cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Revisiting Gribov's Copies Inside The Horizon
Creators: name: Landim, R. R.
name: Lemes, V. E. R.
name: Ventura, O. S.
name: Vilar, L. C. Q.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we recover the problem of legitimate topologically trivial Gribov copies inside the Gribov horizon. We avoid the reducibility problem which hampered the standard construction of van Baal, and then we are able to build a valid example with spherical symmetry. We also apply the same technique in the presence of a background of a Polyakov instanton in a Euclidian 3D spacetime, in order to study the effect of a non trivial environment in the generation of multiple copies inside the horizon.
description: 26 pages, no figures
title: Patrick McGinnis
Creators: name: Mullins, John
name: Hughes, Jeremy
name: Putimahtama, Tiffany
Publisher: name: London Business School
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: FOS: Economics and business
valueUri: http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf

description: The case analyses the scenario facing Paddy McGiness, the sole founder of Breathe coffee shop in Hays, Kansas, as he seeks to launch his new business without seeking any external financing. The case explores the various mindsets that characterise many entrepreneurs and uses Mullins' texts 'The Counter-Conventional Mindsets of Entrepreneurs' and 'Use Customer Cash to Fund Your Startup' to examine customer-funded business models.
description: LBS Case Code: CS-21-019
Enhancing Language Representation with Constructional Information for Natural Language Understanding
Creators: name: Xu, Lvxiaowei
name: Wu, Jianwang
name: Peng, Jiawei
name: Gong, Zhilin
name: Cai, Ming
name: Wang, Tianxiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Natural language understanding (NLU) is an essential branch of natural language processing, which relies on representations generated by pre-trained language models (PLMs). However, PLMs primarily focus on acquiring lexico-semantic information, while they may be unable to adequately handle the meaning of constructions. To address this issue, we introduce construction grammar (CxG), which highlights the pairings of form and meaning, to enrich language representation. We adopt usage-based construction grammar as the basis of our work, which is highly compatible with statistical models such as PLMs. Then a HyCxG framework is proposed to enhance language representation through a three-stage solution. First, all constructions are extracted from sentences via a slot-constraints approach. As constructions can overlap with each other, bringing redundancy and imbalance, we formulate the conditional max coverage problem for selecting the discriminative constructions. Finally, we propose a relational hypergraph attention network to acquire representation from constructional information by capturing high-order word interactions among constructions. Extensive experiments demonstrate the superiority of the proposed model on a variety of NLU tasks.
description: Long paper, accepted at the ACL 2023
Topological phases in spin-orbit coupled dipolar lattice bosons
Creators: name: Ng, H. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the topological phases in spin-orbit coupled dipolar bosons in a one-dimensional optical lattice. The magnetic dipolar interactions between atoms give rise to the inter-site interactions. In the Mott-insulating regime, this system can be described by the quantum XYZ spin model with the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interactions in a transverse field. We focus on investigating the effect of dipolar interactions on the topological phase. The topological phase can be shown when spin-orbit coupling incorporates with the repulsive dipolar interaction. We find that the dipolar interaction can broaden the range of parameters of spin-orbit coupling and transverse field for exhibiting the topological phase. The sum of spin correlations between the two nearest neighbouring atoms can be used to indicate the topological phase. This may be useful for detecting topological phases in experiments.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures, revised version
Distribution of erythropoietin producing cells in rat kidneys during hypoxic hypoxia
Creators: name: Eckardt, Kai-Uwe
name: Koury, S. T.
name: Tan, C. C.
name: Schuster, S. J.
name: Kaissling, B.
name: Ratcliffe, P. J.
name: Kurtz, Armin
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: 570 Biowissenschaften, Biologie
subject: 610 Medizin
subject: Anemia/metabolism
subject: Animals
subject: Anoxia/pathology
subject: Erythropoietin/genetics
subject: Gene Expression
subject: In Situ Hybridization
subject: Kidney/pathology
subject: Male
subject: RNA, Messenger/genetics
subject: Rats
subject: Time Factors
subject: Tissue Distribution

description: We have used in situ hybridization to determine the localization and distribution of cells expressing the erythropoietin (EPO) gene in kidneys of rats exposed to reduced oxygen tensions to characterize the control of renal EPO formation during hypoxic hypoxia. Animals were subjected to severe hypoxia (7.5% O2) for 4, 8 and 32 hours to assess changes related to the duration of hypoxic exposure, and additionally to 9% and 11.5% O2 for eight hours to define changes related to the degree of hypoxia. The number of cells containing EPO mRNA were counted on tissue sections and compared to tissue concentrations of EPO mRNA and to the serum hormone concentrations. In situ hybridization revealed expression of the EPO gene exclusively in peritubular cells that were predominantly located in the cortical labyrinth under all conditions tested. After four hours of severe hypoxia (7.5% O2) approximately 170-fold more cells were found to contain EPO mRNA than under normoxic conditions. The number of EPO producing cells did not change significantly between four and eight hours exposure to 7.5% O2, but the amount of EPO mRNA per kidney increased approximately threefold. Further continuation of hypoxia resulted in down-regulation of renal EPO mRNA levels, which was mainly due to a reduction in the number of cells containing EPO mRNA. Comparison of graded degrees of hypoxia applied for eight hours showed an inverse exponential relationship between oxygen tension and the number of EPO producing cells. This recruitment of cells expressing the EPO gene occurred along a gradient extending from the corticomedullary border to the subcapsular tissue.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Logarithmic Corrections to Twisted Indices from the Quantum Entropy Function
Creators: name: Chowdhury, Abhishek
name: Gupta, Rajesh Kumar
name: Lal, Shailesh
name: Shyani, Milind
name: Thakur, Somyadip
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute logarithmic corrections to the twisted index $B^g_6$ in four-dimensional $\mathcal{N}=4$ and $\mathcal{N}=8$ string theories using the framework of the Quantum Entropy Function. We find that these vanish, matching perfectly with the large--charge expansion of the corresponding microscopic expressions.
description: v2 : 22 pages, presentation significantly improved, published in JHEP
Exploring The Main Factors Influencing Stock Price Volatility in China Based on The GARCH-MIDAS Model
Creators: name: Jiacheng Li
Publisher: name: National Institute of Development Administration
Year: 2024
Subjects: Shanghai Composite Index
GARCH-MIDAS model
Volatility Forecasting
Global Economic Uncertainty Index
Macroeconomic Variable

description: NIDA Development Journal, 64, 1, 1-29
Long-wavelength optical phonon behavior in uniaxial strained graphene: Role of electron-phonon interaction
Creators: name: Assili, Mohamed
name: Haddad, Sonia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive the frequency shifts and the broadening of $Γ$ point longitudinal optical (LO) and transverse optical (TO) phonon modes, due to electron-phonon interaction, in graphene under uniaxial strain as a function of the electron density and the disorder amount. We show that, in the absence of a shear strain component, such interaction gives rise to a lifting of the degeneracy of the LO and TO modes which contributes to the splitting of the G Raman band. The anisotropy of the electronic spectrum, induced by the strain, results in a polarization dependence of the LO and TO modes. This dependence is in agreement with the experimental results showing a periodic modulation of the Raman intensity of the splitted G peak. Moreover, the anomalous behavior of the frequency shift reported in undeformed graphene is found to be robust under strain.
title: The micropaleontological fingerprint on contourites and turbidites
Creators: name:   Schmidt ,  Johanna
name:   Saupe ,  Anna
name:   Petersen ,  Jassin
name:   Bahr ,  André
name:   Grunert ,  Patrick
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2021

description: Bottom current-induced sediments such as contourites contain fundamental information for reconstructions of water mass properties and ocean circulation. The distinction between contourites and other deposits on continental slopes is particularly complex in areas where downslope and along-slope sedimentary processes co-occur. Clear and easily applicable diagnostic criteria for properly distinguishing between contourites and other coarse-grained and/or graded deep-water deposits such as turbidites are still limited (e.g., de Castro et al., 2020) and mainly focus on sedimentological data. The present study investigates Pleistocene contouritic (~0.5 Ma) and turbiditic (~0.9 Ma, ~1.1 Ma) sequences from the SW Iberian Margin in the Gulf of Cádiz (IODP Site U1389), where thick contourite drift bodies with extensively intercalated turbidites are preserved (Stow et al., 2013). The aim of the study is to define diagnostic criteria based on benthic foraminiferal assemblage composition in order to differentiate between normally graded contourites and turbidites as well as reworked turbidites. The revealed “foraminiferal fingerprint” will allow for improving paleoceanographic interpretations of sedimentary archives from complex depositional environments along continental margins. References: De Castro, S., Hernández-Molina, F.J., de Weger, W., Jiménez-Espejo, F.J., Rodríguez-Tovar, F.J., Mena, A., Llave, E., Sierro, F.J., 2020. Contourite characterization and its discrimination from other deep‐water deposits in the Gulf of Cadiz contourite depositional system. Sedimentology. Stow, D.A.V., Hernández-Molina, F.J., Llave, E., Bruno, M., García, M., Díaz del Rio, V., Somoza, L., Brackenridge, R.E., 2013. The Cadiz Contourite Channel: Sandy contourites, bedforms and dynamic current interaction. Mar. Geol. 343, 99–114.
title: innocent Drinks: Maintaining Socially Responsible Values During Growth (B)
Creators: name: Moore, Celia
name: Fischer, Luis
name: McCarthy, Mike
Publisher: name: London Business School
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: FOS: Economics and business
valueUri: http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf

description: This is part of a case series. This case explores the process a social venture went through in raising funds to expand its business. The case focuses on the risks and opportunities of possible funding methods, and actions that can be taken to protect key values throughout the process. The case provides an opportunity to debate the challenges involved in growing socially responsible businesses, how social responsibility can be embedded in a company's value chain, and whether corporate size benefits or constrains an organization's ability to operate in a socially responsible way.
description: LBS Case Code: CS-12-011
Vista-Morph: Unsupervised Image Registration of Visible-Thermal Facial Pairs
Creators: name: Ordun, Catherine
name: Raff, Edward
name: Purushotham, Sanjay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: For a variety of biometric cross-spectral tasks, Visible-Thermal (VT) facial pairs are used. However, due to a lack of calibration in the lab, photographic capture between two different sensors leads to severely misaligned pairs that can lead to poor results for person re-identification and generative AI. To solve this problem, we introduce our approach for VT image registration called Vista Morph. Unlike existing VT facial registration that requires manual, hand-crafted features for pixel matching and/or a supervised thermal reference, Vista Morph is completely unsupervised without the need for a reference. By learning the affine matrix through a Vision Transformer (ViT)-based Spatial Transformer Network (STN) and Generative Adversarial Networks (GAN), Vista Morph successfully aligns facial and non-facial VT images. Our approach learns warps in Hard, No, and Low-light visual settings and is robust to geometric perturbations and erasure at test time. We conduct a downstream generative AI task to show that registering training data with Vista Morph improves subject identity of generated thermal faces when performing V2T image translation.
Which factor mediates reno-renal control of renin gene expression?
Creators: name: Holmer, S.
name: Eckardt, Kai-Uwe
name: Aedtner, O.
name: LeHir, M.
name: Schricker, K.
name: Hamann, M.
name: Götz, Karlheinz
name: Riegger, Günter A. J.
name: Moll, Waldemar
name: Kurtz, Armin
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: 570 Biowissenschaften, Biologie
subject: 610 Medizin
subject: Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists
subject: Animals
subject: Biphenyl Compounds/pharmacology
subject: Constriction
subject: Denervation
subject: Gene Expression Regulation
subject: Imidazoles/pharmacology
subject: Kidney/physiology
subject: Losartan
subject: Male
subject: Nervous System Physiological Phenomena
subject: RNA, Messenger/metabolism
subject: Rats
subject: Rats, Sprague-Dawley
subject: Renal Artery/physiology
subject: Renal Circulation/physiology
subject: Renin/genetics
subject: Tetrazoles/pharmacology

description: The results suggest that the suppression of renin gene expression in the contralateral kidneys of stenosed kidneys is not due to compensatory renal growth nor mediated by systemic blood pressure, angiotensin II AT1 receptors or renal nerves. We therefore hypothesize that kidneys with reduced perfusion release a humoral factor that acts as a potent inhibitor of renin gene expression.
Shaping topological properties of the band structures in a shaken optical lattice
Creators: name: Zhang, Shao-Liang
name: Zhou, Qi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To realize band structures with non-trivial topological properties in an optical lattice is an exciting topic in current studies on ultra cold atoms. Here we point out that this lofty goal can be achieved by using a simple scheme of shaking an optical lattice, which is directly applicable in current experiments. The photon-assistant band hybridization leads to the production of an effective spin-orbit coupling, in which the band index represents the pseudospin. When this spin-orbit coupling has finite strengths along multiple directions, non-trivial topological structures emerge in the Brillouin zone, such as topological defects with a winding number 1 or 2 in a shaken square lattice. The shaken lattice also allows one to study the transition between two band structures with distinct topological properties.
description: Discussions on differences between inseparable and separable lattices were added; A technical error in separable lattices was corrected; Conclusions and main results remain unchanged
Liberators of NO exert a dual effect on renin secretion from isolated mouse renal juxtaglomerular cells
Creators: name: Schricker, K.
name: Kurtz, Armin
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: 570 Biowissenschaften, Biologie
subject: 610 Medizin
subject: Animals
subject: Cell Separation
subject: Cyclic AMP/metabolism
subject: Cyclic GMP/metabolism
subject: Juxtaglomerular Apparatus/secretion
subject: Mice
subject: Molsidomine/pharmacology
subject: Nitric Oxide/metabolism
subject: Nitroprusside/pharmacology
subject: Renin/secretion

description: This study aimed to examine the role of nitric oxide (NO) in the regulation of renin secretion from renal juxtaglomerular (JG) cells. Using primary cultures of mouse renal JG cells, we found that sodium nitroprusside (SNP) and 3-morpholino-sydnonimin-hydrochloride (SIN-1), two structurally different liberators of NO, led to a transient inhibition during the first hour followed by a marked dose-dependent stimulation of renin secretion lasting for an additional 20 h. This stimulatory effect was blunted by methylene blue (50 microM) and was reversible within minutes after removal of the NO liberators. SNP and SIN-1 also stimulated guanylate cyclase activity in the cultures with a maximum within the first hour of incubation. Increasing intracellular guanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate levels by 8-(4-chlorophenylthio)guanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (100 microM) or by atrial natriuretic peptide (10 nM) decreased basal renin secretion but did not inhibit the effect of SNP. The stimulatory effect of SNP was not related to adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate levels in the JG cells and was blunted after chelation of extracellular calcium by 2 mM ethylene glycol-bis(beta-amino-ethyl ether)-N,N,N'N'-tetraacetic acid. Taken together, our findings suggest that liberators of NO have two effects on renin secretion from isolated JG cells: an inhibitory effect mediated by stimulation of soluble guanylate cyclase activity and a stimulatory effect mediated by an as yet unknown pathway that requires extracellular calcium.
Immunoexpression of E-Cadherin in oral potentially malignant disorders, oral squamous cell carcinoma and its correlation with clinicopathological parameters
Creators: name: Kalmegh, Padmashri
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Cell adhesion, E-cadherin, Oral potential malignant disorder, Oral squamous cell carcinoma, Malignant transformation, Immunoexpression, Immunohistochemistry.

description: STROBE checklist for protocol.
title: M-KOPA Solar: Using Digital Disruption to Connect the World's Poor
Creators: name: Tavassoli, Nader
Publisher: name: London Business School
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: FOS: Economics and business
valueUri: http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf

description: Launched in East Africa, M-KOPA is an innovative pay-as-you-go solar system that provides reliable energy to low-income households. To serve these customers profitably, M-KOPA's solution relies on digital innovation and the integrated adaptation of every element business model, including a new profit model akin to the data-driven platform models of the likes of Amazon and Tencent. The founderss's challenge was how best to continue growing their for-profit business in the face of new competition, while staying true to M-KOPA's social mission and values.
description: LBS Case Code: CS-18-27
title: Eight19 (A): A Social Enterprise?
Creators: name: Skinner, Jeff
name: Ryan, Tom
Publisher: name: London Business School
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: FOS: Economics and business
valueUri: http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf

description: Eight19 is a technology-based start-up company based on Cambridge Science Park. The company is developing a new (and very low cost) solar-panel technology aimed primarily at domestic use in developing countries. The case describes the issues faced by eight19 as it develops a business model for the new technology - in particular balancing competing needs: to generate sufficient revenue to fund operations (and not run out of cash), to generate a sufficient return for investors, to ensure widespread adoption of the system by users by users who cannot afford the up-front costs, to incentivise distributors, to guard against opportunistic behaviour by users, to create loyal users and to build and maintain a positive brand. The case illustrates the importance of the business model (rather than the product per se) and the imperative to build and maintain the 'social legitimacy' of a venture in order to assure profitability in the long term.
description: LBS Case Code: CS-13-003
Parallel Selective Algorithms for Big Data Optimization
Creators: name: Facchinei, Francisco
name: Scutari, Gesualdo
name: Sagratella, Simone
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We propose a decomposition framework for the parallel optimization of the sum of a differentiable (possibly nonconvex) function and a (block) separable nonsmooth, convex one. The latter term is usually employed to enforce structure in the solution, typically sparsity. Our framework is very flexible and includes both fully parallel Jacobi schemes and Gauss- Seidel (i.e., sequential) ones, as well as virtually all possibilities "in between" with only a subset of variables updated at each iteration. Our theoretical convergence results improve on existing ones, and numerical results on LASSO, logistic regression, and some nonconvex quadratic problems show that the new method consistently outperforms existing algorithms.
description: This work is an extended version of the conference paper that has been presented at IEEE ICASSP'14. The first and the second author contributed equally to the paper. This revised version contains new numerical results on non convex quadratic problems
New dynamical realizations of the Lifshitz group
Creators: name: Snegirev, Timofei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The method of nonlinear realizations is applied to construct new dynamical realizations of the Lifshitz group in mechanics, hydrodynamics, and field theory.
description: 16 pages; V2: comments and references added, typos corrected
Renin mRNA quantification using polymerase chain reaction in cultured juxtaglomerular cells. Short-term effects of cAMP on renin mRNA and secretion
Creators: name: Della Bruna, R.
name: Kurtz, Armin
name: Corvol, P.
name: Pinet, F.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: 570 Biowissenschaften, Biologie
subject: 610 Medizin
subject: 1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine/pharmacology
subject: Animals
subject: Base Sequence
subject: Cells, Cultured
subject: Cyclic AMP/physiology
subject: Forskolin/pharmacology
subject: Juxtaglomerular Apparatus/metabolism
subject: Mice
subject: Mice, Inbred C57BL
subject: Molecular Sequence Data
subject: Polymerase Chain Reaction
subject: RNA, Messenger/genetics
subject: Renin/secretion

description: The aim of the present study was to set up a method to quantify renin mRNA levels in mouse renal juxtaglomerular cells, the main physiological site of renin synthesis. Because of the scarcity of the cells, a quantitative polymerase chain reaction had to be developed to measure renin mRNA. Juxtaglomerular cells were isolated and cultured for 2 days under various conditions, and renin mRNA was measured directly from the cytoplasm of the cultured cells without prior RNA purification. An internal standard consisting of a mutated renin mRNA with an insertion of 60 bp was designed to quantify the reaction, ensuring an identical detection and amplification efficiency to the target RNA. Renin mRNA could be precisely quantified between 0.6 and 20 pg, thus allowing its detection in approximately 5000 juxtaglomerular cells. Forskolin, an activator of adenylate cyclase, led to a concentration-dependent maximal threefold increase in renin mRNA in the cultures after 20 hours of incubation. The half-maximal effective dose was 3 x 10(-7) mol/L. The effect of forskolin was mimicked by 10(-5) mol/L isoproterenol, a beta-receptor agonist, and by 10(-5) mol/L isobutylmethylxanthine. A time-course study showed a rapid increase in renin mRNA within 3 hours after forskolin and isoproterenol addition. Renin secretion in the culture medium was measured in parallel and found to be stimulated by both agents. These results show that quantitative polymerase chain reaction is a suitable tool for studying renin gene expression in cultured juxtaglomerular cells. Our findings indicate that cAMP is a potent and fast activator of renin gene transcription and renin secretion in renal juxtaglomerular cells.
Interrelation between baroreceptor and macula densa mechanisms in the control of renin secretion
Creators: name: Scholz, Holger
name: Vogel, Urs
name: Kurtz, Armin
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: 570 Biowissenschaften, Biologie
subject: 610 Medizin
subject: Animals
subject: Blood Pressure/physiology
subject: Bumetanide/pharmacology
subject: Carrier Proteins/metabolism
subject: Furosemide/pharmacology
subject: Hydronephrosis/metabolism
subject: Kidney/physiology
subject: Kidney Tubules, Distal/physiology
subject: Male
subject: Membrane Proteins/metabolism
subject: Pressoreceptors/physiology
subject: Rats
subject: Rats, Inbred Strains
subject: Renin/metabolism
subject: Sodium/urine
subject: Sodium-Potassium-Chloride Symporters
subject: Urodynamics/drug effects

description: 1. It was the aim of this study to examine the interrelation between 'baroreceptor' function and the macula densa signal in the control of renin secretion from the kidneys. To this end we investigated the effects of frusemide and bumetanide, two different inhibitors of the macula densa Na(+)-K(+)-2Cl- cotransport, on pressure-dependent renin release from isolated perfused rat kidneys. In addition, pressure modulation of renin secretion from hydronephrotic kidneys devoid of macula densa structures was examined. 2. Basal flow rate through isolated kidneys was 13.5 +/- 1.0 ml min-1 g-1 at a renal artery pressure of 100 mmHg and corresponding renin secretory rates were 5.5 +/- 0.5 (ng angiotensin I (Ang I) h-1) min-1 g-1 (mean +/- S.E.M., n = 15). 3. Frusemide (10-100 microM) and bumetanide (5-50 microM) increased urine flow rates and stimulated urinary sodium excretion in a dose-dependent fashion from 13.0 +/- 2.5 mumol min-1 g-1 (n = 10) under control conditions to maximal values of 38.0 +/- 5.0 (n = 5) and 37.0 +/- 2.0 mumol min-1 g-1 (n = 5), respectively. Both drugs also induced concentration-dependent decreases of the renal vascular resistance. The vasorelaxant effects of frusemide and bumetanide were paralleled by an increase of renin secretion to a maximum of 21 +/- 4 (ng Ang I h-1) min-1 g-1 (n = 10). On a molar basis bumetanide was twice as potent as frusemide in stimulating renin secretion. 4. Lowering of the perfusion pressure from 100 to 40 mmHg resulted in a prompt increase of renin release yielding secretion rates of 92 +/- 10 (ng Ang I h-1) min-1 g-1 (n = 15). In the presence of frusemide (100 microM) and bumetanide (50 microM) renin secretion rates at 40 mmHg were 97 +/- 11 and 133 +/- 24 (ng Ang I h-1) min-1 g-1 (n = 6), respectively. Renin release stimulated by bumetanide was significantly reduced to 8.0 +/- 1.5 (ng Ang I h-1) min-1 g-1 (n = 5) by elevating the perfusion pressure from 100 to 140 mmHg. 5. Lowering the renal artery pressure from 100 to 40 mmHg in isolated perfused rat hydronephrotic kidneys devoid of tubular structures increased renin secretion rates from 4.5 +/- 1.0 to 22.5 +/- 2.5 (ng Ang I h-1) min-1 (n = 5).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Interactions and dynamics of one-dimensional droplets, bubbles and kinks
Creators: name: Katsimiga, G. C.
name: Mistakidis, S. I.
name: Malomed, B. A.
name: Frantzeskakis, D. J.
name: Carretero-González, R.
name: Kevrekidis, P. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the dynamics and interactions of multiple bright droplets and bubbles, as well as the interactions of kinks with droplets and with antikinks, in the extended one-dimensional Gross-Pitaevskii model including the Lee-Huang-Yang correction. Existence regions are identified for the one-dimensional droplets and bubbles in terms of their chemical potential, verifying the stability of the droplets and exposing the instability of the bubbles. The limiting case of the droplet family is a stable kink. The interactions between droplets demonstrate in-phase (out-of-phase) attraction (repulsion), with the so-called Manton's method explicating the observed dynamical response, and mixed behavior for intermediate values of the phase shift. Droplets bearing different chemical potentials experience mass-exchange phenomena. Individual bubbles exhibit core expansion and mutual attraction prior to their destabilization. Droplets interacting with kinks are absorbed by them, a process accompanied by the emission of dispersive shock waves and gray solitons. Kink-antikink interactions are repulsive, generating counter-propagating shock waves. Our findings reveal dynamical features of droplets and kinks that can be detected in current experiments.
description: To be published in Condensed Matter (a special issue on "Quantum droplets")
Perspektif Hukum Adat Kawin Lari dalam Suku Batak Angkola
Creators: name: 210905026, Gita angraini siregar
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Suku Batak Angkola memiliki sistem sosial yang sangat kuat, di mana keluarga dan marga memiliki peran yang sangat sentral. Hukum adat Batak Angkola mengatur berbagai aspek kehidupan, termasuk perkawinan. Perkawinan bukan hanya sekedar ikatan pribadi antara dua individu, tetapi juga merupakan ikatan antara dua keluarga dan marga. Suku Batak Angkola memiliki istilah lokal yang lebih spesifik untuk menggambarkan fenomena kawin lari. Salah satu istilah yang sering digunakan adalah "takko-takko mata". Istilah ini memiliki konotasi yang lebih lembut dibandingkan dengan "kawin lari" dan seringkali digunakan untuk menggambarkan situasi di mana pasangan memutuskan untuk menikah tanpa persetujuan orang tua, tetapi dengan niat yang baik dan harapan untuk mendapatkan restu di kemudian hari.
title: UEFA 2016: The Opportunities and Challenges of Connectivity
Creators: name: Markides, Costas
Publisher: name: London Business School
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: FOS: Economics and business
valueUri: http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf

description: UEFA is considering how best to use the new technologies of the social era to improve fans's experience with football in Europe. The case describes the key challenges facing UEFA and raises the issue of how to introduce change in a successful organisation.
description: LBS Case Code: CS-17-006
Furosemide stimulates renin expression in the kidneys of salt-supplemented rats
Creators: name: Modena, B.
name: Holmer, S.
name: Eckardt, K. U.
name: Schricker, K.
name: Riegger, G.
name: Kaissling, B.
name: Kurtz, Armin
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: 570 Biowissenschaften, Biologie
subject: 610 Medizin
subject: Animals
subject: Body Weight
subject: Furosemide/pharmacology
subject: Kidney/metabolism
subject: Loop of Henle/metabolism
subject: Male
subject: Rats
subject: Rats, Wistar
subject: Renin/biosynthesis
subject: Sodium Chloride/pharmacology

description: This study was conducted to obtain information about a possible influence of salt transport by the thick ascending limb of Henle (TALH) and the macula densa on the expression of renin in the kidney. To this end, adult male rats were subcutaneously infused with furosemide (12 mg/24 h), an established inhibitor of TALH and macula densa salt transport, or with vehicle for 6 days. The animals had free access to chow, water and salt water (0.8% NaCl, 0.1% KCl) to maintain salt and water balance. Chronic furosemide treatment led to a 20-fold increase in urine flow rates and 50% increase in kidney weights, while urine osmolality decreased by 60% and body weight gain decreased by 40% in the furosemide-treated animals. Plasma renin activities increased from 2.9 +/- 0.5 ng angiotensin I h-1 ml-1 in controls to 10.6 +/- 2.2 ng angiotensin I h-1 ml-1 in furosemide-treated rats. In parallel, kidney areas immunoreactive for renin increased by 80% and the renal content of renin mRNA increased by 120% in the animals receiving furosemide. Under the assumption that the effects seen on renal renin expression were primarily due to the inhibition of TALH and macula densa function by furosemide, our findings suggest that salt transport across the TALH and macula densa exerts a negative control function not only on the secretion but also on the expression of renin in the kidney.
title: Marin Alsop: Dream job or nightmare - Compact Case
Creators: name: Fletcher, Carrie J
name: Peterson, Randall
name: Rollins, Vyla L
Publisher: name: London Business School
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: FOS: Economics and business
valueUri: http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf

description: This case study follows the career of world-renowned orchestra conductor Marin Alsop. As a gay woman in a blatantly male-dominated (and often sexist) field, Alsop faced significant challenges in her rise to the top of the profession. At virtually every turning point on her unconventional path, Alsop received the message that she should not or could not advance - and yet she did, relying on a nuanced mix of perseverance, self-awareness, and willingness to upend the status quo.
description: LBS Case Code: CCS-22-005
title: Takeda: The governance of strategic transformation (B) (Japanese)
Creators: name: Korine, Harry
name: Asakawa, Kazuhiro
Publisher: name: London Business School
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: FOS: Economics and business
valueUri: http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf

description: The case series describes strategic transformation at Takeda, the largest Japanese pharmaceutical company, with a special focus on the R&D function. Since 2015, the 237-year-old industry doyen has narrowed its strategic focus from six to three therapeutic areas, reorganised its global R&D footprint around one Japanese and two US sites, and engaged in over 180 new partnerships across multiple modalities of drug discovery around the world. The pipeline of new drugs, a key gauge of future growth, has shifted from 7% partner-based pre-transformation to approximately 45% partner-based today, and an entrepreneurial, geocentric way of working has taken hold. At Takeda, a generation's worth of strategic transformation has been compressed into three years. From the outset of the transformation process, outgoing Chairman Yasu Hasegawa and incoming CEO Christophe Weber made it a point to sound out major shareholders and engage candidly with the union, working with different stakeholders to find novel organisational solutions. Once plans crystallised in 2016, Hasegawa and Weber moved to reconstitute the board of directors, changing its composition and renegotiating its modus operandi to further strategic dialogue. During the course of the same year, the executive team was recast around people s'“ internal and external s'“ who had the skills and the mindset to take the company forward on its new path. Early in 2017, executives finally initiated a review and adjustment of existing structures in R&D, particularly as they pertained to the burgeoning partnership portfolio. In other words, Takeda stands out not only as a rare example of a large company reinventing itself, but also as a case that illustrates the importance of proactively addressing the governance of transformation.
description: LBS Case Code: CS-18-025_JPN
European statistics as a defining element of the Member States' public sectors. Revue ECU/EURO, N°56 (2022)
Creators: name: MARCO PEÑAS, Ester
Publisher: name: RESuME
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Economic and Monetary Union
subject: Union économique et monétaire
subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Statistiques
subject: Public sector
subject: Secteur public
subject: Eurostat
subject: public procurement
subject: marché public

description: The restrictions established in article 126 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (hereinafter, TFEU), and in the Stability and Growth Pact that develop this precept, are largely quantitative in nature, as they are based on numerical fiscal rules. Therefore, in order to guarantee their effectiveness, it is necessary to have precise definitions of the concepts that comprise them, which allow them to be measured. As this paper will discuss in detail, the criteria laid down to define the “general government sector” have been systematically tightened, first through Eurostat's interpretation of ESA 95 and then with the approval of ESA 2010 and its interpretation by Eurostat. Thus, the existence of government entities considered as market entities, whose deficit and debt levels are not consolidated in the balance sheet of the general government that controls them, is becoming increasingly complex.
deController: A Web3 Native Cyberspace Infrastructure Perspective
Creators: name: Xu, Hao
name: Sun, Yunqing
name: Li, Zihao
name: Sun, Yao
name: Zhang, Lei
name: Zhang, Xiaoshuai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Web3 brings an emerging outlook for the value of decentralization, boosting the decentralized infrastructure. People can benefit from Web3, facilitated by the advances in distributed ledger technology, to read, write and own web content, services and applications more freely without revealing their real identities. Although the features and merits of Web3 have been widely discussed, the network architecture of Web3 and how to achieve complete decentralization considering law compliance in Web3 are still unclear. Here, we propose a perspective of Web3 architecture, deController, consisting of underlay and overlay network as Web3 infrastructures to underpin services and applications. The functions of underlay and overlay and their interactions are illustrated. Meanwhile, the security and privacy of Web3 are analyzed based on a novel design of three-tier identities cooperating with deController. Furthermore, the impacts of laws on privacy and cyber sovereignty to achieve Web3 are discussed.
Influence of dietary NaCl intake on renin gene expression in the kidneys and adrenal glands of rats
Creators: name: Holmer, S.
name: Eckardt, Kai-Uwe
name: LeHir, M.
name: Schricker, Karin
name: Riegger, Günter A. J.
name: Kurtz, Armin
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: 570 Biowissenschaften, Biologie
subject: 610 Medizin
subject: Adrenal Glands/metabolism
subject: Animals
subject: Denervation
subject: Diet
subject: Gene Expression/drug effects
subject: Kidney/metabolism
subject: Male
subject: RNA, Messenger/metabolism
subject: Rats
subject: Rats, Sprague-Dawley
subject: Renin/genetics
subject: Sodium Chloride/administration & dosage

description: The aim of this study was to examine the influence of dietary NaCl intake on renin gene expression in the kidneys and adrenal glands of adult rats. Rats were kept on low (0.02%, w/w), normal (0.6%) or high (4%) NaCl diets and plasma renin activity (PRA) and the relative abundance of renin messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) in renal and adrenal tissue were followed for 20 days. In animals on a normal-salt diet PRA and renal renin mRNA levels did not change with time. PRA values in animals on the low-salt diet increased transiently (about threefold) and then declined again during the third week of treatment. Renal renin mRNA levels in these animals paralleled the changes of PRA. Conversely, in the animals kept on a high-salt diet PRA values decreased transiently and renal renin mRNA decreased continuously to about 50% of control values. Arterial blood pressure measured in conscious animals was not significantly influenced by the different salt diets. To establish whether the changes in renin mRNA levels are mediated by renal nerve input, animals on the different diets were also studied after unilateral renal denervation. Renal nerve section led to a 50% decrease of renin mRNA levels in the denervated kidneys in animals kept on the normal-salt diet. In the animals on the low-salt diet renin mRNA rose to similar levels in the denervated to those in the innervated kidney, while in animals receiving a high-salt diet renin mRNA was further decreased in the denervated kidneys.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
title: Changing the Fortunes of E.ON's Corporate Customer Business (A)
Creators: name: Jacobides, Michael
name: Merrick, Adrian
Publisher: name: London Business School
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: FOS: Economics and business
valueUri: http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf

description: This case details UK energy supplier E.ON's business turnaround from 2008. The company operated generation, distribution and retail businesses, with separately run sales and customer service operations. Following the departure of the heads of the sales and the customer service divisions, Adrian Merrick was tasked with bringing the two areas of the business together, running corporates as an end-to-end business and dealing with the issues faced by the business as a whole. In essence, this entailed resolving three key questions: What was the right strategy for E.ON in the corporates market? How could profitability be improved in the short term? How could the steady increase in debt be stopped?
description: LBS Case Code: CS-11-041
title: Propay Ltd (B)
Creators: name: Willey, Keith
Publisher: name: London Business School
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: FOS: Economics and business
valueUri: http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf

description: Rick Stein is faced with taking rapid action to both save his business and at the same time take advantage of a surprise exit opportunity. As usual there's a cash squeeze but should the business take more money and if so where from and on what terms?
description: LBS Case Code: CS-18-022
Limits of feedback control in bacterial chemotaxis
Creators: name: Dufour, Yann S.
name: Fu, Xiongfei
name: Hernandez-Nunez, Luis
name: Emonet, Thierry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: Cell Behavior (q-bio.CB)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Inputs to signaling pathways can have complex statistics that depend on the environment and on the behavioral response to previous stimuli. Such behavioral feedback is particularly important in navigation. Successful navigation relies on proper coupling between sensors, which gather information during motion, and actuators, which control behavior. Because reorientation conditions future inputs, behavioral feedback can place sensors and actuators in an operational regime different from the resting state. How then can organisms maintain proper information transfer through the pathway while navigating diverse environments? In bacterial chemotaxis, robust performance is often attributed to the zero integral feedback control of the sensor, which guarantees that activity returns to resting state when the input remains constant. While this property provides sensitivity over a wide range of signal intensities, it remains unclear how other parameters affect chemotactic performance, especially when considering that the swimming behavior of the cell determines the input signal. Using analytical models and simulations that incorporate recent experimental evidences about behavioral feedback and flagellar motor adaptation we identify an operational regime of the pathway that maximizes drift velocity for various environments and sensor adaptation rates. This optimal regime is outside the dynamic range of the motor response, but maximizes the contrast between run duration up and down gradients. In steep gradients, the feedback from chemotactic drift can push the system through a bifurcation. This creates a non-chemotactic state that traps cells unless the motor is allowed to adapt. Although motor adaptation helps, we find that as the strength of the feedback increases individual phenotypes cannot maintain the optimal operational regime in all environments, suggesting that diversity could be beneficial.
description: Corrected one typo. First two authors contributed equally. Notably, there were various typos in the values of the parameters in the model of motor adaptation. The results remain unchanged
title: easyCar (G): From B2C to P2P
Creators: name: Jacobides, Michael
name: Courty, Pascal
Publisher: name: London Business School
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: FOS: Economics and business
valueUri: http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf

description: In 1999, Stelios Haji-Ioannou and the easyGroup management team considered whether European car rental was a business worth entering. They had an enviable track record when it came to picking market opportunities. Could this be their next success? The case describes easyCar's entry into the European car rental market and subsequent development. It is a versatile set of cases, which can be used individually, as pairs, or as a sequence of cases starting, showing the evolution of a venture from its conception to its troubles and reincarnation. It can also be taught by focusing on one or more episodes which illustrate particular aspects the instructor is interested in.This case can be used either to introduce or recap the core elements of strategy, such as market definition, industry analysis, creating new market spaces, new business model analysis, resources and capabilities. It can also help elucidate more advanced topics; i.e., show where the value lies in the value chain and how a firm should decide its positioning and link with other firms in the ecosystem; identify the challenges with planning for growth and how that links with financial strategy; and raise the upsides and downsides of s'˜Peer-to-Peers's (P2P) models, contrasted with more traditional Business-to-Consumer (B2C) models. More importantly, easyCar can be used to help students evaluate a new business model ex ante, including the role of analogies and the promises and risks of extending a firm's capabilities, and considering adaptation when things turn out worse than expected. The case offers an applied perspective on the use of analogies in strategy formation. It highlights the role of indicators of what is or isn't working in the venture, analogical reasoning and extrapolation notwithstanding.
description: LBS Case Code: CS-16-003
title: Feedr (A)
Creators: name: Dushnitsky, Gary
name: Larin, Kathryn
Publisher: name: London Business School
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: FOS: Economics and business
valueUri: http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf

description: The case describes the journey of Riya Grover and Lyz Swanton as they launched, scaled and sold London-based startup Feedr during the second half of 2010. Feedr provided nutritionally healthy food to the workplace by leveraging technology to drive personalisation in choice and scale. Case A follows the female founders as they pursue their first fundraising. The goal was to build a B2B2C platform offering workplaces a set of curated healthy food offerings from selected vendors. The case provides insights into Feedr's unique selling proposition (USP) in the face of successful scale-ups such as Deliveroo, Uber Eats and others. The majority of the case focuses on the fundraising process and the science and practice that goes into setting the valuation of a seed-stage startup.
description: LBS Case Code: CS-21-005