cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Reconciliation in the Transformation of Conflict. An Analysis of the South African Experience and Implications for its Application in International Conflict Resolution from a Peace Theoretical Perspective
Creators: name: Hofmann, Nicole A.
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2010
Subjects: Social sciences, sociology, anthropology
Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie, Anthropologie

description: When violence has ceased it is often assumed that from this very moment peace has been restored. Definitions of peace and war have influenced earlier peace building interventions which in turn constituted the simple act of putting the weapons down as sufficient. Only recently have attempts to incorporate wider angles of facilitating peace and development been utilised. Critical approaches enhancing the perception of peace are put forward by Peace Theory scholars such as Johan Galtung and actual lessons learned serve to counter prevailing criticsm from Realist perspectives on peace. This paper demonstrates a rationale and case for supporting a more promising as well as more realistic view of peace and conflict management offered by peace theoretical considerations and approaches. Transformation of conflicts appears as preliminary requirement for lasting peace in the view of Peace Theory. Upholding this presumption, reconciliation is presented here as an essential process and likewise applicable method for transformation of conflict. The paper examines the advantages of reconciliation against Realist claims about power politics and international relations. After introducing the aim and outline of the paper, a theoretical framework will be established in the second chapter, acknowledging the Christian concept of reconciliation yet evolving towards modern interpretations within socio-political contexts. Scrutinising the applicability of reconciliation for conflict transformation, the third chapter presents reconciliation in practice drawing on the South African expample. Along this case study is highlighted how transitional justice is measured to default standards, what contextual constraints shape structure, mandate and process of applied reconciliation and why success is clearly visible in terms of socio-political reach. The model of the South African Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC) also serves to elaborate the feasibility of institutionalising reconciliation in conflict transformation on international level. This paper stresses that conditions and design of the TRC resemble the setting of current international conflict transformation processes. Consequently chapter four discusses the specific impediments for applied peace theory in international context before the last chapter concludes the significance of applied reconciliation and non-retributive justice models for international conflict transformation..
Early brain development in infants at high risk for autism spectrum disorder
Creators: name: McKinstry, Robert C.
name: Dager, Stephen R.
name: Wolff, Jason J.
name: Munsell, Brent C.
name: Styner, Martin
name: Shaw, Dennis W.
name: Botteron, Kelly N.
name: Gerig, Guido
name: Estes, Annette M.
name: Constantino, John N.
name: Pandey, Juhi
name: Paterson, Sarah
name: Schultz, Robert T.
name: Kostopoulos, Penelope
name: Swanson, Meghan R.
name: Fonov, Vladimir S.
name: Gu, Hongbin
name: Zhu, Hongtu
name: Pruett, John R.
name: Collins, D. Louis
name: Kim, Sun Hyung
name: Evans, Alan C.
name: Elison, Jed T.
name: Piven, Joseph
name: Zwaigenbaum, Lonnie
name: Hazlett, Heather Cody
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Brain enlargement has been observed in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), but the timing of this phenomenon and its relationship to the appearance of behavioral symptoms is unknown. Retrospective head circumference and longitudinal brain volume studies of 2 year olds followed up at age 4 years, have provided evidence that increased brain volume may emerge early in development.1, 2 Studies of infants at high familial risk for autism can provide insight into the early development of autism and have found that characteristic social deficits in ASD emerge during the latter part of the first and in the second year of life3,4. These observations suggest that prospective brain imaging studies of infants at high familial risk for ASD might identify early post-natal changes in brain volume occurring before the emergence of an ASD diagnosis. In this prospective neuroimaging study of 106 infants at high familial risk of ASD and 42 low-risk infants, we show that cortical surface area hyper-expansion between 6-12 months of age precedes brain volume overgrowth observed between 12-24 months in the 15 high-risk infants diagnosed with autism at 24 months. Brain volume overgrowth was linked to the emergence and severity of autistic social deficits. A deep learning algorithm primarily using surface area information from brain MRI at 6 and 12 months of age predicted the diagnosis of autism in individual high-risk children at 24 months (with a positive predictive value of 81%, sensitivity of 88%). These findings demonstrate that early brain changes unfold during the period in which autistic behaviors are first emerging.
Formation of image-potential states at the graphene/metal interface
Creators: name: Armbrust, N.
name: Güdde, J.
name: Höfer, U.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The formation of image-potential states at the interface between a graphene layer and a metal surface is studied by means of model calculations. An analytical one-dimensional model-potential for the combined system is constructed and used to calculate energies and wave functions of the image-potential states at the Gamma-point as a function of the graphene-metal distance. It is demonstrated how the double series of image-potential states of free-standing graphene evolves into interfacial states that interact with both surfaces at intermediate distances and finally into a single series of states resembling those of a clean metal surface covered by a monoatomic spacer layer. The model quantitatively reproduces experimental data available for graphene/Ir(111) and graphene/Ru(0001), systems which strongly differ in interaction strength and therefore adsorption distance. Moreover, it provides a clear physical explanation for the different binding energy and lifetime of the first (n=1) image-potential state in the valley and hill areas of the strongly corrugated moire superlattice of graphene/Ru(0001).
description: 16 pages, 4 figures, * added comparison with DFT calculations (Ref.[19]) in section 3, * added references ([3-4] and [42-44]), * unify the use of energy and binding energy throughout the text, * corrected typos and grammar
title: A Process Approach to Presentism: A Route Towards Compatibility with Physical Theory
Creators: name: Miller, Ruth
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2021

