cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
ZfM20-Levumi N2. Test zu Rechenoperationen zur Lernverlaufsdiagnostik-„Zahlenreihen fortsetzen (Zahlenraum 20)“ der Onlineplattform www.levumi.de
Creators: name: Buchwald, Katharina
name: Gebhardt, Markus
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Zahlenreihen, Zahlenraum bis 20, Rechentest, Test, Lernverlaufsdiagnostik, CBM
subject: 370 Erziehung, Schul- und Bildungswesen

description: Die Onlineplattform Levumi (www.levumi.de) ist im Bereich Mathematik Grundlagen - Rechenoperationen um das Testverfahren „Zahlenreihen fortsetzen“ N2 erweitert worden. Der Test beinhaltet Zahlenreihen im Zahlenraum 0-20 (N2). Die Anforderung des Tests besteht darin, den jeweiligen Wert der Lücke in der Zahlenreihe zu ermitteln. Dieser Rechenoperationstests ist als schülerzentrierter Speedtest mit einer Durchführungszeit von fünf Minuten konstruiert. Im Folgenden wird ein kurzer Einblick in die Konzeption des Testverfahrens „Zahlenreihen fortsetzen“ N2 und dessen Umsetzung auf der Onlineplattform Levumi gegeben. Für einen Einsatz als Printversion sind dem Dokument im Anhang parallele Testversionen angehängt.
ZsM10-LevumiN1. Tests zu Rechenoperationen zur Lernverlaufsdiagnostik - „Zahlen subtrahieren (Zahlenraum 10)“ der Onlineplattform www.levumi.de
Creators: name: Anderson, Sven
name: Gebhardt, Markus
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Rechenoperation, Subtraktion, Test, Levumi, Lernverlaufsdiagnostik
subject: 370 Erziehung, Schul- und Bildungswesen

description: Die Onlineplattform Levumi (www.levumi.de; Gebhardt, Diehl & Mühling, 2016) bietet Tests zur Lernverlaufsdiagnostik in den Lernbereichen Lesen (Jungjohann, Diehl et al., 2018; Jungjohann, DeVries et al., 2018), Rechtschreiben (Jungjohann et al., 2019) sowie Mathematik. Alle Tests können als Basis für eine datenbasierte Förderplanung und zur Gestaltung von adaptiven Förderungen auch im inklusiven Unterricht genutzt werden (Anderson et al., 2021; Jungjohann et al., 2021). Der Bereich Mathematik ist um das Testverfahren Zahlen subtrahieren (Zahlenraum 1 – 10) erweitert worden. Der Test beinhaltet Rechenaufgaben zur Subtraktion. Die Anforderung des Tests besteht jeweils darin, bei Subtraktionsaufgaben im Zahlenraum bis 10 den Differenzwert zu ermitteln. Im Folgenden wird ein kurzer Einblick in die Konzeption des Testverfahrens und deren Umsetzung auf der Onlineplattform Levumi gegeben. Für einen Einsatz als Printversion sind dem Dokument im Anhang drei parallele Testversionen angehängt (Versionen 1–3).
Wideband precision stabilization of the -18.6 kV retarding voltage for the KATRIN spectrometer
Creators: name: Rodenbeck, C.
name: Wüstling, S.
name: Enomoto, S.
name: Hartmann, J.
name: Rest, O.
name: Thümmler, T.
name: Weinheimer, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Karlsruhe Tritium Neutrino Experiment (KATRIN) measures the effective electron anti-neutrino mass with an unprecedented design sensitivity of 0.2 eV (90 % C.L.). In this experiment, the energy spectrum of beta electrons near the tritium decay endpoint is analyzed with a highly accurate spectrometer. To reach the KATRIN sensitivity target, the retarding voltage of this spectrometer must be stable to the ppm level and well known on various time scales ($μs$ up to months), for values around -18.6 kV. A custom-designed high-voltage regulation system mitigates the impact of interference sources in the absence of a closed electric shield around the large spectrometer vessel. In this article, we describe the regulation system and its integration into the KATRIN setup. Independent monitoring methods demonstrate a stability within 2 ppm, exceeding KATRIN's specifications.
description: 28 pages, 17 figures, minor improvements
ZasM10-LevumiN1. Tests zu Rechenoperationen zur Lernverlaufsdiagnostik - „Zahlen addieren und subtrahieren (Zahlenraum 10)“ der Onlineplattform www.levumi.de
Creators: name: Anderson, Sven
name: Gebhardt, Markus
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Rechenoperation, Addition, Subtraktion, Test, Levumi, Lernverlaufsdiagnostik
subject: 370 Erziehung, Schul- und Bildungswesen

