cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Optimizing Glass Design: The Role of Computational Wind Engineering & Advanced Numerical Analysis
Creators: name: Brewer, Timothy R.
name: Sammarco, Eric L.
Publisher: name: Challenging Glass Conference Proceedings
Year: 2018

description: Wind induced pressure is a major design consideration for glazing design. However, the effects of façade geometry and urban terrain on wind loading are often difficult to quantify without costly and time-consuming wind tunnel testing. Accurate 3-dimensional data, covering most major cities, is becoming increasingly accessible, and such models are ideal to support numerical modelling of environmental effects on the built environment, especially if such modelling attempts to capture the geometric effects of the cityscape. A new methodology to assess the effects of wind loads on the structural strength of glass using transient, geometrically non-linear analyses and improved glass failure prediction models is presented. A description is provided for both the calculation of wind-induced façade loads, and the development and employment of a finite element (FE) solver to model façade performance.
description: Challenging Glass Conference Proceedings, Vol. 6 (2018): Challenging Glass 6
On some conjectures by Lu and Wenzel
Creators: name: Ge, Jianquan
name: Li, Fagui
name: Lu, Zhiqin
name: Zhou, Yi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 15A45, 15B57, 53C42

description: In order to give a unified generalization of the BW inequality and the DDVV inequality, Lu and Wenzel proposed three Conjectures 1, 2, 3 and an open Question 1 in 2016. In this paper we discuss further these conjectures and put forward several new conjectures which will be shown equivalent to Conjecture 2. In particular, we prove Conjecture 2 and hence all conjectures in some special cases. For Conjecture 3, we obtain a bigger upper bound $2+\sqrt{10}/2$, and we also give a weaker answer for the more general Question 1. In addition, we obtain some new simple proofs of the complex BW inequality and the condition for equality.
description: 31 pages
Massive triplet excitations in a magnetized anisotropic Haldane spin chain
Creators: name: Zheludev, A.
name: Honda, Z.
name: Broholm, C.
name: Katsumata, K.
name: shapiro, S. M.
name: Kolezhuk, A.
name: Park, S.
name: Qiu, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Inelastic neutron scattering experiments on the Haldane-gap quantum antiferromagnet \nd are performed at mK temperatures in magnetic fields of almost twice the critical field $H_c$ applied perpendicular to the spin cahins. Above $H_c$ a re-opening of the spin gap is clearly observed. In the high-field Néel-ordered state the spectrum is dominated by three distinct long-lived excitation branches. Several field-theoretical models are tested in a quantitative comparison with the experimental data.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Innovative Glass Recipes Containing Industrial Waste Materials
Creators: name: Justino De Lima, Clarissa
name: Veer, Fred
name: Çopuroglu, Oguzhan
name: Nijsse, Rob
Publisher: name: Challenging Glass Conference Proceedings
Year: 2018

description: The growth of the industrial production generates a high volume of waste materials. These products have a significant impact on the environment. Therefore, the valorization of industrial wastes, especially those produced in huge quantities, is an important social and ecological issue. Waste reuse and recycling could help to develop new products and aggregate value to materials that would have been previously discarded. Furthermore, it could reduce the consumption of natural resources and pollution. Blast furnace slag and fly ash are waste materials largely used in concrete production, mainly as an aggregate, and road construction, as porous asphalt and in other contexts. These wastes contain many elements that are also present in typical glass formulas, such as CaO, SiO2, Al2O3, and Fe2O3. However, these elements are highly refractory, and their presence in complex compositions leads to a high tendency to crystallize and to high working temperatures. For this reason, it is a challenge to get transparent materials at reasonable temperatures from these waste products. Glass is a material that allows large amounts of various elements in solution, and is suitable for assimilating the complex materials in its compositions. In this work, we produced transparent glass samples incorporating amounts up to 35% (in weight) of blast furnace slag or fly ash. The compositions were adjusted in order to allow for chemically durable glasses in relatively low melting temperature: the samples were successfully submitted to water durability tests and were obtained in melting temperatures between 1100°C and 1350°C, depending on the composition. The melting conditions were optimized in order to achieve a higher transparency. The optical, mechanical and thermal properties of the samples were measured and compared to the standard borosilicate and soda-lime glasses.
description: Challenging Glass Conference Proceedings, Vol. 6 (2018): Challenging Glass 6
title: Earth science education: How to narrow the gap between Earth science education potential and its low profile in schools?
Creators: name: Orion , Nir
name: Vasconcelos, Clara
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2020

description: Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel (1); Porto University, Portugal (2);

 During the past 30 years, Earth science education (ESE) research has established a solid theoretical foundation, as well as practical strategies and techniques, for meaningful teaching of Earth science from K-12. From articles focusing on inquiry-based teaching to research in environmental education and sustainable development, a holistic view of planet Earth has been promoted. Nevertheless, the quality of this research, and the growing need for knowledge in Earth science, have done little to improve the low profile of ESE in schools. The narrowing of the disturbing gap between the educational potential of Earth science and its low profile in schools requires a new agenda and a devoted commitment among Earth science educators all over the world. Such an agenda will encompass the deepening of existing research of the Earth systems approach in areas like the development of environmental insight better understanding the learning process as an embedded human instinct, which will hopefully contribute to changing the current essentialism-based teaching culture. To achieve this aim Earth science education needs to reach also out of schools to improve citizens’ values towards Earth System and inherently sustainable development goals. Citizens must recognize their role as participative beings on Earth's sub-systems, and face that life on Earth depends on the responsible management of the Earth system. New avenues of research focused on changing the attitudes of geoscientists towards their role in society and the adoption of geoethical values is also an emergent research topic to be added to this new agenda.
title: Sovereign Default Risk Premia, Fiscal Limits and Fiscal Policy
Creators: name: Bi, Huixin
Publisher: name: Bank of Canada
Year: 2011

description: We develop a closed economy model to study the interactions among sovereign risk premia, fiscal limits, and fiscal policy. The stochastic fiscal limits, which measure the ability and willingness of the government to service its debt, arise endogenously from a dynamic Laffer curve. The distribution of fiscal limits is country-specific, depending on the size of the government, the degree of countercyclical policy responses, economic diversity, and political uncertainty, among other characteristics. The model rationalizes different sovereign ratings across developed countries. A nonlinear relationship between sovereign risk premia and the level of government debt, which emerges in equilibrium, is consistent with the empirical evidence that once risk premia begin to rise, they do so rapidly. Movements in default risk premia for long-term bonds precede those for shortterm bonds, providing early warnings of increasing probabilities of sovereign defaults.
description: L'auteur élabore un modèle d'économie fermée pour étudier les interactions entre les primes de risque souverain, les limites budgétaires et la politique budgétaire. Les limites budgétaires stochastiques, qui mesurent la capacité et la volonté de l'État d'assurer le service de sa dette, sont tirées de manière endogène d'une courbe dynamique de Laffer. La distribution des limites budgétaires est propre à chaque pays, déterminée, entre autres caractéristiques, par la taille du secteur public, le degré de contracyclicité de la politique budgétaire, la diversité de l'économie et l'incertitude politique. Le modèle permet d'expliquer les cotes différentes attribuées aux pays développés par les agences de notation financière. La forme non linéaire de la relation qui émerge à l'équilibre entre les primes de risque souverain et le niveau de la dette publique concorde avec ce que révèlent les données, à savoir une hausse rapide des primes de risque lorsque ces dernières commencent à monter. Les variations qu'enregistrent les primes de risque de défaut exigées sur les obligations à long terme précèdent celles qu'accusent les primes observées dans le cas des obligations à court terme, signalant de façon précoce l'augmentation des probabilités de défaut des emprunteurs souverains.
Bilingual Lexicon Induction with Semi-supervision in Non-Isometric Embedding Spaces
Creators: name: Patra, Barun
name: Moniz, Joel Ruben Antony
name: Garg, Sarthak
name: Gormley, Matthew R.
name: Neubig, Graham
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recent work on bilingual lexicon induction (BLI) has frequently depended either on aligned bilingual lexicons or on distribution matching, often with an assumption about the isometry of the two spaces. We propose a technique to quantitatively estimate this assumption of the isometry between two embedding spaces and empirically show that this assumption weakens as the languages in question become increasingly etymologically distant. We then propose Bilingual Lexicon Induction with Semi-Supervision (BLISS) --- a semi-supervised approach that relaxes the isometric assumption while leveraging both limited aligned bilingual lexicons and a larger set of unaligned word embeddings, as well as a novel hubness filtering technique. Our proposed method obtains state of the art results on 15 of 18 language pairs on the MUSE dataset, and does particularly well when the embedding spaces don't appear to be isometric. In addition, we also show that adding supervision stabilizes the learning procedure, and is effective even with minimal supervision.
description: ACL 2019
Component Tests of Vitralock Installation System for Hollow Glass Blocks
Creators: name: Sokol, Zdeněk
name: Eliášová, Martina
name: Polata, Stanislav
Publisher: name: Challenging Glass Conference Proceedings
Year: 2018

description: The paper is focussed on partition walls assembled from hollow glass blocks. These blocks gained popularity recently because of new development: new decors, wide range of colours, variable surface finishing and wide range of accessories make it attractive for architects. In addition, improvements in acoustic and thermal properties, improved fire resistance and further innovations lead to new applications. The traditional method of assembling is based on using of cement mortar and steel reinforcement leading in kind of reinforcement concrete structure. However, the growing popularity demands new, easier and faster installation methods as is the Vitralock system. It consists of two plastic elements and steel reinforcement. The elements are easily assembled, there is no need for special tools and skills. The performance of the system needs to be verified and reliable design model and application rules need to be prepared. Extensive test programme was carried out at Czech technical University in Prague. It include full-scale test of the wall loaded by horizontal load to evaluate the overall performance. The test is briefly described in the paper. In addition, component tests were performed to obtain properties of several parts of the system. These tests allow to build component finite element model which can be used to predict the response of the wall. Detailed description of these tests and basic information about the model is included here.
description: Challenging Glass Conference Proceedings, Vol. 6 (2018): Challenging Glass 6
Glass at the Intersection of Art and Engineering
Creators: name: Bott, David
Publisher: name: Challenging Glass Conference Proceedings
Year: 2018

