cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Clinical Presentation and Causes of Non-traumatic Spinal Cord Injury: An Observational Study in Emergency Patients
Creators: name: Müller-Jensen, Leonie
name: Ploner, Christoph Johannes
name: Kroneberg, Daniel
name: Schmidt, Wolf Ulrich
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: non-traumatic spinal cord injury
subject: myelopathy
subject: spinal metastases
subject: spinal lesions
subject: multiple sclerosis
subject: myelopathy mimic
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Introduction: Diagnosing non-traumatic spinal cord injury (NTSCI) is often challenging. However, clear discrimination from non-spinal pathologies, e.g., "myelopathy-mimics" (MMs), is critical in preventing long-term disability and death. In this retrospective study we (1) investigated causes of NTSCI, (2) identified clinical markers associated with NTSCI and (3) discuss implications for NTSCI management. Methods: Our sample consisted of 5.913 consecutive neurological and neurosurgical patients who were treated in our emergency department during a one-year period. Patients with a new or worsened bilateral sensorimotor deficit were defined as possible NTSCI. We then compared clinical and imaging findings and allocated patients into NTSCIs and MMs. Results: Of ninety-three included cases, thirty-six (38.7%) were diagnosed with NTSCI. Fifty-two patients (55.9%) were classified as MMs. In five patients (5.4%) the underlying pathology remained unclear. Predominant causes of NTSCI were spinal metastases (33.3%), inflammatory disorders (22.2%) and degenerative pathologies (19.4%). 58.6% of NTSCI patients required emergency treatment. Presence of a sensory level (p = <0.001) and sphincter dysfunction (p = 0.02) were the only significant discriminators between NTSCI and MMs. Conclusion: In our study, one-third of patients presenting with a new bilateral sensorimotor deficit had NTSCI. Of these, the majority required emergency treatment. Since there is a significant clinical overlap with non-spinal disorders, a standardized diagnostic work-up including routine spinal MRI is recommended for NTSCI management, rather than an approach that is mainly based on clinical findings.
Elephant Endotheliotropic Herpesvirus Impact in the European Asian Elephant (Elephas maximus) Population: Are Hereditability and Zoo-Associated Factors Linked with Mortality?
Creators: name: Jesus, Sónia A.
name: Doherr, Marcus G.
name: Hildebrandt, Thomas B.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: EEHV
subject: Elephas maximus
subject: epidemiology
subject: hemorrhagic disease
subject: hereditary
subject: proboscivirus
subject: zoological institution
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::630 Landwirtschaft::630 Landwirtschaft und verwandte Bereiche
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::616 Krankheiten

description: EEHV is a ubiquitous virus, which most likely has co-evolved with elephants and is shed by healthy individuals and maintained in the herds. Yet, the factors determining calf susceptibility to the virus remain unknown. Here, we explored the impact of EEHV-HD in the European captive Asian elephant population in a retrospective statistical study spanning the last 35 years. We show that EEHV-HD was implicated in more than half of all deaths recorded in calves older than one months old. Moreover, the median age across EEHV-HD fatalities was significantly lower compared to other death causes. Finally, we investigated if heredity and zoo-associated factors could be linked to a higher susceptibility of calves to this disease. We used a univariable logistic regression model to evaluate if either fathers, mothers, or zoos could, separately, be considered as risk factors to the development of the disease. Afterwards, we used a two multivariable model, combining: (1) fathers and zoos, and (2) mothers and zoos. Overall, we found that two fathers, one mother, and four zoos had three or more times higher risk of their calves becoming sick when compared to all others, pointing us to the presence of a management or environmental element, which can have paternal and maternal influence and leads to calf susceptibility or resistance to EEHV-HD.
Thoracic Surgery in the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Novel Approach to Reach Guideline Consensus
Creators: name: Dziodzio, Tomasz
name: Knitter, Sebastian
name: Wu, Helen Hairun
name: Ritschl, Paul Viktor
name: Hillebrandt, Karl-Herbert
name: Jara, Maximilian
name: Juraszek, Andrzej
name: Öllinger, Robert
name: Pratschke, Johann
name: Rückert, Jens
name: Neudecker, Jens
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: SARS-CoV-2
subject: COVID-19
subject: thoracic surgery
subject: recommendations
subject: guidelines
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: The COVID-19 pandemic challenges international and national healthcare systems. In the field of thoracic surgery, procedures may be deferred due to mandatory constraints of the access to diagnostics, staff and follow-up facilities. There is a lack of prospective data on the management of benign and malignant thoracic conditions in the pandemic. Therefore, we derived recommendations from 14 thoracic societies to address key questions on the topic of COVID-19 in the field of thoracic surgery. Respective recommendations were extracted and the degree of consensus among different organizations was calculated. A high degree of consensus was found to temporarily suspend non-critical elective procedures or procedures for benign conditions and to prioritize patients with symptomatic or advanced cancer. Prior to hospitalization, patients should be screened for respiratory symptoms indicating possible COVID-19 infection and most societies recommended to screen all patients for COVID-19 prior to admission. There was a weak consensus on the usage of serology tests and CT scans for COVID-19 diagnostics. Nearly all societies suggested to postpone elective procedures in patients with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 and recommended constant reevaluation of these patients. Additionally, we summarized recommendations focusing on precautions in the theater and the management of chest drains. This study provides a novel approach to informed guidance for thoracic surgeons during the COVID-19 pandemic in the absence of scientific evidence-based data.
Mouse Liver Compensates Loss of Sgpl1 by Secretion of Sphingolipids into Blood and Bile
Creators: name: Spohner, Anna Katharina
name: Jakobi, Katja
name: Trautmann, Sandra
name: Thomas, Dominique
name: Schumacher, Fabian
name: Kleuser, Burkhard
name: Lütjohann, Dieter
name: El-Hindi, Khadija
name: Grösch, Sabine
name: Pfeilschifter, Josef
name: Saba, Julie D.
name: Meyer Zu Heringdorf, Dagmar
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: sphingosine-1-phosphate
subject: SGPL1
subject: ceramides
subject: cholesterol
subject: liver
subject: bile
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::616 Krankheiten

