cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Influence of Mother-Daughter Communication in Adolescence on Unintended Pregnancy in Adulthood
Creators: name: Paulus, Kirsten
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2019

description: While a great deal of research has been devoted to examining the high unintended pregnancy rate in the United States, few studies of this outcome have used longitudinal data to examine the long-term influence of parent-child relationships during adolescence.  To fill this gap, I used data from a sample of 3,517 female respondents in Wave 1 (1994 – 1995) and Wave 4 (2008 – 2009) of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health to estimate the association between their reports of satisfaction with communication with their mothers during adolescence as well as mothers’ sexual behavior attitudes and whether or not their first pregnancy during adulthood was intended, net of sociodemographic characteristics. Results from logistic regression analyses revealed no association between their perception of mother-daughter communication in adolescence and unintended first pregnancy in adulthood. Similarly, there was no association between their perception of mothers’ attitudes toward adolescent engagement in sexual activity and unintended first pregnancy.  These null findings suggest that contemporaneous factors may offer better explanations for pregnancy intendedness than adolescent factors or that other aspects of parent-child relationships during adolescence may be more pertinent to subsequent sexual behavior.
EU Return Directive on common standards and procedures for returning: an urgent action for migrants
Creators: name: Fontenla Salcedo, Ingrid
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2013
Subjects: European Union
migrants
return migration
emigration and immigration law

description: Second semester University: Université du Luxembourg.
description: As part of its policy to combat illegal immigration, in 2008 the European Union adopted a Return Directive that set out common standards and procedures for Member States to return irregular migrants. This directive resulted in being controversial and generated divided opinions. The sectors that supported the Directive believed that it should be seen as a set of measures aimed at other objectives to promote legal and orderly immigration. However, critics have raised serious concerns regarding the Directive’s absence of sufficient safeguards for ensuring integral respect of the rights of migrants. Taking the latter approach, the aim of this thesis is to carry out a critical analysis of the Return Directive and question certain aspects of its regulations, from both a human rights perspective and also from the perspective of an irregular migrant - to which this directive applies. It does not appear as though the Return Directive guarantees neither a safe and dignified return for irregular migrants nor their right to integrity. Furthermore, international human rights standards for the protection of migrants appear to be applicable.
Configurable Electrostatically Doped High Performance Bilayer Graphene Tunnel FET
Creators: name: Chen, Fan W.
name: Ilatikhameneh, Hesameddin
name: Klimeck, Gerhard
name: Chen, Zhihong
name: Rahman, Rajib
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A bilayer graphene based electrostatically doped tunnel field-effect transistor (BED-TFET) is proposed in this work. Unlike graphene nanoribbon TFETs in which the edge states deteriorate the OFF-state performance, BED-TFETs operate based on different bandgaps induced by vertical electric fields in the source, channel, and drain regions without any chemical doping. The performance of the transistor is evaluated by self-consistent quantum transport simulations. This device has several advantages: 1) ultra-low power (VDD=0.1V), 2) high performance (ION/IOFF>104), 3) steep subthreshold swing (SS<10mv/dec), and 4) electrically configurable between N-TFET and P-TFET post fabrication. Here, the operation principle of the BED-TFET and its performance sensitivity to the device design parameters are studied.
description: 4 pages, 6 figures in 2016 Journal of the Electron Device Society
RTS,S/AS01 malaria vaccine efficacy and its interaction with seasonal precipitation: Results from a phase 3 randomized controlled trial in Lilongwe, Malawi
Creators: name: Han, Larry
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Background: Phase 3 trials of the efficacy and safety of the candidate malaria vaccine RTS,S/AS01 are complete, but site-specific data are limited. This study assesses the interaction of precipitation and vaccine efficacy and corresponding estimates of clinical malaria episodes averted in a seasonal-transmission region of sub-Saharan Africa.
Methods: We followed children (5-17 months of age) and infants (6-12 weeks of age) who had been randomly assigned to one of three groups: 1) a group that received 3 doses of RTS,S and a booster dose 18 months after the third dose (R3R group); 2) a group that received the same schedule without the booster (R3C group); 3) a control group –the rabies vaccine (VeroRab, Sanofi-Pasteur) was administered to children 5-17 months of age and the meningococcal serogroup C conjugate vaccine (Menjugate, Novartis) was administered to infants 6-12 weeks of age (C3C group). Primary efficacy was defined as development of clinical malaria (fever ≥37.5°C and Plasmodium falciparum parasitemia density >5,000 parasites per microliter) for both age groups. Patients were followed passively but were told to seek medical care at a designated Health Center for any illness. Precipitation data were obtained from the Chitedze Agricultural Center in Lilongwe, Malawi (-13.97S, 33.63E, 3770 ft).
Findings: Over the duration of follow-up, 744 of 1513 (49.1%) children and infants had at least 1 episode of clinical malaria. Among children, vaccine efficacies were 42.7% (95% CI 25.7%, 55.8%, P<0.0001) for the R3R group and 33.1% (95% CI 14.5%, 47.7%, P=0.001) for the R3C group for first malaria case. Among infants, vaccine efficacies were 41.8% (95% CI 24.4%,53.7%, P<0.0001) for the R3R group and 29.9% (95% CI 11.3%, 44.6%, P=0.003) for the R3C group. Precipitation was significantly associated with increased malaria incidence, with each 1-inch increase in rainfall per month elevating the hazard of malaria by 12.6% (95% CI 9.6%, 15.6%) among children and by 15.9% (95% CI 12.8%, 18.9%) among infants. Vaccine efficacy was not affected by seasonal variations in precipitation.
Interpretations: Policy discussions for the expanded use of RTS,S/AS01 are underway. It will be critical to determine the performance of the vaccine according to the seasonal pattern of malaria transmission. We show that vaccine efficacy does not change during the rainy or dry season in Lilongwe, Malawi, an area of mesoendemic, seasonal transmission.
Supplementary materials for 'Early GH Treatment is Effective and Well Tolerated in Children with Turner Syndrome: NordiNet® IOS and ANSWER Program'
Creators: name: Backeljauw, Philippe
name: Blair, Joanne
name: Ferran, Jean-Marc
name: Kelepouris, Nicky
name: Miller, Bradley S.
name: Pietropoli, Alberto
name: Polak, Michel
name: Sävendahl, Lars
name: Verlind, Franciska
name: Rohrer, Tilman R.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Endocrinology
Paediatrics not elsewhere classified

description: Supplementary materials for ' Early GH Treatment is Effective and Well Tolerated in Children with Turner Syndrome: NordiNet® IOS and ANSWER Program'
De-institutionalising India’s orphanages : localising child rights in an institution for HIV-infected/affected children in Rajasthan
Creators: name: Mortensen, Therese Boje
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2017
Subjects: children rights
India
orphanages
AIDS
Rajasthan

description: Second semester University: Lund University
description: The fact that children growing up in institutional settings are at risk of harmful development is recognised in both psychological studies and international law on children’s rights. Still, orphanages persist in many parts of the world. In India, ‘care homes’ or ‘hostels’ are common alternative care solutions for children from impoverished families. Through a legal and, primarily, an anthropological lens, this thesis asks to what extent the clear impetus towards de-institutionalisation in international human rights law has potential to change such practices. The study contributes to a body of scholarship on ‘localising children’s rights’ by conducting an ethnographic case study of an institution for HIV-infected/affected children in Rajasthan. The study finds a complex picture with numerous causation factors of institutionalisation, including a widespread stigma of HIV/AIDS, poverty, a positive perception of institutions, and lack of functional alternatives. The institution in question also played a range of social functions other than child care, such as education, a means for parents to ‘rescue’ their children from extreme poverty, and a supportive environment for the community of people living with HIV/AIDS. These factors point to the need for a more contextualised approach to children’s rights, specifically that local causation factors and social functions of existing institutions should be taken into account when developing rights-based deinstitutionalization strategies.
Tensor Analysis and Fusion of Multimodal Brain Images
Creators: name: Karahan, Esin
name: Rojas-Lopez, Pedro A.
name: Bringas-Vega, Maria L.
name: Valdes-Hernandez, Pedro A.
name: Valdes-Sosa, Pedro A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Current high-throughput data acquisition technologies probe dynamical systems with different imaging modalities, generating massive data sets at different spatial and temporal resolutions posing challenging problems in multimodal data fusion. A case in point is the attempt to parse out the brain structures and networks that underpin human cognitive processes by analysis of different neuroimaging modalities (functional MRI, EEG, NIRS etc.). We emphasize that the multimodal, multi-scale nature of neuroimaging data is well reflected by a multi-way (tensor) structure where the underlying processes can be summarized by a relatively small number of components or "atoms". We introduce Markov-Penrose diagrams - an integration of Bayesian DAG and tensor network notation in order to analyze these models. These diagrams not only clarify matrix and tensor EEG and fMRI time/frequency analysis and inverse problems, but also help understand multimodal fusion via Multiway Partial Least Squares and Coupled Matrix-Tensor Factorization. We show here, for the first time, that Granger causal analysis of brain networks is a tensor regression problem, thus allowing the atomic decomposition of brain networks. Analysis of EEG and fMRI recordings shows the potential of the methods and suggests their use in other scientific domains.
description: 23 pages, 15 figures, submitted to Proceedings of the IEEE
Exploring Stakeholder Perceptions of Safe Injection Facilities as a Harm Reduction Method to Combating the Opioid Crisis in North Carolina
Creators: name: Parham, Kevin
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: Despite significant efforts to curtail the impact of the opioid epidemic, overdose deaths continue to grow exponentially across the United States (Ahrnsbrak et al., 2017).. With 22 of the top 25 cities for opioid abuse in the Southeastern United States, including 4 in North Carolina alone, it is crucial to consider new and innovative interventions in the political context of the South to effectively combat the negative effects of this crisis (Knopf, 2017). Safe injection facilities are a harm reduction method that have been proven to decrease the likelihood of drug overdose and connect injection drug users to reliable healthcare information in other countries, but they have yet to launch in the United States due to social and legal obstacles (Small et al., 2008). Using in-depth interviews with public health officials, medical providers, and law enforcement officers across North Carolina, I explored the potential benefits and concerns that key stakeholders have concerning the potential implementation of safe injection facilities in response to the opioid crisis. Interviews were audio-recorded with consent, transcribed, and coded by hand for thematic analysis to identify prevailing claims, concerns, and challenges associated with the implementation of SIFs in North Carolina. By using the themes and related information collected in this study, public health workers, legislators, and policy advocates can make informed decisions about how to effectively and efficiently pass policy that benefits the overall health and safety of injection drug users and the general population in North Carolina.
Implementation of the European Court of Human Rights judgments to the Russian legal order
Creators: name: Martynova, Tatiana
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2011
Subjects: European Court of Human Rights
judgement
law
Russian Federation

description: Second semester University: Université de Strasbourg.
description: The thesis is a review of the implementation of the judgment of the European Court of Human Rights on the legal order of the Russian Federation; an exploration of interaction of the Russian government authorities and judges with the European Court and the Council of Europe; an illustration of the efforts of the Russian authorities for improving the quality of law according to the Conventional standards. The European Court’s case-law could bring a positive impact to national legislation and start of reforms for achieving a greater protection and promotion of human rights and fundamentals freedoms. The increasing implementation of the Court’s jurisprudence could be considered as proof of thise integration of the Russian legal order into the international judicial community. A lot of steps have already been taken and progressively carried out by the Russian authorities in order to ensure the implementation of the Court’s rulings, their conduct and approach, the regulations created and the practice developed to this end. The Russia today has made a priority to decline the flow of compliance to the European Court of Human Rights, modernizing and improving the legal system. In May 2011, the President of the Russian Federation signed an executive order on monitoring the enforcement of laws. The enforcement of the European Court of Human Rights judgments that require the adoption, amendment or abolition of laws and other norms and regulations would be analyzed. This Law is example of the value of the European Court’s jurisprudence for the Russian Federation. Respect for the law and protection of individuals lawful rights and interests is not possible without effective courts and court proceedings. There have been positive changes in the judicial arrangement in civil proceedings, arbitration and criminal proceedings during the last years. 3 Still, these problems in judicial system exist till now. For achieving significant results in the implementation it is necessary to establish cooperation between all the members of the process. This is a great challenge for Russia to establish a constructive dialogue with the Council of Europe through the Council of Europe’s tools and Conventional’s standarts, to elaborate on the interaction and cooperation following the judgments delivered by the Court in respect to the Russian Federation and to use experience of the other Member States for solving systematic problems in judicial system of the Russian Federation.
Haunted Houses, Haunted Memories: Embodiment, Reproduction, and Storytelling in Postmodern African American Women's Literature
Creators: name: French, Hallie
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: In the middle of her opening poem “In 2006 I Had an Ordeal with Medicine,” Bettina Judd writes “I had an ordeal with medicine and was found innocent / or guilty. It feels the same because I live in a haunted / house. A house can be a dynasty, a bloodline, a body.”1 I have chosen to structure this project around those lines of Judd’s poetry, focusing on themes of dynasty, bloodline, and body in the prose fiction works of late twentieth-century African American women writers because Judd’s work helped provide inspiration for this project and because her poetry is concerned with the historical use and abuse of Black women’s bodies. I use the structure of haunted houses to explore the concepts of time, the fantastic, the body, reproduction, and the archive in these novels. The focus of the following chapters centers on how these themes come to dominate and define a specific genre: the neo-slave narrative. Drawing on those ideas, I argue that enslaved African American women and their bodies, relegated away from the traditional archive, exist in the theoretical spaces affected by history and past brutalities. Exemplified within those spaces are the ways in which modern day women’s bodies and lives are affected by the passed down, ingrained notions of the past that exist just beneath the surface of American culture. I argue that fiction in the neo-slave narrative works to reclaim the past by acting as the missing pieces of America’s archive precisely because those stories and the bodily experiences of the people who lived them are hard to account for otherwise in the historical record.
Custom Arrayed Waveguide Gratings with Improved Performance
Creators: name: van Wijk, Arthur C.
name: Doerr, Christopher R.
name: Akca, B. Imran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Arrayed waveguide gratings (AWGs) are key optical components of various new applications in telecommunication, astrology, medical imaging, and spectroscopy. It is a very powerful integrated light dispersion technology with significant flexibility for tailoring its performance to the individual system needs of each application. There are several examples of custom AWG designs in the literature aiming for improved system performance. In this review, we will provide an overview of the available methods for improving the bandwidth, spectral resolution, and transmission function shape of AWGs. The working principle as well as the advantages and disadvantages of each method will be discussed.
Binary Rate Distortion With Side Information: The Asymmetric Correlation Channel Case
Creators: name: Sechelea, Andrei
name: Cheng, Samuel
name: Munteanu, Adrian
name: Deligiannis, Nikos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Advancing over up-to-date information theoretic results that assume symmetric correlation models, in this work we consider the problem of lossy binary source coding with side information, where the correlation is expressed by a generic binary asymmetric channel. Specifically, we present an in-depth analysis of rate distortion with side information available to both the encoder and decoder (conventional predictive), as well as the Wyner-Ziv problem for this particular setup. Prompted by our recent results for the Z-channel correlation case, we evaluate the rate loss between the Wyner-Ziv and the conventional predictive coding, as a function of the parameters of the binary asymmetric correlation channel.
description: Accepted at IEEE Global Conference on Signal and Information Processing (GlobalSIP) 2015
Nematicity and magnetism in FeSe and other families of Fe-based superconductors
Creators: name: Yamakawa, Youichi
name: Onari, Seiichiro
name: Kontani, Hiroshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nematicity and magnetism are two key features in Fe-based superconductors, and their interplay is one of the most important unsolved problems. In FeSe, the magnetic order is absent below the structural transition temperature $T_{str}=90$K, in stark contrast that the magnetism emerges slightly below $T_{str}$ in other families. To understand such amazing material dependence, we investigate the spin-fluctuation-mediated orbital order ($n_{xz}\neq n_{yz}$) by focusing on the orbital-spin interplay driven by the strong-coupling effect, called the vertex correction. This orbital-spin interplay is very strong in FeSe because of the small ratio between the Hund's and Coulomb interactions ($\bar{J}/\bar{U}$) and large $d_{xz},d_{yz}$-orbitals weight at the Fermi level. For this reason, in the FeSe model, the orbital order is established irrespective that the spin fluctuations are very weak, so the magnetism is absent below $T_{str}$. In contrast, in the LaFeAsO model, the magnetic order appears just below $T_{str}$ both experimentally and theoretically. Thus, the orbital-spin interplay due to the vertex correction is the key ingredient in understanding the rich phase diagram with nematicity and magnetism in Fe-based superconductors in a unified way.
description: 15 pages, 11 figures, to appear in Phys. Rev. X
1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid signals independently of ethylene in the FEI cellulose synthesis pathway in Arabidopsis thaliana
Creators: name: Johnson, Leah
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Cellulose is an important structural molecule in the plant cell wall. Recently, the receptor-like kinases FEI1 and FEI2 were found to regulate cellulose synthesis. When grown on high sucrose media, the fei1fei2 double mutant has short, swollen roots due to cellulose deficiency. The phytohormone ethylene is known to inhibit root elongation, thus causing root growth defects. The fei1fei2 phenotype is not reverted to wild-type when ethylene perception is disrupted, indicating that ethylene is not involved in the FEI pathway. However, a reversion of the fei1fei2 phenotype has been observed when ethylene biosynthesis is inhibited. In the ethylene biosynthesis pathway, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) is the direct precursor to ethylene. This, together with other genetic and biochemical studies, suggests that ACC acts as a signal in the FEI pathway. We have found that the ethylene-insensitive line, ein2-5, responds to the application of ACC but not ethylene, suggesting that ACC signals independently of ethylene. Additionally, ACC reestablishes swelling in fei1fei2ein2-5 mutants in which ethylene biosynthesis has been inhibited. Here, we examined the role of ACC in cellulose biosynthesis to confirm the biochemical effects of ACC in the FEI pathway. To do so, we genetically and physiologically disrupted ethylene biosynthesis and signaling in a fei1fei2 background. Our findings on the role of ACC in the FEI signaling pathway and thus cellulose synthesis will likely impact industry, where understanding cell wall composition may lead to enhanced production of cellulose-based goods such as paper and biofuels.
Edge states and local electronic structure around an adsorbed impurity in a topological superconductor
Creators: name: Tai, Yuan-Yen
name: Choi, Hongchul
name: Ahmed, Towfiq
name: Ting, C. S.
name: Zhu, Jian-Xin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently topological superconducting states has attracted a lot of interest. In this work, we consider a topo- logical superconductor with $Z_2$ topological mirror order [1] and s$\pm$-wave superconducting pairing symmetry, within a two-orbital model originally designed for iron-based superconductivity [2]. We predict the existence of gapless edge states. We also study the local electronic structure around an adsorbed interstitial magnetic impurity in the system, and find the existence of low-energy in-gap bound states even with a weak spin polar- ization on the impurity. We also discuss the relevance of our results to the recent STM experiment on Fe(Te,Se) compound with adsorbed Fe impurity [3], for which our density functional calculations show the Fe impurity is spin polarized.
When a journey becomes a nightmare: states obligations related to trafficking in forced migrants. The case of Eritrean refugees falling prey to traffickers on their journey from Eritrea to and through Sudan and Egypt
Creators: name: Richter, Elisabeth C.
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2016
Subjects: forced migration
Eritrea
human rights violations
international obligations
refugees
trafficking

description: Second semester University: University of Padua.
description: As a result of increasing political oppression and gross human rights violations in Eritrea, many Eritreans clandestinely leave their country with the help of smugglers and their middlemen. While some Eritrean refugees settle in refugee camps in Ethiopia or Sudan, others continue their journey through Northeast Africa and/or further on towards Europe. The irregularity of this largescale migration movement puts them at high risk of being exploited. In recent years, human smuggling as well as human trafficking networks evolved all along the migration routes of Eritreans in Northeast Africa. At almost every step of the journey to and through Sudan, Egypt, Libya and other countries, Eritreans are at jeopardy of being kidnapped, held hostage and tortured with the purpose of extorting ransom from their relatives. In view of this elaborate trafficking network, this thesis asks whether Eritrea, Sudan and Egypt adhere to their obligations to fight trafficking in human beings, in particular Eritrean refugees. The first chapter gives an overview of the applicable international framework. The questions whether the purpose of ransom extortion is a new form of trafficking and which states' obligations apply in light of the phenomenon of mixed-migration flows are being highlighted. The second chapter depicts the reasons for and effects of the vulnerability of Eritreans. A specific focus is laid on the question whether and how smuggling and trafficking networks intermingle in the context of Northeast Africa. Lastly, the third chapter outlines efforts undertaken by Eritrea, Sudan and Egypt to fight trafficking, in particular their effiorts to provide for an adequate legal framework, prevent, prosecute and protect trafficking victims.
Selecting Generative Models for Networks using Classification with Machine Learning
Creators: name: Larsen, Nicholas
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: By representing data entities as a map of edges and vertices, where each edge encodes a relationship between two vertices, networks have an almost unlimited ability to capture relationships and patterns impossible to see with the human eye. Because these patterns often reflect key aspects of the data, a significant portion of network science is devoted to detecting and distinguishing networks by using these topological features. The use of machine learning for classifying networks is a popular solution; research in this area includes techniques ranging from k-Nearest Neighbors to language modeling-inspired deep learning methods. Another area of interest with respect to networks is model selection, which can provide unique insights into a graph’s topological and probabilistic properties. This thesis combines the two areas of network classification with machine learning and generative model selection by using the popular algorithm known as “random forests” as a potential model selection criterion. First, we perform a series of experiments designed to characterize the discriminatory power of random forests on a wide variety of synthetic graphs generated by dozens of Stochastic Block Models (SBMs). Then, we take advantage of well-known network structural properties and compare the generative model of best fit selected by random forests to the model chosen by a previously established selection criterion known as Integrated Completed Likelihood (ICL). In applying these techniques to selecting Erdos-Renyi mixture models for a macaque brain connectivity dataset and using the model that maximizes the ICL criterion as the “gold standard,” we observed that random forests serves as a comparable model selection method when using topological network statistics as the feature space, selecting the same best-fit model chosen by ICL over 95% of the time.
Spatial dynamics of laser-induced fluorescence in an intense laser beam: experiment and theory in alkali metal atoms
Creators: name: Auzinsh, Marcis
name: Berzins, Andris
name: Ferber, Ruvin
name: Gahbauer, Florian
name: Kalnins, Uldis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have shown that it is possible to model accurately optical phenomena in intense laser fields by taking into account the intensity distribution over the laser beam. We developed a theoretical model that divided an intense laser beam into concentric regions, each with a Rabi frequency that corresponds to the intensity in that region, and solved a set of coupled optical Bloch equations for the density matrix in each region. Experimentally obtained magneto-optical resonance curves for the $F_g=2\longrightarrow F_e=1$ transition of the $D_1$ line of $^{87}$Rb agreed very well with the theoretical model up to a laser intensity of around 200 mW/cm$^2$ for a transition whose saturation intensity is around 4.5 mW/cm$^2$. We have studied the spatial dependence of the fluorescence intensity in an intense laser beam experimentally and theoretically. An experiment was conducted whereby a broad, intense pump laser excited the $F_g=4\longrightarrow F_e=3$ transition of the $D_2$ line of cesium while a weak, narrow probe beam scanned the atoms within the pump beam and excited the $D_1$ line of cesium, whose fluorescence was recorded as a function of probe beam position. Experimentally obtained spatial profiles of the fluorescence intensity agreed qualitatively with the predictions of the model.
description: 8 pages, 9 figures
title: Sprache und Geschlecht
title: Wie quantitative Methoden aus der Experimental- und Neuropsychologie einen Beitrag zur Geschlechterforschung leisten können
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Ferstl, Evelyn C.
name: Kaiser, Anelis
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Sprache
subject: Geschlechterforschung
subject: Hirnforschung
subject: Transdisziplinarität
subject: 150 Psychologie

description: Wer die auf Geistes- und Sozialwissenschaften basierende Literatur aus dem Kanon der Geschlechtertheorie betrachtet, erhält den Eindruck, dass die Psychologie innerhalb dieses Forschungsbereichs keine tragende Rolle spielt. Ein möglicher Grund für die fehlende Integration psychologischer Forschung scheint ihr Zugriff auf quantitative empirische Methoden zu sein, ein Ansatz, der für die naturwissenschaftlich orientierte psychologische Forschung zentral ist. In diesem Artikel wollen wir eine Lanze brechen für eine geschlechter theoretisch informierte quantitative Experimentalpsychologie. Anhand unseres Forschungsgebietes Psychologie der Sprache illustrieren wir, an welchen Punkten die neueren behavioralen und neurowissenschaftlichen Methoden einen Beitrag leisten können und wie sie Erkenntnisse aus der qualitativen Genderforschung komplementieren. Der erste Teil befasst sich mit aktuellen Studien, die unter anderem mit Reaktionszeitmessungen und evozierten Potenzialen zeigen, wie stark Genderstereotypien in der Semantik verankert sind. Der zweite Teil thematisiert neuere Befunde aus der Neurobildgebung, die Geschlechtsunterschiede in der Lateralisierung von Sprachverarbeitung infrage stellen. Abschließend skizzieren wir neuere Forschungsansätze und plädieren für eine transdiziplinäre Kombination von qualitativen und quantitativen Methoden.
description: On closer examination of the canon of gender theories that are based on the social sciences and humanities, the impression arises that psychology does not play a central role in this field of research. One possible reason for the lack of psychological research may be their use of quantitative and empirical methods – an indispensable approach in scientifically oriented psychological research, however. In this article, we advocate quantitative experimental psychology enriched by gender theory. Based on our field of research, the psychology of language, we illustrate which aspects of gender research can be complemented through behavioural and neuroscientific methods. The first section presents recent studies which, based on measurements of reaction time and ERPs, describe how strongly gender stereotypes are rooted in semantics. The second section introduces recent results from neuro-imaging studies and calls a sexbased lateralization of language processing into question. Finally, we sketch the latest research approaches and recommend a transdisciplinary combination of qualitative and quantitative methods.
Fracture Mechanics implications for apparent static friction coefficient in contact problems involving slip-weakening laws
Creators: name: Papangelo, A.
name: Ciavarella, M.
name: Barber, J. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the effect of differing coefficients of static and dynamic friction coefficients on the behaviour of contacts involving microslip. The classic solutions of Cattaneo and Mindlin are unchanged if the transition in coefficients is abrupt, but if it occurs over some small slip distance, the solution has some mathematical similarities with those governing the normal tractions in adhesive contact problems. In particular, if the transition to dynamic slip occurs over a sufficiently small area, we can identify a `JKR' approximation, where the transition region is condensed to a line. A local singularity in shear traction is then predicted, with a stress-intensity factor that is proportional to the the square root of the local contact pressure and to a certain integral of the friction coefficient-slip distance relation. We can also define an equivalent of the `small-scale yielding' criterion, which enables us to assess when the singular solution provides a good approximation. One consequence of the results is that the static coefficient of friction determined from force measurements in experiments is significantly smaller than the value that holds at the microscale.
description: 6 figures
Virtual tours through memorial sites : remembering human rights in a digital age
Creators: name: Schett, Laura
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2018
Subjects: memory
human rights
history
technological innovations

description: Second semester University:
description: Memories of the past are crucial for human rights work in the present. They provide justifications for the promotion of universal human rights values and serve as basis for the principle of ‘never again’. However, in order to ensure the preservation of memories over time and across generations, the ways of mediating them need to be constantly adapted and readjusted. For the digital age this means that new forms of mediation need to be developed which are capable of transmitting memories of the mainly analogue past to generations of a digital present, digital natives. The questions this thesis seeks to answer therefore revolve around how and to what extent virtual tours through memorial sites can and do serve as mediators of memory in a digital age, this way adding a transnational dimension to the notion of memory itself. Two such virtual tours will be analyzed according to Mayring’s technique of structuring content analysis through deductive category application.
Womens rights in the implementation of the victims' and land restitution law : the transformative potential of gender justice in the land restitution programme in Colombia
Creators: name: Au, Anne Kathrin : Von
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2013
Subjects: gender discrimination
land reform
restitution
transitional justice
women
Colombia

description: Second semester University: University of Deusto, Bilbao.
description: This paper studies the existence of elements of gender justice in the ongoing land restitution process in Colombia, in order to analyse the potential of the Land Restitution Programme to contribute to the elimination of structural violence against women and the resulting gender inequalities. In this context, the sources of the analysis comprises the Victims' and Land Restitution Law of 2011, the imple- mentation programmes by the Land Restitution Unit, and the sentences by the specialized judges for land restitution. The paper argues that although the land restitution programme represents an opportunity to improve the situation for displaced women and contains elements of gender justice that could contribute to the elimination of structural forms of discrimination and exclusion of women in the Colombian society, there are obstacles that could diminish the transformative potential of the land restitution process if not taken into account and tackled in the right way in the implementation programmes and the land restitution cases
Structure symmetry determination and magnetic evolution in $\rm Sr_2Ir_{1-x}Rh_{x}O_4$
Creators: name: Ye, Feng
name: Wang, Xiaoping
name: Hoffmann, Christina
name: Wang, Jinchen
name: Chi, Songxue
name: Matsuda, Masaaki
name: Chakoumakos, Bryan C.
name: Fernandez-Baca, Jaime A.
name: Cao, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use single-crystal neutron diffraction to determine the crystal structure symmetry and the magnetic evolution in the rhodium doped iridates $\rm Sr_2Ir_{1-x}Rh_{x}O_4$ ($0\leq x \leq 0.16$). Throughout this doping range, the crystal structure retains a tetragonal symmetry (space group $I4_1/a$) with two distinct magnetic Ir sites in the unit cell forming staggered $\rm IrO_6$ rotation. Upon Rh doping, the magnetic order is suppressed and the magnetic moment of Ir$^{4+}$ is reduced from 0.21 $\rm μ_B$/Ir for $x=0$ to 0.18 $\rm μ_B$/Ir for $x=0.12$. The magnetic structure at $x=0.12$ is different from that of the parent compound while the moments remain in the basal plane.
description: Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. B
"If there'll be peace all the 'Arsim will come": the case for furthering dialogue in the Israeli periphery between Mizrahim and Palestianian-Israelis
Creators: name: Ohayon, Leeor
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2016
Subjects: ethnic relations
Israel

description: Second semester University: University of Hamburg.
description: Within Israeli society, Mizrahim are type-casted as the embodiment of anti-Arab prejudice in which ultra-nationalist voting patterns and hawkish views serve as an obstacle towards peace. However, such a depiction is problematic given that such an explanation provides little explanation as to how such attitudes have manifested amongst Mizrahim, as a group of an Arab cultural identity. Consequentially, this thesis asserts the argument that Mizrahi anti-Arabness is a symptom not a cause, as a product of Israeli ethnocratic state structures that maintain a preference for the Ashkenazi hegemonic class at the expense of Mizrahim and Palestinian-Israelis, who are subject to structural and cultural violence that manifests through the periphery, in which they coinhabit. A system of violence results in human rights violations that exacerbate socioeconomic inequality and in turn perpetuates a micro-conflict between Mizrahim and Palestinian-Israelis as groups that form the lower strata of the ethno-class hierarchy. Mizrahim, owing to historic conditions, view Palestinian-Israelis as an immediate threat to their mobility and interests within the ethno-class hierarchy. Applying conflict theories to the New Mizrahi Discourse, this thesis seeks to provide a different lens for looking at Israel’s internal conflicts, as a series of interconnected human rights based struggle, whose resolve relies on the construction of dialogue initiatives conducive to the Mizrahi-Palestinian environment and outside of current Ashkenazi-Zionist binaries.
Decoding the Threat Landscape : ChatGPT, FraudGPT, and WormGPT in Social Engineering Attacks
Creators: name: Falade, Polra Victor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In the ever-evolving realm of cybersecurity, the rise of generative AI models like ChatGPT, FraudGPT, and WormGPT has introduced both innovative solutions and unprecedented challenges. This research delves into the multifaceted applications of generative AI in social engineering attacks, offering insights into the evolving threat landscape using the blog mining technique. Generative AI models have revolutionized the field of cyberattacks, empowering malicious actors to craft convincing and personalized phishing lures, manipulate public opinion through deepfakes, and exploit human cognitive biases. These models, ChatGPT, FraudGPT, and WormGPT, have augmented existing threats and ushered in new dimensions of risk. From phishing campaigns that mimic trusted organizations to deepfake technology impersonating authoritative figures, we explore how generative AI amplifies the arsenal of cybercriminals. Furthermore, we shed light on the vulnerabilities that AI-driven social engineering exploits, including psychological manipulation, targeted phishing, and the crisis of authenticity. To counter these threats, we outline a range of strategies, including traditional security measures, AI-powered security solutions, and collaborative approaches in cybersecurity. We emphasize the importance of staying vigilant, fostering awareness, and strengthening regulations in the battle against AI-enhanced social engineering attacks. In an environment characterized by the rapid evolution of AI models and a lack of training data, defending against generative AI threats requires constant adaptation and the collective efforts of individuals, organizations, and governments. This research seeks to provide a comprehensive understanding of the dynamic interplay between generative AI and social engineering attacks, equipping stakeholders with the knowledge to navigate this intricate cybersecurity landscape.
description: 185 - 198 pages
Leaving ethnic minority students behind : a study of the Danish education system
Creators: name: Dalgaard, Anja Therese
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2014
Subjects: discrimination in education
Denmark
ethnic discrimination

description: Second semester University: Eotvos Lorand University, Budapest.
description: Denmark provides free and compulsory education for all children, which is in compliance with international human rights law. But statistics reveal that students with an immigrant background perform lower as a group than ethnic Danish students. Therefore, this thesis investigates how the lower results of ethnic minority students in the Danish public primary and lower secondary school may be explained. The aim is to determine whether the Danish state is violating ethnic minority students’ right to education free from discrimination. According to research ethnic minority students perform better in schools in countries with a high adoption of multicultural policies. Therefore, the Danish laws and policies in the field of integration and education are assessed from the perspective of multiculturalism, and discussed with findings from a fieldwork conducted in the Danish school. Based on the analyses of this thesis it can be concluded that the Danish state has a high adoption of policies aimed at assimilating the minority with the majority, rather than recognising and accommodating the cultural and linguistic specificities of ethnic minority groups, due to a perception of Denmark as a monocultural state. Negative preconceptions and stereotypical understandings of ethnic minority groups are constructed on the level of policy and legislation. These are reproduced on the local level where the teachers have adopted the negative preconceptions of members of ethnic minority groups, hereby denying ethnic minority students a genuine opportunity for performing well in school.
Capparis parviflora J. D. Hooker & Thomson 1872
Creators: name: Kottaimuthu, Ramalingam
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Brassicales
Capparaceae
Capparis
Capparis parviflora

description: Capparis parviflora J. D. Hooker & Thomson (1872: 176)
 Lectotype (first-step designated by Jacobs 1965: 477):— INDIA, Shevagherry Hills (Sivagiri Hills), Herbarium Wight Peninsulae Orientalis No. 70 (K two sheets); second-step lectotype, designated here; Barcode K000247321!; isolectotypes K000247320! & HUH00042271! (GH-Digital image!).
Distribution:— INDIA (Kerala and Tamil Nadu). Endemic.
 Note: Hooker & Thomson (1872: 176) originally described the species as Capparis parviflora J. D. Hooker & Thomson, which is a later homonym of Capparis parviflora Boisser (1843: 4). Hence, Sundararagahavan (1982) proposed a new name as Capparis shevaroyensis Sundararaghavan (1982: 72.) based on Jacobs (1965) who misunderstood and erroneously stated the type locality as Shevaroys instead of Shevagherry (Sivagiri Hills). Moreover, hitherto this species has not been reported from Shevaroys (Senthilkumar & Krishnamurthy 1993, Pullaiah & Rao 2001). But as per ICN Article 51 (McNeill et al. 2012) the name is valid and treated as accepted name.
description: Published as part of Kottaimuthu, Ramalingam, 2018, Second-step lectotypification of the name Capparis parviflora J. D. Hooker & Thomson (Capparaceae), pp. 92-94 in Phytotaxa 349 (1) on page 92, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.349.1.12, http://zenodo.org/record/13707417
Sogana robustocarina Liang & Wang 2008
Creators: name: Constant, Jerome
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Tropiduchidae
Sogana
Sogana robustocarina

description: Sogana robustocarina Liang & Wang, 2008 (Fig. 3) Sogana robustocarina Liang & Wang, 2008: 40. Geographical data (Liang & Wang, 2008). Malaysia, Sabah (Borneo) Kalabakan (coordinates: 4°25'N 117°29'E); Keningau (erroneously spelled “Keningan” in Liang & Wang, 2008) (coordinates: 5°20'N 116°10'E).
description: Published as part of Constant, Jerome, 2010, Sogana from the Greater Sunda (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Tropiduchidae), pp. 63-68 in Zootaxa 2693 (1) on page 67, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2693.1.6, http://zenodo.org/record/5303633
description: {"references": ["Liang, A. - P. & Wang, R. R. (2008) A review of the Oriental planthopper genus Sogana Matsumura 1914 (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Tropiduchidae) with description of three new species. Zootaxa, 1732, 29 - 44."]}