cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Low Loss Metamaterials Based on Classical Electromagnetically Induced Transparency
Creators: name: Tassin, Ph.
name: Zhang, Lei
name: Koschny, Th.
name: Economou, E. N.
name: Soukoulis, C. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate theoretically that electromagnetically induced transparency can be achieved in metamaterials, in which electromagnetic radiation is interacting resonantly with mesoscopic oscillators rather than with atoms. We describe novel metamaterial designs that can support full dark resonant state upon interaction with an electromagnetic beam and we present results of its frequency-dependent effective permeability and permittivity. These results, showing a transparency window with extremely low absorption and strong dispersion, are confirmed by accurate simulations of the electromagnetic field propagation in the metamaterial.
Students Struggle to Explain Their Own Program Code
Creators: name: Lehtinen, Teemu
name: Lukkarinen, Aleksi
name: Haaranen, Lassi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We asked students to explain the structure and execution of their small programs after they had submitted them to a programming exercise. These questions about learner's code (QLCs) were delivered at three occasions in an online and open course in introductory programming as a part of the digital learning material. We make inductive content analysis to research the open-ended text answers we collected. One third of the students struggled to explain their own program code. This estimates possible occurrences of fragile learning at the moment when a student seemingly succeeds in a program writing exercise. Furthermore, we examine correlations between the correctness of the answers with other learning data. Our results indicate that answering properly aligned QLCs correctly has stronger correlation with student success and retention than merely submitting a correct program. Additionally, we present observations on learning event-driven programming to explore QLCs' potential in identifying students' thinking process.
description: Accepted manuscript for ITiCSE'21
Validation of spallation neutron production and propagation within Geant4
Creators: name: Marino, M. G.
name: Detwiler, J. A.
name: Henning, R.
name: Johnson, R. A.
name: Schubert, A. G.
name: Wilkerson, J. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using simulations to understand backgrounds from muon-induced neutrons is important in designing next-generation low-background underground experiments. Validation of relevant physics within the Geant4 simulation package has been completed by comparing to data from two recent experiments. Verification focused on the production and propagation of neutrons at energies important to underground experiments. Discrepancies were observed between experimental data and the simulation. Techniques were explored to correct for these discrepancies.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures, 5 tables, submitted to NIM A. 6 Aug 2007
Le utopie urbane e la forma della città
Creators: name: Orsini, Filippo
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2006

description: Questa ricerca vuole tentare di muoversi nello stretto e difficile campo di confine, nella fascia di soglia, in sé paradossale, tra l’utopia, intesa come creazione di modelli di prefigurazione urbane, e la realtà della città contemporanea, per trovarne eventuali punti di contatto;
Cercare di studiare il “rapporto tra la realtà dei singoli fatti urbani ed utopie urbane” per comprendere il “continuo processo di influenze, di scambi, spesso di contrapposizioni tra i fatti urbani quali si concretizzano nella città e le proposte ideali. “ ; provare ad esperire la “reciproca contaminazione tra pensiero utopico e riflessioni morfologiche e progettuali” per stabilire delle regole di costruzione. In pratica utilizzare l’utopia per comprendere meglio la realtà della città contemporanea.
Bousso entropy bound for ideal gas of massive particles
Creators: name: Gersl, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Bousso entropy bound is investigated for static spherically symmetric configurations of ideal gas with Bose-Einstein and Fermi-Dirac distribution function. Gas of massive particles is considered. The paper is continuation of the previous work concerning the massless case. Special attention is devoted to lightsheets generated by spheres. Conditions under which the Bousso bound can be violated are discussed and it is shown that a possible violating region cannot be arbitrarily large and that it is contained inside a sphere of unit Planck radius if the number of independent spin states $g_s$ is small enough. It is also shown that the central temperature must exceed the Planck temperature in order to get a violation of the Bousso bound for $g_s$ not too large. The situation for higher-dimensional spacetimes is also discussed and the FMW conditions are investigated.
description: 16 pages, 9 figures
Prospects for detecting exoplanets around double white dwarfs with LISA and Taiji
Creators: name: Kang, Yacheng
name: Liu, Chang
name: Shao, Lijing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, Tamanini & Danielski (2019) discussed the possibility to detect circumbinary exoplanets (CBPs) orbiting double white dwarfs (DWDs) with the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA). Extending their methods and criteria, we discuss the prospects for detecting exoplanets around DWDs not only by LISA, but also by Taiji, a Chinese space-borne gravitational-wave (GW) mission which has a slightly better sensitivity at low frequencies. We first explore how different binary masses and mass ratios affect the abilities of LISA and Taiji to detect CBPs. Second, for certain known detached DWDs with high signal-to-noise ratios, we quantify the possibility of CBP detections around them. Third, based on the DWD population obtained from the Mock LISA Data Challenge, we present basic assessments of the CBP detections in our Galaxy during a 4-year mission time for LISA and Taiji. We discuss the constraints on the detectable zone of each system, as well as the distributions of the inner/outer edge of the detectable zone. Based on the DWD population, we further inject two different planet distributions with an occurrence rate of $50\%$ and constrain the total detection rates. We finally briefly discuss the prospects for detecting habitable CBPs around DWDs with a simplified model. These results can provide helpful inputs for upcoming exoplanetary projects and help analyze planetary systems after the common envelope phase.
