cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
I like what you are saying, but only if i feel safe: Psychological safety moderates the relationship between voice and perceived contribution to healthcare team effectiveness
Creators: name: Weiss, Mona
name: Morrison, Elizabeth Wolfe
name: Szyld, Demian
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: psychological safety
subject: voice
subject: teamwork
subject: healthcare
subject: nurses
subject: hierarchy
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::300 Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie::300 Sozialwissenschaften

description: Introduction: Are nurses who voice work-related concerns viewed as positive contributors to a team? We propose that the extent to which healthcare professionals consider voice by nurses as helpful for the team depends on how psychologically safe they feel. Specifically, we hypothesized that psychological safety moderates the relationship between voice of a lower ranking team member (i.e., a nurse) and perceived contribution by others, such that voice is more likely to be seen as valuable for team decision-making when psychological safety is high but not when it is low. Methods: We tested our hypotheses with a randomized between-subjects experiment using a sample of emergency medicine nurses and physicians. Participants evaluated a nurse who either did or did not speak up with alternative suggestions during emergency patient treatment. Results: Results confirmed our hypotheses: At higher levels of psychological safety the nurse’s voice was considered as more helpful than withholding of voice for team decision-making. This was not the case at lower levels of psychological safety. This effect was stable when including important control variables (i.e., hierarchical position, work experience, gender). Discussion: Our results shed light on how evaluations of voice are contingent on perceptions of a psychologically safe team context.
DSC Multilingual Mystery #5: Lee & Quinn and the Mystery in the French NLP Model
Creators: name: Skallerup Bessette, Lee
name: Dombrowski, Quinn
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Digital humanities
subject: Text data mining
subject: Translations
subject: Natural language processing

description: In DSC Multilingual Mystery #5: Lee & Quinn and the Mystery in the French NLP Model, Quinn and Lee look at how many character/verb pairs the spaCy NLP library can identify in English and across the French translations.
Twitter User Representation Using Weakly Supervised Graph Embedding
Creators: name: Islam, Tunazzina
name: Goldwasser, Dan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Social media platforms provide convenient means for users to participate in multiple online activities on various contents and create fast widespread interactions. However, this rapidly growing access has also increased the diverse information, and characterizing user types to understand people's lifestyle decisions shared in social media is challenging. In this paper, we propose a weakly supervised graph embedding based framework for understanding user types. We evaluate the user embedding learned using weak supervision over well-being related tweets from Twitter, focusing on 'Yoga', 'Keto diet'. Experiments on real-world datasets demonstrate that the proposed framework outperforms the baselines for detecting user types. Finally, we illustrate data analysis on different types of users (e.g., practitioner vs. promotional) from our dataset. While we focus on lifestyle-related tweets (i.e., yoga, keto), our method for constructing user representation readily generalizes to other domains.
description: accepted at 16th International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media (ICWSM-2022), direct accept from May 2021 submission, 12 pages, minor change for camera-ready
Kairomone-induced changes in foraging activity of the larval ectoparasitoid Holepyris sylvanidis are linked with an increased number of male parasitoid offspring
Creators: name: Awater-Salendo, Sarah
name: Hilker, Monika
name: Fürstenau, Benjamin
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Bethylidae
subject: 1-pentadecene
subject: (E)-2-nonenal
subject: host finding
subject: stored product protection
subject: Tribolium confusum
subject: Tenebrionidae
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::590 Tiere (Zoologie)::590 Tiere (Zoologie)

description: Interactions between stored product pest insects and their parasitoids are well known to be mediated by infochemicals. However, little knowledge is available about the extent to which parasitoid responses to host kairomones improve host search and parasitization success. Here, we tested whether the release of host-specific kairomones of the confused flour beetle, Tribolium confusum, improves host finding of the larval ectoparasitoid Holepyris sylvanidis. Previous studies revealed that volatiles from host larval feces [i.e., (E)-2-nonenal and 1-pentadecene] attract the parasitoid. To determine the most attractive concentration of these two key components, we conduced Y-tube olfactometer bioassays. Most female parasitoids were attracted to a mixture of (E)-2-nonenal and 1-pentadecene at the lowest concentration, while the highest concentration was repellent. Volatiles from host adults (methyl-p-benzoquinone and 4,8-dimethyldecanal) did not attract the parasitoid females at any of the concentrations tested. In flight cage experiments, we analyzed the host finding success of H. sylvanidis by offering host larvae in a Petri dish for 3 days (i) with additionally applied host larval kairomones in the most attractive concentration (test) or (ii) without additional kairomones (control). In test cages, the parasitoids removed a significantly higher number of paralyzed host larvae from the initial population within 48 h than in control cages. After 72 h, significantly more host larvae were parasitized in test cages than in the control. The offspring of parasitoids in test cages differed from the one in control cages by total numbers and especially the number of males. Significantly more parasitoids emerged from the parasitized host larvae in test cages, with enhanced male offspring. Our study demonstrates that the parasitoid’s response to host-associated volatiles can improve parasitization success but also affects the number of males in the parasitoids’ progeny.
Search for dark photons from Higgs boson decays via $ZH$ production with a photon plus missing transverse momentum signature from $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector
Creators: name: ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2022
Subjects: transverse momentum, missing-energy
p p, scattering
Higgs particle, decay
mass, transverse
Higgs particle, mass
photon
CERN LHC Coll
signature
ATLAS
TeV
GeV
branching ratio
sensitivity
background

