cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Robust strategic planning for mobile medical units with steerable and unsteerable demands
Creators: name: Büsing, Christina
name: Comis, Martin
name: Schmidt, Eva
name: Streicher, Manuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C69, 90B50, 90B80, 90C10, 90C90

description: Mobile medical units (MMUs) are customized vehicles fitted with medical equipment that are used to provide primary care in rural environments. As MMUs can be easily relocated, they enable a demand-oriented, flexible, and local provision of health services. In this paper, we investigate the strategic planning of an MMU service by deciding where MMU operation sites should be set up and how often these should be serviced. To that end, we study the strategic planning problem for MMUs (SPMMU) $-$ a capacitated set covering problem that includes existing practices and two types of patient demands: (i) steerable demands representing patients who seek health services through a centralized appointment system and can be steered to any treatment facility within a given consideration set and (ii) unsteerable demands representing walk-in patients who always visit the closest available treatment facility. We propose an integer linear program for the SPMMU that can be solved via Benders decomposition and constraint generation. Starting from this formulation, we focus on the uncertain version of the problem in which steerable and unsteerable demands are modeled as random variables that may vary within a given interval. Using methods from robust optimization and duality theory, we devise exact constraint generation methods to solve the robust counterparts for interval and budgeted uncertainty sets. All our results transfer to the session-specific SPMMU and we evaluate our models in a computational study based on a set of instances generated from a rural primary care system in Germany.
Searching for Intergalactic Shocks with the SKA
Creators: name: Keshet, Uri
name: Waxman, Eli
name: Loeb, Abraham
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Strong intergalactic shocks are a natural consequence of structure formation in the universe. These shocks are expected to deposit large fractions of their energy in relativistic electrons (xi_e~0.05 of the thermal energy according to supernova remnant observations) and magnetic fields (xi_B~0.01 according to cluster halo observations). We discuss the expected synchrotron emission from such shocks, and the observational consequences for next generation radio telescopes such as the Square Kilometer Array. We present an analytical model, calibrated and verified based on a hydrodynamical LCDM simulation. The resulting signal composes a large fraction (up to a few 10%) of the extragalactic radio background below 500 MHz. The associated angular fluctuations, e.g. delta T_l>260(xi_e*xi_B/5*10^-4)(nu/100 MHz)^-3 K for multipoles 4003*10^-4. The fluctuating signal is most pronounced for nu<500 MHz, dominating the sky there even for xi_e*xi_B=5*10^-5. We find that the signal is easily observable by next generation telescopes such as the SKA, and marginally observable with present telescopes. The signal may be identified using cross-correlations with tracers of large-scale structure (e.g. gamma-ray emission from intergalactic shocks). Detection of the signal will provide the first identification of intergalactic shocks and of the warm-hot intergalactic medium (believed to contain most of the baryons in the low redshift universe), and gauge the unknown intergalactic magnetic field.
description: to be published in "Astrophysics with the Square Kilometer Array", eds. C. Carilli and S. Rawlings
Resource dependency and survivability in complex networks
Creators: name: Ingale, Madhusudan
name: Shekatkar, Snehal M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Components in many real-world complex systems depend on each other for the resources required for survival, and may die of a shortage. These patterns of dependencies often take the form of a complex network whose structure potentially affects how the resources produced in the system are efficiently shared among its components, which in turn decides a network's survivability. Here we present a simple threshold model that provides insight into this relationship between the network structure and survivability. We show that, as a combined effect of local sharing and finite lifetime of resources, many components in a complex system may die of lack of resources even when sufficient amount is available in the system. We also obtain a surprising result that although the scale-free networks exhibit a significantly higher survivability compared to their homogeneous counterparts, a vertex in the later survives longer on average. Finally, we demonstrate that the system's survivability can be substantially improved by changing the way vertices distribute resources among the neighbours. Our work is a step towards understanding the relationship between intricate resource dependencies present in many real-world complex systems and their survivability.
description: 8 pages, 9 figures. Code is freely available at https://gitlab.com/snehalshekatkar/dependency-networks
Correcting the influence of an asymmetric line spread function in 2-degree Field spectrograph data
Creators: name: Martin, N. F.
name: Ibata, R. A.
name: Conn, B. C.
name: Irwin, M. J.
