cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Anisotropic Impurity-States, Quasiparticle Scattering and Nematic Transport in Underdoped Ca(Fe1-xCox)2As2
Creators: name: Allan, M. P.
name: Chuang, T. -M.
name: Massee, F.
name: Xie, Yang
name: Ni, Ni
name: Bud'ko, S. L.
name: Boebinger, G. S.
name: Wang, Q.
name: Dessau, D. S.
name: Canfield, P. C.
name: Golden, M. S.
name: Davis, J. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Iron-based high temperature superconductivity develops when the `parent' antiferromagnetic/orthorhombic phase is suppressed, typically by introduction of dopant atoms. But their impact on atomic-scale electronic structure, while in theory quite complex, is unknown experimentally. What is known is that a strong transport anisotropy with its resistivity maximum along the crystal b-axis, develops with increasing concentration of dopant atoms; this `nematicity' vanishes when the `parent' phase disappears near the maximum superconducting Tc. The interplay between the electronic structure surrounding each dopant atom, quasiparticle scattering therefrom, and the transport nematicity has therefore become a pivotal focus of research into these materials. Here, by directly visualizing the atomic-scale electronic structure, we show that substituting Co for Fe atoms in underdoped Ca(Fe1-xCox)2As2 generates a dense population of identical anisotropic impurity states. Each is ~8 Fe-Fe unit cells in length, and all are distributed randomly but aligned with the antiferromagnetic a-axis. By imaging their surrounding interference patterns, we further demonstrate that these impurity states scatter quasiparticles in a highly anisotropic manner, with the maximum scattering rate concentrated along the b-axis. These data provide direct support for the recent proposals that it is primarily anisotropic scattering by dopant-induced impurity states that generates the transport nematicity; they also yield simple explanations for the enhancement of the nematicity proportional to the dopant density and for the occurrence of the highest resistivity along the b-axis.
Percutaneous inner-ear access via an image-guided industrial robot system
Creators: name: Baron, S.
name: Eilers, H.
name: Munske, B.
name: Toennies, J.L.
name: Balachandran, R.
name: Labadie, R.F.
name: Ortmaier, T.
name: Webster, R.J.
Publisher: name: London : SAGE Publications Ltd.
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cochlear implantation
subject: Image-guided industrial robot systems
subject: Kalman filter-based data fusion
subject: Optical tracking
subject: Percutaneous inner-ear access
subject: Petrous apex access
subject: Absolute position
subject: Brain tissue
subject: Calibration procedure
subject: Ear surgery
subject: High-accuracy
subject: Image-guided
subject: Interventional
subject: Optical tracking systems
subject: Patient safety
subject: Robot calibration
subject: Robot positions
subject: Sensory information
subject: Differential robots
subject: Inner ear
subject: petrous apex access
subject: Simplified calibrations
subject: Calibration
subject: Cochlear implants
subject: Data fusion
subject: Industrial robots
subject: Information fusion
subject: Kalman filters
subject: Surgery
subject: Robots
subject: Tracking (position)
subject: Surgical equipment
subject: algorithm
subject: article
subject: computer assisted surgery
subject: ear surgery
subject: equipment design
subject: human
subject: image processing
subject: image quality
subject: inner ear
subject: instrumentation
subject: methodology
subject: motion
subject: robotics
subject: Algorithms
subject: Ear, Inner
subject: Equipment Design
subject: Humans
subject: Image Processing, Computer-Assisted
subject: Motion
subject: Otologic Surgical Procedures
subject: Phantoms, Imaging
subject: Robotics
subject: Surgery, Computer-Assisted
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::610 | Medizin, Gesundheit