description: Sarah Oppenheimer is an artist whose work with glass challenges our perception of space. David Bott (PE, SE, AIA) of Heintges Consulting Architects & Engineers assisted Oppenheimer in developing structural solutions that do not always conform to traditional architectural parameters, often when there are no precedents in building codes. Bott highlights the apparent lack of clear glass engineering guidance in both the International Building Code and the ASTM E1300 standard. He goes on to explore the importance of utilizing information hidden deep within E1300 or contained in other codes and glass engineering literature, to tackle unique structural design situations. Engineering experience and imagination are not only relevant, but required. Two Oppenheimer projects are presented illustrating how the engineer overcame unusual structural challenges to help the artist develop her installations. The first project, a permanent entryway sculpture entitled P-131317, primarily consists of two oversized lites of glass sloped at 45 degrees, between which occupants enter and leave an academic building. The second project, a temporary gallery installation entitled 33-D, comprises two trapezoidal sheets of glass mounted through openings in the gallery’s partition walls. The bottom edge of each angular glass lite floats just above the floor plane with only three minimal support points.
description: Challenging Glass Conference Proceedings, Vol. 6 (2018): Challenging Glass 6
Laser Treated Glass Art Installation at Land Registry Ravensburg, Germany
Creators: name: Weingardt, Angelika
Publisher: name: Challenging Glass Conference Proceedings
Year: 2018

description: The state owned building of the Land Registry in Ravensburg, South Germany, got a new glass façade in front of the staircase. The artistic design, which is inspired by a crumpled piece of paper, is realized by laser treatment and digital printing with ceramic enamels. It is integrated in nine panels of insulating glass.
description: Challenging Glass Conference Proceedings, Vol. 6 (2018): Challenging Glass 6
Quantum Dynamical Entropies in Discrete Classical Chaos
Creators: name: Benatti, F.
name: Cappellini, V.
name: Zertuche, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81Q99, 37D20, 65P20

description: We discuss certain analogies between quantization and discretization of classical systems on manifolds. In particular, we will apply the quantum dynamical entropy of Alicki and Fannes to numerically study the footprints of chaos in discretized versions of hyperbolic maps on the torus.
description: LaTeX, 37 pages, 12 figures; v2: Corrected typos
title: Mixed Frequency Forecasts for Chinese GDP
Creators: name: Maier, Philipp
Publisher: name: Bank of Canada
Year: 2011

description: We evaluate different approaches for using monthly indicators to predict Chinese GDP for the current and the next quarter (‘nowcasts’ and ‘forecasts’, respectively). We use three types of mixed-frequency models, one based on an economic activity indicator (Liu et al., 2007), one based on averaging over indicator models (Stock and Watson, 2004), and a static factor model (Stock and Watson, 2002). Evaluating all models’ out-of-sample projections, we find that all the approaches can yield considerable improvements over naïve AR benchmarks. We also analyze pooling across forecasting methodologies. We find that the most accurate nowcast is given by a combination of a factor model and an indicator model. The most accurate forecast is given by a factor model. Overall, we conclude that these models, or combinations of these models, can yield improvements in terms of RMSE’s of up to 60 per cent over simple AR benchmarks.
description: L'auteur évalue différentes approches fondées sur l'emploi d'indicateurs mensuels pour prévoir le PIB chinois pour le trimestre courant et le trimestre à venir. Il a recours à trois techniques d'estimation à fréquence mixte : la première est basée sur un indicateur de l'activité économique (Liu et autres, 2007); la deuxième utilise la moyenne des valeurs calculées au moyen de différents modèles indicateurs (Stock et Watson, 2004); la dernière fait appel à un modèle factoriel statique (Stock et Watson, 2002). D'après les résultats qu'il obtient, chacune de ces approches peut produire des projections hors échantillon bien meilleures que des modèles autorégressifs simples. L'auteur examine également si le fait de combiner les méthodes de prévision offre des avantages. Il constate que la prévision la plus exacte pour le trimestre courant résulte de la combinaison d'un modèle factoriel et d'un modèle indicateur. La meilleure prévision pour le trimestre à venir est tirée d'un modèle factoriel. L'auteur conclut globalement que ces modèles, ou des combinaisons de ceux-ci, donnent lieu à des réductions pouvant aller jusqu'à 60 % de la racine de l'erreur quadratique moyenne par rapport à des modèles autorégressifs simples.
title: Financial Factors and Labour Market Fluctuations
Creators: name: Zhang, Yahong
Publisher: name: Bank of Canada
Year: 2011

