cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Graph Generalization for Software Engineering
Creators: name: Kianifar, Mohammad Reza
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Graph Generalization
subject: Software Engineering
subject: Education--Sciences

description: Graph generalization is a powerful concept with a wide range of potential applications, not only within software engineering but also across various domains. While established algorithms exist for generalizing simple graphs, such as trees, the development of practical methods for applying generalization techniques to more complex graphs remains a critical challenge. In this thesis, we introduce a novel formal model and algorithm, referred to as GGA (Graph Generalization Algorithm), dedicated to generalizing labelled directed graphs. We evaluate GGA by focusing on key aspects including its information preservation relative to its input graphs, its scalability in execution, and for three applications each utilizing differing kinds of graph: (1) abstract syntax trees (ASTs); (2) class graphs; and (3) call graphs. In the first case, GGA is compared against ASGard and Diff-Sitter, two existing approaches for tree-based generalization; in the latter two cases, GGA is compared against Diff and CodeMetrics. Our findings reveal GGA's superiority over the alternatives. In the AST application, GGA outperforms ASGard by an average of 5-18% on metrics related to information preservation. GGA's results for the AST differencing context also matched 100% with Diff-Sitter by applying symmetrical filtering to skip strictness configuration. In the context of class graphs, GGA achieves 77.1% in precision@5, while in the case of call graphs, it exhibits 60% in precision@5. We also performed an extensive performance test for the first two applications, and the result shows that GGA's execution time scales linearly with respect to the product of vertex count and edge count. Our research not only introduces a novel algorithm for graph generalization but also demonstrates its ability to preserve information in diverse applications while performing efficiently. These results signify the potential of GGA to advance the field of graph generalization and its practical applicability across various domains, specifically in software engineering.
title: Heuchera; Heucherella :
title: Principes directeurs pour la conduite de l’examen de la distinction, de l’homogénéité et de la stabilité.
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: International Union For The Protection Of New Varieties Of Plants,
Publisher: name: International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants,
Year: 0
Subjects: Plants
New Varieties of Plants
Heuchera

description: Ces principes directeurs (“principes directeurs d’examen”) visent à approfondir les principes énoncés dans l’introduction générale (document TG/1/3) et dans les documents TGP qui s’y rapportent afin de donner des indications concrètes détaillées pour l’harmonisation de l’examen de la distinction, de l’homogénéité et de la stabilité (DHS) et, en particulier, à identifier des caractères convenant à l’examen DHS et à la production de descriptions variétales harmonisées.
A Hydrodynamic and Transport Model for Ultrarelativistic Heavy Ion Collisions at RHIC and LHC Energies
Creators: name: Yan, Yu-Liang
name: Cheng, Yun
name: Zhou, Dai-Mei
name: Dong, Bao-Guo
name: Cai, Xu
name: Sa, Ben-Hao
name: Csernai, Laszlo P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Combining the hydrodynamic model (Hydro code) and the transport model (PACIAE model), we present the Hydro-PACIAE hybrid model. We use the Hydro-PACIAE hybrid model to calculate Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$=130 GeV and Pb+Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$=2.76 TeV. The obtained pseudo-rapidity and transverse momentum distributions well reproduce the experimental data. This shows that the Hydro-PACIAE hybrid model is useful to describe the ultrarelativistic Heavy Ion Collisions at RHIC and LHC Energies. We used the hybrid model to calculate the elliptical flow for the Pb+Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$=2.76 TeV. The $v_2$ values are bigger than the experimental data at high $p_T$, and will become bigger when the Hydro evolution time is longer. The results indicate that the selection of the transition hypersurface has significant effect on the observable quantities.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures
Investigating the local-scale influence of sea ice on Greenland surface melt
Creators: name: Stroeve, Julienne
name: Mioduszewski, J. R.
name: Rennermalm, A. K.
name: Boisvert, Linette N.
name: Tedesco, Marco
name: Robinson, David
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Cryosphere
Ice sheets
Sea ice

description: Rapid decline in Arctic sea ice cover in the 21st century may have wide-reaching effects on the Arctic climate system, including the Greenland ice sheet mass balance. Here, we investigate whether local changes in sea ice around the Greenland ice sheet have had an impact on Greenland surface melt. Specifically, we investigate the relationship between sea ice concentration, the timing of melt onset and open-water fraction surrounding Greenland with ice sheet surface melt using a combination of remote sensing observations, and outputs from a reanalysis model and a regional climate model for the period of 1979–2015. Statistical analysis points to covariability between Greenland ice sheet surface melt and sea ice within Baffin Bay and Davis Strait. While some of this covariance can be explained by simultaneous influence of atmospheric circulation anomalies on both the sea ice cover and Greenland melt, within Baffin Bay we find a modest correlation between detrended melt onset over sea ice and the adjacent ice sheet melt onset. This correlation appears to be related to increased transfer of sensible and latent heat fluxes from the ocean to the atmosphere in early sea ice melt years, increasing temperatures and humidity over the ice sheet that in turn initiate ice sheet melt.
Additional file 3 of Development and testing of relative risk-based health messages for electronic cigarette products
Creators: name: Kimber, Catherine
name: Cox, Sharon
name: Frings, Daniel
name: Albery, Ian P.
name: Dawkins, Lynne
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 3: Fig. S3. Mean (SE) ratings for convincingness for dual users, smokers, non-smokers and the overall sample.
Fabrication of a Miniature Paper-Based Electroosmotic Actuator
Creators: name: Sritharan, Deepa
name: Smela, Elisabeth
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2016
Subjects: electrokinetic flow
compliant
additive manufacturing
biomimetic
artificial muscle
nastic
smart material
electro-active polymer device

description: A voltage-controlled hydraulic actuator is presented that employs electroosmotic fluid flow (EOF) in paper microchannels within an elastomeric structure. The microfluidic device was fabricated using a new benchtop lamination process. Flexible embedded electrodes were formed from a conductive carbon-silicone composite. The pores in the layer of paper placed between the electrodes served as the microchannels for EOF, and the pumping fluid was propylene carbonate. A sealed fluid-filled chamber was formed by film-casting silicone to lay an actuating membrane over the pumping liquid. Hydraulic force generated by EOF caused the membrane to bulge by hundreds of micrometers within fractions of a second. Potential applications of these actuators include soft robots and biomedical devices.
Monstro, Monstrare – Reclaiming the “Monstrous” Female Body
Creators: name: Kustec, Yvonne
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medusa
subject: Monstrous woman
subject: Monstrous women
subject: Nerikomi
subject: Figurative Sculpture
subject: Fine Arts

description: I am fascinated by Medusa, first because her roots are ancient, yet her story maintains currency in contemporary circles as the expanse of her legacy draws in new audiences that find intrigue in both her origin stories and visual presentation in Greek, Roman and renaissance art. Medusa has been both monster and human, and it is the human version of her story that I find most captivating. I am interested in reclaiming the female monster from both its past and its present. The idea that women had (and still have) been thought of as being the same as monsters, naturally in their human form after having been (metaphorically) stripped of all physical characteristics that work to separate human beings from monsters.
Impact of MODIS sensor calibration updates on Greenland Ice Sheet surface reflectance and albedo trends
Creators: name: Casey, Kimberly A.
name: Polashenski, Chris M.
name: Chen, Justin
name: Tedesco, Marco
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Cryosphere
Ice sheets
Albedo
MODIS (Spectroradiometer)

description: We evaluate Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS) surface reflectance and albedo trends using the newly released Collection 6 (C6) MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) products over the period 2001–2016. We find that the correction of MODIS sensor degradation provided in the new C6 data products reduces the magnitude of the surface reflectance and albedo decline trends obtained from previous MODIS data (i.e., Collection 5, C5). Collection 5 and 6 data product analysis over GrIS is characterized by surface (i.e., wet vs. dry) and elevation (i.e., 500–2000 m, 2000 m and greater) conditions over the summer season from 1 June to 31 August. Notably, the visible-wavelength declining reflectance trends identified in several bands of MODIS C5 data from previous studies are only slightly detected at reduced magnitude in the C6 versions over the dry snow area. Declining albedo in the wet snow and ice area remains over the MODIS record in the C6 product, albeit at a lower magnitude than obtained using C5 data. Further analyses of C6 spectral reflectance trends show both reflectance increases and decreases in select bands and regions, suggesting that several competing processes are contributing to Greenland Ice Sheet albedo change. Investigators using MODIS data for other ocean, atmosphere and/or land analyses are urged to consider similar re-examinations of trends previously established using C5 data.
On the Topology of the Cambrian Semilattices
Creators: name: Kallipoliti, Myrto
name: Mühle, Henri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20F55 (Primary) 06A07, 05E15 (Secondary)

description: For an arbitrary Coxeter group $W$, David Speyer and Nathan Reading defined Cambrian semilattices $C_γ$ as semilattice quotients of the weak order on $W$ induced by certain semilattice homomorphisms. In this article, we define an edge-labeling using the realization of Cambrian semilattices in terms of $γ$-sortable elements, and show that this is an EL-labeling for every closed interval of $C_γ$. In addition, we use our labeling to show that every finite open interval in a Cambrian semilattice is either contractible or spherical, and we characterize the spherical intervals, generalizing a result by Nathan Reading.
description: 20 pages, 5 figures
Greenland Ice Sheet seasonal and spatial mass variability from model simulations and GRACE (2003–2012)
Creators: name: Alexander, Patrick M.
name: Tedesco, Marco
name: Schlegel, Nicole-Jeanne
name: Luthcke, Scott B.
name: Fettweis, X.
name: Larour, Eric
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Ice sheets
Ice sheets--Measurement
GRACE (Artificial satellites)
Glaciology
Cryosphere

description: Improving the ability of regional climate models (RCMs) and ice sheet models (ISMs) to simulate spatiotemporal variations in the mass of the Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS) is crucial for prediction of future sea level rise. While several studies have examined recent trends in GrIS mass loss, studies focusing on mass variations at sub-annual and sub-basin-wide scales are still lacking. At these scales, processes responsible for mass change are less well understood and modeled, and could potentially play an important role in future GrIS mass change. Here, we examine spatiotemporal variations in mass over the GrIS derived from the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) satellites for the January 2003–December 2012 period using a "mascon" approach, with a nominal spatial resolution of 100 km, and a temporal resolution of 10 days. We compare GRACE-estimated mass variations against those simulated by the Modèle Atmosphérique Régionale (MAR) RCM and the Ice Sheet System Model (ISSM). In order to properly compare spatial and temporal variations in GrIS mass from GRACE with model outputs, we find it necessary to spatially and temporally filter model results to reproduce leakage of mass inherent in the GRACE solution. Both modeled and satellite-derived results point to a decline (of −178.9 ± 4.4 and −239.4 ± 7.7 Gt yr−1 respectively) in GrIS mass over the period examined, but the models appear to underestimate the rate of mass loss, especially in areas below 2000 m in elevation, where the majority of recent GrIS mass loss is occurring. On an ice-sheet-wide scale, the timing of the modeled seasonal cycle of cumulative mass (driven by summer mass loss) agrees with the GRACE-derived seasonal cycle, within limits of uncertainty from the GRACE solution. However, on sub-ice-sheet-wide scales, some areas exhibit significant differences in the timing of peaks in the annual cycle of mass change. At these scales, model biases, or processes not accounted for by models related to ice dynamics or hydrology, may lead to the observed differences. This highlights the need for further evaluation of modeled processes at regional and seasonal scales, and further study of ice sheet processes not accounted for, such as the role of subglacial hydrology in variations in glacial flow.
An Integrated Deep Learning Model with Genetic Algorithm (GA) for Optimal Syngas Production Using Dry Reforming of Methane (DRM)
Creators: name: Zarabian, Maryam
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Deep Learning
subject: Genetic Algorithm
subject: Multi-Objective Optimization
subject: Pre-training approach
subject: Dry reforming of methane
subject: Information Science

description: The dry reforming of methane is a chemical process transforming two primary sources of greenhouse gases, i.e., carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4), into syngas, a versatile precursor in the industry, which has gained significant attention over the past decades. Nonetheless, commercial development of this eco-friendly process faces barriers such as catalyst deactivation and high energy demand. Artificial intelligence (AI), specifically deep learning, accelerates the development of this process by providing advanced analytics. However, deep learning requires substantial training samples and collecting data on a bench scale encounters cost and physical constraints. This study fills this research gap by employing a pretraining approach, which is invaluable for small datasets. It introduces a software sensor for regression (SSR) powered by deep learning to estimate the quality parameters of the process. Moreover, combining the SSR with a genetic algorithm offers a prescriptive analysis, suggesting optimal thermodynamic parameters to improve the process efficiency.
Stable regimes for hard disks in a channel with twisting walls
Creators: name: Chernov, Nikolai
name: Korepanov, Alexey
name: Simanyi, Nandor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37D50

description: We study a gas of $N$ hard disks in a box with semi-periodic boundary conditions. The unperturbed gas is hyperbolic and ergodic (these facts are proved for N=2 and expected to be true for all $N\geq 2$). We study various perturbations by twisting the outgoing velocity at collisions with the walls. We show that the dynamics tends to collapse to various stable regimes, however we define the perturbations and however small they are.
description: 30 pages, final version to appear in "Chaos"
Co-designing the Assessment of Multimedia Resources to Assist Guardian Understanding of Surgical Consent Prior to Spinal Surgery in Pediatric Patients - a Quasi-Experimental Study
Creators: name: Rosa Filezio, Marina
Publisher: name: Cumming School of Medicine
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Surgery

description: Informed consent is mandatory prior to any surgical procedure in medical practice. Consent requires voluntary agreement, the capacity to consent, and proper prior information. Literature shows that traditional methods of informing patients and guardians may not provide enough understanding of all risk, benefits and expectations associated with scoliosis surgery in pediatric patients. Scoliosis is the most common spinal disorder in pediatric patients. Treatment depends on curvature size and skeletal maturity, and surgery is reserved for curvatures greater than 45 degrees. This study aims to assess the impact of introducing a co-developed multimedia tool to improve guardians’ understanding of the surgical discussion and informed consent prior to PSIF. The primary objective is to measure the effect of this intervention using the results from test and post-test. Secondary objective includes observing if this tool improves guardians’ perceived understanding. It is hypothesized that the multimedia tool will improve comprehension and perceived understanding when compared to traditional methods. Specific aims involved describing, quantifying, and comparing questionnaire results in three distinct educational times during the pre-operative process, as well as results from the patient engagement evaluation tool. A quasi-experimental, repeated measures, multi methods approach was applied to analyze the results of a multiple-choice questionnaire between two groups (Pathway A and Pathway B), about the pre-operative surgical discussion process and content. Quantitative and qualitative data were obtained from the public and patient engagement evaluation tool to assess the patient engagement strategy implemented for the co-development of the educational video tool. Seventeen participants were included in this study, eight assigned to Pathway A and nine to Pathway B. No significant difference was seen between results from Pathway A and Pathway B. However, the effect of knowledge acquisition over time was significant, indicating a substantial temporal progression on the outcome. The results demonstrate promising outcomes regarding knowledge acquisition over time when introducing a secondary information delivery method to the current consent process. Patient engagement evaluation tool findings display positive results reinforcing the efforts to ensure the CIHR guiding principles during the creation of the educational video.
Plasmons in single- and double-component helical liquids: Application to two-dimensional topological insulators
Creators: name: Roslyak, O.
name: Gumbs, Godfrey
name: Huang, D. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The plasmon excitations in proposed single- and double-component helical liquid (HL) models are investigated within the random-phase approximation, by calculating the density-density, spin-density and spin-spin waves. The effect due to broken time-reversal symmetry on intraband-plasmon dispersion relation in the single-component HL system is analyzed and compared to those of well-known cases, such as conventional quasi-one-dimensional electron gases and armchair graphene nanoribbons. The equivalence between the density-density wave in the single-component HL to the coupled spin-density and density-density waves in the double-component HL is shown here and explained, in addition to the difference between intraband and interband-plasmon excitations in these two systems. Since the two-component HL can physically be thought of as a Kramers pair in two-dimensional topological insulators, our proposed single-component HL model with broken time-reversal symmetry, which is an artificial construct, can be viewed as an "effective" model in this sense and its prediction may be verified in realistic systems in future experiments.
Additional file 2 of Development and testing of relative risk-based health messages for electronic cigarette products
Creators: name: Kimber, Catherine
name: Cox, Sharon
name: Frings, Daniel
name: Albery, Ian P.
name: Dawkins, Lynne
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2: Fig. S2. Mean (SE) ratings for believability for dual users, smokers, non-smokers and the overall sample.
Lab4Living leads on Special Issue in Evidence & Policy journal - The CCRI Impact Blog
Creators: name: Langley, Joe
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 330306
subject: Design practice and methods

description: An interdisciplinary global editorial team, convened by Lab4Living’s Dr Joe Langley, has launched a call for papers for a special issue of journal Evidence & Policy. The editors seek expressions of interest on papers exploring Creativity, Co-production and healthy societies in the context of evidence and policy. Evidence & Policy is an international peer reviewed journal of research, debate and practice.
Additional file 1 of Only two subscales of the Coping Strategies Questionnaire are culturally relevant for people with chronic low back pain in Nigerian Igbo populations: a cross-cultural adaptation and validation study
Creators: name: Igwesi-Chidobe, Chinonso Nwamaka
name: Sorinola, Isaac Olubunmi
name: Godfrey, Emma Louise
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Figs. S1–S7. Bland–Altman test–retest agreement.
Extrinsic Factors and RPE Regeneration
Creators: name: Selje, Sara J.
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: RPE
subject: Retinal Pigment Epithelium
subject: Regeneration
subject: Semaphorin
subject: Zebrafish
subject: Eye
subject: AMD
subject: Age-related Macular Degeneraton
subject: Ablation
subject: Injury
subject: in vivo
subject: Metronidazole
subject: in situ hybridization
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Ophthalmology

description: The retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is a monolayer of pigmented cells that closely interacts with photoreceptor outer segments of the outer vertebrate retina to maintain visual function. Damage to the RPE, for instance in a disease such as Age-Related Macular Degeneration, results in photoreceptor degeneration and subsequently, vision loss. In contrast to mammals, zebrafish can intrinsically regenerate a functional RPE layer after injury. Specific molecular pathways are known to regulate RPE proliferation in culture, but the pathways that function in vivo to promote RPE regeneration remain largely unknown. My aim is to determine potential pathways that influence RPE regeneration in zebrafish. First, I examine the importance of the secreted ligand Semaphorin 3F (SEMA3F), expressed in the RPE of both mammals and zebrafish, in RPE regeneration. I use a sema3fa homozygous mutant zebrafish on a transgenic RPE injury background (Tg(rpe65a:NTR-EGFP)) where timed application of the drug metronidazole (MTZ) to the bath results in nitroreductase-mediated RPE-specific cell death. My data suggest Sema3fa has no effect on the extent of RPE injury in this model, though RPE apoptosis may be delayed and increased in the absence of Sema3fa. Further, loss of Sema3fa may induce an initial increase in proliferation in the RPE as well as increased proliferation in the photoreceptor outer nuclear layer. Second, I provide an initial assessment of the involvement of additional pathways in zebrafish RPE regeneration. These pathways impact proliferation and/or migration of cells in culture and are expressed within the RPE. I use in situ hybridization to visualize larval RPE expression of 10 candidate genes before and after RPE injury. Genes that may show changes in expression post-injury include bmp7b, caska, foxm1, her4.1, msnb, rpe65a, trpm7, and vrk1. Future work could include using loss-of-function approaches in the RPE injury model to determine potential roles of these genes in RPE regeneration. In the long-term, this work may impact gene therapies for patients suffering from retinal degenerative diseases.
3D DNA Crystals and Nanotechnology
Creators: name: Paukstelis, Paul J.
name: Seeman, Nadrian C.
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2016
Subjects: DNA crystals
nanotechnology
crystal design

description: DNA’s molecular recognition properties have made it one of the most widely used biomacromolecular construction materials. The programmed assembly of DNA oligonucleotides has been used to create complex 2D and 3D self-assembled architectures and to guide the assembly of other molecules. The origins of DNA nanotechnology are rooted in the goal of assembling DNA molecules into designed periodic arrays, i.e., crystals. Here, we highlight several DNA crystal structures, the progress made in designing DNA crystals, and look at the current prospects and future directions of DNA crystals in nanotechnology.
Hyperbolic metamaterials: nonlocal response regularizes broadband super-singularity
Creators: name: Yan, Wei
name: Wubs, Martijn
name: Mortensen, N. Asger
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study metamaterials known as hyperbolic media that in the usual local-response approximation exhibit hyperbolic dispersion and an associated broadband singularity in the density of states. Instead, from the more microscopic hydrodynamic Drude theory we derive qualitatively different optical properties of these metamaterials, due to the free-electron nonlocal optical response of their metal constituents. We demonstrate that nonlocal response gives rise to a large-wavevector cutoff in the dispersion that is inversely proportional to the Fermi velocity of the electron gas, but also for small wavevectors we find differences for the hyperbolic dispersion. Moreover, the size of the unit cell influences effective parameters of the metamaterial even in the deep sub-wavelength regime. Finally, instead of the broadband super-singularity in the local density of states, we predict a large but finite maximal enhancement proportional to the inverse cube of the Fermi velocity.
description: 9 pages including 4 figures. Accepted for PRB
Optimization of Beyond 5G Network Slicing for Smart City Applications
Creators: name: Barai, Joyeeta Rani
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Beyond 5G
subject: Smart City
subject: Network Slicing
subject: Virtual Network Embedding
subject: Matroid Properties
subject: Optimization
subject: Engineering

description: Transitioning from the current fifth-generation (5G) wireless technology, the advent of beyond 5G (B5G) signifies a pivotal stride toward sixth generation (6G) communication technology. B5G, at its essence, harnesses end-to-end (E2E) network slicing (NS) technology, enabling the simultaneous accommodation of multiple logical networks with distinct performance requirements on a shared physical infrastructure. At the forefront of this implementation lies the critical process of network slice design, a phase central to the realization of efficient smart city networks. This thesis assumes a key role in the network slicing life cycle, emphasizing the analysis and formulation of optimal procedures for configuring, customizing, and allocating E2E network slices. The focus extends to catering to the unique demands of smart city applications, encompassing critical areas such as emergency response, smart buildings, and video surveillance. By addressing the intricacies of network slice design, the study navigates through the complexities of tailoring slices to meet specific application needs, thereby contributing to the seamless integration of diverse services within the smart city framework. Addressing the core challenge of NS, which involves the allocation of virtual networks on the physical topology with optimal resource allocation, the thesis introduces a dual integer linear programming (ILP) optimization problem. This problem is formulated to jointly minimize the embedding cost and latency. However, given the NP-hard nature of this ILP, finding an efficient alternative becomes a significant hurdle. In response, this thesis introduces a novel heuristic approach the matroid-based modified greedy breadth-first search (MGBFS) algorithm. This pioneering algorithm leverages matroid properties to navigate the process of virtual network embedding and resource allocation. By introducing this novel heuristic approach, the research aims to provide near-optimal solutions, overcoming the computational complexities associated with the dual integer linear programming problem. The proposed MGBFS algorithm not only addresses the connectivity, cost, and latency constraints but also outperforms the benchmark model delivering solutions remarkably close to optimal. This innovative approach represents a substantial advancement in the optimization of smart city applications, promising heightened connectivity, efficiency, and resource utilization within the evolving landscape of B5G-enabled communication technology.
A Linear Surface Epitope in a Proline-Rich Region of ORF3 Product of Genotype 1 Hepatitis E Virus
Creators: name: Yang, Yonglin
name: Lin, Shaoli
name: Nan, Yuchen
name: Ma, Zexu
name: Yang, Liping
name: Zhang, Yanjin
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2016
Subjects: Hepatitis E virus
HEV
ORF3
VP13
PXXP motif
linear epitope
monoclonal antibody

description: Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is one of the viral pathogens causing hepatitis in humans. HEV open reading frame 3 (ORF3) encodes a small multifunctional protein (VP13), which is essential for HEV infection. In this study, a linear epitope was identified in a polyproline (PXXP) motif from VP13 of genotype 1 HEV by using a monoclonal antibody. The epitope was detected in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), immunoblotting and immunofluorescence assays. Epitope mapping showed that the epitope locates in a proline-rich region containing a PXXP motif in amino acid residues 66-75 of VP13. The epitope was also detected in HEV-infected liver cells and reacted with genotype 1-specific antibodies in an HEV-positive human serum sample. The results demonstrated that the epitope in the PXXP motif of the genotype 1 VP13 is linear and surface-oriented, which should facilitate in-depth studies on the viral protein and HEV biology.
Role of receptor tyrosine kinase regulator Sprouty in ovarian cancer cells
Creators: name: So, Wai Kin
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: Aberrant epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) activity contributes to the development of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), a common and lethal female malignancy. Elucidating the regulation of EGFR function will improve treatments for EOC and the survival of patients. This study aims to elucidate the role of Sprouty (SPRY) proteins, which are EGFR regulators, in EOC. The investigation began with demonstrating the downregulation of mRNA levels of two SPRY members, SPRY2 and SPRY4, in EOC tissues and/or cell lines. Deletion of the SPRY2 gene was found to cause reduced SPRY2 mRNA. Loss of the SPRY2 gene and thus its expression are particularly common in high-grade serous tumors, suggesting that SPRY2 deficiency may be involved in the pathogenesis of this prevailing subtype of EOC. The regulatory mechanisms of SPRY level are incompletely understood. The EGFR ligand EGF strongly upregulates SPRY4 protein level primarily through the ERK pathway. In addition, the PI3K/AKT pathway and hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1α) have been shown to be involved in SPRY4 regulation, allowing the possibility that SPRY4 is regulated by micro-environmental (hypoxia) and genetic (PI3K mutation) abnormalities. Functionally, SPRY2 and SPRY4 counteract various aspects of EGFR activity and generally have tumor suppressor functions. First, in contrast to the EGFR, SPRY2 and SPRY4 prevent loss of cell adhesion by E-cadherin and therefore suppress cancer cell invasion. Second, SPRY4 inhibits PI3K/AKT signalling activated by EGF, as AKT activation is enhanced in the absence of SPRY4. Finally, the HIF-1α oncogene has been identified as a novel SPRY4 target. In ovarian cancer cell lines, SPRY4 suppresses the basal and EGF-stimulated expression of HIF-1α. The negative effects of SPRY4 on HIF-1α are also reflected by modulation of HIF-1 activity and target gene expression. SPRY4 has also been shown to destabilise HIF-1α protein, independent of the classic HIF-1α degradation pathway. The current study investigated the expression, regulation and function of SPRY in ovarian cancer. Understanding the tumor suppressor role of SPRY will not only enhance our knowledge about the pathophysiology of ovarian cancer but also identifies a possible therapeutic intervention against this lethal malignancy.
Equity, Diversity, Inclusion, Accessibility, Decolonization and Indigenization in Academic and Research Integrity: Policy, Procedure, and Praxis
Creators: name: Eaton, Sarah Elaine
name: Moya, Beatriz
name: Dahal, Bibek
name: Judge-Stasiak, Angela
name: Fleming, Colleen
Publisher: name: Werklund School of Education
Year: 2023
Subjects: academic integrity
equity
diversity
inclusion
accessbility
experiential learning
international students
academic dishonesty
academic misconduct
plagiarism

description: In this session we provide international perspectives on equity, diversity, inclusion, accessibility and decolonization of academic and research integrity. Academic integrity has long been viewed as a matter of student conduct, whereas research integrity has been focused on research and academic staff. In this session, we take a more holistic, multi-stakeholder transdisciplinary view in which students, educators, leaders, and staff all have a role to play in upholding integrity. There is evidence from elsewhere (e.g., Australia, UK, US) to suggest that there is over-representation in misconduct reporting in universities, with people from Asia and Africa being among the most over-represented groups. Currently, there are no data available in Canada to our knowledge, a knowledge deficit that we problematize and explore. Evidence from elsewhere suggests that individuals from particular equity deserving groups may be hypersurveilled (i.e., persons of colour, those who speak English as an Additional Language and those with disabilities). We challenge assumptions made about international students with regards to academic cheating that are not supported by empirical research. We trouble the ways in which students are treated as a homogeneous group, both in terms of academic development, as well as in misconduct case investigation and processing. Further, we explore possible connections between the neoliberal university system in Canada that prioritizes international students (and the extra tuition they pay) with inadequate resources to support their academic success. This lack of support regarding academic and research integrity may contribute to some students being unjustly (hyper)surveilled and reported for misconduct compared to domestic students, particularly those from culturally and linguistically dominant groups. Moreover, efforts to properly embrace complementary perspectives on academic integrity are sometimes absent or recently emerging in higher education institutions, which might complicate chances to involve the educational communities’ stakeholders in ways that lead to more dialogue and understanding to adequately address the needs of increasingly diverse communities in Canadian Post Secondary Education. This is a collaborative presentation showcasing the research of doctoral students and senior researcher whose scholarship focuses on ethics and equity in higher education.
Ground-state phase diagram of the quantum J1-J2 model on the honeycomb lattice
Creators: name: Mezzacapo, Fabio
name: Boninsegni, Massimo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the ground-state phase diagram of the quantum $J_1-J_2$ model on the honeycomb lattice by means of an entangled-plaquette variational ansatz. Values of energy and relevant order parameters are computed in the range $0\le {J_2}/{J_1} \le 1$. The system displays classical order for ${J_2}/{J_1}\lesssim 0.2$ (Néel), and for $J_2/J_1 \gtrsim 0.4$ (collinear). In the intermediate region, the ground-state is disordered. Our results show that the reduction of the half-filled Hubbard model to the model studied here does not yield accurate predictions.
description: 5 pages, 1 table, 5 figures
Additional file 4 of Development and testing of relative risk-based health messages for electronic cigarette products
Creators: name: Kimber, Catherine
name: Cox, Sharon
name: Frings, Daniel
name: Albery, Ian P.
name: Dawkins, Lynne
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 4: Table S1. Detailed list of countries.
Il valore sociale del patrimonio culturale dell'Umbria: il ruolo delle biblioteche digitali
Creators: name: Capaccioni, Andrea
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: information literacy, digital libraries, biblioteche digitali, biblioteca pubblica

description: Il progetto "Il valore sociale del patrimonio culturale dell'Umbria: il ruolo delle biblioteche digitali" si propone di incrementare le opportunità di partecipazione dei giovani e dei cittadini alla Rete attraverso l'attività di information literacy. In particolare il progetto pone al centro delle iniziative la biblioteca digititale come luogo di costruzione di una identità territoriale e personale.
Feasibility of improving a priori regional climate model estimates of Greenland ice sheet surface mass loss through assimilation of measured ice surface temperatures
Creators: name: Navari, M.
name: Margulis, S. A.
name: Bateni, S. M.
name: Tedesco, Marco
name: Alexander, P.
name: Fettweis, X.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Cryosphere
Climatology
Ice sheets
Ice sheets--Remote sensing

description: The Greenland ice sheet (GrIS) has been the focus of climate studies due to its considerable impact on sea level rise. Accurate estimates of surface mass fluxes would contribute to understanding the cause of its recent changes and would help to better estimate the past, current and future contribution of the GrIS to sea level rise. Though the estimates of the GrIS surface mass fluxes have improved significantly over the last decade, there is still considerable disparity between the results from different methodologies (e.g., Rae et al., 2012; Vernon et al., 2013). The data assimilation approach can merge information from different methodologies in a consistent way to improve the GrIS surface mass fluxes. In this study, an ensemble batch smoother data assimilation approach was developed to assess the feasibility of generating a reanalysis estimate of the GrIS surface mass fluxes via integrating remotely sensed ice surface temperature measurements with a regional climate model (a priori) estimate. The performance of the proposed methodology for generating an improved posterior estimate was investigated within an observing system simulation experiment (OSSE) framework using synthetically generated ice surface temperature measurements. The results showed that assimilation of ice surface temperature time series were able to overcome uncertainties in near-surface meteorological forcing variables that drive the GrIS surface processes. Our findings show that the proposed methodology is able to generate posterior reanalysis estimates of the surface mass fluxes that are in good agreement with the synthetic true estimates. The results also showed that the proposed data assimilation framework improves the root-mean-square error of the posterior estimates of runoff, sublimation/evaporation, surface condensation, and surface mass loss fluxes by 61, 64, 76, and 62 %, respectively, over the nominal a priori climate model estimates.
Environmental and Anthropogenic Degradation of Vegetation in the Sahel from 1982 to 2006
Creators: name: Rishmawi, Khaldoun
name: Prince, Stephen D.
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2016
Subjects: productivity
vegetation
land degradation
desertification
Sahel
remote sensing
residual trends
RESTREND
NDVI
rain-use efficiency
RUE

description: There is a great deal of debate on the extent, causes, and even the reality of land degradation in the Sahel. Investigations carried out before approximately 2000 using remote sensing data suggest widespread reductions in biological productivity, while studies extending beyond 2000 consistently reveal a net increase in vegetation production, strongly related to the recovery of rainfall following the extreme droughts of the 1970s and 1980s, and thus challenging the notion of widespread, long-term, subcontinental-scale degradation. Yet, the spatial variations in the rates of vegetation recovery are not fully explained by rainfall trends. It is hypothesized that, in addition to rainfall, other meteorological variables and human land use have contributed to vegetation dynamics. Throughout most of the Sahel, the interannual variability in growing season ΣNDVIgs (measured from satellites, used as a proxy of vegetation productivity) was strongly related to rainfall, humidity, and temperature (mean r2 = 0.67), but with rainfall alone was weaker (mean r2 = 0.41). The mean and upper 95th quantile (UQ) rates of change in ΣNDVIgs in response to climate were used to predict potential ΣNDVIgs—that is, the ΣNDVIgs expected in response to climate variability alone, excluding any anthropogenic effects. The differences between predicted and observed ΣNDVIgs were regressed against time to detect any long-term (positive or negative) trends in vegetation productivity. Over most of the Sahel, the trends did not significantly depart from what is expected from the trends in meteorological variables. However, substantial and spatially contiguous areas (~8% of the total area of the Sahel) were characterized by negative, and, in some areas, positive trends. To explore whether the negative trends were human-induced, they were compared with the available data of population density, land use, and land biophysical properties that are known to affect the susceptibility of land to degradation. The spatial variations in the trends of the residuals were partly related to soils and tree cover, but also to several anthropogenic pressures.
Estimating supraglacial lake depth in West Greenland using Landsat 8 and comparison with other multispectral methods
Creators: name: Pope, A.
name: Scambos, Ted A.
name: Moussavi, M.
name: Tedesco, Marco
name: Willis, M.
name: Shean, D.
name: Grigsby, S.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Glaciers
Landsat satellites--Remote sensing
Multispectral imaging

description: Liquid water stored on the surface of ice sheets and glaciers impacts surface mass balance, ice dynamics, and heat transport. Multispectral remote sensing can be used to detect supraglacial lakes and estimate their depth and area. In this study, we use in situ spectral and bathymetric data to assess lake depth retrieval using the recently launched Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager (OLI). We also extend our analysis to other multispectral sensors to evaluate their performance with similar methods. Digital elevation models derived from WorldView stereo imagery (pre-lake filling and post-drainage) are used to validate spectrally derived depths, combined with a lake edge determination from imagery. The optimal supraglacial lake depth retrieval is a physically based single-band model applied to two OLI bands independently (red and panchromatic) that are then averaged together. When OLI- and WorldView-derived depths are differenced, they yield a mean and standard deviation of 0.0 ± 1.6 m. This method is then applied to OLI data for the Sermeq Kujalleq (Jakobshavn Isbræ) region of Greenland to study the spatial and intra-seasonal variability of supraglacial lakes during summer 2014. We also give coefficients for estimating supraglacial lake depth using a similar method with other multispectral sensors.
Efficiency of a Brownian information machine
Creators: name: Bauer, Michael
name: Abreu, David
name: Seifert, Udo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A Brownian information machine extracts work from a heat bath through a feedback process that exploits the information acquired in a measurement. For the paradigmatic case of a particle trapped in a harmonic potential, we determine how power and efficiency for two variants of such a machine operating cyclically depend on the cycle time and the precision of the positional measurements. Controlling only the center of the trap leads to a machine that has zero efficiency at maximum power whereas additional optimal control of the stiffness of the trap leads to an efficiency bounded between 1/2, which holds for maximum power, and 1 reached even for finite cycle time in the limit of perfect measurements.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures
Thermalization of magnons in yttrium-iron garnet: nonequilibrium functional renormalization group approach
Creators: name: Hick, Johannes
name: Kloss, Thomas
name: Kopietz, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using a nonequilibrium functional renormalization group (FRG) approach we calculate the time evolution of the momentum distribution of a magnon gas in contact with a thermal phonon bath. As a cutoff for the FRG procedure we use a hybridization parameter Λ giving rise to an artificial damping of the phonons. Within our truncation of the FRG flow equations the time evolution of the magnon distribution is obtained from a rate equation involving cutoff-dependent nonequilibrium self-energies, which in turn satisfy FRG flow equations depending on cutoff-dependent transition rates. Our approach goes beyond the Born collision approximation and takes the feedback of the magnons on the phonons into account. We use our method to calculate the thermalization of a quasi two-dimensional magnon gas in the magnetic insulator yttrium-iron garnet after a highly excited initial state has been generated by an external microwave field. We obtain good agreement with recent experiments.
description: 16 pages, 6 figures, final version