description: Image-guided robots have been widely used for bone shaping and percutaneous access to interventional sites. However, due to high-accuracy requirements and proximity to sensitive nerves and brain tissues, the adoption of robots in inner-ear surgery has been slower. In this paper the authors present their recent work towards developing two image-guided industrial robot systems for accessing challenging inner-ear targets. Features of the systems include optical tracking of the robot base and tool relative to the patient and Kalman filter-based data fusion of redundant sensory information (from encoders and optical tracking systems) for enhanced patient safety. The approach enables control of differential robot positions rather than absolute positions, permitting simplified calibration procedures and reducing the reliance of the system on robot calibration in order to ensure overall accuracy. Lastly, the authors present the results of two phantom validation experiments simulating the use of image-guided robots in inner-ear surgeries such as cochlear implantation and petrous apex access.
Using the DOM Tree for Content Extraction
Creators: name: López, Sergio
name: Silva, Josep
name: Insa, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The main information of a webpage is usually mixed between menus, advertisements, panels, and other not necessarily related information; and it is often difficult to automatically isolate this information. This is precisely the objective of content extraction, a research area of widely interest due to its many applications. Content extraction is useful not only for the final human user, but it is also frequently used as a preprocessing stage of different systems that need to extract the main content in a web document to avoid the treatment and processing of other useless information. Other interesting application where content extraction is particularly used is displaying webpages in small screens such as mobile phones or PDAs. In this work we present a new technique for content extraction that uses the DOM tree of the webpage to analyze the hierarchical relations of the elements in the webpage. Thanks to this information, the technique achieves a considerable recall and precision. Using the DOM structure for content extraction gives us the benefits of other approaches based on the syntax of the webpage (such as characters, words and tags), but it also gives us a very precise information regarding the related components in a block, thus, producing very cohesive blocks.
description: In Proceedings WWV 2012, arXiv:1210.5783
Analytic structure of the Landau gauge gluon propagator
Creators: name: Strauss, Stefan
name: Fischer, Christian S.
name: Kellermann, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The analytic structure of the non-perturbative gluon propagator contains information on the absence of gluons from the physical spectrum of the theory. We study this structure from numerical solutions in the complex momentum plane of the gluon and ghost Dyson-Schwinger equations in Landau gauge Yang-Mills theory. The resulting ghost and gluon propagators are analytic apart from a distinct cut structure on the real, timelike momentum axis. The propagator violates the Osterwalder-Schrader positivity condition, confirming the absence of gluons from the asymptotic spectrum of the theory.
description: 5 pages, 7 figures
Rezension [Rezension zu: Dannerer, Monika: Narrative Fähigkeiten und Individualität. Mündlicher und schriftlicher Erzählerwerb im Längsschnitt von der 5. bis zur 12. Schulstufe]
Creators: name: Becker, Tabea
Publisher: name: Berlin : Walter de Gruyter
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Linguistik
subject: Textkompetenz
subject: Erzählen
subject: Spracherwerb
subject: Sekundarstufe
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::400 | Sprache, Linguistik
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::400 | Sprache, Linguistik::430 | Deutsch

description: Rezension zu: Dannerer, Monika: Narrative Fähigkeiten und Individualität: Mündlicher und schriftlicher Erzählerwerb im Längsschnitt von der 5. bis zur 12. Schulstufe. - Tübingen: Stauffenburg, 2012, 446 S. ISBN 978-3-86057-110-1
SolDAC Project Presentation
Creators: name: Soley, Gisela
name: Pérez, Julio A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: project presentation
aircapture
carboncapture
carbonstorage

description: Download to learn quickly the main aspects of SolDAC project! Who we are, what our innovations are and how our project is innovating when it comes to carbon capture and storage!
Polystyrene nanoplastics differentially influence the outcome of infection by two microparasites of the host Daphnia magna
Creators: name: Manzi, Florent
name: Schlösser, Paula
name: Owczarz, Agata
name: Wolinska, Justyna
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: zooplankton
subject: plastic pollution
subject: Ordospora
subject: Metschnikowia
subject: co-infection
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: The accumulation of micro- and nanoplastic particles in freshwater bodies has given rise to much concern regarding their potential adverse effects on aquatic biota. Beyond their known effects on single species, recent experimental evidence suggests that host–parasite interactions can also be affected by environmental concentrations of micro- and nanoplastics. However, investigating the effects of contaminants in simplified infection settings (i.e. one host, one parasite) may understate their ecological relevance, considering that co-infections are common in nature. We exposed the cladoceran Daphnia magna to a fungal parasite of the haemolymph (Metschnikowia bicuspidata) and a gut microsporidium (Ordospora colligata), either in single or co-infection. In addition, Daphnia were raised individually in culture media containing 0, 5 or 50 mg l−1 of polystyrene nanoplastic beads (100 nm). Only few infections were successful at the higher nanoplastic concentration, due to increased mortality of the host. While no significant effect of the low concentration was detected on the microsporidium, the proportion of hosts infected by the fungal parasite increased dramatically, leading to more frequent co-infections under nanoplastic exposure. These results indicate that nanoplastics can affect the performance of distinct pathogens in diverging ways, with the potential to favour parasite coexistence in a common zooplanktonic host.
Fishing Station, Review Letter, L.K. McLean Associates, P.C. Vincent Guadiello to Town Supervisor Cathy Lester, April 22 1998
Creators: name: P.C. Vincent Guadiello
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998

description: This letter correspondence with accompanying map between the L. K. McLean Associates PC Vincent Guadiello to Town Supervisor Cathy Lester on April 22, 1998 describes the potential effects of Bulkhead removal and improvement plan for the bulkhead at Maidstone Park in Three mile Harbor.
Kernel Bounds for Structural Parameterizations of Pathwidth
Creators: name: Bodlaender, Hans L.
name: Jansen, Bart M. P.
name: Kratsch, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.2.2; G.2.2
subject: 05C85, 68R10, 68Q25