description: 14 pages, 7 figures, 3 tables; accepted by AJ
Collisional Growth and Fragmentation of Dust Aggregates with Low Mass Ratios. I: Critical Collision Velocity for Water Ice
Creators: name: Hasegawa, Yukihiko
name: Suzuki, Takeru K.
name: Tanaka, Hidekazu
name: Kobayashi, Hiroshi
name: Wada, Koji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigated fundamental processes of collisional sticking and fragmentation of dust aggregates by carrying out N-body simulations of submicron-sized icy dust monomers. We examined the condition for collisional growth of two colliding dust aggregates in a wide range of the mass ratio, 1-64. We found that the mass transfer from a larger dust aggregate to a smaller one is a dominant process in collisions with a mass ratio of 2-30 and impact velocity of \approx 30-170 m s^-1. As a result, the critical velocity, v_fra, for fragmentation of the largest body is considerably reduced for such unequal-mass collisions; v_fra of collisions with a mass ratio of 3 is about half of that obtained from equal-mass collisions. The impact velocity is generally higher for collisions between dust aggregates with higher mass ratios because of the difference between the radial drift velocities in the typical condition of protoplanetary disks. Therefore, the reduced v_fra for unequal-mass collisions would delay growth of dust grains in the inner region of protoplanetary disks.
description: 33 pages, 17 figures, 3 tables, accepted for publication in ApJ
Exploring CTC Based End-to-End Techniques for Myanmar Speech Recognition
Creators: name: Chit, Khin Me Me
name: Lin, Laet Laet
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this work, we explore a Connectionist Temporal Classification (CTC) based end-to-end Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) model for the Myanmar language. A series of experiments is presented on the topology of the model in which the convolutional layers are added and dropped, different depths of bidirectional long short-term memory (BLSTM) layers are used and different label encoding methods are investigated. The experiments are carried out in low-resource scenarios using our recorded Myanmar speech corpus of nearly 26 hours. The best model achieves character error rate (CER) of 4.72% and syllable error rate (SER) of 12.38% on the test set.
description: This is a preprint of the chapter: Chit K.M.M., Lin L.L., Exploring CTC Based End-To-End Techniques for Myanmar Speech Recognition, published in Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, vol 1324, edited by Vasant P., Zelinka I., Weber GW., 2021, Springer, Cham reproduced with permission of Springer. The final authenticated version is available at https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-68154-8_87
More about Superparticle Sum Rules in Grand Unified Theories
Creators: name: Kawamura, Yoshiharu
name: Kinami, Teppei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Sum rules among superparticle masses are derived under the assumption that models beyond the MSSM are four-dimensional supersymmetric grand unified theories or five-dimensional supersymmetric orbifold grand unified theories. Sfermion sum rules are classified into four types and those sum rules can be useful probes of the MSSM and beyond.
description: 40 pages, footnote in 2.3 and references added
Constant volume friction angle of granular materials
Creators: name: Wijewickreme, Dharmapriya
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The postulate that the constant volume friction angle Φ[sub cv] of a granular material is unique is verified experimentally. The constant volume friction angle of a wide spectrum of granular granular materials is measured using the ring shear device, enabling the material to be sheared to large, in fact unlimited strains at which 0cv is mobilized. Granular materials tested were composed of particles ranging from minerals to metals. The effects of confining pressure, initial packing density, particle size, gradation and particle shape on the value of Φ[sub cv] are studied. The possible influence of the presence of pore water is also investigated. The test results indicate that for a given material, Φ[sub cv] is independent of confining pressure, initial packing density and particle size. Neither particle crushing nor change in shape of the particle had any noticeable effect on the observed value of Φ[sub cv]. These experimental results suggest that the constant volume friction angle is a fundamental property of a granular material which is dependent only on the mineral constituency of the material. A comparison of Φ[sub cv] and the friction angle mobilized at the point of maximum contraction in drained shear (a transient constant volume state) as well as the friction angle mobilized at phase transformation state in undrained shear (a transient constant pore pressure state) is also made, in an attempt to seek a broader fundamental significance of Φ[sub cv].
