cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Social determination of HIV : women’s relationship work in the context of mass incarceration and housing vulnerability
Creators: name: Blankenship, Kim
name: Rosenberg, Alana P.
name: Keene, Danya E.
name: Dawson, Akiv J.
name: Groves, Allison K.
name: Schlesinger, Penelope
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: We contrast a typical “social determinants of health” framing with a more dynamic and complex “social determination of health” framing to analyze HIV-related sexual risk among women in low-income, segregated neighborhoods in New Haven, CT. Using an abductive approach, we analyze repeated, longitudinal qualitative interviews conducted over a 2-year period with a sample of 14 HIV-negative women who engaged in sex with men during the study period. Three case studies are presented to demonstrate how behaviors and sexual practices typically described as HIV “risks” can be understood as part of the work of establishing and maintaining monogamous committed relationships, which we call “relationship work,” shaped in a context characterized by housing vulnerabilities and the many manifestations of mass incarceration and the surveillance state. We conclude by suggesting that for these women, their relationship work is the work of HIV prevention and life in low-income segregated neighborhoods is their HIV-related risk.
Minor alkaloids from an aqueous extract of the hook-bearing stem of Uncaria rhynchophylla
Creators: name: Li, Ruo-Fei
name: Cheng-Gen Zhu
name: Xu, Cheng-Bo
name: Guo, Qing-Lan
name: Shi, Jian-Gong
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Seven new monoterpene alkaloids (1−7), along with 18 known analogues, were isolated from an aqueous decoction of the hook-bearing stems of Uncaria rhynchophylla (Gou-teng). Their structures were determined by spectroscopic data analysis and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations. Compound 1 is the first monoterpene 22-norindoloquinolizidine alkaloid with a ketene unit, while 2 and 3 are unusual indoloquinolizidine alkaloids having an oxazinane ring.
On the Computation and Approximation of Outage Probability in Satellite Networks with Smart Gateway Diversity
Creators: name: Efrem, Christos N.
name: Panagopoulos, Athanasios D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The utilization of extremely high frequency (EHF) bands can achieve very high throughput in satellite networks (SatNets). Nevertheless, the severe rain attenuation at EHF bands imposes strict limitations on the system availability. Smart gateway diversity (SGD) is considered indispensable in order to guarantee the required availability with reasonable cost. In this context, we examine a load-sharing SGD (LS-SGD) architecture, which has been recently proposed in the literature. For this diversity scheme, we define the system outage probability (SOP) using a rigorous probabilistic analysis based on the Poisson binomial distribution (PBD), and taking into consideration the traffic demand as well as the gateway (GW) capacity. Furthermore, we provide several methods for the exact and approximate calculation of SOP. As concerns the exact computation of SOP, a closed-form expression and an efficient algorithm based on a recursive formula are given, both with quadratic worst-case complexity in the number of GWs. Finally, the proposed approximation methods include well-known probability distributions (binomial, Poisson, normal) and a Chernoff bound. According to the numerical results, binomial and Poisson distributions are by far the most accurate approximation methods.
description: 8 pages, 2 tables, 3 figures
All-Multiplicity One-Loop Corrections to MHV Amplitudes in QCD
Creators: name: Forde, Darren
name: Kosower, David A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the complete one-loop corrections to the simplest class of QCD gluon amplitudes, those with two color-adjacent opposite-helicity external particles. We present results for an arbitrary number of external legs. The computation uses the recently-developed on-shell recursion relations for the rational parts, along with older unitarity-based results for the cut-containing terms.
description: 5 pages; corrected typos, minor text addition; final Phys Rev version
The glow of primordial remnants
Creators: name: Chabrier, Gilles
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We determine the expected surface brightness and photometric signature of a white dwarf remnant population, issued from primordial low-mass stars formed at high redshifts, in today galactic halos. We examine the radial dependence of such a contribution as well as its redshift dependence. Such a halo diffuse radiation is below the detection limit of present large field ground-based surveys, but should be observable with the HST and with the future JWST project. Since the surface brightness does not depend on the distance, the integration of several galactic dark halos along the line of sight will raise appreciably the chances of detection. Both the detection or the non-detection of such a remnant diffuse radiation within relevant detection limits offer valuable information on the minimum mass for star formation in the early universe and on the evolution of the stellar initial mass function.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures, to be published in ApJ
Trading Under Risk and Uncertainty in an Agricultural Water Market in Chile
Creators: name: Hadjigeorgalis, Ereney
name: Hadjigeorgalis, Ereney
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: International Relations/Trade
Risk and Uncertainty

