cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Cost-minimization analysis of recombinant factor VIII Fc versus emicizumab for treating patients with hemophilia A without inhibitors in Europe
Creators: name: Mancuso, Maria Elisa
name: Castaman, Giancarlo
name: Pochopien, Michal
name: Aballéa, Samuel
name: Drzewiecka, Aleksandra
name: Hakimi, Zalmai
name: Nazir, Jameel
name: Fatoye, Francis
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: A cost-minimization model was developed to compare recombinant factor VIII Fc (rFVIIIFc) and emicizumab as prophylaxis for hemophilia A without inhibitors. The model was based on 100 patients from the healthcare payer perspective in the UK, France, Italy, Spain, and Germany (5-year time horizon). Costs included: drug acquisition; emicizumab wastage by bodyweight (manufacturer’s dosing recommendations); and additional FVIII for breakthrough bleeds. Scenario analyses (UK only): reduced emicizumab dosing frequency; and emicizumab maximum wastage. Total incremental 5-year savings for rFVIIIFc rather than emicizumab use range from €89,320,131 to €149,990,408 in adolescents/adults (≥12 years) and €173,417,486 to €253,240,465 in children (<12 years). Emicizumab wastage accounts for 6% of its total cost in adolescents/adults and 26% in children. Reducing the emicizumab dosing frequency reduces the incremental cost savings with rFVIIIFc, but these remain substantial (adolescents/adults, >€92 million; children >€32 million). Maximum emicizumab wastage increases by 86% and 106%, respectively, increasing the incremental cost savings with rFVIIIFc to €125,352,125 and €105,872,727, respectively. Based on cost-minimization modeling, rFVIIIFc use for hemophilia A prophylaxis in patients without inhibitors is associated with substantial cost savings in Europe, reflecting not only higher acquisition costs of emicizumab, but also other costs including wastage related to available vial sizes.
Comparative Effectiveness of Treatments for Binge-Eating Disorder: Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis
Creators: name: Bulik, C.M.
name: Lohr, K.N.
name: Cullen, K.
name: Brownley, K.A.
name: Quattlebaum, M.J.
name: Bann, C.M.
name: Peat, C.M.
name: Berkman, N.D.
Publisher: name: John Wiley and Sons Ltd
Year: 2017

description: Psychological and pharmacological interventions for binge-eating disorder have previously demonstrated efficacy (compared with placebo or waitlist control); thus, we aimed to expand that literature with a review of comparative effectiveness. We searched MEDLINE,® EMBASE,® Cochrane Library, Academic OneFile, CINAHL® for binge-eating disorder treatment articles and selected studies using predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data were sufficient for network meta-analysis comparing two pharmacological interventions; psychological interventions were analysed qualitatively. In all, 28 treatment comparisons were included in this review: one pharmacological comparison (second-generation antidepressants versus lisdexamfetamine) and 26 psychological comparisons. Only three statistically significant differences emerged: lisdexamfetamine was better at increasing binge abstinence than second-generation antidepressants; therapist-led cognitive behavioural therapy was better at reducing binge-eating frequency than behavioural weight loss, but behavioural weight loss was better at reducing weight. The majority of other treatment comparisons revealed few significant differences between groups. Thus, patients and clinicians can choose from several effective treatment options.
Opposing temperature dependence of the stretching response of single PEG and PNiPAM polymers
Creators: name: Kolberg, Adrianna
name: Wenzel, Christiane
name: Hackenstrass, Klara
name: Schwarzl, Richard
name: Rüttiger, Christian
name: Hugel, Thorsten
name: Gallei, Markus
name: Netz, Roland R.
name: Balzer, Bizan N.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: free energy
subject: thermoresponsive polymers
subject: molecules
subject: temperature dependence
subject: polymers
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::530 Physik

