cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Effects of Sub-Bandgap Light on Qsspc Measurement of Lifetime and Trap Density: What Is the Cause of Trapping?
Creators: name: Sinton, R.
name: Swirhun, J.
name: Forsyth, M.K.
name: Mankad, T.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Materials and Cells

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 1073-1077
description: The trapping signal from Quasi-Steady-State Photoconductance (QSSPC) measurements has generally
been interpreted using the Hornbeck-Haynes model which attributes the signal to extra majority carriers balancing
electrons in shallow traps. Investigation of possible explanations for differences in trapping as measured by various
techniques leads to the possibility of an alternative explanation. A large part of this trapping signal in a QSSPC
measurement could actually be due to “gating” of the majority-carrier conductance at grain boundaries. The grain
boundaries present potential barriers to majority-carrier conduction. These potential barriers are reduced by
illumination. Therefore, much of the trapping signal in a QSSPC measurement could be seen as the increase in
majority-carrier lateral conductance (towards single-crystal behavior) at low illumination levels. QSSPC may be
indicative of grain-boundary density, type and process history. Evidence to support these possibilities is shown for
wafer and brick samples.
Penta-quark States with Strangeness, Hidden Charm and Beauty
Creators: name: Wu, Jia-Jun
name: Zou, B. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The classical quenched quark models with three constituent quarks provide a good description for the baryon spatial ground states, but fail to reproduce the spectrum of baryon excited states. More and more evidences suggest that unquenched effects with multi-quark dynamics are necessary ingredients to solve the problem. Several new hyperon resonances reported recently could fit in the picture of penta-quark states. Based on this picture, some new hyperon excited states were predicted to exist; meanwhile with extension from strangeness to charm and beauty, super-heavy narrow $N^*$ and $Λ^*$ resonances with hidden charm or beauty were predicted to be around 4.3 and 11 GeV, respectively. Recently, two of such $N^*$ with hidden charm might have been observed by the LHCb experiment. More of those states are expected to be observed in near future. This opens a new window in order to study hadronic dynamics for the multi-quark states.
description: Talk given at the 10th International Workshop on the Physics of Excited Nucleons (NSTAR2015), Osaka, May 25--28 2015
Heliodome, Solar-Powered Camping Tent for Festival Campers
Creators: name: Tselepis, D.
name: Bhamra, T.
name: Lilley, D.
name: Tselepis, S.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: PV Systems
Off-grid Applications

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 5157-5160
description: This paper details the design process undertaken for the development and evaluation of a solar powered
tent designed for festival campers. More precisely, the aim of the project was to design an autonomous solar-powered
festival camping tent for young campers (aged 22 to 30) in order to supply them with enough energy to power their
microelectronic devices (mobile phones, torches, digital cameras etc…). The power would be generated by PV cells and
stored in a 20 kWh battery thus promoting and encouraging sustainable practices and behaviours.
In order to better understand and determine all relevant factors which would have an effect on the product, extended
research was conducted on a user, market and competitor level. Great emphasis was given to search regarding the latest
technological advances on PV cells (e.g. flexible eco-friendly polymer cells) and interviews with specialists of the
subject because part of the project’s challenge was the successful PV integration on a mainstream product. After the
conceptual phase, the selected design was further developed using a variety of modelling techniques and user trials. Once
the prototyping of both functional and aesthetic models were completed, a series of user-oriented evaluations as well as
PV system against weather conditions assessments were conducted to record user feedback/opinions, system
performance, and identify potential design issues. Furthermore, by applying the “eco-indicator 99” analysis tool, the
product’s life cycle analysis (LCA) was generated to estimate its impact on the environment in comparison to existing
festival charging systems (e.g. charging tent).
Observation of Strong Radiation Pressure Forces from Squeezed Light on a Mechanical Oscillator
Creators: name: Clark, Jeremy B.
name: Lecocq, Florent
name: Simmonds, Raymond W.
name: Aumentado, José
name: Teufel, John D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum enhanced sensing is a powerful technique in which nonclassical states are used to improve the sensitivity of a measurement. For enhanced mechanical displacement sensing, squeezed states of light have been shown to reduce the photon counting noise that limits the measurement noise floor. It has long been predicted, however, that suppressing the noise floor with squeezed light should produce an unavoidable increase in radiation pressure noise that drives the mechanical system. Such nonclassical radiation pressure forces have thus far been hidden by insufficient measurement strengths and residual thermal mechanical motion. Since the ultimate measurement sensitivity relies on the delicate balance between these two noise sources, the limits of the quantum enhancement have not been observed. Using a microwave cavity optomechanical system, we observe the nonclassical radiation pressure noise that necessarily accompanies any quantum enhancement of the measurement precision. By varying both the magnitude and phase of the squeezing, we optimize the fundamental trade-off between mechanical imprecision and backaction noise in accordance with the Heisenberg uncertainty principle. As the strength of the measurement is further increased, radiation pressure forces eventually dominate the mechanical motion. In this regime, the optomechanical interaction can be exploited as an efficient quantum nondemolition (QND) measurement of the amplitude fluctuations of the light field. By overwhelming mechanical thermal noise with radiation pressure by two orders of magnitude, we demonstrate a mechanically-mediated measurement of the squeezing with an effective homodyne efficiency of 94%. Thus, with strong radiation pressures forces, mechanical motion enhances the measurement of nonclassical light, just as nonclassical light enhances the measurement of the motion.
description: 4 Figures
The Role of the Slurry Transport in Multi-Wire Sawing of Solar Silicon Wafers
Creators: name: Kaminski, S.
name: Wagner, T.
name: Rietzschel, R.
name: Fütterer, W.
name: Funke, C.
name: Möller, H.J.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Feedstock, Crystallisation and Wafering

