cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Critical state solution and AC loss computation of polygonally arranged thin superconducting tapes
Creators: name: Brambilla, Roberto
name: Grilli, Francesco
name: Martini, Luciano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The current density and field distributions in polygonally arranged thin superconducting tapes carrying AC current are derived under the assumption of the critical state model. Starting from the generic Biot-Savart law for a general polygonal geometry, we derive a suitable integral equation for the calculation of the current density and magnetic field in each tape. The model works for any transport current below $I_c$, which makes it attractive for studying cases of practical interest, particularly the dependence of AC losses on parameters such as the number of tapes, their distance from the center, and their separation.
title: Subendocardial late gadolinium enhancement in malignant mitral valve prolapse
Creators: name: Castellaccio, Antonio
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Cardiovascular
subject: Cardiac
subject: Cardiovascular system
subject: MR
subject: Clinical Case

description: Clinical History: A  45-year-old athlete with chest discomfort and palpitations presented to the cardiologist. Electrocardiogram showed low-density ventricular extrasystoles at rest, which increased in density with stress. Echocardiography revealed mild mitral regurgitation and mild left ventricular hypertrophy with a basal septal thickness of 12 mm.

description: 45 years, male
A History of the Distance Library Services Conference
Creators: name: Peters, Timothy
name: Dickinson, Thad
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Library and Information Studies
subject: FOS: Media and communications
subject: 80706 Librarianship

description: Two line graphs. The first shows the conference attendance over a period of time and the second shows first-time attendees at the conference.
Sphiggurus insidiosus
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Erethizontidae
Sphiggurus
Sphiggurus insidiosus

description: Sphiggurus insidiosus (Lichtenstein, 1818). Zool. Mus. Univ. Berlin, p. 18 - 19. TYPE LOCALITY: Brazil, Bahia, Salvador. DISTRIBUTION: E. and Amazonian Brazil; Surinam. COMMENT: Formerly included in Coendou; see Husson, 1978:484; also see comment under Sphiggurus. ISIS NUMBER: 5301410018002002001 as Coendou insidiosus.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Rodentia (Part 6), pp. 560-594 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 572, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353039
description: {"references": ["Husson, A. M. 1978. The mammals of Suriname. E. J. Brill, Leiden, 569 pp., 160 pls."]}
Sphiggurus spinosus
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Erethizontidae
Sphiggurus
Sphiggurus spinosus

description: Sphiggurus spinosus (F. Cuvier, 1822). Mem. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris, 9:433. TYPE LOCALITY: Paraguay, along the Parana River. DISTRIBUTION: Paraguay; S. and E. Brazil; N.E. Argentina; Uruguay. COMMENT: Possibly restricted to the shores of the Parana River (CAW). Formerly included in Coendou; see Husson, 1978:484-490. See comment under Sphiggurus. PROTECTED STATUS: CITES - Appendix III as Coendou spinosus (Uruguay). ISIS NUMBER: 5301410018002007001 as Coendou spinosus.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Rodentia (Part 6), pp. 560-594 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 572, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353039
description: {"references": ["Husson, A. M. 1978. The mammals of Suriname. E. J. Brill, Leiden, 569 pp., 160 pls."]}
Herschel-ATLAS/GAMA:How does the far-IR luminosity function depend on galaxy group properties?
Creators: name: Guo, Qi
name: Lacey, Cedric
name: Norberg, Peder
name: Cole, Shaun
name: Baugh, Carlton
name: Frenk, Carlos
name: Cooray, Asantha
name: Dye, Simon
name: Bourne, N.
name: Dunne, L.
name: Eales, S.
name: Ivison, R. J.
name: Maddox, S. J.
name: Alpasan, M.
name: Baldry, I.
name: Driver, S. P.
name: Robotham, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the Herschel ATLAS (H-ATLAS) Phase I data to study the conditional luminosity function of far-IR (250 um) selected galaxies in optically-selected galaxy groups from the GAMA spectroscopic survey, as well as environmental effects on the far-IR-to-optical colour. We applied two methods, which gave consistent results for the far-IR conditional luminosity functions. The direct matching method matches H-ATLAS sources to GAMA/SDSS galaxies, then links the optical counterparts to GAMA groups. The stacking method counts the number of far-IR sources within the projected radii of GAMA groups, subtracting the local background. We investigated the dependence of the far-IR (250 um) luminosity function on group mass in the range 10d12 < M_h < 10d14Msun/h and on redshift in the range 0 < z < 0.4, using a sample of 3000 groups containing H-ATLAS sources with GAMA redshifts over an area of 126 sq. deg. We find that the characteristic 250 um luminosity, L^*(250), increases with group mass up to M_h ~ 10d13Msun/h, but is roughly constant above this, while it increases with redshift at high group masses, but less so at low masses. We also find that the group far-IR luminosity-to-mass ratio L(250)/M_h increases with redshift and is higher in low-mass groups. We estimate that around 70% of the 250 um luminosity density in the local universe is contributed by groups with M_h > 10d12Msun/h. We also find that the far-IR-to-optical colours of H-ATLAS galaxies are independent of group mass over the range 10d12 < M_h <10d14Msun/h in the local universe. We also compare our observational results with recent semi-analytical models, and find that none of these galaxy formation model can reproduce the conditional far-IR luminosity functions of galaxy groups.
description: 19 pages, accepted version (MNRAS)
Household Contact Screening and Yield of Tuberculosis Cases—A Clinic Based Study in Chennai, South India
Creators: name: Nair, Dina
name: Rajshekhar, Nandita
name: Klinton, Joel Shyam
name: Watson, Basilea
name: Velayutham, Banurekha
name: Tripathy, Jaya Prasad
name: Jawahar, Mohideen Shaheed
name: Swaminathan, Soumya
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Tuberculosis--Prevention
Communicable diseases--Transmission
Tuberculosis--Diagnosis
Public health

