cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Accretion rate in AGN and X-ray-to-optical flux ratio at z $\le$ 0.2
Creators: name: Gaulle, Asrate
name: Pović, Mirjana
name: Zewdie, Dejene
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explored a sample of 545 local galaxies using data from the 3XMM-DR7 and SDSS-DR8 surveys. We carried out all analyses up to z\,$\sim$\,0.2, and we studied the relation between X/O flux ratio and accretion rate for different classes of active galaxies such as LINERs and Seyfert 2. We obtained a slight correlation between the two parameters if the whole sample of AGN is used. However, LINERs and Sy2 galaxies show different properties, slight correlation and slight anti-correlation, respectively. This could confirm that LINERs and Sy2 galaxies have different accretion efficiencies and maybe different accretion disc properties,as has been suggested previously. Keywords: galaxies - active; AGN - accretion rate; AGN - black hole masses; AGN - X-ray properties; AGN - optical properties
description: 3 page, 4 figures, Proceedings paper of the IAU symposium "Nuclear Activity in Galaxies Across Cosmic Time" (Ethiopia) accepted to be published under the Cambridge University Press, eds. M. Povic, P. Marziani, J. Masegosa, H. Netzer, S. H. Negu, and S. B. Tessema
Additional file 7 of Neurological manifestations and complications of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Yassin, Ahmed
name: Nawaiseh, Mohammed
name: Shaban, Ala
name: Alsherbini, Khalid
name: El-Salem, Khalid
name: Soudah, Ola
name: Abu-Rub, Mohammad
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 7.
Mashed up : Music, technology, and the rise of configurable culture
Creators: name: Campbell, Mark V.
name: Sinnreich, Aram
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts, Amherst
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 4705
subject: Literary studies

description: Book review of Sinnreich's Mashed Up: Music, Technology, and the Rise of Configurable Culture by Mark V. Campbell
Additional file 8 of Neurological manifestations and complications of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Yassin, Ahmed
name: Nawaiseh, Mohammed
name: Shaban, Ala
name: Alsherbini, Khalid
name: El-Salem, Khalid
name: Soudah, Ola
name: Abu-Rub, Mohammad
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 8.
Commentary Essay - Is internet addiction real in children
Creators: name: Corona, Eva
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 170113 Social and Community Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: This commentary essay is touching base on whether internet addiction is real in children and adolescents. In my research I am trying to present a second option of balance and management in technology for children and parents lives so that it will not become an unhealthy habit.
Nucleosynthesis, Reionization, and the Mass Function of the First Stars
Creators: name: Tumlinson, Jason
name: Venkatesan, Aparna
name: Shull, J. Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We critique the hypothesis that the first stars were very massive stars (VMS; M > 140 Msun). We review the two major lines of evidence for the existence of VMS: (1) that the relative metal abundances of extremely metal-poor Galactic halo stars show evidence of VMS enrichment, and (2) that the high electron-scattering optical depth (tau_e) to the CMB found by WMAP requires VMS for reionization in a concordance LambdaCDM cosmology. The supernova yield patterns of VMS are incompatible with the Fe-peak and r-process abundances in halo stars. Models including Type II supernovae and/or ``hypernovae'' from metal-free progenitors with 8 - 40 Msun can better explain the observed trends. With a simple metal-transport model, we estimate that halo enrichment curtails metal-free star formation after ~10^8 yr at z ~ 20. Because the ionizing photon efficiency of metal-free stars peaks at ~120 Msun and declines at higher mass, an IMF with a lower bound at M ~ 10 - 20 Msun and no VMS can maximize the ionizing photon budget and still be consistent with the nucleosynthetic evidence. An IMF devoid of low-mass stars is justified independently by models of the formation of primordial stars. Using a semi-analytic model for H I and He II reionization, we find that such an IMF can reproduce tau_e = 0.10 - 0.14, consistent with the range from WMAP. We conclude, on the basis of these results, that VMS are not necessary to meet the existing constraints commonly taken to motivate them.
description: final version accepted for ApJ Volume 612, September 2004
Additional file 9 of Neurological manifestations and complications of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Yassin, Ahmed
name: Nawaiseh, Mohammed
name: Shaban, Ala
name: Alsherbini, Khalid
name: El-Salem, Khalid
name: Soudah, Ola
name: Abu-Rub, Mohammad
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 9.
