cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: The political economy of knowledge production
title: The Knowledge Exchange Framework, Performativity and Social Justice
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Banga, Sunil
Publisher: name: Lancaster University
Year: 2024

description: Knowledge production, its use, and appropriation is a social and political
 activity as much as it is a technical process that seeks to codify and
 transfer knowledge to industry. In 2020, the UK Government introduced a
 Knowledge Exchange Framework (KEF) to evaluate the efficiency and
 effectiveness of the knowledge exchange process, that is, the production,
 use, and in some cases, appropriation of knowledge produced in
 universities by industry for commercial purposes. As far as can be
 determined, there is no documented account of how the KEF is going to
 potentially impact the UK HE sector, influence university researchers’
 behaviour, and what are the implications for social justice therein. Given
 that the aim of KEF policy is to enable universities to better understand
 and improve their performance with regard to the efficiency and
 effectiveness in the use of public funding, the KEF policy is potentially
 a very powerful driver of the potential changes taking place in UK HE
 research ecosystem.

 This research explores the impact potential of the introduction of KEF on
 the process of knowledge production and exchange in the UK, that is, how
 knowledge is produced and disseminated for use / appropriation by
 industry, through a constructionist-interpretive approach. Providing
 insights from a political economy perspective, the research has exposed
 the further economization of the knowledge production processes. In
 particular, it helps understand to what extent the KEF is seeking to
 strengthen the state bureaucratic control over academic activity, and to
 what extent it positions academia instrumentally, subordinate both to the
 state and the market. This research will enable policy makers and
 institutions to understand the nature of the KEF, its possible impact and
 influence, and help support an assessment of their role in terms of where
 intervention may be required to mitigate the most egregious effects of the
 KEF policy.
Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus Sepsis in Preterm Infants and Long Term Neurodevelopmental Outcome
Creators: name: Alshaikh, Belal
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Surgery
subject: Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus
subject: Preterm infant
subject: Neurodevelopment

description: Objective: To examine the effect of Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (CoNS) sepsis in preterm infants on the neonatal and neurodevelopmental outcomes at 36 months corrected age (CA). Design: A retrospective cohort study. Subjects: All preterm infants with gestational age ≤ 28 weeks. Results: A total of 105 eligible infants were exposed to CoNS sepsis between 1995 and 2008. Infants exposed to CoNS sepsis were less mature (25.9 ± 1.7 vs. 26.2 ± 1.4, p=0.04), had increased risk of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) (adjusted RR 1.32; 95% CI 1.11 – 1.54), and were more likely to stay longer in the neonatal intensive care unit. Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed CoNS sepsis is an independent predictor for cognitive delay (adjusted RR 1.98; 95% CI 1.01 – 3.63). Conclusions: CoNS sepsis in preterm infants is associated with increased risk for ROP in the neonatal period and for cognitive delay at 36 months CA.
Characterising WIMPs at a future $e^+e^-$ Linear Collider
Creators: name: Bartels, Christoph
name: Berggren, Mikael
name: List, Jenny
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the prospects for detecting and measuring the parameters of WIMP dark matter in a model independent way at the International Linear Collider. The signal under study is direct WIMP pair production with associated initial state radiation $e^+e^- \rightarrow χχγ$. The analysis accounts for the beam energy spectrum of the ILC and the dominant machine induced backgrounds. The influence of the detector parameters are incorporated by full simulation and event reconstruction within the framework of the ILD detector concept. We show that by using polarised beams, the detection potential is significantly increased by reduction of the dominant SM background of radiative neutrino production $e^+e^- \rightarrow ννγ$. The dominant sources of systematic uncertainty are the precision of the polarisation measurement and the shape of the beam energy spectrum. With an integrated luminosity of 500 fb the helicity structure of the interaction involved can be inferred, and the masses and cross-sections can be measured with a relative accuracy of the order of 1 %.
description: 20 pages, 11 figures
Structural determinants regulating surface expression and function of Kv-related ion channels
Creators: name: Nazzari, Hamed
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: To date, the mechanisms and structural determinants which contribute to the regulation of ion channel trafficking, surface expression and function have only been limitedly explored. Through biophysical and molecular characterization of the hyperpolarization-activated cyclic-nucleotide gated channel 2 (HCN2), we have identified a four-amino acid motif (EEYP) in the B-helix of the cyclic-nucleotide binding domain (CNBD) that strongly promotes channel export from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and cell surface expression but does not contribute to the inhibition of channel opening. We further demonstrate that this motif augments a step in the trafficking pathway and/or the efficiency of correct folding and assembly. The role of post-translational modifications, specifically N-linked glycosylation, has also been investigated in two different HCN isoforms. All four mammalian HCN channel isoforms have been shown to undergo N-linked glycosylation in the brain. HCN channels have further been suggested to require N-glycosylation for function, a provocative finding that would make them unique in the voltage-gated potassium channel superfamily. Here, we show that both the HCN1 and HCN2 isoforms are also predominantly N-glycosylated in the embryonic heart, where they are found in significant amounts and where HCN-mediated currents are known to regulate beating frequency. Surprisingly, we find that N-glycosylation is not required for HCN2 function, although its cell surface expression is highly dependent on the presence of N-glycans. Comparatively, disruption of N-glycosylation only modestly impacts cell surface expression of HCN1 and leaves permeation and gating functions almost unchanged. The evolutionary significance of this isoforms specific regulation is also examined. Finally, the role of palmitoylation in the regulation of Kv4 channels is examined. Using acylbiotin exchange (ABE) chemistry we are able demonstrate that Kv4.2 is present as a palmitoylated protein in both rat cortical neurons and COS-7 cells. Through mutational analysis of the twelve intracellular cysteine residues within Kv4.2, we were able to localize the site of palmitoylation to the intracellular COOH-terminus. Palmitoylation of Kv4.2 does not contribute to the regulation of activation and inactivation gating parameters. Rather, inhibition of palmitoylation through either mutation of COOH-terminal cysteine residues or the pharmacological agent 2-bromopalmitate results in significant reductions in overall current density measurements.
The Question of Metaphysische Schuld in Contemporary Christian German Life Histories
Creators: name: Braun, Rachel Alexandra
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Religion
subject: Religion--Philosophy of
subject: Anthropology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biography
subject: History
subject: History--European
subject: die Schuldfrage
subject: German Guilt
subject: WWII
subject: life histories
subject: interview
subject: field research
subject: Christianity
subject: Phenomenology
subject: Karl Jaspers
subject: refugees
subject: Metaphysics
subject: God
subject: Holocaust

