cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Ex Post Modernism: How the First Amendment Framed Nonrepresentational Art
Creators: name: Bonneau, Sonya G.
Publisher: name: The Columbia Journal of Law & the Arts
Year: 2016

description: Postmodernism’s conceptual orientation and dissolution of boundaries might First Amendment law’s broadly inclusive marketplace of ideas, but instead art and law speak past one another. The result of Jackson Pollock as the exemplar of constitutionally covered visual art is not simply a matter of over- or underinclusion, but a doctrine and discourse that is reductive, anachronistic, and culturally alienated.2
description: The Columbia Journal of Law & the Arts, Vol. 39 No. 2 (2015)
Lectures on Farm Policy
Creators: name: Graduate School, U.S. Department Of Agriculture
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1955
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: Presentations: Stimulating Foreign Trade (Homer L. Brinkley); Adjusting Farm Production (Frank J. Welch); Expanding the Domestic Market for Food Products (A. C. Hoffman); Providing Research and Education in the Development of Agricultural Policy (Clifford M. Hardin); Assisting Low Income Farmers (Erren Long); Farm Policy: Some Proposals for Improvement (J. Kenneth Galbraith); A Political Interpretation of Agriculture Issues (Charles M. Hardin).
description: Special Bulletin -- Graduate School, U.S. Department of Agriculture. PLEASE NOTE: The presentations were scanned 2 or 3 times.
Isotope effect on the E2g phonon and mesoscopic phase separation near the electronic topological transition in Mg1-xAlxB2
Creators: name: Simonelli, L.
name: Palmisano, V.
name: Fratini, M.
name: Filippi, M.
name: Parisiades, P.
name: Lampakis, D.
name: Liarokapis, E.
name: Bianconi, A
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the boron isotope effect on the E2g phonon mode by micro-Raman spectroscopy on the ternary Mg1-xAlxB2 system, synthesized with pure isotopes 10B and 11B. The isotope coefficient on the phonon frequency is near 0.5 in the full range decreasing near x = 0. The intraband electron-phonon (e-ph) coupling, for the electrons in the sigma band, has been extracted from the E2g line-width and frequency softening. Tuning the Fermi energy near the electronic topological transition (ETT), where the sigma Fermi surface changes from 2D to 3D topology the E2g mode, shows the known Kohn anomaly on the 2D side of the ETT and a splitting of the E2g phonon frequency into a hard and soft component from x = 0 to x = 0.28. The results suggest a minor role of the intraband phonon mediated pairing in the control of the high critical temperature in Mg1-xAlxB2. The common physical features of diborides with the novel multigap FeAs-based superconductors and cuprates is discussed.
description: 19 pages, 6 figures
Additional file 1 of Antimicrobial stewardship measures in cardiac surgery and its impact on surgical site infections
Creators: name: Surat, Güzin
name: Bernsen, Dominik
name: Schimmer, Christoph
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Extended patient and microbiological dataset.
Copyright Alert Enforcement: Six Strikes and Privacy Harms
Creators: name: Depoorter, Ben
name: Hiel, Alain Van
Publisher: name: The Columbia Journal of Law & the Arts
Year: 2016

description: Copyright holders have deployed a wide range of enforcement strategies this past decade. In an initial, punitive stage, content industries targeted individual copyright infringers by way of an extensive settlement demand campaign and obtained statutory damage awards in a few high profile file-sharing lawsuits. Recently however, copyright holders drastically reversed course, abandoning punitive measures in favor of a “copyright information approach” that enlists Internet service providers into sending copyright infringement notifications to subscribers. Commentators have welcomed this shift towards copyright alert systems as providing a more balanced approach to copyright enforcement that might improve copyright law’s normative acceptance. Copyright industries are optimistic that the new copyright alert system will increase copyright awareness and decrease copyright infringing behavior. This Article shows that the optimism with copyright law’s recent developments is misplaced. Based on social science research and insights from an empirical study conducted for this Article, we argue that architects of the copyright alert system have underestimated the robustness of social norms and have failed to anticipate the negative reactions to a copyright information system, in particular as relating to privacy harms.
description: The Columbia Journal of Law & the Arts, Vol. 39 No. 2 (2015)
Is Music the Next eBooks? An Antitrust Analysis of Apple’s Conduct in the Music Industry
Creators: name: Klebanow, Alexa
Publisher: name: The Columbia Journal of Law & the Arts
Year: 2015