description: Risk and uncertainty in a water market generate trading patterns different from those expected under perfect foresight. Using data on leasing and permanent rights transactions collected from farmer surveys in Chile's Llmarl river basin, hypotheses regarding water market participation and the effect of risk on those decisions are tested.
Duality and interacting families in models with the inverse-squared interaction
Creators: name: Andric, Ivan
name: Jurman, Danijel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Weak-strong coupling duality relations are shown to be present in the quantum-mechanical many-body system with the interacting potential proportional to the pair-wise inverse-squared distance in addition to the harmonic potential. Using duality relations we have solved the problem of families interacting by the inverse-squared interaction. Owing to duality, the coupling constants of the families are mutually inverse. The spectrum and eigenfunctions are determined mainly algebraically owing to O(2,1) dynamical symmetry. The constructed Hamiltonian for families and appropriate solutions are of hierarchical nature.
description: 10 pages
DENSIDAD ÓPTIMA DE CAMINOS Y ACOPIADEROS EN EL MANEJO DE BOSQUES NATURALES EN MATO GROSSO, BRASIL
Creators: name: Acosta, Fidel Cándano
name: Romeo, Alberto Peñalver
name: Rodríguez, Marcos Pedro Ramos
name: Drescher, Ronaldo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 70504 Forestry Management and Environment
subject: FOS: Agriculture, forestry and fisheries

description: El trabajo se realizó en un área de explotación maderera en bosques naturales en el Estado de Mato Grosso, Brasil, donde se practica el corte selectivo de árboles maduros con fines prescritos en el Plan de Manejo Forestal. El objetivo fue demostrar que el actual esquema de la infraestructura de caminos y acopiaderos de madera aplicada en los planes de manejo no minimiza el costo general de la cosecha de madera. Fue utilizada la información referente a la construcción de caminos y acopiaderos con el tractor de estera FIATALLIS Ad7-b y el arrastre de árboles con el tractor forestal (skidder) CATERPILAR 525 durante 17 jornadas de trabajo. A través del cálculo e interacción de los costos de ambas operaciones se obtuvo un valor mínimo para las mismas. La información fue procesada con el Software PACE (Automated Program for Evaluating Costs). Los resultados demostraron que el modelo sistemático aplicado tradicionalmente en la proyección y construcción de la infraestructura vial en el área de explotación no minimiza el costo del sistema de cosecha de madera. La propuesta reduce en 26,2% la densidad actual de caminos disminuyendo el costo del sistema de cosecha en 0,15 USD.m-3 sin alterar significativamente la productividad y el costo del arrastre de madera.
Social determination of HIV : women’s relationship work in the context of mass incarceration and housing vulnerability
Creators: name: Blankenship, Kim
name: Rosenberg, Alana P.
name: Keene, Danya E.
name: Dawson, Akiv J.
name: Groves, Allison K.
name: Schlesinger, Penelope
Publisher: name: AIDS and Behavior
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 42
subject: Health sciences
subject: FOS: Health sciences
classificationCode: 4206
subject: Public health

description: We contrast a typical “social determinants of health” framing with a more dynamic and complex “social determination of health” framing to analyze HIV-related sexual risk among women in low-income, segregated neighborhoods in New Haven, CT. Using an abductive approach, we analyze repeated, longitudinal qualitative interviews conducted over a 2-year period with a sample of 14 HIV-negative women who engaged in sex with men during the study period. Three case studies are presented to demonstrate how behaviors and sexual practices typically described as HIV “risks” can be understood as part of the work of establishing and maintaining monogamous committed relationships, which we call “relationship work,” shaped in a context characterized by housing vulnerabilities and the many manifestations of mass incarceration and the surveillance state. We conclude by suggesting that for these women, their relationship work is the work of HIV prevention and life in low-income segregated neighborhoods is their HIV-related risk.
A mean redshift of 2.8 for Swift gamma-ray bursts
Creators: name: Jakobsson, P.
name: Levan, A.
name: Fynbo, J. P. U.
name: Priddey, R.
name: Hjorth, J.
name: Tanvir, N.
name: Watson, D.
name: Jensen, B. L.
name: Sollerman, J.
name: Natarajan, P.
name: Gorosabel, J.
name: Cerón, J. M. Castro
name: Pedersen, K.
name: Pursimo, T.
name: Árnadóttir, A. S.
name: Castro-Tirado, A. J.
name: Davis, C. J.
name: Deeg, H. J.
name: Fiuza, D. A.
name: Mykolaitis, S.
name: Sousa, S. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The exceptionally high luminosities of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), gradually emerging as extremely useful probes of star formation, make them promising tools for exploration of the high-redshift Universe. Here we present a carefully selected sample of Swift GRBs, intended to estimate in an unbiased way the GRB mean redshift (z_mean), constraints on the fraction of high-redshift bursts and an upper limit on the fraction of heavily obscured afterglows. We find that z_mean = 2.8 and that at least 7% of GRBs originate at z > 5. In addition, consistent with pre-Swift observations, at most 20% of afterglows can be heavily obscured. The redshift distribution of the sample is qualitatively consistent with models where the GRB rate is proportional to the star formation rate in the Universe. We also report optical, near-infrared and X-ray observations of the afterglow of GRB 050814, which was seen to exhibit very red optical colours. By modelling its spectral energy distribution we find that z = 5.3 +/- 0.3. The high mean redshift of GRBs and their wide redshift range clearly demonstrates their suitability as efficient probes of galaxies and the intergalactic medium over a significant fraction of the history of the Universe.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures. Accepted for publication in A&A; minor changes to text and Figs 1 and 2 updated
Introduction : symposium on the work of Ruth Grant
Creators: name: Merrill, Thomas W.
Publisher: name: Perspectives on Political Science
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 44
subject: Human society
classificationCode: 4408
subject: Political science
subject: FOS: Political science

description: Perspectives on Political Science, Volume 50, Issue 2, Pages 68 - 71, 2021.
TRANSFER FUNCTIONS AND OPERATOR THEORY
Creators: name: Bart, H.
name: Bart, H.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1985
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: The notion of a transfer function from systems theory, serves as an important tool in dealing with certain problems in operator and matrix theory. This is illustrated with a variety of material taken from existing literature. A striking feature of the results is their high degree of explicitness.
Vizcaya lombokensis Liang 2002, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Liang, Ai-Ping
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2002
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Delphacidae
Vizcaya
Vizcaya lombokensis

description: Vizcaya lombokensis sp. nov.
(®gures 6, 52, 53, 70±74)
Length: 5.7 mm.
 External characters and colour as in V. adornata Asche (see description of adornata given by Asche, 1990: 160) but diOEers in its smaller size, narrower body, base and basal lateral margins of vertex and central and posterior areas of pronotum pale ochraceous, forewings with apical fuscous patch greatly reduced, very small, narrow and slender, occurring over less than one-third of the apical area, the fuscous stripe at apical costal area very long, clavus and costal margin without distinct fuscous suOEusion (®gure 52) and the right metatibial spur with six teeth (including the apical tooth) (left hind leg missing).
Male genitalia with pygofer (®gures 70, 71) distinctly long ventrally and very short dorsally in lateral aspect, laterodorsal edges distinctly produced caudad, with one distinct, small tooth subapically on dorsal margin; median projection of ventrocaudal margin of pygofer narrrow, nearly V-shaped distally in ventral aspect (®gure 73); paramere (®gure 70) relatively evenly broad, gradually tapered from subbasal part to apex; aedeagus (®gure 74) with shaft expanded mesially, with two short, equal-lengthed, relatively broad, ventrally directed, apical spinose processes, both processes expanded subapically with apex acute.
 Etymology. This species is named for its occurrence in Lombok.
 Material examined. HOLOTYPE, Indonesia: Lombok, Sapit, 2000 ft, April 1896 (H. Fruhstorfer), [Matsumura’s handwriting] Hygops [sic] curvfascia det. Matsumura (HUS).
 Distribution. Indonesia (Lombok). This is the ®rst report of Vizcaya species from Lombok.
 Remarks. This species diOEers from other species by its more slender body (®gure 6). In other respects it is similar to V. adornata Asche but diOEers in the characters noted in the above description.
description: Published as part of Liang, Ai-Ping, 2002, New taxa of Vizcayinae (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha: Delphacidae), including a remarkable new genus from China, pp. 601-616 in Journal of Natural History 36 (5) on page 614, DOI: 10.1080/00222930110062327, http://zenodo.org/record/4747657
Molecular basis of ALK1-mediated signalling by BMP9/BMP10 and their prodomain-bound forms
Creators: name: Salmon, Richard M.
name: Guo, Jingxu
name: Wood, Jennifer H.
name: Tong, Zhen
name: Beech, John S.
name: Lawera, Aleksandra
name: Yu, Minmin
name: Grainger, David J.
name: Reckless, Jill
name: Morrell, Nicholas W.
name: Li, Wei
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Article
/631/45/127/1219
/631/80/86/2368
/631/443/63
/631/535/1266
/145
/96/95
/82/103
/82/83
/82/80
/82/51
/96/1
/82/16
/82/29
/38/61
article

description: Abstract: Activin receptor-like kinase 1 (ALK1)-mediated endothelial cell signalling in response to bone morphogenetic protein 9 (BMP9) and BMP10 is of significant importance in cardiovascular disease and cancer. However, detailed molecular mechanisms of ALK1-mediated signalling remain unclear. Here, we report crystal structures of the BMP10:ALK1 complex at 2.3 Å and the prodomain-bound BMP9:ALK1 complex at 3.3 Å. Structural analyses reveal a tripartite recognition mechanism that defines BMP9 and BMP10 specificity for ALK1, and predict that crossveinless 2 is not an inhibitor of BMP9, which is confirmed by experimental evidence. Introduction of BMP10-specific residues into BMP9 yields BMP10-like ligands with diminished signalling activity in C2C12 cells, validating the tripartite mechanism. The loss of osteogenic signalling in C2C12 does not translate into non-osteogenic activity in vivo and BMP10 also induces bone-formation. Collectively, these data provide insight into ALK1-mediated BMP9 and BMP10 signalling, facilitating therapeutic targeting of this important pathway.
Vizcaya vindaloa Asche 1990
Creators: name: Liang, Ai-Ping
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2002
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Delphacidae
Vizcaya
Vizcaya vindaloa