Random telegraph signal analysis with a recurrent neural network
Creators: name: Lambert, N. J.
name: Esmail, A. A.
name: Edwards, M.
name: Ferguson, A. J.
name: Schwefel, H. G. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use an artificial neural network to analyze asymmetric noisy random telegraph signals (RTSs), and extract underlying transition rates. We demonstrate that a long short-term memory neural network can vastly outperform conventional methods, particularly for noisy signals. Our technique gives reliable results as the signal-to-noise ratio approaches one, and over a wide range of underlying transition rates. We apply our method to random telegraph signals generated by a superconducting double dot based photon detector, allowing us to extend our measurement of quasiparticle dynamics to new temperature regimes.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
Conformal field theories with Z_N and Lie algebra symmetries
Creators: name: Dotsenko, Vladimir S
name: Jacobsen, Jesper Lykke
name: Santachiara, Raoul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct two-dimensional conformal field theories with a Z_N symmetry, based on the second solution of Fateev-Zamolodchikov for the parafermionic chiral algebra. Primary operators are classified according to their transformation properties under the dihedral group (Z_N x Z_2, where Z_2 stands for the Z_N charge conjugation), as singlets, [(N-1)/2] different doublets, and a disorder operator. In an assumed Coulomb gas scenario, the corresponding vertex operators are accommodated by the Kac table based on the weight lattice of the Lie algebra B_{(N-1)/2} when N is odd, and D_{N/2} when N is even. The unitary theories are representations of the coset SO_n(N) x SO_2(N) / SO_{n+2}(N), with n=1,2,.... We suggest that physically they realize the series of multicritical points in statistical systems having a Z_N symmetry.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures
Modeling stimulus-response functions in the auditory system
Creators: name: Luczak, Artur
name: Hackett, Troy A.
name: Kajikawa, Yoshinao
name: Laubach, Mark
Publisher: name: Yale University; Vanderbilt University
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 32
subject: Biomedical and clinical sciences

description: In this paper we describe a novel approach to evaluate stimulus-response functions of neurons in the auditory system. This method can account for spectral and other features of acoustic stimuli, e.g. amplitude of sound envelope, sound direction, etc. This approach allows us to investigate the Importance of a diverse set of stimulus features for processing sounds by auditory neurons. It also allows for the design of stimulus-response filters based on neuronal receptive fields, i.e., neurolets, which are described here as examples of potentially new sound processing methods inspired by neuronal processing.
Modeling stimulus-response functions in the auditory system
Creators: name: Luczak, Artur
name: Hackett, Troy A.
name: Kajikawa, Yoshinao
name: Laubach, Mark
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: In this paper we describe a novel approach to evaluate stimulus-response functions of neurons in the auditory system. This method can account for spectral and other features of acoustic stimuli, e.g. amplitude of sound envelope, sound direction, etc. This approach allows us to investigate the Importance of a diverse set of stimulus features for processing sounds by auditory neurons. It also allows for the design of stimulus-response filters based on neuronal receptive fields, i.e., neurolets, which are described here as examples of potentially new sound processing methods inspired by neuronal processing.
Current and future development of the photoionization code Cloudy
Creators: name: van Hoof, P. A. M.
name: Van de Steene, G. C.
name: Guzmán, F.
name: Dehghanian, M.
name: Chatzikos, M.
name: Ferland, G. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The gas that is present in the interstellar medium is usually very far removed from (local) thermodynamic equilibrium, and in some cases may also not be in a steady-state equilibrium with its surroundings. The physics of this material is complex and one needs a sophisticated numerical code to study it. For this purpose the open-source photoionization code Cloudy was created. It models the physical state of the gas and predicts the spectrum that it emits. Cloudy is continually being developed to improve the treatment of the microphysical processes and the database of fundamental data that it uses. In this paper we will discuss how we are developing the code to improve our high-density predictions by implementing better collisional-radiative models for all ions. We will also briefly discuss the experimental mode in Cloudy to model gas that is not in steady-state equilibrium and present a preliminary model of recombining gas in a planetary nebula that is on the cooling track. We finish with a short discussion of how we are speeding up the code by using parallelization.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures. This paper was presented as an invited lecture at the 12th Serbian Conference on Spectral Line Shapes in Astrophysics in Vrdnik, Serbia
Stimulus - response curves of a neuronal model for noisy subthreshold oscillations and related spike generation
Creators: name: Braun, Martin Tobias Huber And Hans Albert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We investigate the stimulus-dependent tuning properties of a noisy ionic conductance model for intrinsic subthreshold oscillations in membrane potential and associated spike generation. On depolarization by an applied current, the model exhibits subthreshold oscillatory activity with occasional spike generation when oscillations reach the spike threshold. We consider how the amount of applied current, the noise intensity, variation of maximum conductance values and scaling to different temperature ranges alter the responses of the model with respect to voltage traces, interspike intervals and their statistics and the mean spike frequency curves. We demonstrate that subthreshold oscillatory neurons in the presence of noise can sensitively and also selectively be tuned by stimulus-dependent variation of model parameters.
