cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Max-value Entropy Search for Multi-Objective Bayesian Optimization with Constraints
Creators: name: Belakaria, Syrine
name: Deshwal, Aryan
name: Doppa, Janardhan Rao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We consider the problem of constrained multi-objective blackbox optimization using expensive function evaluations, where the goal is to approximate the true Pareto set of solutions satisfying a set of constraints while minimizing the number of function evaluations. For example, in aviation power system design applications, we need to find the designs that trade-off total energy and the mass while satisfying specific thresholds for motor temperature and voltage of cells. This optimization requires performing expensive computational simulations to evaluate designs. In this paper, we propose a new approach referred as {\em Max-value Entropy Search for Multi-objective Optimization with Constraints (MESMOC)} to solve this problem. MESMOC employs an output-space entropy based acquisition function to efficiently select the sequence of inputs for evaluation to uncover high-quality pareto-set solutions while satisfying constraints. We apply MESMOC to two real-world engineering design applications to demonstrate its effectiveness over state-of-the-art algorithms.
description: 2 figure, 1 table. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2008.07029
Single-tone pulse sequences and robust two-tone shaped pulses for three silicon spin qubits with always-on exchange
Creators: name: Kanaar, David W.
name: Wolin, Sidney
name: Güngördü, Utkan
name: Kestner, J. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum computation requires high-fidelity single-qubit and two-qubit gates on a scalable platform. Silicon spin qubits are a promising platform toward realization of this goal. In this paper we show how to perform single-qubit and CZ gates in a linear chain of three spin qubits with always-on exchange coupling, which is relevant for certain dot- and donor-based silicon devices. We also show how to make the CZ gate robust against both charge noise and pulse length error using a two-tone pulse shaping method. The robust pulse maintains a fidelity of 99.99% at 3.5% fluctuations in exchange or pulse amplitude, which is an improvement over the uncorrected pulses where this fidelity can only be maintained for fluctuations in exchange up to 2% or up to 0.2% in amplitude.
description: 10 pages and 4 figures
Why there is something so close to nothing: towards a fundamental theory of the cosmological constant
Creators: name: Jejjala, Vishnu
name: Minic, Djordje
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The cosmological constant problem is turned around to argue for a new foundational physics postulate underlying a consistent quantum theory of gravity and matter, such as string theory. This postulate is a quantum equivalence principle which demands a consistent gauging of the geometric structure of canonical quantum theory. We argue that string theory can be formulated to accommodate such a principle, and that in such a theory the observed cosmological constant is a fluctuation about a zero value. This fluctuation arises from an uncertainty relation involving the cosmological constant and the effective volume of spacetime. The measured, small vacuum energy is dynamically tied to the large size of the universe, thus violating naive decoupling between small and large scales. The numerical value is related to the scale of cosmological supersymmetry breaking, supersymmetry being needed for a non-perturbative stability of local Minkowski spacetime regions in the classical regime.
description: 19 pages, LaTeX; v.2: references added
Text: Gold
Creators: name: Umenda, Bautista
name: Dabkowski, Maksymilian
name: Quenamá, Leidy
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: con

description: There used to be a lot of gold in Sinangoé, because the ancestors took care of it, while nowadays there is little gold because of the mestizos who came to the community.
Basic Assumptions: Working Paper for Analyses Under the Forest and Range Land Renewable Resources Planning Act of 1974 and the Soil and Water Resources Conservation Act of 1977 (Draft)
Creators: name: Interagency Assessment And Appraisal Liaison Committee
name: Service, Forest
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1988
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Crop Production/Industries
Financial Economics
Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
International Relations/Trade
Land Economics/Use
Livestock Production/Industries
Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: Table of Contents: Preface --- Major Changes in Assumptions (Population - Gross National Product - Energy Costs - Beef, Veal, Lamb, and Mutton Consumption --- Introduction --- Population --- Gross National Product --- Disposable Personal Income --- Institutional and Technological Change --- Capital Availability --- Beef, Veal, Lamb, And Mutton Consumption --- Distribution of Agricultural Trade Among U. S. Ports --- Land Areas by Class of Land --- Projections of Land Area by Cover Type --- Agricultural Technology --- Land Conversion Rates --- Conversion for Pasture/Rangeland and Forest Land --- Federal Grazing Resources – Interest Rates --- Other Assumptions.
description: A Technical Document Supporting the 1989 RPA Assessment -- This paper is a working draft of the chapter on basic assumptions that will be used in the 1989 RPA Assessment. It is also a supporting document for the RCA Appraisal.
Progenitor Mass Distribution for 22 Historic Core-Collapse Supernovae
Creators: name: Díaz-Rodríguez, Mariangelly
name: Murphy, Jeremiah W.
name: Williams, Benjamin F.
name: Dalcanton, Julianne J.
name: Dolphin, Andrew E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We infer the progenitor mass distribution for 22 historic core-collapse supernovae (CCSNe) using a Bayesian hierarchical model. For this inference, we use the local star formation histories to estimate the age for each supernova (SN). These star formation histories often show multiple bursts of star formation; our model assumes that one burst is associated with the SN progenitor and the others are random bursts of star formation. The primary inference is the progenitor age distribution. Due to the limited number of historic SNe and highly uncertain star formation at young ages, we restrict our inference to the slope of the age distribution and the maximum age for CCSNe. Using single-star evolutionary models, we transform the progenitor age distribution into a progenitor mass distribution. Under these assumptions, the minimum mass for CCSNe is ${M_\textrm{min}}~=~8.60^{+0.37}_{-0.41} \ M_\odot$ and the slope of the progenitor mass distribution is $α= -2.61^{+1.05}_{-1.18}$. The power-law slope for the progenitor mass distribution is consistent with the standard Salpeter initial mass function ($α= -2.35$). These values are consistent with previous estimates using precursor imaging and the age-dating technique, further confirming that using stellar populations around SN and supernova remnants is a reliable way to infer the progenitor masses.
Light from Schwarzschild Black Holes in de Sitter expanding universe
Creators: name: Cotaescu, Ion I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new method is applied for deriving the redshift and shadow of a Schwarzschild black hole moving freely in the de Sitter expanding universe as recorded by a co-moving remote observer. This method is manly algebraic focusing on the transformation of the conserved quantities under the de Sitter isometry relating the black hole proper co-moving frame to observer's one. Hereby one extracts the general expressions of the redshifts and shadows of the black holes having peculiar velocities but their expressions are too extended to be written down here. Therefore, only some particular cases and intuitive expansions are presented while the complete results are given in an algebraic code on computer \cite{Comp}.
description: 24 pages, 3 figs
Path integrals and symmetry breaking for optimal control theory
Creators: name: Kappen, H. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper considers linear-quadratic control of a non-linear dynamical system subject to arbitrary cost. I show that for this class of stochastic control problems the non-linear Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equation can be transformed into a linear equation. The transformation is similar to the transformation used to relate the classical Hamilton-Jacobi equation to the Schrödinger equation. As a result of the linearity, the usual backward computation can be replaced by a forward diffusion process, that can be computed by stochastic integration or by the evaluation of a path integral. It is shown, how in the deterministic limit the PMP formalism is recovered. The significance of the path integral approach is that it forms the basis for a number of efficient computational methods, such as MC sampling, the Laplace approximation and the variational approximation. We show the effectiveness of the first two methods in number of examples. Examples are given that show the qualitative difference between stochastic and deterministic control and the occurrence of symmetry breaking as a function of the noise.
description: 21 pages, 6 figures, submitted to JSTAT
Estimates for Pion-Photon Transition Distributions
Creators: name: Tiburzi, B. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the scaling regime, amplitudes for backward virtual Compton scattering and hadron annihilation into two photons depend on structure functions that describe the hadron-photon transition at the partonic level. We construct simple analytical models for the vector and axial-vector pion-photon transition distribution amplitudes based on double distributions. Via a sum rule, these models are tuned to reproduce the pion-photon transition form factors. To obtain reasonable estimates of the distributions at a low scale, we modify the models to saturate the positivity bounds using empirically parametrized parton distributions. We also determine a model-independent contribution to the axial-vector transition distribution using chiral perturbation theory.
description: 14 pages, 5 figures, Refs. added
Bilarge neutrino mixing in R-parity violating supersymmetry: the role of right-chiral neutrino superfields
Creators: name: Mukhopadhyaya, Biswarup
name: Srikanth, Raghavendra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the possibility of neutrino mass generation in a supersymmetric model where lepton number can be violated by odd units. The different patterns of mixing in the quark and lepton sectors are attributed to the persence of right-chiral neutrino superfields which (a) enter into Yukawa couplings via non-renormalizable interaction with hidden sector fields, and (b) can violate lepton number by odd units. Both of these features are shown to be the result of some global quantum number which is violated when SUSY is broken in the hidden sector. It is shown how such a scenario, together with all known R-parity violating effects, can lead to neutrino masses and bilarge mixing via seesaw as well as radiative mechanisms. Some sample values of the various parameters involved, consistent with electroweak symmetry breaking constraints, are presented as illustrations.
description: 19 pages. Minor modificaitons are made in the text. This version is to appear in Physical Review D
Generalized decoding, effective channels, and simplified security proofs in quantum key distribution
Creators: name: Renes, Joseph M.
name: Grassl, Markus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Prepare and measure quantum key distribution protocols can be decomposed into two basic steps: delivery of the signals over a quantum channel and distillation of a secret key from the signal and measurement records by classical processing and public communication. Here we formalize the distillation process for a general protocol in a purely quantum-mechanical framework and demonstrate that it can be viewed as creating an ``effective'' quantum channel between the legitimate users Alice and Bob. The process of secret key generation can then be viewed as entanglement distribution using this channel, which enables application of entanglement-based security proofs to essentially any prepare and measure protocol. To ensure secrecy of the key, Alice and Bob must be able to estimate the channel noise from errors in the key, and we further show how symmetries of the distillation process simplify this task. Applying this method, we prove the security of several key distribution protocols based on equiangular spherical codes.
description: 9.1 pages REVTeX. (v3): published version. (v2): revised for improved presentation; content unchanged
The cosmological constant problem in codimension-two brane models
Creators: name: Schwindt, Jan-Markus
name: Wetterich, Christof
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the possibility of a dynamical solution to the cosmological constant problem in the contaxt of six-dimensional Einstein-Maxwell theory. A definite answer requires an understanding of the full bulk cosmology in the early universe, in which the bulk has time-dependent size and shape. We comment on the special properties of codimension two as compared to higher codimensions.
description: 11 pages
Code choice in the Vietnamese community in Sydney
Creators: name: Nguyen, Thy Tan Lan
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Vietnamese language Australia Sydney (N.S.W)
subject: Vietnamese language Vietnam
subject: Linguistics Research Vietnam
subject: Linguistics Research Australia Sydney (N.S.W)

description: Approximately 0.9% of the Australian population speak Vietnamese at home (2001 Census), putting Vietnamese in the group of minority languages that have the most speakers in the country. Like other migrant communities, the question of what is happening to the native language of this socially dynamic and relatively young migrant community due to linguistic and socio-cultural contact is inherently an interesting one and will contribute to the long-term study of this community and its language. The data of this thesis was collected during fieldwork undertaken in Sydney (which hosts more than one-third of the overall Vietnamese population) and Vietnam by the researcher in 2007. The purpose of these field trips was to study the idiosyncratic linguistic features of the Vietnamese Australians' speech and how the individuals in this community use their linguistic repertoire (Vietnamese and English) strategically. The field trip in Vietnam took place when the researcher followed a three-generation Vietnamese family who went back to Vietnam for a two-week holiday. The opportunity to study language behaviour of a three-generation family allowed me to obtain valuable insights into the role of older family members in the maintenance of the native language as well as traditional social and cultural values. Among idiosyncratic linguistic features found in the participants' speech include the tendency of using English personal pronouns in lieu of Vietnamese addressing/referring terms in Viet speech and the opposite tendency of using Vietnamese free forms of address in English discourse. These practices provide great insights into people's perceptions of traditional social and cultural values as well as Australian social and cultural values. They also provide evidence for contemporary linguistic debates.
Multiferroic order parameters in rhombic antiferromagnets. RCrO$_3$
Creators: name: Zvezdin, A. K.
name: Gareeva, Z. V.
name: Chen, X. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we explore magneteoelectricity of rare earth orthochromites from the symmetry point of view. We determine the principal structural order parameters and find their couplings with ferroelectric and magnetic orderings. Our calculations showed that electric dipole moments emerge in the vicinity of Cr3+ ions in the unit cell of RCrO3 due to the displacements of oxygen ions from their highly symmetric positions in the parent perovskite phase (structural instability). We find that the electric dipole moments are arranged in an antiferroelectric mode, so, in essence, RCrO3 are antiferroelectric materials. By classifying the order parameters according to the irreducible representations of the RCrO3 symmetry group (D2h16), we determine the possible couplings between distortive, ferroelectric and magnetic orderings and explore the emerging magnetoelectric structures in these terms. Our analysis makes it possible to explain experimentally observed polarization reversal and the concomitant reorientation of spins in a series of RCrO3 compounds and to predict the possible scenarios of phase transitions in RCrO3.
description: 23 pages, 6 figures
The light MSSM Higgs boson mass for large $\tanβ$ and complex input parameters
Creators: name: Bahl, Henning
name: Sobolev, Ivan
name: Weiglein, Georg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss various improvements of the prediction for the light MSSM Higgs boson mass in the hybrid framework of the public code FeynHiggs, which combines fixed-order and effective field theory results. First, we discuss the resummation of logarithmic contributions proportional to the bottom-Yukawa coupling including two-loop $Δ_b$ resummation. For large $\tanβ$, these improvements can lead to large upward shifts of the Higgs mass compared to the existing fixed-order calculations. Second, we improve the implemented EFT calculation by fully taking into account the effect of $\mathcal{CP}$-violating phases. As a third improvement, we discuss the inclusion of partial N$^3$LL resummation. The presented improvements will be implemented into FeynHiggs.
description: 53 pages, 9 figures, 12 ancillary files; v2: matches version published in EPJC;
Compatible Triangulations and Point Partitions by Series-Triangular Graphs
Creators: name: Danciger, Jeff
name: Devadoss, Satyan L.
name: Sheehy, Don
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Computational Geometry (cs.CG)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We introduce series-triangular graph embeddings and show how to partition point sets with them. This result is then used to improve the upper bound on the number of Steiner points needed to obtain compatible triangulations of point sets. The problem is generalized to finding compatible triangulations for more than two point sets and we show that such triangulations can be constructed with only a linear number of Steiner points added to each point set.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures
On the Mutual Interference between Spaceborne SARs: Modeling, Characterization, and Mitigation
Creators: name: Yang, Huizhang
name: Tao, Mingliang
name: Chen, Shengyao
name: Xi, Feng
name: Liu, Zhong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Since by the International Telecommunications Union (ITU) regulatory the radio spectrum available to spaceborne synthetic aperture radar (SAR) is restricted to certain limited frequency intervals, there are many different spaceborne SAR systems sharing common frequency bands. Due to this reason, it is reported that two spaceborne SARs at orbit cross positions can potentially cause severe mutual interference. Specifically, the transmitting signal of a SAR, typically linear frequency modulated (LFM), can be directly received by the side or back lobes of another SAR's antenna, causing radiometric artefacts in the focused image. This paper tries to model and characterize the artefacts, and study efficient methods for mitigating them. To this end, we formulate an analytical model for describing the artefact, which reveals that the mutual interference can introduce a two-dimensional LFM radiometric artefact in image domain with a limited spatial extent. We show that the artefact is low-rank based on range-azimuth decoupling analysis and two-dimensional high-order Taylor expansion. Based on the low rank model, we show that two methods, i.e., principle component analysis and its robust variant, can be adopted to efficiently mitigate the artefact via processing in image domain. The former method has the advantage of fast processing speed, for example, a sub-swath of Sentinel-1 interferometric wide swath image can be processed within 70 seconds via block-wise operation, whereas the latter provides improved accuracy for sparse point-like scatterers. Experiment results demonstrate that the radiometric artefacts caused by mutual interference in Sentinel-1 level-1 images can be efficiently mitigated via the proposed methods.
description: Accepted by IEEE TGRS
MPEC 2024-A79 : 2024 AP1
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2024 AP1

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Exact Ground States of Large Two-Dimensional Planar Ising Spin Glasses
Creators: name: Pardella, Gregor
name: Liers, Frauke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Studying spin-glass physics through analyzing their ground-state properties has a long history. Although there exist polynomial-time algorithms for the two-dimensional planar case, where the problem of finding ground states is transformed to a minimum-weight perfect matching problem, the reachable system sizes have been limited both by the needed CPU time and by memory requirements. In this work, we present an algorithm for the calculation of exact ground states for two-dimensional Ising spin glasses with free boundary conditions in at least one direction. The algorithmic foundations of the method date back to the work of Kasteleyn from the 1960s for computing the complete partition function of the Ising model. Using Kasteleyn cities, we calculate exact ground states for huge two-dimensional planar Ising spin-glass lattices (up to 3000x3000 spins) within reasonable time. According to our knowledge, these are the largest sizes currently available. Kasteleyn cities were recently also used by Thomas and Middleton in the context of extended ground states on the torus. Moreover, they show that the method can also be used for computing ground states of planar graphs. Furthermore, we point out that the correctness of heuristically computed ground states can easily be verified. Finally, we evaluate the solution quality of heuristic variants of the Bieche et al. approach.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures; shortened introduction, extended results; to appear in Physical Review E 78
State numeracy : a history of the recording of information in Siam 1890-1925
Creators: name: Dilokvidhyarat, Tamthai
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Thailand. Samnaknga{u0304}n Sathiti h{u00E6}{u0304}ng Cha{u0304}t
subject: Thailand History 20th Century
subject: Thailand Statistics History
subject: Thailand Census History

description: From the last decade of the nineteenth century, the Siamese government developed many kinds of systems for recording empirical information in order to support the modern state administration. During the 1890s, the government began to register households in order to count the number of people in each locality. With such information, the government could collect taxes directly from the people, maintain law and order within the country and take care of the people's life more closely. After the registration of households was applied throughout the kingdom, the government took another step. In the 1900s, the government began to conduct a census. In 1904, the first census was taken, but its study area was limited to only twelve out of nineteen administrative provinces. It was only in 1909 that the first census was conducted for the whole country. The information received from the census not only provided the government with the number of people that could be used for conscription, more importantly, it was also very useful for the merchants who wanted to do business in the country. While preparing for the first census in Siam, the government also worked on another system for recording information: vital statistics. Such information helped the government improve public health conditions in Bangkok and other provinces which had worsened after Siam merged into the network of international trade. Although information collected by this recording instrument was far from accurate, vital statistics helped the state take care of its people in a way that the government in previous eras could not. Finally, after spending twenty years developing the system for recording information, the government decided to establish a department responsible for collecting empirical information. In 1915, the Department of Commerce and Statistics was founded. Its primary task was to collect every kind of empirical data that the government needed for developing the country to meet the higher level of development. The reform of the systems for recording information might be considered by some historians as a minor part of the administrative reforms, but it was very crucial in the political history of Siam. Firstly, development of the system for recording information allowed the central government to rule from a distance and enabled the state to extend its power to every part of its territory in order to develop itself into a modern nation-state. Secondly, the modern system for recording information provided the state with information that the state needed to perform its functions effectively. Lastly, the modern system for recording information objectified a "fact" about Thai society by providing a new vocabulary and a new way of thinking about politics and governing.
The Production of DNA Damaging Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) by Some Natural Products:  A Comparative Analysis
Creators: name: Obayuwana, Erhunmwense
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2023

description:
The complex interaction within the metabolic pathways of organic substances such as quinones presents a captivating network of biochemical reactions that can significantly impact the viability of cells. These various molecules, each possessing distinct characteristics and roles, come together in an intricate web, resulting in the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). This can ultimately lead to cell death and cell damage, achieved in part through the reaction of these substances via chemical or light-induced DNA cleavage. Utilizing spectrometric analysis, the characteristics of five biogenetic quinones (Vit B2, aloe-emodin, rhein, co-enzyme Q0, and thymoquinone) were assessed, whereas, in the case of determining DNA damage, gel electrophoresis was employed. Spectral results showed the stability of all compounds in neutral aqueous solutions and in some cases evidence of quinone aggregation and/or DNA interaction. Our analyses outcome unveiled the prospective pro-oxidant attributes of vitamin B2 in the presence of the biogenic reducing agents reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) and reduced glutathione (GSH) and/or under UV irradiation. Aloe-emodin, on the other hand, only showed some level of DNA photocleavage when NADH was present. The assessment of ROS production through fluorometric analyses suggested that vitamin B2 inflicts DNA damage by producing hydroxyl radicals ( .OH). In contrast, aloe-emodin showed no fluorescence signals indicative of hydroxyl radical production.
POSTes de Fotografia: CIÊNCIA PARTICIPATIVA PARA A GESTÃO DO LITORAL
Creators: name: Gonçalves, Luís
name: Veiga-Pires, Cristina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Ciência P

description: O presente projeto pretende desenvolver a Ciência Participativa na área da investigação em gestão do litoral envolvendo a sociedade, população local e/ou turistas, na obtenção de informação fotográfica sobre o estado e a evolução de uma zona litoral. O litoral algarvio é visitado por milhares de pessoas que todos os dias passeiam à beira mar e fotografam a paisagem. Por outro lado, a gestão do litoral necessita de uma observação contínua e periódica. Finalmente, o Centro Ciência Viva do Algarve procura uma maneira de mostrar a variabilidade especial e temporal do ambiente que o rodeia. Destas três constatações nasce o presente projeto utilizando um conceito já implementado no Glendalough PhotoPost Project (Irlanda). Trata-se de colocar um poste fixo com uma inscrição indicando onde pousar o aparelho para fotografar a paisagem e para onde mandar a foto. A recolha das fotografias numa página de internet e de facebook permite aos participantes aperceberem-se da evolução diária do litoral. A informação obtida é por sua vez utilizada pelos investigadores da Universidade do Algarve e pela Agência para o Ambiente de forma a desenvolver uma melhor gestão do litoral.