description: Die Onlineplattform Levumi (www.levumi.de; Gebhardt, Diehl & Mühling, 2016) bietet Tests zur Lernverlaufsdiagnostik in den Lernbereichen Lesen (Jungjohann, Diehl et al., 2018; Jungjohann, DeVries et al., 2018), Rechtschreiben (Jungjohann et al., 2019) sowie Mathematik. Alle Tests können als Basis für eine datenbasierte Förderplanung und zur Gestaltung von adaptiven Förderungen auch im inklusiven Unterricht genutzt werden (Anderson et al., 2021; Jungjohann et al., 2021). Der Bereich Mathematik ist um das Testverfahren Zahlen addieren und subtrahieren (Zahlenraum 1 – 10) erweitert worden. Der Test beinhaltet Rechenaufgaben zur Addition und Subtraktion. Die Anforderung des Tests besteht jeweils darin, bei Additionsaufgaben im Zahlenraum bis 10 den Summenwert und bei Subtraktionsaufgaben den Differenzwert zu ermitteln. Im Folgenden wird ein kurzer Einblick in die Konzeption des Testverfahrens und deren Umsetzung auf der Onlineplattform Levumi gegeben. Für einen Einsatz als Printversion sind dem Dokument im Anhang drei parallele Testversionen angehängt (Versionen 1–3).
ZaM10-Levumi N1- Tests zu Rechenoperationen als Lernverlaufsdiagnostik - "Zahlen addieren (Zahlenraum 10)" der Onlineplattform www.levumi.de
Creators: name: Anderson, Sven
name: Gebhardt, Markus
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Rechenoperation, Addition, Test, Levumi, Lernverlaufsdiagnostik
subject: 370 Erziehung, Schul- und Bildungswesen

description: Die Onlineplattform Levumi (www.levumi.de; Gebhardt, Diehl & Mühling, 2016) bietet Tests zur Lernverlaufsdiagnostik in den Lernbereichen Lesen (Jungjohann, Diehl et al., 2018; Jungjohann, DeVries et al., 2018), Rechtschreiben (Jungjohann et al., 2019) sowie Mathematik. Alle Tests können als Basis für eine datenbasierte Förderplanung und zur Gestaltung von adaptiven Förderungen auch im inklusiven Unterricht genutzt werden (Anderson et al., 2021; Jungjohann et al., 2021). Der Bereich Mathematik ist um das Testverfahren Zahlen addieren (Zahlenraum 1 – 10) erweitert worden. Der Test beinhaltet Rechenaufgaben zur Addition. Die Anforderung des Tests besteht jeweils darin, bei Additionsaufgaben im Zahlenraum bis 10 den Summenwert zu ermitteln. Im Folgenden wird ein kurzer Einblick in die Konzeption des Testverfahrens und deren Umsetzung auf der Onlineplattform Levumi gegeben. Für einen Einsatz als Printversion sind dem Dokument im Anhang drei parallele Testversionen angehängt (Versionen 1–3).
title: Wer profitiert von einem Workshop zur Suizidprävention an Schulen?
Creators: name: Bockhoff, Katharina
name: Bruder, Simone
name: Ellermeier, Wolfgang
name: Rohrbach, Theresa
name: Hertel, Silke
Publisher: name: Hogrefe Verlag
Year: 2022

description: Um die Suizidprävention an Schulen zu verbessern, wurden psychoedukative Workshops für Schüler_innen implementiert und angeboten. N=200 Schüler_innen der 8.–10. Jahrgangsstufe wurden zufällig einer Experimental- oder Kontrollgruppe zugewiesen. Vor und nach dem Training sowie nach drei Monaten wurden sie zu ihrem hilfesuchenden und hilfegebendem Verhalten sowie ihrer depressiven Symptomatik befragt. Die Ergebnisse weisen darauf hin, dass besonders die als stärker suizidgefährdet eingestuften Jugendlichen von dem Training durch eine Abnahme ihrer depressiven Symptomatik profitierten. Schüler_innen der Kontrollgruppe verbesserten sich demgegenüber nicht signifikant in ihrer depressiven Symptomatik. Für das hilfesuchende ebenso wie das hilfegebende Verhalten zeigten sich positive Trends, die jedoch nicht statistisch signifikant wurden. Diese Ergebnisse zeigen – wenn auch mit Limitationen aufgrund von Ausfällen durch die Coronapandemie 2020 und durch ein restriktives Vor-Screening – die Wirksamkeit einer aufwändigen außerschulischen Suizidprävention auf Befinden und Verhalten.
Molecular gas properties of Planck-selected protocluster candidates at z~1.3-3
Creators: name: Polletta, M.
name: Dole, H.
name: Martinache, C.
name: Lehnert, M. D.
name: Frye, B. L.
name: Kneissl, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on IRAM-30m/EMIR observations of 38 red Herschel sources in 18 Planck-selected protocluster candidates (PHz). We detect 40 CO lines on a total of 24 bright Herschel sources in 14 of the 18 PHz fields. The measured average redshift is =2.25. We measure redshifts for multiple Herschel sources in eight PHz fields. In half of those fields we detect from two to three objects at similar redshifts, supporting the idea that they contain high-z protoclusters. The detection of sources at different redshifts demonstrates that foreground and background sources also contribute to the total sub-mm emission. We compare the properties of the molecular gas, and of the star formation activity of our sources with samples of normal star-forming galaxies (SFGs), sub-mm galaxies, and CO-detected cluster and protocluster galaxies at similar redshifts. We find that the PHz-IRAM sources are mainly normal SFGs, with only ~20% undergoing a starburst phase. The PHz-IRAM sources are characterized by star formation rates and gas masses that are, on average, eight and five times higher than those typical of normal SFGs at similar redshifts. Their dust temperatures, and depletion timescales are instead consistent with those of normal SFGs. The analysis of the CO spectral line energy distribution, available for ten sources, peaks at Jup=3 in most of the cases, implying low gas excitation. These properties imply that a significant fraction of the PHz-IRAM sources contains extended, and cold molecular gas reservoirs at low excitation, and that their star-formation is driven by secular processes. Multiplicity and moderate gravitational lensing might also play a role in producing the observed properties. We find that the highest star-forming protoclusters drawn from the large volume simulations, have similar SFRs as the PHz protoclusters, but separate out into a larger number of SFGs. (Abridged)
description: 26 pages (+19 pages Appendix), A&A accepted
ZdM-Levumi. Tests zum Zahlenverständnis zur Lernverlaufsdiagnostik - „Zahlendiktat“ der Onlineplattform www.levumi.de
Creators: name: Buchwald, Katharina
name: Anderson, Sven
name: Gebhardt, Markus
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Zahlendiktat, Zahlen hören, Zahlenverständnis, Rechentest, Test, Lernverlaufsdiagnostik, CBM
subject: 370 Erziehung, Schul- und Bildungswesen

description: Die Onlineplattform Levumi (www.levumi.de) verfügt im Bereich Mathematik Grundlagen - Zahlenverständnis über die Testverfahren „Zahlendiktat“ im Zahlenraum bis 10, bis 20 und bis 100. Die Anforderung der Tests besteht darin, die über Lautsprecher hörbare Zahl richtig einzugeben. Dieser Zahlenverständnistest ist als schülerzentrierter Speedtest mit einer Durchführungszeit von fünf Minuten konstruiert. Im Folgenden wird ein kurzer Einblick in die Konzeption der Testverfahren „Zahlendiktat“ und deren Umsetzung auf der Onlineplattform Levumi gegeben. Zur Übersicht sind dem Dokument die Itemlisten angehängt.
title: ​​Study using a combination of web-tracking and survey data to look into Online Pornography ​Use - No difference between mainstream Christians and Non-Religious Individuals​​
Creators: name: Winters, Kristi
Publisher: name: GESIS - Leibniz Institute for the Social Sciences
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/018afyw53
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Online Pornography Use
subject: Online Web Tracking Panel Data
subject: Self-Reported Data

description: The use of web tracking panel data provides new insights into Germans’ online pornography use. According to new research published in Archives of Sexual Behavior, German Catholics, Protestants, and the religiously unaffiliated are as likely to use online pornography as each other. By comparison, members of minority religions in Germany, such as Muslims or Orthodox Christians, are less likely to use online pornography.
description: Die Verwendung von Web-Tracking-Panel-Daten liefert neue Erkenntnisse über die Online-Pornografie-Nutzung der Deutschen. Laut einer neuen Studie, die in Archives of Sexual Behavior veröffentlicht wurde, nutzen deutsche Angehörige des Katholizismus, des Protestantismus sowie religiös Ungebundene mit gleicher Wahrscheinlichkeit Online-Pornografie. Im Vergleich dazu nutzen Angehörige von Minderheitsreligionen wie dem Islam oder dem orthodoxen Christentum in Deutschland Online-Pornografie seltener.
description: GESIS Blog
Comment on "Hysteretic transition between states of a filled hexagonal magnetic dipole cluster"
Creators: name: Völkel, Simeon
name: Hartung, Stefan
name: Rehberg, Ingo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the paper "Andrew D.P. Smith, Peter T. Haugen, Boyd F. Edwards: Hysteretic transition between states of a filled hexagonal magnetic dipole cluster, Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials 549 (2022): 168991" a hysteretic transition between two stable arrangements of a cluster of seven dipoles is presented. The relative strength of the center dipole in a hexagonal arrangement serves as the bifurcation parameter. The authors clearly demonstrate the existence of two instabilities accompanied by discontinuous jumps of the dipole arrangement, but leave the question about the nature of these instabilities unanswered. This comment clarifies the nature of the two instabilities: the first one is a symmetry-breaking sub-critical bifurcation with parabolic scaling of the magnetic potential energy difference between the two branches, and the second one is a fold with its characteristic scaling in the form of a semi-cubic parabola.
A World-Self Model Towards Understanding Intelligence
Creators: name: Yue, Yutao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.0; G.0; H.1.1

description: The symbolism, connectionism and behaviorism approaches of artificial intelligence have achieved a lot of successes in various tasks, while we still do not have a clear definition of "intelligence" with enough consensus in the community (although there are over 70 different "versions" of definitions). The nature of intelligence is still in darkness. In this work we do not take any of these three traditional approaches, instead we try to identify certain fundamental aspects of the nature of intelligence, and construct a mathematical model to represent and potentially reproduce these fundamental aspects. We first stress the importance of defining the scope of discussion and granularity of investigation. We carefully compare human and artificial intelligence, and qualitatively demonstrate an information abstraction process, which we propose to be the key to connect perception and cognition. We then present the broader idea of "concept", separate the idea of self model out of the world model, and construct a new model called world-self model (WSM). We show the mechanisms of creating and connecting concepts, and the flow of how the WSM receives, processes and outputs information with respect to an arbitrary type of problem to solve. We also consider and discuss the potential computer implementation issues of the proposed theoretical framework, and finally we propose a unified general framework of intelligence based on WSM.
description: 21 pages, 5 figures
Identifying a minimal flavor symmetry of the seesaw mechanism behind neutrino oscillations
Creators: name: Xing, Zhi-zhong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the canonical seesaw framework flavor mixing and CP violation in weak charged-current interactions of light and heavy Majorana neutrinos are correlated with each other and described respectively by the $3\times 3$ matrices $U$ and $R$. We show that the very possibility of $\big|U^{}_{μi}\big| = \big|U^{}_{τi}\big|$ (for $i = 1, 2, 3$), which is strongly indicated by current neutrino oscillation data, automatically leads to a novel prediction $\big|R^{}_{μi}\big| = \big|R^{}_{τi}\big|$ (for $i = 1, 2, 3$). We prove that behind these two sets of equalities and the experimental evidence for leptonic CP violation lies a minimal flavor symmetry -- the overall neutrino mass term keeps invariant when the left-handed neutrino fields transform as $ν^{}_{e \rm L} \to (ν^{}_{e \rm L})^c$, $ν^{}_{μ\rm L} \to (ν^{}_{τ\rm L})^c$, $ν^{}_{τ\rm L} \to (ν^{}_{μ\rm L})^c$ and the right-handed neutrino fields undergo an arbitrary unitary CP transformation. Such a generalized $μ$-$τ$ reflection symmetry may help constrain the flavor textures of active and sterile neutrinos to some extent in the seesaw mechanism.
description: LaTeX 16 pages, 2 figures. More discussions and references added. Accepted for publication in JHEP
title: Data Spotlight #1
title: Data Spotlight #1
Creators: name: Jedinger, Alexander
name: Feldhausen, Miriam
Publisher: name: GESIS - Leibniz Institute for the Social Sciences
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/018afyw53
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: COVID-19
subject: Analyzing Data
subject: Data Spotlight
subject: Dataset
subject: Migration
subject: Press and Information Office of the Federal Government

description: The topics represented in the surveys of the Press and Information Office of the Federal Government (Bundespresseamt; BPA) are diverse, ranging from questions on climate change, migration, and health policy issues to questions delving into topics such as the polarization of society, discrimination, and gender issues.
description: Die Themen der Umfragen des Presse- und Informationsamtes der Bundesregierung (BPA) sind vielfältig und reichen von Fragen zum Klimawandel, zur Migration und zu gesundheitspolitischen Themen bis hin zu Fragen, die sich mit Themen wie der Polarisierung der Gesellschaft, Diskriminierung und Genderfragen beschäftigen.
description: GESIS Blog
title: ​Germany’s Environmental Inequalities Linked to Lower Incomes and Migration Backgrounds​
Creators: name: Winters, Kristi
Publisher: name: GESIS - Leibniz Institute for the Social Sciences
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/018afyw53
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Land Use
subject: Environmental Disadvantages
subject: Data Linking

description: Dr. Stephan Jünger found links between living in areas with environmental disadvantages; a person’s income; and whether they or their parents migrated to Germany. Land use disadvantages decrease with higher income. Whereas environmental advantages can be defined as a person’s access to green spaces such as parks, sporting areas, or gardens, environmental disadvantages relate to the amounts of blacktop, concrete, and buildings in a location. Areas with high amounts of these types of materials and objects have fewer recreational green spaces. Native-born Germans and higher-income migrants experienced fewer environmental disadvantages while low-income migrants mainly experienced significantly higher disadvantages. Jünger, a geo-data specialist at GESIS, combined survey data from the German General Social Survey (ALLBUS) with small-scale spatial data. His conclusions should interest local planners and policymakers when cities, towns, and other municipalities want to enhance the number of recreational areas to compensate for the deleterious effects of other land use.
description: Dr. Stephan Jünger fand einen Zusammenhang zwischen dem Leben in Gebieten mit Umweltnachteilen, dem Einkommen einer Person und der Frage, ob sie oder ihre Eltern nach Deutschland eingewandert sind. Die Nachteile der Landnutzung nehmen mit steigendem Einkommen ab. Während Umweltvorteile durch den Zugang zu Grünflächen wie Parks, Sportplätzen oder Gärten definiert werden können, beziehen sich Umweltnachteile auf die Menge an Asphalt, Beton und Gebäuden in einem Gebiet. In Gebieten mit einem hohen Anteil dieser Materialien und Objekte gibt es weniger Grünflächen zur Erholung. In Deutschland geborene Personen und Migranten mit höherem Einkommen haben weniger Umweltnachteile, während Migranten mit niedrigem Einkommen deutlich höhere Nachteile haben. Jünger, Geodatenspezialist bei GESIS, kombinierte Befragungsdaten aus der Allgemeinen Sozialerhebung (ALLBUS) mit kleinräumigen Daten. Seine Ergebnisse dürften für kommunale Planer und politische Entscheidungsträger von Interesse sein, wenn Städte und Gemeinden mehr Naherholungsgebiete schaffen wollen, um die negativen Auswirkungen anderer Flächennutzungen zu kompensieren.
description: GESIS Blog
Topological and frame properties of certain pathological $C^*$-algebras
Creators: name: Fufaev, Denis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We introduce a classification of locally compact Hausdorff topological spaces with respect to the behavior of $σ$-compact subsets, and relying on this classification we study properties of corresponding $C^*$-algebras in terms of frame theory and the theory of $\mathcal A$-compact operators in Hilbert $C^*$-modules, some pathological examples are constructed.
Partially accreted crusts of neutron stars
Creators: name: Suleiman, Lami
name: Zdunik, Julian-Leszek
name: Haensel, Pawel
name: Fortin, Morgane
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Neutron stars in low-mass binary systems are subject to accretion. The common assumption in studying the properties of the neutron star crust is the fully accreted crust approximation. However, observations of some X-ray transient sources indicate that the original crust has not been completely replaced by accreted material, but is partly composed of the compressed original crust. A two-part (or hybrid) crust made of the original crust that is compressed and of the accreted material crashing onto it was reconstructed as a function of the accretion stage. The differences in the composition and energy sources for the fully accreted and hybrid crusts influence the cooling and transport properties. A simple semi-empirical formula of a compressible liquid drop was used. We compared the nuclear reactions triggered by compression in the original crust and in the accreted matter part of the hybrid crust. We discuss another crust compression astrophysical phenomenon related to spinning neutron stars. The compression of the originally catalyzed outer crust triggers exothermic reactions (electron captures and pycnonuclear fusions) that deposit heat in the crust. The heat sources are cataloged as a function of the compression until the fully accreted crust approximation is reached. The pressure at which neutron drip occurs is a nonmonotonic function of the depth, leading to a temporary neutron drip anomaly. The additional potential source of energy for partially accreted crusts is the occurrence of a density inversion phenomenon between some compressed layers. The original crust of a neutron star cannot be neglected when the original crust is not fully replaced by the accreted matter. The amount of heat associated with the compression of the original crust is on the same order of magnitude as that from the sources acting in the accreted part of the hybrid crust.
description: 17 pages, 10 figures, 4 files in Ancillary (2 movies, 2 .res files)
title: Using Facebook and Instagram to sample German emigrants on a nearly global scale
Creators: name: Pötzschke, Steffen
name: Weiß, Bernd
Publisher: name: GESIS - Leibniz Institute for the Social Sciences
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/018afyw53
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Migration
subject: Global Survey
subject: Facebook
subject: Social Media
subject: Survey Methodology

description: Migration research faces many methodological challenges. This is already true when the focus is on newcomers (immigrants) in a single or a small number of countries. A major difficulty in this regard is finding, contacting, and convincing members of the target population to participate. But what if we would even want to go further and beyond a hand full of countries to survey emigrants (say, from Germany) on a near global scale? In a recent project, Steffen Pötzschke and Bernd Weiß explored whether social networking sites might be of any help in this regard.
description: Die Migrationsforschung steht vor vielen methodischen Herausforderungen. Dies gilt vor allem dann, wenn der Schwerpunkt von einschlägigen Erhebungen auf Neuankömmlingen (Immigranten) in einem einzigen oder wenigen Ländern liegt. Eine große Schwierigkeit besteht darin, Mitglieder der Zielbevölkerung zu finden, zu kontaktieren und zur Teilnahme an der Erhebung zu bewegen. Was aber, wenn wir sogar noch weiter und über eine Hand voll Länder hinausgehen wollen, um Auswanderer*innen (z.B. aus Deutschland) auf nahezu globaler Ebene zu befragen? In einem kürzlich durchgeführten Projekt haben Dr. Steffen Pötzschke und Dr. Bernd Weiß untersucht, ob Social-Networking-Sites in dieser Hinsicht hilfreich sein könnten.
description: GESIS Blog
Quantum Yu-Shiba-Rusinov dimers
Creators: name: Schmid, Harald
name: Steiner, Jacob F.
name: Franke, Katharina J.
name: von Oppen, Felix
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic adatoms on a superconducting substrate undergo a quantum phase transition as their exchange coupling to the conduction electrons increases. For quantum spins, this transition is accompanied by screening of the adatom spin. Here, we explore the consequences of this screening for the phase diagrams and subgap excitation spectra of dimers of magnetic adatoms coupled by hybridization of their Yu-Shiba-Rusinov states and spin-spin interactions. We specifically account for higher spins, single-ion anisotropy, Ruderman-Kittel-Kasuya-Yosida coupling, and Dzyaloshinsky-Moriya interactions relevant in transition-metal and rare-earth systems. Our flexible approach based on a zero-bandwidth approximation provides detailed physical insight and is in excellent qualitative agreement with available numerical-renormalization group calculations on monomers and dimers. Remarkably, we find that even in the limit of large impurity spins or strong single-ion anisotropy, the phase diagrams for dimers of quantum spins remain qualitatively distinct from phase diagrams based on classical spins, highlighting the need for a theory of quantum Yu-Shiba-Rusinov dimers.
description: 17 pages, 12 figures
Rolle des Transplantationsbeauftragten
Creators: name: Sinner, Barbara
name: Schweiger, Stephan
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Irreversible loss of brain function; Organ donation; Family support; Health care quality assurance; Legal aspects
subject: 610 Medizin

