cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Exploring 5d BPS Spectra with Exponential Networks
Creators: name: Banerjee, Sibasish
name: Longhi, Pietro
name: Romo, Mauricio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We develop geometric techniques for counting BPS states in five-dimensional gauge theories engineered by M theory on a toric Calabi-Yau threefold. The problem is approached by studying framed 3d-5d wall-crossing in presence of a single M5 brane wrapping a special Lagrangian submanifold $L$. The spectrum of 3d-5d BPS states is encoded by the geometry of the manifold of vacua of the 3d-5d system, which further coincides with the mirror curve describing moduli of the Lagrangian brane. Information about the BPS spectrum is extracted from the geometry of the mirror curve by construction of a nonabelianization map for exponential networks. For the simplest Calabi-Yau, $\mathbb{C}^3$ we reproduce the count of 5d BPS states encoded by the Mac Mahon function in the context of topological strings, and match predictions of 3d $tt^*$ geometry for the count of 3d-5d BPS states. We comment on applications of our construction to the study of enumerative invariants of toric Calabi-Yau threefolds.
description: A summary for mathematicians is included; v2: updated references
A Study on Green Building Efficiency Assessment in Thailand
Creators: name: Non Phichetkunbodee, Chinnapat Buachart
Publisher: name: TuEngr Group
Year: 2021
Subjects: Building Energy Code (BEC)
Green Building
Overall Thermal Transfer Value (OTTV)
Energy calculation process
Energy Assessment
Angle of building.

description: International Transaction Journal of Engineering, Management, & Applied Sciences & Technologies, 12, 6, 12A6S: 1-11
Thermal Performance & Glare Analysis of ETFE Roof Foil in Tropical Climate Condition
Creators: name: Leong Choon Hoong, Hazril Sherney Basher
Publisher: name: TuEngr Group
Year: 2021
Subjects: Thermal performance
ETFE surface temperature
Roof surface temperature
Daylight Glare Index (DGI)
Air-conditioned
Building roof
Roof foil
Glare analysis
ETFE roof
Non-air-conditioned
Tropical climate
Building energy simulation
Sustainable building
Luminance.

description: International Transaction Journal of Engineering, Management, & Applied Sciences & Technologies, 12, 6, 12A6T: 1-7
Instability of charge ordered states in doped antiferromagnets
Creators: name: Pryadko, Leonid P.
name: Kivelson, Steven
name: Hone, Daniel W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the induced interactions between localized holes in weakly-doped Heisenberg antiferromagnets due to the modification of the quantum zero point spin wave energy; i.e. the analogue of the Casimir effect. We show that this interaction is uniformly attractive and falls off as r^{-2 d+1} in d dimensions. For ``stripes'', i.e parallel (d-1)-dimensional hypersurfaces of localized holes, the interaction energy per unit hyperarea is attractive and falls, generically, like r^{-d}. We argue that, in the absence of a long-range Coulomb repulsion between holes, this interaction leads to an instability of any charge-ordered state in the dilute doping limit.
description: Revtex, 5 pages two-column format, 3 ps figures (epsf). Two references added and some textual changes
List I. Constitutive themes and sub-themes of organ transplantation
Creators: name: Moreno-Esparza, Gabriel
Publisher: name: Northumbria University
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 200199 Communication and Media Studies not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Media and communications

description: This list includes descriptions for the range of themes and sub-themes that are constitutive of the reality of organ transplantation covered by the documentaries Gift of Life and Heart Transplant: a Chance to Live, respectively broadcast by Channel 5 and BBC2
Gestalt- und wirkzusammenhangsbasierte Beschreibung von Fehlermechanismen für eine effektivere und effizientere Identifikation, Analyse sowie Nachvollziehbarkeit von Fehlerfolgen und -ursachen = Embodiment design and effect relationship-based description of failure mechanisms for a more effective and efficient identification, analysis and traceability of failure consequences and causes
Creators: name: Gladysz, Bartosz
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2019
Subjects: C&C²-A
Fehlermechanismen
Fehler
FMEA
Modellierung

description: Im Rahmen dieser Forschungsarbeit wird die Risikobeurteilung als Teil des technischen Risikomanagements in der Produktentstehung adressiert und mit Hilfe eines neuen modellbasierten Ansatzes zur Bestimmung, Beschreibung und Analyse von Fehlerfolgen und -ursachen unterstützt. Die übergeordnete Zielsetzung ist hierbei eine Steigerung der Effektivität und Effizienz in der kollaborativen Fehleranalyse in Entwicklungsteams sowie eine verbesserte Nachvollziehbarkeit über Produktgenerati-onen hinweg. Darüber hinaus soll der Ansatz als ergänzendes Hilfsmittel im Rahmen der Fehlereffekt- und Einflussanalyse (FMEA) zum Einsatz kommen. Die übergeordnete Zielsetzung wird durch eine integrierte Betrachtung von Gestalt- und Wirkzusammenhängen im Fehlerfall erreicht. Ermöglicht wird dies durch das Prinzip der Wirknetz-basierten Beschreibung des Systemverhaltens, das das Kernelement des Contact, Channel and Connector Approach (C&C²-A) darstellt. Die Übertragung dieses Prinzips zur Bestimmung, Beschreibung und Analyse von Ursache-Wirk-Zusammenhängen im Fehlerfall ist Kern dieser Forschungsarbeit. Das Ergebnis ist ein modellbasierter Ansatz, genannt Contact, Channel and Connector based Analysis of Failure Mechanisms (C&C²-AFM). Aufbauend auf dem Stand der Forschung und ergänzenden Studien wurden hierfür zunächst Kernherausforderungen in der Risikobeurteilung ermittelt, und anschließend wurden geeignete Methoden, Prozesse und Modelle anhand konkreter Anwendungs-fälle und mechatronischer Systeme erarbeitet und untersucht. Die Erkenntnisse aus diesen explorativen Fallstudien dienten als Grundlage für den C&C²-AFM-Ansatz, welcher auf Basis von drei unterschiedlichen Studien evaluiert und weiterentwickelt wurde. Hierzu wurden zwei Laborstudien und eine Beobachtungsstudie durchgeführt, deren Ergebnisse einerseits den Mehrwert des Ansatzes für die Anwendung in Hinblick auf Effektivität, Effizienz sowie Nachvollziehbarkeit aufzeigen und andererseits Anknüpfungspunkte für weitere Forschungsarbeiten liefern.
Aperiodic Tilings on the Computer
Creators: name: Grimm, Uwe
name: Schreiber, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We briefly review the standard methods used to construct quasiperiodic tilings, such as the projection, the inflation, and the grid method. A number of sample Mathematica programs, implementing the different approaches for one- and two-dimensional examples, are discussed. Apart from small examples, the corresponding programs are not contained in the text, but will be made available in electronic form.
description: 18 pages, lots of figures; tutorial introduction prepared for a summer school on quasicrystals held in Chemnitz 1997; will eventually be published as part of a book on "Quasicrystals"; see also math-ph/9901014
Brane Cosmology in the Background of D-Brane with NS B Field
Creators: name: Youm, Donam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the cosmological evolution of the four-dimensional universe on the probe D3-brane in geodesic motion in the curved background of the source Dp-brane with non-zero NS B field. The Friedman equations describing the expansion of the brane universe are obtained and analyzed for various limits. We elaborate on corrections to the cosmological evolution due to nonzero NS B field.
description: 13 pages, LaTeX, revised version with minor corrections to appear in Phys. Rev. D
The BeppoSAX view of the X-ray active nucleus of NGC4258
Creators: name: Fiore, F.
name: Pellegrini, S.
name: Matt, G.
name: Antonelli, L. A.
name: Comastri, A.
name: Della Ceca, R.
name: Giallongo, E.
name: Mathur, S.
name: Molendi, S.
name: Siemiginowska, A.
name: Trinchieri, G.
name: Wilkes, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: BeppoSAX observed NGC4258 on December 1998, when its 2-10 keV luminosity was \~1E41 erg/s. 100% variability is observed in the 3-10 keV band on timescales of a half a day while 20% variability is observed on timescales of one hour. The nuclear component is visible above 2 keV only, being obscured by a column density of (9.5+/-1.2)E22 cm-2; this component is detected up to 70 keV with S/N>=3 and with the steep power law energy index of 1.11+/-0.14. Bremsstrahlung emission for the 2-70 keV X-ray luminosity, as expected in ADAF models with strong winds, is ruled out by the data. The ratio between the nuclear radio and the X-ray luminosities is <=1E-5, similar to that of radio quiet AGN. X-ray variability and spectral shape, radio to X-ray and NIR to X-ray luminosity ratios suggest that the nucleus of NGC4258 could be a scaled-down version of a Seyfert nucleus. The soft (E<=2keV) X-ray emission is complex. There are at least two thermal-like components, with T1=0.6+/-0.1 keV and T2>=1.3 keV. The cooler (L(0.1-2.4keV)=1E40 erg/s) component is probably associated with the jet, resolved in X-rays by the ROSAT HRI. The second component, which can be modeled equally well by an unobscured power law model, has L(0.1-2.4keV)~7E39 erg/s, consistent with that expected from discrete X-ray sources in the host galaxy. NGC4258 and other maser AGNs show strong nuclear X-ray absorption. We propose that this large column of gas might be responsible for shielding the regions of maser emission from X-ray illumination. So a large column density gas may be a necessary property of masing AGNs.
description: ApJ in press
Quantum Jacobi-Trudi Formula and $E_8$ Structure in the Ising Model in a Field
Creators: name: Suzuki, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate a 1D quantum system associated with the Ising model in a field(the dilute $A_3$ model) by the recently developed quantum transfer matrix (QTM) approach. A closed set of functional relations is found among variants of fusion QTMs which are characterized by skew Young tableaux. These relations are proved by using a quantum analogue of Jacobi-Trudi formula, together with special features at "root of unity" . The numerical analysis on their eigenvalues shows a remarkable coincidence with exponents characteristic to $E_8$. From these findings, we have successfully recovered the $E_8$ Thermodynamic Bethe ansatz equation by Bazhanov et al, however, without specific choice of strings solutions.
