cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
O`ZBEKISTONNING MUSTAQILLIK YILLARIDAGI QISHLOQ XO`JALIGI
Creators: name: Shomirzayev, Shohruxmirzo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Ushbu maqolada O‘zbekistonning mustaqilik yillaridagi ya’ni 1990-1995 yillardagi  qishloq xo‘jaligining xolati va bir nechta kamchiligi  yoritib tahlil qilindi. SSSR dan ajralib chiqandan so‘ng qishloq xo‘jaligini holatini ham to‘laqonli tahlil qilib boriladi. Bundan tashqari 1996-yildagi xalqaro iqtisodiy makonda sodir bo‘lgan paxta inqirozini O‘zbekiston qishloq xo‘jaligiga tasirini namoyon etadi. Shuningdek, ushbu tezisda qishloq xo’jaligi maxsulotlarini ishlab chiqarish, o’sha davrdagi aholi uchun qishloq xo’jaligi ahamiyati baholanadi.
Healing experiences of BC First Nations women : moving beyond suicidal ideation and intention
Creators: name: Paproski, Donna Louise
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This study explores how five BC First Nations women moved through suicidal ideation and intention in their youth, and what has enabled them to move beyond suicidal states. Unstructured interviews were conducted with five adult First Nations women who were self-identified as being suicidal in their youth. Phenomenological research methods (Giorgi, 1985; Moustakas, 1994) were used to guide the interview process, analysis and the interpretation of the transcribed interviews. Each interview was analyzed for themes and developed into a narrative, which was reviewed for accuracy by each participant. Twelve major themes were identified. These themes are the experience of suicidal ideation, intention, and/or attempts; the experience of an unsuccessful attempt; the experience of deciding not to attempt suicide; separation from circumstances and/or persons; the experience of connection to family, ancestry and culture; the experience of professional counselling; connection to spirituality; connection to elders and others; the experience of positive sense of self; learning from the past; setting goals, and letting go of the past. Several procedures were used to examine the validity of the analysis and interpretation, including checking the findings with the participants. The five narratives describe a variety of processes and activities of healing for these five women. Their healing was, and continues to be, facilitated by a connection to Native spirituality, through prayer, being in Nature, engaging in rituals, healing songs, sharing with others in a spiritual space, and awareness of the Creator or other spiritual symbols. Many of these activities and experiences include family, elders, and community. All participants reported that a connection to their cultural identity was an important part of their healing process. All participants report an increased sense of personal empowerment and will to live, through experiences that have increased their self-reliance, helped them to express themselves, and experience personal responsibility. These experiences have involved elders or other role models, professional counsellors, and, sometimes, family and community. These women have a positive view of themselves and life and are committed to contribute to a positive future for themselves and other First Nations people. The findings of the study seem consistent with recent research findings about healing and wellness in First Nations people in BC (McCormick, 1997; McCormick, 1994; van Uchelen, 1996). The findings appear to support the assertion that First Nations suicidality in youth is linked to a long-term cultural deterioration and the resultant loss of transmission of essential cultural beliefs, values and worldview (Brant, 1986; Duran & Duran, 1995; Ross, 1992; Royal Commission, 1995). The significance of cultural connections and Native spirituality may have implications for the intervention and prevention of suicide in First Nation youth.
Scale-invariant cosmology in de Sitter gauge theory
Creators: name: Koivisto, Tomi
name: Zheng, Luxi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Planck mass and the cosmological constant determine the minimum and the maximum distances in the physical universe. A relativistic theory that takes into account a fundamental distance limit $\ell$ on par with the fundamental speed limit $c$, is based on the de Sitter extension of the Lorentz symmetry. This article proposes a new de Sitter gauge theory of gravity which allows the consistent cosmological evolution of the $\ell$. The theory is locally equivalent to Dirac's scale-invariant version of general relativity, and suggests a novel non-singular extension of cosmology.
description: 9 pages, 0 figures
YERLARNI MUHOFAZA QILISH, YER UCHASTKALARINI AJRATISH, ULARDAN FOYDALANISH HAMDA ULARNI MUHOFAZA QILISH USTIDAN NAZORAT
Creators: name: Muminova, Muxlisa
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Ushbu maqolada yerlarni muhofaza qilishning mazmuni va tartibi, obyektlar, imoratlar va inshootlarni joylashtirish, loyihalash, qurish va ulardan foydalanishga oid ekologik talablar, kimyoviy yoki radioaktiv moddalar bilan ifloslangan yerlardan foydalanisherlardan oqilona foydalanishni va ularni muhofaza qilishni iqtisodiy rag‘batlantirish, yer uchastkalarini ajratish, ulardan foydalanish hamda ularni muhofaza qilish ustidan nazoratni amalga oshirishning asosiy vazifalari, yer uchastkalarini ajratish, ulardan foydalanish hamda ularni muhofaza qilish ustidan davlat nazorati, yer uchastkalarini ajratish, ulardan foydalanish hamda ularni muhofaza qilish ustidan jamoatchilik nazorati, yerlardan foydalanish hamda ularni muhofaza qilish ustidan davlat nazoratini amalga oshirish tartiblari yoritilgan.
Models for Planning and Simulation in Computer Assisted Orthognatic Surgery
Creators: name: Chabanas, Matthieu
name: Marecaux, Christophe
name: Payan, Yohan
name: Boutault, Franck
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two aspects required to establish a planning in orthognatic surgery are addressed in this paper. First, a 3D cephalometric analysis, which is clini-cally essential for the therapeutic decision. Then, an original method to build a biomechanical model of patient face soft tissue, which provides evaluation of the aesthetic outcomes of an intervention. Both points are developed within a clinical application context for computer aided maxillofacial surgery.
Coherent interferometric imaging in a random flow
Creators: name: Gay, Etienne
name: Bonnet, Luc
name: Peyret, Christophe
name: Savin, Éric
name: Garnier, Josselin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper is concerned with the development of imaging methods to localize sources or reflectors in inhomogeneous moving media with acoustic waves that have travelled through them. A typical example is the localization of broadband acoustic sources in a turbulent jet flow for aeroacoustic applications. The proposed algorithms are extensions of Kirchhoff migration (KM) and coherent interferometry (CINT) which have been considered for smooth and randomly inhomogeneous quiescent media so far. They are constructed starting from the linearized Euler equations for the acoustic perturbations about a stationary ambient flow. A model problem for the propagation of acoustic waves generated by a fixed point source in an ambient flow with constant velocity is addressed. Based on this result imaging functions are proposed to modify the existing KM and CINT functions to account for the ambient flow velocity. They are subsequently tested and compared by numerical simulations in various configurations, including a synthetic turbulent jet representative of the main features encountered in actual jet flows.
Construction of stochastic hybrid path integrals using "quantum-mechanical'' operators
Creators: name: Bressloff, Paul C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Stochastic hybrid systems involve the coupling between discrete and continuous stochastic processes. They are finding increasing applications in cell biology, ranging from modeling promoter noise in gene networks to analyzing the effects of stochastically-gated ion channels on voltage fluctuations in single neurons and neural networks. We have previously derived a path integral representation of solutions to the associated differential Chapman-Kolmogorov equation, based on integral representations of the Dirac delta function, and used this to determine ``least action'' paths in the noise-induced escape from a metastable state. In this paper we present an alternative derivation of the path integral, based on the use of bra-kets and ``quantum-mechanical'' operators. We show how the operator method provides a more efficient and flexible framework for constructing hybrid path integrals, which eliminates certain ad hoc steps from the previous derivation and provides more context with regards the general theory of stochastic path integrals. We also highlight the important role of principal eigenvalues, spectral gaps and the Perron-Frobenius theorem. We then use perturbation methods to develop various approximation schemes for hybrid path integrals and the associated moment generating functionals. First, we consider Gaussian approximations and loop expansions in the weak noise limit, analogous to the semi-classical limit for quantum path integrals. Second, we identify the analog of a weak-coupling limit by treating the stochastic hybrid system as the nonlinear perturbation of an Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process. This leads to an expansion of the moments in terms of products of free propagators.
description: 32 pages, 2 figures
The evolution of India's great power identity : a powerful performance
Creators: name: Sullivan, Katie Helen
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Realism Political aspects India
subject: International relations India
subject: Middle powers History 20th century
subject: Middle powers History 21st century
subject: Hegemony India

description: This research shows how Indian self-conceptions of 'greatness' have been derivative of India's own readings of an appropriate global role for itself at different periods during its history, rather than sourced from the dominant norms of 'great powerhood' in international society. It attempts to show how apparent shifts in India's identity can most aptly be understood as a process of India acquiring the material markers of a great power rather than actually becoming a great power. According to this reading, the Indian case diverges from the processes of socialisation typically associated with rising powers, whereby great power aspirants internalise the norms articulated by the existing community of great powers. In theoretical terms, the process of negotiation between the norms and values inherent in an Indian international self (an identity which I show to be relatively stable over time) and the norms and values of an international group of prominent states from which India seeks recognition of its 'right' to lead, is revealed as more complex than we might expect. By acquiring a deeper understanding of Indian conceptions of greatness, it is possible to reveal a more nuanced narrative of India's global ascendance and access complexities in India's conduct of external affairs that are sometimes missed by dominant frames of understanding in International Relations. The study demonstrates how attempts to narrate, observe or predict India's ascendance in the language of great powers can only incompletely capture the nuances of India's changing international identity and its potential role in the international system. As such, the research as a whole points to limitations in the theoretical rigour and the explanatory capacity of current dominant understandings of greatness as they are applied to rising powers such as India.
Supercharge Operator of Hidden Symmetry in the Dirac Equation
Creators: name: Khachidze, Tamari~T.
name: Khelashvili, Anzor~A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As is known, the so-called Dirac $K$-operator commutes with the Dirac Hamiltonian for arbitrary central potential $V(r)$. Therefore the spectrum is degenerate with respect to two signs of its eigenvalues. This degeneracy may be described by some operator, which anticommutes with $K$. If this operator commutes with the Dirac Hamiltonian at the same time, then it establishes new symmetry, which is Witten's supersymmetry. We construct the general anticommuting with $K$ operator, which under the requirement of this symmetry unambiguously select the Coulomb potential. In this particular case our operator coincides with that, introduced by Johnson and Lippmann many years ago.
description: 3 pages
Nuclear collective dynamics in transport model with the lattice Hamiltonian method
Creators: name: Wang, Rui
name: Zhang, Zhen
name: Chen, Lie-Wen
name: Ma, Yu-Gang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review the recent progress on studying the nuclear collective dynamics by solving the Boltzmann-Uehling-Uhlenbeck (BUU) equation with the lattice Hamiltonian method treating the collision term by the full-ensemble stochastic collision approach. This lattice BUU (LBUU) method has recently been developed and implemented in a GPU parallel computing technique, and achieves a rather stable nuclear ground-state evolution and high accuracy in evaluating the nucleon-nucleon (NN) collision term. This new LBUU method has been applied to investigate the nuclear isoscalar giant monopole resonances and isovector giant dipole resonances. While the calculations with the LBUU method without the NN collision term (i.e., the lattice Hamiltonian Vlasov method) describe reasonably the excitation energies of nuclear giant resonances, the full LBUU calculations can well reproduce the width of the giant dipole resonance of $^{208}$Pb by including a collisional damping from NN scattering. The observed strong correlation between the width of nuclear giant dipole resonance and the NN elastic cross section suggests that the NN elastic scattering plays an important role in nuclear collective dynamics, and the width of nuclear giant dipole resonance provides a good probe of the in-medium NN elastic cross section.
description: 27 pages, 7 figures. An invited review to the Research Topic "Advances in Time-Dependent Methods for Nuclear Structure and Dynamics" in Frontiers in Physics
Super Natural: Mediating Between Landscapes of the Past and the Technological Present Through Digital Media and Readymade Architectural Constructions.
Creators: name: Palmer, Beverly Shana
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2014
Subjects: Binaries
Conciousness
Digital Art
Nature/Culture
Sculpture
Video/Projection

