cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Estimating transaction costs associated with water policy implementation in South Africa
Creators: name: Nijiraini, Georgina
name: Thiam, Djiby
name: Nijiraini, Georgina
name: Thiam, Djiby
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: transaction costs
subject: water policy reforms
subject: South Africa
subject: Olifants river basin

description: Water is a complex economic good and requires optimal management to control its rising scarcity and competition for use. South Africa is in the process of implementing market based water policy reforms to attain equity, efficiency, and sustainability. However, these reforms have not been entirely successful and water allocation problems persist. This could be due the associated transaction costs arising from the transition of the policy process among other factors. Previous research lacks to explain the complete interplay of issues. Transaction costs constitute a large component of total policy costs yet remain generally unmeasured. This study identifies and quantifies transaction costs incurred by various stakeholders in the Olifants basin. Further, determinants of irrigation farmers’ transaction costs are assessed using regression methods. Results from this study feed back into the water policy process through allowing comparisons between policy alternatives ex ante and evaluation of existing policies ex post for improvement purposes
Signals for Noncommutative QED at High Energy $e^+e^-$ Colliders
Creators: name: Hewett, J. L.
name: Petriello, F. J.
name: Rizzo, T. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the signatures for noncommutative QED at $e^+e^-$ colliders with center of mass energies in excess of 1 TeV such as CLIC. For integrated luminosities of 1 ab$^{-1}$ or more, sensitivities to the associated mass scales greater than $\sqrt s$ are possible.
description: 4 pages, 4 figs, LaTex; Contributed to Snowmass 2001 Summer Study
Size-selected polyynes synthesized by submerged arc discharge in water
Creators: name: Peggiani, Sonia
name: Senis, Andrea
name: Facibeni, Anna
name: Milani, Alberto
name: Serafini, Patrick
name: Cerrato, Gianmarco
name: Lucotti, Andrea
name: Tommasini, Matteo
name: Fazzi, Daniele
name: Castiglioni, Chiara
name: Russo, Valeria
name: Bassi, Andrea Li
name: Casari, Carlo S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Polyynes are linear sp-carbon chains of finite length consisting in a sequence of alternated single and triple bonds and displaying appealing optical and electronic properties. A simple, low cost and scalable production technique for polyynes is the submerged arc discharge (SAD) in liquid, which so far, has been mainly exploited in organic solvents. In this work, we investigated in detail SAD in water as a cheap and non-toxic solvent for the production of polyynes. The role of process parameters such as current (10-25 A) and voltage (20-25 V) in the production yield have been investigated, as well as polyynes stability. Polyynes terminated by hydrogen (CnH2: n=6-16) were identified by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) coupled with UV-Visible absorption spectroscopy and with the support of density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Size-selected polyynes separated by HPLC were analyzed by surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). The formation process was monitored by in situ SERS using an immersed fiber-optic Raman probe and employing Ag nanoparticles directly produced in the solution by SAD.
The temperature-flow renormalization group and the competition between superconductivity and ferromagnetism
Creators: name: Honerkamp, Carsten
name: Salmhofer, Manfred
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive a differential equation for the one-particle-irreducible vertex functions of interacting fermions as a function of the temperature. Formally, these equations correspond to a Wilsonian renormalization group scheme which uses the temperature as an explicit scale parameter. Our novel method allows us to analyze the competition between superconducting and various magnetic Fermi surface instabilities in the one-loop approximation. In particular this includes ferromagnetic fluctuations, which are difficult to treat on an equal footing in conventional Wilsonian momentum space techniques. Applying the scheme to the two-dimensional t-t' Hubbard model we investigate the RG flow of the interactions at the van Hove filling with varying next-nearest neighbor hopping t'. Starting at t'=0 we describe the evolution of the flow to strong coupling from an antiferromagnetic nesting regime over a d-wave regime at moderate t' to a ferromagnetic region at larger absolute values of t'. Upon increasing the particle density in the latter regime the ferromagnetic tendencies are cut off and the leading instability occurs in the triplet superconducting pairing channel.
description: 18 pages, 11 figures
Advisory services for nutrient utilisation
Creators: name: Nordin, Martin
name: Hojgard, Soren
name: Nordin, Martin
name: Hojgard, Soren
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety

description: This paper analyses the effects of advisory services regarding the use of nutrients in Swedish agriculture on nutrient balances and farms’ finances. The key to our research design is that consultation varies between counsellors (some counsellors give more consultation than others), which leads to random variation in “treatment”. We find that counselling affects nutrient utilisation, which possibly reduces leakages and eutrophication in the Baltic Sea. Higher yields imply a large and positive impact on farms value added. The improvements is mainly due to better land management practices so that more efficient use of fertilizers increases crop production and thereby decreases the nitrogen balance.
Economic and Social Linkages Between Malaria Illness and Crop Production in Yobe State, Nigeria
Creators: name: Ochi, John
name: Madaki, Musa
name: Murtala, Nasiru
name: Ochi, John
name: Madaki, Musa
name: Murtala, Nasiru
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Crop production
subject: Malaria illness
subject: household income
subject: Propensity score matching
subject: economic development

