cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Sequestered Dark Matter
Creators: name: Harling, B. v.
name: Hebecker, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that hidden-sector dark matter is a generic feature of the type IIB string theory landscape and that its lifetime may allow for a discovery through the observation of very energetic gamma-rays produced in the decay. Throats or, equivalently, conformally sequestered hidden sectors are common in flux compactifications and the energy deposited in these sectors can be calculated if the reheating temperature of the standard model sector is known. Assuming that throats with various warp factors are available in the compact manifold, we determine which throats maximize the late-time abundance of sequestered dark matter. For such throats, this abundance agrees with cosmological data if the standard model reheating temperature was 10^10 - 10^11 GeV. In two distinct scenarios, the mass of dark matter particles, i.e. the IR scale of the throat, is either around 10^5 GeV or around 10^10 GeV. The lifetime and the decay channels of our dark matter candidates depend crucially on the fact that the Klebanov-Strassler throat is supersymmetric. Furthermore, the details of supersymmetry breaking both in the throat and in the visible sector play an essential role. We identify a number of scenarios where this type of dark matter can be discovered via gamma-ray observations.
description: 36 pages, 3 figures; v2: references added, v3: introduction extended and typos corrected
Particle Tracking with Space Charge Effects using Graphics Processing Unit
Creators: name: Kurimoto, Yoshinori
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Particle tracking simulations with space charge effects are very important for high-intensity proton rings. Since they include not only Hamilton mechanics of a single particle but constructing charge densities and solving Poisson equations to obtain the electromagnetic field due to the space charge, they are extremely time-consuming. We have newly developed a particle tracking simulation code that can be used in Graphics Processing Units (GPU). GPUs have strong capacities of parallel processing so that the calculation of single-particle mechanics can be done very fast by complete parallelization. Our new code also includes the space charge effect. It must construct charge densities, which cannot be completely parallelized. For the charge density construction, we can use shared memory which can be accessed very fast from each thread. The usage of shared memory is another advantage of GPU computing. As a result of our new development, we increase the speed of our particle tracking including space charge effect approximately 10 times faster than that in the case of our conventional code used in CPU.
description: 7 pages, 9 figures, the Conference Record of 22nd IEEE Real Time Conference
Magellanic satellites in $Λ$CDM cosmological hydrodynamical simulations of the Local Group
Creators: name: Santos-Santos, Isabel M. E.
name: Fattahi, Azadeh
name: Sales, Laura V.
name: Navarro, Julio F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the APOSTLE $Λ$CDM cosmological hydrodynamical simulations of the Local Group to study the recent accretion of massive satellites into the halo of Milky Way (MW)-sized galaxies. These systems are selected to be close analogues to the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC), the most massive satellite of the MW. The simulations allow us to address, in a cosmological context, the impact of the Clouds on the MW, including the contribution of Magellanic satellites to the MW satellite population, and the constraints placed on the Galactic potential by the motion of the LMC. We show that LMC-like satellites are twice more common around Local Group-like primaries than around isolated halos of similar mass; these satellites come from large turnaround radii and are on highly eccentric orbits whose velocities at first pericentre are comparable with the primary's escape velocity. This implies $V_{\rm esc}^{\rm MW} (50 $ kpc$)\sim 365$ km/s, a strong constraint on Galactic potential models. LMC analogues contribute about 2 satellites with $M_*>10^5\, M_\odot$, having thus only a mild impact on the luminous satellite population of their hosts. At first pericentre, LMC-associated satellites are close to the LMC in position and velocity, and are distributed along the LMC's orbital plane. Their orbital angular momenta roughly align with the LMC's, but, interestingly, they may appear to "counter-rotate" the MW in some cases. These criteria refine earlier estimates of the LMC association of MW satellites: only the SMC, Hydrus1, Car3, Hor1, Tuc4, Ret2 and Phoenix2 are compatible with all criteria. Carina, Grus2, Hor2 and Fornax are less probable associates given their large LMC relative velocity.
description: 17 pages, 14 figures, 1 table. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Analytic expressions for the steady-state current with finite extended reservoirs
Creators: name: Zwolak, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Open system simulations of quantum transport provide a platform for the study of true steady states, Floquet states, and the role of temperature, time-dynamics, and fluctuations, among other physical processes. They are rapidly gaining traction, especially techniques that revolve around "extended reservoirs" - a collection of a finite number of degrees of freedom with relaxation that maintain a bias or temperature gradient - and have appeared under various guises (e.g., the extended or mesoscopic reservoir, auxiliary master equation, and driven Liouville-von Neumann approaches). Yet, there are still a number of open questions regarding the behavior and convergence of these techniques. Here, we derive general analytical solutions, and associated asymptotic analyses, for the steady-state current driven by finite reservoirs with proportional coupling to the system/junction. In doing so, we present a simplified and unified derivation of the non-interacting and many-body steady-state currents through arbitrary junctions, including outside of proportional coupling. We conjecture that the analytic solution for proportional coupling is the most general of its form for isomodal relaxation (i.e., relaxing proportional coupling will remove the ability to find compact, general analytical expressions for finite reservoirs). These results should be of broad utility in diagnosing the behavior and implementation of extended reservoir and related approaches, including the convergence to the Landauer limit (for non-interacting systems) and the Meir-Wingreen formula (for many-body systems).
description: 14 pages
Real-time Chern-Simons term for hypermagnetic fields
Creators: name: Laine, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: If non-vanishing chemical potentials are assigned to chiral fermions, then a Chern-Simons term is induced for the corresponding gauge fields. In thermal equilibrium anomalous processes adjust the chemical potentials such that the coefficient of the Chern-Simons term vanishes, but it has been argued that there are non-equilibrium epochs in cosmology where this is not the case and that, consequently, certain fermionic number densities and large-scale (hypermagnetic) field strengths get coupled to each other. We generalise the Chern-Simons term to a real-time situation relevant for dynamical considerations, by deriving the anomalous Hard Thermal Loop effective action for the hypermagnetic fields, write down the corresponding equations of motion, and discuss some exponentially growing solutions thereof.
description: 13 pages
INSTITUTIONS AND POLICIES INFLUENCING JAPANESE BEEF IMPORTS
Creators: name: Longworth, John W.
name: Longworth, John W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1976
Subjects: International Relations/Trade

description: The beef trade between Australia and Japan is not well understood in Australia. Access to the Japanese beef market depends more on administrative and political decisions than on market forces. The politics of beef in Japan are briefly outlined. Food self-sufficiency and agricultural protectionism in Japan are discussed in relation to Japanese beef policies. The activities of the major institutions concerned with administering beef policy in Japan are considered with particular emphasis on the Livestock Industry Promotion Corporation. The history of both the beef tariff and beef import quotas are also sketched. Many significant conclusions are reached regarding the future of the Japanese beef market.
Fully heavy pentaquarks
Creators: name: An, Hong-Tao
name: Chen, Kan
name: Liu, Zhan-Wei
name: Liu, Xiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Very recently, the LHCb Collaboration reported a fully charmed tetraquark state $X(6900)$ in the invariant mass spectrum of $J/ψ$ pairs. If one $J/ψ$ meson is replaced with a fully charmed baryon, we obtain a fully charmed pentaquark candidate. In this work, we perform a systematic study on the mass spectra of the S-wave fully heavy pentaquark $QQQQ\bar{Q}$ in the framework of the chromomagnetic interaction model. Based on our results in two different schemes, we further investigate the decay behaviors for them. We hope that our study will be helpful in searching for such types of exotic pentaquark states in experiments in the future.
description: 13 pages, 7 tables and 1 figure
A Note on the Gannon-Lee Theorem
Creators: name: Schinnerl, Benedict
name: Steinbauer, Roland
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove a Gannon-Lee theorem for non-globally hyperbolic Lo\-rentzian metrics of regularity $C^1$, the most general regularity class currently available in the context of the classical singularity theorems. Along the way we also prove that any maximizing causal curve in a $C^1$-spacetime is a geodesic and hence of $C^2$-regularity.
description: Final published version
Recent Developments in Farm Planning: Sub-Optimal Programming Methods for Practical Farm Planning
Creators: name: Powell, Roy A.
name: Hardaker, J. Brian
name: Powell, Roy A.
name: Hardaker, J. Brian
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1969
Subjects: Farm Management

description: This paper discusses the use of sub-optimal programming techniques in farm management. The scope for employing such techniques to derive farm plans which more closely conform to farmers' real objectives and preferences is reviewed. A method using conventional linear programming in this way is illustrated by means of some planning results for a group of farms in northern N.S.W.
The co-evolutionary dynamics of directed network of spin market agents
Creators: name: Horvath, D.
name: Kuscsik, Z.
name: Gmitra, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spin market model [S. Bornholdt, Int.J.Mod.Phys. C 12 (2001) 667] is extended into co-evolutionary version, where strategies of interacting and competitive traders are represented by local and global couplings between the nodes of dynamic directed stochastic network. The co-evolutionary principles are applied in the frame of Bak - Sneppen self-organized dynamics [P. Bak, K. Sneppen, Phys. Rev. Letter 71 (1993) 4083] that includes the processes of selection and extinction actuated by the local (node) fitness. The local fitness is related to orientation of spin agent with respect to instant magnetization. The stationary regime characterized by a fat tailed distribution of the log-price returns with index $α\simeq 3.6$ (out of the Levy range) is identified numerically. The non-trivial consequence of the extremal dynamics is the partially power-law decay (an effective exponent varies between -0.3 and -0.6) of the autocorrelation function of volatility. Broad-scale network topology with node degree distribution characterized by the exponent $γ=1.8$ from the range of social networks is obtained.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures. accepted for publication in Physica A
Transforming student learning with classroom communication systems
Creators: name: Beatty, Ian D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Since 1993, the University of Massachusetts Physics Education Research Group (UMPERG) has developed curriculum and pedagogic techniques for use with classroom communication systems (CCSs) and has researched the effectiveness of CCS-based teaching. This bulletin describes how CCSs can influence "interactive pedagogy" and fundamentally transform the learning process. It includes advice drawn from lessons learned through a decade of experience.
Forward jet production in deep inelastic ep scattering and low-x parton dynamics at HERA
Creators: name: ZEUS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Differential inclusive jet cross sections in neutral current deep inelastic ep scattering have been measured with the ZEUS detector. Three phase-space regions have been selected in order to study parton dynamics where the effects of BFKL evolution might be present. The measurements have been compared to the predictions of leading-logarithm parton shower Monte Carlo models and fixed-order perturbative QCD calculations. In the forward region, QCD calculations at order alpha_s^1 underestimate the data up to an order of magnitude at low x. An improved description of the data in this region is obtained by including QCD corrections at order alpha_s^2, which account for the lowest-order t-channel gluon-exchange diagrams, highlighting the importance of such terms in parton dynamics at low x.
description: 25 pages, 4 figures
Adaptive buildings through evolutionary design: towards more sustainable buildings, project design process as a complex adaptive system
Creators: name: Pagani, Freda R.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Just as natural adaptation comes from evolutionary processes that lead to 'fit' of an organism to its environment, adaptive buildings come from design processes that lead to the 'fit' of a building to its environment. A building which 'fits' its environment is considered to be sustainable. The environment is defined to encompass economic, social and ecological context. Buildings are artifacts chosen by a designer from among possible designs based on human value judgements about internal and external constraints. It is hypothesized that a project design process will result in more adaptive buildings when: first, the project team has sufficient relevant information related to the environment; second, the project team is sufficiently motivated to 'fit' the project to its environment; and third, the project team develops specific targets for resource consumption. Design process occurs at both the team level (project design process) and the individual level (design process). A model of design as a complex adaptive system is developed. The model shows creativity as a phenomenon arising from the interplay of two forces: pattern and constraint. In design, a designer transforms the 'chaos' of new and unintegrated input (change agents) into emergent pattern by integrating the input so as to be consistent with existing patterns and responsive to constraints (conservation agents). This integration results in the 'click' which designers experience during design activity. The 'click' signals boundary-breaking between the designer's internal and external (content and context) constraints and patterns. Dynamic equilibrium arises from balancing between change and conservation of input and between integration and differentiation of that input. Total equilibrium arises from combined conservation and differentiation. Further it is suggested that oscillation between integration and differentiation will result in creative breakthroughs. The model is researched in a case study of a built project, tested in a design exercise in a seminar setting with students and professionals, and discussed in an interview with a noted designer. Indicators for sustainable buildings are developed. The model provides a new description of design process and the findings indicate that its use is likely to result in more adaptive buildings as measured by indicators for sustainability.
Stability of N-Heterocyclic Carbene Monolayers under Continuous Voltammetric Interrogation
Creators: name: Aller Pellitero, Miguel
name: Camden, Jon P.
name: Jenkins, David M.
name: Arroyo - Currás, Netzahualcóyotl
Publisher: name: University of Notre Dame
Year: 2024

description: N-Heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) are promising monolayer-forming ligands that can overcome limitations of thiol-based monolayers in terms of stability, surface functionality, and reactivity across a variety of transition-metal surfaces. Recent publications have reported the ability of NHCs to support biomolecular receptors on gold substrates for sensing applications and improved tolerance to prolonged biofluid exposure relative to thiols. However, important questions remain regarding the stability of these monolayers when subjected to voltage perturbations, which is needed for applications with electrochemical platforms. Here, we investigate the ability of two NHCs, 1,3-diisopropylbenzimidazole and 5-(ethoxycarbonyl)-1,3-diisopropylbenzimidazole, to form monolayers via self-assembly from methanolic solutions of their trifluoromethanesulfonate salts. We compare the electrochemical behavior of the resulting monolayers relative to that of benchmark mercaptohexanol monolayers in phosphate-buffered saline. Within the −0.15 to 0.25 V vs Ag|AgCl voltage window, NHC monolayers are stable on gold surfaces, wherein they electrochemically perform like thiol-based monolayers and undergo similar reorganization kinetics, displaying long-term stability under incubation in buffered media and under continuous voltammetric interrogation. At negative voltages, NHC monolayers cathodically desorb from the electrode surface at lower bias (−0.1 V) than thiol-based monolayers (−0.5 V). At voltages more positive than 0.25 V, NHC monolayers anodically desorb from electrode surfaces at similar voltages to thiol-based monolayers. These results highlight new limitations to NHC monolayer stability imposed by electrochemical interrogation of the underlying gold electrodes. Our results serve as a framework for future optimization of NHC monolayers on gold for electrochemical applications, as well as structure–functionality studies of NHCs on gold.
