cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Transmission phase read-out of a large quantum dot in a nanowire interferometer
Creators: name: Borsoi, Francesco
name: Zuo, Kun
name: Gazibegovic, Sasa
name: Veld, Roy L. M. Op het
name: Bakkers, Erik P. A. M.
name: Kouwenhoven, Leo P.
name: Heedt, Sebastian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Detecting the transmission phase of a quantum dot via interferometry can reveal the symmetry of the orbitals and details of electron transport. Crucially, interferometry will enable the read-out of topological qubits based on one-dimensional nanowires. However, measuring the transmission phase of a quantum dot in a nanowire has not yet been established. Here, we exploit recent breakthroughs in the growth of one-dimensional networks and demonstrate interferometric read-out in a nanowire-based architecture. In our two-path interferometer, we define a quantum dot in one branch and use the other path as a reference arm. We observe Fano resonances stemming from the interference between electrons that travel through the reference arm and undergo resonant tunnelling in the quantum dot. Between consecutive Fano peaks, the transmission phase exhibits phase lapses that are affected by the presence of multiple trajectories in the interferometer. These results provide critical insights for the design of future topological qubits.
description: to be published in Nature Communications
Transitions in overstable rotating magnetoconvection
Creators: name: Banerjee, Ankan
name: Ghosh, Manojit
name: Pal, Pinaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The classical Rayleigh-Bénard convection (RBC) system is known to exhibit either subcritical or supercritical transition to convection in the presence or absence of rotation and/or magnetic field. However, the simultaneous exhibition of subcritical and supercritical branches of convection in plane layer RBC depending on the initial conditions, has not been reported so far. Here, we report the phenomenon of simultaneous occurrence of subcritical and supercritical branches of convection in overstable RBC of electrically conducting low Prandtl number fluids (liquid metals) in the presence of an external uniform horizontal magnetic field and rotation about the vertical axis. Extensive three dimensional (3D) direct numerical simulations (DNS) and low dimensional modeling of the system, performed in the ranges $750 \leq \mathrm{Ta} \leq 3000$ and $0 < \mathrm{Q} \leq 1000$ of the Taylor number ($\mathrm{Ta}$, strength of the Coriolis force) and the Chandrasekhar number ($\mathrm{Q}$, strength of the Lorenz force) respectively, establish the phenomenon convincingly. Detailed bifurcation analysis of a simple three dimensional model derived from the DNS data reveals that a supercritical Hopf bifurcation and a subcritical pitchfork bifurcation of the conduction state are responsible for this. The effect of Prandtl number on these transitions is also explored in detail.
description: To be appeared in the Physical Review E
Role of isospin in the nuclear liquid-gas phase transition
Creators: name: Ducoin, C.
name: Chomaz, P.
name: Gulminelli, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the thermodynamics of asymmetric nuclear matter using a mean field approximation with a Skyrme effective interaction, in order to establish its phase diagram and more particularly the influence of isospin on the order of the transition. A new statistical method is introduced to study the thermodynamics of a multifluid system, keeping only one density fixed the others being replaced by their intensive conjugated variables. In this ensemble phase coexistence reduces to a simple one dimensional Maxwell construction. For a fixed temperature under a critical value, a coexistence line is obtained in the plane of neutron and proton chemical potentials. Along this line the grand potential presents a discontinuous slope showing that the transition is first order except at the two ending points where it becomes second order. This result is not in contradiction with the already reported occurrence of a continuous transformation when a constant proton fraction is imposed. Indeed, the proton fraction being an order parameter in asymmetric matter, the constraint can only be fulfilled by gradual phase mixing along the first-order phase transition line leading to a continuous pressure.
description: To appear in Nuclear Physics A
Lagrangian perturbations at order 1/m$_{\bf Q}$ and the non-forward amplitude in Heavy Quark Effective Theory
Creators: name: Jugeau, F.
name: Yaouanc, A. Le
name: Oliver, L.
