cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
ClinValAI: A framework for developing cloud-based infrastructures for the external clinical validation of AI in medical imaging
Creators: name: Ojas A Ramwala
name: Lowry, Kathryn P
name: Hippe, Daniel S
name: Unrath, Matthew P N
name: Nyflot, Matthew J
name: Mooney, Sean D
name: Lee, Christoph I
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2024

description: Artificial Intelligence (AI) algorithms showcase the potential to steer a paradigm shift in clinical medicine, especially medical imaging. Concerns associated with model generalizability and biases necessitate rigorous external validation of AI algorithms prior to their adoption into clinical workflows. To address the barriers associated with patient privacy, intellectual property, and diverse model requirements, we introduce ClinValAI, a framework for establishing robust cloud-based infrastructures to clinically validate AI algorithms in medical imaging. By featuring dedicated workflows for data ingestion, algorithm scoring, and output processing, we propose an easily customizable method to assess AI models and investigate biases. Our novel orchestration mechanism facilitates utilizing the complete potential of the cloud computing environment. ClinValAI’s input auditing and standardization mechanisms ensure that inputs consistent with model prerequisites are provided to the algorithm for a streamlined validation. The scoring workflow comprises multiple steps to facilitate consistent inferencing and systematic troubleshooting. The output processing workflow helps identify and analyze samples with missing results and aggregates final outputs for downstream analysis. We demonstrate the usability of our work by evaluating a state-of-the-art breast cancer risk prediction algorithm on a large and diverse dataset of 2D screening mammograms. We perform comprehensive statistical analysis to study model calibration and evaluate performance on important factors, including breast density, age, and race, to identify latent biases. ClinValAI provides a holistic framework to validate medical imaging models and has the potential to advance the development of generalizable AI models in clinical medicine and promote health equity.
“Attracting all Indians under the Pretext of Religion”: Dutch-Indigenous Relations and the Moravian Mission in Berbice (1738-1763)
Creators: name: Keulen, Marie
Publisher: name: Global Histories: A Student Journal
Year: 2021

description: In the middle decades of the eighteenth century, the Dutch colony Berbice on the northern coast of South America formed the stage of the short but successful mission of the Moravian Church among the Indigenous people of the region. Whereas from the perspective of the Moravians this religious mission was part of their numerous missionary activities in the Atlantic world from the 1730s onwards, for the governor, council, planters, and various Amerindian groups living in Berbice the arrival of the missionaries was something new. This article brings together the historiographical fields of Moravian missions in the Atlantic world on the one hand and Dutch-Indigenous relations on the other hand. Examining the reaction of the local and metropolitan colonial authorities to the Moravian community and the missionaries’ interaction with different Indigenous population groups inhabiting the region, this article argues that the history of the Moravian community in Berbice opens a window through which Dutch-Indigenous relations can be investigated. From the perspective of the Dutch colonial authorities, the alliances with the Amerindian peoples were of vital importance for oppressing the majority enslaved population, and the interactions between their much needed-allies and the Moravian missionaries were seen as a threat. Using colonial archival material on the conflicts and confrontations between missionaries and authorities, this article shows that their relationship was primarily defined by the (desired) interactions of both parties with the Amerindian populations. It shows the colonial perspective on the interactions between European missionaries and Indigenous groups while revealing the metropolitan and local authority’s priorities, limits, and fears.
description: Global Histories: A Student Journal, Vol. 7 No. 1 (2021): Global histories 7 (1)
The Virtual Resolutions Package for Macaulay2
Creators: name: Almousa, Ayah
name: Bruce, Juliette
name: Loper, Michael C.
name: Sayrafi, Mahrud
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We introduce the VirtualResolution package for the computer algebra system Macaulay2. This package has tools to construct, display, and study virtual resolutions for products of projective spaces. The package also has tools for generating curves in $\mathbb{P}^1\times\mathbb{P}^2$, providing sources for interesting virtual resolutions.
description: Minor revisions to exposition
Upper bounds for regularized determinants
Creators: name: Gillet, H.
name: Soulé, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $E$ be a holomorphic vector bundle on a compact Kähler manifold $X$. If we fix a metric $h$ on $E$, we get a Laplace operator $Δ$ acting upon smooth sections of $E$ over $X$. Using the zeta function of $Δ$, one defines its regularized determinant $det'(Δ)$. We conjectured elsewhere that, when $h$ varies, this determinant $det'(Δ)$ remains bounded from above. In this paper we prove this in two special cases. The first case is when $X$ is a Riemann surface, $E$ is a line bundle and $dim(H^0 (X,E)) + dim(H^1 (X,E)) \leq 2$, and the second case is when $X$ is the projective line, $E$ is a line bundle, and all metrics under consideration are invariant under rotation around a fixed axis.
description: 22 pages, plain TeX
MOESM2 of Efficacy and safety of a novel topical agent for gallstone dissolution: 2-methoxy-6-methylpyridine
Creators: name: Choi, Ho
name: Cho, Suk
name: Kim, Ok-Hee
name: Song, Jin
name: Ha-Eun Hong
name: Lee, Sang
name: Kee-Hwan Kim
name: You, Young
name: Hong, Tae
name: Kim, Eun
name: Park, Jung
name: Na, Gun
name: You, Dong
name: Han, Jae
name: Park, Jae
name: Kwak, Bong
name: Lee, Tae
name: Ahn, Joseph
name: Lee, Hwan
name: Kang, Seung
name: Kyu-Seok Hwang
name: Jung, Jae-Kyung
name: Kwan-Young Jung
name: Say-June Kim
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2.Â Additional Materials and Methods.
Matuanus priapus
Creators: name: Robillard, Tony
name: Desutter-Grandcolas, Laure
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Orthoptera
Gryllidae
Matuanus
Matuanus priapus

