cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Stress or enrichment? A study of the effects of zoo visitors on captive spider monkey behavior and welfare at a New Jersey zoo
Creators: name: De Angelo, Peter
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2024

description: Millions of people visit zoos across the world annually, and these facilities help educate the public about important topics such as conservation and wildlife ecology, as well as aid in maintaining threatened species. However, while zoos provide many useful benefits, several issues also arise, such as unethical enclosure designs, unnatural diets, and the zoo visitor effect, the process in which captive animals will exhibit pathological patterns of behavior and physiology indicative of stress, based on fluctuating welfare states, stemming from the presence and activity of large numbers of unfamiliar human visitors. This study investigates the zoo visitor effect on a troop (n = 4) of zoo-housed, black-handed spider monkeys (Ateles geoffroyi). Using behavioral observations and a combination of quantitative and qualitative data analysis, results seem to indicate a negative effect assessed by an increase in negative behaviors. Individuals displayed high levels of resting and vigilance in their overall activities, yet increased rates of locomotion and repetitive, abnormal behaviors in the presence of human visitors. These results suggest that a form of stressful excitement arises in response to the presence of human visitors, reflecting similar results from other studies conducted on captive Ateles. This study emphasizes the importance of ethical animal management and techniques for alleviating potential issues, with a focus on an understudied species of primate in captivity.
Effect of rotational alignment on outcome of total knee arthroplasty
Creators: name: Valkering, Kars P
name: Breugem, Stefan J
name: Bekerom, Michel PJ Van Den
name: Tuinebreijer, Willem E
name: Geenen, Rutger C I Van
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Science Policy
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Medicine
subject: Engineering

description: Background and purpose — Poor outcomes have been linked to errors in rotational alignment of total knee arthroplasty components. The aims of this study were to determine the correlation between rotational alignment and outcome, to review the success of revision for malrotated total knee arthroplasty, and to determine whether evidence-based guidelines for malrotated total knee arthroplasty can be proposed.Patients and methods — We conducted a systematic review including all studies reporting on both rotational alignment and functional outcome. Comparable studies were used in a correlation analysis and results of revision were analyzed separately.Results — 846 studies were identified, 25 of which met the inclusion criteria. From this selection, 11 studies could be included in the correlation analysis. A medium positive correlation (ρ = 0.44, 95% CI: 0.27–0.59) and a large positive correlation (ρ = 0.68, 95% CI: 0.64–0.73) were found between external rotation of the tibial component and the femoral component, respectively, and the Knee Society score. Revision for malrotation gave positive results in all 6 studies in this field.Interpretation — Medium and large positive correlations were found between tibial and femoral component rotational alignment on the one hand and better functional outcome on the other. Revision of malrotated total knee arthroplasty may be successful. However, a clear cutoff point for revision for malrotated total knee arthroplasty components could not be identified.
title: Method and experimental investigation of surface heat dissipation measurement using 3D thermography
Creators: name: Schmoll, Robert
name: Schramm, Sebastian
name: Breitenstein, Tom
name: Kroll, Andreas
Publisher: name: Universität Kassel
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 620
subject: Thermografie
subject: 3D-Technologie
subject: Sensor
subject: Daten
subject: Wärme

description: Gefördert durch den Publikationsfonds der Universität Kassel
Generalized Dynamic Principal Components
Creators: name: Pena, Daniel
name: Yohai, Victor J.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computational Biology
subject: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Information and Computing Sciences
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Cell Biology

description: Brillinger defined dynamic principal components (DPC) for time series based on a reconstruction criterion. He gave a very elegant theoretical solution and proposed an estimator which is consistent under stationarity. Here we propose a new enterally empirical approach to DPC. The main differences with the existing methods -mainly Brillinger procedure- are (i) the DPC we propose need not be a linear combination of the observations and (ii) it can be based on a variety of loss functions including robust ones. Unlike Brillinger, we do not establish any consistency results; however, contrary to Brillinger’s, which has a very strong stationarity flavor, our concept aims at a better adaptation to possible nonstationary features of the series. We also present a robust version of our procedure that allows to estimate the DPC when the series have outlier contamination. We give iterative algorithms to compute the proposed procedures that can be used with a large number of variables. Our non robust and robust procedures are illustrated with real data sets. Supplemental Material containing mathematical derivations is available on line
Rehabilitation and Return to Activity Criteria After Operative Management of Chronic Exertional Compartment Syndrome of the Leg: A Systematic Review
Creators: name: Gawel, Richard J.
name: Kemler, Bryson R.
name: Coladonato, Carlo
name: Freedman, Kevin B.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Science Policy
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Mental Health