Wide-angle perfect absorber/thermal emitter in the THz regime
Creators: name: Diem, Marcus
name: Koschny, Thomas
name: Soukoulis, Costas M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that a perfect absorber/thermal emitter exhibiting an absorption peak of 99.9% can be achieved in metallic nanostructures that can be easily fabricated. The very high absorption is maintained for large angles with a minimal shift in the center frequency and can be tuned throughout the visible and near-infrared regime by scaling the nanostructure dimensions. The stability of the spectral features at high temperatures is tested by simulations using a range of material parameters.
description: Submitted to Phys. Rev. Lett
Jet-breaks in the X-ray Light-Curves of Swift GRB Afterglows
Creators: name: Panaitescu, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the set of 236 GRB afterglows observed by Swift between January 2005 and March 2007, we identify 30 X-ray light-curves whose power-law fall-off exhibit a steepening ("break") at 0.1-10 day after trigger, to a decay steeper than t^{-1.5}. For most of these afterglows, the X-ray spectral slope and the decay indices before and after the break can be accommodated by the standard jet model although a different origin of the breaks cannot be ruled out. In addition, there are 27 other afterglows whose X-ray light-curves may also exhibit a late break to a steep decay, but the evidence is not that compelling. The X-ray emissions of 38 afterglows decay slower than t^{-1.5} until after 3 day, half of them exhibiting such a slow decay until after 10 day. Therefore, the fraction of well-monitored Swift afterglows with potential jet-breaks is around 60 percent, whether we count only the strongest cases for each type or all of them. This fraction is comparable to the 75 percent of pre-Swift afterglows whose optical light-curves displayed similar breaks at ~1 day. The properties of the prompt emission of Swift afterglows with light-curve breaks show the same correlations (peak energy of GRB spectrum with the burst isotropic output and with burst collimated output) as previously found for pre-Swift optical afterglows with light-curve breaks (the Amati and Ghirlanda relations, respectively). However, we find that Ghirlanda relation is largely a consequence of Amati's and that the use of the jet-break time leads to a stronger Ghirlanda correlation only when the few outliers to the Amati relation are included.
description: 7 pages, accepted by MNRAS, afterglows with lower limits on jet-break time added to Amati & Ghirlanda relations
D6.3 Quality Assurance Plan
Creators: name: Schroeder, Doris
name: Stahl, Bernd
Publisher: name: De Montfort University
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 80609 Information Systems Management
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The SHERPA consortium is committed to achieving high-quality Deliverables. This is particularly important in publicly funded projects. This Quality Assurance (QA) Plan describes the procedures that have been agreed by the SHERPA Consortium.
The Agriculture of Morocco: Programs, Progress, Prospects
Creators: name: Holm, Henrietta M.
name: Holm, Henrietta M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1961
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Crop Production/Industries
International Development
International Relations/Trade
Labor and Human Capital
Land Economics/Use
Livestock Production/Industries

description: Excerpts from the report Summary: Practically all of Morocco's most productive land lies in the areas that were, until 5 years ago, under the French and Spanish protectorates. In the vicinity of Tangier, agriculture is negligible; in the Saharan south, it comprises scattered plantings, mainly of barley, and a precarious form of animal husbandry. Both activities are severely limited by scarcity of water. About one-fifth of Morocco is cultivated or lies fallow. Another fifth is in grazing land. However, grazing also takes place on land in alfa (esparto) grass stubble and in crop residues and on fallow and part of the land in forests. About 21 million acres are estimated to be potentially useful, although not presently devoted to agricultural production. The Moroccan Government hopes to build a new agricultural economy in which traditional farming may be speedily transformed into a largely Moroccanized modem farming sector. The Government plans to redistribute and consolidate land, implement Operation Plow (Operation Labour), which stresses cooperative farming under modem methods, extend irrigation, and step up programs for reforestation, soil conservation, and livestock improvement. Efforts are being made to diversify production, to reduce imports by producing more crops for home consumption, and to increase exports of farm goods.
Semitopological modules
Creators: name: Banakh, Taras
name: Ravsky, Alex
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: General Topology (math.GN)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 54C10, 46A16, 46A19, 16W80

description: Given a topological ring $R$, we study semitopological $R$-modules, construct their completions, Bohr and borno modifications. For every topological space $X$, we construct the free (semi)topological $R$-module over $X$ and prove that for a $k$-space $X$ its free semitopological $R$-module is a topological $R$-module. Also we construct a Tychonoff space $X$ whose free semitopological $R$-module is not a topological $R$-module.
description: 15 pages
Transversity and T-odd PDFs from Drell-Yan processes with $pp$, $pD$ and $DD$ collisions
Creators: name: Sissakian, A.
name: Shevchenko, O.
name: Nagaytsev, A.
