cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Asteroid occultations today and tomorrow: toward the GAIA era
Creators: name: Tanga, P.
name: Delbo, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context: Observation of star occultations is a powerful tool to determine shapes and sizes of asteroids. This is key information necessary for studying the evolution of the asteroid belt and to calibrate indirect methods of size determination, such as the models used to analyze thermal infrared observations. Up to now, the observation of asteroid occultations is an activity essentially secured by amateur astronomers equipped with small, portable equipments. However, the accuracy of the available ephemeris prevents accurate predictions of the occultation events for objects smaller than ~100 km. Aims: We investigate current limits in predictability and observability of asteroid occultations, and we study their possible evolution in the future, when high accuracy asteroid orbits and star positions (such as those expected from the mission Gaia of the European Space Agency) will be available. Methods: We use a simple model for asteroid ephemeris uncertainties and numerical algorithms for estimating the limits imposed by the instruments, assuming realistic CCD performances and asteroid size distribution, to estimate the expected occultation rate under different conditions. Results: We show that high accuracy ephemerides which will be available in the future will extend toward much smaller asteroids the possibility of observing asteroid occultations, greatly increasing the number of events and objects involved. A complete set of size measurements down to ~10 km main belt asteroids could be obtained in a few years, provided that a small network of ground-based 1m telescopes are devoted to occultation studies.
Explaining the Diversity of Cold Exoworlds with JWST
Creators: name: Suárez, Genaro
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Substellar atmospheres exhibit a variety of chemical species and physical and chemical processes that determine their appearances. As substellar atmospheres cool, their chemistry  becomes more complex. The JWST Cycle 1 program GO 2124 observed a sample of 12 of the coldest known extrasolar atmospheres of objects at the T/Y transition. With unprecedented precision using NIRSpec G395H spectra and MIRI long wavelength photometry, we present a detailed spectral sequence of the coldest brown dwarfs focusing on the diversity present in ultracool atmospheres. Particularly, we present: 1) prominent molecules and their state of chemical equilibrium/disequilibrium 2) the most complete SED of an extrasolar world and its retrieval and forward modeling analysis, 3) the detection and modeling of methane in emission in a substellar atmosphere indicative of auroral activity, 4) far/mid-infrared color-magnitude diagrams, and 4) progress on the retrieval and self-consistent modeling for the whole sample. Because of similarities between T/Y transition dwarfs and giant exoplanets, the observations and results presented here also allow us to constrain the aspects that may influence the appearance of exoplanets.
P-wave nucleon-pion scattering amplitude in the $Δ(1232)$ channel from lattice QCD
Creators: name: Silvi, Giorgio
name: Paul, Srijit
name: Alexandrou, Constantia
name: Krieg, Stefan
name: Leskovec, Luka
name: Meinel, Stefan
name: Negele, John
name: Petschlies, Marcus
name: Pochinsky, Andrew
name: Rendon, Gumaro
name: Syritsyn, Sergey
name: Todaro, Antonino
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We determine the $Δ(1232)$ resonance parameters using lattice QCD and the Lüscher method. The resonance occurs in elastic pion-nucleon scattering with $J^P=3/2^+$ in the isospin $I = 3/2$, $P$-wave channel. Our calculation is performed with $N_f=2+1$ flavors of clover fermions on a lattice with $L\approx 2.8$ fm. The pion and nucleon masses are $m_π=255.4(1.6)$ MeV and $m_N=1073(5)$ MeV, and the strong decay channel $Δ\rightarrow πN$ is found to be above the threshold. To thoroughly map out the energy-dependence of the nucleon-pion scattering amplitude, we compute the spectra in all relevant irreducible representations of the lattice symmetry groups for total momenta up to $\vec{P}=\frac{2π}{L}(1,1,1)$, including irreps that mix $S$ and $P$ waves. We perform global fits of the amplitude parameters to up to 21 energy levels, using a Breit-Wigner model for the $P$-wave phase shift and the effective-range expansion for the $S$-wave phase shift. From the location of the pole in the $P$-wave scattering amplitude, we obtain the resonance mass $m_Δ=1378(7)(9)$ MeV and the coupling $g_{Δ\text{-}πN}=23.8(2.7)(0.9)$.
