cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Covariant Effective Action for Loop Quantum Cosmology a la Palatini
Creators: name: Olmo, Gonzalo J.
name: Singh, Parampreet
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In loop quantum cosmology, non-perturbative quantum gravity effects lead to the resolution of the big bang singularity by a quantum bounce without introducing any new degrees of freedom. Though fundamentally discrete, the theory admits a continuum description in terms of an effective Hamiltonian. Here we provide an algorithm to obtain the corresponding effective action, establishing in this way the covariance of the theory for the first time. This result provides new insights on the continuum properties of the discrete structure of quantum geometry and opens new avenues to extract physical predictions such as those related to gauge invariant cosmological perturbations.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure, minor revision to match published version (JCAP), presentation and abstract improved, references added
DFGC 2021: A DeepFake Game Competition
Creators: name: Peng, Bo
name: Fan, Hongxing
name: Wang, Wei
name: Dong, Jing
name: Li, Yuezun
name: Lyu, Siwei
name: Li, Qi
name: Sun, Zhenan
name: Chen, Han
name: Chen, Baoying
name: Hu, Yanjie
name: Luo, Shenghai
name: Huang, Junrui
name: Yao, Yutong
name: Liu, Boyuan
name: Ling, Hefei
name: Zhang, Guosheng
name: Xu, Zhiliang
name: Miao, Changtao
name: Lu, Changlei
name: He, Shan
name: Wu, Xiaoyan
name: Zhuang, Wanyi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper presents a summary of the DFGC 2021 competition. DeepFake technology is developing fast, and realistic face-swaps are increasingly deceiving and hard to detect. At the same time, DeepFake detection methods are also improving. There is a two-party game between DeepFake creators and detectors. This competition provides a common platform for benchmarking the adversarial game between current state-of-the-art DeepFake creation and detection methods. In this paper, we present the organization, results and top solutions of this competition and also share our insights obtained during this event. We also release the DFGC-21 testing dataset collected from our participants to further benefit the research community.
Low Energy Availability (LEA) and Hypertension in Black Division I Collegiate Athletes: A Novel Pilot Study
Creators: name: Cook, Marc
name: Colleran, Heather
name: San Diego, Lauren
name: Purdom, Troy
name: Stewart, Paul
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2023

description:
The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between low energy availability (LEA) and nutritional content with high blood pressure (HBP) in African American Division I athletes. Twenty-three D1 African American pre-season athletes were recruited to participate. HBP was defined as >120 systolic blood pressure (BP) and <80 diastolic BP. Athletes self-reported nutritional intake using a non-consecutive 3-day food recall which was then reviewed by a sports dietitian. LEA was evaluated as total energy intake-total daily energy expenditure (TDEE), which was predicted. Additionally, micronutrients were evaluated. A statistical analysis relied on Spearman correlation (R), standardized mean difference with 95% confidence interval, mean ± SD, and odds ratios (OR). Correlation values were categorized: 0.20-0.39 = low; 0.40-0.69 = moderate; 0.70-1.0 = strong. A moderate relationship was observed between HBP and LEA (R = 0.56) with 14/23 having HBP. Of the 14 athletes observed with HBP, 78.5% (11/14) were calorically deficient (-529 ± 695 kcal) with an OR of 7.2. Micronutrient intake deficiencies were ubiquitous among the 23 HBP athletes: poly-unsaturated fatty acid -29.6%; omega-3 -26.0%; iron -46.0%; calcium -25.1%; and sodium -14.2%, amongst others. LEA and micronutrient deficiencies may contribute to HBP in Black D1 athletes, which has been shown to be the most common modifiable risk factor to decrease the risk of sudden cardiac death.
Fixed Scale Approach to Equation of State in Lattice QCD
Creators: name: Umeda, T.
name: Ejiri, S.
name: Aoki, S.
name: Hatsuda, T.
name: Kanaya, K.
name: Maezawa, Y.
name: Ohno, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new approach to study the equation of state in finite-temperature QCD is proposed on the lattice. Unlike the conventional method in which the temporal lattice size $N_t$ is fixed, the temperature $T$ is varied by changing $N_t$ at fixed lattice scale. The pressure of the hot QCD plasma is calculated by the integration of the trace anomaly with respect to $T$ at fixed lattice scale. This "$T$-integral method" is tested in quenched QCD on isotropic and anisotropic lattices and is shown to give reliable results especially at intermediate and low temperatures.
description: 5 pages, ReVTeX, 4 figures, version to appear in PRD
Do Language Models Know the Way to Rome?
Creators: name: Liétard, Bastien
name: Abdou, Mostafa
name: Søgaard, Anders
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The global geometry of language models is important for a range of applications, but language model probes tend to evaluate rather local relations, for which ground truths are easily obtained. In this paper we exploit the fact that in geography, ground truths are available beyond local relations. In a series of experiments, we evaluate the extent to which language model representations of city and country names are isomorphic to real-world geography, e.g., if you tell a language model where Paris and Berlin are, does it know the way to Rome? We find that language models generally encode limited geographic information, but with larger models performing the best, suggesting that geographic knowledge can be induced from higher-order co-occurrence statistics.
Survey of the realtors use of trade area (location) analysis
Creators: name: Beauregard, Andre Vincent
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This study surveys commercial real estate agents on their use of trade area (location) analysis in the marketing (leasing and selling) of retail space. Throughout the study, the broad definition of the broker as an information agent on all facets of real estate is narrowed in order to isolate the purpose, type and scope of the trade area (location) information he processes. As such, the primary objective of the study is to determine the extent to which realtors practice trade area (location) analysis in their marketing of retail space. Real estate literature emphasizes two points that together serve as the basis for the study: (1) brokers should strive to become advisors to their clients and customers and (2) the importance of trade area (location) data for identifying a retail property's most beneficial use(s) and determining its value. Yet, even though these two points are well recognized, some question remains about the extent of trade area (location) information realtors are processing. For example, one large corporate real estate buyer has remarked that out of the many investment proposals he received from brokers, few contain sufficient market data to allow prudent investment decisionmaking. In addition, real estate practitioner literature, while noting the importance of trade area, offers few if any procedures that could be followed to develop a trade area analysis. Based on these observations, this study attempts to gain an insight into the realtors practices of trade area analysis. To accomplish this objective, trade area literature was reviewed to identify trade area characteristics, techniques of analysis, and data sources. From this information a set of questions was developed and used to survey realtors on their practices of trade area analysis. Data from the survey show: (1) the type of analyses developed, (2) the content of the analyses, and (3) the purpose of the analyses. Interpretation of the survey data indicates that there is a discrepancy between the trade area analyses that are currently being developed and the "state of the art" as evidenced by trade area literature. Recommendations are that real estate practitioner literature could devote more attention to including procedures that realtors might follow to develop a trade area analysis and that realtors could increase their use of real estate literature.
Integrable theory of quantum transport in chaotic cavities
Creators: name: Osipov, Vladimir Al.
name: Kanzieper, Eugene
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The problem of quantum transport in chaotic cavities with broken time-reversal symmetry is shown to be completely integrable in the universal limit. This observation is utilised to determine the cumulants and the distribution function of conductance for a cavity with ideal leads supporting an arbitrary number $n$ of propagating modes. Expressed in terms of solutions to the fifth Painlevé transcendent and/or the Toda lattice equation, the conductance distribution is further analysed in the large-$n$ limit that reveals long exponential tails in the otherwise Gaussian curve.
description: 4 pages; final version to appear in Physical Review Letters
Resonant low-energy electron scattering on short-range impurities in graphene
Creators: name: Basko, D. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Resonant scattering of electrons with low energies (as compared to the bandwidth) on a single neutral short-range impurity in graphene is analyzed theoretically, taking into account the valley degeneracy. Resonances dramatically increase the scattering cross-section and introduce a strong energy dependence. Analysis of the tight-binding model shows that resonant scattering is typical for generic impurities as long as they are sufficiently strong (the potential is of the order of the electron bandwidth or higher).
TEACHING METHODOLOGY IN HIGHER NON-PHILOLOGICAL DIRECTIONS
Creators: name: Abdullaeva, Dilfuza
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: In this article, the methodology of teaching Russian as a foreign language in non-philology higher education was considered. A comprehensive review of scientific and methodological literature was given. In order to generalize the accumulated theoretical and practical experience and apply it to the optimization of the educational process: issues of general teaching methodology, study of the text and its typology, study of reading, study of oral scientific discourse, new computer technologies were founded.
Interplay of local hydrogen-bonding and long-ranged dipolar forces in simulations of confined water
Creators: name: Rodgers, Jocelyn M.
name: Weeks, John D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spherical truncations of Coulomb interactions in standard models for water permit efficient molecular simulations and can give remarkably accurate results for the structure of the uniform liquid. However truncations are known to produce significant errors in nonuniform systems, particularly for electrostatic properties. Local molecular field (LMF) theory corrects such truncations by use of an effective or restructured electrostatic potential that accounts for effects of the remaining long-ranged interactions through a density-weighted mean field average and satisfies a modified Poisson's equation defined with a Gaussian-smoothed charge density. We apply LMF theory to three simple molecular systems that exhibit different aspects of the failure of a naive application of spherical truncations -- water confined between hydrophobic walls, water confined between atomically-corrugated hydrophilic walls, and water confined between hydrophobic walls with an applied electric field. Spherical truncations of 1/r fail spectacularly for the final system in particular, and LMF theory corrects the failings for all three. Further, LMF theory provides a more intuitive way to understand the balance between local hydrogen bonding and longer-ranged electrostatics in molecular simulations involving water.
description: Submitted to PNAS
The potential of passenger ferries in an urban transit system
Creators: name: Kopystynski, Adrian Danie
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This thesis endeavours to explore the potential ridership and costs of a ferry service primarily oriented to commuters traveling between West Vancouver and the downtown core. Comparison of a Sea Bus type ferry service with an equivalent bus operation indicates that, the ferry would cost somewhat more, but this may be offset by environmental, social and land use externalities. The second conclusion is that transit policies designed to enhance the attractiveness of the ferry mode, to daily commuters can generate substantial ridership in the case study situation. Finally, it becomes clear that a preliminary policy analysis can be made based upon an inexpensive, short and approximate set of calculations. A review of the history of ferry service within Vancouver and other selected North American urban areas provides, insight into the factors affecting patronage and a basis for assessing the claims made by ferry and transit advocates. Five patronage-oriented policy principles derived from this analysis are applied to develop a hypothetical concept of commuter ferry operation in the case study area. This plan is evaluated using available cost, ridership and modal split data to contrast three alternative scenarios, at the same level of patronage in the morning peak journey to work movements across the Burrard Inlet; ferry crossings only, bus crossings only, and a mixed ferry and bus situation. In the case study area it appears that ferry transit is worthy of more detailed and definitive analysis. It is suggested that the same may be true of other North American metropolitan areas in which there are substantial commuting flows across major bodies of water.
Time-Resolved Measurement of a Charge Qubit
Creators: name: Reuther, Georg M.
name: Zueco, David
name: Hänggi, Peter
name: Kohler, Sigmund
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a scheme for monitoring coherent quantum dynamics with good time-resolution and low backaction, which relies on the response of the considered quantum system to high-frequency ac driving. An approximate analytical solution of the corresponding quantum master equation reveals that the phase of an outgoing signal, which can directly be measured in an experiment with lock-in technique, is proportional to the expectation value of a particular system observable. This result is corroborated by the numerical solution of the master equation for a charge qubit realized with a Cooper-pair box, where we focus on monitoring coherent oscillations.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Constraints on the $Λ$-neutron interaction from charge symmetry breaking in the $\mathbf{^4_Λ\rm \bf He}$--$\mathbf{^4_Λ\rm \bf H}$ hypernuclei
Creators: name: Haidenbauer, Johann
name: Meißner, Ulf-G.
name: Nogga, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We utilize the experimentally known difference of the $Λ$ separation energies of the mirror hypernuclei ${^4_Λ\rm He}$ and ${^4_Λ\rm H}$ to constrain the $Λ$-neutron interaction. We include the leading charge-symmetry breaking (CSB) interaction into our hyperon-nucleon interaction derived within chiral effective field theory at next-to-leading order. In particular, we determine the strength of the two arising CSB contact terms by a fit to the differences of the separation energies of these hypernuclei in the $0^+$ and $1^+$ states, respectively. By construction, the resulting interaction describes all low energy hyperon-nucleon scattering data, the hypertriton and the CSB in ${^4_Λ\rm He}$-${^4_Λ\rm H}$ accurately. This allows us to provide first predictions for the $Λ$n scattering lengths, based solely on available hypernuclear data.
description: 19 pages, 2 figures, to be submitted to special issue of few-body systems "Celebrating 30 years of Steven Weinberg's papers on Nuclear Forces from Chiral Lagrangians"
Applying a Power and Gender Lens to Understanding Health Care Provider Experience and Behavior: A Multicountry Qualitative Study
Creators: name: Ranjalahy, Anja Noeliarivelo
name: Sripad, Pooja
name: Peterson, Summer
name: Stevanovic-Fenn, Natacha
name: Okondo, Chantalle
name: Mathur, Sanyukta
name: Idrissou, Daoudou
name: Kezembe, Abigail
name: Kamanga, Martha
name: Warren, Charlotte E.
name: Zieman, Brady
name: Ndwiga, Charity
Publisher: name: Johns Hopkins School Bloomberg School of Public Health, Center for Communication Programs
Year: 2023

description:
A limited but growing body of literature shows that health care providers (HCPs) in reproductive, maternal, and newborn health face challenges that affect how they provide services. Our study investigates provider perspectives and behaviors using 4 interrelated power domains-beliefs and perceptions; practices and participation; access to assets; and structures-to explore how these constructs are differentially experienced based on one's gender, position, and function within the health system. We conducted a framework-based secondary analysis of qualitative in-depth interview data gathered with different cadres of HCPs across Kenya, Malawi, Madagascar, and Togo (n=123). We find across countries that power dynamics manifest in and are affected by all 4 domains, with some variation by HCP cadre and gender. At the service interface, HCPs' power derives from the nature and quality of their relationships with clients and the community. Providers' power within working relationships stems from unequal decision-making autonomy among HCP cadres. Limited and sometimes gendered access to remuneration, development opportunities, material resources, supervision quality, and emotional support affect HCPs' power to care for clients effectively. Power manifests variably among community and facility-based providers because of differences in prevailing hierarchical norms in routine and acute settings, community linkages, and type of collaboration required in their work. Our findings suggest that applying power-and secondarily, gender lenses-can elucidate consistencies in how providers perceive, internalize, and react to a range of relational and environmental stressors. The findings also have implications on how to improve the design of social behavior change interventions aimed at better supporting HCPs.
Local molecular field theory for the treatment of electrostatics
Creators: name: Rodgers, Jocelyn M.
name: Weeks, John D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine in detail the theoretical underpinnings of previous successful applications of local molecular field (LMF) theory to charged systems. LMF theory generally accounts for the averaged effects of long-ranged components of the intermolecular interactions by using an effective or restructured external field. The derivation starts from the exact Yvon-Born-Green hierarchy and shows that the approximation can be very accurate when the interactions averaged over are slowly varying at characteristic nearest-neighbor distances. Application of LMF theory to Coulomb interactions alone allows for great simplifications of the governing equations. LMF theory then reduces to a single equation for a restructured electrostatic potential that satisfies Poisson's equation defined with a smoothed charge density. Because of this charge smoothing by a Gaussian of width sigma, this equation may be solved more simply than the detailed simulation geometry might suggest. Proper choice of the smoothing length sigma plays a major role in ensuring the accuracy of this approximation. We examine the results of a basic confinement of water between corrugated wall and justify the simple LMF equation used in a previous publication. We further generalize these results to confinements that include fixed charges in order to demonstrate the broader impact of charge smoothing by sigma. The slowly-varying part of the restructured electrostatic potential will be more symmetric than the local details of confinements.
description: To be published in J Phys-Cond Matt; small misprint corrected in Eq. (12) in V2
Practice Problems for Hardware Engineers
Creators: name: Nazarian, Shahin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Hardware Architecture (cs.AR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: B.0

description: This book is to help undergraduate and graduate students of electrical and computer engineering disciplines with their job interviews. It may also be used as a practice resource while taking courses in VLSI, logic and computer architecture design. The first edition consists of more than 150 problems and their solutions which the author has used in his VLSI, logic, and architectures courses while teaching at USC. The author wishes this book to be available free of charge, subject to the copyright policy on page 3.
description: 166 pages, Kindle Direct Publishing, Amazon 1st Edition
Studies on noradrenergic supersensitivity of the cyclic AMP response in rat cerebral cortex
Creators: name: Kallstrom, Elizabeth
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Intracerebral injections of the neurotoxin 6-OHDA into the dorsal bundle (DB) causes selective depletion of cortical noradrenaline (NA) stores. The cortical neurons may then develop supersensitivity to NA and this may be measurable by the level of cAMP accumulation. Seven days was chosen as a period of time from injection to the development of the supersensitive response, and ten weeks was taken as the long-term period to measure permanent effects of this treatment. At seven days there was a significant increase in maximal stimulation and a slight, but not significant, shift of the dose-response curve. The baseline values of cAMP remained unchanged. The effect of the cAMP system after ten weeks post-injection consisted of a significant shift of the dose-response curve to the left, corresponding to a lowering of K[sub D], and a significant increase in both baseline and maximal stimulation levels, or V[sub max], of cAMP. The very high responsiveness of the adenylate cyclase system during the end of the second post-natal week was characterized by higher baseline levels of cAMP and greater cAMP accumulation in response to all NA concentrations tested. However, there was no significant shift of the dose-response curve. Kindling had no effect on the NA-stimulated cAMP response, showing unchanged basal and maximal stimulation levels in both anterior and posterior cortical slices. These results are discussed in terms of our present knowledge of the role of cAMP as a component of the post-synaptic receptor complex.
A Systematic Review of Interpersonal Interactions Related to Racism in Studies Assessing Breast and Gynecological Cancer Health Outcomes Among Black Women
Creators: name: Bankole, Ayomide Okanlawon
name: Ericson, Kathryn
name: Hirschey, Rachel
name: Bryant, Ashley Leak
name: Burse, Natasha Renee
name: Xu, Jingle
name: Conklin, Jamie L.
Publisher: name: Springer Nature
Year: 2023

description:
Objective To identify how studies measure racism-related variables at the interpersonal level and identify associated breast and gynecological cancer disparities among Black women. Methods A systematic literature review was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). Searches were conducted in PubMed, CINAHL Plus, and Scopus using terms centered on racism and cancer. Inclusion criteria consisted of the study being conducted in the USA with Black or African American women and the study stating an outcome or focus identified as a breast or gynecological cancer health disparity. Two researchers independently screened titles and abstracts and full texts articles and completed quality assessments of included studies. Data were extracted into a matrix table, and common concepts were identified and synthesized using the matrix method. The quality of included studies was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute’s critical appraisal tools. Results Thirteen studies that examined the effect of racism-related variables operating at the interpersonal level on breast, cervical, and ovarian cancer outcomes in Black women were identified for inclusion. Across studies, racism-related variables were measured as discrimination, trust, racism, and clinician-patient interactions. Additionally, across studies, disparities were identified in cancer screening, treatment received, survivorship quality of life, and incidence. Conclusion This review highlights the need for valid, reliable, and consistent measurement of racism operating at the interpersonal level to first understand its impact on cancer health disparities and to also facilitate the development and evaluation of interventions aimed at mitigating interpersonal-level racism.
Scalable massively parallel computing using continuous-time data representation in nanoscale crossbar array
Creators: name: Wang, Cong
name: Liang, Shi-Jun
name: Wang, Chen-Yu
name: Yang, Zai-Zheng
name: Ge, Yingmeng
name: Pan, Chen
name: Shen, Xi
name: Wei, Wei
name: Zhao, Yichen
name: Zhang, Zaichen
name: Cheng, Bin
name: Zhang, Chuan
name: Miao, Feng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The growth of connected intelligent devices in the Internet of Things has created a pressing need for real-time processing and understanding of large volumes of analogue data. The difficulty in boosting the computing speed renders digital computing unable to meet the demand for processing analogue information that is intrinsically continuous in magnitude and time. By utilizing a continuous data representation in a nanoscale crossbar array, parallel computing can be implemented for the direct processing of analogue information in real time. Here, we propose a scalable massively parallel computing scheme by exploiting a continuous-time data representation and frequency multiplexing in a nanoscale crossbar array. This computing scheme enables the parallel reading of stored data and the one-shot operation of matrix-matrix multiplications in the crossbar array. Furthermore, we achieve the one-shot recognition of 16 letter images based on two physically interconnected crossbar arrays and demonstrate that the processing and modulation of analogue information can be simultaneously performed in a memristive crossbar array.
description: 18 pages, 4 figures
Table Caption Generation in Scholarly Documents Leveraging Pre-trained Language Models
Creators: name: Xu, Junjie H.
name: Shinden, Kohei
name: Kato, Makoto P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper addresses the problem of generating table captions for scholarly documents, which often require additional information outside the table. To this end, we propose a method of retrieving relevant sentences from the paper body, and feeding the table content as well as the retrieved sentences into pre-trained language models (e.g. T5 and GPT-2) for generating table captions. The contributions of this paper are: (1) discussion on the challenges in table captioning for scholarly documents; (2) development of a dataset DocBank-TB, which is publicly available; and (3) comparison of caption generation methods for scholarly documents with different strategies to retrieve relevant sentences from the paper body. Our experimental results showed that T5 is the better generation model for this task, as it outperformed GPT-2 in BLEU and METEOR implying that the generated text are clearer and more precise. Moreover, inputting relevant sentences matching the row header or whole table is effective.
Gravitational cracking and complexity in the framework of gravitational decoupling
Creators: name: Contreras, E.
name: Fuenmayor, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we analyse the stability of self gravitating spheres in the context of gravitational cracking. Besides exploring the role played by the anisotropy in the occurrence of cracking, we also study the effect of the complexity factor recently introduced by L. Herrera in Phys. Rev. D 97, 044010 (2018). The models under study correspond to anisotropic solutions obtained in the framework of the Gravitational Decoupling. The effect that the variation of the decoupling parameter and the compactness of the source have on the behaviour of the radial force is studied in detail.
title: Front Matter, Table of Contents, Preface, List of Contributed Talks, Conference Organization
Creators: name: Broadbent, Anne
Publisher: name: Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Front Matter
subject: Table of Contents
subject: Preface
subject: List of Contributed Talks
subject: Conference Organization

description: Front Matter, Table of Contents, Preface, List of Contributed Talks, Conference Organization
description: LIPIcs, Vol. 61, 11th Conference on the Theory of Quantum Computation, Communication and Cryptography (TQC 2016), pages 0:i-0:xii
Astrophysical Tests of Lorentz and CPT Violation with Photons
Creators: name: Kostelecky, Alan
name: Mewes, Matthew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A general framework for tests of Lorentz invariance with electromagnetic waves is presented, allowing for operators of arbitrary mass dimension. Signatures of Lorentz violations include vacuum birefringence, vacuum dispersion, and anisotropies. Sensitive searches for violations using sources such as active galaxies, gamma-ray bursts, and the cosmic microwave background are discussed. Direction-dependent dispersion constraints are obtained on operators of dimension 6 and 8 using gamma-ray bursts and the blazar Markarian 501. Stringent constraints on operators of dimension 3 are found using 5-year data from the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe. No evidence appears for isotropic Lorentz violation, while some support at one sigma is found for anisotropic violation.
description: 4 pages two-column ApJ format
title: Front Matter, Table of Contents, Preface, Conference Organization, External Reviewers
Creators: name: Talbot, Jean-Marc
name: Regnier, Laurent
Publisher: name: Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Front Matter
subject: Table of Contents
subject: Preface
subject: Conference Organization
subject: External Reviewers

description: Front Matter, Table of Contents, Preface, Conference Organization, External Reviewers
description: LIPIcs, Vol. 62, 25th EACSL Annual Conference on Computer Science Logic (CSL 2016), pages 0:i-0:xvi
Fighting Game Commentator with Pitch and Loudness Adjustment Utilizing Highlight Cues
Creators: name: Xu, Junjie H.
name: Fang, Zhou
name: Chen, Qihang
name: Ohno, Satoru
name: Paliyawan, Pujana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper presents a commentator for providing real-time game commentary in a fighting game. The commentary takes into account highlight cues, obtained by analyzing scenes during gameplay, as input to adjust the pitch and loudness of commentary to be spoken by using a Text-to-Speech (TTS) technology. We investigate different designs for pitch and loudness adjustment. The proposed AI consists of two parts: a dynamic adjuster for controlling pitch and loudness of the TTS and a real-time game commentary generator. We conduct a pilot study on a fighting game, and our result shows that by adjusting the loudness significantly according to the level of game highlight, the entertainment of the gameplay can be enhanced.
Free products, Orbit Equivalence and Measure Equivalence Rigidity
Creators: name: Alvarez, Aurélien
name: Gaboriau, Damien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study the analogue in orbit equivalence of free product decomposition and free indecomposability for countable groups. We introduce the (orbit equivalence invariant) notion of freely indecomposable ({\FI}) standard probability measure preserving equivalence relations and establish a criterion to check it, namely non-hyperfiniteness and vanishing of the first $L^2$-Betti number. We obtain Bass-Serre rigidity results, \textit{i.e.} forms of uniqueness in free product decompositions of equivalence relations with ({\FI}) components. The main features of our work are weak algebraic assumptions and no ergodicity hypothesis for the components. We deduce, for instance, that a measure equivalence between two free products of non-amenable groups with vanishing first $\ell^2$-Betti numbers is induced by measure equivalences of the components. We also deduce new classification results in Orbit Equivalence and II$_1$ factors.
description: minor additions
MPEC 2024-S183 : 2024 SG5
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2024 SG5

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Exchange interaction and correlations radically change behaviour of a quantum particle in a classically forbidden region
Creators: name: Flambaum, V. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Exchange interaction strongly influences the long-range behaviour of localised electron orbitals and quantum tunneling amplitudes. It violates the oscillation theorem (creates extra nodes) and produces a power-law decay instead of the usual exponential decrease at large distances. For inner orbitals inside molecules decay is $r^{-2}$, for macroscopic systems $\cos{(k_f r)} r^{-ν}$, where $k_f$ is the Fermi momentum and $ν=3$ for 1D, $ν=$3.5 for 2D and $ν=$4 for 3D crystal. Correlation corrections do not change these conclusions. Slow decay increases the exchange interaction between localized spins and the under-barrier tunneling amplitude. The under-barrier transmission coefficients in solids (e.g. for point contacts) become temperature-dependent.
Day-of-the-Week and Time-of-the-Day Patterns of Sedentary Behavior in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos
Creators: name: ZHAO, BEIBO
name: MOSSAVAR-RAHMANI, YASMIN
name: SOTRES-ALVAREZ, DANIELA
name: EVENSON, KELLY R.
name: ARREDONDO, ELVA M.
name: QI, QIBIN
name: ELFASSY, TALI
name: MARQUEZ, DAVID X.
name: DIAZ, KEITH M.
name: GREENLEE, HEATHER
name: VIDOT, DENISE C.
Publisher: name: Wolters Kluwer
Year: 2023

description:
PURPOSE: Existing sedentary behavior interventions have largely achieved mixed results. Conventionally, interventions have attempted to reduce sedentary behavior using a full-day approach. An alternative strategy may be to target specific periods during the day and/or week. This study examined the day-of-the-week (Monday to Sunday) and time-of-the-day patterns (3-and 6-h periods) of sedentary behavior among U.S. Hispanics/Latinos adults. METHODS: Participants ( n = 12,241) from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos, a multisite community-based prospective cohort study of Hispanic/Latino adults, were studied. Sedentary behavior was assessed for 1 wk using a hip-mounted accelerometer through total sedentary time, sedentary time in bouts ≥60 min, and total number of sedentary breaks. The temporal patterns of sedentary behavior metrics were evaluated using linear mixed effect models accounting for the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos complex survey design. RESULTS: There were statistically significant variations in temporal patterns across day-of-the-week and time-of-the-day periods for all three metrics ( P < 0.001). Adults were more sedentary on weekends than on weekdays and most sedentary on Sundays. The time-of-the-day patterns had a U-curve pattern wherein adults were most sedentary late at night, became less sedentary throughout the day, reached peak activeness around noon, then gradually became more sedentary into the evening. These patterns were largely robust across seasonality and most sociodemographic characteristics, including age, employment status, work shift schedule, acculturation, and field center. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that early mornings, evenings, and weekends were the more sedentary periods in this cohort of Hispanic/Latino adults, characterized by higher volumes of sedentary time, higher volumes of time in prolonged sedentary bouts, and fewer number of sedentary breaks than other time periods, highlighting important windows of opportunity to reduce sedentary behavior.
Discovering hidden sectors with mono-photon Z' searches
Creators: name: Gershtein, Yuri
name: Petriello, Frank
name: Quackenbush, Seth
name: Zurek, Kathryn M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In many theories of physics beyond the Standard Model, from extra dimensions to Hidden Valleys and models of dark matter, Z' bosons mediate between Standard Model particles and hidden sector states. We study the feasibility of observing such hidden states through an invisibly decaying Z' at the LHC. We focus on the process pp -> γZ' -> γX X*, where X is any neutral, (quasi-) stable particle, whether a Standard Model (SM) neutrino or a new state. This complements a previous study using pp -> Z Z' -> l+ l- X X*. Only the Z' mass and two effective charges are needed to describe this process. If the Z' decays invisibly only to Standard Model neutrinos, then these charges are predicted by observation of the Z' through the Drell-Yan process, allowing discrimination between Z' decays to SM neutrinos and invisible decays to new states. We carefully discuss all backgrounds and systematic errors that affect this search. We find that hidden sector decays of a 1 TeV Z' can be observed at 5 sigma significance with 50 fb^{-1} at the LHC. Observation of a 1.5 TeV state requires super-LHC statistics of 1 ab^{-1}. Control of the systematic errors, in particular the parton distribution function uncertainty of the dominant Z γbackground, is crucial to maximize the LHC search
description: 13 pages, 4 figures
Resonance Structure in the $γγ$ Invariant Mass Spectrum in $p$C- and $d$C-Interactions
Creators: name: Abraamyan, Kh. U.
name: Baznat, M. I.
name: Friesen, A. V.
name: Gudima, K. K.
name: Kozhin, M. A.
name: Lebedev, S. A.
name: Nazarenko, M. A.
name: Nikitin, S. A.
name: Ososkov, G. A.
name: Reznikov, S. G.
name: Sissakian, A. N.
name: Sorin, A. S.
name: Toneev, V. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Along with $π^0$ and $η$ mesons, a resonance structure in the invariant mass spectrum of two photons at $M_{γγ}= 360 \pm 7 \pm 9$ MeV is observed in the reaction $d C\toγ+ γ+X$ at momentum 2.75 GeV/c per nucleon. Estimates of its width and production cross section are $Γ= 63.7 \pm 17.8$ MeV and $σ_{γγ}=98\pm24^{+93}_{-67} {\rm μb}$, respectively. The collected statistics amount to $2339 \pm 340$ events of $1.5\cdot 10^6$ triggered interactions of a total number $\sim 10^{12}$ of $d$C-interactions. This resonance structure is not observed in $p$C collisions at the beam momentum 5.5 GeV/c. Possible mechanisms of this ABC-like effect are discussed.
Geodesic motion around hairy black holes
Creators: name: Ramos, A.
name: Arias, C.
name: Ávalos, R.
name: Contreras, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a recent paper (Phys. Dark Univ. {\bf 31}, 100744 (2021)) it has been obtained new static black hole solutions with primary hairs by the Gravitational Decoupling. In this work we either study the geodesic motion of massive and massless particles around those solutions and restrict the values of the primary hairs by observational data. In particular, we obtain the effective potential, the innermost stable circular orbits, the marginally bounded orbit, and the periastron advance for time--like geodesics. In order to restrict the values taken by the primary hairs we explore their relationship with the rotation parameter of the Kerr black hole giving the same innermost stable circular orbit radius and give the numerical values for the supermassive black holes at Ark 564 and NGC 1365. The photon sphere and the impact parameter associated to null geodesics are also discussed.
Modal Analysis and Coupling in Metal-Insulator-Metal Waveguides
Creators: name: Kocabaş, Şükrü Ekin
name: Veronis, Georgios
name: Miller, David A. B.
name: Fan, Shanhui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper shows how to analyze plasmonic metal-insulator-metal waveguides using the full modal structure of these guides. The analysis applies to all frequencies, particularly including the near infrared and visible spectrum, and to a wide range of sizes, including nanometallic structures. We use the approach here specifically to analyze waveguide junctions. We show that the full modal structure of the metal-insulator-metal (MIM) waveguides--which consists of real and complex discrete eigenvalue spectra, as well as the continuous spectrum--forms a complete basis set. We provide the derivation of these modes using the techniques developed for Sturm-Liouville and generalized eigenvalue equations. We demonstrate the need to include all parts of the spectrum to have a complete set of basis vectors to describe scattering within MIM waveguides with the mode-matching technique. We numerically compare the mode-matching formulation with finite-difference frequency-domain analysis and find very good agreement between the two for modal scattering at symmetric MIM waveguide junctions. We touch upon the similarities between the underlying mathematical structure of the MIM waveguide and the PT symmetric quantum mechanical pseudo-Hermitian Hamiltonians. The rich set of modes that the MIM waveguide supports forms a canonical example against which other more complicated geometries can be compared. Our work here encompasses the microwave results, but extends also to waveguides with real metals even at infrared and optical frequencies.
description: 17 pages, 13 figures, 2 tables, references expanded, typos fixed, figures slightly modified
SU(3)-Equivariant Quiver Gauge Theories and Nonabelian Vortices
Creators: name: Lechtenfeld, Olaf
name: Popov, Alexander D.
name: Szabo, Richard J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider SU(3)-equivariant dimensional reduction of Yang-Mills theory on Kaehler manifolds of the form M x SU(3)/H, with H = SU(2) x U(1) or H = U(1) x U(1). The induced rank two quiver gauge theories on M are worked out in detail for representations of H which descend from a generic irreducible SU(3)-representation. The reduction of the Donaldson-Uhlenbeck-Yau equations on these spaces induces nonabelian quiver vortex equations on M, which we write down explicitly. When M is a noncommutative deformation of the space C^d, we construct explicit BPS and non-BPS solutions of finite energy for all cases. We compute their topological charges in three different ways and propose a novel interpretation of the configurations as states of D-branes. Our methods and results generalize from SU(3) to any compact Lie group.
description: 1+56 pages, 9 figures; v2: clarifying comments added, final version to appear in JHEP
Tau Physics: Theory Overview
Creators: name: Pich, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The present status of some selected topics on tau physics is presented: charged-current universality tests, bounds on lepton-flavour violation, the determination of alpha_s from the inclusive tau hadronic width, the measurement of |V_{us}| through the Cabibbo-suppressed decays of the tau, and the theoretical description of the "tau -> nu_tau K pi" spectrum.
description: Invited talk at the 2008 International Workshop on e+e- collisions from Phi to Psi (PhiPsi08, Frascati, Italy, 7-10 April 2008)
Barriers and facilitators to the engagement of physical activity among Black and African American cancer survivors during and after treatments
Creators: name: Lea, Deirdre F.
name: Milner, John L.
name: Waheed, Myra
name: Valle, Carmina G.
name: Hilton, Alison
name: Xu, Jingle
name: Bryant, Ashley Leak
name: Hirschey, Rachel
name: Giannone, Kara
name: Teal, Randall
name: Triglianos, Tammy
name: Carda-Auten, Jessica
name: Wheeler, Stephanie B.
name: Duggins, Paulette
name: Coleman, Karia
Publisher: name: Springer Nature
Year: 2023

description:
Purpose To identify physical activity (PA) barriers and facilitators among Black and African American (Black/AA) cancer survivors that should be considered in future PA intervention development for this population. Methods A community advisory board (CAB) of Black/AA cancer survivors and patient advocates guided in-depth qualitative interviews (n = 19) that were completed via telephone using a semi-structured interview guide. Interviews were transcribed verbatim, and data were analyzed using directed content analysis to detail a report of PA barriers and facilitators during and after cancer treatment. The CAB reviewed and interpreted these barriers and facilitators to identify the final results. Results Survivors (n = 19) of nine different types of cancer completed interviews. PA barriers during cancer treatments included physical and psychological suffering. PA barriers after cancer treatments included social and environmental constraints (e.g., lack of access needed for PA, safety concerns, and competing priorities). PA facilitators both during and after cancer treatments included family support, faith, and support from other survivors. PA facilitators during treatment also included feeling better after doing PA, setting realistic and flexible goals, and gaining a sense of control of one’s health by striving for PA goals. Conclusions To increase PA among Black/AA cancer survivors, PA interventions are needed that address structural barriers, include the role of faith, leverage family support, highlight the psychological benefits of PA, and use goal setting.