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 1312-1317
description: In this paper it will be shown that the slurry transport behavior in the sawing region is one of the important
factors, which has an impact on the sawing performance, such as sawing rate and energy consumption. It also
influences the surface damage and wafer stability. The slurry transport was studied in single wire cuts into glass ingots.
In this way the sawing channel and the motion of SiC particles can be observed by a high-speed-camera. Furthermore
forces, temperatures and the slurry volume were determined sawing experiments silicon on silicon ingots.
Supplementary material to the publication "Pooled-sample analysis strategies for COVID-19 mass testing: a simulation study" in the WHO Bulletin
Creators: name: Deckert, Andreas
name: Bärnighausen, Till
name: Kyei, Nicholas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: COVID-19
PCR
pooled samples

description: Table S1: COVID-19 two-step ‘context-sensitive approach’: selected simulation results Table S2: COVID-19 two-step ‘routine high-throughput approach’: selected simulation results Appendix:
 1) Sensitivity analysis: variations of the shape of the curve of the ‘within-group’ prevalence 2) Sensitivity analysis: shape of the ‘within-group’ prevalence depending on the overall prevalence
Minimal model for charge transfer excitons at the dielectric interface
Creators: name: Ono, Shota
name: Ohno, Kaoru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Theoretical description of the charge transfer (CT) exciton across the donor-acceptor interface without the use of a completely localized hole (or electron) is a challenge in the field of organic solar cells. We calculate the total wavefunction of the CT exciton by solving an effective two-particle Schrodinger equation for the inhomogeneous dielectric interface. We formulate the magnitude of the CT and construct a minimal model of the CT exciton under the breakdown of inversion symmetry. We demonstrate that both a light hole mass and a hole localization along the normal to the dielectric interface are crucial to yield the CT exciton.
Thermal Models for Photovoltaic Modules in the BIPV Applications
Creators: name: Tina, G.M.
name: Notton, G.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: PV Systems
PV Components for Buildings, PV Integration in Buildings

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 5145-5149
description: The operation temperature of photovoltaic (PV) modules changes constantly with the ambient variables
(temperature, irradiance, wind speed and direction) as well as electrical operation point. In literature many papers
describe models which estimate PV module temperature as a static one and on hourly time base but, in this paper, in
order to establish a suitable model to monitor the temperature in a shorter time interval (i.e. a few minutes), a
comparison among three dynamic models have been carried out. In these models many parameters have to be fixed
starting from both manufacturer data and experimental tests. Numerical and experimental results, reported in this
paper, refer to a semi-transparent PV module, where some thermal sensors are installed. This type of PV module is
widely used as facades, roof or shading devices in office and commercial buildings.
Reducing Uncertainty of PV Module Temperature Determination Based on Analysis Using Data Gained During Outdoor Monitoring
Creators: name: Prorok, M.
name: Kołodenny, W.
name: Zdanowicz, T.
name: Gottschalg, R.
name: Stellbogen, D.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
PV Modules

