cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Foliated eight-manifolds for M-theory compactification
Creators: name: Babalic, Elena Mirela
name: Lazaroiu, Calin Iuliu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53Z05

description: We characterize compact eight-manifolds M which arise as internal spaces in N=1 flux compactifications of M-theory down to AdS3 using the theory of foliations, for the case when the internal part of the supersymmetry generator is everywhere non-chiral. We prove that specifying such a supersymmetric background is equivalent with giving a codimension one foliation of M which carries a leafwise G2 structure, such that the O'Neill-Gray tensors, non-adapted part of the normal connection and torsion classes of the G2 structure are given in terms of the supergravity four-form field strength by explicit formulas which we derive. We discuss the topology of such foliations, showing that the C star algebra of the foliation is a noncommutative torus of dimension given by the irrationality rank of a certain cohomology class constructed from the four-form field strength, which must satisfy the Latour obstruction. We also give a criterion in terms of this class for when such foliations are fibrations over the circle. When the criterion is not satisfied, each leaf of the foliation is dense in M.
description: 63 pages, 2 figures
Mental health in medical and biomedical doctoral students during the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic and racial protests
Creators: name: Schad, A.
name: Layton, R.L.
name: Cook, J.G.
name: Ragland, D.
Publisher: name: eLife Sciences Publications Ltd
Year: 2022

description: Concerns about the mental health of students, trainees and staff at universities and medical schools have been growing for many years. Recently, these have been exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic and a period of heightened reckoning and protests about systemic racism in the United States in 2020. To better understand the mental health of medical students and biomedical doctoral students at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill during this challenging period, we performed a cross-sectional study (n=957) using institutional annual survey data on measures of depression, anxiety, hazardous alcohol use, problems related to substance use, and suicidal ideation. These data were collected in 2019 and 2020, and were analyzed by type of training program, race/ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, and survey year. Results indicated significant differences for rates of depression, anxiety, and suicidal ideation, with biomedical doctoral students showing greater incidence than medical students, and historically excluded students (e.g., people of color, women, LGBQ+ trainees) showing greater incidence compared to their peers. Of note, mental health remained poor for biomedical doctoral students in 2020 and declined for those belonging to historically excluded populations. The high rates of depression, anxiety, and suicidal ideation reported suggest that training environments need to be improved and support for mental health increased.
MKX-AS1 Gene Expression Associated with Variation in Drug Response to Oxaliplatin and Clinical Outcomes in Colorectal Cancer Patients
Creators: name: Small, George W.
name: Akhtari, Farida S.
name: Gonzalez, Ricardo D.
name: Reif, David M.
name: Havener, Tammy M.
name: Quintanilha, Julia C. F.
name: Motsinger-Reif, Alison A.
name: Green, Adrian J.
name: Wiltshire, Tim
name: McLeod, Howard L.
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2023

description: Oxaliplatin (OXAL) is a commonly used chemotherapy for treating colorectal cancer (CRC). A recent genome wide association study (GWAS) showed that a genetic variant (rs11006706) in the lncRNA gene MKX-AS1 and partnered sense gene MKX could impact the response of genetically varied cell lines to OXAL treatment. This study found that the expression levels of MKX-AS1 and MKX in lymphocytes (LCLs) and CRC cell lines differed between the rs11006706 genotypes, indicating that this gene pair could play a role in OXAL response. Further analysis of patient survival data from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and other sources showed that patients with high MKX-AS1 expression status had significantly worse overall survival (HR = 3.2; 95%CI = (1.17–9); p = 0.024) compared to cases with low MKX-AS1 expression status. Alternatively, high MKX expression status had significantly better overall survival (HR = 0.22; 95%CI = (0.07–0.7); p = 0.01) compared to cases with low MKX expression status. These results suggest an association between MKX-AS1 and MKX expression status that could be useful as a prognostic marker of response to OXAL and potential patient outcomes in CRC.
Energy-momentum balance in particle - domain wall perforating collision
Creators: name: Gal'tsov, D. V.
name: Melkumova, E. Yu.
name: Spirin, P. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the energy-momentum balance in the perforating collision of a point particle with an infinitely thin planar domain wall within the linearized gravity in arbitrary dimensions. Since the metric of the wall increases with distance, the wall and the particle are never free, and their energy-momentum balance involves not only the instantaneous kinetic momenta, but also the non-local contribution of gravitational stresses. However, careful analysis shows that the stresses can be unambiguously divided between the colliding objects leading to definition of the gravitationally dressed momenta. These take into account for gravity in the same way as the potential energy does in the non-relativistic theory, but our treatment is fully relativistic. Another unusual feature of our problem is the non-vanishing flux of the total energy-momentum tensor through the lateral surface of the world tube. In this case the zero divergence of the energy-momentum tensor does not imply conservation of the total momentum defined as the integral over the space-like section of the tube. But one can still define the conservation low infinitesimally, passing to time derivatives of the momenta. Using this definition we establish the momentum balance in terms of the dressed particle and wall momenta.
description: 15 pages, Revtex4. Journal version
Glaesoconnus unicus Jałoszyński & Perkovsky, 2016, sp. n.
Creators: name: Jałoszyński, Paweł
name: Perkovsky, Evgeny
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Staphylinidae
Glaesoconnus
Glaesoconnus unicus

