cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Differentiated Thyroid Cancer—Treatment: State of the Art
Creators: name: Schmidbauer, Benedikt
name: Menhart, Karin
name: Hellwig, Dirk
name: Grosse, Jirka
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: differentiated thyroid cancer; radioiodine therapy; targeted therapy; tyrosine kinase inhibitors
subject: 610 Medizin

description: Differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) is a rare malignant disease, although its incidence has increased over the last few decades. It derives from follicular thyroid cells. Generally speaking, the prognosis is excellent. If treatment according to the current guidelines is given, cases of recurrence or persistence are rare. DTC requires special expertise by the treating physician. In recent years, new therapeutic options for these patients have become available. For this article we performed a systematic literature review with special focus on the guidelines of the American Thyroid Association, the European Association of Nuclear Medicine, and the German Society of Nuclear Medicine. For DTC, surgery and radioiodine therapy followed by levothyroxine substitution remain the established therapeutic procedures. Even metastasized tumors can be cured this way. However, in rare cases of radioiodine-refractory tumors, additional options are to be discussed. These include strict suppression of thyroid-stimulating hormone (also known as thyrotropin, TSH) and external local radiotherapy. Systemic cytostatic chemotherapy does not play a significant role. Recently, multikinase or tyrosine kinase inhibitors have been approved for the treatment of radioiodine-refractory DTC. Although a benefit for overall survival has not been shown yet, these new drugs can slow down tumor progression. However, they are frequently associated with severe side effects and should be reserved for patients with threatening symptoms only.
Aminolevulinic Acid mediated Photodynamic Therapy of Human Meningioma: an in vitro Study on Primary Cell Lines
Creators: name: El-Khatib, Mustafa
name: Tepe, C.
name: Senger, B.
name: Riemenschneider, Markus J.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: 5-ALA; aminolevulinic acid; PDT; photodynamic therapy; meningioma; in vitro; primary cell culture
subject: 610 Medizin

description: Objective: Five-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA)-induced porphyrins in malignant gliomas are potent photosensitizers. Promising results of ALA-PDT (photodynamic therapy) in recurrent glioblastomas have been published. Recently, 5-ALA-induced fluorescence was studied in meningioma surgery. Here, we present an experimental study of ALA-PDT in an in vitro model of primary meningioma cell lines. Methods: We processed native tumor material obtained intra-operatively within 24 h for cell culture. Epithelial membrane antigen (EMA) immunohistochemistry was performed after the first passage to confirm that cells were meningioma cells. For 5-ALA-PDT treatment, about 5000 cells per well were seeded in 20 wells of a blank 96-well plate. Each block of 4 wells was inoculated with 150 µL of 0, 25, 50 and 100 µg/mL 5-ALA solutions; one block was used as negative control without 5-ALA and without PDT. Following incubation for 3 h PDT was performed using a laser (635 nm, 18.75 J/cm2). The therapeutic response was analyzed by the water soluble tetrazolium salt (WST-1) cell viability assay 90 min after PDT. Results: 5-ALA-PDT was performed in 14 primary meningioma cell lines. EMA expression was verified in 10 primary cell cultures. The remaining 4 were EMA negative and PDT was without any effect in these cultures. All 10 EMA-positive cell lines showed a significant and dose-dependent decrease in viability rate (p < 0.001). Cell survival at 5-ALA concentrations of 12.5, 25, 50 and 100 μg/mL was 96.5% ± 7.6%, 67.9% ± 29.9%, 24.0% ± 16.7% and 13.8% ± 7.5%, respectively. For the negative controls (no 5-ALA/PDT and ALA/no PDT), the viability rates were 101.72% ± 3.5% and 100.17% ± 3.6%, respectively. The LD50 for 5-ALA was estimated between 25 and 50 µg/mL. Conclusion: This study reveals dose-dependent cytotoxic effects of 5-ALA-PDT on primary cell lines of meningiomas. Either 5-ALA or PDT alone did not affect cell survival. Further efforts are necessary to study the potential therapeutic effects of 5-ALA-PDT in vivo.
Large deviations of the maximal eigenvalue of random matrices
Creators: name: Borot, Gaëtan
name: Eynard, Bertrand
name: Majumdar, Satya N.
name: Nadal, Céline
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 60Bxx, 82Bxx, 30Exx

description: We present detailed computations of the 'at least finite' terms (three dominant orders) of the free energy in a one-cut matrix model with a hard edge a, in beta-ensembles, with any polynomial potential. beta is a positive number, so not restricted to the standard values beta = 1 (hermitian matrices), beta = 1/2 (symmetric matrices), beta = 2 (quaternionic self-dual matrices). This model allows to study the statistic of the maximum eigenvalue of random matrices. We compute the large deviation function to the left of the expected maximum. We specialize our results to the gaussian beta-ensembles and check them numerically. Our method is based on general results and procedures already developed in the literature to solve the Pastur equations (also called "loop equations"). It allows to compute the left tail of the analog of Tracy-Widom laws for any beta, including the constant term.
description: 62 pages, 4 figures, pdflatex ; v2 bibliography corrected ; v3 typos corrected and preprint added ; v4 few more numbers added
A Small Number of HER2 Redirected CAR T Cells Significantly Improves Immune Response of Adoptively Transferred Mouse Lymphocytes against Human Breast Cancer Xenografts
Creators: name: Tóth, G.
name: Szöllősi, J.
name: Abken, Hinrich
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: breast cancer; trastuzumab; chimeric antigen receptor; immunotherapy; cell therapy
subject: 610 Medizin

description: HER2 positive JIMT-1 breast tumors are resistant to trastuzumab treatment in vitro and develop resistance to trastuzumab in vivo in SCID mice. We explored whether these resistant tumors could still be eliminated by T cells redirected by a second-generation chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) containing a CD28 costimulatory domain and targeting HER2 with a trastuzumab-derived scFv. In vitro, T cells engineered with this HER2 specific CAR recognized HER2 positive target cells as judged by cytokine production and cytolytic activity. In vivo, the administration of trastuzumab twice weekly had no effect on the growth of JIMT-1 xenografts in SCID mice. At the same time, a single dose of 2.5 million T cells from congenic mice exhibited a moderate xenoimmune response and even stable disease in some cases. In contrast, when the same dose contained 7% (175,000) CAR T cells, complete remission was achieved in 57 days. Even a reduced dose of 250,000 T cells, including only 17,500 CAR T cells, yielded complete remission, although it needed nearly twice the time. We conclude that even a small number of CAR T lymphocytes can evoke a robust anti-tumor response against an antibody resistant xenograft by focusing the activity of xenogenic T cells. This observation may have significance for optimizing the dose of CAR T cells in the therapy of solid tumors.
Monkeys and Humans Share a Common Computation for Face/Voice Integration
Creators: name: Chandrasekaran, C.
name: Lemus, L.
name: Trubanova, A.
name: Gondan, Matthias
name: Ghazanfar, A. A.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: 150 Psychologie

description: Speech production involves the movement of the mouth and other regions of the face resulting in visual motion cues. These visual cues enhance intelligibility and detection of auditory speech. As such, face-to-face speech is fundamentally a multisensory phenomenon. If speech is fundamentally multisensory, it should be reflected in the evolution of vocal communication: similar behavioral effects should be observed in other primates. Old World monkeys share with humans vocal production biomechanics and communicate face-to-face with vocalizations. It is unknown, however, if they, too, combine faces and voices to enhance their perception of vocalizations. We show that they do: monkeys combine faces and voices in noisy environments to enhance their detection of vocalizations. Their behavior parallels that of humans performing an identical task. We explored what common computational mechanism(s) could explain the pattern of results we observed across species. Standard explanations or models such as the principle of inverse effectiveness and a “race” model failed to account for their behavior patterns. Conversely, a “superposition model”, positing the linear summation of activity patterns in response to visual and auditory components of vocalizations, served as a straightforward but powerful explanatory mechanism for the observed behaviors in both species. As such, it represents a putative homologous mechanism for integrating faces and voices across primates.
title: "Ara funeraria di Aurelia Teofila", arte romana, inv. CLXXa (ITA/EN)
title: Scheda catalogo digitale Borghese
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Clementi, Jessica
name: Galleria Borghese
Publisher: name: Galleria Borghese
Year: 2024

description: Pubblicazione delle schede delle opere conservate nel museo ed estratte dal catalogo digitale di

Galleria Borghese, nelle due versioni esistenti online, in italiano e inglese.

Collegamento al catalogo digitale:

ITA: https://www.collezionegalleriaborghese.it/

EN: https://www.collezionegalleriaborghese.it/en
Mass and Environment as Drivers of Galaxy Evolution II: The quenching of satellite galaxies as the origin of environmental effects
Creators: name: Peng, Yingjie
name: Lilly, Simon J.
name: Renzini, Alvio
name: Carollo, Marcella
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extend the phenomenological study of the evolving galaxy population of Peng et al (2010) to the central/satellite dichotomy in Yang et al. SDSS groups. We find that satellite galaxies are responsible for all the environmental effects in our earlier work. The fraction of centrals that are red does not depend on their environment but only on their stellar masses, whereas that of the satellites depends on both. We define a relative satellite quenching efficiency, which is the fraction of blue centrals that are quenched upon becoming the satellite of another galaxy. This is shown to be independent of stellar mass, but to depend strongly on local overdensity. The red fraction of satellites correlate much better with the local overdensity, a measure of location within the group, than with the richness of the group, i.e. dark matter halo mass. This, and the fact that satellite quenching depends on local density and not on either the stellar mass of the galaxy or the halo mass gives clues as to the nature of the satellite-quenching process. We furthermore show that the action of mass-quenching on satellite galaxies is also independent of the DM mass of the parent halo. We then apply the Peng et al (2010) approach to predict the mass functions of central and satellite galaxies, split into passive and active galaxies, and show that these match very well the observed mass functions from SDSS, further strengthening the validity of this phenomenological approach. We highlight the fact that the observed M* is the same for the star-forming centrals and satellites and the observed M* for the star-forming satellites is independent of halo mass above 10^12M\odot, which emphasizes the universality of the mass-quenching process that we identified in Peng et al (2010). Post-quenching merging modifies the mass function of the central galaxies but can increase the mass of typical centrals by only about 25%.
description: This is the revised version accepted for publication in ApJ
Mapping class group and U(1) Chern-Simons theory on closed orientable surfaces
Creators: name: Chen, Si
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: U(1) Chern-Simons theory is quantized canonically on manifolds of the form $M=\mathbb{R}\timesΣ$, where $Σ$ is a closed orientable surface. In particular, we investigate the role of mapping class group of $Σ$ in the process of quantization. We show that, by requiring the quantum states to form representation of the holonomy group and the large gauge transformation group, both of which are deformed by quantum effect, the mapping class group can be consistently represented, provided the Chern-Simons parameter $k$ satisfies an interesting quantization condition. The representations of all the discrete groups are unique, up to an arbitrary sub-representation of the mapping class group. Also, we find a $k\leftrightarrow1/k$ duality of the representations.
description: 17 pages, 3 figures
Shaking the entropy out of a lattice: atomic filtering by vibrational excitations
Creators: name: Tichy, Malte C.
name: Mølmer, Klaus
name: Sherson, Jacob F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a simple and efficient scheme to reduce atom-number fluctuations in optical lattices. The interaction-energy difference for atoms in different vibrational states is used to remove excess atomic occupation. The remaining vacant sites are then filled with atoms by merging adjacent wells, for which we implement a protocol that circumvents the constraints of unitarity. The preparation of large regions with precisely one atom per lattice site is discussed for both bosons and fermions. The resulting low-entropy Mott-insulating states may serve as high-fidelity register states for quantum computing and as a starting point for investigations of many-body physics.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures, version accepted by PRA
Pol5 is required for recycling of small subunit biogenesis factors and for formation of the peptide exit tunnel of the large ribosomal subunit
Creators: name: Braun, Christina M.
name: Hackert, Philipp
name: Schmid, Catharina E.
name: Bohnsack, Markus T.
name: Bohnsack, Katherine E.
name: Perez-Fernandez, Jorge
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 570 Biowissenschaften, Biologie

description: More than 200 assembly factors (AFs) are required for the production of ribosomes in yeast. The stepwise association and dissociation of these AFs with the pre-ribosomal subunits occurs in a hierarchical manner to ensure correct maturation of the pre-rRNAs and assembly of the ribosomal proteins. Although decades of research have provided a wealth of insights into the functions of many AFs, others remain poorly characterized. Pol5 was initially classified with B-type DNA polymerases, however, several lines of evidence indicate the involvement of this protein in ribosome assembly. Here, we show that depletion of Pol5 affects the processing of pre-rRNAs destined for the both the large and small subunits. Furthermore, we identify binding sites for Pol5 in the 5′ external transcribed spacer and within domain III of the 25S rRNA sequence. Consistent with this, we reveal that Pol5 is required for recruitment of ribosomal proteins that form the polypeptide exit tunnel in the LSU and that depletion of Pol5 impairs the release of 5′ ETS fragments from early pre-40S particles. The dual functions of Pol5 in 60S assembly and recycling of pre-40S AFs suggest that this factor could contribute to ensuring the stoichiometric production of ribosomal subunits.
A formula equating open and closed Gromov-Witten invariants and its applications to mirror symmetry
Creators: name: Chan, Kwokwai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53D45, 53D37 (Primary) 14N35, 14M25, 53D12 (Secondary)

description: We prove that open Gromov-Witten invariants for semi-Fano toric manifolds of the form $X=\mathbb{P}(K_Y\oplus\mathcal{O}_Y)$, where $Y$ is a toric Fano manifold, are equal to certain 1-pointed closed Gromov-Witten invariants of $X$. As applications, we compute the mirror superpotentials for these manifolds. In particular, this gives a simple proof for the formula of the mirror superpotential for the Hirzebruch surface $\mathbb{F}_2$.
description: v3: many minor changes, published in Pacific J. Math.; v2: 16 pages. Completely rewritten and improved
SYZ mirror symmetry for toric Calabi-Yau manifolds
Creators: name: Chan, Kwokwai
name: Lau, Siu-Cheong
name: Leung, Naichung Conan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We investigate mirror symmetry for toric Calabi-Yau manifolds from the perspective of the SYZ conjecture. Starting with a non-toric special Lagrangian torus fibration on a toric Calabi-Yau manifold $X$, we construct a complex manifold $\check{X}$ using T-duality modified by quantum corrections. These corrections are encoded by Fourier transforms of generating functions of certain open Gromov-Witten invariants. We conjecture that this complex manifold $\check{X}$, which belongs to the Hori-Iqbal-Vafa mirror family, is inherently written in canonical flat coordinates. In particular, we obtain an enumerative meaning for the (inverse) mirror maps, and this gives a geometric reason for why their Taylor series expansions in terms of the Kähler parameters of $X$ have integral coefficients. Applying the results in \cite{Chan10} and \cite{LLW10}, we compute the open Gromov-Witten invariants in terms of local BPS invariants and give evidences of our conjecture for several 3-dimensional examples including $K_{\proj^2}$ and $K_{\proj^1\times\proj^1}$.
description: v3: final version, published in JDG 90 (2012), no. 2, 177-250. 71 pages, 14 figures; substantially revised and expanded
Personalized stimuli as treatment for resting tremor in Parkinson's disease
Creators: name: Cheung, Marcus Ting Hin
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Resting tremor in Parkinson’s disease (PD) affects quality of life and individuals’ ability to complete activities of daily living. Resting tremor has been shown to respond to transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) when delivered out of phase with the tremor. The present work aimed to further investigate potential tACS-based treatment mechanisms by designing and delivering personalized stimuli and extend our understanding of Parkinsonian resting tremor. Nine participants with tremor dominant PD received fourteen unique tACS stimuli to Primary Motor Cortex (M1) and Supplementary Motor Area (SMA). Effect on tremor was measured before and during stimulation via a 9 degree of freedom (DoF) motion sensor. The first principal component score was obtained from Principal Component Analysis (PCA) of these measures and the power of the data was compared before and during stimulation using a two-sample t-test. Four custom stimuli were designed by weighted linear combination of the data with the greatest effect on tremor; two of which were designed to be suppressive and two were designed to be augmentative towards tremor. Average power was calculated following delivery of the personalized and non-personalized stimuli. Regardless of whether tACS was delivered as a personalized or non-personalized stimuli, results indicate an increased average power during stimulation compared to no stimulation and an overall trend towards augmentation of tremor across participants. Supporting analyses, including Multivariate Empirical Mode Decomposition (MEMD) reinforce this finding, showing no clear trend towards any specific frequencies contributing to tremor suppression. The present results suggest that a broad spectrum frequency-based approach is not an effective means of suppressing tremor in people with PD and a phase-based or more targeted frequency approach may have more promise as a treatment mechanism for resting tremor in PD.
Duality and canonical extensions for stably compact spaces
Creators: name: van Gool, Sam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: General Topology (math.GN)
subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 54H99 (Primary), 03G10 (Secondary), 18A35

description: We construct a canonical extension for strong proximity lattices in order to give an algebraic, point-free description of a finitary duality for stably compact spaces. In this setting not only morphisms, but also objects may have distinct pi- and sigma-extensions.
description: 29 pages, 1 figure
Existence of random gradient states
Creators: name: Cotar, Codina
name: Külske, Christof
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider two versions of random gradient models. In model A the interface feels a bulk term of random fields while in model B the disorder enters through the potential acting on the gradients. It is well known that for gradient models without disorder there are no Gibbs measures in infinite-volume in dimension d=2, while there are "gradient Gibbs measures" describing an infinite-volume distribution for the gradients of the field, as was shown by Funaki and Spohn. Van Enter and Külske proved that adding a disorder term as in model A prohibits the existence of such gradient Gibbs measures for general interaction potentials in $d=2$. In the present paper we prove the existence of shift-covariant gradient Gibbs measures with a given tilt $u\in \mathbb{R}^d$ for model A when $d\geq3$ and the disorder has mean zero, and for model B when $d\geq1$. When the disorder has nonzero mean in model A, there are no shift-covariant gradient Gibbs measures for $d\ge3$. We also prove similar results of existence/nonexistence of the surface tension for the two models and give the characteristic properties of the respective surface tensions.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/11-AAP808 the Annals of Applied Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aap/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Compensation of B-L charge of matter with relic sneutrinos
Creators: name: Kara, S. O.
name: Turkoz, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider massless gauge boson connected to B-L charge with and without compensation to complete the investigation of the gauging of B and L charges. Relic sneutrinos predicted by SUSY and composite models may compensate B-L charge of matter. As a consequence of the possible compensation mechanism we have shown that the available experimental data admit the range of the B-L interaction constant, 10^{-29} < α_{B-L} < 10^{-12}, in addition to α_{B-L} < 10^{-49} obtained without compensation.
description: 6 pages
Therapeutic options for peritoneal metastasis arising from colorectal cancer
Creators: name: Glockzin, Gabriel
name: Schlitt, Hans J.
name: Piso, Pompiliu
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Peritoneal metastasis, Colorectal cancer, Systemic chemotherapy, Intraperitoneal chemotherapy, Cytoreductive surgery
subject: 610 Medizin

description: Peritoneal metastasis is a common sign of advanced tumor stage, tumor progression or tumor recurrence in patients with colorectal cancer. Due to the improvement of systemic chemotherapy, the development of targeted therapy and the introduction of additive treatment options such as cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC), the therapeutic approach to peritoneal metastatic colorectal cancer (pmCRC) has changed over recent decades, and patient survival has improved. Moreover, in contrast to palliative systemic chemotherapy or best supportive care, the inclusion of CRS and HIPEC as inherent components of a multidisciplinary treatment regimen provides a therapeutic approach with curative intent. Although CRS and HIPEC are increasingly accepted as the standard of care for selected patients and have become part of numerous national and international guidelines, the individual role, optimal timing and ideal sequence of the different systemic, local and surgical treatment options remains a matter of debate. Ongoing and future randomized controlled clinical trials may help clarify the impact of the different components, allow for further improvement of patient selection and support the standardization of oncologic treatment regimens for pmCRC. The addition of further therapeutic options such as neoadjuvant intraperitoneal chemotherapy or pressurized intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy, should be investigated to optimize therapeutic regimens and further improve the oncological outcome.
description: Open Access-Komponente aus einer Allianzlizenz
Correlative study on impaired prostaglandin E2 regulation in EAT and maladaptive cardiac remodeling via EPAC2 and ST2 signaling in overweight CVD subjects
Creators: name: Vianello, E.
name: Dozio, E.
name: Bandera, F.
name: Froldi, M.
name: Micaglio, E.
name: Lamont, J.
name: Tacchini, L.
name: Schmitz, Gerd
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: epicardial adipose tissue (EAT); prostaglandin E2 (PGE2); EP3 receptor; EP4 receptor; exchange protein directly activated by cAMP isoform 2 (EPAC2); stimulating growth factor 2 (ST2); interleukin(IL)-33; Cardiovascular Diseases (CVDs); fat mass
subject: 610 Medizin

description: There is recent evidence that the dysfunctional responses of a peculiar visceral fat deposit known as epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) can directly promote cardiac enlargement in the case of obesity. Here, we observed a newer molecular pattern associated with LV dysfunction mediated by prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) deregulation in EAT in a cardiovascular disease (CVD) population. A series of 33 overweight CVD males were enrolled and their EAT thickness, LV mass, and volumes were measured by echocardiography. Blood, plasma, EAT, and SAT biopsies were collected for molecular and proteomic assays. Our data show that PGE2 biosynthetic enzyme (PTGES-2) correlates with echocardiographic parameters of LV enlargement: LV diameters, LV end diastolic volume, and LV masses. Moreover, PTGES-2 is directly associated with EPAC2 gene (r = 0.70, p < 0.0001), known as a molecular inducer of ST2/IL-33 mediators involved in maladaptive heart remodelling. Furthermore, PGE2 receptor 3 (PTEGER3) results are downregulated and its expression is inversely associated with ST2/IL-33 expression. Contrarily, PGE2 receptor 4 (PTGER4) is upregulated in EAT and directly correlates with ST2 molecular expression. Our data suggest that excessive body fatness can shift the EAT transcriptome to a pro-tissue remodelling profile, may be driven by PGE2 deregulation, with consequent promotion of EPAC2 and ST2 signalling.
Complex matrix model duality
Creators: name: Brown, T. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The same complex matrix model calculates both tachyon scattering for the c=1 non-critical string at the self-dual radius and certain correlation functions of half-BPS operators in N=4 super-Yang-Mills. It is dual to another complex matrix model where the couplings of the first model are encoded in the Kontsevich-like variables of the second. The duality between the theories is mirrored by the duality of their Feynman diagrams. Analogously to the Hermitian Kontsevich-Penner model, the correlation functions of the second model can be written as sums over discrete points in subspaces of the moduli space of punctured Riemann surfaces.
description: 35 pages, 9 figures; minor clarifications and typos fixed
Combinatorial Calabi flow for ideal circle pattern
Creators: name: Li, Shengyu
name: Wang, Zhigang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 52C26

description: We study the combinatorial Calabi flow for ideal circle patterns in both hyperbolic and Euclidean background geometry. We prove that the flow exists for all time and converges exponentially fast to an ideal circle pattern metric on surfaces with prescribed attainable curvatures. As a consequence, we provide an algorithm to find the desired ideal circle patterns.
description: 14 pages,2 figures
Recovering Epipolar Geometry from Images of Smooth Surfaces
Creators: name: Kupervasser, Oleg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: E.5; E.4; E.2; H.1.1; F.1.1; F.1.3
subject: 68T45

description: We present four methods for recovering the epipolar geometry from images of smooth surfaces. In the existing methods for recovering epipolar geometry corresponding feature points are used that cannot be found in such images. The first method is based on finding corresponding characteristic points created by illumination (ICPM - illumination characteristic points' method (PM)). The second method is based on correspondent tangency points created by tangents from epipoles to outline of smooth bodies (OTPM - outline tangent PM). These two methods are exact and give correct results for real images, because positions of the corresponding illumination characteristic points and corresponding outline are known with small errors. But the second method is limited either to special type of scenes or to restricted camera motion. We also consider two more methods which are termed CCPM (curve characteristic PM) and CTPM (curve tangent PM), for searching epipolar geometry for images of smooth bodies based on a set of level curves with constant illumination intensity. The CCPM method is based on searching correspondent points on isophoto curves with the help of correlation of curvatures between these lines. The CTPM method is based on property of the tangential to isophoto curve epipolar line to map into the tangential to correspondent isophoto curves epipolar line. The standard method (SM) based on knowledge of pairs of the almost exact correspondent points. The methods have been implemented and tested by SM on pairs of real images. Unfortunately, the last two methods give us only a finite subset of solutions including "good" solution. Exception is "epipoles in infinity". The main reason is inaccuracy of assumption of constant brightness for smooth bodies. But outline and illumination characteristic points are not influenced by this inaccuracy. So, the first pair of methods gives exact results.
description: accepted to "Pattern Recognition and Image Analysis" for publishing in 2013, 33 pages, 19 figures
Rank properties of exposed positive maps
Creators: name: Marciniak, Marcin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 47H07, 46L05

description: Let $\cK$ and $\cH$ be finite dimensional Hilbert spaces and let $\fP$ denote the cone of all positive linear maps acting from $\fB(\cK)$ into $\fB(\cH)$. We show that each map of the form $ϕ(X)=AXA^*$ or $ϕ(X)=AX^TA^*$ is an exposed point of $\fP$. We also show that if a map $ϕ$ is an exposed point of $\fP$ then either $ϕ$ is rank 1 non-increasing or $\rankϕ(P)>1$ for any one-dimensional projection $P\in\fB(\cK)$.
description: 6 pages, last section removed - it will be a part of another paper
Preliminary Report: Sleep Duration During Late Pregnancy Predicts Postpartum Emotional Responses among Parents at Risk for Postpartum Depression
Creators: name: Saletin, Jared M
name: Mason, Gina M
name: Sharkey, Katherine M
name: Obeysekare, Jessica
name: Cohen, Zachary L
Publisher: name: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Year: 2024

description: Introduction Sleep loss is common during the perinatal period; however, few studies have assessed potential consequences of insufficient sleep for postnatal emotional responding, a key contributor to parenting behaviors with implications for parent-infant bonding and mental health. To generate hypotheses for future work assessing perinatal sleep and emotion-related outcomes, this pilot study explored whether prenatal sleep duration predicted postnatal emotional responding in a sample at risk for postpartum depression.   Methods Participants were 9 birthing parents with a prior mood disorder who were not in a current episode at enrollment. We estimated sleep with actigraphy collected for one week at 33 weeks’ gestation and at 2 and 6 weeks postpartum. Following each week, participants completed an emotional evaluation task, rating the valence and arousal of standardized images from the International Affective Picture System (IAPS). We tested whether average prenatal (33 weeks) nighttime sleep duration predicted concurrent and future responsiveness to emotional images, quantified by participants’ reaction times and arousal/valence ratings.   Results Shorter prenatal sleep duration predicted faster reaction times, both concurrently and at 2 weeks postpartum (ps≤.05), as well as lower arousal ratings for negative images at 2 and 6 weeks postpartum (ps≤.043).   Conclusions In this small sample of birthing parents at risk for postpartum depression, shorter prenatal sleep duration predicted faster reactions to emotional stimuli and blunted arousal responses to negative images. Although preliminary, these findings justify further study of the role of prenatal sleep in postpartum emotional responses and how these factors may impact parent-infant outcomes.
SSCS Open Journal Webinar: A Full-Stack View of Probabilistic Computing With p-Bits: Devices, Architectures, and Algorithms Slides
Creators: Kerem Camsari & Shuvro Chowdhury
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2024

Webinar Slides
Abstract: The transistor celebrated its 75th birthday in 2022. The continued scaling of the transistor defined by Moore�s Law continues, albeit at a slower pace. Meanwhile, computing demands and energy consumption required by modern artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms have skyrocketed. As an alternative to scaling transistors for general-purpose computing, the integration of transistors with unconventional technologies has emerged as a promising path for domain-specific computing. In this article, we provide a full-stack review of probabilistic computing with p-bits as a representative example of the energy-efficient and domain-specific computing movement. We argue that p-bits could be used to build energy-efficient probabilistic systems, tailored for probabilistic algorithms and applications. From hardware, architecture, and algorithmic perspectives, we outline the main applications of probabilistic computers ranging from probabilistic machine learning and AI to combinatorial optimization and quantum simulation. Combining emerging nanodevices with the existing CMOS ecosystem will lead to probabilistic computers with orders of magnitude improvements in energy efficiency and probabilistic sampling, potentially unlocking previously unexplored regimes for powerful probabilistic algorithms.
Supramolecular Phase-Selective Gelation by Peptides Bearing Side-Chain Azobenzenes: Effect of Ultrasound and Potential for Dye Removal and Oil Spill Remediation
Creators: name: Bachl, Jürgen
name: Oehm, Stefan
name: Mayr, Judith
name: Díaz Díaz, David
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: peptide; azobenzene; side-chain functionalization; organogel; phase-selective gelation; dye removal; oil spill
subject: 540 Chemie

description: Phase selective gelation (PSG) of organic phases from their non-miscible mixtures with water was achieved using tetrapeptides bearing a side-chain azobenzene moiety. The presence of the chromophore allowed PSG at the same concentration as the minimum gelation concentration (MGC) necessary to obtain the gels in pure organic phases. Remarkably, the presence of the water phase during PSG did not impact the thermal, mechanical, and morphological properties of the corresponding organogels. In the case of miscible oil/water mixtures, the entire mixture was gelled, resulting in the formation of quasi-hydrogels. Importantly, PSG could be triggered at room temperature by ultrasound treatment of the mixture or by adding ultrasound-aided concentrated solution of the peptide in an oil-phase to a mixture of the same oil and water. Moreover, the PSG was not affected by the presence of salts or impurities existing in water from natural sources. The process could be scaled-up, and the oil phases (e.g., aromatic solvents, gasoline, diesel fuel) recovered almost quantitatively after a simple distillation process, which also allowed the recovery and reuse of the gelator. Finally, these peptidic gelators could be used to quantitatively remove toxic dyes from aqueous solutions.
Non-linear QCD dynamics in two-photon interactions at high energies
Creators: name: Goncalves, V. P.
name: Kugeratski, M. S.
name: Cazaroto, E. R.
name: Carvalho, F.
name: Navarra, F. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Perturbative QCD predicts that the growth of the gluon density at high energies should saturate, forming a Color Glass Condensate (CGC), which is described in mean field approximation by the Balitsky-Kovchegov (BK) equation. In this paper we study the $γγ$ interactions at high energies and estimate the main observables which will be probed at future linear colliders using the color dipole picture. We discuss in detail the dipole - dipole cross section and propose a new relation between this quantity and the dipole scattering amplitude. The total $γγ$, $γ^{*} γ^{*}$ cross-sections and the real photon structure function $F_2^γ(x,Q^2)$ are calculated using the recent solution of the BK equation with running coupling constant and the predictions are compared with those obtained using phenomenological models for the dipole-dipole cross section and scattering amplitude. We demonstrate that these models are able to describe the LEP data at high energies, but predict a very different behavior for the observables at higher energies. Therefore we conclude that the study of $γγ$ interactions can be useful to constrain the QCD dynamics.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures. Version to be published in European Physical Journal C
Hanbury Brown and Twiss correlations across the Bose-Einstein condensation threshold
Creators: name: Perrin, Aurélien
name: Bücker, Robert
name: manz, Stephanie
name: Betz, Thomas
name: Koller, Christian
name: Plisson, Thomas
name: Schumm, Thorsten
name: Schmiedmayer, Jörg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hanbury Brown and Twiss (HBT) correlations, i.e. correlations in far-field intensity fluctuations, yield fundamental information on the quantum statistics of light sources, as highlighted after the discovery of photon bunching. Drawing on the analogy between photons and atoms, similar measurements have been performed for matter-wave sources, probing density fluctuations of expanding ultracold Bose gases. Here we use two-point density correlations to study how coherence is gradually established when crossing the Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) threshold. Our experiments reveal a persistent multimode character of the emerging matter-wave as seen in the non-trivial spatial shape of the correlation functions for all probed source geometries from nearly isotropic to quasi-one-dimensional (quasi-1D), and for all probed temperatures. The qualitative features of our observations are captured by ideal Bose gas theory, the quantitative differences illustrate the role of particle interactions.
Pazopanib, Cabozantinib, and Vandetanib in the Treatment of Progressive Medullary Thyroid Cancer with a Special Focus on the Adverse Effects on Hypertension
Creators: name: Milling, Rikke Vilsbøll
name: Grimm, Daniela
name: Krüger, Marcus
name: Grosse, Jirka
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: medullary thyroid carcinoma; hypertension; VEGF; antiangiogenesis; tyrosine kinase inhibitors
subject: 610 Medizin

description: Medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) is a rare malignancy with a poor prognosis. First line therapy is surgery, which is the only curative method of the disease. However, in non-operable cases or with tumor progression and metastases, a systemic treatment is necessary. This form of cancer is often insensitive to conventional chemotherapy, but the use of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), such as pazopanib, cabozantinib, and vandetanib, has shown promising results with an increase in progression-free survival and prolonged lifetime. Therefore, we focused on the pharmacological characteristics of TKIs, their mechanism of action, their application as a secondary treatment option for MTC, their efficacy as a cancer drug treatment, and reviewed the ongoing clinical trials. TKIs also act systemically causing various adverse events (AEs). One common AE of this treatment is hypertension, known to be associated with cardiovascular disease and can therefore potentially worsen the well-being of the treated patients. The available treatment strategies of drug-induced hypertension were discussed. The mechanism behind the development of hypertension is still unclear. Therefore, the treatment of this AE remains symptomatic. Thus, future studies are necessary to investigate the link between tumor growth inhibition and hypertension. In addition, optimized, individual treatment strategies should be implemented.
Direct Measurement of Turbulent Shear
Creators: name: Stefanus, Stefanus
name: Steers, Stanley
name: Goldburg, Walter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A photon correlation method is introduced for measuring components of the shear rate tensor in a turbulent soap film. This new scheme, which is also applicable to three-dimensional flows, is shown to give the same results as Laser Doppler velocimetry, but with less statistical noise. The technique yields the mean shear rate s, its standard deviation, and a simple mathematical transform of the probability density function P(s) of the shear rate itself.
Overexpression of Hepatocyte Chemerin-156 Lowers Tumor Burden in a Murine Model of Diethylnitrosamine-Induced Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Creators: name: Haberl, Elisabeth M.
name: Pohl, Rebekka
name: Rein-Fischboeck, Lisa
name: Feder, Susanne
name: Bruckmann, Astrid
name: Hoering, Marcus
name: Krautbauer, Sabrina
name: Liebisch, Gerhard
name: Buechler, Christa
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Triglycerides; chemokine-like receptor 1; chemerin activity; liver; adenoassociated virus
subject: 610 Medizin

description: The tumor inhibitory potential of the highly active chemerin-156 isoform was described in orthotopic models of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The majority of HCC arises in the fibrotic liver, which was not reproduced in these studies. Here, a potential therapeutic activity of chemerin-156 was evaluated in diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-induced liver cancer, which mimics fibrosis-associated HCC. Mice were infected with adeno-associated virus (AAV) six months after DEN injection to overexpress chemerin-156 in the liver, and animals injected with non-recombinant-AAV served as controls. Three months later, the animals were killed. Both groups were comparable with regard to liver steatosis and fibrosis. Of note, the number of very small tumors was reduced by chemerin-156. Anyhow, the expression of inflammatory and profibrotic genes was similar in larger tumors of control and chemerin-156-AAV-infected animals. Although genes with a role in lipid metabolism, like 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzym-A--reductase, were overexpressed in tumors of animals with high chemerin-156, total hepatic cholesterol, diacylglycerol and triglyceride levels, and distribution of individual lipid species were normal. Chemerin-156-AAV-infected mice had elevated hepatic and systemic chemerin. Ex vivo activation of the chemerin receptor chemokine-like receptor 1 increased in parallel with serum chemerin, illustrating the biological activity of the recombinant protein. In the tumors, chemerin-155 was the most abundant variant. Chemerin-156 was not detected in tumors of the controls and was hardly found in chemerin-156-AAV infected animals. In conclusion, the present study showed that chemerin-156 overexpression caused a decline in the number of small lesions but did not prevent the growth of pre-existing neoplasms.
Out-of-plane Edelstein effects: Electric-field induced magnetization in $p$-wave magnets
Creators: name: Ezawa, Motohiko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In-plane magnetization is induced by the Edelstein effect in the Rashba spin-orbit interaction system. However, out-of-plane magnetization is more useful for switching a ferromagnetic memory. We study analytically and numerically electric-field induced magnetization in $p$-wave magnets with the aid of the Rashba interaction based on a simple two-band model. The out-of-plane magnetization is induced when the Néel vector of the $p$-wave magnet is along the $z$ direction. We also show that no magnetization is induced in the absence of the Rashba interaction. The electric-field induced magnetization will be useful for future switching technology of ferromagnetic memories based on the $p$-wave magnet.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
Optimal Portfolio Liquidation with Limit Orders
Creators: name: Guéant, Olivier
name: Lehalle, Charles-Albert
name: Tapia, Joaquin Fernandez
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Trading and Market Microstructure (q-fin.TR)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper addresses the optimal scheduling of the liquidation of a portfolio using a new angle. Instead of focusing only on the scheduling aspect like Almgren and Chriss, or only on the liquidity-consuming orders like Obizhaeva and Wang, we link the optimal trade-schedule to the price of the limit orders that have to be sent to the limit order book to optimally liquidate a portfolio. Most practitioners address these two issues separately: they compute an optimal trading curve and they then send orders to the markets to try to follow it. The results obtained here solve simultaneously the two problems. As in a previous paper that solved the "intra-day market making problem", the interactions of limit orders with the market are modeled via a Poisson process pegged to a diffusive "fair price" and a Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equation is used to solve the problem involving both non-execution risk and price risk. Backtests are carried out to exemplify the use of our results, both on long periods of time (for the entire liquidation process) and on slices of 5 minutes (to follow a given trading curve).
description: Submitted, in revision