description: Sphingosine 1 phosphate (S1P) lyase (Sgpl1) catalyses the irreversible cleavage of S1P and thereby the last step of sphingolipid degradation. Loss of Sgpl1 in humans and mice leads to accumulation of sphingolipids and multiple organ injuries. Here, we addressed the role of hepatocyte Sgpl1 for regulation of sphingolipid homoeostasis by generating mice with hepatocyte-specific deletion of Sgpl1 (Sgpl1HepKO mice). Sgpl1HepKO mice had normal body weight, liver weight, liver structure and liver enzymes both at the age of 8 weeks and 8 months. S1P, sphingosine and ceramides, but not glucosylceramides or sphingomyelin, were elevated by ~1.5–2-fold in liver, and this phenotype did not progress with age. Several ceramides were elevated in plasma, while plasma S1P was normal. Interestingly, S1P and glucosylceramides, but not ceramides, were elevated in bile of Sgpl1HepKO mice. Furthermore, liver cholesterol was elevated, while LDL cholesterol decreased in 8-month-old mice. In agreement, the LDL receptor was upregulated, suggesting enhanced uptake of LDL cholesterol. Expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ, liver X receptor and fatty acid synthase was unaltered. These data show that mouse hepatocytes largely compensate the loss of Sgpl1 by secretion of accumulating sphingolipids in a specific manner into blood and bile, so that they can be excreted or degraded elsewhere
Photo Vignette - T’łisalagi’ lakw School, ‘Yalis (Alert Bay), BC, early days
Creators: name: Culhane, Dara
Publisher: name: BC Studies: The British Columbian Quarterly
Year: 2019

description: Photo Vignette - T’łisalagi’ lakw School, ‘Yalis (Alert Bay), BC, early days
description: BC Studies: The British Columbian Quarterly, No 200: Winter 2018/19
Combinatorial Approach Towards Materials for Optical Ion Sensors
Creators: name: Chojnacki, Pawel
name: Werner, Tobias
name: Wolfbeis, Otto S.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Combinatorial chemistry; optical sensors; ionophores; ion sensors; fluorescence
subject: 540 Chemie

description: We report on the results of a combinatorial approach for the optimization of materials for use in fluorescent sensing of metal ions, primarily alkali ions. The sensor materials studied are composed of a hydrogel containing an emulsion of a lipophilic plasticizer, the latter incorporating an ion carrier and a polarity-sensitive dye that acts as a fluorescent reporter probe. The carriers were varied, and the response of all sensor materials to 24 electrolyte solutions was studied using a microtiterplate format, the sensor layers being deposited on the bottom of the wells. The method is shown to enable fast screening of ion carrier-based sensors with respect to sensor composition, response time, signal change, and selectivity.
Luminescence Decay Time-Based Determination of Potassium Ions
Creators: name: Krause, Christian
name: Werner, Tobias
name: Huber, Christian
name: Klimant, Ingo
name: Wolfbeis, Otto S.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: 540 Chemie

description: A luminescence decay time-based potassium ion sensor is presented which applies the ion-exchange principle. The bulk membrane consists of valinomycin, plasticized PVC, and the ruthenium(II) tris-4,4‘-diphenyl-2,2‘-bipyridyl bromothymol blue ion pair [Ru(dibipy)3](BTB)2 as a proton donor. The efficacy of radiationless energy transfer from the donor (the ruthenium complex) to the acceptor (BTB) is mediated by the potassium ion concentration. The concentration of potassium ions can be calculated from either luminescence intensity or decay time. At pH 8.7, the working function ranges from 1 to 100 mM KCl.
Capacitive Approach To Determine Phospholipase A2 Activity toward Artificial and Natural Substrates
Creators: name: Mirsky, Vladimir M.
name: Mass, Markus
name: Krause, Christian
name: Wolfbeis, Otto S.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: 540 Chemie

description: A capacitive approach has been employed to develop a novel method to determine phospholipase activity. The sensing electrodes have a structure like Au/S(CH2)17CH3/substrate/electrolyte. Hydrolysis of the substrate, mediated by phospholipase A2, leads to the formation of water-soluble products from the insoluble substrate. This results in desorption of these products into aqueous phase and corresponding increase of the electrode capacitance. The requirement of high water solubility of the reaction products can be achieved in two ways. In the first, short-chain phospholipids are used as the substrate, in which case, water-soluble products are formed and no additional reagents are required to promote desorption of these products. The sensors prepared by this strategy provide sensitive qualitative detection of phospholipases. The second way is based on the use of a water-soluble acceptor (for example, β-cyclodextrin) to solubilize the products of hydrolysis. It allows semiquantitative detection of phospholipase activity toward long-chain natural substrates. The reaction kinetics for this case was found to be monoexponential and linearly dependent on the phospholipase concentration. The detection limit of this method, as tested with phospholipase A2 from bee venom and soy bean lecithin as the substrate, is 0.5 ng/mL (500 μunits/mL).
Superstructures par agrégation contrôlée de nanocolloïdes: caractérisation structurale par diffusion de neutrons aux petits angles et simulation numérique
Creators: name: Berret, Jean-Francois
name: Oberdisse, Julian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The complexation of micelles or charged nanoparticles with neutral-charged block copolymers in aqueous solutions leads to the formation of colloidal superstructures also termed 'colloidal complexes'. Their primary interest relies in their monodispersity in size, and in their increased domain of stability. In this review, the structural characterization by dynamic light scattering, cryo-TEM, and small angle neutron scattering is presented. Small angle neutron scattering results have been analyzed using numerical simulations - Monte Carlo or reverse Monte Carlo (RMC). Such simulations are useful to show the compatibility between different models of colloidal superstructures, and experiment. Our results have allowed us to propose a generic structure of complex colloids, made of a dense core of interacting colloids, bridged by polyelectrolyte blocks, and a hydrated corona. We have shown that such superstructures are formed systematically in these systems, with either micelles or nanoparticles, for different copolymers, and different charges. The text is in French.
Detection of Epstein-Barr virus DNA in nasopharyngeal carcinoma using a non-radioactive digoxigenin-labelled probe
Creators: name: Permeen, A. M.
name: Sam, C. K.
name: Pathmanathan, R.
name: Prasad, U.
name: Wolf, Hans J.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1990
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin
subject: Cell Line
subject: DNA Probes
subject: DNA, Viral/analysis
subject: Digoxigenin/diagnostic use
subject: Digoxin/analogs & derivatives
subject: False Positive Reactions
subject: Herpesvirus 4, Human/genetics
subject: Immunoenzyme Techniques
subject: Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms/microbiology
subject: Nucleic Acid Hybridization
subject: Specimen Handling
subject: Tritium/diagnostic use

description: The presence of Epstein Barr virus (EBV) DNA in biopsies from the post-nasal space (PNS) of patients suspected of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) was detected by in situ cytohybridization with an EBV DNA probe labelled with the novel labelling compound digoxigenin. The digoxigenin probe was hybridised to cryostat sections of NPC biopsies and subsequently detected by an enzyme immunoassay procedure. It was found that in situ cytohybridization using the digoxigenin probe was much more rapid and sensitive (96 h compared to five weeks) than the current method of using 3H-labelled probe. Using the digoxigenin EBV probe, it was found that in all the eighteen NPC biopsies tested, EBV DNA was detected in malignant epithelial cells and infiltrating lymphocytes. EBV DNA was also detected in some normal epithelial cells in these NPC biopsies. EBV DNA was not detected in epithelial cells of non-malignant biopsies.
Revisiting Constraints on Fourth Generation Neutrino Masses
Creators: name: Carpenter, Linda M.
name: Rajaraman, Arvind
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit the current experimental bounds on fourth-generation Majorana neutrino masses, including the effects of right handed neutrinos. Current bounds from LEPII are significantly altered by a global analysis. We show that the current bounds on fourth generation neutrinos decaying to eW and mu W can be reduced to about 80 GeV (from the current bound of 90 GeV), while a neutrino decaying to tau W can be as light as 62.1 GeV. The weakened bound opens up a neutrino decay channel for intermediate mass Higgs, and interesting multi-particle final states for Higgs and fourth generation lepton decays.
description: 7 pages 1 fig
Essays on credit booms and rational bubbles
Creators: name: Pannella, Pierluca
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Why are credit booms and bubbles harmful to the economy? A dominant view points to the risk of bust. Traditional theories of bank runs and recent theories of rational bubbles describe the costs of jumping to a bad equilibrium when the economy accumulates too much debt. In this work, I propose a theory of rational bubbles where the boom, not the ensuing bust, reduces the output by promoting a misallocation of factors. In the model presented in Chapter 2, financial markets are imperfect and the rise of a bubble alleviates credit constraints and boosts capital accumulation. However, capital accumulation occurs in unproductive sectors and aggregate output is reduced. The result is driven by the fact that heterogeneous borrowers have an advantage with respect to issuing different types of debt contracts. In normal times, High-productive borrowers have higher collateral and thereby attract most of the funds. In bubbly times, borrowers can also issue “bubbly debt,” a debt that is repaid with future debt. The possibility to keep a pyramid scheme and raise bubbly debt depends on the probability of surviving in the market. Therefore, a bubble misallocates resources towards borrowers with low fundamental risk, even if they invest in projects with lower productivity. In Chapter 3, I propose an augmented version of the model with nominal rigidities. The goal is to explain the timing of expansions and recessions during “bubbly episodes.” In this version of the model, the initial boom in output is caused by a positive demand effect; the long run reduction in TFP is driven by a misallocation process. In this chapter, I also analyze the optimal policy prescriptions. In particular, I stress the importance of the central bank monopoly on the issuing of bubble-like instruments. Finally, Chapter 4 presents an investigation of American banks’ balance sheets motivated by the theory of the previous chapters. I test models of credit bubbles versus models of liquidity transformation. I provide evidence that the recent expansion in liquid debt instruments can be interpreted by the emergence of a bubble on bank’s liabilities.
Identification and characterization of conserved and variable regions in the envelope gene of HTLV-III/LAV, the retrovirus of AIDS
Creators: name: Starcich, B. R.
name: Hahn, B. H.
name: Shaw, G. M.
name: McNeely, P. D.
name: Modrow, Susanne
name: Wolf, Hans J.
name: Parks, E. S.
name: Parks, W. P.
name: Josephs, S. F.
name: Gallo, R. C.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1986
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin
subject: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/microbiology
subject: Amino Acid Sequence
subject: Base Sequence
subject: Deltaretrovirus/isolation & purification
subject: Gene Products, gag
subject: Genes, Viral
subject: Genetic Variation
subject: Nucleic Acid Conformation
subject: RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase/genetics
subject: Retroviridae Proteins/genetics
subject: Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid
subject: Viral Envelope Proteins/genetics
subject: Viral Proteins/genetics

description: To determine the extent and nature of genetic variation present in independent isolates of HTLV-III/LAV, the nucleotide sequences of the entire envelope gene and parts of gag and pol were determined for two AIDS viruses. The results indicated that variation throughout the viral genome is extensive and that the envelope gene in particular is most highly variable. Within the envelope, changes were most prevalent within the extracellular region where clustered nucleotide substitutions and deletions/insertions were evident. Based on predicted secondary protein structure and hydrophilicity, these hypervariable regions represent potential antigenic sites. In contrast to the hypervariable regions, other sequences in the extracellular envelope and the overall envelope structure (including 18 of 18 cysteine residues), as well as most of the transmembrane region, were highly conserved.
High Efficacy of Therapeutic Equine Hyperimmune Antibodies Against SARS-CoV-2 Variants of Concern
Creators: name: Moreira-Soto, Andres
name: Arguedas, Mauricio
name: Brenes, Hebleen
name: Buján, Willem
name: Corrales-Aguilar, Eugenia
name: Díaz, Cecilia
name: Echeverri, Ann
name: Flores-Díaz, Marietta
name: Gómez, Aarón
name: Hernández, Andrés
name: Herrera, María
name: León, Guillermo
name: Macaya, Román
name: Kühne, Arne
name: Molina-Mora, José Arturo
name: Mora, Javier
name: Sanabria, Alfredo
name: Sánchez, Andrés
name: Sánchez, Laura
name: Segura, Álvaro
name: Segura, Eduardo
name: Solano, Daniela
name: Soto, Claudio
name: Stynoski, Jennifer L.
name: Vargas, Mariángela
name: Villalta, Mauren
name: Reusken, Chantal B. E. M.
name: Drosten, Christian
name: Gutiérrez, José María
name: Alape-Girón, Alberto
name: Drexler, Jan Felix
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: equine antibodies
subject: SARS-CoV-2
subject: therapy
subject: variant of concern
subject: PRNT titers 50
subject: neutralization test
subject: COVID-19
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern show reduced neutralization by vaccine-induced and therapeutic monoclonal antibodies; therefore, treatment alternatives are needed. We tested therapeutic equine polyclonal antibodies (pAbs) that are being assessed in clinical trials in Costa Rica against five globally circulating variants of concern: alpha, beta, epsilon, gamma and delta, using plaque reduction neutralization assays. We show that equine pAbs efficiently neutralize the variants of concern, with inhibitory concentrations in the range of 0.146-1.078 μg/mL, which correspond to extremely low concentrations when compared to pAbs doses used in clinical trials. Equine pAbs are an effective, broad coverage, low-cost and a scalable COVID-19 treatment.
Fundamental Review: Optical sensors for determination of heavy metal ions
Creators: name: Oehme, Ines
name: Wolfbeis, Otto S.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: optical sensors - heavy metal sensors - photometry - indicators - polymers for sensors
subject: 540 Chemie

description: A review is given on optical means for single shot testing (probing) as well as continuous monitoring (sensing) of heavy metal ions (HMs). Following an introduction into indicator based approaches, we discuss the types of indicator dyes and polymeric supports used, as well as existing sensing schemes for HMs. The wealth of information is compiled in the form of tables and critically reviewed. Notwithstanding the tremendous work performed so far, it is obvious that still severe limitations do exist in terms of selectivity, limits of detection, dynamic ranges, applicability to specific problems, and reversibility. On the other hand, such sensors have found — and will find — their application whenever rapid and cost-effective testing is required, where personnel is scarce or unskilled, and in field tests. Despite their limitations, the number of such sensors (and of irreversible probes) for HMs is likely to increase in future.
Time-Resolved Fluorescent Imaging of Glucose
Creators: name: Schäferling, Michael
name: Wu, Meng
name: Wolfbeis, Otto S.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Optical sensor - time-resolved fluorescence imaging - europium tetracycline - glucose sensor
subject: 540 Chemie