name: Ivanov, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We estimate the single-spin asymmetries (SSA) which provide the access to transversity as well as to Boer-Mulders and Sivers PDFs via investigation of the single-polarized Drell-Yan (DY) processes with $ pp$, $pD$ and $DD$ collisions available to RHIC, NICA, COMPASS, and J-PARC. The feasibility of these SSA is studied with the new generator of polarized DY events. The performed estimations demonstrate that there exist the such kinematical regions where SSA are presumably measurable. The most useful for PDFs extraction are the limiting kinematical ranges, where one can neglect the sea PDFs contributions which occur at large values of Bjorken x. It is of interest that on the contrary to the Sivers PDF, the transversity PDF is presumably accessible only in the especial kinematical region. On the contrary to the option with the symmetric collider mode (RHIC, NICA), this is of importance for the COMPASS experiment and the future J-PARC facility where the fixed target mode is available.
Reconsidering maximum luminosity
Creators: name: Jowsey, Aden
name: Visser, Matt
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The suggestion that there is a maximum luminosity (maximum power) in nature has a long and somewhat convoluted history. Though this idea is commonly attributed to Freeman Dyson, he was actually much more circumspect in his views. What is certainly true is that dimensional analysis shows that the speed of light and Newton's constant of gravitation can be combined to define a quantity P_* = c^5/G_N with the dimensions of luminosity (equivalently, power). Then in any physical situation we must have P_{physical} =$\wp$ P_*, where the quantity $\wp$ is some dimensionless function of dimensionless parameters. This has lead some authors to suggest a maximum luminosity/maximum power conjecture. Working within the framework of standard general relativity, we will re-assess this conjecture, paying particular attention to the extent to which various examples and counter-examples are physically reasonable. We focus specifically on Vaidya spacetimes, and on an evaporating version of Schwarzschild's constant density star. For both of these spacetimes luminosity can be arbitrarily large. We argue that any luminosity bound must depend on delicate internal features of the radiating object.
description: 11 Pages. This essay was awarded an honourable mention in the 2021 Gravity Research Foundation essay contest
Transcultural Encounters between Asia and Africa: Experiencing ‘otherness’ through the arts in Seoul and Nairobi
Creators: name: Dziedzic Wright, Kristina
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2021
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Development scholars and practitioners have comparatively studied South Korea and Kenya because they had the same GDP in the 1960s, but South Korea has since developed into one of the world’s top fifteen economies and was the first aid recipient in the OECD to become a donor nation. A significant portion of South Korea’s humanitarian aid budget is now devoted to Africa, and the Korean government’s strategy for African development focuses on advancing the arts and culture as a means of exerting ‘soft power.’ In addition to this bilateral aid from the government, Korean businesses are seeking new investment opportunities in many African countries, including Kenya. Korea is just one of the so-called ‘Asian Tiger’ economies that have mainly followed China’s lead to promote domestic economic growth in emerging markets. As Asian economic entanglements increase exponentially throughout Africa, new opportunities for cultural contact are arising. However, many Kenyans remain suspicious of what they perceive as neo-colonial endeavours on the part of Asian corporations and governments while the general South Korean population tends to have limited understandings of Africa that rely on largely negative stereotypes. Through comparative case studies in Seoul and Nairobi, this thesis examines how the arts can foster transcultural exchange between seemingly disparate groups of people as contact between Asia and Africa increases. Research methods include a combination of case studies, narrative enquiry and qualitative interviews with artists, curators, arts administrators and other cultural practitioners. Analysis of specific art exhibitions, a public festival and an institutional case study in each city demonstrate that the arts can construct and reflect converging national and global identities as well as be a means to negotiate and understand cultural differences. While analysis focuses specifically on South Korea and Kenya as microcosms, the issues identified in this study resonate with wider debates concerning the role of art museums relative to migration, globalisation and multiculturalism.
Asteroseismic Fingerprints of Stellar Mergers
Creators: name: Rui, Nicholas Z.
