cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Cerebral metabolic effects of strict versus conventional glycaemic targets following severe traumatic brain injury.
Creators: name: Plummer, Mark P
name: Notkina, Natalia
name: Timofeev, Ivan
name: Hutchinson, Peter
name: Finnis, Mark E
name: Gupta, Arun
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2018
Subjects: Humans
Insulin
Blood Glucose
Hypoglycemic Agents
Prospective Studies
Cross-Over Studies
Glycemic Index
Adolescent
Adult
Middle Aged
Intensive Care Units
Female
Male
Cerebrum
Arterial Pressure
United Kingdom
Brain Injuries, Traumatic

description: Optimal glycaemic targets for patients with severe traumatic brain injury remain unclear. The primary objective of this microdialysis study was to compare cerebral metabolism between strict and conventional glycaemic control. Methods We performed a prospective single-centre randomised controlled within-subject crossover study in 20 adult patients admitted to an academic neurointensive care unit with severe traumatic brain injury. Patients underwent randomised, consecutive 24-hour periods of strict (4 - 7 mmol/L; 72 - 126 mg/dL) and conventional (<10 mmol/L; 180 mg/dL) glycaemic control with microdialysis measurements performed hourly. The first 12 hours of each study period was designated as ‘wash-out’ with the subsequent 12 hours being the period of interest. Results Cerebral glucose was lower during strict glycaemia compared to conventional control (1.05 (0.58, 1.51) mmol/L versus 1.28 (0.81, 1.74) mmol/L; P = 0.03) as was lactate (3.07 (2.44, 3.70) versus 3.56 (2.81, 4.30); P <0.001). There were no significant differences in pyruvate or the lactate/pyruvate ratio between treatment phases. Strict glycaemia increased the frequency of low cerebral glucose (<0.8 mmol/L), OR 1.91, 95% CI 1.01 – 3.65; P <0.05, however, there were no differences in the frequency of critically low glucose (<0.2 mmol/L) or critically elevated lactate/pyruvate ratio between phases. Conclusions Compared with conventional glycaemic targets, strict blood glucose control was associated with lower mean levels of cerebral glucose and an increased frequency of abnormally low glucose levels. These data support conventional glycaemic targets following TBI.
Tarde Balance and the J-Curve Phenomenon in Malawi
Creators: name: Mataya, Charles S.
name: Veeman, Michele M.
name: Mataya, Charles S.
name: Veeman, Michele M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1993
Subjects: International Development
Public Economics

description: The effects of successive currency devaluations, sicne the 1980s, on Malawi's trade balance are analysed. The major mypothesis tested is that currency devaluation leads to an improvement in trade balance through changes in the real exchange rate. This hypothesis is not supported by the data for Malawi. Although there is evidence of a lagged adjustment yielding an improvement in the trade balance three years after devaluation, the magnitude of this improvement is insufficient to overcome the initial decline in the trade balance following devaluation. The extent of improvement is not consistent with that implied by the hypothesized J-curve effect. The analysis suggests that a one percent rise in real domestic income results in a .90 per reduction in the trade balance, whereas a one percent increase in real foreign income results in a 0.27 per rise in the trade balance. The lack of responsiveness of Malawi's trade balance to changes in foreign income may be associated with the unmanufactured nature of Malawi's export commodities and the relatively unfavorable market conditions for these exports in the major importing western countries. Other policy measures than those that have been relied on to date are evidently necessary for the desired improvements in trade balance to be achieved.
Velocity memory effect without soft particles
Creators: name: Cvetković, Branislav
name: Simić, Dejan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the behavior of geodesics in the plane-fronted wave background of the three-dimensional (3D) gravity with propagating torsion, which possesses only massive degrees of freedom. We discover the velocity memory effect, in contrast to the current belief that its existence is due to the presence of soft particles.
description: LaTeX, 10 pages, 10 figures; v2, revised version, presentation improved, 11 pages, 10 figures
Additional file 9 of Comparative efficacy and safety of immunotherapy for patients with advanced or metastatic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: a systematic review and network Meta-analysis
Creators: name: Gao, Tian-Tian
name: Shan, Jia-Hui
name: Yang, Yu-Xian
name: Zhang, Ze-Wei
name: Liu, Shi-Liang
name: Xi, Mian
name: Liu, Meng-Zhong
name: Zhao, Lei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 9.
Additional file 1: of Unravelling functional neurology: does spinal manipulation have an effect on the brain? - a systematic literature review
Creators: name: Anne-Laure Meyer
name: Michel-Ange Amorim
name: Schubert, Martin
name: Schweinhardt, Petra
name: Leboeuf-Yde, Charlotte
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Search strategy developed for PubMed for a systematic critical review of the literature on the effect of spinal manipulation on ‘brain function’ (DOCX 126 kb)
Acrostomus cruralis Kuschel 1958
Creators: name: Morrone, Juan J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Curculionidae
Acrostomus
Acrostomus cruralis

description: Acrostomus cruralis Kuschel, 1958
 Acrostomus cruralis Kuschel, 1958: 234 (type locality: Argentina: Comodoro Rivadavia; type material: H: MACN and P: 1 MACN, 1 NZAC, and 1 USNM).
 Distribution. Southern Argentina (Morrone, 1994b).
description: Published as part of Morrone, Juan J., 2011, Annotated checklist of the tribe Listroderini (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Cyclominae) 3119, pp. 1-68 in Zootaxa 3119 (1) on page 8, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3119.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5246257
Neutrino opacity in magnetised hot and dense nuclear matter
Creators: name: Chandra, Deepak
name: Goyal, Ashok
name: Goswami, Kanupriya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the neutrino interaction rates in hot matter at high densities in the presence of uniform magnetic field. The neutrino cross-sections involving both the charged current absorption and neutral current scattering reactions on baryons and leptons have been considered. We have in particular considered the interesting case when the magnetic field is strong enough to completely polarise the protons and electrons in supernovae and neutron stars. The opacity in such a situation is considerably modified and the cross-section develops anisotropy. This has implications for phenomenon invoked in the literature to explain the observed pulsar kicks.
description: 22 latex pages and 7 postscript figures
An association between ICP-derived data and outcome in TBI patients: The role of sample size
Creators: name: Cabella, Brenno
name: Donnelly, Joseph
name: Cardim, Danilo
name: Liu, Xiuyun
name: Cabeleira, Manuel
name: Smielewski, Peter
name: Haubrich, Christina
name: Hutchinson, Peter
name: Kim, Dong Joo
name: Czosnyka, Marek
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2016

description: ${\bf Background:}$ Many demographic and physiological variables have been associated with outcome after TBI. However, with small sample sizes, making spurious inferences is possible. This paper explores the effect of sample sizes on statistical relationships between patient variables (both physiological and demographic) and outcome. ${\bf Methods:}$ Data from head-injured patients with monitored arterial blood pressure, intracranial pressure (ICP) and outcome assessed at 6 months were included in this retrospective analysis. A univariate logistic regression analysis was performed to obtain the odds ratio (OR) for unfavourable outcome. Three different dichotomizations between favourable and unfavourable outcomes were considered. A bootstrap method was implemented to estimate the minimum sample sizes needed to obtain reliable association between physiological and demographic variables with outcome. ${\bf Results:}$ In a univariate analysis with dichotomized outcome, samples sizes should be generally larger than 100 for reproducible results. Pressure reactivity index, ICP and ICP slow waves offered the strongest relationship with outcome. Relatively small sample sizes may overestimate effect sizes or even produce conflicting results. ${\bf Conclusion:}$ Low power tests, generally achieved with small sample sizes, may produce misleading conclusions, especially when they are based only on p-values and the dichotomized criteria of rejecting/not-rejecting the null hypothesis. We recommend reporting confidence intervals and effect sizes in a more complete and contextualized data analysis.
description: National Institute of Health Research (Cambridge Centre) and NIHR Health Technology Co-operative, CNPQ Scholarship (Research Project 203792/2014-9), Woolf Fisher Trust Scholarship, Cambridge Commonwealth European and International Trust Scholarship, Gates Cambridge Trust Scholarship
description: This is the author accepted manuscript. It is currently under an indefinite embargo pending publication by Springer.
MOESM1 of The Brazilian Society of Rheumatology recommendations on investigation and diagnosis of systemic autoimmune myopathies
Creators: name: Souza, Fernando
name: AraĂşjo, Daniel
name: VerĂ´Nica Vilela
name: SimĂľes, Ricardo
name: Wanderley Bernardo
name: Thais Frank
name: Cunha, Bernardo
name: Shinjo, Samuel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. The studies selection process during the systematic review. (DOCX 23 kb)
Anharmonic Lattice Relaxation during Non-radiative Carrier Capture
Creators: name: Kim, Sunghyun
name: Hood, Samantha N.
name: Walsh, Aron
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Lattice vibrations of point defects are essential for understanding non-radiative electron and hole capture in semiconductors as they govern properties including persistent photoconductivity and Shockley-Read-Hall recombination rate. Although the harmonic approximation is sufficient to describe a defect with small lattice relaxation, for cases of large lattice relaxation it is likely to break down. We describe a first-principles procedure to account for anharmonic carrier capture and apply it to the important case of the \textit{DX} center in GaAs. This is a system where the harmonic approximation grossly fails. Our treatment of the anharmonic Morse-like potentials accurately describes the observed electron capture barrier, predicting the absence of quantum tunnelling at low temperature, and a high hole capture rate that is independent of temperature. The model also explains the origin of the composition-invariant electron emission barrier. These results highlight an important shortcoming of the standard approach for describing point defect ionization that is accompanied by large lattice relaxation, where charge transfer occurs far from the equilibrium configuration.
Relationship between the lipid composition of maternal plasma and infant plasma through breast milk
Creators: name: Furse, Samuel
name: Billing, Georgia
name: Snowden, Stuart G.
name: Smith, James
name: Goldberg, Gail
name: Koulman, Albert
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: Original Article
Candidate biomarkers
Lipids
Glycerides
Infant development
Breastfeeding

