Mymaridae
Creators: name: Huber, John T.
name: Read, Jennifer D.
name: Triapitsyn, Serguei V.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Mymaridae

description: Key to Nearctic genera of Mymaridae. Males.
Note: Males are apparently unknown worldwide for Eofoersteria and Platystethynium (Platypatasson). Males are unknown in the Nearctic for Arescon, Eustochus, Litus, and Stephanocampta but are keyed based on features found in extralimital species; the assumption is that when congeneric males in the Nearctic are discovered they will resemble extralimital males in their key features.
1 Antenna consisting of 1 large, swollen segment (flagellum and pedicel reduced and fused with scape); eyeless and wingless; tarsi 1-segmented, consisting only of enlarged, bell-shaped arolium; mouthparts absent (Figs 356–369).................................................................................................. Dicopomorpha Ogloblin
- Antenna normal, with scape, pedicel and flagellum; eyes and usually wings present; tarsi normal, with several segments; mouthparts present.................................................................................... 2
2(1) Tarsi 5-segmented.................................................................................... 3
- Tarsi 4-segmented................................................................................... 16
3(2) Flagellum 11-segmented, without ring-like segments......................................................... 4
- Flagellum at most 10-segmented, sometimes with 1 or 2 ring-like segments (Fig. 191)............................. 10
4(3) Fore wing venation at most about one-third as long as wing................................................... 5
- Fore wing venation longer than half wing length (Figs 146, 275)............................................... 9
5(4) Face with subantennal sulcus between each torulus and mouth margin (Figs 440, 453); pronotum longitudinally divided medially (Figs 445, 551); propodeum at most with 2 longitudinal submedian sulci or carinae (Fig. 38); metasoma with petiole at most about 2× as long as wide but usually much shorter, ring-like, and in lateral view gt 1 only slightly longer than gt 2 ..... 6
- Face without subantennal sulci (Fig. 716); pronotum entire (Fig. 723); propodeum with several carinae in a diamond-like pattern (Figs 723, 740); metasoma with petiole at least 2× as long as wide and gt 1 distinctly longer than gt 2 (Figs 715, 741, 742, 744)................................................................................ Ooctonus Haliday
6(5) Vertex with 3 or 4 setae between lateral ocelli (Fig. 547); pronotum with lobes widely separated medially by membranous area (Fig. 551); dorsellum narrow and strap-like, not longer than lateral panels of metanotum (Fig. 552); propodeum with 2 narrow longitudinal, usually pale submedian lines with minute denticles between them (Fig. 551).............................................................................. Lymaenon Walker (= Gonatocerus litoralis group of authors)
- Vertex with 2 setae between lateral ocelli (Figs 440, 441, 454); pronotum with lobes abutting medially (Fig. 458); dorsellum biconvex, rhomboidal, or triangular, and longer than lateral panels of metanotum (Figs 445, 458); propodeum not as above, without pale submedian lines and denticles between them..................................................... 7
7(6) Head posteriorly divided by curved transverse postgenal sulcus separating dorsal surface from ventral surface (Fig. 441); propodeum with several incomplete, less distinct, longitudinal carinae between 2 submedian carinae (Fig. 445); propodeal spiracle huge (Fig. 445), much larger than pronotal spiracle; gaster more or less produced anteriorly under mesosoma (Fig. 448); fore wing with microtrichia relatively sparse beyond venation, the distance between them mostly equal to or greater than their length (Fig. 450).......................... Gastrogonatocerus Ogloblin (= Gonatocerus membraciphagus group of authors)
- Head posteriorly entire (Fig. 454) or, rarely, with a round or oval postgenal sulcus; propodeum smooth or occasionally rugose between 2 submedian carinae (if present); propodeal spiracle smaller than or subequal to pronotal spiracle (Fig. 459); gaster not (rarely slightly) produced anteriorly under mesosoma; fore wing with microtrichia relatively dense beyond venation, the distance between them mostly less than their length.......................................................... 8
8(7) Fore wing relatively narrow, at least 3.6× as long as wide, rounded apically, with microtrichia almost always uniformly distributed to base of parastigma (Fig. 464); propodeum smooth medially (Fig. 458), occasionally with a median carina......................................................... Gonatocerus Nees (= Gonatocerus sulphuripes group of authors).
- Fore wing relatively wide, less than 3.8× as long as wide, usually somewhat truncated apically with microtrichia usually absent behind venation (Fig. 340) or, if microtrichia present there, not uniformly distributed; propodeum with 2 submedian carinae................................................. Cosmocomoidea Howard (= Gonatocerus ater group of authors)
9(4) Antenna clearly longer than body and each flagellar segment at least 5× as long as wide (Fig. 278); vertex without stemmaticum (pale lines enclosing ocellar triangle) (Fig. 277); fore wing apparently without hypochaeta and with 1 distal macrochaeta..................................................................................... Chrysoctonus Mathot
- Antenna not much longer than body and each flagellar segment at most about 3× as long as wide; vertex with stemmaticum (in photographs, pale lines/sulci enclosing ocellar triangle) (Fig. 152); fore wing with short hypochaeta (sometimes apparently absent) closer to proximal than to distal macrochaeta, and apparently with 2 distal macrochaetae......... Arescon Walker
10(3) Flagellum 8- or 9-segmented........................................................................... 11
- Flagellum 10-segmented, sometimes with fl 2 and occasionally fl 4 small or ring-like (Fig. 191) so appearing 9- or 8-segmented .................................................................................................. 12
11(10) Flagellum 8-segmented; fore wing with posterior margin distinctly excised behind apex of venation.... Alaptus Westwood
- Flagellum 9-segmented; fore wing with posterior margin at most slightly enlarged behind apex of venation.. Litus Haliday Note: males have not yet been recorded from the Nearctic region. Viggiani (1973) described the male of the apparently Holarctic L. cynipseus Haliday. ................................................................................
12(11) Fl 2 and sometimes fl 4 ring-like (Fig. 191); metasoma with short but narrow and distinct petiole (Figs 193, 195–197, 210–214, 238–243, 572, 585–590).............................................................................. 13
- Fl 2 at least as long as wide, about one-third length of remaining segments; metasoma widely attached to mesosoma, the petiole scarcely visible (Figs 376–378).............................................................. Dicopus Enock
13(12) Mandibles each with 2 teeth........................................................................... 14
- Mandibles each apparently with 1 tooth (Figs 203, 562, 578)................................................. 15
14(13) Parastigma with macrochaetae, especially the distal macrochaeta, long and distinct (Fig. 221)................................................................................................ Camptopteroides (Alalinda Huber)
- Parastigma with macrochaetae short and scarcely visible (Fig. 569)........................ Macrocamptoptera Girault
15(14) Fore wing narrow, with a few microtrichia arranged in 1 or 2 rows (Fig. 192); propodeum without lamina.................................................................................................. Camptoptera Foerster
- Fore wing wider, with many, evenly distributed microtrichia (Fig. 916); propodeum with large, whitish (translucent), reticulate sublateral and submedian lamina (Figs 917, 925–928, 930)................................. Stephanocampta Mathot Note: males have not yet been recorded from the Nearctic region.