description: Alle Krankenhäuser, die nach dem Sozialgesetzbuch V als Entnahmekrankenhäuser definiert sind, sind verpflichtet, einen Transplantationsbeauftragten (TxB) zu stellen. Das Aufgabenfeld des TxB beinhaltet nicht nur die Spendererkennung, die Diagnose eines irreversiblen Hirnfunktionsausfalls sowie die Spenderevaluation und Organprotektion, sondern er begleitet den gesamten Organspendeprozess. Er verantwortet die Festlegung von innerklinischen Standards sowie die Organisation von Fort- und Weiterbildungen und ist Ansprechpartner rund um das Thema Organspende. Darüber hinaus fungiert er als Bindeglied zwischen der Koordinierungs- (Deutsche Stiftung Organtransplantation) und der Vermittlungsstelle (Eurotransplant). Seine Tätigkeit unterliegt dem Transplantationsgesetz und dessen Ausführungsgesetzen; er benötigt aber auch entsprechende Kenntnisse der verschiedenen Richtlinien zu Organspende bzw. -transplantation. Letztendlich ist der TxB auch für die Qualitätssicherung des Organspendeprozesses verantwortlich.
title: What to do when survey data is not available or not trustworthy? An application of novel ecological inference techniques to the Carinthian Plebiscite of 1920
Creators: name: Tiemann, Guido
Publisher: name: GESIS - Leibniz Institute for the Social Sciences
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/018afyw53
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Ethnic Groups
subject: Historical Election Studies
subject: Political Methodology
subject: Vote Choice

description: Ecological inference techniques, as advocated and codified by Gary King, provide a way forward when survey data is biased or unavailable and researchers need to infer individual behavior from contextual data. The historical 1920 Carinthian plebiscite provides an ideal-typical application: it was organized to decide whether an ethnically and linguistically heterogenous part of South-East Carinthia was to be included into Austria or into Yugoslavia. Eventually, a roughly 70:30 “Slovenian” electorate selected the Austrian option by about 60:40. An application of state-of-the art ecological inference models demonstrates that “German” support for Austria has been over- and “Slovenian” support has been underestimated: “only” 75 percent of the German-speaking, but also more than 50 percent of the Slovenian-speaking electorate has opted to join the new Austrian republic. Therefore, the significance of ethno-linguistic cleavages has been systematically overrated and the historical electorate has been much more unified than previously thought.
description: Ökologische Inferenztechniken, wie sie von Gary King befürwortet und kodifiziert wurden, bieten einen Ausweg, wenn Umfragedaten verzerrt oder nicht verfügbar sind und Forschende aus Kontextdaten auf individuelles Verhalten schließen müssen. Das historische Kärntner Plebiszit von 1920 bietet eine idealtypische Anwendung: Es wurde veranstaltet, um zu entscheiden, ob ein ethnisch und sprachlich heterogener Teil Südostkärntens in Österreich oder in Jugoslawien eingegliedert werden sollte. Letztendlich entschied sich eine etwa 70:30 "slowenische" Wählerschaft mit etwa 60:40 für die österreichische Option. Eine Anwendung modernster ökologischer Inferenzmodelle zeigt, dass die "deutsche" Unterstützung für Österreich über- und die "slowenische" Unterstützung unterschätzt wurde: "Nur" 75 Prozent der deutschsprachigen, aber auch mehr als 50 Prozent der slowenischsprachigen Wählerschaft haben sich für den Beitritt zur neuen österreichischen Republik entschieden. Die Bedeutung der ethno-linguistischen Cleavages wurde also systematisch überschätzt und die historische Wählerschaft war viel einheitlicher als bisher angenommen.
description: GESIS Blog
Stable bound orbits in microstate geometries
Creators: name: Tomizawa, Shinya
name: Suzuki, Ryotaku
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show the existence of stable bound orbits for the massive and massless particles moving in the simplest microstate geometry spacetime in the bosonic sector of the five-dimensional minimal supergravity. In our analysis, reducing the motion of particles to a two-dimensional potential problem, we numerically investigate whether the potential has a negative local minimum.
description: 18 pages, 30 figures
An Unbiased Symmetric Matrix Estimator for Topology Inference under Partial Observability
Creators: name: Chen, Yupeng
name: Wang, Zhiguo
name: Shen, Xiaojing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Network topology inference is a fundamental problem in many applications of network science, such as locating the source of fake news, brain connectivity networks detection, etc. Many real-world situations suffer from a critical problem that only a limited part of observed nodes are available. This letter considers the problem of network topology inference under the framework of partial observability. Based on the vector autoregressive model, we propose a novel unbiased estimator for the symmetric network topology with the Gaussian noise and the Laplacian combination rule. Theoretically, we prove that it converges to the network combination matrix in probability. Furthermore, by utilizing the Gaussian mixture model algorithm, an effective algorithm called network inference Gauss algorithm is developed to infer the network structure. Finally, compared with the state-of-the-art methods, numerical experiments demonstrate the proposed algorithm enjoys better performance in the case of small sample sizes.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures
title: Responses to Forced Displacement: A Defining Moment
Creators: name: Pritchard, Paul
Publisher: name: GESIS - Leibniz Institute for the Social Sciences
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/018afyw53
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Refugees
subject: Migrants
subject: Policy Research
subject: Knowledge Production
subject: Book Review
subject: Canada
subject: Germany

description: Forced displacement is a global issue and a defining feature of our time. How we respond to this humanitarian crisis will be a defining feature of global society for years to come. The important role that knowledge production and mobilization must play to inform the path forward should not be understated. Refugees in Canada and Germany: From Research to Policies and Practice is an edited collection recently published by GESIS that brings together multidisciplinary perspectives from leading scholars across Germany and Canada. This volume offers an in-depth look at the responses of Germany and Canada - two countries that have responded to the 21st century ‘age of displacement’ in very different ways.– It depicts the creative solutions and often collaborative efforts these host societies have undertaken to support the sudden arrival of newcomers within their nations’ borders.
description: Zwangsvertreibung ist ein globales Thema und ein prägendes Merkmal unserer Zeit. Wie wir auf diese humanitäre Krise reagieren, wird für die kommenden Jahre ein prägendes Merkmal der globalen Gesellschaft sein. Die wichtige Rolle, die die Wissensproduktion und -mobilisierung spielen müssen, um den Weg aus der Krise zu finden, sollte nicht unterschätzt werden.„Flüchtlinge in Kanada und Deutschland: From Research to Policies and Practice ist ein vor kurzem von der GESIS veröffentlichtes Buch, das multidisziplinäre Perspektiven von führenden WissenschaftlerInnen aus Deutschland und Kanada zusammenführt. Das Buch bietet einen eingehenden Blick auf die Reaktionen Deutschlands und Kanadas - zweier Länder, die auf das "Zeitalter der Vertreibung" des 21. Jahrhunderts auf sehr unterschiedliche Weise reagiert haben. - Es zeigt kreative Lösungen und die oft gemeinsamen Anstrengungen, die diese Aufnahmegesellschaften unternommen haben, um die plötzliche Ankunft von Neuankömmlingen innerhalb ihrer nationalen Grenzen zu unterstützen.
description: GESIS Blog
Enhancing acid fracture design in carbonate formation using a dynamic up-scaling procedure to convert discrete fracture network to dual continuum
Creators: name: Bidhendi, Mohammad Reza Kasiri
name: Movaghar, Mohammad Reza Khorsand
name: Humand, Mohammad
name: Bazargan, Mohammad
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Hematology

description: For a low-permeability carbonate formation, the acid fracture process is simulated through coupling a commercial acid fracture simulator (GOHFER) to a finite volume reservoir simulator (IMEX). Unlike LGR (Local grid refinement) approach that suffers from severe convergence problems, a dynamic up-scaling procedure is employed to convert the discrete fracture network (DFN) model into a dual continuum model for our simulation. In this paper, multiple simulations are used to optimize the acid fracture schedule parameters, such as fluid volume, flow rate, perforation location, number of injection steps, and acid type, in order to maximize the effective fracture length. For four points perforation as the relevant operation case in this work, acid fracturing consumes 44 Mgal acid volume at a rate of 25 bpm at a 20 ft interval, resulting in a 3.5-fold increase in well productivity index (PI). Based on experimental relative permeability data, two models of fine and medium grid sizes are employed to be compared with the LGR method. The results have shown that these models are 22 and 54 times faster than LGR, however, the latter has a deviation of less than 5% which is quite acceptable.
title: Interaction and Infection
Creators: name: Klein, Dominik
name: Marx, Johannes
name: Mayerhoffer, Daniel
name: Sirsch, Jürgen
Publisher: name: GESIS - Leibniz Institute for the Social Sciences
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/018afyw53
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: CoViD-19
subject: Spread Coronavirus
subject: Computer Simulation
subject: Social Distancing

description: The spreading of viruses depends not only on its biological properties or the availability of effective pharmaceutical remedies but also on human behaviour. Since there are currently no pharmaceutical measures available against CoVID-19, much of the current discussion is on non-pharmaceutical measures such as social distancing. Whether and to what extent these approaches are effective, critically depends on human behaviour: In order to contain the spreading of CoViD-19, a sufficient number of individuals must change their behaviour. We offer an interactive computer simulation that compares different policy measures such as social distancing and quarantine in terms of their potential for virus containment. In our simulation, social distancing with high compliance is sufficient for containing the spread of CoViD-19. Alternatively, putting the infected into strict quarantine reaches similar results, albeit requiring even higher levels of compliance. The model also offers insights regarding the effectiveness of other measures, such as tracing contacts of infected persons.
description: GESIS Blog
Celiac disease screening at a pediatric outpatient clinic: a feasibility study
Creators: name: Gunnarsdottir, Sunna
name: Albrektsson, Henrik
name: Frydebo, Julia
name: Miron, Nicolae
name: Kindblom, Jenny M.
name: Størdal, Ketil
name: Mårild, Karl
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Celiac disease (CD) is a common yet largely underdiagnosed disease. This study aimed to test the feasibility of incorporating a non-targeted CD screening in a pediatric outpatient setting and evaluate its short-term impact on children with serological evidence of disease. Over five months, 500 children (aged 2–17 years) attending a general pediatric outpatient clinic in Gothenburg, Sweden, were enrolled and surveyed for current symptoms, quality of life, and background characteristics; 481 children were screened for tissue-transglutaminase antibodies (tTGA); repeated tTGA-positivity was defined as CD autoimmunity (CDA). Children with CDA were investigated for CD and for one year monitored for changes in symptoms, and quality of life. Eleven of 481 (2.3%) screened children had CDA. Children with CDA were younger (median 3.8 years) than those without CDA (8.8 years). No other major between-group differences were reported in background characteristics, symptoms, or quality of life. The screening was well-accepted by the families/participants. During 1-year follow-up, 8 of 11 children with CDA were diagnosed with CD. Children with screening-detected CD reported no significant changes in symptoms and quality of life and the dietary adherence rate was good. Non-targeted screening for CD was feasible in a general pediatric outpatient setting. While hampered by small sample size, our results are in line with previous screening studies indicating that symptoms do not differentiate CDA from non-CDA children. Also, among an overall minimal-symptomatic group of children, diagnosing CD and installation of treatment did not significantly change their well-being during 1-year follow-up.
Efficacy of low-dose vaginal 17β-estradiol versus vaginal promestriene for vulvovaginal atrophy
Creators: name: Palacios, S.
name: Ramirez, M.
name: Lilue, M.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Vulvovaginal atrophy is frequent, can be bothersome and can impair quality of life in postmenopausal women. The main objective of this prospective, randomized study was to compare the acceptability of low-dose vaginal 17β-estradiol (estradiol) tablets and vaginal promestriene cream in postmenopausal women with moderate-to-severe symptomatic vulvovaginal atrophy. Overall, 120 patients were randomized to receive estradiol or promestriene (n = 60 per group). Acceptability was assessed with a specific questionnaire. Symptom intensity, the Vaginal Health Index (VHI), vaginal pH and the Vaginal Maturation Index were also evaluated. Acceptability was higher for estradiol tablets. Compared to promestriene cream, hygiene and ease of use were greater after 4 weeks (p = 0.011 and p = 0.001, respectively) and after 12 weeks (p = 0.009 and p = 0.011, respectively). Reduction of symptom intensity was greater with estradiol. Both treatments improved the VHI and decreased vaginal pH. However, superficial cell percentages increased significantly (p < 0.001) with estradiol but not with promestriene (p = 0.241), with a statistically significant difference between means (p = 0.004). Our results support the use of vaginal low-dose estradiol tablets as compared to vaginal promestriene cream for the management of moderate-to-severe symptomatic vulvovaginal atrophy in postmenopausal women. NCT04232813
title: Populists in Government
Creators: name: Reinl, Ann-Kathrin
name: Katsanidou, Alexia
Publisher: name: GESIS - Leibniz Institute for the Social Sciences
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/018afyw53
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Greece
subject: Populism
subject: European Sovereign Debt Crisis

description: Populist parties in government show high levels of resilience despite their policy failures. The inevitable reality check and the lack of success in implementing proposed policies does not seem to harm populist parties electorally. In our paper Populists in Government: Voter Defection and Party Resilience published in the Journal of Representation in January 2020, we examine the case of crisis-ridden Greece. To be more precise, we study under which conditions former voters for the populist government continue their electoral support despite policy failures. To that end, we analyze data collected immediately after the Greek federal elections held in September 2015.
description: Populistische Parteien in der Regierung zeigen trotz ihres politischen Versagens ein hohes Maß an Widerstandsfähigkeit. Die unvermeidliche Realitätsprüfung und der mangelnde Erfolg bei der Umsetzung der vorgeschlagenen Politik scheinen den populistischen Parteien bei den Wahlen nicht zu schaden. In unserem Paper Populists in Government: Voter Defection and Party Resilience, das im Januar 2020 im Journal of Representation veröffentlicht wurde, untersuchen wir den Fall des krisengeschüttelten Griechenlands. Genauer gesagt untersuchen wir, unter welchen Bedingungen ehemalige Wähler*innen bei den Wahlen ihre Unterstützung für die populistische Regierung trotz politischer Misserfolge fortsetzen. Zu diesem Zweck analysieren wir Daten, die unmittelbar nach den griechischen Parlamentswahlen vom September 2015 erhoben wurden.
description: GESIS Blog
Comment on A novel two-dimensional boron carbon nitride (BCN) monolayer: A first-principles insight [J. Appl. Phys. 2021, 130, 114301]
Creators: name: Mortazavi, Bohayra
name: Shojaei, Fazel
name: Neek-Amal, Mehdi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, Bafekry et al. [J. Appl. Phys. 130, 114301(2021)] reported their density functional theory (DFT) results on the structural, phonon dispersion, elastic constants and electronic properties of a BCN monolayer. The aforementioned theoretical work however includes erroneous results and discussions, as will be explained in the following.
description: Journal of Applied Physics 2022
Mnesicles crenatus
Creators: name: Tan, Ming Kai
name: Japir, Razy
name: Chung, Arthur Y. C.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Orthoptera
Chorotypidae
Mnesicles
Mnesicles crenatus

description: Mnesicles crenatus (Haan, 1842)
(Figs. 8, 9)
Acridium (Mastax) crenatum Haan, 1842: 163
Mastax? crenata — Walker, 1870: 792
Mnesicles crenatus — Kirby, 1910: 74; Willemse, 1928: 16; Bolívar, 1930: 198
Material examined. Holotype (male), Borneo, Doesoen [= north Borneo or Sabah?] (RMNH INS. 1277500)
Remarks. The male holotype was reported to be very damaged, with missing abdomen and hind legs (Willemse, 1928). Bolívar (1930, 1931) was not confident about the generic status of Uvarovia gracilipes, but placed this species as an Mnesicles based on the slightly arching tegmina and more elongated hind wings. From the description by Bolívar (1930), we know it differs from Bornean Uvarovia by the presence of dorsal tubercles on the 6 th and 7 th tergites, abdominal apex dilated, with arched or spiny margins (absence in Uvarovia).
description: Published as part of Tan, Ming Kai, Japir, Razy & Chung, Arthur Y. C., 2022, Contribution to the taxonomy of Uvarovia (Orthoptera: Chorotypidae: Mnesicleinae) from Borneo and Malay Peninsula, pp. 533-546 in Zootaxa 5093 (5) on page 544, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5093.5.3, http://zenodo.org/record/5964443