cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Searches for Scalar Top and Bottom Quarks at the Tevatron
Creators: name: Nunnemann, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Searches for the supersymmetric partners of top and bottom quarks using data up to 340 pb$^{-1}$ taken at the Tevatron $p\bar{p}$ collider are described. We report on searches for scalar top quarks $\tilde{t}$ in the decays $\tilde{t}\to c \tildeχ_1^0$ and $\tilde{t}\to bl\tildeν$ and for scalar bottom quarks $\tilde{b}$ in the decay $\tilde{b}\to b \tildeχ_1^0$. No evidence for a signal has been found, but improved exclusion regions have been derived in the framework of a generic minimal superymmetric extension of the standard model.
description: For the D0 and CDF Collaborations. Presented at HEP2005 International Europhysics Conference on High Energy Physics, July 21st - 27th 2005, Lisboa, Portugal (4 pages, 4 figures)
title: Finalisation et évaluation d'un site Internet d'information sur la lombalgie
title: Finalisation et évaluation d'un site Internet d'information sur la lombalgie
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Corbat, Delphine
name: Montavon, Pauline
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 0
Subjects: subject: lombalgie chronique
subject: croyances
subject: informations
subject: site Internet
subject: évaluation
subject: qualité
subject: hesav TB Phy

description: Introduction : Des croyances inappropriées concernant la lombalgie sont des facteurs de risque de chronicisation. Ainsi, l’éducation thérapeutique est un élément clé favorisant un meilleur pronostic. Internet représente une possibilité prometteuse pour diffuser les recommandations actuelles et permettrait de compléter le discours des physiothérapeutes. Objectif : Finaliser puis évaluer la qualité du site « www.infomaldedos.ch » pour l’améliorer en vue de sa diffusion. Méthodes : Création d’un questionnaire d’évaluation sur la base de la littérature scientifique et diffusion auprès d’experts, physiothérapeutes et de la population générale. Analyse quantitative descriptive des résultats, complétée par des données qualitatives. Résultats : Nombre de participants : 7 experts, 22 physiothérapeutes, 9 lombalgiques, 24 non-lombalgiques. Aucune différence majeure retrouvée entre les populations. La majorité des thèmes d’évaluation obtiennent des réponses positives dans 87 à 99% des cas. Les avis liés à la crédibilité sont plus mitigés et la longueur excessive du texte est un point négatif fréquemment relevé. Discussion : La fiabilité d’Internet est parfois contestée malgré son utilisation fréquente. Un site internet ne remplace donc pas le discours des professionnels. Les experts, physiothérapeutes et la population générale apprécient la création du site www.infomaldedos.ch, sous forme de texte couplé à des illustrations. Ce dernier pourrait ainsi être un bon complément à l’éducation thérapeutique amorcée par les physiothérapeutes. Conclusion : Les résultats ont mis en évidence la qualité du site évalué et ont permis de définir quelques pistes d’amélioration en vue de sa diffusion. Des recherches supplémentaires seraient ensuite nécessaires pour mesurer son efficacité.
Optically reconfigurable quasi-phase-matching in silicon nitride microresonators
Creators: name: Nitiss, Edgars
name: Hu, Jianqi
name: Stroganov, Anton
name: Brès, Camille-Sophie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bringing efficient second-order nonlinear effects in integrated photonics is an important task motivated by the prospect of enabling all possible optical functionalities on chip. Such task has proved particularly challenging in silicon photonics, as materials best suited for photonic integration lack second-order susceptibility ($χ^{(2)}$). Methods for inducing effective $χ^{(2)}$ in such materials have recently opened new opportunities. Here, we present optically reconfigurable quasi-phase-matching in large radius Si$_3$N$_4$ microresonators resulting in mW level on-chip second-harmonic generated powers. Most importantly we show that such all-optical poling can occur unconstrained from intermodal phase-matching, leading to widely tunable second-harmonic generation. We confirm the phenomenon by two-photon imaging of the inscribed $χ^{(2)}$ grating structures within the microresonators as well as by dynamic tracking of both the pump and second-harmonic mode resonances. These results unambiguously establish that the photogalvanic effect, responsible for all-optical poling, can overcome phase mismatch constraints even in resonant systems, and simultaneously allow for the combined record of output power and tunability.
