cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Innovative therapeutic strategies for cardiovascular disease
Creators: name: Maiese, Kenneth
Publisher: name: IfADo - Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Dortmund
Year: 2023
Subjects: AMPK
apoptosis
autophagy
FoxO
NAD+
SIRT1

description: As a significant non-communicable disease, cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death for both men and women, comprises almost twenty percent of deaths in most racial and ethnic groups, can affect greater than twenty-five million individuals worldwide over the age of twenty, and impacts global economies with far-reaching financial challenges. Multiple factors can affect the onset of cardiovascular disease that include high serum cholesterol levels, elevated blood pressure, tobacco consumption and secondhand smoke exposure, poor nutrition, physical inactivity, obesity, and concurrent diabetes mellitus. Yet, addressing any of these factors cannot completely eliminate the onset or progression of cardiovascular disorders. Novel strategies are necessary to target underlying cardiovascular disease mechanisms. The silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog 1 (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) (SIRT1), a histone deacetylase, can limit cardiovascular injury, assist with stem cell development, oversee metabolic homeostasis through nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) pathways, foster trophic factor protection, and control cell senescence through the modulation of telomere function. Intimately tied to SIRT1 pathways are mammalian forkhead transcription factors (FoxOs) which can modulate cardiac disease to reduce oxidative stress, repair microcirculation disturbances, and reduce atherogenesis through pathways of autophagy, apoptosis, and ferroptosis. AMP activated protein kinase (AMPK) also is critical among these pathways for the oversight of cardiac cellular metabolism, insulin sensitivity, mitochondrial function, inflammation, and the susceptibility to viral infections such as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus that can impact cardiovascular disease. Yet, the relationship among these pathways is both intricate and complex and requires detailed insight to successfully translate these pathways into clinical care for cardiovascular disorders.
description: EXCLI Journal; 22:Doc690; ISSN 1611-2156
Nonlinear Stokes Mueller Polarimetry
Creators: name: Samim, Masood
name: Krouglov, Serguei
name: Barzda, Virginijus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Stokes Mueller polarimetry is generalized to include nonlinear optical processes such as second- and third-harmonic generation, sum- and difference-frequency generations. The overall algebraic form of the polarimetry is preserved, where the incoming and outgoing radiations are represented by column vectors and the intervening medium is represented by a matrix. Expressions for the generalized nonlinear Stokes vector and the Mueller matrix are provided in terms of coherency and correlation matrices, expanded by higher-dimensional analogues of Pauli matrices. In all cases, the outgoing radiation is represented by the conventional $4\times 1$ Stokes vector, while dimensions of the incoming radiation Stokes vector and Mueller matrix depend on the order of the process being examined. In addition, relation between nonlinear susceptibilities and the measured Mueller matrices are explicitly provided. Finally, the approach of combining linear and nonlinear optical elements is discussed within the context of polarimetry.
ECO-PHYSIOLOGY OF THE ENDOSYMBIONT-BEARING LUCINID BIVALVE, CODAKIA ORBICULATA
Creators: name: BARNES, PENELOPE ANNE GEE
Publisher: name: University of Plymouth
Year: 1993
Subjects: DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY

description: The lucinid bivalve Codakia orbiculata, whose gills contain sulphur-oxidizing symbiotic bacteria, occurs in high densities (500/m2) in the rhizosphere of shallow-water Thalassia testudinum sediments in Bermuda. Both sulphide and thiosulphate stimulate aerobic respiration in the isolated bacterial symbionts of C. orbiculata. Sulphide and thiosulphate stimulate anaerobic ^^COa fixation in bacteria isolated from sulphur-starved bivalves. Interstitial water sulphide concentrations in the bivalves' habitat reach 300 pM, and sulphate-reduction rates are high, but thiosulphate concentrations are low (0.66-32.27 pM) . Thiosulphate supplied to the symbionts in vivo must be produced by sulphide oxidation, possibly by the host bivalve. Isolated symbionts also respire aerobically and fix i * C02 in the absence of exogenous reduced sulphur, suggesting utilization of intracellular elemental sulphur stores. Codakia orbiculata symbiotic bacteria are able to respire nitrate. Nitrate concentrations in the interstitial water of C. orbiculata habitat can reach 36 pM. Thiosulphate stimulates nitrate respiration in the intact symbiosis, incubated in oxic and anoxic conditions, and in anoxic incubations of isolated symbionts. Intracellular elemental sulphur is also used by the •bacteria as a substrate in nitrate respiration. Nitrate respiration in the absence of exogenous nitrate suggests that the sjnnbionts may have a limited ability to store nitrate. There is no direct evidence that sulphide stimulates nitrate respiration in either the isolated symbionts or the intact symbiosis, incubated in anoxic conditions. Nitrite respiration in the symbionts is stimulated by sulphide (only), however. Because nitrate respiration was measured by nitrite accumulation, complete denitrification would explain the apparent failure of sulphide to stimulate nitrate respiration. High nitrate respiration rates in the intact symbiosis, incubated with sulphide in oxic conditions, may be in response to thiosulphate, supplied to the bacterial symbionts after host oxidation of sulphide. Nitrite respiration in the intact symbiosis, even when incubated in oxic conditions, demonstrates that the symbionts have access to some sulphide in vivo, however, and that host sulphide-oxidation may not be- 100% efficient. Nitrate and nitrite respiration in the intact symbiosis, even when incubated in oxic conditions, suggests that the bacteria may be exposed to low oxygen levels in vivo and may require the ability to utilize an alternate electron acceptor. Like some free - living bacteria , Codakia orbiculata bacterial symbionts may co-respire, or alternately respire , oxygen and nitrate . The Thalassia testudinum sediments in Bermuda may be ideal for this bacteria-bivalve symbiosis due to the availability of oxygen, nitrate and sulphide.