name: Raynal, J. -C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We pursue the program of the study of the non-forward amplitude in HQET. We obtain new sum rules involving the elastic subleading form factors $χ_i(w)$ $(i = 1,2, 3)$ at order $1/m_Q$ that originate from the ${\cal L}_{kin}$ and ${\cal L}_{mag}$ perturbations of the Lagrangian. To obtain these sum rules we use two methods. On the one hand we start simply from the definition of these subleading form factors and, on the other hand, we use the Operator Product Expansion. To the sum rules contribute only the same intermediate states $ (j^P, J^P) = ({1 \over 2}^-, 1^-), ({3\over 2}^-, 1^-)$ that enter in the $1/m_Q^2$ corrections of the axial form factor $h_{A_1}(w)$ at zero recoil. This allows to obtain a lower bound on $- δ_{1/m^2}^{(A_1)}$ in terms of the $χ_i(w)$ and the shape of the elastic IW function $ξ(w)$. We find also lower bounds on the $1/m_Q^2$ correction to the form factors $h_+(w)$ and $h_1(w)$ at zero recoil. An important theoretical implication is that $χ'_1(1)$, $χ_2(1)$ and $χ'_3(1)$ ($χ_1(1) = χ_3(1) = 0$ from Luke theorem) must vanish when the slope and the curvature attain their lowest values $ρ^2 \to {3 \over 4}$, $σ^2 \to {15 \over 16}$. We discuss possible implications on the precise determination of $|V_{cb}|$.
Experimental Signature of Medium Modifications for rho and omega Mesons in the 12 GeV p + A Reactions
Creators: name: Naruki, M.
name: Funahashi, H.
name: Fukao, Y.
name: Kitaguchi, M.
name: Ishino, M.
name: Kanda, H.
name: Mihara, S.
name: Miyashita, T.
name: Miwa, K.
name: Murakami, T.
name: Nakura, T.
name: Sakuma, F.
name: Togawa, M.
name: Yamada, S.
name: Yoshimura, Y.
name: En'yo, H.
name: Muto, R.
name: Tabaru, T.
name: Yokkaichi, S.
name: Chiba, J.
name: Ieiri, M.
name: Sasaki, O.
name: Sekimoto, M.
name: Tanaka, K. H.
name: Ozawa, K.
name: Hamagaki, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The invariant mass spectra of e+e- pairs produced in 12-GeV proton-induced nuclear reactions are measured at the KEK Proton-Synchrotron. On the low-mass side of the omega meson peak, a significant enhancement over the known hadronic sources has been observed. The mass spectra, including the excess, are well reproduced by a model that takes into account the density dependence of the vector meson mass modification, as theoretically predicted.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, Version accepted for Physical Review Letter
Stochastic Spacetime and Brownian Motion of Test Particles
Creators: name: Ford, L. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The operational meaning of spacetime fluctuations is discussed. Classical spacetime geometry can be viewed as encoding the relations between the motions of test particles in the geometry. By analogy, quantum fluctuations of spacetime geometry can be interpreted in terms of the fluctuations of these motions. Thus one can give meaning to spacetime fluctuations in terms of observables which describe the Brownian motion of test particles. We will first discuss some electromagnetic analogies, where quantum fluctuations of the electromagnetic field induce Brownian motion of test particles. We next discuss several explicit examples of Brownian motion caused by a fluctuating gravitational field. These examples include lightcone fluctuations, variations in the flight times of photons through the fluctuating geometry, and fluctuations in the expansion parameter given by a Langevin version of the Raychaudhuri equation. The fluctuations in this parameter lead to variations in the luminosity of sources. Other phenomena which can be linked to spacetime fluctuations are spectral line broadening and angular blurring of distant sources.
description: 15 pages, 3 figures. Talk given at the 9th Peyresq workshop, June 2004
Lie symmetries of semi-linear Schrödinger equations and applications
Creators: name: Stoimenov, Stoimen
name: Henkel, Malte
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Conditional Lie symmetries of semi-linear 1D Schrödinger and diffusion equations are studied if the mass (or the diffusion constant) is considered as an additional variable. In this way, dynamical symmetries of semi-linear Schrödinger equations become related to the parabolic and almost-parabolic subalgebras of a three-dimensional conformal Lie algebra conf_3. The corresponding representations of the parabolic and almost-parabolic subalgebras of conf_3 are classified and the complete list of conditionally invariant semi-linear Schrödinger equations is obtained. Applications to the phase-ordering kinetics of simple magnets and to simple particle-reaction models are briefly discussed.
description: Latex 2e, 6 pages, 1 figure, IOP macros, presented the the summer school `Ageing and the glass transition' Luxemburg 18-24 sept 2005
DAIRY HEIFER MORBIDITY, MORTALITY, AND HEALTH MANAGEMENT FOCUSING ON PREWEANED HEIFERS
Creators: name: Ott, Stephen L.
name: Ott, Stephen L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: NAHMS
subject: dairy
subject: cattle
subject: monitoring
subject: epidemiology
subject: preweaning
subject: heifer
subject: production
subject: diseases
subject: morbidity
subject: mortality
subject: death
subject: illness
subject: respiratory
subject: reproduction
subject: digestive
subject: musculoskeletal
subject: nervous system
subject: mastitis
subject: maternity
subject: injections
subject: antibiotics
subject: milk replacer

description: The National Dairy Heifer Evaluation Project ( NDHEP ) was conducted by the National Animal Health Monitoring System (NAHMS ) from April 1991 through July 1992. A total of 921 producers monitored calves on a daily basis from the first through the eighth week of life; results were extrapolated to the U.S. dairy population. Mortality of heifer calves was examined according to region ( west, midwest, northeast, southeast ). Mortality was highest in the western region ( 9.1 percent ) and lowest in the midwestern region ( 5.6 percent ). Calf deaths were highest in the two quarters October-December and January-March ( 8.4 percent each quarter ) and lowest in the quarter April-June ( 5.2 percent ). The overall average of stillborn calves was 1.6 percent. Calving without assistance was the norm for 68.4 percent of dams giving birth for the first time. This percentage increased through the third birth to 88.6 percent. Of hand-fed calves ( 62.7 percent ), 49.1 percent received 2 or fewer quarts of colostrum at first feeding. Over half of calves ( 51.5 percent ) were separated from dams less than 12 hours after birth. Of calves that died during the study, 26.9 percent of deaths occurred during the first week of life. By the eighth week of life, 27.2 percent of calves had exhibited symptoms of scours at some point, while 8.9 percent had shown signs of respiratory problems. By the fifth week of life, 37.9 percent of calves had received treatment for symptoms of illness, the most common of which were feeding of antibiotics, injection of antibiotics, and feeding of gut soothers ( 29.8, 24.5, and 24.1 percent of calves, respectively ). Cumulatively, 15.1 percent of calves received vaccinations. Contact for this paper: Stephen Ott
Initial Decoherence and Loss of Entanglement of Open Two-Qubit Systems
Creators: name: Liang, Xian-Ting
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we investigate a open two-qubit model whose dynamics is not exactly solvable. When the initial state is the maximum entangled state, as the exactly solvable open two-qubit model [D. Tolkunov and V. Privman, Phys. Rev. A 71, 060308(R) (2005)], the decay of entanglement of formation of the model, expressed by concurrence is also governed by the product of suppression factors describing decoherence of the subsystems (qubits). However, if the initial state is not the maximum entangled state, its concurrence will decrease faster than the product of the suppression factors describing decoherence of the qubits.
description: 5pages,3figures
Kalman Filter-based Head Motion Prediction for Cloud-based Mixed Reality
Creators: name: Gül, Serhan
name: Bosse, Sebastian
name: Podborski, Dimitri
name: Schierl, Thomas
name: Hellge, Cornelius
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Volumetric video allows viewers to experience highly-realistic 3D content with six degrees of freedom in mixed reality (MR) environments. Rendering complex volumetric videos can require a prohibitively high amount of computational power for mobile devices. A promising technique to reduce the computational burden on mobile devices is to perform the rendering at a cloud server. However, cloud-based rendering systems suffer from an increased interaction (motion-to-photon) latency that may cause registration errors in MR environments. One way of reducing the effective latency is to predict the viewer's head pose and render the corresponding view from the volumetric video in advance. In this paper, we design a Kalman filter for head motion prediction in our cloud-based volumetric video streaming system. We analyze the performance of our approach using recorded head motion traces and compare its performance to an autoregression model for different prediction intervals (look-ahead times). Our results show that the Kalman filter can predict head orientations 0.5 degrees more accurately than the autoregression model for a look-ahead time of 60 ms.
description: Accepted at the ACM Multimedia Conference (ACMMM) 2020. 9 pages, 9 figures
DAIRY '96, PART I: REFERENCE OF 1996 DAIRY MANAGEMENT PRACTICES
Creators: name: Ott, Stephen L.
name: Ott, Stephen L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: NAHMS
subject: dairy
subject: cattle
subject: milk
subject: feed
subject: weaning
subject: culls
subject: health
subject: vaccination
subject: morbidity
subject: mortality
subject: births
subject: housing
subject: biosecurity

