cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Smallholders, local governance, and benefit distribution in forestry projects: The case of tea oil forestry in China
Creators: name: Li, J.
name: Bluemling, B.
name: Herzfeld, T.
name: Feng, S.
name: Li, J.
name: Bluemling, B.
name: Herzfeld, T.
name: Feng, S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: Agribusiness
Land Economics/Use

description: While internationally, large-scale forestry projects have gained in importance for climate change mitigation, the implementation of such projects, particularly in regions with smallholder forestry like Southeast and East Asia, faces various obstacles. The organization of smallholders is one crucial element for the success of these projects. Hereby, an equal distribution of benefits is generally considered vital. It will support a balanced socio-economic development in poor rural areas, guaranteeing long-term success and a sustained stock of carbon sinks. China presents an especially interesting case of smallholder forestry. The conversion from collectively-managed to household-management forest in 2003, which is, however, still collectively owned, has increasedthe number of participants in large-scale forestry projects substantially. Simultaneously, the government has been promoting plantations for biodiesel production from oil seeds, such as jatropha and tea oil tree (camellia oleifera). Using the case of a governmental program for tea oil tree plantations, as well as the case of a European Investment bank project, this research inquires the distribution of benefits under their respective institutional arrangements and organization of smallholders. Empirical research was undertaken in three counties of Jiangxi province, China, in 2011, consisting of semi-structured stakeholder interviews and a survey with 308 smallholders. Results show that, on the village level, we can distinguish four implementation schemesof tea oil tree plantations, i.e. individual, partnership, collective, and cooperation with company. Distinguishing factors for these schemes are property rights relations, monetary input distribution, productive resource distribution and extension services. As this research will show, these criteria impact the distribution mechanisms of output sharing, respectively generating different distribution effects for poor smallholders. Results will be important also for other countries where smallholder forestry is prevalent, and carbon sink projects are to be implemented.
Matter waves from quantum sources in a force field
Creators: name: Kramer, Tobias
name: Bracher, Christian
name: Kleber, Manfred
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Localized scattering phenomena may result in the formation of stationary matter waves originating from a compact region in physical space. Mathematically, such waves are advantageously expressed in terms of quantum sources that are introduced into the Schrödinger equation. The source formalism yields direct access to the scattering wave function, particle distribution, and total current. As an example, we study emission from three-dimensional Gaussian sources into a homogeneous force field. This model describes the behaviour of an atom laser supplied by an ideal Bose-Einstein condensate under the influence of gravity. We predict a strong dependence of the beam profile on the condensate size and the presence of interference phenomena recently observed in photodetachment experiments.
description: Minor changes, final version as accepted by Journal of Physics A. LaTeX, 12 pages, 4 figures
MOESM1 of Sympatric Atlantic puffins and razorbills show contrasting responses to adverse marine conditions during winter foraging within the North Sea
Creators: name: Glew, Katie St. John
name: Wanless, Sarah
name: Harris, Michael
name: Daunt, Francis
name: Erikstad, Kjell
name: StrĂ¸M, Hallvard
name: Speakman, John
name: KĂźrten, Benjamin
name: Trueman, Clive
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Carbon (A) and nitrogen (B) isoscape models based on pipefish tissue samples. Sample locations are indicated by filled circles.
Spectroscopic Signatures of Conduction-Mediated Transition Layers Above an X-ray Illuminated Disk
Creators: name: Li, Yuexing
name: Gu, Ming F.
name: Kahn, Steven M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive a semi-analytic solution for the structure of conduction-mediated transition layers above an X-ray illuminated accretion disk, and calculate explicitly the X-ray line radiation resulting from both resonance line scattering and radiative recombination in these layers. The vertical thermal structure of the illuminated disk is found to depend on the illuminating continuum: for a hard power law continuum, there are two stable phases connected by a single transition layer; while for a softer continuum, there may exist three stable phases connected by two separate transition layers, with an intermediate stable layer in between. We show that the structure can be written as a function of the electron scattering optical depth through these layers, which leads to unique predictions of the equivalent width of the resulting line radiation from both recombination cascades and resonance line scattering. We find that resonance line scattering plays an important role, especially for the case where there is no intermediate stable layer.
description: 27 pages, 6 figures, submitted to ApJ
Metadata description of AWI Bathymetry WMS layers
Creators: name: Schulze Tenberge, Yvonne
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: metadata
bathymetry
NERC vocabulary
datahub
marehub
PostgreSQL
data management

description: This document contains a description of the metadata parameters used in the Web Map Service (WMS) layers from the AWI Bathymetry group that were created in the context of MareHub.

