cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Additional file 1 of Influence of trends in hospital volume over time on patient outcomes for high-risk surgery
Creators: name: Payet, Cécile
name: Polazzi, Stéphanie
name: Jean-Christophe Lifante
name: Cotte, Eddy
name: Grinberg, Daniel
name: Carty, Matthew J.
name: Sanchez, Stéphane
name: Rabilloud, Muriel
name: Duclos, Antoine
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Figure E1. Study flowchart. Table E1. Hospital characteristics by procedure and trend in volume of procedures between 2010 and 2014. Figure E2. Reoperation difference and individual hospital learning effect between volume trend groups according to procedures between 2010 and 2014. Figure E3. Unplanned hospital readmission difference and individual hospital learning effect between volume trend groups according to procedures between 2010 and 2014. Table E2. Outcome difference and individual hospital learning effect between hospital groups according to trends in procedures volume from 2010 to 2014.
Regular non-Abelian vacua in ${\cal N}=4$, SO(4) gauged supergravity
Creators: name: Chamseddine, Ali H.
name: Volkov, Mikhail S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a family of globally regular ${\cal N}=1$ vacua in the D=4, ${\cal N}=4$ gauged supergravity of Gates and Zwiebach. These solutions are labeled by the ratio $ξ$ of the two gauge couplings, and for $ξ=0$ they reduce to the supergravity monopole previously used for constructing the gravity dual of ${\cal N}=1$ super Yang-Mills theory. For $ξ>0$ the solutions are asymptotically anti de Sitter, but with an excess of the solid angle, and they reduce exactly to anti de Sitter for $ξ=1$. Solutions with $ξ<0$ are topologically $R^1\times S^3$, and for $ξ=-2$ they become $R^1\times S^3$ geometrically. All solutions with $ξ\neq 0$ can be promoted to D=11 to become vacua of M-theory.
description: 9 pages, 2 fugures
Superconducting Dome in Nd$_{1-x}$Sr$_x$NiO$_2$ Infinite Layer Films
Creators: name: Li, Danfeng
name: Wang, Bai Yang
name: Lee, Kyuho
name: Harvey, Shannon P.
name: Osada, Motoki
name: Goodge, Berit H.
name: Kourkoutis, Lena F.
name: Hwang, Harold Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the phase diagram of Nd$_{1-x}$Sr$_x$NiO$_2$ infinite layer thin films grown on SrTiO$_3$. A superconducting dome spanning $0.125 < x < 0.25$ is found, remarkably similar to cuprates, albeit over a narrower doping window. However, while cuprate superconductivity is bounded by an insulator for underdoping and a metal for overdoping, here we observe weakly insulating behavior on either side of the dome. Furthermore, the normal state Hall coefficient is always small and proximate to a continuous zero crossing in doping and in temperature, in contrast to the $\sim 1/x$ dependence observed for cuprates. This suggests the presence of both electron- and hole-like bands, consistent with band structure calculations.
description: 18 pages (including Supplemental Material), 7 figures (including 4 supplemental figure)
Evaluation of Farmer Training Satisfaction Level in Hubei Province
Creators: name: LI Pingheng
name: YAN LIdong
name: ZHU Xiaorong
name: LI Jing
name: LI Pingheng
name: YAN LIdong
name: ZHU Xiaorong
name: LI Jing
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Farmer training, Evaluation of satisfaction level, Hubei Province

description: Based on fully understanding the significance of farmer training, this paper builds the evaluation index system for farmer training satisfaction level. Then this paper employs the field survey data about Yichang and Jingzhou in Hubei Province to evaluate the farmer training satisfaction level in Hubei Province. Results show that farmers have high level of satisfaction on agricultural training in Hubei Province, and the average satisfaction level reaches 0.8556; there are regional differences in the farmer training satisfaction level in Hubei Province; the index weight is not entirely directly proportional to the training satisfaction level in the evaluation index system. Finally, from training courses, training teachers, training organization and follow-up services, this paper brings forward the recommendations for improving farmer training satisfaction level in Hubei Province, improve farmer training system, further improve the effectiveness of training and promote farmers' quality.
Limnesia (Tetralimnesia)
Creators: name: Gerecke, Reinhard
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Trombidiformes
Limnesiidae
Limnesia

description: Limnesia (Tetralimnesia) sp.
 Material examined. OMAN 96-53. Halban, open well (keyhole shaped, 4× 2 m), diesel pump, water surface at 4 m, water column 12.5 m; UTM 0605256/2607586 (23‡34'31̎N, 58‡01'53̎E), altitude 50 m, 29.2‡C, 2.39 mS cm 21, 28 March 1996, 5””, two of them dissected and mounted in Hoyer’s fluid, three in Euparal.
 Remarks. Various (sub)species have been described in this subgenus from Africa and Asia. In several cases, the significance of characters used for taxonomic separation is unclear, and in absence of the male a classification to species level is impossible.
description: Published as part of Gerecke, Reinhard, 2004, Water mites from spring- and ground-water habitats in the Sultanate of Oman, pp. 2833-2849 in Journal of Natural History 38 (22) on page 2837, DOI: 10.1080/00222930310001647451, http://zenodo.org/record/4675432
Labor parties and labor movements in a post-Fordist political economy : The British, French, and German cases
Creators: name: Daley, Anthony
name: Howell, Chris
name: Silvia, Stephen
Publisher: name: Center for European Studies, Harvard University
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 38
subject: Economics

description: Paper prepared for delivery at the Workshop The Changing Place of Labor in European Society: The End of Labor's Century?, Center for European Studies, Harvard University, November 23-24, 1991.
SZ polarisation as a probe of the intracluster medium
Creators: name: Lavaux, G.
name: Diego, J. M.
name: Mathis, H.
name: Silk, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present high-resolution hydrodynamical simulations of the degree and direction of polarisation imprinted on the CMB by the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect in the the line of sight to massive galaxy clusters. We focus on two contributions which contribute most of the induced CMB polarisation in addition to the intrinsic CMB quadrupole: the radiation quadrupole seen by electrons due to their own velocity in the plane normal to the line of sight, and the radiation quadrupole due to the thermal Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect, which is generated by a previous scattering elsewhere in the cores of the local and nearby clusters. We show that inside the virial radius of a massive cluster, this latter effect, although being second order in the optical depth, can reach the level of the former effect. These two effects can, respectively, constrain the projected tangential velocity and inner density profile of the gas, if they can be separated with multi-frequency observations. As the information on the tangential velocity of the ICM gas is combined with the kinetic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich temperature effect probing the projected radial velocity it will be possible to constrain the dynamics of the ICM. In particular, future polarisation observations may be able to trace out the filamentary structure of the cooler and less dense ionized gas that has not yet been incorporated into massive clusters. We also discuss how the collapse of a cluster should produce a peculiar ring-like polarisation pattern which would open a new window to detect proto-clusters at high redshift.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures. Submitted to MNRAS. High-resolution pictures available at http://www-astro.physics.ox.ac.uk/~gxl/sz_images/. This version of the paper is accepted version by MNRAS on Sep. 7, 2003
The Participation of Specialized Cooperative Members—A Case Study of Basil Cooperative in Pengshui County of Chongqing Municipality
Creators: name: ZHU Liefu
name: FAN Chaohua
name: WANG Baojin
name: YANG Songran
name: ZHU Liefu
name: FAN Chaohua
name: WANG Baojin
name: YANG Songran
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Rural specialized cooperatives, Members' participation, Participation motivation, Participation effect

description: On the basis of analyzing the current development situation of basil cooperative in Pengshui County of Chongqing Municipality, we use the questionnaire survey and case study method to analyze the participation mode, participation motivation and satisfaction of specialized cooperative members. Through the in-depth interviews with farmers, we sum up the existing problems in the cooperative members, specialized cooperatives and external environment, and bring forward the corresponding recommendations.
Additional file 10 of Patient-reported quality indicators to evaluate physiotherapy care for hip and/or knee osteoarthritis- development and evaluation of the QUIPA tool
Creators: name: Pek Ling Teo
name: Hinman, Rana S.
name: Thorlene Egerton
name: Krysia S. Dziedzic
name: Kasza, Jessica
name: Bennell, Kim L.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 10. The Quality Indicators for Physiotherapy Management of Hip and Knee Osteoarthritis (QUIPA).
Machine learning aided carrier recovery in continuous-variable quantum key distribution
Creators: name: Chin, Hou-Man
name: Jain, Nitin
name: Zibar, Darko
name: Andersen, Ulrik L.
name: Gehring, Tobias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The secret key rate of a continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CV-QKD) system is limited by excess noise. A key issue typical to all modern CV-QKD systems implemented with a reference or pilot signal and an independent local oscillator is controlling the excess noise generated from the frequency and phase noise accrued by the transmitter and receiver. Therefore accurate phase estimation and compensation, so-called carrier recovery, is a critical subsystem of CV-QKD. Here, we explore the implementation of a machine learning framework based on Bayesian inference, namely an unscented Kalman filter (UKF), for estimation of phase noise and compare it to a standard reference method. Experimental results obtained over a 20 km fibre-optic link indicate that the UKF can ensure very low excess noise even at low pilot powers. The measurements exhibited low variance and high stability in excess noise over a wide range of pilot signal to noise ratios. This may enable CV-QKD systems with low implementation complexity which can seamlessly work on diverse transmission lines.
description: 7 pages, 10 figures
Labor parties and labor movements in a post-Fordist political economy : The British, French, and German cases
Creators: name: Daley, Anthony
name: Howell, Chris
name: Silvia, Stephen
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Paper prepared for delivery at the Workshop The Changing Place of Labor in European Society: The End of Labor's Century?, Center for European Studies, Harvard University, November 23-24, 1991.
Phase transitions in rotating neutron stars cores: back bending, stability, corequakes and pulsar timing
Creators: name: Zdunik, J. L.
name: Bejger, M.
name: Haensel, P.
name: Gourgoulhon, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The back-bending phenomenon for compact stars is studied by means of analytical equations of state, for both constant-pressure phase transitions and the transitions through the mixed-phase region. We restrict ourselves to the case of normal rotating configurations, with baryon mass below the maximum allowable baryon mass for non-rotating stars. We use high-precision 2-D multi-domain spectral code LORENE to search the parameter space for possible instability regions, and possible changes in the stability character of rotating stars with phase transitions in their cores. Conditions on the density jump in constant-pressure phase transitions, leading to the existence of the unstable segments in the evolutionary sequences of spinning down isolated normal neutron stars, are derived. Conjectures concerning the existence of two disjoint families of non-rotating and rotating stationary configurations of neutron stars are formulated. Particular case of EOSs leading to marginal instability of static and rotating configurations is also studied: marginal instability point in non-rotating configurations continues to exist in all evolutionary spin-down tracks. The fate of rotating stars entering the region of instability is discussed. The change in radius, energy release, and spin-up associated with the corequake in rotating neutron star, triggered by the instability, are calculated. The energy release is found to be very weakly dependent on the angular momentum of collapsing star.
description: 13 pages, 15 figures, accepted by A&A
Path dependent economics : explaining differences in German and US reactions to financial crisis
Creators: name: Silvia, Stephen
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Among the many striking developments that arose out of the 2008-2009 financial crisis and the subsequent euro crisis has been the policy divergence between the United States and Germany. Typically, the two countries have broadly similar preferences regarding economic policy. To be sure, this is not the first time that Germany and the US have failed to see eye to eye on economic matters,1 but the recent gap in perception and policy does warrant attention because it has been unusually large. Unlike the famous quarrels between Jimmy Carter and Helmut Schmidt in the 1970s,2 personality does not seem to play a role in this case. What then does explain the gulf? This contribution argues that variance in perception among policy elites and professional economists in the two countries is principally a product of different constructed understandings of the lessons of the economic crises of the 1920s and 1930s. Dissimilar understandings account for much of the discrepancy in the two countries’ broader policy prescriptions for the 2008-2009 financial crisis and the subsequent euro crisis. Structural differences between the two economies also play a role, but at a lower level. They help account for divergences in broadly similar policies adopted, most notably, stimulus packages.
Scalable radiative thermal logic gates based on nanoparticle networks
Creators: name: Kathmann, Christoph
name: Reina, Marta
name: Messina, Riccardo
name: Ben-Abdallah, Philippe
name: Biehs, Svend-Age
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the design of the thermal analog of logic gates in systems made of a collection of nanoparticles. We demonstrate the possibility to perform NOT, OR, NOR, AND and NAND logical operations at submicrometric scale by controlling the near-field radiative heat exchanges between their components. We also address the important point of the role played by the inherent non-additivity of radiative heat transfer in the combination of logic gates. These results pave the way to the development of compact thermal circuits for information processing and thermal management, which might also be realized with quantum dots.
Tachyon inflation: tests and comparison with single scalar field inflation
Creators: name: Steer, D. A.
name: Vernizzi, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compare the standard single scalar field inflationary predictions with those of an inflationary phase driven by a tachyon field. A slow-roll formalism is defined for tachyon inflation, and we derive the spectra of scalar and tensor perturbations as well as the consistency relations. At lowest order the predictions of standard and tachyon inflation are shown to be the same. Higher order deviations are present and their observational relevance is discussed. We then study some typical inflationary tachyon potentials, discuss their observational consequences and compare them with recent data. All the models predict a negative and very small running of the scalar spectral index, and they consistently lie within the 1σcontour of the data set. However, the regime of blue scalar spectral index and large gravity waves cannot be explored by these models. Finally, a new exact solution of the unperturbed and perturbed coupled gravity and tachyon equations is also presented.
description: 29 pages, 5 figures. Version to appear in PRD
Path dependent economics : explaining differences in German and US reactions to financial crisis
Creators: name: Silvia, Stephen
Publisher: name: American University (Washington, D.C.)
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 38
subject: Economics

description: Among the many striking developments that arose out of the 2008-2009 financial crisis and the subsequent euro crisis has been the policy divergence between the United States and Germany. Typically, the two countries have broadly similar preferences regarding economic policy. To be sure, this is not the first time that Germany and the US have failed to see eye to eye on economic matters,1 but the recent gap in perception and policy does warrant attention because it has been unusually large. Unlike the famous quarrels between Jimmy Carter and Helmut Schmidt in the 1970s,2 personality does not seem to play a role in this case. What then does explain the gulf? This contribution argues that variance in perception among policy elites and professional economists in the two countries is principally a product of different constructed understandings of the lessons of the economic crises of the 1920s and 1930s. Dissimilar understandings account for much of the discrepancy in the two countries’ broader policy prescriptions for the 2008-2009 financial crisis and the subsequent euro crisis. Structural differences between the two economies also play a role, but at a lower level. They help account for divergences in broadly similar policies adopted, most notably, stimulus packages.
Secure quantum channels with correlated twin laser beams
Creators: name: Usenko, Constantin V.
name: Usenko, Vladyslav C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This work is the development and analysis of the recently proposed quantum cryptographic protocol, based on the use of the two-mode coherently correlated states. The protocol is supplied with the cryptographic control procedures. The quantum noise influence on the channel error properties is examined. State detection features are proposed.
Additional file 1 of Dental professionals’ experiences of managing children with carious lesions in their primary teeth – a qualitative study within the FiCTION randomised controlled trial
Creators: name: Marshman, Zoe
name: Kettle, Jennifer E.
name: Holmes, Richard D.
name: Cunningham, Kathryn B.
name: Freeman, Ruth
name: Gibson, Barry J.
name: McColl, Elaine
name: Maguire, Anne
name: Douglas, Gail V. A.
name: Clarkson, Janet E.
name: Innes, Nicola P. T.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Interview and Focus Group Topic Guide.
Mid-Rapidity Neutral Pion Production in Proton-Proto Collisions at sqrt(s_NN) = 200 GeV
Creators: name: PHENIX Collaboration
name: Adler, S. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The invariant differential cross section for inclusive neutral pion production in p+p collisions at sqrt(s_NN) = 200 GeV has been measured at mid-rapidity |eta| < 0.35 over the range 1 < p_T
description: 326 authors, 6 pages text, RevTeX, 2 figures, 2 tables. Submitted to PRL. v2 has updated references and minor format changes to reduce length. Plain text data tables for the points plotted in figures for this and previous PHENIX publications are (or will be) publicly available at http://www.phenix.bnl.gov/papers.html
Quantum Many-Body Scar States in Two-Dimensional Rydberg Atom Arrays
Creators: name: Lin, Cheng-Ju
name: Calvera, Vladimir
name: Hsieh, Timothy H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We find exponentially many exact quantum many-body scar states in a two-dimensional PXP model -- an effective model for a two-dimensional Rydberg atom array in the nearest-neighbor blockade regime. Such scar states are remarkably simple valence bond solids despite being at effectively infinite temperature, and thus strongly violate the eigenstate thermalization hypothesis. Given a particular boundary condition, such eigenstates have integer-valued energies. Moreover, certain charge-density-wave initial states give rise to strong oscillations in the Rydberg excitation density after a quantum quench and tower-like structures in their overlaps with eigenstates.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
Hygrobates soari K. Viets 1911
Creators: name: Gerecke, Reinhard
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Trombidiformes
Hygrobatidae
Hygrobates
Hygrobates soari

description: Hygrobates soari K. Viets, 1911
 Material examined. OMAN 96-68. Wadi Al Fara, Rustaq, B. -Rh. pump in gravel, probe at 60 cm; UTM 0545970/2595453 (23‡28'06̎N, 57‡27'00̎E), 28.0‡C, 1.134 mS cm 21, 1 April 1996, 1”.
 Remarks. This species was thoroughly revised by K. O. Viets (1981). It was previously known from all parts of Africa south of the Sahara and from the Comores. This is the first record from the Arabian peninsula.
description: Published as part of Gerecke, Reinhard, 2004, Water mites from spring- and ground-water habitats in the Sultanate of Oman, pp. 2833-2849 in Journal of Natural History 38 (22) on page 2837, DOI: 10.1080/00222930310001647451, http://zenodo.org/record/4675432
Fully Anharmonic, Non-Perturbative Theory of Vibronically Renormalized Electronic Band Structures
Creators: name: Zacharias, Marios
name: Scheffler, Matthias
name: Carbogno, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a first-principles approach for the treatment of vibronic interactions in solids that overcomes the main limitations of state-of-the-art electron-phonon coupling formalisms. In particular, anharmonic effects in the nuclear dynamics are accounted to all orders via ab initio molecular dynamics simulations. This non-perturbative, self-consistent approach evaluates the response of the wave functions along the computed anharmonic trajectory; thus it fully considers the coupling between nuclear and electronic degrees of freedom. We validate and demonstrate the merits of the concept by calculating temperature-dependent, momentum-resolved spectral functions for silicon and the cubic perovskite SrTiO3, a strongly anharmonic material featuring soft modes. In the latter case, our approach reveals that anharmonicity and higher-order vibronic couplings contribute substantially to the electronic-structure at finite-temperatures, noticeably affecting band gaps and effective masses, and hence macroscopic properties such as transport coefficients.
Academic ethics of mental health: the national black postdocs framework for the addressment of support for undergraduate and graduate trainees
Creators: name: Tamir, Tigist
name: Heyward, Frankie D.
name: Hardeman, Keisha N.
name: Hayes, Cellas A.
name: Berrios-Negron, Almarely L.
Publisher: name: Springer Nature
Year: 2024

description:
The past two decades have resulted in a greater appreciation of how lifestyle changes impact minority mental and biological health. In the last 5 years, awareness of mental health issues among minorities in academia has been highlighted due to the political and national climate surrounding racial injustices. However, the periodic attention directed towards mental health problems in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) trainees lack sustainability, often centering around tragic losses within the scientific community. To effectively tackle these challenges, it is crucial to develop proactive solutions rather than relying solely on reactive measures.
Geometrical Mechanics on algebroids
Creators: name: Grabowska, K.
name: Grabowski, J.
name: Urbański, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 70G45; 70H03; 53C99; 53D17

description: A natural geometric framework is proposed, based on ideas of W. M. Tulczyjew, for constructions of dynamics on general algebroids. One obtains formalisms similar to the Lagrangian and the Hamiltonian ones. In contrast with recently studied concepts of Analytical Mechanics on Lie algebroids, this approach requires much less than the presence of a Lie algebroid structure on a vector bundle, but it still reproduces the main features of the Analytical Mechanics, like the Euler-Lagrange-type equations, the correspondence between the Lagrangian and Hamiltonian functions (Legendre transform) in the hyperregular cases, and a version of the Noether Theorem. Besides, the constructions seem to be more natural and simpler.
description: 13 pages, minor changes, the version to appear in Int. J. Geom. Meth. Mod. Phys
Stochastic model of T Cell repolarization during target elimination (I)
Creators: name: Hornak, Ivan
name: Rieger, Heiko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Subcellular Processes (q-bio.SC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (T) and natural killer (NK) cells are the main cytotoxic killer cells of the human body to eliminate pathogen-infected or tumorigenic cells (i.e. target cells). Once a NK or T cell has identified a target cell, they form a tight contact zone, the immunological synapse (IS). One then observes repolarization of the cell involving the rotation of the microtubule (MT) cytoskeleton and a movement of the microtubule organizing center (MTOC) to a position that is just underneath the plasma membrane at the IS. Concomitantly a massive relocation of organelles attached to MTs is observed, including the Golgi apparatus, lytic granules and mitochondria. Since the mechanism of this relocation is still elusive we devise a theoretical model for the molecular motor driven motion of the MT cytoskeleton confined between membrane and nucleus. We analyze scenarios currently discussed in the literature, the cortical sliding and the capture-shrinkage mechanisms, and compare quantitative predictions about the spatio-temporal evolution of MTOC position and MT cytoskeleton morphology with experiments. The model predicts the experimentally observed biphasic nature of the process due to an interplay between MT cytoskeleton geometry and motor forces and confirms the dominance of the capture-shrinkage over the cortical sliding mechanism when MTOC and IS are initially diametrically opposed. We also find that the two mechanisms act synergistically, reducing the resources necessary for repositioning. The localization of dyneins in the pSMAC facilitates their interaction with the MTs. Our model also opens a way to infer details of the dynein distribution from the experimentally observed features of the MT cytoskeleton dynamics. In a subsequent publication, we will address the issue of general initial configurations and situations in which the T cell established two immunological synapses.
description: Suplemental videos can be found at http://www.uni-saarland.de/fak7/rieger/homepage/research/biological_physics/research_publications/T_Cell_modelling.html
Dynamics of Rydberg excitations and quantum correlations in an atomic array coupled to a photonic crystal waveguide
Creators: name: Chougale, Yashwant
name: Talukdar, Jugal
name: Ramos, Tomás
name: Nath, Rejish
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the dynamics of up to two Rydberg excitations and the correlation growth in a chain of atoms coupled to a photonic crystal waveguide. In this setup, an excitation can hop from one atom to another via exponentially decaying exchange interactions mediated by the waveguide. An initially localized excitation undergoes a continuous-time quantum walk for short-range hopping, and for long-range, it experiences quasi-localization. Besides that, the inverse participation ratio reveals a super-ballistic diffusion of the excitation in short times, whereas, at a long time, it becomes ballistic. For two initially localized excitations, intriguing, and complex dynamical scenarios emerge for different initial separations due to the competition between the Rydberg-Rydberg and exchange interactions. In particular, the two-point correlation reveals a light-cone behavior even for sufficiently long-range exchange interactions. Additionally, we characterize the growth of bipartite entanglement entropy, which exhibits a global bound if only one excitation is present in the dynamics. Finally, we analyze the effect of imperfections due to spontaneous emission from the Rydberg state into photons outside the waveguide and show that all physical phenomena we predict are well within experimental reach.