description: 19 pages, 7 figures
A note on aspects of the flax and hemp industry on the Cartmel peninsula in the 17th to 19th centuries
Creators: name: Rowland, Pat
name: Shore, David
name: Rowland, Phil
name: Gallagher, Jennifer
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2022

description: Transactions of the Cumberland & Westmorland Antiquarian & Archaeological Society, 21, 263-272
description: This article discusses aspects of the hemp and flax industry on the Cartmel peninsula in the 17th to 19th centuries. Those who controlled and worked within the industry have been identified through parish records, a selection of inventories and a variety of insurance and legal documents.
State-dependent Topological Invariants and Anomalous Bulk-Boundary Correspondence in non-Hermitian Topological Systems
Creators: name: Wang, Xiao-Ran
name: Guo, Cui-Xian
name: Kou, Su-Peng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The breakdown of the bulk-boundary correspondence in non-Hermitian (NH) topological systems is an open, controversial issue. In this paper, to resolve this issue, we ask the following question: Can a (global) topological invariant completely describe the topological properties of a NH system as its Hermitian counterpart? Our answer is no. One cannot use a global topological invariant (including non-Bloch topological invariant) to accurately characterize the topological properties of the NH systems. Instead, there exist a new type of topological invariants that are absence in its Hermitian counterpart -- the state dependent topological invariants. With the help of the state-dependent topological invariants, we develop a new topological theory for NH topological system beyond the general knowledge for usual Hermitian systems and obtain an exact formulation of the bulk-boundary correspondence, including state-dependent phase diagram, state-dependent phase transition and anomalous transport properties (spontaneous topological current). Therefore, these results will help people to understand the exotic topological properties of various non-Hermitian systems.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures
title: Integrierte kommunale Sozialplanung in der Praxis. Befragungsergebnisse zu den Idealvorstellungen und zur Realität kommunaler Sozialplaner*innen.
Creators: name: Wunderlich, Holger
name: Schultz, Annett
Publisher: name: Ostfalia Hochschule für angewandte Wissenschaften Braunschweig/ Wolfenbüttel
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: 320 Politik

description: Die kommunale Ebene hat in der sozialpolitischen Diskussion der letzten Jahre zunehmend an Bedeutung gewonnen. Entsprechend hat auch die integrierte kommunale Sozialplanung an Bedeutung gewonnen. Im Arbeitspapier werden auf der Basis von Befragungsergebnissen die Idealvorstellungen von Sozialplaner*innen und ihr aktuelle Arbeitsweise dargeselelt. Zusammenfassend zeigen die Ergebnisse, dass viele Sozialplaner*innen integriert arbeiten. Zwischen den integriert und den nicht integriert arbeitenden Sozialplaner*innen lassen sich dabei sowohl Gemeinsamkeiten als auch Unterschiede verzeichnen.
description: Sozial - Sozialpolitik, Sozialplanung und Soziale Arbeit in Theorie und Praxis; 1
Noradrenergic control of error perseveration in medial prefrontal cortex
Creators: name: Caetano, Marcelo S.
name: Jin, Lu E.
name: Harenberg, Linda
name: Stachenfeld, Kimberly L.
name: Arnsten, Amy F.T.
name: Laubach, Mark
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: The medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) plays a key role in behavioral variability, action monitoring, and inhibitory control. The functional role of mPFC may change over the lifespan due to a number of aging-related issues, including dendritic regression, increased cAMP signaling, and reductions in the efficacy of neuromodulators to influence mPFC processing. A key neurotransmitter in mPFC is norepinephrine. Previous studies have reported aging-related changes in the sensitivity of mPFC-dependent tasks to noradrenergic agonist drugs, such as guanfacine. Here, we assessed the effects of yohimbine, an alpha-2 noradrenergic antagonist, in cohorts of younger and older rats in a classic test of spatial working memory (using a T-maze). Older rats (23–29mo.) were impaired by a lower dose of yohimbine compared to younger animals (5–10mo.). To determine if the drug acts on alpha-2 noradrenergic receptors in mPFC and if its effects are specific to memory-guided performance, we made infusions of yohimbine into mPFC of a cohort of young rats (6mo.) using an operant delayed response task. The task involved testing rats in blocks of trials with memory- and stimulus-guided performance. Yohimbine selectively impaired memory-guided performance and was associated with error perseveration. Infusions of muscimol (a GABA-A agonist) at the same sites also selectively impaired memory-guided performance, but did not lead to error perseveration. Based on these results, we propose several potential interpretations for the role for the noradrenergic systemin the performance of delayed response tasks, including the encoding of previous response locations, task rules (i.e., using a win-stay strategy instead of a win-shift strategy), and performance monitoring (e.g., prospective encoding of outcomes).