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 2865-2871
description: PV module temperature (TM) is one of the key parameters required for either power or energy rating of a photovoltaic (PV) module. Hence, it is essential to determine or model (predict) with acceptable accuracy value of TM in common operating conditions. It is well known that TM strongly depends on two basic environmental factors such as incident in plane irradiance (GPOA) and ambient temperature (Tamb). Unfortunately, due to high thermal capacity of PV modules, accurate prediction of their actual operating temperature becomes often very difficult. Paper presents a simple method for modeling the time dependence of module temperature on solar irradiance, partially based on the method described in the IEC60904-5 standard. Experimental results show very good agreement with results that were calculated using modeled parameters. Effects of irradiance on the over temperature of the module, i.e. increase of module temperature above ambient level, have been analyzed using outdoor measurements for various technologies. It has been shown that in case of unstable irradiance conditions, incident solar energy of time period from several up to about twenty minutes, rather than actual irradiance value should be taken into account in order to narrow the uncertainty of module temperature to be determined. Such an approach takes into account thermal lag of a module to irradiance change. However, it is shown that the integrating time after which module temperature stabilizes differs for various module types. Correlations between TM and incident solar energy are analyzed, allowing to estimate time needed to achieve thermal stability of measured PV module.
Measurement scheme and analysis for weak ground state hyperfine transition moments through two-pathway coherent control
Creators: name: Choi, J.
name: Elliott, D. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report our detailed analysis of a table-top system for the measurement of the weak-force-induced electric dipole moment of a ground state hyperfine transition carried out in an atomic beam geometry. We describe an experimental configuration of conductors for application of orthogonal r.f. and static electric fields, with cavity enhancement of the r.f. field amplitude, that allows confinement of the r.f. field to a region in which the static fields are uniform and well-characterized. We carry out detailed numerical simulations of the field modes, and analyze the expected magnitude of statistical and systematic limits to the measurement of this transition amplitude in atomic cesium. The combination of an atomic beam with this configuration leads to strong suppression of magnetic dipole contributions to the atomic signal. The application of this technique to the measurement of extremely weak transition amplitudes in other atomic systems, especially alkali metals, seems very feasible.
A Model Describing the Suitability of Different Solar Cells for an Indoor Wireless Network
Creators: name: Minnaert, B.
name: Veelaert, P.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: PV Systems
Off-grid Applications

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 5173-5176
description: Wireless communication networks, focused towards indoor applications, face serious challenges in
terms of harvesting nearby natural sources of energy for power. Nowadays, these wireless systems use batteries as
source of energy. In order to obtain an “infinite” lifetime of the system, it should be able to harvest energy from
renewable resources in the device’s environment. Photovoltaic solar energy is an efficient natural energy sources
available for wireless networks for outdoor applications. However, for indoor applications, the efficiency of
photovoltaic cells is much lower. The question therefore arises: which type of solar cell is best for indoor devices?
This paper contributes to answering that question by comparing the power output of different solar cells with the
classical crystalline silicon solar cell as reference. This comparison is made for typical artificial light sources, which
are compared to the outdoor AM 1.5 spectrum as reference. The comparisons are done by simulation based on the
quantum efficiencies of the solar cells and the light spectra of the different light sources. Using these results, we can
determine the appropriateness of different solar cells for an indoor wireless network.
Analysis of Laser Melting and Resolidification Related to Additive Manufacturing
Creators: name: Jiang, Runbo
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2023
Subjects: Materials Engineering not elsewhere classified

description: Metal additive manufacturing (AM) has witnessed rapid development and ever-increasing interest from various industrial sectors over the last two decades. However, insufficient research into the process control, and resultant microstructure and defects is inhibiting the widespread adoption of AM technologies for critical structural components. The complexities associated with AM, such as the interplay between process parameters, thermal conditions, vapor depression dynamics, material properties, necessitate comprehensive research to optimize the manufacturing process and ensure the production of high-quality components. Acknowledging that the main hurdles in laser fabrication of single crystal components revolve around tackling the formation of stray grains and controlling grain orientation during the resolidification process, an extensive exploration of the impact of laser processing parameters on stray grain formation is undertaken. The objective of this endeavor is to establish a suitable processing window and validate the solidification models through the analysis of experimental data. In laser-based AM, high-irradiance laser interacting with metal surfaces initiates complex processes causing rapid shifts in the substrate’s optical behavior. Accurate quantification of absorbed light is crucial for understanding laser-material interactions, minimizing defects, and supporting solidification simulations. Keyhole geometry in laser melting relates to energy absorption, observed through advanced synchrotron x-ray and radiometry techniques. We propose two predictive models: an end-to-end deep learning approach using x-ray images, and a two-stage method involving geometric features and regression. This study establishes a connection between keyhole geometry and energy absorption, resulting in a validated absorption model for Ti-6Al-4V. Furthermore, in response to the challenges of analyzing large volumes of synchrotron imaging data, automated pipelines were developed to process the x-ray images of keyholes. These pipelines encompass segmentation and the extraction of feature attributes. In order to keep pace with the expanding amount of research papers, we showcased the viability of fine-tuning a large language model customized for the materials science field. This was achieved for tasks such as abstract classification, as well as the extraction of tables and metadata from scientific papers.
Experimental Determination of Physical Parameters in II-(III)-VI Thin-Film Solar Modules
Creators: name: Werner, B.
name: Kołodenny, W.
name: Dziedzic, A.
name: Zdanowicz, T.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
PV Modules

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 2881-2884
description: In the paper results of experimentally determined values of diffusion and recombination related components of diode dark saturation corresponding to double-diode model (DEM) for CI(G)S and CdTe are presented. Obtained values result from considering of p-n junction physical basics as well from numerical simulations. Presented examples show a discrepancy between diffusion and recombination dark current components derived using both methods. The reason for this discrepancy is discussed. Work has been partially done within EC-funded BIPV-CIS 6FP project and Internal University Grant (Grant no 12/332116/2008).
Shunts, Diode Breakdown and High Reverse Currents in Multicrystalline Silicon Solar Cells
Creators: name: Wagner, M.
name: Gründig-Wendrock, B.
name: Palinginis, P.
name: Knopf, C.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Materials and Cells

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 2028-2031
description: Dark reverse IV-characteristics of multicrystalline silicon solar cells may have several different shapes
depending on base material properties, cell process parameters, as well as their mutual interplay. All IV-curves have
in common that at some cell specific reverse voltage high currents can be conducted. If this occurs at comparably low
voltages, reverse currents may destroy the module under unfavorable operating conditions. Typically, high reverse
currents are associated with (ohmic) shunts. However, there is another physical mechanism which results in such
currents: regular diode breakdown. In multicrystalline silicon solar cells, the voltage at which this breakdown occurs
is mainly governed by the resistivity of the base material. When the base resistivity is too low, high reverse currents
under typical module operating conditions are possible even when no shunt is present.
Low-Cost Amorphous Silicon Module Design for Long-Term Reliability
Creators: name: Jansen, K.W.
name: Varvar, A.
name: Twesme, E.
name: Berens, T.
name: Dhere, N.G.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
PV Modules

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 2885-2888
description: Low-cost amorphous silicon modules have the ability to generate significant economic value, provided that they can operate reliably throughout their intended service life. EPV Solar has developed their low-cost module design using an approach of 1) identifying failure modes found in outdoor testing, 2) developing tests to simulate these failures, and 3) using these tests to optimize the module design to improve long term reliability. As part of this process, EPV Solar has identified four key loss mechanisms that must be considered in a robust a-Si module design, including light-induced degradation, moisture ingress and corrosion, TCO delamination, and glass breakage. Approaches to mitigate these factors are discussed and accelerated tests are described to facilitate the module design process. Outdoor test results at the Florida Solar Energy Center have demonstrated that modules using the low-cost EPV Solar design are capable of an energy yield of over 1260 kWh/kWp/yr.
Progress in Silicon Hetero-Junction Solar Cell Development and Scaling for Large Scale Mass Production Use
Creators: name: Strahm, B.
name: Andrault, Y.
name: Bätzner, D.L.
name: Guerin, C.
name: Holmes, N.
name: Kobas, M.
name: Lachenal, D.
name: Mendes, B.
name: Tesfai, M.
name: Wahli, G.
name: Wuensch, F.
name: Buechel, A.
name: Mai, J.
name: Schulze, T.
name: Vogt, M.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Materials and Cells

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 1286-1289
description: High efficiency silicon solar cell concepts such a silicon heterojunctions (Si-HJT) are of particular
interest to reduce the cost of solar electricity. This work presents results of mass production oriented development of
Si-HJT technology at Roth & Rau Switzerland. Amorphous-silicon and transparent conductive oxide layers have
been deposited in especially designed equipment by Roth & Rau for the Si-HJT production. It is shown that these
industrial type reactors, scalable to mass production, are very performant in terms of layer quality, uniformity and
repeatability. These layers associated to state-of-the-art wafer cleaning procedure result in very high surface
passivation quality with surface recombination velocities in the 1-2 cm/s range independently of the substrate surface,
i.e textured or polished. A statistical study on large area (148 cm2) cells is presented. It is shown that 50 % of the
produced cells has a light conversion efficiency within a [18.54, 19.07] % interval, with a record cell at 19.3 % with
an open circuit voltage as high as 726 mV.
Regional-Scale Modeling of Surface-Subsurface Flow: The Konya Closed Basin Case Study
Creators: name: Yologlu, Onur Cem,
name: Copty, Nadim
name: Tunca, Mehmet Can
name: Daloğlu Çetinkaya, Irem
name: Saysel, Ali Kerem
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: Basin-scale hydrological modeling is an essential tool for the management of water resources, particularly in arid and semi-arid regions. The development of such models is particularly challenging for large watersheds where the definition of the system parameters is associated with high levels of uncertainty. To address these challenges, we describe a geostatistical approach utilized to define the input parameters. The approach combines direct measurements as well as soft data to improve the reliability of the defined parameters. The focus is on the Konya Closed Basin case study, one of 5 case studies examined in the IntheMed project supported by the PRIMA programme
Development of N-Type Silicon Heterojunction Solar Cells by Using Novel Linear Remote RF PECVD A-Si:H Deposition
Creators: name: Wu, Y.
name: Boulif, K.
name: Devilee, C.
name: Dissel, M.
name: Dörenkämper, M.
name: Soppe, W.J.
name: Weeber, A.W.
name: Geerligs, L.J.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Materials and Cells

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 1290-1294
description: We report on n-type silicon heterojunction (SHJ) solar cells made using novel pilot scale deposition
equipment. We investigated the possibility to apply a simplified cell structure without a passivating intrinsic amorphous
silicon buffer layer [a-Si:H(i)]. The doped amorphous silicon layers [a-Si:H (n/p)] were deposited by using a novel
remote plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition system (PECVD) with a linear radio frequency (rf) source. Processes
for thin (10-20nm) doped a-Si:H layers with useful conductivity and surface passivation were developed and applied in
the formation of the SHJ cell. A total recombination velocity of less than 40 cm/s on (100) surface was obtained. An
efficiency of 13.2% of several untextured SHJ cells with an area of 21.1cm2 was established.
Finite-volume Hamiltonian method for $ππ$ scattering in lattice QCD
Creators: name: Wu, Jia-Jun
name: Lee, T. -S. Harry
name: Leinweber, Derek B.
name: Thomas, A. W.
name: Young, Ross D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Within a formulation of $ππ$ scattering, we investigate the use of the finite-volume Hamiltonian approach to resolving scattering observables from lattice QCD spectra. We consider spectra in the centre-of-mass and moving frames for both S- and P-wave cases. Furthermore, we investigate the multi-channel case. Here we study the use of the Hamiltonian framework as a parametrization that can be fit directly to lattice spectra. Through this method, the hadron properties, such as mass, width and coupling, can be directly extracted from the lattice spectra.
description: Talk given at the 10th International Workshop on the Physics of Excited Nucleons (NSTAR2015), Osaka, May 25--28 2015
Voltage Management Options for Smart Grids. Example of Large-Scale BIPV Schemes
Creators: name: Niemi, R.
name: Lund, P.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: PV Systems
Smart Grids, Intelligent Metering, and Related Issues

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 5097-5101
description: In this paper we study voltage management options for large-scale building integrated PV systems. The
building density is closely linked to the PV size and load for each dwelling. Load and production profiles are
generated to analyse the voltages that are generated. The impact of the placement of different housing types is
investigated. Electricity storages are used to limit the voltages and power flow through the transformer.
Bringing Together International Research on High Penetration PV in Electricity Grids - The New Task 14 of the IEA-Photovoltaic Power Systems Programme
Creators: name: Bründlinger, R.
name: Mayr, C.
name: Fechner, H.
name: Braun, M.
name: Ogimoto, K.
name: Frederiksen, K.
name: Kroposki, B.
name: Graditi, G.
name: MacGill, I.F.
name: Turcotte, D.
name: Perret, L.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: PV Systems
Large PV Power Plants and High Penetration of Distributed PV: System Aspects and Grid Integration