description: This paper describes a search for dark photons ($\gamma_d$) in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). The dark photons are searched for in the decay of Higgs bosons ($H \to \gamma\gamma_d$) produced through the $ZH$ production mode. The transverse mass of the system, made of the photon and the missing transverse momentum from the non-interacting $\gamma_d$, presents a distinctive signature as it peaks near the Higgs boson mass. The results presented use the total Run-2 integrated luminosity of 139 fb$^{-1}$ recorded by the ATLAS detector at the LHC. The dominant reducible background processes are estimated using data-driven techniques. A Boosted Decision Tree technique is adopted to enhance the sensitivity of the search. As no excess is observed with respect to the Standard Model prediction, an observed (expected) upper limit on the branching ratio BR$(H\to \gamma\gamma_d)$ of 2.28$\%$ (2.82$^{+1.33}_{-0.84}\%$) is set at 95$\%$ CL for massless $\gamma_d$. For massive dark photons up to 40 GeV, the observed (expected) upper limits on BR$(H\to \gamma\gamma_d)$ at 95$\%$ confidence level is found within the [2.19,2.52]$\%$ ([2.71,3.11]$\%$) range.
Quantum Hall interferometry at finite bias with multiple edge channels
Creators: name: Wei, Zezhu
name: Feldman, D. E.
name: Halperin, Bertrand I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a quantum Hall interferometer, the dependence of the signal on source-drain voltage is controlled by details of the edge physics, such as the velocities of edge modes and the interaction between them and with screening layers. Such dependence of the signal has been seen in recent experiments at various integer and fractional filling factors, including $ν=2$ and $ν=2/5$, where two edge modes are present. Here we study theoretically the current-voltage curves for various values of the relative edge velocities, interaction strength, and the temperature, in a model containing two edge modes. We consider separate cases in which the inner mode or the outer mode is weakly backscattered at the tunneling contacts. When the inner mode is completely reflected and the outer mode is partially transmitted, we find striking features at very low temperatures related to resonance of excitations of the closed inner channel. Fluctuations in the charge of the closed inner mode, caused by sparse tunneling events, lead to an exponential suppression of the interference visibility at high voltages, in agreement with experiments.
description: 26 pages, 13 figures, typos fixed and reference updated, published in PRB as an Editors' Suggestion
Astropy Proposal For Enhancement 2: Astropy Release Cycle And Version Numbering (Ape 2)
Creators: name: Tollerud, Erik
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013

description: This APE describes the general plan for timing of releases and their version numbers. The basic premise is a 6-month cycle for new feature releases, with releases designated "long-term support" (LTS) releases every two years. Bugfix releases occur as needed, on both the current feature release and the LTS releases.
Characterizing a high spin magnetic impurity via Andreev reflection spectroscopy
Creators: name: Pal, Subhajit
name: Benjamin, Colin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ground state properties of a high spin magnetic impurity and its interaction with an electronic spin are probed via Andreev reflection. We see that through the charge and spin conductance one can effectively estimate the interaction strength, the ground state spin and magnetic moment of any high spin magnetic impurity. We show how a high spin magnetic impurity at the junction between a normal metal and superconductor can contribute to superconducting spintronics applications. Particularly, while spin conductance is absent below the gap for Ferromagnet-Insulator-Superconductor junctions we show that in the case of a Normal metal-High spin magnetic impurity-Normal Metal-Insulator-Superconductor (NMNIS) junction it is present. Further, it is seen that pure spin conduction can exist without any accompanying charge conduction in the NMNIS junction.
description: 19 pages, 13 Figures, accepted for publication in The European Physical Journal B
Can we illuminate our cities and (still) see the stars?
Creators: name: Bará, Salvador
name: Falchi, Fabio
name: Lima, Raul C.
name: Pawley, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Could we enjoy starry skies in our cities again? Arguably yes. The actual number of visible stars will depend, among other factors, on the spatial density of the overall city light emissions. In this paper it is shown that reasonably dark skies could be achieved in urban settings, even at the center of large metropolitan areas, if the light emissions are kept within admissible levels and direct glare from the light sources is avoided. These results may support the adoption of science-informed, democratic public decisions on the use of light in our municipalities, with the goal of recovering the possibility of contemplating the night sky everywhere in our planet.
description: Twelve pages, five figures. Author formatted version of a paper accepted for publication in International Journal of Sustainable Lighting (2021)
The cumulative Kolmogorov filter for model-free screening in ultrahigh dimensional data
Creators: name: Kim, Arlene K. H.
name: Shin, Seung Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose a cumulative Kolmogorov filter to improve the fused Kolmogorov filter proposed by Zou (2015) via cumulative slicing. We establish an improved asymptotic result under relaxed assumptions and numerically demonstrate its enhanced finite sample performance.
DSC #4: AntConc Saves the Day
Creators: name: Lang, Anouk
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Digital humanities
subject: Text data mining
subject: Authorship--Collaboration

description: In DSC #4: AntConc Saves the Day, Anouk Lang uses the AntConc software to look for moments of qualified negativity in the Baby-Sitters Club corpus... until the Data-Sitters get distracted with making her look up all kinds of random pop culture queries.
Fitting to magnetic forces improves the reliability of magnetic Moment Tensor Potentials
Creators: name: Kotykhov, Alexey S.
name: Gubaev, Konstantin
name: Sotskov, Vadim
name: Tantardini, Christian
name: Hodapp, Max
name: Shapeev, Alexander V.
name: Novikov, Ivan S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We developed a method for fitting machine-learning interatomic potentials with magnetic degrees of freedom, namely, magnetic Moment Tensor Potentials (mMTP). The main feature of our method consists in fitting mMTP to magnetic forces (negative derivatives of energies with respect to magnetic moments) as obtained spin-polarized density functional theory calculations. We test our method on the bcc Fe-Al system with different compositions. Specifically, we calculate formation energies, equilibrium lattice parameter, and total cell magnetization. Our findings demonstrate an accurate correspondence between the values calculated with mMTP and those obtained by DFT at zero temperature. Additionally, using molecular dynamics, we estimate the finite-temperature lattice parameter and capture the cell expansion as was previously revealed in experiment. Furthermore, we demonstrate that fitting to magnetic forces increases the reliability of structure relaxation (or, equilibration), in the sense of ensuring that every relaxation run ends up with a successfully relaxed structure (the failure may otherwise be caused by falsely driving a configuration away from the region covered in the training set).
DSC #6: Voyant's Big Day
Creators: name: Bowers, Katherine
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Digital humanities
subject: Text data mining
subject: English language--Slang

description: In DSC #6: Voyant's Big Day, Katia Bowers uses Voyant tools to explore the short-lived phenomenon of Baby-Sitters Club slang. The piece ends with a few words about Stéfan Sinclair, Voyant's creator, who passed away in 2020.
Diffuse neutrinos from luminous and dark supernovae: prospects for upcoming detectors at the O(10) kt scale
Creators: name: Priya, Alankrita
name: Lunardini, Cecilia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We estimate the Diffuse Supernova Neutrino Background (DSNB) using the simulation results for neutron star-forming and black hole-forming stellar collapses from the Garching group. Scenarios with different distributions of black-hole forming collapses with the progenitor mass are discussed, and the uncertainty on the cosmological rate of collapses is included. The electron antineutrino component of the DSNB above 11 MeV of energy is found to be ~(1.4 - 3.7) cm^-2 s^-1; the contribution of black hole-forming collapses could dominate the flux above ~25 MeV. We calculate the potential of detecting the DSNB at SuperK-Gd and JUNO, in about a decade-long period of operation. We find that, in our model, it is likely that a significant excess above the background will be obtained at JUNO, while detection will be more difficult at SuperK-Gd. The potential when the two experimental results are examined jointly is discussed as well. We also consider an example of a future O(10) kt slow liquid scintillator detector, and show that there the odds of detection are very good. Our results motivate experimental efforts in reducing the backgrounds due to neutral current scattering of atmospheric neutrinos in SuperK-Gd.
description: 28 pages, including 9 figures and 3 tables. Version edited for readability; some material has been moved to appendices. Quality of figures improved; references added. Conclusions unchanged
Exploring the Effects of User-Agent and User-Designer Similarity in Virtual Human Design to Promote Mental Health Intentions for College Students
Creators: name: Feijóo-García, Pedro Guillermo
name: Wrenn, Chase
name: de Siqueira, Alexandre Gomes
name: Ghosh, Rashi
name: Stuart, Jacob
name: Yao, Heng
name: Lok, Benjamin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: J.5; K.4

