Cultural Resources Reconnaissance in Secondary Impact Areas Along Salado Creek at Brook Army Medical Center, Fort Sam Houston and Camp Bullis, Bexar County, Texas
Creators: name: J. Michael Quigg
Publisher: name: Prewitt & Associates, Inc.
Year: 1988
Subjects: subject: Salado Creek
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/6847/salado-creek
subject: JBSA-Sam Houston
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/82532/jbsa-sam-houston
subject: 48029 (Fips Code)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/4148/48029-fips-code
subject: Bexar (County)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/4150/bexar-county
subject: Camp Bullis
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/82533/camp-bullis
subject: Texas (State / Territory)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/348/texas-state-territory
subject: Brooke Army Medical Center
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/82539/brooke-army-medical-center
subject: PaleoIndian
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/culture-keyword/4/paleoindian
subject: Archaic
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/culture-keyword/8/archaic
subject: Prehistoric
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/culture-keyword/120/prehistoric
subject: Historic
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/culture-keyword/25/historic
subject: Middle Archaic
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/culture-keyword/10/middle-archaic
subject: 41BX319
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/89278/41bx319
subject: 41BX318
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/89277/41bx318
subject: 41BX321
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/89280/41bx321
subject: 41BX320
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/89279/41bx320
subject: 41BX36
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/80962/41bx36
subject: 41BX323
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/89282/41bx323
subject: 41BX322
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/89281/41bx322
subject: 41BX325
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/89284/41bx325
subject: 41BX324
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/89283/41bx324
subject: 41BX420
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/81017/41bx420
subject: Domestic Structures
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/256/domestic-structures
subject: House
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/259/house
subject: Archaeological Feature
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/339/archaeological-feature
subject: Artifact Scatter
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/340/artifact-scatter
subject: Domestic Structure or Architectural Complex
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/251/domestic-structure-or-architectural-complex
subject: Midden
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/347/midden
subject: Burned Rock Midden
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/348/burned-rock-midden
subject: Shell
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/14/shell
subject: Ceramic
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/1/ceramic
subject: Chipped Stone
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/2/chipped-stone
subject: Fauna
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/4/fauna
subject: Glass
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/6/glass
subject: Ground Stone
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/7/ground-stone
subject: Building Materials
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/8/building-materials
subject: Metal
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/11/metal
subject: Ring Midden
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/other-keyword/135357/ring-midden
subject: Historic Background Research
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/investigation-type/18/historic-background-research
subject: Reconnaissance / Survey
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/investigation-type/7/reconnaissance-survey
subject: Heritage Management
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/investigation-type/24/heritage-management
subject: Site Evaluation / Testing
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/investigation-type/10/site-evaluation-testing

description: In the Spring of 1988, historical, geoarcheological, and archeological investigations were conducted in selected areas within Fort Sam Houston and Camp Bullis, Bexar County, Texas. These investigations were designed to identify localities that contain deep, intact deposits with the potential to contain prehistoric cultural resources. The purpose was to determine the feasibility of conducting a buried site reconnaissance using a backhoe. The data gathered for Fort Sam Houston during the historical and geoarcheological document review was field verified. The results indicate that thick, fine-grained deposits containing Holocene alluvium are rare. Thinner (less than 60 em) deposits that potentially contain cultural materials are present, but buried sites will be difficult to detect due to the sparse density of materials expected in prehistoric sites in the immediate vicinity. The Camp Bullis investigations included a brief archeological survey along Salado Creek. Nine prehistoric sites, one of which was previously recorded, were documented, and a prehistoric component was identified at a previously documented historic site. Over 100 shovel probes excavated to obtain data on the depth and nature of the buried sediments within the valley revealed limited localities where culturally relevant soils exist below 30 cm. Eight of the 10 sites contain very low material densities; this restricts their potential for detection through backhoe trenching. At both installations, most culturally relevant soils adjacent to Salado Creek are shallow, and the debris density is low in identified sites. Further, there is limited potential for prehistoric sites to be buried in these dense clays. It is concluded that a backhoe reconnaissance would be unproductive and therefore is not feasible as a means of site identification.