description: What are the effects of financial market imperfections on unemployment and vacancies?  Since standard DSGE models do not typically model unemployment, they abstract from this issue. In this paper I augment a standard monetary DSGE model with explicit financial and labour market frictions and estimate the model using US data for the period 1964:Q1-2010:Q3. I find that the estimated degree of financial frictions is higher when financial data and shocks are included. The model matches the aggregate volatility in the data reasonably well. In particular, for the labour market, the model is able to generate highly volatile unemployment and vacancies, and a relatively rigid real wage. Further, I find that the financial accelerator mechanism plays an important role in amplifying the effects of financial shocks on unemployment and vacancies. Overall, financial shocks explain about 37 per cent of the fluctuations in unemployment and vacancies.
description: Quels effets les imperfections des marchés financiers ont-elles sur le chômage et l’offre d’emplois? Cette question est absente des études qui s’appuient sur les modèles d’équilibre général dynamiques et stochastiques (EGDS) courants, puisque ceux-ci formalisent rarement le phénomène du chômage. L’auteure incorpore des frictions financières et un marché du travail soumis à des frictions dans un modèle monétaire EGDS type, qu’elle estime sur des données américaines s’étalant du 1er trimestre de 1964 au 3e trimestre de 2010. Les frictions financières estimées sont plus intenses lorsque des données et des chocs de nature financière sont ajoutés. Le modèle restitue assez bien la volatilité globale observée dans les données. Plus précisément, la forte volatilité du chômage et de l’offre d’emplois est reproduite, de même que la relative rigidité des salaires réels. L’auteure constate en outre que le mécanisme d’accélérateur financier joue un rôle important car il amplifie l’incidence des chocs financiers sur le chômage et l’offre d’emplois. Dans l’ensemble, ces chocs expliquent environ 37 % des fluctuations du chômage et de l’offre d’emplois.
title: Bank Loans for Private and Public Firms in a Credit Crunch
Creators: name: Allen, Jason
name: Paligorova, Teodora
Publisher: name: Bank of Canada
Year: 2011

description: Banks reliance on short-term funding has increased over time. While an effective source of financing in good times, the 2007 financial crisis has exposed the vulnerability of banks and ultimately firms to such a liability structure. The authors show that banks that relied most on wholesale funding were the ones to contract its lending the most during the crisis. Their results suggest that banks propagate liquidity shocks by reducing credit only to a certain type of borrower. Importantly, in the financial crisis banks passed the liquidity shock only to public firms. Furthermore, long-term relationships between firms and banks played an important role during the crisis. Public firms with weak banking relationships pre-crisis experienced a greater credit crunch than other public borrowers.
description: Le recours des banques au financement de court terme s’est accru au fil des ans. Bien que cette pratique soit efficace lorsque tout va bien, la crise financière de 2007 a mis au jour la vulnérabilité des banques et donc celle des entreprises à une telle structure de passif. Les auteurs montrent que les banques les plus tributaires du financement de gros sont celles qui ont le plus réduit leurs prêts durant la crise. D’après leur analyse, les banques contribuent à la propagation des chocs de liquidité en diminuant uniquement les crédits qu’elles accordent à un certain type d’emprunteur. Lors de la dernière crise financière en particulier, elles n’ont répercuté le choc de liquidité que sur les entreprises cotées en bourse. Les auteurs constatent que les relations à long terme que les firmes nouent avec les banques ont également beaucoup joué : les entreprises cotées qui, avant la crise, n’entretenaient pas de relations suivies de ce type ont davantage souffert du resserrement du crédit que les autres sociétés ouvertes.
title: Preliminary cyclostratigraphy on planktonic foraminifera from IODP-Hole U1406A
Creators: name: Fabbrini, Alessio
name: Foresi, Luca
name: Lecomte, Isabelle
name: Lirer, Fabrizio
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2020