description: The purpose of this article is to stimulate discussion about the links between malaria pandemic and crop production, and to broaden our understanding of the effect of malaria in terms of its economic burden on households and national economic development of endemic economies. It begins with a theoretical framework, emphasising economic development imperative of malaria, and the implication for agricultural development. Using propensity score matching, the likelihood of malaria infection was evaluated in relation to key socioeconomic variables among infected and uninfected households in agricultural communities of Yobe State. Similarly, the linear regression provides empirical evidence to suggest that the instrumented malaria indices significantly reduce crop production among malaria infected households. The economic loss approach further stresses the economic imperative of the opportunity cost of labor among malaria infected households. The empirical results suggest targeting farmers with malaria-specific control and prevention programs in the state.
Heterocorixa lundbladi Hungerford 1948
Creators: name: Moreira, Felipe Ferraz Figueiredo
name: Barbosa, Julianna Freires
name: Ribeiro, José Ricardo Inacio
name: Alecrim, Viviani Pereira
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Corixidae
Heterocorixa
Heterocorixa lundbladi

description: Heterocorixa lundbladi Hungerford, 1948
Geographical distribution: Brazil.
Distribution in Brazil: North Region (AM) (Hungerford 1948; Nieser 1975).
description: Published as part of Moreira, Felipe Ferraz Figueiredo, Barbosa, Julianna Freires, Ribeiro, José Ricardo Inacio & Alecrim, Viviani Pereira, 2011, Checklist and distribution of semiaquatic and aquatic Heteroptera (Gerromorpha and Nepomorpha) occurring in Brazil 2958, pp. 1-74 in Zootaxa 2958 (1) on page 35, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2958.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5281851
Agricultural commercialization and household food security: The case of smallholders in Great Lakes Region of Central Africa
Creators: name: Justus, Ochieng
name: Knerr, Beatrice
name: Owuor, George
name: Ouma, Emily
name: Justus, Ochieng
name: Knerr, Beatrice
name: Owuor, George
name: Ouma, Emily
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Central Africa
subject: Dietary Diversity
subject: Coping strategies
subject: Propensity score matching

description: Rwanda and the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) faces the challenge of low food production and high incidences of poverty. Several programs initiated in the region to improve food security and market access have had limited success. Many households mainly grow bananas and legumes as staple crops. Using propensity score matching, this paper evaluates the impact of bananas and legumes commercialization on household food security. Commercial oriented farmers have more diverse diets than non-commercial oriented ones because they can easily purchase other foods to supplement own production. Commercialization has a robust and positive effect on household food security. It significantly increases household dietary diversity and reduces the number of coping strategies adopted during food shortage. Programs that promote commercialization of smallholder agriculture coupled with improved infrastructure in terms of roads and market information systems are continuously needed to facilitate commercialization of farm produce.
Complementary Observables for the Determination of |Vub| in Inclusive Semileptonic B Decays
Creators: name: Kowalewski, Robert V.
name: Menke, Sven
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The determination of |Vub| from inclusive semileptonic B decays is limited by uncertainties in modelling the decay distributions in b->ulnu transitions. The largest uncertainties arise from the limited knowledge of the appropriate b quark mass and Fermi momentum to use in the parameterization of the shape function. This paper presents a new method in which these shape function parameters are constrained by the same data used to measure |Vub|. The method requires measurements of the momenta of both the charged lepton and the neutrino in semileptonic B decays. From these quantities two complementary observables can be constructed, one for discriminating between b->ulnu transitions and background and the other for constraining the shape function. Using this technique the uncertainties in |Vub| from the shape function may be significantly reduced.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures
Spectra of Convex Hulls of Matrix Groups
Creators: name: Jankowski, Eric
name: Johnson, Charles R.
name: Lim, Derek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The still-unsolved problem of determining the set of eigenvalues realized by $n$-by-$n$ doubly stochastic matrices, those matrices with row sums and column sums equal to $1$, has attracted much attention in the last century. This problem is somewhat algebraic in nature, due to a result of Birkhoff demonstrating that the set of doubly stochastic matrices is the convex hull of the permutation matrices. Here we are interested in a general matrix group $G \subseteq GL_n(\mathbb{C})$ and the hull spectrum $\text{HS}(G)$ of eigenvalues realized by convex combinations of elements of $G$. We show that hull spectra of matrix groups share many nice properties. Moreover, we give bounds on the hull spectra of matrix groups, determine $\text{HS}(G)$ exactly for important classes of matrix groups, and study the hull spectra of representations of abstract groups.
description: 19 pages. This work was completed at the 2019 Matrix Analysis REU at the College of William & Mary
What Do Farmers Want in the Design of Biofuel Investments in Kenya? A Choice Experiment Approach
Creators: name: Ochieng, Isabel Joy
name: Otieno, David
name: Oluoch-Kosura, Willis
name: Jistrom, Magnus
name: Ochieng, Isabel Joy
name: Otieno, David
name: Oluoch-Kosura, Willis
name: Jistrom, Magnus
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Farm Management
subject: Biofuel-investments
subject: Farmer preferences
subject: Livelihood diversification.