description: The response of switchable polymer blends and coatings to temperature variation is important for the development of high-performance materials. Although this has been well studied for bulk materials, a proper understanding at the molecular level, in particular for high stretching forces, is still lacking. Here we investigate the molecular details of the temperature-dependent elastic response of two widely used water-soluble polymers, namely, polyethylene glycol (PEG) and poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNiPAM) with a combined approach using atomic force microscopy (AFM) based single molecule force spectroscopy (SMFS) experiments and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. SMFS became possible by the covalent attachment of long and defined single polymers featuring a functional end group. Most interestingly, varying the temperature produces contrasting effects for PEG and PNiPAM. Surprising as these results might occur at first sight, they can be understood with the help of MD simulations in explicit water. We find that hydration is widely underestimated for the mechanics of macromolecules and that a polymer chain has competing energetic and entropic elastic components. We propose to use the temperature dependence to quantify the energetic behavior for high stretching forces. This fundamental understanding of temperature-dependent single polymer stretching response might lead to innovations like fast switchable polymer blends and coatings with polymer chains that act antagonistically.
Analyzing Network performance parameters using wireshark
Creators: name: Tuli, Ruchi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Network performance can be a prime concern for network administrators. The performance of the network depends on many factors. Some of the issues faced in the network performance are Slow Internet, Bottlenecks, Loss of packets and retransmissions, and Excessive bandwidth consumption. For troubleshooting a network, an in depth understanding of network protocols is required. The main objective of this research is to analyze the performance and various other parameters related to the integrity of a network in a home based network environment using Wireshark. Network traffic is captured for different devices. The captured traffic is then analyzed using Wireshark basic statistical tools and advanced tools for various performance parameters.
description: 13 pages
(483) Robert Campbell
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Indications of r-mode Oscillations in SOHO/MDI Solar Radius Measurements
Creators: name: Sturrock, P. A.
name: Bush, R.
name: Gough, D. O.
name: Scargle, J. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Analysis of solar radius measurements acquired by the Michelson Doppler Imager on the SOHO spacecraft supports previously reported evidence of solar internal r-mode oscillations in Mt Wilson radius data and in nuclear-decay data acquired at the Lomonosov Moscow State University. The frequencies of these oscillations are compatible with oscillations in a putative inner tachocline that separates a slowly rotating core from the radiative envelope.
description: 10 pages,5 figures, 2 tables, accepted for publication in Astrophysical Journal
The Hecke algebra action on Morava E-theory of height 2
Creators: name: Zhu, Yifei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 55S25 (Primary) 11F03, 11F23, 11F25, 55N20, 55N34, 55P43 (Secondary)

description: Given a one-dimensional formal group of height 2, let E be the Morava E-theory spectrum associated to its universal deformation over the Lubin-Tate ring. By computing with moduli spaces of elliptic curves, we give an explicitation for an algebra of Hecke operators acting on E-cohomology. This leads to a vanishing result for Rezk's logarithmic cohomology operation on the units of E. It identifies a family of elements in the kernel with meromorphic modular forms whose Serre derivative is zero. Our calculation finds a connection to logarithms of modular units. In particular, we work out an action of Hecke operators on certain "logarithmic" q-series, in the sense of Knopp and Mason, that agrees with our vanishing result and extends the classical Hecke action on modular forms.
title:  L’ufficio giudiziario fisiologico
Creators: name: Gentile, Sebastiano L.
Publisher: name: Roma TrE-Press
Year: 2016

description: L’efficienza della giurisdizione civile e il suo ruolo non più di attesa ma attivo. Le tecniche di autorganizzazione per il controllo e la gestione dei processi entro i termini di ragionevole durata. Il coordinamento e l’interscambio tra i magistrati della sezione. I provvedimenti presidenziali organizzativi contenenti i risultati ermeneutici condivisi. L’assetto fisiologico dell’ufficio misurabile mediante il parametro oggettivo ex lege 89/01. L’esperienza della Sezione Lavoro del Tribunale di Taranto.
description: Scritti dedicati a Maurizio Converso
Predictors of dropout in face-to-face and internet-based cognitive-behavioral therapy for bulimia nervosa in a randomized controlled trial
Creators: name: Crosby, R.D.
name: Hofmeier, S.M.
name: Hamer, R.M.
name: Moessner, M.
name: O'Brien, A.
name: Marcus, M.D.
name: Bulik, C.M.
name: Zimmer, B.
name: Levine, M.D.
name: Runfola, C.D.
name: Watson, H.J.
name: Kordy, H.
name: Sprecher, C.S.
name: Peat, C.M.
name: Zerwas, S.C.
Publisher: name: John Wiley and Sons Inc.
Year: 2017

description: Objective: We sought to identify predictors and moderators of failure to engage (i.e., pretreatment attrition) and dropout in both Internet-based and traditional face-to-face cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) for bulimia nervosa. We also sought to determine if Internet-based treatment reduced failure to engage and dropout. Method: Participants (N = 191, 98% female) were randomized to Internet-based CBT (CBT4BN) or traditional face-to-face group CBT (CBTF2F). Sociodemographics, clinical history, eating disorder severity, comorbid psychopathology, health status and quality of life, personality and temperament, and treatment-related factors were investigated as predictors. Results: Failure to engage was associated with lower perceived treatment credibility and expectancy (odds ratio [OR] = 0.91, 95% CI: 0.82, 0.97) and body mass index (BMI) (OR = 1.10; 95% CI: 1.03, 1.18). Dropout was predicted by not having a college degree (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.55; 95% CI: 0.37, 0.81), novelty seeking (HR = 1.02; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.03), previous CBT experience (HR = 1.77; 95% CI: 1.16, 2.71), and randomization to the individual's nonpreferred treatment format (HR = 1.95, 95% CI: 1.28, 2.96). Discussion: Those most at risk of failure to engage had a higher BMI and perceived treatment as less credible and less likely to succeed. Dropout was associated with less education, higher novelty seeking, previous CBT experience, and a mismatch between preferred and assigned treatment. Contrary to expectations, Internet-based CBT did not reduce failure to engage or dropout.
When 'eating healthy' becomes disordered, you can return patients to genuine health
Creators: name: Peat, C.M.
Publisher: name: Quadrant Healthcom Inc.
Year: 2016