name: Lewis, G. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the role of asymmetries in the line spread function of the 2-degree field spectrograph and the variations in these asymmetries with the CCD, the plate, the time of observation and the fibre. A data-reduction pipeline is developed that takes these deformations into account for the calibration and cross-correlation of the spectra. We show that, using the emission lines of calibration lamp observations, we can fit the line spread function with the sum of two Gaussian functions representing the theoretical signal and a perturbation of the system. This model is then used to calibrate the spectra and generate templates by downgrading high resolution spectra. Thus, we can cross-correlate the observed spectra with templates degraded in the same way. Our reduction pipeline is tested on real observations and provides a significant improvement in the accuracy of the radial velocities obtained. In particular, the systematic errors that were as high as ~20 km/s when applying the AAO reduction package 2dfDR are now reduced to ~5 km/s. Even though the 2-degree Field spectrograph is to be decommissioned at the end of 2005, the analysis of archival data and previous studies could be improved by the reduction procedure we propose here.
description: 9 pages, 9 figures, accepted to PASA, minor changes
Assessment of Environment Impact of CAP Reforms on European Agricultural Production Efficiency
Creators: name: Serrao, Amilcar
name: Serrao, Amilcar
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Data Envelopment Analysis
subject: Performance Measurement
subject: Undesirable Outputs
subject: Technological Dependence
subject: Goal Programming
subject: Common Agricultural Policy

description: The studies of performance and production efficiency have ignored additional products of most transformation processes classified as undesirable outputs. Without the inclusion of the undesirable outputs, the efficiency measurement is a purely technical measure, and it does not account for the interaction of the system with the environment and the impact of policy decisions on the system. Moreover, there are technological dependencies between the desirable and the undesirable outputs which have to be included in the analytical tools used to measure efficiency. The relationships between the desirable and the undesirable outputs motivate the exploration of new areas of the measurement of efficiency to incorporate policy decisions and address new issues. This research develops a formulation that uses goal programming in conjunction with Data Envelopment analysis – known as GoDEA approach – to deal with the conflict between the desirable and the undesirable outputs. This approach is used to assess the environment impact of the Agenda 2000 and the 2003 Common Agricultural Policy reform on agricultural production in fifteen European countries. Model results show that the 2003 CAP reform strengthens environmental policies and has a better performance than the Agenda 2000 for some European countries. The North and Central European countries have been dealing better with environmental issues than the Mediterranean countries.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF TEACHING KARAKALPK LITERARY MATERIALS BASED ON BLOOM'S TAONOMY IN CLASSES WITH INSTRUCTION IN OTHER LANGUAGES (USING LYRIC AS AN EXAMPLE)
Creators: name: Mambetova, Gulchexra
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: In this article, the effectiveness of teaching Karakalpak literature materials, including lyrical works, Based on Bloom’s Taxonomy in classes where education is conducted in languages other than the state language, was studied theoretical and practically.
Energy Efficiency and Shadow Costs of Energy Saving in Conventional Agricultural Production: The Case of Czech Wheat Production
Creators: name: Curtiss, Jarmila
name: Jelinek, Ladislav
name: Curtiss, Jarmila
name: Jelinek, Ladislav
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Production Economics
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: Energy efficiency
subject: cost efficiency
subject: shadow cost of energy saving
subject: agriculture
subject: Czech farm
subject: wheat production

description: Increasing worldwide energy demand and diminishing supplies of fossil fuels have necessitated the development and increasing use of new sustainable energy sources, as well as more parsimonious energy use. In the context of agriculture, research has focused predominantly on the production of bio-energy, while only a limited number of studies have investigated the energy use and possible energy saving in conventional agricultural production. In response to this lack in empirical research this study aims (i) to measure the farm-level energy and cost efficiency of conventional agricultural (wheat) production, (ii) to identify the potential for energy saving in conventional agriculture and quantify its shadow cost, (iii) to identify production technologies and managerial practices that reduce total energy use. We adjusted the method by Coelli, Lauwers, Van Huylenbroeck (2007) introducing analogy between cost and nutrient minimization to measure energy use reduction potential and its costs. The analysis was carried out on survey data for 95 farms for production year 2007/08. Energy coefficients for individual non-renewable inputs were derived from the PLANETE methodology (Méthode Pour L'Analyse EnergéTique de l'Exploitation) developed by SOLAGRO. We applied data envelopment analysis to estimate energy and cost optima and efficiencies, and truncated regression to identify statistically significant determinants of energy efficiency. We found significant differences in energy consumption per unit of wheat production among Czech farms - best producers consume 46% less energy per unit of production than average producers, however, from that ca. 30% is due to variation in production conditions. Marked share of energy inefficiency (over 50% of potential energy savings) originates in technical efficiency, which offers simultaneous cost savings. Producing wheat in energy optimum would increase costs by 9% when compared to cost optimum. The largest potential of energy savings was found in fuel, and fertilizers and other chemicals. Regression analysis implies that use of more fuel-efficient machinery or machinery with other energy-saving technical parameters (e.g., higher utility weight) and optimizing material transport could increase energy efficiency, while some commonly applied technological practices (such as conventional soil preparation) have a negative energy efficiency effects.