description: Endurance athletes with chronic exertional compartment syndrome (CECS) frequently require fasciotomy to return to activity, but there are no existing comprehensive evidence-based rehabilitation guidelines. We aimed to summarize rehabilitation protocols and return to activity criteria after CECS surgery. Through a systematic literature review, we identified 27 articles that explicitly defined physician-imposed restrictions or guidelines for patients to resume athletic activities following CECS surgery. Common rehabilitation parameters included running restrictions (51.9%), postoperative leg compression (48.1%), immediate postoperative ambulation (44.4%), and early range of motion exercises (37.0%). Most studies (70.4%) reported return to activity timelines, but few (11.1%) utilized subjective criteria for guiding return to activity. No studies utilized objective functional criteria. Rehabilitation and return to activity guidelines after CECS surgery remain poorly defined, and further investigation is needed to develop such guidelines that will enable endurance athletes to safely return to activities and minimize recurrence.
Gait improvement surgery in ambulatory children with diplegic cerebral palsy
Creators: name: Terjesen, Terje
name: Lofterød, Bjørn
name: Skaaret, Ingrid
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Science Policy
subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Medicine
subject: Engineering

description: Background and purpose — Instrumented 3-D gait analyses (GA) in children with cerebral palsy (CP) have shown improved gait function 1 year postoperatively. Using GA, we assessed the outcome after 5 years and evaluated parental satisfaction with the surgery and the need for additional surgery.Patients and methods — 34 ambulatory children with spastic diplegia had preoperative GA. Based on this GA, the children underwent 195 orthopedic procedures on their lower limbs at a mean age of 11.6 (6–19) years. On average, 5.7 (1–11) procedures per child were performed. Outcome measures were evaluation of gait quality using the gait profile score (GPS) and selected kinematic parameters, functional level using the functional mobility scale (FMS), and the degree of parental satisfaction.Results — The mean GPS improved from 20.7° (95% CI: 19–23) preoperatively to 15.4° (95% CI: 14–17) 5 years postoperatively. There was no significant change in GPS between 1 and 5 years. The individual kinematic parameters at the ankle, knee, and hip improved statistically significantly, as did gait function (FMS). The mean parental satisfaction, on a scale from 0 to 10, was 7.7 (2–10) points. There was a need for additional surgical procedures in 14 children; this was more frequent in those who had the index operation at an early age.Interpretation — The main finding was that orthopedic surgery based on preoperative GA gave marked improvements in gait function and quality, which were stable over a 5-year period. Nevertheless, additional orthopedic procedures were necessary in almost half of the children and further follow-up with GA for more than 1 year postoperatively is recommended in children with risk factors for such surgery.
Total ankle replacement for posttraumatic arthritis
Creators: name: Weme, Rebecca A Nieuwe
name: Solinge, Guido Van
name: Doornberg, Job N
name: Sierevelt, Inger
name: Haverkamp, Daniël
name: H Cornelis Doets
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Science Policy
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Medicine

description: Background and purpose — Most studies on total ankle replacement (TAR) have used a case mix of patients. We evaluated the outcome of TAR performed for end-stage arthritis either because of fracture or ligamentous injury.Patients and methods — We prospectively followed 88 consecutive patients (50 postfracture ankles and 40 ankles with instability arthritis (2 bilateral)) who underwent TAR between 2001 and 2009. Mean follow-up for both groups was 5 years.Results — Preoperative varus deformity of 10° or more was present in 23 ankles in the instability group. At 6 years, survival with revision or salvage fusion as an endpoint was 87% (95% CI: 74–99) in the postfracture group and 79% (95% CI: 63–94) in the instability group. Progressive periprosthetic osteolysis was seen in 23 ankles, and required salvage fusion in 6. The number of reoperations was similar in both groups. Clinical outcome, as assessed with 2 ankle scores and 2 questionnaires, showed good results and was similar at the latest follow-up.Interpretation — The outcome was similar in the postfracture and instability groups and also similar to that reported in series including a case mix of patients. In contrast to earlier reports, preoperative frontal plane deformity in this series was not identified as a risk factor for failure.
Role of Wnt/β-catenin and RANKL/OPG in bone healing of diabetic Charcot arthropathy patients
Creators: name: Folestad, Agnetha
name: Ålund, Martin
name: Asteberg, Susanne
name: Fowelin, Jesper
name: Aurell, Ylva
name: Göthlin, Jan
name: Cassuto, Jean
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Hematology
subject: Cancer
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Chemistry
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biochemistry

description: Background and purpose — Charcot neuropathy is characterized by bone destruction in a foot leading to deformity, instability, and risk of amputation. Little is known about the pathogenic mechanisms. We hypothesized that the bone-regulating Wnt/β-catenin and RANKL/OPG pathways have a role in Charcot arthropathy.Patients and methods — 24 consecutive Charcot patients were treated by off-loading, and monitored for 2 years by repeated foot radiography, MRI, and circulating levels of sclerostin, dickkopf-1, Wnt inhibitory factor-1, Wnt ligand-1, OPG, and RANKL. 20 neuropathic diabetic controls and 20 healthy controls served as the reference.Results — Levels of sclerostin, Dkk-1 and Wnt-1, but not of Wif-1, were significantly lower in Charcot patients than in the diabetic controls at inclusion. Dkk-1 and Wnt-1 levels responded to off-loading by increasing. Sclerostin levels were significantly higher in the diabetic controls than in the other groups whereas Wif-1 levels were significantly higher in the healthy controls than in the other groups. OPG and RANKL levels were significantly higher in the Charcot patients than in the other groups at inclusion, but decreased to the levels in healthy controls at 2 years. OPG/RANKL ratio was balanced in all groups at inclusion, and it remained balanced in Charcot patients on repeated measurement throughout the study.Interpretation — High plasma RANKL and OPG levels at diagnosis of Charcot suggest that there is high bone remodeling activity before gradually normalizing after off-loading treatment. The consistently balanced OPG/RANKL ratio in Charcot patients suggests that there is low-key net bone building activity by this pathway following diagnosis and treatment. Inter-group differences at diagnosis and changes in Wnt signaling following off-loading treatment were sufficiently large to be reflected by systemic levels, indicating that this pathway has a role in bone remodeling and bone repair activity in Charcot patients. This is of particular clinical relevance considering the recent emergence of promising drugs that target this system.
EUPASTA What does active mobility mean for health? Lessons from health impact assessment
Creators: name: EUPASTA
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Cycling
Walking
Health

description: WP4 Factsheet. Key results from EUPASTA Linking active mobility and health is the key issue of the “Physical Activity Through Sustainable Transport Approaches” (PASTA) project. Those who decide to opt for active modes of transport are believed to be overall more physically active than those relying on motorized private transport.
A spectral Erdős-Rademacher theorem
Creators: name: Li, Yongtao
name: Lu, Lu
name: Peng, Yuejian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C50, 05C35

description: A classical result of Erdős and Rademacher (1955) indicates a supersaturation phenomenon. It says that if $G$ is a graph on $n$ vertices with at least $\lfloor {n^2}/{4} \rfloor +1$ edges, then $G$ contains at least $\lfloor {n}/{2}\rfloor$ triangles. We prove a spectral version of Erdős--Rademacher's theorem. Moreover, Mubayi [Adv. Math. 225 (2010)] extends the result of Erdős and Rademacher from a triangle to any color-critical graph. It is interesting to study the extension of Mubayi from a spectral perspective. However, it is not apparent to measure the increment on the spectral radius of a graph comparing to the traditional edge version (Mubayi's result). In this paper, we provide a way to measure the increment on the spectral radius of a graph and propose a spectral version on the counting problems for color-critical graphs.
description: 27 pages, 5 figures. Any comments and suggestions are welcome
title: Schottky Solar Cells with CuInS₂ Nanocrystals as Absorber Material
Creators: name: Borchert, Holger
name: Scheunemann, Dorothea
name: Frevert, Katja
name: Witt, Florian
name: Klein, Andreas
name: Parisi, Jürgen
Publisher: name: De Gruyter
Year: 2022

description: Colloidal semiconductor nanocrystals with tunable optical properties are promising materials for light harvesting in solar cells. So far, in particular cadmiumand lead chalcogenide nanocrystals were intensively studied in this respect, and the device performance has made rapid progress in recent years. In contrast, less research efforts were undertaken to develop solar cells based on Cd- and Pb-free nanoparticles as absorbermaterial. In the present work, we report on Schottky solar cells with the absorber layermade of colloidal copper indiumdisulfide nanocrystals. Absorber films with up to ∼ 500 nm thickness were realized by a solution-based layer-by-layer deposition technique. The device performance was systematically studied dependent on the absorber layer thickness. Decreasing photocurrent densities with increasing thickness revealed charge transport to be a limiting factor for the device performance.
Increased risk of revision of cementless stemmed total hip arthroplasty with metal-on-metal bearings
Creators: name: Overgaard, Søren
name: Varnum, Claus
name: Pedersen, Alma B
name: Mäkelä, Keijo
name: Eskelinen, Antti
name: Havelin, Leif Ivar
name: Furnes, Ove
name: Kärrholm, Johan
name: Garellick, Göran
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Medicine

description: Background and purpose — Data from the national joint registries in Australia and England and Wales have revealed inferior medium-term survivorship for metal-on-metal (MoM) total hip arthroplasty (THA) than for metal-on-polyethylene (MoP) THA. Based on data from the Nordic Arthroplasty Register Association (NARA), we compared the revision risk of cementless stemmed THA with MoM and MoP bearings and we also compared MoM THA to each other.Patients and methods — We identified 32,678 patients who were operated from 2002 through 2010 with cementless stemmed THA with either MoM bearings (11,567 patients, 35%) or MoP bearings (21,111 patients, 65%). The patients were followed until revision, death, emigration, or the end of the study period (December 31, 2011), and median follow-up was 3.6 (interquartile range (IQR): 2.4–4.8) years for MoM bearings and 3.4 (IQR: 2.0–5.8) years for MoP bearings. Multivariable regression in the presence of competing risk of death was used to assess the relative risk (RR) of revision for any reason (with 95% confidence interval (CI)).Results — The cumulative incidence of revision at 8 years of follow-up was 7.0% (CI: 6.0–8.1) for MoM bearings and 5.1% (CI: 4.7–5.6) for MoP bearings. At 6 years of follow-up, the RR of revision for any reason was 1.5 (CI: 1.3–1.7) for MoM bearings compared to MoP bearings. The RR of revision for any reason was higher for the ASR (adjusted RR = 6.4, CI: 5.0–8.1), the Conserve Plus (adjusted RR = 1.7, CI: 1.1–2.5) and “other” acetabular components (adjusted RR = 2.4, CI: 1.5–3.9) than for MoP THA at 6 years of follow-up.Interpretation — At medium-term follow-up, the survivorship for cementless stemmed MoM THA was inferior to that for MoP THA, and metal-related problems may cause higher revision rates for MoM bearings with longer follow-up.
GDI Deliverable D7.4: Report to identify the initial set of relevant data for use cases
Creators: name: Portell-Silva, Laura
name: Capella-Gutierrez, Salvador
name: van Rooij, Jeroen
name: Ray-Jones, Helen
name: Uitterlinden, André G
name: Kleeman, Priit
name: Scherer, Andreas
name: Morelli, Marco
name: Tonon, Giovanni
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: GDI
European Genomic Data Infrastructure
1+MG
1+Million Genomes Initiative
B1MG
Data
Use Cases

description: Establishing minimal datasets and standards within GDI facilitates seamless data exchange, driving innovation in healthcare and improving patient outcomes. Deliverable 7.4 encapsulates the collaborative efforts of GDI, 1+MG, and B1MG initiatives towards establishing minimal datasets and standards for genomic data exchange and integration.

Efforts focused on leveraging prior work from 1+MG and B1MG initiatives to define minimal datasets for GDI use cases, particularly in Cancer, Infectious Diseases and the Genome of Europe. Collaborative refinement processes ensured comprehensive standards adherence.

Substantial progress has been made, including the successful submission of the Genome of Europe proposal, advancements in defining minimal datasets for Infectious Diseases and Cancer, and the development of prototypes for Genome-wide association studies (GWAS).

Challenges such as accommodating diverse dataset standards and clarifying basic data standards within GDI require ongoing dialogue and collaboration. Balancing standard adoption with cost considerations remains crucial.

Lastly, standardisation, interoperability, and collaborative frameworks positions are a priority in GDI and efforts towards this goal will continue.
SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIALS to Ceccarelli et al 2022. Vulnerability mapping of 100 priority tree species in Central Africa to guide conservation and restoration efforts. Biological Conservation.
Creators: name: Ceccarelli, Viviana
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 50101 Ecological Impacts of Climate Change
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Science

description: Raster files at 30 arcsec resolution for the vulnerability maps of fire, habitat conversion, overexploitation, overgrazing and climate change and for the conservation and restoration maps for the 100 priority species in the article. The maps of individual species and the summary maps can be used by policy makers and forest practitioners to inform their conservation and restoration actions in the Central African region.
Measurement and correlation of liquid–liquid equilibria for water + ethanol + mixed solvents (dichloromethane or chloroform + diethyl ether) at T = 293.15 K
Creators: name: O. Bacha
name: A. Hasseine
name: M. Attarakih
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Science Policy
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Chemistry
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Engineering

description: ABSTRACTLiquid–liquid equilibrium (LLE) data for the quaternary systems (water + ethanol + dichloromethane (DCM) or chloroform (CHCl3) + diethyl ether (DEE)) were experimentally investigated at 293.15 K. The thermodynamic consistency of the data was performed using the Othmer–Tobias and Hand plots. The experimental tie-line data were correlated using the non-random, two-liquid (NRTL) model. As a result, the comparison of the extracting capabilities of the mixed solvents with respect to the distribution coefficients and separation factors showed that the (50% DCM +50% DEE) system had a higher separation factor for the (water + ethanol + DCM + DEE) system. On the other hand, the (50% CHCl3 +50% DEE) system had a higher separation factor for the (water + ethanol + CHCl3 + DEE) system. The last solvent (50% CHCl3 +50% DEE) was found to be the best solvent, with a positive synergistic effect on DEE, high separation factor, and very low solubility in water.
More than 95% completeness of reported procedures in the population-based Dutch Arthroplasty Register
Creators: name: Steenbergen, Liza N Van
name: Denissen, Geke A W
name: Spooren, Anneke
name: Rooden, Stephanie M Van
name: Oosterhout, Frank J Van
name: Morrenhof, Jan W
name: Nelissen, Rob G H H
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Medicine

description: Background and purpose — A complete and correct national arthroplasty register is indispensable for the quality of arthroplasty outcome studies. We evaluated the coverage, completeness, and validity of the Dutch Arthroplasty Register (LROI) for hip and knee arthroplasty.Patients and methods — The LROI is a nationwide population-based registry with information on joint arthroplasties in the Netherlands. Completeness of entered procedures was validated in 2 ways: (1) by comparison with the number of reimbursements for arthroplasty surgeries (Vektis database), and (2) by comparison with data from hospital information systems (HISs). The validity was examined by conducting checks on missing or incorrectly coded values in the LROI.Results — The LROI contains over 300,000 hip and knee arthroplasties performed since 2007. Coverage of all Dutch hospitals (n = 100) was reached in 2012. Completeness of registered procedures was 98% for hip arthroplasty and 96% for knee arthroplasty in 2012, based on Vektis data. Based on comparison with data from the HIS, completeness of registered procedures was 97% for primary total hip arthroplasty and 96% for primary knee arthroplasty in 2013. Completeness of revision arthroplasty was 88% for hips and 90% for knees in 2013. The proportion of missing or incorrectly coded values of variables was generally less than 0.5%, except for encrypted personal identity numbers (17% of which were missing) and ASA scores (10% of which were missing).Interpretation — The LROI now contains over 300,000 hip and knee arthroplasty procedures, with coverage of all hospitals. It has a good level of completeness (i.e. more than 95% for primary hip and knee arthroplasty procedures in 2012 and 2013) and the database has high validity.
Moving Object Detection in VVC
Creators: name: Ashfaq, Yousra
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 460305
subject: Image and video coding
classificationCode: 400607
subject: Signal processing
classificationCode: 460309
subject: Video processing
classificationCode: 460304
subject: Computer vision

description: This thesis embarks on the ultimate question: How to detect moving objects in VVC? Since, VVC is a relatively new codec and no prior research available on moving object detection (MOD) in VVC, the VVC reference software is exploited to extract features to create moving object masks. The results are compared to MOD in the previous coding standard i.e. HEVC, as well as pixel domain approaches. It's found that the proposed MOD in VVC outperforms MOD in HEVC and MOD in pixel domain.
E,E-α-Farnesene rich essential oil of Saraca asoca (Roxb.) Wilde flower
Creators: name: Joshi, Rajesh K.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Saraca asoca (Roxb.) Wilde (Fabaceae) commonly known as ‘Ashoka’ is a highly valued medicinal plant categorised ‘vulnerable’ by International Union for Conservation of Nature. The hydro-distilled essential oil from the flowers of S. asoca was investigated using gas chromatography equipped with a flame ionisation detector (GC-FID) and gas chromatography coupled with a mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Twenty-eight compounds representing 95.8% of the total oil were identified. The major constituents of the essential oil were E,E-α-farnesene (41.2%), hexadecanoic acid (15.3%), methyl salicylate (9.5%) and Z-lanceol (6.6%). The oil was found to be rich in sesquiterpene hydrocarbon-type constituents.
FTIR microscopy reveals distinct biomolecular profile of crustacean digestive glands upon subtoxic exposure to ZnO nanoparticles
Creators: name: Romih, Tea
name: Jemec, Anita
name: Novak, Sara
name: Vaccari, Lisa
name: Ferraris, Paolo
name: Šimon, Martin
name: Kos, Monika
name: Susič, Robert
name: Kogej, Ksenija
name: Zupanc, Jernej
name: Drobne, Damjana
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plasma Physics

description: Biomolecular profiling with Fourier-Transform InfraRed Microscopy was performed to distinguish the Zn2+-mediated effects on the crustacean (Porcellio scaber) digestive glands from the ones elicited by the ZnO nanoparticles (NPs). The exposure to ZnO NPs or ZnCl2 (1500 and 4000 µg Zn/g of dry food) activated different types of metabolic pathways: some were found in the case of both substances, some only in the case of ZnCl2, and some only upon exposure to ZnO NPs. Both the ZnO NPs and the ZnCl2 increased the protein (∼1312 cm−1; 1720–1485 cm−1/3000–2830 cm−1) and RNA concentration (∼1115 cm−1). At the highest exposure concentration of ZnCl2, where the effects occurred also at the organismal level, some additional changes were found that were not detected upon the ZnO NP exposure. These included changed carbohydrate (most likely glycogen) concentrations (∼1043 cm−1) and the desaturation of cell membrane lipids (∼3014 cm−1). The activation of novel metabolic pathways, as evidenced by changed proteins’ structure (at 1274 cm−1), was found only in the case of ZnO NPs. This proves that Zn2+ are not the only inducers of the response to ZnO NPs. Low bioavailable fraction of Zn2+ in the digestive glands exposed to ZnO NPs further supports the role of particles in the ZnO NP-generated effects. This study provides the evidence that ZnO NPs induce their own metabolic responses in the subtoxic range.
E,E-α-Farnesene rich essential oil of Saraca asoca (Roxb.) Wilde flower
Creators: name: Joshi, Rajesh K.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Saraca asoca (Roxb.) Wilde (Fabaceae) commonly known as ‘Ashoka’ is a highly valued medicinal plant categorised ‘vulnerable’ by International Union for Conservation of Nature. The hydro-distilled essential oil from the flowers of S. asoca was investigated using gas chromatography equipped with a flame ionisation detector (GC-FID) and gas chromatography coupled with a mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Twenty-eight compounds representing 95.8% of the total oil were identified. The major constituents of the essential oil were E,E-α-farnesene (41.2%), hexadecanoic acid (15.3%), methyl salicylate (9.5%) and Z-lanceol (6.6%). The oil was found to be rich in sesquiterpene hydrocarbon-type constituents.
Contribution of membrane-associated oscillators to biological timing at different timescales
Creators: name: Stengl, Monika
name: Schneider, Anna Caren
Publisher: name: Universität Kassel
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: endogenous clocks
subject: coupled oscillators
subject: homeostasis
subject: plasticity
subject: circadian rhythms
subject: ultradian rhythms
subject: TTFL
subject: PTFL
subject: 570
subject: Biorhythmus
subject: Tagesrhythmus
subject: Ultradianrhythmus
subject: Homöostase
subject: Oszillator
subject: Zeitmessung

description: Gefördert durch den Publikationsfonds der Universität Kassel
Presentation of the Norwegian National Chapter at the CoARA National Chapters Exchange Forum 2024
Creators: name: Lie, Ragnar
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Slides presented at the CoARA National Chapters Exchange Forum 2024.  A description of the event is available here: https://coara.eu/news/building-a-stronger-network-coara-national-chapters-convene-for-a-first-exchange-forum/.
Methylation of inorganic arsenic by murine fetal tissue explants
Creators: name: Broka, Derrick
name: Ditzel, Eric
name: Quach, Stephanie
name: Camenisch, Todd D.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Although it is generally believed that the developing fetus is principally exposed to inorganic arsenic and the methylated metabolites from the maternal metabolism of arsenic, little is known about whether the developing embryo can autonomously metabolize arsenic. This study investigates inorganic arsenic methylation by murine embryonic organ cultures of the heart, lung, and liver. mRNA for AS3mt, the gene responsible for methylation of arsenic, was detected in all embryonic tissue types studied. In addition, methylated arsenic metabolites were generated by all three tissue types. The fetal liver explants yielded the most methylated arsenic metabolites (∼7% of total arsenic/48 h incubation) while the heart, and lung preparations produced slightly greater than 2% methylated metabolites. With all tissues the methylation proceeded mostly to the dimethylated arsenic species. This has profound implications for understanding arsenic-induced fetal toxicity, particularly if the methylated metabolites are produced autonomously by embryonic tissues.
Methylation of inorganic arsenic by murine fetal tissue explants
Creators: name: Broka, Derrick
name: Ditzel, Eric
name: Quach, Stephanie
name: Camenisch, Todd D.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Chemistry
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Genetics
subject: Biochemistry

description: Although it is generally believed that the developing fetus is principally exposed to inorganic arsenic and the methylated metabolites from the maternal metabolism of arsenic, little is known about whether the developing embryo can autonomously metabolize arsenic. This study investigates inorganic arsenic methylation by murine embryonic organ cultures of the heart, lung, and liver. mRNA for AS3mt, the gene responsible for methylation of arsenic, was detected in all embryonic tissue types studied. In addition, methylated arsenic metabolites were generated by all three tissue types. The fetal liver explants yielded the most methylated arsenic metabolites (∼7% of total arsenic/48 h incubation) while the heart, and lung preparations produced slightly greater than 2% methylated metabolites. With all tissues the methylation proceeded mostly to the dimethylated arsenic species. This has profound implications for understanding arsenic-induced fetal toxicity, particularly if the methylated metabolites are produced autonomously by embryonic tissues.
Deep Neural Network Pruning with Progressive Regularizer
Creators: name: Zhou, Yexu
name: Zhao, Haibin
name: Hefenbrock, Michael
name: Li, Siyan
name: Beigl, Michael
Publisher: name: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Year: 2024
Subjects: progressive regularizer
neural network
tiny machine learning
lightweight

description: Pruning is a pivotal approach in network compression. It not only encourages lightweight deep neural networks, but also helps to mitigate overfitting. Generally, regularization is used to guide more parameters towards zero and thus reduce the overall model complexity. Unfortunately, there are two issued remaining unsolved in regularization based pruning. One is that the optimal trade-off between regularization and loss minimization, often expressed via a scaling hyperparameter, needs to be found through extensive experimentation. The other one is the importance criteria that can reflect the true relative importance. The most widely used criterion is the magnitude-based, which has been argued to be inaccurate. To these two issues, in this paper, we propose a progressive regularization scheme, in which the factor scaling the regularization term is gradually increased during training, until the target sparsity for filter pruning is reached. Compared to the previous approach, the scaling factor is no longer a hyperparameter that needs to be tuned, but is replaced with a sparsity-aware parameter that increases progressively. In this way, the value of the scaling factor can be automatically aligned with the target sparsity, avoiding the drawbacks in its tuning. Furthermore, Only parameters below a minimal and learnable soft threshold are pruned, therefore, informative parameters (even with small magnitudes) are optimally preserved. Consequently, the performance loss due to pruning is mitigated. Experiments with various models and benchmark datasets prove the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Spectroscopic factors of resonance states with the Gamow shell model
Creators: name: Xie, M. R.
name: Li, J. G.
name: Michel, N.
name: Li, H. H.
name: Zuo, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide an investigation of the spectroscopic factor of resonance states in $A =5-8$ nuclei, utilizing the Gamow shell model (GSM). Within the GSM, the configuration mixing is taken into account exactly with the shell model framework, and the continuum coupling is addressed via the complex-energy Berggren ensemble, which treats bound, resonance, and non-resonant continuum single-particle states on an equal footing. As a result, both the configuration mixing and continuum coupling are meticulously considered in the GSM. We first calculate the low-lying states of helium isotopes and isotones with the GSM, and the results are compared with that of \textit{ab initio} no-core shell model (NCSM) calculations. The results indicate that GSM can reproduce the low-lying resonance states more accurately than the no-core shell model. Following this, we delve into the spectroscopic factors of the resonance states as computed through both GSM and NCSM, concurrently conducting systematic calculations of overlap functions pertinent to these resonance states. Finally, the calculated overlap function and spectroscopic factor of $^6$He$(0_1^+)$ $\otimes νp_{3/2} \to $ $^7$He$(3/2_1^-)$ with GSM are compared with the results from \textit{ab initio} NCSM, variational Monte Carlo, and Green's function Monte Carlo calculations, as well as avaliable experimental data. The results assert that wave function asymptotes can only be reproduced in GSM, where resonance and continuum coupling are precisely addressed.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures, 1 table
Association of Lysyl oxidase (LOX) polymorphisms with the risk of Keratoconus in an Iranian population
Creators: name: Hasanian-Langroudi, Farzaneh
name: Saravani, Ramin
name: Mohammad-Hosein Validad
name: Gholamreza Bahari
name: Davood Yari
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cancer
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Genetics
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Medicine

description: Background: Keratoconus is a connective tissue-related eye disease with unknown etiology that causes the loss of visual acuity. Lysyl oxidase (LOX) is an amine oxidase that catalyzes the covalent cross-link of collagens and elastin in the extracellular environment, thus determining the mechanical properties of connective tissue. The current study aimed to investigate the possible associations between two LOX polymorphisms, rs1800449 and rs2288393, and susceptibility to keratoconus.Methods: A total of 262 Iranian subjects including 112 patients with keratoconus and 150 healthy individuals as controls were recruited. Genotyping for the LOX variants was performed using allele-specific PCR.Results: A significant difference was found between two groups regarding allelic and genotyping distribution of LOX polymorphism at position rs1800449 G>A. The frequency of AA and GA + AA genotypes were increased in patients compared to controls (17% versus 8% and 62.5% versus 50%, respectively), showing a statistically significant difference (OR = 2.827, 95% CI: 1.251–6.391, p = 0.012). The A allele was associated with an increased risk for keratoconus, with the frequency of 39.9% and 29% in patients and controls, respectively (OR = 1.614, 95% CI: 1.119–2.326, p = 0.011). Furthermore, the haplotype analysis revealed that the rs1800449G/rs2288393C is a protective factor against keratoconus (OR = 0.425, 95% CI = 0.296–0.609, p = 0.001). Conversely, the +473A/rs2288393C (OR = 3.703, 95% CI = 2.230–6.149, p = 0.001) and +473G/rs2288393G (OR = 15.48, 95% CI = 3.805–63.03, p = 0.001) haplotypes were identified as risk factors for keratoconus.Conclusion: Our study demonstrated that the LOX rs1800449 genotypes (AA and GA + AA) and allele (A) appears to confer risk for susceptibility to keratoconus.
Predicting edge-localized monovacancy defects in zigzag graphene nanoribbons from Floquet quasienergy spectrum
Creators: name: Kumar, Gulshan
name: Kumar, Shashikant
name: Kumar, Ajay
name: Parida, Prakash
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we prescribe a theoretical framework aiming at predicting the position of monovacancy defects at the edges of zigzag graphene nanoribbons (ZGNRs) using Floquet-Bloch formalism, which can be experimentally observed through time- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (tr-ARPES). Our methodology involves an in-depth investigation of the Floquet quasienergy band spectrum influenced by light with varying polarization across a range of frequencies. Particularly under the influence of circularly polarized light with a frequency comparable to the bandwidth of the system, our findings suggest a promising approach for locating monovacancy defects at either edge, a challenge that proves intricate to predict from the ARPES spectrum of ZGNRs with monovacancy defects. This has been achieved by analyzing the orientation of the Floquet edge state and the appearance of new Dirac points in the vicinity of the Fermi level. The real-world applications of these captivating characteristics underscore the importance and pertinence of our theoretical framework, paving the way for additional exploration and practical use. Our approach, employing the Floquet formalism, is not limited to monovacancy-type defects; rather, it can be expanded to encompass various types of vacancy defects.
description: Total number of 10 pages and 12 figures
Gangotri Gomukh and its retreat in Google Earth time series 2010-2022
Creators: name: Sparavigna, Amelia Carolina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Satellite imagery
Google Earth
Glacier terminus retreat
Gangotri glacier

description: In 2017, we considered the retreat of the Gangotri Gomukh, the terminus of the Gangotri Glacier. This is a Himalayan glacier located in the Uttarkashi District, India. Further investigation is today necessary about the rate of retreating Gomukh I proposed in 2017. The rate had been obtained by means of Google Earth satellite images of 2010 and 2016. Here we consider a different approach, using the satellite images of 2010 and 2017, and Google Earth tools. The use of Google Earth images of 2019 and 2022 is also suggested.
Brain-controlled toy car for people with ADHD
Creators: name: Shah, Mohammad
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 460102
subject: Applications in health
classificationCode: 420313
subject: Mental health services
classificationCode: 420504
subject: Mental health nursing
classificationCode: 320904
subject: Computational neuroscience (incl. mathematical neuroscience and theoretical neuroscience)

description: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a condition that affects people's behaviour. People with ADHD can seem restless, may have trouble concentrating and may act on impulse. Around 366 million adults in the world have ADHD. While many medicines such as methylphenidate, lisdexamfetamine, dexamfetamine, atomoxetine, & guanfacine exist, all of these have side effects such as increase in blood pressure and heart rate, loss of appetite etc which can be quite problematic.My approach is to develop a brain-controlled toy car that can move forward, backward, left, and right based on the user's brainwave signals captured by the NeuroSky MindWave EEG headset. The Arduino-type board will process these signals and control the car's movements accordingly.The components I will be using include a NeuroSky MindWave EEG headset, an Arduino-based board (e.g., Arduino Uno or Lafvin board), toy car chassis with motors, motor driver modules, wheels and power supply for the car, breadboard and jumper wires.The implementation will begin with EEG data acquisition. Then, signal processing will be done to distinguish relaxation from concentration and vice versa. Next, the Arduino-based controller will be integrated. In addition, motor control, toy car assembly, and then several iterations of testing, calibration, troubleshooting and improvements will be done.I hope this brain-controlled car will allow people with ADHD or severe ADHD to boost their concentration and relaxation and that too, non-invasively and without side effects otherwise caused by medicines.
Robert Zandvliet - Florilegium. Overview 1998 - 2023
Creators: name: Hollaus, Invar Torre
name: Zandvliet, Robert
Publisher: name: Peter Blum Edition
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: 700 - Künste und Unterhaltung

description: Invar-Torre Hollaus: Robert Zandvliet – A Boundless Gaze (S.6-9) & A Dialogue about Painting – Invar-Torre Hollaus in Conversation with Robert Zandvliet (S.36-42), in: Robert Zandvliet – Florilegium, Ausst.-Kat. Peter Blum Gallery, New York 2024
Augmenting the Unreturned for Field Data With Information on Returned Failures Only
Creators: name: Ye, Zhi-Sheng
name: Loon-Ching Tang
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Field data are an important source of reliability information for many commercial products. Because field data are often collected by the maintenance department, information on failed and returned units is well maintained. Nevertheless, information on unreturned units is generally unavailable. The unavailability leads to truncation in the lifetime data. This study proposes a data-augmentation algorithm for this type of truncated field return data with returned failures available only. The algorithm is based on an idea to reveal the hidden unobserved lifetimes. Theoretical justifications of the procedure for augmenting the hidden unobserved are given. On the other hand, the algorithm is iterative in nature. Asymptotic properties of the estimators from the iterations are investigated. Both point estimation and the information matrix of the parameters can be directly obtained from the algorithm. In addition, a by-product of the algorithm is a nonparametric estimator of the installation time distribution. An example from an asset-rich company is given to demonstrate the proposed methods. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.