cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
SGR 1806-20 about two years after the giant flare: Suzaku, XMM-Newton and INTEGRAL observations
Creators: name: Esposito, P.
name: Mereghetti, S.
name: Tiengo, A.
name: Zane, S.
name: Turolla, R.
name: Gotz, D.
name: Rea, N.
name: Kawai, N.
name: Ueno, M.
name: Israel, G. L.
name: Stella, L.
name: Feroci, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In December 2004, the soft gamma-ray repeater SGR 1806-20 emitted the most powerful giant flare ever observed. This probably involved a large-scale rearrangement of the magnetosphere leading to observable variations in the properties of its X-ray emission. Here we present the results of the first Suzaku observation of SGR 1806-20, together with almost simultaneous observations with XMM-Newton and INTEGRAL. The source seems to have reached a state characterized by a flux close to the pre-flare level and by a relatively soft spectrum. Despite this, SGR 1806-20 remained quite active also after the giant flare, allowing us to study several short bursts observed by Suzaku in the 1-100 keV range. We discuss the broad-band spectral properties of SGR 1806-20, covering both persistent and bursting emission, in the context of the magnetar model, and consider its recent theoretical developments.
description: Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Learning associations involving predators and non-predators in infancy
Creators: name: Andreassen, Katherine
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: 170199 Psychology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Fear is one of the most universal human emotions and many common fears, such as aversions toward predatory animals, has been observed cross-culturally. Previous research has indicated that humans have an evolved predator detection mechanism (Mineka & Ohman, 2002). The present research explored this innate predator detection mechanism in infants by testing whether they are able to learn associations involving predators more quickly than associations involving non-predators. Eleven-month-old infants were shown images of snakes, spiders, flowers, and mushrooms paired with happy or scared faces. Infants’ looking times were recorded to determine differences in how quickly they learned associations involving predators and non-predators. In addition, looking times were recorded to determine differences in the increase of attention to novel stimuli following habituation to predators and to non-predators. The results indicate that there was no difference in looking times between predator and nonpredator stimuli during the habituation phase and did not show a differential increase in attention to predator stimuli and non-predator stimuli following habituation. Future research is needed to further investigate this mechanism in infants.
Cross Sections for Electron Collisions with NF$_3$
Creators: name: Song, Mi-Young
name: Yoon, Jung-Sik
name: Cho, Hyuck
name: Karwasz, Grzegorz P.
name: Kokoouline, Viatcheslav
name: Nakamura, Yoshiharu
name: Hamilton, James R.
name: Tennyson, Jonathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cross section data are compiled from the literature for electron collisions with nitrogen trifluoride (NF$_3$) molecules. Cross sections are collected and reviewed for total scattering, elastic scattering, momentum transfer, excitations of rotational and vibrational states, dissociation, ionization, and dissociative attachment. For each of these processes, the recommended values of the cross sections are presented. The literature has been surveyed up to the end of 2016.
description: 15 pages, 13 figures, 12 tables
Trust for Location-based Authorisation
Creators: name: Schmidt, Andreas U.
name: Kuntze, Nicolai
name: Abendroth, Joerg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose a concept for authorisation using the location of a mobile device and the enforcement of location-based policies. Mobile devices enhanced by Trusted Computing capabilities operate an autonomous and secure location trigger and policy enforcement entity. Location determination is two-tiered, integrating cell-based triggering at handover with precision location measurement by the device.
description: To appear in: Proceedings of the Wireless Communications and Networking Conference, IEEE WCNC 2008, Las Vegas, USA, 31 March - 2 April 2008
PNJL model with a Van der Monde term
Creators: name: Ghosh, Sanjay K.
name: Mukherjee, Tamal K.
name: Mustafa, Munshi G.
name: Ray, Rajarshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extend the Polyakov-Nambu-Jona-Lasinio (PNJL) model for two degenerate flavours by including the effect of the SU(3) measure with a Van der Monde (VdM) term. This ensures that the Polyakov loop always remains in the domain [0,1]. The pressure, energy density, specific heat, speed of sound and conformal measure show small or negligible effects from this term. However various quark number and isospin susceptibilities are all found to approach their respective ideal gas limits around 2 $T_c$. We compare our methods with other similar approaches in PNJL model and also present a quantitative comparison with Lattice QCD data.
description: 12 pages, 8 eps figures; extended discussion and reference added; accepted in Phys. Rev. D
Quantum theory of two-dimensional materials coupled to electromagnetic resonators
Creators: name: Denning, E. V.
name: Wubs, M.
name: Stenger, N.
name: Mork, J.
name: Kristensen, P. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a microscopic quantum theory of light-matter interaction in pristine sheets of two-dimensional semiconductors coupled to localized electromagnetic resonators such as optical nanocavities or plasmonic particles. The light-matter interaction breaks the translation symmetry of excitons in the two-dimensional lattice, and we find that this symmetry-breaking interaction leads to the formation of a localized exciton state, which mimics the spatial distribution of the electromagnetic field of the resonator. The localized exciton state is in turn coupled to an environment of residual exciton states. We quantify the influence of the environment and find that it is most pronounced for small lateral confinement length scales of the electromagnetic field in the resonator, and that environmental effects can be neglected if this length scale is sufficiently large. The microscopic theory provides a physically appealing derivation of the coupled oscillator models widely used to model experiments on these types of systems, in which all observable quantities are directly derived from the material parameters and the properties of the resonant electromagnetic field. As a consistency check, we show that the theory recovers the results of semiclassical electromagnetic calculations and experimental measurements of the excitonic dielectric response in the linear excitation limit. The theory, however, is not limited to linear response, and in general describes nonlinear exciton-exciton interactions in the localized exciton state, thereby providing a powerful means of investigating the nonlinear optical response of such systems.
Multiplicity with a Thrust Cut
Creators: name: Kimura, K.
name: Tesima, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We evaluate the multiplicity of hadrons in the $e^+e^-$-annihilation at a given thrust $T$ in the modified leading-log approximation, including $O(\sqrt{α_s})$ corrections. The calculation is done at a large value of $τ=1-T$ by the use of the factorisation which takes place in the one-particle-inclusive cross section at a given $τ$. At a small $τ$, a different type of factorisation takes place, which also enable us to evaluate the multiplicity. Two approaches are compared numerically. Measuring this quantity near $τ=1/3$, we can determine the multiplicity ratio between a gluon-jet and a quark-jet.
description: OCHA-PP-32, LATEX FILE, 21p
Drift instability and tunneling of lattice solitons
Creators: name: Sivan, Y.
name: Fibich, G.
name: Ilan, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive an analytic formula for the lateral dynamics of solitons in a general inhomogeneous nonlinear media, and show that it can be valid over tens of diffraction lengths. In particular, we show that solitons centered at a lattice maximum can be ``mathematically unstable'' but ``physically stable''. We also derive an analytic upper bound for the critical velocity for tunneling, which is valid even when the standard Peierls-Nabarro potential approach fails.
Electrostatic interactions between graphene layers and their environment
Creators: name: Sabio, J.
name: Seoanez, C.
name: Fratini, S.
name: Guinea, F.
name: Neto, A. H. Castro
name: Sols, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the electrostatic interactions between a single graphene layer and a SiO$_2$ susbtrate, and other materials which may exist in its environment. We obtain that the leading effects arise from the polar modes at the SiO$_2$ surface, and water molecules, which may form layers between the graphene sheet and the substrate. The strength of the interactions implies that graphene is pinned to the substrate at distances greater than a few lattice spacings. The implications for graphene nanoelectromechanical systems, and for the interaction between graphene and a STM tip are also considered.
description: improved introduction, section on suspended graphene corrected
Additional file 1 of Health policy experts’ perspectives on implementing mental health specialist video consultations in routine primary care – a qualitative interview study
Creators: name: Tönnies, Justus
name: Oeljeklaus, Lydia
name: Wensing, Michel
name: Hartmann, Mechthild
name: Friederich, Hans-Christoph
name: Haun, Markus W.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases

description: Additional file 1:. Search Strings for the Systematic Review.
Landscapes of Development: The Haitian Peasantry and the Historical Evolution of Haiti’s Landscape
Creators: name: Devine, Jack
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2016
Subjects: History

description: In former colonies like Haiti, studying landscape shift can provide unique insight into the impact of public policies and social institutions. Geographers have focused on human culture as the agent in alterations of the physical landscape since the 1920s. 3 In Haiti, studying landscape shift provides a particularly important perspective on Haitian history because of the central role that shifts in human-environmental relationships have played in some of the country‟s most important transitions. Plantation agriculture completely changed the ecological and the racial landscapes of the island, transforming a forest sparsely inhabited by Amerindians into a black sugar production hub. Black slaves fought for their independence in the 1790s because of their desire to own land and be beholden to no master. The US spends $38 million annually on agricultural development in Haiti via USAID, and this work has a significant impact on Haiti‟s ecology. Beyond these impacts, however, is a more drastic reconfiguration of the labor and social structures of Haiti. Trends towards urbanization over the past few decades have made it necessary to reconsider our understanding of what it means to be a peasant in Haiti. By focusing on the evolving relationship between the peasantry and the Haitian landscape, we can come to a more nuanced understanding of why economic development has left the Haitian nation behind. Understanding these unintended consequences of external interventions in Haiti is essential to effective economic development in the 21st century.
Topological classifications of quadratic bosonic excitations in closed and open systems with examples
Creators: name: He, Yan
name: Chien, Chih-Chun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The topological classifications of quadratic bosonic systems according to the symmetries of the dynamic matrices from the equations of motion of closed systems and the effective Hamiltonians from the Lindblad equations of open systems are analyzed. While the non-Hermitian dynamic matrix and effective Hamiltonian both lead to a ten-fold way table, the system-reservoir coupling may cause a system with or without coupling to a reservoir to fall into different classes. A 2D Chern insulator is shown to be insensitive to the different classifications. In contrast, we present a 1D bosonic Su-Schrieffer-Heeger model with chiral symmetry and a 2D bosonic topological insulator with time-reversal symmetry to show the corresponding open systems may fall into different classes.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures, submitted
MPEC 2024-D102 : COMET C/2023 X7 (PANSTARRS)
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: COMET C/2023 X7 (PANSTARRS)

