Solanum habrochaites subsp. chemotypes S. Knapp & D. M. Spooner
Creators: name: Wang, Fumin
name: Park, Yong-Lak
name: Gutensohn, Michael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Solanales
Solanaceae
Solanum
Solanum habrochaites

description: 2.3. Sesquiterpenes of two S. habrochaites chemotypes affect aphid
feeding behavior
To characterize the potential effect of glandular trichome derived terpenes from different S. habrochaites chemotypes on M. euphorbiae in more detail we performed feeding assays. M. euphorbiae apterae were allowed to feed on an artificial diet to which aliquots of terpene containing leaf dip extracts from individual S. habrochaites accessions or S. lycopersicum c.v. M82 had been added. The survivorship of M. euphorbiae on these diets was determined, as well as the investment of gel saliva and the production of honeydew which serve as indicators of the aphid feeding behavior. A set of control experiments demonstrated that addition of methyl tert -butyl ether (MTBE), the solvent used for leaf dip extracts, as well as extracts from S. lycopersicum c.v. M82 to the feeding diet affected neither the survivorship of aphids (Fig. 2A) nor the accumulation of gel saliva (Fig. 2B) and honeydew drops (Fig. 2C) compared to pure feeding diet without added solvent or extracts. Addition of terpene containing leaf dip extracts from accessions of the S. habrochaites chemotypes 1, 2, and 3 to the diet did not appear to affect M. euphorbiae apterae as their survivorship (Supplemental Fig. S1A) and feeding behavior measured by gel saliva investment and honeydew production (Supplemental Fig. S1B and C, respectively) were not significantly different compared to the performance of aphids feeding on a diet containing extracts from S. lycopersicum c.v. M82. In contrast, the performance of M. euphorbiae was severely affected when they were feeding on diets with added leaf dip extracts from the S. habrochaites chemotypes 4 and 5. The survivorship of aphids (Fig. 2A) on diets with the sesquiterpene blend extracted from accessions LA1775 and LA1779, as well as with the β- caryophyllene and α- humulene containing extracts from accessions LA1624 and LA2860 was significantly reduced compared to that of aphids feeding on diets with S. lycopersicum c.v. M82 derived extracts. Likewise, the investment of gel saliva and the production of honeydew by M. euphorbiae was significantly lower on diets with added extracts from S. habrochaites chemotypes 4 and 5 compared to the S. lycopersicum c.v. M82 control (Fig. 2B and C). The results of these feeding assays further confirmed the outcome of the previous non-choice assays and suggest that the sesquiterpenes produced in glandular trichomes of S. habrochaites chemotype 4 and 5 exhibit both antibiosis and antixenosis thus considerably affecting the performance of M. euphorbiae and altering their feeding behavior.
description: Published as part of Wang, Fumin, Park, Yong-Lak & Gutensohn, Michael, 2020, Glandular trichome-derived sesquiterpenes of wild tomato accessions (Solanum habrochaites) affect aphid performance and feeding behavior, pp. 1-11 in Phytochemistry (112532) (112532) 180 on page 3, DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2020.112532, http://zenodo.org/record/8292694