cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Linear growth of the entanglement entropy and the Kolmogorov-Sinai rate
Creators: name: Bianchi, Eugenio
name: Hackl, Lucas
name: Yokomizo, Nelson
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The rate of entropy production in a classical dynamical system is characterized by the Kolmogorov-Sinai entropy rate $h_{\mathrm{KS}}$ given by the sum of all positive Lyapunov exponents of the system. We prove a quantum version of this result valid for bosonic systems with unstable quadratic Hamiltonian. The derivation takes into account the case of time-dependent Hamiltonians with Floquet instabilities. We show that the entanglement entropy $S_A$ of a Gaussian state grows linearly for large times in unstable systems, with a rate $Λ_A \leq h_{KS}$ determined by the Lyapunov exponents and the choice of the subsystem $A$. We apply our results to the analysis of entanglement production in unstable quadratic potentials and due to periodic quantum quenches in many-body quantum systems. Our results are relevant for quantum field theory, for which we present three applications: a scalar field in a symmetry-breaking potential, parametric resonance during post-inflationary reheating and cosmological perturbations during inflation. Finally, we conjecture that the same rate $Λ_A$ appears in the entanglement growth of chaotic quantum systems prepared in a semiclassical state.
description: 50+17 Pages, 11 figures
Photometric studies of three multiperiodic Beta Cephei stars: Beta CMa, 15 CMa and KZ Mus
Creators: name: Shobbrook, R. R.
name: Handler, G.
name: Lorenz, D.
name: Mogorosi, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have carried out single and multi-site photometry of the three Beta Cephei stars Beta and 15 CMa as well as KZ Mus. For the two stars in CMa, we obtained 270 h of measurement in the Stromgren uvy and Johnson V filters, while 150 h of time-resolved Stromgren uvy photometry was acquired for KZ Mus. All three stars are multi-periodic variables, with three (Beta CMa) and four (15 CMa, KZ Mus) independent pulsation modes. Two of the mode frequencies of 15 CMa are new discoveries and one of the known modes showed amplitude variations over the last 33 years. Taken together, this explains the star's diverse behaviour reported in the literature fully. Mode identification by means of the amplitude ratios in the different passbands suggests one radial mode for each star. In addition, Beta CMa has a dominant l=2 mode while its third mode is nonradial with unknown l. The nonradial modes of 15 CMa, which are l <= 3, form an almost equally split triplet that, if physical, would imply that we see the star under an inclination angle larger than 55 degrees. The strongest nonradial mode of KZ Mus is l=2, followed by the radial mode and a dipole mode. Its weakest known mode is nonradial with unknown l, confirming previous mode identifications for the star's pulsations. The phased light curve for the strongest mode of 15 CMa has a descending branch steeper than the rising branch. A stillstand phenomenon during the rise to maximum light is indicated. Given the low photometric amplitude of this nonradial mode this is at first sight surprising, but it can be explained by the mode's aspect angle.
description: 12 pages, 11 figures
Finite Temperature Transitions in Lattice QCD with Wilson Quarks --- Chiral Transitions and the Influence of the Strange Quark ---
Creators: name: Iwasaki, Y.
name: Kanaya, K.
name: Kaya, S.
name: Sakai, S.
name: Yoshié, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nature of finite temperature transitions in lattice QCD with Wilson quarks is studied near the chiral limit for the cases of 2, 3, and 6 flavors of degenerate quarks ($N_F=2$, 3, and 6) and also for the case of massless up and down quarks and a light strange quark ($N_F=2+1$). Our simulations mainly performed on lattices with the temporal direction extension $N_t=4$ indicate that the finite temperature transition in the chiral limit (chiral transition) is continuous for $N_F=2$, while it is of first order for $N_F=3$ and 6. We find that the transition is of first order for the case of massless up and down quarks and the physical strange quark where we obtain a value of $m_ϕ/m_ρ$ consistent with the physical value. We also discuss the phase structure at zero temperature as well as that at finite temperatures.
description: uuencoded compressed tar file, 70 pages, 32 figures
Stability of disk-like galaxies--Part I: Stability via reduction
Creators: name: Firt, Roman
name: Rein, Gerhard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 35B35, 85A05

description: We prove the existence and stability of flat steady states of the Vlasov-Poisson system, which in astrophysics are used as models of disk-like galaxies. We follow the variational approach developed by Guo and Rein for this type of problems and extend previous results of Rein. In particular, we employ a reduction procedure which relates the stability problem for the Vlasov-Poisson system to the analogous question for the Euler-Poisson system.
description: 21 pages
Quantum data processing and error correction
Creators: name: Schumacher, Benjamin
name: Nielsen, M. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper investigates properties of noisy quantum information channels. We define a new quantity called {\em coherent information} which measures the amount of quantum information conveyed in the noisy channel. This quantity can never be increased by quantum information processing, and it yields a simple necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of perfect quantum error correction.
description: LaTeX, 20 pages
Extrasolar Planets and Their Host Stars
Creators: name: von Braun, Kaspar
name: Boyajian, Tabetha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In order to understand the exoplanet, you need to understand its parent star. Astrophysical parameters of extrasolar planets are directly and indirectly dependent on the properties of their respective host stars. These host stars are very frequently the only visible component in the systems. This book describes our work in the field of characterization of exoplanet host stars using interferometry to determine angular diameters, trigonometric parallax to determine physical radii, and SED fitting to determine effective temperatures and luminosities. The interferometry data are based on our decade-long survey using the CHARA Array. We describe our methods and give an update on the status of the field, including a table with the astrophysical properties of all stars with high-precision interferometric diameters out to 150 pc (status Nov 2016). In addition, we elaborate in more detail on a number of particularly significant or important exoplanet systems, particularly with respect to (1) insights gained from transiting exoplanets, (2) the determination of system habitable zones, and (3) the discrepancy between directly determined and model-based stellar radii. Finally, we discuss current and future work including the calibration of semi-empirical methods based on interferometric data.
description: 80 pages in SpringerBrief format containing a few blank pages, 16 figures, 1 table of all stars with high-precision interferometric diameters, glossary of commonly encountered terms, SpringerBrief 2017, ISBN 978-3-319-61198-3
Big Data solutions for the online processing of trigger-less detectors data
Creators: name: Zanetti, Marco
name: Pazzini, Jacopo
name: Migliorini, Matteo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: The need for an unbiased analysis of large complex datasets, especially those collected by the LHC experiments, is pushing for data acquisition systems where predefined online trigger selections are limited if not suppressed at all. Not just this poses tremendous challenges for the hardware components, but also calls for new strategies for the online software infrastructures. Open source Big-Data tools could certainly offer valuable solutions for the latter. In view of the high luminosity upgrade of the LHC, we developed a prototype online processing scheme for the CMS muon detectors (Drift Tubes Chambers, DT), which streams signals from the front-end electronics at the same rate as the LHC clock (40 MHz) and serves them through Apache Kafka to a remote Apache Spark cluster where offline quality reconstruction algorithms are run. Extensive tests have been carried out demonstrating the scalability of the system, in particular the throughput expected from the DT chambers at HL-LHC can be sustained by a computing cluster of comparable size as the current prototype. This setup has been exploited successfully for beam tests and will be deployed for parasitic operations in CMS during the next LHC Run.
Harmaline-Induced Tremor in Mice: Videotape Documentation and Open Questions About the Model
Creators: Cheng, Melody M.
Tang, Guomei
Kuo, Sheng-Han
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Background

Harmaline-induced tremor in rodents has been extensively used as an animal model for essential tremor (ET). However, there is no visual documentation in the published literature.

Methods

We injected mice subcutaneously with either 20 mg/kg of harmaline hydrochloride or saline and then videotaped the responses.

Results

Action and postural tremor in the mouse began 5 minutes after subcutaneous harmaline injection and peaked at approximately 30 minutes. The tremor involved the head, trunk, tail, and four limbs and lasted for approximately 2 hours. The forelimb tremor was postural or action tremor, similar to that observed in ET.

Discussion

This video segment provides the first visual documentation of the phenomenology of harmaline-induced tremor in a mouse. We also raise several unanswered questions regarding the use of harmaline-induced tremor to model ET.
Additional file 3 of Dynamic serum biomarkers to predict the efficacy of PD-1 in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Creators: name: Zhang, Ao
name: Zhong, Guanqing
name: Wang, Luocan
name: Cai, Rongzeng
name: Han, Runkun
name: Xu, Caixia
name: Chen, Shulin
name: Sun, Peng
name: Chen, Hao
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: Medicine
Cell Biology
Biotechnology
Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Cancer

description: Additional file 3: Table S2. Abbreviations and full names of serum markers.
40 MHz Level-1 Trigger Scouting for CMS
Creators: name: Sakulin, Hannes
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: The CMS experiment will be upgraded for operation at the High-Luminosity LHC to maintain and extend its optimal physics performance under extreme pileup conditions. Upgrades will include an entirely new tracking system, supplemented by a track trigger processor capable of providing tracks at Level-1, as well as a high-granularity calorimeter in the endcap region. New front-end and back-end electronics will also provide the level-1 trigger with high-resolution information from the barrel calorimeter and the muon systems. The upgraded Level-1 processors, based on powerful FPGAs, will be able to carry out sophisticated feature searches with resolutions often similar to the offline ones, while keeping pileup effects under control. In this paper, we discuss the feasibility of a system capturing Level-1 intermediate data at the beam-crossing rate of 40 MHz and carrying out online analyses based on these limited-resolution data. This 40 MHz scouting system would provide fast and virtually unlimited statistics for detector diagnostics, alternative luminosity measurements and, in some cases, calibrations, and it has the potential to enable the study of otherwise inaccessible signatures, either too common to fit in the L1 accept budget, or with requirements which are orthogonal to "mainstream" physics, such as long-lived particles. We discuss the requirements and possible architecture of a Phase-2 40 MHz scouting system, as well as some of the physics potential, and results from a demonstrator operated at the end of Run-2 using the Global Muon Trigger data from CMS. Plans for further demonstrators envisaged for Run 3 are also discussed.
