cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Cardiac Tamponade as The Initial Presentation of Childhood Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Case Report
Creators: name: Bassey, Kevin
name: SamOkpokowuruk, Frances
name: Ebiekpi, Ifunanya Ularinma
name: Etebong, Idorenyin Diana
Publisher: name: Nigerian Medical Journal
Year: 2024

description: Systemic Lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by the proliferation of autoantibodies and immune dysregulation resulting in damage to many body organs. Pediatric SLE usually presents with fever, joint pain, rashes, and lupus nephritis. It is uncommon to have large pericardial effusions in children with SLE and cardiac tamponade as the initial presentation of SLE is even rarer.

An 11-year-old female presented to our Children Emergency Unit with fever and fast breathing for two weeks, bilateral leg swelling of four days, and cough of two days duration. She was acutely ill, tachypneic, and dyspneic with marked orthopnea, bilateral leg edema, and raised JVP. She was tachycardic with a diffuse apex beat. Chest X-ray showed a large globular heart. 2D-Echocardiography showed a large circumferential pericardial effusion with a dilated non-collapsing IVC and diastolic collapse of the right ventricle. She had a pericardiotomy done and 650mls of serous pericardial fluid was drained. The inner pericardium had a fibrinoid exudate with a “bread-and-butter” appearance. Pericardial fluid cytology showed no malignant cells while pericardial biopsy showed suppurative granulomatous inflammation. Antinuclear antibody (ANA) was strongly positive. The patient was managed with corticosteroids, colchicine, and hydroxychloroquine, and has remained stable on follow-up.

While cardiac tamponade as an initial presenting complaint in SLE is rare, it is important that children presenting with large pericardial effusions and tamponade be evaluated for rheumatologic disorders. This can be crucial to revealing the correct diagnosis and instituting appropriate care.
description: Nigerian Medical Journal, Vol. 65 No. 1 (2024): January to February (2024)
Rare Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis: Covert symptoms and Diagnostic Dilemma
Creators: name: Singh, Guddi Rani
name: Sinha, Anila
name: Anushweta
name: Sharma, Richa
name: Saurabh, Kumar
name: Haldar, Debaditya
Publisher: name: Nigerian Medical Journal
Year: 2024

description: Background: Pulmonary tuberculosis may result in haematogenous and lymphatic extension in case of failure of early detection, or immunocompromised status, leading to extrapulmonary tuberculosis. Rare sites of extrapulmonary tuberculosis include the gastrointestinal tract, musculoskeletal system, genital tract, middle ear and pericardium. Histopathological findings of macro-confluent granuloma with or without caseous necrosis, along with detection of acid-fast bacilli (AFB) on Ziehl-Neelsen (ZN) staining, and GeneXpert for detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis DNA, are key in establishing a diagnosis of tuberculosis.

Methodology: Biopsy-proven extrapulmonary granulomatous lesions were included in this study. Histopathological evaluation of all extrapulmonary biopsy specimens sent to the Department of Pathology were done for the presence of granuloma and necrosis, and ZN staining for AFB was done in all the cases of granulomatous lesions with or without the presence of necrosis. The same cases, with biopsy specimens sent in normal saline, were re-evaluated in a molecular laboratory with the help of GeneXpert MTB to detect the DNA of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. All biopsy specimens from extrapulmonary sites which were sent to the Department of Pathology were used for DNA extraction.

Results: Out of the 10 cases of extrapulmonary granulomatous lesions, 8 showed caseous necrosis on microscopy, and 7 showed the presence of acid-fast bacilli on Ziehl-Neelsen staining. GeneXpert detected DNA of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in 9 cases.

Conclusion: Extrapulmonary tuberculosis rarely occurs as primary, and mostly spreads from lung parenchyma via a haematogenous route. Tuberculosis of the gastrointestinal tract, peritoneum, lymph nodes, and solid viscera are together termed abdominal tuberculosis. Entities like tuberculosis of the pericardium and ear are extremely rare. Extrapulmonary tuberculosis should be a differential in cases of chronic non-responding cases with diagnostic dilemmas. To avoid diagnostic delay, in cases of high suspicion, one should go for biopsy along with ZN staining for diagnostic confirmation as this is cost-effective, followed by GeneXpert for Mycobacterium tuberculosis in highly suspected cases with absent caseous necrosis and negative ZN staining.
description: Nigerian Medical Journal, Vol. 65 No. 1 (2024): January to February (2024)
Taxation and Incentives in Private Health Services Delivery in Nigeria: Opinion of Private Health Practitioners
Creators: name: Ijah, Rex Friday Ogoronte A.
name: Ibeabuchi, Okechukwu
name: Onyema, ChinemereJ.
name: Harcourt, Somiari L.
name: Alabi, Ajibola
name: Aaron, Friday E.
Publisher: name: Nigerian Medical Journal
Year: 2024

description: Background: Tax relief and incentives are utilized to encourage the private health sector to provide services that are advantageous to community health. The aim of this study was to explore the issues related to taxes paid, incentives provided, returns on investment, satisfaction with practice, and plans of private health practitioners who were conference attendees in Port Harcourt in 2021.

Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out at two national events in Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria in October, and December 2021, among conference attendees using self-administered questionnaires. Data obtained was analyzed using the IBM Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.0 and presented in tables.

