cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Influences on and trends in state environmental agency spending
Creators: name: Blauvelt, Robert P.
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2018

description: This analysis explores how state environmental agency expenditures have changed between 2000 and 2014 and if there is a pattern or set of factors that are associated with or may be influencing these changes. Findings are supplemented by interviews with selected state environmental agency representatives. After an initial bivariate correlation, seven independent variable data sets were selected for more in depth analysis on their potential influence on environmental agency funding levels: population, per capita income, total state expenditures, gross state product, educational attainment, number of environmental agency (full-time equivalent or FTE) employees, and government ideology. State environmental agency expenditures between 2009 and 2014, adjusted to 2014 dollars, were chosen as the dependent variable for regression analysis. On a national level, the independent variable data sets most commonly correlated with state environmental expenditures are gross state product, government ideology, per capita environmental agency FTEs, and educational attainment. Possible explanations for these associations are provided. Correlations among these independent variables and individual state environmental spending levels also are described. Supplementing the statistical analysis, a representative from each state environmental agency was asked to describe the factors that they perceive exert a direct, real-time influence on budgets and staffing levels. Nine state agencies agreed to participate in the survey. Respondents confirm that program responsibilities related to climate change, expanded development of natural resources, or federal mandates have increased substantially. Agency budgets and staffing levels continue to decline and a common sentiment is that state environmental agencies are victims of their own success with funding level increases occurring only as a result of a local environmental need or catastrophe. In addition, even though local environmental quality has improved significantly, most of those interviewed cite a lack of trust as to environmental agency motives by their constituents. The relationships defined by these correlations are not purely technical or administrative, rather they may echo state constituencies political or social priorities. A deeper understanding of the forces influencing state environmental spending would provide policy makers with an increased insight into the values of their electorates.
Twistor fibers in hypersurfaces of the flag threefold
Creators: name: Altavilla, Amedeo
name: Ballico, Edoardo
name: Brambilla, Maria Chiara
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 32L25, 14M15 (Primary), 14D21, 14J26 (Secondary)

description: We study surfaces of bidegree (1,d) contained in the flag threefold in relation to the twistor projection. In particular, we focus on the number and the arrangement of twistor fibers contained in such surfaces. First, we prove that there is no irreducible surface of bidegree (1,d) containing d+2 twistor fibers in general position. On the other hand, given any collection of (d+1) twistor fibers satisfying a mild natural constraint, we prove the existence of a surface of bidegree (1,d) that contains them. We improve our results for d=2 or d=3, by removing all the generality hypotheses.
description: 1 figure. Title, abstract and introduction updated. Published on New York Journal of Mathematics: https://nyjm.albany.edu/j/2023/29-45.html
Optimal quantum control of multi-mode couplings between trapped ion qubits for scalable entanglement
Creators: name: Choi, T.
name: Debnath, S.
name: Manning, T. A.
name: Figgatt, C.
name: Gong, Z. -X.
name: Duan, L. -M.
name: Monroe, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate high fidelity entangling quantum gates within a chain of five trapped ion qubits by optimally shaping optical fields that couple to multiple collective modes of motion. We individually address qubits with segmented optical pulses to construct multipartite entangled states in a programmable way. This approach enables both high fidelity and fast quantum gates that can be scaled to larger qubit registers for quantum computation and simulation.
Impacts of prescribed fire on water use efficiency and photosynthetic capacity in upland pine and oak forests
Creators: name: Carlo, Nicholas J.
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2014

description: A comparative analysis of the impacts of prescribed fire on an oak/pine and two pine dominated forest in the Northeastern US was conducted. Effects of prescribed fire on water use and photosynthetic capacity of overstory pines were estimated by sap-flux rates and photosynthetic measurements on Pinus rigida Mill. Study sites had two sap-flux plots, one experiencing prescribed fire and one control plot. Data were collected between 2011-2013. Control and burned plots were compared both before and after the fires. We found that photosynthetic capacity in terms of Rubisco-limited carboxylation rate (VCmax), carboxylation efficiency, and intrinsic water use efficiency were significantly greater in the burned vs. the control plot post-fire, while instantaneous internal to external CO2 concentration was significantly lower. Furthermore, pines in the pine dominated stands were less affected than pines in the mixed oak/pine stand, as δ13C and isotopic water use efficiency were significantly lower and water use efficiency and carboxylation efficiency were increased in the oak/pine stand post-fire compared to the control plot, but not in the pine dominated stands. Average daily sap-flux rates exhibited different patterns for each stand type due to differences in fuel consumption, increasing compared to control plots in pine dominated sites and decreasing in the oak/pine stand. Finally, when analyzed on the canopy scale, pines in pine-dominated forests were better suited to capitalize on available resources, as they were more sensitive to changes in vapor pressure deficit (VPD) in regards to transpiration, while pines in the oak/pine forest were unaffected in terms of stomatal responses to VPD. Therefore, prescribed fire affects physiological functioning and water use of pines, but many other factors can alter the degree to which these trees are affected, because results are dependent on stand type and fuel consumption differences, making broad-scale generalizations on the effects of prescribed fire difficult.
Acute ischemic stroke lesion segmentation in non-contrast CT images using 3D convolutional neural networks
Creators: name: Dobshik, A. V.
name: Verbitskiy, S. K.
name: Pestunov, I. A.
name: Sherman, K. M.
name: Sinyavskiy, Yu. N.
name: Tulupov, A. A.
name: Berikov, V. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, an automatic algorithm aimed at volumetric segmentation of acute ischemic stroke lesion in non-contrast computed tomography brain 3D images is proposed. Our deep-learning approach is based on the popular 3D U-Net convolutional neural network architecture, which was modified by adding the squeeze-and-excitation blocks and residual connections. Robust pre-processing methods were implemented to improve the segmentation accuracy. Moreover, a specific patches sampling strategy was used to address the large size of medical images, to smooth out the effect of the class imbalance problem and to stabilize neural network training. All experiments were performed using five-fold cross-validation on the dataset containing non-contrast computed tomography volumetric brain scans of 81 patients diagnosed with acute ischemic stroke. Two radiology experts manually segmented images independently and then verified the labeling results for inconsistencies. The quantitative results of the proposed algorithm and obtained segmentation were measured by the Dice similarity coefficient, sensitivity, specificity and precision metrics. Our proposed model achieves an average Dice of $0.628\pm0.033$, sensitivity of $0.699\pm0.039$, specificity of $0.9965\pm0.0016$ and precision of $0.619\pm0.036$, showing promising segmentation results.
description: 18 pages, 4 figures, 2 tables
Exotic magnetic order in the orbital-selective Mott regime of multiorbital systems
Creators: name: Rincon, Julian
name: Moreo, Adriana
name: Alvarez, Gonzalo
name: Dagotto, Elbio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The orbital-selective Mott phase (OSMP) of multiorbital Hubbard models has been extensively analyzed before using static and dynamical mean-field approximations. In parallel, the properties of Block states (antiferromagnetically coupled ferromagnetic spin clusters) in Fe-based superconductors have also been much discussed. The present effort uses numerically exact techniques in one-dimensional systems to report the observation of Block states within the OSMP regime, connecting two seemingly independent areas of research, and providing analogies with the physics of Double-Exchange models.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures + supplementary material. Accepted in Phys. Rev. Lett
Motion planning and stabilization of nonholonomic systems using gradient flow approximations
Creators: name: Grushkovskaya, Victoria
name: Zuyev, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 93D15, 93D30, 93C10, 70Q05

description: Nonlinear control-affine systems with time-varying vector fields are considered in the paper. We propose a unified control design scheme with oscillating inputs for solving the trajectory tracking and stabilization problems. This methodology is based on the approximation of a gradient like dynamics by trajectories of the designed closed-loop system. As an intermediate outcome, we characterize the asymptotic behavior of solutions of the considered class of nonlinear control systems with oscillating inputs under rather general assumptions on the generating potential function. These results are applied to examples of nonholonomic trajectory tracking and obstacle avoidance.
description: submitted
Dark photon dark matter from an oscillating dilaton
Creators: name: Adshead, Peter
name: Lozanov, Kaloian D.
name: Weiner, Zachary J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a mechanism for generating ultralight dark photon dark matter in the early Universe via a dilatonlike scalar field coupled to the dark photon's kinetic term. Energy is initially stored in the condensate of the dilaton, which resonantly produces dark photons when it begins oscillating in the early Universe. While similar scenarios with axion--dark-photon couplings require large coupling coefficients to fully populate the dark photon, the dilatonic coupling features a unique regime: When the dark photon's mass is half that of the dilaton, dark photons are copiously produced even when the dilaton undergoes small-amplitude oscillations. Scenarios consistent with the cosmic microwave background allow for ultralight vector dark matter with mass as light as $10^{-20}$ eV.
description: 9 pages, 1 figure; matches published version
Air pollution, meteorology and public health in New Jersey
Creators: name: Roberts-Semple, Dawn
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2012

description: Air pollutant concentrations vary with local meteorological conditions and can have deleterious effects on human health. This dissertation adapts an integrated approach to improve understanding about the role of meteorological factors on air pollution concentrations and their cumulative effects on public health in Newark and the Meadowlands, New Jersey. Filter-based samples of particulate matter (PM) were collected and meteorological variables were monitored in Newark from August to October 2009 and from December 2010 to January 2011. Measurements of daily maximum ground-level ozone (O3) were obtained from Newark Firehouse, a monitoring station in the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection network (NJDEP). Ambient concentrations of nitrogen oxides (NOx) and O3 were measured and meteorological variables were monitored at the Meadowlands Environmental Research Institute (MERI) from June 2007 to May 2008, to characterize the temporal and seasonal variations of gas-phase air pollutants. Health records of respiratory hospital admissions were obtained from St. Michael’s Medical Center in Newark and the New Jersey State Department of Health and Senior Services (NJDHSS). Statistical analyses were conducted by using time series, multiple linear and principal component regression techniques. The results show that ambient levels of PM2.5 and O3 were influenced mainly by temperature and wind speed. Positive associations demonstrated among O3, PM and hospital admissions suggest that even below current federal standards, air pollutant levels could be associated with an increased risk for respiratory illnesses. Variability of NOx and O3 were altered by distinct atmospheric conditions and chemical inter-conversions of the pollutants. There was an inverse relationship between concentrations of NOx and O3; the latter was dominant in summer and specific time of the day (early afternoon). Seasonal variations of NOx were less distinct with strong diurnal patterns of traffic-related peaks during the early morning rush hour. There was a strong association between NOx and respiratory hospital admissions mainly in the winter season. For O3, association with hospital admissions was strongest at 2 lag days. Both climate-induced and pollution-induced health effects of NOx and O3 suggest that current national standards may not adequately provide a safe threshold for air pollutants from a public health perspective.
A quantum-classical decomposition of Gaussian quantum environments: a stochastic pseudomode model
Creators: name: Luo, Si
name: Lambert, Neill
name: Liang, Pengfei
name: Cirio, Mauro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the effect of a Gaussian Bosonic environment linearly coupled to a quantum system can be simulated by a stochastic Lindblad master equation characterized by a set of ancillary Bosonic modes initially at zero temperature and classical stochastic fields. We test the method for Ohmic environments with exponential and polynomial cut-offs against, respectively, the Hierarchical Equations of Motion and the deterministic pseudomode model with respect to which the number of ancillary quantum degrees of freedom is reduced. For a subset of rational spectral densities, all parameters are explicitly specified without the need of any fitting procedure, thereby simplifying the modeling strategy. Interestingly, the classical fields in this decomposition must sometimes be imaginary-valued, which can have counter-intuitive effects on the system properties which we demonstrate by showing that they can decrease the entropy of the system, in contrast to real-valued fields.
description: 41 pages, 11 figures
Tier-Aware Resource Allocation in OFDMA Macrocell-Small Cell Networks
Creators: name: Abdelnasser, Amr
name: Hossain, Ekram
name: Kim, Dong In
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present a joint sub-channel and power allocation framework for downlink transmission an orthogonal frequency-division multiple access (OFDMA)-based cellular network composed of a macrocell overlaid by small cells. In this framework, the resource allocation (RA) problems for both the macrocell and small cells are formulated as optimization problems. Numerical results confirm the performance gains of our proposed RA formulation for the macrocell over the traditional resource allocation based on minimizing the transmission power. Besides, it is shown that the formulation based on convex relaxation yields a similar behavior to the MINLP formulation. Also, the distributed solution converges to the same solution obtained by solving the corresponding convex optimization problem in a centralized fashion.
description: Submitted to IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications
The imprint of convection on Type I X-ray bursts: Pauses in photospheric radius expansion lightcurves
Creators: name: Guichandut, Simon
name: Cumming, Andrew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by the recent observation by NICER of a type I X-ray burst from SAX J1808.4-3658 with a distinct "pause" feature during its rise (Bult et al. 2019), we show that bursts which ignite in a helium layer underneath a hydrogen-rich shell naturally give rise to such pauses, as long as enough energy is produced to eject the outer layers of the envelope by super-Eddington winds. The length of the pause is determined by the extent of the convection generated after ignition, while the rate of change of luminosity following the pause is set by the hydrogen gradient left behind by convection. Using the MESA stellar evolution code, we simulate the accumulation, nuclear burning and convective mixing prior to and throughout the ignition of the burst, followed by the hydrodynamic wind. We show that the results are sensitive to the treatment of convection adopted within the code. In particular, the efficiency of mixing at the H/He interface plays a key role in determining the shape of the lightcurve. The data from SAX J1808.4-3658 favors strong mixing scenarios. Multidimensional simulations will be needed to properly model the interaction between convection and nuclear burning during these bursts, which will then enable a new way to use X-ray burst lightcurves to study neutron star surfaces.
description: 13 pages, 7 figures. Published in ApJ (August 2023)
Constraints on Helium Enhancement in the Globular Cluster M4 (NGC 6121): The Horizontal Branch Test
Creators: name: Valcarce, A. A. R.
name: Catelan, M.
name: Alonso-García, J.
name: Cortés, C.
name: De Medeiros, J. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent pieces of evidence have revealed that most, and possibly all, globular star clusters are composed of groups of stars that formed in multiple episodes with different chemical compositions. In this sense, it has also been argued that variations in the initial helium abundance ($Y$) from one population to the next are also the rule, rather than the exception. In the case of the metal-intermediate globular cluster M4 (NGC 6121), recent high-resolution spectroscopic observations of blue horizontal branch (HB) stars (i.e., HB stars hotter than the RR Lyrae instability strip) suggest that a large fraction of blue HB stars are second-generation stars formed with high helium abundances. In this paper, we test this scenario by using recent photometric and spectroscopic data together with theoretical evolutionary computations for different $Y$ values. Comparing the photometric data with the theoretically-derived color-magnitude diagrams, we find that the bulk of the blue HB stars in M4 have $ΔY \lesssim 0.01$ with respect to the cluster's red HB stars (i.e., HB stars cooler than the RR Lyrae strip)-- a result which is corroborated by comparison with spectroscopically derived gravities and temperatures, which also favor little He enhancement. However, the possible existence of a minority population on the blue HB of the cluster with a significant He enhancement level is also discussed.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
Identification of the precessing vortex core in a hydro turbine model using local stability analysis and stochastic modeling
Creators: name: Litvinov, Ivan
name: Sieber, Moritz
name: Oberleithner, Kilian
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 620 Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten
subject: linear stability analysis
subject: LSA
subject: stochastic modeling
subject: PVC
subject: precessing vortex core
subject: pressure fluctuation

description: AbstractStochastic modeling and local linear stability analysis (LSA) is employed to predict the onset of the precessing vortex core (PVC) in the hydro turbine model. The method of the stochastic modeling based on the pressure fluctuation signals correctly predicts the instability of the azimuthal mode m = 1 at flow rates below 0.7Qc. This is in line with local LSA that shows that the azimuthal modes m = 1 and m = 2 are absolutely unstable below the flow rate of 0.7Qc. The absolute instability of mode m = 2 is a new observation in the part load regimes of hydro turbines and plays a significant role in the dynamics of the PVC. As demonstrated in this paper, local LSA and stochastic modelling are both methods to uncover the driver of the PVC using sparse experimental data stemming from either spatially resolved but non-timeresolved PIV snapshots or single-point time-resolved wall pressure recordings, respectively. This makes these methods suitable to be applied to configurations of industrial relevance.
Gemini Long-slit Observations of Luminous Obscured Quasars: Further Evidence for an Upper Limit on the Size of the Narrow-Line Region
Creators: name: Hainline, Kevin N.
name: Hickox, Ryan C.
name: Greene, Jenny E.
name: Myers, Adam D.
name: Zakamska, Nadia L.
name: Liu, Guilin
name: Liu, Xin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the spatial extent of the narrow-line regions (NLRs) of a sample of 30 luminous obscured quasars at $0.4 < z < 0.7$ observed with spatially resolved Gemini-N GMOS long-slit spectroscopy. Using the [OIII]$\lambda5007$ emission feature, we estimate the size of the NLR using a cosmology-independent measurement: the radius where the surface brightness falls to 10$^{-15}$ erg s$^{-1}$ cm$^{-2}$ arcsec$^{-2}$. We then explore the effects of atmospheric seeing on NLR size measurements and conclude that direct measurements of the NLR size from observed profiles are too large by 0.1 - 0.2 dex on average, as compared to measurements made to best-fit Sérsic or Voigt profiles convolved with the seeing. These data, which span a full order of magnitude in IR luminosity ($\log{(L_{8 μ\mathrm{m}} / \mathrm{erg\, s}^{-1})} = 44.4 - 45.4$) also provide strong evidence that there is a flattening of the relationship between NLR size and AGN luminosity at a seeing-corrected size of $\sim 7$ kpc. The objects in this sample have high luminosities which place them in a previously under-explored portion of the size-luminosity relationship. These results support the existence of a maximal size of the narrow-line region around luminous quasars; beyond this size either there is not enough gas, or the gas is over-ionized and does not produce enough [OIII]$\lambda5007$ emission.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
title: L’homme prétentieux et ses quatre fils
title: Lo ba-nuu ma mi za nii-na
Creators: name: Leguy, Cécile
Publisher: name: Pangloss
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Linguistique
subject: Boomu

description: Accompagnement : musical à la harpe-luth à huit cordes (’uanni) avec un accompagnateur qui frappe sur la caisse de résonnance de l’instrument. Le conteur alterne des passages chantés et des passages dits, mais toujours accompagnés de la harpe-luth et du rythme frappé sur la caisse de l’instrument.
Optimal Service Provisioning in IoT Fog-based Environment for QoS-aware Delay-sensitive Application
Creators: name: Hashemifar, Soroush
name: Rajabzadeh, Amir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper addresses the escalating challenges posed by the ever-increasing data volume, velocity, and the demand for low-latency applications, driven by the proliferation of smart devices and Internet of Things (IoT) applications. To mitigate service delay and enhance Quality of Service (QoS), we introduce a hybrid optimization of Particle Swarm (PSO) and Chemical Reaction (CRO) to improve service delay in FogPlan, an offline framework that prioritizes QoS and enables dynamic fog service deployment. The method optimizes fog service allocation based on incoming traffic to each fog node, formulating it as an Integer Non-Linear Programming (INLP) problem, considering various service attributes and costs. Our proposed algorithm aims to minimize service delay and QoS degradation. The evaluation using real MAWI Working Group traffic data demonstrates a substantial 29.34% reduction in service delay, a 66.02% decrease in service costs, and a noteworthy 50.15% reduction in delay violations compared to the FogPlan framework.
title: L’orpheline
title: Lo himizo
Creators: name: Leguy, Cécile
Publisher: name: Pangloss
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Linguistique
subject: Boomu

description: Chanté, Accompagnement : musical à la harpe-luth à 8 cordes (’uanni) avec un accompagnateur qui frappe sur la caisse de résonnance de l’instrument, mais ne dit rien. Le conteur alterne des passages chantés et des passages dits, mais toujours accompagnés de la harpe-luth et du rythme frappé sur la caisse de l’instrument.
Chaotic behavior of the Compound Nucleus, open Quantum Dots and other nanostructures
Creators: name: Hussein, M. S.
name: Ramos, J. G. G. S
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is well established that physical systems exhibit both ordered and chaotic behavior. The chaotic behavior of nanostructure such as open quantum dots has been confirmed experimentally and discussed exhaustively theoretically. This is manifested through random fluctuations in the electronic conductance. What useful information can be extracted from this noise in the conductance? In this contribution we shall address this question. In particular, we will show that the average maxima density in the conductance is directly related to the correlation function whose characteristic width is a measure of energy- or applied magnetic field- correlation length. The idea behind the above has been originally discovered in the context of the atomic nucleus, a mesoscopic system. Our findings are directly applicable to graphene.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures. Contribution to: "4th International Workshop on Compound-Nuclear Reactions and Related Topics (CNR*13)", October 7-11, 2013, Maresias, Brazil. To appear in the proceedings
Reflective practice in the digital age
Creators: name: Klein, Hans Christian
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek Siegen
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 004 Informatik
subject: Design Thinking
subject: reflexive Praxis
subject: Reflective Practice
subject: Design Thinking

description: The digital transformation, in the form of rapid changes, increasing uncertainties and unique situations, poses new challenges to all industries. As a result, there is tremendous use of new techniques and methodologies in order to enable “non-designer” to design. However, professionals of the “non-designers”-fields do not have the same requirements as designers have to do design thinking. With this short paper we aim to set out a preliminary conceptual framework of reflective practice in design context. To answer the question we go back to the roots of the actual design thinking discourse and set out a preliminary conceptual framework on basis of “Reflective Practitioner – How professionals think in action” as common denominator.
Density Functional Theory for Plasmon-Assisted Superconductivity
Creators: name: Akashi, Ryosuke
name: Arita, Ryotaro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review the recent progress in the density functional theory for superconductors (SCDFT). Motivated by the long-studied plasmon mechanism of superconductivity, we have constructed an exchange-correlation kernel entering the SCDFT gap equation which includes the plasmon effect. For the case of lithium under high pressures, we show that the plasmon effect substantially enhances the transition temperature (Tc) by cooperating with the conventional phonon mechanism and results in a better agreement between the theoretical and experimentally observed Tc. Our present formalism will be a first step to density functional theory for unconventional superconductors.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures; accepted for publication in J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. Special Topics; conference proceedings of The International Conference on Strongly Correlated Electron Systems (SCES) 2013
Development and Implementation of a Guideline for the Combination of Additively Manufactured Joint Assemblies with Wire Actuators made of Shape Memory Alloys
Creators: name: Löffler, Robin
name: Tremmel, Stephan
name: Hornfeck, Rüdiger
Publisher: name: Amsterdam [u.a.] : Elsevier
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Design Guideline
subject: Additive Manufacturing
subject: Smart Material
subject: Shape Memory Alloy
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: 670
subject: 600

description: Smart Materials actuators in the form of wires made of shape memory alloys in combination with additively manufactured carrier components are used in a wide variety of prototype developments of innovative joint assemblies. This combination is relevant because of the same manufacturing costs of the additively manufactured components, which are independent of the quantity of parts, the free geometric design possibilities as well as the huge energy density of the aforementioned actuator technology. In particular, the focus is on the possibility of appropriately fitting large wire lengths on a compact part volume while taking into account acceptable force losses. Since there is no design guideline for such joint developments, each is individual, which results in unnecessarily long development times and a higher risk of errors. Based on selected in-house and third-party examples, integration possibilities of shape memory alloy wire actuators in additively manufactured carrier components are analysed and transferred into a universally applicable design guideline. These recommendations are brought into the framework of existing design guidelines of the VDI (Verein Deutscher Ingenieure – Association of German Engineers), namely VDI 2206 and VDI 2221 with extensions for additive manufacturing, for a better usability and integrability into existing processes. Finally, this results in a simplified access to the topic of the combination of additive manufacturing and shape memory alloys and a more efficient realisation of such joint developments.
Governing posthuman subjects : humanist appeals as a mechanism of power in the Section 230 reform debate
Creators: name: Jelinek, Jamie
name: 0000-0003-0089-844X
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2022
Subjects: Section 230
Governmentality
Subjectivity
Posthumanism
Foucault
Big Tech

description: The dangers of social media have been at the center of the national conversation in the United States for nearly a decade. Between the U.S. Congress and Big Tech, the conversation has focused on Section 230, a section of the U.S. legal code that protects communication platforms from being held liable for information posted on their sites. In the early years of the internet, this legislation was passed in order to incentivize companies to moderate the content on their platforms. However, the lack of public trust in Big Tech’s oversight processes has led both Republicans and Democrats in Congress to call for a limitation of the legal protections provided by Section 230 with the justification that they must hold social media accountable for their role in violent outcomes. Between 2019 and 2022, over 20 bills were introduced in Congress specifically as proposed amendments to Section 230. In this project, I analyze the narratives surrounding the proposals, and argue that they collectively attempt to uphold the stable, humanist subject that has historically animated Western democracy. Using a Foucauldian framework, I demonstrate how the stability of the subject is both a prerequisite for, and an outcome of democratic governance. Through this lens, the battle between Congress and Big Tech is a struggle over the power to produce subjects.
Communicative action to mediate policy implementation in government organizations : theorizing policy implementation as a practice
Creators: name: Freidheim, John Kendrick
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2022
Subjects: Grounded practical theory
Government
Organizational change
Policy implementation

description: Change is a constant theme in organizations, and policy implementation or change implemented from the top-down can have its challenges. This project aimed to identify and assess current work strategies used to support changes from legislative policy implementation and develop communication interventions to navigate its dilemmas. Through a study of change implementation at a government agency, the researcher identified five dilemmas that centered around managing feedback between employees, conflicting perspectives between stakeholders, and gaps in staff resources. Findings suggested that employees at this agency developed a set of five strategies used to manage the problems and dilemmas brought on by policy implementation. Practical implications from this study indicate organizations should assess whether similar dilemmas exist during their change initiatives. Furthermore, collaborative technologies were pivotal to supporting remote work operations and completing time-sensitive work.
Influence of powder feed parameters on the powder stream in laser metal deposition (LMD) by high-speed and high-resolution imaging
Creators: name: Bohlen, Annika
name: Tyralla, Dieter
name: Seefeld, Thomas
Publisher: name: BIAS Verlag
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Laser Metal Deposition
subject: Powder-Jet
subject: High-Speed Imaging
subject: 620

description: Laser metal deposition (LMD) is a blown powder process used for the additive manufacturing of large components or the generation of functional geometries on semi-finished parts. In LMD laser intensity and powder mass flow distribution within the process zone must be precisely matched for a welding bead of predefined shape and a consistent layer quality. Therefore, the present work analyses the powder stream of a single injector that is commonly used for discrete coaxial nozzles in LMD. Several powder size classes are investigated in a range of 45 μm and 106 μm. The influence of carrier gas flow rate and powder mass flow rate variations on powder stream characteristics like particle velocity and propagation were determined up to a distance of 10 mm from the nozzle by high-speed imaging at a frequency of 30 kHz with a high spatial resolution. It was found that particle velocity depends mainly on carrier gas flow rate and particle size. Additionally, the measurement shows that the divergence increases for higher distances and higher particle sizes.
Prevention of coating-induced agglomerations within the weld seam during laser beam deep penetration welding of aluminum-silicon coated press-hardened steel
Creators: name: Möbus, Marcel
name: Woizeschke, Peer
name: Mattulat, Thorsten
Publisher: name: BIAS Verlag
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Laser beam welding
subject: beam modulation
subject: agglomeration prevention
subject: aluminum-silicon coating
subject: 620

description: Press-hardened steels like 22MnB5 (1.5528) have great potential in terms of their use in the field of lightweight construction. However, due to the aluminum-silicon coating, applied for press-hardening, strength-reducing agglomerations can occur within the seam after laser deep penetration welding of already hardened material. To investigate the hypothesis that the agglomeration formation can be reduced by beam modulation strategies, laser deep penetration welding experiments with changing beam modulation strategies such as “transversal”, “circular” and “vertical eight” shaped patterns were carried out using constant welding speed and laser power. After comparing the resulting cross-sections to coated and decoated samples welded without beam modulation, the hypothesis was found to be true in case of all modulation strategies examined as no agglomerations could be detected within the samples. In addition, in case of the beam modulation strategies “circle” and “vertical eight”, the fracture type could be changed from a separation fracture along the melting line to a shear fracture crosswise to the seam in sheet metal plane comparable to the decoated samples.
Virtual quantum error detection
Creators: name: Tsubouchi, Kento
name: Suzuki, Yasunari
name: Tokunaga, Yuuki
name: Yoshioka, Nobuyuki
name: Endo, Suguru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum error correction and quantum error detection necessitate syndrome measurements to detect errors. Performing syndrome measurements for each stabilizer generator can be a significant overhead, considering the fact that the readout fidelity in the current quantum hardware is generally lower than gate fidelity. Here, by generalizing a quantum error mitigation method known as symmetry expansion, we propose a protocol called virtual quantum error detection (VQED). This method virtually allows for evaluating computation results corresponding to post-selected quantum states obtained through quantum error detection during circuit execution, without implementing syndrome measurements. Unlike conventional quantum error detection, which requires the implementation of Hadamard test circuits for each stabilizer generator, our VQED protocol can be performed with a constant depth shallow quantum circuit with an ancilla qubit, irrespective of the number of stabilizer generators. Furthermore, for some simple error models, the computation results obtained using VQED are robust against the noise that occurred during the operation of VQED, and our method is fully compatible with other error mitigation schemes, enabling further improvements in computation accuracy and facilitating high-fidelity quantum computing.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures, 1 table
Irrgang, Ulrike: Das Wiederauftauchen einer verwehten Spur. Das religiöse Erbe im Werk Gianni Vattimos und Hans Magnus Enzensbergers
Creators: name: Engel, Ulrich
Publisher: name: Theologische Revue
Year: 2020

description: Theologische Revue, Bd. 116 (2020): November
High threshold codes for neutral atom qubits with biased erasure errors
Creators: name: Sahay, Kaavya
name: Jin, Junlan
name: Claes, Jahan
name: Thompson, Jeff D.
name: Puri, Shruti
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The requirements for fault-tolerant quantum error correction can be simplified by leveraging structure in the noise of the underlying hardware. In this work, we identify a new type of structured noise motivated by neutral atom qubits, biased erasure errors, which arises when qubit errors are dominated by detectable leakage from only one of the computational states of the qubit. We study the performance of this model using gate-level simulations of the XZZX surface code. Using the predicted erasure fraction and bias of metastable $^{171}$Yb qubits, we find a threshold of 8.2% for two-qubit gate errors, which is 1.9 times higher than the threshold for unbiased erasures, and 7.5 times higher than the threshold for depolarizing errors. Surprisingly, the improved threshold is achieved without bias-preserving controlled-not gates, and instead results from the lower noise entropy in this model. We also introduce an XZZX cluster state construction for measurement-based error correction, hybrid-fusion, that is optimized for this noise model. By combining fusion operations and deterministic entangling gates, this construction preserves the intrinsic symmetry of the XZZX code, leading to a higher threshold of 10.3% and enabling the use of rectangular codes with fewer qubits. We discuss a potential physical implementation using a single plane of atoms and moveable tweezers.
description: 12+8 pages, 4+4 figures, comments welcome; v2 - extended discussion on resource overhead in supplement, references added
High-speed laser melt injection for wear protection of skin-pass rolls
Creators: name: Warneke, Philipp
name: Hildinger, Philipp
name: Bohlen, Annika
name: Seefeld, Thomas
Publisher: name: BIAS Verlag
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Laser melt injection
subject: Metal matrix composite
subject: Wear protection
subject: 620

description: Laser melt injection (LMI) is a technology for producing metal matrix composite (MMC) layers on tools such as skin-pass rolls by injecting hard particles into a laser-induced weld pool. However, low process speeds prevent the application of laser melt injection on a large scale. To overcome this drawback, a new approach is presented: High-speed laser melt injection (HSLMI) is a promising method for generating highly wear-resistant MMC-layers on tools with high productivity. For the first time, high process speeds of up to 100 m/min were reached with HSLMI of spherical fused tungsten carbide (SFTC) particles into the steel 1.2362 that is used for skin-pass rolls. It was found that both the crack susceptibility and the SFTC dissolution can be reduced significantly by increasing the process speed. The wear behavior of the MMC layers was studied in a pin-on-plate test. It was found that the SFTC reinforcement leads to a significant improvement in wear resistance over the non-reinforced steel substrate. The wear volume was reduced from 3.6 mm³ to 0.1 mm³ to 0.3 mm³ by an SFTC particle-reinforcement.
A simple bound for the variation at closest approach of a small body and star due to general relativity
Creators: name: Veras, Dimitri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As a comet, asteroid or planet approaches its parent star, the orbit changes shape due to the curvature of spacetime. For comets in particular, the deviation at the pericentre may noticeably change their ephemerides and affect the dynamics of outgassing, tidal disruption or other processes which act on orbital timescales and are assumed to follow Newtonian gravity. By obtaining and analysing the unaveraged equations of motion in orbital elements due to the dominant post-Newtonian contribution (1PN), I derive a simple analytic expression for the maximum deviation in terms of only the stellar mass and eccentricity of the orbit. This relation can be used to assess the potential importance of including short-period relativistic terms in models containing comets, asteroids or planets, and help determine the level of precision needed in numerical integrations. The magnitude of the deviation in systems with Solar-like stars is typically comparable to the size of comet nuclei, and the direction of the deviation is determined by the eccentricity. I show that for eccentricities above a critical value of approximately 0.359, the direction is away from the star.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS Letters
Industrial applicability of reflection-assisted laser beam brazing of ZM-coated steel sheets
Creators: name: Henze, Insa
name: Pordzik, Ronald
name: Philip, Marben
name: Mattulat, Thorsten
Publisher: name: BIAS Verlag
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Laser brazing
subject: Zinc-magnesium-coated steel
subject: Reflection-assisted laser brazing
subject: 620

description: A major challenge in laser beam brazing of zinc-magnesium-coated (ZM) steel sheets is the uniform pre-heating of the substrate surface for achieving a stable wetting process. A process modification of the con-ventional laser beam brazing that addresses this requirement is the reflection-assisted laser beam brazing in laser leading configuration, which utilizes the laser reflections from the brazing wire onto the substrate material for preheating and wire melting with a single laser beam. In this study the industrial applicability of this process variant is addressed by analyzing the process parameters as well as the required position tolerance limits for continuous and uniform seams. The results showed the suitability of a laser beam brazing process in laser leading configuration for ZM-coated steel sheets. Process velocities of 6 m/min were possible. Regarding the process tolerances it has been shown that flange joints with a gap width of up to 100 µm and lateral displacements of the TCP of up to 400 µm were joinable. The brazing seams showed a higher tensile shear strength than the substrate ma-terial.
Relativistic surfatron process for Landau resonant electrons in radiation belts
Creators: name: Osmane, A.
name: Hamza, A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent theoretical studies of the nonlinear wave-particle interactions for relativistic particles have shown that Landau resonant orbits could be efficiently accelerated along the mean background magnetic field for propagation angles $θ$ in close proximity to a critical propagation $θ_\textrm{c}$ associated with a Hopf--Hopf bifurcation condition. In this report, we extend previous studies to reach greater modeling capacities for the study of electrons in radiation belts by including longitudinal wave effects and inhomogeneous magnetic fields. We find that even though both effects can limit the surfatron acceleration of electrons in radiation belts, gains in energy of the order of 100 keV, taking place on the order of ten milliseconds, are sufficiently strong for the mechanism to be relevant to radiation belt dynamics.
description: Published in Nonlinear Processes of Geophysics but available in here without some random typos introduced by publisher