cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Symmetries of CMB Temperature Correlation at Large Angular Separations
Creators: name: Hagimoto, Ray
name: Hogan, Craig
name: Lewin, Collin
name: Meyer, Stephan S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new analysis is presented of the angular correlation function $C(Θ)$ of cosmic microwave background (CMB) temperature at large angular separation, based on published maps derived from {\sl WMAP} and {\sl Planck} satellite data, using different models of astrophysical foregrounds. It is found that using a common analysis, the results from the two satellites are very similar. In particular, it is found that previously published differences between measured values of $C(Θ)$ near $Θ=90^\circ$ arise mainly from different choices of masks in regions of largest Galactic emissions, and that demonstrated measurement biases are reduced by eliminating masks altogether. Maps from both satellites are shown to agree with $C(90^\circ)=0$ to within estimated statistical and systematic errors, consistent with an exact symmetry predicted in a new holographic quantum model of inflation.
description: resubmitted to ApJ Letters, with revisions in response to referee comments
Semiflow selection for the compressible Navier-Stokes system
Creators: name: Basarić, Danica
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Although the existence of dissipative weak solutions for the compressible Navier-Stokes system has already been established for any finite energy initial data, uniqueness is still an open problem. The idea is then to select a solution satisfying the semigroup property, an important feature of systems with uniqueness. More precisely, we are going to prove the existence of a semiflow selection in terms of the three state variables: the density, the momentum and the energy. Finally, we will show that it is possible to introduce a new selection defined only in terms of the initial density and momentum; however, the price to pay is that the semigroup property will hold almost everywhere in time.
description: typos corrected, Sections 3 and 4.1 rearranged, reference added, results unchanged. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1901.04798 by other authors
Synthesis of a Chemical Probe for RNA Aptamer
Creators: name: Corbo, Holli Fay
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2021
Subjects: Aptamer
RNA
probe
chemistry

description: Aptamers are short single-stranded oligonucleotide molecules that can bind at site-specific sequences of a desired target. Synthetically synthesized chemical probes allow researchers to monitor site-specific interactions of RNA aptamers. However, probes of quality are difficult to produce and require substantial resources and funding. In this study, we develop a chemical probe for intended use in conjunction with Peppers, a promising RNA aptamer (Chenn et al., 2019). (4-((2-hydroxyethyl)(methyl)amino)-benzylidene)-cyanophenyl-acetonitrile (HBC), was synthesized in a series of 5 steps; reduction of a carboxylic acid by LAH to yield a primary alcohol, mild oxidation with DMP, Knoevenagel Condensation with an aldehyde and cyano-compound, N-alkylation, and deprotection. This aromatic acetonitrile is an electron acceptor that maintains rigidity and molecular structure for specific binding with Peppers. High binding affinity and thermal stability of this probe are advantageous compared to previously developed probes. The target molecule is desirable as it offers imaging of live cellular RNAs and their complex chemical nature in vivo (e.g., splicing, degradation, translocation.)
Dual solvent-catalyst role of deep eutectic solvents in Hantzsch dihydropyridine synthesis
Creators: name: Shaibuna, M.
name: K. Sreekumar
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Deep eutectic solvents are a class of new generation green solvents formed from two or more components, which furnish a new homogeneous liquid phase with lower melting point than the individual components. Here, for the first time, dual role of DES as catalyst and reaction medium was studied for the synthesis of symmetric dihydropyridine derivatives from aldehyde, ethyl acetoacetate and ammonium acetate. The present article reports the suitability of six DESs for Hantzsch dihydropyridine synthesis at room temperature. Among this, DES 2 (ZrOCl2.8H2O and ethylene glycol at 1:2 ratio) was found to be the catalyst of choice with excellent recyclability. The role of DES in the present protocol was to activate the reactants through strong hydrogen bonding interaction and provide suitable medium for the reaction. The major advantages of DESs for the titled reaction are the easy preparation, low cost, non-volatility, biodegradability, simple catalytic process, excellent conversion and the reusability.
Book Reviews
Creators: name: Klosky, Patricia
name: White, T. Kelley
name: Peterson, E. Wesley F.
name: Klosky, Patricia
name: White, T. Kelley
name: Peterson, E. Wesley F.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1996
Subjects: Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession

description: Books reviewed include: AGECONCD; The Emerging Global Food System by Gerald E. Gaull and Ray A. Goldberg; Sustainable Agriculture in the American Midwest: Lessons from the Past, Prospects for the Future by Gregory McIsaac and William R. Edwards
What Determines the Sizes of Bars in Spiral Galaxies?
