cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Lobbing wobec samorządu terytorialnego w Polsce
Creators: name: Piechowicz, Michał
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: administracja samorządowa
administracja rządowa

description: Współczesne wyzwania administracji rządowej i samorządowej, 2013

This article refers to the various forms of lobbying at the level of local government in Poland. It includes the current law and the specific needs of local government in the perspective of cooperation witj interest groups. This aspects are presented in the context of current theories of lobbying. This article also reveals and discuss the complexity of the term „lobbyist” at municipal level and will help to explain who may be the subject of lobbying activities. It will be helpfull to indicate the appropriate recipients of the exact interest representation strategies. An interesting issue to present is the phenomenon of „inter-local government” lobbying which affects the evolutionary concept of the existance of "so called" hierarchy in the specific responsibilities of the structure of local government in Poland.
Hamiltonian Dynamics of Linearly Polarized Gowdy Models Coupled to Massless Scalar Fields
Creators: name: G., J. Fernando Barbero
name: Vergel, Daniel Gómez
name: Villaseñor, Eduardo J. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The purpose of this paper is to analyze in detail the Hamiltonian formulation for the compact Gowdy models coupled to massless scalar fields as a necessary first step towards their quantization. We will pay special attention to the coupling of matter and those features that arise for the three-handle and three-sphere topologies that are not present in the well studied three torus case -in particular the polar constraints that come from the regularity conditions on the metric. As a byproduct of our analysis we will get an alternative understanding, within the Hamiltonian framework, of the appearance of initial and final singularities for these models.
description: Final version to appear in Classical and Quantum Gravity
Search for pseudoscalar bosons decaying into $e^+e^-$ pairs in the NA64 experiment at the CERN SPS
Creators: name: Andreev, Yu. M.
name: Banerjee, D.
name: Bernhard, J.
name: Burtsev, V. E.
name: Charitonidis, N.
name: Chumakov, A. G.
name: Cooke, D.
name: Crivelli, P.
name: Depero, E.
name: Dermenev, A. V.
name: Donskov, S. V.
name: Dusaev, R. R.
name: Enik, T.
name: Feshchenko, A.
name: Frolov, V. N.
name: Gardikiotis, A.
name: Gerassimov, S. G.
name: Gninenko, S. N.
name: Hoesgen, M.
name: Jeckel, M.
name: Kachanov, V. A.
name: Karneyeu, A. E.
name: Kekelidze, G.
name: Ketzer, B.
name: Kirpichnikov, D. V.
name: Kirsanov, M. M.
name: Kolosov, V. N.
name: Konorov, I. V.
name: Kovalenko, S. G.
name: Kramarenko, V. A.
name: Kravchuk, L. V.
name: Krasnikov, N. V.
name: Kuleshov, S. V.
name: Lyubovitskij, V. E.
name: Lysan, V.
name: Matveev, V. A.
name: Mikhailov, Yu. V.
name: Bueno, L. Molina
name: Peshekhonov, D. V.
name: Polyakov, V. A.
name: Radics, B.
name: Rojas, R.
name: Rubbia, A.
name: Samoylenko, V. D.
name: Sieber, H.
name: Shchukin, D.
name: Tikhomirov, V. O.
name: Tlisova, I.
name: Toropin, A. N.
name: Trifonov, A. Yu.
name: Vasilishin, B. I.
name: Arenas, G. Vasquez
name: Volkov, P. V.
name: Volkov, V. Yu.