description: Cyclostratigraphy reconstructs astronomical-periodic signals in quantitative data from climate-sensitive proxies, as microfossils, carbonate content, isotopic data or any physical properties measurable at sufficient resolution. The astronomical cycles strongly influence the climate changes at a long time scale. The deep link between climate, sedimentation and orbitally forced insolation can be detected at a smaller scale and it allows the tuning of sedimentary sequences using foraminifera. This study investigated the interval 23.40-21.17 Ma within IODP Site U1406 in the North Atlantic Ocean, detecting periodicities longer than 40 Ky. The spectral analysis on Paragloborotalia siakensis, Globigerina bulloides, Globoturborotalita and Catapsydrax provided the most reliable results, All signals resulted stronger in the upper portion of the succession and weaker in the lower one, highlighting problems on the first paleomagnetic age model of this site. Paragloborotalia siakensis shows the strongest correspondence with the 110 Ky, 400 Ky and 1.2 Ma eccentricity cycles. Thus, it was selected to elaborate the second age model. Iteratively using the 400 Ky periodicity as an additional checking tool, the P. siakensis filtered curve has been adjusted to achieve the final age model, correlating each peak of its distribution to the eccentricity curve Laskar2004. The abundance of G. bulloides seems paced by 110 Ky, 400 Ky and 1.2 Ma eccentricity cycles in antiphasic relation to P. siakenisis. Globigerina bulloides and Trilobatus group show unexpectedly a similar sensitivity to astronomical cycles, possibly explained by different paleoecological affinity of T. primordius in respect with the other taxa of the Globigerinoides plexus.
Additional file 1 of Correlation between the HIF-1α/Notch signaling pathway and Modic changes in nucleus pulposus cells isolated from patients with low back pain
Creators: name: Xiong, Zekang
name: Ding, Jun
name: Zhou, Jinge
name: Yao, Sheng
name: Zheng, Jin
name: Guo, Xiaodong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Western blot anlysis of samples from different MCs patients were treated with CoCl2 (100 μM) for 24 h, or cultured in hypoxia condition for 4, 8, or 12 h.
Analysis of the Quiescent Low-Mass X-ray Binary Population in Galactic Globular Clusters
Creators: name: Heinke, C. O.
name: Grindlay, J. E.
name: Lugger, P. M.
name: Cohn, H. N.
name: Edmonds, P. D.
name: Lloyd, D. A.
name: Cool, A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quiescent low-mass X-ray binaries (qLMXBs) containing neutron stars have been identified in several globular clusters using Chandra or XMM X-ray observations, using their soft thermal spectra. We report a complete census of the qLMXB population in these clusters, identifying three additional probable qLMXBs in NGC 6440. We conduct several analyses of the qLMXB population, and compare it with the harder, primarily CV, population of low-luminosity X-ray sources with 10^31
description: Submitted to ApJ. 22 pages, seven figures
title: Forecasting the Price of Oil
Creators: name: Alquist, Ron
name: Kilian, Lutz
name: Vigfusson, Robert J.
Publisher: name: Bank of Canada
Year: 2011

description: We address some of the key questions that arise in forecasting the price of crude oil. What do applied forecasters need to know about the choice of sample period and about the tradeoffs between alternative oil price series and model specifications? Are real or nominal oil prices predictable based on macroeconomic aggregates? Does this predictability translate into gains in out-of-sample forecast accuracy compared with conventional no-change forecasts? How useful are oil futures markets in forecasting the price of oil? How useful are survey forecasts? How does one evaluate the sensitivity of a baseline oil price forecast to alternative assumptions about future demand and supply conditions? How does one quantify risks associated with oil price forecasts? Can joint forecasts of the price of oil and of U.S. real GDP growth be improved upon by allowing for asymmetries?
description: Les auteurs analysent quelques-unes des grandes questions qui se posent dans la prévision du prix du pétrole brut. Que doivent savoir les prévisionnistes quant au choix de la période d’observation et aux choix entre différentes séries de prix et spécifications de modèle? Les prix réels ou nominaux du pétrole peuvent-ils être prévus à partir des agrégats macroéconomiques? Cette prévisibilité se traduit-elle par une précision accrue des prévisions hors échantillon par rapport à celles issues d’une marche aléatoire classique? Quelle est la valeur prédictive des marchés des contrats à terme sur le pétrole? Quelle est l’utilité des enquêtes menées auprès de spécialistes? Comment évaluer la sensibilité d’une prévision de référence à diverses hypothèses concernant la demande et les conditions d’approvisionnement futures? Comment quantifier les risques associés aux prévisions du prix du pétrole? Peut-on améliorer les prévisions conjointes du prix du pétrole et de la croissance du PIB réel aux États-Unis en intégrant des asymétries?
Zaryadye Park, Glass Grid Shell Roof
Creators: name: Vasilchenko-Malishev, Gennady
name: Chesnokov, S.
Publisher: name: Challenging Glass Conference Proceedings
Year: 2018

description: This paper will describe the design, detailing, testing and construction of the structural glass beams which make up the load bearing grid shell structure of the newly built Zaryadye Park in Moscow, Russia. The canopy structure is situated short distance from Red Square and the Kremlin. Structural glass beams, 72 in total, are connected into the main undulating steel grid shell structure which measures approximately 120m long and 60m wide. The beams themselves vary in length according to the geometry but are generally 3m long, 0.2m deep. The beams meet each other and the main steel structure at bespoke stainless steel nodes, and are topped by triangular glass roof panels. The glass beams were designed to accommodate Moscow’s extreme weather conditions, with drifted snow loads of up to 350 kg/m2. Differential movement of the main structure was another challenge for the design team, and required sophisticated linear analysis with over 150 load combinations. The resulting movements called for further development of the nodal connections and non-linear analysis of their performance. Due to a lack of legislation covering structural glass in Russia a so called ‘Special Technical Standard’ was required. This document was written with significant input from us and covers the technical aspects of glass and its performance. A full scale mock-up of one roof panel, complete with beams and node connections, was constructed and tested to gain approvals from the authorities. Zaryadye Park is Moscow’s first new major landmark in 50 years and was opened on the 9th of September in time for the City Day celebrations.
description: Challenging Glass Conference Proceedings, Vol. 6 (2018): Challenging Glass 6
The Role of Magnetic Helicity in Coronal Heating
Creators: name: Knizhnik, Kalman J.
name: Antiochos, Spiro K.
name: Klimchuk, James A.
name: DeVore, C. Richard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of the greatest challenges in solar physics is understanding the heating of the Sun's corona. Most theories for coronal heating postulate that free energy in the form of magnetic twist/stress is injected by the photosphere into the corona where the free energy is converted into heat either through reconnection or wave dissipation. The magnetic helicity associated with the twist/stress, however, is expected to be conserved and appear in the corona. In previous work we showed that helicity associated with the small-scale twists undergoes an inverse cascade via stochastic reconnection in the corona, and ends up as the observed large-scale shear of filament channels. Our ``helicity condensation'' model accounts for both the formation of filament channels and the observed smooth, laminar structure of coronal loops. In this paper, we demonstrate, using helicity- and energy-conserving numerical simulations of a coronal system driven by photospheric motions, that the model also provides a natural mechanism for heating the corona. We show that the heat generated by the reconnection responsible for the helicity condensation process is sufficient to account for the observed coronal heating. We study the role that helicity injection plays in determining coronal heating and find that, crucially, the heating rate is only weakly dependent on the net helicity preference of the photospheric driving. Our calculations demonstrate that motions with 100\% helicity preference are least efficient at heating the corona; those with 0\% preference are most efficient. We discuss the physical origins of this result and its implications for the observed corona.
description: Accepted by ApJ
Target Localization with Jammer Removal Using Frequency Diverse Array
Creators: name: Liu, Qi
name: Xu, Jingwei
name: Ding, Zhi
name: So, Hing Cheung
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: A foremost task in frequency diverse array multiple-input multiple-output (FDA-MIMO) radar is to efficiently obtain the target signal in the presence of interferences. In this paper, we employ a novel "low-rank + low-rank + sparse" decomposition model to extract the low-rank desired signal and suppress the jamming signals from both barrage and burst jammers. In the literature, the barrage jamming signals, which are intentionally interfered by enemy jammer radar, are usually assumed Gaussian distributed. However, such assumption is oversimplified to hold in practice as the interferences often exhibit non-Gaussian properties. Those non-Gaussian jamming signals, known as impulsive noise or burst jamming, are involuntarily deviated from friendly radar or other working radio equipment including amplifier saturation and sensor failures, thunderstorms and man-made noise. The estimation performance of the existing estimators, relied crucially on the Gaussian noise assumption, may degrade substantially since the probability density function (PDF) of burst jamming has heavier tails that exceed a few standard deviations than the Gaussian distribution. To capture a more general signal model with burst jamming in practice, both barrage jamming and burst jamming are included and a two-step "Go Decomposition" (GoDec) method via alternating minimization is devised for such mixed jamming signal model, where the $a$ $priori$ rank information is exploited to suppress two kinds of jammers and estimate the desired target. Simulation results verify the robust performance of the devised scheme.
title: Sending scientists into classrooms: The online platform “Forschungsbörse” linking schools with active research scientists
Creators: name: Geldmacher, Jörg
name: Hlawatsch, Sylke
name: Neumann, Franziska
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2020

description: GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Germany (1); Richard Hallmann Schule Trappenkamp, Germany (2); Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt - Projektträger-Wissenschaftskommunikation, Germany (3)

 The online platform www.forschungsboerse.de was launched in 2010 by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research as part of the “Science Year” as an instrument for science communication and knowledge transfer. The platform connects schools of all types with scientists from academia crossing all research fields to promote direct and personal exchange between students and scientists nationwide. The personal encounters between researchers and schoolchildren aim to create a better understanding of scientific questions, methods and goals of research, to promote “scientific literacy” and to demonstrate potential career paths in science. Currently, the online platform arranges about one school-scientist contact per day and over 1,000 scientists are participating on a voluntary basis. For the researchers, interacting with school children strengthens their communication skills and promotes the mission of science as a social task. For the inviting teachers, the expert’s presentations and hands-on demonstrations support and enrich teaching of their respective subject content. Above all, the students benefit from the direct interaction with active research scientists, and as a result, over 30,000 students have already welcomed a scientist to their classrooms thanks to the Forschungsbörse. In this contribution we introduce the Forschungsbörse to the geoscience community and use one lecture (on seamounts), conducted for ninth-graders at a rural comprehensive school in 2019, as a case example. That lecture was evaluated by the 29 participating students by using standardized questionnaires.
Heterocerus sinuosus
Creators: name: King, Jonas G.
name: Lago, Paul K.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Heteroceridae
Heterocerus
Heterocerus sinuosus

