cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The fundamental parameters of the roAp star 10 Aql
Creators: name: Perraut, K.
name: Borgniet, S.
name: Cunha, M.
name: Bigot, L.
name: Brandão, I.
name: Mourard, D.
name: Nardetto, N.
name: Chesneau, O.
name: McAlister, H.
name: Brummelaar, T. A. ten
name: Sturmann, J.
name: Sturmann, L.
name: Turner, N.
name: Farrington, C.
name: Goldfinger, P. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Due to the strong magnetic field and related abnormal surface layers existing in rapidly oscillating Ap stars, systematic errors are likely to be present when determining their effective temperatures, which potentially compromises asteroseismic studies of these pulsators. Using long-baseline interferometry, our goal is to determine accurate angular diameters of a number of roAp targets to provide a temperature calibration for these stars. We obtained interferometric observations of 10 Aql with the visible spectrograph VEGA at the CHARA array. We determined a limb-darkened angular diameter of 0.275+/-0.009 mas and deduced a linear radius of 2.32+/-0.09 R_sun. We estimated the star's bolometric flux and used it, in combination with its parallax and angular diameter, to determine the star's luminosity and effective temperature. For two data sets of bolometric flux we derived an effective temperature of 7800+/-170 K and a luminosity of 18+/-1 L_sun or of 8000+/-210 K and 19+/-2 L_sun. We used these fundamental parameters together with the large frequency separation to constrain the mass and the age of 10 Aql, using the CESAM stellar evolution code. Assuming a solar chemical composition and ignoring all kinds of diffusion and settling of elements, we obtained a mass of 1.92 M_sun and an age of 780 Gy or a mass of 1.95 M_sun and an age of 740 Gy, depending on the considered bolometric flux. For the first time, we managed to determine an accurate angular diameter for a star smaller than 0.3 mas and to derive its fundamental parameters. In particular, by only combining our interferometric data and the bolometric flux, we derived an effective temperature that can be compared to those derived from atmosphere models. Such fundamental parameters can help for testing the mechanism responsible for the excitation of the oscillations observed in the magnetic pulsating stars.
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 30.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 05.02.1998, 08:30, erstellt von Sergio Cortesi
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1998

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 3.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
‘Follow sourcing’ and the transplantation and localization of Korean electronics corporations in northern Vietnam
Creators: name: Koo, Yangmi
name: Kim, Seonghun
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Developmental Biology

description: This study examines the transplantation of clusters through ‘follow sourcing’ of Korean electronics industry transnational corporations (TNCs), their suppliers and individual actors in northern Vietnam, and the ways in which geographical and organizational proximity generate spillovers to local enterprises. Advanced manufacturing facilities, relationships with suppliers and training programmes give rise to direct and indirect learning and improvements in skills and technological capabilities. Transplanted clusters via follow sourcing and localization can serve as an intermediate stage between an externally controlled satellite cluster and an advanced cluster and they afford another latecomer development path to the Chinese model of ‘obligated embeddedness’.
Boosting Participation in Academic Commons: The Results of an Outreach Campaign by CDRS and the Arts and Sciences Divisional Deans
Creators: name: Pope, Kathryn H.
name: Williams, Leyla S.
name: Nurnberger, Amy L.
name: Luna Lucero, Brian
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: Library science

description: In spring 2015, the Faculty of Arts and Sciences (FAS) Divisional Deans and the Libraries/Information Services partnered to increase the number of faculty with research material deposited in Academic Commons. A direct appeal to faculty in a mailing from the FAS deans, along with reminders in their monthly newsletters, produced thirty-five requests from faculty for CV reviews. This unprecedented response increased awareness of the institutional repository, the number of faculty contributing to Academic Commons, and the number of library staff conducting CV reviews.
Interpreting Dissent: Narratives About American Sign Language-English Interpreting for the Deaf President Now Protest
Creators: name: Halley, Mark
Publisher: name: IATIS and the Centre for Translation and Textual Studies (CTTS) at Dublin City University
Year: 2019
Subjects: contentious politicsinterpreters
protest
narrative inquiry
social movement

description: New Voices in Translation Studies, 21, 1, -
Fast Computer Model Calibration using Annealed and Transformed Variational Inference
Creators: name: Cho, Dongkyu Derek
name: Chang, Won
name: Park, Jaewoo
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biophysics
Medicine
Biotechnology
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Information Systems not elsewhere classified
Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Computer models play a crucial role in numerous scientific and engineering domains. To ensure the accuracy of simulations, it is essential to properly calibrate the input parameters of these models through statistical inference. While Bayesian inference is the standard approach for this task, employing Markov chain Monte Carlo methods often encounters computational hurdles due to the costly evaluation of likelihood functions and slow mixing rates. Although variational inference (VI) can be a fast alternative to traditional Bayesian approaches, VI has limited applicability due to boundary issues and local optima problems. To address these challenges, we propose flexible VI methods based on deep generative models that do not require parametric assumptions on the variational distribution. We embed a surjective transformation in our framework to avoid posterior truncation at the boundary. Additionally, we provide theoretical conditions that guarantee the success of the algorithm. Furthermore, our temperature annealing scheme and fine-tuning can prevent being trapped in local optima through a series of intermediate posteriors and weight adjustment. We apply our method to infectious disease models and a geophysical model, illustrating that the proposed method can provide fast and accurate inference compared to its competitors.
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 68.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 16.03.1998, 08:00, erstellt von Sergio Cortesi
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1998

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 2.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
Stochastic functionals and fluctuation theorem for the multi-kangaroo process
Creators: name: Broeck, C. Van den
name: Toral, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce multi-kangaroo Markov processes and provide a general procedure for evaluating a certain type of stochastic functionals. We calculate analytically the large deviation properties. Applications include zero-crossing statistics and stochastic thermodynamics.
description: 2nd, longer version
Strong Long-Wave Infrared Optical Response in a Topological Semiconductor with a Mexican Hat Band Structure
Creators: name: Polking, Mark J.
name: Xu, Haowei
name: Sankar, Raman
name: Grossklaus, Kevin
name: Li, Ju
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Light sources and photodetectors operating in the far- to mid-infrared (FIR/MIR) band ($8$-$12~\rm μm$, $0.1$-$0.15~\rm eV$) remain relatively poorly developed compared to their counterparts operating in the visible and near-infrared ranges, despite extensive application potential for thermal imaging, standoff sensing, and other technologies. This is attributable in part to the lack of narrow-gap materials ($<0.1~\rm eV$) with high optical gain and absorption. In this work, a narrow-gap semiconductor, $\rm Pb_{0.7}Sn_{0.3}Se$, is demonstrated to exhibit an optical response $>10\times$ larger than that of $\rm Hg_{x}Cd_{1-x}Te$ (MCT), the dominant material for FIR/MIR photodetectors. A previous theoretical investigation indicated that chalcogen $p$ and metal $d$ band inversion in this material creates a Mexican hat band structure (MHBS), which results in a dramatic increase in the joint density of states at the optical transition edge compared to typical semiconductors. This prediction is experimentally validated here using single-crystal specimens of $\rm Pb_{0.7}Sn_{0.3}Se$ measured using temperature-dependent spectroscopic ellipsometry over a wavelength range of $1.7$-$20~\rm μm$ ($0.73$-$0.062~\rm eV$). These measurements demonstrate a large enhancement in extinction coefficient and refractive index characteristic of a MHBS in the vicinity of the absorption edge, in agreement with theoretical predictions. The realization of topological semiconductors with a MHBS is expected to lead to high-efficiency detectors operating in the FIR/MID range.
description: 4 figures
Relationship between the potential and actual intensities of tropical cyclones on interannual time scales
Creators: name: Wing, A. A.
name: Sobel, Adam H.
name: Camargo, Suzana J.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Geophysics
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Meteorology

description: [1] The thermodynamic theory for the physics of a mature tropical cyclone (TC) tells us that the cyclone's intensity cannot exceed an upper bound, the potential intensity (PI). This combined with an empirical result due to Emanuel leads to a prediction of average TC intensity change, given the change in PI. The slope of the predicted relationship between percentagewise variations in PI and those in intensity can vary between 0.5 and 1, depending on the mean PI and on what threshold is applied to the intensity data. For the Atlantic and Pacific, typical values are around 0.65 when tropical storms are excluded and 0.8 when they are included. The authors use best track data for the North Atlantic and western North Pacific, combined with PI computed from reanalysis data sets, to test these predictions. The results show that observed interannual variations of maximum TC intensity are consistent with the predictions of PI theory. Modest fractions of the variance in actual intensity are explained by PI variations. Much of the interannual variation in PI experienced by the storms comes from variation in TC tracks, so that the storms in different years are more or less likely to sample regions of high PI, rather than from variations in PI at a fixed location.
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 182.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 24.07.1998, 05:45, erstellt von Araldo Pittini
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1998

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 4.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
A quantification of hydrodynamical effects on protoplanetary dust growth
Creators: name: Sellentin, E.
name: Ramsey, J. P.
name: Windmark, F.
name: Dullemond, C. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. The growth process of dust particles in protoplanetary disks can be modeled via numerical dust coagulation codes. In this approach, physical effects that dominate the dust growth process often must be implemented in a parameterized form. Due to a lack of these parameterizations, existing studies of dust coagulation have ignored the effects a hydrodynamical gas flow can have on grain growth, even though it is often argued that the flow could significantly contribute either positively or negatively to the growth process. Aims. We intend to provide a quantification of hydrodynamical effects on the growth of dust particles, such that these effects can be parameterized and implemented in a dust coagulation code. Methods. We numerically integrate the trajectories of small dust particles in the flow of disk gas around a proto-planetesimal, sampling a large parameter space in proto-planetesimal radii, headwind velocities, and dust stopping times. Results. The gas flow deflects most particles away from the proto-planetesimal, such that its effective collisional cross section, and therefore the mass accretion rate, is reduced. The gas flow however also reduces the impact velocity of small dust particles onto a proto-planetesimal. This can be beneficial for its growth, since large impact velocities are known to lead to erosion. We also demonstrate why such a gas flow does not return collisional debris to the surface of a proto-planetesimal. Conclusions. We predict that a laminar hydrodynamical flow around a proto-planetesimal will have a significant effect on its growth. However, we cannot easily predict which result, the reduction of the impact velocity or the sweep-up cross section, will be more important. Therefore, we provide parameterizations ready for implementation into a dust coagulation code.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures; accepted for publication in A&A; v2 matches the manuscript sent to the publisher (very minor changes)
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 4.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 06.01.1998, 09:15, erstellt von Sergio Cortesi
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1998

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 2.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 78.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 26.03.1998, 09:00, erstellt von Sergio Cortesi
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1998

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 4.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
Tropical cyclone genesis potential index in climate models
Creators: name: Barnston, Anthony G.
name: Sobel, Adam H.
name: Camargo, Suzana J.
name: Emanuel, Kerry A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2007
Subjects: Cyclones
Meteorology
Atmosphere

description: The potential for tropical cyclogenesis in a given ocean basin during its active season has been represented by genesis potential indices, empirically determined functions of large-scale environmental variables which influence tropical cyclone (TC) genesis. Here we examine the ability of some of today's atmospheric climate models, forced with historical observed SST over a multidecadal hindcast period, to reproduce observed values and patterns of one such genesis potential index (GP), as well as whether the GP in a given model is a good predictor of the number of TCs generated by that model. The effect of the horizontal resolution of a climate model on its GP is explored. The five analysed models are capable of reproducing the observed seasonal phasing of GP in a given region, but most of them them have a higher GP than observed. Each model has its own unique relationship between climatological GP and climatological TC number; a larger climatological GP in one model compared to others does not imply that that model has a larger climatological number of TCs. The differences among the models in the climatology of TC number thus appear to be related primarily to differences in the dynamics of the simulated storms themselves, rather than to differences in the simulated large-scale environment for genesis. The correlation of interannual anomalies in GP and number of TCs in a given basin also differs significantly from one model to the next. Experiments using the ECHAM5 model at different horizontal resolutions indicate that as resolution increases, model GP also tends to increase. Most of this increase is realized between T42 and T63.
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 21.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 27.01.1998, 10:45, erstellt von Sergio Cortesi
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1998

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 3.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 303.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 13.12.1998, 11:15, erstellt von Andrea Manna
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1998

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 3.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
Forecasting neutron star temperatures: predictability and variability
Creators: name: Page, Dany
name: Reddy, Sanjay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is now possible to model thermal relaxation of neutron stars after bouts of accretion during which the star is heated out of equilibrium by nuclear reactions in its crust. Major uncertainties in these models can be encapsulated in modest variations of a handful of fudge parameters that change the crustal thermal conductivity, specific heat, and heating rates. Observations of thermal relaxation constrain these fudge parameters and allow us to predict longer term variability in terms of the neutron star core temperature. We demonstrate this explicitly by modeling ongoing thermal relaxation in the neutron star XTE J1701-462. Its future cooling, over the next 5 to 30 years, is strongly constrained and depends mostly on its core temperature, uncertainties in crust physics having essentially been pinned down by fitting to the first three years of observations.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures. Submitted to Phys. Rev. Lett
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 177.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 19.07.1998, 07:15, erstellt von Araldo Pittini
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1998

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 4.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
The impact of air pollution on respiratory bacteria in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Creators: name: Purser, Lillie
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Air pollution is the single largest environmental health risk worldwide. Exposure to the most harmful component of air pollution, particular matter (PM), has been linked with non-communicable diseases including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) - the third leading cause of death worldwide. Exposure to PM is one of the biggest risk factors for COPD disease exacerbations, that are frequently linked with bacterial infection by Haemophilus influenzae and Moraxella catarrhalis. Whether infection is a cause or consequence of disease exacerbations remains unclear. It has been shown that behaviour of Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae is directly impacted by exposure to PM, which could be significant for COPD patients, with disease decline being linked to PM exposure and bacterial infection. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the effects of PM on H. influenzae and M. catarrhalis. H. influenzae that were exposed to black carbon (BC) showed a significant iron-uptake response, potentially linked with the observed increase in epithelial cell adhesion through the upregulation of protein F, that is known to facilitate binding to respiratory epithelium. The ability of PM to cause significant changes to bacterial behaviour was also demonstrated by the stress response exhibited by M. catarrhalis. Heat shock proteins regulated by sigma factor 32 were upregulated when exposed to BC, showing the potential of PM to influence specific genetic regulators. Also in this thesis, the relationship between respiratory microbiome commensals and pathogens on the integrity of the respiratory epithelium was explored. Prevotella spp. abundance has been linked with markers of epithelial integrity in COPD patient populations, while M. catarrhalis has been linked with disease decline and increased inflammation. The potential beneficial properties of Prevotella spp. on epithelial integrity were explored using a model of respiratory epithelium, finding that P. melaninogenica has a weaker potential to damage epithelial integrity than M. catarrhalis.
RegCM3 regional climatologies for South America using reanalysis and ECHAM global model driving fields
Creators: name: Seth, Anji
name: Rauscher, Sara A.
name: Camargo, Suzana J.
name: Qian, Jian-Hua
name: Paul, J. S.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2007
Subjects: Meteorology
Atmosphere
Climatic changes

description: To enable downscaling of seasonal prediction and climate change scenarios, long-term baseline regional climatologies which employ global model forcing are needed for South America. As a first step in this process, this work examines climatological integrations with a regional climate model using a continental scale domain nested in both reanalysis data and multiple realizations of an atmospheric general circulation model (GCM). The analysis presents an evaluation of the nested model simulated large scale circulation, mean annual cycle and interannual variability which is compared against observational estimates and also with the driving GCM for the Northeast, Amazon, Monsoon and Southeast regions of South America. Results indicate that the regional climate model simulates the annual cycle of precipitation well in the Northeast region and Monsoon regions; it exhibits a dry bias during winter (July–September) in the Southeast, and simulates a semi-annual cycle with a dry bias in summer (December–February) in the Amazon region. There is little difference in the annual cycle between the GCM and renalyses driven simulations, however, substantial differences are seen in the interannual variability. Despite the biases in the annual cycle, the regional model captures much of the interannual variability observed in the Northeast, Southeast and Amazon regions. In the Monsoon region, where remote influences are weak, the regional model improves upon the GCM, though neither show substantial predictability. We conclude that in regions where remote influences are strong and the global model performs well it is difficult for the regional model to improve the large scale climatological features, indeed the regional model may degrade the simulation. Where remote forcing is weak and local processes dominate, there is some potential for the regional model to add value. This, however, will require improvments in physical parameterizations for high resolution tropical simulations.
The Effect of Regional Climate Model Domain Choice on the Simulation of Tropical Cyclone–Like Vortices in the Southwestern Indian Ocean
Creators: name: Landman, Willem A.
name: Camargo, Suzana J.
name: Seth, Anji
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2005
Subjects: Cyclones
Meteorology
Atmosphere
Climatic changes

description: A regional climate model is tested for several domain configurations over the southwestern Indian Ocean to examine the ability of the model to reproduce observed cyclones and their landfalling tracks. The interaction between large-scale and local terrain forcing of tropical storms approaching and transiting the island landmass of Madagascar makes the southwestern Indian Ocean a unique and interesting study area. In addition, tropical cyclones across the southern Indian Ocean are likely to be significantly affected by the large-scale zonal flow. Therefore, the effects of model domain size and the positioning of its lateral boundaries on the simulation of tropical cyclone–like vortices and their tracks on a seasonal time scale are investigated. Four tropical cyclones, which occurred over the southwestern Indian Ocean in January of the years 1995–97, are studied, and four domains are tested. The regional climate model is driven by atmospheric lateral boundary conditions that are derived from large-scale meteorological analyses. The use of analyzed boundary forcing enables comparison with observed cyclones in these tests. Simulations are performed using a 60-km horizontal resolution and for an extended time integration of about 6 weeks. Results show that the positioning of the eastern boundary of the regional model domain is of major importance in the life cycle of simulated tropical cyclone–like vortices: a vortex entering through the eastern boundary of the regional model is generally well simulated. The size of the domain also has a bearing on the ability of the regional model to simulate vortices in the Mozambique Channel, and the island landmass of Madagascar additionally influences storm tracks. These results show that the regional model can produce cyclonelike vortices and their tracks (with some deficiencies) given analyzed lateral boundary forcing. Statistical analyses of GCM-driven nested model ensemble integrations are now required to further address predictive skill of cyclones in the southwestern Indian Ocean and to test if the model can realistically simulate tropical storm genesis as opposed to advecting existing tropical disturbances entering through the model boundaries.
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 131.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 03.06.1998, 07:30, erstellt von Sergio Cortesi
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1998

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 4.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
An FCA-based Boolean Matrix Factorisation for Collaborative Filtering
Creators: name: Nenova, Elena
name: Ignatov, Dmitry I.
name: Konstantinov, Andrey V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: H.2.8; H.2.3
subject: 06B99, 03G10, 15B34

description: We propose a new approach for Collaborative Filtering which is based on Boolean Matrix Factorisation (BMF) and Formal Concept Analysis. In a series of experiments on real data (Movielens dataset) we compare the approach with the SVD- and NMF-based algorithms in terms of Mean Average Error (MAE). One of the experimental consequences is that it is enough to have a binary-scaled rating data to obtain almost the same quality in terms of MAE by BMF than for the SVD-based algorithm in case of non-scaled data.
description: http://ceur-ws.org/Vol-977/paper8.pdf
Onset and End of the Rainy Season in South America in Observations and the ECHAM 4.5 Atmospheric General Circulation Model
Creators: name: Liebmann, Brant
name: Camargo, Suzana J.
name: Seth, Anji
name: Marengo, José A.
name: Carvalho, Leila M. V.
name: Allured, Dave
name: Fu, Rong
name: Vera, Carolina S.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2007
Subjects: Meteorology
Atmosphere

description: Rainfall in South America as simulated by a 24-ensemble member of the ECHAM 4.5 atmospheric general circulation model is compared and contrasted with observations (in areas in which data are available) for the period 1976–2001. Emphasis is placed on determining the onset and end of the rainy season, from which its length and rain rate are determined. It is shown that over large parts of the domain the onset and ending dates are well simulated by the model, with biases of less than 10 days. There is a tendency for model onset to occur early and ending to occur late, resulting in a simulated rainy season that is on average too long in many areas. The model wet season rain rate also tends to be larger than observed. To estimate the relative importance of errors in wet season length and rain rate in determining biases in the annual total, adjusted totals are computed by substituting both the observed climatological wet season length and rate for those of the model. Problems in the rain rate generally are more important than problems in the length. The wet season length and rain rate also contribute substantially to interannual variations in the annual total. These quantities are almost independent, and it is argued that they are each associated with different mechanisms. The observed onset dates almost always lie within the range of onset of the ensemble members, even in the areas with a large model onset bias. In some areas, though, the model does not perform well. In southern Brazil the model ensemble average onset always occurs in summer, whereas the observations show that winter is often the wettest period. Individual members, however, do occasionally show a winter rainfall peak. In southern Northeast Brazil the model has a more distinct rainy season than is observed. In the northwest Amazon the model annual cycle is shifted relative to that observed, resulting in a model bias. No interannual relationship between model and observed onset dates is expected unless onset in the model and observations has a mutual relationship with SST anomalies. In part of the near-equatorial Amazon, there does exist an interannual relationship between onset dates. Previous studies have shown that in this area there is a relationship between SST anomalies and variations in seasonal total rainfall.
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 259.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 24.10.1998, 07:45, erstellt von Sergio Cortesi
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1998

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 2.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
The Role of Attention in Status Quo Bias
Creators: name: Miceli, Anthony
name: Suri, Gaurav
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Behavioral Economics
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Economics

description: We examined whether increased attention towards the status quo (enabled by its visual salience) is a previously underappreciated driver of status quo bias.
An evaluation of virtual reality role-play experiences for helping-profession courses
Creators: name: Rogers, Shane
name: Hollett, Ross
name: Yanqi Lee
name: Speelman, Craig P.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Psychology
subject: Clinical Psychology
subject: 170202 Decision Making
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: 170103 Educational Psychology
subject: 170106 Health, Clinical and Counselling Psychology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 170109 Personality, Abilities and Assessment

description: Background: Providing students with virtual role-play experiences has the potential to bring counselling role-plays into large undergraduate courses.
 OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to trial a virtual reality role-play experience where students played the role of a student counsellor.
 Method: Seventy-three undergraduate psychology students played the role of a student counsellor interacting with a virtual client in two role-plays, one via desktop and one via head mounted display (HMD). Students provided feedback on their experience.
 Results: 70% of the students found the experiences very interesting, engaging and immersive, with 82% preferring the HMD mode of presentation. The virtual characters were believable as distressed clients with 96% of students perceiving greater negative than positive emotion expressed by the characters. Most of the students (64%) mood improved from the beginning of the experience to the end, however 14% experienced a decline in mood. The students agreed (95%) that the experiences would be a valuable experience to a psychology course.
 Conclusion: Our results provide evidence that the virtual role-play experiences are well-liked by students.
 Teaching Implications: The approach presented in this paper represents a practical method to provide virtual role-play experiences to both on-campus and online undergraduate students.
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 220.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 01.09.1998, 13:15, erstellt von Sergio Cortesi
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1998

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 3.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
Regional Climate Model–Simulated Timing and Character of Seasonal Rains in South America
Creators: name: Rauscher, Sara A.
name: Seth, Anji
name: Liebmann, Brant
name: Quan, Jian-Hua
name: Camargo, Suzana J.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2007
Subjects: Rain and rainfall--Simulation methods
Meteorology
Atmosphere

description: The potential of an experimental nested prediction system to improve the simulation of subseasonal rainfall statistics including daily precipitation intensity, rainy season onset and withdrawal, and the frequency and duration of dry spells is evaluated by examining a four-member ensemble of regional climate model simulations performed for the period 1982–2002 over South America. The study employs the International Centre for Theoretical Physics (ICTP) regional climate model, version 3 (RegCM3), driven with the NCEP–NCAR reanalysis and the European Centre–Hamburg GCM, version 4.5. Statistics were examined for five regions: the northern Amazon, southern Amazon, the monsoon region, Northeast Brazil, and southeastern South America. RegCM3 and the GCM are able to replicate the distribution of daily rainfall intensity in most regions. The analysis of the rainy season timing shows the observed onset occurring first over the monsoon region and then spreading northward into the southern Amazon, in contrast to some previous studies. Correlations between the onset and withdrawal date and SSTs reveal a strong relationship between the withdrawal date in the monsoon region and SSTs in the equatorial Pacific, with above-average SSTs associated with late withdrawal. Over Northeast Brazil, the regional model errors are smaller than those shown by the GCM, and the strong interannual variability in the timing of the rainy season is better simulated by RegCM3. However, the regional model displays an early bias in onset and withdrawal over the southern Amazon and the monsoon regions. Both RegCM3 and the GCM tend to underestimate (overestimate) the frequency of shorter (longer) dry spells, although the differences in dry spell frequency during warm and cold ENSO events are well simulated. The results presented here show that there is potential for added value from the regional model in simulating subseasonal statistics; however, improvements in the physical parameterizations are needed for this tropical region.
Less Code, More Product: Leveraging Open Source Technologies To Develop Digital Library Collections
Creators: name: Cartolano, Robert T.
name: Davis, Stephen P.
name: Fabian, Carole Ann
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: Information science
Information technology
Management

description: Over the last 10 years, the research library community has made significant investments in developing and utilizing open-source software products to build sustainable digital library infrastructure and services at scale. Community-driven open standards, data formats, protocols and governance are crucial to fulfilling the objective of scalable preservation and access infrastructure. Our collective investments in such development has the further benefit of helping reduce the amount of locally written code while delivering more “product” in the form of online archives, digital collections, exhibitions and services, offering flexible solutions to unique requirements. A good example of the benefits of leveraging open-source infrastructure can be seen in Columbia University’s Seymour B. Durst Old York Library project. In August 2011, Columbia received a substantial gift of New York-related materials from the Old York Foundation together with supporting funds to accession, process and produce a digital library based on the materials. The gift funded digitization of this large and unique collection and provided capacity-building funding that helped us to explore new project management models, establish new collaborative workflows and production processes, and expand development of our digital library infrastructure and feature set. The session will include an overview of Columbia’s strategy for leveraging community-based, open approaches to digital library infrastructure and also describe the specific set of open-source technologies used to implement this and other digital library projects. It will also describe how the Old York Library project helped to accelerate our development efforts, reduce the amount of locally written code, and build more sustainable approaches to meet the needs of unique and distinctive digital collections.
Can one hear the shape of a crystal?
Creators: name: Wang, Haina
name: Torquato, Salvatore
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Isospectrality is a general fundamental concept often involving whether various operators can have identical spectra, i.e., the same set of eigenvalues. In the context of the Laplacian operator, the famous question ``Can one hear the shape of a drum?'' concerns whether different shaped drums can have the same vibrational modes. The isospectrality of a lattice in $d$-dimensional Euclidean space $\mathbb{R}^d$ is a tantamount to whether it is uniquely determined by its theta series, i.e., the radial distribution function $g_2(r)$. While much is known about the isospectrality of Bravais lattices across dimensions, little is known about this question of more general crystal (periodic) structures with an $n$-particle basis ($n \ge 2$). Here, we ask, What is $n_{\text{min}}(d)$, the minimum value of $n$ for inequivalent (i.e., unrelated by isometric symmetries) crystals with the same theta function in space dimension $d$? To answer these questions, we use rigorous methods as well as a precise numerical algorithm that enables us to determine the minimum multi-particle basis of inequivalent isospectral crystals. Our algorithm identifies isospectral 4-, 3- and 2-particle bases in one, two and three spatial dimensions, respectively. For many of these isospectral crystals, we rigorously show that they indeed possess identical $g_2(r)$ up to infinite $r$. Based on our analyses, we conjecture that $n_{\text{min}}(d) = 4, 3, 2$ for $d = 1, 2, 3$, respectively. The identification of isospectral crystals enables one to study the degeneracy of the ground-state under the action of isotropic pair potentials.
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 10.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 15.01.1998, 10:30, erstellt von Sergio Cortesi
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1998

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 4.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 293.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 01.12.1998, 08:30, erstellt von Sergio Cortesi
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1998

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 3.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)