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Additional file 2 of Health policy experts’ perspectives on implementing mental health specialist video consultations in routine primary care – a qualitative interview study
Creators: name: Tönnies, Justus
name: Oeljeklaus, Lydia
name: Wensing, Michel
name: Hartmann, Mechthild
name: Friederich, Hans-Christoph
name: Haun, Markus W.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases

description: Additional file 2:. Interview Guide for Health Policy Experts.
TP53 Pathway Function, Estrogen Receptor Status, and Breast Cancer Risk Factors in the Carolina Breast Cancer Study
Creators: name: Abubakar, M.
name: Love, M.I.
name: Conway, K.
name: Garcia-Closas, M.
name: Hurson, A.N.
name: Perou, C.M.
name: Troester, M.A.
name: Hoadley, K.A.
name: Olshan, A.F.
name: Hamilton, A.M.
Publisher: name: American Association for Cancer Research Inc.
Year: 2022

description: Background: TP53 and estrogen receptor (ER) both play essential roles in breast cancer development and progression, with recent research revealing cross-talk between TP53 and ER signaling pathways. Although many studies have demonstrated heterogeneity of risk factor associations across ER subtypes, associations by TP53 status have been inconsistent. Methods: This case-case analysis included incident breast cancer cases (47% Black) from the Carolina Breast Cancer Study (1993- 2013). Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tumor samples were classified for TP53 functional status (mutant-like/wild-type-like) using a validated RNA signature. For IHC-based TP53 status, mutant-like was classified as at least 10% positivity. We used two-stage polytomous logistic regression to evaluate risk factor heterogeneity due to RNA-based TP53 and/or ER, adjusting for each other and for PR, HER2, and grade. We then compared this with the results when using IHC-based TP53 classification. Results: The RNA-based classifier identified 55% of tumors as TP53 wild-type-like and 45% as mutant-like. Several hormonerelated factors (oral contraceptive use, menopausal status, age at menopause, and pre- and postmenopausal body mass index) were associated with TP53 mutant-like status, whereas reproductive factors (age at first birth and parity) and smoking were associated with ER status. Multiparity was associated with both TP53 and ER. When classifying TP53 status using IHC methods, no associations were observed with TP53. Associations observed with RNA-based TP53 remained after accounting for basal-like subtype. Conclusions: This case-case study found breast cancer risk factors associated with RNA-based TP53 and ER.
Signatures of an invisibly decaying Higgs particles at LHC
Creators: name: Choudhury, Debajyoti
name: Roy, D. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Higgs particle can decay dominantly into an invisible channel in the Majoron models. We have explored the prospect of detecting such a Higgs particle at LHC via its associated production with a gluon, Z or W boson. While the signal/background ratio is too small for the first process, the latter two provide viable signatures for detecting such a Higgs particle.
description: (e-mail: dproy@theory.tifr.res.in) LaTex; No. of pages 12, no. of figures 3 (available on request)
Algebraic stories from one and from the other pockets
Creators: name: Fröberg, Ralf
name: Lundqvist, Samuel
name: Oneto, Alessandro
name: Shapiro, Boris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We present a number of questions in commutative algebra posed on the problem solving seminar in algebra at Stockholm University during the period Fall 2014 - Spring 2017.
description: 13 pages, no figures
L1 Effects on the Articulation of Samaritan Hebrew
Creators: name: Davis, Daniel
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Philosophy
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion

description: In this thesis, I will discuss the effects of the linguistic divide in the Samaritan community with respect to the articulation of the liturgical language of Samaritan Hebrew. I first encountered the Samaritans in 2010 while on my first visit to the Palestinian city of Nablus. I had been to Israel many times prior, yet as a young Jewish American, I had never before had the opportunity to travel to the Palestinian Territories. Given the prominence of the political situation, I originally set out with no other goal in mind then to learn of the effects of the ongoing Israeli-Palestinian conflict on those living in the West Bank. Prior to that first visit, I had only ever heard of the Samaritans tangentially, and was therefore very surprised to learn of the community on Mount Gerizim. I spent only an afternoon in the Samaritan village yet learned not just how they have been affected by the conflict, but also of their history and traditions. The Samaritans left such an impression on me that, when the time came four years later to determine a topic for my undergraduate thesis, I remembered this visit, and recalling its original purpose, decided to explore yet another facet of the conflict - namely, how it has indirectly affected the linguistic heritage of the Samaritan tradition.
A genome-wide association study of obstructive heart defects among participants in the National Birth Defects Prevention Study
Creators: name: Nestoridi, E.
name: Jenkins, M.M.
name: Rashkin, S.R.
name: Romitti, P.A.
name: Olshan, A.F.
name: Browne, M.L.
name: Lou, X.-Y.
name: Lomangino, K.
name: Mitchell, L.E.
name: Bhattacharyya, S.
name: Witte, J.S.
name: Cleves, M.
name: Hobbs, C.A.
name: the National Birth Defects Prevention Study
name: Shaw, G.M.
name: Nembhard, W.N.
Publisher: name: John Wiley and Sons Inc
Year: 2022

description: Obstructive heart defects (OHDs) share common structural lesions in arteries and cardiac valves, accounting for ~25% of all congenital heart defects. OHDs are highly heritable, resulting from interplay among maternal exposures, genetic susceptibilities, and epigenetic phenomena. A genome-wide association study was conducted in National Birth Defects Prevention Study participants (Ndiscovery = 3978; Nreplication = 2507), investigating the genetic architecture of OHDs using transmission/disequilibrium tests (TDT) in complete case-parental trios (Ndiscovery_TDT = 440; Nreplication_TDT = 275) and case–control analyses separately in infants (Ndiscovery_CCI = 1635; Nreplication_CCI = 990) and mothers (case status defined by infant; Ndiscovery_CCM = 1703; Nreplication_CCM = 1078). In the TDT analysis, the SLC44A2 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs2360743 was significantly associated with OHD (pdiscovery = 4.08 × 10−9; preplication = 2.44 × 10−4). A CAPN11 SNP (rs55877192) was suggestively associated with OHD (pdiscovery = 1.61 × 10−7; preplication = 0.0016). Two other SNPs were suggestively associated (p < 1 × 10−6) with OHD in only the discovery sample. In the case–control analyses, no SNPs were genome-wide significant, and, even with relaxed thresholds (× discovery < 1 × 10−5 and preplication < 0.05), only one SNP (rs188255766) in the infant analysis was associated with OHDs (pdiscovery = 1.42 × 10−6; preplication = 0.04). Additional SNPs with pdiscovery < 1 × 10−5 were in loci supporting previous findings but did not replicate. Overall, there was modest evidence of an association between rs2360743 and rs55877192 and OHD and some evidence validating previously published findings.
title: Chandra Observation of the Edge-on Galaxy NGC 3556 (M108): Violent Galactic Disk-Halo Interaction Revealed
Creators: name: Wang, QD
name: Chaves, T
name: Irwin, JA
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: galaxies: general; galaxies: individual (NGC 3556); galaxies: spiral; X-rays: general
subject: Astrophysics and Astronomy

description: This is the pre-published version harvested from ArXiv. The published version is located at http://iopscience.iop.org/0004-637X/598/2/969/
description: We present a 60 ks Chandra ACIS-S observation of the isolated edge-on spiral galaxy NGC 3556, together with a multiwavelength analysis of various discrete X-ray sources and diffuse X-ray features. Among 33 discrete X-ray sources detected within the IB = 25 mag arcsec-2 isophote ellipse of the galaxy, we identify a candidate for the galactic nucleus, an ultraluminous X-ray source that might be an accreting intermediate-mass black hole, a possible X-ray binary with a radio counterpart, and two radio-bright giant H II regions. We detect large amounts of extraplanar diffuse X-ray emission, which extend about 10 kpc radially in the disk and 4 kpc away from the galactic plane. The diffuse X-ray emission exhibits significant substructures, possibly representing various blown-out superbubbles or chimneys of hot gas heated in massive star-forming regions. This X-ray-emitting gas has temperatures in the range of ~(2-7) × 106 K and has a total cooling rate of ~2 × 1040 ergs s-1. The energy can be easily supplied by supernova blast waves in the galaxy. These results show NGC 3556 to be a galaxy undergoing vigorous disk-halo interaction. The halo in NGC 3556 is considerably less extended, however, than that of NGC 4631, in spite of many similarities between the two galaxies. This may be due to the fact that NGC 3556 is isolated, whereas NGC 4631 is interacting. Thus, NGC 3556 presents a more pristine environment for studying the disk-halo interaction.
Exact traversable wormhole solution in bumblebee gravity
Creators: name: Övgün, Ali
name: Jusufi, Kimet
name: Sakallı, İzzet
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this study, we found a new traversable wormhole solution in the framework of a bumblebee gravity model. With these types of models, the Lorentz symmetry violation arises from the dynamics of a bumblebee vector field that is non-minimally coupled with gravity. To this end, we checked the wormhole's flare-out and energy (null, weak, and strong) conditions. We then studied the deflection angle of light in the weak limit approximation using the Gibbons-Werner method. In particular, we show that the bumblebee gravity effect leads to a non-trivial global topology of the wormhole spacetime. By using the Gauss-Bonnet theorem (GBT), it is shown that the obtained non-asymptotically flat wormhole solution yields a topological term in the deflection angle of light. This term is proportional to the coupling constant, but independent from the impact factor parameter. Significantly, we showed that the bumblebee wormhole solutions, under specific conditions, support the normal matter wormhole geometries.
description: 10 pages. Accepted for publication in Physical Review D
Additional file 3 of Health policy experts’ perspectives on implementing mental health specialist video consultations in routine primary care – a qualitative interview study
Creators: name: Tönnies, Justus
name: Oeljeklaus, Lydia
name: Wensing, Michel
name: Hartmann, Mechthild
name: Friederich, Hans-Christoph
name: Haun, Markus W.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases

description: Additional file 3:. Overview of the key themes, including definitions and supporting quotes.
Keypoint-based object tracking and localization using networks of low-power embedded smart cameras
Creators: name: Abdelkader, Ibrahim
name: El-Sonbaty, Yasser
name: El-Habrouk, Mohamed
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Object tracking and localization is a complex task that typically requires processing power beyond the capabilities of low-power embedded cameras. This paper presents a new approach to real-time object tracking and localization using multi-view binary keypoints descriptor. The proposed approach offers a compromise between processing power, accuracy and networking bandwidth and has been tested using multiple distributed low-power smart cameras. Additionally, multiple optimization techniques are presented to improve the performance of the keypoints descriptor for low-power embedded systems.
Jam vs. Jelly: How Children Reason Analogically with Semantically Similar Words
Creators: name: Ramesh, Sheela
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: 170199 Psychology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Children’s ability to name an object by multiple semantically similar labels (i.e. synonyms) has been documented by the age of three; however, the ability to reason using semantically similar labels remains sparsely investigated. The present study expands our understanding of children’s ability to utilize semantically similar labels in two relational reasoning tasks – a semantic completion task (Experiment 1) and a semantic substitution task (Experiment 2). In Experiment 1, participants were presented a base pair of related words (e.g., castle:rock), then given a partially completed target word-pair (castle: ?) to complete with a label that made the target word-pair relationally identical to the base word-pair (e.g., stone). Additional response options included a label that was thematically related (king) and an unrelated label (milk). In Experiment 2, the same semantic relationships were explored by presenting the labels in stories with prompt questions. Results indicated that four-year-olds exhibited difficulty with semantically similar labels in the semantic completion but not in the semantic substitution task. Theoretical implications of these results are discussed.
The SGR 1806-20 magnetar signature on the Earth's magnetic field
Creators: name: Mandea, Mioara
name: Balasis, Georgios
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: SGRs denote ``soft $γ$-ray repeaters'', a small class of slowly spinning neutron stars with strong magnetic fields. On 27 December 2004, a giant flare was detected from magnetar SGR 1806-20. The initial spike was followed by a hard-X-ray tail persisting for 380 s with a modulation period of 7.56 s. This event has received considerable attention, particularly in the astrophysics area. Its relevance to the geophysics community lies in the importance of investigating the effects of such an event on the near-earth electromagnetic environment. However, the signature of a magnetar flare on the geomagnetic field has not previously been investigated. Here, by applying wavelet analysis to the high-resolution magnetic data provided by the CHAMP satellite, a modulated signal with a period of 7.5 s over the duration of the giant flare appears in the observed data. Moreover, this event was detected by the energetic ion counters onboard the DEMETER satellite.
description: Science Editors' Choice: http://www.sciencemag.org/content/vol314/issue5798/twil.dtl
The distribution of inelastic dark matter in the Sun
Creators: name: Blennow, Mattias
name: Clementz, Stefan
name: Herrero-Garcia, Juan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: If dark matter is composed of new particles, these may become captured after scattering with nuclei in the Sun, thermalise through additional scattering, and finally annihilate into neutrinos that can be detected on Earth. If dark matter scatters inelastically into a slightly heavier ($\mathcal{O} (10-100)$ keV) state it is unclear whether thermalisation occurs. One issue is that up-scattering from the lower mass state may be kinematically forbidden, at which point the thermalisation process effectively stops. A larger evaporation rate is also expected due to down-scattering. In this work, we perform a numerical simulation of the capture and thermalisation process in order to study the evolution of the dark matter distribution. We then calculate and compare the annihilation rate with that of the often assumed Maxwell--Boltzmann distribution. We also check if equilibrium between capture and annihilation is reached and find that this assumption definitely breaks down in a part of the explored parameter space. We also find that evaporation induced by down-scattering is not effective in reducing the total dark matter abundance.
description: 28 pages, 10 figures. v3: Errata: Bug fixed with some important changes to the conclusions
Larger Domains of Disoriented Chiral Condensate Through Annealing
Creators: name: Gavin, Sean
name: Mueller, Berndt
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Relativistic heavy ion collisions can generate metastable domains in which the chiral condensate is disoriented. Nucleus-sized domains can yield measurable fluctuations in the number of neutral and charged pions. We propose a scenario in which domains are `annealed' by a dynamically evolving effective potential in the heavy ion system. Domains of sizes exceeding 3~fm are possible in this scenario.
description: 7 pages and 3 postscript figures, BNL-GM-1
An indecomposable continuum as subpower Higson corona
Creators: name: Iwamoto, Yutaka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: General Topology (math.GN)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 54D40

description: In this paper, we study the topological properties of the subpower Higson corona of proper metric spaces and show that the subpower Higson corona of the half open interval with the usual metric is an indecomposable continuum. Some surjective maps from the Higson type coronas onto the Higson type compactifications of the half open interval are also constructed.
description: 13 pages
Molecular and Clinical Characterization of Postpartum-Associated Breast Cancer in the Carolina Breast Cancer Study Phase I-III, 1993-2013
Creators: name: Reeder-Hayes, K.E.
name: Olshan, A.F.
name: Walens, A.
name: Hamilton, A.M.
name: Schedin, P.
name: Nichols, H.B.
name: Sherman, M.E.
name: Love, M.I.
name: Troester, M.A.
name: Vohra, S.N.
Publisher: name: American Association for Cancer Research Inc.
Year: 2022

description: Background: Breast cancers in recently postpartum women may have worse outcomes, but studies examining tumor molecular features by pregnancy recency have shown conflicting results. Methods: This analysis used Carolina Breast Cancer Study data to examine clinical and molecular tumor features among women less than 50 years of age who were recently (≤10 years prior) or remotely (>10 years prior) postpartum, or nulliparous. Prevalence odds ratios (POR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated using multivariable models. Results: Recently postpartum women (N = 618) were more frequently lymph node-positive [POR (95% CI): 1.66 (1.26-2.19)], estrogen receptor (ER)-negative [1.37 (1.02-1.83)], and IHC-based triple negative [1.57 (1.00-2.47)] compared with nulliparous (N = 360) women. Some differences were identified between recent versus remotely postpartum; smaller tumor size [0.67 (0.52-0.86)], p53 wildtype [0.53 (0.36-0.77)], and non-basal-like phenotype [0.53 (0.33-0.84)] were more common among recently postpartum. Recently postpartum (vs. nulliparous) had significant enrichment for adaptive immunity, T cells, B cells,CD8 T cells, activated CD8T cells/ natural killer (NK) cells, and T follicular helper (Tfh) cells and higher overall immune cell scores. These differences were attenuated in remotely (compared with recently) postpartum women. Conclusions: These results suggest a dominant effect of parity (vs. nulliparity) and a lesser effect of pregnancy recency on tumor molecular features, although tumor immune microenvironments were altered in association with pregnancy recency.
It’s Hard to Say
Creators: name: Chasen, Blake
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 200508 Other Literatures in English
subject: FOS: Languages and literature

description: In the Summer of 2014, I read Somerset Maugham’s The Razor’s Edge and fell in love with the main character Larry Darrell, who gives up his traditional life in pursuit of some higher truth. I started reading a lot of Eastern religious literature; researching Buddhism and Hinduism because Larry had been interested in that as well. What happened when I started that research is what drove me to write my novel titled It’s Hard to Say.
Additional file 2 of Intra-database validation of case-identifying algorithms using reconstituted electronic health records from healthcare claims data
Creators: name: Thurin, Nicolas H.
name: Bosco-Levy, Pauline
name: Blin, Patrick
name: Rouyer, Magali
name: Jové, Jérémy
name: Lamarque, Stéphanie
name: Lignot, Séverine
name: Lassalle, Régis
name: Abouelfath, Abdelilah
name: Bignon, Emmanuelle
name: Diez, Pauline
name: Gross-Goupil, Marine
name: Soulié, Michel
name: Roumiguié, Mathieu
name: Le Moulec, Sylvestre
name: Debouverie, Marc
name: Brochet, Bruno
name: Guillemin, Francis
name: Louapre, Céline
name: Maillart, Elisabeth
name: Heinzlef, Olivier
name: Moore, Nicholas
name: Droz-Perroteau, Cécile
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 2: Algorithm performance indicators before setting adjustment resulting from expert inputs.
Fermion loop simulations in 2--d lattice theories -- results and limitations
Creators: name: Limmer, Markus
name: Gattringer, Christof
name: Hermann, Verena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review our results for the simulation of the 2--d lattice Gross--Neveu model in a fermion loop representation. Possible extensions of our techniques to other models and higher dimensions are discussed, as well as the limitations of loop--type representations.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures. Presented at the 25th International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory, July 30 - August 4, 2007, Regensburg, Germany
Effect of final state interactions on neutrino energy reconstruction at DUNE
Creators: name: Naaz, Sabeeha
name: Yadav, Anupam
name: Singh, Jyotsna
name: Singh, R. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We quantitatively study the percentage of fake events present in CCQE and CCRes interactions and the impact of final state interactions on the neutrino oscillation parameters at Dune. Resonance interaction will be the most dominant interaction in the oscillation sensitive region of DUNE. The effect of final-state interactions for DUNE oscillation physics is analysed in an ideal and realistic detector scenario. The $ν_μ$-disappearance Oscillation channel is studied using LAr detector. We find that nuclear effects and detector thresholds plays an significant role in CCQE and CCRes interactions and these nuclear effects induces a significant bias in the determination of atmospheric oscillation parameters. The impression of nuclear effects on the determination of $θ_{23}$ is quantified in this work.
description: 8 pages, 9 figures
ISIS and Recruitment: How Do Demographics Play a Role?
Creators: name: Tse, Tiffany
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 160699 Political Science not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Political science

description: This thesis seeks to parse foreign fighters, individuals who travel abroad from their country of origin or residence to join armed non-state actors in conflict, 1 by demographics to analyze whether these characteristics play a role in why they join ISIS. Gender, geographical location, religious history, age, socioeconomic status, and education level are all examined to better understand how ISIS recruits from each group. It is found that individuals in each demographic group have diverse reasons for joining that ISIS exploits to be able to draw as many fighters as possible. Counter strategies should look at the underlying reasons that cause these individuals to join and minimize the distribution and interactions of recruiters and possible recruits.
Experimental study on controlled production of two-electron temperature plasma
Creators: name: Sharma, G.
name: Deka, K.
name: Paul, R.
name: Adhikari, S.
name: Moulick, R.
name: Kausik, S. S.
name: Saikia, B. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A two-electron temperature plasma is produced by the method of diffusion of two different plasmas with distinct temperatures and densities. The method is simple and provides an adequate control over the plasma parameters. The study reveals that the temperature and density of both the electron groups can be effectively controlled by just changing the discharge currents of both the plasmas. An ion-acoustic (IA) wave is excited in the plasma and is detected using a planar Langmuir probe. The damped amplitude of the wave is measured and is used as a diagnostic tool for establishing the presence of two-electron components. This production method can be helpful in controlling the hot electron density and temperature in plasma processing industries.
description: 12 pages, 12 figures
Additional file 1 of Intra-database validation of case-identifying algorithms using reconstituted electronic health records from healthcare claims data
Creators: name: Thurin, Nicolas H.
name: Bosco-Levy, Pauline
name: Blin, Patrick
name: Rouyer, Magali
name: Jové, Jérémy
name: Lamarque, Stéphanie
name: Lignot, Séverine
name: Lassalle, Régis
name: Abouelfath, Abdelilah
name: Bignon, Emmanuelle
name: Diez, Pauline
name: Gross-Goupil, Marine
name: Soulié, Michel
name: Roumiguié, Mathieu
name: Le Moulec, Sylvestre
name: Debouverie, Marc
name: Brochet, Bruno
name: Guillemin, Francis
name: Louapre, Céline
name: Maillart, Elisabeth
name: Heinzlef, Olivier
name: Moore, Nicholas
name: Droz-Perroteau, Cécile
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1: Algorithm for the identification of multiple sclerosis relapses.
Attaining the ultimate precision limit in quantum state estimation
Creators: name: Yang, Yuxiang
name: Chiribella, Giulio
name: Hayashi, Masahito
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive a bound on the precision of state estimation for finite dimensional quantum systems and prove its attainability in the generic case where the spectrum is non-degenerate. Our results hold under an assumption called local asymptotic covariance, which is weaker than unbiasedness or local unbiasedness. The derivation is based on an analysis of the limiting distribution of the estimator's deviation from the true value of the parameter, and takes advantage of quantum local asymptotic normality, a useful asymptotic characterization of identically prepared states in terms of Gaussian states. We first prove our results for the mean square error of a special class of models, called D-invariant, and then extend the results to arbitrary models, generic cost functions, and global state estimation, where the unknown parameter is not restricted to a local neighbourhood of the true value. The extension includes a treatment of nuisance parameters, i.e. parameters that are not of interest to the experimenter but nevertheless affect the precision of the estimation. As an illustration of the general approach, we provide the optimal estimation strategies for the joint measurement of two qubit observables, for the estimation of qubit states in the presence of amplitude damping noise, and for noisy multiphase estimation.
description: 57 pages + appendix. Published version
Exome sequencing identifies genetic variants in anophthalmia and microphthalmia
Creators: name: Reefhuis, J.
name: Nembhard, W.N.
name: Romitti, P.A.
name: Feldkamp, M.L.
name: Wang, Y.J.
name: Olshan, A.F.
name: Chong, J.X.
name: Jenkins, M.M.
name: Li, J.
name: Werler, M.M.
name: Browne, M.L.
name: Almli, L.M.
name: Ma, C.
name: Curry, C.J.
name: Finnell, R.H.
name: University of Washington Center for Mendelian Genomics
name: Pangilinan, F.
name: Brody, L.C.
name: Bamshad, M.J.
name: Mullikin, J.C.
name: Yang, W.
name: NISC Comparative Sequencing Program
name: McGoldrick, D.
name: Nickerson, D.A.
name: Shaw, G.M.
name: Blue, E.E.
name: the National Birth Defects Prevention Study
Publisher: name: John Wiley and Sons Inc
Year: 2022

description: Anophthalmia and microphthalmia (A/M) are rare birth defects affecting up to 2 per 10,000 live births. These conditions are manifested by the absence of an eye or reduced eye volumes within the orbit leading to vision loss. Although clinical case series suggest a strong genetic component in A/M, few systematic investigations have been conducted on potential genetic contributions owing to low population prevalence. To overcome this challenge, we utilized DNA samples and data collected as part of the National Birth Defects Prevention Study (NBDPS). The NBDPS employed multi-center ascertainment of infants affected by A/M. We performed exome sequencing on 67 family trios and identified numerous genes affected by rare deleterious nonsense and missense variants in this cohort, including de novo variants. We identified 9 nonsense changes and 86 missense variants that are absent from the reference human population (Genome Aggregation Database), and we suggest that these are high priority candidate genes for A/M. We also performed literature curation, single cell transcriptome comparisons, and molecular pathway analysis on the candidate genes and performed protein structure modeling to determine the potential pathogenic variant consequences on PAX6 in this disease.
title: Chandra Observation of Supernova Remnant G54.1+0.3: A Close Cousin of the Crab Nebula
Creators: name: Lu, FJ
name: Wang, QD
name: Aschenbach, B
name: Durouchoux, P
name: Song, LM
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: ISM: individual (G54.1+0.3); ISM: jets and outflows; stars: neutron; supernova remnants; X-rays: ISM
subject: Astrophysics and Astronomy

description: This is the pre-published version harvested from ArXiv. The published version is located at http://iopscience.iop.org/1538-4357/568/1/L49/
description: We present a Chandra Advanced CCD Imaging Spectrometer observation of supernova remnant G54.1+0.3. This supernova remnant is resolved into several distinct X-ray-emitting components: a central bright pointlike source (CXOU J193030.13+185214.1), a surrounding ring, bipolar elongations, plus low surface brightness diffuse emission. The spectra of these components are all well described by power-law models; the spectral index steepens with increasing distance from the pointlike source. We find no evidence for any thermal plasma emission that would correspond to shocked interstellar medium or ejecta. The observed morphological and spectral characteristics suggest that G54.1+0.3 is the closest "cousin" of the Crab Nebula—a pulsar wind nebula driven by a combination of equatorial and polar outflows from the putative pulsar represented by the pointlike X-ray source.
A Dynamic ID-based Remote User Authentication Scheme
Creators: name: Das, Manik Lal
name: Saxena, Ashutosh
name: Gulati, Ved P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Password-based authentication schemes are the most widely used techniques for remote user authentication. Many static ID-based remote user authentication schemes both with and without smart cards have been proposed. Most of the schemes do not allow the users to choose and change their passwords, and maintain a verifier table to verify the validity of the user login. In this paper we present a dynamic ID-based remote user authentication scheme using smart cards. Our scheme allows the users to choose and change their passwords freely, and do not maintain any verifier table. The scheme is secure against ID-theft, and can resist the reply attacks, forgery attacks, guessing attacks, insider attacks and stolen verifier attacks.
description: Published in IEEE Transactions On Consumer Electronics