description: A method for the fluorescent imaging of glucose is described that is based on the detection of enzymatically produced hydrogen peroxide, using the europium(III) tetracycline complex as the fluorescent probe incorporated into a hydrophilic polymer layer. Coadsorption of glucose oxidase (GOx) makes these sensor layers respond to the hydrogen peroxide produced by the GOx-assisted oxidation of glucose. The hydrogel layers are integrated into a 96-microwell plate for a parallel and simultaneous detection of various samples. Glucose is visualized by means of time resolved luminescence lifetime imaging. Unlike in previous methods, the determination of H2O2 does not require the addition of peroxidase or a catalyst to form a fluorescent product. The lifetime-based images obtained are compared with conventional fluorescence intensity-based methods with respect to sensitivity and the dynamic range of the sensor layer. The main advantages provided by this sensing scheme for H2O2 include reversibility, applicability at neutral pH, and the straightforwardness of the transducer system and the imaging device.
Maintenance of Elective Patient Care at Berlin University Children's Hospital During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Creators: name: Terliesner, Nicolas
name: Rosen, Alexander
name: Kaindl, Angela M.
name: Reuter, Uwe
name: Lippold, Kai
name: Mall, Marcus A.
name: Bernuth, Horst Von
name: Gratopp, Alexander
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: COVID-19
subject: SARS-CoV-2
subject: university children's hospital
subject: elective patient care
subject: decentralized admission
subject: nosocomial infection
subject: staff sick ratio
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Background: In Germany, so far the COVID-19 pandemic evolved in two distinct waves, the first beginning in February and the second in July, 2020. The Berlin University Children's Hospital at Charité (BCH) had to ensure treatment for children not infected and infected with SARS-CoV-2. Prevention of nosocomial SARS-CoV-2 infection of patients and staff was a paramount goal. Pediatric hospitals worldwide discontinued elective treatments and established a centralized admission process. Methods: The response of BCH to the pandemic adapted to emerging evidence. This resulted in centralized admission via one ward exclusively dedicated to children with unclear SARS-CoV-2 status and discontinuation of elective treatment during the first wave, but maintenance of elective care and decentralized admissions during the second wave. We report numbers of patients treated and of nosocomial SARS-CoV-2 infections during the two waves of the pandemic. Results: During the first wave, weekly numbers of inpatient and outpatient cases declined by 37% (p < 0.001) and 29% (p = 0.003), respectively. During the second wave, however, inpatient case numbers were 7% higher (p = 0.06) and outpatient case numbers only 6% lower (p = 0.25), compared to the previous year. Only a minority of inpatients were tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 by RT-PCR (0.47% during the first, 0.63% during the second wave). No nosocomial infection of pediatric patients by SARS-CoV-2 occurred. Conclusion: In contrast to centralized admission via a ward exclusively dedicated to children with unclear SARS-CoV-2 status and discontinuation of elective treatments, maintenance of elective care and decentralized admission allowed the almost normal use of hospital resources, yet without increased risk of nosocomial infections with SARS-CoV-2. By this approach unwanted sequelae of withheld specialized pediatric non-emergency treatment to child and adolescent health may be avoided.
Implementation of COVID-19 Infection Control Measures by German Dentists: A Qualitative Study to Identify Enablers and Barriers
Creators: name: Müller, Anne
name: Melzow, Florentina Sophie
name: Göstemeyer, Gerd
name: Paris, Sebastian
name: Schwendicke, Falk
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: acceptance
subject: COVID-19
subject: interviews
subject: qualitative
subject: theoretical domains framework
subject: SARS-CoV-2
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Objectives: COVID-19 infection control measures have been recommended for dental practices worldwide. This qualitative study explored barriers and enablers for the implementation of these measures in German dental practices. Methods: Semi-structured phone interviews were conducted in November/December 2020 (purposive/snowball sampling). The Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF) and the Capabilities, Opportunities and Motivations influencing Behaviors model (COM-B) were used to guide interviews. Mayring's content analysis was employed to analyze interviews. Results: All dentists (28-71 years, 4/8 female/male) had implemented infection control measures. Measures most frequently not adopted were FFP2 masks, face shields (impractical), the rotation of teams (insufficient staffing) and the avoidance of aerosol-generating treatments. Dentists with personal COVID-19 experience or those seeing themselves as a role model were more eager to adopt measures. We identified 34 enablers and 20 barriers. Major barriers were the lack of knowledge, guidelines and recommendations as well as limited availability and high costs of equipment. Pressure by staff and patients to ensure infection control was an enabler. Conclusions: Dentists are motivated to implement infection control measures, but lacking opportunities limited the adoption of certain measures. Policy makers and equipment manufacturers should address these points to increase the implementation of infection control measures against COVID-19 and potential future pandemics.
title: Rent Sharing and the Gender Bargaining Gap: Evidence from the Banking Sector
Creators: name: Coskun, Sena
name: Gartner, Hermann
name: Taskin, Ahmet Ali
Publisher: name: Institut für Arbeitsmarkt und Berufsforschung
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/02qcqwf93
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Bank guarantees
subject: rent sharing
subject: gender gap
subject: gender bargaining power gap
subject: bargaining power
subject: gender difference in rent sharing
subject: G21 Banks - Depository Institutions - Micro Finance Institutions - Mortgages
subject: G28 Government Policy and Regulations
subject: J16 Economics of Gender - Non-labor Discrimination
subject: J31 Wage Level and Structure - Wage Differentials
subject: J71 Discrimination

description: IAB-Discussion Paper, 2025-06
description: We use the removal of public bank guarantees in Germany as a quasi-natural experiment to estimate the gender bargaining power gap. Using comprehensive wage data from the universe of banking employees, combined with bank-level financial information, we find that women have approximately two-thirds of the bargaining power of men. Our model-based analysis suggests that this gender bargaining gap alone accounts for 13 to 25 percent of the observed gender wage gap in the sector. These findings highlight an important driver of gender inequality: Changes in firm profitability can reduce the gender wage gap, even without improvements in structural gender equality. This effect has significant implications for high-rent, high-inequality industries such as finance, where rent-sharing mechanisms favor male employees.
description: Wir nutzen den Wegfall staatlicher Bankgarantien in Deutschland als quasi-natürliches Experiment, um den Unterschied zwischen Männern und Frauen bei der Verhandlungsmacht abzuschätzen. Anhand umfassender Lohndaten von Bankangestellten, kombiniert mit Finanzinformationen auf Bankebene, stellen wir fest, dass Frauen etwa zwei Drittel der Verhandlungsmacht von Männern haben. Unsere modellbasierte Analyse legt nahe, dass diese geschlechtsspezifische Verhandlungsmacht allein 13 bis 25 Prozent der beobachteten geschlechtsspezifischen Lohnlücke in der Branche ausmacht. Die Ergebnisse zeigen eine wichtige Ursache der Lohnunterschiede zwischen Männern und Frauen: Eine Veränderung der Profitabilität von Firmen kannn die geschlechtsspezifische Lohnlücke verringern, ohne dass sich die Gleichstellung der Geschlechter strukturell verbessert. Dieser Effekt hat erhebliche Auswirkungen auf Branchen mit hohen Profiten und hoher Ungleichheit wie der Finanzbranche, in denen der Modus der Verteilung der Profite männliche Beschäftigte begünstigt.
description: IAB-Discussion Paper, 2025-06
Dissection of Highly Prevalent qnrS1-Carrying IncX Plasmid Types in Commensal Escherichia coli from German Food and Livestock
Creators: name: Juraschek, Katharina
name: Käsbohrer, Annemarie
name: Malorny, Burkhard
name: Schwarz, Stefan
name: Meemken, Diana
name: Hammerl, Jens André
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: E. coli
subject: qnrS1
subject: IncX
subject: fluoroquinolone
subject: plasmids
subject: transferability
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::579 Mikroorganismen, Pilze, Algen

description: Plasmids are mobile genetic elements, contributing to the spread of resistance determinants by horizontal gene transfer. Plasmid-mediated quinolone resistances (PMQRs) are important determinants able to decrease the antimicrobial susceptibility of bacteria against fluoroquinolones and quinolones. The PMQR gene qnrS1, especially, is broadly present in the livestock and food sector. Thus, it is of interest to understand the characteristics of plasmids able to carry and disseminate this determinant and therewith contribute to the resistance development against this class of high-priority, critically important antimicrobials. Therefore, we investigated all commensal Escherichia (E.) coli isolates, with reduced susceptibility to quinolones, recovered during the annual zoonosis monitoring 2017 in the pork and beef production chain in Germany (n = 2799). Through short-read whole-genome sequencing and bioinformatics analysis, the composition of the plasmids and factors involved in their occurrence were determined. We analysed the presence and structures of predominant plasmids carrying the PMQR qnrS1. This gene was most frequently located on IncX plasmids. Although the E. coli harbouring these IncX plasmids were highly diverse in their sequence types as well as their phenotypic resistance profiles, the IncX plasmids-carrying the qnrS1 gene were rather conserved. Thus, we only detected three distinct IncX plasmids carrying qnrS1 in the investigated isolates. The IncX plasmids were assigned either to IncX1 or to IncX3. All qnrS1-carrying IncX plasmids further harboured a β-lactamase gene (bla). In addition, all investigated IncX plasmids were transmissible. Overall, we found highly heterogenic E. coli harbouring conserved IncX plasmids as vehicles for the most prevalent qnr gene qnrS1. These IncX plasmids may play an important role in the dissemination of those two resistance determinants and their presence, transfer and co-selection properties require a deeper understanding for a thorough risk assessment.
Influence of Age and Breed on Bovine Ovarian Capillary Blood Supply, Ovarian Mitochondria and Telomere Length
Creators: name: Kordowitzki, Paweł
name: Merle, Roswitha
name: Hass, Pascal-Kolja
name: Plendl, Johanna
name: Rieger, Juliane
name: Kaessmeyer, Sabine
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: aging
subject: cattle
subject: ovary
subject: vascularization
subject: capillary
subject: telomere
subject: high producing cattle
subject: dual purpose breed
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::630 Landwirtschaft::636 Viehwirtschaft
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::616 Krankheiten

