cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Compactness bounds in General Relativity
Creators: name: Alho, Artur
name: Natário, José
name: Pani, Paolo
name: Raposo, Guilherme
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A foundational theorem due to Buchdahl states that, within General Relativity (GR), the maximum compactness $\mathcal{C}\equiv GM/(Rc^2)$ of a static, spherically symmetric, perfect fluid object of mass $M$ and radius $R$ is $\mathcal{C}=4/9$. As a corollary, there exists a compactness gap between perfect fluid stars and black holes (where $\mathcal{C}=1/2$). Here we generalize Buchdahl's result by introducing the most general equation of state for elastic matter with constant longitudinal wave speeds and apply it to compute the maximum compactness of regular, self-gravitating objects in GR. We show that: (i) the maximum compactness grows monotonically with the longitudinal wave speed; (ii) elastic matter can exceed Buchdahl's bound and reach the black hole compactness $\mathcal{C}=1/2$ continuously; (iii) however, imposing subluminal wave propagation lowers the maximum compactness bound to $\mathcal{C}\approx0.462$, which we conjecture to be the maximum compactness of \emph{any} static elastic object satisfying causality; (iv) imposing also radial stability further decreases the maximum compactness to $\mathcal{C}\approx 0.389$. Therefore, although anisotropies are often invoked as a mechanism for supporting horizonless ultracompact objects, we argue that the black hole compactness cannot be reached with physically reasonable matter within GR and that true black hole mimickers require either exotic matter or beyond-GR effects.
description: v2: 4 pages, 4 figures; Version submitted to PRD: Major revision extending the class of elastic materials to describe rigid materials beyond spherical-symmetry. Bounds on the compactness modified accordingly but discussion qualitatively similar to the previous version
Isolation and pathogenicity of a fowl adenovirus 8b (FAdV-8b) strain in Cherry Valley ducks
Creators: name: Wu, Bingrong
name: He, Dalin
name: Wei, Feng
name: Zhao, Saisai
name: Tang, Wentao
name: Zhu, Yudong
name: Yu, Shiyu
name: Zhou, Qingqiu
name: Wei, Lei
name: Tang, Yi
name: Diao, Youxiang
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Inclusion body hepatitis (IBH) is an economically important viral disease primarily affecting the poultry industry. In this study, we isolated a strain of FAdV-8b (strain SDYT) from naturally infected ducks and the hexon and fiber gene sequences were analysed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification. In order to study the pathogenicity of FAdV-8b in Cherry Valley ducks, we inoculated 10- and 20-day-old ducks with 0.3 ml of FAdV-4 virus (TCID50 of 105.5/0.1 ml) either orally or intramuscularly. Clinical signs, gross lesions and histopathological changes, cytokines, viral load and antibody levels were observed and recorded within 15 days after infection. Pathomorphological investigations revealed that ducks in the experimental group exhibited hepatitis. Histopathology showed multiple organ damage, including serious liver and kidney lesions. Furthermore, elevated levels of inflammatory cytokines and antibodies were noticed, due to the infection and innate immune response. At a later stage of infection, immunosuppression occurred, resulting in decreased levels of cytokines. Determination of viral load showed that the virus was present in several organs, with the highest viral DNA load found in the liver, followed by the kidney. Compared to birds infected orally, the intramuscular group exhibited the highest viral load. In summary, this study increases our understanding of the pathogenicity of FAdV-8b in ducks and establishes a model that will inform antiviral drug testing and vaccine evaluation for IBH, thereby preventing and reducing the spread of IBH in the poultry industry. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTSA strain (SDYT) of fowl adenovirus 8b (FAdV-8b) was successfully isolated from ducks.Cherry Valley ducks were successfully infected with FAdV-8b.Different routes of infection can lead to duck mortality, more pronounced when birds are injected intramuscularly.FAdV-8b (SDYT) was distributed in various tissues and organs of ducks, causing different degrees of lesions. A strain (SDYT) of fowl adenovirus 8b (FAdV-8b) was successfully isolated from ducks. Cherry Valley ducks were successfully infected with FAdV-8b. Different routes of infection can lead to duck mortality, more pronounced when birds are injected intramuscularly. FAdV-8b (SDYT) was distributed in various tissues and organs of ducks, causing different degrees of lesions.
Comment on "Communication: Simple and accurate uniform electron gas correlation energy for the full range of densities" [J. Chem. Phys. 145, 021101 (2016)]
Creators: name: Karasiev, Valentin V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A simple expression for the uniform electron gas (UEG) correlation energy, recently presented in Ref. [J. Chem. Phys. 145, 021101 (2016)], deviates from the reference quantum Monte-Carlo (QMC) data at large r_s. We propose to define one of the parameters from a requirement to match the large-rs QMC data. Functional with the new parameter provides much better agreement with the QMC data at large r_s without deterioration of the functional quality at small and intermediate r_s.
Effectiveness of Skills Groups for Adolescents in Correctional Settings
Creators: name: Jones, Charlotte
name: Nonas-Barnes, Lucy
Publisher: name: Columbia Social Work Review
Year: 2019

description: According to the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (2014), approximately 50,821 adolescents are held in residential placement facilities on any given day in the United States. Data suggests that about 20% of these adolescents suffer from mental health issues (Shelton, et al., 2011). This paper reviewed studies of three different group work-based treatment interventions: mindfulness, cognitive-behavioral therapy, and dialectical-behavioral therapy. The analysis will examine whether these interventions can effectively reduce maladaptive cognitions and decrease self-destructive behaviors, and whether they can be applied to adolescents aged 12-19 in correctional settings.
description: Columbia Social Work Review, Vol 15 No 1 (2017)
Can late-time extensions solve the $H_0$ and $σ_8$ tensions?
Creators: name: Heisenberg, Lavinia
name: Villarrubia-Rojo, Hector
name: Zosso, Jann
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the properties that any late-time modification of the $Λ$CDM expansion history must have in order to consistently solve both the $H_0$ and the $σ_8$ tensions. Taking a model-independent approach, we obtain a set of necessary conditions that can be applied to generic late-time extensions. Our results are fully analytical and merely based on the assumptions that the deviations from the $Λ$CDM background remain small. For the concrete case of a dark energy fluid with equation of state $w(z)$, we derive the following general requirements: (i) Solving the $H_0$ tension demands $w(z)<-1$ at some $z$ (ii) Solving both the $H_0$ and $σ_8$ tensions requires $w(z)$ to cross the phantom divide. Finally, we also allow for small deviations on the effective gravitational constant. In this case, our method is still able to constrain the functional form of these deviations.
description: 15 pages, 6 figures. Companion paper to arXiv:2201.11623
Investigation of the intramolecular aza-ene reaction for the construction of aromatic and heterocyclic compounds and : Synthesis of β-amino acid derivatives via catalytic asymmetric hydrogenation
Creators: name: Suraweera, Rupika .
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Nikolaus Ludwig Graf von Zinzendorf als Klassiker der Praktischen Theologie und seine Vermittlung an die Gesamtkirche durch Friedrich Schleiermacher
Creators: name: Zimmerling, Peter
Publisher: name: Unitas Fratrum
Year: 1970

description: Unitas Fratrum, Bd. 79 (2020): Unitas Fratrum, Band 79
Benchmarking the Multi-dimensional Stellar Implicit Code MUSIC
Creators: name: Goffrey, T.
name: Pratt, J.
name: Viallet, M.
name: Baraffe, I.
name: Popov, M. V.
name: Walder, R.
name: Folini, D.
name: Geroux, C.
name: Constantino, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of a numerical benchmark study for the MUlti-dimensional Stellar Implicit Code (MUSIC) based on widely applicable two- and three-dimensional compressible hydrodynamics problems relevant to stellar interiors. MUSIC is an implicit large eddy simulation code that uses implicit time integration, implemented as a Jacobian-free Newton Krylov method. A physics based preconditioning technique which can be adjusted to target varying physics is used to improve the performance of the solver. The problems used for this benchmark study include the Rayleigh-Taylor and Kelvin-Helmholtz instabilities, and the decay of the Taylor-Green vortex. Additionally we show a test of hydrostatic equilibrium, in a stellar environment which is dominated by radiative effects. In this setting the flexibility of the preconditioning technique is demonstrated. This work aims to bridge the gap between the hydrodynamic test problems typically used during development of numerical methods and the complex flows of stellar interiors. A series of multi-dimensional tests are performed and analysed. Each of these test cases is analysed with a simple, scalar diagnostic, with the aim of enabling direct code comparisons. As the tests performed do not have analytic solutions we verify MUSIC by comparing to established codes including ATHENA and the PENCIL code. MUSIC is able to both reproduce behaviour from established and widely-used codes as well as results expected from theoretical predictions. This benchmarking study concludes a series of papers describing the development of the MUSIC code and provides confidence in the future applications.
