cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A Characterization Theorem for Aumann Integrals
Creators: name: Ararat, Çağın
name: Rudloff, Birgit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 28B20, 26E25, 46B42, 54C60

description: A Daniell-Stone type characterization theorem for Aumann integrals of set-valued measurable functions will be proven. It is assumed that the values of these functions are closed convex upper sets, a structure that has been used in some recent developments in set-valued variational analysis and set optimization. It is shown that the Aumann integral of such a function is also a closed convex upper set. The main theorem characterizes the conditions under which a functional that maps from a certain collection of measurable set-valued functions into the set of all closed convex upper sets can be written as the Aumann integral with respect to some $σ$-finite measure. These conditions include the analog of the conlinearity and monotone convergence properties of the classical Daniell-Stone theorem for the Lebesgue integral, and three geometric properties that are peculiar to the set-valued case as they are redundant in the one-dimensional setting.
description: 14 pages
Living-learning communities in college
Creators: name: Lieberman, Ellen Sue
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2018

description: Women are underrepresented in most science, technology, engineering, and math majors in college (STEM).  A survey of first year students at all four-year colleges in the U.S. indicated that only six percent of women intended to major in engineering (National Science Foundation, 2017).  Undergraduate programs for women in engineering are important for the labor force.Using a mixed method design, this study examined the recruitment, retention, and academic achievement of students in engineering at a large, public research university between fall 2012 and fall 2015.  Through a case study of a women’s-only living-learning community (LLC), the experiences and outcomes for students in engineering were assessed.  Data were obtained via semi-structured individual interviews and from student records. Using Eccles’ model of expectancy-value motivation theory, Astin’s theory of student involvement, social capital theory with how capital enables social networks to develop, the study examined the effects of a women-only LLC on the recruitment, retention, and academic achievement of engineering students; and the experiences of participants in the women-only LLC including its strengths and weaknesses.Results showed a significant increase of women entering engineering (24%) in the four-year period, despite a two percent overall engineering enrollment decline. High School Grade Point Average (HS GPA) and Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT) Math Scores were significant factors predicting retention and engineering grade point averages .  Gender and race/ethnicity were not factors in predicting engineering retention or achievement. LLC women entered college with the lowest combined SAT scores of the comparison groups.  However, for both years one and two they earned the highest engineering GPA and had the highest retention rate.Themes of community, friendship, and peer encouragement created a strong and resilient social network.  Connections to resources and access to faculty, especially women engineering faculty, were strengths of the community.  A required Women and Gender Studies course was important because it was not engineering-related and offered small group discussions about global issues affecting women. Weaknesses of the LLC were feeling disconnected from non-engineering students and less involvement in non-engineering activities.  Based on prior research of Living-Learning Communities, this study is a contribution to the field.
title: Satya Nadella at Microsoft: Instilling a Growth Mindset
Creators: name: Ibarra, Herminia
name: Rattan, Aneeta
Publisher: name: London Business School
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: FOS: Economics and business
valueUri: http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf

description: When Satya Nadella took over as CEO of Microsoft in 2014, he inherited a firm fading toward irrelevance, plagued by internal fights and inertia. Earlier that year his wife, Anu, had given him a best-selling book by Stanford psychologist Carol Dweck entitled Mindset: The New Psychology of Success, suspecting it might give Nadella some ideas for Microsoft. He adapted the idea to encourage employees to shift from Microsoft's historical 'know-it-alls' culture to embrace a 'learn-it-alls' curiosity. The case study provides background on Nadella's challenges and context, as well as how he and his leadership team executed their culture change effort.
description: LBS Case Code: CS-18-008
General achievable bound of extractable work under feedback control
Creators: name: Ashida, Yuto
name: Funo, Ken
name: Murashita, Yûto
name: Ueda, Masahito
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A general achievable upper bound of extractable work under feedback control is given, where nonequilibrium equalities are generalized so as to be applicable to error-free measurements. The upper bound involves a term which arises from the part of the process whose information becomes unavailable and is related to the weight of the singular part of the reference probability measure. The obtained upper bound of extractable work is more stringent than the hitherto known one and sets a general achievable bound for a given feedback protocol. Guiding principles of designing the optimal protocol are also outlined. Examples are presented to illustrate our general results.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures
Intense Ion Beam Neutralization Using Underdense Background Plasma
Creators: name: Berdanier, William
name: Roy, Prabir K.
name: Kaganovich, Igor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Producing a dense background plasma for neutralization purposes is experimentally difficult and requires a large amount of energy. We show that even an underdense background plasma with a small relative density can achieve high neutralization of intense ion beam pulses. Using particle-in-cell simulations, we show that if the total plasma electron charge is not comparable to the beam charge, electron emitters are necessary for effective neutralization, but are not needed if the plasma volume is large. Several plasma densities are investigated, including the case of electron emitters without plasma, which does not effectively neutralize the beam. Over 95% neutralization is achieved for even very underdense background plasma. We compare with an analytic model of neutralization and find close agreement with the particle-in-cell simulations. Further, we show experimental data from the NDCX-II group that verifies the result that underdense plasma can neutralize intense heavy ion beams effectively.
description: 5 pages, 6 figures
title: Budgetplaces.com (A)
Creators: name: Mullins, John
name: Conradi, Shira
Publisher: name: London Business School
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: FOS: Economics and business
valueUri: http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf

description: This is part of a case series. John Erceg was in a quandary. It was a sunny spring day in Barcelona in April 2010, and he'd been negotiating for several weeks with a possible buyer for the company that hes'sd created from scratch and built over the past seven years. Apart from buying two Barcelona apartments that got him started - thanks to his then girlfriend and now wife Lucia's good credit and a couple of hefty mortgages - and apart from maxing out a couple of credit cards in the early days and personally funding small losses in the early years, Erceg had not invested a single euro in an online travel agency business for which he had just been offered 17.3 million euros. The offer from GoTravelNow had come as a complete surprise. EnGrande, as Budgetplacess's corporate entity was called, was growing fast and was highly profitable, and Erceg wasns'st sure what to do. After weeks of negotiations, he had managed to improve the cash portion of the offer to 8.5 million euros. 'A life-changing amount of security for seven years worth of work,' he thought. Should he take the offer that was on the table? It was time to decide.
description: LBS Case Code: CS-14-013
title: Fatima Akilu: Staying true to her values (B)
Creators: name: Peterson, Randall
Publisher: name: London Business School
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: FOS: Economics and business
valueUri: http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf

description: In 2016, four years into her role as Director for Behavioural Analysis and Strategy at Nigeria's Office of the National Security Adviser (NSA), Fatima Akilu was summarily dismissed from her position, amid accusations of corruption at the organisation, and subsequently charged with fraud. Nigeria's fraud agency repeatedly investigated Fatima repeatedly at the insistence of the NSA, but could find nothing to substantiate the claims of malpractice, eventually concluding the allegations were tantamount to harassment on the part of the NSA. In the middle of being investigated, Fatima sat at her kitchen table at home in Nigeria with her sister and considered her options. One particularly attractive option was a job offer at the United Nations s'“ but that would have meant an end to the counter-radicalisation educational and counselling work she had poured herself into, and that was core to her personal values.
description: LBS Case Code: CS-21-010
title: Ο ρόλος της Εργοθεραπείας στα αντιληπτικά και γνωστικά προβλήματα ατόμου με Αγγειακό Εγκεφαλικό Επεισόδιο
title: The role of occupational therapy in perceptual and cognitive problems of the person with stroke
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Αυγερινού, Κωνσταντίνα
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Δυτικής Αττικής
Year: 2023
Subjects: Εργοθεραπεία
Αγγειακό εγκεφαλικό επεισόδιο
Ρόλος Εργοθεραπείας
Αντιληπτικά προβλήματα
Γνωστικά προβλήματα
Γνωστική αποκατάσταση
Αντιληπτική αποκατάσταση

description: Η παρούσα πτυχιακή εργασία αποτελεί βιβλιογραφική ανασκόπηση που πραγματεύεται τον ρόλο της εργοθεραπείας στη γνωστική και αντιληπτική αποκατάσταση του ατόμου μετά από Αγγειακό Εγκεφαλικό Επεισόδιο (ΑΕΕ). Αρχικά, παρουσιάζονται οι δομές και οι λειτουργίες του εγκεφάλου, η αγγείωση αυτού και γίνεται αναφορά στις αγγειακές παθήσεις που έπονται μιας εγκεφαλικής βλάβης. Ορίζεται η έννοια του ΑΕΕ, αναλύονται τα γενικότερα χαρακτηριστικά του, καθώς και τα επιδημιολογικά και κλινικά στοιχεία που βρέθηκαν στη βιβλιογραφία. Στη συνέχεια, περιγράφονται οι ειδικές και γενικές νοητικές λειτουργίες, η έννοια της αντίληψης, καθώς και οι δυσλειτουργίες που προκύπτουν ύστερα από ΑΕΕ στον γνωστικό και αντιληπτικό τομέα, σε συνδυασμό με τον τρόπο με τον οποίο επηρεάζουν τη συμμετοχή στα έργα. Παράλληλα, παρατίθενται γενικές πληροφορίες για την αποκατάσταση του ασθενούς στα πλαίσια της διεπιστημονικής ομάδας. Περιγράφονται ακόμη, τα μοντέλα της Εργοθεραπείας για τη νοητική και αντιληπτική αποκατάσταση του ασθενούς. Κατά την ανάλυση του κυρίως θέματος της παρούσας πτυχιακής εργασίας, γίνεται αναφορά στη διαδικασία αποκατάστασης σύμφωνα με τον ΑΟΤΑ, και στη συνέχεια, καταγραφή των διαδικασιών αξιολόγησης και των αξιολογητικών εργαλείων που εφαρμόζονται για την κάθε νοητική ή αντιληπτική δεξιότητα. Ύστερα, αναλύονται οι προσεγγίσεις και οι παρεμβάσεις αποκατάστασης και προσαρμογής που εφαρμόζονται από εργοθεραπευτές, με την παρουσίαση των αποτελεσμάτων σχετικών ερευνών. Τέλος, γίνεται παρουσίαση συμπερασμάτων τα οποία προέκυψαν ως σύνοψη των πληροφοριών που συγκεντρώθηκαν, μαζί με προτάσεις για τον εμπλουτισμό του ερευνητικού και θεωρητικού υπόβαθρου της θεματολογίας που εξετάζεται.
SOP Verification of Echinococcus multilocularis magnetic capture method in red fox (Vulpes vulpes) faeces and proficiency test.
Creators: name: Davidson, Rebecca
name: Henriksen, Kristin
name: Øines, Øivind
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Echinococcus
PCR verification
Magnetic capture

description: This method describes the verification panel for ensuring that the homogenisation and capture of Echinococcus DNA from red fox faecal samples using a magnetic capture method combined with PCR (Isaksson et al. 2014; Øines et al.2014) has performed satisfactorily.
$κ$-Deformed Phase Space, Hopf Algebroid and Twisting
Creators: name: Jurić, Tajron
name: Kovačević, Domagoj
name: Meljanac, Stjepan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hopf algebroid structures on the Weyl algebra (phase space) are presented. We define the coproduct for the Weyl generators from Leibniz rule. The codomain of the coproduct is modified in order to obtain an algebra structure. We use the dual base to construct the target map and antipode. The notion of twist is analyzed for $κ$-deformed phase space in Hopf algebroid setting. It is outlined how the twist in the Hopf algebroid setting reproduces the full Hopf algebra structure of $κ$-Poincaré algebra. Several examples of realizations are worked out in details.
Paracontact metric manifolds without a contact metric counterpart
Creators: name: Martín-Molina, Verónica
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C15, 53C25, 53C50

description: We study non-paraSasakian paracontact metric $(κ,μ)$-spaces with $κ=-1$ (equivalent to $h^2=0$ but $h\neq0$). These manifolds, which do not have a contact geometry counterpart, will be classified locally in terms of the rank of $h$. We will also give explicit examples of every possible constant rank of $h$.
description: 12 pages; several corrections have been made in this version
Derivative interactions for a spin-2 field at cubic order
Creators: name: Gao, Xian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Lorentz invariant derivative interactions for a single spin-2 field are investigated, up to the cubic order. We start from the most general Lorentz invariant terms involving two spacetime derivatives, which are polynomials in the spin-2 field as well as its first derivatives. Using a perturbative Arnowitt-Deser-Misner analysis, we determined the parameters such that the corresponding Hamiltonian possesses a Lagrange multiplier, which would signify there are at most 5 degrees of freedom that are propagating. The resulting derivative terms are linear combinations of terms coming from the expansion of the Einstein-Hilbert Lagrangian around a Minkowski background, as well as the cubic "pseudolinear derivative term" identified in Hinterbichler [J. High Energy Phys. 10 (\textbf{2013}) 102]. We also derived the compatible potential terms, which are linear combinations of the expansions of the first two de Rham-Gabadadze-Tolley mass terms in unitary gauge.
description: 18 pages, no figure; v2: Eq.(63) and comments added, published version
title: ProPay Ltd (A)
Creators: name: Willey, Keith
Publisher: name: London Business School
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: FOS: Economics and business
valueUri: http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf

description: Rick Stein gazed out at Propay Ltd's car park where his fifteen-year-old car now languished. A year ago ProPay's previous owner parked his Maserati in the exact same spot - a contrast that seemed oddly symbolic of Rick's current predicament. He had bought the payments gateway business after raising a Search Fund from a number of private investors and with a plan to improve what he perceived to be an 'undermanaged' business. A few months later it had become apparent that more funding was needed. He returned to his financial model to consider his positions'.
description: LBS Case Code: CS-18-021
title: Dollar Shave Club: Disrupting the Shaving Industry (Spanish)
Creators: name: Tavassoli, Nader
name: Kollenz-Quétard, Karin
name: Anderson, Jamie
Publisher: name: London Business School
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: FOS: Economics and business
valueUri: http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf

description: The case describes how Dollar Shave Club proved to be a disruptive force in the shaving industry, one dominated by Gillette for over a Century. It did so without a single patent to its name, and with a direct-to-consumer subscription and a content-based customer engagement model that was new to the shaving industry, but not to consumer products at large (e.g., Nespresso and Red Bull, respectively). The case demonstrates the disruptive power of a digital platform model, and highlights how new marketing capabilities can disrupt traditional channels. It challenges P&G owned Gillette to formulate a strategic response in light of Unilever's threat to acquire the upstart business. The case provides online links to a rich set of free videos that include a CEO interview, competitive advertising, and analyst commentary.
description: LBS Case Code: CS-18-017_ES
Higgs ultraviolet softening
Creators: name: Brivio, I.
name: Éboli, O. J. P.
name: Gavela, M. B.
name: Gonzalez-Garcia, M. C.
name: Merlo, L.
name: Rigolin, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the leading effective operators which induce a quartic momentum dependence in the Higgs propagator, for a linear and for a non-linear realization of electroweak symmetry breaking. Their specific study is relevant for the understanding of the ultraviolet sensitivity to new physics. Two methods of analysis are applied, trading the Lagrangian coupling by: i) a "ghost" scalar, after the Lee-Wick procedure; ii) other effective operators via the equations of motion. The two paths are shown to lead to the same effective Lagrangian at first order in the operator coefficients. It follows a modification of the Higgs potential and of the fermionic couplings in the linear realization, while in the non-linear one anomalous quartic gauge couplings, Higgs-gauge couplings and gauge-fermion interactions are induced in addition. Finally, all LHC Higgs and other data presently available are used to constrain the operator coefficients; the future impact of $pp\to\text{4 leptons}$ data via off-shell Higgs exchange and of vector boson fusion data is considered as well. For completeness, a summary of pure-gauge and gauge-Higgs signals exclusive to non-linear dynamics at leading-order is included.
description: 31 pages, 3 figures, 7 tables
The habenular volume and PDE7A allelic polymorphism in major depressive disorder: preliminary findings
Creators: name: Aftanas, Lyubomir I.
name: Filimonova, Elena A.
name: Anisimenko, Maksim S.
name: Berdyugina, Darya A.
name: Rezakova, Maria V.
name: Simutkin, German G.
name: Bokhan, Nikolay A.
name: Ivanova, Svetlana A.
name: Danilenko, Konstantin V.
name: Lipina, Tatiana V.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: The habenula is a brain structure implicated in depression, yet with unknown molecular mechanisms. Several phosphodiesterases (PDEs) have been associated with a risk of depression. Although the role of PDE7A in the brain is unknown, it has enriched expression in the medial habenula, suggesting that it may play a role in depression. We analysed: (1) habenula volume assessed by 3-T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in 84 patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) and 41 healthy controls; (2) frequencies of 10 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in PDE7A gene in 235 patients and 41 controls; and (3) both indices in 80 patients and 27 controls. The analyses considered gender, age, body mass index and season of the MRI examination. The analysis did not reveal habenula volumetric changes in MDD patients regardless of PDE7A SNPs. However, in the combined group, the carriers of one or more mutations among 10 SNPs in the PDE7A gene had a lower volume of the left habenula (driven mainly by rs972362 and rs138599850 mutations) and consequently had the reduced habenular laterality index in comparison with individuals without PDE7A mutations. Our findings suggest the implication of the PDE7A gene into mechanisms determining the habenula structure.
Excitonic and superconducting orders from repulsive interaction on the doped honeycomb bilayer
Creators: name: Murray, James M.
name: Vafek, Oskar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using a weak-coupling renormalization group formalism, we study competing ordered phases for repulsively interacting fermions on the bilayer honeycomb lattice away from half-filling, which is realized experimentally as doped bilayer graphene. As electrons are added to the system, excitonic order is suppressed, and unconventional superconductivity appears generically in its place. In general it is found that the maximum critical temperature for superconductivity appears directly adjacent to the dome of particle-hole order, illustrating the importance of fluctuations in these channels for the formation of unconventional superconductivity. We obtain the phase diagram showing characteristic ordering temperatures for both short- and long-ranged interactions, and show that the most likely superconducting instabilities occur in $d$-wave, $f$-wave, and pair density wave channels. The nature of and competition between these phases are further analyzed using both free energy expansion and self-consistent mean-field theory. The effects of finite temperature and trigonal warping due to further-neighbor hopping are studied, and implications for experiments on bilayer graphene are discussed.
description: 22 pages. Added refs and minor changes. Published version
title: Takeda: The governance of strategic transformation (B)
Creators: name: Korine, Harry
name: Asakawa, Kazuhiro
Publisher: name: London Business School
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: FOS: Economics and business
valueUri: http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf

description: The case series describes strategic transformation at Takeda, the largest Japanese pharmaceutical company, with a special focus on the R&D function. Since 2015, the 237-year-old industry doyen has narrowed its strategic focus from six to three therapeutic areas, reorganised its global R&D footprint around one Japanese and two US sites, and engaged in over 180 new partnerships across multiple modalities of drug discovery around the world. The pipeline of new drugs, a key gauge of future growth, has shifted from 7% partner-based pre-transformation to approximately 45% partner-based today, and an entrepreneurial, geocentric way of working has taken hold. At Takeda, a generation's worth of strategic transformation has been compressed into three years.From the outset of the transformation process, outgoing Chairman Yasu Hasegawa and incoming CEO Christophe Weber made it a point to sound out major shareholders and engage candidly with the union, working with different stakeholders to find novel organisational solutions. Once plans crystallised in 2016, Hasegawa and Weber moved to reconstitute the board of directors, changing its composition and renegotiating its modus operandi to further strategic dialogue. During the course of the same year, the executive team was recast around people s'“ internal and external s'“ who had the skills and the mindset to take the company forward on its new path. Early in 2017, executives finally initiated a review and adjustment of existing structures in R&D, particularly as they pertained to the burgeoning partnership portfolio. In other words, Takeda stands out not only as a rare example of a large company reinventing itself, but also as a case that illustrates the importance of proactively addressing the governance of transformation.
description: LBS Case Code: CS-18-25
title: Reuters Market Light: Strategic Innovation at the Bottom of the Pyramid
Creators: name: Markides, Costas
name: Winig, Laura
name: Oyon, Daniel
Publisher: name: London Business School
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: FOS: Economics and business
valueUri: http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf

description: This case is set in 2008 and examines the challenges facing Amit Mehra, Managing Director of Reuters Market Light (RML), a newly formed unit within Thomson Reuters, as he tries to grow the business amid organisational and market upheaval. RML represented a creative venture by Thomson Reuters to leverage its competences and make money at the bottom of the pyramid. Specifically, RML was set up in 2007 to offer customised, localised and personalised weather forecasts, crop prices and local agricultural news via short message service text messages on mobile telephones to rural Indian farmers. To do so, it had to develop an appropriate business model that allowed it to make money in rural India. The case is therefore a perfect vehicle to discuss three interrelated themes: (1) corporate entrepreneurship - how big established companies can grow new ventures next to the established core; (2) playing two games at the same time - how established companies can compete with dual business models; and (3) scaling up a new business - how to grow a new business while protecting it from rival attacks and internal politics.
description: LBS Case Code: CS-09-008
Cytokine level in patients with mood disorder, alcohol use disorder and their comorbidity
Creators: name: Mednova, Irina A.
name: Levchuk, Lyudmila A.
name: Boiko, Anastasiia S.
name: Roschina, Olga V.
name: Simutkin, German G.
name: Bokhan, Nikolay A.
name: Loonen, Anton J. M.
name: Ivanova, Svetlana A.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Because alcohol use disorder (AUD) is often accompanied by mood disorder (MD) and both alcoholism and depression result in activation of the immune system, this study compares serum cytokine levels in the presence of co-morbidity with those in either AUD or MD alone. In this naturalistic prospective study the levels of 15 different cytokines were measured in serum samples of patients with MD (n = 43), participants with combined AUD-MD (n = 44) and AUD without MD (n = 42). The levels were compared cross-sectionally among themselves and with those in 50 healthy volunteers. Pro-inflammatory IFN-2α levels were consistently significantly higher and anti-inflammatory IL-1RA significantly lower in all study groups in comparison to healthy volunteers. In the MD only group we found increased IL-6 (p = 0.001), IL-7 (p = 0.001) and IL-13 (p = 0.006) levels, and decreased TNFα (p = 0.0001), IL-1RA (p = 0.012), IL-10 (p = 0.002) compared with group MD + AUD. Patients with AUD only showed elevated levels of IL-1β (p = 0.046), IL-2 (p = 0.004), IL-7 (p = 0.0001), IL-4 (p = 0.049) and IL-13 (p = 0.015) in contrast with MD + AUD group. Because the interactions of alcohol with peripheral and cerebral immune systems are multifaceted, the pertinent connection to the mechanism how alcohol consumption contributes to the development of mood disorders cannot be properly explored.
Faithful tropicalisation and torus actions
Creators: name: Draisma, Jan
name: Postinghel, Elisa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14T05, 14M15, 14M12, 14G22, 52B40

description: For any affine variety equipped with coordinates, there is a surjective, continuous map from its Berkovich space to its tropicalisation. Exploiting torus actions, we develop techniques for finding an explicit, continuous section of this map. In particular, we prove that such a section exists for linear spaces, Grassmannians of planes (reproving a result due to Cueto, Häbich, and Werner), matrix varieties defined by the vanishing of 3 times 3 minors, and for the hypersurface defined by Cayley's hyperdeterminant.
description: 22 pages, 6 figures, corrected in an error in proposition 4.2---many thanks to a referee! Also corrected a latex-problem with references
Point vortices on the hyperbolic plane
Creators: name: Nava-Gaxiola, Citlalitl
name: Montaldi, James
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We investigate some properties of the dynamical system of point vortices on the hyperboloid. This system has noncompact symmetry SL(2, R) and a coadjoint equivariant momentum map J. The relative equilibrium conditions are found and the trajectories of relative equilibria with non-zero momentum value are described. We also provide the classification of relative equilibria and the stability criteria for a number of cases, focusing on N=2, 3. Contrary to the system on the sphere, relative equilibria with non-compact momentum isotropy subgroup are found, and are used to illustrate the different stability types of relative equilibria.
description: To appear in J. Mathematical Physics
Cooperative Emission of a Coherent Superflash of Light
Creators: name: Kwong, C. C.
name: Yang, T.
name: Pramod, M. S.
name: Pandey, K.
name: Delande, D.
name: Pierrat, R.
name: Wilkowski, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the transient coherent transmission of light through an optically thick cold stron-tium gas. We observe a coherent superflash just after an abrupt probe extinction, with peak intensity more than three times the incident one. We show that this coherent superflash is a direct signature of the cooperative forward emission of the atoms. By engineering fast transient phenomena on the incident field, we give a clear and simple picture of the physical mechanisms at play.
description: 4 Fig., 5 pages
Anomalous critical fields in quantum critical superconductors
Creators: name: Putzke, C.
name: Walmsley, P.
name: Fletcher, J. D.
name: Malone, L.
name: Vignolles, D.
name: Proust, C.
name: Badoux, S.
name: See, P.
name: Beere, H. E.
name: Ritchie, D. A.
name: Kasahara, S.
name: Mizukami, Y.
name: Shibauchi, T.
name: Matsuda, Y.
name: Carrington, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fluctuations around an antiferromagnetic quantum critical point (QCP) are believed to lead to unconventional superconductivity and in some cases to high-temperature superconductivity. However, the exact mechanism by which this occurs remains poorly understood. The iron-pnictide superconductor BaFe$_2$(As$_{1-x}$P$_x$)$_2$ is perhaps the clearest example to date of a high temperature quantum critical superconductor, and so it is a particularly suitable system in which to study how the quantum critical fluctuations affect the superconducting state. Here we show that the proximity of the QCP yields unexpected anomalies in the superconducting critical fields. We find that both the lower and upper critical fields strongly violate the expectations from the conventional theory taking into account the observed mass enhancement near the QCP. These anomalous behaviours of the critical fields imply that the energy of superconducting vortices is enhanced, possibly due to a microscopic mixing of antiferromagnetism and superconductivity, suggesting that a highly unusual vortex state is realised in quantum critical superconductors.
description: 9 pages
Magnetic penetration depth and vortex structure in anharmonic superconducting junctions with an interfacial pair breaking
Creators: name: Barash, Yu. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The penetration depth l_j in superconducting junctions is identified within the Ginzburg-Landau theory as a function of the interfacial pair breaking, of the magnetic field and of the Josephson coupling strength. When the interfacial pair breaking goes up, l_j increases and an applicability of the local Josephson electrodynamics to junctions with a strong Josephson coupling is extended. In the junctions with strongly anharmonic current-phase relations, the magnetic field dependence of l_j is shown to lead to a significant difference between the weak-field penetration depth and the characteristic size of the Josephson vortex. For such junctions a nonmonotonic dependence of l_j and of the lower critical field on the Josephson coupling constant is found, and the specific features of spatial profiles of the supercurrent and the magnetic field in the Josephson vortex are established.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures, published version
Experimental and Numerical Investigations into Terahertz Time-Domain Spectroscopy
Creators: name: Schiff-Kearn, Aidan
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2019
Subjects: Terahertz
Spectroscopy
Ultrafast
Semiconductors

description: This Master's thesis presents numerical and experimental results that benchmark a state-of-the-art terahertz time-domain spectrometer. We begin by describing the theory behind the nonlinear optical mechanisms through which we generate and detect short pulses of THz radiation. Based on a coherent electro-optic detection scheme, our measurements trace out the oscillating electric field of the THz pulses generated from the optical mixing process of optical rectification. A numerical simulation based on the theory presented in this work helps present the physical intuition behind our use of these nonlinear optical processes and is furthermore used to complement our measurements with theory. Utilizing the simultaneous amplitude and phase information provided by our detection scheme, we perform terahertz time-domain spectroscopy on sample materials. Our samples of interest are the III-V zinc-blende semiconductors GaP and ZnTe which are nonlinear media popular for their advantageous dispersive and absorptive properties in the terahertz range. Therefore, the thesis culminates in the demonstration of a material parameter extraction procedure which we use to obtain the complex refractive index of a GaP crystal and a ZnTe crystal.
title: Endomagnetics
Creators: name: Bates, John
name: Skinner, Jeff
name: Rivers, Oliver
Publisher: name: London Business School
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: FOS: Economics and business
valueUri: http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf

description: The case explores the methodologies for valuing an early stage, IP based business. Endomagnetics is a university spin-off based on technology from University college London. By the time of the case the business has raised (and largely spent) a seed round and is about to raise 'Series A'. The new CEO, Eric Mayes, is in discussion with investors. There is some interest and he knows that hes'sll soon need to propose - and justify - a pre-money valuation. He has the usual set of base assumptions on market size and penetration along with information on similar businesses. The question is how he can assemble this information to produce a valuation. The case uses a series of spreadsheets (created by a MBA intern as it happens) that take us through all the alternatives from detailed bottom-up 'decision tree' methods through to more sweeping market comparables, examining the strengths, practicalities and limitations of each approach.
description: LBS Case Code: CS-13-007
Chiral dynamics of the S11(1535) and S11(1650) resonances revisited
Creators: name: Bruns, Peter
name: Mai, Maxim
name: Meißner, Ulf-G.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: We analyze s-wave pion-nucleon scattering in a unitarized chiral effective Lagrangian including all dimension two contact terms. We find that both the S11(1535) and the S11(1650) are dynamically generated, but the S31(1620) is not. We further discuss the structure of these dynamically generated resonances.
Nucleon electromagnetic form factors from lattice QCD using a nearly physical pion mass
Creators: name: Green, J. R.
name: Negele, J. W.
name: Pochinsky, A. V.
name: Syritsyn, S. N.
name: Engelhardt, M.
name: Krieg, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present lattice QCD calculations of nucleon electromagnetic form factors using pion masses $m_π$ = 149, 202, and 254 MeV and an action with clover-improved Wilson quarks coupled to smeared gauge fields, as used by the Budapest-Marseille-Wuppertal collaboration. Particular attention is given to removal of the effects of excited state contamination by calculation at three source-sink separations and use of the summation and generalized pencil-of-function methods. The combination of calculation at the nearly physical mass $m_π$ = 149 MeV in a large spatial volume ($m_πL_s$ = 4.2) and removal of excited state effects yields agreement with experiment for the electric and magnetic form factors $G_E(Q^2)$ and $G_M(Q^2)$ up to $Q^2$ = 0.5 GeV$^2$.
description: v2: published version; 30 pages, 25 figures, 6 tables
title: Building an organisation for the ecosystem era: Weighing up the Recipe of Haier's Internet of Food
Creators: name: Jacobides, Michael G
name: Albrighton, Tom
name: Chou, Monwei
name:  Duke, Lisa
name: Ma, Dalbert
name: Mittal, Aryan
Publisher: name: London Business School
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: FOS: Economics and business
valueUri: http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf

description: Ecosystems offer a new way to bring multiple firms together in order to deliver new value propositions. By working together, the hub firm and its complementors can create innovative 'product plus service' bundles that span traditionally separate industries to offer an experience that simply wasn't available before. Such experiences can delight customers and give firms a powerful point of differentiation against competitors.
description: LBS Case Code: CCS-22-009
Crosstalk Between the Planar Cell Polarity and Hedgehog Signaling Pathways Influences Satellite Cell Fate
Creators: name: Freeman, Emily
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2019
Subjects: Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
Hedgehog Signaling
Planar Cell Polarity
Satellite Cells

description: Our laboratory has identified two secreted proteins, Wnt7a and Sonic hedgehog (Shh), that regulate satellite cell (SC) fate, during muscle differentiation. While Wnt7a stimulates symmetric SC division through the planar cell polarity (PCP) pathway, Shh activates Myf5 expression in the committed SC following asymmetric division through cilia-mediated Hedgehog (Hh) signaling. Crosstalk between these pathways has been well characterized during development, and is likely to be conserved in muscle regeneration. Indeed, accumulating evidence suggests the PCP pathway influences primary cilia formation, an organelle required for proper Hh signal transduction. Here we show that Wnt7a treatment in primary myoblasts increases the presence of primary cilia. Additionally, using myofiber culture, we demonstrate that Wnt7a increases myogenin (MyoG) expression. Removal of primary cilia through a small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeted towards IFT88 impedes Wnt7a mediated MyoG expression, suggesting crosstalk between the PCP and Hh pathways facilitates muscle differentiation. Furthermore, through siRNA knockdown we have identified the downstream PCP effectors, Inturned and Fuzzy as the main candidates responsible for this crosstalk. Knockdown of either Inturned or Fuzzy impedes Wnt7a-mediated MyoG expression. Taken together our data demonstrates crosstalk between the PCP pathway and Hh signaling regulates the differentiation of SCs.
Spreading processes in Multilayer Networks
Creators: name: Salehi, Mostafa
name: Sharma, Rajesh
name: Marzolla, Moreno
name: Magnani, Matteo
name: Siyari, Payam
name: Montesi, Danilo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Several systems can be modeled as sets of interconnected networks or networks with multiple types of connections, here generally called multilayer networks. Spreading processes such as information propagation among users of an online social networks, or the diffusion of pathogens among individuals through their contact network, are fundamental phenomena occurring in these networks. However, while information diffusion in single networks has received considerable attention from various disciplines for over a decade, spreading processes in multilayer networks is still a young research area presenting many challenging research issues. In this paper we review the main models, results and applications of multilayer spreading processes and discuss some promising research directions.
description: 21 pages, 3 figures, 4 tables
title: Pass the Keys (B)
Creators: name: Mullins, John
Publisher: name: London Business School
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: FOS: Economics and business
valueUri: http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf

description: The past year, 2019, had been an exhilarating one for Alex Lyakhotskiy and his team. Buoyed by a new franchise model that was working well for opening new cities, alongside better execution in some of the company's existing cities, Pass the Keys' growth had accelerated. Happily, it was looking like 2020 would be an even better year.
description: LBS Case Code: CS-21-018
Cytokine level in Patients with Mood Disorder, Alcohol Use Disorder and their Comorbidity
Creators: name: Mednova, Irina A.
name: Levchuk, Lyudmila A.
name: Boiko, Anastasiia S.
name: Roschina, Olga V.
name: Simutkin, German G.
name: Bokhan, Nikolay A.
name: Loonen, Anton J.M.
name: Ivanova, Svetlana A.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Objectives Because alcohol use disorder (AUD) is often accompanied by mood disorder (MD) and both alcoholism and depression result in activation of the immune system, this study compares serum cytokine levels in the presence of co-morbidity with those in either AUD and MD alone. Methods: In this naturalistic prospective study the levels of 15 different cytokines were measured in serum samples of patients with MD (n = 43), participants with combined AUD-MD (n = 44) and AUD without MD (n = 42). The levels were compared cross-sectionally among themselves and with those in 50 healthy volunteers. Results: Pro-inflammatory IFN-2α levels were consistently significantly higher and anti-inflammatory IL-1RA significantly lower in all study groups in comparison to healthy volunteers. In the MD only group we found increased IL-6 (p = 0.001), IL-7 (p = 0.001) and IL-13 (p = 0.006) levels, and decreased TNFα (Р=0.0001), IL-1RA (p = 0.012), IL-10 (p = 0.002) compared with group MD + AUD. Patients with AUD only showed elevated levels of IL-1β (p = 0.046), IL-2 (p = 0.004), IL-7 (p = 0.0001), IL-4 (p = 0.049) and IL-13 (p = 0.015) in contrast with MD + AUD group. Conclusions: Because the interactions of alcohol with peripheral and cerebral immune systems are multifaceted, the pertinent connection to the mechanism how alcohol consumption contributes to the development of mood disorders cannot be properly explored.
title: easyCar (C): Reality Bites Back
Creators: name: Jacobides, Michael
name: Courty, Pascal
Publisher: name: London Business School
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: FOS: Economics and business
valueUri: http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf

description: In 1999, Stelios Haji-Ioannou and the easyGroup management team considered whether European car rental was a business worth entering. They had an enviable track record when it came to picking market opportunities. Could this be their next success? The case describes easyCar's entry into the European car rental market and subsequent development. It is a versatile set of cases, which can be used individually, as pairs, or as a sequence of cases starting, showing the evolution of a venture from its conception to its troubles and reincarnation. It can also be taught by focusing on one or more episodes which illustrate particular aspects the instructor is interested in.This case can be used either to introduce or recap the core elements of strategy, such as market definition, industry analysis, creating new market spaces, new business model analysis, resources and capabilities. It can also help elucidate more advanced topics; i.e., show where the value lies in the value chain and how a firm should decide its positioning and link with other firms in the ecosystem; identify the challenges with planning for growth and how that links with financial strategy; and raise the upsides and downsides of s'˜Peer-to-Peers's (P2P) models, contrasted with more traditional Business-to-Consumer (B2C) models. More importantly, easyCar can be used to help students evaluate a new business model ex ante, including the role of analogies and the promises and risks of extending a firm's capabilities, and considering adaptation when things turn out worse than expected. The case offers an applied perspective on the use of analogies in strategy formation. It highlights the role of indicators of what is or isn't working in the venture, analogical reasoning and extrapolation notwithstanding.
description: LBS Case Code: CS-03-026
Pasture yield responses and nitrogen leaching losses from rolling downland grazed by sheep in the South Island of New Zealand
Creators: name: Morton, Jeff
name: Stevens, David
Publisher: name: AgResearch
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 3004
subject: Crop and pasture production

description: A sheep grazing trial on rolling downland in East Otago was conducted from 2004 to 2007 to measure the effect of increasing rates of nitrogen (N) fertiliser on pasture yield and N leaching losses. For fertiliser rates ranging from 100 to 500 kg N/ha/yr, the efficiency of response averaged 20 kg DM/kg N and increased up to 300 kg N/ha/yr. Pasture yield averaged 12,680 kg DM/ha/yr in the control plots and peaked at 21,000 kg DM/ha/yr at 300 kg N/ha/yr. Clover content was significantly depressed by N use, declining from approximately 15% for the control to 2% when 200 kg N/ha/yr or more was applied. Leaching losses of 8–30 kg N/ha/yr at 100 and 200 kg N/ha/yr measured using mini-lysimeters were only slightly more than the control but increased up to 116 kg N/ha/yr at 500 kg N/ha/yr. The results from this site suggested that up to 100–200 kg N/ha/yr can be applied to produce more pasture on rolling downland grazed by sheep with only a small increase in N leaching losses.