cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Look At Me, No Replay! SurpriseNet: Anomaly Detection Inspired Class Incremental Learning
Creators: name: Lee, Anton
name: Zhang, Yaqian
name: Gomes, Heitor Murilo
name: Bifet, Albert
name: Pfahringer, Bernhard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Continual learning aims to create artificial neural networks capable of accumulating knowledge and skills through incremental training on a sequence of tasks. The main challenge of continual learning is catastrophic interference, wherein new knowledge overrides or interferes with past knowledge, leading to forgetting. An associated issue is the problem of learning "cross-task knowledge," where models fail to acquire and retain knowledge that helps differentiate classes across task boundaries. A common solution to both problems is "replay," where a limited buffer of past instances is utilized to learn cross-task knowledge and mitigate catastrophic interference. However, a notable drawback of these methods is their tendency to overfit the limited replay buffer. In contrast, our proposed solution, SurpriseNet, addresses catastrophic interference by employing a parameter isolation method and learning cross-task knowledge using an auto-encoder inspired by anomaly detection. SurpriseNet is applicable to both structured and unstructured data, as it does not rely on image-specific inductive biases. We have conducted empirical experiments demonstrating the strengths of SurpriseNet on various traditional vision continual-learning benchmarks, as well as on structured data datasets. Source code made available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8247906 and https://github.com/tachyonicClock/SurpriseNet-CIKM-23
Regulatory Linguistic Requirements for Product Labelling in the Internal Market of the European Union
Creators: name: Van Der Jeught, Stefaan
Publisher: name: Comparative Law and Language
Year: 2022

description: The free movement of goods is one of the four core freedoms in the EU internal market. In that regard, the linguistic diversity of the EU can form an obstacle to the achievement of that aim, when on a national or even subnational level specific regulatory linguistic requirements are imposed on the labelling of products. The tension between market integration and economic efficiency on the one hand and linguistic diversity, on the other, has been dealt with in a wide array of linguistic arrangements laid down in various EU regulations and directives. However, rather than tackling this issue in a general and uniform way, EU legislation proceeds on a case-to-case basis. The lack of a global and coherent policy in this regard has resulted in heterogeneous linguistic arrangements, which are inconsistent as to the distribution of power between the EU and its Member States, and create some degree of legal uncertainty. It is argued in this article that more coherence is needed on the basis of clear and transparent general criteria such as product hazards, public health and consumer protection. As a general rule, a better balance should be struck between the essential principles underlying any linguistic regulatory provision, namely the freedom of language (for manufacturers, importers and distributors) to market their products in the EU internal market on the one hand, and the territoriality principle on the other, according to which EU Member States may determine the use of languages on their territory in order to protect end-users and consumers.
description: Comparative Law and Language, Vol. 1 No. 1 (2022): CLL Vol.1 No. 1 2022
Latent-heat and non-linear vortex liquid at the vicinity of the first-order phase transition in layered high-Tc superconductors
Creators: name: Dolz, M. I.
name: Fasano, Y.
name: Pastoriza, H.
name: Mosser, V.
name: Li, M.
name: Konczykowski, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we revisit the vortex matter phase diagram in layered superconductors solving still open questions by means of AC and DC local magnetic measurements in the paradigmatic Bi$_{2}$Sr$_{2}$CaCu$_{2}$O$_{8}$ compound. We show that measuring with AC magnetic techniques is mandatory in order to probe the bulk response of vortex matter, particularly at high-temperatures where surface barriers for vortex entrance dominate. From the $T_{\rm FOT}$-evolution of the enthalpy and latent-heat at the transition we find that, contrary to previous reports, the nature of the dominant interlayer coupling is electromagnetic in the whole temperature range. By studying the dynamic properties of the phase located at $T \gtrsim T_{\rm FOT}$, we reveal the spanning in a considerable fraction of the phase diagram of a non-linear vortex phase suggesting bulk pinning might play a role even in the liquid vortex phase.
description: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1212.4564
Additional file 1 of Rapid establishment of a national surveillance of COVID-19 hospitalizations in Belgium
Creators: name: Goethem, Nina Van
name: Vilain, Aline
name: Wyndham-Thomas, Chloé
name: Deblonde, Jessika
name: Bossuyt, Nathalie
name: Tinne Lernout
name: Gonzalez, Javiera Rebolledo
name: Quoilin, Sophie
name: Melis, Vincent
name: Beckhoven, Dominique Van
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Timeline of changes applied to the data collection in the Surge Capacity survey in Belgium, February – June 2020. Scheme of the changes applied to the data collection in the Surge Capacity survey with their respective dates of implementation.
