cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Enhancing the Representativeness of the Ethiopian Electoral System
Creators: name: Beyene, Temesgen Sisay
Publisher: name: Bahir Dar University Journal of Law
Year: 2022

description: Electoral systems can be understood as a means by which popular votes can be converted into parliamentary seats on the basis of a scheme designed for this purpose by respective states. As specific contexts obviously vary, states are free to design an electoral system that best fits their particular realities. Designing an appropriate electoral system, however, essentially involves balancing its representativeness and accountability objectives. The purpose of this article is to investigate the salient features of the dominant electoral systems which are being practiced in major democracies of the world and identify a system that appropriately fits the Ethiopian context. Based on critical analysis of the majoritarian and proportional electoral systems and appraisal of the existing Ethiopia’s electoral system, it is argued that a Mixed Member Proportion (MMP) electoral system, which is an aspect of a mixed electoral system, best fits the Ethiopian situation as it can ensure representativeness and accountability together.
description: Bahir Dar University Journal of Law, Vol 6 No 2 (2016): Bahir Dar University Journal of Law
minoritarian ecologies: performance before a more-than-human world
Creators: name: Nikolic, Mirko
Publisher: name: University of Westminster
Year: 2017

description: This practice-based project investigates modalities of performing eco-aesthetic assemblages across the modern nature―culture divide. Assemblages are here understood as non-hierarchical associations between bodies that are different amongst themselves. I argue that eco-aesthetic practices that work towards naturalcultural assemblages contribute to the wider field of ecological thought and cultural understanding of the nonhuman environment or nature. The research uses a transversal practico-theoretical approach that, following posthumanist and neomaterialist elaborations of ontology and epistemology, creates a ‘material-discursive entanglement’ (Barad, 2007) of bodies and concepts. In this posthuman continuum of practice, I argue that eco-aesthetics is an ethico-political disposition of fostering relations of accountability and responsibility with the bodies implicated in performance, especially the nonhumans understood to be minorities in the current politico-economic organisation. The research is situated within the landscape of modern biopolitics, which is understood as a set of conceptual and material strategies of appropriation of life through the ‘logic of colonisation’ (Plumwood, 1993). Situated naturalcultural performances enact a different modality of ‘intra-action’ (Barad, 2007) with the world, by creating and maintaining fields in which life is seen as a force of generative difference. The dissertation is divided in three parts which correspond to three entangled modes of performing research. The first part is a critical ontology which individuates operative modalities of modern boundary-making techniques. This part also outlines an alternative landscape of art and philosophy which go beyond binary thinking. The second part, through a posthumanist reconfiguration of the concept of assemblage from Gilles Deleuze and Fèlix Guattari, and apparatus, in the work of Michel Foucault and Karen Barad, shapes an analytics for locating possibilities of material-discursive reconfiguration of the existing power relations. The third part follows the narrative of my artistic projects that sought to create naturalcultural performances with plants, trees, molecules of carbon-dioxide, sheep, and earth. This material-discursive entanglement of critique, analytics and performance as artistic practice together shapes a posthuman ecological praxis that is oriented towards naturalcultural justice.
Imam Mahdi, Antichrist Or A Promised Saviour Besides Jesus Christ?
Creators: name: Rezaie Khanghah, Reza
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Philosophy of religion
Other philosophy and religious studies not elsewhere classified
Studies in religious traditions (excl. Eastern, Jewish, Christian and Islamic traditions)
Religious studies not elsewhere classified
Theology
Theology not elsewhere classified
Islamic studies
Christian studies