description: Matuanus priapus (Saussure, 1878)
Figs 1, 6B
 Podoscirtus priapus Saussure, 1878: 788.
 Munda priapus Chopard, 1968: 411.
 Matuanus priapus Gorochov, 1986: 705.
TYPE MATERIAL. — Male and female types: New Caledonia, no precision (coll. Brunner v. Wattenwyl, No. 5964), NMV, lost. Male neotype designated by Gorochov (2003): New Caledonia, Mt. Koghi (ZIAS).
TYPE LOCALITY. — New Caledonia, Mt. Koghi.
 MATERIAL EXAMINED. — New Caledonia, no precision, 2 ♂ (MNHN-ENSIF 1093-1094), identified M. elegans Otte, 1987 by L. Desutter-Grandcolas, MNHN.
 ADDITIONAL CHARACTERS. — Fastigium as in M. elegans, longer than in M. rectinervus (Fig. 6B).
 Male: FW venation (Fig. 1) very close to M. elegans, but with one (neotype: Gorochov, 2003, fig. XIX.1) or two (specimens examined) bifurcations of 1A at the level of the file; vein 1Aa interrupted at FW midlength and fused with CuA1, and variably fused with vein 1Ab. Stridulatory file with 95 teeth (n = 1).
description: Published as part of Robillard, Tony & Desutter-Grandcolas, Laure, 2008, Systematics of Matuanus Gorochov (Grylloidea, Podoscirtidae, Podoscirtinae) from New Caledonia: new data and the analysis of venation diversity, pp. 273-290 in Mémoires du Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle 196 on page 277
Review: Manchurian Memories in Postwar Japan -- Satou Ryou, Kano Tomohiro, Yukawa Makie (eds.)
Creators: name: Kiang, Chi Ho
Publisher: name: Global Histories: A Student Journal
Year: 2021

description: Manchurian Memories in Postwar Japan（戦後日本の満洲記憶）by Satou Ryou, Kano Tomohiro, Yukawa Makie, eds.（佐藤量，菅野智博，湯川真樹江編, Tokyo, Toho Shoten（東方書店, 2020. Pp. 368, ISBN 9784497220042.
description: Global Histories: A Student Journal, Vol. 7 No. 1 (2021): Global histories 7 (1)
Additional file 1: of Targeting the SPOCK1-snail/slug axis-mediated epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition by apigenin contributes to repression of prostate cancer metastasis
Creators: name: Ming-Hsien Chien
name: Yung-Wei Lin
name: Yu-Ching Wen
name: Yi-Chieh Yang
name: Hsiao, Michael
name: Junn-Liang Chang
name: Hsiang-Ching Huang
name: Wei-Jiunn Lee
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Figure S1. Wound-healing assay of apigenin (API)-treated DU145 prostate cancer cells. Figure S2. Migration and Matrigel invasion assay of DU145 cells using a Transwell system. Figure S3. SPOCK1 is critical for apigenin (API)-modulated invasiveness of prostate cancer cells. Figure S4. Akt is a downstream regulator of SPOCK1 to regulate Snail family expression in apigenin (API)-treated prostate cancer cells. Table S1. Normalization of wound healing, cell invasion and migration to cell viability under API treatment. (DOCX 1043 kb)
Thermodynamic limit of the Six-Vertex Model with Domain Wall Boundary Conditions
Creators: name: Korepin, V.
name: Zinn-Justin, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We address the question of the dependence of the bulk free energy on boundary conditions for the six vertex model. Here we compare the bulk free energy for periodic and domain wall boundary conditions. Using a determinant representation for the partition function with domain wall boundary conditions, we derive Toda differential equations and solve them asymptotically in order to extract the bulk free energy. We find that it is different and bears no simple relation with the free energy for periodic boundary conditions. The six vertex model with domain wall boundary conditions is closely related to algebraic combinatorics (alternating sign matrices). This implies new results for the weighted counting for large size alternating sign matrices. Finally we comment on the interpretation of our results, in particular in connection with domino tilings (dimers on a square lattice).
description: 16 pages. revised: references added. revised 08/00: last part slightly expanded
The moduli space of special Lagrangian submanifolds
Creators: name: Hitchin, Nigel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53CXX