States of Local Moment Induced by Nonmagnetic Impurities in Cuprate Superconductors
Creators: name: Chen, Yan
name: Ting, C. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By using a model Hamiltonian with d-wave superconductivity and competing antiferromagnetic (AF) orders, the local staggered magnetization distribution due to nonmagnetic impurities in cuprate superconductors is investigated. From this, the net magnetic moment induced by a single or double impurities can be obtained. We show that the net moment induced by a single impurity corresponds to a local spin with S_z=0, or 1/2 depending on the strength of the AF interaction and the impurity scattering. When two impurities are placed at the nearest neighboring sites, the net moment is always zero. For two unitary impurities at the next nearest neighboring sites, and at sites separated by a Cu-ion site, the induced net moment has S_z=0, or 1/2, or 1. The consequence of these results on experiments will be discussed.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Rapidity decorrelation of anisotropic flow caused by hydrodynamic fluctuations
Creators: name: Sakai, Azumi
name: Murase, Koichi
name: Hirano, Tetsufumi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the effect of hydrodynamic fluctuations on the rapidity decorrelations of anisotropic flow in high-energy nuclear collisions using a (3+1)-dimensional integrated dynamical model. The integrated dynamical model consists of twisted initial conditions, fluctuating hydrodynamics, and hadronic cascades on an event-by-event basis. To understand the rapidity decorrelation, we analyze the factorization ratio in the longitudinal direction. Comparing the factorization ratios between fluctuating hydrodynamics and ordinary viscous hydrodynamics, we find a sizable effect of hydrodynamic fluctuations on rapidity decorrelations. We also propose to calculate the Legendre coefficients of the flow magnitude and the event-plane angle to understand the decorrelation of anisotropic flow in the longitudinal direction.
description: 15 pages, 10 figures
Noradrenergic control of error perseveration in medial prefrontal cortex
Creators: name: Caetano, Marcelo S.
name: Jin, Lu E.
name: Harenberg, Linda
name: Stachenfeld, Kimberly L.
name: Arnsten, Amy F.T.
name: Laubach, Mark
Publisher: name: Yale University
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 52
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: The medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) plays a key role in behavioral variability, action monitoring, and inhibitory control. The functional role of mPFC may change over the lifespan due to a number of aging-related issues, including dendritic regression, increased cAMP signaling, and reductions in the efficacy of neuromodulators to influence mPFC processing. A key neurotransmitter in mPFC is norepinephrine. Previous studies have reported aging-related changes in the sensitivity of mPFC-dependent tasks to noradrenergic agonist drugs, such as guanfacine. Here, we assessed the effects of yohimbine, an alpha-2 noradrenergic antagonist, in cohorts of younger and older rats in a classic test of spatial working memory (using a T-maze). Older rats (23–29mo.) were impaired by a lower dose of yohimbine compared to younger animals (5–10mo.). To determine if the drug acts on alpha-2 noradrenergic receptors in mPFC and if its effects are specific to memory-guided performance, we made infusions of yohimbine into mPFC of a cohort of young rats (6mo.) using an operant delayed response task. The task involved testing rats in blocks of trials with memory- and stimulus-guided performance. Yohimbine selectively impaired memory-guided performance and was associated with error perseveration. Infusions of muscimol (a GABA-A agonist) at the same sites also selectively impaired memory-guided performance, but did not lead to error perseveration. Based on these results, we propose several potential interpretations for the role for the noradrenergic systemin the performance of delayed response tasks, including the encoding of previous response locations, task rules (i.e., using a win-stay strategy instead of a win-shift strategy), and performance monitoring (e.g., prospective encoding of outcomes).
Additional file 2 of An exploratory qualitative study of the prevention of road traffic collisions and neurotrauma in India: perspectives from key informants in an Indian industrial city (Visakhapatnam)
Creators: name: Santhani M Selveindran
name: Gurusinghe D. N. Samarutilake
name: K. Madhu Narayana Rao
name: Jogi V. Pattisapu
name: Hill, Christine
name: Kolias, Angelos G.
name: Pathi, Rajesh
name: Hutchinson, Peter J. A.
name: M. V. Vijaya Sekhar
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2. Themes, sub-themes and descriptors.
Additional file 1 of Corporate political activity of the baby food industry: the example of Nestlé in the United States of America
Creators: name: Tanrikulu, Hacer
name: Neri, Daniela
name: Robertson, Aileen
name: Mialon, Melissa
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Science Policy
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1. Sources of information for the study of the CPA of Nestlé in the USA. List of sources consulted for data collection.
Food system sustainability in University Boulevard Neighbourhood
Creators: name: Cheung, Karen
name: Graves, Mairi
name: Lau, Clarine
name: Ng, Teddy
name: Simmons, Ashley
name: Winardi, Anastasia
name: Wren, Anna
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: A strategy for food system sustainability in University Boulevard Neighbourhood (UBN) in UBC’s University Town is presented. Lack of consideration for food system sustainability in UBC planning documents is recognized. The extent of this problem is defined using findings from AGSC 450 colleagues in 2005 (groups 5 &12), Richer’s UBC Food Systems Project (UBCFSP) 2005 summary, peer-reviewed articles, and campus planning documents. The 7 Guiding Principles of the UBCFSP are discussed. Constructive criticism is given to better integrate the three elements of sustainability into these principles. Christopher Mare’s paper is used as a foundation to develop a framework for an eco-village. Ithaca and Los Angeles eco-villages are presented as case study models for UBN. A vision for a sustainable food system in UBN must incorporate ecological, social, and spiritual balance. As food systems are dynamic, this vision must be adaptable to allow for modification. Based on this vision, four key recommendations are proposed to achieve food system sustainability in UBN. These include: expose all UBCFSP stakeholders to the rationale for inclusion of food system sustainability at the policy level; create a UBC Food Policy Council using UBN as a pilot project to prove its efficacy; incorporate food system sustainability at the policy level; and make periodic amendments to campus planning documents. Disclaimer: “UBC SEEDS provides students with the opportunity to share the findings of their studies, as well as their opinions, conclusions and recommendations with the UBC community. The reader should bear in mind that this is a student project/report and is not an official document of UBC. Furthermore readers should bear in mind that these reports may not reflect the current status of activities at UBC. We urge you to contact the research persons mentioned in a report or the SEEDS Coordinator about the current status of the subject matter of a project/report.”
Chandra Observation of the Trifid Nebula: X-ray emission from the O star complex and actively forming pre-main sequence stars
Creators: name: Rho, J.
name: Ramirez, S.
name: Corcoran, M. F.
name: Hamaguchi, K.
name: Lefloch, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Trifid Nebula, a young star-forming HII region, was observed for 16 hours by the Chandra X-ray Observatory. We detected 304 X-ray sources, thirty percent of which are hard sources and seventy percent of of which have near-infrared counterparts. Chandra resolved the HD164492 multiple system into a number of discrete X-ray sources. X-ray emission is detected from components HD164492A (an O7.5III star which ionizes the nebula), B and C (a B6V star), and possibly D (a Be star). HD164492A has a soft spectrum (kT ~ 0.5 keV) while the component C blend shows much harder emission (kT ~ 6 keV). The soft spectrum of the O star is similar to emission seen from other single O stars and is probably produced by shocks within its massive stellar wind. Lack of hard emission suggests that neither a magnetically confined wind shock nor colliding wind emission is important in HD164492A. A dozen stars are found to have flares in the field and most of them are pre-main sequence stars (PMS). Six sources with flares have both optical and 2MASS counterparts. These counterparts are not embedded and thus it is likely that these sources are in a later stage of PMS evolution, possibly Class II or III. Two flare sources did not have any near-IR, optical, or radio counterparts. We suggest these X-ray flare stars are in an early pre-main sequence stage (Class I or earlier). We also detected X-ray sources apparently associated with two massive star forming cores, TC1 and TC4. The spectra of these sources show high extinction and X-ray luminosities of 2 - 5 x 10^{31} erg/s. If these sources are Class 0 objects, it is unclear if their X-ray emission is due to solar-type magnetic activities as in Class I objects, or some other mechanism.
description: 28 pages, 6 figures: Accepted by ApJ
Redundancy and synergy of neuronal ensembles in motor cortex
Creators: name: Narayanan, Nandakumar S.
name: Kimchi, Eyal Yaacov
name: Laubach, Mark
Publisher: name: Yale University
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 3209
subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: We examined the ability of neuronal ensembles from rat motor cortex to predict behavioral performance during a reaction time task. We found that neurons that were the best individual predictors of task performance were not necessarily the neurons that contributed the most predictive information to an ensemble of neurons. To understand this result, we applied a framework for quantifying statistical relationships between neurons (Schneidman et al., 2003) to all possible combinations of neurons within our ensembles. We found that almost all neurons (96%) contributed redundant predictive information to the ensembles. This redundancy resulted in the maintenance of predictive information despite the removal of many neurons from each ensemble. Moreover, the balance of synergistic and redundant interactions depended on the number of neurons in the ensemble. Small ensembles could exhibit synergistic interactions (e.g., 23 +/- 9% of ensembles with two neurons were synergistic). In contrast, larger ensembles exhibited mostly redundant interactions (e.g., 99 +/- 0.1% of ensembles with eight neurons were redundant). We discuss these results with regard to constraints on interpreting neuronal ensemble data and with respect to motor cortex involvement in reaction time performance.
