cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Supplementary Tables from Intraspecific antagonism through viral toxin encoded by chronic Sulfolobus spindle-shaped virus
Creators: name: DeWerff, Samantha J.
name: Zhang, Changyi
name: Schneider, John
name: Whitaker, Rachel J.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Ecology

description: Virus–host interactions evolve along a symbiosis continuum from antagonism to mutualism. Long-term associations between virus and host, such as those in chronic infection, will select for traits that drive the interaction towards mutualism, especially when susceptible hosts are rare in the population. Virus–host mutualism has been demonstrated in thermophilic archaeal populations where Sulfolobus spindle-shaped viruses (SSVs) provide a competitive advantage to their host Sulfolobus islandicus by producing a toxin that kills uninfected strains. Here, we determine the genetic basis of this killing phenotype by identifying highly transcribed genes in cells that are chronically infected with a diversity of SSVs. We demonstrate that these genes alone confer growth inhibition by being expressed in uninfected cells via a Sulfolobus expression plasmid. Challenge of chronically infected strains with vector-expressed toxins revealed a nested network of cross-toxicity among divergent SSVs, with both broad and specific toxin efficacies. This suggests that competition between viruses and/or their hosts could maintain toxin diversity. We propose that competitive interactions among chronic viruses to promote their host fitness form the basis of virus–host mutualism.This article is part of the theme issue ‘The secret lives of microbial mobile genetic elements’.
Some degenerations of Kazhdan-Lusztig ideals and multiplicities of Schubert varieties
Creators: name: Li, Li
name: Yong, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14M15, 14N15