description: This paper considers the natural geometric structure on the moduli space of deformations of a compact special Lagrangian submanifold $L^n$ of a Calabi-Yau manifold. From the work of McLean this is a smooth manifold with a natural $L^2$ metric. It is shown that the metric is induced from a local Lagrangian immersion into the product of cohomology groups $H^1(L)\times H^{n-1}(L)$. Using this approach, an interpretation of the mirror symmetry discussed by Strominger, Yau and Zaslow is given in terms of the classical Legendre transform.
description: 14 pages
Non-Abelian braiding of Majorana-like edge states and topological quantum computations in electric circuits
Creators: name: Ezawa, Motohiko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Majorana fermions subject to the non-Abelian braid group are believed to be the basic ingredients of future topological quantum computations. In this work, we propose to simulate Majorana fermions of the Kitaev model in electric circuits based on the observation that the circuit Laplacian can be made identical to the Hamiltonian. A set of AC voltages along the chain plays a role of the wave function. We generate an arbitrary number of topological segments in a Kitaev chain. A pair of topological edge states emerge at the edges of a topological segment. Its wave function is observable by the position and the phase of a peak in impedance measurement. It is possible to braid any pair of neighboring edge states with the aid of T-junction geometry. By calculating the Berry phase acquired by their eigenfunctions, the braiding is shown to generate one-qubit and two-qubit unitary operations. We explicitly construct Clifford quantum gates based on them. We also present an operator formalism by regarding a topological edge state as a topological soliton intertwining the trivial segment and the topological segment. Our analysis shows that the electric-circuit approach can simulate the Majorana-fermion approach to topological quantum computations.
description: 17 pages, 14 figures
Airy functions in the thermodynamic Bethe ansatz
Creators: name: Fendley, Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Thermodynamic Bethe ansatz equations are coupled non-linear integral equations which appear frequently when solving integrable models. Those associated with models with N=2 supersymmetry can be related to differential equations, among them Painleve III and the Toda hierarchy. In the simplest such case the massless limit of these non-linear integral equations can be solved in terms of the Airy function. This is the only known closed-form solution of thermodynamic Bethe ansatz equations, outside of free or classical models. This turns out to give the spectral determinant of the Schrodinger equation in a linear potential.
description: 4 pages
Matuanus elegans Otte 1987
Creators: name: Robillard, Tony
name: Desutter-Grandcolas, Laure
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Orthoptera
Gryllidae
Matuanus
Matuanus elegans

description: Matuanus elegans Otte, 1987
Figs 2, 6A, 27A
 Matuanus elegans Otte, in Otte et al., 1987: 450. — Desutter-Grandcolas 1997: 154.
 TYPE MATERIAL. — Holotype male, 25 km Col des Roussettes, 6.II.1963 (Krauss), ANSP. Paratypes: 1 ♂ (Yoshimoto), Yahoué, 20.II.1963, BPBM; 1 ♂ (Krauss), id., 60-100 m, II.1980, ANSP; 1 ♂ (Krauss), Col de Pitehikara, 300-450 m, 8.I.1969, BPBM; 1 ♂ (Krauss), Mt. Panié, 8.II.1963, BPBM; 1 ♂ (Straatman), Pouébo, 26.I.1964, BPBM; 1 ♂ (Gressitt & Maa), Col d’Amieu, 650 m, 31.III.1968, BPBM; 1 ♂ (Krauss), Col des Roussettes, 450-550 m, 4.II.1963, BPBM; 1 ♂ (Yoshimoto), Mt. Koghi, 27.I.1963, BPBM; 1 ♂ (Krauss), id., II.1962, BPBM; 1 ♂ (Krauss), id., I.1969, BPBM; 1 ♂ (Yoshimoto & Krauss), id., 26.I.1963, ANSP; 1 ♀ (Krauss), id., II.1973, ANSP; 1 ♀ (Gressitt), id., 5.III.1960, BPBM; 1 ♀, id., I.1969, BPBM; 1 ♀ (Yoshimoto), id., 27.I.1963, BPBM; 1 ♀ (Krauss), id., II.1973, BPBM; 1 ♂ (Sedlacek), Forêt de Thy, 100-200 m, 10.III.1961, ANSP; 1 ♀ (Gressit), id., 550 m, 6.III.1960, BPBM; 1 ♀ (Sedlacek), id., 100-300 m, 25.III.1961, BPBM; 1 ♂ (Krauss), Poindimié, 11.II.1963, BPBM; 1 ♀ (Gressit), Col d’Amieu, 750 m, 3.III.1960, BPBM; 1 ♀ (Krauss), 25 km Col des Roussettes, 6.II.1963, BPBM; 1 ♀ (Krauss), Col des Pirogues, 14.II.1963, BPBM; 1 ♀ (Krauss), Col des Roussettes, 4.II.1963, BPBM; 1 ♀ (Yoshimoto), between La Foa and Canala, 480-500 m, 30.I.1963, BPBM; 1 ♀ (Alexander, Cade & Otte), Koné, mountain forest, Panaki rd., 7.III.1983, ANSP.
TYPE LOCALITY. — New Caledonia, 25 km Col des Roussettes.
 FIGS 1-5. Male FW venation. 1, M. priapus. 2, M. elegans. 3, M. rectinervus. 4-5, male genitalia in dorsal and lateral views of M. rectinervus. Dotted areas on FWs represent patterns of coloration (high density of dots: dark areas; low density of dots: whitish, yellow areas). Dotted areas on male genitalia represent membranous parts. Scale bars = 1 mm.
 ADDITIONAL CHARACTERS. — Fastigium longer than in M. rectinervus (Fig. 6A).
 Male: FW venation (Fig. 2). Very close to M. priapus, the vein 1Aa fused with CuA1 at FW midlength, while it runs up to the apical field in M. rectinervus. Stridulatory file with 93 teeth (n = 1).
Female: ovipositor reaching the tip of hind wings or slightly longer; apex of dorsal valves finely striated on outer surface, with a smooth area dorsally (Fig. 27A).
description: Published as part of Robillard, Tony & Desutter-Grandcolas, Laure, 2008, Systematics of Matuanus Gorochov (Grylloidea, Podoscirtidae, Podoscirtinae) from New Caledonia: new data and the analysis of venation diversity, pp. 273-290 in Mémoires du Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle 196 on pages 277-279
Finding Octonionic Eigenvectors Using Mathematica
Creators: name: Dray, Tevian
name: Manogue, Corinne A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The eigenvalue problem for 3x3 octonionic Hermitian matrices contains some surprises, which we have reported elsewhere. In particular, the eigenvalues need not be real, there are 6 rather than 3 real eigenvalues, and the corresponding eigenvectors are not orthogonal in the usual sense. The nonassociativity of the octonions makes computations tricky, and all of these results were first obtained via brute force (but exact) Mathematica computations. Some of them, such as the computation of real eigenvalues, have subsequently been implemented more elegantly; others have not. We describe here the use of Mathematica in analyzing this problem, and in particular its use in proving a generalized orthogonality property for which no other proof is known.
description: LaTeX2e, 22 pages, 8 PS figures (uses included PS prolog; needs elsart.cls and one of epsffig, epsf, graphicx)
The host galaxies of type Ia supernovae at z=0.6
Creators: name: Farrah, D.
name: Meikle, W. P. S
name: Clements, D.
name: Rowan-Robinson, M.
name: Mattila, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the host galaxies of high redshift type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) using archival I and R band data from the Hubble Space Telescope. The SNe Ia host galaxies show a wide variety of morphologies, including undisturbed ellipticals, spirals and disturbed systems. SNe Ia are also found over a wide range of projected distances from the host galaxy centres, ranging from 3kpc to 30kpc. For a sample of 22 SNe Ia at = 0.6, 70% are found in spiral galaxies and 30% are found in elliptical systems, similar to the proportions observed locally. Including additional previously published data, we find no significant difference in the average light-curve-shape-corrected peak B band magnitudes for high-z SNe Ia between spirals and ellipticals. These results are consistent with predictions based on the locally-derived understanding of SNe Ia physics and the influence of progenitor mass and metallicity. We also construct colour maps for two host galaxies and find that both show a non-uniform colour structure with typical variations of rest-frame B-V~0.5. This is most plausibly attributed to the presence of, and variation in dust extinction in these galaxies. Moreover, we find no evidence that the SNe Ia are preferentially found in outer regions (>10kpc) of the host galaxies where extinction would be low. This suggests that the range of host galaxy extinctions of SNe Ia at z~0.6 should be comparable to those of local SNe Ia. Although observational bias cannot be completely ruled out, this appears to be in conflict with the finding of low extinction for SNe Ia found in the high-z supernova search studies.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS Letters. Comments welcome
INFLUENCE OF MELTING RATE ON THE DISSOCIATION OF GAS HYDRATES WITH THE KINETIC INHIBITOR PVCAP PRESENT
Creators: name: Gulbrandsen, Ann Cecilie
name: Svartaas, Thor Martin
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2008

description: The kinetic inhibitor Poly Vinyl Caprolactam (PVCap) was added as a kinetic inhibitor to the gas-water system. Different hydrate formers were used in order to obtain formation of the different hydrate structures (sI, sII and sH). All hydrate structures were formed with PVCap. The effect of applying different melting rates was investigated. The isochoric technique was used to obtain dissociation temperatures and corresponding pressures. The melting rate was found to be a parameter influencial for the dissociation temperature. Even for very slow melting rates such as 0.0125 Kelvin per hour, the final dissociation temperature was significantly higher that the dissociation temperature for the corresponding non-inhibited system.
Enhanced Conformal $BMS_3$ Symmetries
Creators: name: Fuentealba, Oscar
name: Lovrekovic, Iva
name: Tempo, David
name: Troncoso, Ricardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An enhanced version of the conformal BMS$_{3}$ algebra is presented. It is shown to emerge from the asymptotic structure of an extension of conformal gravity in 3D by Pope and Townsend that consistently accommodates an additional spin-2 field, once it is endowed with a suitable set of boundary conditions. The canonical generators of the asymptotic symmetries then span a precise nonlinear W$_{(2,2,2,2,1,1,1)}$ algebra, whose central extensions and coefficients of the nonlinear terms are completely determined by the central charge of the Virasoro subalgebra. The wedge algebra corresponds to the conformal group in four dimensions $SO(4,2)$ and therefore, enhanced conformal BMS$_{3}$ can also be regarded as an infinite-dimensional nonlinear extension of the AdS$_{5}$ algebra with nontrivial central extensions. It is worth mentioning that our boundary conditions might be considered as a starting point in order to consistently incorporate either a finite or an infinite number of conformal higher spin fields.
description: 10 pages
Ecophenotypic plasticity leads to extraordinary gastropod shells found on the "Roof of the World"
Creators: name: Clewing, Catharina
name: Riedel, Frank
name: Wilke, Thomas
name: Albrecht, Christian
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Corkscrew-like
subject: Gyraulus
subject: Planorbidae
subject: Steinheim Basin
subject: Tibetan Plateau
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::560 Fossilien, Paläontologie

description: The often extraordinary shell forms and shapes of gastropods found in palaeolakes, such as the highly diverse Gyraulus fauna of the famous Steinheim Basin, have been puzzling evolutionary biologists for centuries, and there is an ongoing debate whether these aberrant shell forms are indicative of true species (or subspecies) or ecophenotypic morphs. Interestingly, one of the Steinheim Gyraulus morphs – a corkscrew-like open-coiled shell – has a recent analogue in the Lake Bangong drainage system on the western Tibetan Plateau. Therefore, a combination of morphological, molecular, palaeolimnological, and ecological analyses was used in this study to assess whether the extraordinary shell shape in Gyraulus sp. from this drainage system represents a (young) ecophenotypic phenomenon or if it has been genetically fixed over an extended period of time. Our morphological, ecological, and palaeolimnological data suggest that the corkscrew-like specimens remain restricted to a small pond near Lake Bangong with an elevated pH value and that the colonization may have occurred recently. The phylogenetic reconstruction based on two gene fragments shows that these nonplanispiral specimens cluster within the previous described Tibetan Plateau Gyraulus clade N2. A network analysis indicates that some haplotypes are even shared by planispiral and nonplanispiral specimens. Given the ephemerality of the phenomenon, the compact network patterns inferred, the likely young phylogenetic age of the aberrant Gyraulus shells studied, and the ecological peculiarities of the study site, we suggest that the evolution of the aberrant shell forms on the Tibetan Plateau could likely be considered as a rapid ecophenotypic response, possibly induced by ecological stress. This finding may thus have implications for the ongoing debate about the processes that have caused the extraordinary shell diversity in palaeolakes such as the Steinheim Basin.
Matuanus rectinervus Robillard & Desutter-Grandcolas 2008, n. sp.
Creators: name: Robillard, Tony
name: Desutter-Grandcolas, Laure
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Orthoptera
Gryllidae
Matuanus
Matuanus rectinervus

description: Matuanus rectinervus Robillard n. sp.
Figs 3-6C
 TYPE MATERIAL. — Holotype male (MNHN-ENSIF 1096), 8 km NW Col d’Amieu, N la Foa, abattage, Pied Table Unio, 22.II.1994 (16) (L. Desutter-Grandcolas), identified M. elegans Otte, 1987 by L. Desutter-Grandcolas. Paratype male (MNHN-ENSIF 1097), Massif de l’Aoupinié, 400 m, 11 km SW Ponérihouen, milieu ouvert, tronc mort vertical, 21.III.1994 (5) jour (L. Desutter-Grandcolas), identified M. elegans Otte, 1987 by L. Desutter-Grandcolas. MNHN.
TYPE LOCALITY. — New Caledonia, 8 km NW Col d’Amieu, N la Foa, Pied Table Unio.
 DESCRIPTION. — Very similar to M. elegans and M. priapus in coloration, body size and shape. Fastigium shorter than in M. elegans and M. priapus (Fig. 6C). Coloration very contrasted; face light yellow with dark patterns as in M. elegans and M. priapus, dorsal disk of pronotum red brown, lateral lobes yellow; legs I-II light yellow, femora with dark brown spots and tibiae with two dark brown rings; FIII yellow brown with two brown dorsal spots, a brown line on outer face and a very contrasted dark brown band on inner face, barely visible in M. elegans (Otte et al. 1987) and M. priapus.
 Male: FW venation (Fig. 3) almost similar to M. elegans and M. priapus, but 1Aa prolonged up to the apical field (compare Figs 1-2). Stridulatory file with 93 (HT) to 102 teeth (PT) (m = 98, n = 2).
 Male genitalia (Figs 4-5): very similar to M. priapus laterally except for the lateral edge of pseudepiphallic sclerite, straight and folded ventrally, while it is rounded in M. elegans and M. priapus. Endophallic apodeme as in M. priapus, wider and longer than in M. elegans and raised dorsally.
Female: unknown.
MEASUREMENTS. — Holotype male. PronL: 3.0 mm; PronW: 3.9 mm; FIIIL: 14.5 mm; FIIIW: 3.4 mm; TIIIL: 13.3 mm; FWL: 19.5 mm; FWW: 3.7 mm.
description: Published as part of Robillard, Tony & Desutter-Grandcolas, Laure, 2008, Systematics of Matuanus Gorochov (Grylloidea, Podoscirtidae, Podoscirtinae) from New Caledonia: new data and the analysis of venation diversity, pp. 273-290 in Mémoires du Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle 196 on page 279
Ytterbium-laser-driven THz generation in thin lithium niobate at 1.9 kW average power in a passive enhancement cavity
Creators: name: Suerra, Edoardo
name: Canella, Francesco
name: Giannotti, Dario
name: Khalili, Mohsen
name: Wang, Yicheng
name: Hasse, Kore
name: Suntsov, Sergiy
name: Kip, Detlef
name: Saraceno, Clara
name: Cialdi, Simone
name: Galzerano, Gianluca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Single-cycle, high-power, high-repetition-rate THz pulse sources are becoming the cornerstone of several scientific and industrial applications. A promising and versatile method for high-power THz generation is optical rectification in nonlinear crystals pumped by powerful near-infrared ultrafast laser systems. In this context, ytterbium-based laser sources are particularly advantageous in terms of power scalability and technology establishment. However, as the repetition rate increases toward hundreds of MHz, the conversion efficiency typically decreases, as most laser systems do not reach sufficiently high average power to correspondingly enhance the peak power to drive the nonlinear conversion process efficiently. An alternative approach to achieving sufficiently high average power at high repetition rate is based on passive enhancement cavities, which boost the pulse energy of standard watt-level ytterbium lasers by orders of magnitude. We present the first demonstration of optical rectification in a passive enhancement cavity at multi-kW levels, achieved by a 240-fold power enhancement. By irradiating a 50-$μ$m thin lithium niobate plate with 1.9-kW average power inside the enhancement cavity, we generate milliwatt-level THz pulses with 2-THz bandwidth and 93-MHz repetition rate, mostly limited by the driving pulse duration. To the best of our knowledge, this represents the highest driving average power used for OR. This methodology represents a promising new step towards high-repetition-rate and high average power single-cycle THz sources using widely available multi-watt level Yb lasers.
In An Alien City: American Soldiers in Wartime Calcutta (1942-1946)
Creators: name: Das, Suchintan
Publisher: name: Global Histories: A Student Journal
Year: 2021

description: Calcutta had emerged as one of the most important fulcrums for coordinating the movement of men, material, and money during the Second World War. The advent of US troops in the city from 1942 onwards led to an unprecedented cultural encounter. This paper argues that the actual lived experiences of the American soldiers in Calcutta provided a stark contrast to their prescribed norms of conduct. This paper further contends that with their arrival, civilian-military relations were substantially reconfigured and the image of the British Empire was considerably damaged. An attempt has been made to set in relief the divergent experiences of the White American and African American troops besides mapping their experiences of and responses to the Bengal Famine. Lastly, this paper seeks to interrogate the globalising nature of the Second World War by looking at Calcutta as a site of spontaneous and uneven cultural exchange where the US soldiers functioned as national emissaries and wartime cultural conduits.
description: Global Histories: A Student Journal, Vol. 7 No. 1 (2021): Global histories 7 (1)
Mission, Medicine, and Agency. Power-Structures in Medical Missionary Encounters
Creators: name: Becker, Jan
Publisher: name: Global Histories: A Student Journal
Year: 2021

description: In conducting a global microhistory on Soetjipto, a Javanese student in one of the German Bethel Mission’s schools in the Dutch East Indies, this paper analyses the power-relations in missionary encounters. Not only were Javanese intermediaries–nurses, students, and teachers–an integral part of the missionary medical and educational work, the missionaries were outright dependent on their collaboration. For indigenous actors, the missionary project could provide attractive opportunities, such as medical service and Western education. These opportunities, however, had to be negotiated with the indigenous actors’ own social network. In following Soetjpto’s trajectory from student to missionary evangelist, it becomes apparent that some aspects of the missionary project were irreconcilable with local culture. Soetjipto’s decision to convert despite his family’s objection demands for a reappreciation of the most basic aspect of mission history: faith.
description: Global Histories: A Student Journal, Vol. 7 No. 1 (2021): Global histories 7 (1)
Characteristic polynomials of random matrices at edge singularities
Creators: name: Brezin, E.
name: Hikami, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have discussed earlier the correlation functions of the random variables $\det(\la-X)$ in which $X$ is a random matrix. In particular the moments of the distribution of these random variables are universal functions, when measured in the appropriate units of the level spacing. When the $\la$'s, instead of belonging to the bulk of the spectrum, approach the edge, a cross-over takes place to an Airy or to a Bessel problem, and we consider here these modified classes of universality. Furthermore, when an external matrix source is added to the probability distribution of $X$, various new phenomenons may occur and one can tune the spectrum of this source matrix to new critical points. Again there are remarkably simple formulae for arbitrary source matrices, which allow us to compute the moments of the characteristic polynomials in these cases as well.
description: 22 pages, latex
Engineering and Probing Two-dimensional Materials and Heterostructures
Creators: Zhang, Changjian
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Nanotechnology
subject: FOS: Nanotechnology
subject: Van der Waals forces
subject: Heterostructures
subject: Materials science
subject: Superlattices as materials

description: In this thesis, the development of a new technique to produce dynamically twistable van der Waals heterostructures with tunable interlayer rotational angle is introduced in details. Such devices offer great controllability of the lattice orientations in van der Waals heterostructures and in particular enabled us to study moiré superlattices at different twist angles in a single device. Encapsulated graphene/hBN moiré superlattice devices were used to demonstrate the technique. Microscopic Raman spectrum, electrical transport and interlayer mechanical resistance were measured in the devices. Results were found consistent with previous studies in multiple samples with fixed twist angles. New observations benefiting from the elimination of sample-to-sample variance were also made on the transport gap sizes, satellite peak asymmetry, periodic interlayer friction and Raman peak position of graphene/hBN moiré superlattices. In addition, great efforts of making dynamically twistable devices with thin hBN handles for near-field optical spectroscopy were made. Ultrathin hBN handles were able to move on etched graphene. Two ways of making graphite split gate were described to make dynamically twistable devices with split gate. Besides these, a few other things used throughout the research were also introduced such as growth of aligned and suspended carbon nanotubes and marking their positions using p-nitrobenzoic acid.
Review: The Global Bourgeoisie: The Rise of the Middle Classes in the Age of Empire Edited -- By Christof Dejung, David Motadel and Jürgen Osterhammel (eds.)
Creators: name: Steadman-Gantous, Simone
Publisher: name: Global Histories: A Student Journal
Year: 2021

description: The Global Bourgeoisie, The Rise of the Middle Classes in the Age of Empire. By Christof Dejung, David Motadel and Jürgen Osterhammel, eds. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2019. Hardcover: $99.95, Pp. 396, ISBN 9780691195834.
description: Global Histories: A Student Journal, Vol. 7 No. 1 (2021): Global histories 7 (1)
Additional file 1: of Robotic-assisted Esophagectomy vs Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Esophagectomy (REVATE): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Creators: name: Yin-Kai Chao
name: Li, Zhi-Gang
name: Wen, Yu-Wen
name: Dae-Joon Kim
name: Seong-Yong Park
name: Chang, Yu-Ling
name: Sluis, Pieter
name: Ruurda, Jelle
name: Hillegersberg, Richard
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: Marine Biology
Science Policy

description: SPIRIT 2013 Checklist: Recommended items to address in a clinical trial protocol and related documents (DOC 123 kb)
Schach spielen auf einer elektronischen Tafel
Creators: name: Block, Marco
name: Friedland, Gerald
name: Knipping, Lars
name: Rojas, Raúl
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: 000 Informatik, Informationswissenschaft, allgemeine Werke::000 Informatik, Wissen, Systeme::005 Computerprogrammierung, Programme, Daten

description: Dieser Artikel ist eine Einführung in die Verwendung von Chalklets. Chalklets sind eine Möglichkeit im E-Kreide-System [E-Kreide] eigene Java-Programme auszuführen. Eine wichtige Philosophie des E-Kreide-Systems ist, dass die Kreidetafel, wie sie von James Pillans 1801 [Pillans] erfunden wurde, auch im Multimediazeitalter ihren Platz behält. Daher dürfen keine typischen GUI- Elemente, wie Knöpfe oder Menüs auf der Tafel erscheinen. Allerdings wurden bisher noch keine grafisch anspruchsvollen interaktiven Programme als Chalklets realisiert, sie waren lediglich strichzeichnungs- und schriftbasiert. Mit dem interaktiven Schachbrett, das für das Schachprogramm FUSc# [FUSsch] entwickelt wurde, steht nun das erste Chalklet zur Verfügung, das auch komplexere, grafische Darstellungen und nicht nur gesten- bzw. schriftbasierte Eingabemöglichkeiten bietet. Die Herausforderung war, eine konventionelle Schach-Oberfläche mit eigentlich grafischen Elementen, nur mit den von der E-Kreide zur Verfügung gestellten Mitteln - ausschliesslich Linienzüge - zu realisieren. In diesem Artikel werden die verwendeten Lösungsansätze in Bezug auf dieses Schachchalklet besprochen.
Practical issues of implementing a hybrid multi-NIC wireless mesh-network
Creators: name: Güneş, Mesut
name: Blywis, Bastian
name: Juraschek, Felix
name: Schmidt, Philipp
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: 000 Informatik, Informationswissenschaft, allgemeine Werke::000 Informatik, Wissen, Systeme::006 Spezielle Computerverfahren

description: Testbeds are a powerful tool to study wireless mesh and sensor networks as close as possible to real world application scenarios. In contrast to simulation or analytical approaches these installations face various kinds of environment parameters. Challenges related to the shared physical medium, operating system, and used hardware components do arise. In this technical report about the work-in-progress Distributed Embedded Systems testbed of 100 routers deployed at the Freie Universität Berlin we focis on the software architecture and give and introduction to the network protocol stack of the Linux kernel. Furthermore, we discuss our first experiences with a pilot network setup, the encountered problems and the achieved solutions. This writing continues our first publication and builds upon the discussed overall testbed architecture, our experiment methodology, and aspired research objectives.
Reformulation of the Cosmological Constant Problem
Creators: name: Wang, Qingdi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The standard formulation of the cosmological constant problem is based on one critical assumption---the spacetime is homogeneous and isotropic, which is true only on cosmological scales. However, this problem is caused by extremely small scale (Planck scale) quantum fluctuations and at that scale, the spacetime is highly inhomogeneous and anisotropic. The homogeneous Friedmann-Lemaître-Robertson-Walker metric used in the standard formulation is inadequate to describe such small scale dynamics of the spacetime. In this Letter, we reformulate the cosmological constant problem by using a general inhomogeneous metric. The fine-tuning problem does not arise in the reformulation since the large gravitational effect of the quantum vacuum is hidden by small scale spacetime fluctuations. The stress energy tensor fluctuations of the quantum fields vacuum could serve as "dark energy" to drive the accelerating expansion of the Universe through a weak parametric resonance effect.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure
The Bi-Hamiltonian Structure of the Perturbation Equations of KdV Hierarchy
Creators: name: Ma, Wen-Xiu
name: Fuchssteiner, Benno
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The bi-Hamiltonian structure is established for the perturbation equations of KdV hierarchy and thus the perturbation equations themselves provide also examples among typical soliton equations. Besides, a more general bi-Hamiltonian integrable hierarchy is proposed and a remark is given for a generalization of the resulting perturbation equations to $1+2$ dimensions.
description: 9 pages, Latex, submitted to Phys. Lett. A
MOESM1 of LPAR1 regulates the development of intratumoral heterogeneity in ovarian serous cystadenocarcinoma by activating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway
Creators: name: Cui, Ran
name: Cao, Guangming
name: Bai, Huimin
name: Zhang, Zhenyu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. The principle materials and instruments used in the present study.
Non-Abelian Stokes Theorem and Quark Confinement in SU(3) Yang-Mills Gauge Theory
Creators: name: Kondo, K. -I.
name: Taira, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive a new version of SU(3) non-Abelian Stokes theorem by making use of the coherent state representation on the coset space $SU(3)/(U(1)\times U(1))=F_2$, the flag space. Then we outline a derivation of the area law of the Wilson loop in SU(3) Yang-Mills theory in the maximal Abelian gauge (The detailed exposition will be given in a forthcoming article). This derivation is performed by combining the non-Abelian Stokes theorem with the reformulation of the Yang-Mills theory as a perturbative deformation of a topological field theory recently proposed by one of the authors. Within this framework, we show that the fundamental quark is confined even if $G=SU(3)$ is broken by partial gauge fixing into $H=U(2)$ just as $G$ is broken to $H=U(1) \times U(1)$. An origin of the area law is related to the geometric phase of the Wilczek-Zee holonomy for U(2). Abelian dominance is an immediate byproduct of these results and magnetic monopole plays the dominant role in this derivation.
description: 14 pages, Latex, no figures, version accepted for publication in Mod. Phys. Lett. A (some comments are added in the final parts)
Matuanus flavomaculatus Gorochov 1986
Creators: name: Robillard, Tony
name: Desutter-Grandcolas, Laure
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Orthoptera
Gryllidae
Matuanus
Matuanus flavomaculatus

description: Matuanus flavomaculatus Gorochov, 1986
Figs 6F, 7
 Matuanus flavomaculatus Gorochov, 1986: 705.
TYPE MATERIAL. — Holotype female: New Caledonia, Mt. Koghi. ZIAS.
TYPE LOCALITY. — New Caledonia, Mt. Koghi.
MATERIAL EXAMINED. — 1 ♂ (MNHN-ENSIF 1095), New Caledonia, no precision (coll. Brunner v. Wattenwyl, No 14965), MNHN.
ADDITIONAL CHARACTERS. — Coloration: scape brown; pedicel brown with a yellow margin, the first antennal segments black, others brown. Black coloration on dorsum of head extending up to eye midlength; scape yellowish brown; flagellum dark brown (Fig. 6F).
 Male: FW venation (Fig. 7). Dorsal field with 9 longitudinal veins. Bases of 1A-4A within a yellow sclerotization, that of 4A less important than that of 1A-3A. Intermedia area yellow, sclerotized. MA and MP yellow, unlike in M. bruneonervus; bifurcations of R brown.
description: Published as part of Robillard, Tony & Desutter-Grandcolas, Laure, 2008, Systematics of Matuanus Gorochov (Grylloidea, Podoscirtidae, Podoscirtinae) from New Caledonia: new data and the analysis of venation diversity, pp. 273-290 in Mémoires du Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle 196 on page 281
NEW FINDINGS ON GUEST ENCLATHRATION IN STRUCTURE-H HYDRATES BY MEANS OF THERMODYNAMIC AND SPECTROSCOPIC ANALYSIS
Creators: name: Lee, Jong-Won
name: Lu, Hailong
name: Moudrakovski, Igor L.
name: Ratcliffe, Christopher I.
name: Ripmeester, John A.
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2008

description: Among the three common gas hydrate structures, structure-H (sH) hydrate has been regarded as forming only in the laboratory since it was first reported in 1987. However, natural gas hydrate samples obtained from the Cascadia margin showed that sH hydrate can form naturally. Not only was the sH hydrate found in natural samples, but it was also discovered that n-alkanes such as n-pentane and n-hexane, considered to have too large molecular size to be sH hydrate formers, can act as co-guests of sH hydrates in mixtures with other sH hydrate formers. In this study, thermodynamic measurements and spectroscopic analysis of powder X-ray diffraction and 13C solid-state NMR methods, were performed for synthetic hydrate samples in order to identify the accommodation of n-alkanes with five or more carbon atoms. In addition, some new hydrate guests were found to form sH hydrates. From the present results, it is clear that, so far, our understanding of gas hydrates and guest enclathration needs to be revised and expanded in order to explain new findings.
The mass and temperature functions in a moving barrier model
Creators: name: Del Popolo, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, I use the extension of the excursion set model of Sheth & Tormen (2002) and the barrier shape obtained in Del Popolo & Gambera (1998) to calculate the unconditional halo mass function, and the conditional mass function in several cosmological models. I show that the barrier obtained in Del Popolo & Gambera (1998), which takes account of tidal interaction between proto-haloes, is a better description of the mass functions than the spherical collapse and is in good agreement with numerical simulations (Tozzi & Governato 1998, and Governato et al. 1999). The results are also in good agreement with those obtained by Sheth & Tormen (2002), only slight differences are observed expecially at the low mass end. I moreover calculate, and compare with simulations, the temperature function obtained by means of the mass functions previously calculated and also using an improved version of the M-T relation, which accounts for the fact that massive clusters accrete matter quasi-continuously, and finally taking account of the tidal interaction with neighboring clusters. Even in this case the discrepancy between the Press-Schecter predictions and simulations is considerably reduced.
description: 23 pages; 11 encapsulated figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS