cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Comet 66P/du Toit: not a near Earth main belt comet
Creators: name: Yang, B.
name: Jehin, E.
name: Pozuelos, F. J.
name: Moulane, Y.
name: Shinnaka, Y.
name: Opitom, C.
name: Hsieh, H. H.
name: Hutsemékers, D.
name: Manfroid, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Main belt comets (MBCs) are a peculiar class of volatile-containing objects with comet-like morphology and asteroid-like orbits. However, MBCs are challenging targets to study remotely due to their small sizes and the relatively large distance they are from the Sun and the Earth. Recently, a number of weakly active short-period comets have been identified that might originate in the asteroid main belt. Among all of the known candidates, comet 66P/du Toit has been suggested to have one of the highest probabilities of coming from the main belt. We obtained medium and high-resolution spectra of 66P from 300-2500 nm with the X-shooter/VLT and the UVES/VLT instruments in July 2018. We also obtained a series of narrow-band images of 66P to monitor the gas and dust activity between May and July 2018 with TRAPPIST-South. In addition, we applied a dust model to characterize the dust coma of 66P and performed dynamical simulations to study the orbital evolution of 66P. We derive the OPR of ammonia (NH$_3$) in 66P to be 1.08$\pm$0.06, which corresponds to a nuclear spin temperature of $\sim$34 K. We computed the production rates of OH, NH, CN, C$_3,$ and C$_2$ radicals and measured the dust proxy, Af$ρ$. The dust analysis reveals that the coma can be best-fit with an anisotropic model and the peak dust production rate is about 55 kg s$^{-1}$ at the perihelion distance of 1.29 au. Dynamical simulations show that 66P is moderately asteroidal with the capture time, t$_{cap} \sim 10^4$ yr. Our observations demonstrate that the measured physical properties of 66P are consistent with other typical short-period comets and differ significantly from other MBCs. Therefore, 66P is unlikely to have a main belt origin.
description: 10 pages, 11 figures, to be published in A&A
Delay in recovery of the Antarctic ozone hole from unexpected CFC-11 emissions
Creators: name: Dhomse, S. S.
name: Feng, W.
name: Montzka, S. A.
name: Hossaini, R.
name: Keeble, J.
name: Pyle, J. A.
name: Daniel, J. S.
name: Chipperfield, M. P.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: Article
/704/106
/704/172
/704/172/169/824
article

description: Abstract: The Antarctic ozone hole is decreasing in size but this recovery will be affected by atmospheric variability and any unexpected changes in chlorinated source gas emissions. Here, using model simulations, we show that the ozone hole will largely cease to occur by 2065 given compliance with the Montreal Protocol. If the unusual meteorology of 2002 is repeated, an ozone-hole-free-year could occur as soon as the early 2020s by some metrics. The recently discovered increase in CFC-11 emissions of ~ 13 Gg yr−1 may delay recovery. So far the impact on ozone is small, but if these emissions indicate production for foam use much more CFC-11 may be leaked in the future. Assuming such production over 10 years, disappearance of the ozone hole will be delayed by a few years, although there are significant uncertainties. Continued, substantial future CFC-11 emissions of 67 Gg yr−1 would delay Antarctic ozone recovery by well over a decade.
Pseudosmittia joaquimvenancioi Messias et Oliveira
Creators: name: Ferrington Jr, Leonard C.
name: Saether, Ole A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Chironomidae
Pseudosmittia
Pseudosmittia joaquimvenancioi

description: Pseudosmittia joaquimvenancioi Messias et Oliveira
(Fig. 67 B, I, J)
 Bryophaenocladius joaquimvenancioi Messias et Oliveira, 2000:189.
 Pseudosmittia joaquimvenancioi (Messias et Oliveira), Wang, Andersen & Saether 2006: 19; Andersen, Saether & Mendes 2010: 45.
 Pseudosmittia digitata Saether, 1981: 25, pro parte.
 Material examined: BRAZIL: Rio de Janeiro State, Rio de Janeiro, FIOCRUZ Campus, holotype male, 26 iv 1992, Nùcleo de Chironomidae (IOC).
 Diagnostic characters: The imagines differ from other members of the genus by having an apical elongation of the third palpomere carrying 5–7 sensilla clavata.
 The male and female imagines are redescribed by Andersen et al. (2010: 45). It appears to be widespread in Central and South America.
description: Published as part of Ferrington Jr, Leonard C. & Saether, Ole A., 2011, A revision of the genera Pseudosmittia Edwards, 1932, Allocladius Kieffer, 1913, and Hydrosmittia gen. n. (Diptera: Chironomidae, Orthocladiinae) 2849, pp. 1-314 in Zootaxa 2849 (1) on page 184, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2849.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5288200
Additional file 1: of Understanding patient engagement in health system decision-making: a co-designed scoping review
Creators: name: McCarron, Tamara
name: Moffat, Karen
name: Wilkinson, Gloria
name: Zelinsky, Sandra
name: Boyd, Jamie
name: White, Deborah
name: Hassay, Derek
name: Lorenzetti, Diane
name: Marlett, Nancy
name: Noseworthy, Thomas
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Final MEDLINE Search Strategy. (DOCX 15 kb)
Addressing $γ$-ray emissions from dark matter annihilations in 45 milky way satellite galaxies and in extragalactic sources with particle dark matter models
Creators: name: Halder, Ashadul
name: Banerjee, Shibaji
name: Pandey, Madhurima
name: Majumdar, Debasish
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The mass to luminosity ratio of the dwarf satellite galaxies in the Milky Way suggests that these dwarf galaxies may contain substantial dark matter. The dark matter at the dense region such as within or at the vicinity of the centres of these dwarf galaxies may undergo the process of self annihilation and produce $γ$-rays as the end product. The satellite borne $γ$-ray telescope such as Fermi-LAT reported the detection of $γ$-rays from around 45 Dwarf Spheroidals (dSphs) of Milky Way. In this work, we consider particle dark matter models described in the literature and after studying their phenomenologies, we calculate the $γ$-ray fluxes from the self annihilation of the dark matter within the framework of these models in case of each of these 45 dSphs. we then compare the computed results with the observational upper bounds for $γ$-ray flux reported by Fermi-LAT and Dark Energy Survey (DES) for each of the 45 dSphs. The fluxes are calculated by adopting different dark matter density profiles. We then extend similar analysis for the observational upper bounds given by Fermi-LAT for the continuum $γ$-ray fluxes originating from extragalactic sources.
Applying time series analyses on continuous accelerometry data—A clinical example in older adults with and without cognitive impairment
Creators: name: Rackoll, Torsten
name: Neumann, Konrad
name: Passmann, Sven
name: Grittner, Ulrike
name: Külzow, Nadine
name: Ladenbauer, Julia
name: Flöel, Agnes
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Accelerometry
subject: Circadian Rhythm
subject: Cognitive Dysfunction
subject: Memory Consolidation
subject: Sleep
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Introduction: Many clinical studies reporting accelerometry data use sum score measures such as percentage of time spent in moderate to vigorous activity which do not provide insight into differences in activity patterns over 24 hours, and thus do not adequately depict circadian activity patterns. Here, we present an improved functional data analysis approach to model activity patterns and circadian rhythms from accelerometer data. As a use case, we demonstrated its application in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and age-matched healthy older volunteers (HOV). Methods: Data of two studies were pooled for this analysis. Following baseline cognitive assessment participants were provided with accelerometers for seven consecutive days. A function on scalar regression (FoSR) approach was used to analyze 24 hours accelerometer data. Results: Information on 48 HOV (mean age 65 SD 6 years) and 18 patients with MCI (mean age 70, SD 8 years) were available for this analysis. MCI patients displayed slightly lower activity in the morning hours (minimum relative activity at 6:05 am: -41.3%, 95% CI -64.7 to -2.5%, p = 0.031) and in the evening (minimum relative activity at 21:40 am: -48.4%, 95% CI -68.5 to 15.4%, p = 0.001) as compared to HOV after adjusting for age and sex. Discussion: Using a novel approach of FoSR, we found timeframes with lower activity levels in MCI patients compared to HOV which were not evident if sum scores of amount of activity were used, possibly indicating that changes in circadian rhythmicity in neurodegenerative disease are detectable using easy-to-administer accelerometry. Clinical trials: Effects of Brain Stimulation During Nocturnal Sleep on Memory Consolidation in Patients With Mild Cognitive Impairments, ClinicalTrial.gov identifier: NCT01782391. Effects of Brain Stimulation During a Daytime Nap on Memory Consolidation in Patients With Mild Cognitive Impairment, ClinicalTrial.gov identifier: NCT01782365.
Food scares and price volatility: the case of German and Spanish pig chains
Creators: name: Assefa, Tsion
name: Meuwissen, Miranda
name: Lansink, Alfons G.J.M.
name: Assefa, Tsion
name: Meuwissen, Miranda
name: Lansink, Alfons G.J.M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Price volatility
subject: food scares
subject: pig chain
subject: Germany
subject: Spain
subject: volatility impulse response functions.

description: With the liberalization of EU agricultural markets, EU farmers are increasingly exposed to global and local market shocks. A major source of market shocks in the livestock sector is animal food scare. By applying the recently developed methodology of volatility response functions of Hafner and Herwartz (2006), we investigated how news of selected food scares affected price volatilities in the German and Spanish pig chains. Overall, the results suggest that the size of the shock matters for price volatility to increase in response to news of a food scare. Our results confirm that if the shock is large enough, news of food scares do increase price volatility. The results highlight the importance of price risk insurance for non-infected farms given the current opportunity to benefit from EU premium subsidies for such type of insurance.
Transforming the German ICD-10 (ICD-10-GM) into Injury Severity Score (ISS)—Introducing a new method for automated re-coding
Creators: name: Niemann, Marcel
name: Märdian, Sven
name: Niemann, Pascal
name: Tetteh, Liv
name: Tsitsilonis, Serafeim
name: Braun, Karl F.
name: Stöckle, Ulrich
name: Graef, Frank
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Emergency Service, Hospital
subject: Hip Fractures
subject: Injury Severity Score
subject: International Classification of Diseases
subject: Observer Variation
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Background: While potentially timesaving, there is no program to automatically transform diagnosis codes of the ICD-10 German modification (ICD-10-GM) into the injury severity score (ISS). Objective: To develop a mapping method from ICD-10-GM into ICD-10 clinical modification (ICD-10-CM) to calculate the abbreviated injury scale (AIS) and ISS of each patient using the ICDPIC-R and to compare the manually and automatically calculated scores. Methods: Between January 2019 and June 2021, the most severe AIS of each body region and the ISS were manually calculated using medical documentation and radiology reports of all major trauma patients of a German level I trauma centre. The ICD-10-GM codes of these patients were exported from the electronic medical data system SAP, and a Java program was written to transform these into ICD-10-CM codes. Afterwards, the ICDPIC-R was used to automatically generate the most severe AIS of each body region and the ISS. The automatically and manually determined ISS and AIS scores were then tested for equivalence. Results: Statistical analysis revealed that the manually and automatically calculated ISS were significantly equivalent over the entire patient cohort. Further sub-group analysis, however, showed that equivalence could only be demonstrated for patients with an ISS between 16 and 24. Likewise, the highest AIS scores of each body region were not equal in the manually and automatically calculated group. Conclusion: Though achieving mapping results highly comparable to previous mapping methods of ICD-10-CM diagnosis codes, it is not unrestrictedly possible to automatically calculate the AIS and ISS using ICD-10-GM codes.
Screening of small molecules using the inhibition of oligomer formation in α-synuclein aggregation as a selection parameter
Creators: name: Staats, Roxine
name: Michaels, Thomas C. T.
name: Flagmeier, Patrick
name: Chia, Sean
name: Horne, Robert I.
name: Habchi, Johnny
name: Linse, Sara
name: Knowles, Tuomas P. J.
name: Dobson, Christopher M.
name: Vendruscolo, Michele
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Article
/631/154/309/507
/631/92/56
/9
article

description: Abstract: The aggregation of α-synuclein is a central event in Parkinsons’s disease and related synucleinopathies. Since pharmacologically targeting this process, however, has not yet resulted in approved disease-modifying treatments, there is an unmet need of developing novel methods of drug discovery. In this context, the use of chemical kinetics has recently enabled accurate quantifications of the microscopic steps leading to the proliferation of protein misfolded oligomers. As these species are highly neurotoxic, effective therapeutic strategies may be aimed at reducing their numbers. Here, we exploit this quantitative approach to develop a screening strategy that uses the reactive flux toward α-synuclein oligomers as a selection parameter. Using this approach, we evaluate the efficacy of a library of flavone derivatives, identifying apigenin as a compound that simultaneously delays and reduces the formation of α-synuclein oligomers. These results demonstrate a compound selection strategy based on the inhibition of the formation of α-synuclein oligomers, which may be key in identifying small molecules in drug discovery pipelines for diseases associated with α-synuclein aggregation.
Transport critical current of Solenoidal MgB2/Cu Coils Fabricated Using a Wind-Reaction In-situ Technique
Creators: name: Soltanian, S.
name: Horvat, J.
name: Wang, X. L.
name: Tomsic, M.
name: Dou, S. X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this letter, we report the results of transport Jc of solenoid coils upto 100 turns fabricated with Cu-sheathed MgB2 wires using a wind-reaction in-situ technique. Despite the low density of single core and some reaction between Mg and Cu-sheath, our results demonstrate the decrease in transport Jc with increasing length of MgB2 wires is insignificant. Solenoid coils with diameter as small as 10 mm can be readily fabricated using a wind-reaction in-situ technique. The Jc of coils is essentially the same as in the form of straight wires. A Jc of 133,000 A/cm2 and 125,000 A/cm2 at 4 K and self field has been achieved for a small coil wound using Cu-sheathed tape and Cu-sheathed wire respectively. These results indicate that the MgB2 wires have a great potential for lage scale applications
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, 1 table
Recent Advances in End-to-End Spoken Language Understanding
Creators: name: Tomashenko, Natalia
name: Caubriere, Antoine
name: Esteve, Yannick
name: Laurent, Antoine
name: Morin, Emmanuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This work investigates spoken language understanding (SLU) systems in the scenario when the semantic information is extracted directly from the speech signal by means of a single end-to-end neural network model. Two SLU tasks are considered: named entity recognition (NER) and semantic slot filling (SF). For these tasks, in order to improve the model performance, we explore various techniques including speaker adaptation, a modification of the connectionist temporal classification (CTC) training criterion, and sequential pretraining.
Fluid-membrane tethers: minimal surfaces and elastic boundary layers
Creators: name: Powers, Thomas R.
name: Huber, Greg
name: Goldstein, Raymond E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Thin cylindrical tethers are common lipid bilayer membrane structures, arising in situations ranging from micromanipulation experiments on artificial vesicles to the dynamic structure of the Golgi apparatus. We study the shape and formation of a tether in terms of the classical soap-film problem, which is applied to the case of a membrane disk under tension subject to a point force. A tether forms from the elastic boundary layer near the point of application of the force, for sufficiently large displacement. Analytic results for various aspects of the membrane shape are given.
description: 12 pages
On the Possibility of a Maize Green Revolution in the Highlands of Kenya: An Assessment of Emerging Intensive Farming Systems
Creators: name: Muraoka, Rie
name: Matsumoto, Tomoya
name: Jin, Songqing
name: Otsuka, Keijiro
name: Muraoka, Rie
name: Matsumoto, Tomoya
name: Jin, Songqing
name: Otsuka, Keijiro
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: International Development
subject: farming system
subject: agricultural intensification
subject: population pressure
subject: Maize
subject: green revolution
subject: Kenya

description: As population pressure on land grows rapidly in Kenya, rural farmers have started to intensify land use, which has lef to the emergence of a new maize farming system. The new system is characterized by the adoption of high-yielding maize varieties, the application of chemical fertilizer and manure produced by stall-fed improved dairy cows, and intercropping, especially the combination of maize and legumes. This study aims to explore the determinants of the new maize farming system and its impact on land productivity. We examine not only the impacts of new technologies and production practices but also the impact of the entire new maize farming system by generating an agricultural intensification index based on a principal component analysis. The estimation results show that a decrease in the land-labor ratio accelerates farming intensification, and that the adoption of each new technology and production practice has positive and significant impacts on land productivity. These findings are further supported by the significantly positive impacts of the agriculture intensification index on land productivity.
The COVID-19 Pandemic Affects Male Patients With Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria More Than Female Patients
Creators: name: Kulu, Huzeyfe
name: Atasoy, Mustafa
name: Özyurt, Kemal
name: Maurer, Marcus
name: Avcı, Atıl
name: Akkuş, Muhammet Reşat
name: Ertaş, Ragıp
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: chronic spontaneous urticaria
subject: chronic skin diseases
subject: COVID-19
subject: psoriasis
subject: pandemic (COVID19)
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic dramatically disrupts health care for patients with chronic diseases including chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU). As of now, it is unknown if the effects of the pandemic in CSU are different than in other chronic diseases. We also do not know, if different groups of CSU patients, for example female and male patients, are affected differently. Aim: To understand how CSU patients and subgroups are affected by the COVID-19 pandemic in their disease activity and control and treatment, using psoriasis as control. Patients and Methods: We analyzed 399 patients (450 visits) with CSU or psoriasis assessed during August 2019, i.e. before the pandemic, or August 2020, i.e. during the pandemic, for changes in disease activity, disease control, and the treatment they used, and how these changes are linked to age, gender, and disease duration. Results: Male but not female patients with CSU had markedly increased disease activity during the pandemic. CSU patients' age or disease duration were not linked to changes. Male and female patients with psoriasis showed similar increases in disease activity and decreases in disease control. The rate of omalizumab treatment, during the pandemic, was unchanged in male patients and increased in female patients with CSU. The efficacy of omalizumab treatment, during the pandemic, was reduced in male patients but not female patients with CSU. Conclusion: Male but not female CSU patients, during the COVID-19 pandemic, show loss of disease control linked to loss of omalizumab efficacy. The reasons for this need to be investigated.
Wellbeing and Resilience of Health Practitioner during The Coronavirus Pandemic
Creators: name: Dias, Maria Frani Ayu Andari
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: Ini merupakan slide presentasi yang disiapkan sangat sederhana untuk kegiatan belajar menyiapkan presentasi dan melakukan presentasi dalam Bahasa Inggris. Slide presentasi ini hanya dibut untuk kepentingan pembelajaran. Kredit artikel diberikan sepenuhnya kepada penulis artikel asli.
Pseudosmittia xanthostola
Creators: name: Ferrington Jr, Leonard C.
name: Saether, Ole A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Chironomidae
Pseudosmittia
Pseudosmittia xanthostola

description: Pseudosmittia xanthostola (Kieffer)
(Fig. 69 A–C)
 Dactylocladius xanthostolus Kieffer, 1911: 362.
 Dactylocladius heterostolus Kieffer, 1911: 363.
 Smittia melanostola (Kieffer), Freeman 1956: 357, pro parte.
 Pseudosmittia melanostola (Kieffer), Freeman & Cranston 1980: 186, pro parte.
 Pseudosmittia xanthostola (Kieffer), Saether 2004: 298.
 Material examined: SEYCHELLES: Mahé, Cascade Estate, lectotype male, iii. 1909, J. S. Gardiner (BMNH). Other material as in Saether (2004: 298).
 Diagnostic characters: The imagines are characterized by having a strong apical seta in both sexes, 12–14 scalpellate sensilla clavata located subapically on the third palpomere, postcubitus forked in both sexes, 16–20 dorsocentrals and 9–15 setae on the clypeus. The male imago is easily recognized by the sharply triangular large and dark anal point and the extremely long digitiform volsella (Fig. 69 A). The female can be separated from the very similar females of Pseudosmittia brevifurcata by having a distinct postcubital fork and a posterior group of only 5–6 prealar setae in addition to being smaller in size.
The male and female imagines are redescribed by Saether (2004: 298).
 Ecology and distribution
The species has been collected from seaweed and in a mangrove area, and larvae are likely to live in the intertidal zone. The species is known only from the Seychelles.
description: Published as part of Ferrington Jr, Leonard C. & Saether, Ole A., 2011, A revision of the genera Pseudosmittia Edwards, 1932, Allocladius Kieffer, 1913, and Hydrosmittia gen. n. (Diptera: Chironomidae, Orthocladiinae) 2849, pp. 1-314 in Zootaxa 2849 (1) on pages 186-188, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2849.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5288200
On the Possibility of a Maize Green Revolution in the Highlands of Kenya: An Assessment of Emerging Intensive Farming Systems
Creators: name: Muraoka, Rie
name: Matsumoto, Tomoya
name: Jin, Songqing
name: Otsuka, Keijiro
name: Muraoka, Rie
name: Matsumoto, Tomoya
name: Jin, Songqing
name: Otsuka, Keijiro
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Farm Management
subject: Farming system
subject: agricultural intensification
subject: population pressure
subject: Maize
subject: green revolution
subject: Kenya