description: Emerging forms of investment such as biofuels have intensified pressure on scarce land especially in developing countries. This has implications on household enterprise choice and food security. However, biofuel investments in Sub-Saharan Africa are often undertaken without adequate stakeholder consultations on priorities and preferences. In order to provide insights for managing potential resource conflicts, this study assessed farmers’ preferences on the design of biofuel investments in Kenya. Choice Experiment was used to elicit survey data from 342 farmers, and random parameter model applied in analysis. Results indicated higher positive preferences for short contract lengths, leasing of a quarter of their land, permanent employment and renewable contracts. Compensating surplus estimates showed that farmers who already practice mixed crop-livestock systems required higher compensation to accept biofuel investments. These findings offer insights on the design of biofuel investments as a potential livelihood diversification option.
A new extragalactic distance determination method using the flux-weighted gravity of late B and early A supergiants
Creators: name: Kudritzki, Rolf P.
name: Bresolin, Fabio
name: Przybilla, Norbert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Stellar evolution calculations predict the flux-weighted gravity g/Teff^4 and absolute bolometric magnitude of blue supergiants to be strongly correlated. We use medium resolution multi-object spectroscopy of late B and early A supergiants in two spiral galaxies, NGC 300 and NGC 3621, to demonstrate the existence of such a relationship, which proves to be surprisingly tight. An analysis of high resolution spectra of blue supergiants in Local Group galaxies confirms this detection. We discuss the application of the relationship for extragalactic distance determinations and conservatively conclude that once properly calibrated it has the potential to allow for measurements of distance moduli out to 30.5 mag with an accuracy of 0.1 mag or better.
description: 9 pages, 1 table, 3 figures. Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal Letters
Additional file 1 of Development of updated population norms for the SF-36 for Hungary and comparison with 1997–1998 norms
Creators: name: Bató, Alex
name: Brodszky, Valentin
name: Rencz, Fanni
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: Medicine
Cell Biology
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Developmental Biology
Cancer
Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Table 1 Distribution of SF-36 responses by item and age group. Table 2 Multivariate linear regression of the SF-36 raw domain scores.
Rational Diophantine sextuples containing two regular quadruples and one regular quintuple
Creators: name: Dujella, Andrej
name: Kazalicki, Matija
name: Petričević, Vinko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11D09, 11G05

description: A set of $m$ distinct nonzero rationals $\{a_1,a_2,\ldots,a_m\}$ such that $a_ia_j+1$ is a perfect square for all $1\leq i
description: 5 pages
Impact of Improved Farm Technologies on Yields: The Case of Improved Maize Varieties and Inorganic Fertilizers in Kenya
Creators: name: Ogada, Maurice
name: Nyangena, Wilfred
name: Ogada, Maurice
name: Nyangena, Wilfred
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Technology Adoption
subject: Yield
subject: Difference-in-Differences
subject: Kenya

