cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Lensing By Sgr A* as a Probe of Modified Gravity
Creators: name: Bin-Nun, Amitai Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that a possible astrophysical experiment, detection of lensed images of stars orbiting close to Sgr A*, can provide insight into the form of the metric around a black hole. We model Sgr A* as a black hole and add in a $\frac{1}{r^2}$ term to the Schwarzschild metric near the black hole. We then attempt to determine the effect of this extra term on the properties of the secondary images of the S stars in the Galactic Center. When the $\frac{1}{r2}$ term is positive, this represents a Reissner-Nordstrom (RN) metric, and we show that the there is little observational difference between a Schwarzschild black hole and a RN black hole, leading to the conclusion that secondary images may not be a useful probe of electrical charge in black holes. A negative value for the $\frac{1}{r^2}$ term can enter through modified gravity scenarios. Although physically unlikely to apply in the case of a large black hole, the Randall-Sundrum II braneworld scenario admits a metric of this form, known as tidal Reissner- Nordstrom (TRN) metric. We use values of tidal charge (Q in $\frac{Q}{r^2}$) ranging from $-1.6M^2$ to $0.4 M^2$. A negative value of Q enhances the brightness of images at all times and creates an increase in brightness of up to 0.4 magnitudes for the secondary image of the star S2 at periapse. We show that for other stars with brighter secondary images and positions more aligned with the optic axis, using the Tidal Reissner-Nordstrom metric with negative Q enhances the images as well, but the effect is less pronounced. With the next generation of instruments and increased knowledge of radiation from Sgr A*, using properties of secondary images to place constraints on the size of the $\frac{1}{r^2}$ term. This knowledge will be useful in constraining any modified gravity theory that adds a similar term into the strong field near a black hole.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures. To appear in Phys. Rev. D
The electromagnetic field equations for moving media
Creators: name: Ivezic, Tomislav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper a formulation of the field equation for moving media is developed by the generalization of an axiomatic geometric formulation of the electromagnetism in vacuum (Ivezić T 2005 Found. Phys. Lett. 18 401. First, the field equations with bivectors F(x) and \mathcal{M}(x) are presented and then these equations are written with vectors E(x), B(x), P(x) and M(x). The latter ones contain both the velocity vector u of a moving medium and the velocity vector v of the observers who measure E and B fields. They do not appear in the entire previous literature. All these equations are written in the standard basis and compared with Maxwell's equations with 3-vectors. In this approach the Ampèr-Maxwell law and Gauss's law are inseparably connected in one law and the same happens with Faraday's law and the law that expresses the absence of magnetic charge. It is shown that Maxwell's equations with 3-vectors and our field equations with 4D geometric quantities are not equivalent in the 4D spacetime.
description: 28 pages, sections 1 and 8 are slightly changed, references 37 and 38 in this version are new references, it will be published in the IARD 2016 Proceedings
Optimal Polynomial Recurrence
Creators: name: Lyall, Neil
name: Magyar, Akos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $P\in\Z[n]$ with $P(0)=0$ and $\VE>0$. We show, using Fourier analytic techniques, that if $N\geq \exp\exp(C\VE^{-1}\log\VE^{-1})$ and $A\subseteq\{1,\...,N\}$, then there must exist $n\in\N$ such that \[\frac{|A\cap (A+P(n))|}{N}>(\frac{|A|}{N})^2-\VE.\] In addition to this we also show, using the same Fourier analytic methods, that if $A\subseteq\N$, then the set of \emph{$\VE$-optimal return times} \[R(A,P,\VE)=\{n\in \N \,:\,\D(A\cap(A+P(n)))>\D(A)^2-\VE\}\] is syndetic for every $\VE>0$. Moreover, we show that $R(A,P,\VE)$ is \emph{dense} in every sufficiently long interval, in the sense that there exists an $L=L(\VE,P,A)$ such that \[|R(A,P,\VE)\cap I| \geq c(\VE,P)|I|\] for all intervals $I$ of natural numbers with $|I|\geq L$ and $c(\VE,P)=\exp\exp(-C\,\VE^{-1}\log\VE^{-1})$.
description: Short remark added and typos fixed
Cosmic evolution of the CIV in high-resolution hydrodynamic simulations
Creators: name: Tescari, E.
name: Viel, M.
name: D'Odorico, V.
name: Cristiani, S.
name: Calura, F.
name: Borgani, S.
name: Tornatore, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the properties of triply ionized Carbon (CIV) in the Intergalactic Medium using a set of high-resolution and large box-size cosmological hydrodynamic simulations of a $Λ$CDM model. We rely on a modification of the GADGET-2 code that self-consistently follows the metal enrichment mechanism by means of a detailed chemical evolution model. We focus on several numerical implementations of galactic feedback: galactic winds in the energy driven and momentum driven prescriptions and Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) powered by gas accretion onto massive black holes. We extract mock IGM transmission spectra in neutral hydrogen (HI) and CIV and perform Voigt profile fitting. The results are then compared with high-resolution quasar (QSO) spectra obtained with the UVES spectrograph at the VLT and the HIRES spectrograph at Keck. We find that feedback has little impact on statistics related to the neutral hydrogen, while CIV is more affected by galactic winds and/or AGN feedback. When the same analysis is performed over observed and simulated CIV lines, we find reasonables good agreement between data and simulations over the column density range $N_{\rm CIV}=10^{12.5-15}$ cm$^{-2}$. Also the CIV line-widths distribution appears to be in agreement with the observed values, while the HI Doppler parameters, $b_{\rm HI}$, are in general too large showing that the diffuse cosmic web is heated more than what is inferred by observations. The simulation without feedback fails in reproducing the CIV systems at high column densities at all redshift, while the AGN feedback case agrees with observations only at $z<3$, when this form of feedback is particularly effective. We also present scatter plots in the $b-N$ and in the $N_{\rm CIV}-N_{\rm HI}$ planes, showing that there is rough agreement between observations and simulations only when feedback is taken into account.
description: 22 pages, 20 figures, minor revisions, accepted for publication in MNRAS
title: Diet changes alter paternally inherited epigenetic pattern in male Wild guinea pigs
Creators: name: Weyrich, Alexandra
name: Jeschek, Marie
name: Schrapers, Katharina T.
name: Lenz, Dorina
name: Chung, Tzu Hung
name: Ruebensam, Kathrin
name: Yasar, Sermin
name: Schneemann, Markus
name: Ortmann, Sylvia
name: Jewgenow, Katarina
name: Fickel, Jörns
Publisher: name: Universität Potsdam
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie
subject: 610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Epigenetic modifications, of which DNA methylation is the most stable, are a mechanism conveying environmental information to subsequent generations via parental germ lines. The paternal contribution to adaptive processes in the offspring might be crucial, but has been widely neglected in comparison to the maternal one. To address the paternal impact on the offspring's adaptability to changes in diet composition, we investigated if low protein diet (LPD) in F0 males caused epigenetic alterations in their subsequently sired sons. We therefore fed F0 male Wild guinea pigs with a diet lowered in protein content (LPD) and investigated DNA methylation in sons sired before and after their father's LPD treatment in both, liver and testis tissues. Our results point to a 'heritable epigenetic response' of the sons to the fathers' dietary change. Because we detected methylation changes also in the testis tissue, they are likely to be transmitted to the F2 generation. Gene-network analyses of differentially methylated genes in liver identified main metabolic pathways indicating a metabolic reprogramming ('metabolic shift'). Epigenetic mechanisms, allowing an immediate and inherited adaptation may thus be important for the survival of species in the context of a persistently changing environment, such as climate change.
description: Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe; 1065
Salmonella Typhimurium based genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9 knockout screen to study p16 degradation
Creators: name: Dawo, Sebastian
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2022

description: The state of a cell and cell function is ultimately characterized by the expression of specific proteins. The equilibrium of a “healthy” amount of protein is maintained by the balance between newly generated proteins via translation and the degradation. Proteins half-life in eukaryotic cells can span from minutes to several days and are tightly controlled by the selective degradation of proteins via the ubiquitin-proteasome system. Finding specific genes that are involved in the degradation of a protein of interest harbours many applications for translational medicine, but also enables a better understanding of basic cellular biology. To enable such screens, we have established a FACS-based genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9 knockout screening platform, based on protein delivery via the type three secretion system (T3SS) of an avirulent strain of Salmonella typhimurium. We discovered that the delivered proteins are dynamically degraded following transfer, therefore this protein delivery system offers a suitable and unique approach to study protein degradation. As a proof of concept, we studied the poorly understood degradation of the key tumor suppressor protein p16, which additionally is lysine-free, contradicting a longstanding concept that canonical ubiquitin is conjugated to a lysine residue. The screen yielded several promising candidate genes including genes of the Torsin family, the Sec62/63 complex, and COPS6. Validation of the candidate genes uncovered THAP1 as a potential general regulator of protein degradation. We anticipate this method will offer novel mechanistic insights into the degradation of intracellularly delivered proteins and might uncover new pathways of protein homeostasis.
title: Bread enriched with legume microgreens and leaves
title: ontogenetic and baking-driven changes in the profile of secondary plant metabolites
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Klopsch, Rebecca
name: Baldermann, Susanne
name: Voss, Alexander
name: Rohn, Sascha
name: Schreiner, Monika
name: Neugart, Susanne
Publisher: name: Universität Potsdam
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften

description: Flavonoids, carotenoids, and chlorophylls were characterized in microgreens and leaves of pea (Pisum sativum) and lupin (Lupinus angustifolius) as these metabolites change during ontogeny. All metabolites were higher in the leaves for both species. Acylated quercetin and kaempferol sophorotrioses were predominant in pea. Genistein and malonylated chrysoeriol were predominant in lupin. Further, the impact of breadmaking on these metabolites using pea and lupin material of two ontogenetic stages as an added ingredient in wheat-based bread was assessed. In "pea microgreen bread" no decrease of quercetin was found with regard to the non-processed plant material. However kaempferol glycosides showed slight decreases induced by the breadmaking process in "pea microgreen bread" and "pea leaf bread." In "lupin microgreen bread" no decrease of genistein compared to the non-processed plant material was found. Chrysoeriol glycosides showed slight decreases induced by the breadmaking process in "lupin microgreen bread" and "lupin leaf bread." In all breads, carotenoids and chlorophylls were depleted however pheophytin formation was caused. Thus, pea and lupin microgreens and leaves are suitable, natural ingredients for enhancing health-promoting secondary plant metabolites in bread and may even be used to tailor bread for specific consumer health needs.
description: Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe; 1064
Impact of Dark Matter Microhalos on Signatures for Direct and Indirect Detection
Creators: name: Schneider, Aurel
name: Krauss, Lawrence M.
name: Moore, Ben
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Detecting dark matter as it streams through detectors on Earth relies on knowledge of its phase space density on a scale comparable to the size of our solar system. Numerical simulations predict that our Galactic halo contains an enormous hierarchy of substructures, streams and caustics, the remnants of the merging hierarchy that began with tiny Earth mass microhalos. If these bound or coherent structures persist until the present time, they could dramatically alter signatures for the detection of weakly interacting elementary particle dark matter (WIMP). Using numerical simulations that follow the coarse grained tidal disruption within the Galactic potential and fine grained heating from stellar encounters, we find that microhalos, streams and caustics have a negligible likelihood of impacting direct detection signatures implying that dark matter constraints derived using simple smooth halo models are relatively robust. We also find that many dense central cusps survive, yielding a small enhancement in the signal for indirect detection experiments.
description: 6 pages, revision in response to referees report. Now accepted by Phys. Rev D., in press
title: Infants’ gaze patterns for same-race and other-race faces, and the other-race effect
Creators: name: Krasotkina, Anna
name: Götz, Antonia
name: Höhle, Barbara
name: Schwarzer, Gudrun
Publisher: name: Universität Potsdam
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: The other-race effect (ORE) can be described as difficulties in discriminating between faces of ethnicities other than one’s own, and can already be observed at approximately 9 months of age. Recent studies also showed that infants visually explore same-and other-race faces differently. However, it is still unclear whether infants’ looking behavior for same- and other-race faces is related to their face discrimination abilities. To investigate this question we conducted a habituation–dishabituation experiment to examine Caucasian 9-month-old infants’ gaze behavior, and their discrimination of same- and other-race faces, using eye-tracking measurements. We found that infants looked longer at the eyes of same-race faces over the course of habituation, as compared to other-race faces. After habituation, infants demonstrated a clear other-race effect by successfully discriminating between same-race faces, but not other-race faces. Importantly, the infants’ ability to discriminate between same-race faces significantly correlated with their fixation time towards the eyes of same-race faces during habituation. Thus, our findings suggest that for infants old enough to begin exhibiting the ORE, gaze behavior during habituation is related to their ability to differentiate among same-race faces, compared to other-race faces.
description: Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe; 686
title: All you can feed
title: some comments on production of mouse diets used in biomedical research with special emphasis on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease research
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Weiskirchen, Sabine
name: Weiper, Katharina
name: Tolba, René H.
name: Weiskirchen, Ralf
Publisher: name: Universität Potsdam
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: The laboratory mouse is the most common used mammalian research model in biomedical research. Usually these animals are maintained in germ-free, gnotobiotic, or specific-pathogen-free facilities. In these facilities, skilled staff takes care of the animals and scientists usually don’t pay much attention about the formulation and quality of diets the animals receive during normal breeding and keeping. However, mice have specific nutritional requirements that must be met to guarantee their potential to grow, reproduce and to respond to pathogens or diverse environmental stress situations evoked by handling and experimental interventions. Nowadays, mouse diets for research purposes are commercially manufactured in an industrial process, in which the safety of food products is addressed through the analysis and control of all biological and chemical materials used for the different diet formulations. Similar to human food, mouse diets must be prepared under good sanitary conditions and truthfully labeled to provide information of all ingredients. This is mandatory to guarantee reproducibility of animal studies. In this review, we summarize some information on mice research diets and general aspects of mouse nutrition including nutrient requirements of mice, leading manufacturers of diets, origin of nutrient compounds, and processing of feedstuffs for mice including dietary coloring, autoclaving and irradiation. Furthermore, we provide some critical views on the potential pitfalls that might result from faulty comparisons of grain-based diets with purified diets in the research data production resulting from confounding nutritional factors.
description: Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe; 1066
Ciencia abierta y ciencia ciudadana
Creators: name: Santillán-Aldana, Julio
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Ciencia abierta
subject: Ciencia ciudadana
subject: Open science
subject: Citizen science
subject: http://vocabularies.unesco.org/thesaurus/domain2

description: Ponencia sobre ciencia ciudadana, en el contexto de la ciencia abierta, como movimiento de participación pública en el ámbito académico como en los procesos de investigación científica orientados tanto a la comunidad como a la investigación global. Biblioteca Municipal de Lima. Viernes 15 de octubre de 2021.

description: Biblioteca Municipal de Lima, Gerencia de Cultura de la Municipalidad de Lima.
title: Ð­Ð»ÐµÐºÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ°Ñ ÑÐ°ÑÑÑ ÐÐ­Ð¡ Ñ ÑÐµÐ°ÐºÑÐ¾ÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¸ Ð ÐÐÐ-1000 Ð¼Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¾ÑÑÑÑ 6Ñ 500 ÐÐÑ
title: Ð²ÑÐ¿ÑÑÐºÐ½Ð°Ñ ÐºÐ²Ð°Ð»Ð¸ÑÐ¸ÐºÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ° Ð±Ð°ÐºÐ°Ð»Ð°Ð²ÑÐ°
titleType: Subtitle
title: Electrical part NPP with RBMK-1000 reactors power 6x500 MW
Creators: name: ÐÐ¸ÑÐ°Ð¹Ð»Ð¾Ð²Ð°, ÐÐ¸ÑÐ°
Publisher: name: Ð¡Ð°Ð½ÐºÑ-ÐÐµÑÐµÑÐ±ÑÑÐ³ÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ ÑÐ½Ð¸Ð²ÐµÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑ ÐÐµÑÑÐ° ÐÐµÐ»Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾
Year: 2019
Subjects: ÑÐ»ÐµÐºÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ°Ñ ÑÑÐ°Ð½ÑÐ¸Ñ
ÐÐ­Ð¡
ÑÐ»ÐµÐºÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ°Ñ ÑÐ°ÑÑÑ
power plant
nuclear power plant
electrical part

description: Ð ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐµ Ð²ÑÐ¿Ð¾Ð»Ð½ÐµÐ½Ð¾ Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÐµÐºÑÐ¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ ÑÐ»ÐµÐºÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ð¹ ÑÐ°ÑÑÐ¸ Ð°ÑÐ¾Ð¼Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÐ»ÐµÐºÑÑÐ¾ÑÑÐ°Ð½ÑÐ¸Ð¸. ÐÑÐ±ÑÐ°Ð½Ð° Ð¾Ð¿ÑÐ¸Ð¼Ð°Ð»ÑÐ½Ð°Ñ ÑÑÑÑÐºÑÑÑÐ½Ð°Ñ ÑÑÐµÐ¼Ð° Ð¸ Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð²Ð½Ð¾Ðµ ÑÐ»ÐµÐºÑÑÐ¾Ð¾Ð±Ð¾ÑÑÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ. Ð Ð°ÑÑÑÐ¸ÑÐ°Ð½Ñ ÑÐ¾ÐºÐ¸ ÐºÐ¾ÑÐ¾ÑÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð·Ð°Ð¼ÑÐºÐ°Ð½Ð¸Ñ. ÐÑÐ±ÑÐ°Ð½Ñ ÑÐ»ÐµÐºÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ðµ Ð°Ð¿Ð¿Ð°ÑÐ°ÑÑ Ð¸ Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð¾Ð´Ð½Ð¸ÐºÐ¸. Ð Ð°Ð·ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ°Ð½Ð° Ð³Ð»Ð°Ð²Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑÑÐµÐ¼Ð° ÑÐ»ÐµÐºÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ñ ÑÐ¾ÐµÐ´Ð¸Ð½ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ð¹.
description: The purpose of this project was to design an electrical equipment of a nuclear plant. The work touches upon the schematic diagrams design and the main electrical equipment selection, over current protection calculation, electrical apparatus and wires specification. The author makes an estimation of the High-voltage switchgear to provide the reliability of electric power generation. Finally, the research gives the main electrical connection scheme.
The Bolzano-Weierstrass Theorem is the Jump of Weak König's Lemma
Creators: name: Brattka, Vasco
name: Gherardi, Guido
name: Marcone, Alberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We classify the computational content of the Bolzano-Weierstrass Theorem and variants thereof in the Weihrauch lattice. For this purpose we first introduce the concept of a derivative or jump in this lattice and we show that it has some properties similar to the Turing jump. Using this concept we prove that the derivative of closed choice of a computable metric space is the cluster point problem of that space. By specialization to sequences with a relatively compact range we obtain a characterization of the Bolzano-Weierstrass Theorem as the derivative of compact choice. In particular, this shows that the Bolzano-Weierstrass Theorem on real numbers is the jump of Weak König's Lemma. Likewise, the Bolzano-Weierstrass Theorem on the binary space is the jump of the lesser limited principle of omniscience LLPO and the Bolzano-Weierstrass Theorem on natural numbers can be characterized as the jump of the idempotent closure of LLPO. We also introduce the compositional product of two Weihrauch degrees f and g as the supremum of the composition of any two functions below f and g, respectively. We can express the main result such that the Bolzano-Weierstrass Theorem is the compositional product of Weak König's Lemma and the Monotone Convergence Theorem. We also study the class of weakly limit computable functions, which are functions that can be obtained by composition of weakly computable functions with limit computable functions. We prove that the Bolzano-Weierstrass Theorem on real numbers is complete for this class. Likewise, the unique cluster point problem on real numbers is complete for the class of functions that are limit computable with finitely many mind changes. We also prove that the Bolzano-Weierstrass Theorem on real numbers and, more generally, the unbounded cluster point problem on real numbers is uniformly low limit computable. Finally, we also discuss separation techniques.
description: This version includes an addendum by Andrea Cettolo, Matthias Schr\"oder, and the authors of the original paper. The addendum closes a gap in the proof of Theorem 11.2, which characterizes the computational content of the Bolzano-Weierstra\ss{} Theorem for arbitrary computable metric spaces
Feeding dynamics of the invasive calanoid copepod, Pseudodiaptomus inopinus, in two northeast pacific estuaries
Creators: name: Jacobs, Jade
Publisher: name: Washington State University
Year: 2023
Subjects: Aquatic Ecology
Copepod
Estuaries
Invasive Species

description: The Asian calanoid copepod Pseudodiaptomus inopinus was first observed in the Columbia River Estuary (CRE) in the early 1990s and has since become the dominant copepod taxon in many estuaries along the Pacific coast of the US, but its feeding behavior has not been previously studies. In October of 2019 and 2020, when P. inopinus was at peak abundance, we conducted incubation experiments with this species feeding on natural microplankton prey assemblages sampled from two estuaries where it has become established: the Chehalis River estuary, Washington, USA, and the Yaquina River estuary, Oregon, USA. In the Chehalis estuary, the prey assemblage was dominated by diatoms, especially Chaetoceros sp. 11-15 µm in size, and in the Yaquina estuary diatoms were most abundant and dominated by Cyclotella sp. 21-25 µm in size. Diatom and ciliate biomass were highest in both estuaries, with all prey cells in the Yaquina estuary typically larger in size than in the Chehalis estuary. P. inopinus fed omnivorously on microplankton prey, including diatoms and ciliates in both estuaries, with a preference for prey larger than 20 µm, and showed occasional avoidance of cyanobacteria and cells smaller than 10 µm. Our results, in comparison to previous studies of the prey assemblage available in the CRE, suggest that the feeding behaviors of P. inopinus may have contributed to its disappearance from the CRE, and more broadly provide a more complete picture of the trophic role of this highly invasive copepod species.
Power density spectrum of nonstationary short-lived light curves
Creators: name: Guidorzi, Cristiano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The power density spectrum of a light curve is often calculated as the average of a number of spectra derived on individual time intervals the light curve is divided into. This procedure implicitly assumes that each time interval is a different sample function of the same stochastic ergodic process. While this assumption can be applied to many astrophysical sources, there remains a class of transient, highly nonstationary and short-lived events, such as gamma-ray bursts, for which this approach is often inadequate. The power spectrum statistics of a constant signal affected by statistical (Poisson) noise is known to be a chi2(2) in the Leahy normalisation. However, this is no more the case when a nonstationary signal is also present. As a consequence, the uncertainties on the power spectrum cannot be calculated based on the chi2(2) properties, as assumed by tools such as XRONOS powspec. We generalise the result in the case of a nonstationary signal affected by uncorrelated white noise and show that the new distribution is a non-central chi2(2,lambda), whose non-central value lambda is the power spectrum of the deterministic function describing the nonstationary signal. Finally, we test these results in the case of synthetic curves of gamma-ray bursts. We end up with a new formula for calculating the power spectrum uncertainties. This is crucial in the case of nonstationary short-lived processes affected by uncorrelated statistical noise, for which ensemble averaging does not make any physical sense.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures, accepted to MNRAS
Expansion Planning of Low-Voltage Grids Using Ant Colony Optimization
Creators: name: Gebhard, Lukas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Energy Transition
Computer Science
Automated Planning
Power Systems
Distribution Grid
Network Expansion
Grid Reinforcement
Swarm Intelligence

description: The decarbonization of the energy sector necessitates a large-scale expansion of low-voltage (LV) grids. Yet, such expansion is expensive and increasingly difficult to plan, particularly in face of the rising number of distributed energy generation facilities and the electrification of the transportation sector. To assist utilities in the planning of electricity grids, scholars have proposed a variety of tools that automatically search for optimal grid expansion strategies. Tools that implement ant colony optimization (ACO), a heuristic framework for the solution of combinatorial optimization problems, rank among the best. Nevertheless, only few researchers have studied the application of ACO to LV grid expansion planning; and existing research neglects the cost savings potential of combining conventional power line expansion with a reconfiguration of power switches. To fill this gap, I present AntPower, a tool that searches for a minimum cost strategy to expand a given LV grid, subject to topological and electrical requirements that are common in Europe. Unlike existing tools, AntPower integrates the installation, reinforcement, and dismantling of power lines with an optimization of power switch settings. For evaluation, I consider the case of expanding a heavily overloaded grid that powers an 800-inhabitant village in rural Germany. The expansion plan generated by AntPower is by 60% cheaper than an expansion plan obtained through conventional, manual planning based on expert knowledge, and is by 64% cheaper than the expansion plan generated using a local search algorithm. Finally, a sensitivity analysis indicates that AntPower is robust against changes in most of its parameters; and for the sensitive parameters, good default values exist.
description: Master's Thesis
Invariant semidefinite programs
Creators: name: Bachoc, Christine
name: Gijswijt, Dion C.
name: Schrijver, Alexander
name: Vallentin, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In the last years many results in the area of semidefinite programming were obtained for invariant (finite dimensional, or infinite dimensional) semidefinite programs - SDPs which have symmetry. This was done for a variety of problems and applications. The purpose of this handbook chapter is to give the reader the necessary background for dealing with semidefinite programs which have symmetry. Here the basic theory is given and it is illustrated in applications from coding theory, combinatorics, geometry, and polynomial optimization.
description: 51 pages, this article was written for the "Handbook of Semidefinite, Cone and Polynomial Optimization: Theory, Algorithms, Software and Applications", (v2) revision based on suggestions by referee
Additional file 3 of Study on the differences of gene expression between pear and apple wild cultivation materials based on RNA-seq technique
Creators: name: Zhang, Huangwei
name: Li, Meng
name: Kong, Min
name: Dunwell, Jim M.
name: Zhang, Yuyan
name: Yue, Chao
name: Wu, Juyou
name: Zhang, Shaoling
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 3.
Boosting understanding of lifestyle carbon emissions : evaluating the effectiveness of carbon calculators and carbon labels to promote climate action
Creators: name: Hanson-Wright, Brynley
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2022

description: Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions associated with products and actions are challenging for people to conceptualize, making personal carbon calculators and carbon labels promising options to aid climate-friendly decision-making. My first study used a pre-registered between-subjects experiment (N = 790) to evaluate the efficacy of a carbon calculator for promoting climate action. Behavioural intentions for 2023 and reported behaviours in 2019 were used to quantify a projected change in carbon footprint—including domains of food, transportation, housing, and material purchases—and I compared how this intended shift in emissions differed between groups. Those provided with feedback about their carbon footprint planned to decrease their personal emissions in the future by 13.02% (M = -1.42 tonnes CO2e) while the control group did not (M = 0.05 tonnes CO2e) and this difference was significant (t(788) = 4.03, p < .001, d = 0.29). Additional exploratory measures indicated no effect of carbon calculators on civic intentions, eco-guilt, or donations to carbon offsets. The second pre-registered study (N = 599) investigated the effect of food carbon labels on behavioural intentions and GHG knowledge using an online between subjects design. Labels significantly reduced the emissions of hypothetical food choices when compared to both a control and climate-framing group (d > .33, p<.01). Labels also led to significantly more accurate estimates of the GHG emissions in the menu items relative to the control group (d = .3158, p =.006) and mediation analysis revealed that knowledge explained 20% of the labels’ effect on food emissions. Though information provision alone is insufficient to address the climate crisis, my findings indicate that boosting knowledge about greenhouse gas emissions via carbon calculators and carbon labels can help individuals make pro-climate choices in their daily lives.
Detector configuration of DECIGO/BBO and identification of cosmological neutron-star binaries
Creators: name: Yagi, Kent
name: Seto, Naoki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The primary target for the planned space-borne gravitational wave interferometers DECIGO/BBO is a primordial gravitational wave background (PGWB). However there exist astrophysical foregrounds and among them, gravitational waves from neutron star (NS) binaries are the solid and strong component that must be identified and subtracted. In this paper, we discuss the geometry of detector configurations preferable for identifying the NS/NS binary signals. As a first step, we analytically estimate the minimum signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) of the binaries for several static detector configurations that are characterized by adjustable geometrical parameters, and determine the optimal values for these parameters. Next we perform numerical simulations to take into account the effect of detector motions, and find reasonable agreements with the analytical results. We show that, with the standard network formed by 4 units of triangle detectors, the proposed BBO sensitivity would be sufficient in receiving gravitational waves from all the NS/NS binaries at $z\le 5$ with SNRs higher than 25. We also discuss the minimum sensitivity of DECIGO required for the foreground identification.
description: 20 pages, 14 figures; typos in the noise spectrums for DECIGO and BBO corrected
Mears, S. R. (2022, January 14-15). The New Artisan and Engineering Know-how: a Comparative Narrative Inquiry [Poster presentation]. "Twenty-second International Conference on Knowledge, Culture, and Change in Organizations" Auckland, New Zealand.
Creators: name: Mears, Stephen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 200403 Discourse and Pragmatics
subject: FOS: Languages and literature
subject: 200105 Organisational, Interpersonal and Intercultural Communication
subject: FOS: Media and communications
subject: 130108 Technical, Further and Workplace Education
subject: FOS: Educational sciences
subject: 130199 Education systems not elsewhere classified
subject: 91599 Interdisciplinary Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies

description: https://cgscholar.com/cg_event/events/M22/proposal/59766
The Ising M-p-spin mean-field model for the structural glass: continuous vs. discontinuous transition
Creators: name: Caltagirone, F.
name: Ferrari, U.
name: Leuzzi, L.
name: Parisi, G.
name: Rizzo, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The critical behavior of a family of fully connected mean-field models with quenched disorder, the $M-p$ Ising spin glass, is analyzed, displaying a crossover between a continuous and a random first order phase transition as a control parameter is tuned. Due to its microscopic properties the model is straightforwardly extendable to finite dimensions in any geometry.
description: 10 pages, 1 figure, 1 table
Are Radio AGN Powered by Accretion or Black Hole Spin?
Creators: name: McNamara, B. R.
name: Rohanizadegan, M.
name: Nulsen, P. E. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compare accretion and black hole spin as potential energy sources for outbursts from AGN in brightest cluster galaxies (BCGs). Based on our adopted spin model, we find that the distribution of AGN power estimated from X-ray cavities is consistent with a broad range of both spin parameter and accretion rate. Sufficient quantities of molecular gas are available in most BCGs to power their AGN by accretion alone. However, we find no correlation between AGN power and molecular gas mass over the range of jet power considered here. For a given AGN power, the BCG's gas mass and accretion efficiency, defined as the fraction of the available cold molecular gas that is required to power the AGN, both vary by more than two orders of magnitude. Most of the molecular gas in BCGs is apparently consumed by star formation or is driven out of the nucleus by the AGN before it reaches the nuclear black hole. Bondi accretion from hot atmospheres is generally unable to fuel powerful AGN, unless their black holes are more massive than their bulge luminosities imply. We identify several powerful AGN that reside in relatively gas-poor galaxies, indicating an unusually efficient mode of accretion, or that their AGN are powered by another mechanism. If these systems are powered primarily by black hole spin, rather than by accretion, spin must also be tapped efficiently in some systems, i.e., $P_{\rm jet} > \dot Mc^2$, or their black hole masses must be substantially larger than the values implied by their bulge luminosities. We constrain the (model dependent) accretion rate at the transition from radiatively inefficient to radiatively efficient accretion flows to be a few percent of the Eddington rate, a value that is consistent with other estimates.
description: Accepted for Publication in ApJ, January 2011, 21 pages, 4 figures; One new data point added to figures; clarifications and minor corrections in response to referee report
Synthesis of 1H-1,2,3-triazole-4-carbonitriles as building blocks for promising 2-(triazol-4-yl)-thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine drug candidates
Creators: name: Sekh, Taras V.
name: Shyyka, Olga Y.
name: Pokhodylo, Nazariy T.
name: Obushak, Mykola D.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: A new synthetic route leading to functionalized 1H-1,2,3-triazole-4-carbonitriles has been developed. A set of 1-aryl-5-methyl-1H-1,2,3-triazole-4-carbonitriles was obtained in high yields from readily available starting 1H-1,2,3-triazole-4-carboxylic acids via several synthetic protocols. Synthesized 1H-1,2,3-triazole-4-carbonitriles were examined as promising precursors in the simple and efficient method for the preparation of the 2-triazol-4-yl-thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidines. Such an approach allows creating broad combinatorial libraries for anticancer drug discovery.
A correlation between central supermassive black holes and the globular cluster systems of early-type galaxies
Creators: name: Burkert, Andreas
name: Tremaine, Scott
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Elliptical, lenticular, and early-type spiral galaxies show a remarkably tight power-law correlation between the mass M_BH of their central supermassive black hole (SMBH) and the number N_GC of globular clusters: M_BH=m*N_GC^(1.08+/-0.04) with m=1.7*10^5 solar masses. Thus, to a good approximation the SMBH mass is the same as the total mass of the globular clusters. Based on a limited sample of 13 galaxies, this relation appears to be a better predictor of SMBH mass (rms scatter 0.2 dex) than the M_BH-sigma relation between SMBH mass and velocity dispersion sigma. The small scatter reflects the fact that galaxies with high globular cluster specific frequency S_N tend to harbor SMBHs that are more massive than expected from the M_BH-sigma relation.
description: 14 pages, 3 figures, to appear in ApJ 720, 516 (2010)
Heavy-quark mass dependence in global PDF analyses and 3- and 4-flavour parton distributions
Creators: name: Martin, A. D.
name: Stirling, W. J.
name: Thorne, R. S.
name: Watt, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the sensitivity of our recent MSTW 2008 NLO and NNLO PDF analyses to the values of the charm- and bottom-quark masses, and we provide additional public PDF sets for a wide range of these heavy-quark masses. We quantify the impact of varying m_c and m_b on the cross sections for W, Z and Higgs production at the Tevatron and the LHC. We generate 3- and 4-flavour versions of the (5-flavour) MSTW 2008 PDFs by evolving the input PDFs and alpha_S determined from fits in the 5-flavour scheme, including the eigenvector PDF sets necessary for calculation of PDF uncertainties. As an example of their use, we study the difference in the Z total cross sections at the Tevatron and LHC in the 4- and 5-flavour schemes. Significant differences are found, illustrating the need to resum large logarithms in Q^2/m_b^2 by using the 5-flavour scheme. The 4-flavour scheme is still necessary, however, if cuts are imposed on associated (massive) b-quarks, as is the case for the experimental measurement of Z b bbar production and similar processes.
description: 40 pages, 11 figures. Grids can be found at http://projects.hepforge.org/mstwpdf/ and in LHAPDF V5.8.4. v2: version published in EPJC
title: ÐÐ¾Ð·Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸ Ð¿Ð¾Ð¸ÑÐºÐ° ÑÐµÐ¼Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¾Ð½Ð° Ð² ÑÐºÑÐ¿ÐµÑÐ¸Ð¼ÐµÐ½ÑÐµ FLAP Ð½Ð° ÑÑÐºÐ¾ÑÐ¸ÑÐµÐ»Ðµ ÐÐÐÐÐ-200 (ÐÐÐ¯Ð, ÐÑÐ±Ð½Ð°)
title: Ð²ÑÐ¿ÑÑÐºÐ½Ð°Ñ ÐºÐ²Ð°Ð»Ð¸ÑÐ¸ÐºÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ° Ð±Ð°ÐºÐ°Ð»Ð°Ð²ÑÐ°
titleType: Subtitle
title: Possibilities of searching for a dark photon in the FLAP experiment at the LINAK-200 accelerator (JINR, Dubna)
Creators: name: ÐÑÐ»Ð°Ð½Ð¾Ð²Ð°, Ð¡Ð¾ÑÑÑ
Publisher: name: Ð¡Ð°Ð½ÐºÑ-ÐÐµÑÐµÑÐ±ÑÑÐ³ÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ ÑÐ½Ð¸Ð²ÐµÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑ ÐÐµÑÑÐ° ÐÐµÐ»Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾
Year: 2021
Subjects: Geant4
FLUKA
ÑÐµÐ¼Ð½ÑÐ¹ ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¾Ð½
X17
dark photon

description: ÐÐ°Ð½Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ° Ð¿Ð¾ÑÐ²ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð° Ð¼Ð¾Ð´ÐµÐ»Ð¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÑÐµÑÑÐ¾Ð² Ð¾Ð±ÑÐ°Ð·Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð³Ð¸Ð¿Ð¾ÑÐµÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾ ÑÐµÐ¼Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¾Ð½Ð° Ð² beam-dump ÑÐºÑÐ¿ÐµÑÐ¸Ð¼ÐµÐ½ÑÐµ, Ð° ÑÐ°ÐºÐ¶Ðµ Ð¼Ð¾Ð´ÐµÐ»Ð¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ ÑÐ¾Ð½Ð¾Ð²ÑÑ ÑÐ¾Ð±ÑÑÐ¸Ð¹ Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð¾Ð¿ÑÐµÐ´ÐµÐ»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¾Ð¿ÑÐ¸Ð¼Ð°Ð»ÑÐ½ÑÑ Ð¿Ð°ÑÐ°Ð¼ÐµÑÑÐ¾Ð² Ð¿ÑÑÐºÐ° ÑÐ»ÐµÐºÑÑÐ¾Ð½Ð¾Ð² Ð¸ Ð¼Ð¸ÑÐµÐ½Ð¸.
description: The work is devoted to simulating dark photon formation processes in beam-dump experiment. Also simulation of background events in order to choose optimal parameters of the electron beam and the dump.
Next-to-Leading Order QCD Predictions for Z,gamma^*+3-Jet Distributions at the Tevatron
Creators: name: Berger, C. F.
name: Bern, Z.
name: Dixon, L. J.
name: Cordero, F. Febres
name: Forde, D.
name: Gleisberg, T.
name: Ita, H.
name: Kosower, D. A.
name: Maitre, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using BlackHat in conjunction with SHERPA, we have computed next-to-leading order QCD predictions for a variety of distributions in Z,gamma*+1,2,3-jet production at the Tevatron, where the Z boson or off-shell photon decays into an electron-positron pair. We find good agreement between the NLO results for jet p_T distributions and measurements by CDF and D0. We also present jet-production ratios, or probabilities of finding one additional jet. As a function of vector-boson p_T, the ratios have distinctive features which we describe in terms of a simple model capturing leading logarithms and phase-space and parton-distribution-function suppression.
description: 50 pages, RevTeX, 17 figures, v2 clarifications including commentary on threshold and other logarithms
Functionally substituted arylhydrazones as building blocks in heterocyclic synthesis: Facile synthesis of pyrazoles, triazoles, triazines and quantum chemical studies
Creators: name: Abdel-Rady, Mohamed
name: Mahross, Mahmoud H.
name: El-Adasy, Abu-Bakr A.
name: Atalla, Ahmed A.
name: Khames, Ahmed A.
name: Hussein, Abdel Haleem M.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: The arylhydrazones were treated with ethyl iodide, ethyl chloroacetate to afford the alkyl derivatives, which cyclized to the pyrazole derivatives, also, arylhydrazones were reacted with ethyl chloroformate to furnish the triazindione derivative. Reactions of arylhydrazones with hydroxylamine hydrochloride afforded the oxime derivative. Treatment of arylhydrazones with binucleophile reagents such as hydrazine hydrate and phenyl hydrazine gives the pyrazole derivatives. Treated of arylidine derivatives with malononitrile and hydrazine hydrate afforded the 4H-pyrane derivatives and pyrazole derivatives. The theoretical calculations optimization and frequency of synthesized compounds by Gaussian 09 with DFT by B3LYP method. The base set 6–31 G (d,p) to obtain descriptors explains the reactivity or stability of the synthesized compounds. It predicts the relation between theoretical descriptors computed which agree with experimental data.
Impact of a global quadratic potential on galactic rotation curves
Creators: name: Mannheim, Philip D.
name: O'Brien, James G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have made a conformal gravity fit to an available sample of 110 spiral galaxies, and report here on the 20 of those galaxies whose rotation curve data points extend the furthest from galactic centers. We identify the impact on the 20 galaxy data set of a universal de Sitter-like potential term $V(r)=-κc^2r^2/2$ that is induced by inhomogeneities in the cosmic background. This quadratic term accompanies a universal linear potential term $V(r)=γ_0c^2r/2$ that is associated with the cosmic background itself. We find that when these two potential terms are taken in conjunction with the contribution generated by the local luminous matter within the galaxies, the conformal theory is able to account for the rotation curve systematics that is observed in the entire 110 galaxy sample, without the need for any dark matter whatsoever. With the two universal coefficients being found to be of global magnitude, viz. $κ=9.54\times 10^{-54} {\rm cm}^{-2}$ and $γ_0=3.06\times 10^{-30}{\rm cm}^{-1}$, our study suggests that invoking the presence of dark matter may be nothing more than an attempt to describe global effects in purely local galactic terms. With the quadratic potential term having negative sign, galaxies are only able to support bound orbits up to distances of order $γ_0/κ= 3.21\times 10^{23} {\rm cm}$, with global physics thus imposing a natural limit on the size of galaxies.
description: Revtex4, 11 pages, 20 figures. Some minor changes made. Results not affected