description: The aim of this thesis is to develop an approach to presentism that is compatible with physical theory. Central to the achievement of this aim is the development of a suitable ontology for presentism, one that succeeds in internalising the objectively dynamic features of reality. This requires a radical approach to certain entrenched assumptions concerning time, persistence and change that are embedded in the standard metaphysical paradigms within which current debates within the philosophy of time take place.
Daily Emotion Regulation in Major Depression and Borderline Personality Disorder
Creators: name: Bohländer, Julian
name: Renneberg, Babette
name: Röpke, Stefan
name: Zetsche, Ulrike
name: Paul-Christian Bürkner
name: Schulze, Lars
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Clinical Psychology
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Emotional disturbances are an inherent aspect of most mental disorders and possibly driven by impaired emotion regulation. The present study examines how exactly affected individuals differ from healthy individuals in regulating their emotions and whether individuals suffering from different mental disorders face similar or distinct difficulty in emotion regulation. We overcome earlier methodological constraints by using a seven-day experience sampling assessing the employment and effectiveness of six regulation strategies real-time in 55 individuals with current major depressive disorder, 52 individuals with borderline personality disorder (BPD), and 55 healthy individuals. All participants were female. Both clinical groups employed rumination and suppression more often and acceptance less often than healthy individuals. Depressed individuals ruminated even more often than individuals with BPD. Expressive suppression and rumination showed negative effects on subsequent emotions in all groups. Remarkably, both clinical groups were able to benefit from adaptive regulation strategies if they did select them.
DETERMINING THE FACTORS THAT AFFECT THE SATISFACTION OF STUDENTS HAVING UNDERGRADUATE TOURISM EDUCATION WITH THE DEPARTMENT BY MEANS OF THE METHOD OF CLASSIFICATION TREE
Creators: name: ATAY, Lütfi
name: YILDIRIM, Haci Mehmet
Publisher: name: tourismos
Year: 2010

description: Students’ satisfaction with their department is of importance in their attitudes towards school. When it is considered that the students, who receive tourism education at universities, are also consumers of the education service provided at the departments, it is necessary to determine the factors that affect student satisfaction. The aim of this study is to determine the factors that affect the satisfaction of the students, who receive undergraduate tourism education, with the tourism undergraduate programs where they are registered. With this purpose, a questionnaire was performed on 1734 students. The method of classification tree was used in determining the factors affecting students’ satisfaction. As a result of the classification tree analysis, it was observed that the variable, which affected students’ satisfaction most, was the job considered to be done after graduation and that this was followed by sufficiency of job opportunities after graduation, whether the department was chosen after researching or not, whether one can be a good manager with the education received from the department or not, and whether the courses included current subjects or not, respectively.
description: tourismos, Vol. 5 No. 1 (2010)
title: From Copenhagen to Kampala - Understanding Securitization Through the Postcolonial Context
Creators: name: Sense, Niklas
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Political science
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: Politik

description: With their concept of securitization, the Copenhagen School has introduced an ontological, epistemological, and methodological turn in the academic field of security studies that produced a wide body of literature by broadening, widening, and deepening the discourse. Especially more sociological scholars have stressed the importance of social contexts and illustrated how the inclusion of those allows for a better understanding of securitizing processes. Yet, despite the enormous increase and prominence of postcolonial works, securitization scholars have failed to properly incorporate and adapt to this postcolonial turn. This article sets out to bridge this missing link between securitization, social contexts, and the concept of the postcolonial. Combining a wide range of secondary literature, this article proposes an analytical framework of the postcolonial context that functions as an intersectional site which encompasses the interconnectedness of discursive, material, and power structures (socio-linguistic and socio-political dimensions of context) and that includes a temporal (pre-colonial, colonial, and post-independent) as well as spatial (local, national, regional, global) dimension. The securitization of homosexuality in Uganda functions as a helpful case to illustrate both the benefit and necessity of applying the underlying conceptualization of the postcolonial context to securitization theory. Not only does it help to better understand matters of homosexuality in the Ugandan context, but it also offers an innovative contribution to the general discourse on securitization and facilitates to extend its application to non-European settings.
title: Zum Umgang mit kulturellen Konflikten in der Entwicklungszusammenarbeit - Eine Zusammenfassung für Praktiker_innen und Interessierte
Creators: name: Heusinger, Judith Von
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2015
Subjects: Social sciences, sociology, anthropology
Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie, Anthropologie

