cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
DIFFERENTIAL MODULATION OF SENSORIMOTOR AND NON-SENSORIMOTOR NETWORKS WITH CEREBELLAR TDCS
Creators: name: Rice, Laura C.
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 52
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: The human cerebellum is thought to contribute to both sensorimotor and non-sensorimotor functions, and functional subregions of the cerebellum exist based on regional differences in anatomical connectivity with the cerebral cortex and spinal and vestibular systems. It has been argued that cerebellar subregions modulate different cerebro-cerebellar circuits, impacting a wide range of behaviors. We aimed to determine the effect of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) targeting different cerebellar subregions on behavior and whole-brain functional connectivity patterns. Forty-seven healthy young adults (17 males, 30 females; 23.2 ± 2.4 years) completed a resting-state scan and language task both before and after 20min of 1.5mA anodal (excitatory) tDCS in the MRI scanner. Eleven participants received tDCS targeting the sensorimotor cerebellum (3cm lateral to right of inion); cognitive cerebellar regions were targeted in n=20 (4cm to right of inion); and 16 participants received sham tDCS. We compared electric field (EF) models, behavioral performance on a language task (sentence completion task), and functional connectivity between the groups to evaluate the behavioral and neural changes resulting from regional cerebellar neuromodulation. The EF models revealed distinct peak coordinates for the sensorimotor and cognitive electrode montages, with some overlap between the EFs produced by the two active cerebellar stimulation sites. Behaviorally, tDCS targeting the cognitive cerebellum improved accuracy and response times on the sentence completion task, whereas targeting the sensorimotor cerebellum impaired task accuracy. Resting state functional connectivity results suggested differential modulation of broader cerebro-cerebellar circuits with the sensorimotor vs. cognitive electrode montages. Anterior and posterior cerebellar networks were differentially modulated via tDCS, whereby targeting the sensorimotor cerebellum increased functional connectivity within the anterior cerebro-cerebellar network while targeting the cognitive cerebellum increased functional connectivity within posterior cerebro-cerebellar networks. These findings confirm that cerebellar subregions can be differentially modulated with tDCS, though additional analyses suggested that the specificity is limited to supra-lobule levels with the electrode montages used here. Because cerebellar modulation could have broad clinical applications, future work will determine whether and how we can improve selective targeting of specific cerebro-cerebellar circuits.
The relationship between the Wigner-Weyl kinetic formalism and the complex geometrical optics method
Creators: name: Maj, Omar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The relationship between two different asymptotic techniques developed in order to describe the propagation of waves beyond the standard geometrical optics approximation, namely, the Wigner-Weyl kinetic formalism and the complex geometrical optics method, is addressed. More specifically, a solution of the wave kinetic equation, relevant to the Wigner-Weyl formalism, is obtained which yields the same wavefield intensity as the complex geometrical optics method. Such a relationship is also discussed on the basis of the analytical solution of the wave kinetic equation specific to Gaussian beams of electromagnetic waves propagating in a ``lens-like'' medium for which the complex geometrical optics solution is already available.
description: Extended version comprising two new sections
Treatment of disorder effects in X-ray absorption spectra beyond the conventional approach
Creators: name: Kuzmin, A.
name: Timoshenko, J.
name: Kalinko, A.
name: Jonane, I.
name: Anspoks, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The contribution of static and thermal disorder is one of the largest challenges for the accurate determination of the atomic structure from the extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS). Although there are a number of generally accepted approaches to solve this problem, which are widely used in the EXAFS data analysis, they often provide less accurate results when applied to outer coordination shells around the absorbing atom. In this case, the advanced techniques based on the molecular dynamics and reverse Monte Carlo simulations are known to be more appropriate: their strengths and weaknesses are reviewed here.
Additional file 11 of Antimicrobial peptide and sequence variation along a latitudinal gradient in two anurans
Creators: name: Cortázar-Chinarro, Maria
name: Meyer-Lucht, Yvonne
name: Valk, Tom Van Der
name: Richter-Boix, Alex
name: Laurila, Anssi
name: Höglund, Jacob
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology

description: Additional file 11: Figure 9. Minimum Spanning Network representing Temporin nucleotide variants in R.temporaria. Every circle represents one single indvidual. Populations within regions along the gradient are represented with the same colour.
Kaonic Hydrogen and Deuterium in Hamiltonian Effective Field Theory
Creators: name: Liu, Zhan-Wei
name: Wu, Jia-Jun
name: Leinweber, Derek B.
name: Thomas, Anthony W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The anti-kaon nucleon scattering lengths resulting from a Hamiltonian effective field theory analysis of experimental data and lattice QCD studies are presented. The same Hamiltonian is then used to compute the scattering length for the $K^- d$ system, taking careful account of the effects of recoil on the energy at which the $\bar{K}N$ T-matrices are evaluated. These results are then used to estimate the shift and width of the $1S$ levels of anti-kaonic hydrogen and deuterium. The $K^- p$ result is in excellent agreement with the SIDDHARTA measurement. In the $K^- d$ case the imaginary part of the scattering length and consequently the width of the $1S$ state are considerably larger than found in earlier work. This is a consequence of the effect of recoil on the energy of the $\bar{K}N$ energy, which enhances the role of the $Λ(1405)$ resonance.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures, published version
Additional file 4 of The stringent response regulator (p) ppGpp mediates virulence gene expression and survival in Erwinia amylovora
Creators: name: Ho-Wen Yang
name: Menghao Yu
name: Lee, Jae Hoon
name: Tiyakhon Chatnaparat
name: Zhao, Youfu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 4: Table S3. Primers for qRT-PCR used in this study.
Additional file 2 of A role for α-Synuclein in axon growth and its implications in corticostriatal glutamatergic plasticity in Parkinson’s disease
Creators: name: Schechter, Meir
name: Grigoletto, Jessica
name: Suaad Abd-Elhadi
name: Glickstein, Hava
name: Friedman, Alexander
name: Geidy E. Serrano
name: Beach, Thomas G.
name: Sharon, Ronit
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Additional file 2 Supplementary Fig. S1. α-Syn expression enhances axonal growth in primary hippocampal, mesencephalic and cortical neurons. A. Primary hippocampal cultures from α-Syn−/− (C57BL/6JOlaHsd) mouse brains, virally transduced either with WT α-Syn, A53T α-Syn, K10,12E α-Syn, or a mock-GFP vector. Cells were fixed at 4 DIV and immunoreacted with antibodies against α-Syn (MJFR1, green), α-tubulin (white) and PI4,5P2 (red). Direct fluorescence was captured for GFP (green). Bar = 25 μm. B. Graph showing the average length of the main extension designated as axons (in μm); C. Total length of collaterals per axon (in μm); and D. PI4,5P2 levels within the main axon and its collaterals (per μm2 area) quantified by Fiji (Image J) program. Mean ± SE; n > 17 cells; *, P 15 cells; *, P 20 cells; *, P
Additional file 10 of Antimicrobial peptide and sequence variation along a latitudinal gradient in two anurans
Creators: name: Cortázar-Chinarro, Maria
name: Meyer-Lucht, Yvonne
name: Valk, Tom Van Der
name: Richter-Boix, Alex
name: Laurila, Anssi
name: Höglund, Jacob
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology

description: Additional file 10: Figure 8. Minimum Spanning Network representing Temporin nucleotide variants in R.arvalis. Every circle represents one single individual. Populations within regions along the gradient are represented with the same colour.
Anderson localization in strongly coupled disordered electron-phonon systems
Creators: name: Bronold, Franz X.
name: Alvermann, Andreas
name: Fehske, Holger
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on the statistical dynamical mean field theory, we investigate, in a generic model for a strongly coupled disordered electron-phonon system, the competition between polaron formation and Anderson localization. The statistical dynamical mean field approximation maps the lattice problem to an ensemble of self-consistently embedded impurity problems. It is a probabilistic approach, focusing on the distribution instead of the average values for observables of interest. We solve the self-consistent equations of the theory with a Monte-Carlo sampling technique, representing distributions for random variables by random samples, and discuss various ways to determine mobility edges from the random sample for the local Green function. Specifically, we give, as a function of the `polaron parameters', such as adiabaticity and electron-phonon coupling constants, a detailed discussion of the localization properties of a single polaron, using a bare electron as a reference system.
description: 24 pages, 14 figures, 1 table
Pteris orbiculata Houtt.
Creators: name: Wijnands, Dirk Onno
name: Heniger, Johannes
name: Veldkamp, Jan Frederik
name: Fumeaux, Nicolas
name: Callmander, Martin W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Polypodiopsida
Polypodiales
Pteridaceae
Pteris
Pteris orbiculata

description: 92. Pteris orbiculata Houtt.,
Nat. Hist. II(14): Aanwyz. Plaat.[1], 108, tab. 96, fig. 3. 1783.
Lectotypus (designated here by Callmander): SOUTH AFRICA: Cape, Auge s.n. [?] (G-PREL [G00818088]!).
