cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Digitization of sunspot drawings by Spörer made in 1861-1894
Creators: name: Diercke, Andrea
name: Arlt, Rainer
name: Denker, Carsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Most of our knowledge about the Sun's activity cycle arises from sunspot observations over the last centuries since telescopes have been used for astronomy. The German astronomer Gustav Spörer observed almost daily the Sun from 1861 until the beginning of 1894 and assembled a 33-year collection of sunspot data covering a total of 445 solar rotation periods. These sunspot drawings were carefully placed on an equidistant grid of heliographic longitude and latitude for each rotation period, which were then copied to copper plates for a lithographic reproduction of the drawings in astronomical journals. In this article, we describe in detail the process of capturing these data as digital images, correcting for various effects of the aging print materials, and preparing the data for contemporary scientific analysis based on advanced image processing techniques. With the processed data we create a butterfly diagram aggregating sunspot areas, and we present methods to measure the size of sunspots (umbra and penumbra) and to determine tilt angles of active regions. A probability density function of the sunspot area is computed, which conforms to contemporary data after rescaling.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomische Nachrichten/Astronomical Notes
Resilience of irrigated agricultural systems to climate change challenges in central-eastern region of Tunisia
Creators: name: Jeder, Houcine
name: Hamza, Emna Ben
name: Belhouchette, Hatem
name: Mzoughi, Aida
name: Jeder, Houcine
name: Hamza, Emna Ben
name: Belhouchette, Hatem
name: Mzoughi, Aida
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: climate change
subject: resilience
subject: modeling
subject: agricultural production system
subject: central-eastern of Tunisia

description: Tunisia is among the Mediterranean countries that are threatened by climate change. The agricultural sector is the economic sector that will be most affected by this phenomenon. Thinking of adequate adaptation policies to increase the resilience of certain agricultural production systems is a fundamental condition for ensuring the sustainability of agricultural activity, especially irrigated agriculture. To assess the degree of resilience of irrigated agricultural production systems in the centraleastern region of Tunisia, case of Kalâa Kebira, a bio-economic model was applied to analyze the impact of two scenarios. The first represents only the variation of climate change while in the second one, we add an integrated policy based on the pricing of irrigation water and the subsidy of the purchase cost of seasonal potato seeds. The results of the simulation confirmed the negative economic and environmental impacts of climate change on small scale intensive farms and also large farms in general. The intervention of the public government through an integrated policy is likely to improve the degree of resilience of farms through a compromise between the economic objective (the agricultural income) and the environmental objective (soil salinity) for semi-intensive farms in the study area.
Frenkel Line and Solubility Maximum in Supercritical Fluids
Creators: name: Yang, C.
name: Brazhkin, V. V.
name: Dove, M. T.
name: Trachenko, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new dynamic line, the Frenkel line, has recently been proposed to separate the supercritical state into rigid-liquid and non-rigid gas-like uid. The location of Frenkel line on the phase diagram is unknown for real uids. Here, we map the Frenkel line for three important systems: CO2, H2O and CH4. This provides an important demarcation on the phase diagram of these systems, the demarcation that separates two distinct physical states with liquid-like and gas-like properties. We find that the Frenkel line can have similar trend as the melting line above the critical pressure. Moreover, we discuss the relationship between unexplained solubility maxima and Frenkel line, and propose that the Frenkel line corresponds to the optimal conditions for solubility.
Health care disparities for incarcerated adults after a suicide attempt
Creators: name: Higgins, George E.
name: Fedock, Gina
name: Garthe, Rachel
name: Wilson, Amy Blank
name: Lewis, Cashell
Publisher: name: Wiley
Year: 2021

description: OBJECTIVE: Incarcerated adults have high rates of fatal and nonfatal suicidal behaviors. Suicide prevention recommendations stress the need for the provision of health care for incarcerated adults after suicide attempts, yet prison policies and practices often focus instead on punitive responses to suicidal behaviors. Existing research is limited regarding factors that predict the provision of health care to incarcerated adults post-suicide attempt. The current study examined individual, incident, and institutional factors as predictors of health care to incarcerated adults post-suicide attempt. METHOD: We used data from critical incidents reports for suicide attempts (NÂ =Â 495) to conduct mixed-effects logistical regression models. RESULTS: Staff responded to suicide attempts by placing incarcerated adults under direct observation (with no care) or in segregation at odds two and three times higher than of providing health care, particularly in prisons for men. Race was a significant factor; incidents involving Black men were less likely than incidents involving white men to include staff requesting health care, and incidents involving Black women were less likely than incidents involving white women to include requesting and providing health care. CONCLUSIONS: This study's findings highlight factors predicting health care responses to suicide attempts and the need to address and prevent health care disparities in prisons.
Topological properties and the dynamical crossover from mixed-valence to Kondo-lattice behavior in golden phase of SmS
Creators: name: Kang, Chang-Jong
name: Choi, Hong Chul
name: Kim, Kyoo
name: Min, B. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have investigated temperature-dependent behaviors of electronic structure and resistivity in a mixed-valent golden phase of SmS, based on the dynamical mean-field theory band structure calculations. Upon cooling, the coherent Sm 4$f$ bands are formed to produce the hybridization induced pseudogap near the Fermi level, and accordingly the topology of Fermi surface is changed to exhibit a Lifshitz-like transition. The surface states emerging in the bulk gap region are found to be not topologically protected states but just typical Rashba spin-polarized states, indicating that SmS is not a topological Kondo semimetal. From the analysis of anomalous resistivity behavior in SmS, we have identified universal energy scales, which characterize the Kondo/mixed-valent semimetallic systems.
description: 5 + 5 pages, 3 + 4 figures
Pricing behavior in a mixed spatial duopsony with an agricultural cooperative under asymmetric information
Creators: name: Panagiotou, Dimitrios
name: Panagiotou, Dimitrios
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: mixed spatial duopsony
subject: asymmetric information
subject: cooperatives
subject: coordination cost
subject: investor owned firms

description: The present study examines the pricing behavior of an investor owned firm (IOF) in a mixed spatial duopsonistic game with an agricultural cooperative (COOP), under asymmetric/incomplete information. Results indicate that, the higher is the probability that the coordination cost per member of the COOP is high, the higher are the profits and the market share for the IOF, both under accommodation and under entry deterrence. Accordingly, the IOF has a vested interest in creating a "bad" reputation regarding the COOP’s member coordination cost. Hence, unlike the findings of the relevant literature that COOPs act as disciplinarians for the IOFs under complete information, in the present mixed spatial game of asymmetric information, IOFs might increase their profits as compared to the outcome of the equivalent game of complete information.
A Systematic Review of Interventions Targeting Criminogenic Risk Factors Among Persons With Serious Mental Illness
Creators: name: Parisi, Anna
name: Phillips, Jon
name: Dohler, Ehren
name: Wilson, Amy Blank
name: Villodas, Melissa
Publisher: name: American Psychiatric Association Publishing
Year: 2021

description: OBJECTIVE: Individuals with serious mental illness are overrepresented in the criminal justice system. Research has found that interventions targeting risk factors for recidivism (i.e., criminogenic risks) reduce justice involvement in the general correctional population. However, more needs to be learned regarding use of these interventions among individuals with serious mental illness. To this end, this systematic review synthesized research on interventions that target criminogenic risk factors and are delivered to justice-involved individuals with serious mental illness. METHODS: A systematic search of six computerized bibliographic databases from inception to 2021 yielded 8,360 potentially relevant studies. Title and abstract screening, full-text reviews, and data extraction were performed independently, and discrepancies were resolved through discussion. To identify additional articles meeting inclusion criteria, experts in the field were contacted, and reference-harvesting techniques were used. Study quality was assessed with the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. RESULTS: Twenty-one studies were identified that evaluated nine interventions delivered to justice-involved individuals with serious mental illness. All identified programs targeted criminogenic risk factors, were group based, and used cognitive-behavioral strategies. Study quality was moderate to high. Interventions were associated with improvements in recidivism, violence, and criminogenic risk factors. CONCLUSIONS: This review is the first to evaluate interventions targeting criminogenic risks among justice-involved individuals with serious mental illness. Findings suggest that outcomes associated with these interventions are promising. Given the overrepresentation of persons with serious mental illness in the criminal justice system, these findings provide an important step toward identifying services that curb justice involvement in this population.
Enhancing fractal descriptors on images by combining boundary and interior of Minkowski dilation
Creators: name: Oliveira, Marcos W. S.
name: Casanova, Dalcimar
name: Florindo, João B.
name: Bruno, Odemir Martinez
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This work proposes to obtain novel fractal descriptors from gray-level texture images by combining information from interior and boundary measures of the Minkowski dilation applied to the texture surface. At first, the image is converted into a surface where the height of each point is the gray intensity of the respective pixel in that position in the image. Thus, this surface is morphologically dilated by spheres. The radius of such spheres is ranged within an interval and the volume and the external area of the dilated structure are computed for each radius. The final descriptors are given by such measures concatenated and subject to a canonical transform to reduce the dimensionality. The proposal is an enhancement to the classical Bouligand-Minkowski fractal descriptors, where only the volume (interior) information is considered. As different structures may have the same volume, but not the same area, the proposal yields to more rich descriptors as confirmed by results on the classification of benchmark databases.
description: 6 pages 3 figures
Policy gaps and opportunities: A systematic review of autism spectrum disorder and criminal justice intersections
Creators: name: Railey, Kirsten S.
name: Cooper, Dylan S.
name: Zimmerman, Emily
name: Wilson, Amy Blank
name: Maras, Katie
name: Bornman, Juan
name: Uppal, Disha
name: Shea, Lindsay
Publisher: name: SAGE Publications
Year: 2022

description: LAY ABSTRACT: The number of people with autism spectrum disorder has increased, and as this population ages, research is showing high rates of contact with the criminal justice system among this group. Social and communication differences that autistic individuals experience can act as a risk factor during these interactions, as shown by public reports of negative and violent encounters between autistic individuals and the law enforcement. There is a clear need for evidence-based strategies to reduce high rates of contact and to improve outcomes when an interaction occurs. This article provides a systematic review of research on autism spectrum disorder and criminal justice system to compile this evidence base. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis structure was used to identify 89 articles after searching six databases. The Sequential Intercept Model describes the criminal justice system as different stages, or intercepts, that are connected, and the Sequential Intercept Model serves as an overall framework to organize the included articles. Articles were analyzed to identify research themes at each intercept, which offer guidance for policy and program changes that support equitable justice for autistic individuals.
Redefining integration of the European dairy markets: do they converge?
Creators: name: Karelakis, Christos
name: Karelakis, Christos
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Industrial Organization
subject: cointegration
subject: Purchasing Power Parity
subject: dairy markets
subject: convergence

description: The European dairy market has received inefficient protection through the years within the context of significant policy reforms. Until the next reform, the various protection measures will be gradually dismantled, fostering the competitiveness of the sector. The present paper exploits the prospects of an integrated European dairy market with the investigation of the price behaviour for EU countries through the Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) and the assistance of the Johansen cointegration technique. Three major groups of dairy markets have been identified for which a single cointegration vector is confirmed. The results validate the existence of a long-run relationship among real exchange rates based on dairy prices for these groups of countries, whereas, weakly exogenous variables existed across all groups, offering the other countries within each group, protection against external shocks and adversaries of price volatility.
Patterns in Medicaid Coverage and Service Utilization Among People with Serious Mental Illnesses
Creators: name: Villodas, Melissa
name: Parisi, Anna
name: Francis, Annie
name: Ishler, Karen J.
name: Wilson, Amy Blank
name: Phillips, Jonathan
Publisher: name: Springer Nature
Year: 2021

description: Disruptions in Medicaid adversely affect service use and outcomes among individuals with serious mental illnesses (SMI).
A retrospective longitudinal study examined Medicaid coverage and service utilization patterns among individuals with
SMI (N = 8358) from 2007 to 2010. Only 36% of participants were continuously enrolled in Medicaid and 20% experienced
multiple enrollment disruptions. Mental health diagnosis did not predict continuous coverage; however, individuals with
schizophrenia were 19% more likely to have multiple coverage disruptions than those with depression (b = − 0.21; p < 0.01).
Single and multiple coverage disruptions were associated with decreased rates of outpatient service days utilized (IRR = 0.77
and 0.65, respectively, p < 0.001) and decreased odds of not using acute care services (OR 0.26 and 0.19, respectively,
p < 0.001). Future research should explore mechanisms underlying Medicaid stability and develop interventions that facilitate
insurance stability and service utilization.
Accountability in Intervention Research: Developing a Fidelity Checklist of a Mental Health Intervention in Prisons
Creators: name: Parisi, Anna
name: Phillips, Jonathan
name: Wilson, Amy Blank
name: Francis, Annie Maria
name: Givens, Ashley D.
name: Villodas, Melissa
Publisher: name: Springer Nature
Year: 2021

description: Adherence to intervention content and delivery protocols is vital in establishing the efficacy of treatment programs for mental
illnesses. Using a fidelity tool during interventions can substantially increase the likelihood of clients receiving the most
scientifically rigorous treatment. This article outlines the steps taken to develop a fidelity checklist to measure treatment
adherence of a two-part intervention delivered in a prison setting. Researchers followed the five-step guide by Feely et al.
(Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal, 35(2), 139–152: 2018) and describe the process of developing a fidelity tool
to measure treatment adherence to a newly adapted CBT-based intervention designed to maximize uptake for participants
with serious mental illnesses. Key decision points are discussed, along with final decisions and contextual considerations. A
26-item checklist was developed to measure treatment adherence related to process, content, and adaptations of the intervention.
The checklist follows the structure of the CBT intervention, as well as provides flexibility for the delivery adaptations.
Pilot testing of the checklist revealed all sessions were implemented with at least 85% fidelity, and 90% of sessions were
implemented with at least 90% fidelity. Raters agreed on the fidelity of a session in 99.6% of sessions. Contextual considerations
included the highly secure study setting, reconciling the constant monitoring of a group and creating a treatment
environment, the flexibility mandated by the intervention, the relative newness of the intervention, and the limitations based
on study aims and resources. These results illustrate how study specific considerations and challenges can be successfully
navigated in the development and deployment of a fidelity tool in a real-world setting. The fidelity checklist achieved our goal
of measuring treatment adherence for this intervention. In the development of a fidelity tool, we recommend leaving space for
raters to note specific considerations that disrupt facilitators’ ability to deploy the intervention precisely. Measuring fidelity
is imperative for mental health interventions to ensure that the treatment is responsible for the changes observed in clients.
Solid-state diffusion in amorphous zirconolite
Creators: name: Yang, C.
name: Zarkadoula, E.
name: Dove, M. T.
name: Todorov, I. T.
name: Geisler, T.
name: Brazhkin, V. V.
name: Trachenko, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss how structural disorder and amorphization affects solid-state diffusion, and consider zirconolite as a currently important case study. By performing extensive molecular dynamics simulations, we disentangle the effects of amorphization and density, and show that a profound increase of solid-state diffusion takes place as a result of amorphization. Importantly, this can take place at the same density as in the crystal, representing an interesting general insight regarding solid-state diffusion. We find that decreasing the density in the amorphous system increases pre-factors of diffusion constants, but not decreasing the activation energy. We also find that atomic species in zirconolite are affected differently by amorphization and density change. Our microscopic insights are relevant for understanding how solid-state diffusion changes due to disorder and for building predictive models of operation of materials to be used to encapsulate nuclear waste.
PreVR: Variable-Distance Previews for Higher-Order Disocclusion in VR
Creators: name: Liao, Shuqi
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 460708
subject: Virtual and mixed reality
classificationCode: 460806
subject: Human-computer interaction
classificationCode: 460702
subject: Computer graphics

description: This thesis is an elaboration of my work from the submitted paper “PreVR: Variable-Distance Previews for Higher-Order Disocclusion in VR” (Liao et al., 2023a). This work introduces PreVR, a method for allowing the user of a VR application to preview a virtual environment (VE) around any number of corners. This way the user can gain line of sight to any part of the VE, no matter how distant or how heavily occluded it is. PreVR relies on a multiperspective visualization that implements a higher-order disocclusion effect with piecewise linear rays that bend multiple times as needed to reach the visualization target. PreVR was evaluated in a user study (N = 88) that investigates four points on the VR interface design continuum defined by the maximum disocclusion order δ. In a first control condition (CC0), δ = 0, corresponds to conventional VR exploration with no preview capability. In a second control condition (CC1), δ = 1, corresponds to the prior art approach of giving the user a preview around the first corner. In a first experimental condition (EC3), δ = 3, so PreVR provided up to third-order disocclusion. In a second experimental condition (ECN), δ was not capped, so PreVR could provide a disocclusion effect of any order, as needed to reach any location in the VE. Participants searched for a stationary target, for a dynamic target moving on a random continuous trajectory, and for a transient dynamic target that appeared at random locations in the maze and disappeared 5s later. The study quantified VE exploration efficiency with four metrics: viewpoint translation, view direction rotation, number of teleportations, and task completion time. Results show that the previews afforded by PreVR bring a significant VE exploration efficiency advantage. ECN outperforms EC3, CC1, and CC0 for all metrics and all tasks, and EC3 frequently outperforms CC1 and CC0.
Landau damping
Creators: name: Wesson, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Landau damping is calculated using real variables, clarifying the physical mechanism.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures. The following article has been submitted to Physics of Plasmas. After it is published it will be found at http://scitation.aip.org/content/aip/journal/pop/browse
Lehrerinnen- und Lehrerbildung in der Berufseingangsphase
Creators: name: Keller-Schneider, Manuela
name: Hericks, Uwe
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Berufseingangsphase
Entwicklungsaufgaben
Mentoring
Lehrerbildung
Professionsentwicklung
Lehrerinnenbildung
Professionsforschung
Berufseinstieg

description: Die Berufseingangsphase schließt an die Erstausbildung zum Lehrerinnen- und Lehrerberuf an. Bedingt durch die sprunghaft ansteigende Komplexität der eigenverantwortlichen beruflichen Tätigkeit stellen sich Anforderungen, die von Berufseinsteigenden als Entwicklungsaufgaben bearbeitet werden müssen. Angebote einer begleiteten Berufseingangsphase unterstützen die Lehrpersonen in ihrer weiteren Professionalisierung.
description: +repphzhbib2020A
Value Chain Analysis for Four Wheat Landraces (Karakılçık, Sarı Bursa, Sarı Buğday, Üveyik) in Turkey
Creators: name: Morgunov, Alexey
Publisher: name: ITPGRFA
Year: 2020
Subjects: ITPGRFA-BSF
TUR
Value chain
Markets
Farmers
Landraces
Wheat
W2B-PR-41
Breeding
Native varieties
Health
Restoration
Private sector

description: This study is part of the Report developed as part of the project "Improving food security by enhancing wheat production and its resilience to climate change through maintaining the diversity of currently grown landraces" funded  the 3rd  cycle of the Benefit Sharing Fund (BSF) of the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (ITPGRFA) of the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) with financial support from the European Union (EU).

The report examines four of the top ten wheat landraces still cultivated in Turkey. The fieldwork for the study was carried out in May and July 2019, and involved participant observation at local farmers and grains markets, semi-structured and informal interviews with farmers, mayors, municipality staff, bakers, non-profit organization representatives, online food and consumer groups, traders, farmer-traders, millers, business owners as well as local consumers. The fieldwork was carried out in Adapazarı, Amasya (Suluova), Ankara, Balıkesir, Çanakkale (Bayramiç, Biga), Çankırı (Yapraklı), Istanbul, Kastamonu (Tosya), Malatya (Arguvan) and Tokat (center, Turhal, Zile).

There is a growing interest in wheat landraces for health reasons and quest for better grains as well as nostalgia and patriotism involved with the revival and conservation of ancestor wheat (and Anatolian seeds). These narratives are reflected by various actors in terms of their involvement for revival and cultivation of these wheat landraces. There are local markets previously established for karakılçık, sarı bursa, sarı buğday and üveyik
Concrete Solution to the Nonsingular Quartic Binary Moment Problem
Creators: name: Curto, Raul E.
name: Yoo, Seonguk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 47

description: Given real numbers $β\equiv β^{\left( 4\right) }\colon β_{00}$, $β_{10}$, $β_{01}$, $β_{20}$, $β_{11}$, $ β_{02}$, $β_{30}$, $β_{21}$, $β_{12}$, $β_{03}$, $β_{40}$, $β_{31}$, $β_{22}$, $β_{13}$, $β_{04}$, with $β_{00} >0$, the quartic real moment problem for $β$ entails finding conditions for the existence of a positive Borel measure $μ$, supported in $\mathbb{R}^2$, such that $β_{ij}=\int s^{i}t^{j}\,dμ\;\;(0\leq i+j\leq 4) $. Let $\mathcal{M}(2)$ be the 6 x 6 moment matrix for $β^{(4)}$, given by $\mathcal{M}(2)_{\mathbf{i},\mathbf{j}}:=β_{\mathbf{i}+\mathbf{j}}$, where $\mathbf{i},\mathbf{j} \in \mathbb{Z}^2_+$ and $\left|\mathbf{i}\right|,\left|\mathbf{j}\right|\le 2$. In this note we find concrete representing measures for $β^{(4)}$ when $\mathcal{M}(2)$ is nonsingular; moreover, we prove that it is possible to ensure that one such representing measure is 6-atomic.
Agricultural Productivity in Cuba after a Decade of Reforms
Creators: name: Gonzalez-Corzo, Mario
name: Gonzalez-Corzo, Mario
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: Cuban agriculture
subject: agricultural productivity
subject: agricultural reforms

description: Agricultural reforms are one of the principal elements of Cuba’s efforts to “update” its socialist economy since 2007. As in other post-socialist transition economies, these reforms have directly impacted agricultural output and yields. This paper analyzes the evolution of agricultural yields in Cuba during the 2007-2017 period. Our analysis demonstrates that Cuba’s agricultural yields declined during the first five years after the implementation of the reforms, but recovered during the following five year period. While the agricultural reforms introduced in Cuba since 2007 represent a transition towards a more decentralized (and efficient) agricultural model, the recovery of Cuban agriculture requires more profound, far-reaching, institutional and structural reforms, particularly in key areas such as property relations, foreign investment, and the roles of the market and the state.
Technical Efficiency Measurement in Broiler Chicken Production System: A Case Study in Epirus, Greece
Creators: name: Hatzizisis, L.
name: Dotas, V.
name: Zagorakis, K.
name: Gourdouvelis, D.
name: Dotas, D.
name: Hatzizisis, L.
name: Dotas, V.
name: Zagorakis, K.
name: Gourdouvelis, D.
name: Dotas, D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Production Economics
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: broilers
subject: DEA
subject: CRS-VRS models
subject: production systems
subject: technical efficiency

description: The aim of this study was to determine the Technical Efficiency (TE) and Scale Efficiency (SE) of broiler farms (DMUs) in Epirus Region of Greece, calculating the margin at which the farms may increase the output based on certain quantities of inputs. The data were gathered by questionnaires and face to face interviews. A representative sample of 110 broiler farms from Arta, Ioannina and Preveza Regional Units randomly selected by using the Neyman’s allocation method of stratified sampling. TE and SE of DMUs were determined using an output-oriented Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) approach. Results showed that the applied broiler meat productive system of Epirus is intensive, large scale and characterized by high capital investment, high quantities of used feeds and high rate of efficiency. Output is significantly affected by the quantity of used feeds and the average working capital. TE under Constant Return Scale (CRS) and Variable Return Scale (VRS) models runs up to 0.79 and 0.85, respectively and SE score rises up to 0.94 meaning that the inefficiency is only 6%. Feeding Cost (FC) and Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR) are highlighted as strongly (p≤0.01) related variables with the TE and SE. Further increase of TE must be focused on the improvement of FCR and on better utilization of infrastructure and equipment in general.
ARRIVE guidelines - Systemic Treatment with Cigarette Smoke Extract Affects Zebrafish Visual Behaviour, Intraocular Vasculature Morphology and Outer Segment Phagocytosis
Creators: name: Gómez Sánchez, Alicia
name: Colucci, Patrizia
name: Moran, Ailis
name: Moya López, Alexandro
name: Colligris, Basilio
name: Álvarez, Yolanda
name: Kennedy, Breandán N.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Smoking
Visual behaviour
Zebrafish
Retina
Oxidative stress

description: ARRIVE guidelines checklist of the experiments described in the article "Systemic Treatment with Cigarette Smoke Extract Affects Zebrafish Visual Behaviour, Intraocular Vasculature Morphology and Outer Segment Phagocytosis".
Preventing and improving interactions between autistic individuals and the criminal justice system: A roadmap for research
Creators: name: Shea, Lindsay Lawer
name: Cooper, Dylan
name: Wilson, Amy Blank
Publisher: name: Wiley
Year: 2021

description: Researchers have identified that autistic individuals are encountering the criminal justice system as victims, offenders, and witnesses at high rates. The prevalence of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is increasing and generating a comprehensive approach to addressing criminal justice system involvement among autistic individuals is a timely and urgent need. Revisions to an established framework generated for use among individuals with mental health diagnoses, the sequential Intercept Model (SIM), were produced by an international consortium of interdisciplinary stakeholders presenting a new opportunity to identify gaps in ASD research and generate preventive solutions across the criminal justice system. The revised SIM maps each criminal justice system component, or Intercept, and includes paths for the experiences of autistic individuals as victims or witnesses to crimes as well as offenders to catalyze new and interdisciplinary research, policy, and practice efforts. As the field of ASD research continues to grow, the revised SIM is a promising pathway to avoiding siloed research approaches, including diverse autistic voices, and contributing to international dialogue about criminal justice reform at a critical juncture. LAY SUMMARY: Autistic individuals are encountering the criminal justice system as victims, offenders, and witnesses at high rates. A revised version of the SIM generated by an international consortium provides a cohesive framework to ensure research focused on this topic extends across the criminal justice system. Preventing and improving interactions between autistic individuals and the criminal justice system is an urgent research, policy, and practice need.
Pressure induced superconductivity on the border of magnetic order in MnP
Creators: name: Cheng, J. -G.
name: Matsubayashi, K.
name: Wu, W.
name: Sun, J. P.
name: Lin, F. K.
name: Luo, J. L.
name: Uwatoko, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the discovery of superconductivity on the border of long-range magnetic order in the itinerant-electron helimagnet MnP via the application of high pressure. Superconductivity with Tsc~1 K emerges and exists merely near the critical pressure Pc~8 GPa, where the long-range magnetic order just vanishes. The present finding makes MnP the first Mn-based superconductor. The close proximity of superconductivity to a magnetic instability suggests an unconventional pairing mechanism. Moreover, the detailed analysis of the normal-state transport properties evidenced non-Fermi-liquid behavior and the dramatic enhancement of the quasi-particle effective mass near Pc associated with the magnetic quantum fluctuations.
description: 5 figures
Promises and Pitfalls of a New Early Warning System for Gentrification in Buffalo, NY
Creators: name: Vergara, Jan Voltaire
name: Joseph, Kenneth
name: Wilson, Amy Blank
name: Dohler, Ehren
name: Villodas, Melissa
name: Rodriguez, Maria Y.
name: Phillips, Jonathan
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2021

description: Gentrification and its resultant displacement are one of the many "wicked problems" of social policy. The study of gentrification and displacement spans half a century, concerns a variety of spatial, temporal, and social contexts, and describes socio-political processes of across the globe and throughout history. One current iteration of this field of inquiry are efforts to identify "early indicators" of gentrification and/or displacement, or the creation of "early warning systems" (EWS). The current work adds to scholarship on the utility of developing an EWS by examining the methodological considerations required for such systems to serve a justice-oriented preventative role.
Insolvency prediction for Portuguese agro-industrial SME: Tree Bagging Methodology
Creators: name: Canto, José Augusto
name: Silva, Amélia Cristina Ferreira
name: Leite, Gabriela
name: Machado-Santos, Carlos
name: Canto, José Augusto
name: Silva, Amélia Cristina Ferreira
name: Leite, Gabriela
name: Machado-Santos, Carlos
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: Industrial Organization
subject: insolvency
subject: bagging
subject: decision tree
subject: overfitting
subject: agro-industrial
subject: financial indicators

description: The aim of this study lies on the empirical application of the tree bagging methodology, in order to predict the insolvency of Portuguese Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SME) in the agro-industrial sector, one year in advance. The database consists of financial indicators of 243 companies, available at SABI (Iberian Balance Analysis System), all from agro-industrial sector. The proposed model reveals a robust result when compared with traditional parametric models. The results show that two indicators – “short-term liquidity” and “capacity to generate results appropriate to the size” – were the most statistically relevant, both in the Proposed Model and the Logistic Regression model.
Total factor productivity change of agriculture in five Southern European countries
Creators: name: Reziti, Ioanna
name: Reziti, Ioanna
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Färe-Primont index
subject: total factor productivity
subject: scale-mixed efficiency
subject: technological change

description: The aim of this paper is to compute the Total Factor Productivity (TFP) change in the agricultural sector of five Southern European countries (Greece, Spain, Italy, Cyprus and Portugal) during 2007-2018. We measure TFP change using the Färe-Primont index that satisfies a set of basic axioms from index theory (e.g., identity, proportionality, transitivity). By decomposing this index, estimates of technical change and technical efficiency as well as scale and mix efficiency are obtained. The results show that Cyprus is the most productive country and the only one that experiences an increase in TFP due to both technical progress and improvement in scale and mix efficiency. The rest of the countries face TFP declines over time due to declining scale and mix efficiency. Technical progress was not adequate to offset the deterioration in efficiency. Policy implications of these results are that countries should continue to pursue technical progress and to improve scale and mix efficiency by changing at least one input and at least one output.
Shot-by-shot imaging of Hong-Ou-Mandel interference with an intensified sCMOS camera
Creators: name: Jachura, Michał
name: Chrapkiewicz, Radosław
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the first observation of Hong-Ou-Mandel (HOM) interference of highly indistinguishable photon pairs with spatial resolution. Direct imaging of two-photon coalescence with an intensified sCMOS camera system clearly reveals spatially separated photons appearing pairwise within one of the two modes. With the use of the camera system we quantified the number of pairs and recovered the full HOM dip yielding 96.3% interference visibility, as well as retrieved the number of coalesced pairs. We retrieved the spatial mode structure of both interfering photons by performing a proof-of-principle demonstration of a new, low noise high resolution coincidence imaging scheme.
description: Link to the movie: http://youtu.be/g8wP4V5GDTI
Examining Criminogenic Risk Levels Among People with Mental Illness Incarcerated in US Jails and Prisons
Creators: name: Phillips, Jonathan
name: Wilson, Amy Blank
name: Morgan, Robert
name: Farkas, Kathleen J.
name: Ishler, Karen J.
name: Draine, Jeffrey
Publisher: name: Springer Nature
Year: 2020

description: This study examines criminogenic risk levels of individuals with serious mental illness (SMI) involved in the justice system compared to justice-involved individuals without mental illness. The sample (NÂ =â€‰436) consisted of ninety-three individuals with SMI incarcerated in a county jail in a mid-size Midwest city, 217 individuals with SMI incarcerated in a state prison in the US Northeast, and 126 individuals without mental illness incarcerated in a state prison in the US Southwest. Results indicated that people with SMI incarcerated in jail and prison had higher overall criminal risk levels than prison inmates without mental illness. Results further demonstrated that, on average, higher percentages of persons with SMI had high/very high criminogenic risk scores. Finally, we noted that persons with SMI scored higher on most of the eight criminogenic risk domains measured by the Level of Service Inventory. These findings are possibly the most compelling to date in the growing body of literature demonstrating that justice-involved people with SMI have elevated criminogenic risk comparable to or greater than their non-mentally ill peers involved in the justice system. Consequently, treatment programs and interventions for justice-involved individuals with SMI need to explicitly target criminogenic needs into treatment efforts.
Explosive Instability and Erupting Flux Tubes in a Magnetised Plasma Atmosphere
Creators: name: Cowley, S. C.
name: Cowley, B.
name: Henneberg, S. A.
name: Wilson, H. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The eruption of multiple flux tubes in a magnetised plasma atmosphere is proposed as a mechanism for explosive release of energy in plasmas. Linearly stable isolated flux tubes are shown to be metastable in a box model magnetised atmosphere in which ends of the field lines are embedded in conducting walls. The energy released by destabilising such field lines can be a significant fraction of the gravitational energy stored in the system. This energy can be released in a fast dynamical time.
description: 40 pages, 18 figures
Determinants of Rural Non-Farm Employment in Neyshabur: Application of Multilevel Multinomial Logit Model
Creators: name: Iravani, Samaneh
name: Kakhki, Mahmoud Daeshvar
name: Ghorbani, Mohammad
name: Karbasi, Alireza
name: Iravani, Samaneh
name: Kakhki, Mahmoud Daeshvar
name: Ghorbani, Mohammad
name: Karbasi, Alireza
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: non-farm employment
subject: two-level multinomial logit
subject: rural household
subject: Neyshabur county

description: Today, nonfarm activities become an essential part of the livelihood strategies of rural households, especially in developing countries. The reason why rural households move to the non-farm sector is crucial for planning integrated rural development. In rural areas of Iran, due to factors such as drought and water scarcity, many households have moved to non-farm sectors or migrated to urban areas. The present paper aims at investigating the structure of rural employment and determinants of participation in non-farm activities in Neyshabur rural areas, Iran. We collected data by 380 completed questionnaires from rural households between September 2017 to February 2018 and the two-level multinomial logit model was adopted to investigate the determinants of employment. The structure of rural household's employment shows that 40.5% of the households are employed in farm activities only, 32.6% participated in non-farm activities only, and 26.8% in both sectors. The results of the twolevel multinomial logit model show that 24% of the total variance of employment is attributed to geographical factors and household residential places. Also, the number of employed people in the household and distance from urban centers have positive and significant effects on the probability of participation in non-farm activities compared to the farm activities. Policy suggestion for this study is the strengthening and expanding existing industrial parks. Besides, due to higher education and the lower age of the non-farm workers, vocational training to the rural youth for starting innovative businesses can also be an effective policy.
Sustainable or conventional production? The influence of farmer demographic characteristics
Creators: name: Anastasiadis, Foivos
name: Kolympari, Petroula
name: Anastasiadis, Foivos
name: Kolympari, Petroula
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Farm Management
subject: sustainability
subject: producers
subject: farm management
subject: vocational training
subject: clustering

description: Resource efficiency issues, environmental problems and socio-economic challenges resulted in an increased focus on sustainable production. At a European level, despite the policy incentives (i.e. CAP reform) and major investments on innovation – digitalization research for sustainability, the adoption of sustainable production practices remains low. Understanding the farmers‘ behaviour is of strategic importance to alter this state. To that end, we explored the demographic characteristics of farmers in an intensive agricultural area. We interviewed the entire set of the region‘s farmers that have adopted sustainable practices and a random sample of farmers practising conventional farming. The main results suggest that a high level of vocational training and practising farming as the main job are of fundamental importance towards adopting sustainable farm management practices. Further analysis also reveals the importance of the dynamics and interactions among farmers.
Are Room Temperature Ionic Liquids Dilute Electrolytes?
Creators: name: Lee, Alpha A
name: Vella, Dominic
name: Perkin, Susan
name: Goriely, Alain
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An important question in understanding the structure of ionic liquids is whether ions are truly "free" and mobile which would correspond to a concentrated ionic melt, or are rather "bound" in ion pairs, that is a liquid of ion pairs with a small concentration of free ions. Recent surface force balance experiments from different groups have given conflicting answers to this question. We propose a simple model for the thermodynamics and kinetics of ion pairing in ionic liquids. Our model takes into account screened ion-ion, dipole-dipole and dipole-ion interactions in the mean field limit. The results of this model suggest that almost two thirds of the ions are free at any instant, and ion pairs have a short lifetime comparable to the characteristic timescale for diffusion. These results suggest that there is no particular thermodynamic or kinetic preference for ions residing in pairs. We therefore conclude that ionic liquids are concentrated, rather than dilute, electrolytes.
Tiny Homes Are Huge for People Living With Serious Mental Illness
Creators: name: Bailliard, Antoine
name: Wilson, Amy Blank
name: Villodas, Melissa
name: Cuddeback, Gary S.
name: Mahadevan, Thava
name: Rodriguez, Maria
Publisher: name: SAGE Publications
Year: 2020

description: Purpose: A formative evaluation examined the acceptability and feasibility of tiny homes for people living with serious mental illness (SMI). Methods: The evaluation included four focus groups with people with SMI and service providers ( n = 28) and eight overnight stays with people with SMI. Results: The analysis identified six recommendations for tailoring the design of the tiny homes and the community where the homes will be located to meet the needs of people living with SMI. The recommendations for the design of the tiny homes included maximize natural light and outdoor spaces, design flexible living spaces, and ensure accessibility. The recommendations for the design of the surrounding community included ensure privacy, build a community, and maximize residentsâ€™ connectivity. Conclusions: This research serves as a starting point for interventions that aim to develop housing that is both affordable and tailored to the needs of people with SMI.
Farmer's Participation in Contract Farming in India: A Study of Bihar
Creators: name: Behera, Deepak Kumar
name: Behera, Deepak Kumar
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: contract farming
subject: Bihar
subject: logistic model
subject: landholding
subject: irrigation
subject: labour force

description: Promotion of contract farming is to uplift farmers by providing better services while linking with market. Thus, this paper is empirically identifying the factors that influence farmers to participate in the cooperative (producer’s organization) led contract farming and their intensity of participation from Bihar in India by surveying 350 contract and 250 non-contract households. By using Logistic model for farmer’s decision to engage in contract farming, it is found that participation in contracts is mainly driven by the landholding size, area under irrigation, availability of workforce in the household and distance to market. Surprisingly, it is observed that households with more number of male population are less likely to participate in contract farming while it is opposite when it comes to female labour force.