cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Oligoryzomys arenalis
Creators: name: Musser, Guy G.
name: Carleton, Michael D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Muridae
Oligoryzomys
Oligoryzomys arenalis

description: Oligoryzomys arenalis (Thomas, 1913). Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 8, 12:571. TYPE LOCALITY: Peru, Lambayeque Dept., Eten, 10 m. DISTRIBUTION: Arid and semiarid coastal plain of Peru. COMMENTS: Level of relationship to O. fulvescens warrants clarification.
description: Published as part of Guy G. Musser & Michael D. Carleton, 1993, Order Rodentia - Family Muridae, pp. 501-755 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 717, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353098
title: Skyrmionic beams and quantum matched filtering
Creators: name: Gao, Sijia
Publisher: name: University of Glasgow
Year: 2022

description: This thesis is comprised of two parts. In the first part we introduce a new category of structured beams: the paraxial skyrmionic beams. In the second part of this thesis we introduce a quantum algorithm analogous to the classical matched filtering algorithm for gravitational wave data analysis. Structured light refers to the generation and application of a customised light field, including intensity, phase and polarisation. In the first part of this thesis, we demonstrate that a specific class of structured beam possesses a topological property that derives both from the spatially varying amplitude of the field and also from its varying polarization. This type of beam is referred to as a skyrmionic beam. We are interested in skyrmionic beams mainly for three reasons: the mathematical appeal of this structure; the physical significance of this structure to link the spatial and polarisation component of structured beams; and the potential application of this property in modelling beam propagation. There are three important aspects to the skyrmionic nature of paraxial beams: the skyrmion number, the skyrmion field, and the skyrmion vector potential field. In Chapter. 4 we introduce the construction of the skyrmion beams and their associate skyrmion number with two specific examples. In Chapter. 5 we introduce the skyrmion field along with proving that it is divergenceless. We will then proceed to illustrate this property with two examples. Lastly, in Chapter. 6 we introduce the skyrmion vector potential field. Our discussion throught this chapter will revolve around the analogy between this field and the superfluid velocity and accompanied by two examples. In Chapter. 7 we explore the relation between the skyrmionic beams and the more familiar Poincare beams to highlight their di ´ fferences. During the discussion, we introduce another typeof beam similar to the skyrmionic beam, namely the fractional skyrmionic beam, which lacks the topological robustness of its counterpart It is also important to explore the experimental realisation of skyrmionic beams. In particular, collaborating with the Optics group we wish to develop a method to extract the skyrmion number of arbitrary beams through experimental measurements. In Chapter. 8 we propose three candidate methods and discuss their current results and roadblocks, respectively. The second part of thesis will focus on quantum algorithms. We propose a quantum algorithm analogous to the classical matched filter algorithm in Chapter. 11. Comparing with its classical counterpart, our algorithm provides a square-root speed-up, which would make possible otherwise intractable searches. We will also demonstrate both a proof-of-principle quantum circuit implementation, and a simulation of the algorithm’s application to the detection of the first gravitational wave signal GW150914 as well as a discussion on the time complexity and space requirements.
Nonperturbative Ambiguities and the Reality of Resurgent Transseries
Creators: name: Aniceto, Inês
name: Schiappa, Ricardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In a wide range of quantum theoretical settings -- from quantum mechanics to quantum field theory, from gauge theory to string theory -- singularities in the complex Borel plane, usually associated to instantons or renormalons, render perturbation theory ill-defined as they give rise to nonperturbative ambiguities. These ambiguities are associated to choices of an integration contour in the resummation of perturbation theory, along (singular) Stokes directions in the complex Borel plane (rendering perturbative expansions non-Borel summable along any Stokes line). More recently, it has been shown that the proper framework to address these issues is that of resurgent analysis and transseries. In this context, the cancelation of all nonperturbative ambiguities is shown to be a consequence of choosing the transseries median resummation as the appropriate family of unambiguous real solutions along the coupling-constant real axis. While the median resummation is easily implemented for one-parameter transseries, once one considers more general multi-parameter transseries the procedure becomes highly dependent upon properly understanding Stokes transitions in the complex Borel plane. In particular, all Stokes coefficients must now be known in order to explicitly implement multi-parameter median resummations. In the cases where quantum-theoretical physical observables are described by resurgent functions and transseries, the methods described herein show how one may cancel nonperturbative ambiguities, and define these observables nonperturbatively starting out from perturbation theory. Along the way, structural results concerning resurgent transseries are also obtained.
description: 62 pages, 4 figures; v2: corrected typos, added small discussion on topological sectors, two new figures
Mean field theory of competing orders in metals with antiferromagnetic exchange interactions
Creators: name: Sau, Jay Deep
name: Sachdev, Subir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has long been known that two-dimensional metals with antiferromagnetic exchange interactions have a weak-coupling instability to the superconductivity of spin-singlet, d-wave electron pairs. We examine additional possible instabilities in the spin-singlet particle-hole channel, and study their interplay with superconductivity. We perform an unrestricted Hartree-Fock-BCS analysis of bond order parameters in a single band model on the square lattice with nearest-neighbor exchange and repulsion, while neglecting on-site interactions. The dominant particle-hole instability is found to be an incommensurate, bi-directional, bond density wave with wavevectors along the (1,1) and (1,-1) directions, and an internal d-wave symmetry. The magnitude of the ordering wavevector is close to the separation between points on the Fermi surface which intersect the antiferromagnetic Brillouin zone boundary. The temperature dependence of the superconducting and bond order parameters demonstrates their mutual competition. We also obtain the spatial dependence of the two orders in a vortex lattice induced by an applied magnetic field: "halos" of the bond order appear around the cores of the vortices.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures; (v2) added refs
New magnetic real time shape control for MAST
Creators: name: Pangione, L
name: McArdle, G
name: Storrs, J
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The MAST (Mega Ampere Spherical Tokamak) real time plasma position controller is based on an optical linear camera placed on the mid plane of the vessel. This solution has the advantage of being a direct observation of the D [alpha]emissions coming from the interaction between the boundary of the plasma and neutral gas, but, on the other hand, it restricts the control to the outer radius of the plasma only. A complete chain of tools has been set up to implement, test and simulate a new real time magnetic plasma shape controller based on the rtEFIT code. The complete working path consists of three elements: a linear static relationship between control parameters and current demands, a linear state space model needed to represent the plasma dynamic response in closed loop simulations, and the possibility to run simulations inside the Plasma Control System (PCS). The linear relationship has been calculated using the FIESTA code, which is developed using Matlab at CCFE. The linear state space model was generated using the CREATE-L code developed by the CREATE Consortium. It has already been successfully used to model JET, FTU and TCV tokamaks. Using this working path many simulations have been carried out allowing fine tuning of the control gains before the real experiment. The simulation testing includes the plasma shape control law as implemented in PCS itself, so intensive debugging has been possible prior to operation. Successful control using rtEFIT was established in the second dedicated experiment during the MAST 2011-12 campaign. This work is a stepping stone towards divertor control which is ultimately intended for application to the super-X divertor in the MAST Upgrade experiment.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
The Stellar Number Density Distribution in the Local Solar Neighborhood is North-South Asymmetric
Creators: name: Yanny, Brian
name: Gardner, Susan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the number density distribution of a sample of K and M dwarf stars, matched North and South of the Galactic plane within a distance of 2 kpc from the sun, using observations from the Ninth Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. We determine distances using the photometric parallax method, and in this context systematic effects exist which could potentially impact the determination of the number density profile with height from the Galactic plane --- and ultimately affect a number density North-South asymmetry. They include: (i) the calibration of the various photometric parallax relations, (ii) the ability to separate dwarfs from giants in our sample, (iii) the role of stellar population differences such as age and metallicity, (iv) the ability to determine the offset of the sun from the Galactic plane, and (v) the correction for reddening from dust in the Galactic plane, though our stars are at high Galactic latitudes. We find the various analyzed systematic effects to have a negligible impact on our observed asymmetry, and using a new and larger sample of stars we confirm and refine the earlier discovery of Widrow et al. of a significant Galactic North-South asymmetry in the stellar number density distribution.
description: 23 pages, 25 figures, update to match Journal version: 2013 ApJ 777, 91
Oligoryzomys chacoensis
Creators: name: Musser, Guy G.
name: Carleton, Michael D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Muridae
Oligoryzomys
Oligoryzomys chacoensis

description: Oligoryzomys chacoensis (Myers and Carleton, 1981). Mise. Pubi. Mus. Zool., Univ. Michigan, 161: 19. TYPE LOCALITY: Paraguay, Boqueron Dept., km 419 along Trans Chaco Hwy, northwest of Villa Hayes. DISTRIBUTION: Dryer habitats of W Paraguay, SE Bolivia, WC Brazil, and N Argentina. May be more broadly distributed in cerrado and caatinga habitats in SE Brazil. COMMENTS: Karyotype reported by Myers and Carleton (1981); morphometric variation by Myers and Carleton (1981) and Olds and Anderson (1987). Status with regard to O. andinus unresolved.
description: Published as part of Guy G. Musser & Michael D. Carleton, 1993, Order Rodentia - Family Muridae, pp. 501-755 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 717, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353098
description: {"references": ["Myers, P., and M. D. Carleton. 1981. The species of Oryzomys (Oligoryzomys) in Paraguay and the identity of Azara's \" Rat sixieme ou rat a tarse noir \". Miscellaneous Publications, Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan, 161: 1 - 41.", "Anderson, S., T. L. Yates, and J. A. Cook. 1987. Notes on Bolivian Mammals 4: The genus Ctenomys (Rodentia, Ctenomyidae) in the eastern lowlands. American Museum Novitates, 2891: 1 - 20."]}
Oligoryzomys delticola
Creators: name: Musser, Guy G.
name: Carleton, Michael D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Muridae
Oligoryzomys
Oligoryzomys delticola

description: Oligoryzomys delticola (Thomas, 1917). Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 8, 20:96. TYPE LOCALITY: Argentina, Buenos Aires Prov., Delta del Parana, Isla Ella, 1 m. DISTRIBUTION: EC Argentina, Uruguay, and S Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul).
description: Published as part of Guy G. Musser & Michael D. Carleton, 1993, Order Rodentia - Family Muridae, pp. 501-755 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 717, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353098
Radial profile of bottom quarks in jets in high-energy nuclear collisions
Creators: name: Wang, Sa
name: Dai, Wei
name: Zhang, Ben-Wei
name: Wang, Enke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Angular correlations between heavy quark (HQ) and its tagged jet are potentially new tools to gain insight into the in-medium partonic interactions in relativistic heavy-ion collisions. In this work, we present the first theoretical study on the radial profiles of B mesons in jets in Pb+Pb collisions at the LHC. The initial production of bottom quark tagged jet in p+p is computed by SHERPA which matches the next-to-leading order matrix elements with contributions of parton shower, whereas the massive quark traversing the QGP described by a Monte Carlo model SHELL which can simultaneously simulate light and heavy flavor in-medium energy loss within the framework of Langevin evolution. In p+p collisions, we find that at lower $p_T^Q$ the radial profiles of heavy flavors in jets are sensitive to the heavy quark mass. In $0-10\%$ Pb+Pb collisions at $\rm \sqrt{s_{NN}}=5.02$ TeV, we observe an inverse modification pattern of the B mesons radial profiles in jets at $\rm 4 20$ GeV region naturally has a narrower initial distribution and consequently leads to a narrower modification pattern of radial profile; however the diffusion nature of the heavy flavor in-medium interactions will give rise to a broader modification pattern of radial profile. These two effects consequently compete and offset with each other, and the b quarks in jets benefit more from the former and suffers less diffusion effect compared to that of c quarks in jets. These findings can be tested in the future experimental measurements at the LHC to gain better understanding of the mass effect of jet quenching.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures, a typo corrected
Changing Data Sources in the Age of Machine Learning for Official Statistics
Creators: name: De Boom, Cedric
name: Reusens, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Data science has become increasingly essential for the production of official statistics, as it enables the automated collection, processing, and analysis of large amounts of data. With such data science practices in place, it enables more timely, more insightful and more flexible reporting. However, the quality and integrity of data-science-driven statistics rely on the accuracy and reliability of the data sources and the machine learning techniques that support them. In particular, changes in data sources are inevitable to occur and pose significant risks that are crucial to address in the context of machine learning for official statistics. This paper gives an overview of the main risks, liabilities, and uncertainties associated with changing data sources in the context of machine learning for official statistics. We provide a checklist of the most prevalent origins and causes of changing data sources; not only on a technical level but also regarding ownership, ethics, regulation, and public perception. Next, we highlight the repercussions of changing data sources on statistical reporting. These include technical effects such as concept drift, bias, availability, validity, accuracy and completeness, but also the neutrality and potential discontinuation of the statistical offering. We offer a few important precautionary measures, such as enhancing robustness in both data sourcing and statistical techniques, and thorough monitoring. In doing so, machine learning-based official statistics can maintain integrity, reliability, consistency, and relevance in policy-making, decision-making, and public discourse.
description: Presented at UNECE Machine Learning for Official Statistics Workshop 2023
Framed duality and mirror symmetry for toric complete intersections
Creators: name: Rossi, Michele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14J33, 14M25

description: This paper is devoted to systematically extend $f$-mirror symmetry between families of hypersurfaces in complete toric varieties, as introduced in \cite{R-fTV}, to families of complete intersections subvarieties. Namely, $f$-mirror symmetry is induced by framed duality of framed toric varieties extending Batyrev-Borisov polar duality between Fano toric varieties. Framed duality has been defined and essentially well described for families of hypersurfaces in toric varieties in the previous \cite{R-fTV}. Here it is developed for families of complete intersections, allowing us to strengthening some previous results on hypersurfaces. In particular, the class of projective complete intersections and their mirror partners are studied in detail. Moreover, a (generalized) Landau-Ginzburg/Complete-Intersection correspondence is discussed, extending to the complete intersection setup the LG/CY correspondence firstly studied Chiodo-Ruan and Krawitz.
description: v4: Abstract and Introduction modified and some other minor modifications, according with the Referee's report. Final version to be published in the Journal of Geometry and Physics; 57 pages
The Rokhlin dimension of topological Z^m-actions
Creators: name: Szabo, Gabor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 54H20, 46L35

description: We study the topological variant of Rokhlin dimension for topological dynamical systems (X,α,Z^m) in the case where X is assumed to have finite covering dimension. Finite Rokhlin dimension in this sense is a property that implies finite Rokhlin dimension of the induced action on C*-algebraic level, as was discussed in a recent paper by Ilan Hirshberg, Wilhelm Winter and Joachim Zacharias. In particular, it implies under these conditions that the transformation group C*-algebra has finite nuclear dimension. Generalizing a result of Yonatan Gutman, we show that free Z^m-actions on finite dimensional spaces satisfy a strengthened version of the so-called marker property, which yields finite Rokhlin dimension for said actions.
description: 27 pages; with minor corrections in some proofs
Oligoryzomys destructor
Creators: name: Musser, Guy G.
name: Carleton, Michael D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Muridae
Oligoryzomys
Oligoryzomys destructor

description: Oligoryzomys destructor (Tschudi, 1844). Fauna Peruana, 1:182. TYPE LOCALITY: E Peru. DISTRIBUTION: Andes of S Colombia, through Ecuador and Peru, to WC Bolivia. SYNONYMS: maranonicus, melanostoma, spodiurus, stolzmanni. COMMENTS: Karyotype reported by Gardner and Patton (1976) as Oryzomys longicaudatus variant (4). As discussed by Hershkovitz (1940:81), Tschudi's specimens may have originated from haciendas along the Rio Chinchao, Huanuco Dept., Peru, 900-1000 m.
description: Published as part of Guy G. Musser & Michael D. Carleton, 1993, Order Rodentia - Family Muridae, pp. 501-755 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 717, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353098
description: {"references": ["Gardner, A. L., and J. L. Patton. 1976. Karyotypic variation in oryzomyine rodents (Cricetinae) with comments on chromosomal evolution in the Neotropical cricetine complex. Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology, Louisiana State University, 49: 1 - 48.", "Hershkovitz, P. 1940. Four new oryzomyine rodents from Ecuador. Journal of Mammalogy, 21: 78 - 84."]}
Matroid-Constrained Vertex Cover
Creators: name: Huang, Chien-Chung
name: Sellier, François
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we introduce the problem of Matroid-Constrained Vertex Cover: given a graph with weights on the edges and a matroid imposed on the vertices, our problem is to choose a subset of vertices that is independent in the matroid, with the objective of maximizing the total weight of covered edges. This problem is a generalization of the much studied max $k$-vertex cover problem, in which the matroid is the simple uniform matroid, and it is also a special case of the problem of maximizing a monotone submodular function under a matroid constraint. First, we give a Fixed-Parameter Tractable Approximation Scheme (FPT-AS) when the given matroid is a partition matroid, a laminar matroid, or a transversal matroid. Precisely, if $k$ is the rank of the matroid, we obtain $(1 - \varepsilon)$ approximation using $(1/\varepsilon)^{O(k)}n^{O(1)}$ time for partition and laminar matroids and using $(1/\varepsilon+k)^{O(k)}n^{O(1)}$ time for transversal matroids. This extends a result of Manurangsi for uniform matroids [Manurangsi, 2018]. We also show that these ideas can be applied in the context of (single-pass) streaming algorithms. Besides, our FPT-AS introduces a new technique based on matroid union, which may be of independent interest in extremal combinatorics. In the second part, we consider general matroids. We propose a simple local search algorithm that guarantees $2/3 \approx 0.66$ approximation. For the more general problem where two matroids are imposed on the vertices and a feasible solution must be a common independent set, we show that a local search algorithm gives a $2/3 \cdot (1 - 1/(p+1))$ approximation in $n^{O(p)}$ time, for any integer $p$. We also provide some evidence to show that with the constraint of one or two matroids, the approximation ratio of $2/3$ is likely the best possible, using the currently known techniques of local search.
ANTARES Deep Sea Neutrino Telescope Results
Creators: name: Mangano, Salvatore
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ANTARES experiment is currently the largest underwater neutrino telescope in the Northern Hemisphere. It is taking high quality data since 2007. Its main scientific goal is to search for high energy neutrinos that are expected from the acceleration of cosmic rays from astrophysical sources. This contribution reviews the status of the detector and presents several analyses carried out on atmospheric muons and neutrinos. For example it shows the results from the measurement of atmospheric muon neutrino spectrum and of atmospheric neutrino oscillation parameters as well as searches for neutrinos from steady cosmic point-like sources, for neutrinos from gamma ray bursts and for relativistic magnetic monopoles.
description: 8 pages, 12 figures. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1305.4502
Study of Isothermal Compressibility and Speed of Sound in the Hadronic Matter Formed in Heavy-Ion Collision using Unified Formalism
Creators: name: Jain, Shubahngi
name: Gupta, Rohit
name: Jena, Satyajit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The thermodynamical quantities and response functions are useful to describe the particle production in heavy-ion collisions as they reveal crucial information about the produced system. While the study of isothermal compressibility provides an inference about the viscosity of the medium, speed of sound helps in understanding the equation of state. With an aim towards understanding the system produced in the heavy-ion collision, we have made an attempt to study isothermal compressibility and speed of sound as function of charged particle multiplicity in heavy-ion collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = $2.76$ TeV, $5.02$ TeV, and $5.44$ TeV using unified formalism.
title: Rescue Operations Lead to Increased Cardiovascular Stress in HEMS Crew Members: A Prospective Pilot Study of a German HEMS Cohort
Creators: name: Strauß, Markus
name: Dahmen, Janosch
name: Hutter, Sophia
name: Brade, Marko
name: Leischik, Roman
Publisher: name: University of Muenster, Institutional Repository MIAMI
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 610 Medicine and health

description: Helicopter emergency medical service (HEMS) is an essential part of prehospital emergency medicine. The working conditions lead to high physical stress, especially in rescue operations. The study aimed to determine the cardiovascular stress profile during rescue situations in HEMS crew members. Twenty-one HEMS crew members (male n = 20) participated in the prospective study. Heart rate, blood pressure and long-term ECG measurements were recorded during the whole operation day. The changes of measurements during rescue operation (52 operations in total) were compared to these of standby time. Rescue operations lead to increased load on the cardiovascular system, as expressed by significantly higher blood pressure, heart rate values and rate of cardiac events compared to standby time. Of special note, the difference in systolic blood pressure mean was 7.4 ± 9.0 mmHg (CI [5.1; 9.7], p < 0.001). Maximal heart rate was on average 33.7 bpm higher during rescue operation than in the standby time (CI [26.2; 40.8], p < 0.001). Cardiac events occurred significantly more frequently during the period of rescue operation than in standby time hours (p = 0.02). The results reported a significant load on the cardiovascular system during rescue operations in HEMS crew members. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out a risk stratification of the HEMS crew members to prevent cardiovascular risk and events.
description: Finanziert durch den Open-Access-Publikationsfonds der Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität Münster (WWU Münster).
Decay rates of Gaussian-type I-balls and Bose-enhancement effects in 3+1 dimensions
Creators: name: Kawasaki, Masahiro
name: Yamada, Masaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I-balls/oscillons are long-lived spatially localized lumps of a scalar field which may be formed after inflation. In the scalar field theory with monomial potential nearly and shallower than quadratic, which is motivated by chaotic inflationary models and supersymmetric theories, the scalar field configuration of I-balls is approximately Gaussian. If the I-ball interacts with another scalar field, the I-ball eventually decays into radiation. Recently, it was pointed out that the decay rate of I-balls increases exponentially by the effects of Bose enhancement under some conditions and a non-perturbative method to compute the exponential growth rate has been derived. In this paper, we apply the method to the Gaussian-type I-ball in 3+1 dimensions assuming spherical symmetry, and calculate the partial decay rates into partial waves, labelled by the angular momentum of daughter particles. We reveal the conditions that the I-ball decays exponentially, which are found to depend on the mass and angular momentum of daughter particles and also be affected by the quantum uncertainty in the momentum of daughter particles.
description: v1: 20 pages, 5 figures; v2: 22 pages, 5 figures, relation to previous work clarified, motivation extended, results unchanged, version accepted for publication in JCAP
A Tunable Model for Graph Generation Using LSTM and Conditional VAE
Creators: name: Nakazawa, Shohei
name: Sato, Yoshiki
name: Nakagawa, Kenji
name: Tsugawa, Sho
name: Watabe, Kohei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: With the development of graph applications, generative models for graphs have been more crucial. Classically, stochastic models that generate graphs with a pre-defined probability of edges and nodes have been studied. Recently, some models that reproduce the structural features of graphs by learning from actual graph data using machine learning have been studied. However, in these conventional studies based on machine learning, structural features of graphs can be learned from data, but it is not possible to tune features and generate graphs with specific features. In this paper, we propose a generative model that can tune specific features, while learning structural features of a graph from data. With a dataset of graphs with various features generated by a stochastic model, we confirm that our model can generate a graph with specific features.
description: Accepted in Proceedings of the 41st IEEE International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems (ICDCS 2021) Poster Track, Online , 2021. 2 pages, 3 pdf figures
Language differentiation using AAC (King et al., 2020)
Creators: name: King, Marika R.
name: Romski, MaryAnn
name: Sevcik, Rose A.
Publisher: name: ASHA journals
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Language
subject: 200102 Communication Technology and Digital Media Studies
subject: FOS: Media and communications

description: Purpose: Children with severe speech and language impairments growing up in dual language environments may communicate in more than one language using augmentative and alternative communication (AAC). This study investigated predictors of bilingual children’s ability to differentiate between Spanish and English using an AAC iPad app during a cued language-switching task and examined whether switching between languages using AAC incurred a cognitive cost.Method: Participants were 58 Spanish–English bilingual children ages 4;0–6;11 (years;months; 23 with language impairments). Children received standardized language and cognitive assessments and completed an experimental language-switching task in which they were asked to differentiate between languages using an AAC iPad app containing English and Spanish vocabulary layouts paired with voice output.Results: Results of a binary logistic regression indicated that, when controlling for age, processing speed significantly predicted whether children were classified as high or low performers on the experimental task. Nonparametric tests indicated that switching between languages did not incur a cognitive cost as evidenced by similar response times on trials where participants were required to switch between languages compared to trials where they did not switch.Conclusion: This study contributes to the understanding of how young bilingual children with and without language impairments conceptualize and discriminate between languages represented in a visual–graphic modality paired with speech output.
Supplemental Material S1. English and Spanish vocabulary items used in the experimental task.
Supplemental Material S2. Screenshots of the AAC device displays containing sample vocabulary layouts in Spanish and English.
Supplemental Material S3. Example target words, set up, and prompts for the experimental task.
King, M. R., Romski, M., & Sevcik, R. A. (2020). Language differentiation using augmentative and alternative communication: An investigation of Spanish–English bilingual children with and without language impairments. American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1044/2020_AJSLP-20-00030
Rotational spectroscopy of interstellar PAHs
Creators: name: Ali-Haïmoud, Yacine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are believed to be ubiquitous in the interstellar medium. Yet, to date no specific PAH molecule has been identified. In this paper, a new observational avenue is suggested to detect individual PAHs, using their rotational line emission at radio frequencies. Previous PAH searches based on rotational spectroscopy have only targeted the bowl-shaped corannulene molecule, with the underlying assumption that other polar PAHs are triaxial and have a complex and diluted spectrum unusable for identification purposes. In this paper the rotational spectrum of quasi-symmetric PAHs is computed analytically. It is shown that the asymmetry of planar, nitrogen-substituted symmetric PAHs is small enough that their rotational spectrum, when observed with a resolution of about a MHz, has the appearance of a "comb" of evenly spaced stacks of lines. The simple pattern of these "comb" spectra allows for the use of matched-filtering techniques, which can result in a significantly enhanced signal-to-noise ratio. Detection forecasts are discussed for regions harbouring "anomalous microwave emission", believed to originate from the collective PAH rotational emission. A systematic search for PAH lines in various environments is advocated. If detected, PAH "combs" would allow to the conclusive and unambiguous identification of specific, free-floating interstellar PAHs.
description: Version accepted for publication in MNRAS, after minor revisions
Global weak solutions for compressible Navier-Stokes-Vlasov-Fokker-Planck system
Creators: name: Li, Hai-Liang
name: Shou, Ling-Yun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35Q30, 35Q84, 82C40

description: The one-dimensional compressible Navier-Stokes-Vlasov-Fokker-Planck system with density-dependent viscosity and drag force coefficients is investigated in the present paper. The existence, uniqueness, and regularity of global weak solution to the initial value problem for general initial data are established in spatial periodic domain. Moreover, the long time behavior of the weak solution is analyzed. It is shown that as the time grows, the distribution function of the particles converges to the global Maxwellian, and both the fluid velocity and the macroscopic velocity of the particles converge to the same speed.
description: 42 pages
Dipoles on a Two-leg Ladder
Creators: name: Gammelmark, Søren
name: Zinner, Nikolaj Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study polar molecules with long-range dipole-dipole interactions confined to move on a two-leg ladder for different orientations of the molecular dipole moments with respect to the ladder. Matrix product states are employed to calculate the many-body ground state of the system as function of lattice filling fractions, perpendicular hopping between the legs, and dipole interaction strength. We show that the system exhibits zig-zag ordering when the dipolar interactions are predominantly repulsive. As a function of dipole moment orientation with respect to the ladder, we find that there is a critical angle at which ordering disappears. This angle is slightly larger than the angle at which the dipoles are non-interacting along a single leg. This behavior should be observable using current experimental techniques.
description: 10 pages, 10 figures, published version
X-rays from the redshift 7.1 quasar ULAS J1120+0641
Creators: name: Page, M. J.
name: Simpson, C.
name: Mortlock, D. J.
name: Warren, S. J.
name: Hewett, P. C.
name: Venemans, B. P.
name: McMahon, R. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present X-ray imaging and spectroscopy of the redshift z=7.084 radio-quiet quasar ULAS J112001.48+064124.3 obtained with Chandra and XMM-Newton. The quasar is detected as a point source with both observatories. The Chandra observation provides a precise position, confirming the association of the X-ray source and the quasar, while a sufficient number of photons is detected in the XMM-Newton observation to yield a meaningful X-ray spectrum. In the XMM-Newton observation the quasar has a 2-10 keV luminosity of 4.7+-0.9 times 10^44 erg/s and a spectral slope alpha = 1.6+0.4/-0.3 (where f_nu is proportional to nu^-alpha). The quasar appears to have dimmed in the 15 months between the two observations, with a 2-10 keV luminosity of $1.8+1.0/-0.7 times 10^45 erg/s during the Chandra observation. We derive optical to X-ray spectral slopes alpha_OX of 1.76+-0.07 and 1.54+0.09/-0.08 at the times of the XMM-Newton and Chandra observations respectively, consistent with the range of alpha_OX found in other quasars of comparable ultraviolet luminosity. The very soft X-ray spectrum suggests that the quasar is accreting above the Eddington rate, L/L_Edd = 5+15/-4, compared to L/L_Edd = 1.2+0.6/-0.5 derived from the rest-frame ultraviolet. Super-Eddington accretion would help to reduce the discrepancy between the age of the quasar implied by the small size of the ionized near zone in which it sits (<10^7 years), and the characteristic e-folding time (2.5 times 10^7 years if L/L_Edd=2). Such super-Eddington accretion would also alleviate the challenging constraints on the seed black hole mass provided that the quasar has been rapidly accreting throughout its history. The remnant of an individual population III star is a plausible progenitor if an average L/L_Edd>1.46 has been maintained over the quasar's lifetime.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS Letters
The Quark-Level Linear σ Model
Creators: name: Scadron, Michael D.
name: Rupp, George
name: Delbourgo, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This review of the quark-level linear σmodel is based upon the dynamical realization of the pseudoscalar and scalar mesons as a linear representation of SU(2) x SU(2) chiral symmetry, with the symmetry weakly broken by current quark masses. In its simplest SU(2) incarnation, with two non-strange quark flavors and three colors, this nonperturbative theory, which can be selfconsistently bootstrapped in loop order, is shown to accurately reproduce a host of low-energy observables with only one parameter, namely the pion decay constant f_π. Extending the scheme to SU(3) by including the strange quark, equally good results are obtained for many strong, electromagnetic, and weak processes just with two extra constants, viz. f_K and $\langleπ|H_{\mbox{\scriptsize weak}}|K\rangle$. Links are made with the vector-meson-dominance model, the BCS theory of superconductivity, and chiral-symmetry restoration at high temperature. Finally, these ideas are cautiously generalized to the electroweak sector, including the W, Z, and Higgs bosons, and also to CP violation.
description: Review, 34 pages, 14 figures with 24 graphs, 1 table, version accepted for publication in Fortschritte der Physik; v2: typos and 3 references corrected, Ref. [175] updated
Statistical Genetics in and out of Quasi-Linkage Equilibrium (Extended)
Creators: name: Dichio, Vito
name: Zeng, Hong-Li
name: Aurell, Erik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This review is about statistical genetics, an interdisciplinary topic between statistical physics and population biology. The focus is on the phase of quasi-linkage equilibrium (QLE). Our goals here are to clarify under which conditions the QLE phase can be expected to hold in population biology and how the stability of the QLE phase is lost. The QLE state, which has many similarities to a thermal equilibrium state in statistical mechanics, was discovered by M Kimura for a two-locus two-allele model, and was extended and generalized to the global genome scale by (Neher and Shraiman, 2011). What we will refer to as the Kimura-Neher-Shraiman (KNS) theory describes a population evolving due to the mutations, recombination, natural selection and possibly genetic drift. A QLE phase exists at sufficiently high recombination rate and/or mutation rates with respect to selection strength. We show how in QLE it is possible to infer the epistatic parameters of the fitness function from the knowledge of the (dynamical) distribution of genotypes in a population. We further consider the breakdown of the QLE regime for high enough selection strength. We review recent results for the selection-mutation and selection-recombination dynamics. Finally, we identify and characterize a new phase which we call the non-random coexistence (NRC) where variability persists in the population without either fixating or disappearing.
description: 58 pages, 13 figures
Composing and Factoring Generalized Green's Operators and Ordinary Boundary Problems
Creators: name: Korporal, Anja
name: Regensburger, Georg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Symbolic Computation (cs.SC)
subject: Mathematical Software (cs.MS)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 68W30 (Primary), 34B05, 15A09 (Secondary)

description: We consider solution operators of linear ordinary boundary problems with "too many" boundary conditions, which are not always solvable. These generalized Green's operators are a certain kind of generalized inverses of differential operators. We answer the question when the product of two generalized Green's operators is again a generalized Green's operator for the product of the corresponding differential operators and which boundary problem it solves. Moreover, we show that---provided a factorization of the underlying differential operator---a generalized boundary problem can be factored into lower order problems corresponding to a factorization of the respective Green's operators. We illustrate our results by examples using the Maple package IntDiffOp, where the presented algorithms are implemented.
description: 19 pages
Oligoryzomys eliurus
Creators: name: Musser, Guy G.
name: Carleton, Michael D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Muridae
Oligoryzomys
Oligoryzomys eliurus

description: Oligoryzomys eliurus (Wagner, 1845). Arch. Naturgesch., 11:147. TYPE LOCALITY: Brazil, São Paulo, Ytarare. DISTRIBUTION: C and SE Brazil. SYNONYMS: pygmaeus, utiaritensis. COMMENTS: Perhaps conspecific with O. nigripes (see Myers and Carleton, 1981).
description: Published as part of Guy G. Musser & Michael D. Carleton, 1993, Order Rodentia - Family Muridae, pp. 501-755 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 717, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353098
description: {"references": ["Myers, P., and M. D. Carleton. 1981. The species of Oryzomys (Oligoryzomys) in Paraguay and the identity of Azara's \" Rat sixieme ou rat a tarse noir \". Miscellaneous Publications, Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan, 161: 1 - 41."]}
Robust and Efficient Fault Diagnosis of mm-Wave Active Phased Arrays using Baseband Signal
Creators: name: Nielsen, Martin H.
name: Zhang, Yufeng
name: Xue, Changbin
name: Ren, Jian
name: Yin, Yingzeng
name: Shen, Ming
name: Pedersen, Gert F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: One key communication block in 5G and 6G radios is the active phased array (APA). To ensure reliable operation, efficient and timely fault diagnosis of APAs on-site is crucial. To date, fault diagnosis has relied on measurement of frequency domain radiation patterns using costly equipment and multiple strictly controlled measurement probes, which are time-consuming, complex, and therefore infeasible for on-site deployment. This paper proposes a novel method exploiting a Deep Neural Network (DNN) tailored to extract the features hidden in the baseband in-phase and quadrature signals for classifying the different faults. It requires only a single probe in one measurement point for fast and accurate diagnosis of the faulty elements and components in APAs. Validation of the proposed method is done using a commercial 28 GHz APA. Accuracies of 99% and 80% have been demonstrated for single- and multi-element failure detection, respectively. Three different test scenarios are investigated: on-off antenna elements, phase variations, and magnitude attenuation variations. In a low signal to noise ratio of 4 dB, stable fault detection accuracy above 90% is maintained. This is all achieved with a detection time of milliseconds (e.g 6~ms), showing a high potential for on-site deployment.
description: 10 pages
Functional, Durable, and Scalable Origami-Inspired Springs
Creators: name: Khazaaleh, Shadi
name: Masana, Ravindra
name: Daqaq, Mohammed F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Origami has recently emerged as a platform for building functional engineering systems with versatile characteristics that targeted niche applications. One widely utilized origami-based structure is known as the Kresling origami spring (KOS), which inspired, among many other things, the design of vibration isolators, fluidic muscles, and mechanical bit memory switches. Previous demonstrations of such concepts were carried out using paper-based KOSs, which are suitable for conceptual illustrations but not for implementation in a real environment. In addition to the very low durability resulting from the high plastic deformations at the paper folds; lack of repeatability, and high variation of performance among similar samples are also inevitable. To circumvent these issues, this paper presents a novel approach for the design of a non-paper based KOS, which mimics the qualitative behavior of the paper-based KOS without compromising on durability, repeatability, and functionality. In the new design, each fundamental triangle in the paper-based KOS is replaced by an inner central rigid core and an outer flexible rubber-like frame, which are fabricated out of different visco-elastic materials using advanced 3-D printing technologies. The quasi-static behavior of the fabricated springs was assessed under both compressive and tensile loads. It is shown that KOSs with linear, softening, hardening, mono- and bi-stable restoring force behavior can be fabricated using the proposed design by simple changes to the geometric design parameters, further pointing to the vast range of potential applications of such springs.
description: 24 pages, 22 figures