 

For more information on the WMS, see the GetCapabilities: https://maps.awi.de/services/common/bathymetry/wms?REQUEST=GetCapabilities&SERVICE=WMS&VERSION=1.3.0
Modelling the Relationship between Parental Behaviour and Childhood Skill Development: Empirical Evidence from the UK and Canada
Creators: name: Brown, Ashton Mary Pittendreigh
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: parenting
skill development
cognitive skills
non-cognitive skills
developmental trajectories
quantitative
longitudinal data
millennium cohort study
National Longitudinal Study of Children and Youth

description: This longitudinal, quantitative methods research defines a theoretical framework to model the developmental trajectories of cognitive and non-cognitive skills in primary school children and capture the role that parenting plays in the joint evolution of these skills. This framework draws on theoretical models and empirical findings from the fields of economics, psychology and education. Specifically, this thesis adapts the economic framework of Cunha and Heckman (2007, 2008) to separately measure the effect of financial resources and of inputs to development in the form of parenting behaviours; to allow for literature from psychology and education to aid in the identification of multiple types of such parental inputs; and to examine the differing impacts from each of these types of investment. Distinguishing between financial investments in children and other parental inputs to development is critical for the creation of public policies which address existing socio-economic disparities in child development. Applying this proposed framework to nationally representative, longitudinal survey data from the UK and Canada, yields empirical estimates of skill formation in two contexts. These studies demonstrate how the model can be adapted to examine various aspects of parenting or to accommodate different types of longitudinal measures. Additionally, each empirical application provides precise estimates of how cognitive and non-cognitive skills evolve from birth to adolescence; and specific measurements of how the time that parents spend with their children impacts skill development. In both the UK and Canadian data, three parenting constructs are identified. Each of these inputs has a significant effect on the development of both cognitive and non-cognitive skills, with differing periods of sensitivity to each type of parental input. Unlike past research which finds that as children age parental input becomes ineffective in promoting cognitive development, the results presented in this thesis find that some types of parental input are most effective for cognitive development in early childhood while other types have measurable effects on cognitive ability in older children.
description: My tuition and maintenance were jointly funded by the Cambridge Trusts, the Canada-UK Foundation and Fitzwilliam College. There are no contractual arrangements for my thesis or research.
Bellardia Robineau-Desvoidy 1863
Creators: name: Evenhuis, Neal L.
name: O'Hara, James E.
name: Pape, Thomas
name: Pont, Adrian C.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Lamiales
Orobanchaceae
Bellardia

description: 53. Bellardia Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863b: 548.
 ORIGINALLY INCLUDED SPECIES: Bellardia vernalis Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863.
 TYPE SPECIES: Bellardia vernalis Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863 [= Tachina obsoleta Meigen, 1824], by monotypy.
 CURRENT STATUS: Valid genus [teste Rognes (1991: 34)].
FAMILY: CALLIPHORIDAE.
 REMARKS: Rondani (1863: 81) also proposed the name Bellardia for a tabanid. Robineau-Desvoidy (1863a,b) was announced as published by Monceaux at the 11 January 1863 meeting of the Société des Sciences Historiques et Naturelles de l’Yonne; Rondani’s 1863 work is assumed to have come out much later in the year, so Robineau-Desvoidy (1863b) has priority.
description: Published as part of Evenhuis, Neal L., O'Hara, James E., Pape, Thomas & Pont, Adrian C., 2010, 2373, pp. 1-265 in Zootaxa 2373 on page 45
Connected Baranyai's Theorem
Creators: name: Bahmanian, Amin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C65, 05C15, 05C40, 05C70

description: Let $K_n^h=(V,\binom{V}{h})$ be the complete $h$-uniform hypergraph on vertex set $V$ with $|V|=n$. Baranyai showed that $K_n^h$ can be expressed as the union of edge-disjoint $r$-regular factors if and only if $h$ divides $rn$ and $r$ divides $\binom{n-1}{h-1}$. Using a new proof technique, in this paper we prove that $λK_n^h$ can be expressed as the union $\mathcal G_1\cup \ldots \cup\mathcal G_k$ of $k$ edge-disjoint factors, where for $1\leq i\leq k$, $\mathcal G_i$ is $r_i$-regular, if and only if (i) $h$ divides $r_in$ for $1\leq i\leq k$, and (ii) $\sum_{i=1}^k r_i=λ\binom{n-1}{h-1}$. Moreover, for any $i$ ($1\leq i\leq k$) for which $r_i\geq 2$, this new technique allows us to guarantee that $\mathcal G_i$ is connected, generalizing Baranyai's theorem, and answering a question by Katona.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures
Self-Assembly of Functional Helical Metallopolymers
Creators: name: Greenfield, Jake
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Metallopolymer
Self-Assembly
Molecular Wires
Electronic Materials
Fluorescent Materials
Polymers
Chirality
Helical Polymers
Light-Emission
Charge-Transport
Resistive Switching
Helical Scaffold

description: Self-assembled metal-organic materials have been championed as candidates for the next generation of functional materials. This has been attributed to their ‘bottom-up’ design and preparation, error-checking mechanisms, chemical tuneability, and novel functionality arising from the metal centres. This thesis proposes subcomponent self-assembled metallopolymers as a new and accessible class of material designed towards electronic and light-emitting applications. The metallopolymers are comprised of conjugated imine-based ligand strands that are helically wrapped around a linear array of closely spaced Cu atoms. To date, their development has been faced with several synthetic challenges. Moreover, the absence of methodologies to characterise and control the structures of these metallopolymers prevents their rational design towards performing a specific function. Remarkably, their charge-transport properties – perhaps the most interesting feature of these metallopolymers – have yet to be reported. The work presented in this thesis seeks to explore methods to characterise and rationally tailor the structure of iminopyridine-based self-assembled metallopolymers and, for the first time, elucidate the charge-transport properties of this class of material. We have designed a novel bifunctional monomer unit which polymerises in the presence of Cu$^I$ to afford long helical metallopolymers (>75 repeat units). We identify and develop techniques to control the length, regiochemistry and stereochemistry of the two helical strands and determine the effect that these three structural parameters have on the electronic properties of the metallopolymers. By controlling these structural properties, the polymerisation mechanism of this type of helical metallopolymer is elucidated, allowing the design of tailored metallopolymers. Electronic properties, including electrical conductivity, are investigated, noting anisotropic charge-transport through the metallopolymer and resistive switching behaviour. Finally, we employ the metallopolymer as a self-assembled scaffold, controlling the aggregation state of appended fluorophores, and thus modulating their photophysical properties. With several new design rules and behaviours for this class of metallopolymer in hand, we anticipate that the work presented in this thesis will fuel future studies towards creating the next-generation of metallopolymers for studying circularly polarised light emission and resistive switching applications.
description: EPSRC
Quark masses from quark-gluon condensates in a modified perturbative QCD
Creators: name: Cabo, Alejandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this note, it is argued that the mass matrix for the six quarks can be generated in first approximation by introducing fermion condensates on the same lines as was done before for gluons, within the modified perturbative expansion for QCD proposed in former works. Thus, the results point in the direction of the conjectured link of the approximate `Democratic' symmetry of the quark mass matrix and `gap' effects similar to the ones occuring in superconductivity. The condensates are introduced here non-dynamically and therefore the question of the possibility for their spontaneous generation remains open. However, possible ways out of the predicted lack of the `Democratic' symmetry of the condensates resulting from the spontaneous breaking of the flavour symmetry are suggested. They come from an analysis based on the Cornwall--Jackiw--Tomboulis (CJT) effective potential for composite operators
description: 11 pages, 2 figures
Using SA8000 criteria as a tool to understand employee sentiments on corporate responsibility: case of Chinese manufacturing SMEs
Creators: name: Li, N.
name: Berghall, S.
name: Toppinen, A.
name: Li, N.
name: Berghall, S.
name: Toppinen, A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: International Development
subject: Production Economics
subject: Social Accountability 8000
subject: job satisfaction
subject: business ethics
subject: semi-confirmatory factor analysis
subject: China

description: Increasingly complex social and labor issues are becoming a major concern affecting Chinese companies in their pursuit of a growth and profitability. While disciplinary research has delved into basic facets of job satisfaction, less attention has been given to tackling the applicability of influential international corporate responsibility benchmarking initiatives. Using Social Accountability SA8000 standard as a tool, our study aimed to explore the facets of employee perceptions of their organization’s ethical behavior through a survey of 835 employees from twenty export processing and labor-intensive private manufacturing SMEs in the Pearl River Delta of China. Results of our semi-confirmatory factor analysis indicate that the SA8000 standard is able to capture some core dimensions of employee sentiments towards their employer’s ethical behavior. Based on the applicability of a four-dimensional measurement scale, including employee benefits and welfare, discrimination, work health and safety, and corporate governance, our results build ground for further examination of business ethics and employee job satisfaction in manufacturing companies.
MOESM3 of Molecular characterization of hypothetical scaffolding-like protein S1 in multienzyme complex produced by Paenibacillus curdlanolyticus B-6
Creators: name: Patthra Pason
name: Junjarus Sermsathanaswadi
name: Rattiya Waeonukul
name: Chakrit Tachaapaikoon
name: Sirilak Baramee
name: Khanok Ratanakhanokchai
name: Kosugi, Akihiko
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Additional file 3. Effects of cations and chelating reagents on the xylanase activity of nS1.
Bellieria Robineau-Desvoidy 1863
Creators: name: Evenhuis, Neal L.
name: O'Hara, James E.
name: Pape, Thomas
name: Pont, Adrian C.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Sarcophagidae
Bellieria

description: 54. Bellieria Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863b: 432.
 ORIGINALLY INCLUDED SPECIES: Bellieria rubricornis Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863; Myophora cinerea Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830.
 TYPE SPECIES: Myophora cinerea Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830, by original designation.
 CURRENT STATUS: Junior synonym of Sarcophaga Meigen, 1826 but subgenerically unplaced [teste Pape (1996: 419)].
FAMILY: SARCOPHAGIDAE.
description: Published as part of Evenhuis, Neal L., O'Hara, James E., Pape, Thomas & Pont, Adrian C., 2010, 2373, pp. 1-265 in Zootaxa 2373 on page 45
Spatial structure of a vortex in low density neutron matter
Creators: name: Yu, Yongle
name: Bulgac, Aurel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study in a fully selfconsistent approach the structure of a vortex in low density superfluid neutron matter. We determine that the matter density profile of a vortex shows a significant depletion in the region of the core, a feature never reported for a vortex state in a Fermi superfluid.
description: 4 pages + 6 figures (embedded in the text), published version
MOESM2 of Molecular characterization of hypothetical scaffolding-like protein S1 in multienzyme complex produced by Paenibacillus curdlanolyticus B-6
Creators: name: Patthra Pason
name: Junjarus Sermsathanaswadi
name: Rattiya Waeonukul
name: Chakrit Tachaapaikoon
name: Sirilak Baramee
name: Khanok Ratanakhanokchai
name: Kosugi, Akihiko
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Additional file 2. Substrate specificity of nS1 and rS1.
Customer value of decision support services among Finnish family forest owners – a discrete choice experiment
Creators: name: Matero, J.
name: Korhonen, R.
name: Kurttila, M.
name: Hujala, T.
name: Matero, J.
name: Korhonen, R.
name: Kurttila, M.
name: Hujala, T.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: forestry advisory
subject: postal survey
subject: customer preferences
subject: service design

description: Customer value is generally defined as a customer's perceived preference for and evaluation of those service attributes, attribute performances, and consequences arising from use that facilitate achieving the customer's goals and purposes in use situations (Woodruff 1997). Our aim is to examine how family forest owners value different attributes of decision support service when heterogeneity in forest owners’ preferences and motivations (forest ownership goals and decision-making styles) is taken into account. The data was acquired by a postal survey to a sample of 400 North Karelian family forest owners with a response rate of 53%. The survey included a discrete choice experiment (DCE) of decision support services. The choice sets in the DCE comprised of a forest fact sheet provided to a owner free of charge and two supplementary decision support service packages with varying levels of predetermined attributes (including price, participation option (e.g. field trip), guidance to use the forest plan, business plan component (e.g. cash flow projection) and biodiversity management component). In 34.5 % of all choices, a service package was preferred over the free-of-charge forest fact sheet indicating that an owner’s willingness to pay for supplementary service attributes exceeded the price of services. Choice modeling further revealed that 1) a field trip with a planner 2) management recommendations for sites with high values of biodiversity, scenic beauty and/or game and 3) economic cutting recommendations based on the owner’s rate of return requitement were the most valued service attributes. Systematic preference heterogeneity was caused by a decision-making style, income, previous cutting behavior and professional status (being retired or not) of the forest owners. In addition, significant unobserved preference heterogeneity was revealed. The results provide guidance for marketing strategies of service suppliers and extension activities of public institutions.
Weak Lensing as a Calibrator of the Cluster Mass-Temperature Relation
Creators: name: Huterer, Dragan
name: White, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The abundance of clusters at the present epoch and weak gravitational lensing shear both constrain roughly the same combination of the power spectrum normalization sigma_8 and matter energy density Omega_M. The cluster constraint further depends on the normalization of the mass-temperature relation. Therefore, combining the weak lensing and cluster abundance data can be used to accurately calibrate the mass-temperature relation. We discuss this approach and illustrate it using data from recent surveys.
description: Matches the version in ApJL. Equation 4 corrected. Improvements in the analysis move the cluster contours in Fig1 slightly upwards. No changes in the conclusions
Wealth ranking in 12 Tanzanian villages – turning failure into triumph
Creators: name: Meilby, Henrik
name: Burgess, N.
name: Chamshama, S.
name: Kajembe, G.
name: Lund, J.F.
name: Ngaga, Y.
name: Ngowi, S.
name: Njana, M.
name: Skeie, K.
name: Theilade, I.
name: Treue, T.
name: Meilby, Henrik
name: Burgess, N.
name: Chamshama, S.
name: Kajembe, G.
name: Lund, J.F.
name: Ngaga, Y.
name: Ngowi, S.
name: Njana, M.
name: Skeie, K.
name: Theilade, I.
name: Treue, T.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: Agribusiness
International Relations/Trade

description: Rapid Rural Appraisal techniques are frequently used for wealth-ranking of households in rural communities. The main justifications of such approaches are that they are fast, allow prestratification of households in preparation for surveys and that they have been shown to have at least some empirical validity as means of stratifying households by socio-economic status. Sometimes, however, the participatory process may fail to produce consistent wealth categories, or people refuse to accept labels such as ‘poor’ and ‘rich’ and/or are reluctant to assign such categories to households within their village. A household survey in Tanzania was conducted in 12 villages across eastern Tanzania in 2008-2010. In all villages a participatory wealth ranking exercise was conducted and used for stratification of households. Sample households (n=40 per village) were allocated proportionally to wealth categories. The structured household survey emphasized assets, income, and perceived effects of Participatory Forest Management. The value of individual non-productive assets was estimated through a follow-up survey and combined with results from the household survey to estimate total value of assets for each household. In this study the original, partly inconsistent wealth ranking is examined and compared with estimated incomes and asset values. Next, alternative wealth classification rules are introduced and resulting classification outcomes are examined and discussed.
Prediction and Detection of Hypoglycaemia in Type 1 Diabetes
Creators: name: Neupane, Sankalpa
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: hypoglycaemia
type 1 diabetes
detection

description: Patients with Type 1 Diabetes still suffer from recurrent and troublesome hypoglycaemia despite improvements in glucose monitoring, insulin delivery and structured education. The key objectives of my thesis were to explore ways to identify patients at greater risk to develop hypoglycaemia and to investigate novel ways to prevent hypoglycaemic episodes by detecting this early and with ease. This might ultimately translate into reduction in overall risk of hypoglycaemia occurrence in those with Type 1 Diabetes. I investigated potential factors that could predict persistent presence of severe hypoglycaemia in the HypoCOMPaSS study, a multi-centre UK study examining clinical strategies to reduce burden of hypoglycaemia. Looking at a subset of these participants who underwent detailed hypoglycaemic clamp studies, I found no obvious parameters predicting persistent risk of severe hypoglycaemia. I then examined whether individual genetic factors might contribute to risk of persistent severe hypoglycaemia, exploring the association between polymorphisms in Angiotensin Converting Enzyme ACE gene and severe hypoglycaemia in 77 participants in HypoCOMPaSS study. Interestingly, I found that the homozygous DD ACE gene polymorphism was associated with a significantly increased risk of severe hypoglycaemia. Considering then practical approaches to trying to minimise hypoglycaemia risk, I examined the efficacy and safety of a novel implantable Continuous Glucose Monitoring Senseonics CGM System in 10 subjects with Type 1 Diabetes from the Cambridge cohort of the pivotal European PRECISE 1 study. In keeping with the global data, I found in Cambridge participants that this novel system was safe and its efficacy was comparable to commercially available Continuous Glucose Monitoring. This device was useful in detecting hypoglycaemia early with high device satisfaction among the users. I also explored alternative non-invasive methods to measure blood glucose and detect hypoglycaemia easily using breath sample in Type 1 Diabetes participants during experimental hypoglycaemia. The concentration of Isoprene exhaled in breath was significantly raised during hypoglycaemia. Finally, I looked at the stability of ‘diluted insulin aspart (NovoRapid®)’ in ambient temperature and CSII over 30 days. Both neat and diluted insulin aspart were stable beyond 30 days and could potentially be used by patients with T1D requiring very low insulin doses to avoid hypoglycaemia.
description: NIHR Cambridge Biomedical research centre, Diabetes UK, University of East Anglia Senseonics Inc. Dr Frank Waldron-Lynch
On Product Codes with Probabilistic Amplitude Shaping for High-Throughput Fiber-Optic Systems
Creators: name: Sheikh, Alireza
name: Amat, Alexandre Graell i
name: Alvarado, Alex
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Probabilistic amplitude shaping (PAS) can flexibly vary the spectral efficiency (SE) of fiber-optic systems. In this paper, we demonstrate the application of PAS to bit-wise hard decision decoding (HDD) of product codes (PCs) by finding the necessary conditions to select the PC component codes. We show that PAS with PCs and HDD yields gains up to $2.7$ dB and SE improvement up to approximately $1$ bit/channel use compared to using PCs with uniform signaling and HDD. Furthermore, we employ the recently introduced iterative bounded distance decoding with combined reliability of PCs to improve performance of PAS with PCs and HDD.
description: Accepted for publication in IEEE Communications Letters
Food Balances for 12 Countries in the Far East and Oceania, 1959-61
Creators: name: Far East Branch, Foreign Regional Analysis Division
name: Far East Branch, Foreign Regional Analysis Division
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1964
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
International Relations/Trade
Livestock Production/Industries

description: Includes: Burma, Ceylon, India, Indonesia, Japan, Malay States, Pakistan, Philippines, Taiwan, Thailand, Australia and New Zealand
Additional file 1 of Molecular detection of Anaplasma spp., Babesia spp. and Theileria spp. in yaks (Bos grunniens) and Tibetan sheep (Ovis aries) on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, China
Creators: name: He, Yongcai
name: Chen, Wangkai
name: Ma, Ping
name: Wei, Yaoping
name: Li, Ruishan
name: Chen, Zhihong
name: Tian, Shuyu
name: Qi, Tongsheng
name: Yang, Jinfang
name: Sun, Yali
name: Li, Jixu
name: Kang, Ming
name: Li, Ying
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Samples collected from yaks and Tibetan sheep on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP). Table S2. Primers used in this study to detect tick-borne pathogens infections in yaks and Tibetan sheep on the QTP.
Cost-effectiveness of measures which promote pollination services in boreal agricultural landscapes
Creators: name: Mettinen, A.
name: Alanen, E.
name: Hyytianinen, K.
name: Kuussaari, M.
name: Mettinen, A.
name: Alanen, E.
name: Hyytianinen, K.
name: Kuussaari, M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: agri-environmental scheme
subject: biodiversity strip
subject: biodiversity zone
subject: bumblebee
subject: environmental fallow
subject: uneven-aged management

description: Species diversity on arable land and associated ecosystem services have decreased due to intensified agricultural production and loss of non-crop habitats in boreal agricultural landscapes. There have been attempts to mitigate this negative trend by agri-environmental schemes, but applied measures have often proved to be both ineffective and expensive. Research on the cost-effectiveness of measures is therefore required. We considered three biodiversity measures in southern Finland: A) a biodiversity zone established on the margin of a forest abutting on a field, B) a biodiversity strip on a field at a forest border and C) an environmental fallow. In our study, a forest biodiversity zone (measure A) consists of a 5-m wide meadow-like treeless strip and a 20-m wide transitional zone which is managed by repeated selection cuttings to create a mixed-species uneven-aged stand structure. A biodiversity strip on the margin of a field (measure B) refers to a 5-m wide uncropped strip covered by wildflowers or perennial grasses. An environmental fallow (measure C) is either a biodiversity field established by a meadow-plant seed mixture or a grass field established by perennial grasses. The effectiveness of measures in promoting pollination services was determined by the achieved increase in bumblebee abundance compared with the prevailing land use. Control areas of measure A were managed according to the recommended good practices in forestry (even-aged management). Control treatments of measures B and C were the corresponding areas of a field in conventional feed-barley production. Costs of measures incurred to a private landowner were calculated by subtracting the present value of a net income stream obtained from an area where the measure is applied from the present values of net incomes received from the corresponding forests and fields managed according to current practices and recommendations. The results indicate that the cost-effectiveness of the measures applied on fields is better than those applied in forests even though the price of cereals is assumed to retain its current high level. The best outcome with least costs was obtained by using a meadow-plant seed mixture including brown and wig knapweeds (Centaurea jacea and Centaurea phrygia), daisy (Leucanthemum vulgare), white clover (Trifolium repens) and common bent (Agrostis capillaris). For a landowner, the use of field measures is also supported by the fact that, on fields, land use can be changed quickly if necessary.
description: Subject Title: Abstract
MOESM1 of Avian influenza virus surveillance in migratory birds in Egypt revealed a novel reassortant H6N2 subtype
Creators: name: Zanaty, Ali
name: Erfan, Ahmed
name: Mady, Wessam
name: Amer, Fatma
name: Nour, Ahmed
name: Neveen Rabie
name: Samy, Mohamed
name: Selim, Abdullah
name: Hassan, Wafaa
name: Naguib, Mahmoud
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Nucleotide sequence identities between the EG/P2-29 (H6N2) virus and nearest homologues in the GenBank and GISAID database. Table S2. Molecular determinants within the Egyptian (EG/P2-29) H6N2 virus (H3 numbering).
Spatial-econometric analysis of landowner participation in voluntary forest conservation programs.
Creators: name: Nikelsen, A.S.
name: Nikelsen, A.S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Landowners
subject: preference modelling
subject: spatial econometrics
subject: biodiversity
subject: conservation

description: A principle threat to terrestrial biodiversity is the lack of proper habitat. For many industrialized countries a long-standing history of intensive land-use has left a fragmented landscape with only few undeveloped areas. Denmark is a prime example of this. A great share of the remaining habitat is privately owned, leading species conservation in the hands of private landowners who often lack proper incentives to coordinate their land-use with conservation objectives. To circumvent this public conservation policies are required. Such policies include e.g. protecting of land through land acquisitions or the involvement of private owners through regulative, informational or financial instruments to encourage more of them to manage their land in accordance with nature conservation goals. This study focuses on voluntary conservation programs, and the factors determining landowner participation in these. Using existing Danish private forest as a case study, 3 different voluntary conservation schemes deployed by the Danish Nature Agency from 1997-2010 is examined, drawing on detailed information about the owner’s socioeconomic status and information about the owner parcels. Further as many species rely on habitat that spans across owner boundaries, a challenge when designing such schemes is to ensure owner coordination to increase the connectivity of the enrolled lands. To examine whether landowners show evidence of coordination in their conservation decision, the discrete choice model is extended to test for spatial spill-over effects in a spatial-econometric setting.
description: Subject Title: Abstract
Bellina Robineau-Desvoidy 1863
Creators: name: Evenhuis, Neal L.
name: O'Hara, James E.
name: Pape, Thomas
name: Pont, Adrian C.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Tachinidae
Bellina

description: 55. Bellina Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863b: 194.
 ORIGINALLY INCLUDED SPECIES: Bellina melanura Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863.
 TYPE SPECIES: Bellina melanura Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863, by monotypy.
 CURRENT STATUS: Valid genus [teste Crosskey (1977: 591)].
FAMILY: TACHINIDAE.
description: Published as part of Evenhuis, Neal L., O'Hara, James E., Pape, Thomas & Pont, Adrian C., 2010, 2373, pp. 1-265 in Zootaxa 2373 on page 45
MOESM1 of Molecular characterization of hypothetical scaffolding-like protein S1 in multienzyme complex produced by Paenibacillus curdlanolyticus B-6
Creators: name: Patthra Pason
name: Junjarus Sermsathanaswadi
name: Rattiya Waeonukul
name: Chakrit Tachaapaikoon
name: Sirilak Baramee
name: Khanok Ratanakhanokchai
name: Kosugi, Akihiko
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 1. Oligonucleotide primers used for S1 gene cloning and construction of rS1 and its truncated derivatives.
Spectra and variability of accreting black holes
Creators: name: Buisson, Douglas John Keith
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Accretion
X-rays
Black holes

description: In this thesis, we present various results concerning the structure of matter close to black holes when they are actively accreting. The two components (apart from the black hole itself) most relevant to this work are the accretion disc and X-ray emitting corona. We use various methods to help determine their location, properties and relation to each other. In chapters 2 and 3, we consider how thermal emission from the accretion disc is affected by the coronal emission. Chapter 2 presents an analysis of a sample of supermassive black hole (SMBH) sources, showing that in many of these sources, variability in the accretion disc emission is driven by heating from the central source. Chapter 3 presents results from a dedicated campaign on a particularly X-ray variable object, IRAS 13324-3809, which however does not show disc variability in response to X-ray variations. We discuss potential reasons for this. Chapters 4 and 5 consider what we can learn about accreting black holes from their X-ray spectra. Chapter 4 describes the use of X-rays which reflect from the disc to study properties of the disc such as its innermost extent (governed in part by the black hole spin) and ionisation state. Chapter 5 analyses hard X-ray spectra of two sources, including the electron temperature of the corona, and considers the physical process which could produce the observed temperature. Finally, in chapter 6, we use a number of the techniques utilised previously to perform an in-depth study of the recent outburst from the stellar-remnant black hole in the MAXI 1820+070 X-ray binary system in our own Galaxy. As they are much smaller, such systems can show far more drastic state changes on observable timescales than SMBH can; the reasons for these state changes are not yet fully explained. The reflected emission shows that the disc extends close to the black hole, which has not been universally accepted in the state observed here. That the reflecting disc extends so close to the black hole also constrains the possible causes of characteristic timescales (QPOs) in the variability.
description: Funded by a STFC studentship.
Optimal Management of Norway Spruce With Carbon Sequestration
Creators: name: Niinimäki, S.
name: Tahvonen, O.
name: Mäkelä, O.
name: Linkosalo, T.
name: Niinimäki, S.
name: Tahvonen, O.
name: Mäkelä, O.
name: Linkosalo, T.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: International Development
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: carbon sequestration
subject: process-based model
subject: optimal thinning
subject: optimal rotation
subject: Norway spruce management

description: In this study a process-based growth model for even-aged Norway Spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.) is coupled with economics and optimization to analyze optimal management and cost of carbon sequestration. We extend earlier literature by including detailed timber quality features and optimized thinning. Our results show that tree diameter has a major role in defining the optimal timing of harvests especially with higher interest rates. Optimal management with carbon sequestration mainly postpones thinnings, lengthens rotations, and increases sawlog yield. Economic cost of carbon storage is presented for two different sites and two different interest rates. These costs are compared to CO2 abatement costs in other sectors on a national level. This study suggests it would be economically optimal to use carbon sequestration in order to fulfil national commitment to the EU, i.e. to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 2020.
Trajectories of substance use and substance use problems in adolescents and young adults
Creators: name: Mak, Hei Wan
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Parenting styles
Substance use
Add Health
Religiosity
Longitudinal study
propensity score matching
structural equation modelling

description: This thesis examines the determinants of substance use behaviours and substance use problems at several stages in adolescence and adulthood. Analysis is based on a large, representative US-based longitudinal data set, the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health). The thesis consists of four linked empirical studies. The first investigates the effects of parental beliefs about their adolescent children’s smoking and drinking on adolescents’ actual engagement in these behaviours. Previous literature has shown a strong association between parental beliefs and adolescent substance use, but has not addressed the issue of causality in this relationship. This chapter attempts to identify causal relationships via propensity score matching techniques. The second study investigates the effects of parenting styles on substance use problems in adulthood. Previous studies have found a significant association between parenting styles and adolescent substance use; I investigate whether this effect persists into adulthood. Using structural equation modelling, I find that parental warmth has long-term effects on substance use in adulthood. Parental control, while reducing the likelihood of initiation in adolescence, does not reduce the incidence of substance use problems in adulthood. The third study focuses on the determinants of substance use cessation, among adults who are smokers, drinkers and users of illicit drugs. The effects of parenting behaviours are relatively modest, but I find that the level of religiosity is an important determinant of cessation. In the final study, I examine the effect of religiosity on cessation and find that religious faith and (particularly) participation in church services and activities increase the likelihood of substance use cessation. Taken together, these studies provide a thorough explanation of the association between parent-adolescent relationships, religiosity, and substance use trajectories. More importantly, the thesis uncovers the underlying mechanisms that explain various stages and levels of substance use at different periods of life.
Computing Preferred Answer Sets by Meta-Interpretation in Answer Set Programming
Creators: name: Eiter, Thomas
name: Faber, Wolfgang
name: Leone, Nicola
name: Pfeifer, Gerald
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: D.1.6; I.2.3; I.2.4

description: Most recently, Answer Set Programming (ASP) is attracting interest as a new paradigm for problem solving. An important aspect which needs to be supported is the handling of preferences between rules, for which several approaches have been presented. In this paper, we consider the problem of implementing preference handling approaches by means of meta-interpreters in Answer Set Programming. In particular, we consider the preferred answer set approaches by Brewka and Eiter, by Delgrande, Schaub and Tompits, and by Wang, Zhou and Lin. We present suitable meta-interpreters for these semantics using DLV, which is an efficient engine for ASP. Moreover, we also present a meta-interpreter for the weakly preferred answer set approach by Brewka and Eiter, which uses the weak constraint feature of DLV as a tool for expressing and solving an underlying optimization problem. We also consider advanced meta-interpreters, which make use of graph-based characterizations and often allow for more efficient computations. Our approach shows the suitability of ASP in general and of DLV in particular for fast prototyping. This can be fruitfully exploited for experimenting with new languages and knowledge-representation formalisms.
description: 34 pages, appeared as a Technical Report at KBS of the Vienna University of Technology, see http://www.kr.tuwien.ac.at/research/reports/
Revisitando questões fonético-fonológicas do crioulo haitiano
Creators: name: Pinto Silva, Bruno
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Crioulo Haitiano; Fonologia de Laboratório; Linguística de Contato.

description: O objetivo desta pesquisa é revisitar a literatura referente à descrição do sistema fonológico do crioulo haitiano (CH). As descrições disponíveis apresentam divergências que se devem ao fato de essas descrições serem puramente impressionísticas. Com isso em mente, o objetivo da presente pesquisa é empregar a metodologia da Fonologia de Laboratório para alicerçar a descrição do sistema fonológico do CH em análises acústicas da fala de nativos. Pela primeira vez será possível fazer afirmações com bases mais sólidas sobre o sistema sonoro do CH e investigar questões como a assimilação de nasalidade, o que permitirá trazer novos argumentos para a discussão sobre o status fonológico de segmentos sobre os quais não há consenso, como [ĩ] e [ũ]. Também se pretende mostrar que o tratamento que tem sido dado às línguas crioulas em geral, colocando-as sempre à parte das outras línguas naturais, tem impedido que o estudo e descrição dessas línguas seja feito de forma robusta e acurada (Aboh & DeGraff, 2016). Pretende-se mostrar que o sistema fonológico do CH é mais regular do que a literatura supõe.