title: Characterisation of the high-intensity, wiggler-based X-ray beam at the Australian Synchrotron Imaging & Medical Beam-Line (IMBL)
Creators: name: Stevenson, Andrew
Publisher: name: The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Radiation physics
subject: Experimental
subject: Image manipulation / Reconstruction
subject: Dosimetry
subject: Radiotherapy techniques

description: Aim Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aim: ...
Anti-inflammatory therapy by ibudilast, a phosphodiesterase inhibitor, in demyelination of twitcher, a genetic demyelination model
Creators: name: Kagitani-Shimono, Kuriko
name: Suzuki, Kinuko
Publisher: name: BioMed Central Ltd
Year: 2005

description: Abstract: Background: Twitcher mouse (twi/twi) is an authentic murine model of Krabbe's disease. Accumulation of psychosine, resulting in apoptosis of oligodendrocytes and subsequent demyelination, is a cardinal event to the pathogenesis of this disease. Moreover, recruitment of inflammatory cells plays a significant role in the pathological process in the twi/twi central and peripheral nervous systems. In this study, we investigated the 1) the relationship between tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα), pro-inflammatory cytokine, and the progression of this disease and 2) effect of the anti-inflammatory therapy by ibudilast, a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. Methods: We quantified the expression level of TNFα and TNF-receptor mRNA in twi/twi using semi-quantitative RT-PCR. The relationship between TNFα expression, apoptosis of oligodendrocytes and demyelination was studied with immunohistochemistry and TUNEL method. We then treated twi/twi with a daily intraperitoneal injection of ibudilast (10 mg/kg), which suppress TNFα production in the brain. Results: We found that TNFα-immunoreactive microglia/macrophages appeared in the twi/twi brain and that the mRNA levels of TNFα and TNF-receptor 1 was increased with the progression of demyelination. The distribution profile of TNFα-immunoreactive microglia/macrophages overlapped that of TUNEL-positive oligodendrocytes in the twi/twi brain. When twi/twi was treated with ibudilast from PND30, the number of oligodendrocytes undergoing apoptosis was markedly reduced and demyelination was milder. Obvious improvement of clinical symptom was noted in two of five. The failure of constant clinical improvement by ibudilast may result from hepatotoxicity and/or the inhibition of proliferation of NG2-positive oligodendrocyte precursors. Conclusion: We conclude that anti-inflammatory therapy by a phosphodiesterase inhibitor can be considered as a novel alternative therapy for Krabbe's disease.
title: Evaluation systemischer Erstlinientherapien bei fortgeschrittenem Hepatozellulärem Karzinom am Universitätsklinikum Bonn
title: Eine retrospektive Studie
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Glüer, Oscar André
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Bonn
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Hepatozelluläres Karzinom
subject: Sorafenib
subject: Lenvatinib
subject: Atezolizumab plus Bevacizumab
subject: Subgruppen
subject: ddc:610

description: Die Therapie des hepatozellulären Karzinoms ist herausfordernd, das Therapieziel ist oftmals aufgrund des bei Diagnose meist fortgeschrittenem Tumorleiden und/oder der eingeschränkten Leberfunktion leitliniengemäß palliativ. Diese Arbeit vergleicht die zum Zeitpunkt der Datenerhebung verfügbaren Erstlinien-Systemtherapien Atezolizumab plus Bevacizumab, Lenvatinib und Sorafenib. Primäre Endpunkte waren das Gesamtüberleben und progressionsfreie Überleben. Darüber hinaus wurde das progressionsfreie Überleben für verschiedene Subgruppen verglichen.
 Es wurden 177 Patienten, welche von 2004 bis 2022 wegen eines fortgeschrittenen hepatozellulären Karzinoms eine systemische Erstlinientherapie am Universitätsklinikum Bonn erhielten, verglichen. Davon erhielten 118 Sorafenib, 21 Lenvatinib und 38 Atezolizumab plus Bevacizumab. Das Gesamtüberleben unter Atezolizumab plus Bevacizumab lag bei 15,03 Monaten und war gegenüber Sorafenib mit 9,43 Monaten (P = 0,04) und Lenvatinib mit 8,93 Monaten (P = 0,05) signifikant länger. Ebenso war das progressionsfreie Überleben mit 7,97 Monaten gegenüber Sorafenib mit 4,57 Monaten (P = 0,03) signifikant länger, gegenüber Lenvatinib mit 3,77 Monaten (P = 0,10) jedoch nicht.
