cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Warm-hot gas in groups and galaxies toward H2356-309
Creators: name: Williams, Rik J.
name: Mulchaey, John S.
name: Kollmeier, Juna A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a detailed analysis of the galaxy and group distributions around three reported X-ray absorption line systems in the spectrum of the quasar H2356-309. Previous studies associated these absorbers with known large-scale galaxy structures (i.e., walls and filaments) along the line of sight. Such absorption lines typically trace 10^{5-7} K gas, and may be evidence of the elusive warm-hot intergalactic medium (WHIM) thought to harbor the bulk of the low-redshift "missing baryons;" alternatively, they may be linked to individual galaxies or groups in the filaments. Here we combine existing galaxy survey data with new, multi-object Magellan spectroscopy to investigate the detailed galaxy distribution near each absorber. All of these three absorption systems are within the projected virial radii of nearby galaxies and/or groups, and could therefore arise in these virialized structures rather than (or in addition to) the WHIM. However, we find no additional galaxies near a fourth "void" absorber recently found in the spectrum, suggesting that this system may indeed trace gas unassociated with any individual halo. Though the number of known systems is still small, spatial coincidences suggest that some X-ray absorbers lie in galaxy and/or group environments, though others could still trace the large-scale filamentary WHIM gas predicted by simulations.
description: 6 pages emulateapj, 3 figures; minor revisions following referee report. Accepted for publication in ApJ Letters
Joaquim Albareda, Manuel Herrero Sánchez (ed.), Political Representation in the Ancien Régime, New York, London (Routledge) 2018
Creators: name: Von Friedeburg, Robert
Publisher: name: Francia-Recensio
Year: 2019

description: Joaquim Albareda, Manuel Herrero Sánchez (ed.), Political Representation in the Ancien Régime, New York, London (Routledge) 2018, X–331 p., 5 fig., 3 tabl. (Routledge Studies in Renaissance and Early Modern Worlds of Knowledge), ISBN 978-1-138-33532-5, EUR 129,10.
description: Francia-Recensio, 2019/2
Renate Blickle, Politische Streitkultur in Altbayern. Beiträge zur Geschichte der Grundrechte in der frühen Neuzeit, hg. von Claudia Ulbrich, Michaela Hohkamp und Andrea Griesebner, Berlin, Boston, MA (De Gruyter) 2017
Creators: name: Sczesny, Anke
Publisher: name: Francia-Recensio
Year: 2019

description: Renate Blickle, Politische Streitkultur in Altbayern. Beiträge zur Geschichte der Grundrechte in der frühen Neuzeit, hg. von Claudia Ulbrich, Michaela Hohkamp und Andrea Griesebner, Berlin, Boston, MA (De Gruyter) 2017, XII–226 S. (Quellen und Forschungen zur Agrargeschichte, 58), ISBN 978-3-11-053910-3, EUR 69,95.
description: Francia-Recensio, 2019/2
Simon Butticaz, Christian Grosse (éd.), Unité et diversité des Réformes. Du XVIe siècle à nos jours, Genève (Labor et Fides) 2018
Creators: name: Quisinsky, Michael
Publisher: name: Francia-Recensio
Year: 2019

description: Simon Butticaz, Christian Grosse (éd.), Unité et diversité des Réformes. Du XVIe siècle à nos jours, Genève (Labor et Fides) 2018, 173 p., ISBN 978-2-8309-1648-5, EUR 19,00.
description: Francia-Recensio, 2019/2
Exact solution for two unequal counter-rotating black holes
Creators: name: Cabrera-Munguia, I.
name: Lämmerzahl, Claus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 83C15

description: The complete solution for two unequal counter-rotating black holes separated by a massless strut, is developed in terms of four arbitrary parameters involving two quantities σ1 and σ2 as the half length of the two rods representing the black hole horizons, the total mass M and the relative distance R between the centers of the horizons. A further attempt for describing the explicit form of this solution in terms of the physical parameters: The two Komar masses M1 and M2, Komar angular momenta per unit mass a1 and a2 (a1 and a2 have opposite sign), and the coordinate distance R, guided us to a 4-parameter subclass in which the five physical parameters satisfy a simple algebraic relation and the interaction force in this scheme looks like Schwarzschild type.
description: This paper has been withdrawn for changes on it
Theory and Simulation of the diffusion of kinks on dislocations in bcc metals
Creators: name: Swinburne, T. D.
name: Dudarev, S. L.
name: Fitzgerald, S. P.
name: Gilbert, M. R.
name: Sutton, A. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Isolated kinks on thermally fluctuating (1/2)<111> screw, <100> edge and (1/2)<111> edge dislocations in bcc iron are simulated under zero stress conditions using molecular dynamics (MD). Kinks are seen to perform stochastic motion in a potential landscape that depends on the dislocation character and geometry, and their motion provides fresh insight into the coupling of dislocations to a heat bath. The kink formation energy, migration barrier and friction parameter are deduced from the simulations. A discrete Frenkel-Kontorova-Langevin (FKL) model is able to reproduce the coarse grained data from MD at a fraction of the computational cost, without assuming an a priori temperature dependence beyond the fluctuation-dissipation theorem. Analytic results reveal that discreteness effects play an essential rôle in thermally activated dislocation glide, revealing the existence of a crucial intermediate length scale between molecular and dislocation dynamics. The model is used to investigate dislocation motion under the vanishingly small stress levels found in the evolution of dislocation microstructures in irradiated materials.
Does Deep Tectonic Tremor Occur in the Central‐Eastern Mediterranean Basin?
Creators: name: Bocchini, G. M.
name: Martínez‐Garzón, P.
name: Harrington, R. M.
name: Bohnhoff, Marco
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: ambient tremor
subject: Mediterranean basin
subject: tectonic tremor
subject: subduction zones
subject: transform faults
subject: triggered tremor
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::550 Geowissenschaften, Geologie::550 Geowissenschaften