description: 15 pages, 16 figures
Schwinger's picture of Quantum Mechanics
Creators: name: Ciaglia, Florio M.
name: Di Cosmo, Fabio
name: Ibort, Alberto
name: Marmo, Giuseppe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we will present tha main features of what can be called Schwinger's foundational approach to Quantum Mechanics. The basic ingredients of this formulation are the \textit{selective measurements}, whose algebraic composition rules define a mathematical structure called groupoid, which is associated with any physical system. After the introduction of the basic axioms of a groupoid, the concepts of observables and states, statistical interpretation and evolution are derived. An example is finally introduced to support the theoretical description of this approach.
description: 14 pages, Proceedings PAFT 2019
Cosmological Issues for Revised Canonical Quantum Gravity
Creators: name: Montani, Giovanni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a recent work we presented a reformulation of the canonical quantum gravity, based on adding the so-called kinematical term to the gravity-matter action; this revised approach leads to a self-consistent canonical quantization of the 3-geometries, referred to the external time as provided via the added term. Here, we show how the kinematical term can be interpreted in terms of a non relativistic dust fluid which plies the role of a ``real clock' for the quantum gravity theory, and, in the WKB limit of a cosmological problem, makes account for a dark matter component which, at present time, could play a dynamical role.
description: to appear to Int. Journ. of Mod. Phys. D
Additional file 1 of Investigation of the impact of the NICE guidelines regarding antibiotic prophylaxis during invasive dental procedures on the incidence of infective endocarditis in England: an electronic health records study
Creators: name: Quan, T. Phuong
name: Muller-Pebody, Berit
name: Fawcett, Nicola
name: Young, Bernadette C.
name: Minaji, Mehdi
name: Sandoe, Jonathan
name: Hopkins, Susan
name: Crook, Derrick
name: Peto, Timothy
name: Johnson, Alan P.
name: A. Sarah Walker
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Supplementary tables. All supplementary tables to accompany the manuscript. Table S1. Diagnosis (ICD-10) and procedure (OPCS-4) codes identifying high-risk individuals with pre-existing prosthetic valve or congenital heart disease. Table S2. Secondary ICD-10 codes for potential causal organisms. Table S3. Classification of SGSS organisms into subgroups. Table S4. Results of an interrupted time-series analysis testing for a difference in trend before and after a fixed date, for each month in the study period using Poisson regression, for Criteria A. (PDF 753 kb)
Investigation of electroproduction of $ϕ$ mesons off protons
Creators: name: Kim, Sang-Ho
name: Nam, Seung-il
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate $ϕ$-meson electroproduction off the proton target, i.e., $γ^* p \to ϕp$, by employing a tree-level effective Lagrangian approach in the kinematical ranges of $Q^2$ = (0$-$4) $\mathrm{GeV}^2$, $W$ = (2$-$5) GeV, and $|t| \leq 2\,\mathrm{GeV}^2$. In addition to the universally accepted Pomeron exchange, we consider various meson exchanges in the $t$ channel with the Regge method. Direct $ϕ$-meson radiations in the $s$- and $u$-channels are also taken into account. We find that the $Q^2$ dependence of the transverse ($σ_{\mathrm{T}}$) and longitudinal ($σ_{\mathrm{L}}$) cross sections are governed by Pomeron and $(a_0,f_0)$ scalar meson exchanges, respectively. Meanwhile, the contributions of $(π,η)$ pseudoscalar- and $f_1(1285)$ axial-vector-meson exchanges are much more suppressed. The results of the interference cross sections ($σ_{\mathrm{LT}}, σ_{\mathrm{LT}}$) and the spin-density matrix elements indicate that $s$-channel helicity conservation holds at $Q^2$ = (1$-$4) $\mathrm{GeV}^2$. The result of the parity asymmetry yield $P \simeq 0.95$ at $W$ = 2.5 GeV, meaning that natural-parity exchange dominates the reaction process. Our numerical results are in fair agreement with the experimental data and thus the use of our effective Reggeized model is justified over the considered kinematical ranges of $Q^2$, $W$, and $t$.
description: 16 pages, 10 figures
Everybody and nobody : visions of individualism and collectivity in the age of AI
Creators: name: Sinnreich, Aram
name: Lingel, Jessa
name: Lichfield, Gideon
name: Rottinghaus, Adam R.
name: Avi Brooks, Lonny J.
Publisher: name: International Journal of Communication
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 47
subject: Language, communication and culture

description: Published in: International Journal of Communication 10(2016), Forum 5669–5683.
Fast Food- the early years: Geography and the growth of a chain-store in the UK
Creators: name: Sault, Joanne
name: Toivanen, Otto
name: Waterson, Michael
name: Sault, Joanne
name: Toivanen, Otto
name: Waterson, Michael
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Industrial Organization
subject: Fast food
subject: Diffusion
subject: Regional economic activity
subject: Entry

description: We examine the development of UK outlets of a major fast food chain, from inauguration in 1974 until 1990, after which industry structure changed somewhat. The chain effectively introduced the counter-service burger concept. Locational spread across local authority district markets is explained by the characteristics of the areas where the outlets are sited. Of special interest is the effect of scale economies, measured by outlet numbers in neighboring districts. Both first and second entry are examined. We find that the hazard of first entry is positively influenced by market size and population density and negatively by distance from company headquarters.
Orbitally-driven insulator-metal transition in CuIr$_2$S$_4$: Temperature dependent transient reflectivity study
Creators: name: Naseska, M.
name: Sutar, P.
name: Vengust, D.
name: Tsuchiya, S.
name: Čeh, M.
name: Mihailovic, D.
name: Mertelj, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ultrafast transient reflectivity across the unusual three-dimensional Peierls-like insulator-metal (IM) transition in CuIr_{2}S_{4} was measured as a function of temperature. The low-temperature insulating-phase transient response is dominated by broken-symmetry-induced coherent lattice oscillations that abruptly vanish at the IM transition. The coherent mode spectra are consistent with Raman spectra reported in literature. The origin of the broken-symmetry-induced is also briefly discussed.
Everybody and nobody : visions of individualism and collectivity in the age of AI
Creators: name: Sinnreich, Aram
name: Lingel, Jessa
name: Lichfield, Gideon
name: Rottinghaus, Adam R.
name: Avi Brooks, Lonny J.
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Published in: International Journal of Communication 10(2016), Forum 5669–5683.
Afro-futuretyping generation starships and new earths 05015 C.E.
Creators: name: Avi Brooks, Lonny J.
name: Sutko, Daniel
name: Sinnreich, Aram
name: Wallace, Ryan
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Published in: International Journal of Communication 10(2016), Forum 5749–5762.
Convergence at the origin of integrated semigroups
Creators: name: Cachia, Vincent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 47D62; 47D03

description: We study a classification of the kappa-times integrated semigroups (for kappa>0) by the (uniform) rate of convergence at the origin: $\|S(t)\|=O(t^α)$, $0\leqα\leqκ$. By an improved generation theorem we characterize this behaviour by Hille-Yosida type estimates. Then we consider integrated semigroups with holomorphic extension and characterize the convergence at the origin, as well as the existence of boundary values, by estimates of the associated holomorphic semigroup. Different examples illustrate these results. The particular case $α=κ$, which corresponds to the notions of Riesz means or tempered integrated semigroups, is of special interest : as an application, it leads to an integrated version of Euler's exponential formula.
description: 14 pages
title: Funkcjonalność szpitala i ergonomia pracy personelu w obliczu starzenia
Creators: name: Szuba, Paulina
Publisher: name: Publishing House of Poznan University of Technology
Year: 2020

description: Zeszyty Naukowe Politechniki Poznańskiej. Architektura, Urbanistyka, Architektura wnętrz, 1, 157-167
The AMUSING++ Nearby Galaxy Compilation: I. Full Sample Characterization and Galactic--Scale Outflows Selection
Creators: name: López-Cobá, Carlos
name: Sánchez, Sebastián F.
name: Anderson, Joseph P.
name: Cruz-González, Irene
name: Galbany, Lluís
name: Ruiz-Lara, Tomás
name: Barrera-Ballesteros, Jorge K.
name: Prieto, José L.
name: Kuncarayakti, Hanindyo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present here AMUSING\textrm{++}; the largest compilation of nearby galaxies observed with the MUSE integral field spectrograph so far. This collection consists of 635 galaxies from different MUSE projects covering the redshift interval $0.0002
description: 49 pages, 20 figures, accepted for publishing in AJ
Afro-futuretyping generation starships and new earths 05015 C.E.
Creators: name: Avi Brooks, Lonny J.
name: Sutko, Daniel
name: Sinnreich, Aram
name: Wallace, Ryan
Publisher: name: International Journal of Communication
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 47
subject: Language, communication and culture