Recent Developments in Farm Planning: A Monte Carlo Method for the Study of Farm Planning Problems
Creators: name: Carlsson, Marten
name: Hovmark, Bertil
name: Lindgren, Ingvar
name: Carlsson, Marten
name: Hovmark, Bertil
name: Lindgren, Ingvar
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1969
Subjects: Farm Management

description: A Monte Carlo method for studying farm planning problems is developed. The method allows the building of a flexible model including several objective functions, economies of scale, integer formulations and interactions between activities arising from, for example, rotational yield effects. The maximum number of activities in the solutions can be determined in advance. Minimum levels for the activities can be specified to eliminate levels of no practical interest. Many solutions are obtained between which the decision-maker can choose. A statistical analysis of the solutions for different levels of the objective functions gives an informative survey of the possible plans. Decision-making based on the Monte Carlo output may be of special interest with regard to "the behavioural theory of the firm".
Spin polarization dynamics in the Gubser-expanding background
Creators: name: Singh, Rajeev
name: Sophys, Gabriel
name: Ryblewski, Radoslaw
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Evolution of spin polarization in the Gubser-expanding conformal perfect-fluid hydrodynamic background is studied. The analysis of the conformal transformation properties of the conservation laws is extended to the case of the angular momentum conservation. The explicit forms of equations of motion for spin components are derived and analysed, and some special solutions are found.
description: 14 pages; Accepted version; Thanks to referees for nice comments; Additional comments are very much welcome
Relaxation Optimized Transfer of Spin Order in Ising Spin Chains
Creators: name: Stefanatos, Dionisis
name: Glaser, Steffen J.
name: Khaneja, Navin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this manuscript, we present relaxation optimized methods for transfer of bilinear spin correlations along Ising spin chains. These relaxation optimized methods can be used as a building block for transfer of polarization between distant spins on a spin chain. Compared to standard techniques, significant reduction in relaxation losses is achieved by these optimized methods when transverse relaxation rates are much larger than the longitudinal relaxation rates and comparable to couplings between spins. We derive an upper bound on the efficiency of transfer of spin order along a chain of spins in the presence of relaxation and show that this bound can be approached by relaxation optimized pulse sequences presented in the paper.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures
Superconductivity in Inhomogeneous Hubbard Models
Creators: name: Tsai, Wei-Feng
name: Kivelson, Steven A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a controlled perturbative approach to the low temperature phase diagram of highly inhomogeneous Hubbard models in the limit of small coupling, $t'$, between clusters. We apply this to the dimerized and checkerboard models. The dimerized model is found to behave like a doped semiconductor, with a Fermi-liquid groundstate with parameters ({\it e.g.} the effective mass) which are smooth functions of the Hubbard interaction, $U$. By contrast, the checkerboard model has a nodeless d-wave superconducting state (preformed pair condensate, $d$-BEC) for $0 < U < U_c$, which smoothly crosses over to an intermediate BCS-like superconducting phase ($d$-BCS), also with no nodal quasi-particles, for $|U - U_c| < {\cal O}(t^\prime)$, which gives way to a Fermi liquid phase at large $U > U_c = 4.58$.
description: 7 pages, a sign error in Eq.(3) has been corrected and its consequence has been discussed with updated figures
Nucleon axial charge in 2+1 flavor dynamical lattice QCD with domain wall fermions
Creators: name: Yamazaki, T.
name: Aoki, Y.
name: Blum, T.
name: Lin, H. W.
name: Lin, M. F.
name: Ohta, S.
name: Sasaki, S.
name: Tweedie, R. J.
