cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Enseignement et apprentissage à distance. Pistes de développement pour une culture numérique au Luxembourg
Creators: name: Baumann, Isabell
name: Harion, Dominic
Publisher: name: Luxembourg Centre for Educational Testing (LUCET) & Service de Coordination de la Recherche et de l’Innovation pédagogiques et technologiques (SCRIPT)
Year: 2021

description: Rapport national sur l’éducation Luxembourg 2021
Very High Energy $γ$-ray and Near Infrared observations of 1ES2344+514 during 2004-05
Creators: name: Godambe, S. V.
name: Rannot, R. C.
name: Baliyan, K. S.
name: Tickoo, A. K.
name: Thoudam, S.
name: Dhar, V. K.
name: Chandra, P.
name: Yadav, K. K.
name: Venugopal, K.
name: Bhatt, N.
name: Bhattacharyya, S.
name: Chanchalani, K.
name: Ganesh, S.
name: Goyal, H. C.
name: Joshi, U. C.
name: Kaul, R. K.
name: Kothari, M.
name: Kotwal, S.
name: Koul, M. K.
name: Koul, R.
name: Sahaynathan, S.
name: Shah, C.
name: Sharma, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have observed the BL Lac object 1ES2344+514 (z = 0.044) in Very High Energy (VHE) gamma-ray and near-infrared wavelength bands with TACTIC and MIRO telescopes respectively. The observations were made from 18th October to 9th December 2004 and 27th October 2005 to 1st January 2006. Detailed analysis of the TACTIC data indicates absence of a statistically significant gamma-ray signal both in overall data and on a nightly basis from the source direction. We estimate an upper limit of I($\geq$1.5 TeV)$\leq 3.84 \times 10^{-12}$ photons cm$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$ at a 3$σ$ confidence level on the integrated $γ$-ray flux. In addition, we have also compared TACTIC TeV light curves with those of the RXTE ASM (2-12keV) for the contemporary period and find that there are no statistically significant increases in the signal strengths from the source in both these energy regions. During 2004 IR observations, 1ES2344+514 shows low level (~0.06 magnitude) day-to-day variation in both, J & H bands. However, during 2005 observation epoch, the source brightens up by about 0.41 magnitude from its October 2005 level J magnitude= 12.64 to J = 12.23 on December 6, 2005. It then fades by about 0.2 magnitude during 6 to 10 December, 2005. The variation is seen in both, J & H, bands simultaneously. The light travel time arguments suggest that the emission region size is of the order of $10^{17}$ cms.
description: 15 pages, 6 figures, 4 tables, accepted for publication in Journal of Physics G
On Correlated Random Walks and 21-cm Fluctuations During Cosmic Reionization
Creators: name: Barkana, Rennan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Analytical approaches to galaxy formation and reionization are based on the mathematical problem of random walks with barriers. The statistics of a single random walk can be used to calculate one-point distributions ranging from the mass function of virialized halos to the distribution of ionized bubble sizes during reionization. However, an analytical calculation of two-point correlation functions or of spatially-dependent feedback processes requires the joint statistics of random walks at two different points. An accurate analytical expression for the statistics of two correlated random walks has been previously found only for the case of a constant barrier height. However, calculating bubble sizes or accurate statistics for halo formation involves more general barriers that can often be approximated as linear barriers. We generalize the two-point solution with constant barriers to linear barriers, and apply it as an illustration to calculate the correlation function of cosmological 21-cm fluctuations during reionization.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures, published in MNRAS
title: Empirics of Piano Tuning
Creators: name: Klouche, Timour
Publisher: name: Open-Science-Repositorium der Stiftung Preußischer Kulturbesitz (SPK)
Year: 2024
Subjects: Klavierstimmung
Stimmung
Mikroton

description: Im Kontext von »Mikrotonalität unter empirischen Gesichtspunkten« wurde in diesem Beitrag untersucht, wie exakt die Stimmung eines Konzertflügels ist. Dazu wurden in einer Messreihe 28 Stimmvorgänge professioneller Klavierstimmer analysiert und statistisch ausgewertet. Die gewonnenen Erkenntnisse haben nicht nur fachwissenschaftliche Relevanz, sondern berühren auch Aspekte der kompositorischen Praxis, der Musiktheorie und des Instrumentenbaus.
Sharp bounds on 2m/r for static spherical objects
Creators: name: Karageorgis, Paschalis
name: Stalker, John G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Sharp bounds are obtained, under a variety of assumptions on the eigenvalues of the Einstein tensor, for the ratio of the Hawking mass to the areal radius in static, spherically symmetric space-times.
description: We changed a footnote in which an earlier result of H\aa{}kan Andr\'{e}asson was not described correctly
Mutual information in random Boolean models of regulatory networks
Creators: name: Ribeiro, Andre S.
name: Kauffman, Stuart A.
name: Lloyd-Price, Jason
name: Samuelsson, Björn
name: Socolar, Joshua E. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Other Quantitative Biology (q-bio.OT)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The amount of mutual information contained in time series of two elements gives a measure of how well their activities are coordinated. In a large, complex network of interacting elements, such as a genetic regulatory network within a cell, the average of the mutual information over all pairs  is a global measure of how well the system can coordinate its internal dynamics. We study this average pairwise mutual information in random Boolean networks (RBNs) as a function of the distribution of Boolean rules implemented at each element, assuming that the links in the network are randomly placed. Efficient numerical methods for calculating  show that as the number of network nodes N approaches infinity, the quantity N exhibits a discontinuity at parameter values corresponding to critical RBNs. For finite systems it peaks near the critical value, but slightly in the disordered regime for typical parameter variations. The source of high values of N is the indirect correlations between pairs of elements from different long chains with a common starting point. The contribution from pairs that are directly linked approaches zero for critical networks and peaks deep in the disordered regime.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures; Minor revisions for clarity and figure format, one reference added
Dependence of the amplitude of gravitational waves from preheating on the inflationary energy scale
Creators: name: Cai, Rong-Gen
name: Guo, Zong-Kuan
name: Ding, Pei-Ze
name: Fu, Cheng-Jie
name: Liu, Jing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Stochastic gravitational wave backgrounds (SGWBs) receive increasing attention and provide a new possibility to directly probe the early Universe. In the preheating process at the end of inflation, parametric resonance can generate large energy density perturbations and efficiently produce gravitational waves (GWs) which carry unique information about inflation. Since the peak frequency of such GWs is approximately proportional to the inflationary energy scale, $Λ_{\mathrm{inf}}$, GWs from preheating are expected to be observed by interferometer GW detectors in low-scale inflationary models. We investigate the dependence of the amplitude of such GWs on $Λ_{\mathrm{inf}}$, and find that the present energy spectrum of these GWs does not depend on $Λ_{\mathrm{inf}}$ only in the case of $Λ_{\mathrm{inf}}$ is above a critical value $Λ_{c}$, a parameter depending on the resonance strength. We numerically obtain $Λ_{c}$ in terms of the model parameters in linear approximation and then conduct lattice simulations to verify this result. For $Λ_{\mathrm{inf}}\lesssimΛ_{c}$, the amplitude of GWs quickly decreases with $Λ_{\mathrm{inf}}$ and becomes challenging to observe. In turn, observing such GWs in interferometer detectors also helps to determine $Λ_{\mathrm{inf}}$ and the resonance strength during the preheating.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures
Non-monotonic zero point entropy in diluted spin ice
Creators: name: Ke, X.
name: Freitas, R. S.
name: Ueland, B. G.
name: Lau, G. C.
name: Dahlberg, M. L.
name: Cava, R. J.
name: Moessner, R.
name: Schiffer, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Water ice and spin ice are important model systems in which theory can directly account for zero point entropy associated with quenched configurational disorder. Spin ice differs from water ice in the important respect that its fundamental constituents, the spins of the magnetic ions, can be removed through replacement with non-magnetic ions while keeping the lattice structure intact. In order to investigate the interplay of frustrated interactions and quenched disorder, we have performed systematic heat capacity measurements on spin ice materials which have been thus diluted up to 90%. Investigations of both Ho and Dy spin ices reveal that the zero point entropy depends non-monotonically on dilution and approaches the value of Rln2 in the limit of high dilution. The data are in good agreement with a generalization of Pauling's theory for the entropy of ice.
description: Accepted to be published in Phys. Rev. Lett
title: Dancing Coin
title: Investigation of temperature-dependent pressure dynamics in a temporarily open system
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Tschan, David Immanuel
Publisher: name: Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB)
Year: 2021
Subjects: Bottle
Coin
Temperature
Pressure
IYPT 2019
Dancing
Movement
Model
Discrete
Heating-up

description: Junge Wissenschaft. Paper 01/2021
description: Einleitung: This article is on International Young Physicist’s Tournament (IYPT)-problem three, Dancing Coin, of 2018. A coin is put on a strongly cooled bottle and after a period of time, movements of the coin and a sound can be observed. A theoretical model is developed to explain these occurrences by simplifying the heat flow into the system. The sound, on the other hand, is modelled as an open-end resonance phenomenon of the bottle with natural coin frequencies being damped by the tightening water.
description: In der Jungen Wissenschaft werden Forschungsarbeiten von Schüler/innen, die selbstständig, z.B. in einer Schule oder einem Schülerforschungszentrum, durchgeführt wurden, veröffentlicht.
Dijet correlations at RHIC, leading-order $k_t$-factorization approach versus next-to-leading order collinear approach
Creators: name: Szczurek, Antoni
name: Rybarska, Anna
name: Slipek, Gabriela
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compare results of $k_t$-factorization approach and next-to-leading order collinear-factorization approach for dijet correlations in proton-proton collisions at RHIC energies. We discuss correlations in azimuthal angle as well as correlations in two-dimensional space of transverse momenta of two jets. Some $k_t$-factorization subprocesses are included for the first time in the literature. Different unintegrated gluon/parton distributions are used in the $k_t$-factorization approach. The results depend on UGDF/UPDF used. For collinear NLO case the situation depends significantly on whether we consider correlations of any two jets or correlations of leading jets only. In the first case the $2 \to 2$ contributions associated with soft radiations summed up in the $k_t$-factorization approach dominate at $ϕ\sim π$ and at equal moduli of jet transverse momenta. The collinear NLO $2 \to 3$ contributions dominate over $k_t$-factorization cross section at small relative azimuthal angles as well as for asymmetric transverse momentum configurations. In the second case the NLO contributions vanish at small relative azimuthal angles and/or large jet transverse-momentum disbalance due to simple kinematical constraints. There are no such limitations for the $k_t$-factorization approach. All this makes the two approaches rather complementary. The role of several cuts is discussed and quantified.
description: 26 pages, 17 figures
title: Développement d’un programme d’entraînement de la compétence en résolution de problèmes complexes chez les jeunes
Creators: name: Nicolay, Björn
name: Krieger, Florian
name: Salzig, Mandy
name: Greiff, Samuel
Publisher: name: Luxembourg Centre for Educational Testing (LUCET) & Service de Coordination de la Recherche et de l’Innovation pédagogiques et technologiques (SCRIPT)
Year: 2021

description: Rapport national sur l’éducation Luxembourg 2021
Molecular production at a wide Feshbach resonance in Fermi-gas of cooled atoms
Creators: name: Sun, Deqiang
name: Abanov, Ar.
name: Pokrovsky, V. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The problem of molecular production from degenerate gas of fermions at a wide Feshbach resonance, in a single-mode approximation, is reduced to the linear Landau-Zener problem for operators. The strong interaction leads to significant renormalization of the gap between adiabatic levels. In contrast to static problem the close vicinity of exact resonance does not play substantial role. Two main physical results of our theory is the high sensitivity of molecular production to the initial value of magnetic field and generation of a large BCS condensate distributed over a broad range of momenta in inverse process of the molecule dissociation.
description: 4 pages, no figures
title: Magische Flugbahn
title: Physikalische Untersuchungen eines Doppelbechers
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Hillebrandt, Simon
Publisher: name: Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB)
Year: 2021
Subjects: Magnuskraft
Reibungskraft
Flugbahn
Langzeitbelichtungsaufnahme
Looping
Winkelgeschwindigkeit
Simulation
Euler-Verfahren
Winglets

description: Junge Wissenschaft. Paper 04/2020
description: Um zwei am Boden zusammengeklebte Becher wird ein Gummiband gewickelt. Damit ist es möglich, den Doppelbecher nach vorne abzuschießen. Die Flugbahn, die sich dabei ergibt, weicht von der üblichen Wurfparabel ab. Ursache hierfür ist der Magnuseffekt. Mit Hilfe einer Videoanalyse und einer Computersimulation wurde die Flugbahn praktisch und theoretisch analysiert.
description: In der Jungen Wissenschaft werden Forschungsarbeiten von Schüler/innen, die selbstständig, z.B. in einer Schule oder einem Schülerforschungszentrum, durchgeführt wurden, veröffentlicht.
Efficient Analytical Derivatives of Rigid-Body Dynamics using Spatial Vector Algebra
Creators: name: Singh, Shubham
name: Russell, Ryan P.
name: Wensing, Patrick M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: An essential need for many model-based robot control algorithms is the ability to quickly and accurately compute partial derivatives of the equations of motion. State of the art approaches to this problem often use analytical methods based on the chain rule applied to existing dynamics algorithms. Although these methods are an improvement over finite differences in terms of accuracy, they are not always the most efficient. In this paper, we contribute new closed-form expressions for the first-order partial derivatives of inverse dynamics, leading to a recursive algorithm. The algorithm is benchmarked against chain-rule approaches in Fortran and against an existing algorithm from the Pinocchio library in C++. Tests consider computing the partial derivatives of inverse and forward dynamics for robots ranging from kinematic chains to humanoids and quadrupeds. Compared to the previous open-source Pinocchio implementation, our new analytical results uncover a key computational restructuring that enables efficiency gains. Speedups of up to 1.4x are reported for calculating the partial derivatives of inverse dynamics for the 50-dof Talos humanoid.
Issues in parsing MWEs in an LFG/XLE framework
Creators: name: Markantonatou, Stella
name: Samaridi, Niki
name: Minos, Panagiotis
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: We present an LFG/XLE system coupled with an independent lexicographic environment for encoding and parsing Modern Greek MWEs. The system assigns a flat structure to the fixed sequences of words within MWEs, the so-called ``words with spaces" (WWSs) with the help of a preprocessing module that receives the morphologically analysed string from a tagger external to XLE. We describe the overall system and discuss certain implications of the designing choices.
title: Étudiant(e)s au Luxembourg
Creators: name: Gewinner, Irina
name: Haas, Christina
name: Hadjar, Andreas
Publisher: name: Luxembourg Centre for Educational Testing (LUCET) & Service de Coordination de la Recherche et de l’Innovation pédagogiques et technologiques (SCRIPT)
Year: 2021

description: Rapport national sur l’éducation Luxembourg 2021
Physical interpretation of Newman-Janis rotating systems. I. A unique family of Kerr-Schild systems
Creators: name: Beltracchi, Philip
name: Gondolo, Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Newman-Janis algorithm and its generalizations can be used mathematically to generate rotating solutions from nonrotating spherically-symmetric solutions within general relativity. The energy-momentum tensors of these solutions may or may not represent the same physical system, in the sense of both being a perfect fluid, or an electromagnetic field, or a $Λ$-term, and so on. In a series of two papers, we compare the structure of the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the rotating and nonrotating energy-momentum tensors (their Segre types) and look for the existence of equations of state relating the energy density and the principal pressures. Part I covers Kerr-Schild systems, Part II more general systems. We find that there is a unique family of stationary axisymmetric Kerr-Schild systems that obey the same equation of state in both the rotating and nonrotating configurations. This family includes the Kerr and Kerr-Newman black holes, as well as rotating spacetimes whose mass function in the nonrotating limit contains a constrained superposition of a cloud of strings term, a Reissner-Nordstrom term, a cosmological constant term, and a Schwarzschild term. We describe the common equation of state relating energy density and pressure in this family of spacetimes and discuss some of its properties.
description: Replaced with updated version, published at Phys. Rev. D 104, 124066 (2021)
High statistics measurement of the cross sections of gamma gamma -> pi^+ pi^- production
Creators: name: Mori, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on a high statistics measurement of the total and differential cross sections of the process gamma gamma -> pi^+ pi^- in the pi^+ pi^- invariant mass range 0.8 GeV/c^2 < W < 1.5 GeV/c^2 with 85.9 fb^{-1} of data collected at sqrt{s}=10.58 GeV and 10.52 GeV with the Belle detector. A clear signal of the f_0(980) resonance is observed in addition to the f_2(1270) resonance. An improved 90% confidence level upper limit Br.(eta'(958) -> pi^+ pi^-) < 2.9 x 10^{-3} is obtained for P- and CP-violating decay of the eta'(958) meson using the most conservative assumption about the interference with the background.
description: 20pages, 11 fig
title: Die Gummi-Streckbank
title: Entwicklung, Bau und Test einer Materialprüfanlage für Saalfluggummis
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Dormann, Noah
Publisher: name: Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB)
Year: 2021
Subjects: Saalflug
Modellflug
Elastomere
Materialprüfanlage
Drehmomentmessung
Kraftmessung
Gummiantrieb
Gummimotor
Knotenbildung

description: Junge Wissenschaft. Paper 05/2020
description: Seit über 100 Jahren gibt es den gummigetriebenen Freiflug. Dabei wird ein von einem Gummi angetriebenes Ultraleichtflugmodell in einer Halle geflogen. Um den verwendeten Spezialgummi (Saalfluggummi) genauer untersuchen zu können, wurde eine Materialprüfanlage gebaut. Durch automatisierte Abläufe konnten ausführliche Testreihen durchgeführt und so eine geschickte Auswahl geeigneter Gummis getroffen werden.
description: In der Jungen Wissenschaft werden Forschungsarbeiten von Schüler/innen, die selbstständig, z.B. in einer Schule oder einem Schülerforschungszentrum, durchgeführt wurden, veröffentlicht.
MOESM10 of Potential therapeutic effects of cyanidin-3-O-glucoside on rheumatoid arthritis by relieving inhibition of CD38+ NK cells on Treg cell differentiation
Creators: name: Wang, Hongxing
name: Li, Shutong
name: Zhang, Guoqing
name: Wu, Hui
name: Chang, Xiaotian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 10: Table S5. The proportions (%) of lymphocyte subsets in MNCs from peripheral blood.
title: Das Universum dehnt sich aus
title: Die Erstellung eines Hubble-Diagramms mithilfe der Bestimmung der Durchmesser verschiedener Galaxien
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Schweiger, Jonas
Publisher: name: Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB)
Year: 2021
Subjects: Hubble-Diagramm
Hubble-Konstante
Spiralgalaxie
Durchmesser
Fluchtgeschwindigkeit
Rotverschiebung
Weltalter

description: Junge Wissenschaft. Paper 06/2020
description: In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird ein Hubble-Diagramm erstellt, in dem die Distanzen verschiedener Galaxien aus deren Durchmessern bestimmt werden. Die Fluchtgeschwindigkeiten ergeben sich aus der Rotverschiebung der empfangenen Spektren. Die auf diese Weise ermittelte Hubble-Konstante ermöglich es, das Alter des Universums abzuschätzen.
description: In der Jungen Wissenschaft werden Forschungsarbeiten von Schüler/innen, die selbstständig, z.B. in einer Schule oder einem Schülerforschungszentrum, durchgeführt wurden, veröffentlicht.
Inflationary Perturbations: the Cosmological Schwinger Effect
Creators: name: Martin, Jerome
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This pedagogical review aims at presenting the fundamental aspects of the theory of inflationary cosmological perturbations of quantum-mechanical origin. The analogy with the well-known Schwinger effect is discussed in detail and a systematic comparison of the two physical phenomena is carried out. In particular, it is demonstrated that the two underlying formalisms differ only up to an irrelevant canonical transformation. Hence, the basic physical mechanisms at play are similar in both cases and can be reduced to the quantization of a parametric oscillator leading to particle creation due to the interaction with a classical source: pair production in vacuum is therefore equivalent to the appearance of a growing mode for the cosmological fluctuations. The only difference lies in the nature of the source: an electric field in the case of the Schwinger effect and the gravitational field in the case of inflationary perturbations. Although, in the laboratory, it is notoriously difficult to produce an electric field such that pairs extracted from the vacuum can be detected, the gravitational field in the early universe can be strong enough to lead to observable effects that ultimately reveal themselves as temperature fluctuations in the Cosmic Microwave Background. Finally, the question of how quantum cosmological perturbations can be considered as classical is discussed at the end of the article.
description: 49 pages, 6 figures, to appear in a LNP volume "Inflationary Cosmology"
title: Le programme de formation des enseignant(e)s du fondamental au Luxembourg
Creators: name: Busana, Gilbert
name: Poncelet, Débora
name: Reeff, Alain
name: Rivas, Salvador
Publisher: name: Luxembourg Centre for Educational Testing (LUCET) & Service de Coordination de la Recherche et de l’Innovation pédagogiques et technologiques (SCRIPT)
Year: 2021

description: Rapport national sur l’éducation Luxembourg 2021
Aristotle's modal ontology
Creators: name: Dickson, Mark William
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: ModaI logic is concerned with the logic of necessity and possibility. The central problem of modal ontology is summed up in the following question, "What are the ontological commitments of the user of modal terminology? " This thesis is primarily about the ontological commitments that Aristotle made when he employed modal terms. Aristotle’s modal ontology is h e r e analysed in conjunction with four modal problems. My primary objective, is to clarify some of the discussions of Aristotle's modal ontology that have been advanced by certain twentieth century philosophers. The first problem to be considered is the famous ' sea battle’ argument of De Interpretatione 9 . Here is a summary of the problem: If it is currently true that there will be a sea battle tomorrow, then in some sense it is inevitable that there will in fact be a sea battle; if predictions are true, is not a form of determinism being supported? One analysis in particular is studied at length, namely that of Jaakko Hintikka. Hintikka holds that the sea battle argument is best Interpreted if the metaphysical principle of plenitude is attributed to Aristotle. The principle of plenitude effectively merges modality with temporality; what is necessarily the case is always true, and vice versa. Hintikka also interprets Aristotle's stand on the ‘Master Argument’ of Diodorus in light of the attribution of the principle of plenitude to Aristotle. Diodorus' argument is the second of the four problems that this essay considers,. Unlike Aristotle, Diodorus appears to have favored a strong version of determinism. According to Hintikka, Diodorus actually strove to prove the principle of plenitude (as opposed to assuming it, as Aristotle presumably did). I am very sceptical regarding Hintikka's interpretations of these two problems. The sea battle argument is not adequately answered by the solution which Hintikka sees Aristotle adopting. Alternative answers are relatively easy to come by. The evidence cited by Hintikka for ascribing the principle of plenitude is, it is shown, somewhat inconclusive. As for the Master Argument, there is a great deal of paucity in regards to textual evidence. Hinikka himself virtually concedes this point. (Thus, whereas I feel it to be incumbent to offer an alternative interpretation of the sea battle argument, I do not share this attitude towards the Master Argument.) The third and fourth problems play a key role in twentieth century analytic philosophy. Both were first formulated by W.V. Quine in the forties. These problems are somewhat subtle and will not be explained further. Suffice it to say that an analysis of Aristotle's works by Alan Code reveals that the Stagirite had an answer to Quine's criticisms of modal logic.
Reversal of spin polarization in Fe/GaAs (001) driven by resonant surface states: First-principles calculations
Creators: name: Chantis, Athanasios N.
name: Belashchenko, Kirill D.
name: Smith, Darryl L.
name: Tsymbal, Evgeny Y.
name: van Schilfgaarde, Mark
name: Albers, Robert C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A minority-spin resonant state at the Fe/GaAs(001) interface is predicted to reverse the spin polarization with voltage bias of electrons transmitted across this interface. Using a Green's function approach within the local spin density approximation we calculate spin-dependent current in a Fe/GaAs/Cu tunnel junction as a function of applied bias voltage. We find a change in sign of the spin polarization of tunneling electrons with bias voltage due to the interface minority-spin resonance. This result explains recent experimental data on spin injection in Fe/GaAs contacts and on tunneling magnetoresistance in Fe/GaAs/Fe magnetic tunnel junctions.
title: Bindungen: Über Wissenschaft, Liebe und Zusammenhalt
Creators: name: Akademie, Die
Publisher: name: MyCoRe Community
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mobilität
subject: Dual-Career
subject: Transnationalisierung
subject: Exoplaneten
subject: Universum
subject: Theologie
subject: Freundschaft
subject: Tonalität
subject: Plagiat
subject: Hochschullehre
subject: 000

description: Wie dicht das Weltall und die Wissenschaft wirklich zusammenhängen, zeigt diese Ausgabe des Junge Akademie Magazins: Das Dossier untersucht Bindungen fast aller Art – soziale, transnationale, außerirdische. Allein im Jahr 2012 reisten 43 Mitglieder und Alumni der Jungen Akademie 1.082.500 Kilometer. Das ist etwa so viel wie die Strecke von der Erde zum Mond und zurück. Dies ist nur eine Erkenntnis aus einer Umfrage der Jungen Akademie zu Mobilität, Liebe und Wissenschaft. Die Mobilität, die für eine Karriere in der Wissenschaft gefordert wird, beschreiben gut 70 Prozent der Umfrageteilnehmer als Belastung; die Liebe zu Partner und Familie und die Liebe zur Wissenschaft werden meist als komplementär oder Balanceakt empfunden. Die Ergebnisse der Umfrage finden Sie ab Seite 4. Dass familiäre Bindungen mitunter wichtiger sein können als permanentes Berufsreisen, zeigt das Porträt der Göttinger Theologin Katharina Heyden. Die Soziologin Magdalena Nowicka berichtet ab Seite 14 aus ihrer Forschung, wie die Globalisierung Strukturen verändert – im Warentausch, in Beziehungen und Geschlechterrollen –, und der Historiker Klaus Oschema beschreibt ab Seite 24, was Freundschaft im Mittelalter bedeutet hat. Berufliche Netzwerke sind Bindungen anderer Art als private – oder gar als die zwischen den Menschen und der Position der Erde im Weltall. Die Physikerinnen Julia Tjus und Lisa Kaltenegger diskutieren mit dem Musikwissenschaftler und Komponisten Gordon Kampe darüber, inwiefern wir uns fremden Lebensformen auf anderen Planeten verbunden fühlen, und welche Rolle Religion, Illustrationen und Pfefferminztee bei der Forschung spielen: nachzulesen ab Seite 16. Darüber hinaus finden Sie Berichte aus der Arbeit der Jungen Akademie: Die AG Klang(welten) beschäftigte sich in Paris mit Theorien und Modellen kultureller Identitätsstiftung, die AG Wieso SoWi? fragte in Berlin nach den Kriterien für originelle Ideen, und Cornelis Menke kommentiert die Personalstrukturen des deutschen Universitätssystems. Viel Freude beim Lesen wünscht Ihnen im Namen des Redaktionsteams Evelyn Runge
description: Junge Akademie Magazin, vol. 15
Electroweak and Left-Right Phase Transitions in $SO(5) \times U(1) \times SU(3)$ Gauge-Higgs Unification
Creators: name: Funatsu, Shuichiro
name: Hatanaka, Hisaki
name: Hosotani, Yutaka
name: Orikasa, Yuta
name: Yamatsu, Naoki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The electroweak phase transition in GUT inspired $SO(5)\times U(1) \times SU(3)$ gauge-Higgs unification is shown to be weakly first order and occurs at $T = T_c^{\rm EW} \sim 163\,$GeV, which is very similar to the behavior in the standard model in perturbation theory. A new phase appears at higher temperatures. $SU(2)_L \times U(1)_Y$ ($θ_H=0$) and $SU(2)_R \times U(1)_{Y'}$ ($θ_H=π$) phases become almost degenerate above $T \sim m_{\rm KK}$ where $m_{\rm KK}$ is the Kaluza-Klein mass scale typically around 13$\,$TeV and $θ_H$ is the Aharonov-Bohm phase along the fifth dimension. The two phases become degenerate at $T = T_c^{\rm LR} \sim m_{\rm KK}$. As the temperature drops in the evolution of the early Universe the $SU(2)_R \times U(1)_{Y'}$ phase becomes unstable. The tunneling rate from the $SU(2)_R \times U(1)_{Y'}$ phase to the $SU(2)_L \times U(1)_Y$ phase becomes sizable and a first-order phase transition takes place at $T=2.5 \sim 2.6\,$TeV. The amount of gravitational waves produced in this left-right phase transition is small, far below the reach of the sensitivity of Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA). A detailed analysis of the $SU(2)_R \times U(1)_{Y'}$ phase is also given. It is shown that the $W$ boson, $Z$ boson and photon, with $θ_H$ varying from 0 to $π$, are transformed to gauge bosons in the $SU(2)_R \times U(1)_{Y'}$ phase. Gauge couplings and wave functions of quarks, leptons and dark fermions in the $SU(2)_R \times U(1)_{Y'}$ phase are determined.
description: 43 pages, 6 figures, typos corrected
title: Unerwünschte Partikel im Waschwasser
title: Analyse von Mikroplastikpartikeln im Abwasser einer Waschmaschine
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Wyser, Lara
name: Meyer, Cedric
Publisher: name: Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB)
Year: 2021
Subjects: Mikroplastikpartikel
Fleecepullover
Waschmaschine
Waschflotte
synthetische Stoffe
Filtration
Textilfasern
Faserlänge

description: Junge Wissenschaft. Paper 07/2020
description: Beim Waschen von synthetischer Kleidung, z. B. Fleecepullovern, können sich Fasern aus den Textilien lösen und als Mikroplastik ins Abwasser gelangen. Es wurden die Emissionen während der einzelnen Waschschritte untersucht und die quantitative Menge sowie die Längenveränderung der Mikroplastikpartikel in der Waschmaschine bestimmt.
description: In der Jungen Wissenschaft werden Forschungsarbeiten von Schüler/innen, die selbstständig, z.B. in einer Schule oder einem Schülerforschungszentrum, durchgeführt wurden, veröffentlicht.
Change in the room temperature magnetic property of ZnO upon Mn doping
Creators: name: Banerjee, S.
name: Rajendran, K.
name: Gayathri, N.
name: Sardar, M.
name: Senthilkumar, S.
name: Sengodan, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present in this paper the changes in the room temperature magnetic property of ZnO on Mn doping prepared using solvo-thermal process. The zero field cooled (ZFC) and field cooled (FC) magnetisation of undoped ZnO showed bifurcation and magnetic hysteresis at room temperature. Upon Mn doping the magnetic hysteresis at room temperature and the bifurcation in ZFC-FC magnetization vanishes. The results seem to indicate that undoped ZnO is ferromagnetic while on the other hand the Mn doped ZnO is not a ferromagnetic system. We observe that on addition of Mn atoms the system shows antiferromagnetism with very giant magnetic moments.
description: 5 figures
Radiative torque alignment: Essential Physical Processes
Creators: name: Hoang, Thiem
name: Lazarian, Alex
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the physical processes that affect the alignment of grains subject to radiative torques (RATs). To describe the action of RATs, we use the analytical model (AMO) of RATs introduced in Paper I. We focus our discussion on the alignment by anisotropic radiation flux with respect to magnetic field, which defines the axis of grain Larmor precession. Such an alignment does not invoke paramagnetic dissipation (i.e. Davis-Greenstein mechanism), but, nevertheless, grains tend to be aligned with long axes perpendicular to the magnetic field. When we account for thermal fluctuations within grain material, we show that for grains, which are characterized by a triaxial ellipsoid of inertia, the zero-$J$ attractor point obtained in our earlier study develops into a low-$J$ attractor point. We study effects of stochastic gaseous bombardment and show that gaseous bombardment can drive grains from low-$J$ to high-$J$ attractor points in cases when the high-$J$ attractor points are present. As the alignment of grain axes with respect to angular momentum is higher for higher values of $J$, counter-intuitively, gaseous bombardment can increase the degree of grain alignment in respect to the magnetic field. We also study the effects of torques induced by H$_2$ formation and show that they can change the value of angular momentum at high-$J$ attractor point, but marginally affect the value of angular momentum at low-$J$ attractor points. We compare the AMO results with those obtained using the direct numerical calculations of RATs acting upon irregular grains and validate the use of the AMO for realistic situations of RAT alignment.
description: 31 pages. MNRAS 2007, in press, typos are corrected;
Polynomial solutions of qKZ equation and ground state of XXZ spin chain at Delta = -1/2
Creators: name: Razumov, A. V.
name: Stroganov, Yu. G.
name: Zinn-Justin, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Integral formulae for polynomial solutions of the quantum Knizhnik-Zamolodchikov equations associated with the R-matrix of the six-vertex model are considered. It is proved that when the deformation parameter q is equal to e^{+- 2 pi i/3} and the number of vertical lines of the lattice is odd, the solution under consideration is an eigenvector of the inhomogeneous transfer matrix of the six-vertex model. In the homogeneous limit it is a ground state eigenvector of the antiferromagnetic XXZ spin chain with the anisotropy parameter Delta equal to -1/2 and odd number of sites. The obtained integral representations for the components of this eigenvector allow to prove some conjectures on its properties formulated earlier. A new statement relating the ground state components of XXZ spin chains and Temperley-Lieb loop models is formulated and proved.
description: v2: cosmetic changes, new section on refined TSSCPPs vs refined ASMs
Transport quantum logic gates for trapped ions
Creators: name: Leibfried, D.
name: Knill, E.
name: Ospelkaus, C.
name: Wineland, D. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many efforts are currently underway to build a device capable of large scale quantum information processing (QIP). Whereas QIP has been demonstrated for a few qubits in several systems, many technical difficulties must be overcome in order to construct a large-scale device. In one proposal for large-scale QIP, trapped ions are manipulated by precisely controlled light pulses and moved through and stored in multizone trap arrays. The technical overhead necessary to precisely control both the ion geometrical configurations and the laser interactions is demanding. Here we propose methods that significantly reduce the overhead on laser beam control for performing single and multiple qubit operations on trapped ions. We show how a universal set of operations can be implemented by controlled transport of ions through stationary laser beams. At the same time, each laser beam can be used to perform many operations in parallel, potentially reducing the total laser power necessary to carry out QIP tasks. The overall setup necessary for implementing transport gates is simpler than for gates executed on stationary ions. We also suggest a transport-based two-qubit gate scheme utilizing microfabricated permanent magnets that can be executed without laser light.
description: 31 pages, 5 figures, minor improvements in figures and notation, submitted to PRA
Multipolar Fermi-surface deformation in a Rydberg-dressed Fermi gas with long-range anisotropic interactions
Creators: name: Zhou, Yijia
name: Nath, Rejish
name: Wu, Haibin
name: Lesanovsky, Igor
name: Li, Weibin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study theoretically the deformation of the Fermi surface (FS) of a three-dimensional gas of Rydberg-dressed $^6$Li atoms. The laser dressing to high-lying Rydberg $D$ states results in angle-dependent soft-core-shaped interactions whose anisotropy is described by multiple spherical harmonics. We show that this can drastically modify the shape of the FS and that its deformation depends on the interplay between the Fermi momentum $k_F$ and the reciprocal momentum $\bar{k}$ corresponding to the characteristic soft-core radius of the dressing-induced potential. When $k_F< \bar{k}$, the dressed interaction stretches a spherical FS into an ellipsoid. When $k_F\gtrsim \bar{k}$, complex deformations are encountered which exhibit multipolar characteristics. We analyze the formation of Cooper pairs around the deformed FS and show that they occupy large orbital angular momentum states ($p$, $f$, and $h$ wave) coherently. Our study demonstrates that Rydberg dressing to high angular momentum states may pave a route toward the investigation of unconventional Fermi gases and multiwave superconductivity.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures; SM: 7 pages, 5 figures
Designing ECG Monitoring Healthcare System with Federated Transfer Learning and Explainable AI
Creators: name: Raza, Ali
name: Tran, Kim Phuc
name: Koehl, Ludovic
name: Li, Shujun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Deep learning play a vital role in classifying different arrhythmias using the electrocardiography (ECG) data. Nevertheless, training deep learning models normally requires a large amount of data and it can lead to privacy concerns. Unfortunately, a large amount of healthcare data cannot be easily collected from a single silo. Additionally, deep learning models are like black-box, with no explainability of the predicted results, which is often required in clinical healthcare. This limits the application of deep learning in real-world health systems. In this paper, we design a new explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) based deep learning framework in a federated setting for ECG-based healthcare applications. The federated setting is used to solve issues such as data availability and privacy concerns. Furthermore, the proposed framework setting effectively classifies arrhythmia's using an autoencoder and a classifier, both based on a convolutional neural network (CNN). Additionally, we propose an XAI-based module on top of the proposed classifier to explain the classification results, which help clinical practitioners make quick and reliable decisions. The proposed framework was trained and tested using the MIT-BIH Arrhythmia database. The classifier achieved accuracy up to 94% and 98% for arrhythmia detection using noisy and clean data, respectively, with five-fold cross-validation.
title: Attachment: on Academia, Love, and Bonds
Creators: name: Akademie, Die
Publisher: name: MyCoRe Community
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mobilität
subject: Dual Career
subject: Transnationalisierung
subject: Exoplaneten
subject: Universum
subject: Theologie
subject: Freundschaft
subject: Tonalität
subject: Plagiat
subject: Hochschullehre
subject: 000

description: In this issue of the Junge Akademie Magazin, we take a look at how closely the universe and academia are linked: The dossier examines bonds of almost all kinds – social, transnational, alien. In 2012 alone, 43 members and alumni of the Junge Akademie travelled 1,082,500 kilometres, which is almost the distance from the earth to the moon and back again. This is just one of several insights from the Junge Akademie’s survey on mobility, love, and academia. Seventy per cent of survey respondents describe the mobility required by an academic career as a burden; the love for a partner and family and the love for academia are usually perceived as being complementary or as elements of a balancing act. The results of the survey can be found starting on page 4. The profile of the Göttingen theologian Katharina Heyden illustrates the fact that family relationships are sometimes more important than constant business travel. Starting on page 14, the sociologist Magdalena Nowicka reports on her research on how globalisation is changing structures in regards to bartering, relationships and gender roles, and on page 24, you can find the historian Klaus Oschema’s description of what friendship meant in medieval times. Professional networks consist of connections that are quite different from private ones – not to mention the connection between humans and the position of the earth in the universe. The physicists Julia Tjus and Lisa Kaltenegger discuss the topic of how connected we feel to alien life forms on other planets, and what role religion, illustrations and peppermint tea play in research, with the musicologist and composer Gordon Kampe on page 16. Additionally, you will find research reports from the Junge Akademie’s work: In Paris, the Research Group (Sound)worlds looked at theories and models of cultural identity formation, while in Berlin the research group Why the Social Sciences? examined the criteria for original ideas, and Cornelis Menke comments on the HR structures of the German university system. The editorial team and I hope you’ll enjoy reading our magazine! Evelyn Runge
description: Junge Akademie Magazin, vol. 15
Multiword expressions in multilingual applications within the Grammatical Framework
Creators: name: Angelov, Krasimir
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: The main focus of Grammatical Framework (GF) is in multilingual applications

where the same type of content is produced and analyzed in several languages at

once. This is achieved by joining the grammars for all languages with a shared

interlingual representation. In designing the interlingua, multiword expressions

are an important factor that must be considered. Here, I adopt the broader defi-

nition where everything that translates non-compositionally accross languages is

considered an expression. In this chapter I present multiword expressions from a

cross-lingual perspective in relation to an interlingual grammar.
Digital Literacy Competency for Personnel of the Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Khon Kaen University
Creators: name: Amonrat Sittisak
Publisher: name: Klungnana Vitthaya Press
Year: 2020
Subjects: Digital literacy competency, Personnel competency, Working competency, Faculty of Humanities and Social Science, Khon Kaen University

description: Journal of Information Science, 38, 4, 61-81