description: 16 pages +Table, 4 Figures, Latex 2e, use graphicx
Ground-state dispersion and density of states from path-integral Monte Carlo. Application to the lattice polaron
Creators: name: Kornilovitch, P. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A formula is derived that relates the ground-state dispersion of a many-body system with the end-to-end distribution of paths with open boundary conditions in imaginary time. The formula does not involve the energy estimator. It allows direct measurement of the ground-state dispersion by quantum Monte Carlo methods without analytical continuation or auxiliary fitting. The formula is applied to the lattice polaron problem. The exact polaron spectrum and density of states are calculated for several models in one, two, and three dimensions. In the adiabatic regime of the Holstein model, the polaron density of states deviates spectacularly from the free-particle shape.
description: 8 pages, 9 figures
Growth of three-dimensional structures by atomic deposition on surfaces containing defects : simulations and theory
Creators: name: Jensen, Pablo
name: Larralde, Hernán
name: Meunier, Muriel
name: Pimpinelli, Alberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform a comprehensive study of the formation of three dimensional (pyramidal) structures in a large range of conditions, including the possible evaporation of adatoms from the surface and the presence of surface defects. We compare our computer simulations to theoretical calculations of the growth and find good agreement between them. This work clarifies precedent studies of three dimensional growth and predicts the island size distributions obtained in the different regimes. Finally, we show how our analysis can be used to interpret experimental data.
description: 15 pages, Revtex. submitted to Surface Science
Clostridium perfringens infection in Calves: Prevention and control
Creators: name: 1* Hina Ashraf Waiz and 2Lokesh Gautam
Publisher: name: The Science world a Monthly e magazine
Year: 2024

description: An important problem facing the global cattle business is enterotoxaemia in calves. The economic burden of this disease and its potential to inflict large losses in animals make it a matter for concern.
High quality electrostatically defined hall bars in monolayer graphene
Creators: name: Ribeiro-Palau, Rebeca
name: Chen, Shaowen
name: Zeng, Yihang
name: Watanabe, Kenji
name: Taniguchi, Takashi
name: Hone, James
name: Dean, Cory R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Realizing graphene's promise as an atomically thin and tunable platform for fundamental studies and future applications in quantum transport requires the ability to electrostatically define the geometry of the structure and control the carrier concentration, without compromising the quality of the system. Here, we demonstrate the working principle of a new generation of high quality gate defined graphene samples, where the challenge of doing so in a gapless semiconductor is overcome by using the $ν=0$ insulating state, which emerges at modest applied magnetic fields. In order to verify that the quality of our devices is not compromised by the presence of multiple gates we compare the electronic transport response of different sample geometries, paying close attention to fragile quantum states, such as the fractional quantum Hall (FQH) states, that are highly susceptible to disorder. The ability to define local depletion regions without compromising device quality establishes a new approach towards structuring graphene-based quantum transport devices.
title: The Smart City of Gaza Technologies of Containment and the Urban Condition
Creators: name: Sebregondi, Francesco
Publisher: name: Goldsmiths, University of London
Year: 2023

description: Central to this thesis is a counter-intuitive proposition: the Gaza Strip constitutes an extreme example of smart urbanism. Under blockade for over a decade, on permanent humanitarian life-support, and regularly destroyed by the Israeli military, the Palestinian coastal enclave is undoubtedly a devastated territory. However brutal the contrast of its current appearance with the carefully branded image of the “smart city”, a closer look at the urban technology at work in Gaza reveals an uncanny resemblance with the one underpinning the fast-spreading model of an optimised urban future. Through the inverted lens of Gaza, the application of smartness at urban scale reveals one of its lesser known purpose: to efficiently contain an urban population that is considered as both surplus and threat. So far, the critique of smart urbanism has tended to reduce the problem posed by its ongoing worldwide diffusion to one of unequal access to the privilege of smartness. The main goal of the thesis is to reframe this critique: in parallel to generating islands of technologically enhanced urban privilege, smartness is also widely used to manage and to consolidate delimited zones of urban exclusion. The notion of technologies of containment is therefore introduced as a means to highlight the dialectics of upgrade and downgrade, of fast-tracking and side-lining, of capacitation and debilitation that is not only reinforced, but also largely automated by the rise of smartness as a new dominant urban paradigm. Informed by the author’s long-term practice with Forensic Architecture (a research agency using spatial and media analysis to investigate state and corporate violence), the thesis examines how smart technologies are currently deployed in one of the most militarised frontiers of the urban condition. Processes and circumstances identified in Gaza are set against parallel urban trends that are observable around the world. The aim of this study is to question the implications of the global drive towards the networked, logistical, responsive, resilient, and optimised city. As an efficiently managed containment zone for a fast-growing population of two million outcasts, does Gaza form a blueprint for smart urban solutions to the social and ecological breakdowns of tomorrow?
Extended quintessence and the primordial helium abundance
Creators: name: Chen, Xuelei
name: Scherrer, Robert J.
name: Steigman, Gary
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In extended quintessence models, a scalar field which couples to the curvature scalar R provides most of the energy density of the universe. We point out that such models can also lead naturally to a decrease in the primordial abundance of helium-4, relieving the tension which currently exists between the primordial helium-4 abundance inferred from observations and the amount predicted by Standard Big Bang Nucleosynthesis (SBBN) corresponding to the observed deuterium abundance. Using negative power-law potentials for the quintessence field, we determine the range of model parameters which can lead to an interesting reduction in the helium-4 abundance, and we show that it overlaps with the region allowed by other constraints on extended quintessence models.
description: 7 pages, 10 figures. Replaced with published version (minor corrections)
Dark Matter from a Vector Field in the Fundamental Representation of $SU(2)_L$
Creators: name: Sáez, Bastian Díaz
name: Rojas-Abatte, Felipe
name: Zerwekh, Alfonso R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore an extension to the Standard Model which incorporates a vector field in the fundamental representation of $SU(2)_L$ as the only non-standard degree of freedom. This kind of field may appear in different scenarios such as Compositness, Gauge-Higgs unification and extradimensional scenarios. We study the model in which a $Z_2$ symmetry is manifest, making the neutral CP-even component of the new vector field a vectorial dark matter candidate. We constraint the parameter space through LEP and LHC data, as well as from current dark matter searches. Additionally, comment on the implications of perturbative unitarity are presented. We find that the model is highly constrained but a small region of the parameter space can provide a viable DM candidate. On the other hand, unitarity demands an UV completion at an scale below 10 TeV. Finally we contrast our predictions on mono-jet, -$Z$, -Higgs production with the ones obtained in the inert Two Higgs Doublet Model.
description: 30 pages, 30 figures, 3 tables
An Overview of Donation based Crowdfunding Platform Using Smart Contracts
Creators: name: Avisha Mulchandani, Parnavi Shrawgi, Sai Shinde, Aparna Mote
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: In the rapidly evolving landscape of fundraising and investment, our project introduces a crowdfunding platform empowered by blockchain technology. This platform combines the advantages of transparency, security, and efficiency offered by blockchain with the flexibility and accessibility of crowdfunding. It enables project creators to reach a global audience and provides contributors with a trusted and secure environment to support their chosen initiatives. With robust identity verification, integrated cryptocurrency wallets, and transparent reporting, our platform ensures a seamless and trustworthy crowdfunding experience. As a symbol of the future of fundraising, our project aims to revolutionize the way innovators and supporters connect, fostering innovation, trust, and collaboration on a global scale.
title: Geschlechterkritik und ihre 'contested matters'
Creators: name: Hutzler, Michael
Publisher: name: SSOAR -   GESIS Leibniz Institute for the Social Sciences
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 20200 Women´s Studies, Feminist Studies, Gender Studies
subject: 10201 General Sociology, Basic Research, General Concepts and History of Sociology, Sociological Theories
subject: gender
subject: role image
subject: category
subject: criticism
subject: power
subject: sociological theory

description: Geschlechterpolitischer Aktivismus problematisiert soziale Arrangements, die auf der Kategorisierung von Männern und Frauen aufbauen. Eine soziologische Analyse dieser kritischen Praxis richtet den Blick auf die Art und Weise der Problematisierung und auf ihre performativen Effekte. Der Beitrag fragt im Zusammenhang einer ethnografischen Untersuchung einer queer-feministischen Aktivist:innengruppe nach den 'contested matters' der Geschlechterkritik. Indem geschlechterkritischer Aktivismus die Geschlechterunterscheidung zum Gegenstand politischer Kritik macht, konzipiert er sie als ein 'soziales Objekt' und partizipiert damit an der Soziologisierung dieser Zugehörigkeitskategorie. Anlass für die politische Kritik sind zunächst mit der Kategorisierung verbundene Ungleichheitseffekte, in der queer-feministischen Problematisierung kommt die Infragestellung der Legitimität der Klassifizierung selbst hinzu. Für die untersuchte Organisationsgruppe eines 'Ladyfests' ist folgenreich, dass sie ihr 'contested object' als mit Machteffekten ausgestattete 'soziale Struktur' konzipiert, welche auch die Aktivist*innen selbst in Form sozialisatorisch erworbener Routinen erfasst. Das Objekt der Kritik erscheint so als übermächtig und ein einfaches Absehen von der zugrundeliegenden Unterscheidung als nicht geboten. Die Annahme einer klar benennbaren Verteilung von Privilegien und Benachteiligungen führt dabei zur Reaktivierung von Geschlecht als binär konzipiertem 'membership device' (Sacks) und ermöglicht so zugleich eine bestimmte Form der politischen Zuspitzung. Die Nähe aktueller Geschlechterkritik zu den akademischen Diskursen der Gender Studies will die vorgestellte Untersuchung als Gelegenheit nutzen, die Wissenspraxis des Feldes mit jener der sozialwissenschaftlichen Forschung in Bezug zu setzen. Verzichtet man dabei auf den Anspruch einer prinzipiellen Überlegenheit soziologischen Wissens gegenüber dem 'Alltagswissen' des Feldes, lassen sich dort zum Einsatz kommende sozialtheoretische Setzungen nach ihren praktischen Konsequenzen befragen.
description: Gesellschaft unter Spannung: Verhandlungen des 40. Kongresses der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Soziologie 2020
title: Datafizierte Politik und ihre Folgen: Ein wissenssoziologisch ausgerichteter Perspektivenwechsel
Creators: name: Kusche, Isabel
Publisher: name: SSOAR -   GESIS Leibniz Institute for the Social Sciences
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 10504 Political Process, Elections, Political Sociology, Political Culture
subject: Bundestag
subject: political communication
subject: social media
subject: knowledge
subject: political consulting
subject: political attitude

description: Der Begriff der datafizierten Politik steht für die Möglichkeiten politischer Akteure, Entscheidungen über ihre Kommunikation im Kontext von Wahlkampagnen auf der Basis von Daten zu treffen, die auf digitalen Plattformen über Nutzer/-innen anfallen. Solche Daten können genutzt werden, um politische Werbung online gezielt bestimmten Personengruppen anzuzeigen, aber auch zur Abschätzung des Erfolgs eines Beitrages, um daraus Schlüsse für künftige Beiträge zu ziehen. Mit der ersten Möglichkeit verbinden kritische Beobachter/-innen die Sorge, das Wahlverhalten von Wähler*innen lasse sich manipulieren, mit der zweiten Möglichkeit die Befürchtung, dass so Emotionalisierung, Polarisierung und letztlich die Entstehung von Echokammern und Filterblasen gefördert werde. Die aktuelle empirische Forschung zu (politischen) Effekten von Social Media auf Nutzer/-innen gibt in diesen Hinsichten zunehmend Entwarnung, aber die politische Kommunikation über mögliche Effekte bleibt davon aber weitgehend unbeeindruckt. Der Beitrag untersucht zunächst am Beispiel von Bundestagsreden, die die Begriffe Filterblasen und Echokammern verwenden, in welchen thematischen Kontexten sich die politische Überzeugung etabliert hat, dass diese Phänomene existieren und ein Problem darstellen. Daran anschließend wird geprüft, inwiefern Inhalte wissenschaftlicher Politikberatung in den letzten Jahren diese Überzeugung gestützt oder ihr entgegengewirkt haben. Schließlich werden mögliche Funktionen diskutiert, die die Bezugnahme auf Filterblasen und Echokammern in der politischen Kommunikation erfüllt.
description: Polarisierte Welten: Verhandlungen des 41. Kongresses der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Soziologie 2022
Seeded and unseeded high order parametric down conversion
Creators: name: Okoth, Cameron
name: Cavanna, Andrea
name: Joly, Nicolas
name: Chekhova, Maria
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spontaneous parametric down conversion (SPDC) has been one of the foremost tools in quantum optics for over five decades. Over that time it has been used to demonstrate some of the curious features that arise from quantum mechanics. Despite the success of SPDC, its higher-order analogues have never been observed, even though it has been suggested that they generate far more unique and exotic states than SPDC. An example of this is the emergence of non-Gaussian states without the need for post-selection. Here we calculate the expected rate of emission for nth-order SPDC with and without external stimulation (seeding). Focusing primarily on third-order parametric down-conversion (TOPDC), we estimate the photon detection rates in a rutile crystal, for both the unseeded and seeded regimes.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures
title: Rekonstruktive Forschung in einem polarisierten Forschungsfeld: Radikalisierungsforschung als Herausforderung
Creators: name: Jukschat, Nadine
name: Leimbach, Katharina
Publisher: name: SSOAR -   GESIS Leibniz Institute for the Social Sciences
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 20500 Social Problems
subject: 10104 Research Design
subject: radicalization
subject: prevention
subject: security
subject: polarization
subject: research topic
subject: research process

description: Die soziale Welt der Radikalisierungsprävention stellt mit ihren normativen und politischen Aufladungen sowie damit einhergehenden Polarisierungen (rekonstruktive) Forschung vor Herausforderungen. Der Beitrag diskutiert diese Herausforderungen exemplarisch anhand unserer Erfahrungen im Zuge des Verbundprojektes "Radikalisierung im digitalen Zeitalter - Risiken, Verläufe und Strategien der Prävention" (RadigZ) und zeigt dabei insbesondere auf, wie produktiv im Sinne des Erkenntnisprozesses es ist, den Fokus gerade auf die herausforderungsvollen "Störungen" und "Irritationen" zu richten.
description: Polarisierte Welten: Verhandlungen des 41. Kongresses der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Soziologie 2022
Clinical presentations, management, and outcomes of acute esophageal necrosis: a systemic review
Creators: name: Abdullah, Hafez Mohammad
name: Waqas Ullah
name: Abdallah, Mohamed
name: Uzma Khan
name: Hurairah, Abu
name: Muslim Atiq
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer

description: Background: To review all the reported literature on acute esophageal necrosis. Research methods: Databases were searched using the special Medical Subject Heading (MeSH) terms. All the available reported cases of acute esophageal necrosis were analyzed. Results: A total of 154 cases were identified and 130 cases were analyzed. The mean age of presentation was 61 years, and 70% of cases were males. The most common presenting symptoms were hematemesis in 66%, shock in 36%, melena in 33%, abdominal or substernal pain in 28%. The most common comorbidities reported were diabetes in 38%, hypertension in 37%, alcohol abuse in 25%, and chronic kidney disease in 16%. On upper endoscopy, 51% had a distal disease, 36% had pan esophageal, and only 2% had a proximal disease. 84% of patients were treated with IV Proton Pump Inhibitors, 22% received transfusions, 23% got antibiotics for underlying sepsis, 14% also received sucralfate, and 4% required surgery for treatment. The mortality rate was 32%, while perforation was reported in 5% and stricture formation reported in 9% of patients. Conclusions: Patients with acute esophageal necrosis can have a favorable outcome if treated appropriately.
The consequences of planetary migration on the minor bodies of the early Solar System
Creators: name: Pirani, Simona
name: Johansen, Anders
name: Bitsch, Bertram
name: Mustill, Alexander J.
name: Turrini, Diego
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Pebble accretion is an efficient mechanism able to build up the core of the giant planets within the lifetime of the protoplanetary disc gas-phase. The core grows via this process until the protoplanet reaches its pebble isolation mass and starts to accrete gas. During the growth, the protoplanet undergoes a rapid, large-scale, inward migration due to the interactions with the gaseous protoplanetary disc. In our work, we investigate how this early migration would have affected the minor body populations in our solar system. In particular, we focus on the Jupiter Trojans and the Hildas asteroids. We found that a massive and eccentric Hilda group is captured during the migration from a region between 5 and 8 au and subsequently depleted during the late instability of the giant planets. Our simulations also show that inward migration of the giant planets always produces a Jupiter Trojans' leading swarm more populated than the trailing one, with a ratio comparable to the current observed Trojan asymmetry ratio. The in situ formation of Jupiter, on the other hand, produces symmetric leading/trailing swarms. The reason for the asymmetry is the relative drift between the migrating planet and the particles in the coorbital resonance. The capture happens during the growth of Jupiter's core and Trojan asteroids are afterwards carried along during the giant planet's migration to their final orbits. The asymmetry and eccentricity of the captured Trojans correspond well to observations, but their inclinations are near zero and their total mass is 3-4 orders of magnitude higher than the current population. Future modelling will be needed to understand whether the dynamical evolution of the Trojans over billions of years will raise the inclinations and deplete the masses to observed values.
description: 19 pages, 21 figures. Accepted for publication in A&A
The HST Large Programme on NGC6752. II. Multiple populations at the bottom of the main sequence probed in NIR
Creators: name: Milone, A. P.
name: Marino, A. F.
name: Bedin, L. R.
name: Anderson, J.
name: Apai, D.
name: Bellini, A.
name: Dieball, A.
name: Salaris, M.
name: Libralato, M.
name: Nardiello, D.
name: Bergeron, P.
name: Burgasser, A. J.
name: Rees, J. M.
name: Rich, R. M.
name: Richer, H. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Historically, multiple populations in Globular Clusters (GCs) have been mostly studied from ultraviolet and optical filters down to stars that are more massive than ~0.6 solar masses. Here we exploit deep near-infrared (NIR) photometry from the Hubble Space Telescope to investigate multiple populations among M-dwarfs in the GC NGC6752. We discovered that the three main populations (A, B and C), previously observed in the brightest part of the color-magnitude diagram, define three distinct sequences that run from the main-sequence (MS) knee towards the bottom of the MS (~0.15 solar masses). These results, together with similar findings on NGC2808, M4, and omega Centauri, demonstrate that multiple sequences of M-dwarfs are common features of the color-magnitude diagrams of GCs. The three sequences of low-mass stars in NGC6752 are consistent with stellar populations with different oxygen abundances. The range of [O/Fe] needed to reproduce the NIR CMD of NGC6752 is similar to the oxygen spread inferred from high-resolution spectroscopy of red-giant branch (RGB) stars. The relative numbers of stars in the three populations of M-dwarfs are similar to those derived among RGB and MS stars more massive than ~0.6 solar masses. As a consequence, the evidence that the properties of multiple populations do not depend on stellar mass is a constraint for the formation scenarios.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Endurance of quantum coherence due to particle indistinguishability in noisy quantum networks
Creators: name: Perez-Leija, Armando
name: Guzmán-Silva, Diego
name: León-Montiel, Roberto de J.
name: Gräfe, Markus
name: Heinrich, Matthias
name: Moya-Cessa, Hector
name: Busch, Kurt
name: Szameit, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum coherence, the physical property underlying fundamental phenomena such as multi-particle interference and entanglement, has emerged as a valuable resource upon which modern technologies are founded. In general, the most prominent adversary of quantum coherence is noise arising from the interaction of the associated dynamical system with its environment. Under certain conditions, however, the existence of noise may drive quantum and classical systems to endure intriguing nontrivial effects. In this vein, here we demonstrate, both theoretically and experimentally, that when two indistinguishable non-interacting particles co-propagate through quantum networks affected by non-dissipative noise, the system always evolves into a steady state in which coherences accounting for particle indistinguishabilty perpetually prevail. Furthermore, we show that the same steady state with surviving quantum coherences is reached even when the initial state exhibits classical correlations.
description: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1709.04336
S3: Pacing of late Pliensbachian and early Toarcian carbon cycle perturbations and environmental change in the westernmost Tethys (La Cerradura section, Subbetic Zone of the Betic Cordillera, Spain)
Creators: name: Silva, Ricardo Ferreira Louro
name: Ruhl, Micha
name: Barry, Cillian
name: Reolid, MatÃ­as
name: Ruebsam, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: Geological Society of London
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Supplementary figure showing MTM analyses of the Ti/AI record (0-65m)
A systemic review of 139 reported cases of acute esophageal necrosis: an increasingly well recognized life-threatening condition
Creators: name: Abdullah, Hafez Mohammad
name: Waqas Ullah
name: Abdallah, Mohamed
name: Uzma Khan
name: Hurairah, Abu
name: Muslim Atiq
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer

description: Background: To review the characteristics and outcomes of the all the reported cases of acute esophageal necrosis. Research Methods: Databases were searched using the special Medical Subject Heading (MeSH) terms. All the available reported cases of acute esophageal necrosis were obtained and data were extracted and analyzed Results: A total of 154 cases were identified and 130 cases were analyzed. The mean age of presentation was 61 years, and 70% of cases were reported in males. The most common presenting symptoms were hematemesis in 66%, shock in 36%, melena in 33%, abdominal or substernal pain in 28%. The most common comorbidities reported were diabetes in 38%, hypertension in 37%, alcohol abuse in 25%, and chronic kidney disease in 16%. On upper endoscopy, 51% had a distal disease, 36% had pan esophageal, and only 2% had a proximal disease. 84% of patients were treated with IV Proton Pump Inhibitors, 22% received transfusions, 23% got antibiotics for underlying sepsis, 14% also received sucralfate, and 4% required surgery for treatment. The mortality rate was 32%, while perforation was reported in 5% and stricture formation reported in 9% of patients. Conclusions: Patients with acute esophageal necrosis can have a favorable outcome if treated appropriately
Cosmic Mass Functions from Gaussian Stochastic Diffusion Processes
Creators: name: Schuecker, P.
name: Boehringer, H.
name: Arzner, K.
name: Reiprich, T. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gaussian stochastic diffusion processes are used to derive cosmic mass functions. To get analytic relations previous studies exploited the sharp $k$-space filter assumption yielding zero drift terms in the corresponding Fokker-Planck (Kolmogorov's forward) equation and thus simplifying analytic treatments significantly (excursion set formalism). In the present paper methods are described to derive for given diffusion processes and Gaussian random fields the corresponding mass and filter functions by solving the Kolmogorov's forward and backward equations including nonzero drift terms. This formalism can also be used in cases with non-sharp $k$-space filters and for diffusion processes exhibiting correlations between different mass scales.
description: 17 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics, also available at http://www.xray.mpe.mpg.de/theorie/cluster/cl_publ.html
S4: Pacing of late Pliensbachian and early Toarcian carbon cycle perturbations and environmental change in the westernmost Tethys (La Cerradura section, Subbetic Zone of the Betic Cordillera, Spain)
Creators: name: Silva, Ricardo Ferreira Louro
name: Ruhl, Micha
name: Barry, Cillian
name: Reolid, MatÃ­as
name: Ruebsam, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: Geological Society of London
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Supplementary figure showing further analysis of data
Ages and Masses of 0.64 million Red Giant Branch stars from the LAMOST Galactic Spectroscopic Survey
Creators: name: Wu, Yaqian
name: Xiang, Maosheng
name: Zhao, Gang
name: Bi, Shaolan
name: Liu, Xiaowei
name: Shi, Jianrong
name: Huang, Yang
name: Yuan, Haibo
name: Wang, Chun
name: Chen, Bingqiu
name: Huo, Zhiying
name: Tian, Zhijia
name: Liu, Kang
name: Zhang, Xianfei
name: Li, Yaguang
name: Zhang, Jinghua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a catalog of stellar age and mass estimates for a sample of 640\,986 red giant branch (RGB) stars of the Galactic disk from the LAMOST Galactic Spectroscopic Survey (DR4). The RGB stars are distinguished from the red clump stars utilizing period spacing derived from the spectra with a machine learning method based on kernel principal component analysis (KPCA). Cross-validation suggests our method is capable of distinguishing RC from RGB stars with only 2 per cent contamination rate for stars with signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) higher than 50. The age and mass of these RGB stars are determined from their LAMOST spectra with KPCA method by taking the LAMOST - $Kepler$ giant stars having asteroseismic parameters and the LAMOST-TGAS sub-giant stars based on isochrones as training sets. Examinations suggest that the age and mass estimates of our RGB sample stars with SNR $>$ 30 have a median error of 30 per cent and 10 per cent, respectively. Stellar ages are found to exhibit positive vertical and negative radial gradients across the disk, and the age structure of the disk is strongly flared across the whole disk of $6
description: 16 pages, 22 figures,accepted by MNRAS
Characters for $\hat{sl(n)}_{k=1}$ from a novel Thermodynamic Bethe Ansatz
Creators: name: Suzuki, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by the recent development on the exact thermodynamics of 1D quantum systems, we propose quasi-particle like formulas for $\hat{\mathfrak{sl}(n)}_{k=1}$ characters. The $\hat{\mathfrak{sl}(2)}_{k=1}$ case is re-examined first. The novel formulation yields a direct connection to the fractional statistics in the short range interacting model, and provides a clear description of the spinon character formula. Generalizing the observation, we find formulas for $\hat{\mathfrak{sl}(n)}_{k=1}$, which can be proved by the Durfee rectangle formula.
description: 13 pages, Latex 2e
Theory of Tunneling for Rough Junctions
Creators: name: Walker, M. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A formally exact expression for the tunneling current, for its separation into specular and diffuse components, and for its directionality, is given for a thick tunnel junction with rough interfaces in terms of the properties of appropriately defined scattering amplitudes. An approximate evaluation yields the relative magnitudes of the specular and diffuse components, and the angular dependence of the diffuse component, in terms of certain statistical properties of the junction interfaces.
description: 4 pages
The effect of a modulated flux on the growth of thin films
Creators: name: Jensen, Pablo
name: Niemeyer, Bernd
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Thin films are usually obtained by depositing atoms with a continuous flux. We show that using a chopped flux changes the growth and the morphology of the film. A simple scaling analysis predicts how the island densities change as a function of the frequency of the chopped flux in simple cases where aggregation is irreversible. These predictions are confirmed by computer simulations. We show that the model can be used to obtain information on the diffusion or the evaporation of the adatoms. The model is also useful to understand the growth of thin films prepared by pulsed sources.
description: 10 pages, Revtex
S2: Pacing of late Pliensbachian and early Toarcian carbon cycle perturbations and environmental change in the westernmost Tethys (La Cerradura section, Subbetic Zone of the Betic Cordillera, Spain)
Creators: name: Silva, Ricardo Ferreira Louro
name: Ruhl, Micha
name: Barry, Cillian
name: Reolid, MatÃ­as
name: Ruebsam, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: Geological Society of London
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Supplementary figure showing MTM analyses of Rb-record (0-65m)
Chemical composition and antibacterial activities of essential oils from rhizomes and aerial parts of Homalomena cochinchinensis (Araceae)
Creators: name: Van, Hong Thien
name: Le, Nhat Tam
name: Huynh, Nguyen Tuong An
name: Vo, Huy Sang
name: Le, Thanh Tho
name: Van Chu, Hai
name: Truong, Huynh Anh Vu
name: Nguyen, Quoc Hung
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry

description: In this study, the phytochemical composition and antibacterial activity of the essential oils isolated from the rhizomes and the aerial parts of Homalomena cochinchinensis were analysed for the first time using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and disk diffusion method. Consequently, 36 constituents were reported from H. cochinchinensis rhizomes, including linalool (57.4%), terpinen-4-ol (10.6%), α-sabinene (4.2%) as major compounds. Meanwhile, 30 compounds have been identified in the essential oil of the aerial parts of H. cochinchinensis, which myrcene (41.1%), sabinene (8.2%), D-limonene (9.1%) were the main constituents. Furthermore, the antibacterial activity of the essential oil from the rhizomes of the studied species could inhibit the growth of all six tested bacterial strains, including Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella enteritidis and Salmonella typhimurium whereas the essential oil from the aerial parts was proved to be able to inhibit the growth of five bacterial strains except S. enteritidis.
Strong localization of electrons in quasi-one-dimensional conductors
Creators: name: Khavin, Yu. B.
name: Gershenson, M. E.
name: Bogdanov, A. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the experimental study of electron transport in sub-micron-wide ''wires'' fabricated from Si $δ$-doped GaAs. These quasi-one-dimensional (Q1D) conductors demonstrate the crossover from weak to strong localization with decreasing the temperature. On the insulating side of the crossover, the resistance has been measured as a function of temperature, magnetic field, and applied voltage for different values of the electron concentration, which was varied by applying the gate voltage. The activation temperature dependence of the resistance has been observed with the activation energy close to the mean energy spacing of electron states within the localization domain. The study of non-linearity of the current-voltage characteristics provides information on the distance between the critical hops which govern the resistance of Q1D conductors in the strong localization (SL) regime. We observe the exponentially strong negative magnetoresistance; this orbital magnetoresistance is due to the universal magnetic-field dependence of the localization length in Q1D conductors. The method of measuring of the single-particle density of states (DoS) in the SL regime has been suggested. Our data indicate that there is a minimum of DoS at the Fermi level due to the long-range Coulomb interaction.
description: 12 pages, 11 figures; the final version to appear in Phys. Rev. B