name: Zanotti, J. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results for the nucleon axial charge g_A at a fixed lattice spacing of 1/a=1.73(3) GeV using 2+1 flavors of domain wall fermions on size 16^3x32 and 24^3x64lattices (L=1.8 and 2.7 fm) with length 16 in the fifth dimension. The length of the Monte Carlo trajectory at the lightest m_πis 7360 units, including 900 for thermalization. We find finite volume effects are larger than the pion mass dependence at m_π= 330 MeV. We also find that g_A exhibits a scaling with the single variable m_πL which can also be seen in previous two-flavor domain wall and Wilson fermion calculati ons. Using this scaling to eliminate the finite-volume effect, we obtain g_A = 1.20(6)(4) at the physical pion mass, m_π= 135 MeV, where the first and second errors are statistical and systematic. The observed finite-volume scaling also appears in similar quenched simulations, but disappear when V\ge (2.4 fm)^3. We argue this is a dynamical quark effect.
description: 4 pages and 3 figures
[Audio recording of stories]
Creators: name: Nolasquez, Roscinda
name: Hill, Jane
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: cup

description: Reel labeled "Cupeño 4" -- handwriting on the reel tape box indicates that the first recording segment is a continuation of "The Man Who Turned into a Bear" from HillJ.002.003 (transcription on pp. 69-89, HillJ.001.007), followed by "Coyote Growing Up," "The Linnets," and "Acorn Time at Cupa," or 4 stories in total. However, there are 9 starts and stops of the recorder, after most of which the speaker says, "That's all," suggesting that more distinct stories were recorded on this tape. These starts are at: 1:42, 4:40, 6:57, 11:57, 15:36, 19:48, 22:43, and 26:13.
More Reasons Why Farmers Have So Little Interest in Futures Markets
Creators: name: Pannell, David J.
name: Hailu, Getu
name: Weersink, Alfons
name: Burt, Amanda
name: Pannell, David J.
name: Hailu, Getu
name: Weersink, Alfons
name: Burt, Amanda
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: hedging
subject: risk
subject: risk aversion
subject: flat payoff functions

description: The use by farmers of futures contracts and other hedging instruments has been observed to be low in many situations, and this has sometimes seemed to be considered surprising or even mysterious. We propose that it is, in fact, readily understandable and consistent with rational decision making. Standard models of the decision about optimal hedging show that it is negatively related to basis risk, to quantity risk, and to transaction costs. Farmers who have less uncertainty about prices have a lower optimal level of hedging. If a farmer has optimistic price expectations relative to the futures market, the incentive to hedge can be greatly reduced. And finally, farmers who have low levels of risk aversion have little to gain from hedging in terms of risk reduction, in that the certainty equivalent payoff at their optimal hedge may be little different to the certainty equivalent under zero hedging. These reasons are additional to the argument of Simmons (2002) who showed that, if capital markets are efficient, farmers can manage their risk exposure through adjusting their leverage, obviating the need for hedging instruments.
Initialization effects of nucleon profile on the $π$ yields in heavy-ion collisions at medium energies
Creators: name: Yang, Zu-Xing
name: Michel, Nicolas
name: Fan, Xiao-Hua
name: Zuo, Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a problem of $π$ production in heavy ion collisions in the context of the Isospin-dependent Boltzmann-Uehling-Uhlenbeck (IBUU) transport model. We generated nucleon densities using two different models, the Skyrme-Hartree-Fock (SHF) model and configuration interaction shell model (SM). Indeed, inter-nucleon correlations are explicitly taken into account in SM, while they are averaged in the SHF model. As an application of our theoretical frameworks, we calculated the $π^{-}$ and $π^{+}$ yields in collisions of nuclei with $A = 30-40$ nucleons. We used different harmonic oscillator lengths $b_{HO}$ to generate the harmonic oscillator basis for SM in order to study both theoretical and experimental cases. It is found that SM framework with $b_{HO}$ = 2.5 fm and SHF can be distinguished by the yield of $π$ mesons, in this case the density distribution calculated by the shell model produces more $π$ in the collision. In comparison, SM with $b_{HO}$ = 2.0 fm is characterized from SHF by the double $π^{-}/π^{+}$ ratios with different large impact parameters, from which one can find the double $π^{-}/π^{+}$ ratios of SM change smoother and are less than those of SHF.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
Critical bending point in the Lyapunov localization spectra of many-particle systems
Creators: name: Taniguchi, Tooru
name: Morriss, Gary P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The localization spectra of Lyapunov vectors in many-particle systems at low density exhibit a characteristic bending behavior. It is shown that this behavior is due to a restriction on the maximum number of the most localized Lyapunov vectors determined by the system configuration and mutual orthogonality. For a quasi-one-dimensional system this leads to a predicted bending point at n_c \approx 0.432 N for an N particle system. Numerical evidence is presented that confirms this predicted bending point as a function of the number of particles N.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Role and value of including lucerne (Medicago sativa L.) phases in crop rotations for the management of herbicide-resistant Lolium rigidum in Western Australia
Creators: name: Doole, Graeme J.
name: Pannell, David J.
name: Doole, Graeme J.
name: Pannell, David J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: Use of lucerne (Medicago sativa L.) pastures in crop rotations has been proposed as a method to enhance weed management options for growers facing herbicide resistance in Western Australia. An existing model for analysing herbicide resistance in the important crop weed annual ryegrass (Lolium rigidum Gaud.) is consequently extended to include lucerne, used for grazing by a sheep enterprise. Seven rotational options are analysed, including various combinations of lucerne, annual pastures, and crops. Lucerne provides additional weed management benefits across the rotation, but in the region studied these benefits are only sufficient to make lucerne rotations the most profitable option in situations where ryegrass is resistant to multiple herbicide groups, and/or livestock prices are very high. Key words. Herbicide resistance, integrated weed management, economics, weed population dynamics.
[Audio recording of untitled stories]
Creators: name: Nolasquez, Roscinda
name: Hill, Jane
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: cup

description: Reel labeled "Cupeño 5" -- appears to be 5 distinct untitled stories, at the beginning, 3:17, 9:26, 14:55, and 24:13
Loss of purity by wave packet scattering at low energies
Creators: name: Wang, Jia
name: Law, C. K.
name: Chu, M. -C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the quantum entanglement produced by a head-on collision between two gaussian wave packets in three-dimensional space. By deriving the two-particle wave function modified by s-wave scattering amplitudes, we obtain an approximate analytic expression of the purity of an individual particle. The loss of purity provides an indicator of the degree of entanglement. In the case the wave packets are narrow in momentum space, we show that the loss of purity is solely controlled by the ratio of the scattering cross section to the transverse area of the wave packets.
description: 7 pages, 1 figure
Language, culture, and identity : social and cultural aspects of language change in two Kwak’wala-speaking communities
Creators: name: Goodfellow, Anne Marie
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This dissertation is the product of research on the current usage of Kwalcwala, a language of the northern branch of the Wakashan language family spoken in British Columbia on the northern part of Vancouver Island and the adjacent mainland. The focus of research is the context of indigenous language use and the importance of language as a marker of cultural identity. I also examine whether English has had any significant influence on the structure and vocabulary of Kwalcwala after prolonged contact between the two languages. I conclude that, although Kwalcwala is being replaced by English in most contexts of communication, it has been strategically maintained in certain contexts as a marker of cultural identity.
The Subaru/XMM-Newton Deep Survey (SXDS) - II. Optical Imaging and Photometric Catalogs
Creators: name: Furusawa, H.
name: Kosugi, G.
name: Akiyama, M.
name: Takata, T.
name: Sekiguchi, K.
name: Tanaka, I.
name: Iwata, I.
name: Kajisawa, M.
name: Yasuda, N.
name: Doi, M.
name: Ouchi, M.
name: Simpson, C.
name: Shimasaku, K.
name: Yamada, T.
name: Furusawa, J.
name: Morokuma, T.
name: Ishida, C. M.
name: Aoki, K.
name: Fuse, T.
name: Imanishi, M.
name: Iye, M.
name: Karoji, H.
name: Kobayashi, N.
name: Kodama, T.
name: Komiyama, Y.
name: Maeda, Y.
name: Miyazaki, S.
name: Mizumoto, Y.
name: Nakata, F.
name: Noumaru, J.
name: Ogasawara, R.
name: Okamura, S.
name: Saito, T.
name: Sasaki, T.
name: Ueda, Y.
name: Yoshida, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present multi-waveband optical imaging data obtained from observations of the Subaru/XMM-Newton Deep Survey (SXDS). The survey field, centered at R.A.=02:18:00, decl.=-05:00:00, has been the focus of a wide range of multi-wavelength observing programs spanning from X-ray to radio wavelengths. A large part of the optical imaging observations are carried out with Suprime-Cam on Subaru Telescope at Mauna Kea in the course of Subaru Telescope Observatory Projects. This paper describes our optical observations, data reduction and analysis procedures employed, and the characteristics of the data products. A total area of 1.22 sqdeg is covered in five contiguous sub-fields, each of which corresponds to a single Suprime-Cam field of view (34'x27'), in five broad-band filters B, V, Rc, i', z' to the depths of B=28.4, V=27.8, Rc=27.7, i'=27.7 and z'=26.6 (AB, 3-sigma, 2-arcsec aperture). The data are reduced and compiled into five multi-waveband photometric catalogs, separately for each Suprime-Cam pointing. The i'-band catalogs contain about 900,000 objects, making the SXDS catalogs one of the largest multi-waveband catalogs in corresponding depth and area coverage. The SXDS catalogs can be used for an extensive range of astronomical applications such as the number density of the Galactic halo stars to the large scale structures at the distant universe. The number counts of galaxies are derived and compared with those of existing deep extragalactic surveys. The optical data, the source catalogs, and configuration files used to create the catalogs are publicly available via the SXDS web page (http://www.naoj.org/Science/SubaruProject/SXDS/index.html)
description: 55 pages, 22 figures, 9 tables, accepted by ApJS, a higher-resolution version is available at http://step.mtk.nao.ac.jp/sxds/
Curvature-based Feature Selection with Application in Classifying Electronic Health Records
Creators: name: Zuo, Zheming
name: Li, Jie
name: Xu, Han
name: Moubayed, Noura Al
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Disruptive technologies provides unparalleled opportunities to contribute to the identifications of many aspects in pervasive healthcare, from the adoption of the Internet of Things through to Machine Learning (ML) techniques. As a powerful tool, ML has been widely applied in patient-centric healthcare solutions. To further improve the quality of patient care, Electronic Health Records (EHRs) are commonly adopted in healthcare facilities for analysis. It is a crucial task to apply AI and ML to analyse those EHRs for prediction and diagnostics due to their highly unstructured, unbalanced, incomplete, and high-dimensional nature. Dimensionality reduction is a common data preprocessing technique to cope with high-dimensional EHR data, which aims to reduce the number of features of EHR representation while improving the performance of the subsequent data analysis, e.g. classification. In this work, an efficient filter-based feature selection method, namely Curvature-based Feature Selection (CFS), is presented. The proposed CFS applied the concept of Menger Curvature to rank the weights of all features in the given data set. The performance of the proposed CFS has been evaluated in four well-known EHR data sets, including Cervical Cancer Risk Factors (CCRFDS), Breast Cancer Coimbra (BCCDS), Breast Tissue (BTDS), and Diabetic Retinopathy Debrecen (DRDDS). The experimental results show that the proposed CFS achieved state-of-the-art performance on the above data sets against conventional PCA and other most recent approaches. The source code of the proposed approach is publicly available at https://github.com/zhemingzuo/CFS.
description: Accepted by Technological Forecasting and Social Change; Source code available
The origin of bursts and heavy tails in human dynamics
Creators: name: Barabási, Albert-László
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dynamics of many social, technological and economic phenomena are driven by individual human actions, turning the quantitative understanding of human behavior into a central question of modern science. Current models of human dynamics, used from risk assessment to communications, assume that human actions are randomly distributed in time and thus well approximated by Poisson processes. In contrast, there is increasing evidence that the timing of many human activities, ranging from communication to entertainment and work patterns, follow non-Poisson statistics, characterized by bursts of rapidly occurring events separated by long periods of inactivity. Here we show that the bursty nature of human behavior is a consequence of a decision based queuing process: when individuals execute tasks based on some perceived priority, the timing of the tasks will be heavy tailed, most tasks being rapidly executed, while a few experience very long waiting times. In contrast, priority blind execution is well approximated by uniform interevent statistics. These findings have important implications from resource management to service allocation in both communications and retail.
description: Supplementary Material available at http://www.nd.edu/~networks
Investigating Clumpy Galaxies in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Stripe 82 using the Galaxy Zoo
Creators: name: Mehta, Vihang
name: Scarlata, Claudia
name: Fortson, Lucy
name: Dickinson, Hugh
name: Adams, Dominic
name: Chevallard, Jacopo
name: Charlot, Stéphane
name: Beck, Melanie
name: Kruk, Sandor
name: Simmons, Brooke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Giant, star-forming clumps are a common feature prevalent amongst high-redshift star-forming galaxies and play a critical role in shaping their chaotic morphologies and yet, their nature and role in galaxy evolution remains to be fully understood. A majority of the effort to study clumps has been focused at high redshifts, and local clump studies have often suffered from small sample sizes. In this work, we present an analysis of clump properties in the local universe, and for the first time, performed with a statistically significant sample. With the help of the citizen science-powered Galaxy Zoo: Hubble project, we select a sample of 92 $z<0.06$ clumpy galaxies in Sloan Digital Sky Survey Stripe 82 galaxies. Within this sample, we identify 543 clumps using a contrast-based image analysis algorithm and perform photometry as well as estimate their stellar population properties. The overall properties of our $z<0.06$ clump sample are comparable to the high-redshift clumps. However, contrary to the high-redshift studies, we find no evidence of a gradient in clump ages or masses as a function of their galactocentric distances. Our results challenge the inward migration scenario for clump evolution for the local universe, potentially suggesting a larger contribution of ex-situ clumps and/or longer clump migration timescales.
description: 21 pages, 16 figures; accepted for publication in ApJ
Net Gains from 'Net Purchases? Farmers' Preferences for Online and Local Input Purchases
Creators: name: Batte, Marvin T.
name: Ernst, Stanley C.
name: Batte, Marvin T.
name: Ernst, Stanley C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: e-commerce
subject: farm input purchase
subject: willingness to pay
subject: contingent choice
subject: rural communities

description: E-commerce represents both threats to and opportunities for rural communities. This study addresses one element of the issue: farmers' willingness to substitute online merchants or national farm input stores for local businesses. Results of a conjoint analysis of contingent choice experiments suggest that farmers are willing to purchase from online or national stores outside their communities if compensated with lower prices or greater services. Results also demonstrate that the context of the input purchase, such as time constraints, was very important not only in valuing these services, but, more broadly, in terms of the farmer's loyalty to a local merchant.
Chiral hydrodynamics in strong external magnetic fields
Creators: name: Ammon, Martin
name: Grieninger, Sebastian
name: Hernandez, Juan
name: Kaminski, Matthias
name: Koirala, Roshan
name: Leiber, Julian
name: Wu, Jackson
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct the general hydrodynamic description of (3+1)-dimensional chiral charged (quantum) fluids subject to a strong external magnetic field with effective field theory methods. We determine the constitutive equations for the energy-momentum tensor and the axial charge current, in part from a generating functional. Furthermore, we derive the Kubo formulas which relate two-point functions of the energy-momentum tensor and charge current to 27 transport coefficients: 8 independent thermodynamic, 4 independent non-dissipative hydrodynamic, and 10 independent dissipative hydrodynamic transport coefficients. Five Onsager relations render 5 more transport coefficients dependent. We uncover four novel transport effects, which are encoded in what we call the shear-induced conductivity, the two expansion-induced longitudinal conductivities and the shear-induced Hall conductivity. Remarkably, the shear-induced Hall conductivity constitutes a novel non-dissipative transport effect. As a demonstration, we compute all transport coefficients explicitly in a strongly coupled quantum fluid via holography.
description: matches version published in JHEP; 59 pages + appendices, 16 figures
Can Health Care Services Attract Retirees And Contribute to the Economic Sustainability of Rural Places?
Creators: name: Oehmke, James F.
name: Tsukamoto, Satoshi
name: Post, Lori A.
name: Oehmke, James F.
name: Tsukamoto, Satoshi
name: Post, Lori A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: elder migration
subject: health care
subject: rural development

description: The search for engines to power rural economic growth has gone beyond the traditional boundaries of the food and fiber sector to industries such as tourism and to schemes such as attracting metropolitan workers to commuter communities with rural amenities. A group that has been somewhat overlooked is retirees, who may wish to trade in urban or suburban life-styles for a more peaceful rural retirement. An industry that has been neglected is the health care industry, which is the most rapidly growing industry nationally and of particular interest to retirees and aging populations. This paper examines the importance of rural health care services in attracting migrants age 65+ to rural counties in Michigan. Results indicate that the number of health care workers has a positive effect on net in-migration, and that this effect is large and statistically significant for the 70+ age group. Implications for rural development strategies are discussed.
The Emergence of Rural Artistic Havens: A First Look
Creators: name: Wojan, Timothy R.
name: Lambert, Dayton M.
name: McGranahan, David A.
name: Wojan, Timothy R.
name: Lambert, Dayton M.
name: McGranahan, David A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: arts activity
subject: built amenities
subject: creative class
subject: logistic regression
subject: natural amenities
subject: tourism development

description: Nearly all applied research on arts activity has examined phenomena in metropolitan areas. Findings from this past research confirm an arts specialization in a limited number of cities. This paper finds a similar pattern in nonmetropolitan areas, where a limited number of counties maintain or develop a distinct specialization in the arts. We document the emergence of these "rural artistic havens" and identify county characteristics associated with the attraction of performing, fine, and applied artists. The implications of these findings for rural development strategies focusing on the arts are discussed.
A bosonization approach for bilayer quantum Hall systems at ν_T = 1
Creators: name: Doretto, R. L.
name: Caldeira, A. O.
name: Smith, C. Morais
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a non-perturbative bosonization approach for bilayer quantum Hall systems at ν_T = 1, which allows us to systematically study the existence of an exciton condensate in these systems. An effective boson model is derived and the excitation spectrum is calculated both in the Bogoliubov and in the Popov approximations. In the latter case, we show that the ground state of the system is an exciton condensate only when the distance between the layers is very small compared to the magnetic length, indicating that the system possibly undergoes another phase transition before the incompressible-compressible one. The effect of a finite electron interlayer tunnelling is included and a quantitative phase diagram is proposed.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, the effect of a finite electron interlayer tunnelling is included