cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Products of Rectangular Random Matrices: Singular Values and Progressive Scattering
Creators: name: Akemann, Gernot
name: Ipsen, Jesper R.
name: Kieburg, Mario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the product of $M$ rectangular random matrices with independent Gaussian entries, which have several applications including wireless telecommunication and econophysics. For complex matrices an explicit expression for the joint probability density function is obtained using the Harish-Chandra--Itzykson--Zuber integration formula. Explicit expressions for all correlation functions and moments for finite matrix sizes are obtained using a two-matrix model and the method of bi-orthogonal polynomials. This generalises the classical result for the so-called Wishart--Laguerre Gaussian unitary ensemble (or chiral unitary ensemble) at M=1, and previous results for the product of square matrices. The correlation functions are given by a determinantal point process, where the kernel can be expressed in terms of Meijer $G$-functions. We compare the results with numerical simulations and known results for the macroscopic level density in the limit of large matrices. The location of the endpoints of support for the latter are analysed in detail for general $M$. Finally, we consider the so-called ergodic mutual information, which gives an upper bound for the spectral efficiency of a MIMO communication channel with multi-fold scattering.
description: 14 pages, 5 figures, PACS: 02.10.Yn, 02.30.Cj, 02.30.Ik, 02.50.Sk, 84.40.Ba, 84.40.Ua
Hope and Household Poverty in Tanzania: Does Intergenerational Transmission of Hope Matter?
Creators: Begom, Tamanna
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2023

Development economists increasingly recognize the significance of hope in poverty alleviation efforts. However, there is still a paucity of research examining the relationship between hope and household poverty, and in particular, the role of hope that is transmitted across generations. This study aims to address these knowledge gaps by investigating the relationship between hope and household poverty status by analyzing primary data from 2,816 rural households in Tanzania. The study encompasses two main objectives. Firstly, it seeks to identify the causal effect of hope levels on the poverty status of households. Using an instrumental variable regression model, the study reveals that a household’s higher level of hope significantly reduces the likelihood of a household being in poverty. Secondly, the study examines the transmission of hope across generations and its subsequent effect on household poverty. To address this objective, a nonparametric regression model is utilized to construct a mean hope curve for children, predicted based on their parents' hope levels. The findings show that the predicted hope level of a child increases as the parent's hope level rises within the household, although with significant nonlinearities in the transmission process. Relating the predicted hope level of the child to household poverty status, the study discovers that overall, a higher level of transmitted hope from parents to their children significantly reduces the likelihood of a household being in poverty. We conclude that hope matters for poverty, particularly when it is endogenously created within households by parents and transmitted to children may inoculate households against poverty to a significant extent. Overall, this research highlights the importance of enhancing individuals' hope levels as a means to alleviate poverty and provides valuable insights for policymakers and practitioners in this field.
title: Langer Atem - keine Geduld mehr. Der Kampf um die Arbeitsbedingungen in den Krankenhäusern als politischer Tarifkonflikt
Creators: name: Kunkel, Kalle
Publisher: name: Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU)
Year: 2024

description: Das Thema der vorliegenden Arbeit ist das Wechselverhältnis von politischen Rahmenbedingungen und Tarifauseinandersetzungen in den Krankenhäusern. Dieses Wechselverhältnis wird anhand der Auseinandersetzungen um Entlastungstarifverträge (TV-E) in den Krankenhäusern in der Zeit von 2015 bis 2022 in den Blick genommen. Dabei wird einerseits untersucht, wie die sich wandelnden politischen Rahmenbedingungen die Tarifauseinandersetzung prägten. Andererseits werden die Strategien der Gewerkschaft ver.di betrachtet. Hierbei wird danach gefragt, wie durch die Tarifauseinandersetzungen, bzw. Streik und in ihrem Rahmen Einfluss auf die politischen Rahmenbedingungen genommen wurde. Um erfolgreich Entlastungstarifverträge durchsetzen zu können, musste die Gewerkschaft ver.di – so die Kernthese dieser Arbeit – eine strategische Antwort auf eine neoliberale Regierungsweise im Krankenhaussektor entwickeln. Somit fragt die Arbeit auch nach der Strategiefähigkeit der Gewerkschaften im Rahmen neoliberaler Politik. Der Fokus der Untersuchung liegt auf den TV-E-Auseinandersetzungen an den Universitätskliniken Berlin (Charité), Essen und Düsseldorf, sowie dem landeseigenen Krankenhauskonzern Vivantes in Berlin. Die Arbeit besteht aus zwei Teilen. Im ersten Teil werden die Kontextbedingungen für die untersuchten Tarifauseinandersetzungen rekonstruiert. Im zweiten Teil werden die Tarifauseinandersetzungen im Rahmen von empirischen Untersuchungen zu sechs Themenblöcken vergleichend untersucht. In der empirischen Untersuchung wird herausgearbeitet, vor welche Herausforderungen die Gewerkschaft ver.di durch die im ersten Teil herausgearbeiteten neoliberalen Regierungsweisen in den Krankenhäusern gestellt wurde.
Finite time interaction quench in a Luttinger model
Creators: name: Sachdeva, Rashi
name: Nag, Tanay
name: Agarwal, Amit
name: Dutta, Amit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the dynamics of a Luttinger model following a quench in the electron-electron interaction strength, where the change in the interaction strength occurs over a finite time scale $τ$. We study the Loschmidt echo (the overlap between the initial and final state) as a function of time, both numerically and within a perturbation scheme, treating the change in the interaction as a small parameter, for all $τ$. We derive the corrections appearing in, a.) the Loschmidt echo for a finite quench duration $τ$, b.) the scaling of the echo following a sudden ($τ\to 0$) quench, and c.) the scaling of the echo after an adiabatic ($τ\to \infty$) quench. We study in detail, the limiting cases of the echo in the early time and infinite time limit, and provide scaling arguments to understand these in a general context. We also show that our perturbative results are in good agreement with the exact numerical ones.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures; updated version; to appear in Phys. Rev. B
Mining and Climate Change Vulnerability: A Case Study of the Tłı̨chǫ
Creators: Schmaus, Lucas
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2023

Indigenous self-determination in the Canadian North has and continues to be limited by the extractive and disempowering political economy of the mining industry. This thesis reports a community-based participatory research study which evaluates the perceptions of a sample of residents a group of northern Indigenous communities to the combined impacts of extractive resource development and climate change through individual semi-structured interviews with mine workers, Elders, and local government officials. The Tłı̨chǫ, Dene peoples residing in the Northwest Territories have built capacities, but self-determination continues to be challenged by historical and ongoing colonialism, including the unequal recognition of Indigenous rights, the social and environmental impacts of industrial development and most recently, the impacts of climate change. Taking a political economy focussed approach to vulnerability, this research finds that for the Tłı̨chǫ, self-determination continues to be limited by the impacts of industrial development, which structurally limits the political and financial capacities of Tłı̨chǫ people and thereby increases the pressures of assimilation and cultural erasure. Critically, industrial development remains fundamentally colonial as it demands ongoing access to Indigenous lands and resources. Ongoing colonialism and socioeconomic marginalization in turn exacerbates vulnerability to climate change. Yet, despite the paternalistic relationship between the state of Canada and the Tłı̨chǫ, they have revitalized their culture and made strides towards self-determination. Despite lacking many of the traditional capacities associated with climate resilience, the Tłı̨chǫ have unique strengths that may facilitate adaptivity.
The Effect of Mandibular Advancement Devices on Sympathetic Nerve Activity and Markers of Cardiovascular Health in Obstructive Sleep Apnea Patients: A Feasibility Trial
Creators: King, Emily
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2023

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether mandibular advancement device (MAD) therapy improves sympathetic nerve activity (SNA) in mild to moderate adult OSA patients, or in those with severe OSA who cannot tolerate CPAP. Secondarily, we will investigate whether MAD therapy improves vascular health and indirect markers of SNA (heart rate variability and concentrations of noradrenaline in the blood).HYPOTHESIS: There will be a significant reduction in SNA and improvement in blood vessel health in mild to moderate OSA patients who are compliant with and respond to MAD therapy.DESIGN: This feasibility trial is a prospective case series examining subjects at baseline, three months and again at six months after a MAD intervention. Participants were referred by dental providers who are certified to provide MAD therapy. The following outcomes were recorded at each time point: muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA), heart rate, blood pressure, flow-mediated dilation (FMD; a marker of vascular health), blood noradrenaline, apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) and oxygen desaturation index (ODI) via a take-home sleep study, and MAD compliance via a scorecard for self-reported nighttime wear.METHODOLOGY: The participants were seated in a chair reclined at 45 degrees. Blood was drawn to measure the concentration of noradrenaline in the blood as an indirect measure of SNA. Next, participants were instrumented with an ECG, finometer, and blood pressure cuff. Next, a trained technician recorded multi-unit postganglionic MSNA via microneurography, which involves the insertion of a sterile tungsten recording microelectrode into a muscle nerve fascicle of a sympathetic nerve bundle in the peroneal nerve. MSNA was obtained through manipulation of the microelectrode until a characteristic nerve recording pattern was observed. Following instrumentation, the participant rested quietly for 10 minutes while MSNA, beat-by-beat blood pressure and heart rate data were recorded for 10 minutes. After 10 minutes, a standardized test, known as flow-mediated dilation (FMD) began to assess endothelial function as a marker of vascular health. Participants were sent home with a take-home sleep study to measure AHI and ODI for the categorization of patients according to MAD response for data analysis. Participants also kept a scorecard of the number of hours the MAD was worn per night for each 3-month interval between time points.CONCLUSION: Descriptive statistics are presented (n=4), and suggestions to enhance future trial feasibility are discussed.
Additional file 1 of Detection of germline variants with pathogenic potential in 48 patients with familial colorectal cancer by using whole exome sequencing
Creators: name: Singh, Ashish Kumar
name: Talseth-Palmer, Bente
name: Xavier, Alexandre
name: Scott, Rodney J.
name: Drabløs, Finn
name: Sjursen, Wenche
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1. Benchmarking study comparing the performance of 45 different pathogenicity prediction tools.
Charge Distribution about an Ionizing Electron Track in Liquid Helium
Creators: name: Seidel, G. M.
name: Ito, T. M.
name: Ghosh, A.
name: Sethumadhavan, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dependence on an applied electric field of the ionization current produced by an energetic electron stopped in liquid helium can be used to determine the spatial distribution of secondary electrons with respect to their geminate partners. An analytic expression relating the current and distribution is derived. The distribution is found to be non-Gaussian with a long tail at larger distances.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. C
In-Situ Energy Performance Analysis of A Hybrid-Fuel Heating System in A Net-Zero Ready Duplex
Creators: Qu, Wanrui
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2023

The growing global population and increase in energy usage have led to a rise in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The residential sector in Canada accounts for 17% of total secondary energy consumption and 14% of GHG emissions. To reduce energy consumption, operational costs, and GHG emissions, there is a need to promote the use of renewable energy and energy-efficient heating systems. One potential solution is a hybrid-fuel space and domestic hot water heating system that combines a conventional air-source heat pump (ASHP) with a natural-gas tankless water heater (TWH). This system can operate alternately between the ASHP and the TWH or use both based on system efficiency and time-sensitive energy cost, offering benefits such as a reduction in peak electric power demand on the grid and improved resilience during power outages. While laboratory experiments in existing literature have shown the advantages of this system, there is a lack of in-situ performance evaluations. Moreover, software tools for energy performance of buildings and their systems such as HOT2000 rely on default software values, such as system operation schedule. As a result, the prediction may not reflect in-situ performance and has not been reported in literature. This study presents an analysis of the in-situ energy performance of a duplex and their hybrid-energy heating systems, covering building energy consumption assessment, system space heating hourly output, lessons learned about building operations, and heating performance of the system. The study proposes an economical control strategy based on in-situ data or manufacturers specifications. Using the ANN model, the study proposes an approach to compare the energy performance between in-situ results and HOT2000 simulations. The life-cycle costs and energy performance of the hybrid energy heating system with other conventional heating systems are also compared. The study presents a comprehensive study of a hybrid-energy heating system and the results show potential for improvement in the system's energy efficiency.
Additional file 2 of Detection of germline variants with pathogenic potential in 48 patients with familial colorectal cancer by using whole exome sequencing
Creators: name: Singh, Ashish Kumar
name: Talseth-Palmer, Bente
name: Xavier, Alexandre
name: Scott, Rodney J.
name: Drabløs, Finn
name: Sjursen, Wenche
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2. Detailed information about the various filtering steps.
FFLO state with angle dependent Gap in Asymmetric Nuclear Matter
Creators: name: Shang, Xinle
name: Wang, Pei
name: Yin, Peng
name: Zuo, Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov (FFLO) state with an angle dependent-gap (ADG) for the arbitrary angle θ_0 between the direction of the Cooper pair momentum and the symmetry axis of the ADG in asymmetric nuclear matter. We find two kinds of locally stable states, i.e., the FFLO-ADG-orthogonal and FFLO-ADG-parallel states, which correspond to θ_0=π/2 and θ_0=0, respectively. Furthermore, the-FFLO-ADG-orthogonal state is located at small asymmetry, whereas the FFLO-ADG-parallel state is favored for large asymmetry. The critical isospin asymmetry α_c, where the superfluid vanishes, is enhanced largely by considering the Cooper pair momentum with an ADG.
Re-Os Chronology and Systematics of Graphite
Creators: Toma, Jonathan Alan Scott
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2023

Graphite-forming events occurred throughout Earth history and extend up to solar and pre-solar contexts. However, a comprehensive understanding of the timeline of these events has been hindered by a lack of chronological information for graphite. Here we explore the geochronological potential of natural graphite using the Re-Os decay system and investigate its application thereafter in terrestrial systems.

Graphite Re and Os concentrations and isotopic ratios are shown here to be highly variable (Re = 0.2-1520 ppb; Os = 89-19,577 ppt; 187Re/188O = 10.8-4101; 187Os/188Os = 0.57- 42.18) but analogous to those observed in terrestrial sulfides, organic-rich sedimentary rocks, and hydrocarbons. The variability in graphite Re contents is ostensibly controlled by graphite crystallinity (d002 and Lc(002)) with Re contents exhibiting an inverse relationship with graphite crystallinities.

High-precision (<1%) graphite Re-Os isochron dating is established here using hydrothermal graphite formed in mid-crustal shear zones (1731 ± 7 Ma [2σ; MSWD = 1]; Saskatchewan, Canada) and tanzanite-tsavorite gemstone deposits (587 ± 2 Ma [2σ; MSWD = 1]; Merelani Hills, Tanzania) and metamorphic graphite-pyrite formed in the Franciscan subduction zone (161 ± 2 Ma [2σ; MSWD = 0.2]; California, USA).

Graphite Re-Os dating is then coupled with additional geochronological (pyrite Re-Os dating and monazite/zircon U-Pb dating), isotopic tracer (187Os/188Os and 13C/12C) and XRD/Raman thermometry data to constrain the timing of large-scale carbon cycling in Paleoproterozoic graphitic shear zones associated with Nuna assembly, tanzanite-tsavorite

gemstone mineralization in the Mozambique belt, and Os cycling associated with subduction- zone metamorphism in the Franciscan subduction system.
Groupoid Actions on Fractafolds
Creators: name: Ionescu, Marius
name: Kumjian, Alex
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 28A80, 22A22

description: We define a bundle over a totally disconnected set such that each fiber is homeomorphic to a fractal blowup. We prove that there is a natural action of a Renault-Deaconu groupoid on our fractafold bundle and that the resulting action groupoid is a Renault-Deaconu groupoid itself. We also show that when the bundle is locally compact the associated $C^*$-algebra is primitive and has a densely defined lower-semicontinuous trace.
description: SIGMA 10 (2014), 068, 14 pages
The importance of clearance during surgical excision in pre-invasive and invasive cervical disease with the use of new innovative technologies to aid fertility preservation
Creators: name: Tzafetas, Menelaos
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2020

description: Background: Cervical cancer is the commonest gynaecological malignancy in women of reproductive-age and early-stage disease can be treated using fertility-sparing techniques although there is a current lack of evidence to suggest which affords the best oncological and reproductive outcomes. Clearance of surgical margins prevents the need for adjuvant chemoradiation and preserves fertility. Rapid Evaporative Ionisation Mass Spectrometry (REIMS) could improve accuracy of excision. Aims: Explore current UK surgical practice for early-stage cervical cancer (ESCC). Perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of oncological and reproductive outcomes following trachelectomy for ESCC according to surgical technique. Investigate whether REIMS could be used to differentiate between healthy and abnormal cervical tissue. Perform metabolite identification using Mass Spectrometry/Mass Spectrometry (MS/MS). Results: A survey of UK-based surgeons confirmed a variation in treatment approaches for ESCC. A systematic review and meta-analysis of 71 studies demonstrated 8.17% of trachelectomy specimens had positive margins at final histology. Abdominal radical trachelectomy was associated with better oncological outcomes, and vaginal radical trachelectomy with higher conception rates post-operatively. An analytical model for distinction between healthy, preinvasive and cancerous cervical tissue was developed using REIMS that distinguished between these tissue types with 100% diagnostic accuracy. Significant lipid species responsible for this distinction were identified. Discussion: These findings suggest establishing supra-regional centres for the treatment of ESCC may optimise outcomes in fertility-sparing treatment. Meta-analysis demonstrated that the surgical approach used during trachelectomy may impact on oncological and fertility outcomes, providing evidence for clinicians to counsel patients requesting a fertility-sparing treatment. REIMS has potential as a clinical tool in cervical cancer surgery and colposcopy for accurate intraoperative tissue analysis and as a bedside tool providing real-time results. This may allow clinicians to perform more accurate procedures and reduce patient anxiety associated with waiting for results and reduce the number of hospital visits
"thumb_figure_1.png" of "Measurement of the Lambda and Antilambda particles in Au + Au collisions at s(NN)**(1/2) = 130-GeV."
Creators: name: PHENIX Collaboration
Publisher: name: HEPData
Year: 2023

description: Image File
description: Measurement of the $\Lambda$ and $\bar{\Lambda}$ particles in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 130 GeV. We present results on the measurement of $\Lambda$ and $\bar{\Lambda}$ production in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 130 GeV with the PHENIX detector at RHIC. The transverse momentum spectra were measured for minimum bias and for the $5\%$ most central events. The $\bar{\Lambda}$/$\Lambda$ ratios are constant as a function of $p_T$ and the number of participants. The measured net lambda density is significantly larger than predicted by models based on hadronic strings (e.g. HIJING) but in approximate agreement with models which include the gluon junction mechanism.
Variation in patient pathways and hospital admissions for exacerbations of COPD: linking the National COPD Audit with CPRD data
Creators: name: Stone, Philip William
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2022

description: The aim of this thesis was to link secondary care data from a UK national audit of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) care with primary care data from a database of UK electronic health records (EHRs) to explore how variations in patient pathways through healthcare across England affect hospital admissions for acute exacerbations of COPD (AECOPD). This aim was achieved through 6 objectives: (i) a systematic review of the literature on validation of AECOPD definitions in EHRs; (ii) determination of predictors of referral to pulmonary rehabilitation from general practice; (iii) a comparison of the quality of COPD primary care in each UK country, as currently only Wales is assessed; (iv) determination of whether the COPD Best Practice Tariff (BPT) pay-for-performance scheme improves patient outcomes; (v) assessment of the utility of NEWS2 as a severity score measure in AECOPD admissions; (vi) linkage of secondary care audit data with primary care EHR data to explore how management of patients with COPD affects AECOPD hospital admissions. A summary of the key results is as follows. Firstly, although few studies have validated AECOPD definitions, a validated AECOPD definition was found in a systematic search of the literature that could be used in subsequent objectives. Secondly. while generally appropriate patients appear to be prioritised for PR referral, women were less likely to be considered for referral than men. Thirdly, England, Scotland, and Northern Ireland had substantially lower proportions of patients with confirmed airways obstruction and referrals to pulmonary rehabilitation than Wales. This suggests that completing primary care audits solely in Wales is leading to improvements in, at least, the recording of care that are not happening in the rest of the UK. Fourthly, the combination of interventions financially incentivised by the COPT BPT were not associated with an improvement in 30-day mortality or readmission. One component of the BPT, specialist review, was associated with 31% lower odds of inpatient mortality. Fifthly, NEWS2 was a poor predictor of length of hospital stay, requirement for NIV, and inpatient mortality, with AUC values of 0.7 or less for each outcome. Sixth and finally, 80% of patients admitted for AECOPD had contact with their GP in the 2 weeks prior to admission, suggesting that these admissions could not have been avoided. 86% of admissions were clinically appropriate. Contact with primary care did not appear to affect admission appropriateness. Receipt of a discharge care bundle was associated with receipt of best practice care, however this association appeared to derive from already having received those items of care in secondary care. Power was limited in the final analyses making it difficult to draw firm conclusions, however COPD discharge care bundles do not appear to be leading to improvements in key patient outcomes.
"thumb_figure_2.png" of "Measurement of the Lambda and Antilambda particles in Au + Au collisions at s(NN)**(1/2) = 130-GeV."
Creators: name: PHENIX Collaboration
Publisher: name: HEPData
Year: 2023

description: Image File
description: Measurement of the $\Lambda$ and $\bar{\Lambda}$ particles in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 130 GeV. We present results on the measurement of $\Lambda$ and $\bar{\Lambda}$ production in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 130 GeV with the PHENIX detector at RHIC. The transverse momentum spectra were measured for minimum bias and for the $5\%$ most central events. The $\bar{\Lambda}$/$\Lambda$ ratios are constant as a function of $p_T$ and the number of participants. The measured net lambda density is significantly larger than predicted by models based on hadronic strings (e.g. HIJING) but in approximate agreement with models which include the gluon junction mechanism.
Neutrinoless double beta decay and QCD corrections
Creators: name: Mahajan, Namit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider one loop QCD corrections and renormalization group running of the neutrinoless double beta decay amplitude focusing on the short-range part of the amplitude (without the light neutrino exchange) and find that these corrections can be sizeable. Depending on the operator under consideration, there can be moderate to large cancellations or significant enhancements. We discuss several specific examples in this context. Such large corrections will lead to significant shifts in the half-life estimates which currently are known to be plagued with the uncertainties due to nuclear physics inputs to the physical matrix elements.
description: 5 pages, 1 eps figure; minor changes, references added
"thumb_figure_3.png" of "Measurement of the Lambda and Antilambda particles in Au + Au collisions at s(NN)**(1/2) = 130-GeV."
Creators: name: PHENIX Collaboration
Publisher: name: HEPData
Year: 2023

description: Image File
description: Measurement of the $\Lambda$ and $\bar{\Lambda}$ particles in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 130 GeV. We present results on the measurement of $\Lambda$ and $\bar{\Lambda}$ production in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 130 GeV with the PHENIX detector at RHIC. The transverse momentum spectra were measured for minimum bias and for the $5\%$ most central events. The $\bar{\Lambda}$/$\Lambda$ ratios are constant as a function of $p_T$ and the number of participants. The measured net lambda density is significantly larger than predicted by models based on hadronic strings (e.g. HIJING) but in approximate agreement with models which include the gluon junction mechanism.
"thumb_figure_4.png" of "Measurement of the Lambda and Antilambda particles in Au + Au collisions at s(NN)**(1/2) = 130-GeV."
Creators: name: PHENIX Collaboration
Publisher: name: HEPData
Year: 2023

description: Image File
description: Measurement of the $\Lambda$ and $\bar{\Lambda}$ particles in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 130 GeV. We present results on the measurement of $\Lambda$ and $\bar{\Lambda}$ production in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 130 GeV with the PHENIX detector at RHIC. The transverse momentum spectra were measured for minimum bias and for the $5\%$ most central events. The $\bar{\Lambda}$/$\Lambda$ ratios are constant as a function of $p_T$ and the number of participants. The measured net lambda density is significantly larger than predicted by models based on hadronic strings (e.g. HIJING) but in approximate agreement with models which include the gluon junction mechanism.
Cosmological investigations of (extended) nonlinear massive gravity schemes with non-minimal coupling
Creators: name: Bamba, K.
name: Hossain, Md. Wali
name: Myrzakulov, R.
name: Nojiri, S.
name: Sami, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we investigate the case of non-minimal coupling in the (extended) nonlinear massive gravity theories. We first consider massive gravity in the Brans-Dicke background such that the graviton mass is replaced by $A^2(σ)m$ where $σ$ is the Brans-Dicke field and $A(σ)$ is conformal coupling and show that there is no viable thermal history of the universe in this case. We then invoke a cubic galileon term as nonlinear completion of the $σ$ Lagrangian and show that there is a stable de Sitter solution in this case. However, the de Sitter is blocked by the matter phase which is also a simultaneous attractor of the dynamics. The de Sitter phase can, however, be realized by invoking unnatural fine tunings. We next investigate cosmology of quasi-dilaton nonlinear massive gravity with non-minimal coupling. As a generic feature of the non-minimal coupling, we show that the model exhibits a transient phantom phase which is otherwise impossible. While performing the observational data analysis on the models, we find that a small value of coupling constant is allowed for quasi-dilaton nonlinear massive gravity. For both the cases under consideration, it is observed that we have an effective pressure of matter which comes from the constraint equation. For mass-varying nonlinear massive gravity in the Brans-Dicke background, the effective pressure of matter is non zero which affects the evolution of the Hubble parameter thereby spoiling consistency of the model with data. As for, quasi-dilaton nonlinear massive gravity, the effective pressure of matter can be kept around zero by controlling the coupling constant, the model is shown to be fit well with observations.
description: 21 pages, 13 figures, 6 tables, minor clarifications added, references updated, to appear in PRD
On Supporting QUIC Data Transmission through Dynamic Multicast Management
Creators: name: De Sousa Araújo, Antonio Cleber
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: As Internet users progressively increase, latency, speed, and the mobility of nodes and connections have become significant concerns. In this dynamic scenario, Heterogeneous Networks predominate, in which communications occur between devices of different technologies, manufacturers, capacities, and structures. Most communications on these networks work through the TCP protocol, which wastes much of the resources available on networks and communications. Using some resources offered by QUIC, this research aims to investigate optimization methods of dynamic multicast connections in heterogeneous and multipath environments to provide an alternative to the current demands of computer networks and mitigate the current limitations existing in the current TCP architecture.
Hydrodynamic theory of Rotating Ultracold Bose Einstein Condensates in Supersolid Phase
Creators: name: Sachdeva, Rashi
name: Ghosh, Sankalpa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Within mean field Gross-Pitaevskii framework, ultra cold atomic condensates with long range interaction is predicted to have a supersolid like ground state beyond a critical interaction strength. Such mean field supersolid like ground state has periodically modulated superfluid density which implies the coexistence of superfluid and crystalline order. Ultra cold atomic system in such mean field ground state can be subjected to artificial gauge field created either through rotation or by introducing space dependent coupling among hyperfine states of the atoms using Raman lasers. Starting from this Gross-Pitaevskii energy functional that describes such systems at zero temperature, we construct hydrodynamic theory to describe the low energy long wavelength excitations of such rotating supersolid of weakly interacting ultra cold atoms in two spatial dimensions for generic type of long range interaction. We treat the supersolidity in such system within the framework of well known two fluid approximation. Considering such system in the fast rotation limit where a vortex lattice in superfluid coexists with the supersolid lattice, we analytically obtain the dispersion relations of collective excitations around this equilibrium state. The dispersion relation gives the modes of the rotating supersolid which can be experimentally measured within the current technology. We point out that this can clearly identify such a ultra cold atomic supersolid phase in an unambiguous way.
description: Revised Latex file with .pdf figures, Accepted for publication in Journal of Physics B : At. Mol. Opt
A programmable quantum current standard from the Josephson and the quantum Hall effects
Creators: name: Poirier, W.
name: Lafont, F.
name: Djordjevic, S.
name: Schopfer, F.
name: Devoille, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a way to realize a programmable quantum current standard (PQCS) from the Josephson voltage standard and the quantum Hall resistance standard (QHR) exploiting the multiple connection technique provided by the quantum Hall effect (QHE) and the exactness of the cryogenic current comparator. The PQCS could lead to breakthroughs in electrical metrology like the realization of a programmable quantum current source, a quantum ampere-meter and a simplified closure of the Quantum Metrological Triangle. Moreover, very accurate universality tests of the QHE could be performed by comparing PQCS based on different QHRs.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
Vehicular Delay Tolerant Networking for Fleet Management Applications
Creators: Stevens, Mark
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2023

The objective of this thesis is the study and implementation of a Vehicular Delay Tolerant Network (VDTN) system for a fleet of vehicles, and the evaluation of its data carrying potential. The implementation relies on commodity hardware and communication using "WiFi" (IEEE 802.11) transceivers. We also detail the steps necessary for the accurate simulation of realistic, daily routines, of vehicular fleets serving an urban road network. We use as our example a fleet of service vehicles operating in the city of  Lethbridge, Alberta. We analyze the dynamics of encounters among fleet vehicles throughout a typical working day, and introduce a Markovian model capturing the encounter distance dynamics. We can then translate the encounter distance dynamics to, corresponding, communication throughput dynamics. We perform  data collection of IEEE 802.11 point-to-point throughput vs. distance measurements, which, in conjunction with the Markovian model, allows to derive the expected data carrying volume introduced by the VDTN. The results demonstrate that the data carrying capacity of the VDTN exceeds what is needed by typical vehicle monitoring applications. The surplus capacity can be used for delivering value-added services, such as data collection from external wireless sensor networks.
An integral with respect to probabilistic-valued decomposable measures
Creators: name: Halčinová, Lenka
name: Hutník, Ondrej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 54E70, Secondary 60A10, 28C15

description: Several concepts of approximate reasoning in uncertainty processing are linked to the processing of distribution functions. In this paper we make use of probabilistic framework of approximate reasoning by proposing a Lebesgue-type approach to integration of non-negative real-valued functions with respect to probabilistic-valued decomposable (sub)measures. Basic properties of the corresponding probabilistic integral are investigated in detail. It is shown that certain properties, among them linearity and additivity, depend on the properties of the underlying triangle function providing (sub)additivity condition of the considered (sub)measure. It is demonstrated that the introduced integral brings a new tool in approximate reasoning and uncertainty processing with possible applications in several areas.
description: 17 pages, 2 metapost figures; v2 substantially rewritten version including application to Moore's interval analysis, 19 pages, 2 metapost figures
title: Media and Climate Change Observatory Monthly Summary: Scientists have pointed to climate change as they register more extreme weather events worldwide - Issue 74, February 2023
Creators: name: Nacu-Schmidt, Ami
name: Fernández-Reyes, Rogelio
name: Church, Presley
name: Pearman, Olivia
name: Boykoff, Max
name: Katzung, Jennifer
Publisher: name: University of Colorado Boulder
Year: 2023

description:         February media coverage of climate change or global warming in newspapers around the globe decreased 15% from January 2023 but remained 14% higher than February 2022 levels. International wire services dipped 27% while radio coverage similarly dropped 26% from January 2023. Compared to the previous month, coverage was down in Asia (-5%), Africa (-17%), Latin America (-19%), the European Union (EU) (-22%), North America (-22%), and the Middle East (-30%). Meanwhile, coverage increased in Oceania (+22%). Figure 1 shows trends in newspaper media coverage at the global scale – organized into seven geographical regions around the world – from January 2004 through February 2023.
Spectral Singularity in confined PT symmetric optical potential
Creators: name: Sinha, Anjana
name: Roychoudhury, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an analytical study for the scattering amplitudes (Reflection $|R|$ and Transmission $|T|$), of the periodic ${\cal{PT}}$ symmetric optical potential $ V(x) = \displaystyle W_0 \left( \cos ^2 x + i V_0 \sin 2x \right) $ confined within the region $0 \leq x \leq L$, embedded in a homogeneous medium having uniform potential $W_0$. The confining length $L$ is considered to be some integral multiple of the period $ π$. We give some new and interesting results. Scattering is observed to be normal ($|T| ^2 \leq 1, \ |R|^2 \leq 1$) for $V_0 \leq 0.5 $, when the above potential can be mapped to a Hermitian potential by a similarity transformation. Beyond this point ($ V_0 > 0.5 $) scattering is found to be anomalous ($|T| ^2, \ |R|^2 $ not necessarily $ \leq 1 $). Additionally, in this parameter regime of $V_0$, one observes infinite number of spectral singularities $E_{SS}$ at different values of $V_0$. Furthermore, for $L= 2 n π$, the transition point $V_0 = 0.5$ shows unidirectional invisibility with zero reflection when the beam is incident from the absorptive side ($Im [V(x)] < 0$) but finite reflection when the beam is incident from the emissive side ($Im [V(x)] > 0$), transmission being identically unity in both cases. Finally, the scattering coefficients $|R|^2$ and $|T|^2 $ always obey the generalized unitarity relation : $ ||T|^2 - 1| = \sqrt{|R_R|^2 |R_L|^2}$, where subscripts $R$ and $L$ stand for right and left incidence respectively.
description: 13 pages, 7 figures
Additional file 5 of Detection of germline variants with pathogenic potential in 48 patients with familial colorectal cancer by using whole exome sequencing
Creators: name: Singh, Ashish Kumar
name: Talseth-Palmer, Bente
name: Xavier, Alexandre
name: Scott, Rodney J.
name: Drabløs, Finn
name: Sjursen, Wenche
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 5: Table S1. List of 38 genes and their roles in Cancer. Table S2. The list of detected CNVs. Table S3. Number of variants passing different combinations of filters based on rank-scores of 7 in silico tools.
The New Quantum Logic
Creators: name: Griffiths, Robert B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown how all the major conceptual difficulties of standard (textbook) quantum mechanics, including the two measurement problems and the (supposed) nonlocality that conflicts with special relativity, are resolved in the consistent or decoherent histories interpretation of quantum mechanics by using a modified form of quantum logic to discuss quantum properties (subspaces of the quantum Hilbert space), and treating quantum time development as a stochastic process. The histories approach in turn gives rise to some conceptual difficulties, in particular the correct choice of a framework (probabilistic sample space) or family of histories, and these are discussed. The central issue is that the principle of unicity, the idea that there is a unique single true description of the world, is incompatible with our current understanding of quantum mechanics.
description: Minor changes and corrections to bring into conformity with published version
Incrementando a confiabilidade em redes IoT de dados nomeados a partir de modelos de reputação distribuídos
Creators: name: De Sousa, Antonio Mateus
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: A Internet das coisas (IoT) se apresenta como um ambiente altamente heterogêneo, caracterizado pela interconexão de dispositivos distintos. A arquitetura TCP/IP atual não foi projetada para lidar com tais condições, o que pode prejudicar o crescimento da rede seja pela escassez de endereços IPs ou problemas de roteamento. Dessa forma, as redes de dados nomeados (NDN) surgem como uma arquitetura alternativa que pode solucionar os desafios citados. Os atributos nativos de NDN incluem in-network caching, named-based routing, e segurança a nível de pacote. Todavia, apesar dos benefícios da NDN, o modelo de segurança ainda se baseia em um esquema de infraestrutura de chaves públicas (PKI), que se trata de uma abordagem logicamente centralizada, podendo impactar negativamente na escalabilidade de uma rede IoT. Além disso, as técnicas atuais de segurança visam garantir o básico em uma comunicação segura (e.g. autenticação e privacidade), porém não abordam a confiança uma vez que dispositivos podem ser hackeados ou simplesmente atuarem de forma bizantina. Sendo assim, argumentamos que apenas a criptografia não garante uma real confiança no fornecimento de serviços/conteúdos. Com base nisso, neste trabalho discutimos a eficiência do modelo de segurança da NDN em um cenário IoT.
Probabilistic-valued decomposable set functions with respect to triangle functions
Creators: name: Halčinová, Lenka
name: Hutník, Ondrej
name: Molnárová, Jana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 54E70, Secondary 60A10, 60B05

description: In the framework of the generalized measure theory the decomposable probabilistic-valued set functions are introduced with triangle functions $τ$ in an appropriate probabilistic metric space as natural candidates for the "addition", leading to the concept of $τ$-decomposable measures. Several set functions, among them the classical (sub)measures, previously defined $τ_T$-submeasures, $τ_{L,A}$-submeasures as well as recently introduced Shen's (sub)measures are described and investigated in a unified way. Basic properties and characterizations of $τ$-decomposable (sub)measures are also studied and numerous extensions of results from the above mentioned papers are provided.
description: v2 rewritten substantially, 14 pages
Publication Bias in Ecology and Evolution: A Systematized Review and Meta-Analysis
Creators: name: Weaver, Ryan
name: Zarluis Mijango-Ramos
name: Dubie, Joseph J
name: Iverson, Erik
name: Belasen, Anat
name: Greig, Keri
name: Tripp, Hannah Chapman
name: Sterling, Jess
name: York, Julia M
name: Havird, Justin
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Ecology and Evolutionary Biology
subject: Life Sciences
subject: Evolution
subject: Meta-analysis
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Citation bias
subject: Publication bias

description: This registration is for meta-analysis based on a systematized review that seeks to examine publication bias in ecology and evolution by examining effect sizes and other factors related to citation performance.
Essays on behavioural perspectives on corporate decisions: A real options approach
Creators: Cardenas, Rodrigo
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2023

Essay 1 studies how managerial overconfidence, defined as a miscalibration bias, affects the timing and terms of mergers and acquisitions. Using a real options framework, I show that overconfident acquirers lead to earlier mergers in which the terms of the deal favour target firms. Acquirers' overconfidence results in positive (negative) announcement returns for the target (acquirer) and overall value destruction. When deals are hostile, announcement returns for both firms are higher, and overconfidence creates value. I present empirical evidence that strongly supports the model´s predictions.

Essay 2 studies how managerial overconfidence, defined as an overestimation of signal precision, affects the timing and terms of merger deals. Using a real options model that combines imperfect information and learning, I show that information-based overconfident managers overreact to information, delaying merger deals. Unlike other forms of overconfidence, firms benefit from this bias, with the terms of the deal being beneficial to firms with overconfident managers.  Deals are characterized by positive pre-announcement returns for both firms and positive (negative) announcement returns for the biased (rational) firm.

Essay 3 studies how heterogeneity in beliefs affects investment decisions. I analyze a canonical real options investment problem from the perspective of a three-member group that must decide through majority voting. I show that when both the project's value and the investment costs are uncertain, belief heterogeneity becomes a key characteristic, as group’s investment behaviour can not always be represented by any member or subset of the group.