 Auch die Objektive Ansprechrate war unter Atezolizumab plus Bevacizumab am größten, jedoch nur gegenüber Sorafenib signifikant (P < 0.001). Die anschließend durchgeführte Subgruppenanalyse ergab ebenfalls das längste progressionsfreie Überleben für Atezolizumab plus Bevacizumab nach lokoregionären Therapien, wie TACE oder SIRT, und bei Patienten mit stabiler Leberfunktion. Es konnte kein signifikanter Unterschied bei der Ätiologie für die Effektivität der Therapie festgestellt werden. In der univariaten Analyse wurde der CRAFITY-Score bei Therapie mit Atezolizumab plus Bevacizumab als einzig statistisch signifikanter PFS-prädiktiver Parameter identifiziert. Atezolizumab plus Bevacizumab zeigte auch die beste Verträglichkeit in unserer Patientenkohorte.
 Insgesamt waren die Ergebnisse nach Gabe von Atezolizumab plus Bevacizumab unabhängig der Ätiologie am besten. Bei Kontraindikationen schien Lenvatinib eine bessere Alternative als Sorafenib zu sein. Bei eingeschränkter Leberfunktion zeigten alle Therapieoptionen eine deutlich schlechtere Wirksamkeit. In diesem Fall war Sorafenib tendenziell die beste Option, jedoch mit erhöhtem Auftreten von Nebenwirkungen.
Analysis plan: Predicting fatigue within the UK Biobank - Model specification and prediction
Creators: name: Pereira, Ines
name: Heinzle, Jakob
name: Frässle, Stefan
name: Galioulline, Herman
name: Kertesz, Imre
name: Manjaly, Zina-Mary
name: Stephan, Klaas Enno
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: This analysis plan contains the imaging and machine learning pipeline for classification and regression procedures in the prediction of fatigue study. In conjunction with the analysis plan for data extraction (https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7835703), it describes the entire analysis pipeline of the study.
Suppression of two-body collisional loss in an ultracold gas via the Fano effect
Creators: name: Jie, Jianwen
name: Zhang, Yawen
name: Zhang, Peng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Fano effect (U. Fano, Phys. Rev. \textbf{15},1866 (1961) shows that an inelastic scattering process can be suppressed when the output channel (OC) is coupled to an isolated bound state. In this paper we investigate the application of this effect for the suppression of two-body collisional losses of ultracold atoms. The Fano effect is originally derived via a first-order perturbation treatment for coupling between the incident channel (IC) and the OC. We generalize the Fano effect to systems with arbitrarily strong IC--OC couplings. We analytically prove that, in a system with one IC and one OC, when the inter-atomic interaction potentials are real functions of the inter-atomic distance, the exact s-wave inelastic scattering amplitude can always be suppressed to \emph{zero} by coupling between the IC or the OC (or both of them) and an extra isolated bound state. We further show that when the low-energy inelastic collision between two ultracold atoms is suppressed by this effect, the real part of the elastic scattering length between the atoms is still possible to be much larger than the range of inter-atomic interaction.In addition, when open scattering channels are coupled to two bound states, with the help of the Fano effect, independent control of the elastic and inelastic scattering amplitudes of two ultracold atoms can be achieved. Possible experimental realizations of our scheme are also discussed.
description: 14 pages,4 figures
Processing sites in the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) Gag-Pro-Pol precursor are cleaved by the viral protease at different rates
Creators: name: Swanstrom, Ronald
name: Pettit, Steve C
name: Kaplan, Andrew H
name: Lindquist, Jeffrey N
Publisher: name: BioMed Central Ltd
Year: 2005

description: Abstract We have examined the kinetics of processing of the HIV-1 Gag-Pro-Pol precursor in an in vitro assay with mature protease added in trans. The processing sites were cleaved at different rates to produce distinct intermediates. The initial cleavage occurred at the p2/NC site. Intermediate cleavages occurred at similar rates at the MA/CA and RT/IN sites, and to a lesser extent at sites upstream of RT. Late cleavages occurred at the sites flanking the protease (PR) domain, suggesting sequestering of these sites. We observed paired intermediates indicative of half- cleavage of RT/RH site, suggesting that the RT domain in Gag-Pro-Pol was in a dimeric form under these assay conditions. These results clarify our understanding of the processing kinetics of the Gag-Pro-Pol precursor and suggest regulated cleavage. Our results further suggest that early dimerization of the PR and RT domains may serve as a regulatory element to influence the kinetics of processing within the Pol domain.
A new simple dynamo model for stellar activity cycle
Creators: name: Yokoi, Nobumitsu
name: Schmitt, Dieter
name: Pipin, Valery
name: Hamba, Fujihiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new simple dynamo model for stellar activity cycle is proposed. By considering an inhomogeneous mean flow effect on turbulence, it is shown that turbulent cross helicity (velocity--magnetic-field correlation) should enter the expression of turbulent electromotive force as the coupling coefficient for the mean absolute vorticity. The inclusion of the cross-helicity effect makes the present model different from the current $α$--$Ω$-type models mainly in two points. First, in addition to the usual $α$ (helicity effect) and $β$ (turbulent magnetic diffusivity), we consider the $γ$ coefficient (cross-helicity effect) as a key ingredient of the dynamo process. Second, unlike the $α$ and $β$ coefficients, which are often treated as an adjustable parameter in the current studies, the spatiotemporal evolution of $γ$ coefficient is solved simultaneously with the mean magnetic-field equations. The basic scenario is as follows: In the presence of turbulent cross helicity, the toroidal field is induced by the toroidal rotation in mediation by the turbulent cross helicity. The $α$ effect generates the poloidal field from the toroidal one. This poloidal field produces a turbulent cross helicity whose sign is opposite to the original one. Then a cycle of reversal completes. Eigenvalue analyses of the simplest possible present model give a butterfly diagram, which confirms the above scenario as well as the equator-ward migrations, the phase relationship between the cross helicity and magnetic fields, etc. These results suggest that the oscillation of the turbulent cross helicity is a key for the activity cycle. The reversal of the turbulent cross helicity is not the result of the magnetic-field reversal, but the cause of the latter. This new model is expected to open up the possibility of the mean-field or turbulence closure dynamo approaches.
description: 15 pages, 6 figures
Ecological and human health risk associated with potentially toxic metals in water from Ijero mining area, Southwest Nigeria
Creators: name: Laniyan, T.A.
name: Adewumi, A.J.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Astronomical and Space Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Ground, surface and mine water samples of the Ijero-Ekiti mining area of Nigeria were assessed for their quality. Also, the ecological and human health risks associated with potentially toxic metals in them were also considered. Sixty samples (30 groundwater, 20 surface water and 10 mine water) were collected during the dry and wet seasons of year 2017. The concentrations of metals in the waters were determined using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (HPLC-ICP-MS). Hydrogeochemistry, weathering indices and mineral speciation were used to assess the quality. Indices such as geo-accumulation and contamination factors were used to determine the extent of contamination by metals. Risk assessments were carried out using internationally acceptable methods. Results revealed that the average concentrations of Co Ni, Cr, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, Ba, Pb and Sb in groundwater were 0.04 mg/l, 0.04 mg/l, 0.03 mg/l, 2.94 mg/l, 0.19 mg/l, 0.02 mg/l, 1.93 mg/l, 0.13 mg/l and 0.006 mg/l, while for wet season, it was 0.03 mg/l, 1.03 mg/l, 0.02 mg/l, 1.99 mg/l, 0.83 mg/l, 0.02 mg/l, 0.04 mg/l, 0.59 mg/l, 0.86 mg/l and 0.002 mg/l, respectively. Plagioclase and silicate weathering contributes significantly to the amount of metals in the waters. Waters from this area are moderately to extremely polluted by heavy metals. Ecological risk revealed that metals in water of the area pose medium to high ecological risk aggravated by Cd, Zn and Ni. Hazard index (HI) for both carcinogenic (>1E-4) and non-carcinogenic health (>1) risks were above the recommended limits of USEPA. Oral ingestion and dermal contact with contaminated water are major pathways for non-carcinogenic health risks. Carcinogenic health risks of water from the area were aggravated by Pb. We suggest that mining activities in the area should be properly monitored to avoid an endemic.
title: A single-centre retrospective analysis of the incidence of seromas post-lumpectomy in patients requiring radiation therapy for the management of breast cancer
Creators: name: Oultram, Sharon
Publisher: name: The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Breast
subject: CT
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Radiation therapy / Oncology
subject: Radiotherapy techniques

description: Aim Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aim: The treatment of early stage breast cancer often involves a lumpectomy plus radiation therapy (1). A seroma is a collection of fluid that may be present at the site of the lumpectomy post- surgery which, if identified on CT-simulation, can be used...
Enhancement of electron correlation due to the molecular dimerization in organic superconductors $β$-(BDA-TTP)$_{2}X$ ($X$=I$_3$, SbF$_6$)
Creators: name: Aizawa, Hirohito
name: Kuroki, Kazuhiko
name: Yamada, Jun-ichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform a first principles band calculation for quasi-two-dimensional organic superconductors $β$-(BDA-TTP)$_{2}$I$_{3}$ and $β$-(BDA-TTP)$_{2}$SbF$_{6}$. The first principles band structures between the I$_{3}$ and SbF$_{6}$ salts are apparently different. We construct a tight-binding model for each material which accurately reproduces the first principles band structure. The obtained transfer energies give the differences such as (i) larger dimerization in the I$_{3}$ salt than the SbF$_{6}$ salt, and (ii) different signs and directions of the inter-stacking transfer energies. To decompose the origin of the difference into the dimerization and the inter-stacking transfer energies, we adopt a simplified model by eliminating the dimerization effect and extract the difference caused by the inter-stacking transfer energies. From the analysis using the simplified model, we find that the difference of the band structure comes mainly from the strength of dimerization. To compare the strength of the electron correlation having roots in the band structure, we calculate the physical properties originated from the effect of the electron correlation such as the spin susceptibility applying two particle self-consistent (TPSC) method. We find that the maximum value of the spin susceptibility of the I$_{3}$ salt is larger than that of the SbF$_{6}$ salt. Hypothetically decreasing the dimerization within the model of the I$_{3}$ salt, the spin susceptibility takes almost the same value as that of the SbF$_6$ salt for the same magnitude of the dimerization. We expect that the different ground state between the I$_{3}$ and SbF$_{6}$ salt mainly comes from the strength of the dimerization which is apparently masked in the band calculation along a particular $k$-path.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures, 1 table
A review of plastic waste management in India – challenges and opportunities
Creators: name: Rafey, Abdul
name: Siddiqui, Faisal Zia
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Plastic waste generation in India was around 9.4 million tonnes.year−1 in 2019 as compared to the global generation rate of more than 380 million tonnes.year−1 in 2019. Thus, India’s contribution was around 3.1% of the global plastic waste generation. Globally, 42% of overall plastics produced are consumed by packaging sector and 17% by the construction sector. Whereas in India 35% is consumed by the packaging sector and 23% by construction sector. Bioplastic production is 1% out of 300 million tonnes of conventional plastics produced annually. This review attempts to analyse the plastic waste management rules, legislations, policies and practices in India during the period 1992–2020. The worldwide trend of bioplastic projects is reflected in studies in India, indicating a changed perception of bioplastics as an alternative source to conventional plastics. However, facilitating the implementation of conventional waste plastic processing plant and production of bioplastics in India involves challenges in terms of technology, developing a standardised framework and financial incentives. A legislative framework for the production of bioplastics in India should be developed alongwith an action plan for energy recovery from plastic waste. Markets for conventional plastic waste processing and production of bioplastic projects are not mature in India. This paper addresses the need for developing a roadmap towards efficient planning and sustainable solutions for both conventional plastics and bioplastics.
Strain-Induced Magnetic Anisotropy in Epitaxial Thin Films of the Spinel CoCr$_2$O$_4$
Creators: name: Heuver, Jeroen A.
name: Scaramucci, Andrea
name: Blickenstorfer, Yves
name: Matzen, Sylvia
name: Spaldin, Nicola A.
name: Ederer, Claude
name: Noheda, Beatriz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the magnetic anisotropy in spinel-structure CoCr$_2$O$_4$ thin films exhibits a strain dependence in which compressive strain induces an out-of-plane magnetic easy axis and tensile strain an in-plane easy axis, exactly opposite to the behavior reported for the related compound CoFe$_2$O$_4$. We use density functional theory calculations within the LSDA+U approximation to reproduce and explain the observed behavior. Using second-order perturbation theory, we analyse the anisotropy tensor of the Co$^{2+}$ ions in both octahedral and tetrahedral coordination, allowing us to extend our results to spinels with general arrangements of Co$^{2+}$ ions.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures
The Power of Empowerment:Recognising Power Relations within 'Development' for Communities in Zambia
Creators: name: Treasure, Karen
Publisher: name: University of Plymouth
Year: 2009

description: Empowerment has emerged as a key focus of development policy and practices in the contemporary era, where simultaneously a need for 'development' is ascribed due to historically determined power relations imposed through discourse and intervention. This research enquires into the contradiction inherent in assuming an intemational agenda to empower those who are continually disempowered. Through analysis of a series of case studies of development projects in Zambia, this research argues that the potential of the empowerment agenda is inherently limited by the ongoing structural conditions of development. In the cases studied, community members successfiilly achieve a form of 'subjective empowerment' which enables them to assume a more powerful role within the boundaries of action determined by their possible frameworks of opportunity. But these forms of power do not hold the potential to create communities which are relatively more powerful on the global stage. Progression to a form of 'objective empowerment' is constrained by the boundaries to power which are imposed through historically set and continually recreated power relations within the global political economy.
Mindfulness for irritable bowel syndrome: Protocol development for a controlled clinical trial
Creators: name: Gaylord, Susan A
name: Palsson, Olafur S
name: Garland, Eric
name: Coble, Rebecca S
name: Faurot, Keturah R
name: Whitehead, William
name: Mann, J Douglas
Publisher: name: BioMed Central Ltd
Year: 2009

description: Abstract Background Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), a functional bowel disorder with symptoms of abdominal pain and disturbed defecation experienced by 10% of U.S. adults, results in significant disability, impaired quality of life, and health-care burden. Conventional medical care focusing on pharmacological approaches, diet, and lifestyle management has been partially effective in controlling symptoms. Behavioral treatments, such as cognitive-behavioral therapy and hypnosis, are promising. This paper describes an on-going feasibility study to assess the efficacy of mindfulness training, a behavioral treatment involving directing and sustaining attention to present-moment experience, for the treatment of IBS. Methods/Design The study design involves randomization of adult women with IBS according to Rome II criteria, to either an eight-week mindfulness training group (based on a Mindfulness-based Stress Reduction [MBSR] format) or a previously validated IBS social-support group as an attention-control condition. The primary hypothesis is that, compared to Support Group participants, those in the Mindfulness Program will demonstrate significant improvement in IBS symptoms as measured by the IBS Symptom Severity Scale 1. Discussion 214 individuals have been screened for eligibility, of whom 148 were eligible for the study. Of those, 87 were enrolled, with 21 withdrawing after having given consent. 66 have completed or are in the process of completing the interventions. It is feasible to undertake a rigorous randomized clinical trial of mindfulness training for people with IBS, using a standardized MBSR protocol adapted for those experiencing IBS, compared to a control social-support group previously utilized in IBS studies. Trial Registration Clinical Trials.gov Identifier: NCT00680693
Prompt charmonia production and polarization at LHC in the NRQCD with kt-factorization. Part II: $χ_c$ mesons
Creators: name: Baranov, S. P.
name: Lipatov, A. V.
name: Zotov, N. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the framework of kt-factorization approach,the production of prompt $χ_c$ mesons in pp collisions at the LHC energies is studied. Our consideration is based on the off-shell amplitudes for hard partonic subprocesses $g^*g^*\toχ_{cJ}$ and non-relativistic QCD formalism for bound states. The transverse momentum dependent (unintegrated) gluon densities in a proton were derived from Ciafaloni-Catani-Fiorani-Marchesini evolution equation or, alternatively, were chosen in accordance with Kimber-Martin-Ryskin prescription. Taking into account both color singlet and color octet contributions, we deduce the corresponding non-perturbative long-distance matrix elements from the fits to the latest ATLAS data on $χ_{c1}$ and $χ_{c2}$ transverse momentum distributions at $\sqrt s = 7$ TeV. We find that these distributions at small and moderate pt are formed mainly by the color singlet components. We successfully described the data on the differential cross sections and relative production rates $σ(χ_{c2})/σ(χ_{c1})$ presented by the ATLAS, CMS and LHCb Collaborations. We find that the fit points to unequal wave functions of $χ_{c1}$ and $χ_{c2}$ states.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures
A role for ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling in the hierarchical cooperativity between noninteracting transcription factors
Creators: name: Michel, Denis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Chromatin remodeling machineries are abundant and diverse in eukaryotic cells. They have been involved in a variety of situations such as histone exchange and DNA repair, but their importance in gene expression remains unclear. Although the influence of nucleosome position on the regulation of gene expression is generally envisioned under the quasi-equilibrium perspective, it is proposed that given the ATP-dependence of chromatin remodeling enzymes, certain mechanisms necessitate non-equilibrium treatments. Examination of the celebrated chromatin remodeling system of the mouse mammary tumor virus, in which the binding of transcription factors opens the way to other ones, reveals that breaking equilibrium offers a subtle mode of transcription factor cooperativity, avoids molecular trapping phenomena and allows to reconcile previously conflicting experimental data. This mechanism provides a control lever of promoter responsiveness to transcription factor combinations, challenging the classical view of the unilateral influence of pioneer on secondary transcription factors.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures. This manuscript is an extended version of the article: Hierarchical cooperativity mediated by chromatin remodeling; the model of the MMTV transcription regulation. 2011. J. Theor. Biol. 287, 74-81
title: Patient wait list management - comparison with RANZCR guidelines
Creators: name: Do, Andrew
Publisher: name: The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Management
subject: Computer applications
subject: CT
subject: Radiation therapy / Oncology
subject: Health policy and practice
subject: Computer Applications-3D
subject: Multidisciplinary cancer care

description: Aim Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aim: Assess the impact of organizational machine activity numbers on Radiation Therapy Wait times as compared with guidelines recommended by the Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists (RANZCR) (1) . Wait times are an important indicator...
Les comptes de l'hôtel de Marie, duchesse d'Anjou (1365-1366). Édition critique du ms. Archives nationales, KK 241 [map]
Creators: name: Graham-Goering, Erika
Publisher: name: Durham University
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: World politics
subject: Middle Ages
subject: Historical geography
subject: Medieval accounts
subject: Duchy of Anjou

description: The original interactive version of this map was published at: https://datawrapper.dwcdn.net/w8B5y/1/
description: The map accompanies the following article: Erika Graham-Goering, ‘Les comptes de l'hôtel de Marie, duchesse d'Anjou (1365-1366). Édition critique du ms. Archives nationales, KK 241’, in ‘Bretons du Moyen Âge, entre guerre et paix. Mélanges en l'honneur de Michael Jones’, ed. Yves Coativy, Anne Curry et Frédérique Lachaud, Annales de Bretagne et des Pays de l'Ouest, 130-2 (2023)
description: A critical edition of the surviving household account of Marie de Bretagne (Archives nationales, KK 241) pays tribute not only to Michael Jones’ expertise as a prolific editor of archival materials relating to the Breton ducal family, but to his fundamental research on the late medieval duchy, on aristocratic lifestyles, and on documentary practices themselves. Running from 13 July 1365 to 7 March 1366, Marie’s account is fortuitously timed to give glimpses into the aftermath of the defeat of her parents, Charles de Blois and Jeanne de Penthièvre, duke and duchess of Brittany, in the War of Succession. For example, Marie had taken her youngest brother into her household while their mother attends to business elsewhere, and arranged for a commemorative mass for her father’s soul. More generally, the account gives detailed information on the material, organizational, and logistical aspects of a princess’ household. It is divided into 4 sections: money received, routine daily expenditures, extraordinary expenditures, and provisions in kind. Together, these entries allow us to reconstruct Marie’s regular itinerary within Anjou as well as a protracted trip to Languedoc, of which her husband was royal lieutenant; relationships within and outside her entourage; and the luxury consumption displayed with regards to food, clothing, patronage, and many other aspects of live. Finally, the interest of this account lies in its unusual composition: the original records having been destroyed in the siege of Vaas in 1370, the ducal accountant pieced together this replacement in 1376 with careful notes on where he derived his information. We can therefore see how an administrator made use of surviving records from different parts of the household to reconstruct one of the countless documents lost to the violence of the Hundred Years’ War.
Total organic carbon, heavy metal content and metal bioaccumulation in a freshwater wetland of Indo-Burmese province, India
Creators: name: Kalita, Suravi
name: Kumar, Sejal
name: Sarma, Hari Prasad
name: Devi, Arundhuti
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Astronomical and Space Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: This study attempts to assess the spatio-temporal distribution of total organic carbon (TOC) and heavy metals in one of the Ramsar wetlands of Indo-Burmese province. Water samples were collected from 10 sampling points during the premonsoon, monsoon and postmonsoon season of 2016 and 2017. The general water parameters such as low DO, high BOD, and high fluoride imply the wetland water’s deteriorated quality. The mean TOC of water was estimated to be 2.4 ± 0.33 ppm, the first report from Deepor Beel. Pearson’s correlation coefficient showed a significant positive relation (> 0.7) between TOC, phosphate, and nitrate, which indicates the seasonal inflow of these parameters from a similar source. The computed heavy metal indices revealed that most of the water samples were highly contaminated by metals. The metal concentration recorded in the selected macrophytes and fishes species was far above the concentration of the respective metal in the water samples. Metal distribution in plant samples disclosed that Euryale ferox showed better accumulation ability than Hydrilla verticillata and Eichhornia crassipes. Among the fish species, the highest metal accumulation was recorded in Xenentodon cancila (zinc, iron, manganese, and nickel) and Channa punctatus (lead and cadmium). In the fish samples, metal accumulation was found to be higher in the organs (particularly in the kidney) than in the muscles. Bioconcentration factor revealed a high metal accumulation in the submerged type plants and surface feeder fishes.
Next-generation analytical platforms for antioxidant capacity assessment: The urge for realistic and physiologically relevant methods
Creators: name: Granato, Daniel
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Bioactive compounds, such as carotenoids, alkaloids, and phenolics, are well known because of their alleged health benefits when consumed regularly in a balanced healthy diet. Some well-documented bioactivities are antioxidant, antihypertensive, antihyperglycemic, antilipidemic, anti-obesity, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial capacities. Trying to associate the chemical composition of distinct sources and their bioactivity using in vitro methods, several assays have been developed, implemented, and optimised to recapitulate human physiological conditions. However, in most cases, pitfalls are apparent, and no single test tube-based assay can predict in vivo responses. The need for a more physiologically relevant cell-based method to evaluate the antioxidant capacity of putative antioxidants is apparent. Therefore, in this Review, the current state-of-the-art in food science and nutrition is aligned with cell biology/bioengineering approaches to propose combining in vitro digestion and absorption to obtain a bioavailable fraction containing antioxidants. Overall, human plasma, 2- dimensional human cell lines, such as erythrocytes, lymphocytes, hepatocytes, enterocytes and, ultimately, 3- dimensional spheroids (organoids) could be used as biologically relevant models to assess the antioxidant activity of compounds, foods, and nutraceuticals. This versatile approach is deemed suitable, accurate, reproducible, and physiologically relevant to evaluate the protective effects of antioxidants against ROS-mediated oxidation in vitro.
Multiple mobility edges in a 1D Aubry chain with Hubbard interaction in presence of electric field: Controlled electron transport
Creators: name: Saha, Srilekha
name: Maiti, Santanu K.
name: Karmakar, S. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electronic behavior of a 1D Aubry chain with Hubbard interaction is critically analyzed in presence of electric field. Multiple energy bands are generated as a result of Hubbard correlation and Aubry potential, and, within these bands localized states are developed under the application of electric field. Within a tight-binding framework we compute electronic transmission probability and average density of states using Green's function approach where the interaction parameter is treated under Hartree-Fock mean field scheme. From our analysis we find that selective transmission can be obtained by tuning injecting electron energy, and thus, the present model can be utilized as a controlled switching device.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures (Accepted for Publication in Physica E: Low-Dimensional Systems and Nanostructures)
title: Mitigating angular dependence of nanoDot OSLD for phantom measurements in MV beams
Creators: name: Lehmann, Joerg
Publisher: name: The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Computer applications
subject: Experimental
subject: Equipment
subject: Outcomes

description: Aim Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aim: The aim of this study was to quantify the angular dependence of the nanoDot Optically Stimulated Luminescence Detector (OSLD) system in MV X-ray beams at depths and to mitigate this dependence for measurements in phantoms trough an innovative design...
Pyridine intercalated Bi$_2$Se$_3$ heterostructures: controlling the topologically protected states
Creators: name: de Oliveira, I. S. S.
name: Miwa, R. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use ab initio simulations to investigate the incorporation of pyridine molecules (C$_5$H$_5$N) in the van der Waals gaps of Bi$_2$Se$_3$. The intercalated pyridine molecules increase the separation distance between the Bi$_2$Se$_3$ quintuple layers (QLs), suppressing the parity inversion of the electronic states at the $Γ$-point. We find that the intercalated region becomes a trivial insulator. By combining the pristine Bi$_2$Se$_3$ region with the one intercalated by the molecules, we have a non-trivial/trivial heterojunction characterized by the presence of (topologically protected) metallic states at the interfacial region. Next we apply an external compressive pressure to the system, and the results are (i) a decrease on the separation distance between the QLs intercalated by pyridine molecules, and (ii) the metallic states are shifted toward the bulk region, turning the system back to insulator. That is, through a suitable tuning of the external pressure in Bi$_2$Se$_3$, intercalated by pyridine molecules, we can control its topological properties; turning-on and -off the topologically protected metallic states lying at the non-trivial/trivial interface.
A quantum phase transition from $Z_2 \times Z_2$ to $Z_2$ topological order
Creators: name: Zarei, Mohammad Hossein
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Although the topological order is known as a quantum order in quantum many-body systems, it seems that there is not a one-to-one correspondence between topological phases and quantum phases. As a well-known example, it has been shown that all one-dimensional (1D) quantum phases are topologically trivial\cite{spt}. By such a fact, it seems a challenging task to understand when a quantum phase transition between different topological models necessarily reveals different topological classes of them. In this paper, we make an attempt to consider this problem by studying a phase transition between two different quantum phases which belong to a universal topological phase. We define a Hamiltonian which describes an interpolation between the toric code model with $Z_2$ topological order and the color code model with $Z_2 \times Z_2$ topological order on a hexagonal lattice. We show such a model is exactly mapped to many copies of 1D quantum Ising model in transverse field by rewriting the Hamiltonian in a new complete basis. Consequently, we show that the universal topological phase of the color code model and the toric code model reflects in the 1D nature of the phase transition. We also consider the expectation value of Wilson loops by a perturbative calculation and show that behavior of the Wilson loop captures the non-topological nature of the quantum phase transition. The result on the point of phase transition also show that the color code model is strongly robust against the toric code model.
description: 15 pages, 5 figures, minor revisions, references added, accepted for publication in Physical Review A
Recombinant adeno-associated virus type 2-mediated gene delivery into the Rpe65-/-knockout mouse eye results in limited rescue
Creators: name: Zhou, Xiaohuai
Publisher: name: BioMed Central Ltd
Year: 2004

description: Abstract Background Leber's congenital amaurosis (LCA) is a severe form of retinal dystrophy. Mutations in the RPE65 gene, which is abundantly expressed in retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells, account for approximately 10–15% of LCA cases. In this study we used the high turnover, and rapid breeding and maturation time of the Rpe65-/- knockout mice to assess the efficacy of using rAAV-mediated gene therapy to replace the disrupted RPE65 gene. The potential for rAAV-mediated gene treatment of LCA was then analyzed by determining the pattern of RPE65 expression, the physiological and histological effects that it produced, and any improvement in visual function. Methods rAAV.RPE65 was injected into the subretinal space of Rpe65-/- knockout mice and control mice. Histological and immunohistological analyses were performed to evaluate any rescue of photoreceptors and to determine longevity and pattern of transgene expression. Electron microscopy was used to examine ultrastructural changes, and electroretinography was used to measure changes in visual function following rAAV.RPE65 injection. Results rAAV-mediated RPE65 expression was detected for up to 18 months post injection. The delivery of rAAV.RPE65 to Rpe65-/- mouse retinas resulted in a transient improvement in the maximum b-wave amplitude under both scotopic and photopic conditions (76% and 59% increase above uninjected controls, respectively) but no changes were observed in a-wave amplitude. However, this increase in b-wave amplitude was not accompanied by any slow down in photoreceptor degeneration or apoptotic cell death. Delivery of rAAV.RPE65 also resulted in a decrease in retinyl ester lipid droplets and an increase in short wavelength cone opsin-positive cells, suggesting that the recovery of RPE65 expression has long-term benefits for retinal health. Conclusion This work demonstrated the potential benefits of using the Rpe65-/- mice to study the effects and mechanism of rAAV.RPE65-mediated gene delivery into the retina. Although the functional recovery in this model was not as robust as in the dog model, these experiments provided important clues about the long-term physiological benefits of restoration of RPE65 expression in the retina.