Creators: name: Erwin, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I use volume- and mass-limited subsamples and recently published data from the Spitzer Survey of Stellar Structure in Galaxies (S4G) to investigate how the size of bars depends on galaxy properties. The known correlation between bar semi-major-axis $a$ and galaxy stellar mass (or luminosity) is actually *bimodal*: for $\log M_{\star} < 10.1$, bar size is almost independent of stellar mass ($a \propto M_{\star}^{0.1}$), while it is a strong function for higher masses ($a \propto M_{\star}^{0.6}$). Bar size is a slightly stronger function of galaxy half-light radius $r_{e}$ and (especially) exponential disc scale length $h$ ($a \propto h^{0.8}$). Correlations between stellar mass and galaxy size can explain the bar-size--$M_{\star}$ correlation -- but only for galaxies with $\log M_{\star} < 10.1$; at higher masses, there is an extra dependence of bar size on $M_{\star}$ itself. Despite theoretical arguments that the presence of gas can affect bar growth, there is no evidence for any residual dependence of bar size on (present-day) gas mass fraction. The traditional dependence of bar size on Hubble type (longer bars in early-type discs) can be explained as a side-effect of stellar-mass--Hubble-type correlations. Finally, I show that galaxy size ($r_{e}$ or $h$) can be modeled as a function of stellar mass and both bar presence and bar size: barred galaxies tend to be more extended than unbarred galaxies of the same mass, with larger bars correlated with larger sizes.
description: Revised with final proof corrections; pdflatex, 14 pages, 11 figures; to appear in MNRAS. Data, code, and Jupyter notebooks available at https://github.com/perwin/s4g_barsizes
Estimating the benefits of plant breeding research: methodological issues and practical challenges
Creators: name: Morris, M.L.
name: Heisey, P.W.
name: Morris, M.L.
name: Heisey, P.W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Agricultural research
subject: Agricultural research evaluation
subject: Plant breeding research
subject: Impact assessment
subject: Economic analysis

description: Impact assessment studies consistently show that the benefits generated by plant breeding are large, positive and widely distributed. Numerous case studies have concluded that investment in plant breeding research generates attractive rates of return compared to alternative investment opportunities, that welfare gains resulting from the adoption of modern varieties (MVs) reach both favoured and marginal environments, and that benefits are broadly shared by producers and consumers. But just how reliable are the results of studies that estimate the benefits of plant breeding research? This article reviews methods used to estimate the benefits of plant breeding research and discusses theoretical and empirical issues that often receive inadequate attention in applied impact assessment work. Our objective is not to question the validity of the theoretical frameworks commonly used to estimate the benefits of plant breeding research, but rather to examine problems that can arise when the widely accepted theoretical frameworks are used for empirical analysis. Most of these problems can be grouped into three basic categories: ( 1) problems associated with measuring adoption and diffusion of MV s, (2) problems associated with estimating benefits attributable to adoption ofMVs, and (3) problems associated with assigning credit among the various plant breeding programmes that participated in developing the MVs. © 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Used sequences and supplemental figures from Rediscovery and systematics of the enigmatic genus Helicostoa reveals a new species of sessile freshwater snail with remarkable sexual dimorphism
Creators: name: Zhang, Le-Jia
name: Shi, Zi-Ang
name: Chen, Zhe-Yu
name: von Rintelen, Thomas
name: Zhang, Wei
name: Lou, Zheng-Jie
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 310399
subject: Ecology not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 310401
subject: Animal systematics and taxonomy
classificationCode: 310411
subject: Plant and fungus systematics and taxonomy
classificationCode: 310499
subject: Evolutionary biology not elsewhere classified

description: Sequences used for the phylogeny, Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of the attached part, Shell of Helicostoa liuae, SEM photo of the radula of Helicostoa liuae
Polypedilum (Pentapedilum) robusticeps Oyewo & Saether 2008, comb. n.
Creators: name: Oyewo, Emmanuel Adeoye
name: Saether, Ole A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Chironomidae
Polypedilum
Polypedilum robusticeps

description: Polypedilum (Pentapedilum) robusticeps (Guha et Chaudhuri) comb. n.
(Fig. 29)
 Pentapedilum robusticeps Guha et Chaudhuri, 1985: 195.
 Material examined. INDIA: West Bengal, Palasi, paratype male, 18.viii.1986, S. Chattobadhyay (ZSM); West Bengal, Bastar, paratype male, 7.iv.1980, S. Ahmed (ZSM).
 Diagnostic characters. Among species with numerous setae on the wing membrane, uniformly colored abdomen, foretibial scale without spur, base of superior volsella without microtrichia and with 4–5 inner setae, the species can be distinguished by having the lateral seta of the projection of the superior volsella placed basally, scutellum with 25–27 setae, and brachiolum with 7–8 setae.
 Male (n = 2)
Total length not measurable; 3.24 mm according to Guha and Chaudhuri (1985). Wing length 1.83–2.00 mm. Wing length / length of profemur 1.95–2.18. Brown.
 Head. AR 1.98 (1). Ultimate flagellomere 813 (1) µm long.
 Thorax. Acrostichals 14, dorsocentrals 34–39, prealars 4. Scutellum with 25–27 setae.
 Wing (Fig. 29A). Anal lobe well developed. VR 1.18–1.43. Brachiolum with 7–8 setae, R with 59–62, R 1 with 79–86, R 4+5 with 77–87, Sc with 58–69, RM with 1–3, M with 19–22, M 1+2 with 65–85, M 3+4 with 31–63, Cu with 34–72, Cu 1 with 24–26, PCu with 97–124, An with 32–35 setae. Cells r 4+5, m 1+2, m 3+4, cell m basal of RM and cu plus an each with numerous macrotrichia. Squama with 9–14 setae.