description: This study explored eight Christian German reflections of die Schuldfrage (“the question of German guilt for the Second World War and the Holocaust) in relation to their life histories. To do so, this study employed German philosopher Karl Jaspers' concept of metaphysische Schuld (“metaphysical guilt”) as a theoretical framework to better understand participants’ reflections of three topics: 1) die Schuldfrage as a concept in relation to key life history events that informed their reflections thereon, 2) the theological dealings required to reconcile die Schuldfrage (however that looks for them), and 3) any observations regarding the potential relationship between die Schuldfrage and Flüchtlingskriese. Participants’ life history interviews were conducted over field research in Berlin, Germany, and analyzed in two stages: I) using Amadeo Giorgi’s empirical phenomenology to bracket participants’ experiences of die Schuldfrage from their reflections of them, and II) applying Jaspers’ concept of metaphysische Schuld (“metaphysical guilt”) to stage I to identify thematic and structural overlap and disagreement.
12 Years of Quality Education for All Girls:  A Commonwealth Perspective. Summary.
Creators: name: Gordon, Rebecca
name: Marston, Lauren
name: Rose, Pauline
name: Zubairi, Asma
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: In 2015 leaders from across the globe pledged to achieve inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all by 2030. The first target of this education Sustainable Development Goal committed to ensuring that all children – regardless of their gender and circumstances within which they are born – should complete free, equitable and quality primary and secondary education. The Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting (CHOGM) in April 2018 affirmed the importance of 12 years of quality education for all, particularly marginalised groups including disadvantaged girls. The Platform for Girls’ Education was launched in response to this commitment to “leave no girl behind”, with the aim of driving forward action in the run-up to CHOGM 2020.

To support the Platform for Girls’ Education, this Initial Framing Report aims to situate the current evidence on girls’ education across the 53 countries in the Commonwealth, with a particular focus on low- and lower-middle income countries where the challenges are the greatest. It identifies the current situation of access to school and learning together with trends in domestic and aid financing to support the targets. It then presents evidence on interventions aimed at tackling barriers to girls’ access and learning in order to move forward towards achieving the commitments that have been made. It notes the distinction between gender parity in education – i.e. an equal proportion of girls and boys in school and learning – and the more ambitious goal of gender equality which involves wider steps to end discrimination and create a truly level playing field.
LEGAL FRAMEWORKS FOR IMPLEMENTING LEGAL DIGITAL CURRENCY: A COMPARATIVE STUDY
Creators: name: Wei, Zhang
Publisher: name: SADI journals
Year: 2023
Subjects: digital currency
legal digital currency
Central Bank Digital Currency
payment methods
financial innovation.