description: Virtual humans (i.e., embodied conversational agents) have the potential to support college students' mental health, particularly in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) fields where students are at a heightened risk of mental disorders such as anxiety and depression. A comprehensive understanding of students, considering their cultural characteristics, experiences, and expectations, is crucial for creating timely and effective virtual human interventions. To this end, we conducted a user study with 481 computer science students from a major university in North America, exploring how they co-designed virtual humans to support mental health conversations for students similar to them. Our findings suggest that computer science students who engage in co-design processes of virtual humans tend to create agents that closely resemble them demographically--agent-designer demographic similarity. Key factors influencing virtual human design included age, gender, ethnicity, and the matching between appearance and voice. We also observed that the demographic characteristics of virtual human designers, especially ethnicity and gender, tend to be associated with those of the virtual humans they designed. Finally, we provide insights concerning the impact of user-designer demographic similarity in virtual humans' effectiveness in promoting mental health conversations when designers' characteristics are shared explicitly or implicitly. Understanding how virtual humans' characteristics serve users' experiences in mental wellness conversations and the similarity-attraction effects between agents, users, and designers may help tailor virtual humans' design to enhance their acceptance and increase their counseling effectiveness.
description: 43 pages, 12 figures, revision after acceptance with minor revisions at ACM Transactions on Applied Perception
Astropy Proposal for Enhancement 2: Astropy Release Cycle and Version Numbering (APE 2)
Creators: name: Tollerud, Erik
name: Robitaille, Thomas
name: Lim, Pey Lian
name: Conseil, Simon
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: This APE describes the general plan for timing of releases and their version numbers. The basic premise is a 6-month cycle for new feature releases, with releases designated "long-term support" (LTS) releases every two years. Bugfix releases occur as needed, on both the current feature release and the LTS releases.
Tomographic Volumetric Additive Manufacturing of Silicon Oxycarbide Ceramics
Creators: name: Kollep, Max
name: Konstantinou, Georgia
name: Madrid-Wolff, Jorge
name: Boniface, Antoine
name: Sasikumar, Pradeep Vallachira Warriam
name: Blugan, Gurdial
name: Delrot, Paul
name: Loterie, Damien
name: Moser, Christophe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ceramics are highly technical materials with properties of interest for multiple industries. Precisely because of their high chemical, thermal, and mechanical resistance, ceramics are difficult to mold into complex shapes. A possibility to make convoluted ceramic parts is to use preceramic polymers (PCP) in liquid form. The PCP resin is first solidified in a desired geometry and then transformed into ceramic compounds through a pyrolysis step that preserves the shape. Light-based additive manufacturing (AM) is a promising route to achieve solidification of the PCP resin. Different approaches, such as stereolithography, have already been proposed but they all rely on a layer-by-layer printing process which sets limitations on the printing speed and object geometry. Here, we report on the fabrication of complex 3D centimeter-scale ceramic parts by using tomographic volumetric printing which is fast, high resolution and offers a lot of freedom in terms of geometrical design compared to state-of-the-art AM techniques. First, we formulated a photosensitive preceramic resin that was solidified by projecting light patterns from multiple angles. Then, the obtained 3D printed parts were converted into ceramics by pyrolyzing them in a furnace. We demonstrate the strength of this approach through the fabrication of dense microcomponents exhibiting overhangs and hollow geometries without the need of supporting structures, and characterize their resistance to high heat and harsh chemical treatments.
Past instability of FLRW solutions of the Einstein-Euler-scalar field equations for linear equations of state $p=Kρ$ with $0 \leq K<1/3$
Creators: name: Beyer, Florian
name: Marshall, Elliot
name: Oliynyk, Todd A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using numerical methods, we examine, under a Gowdy symmetry assumption, the dynamics of nonlinearly perturbed FLRW fluid solutions of the Einstein-Euler-scalar field equations in the contracting direction for linear equations of state $p = Kρ$ and sound speeds $0\leq K<1/3$. This article builds upon the numerical work from \cite{BMO:2023} in which perturbations of FLRW solutions to the Einstein-Euler equations with positive cosmological constant in the expanding time direction were studied. The numerical results presented here confirm that the instabilities observed in \cite{BMO:2023,MarshallOliynyk:2022} for $1/3
description: Material added to address referee comments, typos corrected
Measurement-Device-Independenization of Quantum Key Distribution Protocols
Creators: name: Shu, Hao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum key distribution(QKD) allows the legitimate partner to establish a secret key whose security only depends on physical laws. In recent years, research on QKD by employing insecure measurement devices, namely measurement-device-independent QKD (MDI-QKD) is increased. MDI-QKD removes all attacks on measurement devices and thus an untrusted third party can be employed for measuring. However, a weakness of previous MDI-QKD protocols is the need for joint measurements such as Bell measurements whose efficiency is low in practice. On the other hand, can all QKD protocols become measurement-device-independent remains a problem. In this paper, we present a scheme making prepare-measure QKD protocols become MDI-QKD protocols, called $'measurement-device-independenization'$, which does not need to employ joint measurements and could be efficiently implemented by weak coherence sources. The protocol might look like the detector-device-independent(DDI) protocols but it is also secure under the Trojan horse attack. To illustrate this, we investigate the photon-number-adding(PNA) attack and present a scheme, called $'photon-number-purification'$, which can also be employed to close loopholes for previous protocols such as DDI and plug-and-play ones.
description: 13 pages, 3 tables and 2 figures
Plethora of relativistic charged spheres: The full spectrum of Guilfoyle's static, electrically charged spherical solutions
Creators: name: Lemos, José P. S.
name: Zanchin, Vilson T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that Guilfoyle's exact solutions of the Einstein-Maxwell equations for spherical symmetric static electrically charged matter with a Reissner-Nordström exterior possess a bewildering plethora of different types of solutions. For the parameter space of the solutions we use two normalized variables, $q^2/R^2$ and $r_0/R$, where $q$ is the total electric charge, $r_0$ is the radius of the object, and $R$ is a length representing the square root of the inverse energy density of the matter. The two other parameters, the mass $m$ and the Guilfoyle parameter $a$, both dependent on $q$, $r_0$ and $R$, are analyzed in detail. The full parameter space of solutions $q^2/R^2\times r_0/R$ is explored with the corresponding types of solutions being identified and analyzed. The different types of solutions are regular charged stars, including charged dust stars and stars saturating the Buchdahl-Andréasson bound, quasiblack holes, regular charged black holes with a de Sitter core, regular black holes with a core of phantom charged matter, other exotic regular black holes, Schwarzschild stars, Schwarzschild black holes, Kasner spacetimes, pointlike and planar naked singularities, and the Minkowski spacetime. Allowing for $q^2<0$, in which case it is not possible to interpret $q$ as electric charge, also yields new solutions, some of which are interesting and regular, others are singular. Some of these types of solutions as well as the matter properties have been previously found and studied, here the full spectrum being presented in a unified manner.
description: 23 pages, 4 figures
Ethics lines and Machine learning: a design and simulation of an Association Rules Algorithm for exploiting the data
Creators: name: Calvo, Patrici
name: Egea-Moreno, Rebeca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Data mining techniques offer great opportunities for developing ethics lines, tools for communication, participation and innovation whose main aim is to ensure improvements and compliance with the values, conduct and commitments making up the code of ethics. The aim of this study is to suggest a process for exploiting the data generated by the data generated and collected from an ethics line by extracting rules of association and applying the Apriori algorithm. This makes it possible to identify anomalies and behaviour patterns requiring action to review, correct, promote or expand them, as appropriate. Finally, I offer a simulated application of the Apriori algorithm, supplying it with synthetic data to find out its potential, strengths and limitations.
A unified approach to nonlinear Perron-Frobenius theory
Creators: name: Lins, Brian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 47H07, 47H09, 47H10, Secondary 46T20, 15A69, 15A80, 91A15