description: Tectonic tremor has been observed at the roots of many fault systems around the Pacific rim, including convergent and transform plate boundaries. The extent to which deep tremor signals are prevalent along fault systems elsewhere, including the Mediterranean basin, has not yet been documented in detail. A body of evidence suggests that tremor triggered during the surface waves of teleseismic events may commonly occur where ambient tremor during episodic tremor and slip episodes occur, suggesting triggered tremor provides a useful tool to identify regions with ambient tremor. We perform a systematic search of triggered tremor associated with large teleseismic events between 2010 and 2020 at four major fault systems within the central-eastern Mediterranean basin, namely the Hellenic and Calabrian subduction zones, and the North Anatolian and Kefalonia transform faults. In addition, we search for ambient tremor during a slow slip event in the eastern Sea of Marmara along a secondary branch of the North Anatolian Fault, and two slow slip events beneath western Peloponnese (Hellenic Subduction Zone). We find no unambiguous evidence for deep triggered tremor, nor ambient tremor. The absence of triggered tremor at the Hellenic and Calabrian subduction zones supports an interpretation of less favorable conditions for tremorgenesis in the presence of old and cold slabs. The absence of tremor along the transform faults may be due to an absence of the conditions commonly promoting tremorgenesis in such settings, including high-fluid pressures and low-differential stresses between the down-dip limit of the seismogenic layer and the continental Moho.
Direct bound on the minimal Universal Extra Dimension model from the $t\bar{t}$ resonance search at the Tevatron
Creators: name: Chang, Sanghyeon
name: Lee, Kang Young
name: Shim, So Young
name: Song, Jeonghyeon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the minimal Universal Extra Dimension (mUED) model, the second Kaluza-Klein (KK) gluon $g^{(2)}$ has loop-induced vertices with the standard model quarks, mediated by the first KK modes of the quark and the gluon/Higgs boson. With a top quark pair, this vertex is enhanced by the cooperation of the strong coupling of a gluon and the large Yukawa coupling of a top quark, leading to substantial branching ratio of $Br(g^{(2)} \to t \bar{t}) \approx 7%-8%$. As the $g^{(2)}$ coupling with two gluons appears via dimension-6 operator, $q\bar{q}\to g^{(2)}\to t\bar{t}$ is the golden mode for the mUED model. Hence the best channel is the $t\bar{t}$ resonance search in $p\bar{p}$ collisions. The recent Tevatron data at $\sqrt{s}=1.96$ TeV with an integrated luminosity of 8.7 fb$^{-1}$ are shown to give the first direct bound on the $g^{(2)}$ mass above 800 GeV. The implication and future prospect at the LHC are discussed also.
description: referenced minor corrections added; 13 pages with 4 figures
The immune response of bats differs between pre-migration and migration seasons
Creators: name: Voigt, Christian C.
name: Fritze, Marcus
name: Lindecke, Oliver
name: Costantini, David
name: Petersons, Gunars
name: Czirják, Gábor Á.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: oxidative stress
subject: costs
subject: immunology
subject: longevity
subject: defenses
subject: thrushes
subject: diseases
subject: flight
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: Maintaining a competent immune system is energetically costly and thus immunity may be traded against other costly traits such as seasonal migration. Here, we tested in long-distance migratory Nathusius' pipistrelles (Pipistrellus nathusii), if selected branches of immunity are expressed differently in response to the energy demands and oxidative stress of aerial migration. During the migration period, we observed higher baseline lymphocyte and lower neutrophil levels than during the pre-migration period, but no stronger response of cellular effectors to an antigen challenge. Baseline plasma haptoglobin, as a component of the humoral innate immunity, remained similar during both seasons, yet baseline plasma haptoglobin levels increased by a factor of 7.8 in migratory bats during an immune challenge, whereas they did not change during the pre-migration period. Oxidative stress was higher during migration than during pre-migration, yet there was no association between blood oxidative status and immune parameters, and immune challenge did not trigger any changes in oxidative stress, irrespective of season. Our findings suggest that humoral effectors of the acute phase response may play a stronger role in the first-line defense against infections for migrating bats compared to non-migrating bats. We conclude that Nathusius' pipistrelles allocate resources differently into the branches of their immune system, most likely following current demands resulting from tight energy budgets during migration.
pH-triggered pore-forming peptides with strong composition-dependent membrane selectivity
Creators: name: Kim, Sarah Y.
name: Bondar, Ana-Nicoleta
name: Wimley, William C.
name: Hristova, Kalina
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: macromolecule-sized poration
subject: cell-penetrating peptides
subject: oriented alpha-helices
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: Peptides that self-assemble into nanometer-sized pores in lipid bilayers could have utility in a variety of biotechnological and clinical applications if we can understand their physical chemical properties and learn to control their membrane selectivity. To empower such control, we have used synthetic molecular evolution to identify the pH-dependent delivery peptides, a family of peptides that assemble into macromolecule-sized pores in membranes at low peptide concentration but only at pH < ∼6. Further advancements will also require better selectivity for specific membranes. Here, we determine the effect of anionic headgroups and bilayer thickness on the mechanism of action of the pH-dependent delivery peptides by measuring binding, secondary structure, and macromolecular poration. The peptide pHD15 partitions and folds equally well into zwitterionic and anionic membranes but is less potent at pore formation in phosphatidylserine-containing membranes. The peptide also binds and folds similarly in membranes of various thicknesses, but its ability to release macromolecules changes dramatically. It causes potent macromolecular poration in vesicles made from phosphatidylcholine with 14 carbon acyl chains, but macromolecular poration decreases sharply with increasing bilayer thickness and does not occur at any peptide concentration in fluid bilayers made from phosphatidylcholine lipids with 20-carbon acyl chains. The effects of headgroup and bilayer thickness on macromolecular poration cannot be accounted for by the amount of peptide bound but instead reflect an inherent selectivity of the peptide for inserting into the membrane-spanning pore state. Molecular dynamics simulations suggest that the effect of thickness is due to hydrophobic match/mismatch between the membrane-spanning peptide and the bilayer hydrocarbon. This remarkable degree of selectivity based on headgroup and especially bilayer thickness is unusual and suggests ways that pore-forming peptides with exquisite selectivity for specific membranes can be designed or evolved.
Systematic Review Protocol: Requirements Engineering in Quantum Computing
Creators: name: Sepúlveda, Samuel
name: Cravero, Ania
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context: Quantum computing (QC) represents a paradigm shift in computational capabilities, presenting unique challenges in requirements engineering (RE). The complexity of quantum systems and rapid technological advancements necessitate a comprehensive understanding of the current state and future trajectories in RE for QC. Objective: A protocol for carrying out a systematic literature review about the evidence for identifying and analyzing the challenges in RE for QC software. It seeks to evaluate the current methodologies employed in this domain and propose a forward-looking perspective on the evolution of these methodologies to meet future industry and academic needs. Method: This protocol employs a structured approach to search and analyze relevant literature systematically, according to Barbara Kitchenham's guidelines. Results: A validated protocol to conduct a systematic review. The protocol is expected to yield diverse literature spanning theoretical frameworks, empirical studies, and methodological advancements in RE for QC. It will highlight the current challenges, opportunities, and future directions, offering insights into the field's academic and practical aspects. Conclusions: The systematic review aims to provide a nuanced understanding of the RE landscape in QC. It will offer valuable insights for academic researchers, industry professionals, software engineers, industry analysts, and educators, shaping the future discourse in QC development.
description: 12 pages, 6 tables
Ziegelstempel einer Trierer Bürgerwehr der Spätantike
Creators: name: Kann, Hans-Joachim
Publisher: name: Funde und Ausgrabungen im Bezirk Trier
Year: 2019