description: Orthorexia nervosa, from the Greek orthos (straight, proper) and orexia (appetite), is a disorder in which a person demonstrates a pathological obsession not with weight loss but with a “pure” or healthy diet, which can contribute to significant dietary restriction and food-related obsessions. Although the disorder is not a formal diagnosis in DSM 5, it is increasingly reported on college campuses and in medical practices, and has been the focus of media attention.
Spatial and temporal variability in the composition and structure of meiobenthic assemblages (especially nematodes) in tropical beaches (Guadeloupe, FWI)
Creators: name: GOURBAULT, Nicole
name: WARWICK, Richard M.
name: HELLÉOUET, Marie-Noëlle
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 1998

description: Short term fluctuations in physical parameters are particularly important in determining faunal diversity of intertidal
 beaches, and the main objective of this paper is to describe the situation on the Caribbean island of Guadeloupe with respect
 to the meiobenthos of this habitat. A meiofaunal inventory was established for 23 beaches in 1979 and six representative
 beaches were surveyed five more times up to 1984. The proportions of higher meiofauna taxa present were highly variable in
 both space and time, and are shown to correlate with sediment grain-size and CaCO3 content. The nematode generic
 composition was highly variable at the more wave-exposed locations, but less so at the more sheltered locations. There was a
 significant effect of grain-size on the generic composition of the samples, but not on univariate measures of species diversity.
 Dominance patterns varied over time at a given location, but the trends of variation are not consistent among stations.
 Interpretation of future changes in community composition in terms of anthropogenic activities must therefore be approached
 with caution. For example, changes which might be regarded as indicative of organic pollution, such as switches from copepod
 dominance to nematode dominance, are shown to occur naturally over short periods of time (< 1 year) on the same beach.
The relation between star formation rate and stellar mass of galaxies at z $\sim$ 1-4
Creators: name: Katsianis, A.
name: Tescari, E.
name: Wyithe, J. S. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The relation between the Star Formation Rate (SFR) and stellar mass (${\rm M}_{\star}$) of galaxies represents a fundamental constraint on galaxy formation and has been studied extensively both in observations and cosmological simulations. However, the observed amplitude has not been successfully reproduced in simulations, indicating either that the halo accretion history and baryonic physics are poorly modeled or that observations contain biases. We examine the evolution of the SFR$-{\rm M}_{\star}$ relation of $z\sim1-4 $ galaxies and display the inconsistency between observed relations that are obtained using different techniques. We employ cosmological hydrodynamic simulations and compare these with a range of observed SFR$-{\rm M}_{\star}$ relations. We find that numerical results are consistent with observations that use Spectral Energy Distribution (SED) techniques to estimate star formation rates and dust corrections. On the contrary, simulations are not able to reproduce results that were obtained by combining only UV and IR luminosities. These imply SFRs at a fixed stellar mass that are larger almost by a factor of 5 than those of SED measurements for $z \sim1.5-4$. Furthermore, we find remarkable agreement between the numerical results from various authors who have employed different cosmological codes and run simulations with different resolutions. This is interesting for two reasons. A) simulations can produce realistic populations of galaxies within representative cosmological volumes even at relatively modest resolutions. B) It is likely that current numerical codes that rely on similar subgrid multiphase Inter-Stellar Medium (ISM) models and are tuned to reproduce statistical properties of galaxies, produce similar results for the SFR$-{\rm M}_{\star}$ relation by construction, regardless of resolution, box size and, to some extent, the adopted feedback prescriptions.
description: 16 pages, 6 figures, 3 tables, accepted for publication in PASA
Composition and development of gut microbiota in birds
Creators: name: Vargas Pellicer, Paula
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2019

