cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
MTN-001: Randomized Pharmacokinetic Cross-Over Study Comparing Tenofovir Vaginal Gel and Oral Tablets in Vaginal Tissue and Other Compartments
Creators: name: Hendrix, Craig W.
name: Chen, Beatrice A.
name: Guddera, Vijayanand
name: Hoesley, Craig
name: Justman, Jessica E.
name: Nakabiito, Clemensia
name: Salata, Robert
name: Soto-Torres, Lydia
name: Patterson, Karen
name: Minnis, Alexandra M.
name: Gandham, Sharavi
name: Gomez, Kailazarid
name: Richardson, Barbra A.
name: Bumpus, Namandje N.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Pharmacology
Obstetrics
Gynecology
Epidemiology

description: Background: Oral and vaginal preparations of tenofovir as pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection have demonstrated variable efficacy in men and women prompting assessment of variation in drug concentration as an explanation. Knowledge of tenofovir concentration and its active form, tenofovir diphosphate, at the putative vaginal and rectal site of action and its relationship to concentrations at multiple other anatomic locations may provide key information for both interpreting PrEP study outcomes and planning future PrEP drug development.
Objective: MTN-001 was designed to directly compare oral to vaginal steady-state tenofovir pharmacokinetics in blood, vaginal tissue, and vaginal and rectal fluid in a paired cross-over design.
Methods and Findings: We enrolled 144 HIV-uninfected women at 4 US and 3 African clinical research sites in an open label, 3-period crossover study of three different daily tenofovir regimens, each for 6 weeks (oral 300 mg tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, vaginal 1% tenofovir gel [40 mg], or both). Serum concentrations after vaginal dosing were 56-fold lower than after oral dosing (p less than 0.001). Vaginal tissue tenofovir diphosphate was quantifiable in ≥90% of women with vaginal dosing and only 19% of women with oral dosing. Vaginal tissue tenofovir diphosphate was ≥130-fold higher with vaginal compared to oral dosing (p less than 0.001). Rectal fluid tenofovir concentrations in vaginal dosing periods were higher than concentrations measured in the oral only dosing period (p less than 0.03).
Conclusions: Compared to oral dosing, vaginal dosing achieved much lower serum concentrations and much higher vaginal tissue concentrations. Even allowing for 100-fold concentration differences due to poor adherence or less frequent prescribed dosing, vaginal dosing of tenofovir should provide higher active site concentrations and theoretically greater PrEP efficacy than oral dosing; randomized topical dosing PrEP trials to the contrary indicates that factors beyond tenofovir’s antiviral effect substantially influence PrEP efficacy.
Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00592124
Infrared Non-detection of Fomalhaut b -- Implications for the Planet Interpretation
Creators: name: Janson, Markus
name: Carson, Joe
name: Lafreniere, David
name: Spiegel, David
name: Bent, John
name: Wong, Palmer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nearby A4-type star Fomalhaut hosts a debris belt in the form of an eccentric ring, which is thought to be caused by dynamical influence from a giant planet companion. In 2008, a detection of a point-source inside the inner edge of the ring was reported and was interpreted as a direct image of the planet, named Fomalhaut b. The detection was made at ~600--800 nm, but no corresponding signatures were found in the near-infrared range, where the bulk emission of such a planet should be expected. Here we present deep observations of Fomalhaut with Spitzer/IRAC at 4.5 um, using a novel PSF subtraction technique based on ADI and LOCI, in order to substantially improve the Spitzer contrast at small separations. The results provide more than an order of magnitude improvement in the upper flux limit of Fomalhaut b and exclude the possibility that any flux from a giant planet surface contributes to the observed flux at visible wavelengths. This renders any direct connection between the observed light source and the dynamically inferred giant planet highly unlikely. We discuss several possible interpretations of the total body of observations of the Fomalhaut system, and find that the interpretation that best matches the available data for the observed source is scattered light from transient or semi-transient dust cloud.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures, ApJ 747, 166. V2: updated acknowledgments and references
Quantum simulation of the central spin model with a Rydberg atom and polar molecules in optical tweezers
Creators: name: Dobrzyniecki, Jacek
name: Tomza, Michał
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Central spin models, where a single spinful particle interacts with a spin environment, find wide application in quantum information technology and can be used to describe, e.g., the decoherence of a qubit over time. We propose a method of realizing an ultracold quantum simulator of a central spin model with XX (spin-exchanging) interactions. The proposed system consists of a single Rydberg atom ("central spin") and surrounding polar molecules ("bath spins"), coupled to each other via dipole-dipole interactions. By mapping internal particle states to spin states, spin-exchanging interactions can be simulated. As an example system geometry, we consider a ring-shaped arrangement of bath spins, and show how it allows us to exact precise control over the interaction strengths. We numerically analyze two example dynamical scenarios which can be simulated in this setup: a decay of central spin polarization, which can represent qubit decoherence in a disordered environment, and a transfer of an input spin state to a specific output spin, which can represent the transmission of a single bit across a quantum network. We demonstrate that this setup allows us to realize a central spin model with highly tunable parameters and geometry, for applications in quantum science and technology.
description: 26 pages, 9 figures, 3 tables
title: Contribution of whole body MRI with “DWIBS” sequence to N and M lung cancer staging in the work up
Creators: name: Ben Rejeb, jihene
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Metastases
subject: Cancer
subject: Staging
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: MR
subject: Oncology
subject: Lymph nodes
subject: Lung
subject: Oncologic Imaging

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: The prognosis of lung cancer depends, in part, on c TNM based, mainly, on CT and PET-CT. Whole body MRI with DWIBS sequence can be an alternative to PET-CT. The aim of our study was to evaluate the contribution of this technique to the staging at...
Additional file 2 of Using light-level geolocations to monitor incubation behaviour of a cavity-nesting bird Apus apus pekinensis
Creators: name: Huang, Xiao
name: Zhao, Yanyan
name: Liu, Yang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2: Table S1. The specific onset and end date of different reproduction period of six individuals of Beijing Swifts inferred from light-level geolocators.
Free Trade: Old and New Challenges
Creators: name: Bhagwati, Jagdish N.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1994
Subjects: Economics

description: The paper analyses the old and new challenges to the theory and policy of free trade. The old challenges have sought to undermine the case for free trade by citing one or another type of market imperfection. Thus, the postwar period has seen two such challenges: Factor market imperfections were analysed in the 1950s to 1970s, product market imperfections in the 1980s. The new challenges are twofold. One comes from the demands for fair trade as a precondition for free trade; the other, from the concern that free trade, while efficient, immiserises the unskilled in the richer countries.
El lexico coloquial del espanol en America y su tratamiento didactico en los cursos de espanol como lengua extranjera
Creators: name: Martinez Garcia, Maria Laura
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 2011

description: Bibliography: p. 152-162.
description: Como instructores de E/LE debemos ayudar a los estudiantes a desarrollar las herramientas necesarias para poder desenvolverse eficientemente en español. Tal tarea requiere proveer a los estudiantes no sólo con conocimientos sobre la estructura de lengua, sino también con saberes sobre las variedades lingüísticas que necesitan diferentes situaciones comunicativas. En este trabajo resaltamos el valor que tiene el registro coloquial en el proceso de adquisición de E/LE ya que no sólo forman parte importante de la lengua sino que también son puntos de encuentro con la( s) cultura( s) relacionada(s). Nos enfocamos en coloquialismos léxico-semánticos hispanoamericanos dado que su variedad es tan inmensa que ofrece un abanico de posibilidades en cuanto a contenido y tipos de actividades. Las tareas aquí presentes están destinadas a estudiantes en diferentes niveles de aprendizaje con el fin de que adquieran léxico coloquial y desarrollen las herramientas necesarias para negociar el significado metafórico de algunas expresiones hispanoamericanas. As instructors of Spanish as a foreign language we must help students develop the necessary tools to interact efficiently in Spanish. Such a task goes beyond merely providing students with the structural knowledge of the language; it also requires making them aware of linguistic variations needed in different communicative situations. We highlight the value of the colloquial register in the process of acquiring Spanish as a foreign language since it is not only an important part of the language, but it is also an encounter point with the related culture(s). We focused in lexical-semantic Spanish American colloquialisms because its variety is so immense that offers a vast range of possibilities regarding the content and types of activities. The presented activities are targeted to students in different stages of the leaming process in hopes that they acquire a colloquial lexicon and develop the necessary tools to negotiate the metaphoric meaning of sorne Spanish American expressions.
Will Free Trade with Political Science Put Normative Economists out of Work?
Creators: name: Bhagwati, Jagdish N.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Economics
subject: Political science
subject: FOS: Political science

description: Telling governments what to do is an ancient and important tradition in economics. Predicting what governments will do, i.e., endogenizing policy, is a newer activity, but one of growing prominence. The two activities appear incompatible: if what governments do is the result somehow of equilibrium behavior of self-interested actors, then advising governments is as senseless an activity as advising monopolists to lower prices or advising the San Andreas fault to be quiet. We show why and how advising can sometimes be a sensible activity, even when we hold sophisticated views about how governments operate.
A note on degeneracy, marginal stability and extremality of black hole horizons
Creators: name: Jaramillo, José Luis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Given a stationary axisymmetric black hole horizon admitting a section characterised as a strictly future stable marginally outer trapped surface, we extend the equivalence between the notions of horizon degeneracy and marginal stability to the fulfillment, under the dominant energy condition, of the A=8π|J| geometric relation between the area $A$ and the angular momentum J of a horizon section.
description: 6 pages, no figures, updated to match published version
MPEC 2023-X80 : 2022 DY29
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2022 DY29

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
title: Exact solution for two-phase non-equilibrium mass transfer of air sparging
title: Hydrology days 2007
titleType: AlternativeTitle
title: AGU hydrology days 2007
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Al-Gahtani, Osama
name: Warner, James
name: DuChateau, Paul
name: Colorado State University, Publisher
Publisher: name: Mountain Scholar
Year: 2007

description: 2007 annual AGU hydrology days was held at Colorado State University on March 19 - March 21, 2007.
description: Includes bibliographical references.
description: The exact solution is presented here to evaluate the non-equilibrium mass transfer at the interface between the dissolved and air phase during air sparging. The solution has been developed for solving the contaminant concentrations in both aqueous phase and air phase. The solution is derived by solving the couple system of differential equations in the dissolved and gas phase. The mass transfer in air sparging is relatively fast and a common assumption is to use Henry's law to describe the mass transfer at the interface based on assumption of equilibrium condition. In this solution, the mass transfer is described based on non-equilibrium formula of two-film theory where the mass transfer coefficient and surface area are included. Also, groundwater advection is considered where most air sparging model assumed that the dissolved phase is stationary due to slow movement of groundwater. In addition, the solution is valid for air channel and for discrete air bubbles where the surface area is different in both forms. Finally, the exact solution was compared with numerical solution and they matched well at all points on tested domain.
ULTRA HIGH TEMPERATURE THERMOPHOTOVOLTAIC TECHNOLOGY COMBINED WITH THERMIONIC ENERGY CONVERSION
Creators: name: Datas, A.
name: Antolin, E.
name: Linares P., G.
name: Villa, J.
name: Martì, A.
name: Bellucci, A.
name: Trucchi D., M.
name: Girolami, M.
name: Sabbatella, G.
name: Vitulano, A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: thermionic; thermophotovoltaic; ultra-high temperature; electrical conversion.

description: The concept of AMADEUS project is presented. The activities for the development of the hybrid thermionic-photovoltaic converter are shown, with the description of the materials and structures involved for the fabrication of the proof of concept.
Additional file 2 of Health-related quality of life in young adults born small for gestational age: a prospective cohort study
Creators: name: Mehl, Cathrin Vano
name: Hollund, Ingrid Marie Husby
name: Iversen, Johanne Marie
name: Lydersen, Stian
name: Mork, Paul Jarle
name: Kajantie, Eero
name: Evensen, Kari Anne I.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: Additional file 2: Table A2 Health-related quality of life in participants born SGA at term and controls at 20 years
title: Microwave imaging breast cancer detection: A multi-centre study.
Creators: name: Doshi, Trushali
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Multicentre study
subject: Not applicable
subject: Retrospective
subject: Cancer
subject: Experimental investigations
subject: Experimental
subject: Digital radiography
subject: Oncology
subject: Breast

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: This work demonstrates the potential of the MARIA ® (Micrima Ltd, Bristol UK) [1][2] - a commercially available, non-ionising, non-compressing whole-breast scanning system (Figure 1) utilising radio-waves to detect a breast lesion, particularly in...
Tunable linear and quadratic optomechanical coupling for a tilted membrane within an optical cavity: theory and experiment
Creators: name: Karuza, M.
name: Galassi, M.
name: Biancofiore, C.
name: Molinelli, C.
name: Natali, R.
name: Tombesi, P.
name: Di Giuseppe, G.
name: Vitali, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an experimental study of an optomechanical system formed by a vibrating thin semi-transparent membrane within a high-finesse optical cavity. We show that the coupling between the optical cavity modes and the vibrational modes of the membrane can be tuned by varying the membrane position and orientation. In particular we demonstrate a large quadratic dispersive optomechanical coupling in correspondence with avoided crossings between optical cavity modes weakly coupled by scattering at the membrane surface. The experimental results are well explained by a first order perturbation treatment of the cavity eigenmodes.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures
Regionalism versus Multilateralism
Creators: name: Bhagwati, Jagdish N.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1992
Subjects: Economics

description: Addresses the issue of preferential trade arrangements, looking first at part of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) which sanctions Customs Unions and Free Trade Areas. During the 1960s, regionalism (preferential trade agreements among a subset of nations) failed, but it was the subject of a revival in the 1980s. The author analyses the second regionalism, from the viewpoint of world welfare, and asks whether non-discriminatory multilateral free trade for all will result, or whether the world economy will become fragmented. Regionalism has political appeal and thus will expand; if it is contained and shaped then maximum benefits may be obtained whilst any damaging effects are minimalised.
title: Imaging of tuberculous pyomyositis
Creators: name: mzid, yosra
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Performed at one institution
subject: Observational
subject: Retrospective
subject: Infection
subject: Abscess
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Abscess delineation
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: MR
subject: CT
subject: Musculoskeletal spine
subject: Musculoskeletal soft tissue
subject: Extremities
subject: Musculoskeletal

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: Tuberculous pyomyositis (PM) is a rare extrapulmonary manifestation of Tuberculosis. Its incidence is increasing especially in immunocompromised patients. Its clinical presentation is very variable. Primary tuberculous pyomyositis is rarely reported...
Cosmoglobe DR1 results. I. Improved Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe maps through Bayesian end-to-end analysis
Creators: name: Watts, D. J.
name: Basyrov, A.
name: Eskilt, J. R.
name: Galloway, M.
name: Hergt, L. T.
name: Herman, D.
name: Ihle, H. T.
name: Paradiso, S.
name: Rahman, F.
name: Thommesen, H.
name: Aurlien, R.
name: Bersanelli, M.
name: Bianchi, L. A.
name: Brilenkov, M.
name: Colombo, L. P. L.
name: Eriksen, H. K.
name: Franceschet, C.
name: Fuskeland, U.
name: Gjerløw, E.
name: Hensley, B.
name: Hoerning, G. A.
name: Lee, K.
name: Lunde, J. G. S.
name: Marins, A.
name: Nerval, S. K.
name: Patel, S. K.
name: Regnier, M.
name: San, M.
name: Sanyal, S.
name: Stutzer, N. -O.
name: Verma, A.
name: Wehus, I. K.
name: Zhou, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present Cosmoglobe Data Release 1, which implements the first joint analysis of WMAP and Planck LFI time-ordered data, processed within a single Bayesian end-to-end framework. This framework builds directly on a similar analysis of the LFI measurements by the BeyondPlanck collaboration, and approaches the CMB analysis challenge through Gibbs sampling of a global posterior distribution, simultaneously accounting for calibration, mapmaking, and component separation. The computational cost of producing one complete WMAP+LFI Gibbs sample is 812 CPU-hr, of which 603 CPU-hrs are spent on WMAP low-level processing; this demonstrates that end-to-end Bayesian analysis of the WMAP data is computationally feasible. We find that our WMAP posterior mean temperature sky maps and CMB temperature power spectrum are largely consistent with the official WMAP9 results. Perhaps the most notable difference is that our CMB dipole amplitude is $3366.2 \pm 1.4\ \mathrm{μK}$, which is $11\ \mathrm{μK}$ higher than the WMAP9 estimate and $2.5\ σ$ higher than BeyondPlanck; however, it is in perfect agreement with the HFI-dominated Planck PR4 result. In contrast, our WMAP polarization maps differ more notably from the WMAP9 results, and in general exhibit significantly lower large-scale residuals. We attribute this to a better constrained gain and transmission imbalance model. It is particularly noteworthy that the W-band polarization sky map, which was excluded from the official WMAP cosmological analysis, for the first time appears visually consistent with the V-band sky map. Similarly, the long standing discrepancy between the WMAP K-band and LFI 30 GHz maps is finally resolved, and the difference between the two maps appears consistent with instrumental noise at high Galactic latitudes. All maps and the associated code are made publicly available through the Cosmoglobe web page.
description: 65 pages, 61 figures. Data available at cosmoglobe.uio.no. Submitted to A&A
title: Basin-scale stream-aquifer modeling of the Lower Arkansas River, Colorado
title: Hydrology days 2004
titleType: AlternativeTitle
title: AGU hydrology days 2004
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Triana, Enrique
name: Labadie, John W.
name: Gates, Timothy K.
name: Colorado State University, Publisher
Publisher: name: Mountain Scholar
Year: 2004

description: 24th annual AGU hydrology days was held at Colorado State University on March 10-12, 2004.
description: Includes bibliographical references.
description: A methodology is presented for modeling stream-aquifer interactions at the river basin scale that integrates an artificial neural network (ANN), a geographical information system (GIS), and the MODSIM generalized river basin network flow mode. The methodology allows development of dynamic, spatially dependent relationships between measurable aquifer stresses and river return flow; as well as providing a linkage of spatial system features and characteristics to the river basin network flow model. GIS provides the framework for managing and preprocessing the extensive spatial-temporal database required for the modeling components. Visual Basic™ (MS VB.NET) programs are used to process information and link data with the ANN and MODSIM. METLAB™ (MathWorks, Inc) is applied to training, validation and analysis of the ANN in estimating aquifer-stream relationships from a calibrated regional-scale finite difference groundwater model. Complex stream-aquifer interactions are embodied in the trained ANN, which is embedded in MODSIM for providing accurate return flow calculations in river basin management and water rights analysis. The methodology is applied to the Lower Arkansas River Basin in Colorado as a case study to demonstrate its potential for accurately representing stream-aquifer interactions and analyzing system characteristics that allow construction of robust and realistic river basin-scale management models. Future development of the tool will provide conservative constituent modeling of salinity as a foundation for assessing and evaluation strategies to support productive irrigated agriculture and to enhance the agroecosystem.
Hole-drilling residual stress measurement in an intermediate thickness specimen
Creators: name: Abraham, Colin
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The hole-drilling method for measuring residual stresses is generally applied to two extreme cases. In the “thick” case, the specimen depth is very large compared with the hole depth. The far boundary is then sufficiently distant that its effect can be neglected. In the “thin” case, the specimen has the form of a thin plate through which the hole penetrates fully. The thin plate creates plane-stress conditions and it is usually assumed that the associated residual stresses are uniform through the plate thickness. This research focuses on the intermediate case where the specimen has a thickness modestly greater than the hole depth. The far boundary is then near enough to give significant influence, and the through-thickness residual stresses are non-uniform. The finite specimen thickness and non-uniform residual stresses create significant bending deformations of the specimen during hole-drilling that are not present in either extreme case. This bending effect creates out-of-plane deformations that can provide an opportunity for a novel measurement approach. The “intermediate” case is investigated using an analytical model and by finite element analysis. Experimental measurements are made using Electronic Speckle Pattern Interferometry (ESPI), and a comparison is made of the theoretical and experimental results.
The Threats to the World Trading System
Creators: name: Bhagwati, Jagdish N.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1992
Subjects: Economics

description: Considers here the prospects for the GATT-focused multilateral trading system, the perils it faces and the promise it nonetheless holds. The threats faced at present by the GATT arise from a variety of factors, including changes in the world economy. Recalling the preamble to the GATT, and mindful of its central articles, the following may justifiably be cited as the main principles of the GATT: "fix-rule" trading regime is to be preferred to a "fix-quantity" one; multilateralism, where these trade rules extend without discrimination to all members of the trading regime, is generally to be preferred to discriminatory arrangements; markets are to be opened through conventional reduction in trade barriers, and new disciplines are to be established, by resort to mutuality and balance of concessions; the adjudication of dispute must be impartial, pitting the strong against the weak in equal contest. The serious challenges to these GATT principles of multilateralism that have recently arisen from several directions and taken the form of an advocacy of managed trade, aggressive unilaterialism and regionalism.
Planetesimal Dynamics in Inclined Binary Systems: The Role of Gas-Disk Gravity
Creators: name: Zhao, Gang
name: Xie, Ji-Wei
name: Zhou, Ji-Lin
name: Lin, Douglas. N. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the effects of gas-disk gravity on the planetesimal dynamics in inclined binary systems, where the circumprimary disk plane is tilted by a significant angle ($i_B$) with respect to the binary disk plane. Our focus is on the Lidov-Kozai mechanism and the evolution of planetesimal eccentricity and inclination. Using both analytical and numerical methods, we find that, on one hand, the disk gravity generally narrows down the Kozai-on region, i.e., the Lidov-Kozai effect can be suppressed in certain parts of (or even the whole of) the disk, depending on various parameters. In the Kozai-off region, planetesimals would move on orbits close to the mid-plane of gas-disk, with the relative angle ($i^{'}$) following a small amplitude periodical oscillation. On the other hand, when we include the effects of disk gravity, we find that the Lidov-Kozai effect can operate even at arbitrarily low inclinations ($i_B$), although lower $i_B$ leads to a smaller Kozai-on region. Furthermore, in the Kozai-on region, most planetesimals' eccentricities can be excited to extremely high values ($\sim 1$), and such extreme high eccentricities usually accompany orbital flipping, i.e., planetesimal orbit flips back and forth between anterograde and retrograde. Once a planetesimal reaches very high orbital eccentricity, gas drag damping will shrink the planetesimal orbit, forming a "hot planetesimal" on a near circular orbit very close to the primary star. Such a mechanism, if replacing the planetesimals and gas drag damping with Jupiters and tidal damping respectively, may lead to frequent production of hot-Jupiters.
description: 11 pages, 10 figures, Accepted to ApJ
title: High-resolution magnetic resonance imaging in diagnosis of bladder cancer
Creators: name: Grigoriev, Evgenij
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Oncologic Imaging
subject: MR physics
subject: Oncology
subject: Urinary Tract / Bladder
subject: MR
subject: Cystography / Uretrography
subject: Imaging sequences
subject: Artifacts
subject: Cancer
subject: Prospective
subject: Experimental
subject: Performed at one institution

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: To evaluate the potential value of MRI pulse sequences with submillimeter scanning in the detection of exophytic intravesical bladder cancer. Because, approximately 95% of bladder tumors are of epithelial origin, and they usually form an...
Spectral localizer for line-gapped non-hermitian systems
Creators: name: Cerjan, Alexander
name: Koekenbier, Lars
name: Schulz-Baldes, Hermann
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Short-ranged and line-gapped non-hermitian Hamiltonians have strong topological invariants given by an index of an associated Fredholm operator. It is shown how these invariants can be accessed via the signature of a suitable spectral localizer. This numerical technique is implemented in an example with relevance to the design of topological photonic systems, such as topological lasers.
Future-proof design: must all good things come to an end?
Creators: name: Kerr, Joseph Robert
Publisher: name: Environmental Design
Year: 2010

description: Bibliography: p. 86-88
description: Thesis is in colour.
description: Within consumer culture, the design profession has been a driver in creating a paradigm where products obsolesce with increasing rapidity. This MOP seeks to explore how designers can develop longer lasting products that resist obsolescence through the development of the idea of'Future-Proof' Design (FP Design). By examining the nature and origins of a consumer culture founded in obsolescence, as well as its social and environmental effects, an argument for the use of FP is developed. An alternative basis for consumer culture, in the form of a Steady State Economy, is also proposed as a supporting tool for FP design. A model for analyzing obsolescence is developed which seeks to describe the degradation of desirability through the categories of Function, Appearance and Emotional Value. This model is then used to examine a variety of products, FP and non­FP, from which, a set of FP guidelines, using the tools of Technology and Quality, are developed for designers wishing to create such products. These tools are then used in the development of a series of three design concepts that strive to resist obsolescence. The designs examine those objects needed for 'urban nomads; a user group that are owners of many ephemeral products. Specifically, concepts were developed for the display, storage and transportation of books; functions normally performed by products that are not kept between moves. This application of FP design principles showcases their utility, but also their subjectivity, and how they are applied through attention to detail at both broad and minute scales in the product development process. These tools should provide a departure point for further research in the field of product obsolescence and design.
MESSENGER Observations of a Flux-Transfer-Event Shower at Mercury
Creators: name: Solomon, Sean C.
name: Slavin, James A.
name: Imber, Suzanne M.
name: Boardsen, Scott A.
name: DiBraccio, Gina A.
name: Sundberg, Torbjorn
name: Sarantos, Menelaos
name: Nieves-Chinchilla, Teresa
name: Szabo, Adam
name: Anderson, Brian J.
name: Korth, Haje
name: Zurbuchen, Thomas H.
name: Raines, Jim M.
name: Johnson, Catherine L.
name: Winslow, Reka M.
name: Killen, Rosemary M.
name: McNutt Jr., Ralph L.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Planetology

description: Analysis of MESSENGER magnetic field observations taken in the southern lobe of Mercury's magnetotail and the adjacent magnetosheath on 11 April 2011 indicates that a total of 163 flux transfer events (FTEs) occurred within a 25 min interval. Each FTE had a duration of ∼2-3 s and was separated in time from the next by ∼8-10 s. A range of values have been reported at Earth, with mean values near ∼1-2 min and ∼8 min, respectively. We term these intervals of quasiperiodic flux transfer events "FTE showers." The northward and sunward orientation of the interplanetary magnetic field during this shower strongly suggests that the FTEs observed during this event formed just tailward of Mercury's southern magnetic cusp. The point of origin for the shower was confirmed with the Cooling model of FTE motion. Modeling of the individual FTE-type flux ropes in the magnetosheath indicates that these flux ropes had elliptical cross sections, a mean semimajor axis of 0.15RM (where RM is Mercury's radius, or 2440 km), and a mean axial magnetic flux of 1.25 MWb. The lobe magnetic field was relatively constant until the onset of the FTE shower, but thereafter the field magnitude decreased steadily until the spacecraft crossed the magnetopause. This decrease in magnetic field intensity is frequently observed during FTE showers. Such a decrease may be due to the diamagnetism of the new magnetosheath plasma being injected into the tail by the FTEs.
title: Diagnostic value of ultrasound in pulmonary consolidation in children
Creators: name: DEL POZO GARCÍA, MARIA GLORIA
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Prospective
subject: Inflammation
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Ultrasound-Spectral Doppler
subject: Ultrasound-Colour Doppler
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Thorax
subject: Paediatric
subject: Lung
subject: Paediatric
subject: Not applicable
subject: Performed at one institution

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: To determine the value of spectral and color Doppler US to differentiate lung lesions in children. Background Thoracic US: – Complementary to the plain X-Ray: enhances image information –Decreases total radiation dose by reducing additional...
Review of Inverse Laplace Transform Algorithms for Laplace-Space Numerical Approaches
Creators: name: Kuhlman, Kristopher L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A boundary element method (BEM) simulation is used to compare the efficiency of numerical inverse Laplace transform strategies, considering general requirements of Laplace-space numerical approaches. The two-dimensional BEM solution is used to solve the Laplace-transformed diffusion equation, producing a time-domain solution after a numerical Laplace transform inversion. Motivated by the needs of numerical methods posed in Laplace-transformed space, we compare five inverse Laplace transform algorithms and discuss implementation techniques to minimize the number of Laplace-space function evaluations. We investigate the ability to calculate a sequence of time domain values using the fewest Laplace-space model evaluations. We find Fourier-series based inversion algorithms work for common time behaviors, are the most robust with respect to free parameters, and allow for straightforward image function evaluation re-use across at least a log cycle of time.
title: iTI-RADS: Automatic detection and classification of thyroid nodules in ultrasound images with two-dimensional convolutional neural networks
Creators: name: Hernandez-Rangel, Eduardo
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Performed at one institution
subject: Observational
subject: Retrospective
subject: Image verification
subject: Education and training
subject: Observer performance
subject: Computer Applications-Detection, diagnosis
subject: CAD
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Neural networks
subject: CAD
subject: Thyroid / Parathyroids
subject: Head and neck
subject: Artificial Intelligence
subject: Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: To create a two-dimensional convolutional neural network that detects and characterizes thyroid nodules in ultrasound images based on the ACR TI-RADS...
Ropalidia splendidum Guerin-Meneville 1831
Creators: name: Madl, Michael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Vespidae
Ropalidia
Ropalidia splendidum

description: Ropalidia sp.
Ropalidia sp.: GUSENLEITNER & MADL 2016: 96 (Bankoualé).
D i s t r i b u t i o n: Bankoualé.
description: Published as part of Madl, Michael, 2018, A preliminary catalogue of the Hymenoptera (Insecta) of the Republic of Djibouti, pp. 907-967 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 50 (2) on page 932, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3776452
Large Impact Basins on Mercury: Global Distribution, Characteristics, and Modification History from MESSENGER Orbital Data
Creators: name: Solomon, Sean C.
name: Fassett, Caleb I.
name: Head, James W.
name: Baker, David M. H.
name: Zuber, Maria T.
name: Smith, David E.
name: Neumann, Gregory A.
name: Klimczak, Christian
name: Strom, Robert G.
name: Chapman, Clark R.
name: Prockter, Louise M.
name: Phillips, Roger J.
name: Oberst, Jurgen
name: Frank, Preusker
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Planetology
Physical geography

description: The formation of large impact basins (diameter D greater than or equal to 300 km) was an important process in the early geological evolution of Mercury and influenced the planet’s topography, stratigraphy, and crustal structure. We catalog and characterize this basin population on Mercury from global observations by the MESSENGER spacecraft, and we use the new data to evaluate basins suggested on the basis of the Mariner 10 flybys. Forty-six certain or probable impact basins are recognized; a few additional basins that may have been degraded to the point of ambiguity are plausible on the basis of new data but are classified as uncertain. The spatial density of large basins (D greater than or equal to 500 km) on Mercury is lower than that on the Moon. Morphological characteristics of basins on Mercury suggest that on average they are more degraded than lunar basins. These observations are consistent with more efficient modification, degradation, and obliteration of the largest basins on Mercury than on the Moon. This distinction may be a result of differences in the basin formation process (producing fewer rings), relaxation of topography after basin formation (subduing relief), or rates of volcanism (burying basin rings and interiors) during the period of heavy bombardment on Mercury from those on the Moon.
title: Remote sensing for evaluating crop water stress at field scale using infrared thermography: potential and limitations
title: Hydrology days 2013
titleType: AlternativeTitle
title: AGU hydrology days 2013
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Taghvaeian, Saleh
name: Chávez, José L.
name: Altenhofen, Jon
name: Trout, Tom
name: DeJonge, Kendall
name: Colorado State University, Publisher
Publisher: name: Mountain Scholar
Year: 2013

description: 2013 annual AGU hydrology days was held at Colorado State University on March 25 - March 27, 2013.
description: Includes bibliographical references.
description: Over the past few decades, the competition for freshwater resources has substantially increased in arid/semi-arid areas, exacerbating the pressure on the largest user of water, namely agriculture, to consume less water. However, reducing crop consumptive water use or evapotranspiration through water stress can have a negative impact on production economics if not precisely managed. Remote sensing of crop canopy temperature is a scientifically-based and easy-to-apply method that can be used at field scales to evaluate crop water status at or near real-time. In this study, thermal images of maize canopy under two deficit irrigation regimes were acquired using a hand-held thermal camera. The results showed that the low-frequency deficit irrigation treatment resulted in higher maize temperatures compared to the high-frequency deficit irrigation regime. A methodology for converting the temperature value of each pixel into a spatially variable crop water stress index (CWSI) is described. Within the low-frequency deficit irrigation treatment, estimated CWSI values were correlated with spatial variations in soil texture. Finally, the potential of infrared thermography and current limitations are discussed in detail.
Mercury's Moment of Inertia from Spin and Gravity Data
Creators: name: Solomon, Sean C.
name: Margot, Jean-Luc
name: Peale, Stanton J.
name: Hauck II, Steven A.
name: Ghigo, Frank D.
name: Jurgens, Raymond F.
name: Yseboodt, Marie
name: Giorgini, Jon D.
name: Padovan, Sebastiano
name: Campbell, Donald B.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Planetology

description: Earth-based radar observations of the spin state of Mercury at 35 epochs between 2002 and 2012 reveal that its spin axis is tilted by (2.04 plus or minus 0.08) arc min with respect to the orbit normal. The direction of the tilt suggests that Mercury is in or near a Cassini state. Observed rotation rate variations clearly exhibit an 88-day libration pattern which is due to solar gravitational torques acting on the asymmetrically shaped planet. The amplitude of the forced libration, (38.5 plus or minus 1.6) arc sec, corresponds to a longitudinal displacement of ∼450 m at the equator. Combining these measurements of the spin properties with second-degree gravitational harmonics (Smith et al., 2012) provides an estimate of the polar moment of inertia of MercuryC/MR2 = 0.346 plus or minus 0.014, where M and R are Mercury's mass and radius. The fraction of the moment that corresponds to the outer librating shell, which can be used to estimate the size of the core, is Cm/C = 0.431 plus or minus 0.025.
Discovering Predictable Latent Factors for Time Series Forecasting
Creators: name: Hou, Jingyi
name: Dong, Zhen
name: Zhou, Jiayu
name: Liu, Zhijie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Modern time series forecasting methods, such as Transformer and its variants, have shown strong ability in sequential data modeling. To achieve high performance, they usually rely on redundant or unexplainable structures to model complex relations between variables and tune the parameters with large-scale data. Many real-world data mining tasks, however, lack sufficient variables for relation reasoning, and therefore these methods may not properly handle such forecasting problems. With insufficient data, time series appear to be affected by many exogenous variables, and thus, the modeling becomes unstable and unpredictable. To tackle this critical issue, in this paper, we develop a novel algorithmic framework for inferring the intrinsic latent factors implied by the observable time series. The inferred factors are used to form multiple independent and predictable signal components that enable not only sparse relation reasoning for long-term efficiency but also reconstructing the future temporal data for accurate prediction. To achieve this, we introduce three characteristics, i.e., predictability, sufficiency, and identifiability, and model these characteristics via the powerful deep latent dynamics models to infer the predictable signal components. Empirical results on multiple real datasets show the efficiency of our method for different kinds of time series forecasting. The statistical analysis validates the predictability of the learned latent factors.
The NNPDF2.2 Parton Set
Creators: name: Cerutti, Francesco
name: Hartland, Nathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a method developed by the NNPDF Collaboration that allows the inclusion of new experimental data into an existing set of parton distribution functions without the need for a complete refit. A Monte Carlo ensemble of PDFs may be updated by assigning each member of the ensemble a unique weight determined by Bayesian inference. The reweighted ensemble therefore represents the probability density of PDFs conditional on both the old and new data. This method is applied to the inclusion of W-lepton asymmetry data into the NNPDF2.1 fit producing a new PDF set, NNPDF2.2.
description: 6 pages, Talk given at the International Workshop on Advanced Computing and Analysis Techniques in Physics Research (ACAT), Uxbridge, London, September 2011
ATLAS and CMS hints for a mirror Higgs boson
Creators: name: Foot, Robert
name: Kobakhidze, Archil
name: Volkas, Raymond R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: ATLAS and CMS have provided hints for the existence of a Higgs-like particle with mass of about 144 GeV with production cross section into standard decay channels which is about 50% that of the standard model Higgs boson. We show that this 50% suppression is exactly what the mirror matter model predicts when the two scalar mass eigenstates, each required to be maximal admixtures of a standard and mirror-Higgs boson, are separated in mass by more than their decay widths but less than the experimental resolution. We discuss prospects for the future confirmation of this interesting hint for non-standard Higgs physics.
description: 4 pages, v2: to appear in Physical Review D
Additional file 1 of Health-related quality of life in young adults born small for gestational age: a prospective cohort study
Creators: name: Mehl, Cathrin Vano
name: Hollund, Ingrid Marie Husby
name: Iversen, Johanne Marie
name: Lydersen, Stian
name: Mork, Paul Jarle
name: Kajantie, Eero
name: Evensen, Kari Anne I.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: Additional file 1: Table A1 Background characteristics of participants and those who did not consent to participate at 32 years