description: This study investigates the impact of package adoption of inorganic fertilizers and improved maize varieties on yield among smallholder households in Kenya. We used a blend of the quasi-experimental difference-in-differences approach and propensity score matching to control for both time-variant and time-invariant unobservable household heterogeneity. Our findings show that inorganic fertilizers and improved maize varieties significantly improve yields when adopted as a package rather than as individual elements. The impact is greater at the lower end of the yield distribution than at the upper end, and when technical efficiency of the farmers improves. A positive effect of partial adoption is experienced only in the lower quantile of the yield distribution. The policy implication is that complementary agricultural technologies should be promoted as a package, and should target households and areas which are already experiencing low yields.
Spin physics with STAR
Creators: name: Kiryluk, Joanna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The STAR collaboration aims to study polarized proton-proton collisions at RHIC. The emphasis of the spin run this year is on transverse single spin asymmetries. Beyond 2001, we aim to determine directly and precisely the gluon polarization, as well as the polarizations of the u, $\bar{u}$, d and $\bar{d}$ quarks in the proton by measuring in addition longitudinal and double spin asymmetries. Furthermore, we aim to measure for the first time the quark transversity distributions. These measurements will improve substantially the knowledge and understanding of the spin structure of the nucleon.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures. Talk presented at The 3rd Circum-Pan-Pacific Symposium on "High Energy Spin Physics" October 8-13 2001, Beijing, China
Effects of Different Hand-Grounding Locations on Haptic Performance With a Wearable Kinesthetic Haptic Device
Creators: name: Nisar, Sajid
name: Martinez, Melisa Orta
name: Endo, Takahiro
name: Matsuno, Fumitoshi
name: Okamura, Allison M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Grounding of kinesthetic feedback against a user's hand can increase the portability and wearability of a haptic device. However, the effects of different hand-grounding locations on haptic perception of a user are unknown. In this letter, we investigate the effects of three different hand-grounding locations-back of the hand, proximal phalanx of the index finger, and middle phalanx of the index finger-on haptic perception using a newly designed wearable haptic device. The novel device can provide kinesthetic feedback to the user's index finger in two directions: along the finger-axis and in the finger's flexion-extension movement direction. We measure users' haptic perception for each grounding location through a psychophysical experiment for each of the two feedback directions. Results show that among the studied locations, grounding at proximal phalanx has a smaller average just noticeable difference for both feedback directions, indicating a more sensitive haptic perception. The realism of the haptic feedback, based on user ratings, was the highest with grounding at the middle phalanx for feedback along the finger axis, and at the proximal phalanx for feedback in the flexion-extension direction. Users identified the haptic feedback as most comfortable with grounding at the back of the hand for feedback along the finger axis and at the proximal phalanx for feedback in the flexion-extension direction. These findings show that the choice of grounding location has a significant impact on the user's haptic perception and qualitative experience. The results provide insights for designing next-generation wearable hand-grounded kinesthetic devices to achieve better haptic performance and user experience in virtual reality and teleoperated robotic applications.
description: 8 pages, 11 figures, 1 table
Economics of climate change adaptation: a case study of Ceres-South Africa
Creators: name: Ogundeji, Abiodun
name: Jordaan, Henry
name: Groenewald, Jan
name: Ogundeji, Abiodun
name: Jordaan, Henry
name: Groenewald, Jan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Climate change
subject: Agricultural Sector
subject: Integrated model
subject: Adaptation

description: The aim of this study is to develop an integrated model that can simulate the impact of climate change on farm structure and adaptation thereof. The future sustainability of the agricultural sector relies on the type of adaptation strategy put in place for farmers to cope with the projected impacts of climate change. The Ceres Dynamic Integrated Model (CDIM) was developed to evaluate different adaptation strategies, results show that it is unlikely that high water tariffs will reduce the level of water used for production. Depending on the availability of funds to make farm dams available for farmers, access to farm dam capacity and winter water allocations as well as increasing water use efficiency are potential adaptation options for the farmers. Improved water management practices that increase the productivity of irrigation water use may provide a significant adaptation potential under future climate.
SHARK-NIR, first results of the commissioning at LBT
Creators: name: Farinato, Jacopo
name: Di Filippo, Simone
name: Baruffolo, Andrea
name: Bergomi, Maria
name: Bianco, Andrea
name: Biondi, Federico
name: Briegel, Florian
name: Carolo, Elena
name: Carlotti, Alexis
name: Chinellato, Simonetta
name: Conrad, Al
name: De Pascale, Marco
name: Dima, Marco
name: D'orazi, Valentina
name: Ertel, Steve
name: Greggio, Davide
name: Guerra, Juan Carlos
name: Henning, Thomas
name: Hill, John
name: Laudisio, Fluvio
name: Lessio, Luigi
name: Lorenzetto, Alessandro
name: Magrin, Demetrio
name: Marafatto, Luca
name: Mesa, Dino
name: Miller, Doug
name: Mohr, Lars
name: Montoya, Manny
name: Power, Jennifer
name: Radakrishnan, Kalyan
name: Ricci, Davide
name: Umbriaco, Gabriele
name: Vassallo, Daniele
name: Viotto, Valentina
name: Taylor, Greg
name: Zanutta, Alessio
name: Antoniucci, Simone
name: Arcidiacono, Carmelo
name: Bacciotti, Francesca
name: Baudoz, Pierre
name: Bongiorno, Angela
name: Close, Laird
name: Esposito, Simone
name: Grenz, Paul
name: Guyon, Olivier
name: Leisenring, Jarron M.
name: Pedichini, Fernando
name: Piazzesi, Roberto
name: Pinna, Enrico
name: Portaluri, Elisa
name: Puglisi, Alfio
name: Ragazzoni, Roberto
name: Rossi, Fabio
name: Shields, Joseph V.
Publisher: name: Proceedings of AO4ELT7 conference 2023 - Editors: Thierry Fusco and Benoit Neichel
Year: 2023
Subjects: LBT
XAO
PYRAMID WFS
CORONAGRAPHY
PLANET FINDING

description: SHARK-NIR is an instrument which provides direct imaging, both coronagraphic and non-coronagraphic and with the possibility to perform dual-band imaging and low-resolution spectroscopy in Y, J and H bands, with the main scientific goal of detecting exoplanets, and characterizing already known planets, young stellar systems, jets and disks. SHARK-NIR takes advantage of the excellent performance of the Large Binocular Telescope AO systems, the wavefront sensors of which have been recently upgraded to SOUL. The latter is delivering a very good performance also at faint magnitude, opening to science otherwise difficult to be achieved, as for example AGN and QSO morphological studies. To fully exploit the just mentioned science cases, binocular observations will be performed using SHARK-NIR in combination with SHARK-VIS (operating in B, V, R and I bands) and LMIRCam of LBTI (operating from K to M bands), in a way to exploit coronagraphic observations in three different wavelengths. The instrument has passed the preliminary acceptance Europe in March 2022, being shipped immediately after at LBT, and re-integrated, installed and characterized daytime in three pre-commissioning run at the telescoped. SHARK-NIR had a very successful first light in January this year, and we will report of the results obtained in the three commissioning runs performed in the first half of 2023.
Electronic Structure and Carrier Mobilities of Twisted Graphene Helix
Creators: name: Thakur, Rajesh
name: Ahluwalia, P. K.
name: Kumar, Ashok
name: Mohan, Brij
name: Sharma, Raman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have investigated the effect of twisting on electronic band structure, effective mass and carrier mobilities of three prototypes of AGNRs (N=6, 7 & 8) using Density functional theory combined with Deformation potential theory and Effective mass approximation. It is shown that the influence of twisted modes electron-phonon interaction is smaller than stretching modes, nonetheless, twisting has a profound effect on effective mass and mobilities. Similar to earlier reported conclusion in which the ideal N=3n wide HAGNR potentially exhibit an electron mobility comparable to intrinsic graphene, we also found that the ideal N=3n+2 HAGNRs hole mobility reside more closely to intrinsic graphene which could be increased further through Fluorine passivation. Thus, the control of the ribbon width along with passivation and extent of deformation are of paramount importance for determining the n-type or p-type of ribbons. Also, because of strong response to torsional strain, the N=8 F passivated AGNRs are the most appropriate for mechanical and high frequency switching. Our results suggest that twisting a ribbon can be considered as a good alternative way for controlled manipulation of the band structure and carrier mobilities for applications in mechanical switching devices.
description: 20 pages, 12 figures, 2 tabels
Tunneling through a multigrain system: deducing the sample topology from the nonlinear conductance
Creators: name: Danilov, Andrey V.
name: Golubev, Dmitrii S.
name: Kubatkin, Sergey E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a current transport through a system of a few grains connected with tunneling links. The exact solution is given for an arbitrarily connected double-grain system with a shared gate in the framework of the orthodox model. The obtained result is generalized for multigrain systems with strongly different tunneling resistances. We analyse the large-scale nonlinear conductance and demonstrate how the sample topology can be unambiguously deduced from the spectroscopy pattern (differential conductance versus gate-bias plot). We present experimental data for a multigrain sample and reconstruct the sample topology. A simple selection rule is formulated to distinguish samples with spectral patterns free from spurious disturbance caused by recharging of some grains nearby. As an example, we demonstrate experimental data with additional peaks in the spectroscopy pattern, which can not be attributed to coupling to additional grains. The described approach can be used to judge the sample topology when it is not guaranteed by fabrication and direct imaging is not possible.
description: 13 pages (including 8 figures)
Determinants of trade: the role of innovation in presence of quality standards
Creators: name: Cipollina, Maria
name: Demaria, Federica
name: Pietrovito, Filomena
name: Cipollina, Maria
name: Demaria, Federica
name: Pietrovito, Filomena
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: International Development
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Non-tariff measures
subject: Innovation
subject: Gravity model
subject: Trade policies
subject: Trade flows
subject: Mesures non tarifaires
subject: Modèle de gravité
subject: Politiques commerciales
subject: Flux commerciaux