Additional file 2 of Rapid establishment of a national surveillance of COVID-19 hospitalizations in Belgium
Creators: name: Goethem, Nina Van
name: Vilain, Aline
name: Wyndham-Thomas, Chloé
name: Deblonde, Jessika
name: Bossuyt, Nathalie
name: Tinne Lernout
name: Gonzalez, Javiera Rebolledo
name: Quoilin, Sophie
name: Melis, Vincent
name: Beckhoven, Dominique Van
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2. Variables list, description and data inclusion/removal of the Clinical survey admission and discharge forms. List of the variables in the Clinical survey with their date of addition/removal.
Knowledge Café: Open Data in the forefront: driving policy decisions for climate justice
Creators: name: Manola, Natalia
name: Filograna, Antonio
name: Prette, Davide
name: Perossini, Fabio
name: Cabello, Cecilia
name: Papadaki, Lydia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: As per tradition, OpenAIRE will actively contribute to the International Open Access Week 2022 initiatives with interactive sessions and thought-provoking panel discussions connected to the theme of this year “Open for Climate Justice”. Knowledge Café:
 Open Data in the forefront: driving policy decisions for climate justice During this session, discussion will be focused on how open access is contributing to Climate Justice at policy level. Why is the scientific contribution fundamental for policymakers? Natalia Manola, CEO of OpenAIRE, will interview experts who are fully involved in using the open data to support strategic policy decisions to understand what the current status of opening data is and what they envision in the future.

 Speakers:
 - Cecilia Cabello, Director of Operations, FECYT, Spain, IntelComp Project
 - Antonio Filograna, Senior Researcher at Engineering Ingegneria Informatica S.p.A, Italy, DECIDO Project
 - Davide Prette, CEO of Kpeople Research Foundation, Malta, DECIDO Project
 - Fabio Perossini, Kpeople Research Foundation in Malta
 - Prof. Phoebe Koundouri, AUEB & DTU, Director SDU, ATHENA RC, Lead of Living Lab on Climate Changen - IntelComp Project Moderator:
 - Natalia Manola, CEO, OpenAIRE Recording also in Youtube - https://youtu.be/6vD4UtTt088
Exotics and PWA for piN Scattering
Creators: name: Azimov, Yakov
name: Strakovsky, Igor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Our talk is intended for the session in memory of Mitya Diakonov. The problem is considered of existence of flavor multiplets consisting of multi-quark baryons. We have argued that the S-matrix should have poles, at least Regge ones, with any quantum numbers, including exotic. This is a novel argument for possible a proof, yet there are no theoretical arguments to forbid exotics. Then we apply the partial-wave analysis (PWA) with addressing mainly to the non-strange exotic members of the anti-decuplet or even of higher multiplets. It suggested new N(1680) as a possible partner of Theta+. Later independent measurements of several collaborations seem to support our finding for N(1680), though its quantum numbers still wait for investigation. Similar approach to pi+ - proton scattering, in combination with K+ - proton scattering, suggests a number of candidates for 27-plets. Their interesting feature is possible existence of both very wide and very narrow baryon states. This phenomenon may be analogous to recent Weinberg's suggestion for tetra-quark mesons. The situation is worth of further theoretical and experimental studies.
description: 5 pages, 3 photos; to be published in Proceedings of the XVth International Conference on Hadron Spectroscopy (Hadron 2013), Nara, Japan, Nov. 2013
Additional file 3 of Rapid establishment of a national surveillance of COVID-19 hospitalizations in Belgium
Creators: name: Goethem, Nina Van
name: Vilain, Aline
name: Wyndham-Thomas, Chloé
name: Deblonde, Jessika
name: Bossuyt, Nathalie
name: Tinne Lernout
name: Gonzalez, Javiera Rebolledo
name: Quoilin, Sophie
name: Melis, Vincent
name: Beckhoven, Dominique Van
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 3. Comparison baseline characteristics of patients in the Clinical survey based on the availability of admissions and/or discharge form. Baseline characteristics of patients in the Clinical survey with both discharge and admission forms vs patients without discharge form, and patients without admission form.