description: The microbes living inside vertebrates’ guts have highly important consequences for host health and fitness. In turn, microbial communities can rapidly respond to changes in host diet, for example, or environmental conditions. Hence, this relationship appears to be an essential ecological feature. However, our knowledge on how wild birds interact with microbial communities is poor, and little research has been done on non-model organisms. In this PhD thesis, I investigate factors that shape microbiota and utilize high-throughput sequencing techniques to paint a broader picture of the relationship between birds and their microbes by using three populations from two British passerines. My PhD comprised two related projects: (1) a methodological framework to best store faecal samples to analyse gut microbiomes of avian hosts, and (2) an analysis of factors influencing gut microbial communities. First, we evaluated the influence of five widespread storing methods on microbial composition of house sparrow (Passer domesticus) faecal samples (Chapter II). We were then able to analyse the influences of some intrinsic and extrinsic factors that shape the gut microbiota on blue tits (Cyanestes caeruleus), focusing on their development during nestling life. We evaluated how age impacts diversity and composition of bacterial communities and assessed the age-related changes on diet and compared them with simultaneous changes in the microbiota (Chapter III). Finally, we used experimental cross-fostering design to examine the relative contributions of environmental and genetic factors (i.e., nest of rearing and kinship) to the variation of gut bacterial assemblages (Chapter IV). We found that there is no panacea for storing bird faeces, and until then we show that regardless of the protocol chosen, consistency throughout is a prime practice to achieve replicable and reliable results for microbial ecology. We demonstrate that the gut microbial community of blue tits colonises the gut of nestlings very quickly, with multiple colonisation events that lead to high interindividual variation, which is then reduced in adulthood. We further demonstrated that genetics have a minor role in determining microbial composition; in contrast, there are significant similarities in the compositions of the microbiota of genetically unrelated individuals who share a nest, highlighting the importance of local environment shaping gut communities. In summary, this work offers new insights into host-microbiome interactions by enabling a greater understanding of the multifaceted relationship between birds and their microbes.
Ab-initio Quantum Enhanced Optical Phase Estimation Using Real-time Feedback Control
Creators: name: Berni, Adriano A.
name: Gehring, Tobias
name: Nielsen, Bo M.
name: Händchen, Vitus
name: Paris, Matteo G. A.
name: Andersen, Ulrik L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Optical phase estimation is a vital measurement primitive that is used to perform accurate measurements of various physical quantities like length, velocity and displacements. The precision of such measurements can be largely enhanced by the use of entangled or squeezed states of light as demonstrated in a variety of different optical systems. Most of these accounts however deal with the measurement of a very small shift of an already known phase, which is in stark contrast to ab-initio phase estimation where the initial phase is unknown. Here we report on the realization of a quantum enhanced and fully deterministic phase estimation protocol based on real-time feedback control. Using robust squeezed states of light combined with a real-time Bayesian estimation feedback algorithm, we demonstrate deterministic phase estimation with a precision beyond the quantum shot noise limit. The demonstrated protocol opens up new opportunities for quantum microscopy, quantum metrology and quantum information processing.
description: 5 figures
The implementation of risk minimization measures to prevent teratogenic pregnancy outcomes related to oral retinoid and valproate use in Belgium
Creators: name: Bertels, Xander
name: Mehuys, Els
name: Boussery, Koen
name: Lahousse, Lies
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: Medicine
Cell Biology
Biotechnology
Cancer
Science Policy

description: Both oral retinoid and valproate containing medicines are highly teratogenic. Their use by women of childbearing age is controlled by risk minimization measures (RMMs) introduced by the European Medicine Agency, including the pregnancy prevention programme (PPP). In 2018, the RMMs were revised as previous measures were insufficient to prevent the use of these medicines during pregnancies. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among patients, physicians and pharmacists to evaluate the implementation of the revised RMMs in Belgium. The primary outcome was compliance with key aspects of the PPP. Differences in compliance between oral retinoid and valproate stakeholders were investigated. The relationship between potential determinants (population characteristics and RMM usage) and compliance was studied via multiple logistic regression. A total of 317 eligible patients, physicians and pharmacists participated. The majority of the studied patients fail to comply with the PPP, mainly driven by poor implementation of pregnancy testing. A large number of healthcare providers is unaware of the available educational materials. It is likely that a substantial part of Belgian women of childbearing age using oral retinoids or valproate insufficiently meet the PPP requirements. We propose to better inform healthcare providers about the mandatory PPPs and available educational materials as well as to support them with the implementation of such programmes to improve the safe use of these teratogenic medicines.
Communication-Free Distributed Coverage for Networked Systems
Creators: name: Yazicioglu, A. Yasin
name: Egerstedt, Magnus
name: Shamma, Jeff S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we present a communication-free algorithm for distributed coverage of an arbitrary network by a group of mobile agents with local sensing capabilities. The network is represented as a graph, and the agents are arbitrarily deployed on some nodes of the graph. Any node of the graph is covered if it is within the sensing range of at least one agent. The agents are mobile devices that aim to explore the graph and to optimize their locations in a decentralized fashion by relying only on their sensory inputs. We formulate this problem in a game theoretic setting and propose a communication-free learning algorithm for maximizing the coverage.
(484) Catherine Mderson
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
title:  I magistrati con compiti di assistente di studio presso l’Ufficio del Massimario e del Ruolo della Corte di cassazione
Creators: name: Grasso, Gianluca
Publisher: name: Roma TrE-Press
Year: 2016

description: Il contributo affronta il tema dei magistrati con compiti di assistente di studio presso Ufficio del Massimario e del Ruolo della Corte di cassazione. La figura dell’assistente di studio è stata introdotta con il cd. decreto del fare al fine di favorire l’eliminazione dell’arretrato presso la Suprema Corte. Il testo esamina i compiti assegnati agli assistenti alla luce della prima applicazione presso le sezioni civili della Corte, mettendo in luce le possibili modifiche normative.
description: Scritti dedicati a Maurizio Converso
Population health impact and cost-effectiveness of community-supported agriculture among low-income US adults: A microsimulation analysis
Creators: name: Petrie, M.
name: Basu, S.
name: Sayer, E.
name: Bellin, R.
name: O'Neill, J.
name: Berkowitz, S.A.
Publisher: name: American Public Health Association Inc.
Year: 2020

description: Objectives. To estimate the population-level effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of a subsidized community-supported agriculture (CSA) intervention in the United States. Methods. In 2019, we developed a microsimulation model from nationally representative demographic, biomedical, and dietary data (National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2013-2016) and a community-based randomized trial (conducted in Massachusetts from 2017 to 2018). We modeled 2 interventions: unconditional cash transfer ($300/year) and subsidized CSA ($300/year subsidy). Results. The total discounted disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) accumulated over the life course to cardiovascular disease and diabetes complications would be reduced from 24 797 per 10 000 people (95% confidence interval [CI] = 24 584, 25 001) at baseline to 23 463 per 10 000 (95% CI = 23 241, 23 666) under the cash intervention and 22 304 per 10 000 (95% CI = 22 084, 22 510) under the CSA intervention. From a societal perspective and over a life-course time horizon, the interventions had negative incremental cost-effectiveness ratios, implying cost savings to society of -$191 100 per DALY averted (95% CI = -$191 767, -$188 919) for the cash intervention and -$93 182 per DALY averted (95% CI = -$93 707, -$92 503) for the CSA intervention. Conclusions. Both the cash transfer and subsidized CSA may be important public health interventions for low-income persons in the United States.
Qualitative uncertainty and dynamics of argumentation through dynamic logic
Creators: name: Yuste-Ginel, Antonio
name: Herzig, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Dynamics and uncertainty are essential features of real-life argumentation, and many recent studies have focused on integrating both aspects into Dung's well-known abstract Argumentation Frameworks (AFs). This paper proposes a combination of the two lines of research through a well-behaved logical tool: Dynamic Logic of Propositional Assignments (DL-PA). Our results show that the main reasoning tasks of virtually all existing formalisms qualitatively representing uncertainty about AFs are encodable in DL-PA. Moreover, the same tool is also useful for capturing dynamic structures, such as control argumentation frameworks, as well as for developing more refined forms of argumentative communication under uncertainty.
Design of steel and stainless steel structures by advanced inelastic analysis
Creators: name: Walport, Fiona
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2019

description: Stainless steel is used widely across a range of industries due to its favourable structural properties, excellent corrosion resistance and fire resistance. Stainless steel structural design standards have generally been developed based on assumed analogies with carbon steel design. Consequently, resulting design solutions can be inaccurate and overly conservative due to the rounded nature of the stress–strain curve not being suitably reflected. The nonlinear material stress–strain response has a direct influence on the structural behaviour of stainless steel and it is fundamental that a design methodology reflects this. With an emphasis on frame level design, a series of proposals are made in this thesis to enable the safe and efficient assessment of stainless steel structures. A number of the proposals are also applicable to carbon steel design. The issue of overall frame stability in the inelastic regime is first addressed. An approach to allow for the premature loss of stiffness due to material nonlinearity is developed and a modified elastic buckling load factor method is proposed to account for the increased global second order effects. The modified critical load factor takes account of the reduced stiffness of the frame due to plastification and can be applied to both carbon steel and stainless steel frames. The opportunities offered through design by advanced (second order inelastic) analysis are then explored. This approach is particularly suited to stainless steel because of the design complexities that arise from the rounded material stress–strain response. The key components required for the design of stainless steel structures by advanced analysis are developed herein. The new method employs computationally efficient beam elements yet safely captures cross-section failure by utilising strain limits defined through the continuous strength method (CSM). The CSM strain limits simulate the effects of local buckling and control the extent to which plasticity, moment redistribution and strain hardening can be exploited. The practical application of the proposed method is facilitated through the development of equivalent bow imperfections derived specifically for design by second order inelastic analysis. The proposed method is applied to both individual members and systems and is shown to provide consistent and significant benefits over current design methodologies.
Antimicrobial prescription in severe COVID-19 and CAP: a matched case-control study
Creators: name: Fierens, J.
name: De Bus, L.
name: Colpaert, K.
name: Boelens, J.
name: Gadeyne, B.
name: Decruyenaere, J.
name: Van Braeckel, E.
name: Depuydt, P.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: In severe coronavirus diseases 2019 (COVID-19), a high and potentially excessive use of antimicrobials for suspected bacterial co-infection and intensive care unit (ICU)-acquired infections has been repeatedly reported. To compare an ICU cohort of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) with a cohort of severe COVID-19 pertaining to co-infections, ICU-acquired infections and associated antimicrobial consumption. We retrospectively compared a cohort of CAP patients with a cohort of COVID-19 patients matched according to organ failure, ICU length of stay (LOS) and ventilation days. Patient data such as demographics, infection focus, probability and severity, ICU severity scores and ICU and in-hospital mortality, days of antimicrobial therapy (DOT) and number of antimicrobial prescriptions, using an incremental scale, were registered and analysed. The total number of cultures (sputum, urinary, blood cultures) was collected and corrected for ICU LOS. CAP patients (n = 148) were matched to COVID-19 patients (n = 74). Significantly less sputum cultures (68.2% versus 18.9%, P < 0.05) and bronchoalveolar lavages (BAL) (73.7% versus 36.5%, P < 0.05) were performed in COVID-19 patients. Six (8.1%) COVID-19 patients were diagnosed with a co-infection. Respectively, 58 of 148 (39.2%) CAP and 38 of 74 (51.4%) COVID-19 patients (P = 0.09) developed ICU-acquired infections. Antimicrobial distribution, both in the number of prescriptions and DOT, was similar in both cohorts. We found a low rate of microbiologically confirmed bacterial co-infection and a high rate of ICU-acquired infections in COVID-19 patients. Infection probabilities, antimicrobial prescriptions and DOT were comparable with a matched CAP cohort.
SN 2013ab : A normal type IIP supernova in NGC 5669
Creators: name: Bose, Subhash
name: Valenti, Stefano
name: Misra, Kuntal
name: Pumo, Maria Letizia
name: Zampieri, Luca
name: Sand, David
name: Kumar, Brijesh
name: Pastorello, Andrea
name: Sutaria, Firoza
name: Maccarone, Thomas J.
name: Kumar, Brajesh
name: Graham, M. L.
name: Howell, D. Andrew
name: Ochner, Paolo
name: Chandola, H. C.
name: Pandey, Shashi B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present densely-sampled ultraviolet/optical photometric and low-resolution optical spectroscopic observations of the type IIP supernova 2013ab in the nearby ($\sim$24 Mpc) galaxy NGC 5669, from 2 to 190d after explosion. Continuous photometric observations, with the cadence of typically a day to one week, were acquired with the 1-2m class telescopes in the LCOGT network, ARIES telescopes in India and various other telescopes around the globe. The light curve and spectra suggest that the SN is a normal type IIP event with a plateau duration of $ \sim80 $ days with mid plateau absolute visual magnitude of -16.7, although with a steeper decline during the plateau (0.92 mag 100 d$ ^{-1} $ in $ V $ band) relative to other archetypal SNe of similar brightness. The velocity profile of SN 2013ab shows striking resemblance with those of SNe 1999em and 2012aw. Following the Rabinak & Waxman (2011) prescription, the initial temperature evolution of the SN emission allows us to estimate the progenitor radius to be $ \sim $ 800 R$_{\odot}$, indicating that the SN originated from a red supergiant star. The distance to the SN host galaxy is estimated to be 24.3 Mpc from expanding photosphere method (EPM). From our observations, we estimate that 0.064 M$_{\odot}$ of $^{56}$Ni was synthesized in the explosion. General relativistic, radiation hydrodynamical modeling of the SN infers an explosion energy of $ 0.35\times10^{51} $ erg, a progenitor mass (at the time of explosion) of $ \sim9 $ M$_{\odot}$ and an initial radius of $ \sim600 $ R$_{\odot}$.
description: 22 pages, 18 figures, 5 tables. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
The role of microscopic bone marrow examination and [123I]MIBG scintigraphy in detection of bone marrow involvement in patients with neuroblastoma
Creators: name: Vancraeynest, Eveline
name: Renard, Marleen
name: Tousseyn, Thomas
name: Deroose, Christophe M.
name: Uyttebroeck, Anne
name: Boeckx, Nancy
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: For the detection of bone marrow (BM) metastases in patients with neuroblastoma, microscopic BM examination and [123I]MIBG scintigraphy are advised. The aims of this study were to assess the concordance of [123I]MIBG and microscopic BM examination (aspirate and biopsy) in detecting BM involvement and to compare invasive disease in BM biopsies and aspirates, both at diagnosis and before autologous stem cell collection (ASCC). Fifty-five patients with stage 4 or stage 4S disease were included, and 37 of them received an autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (AHSCT). The concordance rate was measured and paired binary data were analysed by the McNemar test to look for a systematic difference between diagnostic tests. At diagnosis and before ASCC, we found acceptable concordance rates for [123I]MIBG versus microscopic BM examination (77.1% and 85.3% respectively). Discordant results were found in both directions and at both time points. The concordance rate for biopsy versus aspirate at diagnosis was 80.6%, however, before ASCC a much higher concordance rate between both microscopic examinations was found (94.1%). While none of the aspirates showed neuroblastoma cells before ASCC, two biopsies still showed tumor invasion. For patients with neuroblastoma, a [123I]MIBG scintigraphy and a microscopic examination of BM aspirate and its biopsy should be used as complementary tools in the evaluation of BM involvement, and this both at diagnosis and during treatment (before ASCC).
A Society of General Internal Medicine Position Statement on the Internists’ Role in Social Determinants of Health
Creators: name: DeCamp, M.
name: Schwartz, M.D.
name: Society of General Internal Medicine
name: Karani, R.
name: Dzeng, E.
name: Byhoff, E.
name: Memari, M.
name: Hartigan, S.
name: Volerman, A.
name: Gonzalez, C.M.
name: Earnest, M.
name: Roy, B.
name: DeSalvo, K.
name: Berkowitz, S.A.
name: Kangovi, S.
Publisher: name: Springer
Year: 2020

