cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Deep reinforcement learning for quantum multiparameter estimation
Creators: name: Cimini, Valeria
name: Valeri, Mauro
name: Polino, Emanuele
name: Piacentini, Simone
name: Ceccarelli, Francesco
name: Corrielli, Giacomo
name: Spagnolo, Nicolò
name: Osellame, Roberto
name: Sciarrino, Fabio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Estimation of physical quantities is at the core of most scientific research and the use of quantum devices promises to enhance its performances. In real scenarios, it is fundamental to consider that the resources are limited and Bayesian adaptive estimation represents a powerful approach to efficiently allocate, during the estimation process, all the available resources. However, this framework relies on the precise knowledge of the system model, retrieved with a fine calibration that often results computationally and experimentally demanding. Here, we introduce a model-free and deep learning-based approach to efficiently implement realistic Bayesian quantum metrology tasks accomplishing all the relevant challenges, without relying on any a-priori knowledge on the system. To overcome this need, a neural network is trained directly on experimental data to learn the multiparameter Bayesian update. Then, the system is set at its optimal working point through feedbacks provided by a reinforcement learning algorithm trained to reconstruct and enhance experiment heuristics of the investigated quantum sensor. Notably, we prove experimentally the achievement of higher estimation performances than standard methods, demonstrating the strength of the combination of these two black-box algorithms on an integrated photonic circuit. This work represents an important step towards fully artificial intelligence-based quantum metrology.
Gamma stability in free product von Neumann algebras
Creators: name: Houdayer, Cyril
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46L10, 46L54

description: Let $(M, φ) = (M_1, φ_1) \ast (M_2, φ_2)$ be a free product of arbitrary von Neumann algebras endowed with faithful normal states. Assume that the centralizer $M_1^{φ_1}$ is diffuse. We first show that any intermediate subalgebra $M_1 \subset Q \subset M$ which has nontrivial central sequences in $M$ is necessarily equal to $M_1$. Then we obtain a general structural result for all the intermediate subalgebras $M_1 \subset Q \subset M$ with expectation. We deduce that any diffuse amenable von Neumann algebra can be concretely realized as a maximal amenable subalgebra with expectation inside a full nonamenable type III$_1$ factor. This provides the first class of concrete maximal amenable subalgebras in the framework of type III factors. We finally strengthen all these results in the case of tracial free product von Neumann algebras.
description: 18 pages
Construction of a LED System for the OLYMPUS Experiment
Creators: name: Rehmann, W.
name: DESY
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2011
Subjects: Unveröffentlichte Hochschulschrift

description: Univ. Mainz, Bachelorarbeit, 2011; Univ. Mainz, Bachelorarbeit, 2011
Sex, lies and self-reported counts: Bayesian mixture models for heaping in longitudinal count data via birth-death processes
Creators: name: Crawford, Forrest W.
name: Weiss, Robert E.
name: Suchard, Marc A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Surveys often ask respondents to report nonnegative counts, but respondents may misremember or round to a nearby multiple of 5 or 10. This phenomenon is called heaping, and the error inherent in heaped self-reported numbers can bias estimation. Heaped data may be collected cross-sectionally or longitudinally and there may be covariates that complicate the inferential task. Heaping is a well-known issue in many survey settings, and inference for heaped data is an important statistical problem. We propose a novel reporting distribution whose underlying parameters are readily interpretable as rates of misremembering and rounding. The process accommodates a variety of heaping grids and allows for quasi-heaping to values nearly but not equal to heaping multiples. We present a Bayesian hierarchical model for longitudinal samples with covariates to infer both the unobserved true distribution of counts and the parameters that control the heaping process. Finally, we apply our methods to longitudinal self-reported counts of sex partners in a study of high-risk behavior in HIV-positive youth.
description: Published at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/15-AOAS809 in the Annals of Applied Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aoas/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Demonstration of three- and four-body interactions between trapped-ion spins
Creators: name: Katz, Or
name: Feng, Lei
name: Risinger, Andrew
name: Monroe, Christopher
name: Cetina, Marko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum processors use the native interactions between effective spins to simulate Hamiltonians or execute quantum gates. In most processors, the native interactions are pairwise, limiting the efficiency of controlling entanglement between many qubits. Here we experimentally demonstrate a new class of native interactions between trapped-ion qubits, extending conventional pairwise interactions to higher order. We realize three- and four-body spin interactions as examples, showing that high-order spin polynomials may serve as a new toolbox for quantum information applications.
Degeneracy and finiteness theorems for meromorphic mappings in several complex variables
Creators: name: Quang, Si Duc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 32H30, 32A22 (Primary) 30D35 (Secondary)

description: In this article, we prove that there are at most two meromorphic mappings of $\mathbb C^m$ into $\mathbb P^n(\mathbb C)\ (n\geqslant 2)$ sharing $2n+2$ hyperplanes in general position regardless of multiplicity, where all zeros with multiplicities more than certain values do not need to be counted. We also show that if three meromorphic mappings $f^1,f^2,f^3$ of $\mathbb C^m$ into $\mathbb P^n(\mathbb C)\ (n\geqslant 5)$ share $2n+1$ hyperplanes in general position with truncated multiplicity then the map $f^1\times f^2\times f^3$ is linearly degenerate.
description: This paper is accepted for publication in Chinese Annals of Mathematics, Series B, Volume 39, No. 5 (2018)
On the Compton clock and the undulatory nature of particle mass in graphene systems
Creators: name: Dolce, Donatello
name: Perali, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In undulatory mechanics the rest mass of a particle is associated to a rest periodicity known as Compton periodicity. In carbon nanotubes the Compton periodicity is determined geometrically, through dimensional reduction, by the circumference of the curled-up dimension, or by similar spatial constraints to the charge carrier wave function in other condensed matter systems. In this way the Compton periodicity is effectively reduced by several order of magnitudes with respect to that of the electron, allowing for the possibility to experimentally test foundational aspects of quantum mechanics. We present a novel powerful formalism to derive the electronic properties of carbon nanotubes, in agreement with the results known in the literature, from simple geometric and relativistic considerations about the Compton periodicity as well as a dictionary of analogies between particle and graphene physics.
description: 10 pages, 1 table, 1 figure. Published version
On the number of prime factors of values of the sum-of-proper-divisors function
Creators: name: Troupe, Lee
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11N37, 11N56, 11N64

description: Let $ω(n)$ (resp. $Ω(n)$) denote the number of prime divisors (resp. with multiplicity) of a natural number $n$. In 1917, Hardy and Ramanujan proved that the normal order of $ω(n)$ is $\log\log n$, and the same is true of $Ω(n)$; roughly speaking, a typical natural number $n$ has about $\log\log n$ prime factors. We prove a similar result for $ω(s(n))$, where $s(n)$ denotes the sum of the proper divisors of $n$: For any $ε> 0$ and all $n \leq x$ not belonging to a set of size $o(x)$, \[ |ω(s(n)) - \log\log s(n)| < ε\log\log s(n) \] and the same is true for $Ω(s(n))$.
description: 12 pages
Partially polaron-transformed quantum master equation for exciton and charge transport dynamics
Creators: name: Jang, Seogjoo J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Polaron-transformed quantum master equation (PQME) offers a unified framework to describe the dynamics of quantum systems in both limits of weak and strong couplings to environmental degrees of freedom. Thus, PQME serves as an efficient method to describe charge and exciton transfer/transport dynamics for a broad range of parameters in condensed or complex environments. However, in some cases, the polaron transformation (PT) being employed in the formulation invokes an over-relaxation of slow modes and results in premature suppression of important coherence terms. A formal framework to address this issue is developed in the present work by employing a partial PT that has smaller weights for low frequency bath modes. It is shown here that a closed form expression of a 2nd order time-local PQME including all the inhomogeneous terms can be derived for a general form of partial PT, although more complicated than that for the full PT. All the expressions needed for numerical calculation are derived in detail. Applications to a model of two-level system coupled to a bath of harmonic oscillators, with test calculations focused on those due to homogeneous relaxation terms, demonstrate the feasibility and the utility of the present approach.
description: 17 pages, 5 figures
A generalized non-square Cholesky decomposition algorithm with applications to finance
Creators: name: Reiß, Oliver
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Modified Cholesky decomposition
subject: LDLT decomposition
subject: Semi--positive matrices
subject: Covariance matrix
subject: Correlation matrix
subject: Value at risk
subject: 15-04
subject: 65F30
subject: 91-08

description: In several applications there is the need to compute a Cholesky decomposition of a given symmetric matrix. The usual Cholesky decomposition algorithm will fail if the given matrix is semi-positive, although such a decomposition exists. To overcome this problem there exists a LDLT decomposition for semi-positive matrices. In the case that the given symmetric matrix is not semi-positive, no Cholesky decomposition exists. In such a situation one aims to approximate this matrix by a (semi-)positive one and computes the Cholesky decomposition of the approximation. From the context of numerical optimization there exist algorithms by Gill, Murray and Wright and a refinement by Eskow and Schnabel. Both methods basicly return a Cholesky decomposition of a positive approximation of an indefinite input matrix. In this paper we extend the LDLT algorithm such that it coincides for a semi-definite input with the LDLT decomposition and for indefinite input it gives the decomposition of a semi-positive approximation. In contrast to the algorithms mentioned before, for indefinite input matrices our algorithm gives a decomposition, which has a lower rank. This gives the important opportunity to introduce a dimension reduction, if possible, and we will show that this algorithm can save computation time in several applications in finance, especially for risk management.
title: Eigenvalue-regularized covariance matrix sstimators for high-dimensional data.
Creators: name: Feng, Huang
Publisher: name: London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE)
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: HA Statistics

description: Covariance regularization is important when the dimension p of a covariance matrix is close to or even larger than the sample size n. This thesis concerns estimating large covariance matrix in both low and high frequency setting.
 First, we introduce an integration covariance matrix estimator which is a linear combination of a rotation-equivariant and a regularized covariance matrix estimator that assumed a specific structure for true covariance Σ0, under the practical scenario where one is not 100% certain of which regularization method to use. We estimate the weights in the linear combination and show that they asymptotically go to the true underlying weights. To generalize, we can put two regularized estimators into the linear combination, each assumes a specific structure for Σ0. Our estimated weights can then be shown to go to the true weights too, and if one regularized estimator is converging to Σ0 in the spectral norm, the corresponding weight then tends to 1 and others tend to 0 asymptotically. We demonstrate the performance of our estimator when compared to other state-of-the-art estimators through extensive simulation studies and a real data analysis.
 Next, in high-frequency setting with non-synchronous trading and contamination of microstructure noise, we propose a Nonparametrically Eigenvalue-Regularized Integrated coVariance matrix Estimator (NERIVE) which does not assume specific structures for the underlying integrated covariance matrix. We show that NERIVE is positive definite in probability, with extreme eigenvalues shrunk nonlinearly under the high dimensional framework p/n → c > 0. We also prove that in portfolio allocation, the minimum variance optimal weight vector constructed using NERIVE has maximum exposure and actual risk upper bounds of order p−1/2. The practical performance of NERIVE is illustrated by comparing to the usual two-scale realized covariance matrix as well as some other nonparametric alternatives using different simulation settings and a real data set.
 Last, another nonlinear shrinkage estimator of large integrated covariance matrix in high-frequency setting is explored, which shrinks the extreme eigenvalues of a realized covariance matrix back to an acceptable level, and enjoys a certain asymptotic efficiency when the number of assets is of the same order as the number of data points. Novel maximum exposure and actual risk bounds are derived when our estimator is used in constructing the minimum-variance portfolio. In simulations and a real data analysis, our estimator performs favourably in comparison with other methods.
Production of multi-oriented polarization for relativistic electron beams via a mutable filter for nonlinear Compton scattering
Creators: name: Tang, Yuhui
name: Ma, Qianyi
name: Yu, Jinqing
name: Shou, Yinren
name: Wu, Xuezhi
name: Yan, Xueqing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a feasible scenario to directly polarize a relativistic electron beam and obtain overall polarization in various directions through a filter mechanism for single-shot collision between an ultrarelativistic unpolarized electron beam and an ultraintense circularly polarized laser pulse. The electrons are scattered to a large angular range of several degrees and the polarization states of the electrons are connected with their spatial position after the collision. Therefore, we can employ a filter to filter out a part of the scattered electrons based on their position and obtain high-degree overall polarization for the filtered beam. Through spin-considered Monte-Carlo simulations, polarization with a degree up to 62% in arbitrary transverse directions and longitudinal polarization up to 10% are obtained for the filtered beams at currently achievable laser intensity. We theoretically analyze the distribution formation of the scattered electrons and investigate the influence of different initial parameters through simulations to demonstrate the robustness of our scheme. This scenario provides a simple and flexible way to produce relativistic polarized electron beams for various polarization directions.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures
Ablation Path Saliency
Creators: name: Sagemüller, Justus
name: Verdier, Olivier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Various types of saliency methods have been proposed for explaining black-box classification. In image applications, this means highlighting the part of the image that is most relevant for the current decision. Unfortunately, the different methods may disagree and it can be hard to quantify how representative and faithful the explanation really is. We observe however that several of these methods can be seen as edge cases of a single, more general procedure based on finding a particular path through the classifier's domain. This offers additional geometric interpretation to the existing methods. We demonstrate furthermore that ablation paths can be directly used as a technique of its own right. This is able to compete with literature methods on existing benchmarks, while giving more fine-grained information and better opportunities for validation of the explanations' faithfulness.
Differential operators, pullbacks, and families of automorphic forms
Creators: name: Eischen, Ellen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper has two main parts. First, we construct certain differential operators, which generalize operators studied by G. Shimura. Then, as an application of some of these differential operators, we construct certain p-adic families of automorphic forms. Building on the author's earlier work, these differential operators map automorphic forms on a unitary group of signature (n,n) to (vector-valued) automorphic forms on the product $U^φ\times U^{-φ}$ of two unitary groups, where $U^φ$ denotes the unitary group associated to a Hermitian form $φ$ of arbitrary signature on an n-dimensional vector space. These differential operators have both a p-adic and a C-infinity incarnation. In the scalar-weight, C-infinity case, these operators agree with ones studied by Shimura. In the final section of the paper, we also discuss some generalizations to other groups and settings. The results from this paper apply to the author's paper-in-preparation with J. Fintzen, E. Mantovan, and I. Varma and to her ongoing joint project with M. Harris, J. -S. Li, and C. Skinner; they also relate to her recent paper with X. Wan.
description: Accepted for publication in special issue of Annales Mathematiques du Quebec in honor of Glenn Stevens's sixtieth birthday
Deliverable 5.1 - Questionnaire on industrial and clinical key players and needs
Creators: name: Radzina, Maija
name: Mamis, Edgars
name: Saule, Laura
name: Pajuste, Elina
name: Kalnina, Marika
name: Cocolios, Thomas
name: Talip, Zeynep
name: Stora, Thierry
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: PRISMAP; questionnaire; nuclear medicine; radiopharmaceutical manufacturers; research institutions; clinical end users;

description: This document is a summary of responses received from the public known European industrial manufacturing and research institution and clinical facility representatives. The responses were given to the PRISMAP Consortium questionnaire disseminated in January-August 2022, approaching radionuclides and radiopharmaceutical manufacturers, research institutions and clinical end users in nuclear medicine, with the aim to identify potential stakeholders in the industrial and clinical communities interested by a coordinated approach in Europe such as PRISMAP. The summary from PRISMAP questionnaire stratifies the feedback from 114 respondents: radionuclide and radiopharmaceutical producers, research facilities and preclinical/clinical end users. In addition, it gives an insight into the location and capabilities of the main isotope-producing cyclotron facilities, many of which are known from the IAEA cyclotron database [2]). The questionnaire was offered with an opportunity to make new research and international collaboration partners, where all parties could benefit from harmonised supply and legislation procedures, expanding network and distribution routes, and subsequently gain visibility within the PRISMAP User Forum map at www.prismap.eu. The questionnaire was focused on the radionuclide use in medicine with emphasis on future needs for specific radionuclides and possible research developments with awareness of legislation, logistics and involved personnel education challenges and future perspectives.
Bounding the Optimal Revenue of Selling Multiple Goods
Creators: name: Giannakopoulos, Yiannis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Using duality theory techniques we derive simple, closed-form formulas for bounding the optimal revenue of a monopolist selling many heterogeneous goods, in the case where the buyer's valuations for the items come i.i.d. from a uniform distribution and in the case where they follow independent (but not necessarily identical) exponential distributions. We apply this in order to get in both these settings specific performance guarantees, as functions of the number of items $m$, for the simple deterministic selling mechanisms studied by Hart and Nisan [EC 2012], namely the one that sells the items separately and the one that offers them all in a single bundle. We also propose and study the performance of a natural randomized mechanism for exponential valuations, called Proportional. As an interesting corollary, for the special case where the exponential distributions are also identical, we can derive that offering the goods in a single full bundle is the optimal selling mechanism for any number of items. To our knowledge, this is the first result of its kind: finding a revenue-maximizing auction in an additive setting with arbitrarily many goods.
NASDUCK SERF: New constraints on axion-like dark matter from a SERF comagnetometer
Creators: name: Bloch, Itay M.
name: Shaham, Roy
name: Hochberg, Yonit
name: Kuflik, Eric
name: Volansky, Tomer
name: Katz, Or
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ultralight axion-like particles are well-motivated relics that might compose the cosmological dark matter and source anomalous time-dependent magnetic fields. We report on new terrestrial bounds on the coupling of axion-like particles to neutrons and protons using the nuclei of noble-gas and alkali-metal atoms in a comagnetometer detector operating in the Spin-Exchange Relaxation-Free~(SERF) regime. Conducting a month-long search, we cover the mass range of $1.4\times 10^{-12}$ eV/$c^2$ to $2\times 10^{-10}$~eV/$c^2$ and provide world-leading limits which supersede robust astrophysical bounds and improve upon previous terrestrial constraints by up to two orders of magnitudes for many masses within this range. These are the first reliable terrestrial bounds reported on the coupling of protons with axion-like dark matter, covering a new and unexplored terrain in its parameter space.
Ökonomie nachhaltiger Gebäude im Bestand
Creators: name: Kraft, Christian (Autor/in)
name: Kempf, Constantin (Autor/in)
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018

description: Hochwertige energetische Sanierungen erlauben im Kontext lokaler Marktsituationen preisliche und qualitative Neupositionierungen von Wohnungen. Einfache Instandsetzungen sind dagegen ohne wesentliche

Mietzinsaufschläge machbar. Kompromisse dazwischen haben es in jeglicher Hinsicht schwerer. Denn der Umfang der Eingriffe bestimmt neben der Wirtschaftlichkeit und Ökologie auch die Art der Vermarktung.
description: + ID der Publikation: hslu_57675 + Art des Beitrages: Fachmedien + Sprache: Deutsch + Letzte Aktualisierung: 2019-01-21 15:55:46
Jaime Pujol Balcells-Jesús Sancho Bielsa, Curso de catequesis. Libro del Profesor, Ed. Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona 1985, 520 pp., 240X170, ISBN 84-313-0734-X
Creators: name: Neiva, A. Costa
Publisher: name: Theologica
Year: 1994

description: Theologica, v. 29 n. 2 (1994): Santuários marianos | Braga e Viana do Castelo
Constraints on the skewness coefficient of symmetric nuclear matter within the nonlinear relativistic mean field model
Creators: name: Cai, Bao-Jun
name: Chen, Lie-Wen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Within the nonlinear relativistic mean field (NL-RMF) model, we show that both the pressure of symmetric nuclear matter at supra-saturation densities and the maximum mass of neutron stars are sensitive to the skewness coefficient $J_0$ of symmetric nuclear matter. Using experimental constraints on the pressure of symmetric nuclear matter at supra-saturation densities from flow data in heavy ion collisions and the astrophysical observation of a large mass neutron star PSR J0348+0432, with the former favoring a smaller $J_0$ while the latter a larger $J_0$, we extract a constraint of $-494 \mathrm{MeV}\leq J_0\leq -10 \mathrm{MeV}$ based on the NL-RMF model. This constraint is compared with the results obtained in other analyses.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures. Discussions added. Accepted version to appear in Nuclear Science and Techniques
Bound for Gaussian-state Quantum illumination using direct photon measurement
Creators: name: Lee, Su-Yong
name: Kim, Dong Hwan
name: Jo, Yonggi
name: Jeong, Taek
name: Kim, Duk Y.
name: Kim, Zaeill
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is important to find feasible measurement bounds for quantum information protocols. We present analytic bounds for quantum illumination with Gaussian states when using an on-off detection or a photon number resolving (PNR) detection, where its performance is evaluated with signal-to-noise ratio. First, for coincidence counting measurement, the best performance is given by the two-mode squeezed vacuum (TMSV) state which outperforms the coherent state and the classically correlated thermal (CCT) state. However, the coherent state can beat the TMSV state with increasing signal mean photon number in the case of the on-off detection. Second, the performance is enhanced by taking Fisher information approach of all counting probabilities including non-detection events. In the Fisher information approach, the TMSV state still presents the best performance but the CCT state can beat the TMSV state with increasing signal mean photon number in the case of the on-off detection. Furthermore, we show that it is useful to take the PNR detection on the signal mode and the on-off detection on the idler mode, which reaches similar performance of using PNR detections on both modes.
description: 7+1 pages, 3 figures, close to the published version
Sem2NeRF: Converting Single-View Semantic Masks to Neural Radiance Fields
Creators: name: Chen, Yuedong
name: Wu, Qianyi
name: Zheng, Chuanxia
name: Cham, Tat-Jen
name: Cai, Jianfei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Image translation and manipulation have gain increasing attention along with the rapid development of deep generative models. Although existing approaches have brought impressive results, they mainly operated in 2D space. In light of recent advances in NeRF-based 3D-aware generative models, we introduce a new task, Semantic-to-NeRF translation, that aims to reconstruct a 3D scene modelled by NeRF, conditioned on one single-view semantic mask as input. To kick-off this novel task, we propose the Sem2NeRF framework. In particular, Sem2NeRF addresses the highly challenging task by encoding the semantic mask into the latent code that controls the 3D scene representation of a pre-trained decoder. To further improve the accuracy of the mapping, we integrate a new region-aware learning strategy into the design of both the encoder and the decoder. We verify the efficacy of the proposed Sem2NeRF and demonstrate that it outperforms several strong baselines on two benchmark datasets. Code and video are available at https://donydchen.github.io/sem2nerf/
description: ECCV2022, Code: https://github.com/donydchen/sem2nerf Project Page: https://donydchen.github.io/sem2nerf/
Revisit of constraints on holographic dark energy: SNLS3 dataset with the effects of time-varying $β$ and different light-curve fitters
Creators: name: Wang, Shuang
name: Geng, Jia-Jia
name: Hu, Yi-Liang
name: Zhang, Xin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Previous studies have shown that for the Supernova Legacy Survey three-year (SNLS3) data there is strong evidence for the redshift-evolution of color-luminosity parameter $β$ of type Ia supernovae (SN Ia). In this paper, we explore the effects of varying $β$ on the cosmological constraints of holographic dark energy (HDE) model. In addition to the SNLS3 data, we also use Planck distance prior data of cosmic microwave background (CMB), as well as galaxy clustering (GC) data extracted from Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) data release 7 and Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS). We find that, for the both cases of using SN data alone and using SN+CMB+GC data, involving an additional parameter of $β$ can reduce $χ^2$ by $\sim$ 36; this shows that $β$ deviates from a constant at 6$σ$ confidence levels. Adopting SN+CMB+GC data, we find that compared to the constant $β$ case, varying $β$ yields a larger fractional matter density $Ω_{m0}$ and a smaller reduced Hubble constant $h$; moreover, varying $β$ significantly increases the value of HDE model parameter $c$, leading to $c\approx 0.8$, consistent with the constraint results obtained before Planck. These results indicate that the evolution of $β$ should be taken into account seriously in the cosmological fits. In addition, we find that relative to the differences between the constant $β$ and varying $β(z)$ cases, the effects of different light-curve fitters on parameter estimation are very small.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1310.6109; and text overlap with arXiv:1109.3172 by other authors
Quantum steering ellipsoids, extremal physical states and monogamy
Creators: name: Milne, Antony
name: Jevtic, Sania
name: Jennings, David
name: Wiseman, Howard
name: Rudolph, Terry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Any two-qubit state can be faithfully represented by a steering ellipsoid inside the Bloch sphere, but not every ellipsoid inside the Bloch sphere corresponds to a two-qubit state. We give necessary and sufficient conditions for when the geometric data describe a physical state and investigate maximal volume ellipsoids lying on the physical-unphysical boundary. We derive monogamy relations for steering that are strictly stronger than the Coffman-Kundu-Wootters (CKW) inequality for monogamy of concurrence. The CKW result is thus found to follow from the simple perspective of steering ellipsoid geometry. Remarkably, we can also use steering ellipsoids to derive non-trivial results in classical Euclidean geometry, extending Euler's inequality for the circumradius and inradius of a triangle.
description: 21 pages, 4 figures. Published version with correction given in New J. Phys. 17, 019501 (2015) incorporated
Large-eddy simulations to define building-specific similarity relationships for natural ventilation flow rates
Creators: name: Hwang, Yunjae
name: Gorlé, Catherine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Natural ventilation can play an important role towards preventing the spread of airborne diseases in indoor environments. However, quantifying natural ventilation flow rates is a challenging task due to significant variability in the boundary conditions that drive the flow. In the current study, we propose and validate an efficient strategy for using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to assess natural ventilation flow rates under variable conditions, considering the test case of a single-room home in a dense urban slum. The method characterizes the dimensionless ventilation rate as a function of the dimensionless ventilation Richardson number and the wind direction. First, the high-fidelity large-eddy simulation predictions are validated against full-scale ventilation rate measurements. Next, simulations with identical Richardson numbers, but varying dimensional wind speeds and temperatures, are compared to verify the proposed similarity relationship. Last, the functional form of the similarity relationship is determined based on 32 LES. Validation of the surrogate model against full-scale measurements demonstrates that the proposed strategy can efficiently inform accurate building-specific similarity relationships for natural ventilation flow rates in complex urban environments.
MuS2: A Real-World Benchmark for Sentinel-2 Multi-Image Super-Resolution
Creators: name: Kowaleczko, Pawel
name: Tarasiewicz, Tomasz
name: Ziaja, Maciej
name: Kostrzewa, Daniel
name: Nalepa, Jakub
name: Rokita, Przemyslaw
name: Kawulok, Michal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Insufficient image spatial resolution is a serious limitation in many practical scenarios, especially when acquiring images at a finer scale is infeasible or brings higher costs. This is inherent to remote sensing, including Sentinel-2 satellite images that are available free of charge at a high revisit frequency, but whose spatial resolution is limited to 10 m ground sampling distance. The resolution can be increased with super-resolution algorithms, in particular when performed from multiple images captured at subsequent revisits of a satellite, taking advantage of information fusion that leads to enhanced reconstruction accuracy. One of the obstacles in multi-image super-resolution consists in the scarcity of real-world benchmarks - commonly, simulated data are exploited which do not fully reflect the operating conditions. In this paper, we introduce a new MuS2 benchmark for super-resolving multiple Sentinel-2 images, with WorldView-2 imagery used as the high-resolution reference. Within MuS2, we publish the first end-to-end evaluation procedure for this problem which we expect to help the researchers in advancing the state of the art in multi-image super-resolution.
Controlled light scattering of a single nanoparticle by wavefront shaping
Creators: name: Hong, Peilong
name: Vos, Willem L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Controlling light scattering by nanoparticles is fundamentally important for the understanding and the control of light with photonic nanostructures, as well as for nanoparticle scattering itself, including Mie scattering. Here, we theoretically and numerically investigate the possibility to manipulate nanoparticle scattering by wavefront shaping that was initially developed to control light scattered by large numbers of nanoparticles in nanophotonic media. By employing a scattering matrix analysis, we find that even a single nanoparticle supports multiple strongly scattering eigenchannels, suggesting wavefront shaping as a promising tool to manipulate scattered light of a single nanoparticle. By sending in shaped wavefronts, we selectively excite eigenchannels, as is apparent from the distinct field distributions. These scattering eigenchannels are related to different resonant leaky modes of the scatterer, that reveal remarkable localized "hot spots" where the field is substantially enhanced. Moreover, we investigate the backscattered spectra; to this send in wavefronts relevant for a particular eigenchannel, and observe that the backscattered spectrum reveals not only the excited channel but also several others. This result points to the existence of short and long-range spectral correlations for an eigenchannel. Our work offers a flexible tool to manipulate light scattering of a single nanoparticle, and thus opens new possibilities to control field patterns and light-matter interactions in a nanoparticle, as well as to explore new features of nanoparticle scattering such as the spectral correlation and temporal response of light scattered by nano scatterers, including Mie spheres.
description: 8 pages, 2 tables, 4 figures
Many-body quantum chaos in stroboscopically-driven cold atoms
Creators: name: Dag, Ceren B.
name: Mistakidis, Simeon I.
name: Chan, Amos
name: Sadeghpour, H. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In quantum chaotic systems, the spectral form factor (SFF), defined as the Fourier transform of the two-level spectral correlation function, is known to follow random matrix theory (RMT), namely a 'ramp' followed by a 'plateau' in sufficiently late times. Recently, a generic early-time deviation from the RMT behavior, which we call the 'bump', was shown to exist in random quantum circuits and spin chains as toy models for many-body quantum chaotic systems. Here we demonstrate the existence of the 'bump-ramp-plateau' behavior in the SFF for a number of paradigmatic and stroboscopically-driven 1D cold atom models: (i) Bose-Hubbard model, (ii) spin$-1/2$ Bose-Hubbard model, and (iii) nonintegrable spin-$1$ condensate with contact or dipolar interactions. We find that the scaling of the many-body Thouless time $t_{\textrm{Th}}$ -- the onset of RMT -- , and the bump amplitude are more sensitive to variations in atom number than the lattice size regardless of the hyperfine structure, the symmetry classes, or the choice of driving protocol. Moreover, $t_{\textrm{Th}}$ scaling and the increase of the bump amplitude in atom number are significantly slower in spinor gases than interacting bosons in 1D optical lattices, demonstrating the role of locality. We obtain universal scaling functions of SFF which suggest power-law behavior for the bump regime in quantum chaotic cold-atom systems, and propose an interference measurement protocol.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures, supplementary material
Weiterentwicklung des KDSF: Abgleich mit dem Gemeinsamen Vokabular
Creators: name: Biesenbender, Sophie
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: KDSF
Gemeinsames Vokabular für Publikations- und Dokumenttypen
DINI
Forschungsinformationen
Forschungsberichterstattung

description: Vortrag beim Webinar "Gemeinsam zum DINI-Zertifikat 2022" am 6. Oktober 2022
Large $N$ Partition Functions of the ABJM Theory
Creators: name: Bobev, Nikolay
name: Hong, Junho
name: Reys, Valentin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the large $N$ limit of some supersymmetric partition functions of the $\mathrm{U}(N)_{k}\times \mathrm{U}(N)_{-k}$ ABJM theory computed by supersymmetric localization. We conjecture an explicit expression, valid to all orders in the large $N$ limit, for the partition function on the $\mathrm{U}(1)\times \mathrm{U}(1)$ invariant squashed sphere in the presence of real masses in terms of an Airy function. Several non-trivial tests of this conjecture are presented. In addition, we derive an explicit compact expression for the topologically twisted index of the ABJM theory valid at fixed $k$ to all orders in the $1/N$ expansion. We use these results to derive the topologically twisted index and the sphere partition function in the 't Hooft limit which correspond to genus $\tt g$ type IIA string theory free energies to all orders in the $α'$ expansion. We discuss the implications of our results for holography and the physics of AdS$_4$ black holes.
description: v1: 56 pages, 4 figures; v2: corrected typos in equations (2.5) and (4.69), updated references; v3: added footnote 11, minor revisions in Subsection 4.4; v4: minor typos corrected
Exhaustive search for optimal molecular geometries using imaginary-time evolution on a quantum computer
Creators: name: Kosugi, Taichi
name: Nishi, Hirofumi
name: Matsushita, Yuichiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a nonvariational scheme for geometry optimization of molecules for the first-quantized eigensolver, a recently proposed framework for quantum chemistry using the probabilistic imaginary-time evolution (PITE) on a quantum computer. While the electrons in a molecule are treated in the scheme as quantum mechanical particles, the nuclei are treated as classical point charges. We encode both electronic states and candidate molecular geometries as a superposition of many-qubit states, leading to quantum advantage. The histogram formed by outcomes of repeated measurements gives the global minimum of the energy surface. We demonstrate that the circuit depth scales as O (n_e^2 poly(log n_e)) for the electron number n_e, which can be reduced to O (n_e poly(log n_e)) if extra O (n_e log n_e) qubits are available. We corroborate the scheme via numerical simulations. The new efficient scheme will be helpful for achieving scalability of practical quantum chemistry on quantum computers. As a special case of the scheme, a classical system composed only of charged particles is admitted. We also examine the scheme adapted to variational calculations that prioritize saving circuit depths for noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) devices.
description: 19 figures
Deliverable 2.2: Process limits fine cutting of metal
Creators: name: McCague, Enda
name: Dury, Noémie
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: fine cutting of metals
HIPERDIAS
H2020
High Throughput Laser
PHOTONICS

description: This document provides an overview of the prerequisite studies and experimentation carried out on femtosecond processing of metals in anticipation of the arrival of the >150W (and up to 200W) system to the partners facilities (namely C4L).
Raffaele Balbi, La Sentenza ingiusta nel Decretum di Graziano, Jovene Editore, Napoli 1990, 225 pp., 240X165.
Creators: name: Neiva, A. Costa
Publisher: name: Theologica
Year: 1994

description: Theologica, v. 29 n. 2 (1994): Santuários marianos | Braga e Viana do Castelo
William E. Morgan
Creators: name: Lynch, Anna, 1865-1946
Publisher: name: Galter Health Science Library & Learning Center
Year: 2016

description: Oil on canvas portrait of Dr. William E. Morgan by Anna Lynch. Measures 102 cm H x 88 cm W x 6 cm D. B/W photo of framed colored portrait housed in Galter Health Sciences Library, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL. Plaque, measuring 10.2 cm H x 15.2 cm W x 2.5 cm D reads: William E. Morgan, M.D. Professor of Surgery, 1881 to 1920 Northwestern University Medical School. On October 2, 1934, Dr. Morgan was honored by the medical school on Founders Day when his portrait was hung in the Archibald Church Library. (Sources: 1934 Founders Day program and 2012 internal inventory)
Motion Planning using Reactive Circular Fields: A 2D Analysis of Collision Avoidance and Goal Convergence
Creators: name: Becker, Marvin
name: Köhler, Johannes
name: Haddadin, Sami
name: Müller, Matthias A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Recently, many reactive trajectory planning approaches were suggested in the literature because of their inherent immediate adaption in the ever more demanding cluttered and unpredictable environments of robotic systems. However, typically those approaches are only locally reactive without considering global path planning and no guarantees for simultaneous collision avoidance and goal convergence can be given. In this paper, we study a recently developed circular field (CF)-based motion planner that combines local reactive control with global trajectory generation by adapting an artificial magnetic field such that multiple trajectories around obstacles can be evaluated. In particular, we provide a mathematically rigorous analysis of this planner in a planar environment to ensure safe motion of the controlled robot. Contrary to existing results, the derived collision avoidance analysis covers the entire CF motion planning algorithm including attractive forces for goal convergence and is not limited to a specific choice of the rotation field, i.e., our guarantees are not limited to a specific potentially suboptimal trajectory. Our Lyapunov-type collision avoidance analysis is based on the definition of an (equivalent) two-dimensional auxiliary system, which enables us to provide tight, if and only if conditions for the case of a collision with point obstacles. Furthermore, we show how this analysis naturally extends to multiple obstacles and we specify sufficient conditions for goal convergence. Finally, we provide a challenging simulation scenario with multiple non-convex point cloud obstacles and demonstrate collision avoidance and goal convergence.
description: Published in IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control (Early Access)