description: Vizcaya vindaloa Asche
(®gures 8, 9, 49±51, 65±69)
 Vizcaya vindaloa Asche, 1990: 174, ®gures 47±49.
HOLOTYPE, India (BMNH) [examined].
This species was described and illustrated by Asche (1990) from a single female specimen taken at south India. An additional male and female specimen from southern India were found during this work. The male diOEers from the female in its smaller size (6.2 mm) and in having its ®rst antennal segment slightly more elongate (compare ®gure 49 with Asche, 1990: ®gure 48). The second antennal segment (missing from the type described by Asche), is shown in ®gures 8, 9, 49.
Male genitalia with pygofer (®gures 65, 66) with laterodorsal edges with one small and short tooth subapically on dorsal margin; median projection of ventrocaudal margin (®gure 68) short, and relatively narrow, nearly V-shaped distally in ventral aspect; parameres (®gure 65) distinctly broad subbasally, tapered to relatively broad apex; aedeagus (®gure 69) with three spinose processes subapically, the longest one extending nearly to middle of shaft, a little expanded beyond middle and then tapered to acute apex, the middle-lengthed one expanded subapically with acute apex, the shortest one acute.
 Material examined. HOLOTYPE, India: Thekkadi, Periyar Dam, Travancore, 6±10 May [19] 37 [underside] B. M.-C. M. Expdn. to South India. April ± May 1937; [red label] HOLOTYPE Vizcaya vindaloa n. sp. det. M. Asche 1990 (BMNH).
 South India: 1, 1, Madras State, Anamalai Hills, Cinchona, 1067 m, May 1959 (P. S. Nathan); 1 [abdomen missing], Cherangode, Nilgiri Hills, 3500 ft, October 1950 (P. S. Nathan) (CAS).
 Distribution. South India.
 Remarks. This species is similar to another Indian species, V. aschei (see remarks under aschei).
description: Published as part of Liang, Ai-Ping, 2002, New taxa of Vizcayinae (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha: Delphacidae), including a remarkable new genus from China, pp. 601-616 in Journal of Natural History 36 (5) on pages 615-616, DOI: 10.1080/00222930110062327, http://zenodo.org/record/4747657
Magnetic and transport anomalies in the compounds, RCuAs2 (R= Pr, Nd, Sm, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, and Er)
Creators: name: Sengupta, Kausik
name: Rayaprol, S.
name: Sampathkumaran, E. V.
name: Doert, Th.
name: Jemetio, J. P. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The results of dc magnetization, heat capacity, electrical resistivity (rho) and magnetoresistance measurements are reported in detail for the compounds, RCuAs2 for R= Pr, Nd, Sm, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, and Er, crystallizing in HfCuSi2-type tetragonal structure, with the aim of bringing out anomalies among 'normal' (that is, other than Ce and Yb) rare-earths. The results establish that all these compounds order antiferromagnetically at low temperatures with deviations from de Gennes scaling. Isothermal magnetization (M) data below respective Neel temperatures (TN) reveal the existence of field-induced metamagnetic-like transitions for most of the compounds (except R= Sm and Gd), whereas in Sm and Gd compounds M varies essentially linearly with magnetic field. With respect to the rho behavior, there appears to be a subtle difference in the temperature dependence beyond 50 K between Sm on the one hand and the rest on the other. In addition, the unexpected rho(T) minimum reported recently for R = Sm, Gd, Tb and Dy in the paramagnetic state (around 20 to 30 K) is essentially absent for R = Ho and Er. The results overall reveal that the normal rare-earths in this series present an interesting situation in magnetism, warranting a new theoretical approach to describe the transport behavior in the paramagnetic state particularly in the vicinity of TN.
description: Accepted for publication in Physica B (Elsevier)
title: Novel antioxidant compounds
Creators: name: Parry, Adrian Trevor
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 1996

description: The autoxidation process, mechanism of action of radical-trapping antioxidants and the problem of textile yellowing are described and reviewed. Structures implicit in the function of an antioxidant by promotion of radical stabihsation are identified and textile yellowing is attributed largely to reactions of antioxidants with NO2.

The reaction of ethanolic solutions of 2,6-di-r-butyl-4-methylphenol (BHT) with several concentrations of gaseous NO2 are investigated. The main products are 2,6-dir-butyl-4-methyl-4-hydroxy-2,5-cyclohexadienone (MQOL) and 2,6-di-r-butyl-4-methyl-4-nitro-2,5-cyclohexadienone (MQN). Additional products are observed when lower- concentrations of BHT and NO2 are employed. The major product, MQN, is shown to be unstable in aqueous ethanohc solutions and the yellowing component of the reaction solutions is identified as 2,6-di-r-butyl-4-nitrophenol (NP).

Two methods for screening potential compounds for antioxidant activity involving the inhibition of BHT product formation and the NO2-/NO3-ratio are described. They indicate that kojic acid, maltol and 2,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxyfuranone possess similar degrees of antioxidant activity to BHT. This is shown to be consistent with antioxidant function being promoted by the structural features identified.

A quantitative NO2-yellowing test is described which allows rapid determination of the yellowing indices (OUYI) of test compounds. The results support the use of kojic acid and maltol as alternatives to BHT.

An investigation of kojic acid indicates that it is both nitrosated by gaseous NO2, and undergoes a complicated series of reactions. Investigations with 3-methylcyclopentane-1,2-dione confirm that cychc 1,2-diones both reduce and trap gaseous NO2, a possible strategy for reducing yellowing.

The foregoing studies indicate possible structural requirements for a NO2yellowing antioxidant and the synthesis of several N-(3,5-di-r-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) cyclic imides has been accomplished. This has provided a group of new compounds which show similar antioxidant activity to BHT, but are less prone to NO2-yellowing than 4-substituted hindered phenols possessing labile hydrogen atoms. Studies on the solvolysis of these cyclic imide compounds suggest that sufficient stability to obtain a commercially useful antioxidant may be imparted by the bulky alkyl substituents in the imide ring, as in the case of N-(3,5-di-f-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-3,3-dimethylglutarimide and N-(3,5-di-tbutyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-2,3-diethyl-2,3-dimethylsuccinimide which have been successfully prepared.
The impact of Medicaid expansions on nonprofit hospitals
Creators: name: Wang, Rui
name: AbouAssi, Khaldoun
Publisher: name: Nonprofit Policy Forum
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 42
subject: Health sciences
subject: FOS: Health sciences
classificationCode: 4203
subject: Health services and systems

description: The 2010 Affordable Care Act expanded Medicaid eligibility to states’ residents with incomes below the federal poverty line, creating both opportunities and challenges to hospitals in states that adopted the new Medicaid eligibility. This article explores the effect of Medicaid expansions on nonprofit hospitals. Using data from Internal Revenue Service and a difference-in-differences design, this article examines the impact of the expansions on the number of, contributions to, and profitability of nonprofit hospitals. The results suggest that Medicaid expansions did not affect the number and profitability of nonprofit hospitals; however, the expansions were associated with a reduction in contributions to certain types of hospitals by around 23%. Therefore, the effects of policy changes vary by the type of nonprofit hospitals, which then need to find better strategies to cope with these changes.
Zebrafish optomotor response and morphology are altered by transient, developmental exposure to bisphenol-a
Creators: name: Crowley-Perry, Mikayla
name: Barberio, Angelo J.
name: Zeino, Jude
name: Winston, Erica R.
name: Connaughton, Victoria
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Estrogen-specific endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) are potent modulators of neural and visual development and common environmental contaminants. Using zebrafish, we examined the long-term impact of abnormal estrogenic signaling by testing the effects of acute, early exposure to bisphenol-A (BPA), a weak estrogen agonist, on later visually guided behaviors. Zebrafish aged 24 h postfertilization (hpf), 72 hpf, and 7 days postfertilization (dpf) were exposed to 0.001 µM or 0.1 µM BPA for 24 h, and then allowed to recover for 1 or 2 weeks. Morphology and optomotor responses (OMRs) were assessed after 1 and 2 weeks of recovery for 24 hpf and 72 hpf exposure groups; 7 dpf exposure groups were additionally assessed immediately after exposure. Increased notochord length was seen in 0.001 µM exposed larvae and decreased in 0.1 µM exposed larvae across all age groups. Positive OMR was significantly increased at 1 and 2 weeks post-exposure in larvae exposed to 0.1 µM BPA when they were 72 hpf or 7 dpf, while positive OMR was increased after 2 weeks of recovery in larvae exposed to 0.001 µM BPA at 72 hpf. A time-delayed increase in eye diameter occurred in both BPA treatment groups at 72 hpf exposure; while a transient increase occurred in 7 dpf larvae exposed to 0.1 µM BPA. Overall, short-term developmental exposure to environmentally relevant BPA levels caused concentration-and age-dependent effects on zebrafish visual anatomy and function.
Zebrafish optomotor response and morphology are altered by transient, developmental exposure to bisphenol-a
Creators: name: Crowley-Perry, Mikayla
name: Barberio, Angelo J.
name: Zeino, Jude
name: Winston, Erica R.
name: Connaughton, Victoria
Publisher: name: Journal of Developmental Biology
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 31
subject: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Estrogen-specific endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) are potent modulators of neural and visual development and common environmental contaminants. Using zebrafish, we examined the long-term impact of abnormal estrogenic signaling by testing the effects of acute, early exposure to bisphenol-A (BPA), a weak estrogen agonist, on later visually guided behaviors. Zebrafish aged 24 h postfertilization (hpf), 72 hpf, and 7 days postfertilization (dpf) were exposed to 0.001 µM or 0.1 µM BPA for 24 h, and then allowed to recover for 1 or 2 weeks. Morphology and optomotor responses (OMRs) were assessed after 1 and 2 weeks of recovery for 24 hpf and 72 hpf exposure groups; 7 dpf exposure groups were additionally assessed immediately after exposure. Increased notochord length was seen in 0.001 µM exposed larvae and decreased in 0.1 µM exposed larvae across all age groups. Positive OMR was significantly increased at 1 and 2 weeks post-exposure in larvae exposed to 0.1 µM BPA when they were 72 hpf or 7 dpf, while positive OMR was increased after 2 weeks of recovery in larvae exposed to 0.001 µM BPA at 72 hpf. A time-delayed increase in eye diameter occurred in both BPA treatment groups at 72 hpf exposure; while a transient increase occurred in 7 dpf larvae exposed to 0.1 µM BPA. Overall, short-term developmental exposure to environmentally relevant BPA levels caused concentration-and age-dependent effects on zebrafish visual anatomy and function.
Craig Coil Named Deputy Warden of Operations at Wilkinson County Correctional Facility
Creators: name: Barnes, Roscoe
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 210304 Biography
subject: FOS: History and archaeology
subject: 180110 Criminal Law and Procedure
subject: FOS: Law
subject: Law
subject: 180119 Law and Society
subject: 180199 Law not elsewhere classified
subject: 160299 Criminology not elsewhere classified
subject: 160205 Police Administration, Procedures and Practice

description: This is a news report featuring Mr. Craig Coil, a former warden with the Federal Bureau of Prisons (FBOP), who is now the deputy warden of operations at Wilkinson County Correctional Facility (WCCF) in Woodville, Miss. The prison is privately managed by MTC of Utah.
Leadership lessons untold : A new history of Robert McNamara’s World Bank
Creators: name: Heath, John Richard
name: McCann, Leo
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Leadership education can be reductionist and facile. Recent scholarship in management and organizational history has reexamined many of the most established business school concepts and literatures, rethinking the ‘lessons’ taught from – among others – Taylor, Maslow and the Human Relations School. This study similarly uses historical methods (oral historical and archival) to analyse the career of Robert S. McNamara, a major figure often portrayed simplistically in leadership literature. McNamara is often characterized as a ‘good manager but poor leader’, notorious for failures associated with micromanaging by questionable metrics. While this picture is partially accurate, it is far from complete. McNamara’s career – for all its management failures and weaknesses – also featured many traits associated with celebrated concepts of ‘leadership’, especially during his long tenure as President of the World Bank (1968–81). We develop an historical narrative that reevaluates and updates our understanding of this comparatively unexplored latter stage of McNamara’s career. The article argues against the construction of simplistic ‘leadership lessons’ that suffer from three weaknesses: (1) a poor grasp of historical events, (2) a weak understanding of history as a discipline and (3) a reliance on artificial constructs and dichotomies, such as leadership (good) versus management (bad). We suggest that there is much to learn from deepening the scholarly relationship between critical leadership studies and management history.
Fully distributed Nash equilibrium seeking over time-varying communication networks with linear convergence rate
Creators: name: Bianchi, Mattia
name: Grammatico, Sergio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We design a distributed algorithm for learning Nash equilibria over time-varying communication networks in a partial-decision information scenario, where each agent can access its own cost function and local feasible set, but can only observe the actions of some neighbors. Our algorithm is based on projected pseudo-gradient dynamics, augmented with consensual terms. Under strong monotonicity and Lipschitz continuity of the game mapping, we provide a very simple proof of linear convergence, based on a contractivity property of the iterates. Compared to similar solutions proposed in literature, we also allow for a time-varying communication and derive tighter bounds on the step sizes that ensure convergence. In fact, in our numerical simulations, our algorithm outperforms the existing gradient-based methods, when the step sizes are set to their theoretical upper bounds. Finally, to relax the assumptions on the network structure, we propose a different pseudo-gradient algorithm, which is guaranteed to converge on time-varying balanced directed graphs.
Angiotensinogen and the Modulation of Blood Pressure
Creators: name: Shu, Zimei
name: Wan, Jiahui
name: Read, Randy J.
name: Carrell, Robin W.
name: Zhou, Aiwu
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Cardiovascular Medicine
serpin
angiotensinogen
renin
tail-in-mouth
allosteric
redox switch
hypertension
pre-eclampsia

description: The angiotensin peptides that control blood pressure are released from the non-inhibitory plasma serpin, angiotensinogen, on cleavage of its extended N-terminal tail by the specific aspartyl-protease, renin. Angiotensinogen had previously been assumed to be a passive substrate, but we describe here how recent studies reveal an inherent conformational mechanism that is critical to the cleavage and release of the angiotensin peptides and consequently to the control of blood pressure. A series of crystallographic structures of angiotensinogen and its derivative forms, together with its complexes with renin show in molecular detail how the interaction with renin triggers a profound shift of the amino-terminal tail of angiotensinogen with modulation occurring at several levels. The tail of angiotensinogen is restrained by a labile disulfide bond, with changes in its redox status affecting angiotensin release, as demonstrably so in the hypertensive complication of pregnancy, pre-eclampsia. The shift of the tail also enhances the binding of renin through a tail-in-mouth allosteric mechanism. The N-terminus is now seen to insert into a pocket equivalent to the hormone-binding site on other serpins, with helix H of angiotensinogen unwinding to form key interactions with renin. The findings explain the precise species specificity of the interaction with renin and with variant carbohydrate linkages. Overall, the studies provide new insights into the physiological regulation of angiotensin release, with an ability to respond to local tissue and temperature changes, and with the opening of strategies for the development of novel agents for the treatment of hypertension.
On the source of the late-time infrared luminosity of SN 1998S and other type II supernovae
Creators: name: Pozzo, M.
name: Meikle, W. P. S.
name: Fassia, A.
name: Geballe, T.
name: Lundqvist, P.
name: Chugai, N. N.
name: Sollerman, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present late-time near-infrared (NIR) and optical observations of the type IIn SN 1998S. The NIR photometry spans 333-1242 days after explosion, while the NIR and optical spectra cover 333-1191 days and 305-1093 days respectively. The NIR photometry extends to the M'-band (4.7 mu), making SN 1998S only the second ever supernova for which such a long IR wavelength has been detected. The shape and evolution of the H alpha and HeI 1.083 mu line profiles indicate a powerful interaction with a progenitor wind, as well as providing evidence of dust condensation within the ejecta. The latest optical spectrum suggests that the wind had been flowing for at least 430 years. The intensity and rise of the HK continuum towards longer wavelengths together with the relatively bright L' and M' magnitudes shows that the NIR emission was due to hot dust newly-formed in supernovae may provide the ejecta and/or pre-existing dust in the progenitor circumstellar medium (CSM). [ABRIDGED] Possible origins for the NIR emission are considered. Significant radioactive heating of ejecta dust is ruled out, as is shock/X-ray-precursor heating of CSM dust. More plausible sources are (a) an IR-echo from CSM dust driven by the UV/optical peak luminosity, and (b) emission from newly-condensed dust which formed within a cool, dense shell produced by the ejecta shock/CSM interaction. We argue that the evidence favours the condensing dust hypothesis, although an IR-echo is not ruled out. Within the condensing-dust scenario, the IR luminosity indicates the presence of at least 0.001 solar masses of dust in the ejecta, and probably considerably more. Finally, we show that the late-time intrinsic (K-L') evolution of type II supernovae may provide a useful tool for determining the presence or absence of a massive CSM around their progenitor stars.
description: 23 pages, 15 figures, to be published in MNRAS
CP Violation from 5-dimensional QED
Creators: name: Grzadkowski, Bohdan
name: Wudka, Jose
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has been shown that QED in (1+4)-dimensional space-time, with the fifth dimension compactified on a circle, leads to CP violation (CPV). Depending on fermionic boundary conditions, CPV may be either explicit (through the Scherk--Schwarz mechanism), or spontaneous (via the Hosotani mechanism). The fifth component of the gauge field acquires (at the one-loop level) a non-zero vacuum expectation value. In the presence of two fermionic fields, this leads to spontaneous CPV in the case of CP-symmetric boundary conditions. Phenomenological consequences are illustrated by a calculation of the electric dipole moment for the fermionic zero-modes.
description: 11 pages, 2 figures
Leadership lessons untold : A new history of Robert McNamara’s World Bank
Creators: name: Heath, John Richard
name: McCann, Leo
Publisher: name: Leadership
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 35
subject: Commerce, management, tourism and services

description: Leadership education can be reductionist and facile. Recent scholarship in management and organizational history has reexamined many of the most established business school concepts and literatures, rethinking the ‘lessons’ taught from – among others – Taylor, Maslow and the Human Relations School. This study similarly uses historical methods (oral historical and archival) to analyse the career of Robert S. McNamara, a major figure often portrayed simplistically in leadership literature. McNamara is often characterized as a ‘good manager but poor leader’, notorious for failures associated with micromanaging by questionable metrics. While this picture is partially accurate, it is far from complete. McNamara’s career – for all its management failures and weaknesses – also featured many traits associated with celebrated concepts of ‘leadership’, especially during his long tenure as President of the World Bank (1968–81). We develop an historical narrative that reevaluates and updates our understanding of this comparatively unexplored latter stage of McNamara’s career. The article argues against the construction of simplistic ‘leadership lessons’ that suffer from three weaknesses: (1) a poor grasp of historical events, (2) a weak understanding of history as a discipline and (3) a reliance on artificial constructs and dichotomies, such as leadership (good) versus management (bad). We suggest that there is much to learn from deepening the scholarly relationship between critical leadership studies and management history.
Assessing the Impacts of Agroforestry Adoption on the Sustainability of Smallholder Farmers In Northwest Vietnam
Creators: name: Thuong, Dang Thi Thanh
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2021
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: In Northwest Vietnam, intensification of agricultural production, especially the widespread monoculture of maize, has negatively impacted the environment, triggering land degradation and landslides, harming households’ livelihoods. Agroforestry has emerged as a potential solution to achieve sustainability goals and reverse the current degradation trends. The thesis aims to quantify the sustainability improvement in agricultural production of households in Northwest Vietnam with agroforestry. The two objectives are hence i) to understand the diversity of households driving the impacts of agroforestry and ii) to quantify the impacts of agroforestry in different sustainability dimensions in different types of households. To accomplish the two objectives, the socioeconomic and biophysical heterogeneity in the region was described by combining the Principal Component Analysis with agglomerative clustering to reduce the high variability of the dataset and classify households into clusters. After that, the significant impacts of agroforestry adoption were investigated through sustainability assessment by applying the Propensity Score Matching before calculating the Average Treatment Effect on the Treated. Five clusters of smallholder farmers were found, namely: Off-farm-and-livestock producers, pure off-farm-income-based producers, pure crop-income-based households, fruit-tree-based producers, and coffee-and-tea-based producers. Soil types, land use certification, and distance from home to output markets significantly improve the probability of adopting agroforestry. Being a H’mong, one of the most populated ethnic minority groups in Vietnam, reduces participation of farmers in agroforestry. Observing from the entire population, the agroforestry adoption shows a significant gain in the agricultural income of adopters by 87.67% comparing to non-adopters which is equivalent to 7.96 million VND or 300€ per hectare per year. However, the diversity within types of agroforestry that included market-oriented products could have unexpected negative effect on the food security of households. Indeed, agroforestry increased one more month of insufficient food and a higher level of erosion. Treatment effects at household type level yielded higher off-farm income and lower labor expenditure. The trend aligned with household types that their main income was from non-agricultural activities. But for such clusters indicating high share of farmland for agroforestry as the coffee-and-tea-based producers, their on-farm income did not show any significant change. Thus, this trend implied some hidden costs of adopting agroforestry including the hypothesis that the adopted agroforestry systems were still at the early stage and immature.
Tachyon condensation and `bounce' in the D1-D5 system
Creators: name: Lunin, Oleg
name: Mathur, Samir D.
name: Park, I. Y.
name: Saxena, Ashish
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct supergravity solutions dual to microstates of the D1-D3-D5 system with nonzero B field moduli. Just like the D1-D5 solutions in hep-th/0109154 these solutions are generically nonsingular everywhere, with the `throat' closing smoothly near r=0. We write expressions relating the asymptotic supergravity fields to the integral brane charges. We study the infall of a D1 brane down the throat of the geometries. This test brane `bounces' off the smooth end for generic initial conditions. The details of the bounce depend on both the choice of D1-D3-D5 microstate and the direction of approach of the infalling D1 brane. In the dual field theory description we see that the tachyon mode starts to condense, but the tachyon bounces back up the potential hill without reaching the deepest point of the potential.
description: 32 pages, references added
HOW CAN WE GET RID OF DOGMATIC PRIOR INFORMATION?
Creators: name: Kloek, T.
name: Kloek, T.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1986
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: In this paper it is argued that conclusions cannot be sturdy if they are based upon unchecked dogmatic prior information. The vehicle chosen to evaluate models is their out-of-sample prediction performance. If model M predicts systematically better than model N we should stop using N, but if the difference in predictive quality is mainly caused by a few very influential observations there is reason for serious doubt. The testing point of view of McAleer et al. (1985) and many others is adopted, but it is demonstrated that some of the tests may be misleading. The author agrees with the conclusion of Learner (1985) that sensitivity analysis is important but he prefers different tools of analysis and a different reporting style.
A General Exact Closed-Form Solution for Nonlinear Differential Equation of Pendulum
Creators: name: Dalir, Mohammad Asadi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the present paper, the nonlinear differential equation of pendulum is investigated to find an exact closed form solution, satisfying governing equation as well as initial conditions. The new concepts used in the suggested method are introduced. Regarding the fact that the governing equation for any arbitrary system represents its inherent properties, it is shown that the nonlinear term causes that the system to have a variable identity. Hence, the original function is included as a variable in the solution to can take into account the variation of governing equation. To find the exact closed form solution, the variation of the nonlinear differential equation tends to zero, where in this case the system with a local linear differential equation has a definite identity with a definite local answer. It is shown that the general answer is an arbitrary curve on a surface, a newly developed concept known as super function, and different initial conditions give different curves as particular solutions. The comparison of the results with those of finite difference shows an exact agreement for any arbitrary amplitude and initial conditions.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures, Accepted (In Press) National Academy Science Letters, 2020
ON THE SAMPLING BEHAVIOUR OF THE COVARIABILITY COEFFICIENT
Creators: name: Abrahamse, A. P. J.
name: Abrahamse, A. P. J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1986
Subjects: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: The asymptotic variance of the covariability coefficient c is derived, using the so-called S method and the extent to which it approximates the small sample variance is examined for some particular cases by means of Monte Carlo simulation.
Estimating the tour length for the close enough traveling salesman problem
Creators: name: Roy, Debdatta Sinha
name: Golden, Bruce
name: Wang, Xingyin
name: Wasil, Edward
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: We construct empirically based regression models for estimating the tour length in the Close Enough Traveling Salesman Problem (CETSP). In the CETSP, a customer is considered visited when the salesman visits any point in the customer’s service region. We build our models using as many as 14 independent variables on a set of 780 benchmark instances of the CETSP and compare the estimated tour lengths to the results from a Steiner zone heuristic. We validate our results on a new set of 234 instances that are similar to the 780 benchmark instances. We also generate results for a new set of 72 larger instances. Overall, our models fit the data well and do a very good job of estimating the tour length. In addition, we show that our modeling approach can be used to accurately estimate the optimal tour lengths for the CETSP.