cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
LACTOFERRIN ADSORBED ONTO BIOMIMETIC HYDROXYAPATITE: A MULTIFUNCTIONAL ANTIMICROBIAL MOLECULE
Creators: name: Fulgione, Andrea
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2015

description: Lactoferrin (LF), is an iron-binding protein, belonging to transferrin family. It is found in the mucosal secretions (tears, saliva, milk, and colostrums) of the majority of mammalian species, including humans. LF is a multitask molecule: it partecipates to iron absorption and distribution, but also displays anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticarcinogenic, and antimicrobial properties.
Hydroxyapatite (HA) plays an important role in the formation of the bony skeleton and bone remodeling. Alteration of HA metabolism can cause serious clinical consequences, such as arterial calcification, chronic kidney disease or osteoporosis.
HA is also used in numerous bioengineering and biomedical applications - due to its bioactivity and osteoconductivity – and also as vehicle for drug targeting, bone scaffolds and implant coating materials, filler in polymeric matrices.
In this project, the biological properties (such as antimicrobial, immunomodulatory and antioxidant activities) of lactoferrin adsorbed onto biomimetic hydroxyapatatite nanocrystals (LF-HA) were evaluated. After the biological characterization, the complex was embedded in an active packaging system (on a cling film) - by electrodeposition - to estimate the antioxidant property of this active packaging system.
Packaging protects food from external pathogen contamination and environmental factors (oxygen, moisture and heat), providing longer product shelf life and avoiding the quality decay. Shelf life prolongation is possible by controlling enzymatic and microbial activities through the control of temperature, addition of salt, or by removing oxygen. In recent years, foods preserved with natural additives have become very popular due to the great consumer awareness and concern regarding synthetic chemical additives.
The tests carried out showed the antimicrobial and antioxidant efficacy of LF-HA versus the lactoferrin alone, when tested at the same concentrations, and the effectiveness of this molecule embedded in a food packaging system.
The results obtained permit to conclude that the chemical manipulation of the lactoferrin  significantly improved the antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of the native molecule. The main characteristics of the food packaging system obtained by electrodeposition of LF-HA on  cling film are: uniform coating with LF-HA obtained throughout a new method of electrodeposition; long lasting stability, when stored for six months or longer at room temperature before being used to protect the food; stable to deep freezing, for six months or more.
Monopolar and dipolar relaxation in spin ice Ho$_2$Ti$_2$O$_7$
Creators: name: Wang, Yishu
name: Reeder, T.
name: Karaki, Y.
name: Kindervater, J.
name: Halloran, T.
name: Maliszewskyj, N.
name: Qiu, Yiming
name: Rodriguez, J. A.
name: Gladchenko, S.
name: Koohpayeh, S. M.
name: Nakatsuji, S.
name: Broholm, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When degenerate states are separated by large energy barriers, the approach to thermal equilibrium can be slow enough that physical properties are defined by the thermalization process rather than the equilibrium. The exploration of thermalization pushes experimental boundaries and provides refreshing insights into atomic scale correlations and processes that impact steady state dynamics and prospects for realizing solid state quantum entanglement. We present a comprehensive study of magnetic relaxation in Ho$_2$Ti$_2$O$_7$ based on frequency-dependent susceptibility measurements and neutron diffraction studies of the real-time atomic-scale response to field quenches. Covering nearly ten decades in time scales, these experiments uncover two distinct relaxation processes that dominate in different temperature regimes. At low temperatures (0.6K
From graphene to graphene-based gas sensors operating in environmental conditions
Creators: name: Ricciardella, Filiberto
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2015

description: The thesis work is focused on two major items: 1. growth and characterization of graphene films; 2. test of the material sensing properties towards analytes by employing graphene-based chemi-resistors as transducers.
The mostly exploited techniques for the graphene production are Liquid Phase Exfoliation (LPE) and Chemical Vapor Deposition. The material characterizations performed through Raman spectroscopy, Atomic Force Microscopy and Transmission Electron Microscopy are presented. The experimental results allow to argue the morphological and structural nature of such prepared materials. The issue regarding the GR defects is also addressed with the purpose to better understand the strong sensitive of material in the sensing field.
The sensors, operating at room temperature and pressure as well as in presence of humidity, are tested towards several analytes, such as NO2, H2 and NH3. The sensors are calibrated in the sub-ppm range of NO2 so that  the devices result to be particularly appealing as graphene-based sensors for NO2 operating in wet environment.
MASS SPECTROMETRY APPROACHES FOR EVALUATION OF
DIETARY EXPOSURE TO TOXIC CONTAMINANTS
Creators: name: Fabbrocino, Serena
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2015

description: The legislation on environmental contaminants in food and feed chain is constantly evolving. Some of these contaminants, such as mycotoxins, have already been the subject of official control of the food and feed chain, while others, such as cyanotoxins compounds, are not yet covered.
Present work is based on the development of innovative techniques aimed at the implementation of confirmatory analytical methods for the control of substances present and of probable future inclusion in the Official monitoring plans, i.e. aflatoxin M1 in dairy products, T-2 and HT-2 toxins in feedingstuffs and microcystins and cylindrospermopsin in particular products such as dietary supplements.
Regarding the mycotoxins, this work aims to focus on validation study of an analytical confirmatory method for the detection of T-2 and HT-2 toxins in feedingstuffs, as required by Commission Recommendation n 165 of 27 March 2013 with more rapid and reliable extraction methods based on QuEChERS (Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged, and Safe) extraction kit coupled to detection in LC-MS/MS.
The applicability of QuEChERS extraction method was also tested for the analysis of AFM1 in dairy products with final determination by LC-ESI-Ion Trap MS/MS.
As to cyanotoxins, the Committee of Experts of the WHO defined a tolerable daily intake only for one of the up to 90 known microcystins, i.e. microcystin LR, although recent studies indicate that other congeners are eventually more toxic; here we present the development of a fully validated method for a rapid and reliable detection of these compounds in dietary supplements with ESI-Ion Trap MS/MS detection.
So this work has allowed us to achieve several goals. Firstly, it has been provided an example, so far not present in the scientific literature, of application of the QuEChERS extraction analysis for a fully validated confirmatory method for T-2 and HT-2 determination in feedingstuffs, whose validity has been proved fullfilling European Legislation criteria requirements; moreover, for the confirmation of the presence of aflatoxin M1 in dairy products in compliance with the needs of a quick response, an analytical solution to laboratories appointed for Official Control was provided.
Moreover, the development and validation of analytical methods for substances such as microcystins characterized by toxicity and evident presence in dietary supplements, which are not covered by national and European legislation allowed us to provide guidance to the regulation both for performance criteria and for safety levels. The presence in dietary supplements of another cyanotoxin, the cylindrospermopsin was also evidenced.
Quantum supremacy and quantum phase transitions
Creators: name: Thanasilp, Supanut
name: Tangpanitanon, Jirawat
name: Lemonde, Marc-Antoine
name: Dangniam, Ninnat
name: Angelakis, Dimitris G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Demonstrating the ability of existing quantum platforms to perform certain computational tasks intractable to classical computers represents a cornerstone in quantum computing. Despite the growing number of such proposed "quantum supreme" tasks, it remains an important challenge to identify their direct applications. In this work, we describe how the approach proposed in Ref. [arXiv:2002.11946] for demonstrating quantum supremacy in generic driven analog many-body systems, such as those found in cold atom and ion setups, can be extended to explore dynamical quantum phase transitions. We show how key quantum supremacy signatures, such as the distance between the output distribution and the expected Porter Thomas distribution at the supremacy regime, can be used as effective order parameters. We apply this approach to a periodically driven disordered 1D Ising model and show that we can accurately capture the transition between the driven thermalized and many-body localized phases. This approach also captures the transition towards the Floquet prethermalized regime for high-frequency driving. Revisiting quantum phases of matter under the light of the recent discussions about quantum supremacy draws a link between complexity theory and analog many-body systems.
description: 7 pages of main text, 6 figures
Manufacture and Characterization of Nanoparticles for Energetic Applications
Creators: name: De Falco, Gianluigi
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2015

description: It is established nowadays in combustion science and technology that every flame can pro-duce particles, even when it appears to be particle-free. Starting from this assumption, flames are considered no longer only as a reactive flow with internal energy transfer, but also as a reactor for synthesizing gaseous and solid species. Traditional combustion aerosol technology is focused on studying nanosized particulate matter formation during combustion of hydrocarbons, considered as unwanted pollutants, in order to understand the onset of their formation and minimize their emis-sions. On the other hand, in flame aerosol synthesis nanoparticles are desired products, and the knowledge of their formation is the starting point to set up cheap flame reactors.
The main objective of this Ph.D. thesis is the development and control of specific aerosol flame synthesis (AFS) systems for the production and the subsequent characterization of engineered nanomaterials. The work was focused on metal oxides based nanomaterials, carbonaceous nano-materials and carbon-metal oxides nanocomposite.
The flame reactors used for the synthesis of carbon nanomaterials were constituted by un-doped flat laminar ethylene/air premixed flame, operated in fuel-rich condition, in which vapor car-bon precursors are given by the unburned fuel. Different carbonaceous particles were produced by changing flame equivalent ratio and particle residence time (i.e, sampling position). Properties of synthesized nanoparticles, such as 2D/3D character, optical features, chemical structure, electrical behavior and interaction forces, were characterized with respect to the flame reactor characteristics.
Regarding the production of metal oxides nanoparticles and carbon-metal oxides nanocom-posites, an Aerosol Flame Synthesis (AFS) system was developed and successfully operated in VAFS mode to produce pure, monodisperse nanoparticles of magnesium oxide and titanium diox-ide, by feeding magnesium and titanium precursors to a fuel-lean hydrocarbon flame reactor.
Finally, the AFS system was operated in fuel-rich flame reactor conditions, in order to syn-thesize pure TiO2 and carbon-TiO2 nanoparticles with similar dimension and compositions. A char-acterization of nanoparticle health effects, for personal care products applications, in terms of Reac-tive Oxygen Species (ROS) production was performed, showing that flame-synthesized titania pro-duces a lower amount of ROS with respect to commercial TiO2. The presence of carbon induces a further decrease of ROS production, leading to a reduction of nanopowder skin toxicity.
Helmut Hanitzsch 60 Jahre alt
Creators: name: Behrens, Hermann
name: Toepfer, Volker
Publisher: name: Jahresschrift für mitteldeutsche Vorgeschichte
Year: 2022

description: Jahresschrift für mitteldeutsche Vorgeschichte, Bd. 59 (1976): Jahresschrift für Mitteldeutsche Vorgeschichte
Interstellar extinction, polarization, and grain alignment in the Sh 2-185 (IC 59 and IC 63) region
Creators: name: Soam, Archana
name: Andersson, B-G
name: Straižys, V.
name: Caputo, Miranda
name: Kazlauskas, A.
name: Boyle, R. P.
name: Janusz, R.
name: Zdanavičius, J.
name: Acosta-Pulido, J. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Optical and infrared continuum polarization from the interstellar medium is driven by radiative processes aligning the grains with the magnetic field. While a quantitative, predictive theory of Radiative Alignment Torques (RAT) exists and has been extensively tested, several parameters of the theory remain to be fully constrained. In a recent paper, \citet{medan2019} showed that the polarization efficiency (and therefore grain alignment efficiency) at different locations in the wall of the Local Bubble (LB) could be modeled as proportional to the integrated light intensity from the surrounding stars and OB associations. Here we probe that relationship at high radiation field intensities by studying the extinction and polarization in the two reflection nebulae IC\,59 and IC\,63 in the Sh 2-185 H II region, illuminated by the B0 IV star $γ$ Cassiopeia. We combine archival visual polarimetry with new 7-band photometry in the Vilnius system, to derive the polarization efficiency from the material. We find that the same linear relationship seen in the Local Bubble wall also applies to the Sh 2-185 region, strengthening the conclusion from the earlier study.
description: 31 pages, 11 figures, 4 tables (data under tables will be uploaded to CDS), Accepted for publication in AJ
Time-odd triaxial relativistic mean field approach for nuclear magnetic moments
Creators: name: Yao, J. M.
name: Chen, H.
name: Meng, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The time-odd triaxial relativistic mean field approach is developed and applied to the investigation of the ground-state properties of light odd-mass nuclei near the double-closed shells. The nuclear magnetic moments including the isoscalar and isovector ones are calculated and good agreement with Schmidt values is obtained. Taking $^{17}$F as an example, the splitting of the single particle levels (around $~0.7$ MeV near the Fermi level), the nuclear current, the core polarizations, and the nuclear magnetic potential, i.e., the spatial part of the vector potential, due to the violation of the time reversal invariance are investigated in detail.
description: 26 pages, 8 figures. PHYSICAL REVIEW C (accepted)
Master regulators as order parameters of gene expression states
Creators: name: Krämer, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cell type-specific gene expression patterns are represented as memory states of a Hopfield neural network model. It is shown that order parameters of this model can be interpreted as concentrations of master transcription regulators that form concurrent positive feedback loops with a large number of downstream regulated genes. The order parameter free energy then defines an epigenetic landscape in which local minima correspond to stable cell states. The model is applied to gene expression data in the context of hematopoiesis.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures
A low energy neutrino factory for large $θ_{13}$
Creators: name: Geer, Steve
name: Mena, Olga
name: Pascoli, Silvia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: If the value of $θ_{13}$ is within the reach of the upcoming generation of long-baseline experiments, T2K and NO$ν$A, we show that a low-energy neutrino factory, with peak energy in the few GeV range, would provide a sensitive tool to explore CP-violation and the neutrino mass hierarchy. We consider baselines with typical length 1000--1500 km. The unique performance of the low energy neutrino factory is due to the rich neutrino oscillation pattern at energies between 1 and 4 GeV at baselines $\mathcal{O}(1000)$ km. We perform both a semi-analytical study of the sensitivities and a numerical analysis to explore how well this setup can measure $θ_{13}$, CP-violation, and determine the type of mass hierarchy and the $θ_{23}$ quadrant. A low energy neutrino factory provides a powerful tool to resolve ambiguities and make precise parameter determinations, for both large and fairly small values of the mixing parameter $θ_{13}$.
description: 15 pages, 8 figures
Data filtering methods for broadband spectral electrical impedance tomography (sEIT) measurements to reduce electromagnetic coupling effects
Creators: name: Wang, Haoran
name: Huisman, Johan Alexander
name: Zimmermann, Egon
name: Vereecken, Harry
Publisher: name: Forschungzentrum Jülich
Year: 2023

description: EGU 2023, Vienna, Austria, 14 Apr 2023 - 19 Apr 2023; doi:10.5194/egusphere-egu23-2553
On the shot-noise limit of a thermal current
Creators: name: Patton, Kelly R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The noise power spectral density of a thermal current between two macroscopic dielectric bodies held at different temperatures and connected only at a quantum point contact is calculated. Assuming the thermal energy is carried only by phonons, we model the quantum point contact as a mechanical link, having a harmonic spring potential. In the weak coupling, or weak-link limit, we find the thermal current analog of the well-known electronic shot-noise expression.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure
Identifying High Acute Care Users Among Bipolar and Schizophrenia Patients
Creators: name: Li, Shuo
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 461103
subject: Deep learning

description: The electronic health record (EHR) documents the patient’s medical history, with information such as demographics, diagnostic history, procedures, laboratory tests, and observations made by healthcare providers. This source of information can help support preventive health care and management. The present thesis explores the potential for EHR-driven models to predict acute care utilization (ACU) which is defined as visits to an emergency department (ED) or inpatient hospitalization (IH). ACU care is often associated with significant costs compared to outpatient visits. Identifying patients at risk can improve the quality of care for patients and can reduce the need for these services making healthcare organizations more cost-effective. This is important for vulnerable patients including those suffering from schizophrenia and bipolar disorders. This study compares the ability of the MedBERT architecture, the MedBERT+ architecture and standard machine learning models to identify at risk patients. MedBERT is a deep learning language model which was trained on diagnosis codes to predict the patient’s at risk for certain disease conditions. MedBERT+, the architecture introduced in this study is also trained on diagnosis codes. However, it adds socio-demographic embeddings and targets a different outcome, namely ACU. MedBERT+ outperformed the original architecture, MedBERT, as well as XGB achieving an AUC of 0.71 for both bipolar and schizophrenia patients when predicting ED visits and an AUC of 0.72 for bipolar patients when predicting IH visits. For schizophrenia patients, the IH predictive model had an AUC of 0.66 requiring further improvements. One potential direction for future improvement is the encoding of the demographic variables. Preliminary results indicate that an appropriate encoding of the age of the patient increased the AUC of Bipolar ED models to up to 0.78.
Additional file 2 of The association between acute fatty liver disease and nitric oxide during malaria in pregnancy
Creators: name: Niikura, Mamoru
name: Fukutomi, Toshiyuki
name: Mineo, Shoichiro
name: Mitobe, Jiro
name: Kobayashi, Fumie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2: Figure S1. Nitric oxide produced by inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) is not involved in the development of liver injury during primary infection with lethal malaria parasites. Unimmunized wild-type (WT) and iNOS-knockout (KO) female mice were placed with male WT mice for 1 day. Mice on day 12 post-mating were infected with 1 × 104 erythrocytes infected with Plasmodium berghei NK65. (A) Course of parasitaemia. Closed and opened symbols indicate WT and iNOS-KO mice, respectively. Circles and triangles indicate pregnant and non-pregnant mice, respectively. Results are shown as the means ± standard deviation of three mice. (B–E) Liver tissue staining with haematoxylin and eosin. Livers were obtained from mice on day 7 post-infection. (B) Unimmunized non-pregnant WT mice infected with P. berghei NK65. (C) Unimmunized pregnant WT mice infected with P. berghei NK65. (D) Unimmunized non-pregnant iNOS-KO mice infected with P. berghei NK65. (E) Unimmunized pregnant iNOS-KO mice infected with P. berghei NK65. Scale bar indicates 100 μm. Data are representative of three independent experiments.
Non-Gaussian Nature and Entanglement of Spontaneous Parametric Nondegenerate Triple-Photon Generation
Creators: name: Zhang, D.
name: Cai, Y.
name: Zheng, Z.
name: Barral, D.
name: Zhang, Y.
name: Xiao, M.
name: Bencheikh, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: How to prepare deterministically non-Gaussian entangled states is a fundamental question for continuous-variable quantum information technology. Here, we theoretically demonstrate through numerical methods that the triple-photon state generated by three-photon spontaneous parametric down-conversion is a pure super-Gaussian resource of non-Gaussian entanglement. Interestingly, the degree of entanglement between the modes of the triple-photon state is stronger than that corresponding to the two-mode squeezed vacuum state produced by a quadratic Hamiltonian with the same parameters. Furthermore, we propose a model to prepare two-mode non-Gaussian entangled states with tunable non-Gaussianity based on quadrature projection measurements.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Additional file 1 of ‘The hardest job I’ve ever done’: a qualitative exploration of the factors affecting junior doctors’ mental health and well-being during medical training in Australia
Creators: name: Petrie, Katherine
name: Deady, Mark
name: Lupton, Deborah
name: Crawford, Joanna
name: Boydell, Katherine M.
name: Harvey, Samuel B.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Interview Topic Guide.
Towards a communication assessment method : an examination of the media treatment of social policy and free trade
Creators: name: Burns, Richard Dehler
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: A Critical Theoretical perspective is used to analyse the underlying logic of globalization (flexible capital accumulation) as problematic for social policy and programs. Conflicts between economic accumulation and political legitimation emerged as contradictory stagflation leading to delinking the gold standard and abandonment of the Keynesian consensus and Bretton Woods system. The Macdonald Royal Commission on Economic Union and Development Prospects for Canada abandoned its claim to public enlightenment and social consensus in validating free trade. The economic constitution of free trade limits social rights and future political intervention into the economic sphere. The social orientation to emancipation and well-being are restrained to utilitarian discourse. Critical Theory of the Frankfurt School is compared with positivism and interpretivism within an analytic frame of ontology, epistemology and methodology. The historical background of the Frankfurt School is discussed with contributions by Adorno, Foucault, Freud, Habermas, Honneth, Horkheimer, and Marcuse. A meta-theoretical framework is developed for use in social work theory and practice. Jiirgen Habermas' Theory of Social Action is analysed within the frame as arguing the good life in the public sphere. Habermas' interpretation of the crisis of the welfare state as the colonization of the lifeworld by strategic communication is applied to the recent free trade and social policy debate. Universal pragmatics and the criteria of universal validity claims is developed. A communication assessment method is developed from Habermas' universal validity claims criteria and theory of communicative action. The typological criteria is used to measure public consensus on The Globe and Mail Newspaper coverage of Canadian public sphere discourse on free trade and social policy from 1980 to 1995. A multi-stage sample of textual arguments is deconstructed and analysed within an "ideal speech situation" of the hermeneutic-dialectical computer program ATLAS/ti. Qualitative analysis and statistical measures of Chi-Square Analysis and Dendrograms are adapted to the validity claim criteria to describe the results. Methodological results are tentative, and presented as an exploration of theory applied to method which is useful for social work theory and practice. The importance of the Habermasian revision of Critical Theory to social work theory and practice is discussed.
The Progenitors of Short Gamma-Ray Bursts
Creators: name: Lee, William H.
name: Ramirez-Ruiz, Enrico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent months have witnessed dramatic progress in our understanding of SGRBs. There is now general agreement that SGRBs can produce directed outflows of relativistic matter with a kinetic luminosity exceeding by many millions that of AGN. The requirements of energy and compactness indicate that SGRB activity can be ascribed to a modest fraction of a solar mass of gas accreting onto a stellar mass BH or to a precursor stage leading inevitably to such an object. Scenarios involving the birth of a rapidly rotating NS, or an accreting BH in a merging binary driven by gravitational waves are reviewed, along with possible alternatives (collisions or collapse of compact objects). If a BH lies at the center of this activity, the fundamental pathways through which mass, angular momentum and energy can flow around and away from it play a key role in understanding how these prime movers can form collimated relativistic outflows. Hypercritical flows near BHs, where photons cannot supply the cooling, but neutrinos do so efficiently, are discussed in detail, and we believe that they offer the best hope of understanding the central engine. On the other hand, statistical investigations of SGRB niches provide valuable information on their nature and evolutionary behavior. In addition, compelling evidence now points to the continuous fueling of SGRB sources. We suggest that the observed late flaring activity could be due to a secondary accretion episode induced by the fall back of material stripped from a compact object during a merger or collision. Important open questions are identified, along with the types of observation that would discriminate among various models. SGRB jets may be one of the few observable consequences of how flows near nuclear density behave under the influence of strong gravitational fields. (abridged)
description: 76 pages, 26 figures, review article to appear in the GRB Focus Issue of New Journal of Physics
Play MNIST For Me! User Studies on the Effects of Post-Hoc, Example-Based Explanations & Error Rates on Debugging a Deep Learning, Black-Box Classifier
Creators: name: Ford, Courtney
name: Kenny, Eoin M.
name: Keane, Mark T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.8; F.2.2

description: This paper reports two experiments (N=349) on the impact of post hoc explanations by example and error rates on peoples perceptions of a black box classifier. Both experiments show that when people are given case based explanations, from an implemented ANN CBR twin system, they perceive miss classifications to be more correct. They also show that as error rates increase above 4%, people trust the classifier less and view it as being less correct, less reasonable and less trustworthy. The implications of these results for XAI are discussed.
description: 2 Figures, 1 Table, 8 pages
Isospin particle on $S^{2}$ with arbitrary number of supersymmetries
Creators: name: Hong, Soon-Tae
name: Lee, Joohan
name: Lee, Tae Hoon
name: Oh, Phillial
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the supersymmetric quantum mechanics of an isospin particle in the background of spherically symmetric Yang-Mills gauge field. We show that on $S^{2}$ the number of supersymmetries can be made arbitrarily large for a specific choice of the spherically symmetric SU(2) gauge field. However, the symmetry algebra containing the supercharges becomes nonlinear if the number of fermions is greater than two. We present the exact energy spectra and eigenfunctions, which can be written as the product of monopole harmonics and a certain isospin state. We also find that the supersymmetry is spontaneously broken if the number of supersymmetries is even.
description: 6 pages
When did You Drop Out? Identifying Barriers to Undergraduate Success
Creators: Demmans Epp, Carrie
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2021

SSHRC IDG awarded 2021: We have failed to improve retention and diversity in undergraduate science education over the past 20 years. The lack of investigation into which students leave undergraduate programs at different points is problematic because it prevents us from understanding and addressing barriers to student success. For these reasons, we have partnered with our academic advising and admissions group to investigate student paths through the undergraduate programs offered by the 7 science departments in our faculty. We will analyze the admissions and course sequences of approximately 14 ,000 students throughout their degree programs. This will allow us to identify where students are struggling within their programs and when they leave. We will complement this analysis using interviews with academic advisors and student focus groups to understand why students leave at these junctures. We will also meet with curriculum committees and academic advisors to identify potential solutions and plan for adjusting admissions procedures and course prerequisite structures. These methods will help us understand, correct, and monitor the curricular and course delivery issues that exist within our higher education systems.
Production experiment, subject 73
Creators: name: Lau-Preechathammarach, Raksit Tyler
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: kdt

description: Target and distractor stimuli embedded in carrier sentences. Subject is a 29-year-old female. Carried out in a quiet room in the temple of Wat Nakharin in Ban Khi Nak.
Additional file 1 of Comparative transcriptome and metabolome analysis reveal glutathione metabolic network and functional genes underlying blue and red-light mediation in maize seedling leaf
Creators: name: Liu, Tiedong
name: Zhang, Xiwen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1 : Table S1. The primer sequences of target genes and reference gene in qPCR.
Thermomagnetic Properties of QCD
Creators: name: Hofmann, Christoph P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the low-energy regime of quantum chromodynamics subjected to an external magnetic field by deriving the two-loop representations for the entropy density and the magnetization within chiral perturbation theory (CHPT). At fixed temperature, the entropy density drops when the magnetic field becomes stronger. The magnetization induced at finite temperature is negative in the entire parameter region accessible by CHPT. We also point out that the enhancement of the finite-temperature part in the quark condensate is correlated with the decrease of the entropy density.
description: 17 pages, 8 figures
Highly luminescent silver-based MOFs: Scalable eco-friendly synthesis paving the way for photonics sensors and electroluminescent devices
Creators: name: Gutiérrez, Mario
name: Martín, Cristina
name: Souza, Barbara E.
name: Van der Auweraer, Mark
name: Hofkens, Johan
name: Tan, Jin-Chong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Luminescent multifunctional nanomaterials are important because of their potential impact on the development of key technologies such as smart luminescent sensors and solid-state lightings. To be technologically viable, the luminescent material needs to fulfil a number of requirements such as facile and cost-effective fabrication, a high quantum yield, structural robustness, and long-term material stability. To achieve these requirements, an eco-friendly and scalable synthesis of a highly photoluminescent, multistimuli responsive and electroluminescent silver-based metal-organic framework (Ag-MOF), termed "OX-2" was developed. Its exceptional photophysical and mechanically resilient properties that can be reversibly switched by temperature and pressure make this material stood out over other competing luminescent materials. The potential use of OX-2 MOF as a good electroluminescent material was tested by constructing a proof-of-concept MOF-LED (light emitting diode) device, further contributing to the rare examples of electroluminescent MOFs. The results reveal the huge potential for exploiting the Ag MOF as a multitasking platform to engineer innovative photonic technologies.
description: 33 pages, 7 figures, Supplementary Information
Nonlinear interaction between three kinetic Alfvén waves
Creators: name: Shukla, P. K.
name: Brodin, G.
name: Stenflo, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using Hall-MHD theory, we focus on the resonant interaction between three kinetic Alfvén waves. We thus derive three coupled equations which govern this process. It turns out that these equations contain the same coupling coefficient, directly showing that they satisfy the Manley-Rowe relations. The coupling coefficient can be written in a comparatively very simple form, that has not been deduced before. The decay rate, when a pump kinetic Alfvén wave decays into two similar Alfvén waves, is therefore easily estimated for plasmas of astrophysical interest.
description: To appear in Phys. Lett. A
Attractors in continuous and Boolean networks
Creators: name: Norrell, Johannes
name: Samuelsson, Björn
name: Socolar, Joshua E. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We study the stable attractors of a class of continuous dynamical systems that may be idealized as networks of Boolean elements, with the goal of determining which Boolean attractors, if any, are good approximations of the attractors of generic continuous systems. We investigate the dynamics in simple rings and rings with one additional self-input. An analysis of switching characteristics and pulse propagation explains the relation between attractors of the continuous systems and their Boolean approximations. For simple rings, "reliable" Boolean attractors correspond to stable continuous attractors. For networks with more complex logic, the qualitative features of continuous attractors are influenced by inherently non-Boolean characteristics of switching events.
description: Revised and extended version. The methods section from version 2 is now an appendix and another appendix has been added. Submitted to PRE
Additional file 1 of Movement and dispersal of a habitat specialist in human-dominated landscapes: a case study of the red panda
Creators: name: Bista, Damber
name: Baxter, Greg S.
name: Hudson, Nicholas J.
name: Lama, Sonam Tashi
name: Weerman, Janno
name: Murray, Peter John
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Summary of the minimum, maximum and mean monthly temperatures (°C) recorded in the study area from March 2017 to February 2018. Table S2. Models describing daily distance as a function of age, sex and season. Table S3. Effects of age, sex and season on daily distance. Table S4. Models describing step length as a function of age, sex, diel time and season. Table S5. Effects of age, sex, diel time and season on activity level. Table S6. Models describing step length as a function of disturbance variables, fragmentation metrics and season. Figure S1. Dendrogram of disturbance variables and fragmentation metrics. Figure S2.a. Frequency distribution of disturbance variables and fragmentation metrics. Figure S2.b. Frequency distribution of disturbance variables for randomly generated points. Figure S3. Time-series plots depicting the proximity distance between cubs and their mothers before and after the dispersal. Figure S4. Movement trajectories of dispersers showing dispersal and nondispersal phases. Figure S5. Dispersal paths of two sub-adult female red pandas.
Inferring the gravitational wave memory for binary coalescence events
Creators: name: Khera, Neev
name: Krishnan, Badri
name: Ashtekar, Abhay
name: De Lorenzo, Tommaso
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Full, non-linear general relativity predicts a memory effect for gravitational waves. For compact binary coalescence, the total gravitational memory serves as an inferred observable, conceptually on the same footing as the mass and the spin of the final black hole. Given candidate waveforms for any LIGO event, then, one can calculate the posterior probability distribution functions for the total gravitational memory, and use them to compare and contrast the waveforms. In this paper we present these posterior distributions for the binary black hole merger events reported in the first Gravitational Wave Transient Catalog (GWTC-1), using the Phenomenological and Effective-One-Body waveforms. On the whole, the two sets of posterior distributions agree with each other quite well though we find larger discrepancies for the $\ell=2, m=1$ mode of the memory. This signals a possible source of systematic errors that was not captured by the posterior distributions of other inferred observables. Thus, the posterior distributions of various angular modes of total memory can serve as diagnostic tools to further improve the waveforms. Analyses such as this would be valuable especially for future events as the sensitivity of ground based detectors improves, and for LISA which could measure the total gravitational memory directly.
description: 15 pages, 6 figures
Electron-phonon coupling in the self-consistent Born approximation of the t-J model
Creators: name: Gunnarsson, O.
name: Rösch, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study an undoped t-J model with electron-phonon interaction using the self-consistent Born approximation (SCBA). By neglecting vertex corrections, the SCBA solves a boson-holon model, where a holon couples to phonons and magnons. Comparison with exact diagonalization results for the t-J model suggests that the SCBA describes the electron-phonon interaction fairly accurately over a substantial range of J/t values. Exact diagonalization of the boson-holon model shows that the deviations are mainly due to the neglect of vertex corrections for small J/t and due to the replacement of the t-J model by the boson-holon model for large J/t. For typical values of J/t, the electron-phonon part Sigma_ep of the electron self-energy has comparable contributions from the second order diagram in the electron-phonon interaction and a phonon induced change of magnon diagrams. A very simple approximation to Sigma_ep gives a rather accurate effective mass. Using this approximation, we study the factors influencing the electron-phonon interaction. Typically, we find that the magnons nominally have a stronger coupling to the holon than the phonons. The phonons, nevertheless, drive the formation of small polarons (self-localization) due to important differences between the character of the phonon and magnon couplings.
description: 7 pages, RevTeX, 6 eps figures
Additional file 1 of Predisposing factors to acquisition of acute respiratory tract infections in the community: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Hammond, Ashley
name: Halliday, Alice
name: Thornton, Hannah V.
name: Hay, Alastair D.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Medline and Embase search strategy (searched 20th July 2020). Table S2. Population, Intervention, Comparator, Outcome and Study design criteria for inclusion and exclusion. Table S3. Study characteristics for all included risk factor papers (n=23).
First-Principles Study on Electron-Conduction Properties of C$_{60}$ Chains
Creators: name: Ono, Tomoya
name: Hirose, Kikuji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The electron-conduction properties of fullerene chains are examined by first-principles calculations based on the density functional theory. The conductivity of the C$_{60}$ dimer is low owing to the constraint of the junction of the molecules on electron conduction, whereas the C$_{60}$ monomer exhibits a conductance of $\sim$ 1 G$_0$. One of the three degenerate $t_{u1}$ states of C$_{60}$ is relevant to conduction and the contributions of the others are small. In addition, we found a more interesting result that the conductance of the fullerene chain is drastically increased by encapsuling metal atoms into cages.
description: 10pages and 5 figures
Ground Level Muon Flux Variation in a Cosmic Rays Simulation
Creators: name: Pereira, E. G.
name: Vasconcellos, C. A. Z.
name: Hadjimichef, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The oscillatory movements of atmospheric air masses has been claimed to be the origin of the muon flux variation measured at the ground level. Using a cosmic ray toolkit (CORSIKA), we simulate cascade scenarios in a time scale of a year and show the dependence of the muon flux pattern with a proposed oscillatory model atmosphere.
description: 4 pages, 1 table, 6 figures, to be published in Astronomische Nachrichten. Contribution to the Proceedings of the 9th International Workshop on Astronomy and Relativistic Astrophysics, Mexico City, Mexico, 6-12 September, 2020
Memristive Device Modeling and Circuit Design Exploration for Computation-in-Memory
Creators: name: Siemon, Anne
name: Wouters, Dirk J.
name: Hamdioui, Said
name: Menzel, Stephan
Publisher: name: RWTH Aachen University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Computation in Memory ; Memristive devices

description: 2019 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS), Sapporo, Japan, 26 May 2019 - 29 May 2019
Estimation of bivariate excess probabilities for elliptical models
Creators: name: Abdous, Belkacem
name: Fougères, Anne-Laure
name: Ghoudi, Kilani
name: Soulier, Philippe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $(X,Y)$ be a random vector whose conditional excess probability $θ(x,y):=P(Y\leq y | X>x)$ is of interest. Estimating this kind of probability is a delicate problem as soon as $x$ tends to be large, since the conditioning event becomes an extreme set. Assume that $(X,Y)$ is elliptically distributed, with a rapidly varying radial component. In this paper, three statistical procedures are proposed to estimate $θ(x,y)$ for fixed $x,y$, with $x$ large. They respectively make use of an approximation result of Abdous et al. (cf. Canad. J. Statist. 33 (2005) 317--334, Theorem 1), a new second order refinement of Abdous et al.'s Theorem 1, and a non-approximating method. The estimation of the conditional quantile function $θ(x,\cdot)^{\leftarrow}$ for large fixed $x$ is also addressed and these methods are compared via simulations. An illustration in the financial context is also given.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.3150/08-BEJ140 the Bernoulli (http://isi.cbs.nl/bernoulli/) by the International Statistical Institute/Bernoulli Society (http://isi.cbs.nl/BS/bshome.htm)