description: Let $f:\mathbb{R}^n_{> 0} \rightarrow \mathbb{R}^n_{>0}$ be an order-preserving and homogeneous function. We show that the set of eigenvectors of $f$ in $\mathbb{R}^n_{>0}$ is nonempty and bounded in Hilbert's projective metric if and only if $f$ satisfies a condition involving upper and lower Collatz-Wielandt numbers of readily computed auxiliary functions. This condition generalizes a test for the existence of eigenvectors using hypergraphs that was proved by Akian, Gaubert, and Hochart. We include several examples to show how the new condition can be combined with the hypergraph test to give a systematic approach to determine when homogeneous and order-preserving functions have eigenvectors in $\mathbb{R}^n_{>0}$. We also observe that if the entries of $f$ are real analytic functions on $\mathbb{R}^n_{>0}$, then the set of eigenvectors of $f$ in $\mathbb{R}^n_{>0}$ is nonempty and bounded in Hilbert's projective metric if and only if the eigenvector is unique, up to scaling.
description: Added references
Hypersurfaces of constant Gauss-Kronecker curvature with Li-normalization in affine space
Creators: name: Nie, Xin
name: Seppi, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: For convex hypersurfaces in the affine space $\mathbb{A}^{n+1}$ ($n\geq2$), A.-M.\ Li introduced the notion of $α$-normal field as a generalization of the affine normal field. By studying a Monge-Ampère equation with gradient blowup boundary condition, we show that regular domains in $\mathbb{A}^{n+1}$, defined with respect to a proper convex cone and satisfying some regularity assumption if $n\geq3$, are foliated by complete convex hypersurfaces with constant Gauss-Kronecker curvature relative to the Li-normalization. When $n=2$, a key feature is that no regularity assumption is required, and the result extends our recent work about the $α=1$ case.
description: 26 pages. Comments welcome
Questionário de Avaliação dos Encontros presenciais com gestores municipais e estaduais
Creators: name: Diniz, Adriana Valéria Santos
name: Pereira, Maria Aparecida Nunes
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Questionário
Avaliação
CECAMPE Nordeste

