cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Functional relationships between gaze behavior and movement kinematics when performing high bar dismounts - An exploratory study
Creators: name: Heinen, Thomas
name: Velentzas, Konstantinos
name: Vinken, Pia M.
Publisher: name: Warsaw : De Gruyter Open Ltd
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Eye-tracking
subject: Giant swings
subject: Gymnastics
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::610 | Medizin, Gesundheit

description: Purpose. The aims of this study were, first, to investigate visual spotting and, second, to explore the functional relationships between movement structure and gaze behavior in gymnasts as they perform preparatory giant swings (traditional and scooped technique) and dismounts (single straight and double tucked salto) with increasing difficulty on the high bar. It was predicted that visual spotting would occur in all experimental tasks. Methods. Relationships between gaze behavior and movement kinematics were explored to provide a clearer picture of how gaze is interconnected with the kinematics of dismounts on the high bar. For this purpose, kinematic parameters were measured with an optical movement-analysis system while gaze behavior was measured by using a portable and wireless eye-tracking system. Results. The measurement of gaze behavior revealed that gymnasts use visual spotting in all three tasks showing fixations throughout the whole movement. Each task was furthermore characterized by a sequence of visual fixations that was thought to serve specific movement goals. In particular, fixations during the downswing phase of the preparatory giant swings were significantly correlated with the movement phases when beginning the hip extension and flexion in the "kick through" as well as with the athlete's distance of flight during the dismounts. Conclusions. The findings suggest that gymnasts can use visual spotting during preparatory giant swings and dismounts on the high bar and that there are functional relationships between different fixations and specific movement goals.
Immune-regulating effects of exercise on cigarette smoke-induced inflammation
Creators: name: Madani, Ashkan
name: Alack, Katharina
name: Richter, Manuel Jonas
name: Krüger, Karsten
Publisher: name: Macclesfield : Dove Medical Press
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Airway epithelial cells
subject: Lymphocytes
subject: Muscle wasting
subject: Physical activity
subject: Pulmonary system
subject: Tobacco
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::610 | Medizin, Gesundheit

description: Long-term cigarette smoking (LTCS) represents an important risk factor for cardiac infarction and stroke and the central risk factor for the development of a bronchial carcinoma, smoking-associated interstitial lung fibrosis, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The pathophysiologic development of these diseases is suggested to be promoted by chronic and progressive inflammation. Cigarette smoking induces repetitive inflammatory insults followed by a chronic and progressive activation of the immune system. In the pulmonary system of cigarette smokers, oxidative stress, cellular damage, and a chronic activation of pattern recognition receptors are described which are followed by the translocation of the NF-kB, the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, matrix metalloproteases, and damage-associated molecular patterns. In parallel, smoke pollutants cross directly through the alveolus–capillary interface and spread through the systemic bloodstream targeting different organs. Consequently, LTCS induces a systemic low-grade inflammation and increased oxidative stress in the vascular system. In blood, these processes promote an increased coagulation and endothelial dysfunction. In muscle tissue, inflammatory processes activate catabolic signaling pathways followed by muscle wasting and sarcopenia. In brain, several characteristics of neuroinflammation were described. Regular exercise training has been shown to be an effective nonpharmacological treatment strategy in smoke-induced pulmonary diseases. It is well established that exercise training exerts immune-regulating effects by activating anti-inflammatory signaling pathways. In this regard, the release of myokines from contracting skeletal muscle, the elevations of cortisol and adrenalin, the reduced expression of Toll-like receptors, and the increased mobilization of immune-regulating leukocyte subtypes might be of vital importance. Exercise training also increases the local and systemic antioxidative capacity and several compensatory mechanisms in tissues such as an increased anabolic signaling in muscle or an increased compliance of the vascular system. Accordingly, regular exercise training seems to protect long-term smokers against some important negative local and systemic consequences of smoking. Data suggest that it seems to be important to start exercise training as early as possible. © 2018 Madani et al.
Event Identification in $^3$He Proportional Counters Using Risetime Discrimination
Creators: name: Langford, T. J.
name: Bass, C. D.
name: Beise, E. J.
name: Breuer, H.
name: Erwin, D. K.
name: Heimbach, C. R.
name: Nico, J. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a straightforward method for particle identification and background rejection in $^3$He proportional counters for use in neutron detection. By measuring the risetime and pulse height of the preamplifier signals, one may define a region in the risetime versus pulse height space where the events are predominately from neutron interactions. For six proportional counters surveyed in a low-background environment, we demonstrate the ability to reject alpha-particle events with an efficiency of 99%. By applying the same method, we also show an effective rejection of microdischarge noise events that, when passed through a shaping amplifier, are indistinguishable from physical events in the counters. The primary application of this method is in measurements where the signal-to-background for counting neutrons is very low, such as in underground laboratories.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures, Submitted to Nuclear Instruments and Methods A
Changing minds, but not politics in Brezhnevs time
Creators: name: Nolte, H.-H.
Publisher: name: Amsterdam : Elsevier
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Change in dictatorship
subject: Communism
subject: New indirect groups
subject: Old indirect groups
subject: Public opinion
subject: Soviet Union
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::900 | Geschichte und Geografie::940 | Geschichte Europas

description: To get a broad picture of the changes of minds and attitudes during the last decades of the Soviet Union contemporary western research on professional and other indirect groups is offering some material. Thesis is, that although the political system did not allow open discussions using hard facts considerable differences of opinions are documented in the Soviet media. The indirect groups though communicating in these media did not have a chance for a transition to preparliamentary organisations within the Soviet system (raising by comparison the question, whether such transitions will work in other Communist countries).
“Low road” to rehabilitation: A perspective on subliminal sensory neuroprosthetics
Creators: name: Ghai, Shashank
name: Ghai, Ishan
name: Effenberg, Alfred O.
Publisher: name: Macclesfield : Dove Medical Press
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Cortical dysfunctions
subject: Fear perception
subject: Internal simulation
subject: Motor learning
subject: Sonification
subject: adult
subject: article
subject: fear
subject: human
subject: memory consolidation
subject: motor learning
subject: neuropsychology
subject: perception
subject: rehabilitation
subject: simulation
subject: stimulus
subject: ultrasound
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::610 | Medizin, Gesundheit

description: Fear can propagate parallelly through both cortical and subcortical pathways. It can instigate memory consolidation habitually and might allow internal simulation of movements independent of the cortical structures. This perspective suggests delivery of subliminal, aversive and kinematic audiovisual stimuli via neuroprosthetics in patients with neocortical dysfunctions. We suggest possible scenarios by which these stimuli might bypass damaged neocortical structures and possibly assisting in motor relearning. Anticipated neurophysiological mechanisms and methodological scenarios have been discussed in this perspective. This approach introduces novel perspectives into neuropsychology as to how subcortical pathways might be used to induce motor relearning. © 2018 Ghai et al.
Primula pyrenaica X Thomasiana
Creators: name: Becherer
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1956
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: V.pyrenaica X Thomasiana - l: Van-d'en-Haut, 1600m (Coquoz 1926).
description: Published as part of Becherer, 1956, Florae Vallesiacae Supplementum, pp. 1-556 in Denkschriften der Schweizerischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft 71 on pages 1-556
LCAAJ audio for location 50136 (Sobedruhy (Soborten;Teplice), Czechia)
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Yiddish language--Dialects
Yiddish language--Phonology
Language surveys
Ashkenazim--Social life and customs
Jews--Civilization

description: Sobedruhy (Soborten;Teplice), Czechia (50.659877, 13.852757)
LCAAJ audio for location 50154 (Jablonec nad Nisou (Gablonz), Czechia)
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Yiddish language--Dialects
Yiddish language--Phonology
Language surveys
Ashkenazim--Social life and customs
Jews--Civilization

description: Jablonec nad Nisou (Gablonz), Czechia (50.722648, 15.172092)
LCAAJ audio for location 50156 (Trutnov (Trautenau), Czechia)
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Yiddish language--Dialects
Yiddish language--Phonology
Language surveys
Ashkenazim--Social life and customs
Jews--Civilization

description: Trutnov (Trautenau), Czechia (50.565384, 15.909092)
Host Galaxy Properties and Hubble Residuals of Type Ia Supernovae from the Nearby Supernova Factory
Creators: name: Childress, M. J.
name: Aldering, G.
name: Antilogus, P.
name: Aragon, C.
name: Bailey, S.
name: Baltay, C.
name: Bongard, S.
name: Buton, C.
name: Canto, A.
name: Cellier-Holzem, F.
name: Chotard, N.
name: Copin, Y.
name: Fakhouri, H. K.
name: Gangler, E.
name: Guy, J.
name: Hsiao, E. Y.
name: Kerschhaggl, M.
name: Kim, A. G.
name: Kowalski, M.
name: Loken, S.
name: Nugent, P.
name: Paech, K.
name: Pain, R.
name: Pecontal, E.
name: Pereira, R.
name: Perlmutter, S.
name: Rabinowitz, D.
name: Rigault, M.
name: Runge, K.
name: Scalzo, R.
name: Smadja, G.
name: Tao, C.
name: Thomas, R. C.
name: Weaver, B. A.
name: Wu, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the relationship between Type Ia Supernova (SN Ia) Hubble residuals and the properties of their host galaxies using a sample of 115 SNe Ia from the Nearby Supernova Factory (SNfactory). We use host galaxy stellar masses and specific star-formation rates fitted from photometry for all hosts, as well as gas-phase metallicities for a subset of 69 star-forming (non-AGN) hosts, to show that the SN Ia Hubble residuals correlate with each of these host properties. With these data we find new evidence for a correlation between SN Ia intrinsic color and host metallicity. When we combine our data with those of other published SN Ia surveys, we find the difference between mean SN Ia brightnesses in low and high mass hosts is 0.077 +- 0.014 mag. When viewed in narrow (0.2 dex) bins of host stellar mass, the data reveal apparent plateaus of Hubble residuals at high and low host masses with a rapid transition over a short mass range (9.8 <= log(M_*/M_Sun) <= 10.4). Although metallicity has been a favored interpretation for the origin of the Hubble residual trend with host mass, we illustrate how dust in star-forming galaxies and mean SN Ia progenitor age both evolve along the galaxy mass sequence, thereby presenting equally viable explanations for some or all of the observed SN Ia host bias.
description: 20 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
title: Joachim Losehand, Die letzten Tage des Pompeius. Von Pharsalos bis Pelusion
Creators: name: Matijević, Krešimir
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2016

description: Rezension zu: Joachim Losehand, Die letzten Tage des Pompeius. Von Pharsalos bis Pelusion. Verlag Phoibos, Wien 2008. 402 Seiten, 1 Karte, 1 Abbildung
New York from Long Island
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Presidents--Homes and haunts

description: Immigrating from Scotland in 1791, Robertson set up practice in New York City as a miniaturist. In addition, he also made numerous landscapes and city views. Together with William and Thomas Birch, who worked in Philadelphia, he helped to introduce the English topographical watercolor tradition in the United States. This view across the East River to Manhattan, depicting an expansive landscape, stems from that tradition. The building at the right is George Washington's headquarters. The location is identified in an inscription across the bottom of the sheet.
LCAAJ audio for location 50144 (Litomerice (Leitmeritz), Czechia)
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Yiddish language--Dialects
Yiddish language--Phonology
Language surveys
Ashkenazim--Social life and customs
Jews--Civilization

description: Litomerice (Leitmeritz), Czechia (50.53842, 14.130546)
Universality of the three-body Efimov parameter at narrow Feshbach resonances
Creators: name: Roy, Sanjukta
name: Landini, Manuele
name: Trenkwalder, Andreas
name: Semeghini, Giulia
name: Spagnolli, Giacomo
name: Simoni, Andrea
name: Fattori, Marco
name: Inguscio, Massimo
name: Modugno, Giovanni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We measure the critical scattering length for the appearance of the first three-body bound state, or Efimov three-body parameter, at seven different Feshbach resonances in ultracold 39K atoms. We study both intermediate and narrow resonances, where the three-body spectrum is expected to be determined by the non-universal coupling of two scattering channels. We observe instead approximately the same universal relation of the three-body parameter with the two-body van der Waals radius already found for broader resonances, which can be modeled with a single channel. This unexpected observation suggests the presence of a new regime for three-body scattering at narrow resonances.
LCAAJ audio for location 50107 (Eisenach, Germany)
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Yiddish language--Dialects
Yiddish language--Phonology
Language surveys
Ashkenazim--Social life and customs
Jews--Civilization

description: Eisenach, Germany (50.979572, 10.314687)
A novel ZePoC encoder for sinusoidal signals with a predictable accuracy for an AC power standard
Creators: name: Vennemann, T.
name: Frye, T.
name: Liu, Z.
name: Kahmann, M.
name: Mathis, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: Göttingen : Copernicus GmbH
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Economic and social effects
subject: Real time control
subject: Ac power standard
subject: Analytical formulation
subject: Binary signals
subject: Floating points
subject: Hardware architecture
subject: Real-time implementations
subject: Sinusoidal signals
subject: Spectral characteristics
subject: Digital arithmetic
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau::621 | Angewandte Physik::621,3 | Elektrotechnik, Elektronik

description: In this paper we present an analytical formulation of a Zero Position Coding (ZePoC) encoder for an AC power standard based on class-D topologies. For controlling a class-D power stage a binary signal with special spectral characteristics will be generated by this ZePoC encoder for sinusoidal signals. These spectral characteristics have a predictable accuracy within a separated baseband to keep the noise floor below a specified level. Simulation results will validate the accuracy of this novel ZePoC encoder. For a real-time implementation of the encoder on a DSP/FPGA hardware architecture a trade-off between accuracy and speed of the ZePoC algorithm has to be made. Therefore the numerical effects of different floating point formats will be analyzed. © 2015 Author(s).
Lagrange Inversion and Stirling Number Convolutions
Creators: name: Chapman, Robin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008

description: Recently Agoh and Dilcher proved a convolution identity involving Stirling numbers S(n, r) of the second kind. We prove an identity where S(n, r) is replaced by a more general doublyindexed family A(n, r). Another admissible choice for A(n, r) is the family of Stirling numbers of the first kind.
LCAAJ audio for location 50142 (Praha (Prag), Czechia)
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Yiddish language--Dialects
Yiddish language--Phonology
Language surveys
Ashkenazim--Social life and customs
Jews--Civilization

description: Praha (Prag), Czechia (50.075538, 14.4378)
Development of a Competence-based Role Model for Managers considering current Megatrends
Creators: name: Tropschuh, Barbara
name: Beck, Benedict
Publisher: name: Hannover : publish-Ing.
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Digital Transformation
subject: Megatrends
subject: Competences
subject: Management Roles
subject: Survey
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau

description: Due to the digital transformation and global megatrends, the industrial environment of manufacturing companies is changing faster than ever. As a result, the tasks of managers in these companies are evolving. New management roles and competences are required to master the challenges of this industrial change and remain competitive in the global market. This paper describes the development of a competence-based role model of managers in manufacturing companies focusing on the influence of current megatrends and the associated digital transformation. The model provides an overview of future tasks and roles of managers, which are becoming increasingly important in view of current megatrends. In regard to existing role models, seven roles of modern managers are derived. These management roles were evaluated in an extensive survey and detailed with corresponding competence profiles.
Large magnetic heat transport in a Haldane chain material Ni(C$_3H_{10}N_2)_2NO_2ClO_4
Creators: name: Sun, X. F.
name: Liu, X. G.
name: Chen, L. M.
name: Zhao, Z. Y.
name: Zhao, X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a study on the heat transport of an S = 1 Haldane chain compound Ni(C_3H_{10}N_2)_2NO_2ClO_4 at low temperatures and in magnetic fields. The zero-field thermal conductivities show a remarkable anisotropy for the heat current along the spin-chain direction (κ_b) and the vertical direction (κ_c), implying a magnetic contribution to the heat transport along the spin-chain direction. The magnetic-field-induced change of the spin spectrum has obviously opposite impacts on κ_b and κ_c. In particular, κ_b(H) and κ_c(H) curves show peak-like increases and dip-like decreases, respectively, at \sim 9 T, which is the critical field that minimizes the spin gap. These results indicate a large magnetic thermal transport in this material.
description: 3 pages, 2 figures, accepted for publication in J. Appl. Phys. (Proceedings of the 12th Joint MMM/Intermag Conference)
Scientific Reasoning in Science Education: From Global Measures to Fine-Grained Descriptions of Students’ Competencies
Creators: name: Krell, Moritz
name: Vorholzer, Andreas
name: Nehring, Andreas
Publisher: name: Basel : MDPI
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::300 | Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie, Anthropologie::370 | Erziehung, Schul- und Bildungswesen

description: [No abstract available]
Analytical model for Stirling cycle machine design
Creators: name: Formosa, Fabien
name: Despesse, Ghislain
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In order to study further the promising free piston Stirling engine architecture, there is a need of an analytical thermodynamic model which could be used in a dynamical analysis for preliminary design. To aim at more realistic values, the models have to take into account the heat losses and irreversibilities on the engine. An analytical model which encompasses the critical flaws of the regenerator and furthermore the heat exchangers effectivenesses has been developed. This model has been validated using the whole range of the experimental data available from the General Motor GPU-3 Stirling engine prototype. The effects of the technological and operating parameters on Stirling engine performance have been investigated. In addition to the regenerator influence, the effect of the cooler effectiveness is underlined.
LCAAJ audio for location 50104 (Mellrichstadt, Germany)
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Yiddish language--Dialects
Yiddish language--Phonology
Language surveys
Ashkenazim--Social life and customs
Jews--Civilization

description: Mellrichstadt, Germany (50.427934, 10.302957)
The CARS Project. A tale spanning the entire history of data science
Creators: name: Wilson, R. Eddie
name: Thomas, James
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: A brief story that began at an EPSRC sandpit on travel behaviour in 2010 - where Eddie discovered that the government had decided to published the anonymised results of MOT tests (UK's annual vehicle reliability test). Using linux command line tools, Eddie discovered a kind-of unintended "Easter egg" - that it was possible to link the records related to a single vehicle, and as the odometer (mileage) at each test id recorded, infer how much each vehicle is driven annually. Many iterations of this work followed and several quite major grants - in which we also had privileged access to special versions of the data which included location of each vehicle's registered keeper - enabling much more data fun with linkages to census statistics and so on. Quite apart from the data science there were many lessons in privacy, ethics, commercial relationships, licences, data protection, secure computing environments. Most recently this has all led to the CARS (Connecting Administrative vehicle data for Research on Sustainable Transport) ADR UK/ESRC project. We've got some recent results on vehicle use in the pandemic and also data we fed into the recent government consultation on stretching the gap between MOT tests. We'll conclude with a wish list of all the transport data we would like to have but will probably never get our hands on.
Migrating Print Serials Available Electronically
Creators: name: Major, Colleen M.
name: Thomas, Adrian Stanley
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Library materials
Academic libraries
Digital libraries
Collection development (Libraries)
Electronic journals
Serial publications

description: In this poster session, we reflected on our case study, which focused on a subset of currently received print periodicals housed in Columbia’s Butler Library. Butler’s Periodical Reading Room receives the largest number of print periodicals (over 1000) across our 17-library system. The presenters investigated titles from one subscription agent with a receiving location of Butler periodicals. We reviewed these titles for electronic availability; if the e-format can be supported by the libraries, and how many of the titles are still only available in print.
title: Der Rosenkranz – Marienminne, Memorationshilfe, Modeaccessoire
Creators: name: Prummer, Markus
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2016

description: KulturGut : aus der Forschung des Germanischen Nationalmuseums, Nr. 51 (2016): KulturGut: aus der Forschung des Germanischen Nationalmuseums, Beginn und Erscheinungsfrequenz: Jahr: 2004
Anomalous scaling behavior in a mixed-state Hall effect of a cobalt-doped BaFe2As2 epitaxial film with a high critical current density over 1 MA/cm2
Creators: name: Sato, Hikaru
name: Katase, Takayoshi
name: Kang, Won Nam
name: Hiramatsu, Hidenori
name: Kamiya, Toshio
name: Hosono, Hideo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The mixed-state Hall effect was examined in a Ba(Fe1-xCox)2As2 epitaxial film with a high critical current density. The transverse resistivity ρxy and the longitudinal resistivity ρxx follow power law scaling ρxy = Aρxxβ. In the temperature-sweep with a fixed field (T sweep), all of the β values are independent of magnetic field up to 9 T, and are lower than 2.0 (around 1.8). In contrast, the β values in the magnetic-field sweep with a fixed temperature (H sweep) change from 1.8 to 2.0 as the temperature increases from 13 to 16 K even in the T/H region that overlaps with the T sweep measurements. These results indicate that the vortices introduced at low temperatures are trapped by strong pinning centers, but a portion of the vortices introduced at high temperatures are not strongly trapped by the pinning centers. The sign of ρxy is negative, and a sign reversal is not detected. These distinct scaling behaviors, which sharply contrast cuprates and MgB2, are explained by high-density c-axis pinning centers in the Ba(Fe1-xCox)2As2 epitaxial film and are consistent with a wider vortex liquid phase.
СЛАБОУМИЕ ПО ПРИЧИНЕ БЛИЗКОРОДСТВЕННЫХ СВЯЗЕЙ
Creators: name: Суюнова, Замира
name: Сафоева, Зебо
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: изучение частоты возникновения слабоумия у детей, происходящих от близкородственных союзов, и выявление конкретных генетических механизмов, лежащих в основе этого явления. Определение факторов, которые могут увеличивать или снижать риск развития слабоумия у потомков близкородственных пар. Полученные данные могут быть использованы для разработки более эффективных методов предотвращения генетически обусловленных нарушений у детей из семей с близкородственными связями.
title: Bayesian variable selection in cluster analysis
Creators: name: Dimitrakopoulou, Vasiliki
Publisher: name: University of Kent
Year: 2023

description: Statistical analysis of data sets of high-dimensionality has met great interest over the past years, with great applications on disciplines such as medicine, neuroscience, pattern recognition, image analysis and many others. The vast number of available variables though, contrary to the limited sample size, often mask the cluster structure of the data. It is often that some variables do not help in distinguishing the different clusters in the data; patterns over the sampled observations are, thus, usually confined to a small subset of variables. We are therefore interested in identifying the variables that best discriminate the sample, simultaneously to recovering the actual cluster structure of the objects under study. With the Markov Chain Monte Carlo methodology being widely established, we investigate the performance of the combined tasks of variable selection and clustering procedure within the Bayesian framework. Motivated by the work of Tadesse et al. (2005), we identify the set of discriminating variables with the use of a latent vector and form the clustering procedure within the finite mixture models methodology. Using Markov chains we draw inference on, not just the set of selected variables and the cluster allocations, but also on the actual number of components: using the f:teversible Jump MCMC sampler (Green, 1995) and a variation of t he SAMS sampler of Dahl (2005). However, sensitivity to the hyperparameters settings of the covariance structure of the suggested model motivated our interest in an Empirical Bayes procedure to pre-specify the crucial hyper parameters. Further on addressing the problem of hyperparameters' sensitivity, we suggest several different covariance structures for the mixture components. Developing MATLAB codes for all models introduced in this thesis, we apply and compare the various models suggested on a set of simulated data, as well as on three real data sets; the iris, the crabs and the arthritis data sets.
Modularized Active Learning Solution for Labelling Text Data for Business Environment Analysis
Creators: name: Agacayaklar, Furkan
name: Lange, Annika
name: Scholz, Julia-Anne
name: Knothe, Thomas
name: Busse, Dirk
Publisher: name: Hannover : publish-Ing.
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Business Environment Analysis
subject: Active Learning
subject: Natural Language Processing
subject: Machine learning
subject: Data labeling
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau

description: In today’s interconnected world, the pace of change is increasing gradually and the effects of an event can propagate and disrupt industries, organizations or companies more dramatically and quickly. Therefore, having a comprehensive overview of the environment is a precious asset for resilience and sustainable growth. One enabler of the above-mentioned interconnectedness is the rapid flow and vast availability of information in text form, which can be also used as the fundamental resource to understand the shifting environment. Hence, actors can be able to become aware of changes at an early stage. The underlying patterns to filter relevant information can be detected by learning from data, or more specifically machine learning. Natural language processing (NLP) techniques can be applied because text data is analyzed. However, to embed the expertise and perspective of the user into the initial model, data should be labeled. This requires valuable expert time from the organization for the labeling, thus it should be minimized. This study aims to present an efficient and user-friendly solution for data labeling. To achieve this, a modularized Active Learning-based backend is combined with an intuitive interface. The output of this labeling process will be used further to train a model for environment analysis. Nevertheless, the main focus of this paper is the development of a solution to maximize efficiency during data labeling for environment analysis. After an introduction to the problem, the overview of the suggested solution accompanied by a prototype will be demonstrated.
Theoretical Models of Dark Energy
Creators: name: Yoo, Jaewon
name: Watanabe, Yuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Mounting observational data confirm that about 73% of the energy density consists of dark energy which is responsible for the current accelerated expansion of the Universe. We present observational evidences and dark energy projects. We then review various theoretical ideas that have been proposed to explain the origin of dark energy; they contain the cosmological constant, modified matter models, modified gravity models and the inhomogeneous model. The cosmological constant suffers from two major problems: one regarding fine-tuning and the other regarding coincidence. To solve them there arose modified matter models such as quintessence, k-essence, coupled dark energy, and unified dark energy. We compare those models by presenting attractive aspects, new rising problems and possible solutions. Furthermore we review modified gravity models that lead to late-time accelerated expansion without invoking a new form of dark energy; they contain f(R) gravity and the Dvali-Gabadadze-Porrati model. We also discuss observational constraints on those models and on future modified gravity theories. Finally we review the inhomogeneous Lemaitre-Tolman-Bondi model that drops an assumption of the spatial homogeneity of the Universe. We also present basics of cosmology and scalar field theory, which are useful especially for students and novices to understand dark energy models.
description: Review article, 61 pages, 4 figures
Overcoming Data Scarcity in the Quality Control of Safety-Critical Fibre-Reinforced Composites by means of Transfer and Curriculum Learning
Creators: name: Brillowski, Florian
name: Overhage, Vanessa
name: Tegetmeyer-Kleine, Thorsten
name: Hohnhäuser, Benjamin
Publisher: name: Hannover : publish-Ing.
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine learning
subject: Quality Control
subject: Data Scarcity
subject: Composites
subject: Curriculum
subject: Production
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau

description: Fibre-reinforced composites are one promising material class to provide a response to the increasing environmental awareness within society. Due to their excellent lightweight potential, fibre-reinforced composites are preferably employed in safety-critical applications, requiring extensive quality control (QC). However, commercially available QC systems are only able to measure fibre deviations, not directly detecting the error itself. In consequence, a worker is required to perform a manual inspection. Artificial intelligence and especially convolutional neural networks (CNN) offer the opportunity to directly detect and classify defects. However, to train the corresponding algorithms large amounts of data are required, which are often inaccessible in production. Artificial augmentation of the available data is a popular approach to tackle this problem, yet, resulting most of the time in undesired overfitting of the CNN. Therefore, in this contribution we examine the transfer of human learning behaviour elements to algorithms in form of transfer learning (TL) and curriculum learning (CL). The overall aim is to research, whether CL and TL are appropriate approaches to address data scarcity in e.g. production environments. Therefore, we perform our research on the error detection of three-dimensional shaped fibre-reinforced textiles.
Crossed Products and MF algebras
Creators: name: Li, Weihua
name: Orfanos, Stefanos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46L05

description: We prove that the crossed product AxG of a unital finitely generated MF algebra A by a discrete finitely generated amenable residually finite group G is an MF algebra, provided that the action is almost periodic. This generalizes a result of Hadwin and Shen. We also construct two examples of crossed product C*-algebras whose BDF Ext semigroups are not groups.
description: 9 pages
LCAAJ audio for location 50103 (Reckendorf, Germany)
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Yiddish language--Dialects
Yiddish language--Phonology
Language surveys
Ashkenazim--Social life and customs
Jews--Civilization

description: Reckendorf, Germany (50.01985, 10.826022)
Singularities and the Finale of Black Hole Evaporation
Creators: name: Xiang, Li
name: Ling, Yi
name: Shen, You Gen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this essay we argue that once quantum gravitational effects change the classical geometry of a black hole and remove the curvature singularity, the black hole would not evaporate entirely but approach a remnant. In a modified Schwarzschild spacetime characterized by a finite Kretschmann scalar, a minimal mass of the black hole is naturally bounded by the existence of the horizon rather than introduced by hand. A thermodynamical analysis discloses that the temperature, heat capacity and the luminosity are vanishing naturally when the black hole mass approaches the minimal value. This phenomenon may be attributed to the existence of the minimal length in quantum gravity. It can also be understood heuristically by connecting the generalized uncertainty principle with the running of Newton's gravitational constant.
description: 10 pages
Structuring the Digital Energy Platform Jungle: Development of a Multi-Layer Taxonomy and Implications for Practice
Creators: name: Duda, Sebastian
name: Kaymakci, Can
name: Köberlein, Jana
name: Wenninger, Simon
name: Haubner, Tobias
name: Sauer, Alexander
name: Schilp, Johannes
Publisher: name: Hannover : publish-Ing.
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Digital Platform
subject: Taxonomy
subject: Demand-Side-Management
subject: energy flexibility
subject: IT Systems
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau

description: Rising and volatile energy prices are forcing production companies to optimize their consumption patterns and reduce carbon emissions to remain competitive. Demand-side management (DSM) or energy flexibility (EF) is a promising option for the active management of electricity demand. With DSM, energy procurement costs can be effectively reduced, for example, by reducing peak loads and taking advantage of volatile energy prices. In addition, renewable energies can be better integrated to reduce carbon emissions while stabilizing the power grid. Although the benefits of DSM for production companies are well known, implementation is not yet widespread. A key barrier is the high requirements of IT systems and the associated effort and complexity involved in setting them up. Companies often lack appropriate IT systems or have historically grown systems that do not allow continuous communication from the machine to the energy market. A variety of different platforms promise solutions to address these challenges. However, when selecting platforms, it is often unclear which aspects and functionalities of a platform are relevant for a company’s specific application. To address this gap, we developed a multi-layer taxonomy of digital platforms for energy-related applications in the industry that includes a general, as well as a more specific data-centric and transaction-centric perspective. We develop, revise, and evaluate our taxonomy using insights from literature and analysis of 46 commercially available platforms or platforms developed through research projects. Based on our taxonomy, we derive implications for research and practice. Our results contribute to the descriptive knowledge of digital platforms in energy-related applications. Our taxonomy enables researchers and practitioners to classify such platforms and make informed decisions about their deployment.
LCAAJ audio for location 50095 (Hintersteinau (Steinau an der Straße), Germany)
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Yiddish language--Dialects
Yiddish language--Phonology
Language surveys
Ashkenazim--Social life and customs
Jews--Civilization

description: Hintersteinau (Steinau an der Straße), Germany (50.416771, 9.466575)
title: Claudia Tappert, Die Gefäßkeramik der latènezeitlichen Siedlung Straubing-Bajuwarenstraße
Creators: name: Joachim, Hans-Eckart
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2016

description: Rezension zu: Claudia Tappert, Die Gefäßkeramik der latènezeitlichen Siedlung Straubing-Bajuwarenstraße. Materialhefte zur Bayerischen Vorgeschichte, Reihe A, Band 89. Verlag Michael Lassleben, Kallmünz 2006. 491 Seiten, 150 Abbildungen, 150 Tafeln, Beilage
Carrier density modulation in graphene underneath Ni electrode
Creators: name: Moriyama, T.
name: Nagashio, K.
name: Nishimura, T.
name: Toriumi, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the transport properties of graphene underneath metal to reveal whether the carrier density in graphene underneath source/drain electrodes in graphene field-effect transistors is fixed. The resistance of the graphene/Ni double-layered structure has shown a graphene-like back-gate bias dependence. In other words, the electrical properties of graphene are not significantly affected by its contact with Ni. This unexpected result may be ascribed to resist residuals at the metal/graphene interface, which may reduce the interaction between graphene and metals. In a back-gate device fabricated using the conventional lithography technique with an organic resist, the carrier density modulation in the graphene underneath the metal electrodes should be considered when discussing the metal/graphene contact.
description: will be published in JAP 2013
Pareto Heuristic for Product Family-Oriented Product-Workstation Allocation Planning with Restricted Capacities
Creators: name: Urnauer, Christian
name: Larem, Anna-Maria
name: Metternich, Joachim
Publisher: name: Hannover : publish-Ing.
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: value stream design
subject: segmentation
subject: pareto optimization
subject: Factory planning
subject: Data Analytics
subject: Mathematical optimization
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau

description: A prerequisite for value stream design is the segmentation of products into families. This means that all products of a family are assigned to the same group of workstations so that the resulting material flows are separated as good as possible, and a higher degree of transparency is reached on the shop floor. However, since the number of workstations as well as their capacity is limited, shared resources cannot always be avoided in practice. Furthermore, the objective of product family orientation may compete with the objective of fulfilling product-workstation preferences. These preferences result, for example, from required equipment like specific tooling or from capability requirements. An optimization heuristic for this product-workstation allocation problem is presented within this article. First, the mathematical problem is formally described, then the heuristic is introduced and the required data for its application is outlined. For the evaluation, an extensive test set is generated, comparison heuristics are implemented, and solutions are made comparable through problem-specific bounds for both objectives. The results show that the solution quality of the pareto heuristic for both objective functions achieves almost the level of the comparison heuristics, which optimize only one of the objectives in isolation.
Fine Structure of Open Shell Diatomic Molecules in Combined Electric and Magnetic Fields
Creators: name: Gärttner, Martin
name: Omiste, Juan J.
name: Schmelcher, Peter
name: González-Férez, Rosario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a theoretical study of the impact of an electric field combined with a magnetic field on the rotational dynamics of open shell diatomic molecules. Within the rigid rotor approximation, we solve the time-independent Schrödinger equation including the fine-structure interactions and the Λ-doubling effects. We consider three sets of molecule specific parameters and several field regimes and investigate the interplay between the different interactions identifying the dominant one. The possibility of inducing couplings between the spin and rotational degrees of freedom is demonstrated.
description: 11 pages, 16 figures
Resonance behavior of the defect-induced Raman mode of single-chirality enriched carbon nanotubes
Creators: name: Laudenbach, Jan
name: Hennrich, Frank
name: Telg, Hagen
name: Kappes, Manfred
name: Maultzsch, Janina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a resonance Raman study of the disorder-induced D mode in a sample highly enriched with semiconducting (9,7) single-walled carbon nanotubes in the excitation energy range of 1.49 - 2.05 eV. The intensity of the D mode shows a resonance behavior near the optical transition of the (9,7) tube. The well-known dispersion of the D-mode frequency, on the other hand, is not observed at the resonance, but only above a certain excitation energy. We explain our results by numerical simulations of the D-mode spectra.
description: submitted to Phys. Rev. B
title: Bernd Bienert, Die römischen Bronzegefäße im Rheinischen Landesmuseum Trier
Creators: name: Gorecki, Joachim
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2016

description: Rezension zu: Bernd Bienert, Die römischen Bronzegefäße im Rheinischen Landesmuseum Trier. Trierer Zeitschrift, Beiheft 31. Rheinisches Landesmuseum Trier 2007. 287 Seiten, zahlreiche Abbildungen
A qualitative study on the development and rectification of advanced medical students’ misconceptions about the physiological electrocardiogram (ECG) = Eine qualitative Untersuchung zur Entstehung und Korrektur von Fehlvorstellungen über das physiologische Elektrokardiogramm (EKG) bei Medizinstudierenden höherer Semester
Creators: name: Trauschke, Mathias
Publisher: name: Berlin : German Medical Science (GMS) gGmbH
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Conceptual metaphor theory
subject: ECG (misconceptions)
subject: Model of Educational Reconstruction (MER)
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::610 | Medizin, Gesundheit

description: Purpose: The study takes a qualitative and explorative approach to capture the concepts that German medical students have of the physiological electrocardiogram (ECG) which they acquired during their preclinical training. These concepts are then considered for possible misconceptions. Afterwards a theory-based intervention which allows subjects to see the connection of the curve progression with the spatial spreading of excitation (animated vector loop) is put to the test. Methods: In the course of a diagnosis of learning potentials, individual students participated in problem-centred, guided interviews. The developed intervention was tested in separately conducted teaching experiments using thinking aloud protocols. The data evaluation was done through qualitative content analysis. Based on the conceptual metaphor theory, conceptions and their underlying embodied cognition were analysed. Results: One of the subjects’ typical misinterpretations is taking the progression of the ECG tracing for a mere increase and decrease of the myocardium’s electrical activity, rather than connecting it with its spatial and temporal aspects. The data evaluation has shown that the newly developed theory-based intervention can lead to re-learning. Reconstructed metaphorical concepts illustrate this process of understanding. It is exemplarily shown how, through the course of the interviews, students are enabled to appropriately explain ECGs as the two-dimensional representation of the spatial excitation propagation in the heart. Conclusion: By capturing typical misconceptions of the physiological electrocardiogram and demonstrating interventions that support learning, the study provides a contribution to comprehensive learning which can be used in the basic education of medical students. © 2019 Trauschke.
LCAAJ audio for location 50094 (Nieder-Ohmen (Mücke), Germany)
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Yiddish language--Dialects
Yiddish language--Phonology
Language surveys
Ashkenazim--Social life and customs
Jews--Civilization

description: Nieder-Ohmen (Mücke), Germany (50.646689, 9.032069)