Influence of gray level discretization on radiomic feature stability for different CT scanners, tube currents and slice thicknesses: a comprehensive phantom study
Creators: name: Larue, Ruben T. H. M.
name: Timmeren, Janna E. Van
name: Jong, Evelyn E. C. De
name: Feliciani, Giacomo
name: Leijenaar, Ralph T. H.
name: Schreurs, Wendy M. J.
name: Sosef, Meindert N.
name: Raat, Frank H. P. J.
name: Zande, Frans H. R. Van Der
name: Das, Marco
name: Elmpt, Wouter Van
name: Lambin, Philippe
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Cell Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: <b>Background:</b> Radiomic analyses of CT images provide prognostic information that can potentially be used for personalized treatment. However, heterogeneity of acquisition- and reconstruction protocols influences robustness of radiomic analyses. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of different CT-scanners, slice thicknesses, exposures and gray-level discretization on radiomic feature values and their stability. <b>Material and methods:</b> A texture phantom with ten different inserts was scanned on nine different CT-scanners with varying tube currents. Scans were reconstructed with 1.5 mm or 3 mm slice thickness. Image pre-processing comprised gray-level discretization in ten different bin widths ranging from 5 to 50 HU and different resampling methods (i.e., linear, cubic and nearest neighbor interpolation to 1 × 1 × 3 mm<sup>3</sup> voxels) were investigated. Subsequently, 114 textural radiomic features were extracted from a 2.1 cm<sup>3</sup> sphere in the center of each insert. The influence of slice thickness, exposure and bin width on feature values was investigated. Feature stability was assessed by calculating the concordance correlation coefficient (CCC) in a test-retest setting and for different combinations of scanners, tube currents and slice thicknesses. <b>Results:</b> Bin width influenced feature values, but this only had a marginal effect on the total number of stable features (CCC &gt; 0.85) when comparing different scanners, slice thicknesses or exposures. Most radiomic features were affected by slice thickness, but this effect could be reduced by resampling the CT-images before feature extraction. Statistics feature ‘energy’ was the most dependent on slice thickness. No clear correlation between feature values and exposures was observed. <b>Conclusions:</b> CT-scanner, slice thickness and bin width affected radiomic feature values, whereas no effect of exposure was observed. Optimization of gray-level discretization to potentially improve prognostic value can be performed without compromising feature stability. Resampling images prior to feature extraction decreases the variability of radiomic features.