description: Over the last twenty years, two waves of technological change have transformed the way people purchase and listen to music. First, digital downloads displaced physical sales of albums. More recently, digital downloads, once the primary way to gain access to digital music, have come to be challenged by streaming services. Apple, a leader in the digital download market with iTunes, has engaged in various strategies to meet the challenge. This Note specifically focuses on two types of conduct: Apple’s pressure on labels to enter into exclusive license agreements, also known as windowing, and Apple’s pressure on the market to abandon streaming options like Spotify’s “freemium” service. This Note conducts an antitrust analysis of windowing in the music industry and also examines the legality of eliminating the advertising-based “free” streaming model. The Note engages in an examination of Section 1 and Section 2 Sherman Act claims against Apple for these exclusionary acts based on parallel exclusion, joint refusal to deal, price maintenance, and monopoly maintenance theories. We believe of greatest concern is the potential elimination of the free advertising based model, which may be a per se violation of the antitrust laws
description: The Columbia Journal of Law & the Arts, Vol. 39 No. 1 (2015)
The Meaning of Hana; the Promise of Lexmark
Creators: name: Grynberg, Michael
Publisher: name: The Columbia Journal of Law & the Arts
Year: 2015

description: The Lanham Act has had a busy stretch at the Supreme Court. Four recent opinions interpret the statute.1 This brief Essay considers the ramifications of two of them on the future of trademark law. Hana Financial, Inc. v. Hana Bank resolves a somewhat minor trademark issue, but illuminates deeper problems within trademark doctrine.2 Lexmark International, Inc. v. Static Control Components, Inc., though about false advertising, offers some guidance on how to address them.3
description: The Columbia Journal of Law & the Arts, Vol. 39 No. 1 (2015)
Coulomb Effects in Femtoscopy
Creators: name: Maj, Radoslaw
name: Mrowczynski, Stanislaw
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The correlation function of two identical particles - pions or kaons - interacting via Coulomb potential is computed. The particles are emitted from an anisotropic particle's source of finite lifetime. In the case of pions, the effect of halo is taken into account as an additional particle's source of large spatial extension. The relativistic effects are discussed in detail. The Bowler-Sinyukov procedure to remove the Coulomb interaction is carefully tested. In the absence of halo the procedure is shown to work very well even for an extremely anisotropic source. When the halo is taken into account the free correlation function, which is extracted by means of the Bowler-Sinyukov procedure, is distorted at small relative momenta but the source parameters are still correctly reproduced.
description: 19 pages, 16 figures; final version, Phys. Rev. C80, 034907 (2009)
3D Printing: Cultural Property as Intellectual Property
Creators: name: Cronin, Charles
Publisher: name: The Columbia Journal of Law & the Arts
Year: 2015

description: Long before the onset of the now-emblematic quarrel between England and Greece over the Parthenon marbles, nations and tribes have squabbled over the extraterritorial transfer of objects of purported cultural significance. Over the past few decades, however, there has been a dramatic increase in the number of cultural property repatriation claims, mostly targeting U.S. collections. The value of cultural artifacts is generated largely by the intellectual expression they manifest. Digital technologies make increasingly possible the creation of reproductions of even three-dimensional artifacts, which are indistinguishable from the originals. This development challenges our attributing value to the “aura” of the original renderings of tangible cultural artifacts. Stripped of their auras, the worth of these objects devolves to the sum of the value of the physical materials deployed in their creation, and that ascribed to the perceptible intellectual expression they contain. If we were to perceive cultural artifacts fundamentally as works of information rather than of tangible property, the location of the original instantiations of them would be of little significance. Three-dimensional technologies might soon permit source nations to retain the essential intellectual value of cultural artifacts found within their borders, while simultaneously capitalizing upon sales of the originals to collectors who will pay for their “aura.”
description: The Columbia Journal of Law & the Arts, Vol. 39 No. 1 (2015)
Tuning micropillar cavity birefringence by laser induced surface defects
Creators: name: Bonato, Cristian
name: Ding, Dapeng
name: Gudat, Jan
name: Thon, Susanna
name: Kim, Hyochul
name: Petroff, Pierre M.
name: van Exter, Martin P.
name: Bouwmeester, Dirk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate a technique to tune the optical properties of micropillar cavities by creating small defects on the sample surface near the cavity region with an intense focused laser beam. Such defects modify strain in the structure, changing the birefringence in a controllable way. We apply the technique to make the fundamental cavity mode polarization-degenerate and to fine tune the overall mode frequencies, as needed for applications in quantum information science.
description: RevTex, 7 pages, 4 figures (accepted for publication in Applied Physics Letters)
DLF: Disentangled-Language-Focused Multimodal Sentiment Analysis
Creators: name: Chen, Tianlong
name: Zhou, Qiang
name: Wang, Pan
name: Hu, Jingtong
name: Wu, Yawen
Publisher: name: Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AAAI)
Year: 2025

description:
Multimodal Sentiment Analysis (MSA) leverages heterogeneous modalities, such as language, vision, and audio, to enhance the understanding of human sentiment. While existing models often focus on extracting shared information across modalities or directly fusing heterogeneous modalities, such approaches can introduce redundancy and conflicts due to equal treatment of all modalities and the mutual transfer of information between modality pairs. To address these issues, we propose a Disentangled-Language-Focused (DLF) multimodal representation learning framework, which incorporates a feature disentanglement module to separate modality-shared and modality-specific information. To further reduce redundancy and enhance language-targeted features, four geometric measures are introduced to refine the disentanglement process. A Language-Focused Attractor (LFA) is further developed to strengthen language representation by leveraging complementary modality-specific information through a language-guided cross-attention mechanism. The framework also employs hierarchical predictions to improve overall accuracy. Extensive experiments on two popular MSA datasets, CMU-MOSI and CMU-MOSEI, demonstrate the significant performance gains achieved by the proposed DLF framework. Comprehensive ablation studies further validate the effectiveness of the feature disentanglement module, language-focused attractor, and hierarchical predictions.
Speech and the Truth-Seeking Value
Creators: name: Murchison, Brian C.
Publisher: name: The Columbia Journal of Law & the Arts
Year: 2015