description: Acknowledgment to ANCCT - Ciência Viva for funding the project
Diffuse Light in the Virgo Cluster
Creators: name: Mihos, Chris
name: Harding, Paul
name: Feldmeier, John
name: Morrison, Heather
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present deep optical imaging of the inner 1.5 x 1.5 degrees of the Virgo cluster to search for diffuse intracluster light (ICL). Our image reaches a 1 sigma depth of mu_v=28.5 mag/arcsec^2 -- 1.5 mag/arcsec^2 deeper than previous surveys -- and reveals an intricate web of diffuse intracluster light. We see several long (>100 kpc) tidal streamers, as well as a myriad of smaller-scale tidal tails and bridges between galaxies. The diffuse halo of M87 is traced out to nearly 200 kpc, appearing very irregular on these scales, while significant diffuse light is also detected around the M84/M86 pair. Several galaxies in the core are embedded in common envelopes, suggesting they are true physical subgroups. The complex substructure of Virgo's diffuse ICL reflects the hierarchical nature of cluster assembly, rather than being the product of smooth accretion around a central galaxy.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ Letters
Variational quantum solver employing the PDS energy functional
Creators: name: Peng, Bo
name: Kowalski, Karol
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently a new class of quantum algorithms that are based on the quantum computation of the connected moment expansion has been reported to find the ground and excited state energies. In particular, the Peeters-Devreese-Soldatov (PDS) formulation is found variational and bearing the potential for further combining with the existing variational quantum infrastructure. Here we find that the PDS formulation can be considered as a new energy functional of which the PDS energy gradient can be employed in a conventional variational quantum solver. In comparison with the usual variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) and the original static PDS approach, this new variational quantum solver offers an effective approach to navigate the dynamics to be free from getting trapped in the local minima that refer to different states, and achieve high accuracy at finding the ground state and its energy through the rotation of the trial wave function of modest quality, thus improves the accuracy and efficiency of the quantum simulation. We demonstrate the performance of the proposed variational quantum solver for toy models, H$_2$ molecule, and strongly correlated planar H$_4$ system in some challenging situations. In all the case studies, the proposed variational quantum approach outperforms the usual VQE and static PDS calculations even at the lowest order. We also discuss the limitations of the proposed approach and its preliminary execution for model Hamiltonian on the NISQ device.
Synthesis of Novel Tryptophan Drug Candidates for Thera(g)nositcs for the Human Calcium Receptor
Creators: name: Goodman, Matthew
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2024

description:
The calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) is a protein receptor responsible for maintaining the body's calcium and magnesium levels. There is a large unmet medical need for diseases associated with this receptor. CaSR calcimimetics and calcilytics, agonists, and antagonists, respectively, are excellent candidates as therapeutics  a tryptophan derivative is known as L-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronorharman-3-carboxylic acid (TNCA) was first discovered when the crystal structure of the extracellular domain of CaSR was produced. TNCA was found to be a co-agonist of CaSR, calcium, and magnesium. We performed structure-activity (SAR) studies of several nonradioactive fluorine, iodine, and bromine analogs of TNCA obtained via the Pictet-Spingler Cyclization reaction. Several analogs showed promise as agonists and antagonists for CaSR. A fluorine-containing candidate was chosen for radiolabeling with the positron-emitting radioelement [18F]fluorine by aromatic nucleophilic substitution with a boron pinacol ester precursor for preclinical evaluation as a CaSR imaging agent.
Profundulidae
Creators: name: Hernández-Ávila, Sonia Gabriela
name: Hoagstrom, Christopher W.
name: Matamoros, Wilfredo A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Cyprinodontiformes
Profundulidae

description: Profundulidae
The major node within Profundulidae 30.7–14.2 Mya (Fig. 3, node 5) separates Profundulus Hubbs, 1924 from Tlaloc Álvarez and Carranza, 1951. Tlaloc occurs across the Chiapas Massif and adjacent highlands within the Río Grijalva drainage (Miller 1955, Cashner and Echelle 2020). The Upper Río Grijalva flows northwest until making an abrupt turn northeast, suggesting capture from a north-flowing river, possibly the ancestral Río Uxpanapa or Tonalá. This capture could have been caused by uplift of the northwestern Chiapas Massif 30–25 Mya (Witt et al. 2012) or head-cutting of the lower Río Grijalva during a period of extensive erosion 35–25 Mya (Abdullin et al. 2016) and potentially explains the distinctiveness of the Upper Grijalva fish community (Elías et al. 2020). Divergence of Tlaloc from Profundulus, which probably arose in an ancestral Río Coatzacoalcos (Fig. 8), provides an estimate for timing of this capture (Table 2).
Notably, Profundulus is now largely restricted to Pacific slope drainages (Domínguez-Cisneros et al. 2023). Presuming that Miocene, upland Profundulus no longer tolerated high-salinity or coastal environments, rising sea levels could explain the rarity of Profundulus on the Gulf slope, as proposed for Herichthys Baird & Girard, 1854 (Pérez-Miranda et al. 2020). During the Middle Miocene Climatic Optimum (MMCO) 17.0–13.8 Mya (Miller et al. 2020b), seas inundated broad areas north and east of the Sierra Madre del Sur and Chiapas Massif (Blakey and Ranney 2018). Our chronogram indicates that diversification within Profundulus occurred thereafter (Fig. 3), potentially from one refugial population.