description: As population pressure on land grows rapidly in Kenya, rural farmers have started to intensify land use, which has lef to the emergence of a new maize farming system. The new system is characterized by the adoption of high-yielding maize varieties, the application of chemical fertilizer and manure produced by stall-fed improved dairy cows, and intercropping, especially the combination of maize and legumes. This study aims to explore the determinants of the new maize farming system and its impact on land productivity. We examine not only the impacts of new technologies and production practices but also the impact of the entire new maize farming system by generating an agricultural intensification index based on a principal component analysis. The estimation results show that a decrease in the land-labor ratio accelerates farming intensification, and that the adoption of each new technology and production practice has positive and significant impacts on land productivity. These findings are further supported by the significantly positive impacts of the agriculture intensification index on land productivity.
Additional file 1: of Proceedings of the 2017 Advancing the Science of Community Engaged Research (CEnR) Conference
Creators: name: Richmond, Al
name: Aguilar-Gaxiola, Sergio
name: ElisĂŠo Perez-Stable
name: Menon, Usha
name: Chanita Hughes-Halbert
name: Karriem Watson
name: Greer-Smith, Regina
name: Clyatt, Courtney
name: Tobin, Jonathan N.
name: Wilkins, Consuelo H.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: 2017- The 2017 Advancing the Science of Community Engaged Research (CEnR) Innovative & Effective Methods of Stakeholder Engagement in Translational Research Conference Program. (PDF 8420 kb)
Low airborne tenacity and spread of ESBL-/AmpC-producing Escherichia coli from fertilized soil by wind erosion
Creators: name: Siller, Paul
name: Daehre, Katrin
name: Rosen, Kerstin
name: Münch, Steffen
name: Bartel, Alexander
name: Funk, Roger
name: Nübel, Ulrich
name: Amon, Thomas
name: Roesler, Uwe
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: fehlen
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: ESBL-/AmpC-producing Escherichia coli from organic fertilizers were previously detected on soil surfaces of arable land and might be emitted by wind erosion. To investigate this potential environmental transmission path, we exposed ESBL-/AmpC-positive chicken litter, incorporated in agricultural soils, to different wind velocities in a wind tunnel and took air samples for microbiological analysis. No data exist concerning the airborne tenacity of ESBL-/AmpC-producing E. coli. Therefore, we explored the tenacity of two ESBL/AmpC E. coli strains and E. coli K12 in aerosol chamber experiments at different environmental conditions. In the wind tunnel, ESBL/AmpC-producing E. coli were detected in none of the air samples (n = 66). Non-resistant E. coli were qualitatively detected in 40.7% of air samples taken at wind velocities exceeding 7.3 m s(-1). Significantly increased emission of total viable bacteria with increasing wind velocity was observed. In the aerosol chamber trials, recovery rates of airborne E. coli ranged from 0.003% to 2.8%, indicating a low airborne tenacity. Concluding, an emission of ESBL/AmpC E. coli by wind erosion in relevant concentrations appears unlikely because of the low concentration in chicken litter compared with non-resistant E. coli and their low airborne tenacity, proven in the aerosol chamber trials.
Additional file 2: of Proceedings of the 2017 Advancing the Science of Community Engaged Research (CEnR) Conference
Creators: name: Richmond, Al
name: Aguilar-Gaxiola, Sergio
name: ElisĂŠo Perez-Stable
name: Menon, Usha
name: Chanita Hughes-Halbert
name: Karriem Watson
name: Greer-Smith, Regina
name: Clyatt, Courtney
name: Tobin, Jonathan N.
name: Wilkins, Consuelo H.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Transcripts of full meeting reports, annotated by slide set numbers to corresponding presenters PowerPoint Presentations. (PDF 116000 kb)
On the origin of the torus and jet-like structures in the centre of Crab Nebula
Creators: name: Bogovalov, S. V.
name: Khangoulian, D. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The formation of the toroidal and jet-like structures in the central part of the Crab Nebula is explained in the framework of Kennel & Coroniti theory. The only new element introduced by us in this theory is the initial anisotropy of the energy flux in the wind. We estimate the X-ray surface brightness of the Crab Nebula from the region of interaction of this wind with the interstellar medium and compare it with observations.
description: 7 pages, 1 figure. accepted to MNRAS
A KHDC3L mutation resulting in recurrent hydatidiform mole causes genome-wide DNA methylation loss in oocytes and persistent imprinting defects post-fertilisation
Creators: name: Demond, Hannah
name: Anvar, Zahra
name: Jahromi, Bahia Namavar
name: Sparago, Angela
name: Verma, Ankit
name: Davari, Maryam
name: Calzari, Luciano
name: Russo, Silvia
name: Jahromi, Mojgan Akbarzadeh
name: Monk, David
name: Andrews, Simon
name: Riccio, Andrea
name: Kelsey, Gavin
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: Research
Epigenetics
DNA methylation
Genomic imprinting
Single-cell analysis
Oocytes
Embryos

description: Abstract: Background: Maternal effect mutations in the components of the subcortical maternal complex (SCMC) of the human oocyte can cause early embryonic failure, gestational abnormalities and recurrent pregnancy loss. Enigmatically, they are also associated with DNA methylation abnormalities at imprinted genes in conceptuses: in the devastating gestational abnormality biparental complete hydatidiform mole (BiCHM) or in multi-locus imprinting disease (MLID). However, the developmental timing, genomic extent and mechanistic basis of these imprinting defects are unknown. The rarity of these disorders and the possibility that methylation defects originate in oocytes have made these questions very challenging to address. Methods: Single-cell bisulphite sequencing (scBS-seq) was used to assess methylation in oocytes from a patient with BiCHM identified to be homozygous for an inactivating mutation in the human SCMC component KHDC3L. Genome-wide methylation analysis of a preimplantation embryo and molar tissue from the same patient was also performed. Results: High-coverage scBS-seq libraries were obtained from five KHDC3Lc.1A>G oocytes, which revealed a genome-wide deficit of DNA methylation compared with normal human oocytes. Importantly, germline differentially methylated regions (gDMRs) of imprinted genes were affected similarly to other sequence features that normally become methylated in oocytes, indicating no selectivity towards imprinted genes. A range of methylation losses was observed across genomic features, including gDMRs, indicating variable sensitivity to defects in the SCMC. Genome-wide analysis of a pre-implantation embryo and molar tissue from the same patient showed that following fertilisation methylation defects at imprinted genes persist, while most non-imprinted regions of the genome recover near-normal methylation post-implantation. Conclusions: We show for the first time that the integrity of the SCMC is essential for de novo methylation in the female germline. These findings have important implications for understanding the role of the SCMC in DNA methylation and for the origin of imprinting defects, for counselling affected families, and will help inform future therapeutic approaches.
Large Scale Structures, Symmetry, and Universality in Sandpiles
Creators: name: Hughes, David
name: Paczuski, Maya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a sandpile model where, at each unstable site, all grains are transferred randomly to downstream neighbors. The model is local and conservative, but not Abelian. This does not appear to change the universality class for the avalanches in the self-organized critical state. It does, however, introduce long-range spatial correlations within the metastable states. We find large scale networks of occupied sites whose density vanishes in the thermodynamic limit, for d>1.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. Lett
M-Library: the library in your pocket
Creators: name: KHAN, IMRAN
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Library and Information Studies
subject: FOS: Media and communications
subject: 80799 Library and Information Studies not elsewhere classified
subject: 80706 Librarianship

description: Khan, Imran. (2012). M-Library: the library in your pocket. Journal of Library Management 1(1-2): pp. 9-23 (ISSN: 2278-5523).
On the Determinants of High Productivity in Rice Farming in Irrigated Areas in Senegal: Efficiency of Large-Scale bs. Small-Scale Irrigation Schemes
Creators: name: Sakurai, Takeshi
name: Sakurai, Takeshi
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Large-scale irrigation schemes
subject: small-scale irrigation schemes
subject: productivity
subject: rice farming
subject: senegal River Valley

description: Irrigated rice farming in the Senegal River Valley is known to be highly productive, as indicated by the average yield of nearly 5 tons per hectare, and the extensive adoption of modern seed-fertilizer technology. This study seeks to understand why rice farming is so productive in this region; analyzing this situation from the viewpoint of the management efficiency of large versus small scale irrigation schemes. Contrary to popular belief, the study found that farmers in large-scale irrigation schemes achieve significantly higher yields and profits than those in small-scale irrigation schemes
Expanded Hemodialysis Therapy Ameliorates Uremia-Induced Systemic Microinflammation and Endothelial Dysfunction by Modulating VEGF, TNF-α and AP-1 Signaling
Creators: name: Catar, Rusan
name: Moll, Guido
name: Kamhieh-Milz, Julian
name: Luecht, Christian
name: Chen, Lei
name: Zhao, Hongfan
name: Ernst, Lucas
name: Willy, Kevin
name: Girndt, Matthias
name: Fiedler, Roman
name: Witowski, Janusz
name: Morawietz, Henning
name: Ringdén, Olle
name: Dragun, Duska
name: Eckardt, Kai-Uwe
name: Schindler, Ralf
name: Zickler, Daniel
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: cardiovascular disease
subject: endothelial cell (dys)function
subject: expanded hemodialysis therapy
subject: chronic kidney disease
subject: end-stage renal disease
subject: uremic toxins
subject: systemic microinflammation
subject: tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha)
subject: vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Systemic chronic microinflammation and altered cytokine signaling, with adjunct cardiovascular disease (CVD), endothelial maladaptation and dysfunction is common in dialysis patients suffering from end-stage renal disease and associated with increased morbidity and mortality. New hemodialysis filters might offer improvements. We here studied the impact of novel improved molecular cut-off hemodialysis filters on systemic microinflammation, uremia and endothelial dysfunction. Human endothelial cells (ECs) were incubated with uremic serum obtained from patients treated with two different hemodialysis regimens in the Permeability Enhancement to Reduce Chronic Inflammation (PERCI-II) crossover clinical trial, comparing High-Flux (HF) and Medium Cut-Off (MCO) membranes, and then assessed for their vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) production and angiogenesis. Compared to HF membranes, dialysis with MCO membranes lead to a reduction in proinflammatory mediators and reduced endothelial VEGF production and angiogenesis. Cytokine multiplex screening identified tumor necrosis factor (TNF) superfamily members as promising targets. The influence of TNF-alpha and its soluble receptors (sTNF-R1 and sTNF-R2) on endothelial VEGF promoter activation, protein release, and the involved signaling pathways was analyzed, revealing that this detrimental signaling was indeed induced by TNF-alpha and mediated by AP-1/c-FOS signaling. In conclusion, uremic toxins, in particular TNF-signaling, promote endothelial maladaptation, VEGF expression and aberrant angiogenesis, which can be positively modulated by dialysis with novel MCO membranes.
On the Possibility of Rice Green Revolution in Irrigated and Rainfed Areas in Tanzania: An Assessment of Management Training and Credit Programs
Creators: name: Nakano, Yuko
name: Kajisa, Kei
name: Otsuka, Keijiro
name: Nakano, Yuko
name: Kajisa, Kei
name: Otsuka, Keijiro
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Rice production
subject: Tanzania
subject: Adoption of new technology
subject: impact on productivity
subject: agronomic practices
subject: training

description: In order to develop a strategy for a rice Green Revolution in sub-Saharan Africa, this study investigates the determinants of the adoption of new technologies and their impact on productivity of rice cultivation. We analyzed two kinds of data sets collected in Tanzania: a nationally representative cross-sectional data and a three-year panel data of irrigated farmers in one district. We found that not only irrigation but also agronomic practices taught by training play key roles in increasing the adoption of modern technologies and the productivity of rice farming
Evaluating Horse Owner Expertise and Professional Use of Auxiliary Reins during Horse Riding
Creators: name: Gehlen, Heidrun
name: Puhlmann, Julia
name: Merle, Roswitha
name: Thöne-Reineke, Christa
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: horse
subject: training
subject: auxiliary reins
subject: draw reins
subject: sliding ring martingale
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::630 Landwirtschaft::630 Landwirtschaft und verwandte Bereiche

description: Auxiliary reins are commonly used for the training of riders and horses as well as in daily training. They are often criticized when used incorrectly, as they will not help and can harm the horse by causing overwork, accidents, and injuries, which harm the horse in the long term. They also often conceal causal rider problems while trying to achieve quick success. The aim of this paper was to investigate, with an online horse-owner questionnaire, which and how often auxiliary reins were used and whether they were used appropriately. Only participants who were currently using auxiliary reins were selected. Consequently, 823 participants were questioned, of which 362 were currently using auxiliary reins at least every two weeks. Auxiliary reins were mainly used according to their discipline: the running side rein was the most popular when working from the ground and the sliding ring martingale was the most popular for ridden equestrian activities. Most of the test subjects only attached the auxiliary reins after the warm-up phase, but half of the participants did not change them during the entire training session. Most participants (75%) could at least identify what the correct head position of the horse should look like. However, there were still too many (50%) who adjusted their horse too tightly and did not change anything at that time despite the related breathing problems. The study found that most participants used the reins responsibly, but there is still a need for clarification and information relating to the functions of the different auxiliary reins among horse owners.
Genetic architecture of host proteins involved in SARS-CoV-2 infection
Creators: name: Pietzner, Maik
name: Wheeler, Eleanor
name: Carrasco-Zanini, Julia
name: Raffler, Johannes
name: Kerrison, Nicola D.
name: Oerton, Erin
name: Auyeung, Victoria P. W.
name: Luan, Jian’an
name: Finan, Chris
name: Casas, Juan P.
name: Ostroff, Rachel
name: Williams, Steve A.
name: Kastenmüller, Gabi
name: Ralser, Markus
name: Gamazon, Eric R.
name: Wareham, Nicholas J.
name: Hingorani, Aroon D.
name: Langenberg, Claudia
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Article
/631/208
/692/53
/45
/45/61
/82/80
article

