cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
AdaNPC: Exploring Non-Parametric Classifier for Test-Time Adaptation
Creators: name: Zhang, Yi-Fan
name: Wang, Xue
name: Jin, Kexin
name: Yuan, Kun
name: Zhang, Zhang
name: Wang, Liang
name: Jin, Rong
name: Tan, Tieniu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Many recent machine learning tasks focus to develop models that can generalize to unseen distributions. Domain generalization (DG) has become one of the key topics in various fields. Several literatures show that DG can be arbitrarily hard without exploiting target domain information. To address this issue, test-time adaptive (TTA) methods are proposed. Existing TTA methods require offline target data or extra sophisticated optimization procedures during the inference stage. In this work, we adopt Non-Parametric Classifier to perform the test-time Adaptation (AdaNPC). In particular, we construct a memory that contains the feature and label pairs from training domains. During inference, given a test instance, AdaNPC first recalls K closed samples from the memory to vote for the prediction, and then the test feature and predicted label are added to the memory. In this way, the sample distribution in the memory can be gradually changed from the training distribution towards the test distribution with very little extra computation cost. We theoretically justify the rationality behind the proposed method. Besides, we test our model on extensive numerical experiments. AdaNPC significantly outperforms competitive baselines on various DG benchmarks. In particular, when the adaptation target is a series of domains, the adaptation accuracy of AdaNPC is 50% higher than advanced TTA methods. The code is available at https://github.com/yfzhang114/AdaNPC.
description: 30 pages, 12 figures
title: ÐÑÑÐ»ÐµÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ ÑÐ¾ÑÐ½Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸ ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¼Ð¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð²Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ ÑÐ¿ÐµÐºÑÑÐ° Ð¼Ð¾Ð´Ð¸ÑÐ¸ÑÐ¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð½ÑÑ ÑÐ¸Ð³Ð½Ð°Ð»Ð¾Ð² ÐÐ¾ÑÐ°Ð½-Ð¡ Ð¿ÑÐ¸ Ð¸ÑÐ¿Ð¾Ð»ÑÐ·Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ð¸ Ð¼Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ÑÑÐµÐ¹ÐºÐ¾Ð²Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ ÐºÐ»ÑÑÐµÐ²Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ ÑÑÐ¸Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÐ»Ñ Ð¼Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸
title: Ð²ÑÐ¿ÑÑÐºÐ½Ð°Ñ ÐºÐ²Ð°Ð»Ð¸ÑÐ¸ÐºÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ° Ð±Ð°ÐºÐ°Ð»Ð°Ð²ÑÐ°
titleType: Subtitle
title: Investigation of the formation accuracy of the main spectrum of modified Loran-C signals using a multi-cell switching power amplifier
Creators: name: Ð©ÐµÐ³Ð¾Ð»ÐµÐ², Ð¤ÐµÐ´Ð¾Ñ
Publisher: name: Ð¡Ð°Ð½ÐºÑ-ÐÐµÑÐµÑÐ±ÑÑÐ³ÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ ÑÐ½Ð¸Ð²ÐµÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑ ÐÐµÑÑÐ° ÐÐµÐ»Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾
Year: 2022
Subjects: ÑÐ°Ð´Ð¸Ð¾Ð½Ð°Ð²Ð¸Ð³Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½ÑÐµ ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ
Ð³ÐµÐ½ÐµÑÐ°ÑÐ¾ÑÐ½ÑÐµ ÑÑÐµÐ¹ÐºÐ¸
ÐºÐ»ÑÑÐµÐ²Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÑÐ¸Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÐ»Ñ Ð¼Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸
Ð¿Ð¾Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ½ÑÐµ Ð¸Ð·Ð»ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ
radionavigation systems
generator cells
key power amplifier
side radiation

description: ÐÐ±ÑÐµÐºÑ Ð¸ÑÑÐ»ÐµÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ â Ð¼Ð¾Ð´Ð¸ÑÐ¸ÑÐ¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð½ÑÐµ Ð¸Ð¼Ð¿ÑÐ»ÑÑÑ ÑÐ°Ð´Ð¸Ð¾Ð½Ð°Ð²Ð¸Ð³Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ LORAN-C Ð¾Ð³ÑÐ°Ð½Ð¸ÑÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ Ð´Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÐ»ÑÐ½Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸. Ð¦ÐµÐ»Ñ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÑ â Ð¿Ð¾Ð¸ÑÐº ÑÐ¸Ð³Ð½Ð°Ð»Ð¾Ð² Ð ÐÐ¡ LORAN-C Ð¾Ð³ÑÐ°Ð½Ð¸ÑÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ Ð´Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÐ»ÑÐ½Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸ Ñ ÑÐ¾ÑÑÐ°Ð½ÐµÐ½Ð¸ÐµÐ¼ ÑÑÐµÐ±Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ð¹ Ðº Ð½Ð°Ð²Ð¸Ð³Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½Ð¾Ð¼Ñ ÑÑÐ¾Ð½ÑÑ ÑÐ¸Ð³Ð½Ð°Ð»Ð° Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð¾Ð±ÐµÑÐ¿ÐµÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¿ÐµÑÐµÐ´Ð°ÑÐ¸ Ð´Ð¾Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð½Ð¸ÑÐµÐ»ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð¹ Ð¸Ð½ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¼Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð¸. ÐÑÐ»Ð¸ Ð¸ÑÑÐ»ÐµÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ñ ÑÑÐ¸ Ð¼Ð¾Ð´Ð¸ÑÐ¸ÐºÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¸ ÑÑÐ½ÐºÑÐ¸Ð¸ ÑÐ¿Ð°Ð´Ð° Ð¾Ð³Ð¸Ð±Ð°ÑÑÐµÐ¹ ÑÐ¸Ð³Ð½Ð°Ð»Ð° Ñ ÑÐ¾ÑÑÐ°Ð½ÐµÐ½Ð¸ÐµÐ¼ ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¼Ñ ÑÑÐ¾Ð½ÑÐ°, Ð²Ð»Ð¸ÑÐ½Ð¸Ðµ Ð¸Ñ Ð½Ð° ÑÐ¿ÐµÐºÑÑ ÑÐ¸Ð³Ð½Ð°Ð»Ð°. ÐÑÐ» Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð²ÐµÐ´ÐµÐ½ ÑÐµÐ¾ÑÐµÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ Ð°Ð½Ð°Ð»Ð¸Ð· Ð²Ð»Ð¸ÑÐ½Ð¸Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÑÑÐ²Ð° Ð³ÐµÐ½ÐµÑÐ°ÑÐ¾ÑÐ½ÑÑ ÑÑÐµÐµÐº Ð½Ð° ÑÐ¿ÐµÐºÑÑÐ°Ð»ÑÐ½ÑÐµ ÑÐ°ÑÐ°ÐºÑÐµÑÐ¸ÑÑÐ¸ÐºÐ¸ Ð¸ ÑÐ°ÑÑÑÐ¸ÑÐ°Ð½Ð¾ Ð¼Ð¸Ð½Ð¸Ð¼Ð°Ð»ÑÐ½Ð¾Ðµ ÐºÐ¾Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÑÑÐ²Ð¾ ÐÐ¯ Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑÐ¾Ð±Ð»ÑÐ´ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ ÑÑÐµÐ±Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ðº ÑÐ¸Ð³Ð½Ð°Ð»Ñ Ð ÐÐ¡.