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 4971-4975
description: This paper presents the approach and objectives of the new IEA-PVPS1 [1] Task 14 on “High Penetration
PV in Electricity Grids” which aims at reducing the technical barriers to achieving high PV penetration levels and thus promoting
the use of grid connected PV as an important source in electric power systems. Task 14 will focus on working with
utilities, industry, and other stakeholders to develop the technologies and methods enabling the widespread deployment of
distributed PV technologies into the electricity grids. Using the highly accepted dissemination tools of IEA PVPS easy access
to the main findings of the work is expected to mitigate concerns of high penetration PV to the benefit of a large number of
countries.
Determination of single-bond association kinetics by tethered particle motion: concept and simulations
Creators: name: Merkus, Koen E.
name: Prins, Menno W. J.
name: Storm, Cornelis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Tethered particle motion (TPM) --- the motion of a micro- or nanoparticle tethered to a substrate by a macromolecule --- is a system that has proven extremely useful for its ability to reveal physical features of the tether, because the thermal motion of the bound particle reports sensitively on parameters like the length, the rigidity, or the folding state of its tether. In this paper, we discuss a novel application of TPM, surveying its utility in probing the kinetics of single secondary bonds: bonds that form and break between the tethered particle and a substrate due, for instance, to receptor/ligand pairs on particle and substrate. Much like the tether itself affects the motion pattern, so do the presence and absence of such secondary connections. Keeping the tether properties constant, we demonstrate how raw positional TPM data may be parsed to generate detailed insights into the association and dissociation kinetics of single secondary bonds. We do this using coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations, specifically developed to treat the motion of particles close to interfaces.
Supplement Text: from Single-cell transcriptome sequencing reveals Wolbachia-mediated modification in early stages of Drosophila spermatogenesis
Creators: name: Dou, Weihao
name: Sun, Baofa
name: Miao, Yunheng
name: Huang, Dawei
name: Xiao, Jinhua
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology

description: Details on the methods and supplementary figures in support of the manuscript (Figures. S1-S4)
Mismatch Analysis in the Performance of a Photovoltaic Module
Creators: name: Alonso-García, M.C.
name: Martín, N.
name: Chenlo, F.
name: Ariza, M.A.
name: Sánchez-Friera, P.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
PV Modules

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 2834-2836
description: This paper presents first results of an experimental work that is being carried out at CIEMAT in collaboration with ISOFOTON, to evaluate mismatch effects of PV devices serially connected. With this purpose, a special module consisting of two 8 cell strings plus four additional special cells has been manufactured. Individual cells can be accessed for measurement, so that module I-V characteristic can be measured at the same time than individual cell voltages. First results of working point of cells for different module operation conditions are presented, together with the effect of substituting string cells by special cells (low Isc and/or FF). The study is complemented by IR characterization of the module.
An observation on Classification of Lie point symmetries for quadratic Liénard type equation $\ddot{x}+f\left(x\right) \dot{x}^{2}+g\left( x\right) =0$ [JMP 54, 053506 (2013)] and its erratum [JMP 55, 059901 (2014)]
Creators: name: Paliathanasis, A.
name: Leach, P. G. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate a simplification of some recent works on the classification of the Lie symmetries for a quadratic equation of Liénard type. We observe that the problem could have been resolved more simply.
description: 3 pages, to be published in Journal of Mathematical Physics
Installation Advantage of NAS Battery for Scheduled Operation of PV Power Plant
Creators: name: Takayama, S.
name: Hara, R.
name: Kita, H.
name: Ito, T.
name: Ueda, Y.
name: Saito, Y.
name: Takitani, K.
name: Yamaguchi, K.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: PV Systems
Large PV Power Plants and High Penetration of Distributed PV: System Aspects and Grid Integration

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 4976-4979
description: Recently, photovoltaic (PV) generation attracts great attentions as a countermeasure against the global
warming. However, PV generation output fluctuates due to the solar radiation variation. Unstable power from PV
power plants may cause some serious impacts to the power system. Moreover, unpredictable generation output from
PV power plants may result in increase in required reserve capacity or regulating capacity. Authors have examined
the scheduled operation of PV power plant utilizing energy storage systems (sodium-sulfur (NAS) battery) and solar
radiation forecast. This paper discusses and evaluates the installation advantage of NAS battery for the scheduled
operation of PV power plant using the actual solar radiation data and solar radiation forecast data measured at the
Wakkanai PV power plant.
Smart Grid Solution Approach for PV Solar Applications
Creators: name: Krause, R.
name: Seider, C.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: PV Systems
Smart Grids, Intelligent Metering, and Related Issues

