cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Diversity-induced decoherence
Creators: name: Yamakou, Marius E.
name: Heinsalu, Els
name: Patriarca, Marco
name: Scialla, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the effect of small-amplitude noise and heterogeneity in a network of coupled excitable oscillators with strong time scale separation. Using mean-field analysis, we uncover the mechanism of a new nontrivial effect -- diversity-induced decoherence (DIDC) -- in which heterogeneity modulates the mechanism of self-induced stochastic resonance to inhibit the coherence of oscillations. We argue that DIDC may offer one possible mechanism via which, in excitable neural systems, generic heterogeneity and background noise can synergistically prevent unwanted resonances that may be related to hyperkinetic movement disorders.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, 51 references
Total Internal Reflection with Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy: Nonfluorescent Competitors
Creators: name: Lieto, Alena M.
name: Thompson, Nancy L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2004

description: Total internal reflection with fluorescence correlation spectroscopy is a method for measuring the surface association/dissociation rate constants and absolute densities of fluorescent molecules at the interface of a planar substrate and solution. This method can also report the apparent diffusion coefficient and absolute concentration of fluorescent molecules very close to the surface. Theoretical expressions for the fluorescence fluctuation autocorrelation function when both surface association/dissociation kinetics and diffusion through the evanescent wave, in solution, contribute to the fluorescence fluctuations have been published previously. In the work described here, the nature of the autocorrelation function when both surface association/dissociation kinetics and diffusion through the evanescent wave contribute to the fluorescence fluctuations, and when fluorescent and nonfluorescent molecules compete for surface binding sites, is described. The autocorrelation function depends in general on the kinetic association and dissociation rate constants of the fluorescent and nonfluorescent molecules, the surface site density, the concentrations of fluorescent and nonfluorescent molecules in solution, the solution diffusion coefficients of the two chemical species, the depth of the evanescent field, and the size of the observed area on the surface. Both general and approximate expressions are presented.
Transforming the Energy Landscape of a Coiled-Coil Peptide via Point Mutations
Creators: name: Röder, Konstantin
name: Wales, David John
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2017

description: We analyze the effect of point mutations on the energy landscape of a coiled-coil peptide, GCN4-pLI, where the native state is a parallel tetrameric configuration formed from two identical dimers. Experimentally, a single mutation, E20S, supports both antiparallel and parallel structures. Here, we analyze the potential energy landscapes of the dimeric units for the parent sequence and four mutants, namely E20S, E20A, E20P, and E20G. Despite sharing characteristic funnels containing the parallel and antiparallel structures, the point mutations change some parts of the landscape quite dramatically, and we predict new intermediate structures and characterize the associated heat capacities. For the mutants we predict that kinked intermediate structures facilitate the transition between parallel and antiparallel morphologies, in contrast to the parent sequence. Furthermore, we predict a change from a multifunnel energy landscape in the E20S mutant to a landscape dominated by an underlying single funnel in the parent sequence, with accompanying heat capacity signatures. Our results imply that changes in the landscape due to mutations might provide useful tools for functional protein design.
description: K.R. gratefully acknowledges the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council for financial support.
On the Construction of Euclidean Invariant and Reflection Positive Measures on the Cylindrical Compactification of Distributions
Creators: name: Tlas, Tamer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81T08

description: A simple construction of Euclidean invariant and reflection positive measures on the cylindrical compactification is performed under a weaker hypothesis than has recently been obtained. Moreover, the results are extended to the case when the theory under consideration has finitely many constraints.
description: 14 pages, proof of Lemma 2 expanded and clarified with no change to the results, one reference added and one updated
Structures in 9Be, 10Be and 10B studied with tensor-optimized shell model
Creators: name: Myo, Takayuki
name: Umeya, Atsushi
name: Toki, Hiroshi
name: Ikeda, Kiyomi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the structures of $^{9,10}$Be and $^{10}$B with the tensor-optimized shell model (TOSM) using the effective interaction based on the bare nucleon-nucleon interaction AV8$^\prime$. The tensor correlation is treated in TOSM with the full optimization of 2p2h configurations including high-momentum components. The short-range correlation is described in the unitary correlation operator method (UCOM). It is found that the level orders of the low-lying states of $^{9,10}$Be and $^{10}$B are entirely reproduced. For $^9$Be, ground band states are located relatively in higher energy than the experiments, which indicates the missing $α$ clustering correlation in these states as seen in the case of $^8$Be with TOSM. In addition, the tensor force gives the larger attraction for $T$=1/2 states than for $T$=3/2 ones for $^9$Be. For $^{10}$Be, the tensor contribution of $0^+_2$ shows the largest value among the $0^+$ states. This can be related to the $α$ clustering correlation in this state. It is also found that the level order of three nuclei depends on the tensor force in comparison with the results obtained with the Minnesota interaction without the tensor force.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures
PRACTICING ECOLOGICAL SPIRITUAITY WITH A FRANCISCAN-ARTISTIC SENSITIVITY
Creators: name: Ofm, William Ng
Publisher: name: Ecopoiesis: eco-human theory and practice
Year: 2024
Subjects: Laudato Si’
St. Francis of Assisi
expressive therapy
poiesis
ecopoiesis
ecological spirituality
ecological citizenship

description: The essay examines the key points of Pope Francis' 2015 Encyclical, Laudato Si'. It pays particular attention to the influence of the spiritual heritage of St. Francis of Assisi on the position of the Catholic Church on environmental issues. The concept of ecological spirituality is revealed. The important role of the arts and aesthetic experience in the spiritual heritage of St. Francis is shown. The correlations between the phenomenology of the creative process, poiesis, considered from the standpoint of expressive arts and therapy and the structure of Lectio Divina (divine reading in Latin) are shown.
Visualization and Mechanical Manipulations of Individual Fibrin Fibers Suggest that Fiber Cross Section Has Fractal Dimension 1.3
Creators: name: Lord, S. T.
name: Taylor Jr., R. M.
name: Superfinell, R.
name: Liu, W.
name: Erie, D. A.
name: Hantgan, R. R.
name: Stephens, B.
name: Guthold, Martin
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2004

description: We report protocols and techniques to image and mechanically manipulate individual fibrin fibers, which are key structural components of blood clots. Using atomic force microscopy-based lateral force manipulations we determined the rupture force, FR, of fibrin fibers as a function of their diameter, D, in ambient conditions. As expected, the rupture force increases with increasing diameter; however, somewhat unexpectedly, it increases as FR ∼ D1.30±0.06. Moreover, using a combined atomic force microscopy-fluorescence microscopy instrument, we determined the light intensity, I, of single fibers, that were formed with fluorescently labeled fibrinogen, as a function of their diameter, D. Similar to the force data, we found that the light intensity, and thus the number of molecules per cross section, increases as I ∼ D1.25±0.11. Based on these findings we propose that fibrin fibers are fractals for which the number of molecules per cross section increases as about D1.3. This implies that the molecule density varies as ρ(D) ∼ D−0.7, i.e., thinner fibers are denser than thicker fibers. Such a model would be consistent with the observation that fibrin fibers consist of 70–80% water and only 20–30% protein, which also suggests that fibrin fibers are very porous.
POETIC ANTHOLOGY OF ECO-HUMAN EXPERIENCE. POEMS ABOUT THE MOON
Creators: name: Du Fu,
name: Balmont, Konstantin
name: Loy, Mina
name: Cummings, Edward Estlin
name: Frost, Robert
name: Bowie, David
Publisher: name: Ecopoiesis: eco-human theory and practice
Year: 2024

description: The new section of our journal, “Poetic Anthology of Eco-Human Experience”, presents poetry from different ages, dedicated to various facets of our human relationship with the moon as a natural object. Poetic works allow us to comprehend the ecohuman, eco-poietic nuances of our ability, together with this natural phenomenon, to generate new facets of subjectivity, to discover new forms of experience and meanings revealed on the threshold of human and more-than-human reality.
Folding Trp-Cage to NMR Resolution Native Structure Using a Coarse-Grained Protein Model
Creators: name: Buldyrev, Sergey V.
name: Ding, Feng
name: Dokholyan, Nikolay V.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2005

description: We develop a coarse-grained protein model with a simplified amino acid interaction potential. Using this model, we perform discrete molecular dynamics folding simulations of a small 20-residue protein—Trp-cage—from a fully extended conformation. We demonstrate the ability of the Trp-cage model to consistently reach conformations within 2-Å backbone root-mean-square distance from the corresponding NMR structures. The minimum root-mean-square distance of Trp-cage conformations in simulations can be <1 Å. Our findings suggest that, at least in the case of Trp-cage, a detailed all-atom protein model with a molecular mechanics force field is not necessary to reach the native state of a protein. Our results also suggest that the success of folding Trp-cage in our simulations and in the reported all-atom molecular mechanics simulation studies may be mainly due to the special stabilizing features specific to this miniprotein.
TO MOISTEN THE HEART: REFLECTIONS FROM COMMUNITY ART
Creators: name: Gianella, Martín Zavala
name: Valcárcel, Odette Amaranta Vélez
name: Parró, Mónica Prado
name: Mackee, Ximena Maurial
Publisher: name: Ecopoiesis: eco-human theory and practice
Year: 2024
Subjects: expressive arts
expressive arts therapy
Quechua
aesthetic response
community art
Agwa sukur

description: Authors of this essay recognize themselves as living in a particularly difficult time for peaceful coexistence between countries, cultures and with nature. Presenting themselves as part of this system and complex fabric, they ask themselves about a way to live healthily in a hostile environment. They describe the experiences of faculty, students, and alumni at Estudios en Artes Expresivas (TAE) in Lima, Peru, in hosting creative activities. They welcomed the events present in their reality by making art in community, to imagine different ways of responding to it. They know that the arts and their vitality allow them to respond to what they have experienced and bring them closer to beauty. Arts are part of human nature. In them human beings find the possibility of transforming pain and responding aesthetically, in community.
L’alta formazione come strumento di sviluppo economico. Due politiche regionali a confronto
Creators: name: Gherardini, Alberto
name: Lobascio, Angela
Publisher: name: Cambio. Rivista sulle Trasformazioni Sociali
Year: 2017

description: This article focuses on two Italian regional policies that aim at enhancing human-capital as a strategy for economic development. In the last 10 years, Sardegna Region and Puglia Region, two lagging Italian regional governments, invested massively their resources in order to increase the educational attainment of their graduates (i.e. PhD, second level of specialisation, etc.). Moreover, they provided funds for inclusion of highly skilled workers in the regional labour market. In their plans, these instruments should produce a human capital shock that will upgrade the regional economy. Based on original survey data on Sardinian case and on secondary source information on the Apulian policy, the paper addresses two research questions. The first question regards the effectiveness of the policies in terms of recipients’ satisfaction. The second one concerns the impact of these instruments on labour market and, more in general, on the recovering of regional economies. Results show that these policies reach a high degree of satisfaction between their recipients and, furthermore, that they extended significantly their skills. On the contrary, the impact on regional economy is uncertain. In particular, local labour markets fail in absorbing the supply of highly skilled workers and, consequently, these policies prompted the brain drain phenomenon as a side effect.
description: Cambio. Rivista sulle Trasformazioni Sociali, Vol. 6 No. 12 (2016)
Necessity modals, disjunctions, and collectivity
Creators: name: Booth, Richard Jefferson
Publisher: name: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung
Year: 2022

description: Upward monotonic semantics for necessity modals give rise to Ross’s Puzzle: they predict that ?? entails ?(? ? ?), but common intuitions about arguments of this form suggest they are invalid. It is widely assumed that the intuitive judgments involved in Ross’s Puzzle can be explained in terms of the licensing of ‘Diversity’ inferences: from ?(? ? ?), interpreters infer that the truth of each disjunct (?, ?) is compatible with the relevant set of worlds. I introduce two pieces of data that this analysis fails to explain. Analyzing this data, I argue, suggests that necessity modals with embedded disjunctions license ‘Independence’ inferences: from the truth of ?(? ? ?), interpreters infer that ?-without-? and ?-without-? are each compatible with the relevant set of worlds. I outline a bilateral inquisitive semantics for necessity modals that predicts the validity of the Independence inferences. I then argue that the resulting theory should be understood as one on which disjunctions denote pluralities of propositions, and necessity modals behave like collective predicates applied to these pluralities.
description: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung, Vol. 26 (2022): Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung
Probing the Role of Negatively Charged Amino Acid Residues in Ion Permeation of Skeletal Muscle Ryanodine Receptor
Creators: name: Wang, Ying
name: Xu, Le
name: Gillespie, Dirk
name: Pasek, Daniel A.
name: Meissner, Gerhard
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2005

description: Sequence comparison suggests that the ryanodine receptors (RyRs) have pore architecture similar to that of the bacterial K+ channel KcsA. The lumenal loop linking the two most C-terminal transmembrane spanning segments in the RyRs has a predicted pore helix and an amino acid motif (GGGIG) similar to the selectivity filter (TVGYG) of KcsA identified by x-ray analysis. The RyRs have many negatively charged amino acid residues in the two regions linking the GGGIG motif and predicted pore helix with the two most C-terminal transmembrane spanning segments. We tested the role of these residues by generating single-site mutants, focusing on amino acid residues conserved among the mammalian RyRs. Replacement of two acidic residues immediately after the GGGIG motif in skeletal muscle ryanodine receptor (RyR1-D4899 and -E4900) with asparagine and glutamine profoundly affected ion permeation and selectivity. By comparison, mutagenesis of aspartate and glutamate residues in the putative linker regions showed a K+ conductance and selectivity for Ca2+ compared to K+ (PCa/PK) close to wild-type. The results show that the negatively charged carboxyl oxygens of D4899 and E4900 side chains are major determinants of RyR ion conductance and selectivity.
Properties and Structures of the Influenza and HIV Fusion Peptides on Lipid Membranes: Implications for a Role in Fusion
Creators: name: Lentz, Barry R.
name: Koppaka, Vishwanath
name: Haque, Md Emdadul
name: Axelsen, Paul H.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2005

description: The fusion peptides of HIV and influenza virus are crucial for viral entry into a host cell. We report the membrane-perturbing and structural properties of fusion peptides from the HA fusion protein of influenza virus and the gp41 fusion protein of HIV. Our goals were to determine: 1), how fusion peptides alter structure within the bilayers of fusogenic and nonfusogenic lipid vesicles and 2), how fusion peptide structure is related to the ability to promote fusion. Fluorescent probes revealed that neither peptide had a significant effect on bilayer packing at the water-membrane interface, but both increased acyl chain order in both fusogenic and nonfusogenic vesicles. Both also reduced free volume within the bilayer as indicated by partitioning of a lipophilic fluorophore into membranes. These membrane ordering effects were smaller for the gp41 peptide than for the HA peptide at low peptide/lipid ratio, suggesting that the two peptides assume different structures on membranes. The influenza peptide was predominantly helical, and the gp41 peptide was predominantly antiparallel β-sheet when membrane bound, however, the depths of penetration of Trps of both peptides into neutral membranes were similar and independent of membrane composition. We previously demonstrated: 1), the abilities of both peptides to promote fusion but not initial intermediate formation during PEG-mediated fusion and 2), the ability of hexadecane to compete with this effect of the fusion peptides. Taken together, our current and past results suggest a hypothesis for a common mechanism by which these two viral fusion peptides promote fusion.
Libyan conflict and identerism: a theoretical approach to understanding unstable politicalviolence
Creators: name: Onitiri, Adeyemi
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2023

description: The primary challenge to Libya’s postrevolutionary political re-stabilization is regionalism, not tribalism, as many believe. Regionalism transcends kinship ties in defining the social identity and practical interests that fuel Libya’s identity-linked political violence. This researcher found that the primary causes of the perpetual sociopolitical violence ravaging the country are rooted in the overlap between the most stable social identity and salient practical interests within Libya’s three distinct regions of Tripolitania, Cyrenaica, and Fezzan. As such, the Libyan conflict can best be understood through the concept of “Identerest”—a fusion of identity and interest. The data for this qualitative case study were collected from historical and contemporary sources and semi-structured interviews with twenty-one Libyan citizens from the three regions. The research findings were then analyzed using an explanatory approach. To contextualize the fusion of the most potent identity and interest factors, the four phases of the Identerest framework—the development of Identerest entrepreneurs, the onset of the internal security dilemma, polarization of groups, and the emergence of the Identerest war—were then applied. The findings show that a divergence of the societal pattern of identity from tribal to regional has occurred. Moreover, the fusion in Libya after the revolution is attributable to the overlap of Identerest factors in western and eastern Libya: notably, oil in Sirte and political power in Tripoli. Further, the conflict between cultural and ideological beliefs fuels this fusion. These findings underscore the need to deconflict the fusion of identity and interest in Sirte and, most importantly, to modify the current structure of Libya’s political system to synergize the cultures and ideals of these three strategic regions.This study has three objectives. One objective is to inform Libyan officials, international organizations, and other influential entities regarding the potential of Libyan political regionalism as a viable approach for future peace and stability initiatives. A second objective is to equip political stability initiatives with the latest data. Finally, this study validates the application of the Identerest framework in studying Libya’s social construct and beyond.
(Some) Parentheses are focus-sensitive operators
Creators: name: Bolaños Lewen, Carina
name: Anderson, Carolyn Jane
Publisher: name: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung
Year: 2022

description: The term parenthetical encompasses a range of constructions, including appositives, speaker-oriented adverbials, and speech report tags. Despite lending their name to the category, parenthesized parentheticals have been little discussed. We explore a parenthesized construction with two interesting properties: (1) it is less independent than previously studied parentheticals and (2) it gives rise to an implication absent from its non-parenthesized paraphrase: Sally drinks (herbal) tea implies Sally does not drink black tea. We show that this construction, which we call the Restrictive Parenthesized Parenthetical construction, differs from appositives and orthographic representations of focus. Instead, we propose an analysis that treats it as a focus-sensitive operator: its extra implication results from invoking and negating a set of alternatives to the content within the parentheses.
description: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung, Vol. 26 (2022): Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung
Search for a massive resonance decaying into a Higgs boson and a W or Z boson in hadronic final states in proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s) = 8 TeV
Creators: name: CMS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A search for a massive resonance decaying into a standard-model-like Higgs boson (H) and a W or Z boson is reported. The analysis is performed on a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 19.7 inverse femtobarns, collected in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 8 TeV with the CMS detector at the LHC. Signal events, in which the decay products of Higgs, W, or Z bosons at high Lorentz boost are contained within single reconstructed jets, are identified using jet substructure techniques, including the tagging of b hadrons. This is the first search for heavy resonances decaying into HW or HZ resulting in an all-jet final state, as well as the first application of jet substructure techniques to identify H to WW* to 4q decays at high Lorentz boost. No significant signal is observed and limits are set at 95% confidence level on the production cross section of W' and Z' in a model with mass-degenerate charged and neutral spin-1 resonances. Resonance masses are excluded for W' in the interval [1.0, 1.6] TeV, for Z' in the intervals [1.0, 1.1] and [1.3, 1.5] TeV, and for mass-degenerate W' and Z' in the interval [1.0, 1.7] TeV.
description: Replaced with published version. Added journal reference and DOI. All figures and tables can be found at http://cms-results.web.cern.ch/cms-results/public-results/publications/EXO-14-009/index.html
Visualization of internal forces inside the proton in a classical relativistic model
Creators: name: Varma, Mira
name: Schweitzer, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A classical model of a stable particle of finite size is studied. The model parameters can be chosen such that the described particle has the mass and radius of a proton. Using the energy-momentum tensor (EMT), we show how the presence of long-range forces alters some notions taken for granted in short-range systems. We focus our attention on the D-term form factor. The important conclusion is that a more careful definition of the D-term may be required when long-range forces are present.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, presented by M.V. at the 19th International Conference on Hadron Spectroscopy and Structure (HADRON 2021), Mexico City, July 26-31, 2021
I Centri per l’impiego nei nuovi orientamenti delle politiche attive per il lavoro: vincoli o risorse?
Creators: name: Avola, Maurizio
name: Azzolina, Laura
name: Cuttone, Marco
Publisher: name: Cambio. Rivista sulle Trasformazioni Sociali
Year: 2017

description: In line with recent labour policy reforms, as well as the European programme known as Youth Guarantee, in Italy public employment services have gained a new centrality in active labour policies. However, public employment services in Italy have been only partially modernised and many critical issues still persist. As a result, a debate on the capacity of employment services to play efficiently an active role in labour policies supply has developed. This paper analyses employment centres in 4 areas in Sicily (one of the weakest regions in Italy in terms of institutional efficiency on labour policies), and their performance in the implementation of Youth Guarantee. The work shows the organizational change, the improved relational capacity and the institutional growth following this experience.
description: Cambio. Rivista sulle Trasformazioni Sociali, Vol. 6 No. 12 (2016)
(101356) Augustus Lloyd
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Analysis Method for Measuring Submicroscopic Distances with Blinking Quantum Dots
Creators: name: Lagerholm, B. Christoffer
name: Averett, Laurel
name: Weinreb, Gabriel E.
name: Thompson, Nancy L.
name: Jacobson, Ken
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2006

description: A method is described that takes advantage of the intermittency (“blinking”) in the fluorescence of quantum dots (QDs) to measure absolute positions of closely spaced QDs. The concept is that even if two QDs are separated by only tens of nanometers, the position of each QD is resolvable if the point spread function of each can be imaged independently of the other. In the case of QDs, this is possible if each QD separately blinks completely on and off during a time-lapse sequence. To demonstrate the principle of this method, time-lapse sequences of single blinking QDs were acquired and the centroids of the point spread functions determined. Images of the blinking QDs were then overlapped in software, pixel by pixel, generating a range of submicroscopic distances between QD pairs. Methods were developed for analyzing the overlapped time sequences of the QD pairs so that the positions of the QDs and the distances between them could be determined without prior knowledge of the single QD positions. We subsequently used this method to measure the end-to-end length of a 122-basepair double-stranded DNA fragment.
On regularity for de Rham's functional equations
Creators: name: Okamura, Kazuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 39B52, 39B22, 26A27, 26A30

description: We consider regularity for solutions of a class of de Rham's functional equations. Under some smoothness conditions of functions consisting the equation, we improve some results in Hata (Japan J. Appl. Math. 1985). Our results are applicable to some cases that the functions consisting the equation are non-linear functions on an interval, specifically, polynomials and linear fractional transformations. Our results imply singularity of some well-known singular functions, in particular, Minkowski's question-mark function, and, some small perturbed functions of the singular functions.
description: 14 pages, 3 figures
Approximation Algorithms for Continuous Clustering and Facility Location Problems
Creators: name: Chakrabarty, Deeparnab
name: Negahbani, Maryam
name: Sarkar, Ankita
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We consider the approximability of center-based clustering problems where the points to be clustered lie in a metric space, and no candidate centers are specified. We call such problems "continuous", to distinguish from "discrete" clustering where candidate centers are specified. For many objectives, one can reduce the continuous case to the discrete case, and use an $α$-approximation algorithm for the discrete case to get a $βα$-approximation for the continuous case, where $β$ depends on the objective: e.g. for $k$-median, $β= 2$, and for $k$-means, $β= 4$. Our motivating question is whether this gap of $β$ is inherent, or are there better algorithms for continuous clustering than simply reducing to the discrete case? In a recent SODA 2021 paper, Cohen-Addad, Karthik, and Lee prove a factor-$2$ and a factor-$4$ hardness, respectively, for continuous $k$-median and $k$-means, even when the number of centers $k$ is a constant. The discrete case for a constant $k$ is exactly solvable in polytime, so the $β$ loss seems unavoidable in some regimes. In this paper, we approach continuous clustering via the round-or-cut framework. For four continuous clustering problems, we outperform the reduction to the discrete case. Notably, for the problem $λ$-UFL, where $β= 2$ and the discrete case has a hardness of $1.27$, we obtain an approximation ratio of $2.32 < 2 \times 1.27$ for the continuous case. Also, for continuous $k$-means, where the best known approximation ratio for the discrete case is $9$, we obtain an approximation ratio of $32 < 4 \times 9$. The key challenge is that most algorithms for discrete clustering, including the state of the art, depend on linear programs that become infinite-sized in the continuous case. To overcome this, we design new linear programs for the continuous case which are amenable to the round-or-cut framework.
description: 24 pages, 0 figures. Full version of ESA 2022 paper https://drops.dagstuhl.de/opus/volltexte/2022/16971 . This version adds a link to the conference version and fixes minor formatting issues
To ban or not to ban, is that the question?: a comparative analysis of genetically modified organisms (GMO) adoption, use and bans from the early 2000s to the present.
Creators: name: Bagnato, Adrienne
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2023

description: This paper is an analysis of the countries and United States counties that accepted genetically modified organisms (GMOs) usage and those that have banned GMOs. For those that have banned their usage I will review how that ban was affected and whether the process had an influence on the bans’ permanence. Many nations of the world and counties of the United States have accepted the government’s decision to grow GMO crops without any protest despite knowing the harm caused by their usage. Other countries and counties of the United States have opposed their usage and banned them outright. The processes employed for the ban varied in different locations as did their permanence. In considering the process of banning GMOs and examining places where bans were fully or partially reversed, I will consider whether bans should be absolute and whether enacting a ban in a democratic process that has the flexibility to accommodate extreme natural conditions is the best way to approach GMO usage.
Spazio urbano e ricerca sociale: una proposta metodologica interdisciplinare per gli studi sui quartieri
Creators: name: Bottini, Luca
Publisher: name: Cambio. Rivista sulle Trasformazioni Sociali
Year: 2017

description: The author presents a new way to understand the relationship between urban space and individuals in the urban studies. He offers a new research perspective introducing the framework of environmental psychology, giving some basic characteristics of the discipline and highlighting the connections with the urban sociology. An operative set of indicators is provided at the end of this article. This interdisciplinary approach enhances the research about neighborhoods, opening new research scenarios and valorizing the dimension of urban space in the social analysis.
description: Cambio. Rivista sulle Trasformazioni Sociali, Vol. 6 No. 12 (2016)
Bistability, Stochasticity, and Oscillations in the Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Cascade
Creators: name: Wang, Xiao
name: Elston, Timothy C.
name: Hao, Nan
name: Dohlman, Henrik G.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2006

description: Signaling pathways respond to stimuli in a variety of ways, depending on the magnitude of the input and the physiological status of the cell. For instance, yeast can respond to pheromone stimulation in either a binary or graded fashion. Here we present single cell transcription data indicating that a transient binary response in which all cells eventually become activated is typical. Stochastic modeling of the biochemical steps that regulate activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase Fus3 reveals that this portion of the pathway can account for the graded-to-binary conversion. To test the validity of the model, genetic approaches are used to alter expression levels of Msg5 and Ste7, two of the proteins that negatively and positively regulate Fus3, respectively. Single cell measurements of the genetically altered cells are shown to be consistent with predictions of the model. Finally, computational modeling is used to investigate the effects of protein turnover on the response of the pathway. We demonstrate that the inclusion of protein turnover can lead to sustained oscillations of protein concentrations in the absence of feedback regulation. Thus, protein turnover can profoundly influence the output of a signaling pathway.
(101354) Albert Lloyd
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Neuronal SNAREs Do Not Trigger Fusion between Synthetic Membranes but Do Promote PEG-Mediated Membrane Fusion
Creators: name: Lentz, Barry R.
name: Brunger, Axel T.
name: Bowen, Mark E.
name: Dennison, S. Moses
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2006

description: At low surface concentrations that permit formation of impermeable membranes, neuronal soluble N-ethyl maleimide sensitive factor attachment protein receptor (SNARE) proteins form a stable, parallel, trans complex when vesicles are brought into contact by a low concentration of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG). Surprisingly, formation of a stable SNARE complex does not trigger fusion under these conditions. However, neuronal SNAREs do promote fusion at low protein/lipid ratios when triggered by higher concentrations of PEG. Promotion of PEG-triggered fusion required phosphatidylserine and depended only on the surface concentration of SNAREs and not on the formation of a trans SNARE complex. These results were obtained at protein surface concentrations reported for synaptobrevin in synaptic vesicles and with an optimally fusogenic lipid composition. At a much higher protein/lipid ratio, vesicles joined by SNARE complex slowly mixed lipids at 37°C in the absence of PEG, in agreement with earlier reports. However, vesicles containing syntaxin at a high protein/lipid ratio (≥1:250) lost membrane integrity. We conclude that the neuronal SNARE complex promotes fusion by joining membranes and that the individual proteins syntaxin and synaptobrevin disrupt membranes so as to favor formation of a stalk complex and to promote conversion of the stalk to a fusion pore. These effects are similar to the effects of viral fusion peptides and transmembrane domains, but they are not sufficient by themselves to produce fusion in our in vitro system at surface concentrations documented to occur in synaptic vesicles. Thus, it is likely that proteins or factors other than the SNARE complex must trigger fusion in vivo.
Funzione biopolitica delle frontiere nell’accoglienza a richiedenti asilo e rifugiati
Creators: name: Zorzetto, Sergio
Publisher: name: Cambio. Rivista sulle Trasformazioni Sociali
Year: 2017

description: Based on the Deleuze and Guattari’s elaboration of the ethnological concept of segmentarity, the article advances an interpretation of the ongoing reorganisation of (Italian) frontiers in response to the international migratory fluxes. From this point of view, the tree and the circle join the line as geometrical metaphors able to give back the structure and the functions of the frontiers and their capacity to articulate state powers (sovereign, disciplinary and biopolitical). The reorganisation of frontiers outlines the construction of a liminal space and time within the national borders in which these state powers are enforced upon migrant populations. It is a sort of internalisation of frontiers that couples with their already highlighted externalisation. Adopting a panoramic glance, the coupled processes of internalisation and externalisation of frontiers draw a transnational and interstate territory. Along this border territory, however discontinuous and stray, migrants flow and through it the contemporary figures of asylum seekers and refugees are constructed.
description: Cambio. Rivista sulle Trasformazioni Sociali, Vol. 6 No. 12 (2016)
(101353) Henry Joseph Lloyd
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
High-energy magnetic excitations in overdoped La$_{2-x}$Sr$_{x}$CuO$_{4}$ studied by neutron and resonant inelastic X-ray scattering
Creators: name: Wakimoto, S.
name: Ishii, K.
name: Kimura, H.
name: Fujita, M.
name: Dellea, G.
name: Kummer, K.
name: Braicovich, L.
name: Ghiringhelli, G.
name: Debeer-Schmitt, L. M.
name: Granroth, G. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have performed neutron inelastic scattering and resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (RIXS) at the Cu-$L_3$ edge to study high-energy magnetic excitations at energy transfers of more than 100 meV for overdoped La$_{2-x}$Sr$_{x}$CuO$_{4}$ with $x=0.25$ ($T_c=15$ K) and $x=0.30$ (non-superconducting) using identical single crystal samples for the two techniques. From constant-energy slices of neutron scattering cross-sections, we have identified magnetic excitations up to ~250 meV for $x=0.25$. Although the width in the momentum direction is large, the peak positions along the (pi, pi) direction agree with the dispersion relation of the spin-wave in the non-doped La$_{2}$CuO$_{4}$ (LCO), which is consistent with the previous RIXS results of cuprate superconductors. Using RIXS at the Cu-$L_3$ edge, we have measured the dispersion relations of the so-called paramagnon mode along both (pi, pi) and (pi, 0) directions. Although in both directions the neutron and RIXS data connect with each other and the paramagnon along (pi, 0) agrees well with the LCO spin-wave dispersion, the paramagnon in the (pi, pi) direction probed by RIXS appears to be less dispersive and the excitation energy is lower than the spin-wave of LCO near (pi/2, pi/2). Thus, our results indicate consistency between neutron inelastic scattering and RIXS, and elucidate the entire magnetic excitation in the (pi, pi) direction by the complementary use of two probes. The polarization dependence of the RIXS profiles indicates that appreciable charge excitations exist in the same energy range of magnetic excitations, reflecting the itinerant character of the overdoped sample. A possible anisotropy in the charge excitation intensity might explain the apparent differences in the paramagnon dispersion in the (pi, pi) direction as detected by the X-ray scattering.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures
Reconsidering the Meaning of Home and the Psycho-social Well-being Perception. A Case Study in a Dutch Neighborhood
Creators: name: Marrone, Vincenzo
Publisher: name: Cambio. Rivista sulle Trasformazioni Sociali
Year: 2017

description: The paper examines the extent to which the meanings given to home and neighborhood are associated with the perceived psycho-social well-being of inhabitants and households, based on a review of the literature and a conceptualization of the meanings of home and neighborhood in various dimensions. The paper analyzes data from a survey conducted in the neighborhood of Barkmolenstraat (Groningen, The Netherlands). Using the factor analysis, two factors indicating meanings of home are distinguished: the home as a “Predictable Environment”, and the home as a “Status”. Four factors indicate neighborhood attachment: sense of belonging, safety, sociability and the feeling of being controlled. The findings from OLS regression analyses show the importance of the home as a “predictable environment” in perceived psycho-social well-being. The sense of belonging to the neighborhood and safety are positively associated with psycho-social well-being, whereas the feeling of being controlled is negatively associated with it.
description: Cambio. Rivista sulle Trasformazioni Sociali, Vol. 6 No. 12 (2016)
(101352) Betsey Lloyd
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Elixir’s biodiversity, food security, & pathogens priority area
Creators: name: Physilia Chua
name: Heil, Katharina F.
name: Maccallum, Peter
name: Pommier, Cyril
name: Waterhouse, Robert M.
name: Manousaki, Tereza
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2024

description: Maintaining biodiversity, ensuring food security, and combating pathogens are critical societal challenges that we are facing. The application of genetics, phenomics and omics data offers powerful solutions to address all three challenges. Addressing these challenges requires coordinated efforts from large research organisations. In Europe, ELIXIR (a European intergovernmental organisation consisting of a Hub and 23 Nodes), coordinates life science resources across Europe to form a single infrastructure. This enables researchers to easily find, access, analyse, share data, and implement best practices, allowing researchers to gain greater insights into how living organisms work. 



The ELIXIR Biodiversity, Food Security, and Pathogens Scientific Priority Area (BFSP) aims to mobilise and integrate omics, genetic and phenomic data to support translational research programmes in these three thematic areas. ELIXIR BFSP will serve as a bridge between these diverse disciplines, facilitating seamless data management, connectivity, and analysis for the research community. This is done through the development of existing ELIXIR Communities, consisting of experts across ELIXIR Nodes and external members in specific scientific areas (Biodiversity, Microbiome, Plant). Members of ELIXIR Communities are also involved in EU-funded projects within the BFSP thematic areas. This includes AgroServ (Integrated SERvices supporting a sustainable AGROecological transition), BGE (Biodiversity Genomics Europe), BY-COVID (BeYond-COVID), and PHENET (Phenotyping & Envirotyping solutions for agroecology). ELIXIR BFSP will strengthen these networks across infrastructures and services, resulting in a coordinated and comprehensive portfolio of activities. This can contribute to addressing the societal challenges of biodiversity loss, threats to food security, and risks posed by pathogens.