description: Courts in First Amendment cases long have invoked the truth-seeking value of speech, but they rarely probe its meaning or significance, and some ignore it altogether. As new cases implicate questions of truth and falsity, thorough assessment of the value is needed. This Article fills the gap by making three claims. First, interest in truth-seeking has resurfaced in journalism, politics, philosophy, and fiction, converging on a concept of provisional or “functional” truth. Second, the appeal of functional truth for the law may be that it clarifies thinking about a range of human priorities—survival, progress, and character—without insisting on truth in an absolute or transcendent sense. Third, the law’s current treatment of truth-seeking in First Amendment cases turns on whether a case implicates the truth of the past, present, or future. Cases about past truth involve its knowability; cases about present truth involve its hiddenness; and cases about future truth involve its falsification. Because judicial treatment of truth-seeking in each of these groupings is underdeveloped, legal thought can benefit from literary works by three major novelists: Paul Scott, author of Staying On; Kazuo Ishiguro, author of Never Let Me Go; and Ian McEwan, author of Atonement. Each of these works clarifies an important aspect of the truth-seeking value of expressive freedoms. The Article concludes by considering the value’s limitations, focusing on the complex setting of campaign finance.
description: The Columbia Journal of Law & the Arts, Vol. 39 No. 1 (2015)
Adhesion Transition of Flexible Sheets
Creators: name: Evans, Arthur A.
name: Lauga, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Intermolecular forces are known to precipitate adhesion events between solid bodies. Inspired by a macro-scale experiment showing the hysteretic adhesion of a piece of flexible tape over a plastic substrate, we develop here a model of far-field dry adhesion between two flexible sheets interacting via a power-law potential. We show that phase transitions from unadhered to adhered states occur as dictated by a dimensionless bending parameter representing the ratio of interaction strength to bending stiffness. The order of the adhesion transitions, as well as their hysteretic nature, is shown to depend on the form of the interaction potential between the flexible sheets. When three or more sheets interact, additional geometrical considerations determine the hierarchical or sequential nature of the adhesion transitions.
GenomegaMap: Within-species genome-wide dN/dS estimation from over 10,000 genomes.
Creators: name: Wilson, Daniel J
name: Consortium, The CRyPTIC
Publisher: name: The Francis Crick Institute
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Model organisms
subject: Infectious Disease
subject: Human Biology & Physiology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: The dN/dS ratio provides evidence of adaptation or functional constraint in protein-coding genes by quantifying the relative excess or deficit of amino acid-replacing versus silent nucleotide variation. Inexpensive sequencing promises a better understanding of parameters, such as dN/dS, but analyzing very large data sets poses a major statistical challenge. Here, I introduce genomegaMap for estimating within-species genome-wide variation in dN/dS, and I apply it to 3,979 genes across 10,209 tuberculosis genomes to characterize the selection pressures shaping this global pathogen. GenomegaMap is a phylogeny-free method that addresses two major problems with existing approaches: 1) It is fast no matter how large the sample size and 2) it is robust to recombination, which causes phylogenetic methods to report artefactual signals of adaptation. GenomegaMap uses population genetics theory to approximate the distribution of allele frequencies under general, parent-dependent mutation models. Coalescent simulations show that substitution parameters are well estimated even when genomegaMap's simplifying assumption of independence among sites is violated. I demonstrate the ability of genomegaMap to detect genuine signatures of selection at antimicrobial resistance-conferring substitutions in Mycobacterium tuberculosis and describe a novel signature of selection in the cold-shock DEAD-box protein A gene deaD/csdA. The genomegaMap approach helps accelerate the exploitation of big data for gaining new insights into evolution within species.
Sherlock Holmes and Newt Scamander: Incorporating Protected Nonlinear Character Delineation Into Derivative Works
Creators: name: Skoller, Jenna
Publisher: name: The Columbia Journal of Law & the Arts
Year: 2015