description: Assuming the AND-distillation conjecture, the Pathwidth problem of determining whether a given graph G has pathwidth at most k admits no polynomial kernelization with respect to k. The present work studies the existence of polynomial kernels for Pathwidth with respect to other, structural, parameters. Our main result is that, unless NP is in coNP/poly, Pathwidth admits no polynomial kernelization even when parameterized by the vertex deletion distance to a clique, by giving a cross-composition from Cutwidth. The cross-composition works also for Treewidth, improving over previous lower bounds by the present authors. For Pathwidth, our result rules out polynomial kernels with respect to the distance to various classes of polynomial-time solvable inputs, like interval or cluster graphs. This leads to the question whether there are nontrivial structural parameters for which Pathwidth does admit a polynomial kernelization. To answer this, we give a collection of graph reduction rules that are safe for Pathwidth. We analyze the success of these results and obtain polynomial kernelizations with respect to the following parameters: the size of a vertex cover of the graph, the vertex deletion distance to a graph where each connected component is a star, and the vertex deletion distance to a graph where each connected component has at most c vertices.
description: This paper contains the proofs omitted from the extended abstract published in the proceedings of Algorithm Theory - SWAT 2012 - 13th Scandinavian Symposium and Workshops, Helsinki, Finland, July 4-6, 2012
Rating enrichment items by female group-housed laboratory mice in multiple binary choice tests using an RFID-based tracking system
Creators: name: Hobbiesiefken, Ute
name: Urmersbach, Birk
name: Jaap, Anne
name: Diederich, Kai
name: Lewejohann, Lars
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mice
subject: Housing
subject: Mouse models
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::630 Landwirtschaft::630 Landwirtschaft und verwandte Bereiche

description: Laboratory mice spend most of their lives in cages, not experiments, so improving housing conditions is a first-choice approach to improving their welfare. Despite the increasing popularity of enrichment, little is known about the benefits from an animal perspective. For a detailed analysis, we categorized enrichment items according to their prospective use into the categories ‘structural’, ‘housing’, and ‘foraging’. In homecage-based multiple binary choice tests 12 female C57BL/6J mice chose between enrichment items within the respective categories over a 46-hour period. A new analyzing method combined the binary decisions and ranked the enrichment items within each category by calculating worth values and consensus errors. Although there was no unequivocal ranking that was true in its entire rank order for all individual mice, certain elements (e.g. lattice ball, second plane) were always among the top positions. Overall, a high consensus error in ranking positions reflects strong individual differences in preferences which could not be resolved due to the relatively small sample size. However, individual differences in the preference for enrichment items highlights the importance of a varied enrichment approach, as there does not seem to be one item that satisfies the wants and needs of all individuals to the same degree. An enrichment concept, in which the needs of the animals are central, contributes to a more specific refinement of housing conditions.
Do Millennials read books or blogs? Introducing a media usage typology of the internet generation
Creators: name: Kilian, Thomas
name: Hennigs, Nadine
name: Langner, Sascha
Publisher: name: Bingley : Emerald Group Publishing Ltd.
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Digital natives
subject: Internet
subject: Mass media
subject: Media use
subject: Millennials
subject: Social media
subject: Social software
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::650 | Management

description: Purpose: Millennials, the Net Generation, and digital natives all represent the same, fervently discussed phenomenon, especially in the education sciences. As the terms suggest, the main idea behind this phenomenon is that the younger generation embraces new media far more comprehensively than the older generations. However, the literature is mostly based on anecdotal evidence. To date, surprisingly little empirical research exists on the media use of the "Internet Generation". In this paper, the authors aim to partially close this gap. In doing so, they focus especially on the use of social media. Design/methodology/approach: Active media use is a key element of social software and Web 2.0 and has the potential to affect the media industry on a fundamental level. Using a large-scale empirical study with over 800 participants, the authors identify three different subgroups of Millennials. Findings: The results indicate that, although participation in and identification with social media is generally high, Millennials are less homogeneous than the literature suggests. Furthermore, the traditional media still represent integral parts of the overall media portfolio. Originality/value: These results are valuable not only as a starting point for future research on the Millennials' media usage but also for media management practices in general. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited.
Adding Sessions to BPEL
Creators: name: Michaux, Jonathan
name: Najm, Elie
name: Fantechi, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: By considering an essential subset of the BPEL orchestration language, we define SeB, a session based style of this subset. We discuss the formal semantics of SeB and we present its main properties. We use a new approach to address the formal semantics, based on a translation into so-called control graphs. Our semantics handles control links and addresses the static semantics that prescribes the valid usage of variables. We also provide the semantics of collections of networked services. Relying on these semantics, we define precisely what is meant by interaction safety, paving the way to the formal analysis of safe interactions between BPEL services.
description: In Proceedings WWV 2012, arXiv:1210.5783
What is the origin of the mass of the Higgs boson?
Creators: name: Novello, M.
name: Bittencourt, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The purpose of this paper is to present a unified description of mass generation mechanisms that have been investigated so far and that are called the Mach and Higgs proposals. In our mechanism, gravity acts merely as a catalyst and the final expression of the mass depends neither on the intensity nor on the particular properties of the gravitational field. We shall see that these two strategies to provide mass for all bodies that operate independently and competitively can be combined into a single unified theoretical framework. As a consequence of this new formulation we are able to present an answer to the question: what is the origin of the mass of the Higgs boson?
description: 7 pages. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1111.4228, arXiv:1008.2371
A Rigorous Derivation of the Equations for the Clamped Biot-Kirchhoff-Love Poroelastic plate
Creators: name: Marciniak-Czochra, Anna
name: Mikelic, Andro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 35B25, 74F10, 74K20, 74Q15, 76S

description: In this paper we investigate the limit behavior of the solution to quasi-static Biot's equations in thin poroelastic plates as the thickness tends to zero. We choose Terzaghi's time corresponding to the plate thickness and obtain the strong convergence of the three-dimensional solid displacement, fluid pressure and total poroelastic stress to the solution of the new class of plate equations. In the new equations the in-plane stretching is described by the 2D Navier's linear elasticity equations, with elastic moduli depending on Gassmann's and Biot's coefficients. The bending equation is coupled with the pressure equation and it contains the bending moment due to the variation in pore pressure across the plate thickness. The pressure equation is parabolic only in the vertical direction. As additional terms it contains the time derivative of the in-plane Laplacean of the vertical deflection of the plate and of the the elastic in-plane compression term.
Regulation of 3′ splice site selection after step 1 of splicing by spliceosomal C* proteins
Creators: name: Dybkov, Olexandr
name: Preussner, Marco
name: El Ayoubi, Leyla
name: Feng, Vivi-Yun
name: Harnisch, Caroline
name: Merz, Kilian
name: Leupold, Paula
name: Yudichev, Peter
name: Agafonov, Dmitry E.
name: Heyd, Florian
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 3′ splice site selection
subject: splicing
subject: spliceosomal C* proteins
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: Alternative precursor messenger RNA splicing is instrumental in expanding the proteome of higher eukaryotes, and changes in 3′ splice site (3'ss) usage contribute to human disease. We demonstrate by small interfering RNA–mediated knockdowns, followed by RNA sequencing, that many proteins first recruited to human C* spliceosomes, which catalyze step 2 of splicing, regulate alternative splicing, including the selection of alternatively spliced NAGNAG 3′ss. Cryo–electron microscopy and protein cross-linking reveal the molecular architecture of these proteins in C* spliceosomes, providing mechanistic and structural insights into how they influence 3'ss usage. They further elucidate the path of the 3′ region of the intron, allowing a structure-based model for how the C* spliceosome potentially scans for the proximal 3′ss. By combining biochemical and structural approaches with genome-wide functional analyses, our studies reveal widespread regulation of alternative 3′ss usage after step 1 of splicing and the likely mechanisms whereby C* proteins influence NAGNAG 3′ss choices.
Deterministic and stochastic descriptions of gene expression dynamics
Creators: name: Marathe, Rahul
name: Bierbaum, Veronika
name: Gomez, David
name: Klumpp, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A key goal of systems biology is the predictive mathematical description of gene regulatory circuits. Different approaches are used such as deterministic and stochastic models, models that describe cell growth and division explicitly or implicitly etc. Here we consider simple systems of unregulated (constitutive) gene expression and compare different mathematical descriptions systematically to obtain insight into the errors that are introduced by various common approximations such as describing cell growth and division by an effective protein degradation term. In particular, we show that the population average of protein content of a cell exhibits a subtle dependence on the dynamics of growth and division, the specific model for volume growth and the age structure of the population. Nevertheless, the error made by models with implicit cell growth and division is quite small. Furthermore, we compare various models that are partially stochastic to investigate the impact of different sources of (intrinsic) noise. This comparison indicates that different sources of noise (protein synthesis, partitioning in cell division) contribute comparable amounts of noise if protein synthesis is not or only weakly bursty. If protein synthesis is very bursty, the burstiness is the dominant noise source, independent of other details of the model. Finally, we discuss two sources of extrinsic noise: cell-to-cell variations in protein content due to cells being at different stages in the division cycles, which we show to be small (for the protein concentration and, surprisingly, also for the protein copy number per cell) and fluctuations in the growth rate, which can have a significant impact.
description: 23 pages, 5 figures; Journal of Statistical physics (2012)
Region-Based Template Matching Prediction for Intra Coding
Creators: name: Venugopal, Gayathri
name: Müller, Karsten
name: Pfaff, Jonathan
name: Schwarz, Heiko
name: Marpe, Detlev
name: Wiegand, Thomas
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Decoding
subject: Video coding
subject: Image coding
subject: Indexes
subject: Encoding
subject: Distortion
subject: Prediction algorithms
subject: 000 Informatik, Informationswissenschaft, allgemeine Werke::000 Informatik, Wissen, Systeme::004 Datenverarbeitung; Informatik

description: Copy prediction is a renowned category of prediction techniques in video coding where the current block is predicted by copying the samples from a similar block that is present somewhere in the already decoded stream of samples. Motion-compensated prediction, intra block copy, template matching prediction etc. are examples. While the displacement information of the similar block is transmitted to the decoder in the bit-stream in the first two approaches, it is derived at the decoder in the last one by repeating the same search algorithm which was carried out at the encoder. Region-based template matching is a recently developed prediction algorithm that is an advanced form of standard template matching. In this method, the reference area is partitioned into multiple regions and the region to be searched for the similar block(s) is conveyed to the decoder in the bit-stream. Further, its final prediction signal is a linear combination of already decoded similar blocks from the given region. It was demonstrated in previous publications that region-based template matching is capable of achieving coding efficiency improvements for intra as well as inter-picture coding with considerably less decoder complexity than conventional template matching. In this paper, a theoretical justification for region-based template matching prediction subject to experimental data is presented. Additionally, the test results of the aforementioned method on the latest H.266/Versatile Video Coding (VVC) test model (version VTM-14.0) yield an average Bjøntegaard-Delta (BD) bit-rate savings of −0.75% using all intra (AI) configuration with 130% encoder run-time and 104% decoder run-time for a particular parameter selection.
Analyzing Consistency of Behavioral REST Web Service Interfaces
Creators: name: Rauf, Irum
name: Khan, Ali Hanzala
name: Porres, Ivan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Design; Languages; Verification

description: REST web services can offer complex operations that do more than just simply creating, retrieving, updating and deleting information from a database. We have proposed an approach to design the interfaces of behavioral REST web services by defining a resource and a behavioral model using UML. In this paper we discuss the consistency between the resource and behavioral models that represent service states using state invariants. The state invariants are defined as predicates over resources and describe what are the valid state configurations of a behavioral model. If a state invariant is unsatisfiable then there is no valid state configuration containing the state and there is no service that can implement the service interface. We also show how we can use reasoning tools to determine the consistency between these design models.
description: In Proceedings WWV 2012, arXiv:1210.5783
How to recover both velocity components in discs of barred galaxies with integral-field spectroscopy
Creators: name: Maciejewski, Witold
name: Emsellem, Eric
name: Krajnović, Davor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new method that derives both velocity components in the equatorial plane of a barred stellar disc from the observed line-of-sight velocity, assuming geometry of a thin disc. The method can be applied to large departures from circular motion, and does not require multipole decomposition. It is based on assumptions that the bar is close to steady-state (i.e. does not evolve fast), and that both morphology and kinematics are symmetrical with respect to the major axis of the bar. We derive the equations used in the method, and analyze the effect of observational errors on the inferred velocity fields. We show that this method produces meaningful results via a simple toy model. We also apply the method on integral-field data of NGC 936, for which we recover both velocity components in the disc. Knowing both velocity components in the disc, i.e. the non-observable transverse velocity in addition to the line-of-sight velocity, puts additional constraints on dynamical models and allows for new ways of determining parameters that are crucial in characterizing galaxies.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures, accepted by MNRAS on 3 Sept 2012
Optimization of the tribological performance of rectangular seals in automotive transmissions
Creators: name: Gronitzki, M.
name: Poll, G.W.G.
Publisher: name: London : SAGE Publications Ltd.
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Automotive transmission
subject: High temperature plastics
subject: Rectangular seals
subject: Actuators
subject: Carbonization
subject: Friction
subject: Optimization
subject: Polytetrafluoroethylenes
subject: Thermoplastics
subject: Tribology
subject: Wear of materials
subject: Automotive transmissions
subject: Thermomechanical deflections
subject: Seals
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau::621 | Angewandte Physik

description: Rectangular seals - a special type of face seals - are currently used in rotating connections of automatic automotive transmissions (double clutch transmissions, continuously variable transmissions, and 6-automated transmission) for the oil pressure supply of rotating control and actuator elements. Friction losses of several kilowatts can occur in the sealing system, causing a considerable reduction in efficiency. As a result of ongoing progress in power train design, sliding speeds and fluid pressures continue to increase. Therefore, due to friction related temperature rise in the sealing contact, extensive oil carbonization may occur. For both the reasons, developing friction optimized seals is crucial. For cost and design reasons grey cast iron rings are more and more substituted by modern, high temperature resistant thermoplastics. These materials also exhibit better friction and wear performance which can further be improved by adding polytetrafluorethylen or graphite. Because of their lower stiffness compared with metallic components, special thoughts have to be given to the design of thermoplastic rectangular seals. This paper describes how an improved geometry with optimized friction and wear performance was achieved by combining experimental investigations and numerical calculations on thermomechanical deflections. © IMechE 2007.
Organizational ecology: No Darwinian evolution after all. A Rejoinder to Lemos
Creators: name: Scholz, Markus
name: Reydon, Thomas A.C.
Publisher: name: London : SAGE Publications Ltd.
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Darwinism
subject: Evolution
subject: Organization theory
subject: Organizational ecology
subject: Organizational systematics
subject: Population ecology of organizations
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::300 | Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie, Anthropologie

description: In a recent article we argued that organizational ecology is not a Darwinian research program. John Lemos criticized our argumentation on various counts. Here we reply to some of Lemos's criticisms. © The Author(s) 2010.
title: Contextual Narratives in Archaeology: Reframing Human History through Sustainability
Creators: name: Bartolucci, Matteo
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2023

description: This thesis proposes a contextual approach to the elaboration of narratives in archaeology, suggesting to reframe the history of humanity via parameters of sustainability, negotiated together by experts and their broader public in terms of social and environmental well-being. My suggestion is a shift in perspectives about our past and present, away from the destructive discourses majorly responsible for the current ecosystem crisis. Therefore, the aim is to encourage meaningful alternatives and different paradigms favouring the radical actions required today to deal with this existential threat. To do so, I go through the deconstruction of familiar concepts of ‘progress’ and ‘heritage’ as well as acknowledging the role of archaeology into the making of such dominant narratives, in order to possibly lay the ground for a critically aware stance on true sustainability via the discipline.
Microscopic theory of singlet exciton fission. I. General formulation
Creators: name: Berkelbach, Timothy C.
name: Hybertsen, Mark S.
name: Reichman, David R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Singlet fission, a spin-allowed energy transfer process generating two triplet excitons from one singlet exciton, has the potential to dramatically increase the efficiency of organic solar cells. However, the dynamical mechanism of this phenomenon is not fully understood and a complete, microscopic theory of singlet fission is lacking. In this work, we assemble the components of a comprehensive microscopic theory of singlet fission that connects excited state quantum chemistry calculations with finite-temperature quantum relaxation theory. We elaborate on the distinction between localized diabatic and delocalized adiabatic bases for the interpretation of singlet fission experiments in both the time and frequency domains. We discuss various approximations to the exact density matrix dynamics and propose Redfield theory as an ideal compromise between speed and accuracy for the detailed investigation of singlet fission in dimers, clusters, and crystals. Investigations of small model systems based on parameters typical of singlet fission demonstrate the numerical accuracy and practical utility of this approach.
description: 16 pages, 5 figures
Computational approaches to alleviate alarm fatigue in intensive care medicine: A systematic literature review
Creators: name: Chromik, Jonas
name: Klopfenstein, Sophie Anne Ines
name: Pfitzner, Bjarne
name: Sinno, Zeena-Carola
name: Arnrich, Bert
name: Balzer, Felix
name: Poncette, Akira-Sebastian
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Alarm fatigue
subject: ICU
subject: IT system
subject: alarm management
subject: alarm optimisation
subject: critical care
subject: intensive care unit
subject: patient monitoring
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Patient monitoring technology has been used to guide therapy and alert staff when a vital sign leaves a predefined range in the intensive care unit (ICU) for decades. However, large amounts of technically false or clinically irrelevant alarms provoke alarm fatigue in staff leading to desensitisation towards critical alarms. With this systematic review, we are following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews (PRISMA) checklist in order to summarise scientific efforts that aimed to develop IT systems to reduce alarm fatigue in ICUs. 69 peer-reviewed publications were included. The majority of publications targeted the avoidance of technically false alarms, while the remainder focused on prediction of patient deterioration or alarm presentation. The investigated alarm types were mostly associated with heart rate or arrhythmia, followed by arterial blood pressure, oxygen saturation, and respiratory rate. Most publications focused on the development of software solutions, some on wearables, smartphones, or headmounted displays for delivering alarms to staff. The most commonly used statistical models were tree-based. In conclusion, we found strong evidence that alarm fatigue can be alleviated by IT-based solutions. However, future efforts should focus more on the avoidance of clinically non-actionable alarms which could be accelerated by improving the data availability.
Influence of the grain size on the in vivo degradation behaviour of the magnesium alloy LAE442
Creators: name: Ullmann, Berit
name: Reifenrath, Janin
name: Seitz, Jan-Martin
name: Bormann, Dirk
name: Meyer-Lindenberg, Andrea
Publisher: name: London : SAGE Publications Ltd.
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Biodegradable
subject: Grain size
subject: In vivo
subject: Magnesium
subject: Damaged surfaces
subject: Energy dispersive x-ray
subject: Implant materials
subject: In-vivo
subject: In-vivo corrosion
subject: Initial stabilities
subject: Surface damages
subject: Corrosion rate
subject: Magnesium alloys
subject: Radiology
subject: Scanning electron microscopy
subject: Surfaces
subject: X ray analysis
subject: Corrosion
subject: Energy dispersive X ray analysis
subject: Grain size and shape
subject: alloy
subject: magnesium
subject: animal
subject: article
subject: biodegradable implant
subject: bone nail
subject: bone prosthesis
subject: chemistry
subject: materials testing
subject: metabolism
subject: rabbit
subject: radiography
subject: surface property
subject: tibia
subject: Absorbable Implants
subject: Alloys
subject: Animals
subject: Bone Nails
subject: Bone Substitutes
subject: Materials Testing
subject: Rabbits
subject: Surface Properties
subject: Tibia
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::610 | Medizin, Gesundheit

