cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The distribution of large quadratic character sums and applications
Creators: name: Lamzouri, Youness
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we investigate the distribution of the maximum of character sums over the family of primitive quadratic characters attached to fundamental discriminants $|d|\leq x$. In particular, our work improves results of Montgomery and Vaughan, and gives strong evidence that the Omega result of Bateman and Chowla for quadratic character sums is optimal. We also obtain similar results for real characters with prime discriminants up to $x$, and deduce the interesting consequence that almost all primes with large Legendre symbol sums are congruent to $3$ modulo $4$. Our results are motivated by a recent work of Bober, Goldmakher, Granville and Koukoulopoulos, who proved similar results for the family of non-principal characters modulo a large prime. However, their method does not seem to generalize to other families of Dirichlet characters. Instead, we use a different and more streamlined approach, which relies mainly on the quadratic large sieve. As an application, we consider a question of Montgomery concerning the positivity of sums of Legendre symbols.
description: Minor modifications. To appear in Algebra and Number Theory
Analysis of slope movements dynamics in Czech Republic
Creators: name: Lemenkova, Polina
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Geography
subject: 40699 Physical Geography and Environmental Geoscience not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Physical Geography

description: Research Proposal for the Visegrad Scholarship at Charles University in Prague. Region of Interest: Bohemian Massif, Western Carpathians and Sudetes. Research aims: 1) Geomorphological modelling and mapping of highlands 2) Analysis of slope movements dynamic. Analysis of the slope movements dynamics in Czech Republic: comparison of the Bohemian Massif, Western Carpathians and Sudetes. Studies of slope movements characteristics and particularities in the Bohemian Massif (incl. creeps, slides, flows, steepness in slopes etc) comparing to other European mountains. Analysis of risk of the slope movement and mudslides in the Bohemian Massif. Using cartographic materials, available results of field expeditions of the research group, aerial photographs and satellite images, we plan to demonstrate the area in the Bohemian Massif most affected by landslides (Map of slope movements in the Western Carpathians, Sudetes and Bohemian Massif). Analysis of the global climate change on the mountainous region: movement of landmasses, using satellite images and geological field data for different dates.
Skew cyclic codes over $\mathbb{Z}_4+v\mathbb{Z}_4$ with derivation: structural properties and computational results
Creators: name: Suprijanto, Djoko
name: Tang, Hopein Christofen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 94B05, 94B15, 11T71

description: In this work, we study a class of skew cyclic codes over the ring $R:=\mathbb{Z}_4+v\mathbb{Z}_4,$ where $v^2=v,$ with an automorphism $θ$ and a derivation $Δ_θ,$ namely codes as modules over a skew polynomial ring $R[x;θ,Δ_θ],$ whose multiplication is defined using an automorphism $θ$ and a derivation $Δ_θ.$ We investigate the structures of a skew polynomial ring $R[x;θ,Δ_θ].$ We define $Δ_θ$-cyclic codes as a generalization of the notion of cyclic codes. The properties of $Δ_θ$-cyclic codes as well as dual $Δ_θ$-cyclic codes are derived. As an application, some new linear codes over $\mathbb{Z}_4$ with good parameters are obtained by Plotkin sum construction, also via a Gray map as well as residue and torsion codes of these codes.
description: 25 pages, Communications in Combinatorics and Optimization (accepted)
Geostatistical Analysis in GIS: Fuzzy Logic, Databases, Interpolation, Topographical Modelling, Map Projections, GPS, Data Types and Map Accuracy.
Creators: name: Lemenkova, Polina
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 90901 Cartography
subject: FOS: Environmental engineering

description: Exercises for the 'Advanced GIS' Module of the MSc Coursework GEM, Lund University, Sweden
MOESM2 of The impact of environmental cadmium exposure on type 2 diabetes risk: a protocol for an overview of systematic reviews
Creators: name: Hildebrand, Julia
name: Thakar, Swarni
name: Watts, Tonya-Leah
name: Banfield, Laura
name: Thabane, Lehana
name: Macri, Joseph
name: Hill, Stephen
name: Samaan, M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2. Modified AMSTAR-2 tool. This file contains a modified version of the AMSTAR-2 tool, as well as a list of the modifications made by the authors to the original tool.
Deep Ordinal Hashing with Spatial Attention
Creators: name: Jin, Lu
name: Shu, Xiangbo
name: Li, Kai
name: Li, Zechao
name: Qi, Guo-Jun
name: Tang, Jinhui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Hashing has attracted increasing research attentions in recent years due to its high efficiency of computation and storage in image retrieval. Recent works have demonstrated the superiority of simultaneous feature representations and hash functions learning with deep neural networks. However, most existing deep hashing methods directly learn the hash functions by encoding the global semantic information, while ignoring the local spatial information of images. The loss of local spatial structure makes the performance bottleneck of hash functions, therefore limiting its application for accurate similarity retrieval. In this work, we propose a novel Deep Ordinal Hashing (DOH) method, which learns ordinal representations by leveraging the ranking structure of feature space from both local and global views. In particular, to effectively build the ranking structure, we propose to learn the rank correlation space by exploiting the local spatial information from Fully Convolutional Network (FCN) and the global semantic information from the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) simultaneously. More specifically, an effective spatial attention model is designed to capture the local spatial information by selectively learning well-specified locations closely related to target objects. In such hashing framework,the local spatial and global semantic nature of images are captured in an end-to-end ranking-to-hashing manner. Experimental results conducted on three widely-used datasets demonstrate that the proposed DOH method significantly outperforms the state-of-the-art hashing methods.
Nonfractional Memory: Filtering, Antipersistence, and Forecasting
Creators: name: Vera-Valdés, J. Eduardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Econometrics (econ.EM)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: The fractional difference operator remains to be the most popular mechanism to generate long memory due to the existence of efficient algorithms for their simulation and forecasting. Nonetheless, there is no theoretical argument linking the fractional difference operator with the presence of long memory in real data. In this regard, one of the most predominant theoretical explanations for the presence of long memory is cross-sectional aggregation of persistent micro units. Yet, the type of processes obtained by cross-sectional aggregation differs from the one due to fractional differencing. Thus, this paper develops fast algorithms to generate and forecast long memory by cross-sectional aggregation. Moreover, it is shown that the antipersistent phenomenon that arises for negative degrees of memory in the fractional difference literature is not present for cross-sectionally aggregated processes. Pointedly, while the autocorrelations for the fractional difference operator are negative for negative degrees of memory by construction, this restriction does not apply to the cross-sectional aggregated scheme. We show that this has implications for long memory tests in the frequency domain, which will be misspecified for cross-sectionally aggregated processes with negative degrees of memory. Finally, we assess the forecast performance of high-order $AR$ and $ARFIMA$ models when the long memory series are generated by cross-sectional aggregation. Our results are of interest to practitioners developing forecasts of long memory variables like inflation, volatility, and climate data, where aggregation may be the source of long memory.
TargetCall: Eliminating the Wasted Computation in Basecalling via Pre-Basecalling Filtering
Creators: name: Cavlak, Meryem Banu
name: Singh, Gagandeep
name: Alser, Mohammed
name: Firtina, Can
name: Lindegger, Joël
name: Sadrosadati, Mohammad
name: Ghiasi, Nika Mansouri
name: Alkan, Can
name: Mutlu, Onur
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genomics (q-bio.GN)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Basecalling is an essential step in nanopore sequencing analysis where the raw signals of nanopore sequencers are converted into nucleotide sequences, i.e., reads. State-of-the-art basecallers employ complex deep learning models to achieve high basecalling accuracy. This makes basecalling computationally inefficient and memory-hungry, bottlenecking the entire genome analysis pipeline. However, for many applications, the majority of reads do no match the reference genome of interest (i.e., target reference) and thus are discarded in later steps in the genomics pipeline, wasting the basecalling computation. To overcome this issue, we propose TargetCall, the first pre-basecalling filter to eliminate the wasted computation in basecalling. TargetCall's key idea is to discard reads that will not match the target reference (i.e., off-target reads) prior to basecalling. TargetCall consists of two main components: (1) LightCall, a lightweight neural network basecaller that produces noisy reads; and (2) Similarity Check, which labels each of these noisy reads as on-target or off-target by matching them to the target reference. Our thorough experimental evaluations show that TargetCall 1) improves the end-to-end basecalling runtime performance of the state-of-the-art basecaller by 3.31x while maintaining high (98.88%) recall in keeping on-target reads, 2) maintains high accuracy in downstream analysis, and 3) achieves better runtime performance, throughput, recall, precision, and generality compared to prior works. TargetCall is available at https://github.com/CMU-SAFARI/TargetCall.
Evaluating Fuzz Testing
Creators: name: Klees, George
name: Ruef, Andrew
name: Cooper, Benji
name: Wei, Shiyi
name: Hicks, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Fuzz testing has enjoyed great success at discovering security critical bugs in real software. Recently, researchers have devoted significant effort to devising new fuzzing techniques, strategies, and algorithms. Such new ideas are primarily evaluated experimentally so an important question is: What experimental setup is needed to produce trustworthy results? We surveyed the recent research literature and assessed the experimental evaluations carried out by 32 fuzzing papers. We found problems in every evaluation we considered. We then performed our own extensive experimental evaluation using an existing fuzzer. Our results showed that the general problems we found in existing experimental evaluations can indeed translate to actual wrong or misleading assessments. We conclude with some guidelines that we hope will help improve experimental evaluations of fuzz testing algorithms, making reported results more robust.
Critical Reading
Creators: name: Lemenkova, Polina
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 160401 Economic Geography
subject: FOS: Social and economic geography
subject: Geography
subject: 160403 Social and Cultural Geography
subject: 160499 Human Geography not elsewhere classified

description: Practical Student Work for the Course 'Research Skills' GEM MSc Course 2009/11.
Capacity Bounds under Imperfect Polarization Tracking
Creators: name: Farsi, Mohammad
name: Karlsson, Magnus
name: Agrell, Erik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: In optical fiber communication, due to the random variation of the environment, the state of polarization (SOP) fluctuates randomly with time leading to distortion and performance degradation. The memory-less SOP fluctuations can be regarded as a two-by-two random unitary matrix. In this paper, for what we believe to be the first time, the capacity of the polarization drift channel under an average power constraint with imperfect channel knowledge is characterized. An achievable information rate (AIR) is derived when imperfect channel knowledge is available and is shown to be highly dependent on the channel estimation technique. It is also shown that a tighter lower bound can be achieved when a unitary estimation of the channel is available. However, the conventional estimation algorithms do not guarantee a unitary channel estimation. Therefore, by considering the unitary constraint of the channel, a data-aided channel estimator based on the Kabsch algorithm is proposed, and its performance is numerically evaluated in terms of AIR. Monte Carlo simulations show that Kabsch outperforms the least-square error algorithm. In particular, with complex, Gaussian inputs and eight pilot symbols per block, Kabsch improves the AIR by 0:2 to 0:35 bits/symbol throughout the range of studied signal-to-noise ratios.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
MOESM1 of DNMT1 recruited by EZH2-mediated silencing of miR-484 contributes to the malignancy of cervical cancer cells through MMP14 and HNF1A
Creators: name: Hu, Yang
name: Wu, Fuxia
name: Liu, Yankun
name: Zhao, Qian
name: Tang, Hua
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Construction of the pGL3-miR-484-luc vector. Figure S2. Screening for the potential enzyme responsible for the hypermethylation of the miR-484 promoter. Figure S3. Primary RT-qPCR test of the targets of miR-484. Table S1. The primers and oligonucleotides used in this work.
Reduced order derivation of the two-dimensional band structure of a mixed-mode resonator array
Creators: name: Amirkhizi, Alireza V.
name: Wang, Weidi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, the 2D band structure of a mixed-mode metamaterial resonator array for in-plane waves is investigated. The band structure in the interior and on the boundary of the irreducible Brillouin zone as well as 1D dispersion diagrams for different propagation angles are calculated numerically and presented. Additionally, a reduced order analytical method is established to compare and approximate the band structure. The studied metamaterial, with a T-shaped cantilever beam as resonator in its square array repeating unit cells, exhibits branches with mixed P and SV waves except at exactly one angle of propagation. This paper also reports on the occurrence of avoided level crossings, which are related to the existence of exceptional points in the complex domain. A reduced order analytical approach is used that can generate partial (low branches) band structure with relatively little computational effort. The reduced order model agrees well with the numerical results for these low branches and can provide support in mode identification and band sorting. With proper adjustments in parameters, this analytical method will be applicable for other metamaterials that have similar unit cell structure.
On the reality of the quantum state once again: A no-go theorem for $ψ$-ontic models
Creators: name: Carcassi, Gabriele
name: Oldofredi, Andrea
name: Aidala, Christine A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we show that $ψ$-ontic models, as defined by Harrigan and Spekkens (HS), cannot reproduce quantum theory. Instead of focusing on probability, we use information theoretic considerations to show that all pure states of $ψ$-ontic models must be orthogonal to each other, in clear violation of quantum mechanics. Given that (i) Pusey, Barrett and Rudolph (PBR) previously showed that $ψ$-epistemic models, as defined by HS, also contradict quantum mechanics, and (ii) the HS categorization is exhausted by these two types of models, we conclude that the HS categorization itself is problematic as it leaves no space for models that can reproduce quantum theory.
description: 6 pages + 1 page mathematical appendix, 2 figures. Accepted by Foundations of Physics
Two-Temperature GRRMHD Simulations of M87
Creators: name: Ryan, Benjamin R.
name: Ressler, Sean M.
name: Dolence, Joshua C.
name: Gammie, Charles F.
name: Quataert, Eliot
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present axisymmetric two-temperature general relativistic radiation magnetohydrodynamic (GRRMHD) simulations of the inner region of the accretion flow onto the supermassive black hole M87. We address uncertainties from previous modeling efforts through inclusion of models for (1) self-consistent dissipative and Coulomb electron heating (2) radiation transport (3) frequency-dependent synchrotron emission, self-absorption, and Compton scattering. We adopt a distance $D=16.7$ Mpc, an observer angle $θ= 20^{\circ}$, and consider black hole masses $M/M_{\odot} = (3.3\times10^{9}, 6.2\times10^{9})$ and spins $a_{\star} = (0.5, 0.9375)$ in a four-simulation suite. For each $(M, a_{\star})$, we identify the accretion rate that recovers the 230 GHz flux from VLBI measurements. We report on disk thermodynamics at these accretion rates ($\dot{M}/\dot{M}_{\mathrm{Edd}} \sim 10^{-5}$). The disk remains geometrically thick; cooling does not lead to a thin disk component. While electron heating is dominated by Coulomb rather than dissipation for $r \gtrsim 10 GM/c^2$, the accretion disk remains two-temperature. Radiative cooling of electrons is not negligible, especially for $r \lesssim 10 GM/c^2$. The Compton $y$ parameter is of order unity. We then compare derived and observed or inferred spectra, mm images, and jet powers. Simulations with $M/M_{\odot} = 3.3\times10^{9}$ are in conflict with observations. These simulations produce mm images that are too small, while the low-spin simulation also overproduces X-rays. For $M/M_{\odot} = 6.2\times10^{9}$, both simulations agree with constraints on radio/IR/X-ray fluxes and mm image sizes. Simulation jet power is a factor $10^2-10^3$ below inferred values, a possible consequence of the modest net magnetic flux in our models.
description: 17 pages, 8 figures; Fig. 7 corrected, LA-UR number added
Tunable THz-whistle built on two-dimensional Helmholtz resonator
Creators: name: Cheremisin, M. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose the turnable THz generator built on two-dimensional analog of conventional Helmholtz resonator. The generator excitation is provided by current flow similar to whistle in conventional hydrodynamics. The output frequency, hydrodynamic parameters and practical realization of THz-whistle are discussed regarding the possible applications.
description: 4/4
The Foldy-Wouthuysen transformation
Creators: name: Costella, John P.
name: McKellar, Bruce H. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Foldy-Wouthuysen transformation of the Dirac Hamiltonian is generally taught as simply a mathematical trick that allows one to obtain a two-component theory in the low-energy limit. It is not often emphasized that the transformed representation is the only one in which one can take a meaningful *classical limit*, in terms of particles and antiparticles. We briefly review the history and physics of this transformation.
description: Standard LaTeX, 6 pages
MOESM1 of Comparative transcriptomics reveals PrrAB-mediated control of metabolic, respiration, energy-generating, and dormancy pathways in Mycobacterium smegmatis
Creators: name: Maarsingh, Jason
name: Yang, Shanshan
name: Park, Jin
name: Haydel, Shelley
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Supplemental figures.
On soft gluon effects in deep-inelastic structure functions
Creators: name: Vogt, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The behaviour of the quark coefficient functions in deep-inelastic scattering is investigated for large values of the Bjorken variable x. By combining results of soft-gluon resummation and fixed-order calculations, we determine the coefficients of the four leading large-x logarithms, alpha_s^k [{ln(1-x)}^{2k-l}/(1-x)]_+, l = 1, ...4, to all orders in the strong coupling constant alpha_s. This result includes two more terms for the three-loop coefficient functions than previously specified in the literature. The effect of the fifth logarithmic contribution is approximately evaluated. The terms derived here are required, but also seem to be sufficient, for a reliable representation of the coefficient functions at large x.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures, misprints in third line of eq. (15) corrected
Superradiant coupling effects in transition-metal dichalcogenides
Creators: name: Stevens, C. E.
name: Stroucken, T.
name: Stier, A. V.
name: Paul, J.
name: Zhang, H.
name: Dey, P.
name: Crooker, S. A.
name: Koch, S. W.
name: Karaiskaj, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cooperative effects allow for fascinating characteristics in light-matter interacting systems. Here, we study naturally occurring superradiant coupling in a class of quasi-two-dimensional, layered semiconductor systems. We perform optical absorption experiments of the lowest exciton for transition-metal dichalcogenides with different numbers of atomic layers. We examine two representative materials, MoSe$_2$ and WSe$_2$, using incoherent broadband white light. The measured transmission at the A exciton resonance does not saturate for optically thick samples consisting of hundreds of atomic layers, and the transmission varies nonmonotonously with the layer number. A self-consistent microscopic calculation reproduces the experimental observations, clearly identifying superradiant coupling effects as the origin of this unexpected behavior.
