cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Simulation of many-electron systems that exchange matter with the environment
Creators: name: Site, Luigi Delle
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The computational treatment of many-electron systems capable of exchanging {electrons and nuclei} with the environment represents one of the outermost frontiers in simulation methodology. The exchanging process occurs in a large variety of natural and artificially induced phenomena which are of major relevance to several leading fields of academic research and modern technology. In this progress report I will present an overview of problems in current materials science and chemical physics where the corresponding computational approaches require the concept of an electronic system with open boundaries. Quantum and Quantum/Classical computational techniques treat the exchange of electrons with the environment at different computational efficiency, conceptual rigorousness and numerical accuracy. The overall emerging picture shows a rich availability of interesting ideas, some with a higher weight on the pragmatic side, others with higher weight on the conceptual side; possible combinations, in perspective, may push the field much beyond its current frontiers.
The angular diameter and distance of the Cepheid Zeta Geminorum
Creators: name: Kervella, P.
name: Foresto, V. Coude du
name: Perrin, G.
name: Schoeller, M.
name: Traub, W. A.
name: Lacasse, M. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cepheids are the primary distance indicators for extragalactic astronomy and therefore are of very high astrophysical interest. Unfortunately, they are rare stars, situated very far from Earth.Though they are supergiants, their typical angular diameter is only a few milliarcseconds, making them very challenging targets even for long-baseline interferometers. We report observations that were obtained in the K prime band (2-2.3 microns), on the Cepheid Zeta Geminorum with the FLUOR beam combiner, installed at the IOTA interferometer. The mean uniform disk angular diameter was measured to be 1.64 +0.14 -0.16 mas. Pulsational variations are not detected at a significant statistical level, but future observations with longer baselines should allow a much better estimation of their amplitude. The distance to Zeta Gem is evaluated using Baade-Wesselink diameter determinations, giving a distance of 502 +/- 88 pc.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures
A Possible Quantum Gravity Hint in Binary Black Hole Merger
Creators: name: Majumdar, Parthasarathi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a semi-rigorous justification of Bekenstein's Generalized Second Law of Thermodynamics applicable to a universe with black holes present, based on a generic quantum gravity formulation of a black hole spacetime, where the bulk Hamiltonian constraint plays a central role. Specializing to Loop Quantum Gravity, and considering the inspiral and post-ringdown stages of binary black hole merger into a remnant black hole, we show that the Generalized Second Law implies a lower bound on the non-perturbative LQG correction to the Bekenstein-Hawking area law for black hole entropy. This lower bound itself is expressed as a function of the Bekenstein-Hawking area formula for entropy. Results of the analyses of LIGO-VIRGO-KAGRA data recently performed to verify the Hawking Area Theorem for binary black hole merger, are shown to be entirely consistent with this Loop Quantum Gravity-induced inequality. However, the consistency is independent of the magnitude of the Loop Quantum Gravity corrections to black hole entropy, depending only on the negative algebraic sign of the quantum correction. We argue that results of alternative quantum gravity computations of quantum black hole entropy, where the quantum entropy exceeds the Bekenstein-Hawking value, may not share this consistency.
description: 5 Pages Revtex 4-1, 2 jpg figures, reference added. No changes in main body of paper
Tobacco Growth Promotion by the Entomopathogenic Fungus, Isaria javanica pf185
Creators: name: Yong-Seong Lee
name: Kim, Young Cheol
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Plant Biology

description: Isaria javanica pf185 is an important entomopathogenic fungus with potential for use as an agricultural biocontrol agent. However, the effect of I. javanica pf185 on plant growth is unknown. Enhanced tobacco growth was observed when tobacco roots were exposed to spores, cultures, and fungal cell-free culture supernatants of this fungus. Tobacco seedlings were also exposed to the volatiles of I. javanica pf185 in vitro using I-plates in which the plant and fungus were growing in separate compartments connected only by air space. The length and weight of seedlings, content of leaf chlorophyll, and number of root branches were significantly increased by the fungal volatiles. Heptane, 3-hexanone, 2,4-dimethylhexane, and 2-nonanone were detected, by solid-phase micro-extraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrophotometry, as the key volatile compounds produced by I. javanica pf185. These findings illustrate that I. javanica pf185 can be used to promote plant growth, and also as a biocontrol agent of insect and plant diseases. Further studies are necessary to elucidate the mechanisms by which I. javanica pf185 promotes plant growth.