16(2) Propodeum and gt 1 with large, whitish, reticulate laminae (Figs 859, 860)................ Ptilomymar Annecke & Doutt
- Propodeum and gt 1 without laminae..................................................................... 17
17(16) Metasoma with petiole inconspicuous, the petiole wider than long and at least half as wide as base of gt 1, the metasoma thus often appearing widely attached to mesosoma (petiole sometimes not visible unless metasoma removed).............. 18
- Metasoma distinctly petiolate, the petiole almost always much longer than wide (Figs 24–26, 253, 254), though sometimes only as long as wide, and obviously narrower than gt 1 (Figs 78–83)............................................ 27
18(17) Flagellum 10- or 11-segmented; mandible usually normal in size and shape (Figs 18, 87, 109), rarely very small (Fig. 390a). .................................................................................................. 19
- Flagellum 9-segmented (Figs 500, 509); mandible massive, with long, curved, and serrate dorsal tooth (Fig. 508)................................................................................................ Krokella Huber
19(18) Flagellum 10-segmented (Fig. 286) or apparently so (fl 1 in Anaphes minute, easily overlooked and therefore not counted; the flagellum is actually 11-segmented) (Fig. 130)............................................................. 20
- Flagellum 11-segmented (Fig. 95)....................................................................... 21
20(19) Mandible with 3 teeth, the dorsal one occasionally bifurcated apically (Fig. 126); pronotum entire (Fig. 134); dorsellum well defined (Fig. 131); propodeum sloping relative to scutellum (Fig. 132) and with median longitudinal sulcus (Fig. 131); gt 1 divided by median longitudinal sulcus (Fig. 135).............................................. Anaphes Haliday
- Mandible with 2 teeth, the lower one longer (Fig. 298); pronotum divided medially (Figs 287, 299, 302); dorsellum barely defined (Figs 287, 299); propodeum less strongly sloping relative to scutellum and without median line (Figs 288, 300); gt 1 entire, without median sulcus (Figs 289, 304)...................................................... Cleruchus Enock
21(19) Scape with numerous short spines on inner surface (Fig. 685)................................. Omyomymar Schauff
- Scape without spines on inner surface.................................................................... 22
22(21) Frenum completely divided by distinct, median longitudinal sulcus (Figs 90, 102, 103, 114, 891, 985, 1001)............ 23
- Frenum entire (Figs 395a, 407)......................................................................... 25
23(22) Face with subantennal sulcus extending from inner margin of each torulus to mouth margin (Figs 885, 897, 991, 995); mandible with 4 or 5 teeth (Figs 902, 1000); frenum distinctly longer than half its width (Figs 891, 903, 985, 1001).............. 24
- Face without subantennal sulci (Figs 87, 104); mandible with 3 teeth; frenum about as long as half its width (Figs 90, 102, 114)................................................................................. Anagrus Haliday
24(23) Scutellum brown; genitalia symmetrical and simple (Fig. 896)............................. Schizophragma Ogloblin
- Scutellum pale yellow (Figs 985, 986); genitalia asymmetrical and complex (Figs 993b, 1010)........ Stethynium Enock
25(22) Mandible a minute stub without teeth (Fig. 390); maxilla narrow and much longer than wide (Fig. 391); dorsellum in lateral view projecting slightly as small triangular lobe over propodeum (Figs 395a, 396)................... Erythmelus Enock
- Mandible of normal size, with at least 2 teeth; maxilla of normal size; dorsellum at most faint and band-like, in lateral view not projecting over propodeum (Figs 287, 299, 666)........................................................... 26
26(25) Mandible with 2 teeth (Fig. 298); pronotum divided medially (Figs 287, 299)....................... Cleruchus Enock
- Mandible with 3 teeth; pronotum entire (Fig. 666)........................................ Neostethynium Ogloblin
27(17) Head and mesosoma covered with distinctly raised sculpture (Figs 247–250, 253, 254, 421–425, 427–430)............. 28
- Head and mesosoma at most faintly sculptured, appearing almost smooth....................................... 30
28(27) Flagellum 9-segmented, the two apical segments with wider junction than junctions between more basal segments, thus somewhat club-like (fig. 25 in Huber & Baquero, 2007)........................................... Eustochus Haliday
- Flagellum 10- or 11-segmented, with junction between apical two segments not wider than between more basal segments. 29
