cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Основы экономики
title: Учебное пособие
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Якушкин Е.А.
name:  Якушкина Т.В.
Publisher: name: Республиканский институт профессионального образования (РИПО)
Year: 2016

description: Рассматриваются основные категории и понятия, необходимые для формирования систематизированных знаний по предмету, такие как рынок, собственность, предпринимательство, деньги и кредит, труд и трудовые отношения. Раскрываются основы ценообразования, налогообложения, бухгалтерского учета, бизнес-планирования, маркетинга, менеджмента и т. д. Предназначено для учащихся учреждений профессионально-технического образования, а также учащихся неэкономических специальностей средних специальных учебных заведений.
description: Discusses the basic categories and concepts required for the formation of systematized knowledge on the subject, such as market, property, entrepreneurship, money and credit, labor and labor relations. Covers the basics of pricing, taxation, accounting, business planning, marketing, management, etc. is Intended for students of institutions of vocational education, as well as students of non-economic specialties of secondary special educational institutions.
Fast Money, 'Portfolio Urbanism', and the Remaking of an Industrial District into a Global Asset
Creators: name: Kim, Youngjun
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2023

description: Since the 2008 global financial crisis, many U.S. central cities have seen a boom in commercial property development led by innovative adaptive reuse and "creative office" projects. These have promoted new office submarkets in novel areas such as industrial districts or corridors adjacent to traditional commercial centers, including South Lake Union in Seattle, Chelsea Market in New York, Seaport District in Boston, and Fulton Market in Chicago. This boom has been conventionally interpreted as the outcome of several trends, including the growing importance of the millennial workforce in the labor market as well as new economic sectors such as technology, advertising, and media. The rapid pace of development has caused planners in cities such as Chicago to re-evaluate old industrial districts, focusing on facilitating new forms of redevelopment by reshaping existing local land use regulations and providing a new spatial vision for the area. In this dissertation, I argue that conventional interpretations of the rise of these creative office districts miss the mechanisms and dynamics underlying the transformation of old industrial spaces at the current moment. Through a case study of the post-2008 transformation of Chicago's Fulton Market and West Loop districts, I examine the unique characteristics of recent physical and economic changes and link them to a process of financialization of industrial space.
Solidarity Economy as a Pedagogical Praxis of Autonomy
Creators: name: Vaz, Priscilla Pinto Ferreira
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Year: 2012

description: This thesis explores the political contexts within which the movement of solidarity economy has emerged in Brazil and investigates the challenges it poses as well as the possibilities it opens up for the movement to push forth its non-capitalist project of society. In particular, I examine the tension between the discourse of autonomy the movement proclaims and the financial-political dependence it shows in relation to `progressive government' of Lula and his party. My work aims at shedding light to the pedagogical praxis of non-dominant forms of governance being enacted by workers as they organize solidarity economy initiatives to regain control over their livelihoods and political agency. I conclude that in order for one to perceive the emancipatory possibilities that solidarity economy entails one must approach `the economic' in a broader sense, taking into consideration the ontological, political and social dimensions of diverse economies, while avoiding Lula-centric and state-centric views of Brazilian politics.
Contextuality and Nonlocality in Decaying Multipartite Systems
Creators: name: Hiesmayr, Beatrix C.
name: Larsson, Jan-Å ke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Everyday experience supports the existence of physical properties independent of observation in strong contrast to the predictions of quantum theory. In particular, existence of physical properties that are independent of the measurement context is prohibited for certain quantum systems. This property is known as contextuality. This paper studies whether the process of decay in space-time generally destroys the ability of revealing contextuality. We find that in the most general situation the decay property does not diminish this ability. However, applying certain constraints due to the space-time structure either on the time evolution of the decaying system or on the measurement procedure, the criteria revealing contextuality become inherently dependent on the decay property or an impossibility. In particular, we derive how the context-revealing setup known as Bell's nonlocality tests changes for decaying quantum systems. Our findings illustrate the interdependence between hidden and local hidden parameter theories and the role of time.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures
Adiabatic field-free alignment of asymmetric top molecules with an optical centrifuge
Creators: name: Korobenko, A.
name: Milner, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use an optical centrifuge to align asymmetric top $\mathrm{SO_2}$ molecules by adiabatically spinning their most polarizable O-O axis. The effective centrifugal potential in the rotating frame confines sulfur atoms to the plane of the laser-induced rotation, leading to the planar molecular alignment which persists after the molecules are released from the centrifuge. Periodic appearance of the full three-dimensional alignment, typically observed only with linear and symmetric top molecules, is also detected. Together with strong in-plane centrifugal forces, which bend the molecules by up to 10 degrees, permanent field-free alignment offers new ways of controlling molecules with laser light.
The Impact of Design Parameters on Energy Demand for Office Renovation
Creators: name: Kwon, Minyoung
Publisher: name: A+BE | Architecture and the Built Environment
Year: 2020

description: Chapter 6 showed that the office layout and desk location were the most influential design factors for the thermal and visual comfort of users, and layout and orientation were most influential for psychological comfort in office buildings. Office design parameters were analysed to optimise user satisfaction in relation to indoor environmental and organisational quality in office buildings by showing predictable models. However, the predicted satisfaction models had not been tested in terms of energy performance. Therefore, this chapter evaluates the energy performance of the predicted models by computational assessment.a Section 7.2 explains the energy simulation scheme, model typologies, and simulation parameters. Section 7.3 presents the comparison of energy simulation results based on three design factors such as office layout, orientation and WWR. The results present the differences of the energy demand according to the alternative office typologies and contribution of design factors. The annual energy demand of 24 models are compared on the basis of different model typologies, and present the most energy-efficient typologies in section 7.4.
description: A+BE | Architecture and the Built Environment, No. 01 (2020): Energy-Efficient Office Renovation
User-focused design principles
Creators: name: Kwon, Minyoung
Publisher: name: A+BE | Architecture and the Built Environment
Year: 2020

description: Chapter 7 tested the energy demand of possible office typologies. However, the main aim of the thesis is to develop user-focused design principles for energy efficient office renovation. Therefore, it is important to compare the degree of user satisfaction of highly energy-efficient office typologies. Based on the results from chapter 7, chapter 8 introduces design principles that architects, and facility and real estate managers can use to select the combination of parameters with better user satisfaction during a conceptual design stage of office renovation. It contains a database of the different degrees of user satisfaction with thermal, visual, and psychological comfort, according to the combination of design parameters. Section 8.2 explains the design principles considering user satisfaction and energy efficiency. Section 8.3 provides the overview of predicted satisfaction of 144 office combinations. Recommended office combinations based on energy efficiency are explained in section 8.4. Section 8.5 describes the process of application of the design principles: how can designers interpret and use the principles and predicted models for energy-efficient office renovation?
description: A+BE | Architecture and the Built Environment, No. 01 (2020): Energy-Efficient Office Renovation
Conclusions
Creators: name: Kwon, Minyoung
Publisher: name: A+BE | Architecture and the Built Environment
Year: 2020

description: This research has explored the relationship between user satisfaction and design factors for office renovations considering energy efficiency. The findings of this research strongly support user-focused renovations of office buildings. My motivation for this research started from the consideration of comfort and satisfaction of building users and the focus on providing better and comfortable work environments for office users. The focus on user comfort and satisfaction is important, because literature shows that the increase of user satisfaction leads to the improvement of productivity and less absenteeism in workspaces. This research has been conducted by applying diverse research methods and analyses, such as monitoring the indoor climate of office buildings, interviewing architects and facility managers, conducting user surveys, and conducting statistical analyses. This chapter presents the conclusions by answering the main research question and corresponding sub-questions of each chapter. This chapter also includes the general conclusions highlighting the scientific contributions to the body of knowledge of the built environment and limitations of the research.
description: A+BE | Architecture and the Built Environment, No. 01 (2020): Energy-Efficient Office Renovation
Thermo-mechanical behavior of titanium beryllide pebble beds at elevated temperatures
Creators: name: Reimann, J.
name: Cilingir, E.
name: Gaisin, R.
name: Goraieb, A.
name: Nakamichi, M.
name: Vladimirov, P.
Publisher: name: Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT)
Year: 2023

description: The thermomechanical behavior of titanium beryllide pebble beds was investigated experimentally at temperatures between 200 and 500°C in helium atmosphere at atmospheric pressure. The pebbles consist of a mixture of TiBe12 and Ti2Be17 titanate beryllide phases and a small residual amount of Be phase, denominated as Be-7.7Ti. Like previous experiments at ambient temperature [1], the pebble beds were compressed uniaxially up to 4.5MPa and the effective thermal conductivity k was measured using the hot wire technique. Compared to ambient temperature, the stress-strain curves do not differ significantly in investigated temperature range. Because the thermal conductivity of solid TiBe12 is fairly constant in a wide temperature range [2], k increases moderately with increasing temperature because of the increasing thermal conductivity of helium. Compared to beryllium pebble beds, the k of the Be-7.7Ti pebble beds increases again much lesser because of the significantly smaller thermal conductivity of the solid material and the mechanically harder behavior resulting in smaller contact surfaces.
Early dynamics of the emission of solvated electrons from nanodiamonds in water
Creators: name: Buchner, Franziska
name: Kirschbaum, Thorren
name: Venerosy, Amélie
name: Girard, Hugues
name: Arnault, Jean-Charles
name: Kiendl, Benjamin
name: Krueger, Anke
name: Larsson, Karin
name: Bande, Annika
name: Petit, Tristan
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: solvated electrons
subject: nanodiamonds
subject: water
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften

description: Solvated electrons are among the most reductive species in an aqueous environment. Diamond materials have been proposed as a promising source of solvated electrons, but the underlying emission process in water remains elusive so far. Here, we show spectroscopic evidence for the emission of solvated electrons from detonation nanodiamonds upon excitation with both deep ultraviolet (225 nm) and visible (400 nm) light using ultrafast transient absorption. The crucial role of surface termination in the emission process is evidenced by comparing hydrogenated, hydroxylated and carboxylated nanodiamonds. In particular, a transient response that we attribute to solvated electrons is observed on hydrogenated nanodiamonds upon visible light excitation, while it shows a sub-ps recombination due to trap states when excited with deep ultraviolet light. The essential role of surface reconstructions on the nanodiamonds in these processes is proposed based on density functional theory calculations. These results open new perspectives for solar-driven emission of solvated electrons in an aqueous phase using nanodiamonds.
Impact of personal control on user satisfaction
Creators: name: Kwon, Minyoung
Publisher: name: A+BE | Architecture and the Built Environment
Year: 2020

description: Chapter 4 provided the impact of indoor climate on user satisfaction. Many studies reported that personal control over indoor environmental conditions is one of the influential factors for user satisfaction and environmental comfort due to its physical and psychological impacts. However, it is not clear to what extent users should be allowed to have control over the indoor environment. This chapter aims to identify the relationship between the extent to which users can personally control the conditions of their indoor environment and how satisfied they are with their thermal and visual comfort. Section 5.2 presents the data collection and assessment methods of occupants’ perceived satisfaction. The relationship between personal control and satisfaction is explained in section 5.3. Section 5.4 presents the dependency of user satisfaction with thermal comfort based on the degree of personal control over indoor environmental conditions, and section 5.5 explains the impact of the degree of person control on the user satisfaction with visual comfort. Section 5.6 discusses limitations of research of personal control, psychological impact of personal control, and how to design the personal control to optimise user satisfaction.
description: A+BE | Architecture and the Built Environment, No. 01 (2020): Energy-Efficient Office Renovation
Can parametric statistical methods be trusted for fMRI based group studies?
Creators: name: Eklund, Anders
name: Nichols, Thomas
name: Knutsson, Hans
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The most widely used task fMRI analyses use parametric methods that depend on a variety of assumptions. While individual aspects of these fMRI models have been evaluated, they have not been evaluated in a comprehensive manner with empirical data. In this work, a total of 2 million random task fMRI group analyses have been performed using resting state fMRI data, to compute empirical familywise error rates for the software packages SPM, FSL and AFNI, as well as a standard non-parametric permutation method. While there is some variation, for a nominal familywise error rate of 5% the parametric statistical methods are shown to be conservative for voxel-wise inference and invalid for cluster-wise inference; in particular, cluster size inference with a cluster defining threshold of p = 0.01 generates familywise error rates up to 60%. We conduct a number of follow up analyses and investigations that suggest the cause of the invalid cluster inferences is spatial auto correlation functions that do not follow the assumed Gaussian shape. By comparison, the non-parametric permutation test, which is based on a small number of assumptions, is found to produce valid results for voxel as well as cluster wise inference. Using real task data, we compare the results between one parametric method and the permutation test, and find stark differences in the conclusions drawn between the two using cluster inference. These findings speak to the need of validating the statistical methods being used in the neuroimaging field.
Order parameter scaling in fluctuation dominated phase ordering
Creators: name: Kapri, Rajeev
name: Bandyopadhyay, Malay
name: Barma, Mustansir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In systems exhibiting fluctuation-dominated phase ordering, a single order parameter does not suffice to characterize the order, and it is necessary to monitor a larger set. For hard-core sliding particles (SP) on a fluctuating surface and the related coarse-grained depth (CD) models, this set comprises the long-wavelength Fourier components of the density profile. We study both static and dynamic scaling laws obeyed by the Fourier modes $Q_m$ and find that the mean value obeys the static scaling law $\langle Q_m \rangle \sim L^{-ϕ}f(m/L)$ with $ϕ\simeq2/3$ and $ϕ\simeq 3/5$ with Edwards-Wilkinson (EW) and Kardar-Parisi-Zhang (KPZ) surface evolution respectively. The full probability distribution $P(Q_m)$ exhibits scaling as well. Further, time-dependent correlation functions such as the steady state auto-correlation and cross-correlations of order parameter components are scaling functions of $t/L^z$, where $L$ is the system size and $z$ is the dynamic exponent with $z=2$ for EW and $z=3/2$ for KPZ surface evolution. In addition we find that the CD model shows temporal intermittency, manifested in the dynamical structure functions of the density and a weak divergence of the flatness as the scaled time approaches zero.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures
Unobstructed Stanley-Reisner Degenerations for Dual Quotient Bundles on $G(2,n)$
Creators: name: Ilten, Nathan
name: Turo, Charles
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $Q^*$ denote the dual of the quotient bundle on the Grassmannian $G(2,n)$. We prove that the ideal of $Q^*$ in its natural embedding has initial ideal equal to the Stanley-Reisner ideal of a certain unobstructed simplicial complex. Furthermore, we show that the coordinate ring of $Q^*$ has no infinitesimal deformations for $n>5$.
description: 17 pages
Zwitterionic Dendrimersomes: A Closer Xenobiotic Mimic of Cell Membranes
Creators: name: Joseph, Anton
name: Wagner, Anna M.
name: Garay-Sarmiento, Manuela
name: Aleksanyan, Mina
name: Haraszti, Tamás
name: Soeder, Dominik
name: Georgiev, Vasil N.
name: Dimova, Rumiana
name: Percec, Virgil
name: Rodriguez-Emmenegger, Cesar
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: biosensors
subject: bottom-up synthetic biology
subject: hybrid vesicles
subject: synthetic cells
subject: vesicle fusion
subject: vesicle motility
subject: zwitterionic dendrimersomes
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: Building functional mimics of cell membranes is an important task toward the development of synthetic cells. So far, lipid and amphiphilic block copolymers are the most widely used amphiphiles with the bilayers by the former lacking stability while membranes by the latter are typically characterized by very slow dynamics. Herein, a new type of Janus dendrimer containing a zwitterionic phosphocholine hydrophilic headgroup (JDPC) and a 3,5-substituted dihydrobenzoate-based hydrophobic dendron is introduced. JDPC self-assembles in water into zwitterionic dendrimersomes (z-DSs) that faithfully recapitulate the cell membrane in thickness, flexibility, and fluidity, while being resilient to harsh conditions and displaying faster pore closing dynamics in the event of membrane rupture. This enables the fabrication of hybrid DSs with components of natural membranes, including pore-forming peptides, structure-directing lipids, and glycans to create raft-like domains or onion vesicles. Moreover, z-DSs can be used to create active synthetic cells with life-like features that mimic vesicle fusion and motility as well as environmental sensing. Despite their fully synthetic nature, z-DSs are minimal cell mimics that can integrate and interact with living matter with the programmability to imitate life-like features and beyond.
Breaking through the Mermin-Wagner limit in 2D van der Waals magnets
Creators: name: Jenkins, Sarah
name: Rózsa, Levente
name: Atxitia, Unai
name: Evans, Richard F. L.
name: Novoselov, Kostya S.
name: Santos, Elton J. G.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials for devices
subject: Materials science
subject: Mermin-Wagner limit
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::530 Physik

description: The Mermin-Wagner theorem states that long-range magnetic order does not exist in one- (1D) or two-dimensional (2D) isotropic magnets with short-ranged interactions. Here we show that in finite-size 2D van der Waals magnets typically found in lab setups (within millimetres), short-range interactions can be large enough to allow the stabilisation of magnetic order at finite temperatures without any magnetic anisotropy. We demonstrate that magnetic ordering can be created in 2D flakes independent of the lattice symmetry due to the intrinsic nature of the spin exchange interactions and finite-size effects. Surprisingly we find that the crossover temperature, where the intrinsic magnetisation changes from superparamagnetic to a completely disordered paramagnetic regime, is weakly dependent on the system length, requiring giant sizes (e.g., of the order of the observable universe ~ 1026 m) to observe the vanishing of the magnetic order as expected from the Mermin-Wagner theorem. Our findings indicate exchange interactions as the main ingredient for 2D magnetism.
Identification of the Allosteric Binding Site for Thiazolopyrimidine on the C-Type Lectin Langerin
Creators: name: Zhang, Hengxi
name: Modenutti, Carlos
name: Nekkanti, Yelha Phani Kumar
name: Denis, Maxime
name: Bermejo, Iris A.
name: Lefèbre, Jonathan
name: Che, Kateryna
name: Kim, Dongyoon
name: Kagelmacher, Marten
name: Rademacher, Christoph
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Chemical structure
subject: Ligands
subject: Peptides and proteins
subject: Reaction products
subject: Screening assays
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: Langerin is a mammalian C-type lectin expressed on Langerhans cells in the skin. As an innate immune cell receptor, Langerin is involved in coordinating innate and adaptive immune responses against various incoming threats. We have previously reported a series of thiazolopyrimidines as murine Langerin ligands. Prompted by the observation that its human homologue exhibits different binding specificities for these small molecules, we report here our investigations to define their exact binding site. By using structural comparison and molecular dynamics simulations, we showed that the nonconserved short loops have a high degree of conformational flexibility between the human and murine homologues. Sequence analysis and mutational studies indicated that a pair of residues are essential for the recognition of the thiazolopyrimidines. Taking solvent paramagnetic relaxation enhancement NMR studies together with a series of peptides occupying the same site, we could define the cleft between the short and long loops as the allosteric binding site for these aromatic heterocycles.
Measuring multipartite entanglement via dynamic susceptibilities
Creators: name: Hauke, Philipp
name: Heyl, Markus
name: Tagliacozzo, Luca
name: Zoller, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Entanglement plays a central role in our understanding of quantum many body physics, and is fundamental in characterising quantum phases and quantum phase transitions. Developing protocols to detect and quantify entanglement of many-particle quantum states is thus a key challenge for present experiments. Here, we show that the quantum Fisher information, representing a witness for genuinely multipartite entanglement, becomes measurable for thermal ensembles via the dynamic susceptibility, i.e., with resources readily available in present cold atomic gas and condensed-matter experiments. This moreover establishes a fundamental connection between multipartite entanglement and many-body correlations contained in response functions, with profound implications close to quantum phase transitions. There, the quantum Fisher information becomes universal, allowing us to identify strongly entangled phase transitions with a divergent multipartiteness of entanglement. We illustrate our framework using paradigmatic quantum Ising models, and point out potential signatures in optical-lattice experiments.
description: 5+5 pages, 3+2 figures
A semi-analytical model for exploring Galilean satellites formation from a massive disk
Creators: name: Miguel, Yamila
name: Ida, Shigeru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A better knowledge of Jovian satellites' origins will bring light on the environment that surrounded Jupiter during its formation and can help us to understand the characteristics of this unique satellite system. We developed a semi-analytical model to investigate Jupiter's regular satellite formation and present the results of our population synthesis calculations. We performed simulations adopting a massive, static, low-viscosity circumplanetary disk model, in agreement with a current study of magnetorotational instability in a circum-planetary disk. We find that the high gas density leads to very rapid migration of satellitesimals due to gas drag and type II migration of satellites in a faster disk-dominated mode. A large concentration of solids, large building blocks and longer type II migration time-scales favor formation and survival of large satellites. However, bodies as massive as Ganymede and those located far away from Jupiter, such as Callisto, are difficult to form with this scenario.
description: Accepted for publication in Icarus
Observation of competing, correlated ground states in the flat band of rhombohedral graphite
Creators: name: Hagymási, Imre
name: Isa, Mohammad Syahid Mohd
name: Tajkov, Zoltán
name: Márity, Krisztian
name: Oroszlany, Laszlo
name: Koltai, Janos
name: Alassaf, Assem
name: Kun, Peter
name: Kandrai, Konrad
name: Pálinkás, Andras
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: rhombohedral graphite (RG)
subject: many-body interactions
subject: mean-field approach
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::530 Physik

description: In crystalline solids, the interactions of charge and spin can result in a variety of emergent quantum ground states, especially in partially filled, topological flat bands such as Landau levels or in “magic angle” graphene layers. Much less explored is rhombohedral graphite (RG), perhaps the simplest and structurally most perfect condensed matter system to host a flat band protected by symmetry. By scanning tunneling microscopy, we map the flat band charge density of 8, 10, 14, and 17 layers and identify a domain structure emerging from a competition between a sublattice antiferromagnetic insulator and a gapless correlated paramagnet. Our density matrix renormalization group calculations explain the observed features and demonstrate that the correlations are fundamentally different from graphene-based magnetism identified until now, forming the ground state of a quantum magnet. Our work establishes RG as a platform to study many-body interactions beyond the mean-field approach, where quantum fluctuations and entanglement dominate.
Graphene-Based Platform for Infrared Near-Field Nanospectroscopy of Water and Biological Materials in an Aqueous Environment
Creators: name: Khatib, Omar
name: Wood, Joshua D.
name: McLeod, Alexander S.
name: Goldflam, Michael D.
name: Wagner, Martin
name: Damhorst, Gregory L.
name: Koepke, Justin C.
name: Doidge, Gregory P.
name: Rangarajan, Aniruddh
name: Bashir, Rashid
name: Pop, Eric
name: Lyding, Joseph W.
name: Thiemens, Mark H.
name: Keilmann, Fritz
name: Basov, D. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Scattering scanning near-field optical microscopy (s-SNOM) has emerged as a powerful nanoscale spectroscopic tool capable of characterizing individual biomacromolecules and molecular materials. However, applications of scattering-based near-field techniques in the infrared (IR) to native biosystems still await a solution of how to implement the required aqueous environment. In this work, we demonstrate an IR-compatible liquid cell architecture that enables near-field imaging and nanospectroscopy by taking advantage of the unique properties of graphene. Large-area graphene acts as an impermeable monolayer barrier that allows for nano-IR inspection of underlying molecular materials in liquid. Here, we use s-SNOM to investigate the tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) in water underneath graphene. We resolve individual virus particles and register the amide I and II bands of TMV at ca. 1520 and 1660 cm$^{-1}$, respectively, using nanoscale Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (nano-FTIR). We verify the presence of water in the graphene liquid cell by identifying a spectral feature associated with water absorption at 1610 cm$^{-1}$.
description: 25 pages, 5 figures
Robust Magnetic Order Upon Ultrafast Excitation of an Antiferromagnet
Creators: name: Lee, Sang-Eun
name: Windsor, Yoav William
name: Fedorov, Alexander
name: Kliemt, Kristin
name: Krellner, Cornelius
name: Schüssler-Langeheine, Christian
name: Pontius, Niko
name: Wolf, Martin
name: Atxitia, Unai
name: Vyalikh, Denis V.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: antiferromagnet
subject: lanthanides
subject: microscopic three-temperature model
subject: surface and bulk magnetism
subject: trARPES
subject: trRXD
subject: ultrafast spin dynamics
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::530 Physik

description: The ultrafast manipulation of magnetic order due to optical excitation is governed by the intricate flow of energy and momentum between the electron, lattice, and spin subsystems. While various models are commonly employed to describe these dynamics, a prominent example being the microscopic three temperature model (M3TM), systematic, quantitative comparisons to both the dynamics of energy flow and magnetic order are scarce. Here, an M3TM was applied to the ultrafast magnetic order dynamics of the layered antiferromagnet GdRh2Si2. The femtosecond dynamics of electronic temperature, surface ferromagnetic order, and bulk antiferromagnetic order were explored at various pump fluences employing time- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy and time-resolved resonant magnetic soft X-ray diffraction, respectively. After optical excitation, both the surface ferromagnetic order and the bulk antiferromagnetic order dynamics exhibit two-step demagnetization behaviors with two similar timescales (<1 ps, ∼10 ps), indicating a strong exchange coupling between localized 4f and itinerant conduction electrons. Despite a good qualitative agreement, the M3TM predicts larger demagnetization than the experimental observation, which can be phenomenologically described by a transient, fluence-dependent increased Néel temperature. The results indicate that effects beyond a mean-field description have to be considered for a quantitative description of ultrafast magnetic order dynamics.
Theoretical framework for user-focused evaluation in office design
Creators: name: Kwon, Minyoung
Publisher: name: A+BE | Architecture and the Built Environment
Year: 2020

description: As was stated in the introduction, a user-focused renovation approach can enhance user satisfaction in offices and the functional quality of the offices while meeting energy performance goals. The first step for this renovation approach is to identify users’ needs and the physical and psychological factors affecting user satisfaction, as input to office renovation projects. The main aim is to identify the factors that are affecting the physical and psychological satisfaction of users, based on what previous research has found in that field. Therefore, this chapter highlights the main parameters currently applied to the evaluation of user satisfaction, including the definitions based on the literature review. The research approach for the literature review is discussed in section 2.2. Searching was limited to the main key terms of office, work environment, and user satisfaction and comfort. Section 2.3 explores the relationship between office renovation and user satisfaction. The terms user satisfaction and the user’s expectations in workplaces are defined in section 2.4. In section 2.5, the important factors were searched through empirical-based international literature mainly. Based hereupon, section 2.6 discusses the challenge of evaluating user satisfaction. In section 2.7, the findings present ten main parameters to increase user satisfaction in office renovation. The parameters were categorised into three levels based on needs theories to organise the hierarchy of priorities.
description: A+BE | Architecture and the Built Environment, No. 01 (2020): Energy-Efficient Office Renovation
Induced pluripotent stem cells and cerebral organoids from the critically endangered Sumatran rhinoceros
Creators: name: Zywitza, Vera
name: Frahm, Silke
name: Krüger, Norman
name: Weise, Anja
name: Göritz, Frank
name: Hermes, Robert
name: Holtze, Susanne
name: Colleoni, Silvia
name: Galli, Cesare
name: Hildebrandt, Thomas B.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cell biology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Stem cells research
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::630 Landwirtschaft::630 Landwirtschaft und verwandte Bereiche

description: Less than 80 Sumatran rhinos (SR, Dicerorhinus sumatrensis) are left on earth. Habitat loss and limited breeding possibilities are the greatest threats to the species and lead to a continuous population decline. To stop the erosion of genetic diversity, reintroduction of genetic material is indispensable. However, as the propagation rate of captive breeding is far too low, innovative technologies have to be developed. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are a powerful tool to fight extinction. They give rise to each cell within the body including gametes and provide a unique modality to preserve genetic material across time. Additionally, they enable studying species-specific developmental processes. Here, we generate iPSCs from the last male Malaysian SR Kertam, who died in 2019, and characterize them comprehensively. Differentiation in cells of the three germ layers and cerebral organoids demonstrate their high quality and great potential for supporting the rescue of this critically endangered species.
From soft harmonic phonons to fast relaxational dynamics in CH$_{3}$NH$_{3}$PbBr$_{3}$
Creators: name: Swainson, I. P.
name: Stock, C.
name: Parker, S. F.
name: Van Eijck, L.
name: Russina, M.
name: Taylor, J. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The lead-halide perovskites, including CH$_{3}$NH$_{3}$PbBr$_{3}$, are components in cost effective, highly efficient photovoltaics, where the interactions of the molecular cations with the inorganic framework are suggested to influence the electronic and ferroelectric properties. CH$_{3}$NH$_{3}$PbBr$_{3}$ undergoes a series of structural transitions associated with orientational order of the CH$_{3}$NH$_{3}$ (MA) molecular cation and tilting of the PbBr$_{3}$ host framework. We apply high-resolution neutron scattering to study the soft harmonic phonons associated with these transitions, and find a strong coupling between the PbBr$_{3}$ framework and the quasistatic CH$_{3}$NH$_{3}$ dynamics at low energy transfers. At higher energy transfers, we observe a PbBr$_{6}$ octahedra soft mode driving a transition at 150 K from bound molecular excitations at low temperatures to relatively fast relaxational excitations that extend up to $\sim$ 50-100 meV. We suggest that these temporally overdamped dynamics enables possible indirect band gap processes in these materials that are related to the enhanced photovoltaic properties.
description: (main text - 5 pages, 4 figures; supplementary information - 3 pages, 3 figures )
Building characteristics and energy use of energy-efficient renovated offices
Creators: name: Kwon, Minyoung
Publisher: name: A+BE | Architecture and the Built Environment
Year: 2020

description: Chapter 2 presented the physical and psychological satisfaction parameters for user-focused evaluation. In most renovation projects, the façade is a major consideration next to the HVAC system to optimise the performance of the building. Many studies reveal that façade renovation has a large impact on the energy efficiency. The aim of this chapter is to identify the characteristics of renovated offices, such as façade types, HVAC system, and sun shading, and compare the energy performance based on user typologies in renovated and non-renovated office buildings. Section 3.2 describes an overview of façade renovation strategies based on literature. The renovation strategies are classified into four strategies: passive add-in, replacement, climate skin, and active add-in. Section 3.3 presents the criteria to select case studies. Section 3.4 describes the characteristics of four renovated case studies and one non-renovated case located in the Netherlands. The building information was collected through interviews with architects, a review of project documents, and a field survey. Cross-analysis was used to compare the renovation plan, physical conditions. Energy consumption of each office building was compared by different energy metrics in section 3.5. Section 3.6 discusses the limitation of the renovation projects and suggestions for the future study. The finding from cross-evaluation of case studies are described in section 3.7.
description: A+BE | Architecture and the Built Environment, No. 01 (2020): Energy-Efficient Office Renovation
Evaluation of user’s thermal perception and satisfaction towards indoor environmental quality
Creators: name: Kwon, Minyoung
Publisher: name: A+BE | Architecture and the Built Environment
Year: 2020

description: Chapter 3 compared the building characteristics of renovated offices such as façade types and the HVAC system and energy consumption with different units. These physical building characteristics do not only contribute to energy performance but also to the indoor environment. For user satisfaction studies, a comfortable indoor environment is one of the primary conditions of the working environment. Therefore, it is important to identify the impact of indoor climate on user satisfaction in different office buildings (technical attributes of renovated office buildings). The purpose of this chapter is to identify the impact of indoor climate on user satisfaction, comparing how much they are satisfied with the indoor climate to temperature and relative humidity and how much the users can adapt the certain temperature. Section 4.2 presents the data collection for 2 weeks in three seasons: summer, winter, and the intermediate season. Monitored indoor climate such as temperature, and relative humidity is compared in section 4.3. Section 4.4 compares the occupants’ thermal sensation, preference and satisfaction with physical measurements are compared in section 4.3. Lastly, the predicted optimal thermal conditions, and limitations are discussed in section 4.5.
description: A+BE | Architecture and the Built Environment, No. 01 (2020): Energy-Efficient Office Renovation
Impact of design factors on user satisfaction
Creators: name: Kwon, Minyoung
Publisher: name: A+BE | Architecture and the Built Environment
Year: 2020

description: Personal control was one of the influential parameters for user satisfaction presented in chapter 5. Personal control is not related to architectural office design, and in this thesis it is not associated with privacy and communication with colleagues. Thermal and visual comfort is analysed exhaustively in this chapter. Psychological comfort is an extra parameter for user satisfaction studies since the design factors such as office layout could be correlated to privacy, communication and so on. As a next step, chapter 6 investigates influential office design factors on user satisfaction related to thermal, visual, and psychological comfort and predicting which design factors may bring better satisfaction to users. Section 6.2 presents design factors affecting user satisfaction based on literature review. Five office cases in the Netherlands with 579 office occupants were studied using questionnaires, and interviews with facility managers and architects (section 6.3). Different statistical analysis tests were conducted to summarise satisfaction factors (section 6.4). The relative importance of design factors is described in section 6.5, and a regression analysis was used to predict profound outcomes in section 6.6.
description: A+BE | Architecture and the Built Environment, No. 01 (2020): Energy-Efficient Office Renovation
Morphological variation in the body and chelipeds of three species of Aegla
Creators: name: Winter, Gabe
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Life Sciences
subject: Animal Sciences
subject: Other Animal Sciences

description: In order to describe the morphological variation among three species of Aegla, photos of body and chelipeds of 79 individuals of A. plana, 95 of A. platensis and 81 of A. singularis were taken. The individuals were part of the scientific collection of the Museu Regional do Alto Uruguai, in Erechim, Southern Brazil. Following geometric morphometric methods, 21 anatomical landmarks were digitized on the body and 10 on each chela, using TPSDig.
Individual Differences and Category Learning Performance and Strategy - A scoping review protocol
Creators: name: Zhu, Tianshu
name: Minda, John
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Developmental Psychology
subject: Experimental Analysis of Behavior
subject: Cognitive Psychology
subject: Cognition and Perception
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: categorization
subject: category learning
subject: cognitive psychology
subject: individual differences

description: This registration is the protocol of a scoping review under the working titled "Individual Differences and Category Learning Performance and Strategy - A scoping review". This report is not an update of any previous review. Author Contacts: Tianshu Zhu (corresponding author): tzhu9@uwo.ca John Paul Minda, PhD: jpminda@uwo.ca Western Interdisciplinary Research Building, 1151 Richmond Street, London, ON N6A 3K7, Room 5158. Both authors contributed to the search strategy and analytic plan of this review. Any deviations from the protocol will be documented and discussed in the supplementary material of the review. Important deviations will be discussed in the review itself. This review is supported by the University of Western Ontario, which provides subscriptions to academic database and to Covidence. This institution has played no role in developing this protocol. This registration was dveloped using the PRISMA-ScR checklist.
Air Quality Policy Implications of the Highly Reactive Volatile Organic Compound Cap and Trade Program in the Houston Metropolitan Area
Creators: name: Medlin, Debbie Denise
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2006

description: The Texas Commission for Environmental Quality has designed an unprecedented, market-based emissions reduction program to trade four highly reactive VOCs (HRVOCs) in the Houston/Galveston/Brazoria (HGB) area, one of the most polluted regions in the country. These compounds, ethylene, propylene, the isomers of butene, and 1,3- butadiene, can form ozone very rapidly and lead to Transient High Ozone Events that have dominated the Ozone Design Values in the HGB area for more than two decades. The EPA proposed approval of the HRVOC Emissions Cap and Trade program in 2005 as a means to help meet the one-hour ozone standard of 0.12 ppm. Under the current eight-hour ozone attainment standard of 0.08 ppm, concerns have surfaced regarding the program's effectiveness in helping to achieve said standard by the 2010 deadline. Several policy implications of this uniquely complex program are examined against four other emissions trading programs and against uncertainties within the program itself.
Two-dimensional manifold with point-like defects
Creators: name: Gani, Vakhid A.
name: Dmitriev, Alexander E.
name: Rubin, Sergey G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a class of two-dimensional compact extra spaces isomorphic to the sphere $S^2$ in the framework of multidimensional gravitation. We show that there exists a family of stationary metrics that depend on the initial (boundary) conditions. All these geometries have a singular point. We also discuss the possibility for these deformed extra spaces to be considered as dark matter candidates.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures; Proceedings of the Conference of Fundamental Research and Particle Physics, 18-20 February 2015, Moscow, Russian Federation