description: Published as part of Hernández-Ávila, Sonia Gabriela, Hoagstrom, Christopher W. & Matamoros, Wilfredo A., 2024, Historical biogeography of North American killifishes (Cyprinodontiformes) recapitulates geographical history in the Gulf of México watershed in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 202 (2), DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae105, http://zenodo.org/record/14508841
Radiative Corrections to Bremsstrahlung in Radiative Return
Creators: name: Yost, Scott A.
name: Jadach, S.
name: Ward, B. F. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Radiating a photon from the initial state provides a useful tool for studying a range of low energy physics using a high-energy e+ e- accelerator. Accurate results require careful calculation of the first order virtual photon corrections. We compare exact results for initial state radiative corrections, finding agreement to an order of 10^{-5} or better as a fraction of the Born cross-section for most of the range of photon energies, at CMS energies relevant in both high-energy collision and radiative return experiments.
description: Presented at the Cracow Epiphany Conference on Hadron Spectroscopy, Jan. 4-8, 2005 (7 pages, 4 figures, style package included)
3-D macro/microporous-nanofibrous bacterial cellulose scaffolds seeded with BMP-2 preconditioned mesenchymal stem cells exhibit remarkable potential for bone tissue engineering
Creators: name: Dubey, Swati
name: Mishra, Rutusmita
name: Roy, Partha
name: Singh, R. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: Tissues and Organs (q-bio.TO)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Bone repair using BMP-2 is a promising therapeutic approach in clinical practices, however, high dosages required to be effective pose issues of cost and safety. The present study explores the potential of low dose BMP-2 treatment via tissue engineering approach, which amalgamates 3-D macro/microporous-nanofibrous bacterial cellulose (mNBC) scaffolds and low dose BMP-2 primed murine mesenchymal stem cells (C3H10T1/2 cells). Initial studies on cell-scaffold interaction using unprimed C3H10T1/2 cells confirmed that scaffolds provided a propitious environment for cell adhesion, growth, and infiltration, owing to its ECM-mimicking nano-micro-macro architecture. Osteogenic studies were conducted by preconditioning the cells with 50 ng/mL BMP-2 for 15 minutes, followed by culturing on mNBC scaffolds for up to three weeks. The results showed an early onset and significantly enhanced bone matrix secretion and maturation in the scaffolds seeded with BMP-2 primed cells compared to the unprimed ones. Moreover, mNBC scaffolds alone were able to facilitate the mineralization of cells to some extent. These findings suggest that, with the aid of 'osteoinduction' from low dose BMP-2 priming of stem cells and 'osteoconduction' from nano-macro/micro topography of mNBC scaffolds, a cost-effective bone tissue engineering strategy can be designed for quick and excellent in vivo osseointegration.
On presentations of generalizations of braids with few generators
Creators: name: Vershinin, Vladimir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 20F36, Secondary 20F38, 20M05

description: In his initial paper on braids E.Artin gave a presentation with two generators for an arbitrary braid group. We give analogues of this Artin's presentation for various generalizations of braids.
description: 8 pages
The world is not a theorem
Creators: name: Kauffman, Stuart A.
name: Roli, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The evolution of the biosphere unfolds as a luxuriant generative process of new living forms and functions. Organisms adapt to their environment, exploit novel opportunities that are created in this continuous blooming dynamics. Affordances play a fundamental role in the evolution of the biosphere, for organisms can exploit them for new morphological and behavioral adaptations achieved by heritable variations and selection. This way, the opportunities offered by affordances are then actualized as ever novel adaptations. In this paper we maintain that affordances elude a formalization that relies on set theory: we argue that it is not possible to apply set theory to affordances, therefore we cannot devise a set-based mathematical theory of the diachronic evolution of the biosphere.
description: Minor changes in abstract and sec.2 Added a paragraph in sec.3 on the role of non-ergodicity; added also a paragraph on Turing machines and syntactic information. Sec.5 added a paragraph for clarifying the difference between our statement and the case of chaotic dynamical systems
นาคาคติในสังคมเขมร
Creators: name: ชาญชัย คงเพียรธรรม
Publisher: name: Center for Research on Plurality in the Mekong Region (CERP)
Year: 2015
Subjects: Naga, Cambodian society, religious syncretism

description: 3, 11, Journal of Mekong Societies
Prerequisite for superconductivity: appropriate spin-charge correlations
Creators: name: De Cao, Tian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This work investigates the relation between superconductivity and correlations. A simple calculation shows that the appropriate spin-charge correlation is the key role to any superconductivity, and this calculation is consistent with the analyses of unusual properties of superconductors. (Note: the Tc of this model is not given clearly in this work, but we have advanced this mechanism to a t-x model which includes various superconductivities and magnetisms (please see arXiv:0707.3660 and following works).)