Startling Equivalences in the Higgs-Goldstone Sector between Radiative and Lowest-Order Conventional Electroweak Symmetry Breaking
Creators: name: Chishtie, F. A.
name: Elias, V.
name: Steele, T. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For the Higgs boson mass of $\sim 220$ GeV expected to arise from radiative electroweak symmetry breaking, we find the same lowest-order expressions as would be obtained from conventional electroweak symmetry breaking, given the same Higgs boson mass, for Higgs-Goldstone sector scattering processes identified with $W_L^ + W_L^- \to W_L^+ W_L^-$, $W_L^+ W_L^- \to Z_L Z_L$, as well as for Higgs boson decay widths $H \to W_L^+ W_L^-$, $H \to Z_L Z_L$. The radiatively broken case, however, leads to an order of magnitude enhancement over lowest-order conventional symmetry breaking for scattering processes $W_L^+ W_L^+ \to H H$, $Z_L Z_L \to H H$, as well as a factor of $\sim 30$ enhancement for $H H \to H H$.
description: 6 pages, uses ws-ijmpa.cls written in Latex2E. Major revision in text and conclusions--different enhanced scattering processes found than the earlier version. To appear in the IJMPA proceedings issue for MRST 2005, Utica, NY
Universality and thermoelectric transport properties of quantum dot systems
Creators: name: Aranguren-Quintero, D. F.
name: Ramos, E.
name: Silva-Valencia, J.
name: Figueira, M. S.
name: Oliveira, L. N.
name: Franco, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the temperature-dependent thermoelectric transport properties of semiconductor nanostructures comprising a quantum dot coupled to quantum wires: the thermal dependence of the electrical conductance, thermal conductance, and thermopower. We explore the universality of the thermoelectric properties in the temperature range associated with the Kondo crossover. In this thermal range, general arguments indicate that any equilibrium property's temperature dependence should be a universal function of the ratio $T^{*}=T/T_{K}$, where $T_{K}$ is the Kondo temperature. Considering the particle-hole symmetric, spin-degenerate Anderson model, the zero-bias electrical conductance has already been shown to map linearly onto a universal conductance through a quantum dot embedded or side-coupled to a quantum wire. Employing rigorous renormalization-group arguments, we calculate universal thermoelectric transport coefficients that allow us to extend this result to the thermopower and the thermal conductance. We present numerical renormalization-group results to illustrate the physics in our findings. Applying the universal thermoelectric coefficients to recent experimental results of the electrical conductance and thermo-voltages versus $V_{gate}$, at different temperatures in the Kondo regime, we calculate all the thermoelectric properties and obtain simple analytical fitting functions that can be used to predict the experimental results of these properties. However, we cannot check all of them, due to the lack of available experimental results over a broad temperature range.
Structure of Noncommutative Fock space
Creators: name: Jing, Si-Cong
name: Liu, Qiu-Yu
name: Ruan, Tu-Nan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The structure of the state-vector space of identical bosons in noncommutative spaces is investigated. To maintain Bose-Einstein statistics the commutation relations of phase space variables should simultaneously include coordinate-coordinate non-commutativity and momentum-momentum non-commutativity, which lead to noncommutative Fock space. By this we mean that creation and annihilation operators corresponding to different degrees of freedom of the bosons do not commute each other. The main character of the noncommutative Fock space is there are no ordinary number representations because of the non-commutativity between different number operators. However, eigenvectors of several pairs of commuting Hermitian operators are obtained which can also be served as bases in this Fock space. As a simple example, an explicit form of two-dimensional canonical coherent state in this noncommutative Fock space is constructed and its properties are discussed.
description: 9 pages
Supplementary File 1: Response to Cashdan and Gaulin 2016 from Still little evidence sex differences in spatial navigation are evolutionary adaptations
Creators: name: Hults, Connor M.
name: Francis, Richard C.
name: Clint, Edward K.
name: Smith, Winter
name: Sober, Elliott R.
name: Garland, Theodore
name: Rhodes, Justin S.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 310499
subject: Evolutionary biology not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 310901
subject: Animal behaviour
classificationCode: 520499
subject: Cognitive and computational psychology not elsewhere classified

description: Our specific responses to Casdan and Gaulin 2016 comments about which species should be included or not in the comparative study.
UNetGAN: A Robust Speech Enhancement Approach in Time Domain for Extremely Low Signal-to-noise Ratio Condition
Creators: name: Hao, Xiang
name: Su, Xiangdong
name: Wang, Zhiyu
name: Zhang, Hui
name: Batushiren
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Speech enhancement at extremely low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) condition is a very challenging problem and rarely investigated in previous works. This paper proposes a robust speech enhancement approach (UNetGAN) based on U-Net and generative adversarial learning to deal with this problem. This approach consists of a generator network and a discriminator network, which operate directly in the time domain. The generator network adopts a U-Net like structure and employs dilated convolution in the bottleneck of it. We evaluate the performance of the UNetGAN at low SNR conditions (up to -20dB) on the public benchmark. The result demonstrates that it significantly improves the speech quality and substantially outperforms the representative deep learning models, including SEGAN, cGAN fo SE, Bidirectional LSTM using phase-sensitive spectrum approximation cost function (PSA-BLSTM) and Wave-U-Net regarding Short-Time Objective Intelligibility (STOI) and Perceptual evaluation of speech quality (PESQ).