Additional file 1 of An exploratory qualitative study of the prevention of road traffic collisions and neurotrauma in India: perspectives from key informants in an Indian industrial city (Visakhapatnam)
Creators: name: Santhani M Selveindran
name: Gurusinghe D. N. Samarutilake
name: K. Madhu Narayana Rao
name: Jogi V. Pattisapu
name: Hill, Christine
name: Kolias, Angelos G.
name: Pathi, Rajesh
name: Hutchinson, Peter J. A.
name: M. V. Vijaya Sekhar
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Standards for Reporting Qualitative Research (SRQR).
การพัฒนากระบวนการสร้างเสริมความรอบรู้ด้านสุขภาพ เรื่อง เอชไอวีและโรคติดต่อทางเพศสัมพันธ์ ในกลุ่มผู้มีเชื้อเอชไอวี
Creators: name: จุฑามาศ มากกุญชร
Publisher: name: Division of AIDS&STIs
Year: 2022
Subjects: ความรอบรู้ด้านสุขภาพ
เอชไอวีและโรคติดต่อทางเพศสัมพันธ์
ผู้มีเชื้อเอชไอวี

description: Thai AIDS Journal, 34, 1, 1-19
Studying quantum spin systems through entanglement estimators
Creators: name: Roscilde, Tommaso
name: Verrucchi, Paola
name: Fubini, Andrea
name: Haas, Stephan
name: Tognetti, Valerio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the field dependence of the entanglement of formation in anisotropic S=1/2 antiferromagnetic chains displaying a T=0 field-driven quantum phase transition. The analysis is carried out via Quantum Monte Carlo simulations. At zero temperature the entanglement estimators show abrupt changes at and around criticality, vanishing below the critical field, in correspondence with an exactly factorized state, and then immediately recovering a finite value upon passing through the quantum phase transition. At the quantum critical point, a deep minimum in the pairwise-to-global entanglement ratio shows that multi-spin entanglement is strongly enhanced; moreover this signature represents a novel way of detecting the quantum phase transition of the system, relying entirely on entanglement estimators.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, v3: improved figures and discussion. Accepted for publication on Phys. Rev. Lett
Redundancy and synergy of neuronal ensembles in motor cortex
Creators: name: Narayanan, Nandakumar S.
name: Kimchi, Eyal Yaacov
name: Laubach, Mark
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: We examined the ability of neuronal ensembles from rat motor cortex to predict behavioral performance during a reaction time task. We found that neurons that were the best individual predictors of task performance were not necessarily the neurons that contributed the most predictive information to an ensemble of neurons. To understand this result, we applied a framework for quantifying statistical relationships between neurons (Schneidman et al., 2003) to all possible combinations of neurons within our ensembles. We found that almost all neurons (96%) contributed redundant predictive information to the ensembles. This redundancy resulted in the maintenance of predictive information despite the removal of many neurons from each ensemble. Moreover, the balance of synergistic and redundant interactions depended on the number of neurons in the ensemble. Small ensembles could exhibit synergistic interactions (e.g., 23 +/- 9% of ensembles with two neurons were synergistic). In contrast, larger ensembles exhibited mostly redundant interactions (e.g., 99 +/- 0.1% of ensembles with eight neurons were redundant). We discuss these results with regard to constraints on interpreting neuronal ensemble data and with respect to motor cortex involvement in reaction time performance.
Nonequilibrium chiral dynamics by the time dependent variational approach with squeezed states
Creators: name: Ikezi, Naoko
name: Asakawa, Masayuki
name: Tsue, Yasuhiko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the inhomogeneous chiral dynamics of the O(4) linear sigma model in 1+1 dimensions using the time dependent variational approach in the space spanned by the squeezed states. We compare two cases, with and without the Gaussian approximation for the Green's functions. We show that mode-mode correlation plays a decisive role in the out-of-equilibrium quantum dynamics of domain formation and squeezing of states.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures. RevTex, version to appear in Phys. Rev. C. Rapid Communication
Additional file 1 of Dietary supplementation of dried plum: a novel strategy to mitigate heat stress in broiler chickens
Creators: name: Wasti, Sanjeev
name: Nirvay Sah
name: Singh, Amit K.
name: Lee, Chin N.
name: Jha, Rajesh
name: Mishra, Birendra
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Nutrient composition of dried plum. Table S2. Primers used to 838 quantify the expression of the genes by qPCR. Fig. S1. Experimental design.