description: 11 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
Berufliche Integration von geflüchteten Menschen aus Afghanistan und Syrien: Eine explorative Forschungsarbeit mit Fokus auf den Kanton Aargau
Creators: name: Al-Salloum, Hisham
name: Haidari, Nahid
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Die vorliegende Bachelorarbeit beschäftigt sich mit den Herausforderungen von geflüchteten Menschen aus Afghanistan und Syrien in Bezug auf ihre berufliche Integration im Kanton Aargau. Das Ziel ist es, geflüchteten Menschen eine Stimme zu geben. Sie sollen ihre Expertise und ihre Erfahrungen in den Diskurs einbringen, weshalb eine qualitative Vorgehensweise verfolgt wird. Um ein Bild über die Situation im Herkunftsland und dem «neuen» Leben in der Schweiz zu geben, werden gesellschaftliche, kulturelle und politische Kontextbedingungen der beiden Kriegsgebiete erläutert. Ebenso sind institutionelle und strukturelle Rahmenbedingungen, welche die berufliche Integration in der Schweiz bzw. im Kanton Aargau regeln, aufgearbeitet. Hinter den Regeln stehen die Ziele der Integrationsagenda Schweiz und die Ausgestaltung der Kantonalen Integrationsprogramme. Mit je drei geflüchteten Menschen aus Afghanistan und Syrien wurde mittels eines Leitfadens ein Gespräch auf Augenhöhe geführt. Mithilfe der strukturierten qualitativen Inhaltsanalyse nach Kuckartz und Rädiker (2022) erfolgte die Datenauswertung. Die Analyseergebnisse verdeutlichen, dass geflüchtete Menschen insbesondere mit strukturellen Mechanismen und rechtlichen Schwierigkeiten zu kämpfen haben. Ausserdem sind sie nicht ausreichend über Integrationsmöglichkeiten informiert, wodurch sie ihre persönlichen Fähigkeiten kaum einbringen können. Die Integration von geflüchteten Menschen gelingt dann, wenn möglichst alle Akteur*innen einen Beitrag leisten. Es braucht Aufklärungs- und Sensibilisierungsarbeit und vorurteilsfreie Interaktion, sowohl auf gesellschaftlicher als auch auf arbeitsmarktlicher Ebene sowie in der Sozialen Arbeit.
description: + Code Diss LU: hslusa basa be + Fussnote: Bachelor-Arbeit, Hochschule Luzern – Soziale Arbeit, Studienrichtung Sozialarbeit, 2023 + NL-Code: NLLUHSA202309
The Herschel-ATLAS Data Release 1 Paper I: Maps, Catalogues and Number Counts
Creators: name: Valiante, E.
name: Smith, M. W. L.
name: Eales, S.
name: Maddox, S. J.
name: Ibar, E.
name: Hopwood, R.
name: Dunne, L.
name: Cigan, P. J.
name: Dye, S.
name: Pascale, E.
name: Rigby, E. E.
name: Bourne, N.
name: Furlanetto, C.
name: Ivison, R. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first major data release of the largest single key-project in area carried out in open time with the Herschel Space Observatory. The Herschel Astrophysical Terahertz Large Area Survey (H-ATLAS) is a survey of 600 deg^2 in five photometric bands - 100, 160, 250, 350 and 500 um - with the PACS and SPIRE cameras. In this paper and a companion paper (Bourne et al. 2016) we present the survey of three fields on the celestial equator, covering a total area of 161.6 deg^2 and previously observed in the Galaxy and Mass Assembly (GAMA) spectroscopic survey. This paper describes the Herschel images and catalogues of the sources detected on the SPIRE 250 um images. The 1-sigma noise for source detection, including both confusion and instrumental noise, is 7.4, 9.4 and 10.2 mJy at 250, 350 and 500 um. Our catalogue includes 120230 sources in total, with 113995, 46209 and 11011 sources detected at >4-sigma at 250, 350 and 500 um. The catalogue contains detections at >3-sigma at 100 and 160 um for 4650 and 5685 sources, and the typical noise at these wavelengths is 44 and 49 mJy. We include estimates of the completeness of the survey and of the effects of flux bias and also describe a novel method for determining the true source counts. The H-ATLAS source counts are very similar to the source counts from the deeper HerMES survey at 250 and 350 um, with a small difference at 500 um. Appendix A provides a quick start in using the released datasets, including instructions and cautions on how to use them.
description: Accepted by MNRAS; data available at www.h-atlas.org
Rescuing the Self from Selflessness
Creators: name: Salee, Steve
name: Sibley, Jonathan
Publisher: name: Columbia Social Work Review
Year: 2019

description: This article examines the risks faced by helping professionals, such as clinical social workers, due to their tendency to be more attentive to clients than to their own needs. It is suggested that clinicians can improve job engagement and minimize burnout risk through increased self-awareness and self-care. Using an approach based on Giddens’ (1984) structuration theory, the authors provide specific suggestions for self-awareness and self-care, including the concept that workers should improve and exercise their self-advocacy skills as a form of self-care.
description: Columbia Social Work Review, Vol 2 No 1 (2004)
Searching for Ultra-light Bosons and Constraining Black Hole Spin Distributions with Stellar Tidal Disruption Events
Creators: name: Du, Peizhi
name: Egana-Ugrinovic, Daniel
name: Essig, Rouven
name: Fragione, Giacomo
name: Perna, Rosalba
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Stars that pass close to the supermassive black holes located in the center of galaxies can be violently disrupted by tidal forces, leading to flares that are observed as bright transient events in sky surveys. The rate for these events to occur depends on the black hole spins, which in turn can be affected by ultra-light bosons due to superradiance. We perform a detailed analysis of these effects and show that searches for stellar tidal disruptions have a significant potential to uncover the existence of ultra-light bosons. In particular, we find that upcoming stellar tidal disruption rate measurements by the Vera Rubin Observatory's Legacy Survey of Space and Time can be used to either discover or rule out bosons with masses ranging from $10^{-20}$ to $10^{-18}$ eV. Our analysis also indicates that these measurements may be used to constrain a variety of supermassive black hole spin distributions and determine if close-to maximal spins are preferred.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
The Use of Play Therapy with Child Victims
Creators: name: Aarons, Jamie D.
Publisher: name: Columbia Social Work Review
Year: 2019

description: Over three million children in the United States are reported to state child protection services as alleged victims of sexual, physical, and emotional abuse and neglect each year. Of these cases, approximately 903,000 are substantiated. Twelve percent of the substantiated cases involve child sexual abuse. This author provides an overview of the prevalence, risk factors, and symptomology of sexually abused children and critically examines the use of play therapy as an assessment and intervention tool.
description: Columbia Social Work Review, Vol 2 No 1 (2004)
Massive black holes at high redshifts from superconducting cosmic strings
Creators: name: Cyr, Bryce
name: Jiao, Hao
name: Brandenberger, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The observation of quasars at high redshifts presents a mystery in the theory of black hole formation. In order to source such objects, one often relies on the presence of heavy seeds ($M \approx 10^{4-6} \, M_{\odot}$) in place at early times. Unfortunately, the formation of these heavy seeds are difficult to realize within the standard astrophysical context. Here, we investigate whether superconducting cosmic string loops can source sufficiently strong overdensities in the early universe to address this mystery. We review a set of direct collapse conditions under which a primordial gas cloud will undergo monolithic collapse into a massive black hole (forming with a mass of $M_{BH} \approx 10^5 \, M_{\odot}$ at $z \approx 300$ in our scenario), and systematically show how superconducting cosmic string loops can satisfy such conditions in regions of the $Gμ-I$ parameter space.
description: 12 pages, 1 appendix, comments welcome!
The volcanology of the Norseman komatiite and the evolution of the Norseman greenstone sequence, Norseman, Western Australia
Creators: name: Cherry, Jason L. .
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
A Brief Review of Issues in PTSD Research Following the September 11 Tragedies
Creators: name: Jeon, Sarah S.
name: Marroquin, Terra
Publisher: name: Columbia Social Work Review
Year: 2019

description: The attacks on the World Trade Center (WTC) on September 11, 2001 resulted in the largest loss of life due to terrorism that the United States has ever encountered. Terrorism often results in pronounced numbers of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) cases. Following the September 11 attacks, many research studies reported increases in PTSD, Post Traumatic Stress Symptoms (PTSS), and stress reactions; however, the inconsistency in the methods used to gather and analyze data poses problems in comparing and interpreting these results. A brief review of the methods used in trauma-related research following September 11 is presented. Guidelines for interpreting this research are also presented.
description: Columbia Social Work Review, Vol 2 No 1 (2004)
Discovering Patterns in Time-Varying Graphs: A Triclustering Approach
Creators: name: Guigourès, Romain
name: Boullé, Marc
name: Rossi, Fabrice
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper introduces a novel technique to track structures in time varying graphs. The method uses a maximum a posteriori approach for adjusting a three-dimensional co-clustering of the source vertices, the destination vertices and the time, to the data under study, in a way that does not require any hyper-parameter tuning. The three dimensions are simultaneously segmented in order to build clusters of source vertices, destination vertices and time segments where the edge distributions across clusters of vertices follow the same evolution over the time segments. The main novelty of this approach lies in that the time segments are directly inferred from the evolution of the edge distribution between the vertices, thus not requiring the user to make any a priori quantization. Experiments conducted on artificial data illustrate the good behavior of the technique, and a study of a real-life data set shows the potential of the proposed approach for exploratory data analysis.
description: Advances in Data Analysis and Classification, Springer Verlag, 2015, Online First
Localized orbital scaling correction for periodic systems
Creators: name: Mahler, Aaron
name: Williams, Jacob Z.
name: Su, Neil Qiang
name: Yang, Weitao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Density functional theory offers accurate structure prediction at acceptable computational cost, but commonly used approximations suffer from delocalization error; this results in inaccurate predictions of quantities such as energy band gaps of finite and bulk systems, energy level alignments, and electron distributions at interfaces. The localized orbital scaling correction (LOSC) was developed to correct delocalization error by using orbitals localized in space and energy. These localized orbitals span both the occupied and unoccupied spaces and can have fractional occupations in order to correct both the total energy and the one-electron energy eigenvalues. We extend the LOSC method to periodic systems, in which the localized orbitals employed are dually localized Wannier functions. In light of the effect of the bulk environment on the electrostatic interaction between localized orbitals, we modify the LOSC energy correction to include a screened Coulomb kernel. For a test set of semiconductors and large-gap insulators, we show that the screened LOSC (sLOSC) method consistently improves the band gap compared to the parent density functional approximation.
description: 12 pages + appendix. Updated after reviewer comments
Fabrication of new carbon-based thin film materials with potential application in electrochemistry
Creators: name: Takahashi, Shun.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
PIWD: A Plugin-based Framework for Well-Designed SPARQL
Creators: name: Zhang, Xiaowang
name: Song, Zhenyu
name: Feng, Zhiyong
name: Wang, Xin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In the real world datasets (e.g.,DBpedia query log), queries built on well-designed patterns containing only AND and OPT operators (for short, WDAO-patterns) account for a large proportion among all SPARQL queries. In this paper, we present a plugin-based framework for all SELECT queries built on WDAO-patterns, named PIWD. The framework is based on a parse tree called \emph{well-designed AND-OPT tree} (for short, WDAO-tree) whose leaves are basic graph patterns (BGP) and inner nodes are the OPT operators. We prove that for any WDAO-pattern, its parse tree can be equivalently transformed into a WDAO-tree. Based on the proposed framework, we can employ any query engine to evaluate BGP for evaluating queries built on WDAO-patterns in a convenient way. Theoretically, we can reduce the query evaluation of WDAO-patterns to subgraph homomorphism as well as BGP since the query evaluation of BGP is equivalent to subgraph homomorphism. Finally, our preliminary experiments on gStore and RDF-3X show that PIWD can answer all queries built on WDAO-patterns effectively and efficiently.
description: 16 pages
The Battle for Effective Sexuality Education
Creators: name: Friedman, Jennifer
Publisher: name: Columbia Social Work Review
Year: 2019

description: The debate over sexuality education reveals important issues regarding government regulation of personal behavior and the role of values in social welfare policy. While often regulated to the realm of public health, the promotion of effective approaches to sexuality education is closely aligned with social work’s mission to empower clients and increase their access to resources and information. This article will cover historical trends in sexuality education, the current federal policy and alternatives, and discuss the limitations and subsequent consequences for future policy. Additionally, this article will highlight the important implications of the sexuality education debate for the social work profession.
description: Columbia Social Work Review, Vol 2 No 1 (2004)
Gravitational chiral anomaly for spin 3/2 field interacting with spin 1/2 field
Creators: name: Prokhorov, G. Yu.
name: Teryaev, O. V.
name: Zakharov, V. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The gravitational chiral quantum anomaly is calculated in the framework of the extended Rarita-Schwinger-Adler (RSA) field theory, which includes the interaction with an additional spin 1/2 field. It is shown that the factor in the gravitational chiral anomaly, normalized to the Dirac field anomaly, is equal to -19. The resulting value distinguishes the RSA theory from the other theories of spin 3/2. A direct verification of the conformality of the RSA theory in the strong interaction limit at the level of one-loop three-point graphs was made.
description: 12 pages, 1 figure
A Case of Trickle-Down Feminism
Creators: name: Cameron, Kari Kendall
Publisher: name: Columbia Social Work Review
Year: 2019

description: “Trickle-down feminism,” a notion that rights and privileges enjoyed by an elite group of women will trickle down and benefit the majority of women, is wholly ineffective in promoting positive social change. It should be replaced by the principles of equalism, a belief in the value and responsibility of all people. Social workers, through our professional experience and knowledge of family dynamics, can play a pivotal role in promoting equalism over trickle-down feminism.
description: Columbia Social Work Review, Vol 1 No 1 (2003)
Supramolecular capsules based on tetra-p-sulfonatocalix[4]arene
Creators: name: Ness, Timothy James.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Dark Matter in Galaxy Clusters: a Parametric Strong Lensing Approach
Creators: name: Limousin, Marceau
name: Beauchesne, Benjamin
name: Jullo, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a parametric strong lensing analysis of three massive clusters. Our aim is to probe the inner shape of dark matter haloes, in particular the existence of a core. We adopt the following working hypothesis: any group/cluster scale dark matter clump introduced in the modelling should be associated with a luminous counterpart. We also adopt some additional well motivated priors in the analysis, even if this degrades the quality of the fit, quantified using the RMS between the observed and model generated images. In particular, in order to alleviate the degeneracy between the smooth underlying component and the galaxy scale perturbers, we use the results from spectroscopic campaigns by Bergamini et al. (2019) allowing to fix the mass of the galaxy scale component. In the unimodal galaxy cluster AS1063, a cored mass model is favored with respect to a non cored mass model, and this is also the case in the multimodal cluster MACSJ0416. In the unimodal cluster MACSJ1206, we fail to reproduce the strong lensing constraints using a parametric approach within the adopted working hypothesis. We then successfully add a mild perturbation in the form of a superposition of B-spline potentials which allows to get a decent fit (RMS=0.5"), finally finding that a cored mass model is favored. Overall, our analysis suggest evidence for cored cluster scale dark matter haloes. These findings may be useful to interpret within alternative dark matter scenario, as self interacting dark matter. We propose a working hypothesis for parametric strong lensing modelling where the quest for the best fit model will be balanced by the quest for presenting a physically motivated mass model, in particular by imposing priors.