description: Published in: International Journal of Communication 10(2016), Forum 5749–5762.
CONSUMPTION PATTERNS OVER PAY PERIODS
Creators: name: Kelley, Clare
name: Lanot, Gauthier
name: Kelley, Clare
name: Lanot, Gauthier
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Consumption
subject: liquidity constraints
subject: uncertainty
subject: credit cards

description: This paper establishes a theoretical framework to characterise the optimal behaviour of individuals who receive income periodically but make consumption decisions on a more frequent basis. The model incorporates price uncertainty and imperfect credit markets. The simulated numerical solution to this model shows that weekly consumption functions are ordered such that the functions within the payment period are highest in the first and the last week of the payment cycle for all wealth levels. Using weekly expenditure data from the FES, we estimate the coefficient of relative risk aversion (point estimates are between 1.2 and 7) and the extent of measurement error in the data (which accounts for approximately 60% of the variance in the data).
Additional file 2 of Investigation of the impact of the NICE guidelines regarding antibiotic prophylaxis during invasive dental procedures on the incidence of infective endocarditis in England: an electronic health records study
Creators: name: Quan, T. Phuong
name: Muller-Pebody, Berit
name: Fawcett, Nicola
name: Young, Bernadette C.
name: Minaji, Mehdi
name: Sandoe, Jonathan
name: Hopkins, Susan
name: Crook, Derrick
name: Peto, Timothy
name: Johnson, Alan P.
name: A. Sarah Walker
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Supplementary figures. All supplementary figures to accompany the manuscript. Figure S1. Effect of applying different methods to adjust for changes in population, for all 3 criteria. Figure S2. Monthly cases of infective endocarditis excluding individuals identified as high-risk or as illicit drug users. Figure S3. Causative organism based on secondary diagnosis codes in HES, for all 3 criteria. Figure S4. Of infective endocarditis cases with an organism code present in HES, proportion that were coded as streptococcal, staphylococcal, or other/unnamed (including mixtures), for all 3 criteria. Figure S5. Of infective endocarditis cases with an organism code present in HES, proportion that were coded exclusively as streptococcal, staphylococcal or other/unnamed, or else with a mixture of codes, for all 3 criteria. Figure S6. Causative organism based on SGSS: monthly agreement of SGSS organism compared to HES organism code, based on 3 groups: streptococcal, staphylococcal, other/unnamed, for all 3 criteria. Figure S7. Of all infective endocarditis cases that were matched to an organism in SGSS, proportion that were classed as oral streptococci, for all 3 criteria. Figure S8. Infective endocarditis cases that were matched to an organism in SGSS. The HACEK group consists of Haemophilus species, Aggregatibacter (previously Actinobacillus), Cardiobacterium, Eikenella, Kingella. CONS – Coagulase negative staphylococci. (PDF 231 kb)
Perturbative calculation of one-point functions of one-dimensional single-species reaction-diffusion systems
Creators: name: Khorrami, Mohammad
name: Aghamohammadi, Amir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Perturbations around autonomous one-dimensional single-species reaction-diffusion systems are investigated. It is shown that the parameter space corresponding to the autonomous systems is divided into two parts: In one part, the system is stable against the perturbations, in the sense that largest relaxation time of the one-point functions changes continuously with perturbations. In the other part, however, the system is unstable against perturbations, so that any small perturbation drastically modifies the large-time behavior of the one-point functions.
description: 13 pages, 1 figure, LaTeX2e
Music, copyright, and technology : A dialetic in five moments
Creators: name: Sinnreich, Aram
Publisher: name: International Journal of Communication
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 47
subject: Language, communication and culture

description: This article traces the coevolution of musical culture, law, and technology over the arc of modern Western legal and cultural history, from the Renaissance to the present day. This historical analysis is intended to lend context and substance to contemporary conversations about the role of the Internet and digital production platforms, as well as Internet-based intellectual property laws, such as the Digital Millennium Copyright Act, in shaping contemporary global musical culture. I propose a 5-stage coevolutionary process, based on the dialectical relationships between (1) laws and regulations, (2) market dynamics, (3) codes and practices, (4) music technologies, and (5) concepts of authorship.
Master equation for the finite state space planning problem
Creators: name: Bertucci, Charles
name: Lasry, Jean-Michel
name: Lions, Pierre-Louis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We present results of existence, regularity and uniqueness of solutions of the master equation associated with the mean field planning problem in the finite state space case, in the presence of a common noise. The results hold under monotonicity assumptions, which are used crucially in the different proofs of the paper. We also make a link with the trajectories induced by the solution of the master equation and start a discussion on the case of boundary conditions.