Knowledge Café: Research communities & climate action; being open to drive change
Creators: name: Venkataraman, Shanmugasundaram
name: Oliveira, Anabela
name: Fouilloux, Anne
name: Backeberg, Bjorn
name: Rapsomanikis, Spyridon
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: As per tradition, OpenAIRE will actively contribute to the International Open Access Week 2022 initiatives with interactive sessions and thought-provoking panel discussions connected to the theme of this year “Open for Climate Justice”. Knowledge Café:
 Research communities & climate action; being open to drive change This session will invite expert researchers to discuss their scientific impact in climate related topics. Why are they embracing open science practices in their current research workflows? How are they using the resources provided in the European Open Science Cloud (EOSC)? Is open access enabling researchers to contribute better to Climate Change solutions? If you’re curious about these innovative initiatives by the research communities, make sure you attend! Speakers:
 - Anne Fouilloux, Head of the Nordic Earth System Modelling Hub, RELIANCE Project
 - Anabela de Oliveira, National Laboratory for Civil Engineers, Portugal, EGI-ACE Project
 - Bjorn Backeberg, Senior Researcher at Deltares, Marine & Coastal Systems, the Netherlands, C-SCALE Project
 - Prof Spyridon Rapsomanikis, Athena RC, NEANIAS Moderator:
 - Shanmugasundaram Venkataraman, Training Officer, OpenAIRE Recordings also in Youtube - https://youtu.be/rj8IUNHAJ9g
Constancy and trade-offs in the neuroanatomical and metabolic design of the cerebral cortex
Creators: name: Karbowski, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Mammalian brains span about 4 orders of magnitude in cortical volume and have to operate in different environments that require diverse behavioral skills. Despite these geometric and behavioral diversities, the examination of cerebral cortex across species reveals that it contains a substantial number of conserved characteristics that are associated with neuroanatomy and metabolism, i.e. with neuronal connectivity and function. Some of these cortical constants or invariants have been known for a long time but not sufficiently appreciated, and others were only recently discovered. The focus of this review is to present the cortical invariants and discuss their role in the efficient information processing. Global conservation in neuroanatomy and metabolism, as well as their correlated regional and developmental variability suggest that these two parallel systems are mutually coupled. It is argued that energetic constraint on cortical organization can be strong if cerebral blood supplied is either below or above a certain level, and it is rather soft otherwise. Moreover, because maximization or minimization of parameters associated with cortical connectivity, function and cost often leads to conflicts in design, it is argued that the architecture of the cerebral cortex is a result of structural and functional compromises.
description: Review article on invariants in the brain of mammals
Additional file 1 of Crosstalk between microglia and patient-derived glioblastoma cells inhibit invasion in a three-dimensional gelatin hydrogel model
Creators: name: Jee-Wei Emily Chen
name: Lumibao, Jan
name: Leary, Sarah
name: Sarkaria, Jann N.
name: Steelman, Andrew J.
name: H. Rex Gaskins
name: Harley, Brendan A. C.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Figure S1. Raw images for β-actin Western blot samples (left three: MG single; right three: MG co). Figure S2. Raw images for CD68 Western blot samples (left three: MG single; right three: MG co). Table S1. Selected gene ontology (GO) biological process terms that showed significant differences in overrepresented test of GBM co-culture compared to single culture. Table S2. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways that showed significant differences in overrepresented test of GBM co-culture compared to single culture. Table S3. Secretome profiling pixel intensities for individual blots.
title: Climate-related stressors and their effects on sablefish (Anoplopoma fimbria) cardiorespiratory physiology and immunology
Creators: name: Leeuwis, Robine Helena Jannigje
Publisher: name: Memorial University of Newfoundland
Year: 2023

description: Fish in aquatic environments worldwide are increasingly experiencing extreme abiotic conditions, including high temperatures and hypoxia, due to global warming and eutrophication related to anthropogenic activities. However, our understanding of how these climate-related stressors impact fish physiology is often limited, and many critical questions in this area of ecophysiology research remain unanswered. In this dissertation, I have addressed several knowledge gaps related to fish (teleost) cardiorespiratory physiology and immunology, using the sablefish (Anoplopoma fimbria) as a model species. The sablefish is an economically and ecologically important species in the North Pacific, and an emerging aquaculture species, and it has a unique life history as it encounters a wide range of temperatures and O₂ levels in the wild. My research shows that sablefish, as compared to Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar), are only slightly less tolerant of acute exposure to high temperatures (critical thermal maximum ~25°C), but much more tolerant of acute hypoxia (O₂ level at loss of equilibrium ~5% air sat.). However, I also discovered that acute hypoxia can substantially constrain the cardiorespiratory response and tolerance of sablefish when subsequently exposed to elevated temperatures. This finding has major ecological implications for fishes given that high temperatures and hypoxia often co-occur in the environment. Finally, I found that chronic hypoxia can impair the sablefish’s adaptive immune response (as measured by total IgM antibody titers) to antigens of the pathogen Aeromonas salmonicida, a bacteria that frequently causes disease (furunculosis) in various aquaculture fish species. On the other hand, chronic hypoxia only had a limited effect on the innate immune response. Thus, this research highlights that distinct branches of the fish immune system can respond differently to hypoxia. Overall, this thesis provides key ecophysiological data on the sablefish, and greatly improves our fundamental knowledge of the impact of environmental stressors on fishes. In addition, these results help us to understand, and predict, the consequences of climate change on fish species with importance to fisheries, aquaculture, and conservation efforts.
Varieties of mathematical understanding
Creators: name: Avigad, Jeremy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: History and Overview (math.HO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 00A35, 01A67 (Primary) 52-02, 52-08 (Secondary)

description: This essay considers ways that recent uses of computers in mathematics challenge contemporary views on the nature of mathematical understanding. It also puts these challenges in a historical perspective and offers speculation as to a possible resolution.
Simultaneous detection of rotational and translational motion in optical tweezers by measurement of backscattered intensity
Creators: name: Roy, Basudev
name: Bera, Sudipta K.
name: Banerjee, Ayan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe a simple yet powerful technique of simultaneously measuring both translational and rotational motion of mesoscopic particles in optical tweezers by measuring the backscattered intensity on a quadrant photodiode (QPD). While the measurement of translational motion by taking the difference of the backscattered intensity incident on adjacent quadrants of a QPD is well-known, we demonstrate that rotational motion can be measured very precisely by taking the difference between the diagonal quadrants. The latter measurement eliminates the translational component entirely, and leads to a detection sensitivity of around 50 mdeg at S/N of 2 for angular motion of a driven micro-rod. The technique is also able to resolve the translational and rotational Brownian motion components of the micro-rod in an unperturbed trap, and can be very useful in measuring translation-rotation coupling of micro-objects induced by hydrodynamic interactions.
Phonon Dynamics and Inelastic Neutron Scattering of Sodium Niobate
Creators: name: Mishra, S. K.
name: Gupta, M. K.
name: Mittal, R.
name: Zbiri, M.
name: Rols, S.
name: Schober, H.
name: Chaplot, S. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Sodium niobate (NaNbO3) exhibits most complex sequence of structural phase transitions in perovskite family and therefore provides as excellent model system for understanding the mechanism of structural phase transitions. We report temperature dependence of inelastic neutron scattering measurements of phonon densities of states in sodium niobate. The measurements are carried out in various crystallographic phases of this material at various temperatures from 300 K to 1048 K. The phonon spectra exhibit peaks centered around 19, 37, 51, 70 and 105 meV. Interestingly, the peak around 70 meV shifts significantly towards lower energy with increasing temperature, while the other peaks do not exhibit an appreciable change. The phonon spectra at 783 K show prominent change and become more diffusive as compared to those at 303 K. In order to better analyze these features, we have performed first principles lattice dynamics calculations based on the density functional theory. The computed phonon density of states is found to be in good agreement with the experimental data. Based on our calculation we are able to assign the characteristic Raman modes in the antiferroelectric phase to the A1g symmetry, which are due to the folding of the T (w=95 cm-1) and delta(w=129 cm-1) points of the cubic Brillouin zone.
description: 19 pages, 8 figures, 2 tables
Study on formation of Zn-nitrilotripropionic acid binary complexes (Zn-NTP)
Creators: name: Francisco, Rodriguez Troconis
name: Lorena, Araujo Mary
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: emf
binary complex
equilibrium chemistry
nitrilitripropionic acid
zinc
stability
ionic
complejo
solucion
equilibrio
nitrilitripropiónico
estabilidad
formacion
constante
ionico
electromotriz

description: Study on the formation of binary complexes of Zn-NTP (zinc - nitrilotripropionic acid) The systems were studied by means of emf measurements in ionic medium of NaCl 3M, at 25 °C. Experimental data analysis of all systems was carried out by using the least squares method and the program LETAGROP. As a result, the protonation constants of the system H+-H3L (H3L = NTP) and stability constants for the binary complex Zn(II)- H3L at different molar ratios were obtained. Los sistemas fueron estudiados mediante medidas de fem en medio iónico NaCl 3M, a 25 °C. Análisis de datos experimentales de los sistemas se llevaron a cabo con el método de mínimos cuadrados con el programa LETAGROP. Las constantes de protonación del sistema H+-H3L (H3L = NTP) y constantes de estabilidad para el complejo binario Zn(II)- H3L a diferentes relaciones molares fueron obtenidas.
Local interdefinability of Weierstrass elliptic functions
Creators: name: Jones, Gareth
name: Kirby, Jonathan
name: Servi, Tamara
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 03C64 11U09

description: We explain which Weierstrass elliptic functions are locally definable from other elliptic functions and exponentiation in the context of o-minimal structures. The proofs make use of the predimension method from model theory to exploit functional transcendence theorems in a systematic way.
Additional file 4 of Rapid establishment of a national surveillance of COVID-19 hospitalizations in Belgium
Creators: name: Goethem, Nina Van
name: Vilain, Aline
name: Wyndham-Thomas, Chloé
name: Deblonde, Jessika
name: Bossuyt, Nathalie
name: Tinne Lernout
name: Gonzalez, Javiera Rebolledo
name: Quoilin, Sophie
name: Melis, Vincent
name: Beckhoven, Dominique Van
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 4. Comparison of mortality figures from the Clinical survey with the Surge Capacity survey. Comparison of the proportion of lab-confirmed deaths reported and the age and sex of lab-confirmed deceased persons between the Clinical survey and the Surge Capacity survey.
Maximal distance travelled by N vicious walkers till their survival
Creators: name: Kundu, Anupam
name: Majumdar, Satya N.
name: Schehr, Gregory
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider $N$ Brownian particles moving on a line starting from initial positions ${\bf{u}}\equiv \{u_1,u_2,\dots u_N\}$ such that $0
description: 28 pages, 9 figures
Electrodynamics of superconducting pnictide superlattices
Creators: name: Perucchi, A.
name: Capitani, F.
name: Di Pietro, P.
name: Lupi, S.
name: Lee, S.
name: Kang, J. H.
name: Jiang, J.
name: Weiss, J. D.
name: Hellstrom, E. E.
name: Eom, C. B.
name: Dore, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has been recently reported (S. Lee et al., Nature Materials 12, 392, 2013) that superlattices where layers of the 8% Co-doped BaFe2As2 superconducting pnictide are intercalated with non superconducting ultrathin layers of either SrTiO3 or of oxygen-rich BaFe2As2, can be used to control flux pinning, thereby increasing critical fields and currents, without significantly affecting the critical temperature of the pristine superconducting material. However, little is known about the electron properties of these systems. Here we investigate the electrodynamics of these superconducting pnictide superlattices in the normal and superconducting state by using infrared reflectivity, from THz to visible range. We find that multi-gap structure of these superlattices is preserved, whereas some significant changes are observed in their electronic structure with respect to those of the original pnictide. Our results suggest that possible attempts to further increase the flux pinning may lead to a breakdown of the pnictide superconducting properties.
description: 4 pages, two figures
A nucleotide-level coarse-grained model of RNA
Creators: name: Šulc, Petr
name: Romano, Flavio
name: Ouldridge, Thomas E.
name: Doye, Jonathan P. K.
name: Louis, Ard A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We present a new, nucleotide-level model for RNA, oxRNA, based on the coarse-graining methodology recently developed for the oxDNA model of DNA. The model is designed to reproduce structural, mechanical and thermodynamic properties of RNA, and the coarse-graining level aims to retain the relevant physics for RNA hybridization and the structure of single- and double-stranded RNA. In order to explore its strengths and weaknesses, we test the model in a range of nanotechnological and biological settings. Applications explored include the folding thermodynamics of a pseudoknot, the formation of a kissing loop complex, the structure of a hexagonal RNA nanoring, and the unzipping of a hairpin motif. We argue that the model can be used for efficient simulations of the structure of systems with thousands of base pairs, and for the assembly of systems of up to hundreds of base pairs. The source code implementing the model is released for public use.
description: 25 pages
Radiative thermal rectification using superconducting materials
Creators: name: Nefzaoui, Elyes
name: Joulain, Karl
name: Drevillon, Jérémie
name: Ezzahri, Younès
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Thermal rectification phenomenon is a manifestation of an asymmetry in the heat flux when the temperature difference between two interacting thermal reservoirs is reversed. In this letter, we present a far-field radiative thermal rectifier based on high temperature superconducting materials with a rectification ratio up to $80%$. This value is among the highest reported in literature. Two configurations are examined : a superconductor (Tl$_2$Ba$_2$CaCu$_2$O$_8$) exchanging heat with 1) a black body and 2) another superconductor, YBa$_2$Cu$_3$O$_7$ in this case. The first configuration shows a higher maximal rectification ratio. Besides, we show that the two superconductors rectifier exhibits different rectification regimes depending on the choice of the reference temperature, i.e the temperature of the thermostat. Presented results might be useful for energy conversion devices, efficient cryogenic radiative insulators engineering and thermal logical circuits development.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, submitted to Applied Physics Letters
title: The dramatic property: a new paradigm of applied theatre practice for a globalised media culture
Creators: name: Sutton, Paul
Publisher: name: University of Kent
Year: 2022

description: This thesis tests through theatre and drama the Dramatic Property as a new paradigm of Applied Theatre activity. It does this through the artistic practice of The Dark Theatre, Cambat and the livingnewspaper.com - projects developed by Paul Sutton, Artistic Director of the Theatre Company, C&T - and through the analysis of these works. These are presented here as four Dark Theatre comics, an archive CD-ROM of the Cambat website and two CD-ROMs for the livingnewspsaper.com. The first of these is an actual part of the livingnewspaper.com project, as used by participants. The second disc is a presentation of the processes and functions of the project on and offline. The written component of this thesis marks out the practical and theoretical territory that the paradigm of the Dramatic Property seeks to occupy. It does this by setting out the early practice of C&T and by identifying the factors that led the company to seek to develop a new model of practice. It then moves on to explore young people’s relationship to the fabric of early twenty-first century media culture and their engagement with it. It argues that the processes of drama naturally underpin this fabric, particularly when considering immersive digital media. It then goes on to extrapolate from the practice-as-research dimension of this thesis the concepts, forms and synergies that underpin the paradigm as a whole. In particular it identifies five qualities so far generic to all Dramatic Properties and maps out the synergies that underpin their value to the paradigm. Finally, case studies of the three Dramatic Properties under examination contextualise and theorise the practice documentation.
An inverse problem in periodic diffractive optics: Reconstruction of Lipschitz grating profiles
Creators: name: Elschner, Johannes
name: Yamamoto, Masahiro
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Diffraction grating
subject: profile reconstruction
subject: optimization method
subject: convergence analysis
subject: 35R30
subject: 35J05
subject: 78A46
subject: 78M50

description: We consider the problem of recovering a two-dimensional periodic structure from scattered waves measured above the structure. Following an approach by Kirsch and Kress, this inverse problem is reformulated as a nonlinear optimization problem. We develop a theoretical basis for the reconstruction method in the case of an arbitrary Lipschitz grating profile. The convergence analysis is based on new perturbation and stability results for the forward problem.
Antineutron and antiproton nuclear interactions at very low energies
Creators: name: Friedman, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Experimental annihilation cross sections of antineutrons and antiprotons at very low energies are compared. Features of Coulomb focusing are observed for $\bar p$ annihilation on protons. Direct comparisons for heavier targets are not straightforward due to lack of overlap between targets and energies of experimental results for $\bar p$ and $\bar n$. Nevertheless, the annihilation cross sections for $\bar n$ on nuclei cannot be described by an optical potential that fits well all the available data on $\bar p$ interactions with nuclei. Comparisons made with the help of this potential reveal in the $\bar n$ data features similar to Coulomb focusing. Direct comparisons between $\bar n$ and $\bar p$ annihilations at very low energies would be possible when $\bar p$ cross sections are measured on the same targets and at the same energies as the available cross sections for $\bar n$. Such measurements may be possible in the foreseeable future.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures. To appear in Nuclear Physics A
Towards safer anti-inflammatory therapy: synthesis of new thymol–pyrazole hybrids as dual COX-2/5-LOX inhibitors
Creators: name: El-Miligy, Mostafa M. M.
name: Al-Kubeisi, Ahmed K.
name: Bekhit, Mohamed G.
name: El-Zemity, Saad R.
name: Nassra, Rasha A.
name: Hazzaa, Aly A.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: New thymol − 1,5-disubstitutedpyrazole hybrids were synthesised as dual COX-2/5-LOX inhibitors. Compounds 8b, 8g, 8c, and 4a displayed in vitro inhibitory activity against COX-2 (IC50 = 0.043, 0.045, 0.063, and 0.068 µM) nearly equal to celecoxib (IC50 = 0.045 µM) with high SI (316, 268, 204, and 151, respectively) comparable to celecoxib (327). All target compounds, 4a–c and 8a–i, showed in vitro 5-LOX inhibitory activity higher than reference quercetin. Besides, they possessed in vivo inhibition of formalin-induced paw oedema higher than celecoxib. In addition, compounds 4a, 4b, 8b, and 8g showed superior gastrointestinal safety profile (no ulceration) as celecoxib and diclofenac sodium in the population of fasted rats. In conclusion, compounds 4a, 8b, and 8g achieved the target goal. They elicited in vitro dual inhibition of COX-2/5-LOX higher than celecoxib and quercetin, in vivo potent anti-inflammatory activity higher than celecoxib and in vivo superior gastrointestinal safety profile (no ulceration) as celecoxib.
Essays on Economic Development in Southeast Asia
Creators: name: Nguyen, Giang
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Southeast Asia
household registration system
migration
household consumption
childbearing
sibling sex composition
female labour market outcomes
endogeneity
instrumental variable
decomposition
rural - urban fertility gap
inequality

description: This thesis contains three essays on economic development in Southeast Asia. The broad objective of the thesis is to study different aspects of economic development in the region. The first essay examines the determinants of the consumption gap between migrant and urban households in Vietnam, paying particular attention to the role of the household registration (ho khau) system in shaping consumption of migrant households. Our findings indicate: (1) migrant households exhibit significantly lower consumption levels than comparable urban households and the observed gap is mainly driven by differences in non-food consumption; (2) the restrictions imposed by the ho khau system contribute significantly to the gap; (3) remittances of migrant households to family members in rural regions are responsible for a considerable part of the gap; and (4) the consumption gap declines with the duration of residence of migrant households in their destination cities. The second essay examines the effect of fertility on women's labor market outcomes in Indonesia using an instrumental variable approach. Parental preferences for a mixed sibling-sex composition are used to construct an instrumental variable to identify the causal effect of fertility on a range of outcome variables, including labor force participation, full-time employment, employment in the formal sector and occupational choices. Our findings indicate that childbearing of women whose fertility was affected by the sex composition of their offspring reduces labor force participation, formal employment and employment in occupations that are physically demanding and require a high level of commitment. The effect is stronger for women aged 21-35 years and ambiguous for women aged 36-49 years. The third essay investigates fertility differentials between rural and urban areas in Cambodia, Indonesia and the Philippines. A decomposition analysis based on both linear and count data models shows: (1) differences in individual and family characteristics between rural and urban areas have the largest contribution to the gap, although the contribution varies across countries; (2) differences in women's educational attainment have the strongest effect in Indonesia and Cambodia, while the wealth effect is largest in the Philippines; (3) husband's education differentials also contribute to a significant part of the gap; and (4) women's education appears to be more important for young women in reducing the gap than for older women, while the contribution of differences in the use of contraceptives is only significant for young women.
Additional file 7 of Adding team-based financial incentives to the Carrot Rewards physical activity app increases daily step count on a population scale: a 24-week matched case control study
Creators: name: Pearson, Emma
name: Prapavessis, Harry
name: Higgins, Christopher
name: Petrella, Robert
name: White, Lauren
name: Mitchell, Marc
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 7. Mean steps per day in the pre-intervention and intervention periods by number of Step Together Challenges completed.
Noncommutativity and Humanity -- Julius Wess and his Legacy
Creators: name: Djordjevic, Goran S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A personal view on Julius Wess's human and scientific legacy in Serbia and the Balkan region is given. Motivation for using noncommutative and nonarchimedean geometry on very short distances is presented. In addition to some mathematical preliminaries, we present a short introduction in adelic quantum mechanics in a way suitable for its noncommutative generalization. We also review the basic ideas and tools embedded in $q$-deformed and noncommutative quantum mechanics. A rather fundamental approach, called deformation quantization, is noted. A few relations between noncommutativity and nonarchimedean spaces, as well as similarities between corresponding quantum theories, in particular, quantum cosmology are pointed out. An extended Moyal product in a frame of an adelic noncommutative quantum mechanics is also considered.
description: 20 pages, needs ws-ijmpcs.cls (supplied)
Sensorimotor interfaces : towards enactivity in HCI
Creators: name: Carson, Iain
Publisher: name: University of St Andrews
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: QA76.9H85C28
subject: Human-computer interaction

description: This thesis explores the application of enactive techniques to human computer interaction, focusing on how devices following ‘sensorimotor’ principles can be blended with interface goals to lead to new perceptual experiences. Building sensorimotor interfaces is an exciting, emerging ﬁeld of research facing challenges surrounding application, design, training and uptake. To tackle these challenges, this thesis cuts a line of investigation from a review of enactivity in the related ﬁeld of sensory substitution and augmentation devices, to a schematic taxonomy, model and design guide of ‘the sensorimotor interface’; developed from a theoretically-grounded, enactive approach to cognition. Device, interaction and training guidelines are drawn from this model, formalising the application of the enactive approach to HCI. A readily-available consumer device is then characterised and calibrated in preparation for testing the model validity and associated insights. The process highlights the effects of accessible, easily-implemented calibrations, and the importance of mixed-method approaches in assessing sensorimotor interface potential. The calibrated device is utilised to conduct a detailed, methodological investigation into how concurrently available sensory information affects and contributes to uptake of novel sensorimotor skills. Robust statistical modelling concludes that sensory concurrency has a profound effect on the comprehension and integration of enactive haptic signals, and that efforts to carefully control the nature and degree of sensory concurrency improve user comprehension and enjoyability when engaging with novel sensorimotor tasks, while reducing confusion and stress. The work is concluded by speculation on how the presented derivations, methods and observations can be used to directly inﬂuence future sensorimotor interface design in HCI. This thesis therefore constitutes a primer to the principles and history of sensory substitution and augmentation, details the requirements and limitations of the enactive approach in academia and industry, and brings enactivity forward as an accessible, viable and exciting methodology in interaction design.
Spinfoams: Foundations
Creators: name: Engle, Jonathan
name: Speziale, Simone
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spinfoams provide a framework for the dynamics of loop quantum gravity that is manifestly covariant under the full four-dimensional diffeomorphism symmetry group of general relativity. In this way they complete the ideal of three-dimensional diffeomorphism covariance that consistently motivates loop quantum gravity at every step. Specifically, spinfoam models aim to provide a projector onto, and a physical inner product on, the simultaneous kernel of all of the constraints of loop quantum gravity by means of a discretization of the gravitational path integral. In the limit of small Planck constant, they are closely related to the path integral for Regge calculus, while at the same time retaining all of the tools of a canonical quantum theory of gravity. They may also be understood as generalizations of well-understood state sum models for topological quantum field theories. In this chapter, we review all of these aspects of spinfoams, as well as review in detail the derivation of the currently most used spinfoam model, the EPRL model, calculational tools for it, and the various extensions of it in the literature. We additionally summarize some of the successes and open problems in the field.
description: 43 pages, 1 figure, Invited Chapter for the Handbook of Quantum Gravity (Eds. Bambi, Modesto and Shapiro, Springer 2023)
Additional file 8 of Adding team-based financial incentives to the Carrot Rewards physical activity app increases daily step count on a population scale: a 24-week matched case control study
Creators: name: Pearson, Emma
name: Prapavessis, Harry
name: Higgins, Christopher
name: Petrella, Robert
name: White, Lauren
name: Mitchell, Marc
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 8. Completed TIDieR (Template for Intervention Description and Replication) Checklist.
Self-Shrinkers With Second Fundamental Form of Constant Length
Creators: name: Guang, Qiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this note, we give a new and simple proof of a result in {\cite{DX1}} which states that any smooth complete self-shrinker in $\mathbb{R}^3$ with second fundamental form of constant length must be a generalized cylinder $\mathbb{S}^k \times \mathbb{R}^{2-k}$ for some $k\leq2$. Moreover, we prove a gap theorem for smooth self-shrinkers in all dimensions.
description: 6 pages
title: Pluralité des buts dans l’activité évaluative certificative
Creators: name: Salvisberg, Miriam
name: Mottier Lopez, Lucie
Publisher: name: La Revue LEeE
Year: 2022
Subjects: activité évaluative certificative
évaluation des apprentissages
école obligatoire
buts
théorie des schèmes

description: À partir des données de la thèse de doctorat de Salvisberg (2021) et d’analyses secondaires, l’article interroge la pluralité des buts qui organisent et orientent l’activité évaluative certificative d’enseignants et d’enseignantes du canton du Tessin de l’école primaire et de l’école secondaire. Quand il s’agit d’attribuer des notes aux travaux de leurs élèves, dans quelle mesure les enseignants et enseignantes concernées visent-ils ou visent-elles d’autres buts que ceux qui sont strictement certificatifs ? Lesquels ? Comment se combinent-ils ? Que nous apprennent-ils sur une activité évaluative certificative pouvant potentiellement se mettre au service des apprentissages des élèves ? En s’appuyant sur les propositions de la littérature scientifique en évaluation, ainsi que sur des propositions conceptuelles permettant d’appréhender l’activité évaluative, les résultats présentés exposent les différents buts et sous-buts inférés, et quelques tensions entre eux et phénomènes qui en résultent sous forme d’arbitrage, de compromis et de renonciation. La synthèse des résultats engage une discussion sur certaines caractéristiques observées en faveur d’une évaluation certificative « pour apprendre », incluant des buts formatifs, motivationnels et relationnels, en plus de ceux qui sont propres à la certification des acquis des élèves.
Listenin Survey - Text
Creators: name: Wanke, Riccardo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 190409 Musicology and Ethnomusicology
subject: FOS: Arts (arts, history of arts, performing arts, music)
subject: 220312 Philosophy of Cognition
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: 170110 Psychological Methodology, Design and Analysis
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: This is an academic study to evaluate the perception of sound in different genres of contemporary music. The questionnaire explores audio-visual correspondences and is based on sound examples from music pieces and options for associated images. [available online at https://www.questionpro.com/t/ASqIQZmQC5]
Explicit solutions of the $\mathfrak{a}_1$-type Lie-Scheffers system and a general Riccati equation
Creators: name: Pietrzkowski, Gabriel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 17B80, 34A05, 34A26

description: For a general differential system $\dot x(t) = \sum_{d=1}^3 u_d(t)X_d$, where $X_d$ generates the simple Lie algebra of type $\mathfrak{a}_1$, we compute the explicit solution in terms of iterated integrals of products of $u_d$'s. As a byproduct we obtain the solution of a general Riccati equation by infinite quadratures.
description: 16 pages. The final publication is available at link.springer.com