cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Nonequilibrium transition induced by mass media in a model for social influence
Creators: name: González-Avella, J. C.
name: Cosenza, M. G.
name: Tucci, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effect of mass media, modeled as an applied external field, on a social system based on Axelrod's model for the dissemination of culture. The numerical simulations show that the system undergoes a nonequilibrium phase transition between an ordered phase (homogeneous culture) specified by the mass media and a disordered (culturally fragmented) one. The critical boundary separating these phases is calculated on the parameter space of the system, given by the intensity of the mass media influence and the number of options per cultural attribute. Counterintuitively, mass media can induce cultural diversity when its intensity is above some threshold value. The nature of the phase transition changes from continuous to discontinuous at some critical value of the number of options.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures
On the Performance of Turbo Codes in Quasi-Static Fading Channels
Creators: name: Rodrigues, M. R. D.
name: Chatzigeorgiou, I.
name: Wassell, I. J.
name: Carrasco, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we investigate in detail the performance of turbo codes in quasi-static fading channels both with and without antenna diversity. First, we develop a simple and accurate analytic technique to evaluate the performance of turbo codes in quasi-static fading channels. The proposed analytic technique relates the frame error rate of a turbo code to the iterative decoder convergence threshold, rather than to the turbo code distance spectrum. Subsequently, we compare the performance of various turbo codes in quasi-static fading channels. We show that, in contrast to the situation in the AWGN channel, turbo codes with different interleaver sizes or turbo codes based on RSC codes with different constraint lengths and generator polynomials exhibit identical performance. Moreover, we also compare the performance of turbo codes and convolutional codes in quasi-static fading channels under the condition of identical decoding complexity. In particular, we show that turbo codes do not outperform convolutional codes in quasi-static fading channels with no antenna diversity; and that turbo codes only outperform convolutional codes in quasi-static fading channels with antenna diversity.
description: To appear in the Proceedings of the 2005 IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory, Adelaide, Australia, September 4-9, 2005
Cosmic Ray Spectral Deformation Caused by Energy Determination Errors
Creators: name: Carlson, Per
name: Wannemark, Conny
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using simulation methods, distortion effects on energy spectra caused by errors in the energy determination have been investigated. For cosmic ray proton spectra, falling steeply with kinetic energy E as E-2.7, significant effects appear. When magnetic spectrometers are used to determine the energy, the relative error increases linearly with the energy and distortions with a sinusoidal form appear starting at an energy that depends significantly on the error distribution but at an energy lower than that corresponding to the Maximum Detectable Rigidity of the spectrometer. The effect should be taken into consideration when comparing data from different experiments, often having different error distributions.
description: To appear in Nuclear Instr. Methods
Primordial black holes and gravitational waves from resonant amplification during inflation
Creators: name: Zhou, Zihan
name: Jiang, Jie
name: Cai, Yi-Fu
name: Sasaki, Misao
name: Pi, Shi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new realization of the resonant production of primordial black holes as well as gravitational waves in a two-stage inflation model consisting of a scalar field ϕwith an axion-monodromy-like periodic structure in the potential that governs the first stage and another field χwith a hilltop-like potential that dominates the second stage. The parametric resonance seeded by the periodic structure at the first stage amplifies the perturbations of both fields inside the Hubble radius. While the evolution of the background trajectory experiences a turn as the oscillatory barrier height increases, the amplified perturbations of χremain as they are and contribute to the final curvature perturbation. It turns out that the primordial power spectrum displays a significant resonant peak on small scales, which can lead to an abundant production of primordial black holes. Furthermore, gravitational waves are also generated from the resonantly enhanced field perturbations during inflation, the amplitude of which may be constrained by future gravitational wave interferometers.
description: 14 pages, 8 figures
An Extended Interpretation of the Thermodynamic Theory Including an Additional Energy Associated with a Decrease in Mass
Creators: name: Krasnoholovets, Volodymyr
name: Tane, Jean-Louis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Although its practical efficiency is unquestionable, the thermodynamic tool presents a slight inconsistency from the theoretical point of view. After exposing arguments, which explain this opinion, a suggestion is put forward to solve the problem. It consists of linking the mass-energy relation d m = m c^{2} to the laws of thermodynamics. This combination results in a clarification of the theory and opens a bridge between thermodynamics and gravitation. It is shown that the submicroscopic consideration, which is based on the cellular concept of the real physical space when the space is treated as the tessellation lattice, indeed strongly supports the idea of a variation in mass in thermodynamic processes.
description: 25 pages and 6 figures
A high resolution measurement of the 1s$^2$2s$_{1/2} \rightarrow $1s$^2$2p$_{3/2}$ transition using the coherent resonant excitation of Li-like Uranium ions
Creators: name: Ananyeva, A.
name: Azuma, T.
name: Bräuning-Demian, A.
name: Braeuning, H.
name: Klefner, C.
name: Menk, S.
name: Nakano, Y.
name: Yamazaki, Y.
Publisher: name: GSI Helmholtzzentrum fuer Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt
Year: 2015
Subjects: Physics

description: GSI Scientific Report 2014 - GSI Report 2015-1
Radiolysis of carbon-dioxide ice by swift Ti  and Xe ions
Creators: name: Mejia, C.
name: Bender, M.
name: Severin, D.
name: Trautmann, C.
name: Boduch, P.
name: Bordalo, V.
name: Domaracka, A.
name: Lv, X. Y.
name: Martinez, R.
name: Rothard, H.
Publisher: name: GSI Helmholtzzentrum fuer Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt
Year: 2015
Subjects: Physics

description: GSI Scientific Report 2014 - GSI Report 2015-1
“It does get good again, and it will.” A Grounded Theory Exploration of Cis Women’s Journey from Rape or Unwanted Sex in Adulthood to Joy and Enjoyment in Sexual Intimacy
Creators: name: Weil, Sheeva
Publisher: name: UH Research Archive
Year: 2023
Subjects: sexual violence
sexual intimacy
post-traumatic growth
sexual recovery
rape
sexual assault
sex
sexuality

description: Literature on the sexual impact of sexual violence has predominantly focused on dysfunction and risk, suggesting a hopeless future for those impacted. This grounded theory study explores how cis women in the UK are able to find joy and enjoyment in sexual intimacy after an experience of rape or unwanted sex in adulthood. Through a realist social constructionist and feminist lens, I map the dynamic processes they embark upon, including understanding, contextualising and communicating their experiences of sexual violence and sexual intimacy, growing through self-compassion, healing through open and sex-positive relationships, and finding sexual agency via casual sex, BDSM/kink or learning to appreciate their idiosyncratic turn-ons. An examination of this journey reveals the vital importance of individual and communal joy, hope and resistance on this lifelong, non-linear journey. These findings demonstrate the need to shift prevalent discourse around what one can expect after an experience of sexual violence and suggest new avenues for psychological therapy for those seeking a joyful and pleasurable sex life after sexual trauma.
The Role of Experiences of the Body and Embodiment in Type 1 Diabetes and Disordered Eating
Creators: name: McMahon, Natalie
Publisher: name: UH Research Archive
Year: 2023
Subjects: Type 1 Diabetes
Disordered eating
T1DE
embodiment
Diabetes distress

description: Type 1 Diabetes and Disordered Eating (T1DE) is a term used to describe the presence of disordered eating patterns that are specific to those with Type 1 Diabetes. Research has highlighted that conventional eating disorder treatments are limited in their effectiveness for this group and specific clinical interventions and resources are lacking. Whilst T1DE is not recognised as a formal diagnosis, growing research has highlighted the complex and unique nature of the experiences, specifically, proposing the role of diabetes-specific factors. This Constructivist Grounded Theory study took an explorative approach to understanding how people with T1DE perceive their physical body and its relationship to their identity and the social world. 17 people with lived experience of T1DE engaged in semi-structured interviews which were analysed to construct a theoretical understanding of their embodied experiences. A theoretical model is presented which suggests a dynamic interplay of processes relating to the body, the self, and the relational world which underlie disordered eating in this group. The findings indicated that these processes were intrinsically linked to experiences of diabetes and diabetes management. These experiences appeared to drive an ‘othering’ of the physical body which created a disconnect between participants and their multifaceted selves. A unique process of ‘redefining’ control was constructed, and a secondary process of finding validation in the body was proposed. This secondary process became a powerful reinforcer and was considered to be key in driving disordered eating. Clinical and theoretical implications are reviewed and early indicators of potential sub-variations within the theoretical model are discussed.
A Critical Discourse Analysis into the Policy and Debate Relating to “Adults at Risk” detained within Immigration Removal Centres in the UK
Creators: name: Juneja, Sonika
Publisher: name: UH Research Archive
Year: 2023
Subjects: critical discourse analysis
immigration removal centre
refugee mental health
asylum seekers mental health

description: This research uses a critical discourse analysis to explore the discourses in a UK parliamentary debate and a policy document about “adults at risk” in immigration detention. Immigration detention centres in the UK are found to negatively impact the mental health of those detained. The processes for managing mental health or “vulnerable” adults named “adults at risk” in these institutions came into practice following an independent review into the welfare of vulnerable people in detention. This study explores the discourses used by politicians and the discourses used in policy documents about these “adults at risk”. The analysis identifies 6 main discourses where detention processes are presented as fair, detention as a system is presented as a last resort and a measure of protection, people seeking asylum are spoken about in either dehumanising or humanising discourses, mental health is presented as objectively measurable, as binary or dichotomous and as intrinsic to the individual. These discourses are further deconstructed using a critical discourse analysis with a focus on the power and inequality that they perpetuate and what wider discourses and ideologies in society create the context in which these occur. Recommendations are made on what further research can be done, on what these findings can contribute and how clinical psychologists can contribute through becoming more involved in politics and policy change.
Electron transport through a strongly correlated monoatomic chain
Creators: name: Krawiec, M.
name: Kwapinski, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study transport properties of a strongly correlated monoatomic chain coupled to metallic leads. Our system is described by tight binding Hubbard-like model in the limit of strong on-site electron-electron interactions in the wire. The equation of motion technique in the slave boson representation has been applied to obtain analytical and numerical results. Calculated linear conductance of the system shows oscillatory behavior as a function of the wire length. We have also found similar oscillations of the electron charge in the system. Moreover our results show spontaneous spin polarization in the wire. Finally, we compare our results with those for non-interacting chain and discuss their modifications due to the Coulomb interactions in the system.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
Young People’s Experiences of Leaving Homelessness: A South Wales Study
Creators: name: Day, David Kieran
Publisher: name: UH Research Archive
Year: 2023
Subjects: exiting homelessness
youth homelessness
interpretative phenomenological analysis
qualitative research
post-traumatic growth

description: Understanding how homelessness is experienced is key in developing meaningful and effective interventions. In recent years there has been a shift from research concerned with routes into homelessness towards investigations of exits from homelessness. Despite much being known about the predictors of homelessness exits, less is known about how this phenomenon is experienced. There is a lack of UK based research, with young people who have experienced homelessness being highlighted as a particularly marginalised and hidden group. This study examines the experience of six young people who have successfully exited homelessness in South Wales. An interpretative phenomenological analysis of semi-structured interviews led to four main themes: ‘The hardship of homelessness and the perilous task of exiting’, ‘The importance of people’, ‘How I survived’, and ‘It’s on me to change’. Findings highlight the hardship experienced by young people when exiting homelessness including financial insecurity, relationship challenges, and shame. This study brings new light to the importance of resilience, hope, pride, inner resourcefulness, and personal growth for young people exiting homelessness. These novel findings are considered within the framework of posttraumatic growth (Tedeschi & Calhoun, 2004) which challenges the narrative of vulnerability of young people who are homeless, by highlighting the creative ways in which they respond to adversity. Working within a framework that allows for the emergence of posttraumatic growth narratives and the use of a relationally informed approach is supported. The findings also support the use of assertive and consistent efforts in engaging young homeless people, as well as ensuring that financial support is provided. It is argued that a reconceptualization of preventative strategy is required, one which acknowledges the challenging period of maintaining a tenancy post-homelessness. There is a need for longitudinal research on how young people achieve long-term stability after leaving homelessness.
Measuring the primordial gravitational-wave background in the presence of astrophysical foregrounds
Creators: name: Biscoveanu, Sylvia
name: Talbot, Colm
name: Thrane, Eric
name: Smith, Rory
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Primordial gravitational waves are expected to create a stochastic background encoding information about the early Universe that may not be accessible by other means. However, the primordial background is obscured by an astrophysical foreground consisting of gravitational waves from compact binaries. We demonstrate a Bayesian method for estimating the primordial background in the presence of an astrophysical foreground. Since the background and foreground signal parameters are estimated simultaneously, there is no subtraction step, and therefore we avoid astrophysical contamination of the primordial measurement, sometimes referred to as "residuals". Additionally, since we include the non-Gaussianity of the astrophysical foreground in our model, this method represents the statistically optimal approach to the simultaneous detection of a multi-component stochastic background.
Ionization efficiency of material sputtered under swift heavy ion bombardment
Creators: name: Breuer, L.
name: Meinerzhagen, F.
name: Bender, M.
name: Severin, D.
name: Wucher, A.
Publisher: name: GSI Helmholtzzentrum fuer Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt
Year: 2015
Subjects: Physics

description: GSI Scientific Report 2014 - GSI Report 2015-1
Strategic Development and Comparative Advantages of Mengla Border Special Economic Zone, China and Chiang Rai Special Economic Zone, Thailand
Creators: name: Nutdhavuth Meechaiyo
name: Guo, Jian
Publisher: name: Center for Research on Plurality in the Mekong Region (CERP)
Year: 2019
Subjects: special economic zone
benefits
Chiang Rai
Mengla

description: Journal of Mekong Societies, 15, 2, 56-71
Quantitative outgassing analysis of polymers during heavy ion irradiation
Creators: name: Trapp, P.
name: Bender, M.
name: Severin, D.
name: Merkel, M.
Publisher: name: GSI Helmholtzzentrum fuer Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt
Year: 2015
Subjects: Physics

description: GSI Scientific Report 2014 - GSI Report 2015-1
Community-based Tourism Stakeholder Conflicts and the Co-creation Approach: A Case Study of Longji Terrace Fields, PRC
Creators: name: Jinsheng, Zhu
name: Aranya Siriphon
Publisher: name: Center for Research on Plurality in the Mekong Region (CERP)
Year: 2019
Subjects: community-based tourism
stakeholder, conflict
interest negotiation
co-creation

description: Journal of Mekong Societies, 15, 2, 38-55
Risk assessment for airborne disease transmission by poly-pathogen aerosols
Creators: name: Nordsiek, Freja
name: Bodenschatz, Eberhard
name: Bagheri, Gholamhossein
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the case of airborne diseases, pathogen copies are transmitted by droplets of respiratory tract fluid that are exhaled by the infectious and, after partial or full drying, inhaled as aerosols by the susceptible. The risk of infection in indoor environments is typically modelled using the Wells-Riley model or a Wells-Riley-like formulation, usually assuming the pathogen dose follows a Poisson distribution (mono-pathogen assumption). Aerosols that hold more than one pathogen copy, i.e. poly-pathogen aerosols, break this assumption even if the aerosol dose itself follows a Poisson distribution. For the largest aerosols where the number of pathogen in each aerosol can sometimes be several hundred or several thousand, the effect is non-negligible, especially in diseases where the risk of infection per pathogen is high. Here we report on a generalization of the Wells-Riley model and dose-response models for poly-pathogen aerosols by separately modeling each number of pathogen copies per aerosol, while the aerosol dose itself follows a Poisson distribution. This results in a model for computational risk assessment suitable for mono-/poly-pathogen aerosols. We show that the mono-pathogen assumption significantly overestimates the risk of infection for high pathogen concentrations in the respiratory tract fluid. The model also includes the aerosol removal due to filtering by the individuals which becomes significant for poorly ventilated environments with a high density of individuals, and systematically includes the effects of facemasks in the infectious aerosol source and sink terms and dose calculations.
description: updated file with link to software on GitHub
Ion-induced gas desorption from tungsten targets irradiated with 4.8 MeV/u gold ions
Creators: name: Bender, M.
name: Severin, D.
Publisher: name: GSI Helmholtzzentrum fuer Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt
Year: 2015
Subjects: Physics

description: GSI Scientific Report 2014 - GSI Report 2015-1
New constraints on SN Ia progenitor models
Creators: name: Belczynski, Krzysztof
name: Bulik, Tomasz
name: Ruiter, Ashley J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the StarTrack population synthesis code to discuss potential progenitor models of SN Ia: single degenerate scenario, semi-detached double white dwarf binary and double degenerate scenario. Using the most recent calculations of accretion onto white dwarfs, we consider SN Ia explosions of various white dwarfs in binary systems. We calculate the evolutionary delay times from the zero age main sequence to the explosion, and verify which scenarios can satisfy the constraints found by Strolger et al. (2004), i.e. a delay time of 2-4 Gyrs. It is found that the semi-detached double white dwarf binary model is inconsistent with observations. Only SN Ia progenitors in the double degenerate scenario are compatible with observations in all tested evolutionary models, with a characteristic delay time of about 3 Gyrs. If double degenerate mergers are excluded as SN Ia progenitors, we find that the single degenerate scenario may explain the observed delay times for models with low common envelope efficiency. It is also noted that the delay time distributions within the various tested SN Ia scenarios vary significantly and potentially can be used as an additional constraint on progenitor models.
description: 9 pages, 1 figure, ApJ (significant changes)
A toy model for approaching volcanic plumbing systems as complex systems
Creators: name: Cazabet, Remy
name: Annen, Catherine
name: Moyen, Jean-Francois
name: Weinberg, Roberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Magmas form at depth, move upwards and evolve chemically through a combination of processes. Magmatic processes are investigated by means of fieldwork combined with geophysics, geochemistry, analog and numerical models, and many other approaches. However, scientists in the field still struggle to understand how the variety of magmatic products arises, and there is no consensus yet on models of volcanic plumbing systems. This is because eruptions result from the integration of multiple processes, rooted in the magma source either in the mantle or lower crust that feeds a complex network of magma bodies linking magma source and volcano. In this work, we investigate the potential of the network approach through a prototype of magma pool interaction and magma transfer across the crust. In network terms, it describes a diffusion process on a dynamic spatial network, in which diffusion and network evolution are intertwined: the diffusion affects the network structure, and reciprocally. The diffusion process and network evolution mechanisms come from rules of behaviour derived from rock mechanics and melting processes. Nodes represent magma pools and edges physical connections between them, e.g., dykes or veinlets.
A model investigation of the longitudinal broadening of the transverse momentum two-particle correlator
Creators: name: Magdy, Niseem
name: Lacey, Roy A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Multi-Phase Transport model (AMPT) is used to investigate the longitudinal broadening of the transverse momentum two-particle correlator $C_{2}\left(Δη,Δφ\right)$, and its utility to extract the specific shear viscosity, $η/s$, of the quark-gluon plasma formed in ultra-relativistic heavy ion collisions. The results from these model studies indicate that the longitudinal broadening of $C_{2}\left(Δη,Δφ\right)$ is sensitive to the magnitude of $η/s$. However, reliable extraction of the longitudinal broadening of the correlator requires the suppression of possible self-correlations associated with the definition of the collision centrality.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures, Accepted in Physical Review C
Redox response of actinide materials to highly ionizing radiation
Creators: name: Tracy, C.
name: Lang, M.
name: Ewing, R.
name: Pray, J.
name: Zhang, F.
name: Popov, D.
name: Park, C.
name: Bender, M.
name: Severin, D.
name: Trautmann, C.
name: Skuratov, V.
name: Ewing, R. C.
Publisher: name: GSI Helmholtzzentrum fuer Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt
Year: 2015
Subjects: Physics

description: GSI Scientific Report 2014 - GSI Report 2015-1
Chandra and RXTE spectroscopy of the accreting msec pulsar IGR J00291+5934
Creators: name: Paizis, A.
name: Nowak, M. A.
name: Wilms, J.
name: Courvoisier, T. J. -L.
name: Ebisawa, K.
name: Rodriguez, J.
name: Ubertini, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on an observation of the recently discovered accreting millisecond X-ray pulsar IGR J00291+5934 performed with the RXTE-Proportional Counter Array (PCA) and Chandra-High Energy Transmission Grating Spectrometer (HETGS). The RXTE data are from a two week follow-up of the source while the Chandra observation took place around the end of the follow-up, about 12 days after the discovery of the source, when the source flux had decreased already by a factor of ten. The analysis of the Chandra data allowed us to extract the most precise X-ray position of IGR J00291+5934, RA=00 29 03.08 and Dec=+59 34 19.2 (0.6sec error), compatible with the optical and radio ones. We find that the spectra of IGR J00291+5934 can be described by a combination of a thermal component and a power-law. Along the outburst detected by PCA, the power-law photon index shows no particular trend while the thermal component (~1 keV, interpreted as a hot spot on the neutron star surface) becomes weaker until non-detection. In the simultaneous observation of the weak Chandra/RXTE spectrum, there is no more indication for the ~1 keV thermal component while we detect a colder thermal component (~0.4 keV) that we interpret as the emission from the cold disc. A hint for a 6.4 keV iron line is detected, together with an excess around 6.8 keV and absorption feature around 7.1 keV. The latter two features have never been detected in the spectra of accretion-driven millisecond pulsars before and, if confirmed, would suggest the presence of an expanding hot corona with high outflow velocities.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
The electron-phonon coupling constant, the Fermi temperature and unconventional superconductivity in the carbonaceous sulfur hydride 190 K superconductor
Creators: name: Talantsev, E. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, Snider et al (2020 Nature 586 373) reported on the observation of superconductivity in highly-compressed carbonaceous sulfur hydride, $H_x$$(S,C)_y$. The highest critical temperature in $H_x$$(S,C)_y$ by 5 K exceeds previous record of Tc = 280 K reported by Somayazulu et al (2019 Phys. Rev. Lett. 122 027001) for highly-compressed $La$$H_{10}$. In this paper we analyze experimental temperature dependent magnetoresistance data, R(T,B), reported by Snider et al. The analysis shows that $H_x$$(S,C)_y$ compound exhibited Tc = 190 K (P = 210 GPa) has the electron-phonon coupling constant $λ$$_{e-ph}$ = 2.0 and the ratio of critical temperature, Tc, to the Fermi temperature, Tf, in the range of 0.011 < Tc/Tf < 0.018. These deduced values are very close to ones reported for $H_x$$S$ at P = 155-165 GPa by Drozdov et al (2015 Nature 525 73). This means that in all considered scenarios the carbonaceous sulfur hydride 190 K superconductor falls into unconventional superconductors band in the Uemura plot, where all other highly-compressed super-hydride/deuterides are located. It should be noted that that our analysis shows that all raw R(T,B) datasets for $H_x$$(S,C)_y$ samples for which Snider et al (2020 Nature 586 373) reported Tc > 200 K cannot be characterized as reliable data sources. Thus, independent experimental confirmation/disprove high-Tc values in the carbonaceous sulfur hydride is required.
description: 13 pages, 3 figures
In situ defect annealing of swift heavy ion-irradiated CeO$_2$ and ThO$_2$
Creators: name: Palomares, R.
name: Tracy, C.
name: Zhang, F.
name: Park, C.
name: Popov, D.
name: Trautmann, C.
name: Ewing, R.
name: Lang, M.
Publisher: name: GSI Helmholtzzentrum fuer Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt
Year: 2015
Subjects: Physics

description: GSI Scientific Report 2014 - GSI Report 2015-1
NuSTAR measurement of the cosmic X-ray background in the 3-20 keV energy band
Creators: name: Krivonos, Roman
name: Wik, Daniel
name: Grefenstette, Brian
name: Madsen, Kristin
name: Perez, Kerstin
name: Rossland, Steven
name: Sazonov, Sergey
name: Zoglauer, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present measurements of the intensity of the Cosmic X-ray Background (CXB) with the NuSTAR telescope in the 3-20 keV energy range. Our method uses spatial modulation of the CXB signal on the NuSTAR detectors through the telescope's side aperture. Based on the NuSTAR observations of selected extragalactic fields with a total exposure of 7 Ms, we have estimated the CXB 3-20 keV flux to be 2.8E-11 erg/s/cm^2/deg^2, which is ~8 higher than measured with HEAO-1 and consistent with the INTEGRAL measurement. The inferred CXB spectral shape in the 3-20 keV energy band is consistent with the canonical model of Gruber et al. We demonstrate that the spatially modulated CXB signal measured by NuSTAR is not contaminated by systematic noise and is limited by photon statistics. The measured relative scatter of the CXB intensity between different sky directions is compatible with cosmic variance, which opens new possibilities for studying CXB anisotropy over the whole sky with NuSTAR.
description: 10 pages, 11 figures, 3 tables; Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Magnetocaloric and electrocaloric properties of the Hubbard pair cluster
Creators: name: Szałowski, K.
name: Balcerzak, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The paper contains the discussion of the magnetocaloric and electrocaloric effect in a model dimer (pair cluster). The system of interest is modelled with a Hubbard Hamiltonian including the external electric and magnetic field. The thermodynamics of such pair is described exactly, on the grounds of the grand canonical ensemble, focusing on the half-filling of energy states. The quantities of interest, such as magnetic entropy, magnetic specific heat as well as isothermal entropy change resulting from the variation of either electric or magnetic field and appropriate Grüneisen ratios are calculated and discussed in a wide range of external fields. The importance of singlet to triplet transition for the observed behaviour is emphasized. The ranges of direct and inverse caloric effects are found and the manifestations of the magnetoelectric phenomena are described. In particular, the tunability of the magnetocaloric effect with electric field as well as tunability of the electrocaloric effect with magnetic field are demonstrated.
Development of Measuring Technique of Start Combustion using Ion Current Measurement in a Controlled Reactivity Engine
Creators: name: Nuntapap N
Publisher: name: Division of research facilitation and dissemination Mahasarakham University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Ion Current
Start of Combustion and Controlled Reactivity Engine.

description: Research & Knowledge, 5, 1, 22-25
L'utilité de l'échelle opératique pour considérer des stratégies d'intelligence et de guerre économique
Creators: name: Goria, Stéphane
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Economics (econ.GN)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: The 20th century saw the emergence of an intermediate level of consideration, situated between the tactical and strategic levels: the operational level. This level of scale is that of a large area of operations, that is to say coordinated engagements bringing together forces belonging to different corps over a considerable geographical distance. In this article, we approach operatics and its implementation, called operative art or operational art, first from its contributions to military thinking, then we transpose what can be transposed beyond this domain. We consider operative art as a new point of view generating a particular thought and solutions based on agile systems, but which may have reached their limits. We will limit ourselves here to the question of the potential contributions of the operatic perspective to understand or implement a set of actions related to competitive or economic warfare. To do this, we will begin by providing some answers to the question of what operatic military is in terms of its characteristics. Then, we propose a way to transpose them in the context of companies preferably confronted with a context of competitive or economic warfare by taking as an example the acquisition of the essential activities of the company Alstom by the company General Electric (GE).
description: in French language
Confirming known planetary trends using a photometrically selected Kepler sample
Creators: name: Hansen, Jonah T.
name: Casagrande, Luca
name: Ireland, Michael J.
name: Lin, Jane
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Statistical studies of exoplanets and the properties of their host stars have been critical to informing models of planet formation. Numerous trends have arisen in particular from the rich Kepler dataset, including that exoplanets are more likely to be found around stars with a high metallicity and the presence of a "gap" in the distribution of planetary radii at 1.9$R_\oplus$. Here we present a new analysis on the Kepler field, using the APOGEE spectroscopic survey to build a metallicity calibration based on Gaia, 2MASS and Stromgren photometry. This calibration, along with masses and radii derived from a Bayesian isochrone fitting algorithm, is used to test a number of these trends with unbiased, photometrically derived parameters, albeit with a smaller sample size in comparison to recent studies. We recover that planets are more frequently found around higher metallicity stars; over the entire sample, planetary frequencies are $0.88\pm0.12$ percent for [Fe/H]<0 and $1.37\pm0.16$ percent for [Fe/H]$\geq$0 but at two sigma we find that the size of exoplanets influences the strength of this trend. We also recover the planet radius gap, along with a slight positive correlation with stellar mass. We conclude that this method shows promise to derive robust statistics of exoplanets. We also remark that spectrophotometry from Gaia DR3 will have an effective resolution similar to narrow band filters and allow to overcome the small sample size inherent in this study.
description: 11 Pages, 13 Figures, 4 Tables, resubmitted to MNRAS after addressing reviewer comments
Suzaku Results on Cygnus X-1 in the Low/Hard State
Creators: name: Makishima, Kazuo
name: Takahashi, Hiromitsu
name: Yamada, Shin'ya
name: Done, Chris
name: Kubota, Aya
name: Dotani, Tadayasu
name: Ebisawa, Ken
name: Itoh, Takeshi
name: Kitamoto, Shunji
name: Negoro, Hitoshi
name: Ueda, Yoshihiro
name: Yamaoka, Kazutaka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The black-hole binary Cygnus X-1 was observed for 17 ks with the Suzaku X-ray observatory in 2005 October, while it was in a low/hard state with a 0.7-300 keV luminosity of 4.6 x 10^37 erg/s. The XIS and HXD spectra, spanning 0.7-400 keV, were reproduced successfully incorporating a cool accretion disk and a hot Comptonizing corona. The corona is characterized by an electron temperature of ~100 keV, and two optical depths of ~0.4 and ~1.5 which account for the harder and softer continua, respectively. The disk has the innermost temperature of ~0.2 keV, and is thought to protrude half way into the corona. The disk not only provides seed photons to the Compton cloud, but also produces a soft spectral excess, a mild reflection hump, and a weakly broadened iron line. A comparison with the Suzaku data on GRO J1655-40 reveals several interesting spectral differences, which can mostly be attributed to inclination effects assuming that the disk has a flat geometry while the corona is grossly spherical. An intensity-sorted spectroscopy indicates that the continuum becomes less Comptonized when the source flares up on times scales of 1-200 s, while the underlying disk remains unchanged.
description: 21 pages, 12 figures, accepted for Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan
The representation of face identity in the human visual system : psychophysical investigations of face space and holistic processing
Creators: name: Susilo, Bagus Tirta
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: BF242.S87 2010
subject: Face perception
subject: Face Identification.
subject: Visual perception

description: The topic of the present thesis is the representation of face identity within the human visual system, framed within the widely used theoretical ideas of face space and holistic processing. The thesis investigates several questions regarding the properties of face space and holistic processing in four psychophysical studies. The first study examines coding sensitivity of attribute values (e.g., eye heights) along a trajectory in face space. Using face aftereffects and pairwise discrimination tasks, the primary result was of an equally sensitive representation of attribute values that are relatively common (e.g., typical eye heights) and of those that are relatively rare (e.g., unusual eye heights). The second study explores the extent to which face aftereffects tap a face space that is specific to upright faces. The major result was that, while both upright and inverted face aftereffects derive from opponent (norm-based) rather than multichannel (exemplar-based) coding, their origin differs qualitatively in that approximately half of the upright aftereffect was face-specific, while the inverted face aftereffect was almost entirely shape-generic. The third study asks whether holistic processing can be modulated by recent experience with a particular face type, specifically own-age faces. Using the composite task, results showed that holistic processing is stronger in children than adults for child faces. The final study assesses whether face space and holistic processing can remain normal in a case of developmental prosopagnosia. Results from a series of aftereffect experiments and multiple composite tasks indicated that despite lifelong impairment of face recognition, face space and holistic processing mechanisms can develop in a normal manner. Together, the findings of this thesis have broad implications for several topics; these include general coding principles used throughout the visual system, issues concerning coding and representation in face space, and the relationship between face space and holistic processing.
Lambda and mu-symmetries
Creators: name: Gaeta, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Lambda-symmetries of ODEs were introduced by Muriel and Romero, and discussed by C. Muriel in her talk at SPT2001. Here we provide a geometrical characterization of lambda-prolongations, and a generalization of these -- and of lambda-symmetries -- to PDEs and systems thereof.
Fast electron slowing-down and diffusion in a high temperature coronal X-ray source
Creators: name: Galloway, Ross K.
name: MacKinnon, Alexander L.
name: Kontar, Eduard P.
name: Helander, Per
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Finite thermal velocity modifications to electron slowing-down rates may be important for the deduction of solar flare total electron energy. Here we treat both slowing-down and velocity diffusion of electrons in the corona at flare temperatures, for the case of a simple, spatially homogeneous source. Including velocity diffusion yields a consistent treatment of both `accelerated' and `thermal' electrons. It also emphasises that one may not invoke finite thermal velocity target effects on electron lifetimes without simultaneously treating the contribution to the observed X-ray spectrum from thermal electrons. We present model calculations of the X-ray spectra resulting from injection of a power-law energy distribution of electrons into a source with finite temperature. Reducing the power-law distribution low-energy cutoff to lower and lower energies only increases the relative magnitude of the thermal component of the spectrum, because the lowest energy electrons simply join the background thermal distribution. Acceptable fits to RHESSI flare data are obtained using this model. These also demonstrate, however, that observed spectra may in consequence be acceptably consistent with rather a wide range of injected electron parameters.
description: 12 pages, 5 Postscript figures. To be published in Astronomy & Astrophysics
On Completeness of the Alexandrov Topology on a Spacetime: remarks and some corrections
Creators: name: Papadopoulos, Kyriakos
name: Kurt, Nazli
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We clarify and discuss a misunderstanding between uniform completeness and metric completeness, that has appeared in the literature in a study on the Alexandrov topology for a spacetime.
Angular naphthopyrones as antibacterial agents : investigations into the antibacterial activity of benzo[f]chromanones and related compounds
Creators: name: Ward, Simone A
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: QD400.W37 2009
subject: Heterocyclic compounds
subject: Antibacterial agents

description: Antibiotics have been hailed as one of medicine's greatest achievements, but the effectiveness of current drugs is waning. Chapter 1 introduces the need for novel antibacterials, current approaches towards drug discovery, and the suitability of benzo[f]chromanone as a scaffold for antibacterial drug development. A summary of synthetic methods for the preparation of benzo[f]chromanones IS presented in Chapter 2. The suitability of polyphosphoric acid (PPA) cyclisation methodology was investigated for the preparation of a library of benzo[f]chromanones. Of the 19 naphthalene-based compounds synthesized and characterised in Section 3.1, six were novel naphthopyrones ({u00B1})-84, ({u00B1})-85, ({u00B1})-103, ({u00B1})-112, ({u00B1})-113 and ({u00B1})-115) and two were novel naphthocyclopentanones ({u00B1})-96 and ({u00B1})-101). A reproducible synthetic route for the preparation of alkylated 2-hydroxy-benzo[f]chromanones was developed and described in Section 3.2. Through this route 2-hydroxybenzo[f]chromanones ({u00B1})-37 and ({u00B1})-136) were prepared and characterized. Other previously unreported compounds prepared via this route included two naphthofuranones (120, ({u00B1})-137), an epoxide ({u00B1})-135), and an a,13-unsaturated ketone (134). Section 3.3 details investigations into alternative synthetic routes for the preparation of 2-hydroxybenzo[f]chromanones. 30 Compounds prepared in this work were subjected to antibacterial testing. The results of the microbial assays are detailed in Section 3.4. The majority of the compounds tested were found to exhibit antibacterial activity towards Gram-positive bacteria, including Mycobacterium smegmatis, a non virulent model organism for M. tuberculosis. The compounds identified with the greatest zones of inhibition against M. smegmatis included the novel naphthofuranone 120, naphthocyclopentanone ({u00B1})-96 and a, 13-unsaturated ketone 79. These compounds represent leads in the development of drugs for the treatment for tuberculosis. The experimental details are provided in Chapter 4.
Dynamical quantum phase transition in a bosonic system with long-range interactions
Creators: name: Syed, Marvin
name: Enss, Tilman
name: Defenu, Nicolò
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we investigate the dynamical quantum phase transitions appearing in the Loschmidt echo and the time-dependent order parameter of a quantum system of harmonically coupled degenerate bosons as a function of the power-law decay $σ$ of long-range interactions. Following a sudden quench, the nonequilibrium dynamics of this system are governed by a set of nonlinear coupled Ermakov equations. To solve them, we develop an analytical approximation valid at late times. Based on this approximation, we show that the emergence of a dynamical quantum phase transition hinges on the generation of a finite mass gap following the quench, starting from a massless initial state. In general, we can define two distinct dynamical phases characterized by the finiteness of the post-quench mass gap. The Loschmidt echo exhibits periodical nonanalytic cusps whenever the initial state has a vanishing mass gap and the final state has a finite mass gap. These cusps are shown to coincide with the maxima of the time-dependent long-range correlations.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures