cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Post-merger evolution of carbon-oxygen + helium white dwarf binaries and the origin of R Coronae Borealis and extreme helium stars
Creators: name: Zhang, Xianfei
name: Jeffery, C. Simon
name: Chen, Xuefei
name: Han, Zhanwen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Orbital decay by gravitational-wave radiation will cause some close-binary white dwarfs (WDs) to merge within a Hubble time. The results from previous hydrodynamical WD-merger simulations have been used to guide calculations of the post-merger evolution of carbon-oxygen + helium (CO+He) WD binaries. Our models include the formation of a hot corona in addition to a Keplerian disk. We introduce a 'destroyeddisk' model to simulate the effect of direct disk ingestion into the expanding envelope. These calculations indicate significant lifetimes in the domain of the rare R Coronae Borealis (RCB) stars, before a fast evolution through the domain of the hotter extreme helium (EHe) stars. Surface chemistries of the resulting giants are in partial agreement with the observed abundances of RCB and EHe stars. The production of 3He, 18O and 19F are discussed. Evolutionary timescales combined with binary white-dwarf merger rates from binary-star population synthesis are consistent with present-day numbers of RCBs and EHes, provided that the majority come from relatively recent (< 2Gyr) star formation. However, most RCBs should be produced by CO-WD + low-mass HeWD mergers, with the He-WD having a mass in the range 0.20-0.35 Msolar. Whilst, previously, a high He-WD mass (> 0.40 Msolar) was required to match the carbon-rich abundances of RCB stars, the 'destroyed-disk' model yields a high-carbon product with He-WD mass > 0.30 Msolar, in better agreement with population synthesis results.
description: 18 pages, 26 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
WT1 Recruits TET2 to Regulate Its Target Gene Expression and Suppress Leukemia Cell Proliferation
Creators: name: Xiong, Yue
name: Chen, Xiufei
name: Lv, Lei
name: Wang, Yiping
name: Jiao, Bo
name: Ren, Ruibao
name: Wang, Pu
name: Yang, Hui
name: Ma, Shenghong
name: Guan, Kun-Liang
name: Lin, Huaipeng
name: Xu, Yanping
name: Ye, Dan
name: Chen, Leilei
name: Xiao, Mengtao
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: The TET2 DNA dioxygenase regulates cell identity and suppresses tumorigenesis by modulating DNA methylation and expression of a large number of genes. How TET2, like most other chromatin modifying enzymes, is recruited to specific genomic sites is unknown. Here we report that WT1, a sequence-specific transcription factor, is mutated in a mutually exclusive manner with TET2, IDH1 and IDH2 in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). WT1 physically interacts with and recruits TET2 to its target genes to activate their expression. The interaction between WT1 and TET2 is disrupted by multiple AML-derived TET2 mutations. TET2 suppresses leukemia cell proliferation and colony formation in a manner dependent on WT1. These results provide a mechanism for targeting TET2 to specific DNA sequence in the genome. Our results also provide an explanation for the mutual exclusivity of WT1 and TET2 mutations in AML and suggest an IDH1/2-TET2-WT1 pathway in suppressing AML.
Following the evidence: implementing a redesigned evidence based medicine curriculum into an internal medicine residency
Creators: name: Rusek, Max
name: Saunders, Staci
name: Kane, Ryan
Publisher: name: Oregon Health and Science University
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Internship and Residency
subject: Feedback
subject: Needs Assessment
subject: Focus Groups
subject: Curriculum
subject: SOTL/Education scholarship
subject: Assessment of learning
subject: Educational research findings

description: Evidence based medicine (EBM) skills are important to foster throughout medical training, as EBM principles aim to promote the conscientious, explicit, and judicious use of the current best evidence for the care of individual patients. As medical complexity and the volume of scientific literature increases, EBM skills are made more essential to guide clinical practice. Through the process of curriculum development, this project aims to improve perceptions of the EBM learning environment at OHSU, EBM skills during residency, and congruency between resident desires in an EBM curriculum and the demands of modern clinical practice.
Transcriptional Repression of the  -Subunit Gene by Androgen Receptor Occurs Independently of DNA Binding but Requires the DNA-Binding and Ligand-Binding Domains of the Receptor
Creators: name: Heckert, L. L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1997

description: The pituitary glycoprotein hormones LH and FSH regulate the reproductive cycle and are sensitive to feedback by gonadal steroids. The common α-subunit shared by these hormones is transcriptionally repressed by androgen receptor (AR) in the presence of its ligand dihydrotestosterone. This identifies at least one mechanism that contributes to AR-dependent suppression of gonadotropin synthesis. Repression of α-subunit transcription by AR requires only the sequences within the first 480 bp of the promoter. While this region contains a high-affinity binding site for AR, this element does not mediate the suppressive effects of androgens. Instead, two other elements within the promoter-regulatory region (α-basal element and cAMP-regulatory element), which are important for expression of the α-subunit gene in gonadotropes, mediate the effects of AR. This suggests that AR inhibits activity of the α-subunit promoter by interfering with the transcriptional properties of the proteins that bind to α-basal element and the cAMP-regulatory elements. Furthermore, transfection analysis of various mutant ARs identified both the DNA-binding and ligand-binding domains of the receptor as critical for repression. Comparisons with the MMTV promoter revealed distinct structural requirements that underlie the trans-activation and transrepression properties of AR.
The HER4 Cytoplasmic Domain, But Not Its C Terminus, Inhibits Mammary Cell Proliferation
Creators: name: Zhou, Hong
name: Sartor, Carolyn I.
name: Caskey, Laura S.
name: Muraoka-Cook, Rebecca S.
name: Earp, H. Shelton
name: Hunter, Debra
name: Dy, Ruth
name: Feng, Shu-Mang
name: Yang, Xihui
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: Unlike the proliferative action of other EGF receptor family members, HER4/ErbB4 is often associated with growth inhibitory and differentiation signaling. These actions may involve HER4 two-step proteolytic processing by intra-membraneous γ-secretase, releasing the soluble, intracellular 80kDa HER4 cytoplasmic domain, s80HER4. We demonstrate that pharmacologic inhibition of either γ-secretase activity or HER4 tyrosine kinase activity blocked heregulin-dependent growth inhibition of SUM44 breast cancer cells. We next generated breast cell lines stably expressing GFP-s80HER4 (GFP fused to the N-terminus of the HER4 cytoplasmic domain, residues 676–1308), GFP-CTHER4 (GFP fused to N-terminus of the HER4 C-terminus distal to the tyrosine kinase domain, residues 989–1308) or GFP alone. Both GFP-s80HER4 and GFP-CTHER4 were found in the nucleus, but GFP-s80HER4 accumulated to a greater extent and sustained its nuclear localization. s80HER4 was constitutively tyrosine phosphorylated and treatment of cells with a specific HER family tyrosine kinase inhibitor i) blocked tyrosine phosphorylation; ii) markedly diminished GFP-s80HER4 nuclear localization, and iii) reduced STAT5A tyrosine phosphorylation and nuclear localization as well as GFP-s80HER4:STAT5A interaction. Multiple normal mammary and breast cancer cell lines, stably expressing GFP-s80HER4 (SUM44, MDA-MB-453, MCF10A, SUM102, and HC11) were growth inhibited compared to the same cell line expressing GFP-CTHER4, or GFP alone. The s80HER4-induced cell number reduction was due to slower growth, as rates of apoptosis were equivalent in GFP, GFP-CTHER4, and GFP-s80HER4 expressing cells. Lastly, GFP-s80HER4 enhanced differentiation signaling as indicated by increased basal and prolactin-dependent β–casein expression. These results indicate that surface HER4 tyrosine phosphorylation and ligand-dependent release of s80HER4 are necessary, and s80HER4 signaling is sufficient for HER4-dependent growth inhibition.
The Political Communication of Italia Viva on Instagram: From its Formation to the COVID-19 Emergency
Creators: name: Stavolo, Agostino
name: Luongo, Assunta
Publisher: name: Universita' degli Studi di Salerno
Year: 2021
Subjects: Content analysis
Political communication
COVID-19

description: On 16th September 2019, Matteo Renzi in live recording announces his exit from PD and the formation of a new party called "Italia Viva". According tothese socialand political events, the research aims at understanding, throughan approach based on content analysis,what arethe main contentsconveyed by the Instagram page of Italia Viva in the initial phase of the birth of the party –from September 16 to February 19 -and if there are any differences in the communication strategy adopted during the COVID-19 emergency–from February 20 until June 3. The expected results of thestudy arefocused on analyzing the relationship between digital spaces, politics, and the pandemic, offering a detailed analysis of the consequences of the COVID-19 emergency onpolitics and the use of the media, contextualized in the communication strategies of the Italia Viva party.
Reflections on the Data Governance Act
Creators: name: Ruohonen, Jukka
name: Mickelsson, Sini
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The European Union (EU) has been pursuing a new strategy under the umbrella label of digital sovereignty. Data is an important element in this strategy. To this end, a specific Data Governance Act was enacted in 2022. This new regulation builds upon two ideas: reuse of data held by public sector bodies and voluntary sharing of data under the label of data altruism. This short commentary reviews the main content of the new regulation. Based on the review, a few points are also raised about potential challenges.
description: Digital Society, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 1-10
A novel application of pattern recognition for accurate SNP and indel discovery from high-throughput data: Targeted resequencing of the glucocorticoid receptor co-chaperone FKBP5 in a Caucasian population
Creators: name: Pelleymounter, Linda L.
name: Laederach, Alain
name: Moon, Irene
name: Rossetti, Sandro
name: Johnson, Julie A.
name: Eckloff, Bruce
name: Abo, Ryan
name: Halvorsen, Matt
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: The detection of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and insertion/deletions (indels) with precision from high-throughput data remains a significant bioinformatics challenge. Accurate detection is necessary before next-generation sequencing can routinely be used in the clinic. In research, scientific advances are inhibited by gaps in data, exemplified by the underrepresented discovery of rare variants, variants in non-coding regions and indels. The continued presence of false positives and false negatives prevents full automation and requires additional manual verification steps. Our methodology presents applications of both pattern recognition and sensitivity analysis to eliminate false positives and aid in the detection of SNP/indel loci and genotypes from high-throughput data. We chose FK506-binding protein 51(FKBP5) (6p21.31) for our clinical target because of its role in modulating pharmacological responses to physiological and synthetic glucocorticoids and because of the complexity of the genomic region. We detected genetic variation across a160 kb region encompassing FKBP5. 613 SNPs and 57 indels, including a 3.3 kb deletion were discovered. We validated our method using three independent data sets and, with Sanger sequencing and Affymetrix and Illumina microarrays, achieved 99% concordance. Furthermore we were able to detect 267 novel rare variants and assess linkage disequilibrium. Our results showed both a sensitivity and specificity of 98%, indicating near perfect classification between true and false variants. The process is scalable and amenable to automation, with the downstream filters taking only 1.5 hours to analyze 96 individuals simultaneously. We provide examples of how our level of precision uncovered the interactions of multiple loci, their predicted influences on mRNA stability, perturbations of the hsp90 binding site, and individual variation in FKBP5 expression. Finally we show how our discovery of rare variants may change current conceptions of evolution at this locus.
Expanding research to provide an evidence base for nutritional interventions for the management of inborn errors of metabolism
Creators: name: Stacpoole, Peter W.
name: Mulberg, Andrew
name: Vockley, Jerry
name: Yao, Lynne
name: Harding, Cary
name: Parisi, Melissa A.
name: Gopal-Srivastava, Rashmi
name: Groft, Stephen C.
name: Coates, Paul M.
name: Cederbaum, Stephen
name: Camp, Kathryn M.
name: Enns, Gregory M.
name: Ershow, Abby G.
name: Venditti, Charles
name: Regan, Karen
name: Lloyd-Puryear, Michele A.
name: Frazier, Dianne M.
name: Howell, R. Rodney
name: Watson, Michael
name: Gohagan, John
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: A trans-National Institutes of Health initiative, Nutrition and Dietary Supplement Interventions for Inborn Errors of Metabolism (NDSI-IEM), was launched in 2010 to identify gaps in knowledge regarding the safety and utility of nutritional interventions for the management of inborn errors of metabolism (IEM) that need to be filled with evidence-based research. IEM include inherited biochemical disorders in which specific enzyme defects interfere with the normal metabolism of exogenous (dietary) or endogenous protein, carbohydrate, or fat. For some of these IEM, effective management depends primarily on nutritional interventions. Further research is needed to demonstrate the impact of nutritional interventions on individual health outcomes and on the psychosocial issues identified by patients and their families. A series of meetings and discussions were convened to explore the current United States’ funding and regulatory infrastructure and the challenges to the conduct of research for nutritional interventions for the management of IEM. Although the research and regulatory infrastructure are well-established, a collaborative pathway that includes the professional and advocacy rare disease community and federal regulatory and research agencies will be needed to overcome current barriers.
Maternal–fetal metabolic gene–gene interactions and risk of neural tube defects
Creators: name: Lupo, Philip J.
name: Canfield, Mark A.
name: Shaw, Gary M.
name: Mitchell, Laura E.
name: Zhu, Huiping
name: Olshan, Andrew F.
name: Finnell, Richard H.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Single-gene analyses indicate that maternal genes associated with metabolic conditions (e.g., obesity) may influence the risk of neural tube defects (NTDs). However, to our knowledge, there have been no assessments of maternal-fetal metabolic gene-gene interactions and NTDs. We investigated 23 single nucleotide polymorphisms among 7 maternal metabolic genes (ADRB3, ENPP1, FTO, LEP, PPARG, PPARGC1A, and TCF7L2) and 2 fetal metabolic genes (SLC2A2 and UCP2). Samples were obtained from 737 NTD case-parent triads included in the National Birth Defects Prevention Study for birth years 1999–2007. We used a 2-step approach to evaluate maternal-fetal gene-gene interactions. First, a case-only approach was applied to screen all potential maternal and fetal interactions (n=76), as this design provides greater power in the assessment of gene-gene interactions compared to other approaches. Specifically, ordinal logistic regression was used to calculate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for each maternal-fetal gene-gene interaction, assuming a log-additive model of inheritance. Due to the number of comparisons, we calculated a corrected p-value (q-value) using the false discovery rate. Second, we confirmed all statistically significant interactions (q<0.05) using a log-linear approach among case-parent triads. In step 1, there were 5 maternal-fetal gene-gene interactions with q<0.05. The “top hit” was an interaction between maternal ENPP1 rs1044498 and fetal SLC2A2 rs6785233 (interaction OR=3.65, 95% CI: 2.32–5.74, p=2.09×10−8, q=0.001), which was confirmed in step 2 (p=0.00004). Our findings suggest that maternal metabolic genes associated with hyperglycemia and insulin resistance and fetal metabolic genes involved in glucose homeostasis may interact to increase the risk of NTDs.
TOI-3235 b: a transiting giant planet around an M4 dwarf star
Creators: name: Hobson, Melissa J.
name: Jordán, Andrés
name: Bryant, E. M.
name: Brahm, R.
name: Bayliss, D.
name: Hartman, J. D.
name: Bakos, G. Á.
name: Henning, Th.
name: Almenara, Jose Manuel
name: Barkaoui, Khalid
name: Benkhaldoun, Zouhair
name: Bonfils, Xavier
name: Bouchy, François
name: Charbonneau, David
name: Cointepas, Marion
name: Collins, Karen A.
name: Eastman, Jason D.
name: Ghachoui, Mourad
name: Gillon, Michaël
name: Goeke, Robert F.
name: Horne, Keith
name: Irwin, Jonathan M.
name: Jehin, Emmanuel
name: Jenkins, Jon M.
name: Latham, David W.
name: Moldovan, Dan
name: Murgas, Felipe
name: Pozuelos, Francisco J.
name: Ricker, George R.
name: Schwarz, Richard P.
name: Seager, S.
name: Srdoc, Gregor
name: Striegel, Stephanie
name: Timmermans, Mathilde
name: Vanderburg, Andrew
name: Vanderspek, Roland
name: Winn, Joshua N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the discovery of TOI-3235 b, a short-period Jupiter orbiting an M-dwarf with a stellar mass close to the critical mass at which stars transition from partially to fully convective. TOI-3235 b was first identified as a candidate from TESS photometry, and confirmed with radial velocities from ESPRESSO, and ground-based photometry from HATSouth, MEarth-South, TRAPPIST-South, LCOGT, and ExTrA. We find that the planet has a mass of $\mathrm{0.665\pm0.025\,M_J}$ and a radius of $\mathrm{1.017\pm0.044\,R_J}$. It orbits close to its host star, with an orbital period of $\mathrm{2.5926\,d}$, but has an equilibrium temperature of $\mathrm{\approx 604 \, K}$, well below the expected threshold for radius inflation of hot Jupiters. The host star has a mass of $\mathrm{0.3939\pm0.0030\,M_\odot}$, a radius of $\mathrm{0.3697\pm0.0018\,R_\odot}$, an effective temperature of $\mathrm{3389 \, K}$, and a J-band magnitude of $\mathrm{11.706\pm0.025}$. Current planet formation models do not predict the existence of gas giants such as TOI-3235 b around such low-mass stars. With a high transmission spectroscopy metric, TOI-3235 b is one of the best-suited giants orbiting M-dwarfs for atmospheric characterization.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures. Accepted for publication in APJL
Effect of carp, Cyprinus carpio L., an exotic benthivorous fish, on aquatic plants and water quality in experimental ponds
Creators: name: Roberts, Jane
name: Chick, Alan
name: Oswald, Louisa
name: Thompson, Peter
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2023

description: Murray-Darling Freshwater Research Centre

MDFRC item.

The effects of carp, Cyprinus carpio L., on water quality and functioning of aquatic systems were investigated in two experiments in ponds (~90 cm deep) outdoors at Griffith, New South Wales. The experiments represented contrasting conditions of high and low impact, defined by stocking density and food availability, with stocking densities chosen to be above and below 450 kg ha-1, the stocking density suggested as a critical threshold for damage. Under high impact conditions, carp had a significant effect on water quality, habitat structure and pond physical characteristics. Turbidity increased from approximately 7 NTU to 26 and 73 NTU by Day 4, there was a complete loss of two out of five plant species tested (Chara fibrosa and Vallisneria sp.) by Day 6, and surface water temperature in ponds with carp was significantly greater by Day 7. Plant loss was attributed to uprooting rather than herbivory, as sometimes reported. Under low impact conditions the uprooting rate of Vallisneria was reduced to a third. Contrary to the results of previous studies, there was no evidence of increased nutrients or greater algal biomass in ponds with carp, but this may have been because the sediments were relatively low in phosphorus. A crude nutrient budget based on water concentrations and tissue analysis showed substantial growth of carp in 20 days that could be accounted for only by considering either sediments or terrestrial inputs (ponds were not covered) as an important food source.
Figli del Fuoco. Storia di un popolo e della sua montagna [poster]
Figli del Fuoco. Storia di un popolo e della sua montagna [poster]
Creators: name: Ventresca, Luca
name: Rappuoli, Daniele
name: Castrini, Paolo
name: Fabbrini, Marco
Publisher: name: L. Ventresca et al., "Figli del Fuoco. Storia di un popolo e della sua montagna", in Metti la storia al lavoro! Seconda conferenza italiana di Public History. Pisa, 11-15 giugno 2018
Year: 2025

description: “Figli del fuoco” è il progetto di Public History coordinato dal Comune di Abbadia San Salvatore che riunisce insieme, oltre all’ente, anche i suoi più importanti musei di riferimento: il Museo di Arte Sacra dell’Abbazia del SS. Salvatore e il Parco Museo Minerario. Il progetto si propone di costruire un percorso di valorizzazione dell’intera storia del paese di Abbadia San Salvatore, dalle origini vulcaniche e geologiche della sua montagna (il Monte Amiata), passando per il periodo preistorico e il periodo medievale, con la fondazione dell’abbazia longobarda nell’VIII secolo e il borgo, nato proprio per la presenza dell’abbazia ed allargatosi già a partire dall’XI secolo, per poi finire all’epoca moderna con l’avvento della miniera di mercurio che ha cambiato per sempre le abitudini della gente di montagna.
Effects of feeding by Agapetus species (Trichoptera) on the density of epilithon in an Australian upland stream
Creators: name: Gawne, Benjamin
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2023

description: Murray-Darling Freshwater Research Centre

MDFRC item.

The effects of feeding by an abundant glossosomatid trichopteran on the density of epilithon on cobbles in an upland stream were evaluated by using both exclosures and flow-through in-stream channels. The in-stream channel experiment found that Agapetus kimminsi Banks had the ability to reduce significantly the density of epilithon on experimental substrata and that this effect was more pronounced on the sides of experimental substrata. The exclosure experiment found that excluding Agapetus monticolus Banks from experimental substrata within the stream had no effect on epilithon density. The different results from the two experiments appear to be due to the use of different experimental protocols and indicate that although Agapetus species are capable of affecting the density of epilithon, they may have only a limited effect within the stream. The limited effect of Agapetus species on the density of epilithon may be due to the effects of other environmental factors (e.g. current) both on the foraging activities of Agapetus species and on the density of epilithon.
Bank-firm credit network in Japan. An analysis of a bipartite network
Creators: name: Marotta, Luca
name: Miccichè, Salvatore
name: Fujiwara, Yoshi
name: Iyetomi, Hiroshi
name: Aoyama, Hideaki
name: Gallegati, Mauro
name: Mantegna, Rosario N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Finance (q-fin.GN)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an analysis of the credit market of Japan. The analysis is performed by investigating the bipartite network of banks and firms which is obtained by setting a link between a bank and a firm when a credit relationship is present in a given time window. In our investigation we focus on a community detection algorithm which is identifying communities composed by both banks and firms. We show that the clusters obtained by directly working on the bipartite network carry information about the networked nature of the Japanese credit market. Our analysis is performed for each calendar year during the time period from 1980 to 2011. Specifically, we obtain communities of banks and networks for each of the 32 investigated years, and we introduce a method to track the time evolution of these communities on a statistical basis. We then characterize communities by detecting the simultaneous over-expression of attributes of firms and banks. Specifically, we consider as attributes the economic sector and the geographical location of firms and the type of banks. In our 32 year long analysis we detect a persistence of the over-expression of attributes of clusters of banks and firms together with a slow dynamics of changes from some specific attributes to new ones. Our empirical observations show that the credit market in Japan is a networked market where the type of banks, geographical location of firms and banks and economic sector of the firm play a role in shaping the credit relationships between banks and firms.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures, 2 Tables
title: Introduzione. Partecipare
Creators: name: Gentili , Dario
Publisher: name: Roma Tre-Press
Year: 2011

description: Non sono certo rari, ovunque nel mondo e in ogni lingua, le occasioni di confronto, i convegni, gli incontri e i seminari dedicati al pensiero di nancy; ma questo numero di «B@bel» testimonia di un'occasione a suo modo straordinaria: il 21-22-23 giugno 2010 si è tenuto presso la Facoltà di Lettere e Filofia dell'Università degli Studi Roma Tre il convegno internazionale La filosofia di Jean-Luc Nancy, cui ha partecipato Nancy in persona.

description: B@belonline vol. 10/11 Pensare con Jean-Luc Nancy
Effects of microspatial complexity on a herbivore—epilithon interaction in an Australian upland stream
Creators: name: Gawne, Benjamin
name: Lake, P. Sam
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2023

description: Murray-Darling Freshwater Research Centre

MDFRC item.

1. Increases in spatial heterogeneity may provide more food, create new resources or interfere with the foraging activities of a herbivore.2. Three colonization experiments were performed in an upland stream to investigate the effects of one type of spatial heterogeneity (grooves on the substratum) on the relationship between an abundant herbivore, Agapetus monticolus (Banks, Trichoptera), and the epilithon on which it feeds.3. The results indicate that grooves do not provide any different resources or interfere with the foraging activities of A. monticolus, but may increase food abundance, although the effect of grooves on food abundance appears to vary temporally.4. Temporal variation in the effects of microspatial complexity raises the possibility that its importance to the community may be over- or underestimated unless experiments are designed to incorporate this temporal variation.
Pleiotropic genes for metabolic syndrome and inflammation
Creators: name: Reiner, Alexander P.
name: Kraja, Aldi T.
name: Johnson, Andrew D.
name: Morris, Andrew
name: Jørgensen, Torben
name: Chasman, Daniel I.
name: Schnabel, Renate B.
name: Jørgensen, Marit E.
name: Smith, Jennifer A.
name: Vaez, Ahmad
name: Feitosa, Mary F.
name: Im, Hae Kyung
name: Pendergrass, Sarah A.
name: Pedersen, Oluf
name: Hansen, Torben
name: Chu, Audrey Y.
name: Kilpeläinen, Tuomas O.
name: Rohde, Rebecca
name: Ziegler, Mark A.
name: Ritchie, Marylyn D.
name: Shao, Yaming
name: Sun, Yan V.
name: Ligthart, Symen
name: Nolte, Ilja M.
name: Marullo, Letizia
name: Dupuis, Josée
name: Tekola-Ayele, Fasil
name: Yanek, Lisa R.
name: Lin, Honghuang
name: North, Kari E.
name: Dehghan, Abbas
name: Dastani, Zari
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) has become a health and financial burden worldwide. The MetS definition captures clustering of risk factors that predict higher risk for diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease. Our study hypothesis is that additional to genes influencing individual MetS risk factors, genetic variants exist that influence MetS and inflammatory markers forming a predisposing MetS genetic network. To test this hypothesis a staged approach was undertaken. (a) We analyzed 17 metabolic and inflammatory traits in more than 85,500 participants from 14 large epidemiological studies within the Cross Consortia Pleiotropy Group. Individuals classified with MetS (NCEP definition), versus those without, showed on average significantly different levels for most inflammatory markers studied. (b) Paired average correlations between 8 metabolic traits and 9 inflammatory markers from the same studies as above, estimated with two methods, and factor analyses on large simulated data, helped in identifying 8 combinations of traits for follow-up in meta-analyses, out of 130,305 possible combinations between metabolic traits and inflammatory markers studied. (c) We performed correlated meta-analyses for 8 metabolic traits and 6 inflammatory markers by using existing GWAS published genetic summary results, with about 2.5 million SNPs from twelve predominantly largest GWAS consortia. These analyses yielded 130 unique SNPs/genes with pleiotropic associations (a SNP/gene associating at least one metabolic trait and one inflammatory marker). Of them twenty-five variants (seven loci newly reported) are proposed as MetS candidates. They map to genes MACF1, KIAA0754, GCKR, GRB14, COBLL1, LOC646736-IRS1, SLC39A8, NELFE, SKIV2L, STK19, TFAP2B, BAZ1B, BCL7B, TBL2, MLXIPL, LPL, TRIB1, ATXN2, HECTD4, PTPN11, ZNF664, PDXDC1, FTO, MC4R and TOMM40. Based on large data evidence, we conclude that inflammation is a feature of MetS and several gene variants show pleiotropic genetic associations across phenotypes and might explain a part of MetS correlated genetic architecture. These findings warrant further functional investigation.
Projective versus weak measurement of charge in a mesoscopic conductor
Creators: name: Oehri, David
name: Lebedev, Andrei V.
name: Lesovik, Gordey B.
name: Blatter, Gianni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the charge dynamics of a quantum dot as measured by a nearby quantum point contact probing the dot via individual single-particle wave packets. We contrast the two limiting cases of weak and strong system--detector coupling exerting vanishing and strong back-action on the system and analyze the resulting differences in the charge-charge correlator. Extending the study to multiple projective measurements modelling a continuous strong measurement, we identify a transition from a charge dynamics dominated by the system's properties to a universal dynamics governed by the measurement.
Liouville equation in statistical mechanics is not applicable to gases composed of colliding molecules
Creators: name: Wang, Huai-Yu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Liouville equation is a fundamental one in statistical mechanics. It is rooted in ensemble theory. By ensemble theory, the variation of the system's microscopic state is indicated by the moving of the phase point, and the moving trajectory is believed continuous. Thus, the ensemble density is thought to be a smooth function, and it observes continuity equation. When the Hamiltonian canonical equations of the molecules are applied to the continuity equation, Liouville equation can be obtained. We carefully analyze a gas composed of a great number of molecules colliding with each other. The defects in deriving Liouville equation are found. Due to collision, molecules' momenta changes discontinuously, so that the trajectories of the phase points are actually not continuous. In statistical mechanics, infinitesimals in physics and in mathematics should be distinguished. In continuity equation that the ensemble density satisfies, the derivatives with respect to space and time should be physical infinitesimals, while in Hamiltonian canonical equations that every molecule follows, the derivatives take infinitesimals in mathematics. In the course of deriving Liouville equation, the infinitesimals in physics are unknowingly replaced by those in mathematics. The conclusion is that Liouville equation is not applicable to gases.
description: 19 pages, 1 figure
Comprensione e complessità testuale. Un'analisi linguistico computazionale della leggibilità dei testi
Creators: name: Melillo, Lorenza
Publisher: name: Universita degli studi di Salerno
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: L-LIN/01 GLOTTOLOGIA E LINGUISTICA
subject: Comprensibilità
subject: Leggibilità
subject: Indice automatico

description: 2020 - 2021
description: In questa lavoro di ricerca abbiamo analizzato testi, non strutturati, da una prospettiva lessicale e sintattica, grazie all’applicazione di un Indice di Leggibilità automatico da noi sviluppato. La prima parte del lavoro è dedicata al processo di comprensione di un testo che richiede un recupero ed una integrazione di tutte le conoscenze che il lettore possiede per la rielaborazione. Queste conoscenze sono dette enciclopediche e permettono al lettore di generare e elaborare ipotesi interpretative riguardo alle informazioni implicite del testo. Sulla base di questa considerazione possiamo sottolineare che il lettore, da un lato deve avere disponibili ed attive nella mente delle conoscenze pregresse che possono operare come “ganci” ai quali attaccare le nuove conoscenze da apprendere, dall’altro deve essere in grado di realizzare delle inferenze. .. [introduzione a cura dell'Autore]
Fluorescence transients in response to nutrient enrichment of nitrogen- and phosphorus-limited microcystis aeruginosa cultures and natural phytoplankton populations: a measure of nutrient limitation
Creators: name: Wood, Mark Desmond
name: Oliver, Roderick Lewis
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2023

description: Murray-Darling Freshwater Research Centre

MDFRC item.

This study presents the results of an investigation of the application of chlorophyll fluorescence perturbations as a bioassay for nutrient limitation in microalgae. The variable chlorophyll fluorescence (ΔF) response of Microcystis aeruginosa, chemostatically cultured under different nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) nutrient regimes, to spiking with NO3-, NH4+ and PO43-, was monitored. Differences were observed in the short-term (<10 min) fluorescence response (F) which related to the original nutrient status of the test organism. Cells growing exponentially in full nutrient media showed no transient changes in ΔF. The addition of NH4+ or NO3- to N-limited cells resulted in transient changes to ΔF, while no response was observed following the addition of PO43-. Spiking of P-limited cells with either PO43- or NH4+ resulted in transient changes to ΔF, while no response was observed for NO3-. Thus a simple, rapid, nutrient-specific assay for nutrient limitation was available for cultured cells of M. aeruginosa. When the assay was tested on field samples from the Maude Weir Pool (34º28'S,144º18'E), Murrumbidgee River, NSW, Australia, apparent nutrient limitation, either N or P, was detected. Use of microalgal fluorescence responses to nutrient spiking may allow the rapid and specific detection of nutrient limitation in both cultures and field populations of phytoplankton.
In Vivo Demonstration of Cancer Molecular Imaging with Ultrasound Radiation Force and Buried-Ligand Microbubbles
Creators: name: Borden, Mark A.
name: Streeter, Jason E.
name: Dayton, Paul A.
name: Sirsi, Shashank R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: In designing targeted contrast agent materials for imaging, the need to present a targeting ligand for recognition and binding by the target is counterbalanced by the need to minimize interactions with plasma components and to avoid recognition by the immune system. We have previously reported on a microbubble imaging probe for ultrasound molecular imaging that uses a buried-ligand surface architecture to minimize unwanted interactions and immunogenicity. Here we examine for the first time the utility of this approach for in vivo molecular imaging. In accordance with previous results, we showed a threefold increase in circulation persistence through the tumor of a fibrosarcoma model in comparison with controls. The buried-ligand microbubbles were then activated for targeted adhesion through the application of noninvasive ultrasound radiation forces applied specifically to the tumor region. Using a clinical ultrasound scanner, microbubbles were activated, imaged, and silenced. The results showed visually conspicuous images of tumor neovasculature and a twofold increase in ultrasound radiation force enhancement of acoustic contrast intensity for buried-ligand microbubbles, whereas no such increase was found for exposed-ligand microbubbles. We therefore conclude that the use of acoustically active buried-ligand microbubbles for ultrasound molecular imaging bridges the demand for low immunogenicity with the necessity of maintaining targeting efficacy and imaging conspicuity in vivo.
Renormalized solutions of nonlinear parabolic equations with general measure data
Creators: name: Petitta, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $Ω\subseteq \mathbb{R}^N$ a bounded open set, $N\geq 2$, and let $p>1$; we prove existence of a renormalized solution for parabolic problems whose model is $$ \begin{cases} u_{t}-Δ_{p} u=μ& \text{in}\ (0,T)\timesΩ,\newline u(0,x)=u_0 & \text{in}\ Ω,\newline u(t,x)=0 &\text{on}\ (0,T)\times\partialΩ, \end{cases} $$ where $T>0$ is any positive constant, $μ\in M(Q)$ is a any measure with bounded variation over $Q=(0,T)\timesΩ$, and $u_o\in L^1(Ω)$, and $-Δ_{p} u=-{\rm div} (|\nabla u|^{p-2}\nabla u )$ is the usual $p$-laplacian.
Doped rare gas clusters up to completion of first solvation shell, CO2-(Rg)n, n = 3-17, Rg = Ar, Kr, Xe
Creators: name: Barclay, A. J.
name: McKellar, A. R. W.
name: Moazzen-Ahmadi, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spectra of rare gas atom clusters containing a single carbon dioxide molecule are observed using a tunable mid-infrared (4.3 micron) source to probe a pulsed slit jet supersonic expansion. There are relatively few previous detailed experimental results on such clusters. The assigned clusters include CO2-Arn with n = 3, 4, 6, 9, 10, 11, 12, 15, and 17, as well as CO2-Krn and -Xen with n = 3, 4, and 5. Each spectrum has (at least) partially resolved rotational structure, and each yields precise values for the shift of the CO2 vibrational frequency (nu3) induced by the nearby rare gas atoms, together with one or more rotational constants. These results are compared with theoretical predictions. The more readily assigned CO2-Arn species tend to be those with symmetric structures, and CO2-Ar17 represents completion of a highly symmetric (D5h) solvation shell. Those not assigned (e.g. n = 7, 13) are probably also present in the observed spectra, but with band structures which are not well-resolved and thus not recognizable. The spectra of CO2-Ar9, -Ar15, and -Ar17 suggest the presence of sequences involving very low frequency (~2 cm-1) cluster vibrational modes, an interpretation which should be amenable to theoretical confirmation (or rejection).
description: 34 pages, 12 figures, 9 tables
title: Collision-Induced Bands of Lithium-Rare Gas Molecules
Creators: name: Wang, Wen Jong
Publisher: name: Old Dominion University Libraries
Year: 1993

description: Lithium vapor is optically excited by two-step laser excitation of the 3d state in the presence of the rare gases He, Ne, Ar, Kr, and Xe. Collision induced bands are observed in Li-Ar, Li-Kr, and Li-Xe mixtures. The bands are believed to be due to transitions to the dissociating 2s~ ground state from states above the 2p state of the Li-RG molecules. The Li-Ar, Li-Kr, and Li-Xe 3sб -2sб collision induced bands are progressively shifted, for the heavier rare gases, further to the red of the asymptotic atomic Li 3s-2s energy difference. A qualitative comparison is made between the spectra and the adiabatic potential curves calculated by Pascale and Vandeplanque, with the conclusion that the calculated potentials are not deep enough. Emission from Li 3d, 3P, and 3s states, resulting from quenching and radiative transition processes, is, also measured. From the pressure dependence of the normalized Li fluorescence intensity, rate coefficients for quenching of the atomic Li 3d and 3P states by the five gases are determined.
In Situ Labeling and Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Transplanted Human Hepatic Stem Cells
Creators: name: Tallheden, Tommi
name: Hsu, Edward
name: Wauthier, Eliane
name: McClelland, Randall
name: Reid, Lola M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: The purpose is to address the problem in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of contrast agent dilution.
Enhancing retinal images by nonlinear registration
Creators: name: Molodij, Guillaume
name: Ribak, Erez N.
name: Glanc, Marie
name: Chenegros, Guillaume
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Being able to image the human retina in high resolution opens a new era in many important fields, such as pharmacological research for retinal diseases, researches in human cognition, nervous system, metabolism and blood stream, to name a few. In this paper, we propose to share the knowledge acquired in the fields of optics and imaging in solar astrophysics in order to improve the retinal imaging at very high spatial resolution in the perspective to perform a medical diagnosis. The main purpose would be to assist health care practitioners by enhancing retinal images and detect abnormal features. We apply a nonlinear registration method using local correlation tracking to increase the field of view and follow structure evolutions using correlation techniques borrowed from solar astronomy technique expertise. Another purpose is to define the tracer of movements after analyzing local correlations to follow the proper motions of an image from one moment to another, such as changes in optical flows that would be of high interest in a medical diagnosis.
description: 21 pages, 7 figures, submitted to Optics Communications
Life history, food and habitat of Southern pygmy perch, Nannoperca australis, in the Macquarie River, Tasmania
Creators: name: Humphries, Paul
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2023

description: Murray-Darling Freshwater Research Centre

MDFRC item.

The reproductive biology, age, growth, food and habitat of Nannoperca australis are described from samples collected from fringing macrophyte beds of the Macquarie River, Tasmania. Comparisons are made with the same species at Narrandera in New South Wales and other nannopercids, mainly in south-western Australia. Nannoperca australis spawned at the end of its first year, predominantly between October and December, inclusive. The peak mean gonadosomatic index of males occurred in August at 8.0 and that of females two months later at 11.5. The largest oocytes, of running-ripe females collected in October and December, were 1.15 mm in diameter. Fecundities ranged from 78 for a 1-year-old 37-mm fish to 679 for a 2-year-old 63-mm fish. Spawning is presumed to occur in the macrophyte habitat, since adults did not emigrate from these areas at this time. Otoliths and length-frequency histograms indicated that populations were dominated by 0+ fish. Amphipods and ostracods predominated in the guts of N. australis and prey items were mostly either benthic invertebrates or plant epifauna. Plankton was consumed by small fish in greater quantities than by larger fish, whereas the opposite was true for benthic and epifaunal prey. Fish were virtually always associated with aquatic macrophytes and almost always with shallow, still water.
Ambipolar Heating of Magnetars
Creators: name: Tsuruta, Sachiko
name: Kelly, Madeline J.
name: Nomoto, Ken'ichi
name: Mori, Kanji
name: Teter, Marcus
name: Liebmann, Andrew C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetars, neutron stars thought to be with ultra-strong magnetic fields of $10^{14 - 15}$ G, are observed to be much hotter than ordinary pulsars with $\sim 10^{12}$ G, and additional heating sources are required. One possibility is heating by the ambipolar diffusion in the stellar core. This scenario is examined by calculating the models using the relativistic thermal evolutionary code without making the isothermal approximation. The results show that this scenario can be consistent with most of the observed magnetar temperature data.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures, 1 table. Accepted by the Astrophysical Journal on February 9, 2023
Btk regulates multiple stages in the development and survival of B-1 cells
Creators: name: Randle, Lindsey
name: Halcomb, Kristina E.
name: Gutierrez, Toni
name: Hinman, Rochelle M.
name: Contreras, Cristina M.
name: Clarke, Stephen H.
name: Satterthwaite, Anne B.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: B-1 cells are important players in the first line of defense against pathogens. According to current models for the origin of B-1 cells, they either represent a separate lineage from conventional B-2 cells or differentiate from conventional B-2 cells via an intermediate, B-1int, in response to positive selection by antigen. Here we show that Btk, a Tec family kinase that mediates B cell antigen receptor (BCR) signaling, is required at multiple stages of B-1 cell development. VH12 anti-phosphatidylcholine (PtC) IgH transgenic mice provide a model for the induced differentiation of B-1 cells. This transgene selects for PtC-reactive cells and induces them to adopt a B-1 phenotype. Both processes have been shown to depend on Btk. To determine whether this is secondary to a requirement for Btk in the development of mature B-2 cells, we crossed VH12 transgenic mice to mice expressing low levels of Btk. B-2 cell development occurs normally in Btklo mice despite reduced responsiveness to BCR crosslinking. Analysis of VH12.Btklo mice reveals that Btk regulates the B-1int to B-1 transition and/or the survival of splenic B-1 cells, in part via a mechanism independent of its role in BCR signaling. We also show that Btk mediates the survival of, and expression of IL-10 by, those B-1 cells that do develop and migrate to the peritoneum. Multiple roles for Btk in B-1 cell development and maintenance may explain the particular sensitivity of this population to mutations in components of Btk signaling pathways.