Molecular jets from low-mass young protostellar objects
Creators: name: Lee, C. -F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Molecular jets are seen coming from the youngest protostars in the early phase of low-mass star formation. They are detected in CO, SiO, and SO at (sub)millimeter wavelengths down to the innermost regions, where their associated protostars and accretion disks are deeply embedded and where they are launched and collimated. They are not only the fossil records of accretion history of the protostars but also are expected to play an important role in facilitating the accretion process. Studying their physical properties (e.g., mass-loss rate, velocity, rotation, radius, wiggle, molecular content, shock formation, periodical variation, magnetic field, etc) allows us to probe not only the jet launching and collimation, but also the disk accretion and evolution, and potentially binary formation and planetary formation in the disks. Here I review recent exciting results obtained with high-spatial and high-velocity resolution observations of molecular jets in comparison to those obtained in the optical jets in the later phase of star formation. Future observations of molecular jets with a large sample at high spatial and velocity resolution with ALMA are expected to lead to a breakthrough in our understanding of jets from young stars.
description: 38 pages, 15 figures
Additional file 1 of The response of Plasmodium falciparum to isoleucine withdrawal is dependent on the stage of progression through the intraerythrocytic cell cycle
Creators: name: McLean, Kyle Jarrod
name: Jacobs-Lorena, Marcelo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Regression summaries.
Additional file 2 of Amyloid pathology arrangements in Alzheimer’s disease brains modulate in vivo seeding capability
Creators: name: Duran-Aniotz, Claudia
name: Moreno-Gonzalez, Ines
name: Nazaret Gamez
name: Perez-Urrutia, Nelson
name: Laura Vegas-Gomez,
name: Soto, Claudio
name: Morales, Rodrigo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2.
Patterns and predictors of opioid use in migraine patients presenting to the emergency department (ED)
Creators: name: Shah, Sanket Jayesh
name: 0000-0001-9370-6632
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2018
Subjects: Migraine
Opioids

description: The purpose of the study was to compare the demographics, clinical characteristics, and past opioid use and health-resource utilization (HRU) of migraine patients presenting to the emergency department (ED) and treated with an opioid vs. non-opioid as therapy for headaches. Furthermore, the study aimed to identify drivers of opioid use at the ED and compare time to ED visit between those treated with opioids vs. non-opioids for a migraine headache. Electronic medical records (EMR) from Jan-2011 to April-2017 were acquired. The first migraine-related ED visit between July 1, 2011 and Oct 31, 2016 was defined as the index date. Patients ≥18 years with 12 months of preindex and postindex data, and at least one migraine-related ED visit in the enrollment period, were included in the study. Using prescribing data, patients treated with an opioid at the index ED visit were categorized as the opioid-treated cohort, and patients treated with a non-opioid were categorized as the non-opioid-treated cohort. HRU and comorbidities were summarized over 12 months preindex, and medication use over 6 months preindex. These were compared using descriptive statistics. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify predictors of opioid use at the index ED visit. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to compare time-to-ED-visit between the cohorts and identify drivers of ED use. Of the 25,430 headache patients in the dataset, 4,394 patients met study criteria. Of these, 1,082 were classified as opioid-treated and 3,312 as non-opioid treated. Females constituted 86% (n=3,766) of the cohort and 56% (n=2,460) were White. Hypertension (n=1,193, 27%), non-migraine headache conditions (n=1,175, 26%) and back pain (n=826, 19%) were the top three frequently reported comorbidities. Migraine-related office visits (OR=0.76), all-cause ED visits (OR=0.94), 3-6 (OR=4.12) and ≥7 (OR=7.20) preindex opioids administered within a healthcare setting were significant (p<0.05) predictors of opioid use at the ED. The opioid-treated cohort was not found to be at a significantly higher hazard of a future ED visit. Migraine-related HRU and all-purpose ED visits were found to be significant drivers of ED use. In conclusion, past opioid use can be used to stratify patients for risk of opioid use at future migraine-related ED visits.