description: We study Hilbert-Samuel multiplicity for points of Schubert varieties in the complete flag variety, by Groebner degenerations of the Kazhdan-Lusztig ideal. In the covexillary case, we give a positive combinatorial rule for multiplicity by establishing (with a Groebner basis) a reduced and equidimensional limit whose Stanley-Reisner simplicial complex is homeomorphic to a shellable ball or sphere. We show that multiplicity counts the number of facets of this complex. We also obtain a formula for the Hilbert series of the local ring. In particular, our work gives a multiplicity rule for Grassmannian Schubert varieties, providing alternative statements and proofs to formulae of [Lakshmibai-Weyman '90], [Rosenthal-Zelevinsky '01], [Krattenthaler '01], [Kreiman-Lakshmibai '04] and [Woo-Yong '09]. We suggest extensions of our methodology to the general case.
description: 31 pages
Multi-Content Complementation Network for Salient Object Detection in Optical Remote Sensing Images
Creators: name: Li, Gongyang
name: Liu, Zhi
name: Lin, Weisi
name: Ling, Haibin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: In the computer vision community, great progresses have been achieved in salient object detection from natural scene images (NSI-SOD); by contrast, salient object detection in optical remote sensing images (RSI-SOD) remains to be a challenging emerging topic. The unique characteristics of optical RSIs, such as scales, illuminations and imaging orientations, bring significant differences between NSI-SOD and RSI-SOD. In this paper, we propose a novel Multi-Content Complementation Network (MCCNet) to explore the complementarity of multiple content for RSI-SOD. Specifically, MCCNet is based on the general encoder-decoder architecture, and contains a novel key component named Multi-Content Complementation Module (MCCM), which bridges the encoder and the decoder. In MCCM, we consider multiple types of features that are critical to RSI-SOD, including foreground features, edge features, background features, and global image-level features, and exploit the content complementarity between them to highlight salient regions over various scales in RSI features through the attention mechanism. Besides, we comprehensively introduce pixel-level, map-level and metric-aware losses in the training phase. Extensive experiments on two popular datasets demonstrate that the proposed MCCNet outperforms 23 state-of-the-art methods, including both NSI-SOD and RSI-SOD methods. The code and results of our method are available at https://github.com/MathLee/MCCNet.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures, Accepted by IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing 2021
Quantum Edge Detection
Creators: name: Llorens, Santiago
name: González, Walther
name: Sentís, Gael
name: Calsamiglia, John
name: Muñoz-Tapia, Ramon
name: Bagan, Emili
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper introduces quantum edge detection, aimed at locating boundaries of quantum domains where all particles share the same pure state. Focusing on the 1D scenario of a string of particles, we develop an optimal protocol for quantum edge detection, efficiently computing its success probability through Schur-Weyl duality and semidefinite programming techniques. We analyze the behavior of the success probability as a function of the string length and local dimension, with emphasis in the limit of long strings. We present a protocol based on square root measurement, which proves asymptotically optimal. Additionally, we explore a mixed quantum change point detection scenario where the state of particles transitions from known to unknown, which may find practical applications in detecting malfunctions in quantum devices
description: 13+6 pages, 2 figures, accepted for publication in Quantum
A model-independent test for scale-dependent non-Gaussianities in the CMB
Creators: name: Raeth, C.
name: Morfill, G.
name: Rossmanith, G.
name: Banday, A. J.
name: Gorski, K. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a model-independent method to test for scale-dependent non-Gaussianities in combination with scaling indices as test statistics. Therefore, surrogate data sets are generated, in which the power spectrum of the original data is preserved, while the higher order correlations are partly randomised by applying a scale-dependent shuffling procedure to the Fourier phases. We apply this method to the WMAP data of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) and find signatures for non-Gaussianities on large scales. Further tests are required to elucidate the origin of the detected anomalies.
description: accepted for publication in PRL, minor revisions, results unchanged, l(cut)-dependency added
Analysis of Coherence Properties of 3-rd Generation Synchrotron Sources and Free-Electron Lasers
Creators: name: Vartanyants, I. A.
name: Singer, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A general theoretical approach based on the results of statistical optics is used for the analysis of the transverse coherence properties of 3-rd generation synchrotron sources and x-ray free-electron lasers (XFEL). Correlation properties of the wavefields are calculated at different distances from an equivalent Gaussian Schell-model source. This model is used to describe coherence properties of the five meter undulator source at the synchrotron storage ring PETRA III. In the case of XFEL sources the decomposition of the statistical fields into a sum of independently propagating transverse modes is used for the analysis of the coherence properties of these new sources. A detailed calculation is performed for the parameters of the SASE1 undulator at the European XFEL. It is demonstrated that only a few modes contribute significantly to the total radiation field of that source.
description: 30 pages, 12 figures
Modelling cosmic masers in C-type shock waves -- the coexistence of Class I CH3OH and 1720 MHz OH masers
Creators: name: Nesterenok, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The collisional pumping of CH3OH and OH masers in non-dissociative C-type shock waves is studied. The chemical processes responsible for the evolution of molecule abundances in the shock wave are considered in detail. The large velocity gradient approximation is used to model radiative transfer in molecular lines. We present calculations of the optical depth in maser transitions of CH3OH and OH for a grid of C-type shock models that vary in cosmic ray ionization rate, gas density and shock speed. We show that pre-shock gas densities $n_{H,tot} = 2 \times 10^4-2 \times 10^5$ cm$^{-3}$ are optimal for pumping of methanol maser transitions. A complete collisional dissociation of methanol at the shock front takes place for shock speeds $u_{s} \gtrsim 25$ km s$^{-1}$. At high pre-shock gas density $n_{H,tot} = 2 \times 10^{6}$ cm$^{-3}$, the collisional dissociation of methanol takes place at shock speeds just above the threshold speed $u_{s} \approx 15-17.5$ km s$^{-1}$ corresponding to sputtering of icy mantles of dust grains. We show that the methanol maser transition E $4_{-1} \to 3_0$ at 36.2 GHz has the optical depth higher than that of the transition A$^+$ $7_0 \to 6_1$ at 44.1 GHz at high cosmic ray ionization rate $ζ_{H_2} \gtrsim 10^{-15}$ s$^{-1}$ and pre-shock gas density $n_{H,tot} = 2 \times 10^4$ cm$^{-3}$. These results can be applied to the interpretation of observational data on methanol masers near supernova remnants and in molecular clouds of the Central Molecular Zone. At the same time, a necessary condition for the operation of 1720 MHz OH masers is a high ionization rate of molecular gas, $ζ_{H_2} \gtrsim 10^{-15}$ s$^{-1}$. We find that physical conditions conducive to the operation of both hydroxyl and methanol masers are cosmic ray ionization rate $ζ_{H_2} \approx 10^{-15} - 3 \times 10^{-15}$ s$^{-1}$, and a narrow range of shock speeds.
description: 19 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
On sigma-delta-Picard-Vessiot extensions
Creators: name: Peón-Nieto, Ana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 12H05, 12H10, 39A10

description: We study the differential Galois theory of difference equations under weaker hypothesis on the field of constants of the automorphism. This framework yields a new approach to results by C.Hardouin and M.Singer, which answers possitively a question by M.Singer: under the classical hypothesis, the known results are still valid. In particular, our Galois group is isomorphic to theirs over a suitable field. We also explicitly calculate the number of connected components of the Galois group.
description: 12 pages
I-Boost: An integrative boosting approach for predicting survival time with multiple genomics platforms
Creators: name: Parker, J.S.
name: Fan, C.
name: Tanioka, M.
name: Perou, C.M.
name: Lin, D.-Y.
name: Wong, K.Y.
name: Nobel, A.B.
name: Zeng, D.
Publisher: name: BioMed Central Ltd.
Year: 2019