description: [2018 Optical Society of America]. Users may use, reuse, and build upon the article, or use the article for text or data mining, so long as such uses are for non-commercial purposes and appropriate attribution is maintained. All other rights are reserved
Application of a Keggin-type heteropoly acid on supporting nanoparticles in.pdf
Creators: name: Taghavi, Mahmoud
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Environmental Science
subject: 50205 Environmental Management
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Phosphotungstic acid nanophotocatalysts supported by TiO2 and ZnO nanoparticles were synthesized, and the surface morphology, phase analysis and crystal structure, surface structure of nanophotocatalysts were assessed. Accordingly, aniline was selected as an organic pollutant to study photocatalytic activity of the synthesized nanophotocatalysts. Based on the results, the degradation efﬁciency was above 70% for both nanophotocatalysts in the presence of hydrogen peroxide. Furthermore, the results of photo-catalytic degradation of aniline using synthesized nanophotocatalysts were well ﬁtted to the Langmuir-Hinshelwood model. The hydroxyl radicals and holes were regarded as the most oxidant species in degrading aniline using synthesized nanophotocatalysts. Finally, the results indicated that synthesized nanophotocatalysts could be considered appropriate photocatalysts in removing organic pollutant from aqueous solutions.
Classical Aspects of the Abelian Higgs Model on the Light Front
Creators: name: Itakura, K.
name: Maedan, S.
name: Tachibana, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate canonical structure of the Abelian Higgs model within the framework of DLCQ. Careful boundary analysis of differential equations, such as the Euler-Lagrange equations, leads us to a novel situation where the canonical structure changes in a drastic manner depending on whether the (light-front) spatial Wilson line is periodic or not. In the former case, the gauge-field ZM takes discrete values and we obtain the so-called ``Zero-Mode Constraints'' (ZMCs), whose semiclassical solutions give a nonzero vev to the scalar fields. Contrary, in the latter case, we have no ZMC and the scalar ZMs remain dynamical as well as the gauge-field ZM. In order to give classically nonzero vev to the scalar field, we work in a background field which minimizes the light-front energy.
description: 10 pages, reference modified
Nesting actors and organizations into a biophysical multi level monitoring framework for a sustainable circular economy
Creators: name: Wiedenhofer, Dominik
name: Pauliuk, Stefan
name: Mayer, Andreas
name: Virag, Doris
name: Haas, Willi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: Presentation on "Nesting actors and organizations into a biophysical multi level monitoring framework for a sustainable circular economy" given at ISIE SEM 13th of May 2019.
Sharp Sobolev and Adams-Trudinger-Moser embeddings on weighted Sobolev spaces and their applications
Creators: name: Ó, João Marcos do
name: Lu, Guozhen
name: Ponciano, Raoní
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We derive sharp Sobolev embeddings on a class of Sobolev spaces with potential weights without assuming any boundary conditions. Moreover, we consider the Adams-type inequalities for the borderline Sobolev embedding into the exponential class with a sharp constant. As applications, we prove that the associated elliptic equations with nonlinearities in both forms of polynomial and exponential growths admit nontrivial solutions.
The High Resolution IRAS Galaxy Atlas
Creators: name: Cao, Yu
name: Terebey, Susan
name: Prince, Thomas A.
name: Beichman, Charles A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An atlas of the Galactic plane (-4.7 deg < b < 4.7 deg) plus the molecular clouds in Orion, Rho Oph, and Taurus-Auriga has been produced at 60 and 100 micron from IRAS data. The Atlas consists of resolution-enhanced coadded images having 1 arcmin -- 2 arcmin resolution as well as coadded images at the native IRAS resolution. The IRAS Galaxy Atlas, together with the DRAO HI line / 21 cm continuum and FCRAO CO (1-0) line Galactic plane surveys, both with similar (approx. 1 arcmin) resolution, provide a powerful venue for studying the interstellar medium, star formation and large scale structure in our Galaxy. This paper documents the production and characteristics of the Atlas.
description: To appear in Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. Replaced June 2, 1997. Text unchanged. Missing tables added. Wrong figure sequence corrected. The Atlas images can now be accessed on line at http://crystal.ipac.caltech.edu:8001/applications/IGA/
Laboratory characterization of SLS-based infrared detectors for precision photometry
Creators: name: Peterson-Greenberg, Aaron
name: Pavel, Michael D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Strained layer superlattice (SLS) detectors are a new class of infrared detectors available in the scientific and commercial markets. The photosensitive bandpass is set by material and engineered properties with typical detectors covering 7.5- 10.5 microns, bluer than traditional N-band filters. SLS detectors have the potential to reach lower dark current than traditional infrared materials (like HgCdTe) allowing comparable photometric sensitivity at higher detector temperatures, easing cooling requirements. Conversely, at equal cryogenic temperatures the SLS detector will have lower dark current than HgCdTe allowing better photometric sensitivity under dark current limited operation. This work presents laboratory measurements of SLS detectors to quantify detector linearity and time stability. The potential advantages in using SLS- based detectors in future astronomical instruments is also discussed.
description: SPIE Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation, 2018, Austin, Texas, USA; Proc. SPIE 10709
Possible Implications of the Atmospheric, the Bugey, and the Los Alamos Neutrino Experiments
Creators: name: Minakata, Hisakazu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A combined analysis of the terrestrial neutrino experiments and the Kamiokande observation of atmospheric neutrino anomaly is performed under the assumption of the existence of dark-matter-mass neutrinos, as suggested by the recent Los Alamos experiment. In the three-flavor mixing scheme of neutrinos it is shown that the constraints from these experiments are so strong that the patterns of mass hierarchy and flavor mixing of neutrinos are determined almost uniquely depending upon the interpretation of the atmospheric neutrino anomaly.
description: 12 pages, REVTeX, no figures, slightly revised with no change in conclusion
The transport phenomenon of inertia Brownian particles in a periodic potential with non-Gaussian noise
Creators: name: Wang, Bing
name: Zhang, Xiaoxiao
name: Sun, Yajuan
name: Qu, Zhongwei
name: Li, Xuechao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The transport phenomenon (movement and diffusion) of inertia Brownian particles in a periodic potential with non-Gaussian noise is investigated. It is found that proper noise intensity Q will promote particles directional movement(or diffusion), but large Q will inhibit this phenomenon. For large value of Q, the average velocity V (or the diffusion coefficient D) has a maximum with increasing correlation time tau. But for small value of Q, V (or D) decreases with increasing tau. In some cases, for the same value of Q and the same value of tau, non-Gaussian noise can induce particles directional movement(or diffusion), but Gaussian colored noise can not.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures
Physics and chemistry-based constitutive framework for thermo-chemically aged elastomer using phase-field approach
Creators: name: Najmeddine, Aimane
name: Shakiba, Maryam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a physics and chemistry-based constitutive framework to predict the stress responses of thermo-chemically aged elastomers and capture their brittle failure using the phase-field approach. High-temperature aging in the presence of oxygen causes the macromolecular network of elastomers to undergo complex chemical reactions inducing two main mechanisms: chain-scission and crosslinking. Chemical crosslinking contributes to the stiffening behavior characterizing the brittle response of aged elastomers. In this work, we first modify the Helmholtz free energy to incorporate the effect of thermo-chemically-driven crosslinking processes. Then, we equip the constitutive description with phase-field to capture the induced brittle failure via a strain-based criterion for fracture. We show that our proposed framework is self-contained and requires only four main material properties whose evolution due to thermo-chemical aging is characterized entirely by the change of the crosslink density obtained based on chemical characterization experiments. The developed constitutive framework is first solved analytically for the case of uniaxial tension in a homogeneous bar to highlight the interconnection between all four material properties. Then, the framework is numerically implemented within a finite element (FE) context via a user-element subroutine (UEL) in the commercial FE software Abaqus to simulate more complicated geometries and loading states. The framework is finally validated with respect to a set of experimental results available in the literature. The comparison confirms that the proposed constitutive framework can accurately predict the mechanical response of thermo-chemically aged elastomers. Further numerical examples are provided to demonstrate the effects of evolving material properties on the response of specimens containing pre-existing cracks.
Stability of Multiquark Systems
Creators: name: Stancu, Fl.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We give a brief review of developments in the field of exotic hadrons formed of more than three quarks and/or antiquarks. In particular we discuss the stability of multiquark systems containing heavy flavours. We show that the gluon exchange model and the chiral constituent quark model based on Goldstone boson (pseudoscalar meson) exchange give entirely different results.
description: 10 pages, aipproc.sty. Talk presented at the International Workshop on Hadron Physics "Effective Theories of Low Energy QCD", Coimbra, Portugal, September 10-15, 1999
The Spatial-Kinematic Structure of the Region of Massive Star Formation S255N on Various Scales
Creators: name: Zemlyanukha, P. M.
name: Zinchenko, I. I.
name: Salii, S. V.
name: Ryabukhina, O. L.
name: Liu, S. -Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The results of a detailed analysis of SMA, VLA, and IRAM observations of the region of massive star formation S255N in CO(2---1), \nh, \nhh, \co and some other lines is presented. Combining interferometer and single-dish data has enabled a more detailed investigation of the gas kinematics in the moleclar core on various spatial scales. There are no signs of rotation or isotropic compression on the scale of the region as whole. The largest fragments of gas ($\approx$0.3 pc) are located near the boundary of the regions of ionized hydrogen S255 and S257. Some smaller-scale fragments are associated with protostellar clumps. The kinetic temperatures of these fragments lie in the range 10---80 K. A circumstellar torus with inner radius R$_{in}$ $\approx$ 8000 AU and outer radius R$_{out}$ 12 000 AU has been detected around the clump SMA1. The rotation profile indicates the existence of a central object with mass $\approx$ 8.5/ sin 2 (i) M$_\odot$ . SMA1 is resolved into two clumps, SMA1---NE and SMA1---SE, whose temperatures are $\approx$150 K and $\approx$25 K, respectively. To all appearances, the torus is involved in the accretion of surrounding gas onto the two protostellar clumps.
Recursive Estimation of Conditional Kernel Mean Embeddings
Creators: name: Tamás, Ambrus
name: Csáji, Balázs Csanád
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Kernel mean embeddings, a widely used technique in machine learning, map probability distributions to elements of a reproducing kernel Hilbert space (RKHS). For supervised learning problems, where input-output pairs are observed, the conditional distribution of outputs given the inputs is a key object. The input dependent conditional distribution of an output can be encoded with an RKHS valued function, the conditional kernel mean map. In this paper we present a new recursive algorithm to estimate the conditional kernel mean map in a Hilbert space valued $L_2$ space, that is in a Bochner space. We prove the weak and strong $L_2$ consistency of our recursive estimator under mild conditions. The idea is to generalize Stone's theorem for Hilbert space valued regression in a locally compact Polish space. We present new insights about conditional kernel mean embeddings and give strong asymptotic bounds regarding the convergence of the proposed recursive method. Finally, the results are demonstrated on three application domains: for inputs coming from Euclidean spaces, Riemannian manifolds and locally compact subsets of function spaces.
Remarks on the $L^p$ convergence of Bessel--Fourier series on the disc
Creators: name: Babb, Ryan L. Acosta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 42-02 (Primary) 42C05, 33C10, 34L10, (Secondary)

description: The $L^p$ convergence of eigenfunction expansions for the Laplacian on planar domains is largely unknown for $p\neq 2$. After discussing the classical Fourier series on the 2-torus, we move onto the disc, whose eigenfunctions are explicitly computable as products of trigonometric and Bessel functions. We summarise a result of Balodis and Córdoba (1999) regarding the $L^p$ convergence of the Bessel--Fourier series in the mixed norm space $L^p_{\mathrm{rad}}(L^2_{\mathrm{ang}})$ on the disk for the range $\tfrac{4}{3}
description: 7 pages
Scrambling Dynamics and Out-of-Time Ordered Correlators in Quantum Many-Body Systems: a Tutorial
Creators: name: Xu, Shenglong
name: Swingle, Brian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This tutorial article introduces the physics of quantum information scrambling in quantum many-body systems. The goals are to understand how to precisely quantify the spreading of quantum information and how causality emerges in complex quantum systems. We introduce a general framework to study the dynamics of quantum information, including detection and decoding. We show that the dynamics of quantum information is closely related to operator dynamics in the Heisenberg picture, and, under certain circumstances, can be precisely quantified by the so-called out-of-time ordered correlator~(OTOC). The general behavior of OTOC is discussed based on several toy models, including the Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev model, random circuit models, and Brownian models, in which OTOC is analytically tractable. We introduce numerical methods, including exact diagonalization and tensor network methods, to calculate OTOC for generic quantum many-body systems. We also survey current experimental schemes for measuring OTOC in various quantum simulators.
description: 42 pages, 11 figures; a tutorial article, comments are welcome; improved presentation, reference updated
The area of rhumb polygons
Creators: name: Karney, Charles F. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The formula for the area of a rhumb polygon, a polygon whose edges are rhumb lines on an ellipsoid of revolution, is derived and a method is given for computing the area accurately. This paper also points out that standard methods for computing rhumb lines give inaccurate results for nearly east- or west-going lines; this problem is remedied by the systematic use of divided differences.
description: RevTex, 10 pages, 4 figures
MOESM5 of Comparative transcriptomics reveals PrrAB-mediated control of metabolic, respiration, energy-generating, and dormancy pathways in Mycobacterium smegmatis
Creators: name: Maarsingh, Jason
name: Yang, Shanshan
name: Park, Jin
name: Haydel, Shelley
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional fileÂ 5. RNA Bioanalyzer results (RIN numbers and electrophoretic traces).
On the Shadowableness of Flows With Hyperbolic Singularities
Creators: name: Arbieto, Alexander
name: López, Andrés M.
name: Rego, Elias
name: Sánchez, Yeison
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary MSC code 37C10, Secondary MSC code 37C50

description: In this work we study the existence of singular flows satisfying shadowing-like properties. More precisely, we prove that if C1 -vector field on a closed manifold induces a chain-recurrent flow containing an attached hyperbolic singularity of stable or unstable index-one, then this flow cannot satisfy the shadowing property. If the manifold is non-compact, the vector field is complete and non-wandering, we prove that we prove that the existence of index-one hyperbolic singularities prevents the induced flow to satisfy the rescaled-shadowing property introduced in [6].
description: 18 pages, 3 figures
Three-Dimensional Simulation of Double-Detonations in the Double-Degenerate Model for Type Ia Supernovae and Interaction of Ejecta with a Surviving White Dwarf Companion
Creators: name: Tanikawa, Ataru
name: Nomoto, Ken'ichi
name: Nakasato, Naohito
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the hydrodynamics and nucleosynthesis in the double-detonation model of Type Ia supernovae (SNe~Ia) and the interaction between the ejecta and a surviving white dwarf (WD) companion in the double-degenerate scenario. We set up a binary star system with $1.0M_\odot$ and $0.6M_\odot$ carbon-oxygen (CO) WDs, where the primary WD consists of a CO core and helium (He) shell with $0.95$ and $0.05M_\odot$, respectively. We follow the evolution of the binary star system from the initiation of a He detonation, ignition and propagation of a CO detonation, and the interaction of SN ejecta with the companion WD. The companion (or surviving) WD gets a flung-away velocity of $\sim 1700$~km~s$^{-1}$, and captures $^{56}$Ni of $\sim 0.03M_\odot$, and He of $3 \times 10^{-4}M_\odot$. Such He can be detected on the surface of surviving WDs. The SN ejecta contains a `companion-origin stream', and unburned materials stripped from the companion WD ($\sim 3 \cdot 10^{-3}M_\odot$), although the stream compositions would depend on the He shell mass of the companion WD. The ejecta has also a velocity shift of $\sim 1000$~km~s$^{-1}$ due to the binary motion of the exploding primary WD. These features would be prominent in nebular-phase spectra of oxygen emission lines from the unburned materials like SN~2010lp and iPTF14atg, and of blue- or red-shifted Fe-group emission lines from the velocity shift like a part of sub-luminous SNe~Ia. We expect SN~Ia counterparts to the D$^6$ model would leave these fingerprints for SN~Ia observations.
description: 16 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Spin Evolution and Cometary Interpretation of the Interstellar Minor Object 1I/2017 'Oumuamua
Creators: name: Rafikov, Roman R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Observations of the first interstellar minor object 1I/2017 'Oumuamua did not reveal direct signs of outgassing that would have been natural if it had volatile-rich composition. However, a recent measurement by Micheli et al (2018) of a substantial non-gravitational acceleration affecting the orbit of this object has been interpreted as resulting from its cometary activity, which must be rather vigorous. Here we critically re-assess this interpretation by exploring the implications of measured non-gravitational acceleration for the 'Oumuamua's rotational state. We show that outgassing torques should drive rapid evolution of 'Oumuamua's spin (on a timescale of a few days), assuming torque asymmetry typical for the Solar System comets. However, given the highly elongated shape of the object, its torque asymmetry is likely higher, implying even faster evolution. This would have resulted in rapid rotational fission of 'Oumuamua during its journey through the Solar System and is clearly incompatible with the relative stability of its rotational state inferred from photometric variability. Based on these arguments, as well as the lack of direct signs of outgassing, we conclude that the classification of 'Oumuamua as a comet (invoked to explain its claimed anomalous acceleration) is questionable.
description: Replaced to match a version published in The Astrophysical Journal Letters, 2018, Volume 867, Issue 1, article id. L17
HST Observations of the Field Star Population in the Large Magellanic Cloud
Creators: name: Elson, Rebecca A. W.
name: Gilmore, Gerard F.
name: Santiago, Basilio X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present $V$ and $I$ photometry, obtained with the Hubble Space Telescope, for $\sim 15,800$ stars in a field in the inner disk of the Large Magellanic Cloud. We confirm previous results indicating that an intense star formation event, probably corresponding to the formation of the LMC disk, occurred a few times $10^9$ years ago. We find a small but real difference between our field and one further out in the disk observed by Gallagher et al (1996): either star formation in the inner disk commenced slightly earlier, or the stars are slightly more metal rich. We also find evidence for a later burst, around 1 Gyr ago, which may correspond to the formation of the LMC bar. About 5% of the stars in our field are substantially older than either burst, and are probably members of an old disk or halo population with age $\sim 12$ Gyr.
description: 18 pages, 7 figures: only 3 available ellectronically - complete copies by request from elson@ast.cam.ac.uk