description: Final version accepted by A&A on June 2022
Enhanced Higgs pair production from higgsino decay at the HL-LHC
Creators: name: Dai, Jianpeng
name: Liu, Tao
name: Wang, Daohan
name: Yang, Jin Min
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The scenario of multi-sector SUSY breaking predicts pseudo-goldstinos which are not absorbed by the gravitino and their mass can be as low as ${{\cal O} (0.1)}$ GeV. Since the interactions of pseudo-goldstinos are not so weak as gravitino, a produced higgsino can decay to a pseudo-goldstino plus a Higgs boson insider the detector at the LHC, and thus the higgsino pair production can lead to the signal of Higgs pair plus missing energy. For the scenario of natural SUSY which requires rather light higgsinos, such events may sizably outnumber the Higgs pair events predicted by the SM and be accessible at the HL-LHC (14 TeV with a luminosity of 3~$\rm{ab}^{-1}$). In this work we examine the observability of such Higgs pair plus missing energy from the decay of light higgsinos produced at the HL-LHC. Considering three channels of the Higgs-pair decay ($bbWW^*$, $bbγγ$, $bbbb$), our detailed Monte Carlo simulations for the signal and backgrounds show that the best channel is $bbbb+\textrm{E\!\!\!\! \!\slash}_T$, whose statistical significance can reach $2σ$ level for a light higgsino allowed by current experiments. This is over the SM Higgs pair result which is about $1.8σ$.
description: 1+19 pages, 7 figs, 4 tables, analysis result added, references added and a typo removed
Unsichtbar – LGBTQ* Personen im Justizvollzug: Die Menschenrechtsprofession Soziale Arbeit hat Handlungsbedarf
Creators: name: Berlinger, Nicole
name: Erni, Silvia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Soziale Arbeit als Menschenrechtsprofession hat sich für die Interessen der Klientel stark zu machen und sich für den gesellschaftlichen Wandel zu engagieren. Wie kann dies geschehen, wenn Personengruppen systematisch unsichtbar bleiben? LGBTQ* Personen im Justizvollzug sind Anforderungen ausgesetzt, welche sie als besonders schützenswert ausweisen. Dies, weil sie mehrfache Abweichungen gegenüber gesellschaftlichen Normen zeigen. Durch ihr straffälliges Verhalten werden ihnen soziale Probleme attestiert, die es durch Resozialisierungsprozesse zu verbessern gilt. Weiter sind sie aufgrund ihrer sexuellen Orientierung und/oder geschlechtlichen Identität, Menschen, welche in einem heteronormativ geprägten Justizvollzug nicht einfach bedarfsgerecht unterzubringen sind. Vielmehr sind sie Diskriminierungen, einem erhöhten Gesundheitsrisiko, Machtgefälle und sexuellem Missbrauch ausgesetzt. Gleichzeitig hat der Justizvollzug und die darin tätigen Professionen alle Menschen gleichermassen zu schützen und sich für ihre körperliche und geistige Unversehrtheit einzusetzen. Hier kommt der Sozialen Arbeit eine besondere Bedeutung zu. Sie soll das Spannungsfeld zwischen Abweichung und Norm so bearbeiten, dass unterstützungswürdige Personen Hilfeleistungen erhalten und zur Selbständigkeit begleitet werden können, um in der Gesellschaft Inklusion zu erfahren. Doch wie kann etwas geschützt werden, wenn es unsichtbar ist? In dieser Bachelor-Arbeit wird aufgezeigt, warum LGBTQ* Personen gerade auch im Justizvollzug besonderen Schutz erhalten müssen und welche notwendigen Strukturen dafür geschaffen werden sollten.
description: + Code Diss LU: hslusa basa be + Fussnote: Bachelor-Arbeit, Hochschule Luzern – Soziale Arbeit, Studienrichtung Sozialarbeit, 2023 + NL-Code: NLLUHSA202309
Companion animals in the city of Monash (Melbourne) : a spatial pattern analysis in aid of management
Creators: name: Poon, Kathlyn.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Proposals for Improving the Reintegration Process of American Soldiers
Creators: name: Chan, Edward
Publisher: name: Columbia Social Work Review
Year: 2019

description: Studies have consistently found high prevalence rates of veterans who experience difficulties reintegrating into civilian life, ranging between 50-61%. This paper assesses the current limitations of America’s reintegration methods for military veterans. Commonly identified issues include difficulty finding employment, challenges with readjusting to daily life with family members, and stigma associated with seeking mental health services in military culture. This paper explores three proposals for how social workers can address these limitations in a way that would significantly improve veterans’ reintegration processes. The first proposal aims to improve employment rates by creating a market economy exclusively for retiring service members. The second proposal aims to improve service members’ ability to reintegrate with their family members by placing a stronger emphasis on this domain in the Transition Assistance Program, a mandatory program that all retiring service members must undergo before being discharged. The third proposal aims to increase veterans’ use of mental health services by promoting the use of these services as early on as boot camp. By implementing these proposals, the United States could significantly reduce the prevalence rate of veterans who have difficulty reintegrating.