description: We propose a statistical boosting method, termed I-Boost, to integrate multiple types of high-dimensional genomics data with clinical data for predicting survival time. I-Boost provides substantially higher prediction accuracy than existing methods. By applying I-Boost to The Cancer Genome Atlas, we show that the integration of multiple genomics platforms with clinical variables improves the prediction of survival time over the use of clinical variables alone; gene expression values are typically more prognostic of survival time than other genomics data types; and gene modules/signatures are at least as prognostic as the collection of individual gene expression data.
Scale up to infinity: the UWB Indoor Global Positioning System
Creators: name: Santoro, Luca
name: Nardello, Matteo
name: Brunelli, Davide
name: Fontanelli, Daniele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Determining assets position with high accuracy and scalability is one of the most investigated technology on the market. The accuracy provided by satellites-based positioning systems (i.e., GLONASS or Galileo) is not always sufficient when a decimeter-level accuracy is required or when there is the need of localising entities that operate inside indoor environments. Scalability is also a recurrent problem when dealing with indoor positioning systems. This paper presents an innovative UWB Indoor GPS-Like local positioning system able to tracks any number of assets without decreasing measurements update rate. To increase the system's accuracy the mathematical model and the sources of uncertainties are investigated. Results highlight how the proposed implementation provides positioning information with an absolute maximum error below 20 cm. Scalability is also resolved thanks to DTDoA transmission mechanisms not requiring an active role from the asset to be tracked.
2020080548.pdf
Creators: name: Kanada Katiyar
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 90599 Civil Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Civil engineering

description: Concrete requires curing in order that cement hydration can proceed so as to allow for development of strength, durability and other mechanical characteristics. To obtain good concrete, the placing of an appropriate mix must be followed by curing in a suitable environment, especially during the early stages of hardening. Curing is the name given to procedures used for promoting hydration of cement, and consists of a control of temperature and moisture movement from and into the concrete. Curing as the process of protecting concrete for a specified period of time after placement, to provide moisture for hydration of the cement, to provide proper temperature and to protect the concrete from damage by loading or mechanical disturbance. The mechanical properties studied in this research are compressive strength at the both early and later ages. The compressive strengths throughout the study were tested for the specimens (concrete cubes ) at 1, 3, 7, 28 days.
The least common multiple of a quadratic sequence
Creators: name: Cilleruelo, Javier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11N37

description: For any irreducible quadratic polynomial f(x) in Z[x] we obtain the estimate log l.c.m.(f(1),...,f(n))= n log n + Bn + o(n) where B is a constant depending on f.
description: 26 pages
Measuring layer-dependent fMRI activity across layers in cognitive brain areas: challenges and capabilities
Creators: name: Huber, Laurentius
name: Emily, Finn
name: Jangraw, Davis
name: Bandettini, Peter
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2019

description: While recent advances in high-resolution fMRI allow for investigating activity across cortical layers, applications beyond the well-studied primary
sensory and primary motor areas have been complicated by multiple technical challenges: lack of anatomical landmarks, complicated folding structure, weak signal, restricted task design, etc. The purpose of this study is to develop a scanning/stimulation/analysis setup that allows us to overcome these challenges. Our results suggest that with advanced imaging methodology, corresponding task design, and appropriate analysis strategies it is possible to reliably measure layer-dependent activity differences in cognitive brain areas, such as the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex.
Double extensions of quasi-Frobenius Lie superalgebras with degenerate center
Creators: name: Bouarroudj, Sofiane
name: Ehret, Quentin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We develop the process of symplectic double extensions for Lie superalgebras with degenerate center. The construction is a superization of a recent work by Fischer, and generalize our previous work. We provide a standard model for such double extensions, where the symplectic form is either orthosymplectic or periplectic. Additionally, we show that every double extension is naturally equivalent to either of these two standard types of extensions. Several examples in low dimensions are given to illustrate the concept.
Additional file 1 of Evaluating qualitative data analysis workshops from the perspective of public contributors
Creators: name: Moult, Alice
name: McGrath, Carmel
name: Lippiett, Kate
name: Coope, Caroline
name: Turner, Andrew
name: Chillcott, Simon
name: Parton, Linda
name: Holloway, Pam
name: Dace, Sally
name: Gibson, Andy
name: Jinks, Clare
name: Paskins, Zoe
name: Portillo, Mari Carmen
name: Mann, Cindy
name: Dziedzic, Krysia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 1.
Supplementary Figures from Intraspecific antagonism through viral toxin encoded by chronic Sulfolobus spindle-shaped virus
Creators: name: DeWerff, Samantha J.
name: Zhang, Changyi
name: Schneider, John
name: Whitaker, Rachel J.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Ecology

description: Virus–host interactions evolve along a symbiosis continuum from antagonism to mutualism. Long-term associations between virus and host, such as those in chronic infection, will select for traits that drive the interaction towards mutualism especially when susceptible hosts are rare in the population. Virus–host mutualism has been demonstrated in thermophilic archaeal populations where Sulfolobus spindle-shaped viruses (SSVs) provide a competitive advantage to its host Sulfolobus islandicus by producing a toxin that kills uninfected strains. Here, we determine the genetic basis of this killing phenotype by identifying highly transcribed genes in cells that are chronically infected with a diversity of SSVs. We demonstrate that these genes alone confer growth inhibition by expressing these in uninfected cells via a Sulfolobus expression plasmid. Challenge of chronically infected strains with vector-expressed toxins revealed a nested network of cross-toxicity among divergent SSVs, with both broad and specific toxin efficacies. This suggests that competition between viruses and/or their hosts could maintain toxin diversity. We propose that competitive interactions among chronic viruses to promote their host fitness form the basis of virus–host mutualism.This article is part of the theme issue ‘The secret lives of microbial mobile genetic elements’.
Structural social support and cardiovascular disease risk factors in Hispanic/Latino adults with diabetes: results from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL)
Creators: name: Penedo, F.J.
name: Schneiderman, N.
name: Teng, Y.
name: Hernandez, R.
name: Birnbaum-Weitzman, O.
name: Carnethon, M.
name: Isasi, C.R.
name: Giachello, A.L.
name: Giacinto, R.E.
name: Zeng, D.
name: Daviglus, M.L.
name: Gallo, L.C.
name: Wu, D.
Publisher: name: Routledge
Year: 2018

description: Objective(s): Cross-sectional and longitudinal studies have yielded inconsistent findings on the associations of social support networks with cardiovascular health in Hispanic/Latino adults with diabetes. We examined the cross-sectional associations of structural social support and traditional cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in a diverse sample of Hispanic/Latino adults with diabetes. Research Design and Methods: This analysis included 2994 adult participants ages 18–74 with diabetes from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL–2008–2011). Select items from the Social Network Inventory (SNI) were used to assess indices of structural social support, i.e. network size (number of children, parents, and in-laws) and frequency of familial contact. Standardized methods were used to measure abdominal obesity, BMI, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, and smoking status. Multivariate regression was used to examine associations of structural support with individual CVD risk factors with demographics, acculturation, physical health, and psychological ill-being (depressive symptoms and anxiety) included as covariates. Results: There were no significant cross-sectional associations of structural support indices with abdominal obesity, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, or smoking status. There was a marginally significant (OR: 1.05; 95%CI 0.99–1.11) trend toward higher odds of obesity in participants reporting a larger family unit (including children, parents, and in-laws) and those with closer ties with extended family relatives (OR: 1.04; 95%CI 0.99–1.09). Conclusions: Structural social support was marginally associated with higher odds of obesity in Hispanic/Latino adults with diabetes. Alternate forms of social support (e.g. healthcare professionals, friends, peers) should be further explored as potential markers of cardiac risk in Hispanics/Latinos with diabetes.
Augmenting Customer Support with an NLP-based Receptionist
Creators: name: Barbosa, André
name: Godoy, Alan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we show how a Portuguese BERT model can be combined with structured data in order to deploy a chatbot based on a finite state machine to create a conversational AI system that helps a real-estate company to predict its client's contact motivation. The model achieves human level results in a dataset that contains 235 unbalanced labels. Then, we also show its benefits considering the business impact comparing it against classical NLP methods.
description: 11 pages, 2 figures, Symposium in Information and Human Language Technology (STIL)
Simulation of truncated normal variables
Creators: name: Robert, Christian P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We provide in this paper simulation algorithms for one-sided and two-sided truncated normal distributions. These algorithms are then used to simulate multivariate normal variables with restricted parameter space for any covariance structure.
description: This 1992 paper appeared in 1995 in Statistics and Computing and the gist of it is contained in Monte Carlo Statistical Methods (2004), but I receive weekly requests for reprints so here it is!
The Classification of Cotton
Creators: name: Bureau Of Agricultural Economics
name: Bureau Of Agricultural Economics
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1938
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: Excerpts from the report: As used in this publication, the quality of cotton is defined as the physical properties, characteristics, or attributes of cotton which affect its usefulness. The principal physical properties and characteristics of cotton which affect its quality are color, leaf and other foreign matter, ginning preparation, length of staple, uniformity or evenness of length, fineness, strength, and maturity. In general, the more desirable a cotton is from the standpoint of the use that can be made of it, the higher its quality is said to be; and the less useful a cotton is, the lower is its quality. Classification of cotton is built upon the principle of relative usefulness. Cotton classification or classing, for purposes of marketing and utilization, is the art and operation of systematically recognizing and identifying similarity in quality according to accepted scales of measurement, by a consistent method, and by the use of consistent terms of description. Against fixed scales of quality graduation (standards), comparisons are made by the senses of sight and touch. For grade, the sense of sight is principally used; for staple and character, sight and touch are used in combination.
Mechanizing lettuce production.
Creators: name: McLeod, Colin Dale
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Economic analyses, which indicated a need for reducing lettuce production costs, were the basis for feasibility studies of mechanizing some production processes. These processes are the thinning and weeding operations. Thinning can be eliminated by precision seeding while weeding can be reduced or eliminated by using a suitable mulch layer. Mechanization of these processes requires development of a mulch layer applying machine and a precision seeder capable of seeding through the mulch. A model of the precision seeder was designed, fabricated and tested. Test results were below the minimum acceptable performance level of the machine. Weaknesses in the model were obvious and modifications are recommended. These modifications should bring the model to an acceptable performance level. A model of the mulch layer applier was also designed and fabricated. Field testing was not completed, however, expected problems are discussed and alternatives are recommended. The practical feasibility of both these machines cannot be completely evaluated until the models have been thoroughly field tested.
Charge and Spin Sharpening Transitions on Dynamical Quantum Trees
Creators: name: Feng, Xiaozhou
name: Fishchenko, Nadezhda
name: Gopalakrishnan, Sarang
name: Ippoliti, Matteo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dynamics of monitored systems can exhibit a measurement-induced phase transition (MIPT) between entangling and disentangling phases, tuned by the measurement rate. When the dynamics obeys a continuous symmetry, the entangling phase further splits into a fuzzy phase and a sharp phase based on the scaling of fluctuations of the symmetry charge. While the sharpening transition for Abelian symmetries is well understood analytically, no such understanding exists for the non- Abelian case. In this work, building on a recent analytical solution of the MIPT on tree-like circuit architectures (where qubits are repatedly added or removed from the system in a recursive pattern), we study entanglement and sharpening transitions in monitored dynamical quantum trees obeying U (1) and SU (2) symmetries. The recursive structure of tree tensor networks enables powerful analytical and numerical methods to determine the phase diagrams in both cases. In the U (1) case, we analytically derive a Fisher-KPP-like differential equation that allows us to locate the critical point and identify its properties. We find that the entanglement/purification and sharpening transitions generically occur at distinct measurement rates. In the SU (2) case, we find that the fuzzy phase is generic, and a sharp phase is possible only in the limit of maximal measurement rate. In this limit, we analytically solve the boundaries separating the fuzzy and sharp phases, and find them to be in agreement with exact numerical simulations.
Non-perturbative improvement of stout-smeared three flavour clover fermions
Creators: name: Cundy, N.
name: Göckeler, M.
name: Horsley, R.
name: Kaltenbrunner, T.
name: Kennedy, A. D.
name: Nakamura, Y.
name: Perlt, H.
name: Pleiter, D.
name: Rakow, P. E. L.
name: Schäfer, A.
name: Schierholz, G.
name: Schiller, A.
name: Stüben, H.
name: Zanotti, J. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss a 3-flavour lattice QCD action with clover improvement in which the fermion matrix has single level stout smearing for the hopping terms together with unsmeared links for the clover term. With the (tree-level) Symanzik improved gluon action this constitutes the Stout Link Non-perturbative Clover or SLiNC action. To cancel O(a) terms the clover term coefficient has to be tuned. We present here results of a non-perturbative determination of this coefficient using the Schroedinger functional and as a by-product a determination of the critical hopping parameter. Comparisons of the results are made with lowest order perturbation theory.
description: 30 pages, 13 figures, minor changes, published version
Optimization of phase-only holograms calculated with scaled diffraction calculation through deep neural networks
Creators: name: Ishii, Yoshiyuki
name: Shimobaba, Tomoyoshi
name: Blinder, David
name: Birnbaum, Tobias
name: Schelkens, Peter
name: Kakue, Takashi
name: Ito, Tomoyoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Computer-generated holograms (CGHs) are used in holographic three-dimensional (3D) displays and holographic projections. The quality of the reconstructed images using phase-only CGHs is degraded because the amplitude of the reconstructed image is difficult to control. Iterative optimization methods such as the Gerchberg-Saxton (GS) algorithm are one option for improving image quality. They optimize CGHs in an iterative fashion to obtain a higher image quality. However, such iterative computation is time consuming, and the improvement in image quality is often stagnant. Recently, deep learning-based hologram computation has been proposed. Deep neural networks directly infer CGHs from input image data. However, it is limited to reconstructing images that are the same size as the hologram. In this study, we use deep learning to optimize phase-only CGHs generated using scaled diffraction computations and the random phase-free method. By combining the random phase-free method with the scaled diffraction computation, it is possible to handle a zoomable reconstructed image larger than the hologram. In comparison to the GS algorithm, the proposed method optimizes both high quality and speed.
Apolipoprotein E genotypes among diverse middle-aged and older Latinos: Study of Latinos-Investigation of Neurocognitive Aging results (HCHS/SOL)
Creators: name: Vásquez, P.M.
name: Zeng, D.
name: Jian, X.
name: Tarraf, W.
name: Kaplan, R.
name: Lamar, M.
name: Daviglus, M.
name: Thyagarajan, B.
name: Gallo, L.C.
name: González, H.M.
name: Fornage, M.
Publisher: name: Nature Publishing Group
Year: 2018

description: The apoE4 isoform is associated with increased cholesterol, cardiovascular risk, and Alzheimer’s Disease risk, however, its distribution is not well-understood among US Latinos. Latinos living in the US are highly Amerindian, European and African admixed, which varies by region and country of origin. However, Latino genetic diversity is understudied and consequently poorly understood, which has significant implications for understanding disease risk in nearly one-fifth of the US population. In this report we describe apoE distributions in a large and representative sample of diverse, genetically determined US Latinos.
The effect of the length and structure of sentences upon the silent reading process
Creators: name: Holland, Benjamin F.
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 1931
Subjects: subject: Silent reading
subject: Reading physiology
subject: Reading research
subject: Eye tracking
subject: Eye movements
subject: Reading and sentence structure
subject: Reading and sentence length
subject: Reading eye movement
subject: Silent reading--Physiological aspects
subject: Reading--Research
subject: Eye tracking
subject: Reading--Physiological aspects
subject: English--Sentences

description: The extent to which the length and structure of sentences affect the processes involved in silent reading is a problem which has received little attention in the fundamental investigations of reading. This study is an attempt to deal experimentally, by means of an analysis of photographic records of eye movements, with certain phases of this problem. The specific questions and problems to which attention will be given are as follows: (1) Will an analysis of the photographic records of eye movements reveal differences in the reactions of subjects to complex or compound sentences and to simple sentences containing the same content? (2) What effect does a dependent clause at the beginning of a complex sentence have on the reading process as compared with the effect of a simple sentence containing the same content? (3) Are compound sentences read in the same manner as simple sentences which contain the same words? (4) In what respects does the reading of a long sentence differ from the reading of a group of short sentences having the same content? In brief, what is the effect of the length and the structure of sentences on the processes involved in silent reading by subjects selected from different school grades?
Tuning Message Size in Opportunistic Mobile Networks
Creators: name: Whitbeck, John
name: Conan, Vania
name: de Amorim, Marcelo Dias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: C.2.1; C.2.4

description: We describe a new model for studying intermittently connected mobile networks, based on Markovian random temporal graphs, that captures the influence of message size, maximum tolerated delay and link stability on the delivery ratio.
description: 2 pages, 2 figures (Short paper accompanying a poster)
Additional file 2 of Evaluating qualitative data analysis workshops from the perspective of public contributors
Creators: name: Moult, Alice
name: McGrath, Carmel
name: Lippiett, Kate
name: Coope, Caroline
name: Turner, Andrew
name: Chillcott, Simon
name: Parton, Linda
name: Holloway, Pam
name: Dace, Sally
name: Gibson, Andy
name: Jinks, Clare
name: Paskins, Zoe
name: Portillo, Mari Carmen
name: Mann, Cindy
name: Dziedzic, Krysia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 2.
Status of ETMC simulations with Nf=2+1+1 twisted mass fermions
Creators: name: Baron, Rémi
name: Boucaud, Philippe
name: Deuzeman, Albert
name: Drach, Vincent
name: Farchioni, Federico
name: Gimenez, Vicent
name: Herdoiza, Gregorio
name: Jansen, Karl
name: Montvay, István
name: Palao, David
name: Pallante, Elisabetta
name: Pène, Olivier
name: Reker, Siebren
name: Scholz, Enno E.
name: Urbach, Carsten
name: Wagner, Marc
name: Wenger, Urs
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the status of runs performed in the twisted mass formalism with $N_{\rm f}=2+1+1$ flavours of dynamical fermions: a degenerate light doublet and a mass split heavy doublet. The procedure for tuning to maximal twist will be described as well as the current status of the runs using both thin and stout links. Preliminary results for a few observables obtained on ensembles at maximal twist will be given. Finally, a reweighting procedure to tune to maximal twist will be described.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures, talk presented at the XXVI International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory, July 14-19, 2008, Williamsburg, Virginia, USA
Targeted screening strategies to detect Trypanosoma cruzi infection in children
Creators: name: Bowman, N.M.
name: Cabrera, L.
name: Cordova-Benzaquen, E.
name: Waller, L.A.
name: Gilman, R.H.
name: Maguire, J.H.
name: Kawai, V.
name: Steurer, F.J.
name: Cornejo del Carpio, J.G.
name: Pinedo-Cancino, V.V.
name: Seitz, A.E.
name: Levy, M.Z.
name: Bern, C.
Publisher: name: Public Library of Science
Year: 2007

description: Background: Millions of people are infected with Trypanosoma cruzi, the causative agent of Chagas disease in Latin America. Anti-trypanosomal drug therapy can cure infected individuals, but treatment efficacy is highest early in infection. Vector control campaigns disrupt transmission of T. cruzi, but without timely diagnosis, children infected prior to vector control often miss the window of opportunity for effective chemotherapy. Methods and Findings: We performed a serological survey in children 2-18 years old living in a peri-urban community of Arequipa, Peru, and linked the results to entomological, spatial and census data gathered during a vector control campaign. 23 of 433 (5.3% [95% Cl 3.4-7.9]) children were confirmed seropositive for T. cruzi infection by two methods. Spatial analysis revealed that households with infected children were very tightly clustered within looser clusters of households with parasite-infected vectors. Bayesian hierarchical mixed models, which controlled for clustering of infection, showed that a child's risk of being seropositive increased by 20% per year of age and 4% per vector captured within the child's house. Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) plots of best-fit models suggest that more than 83% of infected children could be identified while testing only 22% of eligible children. Conclusions: We found evidence of spatially-focal vector-borne T. cruzi transmission in peri-urban Arequipa. Ongoing vector control campaigns, in addition to preventing further parasite transmission, facilitate the collection of data essential to identifying children at high risk of T. cruzi infection. Targeted screening strategies could make integration of diagnosis and treatment of children into Chagas disease control programs feasible in lower-resource settings.
G17.8+16.7: A New Supernova Remnant
Creators: name: Araya, Miguel
name: Hurley-Walker, Natasha
name: Quirós-Araya, Sebastián
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Non-thermal radio emission is detected in the region of the gamma-ray source FHES J1723.5-0501. The emission has an approximately circular shape 0.8 degrees in diameter. The observations confirm its nature as a new supernova remnant, G17.8+16.7. We derive constraints on the source parameters using the radio data and gamma-ray observations of the region. The distance to the object is possibly in the range 1.4-3.5 kpc. An SNR age of the order of 10 kyr is compatible with the radio and GeV features, but an older or younger SNR cannot be ruled out. A simple one-zone leptonic model naturally explains the multi-wavelength non-thermal fluxes of the source at its location outside the Galactic plane.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures. Accepted in MNRAS
A high-level comparison of state-of-the-art quantum algorithms for breaking asymmetric cryptography
Creators: name: Ekerå, Martin
name: Gärtner, Joel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide a high-level cost comparison between Regev's quantum algorithm with Ekerå-Gärtner's extensions on the one hand, and existing state-of-the-art quantum algorithms for factoring and computing discrete logarithms on the other. This when targeting cryptographically relevant problem instances, and when accounting for the space-saving optimizations of Ragavan and Vaikuntanathan that apply to Regev's algorithm, and optimizations such as windowing that apply to the existing algorithms.
 Our conclusion is that Regev's algorithm without the space-saving optimizations may achieve a per-run advantage, but not an overall advantage, if non-computational quantum memory is cheap. Regev's algorithm with the space-saving optimizations does not achieve an advantage, since it uses more computational memory, whilst also performing more work, per run and overall, compared to the existing state-of-the-art algorithms. As such, further optimizations are required for it to achieve an advantage for cryptographically relevant problem instances.
Periurban Trypanosoma cruzi-infected Triatoma infestans, Arequipa, Peru
Creators: name: Benzaquen, E.C.
name: Kawai, V.
name: Waller, L.A.
name: Del Carpio, J.G.C.
name: Bowman, N.M.
name: Bern, C.
name: Levy, M.Z.
name: Gilman, R.H.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2006

description: In Arequipa, Peru, vectorborne transmission of Chagas disease by Triatoma infestans has become an urban problem. We conducted an entomologic survey in a periurban community of Arequipa to identify risk factors for triatomine infestation and determinants of vector population densities. Of 374 households surveyed, triatomines were collected from 194 (52%), and Trypanosoma cruzi-carrying triatomines were collected from 72 (19.3%). Guinea pig pens were more likely than other animal enclosures to be infested and harbored 2.38x as many triatomines. Stacked brick and adobe enclosures were more likely to have triatomines, while wire mesh enclosures were protected against infestation. In human dwellings, only fully stuccoed rooms were protected against infestation. Spatially, households with triatomines were scattered, while households with T. cruzi-infected triatomines were clustered. Keeping small animals in wire mesh cages could facilitate control of T. infestans in this densely populated urban environment.
A Photon Peak due to Strong Coupling
Creators: name: Casalderrey-Solana, Jorge
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that if a flavour-less vector meson remains bound after deconfinement, and if its limiting velocity in the quark-gluon plasma is subluminal, then this meson produces a distinct peak in the spectrum of thermal photons emitted by the plasma. We also demonstrate that this effect is a universal property of all strongly coupled, large-$\nc$ plasmas with a gravity dual. For the $J/Ψ$ the corresponding peak lies between 3 and 5 GeV and could be observed at the LHC.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures - To appear in the conference proceedings for Quark Matter 2009, March 30 - April 4, Knoxville, Tennessee. V2: minor corrections
Estimating Causal Peer Influence in Homophilous Social Networks by Inferring Latent Locations
Creators: name: McFowland, Edward
name: Shalizi, Cosma Rohilla
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Science Policy

description: Social influence cannot be identified from purely observational data on social networks, because such influence is generically confounded with latent homophily, that is, with a node’s network partners being informative about the node’s attributes and therefore its behavior. If the network grows according to either a latent community (stochastic block) model, or a continuous latent space model, then latent homophilous attributes can be consistently estimated from the global pattern of social ties. We show that, for common versions of those two network models, these estimates are so informative that controlling for estimated attributes allows for asymptotically unbiased and consistent estimation of social-influence effects in linear models. In particular, the bias shrinks at a rate that directly reflects how much information the network provides about the latent attributes. These are the first results on the consistent nonexperimental estimation of social-influence effects in the presence of latent homophily, and we discuss the prospects for generalizing them.
Additional file 3 of Evaluating qualitative data analysis workshops from the perspective of public contributors
Creators: name: Moult, Alice
name: McGrath, Carmel
name: Lippiett, Kate
name: Coope, Caroline
name: Turner, Andrew
name: Chillcott, Simon
name: Parton, Linda
name: Holloway, Pam
name: Dace, Sally
name: Gibson, Andy
name: Jinks, Clare
name: Paskins, Zoe
name: Portillo, Mari Carmen
name: Mann, Cindy
name: Dziedzic, Krysia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 3.
Depinning of a discrete elastic string from a two dimensional random array of weak pinning points
Creators: name: Proville, Laurent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The present work is essentially concerned with the development of statistical theory for the low temperature dislocation glide in concentrated solid solutions where atom-sized obstacles impede plastic flow. In connection with such a problem, we compute analytically the external force required to drag an elastic string along a discrete two-dimensional square lattice, where some obstacles have been randomly distributed. The corresponding numerical simulations allow us to demonstrate a remarkable agreement between simulations and theory for an obstacle density ranging from 1 to 50 % and for lattices with different aspect ratios. The theory proves efficient on the condition that the obstacle-chain interaction remains sufficiently weak compared to the string stiffness.
description: 21 pages
Inverse Scattering Problem for Sturm--Liouville Operators
Creators: name: Asatryan, Hayk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 34A55 (Primary), 34L25, 34L40 (Secondary)

description: On the space $L^{2}(\mathbb{R})$ the Sturm-Liouville operator $L$ with certain behavior of the potential at infinity is considered. It is proved that $L$ is uniquely determined by its scattering data. The recovery of $L$ is reduced to the solving of a certain linear integral equation.