description: Background:

Contact investigation is an active case finding strategy to increase detection of Tuberculosis (TB) and a key component of TB control programs. The household contacts are at a higher risk of exposure than members of the general population. The information on the value and yield of household contact screening and the approaches used in high incidence settings like India is limited.

Objective:

To evaluate the yield of active case finding in household contacts of newly diagnosed smear positive TB patients and the factors associated with increased yield.

Method:

Retrospective record review of the household contacts of newly diagnosed sputum smear positive patients (index case) enrolled in a clinical trial at National Institute of Research in Tuberculosis, Chennai during the period 2007–2014. A sequential screening algorithm with chest x-ray followed by symptom screen was employed to identify presumptive TB patients.

Results:

643 household contacts of 280 index TB patients were identified out of which 544 (85%) consented for screening. 71/544 (13%) patients had an abnormal chest radiograph and out of them 70% were symptomatic. A total of 29/544 (5.3%) contacts were found to have TB among whom 23/29 (79%) were sputum smear positive. The number needed to screen (NNS) to identify a new TB case among all household contacts was 19 and among those with an abnormal CXR was 02. Age group > 44 years, male gender and siblings of the index case was associated with abnormal chest radiograph whereas age group between 15–44 was significantly associated with developing TB disease among household contacts.

Conclusion:

Active screening among household contacts is an effective way to improve TB case detection. The yield for new TB cases among contacts with abnormal x-ray was high in this study and the use of Chest X-rays in combination with symptom screen is recommended.
Sphiggurus vestitus
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Erethizontidae
Sphiggurus
Sphiggurus vestitus

description: Sphiggurus vestitus (Thomas, 1899). Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 7, 4:284. TYPE LOCALITY: Colombia. DISTRIBUTION: Colombia; W. Venezuela south of Lake Maracaibo. COMMENT: Includes pruinosus; see Cabrera, 1961:284, but also see Handley, 1976, Brigham Young Univ. Sci. Bull. Biol. Ser., 20(5):55, who listed pruinosus as a distinct species, without comment. Formerly included in Coendou; see comment under Sphiggurus. ISIS NUMBER: 5301410018002008001 as Coendou vistatus (sic).
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Rodentia (Part 6), pp. 560-594 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 572, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353039
description: {"references": ["Handley, C. O., Jr. 1976. Mammals of the Smithsonian Venezuelan Project. Brigham Young University Science Bulletin, Biological Series, 20: 1 - 91."]}
Integration of Sequence Data from a Consanguineous Family with Genetic Data from an Outbred Population Identifies PLB1 as a Candidate Rheumatoid Arthritis Risk Gene
Creators: name: Okada, Yukinori
name: Diogo, Dorothee
name: Greenberg, Jeffrey D.
name: Mouassess, Faten
name: Achkar, Walid A. L.
name: Fulton, Robert S.
name: Denny, Joshua C.
name: Mirel, Daniel
name: Gupta, Namrata
name: Gabriel, Stacy
name: Li, Gang
name: Kremer, Joel M.
name: Pappas, Dimitrios A.
name: Eyler, Anne E.
name: Carroll, Robert J.
name: Trynka, Gosia
name: Stahl, Eli A.
name: Cui, Jing
name: Saxena, Richa
name: Coenen, Marieke J. H.
name: Guchelaar, Henk-Jan
name: Huizinga, Tom W. J.
name: Dieudé, Philippe
name: Mariette, Xavier
name: Barton, Anne
name: Canhão, Helena
name: Fonseca, João E.
name: De Vries, Niek
name: Tak, Paul P.
name: Moreland, Larry W.
name: Bridges Jr., S. Louis
name: Miceli-Richard, Corinne
name: Choi, Hyon K.
name: Kamatani, Yoichiro
name: Galan, Pilar
name: Lathrop, Mark
name: Raj, Towfique
name: De Jager, Philip L.
name: Raychaudhuri, Soumya
name: Worthington, Jane
name: Padyukov, Leonid
name: Klareskog, Lars
name: Siminovitch, Katherine A.
name: Gregersen, Peter K.
name: Mardis, Elaine R.
name: Arayssi, Thurayya
name: Kazkaz, Layla A.
name: Plenge, Robert M.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Consanguinity
subject: Rheumatoid arthritis--Etiology
subject: Nucleotide sequence--Data processing
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Integrating genetic data from families with highly penetrant forms of disease together with genetic data from outbred populations represents a promising strategy to uncover the complete frequency spectrum of risk alleles for complex traits such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Here, we demonstrate that rare, low-frequency and common alleles at one gene locus, phospholipase B1 (PLB1), might contribute to risk of RA in a 4-generation consanguineous pedigree (Middle Eastern ancestry) and also in unrelated individuals from the general population (European ancestry). Through identity-by-descent (IBD) mapping and whole-exome sequencing, we identified a non-synonymous c.2263G>C (p.G755R) mutation at the PLB1 gene on 2q23, which significantly co-segregated with RA in family members with a dominant mode of inheritance (P = 0.009). We further evaluated PLB1 variants and risk of RA using a GWAS meta-analysis of 8,875 RA cases and 29,367 controls of European ancestry. We identified significant contributions of two independent non-coding variants near PLB1 with risk of RA (rs116018341 [MAF = 0.042] and rs116541814 [MAF = 0.021], combined P = 3.2×10−6). Finally, we performed deep exon sequencing of PLB1 in 1,088 RA cases and 1,088 controls (European ancestry), and identified suggestive dispersion of rare protein-coding variant frequencies between cases and controls (P = 0.049 for C-alpha test and P = 0.055 for SKAT). Together, these data suggest that PLB1 is a candidate risk gene for RA. Future studies to characterize the full spectrum of genetic risk in the PLB1 genetic locus are warranted.
Kelvin-Helmholtz instability of a coronal streamer
Creators: name: Feng, Li
name: Inhester, Bernd
name: Gan, Weiqun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The shear-flow-driven instability can play an important role in energy transfer processes in coronal plasma. We present for the first time the observation of a kink-like oscillation of a streamer probably caused by the streaming kinkmode Kelvin-Helmholtz instability. The wave-like behavior of the streamer was observed by Large Angle and Spectrometric Coronagraph Experiment (LASCO) C2 and C3 aboard SOlar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO). The observed wave had a period of about 70 to 80 minutes, and its wavelength increased from 2 Rsun to 3 Rsun in about 1.5 hours. The phase speeds of its crests and troughs decreased from 406 \pm 20 to 356 \pm 31kms^{-1} during the event. Within the same heliocentric range, the wave amplitude also appeared to increase with time. We attribute the phenomena to the MHD Kelvin-Helmholtz instability which occur at a neutral sheet in a fluid wake. The free energy driving the instability is supplied by the sheared flow and sheared magnetic field across the streamer plane. The plasma properties of the local environment of the streamer were estimated from the phase speed and instability threshold criteria.
description: ApJ, accepted
Insufficient Evidence for Rare Activation of Latent HIV in the Absence of Reservoir-Reducing Interventions
Creators: name: Hill, Alison L.
name: Rosenbloom, Daniel I. S.
name: Siliciano, Janet D.
name: Siliciano, Robert F.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Diseases--Recrudescence
Latent virus diseases
HIV infections--Pathogenesis
Virology
Pathology

description: A priority for HIV cure research is measuring latent infection that can fuel viral recrudescence if patients cease antiretroviral therapy (ART). One important quantity that is difficult to measure is the rate at which latently infected cells activate, giving rise to spreading infection [1]. Pinkevych et al. recently estimated this rate by analyzing several clinical cohorts and concluded that one cell activates every 6 days [2]. This rate is 24-fold lower than our previous estimate of 4 cells/day [1], resulting in far more optimistic predictions for the prospects of reservoir-reducing therapy. We question their estimation approach and suggest that a higher rate is likely for most infected individuals.
Sphiggurus villosus
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Erethizontidae
Sphiggurus
Sphiggurus villosus

description: Sphiggurus villosus (F. Cuvier, 1822). Mem. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris, 9:413 -437. TYPE LOCALITY: Brazil, mountains near Rio de Janeiro, Corcoracto. DISTRIBUTION: Minas Gerais to Rio Grande do Sul (S.E. Brazil). COMMENT: Considered a distinct species by Husson, 1978:489. Cabrera, 1961:600-601, included this species in insidiosus; see comment under Sphiggurus; formerly included in Coendou.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Rodentia (Part 6), pp. 560-594 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 572, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353039
description: {"references": ["Husson, A. M. 1978. The mammals of Suriname. E. J. Brill, Leiden, 569 pp., 160 pls."]}
The Black Hole Interior and a Curious Sum Rule
Creators: name: Giveon, Amit
name: Itzhaki, Nissan
name: Troost, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the Euclidean geometry near non-extremal NS5-branes in string theory, including regions beyond the horizon and beyond the singularity of the black brane. The various regions have an exact description in string theory, in terms of cigar, trumpet and negative level minimal model conformal field theories. We study the worldsheet elliptic genera of these three superconformal theories, and show that their sum vanishes. We speculate on the significance of this curious sum rule for black hole physics.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures
Overdoselifesavers.org: a mixed-method evaluation of a public information website on experiences of overdose and using take-home naloxone to save lives
Creators: name: Farrugia, Adrian
name: Treloar, Carla
name: Fraser, Suzanne
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 4203
subject: Health services and systems

description: Aims: Overdoselifesavers.org was created as part of a larger Australian research project investigating impediments to take-home naloxone uptake. The aim of the project was to create a resource to enhance public and professional understandings of take-home naloxone and to counter stigmatising misconceptions about overdose. This article presents the findings of a mixed-method evaluation of Overdoselifesavers.org that assesses its success in achieving these goals. Methods: Following an established approach, three data sources were analysed: (1) the reach of the website (website analytics); (2) website audience response (evaluation survey); and (3) other indicators of use and impact (including social media referrals and organisational links). Findings: In the 10-week evaluation period, Overdoselifesavers.org had 1769 unique visitors. Responses to the survey praised the website as a means of challenging stereotypes and supporting take-home naloxone uptake. Twenty-two organisations had linked to the website and 324 social media referrals were recorded. Conclusions: These data indicate that Overdoselifesavers.org has begun connecting with audiences and enhancing knowledge about and support for take-home naloxone. Continually building engagement and use of the website outside the alcohol and other drug sector warrants ongoing attention. Further research on developing suitable evaluation methods for novel initiatives such as research-based public websites is needed.
Evaluation: from precision, recall and F-measure to ROC, informedness, markedness and correlation
Creators: name: Powers, David M. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Commonly used evaluation measures including Recall, Precision, F-Measure and Rand Accuracy are biased and should not be used without clear understanding of the biases, and corresponding identification of chance or base case levels of the statistic. Using these measures a system that performs worse in the objective sense of Informedness, can appear to perform better under any of these commonly used measures. We discuss several concepts and measures that reflect the probability that prediction is informed versus chance. Informedness and introduce Markedness as a dual measure for the probability that prediction is marked versus chance. Finally we demonstrate elegant connections between the concepts of Informedness, Markedness, Correlation and Significance as well as their intuitive relationships with Recall and Precision, and outline the extension from the dichotomous case to the general multi-class case.
description: 27 pages, 7 figures. Updated and fixed egregious formatting errors (including a table overlapping text) that were introduced by the publisher. This open access journal appears to have been discontinued. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1504.00854
Overdoselifesavers.org: a mixed-method evaluation of a public information website on experiences of overdose and using take-home naloxone to save lives
Creators: name: Farrugia, Adrian
name: C Treloar
name: Fraser, Suzanne
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2021
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: © 2021 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. Aims: Overdoselifesavers.org was created as part of a larger Australian research project investigating impediments to take-home naloxone uptake. The aim of the project was to create a resource to enhance public and professional understandings of take-home naloxone and to counter stigmatising misconceptions about overdose. This article presents the findings of a mixed-method evaluation of Overdoselifesavers.org that assesses its success in achieving these goals. Methods: Following an established approach, three data sources were analysed: (1) the reach of the website (website analytics); (2) website audience response (evaluation survey); and (3) other indicators of use and impact (including social media referrals and organisational links). Findings: In the 10-week evaluation period, Overdoselifesavers.org had 1769 unique visitors. Responses to the survey praised the website as a means of challenging stereotypes and supporting take-home naloxone uptake. Twenty-two organisations had linked to the website and 324 social media referrals were recorded. Conclusions: These data indicate that Overdoselifesavers.org has begun connecting with audiences and enhancing knowledge about and support for take-home naloxone. Continually building engagement and use of the website outside the alcohol and other drug sector warrants ongoing attention. Further research on developing suitable evaluation methods for novel initiatives such as research-based public websites is needed.
Crystal Structure of the SPOC Domain of the Arabidopsis Flowering Regulator FPA
Creators: name: Zhang, Yinglu
name: Rataj, Katarzyna
name: Simpson, Gordon G.
name: Tong, Liang
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Crystals--Structure
Proteins--Structure
Plants, Flowering of--Flowering time
Biology

description: The Arabidopsis protein FPA controls flowering time by regulating the alternative 30-end processing of the FLOWERING LOCUS (FLC) antisense RNA. FPA belongs to the split ends (SPEN) family of proteins, which contain N-terminal RNA recognition motifs (RRMs) and a SPEN paralog and ortholog C-terminal (SPOC) domain. The SPOC domain is highly conserved among FPA homologs in plants, but the conservation with the domain in other SPEN proteins is much lower. We have determined the crystal structure of Arabidopsis thaliana FPA SPOC domain at 2.7 Å resolution. The overall structure is similar to that of the SPOC domain in human SMRT/HDAC1 Associated Repressor Protein (SHARP), although there are also substantial conformational differences between them. Structural and sequence analyses identify a surface patch that is conserved among plant FPA homologs. Mutations of two residues in this surface patch did not disrupt FPA functions, suggesting that either the SPOC domain is not required for the role of FPA in regulating RNA 3'-end formation or the functions of the FPA SPOC domain cannot be disrupted by the combination of mutations, in contrast to observations with the SHARP SPOC domain.
Iureconsvltvm Mathematicvm Et In Specie Analystam Circa Antichresin Et Intervsvrivm; [1767]
Creators: name: Hoffmann, Gottfried Daniel
name: Beitler, Wilhelm Gottlieb Friedrich
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2015

description: Vorlageform des Erscheinungsvermerks: Ex Officina Fvesiana. - Nicht identisch mit BV010077670 (dort letzte Errata-Zeile "30 l. 12. - volorem - valorem", hier "46. l. 7. post verbum exigent m ins. exeptione")
Incidence of Diabetes Mellitus and Obesity and the Overlap of Comorbidities in HIV+ Hispanics Initiating Antiretroviral Therapy
Creators: name: Gomes, Angelina
name: Reyes, Emily V.
name: Garduno, L. Sergio
name: Rojas, Rita
name: Mesejo, Geraldine Mir
name: Del Rosario, Eliza
name: Jose, Lina
name: Javier, Carmen
name: Donastorg, Yeycy
name: Vaughan, Catherine
name: Hammer, Scott
name: Brudney, Karen
name: Taylor, Barbara S.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Hispanic Americans--Health and hygiene
Comorbidity
Highly active antiretroviral therapy
HIV-positive persons--Medical care
Medicine

description: Background:

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading health threat for HIV+ patients on antiretroviral therapy (ART); cardiometabolic comorbidities are key predictors of risk. Data are limited on incidence of metabolic comorbidities in HIV+ individuals initiating ART in low and middle income countries (LMICs), particularly for Hispanics. We examined incidence of diabetes and obesity in a prospective cohort of those initiating ART in the Dominican Republic.

Methods:

Participants ≥18 years, initiating ART <90 days prior to study enrollment, were examined for incidence of impaired fasting glucose (IFG), diabetes mellitus (DM), overweight, and obesity. Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) 100-125mg/dl defined IFG; FPG ≥126 mg/dl, diagnosis per medical record, or use of hypoglycemic medication defined DM. Overweight and obesity were BMI 25–30 and ≥30kg/m2, respectively. Dyslipidemia was total cholesterol ≥240mg/dl or use of lipid-lowering medication. Framingham risk equation was used to determine ten-year CVD risk at the end of observation.

Results:

Of 153 initiating ART, 8 (6%) had DM and 23 (16%) had IFG at baseline, 6 developed DM (28/1000 person-years follow up [PYFU]) and 46 developed IFG (329/1000 PYFU). At baseline, 24 (18%) were obese and 36 (27%) were overweight, 15 became obese (69/1000 PYFU) and 22 became overweight (163/1000 PYFU). Median observation periods for the diabetes and obesity analyses were 23.5 months and 24.3 months, respectively. Increased CVD risk (≥10% 10-year Framingham risk score) was present for 13% of the cohort; 79% of the cohort had ≥1 cardiometabolic comorbidity, 48% had ≥2, and 13% had all three.

Conclusions:

In this Hispanic cohort in an LMIC, incidences of IFG/DM and overweight/obesity were similar to or higher than that found in high income countries, and cardiometabolic disorders affected three-quarters of those initiating ART. Care models incorporating cardiovascular risk reduction into HIV treatment programs are needed to prevent CVD-associated mortality in this vulnerable population.
How Can the Health System Retain Women in HIV Treatment for a Lifetime? A Discrete Choice Experiment in Ethiopia and Mozambique
Creators: name: Kruk, Margaret E.
name: Riley, Patricia L.
name: Palma, Anton M.
name: Adhikari, Sweta
name: Ahoua, Laurence
name: Arnaldo, Carlos
name: Belo, Dercio F.
name: Brusamento, Serena
name: Cumba, Luisa I. G.
name: Dziuban, Eric J.
name: El-Sadr, Wafaa Mahmoud
name: Gutema, Yoseph
name: Habtamu, Zelalem
name: Heller, Thomas
name: Kidanu, Aklilu
name: Langa, Judite
name: Mahagaja, Epifanio
name: McCarthy, Carey F.
name: Melaku, Zenebe
name: Shodell, Daniel
name: Tsiouris, Fatima
name: Young, Paul R.
name: Rabkin, Miriam
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: HIV (Viruses)--Transmission--Prevention
Health services administration
HIV infections--Treatment
Public health

description: Introduction:

Option B+, an approach that involves provision of antiretroviral therapy (ART) to all HIV-infected pregnant women for life, is the preferred strategy for prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV. Lifelong retention in care is essential to its success. We conducted a discrete choice experiment in Ethiopia and Mozambique to identify health system characteristics preferred by HIV-infected women to promote continuity of care.

Methods:

Women living with HIV and receiving care at hospitals in Oromia Region, Ethiopia and Zambézia Province, Mozambique were shown nine choice cards and asked to select one of two hypothetical health facilities, each with six varying characteristics related to the delivery of HIV services for long term treatment. Mixed logit models were used to estimate the influence of six health service attributes on choice of clinics.

Results:
2,033 women participated in the study (response rate 97.8% in Ethiopia and 94.7% in Mozambique). Among the various attributes of structure and content of lifelong ART services, the most important attributes identified in both countries were respectful provider attitude and ability to obtain non-HIV health services during HIV-related visits. Availability of counseling support services was also a driver of choice. Facility type, i.e., hospital versus health center, was substantially less important.

Conclusions:

Efforts to enhance retention in HIV care and treatment for pregnant women should focus on promoting respectful care by providers and integrating access to non-HIV health services in the same visit, as well as continuing to strengthen counseling.
Macular Ganglion Cell Inner Plexiform Layer Thickness in Glaucomatous Eyes with Localized Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Defects
Creators: name: Zhang, Chunwei
name: Tatham, Andrew J.
name: Abe, Ricardo Y.
name: Hammel, Na’ama
name: Medeiros, Felipe A.
name: Belghith, Akram
name: Girkin, Christopher A.
name: Liebmann, Jeffrey M.
name: Weinreb, Robert N.
name: Zangwill, Linda M.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Retinal degeneration
Glaucoma--Etiology
Retinal ganglion cells
Ophthalmology

description: Purpose:

To investigate macular ganglion cell–inner plexiform layer (mGCIPL) thickness in glaucomatous eyes with visible localized retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) defects on stereophotographs.

Methods:

112 healthy and 149 glaucomatous eyes from the Diagnostic Innovations in Glaucoma Study (DIGS) and the African Descent and Glaucoma Evaluation Study (ADAGES) subjects had standard automated perimetry (SAP), optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging of the macula and optic nerve head, and stereoscopic optic disc photography. Masked observers identified localized RNFL defects by grading of stereophotographs.

Result:

47 eyes had visible localized RNFL defects on stereophotographs. Eyes with visible localized RNFL defects had significantly thinner mGCIPL thickness compared to healthy eyes (68.3 ± 11.4 μm versus 79.2 ± 6.6 μm respectively, P<0.001) and similar mGCIPL thickness to glaucomatous eyes without localized RNFL defects (68.6 ± 11.2 μm, P = 1.000). The average mGCIPL thickness in eyes with RNFL defects was 14% less than similarly aged healthy controls. For 29 eyes with a visible RNFL defect in just one hemiretina (superior or inferior) mGCIPL was thinnest in the same hemiretina in 26 eyes (90%). Eyes with inferior-temporal RNFL defects also had significantly thinner inferior-temporal mGCIPL (P<0.001) and inferior mGCIPL (P = 0.030) compared to glaucomatous eyes without a visible RNFL defect.

Conclusion:

The current study indicates that presence of a localized RNFL defect is likely to indicate significant macular damage, particularly in the region of the macular that topographically corresponds to the location of the RNFL defect.
On the Conjectures Regarding the 4-Point Atiyah Determinant
Creators: name: Khuzam, Mazen N. Bou
name: Johnson, Michael J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: For the case of 4 points in Euclidean space, we present a computer aided proof of Conjectures II and III made by Atiyah and Sutcliffe regarding Atiyah's determinant along with an elegant factorization of the square of the imaginary part of Atiyah's determinant.
Broadband radio circular polarization spectrum of the relativistic jet in PKS B2126-158
Creators: name: O'Sullivan, S. P.
name: McClure-Griffiths, N. M.
name: Feain, I. J.
name: Gaensler, B. M.
name: Sault, R. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present full-Stokes radio polarization observations of the quasar PKS B2126-158 (z=3.268) from 1 to 10 GHz using the Australia Telescope Compact Array. The source has large fractional circular polarization, m_c \equiv |V|/I, detected at high significance across the entire band (from 15 to 90σper 128 MHz sub-band). This allows us to construct the most robust circular polarization (CP) spectrum of an AGN jet to date. We find m_c \propto ν^{+0.60\pm0.03} from 1.5 to 6.5 GHz, with a peak of m_c ~ 1% before the spectrum turns over somewhere between 6.5 and 8 GHz, above which m_c \propto ν^{-3.0\pm0.4}. The fractional linear polarization (p) varies from
description: 10 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
On the gauge independence of the fermion pole mass
Creators: name: Das, Ashok K.
name: Francisco, R. R.
name: Frenkel, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the question of complete gauge independence of the fermion pole mass by choosing a general class of gauge fixing which interpolates between the covariant, the axial and the Coulomb gauges for different values of the gauge fixing parameters. We derive the Nielsen identity describing the gauge parameter variation of the fermion two point function in this general class of gauges. Furthermore, we relate the denominator of the fermion propagator to the two point function. This then allows us to study directly the gauge parameter dependence of the denominator of the propa- gator using the Nielsen identity for the two point function. This leads to a simple proof that, when infrared divergences and mass shell singularities are not present at the pole, the fermion pole mass is gauge independent, in the complete sense, to all orders in perturbation theory. Namely, the pole is not only independent of the gauge fixing parameters, but has also the same value in both covariant and non-covariant gauges.
description: 13 pages, 1 figure
Connectivity Preserving Decentralized UAV Swarm Navigation in Obstacle-laden Environments without Explicit Communication
Creators: name: Palani, Thiviyathinesvaran
name: Fukushima, Hiroaki
name: Izuhara, Shunsuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This paper presents a novel control method for a group of UAVs in obstacle-laden environments while preserving sensing network connectivity without data transmission between the UAVs. By leveraging constraints rooted in control barrier functions (CBFs), the proposed method aims to overcome the limitations, such as oscillatory behaviors and frequent constraint violations, of the existing method based on artificial potential fields (APFs). More specifically, the proposed method first determines desired control inputs by considering CBF-based constraints rather than repulsive APFs. The desired inputs are then minimally modified by solving a numerical optimization problem with soft constraints. In addition to the optimization-based method, we present an approximate method without numerical optimization. The effectiveness of the proposed methods is evaluated by extensive simulations to compare the performance of the CBF-based methods with an APF-based approach. Experimental results using real quadrotors are also presented.
Caviidae Fischer de Waldheim 1817
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Caviidae

description: Family Caviidae REVIEWED BY: M. A. Mares (MAM); T. Pearson (TP); C. A. Woods (CAW). ISIS NUMBER: 5301410019000000000.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Rodentia (Part 6), pp. 560-594 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 572, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353039
Zweiter Nachtrag zu C. L. Hoffmanns Magnetisten; 1787
Creators: name: Hoffmann, Christoph Ludwig
name: Hoffmann, Christoph Ludwig
name: Hoffmann, Christoph Ludwig
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2015

description: In Fraktur. - Erg. zu: Der Magnetist / von C. L. Hoffmann. Nachtrag zum Magnetisten / von C. L. Hoffmann
Transitioning to Country Ownership of HIV Programs in Rwanda
Creators: name: Binagwaho, Agnes
name: Kankindi, Ida
name: Kayirangwa, Eugenie
name: Nyemazi, Jean Pierre
name: Morales, Fernando
name: Nsanzimana, Sabin
name: Kadende-Kaiser, Rose
name: Scott, Kirstin Woody
name: Mugisha, Veronicah
name: Sahabo, Ruben
name: Baribwira, Cyprien
name: Isanhart, Leia
name: Asiimwe, Anita
name: El-Sadr, Wafaa M.
name: Raghunathan, Pratima L.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: HIV infections--Treatment
Self-determination, National
Public health

description: Funding from the United States President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) program in 2004 significantly bolstered Rwanda’s ability to develop a national HIV program with implementing partners.
In 2009, after 5 years of expanding HIV services to achieve universal access to antiretroviral treatment, Rwanda and PEPFAR embarked on a sustainability and country ownership phase of the AIDS response.
Commitment to the following seven principles helped to create a foundation for successful HIV program management transition from implementing nongovernmental partners to management by Rwanda: a political context of integration and decentralization, ownership through national coordination, participation and partnership, equity, efficiency, accountability, and integration of HIV care to strengthen the entire health system.
A Genomic Map of the Effects of Linked Selection in Drosophila
Creators: name: Elyashiv, Eyal
name: Sattath, Shmuel
name: Hu, Tina T.
name: Strutsovsky, Alon
name: McVicker, Graham
name: Andolfatto, Peter
name: Coop, Graham
name: Sella, Guy
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary genetics
subject: Biodiversity
subject: Natural selection--Mathematical models
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biology

description: Natural selection at one site shapes patterns of genetic variation at linked sites. Quantifying the effects of “linked selection” on levels of genetic diversity is key to making reliable inference about demography, building a null model in scans for targets of adaptation, and learning about the dynamics of natural selection. Here, we introduce the first method that jointly infers parameters of distinct modes of linked selection, notably background selection and selective sweeps, from genome-wide diversity data, functional annotations and genetic maps. The central idea is to calculate the probability that a neutral site is polymorphic given local annotations, substitution patterns, and recombination rates. Information is then combined across sites and samples using composite likelihood in order to estimate genome-wide parameters of distinct modes of selection. In addition to parameter estimation, this approach yields a map of the expected neutral diversity levels along the genome. To illustrate the utility of our approach, we apply it to genome-wide resequencing data from 125 lines in Drosophila melanogaster and reliably predict diversity levels at the 1Mb scale. Our results corroborate estimates of a high fraction of beneficial substitutions in proteins and untranslated regions (UTR). They allow us to distinguish between the contribution of sweeps and other modes of selection around amino acid substitutions and to uncover evidence for pervasive sweeps in untranslated regions (UTRs). Our inference further suggests a substantial effect of other modes of linked selection and of adaptation in particular. More generally, we demonstrate that linked selection has had a larger effect in reducing diversity levels and increasing their variance in D. melanogaster than previously appreciated.
Saltman on solidarity
Creators: name: Brown, Lawrence D.
name: Chinitz, David P.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: Medical care
Social policy
Solidarity
Health services administration
Economics

description: Richard Saltman suggests that solidarity, a cherished notion at the heart of West European health care systems is being reconsidered in the light of today’s austere economic conditions. Solidarity, he argues, has always been a flexible moral guideline, one that allows for policy responses, such as limitations on health benefits or increased out of pocket payments, that challenging fiscal conditions are said to demand. Here we consider what the basic elements in solidarity – universality, redistribution, and uniformity-- mean in health as compared to other social policy realms such as pensions. Traditionally, the commitment to solidarity said little about the contents of services, but the latter is perhaps subject to increasing scrutiny under the health policy microscope. Saltman is right to emphasize the conceptual and cross-national flexibility of solidarity, but the notion retains a solid and durable core that continues to give valuable direction to policymakers in search of acceptable strategies and structures for decision making.

Keywords:

Solidarity Health reform Economic austerity
Platonic solids back in the sky: icosahedral inflation
Creators: name: Kang, Jonghee
name: Nicolis, Alberto
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Solids
Astrophysics

description: We generalize the model of solid inflation to an anisotropic cosmic solid. Barring fine tunings, the observed isotropy of the cosmological background and of the scalar two-point function isolate the icosahedral group as the only possible symmetry group of such a solid. In such a case, higher-point correlation functions—starting with the three-point one—are naturally maximally anisotropic, which makes the standard detection strategies highly inefficient and calls for a dedicated analysis of CMB data. The tensor two-point function can also be highly anisotropic, but only in the presence of sizable higher-derivative couplings.
Top-Mode Pseudos at the LHC
Creators: name: Fukano, Hidenori S.
name: Matsuzaki, Shinya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss LHC phenomenologies of the Top-Mode Pseudos $(h^0_t,A^0_t)$, composite pseudo Nambu--Goldstone bosons predicted in the model recently proposed in a framework of the top quark condensation. The CP-even Top-Mode Pseudo, dubbed tHiggs ($h^0_t$), is identified with the 126 GeV Higgs boson at the LHC. We analyze the coupling properties of the tHiggs in comparison with the currently available data reported from LHC Run-I to find that the tHiggs can be consistent with the LHC Higgs boson. The mass formula relating masses of the Top-Mode Pseudos allows us to place an indirect limit on the mass of the CP-odd Top-Mode Pseudo ($A^0_t$) from the constraint on the tHiggs coupling strengths. The presence of the mass formula also significantly affects the coupling property of $A^0_t$, which ensures $A^0_t$ weakly coupled to the Standard Model particles. The direct limit on the mass of $A^0_t$ is placed by data on searches for new resonances in several channels at the LHC Run-I. We find the lower mass bound from both the indirect and direct limits, $m_{A^0_t} \gtrsim 560$ GeV. The discovery channel of $A^0_t$ in the upcoming LHC Run-II is also addressed.
description: 15 pages, 9 figures; v2: discussions updated, some references added, version for publication in PRD and title is changed in published version
A scoping review of the formats and skills of music performance anxiety interventions
Creators: name: Guptill, Christine
name: Sabo, Jeffrey
name: Durand-Bush, Natalie
name: Ly, Valentina
name: Sakata, Naoko
name: Comeau, Gilles
Publisher: name: OSF Registries
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Other Psychology
subject: Music Education
subject: Arts and Humanities
subject: Music
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Music Performance

description: This is a scoping review of the formats and skills that have been used in previous music performance anxiety interventions.