description: The aim of this study was to investigate the differences in the in vivo degradation behaviour of magnesium implants with various grain sizes and damaged surfaces. For this purpose, three different LAE442 magnesium implants were produced: cast, single and double extruded implants, in order to obtain different grain sizes. Furthermore, defects were positioned on the surfaces of some of the single extruded implants. The initial stability was determined. Four pins of each implant material were implanted into rabbits' tibiae and regularly clinically, radiologically and μ-computed tomographically investigated over a period of 27 weeks. Following explantation, investigations were carried out using stereo and scanning electron microscopy including energy-dispersive X-ray analyses. Weight and strength changes were measured. The double extruded implants possessing the finest grains exhibited the highest initial stability (179.18 N). These implants demonstrated the lowest in vivo corrosion rates (0.0134 mm/year) and the least radiologically visible changes. The highest corrosion rate was computed for the implants possessing damaged surfaces. Radiologically discernible bone changes occurred at almost the same time as implant changes for all groups. Based on these results, the aim should be to produce fine-grained magnesium-based alloys for resorbable implants and to avoid any surface damage. © IMechE 2013.
Ad fontes: Borys Jakubs’kyj’s Nauka virshuvannia and Formation of the Ukrainian Science of Verse
Creators: name: Ustinov, Andrei
name: Babak, Galina
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: verse theory
subject: science of versification
subject: Ukrainian poetry
subject: literary criticism in Ukraine
subject: East Slavic Formalism
subject: Borys Jakubs’kyj
subject: Boris Tomashevskij
subject: Tomashevshky
subject: 800 Literatur::890 Andere Literaturen::891 Ostindoeuropäische, keltische Literaturen

