Cilliba cassidea Hermann 1804
Creators: name: Bloszyk, Jerzy
name: Stachowiak, Marcin
name: Halliday, Bruce
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2006
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Mesostigmata
Urodinychidae
Cilliba
Cilliba cassidea

description: Cilliba cassidea (Hermann, 1804) (Figures 1–8)
Uropoda clavus Haller, 1881: 183.
Discopoma cassidea (Hermann).— Berlese, 1882: 9. Cilliba (Discopoma) cassidea.— Michael, 1894: 307. Cilliba cassidea (Hermann).— Athias­Binche, 1977: 575. Uropoda (Cilliba) cassidea.— Wiśniewski & Hirschmann, 1993: 191; Skorupski & Luxton, 1998:
433.
Material examined. New collections of this species from Spain, France, Great Britain, Ireland, Germany, Poland, and Turkey, and information from the literature were used to determine the distribution of this species in Europe (Fig. 1). Germany: 11 Ψ, 9 ɗ, Karlsruhe, 49°00'00" N, 08°40'00" W, [5 samples, 1980–1982]. France: 26 Ψ, 46 ɗ, Lyon, Belfort, [5 samples, 1978–1980]. Ireland: 11 Ψ, 4 ɗ, Killarney National Park, 52°00'00" N, 09°50'00" W, [3 samples, 1981]. Poland (Fig. 2): 3 Ψ, Szczyrk, CA 50 [2 samples, 1976]; 2 Ψ, 3 ɗ, Świnia Góra Res., DB 85 [1 sample, 1973]; 4 Ψ, 3 ɗ, Bieszczady, FV 16 [1 sample, 1977]; 7 Ψ, 21 ɗ, Przydarlów near Pyrzyce, VU 67,87, [2 samples, 1973]; 1 Ψ, 1 ɗ, Puszcza Bukowa near Szczecin, VV 70, [1 sample, 1973]; 1 Ψ, 3 ɗ, Kolobrzeg, WA 30, [1 sample, 1978]; 43 Ψ, 30 ɗ, 16 deutonymphs, 1 protonymph, Karkonosze Mnts., WS 33,44,52,64, [6 samples, 1973–1976]; 3 Ψ, 2 ɗ, Suliszewo near Drawsko Pomorskie, WV 53, [1 sample, 1978]; 4 Ψ, 4 ɗ, Grzybno near Slawno, XA 0 2, [1 sample, 1978]; 10 Ψ, 3 ɗ, Stolowe Mnts., XR 26, XS 21,23,41 [4 samples, 1970–1976].
Female. Strongly sclerotised, brown.
Dorsal idiosoma (Fig. 3 A). Length 849–1104 m, width 820–1053 m (after Athias­ Binche (1977), Hirschmann & Zirngiebl­Nicol (1969c) and Wiśniewski & Hirschmann (1993)). In material examined, length 849–952 m, mean 902 m, width 820–915 m, mean 868 m, n = 54. Dorsal shield subcircular, with characteristic ornamentation of scattered circular pits in the posterior half. Marginal shield smooth, with numerous lyrifissures (id), completely separated from dorsal shield. Dorsal setae numerous, simple (ca 50 µm long). Submarginal setae simple (ca 20 µm long), marginal setae numerous, very short, hook­like.
Ventral idiosoma (Fig. 3 B) smooth, except for small pits on endopodal shields and anterior part of opisthosoma. Sternal shield with 5 pairs of simple setae; st1 located in front of anterior edge of epigynium, st2–st5 lateral to epigynium. Epigynium tongue­shaped (length 189–231 m, width 120–147 m), covered with numerous small oval pits in the central part. Opisthosoma smooth, except region below epigynium covered with pits. Ventral setae (v1–v5) simple, v1 = v2; setae v4 and v5 located on small mounds. Adanal setae Ad1 very short, Ad2 = 2 x Ad1. Unpaired seta Pa = Ad1. Anal opening small, oval. Peritremes V­shaped, length ca 161 m.
Gnathosoma (Fig. 4) Epistome narrow, laterally serrated. Hypostomal setae h1 very long (ca 76 m), simple; h2 short (ca 19 m), robust, serrated; h3 short (ca 26 m), less robust than h2, distally serrated; h4 short (ca 29 m), curved, robust, laterally serrated. Hypostomal surface covered with fine denticles of various size; denticles grouped in single row at the level of setae h2 and distributed irregularly between setae h3–h4.
Hypostomal groove finely serrated (Fig. 4 A). Ventral setae pv1–pv2 on palp trochanters robust, pv1 ca 26 m long, robust, distally serrated, pv2 ca 16 m long, simple. Chelicerae of average length, fixed digit with globular sensillus and small denticles on the internal surface, movable digit shorter than fixed digit, with single denticle on the internal surface (Fig. 4 C). Tritosternum 6­branched, with broad base, laciniae serrated finely on distal ends (Fig. 4 D).
Legs. Proximal seta ad on leg I in the form of a short, robust process. Dorsal setae on tibia I robust, short. Setae al, pl and distal setae pd on tarsus II–IV serrated.
Male. Strongly sclerotised, brown.
Dorsal idiosoma. Length 849–1095 m, width 830–1007 m (after Athias­Binche (1977), Hirschmann & Zirngiebl­Nicol (1969c) and Wiśniewski & Hirschmann (1993)). In material examined, length 849–934 m, mean 891 m, width 830–905 m, mean 868 m, n = 44. Ornamentation and chaetotaxy as for female.
Ventral idiosoma (Fig. 3 C). Sternal region, endopodal shields and anterior part of opisthosoma ornamented with small circular pits. Operculum oval (76–98 x 49 –64 m), located at a level between coxae III and IV. Sternal setae st1–st3 very short, st4–st5 longer. Three pairs of glands located near setae st3. Ornamentation and chaetotaxy of opisthosoma and peritremes as for female.
Gnathosoma (Fig. 4 B). Epistome as for female. Hypostomal groove finely serrated. Hypostomal setae h1 ca 44 m, simple; h2 ca 12 m, simple; h3 short (4 µm), blunt, rounded; h4 ca 17 m, curved, pinnate laterally and serrated distally.
Legs. Structure and chaetotaxy as for female, except some sexual dimorphism of legs I visible: setae al and pl on trochanter robust, setae al on femur and genu robust, dorsal setae of genu and tibia robust, short. Setae pd and pl on femur III robust. Setae al, pl, ad and pd on legs II–III serrated. Setae pl and pd on tarsus IV serrated.
Deutonymph. Partly sclerotised, colour yellowish to lightly brown.
Dorsal idiosoma (Fig. 5 A). Length 775–993 µm, width 700–885 µm. Dorsal shield subcircular, smooth, marginal shield absent. Anterior end of idiosoma with single cuticular process. Dorsal setae numerous, simple; some of them accompanied by circular pores. Between the setae ca 6 pairs of dorsal lyrifissures (id). Submarginal setae simple. Marginal setae very numerous, short, hook­like.
Ventral idiosoma (Fig. 5 B). Sternal shield amphora­shaped, with distinctly widened base, smooth, extending behind coxae IV, with five pairs of short, simple setae (st1–st5). Two pairs of lyrifissures: iv1 near camerostome, iv2 below setae st5. Ventral shield wide, smooth, with five pairs of simple ventral setae; all setae of equal length. Setae v1, v2 and v5 accompanied by circular pores. One pair of lyrifissures (iv3) located near setae v2. Anal shield triangular, with anal opening covered by a small valve and a pair of very short setae Ad1. Setae Ad2 and Pa on shield surrounding the anus, Ad2 = 2 x Pa. Peritreme long, with characteristic curve at level of coxae II, without poststigmatic extension, prestigmatic section reaching camerostome, stigmata at level of coxae III.
Gnathosoma. Epistome narrow and serrated, distally bifid. Hypostome similar to female. Tritosternum 6­branched, with broad base.
Legs. Structure and chaetotaxy as for female.
Protonymph. Weakly sclerotised, colour white to yellowish.
Dorsal idiosoma (Fig. 6 A). Length 587–640 µm, width 472–550 µm. Podonotal shield pear­shaped, large, smooth. Mesopodal shields small, elongate; mesonotal shields irregular in shape; pygidial shield crescent­shaped; all shields smooth. Setae j3–6 simple, short, inserted on podonotal shield; Z1, J1 and J2 longer, inserted on pleura between podonotal and pygidial shield. Setae j2, z2, z3, s3–6, S1, Z2 and J4 short, positioned submarginally; only J4 on small protuberances. Setae j1, s2, r3–5, R1, R3, S3, S4, Z3, Z4 and J5 long, massive, inserted on protuberances along the margin of the idiosoma, apparently supporting a soft, membranous fringe surrounding the idiosoma. Several idiosomal setae with associated circular pores.
Ventral idiosoma (Fig. 6 B). Weakly sclerotised, smooth. Sternal shield poorly defined, with three pairs of simple sternal setae. Metapodal shields elongate, smooth. Opisthogastric integument with four pairs of simple ventral setae (v1, v3–v5); v1 and v3 anterior to the ventri­anal shield, v4 and v5 lateral to ventri­anal shield. Three pairs of glands open on soft ventral pleura near metapodal shields (gv1, gv2 and gl6). Ventri­anal shield oval, smooth, with anal opening, a pair of setae Ad and an unpaired seta Pa; Ad = ½ Pa. Peritreme short, simple, without poststigmatic section (prestigmatic section straight); stigmata at level of coxae III.
Gnathosoma and legs. Not analysed.
Larva. Unsclerotised, colour whitish.
Dorsal idiosoma (Fig. 7 A). Length ca 476 µm, width ca 344 µm. Anterior end of body with three indistinct cuticular processes. Podonotal shield lanceolate, smooth. Two pairs of sclerites located below the podonotum. Dorsal setae j1–j6 and J2 inserted para­axially; j1 long, recurved, j2–j6 simple, short, located on the podonotum, J2 bifid, inserted on pleura between podonotal and pygidial shields. Setae z2, z3, s4, S1 and Z2 on lateral part of idiosoma; z2, z3 and s4 robust, longer than j ­series setae, inserted on the edge of podonotum, S1 and Z2 positioned on pleura. Setae R1–R3, S4, Z3, Z4, J4 and J5 massive, inserted on protuberances along the margin of the body; all bifid, except S4 and Z4, which are spinose.
Ventral idiosoma (Fig. 7 B). Sternal setae (st1–st3) short, simple. Ventral setae v1 short, simple, located above anal shield, v5 bifid, inserted lateral to anal shield; v1 = 1/3 v5. One pair of ventral glands (gv) located above setae v1. Anal shield with one pair of glands, a pair of adanal setae Ad and unpaired postanal seta Pa; Pa = Ad.
Gnathosoma. As for female, except hypostomal setae h3 and h4 not present, h1 long, serrated, hypostomal denticles and denticulated hypostomal groove blunt (Fig. 8 A). Palp trochanter setae pv1 and pv2 robust, short; pv1 = pv2. Tritosternum 6­branched, with broad base.
Legs (Fig. 8 B). Trochanter I with all setae smooth; tibia I with robust dorsal setae; tarsus I with two proximal postero­dorsal setae robust, serrated laterally, pd2 = 2 pd1. Femur II with all setae smooth; genu and tibia II with setae ad1–ad2 and pd1–pd2 spine­like; tarsus II with setae ad1 and pd1–pd2 robust, pd1 distally serrated; setae v1–v2 robust, and seta pl robust. Tarsus III with all setae robust, al2, ad2 and pl long.
description: Published as part of Bloszyk, Jerzy, Stachowiak, Marcin & Halliday, Bruce, 2006, Two new species of Cilliba von Heyden from Poland, with discussion of the Cilliba cassidea (Hermann) species complex (Acari: Mesostigmata: Uropodina: Cillibidae), pp. 1-45 in Zootaxa 1219 on pages 5-12, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.172506