cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
On the Evolution of A.I. and Machine Learning: Towards a Meta-level Measuring and Understanding Impact, Influence, and Leadership at Premier A.I. Conferences
Creators: name: Audibert, Rafael B.
name: Lemos, Henrique
name: Avelar, Pedro
name: Tavares, Anderson R.
name: Lamb, Luís C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.0; I.2.6; K.1; K.2; K.4

description: Artificial Intelligence is now recognized as a general-purpose technology with ample impact on human life. This work aims at understanding the evolution of AI and, in particular Machine learning, from the perspective of researchers' contributions to the field. In order to do so, we present several measures allowing the analyses of AI and machine learning researchers' impact, influence, and leadership over the last decades. This work also contributes, to a certain extent, to shed new light on the history and evolution of AI by exploring the dynamics involved in the field's evolution by looking at papers published at the flagship AI and machine learning conferences since the first International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence (IJCAI) held in 1969. AI development and evolution have led to increasing research output, reflected in the number of articles published over the last sixty years. We construct comprehensive citation collaboration and paper-author datasets and compute corresponding centrality measures to carry out our analyses. These analyses allow a better understanding of how AI has reached its current state of affairs in research. Throughout the process, we correlate these datasets with the work of the ACM Turing Award winners and the so-called two AI winters the field has gone through. We also look at self-citation trends and new authors' behaviors. Finally, we present a novel way to infer the country of affiliation of a paper from its organization. Therefore, this work provides a deep analysis of Artificial Intelligence history from information gathered and analysed from large technical venues datasets and suggests novel insights that can contribute to understanding and measuring AI's evolution.
description: 125 pages, 57 figures, 11 tables. Published in The Journal of Applied Logics - IFCoLog Journal of Logics and their Applications
Quantum measurement of a mesoscopic spin ensemble
Creators: name: Giedke, G.
name: Taylor, J. M.
name: D'Alessandro, D.
name: Lukin, M. D.
name: Imamoglu, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe a method for precise estimation of the polarization of a mesoscopic spin ensemble by using its coupling to a single two-level system. Our approach requires a minimal number of measurements on the two-level system for a given measurement precision. We consider the application of this method to the case of nuclear spin ensemble defined by a single electron-charged quantum dot: we show that decreasing the electron spin dephasing due to nuclei and increasing the fidelity of nuclear-spin-based quantum memory could be within the reach of present day experiments.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures; minor changes, published version
Squeezing and quantum approximate optimization
Creators: name: Santra, Gopal Chandra
name: Jendrzejewski, Fred
name: Hauke, Philipp
name: Egger, Daniel J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Variational quantum algorithms offer fascinating prospects for the solution of combinatorial optimization problems using digital quantum computers. However, the achievable performance in such algorithms and the role of quantum correlations therein remain unclear. Here, we shed light on this open issue by establishing a tight connection to the seemingly unrelated field of quantum metrology: Metrological applications employ quantum states of spin-ensembles with a reduced variance to achieve an increased sensitivity, and we cast the generation of such squeezed states in the form of finding optimal solutions to a combinatorial MaxCut problem with an increased precision. By solving this optimization problem with a quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA), we show numerically as well as on an IBM quantum chip how highly squeezed states are generated in a systematic procedure that can be adapted to a wide variety of quantum machines. Moreover, squeezing tailored for the QAOA of the MaxCut permits us to propose a figure of merit for future hardware benchmarks.
description: 8+7 pages, 4+8 figures
NORTH DAKOTA LIGNITE ENERGY INDUSTRY'S CONTRIBUTION TO THE STATE ECONOMY FOR 2006 AND PROJECTED FOR 2007
Creators: name: Coon, Randal C.
name: Leistritz, F. Larry
name: Coon, Randal C.
name: Leistritz, F. Larry
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: economic impacts
subject: lignite (coal) mining
subject: lignite conversion
subject: input-output analysis

description: This report provides estimates of the lignite industry's contribution to the North Dakota economy, using key economic indicators such as retail trade activity, personal income, total business activity, employment, and tax revenues. The estimates are based on actual industry expenditures for 2006 and projected expenditures for 2007. This analysis contains two measures of the relative importance of the lignite energy industry in North Dakota. First, the industry's share of the state's total sales to final demand (or exports) is evaluated. Second, the business volume generated by the industry is compared to the total gross business volume for the state. Expenditures were obtained from a survey of firms involved in lignite-related activities (mining or conversion) in North Dakota. Finally, wages paid by the coal mining sector are compared to those paid by other sectors of the state economy. In 2006, the lignite industry accounted for $633.6 million in direct expenditures and $1.9 billion in total economic impacts. The lignite industry directly employed 4,041 workers in 2006, and generated an estimated 18,610 secondary jobs throughout the state economy.
Cosmic Ray Transport, Energy Loss, and Influence in the Multiphase Interstellar Medium
Creators: name: Bustard, Chad
name: Zweibel, Ellen G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The bulk propagation speed of GeV-energy cosmic rays is limited by frequent scattering off hydromagnetic waves. Most galaxy evolution simulations that account for this confinement assume the gas is fully ionized and cosmic rays are well-coupled to Alfvén waves; however, multiphase density inhomogeneities, frequently under-resolved in galaxy evolution simulations, induce cosmic ray collisions and ionization-dependent transport driven by cosmic ray decoupling and elevated streaming speeds in partially neutral gas. How do cosmic rays navigate and influence such a medium, and can we constrain this transport with observations? In this paper, we simulate cosmic ray fronts impinging upon idealized, partially neutral clouds and lognormally-distributed clumps, with and without ionization-dependent transport. With these high-resolution simulations, we identify cloud interfaces as crucial regions where cosmic ray fronts can develop a stair-step pressure gradient sufficient to collisionlessly generate waves, overcome ion-neutral damping, and exert a force on the cloud. We find that the acceleration of cold clouds is hindered by only a factor of a few when ionization-dependent transport is included, with additional dependencies on magnetic field strength and cloud dimensionality. We also probe how cosmic rays sample the background gas and quantify collisional losses. Hadronic gamma-ray emission maps are qualitatively different when ionization-dependent transport is included, but the overall luminosity varies by only a small factor, as the short cosmic ray residence times in cold clouds are offset by the higher densities that cosmic rays sample.
description: Accepted to ApJ. Revised version includes 3 tables and additional text that clarify the simulation setups and parameters. Figures 3 and 20 have been modified to show results from higher resolution simulations
Demand Response for Flat Nonlinear MIMO Processes using Dynamic Ramping Constraints
Creators: name: Baader, Florian Joseph
name: Althaus, Philipp
name: Bardow, André
name: Dahmen, Manuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Volatile electricity prices make demand response (DR) attractive for processes that can modulate their production rate. However, if nonlinear dynamic processes must be scheduled simultaneously with their local multi-energy system, the resulting scheduling optimization problems often cannot be solved in real time. For single-input single-output processes, the problem can be simplified without sacrificing feasibility by dynamic ramping constraints that define a derivative of the production rate as the ramping degree of freedom. In this work, we extend dynamic ramping constraints to flat multi-input multi-output processes by a coordinate transformation that gives the true nonlinear ramping limits. Approximating these ramping limits by piecewise affine functions gives a mixed-integer linear formulation that guarantees feasible operation. As a case study, dynamic ramping constraints are derived for a heated reactor-separator process that is subsequently scheduled simultaneously with its multi-energy system. The dynamic ramping formulation bridges the gap between rigorous process models and simplified process representations for real-time scheduling.
description: manuscript (23 pages, 11 figures, 1 table), supporting information (10 pages, 3 figures, 5 tables)
title: Revealing the Unseen: Exploring Ultrasound's Role in Ocular Trauma for Radiologists
Creators: name: Ng, Yi Yon
Publisher: name: The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Emergency
subject: Eyes
subject: Trauma
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Ultrasound-Colour Doppler
subject: Education
subject: Screening
subject: Trauma

description: Learning objectives
Background
Imaging findings OR Procedure details
Conclusion
Personal information
References
description: Learning objectives:
To provide a comprehensive review of the structured approach to performing eye ultrasound, while describing the ultrasound imaging features associated with ocular traumas stemming from closed globe injuries. The overarching goal is to enhance...
B_K with two flavors of dynamical overlap fermions
Creators: name: Aoki, S.
name: Fukaya, H.
name: Hashimoto, S.
name: Noaki, J.
name: Kaneko, T.
name: Matsufuru, H.
name: Onogi, T.
name: Yamada, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a two-flavor QCD calculation of $B_K$ on a $16^3 \times 32$ lattice at $a\sim 0.12$ fm (or equivalently $a^{-1}\sim$1.67 GeV). Both valence and sea quarks are described by the overlap fermion formulation. The matching factor is calculated non-perturbatively with the so-called RI/MOM scheme. We find that the lattice data are well described by the next-to-leading order (NLO) partially quenched chiral perturbation theory (PQChPT) up to around a half of the strange quark mass ($m_s^{\rm phys}/2$). The data at quark masses heavier than $m_s^{\rm phys}/2$ are fitted including a part of next-to-next-to-leading order terms. We obtain $B_K^{\bar{\rm MS}}(2 {\rm GeV})= 0.537(4)(40)$, where the first error is statistical and the second is an estimate of systematic uncertainties from finite volume, fixing topology, the matching factor, and the scale setting.
description: 36 pages, 14 figures, comments and references added, analysis and systematic error revised, minor change in the final result. version to appear in PRD, reference corrected
BIOREFINERIES USING AGRICULTURAL RESIDUE FEEDSTOCK IN THE GREAT PLAINS
Creators: name: Leistritz, F. Larry
name: Hodur, Nancy M.
name: Senechal, Donald M.
name: Stowers, Mark D.
name: McCalla, Darold
name: Saffron, Chris M.
name: Leistritz, F. Larry
name: Hodur, Nancy M.
name: Senechal, Donald M.
name: Stowers, Mark D.
name: McCalla, Darold
name: Saffron, Chris M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: biomass
subject: biomaterials
subject: ethanol
subject: wheat straw
subject: cellulose nanowhiskers (CNW)
subject: economic development

description: Rising prices and uncertain supplies of petroleum, together with environmental concerns regarding fossil fuel combustion, has enhanced interest in biobased products and fuels. The work reported here analyzes the feasibility of a multi-product biorefinery using wheat straw as feedstock that produces ethanol, electricity, and cellulose nanofibers. The nanofibers (nanowhiskers) would be used as reinforcements in a biobased nanocomposite material that could substitute for fiberglass in many applications. The analysis indicates that, at 2005 prices and costs, the biorefinery would be marginally profitable. Anticipated advances in bioprocessing technology would enhance profitability. The facility would also make a substantial contribution to the biorefinery site area economy, as a high percentage of operating expenses would be payments to local entities. The growth of a biobased industry could have major economic development implications for the Great Plains/Midwest region.
title: Radiographic and ultrasound features of peripheral joints in inflammatory arthropathies
Creators: name: Mangi, Mohammad
Publisher: name: The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Bones
subject: Extremities
subject: Musculoskeletal system
subject: Plain radiographic studies
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Education
subject: Arthritides
subject: Connective tissue disorders

description: Learning objectives
Background
Imaging findings OR Procedure details
Conclusion
Personal information
References
description: Learning objectives:
To identify the common radiographic features and patterns of inflammatory...
ИСТОРИКО-ПРАВОВОЙ АНАЛИЗ РАЗВИТИЯ СИСТЕМЫ ОТЕЧЕСТВЕННОГО ЗДРАВООХРАНЕНИЯ В 1970-Е ГГ. (НА ПРИМЕРЕ ТУВЫ)
Creators: name: Мохова А.В.
Publisher: name: Образование и право
Year: 2021
Subjects: здравоохранение
охрана здоровья населения
человеческие ресурсы
медицинская интеллигенция
Тува
правовая база
отечественное законодательство.

description: Статья посвящена историко-правовому анализу развития системы здравоохранения Тувы в 1970-х гг., ее реформированию при переходе к рыночным механизмам в экономической сфере, а также эволюции правовой базы в исследуемый хронологический период.
Time resolved scattering relaxation mechanisms of microcavity polaritons
Creators: name: Chaves, F.
name: Rodriguez, F. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the polariton relaxation dynamics for different scattering mechanisms as: Phonon and electron scattering procesess. The relaxation polariton is obtained at very short times by solving the Boltzman equation. Instead of the well-known relaxation process by phonons, we show that the bottleneck effect relaxes to the ground state more efficiently at low pump power intensity when the electron relaxation process is included. In this way, we clearly demonstrate that different relaxation times exist, for which any of these two mechanism is more efficient to relax the polariton population to the ground state.
description: 10 eps figures
ECONOMIC RESEARCH OF INTEREST TO AGRICULTURE, 1997-1999
Creators: name: Dote, Grace
name: Dote, Grace
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession

description: This bibliography of Giannini Foundation members' publications, Economic Research of Interest to Agriculture was first issued on May 6, 1951, the eighty-first birthday of A.P. Giannini, and included the Giannini Foundation of Agricultural Economics members' works from 1929 through 1950. The first three issues were compiled and edited by the Giannini Foundation's first librarian, Orpha E. Cummings, 1930-1958. The issues that followed were edited by librarians, Mary Lida Eakin, 1958-1967; Virginia A. Fox, 1967-1980; and Grace Dote, 1970-2001.
title: Correlating Cranial Soft Tissue and Skull Vault Injuries with Intracranial Bleeds and Cervical Spinal Fractures in Traumatic Head Injuries
Creators: name: Veeranki, Vamsi
Publisher: name: The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: CNS
subject: CT
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Trauma

description: Purpose
Methods and materials
Results
Conclusion
Personal information
References
description: Purpose:
Intracranial injuries are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality inpatients with traumatic head injuries worldwide. Head injuriesresulting in intracranial bleeds are often associated with soft tissueinjuries of the scalp given the degree of...
Avoidance, Adjacency, and Association in Distributed Systems Design
Creators: name: Klishin, Andrei A.
name: Singer, David J.
name: van Anders, Greg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Patterns of avoidance, adjacency, and association in complex systems design emerge from the system's underlying logical architecture (functional relationships among components) and physical architecture (component physical properties and spatial location). Understanding the physical--logical architecture interplay that gives rise to patterns of arrangement requires a quantitative approach that bridges both descriptions. Here, we show that statistical physics reveals patterns of avoidance, adjacency, and association across sets of complex, distributed system design solutions. Using an example arrangement problem and tensor network methods, we identify several phenomena in complex systems design, including placement symmetry breaking, propagating correlation, and emergent localization. Our approach generalizes straightforwardly to a broad range of complex systems design settings where it can provide a platform for investigating basic design phenomena.
description: 18 REVTeX pages, 12 figures
ECONOMIC RESEARCH OF INTEREST TO AGRICULTURE, 1976-1978
Creators: name: Dote, Grace
name: Dote, Grace
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1979
Subjects: Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession

description: This bibliography of Giannini Foundation members' publications, Economic Research of Interest to Agriculture was first issued on May 6, 1951, the eighty-first birthday of A.P. Giannini, and included the Giannini Foundation of Agricultural Economics members' works from 1929 through 1950. The first three issues were compiled and edited by the Giannini Foundation's first librarian, Orpha E. Cummings, 1930-1958. The issues that followed were edited by librarians, Mary Lida Eakin, 1958-1967; Virginia A. Fox, 1967-1980; and Grace Dote, 1970-2001.
ИСТОРИЧЕСКИЙ АСПЕКТ ИЗУЧЕНИЯ ДИАГНОСТИКИ РАЗВИТИЯ
Creators: name: Шельшакова Н.Н.
Publisher: name: Образование и право
Year: 2021
Subjects: диагностика
прогноз
изучение
психологический профиль
история
размышления
мышление.

description: Проблема диагностики развития не нова, однако она до сих пор недостаточно разработана. Так как все, что наработано в психологии в данном направлении, мало удовлетворяет потребностям, как науки, так и практики. Особое внимание уделяется историческому аспекту психодиагностики личностных особенностей. Комплексный подход требует всестороннего изучения и оценки особенностей развития ребенка, охватывает не только интеллектуальную и познавательную деятельность, но и поведение, эмоции, уровень овладения навыками, а также состояние зрения, слуха, двигательной сферы, неврологический статус, историю развития. Системность изучения стала ведущим методологическим принципом современной психологии в целом и медицинской психологии, в частности.
title: A single centre experience on the safety of the adenosine-based pharmacological stress protocol for myocardial perfusion SPECT imaging.
Creators: name: Robins, Peter
Publisher: name: The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Cardiac
subject: Cardiovascular system
subject: Nuclear medicine conventional
subject: SPECT-CT
subject: Molecular imaging
subject: Ischaemia / Infarction

description: Purpose
Methods and materials
Results
Conclusion
Personal information
References
description: Purpose:
Myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) with SPECT is performed to evaluate functionally significant coronary artery disease. The stress component of the MPI can be performed using several different vasodilatory pharmacological agents and in times of...
E2S2: Encoding-Enhanced Sequence-to-Sequence Pretraining for Language Understanding and Generation
Creators: name: Zhong, Qihuang
name: Ding, Liang
name: Liu, Juhua
name: Du, Bo
name: Tao, Dacheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Sequence-to-sequence (seq2seq) learning is a popular fashion for large-scale pretraining language models. However, the prior seq2seq pretraining models generally focus on reconstructive objectives on the decoder side and neglect the effect of encoder-side supervision, which we argue may lead to sub-optimal performance. To verify our hypothesis, we first empirically study the functionalities of the encoder and decoder in seq2seq pretrained language models, and find that the encoder takes an important but under-exploitation role than the decoder regarding the downstream performance and neuron activation. Therefore, we propose an encoding-enhanced seq2seq pretraining strategy, namely E2S2, which improves the seq2seq models via integrating more efficient self-supervised information into the encoders. Specifically, E2S2 adopts two self-supervised objectives on the encoder side from two aspects: 1) locally denoising the corrupted sentence (denoising objective); and 2) globally learning better sentence representations (contrastive objective). With the help of both objectives, the encoder can effectively distinguish the noise tokens and capture high-level (i.e., syntactic and semantic) knowledge, thus strengthening the ability of seq2seq model to accurately achieve the conditional generation. On a large diversity of downstream natural language understanding and generation tasks, E2S2 dominantly improves the performance of its powerful backbone models, e.g., BART and T5. For example, upon BART backbone, we achieve +1.1% averaged gain on the general language understanding evaluation (GLUE) benchmark and +1.75% F_0.5 score improvement on CoNLL2014 dataset. We also provide in-depth analyses to show the improvement stems from better linguistic representation. We hope that our work will foster future self-supervision research on seq2seq language model pretraining.
description: Accepted by IEEE TKDE 2023
First-order Goedel logics
Creators: name: Baaz, Matthias
name: Preining, Norbert
name: Zach, Richard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 03B50, 03B52, 03B55

description: First-order Goedel logics are a family of infinite-valued logics where the sets of truth values V are closed subsets of [0, 1] containing both 0 and 1. Different such sets V in general determine different Goedel logics G_V (sets of those formulas which evaluate to 1 in every interpretation into V). It is shown that G_V is axiomatizable iff V is finite, V is uncountable with 0 isolated in V, or every neighborhood of 0 in V is uncountable. Complete axiomatizations for each of these cases are given. The r.e. prenex, negation-free, and existential fragments of all first-order Goedel logics are also characterized.
description: 37 pages
Practical Black Box Hamiltonian Learning
Creators: name: Gu, Andi
name: Cincio, Lukasz
name: Coles, Patrick J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We study the problem of learning the parameters for the Hamiltonian of a quantum many-body system, given limited access to the system. In this work, we build upon recent approaches to Hamiltonian learning via derivative estimation. We propose a protocol that improves the scaling dependence of prior works, particularly with respect to parameters relating to the structure of the Hamiltonian (e.g., its locality $k$). Furthermore, by deriving exact bounds on the performance of our protocol, we are able to provide a precise numerical prescription for theoretically optimal settings of hyperparameters in our learning protocol, such as the maximum evolution time (when learning with unitary dynamics) or minimum temperature (when learning with Gibbs states). Thanks to these improvements, our protocol is practical for large problems: we demonstrate this with a numerical simulation of our protocol on an 80-qubit system.
description: 32 pages, 10 figures
The Existence of Godel, Einstein and de Sitter Universes
Creators: name: Clifton, T.
name: Barrow, John D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We determine the general conditions for the existence of Godel, Einstein static, and de Sitter universes in gravity theories derived from a Lagrangian that is an arbitrary function of the scalar curvature and Ricci and Riemann curvature invariants. Explicit expressions for the solutions are found in terms of the parameters defining the Lagrangian. We also determine the conditions on the Lagrangian of the theory under which time-travel is allowed in the Godel universes.
description: 8 pages, no figures
Valence Transition Theory of the Pressure-Induced Dimensionality Crossover in Superconducting Sr$_{14-x}$Ca$_x$Cu$_{24}$O$_{41}$
Creators: name: Song, Jeong-Pil
name: Clay, R. Torsten
name: Mazumdar, Sumit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: More than three decades after the discovery of superconductivity (SC) in the cuprates, the nature of the "normal" state and the mechanism of SC remain mysterious. One popular theoretical approach has been to treat the CuO$_2$ layer as coupled two-leg one-band Hubbard ladders. In the undoped two-leg ladder spin-singlets occupy ladder rungs, and doped ladders are characterized by superconducting correlations with quasi-long range order (quasi-LRO). Pressure-induced SC in Sr$_{14-x}$Ca$_x$Cu$_{24}$O$_{41}$ (SCCO) has long been explained within one-band ladder theories. The dramatic pressure-driven crossover from quasi one-to-two dimensional (1D-to-2D) transport and the simultaneous vanishing of the spin gap due to ladder singlets in the metallic state preceding SC however lie outside the scope of ladder-based theories. Recent demonstration of rapid decay of superconducting correlations with distance within a realistic multiband model of the cuprate ladder gives additional credence to this viewpoint. Here we show that the assumption of pressure-driven increase in hole concentration in the ladders cannot explain the dimensionality crossover. The dimensionality crossover is due to discrete change in Cu-ion ionicity accompanied by transfer of holes from the Cu to O-ions, leading to "negative charge-transfer gap". Our theory of valence transition driven dimensionality crossover in SCCO provides a generic explanation of the very large increase in charge carrier density at critical doping concentrations in both hole and electron doped layered cuprates We propose a falsifiable experimental test of our theory.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
title: Radiological Features of Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis: A Pictorial Essay
Creators: name: Brien, Peter
Publisher: name: The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Head and neck
subject: Respiratory system
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: Other
subject: Inflammation

description: Learning objectives
Background
Imaging findings OR Procedure details
Conclusion
Personal information
References
description: Learning objectives:
This pictorial essay reviews the imaging manifestations of granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA, formerly Wegener granulomatosis). Readers will learn to recognise the common and rare but clinically significant imaging manifestations of GPA and...
ECONOMIC RESEARCH OF INTEREST TO AGRICULTURE, 1988-1990
Creators: name: Dote, Grace
name: Dote, Grace
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1991
Subjects: Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession

description: This bibliography of Giannini Foundation members' publications, Economic Research of Interest to Agriculture was first issued on May 6, 1951, the eighty-first birthday of A.P. Giannini, and included the Giannini Foundation of Agricultural Economics members' works from 1929 through 1950. The first three issues were compiled and edited by the Giannini Foundation's first librarian, Orpha E. Cummings, 1930-1958. The issues that followed were edited by librarians, Mary Lida Eakin, 1958-1967; Virginia A. Fox, 1967-1980; and Grace Dote, 1970-2001.
Accelerating high order discontinuous Galerkin solvers using neural networks: 3D compressible Navier-Stokes equations
Creators: name: de Lara, Fernando Manrique
name: Ferrer, Esteban
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose to accelerate a high order discontinuous Galerkin solver using neural networks. We include a corrective forcing to a low polynomial order simulation to enhance its accuracy. The forcing is obtained by training a deep fully connected neural network, using a high polynomial order simulation but only for a short time frame. With this corrective forcing, we can run the low polynomial order simulation faster (with large time steps and low cost per time step) while improving its accuracy.
 We explored this idea for a 1D Burgers' equation in (Marique and Ferrer, CAF 2022), and we have extended this work to the 3D Navier-Stokes equations, with and without a Large Eddy Simulation closure model. We test the methodology with the turbulent Taylor Green Vortex case and for various Reynolds numbers (30, 200 and 1600). In addition, the Taylor Green Vortex evolves with time and covers laminar, transitional, and turbulent regimes, as time progresses.
 The proposed methodology proves to be applicable to a variety of flows and regimes. The results show that the corrective forcing is effective in all Reynolds numbers and time frames (excluding the initial flow development). We can train the corrective forcing with a polynomial order of 8, to increase the accuracy of simulations from a polynomial order 3 to 6, when correcting outside the training time frame. The low order correct solution is 4 to 5 times faster than a simulation with comparable accuracy (polynomial order 6).
 Additionally, we explore changes in the hyperparameters and use transfer learning to speed up the training. We observe that it is not useful to train a corrective forcing using a different flow condition. However, an already trained corrective forcing can be used to initialise a new training (at the correct flow conditions) to obtain an effective forcing with only a few training iterations.
ECONOMIC RESEARCH OF INTEREST TO AGRICULTURE, 1951-1953
Creators: name: Cummings, Orpha E.
name: Cummings, Orpha E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1954
Subjects: Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession

description: This bibliography of Giannini Foundation members' publications, Economic Research of Interest to Agriculture was first issued on May 6, 1951, the eighty-first birthday of A.P. Giannini, and included the Giannini Foundation of Agricultural Economics members' works from 1929 through 1950. The first three issues were compiled and edited by the Giannini Foundation's first librarian, Orpha E. Cummings, 1930-1958. The issues that followed were edited by librarians, Mary Lida Eakin, 1958-1967; Virginia A. Fox, 1967-1980; and Grace Dote, 1970-2001.
Omega-3 fatty acids and genome-wide interaction analyses reveal DPP10–pulmonary function association
Creators: name: Fornage, M.
name: Tsai, M.Y.
name: North, K.E.
name: Hancock, D.B.
name: Smith, A.V.
name: Harris, T.B.
name: Patchen, B.K.
name: Zilhão, N.R.
name: Lahousse, L.
name: Rich, S.S.
name: London, S.J.
name: Xu, J.
name: Rohde, R.R.
name: Xu, H.
name: Lemaitre, R.N.
name: Schu, M.
name: Smith, L.J.
name: Markunas, C.A.
name: Tiemeier, H.
name: Gudnason, V.
name: Vasan, R.S.
name: Eiriksdottir, G.
name: Seshadri, S.
name: Graff, M.
name: Sun, F.
name: Rotter, J.I.
name: Hou, R.
name: Brusselle, G.G.
name: Zillikens, M.C.
name: Voruganti, V.S.
name: Launer, L.J.
name: Cassano, P.A.
name: Zhou, X.
name: Gaddis, N.C.
name: Terzikhan, N.
name: Oelsner, E.C.
name: Beydoun, M.A.
name: Ikram, M.A.
name: Dupuis, J.
name: Manichaikul, A.W.
name: Gharib, S.A.
name: Psaty, B.M.
name: Jacobs, D.R., Jr.
name: Pankratz, N.
name: Graham Barr, R.
name: Wood, A.C.
name: O’Connor, G.T.
name: Bartz, T.M.
name: Uitterlinden, A.G.
name: Steffen, L.M.
Publisher: name: American Thoracic Society
Year: 2019

description: Rationale: Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) have anti-inflammatory properties that could benefit adults with comprised pulmonary health. Objective: To investigate n-3 PUFA associations with spirometric measures of pulmonary function tests (PFTs) and determine underlying genetic susceptibility. Methods: Associations of n-3 PUFA biomarkers (a-linolenic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, docosapentaenoic acid [DPA], and docosahexaenoic acid [DHA]) were evaluated with PFTs (FEV 1 , FVC, and FEV 1 /FVC) in meta-analyses across seven cohorts from the Cohorts for Heart and Aging Research in Genomic Epidemiology Consortium (N = 16,134 of European or African ancestry). PFT-associated n-3 PUFAs were carried forward to genome-wide interaction analyses in the four largest cohorts (N = 11,962) and replicated in one cohort (N = 1,687). Cohort-specific results were combined using joint 2 degree-of-freedom (2df) meta-analyses of SNP associations and their interactions with n-3 PUFAs Results: DPA and DHA were positively associated with FEV 1 and FVC (P, 0.025), with evidence for effect modification by smoking and by sex. Genome-wide analyses identified a novel association of rs11693320—an intronic DPP10 SNP—with FVC when incorporating an interaction with DHA, and the finding was replicated (P 2df = 9.4 3 10 29 across discovery and replication cohorts). The rs11693320-A allele (frequency, z80%) was associated with lower FVC (P SNP = 2.1 3 10 29 ; b SNP = 2161.0 ml), and the association was attenuated by higher DHA levels (P SNP 3DHA interaction = 2.1 3 10 27 ; b SNP 3DHA interaction = 36.2 ml). Conclusions: We corroborated beneficial effects of n-3 PUFAs on pulmonary function. By modeling genome-wide n-3 PUFA interactions, we identified a novel DPP10 SNP association with FVC that was not detectable in much larger studies ignoring this interaction.
The role of docking proteins and adapter proteins in signalling by the B cell receptor
Creators: name: Ingham, Robert J.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The production of antibodies (Abs) by B cells is an important part of the immune response. In order for B cells to differentiate into Ab-producing plasma cells, they require signals that are generated by the B cell receptor (BCR) when it binds antigen (Ag). The BCR activates multiple signalling pathways and a common theme of these pathways utilized by the BCR is that they consist of components that are physically separated in resting cells. Therefore, in order for efficient signal transmission, these components must be brought together during BCR signalling. My hypothesis was that two groups of proteins, docking proteins and adapter proteins, play an important role in this process. Docking and adapter proteins contain protein/protein and protein/lipid interaction domains that allow them to mediate the formation of signalling complexes and recruit signalling proteins to different areas of the cell. In this thesis, I will show that the BCR utilizes a number of docking and adapter proteins to perform these functions. I will present data showing that the BCR uses the Cas, c-Cbl, and Gabl docking proteins to recruit SH2 domain-containing signalling proteins including Crk, Ptdlns 3-kinase, SHP-2, She, and Grb2 to cellular membranes. This may be important for bringing these signalling proteins in close proximity to membrane-associated substrates. Furthermore, I will show that the BCR uses the Crk adapter proteins to recruit the C3G guanine nucleotide exchange factor to membrane-associated docking proteins. This may be important for bringing C3G close to its targets, Rapl and R-Ras, both of which associate with cellular membranes. Finally, I will show that in order for the She adapter protein to become tyrosine phosphorylated and function as a docking site for Grb2 complexes, both the She SH2 and PTB domains are required. Interestingly, the She-binding protein, SHIP, is also required for phosphorylation of She by the BCR. Thus, it appears that the BCR uses a number of docking and adapter proteins to mediate the formation of signalling complexes and to recruit signaling molecules to different areas of the cell. This likely improves the efficiency of signalling by the BCR.
On the temperature profile of radiatively efficient geometrically thin disks in black hole binaries with the ASCA GIS
Creators: name: Kubota, Aya
name: Ebisawa, Ken
name: Makishima, Kazuo
name: Nakazawa, Kazuhiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: X-ray spectra of black hole binaries(BHBs) in the high/soft state were studied comprehensively by using ASCA GIS data, and partially RXTE PCA data. A mathematical disk model was applied to several BHBs to see if the observed accretion disk temperature profile was consistent with that expected from the standard accretion disk model. This model is called p-free disk, and assumes that the spectrum is composed of multi-temperature blackbody emission of which the local temperature T(r) at radius r is given by T(r) ~ r^-p with p being a positive free parameter. The standard disk roughly requires p~3/4, while a small deviation is expected depending on the inner boundary conditions, general relativistic effects and disk vertical structures.Our sample objects included LMC X-1, LMC X-3, XTE J2012+381, and GRO J1655-40. During the ASCA observations, these BHBs showed characteristics of the standard high/soft state. Under the standard modeling of high-state black hole binaries, the sources show Tin=0.76-1.17keV, the disk fraction to the total 0.7-10keV flux of 54-98%, and Nh=(0.7--12)E21/cm^2. The best-fit p-values were found in 0.6-0.8, and the standard value of p=3/4 was accepted for all the sources.The obtained p-values are also compared with those expected for the standard accretion disk in the Schwarzschild metric, and they were consistent with those expected from the standard accretion disk.
description: 25 pages, 20 figures, resubmitted to ApJ by taking referee's comments into account
ИСТОРИЯ РАЗВИТИЯ ИНСТИТУТА ГРАЖДАНСКО-ПРАВОВОЙ ОТВЕТСТВЕННОСТИ ПОСЛЕ ОКТЯБРЬСКОЙ РЕВОЛЮЦИИ
Creators: name: Незнамова И.А.
name: Хохлова М.И.
Publisher: name: Образование и право
Year: 2021
Subjects: статья 53.1 ГК РФ
ст. 53 ГК РФ
возмещение убытков
единоличный исполнительный орган
Гражданский кодекс РСФСР
Постановление Пленума ВАС РФ № 62
гражданско-правовая ответственность
добросовестность
разумность
коллегиальные органы.

description: В современном мире уже сложилась судебная практика и достаточно четко урегулированы вопросы ответственности единоличного исполнительного органа, но как известно, так было не всегда. В этой статье будет рассмотрена история развития института гражданско-правовой ответственности. После октябрьской революции был принят Гражданский Кодекс РСФСР 1922 г., в котором был предусмотрен раздел 5 Акционерное общество (паевое товарищество) , где в соответствии со ст. 356 При исполнении своих обязанностей члены правления должны проявлять необходимую заботливость. То есть мы видим, что законодатель уже тогда вводил понятие необходимой заботливости при осуществлении своих обязанностей, что на сегодняшний день можно трактовать как добросовестность и разумность в действиях, связанных с управлением юридическим лицом. Будет рассмотрен процесс и необходимость принятия ст. 53.1 ГК РФ из-за разнородной судебной практики, а также влияние на формирование этой статьи Постановления Пленума Высшего Арбитражного Суда РФ О некоторых вопросах возмещения убытков лицами, входящими в состав органов юридического лица № 62 и соответственно на судебную практику, каким образом оно (постановление) ее изменило, и какие законодательные новеллы было внесено постановлением Пленума ВАС РФ, к примеру, возможность взыскания убытков с единоличного исполнительного органа юридического лица при совершении сделки, которая была одобрена решением общего собрания участников; были установлены критерии недобросовестности и неразумности действия (бездействий) единоличного исполнительного органа; установило конкретные критерии вины таких лиц; конкретизированы обстоятельства, снимающие гражданско-правовую ответственность с директора.
Inflation and accelerated expansion TeVeS cosmological solutions
Creators: name: Diaz-Rivera, Luz Maria
name: Samushia, Lado
name: Ratra, Bharat
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We find exact exponentially expanding and contracting de Sitter solutions of the spatially homogeneous TeVeS cosmological equations of motion in the vacuum TeVeS model and a power law accelerated expanding solution in thepresence of an additional ideal fluid with equation of state parameter $-5/3 < ω< -1$. A preliminary stability analysis shows that the expanding vacuum solution is stable, while in the ideal fluid case stability depends on model parameter values. These solutions might provide a basis for incorporating early-time inflation or late-time accelerated expansion in TeVeS cosmology.
description: Revised version, Phys.Rev.D in press
Quad-Net: Quad-domain Network for CT Metal Artifact Reduction
Creators: name: Li, Zilong
name: Gao, Qi
name: Wu, Yaping
name: Niu, Chuang
name: Zhang, Junping
name: Wang, Meiyun
name: Wang, Ge
name: Shan, Hongming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Metal implants and other high-density objects in patients introduce severe streaking artifacts in CT images, compromising image quality and diagnostic performance. Although various methods were developed for CT metal artifact reduction over the past decades, including the latest dual-domain deep networks, remaining metal artifacts are still clinically challenging in many cases. Here we extend the state-of-the-art dual-domain deep network approach into a quad-domain counterpart so that all the features in the sinogram, image, and their corresponding Fourier domains are synergized to eliminate metal artifacts optimally without compromising structural subtleties. Our proposed quad-domain network for MAR, referred to as Quad-Net, takes little additional computational cost since the Fourier transform is highly efficient, and works across the four receptive fields to learn both global and local features as well as their relations. Specifically, we first design a Sinogram-Fourier Restoration Network (SFR-Net) in the sinogram domain and its Fourier space to faithfully inpaint metal-corrupted traces. Then, we couple SFR-Net with an Image-Fourier Refinement Network (IFR-Net) which takes both an image and its Fourier spectrum to improve a CT image reconstructed from the SFR-Net output using cross-domain contextual information. Quad-Net is trained on clinical datasets to minimize a composite loss function. Quad-Net does not require precise metal masks, which is of great importance in clinical practice. Our experimental results demonstrate the superiority of Quad-Net over the state-of-the-art MAR methods quantitatively, visually, and statistically. The Quad-Net code is publicly available at https://github.com/longzilicart/Quad-Net.
Observational constraints on Hyperinflation
Creators: name: Bounakis, Marios
name: Moss, Ian G.
name: Rigopoulos, Gerasimos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a Hyperinflation model involving a field doublet on a hyperbolic field-space manifold and an exponential potential, providing a concise treatment of the evolution of the entropic and adiabatic perturbations around the homogeneous hyperbolic attractor solution. We find that the adiabatic spectral index narrows down the admissible values of the potential's slope to a very small region, severely restricting the state space of the allowed background solutions.
description: 16 pages, 12 figures
Skid Testing with an Automobile
Creators: name: Rizenbergs, Rolands L.
name: Ward, Hugh A.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 1967
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: A study was conducted to evaluate the theoretical and practical aspects of using an automobile as a testing device for measurement of pavement slipperiness. Every parameter and significant event in the excursion history of a skidding automobile was measured and recorded. The resultant skid-resistance values, twenty-five in all, were compared and correlated. As a result of the study, the measurement of time in the velocity increment between 30 mph to 20 mph was selected as an interim standard test. A number of experiments were also conducted to aid in the interpretation of test results and to establish control tolerances for the standard test. The British Portable Tester was further evaluated on various roads common to Kentucky and was found to have limited usefulness.
Grundfragen orthodoxen Gottesdienstverständnisses
Creators: name: Basdekis, Athanasios
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 28 Nr. 3 (1979): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 28, Heft 3