cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Electron ground state $g$ factor in embedded InGaAs quantum dots: An atomistic study
Creators: name: Kahraman, Mustafa
name: Bulutay, Ceyhun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present atomistic computations within an empirical pseudopotential framework for the electron $s$-shell ground state $g$ tensor of InGaAs quantum dots (QDs) embedded to host matrices that grant electronic confinement. A large structural set consisting of geometry, size, and molar fraction variations is worked out which also includes a few representative uniform strain cases. The tensor components are observed to display insignificant discrepancies even for the highly anisotropic shapes. The family of $g$-factor curves associated with these parameter combinations coalesces to a single universal one when plotted as a function of the gap energy, thus confirming a recent assertion reached under much restrictive conditions. Our work extends its validity to alloy QDs with various shapes and finite confinement that allows for penetration to the host matrix, placing it on a more realistic basis. Accordingly, the electrons in InGaAs QDs having $s$-shell transition energies close to 1.13 eV will be least susceptible to magnetic field. We also show that low indium concentration offer limited $g$-factor tunability under shape or confinement variations. These findings can be taken into consideration in the fabrication and the use of InGaAs QDs with $g$-near-zero or other targeted $g$ values for spintronic or electron spin resonance-based direct quantum logic applications.
description: Published version in contents; 10 pages, 5 figures
Mohaupt, Lutz (hrsg.): Modelle gelebten Glaubens
Creators: name: Boeckler, Richard
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 26 Nr. 2 (1977): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 26, Heft 2
2002 MICHIGAN CASH GRAIN FARM BUSINESS ANALYSIS SUMMARY
Creators: name: Wittenberg, Eric
name: Schwab, Gerald
name: Wittenberg, Eric
name: Schwab, Gerald
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: This report summarizes the 2002 financial and production records of 78 Michigan cash grain farms. To be included, the farms must have produced at least 50 percent of gross cash farm income from one or a combination of these items; corn, soybeans, wheat, all varieties of navy beans, oats, and other small grains. The records came from Michigan State University's TelFarm/MicroTel project, the Farm Credit Service system, or by AgriSolutions in Michigan. The values were pooled into averages for reporting purposes. Farm records were included if a farm financial analysis was completed on 2002 data including beginning and ending balance sheets, plus income and expenses. The data were checked to verify that cash discrepancy was less than 10% of gross cash inflow and that debt discrepancy was less than $1,000. While considerable variation in the data exists, average values are reported in the summary tables below.
Comparison of limit states design with working stress design for shallow foundations
Creators: name: Lysay, Georgia J.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Bridge foundations have traditionally been designed using working stress methods, but the new Canadian Highway Bridge Design Code (draft CHBDC) now specifies a limit states design procedure for these structures. The main objective of this study was to compare working stress design (WSD) with limit states design (LSD) methods particular to bridge abutments. The two design methods have been investigated and compared to a numerical model (developed using the program FLAC). The results of these analyses were compared for reliability and safety. LSD was applied to an existing bridge abutment (the No. 5 Road Bridge in Richmond, British Columbia) which was initially designed using WSD. The two different designs were compared on the basis of factors of safety with the outcome indicating that the structure having been designed using WSD may be too reliable and overly safe. A FLAC model of the No. 5 Road overpass abutment was developed and incrementally loaded to failure in order to determine the capacity distribution of the structure. The resulting normal distribution of capacity was used in a reliability analysis with two different models for loading. This analysis yielded a relationship between mean live load and reliability index for this particular structure. The results indicated that the reliability index at the design live load was higher than the value of 3.5 that was used to calibrate the CHBDC LSD partial factors. The expected displacement during the regional design earthquake was predicted using a FLAC model. The model was run a number of times with various earthquakes and combinations of soil properties. The results of the FLAC runs were combined with joint probabilities of occurrences of soil parameters (derived from a survey) to obtain the expected displacements. The results showed relatively small expected values of displacement which also indicated that the original abutment design may be overly safe in terms of the draft CHBDC. . A sensitivity analysis involving soil parameters was also considered. The soil properties were varied within the FLAC model to determine the resulting variation in displacements, and to ascertain which variables most affect the outcome of the analysis. Friction angle was found to be the critical soil property, as it had more of an effect on displacements than did (Ni)60 or unit weight.
XMM observes ClJ0152.7-1357: A massive galaxy cluster forming at merger crossroads at z=0.83
Creators: name: Maughan, B. J.
name: Ellis, S. C.
name: Jones, L. R.
name: Mason, K. O.
name: Cordova, F. A.
name: Priedhorsky, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an analysis of a 50ks XMM observation of the merging galaxy cluster ClJ0152.7-1357 at z=0.83. In addition to the two main subclusters and an infalling group detected in an earlier Chandra observation of the system, XMM detects another group of galaxies possibly associated with the cluster. This group may be connected to the northern subcluster by a filament of cool (1.4^{+0.3}_{-0.1}keV) X-ray emitting gas, and lies outside the estimated virial radius of the northern subcluster. The X-ray morphology agrees well with the projected galaxy distribution in new K-band imaging data presented herein. We use detailed spectral and imaging analysis of the X-ray data to probe the dynamics of the system and find evidence that another subcluster or group has recently passed through the northern subcluster. ClJ0152.7-1357 is an extremely dynamically active system with mergers at different stages occurring along two perpendicular merger axes.
description: 10 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Meniscoessus Cope 1882
Creators: name: Sahni, Ashok
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1972
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Multituberculata
Taeniolabididae
Meniscoessus

description: MENISCOESSUS COPE, 1882
[non] Paronychodon COPE, 1876a, p. 256.
Meniscoessus COPE, 1882, p. 830.
Dipriodon MARSH, 1889b, p. 85.
Tripriodon MARSH, 1889b, p. 86.
Selenacodon MARSH, 1889b, p. 86.
Halodon MARSH, 1889b, p. 87.
Oracodon MARSH, 1889c, p. 178.
description: Published as part of Sahni, Ashok, 1972, The vertebrate Fauna of the Judith River formation, Montana, pp. 319-416 in Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 147 (6) on page 373, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3382461
Extensions and corona decompositions of low-dimensional intrinsic Lipschitz graphs in Heisenberg groups
Creators: name: Di Donato, Daniela
name: Fässler, Katrin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35R03, 26A16, 28A75

description: This note concerns low-dimensional intrinsic Lipschitz graphs, in the sense of Franchi, Serapioni, and Serra Cassano, in the Heisenberg group $\mathbb{H}^n$, $n\in \mathbb{N}$. For $1\leq k\leq n$, we show that every intrinsic $L$-Lipschitz graph over a subset of a $k$-dimensional horizontal subgroup $\mathbb{V}$ of $\mathbb{H}^n$ can be extended to an intrinsic $L'$-Lipschitz graph over the entire subgroup $\mathbb{V}$, where $L'$ depends only on $L$, $k$, and $n$. We further prove that $1$-dimensional intrinsic $1$-Lipschitz graphs in $\mathbb{H}^n$, $n\in \mathbb{N}$, admit corona decompositions by intrinsic Lipschitz graphs with smaller Lipschitz constants. This complements results that were known previously only in the first Heisenberg group $\mathbb{H}^1$. The main difference to this case arises from the fact that for $1\leq k
description: 30 pages; v2: minor revision, results unchanged
Models of Neutrino Mass with a Low Cutoff Scale
Creators: name: Davoudiasl, Hooman
name: Kitano, Ryuichiro
name: Kribs, Graham D.
name: Murayama, Hitoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In theories with a low quantum gravity scale, global symmetries are expected to be violated, inducing excessive proton decay or large Majorana neutrino masses. The simplest cure is to impose discrete gauge symmetries, which in turn make neutrinos massless. We construct models that employ these gauge symmetries while naturally generating small neutrino masses. Majorana (Dirac) neutrino masses are generated through the breaking of a discrete (continuous) gauge symmetry at low energies, e.g., 2 keV to 1 GeV. The Majorana case predicts ΔN_ν\simeq 1 at BBN, neutrinoless double beta decay with scalar emission, and modifications to the CMB anisotropies from domain walls in the universe as well as providing a possible Dark Energy candidate. For the Dirac case, despite the presence of a new light gauge boson, all laboratory, astrophysical, and cosmological constraints can be avoided.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures
SEGMENTATION AND DIFFERENTIATION OF AGRI-FOOD NICHE MARKETS: EXAMPLES FROM THE LITERATURE
Creators: name: Phillips, Jon C.
name: Peterson, H. Christopher
name: Phillips, Jon C.
name: Peterson, H. Christopher
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: ABSTRACT Niche marketing has recently received a great deal of attention in the agri-food trade press and in academic circles as a legitimate strategy for small- and medium-sized agri-food firms. Due to the limited theoretical treatment of agri-food niche marketing strategy, the paper will apply marketing concepts from the general management literature (e.g., Porter; Linneman and Stanton) to agri-food industries. The first objective of the paper is to introduce the three elements of niche marketing strategies and show how these elements can be used to form a strategy identification matrix. The matrix is intended to be used by agribusiness decision makers to assist in the development of niche marketing strategies. The second objective is to provide examples of successful niche marketing strategies that have appeared in the literature related to agricultural markets. More than forty such examples have been identified and collected. These case studies will be analyzed, and their relationship to the niche strategy matrix will be examined.
High-order semi-Lagrangian kinetic scheme for compressible turbulence
Creators: name: Wilde, Dominik
name: Krämer, Andreas
name: Reith, Dirk
name: Foysi, Holger
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Turbulent compressible flows are traditionally simulated using explicit time integrators applied to discretized versions of the Navier-Stokes equations. However, the associated Courant-Friedrichs-Lewy condition severely restricts the maximum time step size. Exploiting the Lagrangian nature of the Boltzmann equation's material derivative, we now introduce a feasible three-dimensional semi-Lagrangian lattice Boltzmann method (SLLBM), which circumvents this restriction. While many lattice Boltzmann methods for compressible flows were restricted to two dimensions due to the enormous number of discrete velocities in three dimensions, the SLLBM uses only 45 discrete velocities. Based on compressible Taylor-Green vortex simulations we show that the new method accurately captures shocks or shocklets as well as turbulence in 3D without utilizing additional filtering or stabilizing techniques, even when the time step sizes are up to two orders of magnitude larger compared to simulations in the literature. Our new method therefore enables researchers for the first time to study compressible turbulent flows by a fully explicit scheme, whose range of admissible time step sizes is only dictated by physics, while being decoupled from the spatial discretization.
Global structure of bigravity solutions
Creators: name: Blas, Diego
name: Deffayet, Cedric
name: Garriga, Jaume
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the causal diagrams of static and spherically symmetric bigravity vacuum solutions, with interacting metrics $f$ and $g$. Such solutions can be classified into type I (or "non-diagonal") and type II (or "diagonal"). The general solution of type I is known, and leads to metrics $f$ and $g$ in the Schwarzschild-(Anti)de Sitter family. The two metrics are not always diagonalizable in the same coordinate system, and the light-cone structure of both metrics can be quite different. In spite of this, we find that causality is preserved, in the sense that closed time-like curves cannot be pieced together from geodesics of both metrics. We propose maximal extensions of Type I bigravity solutions, where geodesics of both metrics do not stop unless a curvature singularity is encountered. Such maximal extensions can contain several copies (or even an infinite number of them) of the maximally extended "individual" geometries associated to $f$ and $g$ separately. Generically, we find that the maximal extensions of bigravity solutions are not globally hyperbolic, even in cases when the individual geometries are. The general solution of type II has not been given in closed form. We discuss a subclass where $g$ is an arbitrary solution of Einstein's equations with a cosmological constant, and we find that in this case the only solutions are such that $f\propto g$ (with trivial causal structure).
description: 30 pages, 10 figures; added references, typos corrected
Cattle Producer' Participation in Market Channels in Central America: Supermarkets, Processors, and Auctions
Creators: name: Balsevich, Fernando
name: Schuetz, Paul
name: Perez, Edwin
name: Balsevich, Fernando
name: Schuetz, Paul
name: Perez, Edwin
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Industrial Organization
Livestock Production/Industries

description: This paper focuses on the determinants and effects of the participation of cattle producers in the supermarket channel, export processor channel, and traditional auction channel. It begins with the analysis of the market channels using qualitative data from 50 interviews of retailers, processors, auction market managers, and other key informants in Costa Rica and Nicaragua, two widely differing cases. It then analyzes patterns and supplies of producers by channel using farm level data (from the authors' survey of farmers in 2004) from 300 farms in the two countries.
Between-session reliability of skin marker-derived spinal kinematics during functional activities
Creators: name: Niggli, Luzia Anna
name: Eichelberger, Patric
name: Bangerter, Christian
name: Baur, Heiner
name: Schmid, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Background: Skin marker-based analysis of functional spinal movement is a promising method for quantifying longitudinal effects of treatment interventions in patients with spinal pathologies. However, observed day-to-day changes might not necessarily be due to a treatment intervention, but can result from errors related to soft tissue artifacts, marker placement inaccuracies or biological day-to-day variability. Research question: How reliable are skin marker-derived three-dimensional spinal kinematics during functional activities between two separate measurement sessions? Methods: Twenty healthy adults (11f/9m) were invited to a movement analysis laboratory for two visits separated by 7-10 days. At each visit, they performed various functional activities (i.e. sitting, standing, walking, running, chair rising, box lifting and vertical jumping), while marker trajectories were recorded using a skin marker-based 10-camera optical motion capture system and used to calculate sagittal and frontal plane spinal curvature angles as well as transverse plane segmental rotational angles in the lumbar and thoracic regions. Between-session reliability for continuous data and discrete parameters was determined by analyzing systematic errors using one sample T-tests as well as by calculating intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) and minimal detectable changes (MDCs). Results and Significance: The analysis indicated high relative consistency for sagittal plane curvature angles during all activities, but not for frontal and transverse plane angles during walking and running. MDCs were mostly below 15°, with relative values ranging between 10% and 750%. This study provides important information that can serve as a basis for researchers and clinicians aiming at investigating longitudinal effects of treatment interventions on spinal motion behavior in patients with spinal pathologies.
TRANSFORMATION VERSUS STAGNATION IN THE OIL PALM INDUSTRY: A COMPARISON BETWEEN MALAYSIA AND NIGERIA
Creators: name: Kajisa, Kei
name: Maredia, Mywish K.
name: Boughton, Duncan
name: Kajisa, Kei
name: Maredia, Mywish K.
name: Boughton, Duncan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1997
Subjects: Agribusiness

description: This paper contrasts the successful transformation of the oil palm sector in Malaysia with the stagnation of the oil palm sector in Nigeria, and examines the factors determining the different paths that the oil palm sectors took in these two countries with the aim of drawing lessons for future development and transfer strategy in Nigeria. Comparing two countries in different regions is not easy, especially when Nigeria has been in political chaos and the agro-climatic environments for oil-palm production differ greatly in these two countries. The purpose of this paper is, therefore, not to compare the potential technology frontiers these two countries can reach, but instead to highlight the technological and environmental factors that helped or hindered the countries in reaching these potential frontiers, however different they may have been.
A Review of Recent Developments in Japanese Agriculture and Agricultural Policy
Creators: name: Kobayashi, S.
name: Morison, Julian B.
name: Riethmuller, Paul C.
name: Kobayashi, S.
name: Morison, Julian B.
name: Riethmuller, Paul C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1991
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy

description: This paper aims to review major recent developments in Japanese agriculture policy and to evaluate what these changes are likely to mean for the agricultural sector. An overview is provided of the Japanese economy, the position of agriculture in the economy and some of the important characteristics of Japanese farm households. The discussion then focuses on trade related policy developments, particularly those that have received most attention outside Japan. Recent important policy developments are then described for the rice industry, the focus of foreign criticism of Japan's agricultural policies, and the beef industry, an example of an industry to have recently lost protection against imports.
Search for new phenomena with top quark pairs in final states with one lepton, jets, and missing transverse momentum in $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}$= 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector
Creators: name: ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A search for new phenomena with top quark pairs in final states with one isolated electron or muon, multiple jets, and large missing transverse momentum is performed. Signal regions are designed to search for two-, three-, and four-body decays of the directly pair-produced supersymmetric partner of the top quark (stop). Additional signal regions are designed specifically to search for spin-0 mediators that are produced in association with a pair of top quarks and decay into a pair of dark-matter particles. The search is performed using the Large Hadron Collider proton-proton collision dataset at a centre-of-mass energy of $\sqrt{s}$=13 TeV recorded by the ATLAS detector from 2015 to 2018, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 139 fb$^{-1}$. No significant excess above the Standard Model background is observed, and limits at 95 % confidence level are set in the stop-neutralino mass plane and as a function of the mediator mass or the dark-matter particle mass. Stops are excluded up to 1200 GeV (710 GeV) in the two-body (three-body) decay scenario. In the four-body scenario stops up to 640 GeV are excluded for a stop-neutralino mass difference of 60 GeV. Scalar and pseudoscalar dark-matter mediators are excluded up to 200 GeV when the coupling strengths of the mediator to Standard Model and dark-matter particles are both equal to one and when the mass of the dark-matter particle is 1 GeV.
description: 68 pages in total, author list starting page 52, 15 figures, 14 tables, published in JHEP. All figures including auxiliary figures are available at http://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/SUSY-2018-07/
Country Towns and Fluctuating Rural Fortunes - Is There a Case For Assistance?
Creators: name: Davenport, Scott V.
name: Lynch, J.
name: Douglas, Robert A.
name: Davenport, Scott V.
name: Lynch, J.
name: Douglas, Robert A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1991
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development

description: This paper provides a review of some commonly held arguments for extending government assistance to the non-farm rural business sector as a means of maintaining the infrastructure of agriculture through periods of rural downturn. Recent literature on the nature of linkages between the farm sector and small business is reviewed to identify the scale of exposure of the various types of small business. Assistance measures available to the farm sector are compared to those available to small business and differences between the two groups are discussed. It is concluded that the disparity in tax treatment between the farm and non-farm rural business sector is an important focus for policy reform and that assistance to the non -farm rural business sector should encourage the development of appropriate small business structures and risk management techniques.
A theoretical and semiemprical correction to the long-range dispersion power law of stretched graphite
Creators: name: Gould, Tim
name: Simpkins, Ken
name: Dobson, John F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In recent years intercalated and pillared graphitic systems have come under increasing scrutiny because of their potential for modern energy technologies. While traditional \emph{ab initio} methods such as the LDA give accurate geometries for graphite they are poorer at predicting physicial properties such as cohesive energies and elastic constants perpendicular to the layers because of the strong dependence on long-range dispersion forces. `Stretching' the layers via pillars or intercalation further highlights these weaknesses. We use the ideas developed by [J. F. Dobson et al, Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 96}, 073201 (2006)] as a starting point to show that the asymptotic $C_3 D^{-3}$ dependence of the cohesive energy on layer spacing $D$ in bigraphene is universal to all graphitic systems with evenly spaced layers. At spacings appropriate to intercalates, this differs from and begins to dominate the $C_4 D^{-4}$ power law for dispersion that has been widely used previously. The corrected power law (and a calculated $C_3$ coefficient) is then unsuccesfully employed in the semiempirical approach of [M. Hasegawa and K. Nishidate, Phys. Rev. B {\bf 70}, 205431 (2004)] (HN). A modified, physicially motivated semiempirical method including some $C_4 D^{-4}$ effects allows the HN method to be used successfully and gives an absolute increase of about $2-3%$ to the predicted cohesive energy, while still maintaining the correct $C_3 D^{-3}$ asymptotics.
International health regulations 2005
Creators: name: Rajvanshi, Harsh
name: Gawande, Sonal
name: Narayanan, Prakash
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2016

description: The International Health Regulations are a formal code of conduct for public health emergencies of international concern. (PHEICs)They are a matter of responsible citizenship  and collective protection. They involve all 194 World Health Organization member countries. The International Health Regulations are a formal code of conduct for public health emergencies of international concern. (PHEICs)They are a matter of responsible citizenship  and collective protection. They involve all 194 World Health Organization member countries.
Isolation and identification of secondary metabolites from taxus media suspension cell culture
Creators: name: Pawlak, Sonia Kristin
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The diterpenoid taxol, a compound isolated from the bark of the Pacific Yew tree, Taxus brevefolia, has shown remarkable success in the treatment of several types of cancer. Limited supply of taxol, due to low concentrations produced naturally and difficulty in synthesis of the drug, have spurred research attempts to develop alternative methods of producing taxane compounds in vitro using suspension cell cultures. Suspension cell culture propagated from the stems of Taxus media were grown in airlift type bioreactors for 28 days using a modified B5 medium. The cells and broth from multiple bioreactor experiments were combined and extracted with ethyl acetate and methanol. The ethyl acetate extracts were roughly separated by partitioning with solvents before high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis was performed to determine if taxol, baccatin III, 10 deacetylbaccatin, 14-hydroxy-10-deacetylbaccatin, 14- hydroxybaccatin, cephlomannine, 7-epitaxol or 7-methyltaxol were present. Additionally, the partitioned extract was checked agains the taxane standards by thin layer chromatography (TLC). There was no indication that the taxane compounds used as standards were present in the cell extract above the detectable limits for these methods. To determine what types of compounds the cell culture was producing, the cell extract was separated using column chromatography, preparative TLC and recrystallization. Five compounds were purified and identified as 3-β-0[P- β -glucoside] β -sitosterol, 3B-6B, 23-trihydroxyolean-28-oic acid, cyclo (L-proline-L- valine), by comparing mass spectral (MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy with that published in the literature. Two novel compounds 9,10 epoxy, 11-hydroxy 12,13 linoleic acid and 4,6- dihydroxy,-2-methoxy, 8-methyl xanthone were found in cell culture. They were identified using NMR and MS data and by comparison with compounds of like structure in the literature.
A Simulation of the Grain Producers' Decision Problem at Harvest
Creators: name: McClintock, David N.
name: Ahmadi-Esfahani, Fredoun Z.
name: Johnston, Jim H.
name: McClintock, David N.
name: Ahmadi-Esfahani, Fredoun Z.
name: Johnston, Jim H.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1991
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: A simulation model is employed to find the least cost way of dealing with the grain carryover during and after completion of harvesting that is caused by a difference between harvesting and trucking capabilities in the short run. The study may potentially aid the farmer in the face of legislative changes affecting wheat marketing, as well as technological changes in harvesting equipment. Results tend to indicate that temporary paddock storage may be more efficient than contract trucking in managing the carryover.
Time-dependent Density-Matrix Renormalization-Group Methods
Creators: name: Schollwoeck, Ulrich
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper recent substantial progress in applying the density-matrix renormalization-group (DMRG) to the simulation of the time-evolution of strongly correlated quantum systems in one dimension is reviewed. Various approaches to generating a time-evolution numerically are considered. The key focus of this review is on current strategies to circumvent the limitations of the quite small subspace well approximated by DMRG, by either enlarging or changing it as time evolves. All these approaches can be extended to the simulation of mixed, i.e. finite-temperature states. While this paper is phrased almost entirely in standard DMRG language, I finish by considering the alternative formulation of time-evolutions in the language of matrix product states which is less well-known but conceptually more powerful.
description: 10 pages; invited review by J. Phys. Soc. Jpn
Supergranule aggregation for constant heat flux-driven turbulent convection
Creators: name: Vieweg, Philipp P.
name: Scheel, Janet D.
name: Schumacher, Jörg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Turbulent convection processes in nature are often found to be organized in a hierarchy of plume structures and flow patterns. The gradual aggregation of convection cells or granules to a supergranule which eventually fills the whole horizontal layer is reported and analysed in spectral element direct numerical simulations of three-dimensional turbulent Rayleigh-Bénard convection at an aspect ratio of $60$. The formation proceeds over a time span of more than $10^4$ convective time units for the largest accessible Rayleigh number and occurs only when the turbulence is driven by a constant heat flux which is imposed at the bottom and top planes enclosing the convection layer. The resulting gradual inverse cascade process is observed for both temperature variance and turbulent kinetic energy. An additional analysis of the leading Lyapunov vector field for the full turbulent flow trajectory in its high-dimensional phase space demonstrates that turbulent flow modes at a certain scale continue to give rise locally to modes with longer wavelength in the turbulent case. As a consequence successively larger convection patterns grow until the horizontal extension of the layer is reached. This instability mechanism, which is known to exist near the onset of constant heat flux-driven convection, is shown here to persist into the fully developed turbulent flow regime thus connecting weakly nonlinear pattern formation with the one in fully developed turbulence. We discuss possible implications of our study for observed, but not yet consistently numerically reproducible, solar supergranulation which could lead to improved simulation models of surface convection in the Sun.
description: 15 pages, 11 figures
ETNO-KULTUROLOGIYALÍQ IZERTLEWDE ILIMIY JÓNELISLERDIŃ ÁHIMIYETI
Creators: name: Taırov, Sharapatdin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Tezistiń maqseti xalqımızdıń ruwhıy mádeniyatı bolģan, ırımlardı keń túrde ilimiy izertlew ushın etnografiya pánindegi qaysı mekteplerdiń ideyalarına tiykarlanıp alıp barsaq durıs bolıwın analizlewden ibarat.
Canonical differential geometry of string backgrounds
Creators: name: Schuller, Frederic P.
name: Wohlfarth, Mattias N. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: String backgrounds and D-branes do not possess the structure of Lorentzian manifolds, but that of manifolds with area metric. Area metric geometry is a true generalization of metric geometry, which in particular may accommodate a B-field. While an area metric does not determine a connection, we identify the appropriate differential geometric structure which is of relevance for the minimal surface equation in such a generalized geometry. In particular the notion of a derivative action of areas on areas emerges naturally. Area metric geometry provides new tools in differential geometry, which promise to play a role in the description of gravitational dynamics on D-branes.
description: 20 pages, no figures, improved journal version
Structural Text Segmentation of Legal Documents
Creators: name: Aumiller, Dennis
name: Almasian, Satya
name: Lackner, Sebastian
name: Gertz, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The growing complexity of legal cases has lead to an increasing interest in legal information retrieval systems that can effectively satisfy user-specific information needs. However, such downstream systems typically require documents to be properly formatted and segmented, which is often done with relatively simple pre-processing steps, disregarding topical coherence of segments. Systems generally rely on representations of individual sentences or paragraphs, which may lack crucial context, or document-level representations, which are too long for meaningful search results. To address this issue, we propose a segmentation system that can predict topical coherence of sequential text segments spanning several paragraphs, effectively segmenting a document and providing a more balanced representation for downstream applications. We build our model on top of popular transformer networks and formulate structural text segmentation as topical change detection, by performing a series of independent classifications that allow for efficient fine-tuning on task-specific data. We crawl a novel dataset consisting of roughly $74,000$ online Terms-of-Service documents, including hierarchical topic annotations, which we use for training. Results show that our proposed system significantly outperforms baselines, and adapts well to structural peculiarities of legal documents. We release both data and trained models to the research community for future work.https://github.com/dennlinger/TopicalChange
The Economic Significance of Environmental Resources: A Review of the Evidence
Creators: name: Young, Ralph
name: Young, Ralph
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1991
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy

description: This paper reviews briefly the approaches employed for generating value estimates for unpriced environmental resources, with particular attention being paid to the contingent valuation method. Estimates of value for environmental products and services for both the United States and Australia are presented. This evidence clearly demonstrates that a wide range of unpriced environmental resources have significant economic value to the community. The paper concludes with a discussion of the implications for project development, funding and policy in Australia.
Conditions for Regional Frequency Stability in Power System Scheduling -- Part II: Application to Unit Commitment
Creators: name: Badesa, Luis
name: Teng, Fei
name: Strbac, Goran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: In Part I of this paper we have introduced the closed-form conditions for guaranteeing regional frequency stability in a power system. Here we propose a methodology to represent these conditions in the form of linear constraints and demonstrate their applicability by implementing them in a generation-scheduling model. This model simultaneously optimises energy production and ancillary services for maintaining frequency stability in the event of a generation outage, by solving a frequency-secured Stochastic Unit Commitment (SUC). We consider the Great Britain system, characterised by two regions that create a non-uniform distribution of inertia: England in the South, where most of the load is located, and Scotland in the North, containing significant wind resources. Through several case studies, it is shown that inertia and frequency response cannot be considered as system-wide magnitudes in power systems that exhibit inter-area oscillations in frequency, as their location in a particular region is key to guarantee stability. In addition, securing against a medium-sized loss in the low-inertia region proves to cause significant wind curtailment, which could be alleviated through reinforced transmission corridors. In this context, the proposed constraints allow to find the optimal volume of ancillary services to be procured in each region.
description: IEEE Transactions on Power Systems
Elicitation session
Creators: name: Otaegui, Alfonso
name: Skilton, Amalia Horan
name: Zapana Almanza, Hector
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2016
Subjects: Aymara language

description: Simple declarative sentences (copular and existential), simple questions (copular), lexical elicitation focusing on stop contrasts
Effects of Tactical Responses and Risk Aversion on Farm Wheat Supply
Creators: name: Kingwell, Ross S.
name: Kingwell, Ross S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1995
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis

description: A discrete stochastic programming model of the farming system of the eastern wheatbelt of Western Australia is used to examine the effect of tactical responses and risk aversion on wheat supply. Including within-season tactical changes to wheat areas decreases the own-price elasticity of supply. By contrast, introducing risk aversion has no consistent effect on the own-price elasticity of supply. The implications for supply models are discussed.
Kaluza-Klein spectrometry for ${\rm AdS_{3}}$ vacua
Creators: name: Eloy, Camille
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use exceptional field theory to compute Kaluza-Klein mass spectra around ${\rm AdS_{3}}$ vacua that sit in half-maximal gauged supergravity in three dimensions. The formalism applies to any vacuum that arises from a consistent truncation of higher-dimensional supergravity, no matter what symmetries are preserved. We illustrate its efficiency by computing the spectra of ${\cal N}=(2,0)$ and ${\cal N}=(1,1)$ six-dimensional supergravities on ${\rm AdS_{3}}\times S^{3}$ and of type II supergravity on ${\rm AdS_{3}}\times S^{3}\times S^{3}\times S^{1}$.
description: 19 pages. v2: minor corrections, reference added
Distance Education of Public School Principals: The Experience in Bicol University, the Philippines
Creators: name: Bercasio, Rebecca Rosario O.
name: Lienaresas, Helen M
name: Nunez, Epifania B.
Publisher: name: Rangsit University, Pathum Thani, Thailand
Year: 2014
Subjects: asynchronous and synchronous discussion,continuing education,open and distance learning, school principals,ubiquitous learning

description: 1, 1, RANGSIT JOURNAL OF EDUCATIONAL STUDIES
Marketing Australia's Wheat Crop: The Way Ahead
Creators: name: Ryan, Timothy J.
name: Ryan, Timothy J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: The 1989 Wheat Marketing Act has set in motion forces, in particular the deregulation of the domestic market for wheat and the establishment of the Wheat Industry Fund, which have irrevocably altered the way in which wheat and other grains are marketed in Australia. This article examines these forces and subsequent developments and seeks to address which marketing structure is best suited to maximise the position of Australian growers into the next century. Using some tenets drawn from industrial organisation economics, the international grain market and the current Australian system are discussed. Some benefits from the operation of the Australian Wheat Board are postulated and a discussion of continuing developments possibly leading to a corporatised AWB actively involved in strategic joint ventures along the marketing chain and owned by growers through shares are presented.
On the physics behind the form factor ratio $μ_p G_E^p (Q^2) / G_M^p (Q^2)$
Creators: name: Wakamatsu, M.
name: Nakakoji, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We point out that there exist two natural definitions of the nucleon magnetization densities : the density $ρ_M^K (r)$ introduced in Kelly's phenomenological analysis and theoretically more standard one $ρ_M (r)$. We can derive an explicit analytical relation between them, although Kelly's density is more useful to disentangle the physical origin of the different $Q^2$ dependence of the Sachs electric and magnetic form factors of the nucleon. We evaluate both of $ρ_M (r)$ and $ρ_M^K (r)$ as well as the charge density $ρ_{ch}(r)$ of the proton within the framework of the chiral quark soliton model, to find a noticeable qualitative difference between $ρ_{ch}(r)$ and $ρ_M^K (r)$, which is just consistent with Kelly's result obtained from the empirical information on the Sachs electric and magnetic form factors of the proton.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures. version to appear in J. Phys. G.: Nucl. Part. Phys
Interstate Differences in the Cost of Complying With Feedlot Environmental Regulations: an Initial Investigation
Creators: name: Ridley, Emma J.H.
name: Morison, Julian B.
name: Griffith, Garry R.
name: Ridley, Emma J.H.
name: Morison, Julian B.
name: Griffith, Garry R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1994
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy

description: Environmental regulations impose construction and recurring costs on Australian feedlot operators. However to date there has been no published empirical information on these costs of environmental regulation. Additionally, variations in regulations between states and inconsistencies in the application of these regulations may have resulted in a pattern of location different from that dictated by least cost grain and feeder cattle inputs and processing and transportation services. The aim of this study was to attempt to measure the cost of complying with environmental regulations by large commercial feedlots in different Australian states. From data provided from a survey of 20 commercial feedlots it was found that the average cost of complying with these regulations was $36 per head of capacity. Substantial differences in these costs were found between New South Wales and Queensland, the two major producing states, with the more complex regulations in New South Wales resulting in higher costs.
Coupled KdV equations derived from atmospherical dynamics
Creators: name: Lou, S. Y.
name: Tong, Bin
name: Hu, Heng-chun
name: Tang, Xiao-yan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Some types of coupled Korteweg de-Vries (KdV) equations are derived from an atmospheric dynamical system. In the derivation procedure, an unreasonable $y$-average trick (which is usually adopted in literature) is removed. The derived models are classified via Painlevé test. Three types of $τ$-function solutions and multiple soliton solutions of the models are explicitly given by means of the exact solutions of the usual KdV equation. It is also interesting that for a non-Painlevé integrable coupled KdV system there may be multiple soliton solutions.
description: 19 pages, 2 figures
Structural Disorder Induced Second-order Topological Insulators in Three Dimensions
Creators: name: Wang, Jiong-Hao
name: Yang, Yan-Bin
name: Dai, Ning
name: Xu, Yong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Higher-order topological insulators are established as topological crystalline insulators protected by crystalline symmetries. One celebrated example is the second-order topological insulator in three dimensions that hosts chiral hinge modes protected by crystalline symmetries. Since amorphous solids are ubiquitous, it is important to ask whether such a second-order topological insulator can exist in an amorphous system without any spatial order. Here we predict the existence of a secondorder topological insulating phase in an amorphous system without any crystalline symmetry. Such a topological phase manifests in the winding number of the quadrupole moment, the quantized longitudinal conductance and the hinge states. Furthermore, in stark contrast to the viewpoint that structural disorder should be detrimental to the higher-order topological phase, we remarkably find that structural disorder can induce a second-order topological insulator from a topologically trivial phase in a regular geometry. We finally demonstrate the existence of a second-order topological phase in amorphous systems with time-reversal symmetry.
description: 16 pages, 9 figures. PRL accepted
Conditions for Regional Frequency Stability in Power System Scheduling -- Part I: Theory
Creators: name: Badesa, Luis
name: Teng, Fei
name: Strbac, Goran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This paper considers the phenomenon of distinct regional frequencies recently observed in some power systems. First, a reduced-order mathematical model describing this behaviour is developed. Then, techniques to solve the model are discussed, demonstrating that the post-fault frequency evolution in any given region is equal to the frequency evolution of the Centre Of Inertia plus certain inter-area oscillations. This finding leads to the deduction of conditions for guaranteeing frequency stability in all regions of a power system, a deduction performed using a mixed analytical-numerical approach that combines mathematical analysis with regression methods on simulation samples. The proposed stability conditions are linear inequalities that can be implemented in any optimisation routine allowing the co-optimisation of all existing ancillary services for frequency support: inertia, multi-speed frequency response, load damping and an optimised largest power infeed. This is the first reported mathematical framework with explicit conditions to maintain frequency stability in a power system exhibiting inter-area oscillations in frequency.
description: IEEE Transactions on Power Systems