description: 11. Heterocerus sinuosus (Pacheco)
 New Combination
(Fig. 19, 40, 64)
 Lanternarius sinuosus Pacheco 1964: 58.
 Description. Length 3.8 - 4.7 mm. Brown or reddish brown. Pronotum lighter than elytra, often with a more reddish hue (Fig. 19); pale elytral markings distinct, trifasciate, pale bands variable; striae vaguely indicated. Post-metathoracic coxal lines absent, post-mesothoracic coxal lines prominent. Male genitalia (Fig. 40) of the typical Heterocerus type; anterior phallobase gradually narrowed to approximately 75% of posterior width; median plate approximately 30% greatest width of phallobase, not constricted anteriorly, attached to body of phallobase near the posterior edge of the parameres, point of attachment broad with squared anterior edge; parameres elongate, about one-half the length of the body of the phallobase and rounded at their apices, median edges separated by approximately half the basal width of one paramere and parallel to one another; dorsal plate ovoid, with a small sclerotized cleft on its left anterior edge, posterior edge flattened. Hypermandibulate males unknown.
 Diagnosis. The difference in coloration between the light reddish-brown pronotum and the darker brown elytra distinguishes H. sinuosus from all other southeastern species in which post-mesothoracic coxal lines are present. The genitalia are also distinctive. The parallel edges of the median plate and its broad, squared attachment to the body of the phallobase is unique among southeastern species and, within the New World fauna, is shared only with H. infrequens Miller (1988a), a rare northern species.
 Notes. During this study, H. sinuosus was collected at two localities in Mississippi. One series of twenty specimens was taken from a Salix- dominated oxbow off of the Tallahatchie River in Tallahatchie County (N 34 o 01.484', W -90 o 08.460'). Another small series was collected near the Pearl River in a suburb of Jackson, Hinds County.
 Distribution. Heterocerus sinuosus is known from southern Canada and the United States west of the hundredth meridian as far south as northern Mexico. It had also been recorded from the eastern coast of the U.S. as far south as Virginia (Miller 1996). The Mississippi records mentioned above represent a new state record and extend the known range of this species over 500 miles to the southwest of its previously known distribution in the eastern United States (Fig. 64).
 Specimens examined. 26 (See Appendix).
description: Published as part of King, Jonas G. & Lago, Paul K., 2012, The variegated mud-loving beetles (Coleoptera: Heteroceridae) of Mississippi and Alabama, with discussion and keys to the species occurring in the southeastern United States, pp. 1-53 in Insecta Mundi 2012 (275) on page 24, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5188356
Performance Comparison of Structural Interlayers
Creators: name: Schneider, Jennifer
Publisher: name: Challenging Glass Conference Proceedings
Year: 2018

description: Engineers and designers are using glass in increasingly demanding applications such as stairs, floors, and bridges, large minimally supported facades and overhead glazing. The use of laminated glass in structural applications has become more recognized and preferred as safer choice to monolithic tempered or heat strengthen glass. Structural interlayers are stiff interlayers that increase the strength of the laminated glass enabling the glass structure to handle higher loads with thinner glass. The use of structural interlayers enables laminated glass use in the most demanding applications giving architects and engineers greater design freedom. Today engineers and designers have options when choosing a structural interlayer for their application, Stiff PVB or ionoplast interlayer. Both interlayers provide improved post breakage strength and structural benefits; however, some significant differences in properties that affect the final laminate performance exist. Applications that require higher temperatures above 30⁰C and/or long load duration, ionoplast interlayers perform the best. When the load duration or design temperatures are lower stiff PVB is a good choice. From the laminators perspective properties such as yield and final laminate quality are important considerations as well. There are differences between the structural interlayers seen during the lamination process that can influence lamination quality and yields. Stiff PVB process similar to standard PVB while standard ionoplast interlayers require some special processing. This may present a challenge for the laminators. Recent improvements in ionoplast interlayer technology now enable ionoplast to be laminated more similar to PVB giving laminators and engineers the best of both.
description: Challenging Glass Conference Proceedings, Vol. 6 (2018): Challenging Glass 6
title: Analyzing Default Risk and Liquidity Demand during a Financial Crisis: The Case of Canada
Creators: name: Allen, Jason
name: Hortaçsu, Ali
name: Kastl, Jakub
Publisher: name: Bank of Canada
Year: 2011