description: The Society of General Internal Medicine (SGIM) represents the world’s leading academic general internists, dedicated to creating a just system of care in which all people can achieve optimal health. SGIM recognizes that to achieve this vision, we must expand our reach beyond the medical office and hospital bedside to identify and address the broader structures and living conditions that influence health—the social determinants of health (SDOH). Centuries of institutionalized oppression in the form of racism, sexism, and other forms of bigotry have created and perpetuated disadvantage. These underlying social values have translated into public policies and structures which affect the distribution ofmoney and power across society. These in turn have shaped living conditions and access to resources, which influence health behaviors and access to care, and ultimately health outcomes. SGIM acknowledges the full spectrum of SDOH including upstream policies, midstream environmental and behavioral factors, and downstream individual and clinical issues. We highlight an important distinction between societal SDOH that require policy and systems-level change, with downstream unmet individual social needs, like homelessness or food insecurity. The entire range of SDOH impacts the work we do, our ability to care for our individual patients, our partnerships with local community organizations, and our impact on population health and equity. SDOH should also be integrated in how we teach future physicians and collaborate with our colleagues in public health, social work, government, research, and partners in non-health sectors.
Copepoda from deep-sea hydrothermal sites and cold seeps: description of a new species of Aphotopontius from the East Pacific Rise and general distribution
Creators: name: HUMES, Arthur G.
name: SEGONZAC, Michel
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 1998

description: Twenty-four poecilostomatoid and siphonostomatoid copepods are reported from hydrothermal sites in the eastern
 Pacific and on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. These include two siphonostomatoids from the East Pacific Rise: Aphotopontius
 rapunculus, new species, and Stygiopontius mirus, a species previously known only from the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Ecological
 remarks and a synoptic table of 67 species of copepods known at this time from hydrothermal sites and cold seeps are
 presented.
Degenerate Mobilities in Phase Field Models are Insufficient to Capture Surface Diffusion
Creators: name: Lee, Alpha A
name: Münch, Andreas
name: Süli, Endre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Phase field models frequently provide insight to phase transitions, and are robust numerical tools to solve free boundary problems corresponding to the motion of interfaces. A body of prior literature suggests that interface motion via surface diffusion is the long-time, sharp interface limit of microscopic phase field models such as the Cahn-Hilliard equation with a degenerate mobility function. Contrary to this conventional wisdom, we show that the long-time behaviour of degenerate Cahn-Hilliard equation with a polynomial free energy undergoes coarsening, reflecting the presence of bulk diffusion, rather than pure surface diffusion. This reveals an important limitation of phase field models that are frequently used to model surface diffusion.
title:  Regole del c.d. processo civile telematico e sistema del codice di rito
Creators: name: Impagnatiello, Gianpaolo
Publisher: name: Roma TrE-Press
Year: 2016