description: Funder: Medical Research Council
description: Abstract: Understanding the genetic architecture of host proteins interacting with SARS-CoV-2 or mediating the maladaptive host response to COVID-19 can help to identify new or repurpose existing drugs targeting those proteins. We present a genetic discovery study of 179 such host proteins among 10,708 individuals using an aptamer-based technique. We identify 220 host DNA sequence variants acting in cis (MAF 0.01-49.9%) and explaining 0.3-70.9% of the variance of 97 of these proteins, including 45 with no previously known protein quantitative trait loci (pQTL) and 38 encoding current drug targets. Systematic characterization of pQTLs across the phenome identified protein-drug-disease links and evidence that putative viral interaction partners such as MARK3 affect immune response. Our results accelerate the evaluation and prioritization of new drug development programmes and repurposing of trials to prevent, treat or reduce adverse outcomes. Rapid sharing and detailed interrogation of results is facilitated through an interactive webserver (https://omicscience.org/apps/covidpgwas/).
Phase diagram and thermal Hall conductivity of spin-liquid Kekulé-Kitaev model
Creators: name: Mirmojarabian, Fatemeh
name: Kargarian, Mehdi
name: Langari, Abdollah
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we study the phase diagram of Kekulé-Kitaev model. The model is defined on a honeycomb lattice with bond dependent anisotropic exchange interactions making it exactly solvable in terms of Majorana representation of spins in close analogy to the Kitaev model. However, the energy spectrum of Majorana fermions has a multi-band structure characterized by Chern numbers 0, $\pm$1, and $\pm2$. We obtained the phase diagram of the model in the plane of exchange couplings and in the presence of a magnetic field and found chiral topological and trivial spin-liquid ground states. In the absence of magnetic field most part of the phase diagram is a trivial gapped phase continuously connected to an Abelian phase, while in the presence of the magnetic field a topological phase arises. Furthermore, motivated by recent thermal measurements on the spin-liquid candidate $α$-RuCl$_{3}$, we calculated the thermal Hall conductivity at different regimes of parameters and temperatures and found the latter is quantized over a wide range of temperatures.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
title: Alltagskulturelle Aneignungen
Creators: name: Berg, Olaf
Publisher: name: ZZF - Centre for Contemporary History: Visual History
Year: 2021

description: Der Verlust der Kontrolle über die Bilder ist nicht nur als ethische Katastrophe zu denken, sondern auch als Bedingung für neue Formen visueller Auseinandersetzung mit Bildern und der Kommunikation durch Bilder.
EU farmers' intentions to invest in 2014-2020: complementarity between asset classes
Creators: name: Lefebvre, M.
name: Gomez Y Paloma, Sergio
name: Viaggi, D.
name: Lefebvre, M.
name: Gomez Y Paloma, Sergio
name: Viaggi, D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Investment
subject: Agriculture
subject: Willingness to invest
subject: EU
subject: multivariate probit

description: This article aims to analyse the determinants of EU farmers' intentions to invest in the period 2014-2020. It analysed data of a survey of 780 farmers interviewed in spring 2013, covering 6 EU countries (Czech Republic, Germany, Spain, France, Italy, Poland) and four different farm types (arable crops, livestock, perennial crops and mixed farms). A multivariate probit model is used in order to determine the factors explaining the willingness to invest or not to invest in various farm asset classes (land, building, machinery, training) by the surveyed farmers. The multivariate probit allows taking into account the possibility of simultaneous investments and the potential correlations among these investment decisions. We find that investments in different asset classes are complementary. Farmers willing to invest in one asset class are also willing to invest in other asset classes, after controlling for observable characteristics such as farm size, specialization, farmer's age. This paper contributes to the limited literature on farmers' investment decisions at EU level.
A 5700 year-old human genome and oral microbiome from chewed birch pitch
Creators: name: Jensen, Theis Z. T.
name: Niemann, Jonas
name: Iversen, Katrine Højholt
name: Fotakis, Anna K.
name: Gopalakrishnan, Shyam
name: Vågene, Åshild J.
name: Pedersen, Mikkel Winther
name: Sinding, Mikkel-Holger S.
name: Ellegaard, Martin R.
name: Allentoft, Morten E.
name: Lanigan, Liam T.
name: Taurozzi, Alberto J.
name: Nielsen, Sofie Holtsmark
name: Dee, Michael W.
name: Mortensen, Martin N.
name: Christensen, Mads C.
name: Sørensen, Søren A.
name: Collins, Matthew J.
name: Gilbert, M. Thomas P.
name: Sikora, Martin
name: Rasmussen, Simon
name: Schroeder, Hannes
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: Article
/631/208/212/2142
/631/208/457
/631/208/514/1948
/706/689/19/27
/45/23
article

description: Abstract: The rise of ancient genomics has revolutionised our understanding of human prehistory but this work depends on the availability of suitable samples. Here we present a complete ancient human genome and oral microbiome sequenced from a 5700 year-old piece of chewed birch pitch from Denmark. We sequence the human genome to an average depth of 2.3× and find that the individual who chewed the pitch was female and that she was genetically more closely related to western hunter-gatherers from mainland Europe than hunter-gatherers from central Scandinavia. We also find that she likely had dark skin, dark brown hair and blue eyes. In addition, we identify DNA fragments from several bacterial and viral taxa, including Epstein-Barr virus, as well as animal and plant DNA, which may have derived from a recent meal. The results highlight the potential of chewed birch pitch as a source of ancient DNA.