cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Set- and Graph-theoretic Investigations in Abstract Argumentation
Creators: name: Spanring, C
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2018

description: Abstract argumentation roots to similar parts in philosophy, linguistics and artificial intelligence. The core (syntactic) notions of argument and attack are commonly visualized via digraphs, as nodes and directed edges, respectively. Semantic evaluation functions then provide a meaning of acceptance (i.e. acceptable sets of arguments also called extensions) for any such abstract argumentation structure. In this thesis, for the very first time, we tackle the questions of acceptance and conflict from a graph- and set-theoretic point of view. We elaborate on the interspace between syntactic conflict/independence (defined by attack structure) and their semantic counterparts (defined by joint acceptance of arguments). Graph theory regards the filters and techniques we use to, respectively, categorize and describe abstract argumentation structures. Set theory regards the issues we have to deal with particularly for non-finite argument sets. For argumentation in the arbitrarily infinite case this thesis can and should be seen as reference work. For the matter of conflicts in abstract argumentation we further provide a solid base and formal framework for future research. All in all, this is a mathematicians view on abstract argumentation, deepening the field of conception and widening the angle of applicability.
The perceived effects of group developmental psychology training on agile software development teams
Creators: name: Gren, Lucas
name: Goldman, Alfredo
name: Jacobsson, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Research has shown that the maturity of small workgroups from a psychological perspective is intimately connected to team agility. We, therefore, tested if agile team members appreciated group development psychology training. Our results show that the participating teams seem to have a very positive view of group development training and state that they now have a new way of thinking about teamwork and new tools to deal with team-related problems. We, therefore, see huge potential in training agile teams in group development psychology since the positive effects might span over the entire software development organization.
KamLAND Bounds on Solar Antineutrinos and neutrino transition magnetic moments
Creators: name: Torrente-Lujan, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the possibility of detecting solar electron antineutrinos with the KamLAND experiment. These electron antineutrinos are predicted by spin-flavor oscillations at a significant rate even if this mechanism is not the leading solution to the SNP. KamLAND is sensitive to antineutrinos originated from solar ${}^8$B neutrinos. From KamLAND negative results after 145 days of data taking, we obtain model independent limits on the total flux of solar electron antineutrinos $Φ({}^8 B)< 1.1-3.5\times 10^4 cm^{-2}\ s^{-1}$, more than one order of magnitude smaller than existing limits, and on their appearance probability $P<0.15%$ (95% CL). Assuming a concrete model for antineutrino production by spin-flavor precession, this upper bound implies an upper limit on the product of the intrinsic neutrino magnetic moment and the value of the solar magnetic field $μB< 2.3\times 10^{-21}$ MeV 95% CL (for LMA $(Δm^2, \tan^2θ)$ values). Limits on neutrino transition moments are also obtained. For realistic values of other astrophysical solar parameters these upper limits would imply that the neutrino magnetic moment is constrained to be, in the most conservative case, $μ\lsim 3.9\times 10^{-12} μ_B$ (95% CL) for a relatively small field $B= 50$ kG. For higher values of the magnetic field we obtain: $μ\lsim 9.0\times 10^{-13} μ_B$ for field $B= 200$ kG and $μ\lsim 2.0\times 10^{-13} μ_B$ for field $B= 1000$ kG at the same statistical significance.
description: 13 pages, 2 figures
Roussoella neopustulans D. Q. Dai, J. K. Liu & K. D. Hyde 2014, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Liu, Jian-Kui
name: Phookamsak, Rungtiwa
name: Dai, Dong-Qin
name: Tanaka, Kazuaki
name: Jones, Gareth
name: Xu, Jian-Chu
name: Chukeatirote, Ekachai
name: Hyde, Kevin D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Fungi
Ascomycota
Dothideomycetes
Pleosporales
Roussoellaceae
Roussoella
Roussoella neopustulans

description: Roussoella neopustulans D.Q. Dai, J.K. Liu & K.D. Hyde, sp. nov. FIG. 8
Index Fungorum: IF550664
 Etymology. Similar to the species Roussoella pustulans, but ascospores are smaller.
 Saprobic on decaying bamboo culms. Ascostromata 0.5−1 mm diam, forming under raised, visible, black, dome-shape areas on host surface and becoming tumefied on maturity. Locules 70−100 µm high, 250−400 µm diam., solitary to gregarious, subglobose to ellipsoidal, dark brown, with an inconspicuous central ostiole. Peridium comprising host and fungal tissues, thin, 7−10 µm wide, composed of dark brown cells of textura angularis. Hamathecium comprising 1−1.5 µm wide, numerous, anastomosing branched cellular pseudoparaphyses, rough-walled, and embedded in a gelatinous matrix. Asci 80−95(−101) × 5.5−6.5 µm (x = 87.5 × 6.7 µm, n = 20), 6−8-spored, bitunicate, cylindrical, with a short knob-like pedicel, with an ocular apical chamber. Ascospores (8−)11−12.5(−14) × (7−)3.5−4.5 µm (x = 11.5 × 4 µm, n = 30), uni-seriate, ellipsoid to broad fusiform, 2-celled, upper cells bigger, occasionally curve, constricted at the septum, narrowly at both ends, with longitudinal striations. Asexual morph not produced in culture.
