cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Diagnosis of stealthy local cyber-attacks in large-scale systems
Creators: name: Barboni, Angelo
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2020

description: Ubiquity of embedded computers and network connectivity have made control systems vulnerable to potential cyber-attacks. This has become a relevant problem after real-world cyber-security breaches targeting automation equipment, and notable research effort has been made in order to model such attacks and to render these systems more secure. However, particularly resourceful agents can design attacks that cannot be detected by existing monitoring system, and are therefore called stealthy. In this work, we address the case when these attacks are deployed on part of a Large-Scale System (LSS), which can be partitioned into a collection of Linear Time Invariant (LTI) systems. We provide a local characterisation of stealthy attacks for LSSs, including modelling in the state-space domain, analysis of the way physical interconnections affect detectability, and control resilience. For detectable attacks, we develop a general detection method that is distributed and scalable by design, as it relies only on neighbour-to-neighbour communication. The core principle is that, if one system is misbehaving, its neighbours can exploit the physical coupling to reveal such otherwise stealthy anomaly. Of this general idea, we devise two different implementations, depending on the types of disturbances affecting the system, namely disturbances with known bounds and stochastic Gaussian noise. In both cases, we design a residual generator which is sensitive to attacks in neighbouring systems, and provide theoretical analysis of its detection capabilities. Next, we give additional insights on the isolation properties ensuing our proposed methodology, obtaining conditions under which it is feasible. We prove that there are, in fact, some system topologies that do not allow for attack isolation. For those cases, we suitably augment the proposed detection algorithm and show that it is possible to isolate attacks in all cases, at the price of increased communication complexity. Isolation is a necessary step to allow for accommodation of the considered class of attacks. By this, we mean the design of an attack-tolerant control system that can counterbalance an attack’s effects once one is detected. Finally, in the last part of this work, we present early results in the disturbance-free case on how accommodation can be implemented. We provide existence conditions depending on the structure of the interconnections, and propose an algorithm that covers all cases. Each one of the methods proposed in this work is accompanied by a simulation example that demonstrates its effectiveness.
Additional file 11 of Screening for esophageal adenocarcinoma and precancerous conditions (dysplasia and Barrett’s esophagus) in patients with chronic gastroesophageal reflux disease with or without other risk factors: two systematic reviews and one overview of reviews to inform a guideline of the Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care (CTFPHC)
Creators: name: Hamel, Candyce
name: Nadera Ahmadzai
name: Beck, Andrew
name: Micere Thuku
name: Skidmore, Becky
name: Kusala Pussegoda
name: Bjerre, Lise
name: Chatterjee, Avijit
name: Dennis, Kristopher
name: Ferri, Lorenzo
name: Maziak, Donna
name: Shea, Beverley
name: Hutton, Brian
name: Little, Julian
name: Moher, David
name: Stevens, Adrienne
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 11: KQ1 evidence sets.
Substructures in Cold Dark Matter Haloes
Creators: name: De Lucia, G.
name: Kauffmann, G.
name: Springel, V.
name: White, S. D. M.
name: Lanzoni, B.
name: Stoehr, F.
name: Tormen, G.
name: Yoshida, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyse the properties of substructures within dark matter halos (subhalos) using a set of high-resolution numerical simulations of the formation of structure in a Lambda-CDM Universe. Our simulation set includes 11 high-resolution simulations of massive clusters as well as a region of mean density, allowing us to study the spatial and mass distribution of substructures down to a mass resolution limit of 10^9 h^(-1)Mo. We also investigate how the properties of substructures vary as a function of the mass of the `parent' halo in which they are located. We find that the substructure mass function depends at most weakly on the mass of the parent halo and is well described by a power-law. The radial number density profiles of substructures are steeper in low mass halos than in high mass halos. More massive substructures tend to avoid the centres of halos and are preferentially located in the external regions of their parent halos. We also study the mass accretion and merging histories of substructures, which we find to be largely independent of environment. We find that a significant fraction of the substructures residing in clusters at the present day were accreted at redshifts z < 1. This implies that a significant fraction of present-day `passive' cluster galaxies should have been still outside the cluster progenitor and more active at z~1.
description: 13 pages, 15 figure. Accepted to MNRAS
Internal kinematics of spiral galaxies in distant rich galaxy clusters
Creators: name: Jaeger, K.
name: Boehm, A.
name: Ziegler, B. L.
name: Heidt, J.
name: Moellenhoff, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present our project on galaxy evolution in the environment of distant rich clusters aiming at disentangling the importance of specific interaction and galaxy transformation processes from the hierarchical evolution of field galaxies. Spatially resolved MOS spectra were gained with VLT/FORS to analyze the internal kinematics of disk galaxies. First results are shown for the clusters MS 1008.1-1224 (z=0.30), Cl 0303+1706 (z=0.42), and Cl 0413-6559 (z=0.51). Out of 35 late type cluster members, 13 galaxies exhibit a rotation curve of the universal form rising in the inner region and passing over into a flat part. The other members have peculiar kinematics. The 13 cluster galaxies for which a maximum rotation velocity could be derived are distributed in the Tully-Fisher diagram very similar to field galaxies from the FORS Deep Field with corresponding redshifts. The same is true for seven non-cluster galaxies observed in the cluster fields. The TF-cluster spirals do not show any significant luminosity evolution as might be expected from certain clusterspecific phenomena. Contrary to that, the disturbed kinematics of the non--TF cluster spirals indicate ongoing or recent interaction processes.
description: 5 pages with 2 figures, to appear in Proc. of the IAU Colloquium 195: "Outskirts of Galaxy Clusters: Intense Life in the Suburbs", ed. A. Diaferio et al., Torino, Italy, March 12-16 2004
Quantum State Discrimination via Repeated Measurements and the Rule of Three
Creators: name: Bullock, Tom
name: Heinosaari, Teiko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The task of state discrimination for a set of mutually orthogonal pure states is trivial if one has access to the corresponding sharp (projection-valued) measurement, but what if we are restricted to an unsharp measurement? Given that any realistic measurement device will be subject to some noise, such a problem is worth considering. In this paper we consider minimum error state discrimination for mutually orthogonal states with a noisy measurement. We show that by considering repetitions of commutative Lüders measurements on the same system we are able to increase the probability of successfully distinguishing states. In the case of binary Lüders measurements we provide a full characterisation of the success probabilities for any number of repetitions. This leads us to identify a 'rule of three', where no change in probability is obtained from a second measurement but there is noticeable improvement after a third. We also provide partial results for $N$-valued commutative measurements where the rule of three remains, but the general pattern present in binary measurements is no longer satisfied.
description: 15 pages, 3 figures, and comments are greatly encouraged!
Absorbing state phase transitions with quenched disorder
Creators: name: Hooyberghs, Jef
name: Igloi, Ferenc
name: Vanderzande, Carlo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quenched disorder - in the sense of the Harris criterion - is generally a relevant perturbation at an absorbing state phase transition point. Here using a strong disorder renormalization group framework and effective numerical methods we study the properties of random fixed points for systems in the directed percolation universality class. For strong enough disorder the critical behavior is found to be controlled by a strong disorder fixed point, which is isomorph with the fixed point of random quantum Ising systems. In this fixed point dynamical correlations are logarithmically slow and the static critical exponents are conjecturedly exact for one-dimensional systems. The renormalization group scenario is confronted with numerical results on the random contact process in one and two dimensions and satisfactory agreement is found. For weaker disorder the numerical results indicate static critical exponents which vary with the strength of disorder, whereas the dynamical correlations are compatible with two possible scenarios. Either they follow a power-law decay with a varying dynamical exponent, like in random quantum systems, or the dynamical correlations are logarithmically slow even for weak disorder. For models in the parity conserving universality class there is no strong disorder fixed point according to our renormalization group analysis.
description: 17 pages, 8 figures
Role of pre-ordered liquid in the selection mechanism of crystal polymorphs during nucleation
Creators: name: Menon, Sarath
name: Díaz Leines, Grisell
name: Drautz, Ralf
name: Rogal, Jutta
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: homogeneous nucleation
subject: crystal polymorphs
subject: polymorph selection
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::530 Physik

description: We investigate the atomistic mechanism of homogeneous nucleation during solidification in molybdenum employing transition path sampling. The mechanism is characterized by the formation of a pre-structured region of high bond-orientational order in the supercooled liquid followed by the emergence of the crystalline bulk phase within the center of the growing solid cluster. This precursor plays a crucial role in the process as it provides a diffusive interface between the liquid and crystalline core, which lowers the interfacial free energy and facilitates the formation of the bulk phase. Furthermore, the structural features of the pre-ordered regions are distinct from the liquid and solid phases and preselect the specific polymorph that nucleates. The similarity in the nucleation mechanism of Mo with that of metals that exhibit different crystalline bulk phases indicates that the formation of a precursor is a general feature observed in these materials. The strong influence of the structural characteristics of the precursors on the final crystalline bulk phase demonstrates that for the investigated system, polymorph selection takes place in the very early stages of nucleation.
Identification of a multi-dimensional reaction coordinate for crystal nucleation in Ni3Al
Creators: name: Liang, Yanyan
name: Díaz Leines, Grisell
name: Drautz, Ralf
name: Rogal, Jutta
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: crystal nucleation
subject: multi-component alloys
subject: Ni3Al
subject: atomistic mechanisms
subject: multi-dimensional reaction
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::530 Physik

description: Nucleation during solidification in multi-component alloys is a complex process that comprises competition between different crystalline phases as well as chemical composition and ordering. Here, we combine transition interface sampling with an extensive committor analysis to investigate the atomistic mechanisms during the initial stages of nucleation in Ni3Al. The formation and growth of crystalline clusters from the melt are strongly influenced by the interplay between three descriptors: the size, crystallinity, and chemical short-range order of the emerging nuclei. We demonstrate that it is essential to include all three features in a multi-dimensional reaction coordinate to correctly describe the nucleation mechanism, where, in particular, the chemical short-range order plays a crucial role in the stability of small clusters. The necessity of identifying multi-dimensional reaction coordinates is expected to be of key importance for the atomistic characterization of nucleation processes in complex, multi-component systems.
Najtiaphorura sandrinae Weiner & Thibaud 1991
Creators: name: Thibaud, Jean-Marc
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Collembola
Poduromorpha
Tullbergiidae
Najtiaphorura
Najtiaphorura sandrinae

description: Najtiaphorura sandrinae Weiner & Thibaud, 1991 *
Najtiaphorura sandrinae Weiner & Thibaud, 1991: 114.
DISTRIBUTION. — Oise. Sables continentaux, mer de Sable à Ermenonville (Weiner & Thibaud 1991).
description: Published as part of Thibaud, Jean-Marc, 2017, Catalogue des collemboles de France, pp. 297-436 in Zoosystema 39 (3) on page 345, DOI: 10.5252/z2017n3a1, http://zenodo.org/record/5496272
Additional file 1 of Novelty and influence of creative works, and quantifying patterns of advances based on probabilistic references networks
Creators: name: Doheum Park
name: Nam, Juhan
name: Juyong Park
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Supplementary information. (PDF 8.4 MB)
The role of retinoic acid in the repair of the human alveolus
Creators: name: Alçada Tomas Da Costa, Joana Catarina
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2020

description: Reactivation of developmental pathways holds promise as regenerative therapy for parenchymal lung diseases. Retinoic acid (RA) is a small molecule with pleiotropic effects, which is essential for correct alveologenesis during lung development. All-trans RA (ATRA) and RA receptor (RAR) specific agonists can induce alveolar regeneration in animal models of alveolar insufficiency. However, encouraging preclinical data from animal models have translated poorly in clinical trials. The human lung is difficult to study because of its location and indispensable function for life. To overcome this limitation, we have developed a novel ex vivo human model using precision-cut lung slice (PCLS) culture. Lung parenchyma can be maintained and manipulated, generating a tractable model, which greatly facilitate the study of lung injury and repair in man. Using in vitro human cell culture and PCLS we investigated the role of RA in human repair and regeneration. Lipofibroblasts were identified in human lung sections and PCLS as a potential RA storage cell. We have shown that ATRA induced microvascular angiogenesis via RAR, but has little direct effect on alveolar epithelial cells or fibroblasts. Here we demonstrate that ATRA induces lung microvascular cell migration and angiogenesis via VEGF-Receptor 2, with induction of AKT signalling and suppression of ERK1/2. Preliminary data suggest that in PCLS, ATRA increased total cell proliferation, as well as potentially increasing protein markers of AT2 (Surfactant protein C), AT1 (HOPX) and endothelial cells (PECAM-1, VEGF-R2). ATRA also increased angiogenesis factors in primary microvascular endothelial cells and PCLS, including MCP-1 and HB-EGF. Additionally, we show that HB-EGF treatment increased alveolar epithelial cell migration (A549), suggesting that ATRA may act in a paracrine manner to induce alveolar epithelial regeneration.
Adversarial Robustness Guarantees for Random Deep Neural Networks
Creators: name: De Palma, Giacomo
name: Kiani, Bobak T.
name: Lloyd, Seth
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The reliability of deep learning algorithms is fundamentally challenged by the existence of adversarial examples, which are incorrectly classified inputs that are extremely close to a correctly classified input. We explore the properties of adversarial examples for deep neural networks with random weights and biases, and prove that for any $p\ge1$, the $\ell^p$ distance of any given input from the classification boundary scales as one over the square root of the dimension of the input times the $\ell^p$ norm of the input. The results are based on the recently proved equivalence between Gaussian processes and deep neural networks in the limit of infinite width of the hidden layers, and are validated with experiments on both random deep neural networks and deep neural networks trained on the MNIST and CIFAR10 datasets. The results constitute a fundamental advance in the theoretical understanding of adversarial examples, and open the way to a thorough theoretical characterization of the relation between network architecture and robustness to adversarial perturbations.
Neonaphorura duboscqi subsp. ariegica Arbea 1991
Creators: name: Thibaud, Jean-Marc
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Collembola
Poduromorpha
Tullbergiidae
Neonaphorura
Neonaphorura duboscqi
Neonaphorura duboscqi ariegica arbea, 1991

description: Neonaphorura duboscqi ariegica Arbea, 1991 *
Neonaphorura duboscqi ariegica Arbea, 1991: 179.
DISTRIBUTION. — Ariège. Vallon de Salsein (Cassagnau 1961). — Grottede Durban (Arbea 1991).
Bouches-du-Rhône. Dunesde Beynesen Haute Camargue (Poinsot 1966b, 1973). — Camargue, La Gacholle, Salinde Badon (Poinsot-Balaguer 1979).
Haute-Garonne. Toulouse (Cassagnau 1962a).
Pyrénées-Orientales. Valléede la Bayorie près de Banyuls-sur-Mer (Denis 1932).
ÉCOLOGIE. — Cassagnau 1961; Poinsot 1966b 1973; Poinsot- Balaguer 1979.
description: Published as part of Thibaud, Jean-Marc, 2017, Catalogue des collemboles de France, pp. 297-436 in Zoosystema 39 (3) on page 345, DOI: 10.5252/z2017n3a1, http://zenodo.org/record/5496272
Data learning for human pose tracking
Creators: name: Buizza, Caterina
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2020

description: One of the most pressing problems in data-driven models is how to include latent data information in the model-building process. This could help to reduce the amount of data required for training in machine learning applications. Pose tracking is a field currently dominated by data-driven models and where the collection of large, labeled datasets is difficult and time intensive. We believe this is an application that could benefit significantly from the inclusion of structure in the interpretation of available data. Improving human pose tracking methods is significant, as existing methods are not robust enough for application in real-world scenarios such as remote physiotherapy or mobility monitoring. Data Assimilation and Machine Learning are both fields that allow a prediction to be made using a forecasting model. We propose to integrate methods from these two fields to improve the application of pose tracking methods in real-world scenarios. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first application of methods of this kind to the field of human pose tracking. In particular, this Thesis presents two areas of work applying Data Assimilation methods to human pose tracking. First, we show how to apply adjoint methods (from Data Assimilation (DA)) to 3D human pose tracking. This method successfully recovers 3D pose from only Inertial Measurement Units orientation data without the need for a learnt prior, joint limits or additional constraints. The method also does not require a full motion sequence for optimisation, allowing the algorithm to run online. The second collection of work is concerned with 2D human pose tracking in RGB images. Here we show three methods for Data Assimilation inspired modifications to traditional pose estimation methods. First, we apply a Kalman filter layer to traditional Convolutional Neural Network-based pose estimation methods to improve speed, consistency and accuracy of joint (or keypoint) location. Second, to additionally improve performance of these filters, we present a novel application of covariance extraction from feature heatmaps outputted by pose estimation Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs). Third, we change the convolution function of the keypoint location network of the open-source pose estimation framework OpenPose to resemble a covariance calculation. There is significant potential for this work to continue to be applied in human pose tracking and other fields. To this end, the equations presented in this work are general to allow them to be applied to other areas with only minor modification.
Evidence for a Significant Blazar Contamination in CMB Anisotropy Maps
Creators: name: Giommi, P.
name: Colafrancesco, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The analysis of the recent WMAP source catalog shows that the vast majority of bright foreground extragalactic sources detected in CMB maps are Blazars. In this paper we calculate the contamination of CMB anisotropy maps by this type of flat-spectrum, strongly variable and polarized extragalactic radio sources using up-to-date results from recent deep multi-frequency surveys. We found that more than 50 known Blazars (or Blazar candidates) are included in the 90/150 GHz BOOMERANG anisotropy maps, a factor > 15 larger than previously reported. Using a recent derivation of the Blazar radio LogN-LogS we calculate that these sources induce an average sky brightness of 0.2 Jy/deg^2, corresponding to an average temperature of ~3-5 muK. Moreover, we find that the associated level of fluctuations is of the order of C_{l, Blazar}= 1.3 10^{-2} mu K^2 sr at 41 GHz. Taking into account both Blazar variability and the many steep-spectrum radio sources that flatten at high frequencies, as well as the contribution of radio-galaxies, we find that the level of residual fluctuation due to discrete extragalactic foreground sources could be factor of ~2 - 3 higher than the above estimate. We show that the Blazar induced fluctuations contaminate the CMB spectrum at the level of ~ 20-50 % at l = 500 and 50-100 % at l = 800. Careful cleaning for Blazar contamination of high sensitivity/high resolution CMB maps is therefore necessary before firm conclusions about weak features, like secondary high-l peaks of the CMB power spectrum or very weak signals like CMB polarization measurements, can be achieved.
description: 10 pages, 6 Postscript figures, 1 GIF figure (Fig.3). Better version of Fig.3 and a full list of Blazar's SED found at http://www.asdc.asi.it/boomerang/. A&A, submitted
Depthwise Separable Convolutional ResNet with Squeeze-and-Excitation Blocks for Small-footprint Keyword Spotting
Creators: name: Xu, Menglong
name: Zhang, Xiao-Lei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: One difficult problem of keyword spotting is how to miniaturize its memory footprint while maintain a high precision. Although convolutional neural networks have shown to be effective to the small-footprint keyword spotting problem, they still need hundreds of thousands of parameters to achieve good performance. In this paper, we propose an efficient model based on depthwise separable convolution layers and squeeze-and-excitation blocks. Specifically, we replace the standard convolution by the depthwise separable convolution, which reduces the number of the parameters of the standard convolution without significant performance degradation. We further improve the performance of the depthwise separable convolution by reweighting the output feature maps of the first convolution layer with a so-called squeeze-and-excitation block. We compared the proposed method with five representative models on two experimental settings of the Google Speech Commands dataset. Experimental results show that the proposed method achieves the state-of-the-art performance. For example, it achieves a classification error rate of 3.29% with a number of parameters of 72K in the first experiment, which significantly outperforms the comparison methods given a similar model size. It achieves an error rate of 3.97% with a number of parameters of 10K, which is also slightly better than the state-of-the-art comparison method given a similar model size.
Castor oil based eco-friendly lubricating oil additives
Creators: name: Mainul Hoque
name: Sujan Paul
name: Pranab Ghosh
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The application of vegetable oil based additive for lubricating oil has attracted considerable interest due to their biocompatibility and multifunctional performances compared to conventional additives. In the present work, we have synthesized homopolymer of castor oil and copolymer of castor oil with styrene by thermal method without any solvent at different percentage composition by using BZP (benzoyl peroxide) as initiator. Characterization of the additives was completed by spectral technique (FT-IR and NMR spectroscopy). The molecular weight of the prepared additives was determined by gel permeation chromatography method (GPC method). Thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA) method was used to study the thermal stability of the prepared polymers. Standard ASTM methods were used to investigate the performance of all the prepared polymers in SN150 mineral oil as viscosity index improver (VII), pour point depressant (PPD) and antiwear. Biodegradability of all the polymers was determined disk diffusion method. From the experimental results, it was found that copolymers are more effective as VII, PPD and antiwear than homopolymer. Moreover, average molecular weight, thermal stability and performances as VII and antiwear increase with increasing the percentage of styrene in copolymers.
Additional file 1 of Enabling good outcomes in older adults on dialysis: a qualitative study
Creators: name: Raj, Rajesh
name: Brown, Bridget
name: Ahuja, Kiran
name: Frandsen, Mai
name: Jose, Matthew
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Participant Interview Guide.
On big rip singularities
Creators: name: Chimento, Luis P.
name: Lazkoz, Ruth
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this comment we discuss big rip singularities occurring in typical phantom models by violation of the weak energy condition. After that, we compare them with future late-time singularities arising in models where the scale factor ends in a constant value and there is no violation of the strong energy condition. In phantom models the equation of state is well defined along the whole evolution, even at the big rip. However, both the pressure and the energy density of the phantom field diverge. In contrast, in the second kind of model the equation of state is not defined at the big rip because the pressure bursts at a finite value of the energy density.
description: 8 pages
Neonaphorura novemspina Gisin 1963
Creators: name: Thibaud, Jean-Marc
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Collembola
Poduromorpha
Tullbergiidae
Neonaphorura
Neonaphorura novemspina

description: Neonaphorura novemspina Gisin, 1963 *
Neonaphorura novemspina Gisin, 1963: 11.
DISTRIBUTION. — Oise. Sables continentaux, mer de Sable à Ermenonville (Weiner & Thibaud 1991).
description: Published as part of Thibaud, Jean-Marc, 2017, Catalogue des collemboles de France, pp. 297-436 in Zoosystema 39 (3) on page 345, DOI: 10.5252/z2017n3a1, http://zenodo.org/record/5496272
Additional file 10 of Screening for esophageal adenocarcinoma and precancerous conditions (dysplasia and Barrett’s esophagus) in patients with chronic gastroesophageal reflux disease with or without other risk factors: two systematic reviews and one overview of reviews to inform a guideline of the Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care (CTFPHC)
Creators: name: Hamel, Candyce
name: Nadera Ahmadzai
name: Beck, Andrew
name: Micere Thuku
name: Skidmore, Becky
name: Kusala Pussegoda
name: Bjerre, Lise
name: Chatterjee, Avijit
name: Dennis, Kristopher
name: Ferri, Lorenzo
name: Maziak, Donna
name: Shea, Beverley
name: Hutton, Brian
name: Little, Julian
name: Moher, David
name: Stevens, Adrienne
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 10: Additional details of RoB and Quality Assessment Methods.
Correlation functions in massive Landau-Ginzburg orbifolds and tests of dualities
Creators: name: Gu, Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we discuss correlation function computations in massive topological Landau-Ginzburg orbifolds, extending old results of Vafa. We then apply these computations to provide further tests of the nonabelian mirrors proposal and two-dimensional Hori-Seiberg dualities with $(S)O_{\pm}$ gauge groups and their mirrors.
description: 32 pages
Synthesis, characterization, curing, thermophysical and mechanical properties of ethylene dichloride-based polysulfide polymers
Creators: name: Sheydaei, Milad
name: Saeid Talebi
name: Salami-Kalajahi, Mehdi
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Space Science
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology

description: Good resistance to the solvent and excellent adhesion to many substrates are the significant features of polysulfide polymers. They are known to have extensive applications as sealants, adhesives and coatings. In this research, a series of polysulfide polymers of linear organic monomer (ethylene dichloride) and sodium-based aqueous monomers are synthesized using interfacial polymerization and zinc oxide (ZnO) is used as a curing agent. The curing process of the synthesized polymers is studied using a rheometer at 160 °C. The cured and uncured samples are characterized by Fourier-transform infrared, Raman, XRD, DSC, Shore A and tensile tests. XRD results showed that cured samples possessed complete amorphous behavior whereas in the non-cured samples the structure shifts to the amorphous phase by increasing the sulfur content. The study of mechanical properties showed that with increasing sulfur content, the elastic modulus and elongation at break were increased. Furthermore, the glass transition temperature and crosslinking density were increased with increasing sulfur content whereas hardness was decreased. Besides, Thermogravimetric analysis results showed that in the cured samples the thermal stability was increased with increasing sulfur content. Also, all samples were resistant to benzine, gasoline, white spirit, engine oil and brake-fluid.
MOESM1 of Accessing the discriminatory performance of FRAIL-NH in two-class and three-class frailty and examining its agreement with the frailty index among nursing home residents in mainland China
Creators: name: Ge, Feng
name: Liu, Weiwei
name: Liu, Minhui
name: Tang, Siyuan
name: Lu, Yongjin
name: Hou, Tianxue
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. The FRAIL-NH scale. Table S2. The items and coding of Frailty Index.
Fractional Diffusion Equation for a Power-Law-Truncated Levy Process
Creators: name: Sokolov, I. M.
name: Chechkin, A. V.
name: Klafter, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Truncated Levy flights are stochastic processes which display a crossover from a heavy-tailed Levy behavior to a faster decaying probability distribution function (pdf). Putting less weight on long flights overcomes the divergence of the Levy distribution second moment. We introduce a fractional generalization of the diffusion equation, whose solution defines a process in which a Levy flight of exponent alpha is truncated by a power-law of exponent 5 - alpha. A closed form for the characteristic function of the process is derived. The pdf of the displacement slowly converges to a Gaussian in its central part showing however a power law far tail. Possible applications are discussed.
Learning Bayesian Networks from Incomplete Data with the Node-Average Likelihood
Creators: name: Bodewes, Tjebbe
name: Scutari, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Bayesian network (BN) structure learning from complete data has been extensively studied in the literature. However, fewer theoretical results are available for incomplete data, and most are related to the Expectation-Maximisation (EM) algorithm. Balov (2013) proposed an alternative approach called Node-Average Likelihood (NAL) that is competitive with EM but computationally more efficient; and he proved its consistency and model identifiability for discrete BNs. In this paper, we give general sufficient conditions for the consistency of NAL; and we prove consistency and identifiability for conditional Gaussian BNs, which include discrete and Gaussian BNs as special cases. Furthermore, we confirm our results and the results in Balov (2013) with an independent simulation study. Hence we show that NAL has a much wider applicability than originally implied in Balov (2013), and that it is competitive with EM for conditional Gaussian BNs as well.
description: 27 pages, 5 figures
Scattering rates and lifetime of exact and boson excitons
Creators: name: Combescot, M.
name: Betbeder-Matibet, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Although excitons are not exact bosons, they are commonly treated as such provided that their composite nature is included in effective scatterings dressed by exchange. We here \emph{prove} that, \emph{whatever these scatterings are}, they cannot give both the scattering rates $T_{ij}^{-1}$ and the exciton lifetime $τ_0$, correctly: A striking factor 1/2 exists between $τ_0^{-1}$ and the sum of $T_{ij}^{-1}$'s, which originates from the composite nature of excitons, irretrievably lost when they are bosonized. This result, which appears as very disturbing at first, casts major doubts on bosonization for problems dealing with \emph{interacting} excitons.
Additional file 1 of Exploring the role of transtibial prosthetic use in deep tissue injury development: a scoping review
Creators: name: Graser, Marisa
name: Day, Sarah
name: Buis, Arjan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. PRISMA-ScR Checklist. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) Checklist.
Enhanced Angular Momentum Transport in Accretion Disks
Creators: name: Balbus, Steven A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The status of our current understanding of angular momentum transport in accretion disks is reviewed. The last decade has seen a dramatic increase both in the recognition of key physical processes and in our ability to carry through direct numerical simulations of turbulent flow. Magnetic fields have at once powerful and subtle influences on the behavior of (sufficiently) ionized gas, rendering them directly unstable to free energy gradients. Outwardly decreasing angular velocity profiles are unstable. The breakdown of Keplerian rotation into MHD turbulence may be studied in some numerical detail, and key transport coefficients may be evaluated. Chandra observations of the Galactic Center support the existence of low luminosity accretion, which may ultimately prove amenable to global three-dimensional numerical simulation.
description: 43 pages, 2 figures, to appear v.43 A.R.A.A. October 2003
Erythmelus (Erythmelus) reductus S. Triapitsyn 2003
Creators: name: Triapitsyn, Serguei V.
name: Berezovskiy, Vladimir V.
name: Hoddle, Mark S.
name: Morse, Joseph G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Mymaridae
Erythmelus
Erythmelus reductus

description: Erythmelus (Erythmelus) reductus S. Triapitsyn, 2003
(Figs 69–71)
 Erythmelus (Erythmelus) reductus S. Triapitsyn 2003: 21–24 (holotype female [Humboldt University, Villa de Leyva, Boyacá, Colombia], examined. Type locality: Parque Nacional Natural Amacayacu, 3.82ºS 70.26ºW, Amazonas, Colombia).
 Diagnosis. Erythmelus (E.) reductus was only provisionally assigned to the flavovarius species group by Triapitsyn (2003); indeed it most probably belongs in there. The original description of this species is detailed and well-illustrated, so it is not repeated here. The male of E. (E.) reductus has a 9–segmented antennal flagellum (Fig. 71), unlike in all other described species of subgenus Erythmelus (Erythmelus), which have an 11– segmented or, rarely, a 10–segmented flagellum (males are not known in many species). The female of E. (E.) reductus is somewhat similar to that of E. (E.) cingulatus Ogloblin and differs from the latter by a narrower (5.5–5.9 x as long as wide), strongly infuscate forewing (Fig. 70) with a different chaetotaxy of the blade and longer marginal cilia relative to the greatest width of the wing (the forewing of E. (E.) cingulatus is 4.5–4.7 x as long as wide). F2–F4 of the female antenna of E. (E.) reductus (Fig. 69) are longer than wide.
 Distribution. Colombia (Triapitsyn 2003)
 Hosts. Unknown.
description: Published as part of Triapitsyn, Serguei V., Berezovskiy, Vladimir V., Hoddle, Mark S. & Morse, Joseph G., 2007, A review of the Nearctic species of Erythmelus (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae), with a key and new additions to the New World fauna, pp. 1-64 in Zootaxa 1641 (1) on page 50, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1641.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5103407
Informe final: Síntesis y caracterización de materiales termoeléctricos para aplicaciones de cosecha de energía pystructure 2.0
Creators: name: gomez hermida, monica maria
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Informe de investigación: Síntesis y caracterización de materiales termoeléctricos para aplicaciones de cosecha de energía Pystructure 2.0
Additional file 1 of The value of hope: development and validation of a contextual measure of hope among people living with HIV in urban Tanzania a mixed methods exploratory sequential study
Creators: name: Siril, Hellen
name: Fawzi, Mary Smith
name: Todd, Jim
name: Magreat Somba
name: Kaale, Anna
name: Minja, Anna
name: Japhet Killewo
name: Mugusi, Ferdinand
name: Kaaya, Sylvia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. The value of hope: development and validation of a contextual measure of hope among people living with hiv in urban Dar es salaam, Tanzania.
Re-entrant pinning of Wigner molecules in a magnetic field due to a Coulomb impurity
Creators: name: Szafran, B.
name: Peeters, F. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Pinning of magnetic-field induced Wigner molecules (WMs) confined in parabolic two-dimensional quantum dots by a charged defect is studied by an exact diagonalization approach. We found a re-entrant pinning of the WMs as function of the magnetic field, a magnetic field induced re-orientation of the WMs and a qualitatively different pinning behaviour in the presence of a positive and negative Coulomb impurity.
MOESM1 of GSTZ1 deficiency promotes hepatocellular carcinoma proliferation via activation of the KEAP1/NRF2 pathway
Creators: name: Li, Jingjing
name: Wang, Qiujie
name: Yang, Yi
name: Lei, Chong
name: Yang, Fan
name: Liang, Li
name: Chen, Chang
name: Xia, Jie
name: Wang, Kai
name: Tang, Ni
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Quantitative RT-PCR Primer Sequences.
Detecting the halo heating from AGN feedback with ALMA
Creators: name: Brownson, Simcha
name: Maiolino, Roberto
name: Tazzari, Marco
name: Carniani, Stefano
name: Henden, Nick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ) effect can potentially be used to investigate the heating of the circumgalactic medium and subsequent suppression of cold gas accretion onto the host galaxy caused by quasar feedback. We use a deep ALMA observation of HE0515-4414 in band 4, the most luminous quasar known at the peak of cosmic star formation (z=1.7), to search for the SZ signal tracing the heating of the galaxy's halo. ALMA's sensitivity to a broad range of spatial scales enables us to disentangle emitting compact sources from the negative, extended SZ signal. We obtain a marginal S-Z detection (~3.3$σ$) on scales of about 300 kpc (30-40 arcsec), at the 0.2 mJy level, 0.5 mJy after applying a correction factor for primary beam attenuation and flux that is resolved out by the array. We show that our result is consistent with a simulated ALMA observation of a similar quasar in the FABLE cosmological simulations. We emphasise that detecting an SZ signal is more easily achieved in the visibility plane than in the (inferred) images. We also confirm a marginal detection (3.2$σ$) of a potential SZ dip on smaller scales (<100 kpc) already claimed by other authors, possibly highlighting the complex structure of the halo heating. Finally, we use SZ maps from the FABLE cosmological simulations, convolved with ALMA simulations, to illustrate that band 3 observations are much more effective in detecting the SZ signal with higher significance, and discuss the optimal observing strategy.
description: 13 pages, 16 figures. Accepted for publication by MNRAS