description: This paper explores the reliability of using prices of credit default swap contracts (CDS) as indicators of default probabilities during the 2007/2008 financial crisis. We use data from the Canadian financial system to show that these publicly available risk measures, while indicative of initial problems of the financial system as a whole, do not seem to correspond to risks implied by the cross-sectional heterogeneity in bank behavior in short-term lending markets. Strategies in, and reliance on the payments system as well as special liquidity-supplying tools provided by the central bank seem to be more important additional indicators of distress of individual banks, or lack thereof than the CDSs. It therefore seems that central banks should utilize high-frequency data on liquidity demand to obtain a better picture of financial health of individual participants of the financial system.
description: Les auteurs analysent la fiabilité des prix des contrats de swap sur défaillance comme indicateurs des probabilités de défaut durant la crise financière de 2007-2008. À partir de données issues du système financier canadien, ils montrent que si ces mesures du risque accessibles au public sont révélatrices des difficultés initiales éprouvées par l’ensemble du système financier, néanmoins, elles ne permettent pas une appréciation des risques qu’implique l’hétérogénéité des comportements des banques sur le marché des prêts à court terme. Les stratégies adoptées au sein du système de paiement et l’ampleur du recours aux mécanismes d’octroi de liquidités, aussi bien courants qu’exceptionnels, des banques centrales semblent être des indicateurs additionnels plus utiles de la situation de liquidité de banques particulières que les contrats de swap. Les banques centrales devraient par conséquent se servir des données de haute fréquence relatives à la demande de liquidité pour se faire une idée plus juste de la santé financière des divers participants au système financier.
Effects of magnetic anisotropy on spin and thermal transports in classical antiferromagnets on the square lattice
Creators: name: Aoyama, Kazushi
name: Kawamura, Hikaru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Transport properties of the classical antiferromagnetic XXZ model on the square lattice have been theoretically investigated, putting emphasis on how the occurrence of a phase transition is reflected in spin and thermal transports. As is well known, the anisotropy of the exchange interaction $Δ\equiv J_z/J_x$ plays a role to control the universality class of the transition of the model, i.e., either a second-order transition at $T_N$ into a magnetically ordered state or the Kosterlitz-Thouless (KT) transition at $T_{KT}$, which respectively occur for the Ising-type ($Δ>1$) and $XY$-type ($Δ<1$) anisotropies, while for the isotropic Heisenberg case of $Δ=1$, a phase transition does not occur at any finite temperature. It is found by means of the hybrid Monte-Carlo and spin-dynamics simulations that the spin current probes the difference in the ordering properties, while the thermal current does not. For the $XY$-type anisotropy, the longitudinal spin-current conductivity $σ^s_{xx}$ ($=σ^s_{yy}$) exhibits a divergence at $T_{KT}$ of the exponential form, $σ^s_{xx} \propto \exp\big[ B/\sqrt{T/T_{KT}-1 }\, \big]$ with $B={\cal O}(1)$, while for the Ising-type anisotropy, the temperature dependence of $σ^s_{xx}$ is almost monotonic without showing a clear anomaly at $T_{N}$ and such a monotonic behavior is also the case in the Heisenberg-type spin system. The significant enhancement of $σ^s_{xx}$ at $T_{KT}$ is found to be due to the exponential rapid growth of the spin-current-relaxation time toward $T_{KT}$, which can be understood as a manifestation of the topological nature of a vortex whose lifetime is expected to get longer toward $T_{KT}$. Possible experimental platforms for the spin-transport phenomena associated with the KT topological transition are discussed.
description: 20 pages, 15 figures
Agricultural Finance Statistics, 1960-83
Creators: name: Amols, George
name: Kaiser, Wilson
name: Amols, George
name: Kaiser, Wilson
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1984
Subjects: subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Financial Economics
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Financial statistics
subject: interest rates
subject: loans
subject: real estate farm debt
subject: nonreal estate farm debt

description: This bulletin presents farm financial statistics, including outstanding farm 4ebt by State and lender and average interest rates for agricultural loans charged by selected lenders for 1960-83. Farm debt includes both real estate and nonrea1 estate debt. Lenders include Commodity Credit Corporation (CCC), Federal land banks, production credit associations, Federal intermediate credit banks, commercial banks, life insurance companies, Farmers Home Administration, and individuals and others.
Supplementary document for High-performance All-inorganic CsPbBr₃ Quantum Dots with a Low-Threshold Amplified Spontaneous Emission and Lasing - 6173938.pdf
Creators: name: Ning, Shuya
name: Duan, Fan
name: zhang, naming
name: Dai, Kang
name: He, Jiajia
name: Liu, Zhihui
name: Wang, Shuo
name: Zhang, Fanghui
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2022
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Figure S1(PLQY),Figure S2 (emission spectra)
Combining Solar Control Technologies for Optimal Performance
Creators: name: Stevels, Wim
name: Haller, Matthias
Publisher: name: Challenging Glass Conference Proceedings
Year: 2018

description: Modern façade glass elements need to meet high standards of solar performance, as well as thermal insulation, while maintaining transparency requirements. These requirements are key to provide comfort for the building users and minimize energy requirements for heating and/or cooling. In today’s urban environment, likely additional requirements for reflectivity, glare and acoustic performance are in place. Advanced glass coatings have come a long way in meeting many of the requirements, and have developed to the extent that further development provides diminishing returns, either in their own performance, or in combination with other coatings. There are applications in the architectural space that have relied on other technologies to meet the requirements if the use of coatings was somehow restricted, e.g. warm bent glass, applications where edge deletion is not acceptable, or where coatings interfere with electromagnetic signal transmission. An example of such a technology are solar absorbing PVB interlayers for laminated safety glass. This paper illustrates how coating technologies and solar absorbing PVB interlayers can be combined to optimize façade glass performance.
description: Challenging Glass Conference Proceedings, Vol. 6 (2018): Challenging Glass 6