cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The syntax and semantics of gap and resumptive strategies in Iraqi Arabic D-linked content questions
Creators: name: Sterian, Laura Andreea
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: This thesis examines Iraqi Arabic D-linked content questions of the type “Which woman saw Ragheb?”. I develop a syntactic and semantic analysis of both the gap and resumptive strategies of such D-linked content questions. Chapter 1 provides background information on Iraqi Arabic. Chapter 2 develops the syntactic analysis: the gap strategy is treated as an instance of full DP-deletion, with the deletion site being structurally ambiguous between a D-N and a D-phi-N structure. I further propose that the resumptive strategy is an instance of remnant DP-deletion with a D-phi-N structure, and treat the resumptive pronoun as a stranded phi-element. Chapter 3 relates the two syntactic structures — D-N versus D-phi-N — to the semantic distinction between the pair-list interpretation versus a natural-function interpretation. A pair-list reading is found when a question such as “Which woman did every man invite?” is answered with a list such as: “John, Sue; Bill, Lucy, …”. A natural function reading would answer the same question with a relational noun: “His sister.” In contexts where both the gap and resumptive strategy are possible, we observe the following: the gap strategy is ambiguous between a a pair-list and a natural function reading; the resumptive strategy only allows a natural function reading. I propose that the semantic ambiguity of the gap strategy reflects its structural ambiguity: if the deletion site is D-N, this corresponds to the pair-list reading; if the deletion site is D-phi-N, this corresponds to the natural function reading. As for the resumptive strategy, in contexts where the gap strategy is also possible, it is unambiguously interpreted with a natural functional reading; this is consistent with the syntactic remnant DP-deletion, which requires a D-phi-N structure. I further show that, in contexts where only the resumptive strategy is possible, economy considerations allow syntactic remnant DP-deletion to be semantically ambiguous between a pair-list and a natural function reading. Chapter 4 examines the syntactic and semantic parallels between D-linked content questions and genitive interrogatives and argues that the latter are inherently D-linked.
State Policies Can Promote Immigrant Children's Economic Security
Creators: name: Dinan, Kinsey Alden
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2005
Subjects: Immigrant children
Immigrant families
Immigrants--Government policy
Economic assistance, Domestic--U.S. states
Immigrants--Services for--U.S. states

description: Immigrant families' access to key public benefits—food stamps, Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) cash assistance, Supplementary Security Income (SSI), and public health insurance for children and parents—varies greatly based on where they live. Changes in federal policies over the last decade have left states with increased discretion to determine immigrants' access to these supports. States' choices, particularly in states with large or quickly growing immigrant populations, can make a significant impact on the economic security of children in immigrant families.
On the redundancy of operators and the bispectrum in the most general second-order scalar-tensor theory
Creators: name: Renaux-Petel, Sebastien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this short note we explain how to use the linear equation of motions to simplify the third-order action for the cosmological fluctuations. No field redefinition is needed in this exact procedure which considerably limits the range of independent cubic operators, and hence of possible shapes of the primordial bispectrum. We demonstrate this in the context of the most general single-field scalar-tensor theory with second-order equations of motion, whose third-order action has been calculated recently in arXiv:1107.2642 and 1107.3917. In particular, we show that the three cubic operators initially pointed out in these works as new compared to k-inflation can actually be expressed in terms of standard k-inflationary operators.
description: 9 pages. Wordings changed; matches version published in JCAP
Porcine Circovirus Cap-Induced Apoptosis of Non-Infected PK15 Cells
Creators: name: Rowell, Jared S.
Publisher: name: Cumming School of Medicine
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Porcine circovirus, baculovirus, apoptosis, immunnosuppression, virus-like-particles
subject: Virology

description: Porcine Circovirus 2 (PCV2) is a pathogen of major importance for swine production around the world. Despite development of several vaccines and robust vaccination programs, PCV2 continues to persistently transmit within and between swine herds causing infections marked by immunosuppression via lymphocyte depletion. This study aims to improve understanding of porcine circovirus diseases (PCVD) pathogenesis caused by PCV capsid cytotoxicity which activates apoptosis in non-infected bystander cells. Putatively non-pathogenic Porcine Circovirus 1 (PCV1) was also included to help understand why there is a difference in pathogenicity between PCV1 and PCV2. Porcine Circovirus 3 (PCV3) has recently emerged worldwide as a possible etiological agent of clinical syndromes observed in swine that are similar to PCVD caused by PCV2. The capsid protein of PCV3 (PCV 3 Cap) was also included in this study to provide initial information regarding the cytotoxicity of this protein. Results were obtained through flow cytometric analysis of apoptosis using Annexin V-FITC and 7-AAD to measure apoptosis markers and cell death respectively. Flow cytometry results were reinforced by also utilizing a TUNEL assay in conjunction with confocal imaging to detect cells undergoing DNA fragmentation leading to apoptosis. Results show that monomeric PCV2 Cap, 1% formaldehyde inactivated and dialyzed PCV2, PCV1 virus-like particles (VLPs), PCV2 VLPs, and PCV3 VLPs are all able to activate apoptosis in porcine kidney (PK15) cells at a rate of ~%30 after a 24-hour exposure; this apoptotic similar to apoptosis caused by 50 µM etoposide, which is a strong chemical inducer of apoptosis. These results coupled with preliminary data obtained by pre-treating PK15 cells with caspase-8 or caspase-9 inhibitors suggest the involvement of caspase-8 and caspase-9 in PCV2 Cap induced apoptosis and lend weight to the idea of PCV2 Cap as a primary virulence factor during infections. In contrast, PCV1 Cap induced apoptosis does not appear to involve caspase-8 or caspase-9 indicating an alternate pathway to PK15 cell apoptosis, while PCV3 Cap appears to induce PK15 cell apoptosis with some involvement of caspase-9.
Coulomb drag in graphene - boron nitride heterostructures: the effect of virtual phonon exchange
Creators: name: Amorim, Bruno
name: Schiefele, Jürgen
name: Sols, Fernando
name: Guinea, Francisco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For a system of two spatially separated monoatomic graphene layers encapsulated in hexagonal boron nitride, we consider the drag effect between charge carriers in the Fermi liquid regime. Commonly, the phenomenon is described in terms of an interlayer Coulomb interaction. We show that if an additional electron - electron interaction via exchange of virtual substrate phonons is included in the model, the predicted drag resistivity is modified considerably at temperatures above 150 K. The anisotropic crystal structure of boron nitride, with strong intralayer and comparatively weak interlayer bonds, is found to play an important role in this effect.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures
Low-Income Families in Connecticut: Results from the Family Resource Simulator
Creators: name: Dinan, Kinsey Alden
name: Cauthen, Nancy K.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2004
Subjects: Working poor
Working poor--Government policy
Economic assistance, Domestic--U.S. states
Poor families

description: About 85 percent of low-income children have parents who work, and most have at least one parent working full-time, year-round. Nonetheless, many of these parents are unable to afford basic necessities for their families, such as food, housing, and stable child care. Even a full-time job is not always enough to make ends meet, and many parents cannot get ahead simply by working more. As earnings increase—particularly as they rise above the official poverty level—families begin to lose eligibility for work supports. At the same time, work-related expenses, such as child care and transportation, increase. This means that parents may earn more without a family experiencing more financial security. In some cases, earning more actually leaves a family with fewer resources after the bills are paid.

The Family Resource Simulator, developed by the National Center for Children in Poverty, illustrates how this happens. This web-based tool calculates resources and expenses for a hypothetical family that the user "creates" by selecting city and state, family characteristics, income sources, and assets. The user also selects which public benefits the family receives when eligible and makes choices about what happens when the family loses benefits (e.g., does the family seek cheaper child care after losing a subsidy?).

The result is a series of charts that show the hypothetical family's total income from various sources as earnings rise, as well as the cost of basic family expenses. Using the Simulator, this report describes the experiences of two hypothetical families in the workforce.
Finite-size corrections of the Entanglement Entropy of critical quantum chains
Creators: name: Xavier, J. C.
name: Alcaraz, F. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the density matrix renormalization group, we calculated the finite-size corrections of the entanglement $α$-Renyi entropy of a single interval for several critical quantum chains. We considered models with U(1) symmetry like the spin-1/2 XXZ and spin-1 Fateev-Zamolodchikov models, as well models with discrete symmetries such as the Ising, the Blume-Capel and the three-state Potts models. These corrections contain physically relevant information. Their amplitudes, that depend on the value of $α$, are related to the dimensions of operators in the conformal field theory governing the long-distance correlations of the critical quantum chains. The obtained results together with earlier exact and numerical ones allow us to formulate some general conjectures about the operator responsible for the leading finite-size correction of the $α$-Renyi entropies. We conjecture that the exponent of the leading finite-size correction of the $α$-Renyi entropies is $p_α=2X_ε/α$ for $α>1$ and $p_{1}=ν$, where $X_ε$ is the dimensions of the energy operator of the model and $ν=2$ for all the models.
description: final version, 9 Pages, 3 figures, 4 tables
title: Markerlose Ganganalyse mit einem Multikamerasystem
title: Markerless gait analysis with a multi-camera-system
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Calow, Roman
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek
Year: 2005
Subjects: Hochschulschrift
Online-Publikation

description: Gegenstand dieser Arbeit ist die markerlose Ganganalyse mit einem Multikamerasystem. Dafür wird das Analyse-durch-Synthese-Konzept zur Bildsequenzauswertung eines gehenden Menschen erweitert. Nach der Erläuterung der Parameterschätzung durch Ausgleichsrechnung, wird die Modellierung des Skeletts, der Körperform und der Kameras beschrieben. Neben Methoden für die Approximation des 3D-Modells, werden Verfahren zur Korrespondenzfindung zwischen Modell und Bild vorgestellt. Ein (quasi-)periodisches Modell der Bewegung wird eingeführt, das die Anzahl der zu schätzenden Parameter je Bildfolge verringert. Dadurch lässt sich die Robustheit und Genauigkeit des Ansatzes erhöhen. Das (quasi-)periodische Bewegungsmodell wird weiterhin dazu verwendet, die vom Algorithmus benötigten Näherungswerte bereitzustellen. Die Reproduzierbarkeit der Ergebnisse und die Eignung des Systems zur Ganganalyse wird demonstriert.
description: This work describes a system for markerless analysis of the human gait using a set of cameras. The motion of a walking human is captured using an analysis-by-synthesis approach. Details are given in modelling the skeleton, body-shape and cameras. The parameter estimation is done by minimizing the squared differences between projected model and the images. Procedures for automatic linearisation of the models are explained in details. Some methods for finding the correspondence between model and image are also presented. A periodic model of the gait-motion reduces the number of parameters and enhances robustness and accuracy. The least mean squares approach estimates the parameters of the motion-model, whereby all time steps in the sequence are taken into consideration simultaneously. Reproducibility of the results and capability of the gait analysis system is demonstrated.
Young Children in Immigrant Families: The Role of Philanthropy: Sharing Knowledge, Creating Services, and Building Supportive Policies: Report of a Meeting, January 18-19, 2006
Creators: name: Dinan, Kinsey Alden
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2006
Subjects: Children of immigrants
Children of immigrants--Services for
Children--Health and hygiene
Child mental health

description: This report provides an overview of the issues raised at the Young Children in Immigrant Families meeting that was held in Miami, Florida on January 18-19, 2006. The meeting brought together members of the foundation community to discuss critical issues related to promoting positive outcomes for young children in immigrant families. Based on the meeting panels and discussions, this report provides a brief description of recent demographic trends related to immigration and immigrant families and explores promising strategies that foundations could support to address challenges faced by young children in these families.
Efforts to Promote Children's Economic Security Must Address Needs of Hard-Working Immigrant Families
Creators: name: Dinan, Kinsey Alden
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2005
Subjects: Children of immigrants
Children of immigrants--Services for
Immigrant families
Economic assistance, Domestic
Economic assistance, Domestic--U.S. states

description: More than 26 percent of all low-income children in the United States live in immigrant families. These children are more likely to experience hardships than children with native-born parents, but they are less likely to benefit from government programs that could assist them and their families. Both federal and state policies play important roles in determining immigrant families' access to key public benefits, impacting the economic security of millions of America's children.
Struggling Despite Hard Work: Michigan and Detroit
Creators: name: Dinan, Kinsey Alden
name: Fass, Sarah
name: Chau, Michelle M.
name: Douglas-Hall, Ayana
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2006
Subjects: Working poor
Working poor--Government policy
Poor families
Low-income parents
Poor--Services for

description: This fact sheet examines employment among low-income families as well as their use of work support benefits. It presents information for Michigan as a whole and for Detroit, where 20 percent of the state's low-income children live. Findings show that while most low-income children have parents who work, many do not receive assistance from the supports designed to help low-income families make ends meet.
Strongly anisotropic non-equilibrium phase transition in Ising models with friction
Creators: name: Angst, Sebastian
name: Hucht, Alfred
name: Wolf, Dietrich E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The non-equilibrium phase transition in driven two-dimensional Ising models with two different geometries is investigated using Monte Carlo methods as well as analytical calculations. The models show dissipation through fluctuation induced friction near the critical point. We first consider high driving velocities and demonstrate that both systems are in the same universality class and undergo a strongly anisotropic non-equilibrium phase transition, with anisotropy exponent θ=3. Within a field theoretical ansatz the simulation results are confirmed. The crossover from Ising to mean field behavior in dependency of system size and driving velocity is analyzed using crossover scaling. It turns out that for all finite velocities the phase transition becomes strongly anisotropic in the thermodynamic limit.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures, minor changes and typo fixes
Supporting Work in Illinois: The Challenges Ahead
Creators: name: Dinan, Kinsey Alden
name: Cauthen, Nancy K.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2007
Subjects: Working poor
Working poor--Government policy
Poor families
Economic assistance, Domestic--U.S. states

description: Using results from NCCP's Family Resource Simulator, a policy simulation tool, this report analyzes the effectiveness of Illinois' "work support" policies—benefits such as earned income tax credits, health insurance coverage, child care assistance, and food stamps. We find that when families receive the benefits for which they are eligible, Illinois' policies are generally successful in helping families close the gap between low earnings and basic expenses. Rewarding progress in the workforce, however, remains a challenge. Small increases in family income can trigger sharp reductions in benefits, leaving families no better off—or even worse off—than before.
Struggling Despite Hard Work: Illinois and Chicago
Creators: name: Dinan, Kinsey Alden
name: Fass, Sarah
name: Chau, Michelle M.
name: Douglas-Hall, Ayana
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2007
Subjects: Working poor
Poor families
Economic assistance, Domestic--U.S. states
Working poor--Government policy

description: More than a third of Illinois' children live in low-income families. This fact sheet shows that although most of these children have employed parents, many families do not receive the work supports that can close the gap between resources and expenses.
Assessing the technology and market readiness level of a software system - an analysis based on AMPEL
Creators: name: Schleicher, Georg
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: With the growing number of patients with more than one disease and a work intensification in hospitals, including hundreds of biomarkers, the work of clinicians is getting more complex. Clinical decision support systems (CDSS) can help to keep the overview and to make better decisions based on data. One of these systems is AMPEL, developed at the University Medical Center Leipzig. In order to support the development and the launch of an innovative software system, the Technology Readiness Level and Market Readiness Level framework (T-RL/M-RL framework) can be used. However, as this framework has only been used for physical products, this thesis modifies them so that they are applicable for software products as well. The research showed that especially for research projects like AMPEL, the T-RL is high, but the M-RL needs more focus. Moreover, the thesis also looked at ethical criteria, since this aspect is getting more important for software development. Additionally, expert interviews revealed factors concerning the ease-of-use and usefulness of CDSSs. These factors are directly related to the technology acceptance. Specifically, if a CDSS offers the ability to highlight unexpected results and motivates the clinician for additional thinking, the system not only reaches a higher user acceptance but is also from great importance for the patient safety and treatment quality. The thesis also provides insights into the decision criteria of the buying process of software systems in hospitals. The total number of 28 different criteria in seven categories shows the complexity of purchasing processes in hospitals and help suppliers develop their software according to these.
description: The AMPEL project is co-financed through public funds according to the budget decided by the Saxon State Parliament under the RL eHealthSax 2017/18 grant (eHealthSax-Richtlinie Nr.: 100331796 - Diese Maßnahme wird mitfinanziert mit Steuermitteln auf Grundlage des von den Abgeordneten des Sächsischen Landtags beschlossenen Haushaltes).
Subwavelength modulational instability and plasmon oscillons in nanoparticle arrays
Creators: name: Noskov, Roman E.
name: Belov, Pavel A.
name: Kivshar, Yuri S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study modulational instability in nonlinear arrays of subwavelength metallic nanoparticles, and analyze numerically nonlinear scenarios of the instability development. We demonstrate that modulational instability can lead to the formation of regular periodic or quasi-periodic modulations of the polarization. We reveal that such nonlinear nanoparticle arrays can support long-lived standing and moving oscillating nonlinear localized modes - plasmon oscillons.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures, published in Physical Review Letters
Low-Income Families in Massachusetts: Results from the Family Resource Simulator
Creators: name: Dinan, Kinsey Alden
name: Cauthen, Nancy K.
name: Fass, Sarah
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2004
Subjects: Working poor
Working poor--Government policy
Economic assistance, Domestic--U.S. states
Poor families

description: About 85 percent of low-income children have parents who work, and most have at least one parent working full-time, year-round. Nonetheless, many of these parents are unable to afford basic necessities for their families, such as food, housing, and stable child care. Even a full-time job is not always enough to make ends meet, and many parents cannot get ahead simply by working more. As earnings increase—particularly as they rise above the official poverty level—families begin to lose eligibility for work supports. At the same time, work-related expenses, such as child care and transportation, increase. This means that parents may earn more without a family experiencing more financial security. In some cases, earning more actually leaves a family with fewer resources after the bills are paid.

The Family Resource Simulator, developed by the National Center for Children in Poverty, illustrates how this happens. This web-based tool calculates resources and expenses for a hypothetical family that the user "creates" by selecting city and state, family characteristics, income sources, and assets. The user also selects which public benefits the family receives when eligible and makes choices about what happens when the family loses benefits (e.g., does the family seek cheaper child care after losing a subsidy?).

The result is a series of charts that show the hypothetical family's total income from various sources as earnings rise, as well as the cost of basic family expenses. Using the Simulator, this report describes the experiences of two hypothetical families in the workforce.
Low-Income Families in Georgia: Results from the Family Resource Simulator
Creators: name: Dinan, Kinsey Alden
name: Cauthen, Nancy K.
name: Fass, Sarah
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2004
Subjects: Working poor
Working poor--Government policy
Economic assistance, Domestic--U.S. states
Poor families

description: About 85 percent of low-income children have parents who work, and most have at least one parent working full-time, year-round. Nonetheless, many of these parents are unable to afford basic necessities for their families, such as food, housing, and stable child care. Even a full-time job is not always enough to make ends meet, and many parents cannot get ahead simply by working more. As earnings increase—particularly as they rise above the official poverty level—families begin to lose eligibility for work supports. At the same time, work-related expenses, such as child care and transportation, increase. This means that parents may earn more without a family experiencing more financial security. In some cases, earning more actually leaves a family with fewer resources after the bills are paid.

The Family Resource Simulator, developed by the National Center for Children in Poverty, illustrates how this happens. This web-based tool calculates resources and expenses for a hypothetical family that the user "creates" by selecting city and state, family characteristics, income sources, and assets. The user also selects which public benefits the family receives when eligible and makes choices about what happens when the family loses benefits (e.g., does the family seek cheaper child care after losing a subsidy?).

The result is a series of charts that show the hypothetical family's total income from various sources as earnings rise, as well as the cost of basic family expenses. Using the Simulator, this report describes the experiences of two hypothetical families in the workforce.
A photometric study of chemically peculiar stars with the STEREO satellites. I. Magnetic chemically peculiar stars
Creators: name: Wraight, K. T.
name: Fossati, L.
name: Netopil, M.
name: Paunzen, E.
name: Rode-Paunzen, M.
name: Bewsher, D.
name: Norton, A. J.
name: White, G. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: About 10% of upper main sequence stars are characterised by the presence of chemical peculiarities, often found together with a structured magnetic field. The atmospheres of most of those chemically peculiar stars present surface spots, leading to photometric variability caused by rotational modulation. The study of the light curves of those stars therefore, permits a precise measurement of their rotational period, which is important to study stellar evolution and to plan further detailed observations. We analysed the light curves of 1028 chemically peculiar stars obtained with the STEREO spacecraft. We present here the results obtained for the 337 magnetic chemically peculiar stars in our sample. Thanks to the cadence and stability of the photometry, STEREO data are perfectly suitable to study variability signals with a periodicity typical of magnetic chemically peculiar stars. Using a matched filter algorithm and then two different period searching algorithms, we compiled a list of 82 magnetic chemically peculiar stars for which we measured a reliable rotational period; for 48 of them this is the first measurement of their rotational period. The remaining 255 stars are likely to be constant, although we cannot exclude the presence of long period variability. In some cases, the presence of blending or systematic effects prevented us from detecting any reliable variability and in those cases we classified the star as constant. For each star we classified as variable, we determined temperature, luminosity, mass and fractional age, but the limited statistics, biased towards the shorter periods, prevented us from finding any evolutionary trend of the rotational period. For a few stars, the comparison between their projected rotational velocity and equatorial velocity let us believe that their real rotational period might be longer than that found here and previously obtained.
description: Accepted for publication by MNRAS
The lung microbiome in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Creators: name: Sze, Marc Alexander
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: Until recently the normal human lung was thought to be sterile below the larynx, but recent reports from other laboratories indicate that a diverse microbiome exists and becomes less diverse in smokers. These reports led naturally to the hypothesis that pathogens emerging from the abnormal microbiome in smokers could drive the innate and adaptive immune response that has been associated with the pathology of peripheral lung abnormalities observed in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). The purpose of the present study was to examine this hypothesis in human lung tissue. This began with a preliminary experiment in which DNA isolated from 2 samples from a control lung were compared to DNA isolated from 5 different samples of a severe COPD lung, using 75 based pair-end tag sequencing (metagenomic sequencing). For bacteria, a weighted average genome size representing bacterial species identified was applied and the results validated using PCR and qPCR assays. This preliminary experiment was followed by a qPCR, T-RFLP, and targeted sequencing analysis of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene in DNA isolated from single samples of frozen lung tissue obtained from 8 non-smoking and 8 smoking controls, 8 COPD (GOLD 4), and 8 cystic fibrosis patients. The metagenomic sequencing conducted in the preliminary study showed that the 5 samples from a single COPD patient had an average of 2.4 ± 0.7 bacteria/1000 human genomes while the smoking control had 1.6 ± 0.8 bacteria/1000 human genomes. The qPCR results obtained from a single sample from 32 different subjects showed that on average the 8 samples/group of non-smokers, smokers, and COPD (GOLD 4) patients had 34.5 ± 21.8, 44.3 ± 47.0, and 24.1 ± 36.9 bacteria/1000 human cells, respectively, while cystic fibrosis patients had (20 ± 54) x 10 4 bacteria /1000 human cells. T-RFLP analysis showed three distinct community compositions: smokers and non-smokers, cystic fibrosis, and COPD (GOLD 4) patients. These results confirm the presence of a small number of bacteria within the human lung of non-smoker and smoker controls and in COPD patients with a shift in bacterial composition in lungs of those with COPD (GOLD 4).
Hidden asymmetry and long range rapidity correlations
Creators: name: Bialas, A.
name: Bzdak, A.
name: Zalewski, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Interpretation of long-range rapidity correlations in terms of the fluctuating rapidity density distribution of the system created in high-energy collisions is proposed. When applied to recent data of the STAR coll., it shows a substantial asymmetric component in the shape of this system in central Au-Au collisions, implying that boost invariance is violated on the event-by-event basis even at central rapidity. This effect may seriously influence the hydrodynamic expansion of the system.
description: 9 pages, new section 5 with comments, to appear in Phys. Lett. B
Polo-like kinase-1 (PLK-1) inhibitors as novel therapeutics in oral squamous cell carcinoma
Creators: name: Sarkar, Subhanwita
Publisher: name: Cumming School of Medicine
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: PLK-1
subject: therapeutics
subject: oral cancer
subject: Biochemistry

description: Polo-like kinase-1 (PLK-1) belongs to a family of conserved serine/threonine kinases and is an oncogenic protein in many cancers. Therefore, PLK-1 is an attractive therapeutic target and clinical trials are ongoing to test the efficacy of PLK-1 inhibitors in several cancer-types. Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a common head and neck cancer. OSCC is associated with frequent recurrences after initial curative therapy and overall poor prognosis. We analysed RNA sequencing data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and found that PLK-1 mRNA levels are elevated in OSCC compared to normal oral cavity squamous epithelium and high PLK-1 expression in OSCC is associated with worse survival. Based on these results, we tested the efficacy of PLK-1 inhibitors in a panel of ten OSCC cell lines. The PLK-1 inhibitor, volasertib effected cell death at low nanomolar concentrations in most tested OSCC cell lines but not in normal oral keratinocytes. Flowcytometry analysis showed that volasertib induces G2/M arrest in sensitive cell lines. Western blot analysis showed that levels of total PLK-1 and phospho PLK-1 were reduced after volasertib treatment in sensitive cell lines. Volasertib also triggered apoptosis confirmed by the cleavage of PARP and Caspase 3. Cell lines resistant to volasertib did not show any alteration in total PLK-1 and pPLK-1 after volasertib treatment. Post-operative radiotherapy is a common treatment modality in OSCC patients. In two OSCC cell lines that were refractory to volasertib treatment, a combination of volasertib and γ-radiation significantly lowered cell survival compared to volasertib or γ-radiation alone. Combination therapy with γ-radiation and volasertib in resistant cell lines resulted in S-phase arrest. Western blot analysis showed a significant reduction of total PLK-1 and pPLK-1 after combinatorial therapy. Apoptosis was induced in volasertib resistant cells as a result of combination therapy. Taken together, these in vitro studies establish the rationale for further investigation of volasertib efficacy in orthotopic OSCC xenograft models and clinical trials.
Low-Income Families in Delaware: Results from the Family Resource Simulator
Creators: name: Dinan, Kinsey Alden
name: Fass, Sarah
name: Cauthen, Nancy K.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2004
Subjects: Working poor
Working poor--Government policy
Economic assistance, Domestic--U.S. states
Poor families

description: About 85 percent of low-income children have parents who work, and most have at least one parent working full-time, year-round. Nonetheless, many of these parents are unable to afford basic necessities for their families, such as food, housing, and stable child care. Even a full-time job is not always enough to make ends meet, and many parents cannot get ahead simply by working more. As earnings increase—particularly as they rise above the official poverty level—families begin to lose eligibility for work supports. At the same time, work-related expenses, such as child care and transportation, increase. This means that parents may earn more without a family experiencing more financial security. In some cases, earning more actually leaves a family with fewer resources after the bills are paid. The Family Resource Simulator, developed by the National Center for Children in Poverty, illustrates how this happens. This web-based tool calculates resources and expenses for a hypothetical family that the user "creates" by selecting city and state, family characteristics, income sources, and assets. The user also selects which public benefits the family receives when eligible and makes choices about what happens when the family loses benefits (e.g., does the family seek cheaper child care after losing a subsidy?). The result is a series of charts that show the hypothetical family's total income from various sources as earnings rise, as well as the cost of basic family expenses. Using the Simulator, this report describes the experiences of two hypothetical families in the workforce.
Rethinking Women Talk Back The View at 2018
Creators: name: Hanington, Catherine
Publisher: name: Environmental Design
Year: 2018

description: This Master’s thesis is in two parts: The main body of the thesis was completed in 1998 and the second part – a new Introduction and Epilogue – was completed 20 years later in 2018. My original research question was to explore the role of women’s educational experiences in schools of industrial design as a factor in explaining the low numbers of women practising industrial design. To explore this hypothesis, I embarked on a mixed-methods research project that involved qualitative interviews with women in three Canadian schools of Industrial Design: Carleton University in Ottawa, ON; Emily Carr University of Art and Design in Vancouver, BC; and the University of Calgary in Calgary, AB. The result of the 1998 empirical investigation provided evidence that many women in these three schools of industrial design encountered a chilly climate in their studies that suggested that this was a contributing factor in their decision not to pursue active careers as practitioners in the field of industrial design. In the intervening twenty years, the percentage of women students in schools of industrial design has dramatically increased to represent 50% of the student body or higher, and yet the paucity of women practitioners remains much as it was in 1998. Recent statistics put the number of practising female industrial designers in North America still at between 5% and 25%. In 2016, I was re-admitted to the Faculty of Environmental Design at the University of Calgary to revisit and update my original thesis from the 1990s. In a new Epilogue, I assessed both what has and has not changed in the relationship between industrial design education and industrial design professional practice in the last twenty years. In the profession itself, much has changed in terms of the application of new technologies and processes. As well, the profession has entered a period of introspection as to its purpose, practice and future and many have proposed a more socially responsible approach to design. Turning to schools of industrial design, while the curriculum has become more multi-disciplinary and technologically-focussed, feminist pedagogy and critique has made virtually no in-roads. In 2018, I must sadly report that the chilly climate for women in schools of industrial design remains much as it was in 1998. My general conclusion: Feminist scholars need to “rebuild” a body of feminist critique of industrial design as they did in the 1980s and 1990s – to undertake new empirical research of women’s experiences in industrial design education, to once again let women’s voices be heard.
Healing in the none zone : the role of spirituality for survivors of domestic abuse in the Pacific Northwest
Creators: name: Johnson, Adrienne
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Domestic abuse is a prevalent issue within Canadian society; despite this fact, research in the area of healing from domestic abuse is still relatively limited. Meanwhile, research on the topic of spirituality and healing from domestic abuse is still in its infancy. A number of studies on the connections between spirituality and physical / mental health, and spirituality and trauma, suggest the importance of further research on the connections between spirituality and healing from domestic abuse. The purpose of this study is to add to the limited literature on this topic through the exploratory methodology of hermeneutic phenomenology, with a critical feminist modality. This study is unique as it was conducted in Vancouver, British Columbia, and its suburbs, and considers the research question in the cultural and spiritual context of the Pacific Northwest – considered by some authors to be the none zone - which includes the province of British Columbia, and the states of Washington, Oregon and Alaska. By exploring the participants’ experiences of spirituality in relation to healing from domestic abuse, the study adds to the argument for further education in this area for service providers. Six themes emerged from the interviews with the 8 participants. These themes were: (1) Letting go and moving on, (2) Finding comfort and support, (3) Reconnecting to self and the outside world, (4) Building self-confidence, (5) Gaining a sense of empowerment, (6) Regaining hope. A final subsection entitled Call to action: Suggestions for service providers, was included in order to provide participants with a chance to send a message to service providers about their needs in relation to healing. The study offers new insight into women’s experiences of healing from domestic abuse, especially in relation to diverse forms of spirituality. The study also explores clinical implications of the results, as well as areas for future research.
The Challenge of Child Care: More Help Needed for San Antonio's Families
Creators: name: Dinan, Kinsey Alden
name: Briggs, Jodie
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2008
Subjects: Economic assistance, Domestic--U.S. states
Child care--Finance
Child care--Government policy
Poor families

