Scolopia orientalis Sleumer 1972
Creators: name: Applequist, Wendy L.
name: Schatz, George E.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Malpighiales
Salicaceae
Scolopia
Scolopia orientalis

description: 10. <i>Scolopia orientalis</i> Sleumer <i>Blumea</i> 20: 54 (1972). — Type: <b>Madagascar</b>. Prov. Toamasina, forêt Ambila-Lemaitso, 8.III.1954, fl., <i>Service Forestier 9527</i> (holo-, P [P00077438]!; iso-, L [L0011253], TEF [TEF000252], photos seen). ADDITIONAL MATERIAL EXAMINED. — <b>Madagascar</b>. <b>Prov. Antsiranana</b>, forêt Ambodipont, Ampanavoana, Antalaha, Parc Masoala, 15°44’45”S, 50°19’25”E, 0-10 m, 15-20.III.1996, fl., <i>Bernard 260</i> (G, MO). — Fampotatrely, Ampanavoana, Vinanivao, Antalaha, Parc Masoala, 15°35’S, 50°25’E, 0-50 m, 7.V.1996, post-fl., <i>Bernard 286</i> (MO, P, USMS). <b>Prov.</b> <b>Fianarantsoa</b>. Préf. Farafangana, comm. rurale Mahabo-Mananivo, fok. Baboaka, forêt Marovahatry, au bord du marécage Andranokena, 23°10’41”S, 47°43’49”E, 23 m, 21.IV.2004, fl., <i>Ludovic 746</i> (MO). <b>Prov.</b> <b>Toamasina</b>. Atsinanana, Ambila-Lemaitso, vers la Station Forestière, à l’W du canal des Pangalanes, 18°49’28”S, 49°09’19”E, 10 m, 25.IX.2000, fr., <i>Andrianjafy 109</i> (P). — Commune Brickaville, fokontany Andranokoditra, forêt de Volibola [Vohibola], grande piste tracteur [sic] vers Hotely Akaninofy, 18°34’24”S, 49°14’20”E, 7.I.2003, fr., <i>Ludovic &amp; Rakotoarivony 238</i> (MO). — Fivondronana Sainte Marie, firaisana Lokintsy, fokontany Ambohidena, forêt d’Ambohidena, 16°51’11”S, 49°57’10”E, 1.VI.2004, post-fl., <i>Rabehevitra &amp; Poity 1100</i> (MO, P). — Same loc., same date, post-fl., <i>Rabehevitra &amp; Poity 1154</i> (MO, P). — Fivondronana Brickaville, firaisana Andranonkoditra, fokontany Ankanin’ny nofy, forêt de Vohibola, 18°33’56”S, 49°15’24”E, 8 m, 4.VIII.2003, fl., <i>Rabehevitra et al. 370</i> (MO). — Fivondronana Soanierana-Ivongo, commune rurale Manompana, forêt d’Antanambao-Ambodiman- ga, 16°46’24”S, 49°42’51”E, 30.I.2003, fr., <i>Rabevohitra et al. 4323</i> (MO, P). — Fivondronana Sainte Marie, firaisana Lokintsy, fokontany Ambohidena, forêt d’Ambohidena, 16°51’11”S, 49°57’18”E, 18.II.2004, fl., <i>Rabevohitra et al. 5051</i> (MO). — District Fénérive-Est, station forestière de Tampolo, 10 km N de Fénérive-Est, 17°16’52”S, 49°24’44”E, 0-150 m, 24.I.1995, fr., <i>Raholivelo et al. 222</i> (MO). — Fiv. Brickaville, commune Brickaville, village Ambila-Lemaitso, à 2 km au SW de l’hôtel Les Alizés, 18°53’52”S, 49°07’48”E, 10 m, 22.IX.2000, fr., <i>Randrianaivo et al. 536</i> (MO, P). — Vohibola, district de Brickaville, commune Ambinaninony, fokontany d’Andranokoditra, E of trial to Andranokoditra, 18°33’39”S, 49°14’33”E, 27 m, 28.X.2002, <i>Randrianasolo et al. 760</i> (G, MO, P). — Nosy Mangabe, 15°30’S, 49°46’E, 0-330 m, 13-23.IV.1988, fl., <i>Schatz &amp; Gentry 2301</i> (MO, P). — 6-10 km S of Ambila-Lemaitso, 18°51’S, 49°08’E, 0-20 m, 6.III.1988, fl., <i>Schatz et al. 1944</i> (MO, P). — Forêt de Tampolo au N de Fenerive, IV.1954, fr., <i>Service Forestier 9194</i> (P). — Ambila-Lemaitso 36-J0B2, 25.IV.1954, fl., fr., <i>Service Forestier 9748</i> (P). — Analamantsina, Tamatave, 12.VI.1954, fr., <i>Service Forestier 10549</i> (P). — Tampolo, Fenerive-Est, 4.III.1955, fr., <i>Service Forestier 13101</i> (P). — J[ardin] B[otanique] no 21, Tampolo, canton Ampasina, district Fénérive, 1.II.1957, fr., <i>Service Forestier 16498</i> (P). — Same loc., 25.II.1957, fr., <i>Service Forestier 16617</i> (P). — J[ardin] B[otanique] 2-Sect. C-4 Staforet-ABL, village le plus proche Ambila-Lemaitso, canton Andevoranto, dist. Brickaville, 3.XII.1954, fr., <i>Service Forestier 16854</i> (P). — Ambila-Lemaitso, 8-10.VIII.1957, fr., <i>Service Forestier 18069</i> (P). — Point Tompolo, Masoala Peninsula, 15°39’30”S, 49° 57’30”E, 0 m, VII.1993, fr., <i>Zjhra &amp; Hutcheon 421</i> (MO, P). DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. — <i>Scolopia orientalis</i> is endemic to eastern littoral or sublittoral forests (Fig. 4), on sand. REMARKS <i>Scolopia orientalis</i> is a tree to 15 m, or occasionally a climbing shrub, with smooth blackish to brownish bark and persistent, elliptical to obovate-oblong leaves. It is the most widespread of the four littoral species, and as is common in that group, has leaves that dry greenish to grayish-green or olive. The flowers are fragrant and visited by bees (label data from <i>Schatz et al. 1944</i>); the calyx is white to pale pink, the petals white to yellowish white, the stamens white, and the gynoecium reddish purple. The fruits are reddish and relatively often have a persistent style. It may most easily be confused with the littoral species <i>S. delphinensis</i>, sp. nov. and <i>S. madagascariensis</i>, both of which have numerous stamens and usually greenish-drying leaves; the former has smaller and narrower leaves and is endemic to the extreme southeast (where <i>S. orientalis</i> does not occur), and the latter has broader leaves whose apices are usually cuspidate rather than rounded. ETHNOBOTANY The wood of <i>Scolopia orientalis</i> is used for construction (<i>Service Forestier 16498, 16617</i>). VERNACULAR NAMES Aferonakavy (<i>Service Forestier 16498</i> [Betsimisaraka dialect]); Masompinengo (<i>Rabevohitra et al. 4323</i>); Menahily (<i>Raholivelo et al. 222</i>); Menahy (<i>Service Forestier 9527, 9748, 16854</i>); Menahy à p[etites] f[euilles] (<i>Service Forestier 10549</i>); Tokokintsy (<i>Service Forestier 16617</i> [Betsimisaraka dialect]). CONSERVATION STATUS The preliminary assessment of the conservation status of <i>Scolopia orientalis</i> is Vulnerable (VU B2ab(iii)). It is known from ten locations, and has an Extent of Occurrence of 30 311 km 2 and a minimum Area of Occupancy of 64 km 2. It is restricted to littoral forest, a highly threatened and fragmented ecosystem, which is mostly unprotected and subject to ongoing degradation; it occurs in the Protected Area of Masoala.
description: Published as part of <i>Applequist, Wendy L. &amp; Schatz, George E., 2016, A synoptic revision of the Malagasy species of Scolopia Schreb. (Salicaceae, Scolopieae), pp. 99-115 in Adansonia 38 (1)</i> on pages 112-113, DOI: 10.5252/a2016n1a6, http://zenodo.org/record/4598915