BLeSS: Bio-inspired Low-level Spatiochromatic Similarity Assisted Image Quality Assessment
Creators: name: Temel, Dogancan
name: AlRegib, Ghassan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.4

description: This paper proposes a biologically-inspired low-level spatiochromatic-model-based similarity method (BLeSS) to assist full-reference image-quality estimators that originally oversimplify color perception processes. More specifically, the spatiochromatic model is based on spatial frequency, spatial orientation, and surround contrast effects. The assistant similarity method is used to complement image-quality estimators based on phase congruency, gradient magnitude, and spectral residual. The effectiveness of BLeSS is validated using FSIM, FSIMc and SR-SIM methods on LIVE, Multiply Distorted LIVE, and TID 2013 databases. In terms of Spearman correlation, BLeSS enhances the performance of all quality estimators in color-based degradations and the enhancement is at 100% for both feature- and spectral residual-based similarity methods. Moreover, BleSS significantly enhances the performance of SR-SIM and FSIM in the full TID 2013 database.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures, 3 tables
Comparison of open-source software for producing directed acyclic graphs
Creators: name: Pitts, Amy J.
name: Fowler, Charlotte R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Other Statistics (stat.OT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 92B15, 62D20, 97Kxx, 68R10

description: Many software packages have been developed to assist researchers in drawing directed acyclic graphs (DAGs), each with unique functionality and usability. We examine five of the most common software to generate DAGs: TikZ, DAGitty, ggdag, dagR, and igraph. For each package, we provide a general description of the its background, analysis and visualization capabilities, and user-friendliness. Additionally in order to compare packages, we produce two DAGs in each software, the first featuring a simple confounding structure, while the second includes a more complex structure with three confounders and a mediator. We provide recommendations for when to use each software depending on the user's needs.
Transitional disk archeology from exoplanet population synthesis
Creators: name: Molano, Germán Chaparro
name: Bautista, Frank
name: Miguel, Yamila
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Increasingly better observations of resolved protoplanetary disks show a wide range of conditions in which planets can be formed. Many transitional disks show gaps in their radial density structure, which are usually interpreted as signatures of planets. It has also been suggested that observed inhomogeneities in transitional disks are indicative of dust traps which may help the process of planet formation. However, it is yet to be seen if the configuration of fully evolved exoplanetary systems can yield information about the later stages of their primordial disks. We use synthetic exoplanet population data from Monte Carlo simulations of systems forming under different density perturbation conditions, which are based on current observations of transitional disks. The simulations use a core instability, oligarchic growth, dust trap analytical model that has been benchmarked against exoplanetary populations.
description: 5 pages, accepted to the Proceedings IAU Symposium No. 345, 2019 conference book
title: Towards an EPR on a Chip Spectrometer for Monitoring Radiation Damage During X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy
Creators: name: Shabratova, Ekaterina
name: Lotfi, Hadi
name: Sakr, Ayman
name: Hassan, Mohamed Atef
name: Kern, Michal
name: Neeb, Matthias
name: Grüneberger, René
name: Klemke, Bastian
name: Marcozzi, Gianluca
name: Kiefer, Klaus
name: Tsarapkin, Aleksei
name: Höflich, Katja
name: Dittwald, Alina
name: Denker, Andrea
name: Anders, Jens
name: McPeak, Joseph E.
name: Lips, Klaus
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy
subject: Radiation Damage
subject: X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy
classificationCode: 530
subject: Physik

description: Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy is an essential tool to investigate the effects of ionizing radiation, which is routinely administered for reducing contaminations and waste in food products and cosmetics as well as for sterilization in industry and medicine. In materials research, EPR methods are not only employed as a spectroscopic method of structural investigations, but also have been employed for detection of changes in electronic structure due to radiation damage from high energy X-rays, for example, to monitor radical formation inside biomolecules caused by X-ray irradiation at carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen K-edges at synchrotron facilities. Here a compact EPR spectrometer, based on EPR-on-a-chip (EPRoC) sensor and a portable electromagnet, has been developed as a solution for monitoring radiation damage of samples during their investigation by X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) at synchrotron facilities. A portable electromagnet with a soft iron core and forced air temperature stabilization was constructed as the source of the external magnetic field. The sweep range of magnetic field inside the most homogeneous region of the portable electromagnet is 12–290 mT. The compact spectrometer performance was evaluated by placing the EPRoC sensor inside either a commercial electromagnet or the portable electromagnet to record the EPR spectrum of tempol, irradiated alanine, and dilithium phthalocyanine (Li2Pc). The potential performance of the portable spectrometer for the detection of radiation damage in organic compounds and transition metal-containing catalysts during XAS measurements in both fluorescence and transmission modes was calculated with promising implications for measurements after implementation in a synchrotron-based XAS spectrometer.