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 5092-5096
description: Renewable energy solutions are useful applications to support energy peak management. This can
be done only if the grid management is done smart enough to leverage cost and power demand. One feature
which must be certainly improved is that the installed solar power is used and maintained most efficient.
Grid improvement should be realized by using the power more efficient. Degradations in the PV solar
installations and module string are determined preventive to minimize losses. Temporary performance decrease
due to shading etc. must be managed smarter to overcome the losses. The solar panel installations must provide
ongoing real time data input. This data must be used to perform activities like performance monitoring of power
as well as of temperature. Also must the data be used to perform historical analysis, device performance
prediction, event notification and benchmarks with current and forecasted weather conditions. The high granular
data availability enables a dynamic string build to optimize power output and grid parity capability.
The grid connection must be used to monitor grid load. The smart solution is to manage renewable power in the
grid in an optimized and dynamic manner (local storage versus grid use).
Generating Random Earthquake Events for PTHA
Creators: name: LeVeque, Randall J.
name: Waagan, Knut
name: González, Frank I.
name: Rim, Donsub
name: Lin, Guang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 86-08, 65

description: In order to perform probabilistic tsunami hazard assessment (PTHA) based on subduction zone earthquakes, it is necessary to start with a catalog of possible future events along with the annual probability of occurance, or a probability distribution of such events that can be easily sampled. For nearfield events, the distribution of slip on the fault can have a significant effect on the resulting tsunami. We present an approach to defining a probability distribution based on subdividing the fault geometry into many subfaults and prescribing a desired covariance matrix relating slip on one subfault to slip on any other subfault. The eigenvalues and eigenvectors of this matrix are then used to define a Karhunen-Loève expansion for random slip patterns. This is similar to a spectral representation of random slip based on Fourier series but conforms to a general fault geometry. We show that only a few terms in this series are needed to represent the features of the slip distribution that are most important in tsunami generation, first with a simple one-dimensional example where slip varies only in the down-dip direction and then on a portion of the Cascadia Subduction Zone.
description: 24 pages, 12 figures, code provided at this URL
Supplement Text: from Single-cell transcriptome sequencing reveals Wolbachia-mediated modification in early stages of Drosophila spermatogenesis
Creators: name: Dou, Weihao
name: Sun, Baofa
name: Miao, Yunheng
name: Huang, Dawei
name: Xiao, Jinhua
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology

description: Details on the methods and supplementary figures in support of the manuscript (Figures. S1-S4)
Scaling laws for the critical current density in anisotropic biaxial superconductors
Creators: name: Li, Yingxu
name: Kang, Guozheng
name: Gao, Yuanwen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To understand the anisotropy of flux pinning and critical current density in technological superconductors, the scaling law for the anisotropy of single-vortex collective pinning in uniaxial superconductors is extended to flux-bundle collective pinning in biaxial superconductors. The scaling results show that in a system of random uncorrected point defects, the critical current density is described by a unified function with the magnetic field of the scaled isotropic superconductor. The obtained angular dependence of the critical current density depicts the main features of experimental observations, considering possible corrections due to the strong-pinning interaction.
The Home Energy Management System for Balancing Power Demand and Supply Under the Large Photovoltaics Penetration
Creators: name: Ikegami, T.
name: Kataoka, K.
name: Iwafune, Y.
name: Ogimoto, K.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: PV Systems
Smart Grids, Intelligent Metering, and Related Issues

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 5102-5104
description: The large penetration of Renewable Energy Systems, such as photovoltaics (PV), solar thermal power
and wind power are needed to build the Low-Carbon Society. In mid and long term, PV generation systems are
expected to be economically competitive with the conventional power supply systems, and assumed to penetrate
significant amounts of PV systems as the home electric appliances in Japan. However, PV generation, which differs
from the conventional generations, has regularly diurnal fluctuation and annual variation, and irregularly change
caused by the cloud. Accordingly, the large penetration of PV systems will cause not only the issues of voltage and
power flow fluctuation in a local distribution system but also the issues of power supply-demand balance of a power
system. To balance power supply and demand, not only the application of the pumped-storage power generation or
the large-scale battery in supply side but also the activation of the home power usage, storage and generation by
sophisticated scheduling and control using the Home Energy Management System (HEMS) are imperative in the
future power system. To develop the HEMS for balancing power supply and demand, we developed the Optimum
Operation Scheduling Model for Domestic Electric Appliances using Mixed Integer Linear Programming.
Sweep Time, Spectral Mismatch and Light Soaking in Thin Film Module Measurements
Creators: name: Kuurne, J.
name: Tolvanen, A.
name: Hyvärinen, J.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
PV Modules

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 2855-2857
description: Measurements of thin film modules with a single flash inline simulator were compared to outdoor measurements with 6 different modules (2 a-Si, 2 CdTe and 2 CIGS). Outdoor measurements were done with voltage sweep times ranging from 0.5 to 25 ms. The performance of CdTe modules was measured before and after light soaking. Sweep time was not observed to have an effect on the measured performance with sweeps over 1 ms. Sweeps shorter than 1 ms can reduce the measured power particularly with a-Si modules. The differences with outdoor and indoor measurements were small implying the measurement is not sensitive to the used spectrum. The largest difference between indoor and outdoor performance was observed for triple junction a-Si.
Local-to-global rigidity of Bruhat-Tits buildings
Creators: name: de la Salle, Mikael
name: Tessera, Romain
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A vertex-transitive graph X is called local-to-global rigid if there exists R such that every other graph whose balls of radius R are isometric to the balls of radius R in X is covered by X. Let $d\geq 4$. We show that the 1-skeleton of an affine Bruhat-Tits building of type $\widetilde A_{d-1}$ is local-to-global rigid if and only if the underlying field has characteristic 0. For example the Bruhat-Tits building of $SL(d,F_p((t)))$ is not local-to-global rigid, while the Bruhat-Tits building of $SL(d,Q_p)$ is local-to-global rigid.
description: 11 pages
Breakdown of the Kondo insulating state in SmB6 by introducing Sm vacancies
Creators: name: Valentine, Michael E.
name: Koohpayeh, Seyed
name: Phelan, W. Adam
name: McQueen, Tyrel M.
name: Rosa, Priscila F. S.
name: Fisk, Zachary
name: Drichko, Natalia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: SmB6 is a proposed topological Kondo insulator where the presence of topological nontriviality can be tuned by variations in the Sm valence. Experimentally, Sm valence can be changed by tuning stoichiometry of SmB6. We show that Raman scattering can detect vacancies lower than 1% of Sm sites in SmB6 crystal by probing the intensity of defect-induced scattering of the acoustic phonon branch at 10~meV. In the electronic Raman spectra of SmB6 at temperatures below 130~K, we observe features developing in A$_{1g}$ and E$_g$ symmetries at 100 and 41~meV which we assign to excitations between hybridized bands, and depressed spectral weight below 20~meV associated with the hybridization gap. With the increased number of Sm vacancies up to 1% we observe an increase of spectral weight below 20~meV showing that the gap is filling in with electronic states. For the sample with the lowest number of vacancies the in-gap exciton excitations with long lifetimes protected by hybridization gap are observed at 16-18~meV in E$_g$ and T$_{2g}$ symmetries. These excitations broaden as a decrease in the lifetime with increasing number of vacancies and are quenched by the presence of in-gap states at concentration of Sm vacancies of about 1%. Based on this study we suggest that only the most stoichiometric SmB6 samples have a bulk gap necessary for topological Kondo insulators.
All-Screen-Printed 120-µm-Thin Large-Area Silicon Solar Cells Applying Dielectric Rear Passivation and Laser-Fired Contacts Reaching 18% Efficiency
Creators: name: Gautero, L.
name: Hofmann, M.
name: Rentsch, J.
name: Bitnar, B.
name: Sallese, J.-M.
name: Preu, R.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Materials and Cells

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 1151-1157
description: Market demand for a lower price per Wattpeak asks for the development of solar cell designs with
low production costs and high performance. One approach to reach high efficiency with a solar cell structure
containing a diffused emitter on a p-type silicon wafer is to implement a PERC structure on the rear [1]. This
structure becomes advantageous to the standard screen printed solar cell when its production cost stays comparable to
the latter’s and offers higher efficiency [2]. Since this technique can inherently be applied to thinner wafers, reduced
material consumption offers an additional advantage. The purpose of this work is to analyse the solar cells resulting
from a production sequence able to create a PERC structure on thin silicon wafers using steps available in the PV
industry or at least close to industrial application and estimate further sound improvements. This approach, at its
current state of the art, achieves on Czochralski (Cz) wafers of 120 μm thickness a stable efficiency of 18.0 %.