cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
(1+1)-dimensional gauge symmetric gravity model and related exact black hole and cosmological solutions in string theory
Creators: name: Hoseinzadeh, S.
name: Rezaei-Aghdam, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a four-dimensional extension of the Poincaré algebra $(\mathcal{N})$ in (1+1)-dimensional space-time and obtain a (1+1)-dimensional gauge symmetric gravity model using the algebra $\mathcal{N}$. We show that the obtained gravity model is dual (canonically transformed) to the (1+1)-dimensional anti de Sitter ($AdS$) gravity. We also obtain some black hole and Friedmann-Robertson-Walker (FRW) solutions by solving its classical equations of motion. Then, we study $\frac{\mathbf{A}_{\mathbf{4,8}}}{\mathbf{A}_{\mathbf{1}}\otimes \mathbf{A}_{\mathbf{1}}}$ gauged Wess-Zumino-Witten (WZW) model and obtain some exact black hole and cosmological solutions in string theory. We show that some obtained black hole and cosmological metrics in string theory are same as the metrics obtained in solutions of our gauge symmetric gravity model.
description: 15 pages. Section 4 is rewritten and 2 refs. are added
The classification of linked $3$-manifolds in $6$-space
Creators: name: Avvakumov, Sergey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $M_1$ and $M_2$ be closed connected orientable $3$-manifolds. We classify the sets of smooth and piecewise linear isotopy classes of embeddings $M_1\sqcup M_2\rightarrow S^6$.
The set of $k$-units modulo $n$
Creators: name: Castillo, John H.
name: Mainguez, Jhony Fernando Caranguay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11A05, 11A07, 11A15, 16U60

description: Let $R$ be a ring with identity, $\mathcal{U}(R)$ the group of units of $R$ and $k$ a positive integer. We say that $a\in \mathcal{U}(R)$ is $k$-unit if $a^k=1$. Particularly, if the ring $R$ is $\mathbb{Z}_n$, for a positive integer $n$, we will say that $a$ is a $k$-unit modulo $n$. We denote with $\mathcal{U}_k(n)$ the set of $k$-units modulo $n$. By $\text{du}_k(n)$ we represent the number of $k$-units modulo $n$ and with $\text{rdu}_k(n)=\frac{ϕ(n)}{\text{du}_k(n)}$ the ratio of $k$-units modulo $n$, where $ϕ$ is the Euler phi function. Recently, S. K. Chebolu proved that the solutions of the equation $\text{rdu}_2(n)=1$ are the divisors of $24$. The main result of this work, is that for a given $k$, we find the positive integers $n$ such that $\text{rdu}_k(n)=1$. Finally, we give some connections of this equation with Carmichael's numbers and two of its generalizations: Knödel numbers and generalized Carmichael numbers.
Strong couplings and form factors of charmed mesons in holographic QCD
Creators: name: Ballon-Bayona, Alfonso
name: Krein, Gastao
name: Miller, Carlisson
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extend the two-flavor hard-wall holographic model of Erlich, Katz, Son and Stephanov [Phys.\ Rev.\ Lett.\ {\bf 95}, 261602 (2005)] to four flavors to incorporate strange and charm quarks. The model incorporates chiral and flavor symmetry breaking and provides a reasonable description of masses and weak decay constants of a variety of scalar, pseudoscalar, vector and axial-vector strange and charmed mesons. In particular, we examine flavor symmetry breaking in the strong couplings of the $ρ$ meson to the charmed $D$ and $D^{*}$ mesons. We also compute electromagnetic form factors of the $π$, $ρ$, $K$, $K^*$, $D$ and $D^*$ mesons. We compare our results for the $D$ and $D^*$ mesons with lattice QCD data and other nonperturbative approaches.
description: 18 pages, 8 figures. V3: Added 3 new references. Version published in Phys. Rev. D
Calidad, equidad y desarrollo social retos de la universidad del siglo XXI
Creators: name: Valverde Luján, Daniel Alejandro
Publisher: name: FILHA
Year: 2023

description: Hasta hace poco tiempo se efectuaron severas críticas al concepto de calidad en la universidad. Algunos arguyen que su nivel responde y está en consonancia con las disputas libradas en las esferas económicas y políticas, donde la competitividad, el individualismo y el elitismo, encarnan la búsqueda de alternativas posibles de excelencia en tanto que algunos otros pedagogos consideran que las propuestas de calidad con equidad favorecen capitalmente a los estudiantes que tienen mayores facilidades de autoaprendizaje o a los que provienen de sectores desfavorecidos. Si así fuera, la calidad en materia educativa estaría falseada por estrategias pedagógicas que no provean métodos que respalden el desarrollo de las competencias con equidad, donde el progreso individual y grupal a través del auto aprendizaje puedan permitir a sus actores llegar hasta donde cada uno quiera y pueda lograr. Until recently, severe criticism was made of the concept of quality in the university. Some argue that its level responds and is in line with the disputes waged in the economic and political spheres, where competitiveness, individualism and elitism embody the search for possible alternatives of excellence, while some pedagogues consider that quality proposals with equity, they capitally favor students who have greater self-learning facilities and come from disadvantaged sectors. If so, the quality of education would be falsified by pedagogical strategies that do not provide methods that support the development of competencies with equity, where individual and group progress plus self-learning can allow their actors to reach as far as each of them want to reach.
description: FILHA, Vol. 17 Núm. 26 (2022): Vol. 17. Núm. 26. Enero-julio 2022
How Dark Matter Came to Matter
Creators: name: de Swart, Jaco
name: Bertone, Gianfranco
name: van Dongen, Jeroen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The history of the dark matter problem can be traced back to at least the 1930s, but it was not until the early 1970s that the issue of 'missing matter' was widely recognized as problematic. In the latter period, previously separate issues involving missing mass were brought together in a single anomaly. We argue that reference to a straightforward 'accumulation of evidence' alone is inadequate to comprehend this episode. Rather, the rise of cosmological research, the accompanying renewed interest in the theory of relativity and changes in the manpower division of astronomy in the 1960s are key to understanding how dark matter came to matter. At the same time, this story may also enlighten us on the methodological dimensions of past practices of physics and cosmology.
description: Accepted for publication in Nature Astronomy. Corrected typo
Nitinol wire heat engine
Creators: name: Roberts, AJ
name: Webster, Bo
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018

description: The purpose of this project was to improve upon a design created by McDonnell Douglas
Astronautics Company in 1978 for a Nitinol wire heat engine. The goal of our project was to
design, build, and test a one-unit cell heat engine and prove that it would be capable of recycling
low temperature waste heat (~ 90°C).
Nitinol has the unique property of shape memory which allows it to take a specific,
predetermined shape at high temperatures. This project utilizes that property to harness waste
heat and convert it to electricity via a heat engine and generator. To determine if the project
would be economically viable, the power output must be enough to recoup the material expenses.
Although the efficiency of shape memory alloy (SMA) heat engines is low, the supply of waste
heat is vast, thus with enough cycles, the project can be deemed economically successful.
This document highlights the parameters behind sizing materials, material selection and
placement, and finally theoretical power output and cost analysis.
$N$-soliton formula and blowup result of the Wadati-Konno-Ichikawa equation
Creators: name: Liu, Hsiao-Fan
name: Shimabukuro, Yusuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We formulate the $N$ soliton solution of the Wadati-Konno-Ichikawa equation that is determined by purely algebraic equations. Derivation is based on the matrix Riemann-Hilbert problem. We give examples of one soliton solution that include smooth soliton, bursting soliton, and loop type soliton. In addition, we give an explicit example for two soliton solution that blows up in a finite time.
description: 17 pages
Coined Quantum Walks as Quantum Markov Chains
Creators: name: Portugal, Renato
name: Segawa, Etsuo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the equivalence between discrete-time coined quantum walks and Szegedy's quantum walks. We characterize a class of flip-flop coined models with generalized Grover coin on a graph $Γ$ that can be directly converted into Szegedy's model on the subdivision graph of $Γ$ and we describe a method to convert one model into the other. This method improves previous results in literature that need to use the staggered model and the concept of line graph, which are avoided here.
description: 10 pages, 4 figs
On large deviations of interface motions for statistical mechanics models
Creators: name: Bertini, Lorenzo
name: Buttà, Paolo
name: Pisante, Adriano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 82C24, 60F10, 53C44

description: We discuss the sharp interface limit of the action functional associated to either the Glauber dynamics for Ising systems with Kac potentials or the Glauber+Kawasaki process. The corresponding limiting functionals, for which we provide explicit formulae of the mobility and transport coefficients, describe the large deviations asymptotics with respect to the mean curvature flow.
description: 32 pages
Assigning times to minimise reachability in temporal graphs
Creators: name: Enright, Jessica
name: Meeks, Kitty
name: Skerman, Fiona
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Temporal graphs (in which edges are active at specified times) are of particular relevance for spreading processes on graphs, e.g.~the spread of disease or dissemination of information. Motivated by real-world applications, modification of static graphs to control this spread has proven a rich topic for previous research. Here, we introduce a new type of modification for temporal graphs: the number of active times for each edge is fixed, but we can change the relative order in which (sets of) edges are active. We investigate the problem of determining an ordering of edges that minimises the maximum number of vertices reachable from any single starting vertex; epidemiologically, this corresponds to the worst-case number of vertices infected in a single disease outbreak. We study two versions of this problem, both of which we show to be $\NP$-hard, and identify cases in which the problem can be solved or approximated efficiently.
description: Author final version, to appear in Journal of Computer and System Sciences. Material from the previous version has been reorganised substantially, and some results have been strengthened
title: Modification of phosphoric acid with polyphenol-rich plant extracts: assessment of bond strength to non-eroded and eroded dentine
Creators: name: Zayed, Mohamed Ahmed Said
Publisher: name: Universität Bern
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 610 Medicine & health

description: This study aimed at developing phosphoric acids modified with different polyphenol-rich plant extracts and to verify their effect on the 24h shear bond strength (SBS) to non-eroded and eroded dentine. In this view, the groups contained experimental phosphoric acid (PA), either plain or modified with polyphenol-rich plant extracts, and a commercially available phosphoric acid was used as positive control. The groups were: 1) LabPA (37% phosphoric acid prepared in the laboratory); 2) PA-GSE (LabPA+2% Grape seed extract); 3) PA-Blueberry (LabPA+2% Blueberry extract); 4) PA-Cranberry (LabPA+2% Cranberry extract); 5) PA-GT (LabPA+2% Green tea extract); 6) CommPA (commercial PA, Kerr Gel Etchant, 37.5% phosphoric acid). For SBS, a total of 192 dentine specimens were prepared from sound extracted permanent human molars, by grounding the teeth until the mid-coronal dentine. All specimens underwent a standard smear layer, half of them were straight restored (non-eroded dentine, n=96) and the other half underwent erosion challenge (eroded dentine, n=96; 10 cycles of 1h exposure to human saliva followed by 5 min immersion in 1% citric acid). Consequently, 96 non-eroded and 96 eroded specimens were etched (15s) with the PAs, according to the experimental groups (n=16 specimens/group) and subjected to an etch-and-rinse adhesive system, followed by standardized restoration with a composite resin. After 24 h incubation in humid chamber, the specimens were subjected to SBS using a universal testing machine. The failure mode of each specimen was determined under a stereomicroscope and described qualitatively. Data was analysed with Q-Q plots, Shapiro-Wilk and Levene’s tests for normality and equality of variances, and General Linear Model (GLM) with SBScalc as outcome variable, and “Acid Group” and “Presence of Erosion” as factors. Both factors individually caused an effect to the outcome (p<0.001), but there was no interaction between the factors (p=0.818). All LabPAs (modified or not with plant extracts) had higher SBS than CommPA, and the presence of extract did not influence the results. Non-eroded dentine had significantly higher SBS than eroded specimens. In conclusion, erosion decreases SBS, and the addition of plant extracts did not influence SBS after 24h of restoration.
Group least squares regression for linear models with strongly correlated predictor variables
Creators: name: Tsao, Min
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 62J05, 62J12

description: Traditionally, the least squares regression is mainly concerned with studying the effects of individual predictor variables, but strongly correlated variables generate multicollinearity which makes it difficult to study their effects. Existing methods for handling multicollinearity such as ridge regression are complicated. To resolve the multicollinearity issue without abandoning the simple least squares regression, for situations where predictor variables are in groups with strong within-group correlations but weak between-group correlations, we propose to study the effects of the groups with a group approach to the least squares regression. Using an all positive correlations arrangement of the strongly correlated variables, we first characterize group effects that are meaningful and can be accurately estimated. We then present the group approach with numerical examples and demonstrate its advantages over existing methods for handling multicollinearity. We also address a common misconception about prediction accuracy of the least squares estimated model and discuss through an example similar group effects in generalized linear models.
description: 35 pages, 1 figure
Towards efficient and secure quantum-classical communication networks
Creators: name: Zeng, Pei
name: Bandyopadhyay, Debayan
name: Méndez, José A. Méndez
name: Bitner, Nolan
name: Kolar, Alexander
name: Solomon, Michael T.
name: Heremans, F. Joseph
name: Awschalom, David D.
name: Jiang, Liang
name: Liu, Junyu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The rapid advancement of quantum technologies calls for the design and deployment of quantum-safe cryptographic protocols and communication networks. There are two primary approaches to achieving quantum-resistant security: quantum key distribution (QKD) and post-quantum cryptography (PQC). While each offers unique advantages, both have drawbacks in practical implementation. In this work, we introduce the pros and cons of these protocols and explore how they can be combined to achieve a higher level of security and/or improved performance in key distribution. We hope our discussion inspires further research into the design of hybrid cryptographic protocols for quantum-classical communication networks.
description: 4 pages, a blue print paper, Submission for IEEE 2024 IEEE Workshop on Quantum IntelLigence, Learning & Security (QUILLS), https://sites.google.com/pitt.edu/quills/home
Topological dualities in the Ising model
Creators: name: Freed, Daniel S.
name: Teleman, Constantin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We relate two classical dualities in low-dimensional quantum field theory: Kramers-Wannier duality of the Ising and related lattice models in $2$ dimensions, with electromagnetic duality for finite gauge theories in $3$ dimensions. The relation is mediated by the notion of boundary field theory: Ising models are boundary theories for pure gauge theory in one dimension higher. Thus the Ising order/disorder operators are endpoints of Wilson/'t Hooft defects of gauge theory. Symmetry breaking on low-energy states reflects the multiplicity of topological boundary states. In the process we describe lattice theories as (extended) topological field theories with boundaries and domain walls. This allows us to generalize the duality to non-abelian groups; finite, semi-simple Hopf algebras; and, in a different direction, to finite homotopy theories in arbitrary dimension.
description: 62 pages, 22 figures; v2 adds important reference [S]; v2 has reworked introduction, additional reference [KS], and minor changes; v4 for publication in Geometry and Topology has all new figures and a few minor changes and additional references
New parameterization of the effective field theory motivated relativistic mean field model
Creators: name: Kumar, Bharat
name: Singh, S. K.
name: Agrawal, B. K.
name: Patra, S. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new parameter set is generated for finite and infinite nuclear system within the effective field theory motivated relativistic mean field (ERMF) formalism. The isovector part of the ERMF model employed in the present study includes the coupling of nucleons to the δ and \r{ho} mesons and the cross-coupling of \r{ho} mesons to the σ and ω mesons. The results for the finite and infinite nuclear systems obtained using our parameter set are in harmony with the available experimental data. We find the maximum mass of the neutron star to be 2.03M\odot? and yet a relatively smaller radius at the canonical mass, 12.69 km, as required by the available data.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, Accepted Nucl. Phys. A
Complete diagrammatics of the single ring theorem
Creators: name: Nowak, Maciej A.
name: Tarnowski, Wojciech
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Using diagrammatic techniques, we provide explicit functional relations between the cumulant generating functions for the biunitarily invariant ensembles in the limit of large size of matrices. The formalism allows to map two distinct areas of free random variables: Hermitian positive definite operators and non-normal R-diagonal operators. We also rederive the Haagerup-Larsen theorem and show how its recent extension to the eigenvector correlation function appears naturally within this approach.
description: 18 pages, 6 figures, version accepted for publication
Colored Jones polynomials without tails
Creators: name: Lee, Christine Ruey Shan
name: van der Veen, Roland
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57M27

description: We exhibit an infinite family of knots with the property that the first coefficient of the n-colored Jones polynomial grows linearly with n. This shows that the concept of stability and tail seen in the colored Jones polynomials of alternating knots does not generalize naively.
description: 5 pages, 1 cat
The parameterised complexity of computing the maximum modularity of a graph
Creators: name: Meeks, Kitty
name: Skerman, Fiona
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The maximum modularity of a graph is a parameter widely used to describe the level of clustering or community structure in a network. Determining the maximum modularity of a graph is known to be NP-complete in general, and in practice a range of heuristics are used to construct partitions of the vertex-set which give lower bounds on the maximum modularity but without any guarantee on how close these bounds are to the true maximum. In this paper we investigate the parameterised complexity of determining the maximum modularity with respect to various standard structural parameterisations of the input graph G. We show that the problem belongs to FPT when parameterised by the size of a minimum vertex cover for G, and is solvable in polynomial time whenever the treewidth or max leaf number of G is bounded by some fixed constant; we also obtain an FPT algorithm, parameterised by treewidth, to compute any constant-factor approximation to the maximum modularity. On the other hand we show that the problem is W[1]-hard (and hence unlikely to admit an FPT algorithm) when parameterised simultaneously by pathwidth and the size of a minimum feedback vertex set.
description: Author final version, accepted to Algorithmica
Origin of Anomalous Hall effect in Cr-doped RuO$_2$
Creators: name: Smolyanyuk, Andriy
name: Šmejkal, Libor
name: Mazin, Igor I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: RuO$_2$ is one of the most highlighted candidates for altermagnetism. However, the most recent muon spin spectroscopy and neutron studies demonstrated the absence of magnetic order in this system. The electronic structure of RuO$_2$ hints at a possibility of realizing a magnetically ordered state upon hole doping, and such a possibility was explored experimentally in Cr-doped RuO$_2$, where it was suggested that this system exhibits the anomalous Hall effect (AHE) due to altermagnetism. In this manuscript, based on our density functional calculations, we revise the results obtained for this system and propose a different interpretation of experimental results. Our calculations suggest that extra holes are bound to Cr impurity and do not dope Ru bands, which remain nonmagnetic. Thus, the observed AHE is not due to the altermagnetism but stems entirely from magnetic Cr ions.
Isobaric Reconstruction of the Baryonic Acoustic Oscillation
Creators: name: Wang, Xin
name: Yu, Hao-Ran
name: Zhu, Hong-Ming
name: Yu, Yu
name: Pan, Qiaoyin
name: Pen, Ue-Li
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we report a significant recovery of the linear baryonic acoustic oscillation (BAO) signature by applying the isobaric reconstruction algorithm to the non-linear matter density field. Assuming only the longitudinal component of the displacement being cosmologically relevant, this algorithm iteratively solves the coordinate transform between the Lagrangian and Eulerian frames without requiring any specific knowledge of the dynamics. For dark matter field, it produces the non-linear displacement potential with very high fidelity. The reconstruction error at the pixel level is within a few percent, and is caused only by the emergence of the transverse component after the shell-crossing. As it circumvents the strongest non-linearity of the density evolution, the reconstructed field is well-described by linear theory and immune from the bulk-flow smearing of the BAO signature. Therefore this algorithm could significantly improve the measurement accuracy of the sound horizon scale. For a perfect large-scale structure survey at redshift zero without Poisson or instrumental noise, the fractional error is reduced by a factor of 2.7, very close to the ideal limit with linear power spectrum and Gaussian covariance matrix.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, accepted version
Interacting opinion and disease dynamics in multiplex networks: discontinuous phase transition and non-monotonic consensus times
Creators: name: Rojas, Fátima Velásquez
name: Vazquez, Federico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Opinion formation and disease spreading are among the most studied dynamical processes on complex networks. In real societies, it is expected that these two processes depend on and affect each other. However, little is known about the effects of opinion dynamics over disease dynamics and vice versa, since most studies treat them separately. In this work we study the dynamics of the voter model for opinion formation intertwined with that of the contact process for disease spreading, in a population of agents that interact via two types of connections, social and contact. These two interacting dynamics take place on two layers of networks, coupled through a fraction $q$ of links present in both networks. The probability that an agent updates its state depends on both, the opinion and disease states of the interacting partner. We find that the opinion dynamics has striking consequences on the properties of disease spreading. The most important is that the smooth (continuous) transition from a healthy to an endemic phase observed in the contact process, becomes abrupt (discontinuous) in the two-layer system. Therefore, disregarding the effects of social dynamics on epidemics propagation may lead to a misestimation of the real magnitude of the spreading. Also, an endemic-healthy discontinuous transition is found when the coupling $q$ overcomes a threshold value. Furthermore, we show that the disease dynamics delays the opinion consensus, leading to a consensus time that varies non-monotonically with $q$ in a large range of the model's parameters. A mean-field approach reveals that the coupled dynamics of opinions and disease can be approximately described by the dynamics of the voter model decoupled from that of the contact process, with effective probabilities of opinion and disease transmission.
description: 45 pages, 11 figures
title: BioX⁺⁺-Extended Learning Control of Biotechnological Processes
Creators: name: Bettenhausen, Kurt Dirk
name: Tolle, Henning
Publisher: name: IFAC - International Federation of Automatic Control
Year: 2023

description: The technical use of biological or biochemical processes requires additionally to the biological preparation and process engineering an intelligent automatic control engineering whose performance characteristics excel the classical approaches. Most fermentations are operated in a phase-building batch mode, which does not allow a linearization of the not or only inexact known process model and the operation near one or several different working points. With BioX⁺⁺ an intelligent control system was successfully designed, whose fundamentals and extensions will be the contents of the article at hand.
Modularity of Erdős-Rényi random graphs
Creators: name: McDiarmid, Colin
name: Skerman, Fiona
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: For a given graph $G$, each partition of the vertices has a modularity score, with higher values indicating that the partition better captures community structure in $G$. The modularity $q^*(G)$ of the graph $G$ is defined to be the maximum over all vertex partitions of the modularity score, and satisfies $0\leq q^*(G) < 1$. Modularity is at the heart of the most popular algorithms for community detection. We investigate the behaviour of the modularity of the Erdős-Rényi random graph $G_{n,p}$ with $n$ vertices and edge-probability $p$. Two key findings are that the modularity is $1+o(1)$ with high probability (whp) for $np$ up to $1+o(1)$ and no further; and when $np \geq 1$ and $p$ is bounded below 1, it has order $(np)^{-1/2}$ whp, in accord with a conjecture by Reichardt and Bornholdt in 2006. We also show that the modularity of a graph is robust to changes in a few edges, in contrast to the sensitivity of optimal vertex partitions.
description: 35 pages, to appear in Random Structures and Algorithms
High-redshift galaxies and black holes in the eyes of JWST: a population synthesis model from infrared to X-rays
Creators: name: Volonteri, Marta
name: Reines, Amy
name: Atek, Hakim
name: Stark, Daniel P.
name: Trebitsch, Maxime
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The first billion years of the Universe is a pivotal time: stars, black holes (BHs) and galaxies form and assemble, sowing the seeds of galaxies as we know them today. Detecting, identifying and understand- ing the first galaxies and BHs is one of the current observational and theoretical challenges in galaxy formation. In this paper we present a population synthesis model aimed at galaxies, BHs and Active Galactic Nuclei (AGNs) at high redshift. The model builds a population based on empirical relations. Galaxies are characterized by a spectral energy distribution determined by age and metallicity, and AGNs by a spectral energy distribution determined by BH mass and accretion rate. We validate the model against observational constraints, and then predict properties of galaxies and AGN in other wavelength and/or luminosity ranges, estimating the contamination of stellar populations (normal stars and high-mass X-ray binaries) for AGN searches from the infrared to X-rays, and vice-versa for galaxy searches. For high-redshift galaxies, with stellar ages < 1 Gyr, we find that disentangling stellar and AGN emission is challenging at restframe UV/optical wavelengths, while high-mass X-ray binaries become more important sources of confusion in X-rays. We propose a color-color selection in JWST bands to separate AGN vs star-dominated galaxies in photometric observations. We also esti- mate the AGN contribution, with respect to massive, hot, metal-poor stars, at driving high ionization lines, such as C IV and He II. Finally, we test the influence of the minimum BH mass and occupa- tion fraction of BHs in low mass galaxies on the restframe UV/near-IR and X-ray AGN luminosity function.
description: Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
Extraction form protocol
Creators: name: Spineli, Loukia
name: Kalyvas, Chrysostomos
name: Yepes-Nuñez, Juan J.
name: Mauricio García Sierra, Andrés
name: C. Rivera-Pinzón, Diana
name: Seide, Svenja E.
name: Papadimitropoulou, Katerina
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Other health sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Extraction protocol for the manuscript entitled 'Low awareness of the transitivity assumption in complex networks of interventions: a systematic survey from 721 network meta-analyses'
Fold cobordisms and a Poincare-Hopf type theorem for the signature
Creators: name: Kalmar, Boldizsar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57R45, 57R20, 57R90, 57R25, 57R42, 57R70

description: We give complete geometric invariants of cobordisms of framed fold maps. These invariants consist of two types. We take the immersion of the fold singular set into the target manifold together with information about non-triviality of the normal bundle of the singular set in the source manifold. These invariants were introduced in the author's earlier works. Secondly we take the induced stable partial framing on the source manifold whose cobordisms were studied in general by Koschorke. We show that these invariants describe completely the cobordism groups of framed fold maps into R^n. Then we are looking for dependencies between these invariants and we study fold maps of 4k-dimensional manifolds into R^2. We construct special fold maps which are representatives of the fold cobordism classes and we also compute cobordism groups. We obtain a Poincare-Hopf type formula, which connects local data of the singularities of a fold map of an oriented 4k-dimensional manifold M to the signature of M. We also study the unoriented case analogously and prove a similar formula about the twisting of the normal bundle of the fold singular set.
description: 39 pages, 3 figures, revised
Thrinchostoma amanicum
Creators: name: Pauly, Alain
name: Eardley, Connal
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Halictidae
Thrinchostoma
Thrinchostoma amanicum

description: Thrinchostoma amanicum (Strand, 1910)
(Figs 26, 27)
 Halictus (Thrinchostoma) amanicus Strand, 1910: 42–43, ♂. Male holotype: Tanzania, Amani, 22.III.2007, leg. S.G. Vosseler (MNHUB).
 Thrincostoma [!] (Thrincostoma [!]) amanicum (Strand): Blüthgen, 1930: 496, 498–499, 504– 506, 536.
 Thrinchostoma (Thrinchostoma) amanicum (Strand): Michener, 1978: 524; Pauly, 1999: 155, 171,? syn.
 NOTE: contrary to the opinion of PAULY, 1999 ("?" Synonymy) based on the original description, T. amanicum is very different from T. productum (Smith, 1853).
DIAGNOSIS. In the male the last antennal segment is straight. On the scutum the punctures are widely spaced. The metasoma and legs are orange, and the hind tibiae are broad (fig. 26 c, d). Female unknown.
description: Published as part of Pauly, Alain & Eardley, Connal, 2013, A Revision of Afrotropical Thrinchostoma de Saussure, 1890 (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Halictidae), pp. 1-76 in Belgian Journal of Entomology 12 on pages 27-28, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.13486944
Convergence of spectral discretizations of the Vlasov-Poisson system
Creators: name: Manzini, Gianmarco
name: Funaro, Daniele
name: Delzanno, Gian Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove the convergence of a spectral discretization of the Vlasov-Poisson system. The velocity term of the Vlasov equation is discretized using either Hermite functions on the infinite domain or Legendre polynomials on a bounded domain. The spatial term of the Vlasov and Poisson equations is discretized using periodic Fourier expansions. Boundary conditions are treated in weak form through a penalty type term, that can be applied also in the Hermite case. As a matter of fact, stability properties of the approximated scheme descend from this added term. The convergence analysis is carried out in details for the 1D-1V case, but results can be generalized to multidimensional domains, obtained as Cartesian product, in both space and velocity. The error estimates show the spectral convergence, under suitable regularity assumptions on the exact solution.
Serre weight conjectures for $p$-adic unitary groups of rank 2
Creators: name: Koziol, Karol
name: Morra, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove a version of the weight part of Serre's conjecture for mod $p$ Galois representations attached to automorphic forms on rank 2 unitary groups which are non-split at $p$. More precisely, let $F/F^+$ denote a CM extension of a totally real field such that every place of $F^+$ above $p$ is unramified and inert in $F$, and let $\overline{r}: \textrm{Gal}(\overline{F^+}/F^+) \longrightarrow {}^C\mathbf{U}_2(\overline{\mathbb{F}}_p)$ be a Galois parameter valued in the $C$-group of a rank 2 unitary group attached to $F/F^+$. We assume that $\overline{r}$ is semisimple and sufficiently generic at all places above $p$. Using base change techniques and (a strengthened version of) the Taylor-Wiles-Kisin conditions, we prove that the set of Serre weights in which $\overline{r}$ is modular agrees with the set of Serre weights predicted by Gee-Herzig-Savitt.
description: 79 pages. Minor revisions from previous version, changed definition regarding "descent datum of type tau". To appear in ANT
Exact description of coalescing eigenstates in open quantum systems in terms of microscopic Hamiltonian dynamics
Creators: name: Kanki, Kazuki
name: Garmon, Savannah
name: Tanaka, Satoshi
name: Petrosky, Tomio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: At the exceptional point where two eigenstates coalesce in open quantum systems, the usual diagonalization scheme breaks down and the Hamiltonian can only be reduced to Jordan block form. Most of the studies on the exceptional point appearing in the literature introduce a phenomenological effective Hamiltonian that essentially reduces the problem to that of a finite non-Hermitian matrix for which it is straightforward to obtain the Jordan form. In this paper, we demonstrate how the Hamiltonian of an open quantum system reduces to Jordan block form at an exceptional point in an exact manner that treats the continuum without any approximation. Our method relies on the Brillouin-Wigner-Feshbach projection method according to which we can obtain a finite dimensional effective Hamiltonian that shares the discrete sector of the spectrum with the original Hamiltonian. While owing to its eigenvalue dependence this effective Hamiltonian cannot be used to write the Jordan block directly, we show that by formally extending the problem to include eigenstates with complex eigenvalues that reside outside the usual Hilbert space, we can obtain the Jordan block form at the exceptional point without introducing any approximation. We also introduce an extended Jordan form basis away from the exceptional point, which provides an alternative way to obtain the Jordan block at an exceptional point. The extended Jordan block connects continuously to the Jordan block exactly at the exceptional point implying that the observable quantities are continuous at the exceptional point.
Dévissage for Waldhausen K-theory
Creators: name: Raptis, George
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: K-Theory and Homology (math.KT)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A dévissage-type theorem in algebraic $K$-theory is a statement that identifies the $K$-theory of a Waldhausen category $\mathscr{C}$ in terms of the $K$-theories of a collection of Waldhausen subcategories of $\mathscr{C}$ when a dévissage condition about the existence of appropriate finite filtrations is satisfied. We distinguish between dévissage theorems of single type and of multiple type, depending on the number of Waldhausen subcategories and their properties. The main representative examples of such theorems are Quillen's original dévissage theorem for abelian categories (single type) and Waldhausen's theorem on spherical objects for more general Waldhausen categories (multiple type). In this paper, we study some general aspects of dévissage-type theorems and prove a general dévissage theorem of single type and a general dévissage theorem of multiple type.
description: minor changes; to appear in Annals of K-theory
Trajectory optimization using quantum computing
Creators: name: Shukla, Alok
name: Vedula, Prakash
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 49M25, 81P68

description: We present a framework wherein the trajectory optimization problem (or a problem involving calculus of variations) is formulated as a search problem in a discrete space. A distinctive feature of our work is the treatment of discretization of the optimization problem wherein we discretize not only independent variables (such as time) but also dependent variables. Our discretization scheme enables a reduction in computational cost through selection of coarse-grained states. It further facilitates the solution of the trajectory optimization problem via classical discrete search algorithms including deterministic and stochastic methods for obtaining a global optimum. This framework also allows us to efficiently use quantum computational algorithms for global trajectory optimization. We demonstrate that the discrete search problem can be solved by a variety of techniques including a deterministic exhaustive search in the physical space or the coefficient space, a randomized search algorithm, a quantum search algorithm or by employing a combination of randomized and quantum search algorithms depending on the nature of the problem. We illustrate our methods by solving some canonical problems in trajectory optimization. We also present a comparative study of the performances of different methods in solving our example problems. Finally, we make a case for using quantum search algorithms as they offer a quadratic speed-up in comparison to the traditional non-quantum algorithms.
View-invariant Gait Recognition through Genetic Template Segmentation
Creators: name: Isaac, Ebenezer
name: Elias, Susan
name: Rajagopalan, Srinivasan
name: Easwarakumar, K. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Template-based model-free approach provides by far the most successful solution to the gait recognition problem in literature. Recent work discusses how isolating the head and leg portion of the template increase the performance of a gait recognition system making it robust against covariates like clothing and carrying conditions. However, most involve a manual definition of the boundaries. The method we propose, the genetic template segmentation (GTS), employs the genetic algorithm to automate the boundary selection process. This method was tested on the GEI, GEnI and AEI templates. GEI seems to exhibit the best result when segmented with our approach. Experimental results depict that our approach significantly outperforms the existing implementations of view-invariant gait recognition.
description: Published in IEEE Signal Processing Letters. Received April 24, 2017, revised June 6, 2017, accepted June 10, 2017, published June 14, 2017
Embedding small digraphs and permutations in binary trees and split trees
Creators: name: Albert, Michael
name: Holmgren, Cecilia
name: Johansson, Tony
name: Skerman, Fiona
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We investigate the number of permutations that occur in random labellings of trees. This is a generalisation of the number of subpermutations occurring in a random permutation. It also generalises some recent results on the number of inversions in randomly labelled trees. We consider complete binary trees as well as random split trees a large class of random trees of logarithmic height introduced by Devroye in 1998. Split trees consist of nodes (bags) which can contain balls and are generated by a random trickle down process of balls through the nodes. For complete binary trees we show that asymptotically the cumulants of the number of occurrences of a fixed permutation in the random node labelling have explicit formulas. Our other main theorem is to show that for a random split tree, with high probability the cumulants of the number of occurrences are asymptotically an explicit parameter of the split tree. For the proof of the second theorem we show some results on the number of embeddings of digraphs into split trees which may be of independent interest.
Polarization-based Tests of Gravity with the Stochastic Gravitational-Wave Background
Creators: name: Callister, Thomas
name: Biscoveanu, A. Sylvia
name: Christensen, Nelson
name: Isi, Maximiliano
name: Matas, Andrew
name: Minazzoli, Olivier
name: Regimbau, Tania
name: Sakellariadou, Mairi
name: Tasson, Jay
name: Thrane, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The direct observation of gravitational waves with Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo offers novel opportunities to test general relativity in strong-field, highly dynamical regimes. One such opportunity is the measurement of gravitational-wave polarizations. While general relativity predicts only two tensor gravitational-wave polarizations, general metric theories of gravity allow for up to four additional vector and scalar modes. The detection of these alternative polarizations would represent a clear violation of general relativity. The LIGO-Virgo detection of the binary black hole merger GW170814 has recently offered the first direct constraints on the polarization of gravitational waves. The current generation of ground-based detectors, however, is limited in its ability to sensitively determine the polarization content of transient gravitational-wave signals. Observation of the stochastic gravitational-wave background, in contrast, offers a means of directly measuring generic gravitational-wave polarizations. The stochastic background, arising from the superposition of many individually unresolvable gravitational-wave signals, may be detectable by Advanced LIGO at design-sensitivity. In this paper, we present a Bayesian method with which to detect and characterize the polarization of the stochastic background. We explore prospects for estimating parameters of the background, and quantify the limits that Advanced LIGO can place on vector and scalar polarizations in the absence of a detection. Finally, we investigate how the introduction of new terrestrial detectors like Advanced Virgo aid in our ability to detect or constrain alternative polarizations in the stochastic background. We find that, although the addition of Advanced Virgo does not notably improve detection prospects, it may dramatically improve our ability to estimate the parameters of backgrounds of mixed polarization.
description: 24 pages, 20 figures; Accepted by PRX. This version includes major changes in response to referee comments and corrects an error in Eq. E2