description: Purpose: In this article, we discussed whether Imam Mahdi is an Antichrist or a Promised Saviour Besides Jesus Christ and other topics. This article attempts to deal with the concepts "Occultation", "Imamat", "Mahdaviat", "Mahdism" and Who is Antichrist that prophesied both in Islam and Christianity. Also, this research was conducted to answer and clarify three questions that stated in the Introduction section. Methods: We performed our methods in 4 stages: Identifying studies, Selection of Studies, Collating Studies, Reporting results. Results: One of the statements of those who say that Imam Mahdi is the Antichrist is that he is not included in other religious books at all and his name is not mentioned in the Quran and the Muslims forcibly accepted him as their Messiah, but in response to these people, it is not the Muslims who are forcibly introducing the Imam Mahdi as a savior, but vice versa. The Quran contains many verses that mention Imam Mahdi. Not only the Quran, but also other religious books mention him, even with the titles and names mentioned in the Qur'an. Conclusion: The coming of Imam Mahdi and Jesus Christ is one of the sure promises of God, and these two saviors will appear with God's help and the will of the people. They fill the earth with justice and establish the government of God. We hope this article will take an important step in acquainting people with Imam Mahdi and Jesus Christ and paving the ground for their reappearance.
OUR BODIES, OURSELVES, REVISTED? A QUALITATIVE STUDY ON THE PHYSIOLOGY OF FERTILITY AMONG HIGHLY EDUCATED WOMEN IN THE TRIANGLE REGION OF NORTH CAROLINA
Creators: name: DeMaria, Nancy
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Objectives: This study explores knowledge about the physiology of fertility and attitudes towards fertility awareness based methods (FABM) of family planning among 21-35 year old women with a completed or partially completed graduate level education living in the Triangle region of North Carolina. Methods: An eligible participant for this analysis includes any 21-35 year old women in the Triangle region of North Carolina who has completed or partially competed graduate education. Participants were selected by purposive, criterion, chain sampling. One-on-one pilot interviews (n = 2) and 5 focus groups of 4 participants each (n = 20) were conducted in April-June 2014 using a semi-structured guide developed by the author. Results: 1. Five major themes emerged from inductive study of the pilot interviews using ATLAS.ti: Uncertainty and Lack of Knowledge, Conflation of Terms, Relation to Artificial Methods, Receptivity and Conditionality. 2. Five major themes emerged from inductive study of the focus groups using ATLAS.ti: Uncertainty and Lack of Knowledge, Unawareness of Personal Fertility, Regret, Receptivity and Conditionality. These findings will help inform an online, generalizable, quantitative survey in the third phase of this study and inform clinical practice in Chapel Hill.
Space-time gradient metasurfaces
Creators: name: Hadad, Y.
name: Sounas, D. L.
name: Alu, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Metasurfaces characterized by a transverse gradient of local impedance have recently opened exciting directions for light manipulation at the nanoscale. Here we add a temporal gradient to the picture, showing that spatio-temporal variations over a surface may largely extend the degree of light manipulation in metasurfaces, and break several of their constraints associated to symmetries. As an example, we synthesize a non-reciprocal classical analogue to electromagnetic induced transparency, opening a narrow window of one-way transmission in an otherwise opaque surface. These properties pave the way to magnetic free, planarized non-reciprocal ultrathin surfaces for free-space isolation.
Sphecodes ferruginatus Hagens 1882
Creators: name: Pauly, Alain
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Halictidae
Sphecodes
Sphecodes ferruginatus

description: Sphecodes ferruginatus Hagens, 1882
25.IV.2013, vieux mur, 1♀.
description: Published as part of Pauly, Alain, 2019, Contribution à l'inventaire des abeilles sauvages de la Région de Bruxelles-Capitale et de la Forêt de Soignes (Hymenoptera: Apoidea), pp. 1-160 in Belgian Journal of Entomology 79 on page 94, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.13692631
The Ethiopian Constitutional Promises to the Nation and Nationalities: The Myth and the Operational Reality
Creators: name: Aytaged, Nigussie Afesha
Publisher: name: Bahir Dar University Journal of Law
Year: 2022

description: Federalism has been formally ushered into the Ethiopian Constitution. Stemming from the multiethnic nature of the Ethiopian state, the Constitution gives focused attention to the rights of the Nations, Nationalities and Peoples (NNP) and recognition to their involvement in all aspects of the country’s political life. In doing so, the Constitution has made several promises. These are, inter alia, creating one economic and political community, promoting the NNP culture, exercising full measure of self-governance and having equitable representation in the military. This article examines how these constitutional promises operate in practice and looks into the Ethiopian progress towards fulfilling these constitutional promises. This article also argues that the Ethiopian federal system has come some distance towards building one economic and political community and promoting NNP culture and language. However, there are poor records in realizing NNP who do not have their own regional state and have been subsumed in the nine regional states to establish their own state. There is also an unsatisfactory record with respect to equitable representation of various NNPs in the executive branch and the army. This article puts forward some solutions that would help tackle the aforementioned limitations. Primarily, the government must allow NNPs to exercise the right to unconditional state formation as vividly promised by the constitution. Otherwise, the constitution shall incorporate some conditions like “serous cause”, the fulfillment of which is required for the exercise of the right to establish one’s own regional state. As far as equitable representation in the federal and state government institution, including the army, is concerned, there should be a mechanism that ensures fair representation and creates functional societies where all NNP have opportunities to participate in the political administration, army and the executive branch.
description: Bahir Dar University Journal of Law, Vol 6 No 2 (2016): Bahir Dar University Journal of Law
Microdoma angulata Y 00
Creators: name: Yoo, E. K.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1994
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Gastropoda
Vetigastropoda
Microdomatidae
Microdoma

description: Microdoma angulata Y00 PI. 11 figs 11-13 Microdoma angulata Yoo, 1988: 243, figs 58-60. [table omitted] Additional material. 27 specimens from 'Marohn' (Locality 28), 1 from Swains Gully (Locality 25) and 7 from south-east of 'Rangari' (Locality 18). Geographic distribution. 'Rangari' to 'Marohn'. Geological age. Middle to late Tournaisian. Remarks. Microdoma angulata Yoo is similar to the European species Microdoma uniserrata Batten, but differs in having a large pleural angle and more collabral cords. This species is very different from other European species Microdoma triserrata Batten, Microdoma bicrenulata de Koninck, as well as North American species Microdoma conica Meek & Worthen and Microdoma ornata Sayre.
description: Published as part of Yoo, E. K., 1994, Early Carboniferous Gastropoda from the Tamworth Belt, New South Wales, Australia, pp. 63-120 in Records of the Australian Museum 46 (1) on page 82, DOI: 10.3853/j.0067-1975.46.1994.18, http://zenodo.org/record/4654599
description: {"references": ["Yoo, E. K., 1988. Early Carboniferous Mollusca from Gundy, Upper Hunter, New South Wales. Records of the Australian Museum 40 (4): 233 - 264."]}
Clustering for hydroclimatic extremes: a retrospective synthesis of the literature
Creators: name: Dogulu, Nilay
name: Brunner, Manuela Irene
name: Fischer, Svenja
name: Knoben, Wouter
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: clustering
literature review
machine learning
hydroclimatic extremes
hydrology
water resources

description: The presentation of the abstract IAHS2022-262: Dogulu, N., M. I. Brunner, S. Fischer, and W. Knoben. (2022) Clustering for hydroclimatic extremes: a retrospective synthesis of the literature. Abstract IAHS2022-262, IAHS 2022 Scientific Assembly, Montpellier, France, 29 May – 3 June 2022. https://doi.org/10.5194/iahs2022-262 which is partially based on the results from the following manuscript (by the same authors) in preparation: Clustering in hydrology: a systematic review and research outlook
Mechanisms for impulsive energy dissipation and small scale effects in micro-granular media
Creators: name: Bunyan, Jonathan
name: Vakakis, Alexander F.
name: Tawfick, Sameh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study impulse response in 1-D homogeneous micro-granular chains on a linear elastic substrate. Micro-granular interactions are analytically described by the Schwarz contact model which includes nonlinear compressive as well as snap-to/from-contact adhesive effects forming a hysteretic loop in the force deformation relationship. We observe complex transient dynamics, including disintegration of solitary pulses, local clustering and low- to high-frequency energy transfers resulting in enhanced energy dissipation. We study in detail the underlying dynamics of cluster formation in the impulsively loaded medium, and relate enhanced energy dissipation to the rate of cluster formation. These unusual and interesting dynamical phenomena are shown to be robust over a range of physically feasible conditions, and are solely scale effects, since they are attributed to surface forces, which have no effect at the macro-scale. We establish a universal relation between the re-clustering rate and the effective damping in these systems. Our findings demonstrate that scale effects generating new nonlinear features can drastically affect the dynamics and acoustics of micro-granular materials.
ENHANCING SOCIAL SUPPORT: COMMUNITY GROUPS FOR MEN WITH SUBSTANCE USE DISORDERS IN VANCE COUNTY, NC
Creators: name: Jeffries-Glover, Kela
name: McKeown, Adrian
name: Mendez Chacon, Juliane
name: Jackson, Amelia
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2025

description:
This proposal seeks to strengthen social and community support for men aged 18–45 in Vance County, North Carolina, who have past or present substance use disorders (SUD). The social and community context domain of the Social Determinants of Health framework was selected for its vital role in promoting well-being and community resilience. Leveraging local partnerships, including the Granville Vance Public Health Department and the NC Harm Reduction Coalition, this 2-year initiative will be guided by an interdisciplinary and community-driven steering committee to lead efforts which integrate harm reduction practices, enhance data sharing, and reduce stigma through implementation of SUD support groups and public education. Key strategies include community co-design sessions, harm-reduction integration, targeted training for law enforcement, and improved community data access tools to support quality improvement. Despite challenges such as bias against those with SUD, policy barriers, and financial constraints, this community-driven approach seeks to strengthen social connection, advance health equity, and improve community resilience within Vance County.


Successful implementation of this proposal will provide guidelines for rural counties working to overcome complex issues with substance use disorder.


Keywords: substance use disorders, public health, data transparency, social determinants of health, harm reduction
title: School Meals Case Study: Northern Ireland
Creators: name: Furey, Sinéad
name: Woodside, Jayne
Publisher: name: London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine
Year: 2022

description: This school meals case study forms part of a collection led by the Research Consortium for School Health and Nutrition’s "Good Examples" Community of Practice. Developed by Ulster University and Queen's University Belfast, the School Meals Case Study of Northern Ireland serves to document how the national school meals programme is organized, funded, and monitored throughout the country. The objectives of this case study include presenting an introduction to the country profile, outlining the design and implementation of school feeding programmes, describing their monitoring and evaluation processes, and highlighting lessons learned, best practices, and challenges. This case study is written as a working paper, and can be updated to reflect evolving circumstances. The ‘Good Examples’ Community of Practice supports the evidence generation of the Research Consortium for School Health and Nutrition, the evidence-generating arm of the School Meals Coalition. The Research Consortium’s objective is to carry out independent research across diverse sectors and generate solid, compelling, and actionable evidence regarding the benefits of school food programs to inform evidence-based decision-making on school health and nutrition policies and practices.
The Power to Administer Land in Ethiopia: Scrutinizing Federal Legislative Interventions
Creators: name: Semahagne, Habtamu Sitotaw
Publisher: name: Bahir Dar University Journal of Law
Year: 2022

description: This article examines the legislative interventions of the Federal Government against States’ power to administer land in Ethiopia. The Ethiopian federal system prohibits interventions against the functions assigned to one level of government. Nonetheless, when the Federal Government enacted the Urban Lands Registration Proclamation No. 818/2014 and it took the power to allocate land parcels above 5000hrs to investors from States by delegation, the process results for legislative intervention as it is contrary to what the federal system requires. Being qualitative methodologically, the article assessed the FDRE Constitution and relevant federal and regional rural land laws; reviewed related literature and conducted interviews. Following detailed analysis on the issues, the article recommends that the transferred land allocation power for investors shall be returned to States. Also, enacting urban land registration law should have been left to States by virtue of residual power under the Constitution.
description: Bahir Dar University Journal of Law, Vol 6 No 2 (2016): Bahir Dar University Journal of Law
Promoting Access to Safe Abortion Care for Women of All Ages: A Review of National Guidance on Abortion Care for Young Women in Sub-Saharan Africa
Creators: name: Ridenour, Alissabeth
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: This review examines medical guidelines from seven Sub-Saharan African countries, looking specifically at documents pertaining to abortion care and adolescent sexual and reproductive health. Documents were reviewed to determine how such guidelines address abortion care for young women, and how closely they match the guidelines recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) in their recent publication, Safe abortion: technical and policy guidance for health systems. Topics such as age of consent for abortion, third party consent, pain management, and contraception are explored in depth. Based on the review and the evidence based guidelines provided by the WHO, recommendations are given for creation and revision of future abortion care guidelines.
Private Trust under Ethiopian Law: Constitution, Nature and Administration
Creators: name: Abate, Yibekal Tadesse
Publisher: name: Bahir Dar University Journal of Law
Year: 2022

description: A trust can be constituted for private interest as a private trust or for the public benefit as a charitable trust. Until Ethiopia promulgated a proclamation governing Charities and Societies in 2009, trusts had been primarily regulated under Ethiopian Civil Code of 1960. The Civil Code provides the legal regime for trusts recognizing, inter alia, that a person can establish trust for the benefit of any person, idea, or action. This shows that the Code has envisaged that a trust can be constituted as a private or charitable trust. However, currently, while charitable trusts are mainly governed under the Organization of Civil Societies Proclamation, private trusts remain under the ambit of the Civil Code. Given the fact that private trusts are not commonly known in Ethiopia, it is important to examine questions surrounding the nature of such institutions and how they are to be regulated in Ethiopia. The aim of the Article is, therefore, to elucidate the nature, purpose, formation and administration of these institutions in this country. To this end, doctrinal legal research approach is employed in the course of which pertinent legislations and literature have been explored, analysed and synthesized. The researchfound out, in the context of Ethiopian trust law, the feature and purpose of private trust is different from other comparable legal relationships such as agency, third party beneficiary contract, testate succession and bailment. The trustee is a major player while other parties such as the trust maker, beneficiaries, courts and the General Attorneys could be involved in the administration of trust.
description: Bahir Dar University Journal of Law, Vol 11 No 2 (2021): Bahir Dar University Journal of Law
An Iterative On-Line Mechanism for Demand-Side Aggregation
Creators: name: Chapman, Archie C.
name: Verbic, Gregor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper considers a demand-side aggregation scheme specifically for large numbers of small loads, such as households and small and medium-sized businesses. We introduce a novel auction format, called a staggered clock-proxy auction (SCPA), for on-line scheduling of these loads. This is a two phase format, consisting of: a sequence of overlapping iterative ascending-price clock auctions, one for each time-slot over a finite decision horizon, and; a set of proxy auctions that begin at the termination of each individual clock auction, and which determine the final price and allocation for each time-slot. The overlapping design of the clock phases grant bidders the ability to effectively bid on inter-temporal bundles of electricity use, thereby focusing on the most relevant parts of the price-quantity space. Since electricity is a divisible good, the proxy auction uses demand-schedule bids, which the aggregator uses to compute a uniform-price partial competitive equilibrium for each time slot. We show that, under mild assumptions on the bidders' utilities functions, the proxy phase implements the Vickrey-Clarke-Groves outcome, which makes straightforward bidding in the proxy phase a Bayes-Nash equilibrium. Furthermore, we demonstrate the SCPA in a scenario comprised of household agents with three different utility function types, and show how the mechanism enables efficient on-line energy use scheduling.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures, submitted to IEEE Transactions on Smart Grids
Galactic Center Minispiral: Interaction Modes of Neutron Stars
Creators: name: Zajacek, Michal
name: Karas, Vladimir
name: Kunneriath, Devaky
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Streams of gas and dust in the inner parsec of the Galactic center form a distinct feature known as the Minispiral, which has been studied in radio waveband as well as in the infrared wavebands. A large fraction of the Minispiral gas is ionized by radiation of OB stars present in the Nuclear Star Cluster (NSC). Based on the inferred mass in the innermost parsec ($\sim 10^6$ solar masses), over $\sim 10^3$ -- $10^4$ neutron stars should move in the sphere of gravitational influence of the SMBH. We estimate that a fraction of them propagate through the denser, ionized medium concentrated mainly along the three arms of the Minispiral. Based on the properties of the gaseous medium, we discuss different interaction regimes of magnetised neutron stars passing through this region. Moreover, we sketch expected observational effects of these regimes. The simulation results may be applied to other galactic nuclei hosting NSC, where the expected distribution of the interaction regimes is different across different galaxy types.
description: 12 pages, 17 figures, published in Acta Polytechnica
Osmia bicornis
Creators: name: Pauly, Alain
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Asterales
Asteraceae
Osmia
Osmia bicornis

description: Osmia bicornis (Linnaeus, 1758) (= O. rufa)
5.IV.2002, 2 J; 26.III.2010, au sol, 1♀; 7.IV.2011, nids dans talus vertical, 200 J; 6.V.2013, 4♀ nid talus vertical; 15.IV.2015, 3 J; 27.IV.2015, 4 J, 4♀.
description: Published as part of Pauly, Alain, 2019, Contribution à l'inventaire des abeilles sauvages de la Région de Bruxelles-Capitale et de la Forêt de Soignes (Hymenoptera: Apoidea), pp. 1-160 in Belgian Journal of Entomology 79 on page 94, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.13692631
Other PHQ-9 item pairings are better than the PHQ-2: A machine learning analysis
Creators: name: Glavin, Darragh
name: Maekawa, Eduardo
name: Grua, Eoin
name: Nakamura, Carina Akemi
name: Scazufca, Marcia
name: Araya, Ricardo
name: Peters, Tim J.
name: Hollingworth, William
name: VAN DE VEN, PEPIJN
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 40
subject: Engineering
classificationCode: 42
subject: Health sciences
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: The Patient Health Questionnaire-2 (PHQ-2) is the most commonly used ultra-brief depressive symptomatology pre-screening instrument. However, this analysis demonstrated the PHQ-2 is not superior to other PHQ-9 item pairings in this sample. 12 out of the 36 pairings had an equal or higher cross-validation area under the receiver operating characteristic curve than the PHQ-2. The two pairings of phq2&4 and phq2&8 performed best and suggest low energy or psychomotor retardation or agitation may be more discriminatory symptoms than anhedonia. Pairings were combined with machine learning models which are not restricted to the summation and greater-than-or-equal-to logic of the PHQ-2 thresholds.
Tax Treaty Shopping in Ethiopia
Creators: name: Alemu Balcha Adugna, Alemu Balcha
Publisher: name: Bahir Dar University Journal of Law
Year: 2022

description: Many countries of the world have signed bilateral tax treaties to avoid or mitigate double taxation and control tax evasion and planning in cross-border economic activities. However, such networks of bilateral tax treaties have in effect opened room for tax treaty shopping. As of September 2020, Ethiopia has signed more than 32 bilateral tax treaties. Yet, no study has been made on the issues of tax treaty shopping. Hence, this study examines whether the existing treaty provisions are sufficient to prevent the abuse of double taxation agreements by treaty shopping, and identifies its shortcomings. To this end, doctrinal legal research methodology is employed to investigate Ethiopia's pertinent income tax law and double taxation avoidance agreements. Accordingly, the findings show that tax treaty shopping is not sufficiently regulated under the Ethiopian bilateral tax treaties and domestic income tax system. Most of the Ethiopian bilateral tax treaties are devoid of anti-treaty shopping rules. Save for few bilateral tax treaties, most of the bilateral tax treaties have no anti-treaty shopping rules. Although the Federal Income Tax Proclamation has provided seemingly anti-avoidance rule, it may not serve its purposes since it cannot override treaties which may otherwise constitute a breach of the treaty under international law. In other words, the general anti-avoidance rule provided under the Federal Income Tax Proclamation may not extend to tackling treaty shopping as its scope is limited to domestic matters. Accordingly, Ethiopia should revisit its domestic anti-avoidance rules and incorporate anti-treaty shopping rules into bilateral tax treaties either by renegotiation or termination.
description: Bahir Dar University Journal of Law, Vol 11 No 2 (2021): Bahir Dar University Journal of Law
Specification document for using Reference Materials to establish traceability and evaluate measurement uncertainty for instrument used to measure luminance and reduced luminance coefficients of road surfaces
Creators: name: Paola, Iacomussi
name: Rossi Giuseppe
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018

description: im of this report is to investigate available materials for 3D printing to be used to design Reference Materials (RM) for the planned Inter- comparison on Luminance coefficient that will be arranged during the project EMPIR 16NRM02. The report presents the analyses carried out to characterize optical properties of the different materials: gloss, spa- tial luminance distribution, fluorescence and spectral reflectance. The report also presents two different solutions for the RM design and the selected set of artefacts that will be used during the intercomparison.
Gravitational instabilities in a protosolar-like disc I: dynamics and chemistry
Creators: name: Evans, M. G.
name: Ilee, J. D.
name: Boley, A. C.
name: Caselli, P.
name: Durisen, R. H.
name: Hartquist, T. W.
name: Rawlings, J. M. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To date, most simulations of the chemistry in protoplanetary discs have used 1+1D or 2D axisymmetric $α$-disc models to determine chemical compositions within young systems. This assumption is inappropriate for non-axisymmetric, gravitationally unstable discs, which may be a significant stage in early protoplanetary disc evolution. Using 3D radiative hydrodynamics, we have modelled the physical and chemical evolution of a 0.17 M$_{\odot}$ self-gravitating disc over a period of 2000 yr. The 0.8 M$_{\odot}$ central protostar is likely to evolve into a solar-like star, and hence this Class 0 or early Class I young stellar object may be analogous to our early Solar System. Shocks driven by gravitational instabilities enhance the desorption rates, which dominate the changes in gas-phase fractional abundances for most species. We find that at the end of the simulation, a number of species distinctly trace the spiral structure of our relatively low-mass disc, particularly CN. We compare our simulation to that of a more massive disc, and conclude that mass differences between gravitationally unstable discs may not have a strong impact on the chemical composition. We find that over the duration of our simulation, successive shock heating has a permanent effect on the abundances of HNO, CN and NH$_3$, which may have significant implications for both simulations and observations. We also find that HCO$^+$ may be a useful tracer of disc mass. We conclude that gravitational instabilities induced in lower mass discs can significantly, and permanently, affect the chemical evolution, and that observations with high-resolution instruments such as ALMA offer a promising means of characterising gravitational instabilities in protosolar discs.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS; 19 pages, 17 figures and 5 tables
Public space, democracy and the living law
Creators: name: Des Rosiers, Nathalie
Publisher: name: Vancouver Island University - Royal Roads University
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Urban policy--Canada
subject: City planning--Canada
subject: Public spaces

description: Nathalie Des Rosiers of the the Law Commission of Canada examines how urban space is governed not only by formal law but also informal rules of conduct. She raises questions about the definition of public space and the ways in which parts of our urban environment are increasingly falling under private control. Spaces traditionally considered public, such as squares and markets, have now taken on private forms, such as malls. Who polices these areas, and how? Who is permitted to use them, and under what conditions? These are questions vital to an understanding of planning today.
description: Nathalie Des Rosiers, de la Commission du droit du Canada, analyse l'impact des lois et des règles de conduite officieuses sur l'espace urbain. Elle s'interroge sur le sens de l'expression «espace public» et sur la mainmise de plus en plus fréquente de portions de l'environnement urbain par des intérêts privés. Des espaces autrefois jugés publics, tels les places et les marchés, sont de plus en plus gérés par des intérêts privés et tranformés en espaces commerciaux. L'ordre dans ces espaces est assumé par qui, et de quelle manière? Qui peut utiliser l'espace? Sous quelles conditions? Ce sont là des questions essentielles pour l'urbaniste.
description: Abstract in English and French; text in English.
description: https://viurrspace.ca/bitstream/handle/10613/5476/Article006.pdf?sequence=3
The four faces of planning ethics: A value profile
Creators: name: Wexler, Mark N.
name: Oberlander, Judy
Publisher: name: Vancouver Island University - Royal Roads University
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Planners--Professional ethics

description: Involvement in our segment of the complex occupational culture of the planning community often desensitizes us to values integral to other parts of the community. This paper highlights four distinct yet interrelated value configurations important to planning: buccaneer, regulatory, communitarian and visionary planning. Each planner creates a unique footprint for his or her practice by integrating parts of each of these value configurations in specific proportions.
description: L'urbaniste, submergé dans la culture de sa profession, a parfois peine à saisir les valeurs chères à d'autres secteurs de la communauté. Le présent article propose une analyse de quatre schèmes de valeurs distincts mais, en pratique, interdépendants, qui devraient sous-tendre toute entreprise d'aménagement: aventurier, réglementaire, communautaire et visionnaire. Tout urbaniste utilise, en proportions distinctes, des parties de chacun de ces quatre ensembles de valeurs.
description: Abstract in English and French; text in English.
description: https://viurrspace.ca/bitstream/handle/10613/5477/Article005.pdf?sequence=3
A Comprehensive, Integrated Approach to Women's Health: A case for integrating primary care, mental health and addictions care systems, complete with a compendium of resources for bridging the public health and mental health information needs of the maternal & child health workforce.
Creators: name: Allman, Amanda
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Inspired by the author’s involvement with the Women’s Integrated Systems for Health (WISH) initiative at the North Carolina Institute for Public Health, this paper addresses the need for enriched healthcare interventions that address the whole woman and all of her needs. It describes the evidence for integrating systems for women’s health as well as policy implications. It also provides a compendium of resources in the form of a knowledge pathway to direct students and members of the current and future Maternal Child Health workforce to resources beneficial to policymakers, health professionals, and families/consumers in bridging public health and mental health practice. It is hoped to be useful in promoting comprehensive health and wellness among women of reproductive age who also experience mental, emotional, or behavioral issues.
Selected Court Cases /የተመረጡ ፍርዶች
Creators: name: Chane, Gizachew Silesh
Publisher: name: Bahir Dar University Journal of Law
Year: 2022

description: These case reports initially originated from the decisions of the courts from Amhara Regional State and then reviewed by the Federal Supreme Court Cassation Division. The First case concers period of limitations on land in which the controversy is when the period of limitation begins to count, from the time of possession or from the time the possesser claims certificate of heirship. The case is finally settled in that period of limitation begins to count from the time the possessor took possession.  The second case concern whether house allowance should be subject to taxation. The final settlement is that house allowance is part of employement income and in the abscence explicit exemption, it is subject to income tax deduction.
description: Bahir Dar University Journal of Law, Vol 11 No 2 (2021): Bahir Dar University Journal of Law
Osmia caerulescens
Creators: name: Pauly, Alain
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Asterales
Asteraceae
Osmia
Osmia caerulescens

description: Osmia caerulescens (Linnaeus, 1758)
 3.IV.2010, talus, sur Taraxacum sp., 1♀; 7.IV.2011, Taraxacum sp., 1 J.
description: Published as part of Pauly, Alain, 2019, Contribution à l'inventaire des abeilles sauvages de la Région de Bruxelles-Capitale et de la Forêt de Soignes (Hymenoptera: Apoidea), pp. 1-160 in Belgian Journal of Entomology 79 on page 94, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.13692631
Campus Attitudes Toward Aging and Older Adults
Creators: name: Steltenpohl, Crystal
name: Standiford Reyes, Laurel
name: McKibban, Amie
name: Elpers, Kathy
name: Pilot, Zachary
name: Ehlman, Katie
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: aging
subject: attitudes
subject: faculty
subject: students

description: We seek to explore the USI community’s attitudes towards aging (their own and others’) and USI’s “Multi-Ability, Multi-Generational Inclusive Communities” (MAGIC) Project. We seek to explore the individual exposure to older adults through direct care, education, or employment. The above will aid in assessing the need for interventions and education regarding aging, age-stereotypes, and ageism to promote well-being and life satisfaction. Attitudes towards aging in all stages of adulthood correlate with physical health, mental health, and life satisfaction outcomes in older adulthood (Faudzi, Armitage, Bryant, & Brown, 2019).
The ambivalent advocate: Planning and the public interest
Creators: name: Lehman, Robert
Publisher: name: Vancouver Island University - Royal Roads University
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Planners--Professional ethics

description: Bob Lehman discusses the problem presented by the CIP Code of Professional Conduct's requirement that all planners must promote the public interest. In many instances planners are called upon to advocate for the private interests of particular clients. He suggests adopting an approach similar to the one currently in use in the accounting profession, in which planners could declare themselves advocates of a particular interest and be evaluated accordingly.
description: Bob Lehman s'interroge sur l'obligation, pour les urbanistes, de promouvoir l'intérêt public tel que prévu par le code de déontologie de l'ICU. L'urbaniste est souvent appelé à défendre les intérêts privés d'un client. M. Lehman propose d'imiter le modèle adopté par les professionnels en comptabilité, où l'urbaniste pourrait se déclarer represéntant d'intérêts particuliers et être évalué en conséquence.
description: Abstract in English and French; text in English.
description: https://viurrspace.ca/bitstream/handle/10613/5478/Article004.pdf?sequence=3
Modifying the range of serving sizes in bars and restaurants to reduce sales of alcohol: a field study
Creators: name: Lee, Ilse
name: Marteau, Theresa
name: Pechey, Emily
name: Hollands, Gareth
name: Pilling, Mark
name: De-loyde, Katie
name: Morris, Richard
name: Brocklebank, Laura
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences

description: This new registration is to register the uploading of an updated data analysis plan for intervention 2 of the study.
Rethinking the Standards of Treatment in the Ethiopian and Kenyan BITs: An Approach Towards Certainty
Creators: name: Tamiru, Yehualashet
name: Rotich, Nelly
Publisher: name: Bahir Dar University Journal of Law
Year: 2022

description: One of the policy justification behind concluding BITs is to extend protection of home state investors and investment to foreign investors. The typical mechanism for doing so is by providing entitlements and privileges to investors and imposing obligations on the host state in the form of standards of treatment. As such, conclusion of BITs send a signal to all investors that the host states are willing to protect the interest of foreign investors. With a view to demonstrate that they are investor-friendly and to attract foreign direct investment(FDI), Ethiopia and Kenya have entered into various Bilateral Investment Treaties (BITs) with developing and developed countries. This paper examines the standards of treatment in Ethiopia’s and Kenya’s BITs. A doctrinal research methodology has been employed to explore the issues surrounding this subject. The research found out that many of the existing BITs of the two countries are investor-oriented and have crippled the policy space and sustainable development of the two countries. This is largely attributed to the countries’ adoption of century old models of FDI.
description: Bahir Dar University Journal of Law, Vol 11 No 2 (2021): Bahir Dar University Journal of Law
Application of Real-time Digitization Technique in Beam Measurement for Accelerators
Creators: name: Zhao, Lei
name: Zhan, Linsong
name: Gao, Xingshun
name: Liu, Shubin
name: An, Qi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Beam measurement is very important for accelerators. With the development of analog-to-digital conversion techniques, digital beam measurement becomes a research hot spot. IQ (In-phase & Quadrature-phase) analysis based method is an important beam measurement approach, the principle of which is presented and discussed in this paper. The State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics in University of Science and Technology of China has devoted efforts to the research of digital beam measurement based on high-speed high-resolution analog-to-digital conversion, and a series of beam measurement instruments were designed for China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS), Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility (SSRF), and Accelerator Driven Sub-critical system (ADS).
An Open Mapping Theorem
Creators: name: Gabriyelyan, S. S.
name: Morris, S. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Topology (math.GN)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 22A05, 46A30

description: It is proved that any surjective morphism $f: \mathbb{Z}^κ\to K$ onto a locally compact group $K$ is open for every cardinal $κ$. This answers a question posed by Karl Heinrich Hofmann and the second author.
IRB Approval
Creators: name: Steltenpohl, Crystal
name: Standiford Reyes, Laurel
name: Ehlman, Katie
name: Elpers, Kathy
name: McKibban, Amie
name: Pilot, Zachary
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022

description: IRB approval from the University of Southern Indiana and proof of CITI Training from all collaborators.
Chelostoma florisomne
Creators: name: Pauly, Alain
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Megachilidae
Chelostoma
Chelostoma florisomne

description: Chelostoma florisomne (Linnaeus, 1758)
 20.V.2009, talus, Ranunculus sp., 1J.
description: Published as part of Pauly, Alain, 2019, Contribution à l'inventaire des abeilles sauvages de la Région de Bruxelles-Capitale et de la Forêt de Soignes (Hymenoptera: Apoidea), pp. 1-160 in Belgian Journal of Entomology 79 on page 94, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.13692631
title: Negative numbers in simple arithmetic
Creators: name: Das, Runa
name: LeFevre, Jo-Anne
name: Penner-Wilger, Marcie
Publisher: name: Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology
Year: 2010
Subjects: Numbers, Negative
Arithmetic
Cognition

description: Are negative numbers processed differently than positive numbers in arithmetic problems? In two experiments, adults (N = 66) solved standard addition and subtraction problems such as 3 + 4 and 7 – 4 and recasted versions that included explicit negative signs, that is, 3 – (-4), 7 + (-4), and (-4) + 7. Solution times on the recasted problems were slower than on standard problems, but the effect was much larger for addition than subtraction. The negative sign may prime subtraction in both kinds of recasted problems. Problem size effects were the same or smaller in recasted as compared to standard problems, suggesting that the recasted formats did not interfere with mental calculation. These results suggest that the underlying conceptual structure of the problem (i.e., addition vs. subtraction) is more important for solution processes than the presence of negative numbers.