description: Este relatório apresenta resultados referentes ao questionário como forma de monitoramento e de avaliação do subproduto “Encontro com dirigentes”. O objetivo dessa ação foi mensurar a percepção dos cursistas sobre o encontro com dirigentes e possibilitar o monitoramento e avaliação das atividades realizadas. Ao final de cada encontro, os dirigentes responderam ao questionário, constituindo um banco de informações sobre o perfil dos cursistas e os ganhos de aprendizagem. Uma análise global revela que os encontros com dirigentes avaliados apresentaram resultados positivos, indicando níveis de concordância elevados para a contribuição da formação ofertada em relação aos itens avaliados.
The Internet of Federated Things (IoFT): A Vision for the Future and In-depth Survey of Data-driven Approaches for Federated Learning
Creators: name: Kontar, Raed
name: Shi, Naichen
name: Yue, Xubo
name: Chung, Seokhyun
name: Byon, Eunshin
name: Chowdhury, Mosharaf
name: Jin, Judy
name: Kontar, Wissam
name: Masoud, Neda
name: Noueihed, Maher
name: Okwudire, Chinedum E.
name: Raskutti, Garvesh
name: Saigal, Romesh
name: Singh, Karandeep
name: Ye, Zhisheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The Internet of Things (IoT) is on the verge of a major paradigm shift. In the IoT system of the future, IoFT, the cloud will be substituted by the crowd where model training is brought to the edge, allowing IoT devices to collaboratively extract knowledge and build smart analytics/models while keeping their personal data stored locally. This paradigm shift was set into motion by the tremendous increase in computational power on IoT devices and the recent advances in decentralized and privacy-preserving model training, coined as federated learning (FL). This article provides a vision for IoFT and a systematic overview of current efforts towards realizing this vision. Specifically, we first introduce the defining characteristics of IoFT and discuss FL data-driven approaches, opportunities, and challenges that allow decentralized inference within three dimensions: (i) a global model that maximizes utility across all IoT devices, (ii) a personalized model that borrows strengths across all devices yet retains its own model, (iii) a meta-learning model that quickly adapts to new devices or learning tasks. We end by describing the vision and challenges of IoFT in reshaping different industries through the lens of domain experts. Those industries include manufacturing, transportation, energy, healthcare, quality & reliability, business, and computing.
description: Accepted at IEEE
What Makes Audio Event Detection Harder than Classification?
Creators: name: Phan, Huy
name: Koch, Philipp
name: Katzberg, Fabrice
name: Maass, Marco
name: Mazur, Radoslaw
name: McLoughlin, Ian
name: Mertins, Alfred
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: There is a common observation that audio event classification is easier to deal with than detection. So far, this observation has been accepted as a fact and we lack of a careful analysis. In this paper, we reason the rationale behind this fact and, more importantly, leverage them to benefit the audio event detection task. We present an improved detection pipeline in which a verification step is appended to augment a detection system. This step employs a high-quality event classifier to postprocess the benign event hypotheses outputted by the detection system and reject false alarms. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed pipeline, we implement and pair up different event detectors based on the most common detection schemes and various event classifiers, ranging from the standard bag-of-words model to the state-of-the-art bank-of-regressors one. Experimental results on the ITC-Irst dataset show significant improvements to detection performance. More importantly, these improvements are consistent for all detector-classifier combinations.
description: Published version available at https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8081709/
The $\mathrm{A}_2$ Andrews-Gordon identities and cylindric partitions
Creators: name: Warnaar, S. Ole
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 05A15, 05A17, 05A19, 11P84, 17B65, 33D15