description: Worldwide, dairy cows of the type of high-producing cattle (HPC) suffer from health and fertility problems at a young age and therefore lose productivity after an average of only three lactations. It is still contentious whether these problems are primarily due to genetics, management, feeding or other factors. Vascularization plays a fundamental role in the cyclic processes of reproductive organs, as well as in the regeneration of tissues. In a previous study, HPC were shown to have a greater ovarian corpus luteum vascularization compared to dual-purpose breeds. We hypothesize that this activated angiogenesis could likely lead to an early exhaustion of HPC′s regenerative capacity and thus to premature reproductive senescence. The objective of this study was to investigate if a HPC breed (Holstein-Friesian, HF) exhibits higher ovarian angiogenesis than a dual-purpose breed (Polish Red cow, PR) and if this is related to early ovarian aging and finally reproductive failure. For this purpose, we assessed the degree of vascularization by means of ovarian blood vessel characterization using light microscopy. As indicators for aging, we measured ovarian mitochondrial size and telomere length in peripheral leukocytes. We report in this study that in both breeds the distance between capillaries became smaller with increasing age and that the mean telomere length decreased with increasing age. The only difference between the two breeds was that PR developed larger capillaries than HF. Neither a relationship between telomere length, nor the morphology of the mitochondrial apparatus and nor angiogenesis in HF was proven. Although the data trends indicated that the proportion of shortened telomeres in HF was higher than in the PR, no significant difference between the two breeds was detected.
A novel approach for the separation of neutral analytes by means of electrochemically assisted injection coupled to capillary electrophoresis – mass spectrometry
Creators: name: Scholz, R.
name: Matysik, Frank-Michael
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: 540 Chemie

description: A novel concept for capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry (CE-MS) studies of neutral analytes is presented. The experimental approach is based on the implementation of electrochemically assisted injection (EAI) which enables the generation of charged species from neutral analytes. In this way electrophoretic separations can be performed without the use of surfactants leading to an excellent compatibility with ESI-MS. Various ferrocene species have been used as model compounds to demonstrate the potential of the EAI-CE-MS technique.
Eclogite xenoliths from the Chidliak kimberlite, Baffin Island, Nunavut, Canada
Creators: name: Pobric, Vedran
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: I studied the petrography, major element chemistry, geothermobarometry, and trace element chemistry of 19 eclogite xenoliths from Chidliak kimberlites (Baffin Island, Nunavut, Canada). These granoblastic, partially melted, mostly bi-mineralic eclogites are composed of pyrope and omphacite, with accessory orthopyroxene, kyanite, and rutile, as well as secondary chlorite, serpentine, phlogopite, amphibole, and spinel. The Chidliak eclogites are classified in the Coleman’s groups A, B, and C based on the garnet composition, and into groups A and B based on the clinopyroxene composition. Parameters of the eclogite formation were calculated by projecting clinopyroxene-garnet temperatures onto a geotherm constrained using Chidliak peridotite xenoliths. Thermobarometry of Chidliak eclogites yields temperatures of 855-1390°C and pressures of 45 70 kbar, i.e. in the diamond stability field. The temperatures may have been overestimated by 50-120°C due to the inability to account for Fe³⁺ in clinopyroxene and garnet. Chidliak eclogites come from the depths similar to those for eclogites of the Slave craton. Whole rock major and trace element composition was reconstructed based on the compositions of clinopyroxene, garnet, and accessory minerals analyzed on the electron microprobe and laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer. Whole rock major element composition of the eclogites suggests that their protoliths could be Archean basalts or oceanic gabbros, modified by partial melting and carbonatitic mantle metasomatism. Metasomatism was responsible for the introduction of Mg into Chidliak eclogites with MgO>16.5 wt. % and the high Zr/Hf values that correlate with the high MgO bulk content. Based on REE and HFSE concentrations, Chidliak eclogites were divided into several groups that show evidence for: 1) the origin in a shallow, low-P, garnet-free source protolith, 2) partial melting and extraction of arc melts, 3) cumulation of plagioclase, and 4) ancient mantle metasomatism by alkali and carbonatitic fluids. I propose two possible tectonic settings for the formation of the studied eclogites: 1) metamorphosed mid-ocean ridge gabbros subducted under the Hall Peninsula Block during the 1.8-1.9 Ga Trans-Hudson orogeny, or alternatively 2) oceanic plateau basalts metamorphosed to Archean greenstone belts of the North Atlantic Craton that sank to the mantle via delamination of the lower crust.
Homogeneous Luminescence Decay Time-Based Assay Using Energy Transfer from Nanospheres
Creators: name: Kürner, Jens M.
name: Wolfbeis, Otto S.
name: Klimant, Ingo
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: 540 Chemie