Results: A total of one hundred and sixty-six (166) respondents were involved in the study. One hundred and four (62.7%) respondents believed they experienced multiple taxation from agencies of government. Most respondents paid at least fifty thousand and above as taxes to various levels of government. One hundred and forty-two (85.5%) respondents believed they did not receive any incentive from governments for their private health businesses. Fifty-three (31.9%) were not satisfied, while55 (33.1%) respondents were managing to survive in the business environment.

Conclusion: Private healthcare practitioners in Nigeria experience multiple taxation and a lack of incentives from governments. Dissatisfaction with the return on investment is prevalent. Inclusive health sector reform that will partly reduce the potential for brain drain is therefore needed.
description: Nigerian Medical Journal, Vol. 65 No. 1 (2024): January to February (2024)
Incidence and Determinants of Catheter-Related Bladder Spasms Following Transurethral Resection of the Prostate; A Prospective Review of 80 Cases
Creators: name: Oyelowo, Nasir
name: Sudi, Abdullahi
name: Awaisu, Mudi
name: Tolani, Musliu Adetola
name: Lawal, Ahmad Tijani
name: Ahmed, Muhammed
name: Bello, Ahmad
name: Maitama, Hussaini Yusuf
Publisher: name: Nigerian Medical Journal
Year: 2024

description: .

Background: Bladder spasms due to involuntary contraction of the bladder occur frequently following Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). They may be aggravated by the presence of a catheter, blood clots, preoperative overactive bladder, or preoperative ingestion of bladder stimulants like caffeine. These bladder spams are painful, associated with peri-catheter leakage of urine, increased post-operative bleeding, and often refractory to postoperative analgesia. The incidence and risk factors for the occurrence of bladder spasms following TURP need to be reviewed and validated to ensure adequate patient counseling and possible lifestyle modification before surgery. We conducted a prospective review of the determinants of bladder spasms in our patients following TURP.

Methodology: The study population was patients with benign prostatic obstruction scheduled for TURP between March 2022 and April 2023. Monopolar transurethral resection of the prostate was done using a continuous flow resectoscope. The primary endpoint of the study was occurrences of bladder spasms postoperatively before the trial without a catheter. Pain perception during the spasms was assessed using a visual analog scale. Clinical data were collected and analyzed to determine their association with the occurrence of bladder spasms postoperatively using regression analysis. Sub-group analysis was also done to correlate significant variables with the severity of pain in patients with spasms.

Results: The mean age of the 80 patients reviewed was 66.9 ±8 years. Bladder spasms were seen in 41(51.2%) of the patients. The presence of overactive bladder (OAB) symptoms and the use of bladder stimulants were statistically significant determinants with a p-value of 0.003 and 0.026 respectively. The age of the patient, preoperative indwelling catheter, prostate volume, and resection time were not statistically determinant variables in the occurrence of bladder spasms post-operatively. 61% had severe pains and 39% had mild pains. There was no significant correlation between the presence of OAB or the use of bladder stimulants with the severity of pains in patients with bladder spasms after TURP.

Conclusions: Half of the patients are likely to have bladder spasms after TURP. The risk of having these spasms is higher in patients with preoperative OAB or patients who are exposed to bladder stimulants. The severity of spasms is however independent of these risk factors.
description: Nigerian Medical Journal, Vol. 65 No. 1 (2024): January to February (2024)
Acute Appendicitis Incidence, Diagnostic Markers, and Sequelae; Dallah Hospital-Based Study in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Creators: name: Suliman, Marwa M
name: Raslan, Amira E
name: Salih, Saeda A
name: Soliman, Salah M
name: Abdullah, Salwa S
name: Elnoor, Entesar H
name: Ibrahim, Mohamed B
name: Elnaggar, Ahmed M
name: Badawi, Marwan M
Publisher: name: Nigerian Medical Journal
Year: 2024

description: Background: Acute appendicitis is currently considered one of the most common acute surgical diseases of the abdomen and requires emergency surgery. It is also one of the most common abdominal emergencies in both developed and developing countries. The current study is aimed at assessing the specificity and sensitivity of Ultrasound and Computed Tomography in the diagnosis of appendicitis as well as the prevalence of its complications. The association of appendicitis with several laboratory findings will also be evaluated.

Methodology: A retrospective study was conducted at Dallah-Namar Hospital, Riyadh City, Saudi Arabia.

Results: 720 patients were differentially diagnosed with appendicitis in the study area. Of these, 618 patients had US abdomen/pelvis, with 15 (2.4%) showing positive findings. Amongst the 203 patients noted to have undergone abdominal CT,8 (4.0%) was found to have positive findings.

Conclusion: The sensitivity of the US was determined to be relatively low. Also, serum creatinine was found to be elevated among all patients diagnosed with appendicitis. Further research with a larger sample size is needed to be conducted to further support the current findings.
description: Nigerian Medical Journal, Vol. 65 No. 1 (2024): January to February (2024)
Comparative study of the severity of Covid-19 infection between female and male patients
Creators: name: Imzil, Aboubekr
name: Ouassim Mansoury, Ouassim
name: Oulahbib, Abdelmajid
name: Adarmouch, Latifa
name: Serhane, Hind
Publisher: name: Nigerian Medical Journal
Year: 2024

description: Background: Different studies have identified the prognostic factors of COVID-19 infection. These studies have revealed that COVID-19 infection is more severe in males than in females. The aim of our study was to compare the severity of COVID-19 infection between males and females in terms of clinical, biological, radiological, and evolutionary aspects.

Methodology: This is a cross-sectional observational study conducted in patients hospitalized with COVID-19 infection over a 6-month period from 1 August 2021 to 1 February 2022.

Results: The comparison of clinical, biological, radiological, and evolutionary severity factors of covid-19 infection between the two sexes revealed that this infection was more severe in males. Statistically significant differences were noted for the rate of high dimers (p =0.01) and for lung involvement greater than 25% on chest CT (Computed tomography) (p =0.008).

Conclusion: The severity of covid-19 infection in men is due to biological differences between men and women in the renin-angiotensin system, the immune system, genetics, and sex hormones. Further research into the pathophysiological mechanisms behind this finding is needed.
description: Nigerian Medical Journal, Vol. 65 No. 1 (2024): January to February (2024)
CANDY: Cyberinfrastructure for Accelerating Innovation in Network Dynamics
Creators: name: Das, Sajal
name: Norris, Boyana
name: Bhowmick, Sanjukta
name: Ralph, Peter
name: Frimpong, Samuel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Parallel dynamic network analysis, open source software framework, complex networks

description: The CANDY project's goal is to create the first parallel, scalable, extendable, and user-friendly software platform for updating important properties of dynamic networks and requisite functionalities to modify existing algorithms or create new ones. The main components of the CANDY framework correspond to three steps: (i) Sparsification to identify parts of the network likely to be affected by changes; (ii) Selection to evaluate each change whether it affects the property under consideration; and (iii) Update to apply necessary mechanisms for updating the property. CANDY to be implemented in C++ with MPI (distributed memory), OpenMP (shared memory), and CUDA or OpenCL (GPUs), will provide interfaces at the beginner, intermediate, and advanced levels. Major CANDY infrastructure components include: (1) a novel hierarchical taxonomy of network analysis algorithms that allows for the layered specification of the algorithms based on multiple parameters; (2) efficient methods to implicitly estimate the impact of change on different network properties; (3) innovative application of tree-decomposition methods to develop a generalized template for creating new scalable algorithms for dynamic network analysis; (4) novel evaluation metrics based on the invariant features of network properties, in order to resolve the problem owing to non-uniqueness of results; (5) novel performance metrics that measure the work based on relative the size of the network and the amount of change; and (6) a set of benchmarks from real-world applications and generators, that are representative of the variations in network dynamics.
description: NSF Award Numbers: 2104076, 2104115, and 2104078.
Perceptions and hesitancy towards the COVID-19 vaccination campaign among three vulnerable populations in the Democratic Republic of the Congo: A qualitative study
Creators: name: Bokolo, Michael
name: Mansoori, Adil
name: Mechod, Sarah
Publisher: name: Nigerian Medical Journal
Year: 2024

description: Background:  To deal with COVID-19, vaccination is a strategy adopted by many countries including the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). The first phase of vaccination was conducted in 2021 as part of the country's Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI). To evaluate it, an intra-action review was conducted. It identified a low proportion of vaccinated vulnerable populations, namely health professionals (1.8%), chronically ill (0.09%), and older adults aged ≥ 55 (0.4%). The objective was to explore perceptions and barriers to acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine in the DRC among the vulnerable populations targeted by the EPI.

Methodology: A qualitative study was conducted between September 2021 and June 2022 in Kinshasa, DRC.  Semi-structured focus groups were conducted with each group separately using a single interview guide. It included five categories: socio-demographic information, COVID-19 vaccine status, perceptions towards the COVID-19 vaccination, vaccine hesitancy and perceptions towards the COVID-19 vaccination campaign. 

Results: Three focus groups were conducted. In total, we had 16 participants with eight health professionals, four chronically ill participants, and four older adults. The majority were married (68.7%) and came from urban areas (68.7%). The sex ratio was at 1 and more than one-third had an education level equivalent to a master’s degree (37.5%). Half were vaccinated against the COVID-19 (50.0%). The main perceptions and hesitancy factors were the lack of trust and knowledge of the vaccine's properties, benefits, and risks. Adjustment of the information messages which, according to participants, were not clear and poorly adapted to the needs of each group is the main element to improve the vaccination campaign.

Conclusion: This study represents an important step to improve the COVID-19 vaccination campaign in the DRC. It showed the different barriers to the COVID-19 vaccines acceptance among vulnerable populations.  
description: Nigerian Medical Journal, Vol. 65 No. 1 (2024): January to February (2024)
Application of Whole-Cell Biosensor for the impact of crude oil
      exploration on the Environment of the Niger Delta
Creators: name: Ejenavi, Odafe Erhovwo
Publisher: name: Publisher unspecified
Year: 2018

description: The discovery of crude oil in exportable quantities in Nigeria was greeted
      with overwhelming ovation and high expectations in terms of the wealth
      generation possibilities and economic growth for the region. However, 5
      decades onwards, the Niger-delta terrain and its people have become
      disenchanted with the ills and aggravated impacts of crude-oil discovery
      as a result of unsustainable patterns of its exploitation in Nigeria. The
      inundation of oil spills, accompanying ecological disasters and human
      health risks served to undermine the benefits of huge petroleum resource
      revenues. Nigeria has recorded over 3,324,269.28 million barrels of crude
      oil spills from 12,854 spills incidents as captured since 1976-2011 and
      the polluting process persists as a result of exploration, drilling and
      production activities as well as flagrant disregard for best health,
      safety, security and Environmental practices (HSSE). Even though these
      spills have been blamed on various factors, the fact remains that the
      people and environment of the Niger-delta desperately need state, public
      and private intervention to stem the menace of environmental pollution
      engulfing the region. This research therefore proposes urgent
      rehabilitative measures expedited by the Bio-reporter approach, to enhance
      rapid detection, toxicity and management of spills impacted sites. The
      Bio-reporter method and its success is hinged on its advantages over the
      conventional method entailing rapid detection of genotoxicity, easy
      operations, inexpensiveness and more importantly it provides information
      about bioavailability. It is thus a complementary tool to the chemical
      analysis methods. The novel magnetic bio-reporter device developed with
      the magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) functionalization and also the device on
      Simultaneous and online detection of crude oil contamination via
      biological- phase micro-extraction and bios-sensing (BPME-BS) in the Niger
      Delta environment have been applied with significantly positive results.
      Consequently, the novel magnetic nanoparticle-mediated isolation (MMI)
      technology was tested on Nigerian soils for the separation and
      characterization of functional alkane degraders from
      crude-oil-contaminated sites. Essentially, the new technique’s qualities
      of cost-effectiveness and zero risk of species invasion on the environment
      has become more apparent from extensive experimentation.
Eptesicus tatei Ellerman & Morrison-Scott 1951
Creators: name: Don E. Wilson
name: Russell A. Mittermeier
Publisher: name: Lynx Edicions
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Chiroptera
Vespertilionidae
Eptesicus
Eptesicus tatei

description: 198.
Sombre Serotine
Eptesicus tatei
French: Sérotine de Tate / German: Tate-Breitfliigelfledermaus / Spanish: Eptesicus de Tate
Other common names: Sombre Bat
Taxonomy. Eptesicus tate: Ellerman & Morrison-Scott, 1951,
Darjeeling, India.
Taxonomic status of Epfesicus tater is uncertain, and it has been suggested to be a synonym or subspecies of E. nilsson, although additional samples are needed to confirm this conclusion because distribution of E. tate: is so disconnected from that of E. nilssonii. Eptesicus tater was originally named Nycticeius atratus by E. Blyth in 1863, but this name was preoccupied by Amblyotis atratus by F. Kolenati in 1858 (synonym of E. nilssonii) and was renamed by J. R. Ellerman and T. C. S. Morrison-Scott in 1951. Monotypic.
Distribution. Known only from type locality in NE India (West Bengal).
Descriptive notes. Head—body 48-5 mm,tail 45-9 mm, ear 15-3 mm, forearm 43-4 mm (type specimen). Fur of the Sombre Serotine is long, dense, and described as black throughout, although later descriptions describe it as rich dark brown dorsally and paler ventrally. Ears are oval, with rounded tips, longitudinally folded conch, convex inner margins, slightly hollowed outer margin beneath tips, angular emargination opposite base of tragus, terminating in rounded lobe (with small triangular notch); tragus has small rounded lobe on outer side basally, is expanded above, convex externally and above, and has slightly concave inner margin. Wings attach at bases of toes, and last caudal vertebra is free from uropatagium. Skull characteristics have not been described. I? is very long and slightly bifurcated at extremity, and I° is minute, scarcely rising above level of gum and close to base of T°.
Habitat. Probably temperate forests.
Food and Feeding. No information.
Breeding. No information.
Activity patterns. No information.
Movements, Home range and Social organization. No information.
Status and Conservation. Classified as Data Deficient on The IUCNRed List. The Sombre Serotineis currently known only from three specimens collected in the 1850s in a single locality (only two of them seem to be preserved). Absolutely nothing is known of its ecology and threats, and additional sampling is desperately needed to clarify its status.
Bibliography. Bates & Harrison (1997), Blyth (1863), Ellerman & Morrison-Scott (1951), Kolenati (1858), Mallick (2007), Molur et al. (2016).
description: Published as part of Don E. Wilson & Russell A. Mittermeier, 2019, Vespertilionidae, pp. 716-981 in Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona :Lynx Edicions on page 852, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.6397752
High frequency of co-infection between SARS-CoV-2 and respiratory Adenoviruses in the Pediatric population in Hamadan, Iran
Creators: name: Ali, Nazaridoost
name: Nastaran, Ansari
name: Ali, Teimoori
name: Farid, Azizi Jalilian
Publisher: name: Nigerian Medical Journal
Year: 2024

description: Introduction: The presence of other respiratory pathogens in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection has been described as a striking feature. However, data on adenovirus co-infection rates and clinical impacts in COVID-19 patients is limited. The purpose of this study is to compare the prevalence of respiratory adenoviruses in children under 15 years of age in Positive and Negative SARS-CoV-2 patients.

Methodology: From September 2020 to January 2021, nasopharyngeal swabs were obtained from 280 patients below 15 years old with influenza-like infection symptoms suspected to be COVID-19 and referred to hospitals in Hamadan province. Nucleic acid was extracted using a High Pure Viral Nucleic acid extraction kit for both viral RNA and DNA. Reverse transcription real-time PCR for detecting SARS-CoV-2 and Real-time PCR for Human Adenoviruses were used.

Results: Out of 280 examined samples, 11.7% tested positive for AdV, of which 18 samples originated from the SARS-CoV-2 positive group and 15 samples were from the SARS-CoV-2 negative group. Of 18 co-infected samples, which were categorized in three different ranges of age including, 0-5, 6-10, and 11-15 years old were 11, 4, and 3 patients respectively. Also, 14 patients were hospitalized. Compared with AdV-positive patients, children with Co-infection with SARS CoV-2 had lower levels of white blood cell (WBC) count while erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reaction protein (CRP) had increased levels.

Conclusion: We report a substantial burden of AdV co-infection in pediatric COVID-19 patients. This study revealed most AdV infections lead to hospitalization and change in paraclinical parameters.
description: Nigerian Medical Journal, Vol. 65 No. 1 (2024): January to February (2024)
Assessment of Depressive Symptoms and Sociodemographic Correlates of Adult Patients Attending a National Health Insurance Clinic at a Tertiary Hospital, Southwest Nigeria.
Creators: name: Ogungbemi, Ayodeji Oluwaseun
name: Afolabi, Babatunde Adeola
name: Falade, Joshua
name: Ajayi, Akindele Amos
name: Ajayi, Adeola Olajumoke
name: Adedire, Adejare
name: Falope, Ibukunoluwa Victoria
name: Olayemi, Olanrewaju
name: Afolabi, Adebimpe Ajibola
name: Ogungbemi, Oyinkansola Arin
name: Anjorin, Seun Stephen
Publisher: name: Nigerian Medical Journal
Year: 2024

description: Background: Depression affects individuals across all age groups, genders, and socio-economic backgrounds. Socio-demographic correlates of depression may include factors such as age, gender, education level, income, and marital status. These factors, including the presence of chronic diseases, have been shown to impact the prevalence and severity of depression. 

This study assessed the prevalence of depressive symptoms and its association with socio-demographic correlates and co-morbid chronic medical conditions among adult patients attending a National Health Insurance Clinic of a tertiary health facility in Southwest Nigeria.

Methodology: A hospital-based descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted between April – May 2023 in which 250 consenting adult patients were recruited using a systematic random sampling technique. Respondents’ information on socio-demographic profiles and awareness of co-morbid medical conditions were assessed using semi-structured interviewer-administered questionnaires. Depressive symptoms were determined using the Patient Health Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20. The strength of the association between independent and dependent variables was measured using chi-square and the p-value was set as <0.05.

Results:  The mean age of respondents was 38.96±13.096 years (range: 18-80 years). There were 159 (63.6%) females. The prevalence of depressive symptoms was 44.8%. There was a statistically significant association between age, gender, marital status, monthly income, presence of chronic diseases, and depressive symptoms.

Conclusion: The prevalence of depressive symptoms among adult patients attending the National health insurance clinic was 44.8%. These findings call for health policies to integrate and strengthen mental health in NHIA primary care.
description: Nigerian Medical Journal, Vol. 65 No. 1 (2024): January to February (2024)
Efficacy and safety of combination of poly-ADP-ribose polymerase inhibitor (PARPi) and chemotherapy compared with chemotherapy alone in treatment of recurrent ovarian carcinoma: a systematic review.
Creators: name: Adamu, Shittu Muhammad
name: Oyewole, Olaoye Stephen
name: Kabir, Umar Farouk
Publisher: name: Nigerian Medical Journal
Year: 2024

description: Platinum-based chemotherapy after surgical cytoreduction is the universal treatment for advanced ovarian cancer (OC), however, about eighty percent of patients experienced relapse and progression-free survival remained poor. Patients who relapsed within one year of treatment eventually become resistant to second-line chemotherapy. Poly-ADP-ribose polymerase inhibitors are a novel class of targeted therapy that could overcome these challenges by augmenting the chemotherapeutic activity of other cytotoxic agents. Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINHAL), Cochrane and PubMed databases were searched for potentially relevant primary publications from 2011 to 2022 reporting on efficacy and safety of combination of a PARP inhibitor and chemotherapy versus chemotherapy in recurrent OC and reviewed. The outcomes of interest assessed qualitatively were progression-free survival (PFS) and grade 3 or higher adverse events (AEs) as measures of efficacy and safety respectively. Eight randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included in the systematic review comprising 3,021 patients evaluated efficacy and safety of PARP inhibitors: Olaparib, niraparib and veliparib with combinations of bevacizumab, carboplatin, cisplatin, cediranib, cyclophosphamide and paclitaxel. 824 patients had 33 BRCA mutation while 1,430 had wild-type BRCA, an allele that confers increased risk of cancer. Most patients had platinum-sensitive cancers. There was significant prolongation of PFS with PARP inhibitor and chemotherapy combination compared to chemotherapy in all included trials except one which combined veliparib with cyclophosphamide. The prolongation of PFS was more remarkable in patients with BRCA mutation and occasionally patients with wild-type BRCA. Niraparib and veliparib were notably associated with grade 3 or higher anaemia, neutropenia, and thrombocytopenia, olaparib caused fatigue and gastrointestinal disturbances while bevacizumab and cediranib caused hypertension. This review suggested combined PARP inhibitor and chemotherapy significantly prolonged progression-free survival especially in patients with BRCA mutation compared to chemotherapy and the combined therapy is safe.
description: Nigerian Medical Journal, Vol. 65 No. 1 (2024): January to February (2024)
Eptesicus pachyotis Dobson 1871
Creators: name: Don E. Wilson
name: Russell A. Mittermeier
Publisher: name: Lynx Edicions
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Chiroptera
Vespertilionidae
Eptesicus
Eptesicus pachyotis

description: 201.
Thick-eared Serotine
Eptesicus pachyotis
French: Sérotine a oreilles épaisses / German: DickohrBreitfligelfledermaus / Spanish: Eptesicus de orejas gruesas
Other common names: Thick-eared Bat
Taxonomy. Vesperugo (Vesperus) pachyotis Dobson, 1871,
“Khasi Hills [Meghalaya State], Bengal,” India.
Relationship of E. pachyotis to other species of Eptesicus is uncertain. It was thought to be related to E. dimissus, but that species has recently been moved to a new and unrelated genus, Cassistrellus. Monotypic.
Distribution. NC, C & SW China (Tibet [= Xizang], Qinghai, Gansu, Ningxia, and Sichuan), Bangladesh (Sylhet Division), NE India (Meghalaya and Mizoram), and NW Thailand; possibly N Myanmar (although this record has been mapped dubiously).
Descriptive notes. Head-body 55-57 mm, tail 40-41 mm, ear 13-14-1 mm, hindfoot 6-9-9 mm, forearm 38-45-3 mm. Dorsal pelage of the Thick-eared Serotine is dark brown; ventral pelage is paler. Head is flat, and muzzle is very short and broad, with well-developed glands. Ears are triangular, with rounded tips, lower part being very thick and fleshy compared with other species of Eptesicus; tragus is short and broadly rounded above and curved inward, similar to that of species of Nyctalus. Wings attach to base of toes unlike in the Surat Helmeted Bat (Cassustrellus dimissus). Skull profile in dorsal view rises smoothly to lambdoidal crests; zygomatic arches are robust, with small dorsal projections from jugal; and tympanic bullae are small. I? is bicuspid; I’ is much shorter than I?; C' lacks secondary cusplets; P* is large; P, is one-half the size of P, and compressed in tooth row; and lower molars are myotodont.
Habitat. Tropical moist deciduous forests.
Food and Feeding. No information.
Breeding. No information.
Activity patterns. The Thick-eared Serotine apparently roosts in tree hollows and fissures in rocks.
Movements, Home range and Social organization. No information.
Status and Conservation. Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List. The Thick-eared Serotine is widespread but does not appear to be exceptionally common and virtually nothing is known aboutits ecology or threats. Additional studies are needed.
Bibliography. Bates & Harrison (1997), Corbet & Hill (1992), Csorba, Bumrungsri, Francis, Bates, Gumal, Kingston, Molur & Srinivasulu (2008b), Francis (2008a), Mandal et al. (2000), Myers, P. et al. (2000), Ruedi, Eger et al. (2017), Smith & Xie Yan (2008), Srinivasulu, C. & Srinivasulu (2012), Srinivasulu, C. et al. (2010).
description: Published as part of Don E. Wilson & Russell A. Mittermeier, 2019, Vespertilionidae, pp. 716-981 in Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona :Lynx Edicions on page 853, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.6397752
Rhogeessa bickhami A. B. Baird 2012
Creators: name: Don E. Wilson
name: Russell A. Mittermeier
Publisher: name: Lynx Edicions
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Chiroptera
Vespertilionidae
Rhogeessa
Rhogeessa bickhami

description: 208.
Bickham’s Yellow Bat
Rhogeessa bickhami
French: Rhogeessa de Bickham / German: Bickham-Gelbfledermaus / Spanish: Rogesa de Bickham
Other common names: Bickham'’s Little Yellow Bat
Taxonomy. Rhogeessa bickhami A. B. Baird et al., 2012,
“23.6 mi [= 38 km] N Huixtla, Chiapas, Mexico.”
See R. tumida. Monotypic.
Distribution. Scattered localities on Pacific coast from S Mexico (Chiapas) S to NW Costa Rica (Guanacaste Province); the only records on the Atlantic slope are in Guatemala (Motagua Valley), and Honduras (Comayagua Valley); may extend to Panama.
Descriptive notes. Head-body c. 42—44 mm, tail 22-36 mm, ear 11-14 mm, hindfoot 5-7 mm, forearm 27-8-30- 3 mm. Dorsal fur is bicolored, with buff-gray to buff-yellow bases and brown to black tips; ventral fur light brown. Ears short and dark. Uropatagium 1s naked, without furry fringe. Skull small (greatest skull length 112- 13 mm), with a globular braincase that is broader than rostrum; helmet present; postorbital process greatly reduced, and posterior sagittal crest elevated. M* has a wide hypocone and is about same length as M®. Chromosomal complement has 2n = 34 and FN = 50, with a subtelocentric X-chromosome and a metacentric Y-chromosome.
Habitat. Pacific semiarid coastal plains, reaching Atlantic slope of Central American mountain chain through semiarid valleys; those areas are characterized by moist tropical deciduous forest and dry tropical forest. Recorded near gallery forest, over small streams, along ravines, and among trees in anthropic areas. Occurs from sea level to 1500 m.
Food and Feeding. In Costa Rica, seen feeding on coleopterans and lepidopterans in April, and coleopterans, hymenopterans, lepidopterans, and orthopterans in June.
Breeding. In Nicaragua, females with swollen uteri and possibly in initial stages of pregnancy were captured in early March, and non-reproductive females from mid-July to mid-August. Pregnant females were caught in February and March in Costa Rica. Lactating females were taken in July in Nicaragua, and in March and May in Costa Rica.
Activity patterns. Has been captured in human buildings.
Movements, Home range and Social organization. No information.
Status and Conservation. Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List. Widespread and locally abundant, occurring in several protected areas.
Bibliography. Baird, Hillis et al. (2008, 2009), Baird, Marchan-Rivadeneira et al. (2012), Bickham & Baker (1977), Howell & Burch (1974), Jones, Smith & Turner (1971), LaVal (1973a), Solari (2017d), Vicente-Santos et al. (2017), Vonhof (2000).
description: Published as part of Don E. Wilson & Russell A. Mittermeier, 2019, Vespertilionidae, pp. 716-981 in Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona :Lynx Edicions on page 857, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.6397752
Rhogeessa menchuae A. B. Baird 2012
Creators: name: Don E. Wilson
name: Russell A. Mittermeier
Publisher: name: Lynx Edicions
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Chiroptera
Vespertilionidae
Rhogeessa
Rhogeessa menchuae

description: 209.
Menchu’s Yellow Bat
Rhogeessa menchuae
French: Rhogeessa de Menchu / German: Menchu-Gelbfledermaus / Spanish: Rogesa de Menchu
Other common names: Menchu's Little Yellow Bat
Taxonomy. Rhogeessa menchuae A. B. Baird et al., 2012,
“Lancetilla, Department of Atlantida, Honduras.”
See R. tumida. Monotypic.
Distribution. Known only from two localities on Atlantic coast of Guatemala and Honduras; may extend S to N Nicaragua.
Descriptive notes. Head-body ¢.40 44 mm, tail 29-32 mm, ear 10-12 mm, hindfoot 5-7 mm, forearm 29-30 mm. Dorsal fur is bicolored, with buff-yellow bases and light to dark brown tips; ventral fur light to dark brown. Ears short and dark. Uropatagium is furred only at base. Skull small (greatest skull length 12-12- 3 mm), with globular braincase which is broader than rostrum; helmet present; postorbital process greatly reduced and posterior sagittal crest elevated. M* has a wide hypocone and is about same length as M’. Chromosomal complement has 2n = 34 and FN = 50, with a subtelocentric X-chromosome and a metacentric Y-chromosome.
Habitat. Humid Atlantic coastal regions of northern Central America, characterized by tall tropical rainforests that can reach 30 m. Occurs at altitudes up to 299 m.
Food and Feeding. Insectivorous. No details known.
Breeding. Pregnant females were captured from mid-February to late April.
Activity patterns. No information.
Movements, Home range and Social organization. No information.
Status and Conservation. Classified as Data Deficient on The IUCN Red List. Generally rare, but occurs in some protected areas within its restricted range. It seems to be restricted to very humid forests.
Bibliography. Baird, Hillis et al. (2008, 2009), Baird, Marchan-Rivadeneira et al. (2012), Bickham & Baker (1977), LaVal (1973a), Solari (2017e).
description: Published as part of Don E. Wilson & Russell A. Mittermeier, 2019, Vespertilionidae, pp. 716-981 in Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona :Lynx Edicions on pages 857-858, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.6397752
Apéndice. Aplicación de Machine Learning en el Análisis de Técnicas Proyectivas: Un mapeo sistemático de la literatura
Creators: name: OLIVAR, MATIAS
name: Panizzi, Marisa Daniela
name: Sattolo, Iris Inés
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Apéndice- Aplicación de Machine Learning en el Análisis de Técnicas Proyectivas: Un mapeo sistemático de la literatura. Información complementaria del SMS.
Critical Frequency Threshold for Quantum Coherence in Oscillatory Systems
Creators: name: ARRABAL, HUMBERTO
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: SystemsAbstractWe derive a universal critical frequency for preserving quantum coherence in oscillatory systems:ωc = ℏ / (m·λ²)This threshold unifies three key constraints: phase stability, quantum velocity bounds, and suppression of thermal decoherence. When the oscillation frequency exceeds ωc, quantum coherence rapidly deteriorates due to classical phase diffusion and thermal noise. Applications across nanomechanical resonators, trapped ions, and ultracold atoms demonstrate the utility of this result in guiding the design of coherent quantum systems.
Rhogeessa velilla Thomas 1903
Creators: name: Don E. Wilson
name: Russell A. Mittermeier
Publisher: name: Lynx Edicions
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Chiroptera
Vespertilionidae
Rhogeessa
Rhogeessa velilla

description: 210.
Ecuadorian Little Yellow Bat
Rhogeessa velilla
French: Rhogeessa d'Equateur / German: Ecuador-Gelbfledermaus / Spanish: Rogesa de Ecuador
Other common names: Ecuadorian Yellow Bat
Taxonomy. Rhogeessa velilla Thomas, 1903,
“Puna, Puna Island, Gulf of Guayaquil, Ecuador.”
Previously considered a race of R. parvula, based on external and skull morphology; it was later included in R. tumida, based on bacular, external and skull morphology;it was then placed in R. io, based on bacular and karyological evidence. Subsequently, karyological and mtDNA studies led to its elevation to species level, and this was later supported by nDNA results. Monotypic.
Distribution. Scattered localities in W Ecuador (including Puna I) and NW Peru.
Descriptive notes. Head-body 39-43 mm,tail 22-31 mm, ear 13- 5-17 mm, hindfoot 5—6 mm, forearm 27-31 mm; weight 2:8- 4-6 g. Dorsal fur is bicolored, with whitish to yellowish bases and darker brown tips; venter yellowish brown. Ears short, triangular, narrow, and blackish. Wing membranes uniformly brown, without posterior white edges; uropatagium is furred only at base, and fur does not reach knee. Skull small and delicate; braincase low and narrow; zygomatic arches not very expanded; helmet absent. Chromosomal complement has 2n = 42, differing from all species to which it has been previously been assigned.
Habitat. Tropical dry forest west of the Andes, occurring from sea level up to 550 m.
Food and Feeding. Insectivorous.
Breeding. No information.
Activity patterns. Apparently an early flier, usually being netted at dusk.
Movements, Home range and Social organization. No information.
Status and Conservation. Classified as Data Deficient on The IUCN Red List. Apparently rare, and restricted to tropical dry forest. There are a few protected areas within its restricted range.
Bibliography. Baird et al. (2008, 2009), Carrera et al. (2010), Genoways & Baker (1996b), Goodwin (1958b), LaVal (1973a), Pacheco, Cadenillas, Salas et al. (2009), Pacheco, Cadenillas, Velazco et al. (2007), Solari (20171).
description: Published as part of Don E. Wilson & Russell A. Mittermeier, 2019, Vespertilionidae, pp. 716-981 in Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona :Lynx Edicions on page 858, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.6397752
Post-traumatic Osteolysis of the Distal Clavicle
Creators: name: Florim, Sofia
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Musculoskeletal joint
subject: Musculoskeletal system
subject: Trauma
subject: Conventional radiography
subject: MR
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Acute
subject: Trauma

description: Clinical History Image Findings Discussion Find Diagnosis Differential Diagnosis
description: female, 62 years
description: Clinical History: A 52-year-old female with shoulder pain came to emergency room after caught her left shoulder on a bike ride. She underwent shoulder radiograph which was normal. Pain and limited mobility persisted after two months with conservative treatment, so another ... Final Diagnosis: Post-traumatic osteolysis of the distal clavicle
Rhogeessa mira LaVal 1973
Creators: name: Don E. Wilson
name: Russell A. Mittermeier
Publisher: name: Lynx Edicions
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Chiroptera
Vespertilionidae
Rhogeessa
Rhogeessa mira

description: 215.
Least Yellow Bat
Rhogeessa mira
French: Rhogeessa menue / German: Kleinste Gelbfledermaus / Spanish: Rogesa menuda
Taxonomy. Rhogeessa (Rhogeessa) mira LaVal, 1973,
“ 20 km N El Infiernillo, Michoacan, Mexico, elevation 125 m.”
See R. parvula. Sympatric with R. parvula and R. alleni. Monotypic.
Distribution. Known from only a few records between the villages of El Infiernillo and Zicuiran, Michoacan, S Mexico.
Descriptive notes. Head-body ¢.38 39 mm, tail 26-33 mm, ear 10-13 mm, hindfoot 5-6 mm, forearm 25-27- 8 mm; weight 3 g (one specimen). The Least Yellow Batis the smallest species in the genus. General coloration is yellowish; dorsally bicolored, with buckthorn brown to buffbrown tips and butffier bases, and no strong contrast between bases and tips; ventrally no contrast between bases and tips, with coloration similar to bases of dorsal fur. Ears dark, contrasting sharply with fur. Uropatagium sparsely furred, with hairs reaching knee or past it. Skull small, with moderate slope on forehead; sagittal crest absent. 1,18 slightly smaller than I; cingulum of C' has soft edges.
Habitat. Semiarid areas of xeric shrub vegetation dominated by mesquites and cacti. Has been captured over streams in gallery forest and thorn scrub. Altitudinal range 125-340 m.
Food and Feeding. Stomach contents of five individuals yielded 68-8% Coleoptera, with Scarabaeidae most abundant; Diptera was the second highest (10%), with Dixidae commonest; less abundant were Lepidoptera (4%), Hemiptera (3:2%), Hymenoptera (1%), Neuroptera (1%), and Blattodea (0-5%), with 11-5% unidentified items.
Breeding. No information.
Activity patterns. No information.
Movements, Home range and Social organization. No information.
Status and Conservation. Classified as Vulnerable on The IUCN Red List. Considered rare, and its restricted distribution of the Rio Balsas Basin represents an extent of occurrence of only ¢. 6700 km ®. The development of a dam in the area is leading to habitat loss, changes in forest cover, and changes in river cycles.
Bibliography. Alvarez & Avifa (1965), Alvarez-Castaneda & Gonzalez-Ruiz (2018), Arroyo-Cabrales & Baker (2014e), Arroyo-Cabrales & Ospina-Garces (2016a), Arroyo-Cabrales & Polaco (1997), Baird et al. (2008, 2009), LaVal (1973a), Loera-Padilla et al. (2017), Simmons (2005).
description: Published as part of Don E. Wilson & Russell A. Mittermeier, 2019, Vespertilionidae, pp. 716-981 in Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona :Lynx Edicions on page 859, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.6397752