cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The effects of two parameters on convective boundary layer entrainment
Creators: name: Chaparro, Niamh
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: The atmospheric convective boundary layer has been studied for over thirty years in order to understand the dynamics and scaling behaviour of its growth by entrainment. This enables prediction of its entrainment rate and entrainment zone depth, and so parameterizations thereof for use in global circulation models. Fundamentals, such as the dependence of the entrainment rate and entrainment zone depth on the convective Richardson number, have been established but there is still unresolved discussion about the form of these relationships. Details regarding the structure of the entrainment zone continue to emerge. The variety of convective boundary layer height and entrainment zone depth definitions adds further complexity. The study described in this thesis aims to join this ongoing discussion. A dry, shear-free, idealized convective boundary layer in the absence of large scale winds was modeled using a large eddy simulation. The use of ten ensemble cases enabled calculation of true ensemble averages and potential temperature fluctuations as well as providing smooth average profiles. A range of convective Richardson numbers was achieved by varying the two principle external parameters: surface vertical heat flux and stable upper lapse rate. The gradient method for determining local convective boundary layer height was found to be unreliable so a multi-linear regression method was used instead. Distributions of the local heights thus determined were found to narrow with increased upper stability. Height and entrainment zone depth were then defined based on the ensemble and horizontally averaged potential temperature profile. The resulting relationships of entrainment rate and entrainment zone depth to Richardson number showed behaviour in general agreement with theory and the results of other studies. The potential temperature gradient in the upper convective boundary layer and entrainment zone was seen to depend on the upper lapse rate, as was the positive downward moving temperature fluctuations at the \acs{CBL} top. Overall, once the surface heat flux was accounted for by applying the \acs{CBL} height as a scale, the upper lapse rate emerged as the dominant parameter influencing scaled entrainment zone depth, and potential temperature variance in the entrainment zone and upper convective boundary layer.
The targum (1874:Mar.)
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: Targum Association
Year: 1874

description: Some University historians indicate that the Targum was first published as an annual in 1867, but of this we have no extant evidence. In January 1869, the Targum as we now know it, made its appearance as a monthly paper that concerned itself with student “literary contributions” and college news as well as serving as a vehicle for bringing news to alumni and the general public. The newspaper, which originally was for sale, varied in frequency over the years as did its title (The Targum, Rutgers Targum, Rutgers Daily Targum, and Daily Targum). The newspaper has continuously been published since 1869 with the exception of 19 months during the second world war, between February 1944 and October 1945. The Targum was published by the students of Rutgers College, and later Rutgers University—New Brunswick represented through the years as the Targum Association, Rutgers Targum Association, and Rutgers College Targum. As a student organization, the Targum operated under the oversight of the dean of students and student government but in October 1980, the Targum became an independent college paper.
New physics in $\text{b} \rightarrow \text{s}$ transitions in the MF331 model
Creators: name: Duy, N. T.
name: Thu, P. N.
name: Huong, D. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There are two sources that help to explain the $\text{R}_\text{K}$, $\text{R}_{\text{K}^*}$ anomalies in the MF331 model. The first is non-LFUV couplings of the new neutral gauge boson $\text{Z}^{\prime}$ with leptons, $\text{g}^{\text{Z}^\prime}(e)\neq \text{g}^{\text{Z}^\prime}(μ,τ)$, which causes the $\text{R}_\text{K}$, $\text{R}_{\text{K}^*}$ anomalies via $\text{Z}^\prime$-penguin diagrams involving newly charged gauge bosons $\text{X}^{\pm}_μ$, and exotic U-quarks. The box diagram's contribution is the second source, which induced only the first lepton generation. We show that the penguin diagrams can not explain $\text{R}_\text{K}$, $\text{R}_{\text{K}^*}$ anomalies, and that the box diagram is required. The experimental constraints for $\text{R}_\text{K}$ and $\text{R}_{\text{K}^*}$ result in new particle mass degeneracy. The contributions of NP to the branching ratios $\text{Br}(\text{B}\to μ^+ μ^-), \text{Br}(\text{b}\to s γ)$ predict results that agree with the experimental limits in the allowed region of the NP scale.
description: 25 pages, 7 figures
Analysis of time dynamics in wind records by means of multifractal detrended fluctuation analysis and Fisher-Shannon information plane
Creators: name: Telesca, Luciano
name: Lovallo, Michele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The time structure of more than 10 years of hourly wind data measured in one site in northern Italy from April 1996 to December 2007 is analysed. The data are recorded by the Sodar Rass system, which measures the speed and the direction of the wind at several heights above the ground level. To investigate the wind speed time series at seven heights above the ground level we used two different approaches: i) the Multifractal Detrended Fluctuation Analysis (MF-DFA), which permits the detection of multifractality in nonstationary series, and ii) the Fisher-Shannon (FS) information plane, which allows to discriminate dynamical features in complex time series. Our results point out to the existence of multifractal time fluctuations in wind speed and to a dependence of the results on the height of the wind sensor. Even in the FS information plane a height-dependent pattern is revealed, indicating a good agreement with the multifractality. The obtained results could contribute to a better understanding of the complex dynamics of wind phenomenon.