description: Author J.K. Rowling published a book in 2001 under the pseudonym Newt Scamander with an “About the Author” section that provided a brief outline of the fictional author. Prior to this brief biographical section, fans of the Harry Potter universe had only been introduced to the character of Scamander in passing as the author of a required textbook that the main characters purchased. Rowling subsequently announced that she would pen the screenplays for a trilogy of films featuring this very minor character as the lead. Although Rowling is (ostensibly) the sole author of the Harry Potter books and the companion book, Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them, she will likely be considered a joint owner of the copyright in the film she is writing. It is foreseeable, therefore, that the copyright in the books and the films might expire at different times, if one of the joint creators of the film dies after Rowling. This, then, would result in the question of when the character of Newt Scamander enters the public domain. If Scamander was a copyrightable character when introduced in the Harry Potter series and companion book, can a portion of his character enter the public domain when those books expire, while the rest of his character remains protected until the expiration of the film’s copyright? This is further complicated by the fact that this development is nonlinear, meaning that the films will focus on Scamander’s youth and young adulthood, while the books only refer to the character after he has already died. This Note focuses on copyright protection of literary characters featured in multiple works, some of which are in the public domain but others of which remain protected. In multiple work circumstances, new character elements are often revealed in these still-copyrighted later works that fundamentally change the way we think of and write about the earlier version of the character. This Note proposes a test for how derivative works featuring such characters should be analyzed for infringement. There are two instances this Note will focus on: first, where the character is not copyrightable in the initial instance in which the character appears in a work, and second, where the character develops over time in a way that changes the reader’s perception of the character in a fundamental way.
description: The Columbia Journal of Law & the Arts, Vol. 38 No. 4 (2015)
Correction: Foss et al. The Rise of Population Genomic Screening: Characteristics of Current Programs and the Need for Evidence Regarding Optimal Implementation. J. Pers. Med. 2022, 12, 692
Creators: name: Cadigan, Rosemary Jean
name: Berg, Jonathan S.
name: Roberts, Megan
name: Foss, Kimberly S.
name: Weck, Karen
name: Saylor, Katherine W.
name: Henderson, Gail E.
name: Kuczynski, Kristine J.
name: Powell, Sabrina N.
name: O’Daniel, Julianne M.
name: Milko, Laura V.
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2024

description: There was an error in the original publication [...].
Investigating the susceptibility of cardiorespiratory responses to ozone during cycling exercise
Creators: name: Harris, Owen Drake
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2023

description: Ground-level ozone (O₃) is a common airborne pollutant well recognized to impair pulmonary function and cause negative respiratory symptoms when inhaled. Due to a wide range of inter-individual variability in responses, a lack of consensus as to whether O₃ exposure limits exercise capability exists. Healthy, well-trained male (n=13) and female (n=7) endurance athletes were recruited to complete a double-blinded, randomized crossover study to address the research question. Participants were screened for inclusion based on a cycling maximal oxygen consumption (V̇O₂max) test (Visit 1), before resting exposure to 750 parts per billion (ppb) O₃ (Visit 2) to assess pulmonary function changes. During experimental trials (Visit 3 & 4), participants completed submaximal and maximal cycling exercise protocols exposed to both O₃ (170 ppb) and room air (RA, <10 ppb O₃). Results (n=20, V̇O₂max = 64.1 ± 7.0 ml/kg/min) indicated that pulmonary function was significantly reduced and development of adverse respiratory symptoms was increased following both resting and exercise O₃ exposure. No differences between conditions in ventilatory pattern or oxygen consumption (V̇O₂) were observed throughout submaximal exercise bouts. Paired t-tests comparing the last minute of a time-to-exhaustion (TTE) test at 105% of peak power showed lower relative V̇O₂ (p=0.003), tidal volume (p=0.007) and minute ventilation (p=0.047) during O₃ compared to RA conditions, with insignificant trends towards lower exercise time (p=0.092). As differences in relative V̇O₂ (p<0.001) and tidal volume (p=0.001) also existed when comparing each participant’s last shared minute between conditions, a respiratory limitation of oxygen transport to the exercising muscle groups during maximal exercise seems likely. A clearer understanding of the mechanisms that impact oxygen consumption during O₃ exposure and exercise is critical to maximizing performance in athletic events exposed to high levels of pollution.
Observation of the growth of a magnetic vortex in the transition layer of a mildly relativistic oblique plasma shock
Creators: name: Murphy, G. C.
name: Dieckmann, M. E.
name: Drury, L. O'C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A 2D particle simulation models the collision of two electron-ion plasma clouds along a quasi-parallel magnetic field. The collision speed is 0.9c and the density ratio 10. A current sheet forms at the front of the dense cloud, in which the electrons and the magnetic field reach energy equipartition with the ions. A structure composed of a solenoidal and a toroidal magnetic field grows in this sheet. It resembles that in the cross-section of the torus of a force-free spheromak, which may provide the coherent magnetic fields in gamma-ray burst (GRB) jets needed for their prompt emissions.
description: 4 pages
Species and sex specific chemical composition in a concealed gland from an internal gland-like tissue of an African frog family
Creators: name: Schäfer, Marvin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: anuran
chemical communication
fat tissue
multimodal communication
Odontobatrachidae

description: Intraspecific chemical communication in frogs is understudied and the few published cases are limited to externally visible and male-specific breeding glands. Frogs of the family Odontobatrachidae, a West African endemic complex of five morphologically cryptic species, have large, fatty gland-like strands along their lower mandible. We investigated the general anatomy of this strand and analyzed its chemical composition. We found the strand to be present in males and females of all species. The strand varies in markedness, with well-developed strands usually found in reproductively active individuals. Although the strands are situated under the skin, they are connected to particular skin sections, the vocal sac in male frogs and a respective area in females. Gas-chromatography/mass spectrometry and multivariate analysis revealed, that the strands contain sex- and species-specific chemical profiles, which are consistent across geographically distant populations. The profiles varied between reproductive and non-reproductive individuals. Our results indicate that the gland-like strand in the Odontobatrachidae comprise a so far overlooked type of breeding related organ, potentially a gland, that most likely plays a role in the mating and/or breeding behavior of the five Odontobatrachus species. Our results highlight the relevance of multimodal signaling in anurans, and indicate that chemical signaling may not be restricted to sexually dimorphic, apparent skin glands.
description: Funding provided by: Evangelisches Studienwerk VilligstCrossref Funder Registry ID: https://ror.org/05az3m671Award Number:
description: We collected specimens of all five Odontobatrachus species, O. arndti, O. fouta, O. natator, O. smithi and O. ziama. We euthanized, killed and dissected the animals to obtain tissue samples for chemical analysis. Tissue samples where then extracted in dichloromethane and analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). To search for sex and species-specific differences in gland composition, we sampled both sexes of each species from at least two locations per species. We also sampled O. arndti under wet and dry season conditions on the same river, to screen for seasonal effects. To check for the effect of geographical distance between populations, we sampled O. arndti males and O. smithi females over a large part of their distribution range. To investigate ontogenetic effects on strand composition, we sampled metamorphic and sub-adult O. ziama frogs and compared them to sexually mature animals. For histological and anatomical analyses, we used voucher specimens from the collection of the Museum für Naturkunde Berlin (ZMB).
Consequences of a unified, anarchical model of fermion masses and mixings
Creators: name: Calibbi, L.
name: Ferretti, L.
name: Romanino, A.
name: Ziegler, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that most features of the mass and mixing pattern of the second and third SM fermion families can be accounted for without making use of flavour symmetries or other types of flavour dynamics. We discuss the implications for flavour phenomenology, in particular for the $τ\toμγ$ decay rate, and comment on LFV effects at colliders. We show that the model can be embedded in a full SO(10) supersymmetric GUT in 5 dimensions that preserves the successful MSSM gauge coupling unification prediction for $α_s$. Interesting features of this embedding are i) the connection of one of the hierarchy parameters with the strong coupling assumption, ii) the absence of KK threshold effects on the $α_s$ prediction at one loop, and iii) the shift of the GUT scale up to about $10^{17}\GeV$. Proton decay is under control, also due to the larger GUT scale. A large atmospheric angle for normal hierarchical neutrinos is obtained in an unusual way.
description: 31 pages, 6 figures, text and reference added
title: Η επαυξημένη πραγματικότητα ως εργαλείο για την προβολή και ανάδειξη της πολιτιστικής κληρονομιάς. Ανάδειξη του μνημείου Νερατζέ Τζαμί μέσα από τη χρήση τεχνολογιών επαυξημένης πραγματικότητας
title: Augmented reality as a tool for the promotion of cultural heritage. Highlighting the Neratze Mosque monument using augmented reality technologies
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Παπαζώη, Πολυξένη
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Πειραιώς
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: #augmentedreality
subject: #monument

description: Η επαυξημένη πραγματικότητα (AR) αποτελεί ένα ταχύτατα αναπτυσσόμενο αντικείμενο το οποίο βρίσκει εφαρμογή σε πάρα πολλά πεδία προσφέροντας άνευ προηγουμένου νέες καινοτόμες δυνατότητες. Στον τομέα της πολιτιστικής κληρονομιάς τόσο της υλικής όσο και της άυλης η τεχνολογία αυτή εκμεταλλεύεται τις νέες δυνατότητες που προκύπτουν με πολλούς διαφορετικούς τρόπους. Ένας από αυτούς είναι στη μελέτη, τη διατήρηση και την παρουσίαση αρχιτεκτονικών μνημείων, επιτρέποντας μάλιστα στους επισκέπτες, με ενδιαφέροντα και διαδραστικό τρόπο, να εξερευνήσουν τοποθεσίες και μνημεία πολιτιστικής κληρονομιάς που είναι δυσπρόσιτα ή κλειστά στο κοινό. Η παρούσα διπλωματική εργασία μελετά την εφαρμογή της AR στο πεδίο της πολιτιστικής κληρονομιάς και πιο συγκεκριμένα των αρχιτεκτονικών μνημείων. Επιπλέον, παραθέτει διεξοδικά το σκεπτικό σχεδιασμού μιας εφαρμογής για την παρουσίαση και ανάδειξη του Νερατζέ Τζαμιού - ενός μνημείου τοπόσημου για την πόλη του Ρεθύμνου, η ιστορία του οποίου είναι άρρηκτα συνδεδεμένη με την ιστορία της πόλης και που από το 2015 έως και σήμερα, δυστυχώς, διατηρεί τις πόρτες του κλειστές στο κοινό.
title: The Elements of Trafficking: Labour, Coercion and Exploitation of Non-citizen Workers in Israel
Creators: name: Niezna, Maayan
Publisher: name: University of Kent
Year: 2022

description: The question this research aims to answer is what is trafficking, what are the elements that make it. What is trafficking is both a conceptual and contextual, or empirical, question. It is a conceptual question in interrogating the concepts and ideas that explain what is trafficking for labour exploitation, the elements that combine to make the phenomena understood as trafficking. It is also an empirical question, asking what are the policies and practices that result in trafficking. The Conceptual section of the research identifies key elements of contemporary understandings of trafficking for labour exploitation, analysing and deconstructing them. By ‘trafficking for labour exploitation’ I include slavery, servitude, forced labour and trafficking in persons. I conclude that cases of trafficking for labour exploitation are characterised by the convergence of three elements: violation of dignity; violation of autonomy, and exploitation. The different understandings of each of these elements distinguishes between a narrow framework focusing of exceptional crimes, and a broad one focusing on structural factors. The Contextual discussion relies on empirical research, using documents and qualitative interviews to consider concrete developments in the responses to trafficking for labour exploitation in Israel over the past two decades, concerning two groups of non-citizen workers: migrant workers and Palestinian workers, employed in the agriculture, care and construction sectors. This section considers concrete developments in three main policy areas that reflect the application of a structural paradigm to trafficking for labour exploitation: tied visas and restricted access to the labour market, the role of brokers and recruitment fees, and inhumane or exploitative conditions in sectors with poor enforcement of labour laws. The discussion of these policy areas demonstrates the way legal frameworks and the state’s own policies construct power and dependency that private actors might exploit.
Additional file 1 of Endogenous assessment of myocardial injury with single-shot model-based non-rigid motion-corrected T1 rho mapping
Creators: name: Bustin, Aurélien
name: Toupin, Solenn
name: Sridi, Soumaya
name: Yerly, Jérôme
name: Bernus, Olivier
name: Labrousse, Louis
name: Quesson, Bruno
name: Rogier, Julien
name: Haïssaguerre, Michel
name: van Heeswijk, Ruud
name: Jaïs, Pierre
name: Cochet, Hubert
name: Stuber, Matthias
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1. Comparisons of non-adiabatic and adiabatic T1ρ-prepared single-shot images in a healthy subject.
Taming The “Frankenstein Monster”
Creators: name: Stern, Renee G.
Publisher: name: The Columbia Journal of Law & the Arts
Year: 2015

description: In a 2013 opinion denying class certification to a putative class of copyright holders in Football Association Premier League Ltd. v. YouTube, Inc., Judge Stanton of the Southern District of New York wrote: Generally speaking, copyright claims are poor candidates for class-action treatment. They have superficial similarities. . .Thus, accumulation of all the copyright claims, and claimants, into one action will not simplify or unify the process of their resolution, but multiply its difficulties over the normal one-by-one adjudications of copyright cases. Judge Stanton went on to characterize the case as a “Frankenstein monster posing as a class action”-that is, as an unnatural attempt to unify mismatched parts. Given the individualized inquiries involved in resolving copyright infringement claims, Judge Stanton’s position against certifying such classes makes intuitive sense. If class actions aim to resolve common claims, questions that address only a single class member would push against the efficiency of the class action mechanism and an attempt to unite those claims would only lead to judicial disaster. However, copyright infringement can occur in a sweeping manner through a single act or identical course of conduct involving a broad set of works. In these cases, the tension between copyright law and the class action mechanism can be overstated. The danger of such overstatement is the potential for judges to give such wholesale treatment to all putative copyright-holder classes instead of assessing them on a case-by-case basis.
description: The Columbia Journal of Law & the Arts, Vol. 38 No. 4 (2015)
Coverings and Minimal Triangulations of 3-Manifolds
Creators: name: Jaco, William
name: Rubinstein, J. Hyam
name: Tillmann, Stephan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57M25, 57N10

description: This paper uses results on the classification of minimal triangulations of 3-manifolds to produce additional results, using covering spaces. Using previous work on minimal triangulations of lens spaces, it is shown that the lens space $L(4k, 2k-1)$ and the generalised quaternionic space $S^3/Q_{4k}$ have complexity $k,$ where $k\ge 2.$ Moreover, it is shown that their minimal triangulations are unique.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures
Copyright for Blockheads: An Empirical Study of Market Incentive and Intrinsic Motivation
Creators: name: Liu, Jiarui
Publisher: name: The Columbia Journal of Law & the Arts
Year: 2015

description: Copyright law is widely perceived as the means to promote social welfare by providing a necessary incentive for intellectual creation. However, there has been little clarity in copyright literature on how artists actually respond to copyright incentives: What factors motivate artists to create works? How do artists perceive the usefulness of copyright protection? Would artists continue their artistic careers in a world without copyright law? This Article contains a systematic study regarding copyright incentives, based on industrial statistics and extensive interviews from the music industry in China—a virtually copyright-free environment featuring one of the highest piracy rates in the world, which has caused a dramatic transformation of the music business. The empirical research indicates three seemingly paradoxical phenomena: (1) while 17.9% of all the musicians in the sample referred to economic benefits as at least part of their motivations for music creation, 97.4% specifically recognized money as being important and helpful for music creation; (2) while 56.4% alleged that copyright piracy did not affect their creative motivations, 72% agreed that copyright piracy does affect music creation and (3) while 53.8% explicitly admitted that they had little awareness or knowledge of copyright, 92.3% indicated that the current level of copyright protection is insufficient and 71.8% suggested that copyright law should provide strong incentives for music creation. The empirical evidence itself provides compelling explanations for such paradoxes: Even though musicians seem to primarily create music for music’s sake, copyright law could still supply powerful incentives for music production in a way that not only caters to market demand, but also allows for broader artistic freedom. Copyright piracy that does not necessarily affect musicians’ intrinsic motivations could nevertheless affect music creation in terms of the time spent on music creation, the volume of investment in music creation and, ultimately, the quality of music creation. Most importantly, copyright incentives do not function as a reward that musicians consciously bargain for and chase after, but as a mechanism that preserves market conditions for gifted musicians to prosper, including a decent standard of living, sufficient income to cover production costs and maximum artistic autonomy during the creative process.
description: The Columbia Journal of Law & the Arts, Vol. 38 No. 4 (2015)
Playwrights and Copyright
Creators: name: Wright, Doug
Publisher: name: The Columbia Journal of Law & the Arts
Year: 2015

description: Broadway, 1926. The Rialto is alive with drama. At the Mansfield Theater, a revival of the Pulitzer Prize-winning play Beyond the Horizon is enjoying a healthy run. At the Imperial, George Gershwin’s Prohibition romp Oh, Kay is a bona fide sell-out. At the Mayfair, an unexpected guest upstages the opening night of a searing marital tragedy entitled The Half- Naked Truth. In the words of critic Brooks Atkinson: Toward the end of the second act. . .a gray cat walked amiably across the stage, peeped curiously over the footlights, and then sat down comfortably, yawned a little, blinked sleepily and apparently settled for the night. . . . . .What drama could vie with the reality of a cat? Or what actor could put a cat to shame?. . . . . .Unfortunately. . .the play. . .was amateurish in every [other] respect. The Half-Naked Truth closed within a month; the fate of the cat remains unknown. But the dramas playing out on Broadway that fateful year aren’t all happening onstage; in a nearby office building behind closed doors, a cluster of playwrights- Eugene O’Neill and humorist George Kaufman among them-are meeting with a group of theatrical producers. The writers have recently established a Guild, just fourteen years old, to fight for equitable practices in their profession. Somewhat reluctantly, the producers have agreed to meet with them. On one point, the Guild is intractable: the right of its members to control their copyrights and prevent unauthorized changes in their scripts.
description: The Columbia Journal of Law & the Arts, Vol. 38 No. 3 (2015)
Among the Digital Luddites
Creators: name: Stiles, T. J.
Publisher: name: The Columbia Journal of Law & the Arts
Year: 2015

description: I’m here to throw empirical salt on theory’s slug. In discussions of copyright or the literary marketplace, there is too much generalization. We often see the experience of one author with one book presented as a template for everyone, but book publishing doesn’t work that way. Each book is a unique product. One can take ten years to write, another ten weeks. It might be filled with photos and maps, or with none. What is true for one author will not be true for another. I am a self-employed author of serious nonfiction in the commercial marketplace. My world is summed up by an episode of The Simpsons, titled “The Front.” Bart and Lisa take Grandpa Simpson to visit the studio that makes “Itchy and Scratchy” cartoons; they’ve been submitting freelance scripts in Grandpa’s name. The studio chief says to Grandpa, “Are you sure you’re a writer? You’re so old!” Grandpa replies, “Where’s my check!” The studio chief says, “Oh, you’re a writer all right.” Self-employed writers can’t spend five minutes together without discussing money. If you think it’s because we’re greedy, let me quote The Aviator: “The only reason you don’t care about money is that you’ve always had it.” Like all of you, we want to make a living doing what we do best. We know we might fail, but we want to be able to try. But we face a structural problem. We are disaggregated individuals in a global economy dominated by large institutions that feel free to take advantage of us: huge corporations and sometimes, sadly, even universities. But our shared culture depends upon individual voices. Dissent comes from outside institutional thinking; creativity comes from the individual, often in opposition to majority opinion.
description: The Columbia Journal of Law & the Arts, Vol. 38 No. 3 (2015)
Geometrical order-of-magnitude estimates for spatial curvature in realistic models of the Universe
Creators: name: Buchert, Thomas
name: Ellis, George F R
name: van Elst, Henk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The thoughts expressed in this article are based on remarks made by Jürgen Ehlers at the Albert-Einstein-Institut, Golm, Germany in July 2007. The main objective of this article is to demonstrate, in terms of plausible order-of-magnitude estimates for geometrical scalars, the relevance of spatial curvature in realistic models of the Universe that describe the dynamics of structure formation since the epoch of matter-radiation decoupling. We introduce these estimates with a commentary on the use of a quasi-Newtonian metric form in this context.
description: 11 pages. Fully hyperlinked. Dedicated to the memory of J\"urgen Ehlers. To appear in the upcoming Special Issue of "General Relativity and Gravitation"
title: Μέθοδοι επισκευής και ενίσχυσης σε δομικά μέλη από οπλισμένο σκυρόδεμα. Οικονομική διερεύνηση
title: Repair and reinforcement methods on structural members of reinforcement concrete. Financial investigation
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Μπαϊρακτάρης, Γεώργιος
name: Μπαϊρακτάρη, Ελένη
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Δυτικής Αττικής
Year: 2021
Subjects: Ενισχύσεις κτιρίων
Επισκευές κτιρίων
Οπλισμένο σκυρόδεμα
Ενεργειακή αναβάθμιση
Κοστολόγηση
Προϋπολογισμός

description: Κύριο θέμα της παρούσας Διπλωματικής Εργασίας είναι η ενίσχυση ενός τριώροφου κτιρίου σε νησιωτική περιοχή, το οποίο λόγω εγκατάλειψης έχει υποστεί βλάβες κυρίως διάβρωσης των επιχρισμάτων. Ωστόσο, κατόπιν αυτοψίας και μελέτης τρία υποστυλώματα χρήζουν επισκευής. Το κτίριο θα αναβαθμιστεί ενεργειακά, και ποικίλες οικοδομικές εργασίες θα λάβουν μέρος προκειμένου να είναι διαθέσιμο προς χρήση. Αφού παρουσιαστούν εκτενώς τα συγκεκριμένα δεδομένα, παρατίθεται το κυρίως μέρος που αφορά κτιριακή επισκευή. Έπειτα δίδονται προμετρήσεις και ο προϋπολογισμός ήτοι η συνολική δαπάνη για την επισκευή και ενίσχυση στοιχείων του κτιρίου.
Additional file 2 of Endogenous assessment of myocardial injury with single-shot model-based non-rigid motion-corrected T1 rho mapping
Creators: name: Bustin, Aurélien
name: Toupin, Solenn
name: Sridi, Soumaya
name: Yerly, Jérôme
name: Bernus, Olivier
name: Labrousse, Louis
name: Quesson, Bruno
name: Rogier, Julien
name: Haïssaguerre, Michel
name: van Heeswijk, Ruud
name: Jaïs, Pierre
name: Cochet, Hubert
name: Stuber, Matthias
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2. Examples of T1ρ-weighted images and corresponding T1ρ maps before and after motion correction in two patients with high (top row) and low (bottom row) reduction of maximum perpendicular distance.
Developing a Copyright System That Works For Songwriters
Creators: name: Carnes, Rick
Publisher: name: The Columbia Journal of Law & the Arts
Year: 2015

description: The organization that I head, the Songwriters Guild of America (SGA), is the oldest and largest national organization in the world run exclusively by and for the creators of musical compositions and their heirs. SGA has approximately five thousand members nationwide and over eighty years of experience in advocating for music creator rights on the federal, state and local levels. SGA’s membership comprises songwriters, lyricists, composers and the estates of deceased members. SGA provides a variety of administrative services to its members-including contract analysis, copyright registration and renewal filings, termination rights notices, and royalty collection and auditing-to ensure that songwriters receive fair and accurate ‘compensation for the use of their works. SGA takes great pride in its unique position as the sole untainted representative of the interests of American and international music creators, uncompromised by the frequently conflicting views and “vertically integrated” interests of other copyright users and assignees. Now, I want to stress that I am not a lawyer. What I am is a professional songwriter who has been lucky enough to have had some modest success over a period of years, including having my songs on over forty platinum albums. And one thing we songwriters know about-and frequently write about-is right and wrong, good and bad. So, as Congress is reviewing the state of copyright in the United States, I would like to use this opportunity to discuss what is right and what needs fixing.
description: The Columbia Journal of Law & the Arts, Vol. 38 No. 3 (2015)
Frequency-domain simulations of a negative-index material with embedded gain
Creators: name: Sivan, Yonatan
name: Xiao, Shumin
name: Chettiar, Uday K.
name: Kildishev, Alexander V.
name: Shalaev, Vladimir M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We solve the equations governing light propagation in a negative-index material with embedded nonlinearly saturable gain material using a frequency-domain model. We show that available gain materials can lead to complete loss compensation only if they are located in the regions where the field enhancement is maximal. We study the increased enhancement of the fields in the gain composite as well as in the metal inclusions and show analytically that the effective gain is determined by the average near-field enhancement.
description: Accepted to Optics Express. Manuscript contains additional comments