 Specimen examined THAILAND, Chiang Rai Province, Mae Fah Luang University, on dead culm of Bamboo, 1 August 2011, D. Q . Dai, DDQ0090 (holotype MFLU 13−0639, ex-type living culture MFLUCC 11−0609).
 Notes: Roussoella neopustulans is morphogically similar to R. pustulans, but differs in having smaller ascospores (11−12.5 × 3.5−4.5 µm vs. 10–16 × 4–5 µm) and larger asci (80−95 × 5.5−6.5 µm vs. 68–83 × 6.5–8.5 µm). In R. neopustulans the ascospore striations extend along the entire length and are linear, while those in R. pustulans are shorter and irregular (Hyde 1997). Roussoella neopustulans is phylogenetically distinct (FIGS. 1, 2) from R. pustulans (MAFF 239638). Roussoella neopustulans is also a phylogenetically distinct from R. siamensis (FIGS. 1, 2), but they are difficult to distinguish morphologically.
description: Published as part of Liu, Jian-Kui, Phookamsak, Rungtiwa, Dai, Dong-Qin, Tanaka, Kazuaki, Jones, Gareth, Xu, Jian-Chu, Chukeatirote, Ekachai & Hyde, Kevin D., 2014, Roussoellaceae, a new pleosporalean family to accommodate the genera Neoroussoella gen. nov., Roussoella and Roussoellopsis, pp. 1-33 in Phytotaxa 181 (1) on page 15, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.181.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5145667
title: Educating Registered Nurses (RNs) to Improve Knowledge, Comfortability & Ability of Communication in Advance Care Planning (ACP)
Creators: name: Blount-Sears, Sirena
Publisher: name: Old Dominion University Libraries
Year: 2021

description: Purpose: The purpose of this project was to assess the knowledge, comfortability, and ability to communicate with confidence, along with the usage of communication tools, among Med/Surg RNs r/t to ACP before & after participation in an ACP educational webinar.
Positive specific heat of the quantum corrected dilaton black hole
Creators: name: Grumiller, D.
name: Kummer, W.
name: Vassilevich, D. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Path integral quantization of dilaton gravity in two dimensions is applied to the CGHS model to the first nontrivial order in matter loops. Our approach is background independent as geometry is integrated out exactly. The result is an effective shift of the Killing norm: the apparent horizon becomes smaller. The Hawking temperature which is constant to leading order receives a quantum correction. As a consequence, the specific heat becomes positive and proportional to the square of the black hole mass.
description: 18 pages, JHEP style, 1 eps figure, v2: extended the discussion, added new formulas for mass change, added three new references (in particular [35])
Self-Supervised Physics-Based Deep Learning MRI Reconstruction Without Fully-Sampled Data
Creators: name: Yaman, Burhaneddin
name: Hosseini, Seyed Amir Hossein
name: Moeller, Steen
name: Ellermann, Jutta
name: Uǧurbil, Kâmil
name: Akçakaya, Mehmet
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Deep learning (DL) has emerged as a tool for improving accelerated MRI reconstruction. A common strategy among DL methods is the physics-based approach, where a regularized iterative algorithm alternating between data consistency and a regularizer is unrolled for a finite number of iterations. This unrolled network is then trained end-to-end in a supervised manner, using fully-sampled data as ground truth for the network output. However, in a number of scenarios, it is difficult to obtain fully-sampled datasets, due to physiological constraints such as organ motion or physical constraints such as signal decay. In this work, we tackle this issue and propose a self-supervised learning strategy that enables physics-based DL reconstruction without fully-sampled data. Our approach is to divide the acquired sub-sampled points for each scan into training and validation subsets. During training, data consistency is enforced over the training subset, while the validation subset is used to define the loss function. Results show that the proposed self-supervised learning method successfully reconstructs images without fully-sampled data, performing similarly to the supervised approach that is trained with fully-sampled references. This has implications for physics-based inverse problem approaches for other settings, where fully-sampled data is not available or possible to acquire.
description: 5 Pages, 5 Figures
Nilpotent deformations of N=2 superspace
Creators: name: Ivanov, Evgeny
name: Lechtenfeld, Olaf
name: Zupnik, Boris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate deformations of four-dimensional N=(1,1) euclidean superspace induced by nonanticommuting fermionic coordinates. We essentially use the harmonic superspace approach and consider nilpotent bi-differential Poisson operators only. One variant of such deformations (termed chiral nilpotent) directly generalizes the recently studied chiral deformation of N=(1/2,1/2) superspace. It preserves chirality and harmonic analyticity but generically breaks N=(1,1) to N=(1,0) supersymmetry. Yet, for degenerate choices of the constant deformation matrix N=(1,1/2) supersymmetry can be retained, i.e. a fraction of 3/4. An alternative version (termed analytic nilpotent) imposes minimal nonanticommutativity on the analytic coordinates of harmonic superspace. It does not affect the analytic subspace and respects all supersymmetries, at the expense of chirality however. For a chiral nilpotent deformation, we present non(anti)commutative euclidean analogs of N=2 Maxwell and hypermultiplet off-shell actions.
description: 1+16 pages; v2: discussion of (pseudo)conjugations extended, version to appear in JHEP
Cost-effectiveness of once weekly carfilzomib 70 mg/m2 plus dexamethasone in patients with relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma in the United States
Creators: name: Shaji K. Kumar
name: Istvan Majer
name: Sumeet Panjabi
name: Medhekar, Rohan
name: Campioni, Marco
name: Dimopoulos, Meletios A.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: In the US, carfilzomib 70 mg⁄m2 once-weekly plus dexamethasone (Kd70 QW) was recently indicated for relapsed and/or refractory multiple myeloma. In current US clinical practice, most patients treated with Kd receive carfilzomib at a previously approved dose of 27 mg/m2 twice-weekly (Kd27 BIW). This analysis assessed the cost-effectiveness (CE) of Kd70 QW vs Kd27 BIW regimens which were compared in the randomized phase 3 ARROW trial. Based on clinical outcomes (overall survival and utilities) from ARROW, a partitioned survival model was developed to estimate life years (LYs) and quality-adjusted life years (QALYs). Long-term survival was extrapolated using SEER registry data matched to ARROW patients. Costs were estimated using a US healthcare payer perspective. The analysis estimated that treatment with Kd70 QW vs Kd27 BIW resulted in an increase of 1.10 LYs, 0.91 QALYs, and additional lifetime costs of $74,858, yielding an incremental CE ratio (ratio of incremental costs to QALYs) of $82,257 per QALY gained. Results were robust to sensitivity and subgroup analyses. When compared with Kd27 BIW, Kd70 QW is the optimal dose that represents a cost-effective utilization of health care budget with incremental CE ratios well below the accepted willingness-to-pay thresholds in the US.
Stochastic integration in Hilbert spaces with respect to cylindrical martingale-valued measures
Creators: name: Alvarado-Solano, A. E.
name: Fonseca-Mora, C. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60H05, 60H15, 60B11, 60G20

description: In this work we introduce a theory of stochastic integration for operator-valued integrands with respect to some classes of cylindrical martingale-valued measures in Hilbert spaces. The integral is constructed via the radonification of cylindrical martingales by a Hilbert-Schmidt operator theorem and unifies several other theories of stochastic integration in Hilbert spaces. In particular, our theory covers the theory of stochastic integration with respect to a Hilbert space valued Lévy process (which is not required to satisfy any moment condition), with respect to a cylindrical Lévy processes with (weak) second moments and with respect to a Lévy-valued random martingale measures with finite second moment. As an application of our theory of integration we prove existence and uniqueness of solutions for stochastic stochastic partial differential equations driven by multiplicative cylindrical martingale-valued measure noise with rather general coefficients.
CHARACTERIZATION OF HYBRID SILICATE MATERIALS BASED ON CERAMIC GLAZES AND WASTE LONDON UNDERGROUND DUST
Creators: name: Hana, Ovčačíková
name: Matějka, Vlastimil
name: Bartonickova, Eva
name: Vlcek, Jozef
name: Jankovský, Ondřej
name: Jeffrey Stephen, Miller
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description:  

CHARACTERIZATION OF HYBRID SILICATE MATERIALS BASED ON CERAMIC GLAZES AND WASTE LONDON UNDERGROUND DUST
Roussoella thailandica D. Q. Dai., J. K. Liu & K. D. Hyde. 2014, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Liu, Jian-Kui
name: Phookamsak, Rungtiwa
name: Dai, Dong-Qin
name: Tanaka, Kazuaki
name: Jones, Gareth
name: Xu, Jian-Chu
name: Chukeatirote, Ekachai
name: Hyde, Kevin D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Fungi
Ascomycota
Dothideomycetes
Pleosporales
Roussoellaceae
Roussoella
Roussoella thailandica

description: Roussoella thailandica D.Q. Dai., J.K. Liu & K.D. Hyde., sp. nov. FIG. 12
Index Fungorum: IF550666
 Etymology. Named after the country from where the fungus was collected, Thailand.
 Saprobic on decaying bamboo culms. Ascostromata 1−1.5 mm diam., semi-immersed or immersed under a clypeus, raised, visible as black, dome-shape areas on host surface and becoming tumefied on maturity. Locules 70−100 µm high, 350−500 µm diam., solitary to gregarious, subglobose to ellipsoidal, dark brown, with an inconspicuous central ostiole. Peridium 10−15 µm wide, comprising host and fungal tissues, thin, composed of dark brown cells of textura angularis. Hamathecium comprising 1.5−2 µm wide, numerous, anastomosing, cellular pseudoparaphyses, branching, rough-walled, and embedded in a gelatinous matrix. Asci (83−)95−120(−133) × (6.5−)7−9 µm (x = 106.6 × 8.1 µm, n = 20), 6−8-spored, bitunicate, cylindrical, with a short branched knob-like pedicel, with an indistinct apical chamber. Ascospores 13.5−15.5(−16) ×4.5−6 µm (x = 14.5 × 5.5 µm, n = 30), uni-seriate, occasionally biseriate, ellipsoid to broad fusiform, 2-celled, constricted at the septum, upper cells bigger, occasionally curve, narrowly at both ends, with irregular longitudinal striations.
 Specimen examined. THAILAND, Chiang Rai Province, Doi Pui, on dead culms of bamboo, 1 Sep 2011, D. Q Dai, DDQ−0113 (holotype MFLU 13−0640, ex-type living culture MFLUCC 11−0621).
 Notes: Roussoella thailandica formed a sister group with R. nitidula, but differs in having smaller asci and ascospores (asci 95−120 × 7−9 µm vs. 110–200 × 8–11 μm; ascospores 13.5−15.5 ×4.5−6 µm vs. 16–19 × 5.5–7 μm).
description: Published as part of Liu, Jian-Kui, Phookamsak, Rungtiwa, Dai, Dong-Qin, Tanaka, Kazuaki, Jones, Gareth, Xu, Jian-Chu, Chukeatirote, Ekachai & Hyde, Kevin D., 2014, Roussoellaceae, a new pleosporalean family to accommodate the genera Neoroussoella gen. nov., Roussoella and Roussoellopsis, pp. 1-33 in Phytotaxa 181 (1) on page 20, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.181.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5145667
Understanding Parents’ Roles in Children’s Learning and Engagement in Informal Science Learning Sites
Creators: name: Joy, Angelina
name: Law, Fidelia
name: McGuire, Luke
name: Mathews, Channing
name: Hartstone-Rose, Adam
name: Winterbottom, Mark
name: Rutland, Adam
name: Fields, Grace E.
name: Mulvey, Kelly Lynn
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: informal science learning
subject: science education
subject: parents
subject: family visits
subject: children

description: Informal science learning sites (ISLS) create opportunities for children to learn about science outside of the classroom. This study analyzed children’s learning behaviors in ISLS using video recordings of family visits to a zoo, children’s museum, or aquarium. Furthermore, parent behaviors, features of the exhibits and the presence of an educator were also examined in relation to children’s behaviors. Participants included 63 children (60.3% female) and 44 parents in 31 family groups. Results showed that parents’ science questions and explanations were positively related to children observing the exhibit. Parents’ science explanations were also negatively related to children’s science explanations. Furthermore, children were more likely to provide science explanations when the exhibit was not interactive. Lastly there were no differences in children’s behaviors based on whether an educator was present at the exhibit. This study provides further evidence that children’s interactions with others and their environment are important for children’s learning behaviors.
Emerging pharmacotherapies for elderly acute myeloid leukemia patients
Creators: name: Thomas, Xavier
name: Elhamri, Mohamed
name: Heiblig, Maël
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology

description: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a disease mainly seen in the elderly, for which treatment is undergoing rapid changes. Although recent studies have supported the survival benefit of induction chemotherapy in fit patients and that of hypomethylating agents (HMAs) in non-induction candidates, treatment of this patient age population remains a significant challenge for the treating oncologist. In this review, we will examine effectiveness and safety outcomes of upcoming novel treatment strategies in elderly (≥60 years old) patients with AML, highlight the current literature and ongoing trials able to maximize therapeutic options in this heterogeneous patient population. Current developments including new chemotherapeutic strategies and combinations of HMAs with novel drugs targeting epigenetic or immunomodulatory pathways are underway to improve patient survival and quality of life.
Dirty black holes: Spacetime geometry and near-horizon symmetries
Creators: name: Medved, A J M
name: Martin, Damien
name: Visser, Matt
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the spacetime geometry of a static but otherwise generic black hole (that is, the horizon geometry and topology are not necessarily spherically symmetric). It is demonstrated, by purely geometrical techniques, that the curvature tensors, and the Einstein tensor in particular, exhibit a very high degree of symmetry as the horizon is approached. Consequently, the stress-energy tensor will be highly constrained near any static Killing horizon. More specifically, it is shown that -- at the horizon -- the stress-energy tensor block-diagonalizes into ``transverse'' and ``parallel'' blocks, the transverse components of this tensor are proportional to the transverse metric, and these properties remain invariant under static conformal deformations. Moreover, we speculate that this geometric symmetry underlies Carlip's notion of an asymptotic near-horizon conformal symmetry controlling the entropy of a black hole.
description: 23 pages, plain LaTeX. V2: Discussion regarding extremal horizons corrected. Two references addded. No other physics changes
Real-time stream processing in radio astronomy
Creators: name: Price, Danny C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A major challenge in modern radio astronomy is dealing with the massive data volumes generated by wide-bandwidth receivers. Such massive data rates are often too great for a single device to cope, and so processing must be split across multiple devices working in parallel. These devices must work in unison to process incoming data in real time, reduce the data volume to a manageable size, and output a science-ready data product. The aim of this chapter is to give a broad overview of how digital systems for radio telescopes are commonly implemented, with a focus on real-time stream processing over multiple compute devices.
description: Chapter to appear in "Big Data in Radio Astronomy: Scientific Data Processing for Advanced Radio Telescopes"
Implications of the WMAP Age Measurement for Stellar Evolution and Dark Energy
Creators: name: Krauss, Lawrence M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The WMAP satellite has provided a new measurement of the age of the Universe, of $13.7 \pm 0.2$ Gyr. A comparison of this limit with constraints from stellar evolution imply that the oldest globular clusters in the Milky Way galaxy have a reasonable probability of have formed significantly after reionization. At the same time, one can derive a direct {\it upper limit} on the time after the big bang before globular clusters in our galaxies formed of $\approx 3$ Gyr, which significantly reduces our uncertainty since before the CMB age estimate. The WMAP age constraint can also be shown to provide a stringent {\it lower bound} on the equation of state of dark energy. A precise value of this lower bound would require a global analysis of the WMAP parameter constraints. However, making conservative assumptions about allowed parameter ranges and correlations one derives a lower bound of $ w > -1.22$. Combining this with the WMAP-quoted upper limit on $w$ thus gives roughly symmetric 95% confidence range $w =-1 \pm 0.22$.
description: 12 pages, 3 figures, submitted to Ap. J
Spontaneous motion of a camphor particle with a triangular modification from a circle
Creators: name: Kitahata, Hiroyuki
name: Koyano, Yuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spontaneous motion of a camphor particle with a slight modification from a circle is investigated. The effect of the shape on the motion is examined by the perturbation method. We introduce a slight $n$-mode modification from a circle, where the profile is described by $r = R(1 + ε\cos nθ)$ in polar coordinates. The results predict that a camphor particle with an $n=3$ mode modification from a circle, i.e., a triangular modification, moves in the direction of a corner for a small particle, while it moves in the direction of a side for a large particle. The numerical simulation results well reproduce the theoretical prediction. The present study will help understand the effect of the particle shape on spontaneous motion.
description: 12 pages, 3 figures
Pesticide use in Sub-Saharan Africa: Estimates, Projections, and Implications in the Context of Food System Transformation
Creators: name: Snyder, Jason
name: Smart, Jennifer
name: Goeb, Joey
name: Tschirley, David
name: Snyder, Jason
name: Smart, Jennifer
name: Goeb, Joey
name: Tschirley, David
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Community/Rural/Urban Development
Consumer/Household Economics
Crop Production/Industries
Environmental Economics and Policy
Farm Management
Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
International Development

description: Much of Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is urbanizing rapidly and the economy is growing at a robust pace. The overall demand for food is likely to increase dramatically over the next three decades and the composition of this demand is likely to shift away from staple grains and towards processed and fresh perishable foods, including horticultural products. Horticultural farmers will have increasing incentives to boost yields and minimize crop damage while also minimizing rising labor costs. Responding to these incentives in tropical/sub-tropical climates with high pest pressure will likely involve the substantial use of pesticides, herbicides, and fungicides, all in a lax regulatory environment where farmers may lack training in safe and effective pest control.
Forecasting functional time series using weighted likelihood methodology
Creators: name: Beyaztas, Ufuk
name: Shang, Han Lin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 97K80

description: Functional time series whose sample elements are recorded sequentially over time are frequently encountered with increasing technology. Recent studies have shown that analyzing and forecasting of functional time series can be performed easily using functional principal component analysis and existing univariate/multivariate time series models. However, the forecasting performance of such functional time series models may be affected by the presence of outlying observations which are very common in many scientific fields. Outliers may distort the functional time series model structure, and thus, the underlying model may produce high forecast errors. We introduce a robust forecasting technique based on weighted likelihood methodology to obtain point and interval forecasts in functional time series in the presence of outliers. The finite sample performance of the proposed method is illustrated by Monte Carlo simulations and four real-data examples. Numerical results reveal that the proposed method exhibits superior performance compared with the existing method(s).
description: 20 pages, 4 figures, to appear in Journal of Statistical Computation and Simulation
The chemical structure of young high-mass star-forming clumps: (I) Deuteration
Creators: name: Feng, S.
name: Caselli, P.
name: Wang, K.
name: Lin, Y.
name: Beuther, H.
name: Sipilä, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The chemical structure of high-mass star nurseries is important for a general understanding of star formation. Deuteration is a key chemical process in the earliest stages of star formation because its efficiency is sensitive to the environment. Using the IRAM-30 m telescope at 1.3--4.3 mm wavelengths, we have imaged two parsec-scale high-mass protostellar clumps (P1 and S) that show different evolutionary stages but are located in the same giant filamentary {infrared dark cloud} G28.34+0.06. Deep spectral images at subparsec resolution reveal the dust and gas physical structures of both clumps. We find that (1) the low-$J$ lines of $\rm N_2H^+$, HCN, HNC, and $\rm HCO^+$ isotopologues are subthermally excited; and (2) the deuteration of $\rm N_2H^+$ is more efficient than that of $\rm HCO^+$, HCN, and HNC by an order of magnitude. The deuterations of these species are enriched toward the chemically younger clump S compared with P1, indicating that this process favors the colder and denser environment ($\rm T_{kin} \sim14 K$, $\rm N(NH_3) \sim 9\times 10^{15}\,cm^{-2}$). In contrast, single deuteration of $\rm NH_3$ is insensitive to the environmental difference between P1 and S; and (3) single deuteration of $\rm CH_3OH$ ($\rm > 10\%$) is detected toward the location where CO shows a depletion of $\sim10$. This comparative chemical study between P1 and S links the chemical variations to the environmental differences and shows chemical similarities between the early phases of high- and low-mass star-forming regions.
O'ZBEKISTON RESPUBLIKASI FARMATSEVTIKA BOZORIDAGI ENTEROSORBENT DORI VOSITALARINING TAHLILI
Creators: name: Sindarov, N.O'.
name: Ismailova, M.G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Maqolada enterosorbent xususiyatga ega dorilarning zamonaviy nomenklaturasini mahalliy xom ashyolar hisobiga kengaytirish maqsadida O‘zbekistonda ro‘yhatdan o‘tgan va farmatsevtika  bozorida mavjud preparatlarning tahliliy sharhini o‘tkazish natijalari keltirilgan. Olingan ma’lumotlar oshqozon-ichak traktida vayron bo‘lmaydigan, organizmdan endogen va ekzogen zaharli birikmalar, supramolekular tuzilmalar va hujayralarni samarali bog‘laydigan va olib tashlaydigan, davolash va davolash uchun ishlatiladigan yuqori sorbtsiya qobiliyatiga ega preparatlar nomenklaturasini kengaytirish masalalari o‘rganilgan.
Can power corrections be reliably computed in models with extra dimensions?
Creators: name: Oliver, J. F.
name: Papavassiliou, J.
name: Santamaria, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We critically revisit the issue of power-law running in models with extra dimensions. The analysis is carried out in the context of a higher-dimensional extension of QED, with the extra dimensions compactified on a torus. It is shown that a naive $β$ function, which simply counts the number of modes, depends crucially on the way the thresholds of the Kaluza-Klein modes are crossed. To solve these ambiguities we turn to the vacuum polarization, which, due to its special unitarity properties, guarantees the physical decoupling of the heavy modes. This latter quantity, calculated in the context of dimensional regularization, is used for connecting the low energy gauge coupling with the coupling of the $D$-dimensional effective field theory. We find that the resulting relation contains only logarithms of the relevant scales, and no power corrections. If, instead, hard cutoffs are used to regularize the theory, one finds power corrections, which could be interpreted as an additional matching between the effective higher-dimensional model and some unknown, more complete theory. The possibility of estimating this matching is examined in the context of a toy model. The general conclusion is that, in the absence of any additional physical principle, the power corrections depend strongly on the details of the underlying theory. Possible consequences of this analysis for gauge coupling unification in theories with extra dimensions are briefly discussed.
description: 31 pages, 3 figures, RevTeX4
Quantum Two-Mode Squeezing Radar and Noise Radar: Correlation Coefficients for Target Detection
Creators: name: Luong, David
name: Rajan, Sreeraman
name: Balaji, Bhashyam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Quantum two-mode squeezing (QTMS) radars and noise radars detect targets by correlating the received signal with an internally stored recording. A covariance matrix can be calculated between the two which, in theory, is a function of a single correlation coefficient. This coefficient can be used to decide whether a target is present or absent. We can estimate the correlation coefficient by minimizing the Frobenius norm between the sample covariance matrix and the theoretically expected form of the matrix. Using simulated data, we show that the estimates follow a Rice distribution whose parameters are simple functions of the underlying, "true" correlation coefficient as well as the number of integrated samples. We obtain an explicit expression for the receiver operating characteristic curve that results when the correlation coefficient is used for target detection. This is an important first step toward performance prediction for QTMS radars.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures; submitted to IEEE Sensors Journal
MOESM1 of E-test versus agar dilution for antibiotic susceptibility testing of Helicobacter pylori: a comparison study
Creators: name: Miftahussurur, Muhammad
name: Kartika Fauzia
name: Iswan Nusi
name: Poernomo Setiawan
name: Syam, Ari
name: Langgeng Waskito
name: Doohan, Dalla
name: Neneng Ratnasari
name: Khomsan, Ali
name: I. Adnyana
name: Akada, Junko
name: Yamaoka, Yoshio
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1. Methods explanation. Figure S1. Passingâ€“Bablok regression of ADM and E-test.
N=1* in 5 dimensions: Dijkgraaf-Vafa meets Polchinski-Strassler
Creators: name: Bena, Iosif
name: Roiban, Radu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of the powerful techniques to analyze the 5 dimensional Super Yang Mills theory with a massive hypermultiplet (N=1*) is provided by the AdS/CFT correspondence. It predicts that, for certain special values of the hypermultiplet mass, this theory develops nonperturbative branches of the moduli space as well as new light degrees of freedom. We use the higher dimensional generalization of the matrix model/gauge theory correspondence and recover all the prediction of the supergravity analysis. We construct the map between the four dimensional holomorphic superpotential and the five dimensional action and explicitly show that the superpotential is flat along the nonperturbative branches. This is the first instance in which the Dijkgraaf-Vafa method is used to analyze intrinsically higher dimensional phenomena.
description: 28 pages, Latex
Pulsar scattering as a probe for structures in the interstellar medium
Creators: name: He, Qiuyi
name: Shi, Xun
name: Li, Guangxing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Due to the inhomogeneity of electron number density, radio waves emitted by pulsars undergo scattering as they pass through the interstellar medium (ISM). However, a connection between large-scale pulsar scattering data and the structure of the Galactic ISM has yet to be established. In this paper, we explore the capability of pulsar scattering time data in discovering structures in the ISM. Using a large dataset of scattering time measurements for 473 pulsars, we fit the pulsar reduced scattering intensity as a function of Galactic latitude and distance, constructing a smooth model of the Galactic pulsar scattering distribution. By comparing this smooth distribution with observational data, we identify two ISM structures responsible for pulsar scattering, one is associated with the Vela supernova remnant region within the Gum Nebula, while the other is a newly discovered structure -- a distant superbubble, G38, located at a distance of 2.3 kpc with a size of ~50 pc. Analysis of the correlation coefficient of the pulsar scattering distribution shows that the correlation is dominated by structures smaller than 0.15 kpc -- the closest separation approachable by the current dataset. As measurements of the pulsar scattering time continue to increase in the future, they can potentially become an independent tool for exploring structures in the ISM.
Non-Contact Spin Pumping by Microwave Evanescent Fields
Creators: name: Yu, Tao
name: Bauer, Gerrit E. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The angular momentum of evanescent light fields has been studied in nano-optics and plasmonics, but not in the microwave regime. Here we predict non-contact pumping of electron spin currents in conductors by the evanescent stray fields of excited magnetic nanostructures. The coherent transfer of the photon to the electron spin is proportional to the $g$-factor, which is large in narrow-gap semiconductors and surface states of topological insulators. The spin pumping current is chiral when the spin susceptibility displays singularities that indicate collective states. However, 1D systems with linear dispersion at the Fermi energy such as metallic carbon nanotubes are an exception since spin pumping is chiral even without interactions.
description: PRL accepted version, 6 pages, 3 figures
Protostellar Angular Momentum Evolution during Gravoturbulent Fragmentation
Creators: name: Jappsen, A. -K.
name: Klessen, R. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using hydrodynamic simulations we investigate the rotational properties and angular momentum evolution of prestellar and protostellar cores formed from gravoturbulent fragmentation of interstellar gas clouds. We find the specific angular momentum j of prestellar cloud cores in our models to be on average comparable to the observed values. A fraction of prestellar cores is gravitationally unstable and goes into collapse to build up protostars and protostellar systems. Their specific angular momentum is one order of magnitude lower than their parental cores and in agreement with observations of main-sequence binaries. The ratio of rotational to gravitational energy of protostellar cores in the model turns out to be very similar to the observed values. We find, that it is roughly conserved during the main collapse phase. This leads to j proportional to M^{2/3}, where j is specific angular momentum and M core mass. Although the temporal evolution of the angular momentum of individual protostars or protostellar systems is complex and highly time variable, this correlation holds well in a statistical sense for a wide range of turbulent environmental parameters. In addition, high turbulent Mach numbers result in the formation of more numerous protostellar cores with, on average, lower mass. Therefore, models with larger Mach numbers result in cores with lower specific angular momentum. We find, however, no dependence on the spatial scale of the turbulence. Our models predict a close correlation between the angular momentum vectors of neighboring protostars during their main accretion phase. Possible observational signatures are aligned disks and parallel outflows. The latter are indeed observed in some low-mass isolated Bok globules.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A, 11 pages with 8 figures
The burden of productivity loss of U.S. commercially insured patients diagnosed with Dupuytren’s disease undergoing collagenase versus fasciectomy treatment
Creators: name: Djurdja Vukicevic
name: Tatovic, Simona
name: Zah, Vladimir
name: Hurley, David
name: Imro, Martina
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Background: We conducted a comparative assessment of the productivity loss associated with the two different treatment options for Dupuytren’s disease: collagenase and fasciectomy. Methods: The retrospective claims analysis was performed using the data from IBM MarketScan® Commercial (CD) and Health and Productivity Management (HPM) Databases over five years (2012–2016). We identified two cohorts of patients who underwent either collagenase or fasciectomy in the CD. Propensity-score matched patients were linked to their productivity loss claims in the HPM database. Productivity loss measures were assessed over a 12-month follow-up period. Results: Out of 702 collagenase and 999 fasciectomy propensity score-matched patients in the CD, there were 147 collagenase and 273 fasciectomy patients in the HPM database. Over the follow-up period, collagenase-treated patients were significantly less likely to use short-term disability (STD) leave (9.7% vs. 20.2%; P = 0.009), reflecting in the lower average number of absent STD days (mean, 2.8 vs. 8.1; P = 0.002) in comparison to fasciectomy-treated. The mean indirect STD cost was considerably lower in the collagenase vs. fasciectomy group ($375 vs. $1,108; P = 0.002). Conclusion: This study indicates that collagenase vs. fasciectomy treatment may be related to a lower rate of workplace absence and lower indirect cost in a year following the treatment.
Adler function and hadronic contribution to the muon g-2 in a nonlocal chiral quark model
Creators: name: Dorokhov, A. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The behavior of the vector Adler function at spacelike momenta is studied in the framework of a covariant chiral quark model with instanton-like quark-quark interaction. This function describes the transition between the high energy asymptotically free region of almost massless current quarks to the low energy hadronized regime with massive constituent quarks. The model reproduces the Adler function and V-A correlator extracted from the ALEPH and OPAL data on hadronic τlepton decays, transformed into the Euclidean domain via dispersion relations. The leading order contribution from hadronic part of the photon vacuum polarization to the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon, a_μ^{hvp,1}, is estimated.
description: 20 pages, 9 figures
The wavelength of neutrino and neutral kaon oscillations
Creators: name: Burkhardt, H.
name: Lowe, J.
name: Stephenson, G. J.
name: Goldman, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Neutral kaons, and probably also neutrinos, exhibit oscillations between flavor eigenstates, as a result of being produced in a superposition of mass eigenstates. Several recent papers have addressed the question of the energies and momenta of the components of these states, and their effect on the coherence of the states and on the wavelength of the oscillations. We point out that the mass eigenstates need have neither equal momentum nor equal energy, but can nevertheless be coherent, and that a correct treatment of the kinematics recovers the usual result for the wavelength of the flavor oscillations.
description: 7 pages, Latex, no figures. Added references. Formatted for Phys. Lett. B (needs elsart.cls)
Failure due to formal reasons within German benefit assessment of medicinal products: the dilemma between marketing authorization and HTA
Creators: name: Molitor, Markus
name: Charalabos-Markos Dintsios
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Science Policy

description: Objective: Due to the impact of the Federal Joint Committee’s (FJC) appraisal on following price negotiations, it is crucial to understand the underlying reasons of failure in early benefit assessment (EBA) of medicinal products in Germany. Methods: Medicinal products for which no added benefit was granted, the underlying reasons given by the FJC were extracted and grouped into respective categories according to predefined working definitions. Several reasons may hold for one subgroup. Furthermore, binomial proportion analysis was performed to gather proportions and their precision for each therapeutic area regarding possible failure. Results: 293/427 subgroups did not receive an added benefit. For 265/293 the following main formal reasons were stated: deviation of label to the pivotal studies (59%), wrong comparator (20.5%), and methodological deficiencies of indirect comparisons (12.3%). The proportion of failure in EBA is heterogeneous and therapeutic area depending (p = 0.0005). For most of the therapeutic areas, the confidence intervals of binomial proportions include 50%. Conclusion: Various different reasons led to the failure of EBAs in the past. Despite different objectives, a better alignment between the requirements and methods in the marketing authorization procedure and the EBA might facilitate the design of pivotal studies, which may be useful in both procedures.
MOESM1 of Utilisation of rehabilitation services for non-migrant and migrant groups of higher working age in Germany – results of the lidA cohort study
Creators: name: Schröder, Chloé
name: Dyck, Maria
name: Breckenkamp, Jürgen
name: Hasselhorn, Hans
name: Jean-Baptist Prel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Additional file 1. English version of self-developed questionnaire items used for analysis. The additional file contains the English translation of the self-developed questionnaire items used for analysis.