Kamimuria azunensis Sivec & Stark 2008, sp. n.
Creators: name: Sivec, Ignac
name: Stark, Bill P.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Plecoptera
Perlidae
Kamimuria
Kamimuria azunensis

description: Kamimuria azunensis sp. n. (Figs. 13-20, 72-73) Material examined. Holotype ♂ and 1 ♀ paratype from Vietnam, Gia Lai, An Khe District, Tram Lap, Azun River, 3 km NE forestry building, 21 June 1996, ROM 961076, D. Currie, J. Swann (ROM). Adult habitus. General color pale brown patterned with dark brown. Head pale except for dark brown ocellar triangle (Fig. 13). Basal antennal segment pale, segments 2 through about 10 dark, segments 11 through about 20 alternating dark and light, rest of segments pale. Pronotum pale brown but downturned lateral edges very dark; disc with scattered slightly darker rugosities. Wing membrane pale, veins pale brown. Femora pale except for narrow apical band (Fig. 16); tibiae mostly pale but with narrow basal band and small area of dark pigment at apex; tarsi pale. Male. Forewing length 22 mm. Hemiterga relatively broad basally and narrowed to tip; inner margins with irregular row of fine spines near base (Figs. 14- 15, 20). Tergum 9 with small median lobe and patch of sensilla basiconica; tergum 8 with sensilla basiconica patch extending over most of tergum length; tergum 7 with a few sensilla basiconica in a sparse mesal patch. Hair brushes on sterna 4-7. Aedeagal sac membranous, shaped somewhat like an animal’s head in lateral aspect (Fig. 19); sac armature consists of minute to small spines covering most of ventral surface but reduced on dorsal surface (Fig. 18); small apical area without spines and area between ear-like lobes bare in dorsal aspect. Female. Forewing length 26 mm. Subgenital plate broadly triangular with median notch; plate extends over ca. basal third of segment 9 (Fig. 17). Egg. Inversely conical with short wide collar; sides of collar with irregularly spaced ridges; base of collar smooth. Chorion covered throughout with large pits grading into small, regularly sized pits below micropylar line; ca. 11 rows of pits above micropylar line with ca. 8 pits per row (Figs. 72-73). Larva. Unknown. Etymology. The species name is based on the type locality. Diagnosis. The distinctive black edges to the pronotum help in recognizing this species but the male aedeagus shape in lateral aspect and egg characters are also diagnostic. The egg is similar in general shape to that of K. turbinata but the chorionic pits are relatively smaller in that species (compare Figs. 72 and 86).
description: Published as part of Sivec, Ignac & Stark, Bill P., 2008, New Species Of Kamimuria Klapálek (Plecoptera: Perlidae) From Thailand And Vietnam, With Notes On Chinese Species, pp. 110-138 in Illiesia 4 (12) on pages 114-115, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4758787
Orthogonal polynomials and operator orderings
Creators: name: Hamdi, Adel
name: Zeng, Jiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05A, 33A

description: An alternative and combinatorial proof is given for a connection between a system of Hahn polynomials and identities for symmetric elements in the Heisenberg algebra, which was first observed by Bender, Mead, and Pinsky [Phys. Rev. Lett. 56 (1986), J. Math. Phys. 28, 509 (1987)] and proved by Koornwinder [J. Phys. Phys. 30(4), 1989]. In the same vein two results announced by Bender and Dunne [J. Math. Phys. 29 (8), 1988] connecting a special one-parameter class of Hermitian operator orderings and the continuous Hahn polynomials are also proved.
description: 6 pages, 1 figure
Distributional data analysis via quantile functions and its application to modelling digital biomarkers of gait in Alzheimer's Disease
Creators: name: Ghosal, Rahul
name: Varma, Vijay R.
name: Volfson, Dmitri
name: Hillel, Inbar
name: Urbanek, Jacek
name: Hausdorff, Jeffrey M.
name: Watts, Amber
name: Zipunnikov, Vadim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: With the advent of continuous health monitoring with wearable devices, users now generate their unique streams of continuous data such as minute-level step counts or heartbeats. Summarizing these streams via scalar summaries often ignores the distributional nature of wearable data and almost unavoidably leads to the loss of critical information. We propose to capture the distributional nature of wearable data via user-specific quantile functions (QF) and use these QFs as predictors in scalar-on-quantile-function-regression (SOQFR). As an alternative approach, we also propose to represent QFs via user-specific L-moments, robust rank-based analogs of traditional moments, and use L-moments as predictors in SOQFR (SOQFR-L). These two approaches provide two mutually consistent interpretations: in terms of quantile levels by SOQFR and in terms of L-moments by SOQFR-L. We also demonstrate how to deal with multi-modal distributional data via Joint and Individual Variation Explained (JIVE) using L-moments. The proposed methods are illustrated in a study of association of digital gait biomarkers with cognitive function in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Our analysis shows that the proposed methods demonstrate higher predictive performance and attain much stronger associations with clinical cognitive scales compared to simple distributional summaries.