On the existence of a Bose Metal at T=0
Creators: name: Das, D.
name: Doniach, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper aims to justify, at a microscopic level, the existence of a two-dimensional Bose metal, i.e. a metallic phase made out of Cooper pairs at T=0. To this end, we consider the physics of quantum phase fluctuations in (granular) superconductors in the absence of disorder and emphasise the role of two order parameters in the problem, viz. phase order and charge order. We focus on the 2-d Bose Hubbard model in the limit of very large fillings, i.e. a 2-d array of Josephson junctions. We find that the algebra of phase fluctuations is that of the Euclidean group $E_{2}$ in this limit, and show that the model is equivalent to two coupled XY models in (2+1)-d, one corresponding to the phase degrees of freedom, and the other the charge degrees of freedom. The Bose metal, then, is the phase in which both these degrees of freedom are disordered(as a result of quantum frustration). We analyse the model in terms of its topological excitations and suggest that there is a strong indication that this state represents a surface of critical points, akin to the gapless spin liquid states. We find a remarkable consistency of this scenario with certain low-T_c thin film experiments.
description: 16 pages, 2 figures
Coulomb suppression of NMR coherence peak in fullerene superconductors
Creators: name: Choi, Han-Yong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The suppressed NMR coherence peak in the fullerene superconductors is explained in terms of the dampings in the superconducting state induced by the Coulomb interaction between conduction electrons. The Coulomb interaction, modelled in terms of the onsite Hubbard repulsion, is incorporated into the Eliashberg theory of superconductivity with its frequency dependence considered self-consistently at all temperatures. The vertex correction is also included via the method of Nambu. The frequency dependent Coulomb interaction induces the substantial dampings in the superconducting state and, consequently, suppresses the anticipated NMR coherence peak of fullerene superconductors as found experimentally.
description: 4 pages, Revtex, and 2 figures. Revised and final version to appear in Phys. Rev. Lett. (1998)
Rotating magnetohydrodynamic turbulence
Creators: name: Bell, Nicholas
name: Nazarenko, Sergey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Turbulence in rotating Magneto-hydrodynamic systems is studied theoretically and numerically. In the linear limit, when the velocity and magnetic perturbations are small, the system supports two types of waves. When the rotation effects are stronger than the ones of the external magnetic field, one of these waves contains most of the kinetic energy (inertial wave) and the other -- most of the magnetic energy (magnetostrophic wave). The weak wave turbulence (WWT) theory for decoupled inertial and magnetospheric wave systems was previously derived by Galtier (2014). In the present paper, we derive theory of strong turbulence for such waves based on the critical balance (CB) approach conjecturing that the linear and nonlinear timescales are of similar magnitudes in a wide range of turbulent scales. Regimes of weak and strong wave turbulence are simulated numerically. The results appear to be in good agreement with the WWT and CB predictions, particularly for the exponents of the kinetic and magnetic energy spectra.
Duality and the Modular Group in the Quantum Hall Effect
Creators: name: Dolan, Brian P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the consequences of introducing a complex conductivity into the quantum Hall effect. This leads naturally to an action of the modular group on the upper-half complex conductivity plane. Assuming that the action of a certain subgroup, compatible with the law of corresponding states, commutes with the renormalisation group flow, we derive many properties of both the integer and fractional quantum Hall effects, including: universality; the selection rule $|p_1q_2 - p_2q_1|=1$ for quantum Hall transitions between filling factors $ν_1=p_1/q_1$ and $ν_2=p_2/q_2$; critical values for the conductivity tensor; and Farey sequences of transitions. Extra assumptions about the form of the renormalisation group flow lead to the semi-circle rule for transitions between Hall plateaus.
description: 3 pages, 1 table and 2 figures. Typeset in RevTeX. Some minor modifications and typos corrected
How Effective Are Neural Networks for Fixing Security Vulnerabilities
Creators: name: Wu, Yi
name: Jiang, Nan
name: Pham, Hung Viet
name: Lutellier, Thibaud
name: Davis, Jordan
name: Tan, Lin
name: Babkin, Petr
name: Shah, Sameena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Security vulnerability repair is a difficult task that is in dire need of automation. Two groups of techniques have shown promise: (1) large code language models (LLMs) that have been pre-trained on source code for tasks such as code completion, and (2) automated program repair (APR) techniques that use deep learning (DL) models to automatically fix software bugs.
 This paper is the first to study and compare Java vulnerability repair capabilities of LLMs and DL-based APR models. The contributions include that we (1) apply and evaluate five LLMs (Codex, CodeGen, CodeT5, PLBART and InCoder), four fine-tuned LLMs, and four DL-based APR techniques on two real-world Java vulnerability benchmarks (Vul4J and VJBench), (2) design code transformations to address the training and test data overlapping threat to Codex, (3) create a new Java vulnerability repair benchmark VJBench, and its transformed version VJBench-trans and (4) evaluate LLMs and APR techniques on the transformed vulnerabilities in VJBench-trans.