Constraining a possible time-variation of the gravitational constant through "gravitochemical heating" of neutron stars
Creators: name: Jofre, Paula
name: Reisenegger, Andreas
name: Fernandez, Rodrigo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A hypothetical time-variation of the gravitational constant $G$ would cause neutron star matter to depart from beta equilibrium, due to the changing hydrostatic equilibrium. This forces non-equilibrium beta processes to occur, which release energy that is invested partly in neutrino emission and partly in heating the stellar interior. Eventually, the star arrives at a stationary state in which the temperature remains nearly constant, as the forcing through the change of $G$ is balanced by the ongoing reactions. Comparing the surface temperature of the nearest millisecond pulsar, PSR J0437-4715, inferred from ultraviolet observations, with our predicted stationary temperature, we estimate two upper limits for this variation: (1) $|\dot G/G| < 2 \times 10^{-10}$ yr$^{-1}$, if we allow direct Urca reactions operating in the neutron star core, and (2) $|\dot G/G| < 4 \times 10^{-12}$ yr$^{-1}$, considering only modified Urca reactions. Both results are competitive with those obtained by other methods, with (2) being among the most restrictive.
description: 4 pages, including 2 figures. Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. Lett. Revised version includes minor changes in the wording, and more substantial changes in the last 2 paragraphs (Discussion and Conclusions). Equations, figures, and results are unchanged
Ferromagnetic Gyroscopes for Tests of Fundamental Physics
Creators: name: Fadeev, Pavel
name: Timberlake, Chris
name: Wang, Tao
name: Vinante, Andrea
name: Band, Y. B.
name: Budker, Dmitry
name: Sushkov, Alexander O.
name: Ulbricht, Hendrik
name: Kimball, Derek F. Jackson
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A ferromagnetic gyroscope (FG) is a ferromagnet whose angular momentum is dominated by electron spin polarization and that will precess under the action of an external torque, such as that due to a magnetic field. Here we model and analyze FG dynamics and sensitivity, focusing on practical schemes for experimental realization. In the case of a freely floating FG, we model the transition from dynamics dominated by libration in relatively high externally applied magnetic fields, to those dominated by precession at relatively low applied fields. Measurement of the libration frequency enables in situ measurement of the magnetic field and a technique to reduce the field below the threshold for which precession dominates the FG dynamics. We note that evidence of gyroscopic behavior is present even at magnetic fields much larger than the threshold field below which precession dominates. We also model the dynamics of an FG levitated above a type-I superconductor via the Meissner effect, and find that for FGs with dimensions larger than about 100 nm the observed precession frequency is reduced compared to that of a freely floating FG. This is akin to negative feedback that arises from the distortion of the field from the FG by the superconductor. Finally we assess the sensitivity of an FG levitated above a type-I superconductor to exotic spin-dependent interactions under practical experimental conditions, demonstrating the potential of FGs for tests of fundamental physics.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures
New Insights into Classical Novae
Creators: name: Chomiuk, Laura
name: Metzger, Brian D.
name: Shen, Ken J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We survey our understanding of classical novae: non-terminal, thermonuclear eruptions on the surfaces of white dwarfs in binary systems. The recent and unexpected discovery of GeV gamma-rays from Galactic novae has highlighted the complexity of novae and their value as laboratories for studying shocks and particle acceleration. We review half a century of nova literature through this new lens, and conclude: --The basics of the thermonuclear runaway theory of novae are confirmed by observations. The white dwarf sustains surface nuclear burning for some time after runaway, and until recently, it was commonly believed that radiation from this nuclear burning solely determines the nova's bolometric luminosity. --The processes by which novae eject material from the binary system remain poorly understood. Mass loss from novae is complex (sometimes fluctuating in rate, velocity, and morphology) and often prolonged in time over weeks, months, or years. --The complexity of the mass ejection leads to gamma-ray producing shocks internal to the nova ejecta. When gamma-rays are detected (around optical maximum), the shocks are deeply embedded and the surrounding gas is very dense. --Observations of correlated optical and gamma-ray light curves confirm that the shocks are radiative and contribute significantly to the bolometric luminosity of novae. Novae are therefore the closest and most common "interaction-powered" transients.
description: Accepted to Annual Reviews of Astronomy and Astrophysics. 59 pages, 14 figures. Supplementary materials included in this document
High-speed kinks in a generalized discrete $ϕ^4$ model
Creators: name: Dmitriev, Sergey V.
name: Khare, Avinash
name: Kevrekidis, Panayotis G.
name: Saxena, Avadh
name: Hadzievski, Ljupco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a generalized discrete $ϕ^4$ model and demonstrate that it can support exact moving kink solutions in the form of tanh with an arbitrarily large velocity. The constructed exact moving solutions are dependent on the specific value of the propagation velocity. We demonstrate that in this class of models, given a specific velocity, the problem of finding the exact moving solution is integrable. Namely, this problem originally expressed as a three-point map can be reduced to a two-point map, from which the exact moving solutions can be derived iteratively. It was also found that these high-speed kinks can be stable and robust against perturbations introduced in the initial conditions.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures, submitted to a journal
Pico: Parameters for the Impatient Cosmologist
Creators: name: Fendt, William A.