Classification of quaternary Hermitian self-dual codes of length 20
Creators: name: Harada, Masaaki
name: Munemasa, Akihiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 94B05

description: A classification of quaternary Hermitian self-dual codes of length 20 is given. Using this classification, a classification of extremal quaternary Hermitian self-dual codes of length 22 is also given.
description: 9 pages. To appear in IEEE Transactions on Information Theory
Real-space electronic-structure calculations with full-potential all-electron precision for transition-metals
Creators: name: Ono, Tomoya
name: Heide, Marcus
name: Atodiresei, Nicolae
name: Baumeister, Paul
name: Tsukamoto, Shigeru
name: Blügel, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have developed an efficient computational scheme utilizing the real-space finite-difference formalism and the projector augmented-wave (PAW) method to perform precise first-principles electronic-structure simulations based on the density functional theory for systems containing transition metals with a modest computational effort. By combining the advantages of the time-saving double-grid technique and the Fourier filtering procedure for the projectors of pseudopotentials, we can overcome the egg box effect in the computations even for first-row elements and transition metals, which is a problem of the real-space finite-difference formalism. In order to demonstrate the potential power in terms of precision and applicability of the present scheme, we have carried out simulations to examine several bulk properties and structural energy differences between different bulk phases of transition metals, and have obtained excellent agreement with the results of other precise first-principles methods such as a plane wave based PAW method and an all-electron full-potential linearized augmented plane wave (FLAPW) method.
description: 29 Pages
Triplet pairing mechanisms from Hund's-Kondo models: applications to UTe$_{2}$ and CeRh$_{2}$As$_{2}$
Creators: name: Hazra, Tamaghna
name: Coleman, Piers
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Observing that several U and Ce based candidate triplet superconductors share a common structural motif, with pairs of magnetic atoms separated by an inversion center, we hypothesize a triplet pairing mechanism based on an interplay of Hund's and Kondo interactions that is unique to this structure. In the presence of Hund's interactions, valence fluctuations generate a triplet superexchange between electrons and local moments. The offset from the center of symmetry allows spin-triplet pairs formed by the resulting Kondo effect to delocalize onto the Fermi surface, precipitating superconductivity. We demonstrate this mechanism within a minimal two-channel Kondo lattice model and present support for this pairing mechanism from existing experiments.
description: Comments welcome. 5pages + 4figures + 2 appendices. Typos corrected, improved presentation
A Characterization of Finite EI Categories with Hereditary Category Algebras
Creators: name: Li, Liping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper we give an explicit algorithm to construct the ordinary quiver of a finite EI category for which the endomorphism groups of all objects have orders invertible in the field k. We classify all finite EI categories with hereditary category algebras, characterizing them as free EI categories (in a sense which we define) for which all endomorphism groups of objects have invertible orders. Some applications on the representation types of finite EI categories are derived.
description: 40 pages
Long-term & large-scale viscous evolution of dense planetary rings
Creators: name: Salmon, Julien
name: Charnoz, Sébastien
name: Crida, Aurélien
name: Brahic, André
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the long-term and large-scale viscous evolution of dense planetary rings using a simple 1D numerical code. We use a physically realistic viscosity model derived from N-body simulations (Daisaka et al., 2001), and dependent on the disk's local properties (surface mass density, particle size, distance to the planet). Particularly, we include the effects of gravitational instabilities (wakes) that importantly enhance the disk's viscosity. We show that common estimates of the disk's spreading time-scales with constant viscosity significantly underestimate the rings' lifetime. With a realistic viscosity model, an initially narrow ring undergoes two successive evolutionary stages: (1) a transient rapid spreading when the disk is self-gravitating, with the formation of a density peak inward and an outer region marginally gravitationally stable, and with an emptying time-scale proportional to 1/M_0^2 (where M_0 is the disk's initial mass) (2) an asymptotic regime where the spreading rate continuously slows down as larger parts of the disk become not-self-gravitating due to the decrease of the surface density, until the disk becomes completely not-self-gravitating. At this point its evolution dramatically slows down, with an emptying time-scale proportional to 1/M_0, which significantly increases the disk's lifetime compared to the case with constant viscosity. We show also that the disk's width scales like t^{1/4} with the realistic viscosity model, while it scales like t^{1/2} in the case of constant viscosity, resulting in much larger evolutionary time-scales in our model. We find however that the present shape of Saturn's rings looks like a 100 million-years old disk in our simulations. Concerning Jupiter's, Uranus' and Neptune's rings that are faint today, it is not likely that they were much more massive in the past and lost most of their mass due to viscous spreading alone.
description: 18 pages, 18 figures, 2 tables. Accepted for publication in Icarus
DNA Sequencing via Quantum Mechanics and Machine Learning
Creators: name: Yuen, Henry
name: Shimojo, Fuyuki
name: Zhang, Kevin J.
