cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Magnetic Field, Dust, and Axisymmetrical Mass Loss on the AGB
Creators: name: Soker, Noam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I propose a mechanism for axisymmetrical mass loss on the asymptotic giant branch, that may account for the axially symmetric structure of elliptical planetary nebulae. The proposed model operates for slowly rotating AGB stars, having angular velocities of 0.0001 the Keplerian velocity. Such angular velocities could be gained from a planet companion of mass 0.1M(Jupiter), or even from single stars which are fast rotators on the main sequence. The model assumes that dynamo magnetic activity results in the formation of cool spots, above which dust forms much easily. The enhanced magnetic activity toward the equator results in a higher dust formation rate there, and hence higher mass loss rate. As the star ascends the AGB, both the mass loss rate and magnetic activity increase rapidly, and hence the mass loss becomes more asymmetrical, with higher mass loss rate closer to the equatorial plane.
description: Latex, uses aasms4.sty, 15 pages, Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Detecting Planets in Planetary Nebulae
Creators: name: Soker, Noam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the possibility of detecting signatures of surviving Uranus-Neptune-like planets inside planetary nebulae. Planets that are not too close to the stars, orbital separation larger than about 5 AU, are likely to survive the entire evolution of the star. As the star turns into a planetary nebula, it has a fast wind and a strong ionizing radiation. The interaction of the radiation and wind with a planet may lead to the formation of a compact condensation or tail inside the planetary nebula, which emits strongly in Halpha, but not in [OIII]. The position of the condensation (or tail) will change over a time of about 10 years. Such condensations might be detected with currently existing telescopes.
description: Latex, uses aasms4.sty, 10 pages, preprint
Molecular signals from primordial clouds at high redshift
Creators: name: Maoli, R.
name: Ferrucci, V.
name: Melchiorri, F.
name: Signore, M.
name: Tosti, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The possibility to detect cosmological signals from the post-recombination Universe is one of the main aims of modern cosmology. In a previous paper we emphasized the role that elastic resonant scattering through LiH molecules can have in dumping primary CBR anisotropies and raising secondary signals. Here we extend our analysis to all the evolutionary stages of a primordial cloud, starting with the linear phase, through the turn-around and to the non linear collapse. We have done calculations for proto-clouds in a CDM scenario and, more generally, for a set of clouds with various masses and various turn-around redshifts, in this case without referring to any particular structure formation scenario. We found that the first phase of collapse, for $t/t_{free-fall}=0.05÷0.2$ is the best one for simultaneous detection of the first two LiH rotational lines. The observational frequency falls between 30 and 250 GHz and the line width ${Δν\over ν}$ is between $10^{-5}$ and $10^{-4}$. As far as we know this is the most favourable process to detect primordial clouds before they start star formation processes.
description: 26 pages, uuencoded compressed postscript, 7 figures included. Accepted for publication in Ap. J
Does the Fine Structure Constant Really Vary in Time?
Creators: name: Livio, Mario
name: Stiavelli, Massimo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss how laboratory experiments can be used to place constraints on possible variations of the fine structure constant alpha in the observationally relevant redshift interval z ~= 0 - 5, within a rather general theoretical framework. We find a worst case upper limit for Delta alpha / alpha of 8 x 10^-6 for z <= 5 and Delta alpha / alpha of 0.9 x 10^-6 for z <= 1.6. The derived limits are at variance with the recent findings by Webb et al. (1998), who claim an observed variation of Delta alpha/alpha = -2.6 +- 0.4 x 10^-5 at 1
description: 11 pages, 2 figures, ApJL in press
HARPO, a gas TPC active target for high-performance $γ$-ray astronomy; demonstration of the polarimetry of MeV $γ$-rays converting to $e^+ e^-$ pair
Creators: name: Bernard, Denis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: No $γ$-ray polarimeter sensitive above 1 MeV has ever flown space. $γ$-ray polarimetry would be a new window on the radiative processes at work in cosmic sources, processes that produce linearly polarised emission, each of which with different polarisation fractions. The HARPO Collaboration has designed, built and characterised on beam a gas-TPC active target with which we have demonstrated for the first time the polarimetry of a linearly polarised MeV $γ$-ray beam, from the analysis of the conversions to $e^+ e^-$ pairs.
description: Presented at PM2018, 14th Pisa Meeting on advanced detectors, 27 May - 02 June 2018, Isola d'Elba, Italy
Additional file 1: of The survivability of dialectical behaviour therapy programmes: a mixed methods analysis of barriers and facilitators to implementation within UK healthcare settings
Creators: name: King, Joanne
name: Hibbs, Richard
name: Saville, Christopher
name: Swales, Michaela
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Online Survey Questionnaire. (PDF 10203 kb)
Thermodynamics of charged AdS black holes in rainbow gravity
Creators: name: Li, Ping
name: He, Miao
name: Ding, Jia-Cheng
name: Hu, Xian-Ru
name: Deng, Jian-Bo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, the thermodynamic property of charged AdS black holes is studied in rainbow gravity. By the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle and the modified dispersion relation, we obtain deformed temperature. Moreover, in rainbow gravity we calculate the heat capacity in a fixed charge and discuss the thermal stability. We also obtain a similar behaviour with the liquid-gas system in extending phase space (including \(P\) and \(r\)) and study its critical behavior with the pressure given by the cosmological constant and with a fixed black hole charge \(Q\). Furthermore, we study the Gibbs function and find its characteristic swallow tail behavior, which indicates the phase transition. We also find there is a special value about the mass of test particle which would lead the black hole to zero temperature and a diverging heat capacity with a fixed charge.
description: 16 pages, 6 figures
Cervus camelopardalis Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Artiodactyla
Cervidae
Cervus
Cervus camelopardalis

description: Cervus camelopardalis [spec. nov.]
C. cornibus simplicissimis, pedibus anticis longissimis. Syst. nat. 13. n. 1.
Camelo - pardalis. Bellon. itin. 119. Raj. quadr. 90. Hasselqv. act. Ups. 1750. p. 15. itin. 203.
Habitat in Aethiopia & Sennar.
Pronus cubat more Cameli; Gramen depascitur divaricatis pedibus anticis, sed arborum imprimis vescitur foliis.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 66, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Chemical attack on fragments of asteroids
Creators: name: Potiszil, Christian
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2017

description: Meteoritic organic matter has been studied widely, especially the solvent soluble or free organic matter (FOM) fraction. However, the different components that make up the insoluble or macromolecular organic matter (MOM) fraction have drawn little attention, with most studies focussed on the overall nature of this organic polymer. The current study has employed a series of analytical techniques, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and Raman spectroscopy, in conjunction with chemical degradation and high pressure procedures, in order to probe the nature of the MOM and FOM fractions of the CM2 chondrites: Murchison and Mighei. GC-MS has revealed that the FOM fraction is easily contaminated by microbial activity, but that there are a considerable variety of pyranone related compounds and aromatic acids that are likely indigenous. FTIR spectroscopic mapping of the FOM and MOM fractions supports the strong relationship between meteoritic organic matter and phyllosilicates, consistent with the generation of portions of meteorite organic matter, including many FOM and some LOM compounds, via aqueous alteration. Ratios of CH2 to CH3 calculated for asymmetric stretching indicate that Murchison has shorter chain length and/or more highly branched aliphatic compounds than Mighei. Petrographic studies indicate a higher degree of aqueous alteration for Mighei than Murchison and this suggests that the CH2/CH3 ratios might be explained by some degradation of the aromatic rings during aqueous alteration, which could generate the longer aliphatic chains and increase the CH2/CH3 ratio of Mighei compared to Murchison. The inverse relationship between the ratio of phyllosilicates to anhydrous silicates and silicate Si-O stretching to carboxyl hydroxyl stretching indicate the Murchison parent body accreted with or synthesised a higher abundance of carboxyl rich organic matter than that of Mighei. The refractory organic matter (ROM) component of MOM, which is isolated after chemical degradation, demonstrates a statistical similarity between both meteorites in FTIR and Raman spectroscopy; an observation that suggests a common organic progenitor may have been accreted by all CM chondrites and possibly all carbonaceous chondrites. Pressure is an important, but often neglected parameter relating to the origin of meteoritic organic matter. Model compounds, representing the oxygen and aromatic containing functionalities of MOM, have revealed the importance of intermolecular hydrogen bonding under pressure. Hydrogen bonding has been observed to facilitate esterification and is a plausible process by which portions of MOM could be generated.
Cervus alces Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Artiodactyla
Cervidae
Cervus
Cervus alces

description: Cervus alces [spec. nov.]
C. cornibus acaulibus palmatis, caruncula gutturali. Syst. nat. 13. n. 2. Fn. svec. 37.
Alce. Gesn. quadr. 1, 3, 4. Aldr. bisulc. 836. Jonst. quadr. t. 30. Bonan. mus. t. 295. Olear. mus. t. 9. f. 2. Raj. quadr. 39.
Habitat in borealibus Europae, Asiaeque Populetis.
Ungula ferit; 50 milliaria de die percurrit; corium globum plumbeum fere eludit.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on pages 66-67, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
The ontogeny of innate immunity in Gambian infants
Creators: name: Battersby, Anna
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2017

description: Background: Neonatal infections are a major cause of childhood morbidity and mortality world-wide. Our limited understanding of how the neonatal immune system functions is one of the major roadblocks to the prevention and treatment of these infections. Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) detect common microbial antigens and are critical in the early innate immune response. Mucosal exposure to bacterial antigen may shape the ontogeny of infant immunity. Methods: Longitudinal cohort study of healthy Gambian infants assessed at 6 time-points over the first year of life. Microbiological culture techniques were performed to detect bacteria colonising the nasopharynx. Secreted cytokine and antimicrobial protein (AMP) levels were measured in supernatants from in vitro whole blood assays testing responses to PRR agonists. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to measure PRR agonist induced transcriptional responses in whole blood. Results: 54 eligible infants were recruited at birth and 46 were followed-up until 12- months old. Bacterial colonisation of the nasopharyngeal mucosa occurred early in life. Infant age and bacterial colonisation status were significantly associated with the magnitude of specific PRR agonist induced intracellular immune pathway gene transcription and extracellular innate immune protein secretion. Co-stimulation of infant blood with NLR and TLR agonists induced synergistic effects on innate immune responses. Conclusions: Innate immune responses in Gambian infants are age-dependent and are associated with specific nasopharyngeal bacterial colonisation particularly during the neonatal period.
Substructure: Clues to the Formation of Clusters of Galaxies
Creators: name: West, Michael J.
name: Jones, Christine
name: Forman, William
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have examined the spatial distribution of substructure in clusters of galaxies using Einstein X-ray observations. Subclusters are found to have a markedly anisotropic distribution that reflects the surrounding matter distribution on supercluster scales. Our results suggest a picture in which cluster formation proceeds by mergers of subclusters along large-scale filaments. The implications of such an anisotropic formation process for the shapes, orientations and kinematics of clusters are discussed briefly.
description: 7 pages, uuencoded compressed postscript. To appear in ApJ Letters (September 20, 1995 issue)
Cervus elaphus Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Artiodactyla
Cervidae
Cervus
Cervus elaphus

description: Cervus elaphus [spec. nov.]
C. cornibus ramosis teretibus incurvis. Faun. suec. 38. Syst. nat. 13. n. 3.
Cervus. Gesn. quadr. 1, 3, 4. Aldr. bisulc. 774. Jonst. quadr. t. 31. Raj. quadr. 84.
Habitat in Europa, Asia.
Aetas Bovis tantum; fabula est longaevitatis cervi. Cystide fellea caret Cervi genus.
Anatome. E. N. C. cent. 10. app. 448.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 67, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Evolution of velocity and scalar gradients in a spatially developing turbulence
Creators: name: Paul, Immanuvel
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2017

description: This thesis investigates three major topics for a spatially developing turbulence using direct numerical simulations. The subjects of this study are: (i) velocity gradients in fluid turbulence, (ii) temperature gradients in scalar turbulence and (iii) heat transfer from a cylinder due to free-stream turbulence. A square grid-element is used to generate fluid, scalar and free-stream turbulence. The square grid-element is a fundamental building block to both the classical and fractal grids. The large-scale terms of fluid and scalar turbulence are generated mainly behind the bars of the grid-element due to the action of mean velocity and scalar gradients. On the other hand, the small-scale terms are generated behind the bar predominately by the stretching/compressing of fluctuating velocity and scalar gradient vectors by the turbulent strain-rate. These quantities are then transported to the grid-element centreline through the action of turbulent transport. The best defined -5/3 slope of the turbulent velocity and scalar spectra is observed close to the grid-element where the turbulence is highly inhomogeneous and the small-scale terms have just started developing. The universal characteristics of velocity and scalar gradients are observed in the far-downstream where the turbulence is approximately homogeneous and the values of Taylor-length-based Reynolds and Corrsin-length-based Peclet numbers are very low. The inhomogeneous production region of the grid-element is observed to increase heat transfer from a cylinder substantially although its turbulent intensity is similar to that of the homogeneous decay region. It is noted that the turbulence in the production region is unique with its dominant frequency of fluctuations close to the shedding frequency and with the prevalence of azimuthal vortical structures which start increasing the heat transfer even before they get stretched by the accelerating boundary layer.
Titin resequencing and genetic discovery in human heart failure
Creators: name: Rea, Gillian
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2017

description: The overarching goal of the studies presented in this thesis was to study and better understand the genes and mechanisms underlying human rare and common heart muscle disease in early- and late-onset disease, respectively, using a range of genomic and informatic approaches. Although largely attributed to Ischaemic Heart Disease (IHD)-associated muscle damage, many non-IHD genes and pathways have been associated with HF, including those associated with inherited cardiomyopathies. The importance of the role of Titin (TTN), a major determinant of myocardial and ventricular function in both familial and “idiopathic” Dilated Cardiomyopathy (DCM), has recently been ascertained. Identifying the contribution of TTN variants, in a population of well phenotyped patients with Cardiac Magnetic Resonance (CMR) evidence of Myocardial Infarction (MI) and disproportionately reduced Left Ventricular (LV) function (‘dual-pathology’), was undertaken here to test the hypothesis that variants in TTN may contribute to heart failure in the context of IHD. In addition, Whole Exome Sequencing and applied informatics methodologies were used to prioritize a causative (new) gene as the underlying genetic aetiology of an ultra rare cardiac phenotype (Histiocytoid Cardiomyopathy). Taken together these studies show genetic approaches for studying rare variant effect in heart muscle disease of the young and in the general population and identify new genes and biology that broaden our understanding and propose possible clinical applications.
Computational analysis of blood flow in type B aortic dissection with multiple tears and side branches
Creators: name: Crispin Corzo, Ana Irene
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2017

description: Aortic dissection (AD) is a multifactorial disease that affects the aorta. The trigger of AD is the formation of a tear in the wall of the aorta which splits the wall layers allowing blood flows inside it. The propagation of dissection along the wall creates two separate cavities, a true lumen (TL) and a false lumen (FL) divided by a septum. AD is associated with complicated haemodynamics which in turn affects the progression of the disease. The aim of this project was to analyse flow characteristics and wall shear stress in hypothetical and realistic models with different tear sizes, branch vessel distributions and outlet boundary conditions. First, an idealised model without branches was created to examine the influence of entry and re-entry tear sizes. Four combinations of tear sizes were examined for this purpose. This was followed by an idealised model with branches, for which 30 simulations, with different branch vessel distribution, were performed to evaluate the importance of inflow and outflow capacities of the TL and FL. Finally, a patient-specific model was built based on medical images, and the effects of outlet boundary conditions were investigated. It was found that pressure difference between the TL and FL, velocities and wall shear stress (WSS) distributions were sensitive to the size of all the tears and their ratio. A balance between the inflow and outflow capacities of the FL reduced the risk of collapse and could help stabilise the dissection. However, increasing the inflow capacity of the TL increased the pressure in the already pressurized lumen, while increasing the outflow capacity reduced the pressure in the TL and may induce TL collapse. Results from the patient-specific model confirmed that the Windkesel outflow boundary condition appeared to be the most promising as it correctly predicted a reduction of flow into the TL branches and a significant increase of flow into the FL branch, in accordance with the in vivo observation. However, the predicted flow patterns, WSS distributions and pressure differences were not particularly sensitive to the type of outflow boundary conditions employed.
Effective-field-theory predictions of the muon-deuteron capture rate
Creators: name: Acharya, Bijaya
name: Ekström, Andreas
name: Platter, Lucas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We quantify the theoretical uncertainties of chiral effective-field-theory predictions of the muon-deuteron capture rate. Theoretical error estimates of this low-energy process is important for a reliable interpretation of forthcoming experimental results by the MuSun collaboration. Specifically, we estimate the three dominant sources of uncertainties that impact theoretical calculations of this rate: those resulting from uncertainties in the pool of fit data used to constrain the coupling constants in the nuclear interaction, those due to the truncation of the effective field theory, and those due to uncertainties in the axial radius of the nucleon. For the capture rate into the ${}^1S_0$ channel, we find an uncertainty of approximately $4.6~s^{-1}$ due to the truncation in the effective field theory and an uncertainty of $3.9~s^{-1}$ due to the uncertainty in the axial radius of the nucleon, both of which are similar in size to the targeted experimental precision.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures
Additional file 6: of Society for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance (SCMR) expert consensus for CMR imaging endpoints in clinical research: part I - analytical validation and clinical qualification
Creators: name: Puntmann, Valentina
name: Valbuena, Silvia
name: Rocio Hinojar
name: Petersen, Steffen
name: Greenwood, John
name: Kramer, Christopher
name: Kwong, Raymond
name: McCann, Gerry
name: Berry, Colin
name: Nagel, Eike
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: T2* mapping tables. Table 3c-iii.1: Correlation of T2* mapping indices with histological substrates. Table 3c-iii.2: Correlation of myocardial native T2* mapping with other imaging biomarkers. Table 3c-iii.3: Intra, interobserver and interstudy variability reported for native T2* using various sequences and field strengths. Studies reported if included interstudy reproducibility. Table 3c-iii.4: Normal values for myocardial and liver native T2* reported for different sequences and magnetic fields. Table 3c-iii.5: Proof of concept studies with T2* indices differentiating between health and disease. Table 3c-iii.6: Outcome studies and treatment comparisonsâ studies using T2* indices. (DOCX 66 kb)
Cervus tarandus Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Artiodactyla
Cervidae
Cervus
Cervus tarandus

description: Cervus tarandus [spec. nov.]
C. cornibus ramosis teretibus: summitatibus palmatis. Faun. suec. 39. Syst. nat. 13. n. 4.
Rangifer. Gesn. quadr. 141. Olear. mus. 16. t. 10. f. 3. Raj. quadr. 88.
Tarandus. Aldr. bisulc. 859. t. 861.
Rheno. Amoen. acad. 4. p.
Habitat in Alpibius Europae & Asiae maxime septentrionalibus, victitat Lichene rangiferino.
Uterque sexus cornutus est ut in Camelopardale, ramo infimo etjam palmato; castratus quotannis cornua deponit. Vellus densissimum. Pulices, Oestra, Tabani ad alpes cogunt, crepitantibus ungulis. Pecora Lapponum caseosa. Aetas XVI annorum.
Anatome. Barth. act. 1671. n. 135.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 67, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Cosmic microwave background anisotropy power spectrum statistics for high precision cosmology
Creators: name: Wandelt, Benjamin D.
name: Hivon, Eric
name: Gorski, Krzysztof M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As the era of high precision cosmology approaches, the empirically determined power spectrum of the microwave background anisotropy, $C_l$, will provide a crucial test for cosmological theories. We present a unified semi-analytic framework for the study of the statistical properties of the $C_l$ coefficients computed from the results of balloon, ground based, and satellite experiments. An illustrative application shows that commonly used approximations {\it bias} the estimation of the baryon parameter $Ω_b$ at the 1% level even for a satellite capturing as much as $\sim 70$% of the sky.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures. Also available at http://www.tac.dk/~wandelt/downloads.html
Hubble Space Telescope Observations of White Dwarfs in the Globular Cluster M4
Creators: name: Richer, Harvey B.
name: Fahlman, Gregory G.
name: Ibata, Rodrigo A.
name: Stetson, Peter B.
name: Bell, Roger A.
name: Bolte, Michael
name: Bond, Howard E.
name: Harris, William E.
name: Hesser, James E.
name: Mandushev, Georgi
name: Pryor, Carlton
name: VandenBerg, Don A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With the Wide Field Planetary Camera 2 (WFPC2) on the Hubble Space Telescope, we have discovered in M4 (NGC 6121, C 1620-264) the first extensive sequence of cooling white dwarfs seen in a globular cluster. Adopting a distance modulus of (m-M)_V = 12.65 and a reddening of E(B-V) = 0.37, we show that the sequence, which extends over 9 < M_U < 13, is comprised of white dwarfs of mass \sim 0.5 M_{\odot}. The total mass loss from the present turnoff to the white dwarf sequence is 0.31 M_{\odot} and the intrinsic dispersion in the mean mass appears to be < 0.05 M_{\odot}. Both the location of the white dwarf cooling sequence in the cluster color-magnitude diagram and the cumulative luminosity function attest to the basic correctness and completeness of the physics in theoretical models for the upper three magnitudes of the observed white dwarf cooling sequence. To test the theory in globular clusters at cooling ages beyond \sim 3 \times 10^8 years will require deeper and more complete data.
description: To appear in the Astrophysical Journal Letters, 451, September 20, 1995. The text is also available as a postscript file from http://www.astro.ubc.ca/people/richer/m4wd/m4wd.ps with postscript files of the figures available in http://www.astro.ubc.ca/people/richer/m4wd/fig1.ps http://www.astro.ubc.ca/people/richer/m4wd/fig2.ps http://www.astro.ubc.ca/people/richer/m4wd/fig3.ps
Molecular simulations of thermodiffusion and thermoelectric effects in aqueous solutions
Creators: name: Di Lecce, Silvia
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2017

description: Thermal gradients applied across aqueous solutions give rise to several fascinating coupling phenomena, such as the Ludwig-Soret (thermodiffusion or thermophoresis) and the Seebeck (thermoelectricity) effects, in which temperature gradients induce concentration gradients or electric fields, respectively. Experimental studies of alkali halide aqueous solutions reported changes in the sign of the Soret coefficient, as well as minima which appear at specific concentration and temperature. We perform non-equilibrium molecular dynamics (NEMD) simulations to investigate the thermophoretic response of those solutions. The existence of a minimum in the Soret coefficient of LiCl solutions is verified, showing that the hydration shell of Li+ has a significant impact on the minimum. The role of the hydration of solute in determining thermodiffusion of aqueous solutions is further highlighted, studying the thermal response of formamide and urea solutions, which is extremely sensitive to the solute-solvent interactions. Additionally, we describe a NEMD approach to quantify the Seebeck effect in aqueous solutions and its dependence on temperature and concentration. Our simulations provide microscopic insight into the origin of this phenomenon, highlighting the importance of the recently discovered thermal orientation of water in determining thermoelectricity. The Soret and Seebeck effects have been interpreted through the heat of transport. Although there are early estimations of this quantity, compute the heat of transport of individual ions remains an outstanding question both experimentally and theoretically. A new computational approach to calculate the heat of transport of aqueous solutions is provided. The heat of transport is significantly different from the theoretical estimates at infinite dilution. Innovative applications of thermal coupling phenomena involve nanofluidics devices. NEMD simulations are used to investigate thermophoresis in salt solutions and thermal orientation of water molecules confined in amorphous silica nanopores and carbon nanotubes, respectively. Our results show that confinements influence the thermal molecular orientation and make solutions more thermophilic.
Cervus dama Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Artiodactyla
Cervidae
Cervus
Cervus dama

description: Cervus dama [spec. nov.]
C. cornibus ramosis compressis: summitatibus palmatis. Faun. suec. 40. Syst. nat. 13. n. 5.
Dama. Bell. itin. 57. Gesn. quadr. 84. Aldr. bisulc. 741. Jonst. quadr. 82.
Cervus platyceros. Raj. quadr. 85.
Habitat in Europa.
Arcetur filo horizontali.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 67, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
The Soft-X-Ray Spectral Shape of X-Ray-Weak Seyferts
Creators: name: Rush, Brian
name: Malkan, Matthew A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: (I) We observed eight Seyfert~2s and two X--ray--weak Seyfert~1/QSOs with the ROSAT PSPC, and one Seyfert~2 with the ROSAT HRI. These targets were selected from the Extended 12\um\ Galaxy Sample. (II) Both Seyfert~1/QSOs vary by factors of 1.5---2. The photon indices steepen in the more luminous state, consistent with the variability being mainly due to the softest X--rays, which are confined to a size of less than a parsec. (III) Both the Seyfert~2s and Seyfert~1/QSOs are best fit with a photon index of $Γ\sim3$, which is steeper than the canonical value of $Γ\sim1.7$ measured for X--ray--strong Seyferts by ROSAT and at higher energies. Several physical explanations are suggested for the steeper slopes of X--ray--weak objects. (IV) We observed one Seyfert~2, NGC~5005, with the ROSAT HRI, finding about 13\% of the soft X--rays to come from an extended component. This and other observations suggest that different components to the soft X--ray spectrum of some, if not all, X--ray--weak Seyferts may come from spatially distinct regions.
description: AASTeX, 13 pages. Text only. PostScript tables and figures available at ftp://eggneb.astro.ucla.edu/pub/rush/papers/, named rm-tables.ps (all 3), rm-figure6.ps (#6 only), and rm-figures.ps (#1-5,7-10). Scheduled for the 1996 January 10 issue of ApJ
Additional file 5: of Society for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance (SCMR) expert consensus for CMR imaging endpoints in clinical research: part I - analytical validation and clinical qualification
Creators: name: Puntmann, Valentina
name: Valbuena, Silvia
name: Rocio Hinojar
name: Petersen, Steffen
name: Greenwood, John
name: Kramer, Christopher
name: Kwong, Raymond
name: McCann, Gerry
name: Berry, Colin
name: Nagel, Eike
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: T2 mapping Tables. Table 3c-ii.1: Correlation of T2 mapping indices with histological substrates. Table 3c-ii.2: Correlation of T2 mapping indices with other imaging biomarkers. Table 3c-ii.3: Reproducibility for native T2 using various sequences and field strengths. Studies included if reported interstudy reproducibility. Table 3c-ii.4: Normal values for native T2 reported for different sequences and magnetic fields. Studies included if n>50 subjects. Table 3c-ii.5: Proof of concept studies with T2 indices differentiating between health and disease. Studies included if n>25 per patientsâ group (unless the only study published). (DOCX 46 kb)
Cosmological Formation of Low-Mass Objects
Creators: name: Haiman, Zoltan
name: Thoul, Anne A.
name: Loeb, Abraham
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the early formation of bound objects with masses comparable to the cosmological Jeans mass (10^5 solar masses). We follow the growth of isolated spherically symmetric density peaks starting from the linear perturbative regime. The initial parameters correspond to density peaks of various widths and heights in a Cold Dark Matter cosmology. We use a one-dimensional spherical Lagrangian hydrodynamics code to follow the dynamical, thermal, and non-equilibrium chemical evolution of the gas. The system includes a collisionless dark matter component and a baryonic component composed of the nine species H, H^-, H^+, He, He^+, He^{++}, H_2, H_2^+, and e^-. All relevant chemical reactions between these species and their cooling mechanisms are included in the calculations. We find that radiative cooling by H_2 affects the collapse dynamics of the gas only after it has already virialized and become part of the bound object. Therefore, radiative cooling is unlikely to have triggered the initial collapse of perturbations at redshifts z>10. Nevertheless, objects with baryonic masses well below the linear-theory Jeans mass (<10^3 solar masses) collapse due to shell crossing by the dark matter. Such objects could be the progenitors of a primordial population of high-mass stars in the intergalactic medium.
description: 40 pages, uuencoded compressed Postscript, 14 figures included as three separate files
Cluster Accretion Shocks as Possible Acceleration Sites for Ultra High Energy Protons below the Greisen Cutoff
Creators: name: Kang, Hyesung
name: Ryu, Dongsu
name: Jones, T. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Three-dimensional hydrodynamic simulations of large scale structure in the Universe have shown that accretion shocks form during the gravitational collapse of one-dimensional caustics, and that clusters of galaxies formed at intersections of the caustics are surrounded by these accretion shocks. Estimated speed and curvature radius of the shocks are 1000-3000 \kms and about 5 Mpc, respectively, in the $Ω=1$ CDM universe. Assuming that energetic protons are accelerated by these accretion shocks via the first-order Fermi process and modeling particle transport around the shocks through Bohm diffusion, we suggest that protons can be accelerated up to the {\it Greisen cutoff energy} near $6\times 10^{19}$ eV, provided the mean magnetic field strength in the region around the shocks is at least of order a microgauss. We have also estimated the proton flux at earth from the Virgo cluster. Assuming a few (1-10) \% of the ram pressure of the infalling matter would be transferred to the cosmic-rays, the estimated flux for $ E \sim 10^{19}$eV is consistent with observations, so that such clusters could be plausible sources of the UHE CRs.
description: 14 pages, uuencoded compressed postscript file. Accepted for Jan. 1, 1996 issue of ApJ
The stochastic gravitational-wave background in the absence of horizons
Creators: name: Barausse, Enrico
name: Brito, Richard
name: Cardoso, Vitor
name: Dvorkin, Irina
name: Pani, Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gravitational-wave astronomy has the potential to explore one of the deepest and most puzzling aspects of Einstein's theory: the existence of black holes. A plethora of ultracompact, horizonless objects have been proposed to arise in models inspired by quantum gravity. These objects may solve Hawking's information-loss paradox and the singularity problem associated with black holes, while mimicking almost all of their classical properties. They are, however, generically unstable on relatively short timescales. Here, we show that this "ergoregion instability" leads to a strong stochastic background of gravitational waves, at a level detectable by current and future gravitational-wave detectors. The absence of such background in the first observation run of Advanced LIGO already imposes the most stringent limits to date on black-hole alternatives, showing that certain models of "quantum-dressed" stellar black holes can be at most a small percentage of the total population. The future LISA mission will allow for similar constraints on supermassive black-hole mimickers.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures. Analysis improved by using spin-2 instability timescale, conclusions unchanged. Published in CQG Letters
Generalized quantum Rabi model with both one- and two-photon terms: A concise analytical study
Creators: name: Xie, You-Fei
name: Duan, Liwei
name: Chen, Qing-Hu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A generalized quantum Rabi Hamiltonian with both one- and two-photon terms has emerged in the circuit quantum electrodynamics system for a decade. The usual parity symmetry is broken naturally in the simultaneous presence of both couplings, which complicates analytical treatments, even in the rotating wave approximations. In this paper, we propose an adiabatic approximation to this generic model by using Bogoliubov operators, and obtain a very concise analytical solution for both eigenvalues and eigenstates. Although the adiabatic approximation is only exact in the vanishing limit of the qubit frequency, the results for some physical observables nevertheless agree well with the numerical ones in a wide parameter regime. In the rotating-wave approximations, we also derive an analytical eigensolution. Two dominant Rabi frequencies are found in the Rabi oscillations of this generalized model. We also apply the present analytical theory to the vacuum Rabi splitting. It is found that some new phenomena emerge just because of the presence of the additional two-photon coupling term.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures
Cervus bezoarticus Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Artiodactyla
Cervidae
Cervus
Cervus bezoarticus

description: Cervus bezoarticus [spec. nov.]
C. cornibus ramosis teretibus erectis: ramis tribus. �
Mazama. Hern. mex. 324.
Caguacu-&c. Marcgr. Bras. 235. Pis. bras. 98. Raj. quadr. 90.
Habitat in America australi.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 67, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Onset criteria for freely decaying isotropic turbulence
Creators: name: Yoffe, S. R.
name: McComb, W. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: From DNS of turbulence decaying from specified initial conditions for the range of initial Taylor-Reynolds numbers 2.58 < Rλ(0) < 358.6, it was found that the shape of the iconic curve of dimensionless dissipation versus Reynolds number depended strongly on the choice of measurement time. For our preferred time, a composite based on peak values in the dissipation and inertial transfer curves, the result was virtually identical to the forced, stationary case. In the course of studying onset criteria, we found that the exponent for the power-law decay of the energy decreased with increasing Reynolds number and lay in the range 1.35 < n < 2.60. An additional run was performed, using the data from a stationary, forced simulation with Rλ = 335 for the initial condition. The results of this suggested that the time taken for energy to pass through the cascade was about one half of an initial eddy turnover time.
Quantum limit to subdiffraction incoherent optical imaging
Creators: name: Tsang, Mankei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The application of quantum estimation theory to the problem of imaging two incoherent point sources has recently led to new insights and better measurements for incoherent imaging and spectroscopy. To establish a more general limit beyond the case of two sources, here I evaluate a quantum bound on the Fisher information that can be extracted by any far-field optical measurement about the moments of a subdiffraction object. The bound matches the performance of a spatial-mode-demultiplexing (SPADE) measurement scheme in terms of its scaling with the object size, indicating that SPADE is close to quantum-optimal. Coincidentally, the result is also applicable to the estimation of diffusion parameters with a quantum probe subject to random displacements.
description: 12 pages, 2 figures. v4: added 2 figures and made other minor improvements. Published
Additional file 4: of Expression of the neuroprotective protein aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator 2 correlates with neuronal stress and disability in models of multiple sclerosis
Creators: name: Tissa Rahim
name: Becquart, Pierre
name: Maria-Elizabeth Baeva
name: Quandt, Jacqueline
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: qPCR to examine Arnt2, Npas4, and Bdnf expression following exposure of cortical neuronal cultures to H2O2. Values are normalized to Î˛-actin. Bars represent average of 2 biological replicate/experiments. ARNT2 RNA levels remain largely unchanged. (PDF 295 kb)
Cervus capreolus Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Artiodactyla
Cervidae
Cervus
Cervus capreolus

description: Cervus capreolus [spec. nov.]
C. cornibus ramosis teretibus erectis: summitate bifida. Faun. suec. 41. Syst. nat. 13. n. 6.
Capra, Capreolus, Dorcas. Gesn. quadr. 64. Jonst. quadr. 33. t. 33.
Caprea plinii, Capreolus. Aldr. bisulc. 738. Raj. quadr. 89.
Habitat in Europa, Asia.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 68, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Grounded Hyperspheres as Squashed Wormholes
Creators: name: Alshal, H
name: Curtright, T
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute exterior Green functions for equipotential, grounded hyperspheres in N-dimensional electrostatics by squashing Riemannian wormholes, where an image charge is placed in the branch of the wormhole opposite the branch containing the source charge, thereby providing a vivid geometrical approach to a method first suggested in 1897 by Sommerfeld. We compare and contrast the strength and location of the image charge in the wormhole approach with that of the conventional Euclidean solution where an image charge of reduced magnitude is located inside the hypersphere. While the two approaches give mathematically equivalent Green functions, we believe they provide strikingly different physics perspectives.
description: Companion paper for arXiv:1805.11147 with minor typos corrected in version 2. To appear in J Math Phys
INSTABILITY IN RURAL-URBAN MIGRATION
Creators: name: Day, Richard
name: Dasgupta, Sudipto
name: Samar, Datta
name: Nugent, Jeffery
name: Day, Richard
name: Dasgupta, Sudipto
name: Samar, Datta
name: Nugent, Jeffery
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1986
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: labor market dynamics
subject: rural-urban migration
subject: economic development

description: Newly observed instances of reverse migration, i.e., migration from urban to rural areas, suggest the possibility that the labor market adjustment process could be unstable. We provide a theoretical analysis of this conjecture using a Harris-Todaro-Lewis model. A bifurcation analysis is presented that shows how various stable and unstable adjustments are possible including chaotic fluctuations and how these possibilities are related to adjustment speed, the productivity of industry and agriculture, and the relative importance of industry and population size. Examples of unstable adjustments in a hypothetical LDC and DC are given using "plausible" parameter values.