description: San Antonio families are working harder than ever. In fact, more than 85 percent of the children living in low-income families in San Antonio have parents who are employed, and the majority of these children — about 150,000 — have parents who work full-time, year-round. But, despite their best efforts, these parents are struggling to afford the most basic necessities for their families. In San Antonio, as elsewhere in Texas and the United States, a full-time job at low wages is not enough to make ends meet. Work supports such as the federal Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC) and public health insurance can help narrow the gap between low earnings and the cost of basic expenses. But a critical Texas work support — child care assistance — is woefully underfunded and therefore out of reach for many qualified families. This fact sheet finds that child care is one of the largest expenses working families face, and unless they receive help with the cost of care, low-wage working parents remain unable to afford basic family necessities.
Circumstellar dust as a solution to the red supergiant supernova progenitor problem
Creators: name: Walmswell, Joseph J.
name: Eldridge, John J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the red supergiant problem: the apparent dearth of Type IIP supernova progenitors with masses between 16 and 30 M_sun. Although red supergiants with masses in this range have been observed, none have been identified as progenitors in pre-explosion images. We show that by failing to take into account the additional extinction resulting from the dust produced in the red supergiant winds, we risk underestimating the luminosity of the most massive red supergiants at the end of their lives. We estimate the initial masses of all Type IIP progenitors for which observations exist and analyse the resulting population. We find that the most likely maximum mass for a Type IIP progenitor is 21^{+2}_{-1} M_sun. This is in closer agreement with the limit predicted from single star evolution models.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures and 4 tables. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
(Memacu Reformasi Birokrasi dan Meningkatkan Daya Saing Indonesia
Creators: name: Abi Siddiq Wannov
name: Mimin Sundari Nasution, S.Sos.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: LATAR BELAKANG
 Pada masa Orde Baru, birokrasi publik selalu disebut sebagai birokrasi atau birokrasi yang membingungkan; fenomena lambat, tidak profesional, tidak kompetitif, tidak efisien, besar dan korup. Salah satu asal muasal reformasi (1998) adalah mengubah image atau positioning negatif yang dikenal dengan patologi birokrasi.
 Secara singkat Reformasi birokrasi diartikan sebagai upaya untuk melakukan pembaharuan dan perubahan mendasar terhadap sistem penyelenggaraan pemerintah dalam rangka mewujudkan tata kelola pemerintah yang baik (good governance). Tujuan dari reformasi birokrasi adalah terwujudnya tata kelola pemerintahan yang baik dengan aparatur berintegritas tinggi, produktif, dan melayani secara prima dalam rangka meningkatkan kepercayaan publik. Kementerian Koordinator Bidang Pembangunan Manusia dan Kebudayaan (Kemenko PMK) sebagai instansi Pemerintah juga memiliki kewajiban untuk melaksanakan reformasi birokrasi sesuai dengan arah yang telah ditetapkan oleh Kementerian Pendayagunaan Aparatur Negara.
 Dalam pandangan Lord Acton, power tends to corrupt. Absolutely power tends to corrupt absolutely. Karena fenomena tersebut, Indonesia memiliki kekuatan yang lebih besar untuk menjamin pelayanan publik yang lebih baik dan lancar serta peningkatan daya saingnya, termasuk penerapan tata kelola perusahaan yang baik - istilah yang diperkenalkan oleh Dana Moneter Internasional sehubungan dengan ekonomi pasca krisis. Yang dimaksud dengan sistem manajemen perusahaan yang mencerminkan hubungan sinergis antara manajemen dan pemegang saham, kreditur, dewan direksi, pemasok dan pemangku kepentingan lainnya (Nindyo dalam Khairandy, 2007). Konsep good corporate governance, pengembangan konsep good governance, meliputi unsur partisipasi, supremasi hukum, keterbukaan, tanggung jawab, orientasi konsensus, keadilan, efektifitas dan efisiensi.
 Namun, birokrasi publik tidak bernasib lebih baik sejak reformasi 1998, setidaknya menurut laporan tahunan Konsultan Risiko Politik dan Ekonomi Hong
 1 Kong (PERC). Dalam laporannya, PERC menghimpun peringkat pengusaha asing yang terus menempatkan birokrasi Indonesia sebagai yang terburuk di dunia; Negara dengan tingkat korupsi tertinggi (Makka, 2004). Selain itu, hasil Indeks Persepsi Korupsi Transparency International menunjukkan bahwa Indonesia tidak lagi termasuk negara terkorup. Indonesia saat ini menempati peringkat 126 dari 180 negara yang disurvei. Indeks Persepsi Korupsi meningkat dari 0,3 pada tahun 2007 menjadi 2,6 pada tahun 2008. Indonesia termasuk dalam kelompok yang sama dengan Eritrea, Guyana, Honduras, Libya, Mozambik, dan Uganda. Indeks Aparatur Sipil Negara tidak jauh berbeda dengan Indeks Persepsi Korupsi.
Low-Income Families in Pennsylvania: Results from the Family Resource Simulator
Creators: name: Dinan, Kinsey Alden
name: Cauthen, Nancy K.
name: Fass, Sarah
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2004
Subjects: Working poor
Working poor--Government policy
Economic assistance, Domestic--U.S. states
Poor families

description: About 85 percent of low-income children have parents who work, and most have at least one parent working full-time, year-round. Nonetheless, many of these parents are unable to afford basic necessities for their families, such as food, housing, and stable child care. Even a full-time job is not always enough to make ends meet, and many parents cannot get ahead simply by working more. As earnings increase—particularly as they rise above the official poverty level—families begin to lose eligibility for work supports. At the same time, work-related expenses, such as child care and transportation, increase. This means that parents may earn more without a family experiencing more financial security. In some cases, earning more actually leaves a family with fewer resources after the bills are paid.

The Family Resource Simulator, developed by the National Center for Children in Poverty, illustrates how this happens. This web-based tool calculates resources and expenses for a hypothetical family that the user "creates" by selecting city and state, family characteristics, income sources, and assets. The user also selects which public benefits the family receives when eligible and makes choices about what happens when the family loses benefits (e.g., does the family seek cheaper child care after losing a subsidy?).

The result is a series of charts that show the hypothetical family's total income from various sources as earnings rise, as well as the cost of basic family expenses. Using the Simulator, this report describes the experiences of two hypothetical families in the workforce.