description: The essay describes an arduous process of formation of verse studies in Ukraine in the early 1920s. Borys Jakubs’kyj’s book Nauka virshuvannia [The Science of Versification] published in Kyiv in 1922 served as the first harbinger of a new Ukrainian theory of verse. In developing his science of versification Jakubs’kyj relied on the instrumentarium of the proponents of the Formalist method in literary studies who belonged to the Petrograd Society for the Study of the Poetic Language, known as OPOJAZ, and primarily on the concepts developed by Boris Tomashevskij who pretty much singlehandedly established the OPOJAZ approach to verse theory. After the publication of Jakubs’kyj’s book Tomashevskij also wrote a succinct review in which he expressed the wish to see it translated into Russian (which never happened).
Radiative Transfer in Star Formation: Testing FLD and Hybrid Methods
Creators: name: Owen, James E.
name: Ercolano, Barbara
name: Clarke, Cathie J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform a comparison between two radiative transfer algorithms commonly employed in hydrodynamical calculations of star formation: grey flux limited diffusion and the hybrid scheme, in addition we compare these algorithms to results from the Monte-Carlo radiative transfer code MOCASSIN. In disc like density structures the hybrid scheme performs significantly better than the FLD method in the optically thin regions, with comparable results in optically thick regions. In the case of a forming high mass star we find the FLD method significantly underestimates the radiation pressure by a factor of ~100.
description: 4 Pages; to appear in the proceedings of 'The Labyrinth of Star Formation', Crete, 18-22 June 2012
Large-scale Monte Carlo simulation of two-dimensional classical XY model using multiple GPUs
Creators: name: Komura, Yukihiro
name: Okabe, Yutaka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the two-dimensional classical XY model by the large-scale Monte Carlo simulation of the Swendsen-Wang multi-cluster algorithm using multiple GPUs on the open science supercomputer TSUBAME 2.0. Simulating systems up to the linear system size L=65536, we investigate the Kosterlitz-Thouless (KT) transition. Using the generalized version of the probability-changing cluster algorithm based on the helicity modulus, we locate the KT transition temperature in a self-adapted way. The obtained inverse KT temperature β_{KT} is 1.11996(6). We estimate the exponent to specify the multiplicative logarithmic correction, -2r, and precisely reproduce the theoretical prediction -2r=1/8.
Sources of stochasticity in constitutive and autoregulated gene expression
Creators: name: Marathe, Rahul
name: Gomez, David
name: Klumpp, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gene expression is inherently noisy as many steps in the read-out of the genetic information are stochastic. To disentangle the effect of different sources of stochasticity in such systems, we consider various models that describe some processes as stochastic and others as deterministic. We review earlier results for unregulated (constitutive) gene expression and present new results for a gene controlled by negative autoregulation with cell growth modeled by linear volume growth.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures, physica scripta in press (2012)
In silico capture and activation of methane with light atom molecules
Creators: name: Mebs, Stefan
name: Beckmann, Jens
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: methane
subject: In silico capture
subject: activation
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften

description: Methane (CH4) can be captured in silico with a light atom molecule containing only C, H, Si, O, and B atoms, respectively. A tripodal peri-substituted ligand system was employed, namely, [(5-Ph2B-xan-4-)3Si]H (1, xan = xanthene), which after hydride abstraction (1+) carries four Lewis acidic sites within the cationic cage structure. In a previous study, this system was shown to be able to capture noble gas atoms He–Kr (Mebs & Beckmann 2022). In the corresponding methane complex, 1+CH4, a polarized Si+⋯CH4 contact of 2.289 Å as well as series of (H3)CH⋯O/CPh hydrogen bonds enforce spatial CH4 fixation (the molecule obeys C3-symmetry) and slight activation. A trigonal-pyramidal Si–CHeq3–Hax local geometry is thereby approached with Hax–C–Heq angles decreased to 103.7°. All attempts to replace the Lews acidic –BPh2 fragments in 1 with basic –PR2 (R = Ph, tBu) fragments indeed increased intra-molecular hydrogen bonding between host molecule and CH4, and thus caused stronger activation of the latter, however ultimately resulted in the formation of energetically favorable quenched structures with short P–Si contacts, making CH4 binding hard to achieve. The electronic situation of two hypothetic methane complexes, 1+CH4 and [(5-tBu2P-xan-4-)3SiCH4]+ (2+CH4), was determined by a set of calculated real-space bonding indicators (RSBIs) including the Atoms-In-Molecules (AIM), non-covalent interactions index (NCI), and electron localizability indicator (ELI-D) methods, highlighting crucial differences in the level of activation. The proposed ligand systems serve as blueprints for a more general structural design with adjustable trigonal ligand systems in which central atom, spacer fragment, and functional peri-partner can be varied to facilitate different chemical tasks.
Microscopic theory of singlet exciton fission. II. Application to pentacene dimers and the role of superexchange
Creators: name: Berkelbach, Timothy C.
name: Hybertsen, Mark S.
name: Reichman, David R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the preceding paper, we assembled the theoretical components necessary for a unified framework of singlet fission, a type of multiexciton generation producing two triplet excitons from one singlet exciton. In this paper, we apply our methodology to molecular dimers of pentacene, a widely studied material that exhibits singlet fission. We address a longstanding theoretical issue, namely whether singlet fission proceeds via two sequential electron transfer steps mediated by a charge-transfer state or via a direct two-electron transfer process. We find evidence for a superexchange mediated mechanism, whereby the fission process proceeds through virtual charge-transfer states which may be very high in energy. In particular, this mechanism predicts efficient singlet fission on the sub-picosecond timescale, in reasonable agreement with experiment. We investigate the role played by molecular vibrations in mediating relaxation and decoherence, finding that different physically reasonable forms for the bath relaxation function give similar results. We also examine the competing direct coupling mechanism and find it to yield fission rates slower in comparison with the superexchange mechanism for the dimer. We discuss implications for crystalline pentacene, including the limitations of the dimer model.
description: 11 pages, 12 figures