Reversible inactivation of rat premotor cortex impairs temporal preparation, but not inhibitory control, during simple reaction-time performance
Creators: name: Smith, Nathaniel J.
name: Horst, Nicole K.
name: Liu, Benjamin
name: Caetano, Marcelo S.
name: Laubach, Mark
Publisher: name: The John B. Pierce Laboratory; Yale University
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 3209
subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Previous studies by our lab and others have established a role for medial areas of the prefrontal cortex (mPFC) in the top–down control of action during simple reaction-time (RT) tasks. However, the neural circuits that allow mPFC to influence activity in the motor system have remained unclear. In the present study, we used a combination of tract-tracing and reversible inactivation methods to examine the role of a motor-related area in the rat frontal cortex, called the rostral forelimb area (RFA), in the top–down control of action. Neural tracing studies involved used electrical microstimulation to identify RFA and injections of biotinylated dextran amines (BDA) to map out connections of RFA with other parts of the frontal cortex. Connections were found between RFA and mPFC, the agranular insular cortex, and the primary motor cortex. Reversible inactivations using muscimol infusions into RFA increased response times and eliminated delaydependent speeding, but did not increase premature responding. These results are markedly different from what is obtained when muscimol is infused into mPFC, which leads to excessive premature responding and a reduction of RTs to stimuli at short delays (Narayanan et al., 2006). We also tested animals during the RT task after inactivating the agranular insular cortex, which contains neurons that projects to and receives from RFA and mPFC, and found no effects on RT performance. Together, these studies suggest that RFA is a premotor region in the rat frontal cortex that competes with mPFC to control action selection. We suggest that RFA controls the threshold that is used to initiate responding and generates prepotent excitation over responding that is crucial for temporal preparation.
Rigorous theory of nuclear fusion rates in a plasma
Creators: name: Brown, Lowell S.
name: Dooling, David C.
name: Preston, Dean L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Real-time thermal field theory is used to reveal the structure of plasma corrections to nuclear reactions. Previous results are recovered in a fashion that clarifies their nature, and new extensions are made. Brown and Yaffe have introduced the methods of effective quantum field theory into plasma physics. They are used here to treat the interesting limiting case of dilute but very highly charged particles reacting in a dilute, one-component plasma. The highly charged particles are very strongly coupled to this background plasma. The effective field theory proves that this mean field solution plus the one-loop term dominate; higher loop corrections are negligible even though the problem involves strong coupling. Such analytic results for very strong coupling are rarely available, and they can serve as benchmarks for testing computer models.
description: 4 pages and 2 figures, presented at SCCS 2005, June 20-25, Moscow, Russia
Reversible inactivation of rat premotor cortex impairs temporal preparation, but not inhibitory control, during simple reaction-time performance
Creators: name: Smith, Nathaniel J.
name: Horst, Nicole K.
name: Liu, Benjamin
name: Caetano, Marcelo S.
name: Laubach, Mark
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Previous studies by our lab and others have established a role for medial areas of the prefrontal cortex (mPFC) in the top–down control of action during simple reaction-time (RT) tasks. However, the neural circuits that allow mPFC to influence activity in the motor system have remained unclear. In the present study, we used a combination of tract-tracing and reversible inactivation methods to examine the role of a motor-related area in the rat frontal cortex, called the rostral forelimb area (RFA), in the top–down control of action. Neural tracing studies involved used electrical microstimulation to identify RFA and injections of biotinylated dextran amines (BDA) to map out connections of RFA with other parts of the frontal cortex. Connections were found between RFA and mPFC, the agranular insular cortex, and the primary motor cortex. Reversible inactivations using muscimol infusions into RFA increased response times and eliminated delaydependent speeding, but did not increase premature responding. These results are markedly different from what is obtained when muscimol is infused into mPFC, which leads to excessive premature responding and a reduction of RTs to stimuli at short delays (Narayanan et al., 2006). We also tested animals during the RT task after inactivating the agranular insular cortex, which contains neurons that projects to and receives from RFA and mPFC, and found no effects on RT performance. Together, these studies suggest that RFA is a premotor region in the rat frontal cortex that competes with mPFC to control action selection. We suggest that RFA controls the threshold that is used to initiate responding and generates prepotent excitation over responding that is crucial for temporal preparation.
Information Compression by Multiple Alignment, Unification and Search as a Unifying Principle in Computing and Cognition
Creators: name: Wolff, J Gerard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.0

description: This article presents an overview of the idea that "information compression by multiple alignment, unification and search" (ICMAUS) may serve as a unifying principle in computing (including mathematics and logic) and in such aspects of human cognition as the analysis and production of natural language, fuzzy pattern recognition and best-match information retrieval, concept hierarchies with inheritance of attributes, probabilistic reasoning, and unsupervised inductive learning. The ICMAUS concepts are described together with an outline of the SP61 software model in which the ICMAUS concepts are currently realised. A range of examples is presented, illustrated with output from the SP61 model.