description: The evolution of money has been marked by constant change, adapting in response to the evolving needs of society. Beginning with the use of seashells as a rudimentary form of currency, it became apparent that seashells' limited availability hindered their widespread use. Consequently, national unified systems of metal and paper money gradually emerged to facilitate economic transactions. In the present day, driven by increasing wealth and propelled by advancements in blockchain, cryptography, and related technologies, digital currency has gained prominence as a solution to transcend the constraints of physical currency. This shift has prompted various nations, including China, to delve into the realm of digital currencies, envisioning a future where legal digital currencies replace traditional cash, offering cost-saving benefits. China has been at the forefront of this movement, initiating research on legal digital currency in 2014 and establishing the Central Bank Digital Currency Research Institute in 2017. Subsequent pilot programs in regions like Xiongan, Suzhou, Chengdu, and Shenzhen paved the way for broader implementation, with additional pilot areas like Shanghai, Changsha, Hainan, Xi'an, Dalian, and Qingdao joining the effort. The People's Bank of China has also proposed revisions to the "Law of the People's Bank of China," providing a legal framework for the future adoption of legal digital currency. Moreover, international counterparts, including Russia, Sweden, and Venezuela, have embarked on their own journeys toward legal digital currencies, each driven by unique motivations and strategies to harness the potential of digital currency in modern payment systems
Study Protocol for a Stepped-Wedge Cluster (Nested) Randomized Controlled Trial of Antenatal Colostrum Expression (ACE) Instruction in First-Time Mothers: The ACE Study
Creators: name: Cuffe, Cassandra
name: Giglia, Roslyn
name: Cooper, Matthew N
name: Hill, Julie
name: Silva, Desiree
name: Moorhead, Anita
name: Verhasselt, Valerie
name: Lewis, Joshua R
name: Ireson, Deborah
name: Demirci, Jill R
name: Cotte, Talea
name: Webb, Kathryn
name: Patey, Frances
name: O’Sullivan, Therese A
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 4204
subject: Midwifery
classificationCode: 3202
subject: Clinical sciences
classificationCode: 420401
subject: Clinical midwifery

description: Background: Although many mothers initiate breastfeeding, supplementation with human-milk substitutes (formula) during the birth hospitalization is common and has been associated with early breastfeeding cessation. Colostrum hand expressed in the last few weeks before birth, known as antenatal colostrum expression (ACE), can be used instead of human-milk substitutes. However, evidence is lacking on the efficacy of ACE on breastfeeding outcomes and in non-diabetic mothers. Methods and Planned Analysis: This multicenter stepped-wedge cluster (nested) randomized controlled trial aims to recruit 945 nulliparous pregnant individuals. The trial is conducted in two phases. During Phase 1, control group participants are under standard care. During Phase 2, participants are randomized to ACE instruction via a pre-recorded online video or a one-on-one session with a midwife. Adjusted logistic regression analysis will be used to examine the relationship between ACE instruction and breastfeeding outcomes. Research Aims and Questions: Primary aim: (1) Does advising pregnant individuals to practice ACE and providing instruction improve exclusive breastfeeding rates at 4 months postpartum? Secondary research questions: (2) Do individuals who practice ACE have higher rates of exclusive breastfeeding during the initial hospital stay after birth? (3) Is teaching ACE via an online video non-inferior to one-on-one instruction from a midwife? (4) Does expressing colostrum in pregnancy influence time to secretory activation, or (5) result in any differences in the composition of postnatal colostrum? Discussion: Trial findings have important implications for maternity practice, with the online video providing an easily accessible opportunity for ACE education as part of standard antenatal care.
Canada's Strategic Capacity for Sustainable Management of Military Lands
Creators: name: Boyd, Delaney Peta
Publisher: name: Environmental Design
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Canadian Studies
subject: Public Administration
subject: Range Management
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences
subject: sustainable land management
subject: organizational capacity evaluation
subject: military lands
subject: Department of National Defence
subject: Canada

description: Sustainable land management (SLM) is a system of policies, institutional structures, planning processes, and practices that integrate ecological, socio-economic, and political principles in the management of land to achieve intra- and intergenerational equity of land values and services. Increasing recognition of the ecological value of military lands has resulted in military organizations in many nations incorporating environmental aspects into their land management policies and practices. The Canadian Department of National Defence (DND) manages 21,400 km2 of federal land in Canada for diverse land uses. This requires capacity to make consistent and informed decisions to achieve sustainability objectives on the basis of sophisticated land management plans. Capacity refers to an organization’s ability to perform tasks, identify and solve problems, achieve goals, and learn through integrated application of the values, powers, resources, skills, systems, structures, and processes that together confer various political, managerial, and technical capabilities. Organizational capacity operates at strategic, operational, and tactical levels. The purpose of this research was to assess Canada’s strategic capacity for sustainable management of military lands. Extensive review and synthesis of literature enabled the design of a unifying conceptual model of an SLM system. This model informed the development of an evaluative framework using specific criteria for grading organizational capacity for SLM. The evaluative framework was applied to assess the strategic capacity of DND to manage its lands sustainably. DND exhibited considerable capacity for legitimate governance embedded in a comprehensive legislative and policy context, but demonstrated weaknesses in sustainability planning capability, policy effectiveness, and institutional commitment to SLM. DND stands to benefit from further capacity development to promote organizational growth, integration of environmental conservation into its core business, and balanced management of lands it uses in the public interest. I proposed several management and research recommendations for improving capacity for managing military lands in Canada.
"Selfish" algorithm for optimizing the network survivability analysis
Creators: name: Poroseva, Svetlana V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In Nature, the primary goal of any network is to survive. This is less obvious for engineering networks (electric power, gas, water, transportation systems etc.) that are expected to operate under normal conditions most of time. As a result, the ability of a network to withstand massive sudden damage caused by adverse events (or survivability) has not been among traditional goals in the network design. Reality, however, calls for the adjustment of design priorities. As modern networks develop toward increasing their size, complexity, and integration, the likelihood of adverse events increases too due to technological development, climate change, and activities in the political arena among other factors. Under such circumstances, a network failure has an unprecedented effect on lives and economy. To mitigate the impact of adverse events on the network operability, the survivability analysis must be conducted at the early stage of the network design. Such analysis requires the development of new analytical and computational tools. Computational analysis of the network survivability is the exponential time problem at least. The current paper describes a new algorithm, in which the reduction of the computational complexity is achieved by mapping an initial network topology with multiple sources and sinks onto a set of simpler smaller topologies with multiple sources and a single sink. Steps for further reducing the time and space expenses of computations are also discussed.
description: 31 pages, 2 tables, 7 figures
title: Kreislaufwirtschaft in NRW : Überblick über zentrale EU-Maßnahmen und ihre Relevanz für NRW ; Diskussions- papier zum Forschungsmodul 3a im Forschungsprojekt "Nachhaltigkeitsstrategie NRW - Vertiefungsanalysen zur Umsetzung aus wissenschaftlicher Sicht"
Creators: name: Bahn-Walkowiak, Bettina
name: Wilts, Henning
name: Schneider, Anna-Lisa
Publisher: name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 320 Politik

description: Aufgrund der Wechselwirkungen mit sozialen, ökonomischen und ökologischen Zielen ist die Kreislaufwirtschaft möglicherweise ein Handlungsbereich mit systemischer Schubkraft für die integrierte Nachhaltigkeitsentwicklung von NRW. Sie ist deswegen auch für die Umsetzung der NRW-Nachhaltigkeitsstrategie, die 2016 zum ersten Mal aufgelegt und 2020 aktualisiert wurde, von besonderem Interesse. Aus diesem Grund hat sich das Wuppertal Institut im Rahmen des Forschungsprojekts "Nachhaltigkeitsstrategie NRW - Vertiefungsanalysen zur Umsetzung aus wissenschaftlicher Sicht" in einem Forschungsmodul mit der Umsetzung der Kreislaufwirtschaft im Kontext der Gesamtwirtschaft von NRW beschäftigt und hier insbesondere die Auswirkungen des europäischen, politischen Rahmens auf die Aktivitäten in NRW in den Blick genommen. Mit anderen Worten, das nachfolgende Arbeitspapier nimmt den European Green Deal und seine Bedeutung für NRW in den Blick und fragt: Welche Herausforderungen für NRW lassen sich aus dem Green Deal ablesen, wie und in welchen Sektoren kann/soll NRW eine Transformation zur Kreislaufwirtschaft einleiten und welche Bedingungen müssen dabei beachtet werden? Methodisch basiert diese Auswertung auf der Analyse relevanter Primärdokumente sowie der Sekundärliteratur zur Umsetzung der Kreislaufwirtschaft im politischen Mehrebenensystem. Dabei soll das Papier kein industriepolitisches Innovationsprogramm entwerfen, sondern eine Handreichung zur weiteren Diskussion von potenziellen Maßnahmen und Politikvorschlägen im Hinblick auf die zu entwickelnde Kreislaufwirtschaftsstrategie darstellen.
Dismantling Barriers via Multiple Representation on Grade Nine Provincial Achievement Tests in Mathematics and Social Studies
Creators: name: Hickey, Evelyn Jane
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Education--Technology
subject: technology
subject: Secondary

description: Universal design for learning (UDL) provides a perspective that departs from a one-size-fits-all approach in the standard lecture and test style of educational practice. Incorporating the principles of UDL into assessment practice provides an opportunity to maximize student potentiality and also to increase student satisfaction with the process of writing provincial achievement tests. UDL, constructivism and multiple intelligences provide theoretical lenses through which learning and assessment are considered in this study. The purpose of this mixed method study was to explore how the UDL principle of multiple representation may dismantle barriers on grade nine provincial achievement tests in mathematics and social studies. The design involved the provision of at least two formats of the exam to all students while they completed the provincial achievement test rather than as an accommodation for students with diagnosed learning needs. All students were given access to the audio format of the exam as well as the written format of the exam. Both qualitative and quantitative data were collected during the study. Student participants were invited to complete a pre and post survey to report on their testing experience. A sample of students was invited to participate in one-on-one interviews to provide further details about their experience. The educators who were involved with the study were invited to participate in the interviews. Several findings emerged from the descriptive and narrative analysis of data. Students and teachers indicated that multiple representation on the provincial achievement tests was helpful because it provided support for students who benefit from using audio along with written formats of the test. Multiple representation through the provision of audio may be beneficial because students do no all have the same reading level and therefore may be compromised by the traditional printed format of the test. The study’s findings contribute to a much-needed dialogue for change about how multiple representation on large-scale assessment moves toward a more accessible and therefore more satisfactory testing environment for all learners. Multiple representation provide choices based on learning need or preference, which acknowledges and honours learner differences.
Enriched haloes at redshift $z=2$ with no star-formation: Implications for accretion and wind scenarios
Creators: name: Bouche, N.
name: Murphy, M. T.
name: Peroux, C.
name: Contini, T.
name: Martin, C. L.
name: Schreiber, N. M. Forster
name: Genzel, R.
name: Lutz, D.
name: Gillessen, S.
name: Tacconi, L.
name: Davies, R.
name: Eisenhauer, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: [Abridged] In order to understand which process (e.g. galactic winds, cold accretion) is responsible for the cool (T~10^4 K) halo gas around galaxies, we embarked on a program to study the star-formation properties of galaxies selected by their MgII absorption signature in quasar spectra. Specifically, we searched for the H-alpha line emission from galaxies near very strong z=2 MgII absorbers (with rest-frame equivalent width EW>2 Å) because these could be the sign-posts of outflows or inflows. Surprisingly, we detect H-alpha from only 4 hosts out of 20 sight-lines (and 2 out of the 19 HI-selected sight-lines), despite reaching a star-formation rate (SFR) sensitivity limit of 2.9 M/yr (5-sigma) for a Chabrier initial mass function. This low success rate is in contrast with our z=1 survey where we detected 66%\ (14/21) of the MgII hosts. Taking into account the difference in sensitivity between the two surveys, we should have been able to detect >11.4 of the 20 z=2 hosts whereas we found only 4 galaxies. Interestingly, all the z=2 detected hosts have observed SFR greater than 9 M/yr, well above our sensitivity limit, while at z=1 they all have SFR less than 9 M/yr, an evolution that is in good agreement with the evolution of the SFR main sequence. Moreover, we show that the z=2 undetected hosts are not hidden under the quasar continuum after stacking our data and that they also cannot be outside our surveyed area. Hence, strong MgII absorbers could trace star-formation driven winds in low-mass halos (Mhalo < 10^{10.6} Msun). Alternatively, our results imply that z=2 galaxies traced by strong MgII absorbers do not form stars at a rate expected (3--10 M/yr) for their (halo or stellar) masses, supporting the existence of a transition in accretion efficiency at Mhalo ~ 10^{11} Msun. This scenario can explain both the detections and the non-detections.
description: 14 pages, 4 fig.; MNRAS in press, minor corrections to match proofs
Leander paulensis Ortmann 1897
Creators: name: Almeida, Alexandre Oliveira De
name: Guerrazzi, Maria Cec Lia
name: Coelho, Petr Ȏ Nio Alves
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Malacostraca
Decapoda
Palaemonidae
Leander
Leander paulensis

description: Leander paulensis Ortmann, 1897
Material examined (N=36). 3ni, 25/IV/2004, St. 0 8 (MZUESC #649); 1m, 3f, 30/X/2004, St. 0 1 (MZUESC #732); 2m, 05/IX/2005, St. 0 8 (MZUESC #733).
Distribution. Western Atlantic – Florida, Antilles, and Brazil (Maranhão, Ceará, Paraíba, Pernambuco, Bahia, and São Paulo). Eastern Pacific (Ramos-Porto 1986; Ramos-Porto & Coelho 1998).
Ecological notes. On sandy bottoms, associated with seagrass. From shallow waters to 16 m (Ramos- Porto 1986; Ramos-Porto & Coelho 1998).
Previous records in Bahia. Ramos-Porto (1986), Ramos-Porto & Coelho (1990), Almeida et al. (2006, 2007).
description: Published as part of Almeida, Alexandre Oliveira De, Guerrazzi, Maria Cec Lia & Coelho, Petr Ȏ Nio Alves, 2007, Stomatopod and decapod crustaceans from Camamu Bay, state of Bahia, Brazil, pp. 1-45 in Zootaxa 1553 on page 10, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.178168
Electronic States and Local Density of States in Graphene with a Corner Edge Structure
Creators: name: Shimomura, Yuji
name: Takane, Yositake
name: Wakabayashi, Katsunori
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study electronic states of semi-infinite graphene with a corner edge, focusing on the stability of edge localized states at zero energy. The 60°, 90°, 120° and 150° corner edges are examined. The 60° and 120° corner edges consist of two zigzag edges, while 90° and 150° corner edges consist of one zigzag edge and one armchair edge. We numerically obtain the local density of states (LDOS) on the basis of a nearest-neighbor tight-binding model by using Haydock's recursion method. We show that edge localized states appear along a zigzag edge of each corner edge structure except for the 120° case. To provide insight into this behavior, we analyze electronic states at zero energy within the framework of an effective mass equation. The result of this analysis is consistent with the behavior of the LDOS.
description: 21 pages, 14 figures
Refined Freeman-Durden for harvest detection using POLSAR data
Creators: name: Taghvakish, Sina
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Engineering--Agricultural
subject: Remote Sensing
subject: Synthetic Aperture Radar
subject: Soybean
subject: Corn
subject: Freeman-Durden Algorithm
subject: H/A/α
subject: Harvest detection

description: To keep up with an ever increasing human population, providing food is one of the main challenges of the current century. Harvest detection, as an input for decision making, is an important task for food management. Traditional harvest detection methods that rely on field observations need intensive labor, time and money. Therefore, since their introduction in early 60s, optical remote sensing enhanced the process dramatically. But having weaknesses such as cloud cover and temporal resolution, alternative methods were always welcomed. Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) on the other hand, with its ability to penetrate cloud cover with the addition of full polarimetric observations could be a good source of data for exploration in agricultural studies. SAR has been used successfully for harvest detection in rice paddy fields. However, harvest detection for other crops without a smooth underlying water surface is much more difficult. The objective of this project is to find a fully-automated algorithm to perform harvest detection using POLSAR image data for soybean and corn. The proposed method is a fusion of Freeman-Durden and H/A/α decompositions. The Freeman-Durden algorithm is a decomposition based on three-component physical scattering model. On the other hand, the H/A/α parameters are mathematical parameters used to define a three-dimensional space that may be subdivided with scattering mechanism interpretations. The Freeman-Durden model has a symmetric formulation for two of its three scattering mechanisms. On the other hand the surface scattering component used by Freeman-Durden model is only applicable to Bragg surface scattering fields which are not the dominant case in agricultural fields. H/A/α can contribute to both of these issues. Based on the RADARSAT-2 images incidence angle, our field based refined Freeman-Durden model and a proposed roughness measure aims to discriminate harvested from senesced crops. We achieved 99.08 percent overall accuracy for cropped corn and 78.76 percent overall accuracy for soybean detection in a two step decision tree. The final conclusion was that C-band SAR was more than adequate for corn discrimination but soybean needs additional source of data.
Out of the City Heat – Way to Less or More Sustainable Futures?
Creators: name: Juschten, Maria (Autor/in)
name: Brandenburg, Christiane (Autor/in)
name: Hössinger, Reinhard (Autor/in)
name: Liebl, Ursula (Autor/in)
name: Offenzeller, Martina (Autor/in)
name: Prutsch, Andrea (Autor/in)
name: Unbehaun, Wiebke (Autor/in)
name: Weber, Fabian (Autor/in)
name: Jiricka-Pürrer, Alexandra (Autor/in)
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: summer tourism
climate change adaptation
urban heat
tourism mobility
sustainable tourism
Sommerfrische
Austria
rural destinations

description: Rural alpine areas are affected by climate change in multiple ways. Today, many lower regions already face challenges in winter. However, several authors indicated new potentials for near-metropolitan areas in summer. As the first study for a metropolitan area, this paper discusses results of a large-scale quantitative survey (n = 877) from Vienna (Austria) to evaluate the intentions of urban residents to seek refreshment in nearby mountainous regions. The results regarding their adaptation behavior confirm the likely increase in demand to escape to nearby refreshing areas during heatwaves. This trend could lead to (re-)vitalization potential for rural near-metropolitan areas in Eastern Austria, which are often characterized by depopulation and degradation of infrastructure. A closer look at the respondents’ mobility behavior, reveals a high risk for unsustainable developments. Although the high and increasing share of car-free households in Vienna would suggest a strong demand for public transport, the likelihood to travel by car towards such destinations is high even among this group. Focusing predominantly on on-site mobility offers would be recommended since many travelers did not use their car within the destination. At last, the attractiveness of climate-friendly travel options is discussed considering mobility-related needs and preferences of three touristic motive groups.
description: + ID der Publikation: hslu_57124 + Art des Beitrages: Wissenschaftliche Medien + Jahrgang: 2019 + Sprache: Englisch + Letzte Aktualisierung: 2019-01-29 16:38:01
Data Breaches of Today
Creators: name: Nabinett, Jada
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: In 2019 there were a total of 7,098 publicly reported data breaches that exposed 15.1 billion records, which is a 284% increase in records exposed compared to 2018. Data is here to stay, and businesses will continue to generate more data. It is important that we hold businesses of all sizes accountable for protecting consumer’s personal data. Not every data breach is the result of a negligent business or an accidental threat, but we must still hold businesses responsible for investing in technology and training to mitigate both external and insider threats. Throughout this technical report, I will discuss the key findings and conclusions that resulted from our analysis of recent data breaches. I will also be sharing the approaches and requirements that were necessary to complete the visual story telling of our discoveries.
Algebraic Stabilization of Explicit Numerical Integration for Extremely Stiff Reaction Networks
Creators: name: Guidry, Mike
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In contrast to the prevailing view in the literature, it is shown that even extremely stiff sets of ordinary differential equations may be solved efficiently by explicit methods if limiting algebraic solutions are used to stabilize the numerical integration. The stabilizing algebra differs essentially for systems well-removed from equilibrium and those near equilibrium. Explicit asymptotic and quasi-steady-state methods that are appropriate when the system is only weakly equilibrated are examined first. These methods are then extended to the case of close approach to equilibrium through a new implementation of partial equilibrium approximations. Using stringent tests with astrophysical thermonuclear networks, evidence is provided that these methods can deal with the stiffest networks, even in the approach to equilibrium, with accuracy and integration timestepping comparable to that of implicit methods. Because explicit methods can execute a timestep faster and scale more favorably with network size than implicit algorithms, our results suggest that algebraically-stabilized explicit methods might enable integration of larger reaction networks coupled to fluid dynamics than has been feasible previously for a variety of disciplines.
description: Updated references
Scattering and bound states in two-dimensional anisotropic potentials
Creators: name: Rosenkranz, Matthias
name: Bao, Weizhu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a framework for calculating scattering and bound state properties in anisotropic two-dimensional potentials. Using our method, we derive systematic approximations of partial wave phase shifts and binding energies. Moreover, the method is suitable for efficient numerical computations. We calculate the s-wave phase shift and binding energy of polar molecules in two layers polarized by an external field along an arbitrary direction. We find that scattering depends strongly on their polarization direction and that absolute interlayer binding energies are larger than thermal energies at typical ultracold temperatures.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures
Monitoring and Control System Design for a Catalyst Manufacturing Unit
Creators: name: Windmuller, Simon D
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Engineering--Chemical
subject: Engineering--Electronics and Electrical
subject: Engineering--Industrial
subject: Engineering--Petroleum
subject: oil
subject: gas
subject: controls
subject: control
subject: communications
subject: delay
subject: throughput
subject: LabVIEW
subject: Simulink
subject: MATLAB
subject: SimEvents
subject: queuing
subject: upgrade
subject: Bitumen
subject: nanoparticles
subject: catalyst
subject: remote control
subject: omnet
subject: omnet++
subject: Capacity
subject: tunning

description: In the Oil and Gas Industry there are a lot of processes that imply the use of control systems. One of these processes is the In Situ Upgrading of Bitumen and Heavy Oils via Nanocatalysis for which a pilot plant has been idealized and built. This thesis works through the process of the design, implementation, evaluation and testing of a system specifically purposed to control and monitor the aforementioned process’ plant also known as the Catalyst Skid. The outcome of this work have shown an intrinsic exponential delay response to throughput change; results which were consistent throughout simulation, analysis and testing. From this work several design philosophy trends, functionality test procedures and communication benchmarks for this control system were obtained as well, achievements that cannot only be used in the Oil and Gas Industry but also in any other industrial applications where remote control systems are needed.
Modeling Magnetorotational Turbulence in Protoplanetary Disks with Dead Zones
Creators: name: Okuzumi, Satoshi
name: Hirose, Shigenobu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Turbulence driven by magnetorotational instability (MRI) crucially affects the evolution of solid bodies in protoplanetary disks. On the other hand, small dust particles stabilize MRI by capturing ionized gas particles needed for the coupling of the gas and magnetic fields. To provide an empirical basis for modeling the coevolution of dust and MRI, we perform three-dimensional, ohmic-resistive MHD simulations of a vertically stratified shearing box with an MRI-inactive "dead zone" of various sizes and with a net vertical magnetic flux of various strengths. We find that the vertical structure of turbulence is well characterized by the vertical magnetic flux and three critical heights derived from the linear analysis of MRI in a stratified disk. In particular, the turbulent structure depends on the resistivity profile only through the critical heights and is insensitive to the details of the resistivity profile. We discover scaling relations between the amplitudes of various turbulent quantities (velocity dispersion, density fluctuation, vertical diffusion coefficient, and outflow mass flux) and vertically integrated accretion stresses. We also obtain empirical formulae for the integrated accretion stresses as a function of the vertical magnetic flux and the critical heights. These empirical relations allow to predict the vertical turbulent structure of a protoplanetary disk for a given strength of the magnetic flux and a given resistivity profile.
description: 16 pages, 18 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Can democracy function alongside weak civil society? The case of post-communist Europe
Creators: name: Ryan, Freiburger
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Post-Communist Europe poses a theoretical puzzle for students of democracy. There is a large body of political science literature that argues that civil society is not only good for democracy but critical for democratic deepening. While civil society is generally regarded as an essential feature of stable democracy, twenty years after the collapse of communism, post-communist civil society is relatively weak. This thesis examines the relationship between civil society and democracy in post-communist Europe. Using the 2008 European Values Survey I conduct regression analysis to test whether or not there is a statistical link between relative differences in the strength of civil society and indicators of democracy at both the country and the individual level. I find no statistical link between civil society and democracy at the country level and found a relatively modest link between democratic values and membership in civil society organizations at the individual level. These results suggest that the link between civil society and democracy in post-communist Europe is relatively modest. The thesis concludes by conducting a case study of Poland where I explore the relationship between civil society and democracy in a more extensive manner.
Performance Evaluation of Localization Techniques for Wireless Sensor Networks
Creators: name: Maddumabandara, Ratagedara Herath M. Achintha
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Engineering--Electronics and Electrical
subject: Speaker Localization
subject: Wireless Sensor Networks
subject: TDOA

description: Localising people can be achieved by using wearable sensor nodes or by listening to speech. Receiver Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI), Time of Arrival (TOA) and Time Difference of Arrival (TDOA) are three main techniques that have been used in sensor node localization. Since lack of restrictions, the TDOA based methods have become more popular. It can be used for both wearable sensor nodes and for localizing speech. Using a wireless sensor network instead a wired microphone array is more convenient and easily deployable. However, performance degrades rapidly with acoustic reverberation and packet loss. Though robust beamforming techniques like SRP-PHAT exist, they are computationally exhaustive. In this study, performance of both localization using wearable sensor nodes and speech are experimentally evaluated. Effect of packet loss is analysed and ways of minimizing the effects are proposed. Variance of TDOA estimate is derived and a new search algorithm to minimize computational cost of SRP-PHAT is proposed.
Destruction of valence-bond order in a $S=1/2$ sawtooth chain with a Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya term
Creators: name: Hao, Zhihao
name: Wan, Yuan
name: Rousochatzakis, Ioannis
name: Wildeboer, Julia
name: Seidel, A.
name: Mila, F.
name: Tchernyshyov, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A small value of the spin gap in quantum antiferromagnets with strong frustration makes them susceptible to nominally small deviations from the ideal Heisenberg model. One of such perturbations, the anisotropic Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction, is an important perturbation for the $S=1/2$ kagome antiferromagnet, one of the current candidates for a quantum-disordered ground state. We study the influence of the DM term in a related one-dimensional system, the sawtooth chain that has valence-bond order in its ground state. Through a combination of analytical and numerical methods, we show that a relatively weak DM coupling, $0.115J$, is sufficient to destroy the valence-bond order, close the spin gap, and turn the system into a Luttinger liquid with algebraic spin correlations. A similar mechanism may be at work in the kagome antiferromagnet.
description: 11 pages. References added. Revisions made as requested by referees
Confined Shocks inside Isolated Liquid Volumes -- A New Path of Erosion?
Creators: name: Obreschkow, Danail
name: Dorsaz, Nicolas
name: Kobel, Philippe
name: de Bosset, Aurele
name: Tinguely, Marc
name: Field, John
name: Farhat, Mohamed
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The unique confinement of shock waves inside isolated liquid volumes amplifies the density of shock-liquid interactions. We investigate this universal principle through an interdisciplinary study of shock-induced cavitation inside liquid volumes, isolated in 2 and 3 dimensions. By combining high-speed visualizations of ideal water drops realized in microgravity with smoothed particle simulations we evidence strong shock-induced cavitation at the focus of the confined shocks. We extend this analysis to ground-observations of jets and drops using an analytic model, and argue that cavitation caused by trapped shocks offers a distinct mechanism of erosion in high-speed impacts (>100 m/s).
description: 4 page letter, 4 figures
Thermodynamics of trajectories of the one-dimensional Ising model
Creators: name: Loscar, Ernesto S
name: Mey, Antonia S J S
name: Garrahan, Juan P
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a numerical study of the dynamics of the one-dimensional Ising model by applying the large-deviation method to describe ensembles of dynamical trajectories. In this approach trajectories are classified according to a dynamical order parameter and the structure of ensembles of trajectories can be understood from the properties of large-deviation functions, which play the role of dynamical free-energies. We consider both Glauber and Kawasaki dynamics, and also the presence of a magnetic field. For Glauber dynamics in the absence of a field we confirm the analytic predictions of Jack and Sollich about the existence of critical dynamical, or space-time, phase transitions at critical values of the "counting" field $s$. In the presence of a magnetic field the dynamical phase diagram also displays first order transition surfaces. We discuss how these non-equilibrium transitions in the 1$d$ Ising model relate to the equilibrium ones of the 2$d$ Ising model. For Kawasaki dynamics we find a much simple dynamical phase structure, with transitions reminiscent of those seen in kinetically constrained models.
description: 23 pages, 10 figures