description: The NAHMS Dairy '96 Study was designed to provide both participants and the industry with information on the nation's dairy animal population for education and research. The USDA's National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) collaborated with NAHMS to select a statistically valid sample yielding 2,542 producers. Included in the study were 20 states that represented 83.1 percent of the U.S. milk cows as of January 1, 1996. NASS interviewers collected data for Part I via a questionnaire administered on-farm from January 1 through 26, 1996. Contact for this paper: Steven Ott
CATTLE ON FEED EVALUATION, PART II: FEEDLOT HEALTH MANAGEMENT REPORT
Creators: name: Dargatz, David
name: Dargatz, David
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: NAHMS
subject: beef
subject: feedlot cattle
subject: antibiotics
subject: injections
subject: vaccinations
subject: parasites

description: The NAHMS Cattle on Feed Evaluation (COFE) was designed to provide both participants and the industry with information on the nation's feedlot animal population for education and research. The USDA's National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) collaborated with NAHMS to select a statistically valid producer sample (3,214 producers) to provide inferences to the nation's feedlot animal population. Included in the study were 13 states that accounted for 85.8 percent of the U.S. cattle-on-feed inventory as of January 1, 1994. State and Federal Veterinary Medical Officers (VMO's) collected data from feedlots of 1,000 head or more capacity through personal interviews from October 3 through December 21, 1994, for Part II. Contact for this paper: David Dargatz
Distance scale for high-luminosity stars in OB associations and in field with Gaia DR2. Spurious systematic motions
Creators: name: Melnik, A. M.
name: Dambis, A. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculated the median parallaxes for 47 OB associations including at least 10 stars with known Gaia DR2 parallaxes. A comparison between trigonometric and photometric parallaxes of OB associations reveals a zero-point offset of delta_pi=-0.11 +\- 0.04 mas indicating that Gaia DR2 parallaxes are, on average, underestimated and the distances derived from them are overestimated. The correction of delta_pi=-0.11 mas is consistent with the estimate that Arenou et al. (2018) obtained for bright stars. An analysis of parallaxes of OB associations and high-luminosity field stars confirms our previous conclusion (Dambis et al. 2001) that the distance scale for OB stars established by Blaha and Humphreys (1989) must be reduced by 10--20%. Spurious systematic motions of 10--20 km s-1 at the distances of 2--3 kpc from the Sun are found to arise from the use of the uncorrected Gaia DR2 parallaxes.
description: 15 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in Astrophysics and Space Science
Data handling protocol from Ants resort to heuristics when facing relational-learning tasks they cannot solve
Creators: name: F. B. Oberhauser
name: A. Koch
name: M. DE AGRÒ
name: Rex, Katja
name: T. J. Czaczkes
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Protocol leading through all analysis steps
Functionals of the Brownian motion, localization and metric graphs
Creators: name: Comtet, Alain
name: Desbois, Jean
name: Texier, Christophe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review several results related to the problem of a quantum particle in a random environment. In an introductory part, we recall how several functionals of the Brownian motion arise in the study of electronic transport in weakly disordered metals (weak localization). Two aspects of the physics of the one-dimensional strong localization are reviewed : some properties of the scattering by a random potential (time delay distribution) and a study of the spectrum of a random potential on a bounded domain (the extreme value statistics of the eigenvalues). Then we mention several results concerning the diffusion on graphs, and more generally the spectral properties of the Schrödinger operator on graphs. The interest of spectral determinants as generating functions characterizing the diffusion on graphs is illustrated. Finally, we consider a two-dimensional model of a charged particle coupled to the random magnetic field due to magnetic vortices. We recall the connection between spectral properties of this model and winding functionals of the planar Brownian motion.
description: Review article. 50 pages, 21 eps figures. Version 2: section 5.5 and conclusion added. Several references added
Date de la mort d'Elie de Nisibe
Creators: name: Samīr, Samīr Ḫalīl
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 72 (1988): Oriens christianus, Band 72
Ab initio many-body photoemission theory of transverse energy distribution of photoelectrons: PbTe(111) as a case study with experimental comparisons
Creators: name: Nangoi, J. Kevin
name: Karkare, Siddharth
name: Sundararaman, Ravishankar
name: Padmore, Howard A.
name: Arias, T. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This manuscript presents, to our knowledge, the first fully ab initio many-body photoemission framework to predict the transverse momentum distributions and the mean transverse energies (MTEs) of photoelectrons from single-crystal photocathodes. The need to develop such a theory stems from the lack of studies that provide complete understanding of the underlying fundamental processes governing the transverse momentum distribution of photoelectrons emitted from single crystals. For example, initial predictions based on density-functional theory calculations of effective electron masses suggested that the (111) surface of PbTe would produce very small MTEs ($\leq$ 15 meV), whereas our experiments yielded MTEs ten to twenty times larger than these predictions, and also exhibited a lower photoemission threshold than predicted. The ab initio framework presented in this manuscript correctly reproduces the magnitude of the MTEs from our measurements in PbTe(111) and also the observed photoemission below the predicted threshold. Our results show that photoexcitations into bulk-like states and coherent, many-body electron-photon-phonon scattering processes, both of which initial predictions ignored, indeed play important roles in photoemission from PbTe(111). Finally, from the lessons learned, we recommend a procedure for rapid computational screening of potential single-crystal photocathodes for applications in next-generation ultrafast electron diffraction and X-ray free-electron lasers, which will enable new, significant advances in condensed matter research.
description: Submitting to Physical Review B
BEEF '97, PART II: REFERENCE OF 1997 BEEF COW-CALF HEALTH AND HEALTH MANAGEMENT PRACTICES
Creators: name: Dargatz, David
name: Dargatz, David
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: NAHMS
subject: beef
subject: cattle
subject: cow-calf
subject: health
subject: morbidity
subject: mortality
subject: injections
subject: nutrition
subject: implants

