific field and our extensive knowledge of its underlying principles, wetting remains a dynamic and vibrant area of study. It continues to pose fundamental questions while offering innovative avenues for controlling these phenomena to develop novel applications.
 By tailoring the wetting properties of surfaces, researchers and engineers can design materials with specific functionalities, such as self-cleaning surfaces, anti-fog coatings, and enhanced slipperiness. Recent years have witnessed significant advancements in wetting research, owing to the exquisite control achieved in surface topography and chemistry and to the development of novel experimental techniques. Additionally, simulations and theory have played a crucial role in these advancements. They provid the fundamental knowledge and quantitative tools to control wettability and design surfaces with enhanced properties.
 Given these recent breakthroughs, this special collection Chemical Physics of Controlled Wettability and Super Surfaces becomes particularly timely and significant. It serves as a platform to showcase some of the latest developments in the field of wetting. It highlights the exciting progress and potential applications in controlling wetting properties that are enabled by the synergy between theory, simulations, and experiments.
description: EDITORIAL: Special Topic: Chemical Physics of Controlled Wettability and Super Surfaces
A single scale retinex based method for palm vein extraction
Creators: name: Wang, Chongyang
name: Peng, Ming
name: Xu, Lingfeng
name: Chen, Tong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Palm vein recognition is a novel biometric identification technology. But how to gain a better vein extraction result from the raw palm image is still a challenging problem, especially when the raw data collection has the problem of asymmetric illumination. This paper proposes a method based on single scale Retinex algorithm to extract palm vein image when strong shadow presents due to asymmetric illumination and uneven geometry of the palm. We test our method on a multispectral palm image. The experimental result shows that the proposed method is robust to the influence of illumination angle and shadow. Compared to the traditional extraction methods, the proposed method can obtain palm vein lines with better visualization performance (the contrast ratio increases by 18.4%, entropy increases by 1.07%, and definition increases by 18.8%).
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, received by 2016 IEEE Information Technology,Networking,Electronic and Automation Control Conference(ITNEC 2016)
Controlling Rayleigh-Backscattering-Induced Distortion in Radio over Fiber Systems for Radioastronomic Applications
Creators: name: Nanni, Jacopo
name: Giovannini, Andrea
name: Hadi, Muhammad Usman
name: Lenzi, Enrico
name: Rusticelli, Simone
name: Wayth, Randall
name: Perini, Federico
name: Monari, Jader
name: Tartarini, Giovanni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Radio over Fiber (RoF) Systems exploiting a direct modulation of the laser source are presently utilized within important Radioastronomic scenarios. Due to the particular operating conditions of some of these realizations, the phenomena which typically generate nonlinearities in RoF links for telecommunications applications can be here regarded as substantially harmless. However, these same operating conditions can make the RoF systems vulnerable to different kinds of nonlinear effects, related to the influence of the Rayleigh Backscattered signal on the transmitted one. A rigorous description of the phenomenon is performed, and an effective countermeasure to the problem is proposed and demonstrated, both theoretically and experimentally.
description: Accepted for publication in IEEE/OSA Journal of Lightwave Technology
Exploring How can Enterprise Holding Inc. in Alberta Benefit from the use of the online Training of Employees for Professional Development
Creators: Enock Okwaro
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2022

Many researchers have studied and documented the benefits and challenges of using online

training of employees for professional development (PD). In recent years, many companies and

organizations have started to invest in online training for professional development to

complement the traditional face-to-face PD training or do away with the traditional and continue

with the online training alone. Even though online training for PD has proven to be successful,

Enterprise Holdings Inc. (Ehi) in Alberta continues to spend much money for transport, food,

accommodation, and allowances to finance face-to-face training for professional development. In

this paper, I have attempted to explore the following questions: 1. How can (Ehi) benefit from

online training for professional development? 2. What are the most common models or strategies

for delivering online training to employees? What are their various strengths and weaknesses?

What model of strategy or a combination of models might present the best fit for the needs of
Enterprise Holdings Inc? 4. What steps does an organization like enterprise need to introduce an
online training strategy, and what factors do they need to consider in evaluating its values to the
organization? Findings suggest that Enterprise Holdings Inc. in Alberta can benefit from online
training by switching their training from face-to-face to online or by using online training as a
complement to the face-to-face training. Various modes of delivery methods include the hybrid
or blended method, synchronous, asynchronous, and extended asynchronous, although each has
its limitations. Ehi in Alberta can benefit by utilizing either online training only or the hybrid
method. They can start investing in online training by commissioning a task force of experts
which will bring recommendations with timeline and cost for implementations.
The C(3P) + NH3 reaction in interstellar chemistry: I. Investigation of the product formation channels
Creators: name: Bourgalais, Jeremy
name: Capron, Michael
name: Kailasanathan, Ranjith Kumar Abhinavam
name: Osborn, David L.
name: Hickson, Kevin M.
name: Loison, Jean-Christophe
name: Wakelam, Valentine
name: Goulay, Fabien
name: Picard, Sébastien D. Le
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The product formation channels of ground state carbon atoms, C(3P), reacting with ammonia, NH3, have been investigated using two complementary experiments and electronic structure calculations. Reaction products are detected in a gas flow tube experiment (330 K, 4 Torr) using tunable VUV photoionization coupled with time of flight mass spectrometry. Temporal profiles of the species formed and photoionization spectra are used to identify primary products of the C + NH3 reaction. In addition, H-atom formation is monitored by VUV laser induced fluorescence from room temperature to 50 K in a supersonic gas flow generated by the Laval nozzle technique. Electronic structure calculations are performed to derive intermediates, transition states and complexes formed along the reaction coordinate. The combination of photoionization and laser induced fluorescence experiments supported by theoretical calculations indicate that in the temperature and pressure range investigated, the H + H2CN production channel represents 100% of the product yield for this reaction. Kinetics measurements of the title reaction down to 50 K and the effect of the new rate constants on interstellar nitrogen hydride abundances using a model of dense interstellar clouds are reported in paper II.
Assessment of Water Resource & Forecasting water Demand Using Weap Model in Beles River , Abay River, Basin , Ethiopian
Creators: name: Abdurezak  Arage
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2021
Subjects: Beles Sub-Basin; Dangur; Upper Beles Irrigation, Water Demand, Allocation

description: As water is vital for life, analysis of water supply and demand in the basin is necessary.
 This will enable to formulate water allocation strategies and allocation principles for
 present and future planning. In this paper assessment of water supply and demands was
 modeled using the Water Evaluation and Planning model. The parameter Estimation Tool
 was used to calibrate and validate the model. Future water demand was estimated using
 four different scenarios namely Scenario-I: high population growth, Scenario-II: Dangur
 hydropower, Scenario-III: Expansion of irrigation activities and Industries in Beles
 basin, and Scenario-IV: combination of scenario-I, scenario-II and scenario-III
 Simultaneously. According to the result obtained from the model, the total estimated
 mean annual surface runoff that leaves the basin is 5858.6 MCM, the estimated mean
 annual actual evapotranspiration is 10017.13 MCM, the estimated mean annual
 precipitation is 17525.33 MCM, mean annual interflow is 962.37 MCM, mean annual
 Base flow is 480.82 MCM, and mean annual flow to groundwater is 206.40 MCM. Total
 available annual streamflow including the Tana-Beles hydropower scheme is 10.03
 BCM. Current water demand for Domestic, Industrial, Livestock, and Irrigation was
 880.91MCM. The water demand result shows there is no shortage of water in the current
 situation. The first two scenarios, scenario-I and scenario-II have not much effect on
 future water demand. In the third scenario, scenario-III the shortage of water demand
 was happen in Upper and Lower Beles irrigation. Scenario-IV evaluates the water
 demand after Dangur hydropower is in operation. In this scenario the water resource of
 the basin satisfies all demand sites in the basin.
Anisotropic relaxation in NADH excited states studied by polarization-modulation pump-probe transient spectroscopy
Creators: name: Gorbunova, Ioanna A.
name: Sasin, Maxim E.
name: Beltukov, Yaroslav M.
name: Semenov, Alexander A.
name: Vasyutinskii, Oleg S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of experimental and theoretical studies of fast anisotropic relaxation and rotational diffusion in the first electron excited state of biological coenzyme NADH in water-ethanol solutions. The experiments have been carried out by means of a novel polarization-modulation transient method and fluorescence polarization spectroscopy. For interpretation of the experimental results a model of the anisotropic relaxation in terms of scalar and vector properties of transition dipole moments and based on the Born-Oppenheimer approximation has been developed. The results obtained suggest that the dynamics of anisotropic rovibronic relaxation in NADH under excitation with 100~fs pump laser pulses can be characterised by a single vibration relaxation time $τ_v$ laying in the range 2--15~ps and a single rotation diffusion time $τ_r$ laying in the range 100--450~ps a subject of ethanol concentration. The dependence of the times $τ_v$ and $τ_r$ on the solution polarity (static permittivity) and viscosity has been determined and analyzed. Limiting values of an important parameter $\langle P_2(\cosθ(t))\rangle$ describing the rotation of the transition dipole moment in the course of vibrational relaxation has been determined from experiment as function of the ethanol concentration and analyzed.
description: 14 pages, 13 figures
Guidelines for the students' projects and research reporting formats
Creators: name: Simonović, Marko
name: van der Lek, Iulianna
name: Fišer, Darja
name: Arsenijević, Boban
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: This document offers instructions for teachers to define project learning outcomes, assessment, and evaluation strategies. Additionally, we provide practical guidance for issues like managing research data during the project and depositing research outputs in a public research data repository. Considerable emphasis is placed on research reporting by providing teachers with templates for various reporting formats that can be adapted and shared with students. We distinguish between long formats (e.g. standard research reports) and shorter formats, e.g. blog posts, oral and recorded presentations, and posters. Project reporting skills in different forms and for various audiences will benefit students in the workplace regardless of their career path.
O-Band Subwavelength Grating Filters in a Monolithic Photonics Technology
Creators: name: Afzal, Francis O.
name: Bian, Yusheng
name: Peng, Bo
name: Hu, Shuren
name: Dezfulian, Kevin
name: Nummy, Karen
name: Stricker, Andy
name: Aboketaf, Abdelsalam
name: Hedges, Crystal
name: Sowinski, Zoey
name: Rakowski, Michal
name: Lee, Won Suk
name: Augur, Rod
name: Riggs, Dave
name: Giewont, Ken
name: Weiss, Sharon M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The data communications industry has begun transitioning from electrical to optical interconnects in datacenters in order to overcome performance bottlenecks and meet consumer needs. To mitigate the costs associated with this change and achieve performance for 5G and beyond, it is crucial to explore advanced photonic devices that can enable high-bandwidth interconnects via wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) in photonic integrated circuits. Subwavelength grating (SWG) filters have shown great promise for WDM applications. However, the small feature sizes necessary to implement these structures have prohibited them from penetrating into industrial applications. To explore the manufacturability and performance of SWG filters in an industrial setting, we fabricate and characterize O-band subwavelength grating filters using the monolithic photonics technology at GLOBALFOUNDRIES (GF). We demonstrate a low drop channel loss of -1.2 dB with a flat-top response, a high extinction ratio of -30 dB, a 3 dB channel width of 5 nm and single-source thermal tunability without shape distortion. This filter structure was designed using elements from the product design kit provided by GF and functions in a compact footprint of 0.002 mm2 with a minimum feature size of 150 nm.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Assessment of Challenges & Opportunities of Waste water Treatment Plants on The Community The case of Selected Condominiums in Addis Ababa "
Creators: name: Mulat Berihun
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2021
Subjects: condominium houses, Condominium dwellers, Waste water challenges and opportunities.

description: Wastewater treatment is a process used to remove contaminants from wastewater or sewage
 and convert it in to an effluent that can be returned to the water cycle with minimum impact
 on the environment, or directly reused. The objectives of this study were assessing the
 opportunities and challenges of waste water treatment process on near-by community the
 case of selected condominiums in Addis Ababa, by applying a descriptive research method.
 with the specific objectives of the study looking into the challenges and opportunities of the
 waste water treatment plants in practice in case of Bole Arabsa and Tulu Dimtu
 condominiums . The study used a mixed research approach; in which the primary data
 were collected through questionnaires and focused group discussion with condominium
 committees and waste water treatment plant employees. And the secondary data was
 collected from d/t literatures. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS version 20. The
 study was descriptive research types using both primary and secondary data. A total of 315
 residents have been taken as a sample and the response rate was 79.4%. The researcher has
 used probability sampling techniques. The major 86.5% of the respondents were faced
 challenges such as; different water borne diseases, very bad smell, continuous sewage
 overflow from manholes and feud with neighbor. And also 13.5% of the respondents
 indicated that the waste water treatment process has an opportunity like; using the treated
 water for irrigation and for construction and it creates job opportunity. The study has
 ascertained that economic, social and health adverse impact was occurred on the nearby
 dwellers as a result of waste water treatment process. There is a need of considering the
 distance of waste water treatment plant from condominium houses when under construct,
 creating correlation for discussion about usage of waste water lines, prefer better quality and
 authenticate the size of waste water lines as well as creating awareness to nearby
 communities about advantages and dis advantages of waste water treatment plant are highly
 recommended by the researcher.