Long-Term Effect of Sodium Oxybate (Xyrem) in Spasmodic Dysphonia with Vocal Tremor
Creators: Simonyan, Kristina
Frucht, Steven J.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Symptoms of spasmodic dysphonia (SD) are usually managed successfully with botulinum toxin injections. Vocal tremor (VT), which accompanies SD, has a poor response to this treatment. Case Report We report a case of a female with SD and VT who became symptom-free for 10 months after the intake of a single dose of sodium oxybate (Xyrem). The long-term treatment effect correlated with attenuated brain activity in the key regions of dystonic brain network. Discussion Our case demonstrates that the novel treatment of sodium oxybate may hold promise for SD patients, especially those who have associated VT.
The CMS Trigger upgrade for the HL-LHC
Creators: name: Thiago Tomei Fernandez
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: The CMS experiment has been designed with a two-level trigger system: the Level 1 Trigger, implemented on custom-designed electronics, and the High Level Trigger, a streamlined version of the CMS offline reconstruction software running on a computer farm. During its "Phase 2" the LHC will reach a luminosity of 7×10³⁴ cm⁻²s⁻¹ with a pileup of 200 collisions, integrating over 3000 fb⁻¹ over the full experimental run. To fully exploit the higher luminosity, the CMS experiment will introduce a more advanced Level 1 Trigger and increase the full readout rate from 100 kHz to 750 kHz. CMS is designing an efficient data-processing hardware trigger (Level-1) that will include tracking information and high-granularity calorimeter information. The current conceptual system design is expected to take full advantage of advances in FPGA and link technologies over the coming years, providing a high-performance, low-latency computing platform for large throughput and sophisticated data correlation across diverse sources. The higher luminosity, event complexity and input rate present an unprecedented challenge to the High Level Trigger, that aims to achieve a similar efficiency and rejection factor as today despite the higher pileup and more pure preselection. In this presentation we will discuss the ongoing studies and prospects for the online reconstruction and selection algorithms for the high-luminosity era.
Optimal Stationary Synchronization of Heterogeneous Linear Multi-Agent Systems
Creators: name: Bernhard, Sebastian
name: Khodaverdian, Saman
name: Adamy, Jürgen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.8; I.2.11
subject: 93C05, 93C15, 93C35, 49K15

description: In this paper, we address the output synchronization of heterogeneous linear networks. In the literature, all agents are typically required to synchronize exactly to a common trajectory. Here, we introduce optimal stationary synchronization (OSS) instead which permits non-zero steady-state synchronization errors. As a benefit, we are able to relax standard requirements. E.g., agents are allowed to participate in the network even when they usually cannot synchronize exactly. In addition, OSS enables agents to save input-energy by synchronizing within tolerable error-bounds. Our new method combines the synchronization of bounded exosystems with local infinite-time linear quadratic tracking (LQT). This results in an optimal balance of each agent's synchronization error versus its consumed input-energy. Moreover, we extend recent results in LQT such that the derived time-invariant optimal control guarantees that the synchronization error satisfies given strict bounds. All these aspects are demonstrated by an illustrative simulation example with a detailed analysis.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures, final version to appear in proceedings of American Control Conference (ACC), 2018
Tremor in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Creators: de Oliveira, Gisele R.
Aquino, Patricia S.
Carvalho Costa, Allyne M.
Louis, Elan D.
Braga, Lucia L. B. C.
Souza, Marcellus H. L. P.
Rola, Francisco H.
Gondim, Francisco A. A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: The spectrum of neurological manifestations of Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) is diverse and not fully understood. In addition to peripheral neuropathy, mild autonomic impairment has been reported. These problems themselves could also result in secondary neurological consequences, such as the exacerbation of enhanced physiological tremor. Indeed, some patients in our cohort complained of tremor. Hence, we hypothesized that enhanced physiological tremor would be more severe in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) than controls.
Low Latency, Online Processing of the High-Bandwidth Bunch-by-Bunch Observation Data from the Transverse Damper Systems of the LHC
Creators: name: Soderen, Martin
name: Valuch, Daniel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: The transverse feedback system in LHC provides turn-by-turn, bunch-by-bunch measurements of the beam transverse position with a submicrometer resolution from 16 pickups. This results in a 16 high-bandwidth data-streams (1Gbit/s each), which are sent through a digital signal processing chain to calculate the correction kicks which are then applied to the beam. These data-streams contain valuable information about beam parameters and stability. A system that can extract and analyze these parameters and make them available for the users is extremely valuable for the accelerators physicists, machine operators, or engineers working with LHC. This paper introduces the next generation transverse observation system, which was designed specifically to allow demanding low-latency (few turns) beam parameter analysis such as passive tune extraction or transverse instability detection, while at the same time provide users around CERN with the raw data-streams in form of buffers. A new acquisition card and driver was developed that achieves a latency less than 100$\mu$s from the position being measured by the pickup to data being available for processing on the host. This data is then processed by a multitude of applications that are executed in a real-time environment that was fine-tuned for the driver and the applications. To handle the high throughput required by the analysis applications without saturating the computing resources, a combination of parallel programming techniques are used in combination with GPGPU computing.
Daidalotarsonemus lini Ochoa, Rezende & Lofego, 2015 Ochoa, Rezende & Lofego 2015
Creators: name: Rezende, José Marcos
name: Bauchan, Gary
name: Lin, Jian-Zhen
name: Ochoa, Ronald
name: Lofego, Antonio Carlos
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Prostigmata
Tarsonemidae
Daidalotarsonemus
Daidalotarsonemus lini

description: Daidalotarsonemus lini Ochoa, Rezende & Lofego, 2015
(Figs. 70–72)
 Daidalotarsonemus lini Rezende et al., 2015b: 473; Sousa et al., 2018: 70.
 Diagnosis. Female: Gnathosoma: Palpal length about 1/4 length of gnathosoma. Dorsum: Reticulate ornamentation on prodorsum and tergite C. Tergite C with four transverse rows of well-defined cells, grouped between setae c1, and same number of cells per row (four) except for the last (seven). Tergite D scarcely ornamented. Setae v1, sc2, c2 and h unmodified in shape. Setae v1 as long as sc2 (~ 30). Setae c2 longer than h (~ 23 and ~ 14, respectively). Setae c1, d, e and f leaf-shaped. Setae c1 linear-lanceolate in shape, longer than c2 (~ 27) and inserted near midlength of tergite C. Setae d and f identical in length (~ 30) and shape (spatulate with two lateral veins). Setae e ensiform in shape, shorter than d, f and h (~ 10). Setae f ~15 distant from each other, on tubercles. Venter: Tegula truncate, slightly arched posteriorly. Apodemes distinct, except for prosternal apodeme from level of apodemes 2 to sejugal apodeme. Apodemes 2 not fused to prosternal apodeme. Poststernal apodeme bifurcated anteriorly. Legs: sensory cluster of tibiotarsus I complete. Seta tc” of tarsus II serrate but not robust. Male & larva: unknown.
 Type material deposition: holotype ♀ and eight paratypes ♀ deposited at NMCR; four paratypes ♀ at USNM; two paratypes ♀ at CALFAUCR; one paratype ♀ at CNC; one paratype ♀ at DZSJRP.
 Locality: 10°26′N 84°1′W, La Selva Biological Station, Heredia Province, Costa Rica (Rezende et al. 2015b — type series locality); 14°47′47”S 39°10′15”W, Ilhéus, State of Bahia, Brazil (Sousa et al. 2018).
description: Published as part of Rezende, José Marcos, Bauchan, Gary, Lin, Jian-Zhen, Ochoa, Ronald & Lofego, Antonio Carlos, 2024, Review of the genus Daidalotarsonemus De Leon (Acari: Prostigmata: Tarsonemidae), pp. 1-170 in Zootaxa 5426 (1) on page 89, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5426.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10840715
Hyperbolic-metamaterial waveguides for long-range propagation
Creators: name: Babicheva, Viktoriia E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study optical waveguides that include layers of materials and metamaterials with hyperbolic dispersion (HMM). We consider long-range regime at the dielectric-HMM interface in different waveguide geometries (single interface or symmetric cladding with different layers). In contrast to the traditional analysis of geometrical parameters, we make emphasis on optical properties of constituent materials, and by solving dispersion equations, analyze how dielectric and HMM permittivities affect propagation length and mode size. We derive a figure of merits that should be used for each waveguide in a broad range of permittivity values as well as compare them with plasmonic waveguides. We show conventional plasmonic quality factor, which is the ratio of real to imaginary parts of permittivity, is not applicable to the case of waveguides with complex structure. Both telecommunication wavelengths and mid-infrared spectral ranges are of interest considering recent advances in van der Waals materials such as hexagonal boron nitride. Finally, we evaluate the performance of the waveguides with hexagonal boron nitride in the range where it possesses hyperbolic dispersion (6.2-7.3 um), and we identify the optimum wavelength for each type of the waveguide.
Appendix Tables and Figures from Assessing the potential for intraguild predation among taxonomically disparate micro-carnivores: marsupials and arthropods
Creators: name: Potter, Tamara I.
name: Greenville, Aaron C.
name: Dickman, Christopher R.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Interspecific competition may occur when resources are limited, and is often most intense between animals in the same ecological guild. Intraguild predation (IGP) is a distinctive form of interference competition, where a dominant predator selectively kills subordinate rivals to gain increased access to resources. However, before IGP can be identified, organisms must be confirmed as members of the same guild and occur together in space and time. The lesser hairy-footed dunnart (Sminthopsis youngsoni, Dasyuridae) is a generalist marsupial insectivore in arid Australia, but consumes wolf spiders (Lycosa spp., Lycosidae) disproportionately often relative to their availability. Here, we test the hypothesis that this disproportionate predation is a product of frequent encounter rates between the interactants due to high overlap in their diets and use of space and time. Diet and prey availability were determined using direct observations and invertebrate pitfall trapping, microhabitat use by tracking individuals of both species-groups, and temporal activity using spotlighting and camera traps. Major overlap (greater than 75% similarity) was found in diet and temporal activity, and weaker overlap in microhabitat use. Taken together, these findings suggest reasonable potential, for the first time, for competition and intraguild predation to occur between taxa as disparate as marsupials and spiders.
Non-collinear spin states in bottom-up fabricated atomic chains
Creators: name: Steinbrecher, Manuel
name: Rausch, Roman
name: That, Khai Ton
name: Hermenau, Jan
name: Khajetoorians, Alexander A.
name: Potthoff, Michael
name: Wiesendanger, Roland
name: Wiebe, Jens
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Non-collinear spin states with unique rotational sense, such as chiral spin-spirals, are recently heavily investigated because of advantages for future applications in spintronics and information technology and as potential hosts for Majorana Fermions when coupled to a superconductor. Tuning the properties of such spin states, e.g., the rotational period and sense, is a highly desirable yet difficult task. Here, we experimentally demonstrate the bottom-up assembly of a spin-spiral derived from a chain of Fe atoms on a Pt substrate using the magnetic tip of a scanning tunneling microscope as a tool. We show that the spin-spiral is induced by the interplay of the Heisenberg and Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya components of the Ruderman-Kittel-Kasuya-Yosida interaction between the Fe atoms. The relative strengths and signs of these two components can be adjusted by the interatomic Fe distance, which enables tailoring of the rotational period and sense of the spin-spiral.
description: 16 pages, 5 figures
Early Controversies over Athetosis: I. Clinical Features, Differentiation from other Movement Disorders, Associated Conditions, and Pathology
Creators: Lanska, Douglas J.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Background: Since the description of athetosis in 1871 by American neurologist William Alexander Hammond (1828-1900) the disorder has been a source of controversy, as were many aspects of Hammond's career. Methods: Primary sources have been used to review controversies in the 50-year period since the initial description of athetosis, in particular those concerning clinical features, differentiation from other movement disorders, associated conditions, and pathology. Controversies concerning treatment will be addressed in a subsequent article. Results: Hammond struggled to establish athetosis as a distinct clinical–pathological entity, and had successfully predicted the striatal pathology in his initial case (albeit somewhat serendipitously). Athetosis was, nevertheless, considered by many neurologists to be a form of post-hemiplegic chorea or part of a continuum between chorea and dystonia. European neurologists, and particularly the French, initially ignored or discounted the concept. Additional controversies arose over whether the movements persisted during sleep, whether athetosis was, or could be, associated with imbecility or insanity, and how it should be treated. Discussion: Some controversies concerning athetosis served to identify areas where knowledge was insufficient to make accurate statements, despite prior self-assured or even dogmatic statements to the contrary. Other controversies illustrated established prejudices, even if these biases were often only apparent with the greater detachment of hindsight.
A Novel Presentation of an Ocular Geste Antagoniste in Cervical Dystonia: A Case Report
Creators: Boyd, James T.
Fries, Timothy J.
Nagle, Keith J.
Hamill, Robert W.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: A geste antagoniste or sensory trick is a well described phenomenon associated with primary cervical dystonia. Craniocervical tactile stimulation or stereotyped limb movements allow patients to transiently ameliorate dystonic activation of cervical musculature. Case Report We report a patient with primary cervical dystonia who presented with a "novel ocular" geste antagoniste. Through a sensory trick of tonic left eye deviation, the patient transiently reduces cervical dystonic activity (improved range of motion and reduced dystonic tremor). Multi-channel surface electromyography and video are used to illustrate these findings. Discussion This case presents a unique clinical observation of specific voluntary eye movements attenuating cervical dystonia. The phenomenon is phenotypically consistent with previously described limb sensorimotor tricks.
Supplementary Material from Data-driven dynamical model indicates that the heat shock response in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii is tailored to handle natural temperature variation
Creators: name: Magni, Stefano
name: Succurro, Antonella
name: Skupin, Alexander
name: Ebenhöh, Oliver
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 60114 Systems Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Computational Biology
subject: 10202 Biological Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This supplement contains the detailed description of topics which where only summarized in the main text, and some additional applications of the model. In particular, it includes all the details of the mathematical model, including the equations, rate laws and parameter values which constitutes the model. Further, the calibration procedures by which we determined the values of the model's parameters are described in detail, from the Monte Carlo sampling of the parameter space, to the local optimization by gradient search. Additionally, an assessment of the impact of small changes in each parameter on the global fit between model's simulations and data is included. We subsequently characterize the response to double heat shocks, by including in particular additional simulations which underline the behaviour of each variable in the model. We further include additional applications of the model, e.g. to study acclimation to increased temperatures by reaching a new steady state, and we characterize those steady states. We finally include an assessment of the robustness of our main results w.r.t. changes in few key parameters of the model.
Progressive Supranuclear Palsy-like Syndrome After Aortic Aneurysm Repair: A Case Series
Creators: Nandipati, Sirisha
Janet, Rucker C.
Frucht, Steven J.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: The syndrome of progressive supranuclear palsy‐like syndrome is a rare complication of ascending aortic aneurysm repair. We report two patients with videos and present a table of prior reported cases. To our knowledge there is no previously published video of this syndrome. The suspected mechanism is brainstem injury though neuroimaging is often negative for an associated infarct. We hope our report will increase recognition of this syndrome after aortic surgery, especially in patients with visual complaints.
A von Neumann algebra characterization of property (T) for groupoids
Creators: name: Lupini, Martino
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20L05, 46L10 (Primary) 37A15 (Secondary)

description: For an arbitrary discrete probability-measure-preserving groupoid $G$, we provide a characterization of property (T) for $G$ in terms of the groupoid von Neumann algebra $L(G)$. More generally, we obtain a characterization of relative property (T) for a subgroupoid $H\subset G$ in terms of the inclusion $L\left( H\right) \subset L\left( G\right) $.
Additional file 1 of Human foreskin-derived dermal stem/progenitor cell-conditioned medium combined with hyaluronic acid promotes extracellular matrix regeneration in diabetic wounds
Creators: name: Xin, Yu
name: Xu, Peng
name: Wang, Xiangsheng
name: Chen, Yunsheng
name: Zhang, Zheng
name: Zhang, Yixin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1: Fig. S1. Identification of the characteristics of hADSCs. A trilineage-induced differentiation experiment to confirm multiple differentiation potential. The cells at passage 2 were used in all experiments. The osteogenesis potential was examined using alizarin red staining, bar = 100 μm (a). Adipogenesis was analysed using oil red O staining, bar = 50 μm (b). Chondrogenesis was assessed using alcian blue staining, bar = 200 μm (c). Immunophenotyping of hADSCs was characterised using flow cytometry analysis (d). hADSCs were analysed for expression of the following markers: CD19 (1.17% ± 0.69%), CD34 (0.83% ± 0.35%), CD11b (1.50% ± 0.86%), CD45 (0.99% ± 0.54%), HLA-DR (1.20% ± 0.45%), CD73 (97.97% ± 1.19%), CD90 (97.03% ± 1.45%), and CD105 (97.04% ± 1.12%). Data are shown as means ± SD, n = 4. Fig. S2. Tube formation assay of HUVECs in vivo. (a) HUVECs treated with hADSC-CM or hFDSPC-CM (20 μg/mL) were evaluated after 6 h, and the PBS treatment was used in the control group, bar = 25 μm. (b) Assessment of number of branches in each group. (c) Quantification of mean tube length. Data are shown as means ± SD; n = 4 **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001. Fig. S3. The test of hydrogel adhesion. The hydrogel sticked to the walls of the bottle without sliding down.
Hyperscaling for oriented percolation in 1+1 space-time dimensions
Creators: name: Sakai, Akira
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 60K35, 82B27, 82B43, 82C27

description: Consider nearest-neighbor oriented percolation in $d+1$ space-time dimensions. Let $ρ,η,ν$ be the critical exponents for the survival probability up to time $t$, the expected number of vertices at time $t$ connected from the space-time origin, and the gyration radius of those vertices, respectively. We prove that the hyperscaling inequality $dν\geη+2ρ$, which holds for all $d\ge1$ and is a strict inequality above the upper-critical dimension 4, becomes an equality for $d=1$, i.e., $ν=η+2ρ$, provided existence of at least two among $ρ,η,ν$. The key to the proof is the recent result on the critical box-crossing property by Duminil-Copin, Tassion and Teixeira (2017).
description: 9 pages
Hairdresser’s Dystonia: An Unusual Occupational Dystonia
Creators: Giorelli, Maurizio
Zimatore, Giovanni Bosco
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Adult-onset focal dystonias (AOFDs) are non-task-specific or task-specific and may spread to other body segments of affected patients. Case report We report the case of a barber with non-task-specific craniocervical dystonia and a new occupational focal hand dystonia (while using scissors). Discussion Different AOFDs may develop and coexist in the same "vulnerable" patient. Hairdresser’s dystonia is a rare task-specific dystonia.
Nonlinear magneto-optic effects in doped graphene and gapped graphene: a perturbative treatment
Creators: name: Cheng, J. L.
name: Guo, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nonlinear magneto-optic responses are investigated for gapped graphene and doped graphene in a perpendicular magnetic field. The electronic states are described by Landau levels, and the electron dynamics in an optical field is obtained by solving the density matrix in the equation of motion. In the linear dispersion approximation around the Dirac points, both linear conductivity and third order nonlinear conductivities are numerically evaluated for infrared frequencies. The nonlinear phenomena, including third harmonic generation, Kerr effects and two photon absorption, and four wave mixing, are studied. All optical conductivities show strong dependence on the magnetic field. At weak magnetic fields, our results for doped graphene agree with those in the literature. We also present the spectra of the conductivities of gapped graphene. At strong magnetic fields, the third order conductivities show peaks with varying the magnetic field and the photon energy. These peaks are induced by the resonant transitions between different Landau levels. The resonant channels, the positions, and the divergences of peaks are analyzed. The conductivities can be greatly modified, up to orders of magnitude. The dependence of the conductivities on the gap parameter and the chemical potential is studied.
description: 18 pages, 8 figures
The ${\cal O}(g^6)$ coefficient in the thermodynamic potential of hot SU(N) Gauge Theories and MQCD
Creators: name: Karsch, F.
name: Lütgemeier, M.
name: Patkós, A.
name: Rank, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The non-perturbative input necessary for the determination of the ${\cal O}(g^6)$ part of the weak coupling expansion of the free energy density for SU(2) and SU(3) gauge theories is estimated. Although the perturbative information completing the contribution to this order is missing, we give arguments that the magnetic fluctuations are dominated by screened elementary magnetic gluons.
description: 15 pages, LaTeX2e File, 2 Encapsulated Postscript figures
Novel ion-imprinted adsorbent for lead removal from aqueous solutions, selectivity and adsorption capacity improvement, and evaluation of adsorption isotherms and kinetic
Creators: name: Adibmehr, Zahra
name: Faghihian, Hossein
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Novel ion-imprinted adsorbent on the basis of Fe3O4@SBA-15 was prepared and functionalized by diphenylcarbazide. Lead adsorption capacity of 124 mg g−1 and good selectivity in the presence of Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Ni2+, Zn2+, Co2+, Fe2+, Mn2+, Cd2+, Cu2+ and Hg2+ were obtained. Adsorption was fast and equilibration established within 5 min. Magnetization measurement indicated that the adsorbent was readily separated by use of an external magnetic field. Upon regeneration, the used adsorbent retained most of its initial capacity. Various isotherm models were studied, and Sum of Squares of Errors (SSE) and Average Relative Error were calculated. The data were best fitted to the Redlich–Peterson isotherm.
Additional file 1 of Inflammatory cytokines-stimulated human muscle stem cells ameliorate ulcerative colitis via the IDO-TSG6 axis
Creators: name: Zhang, Shengchao
name: Fang, Jiankai
name: Liu, Zhanhong
name: Hou, Pengbo
name: Cao, Lijuan
name: Zhang, Yuyan
name: Liu, Rui
name: Li, Yanan
name: Shang, Qianwen
name: Chen, Yongjing
name: Feng, Chao
name: Wang, Guan
name: Melino, Gerry
name: Wang, Ying
name: Shao, Changshun
name: Shi, Yufang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Phenotypic characterization of hMuSCs. a, b hMuSCs surface makers and nuclear factor PAX7 were characterized by flow cytometry analysis. c Representative images of the differentiation potentials of cultured hMuSCs. Red indicated myosin heavy chain (MyHC) staining. Hoechst indicated nuclei staining. Merge indicated merged images of MyHC and Hoechst staining. Scale bar, 50 μm. Figure S2. Inflammation-licensed hMuSCs possess more potent therapeutic efficacy on IBD. a Mice with DSS-induced IBD were administered intravenously with PBS, hMuSCs or hMuSCs pretreated with IFN-γ (10 ng/ml) and TNF-α (10 ng/ml) for 48 h (2.5 × 105 cells) on day 2. Changes in body weight during the entire experiment were shown as the percentage of the initial body weight on day 0. b Colon length of IBD mice was assessed. c H&E staining of the colon sections and histological scores were shown. d IL-6 in the serum of IBD mice was analyzed by ELISA. Five mice per group were used. Scale bars, 100 μm. Results were shown as mean ± SEM. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, ****P < 0.0001. Figure S3. The efficiency of IDO knockdown in hMuSCs. a, b Ctrl-hMuSCs and IDO-KD-hMuSCs were treated with IFN-γ (10 ng/ml) and TNF-α (10 ng/ml) for 24 h. The efficiency of IDO knockdown was measured by real-time PCR and Western blot. Results were shown as mean ± SEM. *P < 0.05, ***P < 0.001. Figure S4. The efficiency of TSG-6 knockdown in hMuSCs. a, b hMuSCs transfected with control siRNA (ctrl-siRNA-hMuSCs) or TSG-6 siRNA (TSG-6-siRNA-hMuSCs) were pretreated with IFN-γ (10 ng/ml) and TNF-α (10 ng/ml) for 24 h and 48 h to examine the expression of TSG-6 mRNA (left) and protein (right). **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001. Table S1. The primers used for real-time PCR.
Key Issues in Essential Tremor Genetics Research: Where Are We Now and How Can We Move Forward?
Creators: Testa, Claudia M.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Background: Genetics research is an avenue towards understanding essential tremor (ET). Advances have been made in genetic linkage and association: there are three reported ET susceptibility loci, and mixed but growing data on risk associations. However, causal mutations have not been forthcoming. This disappointing lack of progress has opened productive discussions on challenges in ET and specifically ET genetics research, including fundamental assumptions in the field. Methods: This article reviews the ET genetics literature, results to date, the open questions in ET genetics and the current challenges in addressing them. Results: Several inherent ET features complicate genetic linkage and association studies: high potential phenocopy rates, inaccurate tremor self-reporting, and ET misdiagnoses are examples. Increasing use of direct examination data for subjects, family members, and controls is one current response. Smaller moves towards expanding ET phenotype research concepts into non-tremor features, clinically disputed ET subsets, and testing phenotype features instead of clinical diagnosis against genetic data are gradually occurring. The field has already moved to considering complex trait mechanisms requiring detection of combinations of rare genetic variants. Hypotheses may move further to consider novel mechanisms of inheritance, such as epigenetics. Discussion: It is an exciting time in ET genetics as investigators start moving past assumptions underlying both phenotype and genetics experimental contributions, overcoming challenges to collaboration, and engaging the ET community. Multicenter collaborative efforts comprising rich longitudinal prospective phenotype data and neuropathologic analysis combined with the latest in genetics experimental design and technology will be the next wave in the field.
New 50-m-class single-dish telescope: Large Submillimeter Telescope (LST)
Creators: name: Kawabe, Ryohei
name: Kohno, Kotaro
name: Tamura, Yoichi
name: Takekoshi, Tatsuya
name: Oshima, Tai
name: Ishii, Shun
name: group, LST working
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on a plan to construct a 50-m-class single-dish telescope, the Large Submillimeter Telescope (LST). The conceptual design and key science behind the LST are presented, together with its tentative specifications. This telescope is optimized for wide-area imaging and spectroscopic surveys in the 70--420 GHz frequency range, which spans the main atmospheric windows at millimeter and submillimeter wavelengths for good observation sites such as the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) site in Chile. We also target observations at higher frequencies of up to 1 THz, using an inner high-precision surface. Active surface control is required in order to correct gravitational and thermal deformations of the surface, and will be useful for correction of the wind-load deformation. The LST will facilitate new discovery spaces such as wide-field imaging with both continuum and spectral lines, along with new developments for time-domain science. Through exploitation of its synergy with ALMA and other telescopes, the LST will contribute to research on a wide range of topics in the fields of astronomy and astrophysics, e.g., astrochemistry, star formation in our Galaxy and galaxies, the evolution of galaxy clusters via the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect, the search for transients such as $γ$-ray burst reverse shocks produced during the epoch of re-ionization, electromagnetic follow up of detected gravitational wave sources, and examination of general relativity in the vicinity of super massive black holes via submillimeter very-long-baseline interferometry.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures, 3 tables, SPIE Astronomical Telescopes and Instrumentation, Edinburgh (26 June - 1 July, 2016). A pdf with higher resolution figures is available at https://www.lstobservatory.org/documents/
Additional file 1 of Association of modifiable risk factors with progression to dementia in relation to amyloid and tau pathology
Creators: name: Huszár, Zsolt
name: Solomon, Alina
name: Engh, Marie Anne
name: Koszovácz, Vanda
name: Terebessy, Tamás
name: Molnár, Zsolt
name: Hegyi, Péter
name: Horváth, András
name: Mangialasche, Francesca
name: Kivipelto, Miia
name: Csukly, Gábor
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mental Health

description: Supplementary Material 1.