cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
(400670) Euphemia Morton
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
TLR4-mediated induction of TLR2 signaling is critical in the pathogenesis and resolution of otitis media
Creators: name: Hernandez, Michelle
name: Yamasaki, Kenshi
name: Leichtle, Anke
name: Ryan, Allen F.
name: Webster, Nicholas J.
name: Pak, Kwang
name: Cheng, Chun-Fang
name: Wasserman, Stephen I.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Otitis media is the most prevalent childhood disease in developed countries. The involvement of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) in otitis media pathophysiology has been implicated by studies in cell lines and association studies of TLR gene polymorphisms. However, precise functions of TLRs in the etiology of otitis media in vivo have not been examined. We investigated the inflammatory response to nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae using a model of otitis media in wild-type, TLR2−/− and TLR4−/− mice by gene microarray, qPCR, immunohistochemistry, Western blot analysis and histopathology. Toll-like receptor-2−/− and TLR4−/− mice exhibited a more profound, persistent inflammation with impaired bacterial clearance compared to controls. While wild-type mice induced tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF) after non-typeable H. influenzae challenge, TLR2−/− and TLR4−/− mice lack TNF induction in the early phase of otitis media. Moreover, lack of TLR2 resulted in a late increase in IL-10 expression and prolonged failure to clear bacteria. Toll-like receptor-4−/− mice showed impaired early bacterial clearance and loss of TLR2 induction in early otitis media. Our results demonstrate that both TLR2 and TLR4 signalling are critical to the regulation of infection in non-typeable H. influenzae-induced otitis media. Toll-like receptor-4 signalling appears to induce TLR2 expression, and TLR2 activation is critical for bacterial clearance and timely resolution of otitis media.
Intersubband transitions in nonpolar GaN/Al(Ga)N heterostructures in the short and mid-wavelength infrared regions
Creators: name: Lim, C. B.
name: Beeler, M.
name: Ajay, A.
name: Lähnemann, J.
name: Bellet-Amalric, E.
name: Bougerol, C.
name: Monroy, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper assesses nonpolar m- and a-plane GaN/Al(Ga)N multi-quantum-wells grown on bulk GaN for intersubband optoelectronics in the short- and mid-wavelength infrared ranges. The characterization results are compared to those for reference samples grown on the polar c-plane, and are verified by self-consistent Schrödinger-Poisson calculations. The best results in terms of mosaicity, surface roughness, photoluminescence linewidth and intensity, as well as intersubband absorption are obtained from m-plane structures, which display room-temperature intersubband absorption in the range from 1.5 to 2.9 um. Based on these results, a series of m-plane GaN/AlGaN multi-quantum-wells were designed to determine the accessible spectral range in the mid-infrared. These samples exhibit tunable room-temperature intersubband absorption from 4.0 to 5.8 um, the long-wavelength limit being set by the absorption associated with the second order of the Reststrahlen band in the GaN substrates.
MicroRNAs responsive to Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and Porphyromonas gingivalis LPS modulate expression of genes regulating innate immunity in human macrophages
Creators: name: Khan, Asma
name: Nares, Salvador
name: Naqvi, Afsar R
name: Fordham, Jezrom B
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: microRNAs (miRNA) are a class of small noncoding RNAs that regulate post-transcriptional expression of their respective target genes and are responsive to various stimuli, including lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Here we examined the early (4h) miRNA responses of THP1-differentiated macrophages challenged with LPS derived from the periodontal pathogens, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Aa), Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg) or environmentally modified LPS obtained from Pg grown in cigarette smoke extract. Predicted miRNA-gene target interactions for LPS-responsive miR-29b and let-7f were confirmed using dual-luciferase assays and by transfection experiments using miRNA mimics and inhibitors. Convergent and divergent miRNA profiles were observed in treated samples where differences in miRNA levels related to the type, concentration and incubation times of LPS challenge. Dual-luciferase experiments revealed miR-29b targeting of IL-6Rα and IFN-γ inducible protein 30 (IFI30) and let-7f targeting of suppressor of cytokine signaling 4 (SOCS4) and Thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1). Transfection experiments confirmed miR-29b and let-7f modulation of IL-6R and SOCS4 protein expression levels, respectively. Thus, we demonstrate convergent/divergent miRNA responses to wild type and its environmentally-modified LPS and demonstrate miRNA targeting of key genes linked to inflammation and immunity. Our data indicate that these LPS-responsive miRNAs may play a key role in fine-tuning the host response to periodontal pathogens.
(400665) James Lawson
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Response of single leukemic cells to peptidase inhibitor therapy across time and dose using a microfluidic device
Creators: name: Poonnen, Ranjit A.
name: Kovarik, Michelle L.
name: Roy, Pourab
name: Dickinson, Alexandra J.
name: Allbritton, Nancy L.
name: Fine, Jason P.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Microfluidic single-cell assays of peptide degradation were performed at varying inhibitor doses, and the resulting data were analyzed by regression modeling to reveal biological effects.
Testing long-distance modifications of gravity to 100 astronomical units
Creators: name: Buscaino, Brandon
name: DeBra, Daniel
name: Graham, Peter W.
name: Gratta, Giorgio
name: Wiser, Timothy D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There are very few direct experimental tests of the inverse square law of gravity at distances comparable to the scale of the Solar System and beyond. Here we describe a possible space mission optimized to test the inverse square law at a scale of up to 100 AU. For example, sensitivity to a Yukawa correction with a strength of $10^{-7}$ times gravity and length scale of 100 AU is within reach, improving the current state of the art by over two orders of magnitude. This experiment would extend our understanding of gravity to the largest scale that can be reached with a direct probe using known technology. This would provide a powerful test of long-distance modifications of gravity including many theories motivated by dark matter or dark energy.
description: 14 pages, 7 figures; v3: refined discussion of systematics, corrected a numerical error; matches published version
Agent-based model of angiogenesis simulates capillary sprout initiation in multicellular networks
Creators: name: Chappell, J. C.
name: Cluceru, J. G.
name: Peirce, S. M.
name: Mac Gabhann, F.
name: Bautch, V. L.
name: Walpole, J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: We developed an agent-based model of endothelial sprout initiations based on time-lapse confocal imaging in vitro that outperforms Monte Carlo simulations, suggesting that sprout location and frequency are not purely stochastic behaviors.
Supplementary Materials from Trophic specialization drives morphological evolution in sea snakes
Creators: name: Sherratt, Emma
name: Rasmussen, Arne R.
name: Sanders, Kate L.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Molecular Methods, Tables S1, S2, Figures S1, S2, S3
Gaussian approximation of moments of sums of independent random variables
Creators: name: Lis, Marcin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We continue the research of Latała on improving estimates of $p$-th moments of sums of independent random variables. We generalize some of his results in the case when $2 \leq p \leq 4$ and present a combinatorial approach for even moments.
description: 13 pages
25 Years of Self-Organized Criticality: Concepts and Controversies
Creators: name: Watkins, Nicholas
name: Pruessner, Gunnar
name: Chapman, Sandra
name: Crosby, Norma Bock
name: Jensen, Henrik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Introduced by the late Per Bak and his colleagues, self-organized criticality (SOC) has been one of the most stimulating concepts to come out of statistical mechanics and condensed matter theory in the last few decades, and has played a significant role in the development of complexity science. SOC, and more generally fractals and power laws, have attacted much comment, ranging from the very positive to the polemical. The other papers in this special issue (Aschwanden et al, 2014; McAteer et al, 2014; Sharma et al, 2015) showcase the considerable body of observations in solar, magnetospheric and fusion plasma inspired by the SOC idea, and expose the fertile role the new paradigm has played in approaches to modeling and understanding multiscale plasma instabilities. This very broad impact, and the necessary process of adapting a scientific hypothesis to the conditions of a given physical system, has meant that SOC as studied in these fields has sometimes differed significantly from the definition originally given by its creators. In Bak's own field of theoretical physics there are significant observational and theoretical open questions, even 25 years on (Pruessner, 2012). One aim of the present review is to address the dichotomy between the great reception SOC has received in some areas, and its shortcomings, as they became manifest in the controversies it triggered. Our article tries to clear up what we think are misunderstandings of SOC in fields more remote from its origins in statistical mechanics, condensed matter and dynamical systems by revisiting Bak, Tang and Wiesenfeld's original papers.
description: 52 pages, 3 figures
Materials and Methods, Supplementary Tables and Supplementary Figures from Synchronous diversification of Sulawesi's iconic artiodactyls driven by recent geological events.
Creators: name: Frantz, Laurent A. F.
name: Rudzinski, Anna
name: Abang Mansyursyah Surya Nugraha
name: Allowen Evin
name: Burton, James
name: Ardern Hulme-Beaman
name: Linderholm, Anna
name: Barnett, Ross
name: Vega, Rodrigo
name: Irving-Pease, Evan K.
name: Haile, James
name: Allen, Richard
name: Leus, Kristin
name: Shephard, Jill
name: Hillyer, Mia
name: Gillemot, Sarah
name: Hurk, Jeroen Van Den
name: Ogle, Sharron
name: Atofanei, Cristina
name: Thomas, Mark G.
name: Johansson, Friederike
name: Mustari, Abdul Haris
name: Williams, John
name: Kusdiantoro Mohamad
name: Chandramaya Siska Damayanti
name: Wiryadi, Ita Djuwita
name: Obbles, Dagmar
name: Stephano Mona
name: Hally Day
name: Yasin, Muhammad
name: Meker, Stefan
name: McGuire, Jimmy A.
name: Evans, Ben J.
name: Rintelen, Thomas Von
name: Ho, Simon Y. W.
name: Searle, Jeremy B.
name: Kitchener, Andrew C.
name: Macdonald, Alastair A.
name: Shaw, Darren J.
name: Hall, Robert
name: Galbusera, Peter
name: Larson, Greger
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology

description: The high degree of endemism on Sulawesi has previously been suggested to have vicariant origins, dating back 40 Ma. Recent studies, however, suggest that much of Sulawesi's fauna assembled over the last 15 Myr. Here, we test the hypothesis that more recent uplift of previously submerged portions of land on Sulawesi promoted diversification and that much of its faunal assemblage is much younger than the island itself. To do so, we combined palaeogeographical reconstructions with genetic and morphometric datasets derived from Sulawesi's three largest mammals: the Babirusa, Anoa and Sulawesi warty pig. Our results indicate that although these species most likely colonized the area that is now Sulawesi at different times (14 Ma to 2–3 Ma), they experienced an almost synchronous expansion from the central part of the island. Geological reconstructions indicate that this area was above sea level for most of the last 4 Myr, unlike most parts of the island. We conclude that emergence of land on Sulawesi (approx. 1–2 Myr) may have allowed species to expand synchronously. Altogether, our results indicate that the establishment of the highly endemic faunal assemblage on Sulawesi was driven by geological events over the last few million years.
Analysis of sphingosine kinase activity in single natural killer cells from peripheral blood
Creators: name: Meyer, Megan
name: Pawlak, Erica A.
name: Jaspers, Ilona
name: Dickinson, Alexandra J.
name: Gomez, Shawn
name: Allbritton, Nancy L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Heterogeneity of sphingosine kinase (SK) pathway activity in natural killer (NK) cells may enable cells to respond effectively to a diverse array of pathogens as well as incipient tumor cells.
A finite strain nonlinear human mitral valve model with fluid-structure interaction: NONLINEAR MV MODEL WITH FSI
Creators: name: Griffith, Boyce E.
name: Berry, Colin
name: Qi, Nan
name: Luo, Xiaoyu
name: Gao, Hao
name: Ma, Xingshuang
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: A computational human mitral valve (MV) model under physiological pressure loading is developed using a hybrid finite element immersed boundary method, which incorporates experimentally-based constitutive laws in a three-dimensional fluid-structure interaction framework. A transversely isotropic material constitutive model is used to characterize the mechanical behaviour of the MV tissue based on recent mechanical tests of healthy human mitral leaflets. Our results show good agreement, in terms of the flow rate and the closing and opening configurations, with measurements from in vivo magnetic resonance images. The stresses in the anterior leaflet are found to be higher than those in the posterior leaflet and are concentrated around the annulus trigons and the belly of the leaflet. The results also show that the chordae play an important role in providing a secondary orifice for the flow when the valve opens. Although there are some discrepancies to be overcome in future work, our simulations show that the developed computational model is promising in mimicking the in vivo MV dynamics and providing important information that are not obtainable by in vivo measurements.
PATTERNS OF PERSISTENT GENITAL HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUS INFECTION AMONG WOMEN WORLDWIDE: A LITERATURE REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS
Creators: name: Poole, Charles
name: Razzaghi, Hilda
name: Smith, Jennifer S.
name: Franco, Eduardo L.
name: Backes, Danielle M.
name: Hudgens, Michael G.
name: Rositch, Anne F.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Persistent high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) infection is the strongest risk factor for high-grade cervical precancer. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of HPV persistence patterns worldwide. Medline and ISI Web of Science were searched through January 1, 2010 for articles estimating HPV persistence or duration of detection. Descriptive and meta-regression techniques were used to summarize variability and the influence of study definitions and characteristics on duration and persistence of cervical HPV infections in women. Among 86 studies providing data on over 100,000 women, 73% defined persistence as HPV positivity at a minimum of two time points. Persistence varied notably across studies and was largely mediated by study region and HPV type, with HPV-16, 31, 33 and 52 being most persistent. Weighted median duration of any-HPV detection was 9.8 months. HR-HPV (9.3 months) persisted longer than low-risk HPV (8.4 months), and HPV-16 (12.4 months) persisted longer than HPV-18 (9.8 months). Among populations of HPV positive women with normal cytology, the median duration of any-HPV detection was 11.5 and HR-HPV detection was10.9 months. In conclusion, we estimated that approximately half of HPV infections persist past 6–12 months. Repeat HPV testing at 12 month intervals could identify women at increased risk of high-grade cervical precancer due to persistent HPV infections.
(400666) Martha Fraser
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
WOMEN’S INTENTIONS TO RECEIVE CERVICAL CANCER SCREENING WITH PRIMARY HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUS TESTING
Creators: name: Goel, Vivek
name: Ogilvie, Gina S.
name: Greene, Sandra B.
name: van Niekerk, Dirk J.
name: Rimer, Barbara K.
name: Hobbs, Suzanne
name: Khurshed, Fareeza
name: Franco, Eduardo L.
name: Krajden, Mel
name: Coldman, Andrew J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: We explored the potential impact of HPV testing on women’s intentions to be screened for cervical cancer in a cohort of Canadian women. Participants aged 25-65 from an ongoing trial were sent a questionnaire to assess women’s intentions to be screened for cervical cancer with HPV testing instead of Pap smears and to be screened every 4 years or after 25 years of age. We created scales for attitudes about HPV testing, perceived behavioural control and direct and indirect subjective norms. Demographic data and scales that were significantly different (p<0.1) between women who intended to be screened with HPV and those who did not intend were included in a stepwise logistic regression model. Of the 2016 invitations emailed, 1538 were received, and 981 completed surveys for a response rate of 63% (981/1538). Eighty-four percent of women (826/981) responded that they intended to attend for HPV-based cervical cancer screening, which decreased to 54.2% when the screening interval was extended, and decreased further to 51.4% when screening start was delayed to age 25. Predictors of intentions to undergo screening were attitudes (OR 1.22; 95%CI 1.15, 1.30), indirect subjective norms (OR 1.02; 95%CI 1.01, 1.03) and perceived behavioural control (OR 1.16; 95% CI 1.10; 1.22). Intentions to be screened for cervical cancer with HPV testing decreased substantially when the screening interval was extended and screening started at age 25. Use of primary HPV testing may optimize the screening paradigm, but programs should ensure robust planning and education to mitigate any negative impact on screening attendance rates.
Bivariate Revuz measures and the Feynman-Kac formula on semi-Dirichlet forms
Creators: name: Li, Liping
name: Ying, Jiangang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 31C25, 60J55, 60J60

description: In this paper, we shall first establish the theory of bivariate Revuz correspondence of positive additive functionals under a semi-Dirichlet form, which is associated with a right Markov process $X$ satisfying the sector condition but without duality. We extend most of the classical results about the bivariate Revuz measures under the duality assumptions to the case of semi-Dirichlet forms. As the main results of this paper, we prove that for any exact multiplicative functional $M$ of $X$, the subprocess $X^M$ of $X$ killed by $M$ also satisfies the sector condition and we then characterize the semi-Dirichlet form associated with $X^M$ by using the bivariate Revuz measure, which extends the classical Feynman-Kac formula.
description: 32 pages, to appear in Potential Analysis
Materials and Methods, Supplementary Tables and Supplementary Figures from Synchronous diversification of Sulawesi's iconic artiodactyls driven by recent geological events
Creators: name: Frantz, Laurent A. F.
name: Rudzinski, Anna
name: Abang Mansyursyah Surya Nugraha
name: Allowen Evin
name: Burton, James
name: Ardern Hulme-Beaman
name: Linderholm, Anna
name: Barnett, Ross
name: Vega, Rodrigo
name: Irving-Pease, Evan K.
name: Haile, James
name: Allen, Richard
name: Leus, Kristin
name: Shephard, Jill
name: Hillyer, Mia
name: Gillemot, Sarah
name: Hurk, Jeroen Van Den
name: Ogle, Sharron
name: Atofanei, Cristina
name: Thomas, Mark G.
name: Johansson, Friederike
name: Mustari, Abdul Haris
name: Williams, John
name: Kusdiantoro Mohamad
name: Chandramaya Siska Damayanti
name: Wiryadi, Ita Djuwita
name: Obbles, Dagmar
name: Stephano Mona
name: Hally Day
name: Yasin, Muhammad
name: Meker, Stefan
name: McGuire, Jimmy A.
name: Evans, Ben J.
name: Rintelen, Thomas Von
name: Ho, Simon Y. W.
name: Searle, Jeremy B.
name: Kitchener, Andrew C.
name: Macdonald, Alastair A.
name: Shaw, Darren J.
name: Hall, Robert
name: Galbusera, Peter
name: Larson, Greger
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology

description: The high degree of endemism on Sulawesi has previously been suggested to have vicariant origins, dating back 40 Ma. Recent studies, however, suggest that much of Sulawesi's fauna assembled over the last 15 Myr. Here, we test the hypothesis that more recent uplift of previously submerged portions of land on Sulawesi promoted diversification and that much of its faunal assemblage is much younger than the island itself. To do so, we combined palaeogeographical reconstructions with genetic and morphometric datasets derived from Sulawesi's three largest mammals: the Babirusa, Anoa and Sulawesi warty pig. Our results indicate that although these species most likely colonized the area that is now Sulawesi at different times (14 Ma to 2–3 Ma), they experienced an almost synchronous expansion from the central part of the island. Geological reconstructions indicate that this area was above sea level for most of the last 4 Myr, unlike most parts of the island. We conclude that emergence of land on Sulawesi (approx. 1–2 Myr) may have allowed species to expand synchronously. Altogether, our results indicate that the establishment of the highly endemic faunal assemblage on Sulawesi was driven by geological events over the last few million years.
Examples of interacting particle systems on $\mathbb{Z}$ as Pfaffian point processes: annihilating and coalescing random walks
Creators: name: Garrod, Barnaby
name: Poplavskyi, Mihail
name: Tribe, Roger
name: Zaboronski, Oleg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A class of interacting particle systems on $\mathbb{Z}$, involving instantaneously annihilating or coalescing nearest neighbour random walks, are shown to be Pfaffan point processes for all deterministic initial conditions. As diffusion limits, explicit Pfaffan kernels are derived for a variety of coalescing and annihilating Brownian systems. For Brownian motions on $\mathbb{R}$, depending on the initial conditions, the corresponding kernels are closely related to the bulk and edge scaling limits of the Pfaffan point process for real eigenvalues for the real Ginibre ensemble of random matrices. For Brownian motions on $\mathbb{R}_{+}$ with absorbing or reflected boundary conditions at zero new interesting Pfaffan kernels appear. We illustrate the utility of the Pfaffan structure by determining the extreme statistics of the rightmost particle for the purely annihilating Brownian motions, and also computing the probability of overcrowded regions for all models.
description: 28 pages, 1 figure
Does climate advocacy matter? The importance of competing interest groups for national climate policies
Creators: name: Böhler, Heike
name: Hanegraaff, Marcel
name: Schulze, Kai
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Climate politics and governance across the globe involve an increasing number of interest groups such as from business and civil society. Against this backdrop, it matters a great deal whether interest group mobilization is able to influence climate policy-making. First, there is an increasing number of climate policy supporters like nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) and green businesses lobbying in favour of additional climate policies. Second, there is also strong mobilization of groups from energy-intensive and fossil fuel industries lobbying against potentially costly climate policies. In this paper, we investigate the potential effects of these mobilization patterns. More precisely, we ask whether there is any systematic effect of competing interest group mobilization on national climate policy production. To this end, we harness arguments from literatures on interest group mobilization and climate policy-making. Empirically, we exploit a comprehensive global dataset on the adoption of national climate laws and interest group mobilization (over 4,000 organizations) between 1997 and 2016. The results show that the increasing mobilization of climate policy supporters is positively related to national climate policy production. Climate policy opponents are able to weaken this effect, but are hardly able to block new climate laws. The results add to our understanding of climate politics focusing on the role of business organizations and NGOs. This is highly policy relevant for both analysts and practitioners given that the Paris Agreement relies heavily on national policy efforts. The growing mobilization of climate policy supporters is positively related to the adoption of additional climate laws.The positive effect of climate policy supporters is weakened but rarely blocked by climate policy opponents, such as those from the fossil fuel industry.The effect of lobbying over climate policy needs to be assessed in its competitive context, that is by considering how political support and opposition on climate policy interact. The growing mobilization of climate policy supporters is positively related to the adoption of additional climate laws. The positive effect of climate policy supporters is weakened but rarely blocked by climate policy opponents, such as those from the fossil fuel industry. The effect of lobbying over climate policy needs to be assessed in its competitive context, that is by considering how political support and opposition on climate policy interact.
Identification of potent chromone embedded [1,2,3]-triazoles as novel anti-tubercular agents.
Creators: name: Viswanadh Nalla
name: Shaikh, Aslam
name: Sanket Bapat
name: Vyas, Renu
name: M. Karthikeyan
name: P. Yogeeswari
name: D. Sriram
name: M. Muthukrishnan
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Organic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 30499 Medicinal and Biomolecular Chemistry not elsewhere classified

description: Supplementary data of compounds including characterization, bioactivity and computational studies of compounds
Viscosities of Gluon Dominated QGP Model within Relativistic Non-Abelian Hydrodynamics
Creators: name: Djun, T. P.
name: Soegijono, B.
name: Mart, T.
name: Handoko, L. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on the first principle calculation, a Lagrangian for the system describing quarks, gluons, and their interactions, is constructed. Ascribed to the existence of dissipative behavior as a consequence of strong interaction within quark-gluon plasma (QGP) matter, auxiliary terms describing viscosities are constituted into the Lagrangian. Through a "kind" of phase transition, gluon field is redefined as a scalar field with four-vector velocity inherently attached. Then, the Lagrangian is elaborated further to produce the energy-momentum tensor of dissipative fluid-like system and the equation of motion (EOM). By imposing the law of energy and momentum conservation, the values of shear and bulk viscosities are analytically calculated. Our result shows that, at the energy level close to hadronization, the bulk viscosity is bigger than shear viscosity. By making use of the conjectured values $η/ s \sim 1 / 4π$ and $ζ/ s \sim 1$, the ratio of bulk to shear viscosity is found to be $ζ/ η> 4 π$.
description: 12 pages, 2 figures
(400667) John Lothian
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
On the Analysis of Correlation Between Nominal Data and Numerical Data
Creators: name: Gniazdowski, Zenon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The article investigates the possibility of measuring the strength of a linear correlation relationship between nominal data and numerical data. Correlation coefficients for variables coded with real numbers as well as for variables coded with complex numbers were studied. For variables coded with real numbers, unambiguous measures of real linear correlation were obtained. In the case of complex coding, it has been observed that the obtained complex correlation coefficients change with the permutation of the phases in the complex numbers used to code classes of elements with equal cardinalities. It was found that a necessary condition for linear correlation is the possibility of linear ordering of a set with data. Since linear order is not possible in the set of complex numbers, complex correlation coefficients cannot be used as a measure of linear correlation. In the event of such a situation, a substitute action was suggested that would prevent equal cardinality of classes of identical elements contained in the set with nominal data. This action would consist in the correction of data, analogous to the correction during preprocessing or cleaning of data containing missing or outlier values.
description: 26 pages, 5 figures, 14 tables
Majorana neutrino decay in an Effective Approach
Creators: name: Duarte, Lucia
name: Peressutti, Javier
name: Sampayo, O. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The search strategy or the finding of new effects for heavy neutrinos often relies on their different decay channels to detectable particles. In particular in this work we study the decay of a Majorana neutrino with interactions obtained from an effective general theory modeling new physics at the scale $Λ$. The results obtained are general because they are based in an effective theory and not in specific models. We are interested in relatively light heavy Majorana neutrinos, with masses lower than the $W$ mass ($m_N
description: 15 page, 5 figures
Body mass index at early adulthood, subsequent weight change and cancer incidence and mortality: Body mass index, weight change and cancer risk
Creators: name: Platz, Elizabeth A.
name: Prizment, Anna E.
name: Joshu, Corinne E.
name: Stevens, June
name: Han, Xuesong
name: Kucharska-Newton, Anna
name: Truesdale, Kimberly P.
name: Bradshaw, Patrick T.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Obesity later in adulthood is associated with increased risks of many cancers. However, the effect of body fatness in early adulthood, and change in weight from early to later adulthood on cancer risk later in life is less clear. We used data from 13,901 people aged 45-64 in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities cohort who at baseline (1987-1989) self-reported their weight at the age of 25 and had weight and height measured. Incident cancers were identified through 2006 and cancer deaths were ascertained through 2009. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard models were used to relate body mass index (BMI) at age 25 and percent weight change from age 25 to baseline to cancer incidence and mortality. After adjusting for weight change from age 25 until baseline, a 5 kg/m2 increment in BMI at age 25 was associated with a greater risk of incidence of all cancers in women [hazard ratio (95% confidence interval): 1.10 (1.02-1.20)], but not in men. Associations with incident endometrial cancer were strong [1.83 (1.47-2.26)]. After adjusting for BMI at age 25, a 5% increment in weight from age 25 to baseline was associated with a greater risk of incident post-menopausal breast cancer [1.05 (1.02-1.07)] and endometrial cancer [1.09 (1.04-1.14)] in women and incident colorectal cancer [1.05 (1.00-1.10)] in men. Excess weight during young adulthood and weight gain from young to older adulthood may be independently associated with subsequent cancer risk. Excess weight and weight gain in early adulthood should be avoided.
Identifying f-electron symmetries of UTe2 with O-edge resonant inelastic X-ray scattering
Creators: name: Liu, Shouzheng
name: Xu, Yishuai
name: Kotta, Erica C.
name: Miao, Lin
name: Ran, Sheng
name: Paglione, Johnpierre
name: Butch, Nicholas P.
name: Denlinger, Jonathan D.
name: Chuang, Yi-De
name: Wray, L. Andrew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recent discovery of spin-triplet superconductivity emerging from a non-magnetic parent state in UTe$_2$ has stimulated great interest in the underlying mechanism of Cooper pairing. Experimental characterization of short-range electronic and magnetic correlations is vital to understanding these phenomena. Here we use resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (RIXS), X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), and atomic multiplet-based modeling to shed light on the active debate between 5$f^2$6$d^1$-based models with singlet crystal field states versus 5$f^3$-based models that predict atomic Kramers doublets and much greater 5$f$ itinerancy. The XAS and RIXS data are found to agree strongly with predictions for an 5$f^2$6$d^1$-like valence electron configuration with weak intra-dimer magnetic correlations, and provide new context for interpreting recent investigations of the electronic structure and superconducting pairing mechanism.
Genetic and epigenetic changes in fibrosis-associated hepatocarcinogenesis in mice: Genetic and epigenetic changes in mouse hepatocarcinogenesis
Creators: name: Chappell, Grace
name: Hong, Hue-Hua
name: Hoenerhoff, Mark
name: Uehara, Takeki
name: Pogribny, Igor P.
name: Beland, Frederick A.
name: Tryndyak, Volodymyr
name: Rusyn, Ivan
name: Kutanzi, Kristy
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most prevalent cancers and is rising in incidence worldwide. The molecular mechanisms leading to the development of HCC are complex and include both genetic and epigenetic events. To determine the relative contribution of these alterations in liver tumorigenesis, we evaluated epigenetic modifications at both global and gene specific levels, as well as the mutational profile of genes commonly altered in liver tumors. A mouse model of fibrosis-associated liver cancer that was designed to emulate cirrhotic liver, a prevailing disease state observed in most humans with HCC, was used. Tumor and non-tumor liver samples from B6C3F1 mice treated with N-nitrosodiethylamine (DEN; a single ip injection of 1 mg/kg at 14 days of age) and carbon tetrachloride (CCl4; 0.2 ml/kg, 2 times/week ip starting at 8 weeks of age for 14 weeks), as well as corresponding vehicle control animals, were analyzed for genetic and epigenetic alterations. H-ras, Ctnnb1, and Hnf1α genes were not mutated in tumors in mice treated with DEN+CCl4. In contrast, the increased tumor incidence in mice treated with DEN+CCl4 was associated with marked epigenetic changes in liver tumors and non-tumor liver tissue, including demethylation of genomic DNA and repetitive elements, a decrease in histone 3 lysine 9 trimethylation (H3K9me3), and promoter hypermethylation and functional down-regulation of Riz1, a histone lysine methyltransferase tumor suppressor gene. Additionally, the reduction in H3K9me3 was accompanied by increased expression of long interspersed nucleotide elements (LINE) 1 and short interspersed nucleotide elements (SINE) B2, which is an indication of genomic instability. In summary, our results suggest that epigenetic events, rather than mutations in known cancer-related genes, play a prominent role in increased incidence of liver tumors in this mouse model of fibrosis-associated liver cancer.
Identification of potent chromone embedded [1,2,3]-triazoles as novel antitubercular agents
Creators: name: Viswanadh Nalla
name: Shaikh, Aslam
name: Sanket Bapat
name: Vyas, Renu
name: M. Karthikeyan
name: P. Yogeeswari
name: D. Sriram
name: M. Muthukrishnan
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Organic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 30499 Medicinal and Biomolecular Chemistry not elsewhere classified

description: Supplementary data of compounds including characterization, bioactivity and computational studies of compounds
(400663) Jean Govan
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Folate intake and the risk of oral cavity and pharyngeal cancer: A pooled analysis within the International Head and Neck Cancer Epidemiology Consortium: Folate Intake and the Risk of OPC
Creators: name: Bosetti, Cristina
name: McClean, Michael
name: Jayaprakash, Vijayvel
name: Kelsey, Karl
name: Galeone, Carlotta
name: Zhang, Zuo-Feng
name: Lee, Yuan-Chin Amy
name: Boffetta, Paolo
name: Winn, Deborah M.
name: Schantz, Stimson
name: Moysich, Kirsten
name: Matsuo, Keitaro
name: Boccia, Stefania
name: Hashibe, Mia
name: Parpinel, Maria
name: La Vecchia, Carlo
name: Edefonti, Valeria
name: Olshan, Andrew F.
name: Yu, Guo-Pei
name: Morgenstern, Hal
name: Talamini, Renato
name: Levi, Fabio
name: Zevallos, Jose P.
name: Leoncini, Emanuele
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: There are suggestions of an inverse association between folate intake and serum folate levels and the risk of oral cavity and pharyngeal cancers (OPC), but most studies are limited in sample size, with only few reporting information on the source of dietary folate. This study aims to investigate the association between folate intake and the risk of OPC within the International Head and Neck Cancer Epidemiology (INHANCE) Consortium.
Electronic supplementary materials from Axon growth regulation by a bistable molecular switch.
Creators: name: Pranesh Padmanabhan
name: Goodhill, Geoffrey J.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: 60102 Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 10202 Biological Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Electronic supplementary materials
Improving Interpretability via Explicit Word Interaction Graph Layer
Creators: name: Sekhon, Arshdeep
name: Chen, Hanjie
name: Shrivastava, Aman
name: Wang, Zhe
name: Ji, Yangfeng
name: Qi, Yanjun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recent NLP literature has seen growing interest in improving model interpretability. Along this direction, we propose a trainable neural network layer that learns a global interaction graph between words and then selects more informative words using the learned word interactions. Our layer, we call WIGRAPH, can plug into any neural network-based NLP text classifiers right after its word embedding layer. Across multiple SOTA NLP models and various NLP datasets, we demonstrate that adding the WIGRAPH layer substantially improves NLP models' interpretability and enhances models' prediction performance at the same time.
description: 15 pages, AAAI 2023
Electronic supplementary materials from Axon growth regulation by a bistable molecular switch
Creators: name: Pranesh Padmanabhan
name: Goodhill, Geoffrey J.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: 60102 Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 10202 Biological Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Electronic supplementary materials
Inherited variation at MC1R and ASIP and association with melanoma-specific survival
Creators: name: Cust, Anne E.
name: Orlow, Irene
name: Reiner, Anne S.
name: Zanetti, Roberto
name: Begg, Colin B.
name: Dwyer, Terence
name: From, Lynn
name: Taylor, Nicholas J.
name: Busam, Klaus J.
name: Rebbeck, Timothy R.
name: Berwick, Marianne
name: Thomas, Nancy E.
name: Gallagher, Richard P.
name: Rosso, Stefano
name: Gruber, Stephen B.
name: White, Kirsten A.
name: Kanetsky, Peter A.
name: Anton-Culver, Hoda
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: MC1R is a marker of melanoma risk in populations of European ancestry. However, MC1R effects on survival are much less studied. We investigated associations between variation at MC1R and survival in an international, population-based series of single primary melanoma patients enrolled into the GEM study. MC1R genotype data was available for 2,200 participants with a first incident primary melanoma diagnosis. We estimated the association of MC1R genotypes with melanoma-specific survival (i.e. death due to melanoma) and overall survival using Cox proportional hazards modeling, adjusting for established prognostic factors for melanoma. We also conducted stratified analyses by Breslow thickness, tumor site, phenotypic index and age. Additionally, we evaluated haplotypes involving polymorphisms near the ASIP locus for their impacts on survival. Melanoma-specific survival was inversely associated with carriage of MC1R variants in the absence of consensus alleles compared to carriage of at least one consensus allele (HR=0.60; 95%CI: 0.40, 0.90). MC1R results for overall survival were consistent with no association. We did not observe any statistical evidence of heterogeneity of effect estimates in stratified analyses. We observed increased hazard of melanoma-specific death among carriers of the risk haplotype TG near the ASIP locus (HR=1.37; 95%CI: 0.91, 2.04) when compared to carriers of the most common GG haplotype. Similar results were noted for overall survival. Upon examining the ASIP TG/TG diplotype, we observed considerably increased hazard of melanoma-specific death (HR=5.11; 95%CI: 1.88, 13.88) compared to carriers of the most common GG/GG diplotype. Our data suggest improved melanoma-specific survival among carriers of two inherited MC1R variants.