cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Photonic two-qubit parity gate with tiny cross-Kerr nonlinearity
Creators: name: Wang, Xin-Wen
name: Zhang, Deng-Yu
name: Tang, Shi-Qing
name: Xie, Li-Jun
name: Wang, Zhi-Yong
name: Kuang, Le-Man
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The cross-Kerr nonlinearity (XKNL) effect can induce efficient photon interactions in principle with which photonic multiqubit gates can be performed using far fewer physical resources than linear optical schemes. Unfortunately, it is extremely challenging to generate giant cross-Kerr nonlinearities. In recent years, much effort has been made to perform multiqubit gates via weak XKNLs. However, the required nonlinearity strengths are still difficult to achieve in the experiment. We here propose an XKNL-based scheme for realizing a two-photon polarization-parity gate, a universal two-qubit gate, in which the required strength of the nonlinearity could be orders of magnitude weaker than those required for previous schemes. The scheme utilizes a ring cavity fed by a coherent state as a quantum information bus which interacts with a path mode of the two polarized photons (qubits). The XKNL effect makes the bus pick up a phase shift dependent on the photon number of the path mode. Even when the potential phase shifts are very small they can be effectively measured using photon-number resolving detectors, which accounts for the fact that our scheme can work in the regime of tiny XKNL. The measurement outcome reveals the parity (even parity or odd parity) of the two polarization qubits.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures; some revisions have been made
Disegni, bizze e fulmini. I racconti di Carlo Emilio Gadda e Frammenti e meraviglie. Gadda e i generi della prosa breve di Giuliano Cenati
Creators: name: Rinaldi, Rinaldo
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2011

description: Si recensiscono due pubblicazioni in cui Giuliano Cenati analizza il carattere frammentario, ossimorico, metamorfico della prosa breve gaddiana.
description: ENTHYMEMA, No 4 (2011)
Devil is in the Details? The Influence of Asynchronous Video Interview Design on Applicant Interview Impression Management, Reactions, and Evaluations
Creators: name: Lukacik, Eden-Raye A
Publisher: name: Arts
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Video interviews
subject: AVIs
subject: Selection
subject: Asynchronous video interviews
subject: Interview anxiety
subject: hiring
subject: Industrial
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Asynchronous video interviews (AVIs) have been widely adopted as a technology-mediated selection method but remain critically under researched. AVIs promise cost cutting benefits, reductions to scheduling conflict, and faster times to hire for applicants and employers alike. AVIs offer novel features (re-recording, preparation time) that are not possible in synchronous interviews. The features that comprise the interview format (AVI design) could have different effects on how applicants use impression management (IM) in AVIs and how people react to them as a selection method. This dissertation describes four studies that examine AVI design and its effects on honest and deceptive IM, reactions, and evaluations. Chapter 2 presents a conceptual model and research agenda for the study of AVIs and their features. Three experimental studies then test propositions from Chapter 2 by having online and university samples complete AVIs and complete surveys of their behavior. Trained evaluators rated interview performance. The experimental studies test the effects of AVI design on three theoretical factors that have been proposed to influence the likelihood of faking in selection interviews – the capacity, opportunity, and willingness to fake. Study 1 (N = 206) examines predetermined preparation time and video self-views. Study 2 (N = 230) examines reviewing responses and re-recording. Study 3 (N = 297) explores faking warnings and evaluators (automated AI evaluators versus human evaluators). AVI anxiety is a reaction that manifests differently in AVIs than it does in in-person interviews. AVI anxiety is examined further with qualitative analysis and novel sources of AVI anxiety are identified. The effects of AVI design on faking likelihood, IM, and reactions are varied, but often limited, but AVI design can impact evaluations. AVIs are now a popular selection tool and this body of work tackles several of the features that make this method unique. Theoretical and practical implications of this research are discussed.
The role of the input scale in parton distribution analyses
Creators: name: Jimenez-Delgado, Pedro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A first systematic study of the effects of the choice of the input scale in global determinations of parton distributions and QCD parameters is presented. It is shown that, although in principle the results should not depend on these choices, in practice a relevant dependence develops as a consequence of what is called procedural bias. This uncertainty should be considered in addition to other theoretical and experimental errors, and a practical procedure for its estimation is proposed. Possible sources of mistakes in the determination of QCD parameter from parton distribution analysis are pointed out.
description: 8 pages, 1 table, 3 figures
Homogenization of nonlinear stochastic partial differential equations in a general ergodic environment
Creators: name: Razafimandimby, Paul André
name: Woukeng, Jean Louis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35B40, 46J10, 60H15

description: In this paper, we show that the concept of sigma-convergence associated to stochastic processes can tackle the homogenization of stochastic partial differential equations. In this regard, the homogenization problem for a stochastic nonlinear partial differential equation is studied. Using some deep compactness results such as the Prokhorov and Skorokhod theorems, we prove that the sequence of solutions of this problem converges in probability towards the solution of an equation of the same type. To proceed with, we use a suitable version of sigma-convergence method, the sigma-convergence for stochastic processes, which takes into account both the deterministic and random behaviours of the solutions of the problem. We apply the homogenization result to some concrete physical situations such as the periodicity, the almost periodicity, the weak almost periodicity, and others.
description: To appear in: Stochastic Analysis and Applications
Orthostatic Hypotension Is Associated With Impaired Heart Health After Spinal Cord Injury
Creators: name: Scott, Berkeley A.
Publisher: name: Cumming School of Medicine
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Spinal Cord Injury
subject: Orthostatic Hypotension
subject: Heart Disease
subject: Health Sciences--General

description: Background: Individuals with spinal cord injuries (SCI) are at a greater risk of developing cardiovascular disease compared to the general population, and it is the major cause of death in this population. Epidemiological data from the general population has established a causal relationship between orthostatic hypotension (OH), a drop in systolic blood pressure (BP) when assuming an upright posture, and heart disease. OH and heart disease are widespread after SCI, however, it is unknown if OH after SCI is associated with impaired heart health.Aim: We aimed to understand the relationship between OH and heart health by completing a cross-sectional clinical study in a small cohort of individuals with tetraplegia affected by OH. We hypothesized that increased susceptibility to OH would be significantly correlated with measures indicating poorer heart health.Methods: To evaluate the association between OH and heart health, we tested six individuals with motor-complete, chronic SCI using gold-standard cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging and orthostatic tilt-table testing.Results: Cardiac hemodynamics were significantly altered in their response to orthostatic tilt-table testing in individuals with tetraplegia. Greater susceptibility to OH was associated with CMR-based evidence of reduced ventricular volumes, myocardial fibrosis, reduced stroke volume, and altered left ventricular biomechanics as described by strain.Conclusions: Our clinical findings demonstrate preliminary evidence of altered heart health associated with OH after SCI. Future studies should seek to further elucidate the directionality of the relationship between OH and cardiovascular disease. This may justify interventions aimed at mitigating OH after SCI to improve future cardiovascular health.
Recenti edizioni di Daniil Charms e Aleksandr Vvedenskij
Creators: name: Illarionova, Elizaveta
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2011

description: Recensiamo qui i seguenti volumi: Daniil Charms, Sobranije sočinenij v dvuch tomach [Raccolta di opere in due tomi], a cura di Vladimir Vesterman, Moskva, AST e Zebra E, 2010; Daniil Charms, Sobranije sočinenij v trëch tomach [Raccolta di opere in tre tomi], a cura di Valerij Sažin, Sankt-Peterburg, Azbuka, 2011; Aleksandr Vvedenskij, Vsë [Tutto], a cura di Anna Gerasimova, OGI, Moskva, 2010.
description: ENTHYMEMA, No 4 (2011)
Metamorphosis and the Coronoid Dentition in the Axolotl Salamander, Ambystoma mexicanum
Creators: name: Pardo, Jason D.
Publisher: name: Veterinary Medicine
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: salamander
subject: metamorphosis
subject: axolotl
subject: transcriptome
subject: dentition
subject: tooth
subject: histology
subject: evolutionary developmental biology
subject: evo-devo
subject: micro-CT
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Biology--Anatomy
subject: Biology--Bioinformatics
subject: Biology--Zoology
subject: Biology--Cell

description: Amphibian metamorphosis consists of rapid and substantial changes across the entire body, largely associated with shifts in respiratory function and water balance. This coincides with a decrease in regenerative potential, including continuous tooth replacement in the coronoid bone of the lower jaw. In continuous tooth replacement, new teeth are initiated in a specialized epithelial lamina medial to the functional tooth row, which is supplied by stem cell populations residing in its distal tip. However, the current state of research makes it difficult to adapt this model organism to address these questions and limits our understanding of metamorphosis. In Chapter 2, I characterize anatomical and histological changes across experimentally induced metamorphosis in the axolotl. I use this to develop the temporal, anatomical, and histological framework in which to approach subsequent studies in this thesis. In Chapter 3, I investigate the signaling basis for changes in the dentition across metamorphosis. Using RNAseq, I characterize differential expression of tooth replacement related transcripts across metamorphosis, identifying candidate genes which are distinct from candidate pathways identified in other tooth replacement systems. In Chapter 4, I show that some of these candidate genes are differentially expressed across metamorphosis in multiple tissues, notably in the lung and gill, suggesting that metamorphosis itself may be a hormone-mediated pleiotropy. I then use phylogenetic comparative methods to show that this coincides with elevated rate of coronoid tooth loss in a part of the tetrapod tree where it is thought tetrapods shifted from gill-dominated to lung-dominated respiration. In Chapter 5, I explore the impact of a histone deacetylase inhibitor, which accelerates thyroid-induced metamorphosis of the tail but slows metamorphosis in the skull, suggesting that different pathways may be active in the tailfin compared to the head. In Chapter 6, I integrate these data into a survey of the literature on salamander metamorphosis.The research presented in this thesis provides a framework for future work on salamander metamorphosis using the axolotl as a model organism. I also present several novel hypotheses which I believe have the potential to drive future work on both amphibian metamorphosis and the origin of tetrapod terrestrialization.
A general proof of the equivalence between the δN and covariant formalisms
Creators: name: Naruko, Atsushi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, the equivalence between the δN and covariant formalisms has been shown (Suyama et al. 2012), but they essentially assumed Einstein gravity in their proof. They showed that the evolution equation of the curvature covector in the covariant formalism on uniform energy density slicings coincides with that of the curvature perturbation in the δN formalism assuming the coincidence of uniform energy and uniform expansion (Hubble) slicings, which is the case on superhorizon scales in Einstein gravity. In this short note, we explicitly show the equivalence between the δN and covariant formalisms without specifying the slicing condition and the associated slicing coincidence, in other words, regardless of the gravity theory.
description: 7 pages,a reference added, to be published in EPL
An Examination of Subacute Ipsilesional Arm Impairments Following Stroke
Creators: name: Smith, Donovan B
Publisher: name: Cumming School of Medicine
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Stroke
subject: Robotics
subject: Rehabilitation
subject: Ipsilesional
subject: Impairments
subject: Health Sciences--Public Health
subject: Health Sciences--Rehabilitation and Therapy

description: Stroke is one of the leading causes of disability worldwide, leaving survivors with significant upper-extremity motor impairments that often require rehabilitation to regain normative function. While these impairments and their recovery are well understood in the contralesional arm, less is known about how ipsilesional arm impairments present, change, and are impacted by rehabilitation. As a result, the ipsilesional arm is often not targeted in rehabilitation, leading to poor functional recovery outcomes in cases where the contralesional arm fails to recover. Therefore, the purpose of this thesis was to better understand how ipsilesional arm impairments present, and to determine how they change both with and without targeted rehabilitation to inform future rehabilitation prescription for stroke survivors. To understand how ipsilesional impairments present and change without targeted rehabilitation, ipsilesional arm motor function was analyzed throughout the first 6-months post stroke from a cohort of 115 patients who participated in the RESTART prospective cohort study, which is discussed in Chapter Two. This study revealed that ipsilesional arm impairments are: less severe than contralesional arm impairments, present in nearly half of stoke survivors immediately post-stroke, related to the severity of contralesional arm impairments, and not influenced by stroke-lesioned brain hemisphere. To next understand how ipsilesional impairments both related to and changed with targeted rehabilitation, robotic therapy task performance from 8 patients who participated in the RESTORE Phase II Clinical Trial was analyzed, which is discussed in Chapter Three. A preliminary analysis of 8 patients revealed that initial ipsilesional impairment severity did not dictate performance on the bimanual robotic rehabilitation tasks of the RESTORE protocol¬ (only bimanual tasks of this protocol targeted the ipsilesional arm). Additionally, improvements in ipsilesional motor function were not significantly related to improvements in performance on a majority of the bimanual robotic rehabilitation tasks assessed, but these findings may have been influenced by a small sample size caused by the Covid pandemic. However, as the RESTORE trial was interrupted by the Covid pandemic, these findings should be interpreted with caution due to a small sample size, but are useful to form hypotheses that can guide future ipsilesional arm rehabilitation questions.
Dostoevskij in Italia e nel mondo
Creators: name: Urussov, Aleksandre
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2011

description: Dal 13 al 20 giugno dello scorso anno, eminenti studiosi, specialisti di Dostoevskij, si sono riuniti a Napoli per il «XIV Symposium Internazionale Dostoevsky: Dostoevskij. Mente filosofica e sguardo di scrittore», convegno organizzato dall’International Dostoevsky Society.
description: ENTHYMEMA, No 4 (2011)
Double parton scattering in double logarithm approximation of perturbative QCD
Creators: name: Ryskin, M. G.
name: Snigirev, A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the explicit form of the known single distribution functions (the Green's functions) in the double logarithm approximation of perturbative QCD, we analyze the structure of splitting diagrams as a source of double parton perturbative correlations in the proton. The related phenomenological effects are discussed for the conditions of the LHC experiments.
description: 8 pages, 1 figure, Refs. and explanations added, published version (Phys. Rev. D)
Prenatal depressive symptoms and development of limbic and default mode network structure in infancy and childhood
Creators: name: Donnici, Claire
Publisher: name: Cumming School of Medicine
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Magnetic resonance imaging
subject: prenatal depression
subject: child neurodevelopment
subject: white matter
subject: limbic
subject: default mode
subject: infant sleep
subject: brain networks
subject: graph theory
subject: Health Sciences--Mental Health
subject: Health Sciences--Human Development
subject: Biology--Neuroscience
subject: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Prenatal depression is the most common psychological condition of pregnancy, but symptoms often go undetected and untreated. Prenatal depressive symptoms have been associated with negative child outcomes across several developmental domains and may predict depression and anxiety in adolescents as well as child brain structure. Previous research suggests that the structure of individual child brain regions and connections underlying the limbic and default mode networks are impacted by prenatal depressive symptoms; however, limited research exists on associations between prenatal depression and the organization of these networks and age-related changes in their topology throughout childhood. Pediatric neuroimaging datasets collected from infants and young children were utilized to explore this relationship.This thesis examined relationships between prenatal depressive symptoms and child brain structure in two cohorts. Prenatal depressive symptoms were measured using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale. Structural and diffusion magnetic resonance imaging data were obtained from 111 young children multiple times between 2.6 and 8.0 years of age (cohort 1). Diffusion data were collected from 66 infants born during the COVID-19 pandemic at 3 months of age (cohort 2). MaCRUISE software was used to obtain regional volumes in early childhood and graph theory analysis was performed to understand organization of structural brain networks in both cohorts.Children in cohort 1 exposed to more depressive symptoms in the second trimester of pregnancy had more curvilinear changes in left amygdala volume across childhood. Higher third trimester depressive symptoms were associated with slower age-related changes in limbic global efficiency and average node degree. In cohort 2, prenatal depressive symptoms were related to decreased density of local infant DMN and limbic connections, where infant sleep duration moderated this relationship in the limbic network. This work suggests that prenatal depressive symptoms may influence gray matter development and preconfigured network topology in utero and that these alterations may be visible during development. Postnatal factors like infant sleep may be protective of local network connections.This thesis reinforces the importance of accessible perinatal mental health care and highlights the potential of positive moderators of brain structure from which further work and possible interventions may be based.
Chameleon foreCAST
Creators: name: Brax, Philippe
name: Lindner, Axel
name: Zioutas, Konstantin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dark energy models, such as the chameleon, where the acceleration of the expansion of the universe results from the dynamics of a scalar field coupled to matter, suffer from the potential existence of a fifth force. Three known mechanisms have been proposed to restore General Relativity in the solar system and the laboratory, which are the symmetron/Damour-Polyakov effect, the Vainshtein property and the chameleon screening. Here, we propose to probe the existence of chameleons in the laboratory, considering their particle physics consequences. We envisage the resonant and non-resonant production of chameleons in the sun and their back-conversion into X-ray photons in a solar helioscope pipe such as the one used by CAST. A detection of these X-rays would indicate the existence of chameleons. We focus on a template model for the solar magnetic field: a constant magnetic field in a narrow shell surrounding the tachocline. The X-ray photons in a helioscope pipe obtained from back-conversion of the chameleons created inside the sun have a spectrum which is peaked in the sub-keV region, just below the actual sensitivity range of the present axion helioscopes. Nevertheless they are detectable by present day magnetic helioscopes like CAST and Sumico, which were built originally for solar axions. We also propose a chameleon-through-a-wall experiment whereby X-ray photons from a synchroton radiation source could be converted into chameleons inside a dipole magnet, then pass a wall which is opaque to X-rays before being back-converted into X-ray photons in a second magnet downstream. We show that this could provide a direct signature for the existence of chameleon particles.
description: new title, matches published version, 22 pages, 13 figures
Spectroscopy of the Schwarzschild Black Hole at Arbitrary Frequencies
Creators: name: Casals, Marc
name: Ottewill, Adrian C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Linear field perturbations of a black hole are described by the Green function of the wave equation that they obey. After Fourier decomposing the Green function, its two natural contributions are given by poles (quasinormal modes) and a largely unexplored branch cut in the complex-frequency plane. We present new analytic methods for calculating the branch cut on a Schwarzschild black hole for arbitrary values of the frequency. The branch cut yields a power-law tail decay for late times in the response of a black hole to an initial perturbation. We determine explicitly the first three orders in the power-law and show that the branch cut also yields a new logarithmic behaviour $T^{-2\ell-5}\ln(T)$ for late times. Before the tail sets in, the quasinormal modes dominate the black hole response. For electromagnetic perturbations, the quasinormal mode frequencies approach the branch cut at large overtone index $n$. We determine these frequencies up to $n^{-5/2}$ and, formally, to arbitrary order. Highly-damped quasinormal modes are of particular interest in that they have been linked to quantum properties of black holes.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures. Improved text and figures, corrected typos, added acknowledgements. Matches version published in Phys. Rev. Lett
Exploring the Neurophysiology of Motor Pathways in Pediatric Neurodevelopmental Populations Using Maps and Neurochemistry
Creators: name: Kahl, Cynthia K.
Publisher: name: Cumming School of Medicine
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Non-invasive Brain Stimulation
subject: Neuroimaging
subject: Motor Mapping
subject: Neurochemistry
subject: Tourette's syndrome
subject: Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
subject: Biology--Neuroscience
subject: Biology--Physiology
subject: Developmental

description: Tourette’s syndrome (TS) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are common neurodevelopmental behavioral disorders that are highly co-morbid. The dysfunctional neurophysiological mechanisms underlying these disorders remains unclear. With disordered movement at the core of both conditions, I used novel tools to investigate the motor system in children with TS and ADHD; specifically, the primary motor cortex (M1) and the supplementary motor area (SMA). I piloted the therapeutic effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) in children with TS using novel interventional SMA targets. This showed promise with possible reduction in tic severity leading to the development of a randomized controlled trial to test personalized interventions. To explore dysfunctional motor circuitry and interventional neuroplasticity, I used in vivo approaches including magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) to measure neurometabolites of interest (??-Aminobutyric acid: GABA, and glutamate: Glx) and TMS motor mapping to measure corticomotor excitability and representations. I first addressed essential methodological gaps by exploring the ability of novel, active, robotic, neuronavigated TMS to generate motor maps. I determined the short- (24 hour) and long-term (3-5 week) reliability of this new measure. Compared to traditional resting motor maps, active robotic maps were larger, but centered around the same location, suggesting that the two types of maps may reflect different corticomotor representations. Active robotic motor mapping was found to have similar reliability to resting robotic mapping but appeared more reliable than the only previous study of active mapping (using hand-held techniques). Using combined MRS and TMS motor mapping measures, I found higher SMA GABA, lower M1 Glx, and a correlation between M1 GABA and motor map area and volume. A similar trend of increased SMA GABA has been demonstrated in TS. These findings indicate that the M1 may be hyperexcitable in both ADHD and TS, with the increased GABAergic inhibition of the SMA possibly acting as a compensatory mechanism to help children with these disorders gain more control over their motor outputs. Future studies should use multi-modal approaches to further explore the role of the SMA in ADHD and TS to optimize its potential as a diagnostic marker and target for neuromodulatory interventions.
Design and Testing of a Novel Fluid-Cable Actuator
Creators: name: Zapote Castilla, Jorge B.
Publisher: name: Schulich School of Engineering
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Design
subject: Manufacturing: 3D printing
subject: hydraulics
subject: Invention
subject: Prototyping
subject: Haptics
subject: Telehealth
subject: Engineering--Mechanical
subject: Engineering--Biomedical
subject: Engineering--Robotics
subject: Health Sciences--Medicine and Surgery

description: This thesis presents the design, development, and investigation of a novel fluid-cable actuator that operates with either air or water as its working fluid. The device employs rolling diaphragms and a concentric cable, anchored to each piston, to offer low-friction actuation for haptic control in human-safe robotics. First, various distinct designs and sizes are explored with special regard paid to diaphragm shape and functionality. Second, specialized procedures for the manufacture of actuator components using methods such as 3D printing (FDM, MSLA), dip coating, and silicone casting are developed. Third, testing on a custom built setup is performed to investigate force following accuracy, the effects of internal pressure on performance, and the maximum load resolution of the transmission. Lastly, proof of concept mechanisms for robotic applications of the actuator are designed and two unique elbow joints are MSLA printed and assembled. The final developed actuator demonstrates minimal lag under hydraulic operation, a force following accuracy as high as 95.7 percent, and the transmission of loads as small as 2 grams from input to output. The actuator eliminates all sliding seals and achieves bidirectional actuation with a single input line while maintaining a high force to weight ratio. The development process also resulted in the creation of a novel split piston design submitted for patent consideration. Finally, next steps and specific areas for further improvement are identified and discussed.
If physics is an information science, what is an observer?
Creators: name: Fields, Chris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Interpretations of quantum theory have traditionally assumed a "Galilean" observer, a bare "point of view" implemented physically by a quantum system. This paper investigates the consequences of replacing such an informationally-impoverished observer with an observer that satisfies the requirements of classical automata theory, i.e. an observer that encodes sufficient prior information to identify the system being observed and recognize its acceptable states. It shows that with reasonable assumptions about the physical dynamics of information channels, the observations recorded by such an observer will display the typical characteristics predicted by quantum theory, without requiring any specific assumptions about the observer's physical implementation.
description: 30 pages, comments welcome; v2 significant revisions - results unchanged
Hypergraph p-Laplacians and Scale Spaces
Creators: name: Fazeny, Ariane
name: Tenbrinck, Daniel
name: Lukin, Kseniaa
name: Burger, Martin
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2023

description: The aim of this paper is to revisit the definition of differential operators on hypergraphs, which are a natural extension of graphs in systems based on interactions beyond pairs. {In particular, we focus on the definition of Laplacian and $p$-Laplace operators for oriented and unoriented hypergraphs,} their basic properties, variational structure, and their scale spaces. We illustrate that diffusion equations on hypergraphs are possible models for different applications such as information flow on social networks or image processing. Moreover, the spectral analysis and scale spaces induced by these operators provide a potential method to further analyze complex {data} and their multiscale structure. The quest for spectral analysis and suitable scale spaces on hypergraphs motivates in particular a definition of differential operators with trivial first eigenfunction and thus more interpretable second eigenfunctions. This property is not automatically satisfied in existing definitions of hypergraph $p$-Laplacians and we hence provide a novel axiomatic approach that extends previous definitions and can be specialized to satisfy such (or other) desired properties.
title: Head and Neck Ultrasound: "Where do I start?" - Step by step
Creators: name: Baraças, Catarina
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Tissue characterisation
subject: Education and training
subject: Technical aspects
subject: Structured reporting
subject: Education
subject: Ultrasound-Spectral Doppler
subject: Ultrasound-Colour Doppler
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Ultrasound physics
subject: Head and neck
subject: Anatomy

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To discuss physical properties and other issues that influence head and neck (HN) ultrasonographic evaluation To propose an ultrasonographic systematic approach to HN To review anatomical landmarks of HN ultrasonography To discuss tips, tricks and...
Constraining Extra Neutral Gauge Bosons with Atomic Parity Violation Measurements
Creators: name: Diener, Ross
name: Godfrey, Stephen
name: Turan, Ismail
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The discovery of a new neutral gauge boson, $Z'$, could provide the first concrete evidence of physics beyond the standard model. We explore how nuclear weak charge measurements in atomic parity violation (APV) experiments can be used to constrain $Z'$ bosons. We use the recent measurement of the $^{133}$Cs nuclear weak charge to estimate lower bounds on the mass of $Z'$ bosons for a number of representative models and to put constraints on the couplings of a newly discovered $Z'$ boson. We also consider how these constraints might be improved by future APV experiments that will measure nuclear weak charges of multiple isotopes. We show how measurements of a single isotope, and combining measurements into ratios and differences, can be used to constrain the couplings of a $Z'$ and discriminate between models. We find that current and future APV experiments could potentially play an important role in unravelling new physics if a $Z'$ were discovered.
description: 7 pages, 1 figure, Revised version
The link between hypercholesterolemia and tendon pathology
Creators: name: Grewal, Navdeep
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2013

description: Tendinopathy is a major cause of morbidity in athletic populations and in the work force, traditionally thought to occur as a consequence of an imbalance between damage (resulting from mechanical loading) and repair. However, one third of the cases for midportion Achilles tendinopathy occur in sedentary individuals, and recent data suggests an association between hypercholesterolemia and the occurrence of tendon rupture or tendinopathy. The aim of this study was to examine the link between elevated lipids and tendon pathology. We used an apolipoprotein E-knockout model (ApoE-KO), in which apolipoprotein E deficiency leads to development of atherosclerosis. We hypothesized that tendons from ApoE-KO mice fed a high fat diet, in comparison to those fed a regular chow diet and the wild type (non-atherosclerotic mice), will demonstrate increased lipid deposition, increased cross-sectional area, and increased expression levels of collagen genes (Col1a1 and Col3a1), a growth factor gene (TGF-β), and an indicator of mast cell presence (Cpa3). To test these hypotheses, ApoE-KO and control mice were fed a regular or high fat diet and sacrificed at different time points: 0, 15, and 30 weeks. The morphological properties were examined on H&E stained Achilles tendon sections while the lipid content was analyzed with Oil Red O staining. Tendon thickening was measured by ultrasonography of patellar tendon cross-sectional area. qPCR analysis was carried out on tail tendons at 30 week time point to analyze gene expression of Cpa3, TGF-β, Col1a1, and Col3a1. ApoE-KO mice developed xanthomatous lesions, and showed less weight gain than control mice. ApoE-KO mice showed no appreciable changes in tendon histomorphology. Compared to control mice, ApoE-KO mice had lower tendon lipid content but demonstrated an increase in tendon cross-sectional area. Col1a1 gene expression levels were decreased in ApoE-KO mice. Cpa3, TGF-β, and Col3a1 showed no differences between strains; however, Cpa3 expression was decreased in mice that were fed the high fat diet. ApoE-KO mice demonstrated significant tendon alterations, demonstrating thicker tendons with decreased collagen expression. Future work is required to determine the mechanism involved and the potential impact on tendon function.
Remo Ceserani, Convergenze. Gli strumenti letterari e le altre discipline
Creators: name: Iuli, Cristina
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2011

description: Recensione di Remo Ceserani, Convergenze. Gli strumenti letterari e le altre discipline, Milano, Bruno Mondadori, 2010.
description: ENTHYMEMA, No 4 (2011)
Serological Responses to SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination in Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Creators: name: Quan, Joshua
Publisher: name: Cumming School of Medicine
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Inflammatory bowel disease
subject: SARS-CoV-2 vaccination
subject: Crohn's disease
subject: ulcerative colitis
subject: Health Sciences--Epidemiology
subject: Health Sciences--Immunology
subject: Health Sciences--Medicine and Surgery

description: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) refers to a group of disorders characterized by chronic inflammation and ulceration of the gastrointestinal tract. In context of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, individuals with IBD have an increased risk of hospitalization from COVID-19 and certain IBD therapies are related to increased risks of infection and severe disease. Although SARS-CoV-2 vaccines can mitigate infection risk, individuals with IBD may have reduced serological responses based on their condition and use of immunosuppressive medications. Therefore, we investigated serological responses following 1st, 2nd, and 3rd doses of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination.A prospective cohort study of persons with IBD in the Calgary area (n = 496) assessed serological response at the following timepoints: 1–8 weeks after 1st dose vaccination, 1–8 weeks after 2nd dose, eight or more weeks after 2nd dose, and at least one week after 3rd dose. Seroconversion and geometric mean titer (GMT) with 95% confidence intervals were assessed for antibodies to the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein using the Abbott Architect SARS-CoV-2 IgG II Quant Assay. Multivariable linear regression models assessed the impact of age, sex, IBD type, medication class, vaccine schedule, prior SARS-CoV-2 infection, and time following vaccination on antibody concentration following each dose of vaccine. Seroconversion and GMT increased consecutively with each dose of vaccine, with the highest values corresponding to after 3rd dose vaccination. Older age and several medication classes were related to decreased antibody titres post-2nd dose, whereas use of prednisone was the only factor associated with diminished antibody response after 3rd dose vaccination. Antibody levels steadily decline following the 2nd and 3rd doses of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. In this thesis, we aimed to evaluate serological responses to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and were able to determine a robust antibody response to a three-dose regimen across all classes of IBD therapies except for prednisone. Decaying antibody levels following 3rd dose vaccination should be monitored in future studies and other measures of vaccine-induced protection against SARS-CoV-2 such as neutralizing antibodies, T-cell responses, and vaccine effectiveness should be evaluated. In conclusion, three-dose SARS-CoV-2 vaccine regimens induce substantial immunogenicity in those with IBD and should be emphasized for serological protection.
Remo Ceserani, Convergenze. Gli strumenti letterari e le altre discipline
Creators: name: Pennacchio, Filippo
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2011

description: Recensione di Remo Ceserani, Convergenze. Gli strumenti letterari e le altre discipline, Milano, Bruno Mondadori, 2010.
description: ENTHYMEMA, No 4 (2011)
How to do theory di Wolfgang Iser
Creators: name: Rossi, Laura Lucia
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2011

description: Si recensisce How to do theory di Wolfgang Iser, un volume nato nel 2006 come una sorta di guida alle teorie letterarie principali del XX secolo ma nel quale lo studioso tedesco non manca di rilanciare la propria idea e il proprio invito a muoversi sempre di più in direzione di una antropologia della letteratura.
description: ENTHYMEMA, No 4 (2011)
2021 University Research Symposium Welcome from Vice Chancellor for Research and Opening Keynote Presentation
Creators: name: Vouk, Mladen
name: Goodwin, Jean
name: Dello, Kathie
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: climate
subject: climate change
subject: resilience
subject: community engagement
subject: https://zenodo.org/search?q=subject.term%3A%22Climate+Change%22
subject: https://zenodo.org/search?q=subject.term%3A%22climate+change%22

description: The resource document summarizes the Research Symposium Welcome from Vice Chancellor for Research and Opening Keynote Presentation and outlines the details of the event and online resources. Mladen Vouk, Vice Chancellor for Research and Innovation Jean Goodwin, SAS Institute, Department of Communication Kathie Dello, NC State Climate Office
Fuchsian convex bodies: basics of Brunn--Minkowski theory
Creators: name: Fillastre, Francois
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The hyperbolic space $ \H^d$ can be defined as a pseudo-sphere in the $(d+1)$ Minkowski space-time. In this paper, a Fuchsian group $Γ$ is a group of linear isometries of the Minkowski space such that $\H^d/Γ$ is a compact manifold. We introduce Fuchsian convex bodies, which are closed convex sets in Minkowski space, globally invariant for the action of a Fuchsian group. A volume can be associated to each Fuchsian convex body, and, if the group is fixed, Minkowski addition behaves well. Then Fuchsian convex bodies can be studied in the same manner as convex bodies of Euclidean space in the classical Brunn--Minkowski theory. For example, support functions can be defined, as functions on a compact hyperbolic manifold instead of the sphere. The main result is the convexity of the associated volume (it is log concave in the classical setting). This implies analogs of Alexandrov--Fenchel and Brunn--Minkowski inequalities. Here the inequalities are reversed.
Singlet Oxygen Production and Its Kinetics in Nanoparticle-Photosensitizer Hybrid Systems
Creators: name: Kabanov, Vladimir
Publisher: name: Science
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Photochemistry
subject: Nanoscience
subject: Plasmonics
subject: Singlet Oxygen
subject: Spectroscopy
subject: Kinetics
subject: Nanomaterials
subject: Photodynamic Applications
subject: Chemistry--Physical

description: Oxygen is inarguably among the most important molecules which sustain the majority of life as we know it. However, in its lowest excited state, singlet oxygen is a powerful cytotoxic agent capable of damaging DNA, proteins, and cell membranes. In medicinal context, production of singlet oxygen from light-activated drugs (photosensitizers) has been used to various degrees in photodynamic therapy to remove cancerous tumors, and in photodynamic inactivation of microorganisms to eliminate harmful pathogens. In the last decade, nanomaterials have emerged as a promising platform to establish control over the singlet oxygen production and advance the practical uses of photosensitization. Nevertheless, when compared to conventional chemotherapy as a means to treat diseases, or the use of common chemical agents to inhibit bacterial growth, application of nanomaterials for photodynamic processes in these areas is still in its infancy and substantial knowledge of understanding and controlling this approach is missing.The overarching goal of the work presented in this thesis is to provide molecular-level insight into the events taking place when nanomaterials are used to aid and manage photosensitized singlet oxygen production. To aid in this quest, the studies presented in this thesis looked at singlet oxygen generation from several common types of colloidal hybrid nanoparticle-photosensitizer materials. Silica- and liposome-based photosensitizing nanoparticles were employed to quantify singlet oxygen partition between the various local microenvironments inherent to each formulation, which fundamentally dictates the reactive species’ abilities to reach other substrates in solution or within the nanocarriers. Meanwhile, Ag and Au metal-based hybrid nanoparticles were used to understand how the metallic structure’s interactions with incident light can change the properties of a nearby photosensitizer and ultimately affect singlet oxygen generation.Methodologies, results, and conclusions discussed throughout the work presented herein aim to equip the research community with important layers of information to address the design of nanomaterials for photodynamic processes from the points-of-view of singlet oxygen and the photosensitizer. This in turn will enable the field to sort and tailor the countless possible hybrid nanoparticle-photosensitizer combinations for specific practical applications.
title: Obstetric Ultrasound - A Practical Approach
Creators: name: Alves, Isabela
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Obstetrics
subject: Education
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Obstetrics (Pregnancy / birth / postnatal period)

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: Know the ultrasound indication according to each trimester and recognize the standardized steps to perform a basic obstetric ultrasound and a specialized routine. Describe the role of ultrasound to diagnosis of miscarriage, fetal malformation, fetal...
Hirota method for oblique solitons in two-dimensional supersonic nonlinear Schroedinger flow
Creators: name: Khamis, E. G.
name: Gammal, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 35C08

description: In a previous work[1] exact stable oblique soliton solutions were revealed in two dimensional nonlinear Schroedinger flow. In this work we show that single soliton solution can be expressed within the Hirota bilinear formalism. An attempt to build two-soliton solutions shows that the system is "close" to integrability provided that the angle between the solitons is small and/or we are in the hypersonic limit.
description: 4 pages