cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Hybrid simulation of foreshock waves and ion spectra and their linkage to cusp energetic ions
Creators: name: Wang, X.Y.
name: Lin, Y.
name: Chang, S.W.
Publisher: name: American Geophysical Union
Year: 2009

description: A three-dimensional global hybrid simulation is carried out to investigate energetic ions and electromagnetic waves in the quasi-parallel (Q-∥) bow shock and cusp for a typical interplanetary magnetic field configuration during the cusp energetic particle events. The bow shock, magnetosheath, and dayside magnetosphere form by interaction between the solar wind and geomagnetic dipole field. Ions of solar wind characteristics injected into the system evolve along with electromagnetic waves in a self-consistent manner. Several important features are yielded from the simulation. Solar wind ions are accelerated by the waves and turbulence at the bow shock and foreshock as indicated by the ion distribution. The shock-accelerated ions possess an exponential energy spectrum with their differential flux scaled by the field-aligned distance to the bow shock, consistent with satellite observations. Second, the compressive and transversal waves in the foreshock are strongly correlated with the diffuse ion dynamics. Third, energetic ions in the magnetosheath and cusp downstream from the Q-∥ shock also exhibit a spectrum similar to those at the shock. By tracing trajectories of cusp energetic ions in the simulation, the origin of these ions is revealed. Their source is predominantly associated with the Fermi acceleration at the Q-∥ shock and foreshock. Waves in the magnetosheath and cusp, as well as magnetic reconnection at the high-latitude magnetopause, are relatively insignificant in accelerating cusp energetic particles.
Rural Issues in the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland Common to United States
Creators: name: Commins, Patrick
name: Hamrick, Karen S.
name: Jansen, Anicca C.
name: Murphy, Kevin
name: Stenberg, Peter L.
name: Commins, Patrick
name: Hamrick, Karen S.
name: Jansen, Anicca C.
name: Murphy, Kevin
name: Stenberg, Peter L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development

description: Despite differences in history and geography, the United States and the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland share similarities in regard to rural development issues. These similarities include restructuring in the agricultural sector, rural outmigration, the need to develop alternative employment opportunities in rural areas, the need for coordination of effort by various agencies involved in rural development, and issues of funding and institutional organization.
Measurement of a Mixed Spin Channel Feshbach Resonance in Rubidium 87
Creators: name: Erhard, M.
name: Schmaljohann, H.
name: Kronjäger, J.
name: Bongs, K.
name: Sengstock, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the observation of a mixed spin channel Feshbach resonance at the low magnetic field value of (9.09 +/- 0.01) G for a mixture of |2,-1> and |1,+1> states in 87Rb. This mixture is important for applications of multi-component BECs of 87Rb, e.g. in spin mixture physics and for quantum entanglement. Values for position, height and width of the resonance are reported and compared to a recent theoretical calculation of this resonance.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures minor changes, actualized citations
Inhibition potential of natural flavonoids against selected omicron (B.1.19) mutations in the spike receptor binding domain of SARS-CoV-2: a molecular modeling approach
Creators: name: Kumar, Anuj
name: Dutt, Mansi
name: Dehury, Budheswar
name: Martinez, Gustavo Sganzerla
name: Swan, Cynthia L.
name: Kelvin, Alyson A.
name: Richardson, Christopher D.
name: Kelvin, David J.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: The omicron (B.1.19) variant of contagious severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is considered a variant of concern (VOC) due to its increased transmissibility and highly infectious nature. The spike receptor-binding domain (RBD) is a hotspot of mutations and is regarded as a prominent target for screening drug candidates owing to its crucial role in viral entry and immune evasion. To date, no effective therapy or antivirals have been reported; therefore, there is an urgent need for rapid screening of antivirals. An extensive molecular modelling study has been performed with the primary goal to assess the inhibition potential of natural flavonoids as inhibitors against RBD from a manually curated library. Out of 40 natural flavonoids, five natural flavonoids, namely tomentin A (−8.7 kcal/mol), tomentin C (−8.6 kcal/mol), hyperoside (−8.4 kcal/mol), catechin gallate (−8.3 kcal/mol), and corylifol A (−8.2 kcal/mol), have been considered as the top-ranked compounds based on their binding affinity and molecular interaction profiling. The state-of-the-art molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of these top-ranked compounds in complex with RBD exhibited stable dynamics and structural compactness patterns on 200 nanoseconds. Additionally, complexes of these molecules demonstrated favorable free binding energies and affirmed the docking and simulation results. Moreover, the post-simulation validation of these interacted flavonoids using principal component analysis (PCA) revealed stable interaction patterns with RBD. The integrated results suggest that tomentin A, tomentin C, hyperoside, catechin gallate, and corylifol A might be effective against the emerging variants of SARS-CoV-2 and should be further evaluated using in-vitro and in-vivo experiments.
Generation of dynamic pressure pulses downstream of the bow shock by variations in the interplanetary magnetic field orientation
Creators: name: Lin, Y.
name: Lee, L.C.
name: Yan, M.
Publisher: name: American Geophysical Union
Year: 1996

description: One-dimensional resistive MHD and hybrid simulations are carried out to study the manner by which variations of the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) direction generate dynamic pressure pulses in the magnetosheath. The reaction of the magnetosheath to the temporal IMF variation is modeled as the interaction between the bow shock (BS) and an interplanetary rotational discontinuity (RD), an Alfven wave pulse (AW), or an Alfven wave train. The resistive MHD simulation indicates that the arrival of an RD produces two time-dependent intermediate shocks (TDISs) and two slow shocks downstream of the bow shock, which propagate through the magnetosheath toward the Earth's magnetopause. An enhancement of plasma density is present throughout the TDISs and slow shocks. A plasma dynamic pressure pulse is formed in this region. In the hybrid simulation, the two TDISs are replaced by rotational discontinuities. For a bow shock with a shock normal angle Theta(Bn) > 45 degrees, the pulse in the dynamic pressure rho V-2 causes the the total pressure (P + B-2/2 mu(0) + rho V-2) in the magnetosheath to increases by about 0-100% of the background value. The strength of the pressure pulse increases with the field rotation angle across the incident rotational discontinuity, while it decreases with the Mach number or upstream plasma beta of the bow shock. The pressure pulse propagates toward the magnetopause with nearly a constant amplitude. On the other hand, the BS/AW interaction leads to the generation of Alfven waves downstream of the bow shock, and large-amplitude dynamic pressure pulses are generated in the downstream Alfven wave. Pressure pulses impinging on the magnetopause may produce magnetic impulse events (MIEs) observed in the high-latitude ionosphere.
Generalized Lattice Point Visibility
Creators: name: Benedetti, Carolina
name: Estupiñán, Santiago
name: Harris, Pamela E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: It is a well-known result that the proportion of lattice points visible from the origin is given by $\frac{1}{ζ(2)}$, where $ζ(s)=\sum_{n=1}^\infty\frac{1}{n^s}$ denotes the Riemann zeta function. Goins, Harris, Kubik and Mbirika, generalized the notion of lattice point visibility by saying that for a fixed $b\in\mathbb{N}$, a lattice point $(r,s)\in\mathbb{N}^2$ is $b$-visible from the origin if no other lattice point lies on the graph of a function $f(x)=mx^b$, for some $m\in\mathbb{Q}$, between the origin and $(r,s)$. In their analysis they establish that for a fixed $b\in\mathbb{N}$, the proportion of $b$-visible lattice points is $\frac{1}{ζ(b+1)}$, which generalizes the result in the classical lattice point visibility setting. In this short note we give an $n$-dimensional notion of $\bf{b}$-visibility that recovers the one presented by Goins et. al. in $2$-dimensions, and the classical notion in $n$-dimensions. We prove that for a fixed ${\bf{b}}=(b_1,b_2,\ldots,b_n)\in\mathbb{N}^n$ the proportion of ${\bf{b}}$-visible lattice points is given by $\frac{1}{ζ(\sum_{i=1}^nb_i)}$. Moreover, we propose a $\bf{b}$-visibility notion for vectors $\bf{b}\in \mathbb{Q}_{>0}^n$, and we show that by imposing weak conditions on those vectors one obtains that the density of ${\bf{b}}=(\frac{b_1}{a_1},\frac{b_2}{a_2},\ldots,\frac{b_n}{a_n})\in\mathbb{Q}_{>0}^n$-visible points is $\frac{1}{ζ(\sum_{i=1}^nb_i)}$. Finally, we give a notion of visibility for vectors $\bf{b}\in (\mathbb{Q}^{*})^n$, compatible with the previous notion, that recovers the results of Harris and Omar for $b\in \mathbb{Q}^{*}$ in $2$-dimensions; and show that the proportion of $\bf{b}$-visible points in this case only depends on the negative entries of $\bf{b}$.
Спогади про Другу світову війну Борисової Неоніли Тимофіївни
Creators: name: Тетяна Борисова
name: Borysov, Artem
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: History

description: Спогади про Другу світову війну Борисової Неоніли Тимофіївни. Корсунський часопис. 2019. №34. с.61-65.
Primordial and asymptotic inflation in Brans-Dicke cosmology
Creators: name: Arik, M.
name: Calik, M. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The basic motivation of this work is to attempt to explain the rapid primordial inflation and the observed slow late-time inflation by using the Brans-Dicke theory of gravity. We show that the ratio of these two inflation parameters is proportional to the square root of the Brans-Dicke parameter $% ω$ $(ω\gg1) $. We also calculate the Hubble parameter $% H$ and the time variation of the time dependent Newtonian gravitational constant $G$ for both regimes. The variation of the Hubble parameter predicted by Brans-Dicke cosmology is shown to be consistent with recent measurements: The value of $H$ in the late-time future is predicted as 0.86 times the present value of $H$.
description: 7 pages, no figures
New infrastructure for harmonized longitudinal data with MIDUS and DDI
Creators: name: Iverson, Jeremy
name: Radler, Barry
name: Smith, Dan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014

description: Researchers wishing to use data from longitudinal studies or to replicate other's research must currently navigate thousands of variables across multiple waves and datasets to answer simple analysis questions. A tool that allows researchers to create documented and citable data extracts that are directly related to their queries would allow more time to be spent on public health research questions instead of data management. MIDUS (Midlife in the United States) is a national longitudinal study of approximately 10,000 Americans designed to study aging as an integrated biopsychosocial process. The study has a unique blend of social, health, and biomarker data collected over several decades. In late 2013, the the United States National Institutes of Health funded MIDUS to create a DDI-based, harmonized data extraction system. This tool will facilitate identification and harmonization of similar MIDUS variables, while enhancing the MIDUS online repository with a data extract function. This will accomplish something unprecedented: the ability to obtain customized cross-project downloads of harmonized MIDUS data that are DDI-compliant. Doing so will greatly enhance efficient and effective public use of the large longitudinal and multi-disciplinary datasets that comprise the MIDUS study. This session will discuss project background and demonstrate the current state of the software.
Thalaina selenaea Doubleday 1845
Creators: name: Young, Catherine J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2006
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Geometridae
Thalaina
Thalaina selenaea

description: Thalaina selenaea Doubleday (Figs 377–383)
(type species)
Oviposition
6♀ code nos.: G7, G42, G51, G66, G126, G422
Oviposition period: 3 Feb.–15 May
Batch size: 24.3 ± 2.7 range: 3–40 (n = 16)
Mean realised fecundity: 64.7 ± 17.2 (range): 15–127
Incubation time (days) (n = 5): 17–31(on moistening)
 Batch configuration and attachment: Attached, singly or small groups (Fig. 377).
 Colour: Light green becoming light brown and progressively darker, anterior pole milky white, and greyish brown on maturity (Fig. 377).
 Size (mm): (n=18) L=1.04 ± 0.02, W= 0.88 ± 0.01, T=0.62 ± 0.02
Width/length: 0.84
No. of females: 4
 Aeropylar opening size (m) (n=5): L=3.11 ± 0.14, W=2.00 ± 0.08
Relative aeropylar opening size: 2.8
 Micropyles: Indistinct (Figs 378 & 379)
No. of openings: 5
No. of cells in rosette: 8
No. of rows of cells in micropylar area:>7
 Shape: Broad, bluntly ovoid; anterior pole truncated; posterior pole sub­acute; flattened dorso­ventrally; wedge­shaped laterally; anterior pole angled to horizontal axis (Figs 377, 378, 380 & 381).
 Characteristics: Egg marked on all surfaces by convex, hexagonal cells with narrow recessed walls (Figs 378, 380, 381, 382 & 383). Aeropyles, inconspicuous, openings moderately small, non­elevated (Fig. 383), except elevated on perimeter of anterior pole (Fig. 378); present on all surfaces except middle of top of egg; latter area with irregularly spaced pores (Fig. 382). Micropyles indistinct, off­centred (Fig. 378). Chorion smooth (Figs 382 & 383), dimpled on anterior pole (Fig. 379). Shoulders of anterior pole rolled (Fig. 378).
description: Published as part of Young, Catherine J., 2006, Descriptions of the eggs of some southern Australian Geometridae (Lepidoptera), pp. 1-294 in Zootaxa 1287 on pages 1-294
Спогади про Другу світову війну Борисової Неоніли Тимофіївни
Creators: name: Тетяна Борисова
name: Вадим Борисов
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: History

description: Спогади про Другу світову війну Борисової Неоніли Тимофіївни. Корсунський часопис. 2019. №34. с.61-65.
title: Correlation between the slump parameters and rheological parameters of debris-flow
Creators: name: Jan, Chyan-Deng
name: Yang, Chih-Yuan
name: Hsu, Ciao-Kai
name: Dey, Litan
Publisher: name: Mountain Scholar
Year: 2019
Subjects: slump test
Bingham model
rheological parameters
slump parameters

description: Rheological characteristics are important information for understanding or simulating debris-flow movement. Debris-flow movements involves complex and heterogeneous material with grain size distributions ranging from silt to large rocks. Conventional rheometers are usually limited to measure the rheological parameters of debris-flow of fine particles. Slump-tests has been used to evaluate the flow behaviour of fresh concretes which allow the tested concrete slurries to have larger particles. In this study, the relationship between the parameters obtained from rheometer measurements and slump tests for debris-flow slurries with/without big particles were investigated. At the initial stage, we used fine-sediment slurries to conduct rheological experiments to find the relationship between the parameters obtained from the rheometer measurements and slump tests. The rheological parameters of slurries were measured using the ‘Brookfield DV-III rheometer’. The rheological behavior of the slurry samples used in this study follow the Bingham fluid model. Rheological parameters (i.e., yield stress and viscosity) are affected by the concentration of slurry, indicating that the higher the concentration, the greater the value of the rheological parameters. Slump test was then conducted using the same material samples prepared for rheometer test and the slumped height and spreading diameter of the tested sample were measured. The result shows that the slump height ratio and spreading ratio of the tested slurry decrease with the increase of slurry sediment concentration. Experimental sediment slurry samples were prepared by mixing coarse sands of about 1 mm in diameter. Our results show that the parameters obtained by rheometer measurements are closely related with those by slump tests for the slurries used in this study, indicating that there is a high potential to evaluate rheological parameters of debris-flow using a slump test as an alternative method.
Investigation of the impact of R273H and R273C mutations on the DNA binding domain of P53 protein through molecular dynamic simulation
Creators: name: R., Hephzibah Cathryn
name: C., George Priya Doss
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: The P53 protein, a cancer-associated transcriptional factor and tumor suppressor, houses a Zn2+ ion in its DNA-binding domain (DBD), essential for sequence-specific DNA binding. However, common mutations at position 273, specifically from Arginine to Histidine and Cysteine, lead to a loss of function as a tumor suppressor, also called DNA contact mutations. The mutant (MT) P53 structure cannot stabilize DNA due to inadequate interaction. To investigate the conformational changes, we performed a comparative molecular dynamic simulation (MDS) to study the effect of the P53-Wildtype (P53-WT) and the DNA contact mutations (R273H and R273C) on the DBD. Our research indicated that the DNA binding bases lose Hydrogen bonds (H bonds) when mutated to P53-R273H and P53-R273C during the simulation. We employed tools, such as PDIviz to highlight the contacts with DNA bases and backbone, major and minor grooves, and various pharmacophore forms of atoms. The contact maps for R273H and R273C were generated using the COZOID tool, which displayed changes in the frequency of the amino acids and DNA bases interaction in the DNA binding domain. These residues have diminished interactions, and the zinc-binding domain shows significant movements by Zn2+ ion binding to the phosphate group of the DNA, moving away from its binding sites. In conclusion, our research suggests that R273H and R273C each have unique stability and self-assembly properties. This understanding might assist researchers in better comprehending the function of the p53 protein and its importance in cancer.
EUV emissions from solar wind charge exchange in the Earth's magnetosheath: Three-dimensional global hybrid simulation
Creators: name: He, Fei
name: Zhang, Xiao-Xin
name: Wang, Xue-Yi
name: Chen, Bo
Publisher: name: American Geophysical Union
Year: 2015

description: In this paper, a three-dimensional (3-D) global hybrid simulation code and a 3-D geocoronal hydrogen model are used to systematically study the extreme ultraviolet (EUV) emissions at 30.4nm produced by solar wind charge exchange (SWCX) in the Earth's magnetosheath, associated with different solar wind-interplanetary magnetic field (SW-IMF) conditions and different imaging perspectives. We have found that the EUV emission intensities in the magnetosheath are highly variable from several mR to similar to 1200 mR and increase with the flow speed, the density, the temperature, and the He2+/H+ density ratio of the solar wind; the northward IMF leads to a minimum emission in the magnetosheath, whereas the southward IMF generates a maximum emission; with the increase of the magnitude of IMF, the emission pattern in the nightside splits from single field-aligned shape into a butterfly shape around the magnetic equator; and the EUV emissions vary with the imaging positions, reflecting different latitudinal and longitudinal information of the magnetosheath. It is noted that the SWCX EUV emissions in the magnetosheath for highly disturbed solar wind conditions should be considered in processing the Moon-based plasmaspheric EUV images. We suggest that EUV imaging of the global magnetosheath requires an EUV imager with large field-of-view, high-sensitivity, large dynamic range, and low intrinsic dark count rate. This investigation could provide us with an overall understanding on SWCX EUV emissions in the magnetosheath which can potentially be used to image the global magnetosheath to study the solar wind-magnetosphere coupling in the future.
Synthesis and characterization of biocompatible poly (L-lactide) using zinc (II) salen complex
Creators: name: Rade, Priyanka P.
name: Baijayantimala Garnaik
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: A biocompatible zinc (II) complex based on a tetradentate N,N,O,O-type salen ligand was synthesized, characterized and used for the solvent-free ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of L-lactide in bulk at 180 °C to prepare high molecular weight poly(L-lactide) (Mn: 82,600 Da; Mw: 140,000 Da; PDI: 1.70). Poly(L-lactide) (PLLA) was characterized using FTIR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, GPC, TGA, DSC, WAXD, and MALDI-ToF. Kinetic measurement was carried out and first-order behavior to monomer was observed. The kapp was found as 6 ± 0.001 × 10−4 s−1. The biocompatibility of the PLLA was confirmed by in vitro cytotoxicity against NIH/3T3 fibroblast cell line and can be used in biomedical applications.
Teaching data literacy skills in a lab environment
Creators: name: Coates, Heather
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014

description: Equipping researchers with the skills to effectively utilize data in the global data ecosystem requires proficiency with data literacies and electronic resource management. This is a valuable opportunity for libraries to leverage existing expertise and infrastructure to address a significant gap data literacy education. This session will describe a workshop for developing core skills in data literacy. In light of the significant gap between common practice and effective strategies emerging from specific research communities, we incorporated elements of a lab format to build proficiency with specific strategies. The lab format is traditionally used for training procedural skills in a controlled setting, which is also appropriate for teaching many daily data management practices. The focus of the curriculum is to teach data management strategies that support data quality, transparency, and re-use. Given the variety of data formats and types used in health and social sciences research, we adopted a skills-based approach that transcends particular domains or methodologies. Attendees applied selected strategies using a combination of their own research projects and a carefully defined case study to build proficiency.
A microdata computation centre for de-centralized data sources
Creators: name: Schiller, David
name: Burghardt, Anja
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014

description: The European Data without Boundaries (DwB) project proposes a Remote Access Network (Eu-RAN) to access confidential microdata from different sources. A central service hub within Eu-RAN should host different services that support researchers and research projects. One of the attached services is a Microdata Computation Centre (MiCoCe). It is made to enable analysis of distributed data sources. Due to data security reasons, some of the most interesting data must stay physically in the facilities of the data owner. At the same time, there is an increasing demand on analysing data from different European sources simultaneously. The challenge is therefore twofold: enable analysis with distributed data sources while fulfilling the requirement of not moving the data. This talk will present the outcomes of a workshop held in Nuremberg, Germany, that focused on this topic. Data managers, IT-experts and statisticians discussed approaches that could support scientific research with decentralized data sources. Solutions come from the areas of grid computing, federated databases, statistical modelling and so forth. Having a service like the MiCoCe would enable the use of already available data sources in Europe and in addition make access to Big Data sources possible.
Effects of Electron Correlations and Chemical Pressures on Superconductivity of $β^{\prime\prime}$-type Organic Compounds
Creators: name: Imajo, S.
name: Akutsu, H.
name: Akutsu-Sato, A.
name: Morritt, A. L.
name: Martin, L.
name: Nakazawa, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate low-temperature electronic states of the series of organic conductors $β^{\prime\prime}$-(BEDT-TTF)$_4$[(H$_3$O)M(C$_2$O$_4$)$_3$]G, where BEDT-TTF is bis(ethylenedithio)tetrathiafulvalene, and M and G represent trivalent metal ions and guest organic molecules, respectively. Our structural analyses reveal that the replacement of M and G give rise to systematic change in the cell parameters, especially in the $b$-axis length, which has positive correlation with the superconducting transition temperature $T_{\rm c}$. Analyses of temperature and magnetic field dependences of the electrical resistance including the Shubnikov-de Haas oscillations elucidates that the variation of charge disproportionation, effective mass and the number of itinerant carriers, can be systematically explained by the change of the $b$-axis length. The changes of the transfer integrals induced by stretching/compressing the $b$-axis are confirmed by the band calculation. We discuss that electron correlations in quarter-filled electronic bands lead to charge disproportionation and the possibility of a novel pairing mechanism of superconductivity mediated by charge degrees of freedom.
description: 7 pages, 8 figures
Migrants Settling Far and Wide in the Rural West
Creators: name: Cromartie, John B.
name: Wardwell, John M.
name: Cromartie, John B.
name: Wardwell, John M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development
Public Economics

description: The West led a rebound in nonmetro population growth from the mid-1980’s through the early 1990’s, caused mostly by changing patterns of net migration. Growth rates in the West have remained above other areas since 1970, but have fluctuated over time and shifted geographically. Scenic settings accessible to metro areas continued to attract a disproportionate share of new residents, but record numbers of recent migrants chose more sparsely settled and isolated areas with fewer natural amenities. The costs as well as the benefits of population-related development are being felt in a broader cross-section of rural places.
Double-EIT ground-state laser cooling without blue-sideband heating
Creators: name: Evers, Joerg
name: Keitel, Christoph H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss a laser cooling scheme for trapped atoms or ions which is based on double electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) and makes use of a four-level atom in tripod configuration. The additional fourth atomic state is coupled by a strong coupling laser field to the usual three-level setup of single-EIT cooling. This effectively allows to create two EIT structures in the absorption spectrum of the system to be cooled, which may be controlled by the coupling laser field parameters to cancel both the carrier- and the blue-sideband excitations. In leading order of the Lamb-Dicke expansion, this suppresses all heating processes. As a consequence, the double-EIT scheme can be used to lower the cooling limit by almost two powers of the Lamb-Dicke parameter as compared to single-EIT cooling.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures
Amenities Increasingly Draw People to the Rural West
Creators: name: Rudzitis, Gundars
name: Rudzitis, Gundars
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development
Public Economics

description: Recent migrants to the rural West increasingly cite both physical and social environment amenities as reasons why they moved. Jobrelated reasons are cited by only about 30 percent of the respondents in two surveys. People want to see greater environmental stewardship of the Federal lands surrounding their communities, and these sentiments do not vary greatly by rural/urban location, length of residency, occupation, or other demographic characteristics. The survey results suggest a need to incorporate noneconomic factors more directly into regional development theories and their applications.
Net exchanges of CO2, CH4, and N2O between China's terrestrial ecosystems and the atmosphere and their contributions to global climate warming
Creators: name: Tian, Hanqin
name: Xu, Xiaofeng
name: Lu, Chaoqun
name: Liu, Mingliang
name: Ren, Wei
name: Chen, Guangsheng
name: Melillo, Jerry
name: Liu, Jiyuan
Publisher: name: American Geophysical Union
Year: 2011

description: China's terrestrial ecosystems have been recognized as an atmospheric CO2 sink; however, it is uncertain whether this sink can alleviate global warming given the fluxes of CH4 and N2O. In this study, we used a process-based ecosystem model driven by multiple environmental factors to examine the net warming potential resulting from net exchanges of CO2, CH4, and N2O between China's terrestrial ecosystems and the atmosphere during 1961-2005. In the past 45 years, China's terrestrial ecosystems were found to sequestrate CO2 at a rate of 179.3 Tg C yr(-1) with a 95% confidence range of (62.0 Tg C yr(-1), 264.9 Tg C yr(-1)) while emitting CH4 and N2O at rates of 8.3 Tg C yr(-1) with a 95% confidence range of (3.3 Tg C yr(-1), 12.4 Tg C yr(-1)) and 0.6 Tg N yr(-1) with a 95% confidence range of (0.2 Tg N yr(-1), 1.1 Tg N yr(-1)), respectively. When translated into global warming potential, it is highly possible that China's terrestrial ecosystems mitigated global climate warming at a rate of 96.9 Tg CO(2)eq yr(-1) (1 Tg = 10(12) g), substantially varying from a source of 766.8 Tg CO(2)eq yr(-1) in 1997 to a sink of 705.2 Tg CO(2)eq yr(-1) in 2002. The southeast and northeast of China slightly contributed to global climate warming; while the northwest, north, and southwest of China imposed cooling effects on the climate system. Paddy land, followed by natural wetland and dry cropland, was the largest contributor to national warming potential; forest, followed by woodland and grassland, played the most significant role in alleviating climate warming. Our simulated results indicate that CH4 and N2O emissions offset approximately 84.8% of terrestrial CO2 sink in China during 1961-2005. This study suggests that the relieving effects of China's terrestrial ecosystems on climate warming through sequestering CO2 might be gradually offset by increasing N2O emission, in combination with CH4 emission.
Systematic investigations of positive-parity doublet bands with three-quasiparticle configurations in $^{125,127,129,131}$Cs
Creators: name: Guo, Rui
name: Sun, Wu-Ji
name: Li, Jian
name: Yang, Dong
name: Liu, Yonghao
name: Ru, Chengkun
name: Chi, Jihuai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The experimental features of positive-parity doublet bands in the odd-\emph{A} cesium isotopes $^{125,127,129,131}$Cs, including angular momentum alignment, energy staggering, $B(M1)/B(E2)$ etc. are studied systematically and compared to those of the candidate chiral bands in the adjacent odd-odd Cs isotopes. The configuration assignments and the dynamics of these bands are discussed. The self-consistent tilted axis cranking relativistic mean-field calculations are performed with configuration reassigned to these bands. The experimental level schemes of four nuclei are well reproduced, and the calculations also show four nuclei have obvious triaxial deformations and thus support the candidate chiral doublet bands in $^{125,127,129,131}$Cs.
description: 18 pages, 10 figures
Stibaroma melanotoxa Guest 1887
Creators: name: Young, Catherine J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2006
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Geometridae
Stibaroma
Stibaroma melanotoxa

description: Stibaroma melanotoxa Guest (Figs 384–391)
(type species)
Oviposition
4♀ code nos.: G19, G71, G76, G81
Oviposition period: 6 Apr.–24 May
Batch size range: 20–50 (n = 4)
Realised fecundity (range): 20–50
 Note: McFarland (1988) reported 200 eggs from one female
Incubation time (days): 31 (on moistening)
 Note: McFarland (1988) reported that moisture was not required for eclosion.
 Batch configuration and attachment: Attached, large groups (Fig. 384)
 Note: Eggs reared by McFarland (1988) were laid in long rows. However McFarland noted that the species he described was most likely a mixture of S. melanotoxa and an undescribed species thus oviposition behaviour may vary between species.
 Colour: Olive green, lustrous, becoming light chocolate brown and coppery brown on maturity (Figs 384 & 385).
 Size (mm): (n=13) L = 0.91 ± 0.02, W=0.67 ± 0.02, T=0.56 ± 0.01
Width/length: 0.74
No. of females: 1
 Aeropylar opening size (m) (n=5): L=2.66 ± 0.17, W=2.45 ± 0.13
Relative aeropylar opening size: 2.4
 Micropyles: Indistinct (Figs 386 & 387)
No. of openings: obscure
No. of cells in rosette: 10
No. of rows of cells in micropylar area: 2
 Shape: Moderately broad, bluntly ovoid, anterior pole truncated, flattened dorsoventrally, anterior pole slightly angled to horizontal axis (Figs 384–386 & 388).
 Characteristics: Egg marked on all surfaces by generally rounded, concave, hexagonal cells with broad elevated walls forming a mesh­like network over egg (Figs 386, 388, 389 & 391), irregularly shaped in middle of top wide side of egg (Fig. 391). Aeropyles elevated, openings small (Fig. 390) present on narrow lateral sides, posterior pole, perimeter of anterior pole (Fig. 391). Micropyles off­centred (Fig. 386). Chorion smooth, undulating (Fig 390).
description: Published as part of Young, Catherine J., 2006, Descriptions of the eggs of some southern Australian Geometridae (Lepidoptera), pp. 1-294 in Zootaxa 1287 on pages 1-294
Jobs Follow People in the Rural Rocky Mountain West
Creators: name: Vias, Alexander C.
name: Vias, Alexander C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development
Labor and Human Capital

description: Over the past 25 years, employment growth has followed population growth in the Rocky Mountain West. The allure of amenities to potential migrants and employers, especially for counties rich in pristine natural landscapes, has increased over time. As with other U.S. nonmetro counties, the service and trade sectors now dominate employment in the Rocky Mountains.
Migrants to Oregon in the 1990’s Working Age, Near-Retirees, and Retirees Make Different Destination Choices
Creators: name: Judson, Dean H.
name: Reynolds-Scanlon, Sue
name: Popoff, Carole L.
name: Judson, Dean H.
name: Reynolds-Scanlon, Sue
name: Popoff, Carole L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development
Public Economics

description: The rate of inmigration is high in Western States; hence, the characteristics of the inmigrants are of great policy interest for both communities and States. Younger families need different services than older retirees and near-retirees, while middle-aged professional and managerial workers need still different services. Different regions in Oregon attract dramatically different kinds of migrants: metro areas attract young professionals, some retirement/recreation areas attract the often-wealthy “near-retirees,” and still other retirement/recreation areas attract older retirees. Migrants who move primarily for quality-of-life reasons are willing to absorb substantial declines in income to do so, while migrants who move for job-related reasons will accept little or no income decline.
Assign_v2: a novel bonded-force field parameterization software for square planar palladium molecular dynamics simulations
Creators: name: Kurt, Barış
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: In the present study, a requisite bonded force field for conducting molecular dynamics simulations of palladium compounds was derived utilizing a novel technique termed the “numbering system,” implemented through a program named assign.py. A significant challenge in deriving a bonded force field for square-planar palladium compounds emanates from their cis-trans characteristics, whereby the bond angles of identical atoms diverge across different compounds due to the presence of cis and trans isomers. To navigate this challenge, atoms surrounding the palladium were assigned numerical identifiers; consecutively numbered neighboring atoms were designated as “cis,” while atoms alternately numbered were regarded as “trans” relative to each other. Through the employment of the newly developed assign.py program, atoms common to GAFF were automatically assigned, facilitating the seamless integration of GAFF with the newly derived force field for cis and trans configurations. The tested innovative force field demonstrated results in close proximity to experimental findings. This research introduced two novel elements: firstly, a comparatively extensive force field was derived for palladium compounds, enabling the simulation of the previously non-simulable square planar geometry of palladium. Secondly, new software, assign.py, was developed, capable of amalgamating “numbering system atom types” with GAFF atom types into a unified force field. Conclusive tests within the study affirmed that the innovative bonded force field and technique utilizing the assign.py program was successful, simulating the square-planar geometry of palladium in a manner highly congruent with the experimental geometry. The program, licensed under Apache2, can be accessed via the following link: https://github.com/bkurt00/palladiumFF2/blob/main/assign_v2/assign_v2.py
Regionale Vermarktung von Milch und Milcherzeugnissen - Eine Übersicht
Creators: name: Knuck, Janina
name: Weber, Sascha A
name: Knuck, Janina
name: Weber, Sascha A
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Production Economics
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Hofmolkerei
subject: Direktvermarktung
subject: Regionalvermarktung
subject: Diversifizierung
subject: Experteninterviews
subject: Handlungsempfehlungen
subject: on-farm dairy
subject: direct marketing
subject: regional marketing
subject: diversification
subject: expert interviews
subject: recommendations for action

description: The market price crises of 2009 2012 and 2015, with very low producer prices in some cases, seriously struck many dairy farms and posed a threat to their further existence. To reduce such negative impacts of market developments (risk management), regional marketing is being discussed as a possible instrument, also for dairy farms. However, regional processing and marketing of dairy farms has so far received little scientific attention, in contrast to other agricultural products. There are almost no findings on which factors influence the economic success of regional processing and marketing of dairy farms. The first step is to fill in this knowledge gap. In a second step, the suitability of regional marketing of dairy products as a risk management for dairy farms can be assessed. This paper focuses on the first step of the research. The official statistics provide limited information on the regional processing and marketing of dairy products by dairy farms. The relevant information had to be collected by ourselves. As part of this research, a total of 13 farm advisors and farm managers of dairy farms were interviewed as experts. Based on the findings, the factors influencing the economic success of regionally processing and marketing dairy farms can be grouped into two categories: intra-farm and extra-farm factors. The first ones include the farm manager, the family, workload, preparation and planning, marketing and distribution channels. The external factors include the staff, the location, the county veterinary authority, the consumers and the external dairy. For example, the initial economic situation of the dairy farm, the preparation and planning of the new business branch and, of course, the farm manager himself play a significant role in success. It also becomes apparent that the location, especially with regard to the federal state, canhave a crucial influence. This is because of varying regulations for the establishment and operation of regional dairy processing and marketing, as well as different offers of advice and funding schemes.
description: DOI:10.3220/WP1610633478000
Vehicle-group-based Crash Risk Prediction and Interpretation on Highways
Creators: name: Zhu, Tianheng
name: Wang, Ling
name: Feng, Yiheng
name: Ma, Wanjing
name: Abdel-Aty, Mohamed
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Previous studies in predicting crash risks primarily associated the number or likelihood of crashes on a road segment with traffic parameters or geometric characteristics, usually neglecting the impact of vehicles' continuous movement and interactions with nearby vehicles. Recent technology advances, such as Connected and Automated Vehicles (CAVs) and Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) are able to collect high-resolution trajectory data, which enables trajectory-based risk analysis. This study investigates a new vehicle group (VG) based risk analysis method and explores risk evolution mechanisms considering VG features. An impact-based vehicle grouping method is proposed to cluster vehicles into VGs by evaluating their responses to the erratic behaviors of nearby vehicles. The risk of a VG is aggregated based on the risk between each vehicle pair in the VG, measured by inverse Time-to-Collision (iTTC). A Logistic Regression and a Graph Neural Network (GNN) are then employed to predict VG risks using aggregated and disaggregated VG information. Both methods achieve excellent performance with AUC values exceeding 0.93. For the GNN model, GNNExplainer with feature perturbation is applied to identify critical individual vehicle features and their directional impact on VG risks. Overall, this research contributes a new perspective for identifying, predicting, and interpreting traffic risks.
description: 13 pages, 12 figures; vehicle grouping method updated, explainable GNN framework incorporated
Analysis of Spherical Monofractal and Multifractal Random Fields
Creators: name: Leonenko, Nikolai
name: Nanayakkara, Ravindi
name: Olenko, Andriy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 60G60, 28A80, 60K40, 83F05

description: The Rényi function plays an important role in the analysis of multifractal random fields. For random fields on the sphere, there are three models in the literature where the Rényi function is known explicitly. The theoretical part of the article presents multifractal random fields on the sphere and develops specific models where the Rényi function can be computed explicitly. Then these results are applied to the Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation data collected from the Planck mission. The main statistical model used to describe these data in the literature is isotropic Gaussian fields. We present numerical multifractality studies and methodology based on simulating random fields, computing the Rényi function and the multifractal spectrum for different scenarios and actual CMB data.
description: 35 pages, 8 figures
Aphantes melanochorda Turner 1919
Creators: name: Young, Catherine J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2006
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Geometridae
Aphantes
Aphantes melanochorda

description: Aphantes melanochorda Turner (Figs 392–398)
(type species)
Oviposition
1♀ Code no.: G57
Date of oviposition: 24 Apr.
Batch size: 10 (n = 1)
Realised fecundity: 10
Incubation time (days): 21
 Batch configuration and attachment: Loose
 Colour: Very pale yellow to green, becoming pale orange with orange flecks (Fig. 392).
 Size (mm): (n=5) L =0.55 ± 0.01 W =0.50 ± 0.02, T =0.48 ± 0.00
Width/length: 0.92
No. of females: 1
 Aeropylar opening size (m) (n=5): L=6.3 ± 0.21, W=5.4 ± 0.29
Relative aeropylar opening size: 10.6
 Micropyles: Distinct (Figs 393 & 394)
No. of openings: 4
No. of cells in rosette: 9
No. of rows of cells in micropylar area: 2
 Shape: Very broad, bluntly ovoid, anterior pole truncated, slightly wider than posterior pole, polar profile circular, not dorso­ventrally flattened (Figs 392, 393 & 395).
 Characteristics: Egg conspicuously marked with hexagonal cells with flat to slightly concave floors (Figs 393, 395 & 396), aeropyles on all egg surfaces (Figs 393–395). Cell walls moderately wide, moderately elevated, double­ridged; walls narrow, slightly elevated (Figs 393–397), single­ridged in micropylar area (Fig. 394). Aeropyles elevated, domed, openings extremely large (Figs 393–398). Chorion rough due to dense, irregular pitting (Fig. 397).
description: Published as part of Young, Catherine J., 2006, Descriptions of the eggs of some southern Australian Geometridae (Lepidoptera), pp. 1-294 in Zootaxa 1287 on pages 1-294