description: Columbia Social Work Review, Vol 16 No 1 (2018)
Chromium analogues of Iron-based superconductors
Creators: name: Edelmann, Martin
name: Sangiovanni, Giorgio
name: Capone, Massimo
name: Medici, Luca de'
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically investigate the $d^4$ (Cr$^{2+}$) compound BaCr$_2$As$_2$ and show that, despite non-negligible differences in the electronic structure, its many-body physics mirrors that of BaFe$_2$As$_2$, which has instead a $d^6$ (Fe$^{2+}$) configuration. This reflects a symmetry of the electron correlation effects around the half-filled $d^5$ Mott insulating state. The experimentally known metallic antiferromagnetic phase is correctly modeled by dynamical mean-field theory, and for realistic values of the interaction it shows a moderate mass enhancement of order $\sim$2. This value decreases if the ordered moment grows as a result of a stronger interaction. The antiferromagnetic phase diagram for this $d^4$ shows similarities with that calculated for the $d^6$ systems. Correspondingly, in the paramagnetic phase the influence of the half-filled Mott insulator shows up as a crossover from a weakly correlated to an orbitally differentiated "Hund's metal" phase which reflects an analogous phenomenon in $d^6$ iron compounds including a strong enhancement of the compressibility in a zone just inside the frontier between the normal and the Hund's metal. The experimental evidence and our theoretical description place BaCr$_2$As$_2$ at interaction strength slightly below the crossover which implies that negative pressures and/or electron doping (e.g. Cr $\rightarrow$ Mn,Fe or Ba $\rightarrow$ Sc,Y,La) might strongly enhance the compressibility, thereby possibly inducing a pairing instability in this non-superconducting compound.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures
Probing emergent QED in quantum spin ice via Raman scattering of phonons: shallow inelastic scattering and pair production
Creators: name: Seth, Arnab
name: Bhattacharjee, Subhro
name: Moessner, Roderich
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new mechanism for Raman scattering of phonons, which is based on the linear magnetoelastic coupling present in non-Kramers magnetic ions. This provides a direct coupling of Raman-active phonons to the magnet's quasiparticles. We propose to use this mechanism to probe the emergent magnetic monopoles, electric charges, and photons of the emergent quantum electrodynamics (eQED) of the U(1) quantum spin liquid known as quantum spin ice. Detecting this eQED in candidate rare-earth pyrochlore materials, or indeed signatures of topological magnetic phases more generally, is a challenging task. We show that the Raman scattering cross-section of the phonons directly yields relevant information, with the broadening of the phonon linewidth, which we compute, exhibiting a characteristic frequency dependence reflecting the two-particle density of states of the emergent excitations. Remarkably, we find that the Raman linewidth is sensitive to the details of the symmetry fractionalisation and hence can reveal information about the projective implementation of symmetry in the quantum spin liquid, thereby providing a diagnostic for a $π$-flux phase. The Raman scattering of the phonons thus provides a useful experimental tool to probe the fractionalisation in quantum spin liquids that turns out closely to mirror pair production in quantum electrodynamics and the deep inelastic scattering of quantum chromodynamics. Indeed, the difference to the latter is conceptual more than technical: the partons (quarks) emerge from the hadrons at high energies due to asymptotic freedom, while those in eQED arise from fractionalisation of the spins at low energies.
description: 31 pages, 20 figures
Play Therapy and Youth Experiencing Homelessness
Creators: name: Wiskind, Rachel
Publisher: name: Columbia Social Work Review
Year: 2019

description: Youth experiencing homelessness suffer both short-term and long- term negative effects: the rate of mental health problems in the United States (U.S.) seems to be higher for youth experiencing homelessness than for the general population (Baggerly, 2004), and twenty percent of adults experiencing homelessness were homeless as children (National Coalition for the Homeless, 1999). Child-centered play therapy (CCPT) has been shown to offer positive short-term effects on self-esteem, developmental delays, and other socio-emotional delays of U.S. youth (Leblanc & Ritchie, 2001). While CCPT shows promise, the benefits of CCPT for youth experiencing homelessness are underexplored. It is imperative that social workers study the potential longitudinal benefits of CCPT specifically for youth experiencing homelessness so that they can continue to provide the most effective therapies to their clients in the short and long terms.