description: Abstract: Introduction: This study was motivated by the report that infant development correlates with particular lipids in infant plasma. Objective: The hypothesis was that the abundance of these candidate biomarkers is influenced by the dietary intake of the infant. Methods: A cohort of 30 exclusively-breastfeeding mother–infant pairs from a small region of West Africa was used for this observational study. Plasma and milk from the mother and plasma from her infant were collected within 24 h, 3 months post partum. The lipid, sterol and glyceride composition was surveyed using direct infusion MS in positive and negative ion modes. Analysis employed a combination of univariate and multivariate tests. Results: The lipid profiles of mother and infant plasma samples are similar but distinguishable, and both are distinct from milk. Phosphatidylcholines (PC), cholesteryl esters (CEs) and cholesterol were more abundant in mothers with respect to their infants, e.g. PC(34:1) was 5.66% in mothers but 3.61% in infants (p = 3.60 × 10−10), CE(18:2) was 8.05% in mothers but 5.18% in infants (p = 1.37 × 10−11) whilst TGs were lower in mothers with respect to their infants, e.g. TG(52:2) was 2.74% in mothers and 4.23% in infants (p = 1.63 × 10−05). A latent structure model showed that four lipids in infant plasma previously shown to be biomarkers clustered with cholesteryl esters in the maternal circulation. Conclusion: This study found evidence that the abundance of individual lipid isoforms associated with infant development are associated with the abundance of individual molecular species in the mother’s circulation.
Graphisches Faktenretrieval mit Liniendiagrammen. Gestaltung und Evaluierung eines experimentellen Rechercheverfahrens auf der Grundlage kognitiver Theorien der Graphenwahrnehmung
Creators: name: Wolff, Christian
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: 004 Informatik
subject: 020 Bibliotheks- und Informationswissenschaft

description: Zugl.: Univ.-Verl. Konstanz, 1996 (Schr. z. Informationswiss. 24)
A novel setup for simultaneous two-photon functional imaging and precise spectral and spatial visual stimulation in Drosophila
Creators: name: Feord, Rachael C.
name: Wardill, Trevor J.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Article
/631/378
/631/378/2613
/631/378/2613/2141
/631/1647/245
/631/1647/245/2225
/631/443
/631/443/376
article

description: Abstract: Motion vision has been extensively characterised in Drosophila melanogaster, but substantially less is known about how flies process colour, or how spectral information affects other visual modalities. To accurately dissect the components of the early visual system responsible for processing colour, we developed a versatile visual stimulation setup to probe combined spatial, temporal and spectral response properties. Using flies expressing neural activity indicators, we tracked visual responses in the medulla, the second visual neuropil, to a projected colour stimulus. The introduction of custom bandpass optical filters enables simultaneous two-photon imaging and visual stimulation over a large range of wavelengths without compromising the temporal stimulation rate. With monochromator-produced light, any spectral bandwidth and centre wavelength from 390 to 730 nm can be selected to produce a narrow spectral hue. A specialised screen material scatters each band of light across the visible spectrum equally at all locations of the screen, thus enabling presentation of spatially structured stimuli. We show layer-specific shifts of spectral response properties in the medulla correlating with projection regions of photoreceptor terminals.
Acrostomus foveicollis Kuschel 1958
Creators: name: Morrone, Juan J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Curculionidae
Acrostomus
Acrostomus foveicollis

description: Acrostomus foveicollis Kuschel, 1958
 Acrostomus foveicollis Kuschel, 1958: 232 (type locality: Argentina: Santa Cruz, Lago Viedma; type material: H: NZAC and P: 1 MACN and 3 NZAC).
 Distribution. Southern Argentina (Morrone, 1994b).
description: Published as part of Morrone, Juan J., 2011, Annotated checklist of the tribe Listroderini (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Cyclominae) 3119, pp. 1-68 in Zootaxa 3119 (1) on page 8, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3119.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5246257
Unitarity in space-time noncommutative field theories
Creators: name: Rim, Chaiho
name: Yee, Jae Hyung
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In non-commutative field theories conventional wisdom is that the unitarity is non-compatible with the perturbation analysis when time is involved in the non-commutative coordinates. However, as suggested by Bahns et.al. recently, the root of the problem lies in the improper definition of the time-ordered product. In this article, functional formalism of S-matrix is explicitly constructed for the non-commutative $ϕ^p$ scalar field theory using the field equation in the Heisenberg picture and proper definition of time-ordering. This S-matrix is manifestly unitary. Using the free spectral (Wightmann) function as the free field propagator, we demonstrate the perturbation obeys the unitarity, and present the exact two particle scattering amplitude for 1+1 dimensional non-commutative nonlinear Schrödinger model.
description: S-matrix formula is revised with proper definition of time-ordering
AIDA: Accelerator Integrated Data Access
Creators: name: Clausen, Matthias
name: MacKenzie, Ron
name: Sass, Robert
name: Underwood, Kenneth
name: White, Greg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: All Control Systems that grow to any size have a variety of data that are stored in different formats on different nodes in the network. Examples include sensor value and status, archived sensor data, device oriented support data and relationships, message logs, application and machine configurations etc. Each type of data typically has a different programming interface. Higher-level applications need to access a logically related set of data that is in different data stores and may require different processing. AIDA is envisioned to be a distributed service that allows applications access to this wide variety of Control System data in a consistent way that is language and machine independent. It has the additional goal of providing an object-oriented layer for constructing applications on top of multiple existing conventional systems like EPICS or the SLC Control System. Motivation, design overview and current status will be presented.
Multimodality and Vagueness in the Context of a Graphical, Object-Oriented Materials Information System
Creators: name: Wolff, Christian
name: Krause, Jürgen
name: Womser-Hacker, Christa
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: multimodality vagueness fact retireval interactive systems information systems fuzzy logic visual interaction
subject: 004 Informatik
subject: 020 Bibliotheks- und Informationswissenschaft

description: In the context of an extended understanding of information retrieval, multimodality and vagueness are discussed as key problems of materials information system development. The WING-M2 prototype is presented which combines an object-oriented graphical interface with natural language fe edback and correction functionality as well as additional components for graphical result querying and vague formulation of user needs. System development in WING-IIR is based on the rapid prototyping paradigm in combination with user tests in the application domain, materials information systems. Our design enhances traditional parallelized multimodal system structures by tailoring multimodality features to the respective advantages of different query modes. This approach seems to be of special importance for dealing with iterative retrieval strategies. Vagueness in user needs is addressed in different modalities: The graphical query module allows for visual specification of follow-up queries in line chart representations of factual data. It exploits the materials experts' visual interpretation of given data for graphical query formulation. The fuzzy-logic component of WING-M2 applies vague concepts to query interpretation in different modalities (e .g. by modeling linguistic variables like high as fuzzy concepts).
Visualization of local magnetic moments emerging from impurities in the Hund's metal states of FeSe
Creators: name: Song, Sang Yong
name: Martiny, J. H. J.
name: Kreisel, A.
name: Andersen, B. M.
name: Seo, Jungpil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Understanding the origin of the magnetism of high temperature superconductors is crucial for establishing their unconventional pairing mechanism. Recently, theory predicts that FeSe is close to a magnetic quantum critical point, and thus weak perturbations such as impurities could induce local magnetic moments. To elucidate such quantum instability, we have employed scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy. In particular, we have grown FeSe film on superconducting Pb(111) using molecular beam epitaxy and investigated magnetic excitation caused by impurities in the proximity-induced superconducting gap of FeSe. Our study provides a deep insight into the origin of the magnetic ordering of FeSe by showing the way local magnetic moments develop in response to impurities near the magnetic quantum critical point.
description: 35 pages including main text and supplemental material
Additional file 7 of Comparative efficacy and safety of immunotherapy for patients with advanced or metastatic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: a systematic review and network Meta-analysis
Creators: name: Gao, Tian-Tian
name: Shan, Jia-Hui
name: Yang, Yu-Xian
name: Zhang, Ze-Wei
name: Liu, Shi-Liang
name: Xi, Mian
name: Liu, Meng-Zhong
name: Zhao, Lei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 7.
Effizientes Dokumentenclustering durch niederfrequente Terme
Creators: name: Quasthoff, Uwe
name: Wolff, Christian
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Clustering; Dokumentvektoren; sparse vectors; niederfrequente Terme
subject: 400 Sprachwissenschaft, Linguistik
subject: 004 Informatik
subject: H.3.1
subject: H.3.3

description: In diesem Papier wird ein statistisches IR-Verfahren vorgestellt, mit dem sich ähnliche Dokumente in umfangreichen Kollektionen effektiv ermitteln lassen. Das Verfahren erwendet als Deskriptoren ausschließlich niederfrequente Terme. Die zur Dokumentbeschreibung benutzten Dokumentvektoren sind schwach besetzt (sparse vectors) und erlauben effiziente Berechnungsverfahren. Die Ermittlung geeigneter Deskriptoren zieht als zusätzliche Informationsquelle eine umfangreiche Datenbank mit Frequenzinformation heran.
Complete electroweak matching for radiative B decays
Creators: name: Gambino, Paolo
name: Haisch, Ulrich
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the complete two-loop O(alpha) Wilson coefficients relevant for radiative decays of the B meson in the SM. This is a necessary step in the calculation of the O(alpha alpha_s^n ln^n m_b/M_W) corrections and improves on our previous analysis of electroweak effects in B -> X_s gamma. We describe in detail several interesting technical aspects of the calculation and include all dominant QED matrix elements. In our final result, we neglect only terms originated from the unknown O(alpha alpha_s) evolution of the Wilson coefficients and some suppressed two-loop matrix elements. Due to the compensation among different effects, we find that non-trivial electroweak corrections decrease the branching ratio by about 3.6% for a light Higgs boson, very close to our previous result. The corresponding up-to-date SM prediction for the branching ratio with E_gamma > 1.6 GeV is (3.61 +- 0.30) x 10^-4.
description: 20 pages, 2 figures, uses amssymb.sty, amsmath.sty and feynarts.sty. Minor changes
Additional file 4 of Comparative efficacy and safety of immunotherapy for patients with advanced or metastatic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: a systematic review and network Meta-analysis
Creators: name: Gao, Tian-Tian
name: Shan, Jia-Hui
name: Yang, Yu-Xian
name: Zhang, Ze-Wei
name: Liu, Shi-Liang
name: Xi, Mian
name: Liu, Meng-Zhong
name: Zhao, Lei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 4.
Spectral moments of two-point correlators in perturbation theory and beyond
Creators: name: Groote, S.
name: Körner, J. G.
name: Pivovarov, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the choice of weight functions for the moments of the spectral density for two-point correlators of hadronic currents over a finite energy interval. Of phenomenological relevance is an analysis of the spectra of tau lepton decay on the energy interval [0,M_tau] and the low-energy hadron production in e+ e- annihilation. General arguments are given for the calculability of such moments in perturbation theory using both a finite-order analysis and infinite resummation on the contour. Nonperturbative contributions emerging from the operator product expansion for two-point correlators are discussed within explicit models for the physical spectra. The quantitative analysis strongly disfavours weight functions that suppress the high-energy contribution to theoretical moments. This is in agreement with expectations from qualitative considerations in perturbative QCD with asymptotic freedom. We discuss the implication of our results for the ultimate accuracy that can be reached in tau decays and low-energy e+ e- annihilation into hadrons with present experimental data.
description: 70 pages in LaTeX, 10 PostScript figures included in the text
Fuzzy Q-Learning Based Multi-Agent System for Intelligent Traffic Control by a Game Theory Approach
Creators: name: Daeichian, Abolghasem
name: Haghani, Amir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper introduces a multi-agent approach to adjust traffic lights based on traffic situation in order to reduce average delay time. In the traffic model, lights of each intersection are controlled by an autonomous agent. Since decision of each agent affects neighbor agents, this approach creates a classical non-stationary environment. Thus, each agent not only needs to learn from the past experience but also has to consider decision of neighbors to overcome dynamic changes of the traffic network. Fuzzy Q-learning and Game theory are employed to make policy based on previous experiences and decision of neighbor agents. Simulation results illustrate the advantage of the proposed method over fixed time, fuzzy, Q-learning and fuzzy Q-learning control methods.
description: 10 pages, 10 figures
Additional file 1: of Effect of probiotic supplementation in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis patients: PROBILIVER TRIAL protocol
Creators: name: Silva-Sperb, Amanda
name: Moraes, Helena
name: Moura, Bruna
name: Alves, Bruna
name: Bruch-Bertani, Juliana
name: Azevedo, Vittoria
name: DallâAlba, Valesca
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: Medicine
Biotechnology
Science Policy

description: Standard Protocol Items: Recommendations for Interventional Trials (SPIRIT) 2013 Checklist: Recommended items to address in a clinical trial protocol and related documents*. (DOC 121 kb)
Current vortices and magnetic fields driven by moving polar twin boundaries in ferroelastic materials
Creators: name: Lu, Guangming
name: Li, Suzhi
name: Ding, Xiangdong
name: Sun, Jun
name: Salje, Ekhard K. H.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Article
/639/301/1034/1035
/639/301/357/997
article

description: Abstract: Ferroelastic twin boundaries often have properties that do not exist in bulk, such as superconductivity, polarity etc. Designing and optimizing domain walls can hence functionalize ferroelastic materials. Using atomistic simulations, we report that moving domain walls have magnetic properties even when there is no magnetic element in the material. The origin of a robust magnetic signal lies in polar vortex structures induced by moving domain walls, e.g., near the tips of needle domains and near domain wall kinks. These vortices generate displacement currents, which are the origin of magnetic moments perpendicular to the vortex plane. This phenomenon is universal for ionic crystals and holds for all ferroelastic domain boundaries containing dipolar moments. The magnetic moment depends on the speed of the domain boundary, which can reach the speed of sound under strong mechanical forcing. We estimate that the magnetic moment can reach several tens of Bohr magnetons for a collective thin film of 1000 lattice planes and movements of the vortex by the speed of sound. The predicted magnetic fields in thin slabs are much larger than those observed experimentally in SrTiO3/LaAlO3 heterostructures, which may be due to weak (accidental) forcing and slow changes of the domain patterns during their experiments. The dynamical multiferroic properties of ferroelastic domain walls may have the potential to be used to construct localized magnetic memory devices in future.
Exponentially small splitting of separatrices associated to 3D whiskered tori with cubic frequencies
Creators: name: Delshams, Amadeu
name: Gonchenko, Marina
name: Gutiérrez, Pere
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study the splitting of invariant manifolds of whiskered (hyperbolic) tori with three frequencies in a nearly-integrable Hamiltonian system, whose hyperbolic part is given by a pendulum. We consider a 3-dimensional torus with a fast frequency vector $ω/\sqrt\varepsilon$, with $ω=(1,Ω,\widetildeΩ)$ where $Ω$ is a cubic irrational number whose two conjugates are complex, and the components of $ω$ generate the field $\mathbb Q(Ω)$. A paradigmatic case is the cubic golden vector, given by the (real) number $Ω$ satisfying $Ω^3=1-Ω$, and $\widetildeΩ=Ω^2$. For such 3-dimensional frequency vectors, the standard theory of continued fractions cannot be applied, so we develop a methodology for determining the behavior of the small divisors $\langle k,ω\rangle$, $k\in{\mathbb Z}^3$. Applying the Poincaré-Melnikov method, this allows us to carry out a careful study of the dominant harmonic (which depends on $\varepsilon$) of the Melnikov function, obtaining an asymptotic estimate for the maximal splitting distance, which is exponentially small in $\varepsilon$, and valid for all sufficiently small values of~$\varepsilon$. This estimate behaves like $\exp\{-h_1(\varepsilon)/\varepsilon^{1/6}\}$ and we provide, for the first time in a system with 3 frequencies, an accurate description of the (positive) function $h_1(\varepsilon)$ in the numerator of the exponent, showing that it can be explicitly constructed from the resonance properties of the frequency vector $ω$, and proving that it is a quasiperiodic function (and not periodic) with respect to $\ln\varepsilon$. In this way, we emphasize the strong dependence of the estimates for the splitting on the arithmetic properties of the frequencies.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1507.07397
MOESM1 of The analysis of the Saltzman Collection of Peruvian dyes by high performance liquid chromatography and ambient ionisation mass spectrometry
Creators: name: Armitage, Ruth
name: Fraser, Daniel
name: Degano, Ilaria
name: Colombini, Maria
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Supplemental figures, Saltzman's notes, chemical structures and ambient mass spectra.
A Mysterious Zero in AdS(5) x S(5) Supergravity
Creators: name: Bars, Itzhak
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that all the states in AdS(5) x S(5) supergravity have zero eigenvalue for the all Casimir operators of its symmetry group SU(2,2|4). To compute this universal zero in supergravity we refine the oscillator methods for studying the lowest weight unitary representations of SU(N,M|R,S). We solve the reduction problem when one multiplies an arbitrary number of super doubletons. This enters in the computation of the quadratic Casimir eigenvalues of the lowest weight representations. We apply the results to SU(2,2|4) that classifies the Kaluza-Klein towers of ten dimensional type IIB supergravity compactified on AdS(5) x S(5). We show that the vanishing of the SU(2,2|4) Casimir eigenvalues for all the states is indeed a group theoretical fact in AdS(5) x S(5) supergravity. By the AdS-CFT correspondence, it is also a fact for gauge invariant states of super Yang-Mills theory with four supersymmetries in four dimensions. This non-trivial and mysterious zero is very interesting because it is predicted as a straightforward consequence of the fundamental local Sp(2) symmetry in 2T-physics. Via the 2T-physics explanation of this zero we find a global indication that this special supergravity hides a twelve dimensional structure with (10,2) signature.
description: v3 is in RevTeX format, 18 pages. Section 6 includes a more general algebraic structure that results in the vanishing of ALL Casimirs. J is consistently normalized in Eqs.(5) and (46)
Constraining Dark-Matter Ensembles with Supernova Data
Creators: name: Desai, Aditi
name: Dienes, Keith R.
name: Thomas, Brooks
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The constraints on non-minimal dark sectors involving ensembles of unstable dark-matter species are well established and quite stringent in cases in which these species decay to visible-sector particles. However, in cases in which these ensembles decay exclusively to other, lighter dark-sector states, the corresponding constraints are less well established. In this paper, we investigate how information about the expansion rate of the universe at low redshifts gleaned from observations of Type Ia supernovae can be used to constrain ensembles of unstable particles which decay primarily into dark radiation.
description: 10 pages, LaTeX, 2 figures
The Structural Integrity of Composite Materials and Long-Life Implementation of Composite Structures
Creators: name: Beaumont, Peter W. R.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Article
Composite materials
Structural integrity
Cracking and fracture
Physical modelling methods and analyses
Lifetime prediction
Structural health monitoring

description: Funder: University of Cambridge
description: Abstract: Empirical or semi-empirical design methodologies at the macroscopic scale (structural level) can be supported and justified only by a fundamental understanding at the lower (microscopic) size scale through the physical model. Today structural integrity (SI) is thought as the optimisation of microstructure by controlling processing coupled with intelligent manufacturing of the material: to maximise mechanical performance and ensure reliability of the large scale structure; and to avoid calamity and misfortune. SI analysis provides quantitative input to the formulation of an appropriately balanced response to the problem. This article demonstrates that at the heart of the matter are those mechanisms of crack nucleation and growth that affect the structural integrity of the material: microscopic cracking events that are usually too small to observe and viewed only by microscopy.
Acrostomus griseus
Creators: name: Morrone, Juan J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Curculionidae
Acrostomus
Acrostomus griseus

description: Acrostomus griseus (Guérin-Ménéville, 1839)
 Listroderes griseus Guérin-Ménéville, 1839: 305 (type locality: Chile: Magallanes; type material: S: MNHN).
 Listroderes pubescens Germain, 1895: 481 (type locality: Chile: Magallanes; type material: L: MHNS and PL: 7 MHNS and 2 NZAC); Kuschel, 1955: 289 (= L. griseus).
 Acrostomus griseus; Morrone, 1994e: 6.
 Distribution. Southern Argentina and southern Chile (Morrone, 1994b).
description: Published as part of Morrone, Juan J., 2011, Annotated checklist of the tribe Listroderini (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Cyclominae) 3119, pp. 1-68 in Zootaxa 3119 (1) on page 8, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3119.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5246257
Quantitative comparative analysis of human erythrocyte surface proteins between individuals from two genetically distinct populations
Creators: name: Ravenhill, Benjamin J.
name: Kanjee, Usheer
name: Ahouidi, Ambroise
name: Nobre, Luis
name: Williamson, James
name: Goldberg, Jonathan M.
name: Antrobus, Robin
name: Dieye, Tandakha
name: Duraisingh, Manoj T.
name: Weekes, Michael P.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: Article
/631/553
/631/1647/2067
/631/250/255/1629
/13/1
/13/31
/82/58
article

description: Abstract: Red blood cells (RBCs) play a critical role in oxygen transport, and are the focus of important diseases including malaria and the haemoglobinopathies. Proteins at the RBC surface can determine susceptibility to disease, however previous studies classifying the RBC proteome have not used specific strategies directed at enriching cell surface proteins. Furthermore, there has been no systematic analysis of variation in abundance of RBC surface proteins between genetically disparate human populations. These questions are important to inform not only basic RBC biology but additionally to identify novel candidate receptors for malarial parasites. Here, we use ‘plasma membrane profiling’ and tandem mass tag-based mass spectrometry to enrich and quantify primary RBC cell surface proteins from two sets of nine donors from the UK or Senegal. We define a RBC surface proteome and identify potential Plasmodium receptors based on either diminished protein abundance, or increased variation in RBCs from West African individuals.
Classification of Cardiac Arrhythmias from Single Lead ECG with a Convolutional Recurrent Neural Network
Creators: name: Van Zaen, Jérôme
name: Chételat, Olivier
name: Lemay, Mathieu
name: Calvo, Enric M.
name: Delgado-Gonzalo, Ricard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: While most heart arrhythmias are not immediately harmful, they can lead to severe complications. In particular, atrial fibrillation, the most common arrhythmia, is characterized by fast and irregular heart beats and increases the risk of suffering a stroke. To detect such abnormal heart conditions, we propose a system composed of two main parts: a smart vest with two cooperative sensors to collect ECG data and a neural network architecture to classify heart rhythms. The smart vest uses two dry bi-electrodes to record a single lead ECG signal. The biopotential signal is then streamed via a gateway to the cloud where a neural network detects and classifies the heart arrhythmias. We selected an architecture that combines convolutional and recurrent layers. The convolutional layers extract relevant features from sliding windows of ECG and the recurrent layer aggregates them for a final softmax layer that performs the classification. Our neural network achieves an accuracy of 87.50% on the dataset of the challenge of Computing in Cardiology 2017.
description: Nominated to best paper award
A review of seizures and epilepsy following traumatic brain injury
Creators: name: Fordington, Surina
name: Manford, Mark
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Neurological Update
Epilepsy
Traumatic brain injury
Dissociative seizures

description: Abstract: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the commonest presentations to emergency departments and is associated with seizures carrying different significance at different stages following injury. We describe the epidemiology of early and late seizures following TBI, the significance of intracranial haemorrhage of different types in the risk of later epilepsy and the gaps in current understanding of risk factors contributing to the risk of post-traumatic epilepsy (PTE). The delay from injury to epilepsy presents an opportunity to understand the mechanisms underlying changes in the brain and how they may reveal potential targets for anti-epileptogenic therapy. We review existing treatments, both medical and surgical and conclude that current research is not tailored to differentiate between PTE and other forms of focal epilepsy. Finally, we review the increasing understanding of the frequency and significance of dissociative seizures following mild TBI.
The effects of high strain-rate and in-plane restraint on quasi-statically loaded laminated glass: a theoretical study with applications to blast enhancement
Creators: name: Angelides, Socrates C.
name: Talbot, James P.
name: Overend, Mauro
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: SI: Glass Performance Paper
Laminated glass
Blast response
Strain-rate
In-plane restraint
Post-fracture

description: Abstract: Laminated glass panels are increasingly used to improve the blast resilience of glazed facades, as part of efforts to mitigate the threat posed to buildings and their occupants by terrorist attacks. The blast response of these ductile panels is still only partially understood, with an evident knowledge gap between fundamental behaviour at the material level and observations from full-scale blast tests. To enhance our understanding, and help bridge this gap, this paper adopts a ‘first principles’ approach to investigate the effects of high strain-rate, associated with blast loading, and the in-plane restraint offered by blast-resistant frames. These are studied by developing simplified analytical beam models, for all stages of deformation, that account for the enhanced properties of both the glass and the interlayer at high strain-rates. The increased shear modulus of the interlayer results in a composite bending response of the un-fractured laminated glass. This also enhances the residual post-fracture bending moment capacity, arising from the combined action of the glass fragments in compression and the interlayer in tension, which is considered negligible under low strain-rates. The post-fracture resistance is significantly improved by the introduction of in-plane restraint, due to the membrane action associated with panel stretching under large deflections. This is demonstrated by developing a yield condition that accounts for the relative contributions of bending and membrane action, and applying the upper bound theorem of plasticity, assuming a tearing failure of the interlayer. Future work aims to complete the theoretical framework by including the assessment of plate-action and inertia effects.
Kryptographiebasierte Kommunikationsformen für Vereine und Verbände
Creators: name: Mielke, Bettina
name: Wolff, Christian
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Kryptographie; Kommunikationsformen WWW
subject: 340 Recht
subject: 004 Informatik

description: Die Verfügbarkeit unterschiedlicher Kommunikationsformen innerhalb des Internet wirkt sich bereits seit einiger Zeit auch auf die Arbeit von Vereinen und Verbänden aus: • Informationen über Verbandsaktivitäten werden über das WWW bereit-gestellt. • Mitglieder werden über elektronische Postverteiler per e-mail informiert oder • können in Diskussionsforen über unterschiedliche Themengebiete mit Bezug zur Arbeit des Vereins oder Verbands durchführen. In diesem Aufsatz wollen wir aufzeigen, wie unter Einsatz kryptographi-scher Verfahren weitere typische Kommunikationsformen (Meinungsbil-dungsprozesse, Umfragen, Wahlen) mit elektronischen Mitteln durchgeführt werden können und welche rechtlichen Rahmenbedingungen dabei zu be-achten sind. Die Untersuchung geht dabei von der Situation der Gesellschaft für linguistische Datenverarbeitung (GLDV) als typischem Beispiel einer wissenschaftlichen Vereinigung aus.
Numerical study of condensation in a Fermi-like model of conterflowing particles via Gini coefficient
Creators: name: Stock, Eduardo V.
name: da Silva, Roberto
name: da Cunha, Carlo R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The collective motion of self-driven particles shows interesting novel phenomena such as swarming and the emergence of patterns. We have recently proposed a model for counterflowing particles that captures this idea and exhibits clogging transitions. This model is based on a generalization of the Fermi-Dirac statistics wherein the maximal occupation of a cell is used. Here we present a detailed study comparing synchronous and asynchronous stochastic dynamics within this model. We show that an asynchronous updating scheme supports the mobile-clogging transition and eliminates some mobility anomalies that are present in synchronous Monte Carlo simulations. Moreover, we show that this transition is dependent upon its initial conditions. Although the Gini coefficient was originally used to model wealth inequalities, we show that it is also efficient for studying the mobile-clogging transition. Finally, we compare our stochastic simulation with direct numerical integration of partial differential equations used to describe this model.
description: 17 pages, 10 figures