description: The NAHMS Beef '97 Study was designed to provide both participants and the industry with information on the nation's cow-calf population for education and research. The USDA's National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) collaborated with NAHMS to select a statistically-valid sample yielding 2,713 producers from 23 states. The 23-state target population represented 85.7 percent of U.S. beef cows on January 1, 1997, and 77.6 percent of U.S. beef operations. NASS enumerators collected data for this report via a questionnaire administered on-farm from December 30, 1996, through February 3, 1997. Contact For This Paper: David Dargatz
MORBIDITY/MORTALITY AND HEALTH MANAGEMENT OF SWINE IN THE UNITED STATES
Creators: name: Bush, Eric J.
name: Bush, Eric J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1992
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: NAHMS
subject: swine
subject: monitoring
subject: epidemiology
subject: production
subject: morbidity
subject: mortality
subject: births
subject: litter size
subject: prevention
subject: disease
subject: docking
subject: teeth clipping
subject: vaccination
subject: injection
subject: antibiotics
subject: water quality

description: A national survey on swine health was conducted by the National Animal Health Monitoring System ( NAHMS ) from December 1989 through January 1991. The survey sample was designed in collaboration with the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS ) in order to provide inferences about the nation's hog population, 95 percent of which was represented. The program consisted of two parts: the first was a general farm management and policy questionnaire that was completed by 1,661 producers. The second part of the program was a monitoring phase that took place over a three-month period for each of 712 participating producers. Per litter estimates for the national population showed an average of 9.9 piglets born alive and 8.4 weaned. Estimates attributed 57 percent of all illnesses in piglets born and weaned to scours; forty-two percent of scours cases occurred in piglets between 1 and 3 days old. Estimates attributed 43 percent of piglet deaths to being crushed (laid on) ; sixty-four percent of such deaths occurred in piglets between 1 and 3 days old. National estimates for preventive or treatment action showed that tail docking and teeth clipping were performed on approximately 87 and 84 percent of piglets, respectively, while approximately 44 percent of piglets received vaccinations of any kind. It was estimated that eighty-nine percent of piglets received iron shots and sixty percent of piglets received antibiotic injections. Nearly fifteen percent of swine farms were estimated to have nitrate levels exceeding human limits established by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Contact for this paper: Eric Bush
DIGITAL DERMATITIS ON U.S. DAIRY OPERATIONS
Creators: name: Ott, Stephen L.
name: Ott, Stephen L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: NAHMS
subject: dairy
subject: cattle
subject: footwarts
subject: heelwarts
subject: lameness
subject: hoof
subject: digital dermatitis

description: The NAHMS Dairy '96 Study was designed to provide both participants and the industry with information on the nation's dairy animal population for education and research. The USDA's National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) collaborated with NAHMS to select a statistically valid sample yielding 2,542 producers. Included in the study were 20 states that represented 83.1 percent of the U.S. milk cows as of January 1, 1996. Data on digital dermatitis were collected during the second phase as Federal or state Veterinary Medical Officers (VMO's) or Animal Health Technicians (AHT's) contacted producers from February 20 through May 24, 1996 to complete a questionnaire. Contact for this paper: Steven Ott
JOHNE'S DISEASE ON U.S. DAIRY OPERATIONS
Creators: name: Ott, Stephen L.
name: Ott, Stephen L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: NAHMS
subject: dairy
subject: cattle
subject: Johne's disease
subject: M. paratuberculosis
subject: economics

description: One objective of the NAHMS Dairy '96 Study was to assess dairy producer awareness of Johne's disease, estimate national and regional herd-level prevalence of Mycobacterium paratuberculosis infection, estimate economic losses due to Johne's disease on dairy operations, and describe use of recommended preventive measures on U.S. dairy operations. Data were collection from U.S. dairy operations with at least 30 milk cows in 20 states representing 79.4 percent of U.S. dairy cows via questionnaires administered to dairy managers and blood samples collected from milk cows by Veterinary Medical Officers and Animal Health Technicians. Sera were tested for antibodies to M. paratuberculosis using a commercially available ELISA. Results showed lack of widespread recognition, testing, and use of herd certification programs for Johne's disease by U.S. dairy producers. From serologic testing and use of herd historical information, the best estimate of herd infection prevalence of M. paratuberculosis on U.S. dairy operations was 21.6 percent. Herd size differences were apparent, however, with higher infection prevalence in larger herds. Economic analyses showed the annual adjusted value of production was over $200 per cow for positive herds with at least 10 percent of their cull cows showing clinical signs consistent with Johne's disease. Contact for this paper: Steven Ott
EQUINE '98, PART IV: REFERENCE OF HEALTH MANAGEMENT FOR HORSES AND HIGHLIGHTED DISEASES, 1998
Creators: name: Garber, Lindsey
name: Garber, Lindsey
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: NAHMS
subject: horse
subject: equine
subject: equid
subject: pony
subject: donkey
subject: burro
subject: mule
subject: stallion
subject: mare
subject: vegetation
subject: pasture
subject: breeding
subject: equine viral arteritis
subject: EVA
subject: vesicular stomatitis virus
subject: VSV