 Legs. Scale on foretibia (Fig. 29B) 45–48 µm long, rounded, without apical spur. Spurs on midtibia 66–70 µm long, on hind tibia 66–69 µm long. Comb on midtibia 25–30 µm long, combs on hind tibia 14–32 µm and 29–30 µm long. Width at apex of foretibia 57–61 µm, of midtibia 51–55 µm, of hind tibia 62–69 µm. Length and proportions of legs as in Table 37.
 Hypopygium (Fig. 29E). Tergite IX with 14–15 median setae, laterosternite IX with 5 setae. Anal point stout, 76–90 µm long, 18–19 µm wide at base, nearly parallel-sided towards 17–18 µm wide, blunt apex. Transverse sternapodeme 39–57 µm long; phallapodeme 100–120 µm long. Gonocoxite 183–212 µm long. Superior volsella (Fig. 29C, D) 57–67 µm long, base bare with 4–5 inner setae, projection may be slightly curved at apex, with 1 lateral seta. Inferior volsella (Fig. 29F) 86–99 µm long.
 Remarks. The AR is 1.98, not 3.00; the HR is higher than 1.00, not 0.57, as stated by Guha and Chaudhuri (1985). Their illustration of the hypopygium is also inaccurate and it is not impossible that their type series were mixed.
 Distribution. Only known from India.
description: Published as part of Oyewo, Emmanuel Adeoye & Saether, Ole A., 2008, Revision of Polypedilum (Pentapedilum) Kieffer and Ainuyusurika Sasa et Shirasaki (Diptera: Chironomidae), pp. 1-145 in Zootaxa 1953 on page 91
The economic impact of productivity maintenance research: breeding for leaf rust resistance in modern wheat*
Creators: name: Marasas, C.N.
name: Smale, M.
name: Singh, R.P.
name: Marasas, C.N.
name: Smale, M.
name: Singh, R.P.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: Economic impact
subject: Productivity maintenance research
subject: Leaf rust
subject: Rate of return analysis
subject: Developing countries
subject: Wheat

description: This paper reports the results of a study undertaken to estimate the economic impact in developing countries of efforts by the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT) to breed leaf rust resistant spring bread wheat varieties since 1973. The challenge in estimating these benefits lies in the pathogen's ability to mutate to new races, which may infect previously resistant varieties. Genetic resistance, rather than fungicide application, is the principal means of controlling leaf rust in developing countries. Whereas productivity enhancement is often estimated in terms of yield gains and increased supply, productivity maintenance is measured in terms of the yield losses avoided by the research investment. The internal rate of return on CIMMYT's research investment was estimated at 41%. When discounted by 5%, the net present value was US$ 5.36 billion in 1990 dollars, and the benefit-cost ratio was 27:1. These findings emphasise the economic importance of maintenance research in crop breeding programs. © 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
The magnetization process in the 2-dimensional J_1-J_2 model
Creators: name: Fledderjohann, A.
name: Muetter, K. -H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the alpha = J_2/J_1-dependence of the magnetization process in the J_1-J_2 model on a square lattice with frustrating couplings J_2 along the diagonals. Perturbation expansions around alpha=J_2/J_1=0 and 1/alpha=0$ yield an adequate description of the magnetization curve in the antiferromagnetic and collinear antiferromagnetic phase, respectively. The transition from one phase to the other (0.5 < alpha < 0.7) leaves pronounced structures in the longitudinal and transverse structure factors at p=(pi,pi) and p=(0,pi).
description: 10 pages, 10 figures, RevTex
The economic costs and benefits of a participatory project to conserve maize landraces on farms in Oaxaca, Mexico*
Creators: name: Smale, M.
name: Bellon, Mauricio R.
name: Aguirre, J.A.
name: Rosas, I. Manuel
name: Mendoza, Jorge
name: Solano, A.M.
name: Martinez, R.
name: Ramirez, A.
name: Berthaud, Julien
name: Smale, M.
name: Bellon, Mauricio R.
name: Aguirre, J.A.
name: Rosas, I. Manuel
name: Mendoza, Jorge
name: Solano, A.M.
name: Martinez, R.
name: Ramirez, A.
name: Berthaud, Julien
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Production Economics
subject: Maize
subject: On-farm conservation
subject: Participatory plant breeding
subject: Costs and benefits
subject: Mexico

description: Conventional methods were used to assess the benefits and costs of an unconventional project whose purpose was to test whether participatory crop improvement can encourage Mexican farmers to continue growing maize landraces by enhancing their current use value. Findings suggest that farmers as a group earned a high benefit-cost ratio from participating, though from the perspective of the private investor the returns were low. The project also generated social benefits, but these would be difficult (and costly) to measure. There was a gender bias in both participation and benefits distributions, though there is some evidence of a welfare transfer to maize deficit households. Application of other valuation approaches will be necessary in order to assess both the private and social benefits of similar projects. © 2003 Elsevier B. V. All rights reserved.
