cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Pareto Probing: Trading Off Accuracy for Complexity
Creators: name: Pimentel, Tiago
name: Saphra, Naomi
name: Williams, Adina
name: Cotterell, Ryan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The question of how to probe contextual word representations for linguistic structure in a way that is both principled and useful has seen significant attention recently in the NLP literature. In our contribution to this discussion, we argue for a probe metric that reflects the fundamental trade-off between probe complexity and performance: the Pareto hypervolume. To measure complexity, we present a number of parametric and non-parametric metrics. Our experiments using Pareto hypervolume as an evaluation metric show that probes often do not conform to our expectations -- e.g., why should the non-contextual fastText representations encode more morpho-syntactic information than the contextual BERT representations? These results suggest that common, simplistic probing tasks, such as part-of-speech labeling and dependency arc labeling, are inadequate to evaluate the linguistic structure encoded in contextual word representations. This leads us to propose full dependency parsing as a probing task. In support of our suggestion that harder probing tasks are necessary, our experiments with dependency parsing reveal a wide gap in syntactic knowledge between contextual and non-contextual representations.
description: Tiago Pimentel and Naomi Saphra contributed equally to this work. Camera ready version of EMNLP 2020 publication. In this new version, we fixed some notation issues in the appendix, and added a new appendix section describing our MLP. Code available in https://github.com/rycolab/pareto-probing
Tested Through Fire: Paul, Jeremiah, and 1Th 2:4 (+ Handout)
Creators: name: Collier, Gary D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: 1Thess 2:4, Paul as Prophet, Jeremiah 11-20, Jer 11:20, Jer 12:20, tested by God, approved by God,

description: Explores whether 1Th 2:4 alludes specifically to Jer 11:20 (and other Jeremiah texts) as an indication that Paul sees himself as a prophet in the same sense as Jeremiah.
description: Presented to the Stone-Campbell Scholars Conference 2023/04/15
An Accurate and Fully-Automated Ensemble Model for Weekly Time Series Forecasting
Creators: name: Godahewa, Rakshitha
name: Bergmeir, Christoph
name: Webb, Geoffrey I.
name: Montero-Manso, Pablo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Many businesses and industries require accurate forecasts for weekly time series nowadays. However, the forecasting literature does not currently provide easy-to-use, automatic, reproducible and accurate approaches dedicated to this task. We propose a forecasting method in this domain to fill this gap, leveraging state-of-the-art forecasting techniques, such as forecast combination, meta-learning, and global modelling. We consider different meta-learning architectures, algorithms, and base model pools. Based on all considered model variants, we propose to use a stacking approach with lasso regression which optimally combines the forecasts of four base models: a global Recurrent Neural Network model (RNN), Theta, Trigonometric Box-Cox ARMA Trend Seasonal (TBATS) and Dynamic Harmonic Regression ARIMA (DHR-ARIMA), as it shows the overall best performance across seven experimental weekly datasets on four evaluation metrics. Our proposed method also consistently outperforms a set of benchmarks and state-of-the-art weekly forecasting models by a considerable margin with statistical significance. Our method can produce the most accurate forecasts, in terms of mean sMAPE, for the M4 weekly dataset among all benchmarks and all original competition participants.
description: 1 figure, 9 tables
A study of strong pulses detected from PSR B0656+14 using Urumqi 25-m radio telescope at 1540MHz
Creators: name: Tao, Guo-Cun
name: Esamdin, Ali
name: Hu, Hui-Dong
name: Qian, Mao-Fei
name: Li, Jing
name: Wang, Na
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the properties of strong pulses from PSR B0656+14 by analyzing the data obtained using Urumqi 25-m radio telescope at 1540 MHz from August 2007 to September 2010. In 44 hrs of observational data, a total of 67 pulses with signal-to-noise ratios above a 5-σ threshold were detected. The peak flux densities of these pulses are 58 to 194 times that of the average profile, and the pulse energies of them are 3 to 68 times that of the average pulse. These pulses are clustered around phases about 5 degrees ahead of the peak of the average profile. Comparing with the width of the average profile, they are relatively narrow, with the full widths at half-maximum range from 0.28 to 1.78 degrees. The distribution of pulse-energies of the pulses follows a lognormal distribution. These sporadic strong pulses detected from PSR B0656+14 are different in character from the typical giant pulses, and from its regular pulses.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, Accepted by RAA
On the Transition of Non-Newtonian Blood Analogs in Straight and Stenosed Pipe Flow
Creators: name: Li, Lin
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Fluid and Plasma
subject: Engineering--Biomedical
subject: Engineering--Mechanical
subject: Non-Newtonian
subject: Blood analog
subject: Natural transition
subject: Shear layer induced transition
subject: Stenosis

description: The non-linear viscous assumption of blood is evaluated through the use of an aqueous xanthan gum blood analog compared to a commonly used Newtonian analog in in vitro models of healthy and stenotic arteries. Pressure drop of unobstructed steady, unsteady, and post-stenotic flows were measured across laminar, transitional and turbulent regimes of Newtonian pipe flow. Results have shown that the non-Newtonian blood analog could delay the onset of transition and extend laminar flow behaviour to a Reynolds number of 3200 which showed on a macroscale level a good agreement with porcine blood. Subsequently, similar delayed transition was observed for unsteady flow at Womersley numbers of 4 and 6. For post-stenotic flows, the Newtonian to non-Newtonian minor loss ratios were lower than the unobstructed arterial model ratios, suggesting an elongation of the recirculation region for the non-Newtonian analog. These findings indicate the importance of the non-Newtonian viscous behaviour of blood on the resultant flow behaviour and cardiovascular pathologies in such environments.
Foundations of Electromagnetism, Equivalence Principles and Cosmic Interactions
Creators: name: Ni, Wei-Tou
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We look at the foundations of electromagnetism in this chapter of the "eletromagnetism" book. For doing this, after some review (constraints on photon mass etc.), we use two approaches. The first one is to formulate a Parametrized Post-Maxwellian framework to include QED corrections and a pseudoscalar photon interaction. We discuss various vacuum birefringence experiments - ongoing and proposed - to measure these parameters. The second approach is to look at electromagnetism in gravity and various experiments and observations to determine its empirical foundation. We found that the foundation is solid with the only exception of a potentially possible pseudoscalar-photon interaction. We discussed its experimental constraints and look forward to more future experiments.
description: 25 pages, 4 figures, 2 pages, it is written as a chapter for the book "Electromagnetism" (ISBN 979-953-307-400-8) to be published by INTECH (open access), December, 2011
Investigating the effects of smoothness of interfaces on stability of probing nano-scale thin films by neutron reflectometry
Creators: name: Jahromi, S. S.
name: Masoudi, S. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Most of the reflectometry methods which are used for determining the phase of complex reflection coefficient such as reference method and Variation of Surroundings medium are based on solving the Schrödinger equation using a discontinuous and step-like scattering optical potential. However, during the deposition process for making a real sample the two adjacent layers are mixed together and the interface would not be discontinuous and sharp. The smearing of adjacent layers at the interface (smoothness of interface), would affect the reflectivity, phase of reflection coefficient and reconstruction of the scattering length density (SLD) of the sample. In this paper, we have investigated the stability of reference method in the presence of smooth interfaces. The smoothness of interfaces is considered by using a continuous function scattering potential. We have also proposed a method to achieve the most reliable output result while retrieving the SLD of the sample.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures
Nanoemulsion stability: experimental evaluation of the flocculation rate from turbidity measurements
Creators: name: Rahn-Chique, Kareem
name: Puertas, Antonio M.
name: Romero-Cano, Manuel S.
name: Rojas, Clara
name: Urbina-Villalba, German
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The coalescence of liquid drops induces a higher level of complexity compared to the classical studies about the aggregation of solid spheres. Yet, it is commonly believed that most findings on solid dispersions are directly applicable to liquid mixtures. Here, the state of the art in the evaluation of the flocculation rate of these two systems is reviewed. Special emphasis is made on the differences between suspensions and emulsions. In the case of suspensions, the stability ratio is commonly evaluated from the initial slope of the absorbance as a function of time under diffusive and reactive conditions. Puertas and de las Nieves (1997) developed a theoretical approach that allows the determination of the flocculation rate from the variation of the turbidity of a sample as a function of time. Here, suitable modifications of the experimental procedure and the referred theoretical approach are implemented in order to calculate the values of the stability ratio and the flocculation rate corresponding to a dodecane-in-water nanoemulsion stabilized with sodium dodecyl sulfate. Four analytical expressions of the turbidity are tested, basically differing in the optical cross section of the aggregates formed. The first two models consider the processes of: a) aggregation (as described by Smoluchowski) and b) the instantaneous coalescence upon flocculation. The other two models account for the simultaneous occurrence of flocculation and coalescence. The latter reproduce the temporal variation of the turbidity in all cases studied (380 \leq [NaCl] \leq 600 mM), providing a method of appraisal of the flocculation rate in nanoemulsions.
The impact of crack pipe distribution on drug use and healthcare utilization
Creators: name: Jagoe, Leegay
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nursing
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Crack
subject: Pipe
subject: Distribution

description: Safeworks is an Alberta Health Services program in Calgary that was distributing crack pipes as part of public health harm reduction. A survey was conducted with 179 respondents (131 male and 48 female) who received crack pipes from Safeworks. Fifty-six percent of females were Aboriginal and 70.2% of males were Caucasian. Forty-four percent were Hepatitis C positive and 4.4% were HIV positive. Sixty-three percent lived in homeless shelters. Sixty-six percent of respondents increased their access to other Safeworks services since commencement of pipe distribution. Seventy-one percent used a mouthpiece on their pipe, and, 78% in the past year had never burned or cracked their lips or had only done so once or twice. Ninety-five percent usually used glass or pyrex pipes. Fifty-four percent reported smoking more crack when they had their own pipe. Drug injecting frequency decreased for 28.4%. Sixty-six percent shared pipes. The public health implications of the findings are discussed.
Yerba Mate
Creators: name: Armendariz, Sara
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2022
Subjects: Writing Flag Award
Latine
Culture
Appropriation
Assimilation
Indigenous
Argentina
Family

description: This familiar essay discusses the drink of yerba mate as the sacred leafed tea of the Guarani people, the cultural staple of central and southern regions of South America, and the commercialized energy drinks found in university campus markets.
Intramuscular stimulation for chronic myofascial pain
Creators: name: Lau, Choi Chun
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Background: Myofascial pain is a common musculoskeletal disorder characterized by muscles in a contracted state with increased tone and stiffness. It is one of the most common chronic pain syndromes that lead to disability and lower quality of life, creating a significant public health and economic burden. Intramuscular stimulation (IMS) is a dry needling technique that targets specifically chronic myofascial pain and is utilized in multidisciplinary pain centers around the world. Despite its wide use, the effect of IMS has been poorly studied. Methods: We conducted two chart reviews to generate information regarding IMS effectiveness and the feasibility of conducting a randomized clinical trial (RCT). Success rate of pain improvement (at least 1 unit reduction on pain score) was documented in percentage. In addition, an inter-rater reliability test was conducted to assess the consistency among IMS practitioners in examining patients. Intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) and multiple-raters kappa were used to assess the agreement between practitioners in identifying number of taut bands and identifying taut bands in each muscle respectively. Results: From the two chart reviews, we found that a majority of patients (nearly 30%) had their pain for 10 or more years. Most of them had chronic low back pain. The percentage of success was at least 34% (95% CI: 25%, 43%) and 30% (95% CI: 22%, 38%) for worst and average pain (last week) respectively. For inter-rater reliability test, ICC values ranged from 0.64 to 0.77 (substantial agreement) but kappa values of identifying tender taut band in each muscle were ranged from -0.05 (poor agreement) to 0.46 (moderate agreement). Conclusion: Chart review showed positive results regarding short-term effect of IMS in relieving chronic pain and improving pain consequences. Given the difficulty in treating chronic pain, it is worth conducting a sham controlled RCT to further evaluate the effect of IMS. Population characteristics and success rate of pain improvement will be used in justifying the type and size of sample in the design of a RCT. Good consistency among practitioners in treating patients has to be achieved before conducting the RCT.
Therapeutic Interventions for Patients Lacking Medical Insurance: An Ethical Case Study
Creators: name: Burleson, Caleb
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2022
Subjects: Writing Flag Award
Health
Ethics
Athletic Training
Physical Therapy
Medical Insurance
Normative Ethics

description: How do healthcare professionals balance the business model of healthcare and the needs of their patients so that all parties benefit? Healthcare providers can utilize an ethical approach as a way of dissecting complex scenarios where they feel torn between the best interests of their patients and that of their employers. Using normative ethics, individuals and teams can establish practice guidelines to help them navigate dilemmas while still adhering to their professional code of ethics and role fidelity. This paper uses a case scenario to evaluate and apply these principles with a real-world example.
A new stellar mixing process operating below shell convection zones following off-center ignition
Creators: name: Mocák, M.
name: Meakin, Casey A.
name: Müller, E.
name: Siess, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: During most stages of stellar evolution the nuclear burning of lighter to heavier elements results in a radial composition profile which is stabilizing against buoyant acceleration, with light material residing above heavier material. However, under some circumstances, such as off-center ignition, the composition profile resulting from nuclear burning can be destabilizing, and characterized by an outwardly increasing mean molecular weight. The potential for instabilities under these circumstances, and the consequences that they may have on stellar structural evolution, remain largely unexplored. In this paper we study the development and evolution of instabilities associated with unstable composition gradients in regions which are initially stable according to linear Schwarzschild and Ledoux criteria. In particular, we explore the mixing taking place under various conditions with multi-dimensional hydrodynamic convection models based on stellar evolutionary calculations of the core helium flash in a 1.25 \Msun star, the core carbon flash in a 9.3\,\Msun star, and of oxygen shell burning in a star with a mass of 23\,\Msun. The results of our simulations reveal a mixing process associated with regions having outwardly increasing mean molecular weight that reside below convection zones. The mixing is not due to overshooting from the convection zone, nor is it due directly to thermohaline mixing which operates on a timescale several orders of magnitude larger than the simulated flows. Instead, the mixing appears to be due to the presence of a wave field induced in the stable layers residing beneath the convection zone which enhances the mixing rate by many orders of magnitude and allows a thermohaline type mixing process to operate on a dynamical, rather than thermal, timescale. We discuss our results in terms of related laboratory phenomena and associated theoretical developments.
description: accepted for publication in Astrophysical Journal, 9 pages, 8 figures
Deep Learning is Singular, and That's Good
Creators: name: Murfet, Daniel
name: Wei, Susan
name: Gong, Mingming
name: Li, Hui
name: Gell-Redman, Jesse
name: Quella, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In singular models, the optimal set of parameters forms an analytic set with singularities and classical statistical inference cannot be applied to such models. This is significant for deep learning as neural networks are singular and thus "dividing" by the determinant of the Hessian or employing the Laplace approximation are not appropriate. Despite its potential for addressing fundamental issues in deep learning, singular learning theory appears to have made little inroads into the developing canon of deep learning theory. Via a mix of theory and experiment, we present an invitation to singular learning theory as a vehicle for understanding deep learning and suggest important future work to make singular learning theory directly applicable to how deep learning is performed in practice.
Detecting Signatures of Selection in a Population of Lake Whitefish (Coregonus clupeaformis) Subject to Overharvesting in Lesser Slave Lake, Alberta
Creators: name: Chebib, Jobran Maurice
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Fisheries and Aquaculture
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Evolution
subject: selection
subject: fisheries-induced
subject: Population structure
subject: fisheries
subject: harvesting
subject: molecular ecology
subject: Temporal Stability
subject: lake whitefish
subject: Lesser Slave Lake
subject: commercial fisheries
subject: Alberta
subject: microsatellite
subject: single nucleotide polymorphism
subject: SNP
subject: SNP chip
subject: Over exploited
subject: multi mesh test net
subject: gill net
subject: candidate loci
subject: fisheries management
subject: Ecology
subject: population theory
subject: dynamic system
subject: Dynamic
subject: Biology
subject: fish

description: Size-selective harvest has been common practice in over-exploited commercial fish populations. Yet, few studies have shown that selective harvest also implicates non-random selection with regards to genetic composition, or have considered genetic population structure, even though this is necessary to implicate harvest in the evolution of over-exploited fish stocks. I investigated both genetic population structure and selection in a historically over-exploited lake whitefish (Coregonus clupeaformis) population associated with fisheries-induced evolution in Lesser Slave Lake, Alberta, Canada. Archived samples DNA of lake whitefish caught between 1986 and 1999 were genotyped at 20 microsatellite or 51 SNP loci associated with growth the species. Multi-mesh test-netting represents random harvests of genetic variability, whereas individuals harvested using commercial mesh nets represented non-random samples with respect to genetic composition in one SNP associated with metabolism. Selective removal of genetic variation can have unintended evolutionary consequences, which may lead to the collapse of fish stocks.
Lynx grating spectrometer design: Optimizing chirped transmission gratings
Creators: name: Günther, Hans Moritz
name: Heilmann, Ralf K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Lynx is one of four large-mission concept studies for NASA's 2020 Decadal survey. The design reference mission includes an X-ray grating spectrometer (XGS) based on critical-angle transmission (CAT) gratings. In the past we studied different grating sizes and arrangements using traditional flat CAT gratings with constant bar spacing. However, new technology development brings chirped gratings in reach. Using chirped gratings where the grating bar spacing varies over a grating allows us to fill the aperture with larger gratings because the chirp can compensate for some aberrations caused by the deviation of large flat gratings from the Rowland torus. This reduces the area blocked by grating support structures. Using larger gratings also carries potential cost savings. We use ray-tracing to study an XGS design with chirped grating and find that using chirped gratings of $80 * 160$ mm size allows us to reduce the number of gratings from a few thousand to a few hundred, while simultaneously increasing the effective area by 25% and keeping the resolving power constant. Bending those gratings to maintain a constant blaze angle over the entire grating increases the effective area by another 5-10%.
description: will be published in SPIE proceedings
Non-adiabatic effects during the dissociative adsorption of O2 at Ag(111)? A first-principles divide and conquer study
Creators: name: Goikoetxea, Itziar
name: Beltrán, Juan
name: Meyer, Jörg
name: Juaristi, J. Iñaki
name: Alducin, Maite
name: Reuter, Karsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the gas-surface dynamics of O2 at Ag(111) with the particular objective to unravel whether electronic non-adiabatic effects are contributing to the experimentally established inertness of the surface with respect to oxygen uptake. We employ a first-principles divide and conquer approach based on an extensive density-functional theory mapping of the adiabatic potential energy surface (PES) along the six O2 molecular degrees of freedom. Neural networks are subsequently used to interpolate this grid data to a continuous representation. The low computational cost with which forces are available from this PES representation allows then for a sufficiently large number of molecular dynamics trajectories to quantitatively determine the very low initial dissociative sticking coefficient at this surface. Already these adiabatic calculations yield dissociation probabilities close to the scattered experimental data. Our analysis shows that this low reactivity is governed by large energy barriers in excess of 1.1 eV very close to the surface. Unfortunately, these adiabatic PES characteristics render the dissociative sticking a rather insensitive quantity with respect to a potential spin or charge non-adiabaticity in the O2-Ag(111) interaction. We correspondingly attribute the remaining deviations between the computed and measured dissociation probabilities primarily to unresolved experimental issues with respect to surface imperfections.
description: 18 pages including 6 figures
Constraints on the Formation of the Galactic Bulge from Na, Al, and Heavy Element Abundances in Plaut's Field
Creators: name: Johnson, Christian I.
name: Rich, R. Michael
name: Kobayashi, Chiaki
name: Fulbright, Jon P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report chemical abundances of Na, Al, Zr, La, Nd, and Eu for 39 red giant branch (RGB) stars and 23 potential inner disk red clump stars located in Plaut-s low extinction window. We also measure lithium for a super Li-rich RGB star. The abundances were determined by spectrum synthesis of high resolution (R~25,000), high signal-to-noise (S/N~50-100 pixel-1) spectra obtained with the Blanco 4m telescope and Hydra multifiber spectrograph. For the bulge RGB stars, we find a general increase in the [Na/Fe] and [Na/Al] ratios with increasing metallicity, and a similar decrease in [La/Fe] and [Nd/Fe]. Additionally, the [Al/Fe] and [Eu/Fe] abundance trends almost identically follow those of the α-elements, and the [Zr/Fe] ratios exhibit relatively little change with [Fe/H]. The consistently low [La/Eu] ratios of the RGB stars indicate that at least a majority of bulge stars formed rapidly (<1 Gyr) and before the main s-process could become a significant pollution source. In contrast, we find that the potential inner disk clump stars exhibit abundance patterns more similar to those of the thin and thick disks. Comparisons between the abundance trends at different bulge locations suggest that the inner and outer bulge formed on similar timescales. However, we find evidence of some abundance differences between the most metal-poor and metal-rich stars in various bulge fields. The data also indicate that the halo may have had a more significant impact on the outer bulge initial composition than the inner bulge composition. The [Na/Fe] and to a lesser extent [La/Fe] abundances further indicate that the metal-poor bulge, at least at ~1 kpc from the Galactic center, and thick disk may not share an identical chemistry.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ; 66 pages, 17 figures, 3 tables; prior to publication, data tables in electronic form will be made available upon request
Additional file 1 of Subjective and objective nutritional assessment: nurses’ role and the effect of cultural differences
Creators: name: Gbareen, M.
name: Barnoy, S.
name: Theilla, M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1:
A Small Satellite Version of a Broad-band Soft X-ray Polarimeter
Creators: name: Marshall, Herman L.
name: Heine, Sarah N. T.
name: Garner, Alan
name: Gullikson, Eric M.
name: Günther, H. Moritz
name: Leitz, Christopher
name: Masterson, Rebecca
name: Miller, Eric D.
name: Zhang, William
name: Boissay-Malaquin, Rozenn
name: Caiazzo, Ilaria
name: Chakrabarty, Deepto
name: Davidson, Rosemary
name: Gallo, Luigi C.
name: Heilmann, Ralf K.
name: Heyl, Jeremy
name: Kara, Erin
name: Marscher, Alan
name: Schulz, Norbert S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe a new implementation of a broad-band soft X-ray polarimeter, substantially based on a previous design. This implementation, the Pioneer Soft X-ray Polarimeter (PiSoX) is a SmallSat, designed for NASA's call for Astrophysics Pioneers, small missions that could be CubeSats, balloon experiments, or SmallSats. As in the REDSoX Polarimeter, the grating arrangement is designed optimally for the purpose of polarimetry with broad-band focussing optics by matching the dispersion of the spectrometer channels to laterally graded multilayers (LGMLs). The system can achieve polarization modulation factors over 90%. For PiSoX, the optics are lightweight Si mirrors in a one-bounce parabolic configuration. High efficiency, blazed gratings from opposite sectors are oriented to disperse to a LGML forming a channel covering the wavelength range from 35 to 75 Angstroms (165 - 350 eV). Upon satellite rotation, the intensities of the dispersed spectra, after reflection and polarizing by the LGMLs, give the three Stokes parameters needed to determine a source's linear polarization fraction and orientation. The design can be extended to higher energies as LGMLs are developed further. We describe examples of the potential scientific return from instruments based on this design.
description: 20 pages, 8 figures, to appear in Proceedings SPIE, volume 11444
Dualities in persistent (co)homology
Creators: name: de Silva, Vin
name: Morozov, Dmitriy
name: Vejdemo-Johansson, Mikael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Computational Geometry (cs.CG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We consider sequences of absolute and relative homology and cohomology groups that arise naturally for a filtered cell complex. We establish algebraic relationships between their persistence modules, and show that they contain equivalent information. We explain how one can use the existing algorithm for persistent homology to process any of the four modules, and relate it to a recently introduced persistent cohomology algorithm. We present experimental evidence for the practical efficiency of the latter algorithm.
description: 16 pages, 3 figures, submitted to the Inverse Problems special issue on Topological Data Analysis
Performance Evaluation of Blind Channel Equalization Techniques for Chaotic Communication
Creators: name: Iyer, Sivaramakrishnan C N
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Engineering--Electronics and Electrical
subject: software defined radio, chaos communication

description: This thesis focusses on harnessing unique properties of chaotic signals to perform blind channel equalization for direct chaotic spread spectrum and differential chaos shift keying spread spectrum communication systems. The contribution of the thesis is two-fold. Firstly, we compare their performance for an indoor frequency selective fading channel using experimental data from software defined radio (SDR). Secondly, the existing chaos based system identification methods such as minimum phase space volume, minimum non linear prediction error, extended Kalman filter were extended to equalize a multipath fading channel. A comparison is made to test the performance of chaos based blind equalization methods with conventional constant modulus algorithm (CMA) using computer simulations and by processing experimental data from SDR in an off-line mode. The results show that chaos based blind equalization methods can give better performance than conventional CMA.
On the Mass-Loss Rates of Massive Stars in the Low-Metallicity Galaxies IC 1613, WLM and NGC 3109
Creators: name: Tramper, F.
name: Sana, H.
name: de Koter, A.
name: Kaper, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a spectroscopic analysis of VLT/X-Shooter observations of six O-type stars in the low-metallicity (Z ~ 1/7 Z\odot) galaxies IC 1613, WLM and NGC 3109. The stellar and wind parameters of these sources allow us, for the first time, to probe the mass-loss versus metallicity dependence of stellar winds below that of the Small Magellanic Cloud (at Z ~ 1/5Z\odot) by means of a modified wind momentum versus luminosity diagram. The wind strengths that we obtain for the objects in WLM and NGC 3109 are unexpectedly high and do not agree with theoretical predictions. The objects in IC 1613 tend towards a higher than expected mass-loss rate, but remain consistent with predictions within their error bars. We discuss potential systematic uncertainties in the mass-loss determinations to explain our results. However, if further scrutinization of these findings point towards an intrinsic cause for this unexpected sub-SMC mass-loss behavior, implications would include a higher than anticipated number of Wolf-Rayet stars and Ib/Ic supernovae in low-metallicity environments, but a reduced number of long-duration gamma-ray bursts produced through a single-star evolutionary channel.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures; accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal Letters
Quaterionic Construction of the W(F_4) Polytopes with Their Dual Polytopes and Branching under the Subgroups B(B_4) and W(B_3)*W(A_1)
Creators: name: Koca, Mehmet
name: Al-Ajmi, Mudhahir
name: Koca, Nazife
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: 4-dimensional $F_{4} $ polytopes and their dual polytopes have been constructed as the orbits of the Coxeter-Weyl group $W(F_{4})$ where the group elements and the vertices of the polytopes are represented by quaternions. Branchings of an arbitrary \textbf{$W(F_{4})$} orbit under the Coxeter groups $W(B_{4} $ and $W(B_{3}) \times W(A_{1})$ have been presented. The role of group theoretical technique and the use of quaternions have been emphasized
description: 26 pages, 10 figures
Relaying phase synchrony in chaotic oscillator chains
Creators: name: Agrawal, Manish
name: Prasad, Awadhesh
name: Ramaswamy, Ram
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the manner in which the effect of an external drive is transmitted through mutually coupled response systems by examining the phase synchrony between the drive and the response. Two different coupling schemes are used. Homogeneous couplings are via the same variables, while heterogeneous couplings are through different variables. With the latter scenario, synchronization regimes are truncated with increasing number of mutually coupled oscillators, in contrast to homogeneous coupling schemes. Our results are illustrated for systems of coupled chaotic Rössler oscillators.
description: To be appeared in Phys. Rev. E. (2011)
A family-centered positive behavior support approach for a child with autism and an anxiety disorder
Creators: name: Neufeld, Vanessa
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: A large proportion of children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) also experience anxiety-related problem behavior. This study evaluated an approach to behavioral family intervention that synthesized evidence-based practices in Positive Behavior Support (PBS) and the treatment of anxiety disorders in children. The study empirically investigated the effectiveness and acceptability of the integrated approach for ameliorating the anxiety-related problem behavior of a child with autism and an anxiety disorder in a community-based swimming routine. A 4-year-old child with the dual diagnosis of autism and an anxiety disorder, and her mother, who also had an anxiety disorder, participated in the study. The study employed an experimental, single-subject, changing criterion design and a case study time-series design, using a multiple-probe strategy. Results were constrained by the parent’s conditional withdrawal from the study during the intervention phase. A functional relationship was not documented but the approach was correlated with improvement in child participation in the swimming routine along the anxiety hierarchy. The intervention also was associated with a decrease in percentage of intervals of problem behavior but no improvements were observed in latency in minutes to termination or successful completion of the routine or in steps completed in the routine. Parent treatment fidelity data indicated that the parent implemented the PBS support plan with a high degree of accuracy. The parent also rated the plan as being socially valid and contextually appropriate. Results are discussed with reference to previous research, contributions to the literature, future directions, and implications for practitioners and researchers who are involved in interventions for children with ASD and anxiety-related problem behavior.
Graph Polynomials and Group Coloring of Graphs
Creators: name: Bosek, Bartłomiej
name: Grytczuk, Jarosław
name: Gutowski, Grzegorz
name: Serra, Oriol
name: Zając, Mariusz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $Γ$ be an Abelian group and let $G$ be a simple graph. We say that $G$ is $Γ$-colorable if for some fixed orientation of $G$ and every edge labeling $\ell:E(G)\rightarrow Γ$, there exists a vertex coloring $c$ by the elements of $Γ$ such that $c(y)-c(x)\neq \ell(e)$, for every edge $e=xy$ (oriented from $x$ to $y$). Langhede and Thomassen proved recently that every planar graph on $n$ vertices has at least $2^{n/9}$ different $\mathbb{Z}_5$-colorings. By using a different approach based on graph polynomials, we extend this result to $K_5$-minor-free graphs in the more general setting of field coloring. More specifically, we prove that every such graph on $n$ vertices is $\mathbb{F}$-$5$-choosable, whenever $\mathbb{F}$ is an arbitrary field with at least $5$ elements. Moreover, the number of colorings (for every list assignment) is at least $5^{n/4}$.
description: 14 pages
Ballistic spin filtering across the ferromagnetic-semiconductor interface
Creators: name: Li, Y. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ballistic spin-filter effect from a ferromagnetic metal into a semiconductor has theoretically been studied with an intention of detecting the spin polarizability of density of states in FM layer at a higher energy level. The physical model for the ballistic spin filtering across the interface between ferromagnetic metals and semiconductor superlattice is developed by exciting the spin polarized electrons into n-type AlAs/GaAs superlattice layer at a much higher energy level and then ballistically tunneling through the barrier into the ferromagnetic film. Since both the helicity-modulated and static photocurrent responses are experimentally measurable quantities, the physical quantity of interest, the relative asymmetry of spin-polarized tunneling conductance, could be extracted experimentally in a more straightforward way, as compared with previous models. The present physical model serves guidance for studying spin detection with advanced performance in the future.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures
Additional file 1 of Simvastatin does not alleviate muscle pathology in a mouse model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy
Creators: name: Mucha, Olga
name: Podkalicka, Paulina
name: Kaziród, Katarzyna
name: Samborowska, Emilia
name: Dulak, Józef
name: Łoboda, Agnieszka
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Figure 1. Simvastatin treatment does not change inflammation and fibrosis in the diaphragm of mdx mice. (A) Representative pictures of hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining with semi-quantitative analysis of inflammation; scale bar: 100 μm; mean ± SEM; n=4-6/group. (B) Unaffected by simvastatin treatment expression of Hmox1 gene, presented as a mean ± SEM; n=10-13, qRT-PCR. (C) Representative photos of Masson’s trichrome staining with semi-quantitative analysis of collagen deposition showing no alterations in the extent of fibrosis of simvastatin-treated animals; scale bar: 100 μm; n=5-6/group. (D) Unaffected by simvastatin treatment expression of Spp1 gene, presented as a mean ± SEM; n=10-13; qRT-PCR (E). Unchanged by the treatment expression of fibrotic markers: Tgfb1, Mmp11, and Col1a1 mRNA; n=12-13/group, WT level marked with the dotted line; qRT-PCR. Data are presented as mean ± SEM. No changes in diaphragm (F) cross-sectional area (CSA) (G), muscle fiber size, and (H) percentage of CNF were observed in statin-treated mdx mice; n=5-6; presented as mean ± SEM; * for mdx simvastatin vs. mdx vehicle and $ for mdx vehicle vs. WT comparison; *p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001, $ p < 0.05, $$$ p < 0.001, $$$$ p < 0.0001. Supplementary Figure 2. Simvastatin treatment has no impact on angiogenic markers in the diaphragm muscle of mdx mice. (A) Decreased mRNA level of angiogenesis-related Vegfa in diaphragm muscle of vehicle-treated mdx mice and no changes in Kdr, Ang1, and Cxcl12; n=12-13/group; presented as mean ± SEM; WT level marked with the dotted line; qRT-PCR. The unaffected protein level of (B) VEGF, (C) SDF-1, and (D) CD105 in diaphragm muscle of statin-receiving animals; n=5-6/group; presented as mean ± SEM, ELISA. (E) The quantitative analysis and representative photos of blood vessels performed based on CD31/α-SMA double staining showing a significant exacerbation in diaphragm muscle of mdx animals treated with simvastatin when compared to the vehicle group; n=5-6/group; presented as mean ± SEM; scale bar: 100 μm; * p < 0.05, ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001. Supplementary Figure 3. Simvastatin does not affect Vegfa mRNA in murine myoblasts. Expression of Vegfa in C2C12 cell line after simvastatin treatment, n=6/group, presented as mean ± SEM.
Structure of nanoparticles embedded in micellar polycrystals
Creators: name: Tamborini, Elisa
name: Ghofraniha, Neda
name: Oberdisse, Julian
name: Cipelletti, Luca
name: Ramos, Laurence
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate by scattering techniques the structure of water-based soft composite materials comprising a crystal made of Pluronic block-copolymer micelles arranged in a face-centered cubic lattice and a small amount (at most 2% by volume) of silica nanoparticles, of size comparable to that of the micelles. The copolymer is thermosensitive: it is hydrophilic and fully dissolved in water at low temperature (T ~ 0°C), and self-assembles into micelles at room temperature, where the block-copolymer is amphiphilic. We use contrast matching small-angle neuron scattering experiments to probe independently the structure of the nanoparticles and that of the polymer. We find that the nanoparticles do not perturb the crystalline order. In addition, a structure peak is measured for the silica nanoparticles dispersed in the polycrystalline samples. This implies that the samples are spatially heterogeneous and comprise, without macroscopic phase separation, silica-poor and silica-rich regions. We show that the nanoparticle concentration in the silica-rich regions is about tenfold the average concentration. These regions are grain boundaries between crystallites, where nanoparticles concentrate, as shown by static light scattering and by light microscopy imaging of the samples. We show that the temperature rate at which the sample is prepared strongly influence the segregation of the nanoparticles in the grain-boundaries.
description: accepted for publication in Langmuir
Supplementary document for Application of Hyperspectral Imaging in Environmental Monitoring: Air Pollution Classification and Detection - 7439475.pdf
Creators: name: HUANG, SHU-FANG
name: LU, SONG-CUN
name: Mukundan, Arvind
name: Karmaka, Riya
name: Wang, Hsiang-Chen
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2025
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Hyperspectral Imaging
Magnetization and specific heat of the dimer system CuTe2O5
Creators: name: Eremina, R. M.
name: Gavrilova, T. P.
name: Günther, A.
name: Wang, Zhe
name: Lortz, R.
name: Johnsson, M.
name: Berger, H.
name: von Nidda, H. -A. Krug
name: Deisenhofer, J.
name: Loidl, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on magnetization and specific heat measurements on single-crystalline CuTe2O5. The experimental data are directly compared to theoretical results for two different spin structures, namely an alternating spin-chain and a two-dimensional (2D) coupled dimer model, obtained by Das et al. [Phys. Rev. B 77, 224437 (2008)]. While the analysis of the specific heat does not allow to distinguish between the two models, the magnetization data is in good agreement with the 2D coupled dimer model.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Colored HOMFLY polynomial via skein theory
Creators: name: Zhu, Shengmao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 57M25, 57M27

description: In this paper, we study the properties of the colored HOMFLY polynomials via HOMFLY skein theory. We prove some limit behaviors and symmetries of the colored HOMFLY polynomial predicted in some physicists' recent works.
description: 21 pages, 3 figures