description: Columbia Social Work Review, Vol 16 No 1 (2018)
Fermi surface reconstruction and drop of Hall number due to spiral antiferromagnetism in high-$T_c$ cuprates
Creators: name: Eberlein, Andreas
name: Metzner, Walter
name: Sachdev, Subir
name: Yamase, Hiroyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that a Fermi surface reconstruction due to spiral antiferromagnetic order may explain the rapid change in the Hall number as recently observed near optimal doping in cuprate superconductors [Badoux~\textit{et. al.}, Nature \textbf{531}, 210 (2016)]. The single-particle spectral function in the spiral state exhibits hole pockets which look like Fermi arcs due to a strong momentum dependence of the spectral weight. Adding charge-density wave order further reduces the Fermi surface to a single electron pocket. We propose quantum oscillation measurements to distinguish between commensurate and spiral antiferromagnetic order. Similar results apply to certain metals in which topological order replaces antiferromagnetic order.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, including 2 pages supplementary material
Mass Incarceration
Creators: name: Washington, Durrell Malik
Publisher: name: Columbia Social Work Review
Year: 2019

description: Black and brown men are negatively impacted by the criminal justice system and have been incarcerated at higher rates than any other group in the United States (Knafo, 2013). The United States criminal justice system is built on punishment and exploitation rather than rehabilitation, resulting in higher rates of incarceration and recidivism compared to other developed nations (Gilligan, 2012). Countries such as Norway and the United Kingdom take a more humane approach to their criminal justice system, resulting in low recidivism rates (Sterbenz, 2014). Implementing policies that aim to keep families connected with individuals who are incarcerated is a major way to reduce recidivism rates (Clarke, 2013). Using New York State as a case study, this paper will propose extending conjugal visits beyond medium and low-security prisons and implementing Skype technology in prisons and jails as policy solutions to promote the well-being of people who are incarcerated and keep them from returning to prison once they are released. Social workers can play a vital role in efforts made to shift the United States’ criminal justice system from a culture of punishment towards a restorative model.
description: Columbia Social Work Review, Vol 16 No 1 (2018)
Chancengleiche Teilhabe im digitalen Zeitalter Handlungsmöglichkeiten für die Soziale Arbeit in der Schule
Creators: name: Arnet, Elin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Im Jahr 2023 wachsen Kinder in einer zunehmend digitalen und mediatisierten Lebenswelt auf. Das eröffnet Chancen für eine verbesserte gesellschaftliche Teilhabe, beispielsweise durch neue Informations- und Kommunikationsmöglichkeiten. Von diesen Chancen profitiert nur, wer über ausreichend Zugang zu digitalen Ressourcen und genügend Kompetenzen im Umgang mit Medien und digitalen Technologien verfügt. Weiter spielen die Motivation, das Nutzungsverhalten und der Datenschutz eine Rolle. Es bilden sich neue Exklusionsmechanismen, welche sich negativ auf die Teilhabe in einer Gesellschaft auswirken. Der Graben scheint sich insbesondere entlang der sozialen Herkunft und des kulturellen Kapitals zu manifestieren. Studien zeigen, dass Familien mit geringem kulturellem Kapital schlechtere Voraussetzungen haben, von der digitalen Transformation zu profitieren. Um diesem sozialen Problem zu begegnen, bieten sich sowohl im familiären als auch im schulischen Kontext Massnahmen an. Die Soziale Arbeit in der Schule kann an der Schnittstelle zwischen Bildung und Erziehung mit ihren Funktionen Prävention, Früherkennung und Behandlung sowie mit ihren Methoden einen Beitrag zur chancengleichen Teilhabe von Kindern im digitalen Zeitalter leisten. Dabei kann sie auf die Erfahrungen aus der Kinder- und Jugendhilfe sowie auf jene von verschiedenen Fachstellen zurückgreifen. Bedingung ist jedoch, dass sich die Soziale Arbeit in der Schule mit der digitalen Transformation auseinandersetzt und ihre Rolle, ihren Auftrag und ihre Position klärt. Nicht zu Letzt ist sie selbst von der digitalen Transformation betroffen und deshalb gefordert, die eigenen Rahmenbedingungen anzupassen.
description: + Code Diss LU: hslusa basa be + Fussnote: Bachelor-Arbeit, Hochschule Luzern – Soziale Arbeit, Studienrichtung Sozialarbeit, 2023 + NL-Code: NLLUHSA202309
Many-body Green's function approach to lattice thermal transport
Creators: name: Caldarelli, Giovanni
name: Simoncelli, Michele
name: Marzari, Nicola
name: Mauri, Francesco
name: Benfatto, Lara
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent progress in understanding thermal transport in complex crystals has highlighted the prominent role of heat conduction mediated by interband tunneling processes, which emerge between overlapping phonon bands (i.e. with energy differences smaller than their broadenings). These processes have recently been described in different ways, relying on the Wigner or Green-Kubo formalism, leading to apparently different results which question the definition of the heat-current operator. Here, we implement a full quantum approach based on the Kubo formula, elucidating analogies and differences with the recently introduced Wigner or Green-Kubo formulations, and extending the description of thermal transport to the overdamped regime of atomic vibrations, where the phonon quasiparticle picture breaks down. We rely on first-principles calculations on complex crystals with ultralow conductivity to compare numerically the thermal conductivity obtained within the aforementioned approaches, showing that at least in the quasiparticle regime the differences are negligible for practical applications.
description: 28 pages, 5 figures