Theory of magnetostriction for multipolar quantum spin ice in pyrochlore materials
Creators: name: Patri, Adarsh S.
name: Hosoi, Masashi
name: Lee, SungBin
name: Kim, Yong Baek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Multipolar magnetism is an emerging field of quantum materials research. The building blocks of multipolar phenomena are magnetic ions with a non-Kramers doublet, where the orbital and spin degrees of freedom are inextricably intertwined, leading to unusual spin-orbital entangled states. The detection of such subtle forms of matter has, however, been difficult due to a limited number of appropriate experimental tools. In this work, motivated by a recent magnetostriction experiment on Pr$_2$Zr$_2$O$_7$, we theoretically investigate how multipolar quantum spin ice, an elusive three dimensional quantum spin liquid, and other multipolar ordered phases in the pyrochlore materials can be detected using magnetostriction. We provide theoretical results based on classical and/or quantum studies of non-Kramers and Kramers magnetic ions, and contrast the behaviors of distinct phases in both systems. Our work paves an important avenue for future identification of exotic ground states in multipolar systems.
description: 10 pages, 12 pages Supplementary Information (including References)
Measurement of the Hadronic Photon Structure Function F2gamma at LEP2
Creators: name: The OPAL Collaboration
name: Abbiendi, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The hadronic structure of the photon F2gamma is measured as a function of Bjorken x and of the photon virtuality Q2 using deep-inelastic scattering data taken by the OPAL detector at LEP at e+e- centre-of-mass energies from 183 to 209 GeV. Previous OPAL measurements of the x dependence of F2gamma are extended to an average Q2 of =780GeV2 using data in the kinematic range 0.15 < x < 0.98. The Q2 evolution of F2gamma is studied for 12.1 < < 780GeV2 using three ranges of x. As predicted by QCD, the data show positive scaling violations in F2gamma for the central x region 0.10-0.60. Several parameterisations of F2gamma are in qualitative agreement with the measurements whereas the quark-parton model prediction fails to describe the data.
description: 23 pages, 5 figures, Submitted to Phys. Lett. B
MOESM3 of Infective endocarditis according to type 2 diabetes mellitus status: an observational study in Spain, 2001–2015
Creators: name: Miguel-Yanes, José
name: Jiménez-García, Rodrigo
name: Hernández-Barrera, Valentín
name: Miguel-Díez, Javier
name: Méndez-Bailón, Manuel
name: Muñoz-Rivas, Nuria
name: Napoleón Pérez-Farinós
name: López-De-Andrés, Ana
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 3: Table S2. Absolute standardized differences before and after Propensity Score Matching (PSM).
Nanoceria as an efficient and green catalyst for the chemoselective N-tert-butyloxycarbonylation of amines under the solvent-free conditions
Creators: name: Ingale, Ajit P.
name: Dattatraya Ukale
name: Dnyaneshwar N. Garad
name: Shinde, Sandeep V.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Nanocerium oxide mediated an efficient and green protocol has been described for the chemoselective N-tert-butyloxycarbonylation of amines under the solvent-free conditions at ambient temperature. Various aliphatic, aromatic and heteroaromatic amines were protected using developed protocol and several functional groups such as alcohol, phenol and ester were well tolerated under these conditions. The rapid reaction rate, mild conditions, very good functional group tolerance, excellent yield, solvent-free, easy recovery products and excellent catalyst recyclability are the advantages of this protocol. This makes the protocol feasible, economical and environmentally benign.
Variety of order-by-disorder phases in the asymmetric $J_1-J_2$ zigzag ladder: From the delta chain to the $J_1-J_2$ chain
Creators: name: Yamaguchi, Tomoki
name: Drechsler, Stefan-Ludwig
name: Ohta, Yukinori
name: Nishimoto, Satoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study an asymmetric $J_1$-$J_2$ zigzag ladder consisting of two different spin-$\frac{1}{2}$ antiferromagnetic (AFM; $J_2$, $γJ_2>0$) Heisenberg legs coupled by zigzag-shaped ferromagnetic (FM; $J_1<0$) inter-leg interaction. On the basis of density-matrix renormalization group based calculations the ground-state phase diagram is obtained as functions of $γ$ and $J_2/|J_1|$. It contains four kinds of frustration-induced ordered phases except a trivial FM phase. Two of the ordered phases are valence bond solid (VBS) with spin-singlet dimerization, which is a rather conventional order by disorder. Still, it is interesting to note that the VBS states possess an Affleck-Kennedy-Lieb-Tasaki-type topological hidden order. The remaining two phases are ferrimagnetic orders, each of which is distinguished by commensurate or incommensurate spin-spin correlation. It is striking that the ferrimagnetic orders are not associated with geometrical symmetry breaking; instead, the global spin-rotation symmetry is broken. In other words, the system lowers its energy via the FM inter-leg interaction by polarizing both of the AFM Heisenberg legs. This is a rare type of order by disorder. Besides, the incommensurate ferrimagnetic state appears as a consequence of the competition between a polarization and a critical Tomonaga-Luttinger-liquid behavior in the AFM Heisenberg legs.
description: 18 pages, 17 figures
The distribution of benefits from public international germplasm banks: the case of beans in Latin America
Creators: name: Johnson, N.L.
name: Pachico, D.
name: Voysest, O.
name: Johnson, N.L.
name: Pachico, D.
name: Voysest, O.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Public Economics
subject: Genetic resource conservation
subject: Crop varietal improvement
subject: Beans
subject: Latin America

description: The unrestricted international flow of genetic resources from international genebank collections is the source of perhaps one of the greatest impacts of international agricultural research. This paper examines the distribution across countries in Latin America of benefits generated from bean genetic resources held by the International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT). The genealogies of commercial bean cultivars released since 1976, containing materials from the collection, are analysed to calculate for each country the source of the genetic resources used. All countries in the region are shown to be heavily dependent on imported genetic resources for their commercial cultivars. From the available information on the economic impact of these improved bean varieties, the share of economic productivity benefits associated with imported germplasm by country of origin is calculated. The benefits received by each country from improved bean germplasm are compared with the contribution of that country's germplasm to other countries. Some of the patterns in the flow and use of genetic resources are analysed. © 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
title: Klinische Phänotypen bei adipösen Patient*innen mit Binge-Eating Störung, Individuen mit Adipositas und gesunden Kontrollen im Vergleich
Creators: name: Sommer, Laura Marie
Publisher: name: Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU)
Year: 2025

description: Hintergrund: Adipositas (OB von englisch „obese“) ist eine häufige Komorbidität der Binge-Eating Störung (BED von englisch „binge-eating disorder“). Dies legt nahe, dass beide Erkrankungen phänotypische Eigenschaften im Hinblick auf Essverhalten gemein haben. Jedoch zeigen bisherige Untersuchungen zu diesem Thema inkonsistente Ergebnisse. Das Ziel der Studie „Two of a Kind? Mapping the Psychopathological Space between Obesity with and without Binge Eating Disorder” zu Deutsch „Klinische Phänotypen bei adipösen Patient*innen mit Binge-Eating Störung, Individuen mit Adipositas und gesunden Kontrollen im Vergleich“ war, einen umfangreichen Vergleich von adipösen Patient*innen mit BED mit adipösen Personen ohne BED und gesunden, normalgewichtigen Kontrollpersonen im Hinblick auf Psychopathologien, essensbezogenen Eigenschaften und frühen Lebenserfahrungen aufzustellen. Methoden: OB-BED Patienten (n=37), OB Personen (n=50) und gesunde Kontrollen (CO) (n=44) bearbeiteten eine Serie standardisierter Fragebögen. Die OB-BED Patienten waren hierbei alles Personen, bei denen die Diagnose BED bereits gestellt wurde. Die Rekrutierung fand unter stationären und ambulanten Patient*innen der psychosomatischen Abteilung des Universitätklinikums Erlangen statt. OB und CO wurden unter Universitätsklinik-mitarbeitenden und Studierenden, sowie Patient*innen der Abteilung für Psychosomatik rekrutiert. Die Antworten der Fragebögen wurden durch univariate Vergleiche und Analysen zur Dimensionalitätsreduktion (lineare Diskriminanzanalyse „LDA“) analysiert. Ergebnis: Die OB-BED zeigten in mehreren Antwortkategorien die höchsten Werte, zum Beispiel bei Depression, Stress-Essen und Emotionales Essen, „food addiction“ und „food craving“. In Bezug auf kindliche Traumatisierung oder Bindungsstilen konnte kein Unterschied zwischen OB-BED und OB festgestellt werden. Mittels LDA konnte eine zweidimensionale Unterscheidung zwischen gesunden Kontrollen gegenüber OB und OB-BED im Hinblick auf problematisches Essverhalten, Depression, negativer Kindheitserfahrungen aufgestellt werden. Ebenso unterschieden sich OB-BED von den anderen beiden Gruppen bezüglich Tendenzen des emotionalen Essens und Schwierigkeiten der Selbstregulierung. Conclusio: Die Ergebnisse unterstützen die Vorstellung eines gemeinsamen Spektrums von essensbezogenen Störungen auf dem sich OB-BED und OB bewegen. Gleichzeitig scheint es wichtig, bestimmte Unterscheidungen zu treffen, um BED bei adipösen Patienten zu erkennen und zu behandeln.
Medical competence as a multilayered construct
Creators: name: Cate, Olle ten
name: KHURSIGARA SLATTERY, NATASHA
name: L. Cruess, Richard
name: Hamstra, Stanley J.
name: Steinert, Yvonne
name: Sternszus, Robert
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 42
subject: Health sciences
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Background: The conceptualisation of medical competence is central to its use in competency-based medical education. Calls for ‘fixed standards’ with ‘flexible path-ways’, recommended in recent reports, require competence to be well defined. Making competence explicit and measurable has, however, been difficult, in part due to a tension between the need for standardisation and the acknowledgment that medical professionals must also be valued as unique individuals. To address these conflicting demands, a multilayered conceptualisation of competence is proposed, with implications for the definition of standards and approaches to assessment.The model: Three layers are elaborated. This first is a core layer of canonical knowledge and skill, ‘that, which every professional should possess’, independent of the context of practice. The second layer is context-dependent knowledge, skill, and attitude, visible through practice in health care. The third layer of personalised competence includes personal skills, interests, habits and convictions, integrated with one's personality. This layer, discussed with reference to Vygotsky's concept of Perezhivanie, cognitive load theory, self-determination theory and Maslow's ‘self-actualisation’, may be regarded as the art of medicine.We propose that fully matured professional competence requires all three layers, but that the assessment of each layer is different.Implications: The assessment of canonical knowledge and skills (Layer 1) can be approached with classical psychometric conditions, that is, similar tests, circumstances and criteria for all. Context-dependent medical competence (Layer 2) must be assessed differently, because conditions of assessment across candidates cannot be standardised. Here, multiple sources of information must be merged and intersubjective expert agreement should ground decisions about progression and level of clinical autonomy of trainees. Competence as the art of medicine (Layer 3) cannot be standardised and should not be assessed with the purpose of permission to practice. The pursuit of personal excellence in this level, however, can be recognised and rewarded.
Impact of Cosmic-Ray Feedback on Accretion and Chemistry in Circumstellar Disks
Creators: name: Offner, S. S. R.
name: Gaches, B. A. L.
name: Holdship, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the gas-grain chemistry code UCLCHEM to explore the impact of cosmic-ray feedback on the chemistry of circumstellar disks. We model the attenuation and energy losses of the cosmic-rays as they propagate outwards from the star and also consider ionization due to stellar radiation and radionuclides. For accretion rates typical of young stars, $\dot M_* \sim 10^{-9}-10^{-6}$ M_\odot yr$^{-1}$, we show that cosmic rays accelerated by the stellar accretion shock produce a cosmic-ray ionization rate at the disk surface $ζ\gtrsim 10^{-15}$ s$^{-1}$, at least an order of magnitude higher than the ionization rate associated with the Galactic cosmic-ray background. The incident cosmic-ray flux enhances the disk ionization at intermediate to high surface densities ($Σ> 10$ g cm$^{-2}$) particularly within 10 au of the star. We find the dominant ions are C$^+$, S$^+$ and Mg$^+$ in the disk surface layers, while the H$_3^+$ ion dominates at surface densities above 1.0 g cm$^{-2}$. We predict the radii and column densities at which the magneto-rotational instability (MRI) is active in T Tauri disks and show that ionization by cosmic-ray feedback extends the MRI-active region towards the disk mid-plane. However, the MRI is only active at the mid-plane of a minimum mass solar nebula disk if cosmic-rays propagate diffusively ($ζ\propto r^{-1}$) away from the star. The relationship between accretion, which accelerates cosmic rays, the dense accretion columns, which attenuate cosmic rays, and the MRI, which facilitates accretion, create a cosmic-ray feedback loop that mediates accretion and may produce luminosity variability.
description: 19 pages, 9 figures, accepted to ApJ
title: 01_1386
Creators: name: Wesley Baldwin, John
name: Baldwin, John W.
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: L'ensemble de ces notes ont été crée par John Baldwin lors d'une de ses premières périodes de résidence à Paris. Ces documents comprennent tous les magistri qu’il avait pu rencontrer dans ses sources. Aux XIIème et XIIIème siècles, les universités n'existant pas encore, le titre de magister s'il évoque certainement une compétence n'est pas rattaché de façon systématique au passage par les écoles. De surcroît, les magistris sont le plus souvent désignés par leur seul prénom. La lecture de ces données est donc difficile et suppose un long travail pour tenter d'identifier un individu auquel on pourrait rattacher plusieurs mentions. John Baldwin avait donc renoncé à utiliser ces données pour donner un prolongement à sa magnifique étude sur les gradués d'université et leur emploi par les Capétiens et les Plantagenêts. Néanmoins, il a conservé ces données et elles sont potentiellement très utile dans le cadre de Studium, comme le sont toutes les mentions dans les volumes des Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae de chanoines portant ce titre de magister sans autres précisions. L'ampleur des dépouillements rend ces données très utiles et nous devons une grande reconnaissance à John Baldwin pour avoir pris la peine de faire photocopier ses fiches et de nous les avoir transmises amicalement.
Les données ainsi que les images des fiches sont accessibles sur le site Internet à l'adresse suivante : http://studium-baldwin.lamop.fr/.
Les transcriptions des fiches ont été effectuées par des étudiants de Paris 1 Panthéon - Sorbonne mais elles n'ont pas été corrigées par la suite.
description: Relation: https://lamop.hypotheses.org/
MOESM2 of Infective endocarditis according to type 2 diabetes mellitus status: an observational study in Spain, 2001–2015
Creators: name: Miguel-Yanes, José
name: Jiménez-García, Rodrigo
name: Hernández-Barrera, Valentín
name: Miguel-Díez, Javier
name: Méndez-Bailón, Manuel
name: Muñoz-Rivas, Nuria
name: Napoleón Pérez-Farinós
name: López-De-Andrés, Ana
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2: Table S1. Diagnosis and procedures analyzed with their corresponding ICD-9-CM codes.
Novel critical field in magneto-resistance oscillation of 2DEG in asymmetric GaAs/AlGaAs double wells measured as a function of the in-plane magnetic field
Creators: name: Svoboda, P.
name: Krupko, Y.
name: Smrcka, L.
name: Cukr, M.
name: Jungwirth, T.
name: Jansen, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have investigated the magnetoresistance of strongly asymmetric double-well structures formed by a thin AlGaAs barrier grown far from the interface in the GaAs buffer of standard heterostructures. In magnetic fields oriented parallel to the electron layers, the magnetoresistance exhibits an oscillation associated with the depopulation of the higher occupied subband and with the field-induced transition into a decoupled bilayer. In addition, the increasing field transfers electrons from the triangular to rectangular well and, at high enough field value, the triangular well is emptied. Consequently, the electronic system becomes a single layer which leads to a sharp step in the density of electron states and to an additional minimum in the magnetoresistance curve.
description: 3 pages, 3 figures
The economic costs of conserving genetic resources at the CGIAR centres
Creators: name: Koo, Bonwoo
name: Pardey, Philip G.
name: Wright, Brian D.
name: Koo, Bonwoo
name: Pardey, Philip G.
name: Wright, Brian D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Production Economics
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Ex situ conservation
subject: Genebank management
subject: Conservation cost
subject: Trust fund
subject: CGIAR

description: The 11 genebanks of the Consultative Group on International Agriculture (CGIAR) have grown considerably in size over the past few decades, currently holding about 666,000 accessions of germplasm. Conserving germplasm is a very long run, if not in perpetuity, proposition. The mismatch between the mainly annual funding support for this conservation effort and its very long-term nature and intent is a serious concern. Using the results of five CGIAR genebank case studies (accounting for 87% of the total CGIAR genebank holdings), we estimate the size of an endowment or trust fund that would be required to assure a funding stream to conserve this genetic material for future generations. The annual cost (in year 2000 US$) of conserving and distributing the genetic material presently held in all11 CGIAR genebanks is estimated to be 5.7 million US$ (mUS$), which could be maintained for all future generations by setting aside a fund of 149 mUS$ (invested at a real rate of interest of 4% per annum). This would be sufficient to underwrite the costs for the CGIAR's current conservation activities in perpetuity (estimated to be 61 mUS$), as well as the cost of maintaining the distribution activities (88 mUS$) that provide germplasm to breeders, scientists, farmers and others world wide. © 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Polypedilum (Pentapedilum) scirpicola
Creators: name: Oyewo, Emmanuel Adeoye
name: Saether, Ole A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Chironomidae
Polypedilum
Polypedilum scirpicola

description: Polypedilum (Pentapedilum) scirpicola (Kieffer)
(Fig. 31)
 Pentapedilum scirpicola Kieffer, 1921a: 76.
 Polypedilum (Pentapedilum) nubens (Edwards); Ashe and Cranston (1990: 301).
 Material examined. GERMANY: Eastern Holstein, holotype male, 8.viii.1918, A. Thienemann (ZSM).
 Diagnostic characters. The male can be separated from other species with numerous setae on the wing membrane, uniformly colored abdomen, foretibial scale with spur, base of superior volsella bare and projection curved, by having the seta on the superior volsella projection placed in basal half, inferior volsella not clubbed, and wing cell m basal of RM with numerous macrotrichia. The species is very similar to P. (Pe.) longisetum , which, however, has a clubbed inferior volsella and wing cell m basal of RM with only about 40 macrotrichia.
 Male (n = 1)
Total length not measurable. Wing length 2.48 mm. Wing length / length of profemur 2.27. Thorax dark brown, abdominal segments, femur, tibia and tarsi brown.
 Head (Fig. 31A). AR 2.04. Ultimate flagellomere 979 µm long. Temporal setae 19 including 7 inner verticals, 7 outer verticals, and 5 postorbitals. Clypeus with 33 setae. Tentorium 167 µm long, 7 µm wide at posterior tentorial pit. Stipes not discernible. Palpomere lengths (in µm): 55, 65, 207, 195, fifth palpomere lacking.
 Thorax (Fig. 31B). Acrostichals 11, dorsocentrals 37, prealars 12. Scutellum with 14 setae.
 Wing. Anal lobe developed. VR 1.00. Brachiolum with 9 setae, R with 137, R 1 with 89, R 4+5 with 157, Sc with 112, RM with 4, M with 31, M 1+2 with 146, M 3+4 with 104, Cu with 81, Cu 1 with 61, PCu with 140, An with 17 setae. Cells r 4+5, m 1+2, m 3+4, cell m basal of RM; cu plus an with dense macrotrichia. Squama with 10 setae.
 Legs. Scale on foretibia (Fig. 31C) including minute apical spur 57 µm long. Spurs on midtibia (Fig. 31D) 69 µm long, on hind tibia (Fig. 31E) 69 µm long. Comb on midtibia 24 µm long, combs on hind tibia 26 µm and 21 µm long. Width at apex of foretibia 65 µm, of midtibia 71 µm, of hind tibia 78 µm. Length and proportions of legs as in Table 39.
 Hypopygium (Figs 31F). Tergite IX with 29 median setae, laterosternite IX with 3 setae. Anal point 95 µm long, 17 µm wide at base, nearly parallel-sided towards 15 µm wide apex. Transverse sternapodeme 87 µm long; phallapodeme 127 µm long. Gonocoxite 217 µm long. Superior volsella (Fig. 31H) 98 µm long, base bare with 5 inner setae, projection with 1 dorsolateral seta. Inferior volsella (Fig. 31G) 121 µm long, nearly parallel-sided, with prominent apical seta. Gonostylus 171 µm long. HR 1.26.
 Distribution. Known only from Germany.
description: Published as part of Oyewo, Emmanuel Adeoye & Saether, Ole A., 2008, Revision of Polypedilum (Pentapedilum) Kieffer and Ainuyusurika Sasa et Shirasaki (Diptera: Chironomidae), pp. 1-145 in Zootaxa 1953 on pages 95-97
Heterogeneous gold(I)-catalyzed hydroamination of allenamides with arylamines toward allylamino E-enamides
Creators: name: Minhua Jiang
name: Dayi Liu
name: Mingzhong Cai
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: A novel and highly efficient heterogeneous gold(I)-catalyzed hydroamination of allenamides with arylamines has been developed that proceeds effectively under mild conditions and offers a general and practical route for the synthesis of allylamino E-enamides with good to excellent yields and high stereoselectivity. The supported gold(I) catalyst can be reused at least seven times without any apparent decrease in the catalytic activity.