29(28) Flagellum 10-segmented; mandibles wide and crossing when closed, with 3 subequal, finely serrated teeth (Figs 247, 263)................................................................................... Caraphractus Walker
- Flagellum 11-segmented; mandibles narrow and mainly directed ventrally, with 1 or 2 apical teeth (Figs 62, 67, 70–72)........................................................................................ Anagroidea Girault
30(27) Face dorsally strongly depressed between eyes (Fig. 957); vertex with large depression outside each ocellus (Fig. 958); mesosomal spiracle closed to anterior apex of notaulus than to dorsal apex of prepectus (Fig. 962); in preserved specimens, wings often crossing each other horizontally and lying flat over body, scissor-like....................... Stephanodes Enock
- Face dorsally at most slightly depressed between eyes; vertex usually flat, at most with small depression (not wider or longer than ocellus) outside each ocellus (Fig. 781); mesosomal spiracle next to dorsal apex of prepectus and far from anterior apex of notaulus; in preserved specimens, wings usually vertical, not crossing each other, extending away from body........... 31
31(30) Fore wing oar-like, with basal half to two-thirds extremely narrow and apex suddenly widened, with apex and sometimes also base of widened area with dark spot (Figs 593, 601, 623, 631); torulus almost touching transverse trabecula (Figs 594, 605, 624, 638).............................................................................................. 32
- Fore wing gradually widening from base to apex and almost always without dark apical spot, though dark transverse band(s) sometimes present (Figs 1, 833); torulus separated from transverse trabecula by at least half diameter of torulus......... 33
32(31) Scape about 2× as long as wide......................................................... Neomymar Crawford
- Scape about 7× as long as wide............................................................... Mymar Curtis
33(31) Propodeum medially with V- shaped carinae (Figs 8, 19); fore wing with some thickened setae on disc and usually with 1 or 2 distinct, transverse, dark-coloured areas (Fig. 7a) but sometimes (almost) uniformly hyaline (Fig. 7b) …................................................................................................ Acmopolynema Ogloblin
- Propodeum smooth or at most with 1 median, longitudinal carina; fore wing without thickened setae and usually without darkcoloured areas...................................................................................... 34
34(33) Metatibia with prominent semi-erect setae at least 3× as long as width of tibia (Fig. 311)........... Cnecomymar Ogloblin
- Metatibia with inconspicuous, subappressed setae at most about as long as width of tibia …......................... 35
35(34) Face without (Fig. 813), or with faint (Fig. 828) subantennal sulcus extending from each torulus to mouth margin........ 36
- Face with distinct subantennal sulcus extending almost from each torulus to mouth margin (Figs 469, 480, 778) …....... 38
36(35) Axillar seta short, extending posteriorly at most one-third length of frenum (Figs 486, 784, 834); body mainly brown or black .................................................................................................. 37
- Axillar seta long, extending to posterior apex of frenum (Fig. 752); body mainly yellow..... Palaeoneura Waterhouse, part
37(36) Face without a pit next to each torulus (Fig. 813) …................................. Polynema (Polynema Haliday)
- Face with a pit next to each torulus (Fig. 828)..................................... Polynema (Doriclytus Foerster)
38(35) Notaulus narrow except for distinctly wider pit at anterior apex (Figs 474, 486); gaster in lateral view with first segment apparently consisting mostly of tergum, so petiole apparently attached to gt 1 (Fig. 496); ovipositor extending posteriorly beyond apex of gaster by at least two-thirds of its length (Figs 467, 468, 496)............................. Kalopolynema Ogloblin
- Notaulus uniformly wide along its entire length (Figs 776, 784); gaster in lateral view with first segment almost equally divided into dorsal (gt 1) and ventral parts (gs 1), so petiole apparently attached to gs 1 (Fig. 793); ovipositor slightly extending posteriorly beyond apex of gaster, by about length of gt 6 ....................................... Palaeoneura Waterhouse, part
description: Published as part of Huber, John T., Read, Jennifer D. & Triapitsyn, Serguei V., 2020, Illustrated key to genera and catalogue of Mymaridae (Hymenoptera) in America north of Mexico, pp. 1-411 in Zootaxa 4773 (3) on pages 14-16, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4773.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3821373