description: † Glaesoconnus unicus sp. n.
(Figs 11, 103–107)
Type material. Holotype: Late Eocene of Europe, Rovno amber: sex unknown; inclusion in elongate, P-shaped piece of amber 19 mm long (Fig. 11), collection number K-5770 (SIZK).
Diagnosis. As for genus, vide supra.
Description. Body (Figs 103–107) elongate, relatively stout and moderately convex, brown; BL 1.01 mm.
Head (Figs 103–107) broadest at eyes, HL 0.15 mm, HW 0.25 mm; vertex and frons together subtrapezoidal and strongly transverse; supraantennal tubercles weakly raised; compound eyes large, strongly convex, oval. Punctures on head fine but distinct, those on vertex (Fig. 106) separated by spaces as wide as 2–3 diameters of punctures; setae (Fig. 106) short, sparse, suberect. Antennae (Figs 103–107) shorter than half BL, AnL about 0.43 mm, with compactly assembled antennomeres but the orientation of specimen makes it difficult to assess shapes of antennomeres, of which scape and pedicel are strongly elongate and flagellomeres except XI seem to be transverse, antennomere XI oval, about twice as long as broad, with rounded apex.
Pronotum (Figs 103–104, 106–107) round, broadest near middle, anteriorly narrowing more distinctly than posteriorly; PL 0.24 mm, PW 0.30 mm; punctures on disc (Fig. 106) small but distinct, separated by spaces 3–5 × as wide as diameters of punctures; setae (Fig. 106) short, sparse and suberect, directed posteromesally.
Elytra (Figs 103–104, 106) elongate oval, moderately convex, broadest in front of middle, EL 0.63 mm, EW 0.48 mm, EI 1.32; setiferous punctures as small as those on pronotal disc, arranged in slightly irregular longitudinal rows (Fig. 106); setae short, sparse, suberect.
Legs (Figs 103, 105–107) moderately long, slender, unmodified.
Etymology. The name unicus was chosen to underline the uniqueness of this species (Latin "only, sole, single, singular, unique").
description: Published as part of Jałoszyński, Paweł & Perkovsky, Evgeny, 2016, Diversity of Scydmaeninae (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) in Upper Eocene Rovno amber, pp. 1-85 in Zootaxa 4157 (1) on pages 35-36, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4157.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/262413
Ein Tier, das versprechen und verzeihen darf ...
Creators: name: Spaemann, Robert
name: Zaborowski, Holger
Publisher: name: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio
Year: 2022

description: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Bd. 36 Nr. 4 (2007): Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Band 36, Heft 4
title: MODELING OF STATIC RECRYSTALLIZATION IN COMPLEXLY ALLOYED AUSTENITE
Creators: name: Vasilyev, A.A.
name: Sokolov, S.F. Sokolov
name: Sokolov, D.F.
name: Kolbasnikov, N.G.
Publisher: name: Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University
Year: 2020

description: To predict the kinetics of static recrystallization and the resulting grain size in austenite of alloyed steels including additions of Nb, V, and Ti, a quantitative model is developed. Physically motivated, the model relates the activation energy of the process with that of bulk self-diffusion. The known dependence of the latter on the chemical composition of austenite solid solution, established previously, essentially simplifies the modeling. Employed empirical parameters have been fitted to relevant data covering a wide range of chemical compositions (23 steels) and sizes of recrystallized austenite grains. The model satisfactorily complies with experiments on steels whose apparent activation energy of recrystallization varies from 146.1 to 308.1 kJ/mol. It is notable as well that this performance has been achieved with no direct allowance for the pinning of grain boundaries by solute atoms (solute drag effect).
Miyamoto-Nagai discs embedded in the Binney logarithmic potential: analytical solution of the two-integrals Jeans equations
Creators: name: Smet, Christophe O.
name: Posacki, Silvia
name: Ciotti, Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the analytical solution of the two-integrals Jeans equations for Miyamoto-Nagai discs embedded in Binney logarithmic dark matter haloes. The equations can be solved (both with standard methods and with the Residue Theorem) for arbitrary choices of the parameters, thus providing a very flexible two-component galaxy model, ranging from flattened discs to spherical systems. A particularly interesting case is obtained when the dark matter halo reduces to the Singular Isothermal Sphere. Azimuthal motions are separated in the ordered and velocity dispersion components by using the Satoh decomposition. The obtained formulae can be used in numerical simulations of galactic gas flows, for testing codes of stellar dynamics, and to study the dependence of the stellar velocity dispersion and of the asymmetric drift in the equatorial plane as a function of disc and halo flattenings. Here, we estimate the inflow radial velocities of the interstellar medium, expected by the mixing of the stellar mass losses of the lagging stars in the disc with a pre-existing gas in circular orbit.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
MPH Capstone experiences: promising practices and lessons learned
Creators: name: Cooper, Morgan
name: Savelli, Lindsay Bau
name: Chen, Elizabeth
name: Emmerling, Dane
name: Price, Brittany Nicole
name: Landfried, Meg
Publisher: name: Frontiers Media
Year: 2023