name: Fuller, Jim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Stellar mergers are important processes in stellar evolution, dynamics, and transient science. However, it is difficult to identify merger remnant stars because they cannot easily be distinguished from single stars based on their surface properties. We demonstrate that merger remnants can potentially be identified through asteroseismology of red giant stars using measurements of the gravity mode period spacing together with the asteroseismic mass. For mergers that occur after the formation of a degenerate core, remnant stars have over-massive envelopes relative to their cores, which is manifested asteroseismically by a g~mode period spacing smaller than expected for the star's mass. Remnants of mergers which occur when the primary is still on the main sequence or whose total mass is less than $\approx\! 2 \, M_\odot$ are much harder to distinguish from single stars. Using the red giant asteroseismic catalogs of Vrard et al. 2016 and Yu et al. 2018, we identify $24$ promising candidates for merger remnant stars. In some cases, merger remnants could also be detectable using only their temperature, luminosity, and asteroseismic mass, a technique that could be applied to a larger population of red giants without a reliable period spacing measurement.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures, 1 table, submitted to MNRAS
Small Solutions to the Large Telescope Problem: A Massively Replicated MEMS Spectrograph
Creators: name: Konidaris, Nicholas
name: Kubby, Joel
name: Sheinis, Andrew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In traditional seeing-limited observations the spectrograph aperture scales with telescope aperture, driving sizes and costs to enormous proportions. We propose a new solution to the seeing-limited spectrograph problem. A massively fiber-sliced configuration feeds a set of small diffraction-limited spectrographs. We present a prototype, tunable, J-band, diffraction grating, designed specifically for Astronomical applications: The grating sits at the heart of a spectrograph, no bigger than a few inches on a side. Throughput requirements dictate using tens-of-thousands of spectrographs on a single 10 to 30 meter telescope. A full system would cost significantly less than typical instruments on 10m or 30m telescopes.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures, presented at SPIE Astronomical Telescopes and Instrumentation, 23 - 28 June 2008, Marseille, France. See http://www.ucolick.org/~npk/MEMS for videos
Bispropylurea bridged polysilsesquioxane: A microporous MOF-like material for molecular recognition
Creators: name: Doustkhah, Esmail
name: Tahawy, Rafat
name: Simon, Ulla
name: Tsunoji, Nao
name: Hanaor, Yusuke Ide Dorian A. H.
name: Assadi, M. Hussein N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Microporous organosilicas assembled from polysilsesquioxane (POSS) building blocks are promising materials that are yet to be explored in-depth. Here, we investigate the processing and molecular structure of bispropylurea bridged POSS (POSS-urea), synthesised through the acidic condensation of 1,3-bis(3-(triethoxysilyl)propyl)urea (BTPU). Experimentally, we show that POSS-urea has excellent functionality for molecular recognition toward acetonitrile with an adsorption level of 74 mmol/g, which compares favourably to MOFs and zeolites, with applications in volatile organic compounds (VOC). The acetonitrile adsorption capacity was 132-fold higher relative to adsorption capacity for toluene, which shows the pores are highly selective towards acetonitrile adsorption due to their size and arrangement. Theoretically, our tight-binding density functional and molecular dynamics calculations demonstrated that this BTPU based POSS is microporous with an irregular placement of the pores. Structural studies confirm maximal pore sizes of around 1 nm, with POSS cages possessing an approximate edge length of approximately 3.16 Angstrom
Valutazione della conservabilità in diverse matrici alimentari.
Creators: name: Ceres, Carmela
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2009

description: La crescente richiesta da parte del consumatore di pesce fresco e di nuove preparazioni, a base di prodotti ittici, ha indotto l'industria alimentare a sviluppare tecnologie di conservazione innovative, atte a prolungare la vita commerciale di tali derrate alimentari, la cui materia prima fresca è caratterizzata da un‟elevata deperibilità. La conservazione dei prodotti è legata al mantenimento da parte dell'alimento stesso delle caratteristiche proprie di qualità igienico-sanitaria, commerciale e organolettica. La tecnologia industriale gioca un ruolo importante nella protezione degli alimenti dal deterioramento. Le tecniche di conservazione hanno lo scopo di impedire o rallentare l‟instaurarsi di processi alterativi di diversa natura e rispondere alle attuali esigenze di mercato che richiedono sempre più alimenti pronti. Nei prodotti della pesca, in assenza di una corretta conservazione, si instaurano rapidamente processi batterici, enzimatici e chimici che portano alla perdita delle caratteristiche di freschezza con riduzione della vita commerciale e, in certi casi, all‟insorgenza di rischi sanitari. In questo studio vengono messe in evidenza diverse tecnologie di conservazione, a partire da tecniche di conservazione tradizionali (come la salatura), e la messa a punto di soluzioni di packaging, tra queste il confezionamento in atmosfera modificata (Modified Atmosphere Packaging) e l'uso dell‟ozonizzazione, metodo oggetto di studi e sperimentazioni.
Yu-Shiba-Rusinov states in real metals
Creators: name: von Oppen, Felix
name: Franke, Katharina J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Theoretical descriptions of Yu-Shiba-Rusinov (YSR) states induced by magnetic impurities inside the gap of a superconductor typically rely on a classical spin model or are restricted to spin-1/2 quantum spins. These models fail to account for important aspects of YSR states induced by transition-metal impurities, including the effects of higher quantum spins coupled to several conduction-electron channels, crystal or ligand-field effects, and magnetic anisotropy. We introduce and explore a zero-bandwidth model, which incorporates these aspects, is readily solved numerically, and analytically tractable in several limiting cases. The principal simplification of the model is to neglect Kondo renormalizations of the exchange couplings between impurity spin and conduction electrons. Nevertheless, we find excellent correspondence in those cases, in which we can compare our results to existing numerical-renormalization-group calculations. We apply the model to obtain and understand phase diagrams as a function of pairing strength and magnetic anisotropy as well as subgap excitation spectra. The single-channel case is most relevant for transition-metal impurities embedded into metallic coordination complexes on superconducting substrates, while the multi-channel case models transition-metal adatoms.
description: 23 pages, 10 figures, to appear in Phys. Rev. B
Invariants from classical field theory
Creators: name: Diaz, Rafael
name: Leal, Lorenzo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We introduce a method that generates invariant functions from perturbative classical field theories depending on external parameters. Applying our methods to several field theories such as abelian BF, Chern-Simons and 2-dimensional Yang-Mills theory, we obtain, respectively, the linking number for embedded submanifolds in compact varieties, the Gauss' and the second Milnor's invariant for links in S^3, and invariants under area-preserving diffeomorphisms for configurations of immersed planar curves.
description: 20 pages, 1 figure, to appear in J. Math. Phys
Regular Schwarzschild-like spacetime embedded in a five dimensional bulk
Creators: name: Culetu, Hristu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We take advantage of the Shiromizu et al. covariant formalism to find out the brane properties originating from the five dimensional bulk spacetime. Making a different choice for the conformal factor $e^{-2b(z)}$ compared to Estrada [24], we reach a new solution with a lot of interesting properties, where $b(z) = ln(1/\sqrt{cosh2μz})$. The non-local tensor $E_{ab}$ rooted from the 5-dimensional Riemann tensor gives an anisotropic stress energy tensor on the brane with positive energy density and negative radial pressure. The BH on the brane looks like a black string in the 5-dimensional space, with no singularities of the curvature invariants.
description: 9 pages, no figures, version published in Annals of Physics, 433, 168582 (2021)
Additional file 1 of First malaria in pregnancy followed in Philippine real-world setting: proof-of-concept of probabilistic record linkage between disease surveillance and hospital administrative data
Creators: name: Kinoshita, Takuya
name: Espino, Fe
name: Bunagan, Raymart
name: Lim, Dodge
name: Daga, Chona
name: Parungao, Sabrina
name: Balderian, Aileen
name: Micu, Katherine
name: Laborera, Rutchel
name: Basilio, Ramon
name: Inobaya, Marianette
name: Baquilod, Mario
name: Dy, Melecio
name: Chiba, Hitoshi
name: Matsumoto, Takehiro
name: Nakayama, Takeo
name: Kita, Kiyoshi
name: Hirayama, Kenji
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Distribution of the Overall Levenshtein Scores. Figure S2. refers to the outcome of this procedure.
D6.3 Quality Assurance Plan
Creators: name: Schroeder, Doris
Publisher: name: De Montfort University
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 80609 Information Systems Management
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The SHERPA consortium is committed to achieving high-quality Deliverables. This is particularly important in publicly funded projects. This Quality Assurance (QA) Plan describes the procedures that have been agreed by the SHERPA Consortium.
D3.5 Technical options and interventions report (Full report)
Creators: name: Marchal, Samuel
name: Roshan, Setareh
name: Kirichenko, Alexey
name: Schroeder, Doris
name: Stahl, Bernd
Publisher: name: De Montfort University
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 109999 Technology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies

description: This report presents the second part of the study of model poisoning attacks on models from a popular class of anomaly detection algorithms, focusing on attack mitigation approaches.
What is the impact of exhibition design in  conveying museum objects' cultural significance? – The South Asia  Gallery and 'Tantra' Exhibition at the British Museum
Creators: name: Bhavsar, Kruti
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Museums
subject: exhibition design
subject: Cultural heritage
subject: intangible heritage
subject: Religion
subject: Hinduism
subject: indian arts
subject: tantra
subject: the british museum
subject: religious objects
subject: indian aesthetics
subject: rasa
subject: cultural values

description: This study aims to address the impact of the exhibition design in conveying museum objects' cultural significance through analyzing two British Museum case studies, including the South-Asia Gallery’s permanent display of India and the museum's temporary exhibition — 'Tantra: enlightenment to revolution' (2020-2021), curated by Dr Imma Ramos. This dissertation focuses on the Hindu religious imagery, and broadly, the arts of India. Its major focus is to analyze the issue in focus, through reviewing the existing literature, debates and addressing the research gaps through looking at the exhibition design and curatorial approaches of the chosen case studies from the British Museum.  Its major themes include how museum spaces impact the sacred objects' intentity and functionality, their meanings and interpretations. This is discussed elaborately through focusing on established museology theories and contemporary debates, such as Alper's theory on the 'museum effect', Indian aesthetics or the 'rasa' theory, conventional design approaches, and Greenblatt's groundbreaking work of the exhibition modes. The case studies will focus on various aspects of the display settings with specific examples to give broader contexts and understanding of the Hindu sacred imagery as well as how their intangible qualities are addresses, supressed, completely shunned or ignored. The exhibition design of 'Tantra' presented a comprehensive range of exhibition modes, including the technologically evolved immersive modes of display to decode the multilayered meanings of the Tnatric imagery. This section, in my work, critically explores the exhibition themes and set-ups to provide further insights on Tantra's relevance, display modes and so on. Lastly, the discussion provides further interpretations on these observations and future prospects, ultimately providing contexts of how conventional museum spaces like the South-Asia gallery at the British Museum operate to distort or shun the sacred images’ cultural significance while observations on 'Tantra' can provide great insights to successfully convey these contexts.
PROGETTAZIONE E SINTESI DI PEPTIDI ANTIMICROBICI CORRELATI ALLE TEMPORINE
Creators: name: Malfi, Stefania
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2008

description: Le Temporine sono una classe di peptidi antimicrobici AMPs di particolare interesse farmacologico. Si tratta di peptidamidi lineari basici di 10-14 residui estratti dalla pelle della Rana Temporaria. Rappresentativi di questa famiglia sono la Temporina A (FLPLIGRVLSGIL-NH2) e la Temporina L (FVQWFSKFLGRIL-NH2). La prima, caratterizzata da una carica netta +2 a pH neutro risulta essere attiva solo su Gram-positivi. La seconda, caratterizzata da una carica netta +3 pH neutro, presenta spettro d’azione più ampio ed è attiva anche sui Gram-negativi come la Pseudomonas Aeruginosa e l’E.Coli D21; esercita, inoltre, attività citotossica nei confronti di tre diverse linee cellulari di tumore umano, Hut-78, K-562 e U-937. Contrariamente alla A, la temporina L possiede anche un’attività emolitica verso gli eritrociti [1]. Studi di conformazionali effettuati mediante tecniche avanzate di NMR e computazionali, hanno dimostrato che entrambe, in particolare la L, si strutturano preferenzialmente in una conformazione ad -elica. Al fine di stabilire i requisiti strutturali responsabili dell’attività antibatterica ed emolitica sono state effettuate opportune modifiche dei residui amminoacidici nella sequenza di entrambe le temporine, soffermandosi in particolar modo sulla temporina L. A tale scopo, è stata realizzata una libreria di composti correlati a tali peptidi secondo il classico approccio sintetico in fase solida via Fmoc e la relativa purificazione tramite RP-HPLC preparativo con caratterizzazione mediante RP-HPLC analitico e spettrometria di massa ESI. Sui composti particolarmente interessanti da un punto di vista farmacologico, è stata effettuata l’analisi conformazionale mediante tecniche CD ed NMR in ambienti mimetici di membrane batteriche, SDS, e di membrane zwitterioniche, DPC. Dai risultati ottenuti è stato possibile progettare nuovi analoghi di TA e TL che si sono rivelati particolarmente interessanti ai fini dell’attività farmacologica [2]. Di tutti i peptidi sintetizzati sono stati eseguiti saggi inerenti l’attività antimicrobica ed emolitica, presso il Dipartimento di Scienze Biochimiche dell’Università degli studi di Roma “La Sapienza”. [1] “Temporin L: antimicrobial, haemolytic and cytotoxic acticities, and effects on membrane permeabilization in lipid vesicles”A. C. Rinaldi, M.L. Mangoni, A. Rufo: Biochem. J. (2002) 368, 91-100 [2] “A Different Molecular Mechanism Underlying Antimicrobial and Hemolytic Actions of Temporins A and L”. Carotenuto, A.; Malfi, S.; Saviello, M.R.; Campiglia, P.; Gomez-Monterrey, M.I.; Mangoni, M.L.; Marcellini Hercolani Gaddi, M.; Novellino, E.; Grieco, P.J. Med. Chem. (2008). 51, 2354-2362.
Optical dilution and feedback cooling of a gram-scale oscillator to 6.9 mK
Creators: name: Corbitt, Thomas
name: Wipf, Christopher
name: Bodiya, Timothy
name: Ottaway, David
name: Sigg, Daniel
name: Smith, Nicolas
name: Whitcomb, Stanley
name: Mavalvala, Nergis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on use of a radiation pressure induced restoring force, the optical spring effect, to optically dilute the mechanical damping of a 1 gram suspended mirror, which is then cooled by active feedback (cold damping). Optical dilution relaxes the limit on cooling imposed by mechanical losses, allowing the oscillator mode to reach a minimum temperature of 6.9 mK, a factor of ~40000 below the environmental temperature. A further advantage of the optical spring effect is that it can increase the number of oscillations before decoherence by several orders of magnitude. In the present experiment we infer an increase in the dynamical lifetime of the state by a factor of ~200.
Polarimetric signatures of the photon ring of a black hole that is pierced by a cosmic axion string
Creators: name: Gußmann, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A black hole image contains a bright ring of photons that have closely circled the black hole on their way from the source to the detector. Here, we study the photon ring of a rotating black hole which is pierced by a global hyper-light axion-type cosmic string. We show that the coupling $ϕF \tilde{F}$ between the axion $ϕ$ and the photon can give rise to a unique polarimetric structure of the photon ring. The structure emerges due to an Aharonov-Bohm type effect that leads to a change of the polarization directions of linear polarized photons when they circle the black hole. For several parameter choices, we determine concrete polarization patterns in the ring. Measuring these patterns can provide us with a way of determining the value of the coefficient of the mixed anomaly between electromagnetism and the symmetry that gave rise to the cosmic string. Finally, we briefly review a possible formation mechanism of black holes that are pierced by cosmic strings and discuss under which conditions we can expect such objects to be present as supermassive black holes in the center of galaxies.
description: 32 pages
Starbursts in the Local Universe: new HST/ACS observations of the irregular galaxy NGC 4449
Creators: name: Annibali, F.
name: Aloisi, A.
name: Mack, J.
name: Tosi, M.
name: van der Marel, R. P.
name: Angeretti, L.
name: Leitherer, C.
name: Sirianni, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present photometry with the Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS) on the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) of stars in the Magellanic starburst galaxy NGC 4449. The galaxy has been imaged in the F435W (B), F555W (V) and F814W (I) broad-band filters, and in the F658N (Halpha) narrow-band filter. Our photometry includes ~300,000 objects in the (B, V) color-magnitude diagram (CMD) down to V < 28, and ~400,000 objects in the (V, I) CMD, down to I < 27 . A subsample of ~200,000 stars has been photometrized in all the three bands simultaneously. The features observed in the CMDs imply a variety of stellar ages up to at least 1 Gyr, and possibly as old as a Hubble time. The spatial variation of the CMD morphology and of the red giant branch colors point toward the presence of an age gradient: young and intermediate-age stars tend to be concentrated toward the galactic center, while old stars are present everywhere. The spatial variation in the average luminosity of carbon stars suggests that there is not a strong metallicity gradient (< 0.2 dex). Also, we detect an interesting resolved star cluster on the West side of the galaxy, surrounded by a symmetric tidal or spiral feature consisting of young stars. The positions of the stars in NGC 4449 younger than 10 Myr are strongly correlated with the Halpha emission. We derive the distance of NGC 4449 from the tip of the red giant branch to be D=3.82 \pm 0.27 Mpc. This result is in agreement with the distance that we derive from the luminosity of the carbon stars.
description: Final version as accepted for publication in AJ. Artificial star experiments added in new Section 3. Some changes implemented in Section 4
Classical and Quantum Brownian Motion
Creators: name: Tsekov, Roumen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the frames of classical mechanics the generalized Langevin equation is derived for an arbitrary mechanical subsystem coupled to the harmonic bath of a solid. A time-acting temperature operator is introduced for the quantum Klein-Kramers and Smoluchowski equations, accounting for the effect of the quantum thermal bath oscillators. The model of Brownian emitters is theoretically studied and the relevant evolutionary equations for the probability density are derived. The Schrodinger equation is explained via collisions of the target point particles with the quantum force carriers, transmitting the fundamental interactions between the point particles. Thus, electrons and other point particles are no waves and the wavy chapter of quantum mechanics originated for the force carriers. A stochastic Lorentz-Langevin equation is proposed to describe the underlaying Brownian-like motion of the point particles in quantum mechanics. Considering the Brownian dynamics in the frames of the Bohmian mechanics, the density functional Bohm-Langevin equation is proposed, and the relevant Smoluchowski-Bohm equation is derived. A nonlinear master equation is proposed by proper quantization of the classical Klein-Kramers equation. Its equilibrium solution in the exact canonical Gibbs density operator, while the well-known Caldeira-Leggett equation is simply a linearization at high temperature. In the case of a free quantum Brownian particles, a new law for the spreading of the wave packet it discovered, which represents the quantum generalization of the classical Einstein law of Brownian motion. A new projector operator is proposed for the collapse of the wave function of a quantum particle moving in a classical environment. Its application results in dissipative Schrodinger equations, as well as in a new form of dissipative Liouville equation in classical mechanics.
description: Summary of Dissertation submitted for the Degree of Doctor of Science