Notes. – The single specimen representing original material is in the Cape herbarium in G-PREL. It is designated here as the lectotype.
description: Published as part of Wijnands, Dirk Onno, Heniger, Johannes, Veldkamp, Jan Frederik, Fumeaux, Nicolas & Callmander, Martin W., 2017, The botanical legacy of Martinus Houttuyn (1720 - 1798) in Geneva, pp. 155-198 in Candollea 72 (1) on page 187, DOI: 10.15553/c2017v721a11, http://zenodo.org/record/5721887
Optimal quantum phase estimation with generalized multi-component Schrodinger cat states
Creators: name: Lee, Seung-Woo
name: Lee, Su-Yong
name: Kim, Jaewan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we are interested in detecting the presence of a nearby phase-sensitive object, where traveling light works out under a low-photon loss rate. Here we investigate the optimal quantum phase estimation with generalized multi-component Schrodinger cat states. In addition, we show the optimal conditions of the generalized multi-component cat states for the phase estimation in a lossless scenario. We then demonstrate that the generalized multi-component cat states can beat the performances of the NOON and two-mode squeezed vacuum states in the presence of small loss, while maintaining the quantum advantage over the standard quantum limit, attainable by coherent states. Finally, we propose a generation scheme of the entangled multi-component cat states with current or near-term optical technologies.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
Radermachia integra Thunb.
Creators: name: Wijnands, Dirk Onno
name: Heniger, Johannes
name: Veldkamp, Jan Frederik
name: Fumeaux, Nicolas
name: Callmander, Martin W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Rosales
Moraceae
Radermachia
Radermachia integra

description: 93. Radermachia integra Thunb.,
Kongl. Vetensk. Acad. Handl. 37: 254. 1776.
≡ Artocarpus integra (Thunb.) Merr., Interpr. Herb. Amboin.: 190. 1917.
Lectotypus (designated by CORNER, 1939: 70): INDONESIA. Java: Thunbe rg s.n. (U P S -T H U N B 21664 [parts a and b] image seen; isolecto-: G-PREL [G00818144]!, L-908.185-852!, L-908.185-883!).
Notes. – The genus Radermachia Thunb. published by THUNBERG (1776: 251) is now accepted under the name Artocarpus J.R. Forst. & G. Forst. Radermachia was published with no type species designated and the lectotype is designated here by Veldkamp: Radermachia incisa Thunb. (≡ Artocarpus altilis (Parkinson) Fosberg). Original material of Radermachia incisa is in Houttuyn’s Java herbarium in G-PREL [G00818146].
Two duplicates of R. integra are present in L in the Java herbarium (L-908.185-852 and L-908.185-883). The first one is annotated by Thunberg as “ Radermachia integra Thunb. ” Both are labelled as isotypes by Jarrett (I.1956) and identified as Artocarpus integra. A duplicate is also present in Houttuyn’s Java herbarium in G-PREL.
description: Published as part of Wijnands, Dirk Onno, Heniger, Johannes, Veldkamp, Jan Frederik, Fumeaux, Nicolas & Callmander, Martin W., 2017, The botanical legacy of Martinus Houttuyn (1720 - 1798) in Geneva, pp. 155-198 in Candollea 72 (1) on page 187, DOI: 10.15553/c2017v721a11, http://zenodo.org/record/5721887
Monopoles, Duality, and String Theory
Creators: name: Polchinski, Joseph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dirac showed that the existence of magnetic monopoles would imply quantization of electric charge. I discuss the converse, and propose two `principles of completeness' which I illustrate with various examples.
description: Presented at the Dirac Centennial Symposium, Tallahassee, Dec. 6-7, 2002
EqualizeIR: Mitigating Linguistic Biases in Retrieval Models
Creators: name: Cheng, Jiali
name: Amiri, Hadi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This study finds that existing information retrieval (IR) models show significant biases based on the linguistic complexity of input queries, performing well on linguistically simpler (or more complex) queries while underperforming on linguistically more complex (or simpler) queries. To address this issue, we propose EqualizeIR, a framework to mitigate linguistic biases in IR models. EqualizeIR uses a linguistically biased weak learner to capture linguistic biases in IR datasets and then trains a robust model by regularizing and refining its predictions using the biased weak learner. This approach effectively prevents the robust model from overfitting to specific linguistic patterns in data. We propose four approaches for developing linguistically-biased models. Extensive experiments on several datasets show that our method reduces performance disparities across linguistically simple and complex queries, while improving overall retrieval performance.
description: NAACL 2025
Museums, Native American Representation, and the Public: The Role of Museum Anthropology in Public History, 1875-1925
Creators: name: Sowry, Nathan
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 4302
subject: Heritage, archive and museum studies
classificationCode: 4303
subject: Historical studies
classificationCode: 4401
subject: Anthropology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Surveying the most influential U.S. museums and World’s Fairs at the turn of the twentieth century, this study traces the rise and professionalization of museum anthropology during the period now referred to as the Golden Age of American Anthropology, 1875-1925. Specifically, this work examines the lives and contributions of the leading anthropologists and Native collaborators employed at these museums, and charts how these individuals explained, enriched, and complicated the public’s understanding of Native American cultures. Confronting the notion of anthropologists as either “good” or “bad,” this study shows that the reality on the ground was much messier and more nuanced. Further, by an in-depth examination of the lives of a host of Native collaborators who chose to work with anthropologists in documenting the tangible and intangible cultural heritage materials of Native American communities, this study complicates the idea that anthropologists were the sole creators of representations of American Indians prevalent in museum exhibitions, lectures, and publications. In this way, this work attempts to return some of the humanity and individuality to many of the forgotten players in American anthropology’s early years, while also revealing some of the power dynamics involved. Regardless of their sympathy for the hardships suffered by Native American communities, nearly all of the anthropologists portrayed herein ascribed to the common belief that American Indians were a vanishing people, doomed to assimilate to American society or disappear. At the same time, anthropologists also depicted American Indians as existing in an ethnographic present, frozen in time, and thus beyond the bounds of modern society. This study argues that due in part to such anthropological portrayals in museums and World’s Fairs, large numbers of the mainstream public chose to willfully ignore the suffering and marginalization of Native Americans as the federal government corralled them onto reservations, compelled them to attend Indian Boarding Schools, and forced them to abandon their cultures.
Additional file 1 of A role for α-Synuclein in axon growth and its implications in corticostriatal glutamatergic plasticity in Parkinson’s disease
Creators: name: Schechter, Meir
name: Grigoletto, Jessica
name: Suaad Abd-Elhadi
name: Glickstein, Hava
name: Friedman, Alexander
name: Geidy E. Serrano
name: Beach, Thomas G.
name: Sharon, Ronit
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Additional file 1. Table S1. Post mortem human brains. Table S2. list of antibodies.
Surface jets and internal mixing during the coalescence of impacting and sessile droplets
Creators: name: Sykes, Thomas C.
name: Castrejón-Pita, Alfonso A.
name: Castrejón-Pita, J. Rafael
name: Harbottle, David
name: Khatir, Zinedine
name: Thompson, Harvey M.
name: Wilson, Mark C. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The internal dynamics during the coalescence of a sessile droplet and a subsequently deposited impacting droplet, with either identical or distinct surface tension, is studied experimentally in the regime where surface tension is dominant. Two color high-speed cameras are used to capture the rapid internal flows and associated mixing from both side and bottom views simultaneously by adding an inert dye to the impacting droplet. Given sufficient lateral separation between droplets of identical surface tension, a robust surface jet is identified on top of the coalesced droplet. Image processing shows this jet is the result of a surface flow caused by the impact inertia and an immobile contact line. By introducing surface tension differences between the coalescing droplets, the surface jet can be either enhanced or suppressed via a Marangoni flow. The influence of the initial droplet configuration and relative surface tension on the long-term dynamics and mixing efficiency, plus the implications for emerging applications such as reactive inkjet printing, are also considered.
description: 18 pages, 9 figures
Pascal's Theorem and Quantum Deformation
Creators: name: Leitenberger, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 13A50, 17B37

description: By a transfer principle Pascal's Theorem is equivalent to a theorem about point pairs on the real line. It appears that Pascal's Theorem is equivalent to the vanishing of a common invariant of six quadratic forms. Using the q-deformed invariant theory of \cite{L} we construct corresponding quantum invariants by a computer calculation.
description: 6 pages
Recent progress in high pressure X-ray absorption spectroscopy studies at the ODE beamline
Creators: name: Nataf, L.
name: Baudelet, F.
name: Polian, A.
name: Jonane, I.
name: Anspoks, A.
name: Kuzmin, A.
name: Irifune, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High pressure energy-dispersive X-ray absorption spectroscopy is a valuable structural technique, especially, when combined with a nano-polycrystalline diamond anvil cell. Here we present recent results obtained using the dispersive setup of the ODE beamline at SOLEIL synchrotron. The effect of pressure and temperature on the X-ray induced photoreduction is discussed on the example of nanocrystalline CuO. The possibility to follow local environment changes during pressure-induced phase transitions is demonstrated for alpha-MoO3 based on the reverse Monte Carlo simulations.
Museums, Native American Representation, and the Public: The Role of Museum Anthropology in Public History, 1875-1925
Creators: name: Sowry, Nathan
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Surveying the most influential U.S. museums and World’s Fairs at the turn of the twentieth century, this study traces the rise and professionalization of museum anthropology during the period now referred to as the Golden Age of American Anthropology, 1875-1925. Specifically, this work examines the lives and contributions of the leading anthropologists and Native collaborators employed at these museums, and charts how these individuals explained, enriched, and complicated the public’s understanding of Native American cultures. Confronting the notion of anthropologists as either “good” or “bad,” this study shows that the reality on the ground was much messier and more nuanced. Further, by an in-depth examination of the lives of a host of Native collaborators who chose to work with anthropologists in documenting the tangible and intangible cultural heritage materials of Native American communities, this study complicates the idea that anthropologists were the sole creators of representations of American Indians prevalent in museum exhibitions, lectures, and publications. In this way, this work attempts to return some of the humanity and individuality to many of the forgotten players in American anthropology’s early years, while also revealing some of the power dynamics involved. Regardless of their sympathy for the hardships suffered by Native American communities, nearly all of the anthropologists portrayed herein ascribed to the common belief that American Indians were a vanishing people, doomed to assimilate to American society or disappear. At the same time, anthropologists also depicted American Indians as existing in an ethnographic present, frozen in time, and thus beyond the bounds of modern society. This study argues that due in part to such anthropological portrayals in museums and World’s Fairs, large numbers of the mainstream public chose to willfully ignore the suffering and marginalization of Native Americans as the federal government corralled them onto reservations, compelled them to attend Indian Boarding Schools, and forced them to abandon their cultures.
The changing-type SN 2014C may come from an 11-$M_\odot$ star stripped by binary interaction and violent eruption
Creators: name: Sun, Ning-Chen
name: Maund, Justyn R.
name: Crowther, Paul A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: SN 2014C was an unprecedented supernova (SN) that displayed a metamorphosis from Type Ib to Type IIn over $\sim$200 days. This transformation is consistent with a helium star having exploded in a cavity surrounded by a dense shell of the progenitor's stripped hydrogen envelope. For at least 5 years post-explosion, the ejecta continued to interact with an outer, extended component of circumstellar medium (CSM) that was ejected even before the dense shell. It is still unclear, however, what kind of progenitor could have undergone such a complicated mass-loss history before it produced this peculiar SN. In this paper, we report a new analysis of SN 2014C's host star cluster based on data from the Hubble Space Telescope (HST). By carefully fitting its spectral energy distribution (SED), we derive a precise cluster age of 20.0$^{+3.5}_{-2.6}$ Myr, which corresponds to the progenitor's lifetime assuming coevolution. Combined with binary stellar evolution models, we find that SN 2014C's progenitor may have been an $\sim$11-$M_\odot$ star in a relatively wide binary system. The progenitor's envelope was partially stripped by Case C or Case BC mass transfer via binary interaction, followed by a violent eruption that ejected the last hydrogen layer before terminal explosion. Thus, SN 2014C, in common with SNe 2006jc and 2015G, may be a third example that violent eruptions, with mass-loss rates matching luminous blue variable (LBV) giant eruptions, can also occur in much lower-mass massive stars if their envelopes are partially or completely stripped in interacting binaries.
description: 19 pages, 13 figures, minor revision, accepted for publication in MNRAS
The dependence of dijet production on photon virtuality in ep collisions at HERA
Creators: name: ZEUS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dependence of dijet production on the virtuality of the exchanged photon, Q^2, has been studied by measuring dijet cross sections in the range 0 < Q^2 < 2000 GeV^2 with the ZEUS detector at HERA using an integrated luminosity of 38.6 pb^-1. Dijet cross sections were measured for jets with transverse energy E_T^jet > 7.5 and 6.5 GeV and pseudorapidities in the photon-proton centre-of-mass frame in the range -3 < eta^jet <0. The variable xg^obs, a measure of the photon momentum entering the hard process, was used to enhance the sensitivity of the measurement to the photon structure. The Q^2 dependence of the ratio of low- to high-xg^obs events was measured. Next-to-leading-order QCD predictions were found to generally underestimate the low-xg^obs contribution relative to that at high xg^obs. Monte Carlo models based on leading-logarithmic parton-showers, using a partonic structure for the photon which falls smoothly with increasing Q^2, provide a qualitative description of the data.
description: 35 pages, 6 eps figures, submitted to Eur.Phys.J.C
ATLAS Deliverable 7.6: Policy brief "Influence of valuations of ecosystem goods and services on Atlantic marine spatial planning"
Creators: name: Tinch, R
name: Armstrong, C
name: Grehan, A
name: Foley, N
name: Yeboah, IA
name: Hynes, S
name: Callery, O
name: Johnson, D
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: Executive Summary
 • The identification of services, in particular their values and conflict areas, is important for marine/
 maritime spatial planning (MSP).
 • Monetary valuation for improving decision making is promoted by global and EU policies.
 • Ecosystem valuation should be an integral part of marine management decision models and can
 encourage investment and Blue Growth.
 • Valuation could have additional specific uses in deep-sea contexts where governance structures are
 weak or incomplete.
 • Changes in well-being for different stakeholder groups, as expressed by economic valuation, can
 feed into MSP.
 • The EU ATLAS project has undertaken a spatial assessment of the relative values of 12 ecosystem
 services in selected case study areas.
WORKING MEMORY CAPACITY: HOW COGNITIVE ABILITIES INFLUENCE POST-MESSAGE ATTITUDES IN AN ADVERTISING CONTEXT
Creators: name: Mankute, Adria
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Working memory capacity (WMC) reflects natural variability in individuals’ ability to maintain attention on a goal state or task in the face of interference from non-task relevant stimuli. Individuals with a lower-WMC experience higher rates of mind-wandering and increased fluctuations in task engagement, when compared to higher-WMC individuals. Although the use of cognitive theories is common to explain the processes that underlie advertising effects, research focused on how cognitive abilities, such as working memory capacity, impact the processing and outcomes of persuasive communications remains scant. The current study uses a classic consumer behavior framework to assess advertising outcomes, such as brand attitude, as a result of exposure to a persuasive communication; additionally, I include a pupillometry analysis that provides additional considerations on differences between higher- vs lower-capacity individuals. The results indicate that the interaction between brand name placement (first or last in a commercial) and working memory capacity on brand attitudes was marginally significant. The pattern of effects is such that for lower-WMC individuals, brand attitudes were most favorable when the brand name was revealed at the beginning of a commercial; while, brand name placement was not significantly related to brand attitudes for average and higher-WMC individuals. The pupillometry results demonstrate that for higher-WMC individuals, pupil diameter was the largest when the brand name is revealed last, and brand name placement was not related to pupil diameter for average or lower-WMC individuals. While the brand name placement and working memory interaction was significant for pupil diameter, there was no significant interaction for pupil variability. There was, however, a main effect of working memory capacity on pupil variability, such that as working memory capacity increased, pupil variability decreased. This thesis is the first study to show these pupillometry results in an applied context. The discussion presents limitations of the current study and provides considerations for future research.
A new approach to the Rayleigh-Taylor instability
Creators: name: Gebhard, Björn
name: Kolumbán, József J.
name: Székelyhidi, László
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this article we consider the inhomogeneous incompressible Euler equations describing two fluids with different constant densities under the influence of gravity as a differential inclusion. By considering the relaxation of the constitutive laws we formulate a general criterion for the existence of infinitely many weak solutions which reflect the turbulent mixing of the two fluids. Our criterion can be verified in the case that initially the fluids are at rest and separated by a flat interface with the heavier one being above the lighter one - the classical configuration giving rise to the Rayleigh-Taylor instability. We construct specific examples when the Atwood number is in the ultra high range, for which the zone in which the mixing occurs grows quadratically in time.
Additional file 3 of The stringent response regulator (p) ppGpp mediates virulence gene expression and survival in Erwinia amylovora
Creators: name: Ho-Wen Yang
name: Menghao Yu
name: Lee, Jae Hoon
name: Tiyakhon Chatnaparat
name: Zhao, Youfu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 3: Figure S1. Motility of the wild type Ea1189 and the ∆relA/spoT mutant on soft tryptone agar plates (3%) at 28 °C and photographs were taken after 48 h. Fig. S2. Differentially expressed genes negatively regulated by (p) ppGpp. (a) amino acid biosynthesis and degradation. (b) amino acid and peptide transport systems. (c) translation (d) nucleotide metabolism. (e) DNA repair/replication (f) lipid metabolism/cell cycle. White represents mean of expression level (log2CPM), dark blue represents minimal gene expression, and bright red represents maximal gene expression. In the side bar (right), dark green represents lower negative fold change (log2FC), and bright red represents the higher positive log2FC.
WORKING MEMORY CAPACITY: HOW COGNITIVE ABILITIES INFLUENCE POST-MESSAGE ATTITUDES IN AN ADVERTISING CONTEXT
Creators: name: Mankute, Adria
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 52
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
classificationCode: 5204
subject: Cognitive and computational psychology

description: Working memory capacity (WMC) reflects natural variability in individuals’ ability to maintain attention on a goal state or task in the face of interference from non-task relevant stimuli. Individuals with a lower-WMC experience higher rates of mind-wandering and increased fluctuations in task engagement, when compared to higher-WMC individuals. Although the use of cognitive theories is common to explain the processes that underlie advertising effects, research focused on how cognitive abilities, such as working memory capacity, impact the processing and outcomes of persuasive communications remains scant. The current study uses a classic consumer behavior framework to assess advertising outcomes, such as brand attitude, as a result of exposure to a persuasive communication; additionally, I include a pupillometry analysis that provides additional considerations on differences between higher- vs lower-capacity individuals. The results indicate that the interaction between brand name placement (first or last in a commercial) and working memory capacity on brand attitudes was marginally significant. The pattern of effects is such that for lower-WMC individuals, brand attitudes were most favorable when the brand name was revealed at the beginning of a commercial; while, brand name placement was not significantly related to brand attitudes for average and higher-WMC individuals. The pupillometry results demonstrate that for higher-WMC individuals, pupil diameter was the largest when the brand name is revealed last, and brand name placement was not related to pupil diameter for average or lower-WMC individuals. While the brand name placement and working memory interaction was significant for pupil diameter, there was no significant interaction for pupil variability. There was, however, a main effect of working memory capacity on pupil variability, such that as working memory capacity increased, pupil variability decreased. This thesis is the first study to show these pupillometry results in an applied context. The discussion presents limitations of the current study and provides considerations for future research.
CROP LEVEL SUPPLY RESPONSE IN SOUTH AFRICAN I AGRICULTURE: AN ERROR CORRECTION APPROACH
Creators: name: Schimmelpfennig, David
name: Thirtle, Colin
name: Van Zyl, J.
name: Schimmelpfennig, David
name: Thirtle, Colin
name: Van Zyl, J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1996
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Demand and Price Analysis

description: This article investigates South African supply response in agricultural production. It applies time series techniques to explain production planning decisions of the two dominant crops in the summer-rainfall grain area, maize and sorghum. After establishing the time series properties of the variables, cointegration is determined and used as the theoretical foundation for an error correction model (ECM). Maize area planted in the short run or the long run (or both), is found to depend on two sets of variables. One group changes the quantity or supply (area) of maize directly, like own price, the prices of substitutes like sorghum and sunflowers, and complementary intermediate input prices. The other variables change the supply environment, like rainfall, farmer education, R&D and cooperative extension. Sorghum is found to be a secondary crop dominated by expected changes in the maize variables, and the area planted depends simply on intermediate input prices and rainfall over both the short and long run. These results further illustrate the dominance of maize and maize policies in production decisions in the summer-rainfall areas of South Africa.
QCD Light-Cone Sum Rule Estimate of Charming Penguin Contributions in B -> pi pi
Creators: name: Khodjamirian, A.
name: Mannel, Th.
name: Melic, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Employing the QCD light-cone sum rule approach we calculate the B -> pi pi hadronic matrix element of the current-current operator with c quarks in the penguin topology (``charming penguin''). The dominant contribution to the sum rule is due to the c-quark loop at short distances and is of O(alpha_s) with respect to the factorizable B -> pi pi amplitude. The effects of soft gluons are suppressed at least by O(alpha_s m_b^{-2}). Our result indicates that sizable nonperturbative effects generated by charming penguins at finite m_b are absent. The same is valid for the penguin contractions of the current-current operators with light quarks.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures included ; minor corrections
BEEF TRADE PREFERENCES AND INTENSITIES IN THE SOUTHERN AFRICAN CUSTOMS UNION
BEESVLEISHANDELSVOORICEURE EN -INTENSITEITE DIE SUIDER-AFRIKAANSE DOEANE UNTE
Creators: name: Jooste, Andre
name: Van Schalkwyk, Herman
name: Jooste, Andre
name: Van Schalkwyk, Herman
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1996
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Livestock Production/Industries

description: Inter- and intra-industrial beef trade in the Southern African Customs Union (SACU) and between SACU and the rest of the world is investigated by calculating different coefficients. Concentration of imports to and exports from the SACU have increased over time. Changes in intra-regional trade are dominated by the EU. The high level of concentration and intra-regional trade is mainly a result of trade agreements such as Lome. This has led to greater inequality with respect to beef trade. Beef producers in the SACU are vulnerable to changes in EU trade policy. Trade relations between South Africa and Namibia are intense, but not between South Africa and Botswana. Botswana prefers to trade with the rest of the world and specifically the EU. Beef trade with the rest of the world is becoming more important for South Africa, and this must be disturbing to Namibian beef producers. Producers from Botswana and Namibia are very dependent on their market in the EU, which they obtained through the Lome Convention. This situation is however not sustainable and clearly shows the impact of EU policies on the region.
A Quantum Deformation of Invariants of Higher Binary Forms
Creators: name: Leitenberger, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We use the theory of the quantum group $U_q(gl(2,\RR))$ in order to develop a quantum theory of invariants and show a decomposition of invariants into a Gordan-Capelli series. Higher binary forms are introduced on the basis of braided algebras. We define quantised invariants and give basic examples. We show that the symbolic method of Clebsch and Gordan works also in the quantised case. We discuss the deformed discriminant of the quadratic and the cubic form, the deformed invariants $I_1$, $I_2$ of the quartic form and further invariants without a classical analog.
description: 38 pages
Scaling behaviour of a scalar field model of dark matter halos
Creators: name: Fuchs, B.
name: Mielke, E. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Galactic dark matter is modelled by a scalar field. In particular, it is shown that an analytically solvable toy model with a non-linear self-interaction potential U(Phi) leads to dark halo models which have the form of quasi-isothermal spheres. We argue that these fit better the observed rotation curves of galaxies than the centrally cusped halos of standard cold dark matter. The scalar field model predicts a proportionality between the central densities of the dark halos and the inverse of their core radii. We test this prediction successfully against a set of rotation curves of low surface brightness galaxies and nearby bright galaxies.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, accepted to Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc
Predicting Changes In Public Opinion With Twitter: What Social Media Data Can And Can't Tell Us About Opinion Formation
Creators: name: Wirth, Kurt
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: With the advent of social media data, some researchers have claimed it has the potential to revolutionize the measurement of public opinion. Others have pointed to non-generalizable methods and other concerns to suggest that the role of social media data in the field is limited. Likewise, researchers remain split as to whether automated social media accounts, or bots, have the ability to influence conversations larger than those with their direct audiences. This dissertation examines the relationship between public opinion as measured by random sample surveys, Twitter sentiment, and Twitter bot activity. Analyzing Twitter data on two topics, the president and the economy, as well as daily public polling data, this dissertation offers evidence that changes in Twitter sentiment of the president predict changes in public approval of the president fourteen days later. Likewise, it shows that changes in Twitter bot sentiment of both the president and the economy predict changes in overall Twitter sentiment on those topics between one and two days later. The methods also reveal a previously undiscovered phenomenon by which Twitter sentiment on a topic moves counter to polling approval of the topic at a seven-day interval. This dissertation also discusses the theoretical implications of various methods of calculating social media sentiment. Most importantly, its methods were pre-registered so as to maximize the generalizability of its findings and avoid data cherry-picking or overfitting.
Skellam Type Processes of Order K and Beyond
Creators: name: Gupta, Neha
name: Kumar, Arun
name: Leonenko, Nikolai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this article, we introduce Skellam process of order k and its running average. We also discuss the time-changed Skellam process of order k. In particular we discuss space-fractional Skellam process and tempered space-fractional Skellam process via time changes in Poisson process by independent stable subordinator and tempered stable subordinator, respectively. We derive the marginal probabilities, Levy measures, governing difference-differential equations of the introduced processes. Our results generalize Skellam process and running average of Poisson process in several directions.
description: 22 pages, 1 figure
Rajania quinata Thunb. ex Houtt.
Creators: name: Wijnands, Dirk Onno
name: Heniger, Johannes
name: Veldkamp, Jan Frederik
name: Fumeaux, Nicolas
name: Callmander, Martin W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Caryophyllales
Polygonaceae
Rajania
Rajania quinata

description: 94. Rajania quinata Thunb. ex Houtt.,
Nat. Hist. II(11): Aanwyz. Plaat. [3], 366, tab. 75, fig. 1. 1779.
≡ Akebia quinata (Thunb. ex Houtt.) Decne. in Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot. sér. 2, 12: 107. 1839.
Lectotypus (designated here by Callmander & Veldkamp): JAPAN: Thunberg s.n. (G-PREL [G00818075]!; isolecto-: G-PREL [G00818076, G00818077]!, UPS- THUNB n° 23530 and n° 23531 images seen).
Notes. – DECAISNE (1839: 107) based his new combination on “Thunb. Fl. Jap. p. 148”, which should be corrected to Thunberg in MURRAY (1784: 888), but this is still a later homonym of Houttuyn’s name.
The original collection designated here as the lectotype is in the Japan herbarium, collected and annotated by Thunberg. It is not a very good match for the plate. On the same page Houttuyn mentioned Rajania quinquefolia, this name is written on the sheet as well. This is a West Indian species. Isolectotypes are present in the Houttuyn herbarium (G-PREL [G00818076]), the Burman herbarium (G-PREL [G00818077]), and the Thunberg herbarium (UPS-THUNB n° 23530 and n° 23531).
description: Published as part of Wijnands, Dirk Onno, Heniger, Johannes, Veldkamp, Jan Frederik, Fumeaux, Nicolas & Callmander, Martin W., 2017, The botanical legacy of Martinus Houttuyn (1720 - 1798) in Geneva, pp. 155-198 in Candollea 72 (1) on page 187, DOI: 10.15553/c2017v721a11, http://zenodo.org/record/5721887
'N DINAMIESE LINE'eRE PROGRAMMERINGSBEPLANNINGSMODEL VIR GEMENGDE VEE-WEIDING-GRAANBOERDERYE
A DINAMIC LINEAR PROGRAMMING PLANNING MODEL FOR MIXED LIVESTOCK-PASTURE-GRAIN FARMS
Creators: name: Smit, M.
name: Lombard, J. P.
name: Smit, M.
name: Lombard, J. P.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1996
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Livestock Production/Industries
Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: The dinamic linear programming technique can be used as an aid in whole-farm planning. The limited capacity of microcomputers has restricted the development of user-friendly optimizing models and as a result this handy planning method was not commonly used in the South African agricultural sector. The computer revolution has now made it possible to develop a DLP model for microcomputers. The planning horizon of the Optima model on microcomputer is six years and is most suitable for the comprehensive planning of livestock-pasture-grain farms. Assumptions, activities and constraints of such an optimizing model are discussed and the results of different scenarios analysed. The results show that the realistic scenario differs more from the pessimistic scenario and less from the optimistic scenario. The conclusion is that exceptional management is needed during times of lower product prices and yields. During favourable conditions more wheat is planted. This probably indicates wheat to be one of the most profitable crops, but that it is very risky during times of climatic instability.