description: The National Animal Health Monitoring System (NAHMS) is sponsored by the USDA:APHIS:Veterinary Services (VS). The NAHMS Equine '98 Study was designed to provide information about the nation's equine population for education and research purposes. This report is based on the second phase of Equine '98 data collection done by Federal and State Veterinary Medical Officers (VMO's) and Animal Health Technicians (AHT's) in 28 states. From June 15 through September 11, 1998, horse management and health data were collected on-farm from 1,136 participating operations that had three or more horses present on January 1, 1998. This target population was estimated to represent 51.6 percent of operations with horses in the 28 states and 83.9 percent of horses in the 28 states. Race tracks were not included in this phase of the study. The majority (94.0 percent) of operations provided resident horses access to pasture in 1998. Overall, greater than 50 percent of operations with pasture access for horses had surface water, such as a stream, lake, pond, or irrigation ditch in the pasture itself. Approximately one-third of operations had resident stallions. Of the operations with stallions, just under one-half (47.6 percent) used one or more of these stallions for breeding purposes in the previous 12 months. Of the operations that used stallions or breeding in the previous 12 months, only 3.0 percent shipped semen within the U.S. and 0.1 percent shipped semen internationally. Over 88 percent of operations had resident mares in the previous 12 months, although not all operations used these mares for breeding purposes. For operations with mares, 42.3 percent used one or more of these mares for breeding purposes in the previous 12 months. Overall, 59.4 percent of operations had never heard of equine viral arteritis (EVA). Approximately two-thirds of operations had never heard of vesicular stomatitis (VSV). Contact for this paper: Lindsey Garber.
title: Climate Vulnerability Assessment for Olympic Coast National Marine Sanctuary
Creators: name: Wrubel, Katie R.
name: Cannizzo, Zachary
name: Waddell, Jenny
name: Hutto, Sara
Publisher: name: NOAA Office of National Marine Sanctuaries
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04bgwn153
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2025

description: This assessment focuses on improving the understanding of likely projected changes in climatic variables and assessing the vulnerability of key habitats, species, ecosystem services, and maritime heritage resources. This assessment will support development of a climate-informed sanctuary management plan, enhanced partnerships, and collaborative adaptation planning on the Olympic Coast.
Constant-Depth and Subcubic-Size Threshold Circuits for Matrix Multiplication
Creators: name: Parekh, Ojas
name: Phillips, Cynthia A.
name: James, Conrad D.
name: Aimone, James B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Boolean circuits of McCulloch-Pitts threshold gates are a classic model of neural computation studied heavily in the late 20th century as a model of general computation. Recent advances in large-scale neural computing hardware has made their practical implementation a near-term possibility. We describe a theoretical approach for multiplying two $N$ by $N$ matrices that integrates threshold gate logic with conventional fast matrix multiplication algorithms, that perform $O(N^ω)$ arithmetic operations for a positive constant $ω< 3$. Our approach converts such a fast matrix multiplication algorithm into a constant-depth threshold circuit with approximately $O(N^ω)$ gates. Prior to our work, it was not known whether the $Θ(N^3)$-gate barrier for matrix multiplication was surmountable by constant-depth threshold circuits. Dense matrix multiplication is a core operation in convolutional neural network training. Performing this work on a neural architecture instead of off-loading it to a GPU may be an appealing option.
description: Appears in the proceedings of the ACM Symposium on Parallelism in Algorithms and Architectures (SPAA), 2018
On the Scale Variation of the Total Cross Section for Higgs Production at the LHC and at the Tevatron
Creators: name: Cafarella, Alessandro
name: Coriano', Claudio
name: Guzzi, Marco
name: Smith, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a detailed study of the total $p p$ cross section for scalar Higgs production to next-to-next-to leading order in $α_s$ at LHC energies, and of the $p\bar p$ cross section at the Tevatron, combining an implementation of the solutions of the parton evolution equations at the 3-loop order with the corresponding hard scatterings, evaluated at the same perturbative order. Our solutions of the DGLAP equations are implemented directly in $x$-space and allow the study of the dependence of the results on the factorization ($μ_F$) and renormalization scales $(μ_R)$ typical of a given process, together with the stability of the perturbative expansion. The input sets for the parton evolutions are those given by Martin, Roberts, Stirling and Thorne and by Alekhin. Results for K-factors are also presented. The NNLO corrections can be quite sizeable at typical collider energies. The stability region of the perturbative expansion is found when $μ_R > m_H\simμ_F$.
description: 35 pages, 55 figures
THE SEED INDUSTRY IN U.S. AGRICULTURE: AN EXPLORATION OF DATA AND INFORMATION ON CROP SEED MARKETS, REGULATION, INDUSTRY STRUCTURE, AND RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
Creators: name: Fernandez-Cornejo, Jorge
name: Fernandez-Cornejo, Jorge
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Seed markets
subject: seed costs and prices
subject: regulation
subject: plant breeding
subject: field crops
subject: research and development
subject: industry concentration
subject: biotechnology

description: The unprecedented growth in crop yields and agricultural total factor productivity over the past 70 years owes much to a series of biological innovations embodied in seeds, beginning with the development of hybrid crops in the United States in the early part of the 20th century, continuing with the adoption of high-yielding varieties during the Green Revolution of the 1960s and 1970s, and more recently, modern biotechnology. Throughout this period, the seed industry evolved, as small businesses gave way to larger enterprises that integrated plant breeding, production, conditioning, and marketing functions. The industry was further shaped by widespread mergers and acquisitions in the latter part of the century, rapid growth - in private research and development (R&D), shifting roles of public and private R&D, and a "coming of age" of agricultural biotechnology.
Can Federal Action Improve Efficiency in the Market for Farm Loans?
Creators: name: Collender, Robert N.
name: Collender, Robert N.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1996
Subjects: Agricultural Finance

description: Federal actions could improve efficiency and competition in the market for farm loans by lowering barriers to market entry and reducing market segmentation. Such actions might include changes to existing charters of Government-sponsored enterprises (GSE's), regulatory reforms affecting commercial banks and GSE's, and continued antitrust vigilance. Federal action may be justified because 93 percent of rural banking markets are still classified as noncompetitive despite past Federal action. Previous action improved efficiency by integrating isolated rural credit markets with national money markets and by promoting market innovation.
Are Farmer Bankruptcies A Good Indicator of Rural Financial Stress?
Creators: name: Stam, Jerome M.
name: Stam, Jerome M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1996
Subjects: Agricultural Finance

description: Farmer bankruptcies often are viewed as an important measure of rural economic well-being and of the success or failure of various Federal agricultural and rural policies. But the level of farmer bankruptcies is not a good indicator of rural financial health. Bankruptcies are only a subset of all farm business exits and a lagging indicator of economic stress. They do not reflect overall economic conditions in most rural areas because farming is a relatively small part of rural economic activity.
Rural Economic Development: What Makes Rural Communities Grow?
Creators: name: Aldrich, Lorna M.
name: Kusmin, Lorin D.
name: Aldrich, Lorna M.
name: Kusmin, Lorin D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: counties
subject: rural
subject: nonmetropolitan
subject: regional
subject: economic growth
subject: earnings
subject: economic development

description: Factors related to local and regional economic growth are attractiveness to retirees, right-to-work laws, excellent high school completion rates, good public education expenditures, and access to transportation networks. These were associated with improved county earnings in 1979-89, according to a multiple regression analysis of rural counties. Factors associated with poor earnings growth included higher wage levels, concentrations of transfer-payment recipiency, and concentrations of small independent businesses in the goods-producing sector.
The Food Marketing System in 1995
Creators: name: Gallo, Anthony E.
name: Gallo, Anthony E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: food marketing
subject: food processors
subject: wholesalers
subject: retailers
subject: foodservice
subject: advertising
subject: profitability
subject: trade

description: The number of new food processing plants rose sharply in 1995. Profitability from food manufacturing and retailing operations (excluding interest expense) continued to increase, reflecting strong sales, wage and producer price stability, and streamlining of operations. The number of mergers and leveraged buyouts fell. New product introductions, consumer advertising expenditures, common stock prices and the positive U.S. balance of trade in processed food reached new highs. This report analyzes and assesses yearly developments in growth, conduct, performance, and structure of the institutions--food processors, wholesalers, retailers, and foodservice firms--that comprise the Nation's food marketing system. Industry growth includes changes in sales for each of the four sectors, product mix, and external economic factors affecting the food system. Conduct measures firms' competitive behavior, which includes such price and nonprice competition as advertising, promotion, new product introduction, new store formats, price discounting, and menu variety. Performance includes profitability, capital expansion, foreign trade and investment, research and development, capacity use, equity market changes, and productivity. Structure developments include mergers, acquisitions, divestitures and leveraged buyouts, and changes in the number of companies and establishments.
Trends in the U.S. Sheep Industry
Creators: name: Jones, Keithly G.
name: Jones, Keithly G.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: Livestock Production/Industries

description: The U.S. sheep industry has changed greatly since the end of World War II. Both sheep meat and wool production have seen rapid declines. So, too, have revenues and the number of sheep operations. The wool industry has suffered from increased use of synthetic fivers, which were found to be less expensive than wool and, when blended with natural fibers, more attractive to consumers. Historically, lamb meat was a byproduct of the wool industry, but wool's decline has changed that. Lamb meat production became the emphasis of the sheep industry, but lamb prices have been unable to support a recovery in the sheep industry. U.S. lamb production continues to decline, but with lamb meat imports filling in, expansion and diversification of demand for this meat offers hope for recovery of the U.S. sheep industry.
The calcium isotopic anomaly in magnetic CP stars
Creators: name: Cowley, Ch. R.
name: Hubrig, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Chemically peculiar stars in the magnetic sequence can show the same isotopic anomaly in calcium previously discovered for mercury-manganese stars in the non-magnetic sequence. In extreme cases, the dominant isotope is the exotic 48^Ca. Measurements of Ca II lines arising from 3d-4p transitions reveal the anomaly by showing shifts up to 0.2 AA for the extreme cases - too large to be measurement errors. We report measurements of miscellaneous objects, including two metal-poor stars, two apparently normal F-stars, an Am-star, and the N-star U Ant. Demonstrable anomalies are apparent only for the Ap stars. The largest shifts are found in rapidly oscillating Ap stars and in one weakly magnetic Ap star, HD 133792. We note the possible relevance of these shifts for the GAIA mission.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, accepted for publication as a letter in A&A
Boundary states in the open string channel and CFT near a corner
Creators: name: Imamura, Yosuke
name: Isono, Hiroshi
name: Matsuo, Yutaka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We generalize the idea of boundary states to the open string channel. They describe emission and absorption of open strings in the presence of intersecting D-branes. We construct the explicit oscillator representation for the free boson and fermionic ghost. The inner product of such states describes a disk amplitude of rectangular shape and possesses modular covariance with a nontrivial conformal weight. We compare the result obtained here with those obtained using two different methods, one employing the path integral formalism and one employing the conformal anomaly. We find that all these methods give consistent results. In our method, we must be careful in our treatment of the singularity of the CFT near the corners. Specifically, we derive the correction to the conformal weight of the primary field inserted at the corner, and it gives the modular weight of the rectangle amplitude. We also carry out explicit computations of the correlation functions.
description: 23 pages, 4 figures, PTPTeX, v2 references added and some equations improved, v3 style macro has been changed. BRST analysis added
Electronic Transport in Fullerene C20 Bridge Assisted by Molecular Vibrations
Creators: name: Yamamoto, Takahiro
name: Watanabe, Kazuyuki
name: Watanabe, Satoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effect of molecular vibrations on electronic transport is investigated with the smallest fullerene C20 bridge, utilizing the Keldysh nonequilibrium Green's function techniques combined with the tight-binding molecular-dynamics method. Large discontinuous steps appear in the differential conductance when the applied bias-voltage matches particular vibrational energies. The magnitude of the step is found to vary considerably with the vibrational mode and to depend on the local electronic states besides the strength of electron-vibration coupling. On the basis of this finding, a novel way to control the molecular motion by adjusting the gate voltage is proposed.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. Lett
Exploratory Study of Young Children's Social Media Needs and Requirements
Creators: name: Sun, Di "Chelsea"
name: Melkote, Vaishnavi
name: Arif, Ahmed Sabbir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: As social media are becoming increasingly popular among young children, it is important to explore this population's needs and requirements from these platforms. As a first step to this, we conducted an exploratory design workshop with children aged between ten and eleven years to find out about their social media needs and requirements. Through an analysis of the paper prototypes solicited from the workshop, here we discuss the social media features that are the most desired by this population.
Laser-plasma proton acceleration with a combined gas-foil target
Creators: name: Levy, Dan
name: Bernert, Constantin
name: Rehwald, Martin
name: Andriyash, Igor A.
name: Assenbaum, Stefan
name: Kluge, Thomas
name: Kroupp, Eyal
name: Obst-Huebl, Lieselotte
name: Pausch, Richard
name: Schultze-Makuch, Alexander
name: Zeil, Karl
name: Schramm, Ulrich
name: Malka, Victor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Laser-plasma proton acceleration was investigated in the Target Normal Sheath Acceleration (TNSA) regime using a novel gas-foil target. The target is designed for reaching higher laser intensity at the foil plane owing to relativistic self-focusing and self compression of the pulse in the gas layer. Numerical 3D particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations were used to study pulse propagation in the gas, showing a nearly seven-fold increase in peak intensity. In the experiment, maximum proton energies showed high dependence on the energy transmission of the laser through the gas and a lesser dependence on the size and shape of the pulse. At high gas densities, laser energy depletion and pulse distortion suppressed proton energies. At low densities, self-focusing was observed and comparable or higher proton energies were measured with the gas.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures