cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Constructing phase space distributions with internal symmetries
Creators: name: Mueller, Niklas
name: Venugopalan, Raju
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss an ab initio world-line approach to constructing phase space distributions in systems with internal symmetries. Starting from the Schwinger-Keldysh real time path integral in quantum field theory, we derive the most general extension of the Wigner phase space distribution to include color and spin degrees of freedom in terms of dynamical Grassmann variables. The corresponding Liouville distribution for colored particles, which obey Wong's equation, has only singlet and octet components, while higher moments are fully constrained by the Grassmann algebra. The extension of phase space dynamics to spin is represented by a generalization of the Pauli-Lubanski vector; its time evolution via the Bargmann-Michel-Telegdi equation also follows from the phase space trajectories of the underlying Grassmann coordinates. Our results for the Liouville phase space distribution in systems with both spin and color are of interest in fields as diverse as chiral fluids, finite temperature field theory and polarized parton distribution functions. We also comment on the role of the chiral anomaly in the phase space dynamics of spinning particles.
description: 13 pages, references added, typo corrected, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D
Galactic planetary nebulae with Wolf-Rayet nuclei. II. A consistent observational data set
Creators: name: Pena, M.
name: Stasinska, G.
name: Medina, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present high resolution spectrophotometric data for 34 galactic planetary nebulae with [WC] nuclei (WRPNe).The sample includes PNe with early and late [WC] stars and some WELS. Physical conditions and chemical abundances have been derived and expansion velocities were estimated for most objects of the sample. A statistical study was developed to find fundamental relationships between the nebular and central star parameters.We found evidence for a strong unexpected electron temperature gradient in WRPNe which is related to nebular excitation. Abundance ratios indicate that there seems to be no preferential stellar mass for the WR phenomenon to occur in the nucleus of a planetary nebula. The PNe M 1-25 and M 1-32 were found to have very small Ne/O ratios.Our data confirm the trend of the electron density decreasing with decreasing spectral type, which was interpreted as evidence that [WC] stars evolve from late to early [WC] types. On the other hand, the expansion velocities do not show the increase with decreasing spectral type, that one might expect in such a scenario. Two objects with very late [WC] central stars, K 2-16 and PM 1-188, do not follow the general density sequence, being of very low density for their spectral types. We suggest that the stars either underwent a late helium flash (the ``born again'' scenario) or that they have had a particularly slow evolution from the AGB. The 6 WELS of our sample follow the same density vs. [WC]-type relation as the bona fide WRPNe, but they tend to have smaller expansion velocities. The comparison between the WRPNe in the Magellanic Clouds and in the Galaxy indicates that metallicity affects the [WR] phenomenon in central stars of planetary nebulae.
description: 20 pages, including 2 figures and 3 tables. Paper accepted in Astronomy and Astrophysics, 2001
First order transition from ferro- to antiferromagnetism in CeFe$_2$ based pseudobinary alloys
Creators: name: Manekar, Meghmalhar
name: Roy, S. B.
name: Chaddah, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results of ac susceptibility measurements highlighting the presence of thermal hysteresis and phase coexistence across the ferro-to antiferromagnetic transition in various CeFe$_2$ based pseudobinary systems. These results indicate that the ferro-to antiferromagnetic transition in these systems is first order in nature.
description: 10 pages,5 figures; To appear in Journal of Physics:Condensed Matter
Bipolar hypershell models of the extended hot interstellar medium in spiral galaxies
Creators: name: Sofue, Yoshiaki
name: Vogler, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We simulated the million degree interstellar medium and its soft X-ray images in the disk and halo of spiral galaxies using the bipolar hypershell (BHS) model. In this model hourglass-shaped expanding shells of several kpc radii are produced by a sudden energy release in the central region. We then applied our model to a mini-sample of starburst galaxies seen under different inclinations suhc as the nearly edge-on galaxies NGC 253. Our results reproduce the X-ray characteristics observed in the 0.1--2.4 keV ROSAT energy band: The bipolar hypershell morphology, the spectral energy distribution of the diffuse disk and halo emission as well as absorption gaps in the diffuse X-ray emission caused by a shadowing of soft X-rays due to cold intervening gas in the disks of the galaxies. The required total energy for the starburst is estimated to be of the order of $10^{55}$ ergs, corresponding to the overall kinetic energy generated in $\sim 10^4$ type-II supernova explosions. The expansion velocity of the shells is estimated to be $\sim 200$ \kms, which is necessary to heat the gas to $\sim 0.2$ keV (2.3 million K), and the age to be of the order of $3 \times 10^7$ years. In the case of the very nearby galaxy NGC 253 all characteristics of the BHS model can be studied with high spatial resolution. Using the property that the shell morphology is sensitive to the ambient density distribution, we propose using soft X-ray data to probe the gas distributions in the disk, halo and intergalactic space. The application of our model to images at higher spatial and spectral resolution, as provided by Chandra and XMM, will help us to further disentangle the ISM density distributions and will lead to a better understanding of the disk halo interface.
description: To appear in Astron. Astrophys, Latex 9 pages, 6 figures in gif
Crystal stability and optical properties of organic chain compounds
Creators: name: Zupanovic, P.
name: Bjelis, A.
name: Barisic, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The solution to the long standing problem of the cohesion of organic chain compounds is proposed. We consider the tight-binding dielectric matrix with two electronic bands per chain, determine the corresponding hybridized collective modes, and show that three among them are considerably softened due to strong dipole-dipole and monopole-dipole interactions. By this we explain the unusual low frequency optical activity of TTF-TCNQ, including the observed 10meV anomaly. The softening of the modes also explains the cohesion of the mixed-stack lattice, the fractional charge transfer almost independent of the material, and the formation of the charged sheets in some compounds.
description: 7 pages, 1 figure, to be published in Europhysics Letters
Modelling fluctuations of financial time series: from cascade process to stochastic volatility model
Creators: name: Muzy, J. F.
name: Delour, J.
name: Bacry, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we provide a simple, ``generic'' interpretation of multifractal scaling laws and multiplicative cascade process paradigms in terms of volatility correlations. We show that in this context 1/f power spectra, as observed recently by Bonanno et al., naturally emerge. We then propose a simple solvable ``stochastic volatility'' model for return fluctuations. This model is able to reproduce most of recent empirical findings concerning financial time series: no correlation between price variations, long-range volatility correlations and multifractal statistics. Moreover, its extension to a multivariate context, in order to model portfolio behavior, is very natural. Comparisons to real data and other models proposed elsewhere are provided.
description: 21 pages, 5 figures
Using APOGEE Wide Binaries to Test Chemical Tagging with Dwarf Stars
Creators: name: Andrews, Jeff J.
name: Anguiano, Borja
name: Chanamé, Julio
name: Agüeros, Marcel A.
name: Lewis, Hannah M.
name: Hayes, Christian R.
name: Majewski, Steven R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Stars of a common origin are thought to have similar, if not nearly identical, chemistry. Chemical tagging seeks to exploit this fact to identify Milky Way subpopulations through their unique chemical fingerprints. In this work, we compare the chemical abundances of dwarf stars in wide binaries to test the abundance consistency of stars of a common origin. Our sample of 31 wide binaries is identified from a catalog produced by cross-matching APOGEE stars with UCAC5 astrometry, and we confirm the fidelity of this sample with precision parallaxes from Gaia DR2. For as many as 14 separate elements, we compare the abundances between components of our wide binaries, finding they have very similar chemistry (typically within 0.1 dex). This level of consistency is more similar than can be expected from stars with different origins (which show typical abundance differences of 0.3-0.4 dex within our sample). For the best measured elements, Fe, Si, K, Ca, Mn, and Ni, these differences are reduced to 0.05-0.08 dex when selecting pairs of dwarf stars with similar temperatures. Our results suggest that APOGEE dwarf stars may currently be used for chemical tagging at the level of $\sim$0.1 dex or at the level of $\sim$0.05 dex when restricting for the best-measured elements in stars of similar temperatures. Larger wide binary catalogs may provide calibration sets, in complement to open cluster samples, for on-going spectroscopic surveys.
description: 21 pages, 14 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
On the radio spectrum of CI Cygni: a test of popular models for symbiotic stars
Creators: name: Mikolajewska, J.
name: Ivison, R. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have determined the spectral energy distribution at wavelengths between 6 cm and 0.85 mm for the proto-typical S(stellar)-type symbiotic star, CI Cygni, during quiescence. Data were obtained simultaneously with the Very Large Array and the SCUBA sub-millimetre (sub-mm) camera on the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope. The data have allowed us to determine the free-free turnover frequency of the ionised component, facilitating a model-dependent estimate of the binary separation to compare with the known orbital parameters of CI Cug and to critically test the known models for radio emission from symbiotic stars. In particular, our data rule out the two most popular models: ionization of the giant wind by Lyman continuum photons from its hot companion and emission resulting from the interaction of winds from the two binary components.
description: to appear in MNRAS, 6 pages, 1 figure
Onitis numida subsp. marginicollis Balthasar 1929
Creators: name: Bezděk, Aleš
name: Hájek, Jiří
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Scarabaeidae
Onitis
Onitis numida
Onitis numida marginicollis balthasar, 1929

description: Onitis numida marginicollis Balthasar, 1929
 Onitis numida var. marginicollis Balthasar, 1929: 113.
The holotype is deposited in NMPC (ex coll. V. Balthasar):
HOLOTYPE (unsexed specimen): ‘Turkestan [hw] // v. marginicollis m. [hw] / Det. Dr. Balthasar [p] / Typus [hw] //
Typus [p, red label] // ex coll. V. Balthasar / National Museum / Prague, Czech Republic [p]’.
 Current status. Valid subspecies.
 Remark. Very probably, this taxon was described according to a mislabeled specimen (KABA- KOV 2006), and its revision is thus necessary.
description: Published as part of Bezděk, Aleš & Hájek, Jiří, 2013, Catalogue of type specimens of beetles (Coleoptera) deposited in the National Museum, Prague, Czech Republic, pp. 387-442 in Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 53 (1) on pages 390-391, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5739743
Supercritical Water Gasification: Practical Design Strategies and Operational Challenges for Lab-Scale, Continuous Flow Reactors
Creators: name: Pinkard, Brian R.
name: Gorman, David J.
name: Tiwari, Kartik
name: Rasmussen, Elizabeth G.
name: Kramlich, John C.
name: Reinhall, Per G.
name: Novosselov, Igor V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Optimizing an industrial-scale supercritical water gasification process requires detailed knowledge of chemical reaction pathways, rates, and product yields. Laboratory-scale reactors are employed to develop this knowledge base. The rationale behind designs and component selection of continuous flow, laboratory-scale supercritical water gasification reactors is analyzed. Some design challenges have standard solutions, such as pressurization and preheating, but issues with solid precipitation and feedstock pretreatment still present open questions. Strategies for reactant mixing must be evaluated on a system-by-system basis, depending on feedstock and experimental goals, as mixing can affect product yields, char formation, and reaction pathways. In-situ Raman spectroscopic monitoring of reaction chemistry promises to further fundamental knowledge of gasification and decrease experimentation time. High-temperature, high-pressure spectroscopy in supercritical water conditions is performed, however, long-term operation flow cell operation is challenging. Comparison of Raman spectra for decomposition of formic acid in the supercritical region and cold section of the reactor demonstrates the difficulty in performing quantitative spectroscopy in the hot zone. Future designs and optimization of SCWG reactors should consider well-established solutions for pressurization, heating, and process monitoring, and effective strategies for mixing and solids handling for long-term reactor operation and data collection.
Understanding Economic Self-Sufficiency among Nepali Bhutanese Refugees in Pittsburgh
Creators: name: Lee, Kayla
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 160303 Migration
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Pittsburgh is home to one of the largest Nepali Bhutanese refugee community in the United States as a result of secondary migration (refugees who were resettled in other parts of the United States and voluntarily moved to Pittsburgh.) Due to this community's growing presence, the local media often highlights the successful refugee stories that come from this community. These individuals are often portrayed as self-sufficient. Their success is based on a model of self-sufficiency that stems from the U.S. refugee resettlement program's definition of self-sufficiency, which is focused on achieving an end goal. From the perspective of Nepali Bhutanese refugees, there is no end goal of self-sufficiency. Architects of immigration and refugee policy have evaluated the effectiveness of the self-sufficiency model by measuring refugee household incomes. This measurement reflects the self-sufficiency model's emphasis on quick employment and less dependence on welfare. In addition, these measurements generalize refugee groups into a single category, which does not allow for the consideration of differences among refugee groups. This provides only a limited view of refugee self-sufficiency. Through ethnographic methods (Narrative Research and Grounded Theory,) this research study aims to understand self-sufficiency among Nepali Bhutanese refugees in Pittsburgh. It begins by stepping away from the notion of "achieving" self-sufficiency and evaluating the concept beyond financial or material rewards. This study aims to create a more comprehensive understanding of self-sufficiency through the narratives of ten Nepali Bhutanese refugees.
New vistas in charm production
Creators: name: Szczurek, Antoni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss some new aspects of charm production trigerred by recent observations of the LHCb collaboration. The LHCb collaboration measured small asymmetries in production of $D^+ D^-$ mesons as well as $D_s^+ D_s^-$ mesons. Is this related to initial quark/antiquark asymmetries in the proton ? Here we discuss a scenario in which unfavored fragmentations $q/{\bar q} \to D$ and $s/{\bar s} \to D_s$ are responsible for the asymmetries. We fix the strength of such fragmentations -- transition probabilities, by adjusting to the size of the LHCb asymmetries. This has consequences for production of $D$ mesons in forward directions (large $x_F$) as well as at low energies. Large asymmetries are predicted then in these regions. We present here some of our predictions. Consequences for high-energy neutrino production in the atmosphere are discussed and quantified. The production of $Λ_c$ baryon at the LHC is disussed. Large deviations from the independent-parton fragmentation picture are found.
description: 10 pages, 13 figures invited talk at ISMD2018, Singapore, September 4-7, 2018
Toric geometry and the dual of $c$-extremization
Creators: name: Gauntlett, Jerome P.
name: Martelli, Dario
name: Sparks, James
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider D3-brane gauge theories at an arbitrary toric Calabi-Yau 3-fold cone singularity that are then further compactified on a Riemann surface $Σ_g$, with an arbitrary partial topological twist for the global $U(1)$ symmetries. This constitutes a rich, infinite class of two-dimensional $(0,2)$ theories. Under the assumption that such a theory flows to a SCFT, we show that the supergravity formulas for the central charge and $R$-charges of BPS baryonic operators of the dual AdS$_3$ solution may be computed using only the toric data of the Calabi-Yau 3-fold and the topological twist parameters. We exemplify the procedure for both the $Y^{p,q}$ and $X^{p,q}$ 3-fold singularities, along with their associated dual quiver gauge theories, showing that the new supergravity results perfectly match the field theory results obtained using $c$-extremization, for arbitrary twist over $Σ_g$. We furthermore conjecture that the trial central charge $\mathscr{Z}$, which we define in gravity, matches the field theory trial $c$-function off-shell, and show this holds in non-trivial examples. Finally, we check our general geometric formulae against a number of explicitly known supergravity solutions.
description: 62 pages. Typos corrected, published version
CuSiO_3 : a quasi - one - dimensional S=1/2 antiferromagnetic chain system
Creators: name: Baenitz, M.
name: Geibel, C.
name: Dischner, M.
name: Sparn, G.
name: Steglich, F.
name: Otto, H. H.
name: Meibohm, M.
name: Gippius, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: CuSiO_3, isotypic to the spin - Peierls compound CuGeO_3, was discovered recently as a metastable decomposition product of the silicate mineral dioptase, Cu_6Si_6O_{18}\cdot6H_2O. We investigated the physical properties of CuSiO_3 using susceptibility, magnetization and specific heat measurements on powder samples. The magnetic susceptibility χ(T) is reproduced very well above T = 8 K by theoretical calculations for an S=1/2 antiferromagnetic Heisenberg linear chain without frustration (α= 0) and a nearest - neighbor exchange coupling constant of J/k_{B} = 21 K, much weaker than in CuGeO_3. Below 8 K the susceptibility exhibits a substantial drop. This feature is identified as a second - order phase transition at T_{0} = 7.9 K by specific heat measurements. The influence of magnetic fields on T_{0} is weak, and ac - magnetization measurements give strong evidence for a spin - flop - phase at μ_0H_{SF} ~ 3 T. The origin of the magnetic phase transition at T_{0} = 7.9 K is discussed in the context of long - range antiferromagnetic order (AF) versus spin - Peierls(SP)order. Susceptibility and specific heat results support the AF ordered ground state. Additional temperature dependent ^{63,65}Cu nuclear quadrupole resonance experiments have been carried out to probe the Cu^{2+} electronic state and the spin dynamics in CuSiO_3.
Onitis pers Gusakov & Klimenko 2009
Creators: name: Bezděk, Aleš
name: Hájek, Jiří
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Scarabaeidae
Onitis
Onitis pers

description: Onitis pers Gusakov & Klimenko, 2009
 Onitis pers Gusakov & Klimenko, 2009: 5, Figs 4, 5, 10, 11, 14, 16, 18.
One paratype is deposited in NMPC (general collection – donated by A. A. Gusakov & A.
A. Klimenko):
PARATYPE (J): ‘SW Iran, Lorestan prov. / Dorud area / Siyah-Kaleh vill. / 29.IV.2007 A. Klimenko leg. [p] // PARA- TYPE / Onitis pers J / Gusakov et Klimenko [p, red label]’.
 Current status. Valid species.
description: Published as part of Bezděk, Aleš & Hájek, Jiří, 2013, Catalogue of type specimens of beetles (Coleoptera) deposited in the National Museum, Prague, Czech Republic, pp. 387-442 in Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 53 (1) on page 391, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5739743
In vitro and in vivo analysis of metabolites involved in the TCA cycle and glutamine metabolism associated with cisplatin resistance in human lung cancer
Creators: name: Guo, Jiwei
name: Yu, Jing
name: Peng, Feng
name: Li, Jinzi
name: Tan, Zhirong
name: Chen, Yao
name: Rao, Tai
name: Wang, Yicheng
name: Peng, Jingbo
name: Zhou, Honghao
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biochemistry
Medicine
Cell Biology
Pharmacology
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Cancer
Hematology
Computational Biology

description: Elucidating the dysregulated metabolic pathways in cancer cells and their relevance to cisplatin resistance could yield new insights into cancer therapy. We previously reported that eight metabolites involved in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and glutamine metabolism were associated with platinum-based chemotherapy efficacy in human lung cancer. Here, we investigated the metabolic differences upon cisplatin treatment in lung cancer in vitro and in vivo. A simple and partially validated standard addition method was applied for the quantification of five metabolites involved in the TCA cycle and glutamine metabolism using amide hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HILIC-MS/MS). The present study investigated the levels of these biomarkers in A549 cells and the cisplatin-resistant A549-DDP cells, as well as in the plasma before and after cisplatin treatment in A549 xenograft mice. Levels of five metabolites, including 2-hydroxyglutaric acid (2-HG), α-ketoglutarate (α-KG), succinate, glutamine, and glutamate, showed a decreasing trend in A549-DDP cells. In addition, 2-HG and glutamine were the most significantly altered metabolites in cisplatin-treated A549 xenograft mice. These data indicate that the TCA cycle and glutamine metabolism play important roles in cisplatin-based chemotherapy resistance in lung cancer. Our results provide a new angle for exploring the molecular mechanisms underlying cisplatin resistance.
Universality of the Wigner time delay distribution for one-dimensional random potentials
Creators: name: Texier, Christophe
name: Comtet, Alain
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the distribution of the time delay for one-dimensional random potentials is universal in the high energy or weak disorder limit. Our analytical results are in excellent agreement with extensive numerical simulations carried out on samples whose sizes are large compared to the localisation length (localised regime). The case of small samples is also discussed (ballistic regime). We provide a physical argument which explains in a quantitative way the origin of the exponential divergence of the moments. The occurence of a log-normal tail for finite size systems is analysed. Finally, we present exact results in the low energy limit which clearly show a departure from the universal behaviour.
description: 4 pages, 3 PostScript figures
Thermodynamic picture of the glassy state
Creators: name: Nieuwenhuizen, Th. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A picture for thermodynamics of the glassy state is introduced. It assumes that one extra parameter, the effective temperature, is needed to describe the glassy state. This explains the classical paradoxes concerning the Ehrenfest relations and the Prigogine-Defay ratio. As a second part, the approach connects the response of macroscopic observables to a field change with their temporal fluctuations, and with the fluctuation-dissipation relation, in a generalized non-equilibrium way.
description: Proceedings of the Conference "Unifying Concepts in Glass Physics", ICTP, Trieste, 15 - 18 September 1999
Supplementary Information from The UK’s suitability for Aedes albopictus in current and future climates
Creators: name: S. Metelmann
name: C. Caminade
name: A. E. Jones
name: J. M. Medlock
name: M. Baylis
name: A. P. Morse
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Environmental Science
subject: 60302 Biogeography and Phylogeography
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 10202 Biological Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Supplementary information
Perils of Zero-Interaction Security in the Internet of Things
Creators: name: Fomichev, Mikhail
name: Maass, Max
name: Almon, Lars
name: Molina, Alejandro
name: Hollick, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The Internet of Things (IoT) demands authentication systems which can provide both security and usability. Recent research utilizes the rich sensing capabilities of smart devices to build security schemes operating without human interaction, such as zero-interaction pairing (ZIP) and zero-interaction authentication (ZIA). Prior work proposed a number of ZIP and ZIA schemes and reported promising results. However, those schemes were often evaluated under conditions which do not reflect realistic IoT scenarios. In addition, drawing any comparison among the existing schemes is impossible due to the lack of a common public dataset and unavailability of scheme implementations. In this paper, we address these challenges by conducting the first large-scale comparative study of ZIP and ZIA schemes, carried out under realistic conditions. We collect and release the most comprehensive dataset in the domain to date, containing over 4250 hours of audio recordings and 1 billion sensor readings from three different scenarios, and evaluate five state-of-the-art schemes based on these data. Our study reveals that the effectiveness of the existing proposals is highly dependent on the scenario they are used in. In particular, we show that these schemes are subject to error rates between 0.6% and 52.8%.
description: Source code and data available at https://zenodo.org/record/2537721
Constraints on the warm dark matter model from gravitational lensing
Creators: name: Xue, Yan-Jie
name: Wu, Xiang-Ping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Formation of sub-galactic halos is suppressed in warm dark matter (WDM) model due to thermal motion of WDM particles. This may provide a natural resolution to some puzzles in standard cold dark matter (CDM) theory such as the cusped density profiles of virialized dark halos and the overabundance of low mass satellites. One of the observational tests of the WDM model is to measure the gravitationally lensed images of distant quasars below sub-arcsecond scales. In this Letter, we report a comparison of the lensing probabilities of multiple images between CDM and WDM models using a singular isothermal sphere model for the mass density profiles of dark halos and the Press-Schechter mass function for their distribution and cosmic evolution. It is shown that the differential probability of multiple images with small angular separations down to 10 milliarcseconds should allow one to set useful constraints on the WDM particle mass. We discuss briefly the feasibility and uncertainties of this method in future radio surveys (e.g. VLBI) for gravitational lensing.
description: 3 pages, 1 figure, accepted for publication in ApJ Lett
Supplementary material from Deep eutectic solvent for an expeditious sono-synthesis of novel series of bis-quinazolin-4-one derivatives as potential anticancer agents
Creators: name: Arafa, Wael Abdelgayed Ahmed
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Organic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 30203 Inorganic Green Chemistry
subject: 30504 Organic Green Chemistry

description: To produce a new category of anticancer compounds, a facile and environmentally sustainable method for preparing diversified bis-quinazolinones was demonstrated using recyclable deep eutectic solvent (DES) under ultrasonic irradiation. The reactions were performed smoothly with a wide scope of substrates affording the desired derivatives in good-to-excellent yields under an atom-economical pathway. Particularly, halogen substituents that are amenable for further synthetic elaborations are well tolerated. Furthermore, the ‘greenness’ of the protocol was assessed within the scope of several green metrics and found to display an excellent score in the specified parameters. Cytotoxic activity of all novel bis-quinazolinones was investigated utilizing two cancer cell lines: breast (MCF-7) and lung (A549) cell lines and their IC50 values were determined. Most of the prepared derivatives displayed fascinating inhibitory activity with IC50 values in a low micromolar range. Remarkably, the derivative 7e [3,3'-(sulfonylbis(4,1-phenylene))bis(2-methyl-6-nitroquinazolin-4(3H)-one)] showed superior potency against MCF-7 and A549 cancer cell lines, with IC50 values of 1.26 μM and 2.75 μM, respectively. Moreover, this derivative was found to have low toxicity to the normal breast cell line (MCF-10A) and could serve as a promising lead candidate for further development.
Statistical physics and practical training of soft-committee machines
Creators: name: Ahr, Martin
name: Biehl, Michael
name: Urbanczik, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Equilibrium states of large layered neural networks with differentiable activation function and a single, linear output unit are investigated using the replica formalism. The quenched free energy of a student network with a very large number of hidden units learning a rule of perfectly matching complexity is calculated analytically. The system undergoes a first order phase transition from unspecialized to specialized student configurations at a critical size of the training set. Computer simulations of learning by stochastic gradient descent from a fixed training set demonstrate that the equilibrium results describe quantitatively the plateau states which occur in practical training procedures at sufficiently small but finite learning rates.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures
Anoctus siamensis Balthasar 1942
Creators: name: Bezděk, Aleš
name: Hájek, Jiří
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Scarabaeidae
Anoctus
Anoctus siamensis

description: Anoctus siamensis Balthasar, 1942
 Anoctus siamensis Balthasar, 1942a: 199, Fig. 4.
The holotype is deposited in NMPC (ex coll. V. Balthasar):
HOLOTYPE (J): ‘ Siam / Museum Lübeck / Eing. Nr. 160, 1934 [p] // Boucomont det. 1934 [p] / Onthophagus / nov. gen.? [hw] // TYPUS [p, red label, black frame] // Anoctus / siamensis / Typus n. sp. [hw] / Dr. V. Balthasar det. [p] // Anoctus / siamensis m. [hw, yellow label]’.
 Current status. Valid species.
description: Published as part of Bezděk, Aleš & Hájek, Jiří, 2013, Catalogue of type specimens of beetles (Coleoptera) deposited in the National Museum, Prague, Czech Republic, pp. 387-442 in Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 53 (1) on page 392, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5739743
Evolution of the Spin Gap Upon Doping a 2-Leg Ladder
Creators: name: Poilblanc, D.
name: Chiappa, O.
name: Riera, J.
name: White, S. R.
name: Scalapino, D. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The evolution of the spin gap of a 2-leg ladder upon doping depends upon the nature of the lowest triplet excitations in a ladder with two holes. Here we study this evolution using various numerical techniques for a t-t'-J ladder as the next-near-neighbor hopping t' is varied. We find that depending on the value of t', the spin gap can evolve continuously or discontinuously and the lowest triplet state can correspond to a magnon, a bound magnon-hole-pair, or two separate quasi-particles. Previous experimental results on the superconducting two-leg ladder Sr12Ca2Cu24O41 are discussed.
description: 4 pages, latex, submitted to PRL
Lagged correlation-based deep learning for directional trend change prediction in financial time series
Creators: name: Moews, Ben
name: Herrmann, J. Michael
name: Ibikunle, Gbenga
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Computational Finance (q-fin.CP)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 68T05, 62P20

description: Trend change prediction in complex systems with a large number of noisy time series is a problem with many applications for real-world phenomena, with stock markets as a notoriously difficult to predict example of such systems. We approach predictions of directional trend changes via complex lagged correlations between them, excluding any information about the target series from the respective inputs to achieve predictions purely based on such correlations with other series. We propose the use of deep neural networks that employ step-wise linear regressions with exponential smoothing in the preparatory feature engineering for this task, with regression slopes as trend strength indicators for a given time interval. We apply this method to historical stock market data from 2011 to 2016 as a use case example of lagged correlations between large numbers of time series that are heavily influenced by externally arising new information as a random factor. The results demonstrate the viability of the proposed approach, with state-of-the-art accuracies and accounting for the statistical significance of the results for additional validation, as well as important implications for modern financial economics.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures
Expectations for SZ cluster counts: mass function versus X-ray luminosity function
Creators: name: Xue, Yan-Jie
name: Wu, Xiang-Ping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a comparison of the SZ cluster counts predicted by the Press-Schechter (PS) mass function (MF) and the X-ray luminosity function (XLF) of clusters. The employment of the cluster XLF, together with the observationally determined X-ray luminosity(Lx)-temperature(T) relation, may allow us to estimate the SZ cluster counts in a more realistic manner, although such an empirical approach depends sensitively on our current knowledge of the dynamical properties of intracluster gas and its cosmic evolution. Using both the non-evolving and evolving XLFs of clusters suggested by X-ray observations, we calculate the expectations for SZ surveys of clusters with X-ray luminosity Lx>3X10^{44} erg/s and Lx>1X10^{43} erg/s in the 0.5 - 2.0 band, respectively. The non-evolving XLF results in a significant excess of SZ cluster counts at high redshifts as compared with the evolving XLF, while a slightly steeper Lx-T relation than the observed one is needed to reproduce the distributions of SZ clusters predicted by the standard PS formalism. It is pointed out that uncertainties in the cosmological application of future SZ cluster surveys via the standard PS formalism should be carefully studied.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
An Oscillator Neural Network Retrieving Sparsely Coded Phase Patterns
Creators: name: Aoyagi, Toshio
name: Nomura, Masaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Quantitative Biology (q-bio)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Little is known theoretically about the associative memory capabilities of neural networks in which information is encoded not only in the mean firing rate but also in the timing of firings. Particularly, in the case that the fraction of active neurons involved in memorizing patterns becomes small, it is biologically important to consider the timings of firings and to study how such consideration influences storage capacities and quality of recalled patterns. For this purpose, we propose a simple extended model of oscillator neural networks to allow for expression of non-firing state. %which is able to memorize sparsely coded phase patterns including non-firing states. Analyzing both equilibrium states and dynamical properties in recalling processes, we find that the system possesses good associative memory.
description: 9 pages, 3 Postscript figures, uses epsbox.sty
Eigenstate thermalization and quantum chaos in the Holstein polaron model
Creators: name: Jansen, David
name: Stolpp, Jan
name: Vidmar, Lev
name: Heidrich-Meisner, Fabian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH) is a successful theory that provides sufficient criteria for ergodicity in quantum many-body systems. Most studies were carried out for Hamiltonians relevant for ultracold quantum gases and single-component systems of spins, fermions, or bosons. The paradigmatic example for thermalization in solid-state physics are phonons serving as a bath for electrons. This situation is often viewed from an open-quantum system perspective. Here, we ask whether a minimal microscopic model for electron-phonon coupling is quantum chaotic and whether it obeys ETH, if viewed as a closed quantum system. Using exact diagonalization, we address this question in the framework of the Holstein polaron model. Even though the model describes only a single itinerant electron, whose coupling to dispersionless phonons is the only integrability-breaking term, we find that the spectral statistics and the structure of Hamiltonian eigenstates exhibit essential properties of the corresponding random-matrix ensemble. Moreover, we verify the ETH ansatz both for diagonal and offdiagonal matrix elements of typical phonon and electron observables, and show that the ratio of their variances equals the value predicted from random-matrix theory.
description: 13 pages, 11 figures, as published
Building a Better Venue: Creating The Glass Onion for the Oakland Community
Creators: name: Dhruva Krishna
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Performing Arts

description: This proposal outlines the construction of an alternative music venue, The Glass Onion, in Oakland using Carnegie Mellon University investment to provide educational and professional opportunities for its students, and enhance the larger Pittsburgh arts community.
The Glass Onion will be staffed and operated by Carnegie Mellon University with input from community leaders. A faculty advisory board consisting of members from Dietrich College, The College of Fine Arts, Tepper Business School, and The Heinz College will help direct student workers and advise their work. One faculty advisor from this board will act as the primary faculty advisor, and serve a more present and permanent role working with student staff closely. The student staff will be composed of undergraduate and graduate students from a variety of disciplines. Those students in higher positions will be paid by federal work study and tuition stipend programs. Volunteer positions will also be available for students to engage with the venue on a smaller level that can lead to later full-time experience.
Creating the space will cost at least $50,000 and as much as $74,000, given estimates of equipment, supplies and potential rent prices. However, it is important to stress the biggest obstacle in its construction is the cost of rent. Yet, this cost gets immediately reduced if the Glass Onion could operate in a space that Carnegie Mellon University already owns and is vacant.
Caccobius cribrarius Boucomont 1928
Creators: name: Bezděk, Aleš
name: Hájek, Jiří
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Fungi
Ascomycota
Leotiomycetes
Thelebolales
Thelebolaceae
Caccobius
Caccobius cribrarius

description: Caccobius cribrarius Boucomont, 1928
 Caccobius cribrarius Boucomont, 1928: 420.
Two paratypes are deposited in NMPC (ex coll. V. Balthasar):
PARATYPES (2 unsexed specimens): ‘MUSÉE DU CONGO / Haut-Uelle: Abimya [p] / -VII- [hw] 1925 / L. Burgeon
[p] // Co- [hw] TYPE [p, orange label]’.
 Current status. Caccobius (Caccophilus) cribrarius Boucomont, 1928, see, e.g., FERREIRA (1972).
description: Published as part of Bezděk, Aleš & Hájek, Jiří, 2013, Catalogue of type specimens of beetles (Coleoptera) deposited in the National Museum, Prague, Czech Republic, pp. 387-442 in Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 53 (1) on page 393, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5739743
Side-gate modulation of critical current in mesoscopic Josephson junction
Creators: name: Mortensen, Niels Asger
name: Bastian, Georg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the normal state conductance and the Josephson current in a superconductor-2DEG-superconductor structure where the size/shape of the 2DEG-region can be modified by an additional side-gate electrode. The considered transport properties follow from the retarded Green function which we compute by employing a tight-binding-like representation of the Hamiltonian in the 2DEG region. Our model studies offer a qualitative demonstration of the recently observed effects caused by side-gate modulation.
description: 9 pages including 4 figures. Reference to cond-mat/0005435 added
New Optimized Band-Pass Filter To Increase Optical Temporal Coherence of Thermal Light
Creators: name: Fisenko, Anatoliy I
name: Lemberg, Vladimir F
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new optimized band-pass filter for wavelengths is proposed to increase the optical temporal coherence of thermal light. The choice of parameters for this filter is based on solving an optimization problem for finding the most intensely emitted frequency interval in the black-body radiation spectrum. The calculated frequency interval is also the narrowest band for the coherence filter for a given value of the total transmitted energy. As a result, the interval found can be used to achieve the highest possible coherent properties at a given level of total energy that has passed. The achieved coherence length values for such optimized band-pass filters are calculated. Analytical results are given for finding optimal intervals and calculating the coherence of optimized filters.
description: 15 pages
On the Binding Energy Parameter of Common Envelope Evolution. Dependency on the Definition of the Stellar Core Boundary during Spiral-in
Creators: name: Tauris, Thomas M.
name: Dewi, Jasinta D. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: According to the standard picture for binary interactions, the outcome of binaries surviving the evolution through a common envelope (CE) and spiral-in phase is determined by the internal structure of the donor star at the onset of the mass transfer, as well as the poorly-known efficiency parameter, eta_CE}, for the ejection of the H-envelope of the donor. In this Research Note we discuss the bifurcation point which separates the ejected, unprocessed H-rich material from the inner core region of the donor (the central part of the star which will later contract to form a compact object). We demonstrate that the exact location of this point is very important for evaluating the binding energy parameter, lambda, which is used to determine the post-CE orbital separation. Here we compare various methods to define the bifurcation point (core/envelope boundary) of evolved stars with masses 4, 7, 10 and 20 M_sun. We consider the specific nuclear energy production rate profile, the change in the mass-density gradient (Bisscheroux 1998), the inner region containing less than 10% hydrogen, the method suggested by Han et al. (1994) and the entropy profile. We also calculated effective polytropic index profiles. The entropy profile method measures the convective boundary (at the onset of flatness in the specific entropy) which is not equivalent to the core boundary for RGB stars. Hence, this method is not applicable for RGB stars, unless the actual bifurcation point of a CE is located at the bottom of the outer convection zone (resulting in larger values of lambda and larger post-CE orbital separations). On the AGB, where highly degenerate and condensed cores are formed, we find good agreement between the various methods, except for massive (20 M_sun) stars.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure, A&A in press