description: L’autore nota come alcune delle criticità derivanti dalla introduzione del processo civile telematico derivino da una distorsione della sua funzione e del suo scopo. È infatti spesso confuso con un sistema autonomo e diverso dal processo civile, con un proprio sistema di regole; ove sarebbe invece opportuno ricondurlo alla sua propria funzione di strumento al servizio del processo civile. Si propongono, dunque, alcune correzioni, nell’ottica di un riallineamento tra principi processuali e regole tecniche.
description: Scritti dedicati a Maurizio Converso
Orbital Parameters for the $250 M_\odot$ Eta Carinae Binary System
Creators: name: Kashi, Amit
name: Soker, Noam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that recent observations of He I and N II lines of $η$ Carinae may provide support for an orbital orientation where the secondary star is closest to us at periastron passages. This conclusion is valid both for the commonly assumed masses of the two stars, and for the higher stellar masses model where the very massive evolved primary star mass is $M_1=170 M_\odot$ and its hot secondary star mass is $M_2 = 80 M_\odot$. The later model better explains the change in the orbital period assuming that the ninetieth century Great Eruption was powered by accretion onto the secondary star. Adopting the commonly used high eccentricity $e \simeq 0.9$ and inclination $i=41^\circ$, we obtain a good fit to newly released Doppler shift observations of He I emission and absorption lines assuming they are emitted and absorbed in the acceleration zone of the secondary stellar wind. Our model in which the secondary star is in the foreground at periastron is opposite to the view presented recently in the literature.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ
Synaptic plasticity models for reinforcement learning
Creators: name: Zannone, Sara
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2019

description: Animal learning is based on a process of trial and error. This is a fundamental observation in behavioural psychology, but also the core idea of Reinforcement Learning (RL). As such, Reinforcement Learning provides a suitable theoretical framework to study animal learning, but little is known about how Reinforcement Learning is achieved at the level of the neural networks in our brain. In general, it is believed that salient information is stored in neural network by altering the connections between neurons, a process called synaptic plasticity. Here, we study how known plasticity models can give rise to Reinforcement Learning algorithms in simple models of hippocampal networks. \\ First, we present experimental results from synaptic plasticity experiments under the control of neuromulation: specifically dopamine and acetylcholine. Then, we incorporate these observations in a network model of a navigation task. We find that dopamine is responsible for reward-modulated learning, whereas acetylcholine affects exploration patterns and allows flexible learning in changing environments. Separately, we propose a biologically plausible plasticity rule that can learn a predictive representation of the environment, a concept borrowed from RL theory which is called the Successor Representation. We then analyse the learning dynamics of our network from a normative perspective and relate it to Temporal Difference (TD) methods, well known RL algorithms. This relationship with TD learning provides us with a powerful tool to study the role of various biological parameters in relationship to the RL algorithm. It allows us to propose a new mechanism for learning on behavioural timescales through STDP, and to postulate novel functional roles for neuronal activity patterns called replays. We also find that altering the timescale of the neuronal activity adds flexibility to the representation of the state space, which is useful for subgoal discovery and hierarchical reasoning.
Cost-minimization analysis of recombinant factor VIII Fc versus emicizumab for treating patients with hemophilia A without inhibitors in Europe
Creators: name: Mancuso, Maria Elisa
name: Castaman, Giancarlo
name: Pochopien, Michal
name: Aballéa, Samuel
name: Drzewiecka, Aleksandra
name: Hakimi, Zalmai
name: Nazir, Jameel
name: Fatoye, Francis
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: A cost-minimization model was developed to compare recombinant factor VIII Fc (rFVIIIFc) and emicizumab as prophylaxis for hemophilia A without inhibitors. The model was based on 100 patients from the healthcare payer perspective in the UK, France, Italy, Spain and Germany (5-year time horizon). Costs included: drug acquisition; emicizumab wastage by bodyweight (manufacturer’s dosing recommendations); additional FVIII for breakthrough bleeds. Scenario analyses (UK only): reduced emicizumab dosing frequency; emicizumab maximum wastage. Total incremental 5-year savings for rFVIIIFc rather than emicizumab use range from €89,320,131 to €149,990,408 in adolescents/adults (≥12 years) and €173,417,486 to €253,240,465 in children (<12 years). Emicizumab wastage accounts for 6% of its total cost in adolescents/adults and 26% in children. Reducing the emicizumab dosing frequency reduces the incremental cost savings with rFVIIIFc, but these remain substantial (adolescents/adults, >€92 million; children >€32 million). Maximum emicizumab wastage increases by 86% and 106%, respectively, increasing the incremental cost savings with rFVIIIFc to €125,352,125 and €105,872,727, respectively. Based on cost-minimization modelling, rFVIIIFc use for hemophilia A prophylaxis in patients without inhibitors is associated with substantial cost savings in Europe, reflecting not only higher acquisition costs of emicizumab, but also other costs including wastage related to available vial sizes.