description: This paper analyses the role that quality standards and innovation play on trade volume, by using a gravity model. The role of innovative activity and quality standards in enhancing trade performance is widely accepted in the literature. However, in this paper, we argue that the net effect of quality standards on trade depends on the producers’ ability to innovate and comply with these requirements. In particular, by using a sample of 60 exporting countries and 57 importing countries, for a wide range of 26 manufacturing industries over the period 1995-2000, we show that the most innovative sectors are more likely to enhance the overall quality of exports, and then gain a competitive advantage. We also find that this effect depends on the level of technology intensity at sector-level and on the level of economic development of exporting country.
Additional file 3 of Diminished expression of major histocompatibility complex facilitates the use of human induced pluripotent stem cells in monkey
Creators: name: Wang, Xiaokai
name: Lu, Meng
name: Tian, Xiaoyu
name: Ren, Yansong
name: Li, Yijun
name: Xiang, Meng
name: Chen, Sifeng
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 3: Figure S3. Timeline of the study.
Does Dutch Disease Hit Mongolia?
Creators: name: Ge, Wei
name: Kinnucan, Henry
name: Ge, Wei
name: Kinnucan, Henry
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Dutch disease
subject: agriculture
subject: mining
subject: Mongolia

description: Mongolia is a comparatively small country in the world and the limited domestic demand makes it rely on the trade with other countries. In recent years, Mongolia’s extensive mineral deposits and attendant growth in mining-sector activities have transformed Mongolia’s economy which traditionally has been dependent on herding and agriculture. An equilibrium displacement model based on the macro-economy conditions in Mongolia is conducted to test whether the development of the mining sector has come at the expense of the agricultural sector, as suggested by the “Dutch Disease” hypothesis. Base on the classic economic model developed by Corden and Neary (1982) to describe Dutch Disease: in an open small economy (Mongolia), the booming tradable sector (mining) would suppress the lagging or non-booming sector (agriculture). How the booming mining industry affects the traditional agriculture industry (including grazing) is the main point of this paper.
Electrodynamics of Outer-Gap Accelerator: Formation of Soft Power-law Spectrum Between 100 MeV and 3 GeV
Creators: name: Hirotani, Kouichi
name: Harding, Alice K.
name: Shibata, Shinpei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate a stationary pair production cascade in the outer magnetosphere of a spinning neutron star. The charge depletion due to global flows of charged particles, causes a large electric field along the magnetic field lines. Migratory electrons and/or positrons are accelerated by this field to radiate gamma-rays via curvature and inverse-Compton processes. Some of such gamma-rays collide with the X-rays to materialize as pairs in the gap. The replenished charges partially screen the electric field, which is self-consistently solved together with the energy distribution of particles and gamma-rays at each point along the field lines. By solving the set of Maxwell and Boltzmann equations, we demonstrate that an external injection of charged particles at nearly Goldreich-Julian rate does not quench the gap but shifts its position and that the particle energy distribution cannot be described by a power-law. The injected particles are accelerated in the gap and escape from it with large Lorentz factors. We show that such escaping particles migrating outside of the gap contribute significantly to the gamma-ray luminosity for young pulsars and that the soft gamma-ray spectrum between 100 MeV and 3 GeV observed for the Vela pulsar can be explained by this component. We also discuss that the luminosity of the gamma-rays emitted by the escaping particles is naturally proportional to the square root of the spin-down luminosity.
description: Accepted to Astroph. J, 25 pages, 13 figures
Additional file 1 of Refining α-synuclein seed amplification assays to distinguish Parkinson’s disease from multiple system atrophy
Creators: name: Wiseman, James A.
name: Turner, Clinton P.
name: Faull, Richard L. M.
name: Halliday, Glenda M.
name: Dieriks, Birger Victor
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: Biophysics
Biochemistry
Medicine
Cell Biology
Neuroscience
Pharmacology
Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Table S1. Case information for human brain tissue used in this study. Table S2. Summary of statistics for each MSA-P vs MSA-C comparison for each region. Table S3. Concentration-dependent proteolytic digestion values for each region across individual PD and MSA cases. Table S4. Comparison of RT-QuIC aggregation kinetics between PD brain tissue regions and PD CSF samples. Figure S1. Representative RT-QuIC amplification curves from neurologically normal control brain tissue. Figure S2. Flow chart detailing the key aspects involved in optimising the RT-QuIC and PK digestion workflow. Figure S3. MSA patient-derived α-Syn seeding activity maintains robust insensitivity to dilutions in the initial seed concentration, whereas PD patient-derived α-Syn seeding capacity was considerably reduced at lower initial seed concentrations. Figure S4. Regional comparison of lag phase and AUC in PD and MSA. Figure S5. Case-specific comparison of lag phase and AUC in PD and MSA. Figure S6. Comparison of AUC between PD and MSA. Figure S7. Representative RT-QuIC amplification curves for individual triplicate repeats across common PD and MSA regions. Figure S8. Comparison of maximum relative fluorescence between MSA-P and MSA-C. Figure S9. Conformational profiles of PD patient-derived α-Syn following PK digestion. Figure S10. Conformational profiles of MSA patient-derived α-Syn following PK digestion.
Limit theorems for integrated trawl processes with symmetric Lévy bases
Creators: name: Talarczyk, Anna
name: Treszczotko, Łukasz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60G51