name: Wandelt, Benjamin D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a fast, accurate, robust and flexible method of accelerating parameter estimation. This algorithm, called Pico, can compute the CMB power spectrum and matter transfer function as well as any computationally expensive likelihoods in a few milliseconds. By removing these bottlenecks from parameter estimation codes, Pico decreases their computational time by 1 or 2 orders of magnitude. Pico has several important properties. First, it is extremely fast and accurate over a large volume of parameter space. Furthermore, its accuracy can continue to be improved by using a larger training set. This method is generalizable to an arbitrary number of cosmological parameters and to any range of l-values in multipole space. Pico is approximately 3000 times faster than CAMB for flat models, and approximately 2000 times faster then the WMAP 3 year likelihood code. In this paper, we demonstrate that using Pico to compute power spectra and likelihoods produces parameter posteriors that are very similar to those using CAMB and the official WMAP3 code, but in only a fraction of the time. Pico and an interface to CosmoMC are made publicly available at http://www.astro.uiuc.edu/~bwandelt/pico/.
description: 9 pages, 10 figures, submitted to ApJ, LaTeX with emulateapj
First-principles study of excitons in the optical spectra of silver chloride
Creators: name: Lorin, Arnaud
name: Gatti, Matteo
name: Reining, Lucia
name: Sottile, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Silver chloride is a material that has been investigated and used for many decades. Of particular interest are its optical properties, but only few fundamental theoretical studies exist. We present first-principles results for the optical properties of AgCl, obtained using time-dependent density functional theory and many-body perturbation theory. We show that optical properties exhibit strong excitonic effects, which are correctly captured only by solving the Bethe-Salpeter equation starting from quasiparticle self-consistent GW results. Numerical simulations are made feasible by using a model screening for the electron-hole interaction in a way that avoids the calculation of the static dielectric constant. A thorough analysis permits us to discuss localization in bright and dark excitons of silver chloride.
title: Optimizing Approaches of Collecting Post-Discharge Patient-Reported Outcomes from Participants in Pediatric Emergency Department Clinical Research Studies
Creators: name: Williamson-Urquhart, Sarah
Publisher: name: Cumming School of Medicine
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Pediatrics
subject: Emergency Medicine
subject: Research Methodology
subject: Participant Follow-up
subject: Survey Completion
subject: Data Collection
subject: Modality
subject: Questionnaire
subject: Patient Engagement
subject: Health Sciences

description: Research in pediatric emergency departments (EDs) is characterized by brief, in-person interactions between the patient and/or caregiver and research team members. Study procedures are usually performed in the ED, while outcome data collection often requires the patient and/or caregiver to provide important information post-ED discharge. Traditionally this data has been collected through telephone calls, and email surveys, however increasingly studies are using multiple approaches to enhance data collection. As such, this study sought to investigate whether usage of multiple follow-up data collection modalities (e.g., telephone, email, SMS, paper) is associated with improved follow-up data collection. In addition, we determined the proportion of participants completing follow-up using the various modalities. This study evaluated studies conducted by the Pediatric Emergency Research Canada (PERC) network. Data from 23 completed pediatric emergency research studies, including 46,420 participants, were analyzed using a multi-method quantitative approach combining descriptive statistics, principal component analysis, and regression modelling. We found that although offering a choice of modality to complete follow-up was not found to be independently associated with follow-up completion, we did identify several other key factors that were associated with follow-up success including research topic, length of questionnaire, use of patient engagement strategies, study complexity and design. Specifically, mental health studies were associated with a -26.8% (95%CI: -40.7, -12.9) decrease in follow-up completion percent, compared to studies focusing on injuries, and each additional question was associated with a -0.17% (95%CI: -0.27, -0.05) reduction in the follow-up completion rate. Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs) had higher follow-up success compared to prospective cohort studies (p = 0.005). The use of targeted patient engagement strategies (e.g., multiple languages) and decreasing study complexity (e.g., fewer number of contacts and study sample size) were associated with increased follow-up successful completion. These findings highlight the complex interplay of factors influencing follow-up success in pediatric emergency research and underscore the importance of tailoring strategies to specific research contexts and patient populations.
Spectroscopic study of olivine-bearing rocks and its relevance to the ExoMars rover mission
Creators: name: Veneranda, Marco
name: Manrique, Jose Antonio
name: Lopez-Reyes, Guillermo
name: Medina, Jesus
name: Torre-Fdez, Imanol
name: Castro, Kepa
name: Madariaga, Juan Manuel
name: Lanz, Cateline
name: Poulet, Francois
name: Krzesinska, Agata M.
name: Hellevang, Helge
name: Werner, Stephanie C.
name: Rull, Fernando
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the compositional analysis of three terrestrial analogues of Martian olivine-bearing rocks derived from both laboratory and flight-derived analytical instruments. In the first step, state-of-the-art spectroscopic (XRF, NIR and Raman) and diffractometric (XRD) laboratory systems were complementary used. Besides providing a detailed mineralogical and geochemical characterization of the samples, results comparison shed light on the advantages ensured by the combined use of Raman and NIR techniques, being these the spectroscopic instruments that will soon deploy (2021) on Mars as part of the ExoMars/ESA rover payload. In order to extrapolate valuable indicators of the mineralogical data that could derive from the ExoMars/Raman Laser Spectrometer (RLS), laboratory results were then compared with the molecular data gathered through the RLS ExoMars Simulator. Beside correctly identifying all major phases (feldspar, pyroxene and olivine), the RLS ExoMars Simulator confirmed the presence of additional minor compounds (i.e. hematite and apatite) that were not detected by complementary techniques. Furthermore, concerning the in-depth study of olivine grains, the RLS ExoMars simulator was able to effectively detect the shifting of the characteristic double peak around 820 and 850 cm-1, from which the Fe-Mg content of the analysed crystals can be extrapolated. Considering that olivine is one of the main mineral phases of the ExoMars landing site (Oxia Planum), this study suggests that the ExoMars/RLS system has the potential to provide detailed information about the elemental composition of olivine on Mars.
The Howell Ersatz Co.
Creators: name: Howell, Brendan
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2007
Subjects: Fine Arts (0357)
History of Science (0585)
superfiction
chindogu
myth of american success
markov chains
mind control
populism

description: The Howell Ersatz Co. is a fictional company that documents the history of technology in the 20th Century using a series of fake artifacts. These objects include working consumer electronic devices, advertisements, photographs and company ephemera. The work was produced using a combination of electrical engineering, computer programming, photography and graphic design techniques. My goal, in building this fictive space, is to call into question American myths about technology and invention as well as to reflect the political and social phenomena of the present.
Spin-density induced by electromagnetic wave in two-dimensional electron gas
Creators: name: Shnirman, Alexander
name: Martin, Ivar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the magnetic response of a two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) with a spin-orbit interaction to a long-wave-length electromagnetic excitation. We observe that the transverse electric field creates spin polarization perpendicular to the 2DEG plane. The effect is more prominent in clean systems with resolved spin-orbit-split subbands, and reaches maximum when the frequency of the wave matches the subband splitting at the Fermi momentum. The relation of this effect to the spin-Hall effect is discussed.
description: Final published form
The effect of menstrual cycle phase on diffusing capacity of the lung
Creators: name: Bacon, Catherine
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Pulmonary diffusing capacity (D[sub L]) has been observed to decrease during menses. Nonetheless, a descriptive study of alterations in this parameter with menstrual cycle phase has not been completed and the mechanism of change is not clear. Changes in resting single-breath diffusing capacity of carbon monoxide (D[sub L[sub CO]]), and in its two components: pulmonary capillary blood volume (V[sub C]), and membrane diffusing capacity (D[sub M]) were measured in 13 normally menstruating women at points within the menstrual cycle chosen to best discriminate between the effects of oestradiol, progesterone and prostaglandins. In addition, haemoglobin concentration ([Hb]), packed cell volume (PCV), and percent of carboxyhaemoglobin (COHb) were measured. Measurements of D[sub L[sub CO]], V[sub C], D[sub M], and [Hb] were undertaken at five testing points throughout three menstrual cycles, whilst COHb and PCV were assessed at four points within one cycle. The phase of the menstrual cycle was determined by quantitative analysis of basal body temperature recorded daily by subjects. No changes in resting D[sub L[sub CO]], D[sub L[sub CO]] divided by alveolar volume (V[sub A]), COHb, PCV or for [Hb] corrected D[sub L[sub CO]], D[sub L[sub CO]]/ V[sub A], D[sub M] or V[sub C] were found using one-way repeated measures analyses of variance (ANOVAs) of the most representative ovulatory menstrual cycle for each subject. Two-way repeated measures ANOVAs of D[sub L[sub CO]] and D[sub L[sub CO]]/V[sub A]; and [Hb] corrected D[sub L[sub CO]] and D[sub L[sub CO]]/V[sub A], which separated the effects of the five testing points and the ovulatory or anovulatory status of a menstrual cycle were also performed and no significant changes were observed. When the effect of the large hormonal differences between an ovulatory and an anovulatory cycle were removed, a trend towards an increase in DL independent of the effects of [Hb] at mid-cycle and during the luteal phase compared to the early follicular phase were observed. Notwithstanding the extreme variability of hormonal changes within the human menstrual cycle, without the benefit of hormonal analysis we have not found consistent alterations in D[sub L[sub CO]] with menstrual phase in normally menstruating women. This is despite careful effort to time diffusion test with points in the cycle that should best discriminate between the hormonal effects of oestradiol, progesterone and prostaglandins.
A Search for Charged Massive Stable Particles
Creators: name: Nunnemann, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A search for charged massive (quasi-) stable particles with the D0 detector at the Tevatron collider based on 390 pb^{-1} of data is presented. The search is performed in the frameworks of gauge-mediated supersymmetry breaking and the minimal supersymmetric extentension of the standard model. The hypothetical particles are assumed to be pair-produced in p-anti-p collisions giving a signature of two reconstructed muon-like objects with high invariant mass and time-of-flights indicative of heavy particles. Since no excess over background is observed, cross-section limits for the pair-production of stable staus and charginos are set. Mass limits of 140 GeV for a higgsino-like chargino and 174 GeV for a gaugino-like chargino are set.
description: For the D0 Collaboration. Presented at HEP2005 International Europhysics Conference on High Energy Physics, July 21st - 27th 2005, Lisboa, Portugal (4 pages, 4 figures)
Informe OTEA 2022
Creators: name: Rey, Luis
name: Alonso-Epelde, Eva
name: González-Eguino, Mikel
Publisher: name: Observatorio de la Transición Energética y la Acción Climática (OTEA)
Year: 2023

description: Informe anual 2022 del Observatorio de la Transición Energética y la Acción Climática (OTEA)
Investigation of continuous-time quantum walk by using Krylov subspace-Lanczos algorithm
Creators: name: Jafarizadeh, M. A.
name: Salimi, S.
name: Sufiani, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In papers\cite{js,jsa}, the amplitudes of continuous-time quantum walk on graphs possessing quantum decomposition (QD graphs) have been calculated by a new method based on spectral distribution associated to their adjacency matrix. Here in this paper, it is shown that the continuous-time quantum walk on any arbitrary graph can be investigated by spectral distribution method, simply by using Krylov subspace-Lanczos algorithm to generate orthonormal bases of Hilbert space of quantum walk isomorphic to orthogonal polynomials. Also new type of graphs possessing generalized quantum decomposition have been introduced, where this is achieved simply by relaxing some of the constrains imposed on QD graphs and it is shown that both in QD and GQD graphs, the unit vectors of strata are identical with the orthonormal basis produced by Lanczos algorithm. Moreover, it is shown that probability amplitude of observing walk at a given vertex is proportional to its coefficient in the corresponding unit vector of its stratum, and it can be written in terms of the amplitude of its stratum. Finally the capability of Lanczos-based algorithm for evaluation of walk on arbitrary graphs (GQD or non-QD types), has been tested by calculating the probability amplitudes of quantum walk on some interesting finite (infinite) graph of GQD type and finite (infinite) path graph of non-GQD type, where the asymptotic behavior of the probability amplitudes at infinite limit of number of vertices, are in agreement with those of central limit theorem of Ref.\cite{nko}.
description: 29 pages, 4 figures
The Going Round: Confusion As Process In Finite Subjects
Creators: name: Smallwood, Eric Thomas
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2010
Subjects: Attention
Confusion
Finite
Process
Reconciliation
Subjectivity

description: The continual negotiation of the finite subject with its environment constitutes a commonly experienced process. This subsistence is punctuated with temporary moments of resonance between one's sensual experience and cognitive perception. If attended, the finite subject may garner insight by way of reconciling these moments. Through the function of memory these moments remain as beacons of heightened experience, reflexively guiding and being influenced by subsequent experience. They contribute to the finite subject's perspective of reality, and over time, differentiate and connect memories along multiple axes of sensation, emotion and cognition; distilling from the cloud of experience. The repetitive process continually composites experience upon the prior foundation in memory, building complex theme structures that frame a completely unique and subjective worldview.  My visual work attends to this negotiation and reflexivity, in order to suggest a more cognizant way of being.  The thesis below explains my work and intentions, including historical and artistic references.
title: Desert
Creators: name: Wu, Steven Deon
Publisher: name: University of Reading
Year: 2022

description: Up until the late twentieth century, philosophers have thought not only that 
desert was not merely a matter of convention but in the nature of things but 
also that there is a close conceptual tie between justice and desert. In recent 
work, however, it has become common for philosophers to deny such a 
connection. This study of desert aims to reestablish that connection.
Many contemporary philosophers avoid appeal to the concept of 
desert in theorizing about justice for three main reasons: (1) there are 
perplexing questions regarding both the nature and normative force of desert
claims which do not appear to admit satisfactory resolution; (2) since we 
deserve neither our natural talents nor our initial starting place in society, it’s 
hard to see how the distribution of benefits and burdens based on desert can 
be what justice requires; and (3) any theory of justice which holds that some 
people deserve to suffer is morally indefensible.
The author of this study replies: (1) these alleged unclarities are 
instead invitations to further theorizing, and further reflection shows that,
rather than being part of either the deontic or the evaluative, desert is a 
species of fittingness which is its own category in the normative domain; (2) 
distributively just outcomes are sensitive to several morally relevant 
considerations, one of which is desert, and that income is deserved on the 
basis of contribution or effort as what matters is exercising effort and not the 
ability to exert effort; and (3) that no one can deserve to suffer is perfectly 
compatible with the idea that some people are more deserving than others,
and, once the desertist position is properly understood, critics will see they 
too have reason to become desertists since their own view is plausible only 
because it leaves so many questions about desert unanswered.
Finite-Horizon, Energy-Optimal Trajectories in Unsteady Flows
Creators: name: Krishna, Kartik
name: Song, Zhuoyuan
name: Brunton, Steven L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: 37N35, 34H05, 37D10, 34D08, 37N10, 76F25, 93B45

description: Intelligent mobile sensors, such as uninhabited aerial or underwater vehicles, are becoming prevalent in environmental sensing and monitoring applications. These active sensing platforms operate in unsteady fluid flows, including windy urban environments, hurricanes, and ocean currents. Often constrained in their actuation capabilities, the dynamics of these mobile sensors depend strongly on the background flow, making their deployment and control particularly challenging. Therefore, efficient trajectory planning with partial knowledge about the background flow is essential for teams of mobile sensors to adaptively sense and monitor their environments. In this work, we investigate the use of finite-horizon model predictive control (MPC) for the energy-efficient trajectory planning of an active mobile sensor in an unsteady fluid flow field. We uncover connections between the finite-time optimal trajectories and finite-time Lyapunov exponents (FTLE) of the background flow, confirming that energy-efficient trajectories exploit invariant coherent structures in the flow. We demonstrate our findings on the unsteady double gyre vector field, which is a canonical model for chaotic mixing in the ocean. We present an exhaustive search through critical MPC parameters including the prediction horizon, maximum sensor actuation, and relative penalty on the accumulated state error and actuation effort. We find that even relatively short prediction horizons can often yield nearly energy-optimal trajectories. These results are promising for the adaptive planning of energy-efficient trajectories for swarms of mobile sensors in distributed sensing and monitoring.
description: 30 pages, 19 figures
RESONANT ATTENTION:  THE PRACTICE OF ART IN THE AGE OF MANIC-MEDIATION
Creators: name: Main, Susan Lee
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2009
Subjects: attention
liminality
mediation
resonant

description: Media, mediation and “ the media”, in their broadest definitions, are tools, materials  and forces that assume intermediary positions between human senses and the  environment. They carry and embody information. In the age of manic- mediation,  technological engagement is obsessive and frenzied. The promise of abundant  information glitters through multiple channels and agendas competing for attention.  The sensing, perceiving body essentially must touch the textures and qualities of  mediated information in the search for authenticity. The individual, confronted with  the vagaries of attention and manic- mediation, waits and reorients, precariously  balanced on the threshold between the whole and the part, the visible and invisible,  the revealed and concealed, the public and the private. Attention and mediation,  inextricably bound in a condition of in- between- ness, root contemporary life in a state  of pervasive liminality.  How do we orient ourselves and trust our perceptions when our attentions are shaded  by manic- mediations? How can art navigate the gaps inherent in attention and  mediation and activate a resonance between them as a way to mitigate ( expose) “ our  basic irresponsibility”? ( Doctorow) How can the practice of art make central the act  of paying attention in the presence of mediated forms?  My thesis exhibition consists of three installations that investigate attention,  mediation and art as a practice of resonant attention. Using video, projection,  documentation and collaboration, these installations attempt a manifestation of the  liminal, transitory qualities of attention and mediation. Focusing on phenomena  common to human life yet often taken for granted or relegated to the periphery, my  intent is to generate direct, physical encounters with a landscape on the threshold of  perception, a place on the edge of change and the act of paying attention to attention  in the age of manic- mediation.
The ALTO project at IPN Orsay
Creators: name: Ibrahim, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In order to probe neutron rich radioactive noble gases produced by photo-fission, a PARRNe1 experiment (Production d'Atomes Radioactifs Riches en Neutrons) has been carried out at CERN. The incident electron beam of 50 MeV was delivered by the LIL machine: LEP Injector Linac. The experiment allowed to compare under the same conditions two production methods of radioactive noble gases: fission induced by fast neutrons and photo-fission. The obtained results show that the use of the electrons is a promising mode to get intense neutron rich ion beams. Thereafter, the success of this photo-fission experiment, a conceptual design for the installation at IPN Orsay of a 50 MeV electron accelerator close to the PARRNe-2 device has been worked out: ALTO Project. This work has started within a collaboration between IPNO, LAL and CERN groups.
description: 14 pages, pdf file, International School-Seminar on Heavy-Ion Physics 7 (2002)
Nonequilibrium control of thermal and mechanical changes in a levitated system
Creators: name: Rademacher, Markus
name: Konopik, Michael
name: Debiossac, Maxime
name: Grass, David
name: Lutz, Eric
name: Kiesel, Nikolai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fluctuation theorems are fundamental extensions of the second law of thermodynamics for small nonequilibrium systems. While work and heat are equally important forms of energy exchange, fluctuation relations have not been experimentally assessed for the generic situation of simultaneous mechanical and thermal changes. Thermal driving is indeed generally slow and more difficult to realize than mechanical driving. Here, we use feedback cooling techniques to implement fast and controlled temperature variations of an underdamped levitated microparticle that are one order of magnitude faster than the equilibration time. Combining mechanical and thermal control, we verify the validity of a fluctuation theorem that accounts for both contributions, well beyond the range of linear response theory. Our results allow the investigation of general far-from-equilibrium processes in microscopic systems that involve fast mechanical and thermal changes at the same time.
Dune initiation in a bimodal wind regime
Creators: name: Delorme, Pauline
name: Wiggs, Giles. F. S.
name: Baddock, Matthew. C.
name: Claudin, Philippe
name: and, Joanna. M. Nield
name: Valdez, Andrew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Early-stage bedforms develop into mature dunes through complex interactions between wind, sand transport and surface topography. Depending on varying environmental and wind conditions, the mechanism driving dune formation and, ultimately, the shape of nascent dunes may differ markedly. In cases where sand availability is plentiful one mechanism suggested for triggering dune growth is linear stability theory. Until now, this theory has only been tested using field evidence in unidirectional winds. However, in many areas of the world and on other planets where aeolian processes act, wind regimes are often bimodal or multimodal. Here, we investigate field evidence of protodune formation under bimodal winds by applying linear stability analysis to a developing protodune field. Employing recent theoretical and experimental research, combined with in-situ wind, sediment transport, and topographic measurements during a month long field campaign at Great Sand Dunes National Park, Colorado, USA, we use a development of the linear stability theory to predict the spatial characteristics (orientation and wavelength) and temporal evolution (growth rate and migration velocity) of a protodune field. We find that the theoretical predictions compare well with measured dunefield attributes as characterized by high-resolution Digital Elevation Models measured using repeat terres trial laser scanning. Our findings suggest that linear stability theory is a quantitative predictor of protodune development on sandy surfaces with a bimodal wind regime. Our findings are significant as they offer critical validation of the linear stability theory for explaining the initiation and development of dunes towards maturity in a complex natural environment.
description: 19 pages, 6 figures electronic ISSN: 2169-9011 print ISSN: 2169-9003
Pulchritude
Creators: name: Seley, Alexandra Katelin
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2012
Subjects: Feminism
Performance Art
Photography
Video Art

description: Abstract in focus of this thesis is to explore the nature of beauty and sexuality in relation to a heterosexual woman's drive to attract a man. I examine the purpose of changing oneself into a normative version of what is attractive, as well as what results when transformation becomes ritual and is then taken to the extreme. To place these arguments within a larger context, I review literature focusing on historical and contemporary theories of femininity, attraction, and transformation, including John Stuart Mill's premise that women's survival is tied to attracting a mate, Freud's theory of transformation as a form of fetishism, and Naomi Wolf's notion that advertising influences women's obsessive transformation of themselves. Building upon these theories, I explore the experience of transformation, attraction, and beauty within my own artwork. Pulchritude uses photography and video in combination with cosmetic products and performance to reveal how rituals change when repeated to excess. I then examine where this work fits within an art historical framework that includes artists such as Cindy Sherman as well as fashion photography. Finally, I consider three conclusions reached through the thesis process: (1) Being unconsciously influenced by what I look at causes a latent feeling of self-doubt and induced a desire to look and act a certain way; (2) Transformation and appearance are used in my work to manipulate the viewer as a form of power; and (3) This project lends itself to being expanded to include a wider variety of feminine rituals.
New Funny Art Women Good
Creators: name: Ferrera, Christine Angela
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2010

description: At first glance my paintings, videos and performances appear to be a surreal ad campaign for a mysterious product. I saturate every surface with color, transmute slogans into short poems and spin the plots of 30-second commercials into unique incantations. If ads could sleep, their dreams might manifest themselves as similarly bewildering visions. Images of women advertising face creams that promise to be 5% less sad, cell phones with the added feature of providing true intimacy or a bra that simultaneously acts as birth control and a nicotine patch speak to the insatiable desires manufactured by consumer culture. An auctioneer maniacally barking the aesthetic virtues of a canvas as she haphazardly slaps paint onto it and tries to sell it points to the absurdity of our current value system. An affectionate correspondence between an artist and a global coffee franchise humorously conjures the fallibility of public and private personas. Slick as a fresh manicure yet plush as a hand-knit potholder, my work strikes a balance between humanity and its corporate alter ego. My aim is not merely to parody and critique commercial media but to grasp the mechanics of desire and manipulation. While I borrow some of its techniques, the construct of advertising eventually recedes altogether leaving only an abstract narrative. This, too, dissolves until all that remains are two voices. One voice is a version of my own; the other is my fantasy projection of the collective voice of the outside world. The conversation is about art and authenticity.
Investigation of MUC1 in Alzheimer's Applications
Creators: name: Pallikal, James Sebastian
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2008
Subjects: alzheimer's
beta-amyloid
blood brain barrier
MUC1
mucin
sialic acid
Chemistry, Pharmaceutical (0491)

description: MUC1 is a highly sialyllated protein which shows potential to interact with the toxic protein beta-amyloid of Alzheimer's disease (AD).  We have evaluated the feasibility of using MUC1 fragments as an agent to attenuate beta-amyloid; toxicity and bind to beta-amyloid; deposits in AD applications.  High yield in fragment preparation and small size were verified. MUC1 had no intrinsic toxicity at concentrations tested.  The binding affinity of beta-amyloid; to the MUC1 fragments was shown to be on the order of 600 nM, which is greater than the binding affinity of beta-amyloid; to clustered gangliosides on the cell surface.  The addition of MUC1 fragments at low concentrations attenuated beta-amyloid; induced cell toxicity.  The potential of MUC1 to cross the blood brain barrier was demonstrated.  These results signify the potential of using MUC1 fragments in Alzheimer's applications, and indicate that further work in this area is warranted.
How gas flows shape the stellar-halo mass relation in the EAGLE simulation
Creators: name: Mitchell, Peter D.
name: Schaye, Joop
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The difference in shape between the observed galaxy stellar mass function and the predicted dark matter halo mass function is generally explained primarily by feedback processes. Feedback can shape the stellar-halo mass (SHM) relation by driving gas out of galaxies, by modulating the first-time infall of gas onto galaxies (i.e., preventative feedback), and by instigating fountain flows of recycled wind material. We present and apply a method to disentangle these effects for hydrodynamical simulations of galaxy formation. We build a model of linear coupled differential equations that by construction reproduces the flows of gas onto and out of galaxies and haloes in the EAGLE cosmological simulation. By varying individual terms in this model, we isolate the relative effects of star formation, ejection via outflow, first-time inflow and wind recycling on the SHM relation. We find that for halo masses $M_{200} < 10^{12} \, \mathrm{M_\odot}$ the SHM relation is shaped primarily by a combination of ejection from galaxies and haloes, while for larger $M_{200}$ preventative feedback is also important. The effects of recycling and the efficiency of star formation are small. We show that if, instead of $M_{200}$, we use the cumulative mass of dark matter that fell in for the first time, the evolution of the SHM relation nearly vanishes. This suggests that the evolution is due to the definition of halo mass rather than to an evolving physical efficiency of galaxy formation. Finally, we demonstrate that the mass in the circum-galactic medium is much more sensitive to gas flows, especially recycling, than is the case for stars and the interstellar medium.
description: MNRAS accepted
ExoMars Raman Laser Spectrometer RLS, a tool for the potential recognition of wet target craters on Mars
Creators: name: Veneranda, Marco
name: Lopez-Reyes, Guillermo
name: Manrique, Jose Antonio
name: Medina, Jesus
name: Ruiz-Galende, Patricia
name: Torre-Fdez, Imanol
name: Castro, Kepa
name: Lantz, Cateline
name: Poulet, Francois
name: Dypvik, Henning
name: Werner, Stephanie C.
name: Rull, Fernando
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the present work, NIR, LIBS, Raman and XRD techniques have been complementarily used to carry out a comprehensive characterization of a terrestrial analogue selected from the Chesapeake Bay Impact Structure (CBIS). The obtained data clearly highlight the key role of Raman spectroscopy in the detection of minor and trace compounds, through which inferences about geological processes occurred in the CBIS can be extrapolated. Beside the use of commercial systems, further Raman analyses were performed by the Raman Laser Spectrometer (RLS) ExoMars Simulator. This instrument represents the most reliable tool to effectively predict the scientific capabilities of the ExoMars/Raman system that will be deployed on Mars in 2021. By emulating the analytical procedures and operational restrictions established by the ExoMars mission rover design, it was proved that the RLS ExoMars Simulator is able to detect the amorphization of quartz, which constitutes an analytical clue of the impact origin of craters. On the other hand, the detection of barite and siderite, compounds crystallizing under hydrothermal conditions, helps to indirectly confirm the presence of water in impact targets. Furthermore, the RLS ExoMars Simulator capability of performing smart molecular mappings was also evaluated. According to the obtained results, the algorithms developed for its operation provide a great analytical advantage over most of the automatic analysis systems employed by commercial Raman instruments, encouraging its application for many additional scientific and commercial purposes.