name: Nomura, Ken-ichi
name: Kalia, Rajiv K.
name: Nakano, Aiichiro
name: Vashishta, Priya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Rapid sequencing of individual human genome is prerequisite to genomic medicine, where diseases will be prevented by preemptive cures. Quantum-mechanical tunneling through single-stranded DNA in a solid-state nanopore has been proposed for rapid DNA sequencing, but unfortunately the tunneling current alone cannot distinguish the four nucleotides due to large fluctuations in molecular conformation and solvent. Here, we propose a machine-learning approach applied to the tunneling current-voltage (I-V) characteristic for efficient discrimination between the four nucleotides. We first combine principal component analysis (PCA) and fuzzy c-means (FCM) clustering to learn the "fingerprints" of the electronic density-of-states (DOS) of the four nucleotides, which can be derived from the I-V data. We then apply the hidden Markov model and the Viterbi algorithm to sequence a time series of DOS data (i.e., to solve the sequencing problem). Numerical experiments show that the PCA-FCM approach can classify unlabeled DOS data with 91% accuracy. Furthermore, the classification is found to be robust against moderate levels of noise, i.e., 70% accuracy is retained with a signal-to-noise ratio of 26 dB. The PCA-FCM-Viterbi approach provides a 4-fold increase in accuracy for the sequencing problem compared with PCA alone. In conjunction with recent developments in nanotechnology, this machine-learning method may pave the way to the much-awaited rapid, low-cost genome sequencer.
description: 19 pages, 7 figures
Duals of Ann-categories
Creators: name: Quang, Nguyen Tien
name: Hanh, Dang Dinh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 18D10, 16D20

description: Dual monoidal category $\mathcal C^\ast$ of a monoidal functor $F:\mathcal C\to \mathcal V$ has been constructed by S. Majid. In this paper, we extend the construction of dual structures for an Ann-functor $F:\mathcal B\to \mathcal A$. In particular, when $F=id_{\mathcal A}$, then the dual category $\mathcal A^{\ast}$ is indeed the center of $\mathcal A$ and this is a braided Ann-category.
description: 15 pages
Experimental verification of the area law of mutual information in a quantum field simulator
Creators: name: Tajik, Mohammadamin
name: Kukuljan, Ivan
name: Sotiriadis, Spyros
name: Rauer, Bernhard
name: Schweigler, Thomas
name: Cataldini, Federica
name: Sabino, João
name: Møller, Frederik
name: Schüttelkopf, Philipp
name: Ji, Si-Cong
name: Sels, Dries
name: Demler, Eugene
name: Schmiedmayer, Jörg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Theoretical understanding of the scaling of entropies and the mutual information has led to significant advances in the research of correlated states of matter, quantum field theory, and gravity. Measuring von Neumann entropy in quantum many-body systems is challenging as it requires complete knowledge of the density matrix. In this work, we measure the von Neumann entropy of spatially extended subsystems in an ultra-cold atom simulator of one-dimensional quantum field theories. We experimentally verify one of the fundamental properties of equilibrium states of gapped quantum many-body systems, the area law of quantum mutual information. We also study the dependence of mutual information on temperature and the separation between the subsystems. Our work is a crucial step toward employing ultra-cold atom simulators to probe entanglement in quantum field theories.
description: 12 pages, 10 figures, extended Supplemental Material
Electrical conductivity and resonant states of doped graphene considering next-nearest neighbor interaction
Creators: name: Barrios-Vargas, J. E.
name: Naumis, Gerardo G
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The next-nearest neighbor interaction (NNN) is included in a tight-binding calculation of the electronic spectrum and conductivity of doped graphene. As a result, we observe a wide variation of the conductivity behavior, since the Fermi energy and the resonance peak are not shifted by the same amount. Such effect can have a profound effect in the idea of explaining the minimal conductivity of graphene as a consequence of impurities or defects. Finally, we also estimate the mean free path and relaxation time due to resonant impurity scattering.
BiometricBlender: Ultra-high dimensional, multi-class synthetic data generator to imitate biometric feature space
Creators: name: Stippinger, Marcell
name: Hanák, Dávid
name: Kurbucz, Marcell T.
name: Hanczár, Gergely
name: Törteli, Olivér M.
name: Somogyvári, Zoltán
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: G.3; I.5.2; K.6.5
subject: 62H30 (Primary) 68T10, 94A62 (Secondary)

description: The lack of freely available (real-life or synthetic) high or ultra-high dimensional, multi-class datasets may hamper the rapidly growing research on feature screening, especially in the field of biometrics, where the usage of such datasets is common. This paper reports a Python package called BiometricBlender, which is an ultra-high dimensional, multi-class synthetic data generator to benchmark a wide range of feature screening methods. During the data generation process, the overall usefulness and the intercorrelations of blended features can be controlled by the user, thus the synthetic feature space is able to imitate the key properties of a real biometric dataset.
description: DISCLAIMER: This is a preprint article. A final peer reviewed article has now been published in SoftwareX. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.softx.2023.101366
Linear Newman-Penrose charges as subleading BMS and dual BMS charges
Creators: name: Macaulay, George
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we further develop previous work on asymptotically flat spacetimes and extend subleading BMS and dual BMS charges in a large $r$ expansion to all orders in $r^{-1}$. This forms a complete account of this prescription in relation to the previously discovered Newman-Penrose charges. We provide an explanation for the origin of the infinite tower of linear Newman-Penrose charges with regards to asymptotic symmetries and justify why these charges fail to be conserved at the non-linear level as well as failing to exhibit full supertranslation invariance even at the linear level.
description: 26 pages
A simple eddy viscosity formulation for turbulent boundary layers near smooth walls
Creators: name: Absi, Rafik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The aim of this study is to improve the prediction of near-wall mean streamwise velocity profile $U^+$ by using a simple method. The $U^+$ profile is obtained by solving the momentum equation which is written as an ordinary differential equation. An eddy viscosity formulation based on a near-wall turbulent kinetic energy $k^+$ function (R. Absi, Analytical solutions for the modeled $k$-equation, ASME J. Appl. Mech. \textbf{75}, 044501, 2008) and the van Driest mixing length equation (E.R. van Driest, On turbulent flow near a wall, J. Aero. Sci. \textbf{23}, 1007, 1956) is used. The parameters obtained from the $k^+$ profiles are used for the computation of $U^+$ (variables with the superscript of + are those nondimensionalized by the wall friction velocity $u_τ$ and the kinematic viscosity $ν$). Comparisons with DNS data of fully-developed turbulent channel flows for $109 < Re_τ < 2003$ show good agreement (where $Re_τ$ denotes the friction Reynolds number defined by $u_τ$, $ν$ and the channel half-width $δ$).
On the two-dimensional time-dependent anisotropic harmonic oscillator in a magnetic field
Creators: name: Patra, Pinaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A Charged harmonic oscillator in a magnetic field, Landau problems, and an oscillator in a noncommutative space, share the same mathematical structure in their Hamiltonians. We have considered a two-dimensional anisotropic harmonic oscillator (AHO) with arbitrarily time-dependent parameters (effective mass and frequencies), placed in an arbitrarily time-dependent magnetic field. A class of quadratic invariant operators (in the sense of Lewis and Riesenfeld) have been constructed. The invariant operators ($\hat{\mathcal{I}}$) have been reduced to a simplified representative form by a linear canonical transformation (the group $Sp(4, \mathbb{R})$). An orthonormal basis of the Hilbert space consisting of the eigenvectors of $\hat{\mathcal{I}}$ is obtained. In order to obtain the solutions of the time-dependent Schrödinger equation corresponding to the system, both the geometric and dynamical phase-factors are constructed. Peres-Horodecki Separability Criterion for the bipartite coherent states corresponding to our system has been demonstrated.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2206.10599
Bias Dependent 1/f Conductivity Fluctuations in Low-Doped La$_{1-x}$Ca$_{x}$MnO$_3$ Manganite Single Crystals
Creators: name: Belogolovskii, M.
name: Jung, G.
name: Markovich, V.
name: Dolgin, B.
name: Wu, X. D.
name: Yuzhelevski, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Low frequency noise in current biased La$_{0.82}$Ca$_{0.18}$MnO$_{3}$ single crystals has been investigated in a wide temperature range from 79 K to 290 K. Despite pronounced changes in magnetic properties and dissipation mechanisms of the sample with changing temperature, the noise spectra were found to be always of the 1/f type and their intensity (except the lowest temperature studied) scaled as a square of the bias. At liquid nitrogen temperatures and under bias exceeding some threshold value, the behavior of the noise deviates from the quasi-equilibrium modulation noise and starts to depend in a non monotonic way on bias. It has been verified that the observed noise obeys Dutta and Horn model of 1/f noise in solids. The appearance of nonequilibrium 1/f noise and its dependence on bias have been associated with changes in the distribution of activation energies in the underlying energy landscape. These changes have been correlated with bias induced changes in the intrinsic tunneling mechanism dominating dissipation in La$_{0.82}$Ca$_{0.18}$MnO$_{3}$ at low temperatures.
description: Accepted for publication in the Journal of Applied Physics
A Singular Woodbury and Pseudo-Determinant Matrix Identities and Application to Gaussian Process Regression
Creators: name: Ameli, Siavash
name: Shadden, Shawn C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 15A10, 15-04, 62G08

description: We study a matrix that arises from a singular form of the Woodbury matrix identity. We present generalized inverse and pseudo-determinant identities for this matrix, which have direct applications for Gaussian process regression, specifically its likelihood representation and precision matrix. We extend the definition of the precision matrix to the Bott-Duffin inverse of the covariance matrix, preserving properties related to conditional independence, conditional precision, and marginal precision. We also provide an efficient algorithm and numerical analysis for the presented determinant identities and demonstrate their advantages under specific conditions relevant to computing log-determinant terms in likelihood functions of Gaussian process regression.
description: Instructions for reproducing the data and results of this manuscript are available at https://ameli.github.io/detkit/benchmark.html in the form of a user guide
Domain Decorrelation with Potential Energy Ranking
Creators: name: Pei, Sen
name: Sun, Jiaxi
name: Da Xu, Richard Yi
name: Xiang, Shiming
name: Meng, Gaofeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Machine learning systems, especially the methods based on deep learning, enjoy great success in modern computer vision tasks under experimental settings. Generally, these classic deep learning methods are built on the \emph{i.i.d.} assumption, supposing the training and test data are drawn from a similar distribution independently and identically. However, the aforementioned \emph{i.i.d.} assumption is in general unavailable in the real-world scenario, and as a result, leads to sharp performance decay of deep learning algorithms. Behind this, domain shift is one of the primary factors to be blamed. In order to tackle this problem, we propose using \textbf{Po}tential \textbf{E}nergy \textbf{R}anking (PoER) to decouple the object feature and the domain feature (\emph{i.e.,} appearance feature) in given images, promoting the learning of label-discriminative features while filtering out the irrelevant correlations between the objects and the background. PoER helps the neural networks to capture label-related features which contain the domain information first in shallow layers and then distills the label-discriminative representations out progressively, enforcing the neural networks to be aware of the characteristic of objects and background which is vital to the generation of domain-invariant features. PoER reports superior performance on domain generalization benchmarks, improving the average top-1 accuracy by at least 1.20\% compared to the existing methods. Moreover, we use PoER in the ECCV 2022 NICO Challenge\footnote{https://nicochallenge.com}, achieving top place with only a vanilla ResNet-18. The code has been made available at https://github.com/ForeverPs/PoER.
description: 2022 ECCV jury award, accepted by AAAI 2023
Considering the ‘effort factor’ in fisheries : a methodology for reconstructing global fishing effort and carbon dioxide emissions, 1950 - 2010
Creators: name: Greer, Krista
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: Whether or not fisheries are sustainable not only affects ocean health, but also human health; a large portion of the population depends on marine ecosystems for food, livelihoods and social values. Our understanding of how fishing impacts the environment is lacking and under the threats of global climate change, the extent to which the ocean can continue to provide goods and services is questionable. Chapter 1 introduces some critical knowledge gaps in fisheries and problems with how marine resources have been managed in the past. Chapter 2 describes a methodology that can be used to quantify and reconstruct historical fishing effort to create a global fishing effort database. Historically fisheries management has not given adequate consideration to the ‘effort factor’, potentially resulting in the mismanagement of marine resources. The methodology was applied to the Exclusive Economic Zones of 9 maritime countries, and preliminary results suggest that, although fishing effort appears to be stabilizing, catch per unit of effort is decreasing. Chapter 3 uses the fishing effort calculated in Chapter 2 to estimate the CO₂ emissions from fishing over time. Fishing is not perceived as an important contributor to greenhouse gas emissions and climate change, despite using fishing vessels that rely on the combustion of fossil fuels (Wilson 1999). As in Chapter 2, the methodology was applied to 9 EEZs. It was found that the CO₂ per unit of catch (CO₂PUC; tonnes) increased, despite increases in fuel efficiency, and the industrial sector emitted 3 times more CO₂PUC than the small-scale sector in 2010. It was estimated that fishing contributes approximately between 2.8 – 5.2% to global CO₂ emissions annually. The final chapter, Chapter 4, discusses the preliminary results of the 9 sample EEZs within the context of the sustainability of fisheries and what it means to be sustainable.
Multi-stage warm started optimal motion planning for over-actuated mobile platforms
Creators: name: Paz-Delgado, G. J.
name: Pérez-del-Pulgar, C. J.
name: Azkarate, M.
name: Kirchner, F.
name: García-Cerezo, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This work presents a computationally lightweight motion planner for over-actuated platforms. For this purpose, a general state-space model for mobile platforms with several kinematic chains is defined, which considers non-linearities and constraints. The proposed motion planner is based on a sequential multi-stage approach that takes advantage of the warm start on each step. Firstly, a globally optimal and smooth 2D/3D trajectory is generated using the Fast Marching Method. This trajectory is fed as a warm start to a sequential linear quadratic regulator that is able to generate an optimal motion plan without constraints for all the platform actuators. Finally, a feasible motion plan is generated considering the constraints defined in the model. In this respect, the sequential linear quadratic regulator is employed again, taking the previously generated unconstrained motion plan as a warm start. This novel approach has been deployed into the Exomars Testing Rover of the European Space Agency. This rover is an Ackermann-capable planetary exploration testbed that is equipped with a robotic arm. Several experiments were carried out demonstrating that the proposed approach speeds up the computation time, increasing the success ratio for a martian sample retrieval mission, which can be considered as a representative use case of an over-actuated mobile platform.
A size-shrinkable matrix metallopeptidase-2-sensitive delivery nanosystem improves the penetration of human programmed death-ligand 1 siRNA into lung-tumor spheroids
Creators: name: Wen, Jiaolin
name: Qiu, Neng
name: Zhu, Zejiang
name: Bai, Peng
name: Hu, Mengshi
name: Qi, Wenyan
name: Liu, Yan
name: Wei, Ailin
name: Chen, Lijuan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biochemistry
Space Science
Cell Biology
Molecular Biology
Biotechnology
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Information Systems not elsewhere classified
Cancer

description: Given the maturation of small-interfering RNA (siRNA) techniques with nanotechnology, and because overexpression of human programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) is crucial for T cell inactivation and immunosuppression of the tumor microenvironment, application of siRNA–PD-L1 has demonstrated positive progress in preclinical studies; however, the limited penetration of this compound into solid tumors remains a challenge. To decrease PD-L1 expression and increase the penetration efficacy of solid tumors, we synthesized a novel tumor-microenvironment-sensitive delivery polymer by conjugating hyaluronic acid (HA) to polyethyleneimine (PEI), with a matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2)-sensitive peptide acting as the linker (HA-P-PEI), for use in delivery of PD-L1–siRNA. Concurrent synthesis of a linker-less HA-PEI compound allowed confirmation that negatively charged siRNA can be complexed onto the positively charged HA-PEI and HA-P-PEI compounds to form nanoparticles with the same particle size and uniform distribution with serum stability. We found that the size of the HA-P-PEI/siRNA nanoparticles decreased to <10 nm upon addition of MMP-2, and that H1975 cells overexpressing CD44, PD-L1, and MMP-2 aided confirmation of the delivery efficacy of the HA-P-PEI/siRNA nanocomplexes. Additionally, the use of HA-P-PEI caused less cytotoxicity than PEI alone, demonstrating its high cellular uptake. Moreover, pretreatment with MMP-2 increased nanocomplex tumor permeability, and western blot showed that HA-P-PEI/PD-L1–siRNA efficiently downregulated the PD-L1 expression in H1975 cells. These results demonstrated a novel approach for siRNA delivery and tumor penetration for future clinical applications in cancer treatment.
Effects of insulin gene dosage on body weight and glucose homeostasis
Creators: name: Mehran, Arya E.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: Obesity is one of the biggest health concerns around the world and is closely associated with insulin hypersecretion. However, the causality relationship between these conditions remains enigmatic. We tested the hypothesis that fasting hyperinsulinemia is necessary for diet-induced obesity by varying the pancreatic-specific Ins1 gene dosage in Ins2-/- mice. Male Ins1+/-:Ins2-/- mice did not exhibit high fat diet-induced fasting hyperinsulinemia, when compared with their Ins1+/+:Ins2-/- littermate controls. This genetic inability to become hyperinsulinemic prevented the expected increase in pancreatic β-cell number, confirming a role for insulin in high fat diet-induced β-cell expansion. Male Ins1+/-:Ins2-/- mice were also protected from diet-induced obesity and hepatic steatosis when compared to high fat fed Ins1+/+:Ins2-/- littermate controls in the absence of sustained changes in glucose homeostasis. Genetic prevention of hyperinsulinemia increased energy expenditure while reducing adipose inflammation and fatty acid spillover. Female control Ins1+/+:Ins2-/- mice did not exhibit hyperinsulinemia or weight gain on the high fat diet we employed, so it was not possible to test the same hypothesis in the female mice. The effects of reducing Ins2 gene dosage on the Ins1 null background were also assessed. Male Ins1-/-:Ins2+/- mice had a phenotype that differed strongly between cohorts. In one cohort of the male mice, Ins2 haploinsufficiency was associated with increased food intake of the high fat diet, relative to Ins1-/-:Ins2+/- mice fed the same diet, but no changes in circulating insulin levels. On the other hand, female Ins1-/-:Ins2+/- mice were partially protected from high fat diet-induced obesity relative to their littermate controls. The differences in the consequences of Ins1 versus Ins2 loss prompted analysis of the tissue expression of both insulin genes, focusing on the central nervous system. We demonstrated that, unlike Ins1, Ins2 is expressed in the brain. High fat feeding reduced Ins2 expression in the brain in a region- and sex-specific manner. Collectively, our data provide genetic evidence that circulating hyperinsulinemia can drive obesity in mammals. These findings may be important for understanding the causes of obesity and eventually the development of approaches to prevent or treat it.