description: [nicht vorhanden]
description: Funde und Ausgrabungen im Bezirk Trier, Bd. 14 (1982): Funde und Ausgrabungen im Bezirk Trier : Aus der Arbeit des Rheinischen Landesmuseums Trier
An unusual type I ribosome-inactivating protein from Agrostemma githago L.
Creators: name: Weise, Christoph
name: Schrot, Achim
name: Wuerger, Leonie T. D.
name: Adolf, Jacob
name: Gilabert-Oriol, Roger
name: Sama, Simko
name: Melzig, Matthias F.
name: Weng, Alexander
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: seeds
subject: saponins
subject: combination
subject: site
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: Agrostemma githago L. (corn cockle) is an herbaceous plant mainly growing in Europe. The seeds of the corn cockle are toxic and poisonings were widespread in the past by consuming contaminated flour. The toxic principle of Agrostemma seeds was attributed to triterpenoid secondary metabolites. Indeed, this is in part true. However Agrostemma githago L. is also a producer of ribosome-inactivating proteins (RIPs). RIPs are N-glycosylases that inactivate the ribosomal RNA, a process leading to an irreversible inhibition of protein synthesis and subsequent cell death. A widely known RIP is ricin from Ricinus communis L., which was used as a bioweapon in the past. In this study we isolated agrostin, a 27 kDa RIP from the seeds of Agrostemma githago L., and determined its full sequence. The toxicity of native agrostin was investigated by impedance-based live cell imaging. By RNAseq we identified 7 additional RIPs (agrostins) in the transcriptome of the corn cockle. Agrostin was recombinantly expressed in E. coli and characterized by MALDI-TOF-MS and adenine releasing assay. This study provides for the first time a comprehensive analysis of ribosome-inactivating proteins in the corn cockle and complements the current knowledge about the toxic principles of the plant.
Anisotropic pressure in strange quark matter under the presence of a strong magnetic field
Creators: name: Isayev, A. A.
name: Yang, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Thermodynamic properties of strange quark matter in strong magnetic fields $H$ up to $10^{20}$ G are considered within the MIT bag model at zero temperature implying the constraints of total baryon number conservation, charge neutrality and chemical equilibrium. The pressure anisotropy, exhibiting in the difference between the pressures along and perpendicular to the field direction, becomes essential at $H>H_{th}$, with the estimate $10^{17}
description: Based on the reports at the 4th International Conference "Current Problems in Nuclear Physics and Atomic Energy", September 3 - 7, 2012 and International Conference "Problems of Theoretical Physics", dedicated to 100th anniversary of Prof. Alexander Davydov, October 8 - 11, 2012 at Kyiv, Ukraine; v2: extended references and discussion; to be publ
Constraining Background N2 Inventories on Directly Imaged Terrestrial Exoplanets to Rule Out O2 False Positives
Creators: name: Hall, Sawyer
name: Krissansen-Totton, Joshua
name: Robinson, Tyler
name: Salvador, Arnaud
name: Fortney, Jonathan J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Direct imaging spectroscopy with future space-based telescopes will constrain terrestrial planet atmospheric composition and potentially detect biosignature gases. One promising indication of life is abundant atmospheric O2. However, various non-biological processes could also lead to O2 accumulation in the atmospheres of potentially habitable planets around Sun-like stars. In particular, the absence of non-condensible background gases such as N2 could result in appreciable H escape and abiotic O2 buildup, so identifying background atmosphere composition is crucial for contextualizing any O2 detections. Here, we perform retrievals on simulated directly imaged terrestrial planets using rfast, a new exoplanet atmospheric retrieval suite with direct imaging analysis capabilities. By simulating Earth-analog retrievals for varied atmospheric compositions, cloud properties, and surface pressures, we determine what wavelength range, spectral resolution, and signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) are necessary to constrain background gases' identity and abundance. We find N2 backgrounds can be uniquely identified with S/N$\sim$20 observations, provided that wavelength coverage extends beyond $\sim$1.6 $μ$m to rule out CO-dominated atmospheres. Additionally, there is a low probability of O2-dominated atmospheres due to an O2-N2 degeneracy that is only totally ruled out at S/N$\sim$40. If wavelength coverage is limited to 0.2-1.1 $μ$m, then although all other cosmochemically plausible backgrounds can be readily excluded, N2 and CO backgrounds cannot be distinguished. Overall, our simulated retrievals and associated integration time calculations suggest that near-infrared coverage to at least 1.6 $μ$m and apertures approaching 8m are needed to confidently rule out O2 biosignature false positives within feasible integration times
description: 22 pages, 18 figures
Eugen v. Boch (1809-1898) als Altertumsforscher : zum Gedenken anläßlich seines 175. Geburtstages
Creators: name: Merten, Jürgen
Publisher: name: Funde und Ausgrabungen im Bezirk Trier
Year: 2019

description: [nicht vorhanden]
description: Funde und Ausgrabungen im Bezirk Trier, Bd. 16 (1984): Funde und Ausgrabungen im Bezirk Trier : Aus der Arbeit des Rheinischen Landesmuseums Trier
Above and belowground community strategies respond to different global change drivers
Creators: name: Adair, Karen L.
name: Lindgreen, Stinus
name: Poole, Anthony M.
name: Young, Laura M.
name: Bernard-Verdier, Maud
name: Wardle, David A.
name: Tylianakis, Jason M.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: environmental drivers
subject: communities
subject: belowground communities
subject: aboveground communities
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: Environmental changes alter the diversity and structure of communities. By shifting the range of species traits that will be successful under new conditions, environmental drivers can also dramatically impact ecosystem functioning and resilience. Above and belowground communities jointly regulate whole-ecosystem processes and responses to change, yet they are frequently studied separately. To determine whether these communities respond similarly to environmental changes, we measured taxonomic and trait-based responses of plant and soil microbial communities to four years of experimental warming and nitrogen deposition in a temperate grassland. Plant diversity responded strongly to N addition, whereas soil microbial communities responded primarily to warming, likely via an associated decrease in soil moisture. These above and belowground changes were associated with selection for more resource-conservative plant and microbe growth strategies, which reduced community functional diversity. Functional characteristics of plant and soil microbial communities were weakly correlated (P = 0.07) under control conditions, but not when above or belowground communities were altered by either global change driver. These results highlight the potential for global change drivers operating simultaneously to have asynchronous impacts on above and belowground components of ecosystems. Assessment of a single ecosystem component may therefore greatly underestimate the whole-system impact of global environmental changes.
Geometrical Frustration and Static Correlations in Hard-Sphere Glass Formers
Creators: name: Charbonneau, Benoit
name: Charbonneau, Patrick
name: Tarjus, Gilles
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analytically and numerically characterize the structure of hard-sphere fluids in order to review various geometrical frustration scenarios of the glass transition. We find generalized polytetrahedral order to be correlated with increasing fluid packing fraction, but to become increasingly irrelevant with increasing dimension. We also find the growth in structural correlations to be modest in the dynamical regime accessible to computer simulations.
description: 21 pages; part of the "Special Topic Issue on the Glass Transition"
Solutions for Intersecting Domain Walls with Internal Structure in Six Dimensions from a Z_2 x Z_2-invariant Action
Creators: name: Callen, Benjamin D.
name: Volkas, Raymond R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a generic Z_2 x Z_2-invariant scalar field theory with four real scalar fields in six-dimensional Minkowskian spacetime which yields solutions consisting of two intersecting domain-wall kinks which are each paired by fields with lump-like profiles. For a special parameter choice, analytic solutions can be obtained. We show that the Z_2 x Z_2 symmetry can be maintained while coupling fermions by introducing scalar Yukawa couplings to one kink-lump pair and six-dimensional pseudoscalar Yukawa couplings to the other, and we show that there exists a zero mode localized to the domain-wall junction in this case. We also show that scalar fields can be localized.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures, some corrections made. This paper has been published in Physical Review D
B decay anomalies in an effective theory
Creators: name: Choudhury, Debajyoti
name: Ghosh, Dilip Kumar
name: Kundu, Anirban
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate how far a new physics scenario affecting primarily the third generation fermions can ameliorate the tension between B-decay observables and Standard Model expectations. Adopting a model-independent approach, we find that among the three observables that show signs of such a tension, viz. the branching fractions for $B^+\toτν$, $B_d\to D(D^\ast)τν$, and the like-sign dimuon anomaly in neutral B decays, the first two can be explained adequately, while there is only a marginal improvement for the third. As a spin-off, it is shown that one can also accommodate a change in the branching fraction of the Higgs boson to a $τ$ lepton pair from the SM expectation, if such a change is established in future data.
description: Almost identical with version 2, version published in Phys. Rev. D
Das neue Grabungsschutzgebiet "Archäologisches Trier" : Erläuterungen der Landesarchäologie
Creators: name: Hupe, Joachim
Publisher: name: Funde und Ausgrabungen im Bezirk Trier
Year: 2019