description: We study long time behavior of integrated trawl processes introduced by Barndorff-Nielsen. The trawl processes form a class of stationary infinitely divisible processes, described by an infinitely divisible random measure (Lévy base) and a family of shifts of a fixed set (trawl). We assume that the Lévy base is symmetric and homogeneous and that the trawl set is determined by the trawl function that decays slowly. Depending on the geometry of the trawl set and on the Lévy measure corresponding to the Lévy base we obtain various types of limits in law of the normalized integrated trawl processes for large times. The limit processes are always stable and self-similar with stationary increments. In some cases they have independent increments - they are stable Lévy processes where the index of stability depends on the parameters of the model. We show that stable limits with stability index smaller than 2 may appear even in cases when the underlying Lévy base has all its moments finite. In other cases, the limit process has dependent increments and it may be considered as a new extension of fractional Brownian motion to the class of stable processes.
description: 26 pages, four figures
Tenapanor: First Approval
Creators: name: Markham, Anthony
Publisher: name: Adis Journals
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 110307 Gastroenterology and Hepatology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 110312 Nephrology and Urology

description: Compliance with Ethical Standards
Funding: The preparation of this review was not supported by any external funding.
Conflict of interest:  During the peer review process the manufacturer of the agent under review was offered an opportunity to comment on the article. Changes resulting from any comments received were made by the authors on the basis of scientific completeness and accuracy. A. Markham, a contracted employee of Adis International Ltd/Springer Nature, is responsible for the article content and declares no relevant conflicts of interest.
Additional information about this Adis Drug Review can be found here

AbstractThe selective sodium hydrogen exchanger 3 (NHE3) inhibitor tenapanor is being developed by Ardelyx Inc. for the treatment of constipation-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-C) [under the tradename IBSRELA®] and for hyperphosphataemia in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) on dialysis or with end stage renal disease (ESRD). Based on positive results from the phase III T3MPO trial program, tenapanor was recently approved in the USA for the treatment of IBS-C in adults. This article summarises the milestones in the development of tenapanor leading to this first approval.
© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2019
Heterocorixa minuta Nieser 1970
Creators: name: Moreira, Felipe Ferraz Figueiredo
name: Barbosa, Julianna Freires
name: Ribeiro, José Ricardo Inacio
name: Alecrim, Viviani Pereira
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Corixidae
Heterocorixa
Heterocorixa minuta

description: Heterocorixa minuta Nieser, 1970
Geographical distribution: Brazil.
Distribution in Brazil: North Region (AM) (Nieser 1970a, 1975).
description: Published as part of Moreira, Felipe Ferraz Figueiredo, Barbosa, Julianna Freires, Ribeiro, José Ricardo Inacio & Alecrim, Viviani Pereira, 2011, Checklist and distribution of semiaquatic and aquatic Heteroptera (Gerromorpha and Nepomorpha) occurring in Brazil 2958, pp. 1-74 in Zootaxa 2958 (1) on page 35, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2958.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5281851
A narrative review of running wearable measurement system accuracy and reliability: can we make running shoe prescription objective?
Creators: name: Blazey, Paul
name: Michie, Tom V.
name: Napier, Christopher
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Running shoe prescription is based upon outdated paradigms, foremost the idea that correcting or preventing overpronation is desirable when attempting to prevent injury. Poor shoe prescription has the potential to affect an individual’s performance and may lead to injury and withdrawal from a potentially lifelong healthful pursuit. In this systematic narrative review, we consider the evidence (validity and reliability) for implementing two types of wearable device: instrumented ‘pressure sensing’ insoles and inertial measurement units (IMUs) to assess biomechanical data. The review summarizes existing data on the selection and placement, ability to capture kinetic and kinematic data effectively, and the limitations of both IMUs and pressure sensitive insoles for in-field measurement. We found that wearable devices have demonstrated an excellent level of reliability with some also showing good to excellent levels of validity to measure markers of potential interest in a future shoe prescription context. Further work is required to confirm which kinematic and/or kinetic measurements offer the greatest insight to individuals selecting their favoured shoe. Finally, we propose an objective alternative to the current shoe prescription rhetoric, based upon objective data collection using a wearable device.
Assessing the Impact of Fresh Vegetable Growers’ Risk Aversion Levels and Risk Preferences on the Probability of Adopting Marketing Contracts: A Bayesian Approach
Creators: name: Vassalos, Michael
name: Li, Yingbo
name: Vassalos, Michael
name: Li, Yingbo
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Farm Management
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: marketing contracts
subject: risk management
subject: Bayesian ordered probit