 Our findings include that (1) existing LLMs and APR models fix very few Java vulnerabilities. Codex fixes 10.2 (20.4%), the most number of vulnerabilities. (2) Fine-tuning with general APR data improves LLMs' vulnerability-fixing capabilities. (3) Our new VJBench reveals that LLMs and APR models fail to fix many Common Weakness Enumeration (CWE) types, such as CWE-325 Missing cryptographic step and CWE-444 HTTP request smuggling. (4) Codex still fixes 8.3 transformed vulnerabilities, outperforming all the other LLMs and APR models on transformed vulnerabilities. The results call for innovations to enhance automated Java vulnerability repair such as creating larger vulnerability repair training data, tuning LLMs with such data, and applying code simplification transformation to facilitate vulnerability repair.
description: This paper was accepted in the proceedings of the 32nd ACM SIGSOFT International Symposium on Software Testing and Analysis (ISSTA 2023), and was presented at the conference, that was held in Seattle, USA, 17-21 July 2023
title: Enhanced phosphorus weathering contributed to Late Miocene cooling
Creators: name: Zhong, Yi
name: Li, Zhiguo
name: Shi, Xuefa
name: Isson, Terry
name: Yu, Jimin
name: Kender, Sev
name: Liang, Zhou
name: Swann, George E. A.
name: Pullen, Alex
name: Weber, Michael E.
name: Du, Jinlong
name: Larrasoaña, Juan C.
name: Zhang, Jingyu
name: Song, Yafang
name: González, F. J.
name: Kaboth-Bahr, Stefanie
name: Li, Hai
name: Zhang, Qi
name: Zhao, Debo
name: Cao, Wei
name: Zhao, Mingyu
name: Liu, Qingsong
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Palaeoceanography
subject: Palaeoclimate
subject: Late Miocene climate
classificationCode: 550
subject: Geowissenschaften

description: Late Miocene climate evolution provides an opportunity to assess Earth’s climate sensitivity to carbon cycle perturbation under warmer-than-modern conditions. Despite its relevance for understanding the climate system, the driving mechanisms underlying profound climate and carbon cycle changes – including the enigmatic Late Miocene cooling from 7 to 5.4 million years ago – remain unclear. Here, we present magnetic and geochemical paleoceanographic proxies from a hydrogenetic ferromanganese crust retrieved in the northwestern Pacific Ocean. Our results indicate a striking 50% surge in deep ocean phosphorus concentrations occurred 7 – 4 million years ago, synchronous with enhanced deep ocean oxygen consumption. Employing a global biogeochemical model, we show that increased continental phosphorus weathering, without a concurrent rise in silicate weathering, contributed to the decline in atmospheric CO2 and associated cooling over the Late Miocene. This suggests a prominent decoupling of phosphorus and silicate weathering during a major carbon cycling event over the last 10 million years.
Anomalous vortex dynamics in spin-triplet superconductor UTe$_2$
Creators: name: Tokiwa, Y.
name: Kambe, H. Sakai. S.
name: Opletal, P.
name: Yamamoto, E.
name: Kimata, M.
name: Awaji, S.
name: Sasaki, T.
name: Yanase, Y.
name: Haga, Y.
name: Tokunaga, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The vortex dynamics in the spin-triplet superconductor, UTe$_2$, are studied by measuring the DC electrical resistivity with currents along the $a$-axis under magnetic fields along the $b$-axis. Surprisingly, we have discovered an island region of low critical current deep inside the superconducting (SC) state, well below the SC upper critical field, attributed to a weakening of vortex pinning. Notably, this region coincides with the recently proposed intermediate-field SC state. We discuss the possibility of nonsingular vortices in the intermediate state, where SC order parameter does not vanish entirely in the vortex cores due to the mixing of multiple SC components.
Nonlinear Quantum Capacitance
Creators: name: Wang, Baigeng
name: Zhao, Xuean
name: Wang, Jian
name: Guo, Hong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the nonlinear voltage dependence of elelctrochemical capacitance for nano-scale conductors. This voltage dependence is due to finite density of states of the conductors. We derive an exact expression for the electrochemical capacitance-voltage curve for a parallel plate system. The result suggests a quantum scanning capacitance microscopy at the nano-scale: by inverting the capacitance-voltage expression one is able to deduce the local spectral function of the nano-scale conductor.
Polityka lokalna w ujęciu systemowym
Creators: name: Glinka, Kamil
Publisher: name: Instytut Politologii Uniwersytetu Wrocławskiego
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: system polityczny
subject: ujęcie systemowe
subject: polityka lokalna
subject: polityka miejska
subject: political system
subject: systemic approach
subject: local policy
subject: urban policy
subject: system polityczny
subject: ujęcie systemowe
subject: polityka lokalna
subject: polityka miejska
subject: political system
subject: systemic approach
subject: local policy
subject: urban policy
subject: system polityczny
subject: ujęcie systemowe
subject: polityka lokalna
subject: polityka miejska
subject: political system
subject: systemic approach
subject: local policy
subject: urban policy
subject: system polityczny
subject: ujęcie systemowe
subject: polityka lokalna
subject: polityka miejska
subject: political system
subject: systemic approach
subject: local policy
subject: urban policy
subject: Andrzej Antoszewski

description: Praca powstała w wyniku realizacji działania naukowego nr 2020/04/X/HS5/00147 finansowanego ze środków Narodowego Centrum Nauki
description: Rozdział jest próbą zobrazowania sposobu, w jaki Andrzej Antoszewski postrzega i analizuje politykę lokalną. Podział tekstu na cztery, wyraźnie wyodrębnione części pozwala na przedstawienie: (1) aktualnego stanu badań nad polityką lokalną, (2) wkładu wrocławskiego badacza w rozwój tej koncepcji, (3) recepcji owego wkładu oraz (4) elementów dorobku A. Antoszewskiego, które stanowią inspiracje dla badań polityki miejskiej prowadzonych przez autora niniejszego artykułu.
title: RIF1 integrates DNA repair and transcriptional requirements during the establishment of humoral immune responses
Creators: name: Kabrani, Eleni
name: Rahjouei, Ali
name: Berruezo-Llacuna, Maria
name: Ebeling, Svenja
name: Saha, Tannishtha
name: Altwasser, Robert
name: Delgado-Benito, Veronica
name: Pavri, Rushad
name: Di Virgilio, Michela
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Class switch recombination
subject: Double-strand DNA breaks
subject: Humoral immunity
subject: Transcriptional regulatory elements
classificationCode: 570
subject: Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: The establishment of protective immune responses relies on the ability of terminally differentiated B cells to secrete a broad variety of antigen-specific antibodies with different effector functions. RIF1 is a multifunctional protein that promotes antibody isotype diversification via its DNA end protection activity during class switch recombination. In this study, we showed that RIF1 ablation resulted in increased plasmablast formation ex vivo and enhanced terminal differentiation into plasma cells upon immunization. Mechanistically, this phenotype is independent from RIF1’s role in DNA repair and class switch recombination, and reflects its ability to modulate the transcriptional status of a subset of BLIMP1 target genes. Therefore, here we show that, in addition to promoting antibody diversification, RIF1 fine-tunes the kinetics of late B cell differentiation, thus providing an additional layer of control in the establishment of humoral immunity.
Singlet ground state in the alternating spin-$1/2$ chain compound NaVOAsO$_4$
Creators: name: Arjun, U.
name: Ranjith, K. M.
name: Koo, B.
name: Sichelschmidt, J.
name: Skourski, Y.
name: Baenitz, M.
name: Tsirlin, A. A.
name: Nath, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the synthesis and a detailed investigation of structural and magnetic properties of polycrystalline NaVOAsO$_4$ by means of x-ray diffraction, magnetization, electron spin resonance (ESR), and $^{75}$As nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) measurements as well as density-functional band structure calculations. Temperature-dependent magnetic susceptibility, ESR intensity, and NMR line shift could be described well using an alternating spin-$1/2$ chain model with the exchange coupling $J/k_{\rm B}\simeq 52$ K and an alternation parameter $α\simeq 0.65$. From the high-field magnetic isotherm measured at $T=1.5 $ K, the critical field of the gap closing is found to be $ H_{\rm c}\simeq 16$ T, which corresponds to the zero-field spin gap of $Δ_0/k_{\rm B}\simeq 21.4$ K. Both NMR shift and spin-lattice relaxation rate show an activated behavior at low temperatures, further confirming the singlet ground state. The spin chains do not coincide with the structural chains, whereas the couplings between the spin chains are frustrated. Because of a relatively small spin gap, NaVOAsO$_4$ is a promising compound for further experimental studies under high magnetic fields.
description: 14 pages, 10 figures, 2 tables
Supplemental Digital Content 1 from Excessive adventitial stress drives inflammation-mediated fibrosis in hypertensive aortic remodelling in mice
Creators: name: Spronck, Bart
name: Latorre, Marcos
name: Wang, Mo
name: Mehta, Sameet
name: Caulk, Alexander W.
name: Ren, Pengwei
name: Ramachandra, Abhay B.
name: Murtada, Sae-Il
name: Rojas, Alexia
name: He, Chang-Shun
name: Jiang, Bo
name: Bersi, Matthew R.
name: Tellides, George
name: Humphrey, Jay D.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021

description: Supplemental Methods, Discussion, Figures, and Tables
Structural Trends and Itinerant Magnetism of the New Cage-structured Compound HfMn$_{2}$Zn$_{20}$
Creators: name: Yasmin, Nusrat
name: Noor, Md Fahel Bin
name: Besara, Tiglet
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new cage-structured compound - HfMn$_{2}$Zn$_{20}$ - belonging to the AB$_{2}$C$_{20}$ (A, B = transition or rare earth metals, and C = Al, Zn, or Cd) family of structures has been synthesized via the self-flux method. The new compound crystallizes in the space group Fd-3m with lattice parameter a = 14.0543(2) Å (Z = 8) and exhibits non-stoichiometry due to Mn/Zn mixing on the Mn-site and an underoccupied Hf-site. The structure refines to Hf$_{0.93}$Mn$_{1.63}$Zn$_{20.37}$ and follows lattice size trends when compared to other HfM$_{2}$Zn$_{20}$ (M = Fe, Co, and Ni) structures. The magnetic measurements show that this compound displays a modified Curie-Weiss behavior with a transition temperature around 22 K. The magnetization shows no saturation, a small magnetic moment, and near negligible hysteresis, all signs of the itinerant magnetism. The Rhodes-Wohlfarth ratio and the spin fluctuation parameters ratio both confirm the itinerant nature of the magnetism in HfMn$_{2}$Zn$_{20}$.
description: Accepted for publication in Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter
Photon-momentum transfer in diatomic molecules: an ab initio study
Creators: name: Liang, Hao
name: Wang, Mu-Xue
name: Xiao, Xiang-Ru
name: Gong, Qihuang
name: Peng, Liang-You
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For a molecule, the two-center interference and the molecular scattering phase of the electron are important for almost all the processes that may occur in a laser field. In this study, we investigate their effects in the transfer of linear photon momentum to the ionized electron by absorbing a single photon. The time-dependent Schrödinger equation of H$_2^+$ is numerically solved in {the multipolar} gauge in which the electric quadrupole term and the magnetic dipole term are explicitly expressed. This allows us to separate the contributions of the two terms in the momentum transfer. For different configurations of the molecular and the laser orientation, the transferred momentum to the electron is evaluated at different internuclear distances with various photon energies { and two-center interferences are identified in the whole region. At small electron energies and small internuclear distances, we find significant deviations from the prediction of the classical double-slit model due to the strong mediation of the Coulomb potential.} Finally, even for a large internuclear distance, our results show that a varying molecular scattering phase is important at all electron energies, which is beyond the simple prediction of the linear combination of the atomical orbitals.
description: 7 pages, 4 fiugres
Resampling-based confidence intervals and bands for the average treatment effect in observational studies with competing risks
Creators: name: Rühl, Jasmin
name: Friedrich, Sarah
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The g-formula can be used to estimate the treatment effect while accounting for confounding bias in observational studies. With regard to time-to-event endpoints, possibly subject to competing risks, the construction of valid pointwise confidence intervals and time-simultaneous confidence bands for the causal risk difference is complicated, however. A convenient solution is to approximate the asymptotic distribution of the corresponding stochastic process by means of resampling approaches. In this paper, we consider three different resampling methods, namely the classical nonparametric bootstrap, the influence function equipped with a resampling approach as well as a martingale-based bootstrap version. We set up a simulation study to compare the accuracy of the different techniques, which reveals that the wild bootstrap should in general be preferred if the sample size is moderate and sufficient data on the event of interest have been accrued. For illustration, the three resampling methods are applied to data on the long-term survival in patients with early-stage Hodgkin's disease.
Molecular dynamics of partially confined Lennard-Jones gases: Velocity autocorrelation function, mean squared displacement, and collective excitations
Creators: name: Ghosh, Kanka
name: Krishnamurthy, C. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Particle motion and correlations in fluids within confined domains promise to provide challenges and opportunities for experimental and theoretical studies. We report molecular dynamics simulations of a Lennard-Jones gas mimicking argon under partial confinement for a wide range of densities at a temperature of 300 K. The isotropic behavior of velocity autocorrelation function (VACF) and mean squared displacement (MSD), seen in the bulk, breaks down due to partial confinement. A distinct trend emerges in the VACF-perpendicular and MSD-perpendicular, corresponding to the confined direction, while the trends in VACF-parallel and MSD-parallel, corresponding to the other two unconfined directions are seen to be unaffected by the confinement. VACF-perpendicular displays a minimum, at short timescales, that correlates with the separation between the reflective walls. The effect of partial confinement on MSD-perpendicular is seen to manifest as a transition from diffusive to subdiffusive motion with the transition time correlating with the minimum in the VACF-perpendicular. When compared to the trends shown by MSD and VACF in the bulk, the MSD-perpendicular exhibits subdiffusive behavior and the VACF-perpendicular features rapid decay, suggesting that confinement suppresses the role of thermal fluctuations significantly. Repetitive wall-mediated collisions are identified to give rise to the minima in VACF-perpendicular and in turn a characteristic frequency in its frequency spectrum. The strong linear relation between the minima in VACF-perpendicular and wall-spacing suggests the existence of collective motion propagating at the speed of sound. These numerical experiments can offer interesting possibilities in the study of confined motion with observable consequences.
title: Societal changes in Ancient Greece impacted terrestrial and marine environments
Creators: name: Koutsodendris, Andreas
name: Maran, Joseph
name: Kotthoff, Ulrich
name: Lippold, Jörg
name: Knipping, Maria
name: Friedrich, Oliver
name: Gerdes, Axel
name: Kaboth-Bahr, Stefanie
name: Bahr, André
name: Schulz, Hartmut
name: Sakellariou, Dimitris
name: Pross, Jörg
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Environmental impact
subject: Geochemistry
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: human impact on ecosystems
classificationCode: 550
subject: Geowissenschaften

description: The Aegean hosts some of the earliest cultural centers in European antiquity. To reconstruct the evolution of early anthropogenic impact in this region, we have examined lead (Pb) contents and vegetation dynamics on well-dated environmental archives extending to the early Holocene. We show that the impact of agropastoral societies on terrestrial ecosystems was locally confined during the Bronze and Iron Ages (5200–2750 years ago), although we record an onset of Pb pollution already at 5200 cal. years BP and thus about 1200 years earlier than previous archeological evidence. Our data demonstrate a marked increase in Pb pollution at 2150 cal. years BP that left an imprint across terrestrial and marine settings of the Aegean region. This first manifestation of marine pollution coincides with maximum deforestation and agricultural expansion, signaling pervasive human impact on ecosystems connected to the advanced monetized societies during the Hellenistic and Roman periods in Ancient Greece.
Mixed-Spin Ladders and Plaquette Spin Chains
Creators: name: Koga, A.
name: Kumada, S.
name: Kawakami, N.
name: Fukui, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate low-energy properties of a generalized spin ladder model with both of the spin alternation and the bond alternation, which allows us to systematically study not only ladder systems but also alternating spin chains. By exploiting non-linear $σ$ model techniques we study the model with particular emphasis on the competition between gapful and gapless states. Our approach turns out to provide a more consistent semi-classical description of alternating spin chains than that in the previous work. We also study a closely related model, i.e., a spin chain with plaquette structure, and show that frustration causes little effect on its low-energy properties so far as the strength of frustration is weaker than a certain critical value.
description: 7 pages, REVTeX, 3 figures, submitted to JPSJ
Finite-Dimensional Stinespring Curves Can Approximate Any Dynamics
Creators: name: Ende, Frederik vom
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We generalize a recent result stating that all analytic quantum dynamics can be represented exactly as the reduction of unitary dynamics generated by a time-dependent Hamiltonian. More precisely, we prove that the partial trace over analytic paths of unitaries can approximate any Lipschitz-continuous quantum dynamics arbitrarily well. Equivalently, all such dynamics can be approximated by analytic Kraus operators. We conclude by discussing potential improvements and generalizations of these results, their limitations, and the general challenges one has to overcome when trying to relate dynamics to quantities on the system-environment level.
description: 14+6 pages, accepted to Open Systems & Information Dynamics
Paper I
Creators: name: DAILU GUAN
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 70201 Animal Breeding
subject: FOS: Animal and dairy science

description: BackgroundIn this study, we aimed to investigate the molecular basis of lactation as well as to identify the genetic factors that influence milk yield and composition in goats. To achieve these two goals, we have analyzed how the mRNA profile of the mammary gland changes in seven Murciano-Granadina goats at each of three different time points, i.e. 78 d (T1, early lactation), 216 d (T2, late lactation) and 285 d (T3, dry period) after parturition. Moreover, we have performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) for seven dairy traits recorded in the 1st lactation of 822 Murciano-Granadina goats.ResultsThe expression profiles of the mammary gland in the early (T1) and late (T2) lactation were quite similar (42 differentially expressed genes), while strong transcriptomic differences (more than one thousand differentially expressed genes) were observed between the lactating (T1/T2) and non-lactating (T3) mammary glands. A large number of differentially expressed genes were involved in pathways related with the biosynthesis of amino acids, cholesterol, triglycerides and steroids as well as with glycerophospholipid metabolism, adipocytokine signaling, lipid binding, regulation of ion transmembrane transport, calcium ion binding, metalloendopeptidase activity and complement and coagulation cascades. With regard to the second goal of the study, the performance of the GWAS allowed us to detect 24 quantitative trait loci (QTLs), including three genome-wide significant associations: QTL1 (chromosome 2, 130.72-131.01 Mb) for lactose percentage, QTL6 (chromosome 6, 78.90-93.48 Mb) for protein percentage and QTL17 (chromosome 17, 11.20 Mb) for both protein and dry matter percentages. Interestingly, QTL6 shows positional coincidence with the casein genes, which encode 80% of milk proteins.ConclusionsThe abrogation of lactation involves dramatic changes in the expression of genes participating in a broad array of physiological processes such as protein, lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, calcium homeostasis, cell death and tissue remodeling, as well as immunity. We also conclude that genetic variation at the casein genes has a major impact on the milk protein content of Murciano-Granadina goats.
title: Learning and forecasting open quantum dynamics with correlated noise
Creators: name: Zhang, Xinfang
name: Wu, Zhihao
name: White, Gregory A. L.
name: Xiang, Zhongcheng
name: Hu, Shun
name: Peng, Zhihui
name: Liu, Yong
name: Zheng, Dongning
name: Fu, Xiang
name: Huang, Anqi
name: Poletti, Dario
name: Modi, Kavan
name: Wu, Junjie
name: Deng, Mingtang
name: Guo, Chu
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Quantum information
subject: Quantum mechanics
subject: noisy quantum dynamics
classificationCode: 530
subject: Physik

description: The development of practical quantum processors relies on the ability to control and predict their functioning despite the presence of noise. This is particularly challenging for temporarily correlated noise. Here we propose a physics-inspired supervised machine learning approach to efficiently and accurately predict the functioning of quantum processors in the presence of correlated noise, which only requires data from randomized benchmarking experiments. To demonstrate the efficacy of our technique, we analyze the data from a superconducting quantum processor with tunable correlated noise. We produce training data by evolving the system for a number of time steps, and with this, we fully quantify the correlated noise and accurately predict the dynamics of the system for times beyond the training data. This approach shows a path towards efficient and effective learning of noisy quantum dynamics and optimally control quantum processors over long and complex computations even in the presence of correlated noise.
Discovery of pulsations from the Be/X-ray binary RX J0101.3-7211 in the SMC by XMM-Newton
Creators: name: Sasaki, M.
name: Haberl, F.
name: Keller, S.
name: Pietsch, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report pulsations in the X-ray flux of RX J0101.3-7211 in the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) with a period of 455+/-2 s in XMM-Newton EPIC-PN data. The X-ray spectrum can be described by a power-law with a photon index of 0.6+/-0.1. Timing analysis of ROSAT PSPC and HRI archival data confirms the pulsations and indicates a period increase of ~5 s since 1993. RX J0101.3-7211 varied in brightness during the ROSAT observations with timescales of years with a maximum unabsorbed flux of 6 x 10^-13 erg cm^-2 s^-1 (0.1 - 2.4 keV). The flux during the XMM-Newton observation in the ROSAT band was lower than during the faintest ROSAT detection. The unabsorbed luminosity derived from the EPIC-PN spectrum is 2 x 10^35 erg s^-1 (0.2 - 10.0 keV) assuming a distance of 60 kpc. Optical spectra of the proposed counterpart taken at the 2.3 m telescope of MSSSO in Australia in August 2000 show strong Halpha emission and indicate a Be star. The X-ray and optical data confirm RX J0101.3-7211 as a Be/X-ray binary pulsar in the SMC.
description: letter accepted by A&A
PHAIDRA - Infrastruktur und Langzeitarchivierung von Forschungsoutput
Creators: name: Blumesberger, Susanne
Year: 2025
Subjects: Bibliothekswissenschaft
Library science
ÖFOS 2012 -- SOZIALWISSENSCHAFTEN (5) -- Medien- und Kommunikationswissenschaften (508) -- Medien- und Kommunikationswissenschaften (5080) -- Bibliothekswissenschaft (508003)
ÖFOS 2012 -- SOCIAL SCIENCES (5) -- Media and Communication Sciences (508) -- Media and Communication Sciences (5080) -- Library science (508003)
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description: Präsentationsfolien im Rahmen der Cluster Forschungsdaten Expo 2025
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Stability of isometric immersions of hypersurfaces
Creators: name: Alpern, Itai
name: Kupferman, Raz
name: Maor, Cy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C24, 53C42, 74B20, 74K25

description: We prove a stability result of isometric immersions of hypersurfaces in Riemannian manifolds, with respect to $L^p$-perturbations of their fundamental forms: For a manifold $M^d$ endowed with a reference metric and a reference shape operator, we show that a sequence of immersions $f_n:M^d\to N^{d+1}$, whose pullback metrics and shape operators are arbitrary close in $L^p$ to the reference ones, converge to an isometric immersion having the reference shape operator. This result is motivated by elasticity theory and generalizes a previous result by the authors to a general target manifold $N$, removing a constant curvature assumption. The method of proof differs from that in Alpern et al.: it extends a Young measure approach that was used in codimension-0 stability results, together with an appropriate relaxation of the energy and a regularity result for immersions satisfying given fundamental forms. In addition, we prove a related quantitative (rather than asymptotic) stability result in the case of Euclidean target, similar to Ciarlet et al. (Anal. Appl. 2019) but with no a-priori assumed bounds.
description: vr2: some references added. vr3: improvements in presentation, Section 2.1 added, Appendix B removed
Corrugation-Induced First-Order Wetting: An Effective Hamiltonian Study
Creators: name: Swain, P. S.
name: Parry, A. O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider an effective Hamiltonian description of critical wetting transitions in systems with short-range forces at a corrugated (periodic) wall. We are able to recover the results obtained previously from a `microscopic' density-functional approach in which the system wets in a discontinuous manner when the amplitude of the corrugations reaches a critical size A*. Using the functional renormalization group, we find that A* becomes dependent on the wetting parameter ωin such a way as to decrease the extent of the first-order regime. Nevertheless, we still expect wetting in the Ising model to proceed in a discontinuous manner for small deviations of the wall from the plane.
description: 9 pages RevTex with 2 EPS figures. To appear in Eur. Phys. J. B