description: 7pages
จากอินเดียสู่เอเชียตะวันออกเฉียงใต้ : การเดินทางของพระพิฆเนศ
Creators: name: ฐิติรัตน์ เวทย์ศิริยานันท์
name: วิยุทธ์ จำรัสพันธุ์
name: สมศักดิ์ ศรีสันติสุข
Publisher: name: Center for Research on Plurality in the Mekong Region (CERP)
Year: 2015
Subjects: Lord Ganesha, belief, Southeast Asia

description: 3, 11, Journal of Mekong Societies
Cavity optomechanics assisted by optical coherent feedback
Creators: name: Harwood, Alfred
name: Brunelli, Matteo
name: Serafini, Alessio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a wide family of optical coherent feedback loops acting on an optomechanical system operating in the linearized regime. We assess the efficacy of such loops in improving key operations, such as cooling, steady-state squeezing and entanglement, as well as optical to mechanical state transfer. We find that mechanical sideband cooling can be enhanced through passive, interferometric coherent feedback, achieving lower steady-state occupancies and considerably speeding up the cooling process; we also quantify the detrimental effect of non-zero delay times on the cooling performance. Steady state entanglement generation in the blue sideband can also be assisted by passive interferometric feedback, which allows one to stabilise otherwise unstable systems, though active feedback (including squeezing elements) does not help to this aim. We show that active feedback loops only allow for the generation of optical, but not mechanical squeezing. Finally, we prove that passive feedback can assist state transfer at transient times for red-sideband driven systems in the strong coupling regime.
description: 12 Pages, 5 Figures
On smoothness-asymmetric null infinities
Creators: name: Kroon, JA Valiente
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the existence of asymptotically Euclidean initial data sets to the vacuum Einstein field equations which would give rise (modulo an existence result for the evolution equations near spatial infinity) to developments with a past and a future null infinity of different smoothness. For simplicity, the analysis is restricted to the class of conformally flat, axially symmetric initial data sets. It is shown how the free parameters in the second fundamental form of the data can be used to satisfy certain obstructions to the smoothness of null infinity. The resulting initial data sets could be interpreted as those of some sort of (non-linearly) distorted Schwarzschild black hole. Its developments would be so that they admit a peeling future null infinity, but at the same time have a polyhomogeneous (non-peeling) past null infinity.
description: 13 pages, 1 figure
Evento corporate num Centro Ciência Viva: O caso da festa de Natal da ANA
Creators: name: Reis, Emanuel
name: Miguel, Carlos
name: Ferreira, Clara
name: Carvalho, Cristina
name: Veiga–Pires, Cristina
name: Dias, Filipe
name: Oliveira, Jorge
name: Mariano, José
name: Gonçalves, Luis
name: Quinteiro, Marco
name: Romão, Mónica
name: Gomes, Tiago
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: STEAM
Science Museum
Corporate

description: Perante uma conjuntura de forte contenção financeira, a diversificação de fontes de financiamento torna-se essencial para dar sustentabilidade a um Centro de Ciência. Porém, esta necessidade não deve colocar em segundo plano o papel pedagógico da instituição e as finalidades para que foi criada e existe. A presente comunicação pretende dar a conhecer a abordagem utilizada pelo Centro de Ciência Viva do Algarve em resposta a um pedido de cedência de instalações para a realização de uma festa de Natal para os filhos dos empregados de uma empresa.
A new 2D auxetic CN2 nanostructure with high energy density and mechanical strength
Creators: name: Wei, Qun
name: Yang, Ying
name: Gavrilov, Alexander
name: Peng, Xihong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The existence of a new two dimensional CN2 structure was predicted using ab-initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) and density-functional theory calculations. It consists tetragonal and hexagonal rings with C-N and N-N bonds arranged in a buckling plane, isostructural to tetrahex-carbon allotrope. It is thermodynamically and kinetically stable suggested by its phonon spectrum and AIMD. This nanosheet has high concentration of N and contains N-N single bonds with an energy density of 6.3 kJ/g, indicating potential applications as high energy density materials. It possesses exotic mechanical properties with negative Poisson's ratio and an anisotropic Young's modulus. The modulus in the zigzag direction is predicted to be 340 N/m, stiffer than h-BN and penta-CN2 sheets and comparable to graphene. Its ideal strength of 28.8 N/m outperforms that of penta-graphene. The material maintains phonon stability upon the application of uniaxial strain up to 10% (13%) in the zigzag (armchair) direction or biaxial strain up to 5%. It possesses a wide indirect HSE band gap of 4.57 eV which is tunable between 3.37 - 4.57 eV through strain. Double-layer structures are also explored. Such unique properties may have potential applications in high energy density materials, nanomechanics and electronics.
description: 24 pages, 10 figures, 2 tables. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2012.07841