description: Following a study on the feasibility of resonance energy transfer (RET) from carboxylated nanospheres with an incorporated phosphorescent donor to a cationic polyelectrolyte/acceptor aggregate on their surface, a novel scheme for homogeneous assays is presented that is based on RET from phosphorescent biotinylated nanospheres to fluorescently labeled streptavidin (SA). The phosphorescent nanospheres, with a diameter of well below 50 nm, are made from carboxylated polyacrylonitrile and dyed with ruthenium(II)−tris-4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline dichloride (Ru(dpp)). Due to the small size of the nanospheres and the complete extraction of the ruthenium dye into the nanospheres during the precipitation process, RET occurs from Ru(dpp) to the label if labeled SA binds to the surface of the nanospheres. Luminescence quenching by oxygen or other species present in the sample can be neglected due to the shielding effect of the polymer matrix. Based on this finding, a competitive binding assay was established, where avidin and labeled SA compete for the biotin binding sites on the nanosphere. The process of binding to the surface can be detected by measurement of the luminescence intensity or the apparent decay time which is in the order of 2.5−4.5 μs.
Emulsion-Based Fluorosensors for Potassium Featuring Improved Stability and Signal Change
Creators: name: Krause, Christian
name: Werner, Tobias
name: Huber, Christian
name: Wolfbeis, Otto S.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: 540 Chemie

description: A novel kind of potassium optode is presented which is based on the use of lipophilic droplets containing valinomycin and entrapped in a structured hydrogel. A positively charged solvatochromic dye located near the surface of the droplets responds to the valinomycin-assisted extraction of potassium from the sample by dramatic decrease of fluorescence intensity. The dynamic range is from 5 to 100 mM potassium, with negligible cross sensitivity to ionic strength. Cross sensitivity to pH is negligible too in the pH range from 6.5 to 7.3. The effect of interfering lipophilic anions is discussed. Response times within the dynamic range are less than 3 min on going from low to high potassium ion concentrations but about 10 min in the reverse direction. Response is fully reversible with only small drifts in baseline. The measurement uncertainty of determining 5 mM potassium is better than 0.2 mM.
The structure of the space of affine Kaehler curvature tensors as a complex module
Creators: name: Brozos-Vazquez, M.
name: Gilkey, P.
name: Nikcevic, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53B05, 15A72, 53B35

description: We use results of Matzeu and Nikcevic to decompose the space of affine Kaehler curvature tensors as a direct sum of irreducible modules in the complex setting
Electropolymerized Molecularly Imprinted Polymers as Receptor Layers in Capacitive Chemical Sensors
Creators: name: Panasyuk, Tatiana L.
name: Mirsky, Vladimir M.
name: Piletsky, Sergey A.
name: Wolfbeis, Otto S.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: 540 Chemie

description: The first application of molecularly imprinted polymers to chemical sensors with capacitive detection is described. The sensitive layer was prepared by electropolymerization of phenol on gold electrodes in the presence of the template (phenylalanine). The insulating properties of the polymer layer were studied by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Electrical leakages through the polymer layer were suppressed by deposition of a self-assembled monolayer of mercaptophenol before polymerization and of alkanethiol after polymerization. At the final stage of sensor preparation, the template was removed. The multilayer system obtained displayed a decrease in electrical capacitance on addition of phenylalanine. Only a low response was observed toward other amino acids and phenol.
Structured variable selection and estimation
Creators: name: Yuan, Ming
name: Joseph, V. Roshan
name: Zou, Hui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In linear regression problems with related predictors, it is desirable to do variable selection and estimation by maintaining the hierarchical or structural relationships among predictors. In this paper we propose non-negative garrote methods that can naturally incorporate such relationships defined through effect heredity principles or marginality principles. We show that the methods are very easy to compute and enjoy nice theoretical properties. We also show that the methods can be easily extended to deal with more general regression problems such as generalized linear models. Simulations and real examples are used to illustrate the merits of the proposed methods.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/09-AOAS254 the Annals of Applied Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aoas/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Polarity studies on ormosils using a solvatochromic fluorescent probe
Creators: name: Lobnik, Aleksandra
name: Wolfbeis, Otto S.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: 540 Chemie

description: Ormosils (organically modified siloxanes) are a relatively new family of materials, prepared by the sol–gel method, with properties that are intermediate between those of glasses and polymers. To probe the micropolarity of various solvents and ormosils, a ketocyanine dye (KC) with unique solvatochromic properties in fluorescence was used. KC is an excellent probe and is sensitive to the polarity of its microenvironment. Fluorescence studies revealed remarkable changes in the fluorescence band positions or intensities as a function of the polarity of the ormosil, which depend on the different ormosil precursors used. Storage stability was also investigated.
The $L^2$ restriction norm of a $GL_3$ Maass form
Creators: name: Li, Xiaoqing
name: Young, Matthew P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11F55, 11F72, 11M41, 35P20

description: We prove a sharp upper bound on the $L^2$ norm of a $GL_3$ Maass form restricted to $GL_2 \times \mathbb{R}^{+}$.
description: 42 pages