Toward Improving Prediction of Sediment Transport over Wave-Induced Ripples
Creators: name: Absi, Rafik
name: Tanaka, Hitoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Sediment transport over wave-induced ripples is a very complex phenomenon where available models fail to provide accurate predictions. For coastal engineering applications, the 1-DV advection-diffusion equation could be used with an additional parameter α related to the process of vortex shedding above ripples (Absi, 2010). The aim of this study is to provide simple practical analytical tools. An analytical eddy viscosity profile was validated by DNS data of turbulent channel flows (Absi et al., 2011). In this study, we will show that: (1) the period-averaged eddy viscosity in oscillatory boundary layers could be described by this simple analytical formulation; (2) The shape of the vertical profile is validated by period-averaged eddy viscosity of baseline (BSL) k-ω model (Suntoyo and Tanaka, 2009) for sinusoidal and asymmetric waves; (3) The vertical eddy viscosity profile depends on the wave non-linearity parameter and requires therefore a specific calibration.
Kamimuria similis Klapalek 1912
Creators: name: Sivec, Ignac
name: Stark, Bill P.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Plecoptera
Perlidae
Kamimuria
Kamimuria similis

description: Kamimuria similis Klapálek (Figs. 47-50) Kamimuria similis Klapálek, 1912:100. Holotype ♂ (MNHN), Lao Cai / Ho-Kheou region, Tonkin [= Vietnam] Material examined. Vietnam: Lao Cai / Ho-Kheou region, 1 ♂ (holotype, MNHN). Adult habitus (translated from Klapálek 1912). General color yellow-brown to brown. Head yellow brown but with a black interocellar area. Pronotum brown, legs mostly brown but tips of femora darker and base of tibia pale brown. Wings brown except costal field pale. Hind ocelli much larger than anterior ocellus and nearer eyes than each other. Male. Forewing length ca. 17 mm. Hemiterga long, slender and wide in lateral aspect beyond midlength and abruptly narrowed to tip (Figs. 47-48); tips with sensilla basiconica. Tergum 9 with a large mesal field of sensilla basiconica; tergum 8 sensilla basiconica patch much smaller. Aedeagus membranous but armed with prominent patches of spines; basal lobe armed throughout with small spines on venter and dorsum (Figs. 49-50); apical lobe armed dorsally with subapical lateral patches and an apical pair of large spine-like sclerites; venter with a median subapical spine patch. Female. Unknown. Larva. Unknown. Comments. The genitalic segments of the holotype were made available for our study through the courtesy of P. Zwick. Among known species the males are distinctive by virtue of the hemitergal lobe shape (Fig. 48) and in the presence of a pair of large spine-like sclerites on the dorsal aedeagal tip (Figs. 49-50).
description: Published as part of Sivec, Ignac & Stark, Bill P., 2008, New Species Of Kamimuria Klapálek (Plecoptera: Perlidae) From Thailand And Vietnam, With Notes On Chinese Species, pp. 110-138 in Illiesia 4 (12) on pages 123-124, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4758787
description: {"references": ["Klapalek, F. 1912. Plecopterorum genus: Kamimuria Klp. Zvlastni Otisk Casopisu Ceske Spolecnosti Entomologicke, 9: 84 - 110."]}
Constructing Exactly Solvable Pseudo-hermitian Many-particle Quantum Systems by Isospectral Deformation
Creators: name: Ghosh, Pijush K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A class of non-Dirac-hermitian many-particle quantum systems admitting entirely real spectra and unitary time-evolution is presented. These quantum models are isospectral with Dirac-hermitian systems and are exactly solvable. The general method involves a realization of the basic canonical commutation relations defining the quantum system in terms of operators those are hermitian with respect to a pre-determined positive definite metric in the Hilbert space. Appropriate combinations of these operators result in a large number of pseudo-hermitian quantum systems admitting entirely real spectra and unitary time evolution. Examples of a pseudo-hermitian rational Calogero model and XXZ spin-chain are considered.
description: To appear in the Special Issue PHHQP 2010, International Journal of Theoretical Physics; 16 pages, LateX, no figure
First Chemical Analysis of Stars in The Triangulum-Andromeda Star Cloud
Creators: name: Chou, Mei-Yin
name: Majewski, Steven R.
name: Cunha, Katia
name: Smith, Verne V.
name: Patterson, Richard J.
name: Martinez-Delgado, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We undertake the first high resolution spectroscopic study of the Triangulum-Andromeda (TriAnd) star cloud --- an extended, mid-latitude Milky Way halo substructure about 20 kpc away in the second Galactic quadrant --- through six M giant star candidates selected to be both spatially and dynamically associated with this system. The abundance patterns of [Ti/Fe], [Y/Fe] and [La/Fe] as a function of [Fe/H] for these stars support TriAnd as having an origin in a dwarf galaxy with a chemical enrichment history somewhat similar to that of the Sagittarius dwarf spheroidal (dSph) galaxy. We also investigate the previously proposed hypothesis that TriAnd is an outlying, dynamically older piece of the Monoceros Stream (also known as the Galactic Anticenter Stellar Structure, "GASS") under the assumption that both features come from the tidal disruption of the same accreted Milky Way satellite and find that net differences in the above abundance patterns between the TriAnd and GASS stars studied suggest that these two systems are independent and unrelated.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ Letters