Data Engineering for the Analysis of Semiconductor Manufacturing Data
Creators: name: Turney, Peter D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.6; I.5.2; I.5.4; J.2

description: We have analyzed manufacturing data from several different semiconductor manufacturing plants, using decision tree induction software called Q-YIELD. The software generates rules for predicting when a given product should be rejected. The rules are intended to help the process engineers improve the yield of the product, by helping them to discover the causes of rejection. Experience with Q-YIELD has taught us the importance of data engineering -- preprocessing the data to enable or facilitate decision tree induction. This paper discusses some of the data engineering problems we have encountered with semiconductor manufacturing data. The paper deals with two broad classes of problems: engineering the features in a feature vector representation and engineering the definition of the target concept (the classes). Manufacturing process data present special problems for feature engineering, since the data have multiple levels of granularity (detail, resolution). Engineering the target concept is important, due to our focus on understanding the past, as opposed to the more common focus in machine learning on predicting the future.
description: 10 pages
Microstructure synthesis using style-based generative adversarial network
Creators: name: Fokina, Daria
name: Muravleva, Ekaterina
name: Ovchinnikov, George
name: Oseledets, Ivan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Work considers the usage of StyleGAN architecture for the task of microstructure synthesis. The task is the following: given number of samples of structure we try to generate similar samples at the same time preserving its properties. Since the considered architecture is not able to produce samples of sizes larger than the training images, we propose to use image quilting to merge fixed-sized samples. One of the key features of the considered architecture is that it uses multiple image resolutions. We also investigate the necessity of such an approach.
Observation of B to K_S^0 pi+ pi- and Evidence for B to K*pm pi mp
Creators: name: Eckhart, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on a search for charmless hadronic B decays to the three-body final states, K0S h+ pi-, K+ h- pi0, K0S h+ pi0 (h+- denotes a charged pion or kaon), and their charge conjugates, using 13.5 fb^{-1} of integrated luminosity produced with center-of-mass energies near 10.6 GeV, and collected with the CLEO detector. We observe the decay B --> K0 pi+ pi- with a branching fraction (50 +10-9(stat.) +-7(syst.)) x 10^{-6} and the decay B --> K*+(892) pi- with a branching fraction (16 +6-5(stat.) +-2(syst.)) x 10^{-6}.
description: 11 pages postscript, also available through http://w4.lns.cornell.edu/public/CLNS, submitted to PRL
title: Niedertemperatur-Wasserstofffreisetzung aus flüssigen organischen Wasserstoffträgern
Creators: name: Skeledzic, Tanja
Publisher: name: Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU)
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: LOHC

description: Der Einsatz von Wasserstoff als wichtiger Baustein der Energiewende ist unumstritten. Aus diesem Grund werden verschiedene Konzepte entwickelt, Wasserstoff sicher zu speichern und zu transportieren. Flüssige organische Wasserstoffträger bieten hierbei eine vielversprechende Option, den durch Elektrolyse von Wasser gewonnenen Wasserstoff zu speichern und bei Bedarf wieder freizusetzen. Da die Dehydrierung von LOHC-Systemen endotherm verläuft, werden verschiedene Szenarien verfolgt, die Effizienz dieses Konzepts zu steigern. Ein vielversprechender Ansatz liefert die Wärmeintegration der Abwärme einer HT-PEMFC. Um die Wärmekopplung realisieren zu können, muss das Temperaturniveau der Dehydrierung jedoch abgesenkt werden. Dabei bieten die Transferhydrierung und die dehydrierung bei reduziertem H2-Partialdruck geschickte Lösungen, Wasserstoff bei niedrigeren Temperaturen aus dem LOHC-System freizusetzen. In dieser Arbeit wurden drei katalytische Prozesse zur Niedertemperatur Wasserstofffreisetzung aus den beiden LOHC-Systemen H18-DBT/H0-DBT und H12-BT/H0-BT untersucht. Ziel der Untersuchung war es, die Temperatur der Wasserstofffreisetzung aus den LOHC-Systemen deutlich zu senken.
description: Using hydrogen as an important component of the energy transition is undisputed. For this reason, various concepts are being developed to safely store and transport hydrogen. Liquid Organic Hydrogen Carriers offer a promising option for storing hydrogen produced by electrolysis of water and releasing it again when required. Since the dehydrogenation of LOHC systems is an endothermic reaction, various scenarios are being pursued to increase the overall efficiency of this concept. One promising approach provides the heat integration of the waste heat of a HT-PEM fuel cell. However, in order to realize the heat coupling, the temperature level of the dehydrogenation must be lowered. Here, transfer hydrogenation and dehydrogenation at reduced hydrogen partial pressure offers a clever solution for releasing hydrogen from the LOHC system at lower temperatures. In this work, three catalytic processes for low-temperature hydrogen release from the two LOHC systems H18-DBT/H0-DBT and H12-BT/H0-BT were investigated. The aim of the study was to significantly reduce the temperature of hydrogen release from the LOHC systems.