True dark energy antimatter extinction theory
Creators: name: Kaya, Sahin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 510104
subject: Galactic astronomy
classificationCode: 510105
subject: General relativity and gravitational waves
classificationCode: 510109
subject: Stellar astronomy and planetary systems
classificationCode: 510103
subject: Cosmology and extragalactic astronomy
classificationCode: 510106
subject: High energy astrophysics and galactic cosmic rays
classificationCode: 510107
subject: Planetary science (excl. solar system and planetary geology)

description: Antimatter Dissolution Theory: A New Approach to Dark Energy and the Fate of the Universe Hi, I'm Şahin. In this theoretical study, I present a novel approach to explain the accelerated expansion of the universe. Rather than attributing this phenomenon to an undefined force like dark energy, I propose that it originates from antimatter slowly dissolving inside supermassive black holes, gradually releasing energy over cosmic timescales.Due to extreme time dilation within these black holes, the dissolution of antimatter appears incredibly slow to an outside observer, but in its own frame, it's active and continuous. This released energy pushes spacetime outward, causing cosmic expansion. I also suggest that what we observe as "dark matter" may actually be the gravitational effect of this still-undissolved antimatter.I welcome your thoughts and feedback on this theory.Full Text of the Theory:Antimatter Dissolution TheoryBy: Şahin T. KAYAIntroduction This theory attributes the universe’s accelerating expansion not to an undefined force like dark energy, but to antimatter dissolving over time inside supermassive black holes. This process releases energy that internally pushes spacetime outward.Core AssumptionsIn the early universe, matter and antimatter existed in symmetry.Antimatter, due to electromagnetic properties or local density variations, was pulled more into black holes.Time dilation inside black holes slows the decay of antimatter on a universal scale but allows continuous energy release in its own frame.The process is analogous to Hawking radiation but produces increasing energy over time.Time Dilation and Energy Emission According to General Relativity, time slows near black holes. At their core, time is nearly "frozen." While 13.8 billion years have passed outside, only months may have passed at the center. This enables the decay of antimatter to align with cosmic expansion.Mathematical Foundation Antimatter energy release: E(t) = E₀ (1 - e-βt) Where:E(t): Energy released at time tE₀: Total energy to be releasedβ: Time dilation parameterScale factor of the universe: a(t) ∝ ∫₀ᵗ E(t') dt' Hubble parameter: H(t) = ȧ(t) / a(t)Redefining Dark Energy This released energy has no temperature, high entropy, and directly expands spacetime.Dark Matter Reinterpreted Dark matter is not an independent entity; it’s the gravitational presence of undissolved antimatter inside black holes.Ultimate Fate of the UniverseAntimatter eventually dissolvesEnergy release stopsExpansion ceasesGravity dominatesUniverse collapses (Big Crunch)Graphical RepresentationE(t) slowly rises and asymptotically approaches E₀H(t) rises, stabilizes, then declinesa(t) expands, then flattens, then contractsReferencesHawking, S. (1974). Black Hole Explosions?Penrose, R. (1965). Spacetime SingularitiesBekenstein, J.D. (1973). Black Holes and EntropyRiess, A.G. et al. (1998). Supernovae and the Accelerating UniverseEinstein, A. (1915). Field Equations of GravitationWith this theory, he also explains why the universe is expanding at an ever-increasing rate, thanks to the fact that the universe destroys antimatter more strongly as time passes, and these hypermassive black holes absorb antimatter. The primordial antimatter that disappears with time stretches the space-time fabric more and the expansion continues at an accelerated pace, but this cycle is not infinite