description: 1. Einleitung 2. Zum Forschungsprozess 3. Was sind wiederkehrende Kommunikationshürden in der Entwicklungskooperation? 4. Wie wird bisher mit Kommunikationshürden in der Entwicklungszusammenarbeit umgegangen? 5. Ein Beispiel: Wiederkehrende Konfliktthemen bei entwicklungspolitischen Programmen im Gesundheitsbereich 6. Hinweise für die entwicklungspolitische Praxis 7. Glossar 8. Weiterführende Literatur
Testing for pure-jump processes for high-frequency data
Creators: name: Kong, Xin-Bing
name: Liu, Zhi
name: Jing, Bing-Yi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Pure-jump processes have been increasingly popular in modeling high-frequency financial data, partially due to their versatility and flexibility. In the meantime, several statistical tests have been proposed in the literature to check the validity of using pure-jump models. However, these tests suffer from several drawbacks, such as requiring rather stringent conditions and having slow rates of convergence. In this paper, we propose a different test to check whether the underlying process of high-frequency data can be modeled by a pure-jump process. The new test is based on the realized characteristic function, and enjoys a much faster convergence rate of order $O(n^{1/2})$ (where $n$ is the sample size) versus the usual $o(n^{1/4})$ available for existing tests; it is applicable much more generally than previous tests; for example, it is robust to jumps of infinite variation and flexible modeling of the diffusion component. Simulation studies justify our findings and the test is also applied to some real high-frequency financial data.
description: Published at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/14-AOS1298 in the Annals of Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aos/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
The Sloan Digital Sky Survey Reverberation Mapping Project: Post-Starburst Signatures in Quasar Host Galaxies at z < 1
Creators: name: Matsuoka, Yoshiki
name: Strauss, Michael A.
name: Shen, Yue
name: Brandt, William N.
name: Greene, Jenny E.
name: Ho, Luis C.
name: Schneider, Donald P.
name: Sun, Mouyuan
name: Trump, Jonathan R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quasar host galaxies are key for understanding the relation between galaxies and the supermassive black holes (SMBHs) at their centers. We present a study of 191 broad-line quasars and their host galaxies at z < 1, using high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) spectra produced by the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Reverberation Mapping project. Clear detection of stellar absorption lines allows a reliable decomposition of the observed spectra into nuclear and host components, using spectral models of quasar and stellar radiations as well as emission lines from the interstellar medium. We estimate age, mass (M*), and velocity dispersion (sigma*) of the host stars, the star formation rate (SFR), quasar luminosity, and SMBH mass (Mbh), for each object. The quasars are preferentially hosted by massive galaxies with M* ~ 10^{11} Msun characterized by stellar ages around a billion years, which coincides with the transition phase of normal galaxies from the blue cloud to the red sequence. The host galaxies have relatively low SFRs and fall below the main sequence of star-forming galaxies at similar redshifts. These facts suggest that the hosts have experienced an episode of major star formation sometime in the past billion years, which was subsequently quenched or suppressed. The derived Mbh - sigma* and Mbh - M* relations agree with our past measurements and are consistent with no evolution from the local Universe. The present analysis demonstrates that reliable measurements of stellar properties of quasar host galaxies are possible with high-SNR fiber spectra, which will be acquired in large numbers with future powerful instruments such as the Subaru Prime Focus Spectrograph.
description: ApJ in press
LIAISON: Narzędzia do ewaluacji i oceny wpływu współinnowacji
Creators: name: Macken-Walsh, Áine
name: Augustyn, Anna Maria
name: Bettoni, Maddalena
name: Puente, José María Díaz
name: Forde, Aoife
name: Home, Robert
name: Javornicky, Martin
name: Naughton, Anita
name: Quiédeville, Sylvain
name: Repede, Dana Cristina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: W niniejszym Przewodniku przedstawiono szereg metod i narzędzi, które można wykorzystać do ewaluacji i oceny wpływu dowolnego projektu lub innej inicjatywy, w którą zaangażowane są grupy współpracujące ze sobą na rzecz współinnowacji. Niniejszy Przewodnik jest przeznaczony dla każdego, kto chce ocenić, monitorować i udoskonalić trwający proces współinnowacji, niezależnie od tego, czy jest to formalny projekt, czy bardziej nieformalna współpraca.
title: Friedenslogischer Flüchtlingsschutz. Impulse für eine Neuausrichtung des Flüchtlingsschutzes
Creators: name: Krause, Ulrike
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Political science
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: Politik

description: Die internationalen Flüchtlingsbewegungen sowie die Frage, wie die Personen zu schüt-zen sind bzw. geschützt werden können, er-hält derzeit viel mediale und politische Auf-merksamkeit. Insbesondere in Europa zei-gen sich aber eher Abschottungstendenzen als eine menschenrechtliche Schutzperspek-tive auf jene Personen, die nach Asyl su-chen. Obwohl diese Entwicklungen sich re-gional auf Europa beziehen, zeigen sich ähnliche Trends in Südostasien. Die Ent-wicklungen halten dem globalen Flücht-lingsschutzsystem einen Spiegel vor, durch den der nationale Sicherheitsfokus sowie das Bedrohungsverständnis von Flüchtlin-gen gezeigt werden. Mit Hilfe der Analyse des Flüchtlingsschutz-regimes konnten neben den globalen Norm-setzungen durch die Genfer Flüchtlingskon-vention auch die Art und Weise, wie Flücht-lingsschutz national umgesetzt wird, reflek-tiert werden. Auf dieser Grundlage zeigt sich der Flüchtlingsschutz als ein auf huma-nitäre Hilfe gestütztes System, dass zwar Maßnahmen für den Schutz der als Flücht-linge definierten Personen rahmt, allerdings eher nationalstaatliche Sicherheitsaspekte als die der Flüchtlinge zentral sieht. Kern-punkte aus dieser Analyse halfen, um zu hinterfragen, wie ein friedenslogischer Flüchtlingsschutz gestaltet sein könnte.
title: Circularly Polarized Antennas for GNSS Applications
Creators: name: Hussine, Umniyyah Ulfa
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2021

description: Global navigation satellite system (GNSS) is developing rapidly. Modern GNSS technology is facing challenges for researchers to explore. One hot topic is the multi-system GNSS device. The motivation for the antenna designers is to miniaturize the size of the antenna and meanwhile keep its standard performance. It is a challenging task for an antenna array design to achieve a wide bandwidth, high gain, small size, good coverage, and simple fabrication technique all at the same time. This thesis develops several different novel compacts, high gain, and wide bandwidth circularly polarized (CP) antenna capable of providing wide coverage for GNSS frequency bands from 1.16 GHz to 1.6 GHz to cover the GPS L1-L5 bands, GLONASS G1, G2 and G3 as well as the Galileo E5a, E5b, E6, and E1bands.
title: Demokratisierung der Bundeswehr als Schritt auf dem Weg zum Frieden. Anmerkungen zu den Zivilisierungsperspektiven einer autoritären Institution
Creators: name: Rose, Jürgen
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Political science
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: Politik

description: The article analyzes the debate about the integration of the ‘German Armed Forces’ (’Bundeswehr’) into the democratic, pluralistic society as well as how democratic the Army’s inner structures can and should be. It starts with a brief description of the ‘Bundeswehr’s’ conception of so-called ‘Inner Leadership/ Innere Fuehrung’. That notion was delineated by the German General, peace researcher, and military philosopher Wolf Graf von Baudissin after World War II and stands for an entirely new and revolutionary design of the future German Armed Forces. Besides the well-known role model of the “citizen in uniform”, its three core elements comprise the prevalence of basic human rights within the military, the integration of the armed forces into the democratic, pluralistic society, and preservation of peace as the fundamental mission of the ‘Bundeswehr’. After briefly checking relevant MOD manuals, dipping into the political debate during the time of the so-called rearmament of Germany during the early Fifties of the last century, and depicting first instances of democratic methods, practices and processes within the German military of the Seventies, the treatise scrutinizes feasible options for the further democratization of the ‘Bundeswehr’. Those refer to freedom of speech as an absolutely essential, as well as curtailing the obligation to observe orders, democratizing the process of selecting military leaders, establishing a system of cooperative personnel management, and last not least enhancing opportunities for democratic participation within the armed forces in general.
title: Time delay system control and application in electricity market
Creators: name: Xu, Haotian
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2020

description: In many real-world engineering systems, the rate of variation in the system state depends on the past states, which characteristic is called delay or a time delay. As time delay will degrade the system dynamic performance and even destroy the system stability, the stability analysis of a system with a time delay has been investigated in many real control systems such as load frequency control scheme of power systems, genetic regulatory network, digital filter, electricity market and economic dispatch of the power system. Several improved stability criteria of time delay systems are proposed and applied in power system control with time delay such as load frequency control and electricity market. In this thesis, the Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional and the Wirtinger inequality have been investigated to establish several new stability criteria at first. The Wirtinger-based inequality used in a linear system with two additive time-varying delays is investigated and applied in load frequency control system in chapter 2. In chapter 3, an improved stability criterion based on Wirtinger-type double integral inequality was developed and applied in genetic regulatory networks. Then, in chapter4, the proposed method has been extended to a discrete system and applied in digital filters. Chapter 5 presents a further improve a stability criterion using Wirtinger-type three integral inequality and applied in the power system, including load frequency control system and economical dispatch system. In chapter 6, the stability analysis of an electricity market with a time-varying delay is studied. The dynamic model of an electricity market is presented to minimize the operation cost. The impact of a time delay on this dynamic model is analysed via a stability criterion developed in Chapter 5. The main contribution of the thesis is not only proposes several stability criteria based on the Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional and Wirtinger inequality but also applying the methods in power systems, genetic regulatory network and digital filter. Effectiveness of those new stability criteria has been verified via simulation studies based on numerical examples and those industry time-delay systems.
Effect of ambient PM2.5 on healthcare utilisation for acute respiratory illness, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, 2014-2019
Creators: name: Bailie, Christopher R.
name: Ghosh, Jo Kay C.
name: Kirk, Martyn D.
name: Sullivan, Sheena G.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Ambient particulate matter (PM2.5) is an important component of natural and human-generated air pollution and a major contributor to the global burden of disease. Short-term effects of PM2.5 exposure on respiratory illness have been described but most evidence arises from high pollution settings. We used case-crossover methods to estimate effects of outdoor PM2.5 levels on emergency department (ED) presentations and hospital admissions for a range of acute respiratory illnesses and age groups in Melbourne, Australia from 2014–2019, with and without adjustment for other pollutants and weather conditions, using daily and one-week averaged lags. We estimated incidence rate ratios for a 10 μg/m3 increase in 7-day average ambient PM2.5 of 1.043 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.000–1.089) on ED presentation and 1.013 (95% CI: 0.971–1.056) on hospital admissions for acute respiratory illnesses for patients of any age. We observed distinct temporal patterns in daily lag effect by disease. The largest effects on acute lower respiratory tract infection and asthma were observed in children. Ambient PM2.5 levels rarely exceeded standards in place at the time. Although uncertainty around most point estimates was relatively wide, these findings are most compatible with adverse health effects of ambient PM2.5 at levels below currently established Australian national standards.Implications: Understanding the health impacts of air pollution is important for setting air quality targets, as well as for informing robust health system planning. Adverse effects of exposure to outdoor fine particulate matter on human respiratory health have been consistently described. However, most studies have been done in higher-pollution settings. Further, many studies have assessed health effects in broad categories such as all-cause respiratory mortality or hospitalization, and thus lack the granularity to inform detailed health service planning. Our study aimed to estimate effects of outdoor fine particulate matter on emergency department (ED) presentations and hospital admissions for a range of acute respiratory illnesses and age groups in Melbourne, Australia, a city with relatively good air quality by international comparison. Our study estimated consistent effects on both ED presentations and hospital admissions compatible with distinct patterns of adverse health effects at levels at or below established Australian national (and many international) standards. These results will help to inform both air quality policy and public health policy in similar settings.
Highly conductive and low-work-function polymer electrodes for solution-processed n-type oxide thin-film transistors
Creators: name: Huseynova, Gunel
name: Boampong, Amos Amoako
name: Yu, Kyeong Min
name: Lee, Ye-Seul
name: Lee, Jonghee
name: Kim, Min-Hoi
name: Lee, Jae-Hyun
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: We present an n-doped poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) polymer and its application in n-type oxide thin-film transistors (OxTFTs) as a source and drain electrode material. A reduced molecule of a cationic dye, methyl red (MR), was used as an effective solution-processed n-type dopant. The sequential de-doping and doping of the initially p-doped PEDOT:PSS polymer with the reduced MR (r-MR) effectively removed positive charges via cancellation by the added electrons. As a result, the electron conductivity of PEDOT:PSS increased from 3.4 S/cm to ∼51 S/cm, while its work function decreased from 4.8 eV to 3.5 eV. This is one of the lowest values of the work function reported for PEDOT:PSS. The n-doped PEDOT:PSS films were eventually applied as a suitable material to fabricate the contact electrodes of solution-processed bottom-gate top-contact amorphous indium-gallium-zinc oxide-based OxTFTs. The resultant devices exhibited electron mobility over ten times better compared to those with undoped PEDOT:PSS electrodes. Therefore, we suggest this method as a highly suitable and low-cost technique for improving electron transport in PEDOT:PSS and all solution-processed conductors. Further investigations with this method are expected to expand the application of PEDOT:PSS to other sectors of optoelectronics.
“FOOD SAFETY TRAINING: A MODEL HACCP INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNIQUE”
Creators: name: Georgakopoulos, Vassilis
Publisher: name: tourismos
Year: 2010

description: This research project reports the findings of an original study with regards to a new Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP) instructional technique to be used for training purposes. The study investigated the effectiveness of a model HACCP instructional technique, the main characteristics of which are the adoption of a new methodology when teaching HACCP and the use of the emerging computer-based technology of Virtual Reality (VR). The findings highlight the advantages offered by the HACCP-VR instructional technique. This approach takes into account the environmental influences on food safety, thus, ensuring that food safety training is seen as part of an overall infrastructure for effective food safety control.
description: tourismos, Vol. 5 No. 1 (2010)
Non-equivalence of Wnt and R-spondin ligands during Lgr5+ intestinal stem-cell self-renewal
Creators: name: Belgrader, Phillip
name: Ueno, Hiroo
name: Yuan, Jenny
name: Henning, Susan J.
name: Lee, Mark
name: Terry, Jessica M.
name: Wong, Melissa H.
name: Ziraldo, Solongo B.
name: Han, Arnold
name: Li, Xiao
name: Larkin, Kathryn A.
name: Luca, Vincent C.
name: Ootani, Akifumi
name: Von Furstenberg, Richard J.
name: Snyder, Michael P.
name: Ordonez, Heather
name: Kuo, Calvin J.
name: Weissman, Irving L.
name: Chang, Junlei
name: Hsueh, Aaron J.
name: Yan, Kelley S.
name: Chia, Luis A.
name: Zheng, Grace X. Y.
name: Wilhelmy, Julie
name: Roelf, Kelly
name: Garcia, K. Christopher
name: Janda, Claudia Y.
name: Mikkelsen, Tarjei S.
name: Davies, Paige S.
name: Bolen, Christopher R.
name: Mah, Amanda T.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: The canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway governs diverse developmental, homeostatic and pathologic processes. Palmitoylated Wnt ligands engage cell surface Frizzled (Fzd) receptors and Lrp5/6 co-receptors enabling β-catenin nuclear translocation and Tcf/Lef-dependent gene transactivation1–3. Mutations in Wnt downstream signaling components have revealed diverse functions presumptively attributed to Wnt ligands themselves, although direct attribution remains elusive, as complicated by redundancy between 19 mammalian Wnts and 10 Fzds1 and Wnt hydrophobicity2,3. For example, individual Wnt ligand mutations have not revealed homeostatic phenotypes in the intestinal epithelium4, an archetypal canonical Wnt pathway-dependent rapidly self-renewing tissue whose regeneration is fueled by proliferative crypt Lgr5+ intestinal stem cells (ISCs)5–9. R-spondin ligands (Rspo1–4) engage distinct Lgr4-6 and Rnf43/Znrf3 receptor classes10–13, markedly potentiate canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling and induce intestinal organoid growth in vitro and Lgr5+ ISCs in vivo8,14–17. However, the interchangeability, functional cooperation and relative contributions of Wnt versus Rspo ligands to in vivo canonical Wnt signaling and ISC biology remain unknown. Here, we deconstructed functional roles of Wnt versus Rspo ligands in the intestinal crypt stem cell niche. We demonstrate that the default fate of Lgr5+ ISCs is lineage commitment, escape from which requires both Rspo and Wnt ligands. However, gain-of-function studies using Rspo versus a novel non-lipidated Wnt analog reveal qualitatively distinct, non-interchangeable roles for these ligands in ISCs. Wnts are insufficient to induce Lgr5+ ISC self-renewal, but rather confer a basal competency by maintaining Rspo receptor expression that enables Rspo to actively drive and specify the extent of stem cell expansion. This functionally non-equivalent yet cooperative interplay between Wnt and Rspo ligands establishes a molecular precedent for regulation of mammalian stem cells by distinct priming and self-renewal factors, with broad implications for precision control of tissue regeneration.
Zwischen Multilokalität und Sesshaftigkeit. Eine Untersuchung der residenziellen Multilokalität von Geographie-Studierenden an der Universität Innsbruck unter Einfluss der Covid-19 Pandemie und Fernlehre
Creators: name: Neises, Chiara
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: residential multilocality
students
covid-19
distance learning

description: For almost two years until now, the Covid-19 pandemic has determined the everyday life of our entire society. In order to limit contacts to a minimum, teaching at the University of Innsbruck has changed from face-to-face teaching classes to distance learning since the beginning of the summer semester in 2020. Especially in the department of Geography of the University Innsbruck, teaching has been completely switched to distance learning. In addition, a high proportion of foreign students from Austria's neighboring countries are enrolled in this degree program. This leads to the assumption that some of the students are multi-local, i.e. residing in more than one place of residence. Besides the changes in teaching due to the Covid-19 pandemic, difficulties in cross-border commuting have arisen. Concluding, this thesis work explores the question of what changes the multilocality of geography students at the University of Innsbruck undergoes due to the switch to distance learning. For this purpose, an online survey was used to question about 37 percent of the geography students regarding their living and commuting behavior before and during the Covid-19 pandemic. All data were subsequently analyzed using the statistical program SPSS. Key findings that emerged from this analysis are primarily variations in commuting frequencies during the Covid-19 pandemic. These manifested themselves in the fact that students spent more time at their primary residence and thus a large part of the time at the university location. On the other hand, it was possible to show that only a small proportion of questionees respondents experienced changes in their housing situation. Rather a persistence could be found, which can be explained by the fact that the questionees value their current housing situation and therefore do not want to change it.
Prefrontal cortex output circuits guide reward seeking through divergent cue encoding
Creators: name: Kosyk, Oksana
name: Stuber, Garret D.
name: Rossi, Mark A.
name: Mohorn, Emily P.
name: Otis, James M.
name: Robinson, J. Elliott
name: Voets, Elisa S.
name: Matan, Ana M.
name: Resendez, Shanna L.
name: Namboodiri, Vijay M.K.
name: McHenry, Jenna A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: The prefrontal cortex is a critical neuroanatomical hub for controlling motivated behaviours across mammalian species. In addition to intra-cortical connectivity, prefrontal projection neurons innervate subcortical structures that contribute to reward-seeking behaviours, such as the ventral striatum and midline thalamus. While connectivity among these structures contributes to appetitive behaviours, how projection-specific prefrontal neurons encode reward-relevant information to guide reward seeking is unknown. Here we use in vivo two-photon calcium imaging to monitor the activity of dorsomedial prefrontal neurons in mice during an appetitive Pavlovian conditioning task. At the population level, these neurons display diverse activity patterns during the presentation of reward-predictive cues. However, recordings from prefrontal neurons with resolved projection targets reveal that individual corticostriatal neurons show response tuning to reward-predictive cues, such that excitatory cue responses are amplified across learning. By contrast, corticothalamic neurons gradually develop new, primarily inhibitory responses to reward-predictive cues across learning. Furthermore, bidirectional optogenetic manipulation of these neurons reveals that stimulation of corticostriatal neurons promotes conditioned reward-seeking behaviour after learning, while activity in corticothalamic neurons suppresses both the acquisition and expression of conditioned reward seeking. These data show how prefrontal circuitry can dynamically control reward-seeking behaviour through the opposing activities of projection-specific cell populations.
title: ÐÑÑÐ¾ÑÐ¸Ñ Ð¸ ÑÐ¾Ð²ÑÐµÐ¼ÐµÐ½Ð½ÑÐµ Ð°ÑÐ¿ÐµÐºÑÑ Ð¿ÐµÐ´Ð°Ð³Ð¾Ð³Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ð¹ Ð½Ð°ÑÐºÐ¸
title: ÑÑÐµÐ±Ð½Ð¾Ðµ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð±Ð¸Ðµ
titleType: Subtitle
title: History and modern aspects of pedagogical science
Creators: name: ÐÐ¾Ð¿Ð¾Ð²Ð°, ÐÐ¸Ð½Ð°
name: ÐÐ¸Ð½Ð¾Ð²ÑÐµÐ²Ð°, ÐÐ»ÑÐ³Ð°
Publisher: name: ÐÐÐÐÐ¢ÐÐ¥-ÐÐ ÐÐ¡Ð¡
Year: 2025
Subjects: Ð¸ÑÑÐ¾ÑÐ¸Ñ Ð¿ÐµÐ´Ð°Ð³Ð¾Ð³Ð¸ÐºÐ¸
ÑÑÐµÐ±Ð½Ð¸ÐºÐ¸ Ð¸ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð±Ð¸Ñ Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð²ÑÐ·Ð¾Ð²

description: ÐÐ¾ÑÐ¾Ð±Ð¸Ðµ Ð¿Ð¾ Ð´Ð¸ÑÑÐ¸Ð¿Ð»Ð¸Ð½Ðµ Â«ÐÑÑÐ¾ÑÐ¸Ñ Ð¸ ÑÐ¾Ð²ÑÐµÐ¼ÐµÐ½Ð½ÑÐµ Ð°ÑÐ¿ÐµÐºÑÑ Ð¿ÐµÐ´Ð°Ð³Ð¾Ð³Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ð¹ Ð½Ð°ÑÐºÐ¸Â» ÑÐ²Ð»ÑÐµÑÑÑ Ð°Ð²ÑÐ¾ÑÑÐºÐ¸Ð¼ ÐºÑÑÑÐ¾Ð¼ Ð¸ Ð²ÐºÐ»ÑÑÐ°ÐµÑ ÐºÐ¾Ð½ÑÐ¿ÐµÐºÑÑ Ð»ÐµÐºÑÐ¸Ð¹ Ð½Ð° Ð°Ð½Ð³Ð»Ð¸Ð¹ÑÐºÐ¾Ð¼ ÑÐ·ÑÐºÐµ, Ð»ÐµÐºÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ðµ ÑÐ¿ÑÐ°Ð¶Ð½ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ, Ð·Ð°Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´Ð³Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð²ÐºÐµ Ð¿ÑÐµÐ·ÐµÐ½ÑÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¸ Ð½Ð°Ð¿Ð¸ÑÐ°Ð½Ð¸Ñ ÑÑÑÐµ. Ð Ð¿Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð±Ð¸Ðµ ÑÐ°ÐºÐ¶Ðµ Ð²ÐºÐ»ÑÑÐµÐ½Ñ Ð¿ÑÐ¸Ð¼ÐµÑÐ½ÑÐµ Ð²Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð°Ð½ÑÑ ÐºÐ¾Ð½ÑÑÐ¾Ð»ÑÐ½ÑÑ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾Ñ, ÑÐºÐ·Ð°Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½ÑÐµ Ð²Ð¾Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÑÑ, ÑÐ¿Ð¸ÑÐ¾Ðº ÑÐµÐ¼ Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑÐµÑÐµÑÐ°ÑÐ¾Ð², ÑÐ¿ÑÐ°Ð²Ð¾ÑÐ½ÑÐµ Ð¼Ð°ÑÐµÑÐ¸Ð°Ð»Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ Ð¸ÑÑÐ¾ÑÐ¸Ð¸ Ð¿ÐµÐ´Ð°Ð³Ð¾Ð³Ð¸ÐºÐ¸, Ð³Ð»Ð¾ÑÑÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¿ÐµÐ´Ð°Ð³Ð¾Ð³Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ñ ÑÐµÑÐ¼Ð¸Ð½Ð¾Ð². ÐÐ¾ÑÐ¾Ð±Ð¸Ðµ Ð¿ÑÐµÐ´Ð½Ð°Ð·Ð½Ð°ÑÐµÐ½Ð¾ Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð¿ÑÐ°ÐºÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ñ Ð·Ð°Ð½ÑÑÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¿Ð¾ ÑÐºÐ°Ð·Ð°Ð½Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ Ð´Ð¸ÑÑÐ¸Ð¿Ð»Ð¸Ð½Ðµ ÑÑÑÐ´ÐµÐ½ÑÐ¾Ð² Ð¼Ð°Ð³Ð¸ÑÑÑÐ°ÑÑÑÑ Ð¿ÐµÐ´Ð°Ð³Ð¾Ð³Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ñ Ð½Ð°Ð¿ÑÐ°Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ð¹.
description: The manual on the discipline âHistory and modern aspects of pedagogical scienceâ includes lecture notes in English, vocabulary exercises, assignments for preparing presentations and writing essays. The manual also includes sample versions of tests, exam questions, a list of topics for essays, reference materials on the history of pedagogy, a glossary of pedagogical terms. The manual is intended for practical classes in this discipline for the students of the masterâs degree in pedagogy.
title: Palladium-catalysed synthesis of sulfoxonium ylides
Creators: name: Janot, Christopher
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2020

description: The chemistry of stabilised sulfoxonium ylides in the presence of transition metals has gained in interest over the past few years because of their improved safety profile as compared to their diazo counterparts. However, no general method is available to access α-aryl disubstituted derivatives, limiting the scope of those reactions. This thesis highlights the work done towards the palladium-catalysed synthesis of α-aryl-α-carbonyl sulfoxonium ylides. It includes a thorough review of the literature related to the metal-catalysed reactions with stabilised sulfoxonium ylide in Chapter 1. Chapters 2 and 3 describe the arylation of α-ester and α-keto sulfoxonium ylides, respectively, as well as their use for the formation of C−N and C−S bonds. An experimental study of the mechanism for the reactions with the α-keto derivatives is also detailed demonstrating a different mechanism as compared to when the reaction is carried out with the diazo equivalents.
Entanglement-Saving Channels
Creators: name: Lami, Ludovico
name: Giovannetti, Vittorio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The set of Entanglement Saving (ES) quantum channels is introduced and characterized. These are completely positive, trace preserving transformations which when acting locally on a bipartite quantum system initially prepared into a maximally entangled configuration, preserve its entanglement even when applied an arbitrary number of times. In other words, a quantum channel $ψ$ is said to be ES if its powers $ψ^n$ are not entanglement-breaking for all integers $n$. We also characterize the properties of the Asymptotic Entanglement Saving (AES) maps. These form a proper subset of the ES channels that is constituted by those maps which, not only preserve entanglement for all finite $n$, but which also sustain an explicitly not null level of entanglement in the asymptotic limit~$n\rightarrow \infty$. Structure theorems are provided for ES and for AES maps which yield an almost complete characterization of the former and a full characterization of the latter.
description: 26 pages
title: THE DARK SIDE OF ECOSYSTEM ORCHESTRATION: AN EMPIRICAL INVESTIGATION OF BUILDING INFORMATION MANAGEMENT IN THE DIGITAL BUILT ENVIRONMENT SECTOR
Creators: name: Aksenova, Gulnaz
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2020

description: Ecosystem strategies have increased in importance as a powerful means by which competing interdependent organisations cooperate to create innovation that no single firm can match. As such, nowadays, scholars, practitioners and policy makers actively search for mechanisms to enable ecosystem emergence and orchestration. Prior research has generally examined strategies of established long-lived successful ecosystems in which ecosystem orchestrators take different approaches (closed-system and open-system) to ecosystem orchestration. Less is known about failed ecosystems and the failure of ecosystem emergence in mature sectors. This thesis addresses this gap through three linked empirical studies set in the digital built environment (DBE) sector. The first is an inductive single-case study of failed open-system orchestration set in the national Building Information Management (BIM) programmes in Finland over the period from 1982 to 2002. The second is an inductive single-case study of a failed closed-system orchestration process led by a software vendor in the northern Californian DBE sector. Despite the significant differences in orchestration processes and contexts between the first and the second study, analysis of these cases indicated very similar results, namely the intentional preservation of the status quo by the sector and a failure in business model innovation, which indicates the importance of the nature of context. This led to the third study that inductively examined the contexts of the Finnish and northern III Californian DBE sectors and their importance for ecosystem orchestration. The failure of the DBE sector is further contrasted with successful ecosystems to articulate the critical constructs and components for ecosystem orchestration. Together, the empirical studies of this thesis offer theory regarding why and how ecosystems fail. Overall, this research contributes to the literature on strategy and organisation theory and sets the stage for ongoing discussions on the dark side of interorganisational relations.
BARRIERS TO IMPLEMENTING SUSTAINABLE TOURISM POLICY IN MASS TOURISM DESTINATIONS
Creators: name: Dodds, Rachell
name: Butler, Richard
Publisher: name: tourismos
Year: 2010

description: The focus of this paper is on identifying the barriers to successful implementation of sustainable tourism policy. The research used exploratory and descriptive approaches to identify barriers from the literature as well as field research to determine perceived barriers from key respondents in two specific locations in the Mediterranean- Malta and Calviá. The research found that although respondents were aware of sustainable tourism, the individual advantage from exploiting shared pooled or shared resources is often perceived as being greater than the potential long-term shared losses that result from the deterioration of such resources, which means that there is little motivation for individual actors (whether governments, elected officials, or individual operators), to invest or engage in protection or conservation for more sustainable tourism.
description: tourismos, Vol. 5 No. 1 (2010)
title: Solving the Challenges of Creating a Practical Anonymous Communication System
Creators: name: Molitor, Thilo
Publisher: name: UNSPECIFIED
Year: 2023

description: Peer to Peer (P2P) Netzwerke sind dezentrale Netzwerke, bei denen jeder Teilnehmer gleiche oder zumindest ähnliche Rollen und Funktionen übernehmen. Solche P2P Netzwerke werden meistens als Overlay auf einem anderen Netzwerk realisiert (beispielsweise dem Internet). Zwei im P2P Netzwerk benachbarte – also direkt miteinander verbundene – Knoten können im darunterliegenden Netzwerk, dem Underlay, weit voneinander entfernt und nur über mehrere Zwischenschritte verbunden sein. Sind in einem solchen P2P Netzwerk nicht alle Knoten mit jeweils allen anderen Knoten verbunden (full mesh network), so muss das Routing im Overlay stattfinden, damit Nachrichten über potentielle Zwischenknoten weitergeleitet werden und ihr endgültiges Ziel erreichen können. Soll das P2P Netzwerk auch noch anonym sein, so stellt das bestimmte Anforderungen an diesen Rou- tingalgorithmus. Zwei neuartige bisher nur simulativ evaluierte Routingalgorithmen für P2P basiertes Publish-Subscribe sollen in dieser Arbeit daher erstmals in einem Forschungsprototypen implementiert und auf ihre Praxistauglichkeit untersucht werden. Das hashkettenbasierte Routing [vgl. 1] und die Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) [vgl. 2] werden dabei dem traditionellen Gossiping und Randomwalk gegenübergestellt. Angereichert wird das Routing dabei durch die Implementierung weiterer ebenfalls bisher nur simulativ getesteter neuartiger Anonymisierungstechniken, die die Anonymität im gesamten P2P Netzwerk auch gegen globale Angreifer absichern sollen. Für alle Routingalgorithmen wurde hierfür Probabilistic Forwarding (PF) und Cover Traffix in fixen Untergruppen implementiert, die von Dauber et al. vorgeschlagene Methode namens Shell Game (SG) [vgl. 1, S. 47f] ist dagegen leider nicht praxistauglich und wurde daher auch nicht implementiert.