name: Ulloa, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the results of a search for a light pseudoscalar particle $a$ that couples to electrons and decays to $e^+e^-$ performed using the high-energy CERN SPS H4 electron beam. If such pseudoscalar with a mass $\simeq 17$ MeV exists, it could explain the ATOMKI anomaly. We used the NA64 data samples collected in the "visible mode" configuration with total statistics corresponding to $8.4\times 10^{10}$ electrons on target (EOT) in 2017 and 2018. In order to increase sensitivity to small coupling parameter $ε$ we used also the data collected in 2016-2018 in the "invisible mode" configuration of NA64 with a total statistics corresponding to $2.84\times 10^{11}$ EOT. A thorough analysis of both these data samples in the sense of background and efficiency estimations was already performed and reported in our previous papers devoted to the search for light vector particles and axion-like particles (ALP). In this work we recalculate the signal yields, which are different due to different cross section and life time of a pseudoscalar particle $a$, and perform a new statistical analysis. As a result, the region of the two dimensional parameter space $m_a - ε$ in the mass range from 1 to 17.1 MeV is excluded. At the mass of the ATOMKI anomaly the values of $ε$ in the range $2.1 \times 10^{-4} < ε< 3.2 \times 10^{-4}$ are excluded.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures
Long-wave equation for a confined ferrofluid interface: Periodic interfacial waves as dissipative solitons
Creators: name: Yu, Zongxin
name: Christov, Ivan C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the dynamics of a ferrofluid thin film confined in a Hele-Shaw cell, and subjected to a tilted nonuniform magnetic field. It is shown that the interface between the ferrofluid and an inviscid outer fluid (air) supports traveling waves, governed by a novel modified Kuramoto--Sivashinsky-type equation derived under the long-wave approximation. The balance between energy production and dissipation in this long-wave equations allows for the existence of dissipative solitons. These permanent traveling waves' propagation velocity and profile shape are shown to be tunable via the external magnetic field. A multiple-scale analysis is performed to obtain the correction to the linear prediction of the propagation velocity, and to reveal how the nonlinearity arrests the linear instability. The traveling periodic interfacial waves discovered are identified as fixed points in an energy phase plane. It is shown that transitions between states (wave profiles) occur. These transitions are explained via the spectral stability of the traveling waves. Interestingly, multiperiodic waves, which are a non-integrable analog of the double cnoidal wave, are also found to propagate under the model long-wave equation. These multiperiodic solutions are investigated numerically, and they are found to be long-lived transients, but ultimately abruptly transition to one of the stable periodic states identified.
description: 27 pages, 10 figures, 2 videos; v2: added new appendix E and section 5.1.2 on multiple-scale analysis of velocity correction; v3: minor revisions, accepted for publication in Proceedings of the Royal Society A
Neural population geometry: An approach for understanding biological and artificial neural networks
Creators: name: Chung, SueYeon
name: Abbott, L. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Advances in experimental neuroscience have transformed our ability to explore the structure and function of neural circuits. At the same time, advances in machine learning have unleashed the remarkable computational power of artificial neural networks (ANNs). While these two fields have different tools and applications, they present a similar challenge: namely, understanding how information is embedded and processed through high-dimensional representations to solve complex tasks. One approach to addressing this challenge is to utilize mathematical and computational tools to analyze the geometry of these high-dimensional representations, i.e., neural population geometry. We review examples of geometrical approaches providing insight into the function of biological and artificial neural networks: representation untangling in perception, a geometric theory of classification capacity, disentanglement and abstraction in cognitive systems, topological representations underlying cognitive maps, dynamic untangling in motor systems, and a dynamical approach to cognition. Together, these findings illustrate an exciting trend at the intersection of machine learning, neuroscience, and geometry, in which neural population geometry provides a useful population-level mechanistic descriptor underlying task implementation. Importantly, geometric descriptions are applicable across sensory modalities, brain regions, network architectures and timescales. Thus, neural population geometry has the potential to unify our understanding of structure and function in biological and artificial neural networks, bridging the gap between single neurons, populations and behavior.
description: 8 pages
Leghemoglobins in the genus phaseolus and their significance for nitrogen fixation
Creators: name: Lülsdorf, Monika Magdalena
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Leghemoglobins (Lbs) are important soluble proteins in the legume root nodule formed in response to infection by soil Rhizobium bacteria. With the exception of Phaseolus vulgaris, Lbs generally show structural and functional heterogeneity for their oxygen-binding function in the nodule. P. vulgar is seeds 'Contender' were mutagenized with gamma-rays or ethyl methane sulfonate. Among 1400 M2 offspring derived from the treated plants screened for Lb variability, no mutation in Lb was detected. These observations are consistent with a single active gene for Lb in Phaseolus. Fifty accessions from the genus Phaseolus were screened for Lb variation. P. acutifolius ssp. contained a single Lb component which had a different electrophoretic mobility compared to that in P. vulgar is. P. filiformis showed two Lb bands, both different from P. vulgaris, while P. lunatus was found to contain two major and probably three minor Lb components. These data represent the first report of intra-generic Lb variability in Phaseolus. Using embryo rescue technique, hybrids were produced from P. vulgar is x P. acutifolius ssp. and P. vulgar is x P. filiformis crosses. Rooted cuttings from each hybrid and its parents were used to estimate the nitrogen fixation (acetylene reduction) rate and to determine the total amount of nitrogen accumulated during the growth period. The P. vulgaris x P. filiformis hybrids had a significantly higher nitrogen fixation rate and accumulated more nitrogen than either parent. The P. filiformis parent performed better than the P. vulgar is parent but only in the acetylene reduction test. One of the P. vulgaris x P. acutifolius hybrids also fixed nitrogen at a higher rate than either parent. Leghemoglobin components from a P. filiformis hybrid and from P. lunatus 'Lima Hendersons’ were isolated by cellulose ion-exchange chromatography. The N-terminal amino acid sequence for peak II of the P. filiformis hybrid and peaks I and II from P. lunatus nodules was determined. The first 37 amino acids of each component were identical to the published sequence for P. vulgaris. Mobility and/or functional differences are likely to be found in the sequence nearer the location of the heme cavity. The data of this investigation support the contention that Lb heterogeneity is functional and constitutes an adaptation for more effective nitrogen fixation.
Spin-charge filtering through a spin-orbit coupled quantum dot controlled via an Aharonov-Bohm interferometer
Creators: name: Heary, R. J.
name: Han, J. E.
name: Zhu, Lingyin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that a strongly correlated quantum dot embedded in an Aharonov-Bohm interferometer can be used to filter both charge and spin at zero voltage bias. The magnitude with which the Aharonov-Bohm arm is coupled to the system controls the many-body effects on the quantum dot. When the quantum dot is in the Kondo regime the flow of charge through the system can be tuned by the phase of the Aharonov-Bohm arm, $ϕ_{AB}$. Furthermore when a spin-orbit interaction is present on a Kondo quantum dot we can control the flow of spin by the spin-orbit phase, $ϕ_{SO}$. The existence of the Kondo peak at the Fermi energy makes it possible to control the flow of both charge and spin in the zero voltage bias limit.
description: 8 pages, 10 figures
Detection and blind channel estimation for UAV-aided wireless sensor networks in smart cities under mobile jamming attack
Creators: name: Darsena, Donatella
name: Gelli, Giacinto
name: Iudice, Ivan
name: Verde, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) can be integrated into wireless sensor networks (WSNs) for smart city applications in several ways. Among them, a UAV can be employed as a relay in a "store-carry and forward" fashion by uploading data from ground sensors and metering devices and, then, downloading it to a central unit. However, both the uploading and downloading phases can be prone to potential threats and attacks. As a legacy from traditional wireless networks, the jamming attack is still one of the major and serious threats to UAV-aided communications, especially when also the jammer is mobile, e.g., it is mounted on a UAV or inside a terrestrial vehicle. In this paper, we investigate anti-jamming communications for UAV-aided WSNs operating over doubly-selective channels in the downloading phase. In such a scenario, the signals transmitted by the UAV and the malicious mobile jammer undergo both time dispersion due to multipath propagation effects and frequency dispersion caused by their mobility. To suppress high-power jamming signals, we propose a blind physical-layer technique that jointly detects the UAV and jammer symbols through serial disturbance cancellation based on symbol-level post-sorting of the detector output. Amplitudes, phases, time delays, and Doppler shifts - required to implement the proposed detection strategy - are blindly estimated from data through the use of algorithms that exploit the almost-cyclostationarity properties of the received signal and the detailed structure of multicarrier modulation format. Simulation results corroborate the anti-jamming capabilities of the proposed method, for different mobility scenarios of the jammer.
description: 20 pages, 14 figures, 6 tables, accepted for publication in IEEE Internet of Things Journal
Molecular gas in QSO host galaxies at z>5
Creators: name: Maiolino, R.
name: Neri, R.
name: Beelen, A.
name: Bertoldi, F.
name: Carilli, C. L.
name: Caselli, P.
name: Cox, P.
name: Menten, K. M.
name: Nagao, T.
name: Omont, A.
name: Walmsley, C. M.
name: Walter, F.
name: Weiss, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present observations with the IRAM Plateau de Bure Interferometer of three QSOs at z>5 aimed at detecting molecular gas in their host galaxies as traced by CO transitions. CO (5-4) is detected in SDSSJ033829.31+002156.3 at z=5.0267, placing it amongst the most distant sources detected in CO. The CO emission is unresolved with a beam size of ~1", implying that the molecular gas is contained within a compact region, less than ~3kpc in radius. We infer an upper limit on the dynamical mass of the CO emitting region of ~3x10^10 Msun/sin(i)^2. The comparison with the Black Hole mass inferred from near-IR data suggests that the BH-to-bulge mass ratio in this galaxy is significantly higher than in local galaxies. From the CO luminosity we infer a mass reservoir of molecular gas as high as M(H2)=2.4x10^10 Msun, implying that the molecular gas accounts for a significant fraction of the dynamical mass. When compared to the star formation rate derived from the far-IR luminosity, we infer a very short gas exhaustion timescale (~10^7 yrs), comparable to the dynamical timescale. CO is not detected in the other two QSOs (SDSSJ083643.85+005453.3 and SDSSJ163033.90+401209.6) and upper limits are given for their molecular gas content. When combined with CO observations of other type 1 AGNs, spanning a wide redshift range (05) the CO luminosity appears to saturate. We discuss the implications of these findings in terms of black hole-galaxy co-evolution.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A Letters, 6 pages, 3 figures
Long noncoding RNA SMRG regulates Drosophila macrochaetes by antagonizing scute through E(spl)mβ
Creators: name: Xu, Mengbo
name: Xiang, Yuanhang
name: Liu, Xiaojun
name: Bai, Baoyan
name: Chen, Runsheng
name: Liu, Li
name: Li, Meixia
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: It is obvious that the majority of cellular transcripts are long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs). Although studies suggested that lncRNAs participate in many biological processes through diverse mechanisms, however, little is known about their effects on epidermal mechanoreceptors. Here, we identified one novel Drosophila lncRNA, Scutellar Macrochaetes Regulatory Gene (SMRG), which regulates scutellar macrochaetes that act as mechanoreceptors by antagonizing the proneural gene scute (sc), through the repressor Enhancer-of-split mβ (E(spl)mβ). SMRG deficiency induced supernumerary scutellar macrochaetes and simultaneously a high sc RNA level in the adult thorax. Genetically, sc overexpression enhanced this supernumerary phenotype, while heterozygous sc mutant rescued this phenotype, both of which were mediated by E(spl)mβ. At the molecular level, SMRG recruited E(spl)mβ to the sc promoter region, which in turn suppressed sc expression. Our work presents a novel function of lncRNA and offers insights into the molecular mechanism underlying mechanoreceptor development.
title: Demokratiebegriffe als „Superkonzepte“. Michael Freedens morphologische Analyse von Ideologien als methodisches Werkzeug für die Analyse und Konstruktion von Demokratiebegriffen
title: Notions of Democracy as „Superconcepts“. Michael Freeden’s Morphological Analysis of Ideologies as a Methodological Tool for Analyzing and Constructing Notions of Democracy
Creators: name: Gsänger, Matthias
Publisher: name: Universität Würzburg
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 320 Politikwissenschaft

description: Würzburger Arbeitspapiere zur Politikwissenschaft und Soziologie (WAPS); 11
Statistical Inference with M-Estimators on Adaptively Collected Data
Creators: name: Zhang, Kelly W.
name: Janson, Lucas
name: Murphy, Susan A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Bandit algorithms are increasingly used in real-world sequential decision-making problems. Associated with this is an increased desire to be able to use the resulting datasets to answer scientific questions like: Did one type of ad lead to more purchases? In which contexts is a mobile health intervention effective? However, classical statistical approaches fail to provide valid confidence intervals when used with data collected with bandit algorithms. Alternative methods have recently been developed for simple models (e.g., comparison of means). Yet there is a lack of general methods for conducting statistical inference using more complex models on data collected with (contextual) bandit algorithms; for example, current methods cannot be used for valid inference on parameters in a logistic regression model for a binary reward. In this work, we develop theory justifying the use of M-estimators -- which includes estimators based on empirical risk minimization as well as maximum likelihood -- on data collected with adaptive algorithms, including (contextual) bandit algorithms. Specifically, we show that M-estimators, modified with particular adaptive weights, can be used to construct asymptotically valid confidence regions for a variety of inferential targets.
Additional file 1 of Targeted high mean arterial pressure aggravates cerebral hemodynamics after extracorporeal resuscitation in swine
Creators: name: Levy, Yael
name: Hutin, Alice
name: Lidouren, Fanny
name: Polge, Nicolas
name: Fernandez, Rocio
name: Kohlhauer, Matthias
name: Leger, Pierre-Louis
name: Debaty, Guillaume
name: Lurie, Keith
name: Lamhaut, Lionel
name: Ghaleh, Bijan
name: Tissier, Renaud
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: Medicine
Neuroscience
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 1. Supplemental Table I: P values of the contingency table of the two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) for repeated measures with group, time effect and group x time interaction effects for the different investigated parameters after cardiac arrest.
Statistical mechanical analysis of the linear vector channel in digital communication
Creators: name: Takeda, Koujin
name: Hatabu, Atsushi
name: Kabashima, Yoshiyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A statistical mechanical framework to analyze linear vector channel models in digital wireless communication is proposed for a large system. The framework is a generalization of that proposed for code-division multiple-access systems in Europhys. Lett. 76 (2006) 1193 and enables the analysis of the system in which the elements of the channel transfer matrix are statistically correlated with each other. The significance of the proposed scheme is demonstrated by assessing the performance of an existing model of multi-input multi-output communication systems.
description: 15 pages, 2 figures
APEX: A High-Performance Learned Index on Persistent Memory
Creators: name: Lu, Baotong
name: Ding, Jialin
name: Lo, Eric
name: Minhas, Umar Farooq
name: Wang, Tianzheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The recently released persistent memory (PM) offers high performance, persistence, and is cheaper than DRAM. This opens up new possibilities for indexes that operate and persist data directly on the memory bus. Recent learned indexes exploit data distribution and have shown great potential for some workloads. However, none support persistence or instant recovery, and existing PM-based indexes typically evolve B+-trees without considering learned indexes. This paper proposes APEX, a new PM-optimized learned index that offers high performance, persistence, concurrency, and instant recovery. APEX is based on ALEX, a state-of-the-art updatable learned index, to combine and adapt the best of past PM optimizations and learned indexes, allowing it to reduce PM accesses while still exploiting machine learning. Our evaluation on Intel DCPMM shows that APEX can perform up to ~15x better than existing PM indexes and can recover from failures in ~42ms.
description: To appear at VLDB 2022 (PVLDB Vol. 15 Issue 3)
Polityka energetyczna UE i jej wpływ na politykę zagraniczną Polski
Creators: name: Piechowicz, Michał
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: UE
Unia Europejska
polityka energetyczna

description: Polityka zagraniczna III RP – tom 2: stosunki polityczne i gospodarcze, 2011

The main goal of this essay is to give a general outlook on the Common Energy Policy of the European Union. It analyses the beginnings of this policy in the 1990’s as well as both law and political approach at present. This background is necessary to measure the engagement of Polish diplomacy in the realization (or contesting) of the EU Common Energy Policy.
Deep Learning Based Steel Pipe Weld Defect Detection
Creators: name: Yang, Dingming
name: Cui, Yanrong
name: Yu, Zeyu
name: Yuan, Hongqiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.4.0; I.2.10
subject: 68T07, 65D19

description: Steel pipes are widely used in high-risk and high-pressure scenarios such as oil, chemical, natural gas, shale gas, etc. If there is some defect in steel pipes, it will lead to serious adverse consequences. Applying object detection in the field of deep learning to pipe weld defect detection and identification can effectively improve inspection efficiency and promote the development of industrial automation. Most predecessors used traditional computer vision methods applied to detect defects of steel pipe weld seams. However, traditional computer vision methods rely on prior knowledge and can only detect defects with a single feature, so it is difficult to complete the task of multi-defect classification, while deep learning is end-to-end. In this paper, the state-of-the-art single-stage object detection algorithm YOLOv5 is proposed to be applied to the field of steel pipe weld defect detection, and compared with the two-stage representative object detection algorithm Faster R-CNN. The experimental results show that applying YOLOv5 to steel pipe weld defect detection can greatly improve the accuracy, complete the multi-classification task, and meet the criteria of real-time detection.
description: 17 pages,8 figures
Density of bulk trap states in organic semiconductor crystals: discrete levels induced by oxygen in rubrene
Creators: name: Krellner, C.
name: Haas, S.
name: Goldmann, C.
name: Pernstich, K. P.
name: Gundlach, D. J.
name: Batlogg, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The density of trap states in the bandgap of semiconducting organic single crystals has been measured quantitatively and with high energy resolution by means of the experimental method of temperature-dependent space-charge-limited-current spectroscopy (TD-SCLC). This spectroscopy has been applied to study bulk rubrene single crystals, which are shown by this technique to be of high chemical and structural quality. A density of deep trap states as low as ~ 10^{15} cm^{-3} is measured in the purest crystals, and the exponentially varying shallow trap density near the band edge could be identified (1 decade in the density of states per ~25 meV). Furthermore, we have induced and spectroscopically identified an oxygen related sharp hole bulk trap state at 0.27 eV above the valence band.
description: published in Phys. Rev. B, high quality figures: http://www.cpfs.mpg.de/~krellner/
The New Generation Planetary Population Synthesis (NGPPS). IV. Planetary systems around low-mass stars
Creators: name: Burn, Remo
name: Schlecker, Martin
name: Mordasini, Christoph
name: Emsenhuber, Alexandre
name: Alibert, Yann
name: Henning, Thomas
name: Klahr, Hubert
name: Benz, Willy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Previous work concerning planet formation around low-mass stars has often been limited to large planets and individual systems. As current surveys routinely detect planets down to terrestrial size in these systems, a more holistic approach that reflects their diverse architectures is timely. Here, we investigate planet formation around low-mass stars and identify differences in the statistical distribution of planets. We compare the synthetic planet populations to observed exoplanets. We used the Generation III Bern model of planet formation and evolution to calculate synthetic populations varying the central star from solar-like stars to ultra-late M dwarfs. This model includes planetary migration, N-body interactions between embryos, accretion of planetesimals and gas, and long-term contraction and loss of the gaseous atmospheres. We find that temperate, Earth-sized planets are most frequent around early M dwarfs and more rare for solar-type stars and late M dwarfs. The planetary mass distribution does not linearly scale with the disk mass. The reason is the emergence of giant planets for M*>0.5 Msol, which leads to the ejection of smaller planets. For M*>0.3 Msol there is sufficient mass in the majority of systems to form Earth-like planets, leading to a similar amount of Exo-Earths going from M to G dwarfs. In contrast, the number of super-Earths and larger planets increases monotonically with stellar mass. We further identify a regime of disk parameters that reproduces observed M-dwarf systems such as TRAPPIST-1. However, giant planets around late M dwarfs such as GJ 3512b only form when type I migration is substantially reduced. We quantify the stellar mass dependence of multi-planet systems using global simulations of planet formation and evolution. The results compare well to current observational data and predicts trends that can be tested with future observations.
description: Updated references, corrected inverted colorbar in Fig. 1. Data available on dace.unige.ch -> Formation & evolution
On The Capacity of Surfaces in Manifolds with Nonnegative Scalar Curvature
Creators: name: Bray, Hubert
name: Miao, Pengzi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 83C99, 53C20

description: Given a surface in an asymptotically flat 3-manifold with nonnegative scalar curvature, we derive an upper bound for the capacity of the surface in terms of the area of the surface and the Willmore functional of the surface. The capacity of a surface is defined to be the energy of the harmonic function which equals 0 on the surface and goes to 1 at infinity. Even in the special case of Euclidean space, this is a new estimate. More generally, equality holds precisely for a spherically symmetric sphere in a spatial Schwarzschild 3-manifold. As applications, we obtain inequalities relating the capacity of the surface to the Hawking mass of the surface and the total mass of the asymptotically flat manifold.
description: 18 pages
The structure of sunspot penumbrae IV. MHS equilibrium for penumbral flux tubes and the origin of dark core penumbral filaments and penumbral grains
Creators: name: Borrero, J. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the magnetohydrostatic equilibrium of magnetic flux tubes with circular cross sections embedded in a magnetic surrounding atmosphere. We solve the static momentum equation in 2.5D to obtain the thermodynamics that are consistent with a prescribed velocity and magnetic fields. We show that force balance is roughly satisfied if the flux tube's magnetic field is aligned with its axis. Equilibrium is guaranteed if this magnetic field possesses a transverse component. Several forms of this transverse field are investigated. The resulting magnetic field configurations are critically reviewed in terms of the results from spectropolarimetric observations. The thermodynamic structure that allows the flux tube to be in mechanical equilibrium is also calculated. We show that the inferred pressure, density and temperature stratification reproduce intensity features similar to dark core penumbral filaments and penumbral grains.
description: Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics. 10 pages, 7 figures (3 color figures)
Magnetogenesis From Baryon Asymmetry During an Early Matter Dominated Era
Creators: name: Elahi, Fatemeh
name: Mehrabpour, Hadi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we study the simultaneous evolution of baryon asymmetry and hypermagnetic field amplitude assuming an early matter domination. We contrast our results to the conventional case where radiation domination during early universe is assumed. We show that the baryon asymmetry and the hypermagntic field amplitude can change by orders of magnitude if we assume a non-standard history of cosmology. That is because the Hubble rate determines which processes are efficient. We find that a change in Hubble rate can have a significant impact on when the weak sphalerons become active. As a result of a change in the evolution of baryonic asymmetry, alters the evolution of hypermagnetic field amplitude. It is known that if the hypermagnetic field amplitude is large enough, it can save the baryon asymmetry from diminishing. We show that whether a small seed of hypermagnetic field amplitude can be amplified to a large enough value will strongly depend on the history of cosmology.
description: 15 pages, 10 figures
Phase coherence, inelastic scattering, and interaction corrections in pumping through quantum dots
Creators: name: Fioretto, Davide
name: Silva, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Adiabatic quantum pumping in noninteracting, phase coherent quantum dots is elegantly described by Brouwer's formula. Interactions within the dot, while suppressing phase coherence, make Brouwer's formalism inapplicable. In this paper, we discuss the nature of the physical processes forcing a description of pumping beyond Brouwer's formula, and develop, using a controlled adiabatic expansion, a useful formalism to study the effect of interactions within a generic perturbative scheme. The pumped current consists of a first contribution, analogous to Brouwer's formula and accounting for the remanent coherence, and of interaction corrections describing inelastic scattering. We apply the formalism to study the effect of interaction with a bosonic bath on a resonant level pump and discuss the robustness of the quantization of the pumped charge in turnstile cycles.
description: 4.1 pages, 1 figure, revised version
On the irrelevant disorder regime of pinning models
Creators: name: Giacomin, Giambattista
name: Toninelli, Fabio Lucio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60K35, 60K37, 60K05, 82B41, 82B44 (Primary)

description: Recent results have lead to substantial progress in understanding the role of disorder in the (de)localization transition of polymer pinning models. Notably, there is an understanding of the crucial issue of disorder relevance and irrelevance that is now rigorous. In this work, we exploit interpolation and replica coupling methods to obtain sharper results on the irrelevant disorder regime of pinning models. In particular, in this regime, we compute the first order term in the expansion of the free energy close to criticality and this term coincides with the first order of the formal expansion obtained by field theory methods. We also show that the quenched and quenched averaged correlation length exponents coincide, while, in general, they are expected to be different. Interpolation and replica coupling methods in this class of models naturally lead to studying the behavior of the intersection of certain renewal sequences and one of the main tools in this work is precisely renewal theory and the study of these intersection renewals.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/09-AOP454 the Annals of Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aop/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Quantum Information from Graviton-Matter Gas
Creators: name: Glinka, Lukasz-Andrzej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present basics of conceptually new-type way for explaining of the origin, evolution and current physical properties of our Universe from the graviton-matter gas viewpoint. Quantization method for the Friedmann-Lemaitre Universe based on the canonical Hamilton equations of motion is proposed and quantum information theory way to physics of the Universe is showed. The current contribution from the graviton-matter gas temperature in quintessence approximation is discussed.
description: This is a contribution to the Proc. of the Seventh International Conference ''Symmetry in Nonlinear Mathematical Physics'' (June 24-30, 2007, Kyiv, Ukraine), published in SIGMA (Symmetry, Integrability and Geometry: Methods and Applications) at http://www.emis.de/journals/SIGMA/
Light vector dark matter with scalar mediator and muon g-2 anomaly
Creators: name: Ghorbani, Karim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a model with a vector dark matter (DM) candidate interacting with the SM charged leptons through a scalar portal. The dark matter candidate acquires mass when the complex scalar breaks an abelian gauge symmetry spontaneously. The scalar interacts with the SM charged leptons through a dimension-6 operator. The scalar mediator induces elastic scattering of dark matter with electrons at tree level and also DM-nucleon interaction when the effects from scalar-Higgs mixing are also taken into account. Given the recent results from Xenon1T upper bounds on DM-electron elastic scattering cross section where the strongest sensitivity lies in the range $\sim {\cal O}$(1) GeV, we find the viable space in the parameter space respecting constraints from the observed relic density, direct detection, muon $(g_μ-2)$ anomaly, $e^+ e^-$ colliders, electron beam-dump experiments and astrophysical observables. It is shown that the current upper bounds of Xenon1T on DM-electron interaction is partially sensitive to the regions in the viable parameter space which is already excluded by the electron beam-dump experiment, Orsay. We also find that there are viable DM particles with masses $\sim {\cal O}(1)$ GeV evading the direct detection but stand well above the neutrino floor. Almost the same viable regions are found when we apply the direct detection upper limits on the DM-proton spin-independent cross section.
description: 20 pages, 6 figures- version accepted for publication in PRD
Coupling of transverse and longitudinal response in stiff polymers
Creators: name: Obermayer, Benedikt
name: Hallatschek, Oskar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The time-dependent transverse response of stiff polymers, represented as weakly-bending wormlike chains (WLCs), is well-understood on the linear level, where transverse degrees of freedom evolve independently from the longitudinal ones. We show that, beyond a characteristic time scale, the nonlinear coupling of transverse and longitudinal motion in an inextensible WLC significantly weakens the polymer response compared to the widely used linear response predictions. The corresponding feedback mechanism is rationalized by scaling arguments and quantified by a multiple scale approach that exploits an inherent separation of transverse and longitudinal correlation length scales. Crossover scaling laws and exact analytical and numerical solutions for characteristic response quantities are derived for different experimentally relevant setups. Our findings are applicable to cytoskeletal filaments as well as DNA under tension.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, 1 table; final version
Automated calculations for multi-leg processes
Creators: name: Weinzierl, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The search for signals of new physics at the forthcoming LHC experiments involves the analysis of final states characterised by a high number of hadronic jets or identified particles. Precise theoretical predictions for these processes require the computation of scattering amplitudes with a large number of external particles and beyond leading order in perturbation theory. The complexity of a calculation grows with the number of internal loops as well as with the number of external legs. Automatisation of at least next-to-leading order calculations for LHC processes is therefore a timely task. I will discuss various approaches.
description: 43 pages, plenary talk given at the ACAT 07 conference, Amsterdam, 2007; v2: references added
Bubble of nothing decays of unstable theories
Creators: name: Draper, Patrick
name: Garcia, Isabel Garcia
name: Lillard, Benjamin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Theories with compact extra dimensions are sometimes unstable to decay into a bubble of nothing -- an instability resulting in the destruction of spacetime. We investigate the existence of these bubbles in theories where the moduli fields that set the size of the extra dimensions are stabilized at a positive vacuum energy -- a necessary ingredient of any theory that aspires to describe the real world. Using bottom-up methods, and focusing on a five-dimensional toy model, we show that four-dimensional de Sitter vacua admit bubbles of nothing for a wide class of stabilizing potentials. We show that, unlike ordinary Coleman-De Luccia tunneling, the corresponding decay rate remains non-zero in the limit of vanishing vacuum energy. Potential implications include a lower bound on the size of compactified dimensions.
description: references added; matches journal version
Clinical Aspects of Pulmonary Adenomatosis
Creators: name: Bohlender, Robert E.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 1981

description: The condition was diagnosed as Pulmonary Adenomatosis also referred to as Acute Bovine Pulmonary Emphysema, Atypical Intersitial Pneumonia, Acute Alveolar Emphysema and Edema, among others
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 1981
Supergiant Fast X-ray Transients: A common behaviour or a class of objects?
Creators: name: Negueruela, Ignacio
name: Smith, David M.
name: Torrejon, Jose Miguel
name: Reig, Pablo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: INTEGRAL monitoring of the Galactic Plane is revealing a growing number of recurrent X-ray transients, characterised by short outbursts with very fast rise times (~ tens of minutes) and typical durations of a few hours. A substantial fraction of these sources are associated with OB supergiants and hence define a new class of massive X-ray binaries, which we call Supergiant Fast X-ray Transients. Characterisation of the astrophysical parameters of their counterparts is underway. So far, we have found a number of late O and early B supergiants of different luminosities at a large range of distances. Nothing in their optical properties sets them apart from classical Supergiant X-ray Binaries. On the other hand, there is now rather concluding evidence that persistent supergiant X-ray binaries also show fast outbursts. This suggests a continuum of behaviours between typical persistent supergiant systems and purely transient systems, but offers very little information about the physical causes of the outbursts.
description: To appear in ''Proceedings of the 6th Integral Workshop "The obscured Universe", Moscow, July 3-7 2006'' (replaced with refereed version 10 May 07). Best viewed in PDF format
The role of the $Λ(1405)$ in the $pp\to p K^+Λ(1405)$ reaction
Creators: name: Geng, L. S.
name: Oset, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a theoretical study of the $pp\to p K^+Λ(1405)$ reaction, which was recently investigated at COSY-Jülich by using a 3.65 GeV/c circulating proton beam incident on an internal hydrogen target. The reaction is driven by single kaon exchange, single pion exchange, and single rho exchange terms which have very different shapes due to the two pole structure of the $Λ(1405)$ and the presence of background terms. The shape for the sum of the three contributions, as well as the total cross section, are consistent with present data within experimental and theoretical uncertainties, using reasonable form factors for the meson-baryon vertices.
description: version to appear in European Physical Journal A; theoretical uncertainties reanalyzed, data updated according to the experiment
TedNet: A Pytorch Toolkit for Tensor Decomposition Networks
Creators: name: Pan, Yu
name: Wang, Maolin
name: Xu, Zenglin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Tensor Decomposition Networks (TDNs) prevail for their inherent compact architectures. To give more researchers a flexible way to exploit TDNs, we present a Pytorch toolkit named TedNet. TedNet implements 5 kinds of tensor decomposition(i.e., CANDECOMP/PARAFAC (CP), Block-Term Tucker (BTT), Tucker-2, Tensor Train (TT) and Tensor Ring (TR) on traditional deep neural layers, the convolutional layer and the fully-connected layer. By utilizing the basic layers, it is simple to construct a variety of TDNs. TedNet is available at https://github.com/tnbar/tednet.
description: Accepted in Neurocomputing
Linear algebra and differential geometry on abstract Hilbert space
Creators: name: Kryukov, Alexey A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 46C05; 46F12; 46T05; 81Q70

description: Isomorphisms of separable Hilbert spaces are analogous to isomorphisms of n-dimensional vector spaces. However, while n-dimensional spaces in applications are always realized as the Euclidean space R^n, Hilbert spaces admit various useful realizations as spaces of functions. In the paper this simple observation is used to construct a fruitful formalism of local coordinates on Hilbert manifolds. Images of charts on manifolds in the formalism are allowed to belong to arbitrary Hilbert spaces of functions including spaces of generalized functions. Tensor equations then describe families of functional equations on various spaces of functions. The formalism itself and its applications in linear algebra, differential equations and differential geometry are analyzed.
description: 37 pages, 3 figures, see http://www.uwc.edu/dept/math/faculty/kryukov/ for additional applications