description: [nicht vorhanden]
description: Funde und Ausgrabungen im Bezirk Trier, Bd. 43 (2011): Funde und Ausgrabungen im Bezirk Trier : Aus der Arbeit des Rheinischen Landesmuseums Trier
Can parasites adapt to pollutants? A multigenerational experiment with a Daphnia x Metschnikowia model system exposed to the fungicide tebuconazole
Creators: name: Cuco, Ana P.
name: Wolinska, Justyna
name: Santos, Joana I.
name: Abrantes, Nelson
name: Goncalves, Fernando J. M.
name: Castro, Bruno B.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Experimental evolution
subject: Host-parasite interactions
subject: Multigenerational effects
subject: Non-target aquatic fungi
subject: Phenotypic plasticity
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: There is increasing evidence about negative effects of fungicides on non-target organisms, including parasitic species, which are key elements in food webs. Previous experiments showed that environmentally relevant concentrations of fungicide tebuconazole are toxic to the microparasite Metschnikowia bicuspidata, a yeast species that infects the planktonic crustacean Daphnia spp. However, due to their short-term nature, this and other experimental studies were not able to test if parasites could potentially adapt to these contaminants. Here, we tested if M. bicuspidata parasite can adapt to tebuconazole selective pressure. Infected D. magna lineages were reared under control conditions (no tebuconazole) and environmentally realistic tebuconazole concentrations, for four generations, and their performance was compared in a follow-up reciprocal assay. Additionally, we assessed whether the observed effects were transient (phenotypic) or permanent (genetic), by reassessing parasite fitness after the removal of selective pressure. Parasite fitness was negatively affected throughout the multigenerational exposure to the fungicide: prevalence of infection and spore load decreased, whereas host longevity increased, in comparison to control (naive) parasite lineages. In a follow-up reciprocal assay, tebuconazole-conditioned (TEB) lineages performed worse than naive parasite lineages, both in treatments without and with tebuconazole, confirming the cumulative negative effect of tebuconazole. The underperformance of TEB lineages was rapidly reversed after removing the influence of the selective pressure (tebuconazole), demonstrating that the costs of prolonged exposure to tebuconazole were phenotypic and transient. The microparasitic yeast M. bicuspidata did not reveal potential for rapid evolution to an anthropogenic selective pressure; instead, the long-term exposure to tebuconazole was hazardous to this non-target species. These findings highlight the potential environmental risks of azole fungicides on non-target parasitic fungi. The underperformance of these microbes and their inability to adapt to such stressors can interfere with the key processes where they intervene. Further research is needed to rank fungicides based on the hazard to non-target fungi (parasites, but also symbionts and decomposers), towards more effective management and protective legislation.
Image-Based Soil Organic Carbon Remote Sensing from Satellite Images with Fourier Neural Operator and Structural Similarity
Creators: name: Wong, Ken C. L.
name: Klein, Levente
name: da Silva, Ademir Ferreira
name: Wang, Hongzhi
name: Singh, Jitendra
name: Syeda-Mahmood, Tanveer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration is the transfer and storage of atmospheric carbon dioxide in soils, which plays an important role in climate change mitigation. SOC concentration can be improved by proper land use, thus it is beneficial if SOC can be estimated at a regional or global scale. As multispectral satellite data can provide SOC-related information such as vegetation and soil properties at a global scale, estimation of SOC through satellite data has been explored as an alternative to manual soil sampling. Although existing studies show promising results, they are mainly based on pixel-based approaches with traditional machine learning methods, and convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are uncommon. To study the use of CNNs on SOC remote sensing, here we propose the FNO-DenseNet based on the Fourier neural operator (FNO). By combining the advantages of the FNO and DenseNet, the FNO-DenseNet outperformed the FNO in our experiments with hundreds of times fewer parameters. The FNO-DenseNet also outperformed a pixel-based random forest by 18% in the mean absolute percentage error.
description: This paper was accepted by the 2023 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 2023)
Über die Steinbeile der Umgegend von Halle a. S.
Creators: name: Luedecke, Otto
Publisher: name: Jahresschrift für mitteldeutsche Vorgeschichte
Year: 2019

description: -
description: Jahresschrift für mitteldeutsche Vorgeschichte, Bd. 1 (1902): Jahresschrift für Mitteldeutsche Vorgeschichte
Primed to be strong, primed to be fast: modeling benefits of microbial stress responses
Creators: name: Wesener, Felix
name: Tietjen, Britta
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: stress ecology
subject: adaptive defense
subject: primed response patterns
subject: cost–benefit analysis
subject: population dynamics
subject: community ecology
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::579 Mikroorganismen, Pilze, Algen

description: Organisms are prone to different stressors and have evolved various defense mechanisms. One such defense mechanism is priming, where a mild preceding stress prepares the organism toward an improved stress response. This improved response can strongly vary, and primed organisms have been found to respond with one of three response strategies: a shorter delay to stress, a faster buildup of their response or a more intense response. However, a universal comparative assessment, which response is superior under a given environmental setting, is missing. We investigate the benefits of the three improved responses for microorganisms with an ordinary differential equation model, simulating the impact of an external stress on a microbial population that is either naïve or primed. We systematically assess the resulting population performance for different costs associated with priming and stress conditions. Our results show that independent of stress type and priming costs, the stronger primed response is most beneficial for longer stress phases, while the faster and earlier responses increase population performance and survival probability under short stresses. Competition increases priming benefits and promotes the early stress response. This dependence on the ecological context highlights the importance of including primed response strategies into microbial stress ecology.
Brand- und Skelettgräber von Bodelwitz, Kr. Ziegenrück
Creators: name: Förtsch, Oskar
Publisher: name: Jahresschrift für mitteldeutsche Vorgeschichte
Year: 2019

description: -
description: Jahresschrift für mitteldeutsche Vorgeschichte, Bd. 1 (1902): Jahresschrift für Mitteldeutsche Vorgeschichte
Subhourly rainfall in a convection-permitting model
Creators: name: Meredith, Edmund P.
name: Ulbrich, Uwe
name: Rust, Henning W.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: subhourly precipitation
subject: convection-permitting model
subject: precipitation
subject: climate
subject: high resolution
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::550 Geowissenschaften, Geologie::551 Geologie, Hydrologie, Meteorologie

description: Convection-permitting models (CPMs)—the newest generation of high-resolution climate models—have been shown to greatly improve the representation of subdaily and hourly precipitation, in particular for extreme rainfall. Intense precipitation events, however, often occur on subhourly timescales. The distribution of subhourly precipitation, extreme or otherwise, during a rain event can furthermore have important knock-on effects on hydrological processes. Little is known about how well CPMs represent precipitation at the subhourly timescale, compared to the hourly. Here we perform multi-decadal CPM simulations centred over Catalonia and, comparing with a high temporal-resolution gauge network, find that the CPM simulates subhourly precipitation at least as well as hourly precipitation is simulated. While the CPM inherits a dry bias found in its parent model, across a range of diagnostics and aggregation times (5, 15, 30 and 60 min) we find no consistent evidence that the CPM precipitation bias worsens with shortening temporal aggregation. We furthermore show that the CPM excels in its representation of subhourly extremes, extending previous findings at the hourly timescale. Our findings support the use of CPMs for modelling subhourly rainfall and add confidence to CPM-based climate projections of future changes in subhourly precipitation, particularly for extremes.
Geschlossene vorgeschichtliche Funde aus den Kreisen Mansfeld (Gebirge und See), Querfurt und Sangerhausen
Creators: name: Grössler, Hermann
Publisher: name: Jahresschrift für mitteldeutsche Vorgeschichte
Year: 2019

description: -
description: Jahresschrift für mitteldeutsche Vorgeschichte, Bd. 1 (1902): Jahresschrift für Mitteldeutsche Vorgeschichte
Darin, darauf und daneben
Creators: name: Becker, Kristin
Publisher: name: KulturGut : aus der Forschung des Germanischen Nationalmuseums
Year: 2019

description: KulturGut : aus der Forschung des Germanischen Nationalmuseums, Nr. 62 (2019): KulturGut: aus der Forschung des Germanischen Nationalmuseums
Higher-Order Chromatin Structures of Chromosomally Integrated HHV-6A Predict Integration Sites
Creators: name: Mariani, Michael
name: Zimmerman, Cosima
name: Rodriguez, Princess
name: Hasenohr, Ellie
name: Aimola, Giulia
name: Gerrard, Diana Lea
name: Richman, Alyssa
name: Dest, Andrea
name: Flamand, Louis
name: Kaufer, Benedikt
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: epigenetics
subject: chromatin 3D architecture
subject: latency
subject: herpesvirus (hhv-6)
subject: gene expression
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: Human herpesvirus -6A and 6B (HHV-6A/B) can integrate their genomes into the telomeres of human chromosomes. Viral integration can occur in several cell types, including germinal cells, resulting in individuals that harbor the viral genome in every cell of their body. The integrated genome is efficiently silenced but can sporadically reactivate resulting in various clinical symptoms. To date, the integration mechanism and the subsequent silencing of HHV-6A/B genes remains poorly understood. Here we investigate the genome-wide chromatin contacts of the integrated HHV-6A in latently-infected cells. We show that HHV-6A becomes transcriptionally silent upon infection of these cells over the course of seven days. In addition, we established an HHV-6-specific 4C-seq approach, revealing that the HHV-6A 3D interactome is associated with quiescent chromatin states in cells harboring integrated virus. Furthermore, we observed that the majority of virus chromatin interactions occur toward the distal ends of specific human chromosomes. Exploiting this finding, we established a 4C-seq method that accurately detects the chromosomal integration sites. We further implement long-read minION sequencing in the 4C-seq assay and developed a method to identify HHV-6A/B integration sites in clinical samples.
Bonding, structures, and band gap closure of hydrogen at high pressures
Creators: name: Goncharov, Alexander F.
name: Tse, John S.
name: Wang, Hui
name: Yang, Jianjun
name: Struzhkin, Viktor V.
name: Howie, Ross T.
name: Gregoryanz, Eugene
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have studied dense hydrogen and deuterium experimentally up to 320 GPa and using ab initio molecular dynamic (MD) simulations up to 370 GPa between 250 and 300 K. Raman and optical absorption spectra show significant anharmonic and quantum effects in mixed atomic and molecular dense phase IV of hydrogen. In agreement with these observations, ab initio MD simulations near 300 K show extremely large atomic motions, which include molecular rotations, hopping and even pair fluctuations suggesting that phase IV may not have a well-defined crystalline structure. The structurally diverse layers (molecular and graphene-like) are strongly coupled thus opening an indirect band gap; moreover, at 300 GPa we find fast synchronized intralayer structural fluctuations. At 370 GPa the mixed structure collapses to form a metallic molecular Cmca-4 phase, which exhibit a new interstitial valence charge bonding scheme.
description: Main manuscript: 20 pages, 13 figures
Paramagnetic gold in a highly disordered Au-Ni-O alloy
Creators: name: Stamatelatos, A.
name: Poulopoulos, P.
name: Goschew, A.
name: Fumagalli, P.
name: Sarigiannidou, E.
name: Rapenne, L.
name: Opagiste, C.
name: Grammatikopoulos, S.
name: Wilhelm, F.
name: Rogalev, A.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: magnetic properties
subject: magnetic materials
subject: surfaces
subject: interfaces
subject: thin films
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::541 Physikalische Chemie

description: Magnetic materials are usually classified into a distinct category such as diamagnets, paramagnets or ferromagnets. The enormous progress in materials science allows one nowadays, however, to change the magnetic nature of an element in a material. Gold, in bulk form, is traditionally a diamagnet. But in a ferromagnetic environment, it can adopt an induced ferromagnetic moment. Moreover, the growth of gold under certain conditions may lead to a spontaneous ferromagnetic or paramagnetic response. Here, we report on paramagnetic gold in a highly disordered Au–Ni–O alloy and focus on the unusual magnetic response. Such materials are mainly considered for plasmonic applications. Thin films containing Au, Ni and NiO are fabricated by co-deposition of Ni and Au in a medium vacuum of 2 × 10−2 mbar. As a result, Au is in a fully disordered state forming in some cases isolated nanocrystallites of up to 4 nm in diameter as revealed by high resolution transmission electron microscopy. The disorder and the environment, which is rich in oxygen, lead to remarkable magnetic properties of Au: an induced ferromagnetic and a paramagnetic state. This can be proven by measuring the x-ray magnetic circular dichroism. Our experiments show a way to establish and monitor Au paramagnetism in alloys.
Buchrezension: Autonomes Fahren – Rechtsfolgen, Rechtsprobleme, technische Grundlagen
Creators: name: Tegel, Johannes
Publisher: name: Studentische Zeitschrift für Rechtswissenschaft Heidelberg – Wissenschaft Online
Year: 2019

description: Rezension des Werkes „Autonomes Fahren – Rechtsfolgen, Rechtsprobleme, technische Grundlagen“ von Bernd H. Oppermann/Jutta Stender-Vorwachs (Hrsg.), erschienen im C.H.BECK-Verlag, München 2017. XII, 349 Seiten, 59,00 €.
description: Studentische Zeitschrift für Rechtswissenschaft Heidelberg – Wissenschaft Online, Nr. 2 (2018): StudZR-WissOn
Invertible Darboux Transformations
Creators: name: Shemyakova, Ekaterina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: For operators of many different kinds it has been proved that (generalized) Darboux transformations can be built using so called Wronskian formulae. Such Darboux transformations are not invertible in the sense that the corresponding mappings of the operator kernels are not invertible. The only known invertible ones were Laplace transformations (and their compositions), which are special cases of Darboux transformations for hyperbolic bivariate operators of order 2. In the present paper we find a criteria for a bivariate linear partial differential operator of an arbitrary order d to have an invertible Darboux transformation. We show that Wronkian formulae may fail in some cases, and find sufficient conditions for such formulae to work.
David J. Mattingly, Tripolitania
Creators: name: Rebuffat, René
Publisher: name: Bonner Jahrbücher
Year: 2019

description: Rezension zu: David J. Mattingly, Tripolitania. B. T. Batsford Limited, London 1995. XIX, 265 Seiten, 146 Abbildungen im Text, 61 Tafeln im Anhang
description: Bonner Jahrbücher, Bd. 196.1996(1997): Bonner Jahrbücher
Computational Screening Of Functionalized Porphyrins For Dye Sensitized Solar Cells
Creators: name: Ørnsø, Kristian Baruël
name: Pedersen, Christian Søndergaard
name: Garcia-Lastra, Juan Maria
name: Thygesen, Kristian Sommer
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: DFT
Dye Sensitized Solar Cells
Database

description: An efficient dye sensitized solar cell (DSSC) is one possible solution to meet the world’s rapidly increasing energy demands and associated climate challenges. This requires inexpensive and stable dyes with well-positioned frontier energy levels for maximal solar absorption, efficient charge separation, and high output voltage. Here we demonstrate an extensive computational screening of 5000+ porphyrins systematically functionalized with electron donating side groups and electron accepting anchoring groups. The trends in frontier energy levels versus side groups are analyzed and a no-loss DSSC level alignment quality is estimated. All frontier energy levels, gaps and level alignment quality values are stored in a database publicly available.

The poster has been presented at the QuantumHagen conference.
Antimicrobial Resistance and Virulence of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus from Human, Chicken and Environmental Samples within Live Bird Markets in Three Nigerian Cities
Creators: name: Ogundipe, Flora Olubunmi
name: Ojo, Olufemi Ernest
name: Fessler, Andrea T.
name: Hanke, Dennis
name: Awoyomi, Olajoju Jokotola
name: Ojo, David Ajiboye
name: Akintokun, Aderonke Kofoworola
name: Schwarz, Stefan
name: Maurischat, Sven
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: CA-MRSA
subject: multidrug resistance
subject: Nigeria
subject: resistance genes
subject: sequence types
subject: SCCmec
subject: spatypes
subject: drutypes
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::630 Landwirtschaft::630 Landwirtschaft und verwandte Bereiche

description: Background: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has emerged as a major threat to public health. This study investigated the occurrence of MRSA in humans, chickens, chicken meat and environmental samples within poultry farms and live bird markets in southwestern Nigeria. Methods: MRSA were isolated using selective culture and tested for antimicrobial susceptibility by broth microdilution. Selected isolates were characterized by whole genome sequencing (WGS). From WGS data, spa, dru, multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and SCCmec types, but also virulence and antimicrobial resistance genes, were identified. Results: Fifty-six MRSA isolates were detected in 734 samples. They showed resistance to β-lactams (100%), tetracycline (60.7%), ciprofloxacin (33.9%), erythromycin (28.6%), gentamicin (32.1%), and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (10.7%). All 30 isolates investigated by WGS carried mecA, dfrG, and tet(38) genes. Other resistance genes detected were blaZ (83.3%), fosB (73.3%), tet(K) (60.0%), aacA-aphD (36.6%), aphA3 (33.3%), msr(A) (30.0%), mph(C) (30.0%), dfrS1 (3.3%), and sat4 (3.3%). Seven spa types (t091, t314, t657, t1476, t2331, t4690 and t12236), four known (dt9aw, dt10ao, dt10cj, and dt11a) and two novel (dt10dr and dt11dw) dru types, as well as five sequence types (ST8, ST121, ST152, ST772 and ST789) were found among the MRSA isolates. All ST121 isolates carried an SCCmec type IV cassette and were not dru-typeable. ST152 and ST121 were found only in specific sample categories within defined locations, while ST8 and ST772 were distributed across most sample categories and locations. Three SCCmec types, IVa, V and Vc, were identified. All MRSA isolates possessed virulence genes including aur, clpP, coa, fnbA, esaA, hly, hla, ica, isdA, srtB, sspA, and vWbp, among others. The toxic shock syndrome toxin gene (tst) was not detected in any isolate, whereas the Pantone–Valentine leukocidin genes lukF-PV/lukS-PV were present in all ST121, all ST772, and all but one ST152 isolates. Conclusion: The results of this study (i) showed that chicken meat is contaminated by MRSA and (ii) suggested that live bird markets may serve as focal points for the dissemination of MRSA within the community.