Bignoniaceae Juss.
Creators: name: Hentz Júnior, Elmar J.
name: Lohmann, Lúcia G.
name: Caxambu, Marcelo G.
name: Temponi, Lívia G.
name: Pires Lima, Laura C.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Lamiales
Bignoniaceae

description: Key to the species of Bignoniaceae Juss. from the Iguazú and Iguaçu National Parks
1. Lianas ............................................................................................................................................................................................... 2
- Trees (Tribe Jacarandae and Tabebuia Alliance) ............................................................................................................................ 23
2. Leaves imparipinnate, without terminal leaflet modified into a tendril (Tribe Tecomeae) ........................... Podranea ricasoliana *
- Leaves bi-trifoliolate, with terminal leaflet modified into a tendril (Tribe Bignonieae) .................................................................. 3
3. Tendrils simple ................................................................................................................................................................................. 4
- Tendrils bifid or trifid ..................................................................................................................................................................... 14
4. Petiole and petiolules articulated; calyx with cupular glands; corolla yellow ................................................................................. 5
- Petiole and petiolules not articulated; calyx without cupular glands; corolla lilac, white, magenta, pink, purple, or red ............... 7
5. Dry leaflets dark bronze abaxially, with hyalin margins; corolla 6 cm or longer ................................. Adenocalymma marginatum
- Dry leaflets green abaxially, without hyalin margins; corolla shorter than 6 cm ............................................................................. 6
6. Stem densely lenticellated; prophylls of the axillary buds triangular; calyx with glands arranged in lines; filaments inserted.......... ................................................................................................................................................................ Adenocalymma bracteatum
- Stem not densely lenticellated; prophylls of the axillary buds curved; calyx with glands not arranged in lines; filaments subexserted ................................................................................................................................................. Adenocalymma paulistarum
7. Corolla lilac; nectar disk lacking or poorly developed ..................................................................................................................... 8
- Corolla white, pink or red; nectar disk well-developed ................................................................................................................... 9
8. Stems cylindrical, not winged, with interpetiolar ridge; inflorescences racemose; fruit with spines shorter than 0,6 cm ................. ................................................................................................................................................................................... Bignonia binata
- Stems quadrangular, winged, without interpetiolar ridge; inflorescences thyrsoid; fruit with spines longer than 1 cm .................... ...................................................................................................................................................................... Bignonia sciuripabulum
9. Stem pubescent; leaflets with pinnate venation; corolla white ............................................................................. Fridericia florida
- Stem glabrous or velutine; leaflets with basal actinodromous venation (pinnate in Fridericia samydoides); corolla pink, purple, or red ................................................................................................................................................................................................... 10
10. Corolla pink, shorter than 3 cm ...................................................................................................................................................... 11
- Corolla purple or red, 3 cm or longer ............................................................................................................................................. 12
11. Leaflets reddish when dry ........................................................................................................................................ Fridericia chica
- Leaflets green when dry ................................................................................................................................................................. 13
12. Domatia on the vein axils of the leaflets abaxially; calyx tubular; corolla and lobes puberulous ................. Fridericia triplinervia
- Domatia absent; calyx campanulate; corolla glabrous, lobes velutine ........................................................... Fridericia samydoides
13. Stems without interpetiolar glandular fields; leaflets elliptic .................................................................................. Tanaecium selloi
- Stems with interpetiolar glandular fields (sometimes lacking on young branches); leaflets ovate ................... Fridericia mutabilis
14. Tendrils uncinate ............................................................................................................................................................................. 15
- Tendrils not uncinate ...................................................................................................................................................................... 19
15. Prophylls of the axillary buds ovate; calyx campanulate ........................................................................... Dolichandra unguis-cati
- Prophylls of the axillary buds lanceolate; calyx not campanulate ..................................................................................................16
16. Leaflets with margins serrate ............................................................................................................................ Dolichandra dentata
- Leaflets with margins entire ........................................................................................................................................................... 17
17. Branchlets light purple, shiny; corolla orange or red; anthers and stigma exserted ............................... Dolichandra cynanchoides
- Branchlets green; corolla yellow; anthers and stigma inserted ...................................................................................................... 18
18. Stems glabrous to puberulous; fruit oblong, 4-parted .............................................................................. Dolichandra quadrivalvis
- Stems hispid; fruit linear, 2-parted ................................................................................................................... Dolichandra hispida
19. Corolla orange; anthers and stigma exserted ....................................................................................................... Pyrostegia venusta
- Corolla lilac, white or yellow; anthers and stigma inserted ........................................................................................................... 20
20. Calyx and corolla coriaceous .......................................................................................................................................................... 21
- Calyx and corolla membranaceous ................................................................................................................................................. 22
21. Leaflets with base cordate, obtuse or truncate; corolla white or yellow, curved; fruit surface echinate ............................................. .................................................................................................................................................................. Amphilophium crucigerum
- Leaflets with base acute; corolla lilac, not curved; fruit surface smooth .............................................. Amphilophium paniculatum
22. Vegetative parts without smell; corolla lilac ........................................................................................................... Mansoa difficilis
- Vegetative parts clove smelling; corolla white ............................................................................................... Tynanthus micranthus
23. Leaves bi-pinnate; staminode with glandular trichomes, longer than the stamens (Tribe Jacarandeae) ........................................ 24
- Leaves digitate or tri-foliate; staminode without glandular trichomes, shorter than the stamens (Tabebuia Alliance) ................. 26
24. Leaves with 12 pinnae or more ................................................................................................................... Jacaranda mimosifolia *
- Leaves with less than 12 pinnae ..................................................................................................................................................... 25
25. Leaves with 7 to 9 pinnae, leaflet margins entire or wavy .............................................................................. Jacaranda micrantha
- Leaves with 4 to 6 pinnae, leaflet margins serrate ............................................................................................ Jacaranda puberula
26. Leaflets trifoliolate; corolla pinkish-white ......................................................................................................... Tabebuia roseoalba
- Leaflets palmate; corolla lilac or yellow ........................................................................................................................................ 27
27. Leaflet margins entire; corolla lilac ..................................................................................................... Handroanthus impetiginosus
- Leaflet margins serrate; corolla yellow .......................................................................................................................................... 28
28. Leaflets discolorous, green adaxially, whitish abaxially ................................................................................... Handroanthus albus
- Leaflets concolorous, green on both sides ............................................................................................ Handroanthus chrysotrichus
description: Published as part of Hentz Júnior, Elmar J., Lohmann, Lúcia G., Caxambu, Marcelo G., Temponi, Lívia G. & Pires Lima, Laura C., 2022, Floristic Inventory of the Iguaçu and Iguazú National Parks (Brazil and Argentina): Bignoniaceae, pp. 165-192 in Phytotaxa 570 (2) on pages 169-170, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.570.2.4, http://zenodo.org/record/7256605