description: To ensure workforce readiness, graduate-level public health training programs must prepare students to collaborate with communities on improving public health practice and tools. The Council on Education for Public Health (CEPH) requires Master of Public Health (MPH) students to complete an Integrative Learning Experience (ILE) at the end of their program of study that yields a high-quality written product demonstrating synthesis of competencies. CEPH suggests written products ideally be “developed and delivered in a manner that is useful to external stakeholders, such as non-profit or governmental organizations.” However, there are limited examples of the ILE pedagogies and practices most likely to yield mutual benefit for students and community partners. To address this gap, we describe a community-led, year-long, group-based ILE for MPH students, called Capstone. This service-learning course aims to (1) increase capacity of students and partner organizations to address public health issues and promote health equity; (2) create new or improved public health resources, programs, services, and policies that promote health equity; (3) enhance student preparedness and marketability for careers in public health; and (4) strengthen campus-community partnerships. Since 2009, 127 Capstone teams affiliated with the Department of Health Behavior at the Gillings School of Global Public Health at The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill have worked with seventy-nine partner organizations to provide over 103,000 h of in-kind service and produce 635 unique products or “deliverables.” This paper describes key promising practices of Capstone, specifically its staffing model; approach to project recruitment, selection, and matching; course format; and assignments. Using course evaluation data, we summarize student and community partner outcomes. Next, we share lessons learned from 13 years of program implementation and future directions for continuing to maximize student and community partner benefits. Finally, we provide recommendations for other programs interested in replicating the Capstone model.
Model of ligand-triggered information transmission in G-protein coupled receptor complexes
Creators: name: Jones, Alan M.
name: Jones, Roger D.
Publisher: name: Frontiers Media
Year: 2023

description: We present a model for the effects of ligands on information transmission in G-Protein Coupled Receptor (GPCR) complexes. The model is built ab initio entirely on principles of statistical mechanics and tenets of information transmission theory and was validated in part using agonist-induced effector activity and signaling bias for the angiotensin- and adrenergic-mediated signaling pathways, with in vitro observations of phosphorylation sites on the C tail of the GPCR complex, and single-cell information-transmission experiments. The model extends traditional kinetic models that form the basis for many existing models of GPCR signaling. It is based on maximizing the rates of entropy production and information transmission through the GPCR complex. The model predicts that (1) phosphatase-catalyzed reactions, as opposed to kinase-catalyzed reactions, on the C-tail and internal loops of the GPCR are responsible for controlling the signaling activity, (2) signaling favors the statistical balance of the number of switches in the ON state and the number in the OFF state, and (3) biased-signaling response depends discontinuously on ligand concentration.
Constitution Poll
Creators: name: CBS News
name: New York Times
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2020

description: Republican/Democratic primaries/candidates for the 1988 Presidential election (10); voting qualifications (6); power of the President/Congress/Supreme Court under the Constitution (8); need for/functions of the House of Representatives/Senate (8); abortion (2); terms of office of President/Congress/Supreme Court Justices (7); amendment process (3); power of state vs. federal governments on various issues (8); potential amendments to the Constitution (4); success of the Constitution (6); equal protection under the Constitution (3).
Navigating a Pandemic: A Qualitative Study of Knowledge, Sources of Information, and COVID-19-Related Precautions Taken by HBCU Students
Creators: name: Morgan A.A.
name: Doss C.
name: McCain D.
name: Poit S.T.
name: Wade J.
name: Shrestha S.
name: Ryman S.
name: Lee A.
Publisher: name: Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH
Year: 2023

description: The coronavirus (COVID-19) has spread quickly across the nation with a disproportionate impact on Black Americans. Many college-aged students receive their COVID-19-related information through social media and television even though research suggests that social media sources are more likely to be incorrect. Some students report trusting these sources over government sources such as the CDC and WHO. The purpose of this study was to understand Historically Black College and University (HBCU) students’ COVID-19 knowledge, sources of information, and planned precautions. There were 21 in-depth interviews conducted with students attending a large southern HBCU during Spring 2020. Themes regarding knowledge included the following: it is a flu-like condition, it has international roots, there is inaccurate and changing information, and it is a pandemic. Themes regarding sources included: the news, US government and related officials, social media, interactions with family, and other social interactions. Themes regarding severity included the following: statistics, a distrust for hospital reporting, a belief that COVID-19 deaths were conflated with baseline health, peer influence, and familial influence. Themes regarding precautions included the following: proper mask use, hand washing/ sanitizing, avoiding large crowds/small crowds only, physical distancing, COVID-19 testing/symptom monitoring, and COVID-19 vaccination.
Variational Monte-Carlo investigation of SU($N$) Heisenberg chains
Creators: name: Dufour, Jérôme
name: Nataf, Pierre
name: Mila, Frédéric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by recent experimental progress in the context of ultra-cold multi-color fermionic atoms in optical lattices, we have investigated the properties of the SU($N$) Heisenberg chain with totally antisymmetric irreducible representations, the effective model of Mott phases with $m < N$ particles per site. These models have been studied for arbitrary $N$ and $m$ with non-abelian bosonization [I. Affleck, Nuclear Physics B 265, 409 (1986); 305, 582 (1988)], leading to predictions about the nature of the ground state (gapped or critical) in most but not all cases. Using exact diagonalization and variational Monte-Carlo based on Gutzwiller projected fermionic wave functions, we have been able to verify these predictions for a representative number of cases with $N \leq 10$ and $m \leq N/2$, and we have shown that the opening of a gap is associated to a spontaneous dimerization or trimerization depending on the value of m and N. We have also investigated the marginal cases where abelian bosonization did not lead to any prediction. In these cases, variational Monte-Carlo predicts that the ground state is critical with exponents consistent with conformal field theory.
description: 9 pages, 10 figures, 3 tables
Allamanda Linnaeus 1771
Creators: name: Morales, J. Francisco
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Gentianales
Apocynaceae
Allamanda

description: Key to the species of Allamanda in Colombia
1. Leaf blades elliptic to linear-elliptic, 5–11 mm wide; granitic outcrops in Orinoquia (Vichada Department) … A. salicifolia
- Leaf blades obovate, elliptic to narrowly elliptic, 25–56 mm wide; mostly cultivated or sometimes naturalized............... 2.
2. Leaves sessile or subsessile, petioles to 2 mm long; leaf blades broadly elliptic to orbicular, with trichomes on both surfaces; corolla lilac or purple .................................................................................................................................... A. blanchetii
- Leaves petiolate, petioles 2–8 m long; leaf blades elliptic to narrowly elliptic, glabrous or with trichomes restricted to the abaxial surface; corolla yellow............................................................................................................................ A. cathartica
description: Published as part of Morales, J. Francisco, 2014, Studies in the Neotropical Apocynaceae L: The genus Allamanda in Colombia and a new combination, pp. 51-56 in Phytotaxa 162 (1) on pages 53-54, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.162.1.5, http://zenodo.org/record/5131961
Number of prior live births is associated with higher arterial stiffness but not its change in older women: the atherosclerosis risk in communities study
Creators: name: Oliver-Williams, Clare
name: Tanaka, Hirofumi
name: Vladutiu, Catherine J.
name: Malek, Angela M.
name: Jayawickreme, Shantal
name: Meyer, Michelle L.
name: Bonner, Alison N.
name: Cortés, Yamnia I.
Publisher: name: Frontiers Media
Year: 2023

description: Introduction Although studies have demonstrated a J-shaped association between parity and cardiovascular disease (CVD), the association with arterial stiffness is not fully understood. Methods We examined the association between parity and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV), a measure of central arterial stiffness. We conducted a longitudinal analysis of 1220 women (mean age 73.7 years) who attended the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study visit 5 (2011-2013). At visit 2 (1990-1992), women self-reported parity (number of prior live births), which we categorized as: 0 (never pregnant or pregnant with no live births); 1-2 (referent); 3-4; and 5+ live births. Technicians measured cfPWV at visit 5 (2011-2013) and visit 6 or 7 (2016-2019). Multivariable linear regression modeled the associations of parity with visit 5 cfPWV and cfPWV change between visit 5 and 6/7 adjusted for demographics and potential confounding factors. Results Participants reported 0 (7.7%), 1-2 (38.7%), 3-4 (40.0%), or 5+ (13.6%) prior live births. In adjusted analyses, women with 5+ live births had a higher visit 5 cfPWV (β=50.6 cm/s, 95% confidence interval: 3.6, 97.7 cm/s) than those with 1-2 live births. No statistically significant associations were observed for other parity groups with visit 5 cfPWV or with cfPWV change. Discussion In later life, women with 5+ live births had higher arterial stiffness than those with 1-2 live births, but cfPWV change did not differ by parity, suggesting women with 5+ live births should be targeted for early primary prevention of CVD given their higher arterial stiffness at later-life.
Precession and accretion in circumbinary discs: The case of HD 104237
Creators: name: Dunhill, Alex
name: Cuadra, Jorge
name: Dougados, Catherine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) simulations of the disc around the young, eccentric stellar binary HD 104237. We find that the binary clears out a large cavity in the disc, driving a significant eccentricity at the cavity edge. This then precesses around the binary at a rate of $\dot{\varpi} = 0.48^{\circ}T_{\mathrm{b}}^{-1}$, which for HD 104237 corresponds to 40 years. We find that the accretion pattern into the cavity and onto the binary changes with this precession, resulting in a periodic accretion variability driven purely by the physical parameters of the binary and its orbit. For each star we find that this results in order of magnitude changes in the accretion rate. We also find that the accretion variability allows the primary to accrete gas at a higher rate than the secondary for approximately half of each precession period. Using a large number of 3-body integrations of test particles orbiting different binaries, we find good agreement between the precession rate of a test particle and our SPH disc precession. These rates also agree very well with the precession rates predicted by the analytic theory of Leung & Lee (2013), showing that their prescription can be accurately used to predict long-term accretion variability timescales for eccentric binaries accreting from a disc. We discuss the implications of our result, and suggest that this process provides a viable way of preserving unequal mass ratios in accreting eccentric binaries in both the stellar and supermassive black hole regimes
description: 9 pages, 10 figures, submitted to MNRAS. A simulation movie can be found at http://www.acdunhill.com/hd104237; replaced with version accepted for publication
Observational study of organisational responses of 17 US hospitals over the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic
Creators: name: Oral, E.
name: Hall, N.
name: Choo, E.K.
name: Glick, Z.
name: Chari, S.V.
name: Shen, S.
name: Del Rios, M.
name: Pozhidayeva, D.
name: Newhall, S.
name: Nugent, A.
name: Resnick-Ault, D.
name: Jemal, A.
name: Mahadevan, A.
name: Pobee, R.
name: Baugh, J.J.
name: Southerland, L.
name: Wilson, A.
name: Kc, M.
name: Delgado, M.K.
name: Du Pont, D.
name: Callaway, D.
name: Hext, C.
name: Mehta, M.
name: Schulz, C.
name: Meltzer, A.C.
name: Strehlow, M.
name: Graulty, C.J.
name: Lim, S.
name: McCarthy, D.M.
name: Ko, D.
Publisher: name: BMJ Publishing Group
Year: 2023

description: Objectives The COVID-19 pandemic has required significant modifications of hospital care. The objective of this study was to examine the operational approaches taken by US hospitals over time in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Design, setting and participants This was a prospective observational study of 17 geographically diverse US hospitals from February 2020 to February 2021. Outcomes and analysis We identified 42 potential pandemic-related strategies and obtained week-to-week data about their use. We calculated descriptive statistics for use of each strategy and plotted percent uptake and weeks used. We assessed the relationship between strategy use and hospital type, geographic region and phase of the pandemic using generalised estimating equations (GEEs), adjusting for weekly county case counts. Results We found heterogeneity in strategy uptake over time, some of which was associated with geographic region and phase of pandemic. We identified a body of strategies that were both commonly used and sustained over time, for example, limiting staff in COVID-19 rooms and increasing telehealth capacity, as well as those that were rarely used and/or not sustained, for example, increasing hospital bed capacity. Conclusions Hospital strategies during the COVID-19 pandemic varied in resource intensity, uptake and duration of use. Such information may be valuable to health systems during the ongoing pandemic and future ones.
A $Λ$CDM bounce scenario
Creators: name: Cai, Yi-Fu
name: Wilson-Ewing, Edward
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a contracting universe composed of cold dark matter and radiation, and with a positive cosmological constant. As is well known from standard cosmological perturbation theory, under the assumption of initial quantum vacuum fluctuations the Fourier modes of the comoving curvature perturbation that exit the (sound) Hubble radius in such a contracting universe at a time of matter-domination will be nearly scale-invariant. Furthermore, the modes that exit the (sound) Hubble radius when the effective equation of state is slightly negative due to the cosmological constant will have a slight red tilt, in agreement with observations. We assume that loop quantum cosmology captures the correct high-curvature dynamics of the space-time, and this ensures that the big-bang singularity is resolved and is replaced by a bounce. We calculate the evolution of the perturbations through the bounce and find that they remain nearly scale-invariant. We also show that the amplitude of the scalar perturbations in this cosmology depends on a combination of the sound speed of cold dark matter, the Hubble rate in the contracting branch at the time of equality of the energy densities of cold dark matter and radiation, and the curvature scale that the loop quantum cosmology bounce occurs at. Importantly, as this scenario predicts a positive running of the scalar index, observations can potentially differentiate between it and inflationary models. Finally, for a small sound speed of cold dark matter, this scenario predicts a small tensor-to-scalar ratio.
description: 14 pages, 8 figures, v2: Discussion extended and references added
Strong $(π,0)$ spin fluctuations in $β$-FeSe observed by neutron spectroscopy
Creators: name: Rahn, M. C.
name: Ewings, R. A.
name: Sedlmaier, S. J.
name: Clarke, S. J.
name: Boothroyd, A. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have performed powder inelastic neutron scattering measurements on the unconventional superconductor $β$-FeSe ($T_{\rm c} \simeq 8\,\mathrm{K}$). The spectra reveal highly dispersive paramagnetic fluctuations emerging from the square-lattice wave vector $(π,0)$ extending beyond 80 meV in energy. Measurements as a function of temperature at an energy of $\sim 13\,\mathrm{meV}$ did not show any variation from $T_{\rm c}$ to $104\,\mathrm{K}$. The results show that FeSe is close to an instability towards $(π,0)$ antiferromagnetism characteristic of the parent phases of the high-$T_{\rm c}$ iron arsenide superconductors, and that the iron paramagnetic moment is neither affected by the orthorhombic-to-tetragonal structural transition at $T_{\rm s} \simeq 90\,\mathrm{K}$ nor does it undergo a change in spin state over the temperature range studied.
description: Revised version, includes Supplementary Material
Carl Friedrich von Weizsäcker 1912-2007
Creators: name: Hattrup, Dieter
Publisher: name: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio
Year: 2022

description: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Bd. 36 Nr. 3 (2007): Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Band 36, Heft 3
On a model-based approach to improve intranasal spray targeting for respiratory viral infections
Creators: name: Basu, Saikat
name: Suman, Julie D.
name: Mituniewicz, Austin
name: Chakravarty, Arijit
name: Joseph-McCarthy, Diane
name: Silfen, Zachary
name: Balivada, Pallavi A.
name: Akash, Mohammad Mehedi Hasan
name: Lao, Yueying
name: Ka, Nogaye K.
name: Ato, Phoebe
Publisher: name: Frontiers Media
Year: 2023

description: The nasopharynx, at the back of the nose, constitutes the dominant initial viral infection trigger zone along the upper respiratory tract. However, as per the standard recommended usage protocol (“Current Use”, or CU) for intranasal sprays, the nozzle should enter the nose almost vertically, resulting in sub-optimal nasopharyngeal drug deposition. Through the Large Eddy Simulation technique, this study has replicated airflow under standard breathing conditions with 15 and 30 L/min inhalation rates, passing through medical scan-based anatomically accurate human airway cavities. The small-scale airflow fluctuations were resolved through use of a sub-grid scale Kinetic Energy Transport Model. Intranasally sprayed droplet trajectories for different spray axis placement and orientation conditions were subsequently tracked via Lagrangian-based inert discrete phase simulations against the ambient inhaled airflow field. Finally, this study verified the computational projections for the upper airway drug deposition trends against representative physical experiments on sprayed delivery performed in a 3D-printed anatomic replica. The model-based exercise has revealed a new “Improved Use” (or, IU) spray usage protocol for viral infections. It entails pointing the spray bottle at a shallower angle (with an almost horizontal placement at the nostril), aiming slightly toward the cheeks. From the conically injected spray droplet simulations, we have summarily derived the following inferences: (a) droplets sized between 7–17 μm are relatively more efficient at directly reaching the nasopharynx via inhaled transport; and (b) with realistic droplet size distributions, as found in current over-the-counter spray products, the targeted drug delivery through the IU protocol outperforms CU by a remarkable 2 orders-of-magnitude.
Three-Dimensional Hairy Black Holes in Teleparallel Gravity
Creators: name: González, P. A.
name: Saavedra, Joel
name: Vásquez, Yerko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider three-dimensional gravity based on torsion. Specifically, we consider an extension of the so-called Teleparallel Equivalent of General Relativity in the presence of a scalar field with a self-interacting potential, where the scalar field is non-minimally coupled with the torsion scalar. Then, we find asymptotically AdS hairy black hole solutions, which are characterized by a scalar field with a power-law behavior, being regular outside the event horizon and null at spatial infinity and by a self-interacting potential, which tends to an effective cosmological constant at spatial infinity.
description: 18 pages, 8 figures, improved version
Perceptions of COVID-19 vaccines among healthcare assistants: A national survey
Creators: name: Berry S.D.
name: Harrison J.
name: Syme M.
name: White E.M.
name: Hanson L.C.
name: Kelley C.J.
name: Porter L.
name: Niznik J.D.
Publisher: name: John Wiley and Sons Inc
Year: 2022

description: Background: Limited COVID-19 vaccination acceptance among healthcare assistants (HCAs) may adversely impact older adults, who are at increased risk for severe COVID-19 infections. Our study objective was to evaluate the perceptions of COVID-19 vaccine safety and efficacy in a sample of frontline HCAs, overall and by race and ethnicity. Methods: An online survey was conducted from December 2020 to January 2021 through national e-mail listserv and private Facebook page for the National Association of Health Care Assistants. Responses from 155 HCAs, including certified nursing assistants, home health aides, certified medical assistants, and certified medication technicians, were included. A 27-item survey asked questions about experiences and perceptions of COVID-19 vaccines, including how confident they were that COVID-19 vaccines are safe, effective, and adequately tested in people of color. Multivariable regression was used to identify associations with confidence in COVID-19 vaccines. Results: We analyzed data from 155 completed responses. Among respondents, 23.9% were black and 8.4% Latino/a. Most respondents worked in the nursing home setting (53.5%), followed by hospitals (12.9%), assisted living (11.6%), and home care (10.3%). Respondents expressed low levels of confidence in COVID-19 vaccines, with fewer than 40% expressing at least moderate confidence in safety (38.1%), effectiveness (31.0%), or adequate testing in people of color (27.1%). Non-white respondents reported lower levels of confidence in adequate testing of vaccines compared to white respondents. In bivariate and adjusted models, respondents who gave more favorable scores of organizational leadership at their workplace expressed greater confidence in COVID-19 vaccines. Conclusion: Frontline HCAs reported low confidence in COVID-19 vaccines. Stronger organizational leadership in the workplace appears to be an important factor in influencing HCA's willingness to be vaccinated. Action is needed to enhance COVID-19 vaccine uptake in this important population with employers playing an important role to build vaccine confidence and trust among employees. © 2021 The American Geriatrics Society.
title: Resonancias del Quijote en el siglo XXI 6
Creators: name: Tecnológico de Monterrey
Publisher: name: Tecnológico de Monterrey
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/03ayjn504
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 6.2
subject: FOS: Languages and literature

description: Este 2024, el programa Pasión por la Lectura, iniciativa de la Cátedra Alfonso Reyes del Tecnológico de Monterrey, ha elegido como libro del año al emblemático El ingenioso hidalgo Don Quijote de la Mancha. Con orgullo se presenta décimo capítulo de la segunda parte prologado por Moisés Villaseñor Talavera, profesor del Campus Estado de México.
Die Wiederaufnahme des religiösen Streitgesprächs auf der Suche nach theologischer Wahrheit
Creators: name: Neusner, Jacob
Publisher: name: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio
Year: 2022

description: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Bd. 36 Nr. 3 (2007): Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Band 36, Heft 3
Perinatal care and breastfeeding education during the COVID-19 pandemic: Perspectives from Kenyan mothers and healthcare workers
Creators: name: Lemein, Hellen
name: Palmquist, Aunchalee E. L.
name: Walson, Judd L.
name: Arensen, Kelly
name: Denno, Donna M.
name: Martin, Stephanie L.
name: Ickes, Scott B.
name: Nduati, Ruth
name: Kinyua, Joyceline
name: Sanders, Hannah K.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2023

description: The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on breastfeeding (BF) practices in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) is not well understood. Modifications in BF guidelines and delivery platforms for breastfeeding education during the COVID-19 pandemic are hypothesised to have affected BF practices. We aimed to understand the experiences with perinatal care, BF education and practice among Kenyan mothers who delivered infants during the COVID-19 pandemic. We conducted in-depth key informant interviews with 45 mothers who delivered infants between March 2020 and December 2021, and 26 health care workers (HCW) from four health facilities in Naivasha, Kenya. While mothers noted that HCWs provided quality care and BF counselling, individual BF counselling was cited to be less frequent than before the pandemic due to altered conditions in health facilities and COVID-19 safety protocols. Mothers stated that some HCW messages emphasised the immunologic importance of BF. However, knowledge among mothers about the safety of BF in the context of COVID-19 was limited, with few participants reporting specific counselling or educational materials on topics such as COVID-19 transmission through human milk and the safety of nursing during a COVID-19 infection. Mothers described COVID-19-related income loss and lack of support from family and friends as the major challenge to practising exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) as they wished or planned. COVID-19 restrictions limited or prevented mothers’ access to familial support at facilities and at home, causing them stress and fatigue. In some cases, mothers reported job loss, time spent seeking new means of employment and food insecurity as causes for milk insufficiency, which contributed to mixed feeding before 6 months. The COVID-19 pandemic created changes to the perinatal experience for mothers. While messages about the importance of practising EBF were provided, altered HCW education delivery methods, reduced social support and food insecurity limit EBF practices for mothers in this context.
Permethrin-treated baby wraps for the prevention of malaria in children: Protocol for a double-blind, randomized placebo-controlled controlled trial in western Uganda
Creators: name: Reyes, R.
name: Giandomenico, D.
name: Mulogo, E.M.
name: Baguma, E.
name: Ndizeye, R.
name: Ntaro, M.
name: Cassidy, C.
name: Boyce, R.M.
name: Shook-Sa, B.E.
Publisher: name: Public Library of Science
Year: 2023

description: This article details the study protocol for a double-blind, randomized placebo-controlled trial to determine the effectiveness of permethrin-treated baby wraps to prevent Plasmodium falciparum malaria infection in children 6–24 months of age. Participating mother-infant dyads will be randomized to receive either a permethrin-treated or a sham-treated wrap, known locally as a “lesu.” After a baseline home visit, during which time all participants will receive new long-lasting insecticidal nets, participants will attend scheduled clinic visits every two weeks for a period of 24 weeks. In the event of an acute febrile illness or other symptoms that may be consistent with malaria (e.g., poor feeding, headache, malaise), participants will be instructed to present to their respective study clinic for evaluation. The primary outcome of interest is the incidence of laboratory-confirmed, symptomatic malaria in participating children. Secondary outcomes of interest include: (1) change in children’s hemoglobin levels; (2) change in children’s growth parameters; (3) prevalence of asymptomatic parasitemia in children; (4) hospitalization for malaria in children; (5) change in the mother’s hemoglobin level; and (6) clinical malaria in the mother. Analyses will be conducted using a modified intent-to-treat approach, with woman-infant dyads who attend one or more clinic visits analyzed according to the arm to which they were randomly assigned. This is the first use of an insecticide-treated baby wrap for prevention of malaria in children. The study began recruitment in June 2022 and is ongoing. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05391230, Registered 25 May 2022.
Two-Color Strong-Field Photoelectron Spectroscopy and the Phase of the Phase
Creators: name: Skruszewicz, S.
name: Tiggesbäumker, J.
name: Meiwes-Broer, K. -H.
name: Arbeiter, M.
name: Fennel, Th.
name: Bauer, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The presence of a weak second-harmonic field in an intense-laser ionization experiment affects the momentum-resolved electron yield, depending on the relative phase between the $ω$ and the $2ω$ component. The proposed two-color 'phase-of-the-phase spectroscopy' quantifies for each final electron momentum a relative-phase contrast (RPC) and a 'phase of the phase' (PP), describing how much and with which phase lag, respectively, the yield changes as function of relative phase. Experimental results for RPC and PP spectra for rare gas atoms and CO$_2$ are presented. The spectra demonstrate a rather universal structure that is analyzed with the help of a simple model based on electron trajectories, wave-packet spreading, and (multiple) rescattering. Details in the PP and RPC spectra are target sensitive and thus may be used to extract structural (or even dynamical) information with high accuracy.
description: 5 pages, REVTeX4, 5 figures
title: EXPERIMENTAL STUDY AND MODELING OF PRE-DEFORMATION EFFECT ON AUSTENITE TO FERRITE TRANSFORMATION
Creators: name: Vasilyev, A.A.
name: Sokolov, D.F.
name: Sokolov, S.F.
name: Zisman, A.A.
Publisher: name: Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University
Year: 2020

description: Transformation kinetics of undeformed and deformed austenite during continuous cooling has been investigated on several industrial steels. Dimensions of both prior austenite grains and ferrite grains in ferrite-pearlite structures obtained for various states of parent austenite and cooling rates were determined. Based on the obtained experimental data a physically motivated model is formulated for the ferritic transformation with allowance for the effects of deformation and concurrent recovery of austenite. Under consideration is the deformation influence on both the nucleation and growth of the ferrite grains. The model is first to evaluate the variation of nucleation barriers owing to the hydrostatic component of internal stresses at austenite grain boundaries. The modeling results significantly dependent on this issue comply well with experimental data on the kinetics of ferritic-pearlitic transformation and final ferrite grain size in the considered steels.
Pilot protocol for the Parent and Infant Inter (X)action Intervention (PIXI) feasibility study
Creators: name: Wheeler, A.C.
name: Turner-Brown, L.
name: Edwards, A.
name: Scott, S.
name: Cheves, E.
name: Okoniewski, K.C.
Publisher: name: Public Library of Science
Year: 2023

description: This paper provides the detailed protocol for a pilot study testing the feasibility, acceptability, and initial efficacy of a targeted two-phase, remotely delivered early intervention program for infants with neurogenetic conditions (NGC) and their caregivers. The Parent and Infant Inter(X)action Intervention (PIXI) is designed to support parents and infants with a NGC diagnosed in the first year of life. PIXI is implemented in two phases, with the first phase focusing on psychoeducation, parent support, and how to establish routines for supporting infant development. Phase II helps parents learn targeted skills to support their infant's development as symptoms may begin to emerge. The proposed non-randomized feasibility pilot study will establish the feasibility of a year-long virtually implemented intervention program to support new parents of an infant diagnosed with an NGC.
Die Zeit widerrufen oder: Vermächtnis einer Freundschaft
Creators: name: Tück, Jan-Heiner
Publisher: name: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio
Year: 2022

description: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Bd. 36 Nr. 3 (2007): Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Band 36, Heft 3
Freundschaft im Spiegel der Gegenwartsliteratur
Creators: name: Schlögl-Flierl, Kerstin
Publisher: name: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio
Year: 2022

description: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Bd. 36 Nr. 3 (2007): Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Band 36, Heft 3
Plasma sterols and vitamin D are correlates and predictors of ozone-induced inflammation in the lung: A pilot study
Creators: name: Almond, M.
name: Porter, N.A.
name: Kim, H.-Y.H.
name: Wells, H.
name: Perryman, A.N.
name: Payton, A.
name: McNell, E.E.
name: Antinori, J.
name: Rager, J.E.
name: Rebuli, M.E.
name: Alexis, N.E.
name: Jaspers, I.
Publisher: name: Public Library of Science
Year: 2023

description: BACKGROUND: Ozone (O3) exposure causes respiratory effects including lung function decrements, increased lung permeability, and airway inflammation. Additionally, baseline metabolic state can predispose individuals to adverse health effects from O3. For this reason, we conducted an exploratory study to examine the effect of O3 exposure on derivatives of cholesterol biosynthesis: sterols, oxysterols, and secosteroid (25-hydroxyvitamin D) not only in the lung, but also in circulation. METHODS: We obtained plasma and induced sputum samples from non-asthmatic (n = 12) and asthmatic (n = 12) adult volunteers 6 hours following exposure to 0.4ppm O3 for 2 hours. We quantified the concentrations of 24 cholesterol precursors and derivatives by UPLC-MS and 30 cytokines by ELISA. We use computational analyses including machine learning to determine whether baseline plasma sterols are predictive of O3 responsiveness. RESULTS: We observed an overall decrease in the concentration of cholesterol precursors and derivatives (e.g. 27-hydroxycholesterol) and an increase in concentration of autooxidation products (e.g. secosterol-B) in sputum samples. In plasma, we saw a significant increase in the concentration of secosterol-B after O3 exposure. Machine learning algorithms showed that plasma cholesterol was a top predictor of O3 responder status based on decrease in FEV1 (>5%). Further, 25-hydroxyvitamin D was positively associated with lung function in non-asthmatic subjects and with sputum uteroglobin, whereas it was inversely associated with sputum myeloperoxidase and neutrophil counts. CONCLUSION: This study highlights alterations in sterol metabolites in the airway and circulation as potential contributors to systemic health outcomes and predictors of pulmonary and inflammatory responsiveness following O3 exposure.