Cosmogenic production of $^{37}$Ar in the context of the LUX-ZEPLIN experiment
Creators: name: Aalbers, J.
name: Akerib, D. S.
name: Musalhi, A. K. Al
name: Alder, F.
name: Alsum, S. K.
name: Amarasinghe, C. S.
name: Ames, A.
name: Anderson, T. J.
name: Angelides, N.
name: Araújo, H. M.
name: Armstrong, J. E.
name: Arthurs, M.
name: Bai, X.
name: Baker, A.
name: Balajthy, J.
name: Balashov, S.
name: Bang, J.
name: Bargemann, J. W.
name: Bauer, D.
name: Baxter, A.
name: Beattie, K.
name: Bernard, E. P.
name: Bhatti, A.
name: Biekert, A.
name: Biesiadzinski, T. P.
name: Birch, H. J.
name: Blockinger, G. M.
name: Bodnia, E.
name: Boxer, B.
name: Brew, C. A. J.
name: Brás, P.
name: Burdin, S.
name: Busenitz, J. K.
name: Buuck, M.
name: Cabrita, R.
name: Carmona-Benitez, M. C.
name: Cascella, M.
name: Chan, C.
name: Chawla, A.
name: Chen, H.
name: Chott, N. I.
name: Cole, A.
name: Converse, M. V.
name: Cottle, A.
name: Cox, G.
name: Creaner, O.
name: Cutter, J. E.
name: Dahl, C. E.
name: David, A.
name: de Viveiros, L.
name: Dobson, J. E. Y.
name: Druszkiewicz, E.
name: Eriksen, S. R.
name: Fan, A.
name: Fayer, S.
name: Fearon, N. M.
name: Fiorucci, S.
name: Flaecher, H.
name: Fraser, E. D.
name: Fruth, T.
name: Gaitskell, R. J.
name: Genovesi, J.
name: Ghag, C.
name: Gibson, E.
name: Gilchriese, M. G. D.
name: Gokhale, S.
name: van der Grinten, M. G. D.
name: Gwilliam, C. B.
name: Hall, C. R.
name: Haselschwardt, S. J.
name: Hertel, S. A.
name: Horn, M.
name: Huang, D. Q.
name: Hunt, D.
name: Ignarra, C. M.
name: Jahangir, O.
name: James, R. S.
name: Ji, W.
name: Johnson, J.
name: Kaboth, A. C.
name: Kamaha, A. C.
name: Kamdin, K.
name: Khaitan, D.
name: Khazov, A.
name: Khurana, I.
name: Kodroff, D.
name: Korley, L.
name: Korolkova, E. V.
name: Kraus, H.
name: Kravitz, S.
name: Kreczko, L.
name: Kudryavtsev, V. A.
name: Leason, E. A.
name: Leonard, D. S.
name: Lesko, K. T.
name: Levy, C.
name: Lee, J.
name: Lin, J.
name: Lindote, A.
name: Linehan, R.
name: Lippincott, W. H.
name: Liu, X.
name: Lopes, M. I.
name: Asamar, E. Lopez
name: Lopez-Paredes, B.
name: Lorenzon, W.
name: Luitz, S.
name: Majewski, P. A.
name: Manalaysay, A.
name: Manenti, L.
name: Mannino, R. L.
name: Marangou, N.
name: McCarthy, M. E.
name: McKinsey, D. N.
name: McLaughlin, J.
name: Miller, E. H.
name: Mizrachi, E.
name: Monte, A.
name: Monzani, M. E.
name: Morad, J. A.
name: Mendoza, J. D. Morales
name: Morrison, E.
name: Mount, B. J.
name: Murphy, A. St. J.
name: Naim, D.
name: Naylor, A.
name: Nedlik, C.
name: Nelson, H. N.
name: Neves, F.
name: Nikoleyczik, J. A.
name: Nilima, A.
name: Olcina, I.
name: Oliver-Mallory, K.
name: Pal, S.
name: Palladino, K. J.
name: Palmer, J.
name: Parveen, N.
name: Patton, S. J.
name: Pease, E. K.
name: Penning, B.
name: Pereira, G.
name: Perry, E.
name: Pershing, J.
name: Piepke, A.
name: Porzio, D.
name: Qie, Y.
name: Reichenbacher, J.
name: Rhyne, C. A.
name: Richards, A.
name: Riffard, Q.
name: Riffard, %Q.
name: Rischbieter, G. R. C.
name: Rosero, R.
name: Rossiter, P.
name: Rushton, T.
name: Santone, D.
name: Sazzad, A. B. M. R.
name: Schnee, R. W.
name: Scovell, P. R.
name: Shaw, S.
name: Shutt, T. A.
name: Silk, J. J.
name: Silva, C.
name: Sinev, G.
name: Smith, R.
name: Solmaz, M.
name: Solovov, V. N.
name: Sorensen, P.
name: Soria, J.
name: Stancu, I.
name: Stevens, A.
name: Stifter, K.
name: Suerfu, B.
name: Sumner, T. J.
name: Swanson, N.
name: Szydagis, M.
name: Taylor, W. C.
name: Taylor, R.
name: Temples, D. J.
name: Terman, P. A.
name: Tiedt, D. R.
name: Timalsina, M.
name: To, W. H.
name: Tong, Z.
name: Tovey, D. R.
name: Trask, M.
name: Tripathi, M.
name: Tronstad, D. R.
name: Turner, W.
name: Utku, U.
name: Vaitkus, A.
name: Wang, B.
name: Wang, Y.
name: Wang, J. J.
name: Wang, W.
name: Watson, J. R.
name: Webb, R. C.
name: White, R. G.
name: Whitis, T. J.
name: Williams, M.
name: Wolfs, F. L. H.
name: Woodford, S.
name: Woodward, D.
name: Wright, C. J.
name: Xia, Q.
name: Xiang, X.
name: Xu, J.
name: Yeh, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We estimate the amount of $^{37}$Ar produced in natural xenon via cosmic ray-induced spallation, an inevitable consequence of the transportation and storage of xenon on the Earth's surface. We then calculate the resulting $^{37}$Ar concentration in a 10-tonne payload~(similar to that of the LUX-ZEPLIN experiment) assuming a representative schedule of xenon purification, storage and delivery to the underground facility. Using the spallation model by Silberberg and Tsao, the sea level production rate of $^{37}$Ar in natural xenon is estimated to be 0.024~atoms/kg/day. Assuming the xenon is successively purified to remove radioactive contaminants in 1-tonne batches at a rate of 1~tonne/month, the average $^{37}$Ar activity after 10~tonnes are purified and transported underground is 0.058--0.090~$μ$Bq/kg, depending on the degree of argon removal during above-ground purification. Such cosmogenic $^{37}$Ar will appear as a noticeable background in the early science data, while decaying with a 35~day half-life. This newly-noticed production mechanism of $^{37}$Ar should be considered when planning for future liquid xenon-based experiments.