description: One of the most frequently cited theoretical statements to explain the use of contractual arrangements is that risk drives the choice of contracts. However, there is limited empirical support for this argument. A Bayesian ordered probit formulation is used in this study to determine the importance of fresh vegetable producers’ and farm operation characteristics on the probability of adopting marketing contracts. The findings of the study indicate that younger farmers, with larger farm size and with the ability to expand their operations are more likely to participate in marketing contract agreements. On the other hand, the results do not support the risk shifting hypothesis.
description: The IFAMR is published quarterly by the International Food and Agribusiness Management Association (www.ifama.org)
Energy conditions for a $T^2$ wormhole at the center
Creators: name: Dzhunushaliev, Vladimir
name: Folomeev, Vladimir
name: Kleihaus, Burkhard
name: Kunz, Jutta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Within general relativity, we determine the energy conditions needed for the existence of a toroidal $T^2$ wormhole. For this purpose, we employ the conditions of the positiveness of the second derivatives of the relevant components of the metric, which describe an increase in the linear sizes (or the area) of the cross section of the throat. The corresponding inequalities for the central energy density and pressures of the matter and for the metric are obtained.
description: 9 pages
Unsupervised generative and graph representation learning for modelling cell differentiation
Creators: name: Bica, Ioana
name: Andrés-Terré, Helena
name: Cvejic, Ana
name: Liò, Pietro
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Article
/631/114/2397
/631/114/1305
/631/114/2415
/38
/45/91
/45/100
/119
/129
article

description: Abstract: Using machine learning techniques to build representations from biomedical data can help us understand the latent biological mechanism of action and lead to important discoveries. Recent developments in single-cell RNA-sequencing protocols have allowed measuring gene expression for individual cells in a population, thus opening up the possibility of finding answers to biomedical questions about cell differentiation. In this paper, we explore unsupervised generative neural methods, based on the variational autoencoder, that can model cell differentiation by building meaningful representations from the high dimensional and complex gene expression data. We use disentanglement methods based on information theory to improve the data representation and achieve better separation of the biological factors of variation in the gene expression data. In addition, we use a graph autoencoder consisting of graph convolutional layers to predict relationships between single-cells. Based on these models, we develop a computational framework that consists of methods for identifying the cell types in the dataset, finding driver genes for the differentiation process and obtaining a better understanding of relationships between cells. We illustrate our methods on datasets from multiple species and also from different sequencing technologies.
Quantized Adiabatic Charge Transport in a Carbon Nanotube
Creators: name: Talyanskii, V. I.
name: Novikov, Dmitry
name: Simons, B. D.
name: Levitov, L. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The coupling of a metallic Carbon nanotube to a surface acoustic wave (SAW) is proposed as a vehicle to realize quantized adiabatic charge transport in a Luttinger liquid system. We demonstrate that electron backscattering by a periodic SAW potential, which results in miniband formation, can be achieved at energies near the Fermi level. Electron interaction, treated in a Luttinger liquid framework, is shown to enhance minigaps and thereby improve current quantization. Quantized SAW induced current, as a function of electron density, changes sign at half-filling.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures
Employee Perceptions and Expectations of Online Marketing Service Quality: An Investigation of Farmers’ Associations in Taiwan
Creators: name: Chen, Chao-Chien
name: Yueh, Hsiu-Ping
name: Liang, Chaoyun
name: Chen, Chao-Chien
name: Yueh, Hsiu-Ping
name: Liang, Chaoyun
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: employee
subject: farmers’ association
subject: online marketing
subject: service quality
subject: SERVQUAL

description: Numerous agribusiness firms have aimed to improve their service quality to build profitable relationships with customers. Prior research has indicated that employee satisfaction could create customer loyalty, yielding favorable business results. According to previous studies, the SERVQUAL scale was used in this study to investigate the relationship between the expectations and perceptions of farmers’ association employees in Taiwan. The results indicated that the largest gap between employee expectations and perceptions pertained to the tangibility of service quality, followed by reliability, empathy, responsiveness, and assurance. In addition, the results suggested that perceived responsiveness could influence expected tangibility, and that expected empathy could influence perceived assurance and empathy. To achieve higher profitability, farmers’ associations should focus on low-performing areas, and the overall value of an organization should be vital to employees.
description: The IFAMR is published quarterly by the International Food and Agribusiness Management Association (www.ifama.org)
191014-Bergen-honorary-doctorate.pdf
Creators: name: Gluckman, Peter
Publisher: name: The University of Auckland
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 160805 Social Change
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 160699 Political Science not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Political science

description: Sir Peter Gluckman's speech on Science in a global perspective – challenges ahead, on the occasion of being awarded an Honorary Doctorate by the University of Bergen, Norway.