description: I have a desire to blur and redefine boundaries and I consider it my role as an artist to reframe relationships with self, nature, identity, and the feminine.  In Super Natural, I weave the autobiographical and the fictional into a tapestry of performance, photography, video, and installation.  I invite the audience to peek in as these dynamics play out on hidden screens that reveal themselves from behind architectural constructions. These works seemingly defy logic through simple special effects and editing techniques. In Unbinding Charm, rocks fly out of the water and masks made of hair obscure the directions their wearers face, while the displays of these works further highlight the relationship between viewer and object. Through this investigation, I try to isolate viewers in a narrow frame of time, an experience that departs from the ordinary and brings them on a journey into the depths of imagination.
The blazar sequence: a new perspective
Creators: name: Ghisellini, G.
name: Tavecchio, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit the so called "blazar sequence", which connects the observed bolometric luminosity to the shape of the spectral energy distribution (SED) of blazars. We propose that the power of the jet and the SED of its emission are linked to the two main parameters of the accretion process, namely the mass of the black hole and the accretion rate. We assume: i) that the jet kinetic power is proportional to the mass accretion rate; ii) that most of the jet dissipation takes place at a distance proportional to the black hole mass; iii) that the broad line region exists only above a critical value of the disk luminosity, in Eddington units, and iv) that the radius of the broad line region scales as the square root of the ionising disk luminosity. These assumptions, motivated by existing observations or by reasonable theoretical considerations, are sufficient to uniquely determine the SED of all blazars. This framework accounts for the existence of "blue quasars", i.e. objects with broad emission lines but with SEDs resembling those of low luminosity high energy peaked BL Lac objects, as well as the existence of relatively low luminosity "red" quasars. Implications on the possible evolution of blazars are briefly discussed. This scenario can be tested quite easily once the AGILE and especially the GLAST satellite observations, coupled with information in the optical/X-ray band from Swift, will allow the knowledge of the entire SED of hundreds (and possibly thousands) blazars.
description: Revised version, accepted for publication in MNRAS
BLACK FACES IN BLUE UNIFORMS: DESEGREGATING THE BALTIMORE POLICE DEPARTMENT 1920-1950
Creators: name: Maxwell, Megan Christine
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2014
Subjects: Baltimore Afro-American
Baltimore
MD
Police Department
Racial desegregation

description: In 1937, the Baltimore city police department hired its first African-American officer. Her hire and the subsequent hire, seven months later, of four black male officers represented the culmination of nearly two decades of civil rights activism by a coalition of print media, middle-class reformers, and cooperative politicians.  I argue that civil rights activity in Baltimore, especially in the first half of the twentieth century, was generally nonviolent and led by a strong-willed, generally secular cadre of middle-class African Americans. In addition, because of its border state status, racial gains occurred earlier in Baltimore than they did in Dixie, but not as early as they did in more northern cities. The leaders of Baltimore's civil rights movement used their political and journalistic influence to call for and effect change. The process of desegregating the city's police department is a clear example of this. I begin with a general narrative of the campaign for desegregation between 1920 and 1950. Using the reporting and editorializing of the Baltimore Afro-American, I explain the importance of desegregation to the community, not only as a tangible example of racial progress, but as acknowledgment of the rising civic power of African-American Baltimoreans. I explore issues related to the police department and its integration, including the racial and sexual power dynamics inherent between any police force and its community, especially in the United States in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. I also examine the economic class of the activists and the first few officers as a means of reiterating the fundamentally middle-class nature of this particular civil rights campaign.
Random Quantum Circuits are Approximate 2-designs
Creators: name: Harrow, Aram W.
name: Low, Richard A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Given a universal gate set on two qubits, it is well known that applying random gates from the set to random pairs of qubits will eventually yield an approximately Haar-distributed unitary. However, this requires exponential time. We show that random circuits of only polynomial length will approximate the first and second moments of the Haar distribution, thus forming approximate 1- and 2-designs. Previous constructions required longer circuits and worked only for specific gate sets. As a corollary of our main result, we also improve previous bounds on the convergence rate of random walks on the Clifford group.
description: 48 pages, 1 figure. Typo in bibliography fixed
SOMETIMES I WANT TO SHAKE THE BRANCHES OF MY FAMILY TREE AND SEE WHAT FALLS OUT
Creators: name: Rennolds, Carrie Ann
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2014
Subjects: archive
genealogy
history
personal history

description: SOMETIMES I WANT TO SHAKE THE BRANCHES OF MY FAMILY TREE AND SEE WHAT FALLS OUT is an installation piece exploring the personal archive as a medium for creating a historical narrative. The work uses three themes to explore the historical object and the archive; the real, the fake, and the scrutiny. All three themes are examined through the artworks of three female artists investigating these motifs and their relationship with history. The Branches are a line of personal ancestors whose recorded histories are easily available digitally. This piece is a work that studies the monolithic properties of the archive, but also its perpetual partiality, which constantly drives and dictates a specific historical narrative.
Beyond the Southern Border: Immigration Policies and U.S.-Mexican Relations, 1942-1996
Creators: name: Colabella, Meghan
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2012
Subjects: Bracero Program
illegal immigration
immigration policy
IRCA
Mexican immigration
U.S.-Mexican relations

description: This work covers the relationship between U.S. foreign relations and immigration policy with Mexico from the start of the Bracero Program in 1942 until the passage of the Illegal Immigration Reform and Immigrant Responsibility Act of 1996.  Using records of congressional hearings from the Committee on the Judiciary and other government documents it is argued that in order to produce effective immigration policy the United States needs to once again view immigration as a foreign policy, and not a domestic, issue.  The Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986 attempted to serve as a course corrector for the past failures in U.S. immigration policy toward Mexico, but the IRCA failed to achieve its primary goal of reducing and controlling the flow of illegal immigrants across the U.S.-Mexico border.  The failure of the IRCA can be traced back to the delinkage of immigration and foreign policy during the Bracero and Reform eras by both Mexico and the United States.  This delinkage caused the U.S. immigration debate from 1971 to 1986 to focus on compromising among varied and competing domestic interests, ultimately producing a version of the IRCA that was unable to account for the transnational nature of Mexican immigrant social/family networks, border security concerns, and the increasing level of economic integration between the United States and Mexico.
Text: Iqal atzaj (Picking herbs)
Creators: name: Martín Domingo, Rebeca
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: mam

description: In this recording, Rebeca explains how and why plants are picked for cooking. She then spends several minutes picking the plants, and then continues explaining the process.

In this file bundle: 1 video/audio recording (subtitled in Mam, English, and Spanish), 1 video/audio recorded without subtitles, 1 pdf with the text typed in Mam, English, and Spanish, 1 pdf with the text glossed and translated to English.
In Perspective: Ferdinand C. Latrobe's Mayoral Terms and Progressive Influences on the City of Baltimore, 1875-1895
Creators: name: Rosalski, Joseph Christopher
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2010
Subjects: Baltimore Mayors
Ferdinand C. Latrobe
Gilded Age Mayors
Progressive Era Mayors

description: The late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries were rife with political, social and economic upheaval, ultimately effecting drastic changes at every level of local government within the United States.   Upstanding political figures, however, did exist in Progressive Era Baltimore through the personage of Ferdinand C. Latrobe, Baltimore's seven-time mayor, serving terms from 1875 through 1895.  He is a figure that is rarely mentioned in Baltimore's history and transformation into a modern municipality.  Few academic works discuss how Latrobe's views and policies regarding good government, expansion of city services, city beautification, and keeping Baltimore competitive with neighboring cities ultimately led to a modern, twentieth century municipality.  Close examination of the speeches from his mayoralty and retirement from public life coupled with various secondary sources, unquestioningly place Mayor Latrobe squarely in the Progressive camp regarding three distinct Progressive Era issues including urban planning, municipal reform and the City Beautiful Movement.
RADICAL HOME: CONTAINER AS SOCIAL CONSTRUCT, SEDUCING THE GHOST THROUGH THE LENS OF PERFORMANCE AND VIDEO
Creators: name: Zeltzman, Dominique
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2014
Subjects: container
domestic
feminism
home
performance
video

description: Radical Home is a video installation in which the viewer is surrounded by life-size images of a female figure creeping, crawling, crouching, scurrying, and sliding along the room's perimeter. She is set against a background of alternating banal domestic scenes, and landscapes taken from small segments of New York Times front-page color photographs. On a fourth wall play three 10'x18' layered videos: a woman standing, squatting, searching, and dancing alone; a Baltimore City formstone row house with an occasional passing pedestrian or car; and a sidewalk scrolling by to the sound of footsteps on concrete and the interminable voice of a child saying Mama. The piece is inspired by examples of containment in our personal and public lives. In this thesis, I explore the concept of the container as a social construct. I also question the differences between live performance and that made for video.
Anthracite and the Irish : extricating the Irish immigrant mining community from the Molly Maguire myth, Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania, 1850-1879
Creators: name: Byron, William Francis, 1959-
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 1905
Subjects: Irish
immigrants
mine workers
Molly Maguires
Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania

description: The Molly Maguires were a reputed secret society of Irish immigrant mine workers who allegedly terrorized the anthracite coal fields of Pennsylvania from the Civil War until twenty men convicted as Molly Maguires were hanged in the late 1870s. The sensational nature of the Molly trials and executions has spawned a myth concerning the Molly Maguires which has clouded historical understanding of the episode. One of the unfortunate results of the Molly Maguire myth is that the legacy of the nineteenth-century anthracite Irish mining community has been inextricably and wrongly tied to the legacy of the alleged criminal activities of the Molly Maguires. The thesis seeks to draw a portrait of the Irish mining community of one anthracite county, Schuylkill, with as much depth as possible. The thesis first details Irish demographics and culture within Schuylkill County and proceeds to follow the Irish community through the years of the first regional mine workers' union to the destruction of the union as a consequence of the bitter ''Long Strike" of 1875 . The thesis demonstrates that negative expectations of the Irish conditioned negative perceptions by Schuylkill County's native population. The mass executions of the alleged Molly Maguires were only possible because of the deep anti-Irish sentiment that existed in Schuylkill among the non Irish, from Anglo-Protestant mine bosses to the large Welsh immigrant mining community.
B(0,N)-graded Lie superalgebras coordinatized by quantum tori
Creators: name: Chen, Hongjia
name: Gao, Yun
name: Shang, Shikui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We use a fermionic extension of the bosonic module to obtain a class of B(0,N)-graded Lie superalgebras with nontrivial central extensions.
description: 19 pages
In Great Danger of Perishing Through Poverty: Community and Public Relief in Somerset County, Maryland, 1666-1742
Creators: name: Covino, Dominique Lyn
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2013
Subjects: Community Relief
Family
Free Blacks
Poor Relief
Public Relief
Somerset County
Maryland

description: This thesis explores the poor relief system in Somerset County, Maryland, between 1666 and 1742. By utilizing public relief petitions to the court, I attempt to place Somerset's poor into the larger context of poverty in colonial Maryland and early America. I examine how community and public relief created a loose and makeshift system of monetary or material aid that supported some of the poor when necessary. This thesis reveals that private family relief in the 1700s grew as a means to assist the poor in conjunction with community and public relief. I assert that an exploration of Somerset's public relief petitions may shed light on the importance of community relief in early America. In this thesis, it is evident that free blacks and those of mixed race occasionally received public relief. Additionally, I contend that, in the 1700s, the court started to give permanent tax relief to individuals who demonstrated remarkable need and permanent tax subsidies on slaves for slaveholders depending on the severity of slaves' conditions. This thesis reveals that the court began boarding the poor with householders as a way to transfer the obligation of relief to residents, often with compensation. Furthermore, I show that poor men and women sought business licenses for informal taverns and inns as a means to supplement their meager incomes. Finally, I argue that, primarily because of the growing native-born population, aid among family members, or private family relief, became a growing feature of Somerset's poor relief system.
Rejuvenating the structure and rheological properties of silica nanocomposites based on natural rubber
Creators: name: Boonsomwong, Kanyarat
name: Genix, Anne-Caroline
name: Chauveau, Edouard
name: Fromental, Jean-Marc
name: Dieudonne-George, Philippe
name: Sirisinha, Chakrit
name: Oberdisse, Julian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The antagonistic effect of processing and thermal annealing on both the filler structure and the polymer matrix is explored in polymer nanocomposites based on natural rubber with precipitated silica incorporated by coagulation from aqueous suspension followed by roll-milling. Their structure and linear and non-linear rheology have been studied, with a particular emphasis on the effect of high temperature thermal treatment and the number of milling passes. Small-angle X-ray scattering intensities show that the silica is organized in small, unbreakable aggregates containing ca. 50 primary nanoparticles, which are reorganized on a larger scale in filler networks percolating at the highest silica contents. As expected, the filler network structure is found to be sensitive to milling, more milling inducing rupture, as evidenced by the decreasing Payne effect. After thermal treatment, the nanocomposite structure is found to be rejuvenated, erasing the effect of the previous milling on the low-strain modulus. In parallel, the dynamics of the samples described by the rheology or the calorimetric glass-transition temperature remain unchanged, whereas the natural latex polymer network structure is modified by milling towards a more fluid-like rheology, and cannot be recovered.
Genocide: What Genocide?
Creators: name: Hansen, Jenny Lee
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2013
Subjects: Bosnia
Darfur
Foreign Policy
Genocide
Human Rights
Rwanda

description: Since the end of the Cold War, millions have been killed in a series of genocides.  The dismantlement of the Soviet Union left the United States with new decisions to make regarding human rights violations.  The United States government no longer had hard interests to intervene in cases of human rights violations.  I show through a comparative study of the genocides in Bosnia, Rwanda, and Darfur that it takes political pressure for the United States to intervene: it takes multiple calls for action from members of Congress and the American people for the United States to step in and end the violence.  I used congressional meeting minutes and hearings to show the political pressure and calls for U.S. intervention.  In addition to the media that congressional representatives use in their calls for action, I looked at New York Times and Washington Post articles to show the media attention given to the acts of genocide.                 To study the response to the genocides, I examined the patterns that emerged in the US response to them.  To emphasize the comparisons between the three cases I show how they all follow the same pattern of U.S. intervention, consisting of four phases.  The pattern is distinct in all three acts of genocide
High Field Magneto-Transport of Mixed Topological Insulators Bi2Se3-xTex (x = 0, 1, 2 & 3)
Creators: name: Sharma, Deepak
name: Kumar, Yogesh
name: Kumar, P.
name: Nagpal, Vipin
name: Patnaik, S.
name: Awana, V. P. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The article comprises structural, microstructural, and physical properties analysis of Bi2Se3-xTex (x= 0, 1, 2 and 3) mixed topological insulator (MTI) single crystals. All the crystals were grown through a well-optimized solid-state reaction route via the self-flux method. These MTI are well characterized through XRD (X-ray Diffraction), SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy), EDAX (Energy Dispersive spectroscopy), and thereby, the physical properties are analyzed through the RT (Resistance vs temperature) down to 10K as well as the magneto-resistance (MR) measurements (at 5K) in a magnetic field of up to 10 Tesla. The MR drastically varies from x=0 to x=3 in MTI, from a huge 400 percent, it goes down to 20 percent and 5 percent and eventually back to 315 percent. This fascinated behaviour of MR is explained in this article through HLN (Hikami-Larkin-Nagaoka) equation and an additional term. This article not only proposed the mesmerizing behavior of MR in MTI but also explains the reason through competing WAL (Weak Anti-Localization) and WL (Weak Localization) conduction processes.
description: 213 Pages Text + Figs: Accepted Solid State Communications
Initial configuration of the setup;Colorimetric Analysis of Drugs;Preliminary Solution Preparation from A novel approach to low-cost, rapid and simultaneous colorimetric detection of multiple analytes using 3D printed microfluidic channels
Creators: name: Mishra, Piyush
name: Navariya, Sagar
name: Gupta, Priyanshi
name: SINGH, Bhupendra Pratap
name: Chopra, Samridhi
name: Shrivastava, Swapnil
name: Agrawal, Ved Varun
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 310908
subject: Animal physiology - biophysics
classificationCode: 320802
subject: Human biophysics
classificationCode: 340101
subject: Analytical spectrometry
classificationCode: 340399
subject: Macromolecular and materials chemistry not elsewhere classified

description: FIg.S1.;Fig.S2 to Fig.S5;Table S1:Category, Preliminary Solution and an Assortment of Colours of Multiple Drugs Detected Using Ferric Chloride (FeCl3).
Discrete and hybrid methods for the diagnosis of distributed systems
Creators: name: Kan John, Priscilla
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Electronic data processing Distributed processing
subject: Hybrid systems
subject: System analysis
subject: Computer networks

description: Many important activities of modern society rely on the proper functioning of complex systems such as electricity networks, telecommunication networks, manufacturing plants and aircrafts. The supervision of such systems must include strong diagnosis capability to be able to effectively detect the occurrence of faults and ensure appropriate corrective measures can be taken in order to recover from the faults or prevent total failure. This thesis addresses issues in the diagnosis of large complex systems. Such systems are usually distributed in nature, i.e. they consist of many interconnected components each having their own local behaviour. These components interact together to produce an emergent global behaviour that is complex. As those systems increase in complexity and size, their diagnosis becomes increasingly challenging. In the first part of this thesis, a method is proposed for diagnosis on distributed systems that avoids a monolithic global computation. The method, based on converting the graph of the system into a junction tree, takes into account the topology of the system in choosing how to merge local diagnoses on the components while still obtaining a globally consistent result. The method is shown to work well for systems with tree or near-tree structures. This method is further extended to handle systems with high clustering by selectively ignoring some connections that would still allow an accurate diagnosis to be obtained. A hybrid system approach is explored in the second part of the thesis, where continuous dynamics information on the system is also retained to help better isolate or identify faults. A hybrid system framework is presented that models both continuous dynamics and discrete evolution in dynamical systems, based on detecting changes in the fundamental governing dynamics of the system rather than on residual estimation. This makes it possible to handle systems that might not be well characterised and where parameter drift is present. The discrete aspect of the hybrid system model is used to derive diagnosability conditions using indicator functions for the detection and isolation of multiple, arbitrary sequential or simultaneous events in hybrid dynamical networks. Issues with diagnosis in the presence of uncertainty in measurements due sensor or actuator noise are addressed. Faults may generate symptoms that are in the same order of magnitude as the latter. The use of statistical techniques,within a hybrid system framework, is proposed to detect these elusive fault symptoms and translate this information into probabilities for the actual operational mode and possibility of transition between modes which makes it possible to apply probabilistic analysis on the system to handle the underlying uncertainty present.
A Chesapeake Childhood:  Teaching Colonial Childhood History at the Geddes-Piper House
Creators: name: Estep, Erin Jacqueline
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2011
Subjects: Chesapeake
Chestertown
childhood
children
colonial
Geddes-Piper House

description: The Historical Society of Kent County, located at the Geddes-Piper House in Chestertown, Maryland, is in the process of revitalizing its interpretive programs in order to remain relevant within the community and address a wider audience, including school-age children.  This thesis provides context for the HSKC's work, a teacher background narrative about life and childhood in the colonial Chesapeake, a tour about childhood in the colonial Chesapeake for docents at the Geddes-Piper House, and materials for pre- and post-visit activities in the classroom.  The teacher background narrative allows teachers to understand that life in the colonial Chesapeake varied widely depending on race, socioeconomic status, and whether one was free, slave, or indentured.  The tour and classroom materials are tailored for upper elementary students, and aims to give students a nuanced view of childhood in the colonial Chesapeake as well as to help them place their local history within the larger framework of Maryland and American history.
Artificial variability in XMM-Newton observations of X-ray sources: M31 as a case study
Creators: name: Barnard, R.
name: Trudolyubov, S.
name: Haswell, C. A.
name: Kolb, U. C.
name: Osborne, J. P.
name: Priedhorsky, W. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Power density spectra (PDS) that are characteristic of low mass X-ray binaries (LMXBs) have been previously reported for M31 X-ray sources observed by XMM-Newton. However, we have recently discovered that these PDS are false positives resulting from the improper manipulation of non-simultaneous lightcurves. The lightcurves produced by the XMM-Newton Science Analysis Software (SAS) are non-synchronised by default. This affects not only the combination of lightcurves from the three EPIC detectors (MOS1, MOS2 and pn), but also background subtraction in the same CCD. It is therefore imperative that all SAS-generated lightcurves are synchronised by time filtering, even if the whole observation is to be used. We combined simulated lightcurves at various intensities with various offsets and found that the artefact is more dependent on the offset than the intensity. While previous timing results from M31 have been proven wrong, and also the broken power law PDS in NGC 4559 ULX-7, XMM-Newton was able to detect aperiodic variability in just 3 ks of observations of NGC 5408 ULX1. Hence XMM-Newton remains a viable tool for analysing variability in extra-galactic X-ray sources.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures; to appear in proceedings for "The multicoloured landscape of compact objects and their explosive progenitors", Cefalu', Sicily, 2006 June 11-24, AIP, in press
Forking Without Clicking: on How to Identify Software Repository Forks
Creators: name: Pietri, Antoine
name: Rousseau, Guillaume
name: Zacchiroli, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The notion of software ''fork'' has been shifting over time from the (negative) phenomenon of community disagreements that result in the creation of separate development lines and ultimately software products, to the (positive) practice of using distributed version control system (VCS) repositories to collaboratively improve a single product without stepping on each others toes. In both cases the VCS repositories participating in a fork share parts of a common development history. Studies of software forks generally rely on hosting platform metadata, such as GitHub, as the source of truth for what constitutes a fork. These ''forge forks'' however can only identify as forks repositories that have been created on the platform, e.g., by clicking a ''fork'' button on the platform user interface. The increased diversity in code hosting platforms (e.g., GitLab) and the habits of significant development communities (e.g., the Linux kernel, which is not primarily hosted on any single platform) call into question the reliability of trusting code hosting platforms to identify forks. Doing so might introduce selection and methodological biases in empirical studies. In this article we explore various definitions of ''software forks'', trying to capture forking workflows that exist in the real world. We quantify the differences in how many repositories would be identified as forks on GitHub according to the various definitions, confirming that a significant number could be overlooked by only considering forge forks. We study the structure and size of fork networks , observing how they are affected by the proposed definitions and discuss the potential impact on empirical research.
Coupled quintessence and curvature-assisted acceleration
Creators: name: Bieli, Roger
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spatially homogeneous models with a scalar field non-minimally coupled to the space-time curvature or to the ordinary matter content are analysed with respect to late-time asymptotic behaviour, in particular to accelerated expansion and isotropization. It is found that a direct coupling to the curvature leads to asymptotic de Sitter expansion in arbitrary exponential potentials, thus yielding a positive cosmological constant although none is apparent in the potential. This holds true regardless of the steepness of the potential or the smallness of the coupling constant. For matter-coupled scalar fields, the asymptotics are obtained for a large class of positive potentials, generalizing the well-known cosmic no-hair theorems for minimal coupling. In this case it is observed that the direct coupling to matter does not impact the late-time dynamics essentially.
description: 17 pages, no figures. v2: typos corrected
Death for Dishonor in Danville:  An Examination of the 1880 Honor Killing of Mary Dejarnette
Creators: name: Pente, Elizabeth Ruth
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2013
Subjects: American South
Culture of Honor
Gilded Age
Honor Killing
Post-Reconstruction
Prostitution

description: On July 10, 1880, Thomas Dejarnette shot his sister Mary Dejarnette in the brothel she was working in, known as the Blonde Hall, in Danville Virginia.  Thomas declared that he had shot his sister with the intent of avenging his family's honor, which she had tainted by becoming a prostitute.  During the eight days between the shooting and her death, newspapers reported that Mary made remarks wishing no punishment be given to her brother as he had done his duty and done what was right.  Upon her death, Thomas faced multiple trials, which eventually resulted in his acquittal based on an insanity defense in 1881.  Further, the New York Times reported that the verdict met with the approval of the community, as evidenced by applause in the courtroom following the acquittal announcement.  This case raises many questions that relate to the history of prostitution, Southern culture, and honor killings.  Through analysis of primary sources such as newspapers, census reports, court testimony, and medical investigations, I create a microhistory of the crime and argue that the nineteenth-century Southern culture of honor and society's oppression of women created circumstances that led to the honor killing of Mary Dejarnette and the subsequent acquittal of her brother.  It is my contention that understanding the cultural beliefs that led to Mary's death and Thomas' acquittal will raise awareness that honor killings are not strictly a foreign occurrence and have occurred in the historical record of the United States.
Accurate measurement of ^{13}C - ^{15}N distances with solid-state NMR
Creators: name: Lee, Jae-Seung
name: Khitrin, A. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Solid-state NMR technique for measureing distances between hetero-nuclei in static powder samples is described. It is based on a two-dimensional single-echo scheme enhanced with adiabatic cross-polarization. As an example, the results for intra-molecular distances in $α$-crystalline form of glycine are presented. The measured NMR distances ^13 C(2) - ^15 N and ^13 C(1) - ^15 N are 1.496 $\pm$ 0.002 Åand 2.50 $\pm$ 0.02 Å, respectively.
description: 12 pages