Rhinolophus siamensis Gyldenstolpe 1917
Creators: name: Burgin, Connor
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Chiroptera
Rhinolophidae
Rhinolophus
Rhinolophus siamensis

description: 45. Thai Horseshoe <i>Bat</i> <i>Rhinolophus siamensis</i> French: Rhinolophe siamois / <b>German:</b> <i>Thai-Hufeisennase</i> / <b>Spanish:</b> Herradura siamesa <b>Other</b> <i>common</i> <b>names:</b> Siamese Horseshoe Bat Taxonomy. <i>Rhinolophus macrotis siamensis</i> Gyldenstolpe, 1917, “ Doi Par Sakeng, Northwestern Siam [= Thailand]. ” <i>Rhinolophus siamensis</i> is in the <i>macrotis</i> species group and is genetically sister to <i>R episcopus,</i> which was <i>recently</i> validated as a distinct species from <i>R macrotis. Rhinolophus siamensis</i> generally has been included as a subspecies of <i>R macrotis,</i> but is <i>now</i> regarded as a separate species based on broad sympatry and lack of hybridization. <i>Recently</i> described. <i>huananus</i> is now considered a synonym of AE <i>siamensis</i> based on genetic data and apparent lack of reliable differentiating morphological traits. Monotypic. <b>Distribution.</b> S China (Yunnan, Guangxi, Hunan, and Guangdong), N Thailand, N &amp; C Laos, and N &amp; <i>C</i> Vietnam. Descriptive <b>notes.</b> Head-body 33- 5— 40 mm, tail 13-22 mm, ear 19-22- 6 mm, hindfoot 8-9 mm, forearm 36-41 mm; weight 4-5—6- 4 g. The Thai Horseshoe Bat is similar to the <i>Big-eared</i> Horseshoe Bat (<i>AE macrotis)</i> but distinguished by its much higher frequency calls and smaller size. Dorsal pelage is pale brown; venter is paler buff. There is no known orange morph. Males lack <i>axillary</i> tufts. Ears are <i>proportionally</i> long. Noseleaf has subtriangular lancet, with narrow, rounded tip and convex sides; connecting process is rounded with straight anterior edge when <i>viewed</i> laterally; sella is hairy, broad, rounded at tip, long, and upward facing; and horseshoe is broad at 6-7-8- 3 mm, completely covers muzzle, has moderately developed lateral leaflets concealed by horseshoe, and has small but distinct median emargination. Lower lip has three medial grooves. Skull is similar to the Big-eared Horseshoe Bat. P2 is in tooth row and relatively large, separating C1 and P4, and P3 is small and labially displaced from tooth row. <b>Habitat.</b> Apparently tropical and subtropical moist forests in lowland or middle elevation habitats. <b>Food and</b> Feeding. No information. Breeding. No information. <b>Activity patterns.</b> Thai Horseshoe Bats are nocturnal. They are known to roost in caves. Call shape is FM/CF/FM, with F component recordeed at 66-71 -8 kHz in China and 68—74 kHz in Laos. <b>Movements, Home range and Social organization.</b> No information. <b>Status and Conservation.</b> Classified as Least Concern on <i>The IUCN Red List.</i> There are <i>currently</i> no known threats to the Thai Horseshoe Bat, although little is known about its ecology and natural history. Additional research is needed. <b>Bibliography.</b> Chiozza (2008a), Csorba eta/. (2003), Francis (2008a), Liu Tong eta/. (2019), Smith &amp; <i>XieYan</i> (2008), Tu Vuong Tan, Hassanin et <i>al.</i> (2017), WuYi <i>et</i> al. (2008), Zhang Libiao, Jones <i>et</i> al. (2009), <i>Zhang</i> Lin eta/. (2018).
description: Published as part of <i>Burgin, Connor, 2019, Rhinolophidae, pp. 280-332 in Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona :Lynx Edicions</i> on pages 301-302, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3748525