description: Published in Interspeech 2019
Long-Baseline Optical Interferometric Images of Sun-like Stars Helping RV Companion Searches
Creators: name: Roettenbacher, Rachael M
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Abstract:  Nearby, low-mass, main-sequence stars are routinely being monitored with extreme precision radial velocity observations in search of new exoplanets.  However, the detection of Earth-like exoplanets in Earth-like orbits around cool, Sun-like stars is inhibited by the radial velocity signatures of the stars themselves, which are intertwined with those of planets.  To account for the impact of the stellar surfaces on radial velocities, we resolve nearby, Sun-like stars with long-baseline optical interferometry.  Together, the H-band MIRC-X beam combiners and all six telescopes at the 330-m CHARA Array at Mount Wilson Observatory are capable of resolving our target stars.  Not only are the stars resolved, but this interferometric array uniquely has the necessary resolution to allow for the study of features on the stellar surfaces, including dark starspots caused by strong magnetic fields stifling convection.  After interferometrically imaging a star, we then model the surface's radial velocity signature and compare to contemporaneous observations from extreme precision radial velocity spectrographs, including EXPRES.  This comparison then allows for the investigation of potential planetary signatures otherwise hidden by the star's own radial velocities.  Here, we present a subset of the results from our study of four nearby, Sun-like stars.

Theme:  Cool Stars as Stellar Systems
Tunnelling and dynamical violation of the Null Energy Condition
Creators: name: Alexandre, Jean
name: Polonyi, Janos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Null Energy Condition is considered the most fundamental of the energy conditions, on which several key results, such as the singularity theorems, are based. The Casimir effect is one of the rare equilibrium mechanisms by which it is breached without invoking modified gravity or non-minimal couplings to exotic matter. In this work we propose an independent dynamical mechanism by which it is violated, with the only ingredients being standard (but non-perturbative) QFT and a minimally coupled scalar field in a double-well potential. As for the Casimir effect, we explain why the Averaged Null Energy Condition should not be violated by this mechanism. Nevertheless, the transient behaviour could have profound impacts in Early Universe Cosmology.
description: 7 pages, 1 figure
Additional file 1 of The impact of Dual Eligible Special Need Plan regulations on healthcare utilization
Creators: name: Narain, Kimberly Danae Cauley
name: Harwood, Jessica
name: Mangione, Carol
name: O. Kenrik Duru
name: Ettner, Susan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1.
Earthquake Hazard Mitigation of Transportation Facilites for Henderson County
Creators: name: Fleckenstein, L. John
name: Allen, David L.
name: Drnevich, Vincent P.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 1989
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: Concern has grown in recent years over the seismic activity of the New Madrid seismic zone in Western Kentucky. Henderson County, Kentucky is located in this region. To permit emergency medical, supply, and equipment traffic into this area after an earthquake has occurred, the Kentucky Transportation Cabinet is interested in the possibility of keeping selected routes passable. This report lists the routes that have been investigated and recommended as being the routes in Henderson County that should be maintained in a passable condition. The recommended routes, US 60, US 41, KY 351, KY 416 and Audubon Parkway have been visually surveyed and all seismically significant features cataloged. These features are logged by their location on strip maps contained in Appendix A and a detailed listing of all the potentially critical features is given in Appendix B.
Alter Wein in neuen Schläuchen
Creators: name: Minonne, Clemente
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Outsourcing
Cloud
Cloud Sourcing

description: Sourcing-Konzepte und die Klarheit über ihre ausgestaltung können die Qualität, den innovationsgrad und die Produktivität von unter - nehmen in hohem masse prägen. viele Firmen nutzen das Potenzial jedoch noch nicht vollumfänglich, das ihnen outsourcing-metho- den und -Lösungen bieten.
description: + ID der Publikation: hslu_60663 + Art des Beitrages: Fachmedien + Jahrgang: 2012 + Sprache: Deutsch + Letzte Aktualisierung: 2019-08-20 14:31:57
Probing core overshooting using subgiant asteroseismology: the case of KIC10273246
Creators: name: Noll, A.
name: Deheuvels, S.
name: Ballot, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The size of convective cores remains uncertain, despite its substantial influence on stellar evolution, and thus on stellar ages. The seismic modeling of young subgiants can be used to obtain indirect constraints on the core structure during main sequence, thanks to the high probing potential of mixed modes. We selected the young subgiant KIC10273246, observed by Kepler, based on its mixed-mode properties. We thoroughly modeled this star, with the aim of placing constraints on the size of its main sequence convective core. We first extracted the parameters of the oscillation modes of the star using the full Kepler data set. To overcome the challenges posed by the seismic modeling of subgiants, we proposed a method which is specifically tailored for subgiants with mixed modes and consists in a nested optimization. We then applied this method to perform a detailed seismic modeling of KIC10273246. We obtained models that show good statistical agreements with the observations, both seismic and non-seismic. We showed that including core overshooting in the models significantly improves the quality of the seismic fit, optimal models being found for $α_{\mathrm{ov}} = 0.15$. Higher amounts of core overshooting strongly worsen the agreement with the observations and are thus firmly ruled out. We also found that having access to two g-dominated mixed modes in young subgiants allows us to place stronger constraints on the gradient of molecular weight in the core and on the central density. This study confirms the high potential of young subgiants with mixed modes to investigate the size of main-sequence convective cores. It paves the way for a more general study including the subgiants observed with Kepler, TESS, and eventually PLATO.
description: Accepted in A&A, 15 pages, 15 figures. Second version corrects language and Fig. 8, which was erroneous
Simulating Solar Neighborhood Brown Dwarfs: A Guide for Upcoming Surveys
Creators: name: Honaker, Easton
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Major upcoming digital sky surveys will reveal unprecedented numbers of brown dwarfs, among even greater numbers of stellar objects, enabling the statistical study of brown dwarfs. To effectively parse these massive datasets and extract the comparatively rare brown dwarfs, we must understand how brown dwarfs will look in upcoming databases. To explore the photometric properties and spread of brown dwarfs, we construct a synthetic population of brown dwarfs in the Solar Neighborhood using Gaia-derived star formation rate histories and Galactic thin disk scale heights alongside observational mass, metallicity, and age relationships. We apply the Sonora Bobcat and the 2008 Saumon and Marley hybrid (SM08) evolutionary models to assign temperatures, luminosities, and radii to the sample. We present luminosity, temperature, age, and metallicity functions varying with height above the Galactic thin disk. These models predict significant differences in the brown dwarf population as a function of distance from the Galactic plane, which can be tested with future JWST, Rubin Observatory LSST, and Roman surveys.
Earthquake Hazard Mitigation of Transportation Facilites for Livingston County
Creators: name: Fleckenstein, L. John
name: Allen, David L.
name: Drnevich, Vincent P.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 1989
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: Concern has grown in recent years over the seismic activity of the New Madrid seismic zone in Western Kentucky. Livingston County, Kentucky is located in this region. To permit emergency medical, supply, and equipment traffic into this area after an earthquake has occurred, the Kentucky Transportation Cabinet is interested in the possibility of keeping selected routes passable. This report lists the routes that have been investigated and recommended as being the routes in Livingston County that should be maintained in a passable condition. The recommended routes, US 62/US 641 and US 60 have been visually surveyed and all seismically significant features cataloged. These features are logged by their location on strip maps contained in Appendix A and a detailed listing of all the potentially critical features is given in Appendix B.
Atomic Data Assessment with PyNeb
Creators: name: Morisset, Christophe
name: Luridiana, Valentina
name: García-Rojas, Jorge
name: Gómez-Llanos, Verónica
name: Bautista, Manuel A.
name: Mendoza, Claudio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: PyNeb is a Python package widely used to model emission lines in gaseous nebulae. We take advantage of its object-oriented architecture, class methods, and historical atomic database to structure a practical environment for atomic data assessment. Our aim is to reduce the uncertainties in parameter space (line-ratio diagnostics, electron density and temperature, and ionic abundances) arising from the underlying atomic data by critically selecting the PyNeb default datasets. We evaluate the questioned radiative-rate accuracy of the collisionally excited forbidden lines of the N- and P-like ions (O II, Ne IV, S II, Cl III, and Ar IV), which are used as density diagnostics. With the aid of observed line ratios in the dense NGC 7027 planetary nebula and careful data analysis, we arrive at emissivity-ratio uncertainties from the radiative rates within 10\%, a considerable improvement over a previously predicted 50\%. We also examine the accuracy of an extensive dataset of electron-impact effective collision strengths for the carbon isoelectronic sequence recently published. By estimating the impact of the new data on the pivotal temperature diagnostics of [N II] and [O III] and by benchmarking the collision strength with a measured resonance position, we question their usefulness in nebular modeling. We confirm that the effective-collision-strength scatter of selected datasets for these two ions does not lead to uncertainties in the temperature diagnostics larger than 10\%.
description: published in Atoms MDPI
Zero-point energy in spheroidal geometries
Creators: name: Kitson, A. R.
name: Signal, A. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the zero-point energy of a massless scalar field subject to spheroidal boundary conditions. Using the zeta-function method, the zero-point energy is evaluated for small ellipticity. Axially symmetric vector fields are also considered. The results are interpreted within the context of QCD flux tubes and the MIT bag model.
description: 6 pages, QFEXT'05, Barcelona, Spain. Typos corrected, references added
Additional file 1 of Genome-wide association analysis identified both RNA-seq and DNA variants associated to paratuberculosis in Canadian Holstein cattle ‘in vitro’ experimentally infected macrophages
Creators: name: Ariel, Olivier
name: Jean-Simon Brouard
name: Marete, Andrew
name: Miglior, Filippo
name: Ibeagha-Awemu, Eveline
name: Bissonnette, Nathalie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Figure 1. Schematic representation of the approach used to generate SNPs for GWAS analysis. The Bovine 50 K DNAchip data were imputed to the BovineHD using a reference panel of 3300 HD animals. After filtering to generate high-confidence set of variants, including RNA-seq, and DNA chip variants, the matched RNA and DNA samples enable verification of RNA SNP calls because they can be compared to the variant present in the respective dataset. Missing variants were imputated using Minimac3.
Earthquake Hazard Mitigation of Transportation Facilites for Lyon County
Creators: name: Fleckenstein, L. John
name: Allen, David L.
name: Drnevich, Vincent P.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 1989
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: Concern has grown in recent years over the seismic activity of the New Madrid seismic zone in Western Kentucky. Lyon County, Kentucky is located in this region. To permit emergency medical, supply, and equipment traffic into this area after an earthquake has occurred, the Kentucky Transportation Cabinet is interested in the possibility of keeping selected routes passable. This report lists the routes that have been investigated and recommended as being the routes in Lyon County that should be maintained in a passable condition. The recommended routes, US 62/US 641 and US 62 have been visually surveyed and all seismically significant features cataloged. These features are logged by their location on strip maps contained in Appendix A and a detailed listing of all the potentially critical features is given in Appendix B.
Additional file 2 of Genome-wide association analysis identified both RNA-seq and DNA variants associated to paratuberculosis in Canadian Holstein cattle ‘in vitro’ experimentally infected macrophages
Creators: name: Ariel, Olivier
name: Jean-Simon Brouard
name: Marete, Andrew
name: Miglior, Filippo
name: Ibeagha-Awemu, Eveline
name: Bissonnette, Nathalie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2: Supplementary Figure 2. Principal component analysis (PCA) of the 50 datasets of DNA variant. The PCA plots of each cow from both JD groups were drawn using the stats R package. All R analyses and graphs were processed in RStudio v0.99.467.
Influence of equation of state on interpretation of electrical conductivity measurements in strongly coupled tungsten plasma
Creators: name: Tkachenko, S. I.
name: Levashov, P. R.
name: Khishchenko, K. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the influence of equation-of-state (EOS) model on the interpretation of electrical conductivity measurements in strongly coupled plasma of tungsten by Korobenko et al. (2002 Plasma Physics Reports 28(12) 1008--1016). Three different semiempirical EOS models for tungsten are used. Discrepancies in obtained thermodynamic parameters and specific resistivity values as compared with calculation results of Korobenko et al. are analysed.
description: 11 pages, 5 Postscript figures, accepted for publication in J. Phys. A: Math. Gen
The Delbrook neighbourhood zoning process: a case study of collaborative public involvement
Creators: name: Paton, Jennifer Lynn
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Public involvement in planning processes is increasingly expected and demanded by members of the local community and it is also a key method that the planner can use to gain insight into a community. The challenge which professional planners face is in finding effective methods for involving the public in complicated and technical decisions which planners have traditionally made in isolation. Specifically, technical zoning law can be overwhelmingly complicated for members of the public. Today's planners are challenged with establishing processes which are inclusive and which generate consensus-based solutions. This thesis examines the use of collaborative planning to address the issue of compatible single-family infill housing. Specifically, this thesis addresses three questions: what are the elements of a collaborative public involvement process which can assist in creating a new single-family infill-zoning category; what are the limitations of using collaborative public involvement processes in neighbourhood re-zonings; and how does the Delbrook case study exemplify the use and implications of collaborative public involvement? These questions are examined via two avenues: a literature review focusing on public involvement, collaboration and monster house infill construction; and a case study analysis examining the Delbrook neighbourhood zoning project. The major findings of this thesis define evaluation criteria, emerging from the literature that can be applied to analyzing collaborative public involvement processes and also extract key lessons learned from the Delbrook case study. Significant conclusions of this thesis are that the public expects inclusive processes; the public is capable of rising to technical zoning challenges; it is important that the levels and opportunities for involvement are appropriate to the planning process; it is important to identify and periodically re-visit the roles of those involved in public involvement processes; and a clear and attainable goal must be set for collaborative public involvement processes. The Delbrook case study further illustrates that issues which inspire a great degree of controversy and which are complex in nature will require a more collaborative public involvement framework; the time spent on collaborative processes can cause the public to burn out; consensus building among those involved must always consider the larger community; and that collaborative processes are dynamic. In conclusion, it is noted that more research should be conducted on how the increasing empowerment of groups may or may not affect the power of the individual, the impact which the process chosen may have on the product or results; the extent to which limitations exist for lay persons involvement in technical planning subjects; and an exploration of other practical applications for dealing with large house infill construction.
Observational constraints on the dark energy density evolution
Creators: name: Doran, Michael
name: Karwan, Khamphee
name: Wetterich, Christof
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We constrain the evolution of the dark energy density from Cosmic Microwave Background, Large Scale Structure and Supernovae Ia measurements. While Supernovae Ia are most sensitive to the equation of state $w_0$ of dark energy today, the Cosmic Microwave Background and Large Scale Structure data best constrains the dark energy evolution at earlier times. For the parametrization used in our models, we find $w_0 < -0.8$ and the dark energy fraction at very high redshift $Ω_{early} < 0.03$ at 95 per cent confidence level.
description: 5 pages, 10 figures
3D Nanomagnetism in Low Density Interconnected Nanowire Networks
Creators: name: Burks, Edward C.
name: Gilbert, Dustin A.
name: Murray, Peyton D.
name: Flores, Chad
name: Felter, Thomas E.
name: Charnvanichborikarn, Supakit
name: Kucheyev, Sergei O.
name: Colvin, Jeffrey D.
name: Yin, Gen
name: Liu, Kai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Free-standing, interconnected metallic nanowire networks with density as low as 40 mg/cm^{3} have been achieved over cm-scale areas, using electrodeposition into polycarbonate membranes that have been ion-tracked at multiple angles. Networks of interconnected magnetic nanowires further provide an exciting platform to explore 3-dimensional nanomagnetism, where their structure, topology and frustration may be used as additional degrees of freedom to tailor the materials properties. New magnetization reversal mechanisms in cobalt networks are captured by the first-order reversal curve method, which demonstrate the evolution from strong demagnetizing dipolar interactions to intersections-mediated domain wall pinning and propagation, and eventually to shape-anisotropy dominated magnetization reversal. These findings open up new possibilities for 3-dimensional integrated magnetic devices for memory, complex computation, and neuromorphics.
description: 24 pages, 4 figures; 3 page Supporting Information with 1 figure. Nano Letters (2020)
Modeling accretion in the HST ULLYSES sample: the most comprehensive NUV study of T Tauri star accretion
Creators: name: Pittman, Caeley
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Classical T Tauri stars coevolve with their surrounding protoplanetary disks, with the two being connected by the stellar magnetic field. Magnetospheric accretion of disk material onto the star is a primary driver of the system’s evolution. It dictates the timescale of planet formation by removing disk material over time; it drives angular momentum transport; and it produces an accretion shock that irradiates the disk with NUV-dominated emission. This NUV continuum emission is observable only from space, and ground-based observables are less robust tracers of accretion. Therefore, we have undertaken the largest NUV accretion study of T Tauri stars using the Hubble UV Legacy Library of Young Stars as Essential Standards (ULLYSES) DDT Program as part of the ODYSSEUS and PENELLOPE collaborations. In this talk, I will present our results from consistently measuring the stellar and accretion properties of ~60 T Tauri stars using an accretion shock model.

Theme: New Insights into Star Formation and Evolution
Formes d'astéroïdes et formation de satellites : rôle de la réaccumulation gravitationnelle
Creators: name: Consigli, Jean-François
name: Tanga, Paolo
name: Comito, Carlo
name: Hestroffer, Daniel
name: Richardson, Derek C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Asteroid shapes and satellites: role of gravitational reaccumulation. Following current evidences, it is widely accepted that many asteroids would be "gravitational aggregates", i.e. bodies lacking internal cohesion. They could mainly be originated during the catastrophic disruption of some parent bodies, through the gravitational reaccumulation of the resulting fragments. The same events produced the dynamical families that we observe. In this work we address the problem of the origin of shapes of gravitational aggregates, that could contain signatures of their origin. We use a N-body code to simulate the collapse of a cloud of fragments, with a variety of initial velocity distributions and total angular momentum. The fragments are treated as inhelastic spheres, that rapidly accumulate to form rotating aggregates. The resulting shapes and rotational properties are compared with theoretical predictions. The results show that only a precise category of shapes (flattened spheroids) are created via this mechanism. This may provide interesting constraints on the evolution of asteroid shapes, in particular for those with one or more satellites.
Connecting complex networks to nonadditive entropies
Creators: name: de Oliveira, R. M.
name: Brito, Samuraí
name: da Silva, L. R.
name: Tsallis, Constantino
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Boltzmann-Gibbs statistical mechanics applies satisfactorily to a plethora of systems. It fails however for complex systems generically involving strong space-time entanglement. Its generalization based on nonadditive $q$-entropies adequately handles a wide class of such systems. We show here that scale-invariant networks belong to this class. We numerically study a $d$-dimensional geographically located network with weighted links and exhibit its 'energy' distribution per site at its quasi-stationary state. Our results strongly suggest a correspondence between the random geometric problem and a class of thermal problems within the generalised thermostatistics. The Boltzmann-Gibbs exponential factor is generically substituted by its $q$-generalisation, and is recovered in the $q=1$ limit when the nonlocal effects fade away. The present connection should cross-fertilise experiments in both research areas.
description: 8 pages and 4 figures
Finite transverse conductance in topological insulators under an applied in-plane magnetic field
Creators: name: Suri, Dhavala
name: Soori, Abhiram
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, in topological insulators (TIs) the phenomenon of planar Hall effect (PHE) wherein a current driven in presence an in-plane magnetic field generates a transverse voltage has been experimentally witnessed. There have been a couple of theoretical explanations of this phenomenon. We investigate this phenomenon based on scattering theory on a normal metal-TI-normal metal hybrid structure and calculate the conductances in longitudinal and transverse directions to the applied bias. The transverse conductance depends on the spatial location between the two NM-TI junctions where it is calculated. It is zero in the drain electrode when the chemical potentials of the top and the bottom TI surfaces ($μ_t$ and $μ_b$ respectively) are equal. The longitudinal conductance is $π$-periodic in $ϕ$-the angle between the bias direction and the direction of the in-plane magnetic field. The transverse conductance is $π$-periodic in $ϕ$ when $μ_t=μ_b$ whereas it is $2π$-periodic in $ϕ$ when $μ_t\neqμ_b$. As a function of the magnetic field, the magnitude of transverse conductance increases initially and peaks. At higher magnetic fields, it decays for angles $ϕ$ closer to $0,π$ whereas oscillates for angles $ϕ$ close to $π/2$. The conductances oscillate with the length of the TI region. A finite width of the system makes the transport separate into finitely many channels. The features of the conductances are similar to those in the limit of infinitely wide system except when the width is so small that only one channel participates in the transport. When only one channel participates in transport, the transverse conductance in the region $0L$ is zero even for the case $μ_t\neqμ_b$. We understand the features in the obtained results.
description: 8 pages, 8 captioned figures
Critical point and the nature of the pseudogap of single-layered copper-oxide Bi$_{2}$Sr$_{2-x}$La$_{x}$CuO$_{6+δ}$ superconductors
Creators: name: Zheng, Guo-qing
name: Kuhns, P. L.
name: Reyes, A. P.
name: Liang, B.
name: Lin, C. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply strong magnetic fields of H=28.5 \sim 43 T to suppress superconductivity (SC) in the cuprates Bi_{2}Sr_{2-x}La_xCuO_{6+δ} (x=0.65, 0.40, 0.25, 0.15 and 0), and investigate the low temperature (T) normal state by ^{63}Cu nuclear spin-lattice relaxation rate (1/T_1) measurements. We find that the pseudogap (PG) phase persists deep inside the overdoped region but terminates at x \sim 0.05 that corresponds to the hole doping concentration of approximately 0.21. Beyond this critical point, the normal state is a Fermi liquid characterized by the T_1T=const relation. A comparison of the superconducting state with the H-induced normal state in the x=0.40 (T_c = 32 K) sample indicates that there remains substantial part of the Fermi surface even in the fully-developed PG state, which suggests that the PG and SC are coexisting matters.
Is There an Imprint of Primordial Stars in the Tev Gamma-Ray Spectrum of Blazars?
Creators: name: Dwek, Eli
name: Krennrich, Frank
name: Arendt, Richard G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The 1 - 5 micron diffuse sky emission from which local foreground emission from the solar system and the Galaxy have been subtracted exceeds the brightness that can be attributed to normal star forming galaxies. The nature of this excess near-infrared background light (NIRBL) is still controversial. On one hand, it has been interpreted as a distinct spectral feature created by the redshifted emission from primordial (Population III) stars that have formed at redshifts > 8. On the other hand, the NIRBL spectrum is almost identical to that of the zodiacal cloud, raising the possibility that it is of local origin. Blazars can, in principle, offer a simple test for the nature and origin of the NIRBL. Very high energy gamma-ray photons emitted by these objects are attenuated on route to earth by photon-photon interactions with the extragalactic background light (EBL). This paper examines whether the extragalactic nature of the NIRBL can be determined from the analysis of the TeV spectra of blazars. (Abridged)
description: 16 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in the ApJ on July 15, 2005
Domain-Based Indexes
Creators: name: Buckland, Michael
name: Jiang, Hailing
name: Kim, Youngin
name: Petras, Vivien
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Indexation
subject: vocabulaire
subject: domaines discursifs
subject: meta-données
subject: Indexing
subject: vocabulary
subject: domains
subject: metadata
subject: 020 Bibliotheks- und Informationswissenschaften

description: La formation d'un vocabulaire évolue à la foi au sein d'une communauté et d'un domaine discursif. Cependant, les bases de données bibliographiques ont souvent un seul index créé pour la base entière, et ceci bien qu'elles couvrent fréquemment plusieurs domaines discursifs. A des fins expérimentales, des indexes furent dérivés du langage utilisé au sein d'un domaine discursif specialisé, sous-ensemble d'une base de données. Ce radical éloignement des pratiques traditionelles produit une amélioration significative des performances de recherche. La conclusion que les performances sont meilleures au sein d'un domaine spécifique, et qu'elles se détériorent au fur et à mesure que la portée du système s'étend a des domaines additionnels, est conforme aux expériences conduites en intelligence artificielle et traduction par machine. Cette analyse a également nécessité le développement d'une mesure opérationnelle de la performance des intermédiaires. Ceci résulte en plusieurs questions théoriques et pratiques.
description: The formation of vocabulary evolves within communities, within domains of discourse. However, bibliographic databases have traditionally had one single index created for the entire database, even though bibliographic databases usually cover an arbitrary group of domains of discourse. As an experiment, indexes derived from the language used within one single specialized domain of discourse, a subset of a database. This radical departure from traditional practice shows ignificant improvements in retrieval performance. The conclusion that performance is best within specific domains and deteriorates as the scope of the system expands to include additional domains is consistent with experience in artificial intelligence and in machine translation. Analysis has required the development of an operational measure of the performance of intermediaries. Several theoretical and practical questions arise.
Very short-term forecast of wind speed and power at the offshore wind farm Global Tech I using horizontal PPI lidar scans
Creators: name: Theuer, Frauke
name: Valldecabres, Laura
name: von Bremen, Lüder
name: Kühn, Martin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: With the increasing share of renewables in today’s energy system, the demand for very short-term forecasts (less than one hour) of wind speed and power has emerged as consequence of the fluctuating nature of wind. Such forecasts can be used to improve power system management and grid stability, and to reduce curtailment costs. Recently, very short-term predictions based on remote sensing measurements have proven valuable as compared to statistical methods, commonly applied on such short time horizons. For this analysis we use long range lidar measurements to predict wind speed and power on short time horizons at a downstream position. Here, we employ plan position indicator (PPI) lidar measurements of the inflow at the offshore wind farm Global Tech I in the German North Sea. Horizontal wind speed components are reconstructed at each range gate for timestamps t with a temporal resolution of 60 s by applying a VAD algorithm to data measured in the moving interval [t-600 s, t]. Using an advection technique these wind speed and direction time series are then translated into a forecasted time series at individual unwaked wind turbines of the wind farm. Forecasts at hub height are estimated assuming a logarithmic wind profile. Additionally, these wind speed forecasts will be translated to power forecasts using a power curve. High resolution SCADA data of the wind farm is available and will be used to verify those results.
Where Does the Robustness Come from? A Study of the Transformation-based Ensemble Defence
Creators: name: Liao, Chang
name: Cheng, Yao
name: Fang, Chengfang
name: Shi, Jie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper aims to provide a thorough study on the effectiveness of the transformation-based ensemble defence for image classification and its reasons. It has been empirically shown that they can enhance the robustness against evasion attacks, while there is little analysis on the reasons. In particular, it is not clear whether the robustness improvement is a result of transformation or ensemble. In this paper, we design two adaptive attacks to better evaluate the transformation-based ensemble defence. We conduct experiments to show that 1) the transferability of adversarial examples exists among the models trained on data records after different reversible transformations; 2) the robustness gained through transformation-based ensemble is limited; 3) this limited robustness is mainly from the irreversible transformations rather than the ensemble of a number of models; and 4) blindly increasing the number of sub-models in a transformation-based ensemble does not bring extra robustness gain.
description: The 27th ACM Conference on Computer and Communications Security (CCS) Workshop, AISec 2020
Quasars in the MAMBO blank field survey
Creators: name: Voss, Hauke
name: Bertoldi, Frank
name: Carilli, Chris
name: Owen, Frazer N.
name: Lutz, Dieter
name: Holdaway, Mark
name: Ledlow, Michael
name: Menten, Karl M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Our MAMBO 1.2 mm blank field imaging survey of ~0.75 sqd has uncovered four unusually bright sources, with flux densities between 10 and 90 mJy, all located in the Abell 2125 field. The three brightest are flat spectrum radio sources with bright optical and X-ray counterparts. Their mm and radio flux densities are variable on timescales of months. Their X-ray luminosities classify them as quasars. The faintest of the four mm bright sources appears to be a bright, radio-quiet starburst at z~3, similar to the sources seen at lower flux densities in the MAMBO and SCUBA surveys. It may also host a mildly obscured AGN of quasar-like X-ray luminosity. The three non-thermal mm sources imply an areal density of flat spectrum radio sources higher by at least 7 compared with that expected from an extrapolation of the lower frequency radio number counts.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures. Accepted for publication by A&A