Plasmoid-dominated Turbulent Reconnection in a Low $β$ Plasma
Creators: name: Zenitani, Seiji
name: Miyoshi, Takahiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Properties of plasmoid-dominated turbulent reconnection in a low-$β$ background plasma are investigated by resistive magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations. In the $β_{\rm in} < 1$ regime, where $β_{\rm in}$ is plasma $β$ in the inflow region, the reconnection site is dominated by shocks and shock-related structures and plasma compression is significant. The effective reconnection rate increases from $0.01$ to $0.02$ as $β_{\rm in}$ decreases. We hypothesize that plasma compression allows faster reconnection rate, and then we estimate a speed-up factor, based on a compressible MHD theory. We validate our prediction by a series of MHD simulations. These results suggest that the plasmoid-dominated reconnection can be twice faster than expected in the $β\ll 1$ environment in a solar corona.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures; f90 codes are attached; see ancillary files in the "Other formats" link
Hierarchical macro-nanoporous metals for leakage-free high-thermal conductivity shape-stabilized phase change materials
Creators: name: Grosu, Yaroslav
name: Zhao, Yanqi
name: Giacomello, Alberto
name: Meloni, Simone
name: Dauvergne, Jean-Luc
name: Nikulin, Artem
name: Palomo, Elena
name: Ding, Yulong
name: Faik, Abdessamad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Impregnation of Phase Change Materials (PCMs) into a porous medium is a promising way to stabilize their shape and improve thermal conductivity which are essential for thermal energy storage and thermal management of small-size applications, such as electronic devices or batteries. However, in these composites a general understanding of how leakage is related to the characteristics of the porous material is still lacking. As a result, the energy density and the antileakage capability are often antagonistically coupled. In this work we overcome the current limitations, showing that a high energy density can be reached together with superior anti-leakage performance by using hierarchical macro-nanoporous metals for PCMs impregnation. By analyzing capillary phenomena and synthesizing a new type of material, it was demonstrated that a hierarchical trimodal macro-nanoporous metal (copper) provides superior antileakage capability (due to strong capillary forces of nanopores), high energy density (90vol% of PCM load due to macropores) and improves the charging/discharging kinetics, due to a three-fold enhancement of thermal conductivity. It was further demonstrated by CFD simulations that such a composite can be used for thermal management of a battery pack and unlike pure PCM it is capable of maintaining the maximum temperature below the safety limit. The present results pave the way for the application of hierarchical macro-nanoporous metals for high-energy density, leakage-free, and shape-stabilized PCMs with enhanced thermal conductivity. These innovative composites can significantly facilitate the thermal management of compact systems such as electronic devices or high-power batteries by improving their efficiency, durability and sustainability
Atomic theory methods for the polarization in photon and electron interactions with atoms
Creators: name: Kupliauskiene, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An alternative method to the density matrix formalism for the derivation of general expressions of the interaction of polarized atoms with polarized photons and electrons is presented. The expression for the cross-section describing the polarization states of all particles taking part in the process are obtained in the form of an expansion via irreducible tensors that have the most simplest possible behaviour under changes of directions. The ways of the application of the general expressions suitable for the specific experimental conditions are outlined by deriving asymmetry parameters of the angular distributions of photoelectrons and Auger electrons following photoionization as well as the parameters of the angular correlations between photo- and Auger electrons.
description: 19 pages
РОЛЬ ИННОВАЦИЙ И ЦИФРОВИЗАЦИИ В УСТОЙЧИВОМ ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОМ РОСТЕ УЗБЕКИСТАНА: ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ И ВЫЗОВЫ В РАМКАХ СТРАТЕГИИ 2030
Creators: name: Исмоилхўжаева Комилахон Ғани қизи Ташкентского государственного стоматологического института Стоматологические специальности  магистр 1 курса
name: Умарова Дилорам Арифовна  Доцент кафедры социальных наук и биоэтики Ташкентского государственного стоматологического института
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: В условиях глобальных экономических изменений и технологических трансформаций цифровизация и инновации становятся важнейшими факторами устойчивого роста экономики Узбекистана. В рамках стратегии развития страны до 2030 года внедрение высоких технологий и цифровых решений направлено на повышение производительности, улучшение качества государственного управления и создание конкурентоспособной экономики. Однако, успешная реализация цифровых преобразований сталкивается с рядом вызовов, таких как нехватка квалифицированных кадров, необходимость модернизации инфраструктуры и преодоление барьеров для внедрения новых технологий в традиционные отрасли. Тезис рассматривает роль инноваций и цифровизации как ключевых факторов устойчивого развития, анализирует перспективы их внедрения в различные отрасли экономики и определяет основные вызовы, стоящие перед Узбекистаном на пути к цифровой трансформации.
Dynamics of Rod like Particles in Supercooled Liquids -- Probing Dynamic Heterogeneity and Amorphous Order
Creators: name: Mutneja, Anoop
name: Karmakar, Smarajit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Probing dynamic and static correlation in glass-forming supercooled liquids has been a challenge for decades in spite of extensive research. Dynamic correlation which manifests itself as Dynamic Heterogeneity is ubiquitous in a vast variety of systems starting from molecular glass-forming liquids, dense colloidal systems to collections of cells. On the other hand, the mere concept of static correlation in these dense disordered systems remain somewhat elusive and its existence is still actively debated. We propose a novel method to extract both dynamic and static correlations using rod-like particles as probe. This method can be implemented in molecular glass-forming liquids in experiments as well as in other soft matter systems including biologically relevant systems. We also rationalize the observed log-normal like distribution of rotational decorrelation time of elongated probe molecules in reported experimental studies along with a proposal of a novel methodology to extract dynamic and static correlation lengths in experiments.
Effects of Family, Friends, and Relative Prices on Fruit and Vegetable Consumption by African American Youths
Creators: name: Zhylyevskyy, Oleksandr
name: Jensen, Helen H.
name: Garasky, Steven B.
name: Cutrona, Carolyn E.
name: Gibbons, Frederick X.
name: Zhylyevskyy, Oleksandr
name: Jensen, Helen H.
name: Garasky, Steven B.
name: Cutrona, Carolyn E.
name: Gibbons, Frederick X.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Health Economics and Policy
subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: social interactions
subject: healthy food choices
subject: fruit and vegetable consumption
subject: African American youth

description: Facilitating healthy eating among young people, particularly among minorities who are at high risk for gaining excess weight, is at the forefront of current policy discussions and food program reviews. We investigate the effects of social interactions and relative prices on fruit and vegetable consumption by African American youths using rich behavioral data from the Family and Community Health Study and area-specific food prices. We find the presence of endogenous effects between a youth and parent, but not between a youth and friend. Lower relative prices of fruits and vegetables tend to increase intakes. Results suggest that health interventions targeting a family member may be an effective way to increase fruit and vegetable intake by African Americans as a result of spillover consumption effects between the youths and parents.
Fitting the HiRes Spectra and Monocular Composition
Creators: name: Bergman, Douglas R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper consists of two sections. In the first section, we discuss our fits to the latest HiRes monocular spectra. We find that the best fit for the extragalactic component has a spectral index of $γ=-2.38\pm0.04$ with a distribution of sources varying with a evolution parameter $m=2.8\pm0.3$. In the second section, we discuss preliminary results from a new composition measurement using HiRes monocular data. We find a predominantly light spectrum above $10^{17.6}$ eV.
description: 6 pages, 8 figures; to appear in the proceedings of CRIS 2004, Catania, Italy, 31 May - 4 June 2004
Species Collection and Trait Data from Evidence that eye-facing photophores serve as a reference for counterillumination in an order of deep-sea fishes
Creators: name: Davis, Alexander L.
name: Sutton, Tracey T.
name: Kier, William M.
name: Johnsen, Sönke
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Ecology

description: This file contains information about the specimens used in this study, including museum numbers and trawl data. It also contains the presence/absence data for the eye-facing photophore and counterillumination.
Band filling and interband scattering effects in MgB$_2$: C vs Al doping
Creators: name: Kortus, Jens
name: Dolgov, Oleg V.
name: Kremer, Reinhard K.
name: Golubov, Alexander A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We argue, based on band structure calculations and Eliashberg theory, that the observed decrease of $T_c$ of Al and C doped MgB$_2$ samples can be understood mainly in terms of a band filling effect due to the electron doping by Al and C. A simple scaling of the electron-phonon coupling constant $λ$ by the variation of the density of states as function of electron doping is sufficient to capture the experimentally observed behavior. Further, we also explain the long standing open question of the experimental observation of a nearly constant $π$ gap as function of doping by a compensation of the effect of band filling and interband scattering. Both effects together generate a nearly constant $π$ gap and shift the merging point of both gaps to higher doping concentrations, resolving the discrepancy between experiment and theoretical predictions based on interband scattering only.
description: accepted by PRL
The Impact of CO2 Emission Cuts on Income
Creators: name: Zhao, Xiaobing
name: Zhao, Xiaobing
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Carbon Dioxide Emissions
subject: Income
subject: Global Warming
subject: Production Function

description: We study how carbon dioxide (CO2) emission cuts affect income for 23 OECD countries over the 1980-2004 period. The importance of this question is manifested in the disagreements at the 2009 United Nations Climate Change Conference in Copenhagen and the 2010 State of the Union Address by United States President Barack Obama. We start by deriving an income-CO2 relationship based on a structural production function, which is a natural way to model the relationship among income, energy consumption, and CO2 emissions. We then use a similar empirical methodology as Tucker (1995) to estimate the income-CO2 relationship. Such an approach not only allows us to focus on the long-run relationship but also enables us to project the relationship between income and CO2 emissions for future years. Our findings suggest that the economic cost of CO2 emission cuts is significant. To reduce emissions 50% below 1990 levels by 2050, the economic cost per year for developed countries is about 0.3% reduction in GDP per capita which represents a 15% slowdown in economic growth.
Efficient synthesis of some pyrimidine and thiazolidine derivatives bearing quinoline scaffold under microwave irradiation
Creators: name: El-Naggar, Abeer M.
name: Ramadan, Sayed K.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: An efficient and facile approach for the synthesis of new quinoline derivatives was accomplished via reactions of 2-chloroquinoline-3-carbaldehyde with active methylene compounds, for example, 1,3-dimethylbarbituric acid, thiobarbituric acid and 2,4-dioxothiazolidine and aromatic amines through one-pot multi-component reaction (MCR) as sources of pyrimidine and thiazolidine derivatives bearing quinoline moiety. All compounds were synthesized via conventional and Microwave Irradiation conditions. The best results (short reaction times, pure products, high yield) were obtained by microwave irradiation. The synthesized derivatives were characterized by various physicochemical and spectral techniques from their analytical and spectral data.
Additional file 1 of Hematologists’ barriers and enablers to screening and recruiting patients to a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy trial: a theory-informed interview study
Creators: name: Gisell Castillo
name: Lalu, Manoj
name: Asad, Sarah
name: Foster, Madison
name: Kekre, Natasha
name: Fergusson, Dean
name: Hawrysh, Terry
name: Atkins, Harold
name: Kednapa Thavorn
name: Montroy, Joshua
name: Schwartz, Stuart
name: Holt, Robert
name: Raewyn Broady
name: Presseau, Justin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1:. Physician interview guide.
European underground laboratories: An overview
Creators: name: Miramonti, Lino
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Underground laboratories are complementary to those where the research in fundamental physics is made using accelerators. This report focus on the logistic and on the background features of the most relevant laboratories in Europe, stressing also on the low background facilities available. In particular the report is focus on the laboratories involved in the new Europeean project ILIAS with the aim to support the European large infrastructures operating in the astroparticle physics area.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures, Invited talk: Topical Workshop in Low Radioactivity Techniques (Sudbury, Canada) December 12-14, 2004. To be publish in AIP conference proceedings
Cosmological constraints on late-universe decaying dark matter as a solution to the $H_0$ tension
Creators: name: Clark, Steven J.
name: Vattis, Kyriakos
name: Koushiappas, Savvas M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has been suggested that late-universe dark matter decays can alleviate the tension between measurements of $H_0$ in the local universe and its value inferred from cosmic microwave background fluctuations. It has been suggested that decaying dark matter can potentially account for this discrepancy as it reshuffles the energy density between matter and radiation and as a result allows dark energy to become dominant at earlier times. In this work, we show that the low multipole amplitude of the cosmic microwave background anisotropy power spectrum severely constrains the feasibility of late-time decays as a solution to the $H_0$ tension.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures; Replaced with version accepted for publication in PRD
Core and intersection number for group actions on trees
Creators: name: Guirardel, Vincent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We present the construction of some kind of "convex core" for the product of two actions of a group on $\bbR$-trees. This geometric construction allows to generalize and unify the intersection number of two curves or of two measured foliations on a surface, Scott's intersection number of splittings, and the apparition of surfaces in Fujiwara-Papasoglu's construction of the JSJ splitting. In particular, this construction allows a topological interpretation of the intersection number analogous to the definition for curves in surfaces. As an application of this construction, we prove that an irreducible automorphism of the free group whose stable and unstable trees are geometric, is actually induced a pseudo-Anosov homeomorphism on a surface.
Guided modes and terahertz transitions for two-dimensional Dirac fermions in a smooth double-well potential
Creators: name: Hartmann, R. R.
name: Portnoi, M. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The double-well problem for the two-dimensional Dirac equation is solved for a family of quasi-one-dimensional potentials in terms of confluent Heun functions. We demonstrate that for a double well separated by a barrier, both the energy level splitting associated with the wavefunction overlap of well states, and the gap size of the avoided crossings associated with well and barrier state repulsion, can be controlled via the parameters of the potential. The transitions between the two states comprising a doublet, as well as transitions across the pseudo-gaps are strongly allowed, highly anisotropic, and for realistic graphene devices can be tuned to fall within the highly desirable terahertz frequency range.
description: 26 pages, 6 figures
Additional file 3 of Hematologists’ barriers and enablers to screening and recruiting patients to a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy trial: a theory-informed interview study
Creators: name: Gisell Castillo
name: Lalu, Manoj
name: Asad, Sarah
name: Foster, Madison
name: Kekre, Natasha
name: Fergusson, Dean
name: Hawrysh, Terry
name: Atkins, Harold
name: Kednapa Thavorn
name: Montroy, Joshua
name: Schwartz, Stuart
name: Holt, Robert
name: Raewyn Broady
name: Presseau, Justin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 3:. Physician subthemes.
title: Location recommendations from user mobile trajectories
Creators: name: Weydemann, Leonard Felix Amedeo
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Geografische Empfehlungssysteme
subject: Empfehlungssysteme
subject: Fairness
subject: Location Recommenders
subject: Recommender Systems
subject: Fairness

description: Location Recommenders (LR) are location based recommender systems which use locations from historic user trajectories to recommend new places such as locations of sights, museums, or other places of interest by learning past preferences. In this work we analyze the viability of different LR models to be used with mobile hotspots which are handed out to tourists in different hotels in the city of Vienna. As these devices can be potentially used by thousands of users at any given time, we explore different methods of data collection, management and visualization. Whenever systems are used in assisting humans with their decision processes, the implications of algorithmically made recommendations need to be analyzed. For LR fairness can be defined for both users and locations, as both can be subject to unfairness. We propose a framework in which multiple fairness aspects can be formulated. We compare the LR in three fairness aspects formulated in the framework and their predictive accuracy, to give a final assessment of which LR is preferable in this scenario.
Stabilization and Controlled Association of Inorganic Nanoparticles using Block Copolymers
Creators: name: Yokota, K.
name: Morvan, M.
name: Berret, J. -F.
name: Oberdisse, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the structural properties of mixed aggregates made from rare-earth inorganic nanoparticles (radius 20 Angstroms) and polyelectrolyte-neutral block copolymers in aqueous solutions. Using scattering experiments and Monte Carlo simulations, we show that these mixed aggregates have a hierarchical core-shell microstructure. The core is made of densely packed nanoparticles and it is surrounded by a corona of neutral chains. This microstructure results from a process of controlled association and confers to the hybrid aggregates a remarkable colloidal stability.
description: 14 pages, 5 figures
Spectral Bias and Task-Model Alignment Explain Generalization in Kernel Regression and Infinitely Wide Neural Networks
Creators: name: Canatar, Abdulkadir
name: Bordelon, Blake
name: Pehlevan, Cengiz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Generalization beyond a training dataset is a main goal of machine learning, but theoretical understanding of generalization remains an open problem for many models. The need for a new theory is exacerbated by recent observations in deep neural networks where overparameterization leads to better performance, contradicting the conventional wisdom from classical statistics. In this paper, we investigate generalization error for kernel regression, which, besides being a popular machine learning method, also includes infinitely overparameterized neural networks trained with gradient descent. We use techniques from statistical mechanics to derive an analytical expression for generalization error applicable to any kernel or data distribution. We present applications of our theory to real and synthetic datasets, and for many kernels including those that arise from training deep neural networks in the infinite-width limit. We elucidate an inductive bias of kernel regression to explain data with "simple functions", which are identified by solving a kernel eigenfunction problem on the data distribution. This notion of simplicity allows us to characterize whether a kernel is compatible with a learning task, facilitating good generalization performance from a small number of training examples. We show that more data may impair generalization when noisy or not expressible by the kernel, leading to non-monotonic learning curves with possibly many peaks. To further understand these phenomena, we turn to the broad class of rotation invariant kernels, which is relevant to training deep neural networks in the infinite-width limit, and present a detailed mathematical analysis of them when data is drawn from a spherically symmetric distribution and the number of input dimensions is large.
description: Accepted for publication in Nature Communications. SI Eq.71 is corrected
Production of place : community, conflict and belonging at Wreck Beach
Creators: name: Hemsing, Natalie
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The preservation goals of the Wreck Beach Preservation Society (WBPS) are explored through an analysis of the production of place and nature at Wreck Beach. Present social uses are contextualized, tracing historical uses of the area, including: Musqueam First Nations use, resource extraction, military defense, and finally recreational use and political contest. Information collected from WBPS meetings and conversations with beach regulars is analyzed, presenting social uses of the beach as naturalized, yet often contradictory. Wreck Beach provides an intriguing site of analysis as a place marked by years of defense against urban encroachment, with the beach and the values of the WBPS defined in relation to urbanity—as a proximal site of refuge. Preservation of this place (and thus a particular re-production of place) is inherently tied to the promotion and maintenance of social belonging for the WBPS and supportive beach regulars. For example, as a clothing-optional beach, the perception and preservation of nature at Wreck Beach is bound to understandings of the naked body as natural. Struggles for preservation are struggles to consolidate identities continually carved through the production of place. Responding to marginalization, the WBPS strives to legitimate their role as preservers, and belonging at Wreck Beach.
Computational insight into diatomic molecules as probes to measure the variation of the proton-to-electron mass ratio
Creators: name: Syme, Anna-Maree
name: McKemmish, Laura K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Astrophysical molecular spectroscopy is an important means of searching for new physics through probing the variation of the proton-to-electron mass ratio, $μ$. New molecular probes could provide tighter constraints on the variation of $μ$ and better direction for theories of new physics. Here we summarise our previous paper \citep{19SyMoCu.CN} for astronomers, highlighting the importance of accurate estimates of peak molecular abundance and temperature as well as spectral resolution and sensitivity of telescopes in different regions of the electromagnetic spectrum. Whilst none of the 11 astrophysical diatomic molecules we investigated showed enhanced sensitive rovibronic transitions at observable intensities for astrophysical environments, we have gained a better understanding of the factors that contribute to high sensitivities. From our results, CN, CP, SiN and SiC have shown the most promise of all astrophysical diatomic molecules for further investigation, with further work currently being done on CN.
TA'LIM JARAYONIDA CHATBOTLARDAN FOYDALANISH AFZALLIKLARI VA SOHADAGI KACHILIKLAR
Creators: name: Namangan Davlat Pedagogika Insituti Pedagogika va psixologiya kafedrasi "Pedagogika nazariyasi va tarixi" mutaxassisligi 1-bosqich magistranti Ismailova Lola Abdumajid qizi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Hozirgi kunda ta’lim tizimida sun’iy intellekt texnologiyalaridan keng foydalanish kuzatilmoqda. Ushbu maqolada chatbotlarning ta’lim jarayoniga ta’siri, ularning afzalliklari va kamchiliklari, shuningdek, xalqaro va milliy tajribalar tahlil qilingan. Tadqiqot davomida chatbotlarning interaktiv o‘qitishdagi roli, raqamli ta’lim tizimidagi imkoniyatlari va o‘quv jarayonini optimallashtirishga qo‘shayotgan hissasi o‘rganildi. Shu bilan birga, chatbotlardan samarali foydalanish uchun tavsiyalar ishlab chiqildi va ularning pedagogik jarayonga moslashtirish yo‘llari ko‘rib chiqildi. Tadqiqot natijalari ta’lim sifatini oshirishda chatbotlarning muhim vosita ekanligini ko‘rsatadi.

Kalit so‘zlar: chatbotlar, sun’iy intellekt, raqamli ta’lim, interaktiv o‘qitish, ta’lim texnologiyalari, innovatsion pedagogika.
Interactions between Polymers and Nanoparticles : Formation of Supermicellar Hybrid Aggregates
Creators: name: Berret, J. -F.
name: Yokota, K.
name: Morvan, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When polyelectrolyte-neutral block copolymers are mixed in solutions to oppositely charged species (e.g. surfactant micelles, macromolecules, proteins etc), there is the formation of stable supermicellar aggregates combining both components. The resulting colloidal complexes exhibit a core-shell structure and the mechanism yielding to their formation is electrostatic self-assembly. In this contribution, we report on the structural properties of supermicellar aggregates made from yttrium-based inorganic nanoparticles (radius 2 nm) and polyelectrolyte-neutral block copolymers in aqueous solutions. The yttrium hydroxyacetate particles were chosen as a model system for inorganic colloids, and also for their use in industrial applications as precursors for ceramic and opto-electronic materials. The copolymers placed under scrutiny are the water soluble and asymmetric poly(sodium acrylate)poly(acrylamide) diblocks. Using static and dynamical light scattering experiments, we demonstrate the analogy between surfactant micelles and nanoparticles in the complexation phenomenon with oppositely charged polymers. We also determine the sizes and the aggregation numbers of the hybrid organic-inorganic complexes. Several additional properties are discussed, such as the remarkable stability of the hybrid aggregates and the dependence of their sizes on the mixing conditions.
description: 26 pages, 7 figures, 1 table
An efficient and scalable approach for the synthesis of piperazine based glitazone and its derivatives
Creators: name: Sharma, Vijay Kumar
name: Anup Barde
name: Rattan, Sunita
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology

description: A versatile and efficient synthetic approach has been developed for the synthesis of piperazine based glitazones analogous to Lobeglitazone. Desired compounds were synthesized with good yields by alkylation of piperazine substrate with various carbonyl compounds. This substrate has the potential for the construction of novel heterocyclic compounds with medicinal importance.
Applying saliency-map analysis in searches for pulsars and fast radio bursts
Creators: name: Zhang, C.
name: Wang, C.
name: Hobbs, G.
name: Russell, C. J.
name: Li, D.
name: Zhang, S. -B.
name: Dai, S.
name: Wu, J. -W.
name: Pan, Z. -C.
name: Zhu, W. -W.
name: Toomey, L.
name: Ren, Z. -Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To investigate the use of saliency-map analysis to aid in searches for transient signals, such as fast radio bursts and individual pulses from radio pulsars. We aim to demonstrate that saliency maps provide the means to understand predictions from machine learning algorithms and can be implemented in piplines used to search for transient events. We have implemented a new deep learning methodology to predict whether or not any segment of the data contains a transient event. The algorithm has been trained using real and simulated data sets. We demonstrate that the algorithm is able to identify such events. The output results are visually analysed via the use of saliency maps. We find that saliency maps can produce an enhanced image of any transient feature without the need for de-dispersion or removal of radio frequency interference. Such maps can be used to understand which features in the image were used in making the machine learning decision and to visualise the transient event. Even though the algorithm reported here was developed to demonstrate saliency-map analysis, we have detected, in archival data, a single burst event with dispersion measure of $41$\,cm$^{-3}$pc that is not associated with any currently known pulsar.
description: 16 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
Additional file 1 of Health care providers’ experiences of pain management and attitudes towards digitally supported self-management interventions for chronic pain: a qualitative study
Creators: name: Varsi, Cecilie
name: Solem, Ingrid Konstanse Ledel
name: Eide, Hilde
name: Børøsund, Elin
name: Olöf B. Kristjansdottir
name: Heldal, Karina
name: Waxenberg, Lori B.
name: Weiss, Karen E.
name: Karlein M. G. Schreurs
name: Eleshia J. Morrison
name: Stubhaug, Audun
name: Nes, Lise Solberg
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Semi-structured interview guide for interviews with health care providers
Process tomography of Robust Dynamical Decoupling in Superconducting Qubits
Creators: name: Souza, Alexandre M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dynamical decoupling is a technique that protects qubits against noise. The ability to preserve quantum coherence in the presence of noise is essential for the development of quantum devices. Here the Rigetti quantum computing platform was used to test different dynamical decoupling sequences. The performance of the sequences was characterized by Quantum Process Tomography and analyzed using the quantum channels formalism. It is shown that dynamical decoupling can reduce qubit dephasing but cannot protect against spontaneous emission. Furthermore, from process tomography results, it was also possible to conclude that the action of dynamical decoupling cannot be understood as a simple modification of the qubit coherence time. It is also shown here that the performance of dynamical decoupling on the Rigetti's qubits is limited by pulse imperfections. However, the performance can be improved using robust dynamical decoupling, i.e. sequences that are robust against experimental imperfections. The sequences tested here outperformed previous dynamical decoupling sequences tested in the same platform.
Zeros of differential polynomials in real meromorphic functions
Creators: name: Bergweiler, W.
name: Eremenko, A.
name: Langley, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 30D30

description: We show that for a real transcendental meromorphic function f, the differential polynomial f'+f^m with m > 4 has infinitely many non-real zeros. Similar results are obtained for differential polynomials f'f^m-1. We specially investigate the case of meromorphic functions with finitely many poles. We show by examples the precision of our results. One of our main tools is the Fatou theorem from complex dynamics.
description: 18 pages