description: The object of study is modified pulses of the LORAN-C radio navigation system of limited duration. The purpose of the work is to search for RNS LORAN-C signals of limited duration while maintaining the requirements for the navigation edge of the signal to ensure the transmission of additional information. Three modifications of the decay function of the signal envelope with the preservation of the front shape and their influence on the signal spectrum were studied. A theoretical analysis of the influence of the number of generator cells on the spectral characteristics was carried out and the minimum number of generator cells was calculated to meet the requirements for the RNS signal.
Torque reversal and cyclotron absorption feature in HMXB 4U 1538-522
Creators: name: Sharma, Prince
name: Jain, Chetana
name: Dutta, Anjan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a comprehensive timing and spectral analysis of the HMXB 4U 1538-522 by using the Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array (NuSTAR) observatory data. Using three archived observations made between 2019 and 2021, we have detected $\sim $ 526 s coherent pulsations up to 60 keV. We have found an instantaneous spin-down rate of $\dot{P} = 6.6_{-6.0}^{+2.4} \times 10^{-6}$ s s$^{-1}$ during the first observation. The pulse profiles had a double peaked structure consisting of a broad primary peak and an energy dependent, weak secondary peak. We have also analysed the long-term spin-period evolution of 4U 1538-522 from data spanning more than four decades, including the data from Fermi/GBM. Based on the recent spin trends, we have found that the third torque reversal in 4U 1538-522 happened around MJD 58800. The source is currently spinning up with $\dot{P} = -1.9(1) \times 10^{-9}$ s s$^{-1}$. We also report a periodic fluctuation in the spin-period of 4U 1538-522. The broad-band persistent spectra can be described with a blackbody component and either powerlaw or Comptonization component along with a Fe K$_α$ line at 6.4 keV and a cyclotron absorption feature around 22 keV. We have also found a relatively weak absorption feature around 27 keV in the persistent spectra of 4U 1538-522 in all three observations. We have estimated a magnetic field strength of $1.84_{-0.06}^{+0.04} (1+z) \times 10^{12}$ and $2.33_{-0.24}^{+0.15} (1+z) \times 10^{12}$ G for the two features, respectively.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
title: Karteren overstroming Demer juli 2021: op basis van helikopterbeelden en DTM
Creators: name: Vos, Gwendy
name: Deschamps, Maarten
name: Smolders, Sven
Publisher: name: Flanders Hydraulics Research
Year: 2021

description: Title : WL Rapporten. Waterbouwkundig Laboratorium: Antwerpen. Volume : 21_085_1 Issue : Pagination : VI, 15
Efficient wavefunction propagation by minimizing accumulated action
Creators: name: Walters, Zachary B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper presents a new technique to calculate the evolution of a quantum wavefunction in a chosen spatial basis by minimizing the accumulated action. Introduction of a finite temporal basis reduces the problem to a set of linear equations, while an appropriate choice of temporal basis set offers improved convergence relative to methods based on matrix exponentiation for a class of physically relevant problems.
Listening to fire naturecultures : a feminist academic podcast of fire knowledges in and around the Okanagan Valley
Creators: name: Burr, Judith
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2022

description: Interdisciplinary fire research shows that the naturalcultural world of the Okanagan Valley of the southern interior of British Columbia has been shaped by fire for millennia: by cultural burning by Syilx Okanagan and Secwépemc communities, by lightning fires, and by patterns of settler-colonial burning and fire suppression. In the wake of large and severe wildfire seasons and predictions of worsening wildfires fueled by climate change, there are calls for both interdisciplinary problem-solving among fire scholars and for more public engagement to transform how we live with fire in British Columbia. Understanding the history of fire in these places can contribute to better fire use, management, and response that accounts for more-than-human ecological health and recognizes multiple forms of important fire expertise. This thesis is a contribution to these interdisciplinary and public conversations about life with fire. It takes the form of the academic podcast “Listening to Fire Knowledges in and around the Okanagan Valley,” and this supporting research document Listening to Fire Naturecultures. The podcast is a work of digital- (and feminist-, environmental-, and public-) humanities research-creation centered on 14 oral history and expert interviews and two field recordings; each interviewee holds specific and often plural forms of expertise and understandings of life with fire in and around the Okanagan. My recorded conversations situate me as the researcher in this project and allow me to share my fire research in a dialogic, relational, listenable format contextualized by my archival and secondary source fire history research. Academic podcasting has been a way for me to enact particular feminist values and methodologies. I see listening as a container for these values, their application to my academic podcast, and an important disposition for shaping collaborative fire knowledges and practices. This work explores the ways that fire history informs present and future ways of living with and understanding fire in and around this Valley.
Time Dependent Density Functional Theory meets Dynamical Mean Field Theory: Real-Time Dynamics for the 3D Hubbard model
Creators: name: Karlsson, Daniel
name: Privitera, Antonio
name: Verdozzi, Claudio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a new class of exchange-correlation potentials for a static and time-dependent Density Functional Theory of strongly correlated systems in 3D. The potentials are obtained via Dynamical Mean Field Theory and, for strong enough interactions, exhibit a discontinuity at half filling density, a signature of the Mott transition. For time-dependent perturbations, the dynamics is described in the adiabatic local density approximation. Results from the new scheme compare very favorably to exact ones in clusters. As an application, we study Bloch oscillations in the 3D Hubbard model.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Tunneling magneto thermo power in magnetic tunnel junction nanopillars
Creators: name: Liebing, N.
name: Serrano-Guisan, S.
name: Rott, K.
name: Reiss, G.
name: Langer, J.
name: Ocker, B.
name: Schumacher, H. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the tunneling magneto thermo power (TMTP) in CoFeB/MgO/CoFeB magnetic tunnel junction nanopillars. Thermal gradients across the junctions are generated by a micropatterned electric heater line. Thermo power voltages up to a few tens of \muV between the top and bottom contact of the nanopillars are measured which scale linearly with the applied heating power and hence with the applied temperature gradient. The thermo power signal varies by up to 10 \muV upon reversal of the relative magnetic configuration of the two CoFeB layers from parallel to antiparallel. This signal change corresponds to a large spin-dependent Seebeck coefficient of the order of 100 \muV/K and a large TMTP change of the tunnel junction of up to 90%.
description: Revised version containing additional data and analyis. 13 pages, 3 figures
Chern-Simons orbital magnetoelectric coupling in generic insulators
Creators: name: Coh, Sinisa
name: Vanderbilt, David
name: Malashevich, Andrei
name: Souza, Ivo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a Wannier-based method to calculate the Chern-Simons orbital magnetoelectric coupling in the framework of first-principles density-functional theory. In view of recent developments in connection with strong Z2 topological insulators, we anticipate that the Chern-Simons contribution to the magnetoelectric coupling could, in special cases, be as large or larger than the total magnetoelectric coupling in known magnetoelectrics like Cr2O3. The results of our calculations for the ordinary magnetoelectrics Cr2O3, BiFeO3 and GdAlO3 confirm that the Chern-Simons contribution is quite small in these cases. On the other hand, we show that if the spatial inversion and time-reversal symmetries of the Z2 topological insulator Bi2Se3 are broken by hand, large induced changes appear in the Chern-Simons magnetoelectric coupling.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures, 1 table
Additional file 2 of Generation and Starch Characterization of Non-Transgenic BEI and BEIIb Double Mutant Rice (Oryza sativa) with Ultra-High Level of Resistant Starch
Creators: name: Miura, Satoko
name: Koyama, Nana
name: Crofts, Naoko
name: Hosaka, Yuko
name: Abe, Misato
name: Fujita, Naoko
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Plant Biology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 2: Fig. S1. Elution profiles of debranched starch and amylopectin analyzed by gel filtration chromatography. Fraction I contains amylose or extra-long amylopectin chains. Fraction II contains long amylopectin chains. Fraction III contains short amylopectin chains. Red lines indicate patterns obtained from starch, and blue lines indicate patterns obtained from the purified amylopectin. Differences in retention time (RT) in Kinmaze were due to difference of the lot of the column.
MIGHTEE-HI: The first MeerKAT HI mass function from an untargeted interferometric survey
Creators: name: Ponomareva, Anastasia A.
name: Jarvis, Matt J.
name: Pan, Hengxing
name: Maddox, Natasha
name: Jones, Michael G.
name: Frank, Bradley S.
name: Rajohnson, Sambatriniaina H. A.
name: Mulaudzi, Wanga
name: Meyer, Martin
name: Adams, Elizabeth A. K.
name: Baes, Maarten
name: Hess, Kelley M.
name: Kurapati, Sushma
name: Prandoni, Isabella
name: Sinigaglia, Francesco
name: Spekkens, Kristine
name: Tudorache, Madalina
name: Heywood, Ian
name: Collier, Jordan D.
name: Sekhar, Srikrishna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first measurement of the HI mass function (HIMF) using data from MeerKAT, based on 276 direct detections from the MIGHTEE Survey Early Science data covering a period of approximately a billion years ($0 \leq z \leq 0.084 $). This is the first HIMF measured using interferometric data over non-group or cluster field, i.e. a deep blank field. We constrain the parameters of the Schechter function which describes the HIMF with two different methods: $1/\rm V_{\rm max}$ and Modified Maximum Likelihood (MML). We find a low-mass slope $α=-1.29^{+0.37}_{-0.26}$, `knee' mass $\log_{10}(M_{*}/{\rm M_{\odot}}) = 10.07^{+0.24}_{-0.24}$ and normalisation $\log_{10}(ϕ_{*}/\rm Mpc^{-3})=-2.34^{+0.32}_{-0.36}$ ($H_0 = 67.4$ kms$^{-1}$ Mpc$^{-1}$) for $1/\rm V_{\rm max}$ and $α=-1.44^{+0.13}_{-0.10}$, `knee' mass $\log_{10}(M_{*}/{\rm M_{\odot}}) = 10.22^{+0.10}_{-0.13}$ and normalisation $\log_{10}(ϕ_{*}/\rm Mpc^{-3})=-2.52^{+0.19}_{-0.14}$ for MML. When using $1/\rm V_{\rm max}$ we find both the low-mass slope and `knee' mass to be consistent within $1σ$ with previous studies based on single-dish surveys. The cosmological mass density of HI is found to be slightly larger than previously reported: $Ω_{\rm HI}=5.46^{+0.94}_{-0.99} \times 10^{-4}h^{-1}_{67.4}$ from $1/\rm V_{\rm max}$ and $Ω_{\rm HI}=6.31^{+0.31}_{-0.31} \times 10^{-4}h^{-1}_{67.4}$ from MML but consistent within the uncertainties. We find no evidence for evolution of the HIMF over the last billion years.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Plasma lensing with magnetic field and a small correction to the Faraday rotation measurement
Creators: name: Er, Xinzhong
name: Pen, Ue-Li
name: Sun, Xiaohui
name: Li, Dongzi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Plasma lensing displays interesting characteristics that set it apart from gravitational lensing. The magnetised medium induces birefringence in the two polarisation modes. As the lensing deflection grows stronger, e.g. when images form near the critical curve, the geometric delay of the signal can cause rotation in linear polarisation, in addition to Faraday rotation. This rotation has a frequency dependence to the power of four. We study the geometric rotation of the lensed image in a Gaussian density model and find that it is necessary to take into account the geometric rotation when estimating magnetised media, especially in the under-dense lens. At frequencies of $\sim 1$ GHz or lower, the geometric rotation can dominate. We simulate the flux of lensed images and find that when the image forms near the lensing critical curve, the birefringence can convert the linear polarisation and un-polarisation pulse into a circular mode. The lensing magnification has the potential to increase the probability of detecting such events.
description: MNRAS, 7 pages, comments welcome
Programme - MIDA Local Training 2th Nov. 2020→7th Nov. 2020 Philipps-Marburg University
Creators: name: Debargue Audrey
name: Buresi Pascal
name: Galluccio Giulia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: ITN MIDA
ISLAM
LOCAL TRAINING
Philipps - Marburg University
PROGRAMME
SOCIAL SCIENCES
GRAPHIC DESIGN

description: MIDA Local Training 2th Nov. 2020 → 7th Nov. 2020 Philipps - Marburg University Monday 2nd November : In order to scrape data from websites or to parse already existing data (Wikipedia) researchers need to learn the fundamentals of HTML, XML, and BeautifulSoup Tuesday 3rd November : Certain platforms such as Twitter disclose their data via an API. Researchers willing to receive this data need to learn how to communicate with APIs Wednesday 4th November : After data has been gathered it has to be exported and/or parsed in ways that allow it to be visualized or parsed by machine learning packages. Thursday 5th November : Students will also get the chance to revisit concepts from prior days and continue to exercise with these concepts in case they do not have project specific issues. Friday 6th November : Students will also get the chance to revisit concepts from prior days and continue to exercise with these concepts in case they do not have project specific issues. Saturday 7th November : Students will also get the chance to revisit concepts from prior days and continue to exercise with these concepts in case they do not have project specific issues. [...]
Voter Model with Time dependent Flip-rates
Creators: name: Baxter, G. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We introduce time variation in the flip-rates of the Voter Model. This type of generalisation is relevant to models of ageing in language change, allowing the representation of changes in speakers' learning rates over their lifetime and may be applied to any other similar model in which interaction rates at the microscopic level change with time. The mean time taken to reach consensus varies in a nontrivial way with the rate of change of the flip-rates, varying between bounds given by the mean consensus times for static homogeneous (the original Voter Model) and static heterogeneous flip-rates. By considering the mean time between interactions for each agent, we derive excellent estimates of the mean consensus times and exit probabilities for any time scale of flip-rate variation. The scaling of consensus times with population size on complex networks is correctly predicted, and is as would be expected for the ordinary voter model. Heterogeneity in the initial distribution of opinions has a strong effect, considerably reducing the mean time to consensus, while increasing the probability of survival of the opinion which initially occupies the most slowly changing agents. The mean times to reach consensus for different states are very different. An opinion originally held by the fastest changing agents has a smaller chance to succeed, and takes much longer to do so than an evenly distributed opinion.
description: 16 pages, 6 figures
Ammonia masers toward G358.931-0.030
Creators: name: McCarthy, T. P.
name: Breen, S. L.
name: Kaczmarek, J. F.
name: Chen, X.
name: Parfenov, S.
name: Sobolev, A. M.
name: Ellingsen, S. P.
name: Burns, R. A.
name: MacLeod, G. C.
name: Sugiyama, K.
name: Brierley, A. L.
name: Heever, S. P. van den
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the detection of ammonia masers in the non-metastable (6, 3), (7, 5) and (6, 5) transitions, the latter is the first unambiguous maser detection of that transition ever made. Our observations include the first VLBI detection of ammonia maser emission, which allowed effective constrain of the (6, 5) maser brightness temperature. The masers were detected towards G358.931-0.030, a site of 6.7-GHz class~II methanol maser emission that was recently reported to be undergoing a period of flaring activity. These ammonia masers appear to be flaring contemporaneously with the class~II methanol masers during the accretion burst event of G358.931-0.030. This newly detected site of ammonia maser emission is only the twelfth such site discovered in the Milky Way. We also report the results of an investigation into the maser pumping conditions, for all three detected masing transitions, through radiative transfer calculations constrained by our observational data. These calculations support the hypothesis that the ammonia (6, 5) maser transition is excited through high colour temperature infrared emission, with the (6, 5) and (7, 5) transition line-ratio implying dust temperatures >400K. Additionally, we detect significant linearly polarised emission from the ammonia (6, 3) maser line. Alongside our observational and radiative transfer calculation results, we also report newly derived rest frequencies for the ammonia (6, 3) and (6, 5) transitions.
description: Accepted into MNRAS 2023 April 24. 13 pages, 5 figures, 3 tables
title: ÐÑÐ¿Ð¾Ð»ÑÐ·Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ ÑÐµÑ Ð½Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸Ð¸ "ÐÐ»Ð¾ÐºÑÐµÐ¹Ð½" Ð² ÑÐ»ÐµÐºÑÑÐ¾ÑÐ½ÐµÑÐ³ÐµÑÐ¸ÐºÐµ
title: Ð²ÑÐ¿ÑÑÐºÐ½Ð°Ñ ÐºÐ²Ð°Ð»Ð¸ÑÐ¸ÐºÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ° Ð±Ð°ÐºÐ°Ð»Ð°Ð²ÑÐ°
titleType: Subtitle
title: The use of blockchain technology in the power industry
Creators: name: ÐÐµÐ·Ð±Ð°ÑÑÐµÐ½ÐºÐ¾, ÐÐ½ÑÐ¾Ð½
Publisher: name: Ð¡Ð°Ð½ÐºÑ-ÐÐµÑÐµÑÐ±ÑÑÐ³ÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ ÑÐ½Ð¸Ð²ÐµÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑ ÐÐµÑÑÐ° ÐÐµÐ»Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾
Year: 2021
Subjects: Ð±Ð»Ð¾ÐºÑÐµÐ¹Ð½
ÑÐ¼Ð½ÑÐ¹ ÐºÐ¾Ð½ÑÑÐ°ÐºÑ
ÑÐ»ÐµÐºÑÑÐ¾ÑÐ½ÐµÑÐ³ÐµÑÐ¸ÐºÐ°
ÑÐ¼Ð½ÑÐ¹ ÑÑÑÑÑÐ¸Ðº
ÑÐ°ÑÐ¿ÑÐµÐ´ÐµÐ»ÑÐ½Ð½ÑÐ¹ ÑÐ·ÐµÐ»
Ð±Ð»Ð¾ÐºÑÐµÐ¹Ð½-Ð¼Ð¾Ð´ÐµÐ»Ñ
Ð¸Ð½ÑÐµÐ»Ð»ÐµÐºÑÑÐ°Ð»ÑÐ½Ð°Ñ Ð¿Ð»Ð°ÑÑÐ¾ÑÐ¼Ð°
blockchain
smart contract
electricity
smart meter
distributed node
blockchain model
smart platform

description: Ð Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐµ ÑÐ°ÑÑÐ¼Ð¾ÑÑÐµÐ½Ñ Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð²Ð½ÑÐµ Ð¿ÑÐµÐ´Ð¿Ð¾ÑÑÐ»ÐºÐ¸ Ðº Ð²Ð½ÐµÐ´ÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸Ð¸ Â«Ð±Ð»Ð¾ÐºÑÐµÐ¹Ð½Â» Ð² ÑÐ»ÐµÐºÑÑÐ¾ÑÐ½ÐµÑÐ³ÐµÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ð¼ ÑÐµÐºÑÐ¾ÑÐµ. ÐÐ·Ð»Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ñ Ð¿ÑÐ¸Ð½ÑÐ¸Ð¿Ñ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÑ Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸Ð¸, Ð¸ ÐºÐ¾Ð½ÑÐµÐ¿ÑÐ¸Ð¸, Ð¿Ð¾Ð´ÑÐ¾Ð´ÑÑÐ¸Ðµ Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑÐ»ÐµÐºÑÑÐ¾ÑÐ½ÐµÑÐ³ÐµÑÐ¸ÐºÐ¸. ÐÑÐ¸Ð²ÐµÐ´ÐµÐ½Ñ Ð¿ÑÐ¸Ð¼ÐµÑÑ Ð¸ÑÐ¿Ð¾Ð»ÑÐ·Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Â«Ð±Ð»Ð¾ÐºÑÐµÐ¹Ð½Ð°Â» Ð² ÐÐµÑÐ¼Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ð¸ Ð¸ Ð² Ð¡Ð¨Ð. Ð ÑÐ°ÐºÐ¶Ðµ ÑÐ°ÑÑÐ¼Ð¾ÑÑÐµÐ½ Ð¾Ð¿ÑÑ ÑÐ¾ÑÑÐ¸Ð¹ÑÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¸ÑÐ¿Ð¾Ð»ÑÐ·Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸Ð¸. ÐÐ°Ð½Ð° Ð¾ÑÐµÐ½ÐºÐ°Ð¼ Ð¿ÐµÑÑÐ¿ÐµÐºÑÐ¸Ð²Ð°Ð¼ Ð¸ ÑÐ¸ÑÐºÐ°Ð¼, ÑÐ²ÑÐ·Ð°Ð½Ð½ÑÐ¼ ÑÐ¾ Ð²Ð½ÐµÐ´ÑÐµÐ½Ð¸ÐµÐ¼ Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸Ð¸.
description: This paper discusses the main prerequisites for the implementation of blockchain technology in the electric power sector. The principles of operation of this technology, and concepts suitable for the electric power industry are outlined. Examples of the use of "blockchain" in Germany and in the USA are given. And, also, the experience of the Russian use of this technology is considered. It is given to assess the prospects and risks associated with the implementation of this technology.
A moderate spin for the black hole in X-ray binary MAXI J1348-630 revealed by Insight-HXMT
Creators: name: Wu, Hanji
name: Wang, Wei
name: Sai, Na
name: Zhu, Haifan
name: Chen, Jiashi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: MAXI J1348-630 is a low-mass X-ray black hole binary located in the Galaxy and undergone the X-ray outburst in 2019. We analyzed the observation data in very soft state during the outburst between MJD 58588 and MJD 58596 based on the Insight-HXMT observations from 2 -- 20 keV via the continuum fitting method to measure the spin of the stellar-mass black hole in MAXI J1348-630. The inner disk temperature and the apparent inner disk radius were found to be $0.47\pm 0.01 \rm keV$ and $5.33\pm 0.10 \ R_{g}$ from the observation data modeled by the multicolor disc blackbody model. Assuming the distance of the source $D\sim 3.4 \rm kpc$, the mass of the black hole $M\sim 11 \ M_{\odot}$, and the inclination of the system $i\sim 29.2^{\circ}$, the spin is determined to be $a_{\star}=0.41\pm 0.03$ for fixing hardening factor at 1.6 and $n_{H}=8.6\times 10^{21} \rm cm^{-2}$. Besides, considering the uncertainty of the parameters $D, M, i$ of this system, with the Monte Carlo analysis, we still confirm the moderate spin of the black hole as $a_{\star}=0.42^{+0.13}_{-0.50}$. Some spectral parameters (e.g., column density and hardening factor) which could affect the measurements of the BH spin are also briefly discussed.
description: 10 pages, 14 figures, 5 tables, accept for publication in MNRAS
The mean velocity of two-state models of molecular motor
Creators: name: Zhang, Yunxin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The motion of molecular motor is essential to the biophysical functioning of living cells. In principle, this motion can be regraded as a multiple chemical states process. In which, the molecular motor can jump between different chemical states, and in each chemical state, the motor moves forward or backward in a corresponding potential. So, mathematically, the motion of molecular motor can be described by several coupled one-dimensional hopping models or by several coupled Fokker-Planck equations. To know the basic properties of molecular motor, in this paper, we will give detailed analysis about the simplest cases: in which there are only two chemical states. Actually, many of the existing models, such as the flashing ratchet model, can be regarded as a two-state model. From the explicit expression of the mean velocity, we find that the mean velocity of molecular motor might be nonzero even if the potential in each state is periodic, which means that there is no energy input to the molecular motor in each of the two states. At the same time, the mean velocity might be zero even if there is energy input to the molecular motor. Generally, the velocity of molecular motor depends not only on the potentials (or corresponding forward and backward transition rates) in the two states, but also on the transition rates between the two chemical states.
Uncovering the stellar structure of the dusty star-forming galaxy GN20 at z=4.055 with MIRI/JWST
Creators: name: Colina, L.
name: Gómez, A. Crespo
name: Álvarez-Márquez, J.
name: Bik, A.
name: Walter, F.
name: Boogaard, L.
name: Labiano, A.
name: Peissker, F.
name: Pérez-González, P.
name: Östlin, G.
name: Greve, T. R.
name: Nørgaard-Nielsen, H. U.
name: Wright, G.
name: Alonso-Herrero, A.
name: Azollini, R.
name: Caputi, K. I.
name: Dicken, D.
name: García-Marín, M.
name: Hjorth, J.
name: Ilbert, O.
name: Kendrew, S.
name: Pye, J. P.
name: Tikkanen, T.
name: van der Werf, P.
name: Costantin, L.
name: Iani, E.
name: Gillman, S.
name: Jermann, I.
name: Langeroodi, D.
name: Moutard, T.
name: Rinaldi, P.
name: Topinka, M.
name: van Dishoeck, E. F.
name: Güdel, M.
name: Henning, Th.
name: Lagage, P. O.
name: Ray, T.
name: Vandenbussche, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Luminous infrared galaxies at high redshifts ($z$>4) include extreme starbursts that build their stellar mass over short periods of time (>100 Myr). These galaxies are considered to be the progenitors of massive quiescent galaxies at intermediate redshifts ($z\sim$2) but their stellar structure and buildup is unknown. Here, we present the first spatially resolved near-infrared imaging of GN20, one of the most luminous dusty star-forming galaxies known to date, observed at an epoch when the Universe was only 1.5 Gyr old. The 5.6$μ$m image taken with the JWST Mid-Infrared Instrument (MIRI/JWST) shows that GN20 is a very luminous galaxy (M$_\mathrm{1.1μm,AB}$=$-$25.01), with a stellar structure composed of a conspicuous central source and an extended envelope. The central source is an unresolved nucleus that carries 9% of the total flux. The nucleus is co-aligned with the peak of the cold dust emission, and offset by 3.9 kpc from the ultraviolet stellar emission. The diffuse stellar envelope is similar in size to the clumpy CO molecular gas distribution. The centroid of the stellar envelope is offset by 1 kpc from the unresolved nucleus, suggesting GN20 is involved in an interaction or merger event supported by its location as the brightest galaxy in a proto-cluster. The stellar size of GN20 is larger by a factor of about 3-5 than known spheroids, disks, and irregulars at $z\sim$4, while its size and low Sérsic index are similar to those measured in dusty, infrared luminous galaxies at $z\sim$2 of the same mass. GN20 has all the ingredients necessary for evolving into a massive spheroidal quiescent galaxy at intermediate $z$: it is a large, luminous galaxy at $z$=4.05 involved in a short and massive starburst centred in the stellar nucleus and extended over the entire galaxy, out to radii of 4 kpc, and likely induced by the interaction or merger with a member of the proto-cluster.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
Additional file 2 of Two-step generation of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells from human pluripotent stem cells with reinforced efficacy upon osteoarthritis rabbits by HA hydrogel
Creators: name: Zhang, Leisheng
name: Yimeng Wei
name: Chi, Ying
name: Dengke Liu
name: Sijun Yang
name: Zhongchao Han
name: Zongjin Li
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 2: Figure S2. hiPSC-MSCs exhibit preferable characteristics in multilineage differentiation. (a) The phase contrast images of hiPSC-MSC-derived adipocytes with Oil red O staining. The undifferentiated hiPSC-MSCs were used as negative control. Scale bar = 100 μm. (b) Quantitative analysis of the adipogenic-associated genes (ADIPOQ, PPAR-γ) in undifferentiated and differentiated hiPSC-MSC-derived adipocytes (mean ± SEM, N = 3). *P
Measuring the flatness of focal plane for very large mosaic CCD camera
Creators: name: Hao, Jiangang
name: Estrada, Juan
name: Cease, Herman
name: Diehl, H. Thomas
name: Flaugher, Brenna L.
name: Kubik, Donna
name: Kuk, Keivin
name: Kuropatkine, Nickolai
name: Lin, Huan
name: Montes, Jorge
name: Scarpine, Vic
name: Schultz, Ken
name: Wester, William
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Large mosaic multiCCD camera is the key instrument for modern digital sky survey. DECam is an extremely red sensitive 520 Megapixel camera designed for the incoming Dark Energy Survey (DES). It is consist of sixty two 4k$\times$2k and twelve 2k x 2k 250-micron thick fully-depleted CCDs, with a focal plane of 44 cm in diameter and a field of view of 2.2 square degree. It will be attached to the Blanco 4-meter telescope at CTIO. The DES will cover 5000 square-degrees of the southern galactic cap in 5 color bands (g, r, i, z, Y) in 5 years starting from 2011. To achieve the science goal of constraining the Dark Energy evolution, stringent requirements are laid down for the design of DECam. Among them, the flatness of the focal plane needs to be controlled within a 60-micron envelope in order to achieve the specified PSF variation limit. It is very challenging to measure the flatness of the focal plane to such precision when it is placed in a high vacuum dewar at 173 K. We developed two image based techniques to measure the flatness of the focal plane. By imaging a regular grid of dots on the focal plane, the CCD offset along the optical axis is converted to the variation the grid spacings at different positions on the focal plane. After extracting the patterns and comparing the change in spacings, we can measure the flatness to high precision. In method 1, the regular dots are kept in high sub micron precision and cover the whole focal plane. In method 2, no high precision for the grid is required. Instead, we use a precise XY stage moves the pattern across the whole focal plane and comparing the variations of the spacing when it is imaged by different CCDs. Simulation and real measurements show that the two methods work very well for our purpose, and are in good agreement with the direct optical measurements.
description: Presented at SPIE Conference,Ground-based and Airborne Instrumentation for Astronomy III, San Diego, 2010
Red giant stars as standard candles
Creators: name: Parada Torres, Javiera Fernanda
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2022

description: This thesis introduces two new extragalactic distance determination methods; the first uses the median magnitude of carbon-rich asymptotic giant branch stars (CS), while the second uses the combined luminosity function of the red-giant branch (RGB) and oxygen-rich asymptotic giant branch stars (AGB). The sample of CS and RGB+AGB stars are selected from near-infrared JHKs-bands colour-magnitude diagrams (CMD), as in these filters RGs are bright and easy to identify. Both methods use the Magellanic Clouds (MC) as the fundamental calibrators and are tested in four Magellanic type galaxies: NGC 6822, IC 1613, WLM and NGC 3109, these target galaxies are all members of the Local Group. For the CS method, the CS J-band luminosity function is fitted using a Lorentzian distribution modified to allow the distribution to be asymmetric. The parameters of the best-fit distribution are then used to determine if the CS luminosity function of a given galaxy resembles that of the Large or Small MC (LMC or SMC). Based on this resemblance, either the LMC or SMC is used as the calibrator and the distance to the given galaxy is estimated using the median J-magnitude of the CS samples. The second method uses an un-binned maximum likelihood estimator to find the distance modulus that minimizes the difference between the luminosity function of the RGB+AGB stars in a target galaxy and the model distribution given by the luminosity function of the RGB+AGB stars in the MC. The model luminosity function can be given by the LMC and SMC individually or as a linear combination (LC) of both. The LC includes a "shape'' parameter that quantifies how "LMC-'' or "SMC-like'' a target galaxy is. Except for the NGC 3109 Ks luminosity function, the LC "shape'' results agree with the CS "LMC/SMC-like'' classification. Estimations of the distances through the tip of the RGB method are also included to test the performance and compare the results when the three different methods are applied to the same data set. The distance estimates for the target galaxies from the three different methods presented in this thesis are in good agreement within the error bars.
Non-Relativistic Fluid Dual to Asymptotically AdS Gravity at Finite Cutoff Surface
Creators: name: Cai, Rong-Gen
name: Li, Li
name: Zhang, Yun-Long
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the non-relativistic hydrodynamic expansion, we solve equations of motion for Einstein gravity and Gauss-Bonnet gravity with a negative cosmological constant within the region between a finite cutoff surface and a black brane horizon, up to the second order of the expansion parameter. Through the Brown-York tensor, we calculate the stress energy tensor of dual fluids living on the cutoff surface. With the black brane solutions, we show that for both Einstein gravity and Gauss-Bonnet gravity, the ratio of shear viscosity to entropy ensity of dual fluid does not run with the cutoff surface. The incompressible Navier-Stokes equations are also obtained in both cases.
description: 17 pages, minor revision to appear in JHEP
Encrypted Key Exchange: Password-Based Protocols Secure Against Dictionary Attacks
Creators: Bellovin, Steven Michael
Merritt, Michael
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1992
Subjects: Computer science

description: Classic cryptographic protocols based on user-chosen keys allow an attacker to mount password-guessing attacks. A combination of asymmetric (public-key) and symmetric (secret-key) cryptography that allow two parties sharing a common password to exchange confidential and authenticated information over an insecure network is introduced. In particular, a protocol relying on the counter-intuitive motion of using a secret key to encrypt a public key is presented. Such protocols are secure against active attacks, and have the property that the password is protected against offline dictionary attacks.
Willman 1 - a probable dwarf galaxy with an irregular kinematic distribution
Creators: name: Willman, Beth
name: Geha, Marla
name: Strader, Jay
name: Strigari, Louis E.
name: Simon, Joshua D.
name: Kirby, Evan
name: Warres, Alex
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the kinematic properties and stellar population of the Galactic satellite Willman 1 (Wil 1) by combining Keck/DEIMOS spectroscopy with KPNO mosaic camera imaging. Wil 1 is an ultra-low luminosity Milky Way companion. This object lies in a region of size-luminosity space (M_V ~ -2 mag, d ~ 38 kpc, r_half ~ 20 pc) also occupied by the Galactic satellites Boötes II and Segue 1 and 2, but no other known old stellar system. We use kinematic and color-magnitude criteria to identify 45 stars as possible members of Wil 1. With a systemic velocity of v_helio = -12.8 +/- 1.0 km/s, Wil 1 stars have velocities similar to those of foreground Milky Way stars. Informed by Monte-Carlo simulations, we identify 5 of the 45 candidate member stars as likely foreground contaminants. We confirm a significant spread in the abundances of the likely Wil 1 red giant branch members ([Fe/H] = -1.73 +/- 0.12 and -2.65 +/- 0.12, [Ca/Fe] = -0.4 +/- 0.18 and +0.13 +/- 0.28). This spread supports the scenario that Wil 1 is an ultra-low luminosity dwarf galaxy rather than a star cluster. Wil 1's innermost stars move with radial velocities offset by 8 km/s from its outer stars and have a velocity dispersion consistent with 0 km/s, suggesting that Wil 1 may not be in dynamical equilibrium. The combination of the foreground contamination and unusual kinematic distribution make it difficult to robustly determine the dark matter mass of Wil 1. As a result, X-ray or gamma-ray observations of Wil 1 that attempt to constrain models of particle dark matter using an equilibrium mass model are strongly affected by the systematics in the observations presented here. We conclude that, despite the unusual features in the Wil 1 kinematic distribution, evidence indicates that this object is, or at least once was, a dwarf galaxy.
description: AJ accepted version. The primary improvements are a detailed investigation of the membership probability (Section 3.4 and new Figures 6, 7 and 8) and the revised spectroscopic [Fe/H] and [Ca/Fe] measurements of the two brightest member stars. Conclusions are unchanged from the submitted version
Additional file 1 of Two-step generation of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells from human pluripotent stem cells with reinforced efficacy upon osteoarthritis rabbits by HA hydrogel
Creators: name: Zhang, Leisheng
name: Yimeng Wei
name: Chi, Ying
name: Dengke Liu
name: Sijun Yang
name: Zhongchao Han
name: Zongjin Li
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. FCM assay for hESCs-derived cells after small molecule treatment. (a) Flow cytometry (FCM) analysis of hESCs-derived cells cultured with the indicated antibodies (CD73, CD105, CD44, CD31) in 3% FBS/DMEM/F12 ± 10 nM small molecule for 9 days.
Effects of dust grain size distribution on the abundances of CO and H$_2$ in galaxy evolution
Creators: name: Hirashita, Hiroyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We model the effect of grain size distribution in a galaxy on the evolution of CO and H$_2$ abundances. The formation and dissociation of CO and H$_2$ in typical dense clouds are modelled in a manner consistent with the grain size distribution. The evolution of grain size distribution is calculated based on our previous model, which treats the galaxy as a one-zone object but includes various dust processing mechanisms in the interstellar medium (ISM). We find that typical dense clouds become fully molecular (H$_2$) when the dust surface area increases by shattering while an increase of dust abundance by dust growth in the ISM is necessary for a significant rise of the CO abundance. Accordingly, the metallicity dependence of the CO-to-H$_2$ conversion factor, $X_\mathrm{CO}$, is predominantly driven by dust growth. We also examine the effect of grain size distribution in the galaxy by changing the dense gas fraction, which controls the balance between coagulation and shattering, clarifying that the difference in the grain size distribution significantly affects $X_\mathrm{CO}$ even if the dust-to-gas ratio is the same. The star formation time-scale, which controls the speed of metal enrichment also affects the metallicity at which the CO abundance rapidly increases (or $X_\mathrm{CO}$ drops). We also propose dust-based formulae for $X_\mathrm{CO}$, which need further tests for establishing their usefulness.
description: 14 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Additional file 1 of Visual acuity is correlated with ischemia and neurodegeneration in patients with early stages of diabetic retinopathy
Creators: name: Li, Jin
name: Zhou, Yue
name: Chen, Feng
name: Li, Yingzi
name: Zhou, Rong
name: Wu, Chaoming
name: Yu, Huankai
name: Lin, Zhiyang
name: Shi, Ce
name: Zheng, Gu
name: Shao, Yilei
name: Chen, Qi
name: Lu, Fan
name: Shen, Meixiao
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Fig. S1. An example of significant artifact (SSI = 35). The yellow arrow shows the location of artifact (a). An example with SSI = 69 (b) was provided for comparison.
Global magnetic cycles in rapidly rotating younger suns
Creators: name: Nelson, Nicholas J.
name: Brown, Benjamin P.
name: Browning, Matthew K.
name: Brun, Allan Sacha
name: Miesch, Mark S.
name: Toomre, Juri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Observations of sun-like stars rotating faster than our current sun tend to exhibit increased magnetic activity as well as magnetic cycles spanning multiple years. Using global simulations in spherical shells to study the coupling of large-scale convection, rotation, and magnetism in a younger sun, we have probed effects of rotation on stellar dynamos and the nature of magnetic cycles. Major 3-D MHD simulations carried out at three times the current solar rotation rate reveal hydromagnetic dynamo action that yields wreaths of strong toroidal magnetic field at low latitudes, often with opposite polarity in the two hemispheres. Our recent simulations have explored behavior in systems with considerably lower diffusivities, achieved with sub-grid scale models including a dynamic Smagorinsky treatment of unresolved turbulence. The lower diffusion promotes the generation of magnetic wreaths that undergo prominent temporal variations in field strength, exhibiting global magnetic cycles that involve polarity reversals. In our least diffusive simulation, we find that magnetic buoyancy coupled with advection by convective giant cells can lead to the rise of coherent loops of magnetic field toward the top of the simulated domain.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, from IAU 273: The Physics of Sun and Star Spots
Exact Solution to the "Auxiliary Extra Dimension" Model of Massive Gravity
Creators: name: Hassan, S. F.
name: Rosen, Rachel A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The "Auxiliary Extra Dimension" model was proposed in order to provide a geometrical interpretation to modifications of general relativity, in particular to non-linear massive gravity. In this context, the theory was shown to be ghost free to third order in perturbations, in the decoupling limit. In this work, we exactly solve the equation of motion in the extra dimension, to obtain a purely 4-dimensional theory. Using this solution, it is shown that the ghost appears at the fourth order and beyond. We explore potential modifications to address the ghost issue and find that their consistent implementation requires going beyond the present framework.
description: v3:8 pages, LaTex, a comment and a reference added, version to appear in PLB