description: Inspired by a number of recent papers by Corteel, Dousse, Foda, Uncu and Welsh on cylindric partitions and Rogers-Ramanujan-type identities, we obtain the $\mathrm{A}_2$ (or $\mathrm{A}_2^{(1)}$) analogues of the celebrated Andrews-Gordon identities. We further prove $q$-series identities that correspond to the infinite-level limit of the Andrews-Gordon identities for $\mathrm{A}_{r-1}$ (or $\mathrm{A}_{r-1}^{(1)}$) for arbitrary rank $r$. Our results for $\mathrm{A}_2$ also lead to conjectural, manifestly positive, combinatorial formulas for the $2$-variable generating function of cylindric partitions of rank $3$ and level $d$, such that $d$ is not a multiple of $3$.
description: 46 pages, minor typos corrected, to appear in Transactions of the AMS, Series B
Multi-qubit Randomized Benchmarking Using Few Samples
Creators: name: Helsen, Jonas
name: Wallman, Joel J.
name: Flammia, Steven T.
name: Wehner, Stephanie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Randomized benchmarking (RB) is an efficient and robust method to characterize gate errors in quantum circuits. Averaging over random sequences of gates leads to estimates of gate errors in terms of the average fidelity. These estimates are isolated from the state preparation and measurement errors that plague other methods like channel tomography and direct fidelity estimation. A decisive factor in the feasibility of randomized benchmarking is the number of sampled sequences required to obtain rigorous confidence intervals. Previous bounds were either prohibitively loose or required the number of sampled sequences to scale exponentially with the number of qubits in order to obtain a fixed confidence interval at a fixed error rate. Here we show that, with a small adaptation to the randomized benchmarking procedure, the number of sampled sequences required for a fixed confidence interval is dramatically smaller than could previously be justified. In particular, we show that the number of sampled sequences required is essentially independent of the number of qubits and scales favorably with the average error rate of the system under investigation. We also show that the number of samples required for long sequence lengths can be made substantially smaller than previous rigorous results (even for single qubits) as long as the noise process under investigation is not unitary. Our results bring rigorous randomized benchmarking on systems with many qubits into the realm of experimental feasibility.
description: v3: Added discussion of the impact of variance heteroskedasticity on the RB fitting procedure. Close to published version
A New Theoretical Interpretation of Measurement Error and Its Uncertainty
Creators: name: Shi, Huisheng
name: Ye, Xiaoming
name: Xing, Cheng
name: Ding, Shijun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Other Statistics (stat.OT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 60A10

description: The traditional measurement theory interprets the variance as the dispersion of a measured value, which is actually contrary to a general mathematical concept that the variance of a constant is 0. This paper will fully demonstrate that the variance in measurement theory is actually the evaluation of probability interval of an error instead of the dispersion of a measured value, point out the key point of mistake in the traditional interpretation, and fully interpret a series of changes in conceptual logic and processing method brought about by this new concept.
description: 20 pages, 7 figures
Essays on asset pricing and financial regulation
Creators: name: Ramian, Hormoz
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2020

description: I show that when the banking sector’s assets comprise large excess reserves and loans, jointly determined capital regulation and interest-on-excess-reserves (IOER) policies provide welfare gains. In general equilibrium, falling IOER is associated with a proportional fall in deposit rate only when IOER is above the zero bound. This leads to a faster fall in the bank’s interest expenses than its interest incomes. Given any lending level, lower net interest expenses enhance bank solvency. Nonetheless, the risk-weighted capital regulation remains unchanged and hence becomes socially costly. I show that jointly determined policies achieve welfare gains by loosening the capital requirement and lowering IOER to expand the credit flow, while bank failure likelihood remains constant. Conversely, lowering IOER below the zero bound is associated with a nonresponsive deposit rate that leads to growing net interest expenses and worsening bank solvency. In that case, I show that a stricter capital constraint together with a lower IOER provide social value. The aftermath of the financial crisis inherited heightened economic uncertainty and low productivity. These features prompted the banking sectors across the developed economies to rely heavily on excess reserves offered by the central banks despite the negative nominal IOER policy rate. Nonetheless, the negative relationship between the overall interest expenses of the banking sector with the IOER around the zero lower bound further exacerbates the over-reliance on excess reserves particularly when rates are negative. Financial regulator faces a trade-off between the costly failure of an under-capitalized banking system and costs generated by interconnections between interest expenses on oversized excess reserves and government guarantees to depositors. I show that first, the risk-weighted optimal capital regulation exhibits a negative correlation with the IOER policy rate, and second present a socially optimal financial regulation that balances the social gains of negative IOER rate, generated by reduced over-reliance on idle reserves, against its social costs, generated by the increased default likelihood of the banking institutions.
Gaussian Process Inference Using Mini-batch Stochastic Gradient Descent: Convergence Guarantees and Empirical Benefits
Creators: name: Chen, Hao
name: Zheng, Lili
name: Kontar, Raed Al
name: Raskutti, Garvesh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) and its variants have established themselves as the go-to algorithms for large-scale machine learning problems with independent samples due to their generalization performance and intrinsic computational advantage. However, the fact that the stochastic gradient is a biased estimator of the full gradient with correlated samples has led to the lack of theoretical understanding of how SGD behaves under correlated settings and hindered its use in such cases. In this paper, we focus on hyperparameter estimation for the Gaussian process (GP) and take a step forward towards breaking the barrier by proving minibatch SGD converges to a critical point of the full log-likelihood loss function, and recovers model hyperparameters with rate $O(\frac{1}{K})$ for $K$ iterations, up to a statistical error term depending on the minibatch size. Our theoretical guarantees hold provided that the kernel functions exhibit exponential or polynomial eigendecay which is satisfied by a wide range of kernels commonly used in GPs. Numerical studies on both simulated and real datasets demonstrate that minibatch SGD has better generalization over state-of-the-art GP methods while reducing the computational burden and opening a new, previously unexplored, data size regime for GPs.
Quandle cohomology is a Quillen cohomology
Creators: name: Szymik, Markus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: K-Theory and Homology (math.KT)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We show that the cohomology groups usually associated with racks and quandles agree with the Quillen cohomology groups for the algebraic theories of racks and quandles, respectively. We also explain how this makes available the entire range of tools that comes with a Quillen homology theory, such as long exact sequences (transitivity) and excision isomorphisms (flat base change).
description: 27 pages, to appear in Trans. Amer. Math. Soc
hermiter: R package for Sequential Nonparametric Estimation
Creators: name: Stephanou, Michael
name: Varughese, Melvin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This article introduces the R package hermiter which facilitates estimation of univariate and bivariate probability density functions and cumulative distribution functions along with full quantile functions (univariate) and nonparametric correlation coefficients (bivariate) using Hermite series based estimators. The algorithms implemented in the hermiter package are particularly useful in the sequential setting (both stationary and non-stationary) and one-pass batch estimation setting for large data sets. In addition, the Hermite series based estimators are approximately mergeable allowing parallel and distributed estimation.
description: 33 pages plus references, 11 figures. Incorporates journal reviewer and editor comments. As appears in Computational Statistics
title: Gastric Point-of-Care Ultrasound Education for Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetists
Creators: name: Graham, Robert
Publisher: name: Digital Commons@Becker, Barnes Jewish College Goldfarb School of Nursing
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 3
subject: FOS: Medical and health sciences

description: Background: Pulmonary aspiration is a significant risk of general anesthesia and is related to
increased perioperative morbidity and mortality. Gastric point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) has
been shown to be a reliable indicator of gastric contents and volume, and it can be used in the
perioperative setting to detect gastric contents and make informed clinical decisions to prevent
aspiration events.

Purpose: This project aimed to educate Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetists (CRNAs) at
Washington University in the use of point-of-care ultrasound to assess gastric contents prior to
surgery with the overall goal of improving knowledge, skills, and attitudes towards this practice
among participants.

Methods: Participants were provided with written materials and a pre-recorded lecture detailing the current state of gastric POCUS research and how to perform and interpret a gastric POCUS assessment. They then attended a live session where each participant performed their own hands-on POCUS exams with various prandial states. A pre- and post-survey design was used to determine changes in knowledge and attitudes among participants in response to the education.

Results/Discussion: Ten CRNAs participated in the education. All participants successfully
completed the modules and attended the live education. Post-survey responses showed
significant improvement in both knowledge, and attitudes at three separate time points following the education when compared to the pre-surveys. These results suggest brief hands-on education can significantly improve knowledge, and attitudes regarding gastric POCUS for CRNAs.