cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Daimachus sudindicus Viraktamath & Webb 2019, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Viraktamath, C. A.
name: Webb, M. D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Cicadellidae
Daimachus
Daimachus sudindicus

description: Daimachus sudindicus sp. nov.
Figs 2 A–H, 3M, 4D, 5I–L, 9A–F.
Colouration and structure as in generic description. In some specimens veins marked with brown. Forewing 2.4x as long as wide. Some individuals with hind wings well-developed.
Male genitalia. Pygofer dorsal margin declivous and concave, posterior margin almost truncate, not bilobed. Subgenital plate held vertically, in lateral view broadened posteriorly with rounded apex and with basal transverse suture. Style with anterior part shorter than posterior part, with apex of apophysis broad. Connective with stem as long as arms and with narrow apex. Aedeagus with well-developed dorsal apodeme, aedeagal shaft dorsally curved near base and then strongly anteriorly recurved with two triangular projections, one on dorsal surface near base and another much larger on ventral surface subapically, gonopore apical, shaft apex widened with lateral angles produced and horn-like, held in tubular anterior projection of segment X. Sternite of segment X produced into short posterior and much longer anterior projections.
Female genitalia. Sternite VII more narrowly V-shaped compared to other species (Fig. 4D). Valvula II as in D. robustus (Fig. 5L).
Measurements. Male 3.4–3.5 mm long, 1.1–1.2 mm wide across eyes and 1.0– 1.1 mm wide across posterolateral angles of pronotum. Female 3.1–3.5 mm long, 1.1–1.2 mm wide across eyes and 0.9–1.0 mm wide across posterolateral angles of pronotum.
Material examined. Holotype ♂, INDIA: Kerala: Kasargod, Periya, 15m, 12 o 15.383’N, 0 75 o 07.035’ E, 29.ix.2011, Yeshwanth, H. M., Sweep net, ex grasses (UASB). Paratypes: 13 ♂, 11 ♀, data as for holotype; 1 ♂, 1 ♀, same data as holotype except Srikanth, Sweep net; 1 ♀ same data as holotype except A.N. Reddy; 1 ♂, INDIA: Karnataka: Gulbarga 454m, 06.ix.1980, at light, ARV Kumar (BMNH, NBAIR, NPC, UASB).
Etymology. The species name refers to the area of distribution of the species as presently known, i.e., South India.
Remarks. This species occurs in two forms, one with hind wings well developed (macropterous) and another with hind wings absent (brachypterous). These forms differ morphologically as indicated in the genus description as far as the structure of the forewings and the thorax are concerned. D. sudindicus closely resembles the sympatric D. robustus but differs in being more slender and longer in addition to the characters of the male genitalia. This species is unique among the known species of Daimachus in having triangular projections on both dorsal and ventral surfaces of the aedeagal shaft.
description: Published as part of Viraktamath, C. A. & Webb, M. D., 2019, Revision of the Ulopinae leafhoppers (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) of the Indian subcontinent, I. Ulopini genera: Daimachus, Radhades and Ulopsina, pp. 557-577 in Zootaxa 4613 (3) on page 562, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4613.3.8, http://zenodo.org/record/3239923
Ulopsina (Indoulopa) Viraktamath & Webb 2019, subgen. nov.
Creators: name: Viraktamath, C. A.
name: Webb, M. D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Cicadellidae
Ulopsina

description: Ulopsina (Indoulopa) subgen. nov.
Type species: Ulopsina (Indoulopa) himalayana sp. nov.
Externally very similar to Ulopsina (Ulopsina).
Male pygofer without posterior constriction separating posterior lobe. Valve laterally with posterior margin produced and conically rounded, articulating with subgenital plates. Subgenital plate depressed, held in horizontal plane. Style gracile with series of narrow setae on lateral margin, narrowed distally and with obliquely truncate apex. Aedeagus with well-developed dorsal apodeme, rest divided into basal well-sclerotized theca and distal less sclerotized endotheca separated by constriction, without processes
Remarks. This subgenus is externally similar to Ulopsina (Ulopsina) but differs in the male genitalia. It may prove to be a genus distinct from Ulopsina but for the time being is considered as its subgenus till more material becomes available. In both the male specimens of the type species dissected had the vesica completely everted, however, less sclerotized vesica suggest that it is retractable into theca.
description: Published as part of Viraktamath, C. A. & Webb, M. D., 2019, Revision of the Ulopinae leafhoppers (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) of the Indian subcontinent, I. Ulopini genera: Daimachus, Radhades and Ulopsina, pp. 557-577 in Zootaxa 4613 (3) on page 565, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4613.3.8, http://zenodo.org/record/3239923
Ulopsina (Indoulopa) himalayana Viraktamath & Webb 2019, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Viraktamath, C. A.
name: Webb, M. D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Cicadellidae
Ulopsina
Ulopsina himalayana

description: Ulopsina (Indoulopa) himalayana sp. nov.
Figs 3 D–H, 11A–G.
Colouration and structure as in generic description.
Male genitalia. Pygofer dorsal margin declivous in posterior half, ventral margin rounded, posterodorsal region angularly produced, without macrosetae and selectively pigmented in anterior and dorsal regions (Fig. 11A, hatched areas), anterior margins with dorsal and ventral apodemes. Subgenital plate of uniform width for most part and with conically rounded apex. Aedeagus posteriorly projected, endotheca extending to apices of horizontal subgenital plates.
Measurements. Male 5.4 mm long, 2.3 mm wide across eyes and 1.9 mm wide across posterolateral angels of pronotum.
Material examined. INDIA: West Bengal: Holotype ♂, Darjeeling (BMNH). Paratype ♂, Kurseong (BMNH).
Remarks. Ulopsina (Indoulopa) himalayana very much resembles U. (U.) sinica externally, but differs in the male genitalia characters as discussed under the genus.
description: Published as part of Viraktamath, C. A. & Webb, M. D., 2019, Revision of the Ulopinae leafhoppers (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) of the Indian subcontinent, I. Ulopini genera: Daimachus, Radhades and Ulopsina, pp. 557-577 in Zootaxa 4613 (3) on page 565, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4613.3.8, http://zenodo.org/record/3239923
Stygnidius guerinii Soerensen 1932
Creators: name: Pinto-Da-Rocha, Ricardo
name: Tourinho, Ana Lúcia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Opiliones
Stygnidae
Stygnidius
Stygnidius guerinii

description: Stygnidius guerinii Soerensen, 1932
New records: BRAZIL. Amazonas: Parque Nacional do Jaú (01-54’16”S-61-25’48”W), male and female (MZSP); Rio Juruá, Lago Tamanigua, 25.IX.2003, Felipe Rego leg. female (INPA-158); Interflúvio Madeira-Purus, Careiro, Campina Tupana close to the Tupana river, 4°54'51" S 61°06'33" W, GEOMA2, area 2, 10. VII.2007, E.H. Wienkoski leg, males 6 females (INPA-OP 785); idem GEOMA2, area 2, E.H.Wienkoski leg, female (INPA-OP 784); idem, GEOMA2 area 2, 17. VII.2007, E.H.Wienkoski leg, female (INPA-OP 782); idem, GEOMA2, area2, 15.VII.2006, E.H.Wienkoski leg., male, 9 females (INPA-OP 787); idem,GEOMA2, area2, 15.VII.2006, E.H.Wienkoski leg., 3 females (INPA-OP 783).
Distribution: Until this report, S. guerinii has been recorded only in the type locality (Cayenne, French Guiana). The new records here presented extend the distribution to northern Brazil (Rio Negro basin, Rio Juruá Basin).
description: Published as part of Pinto-Da-Rocha, Ricardo & Tourinho, Ana Lúcia, 2012, Two new genera, ten new species and new records of Amazonian Stygnidae Simon, 1879 (Opiliones: Laniatores), pp. 1-28 in Zootaxa 3340 on page 4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.281385
Minax tetraspinosus
Creators: name: Pinto-Da-Rocha, Ricardo
name: Tourinho, Ana Lúcia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Opiliones
Stygnidae
Minax
Minax tetraspinosus

description: Minax tetraspinosus Pinto-da-Rocha, 1997
Material examined: Brazil, Amazonas, São Gabriel da Cachoeira (pico da Neblina, 400 m. a.s.l.), 25.IX.2007, A. Nogueira & D. Candiani leg., male and female (INPA-OP 915).
Note. This species is recorded for the first time in Brazil. However, it has been recorded in the same mountain chain on the Venezuelan side.
description: Published as part of Pinto-Da-Rocha, Ricardo & Tourinho, Ana Lúcia, 2012, Two new genera, ten new species and new records of Amazonian Stygnidae Simon, 1879 (Opiliones: Laniatores), pp. 1-28 in Zootaxa 3340 on page 4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.281385
Protimesius longipalpis Roewer 1943
Creators: name: Pinto-Da-Rocha, Ricardo
name: Tourinho, Ana Lúcia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Opiliones
Stygnidae
Protimesius
Protimesius longipalpis

description: Protimesius longipalpis (Roewer, 1943)
New records: Brazil. Amazonas: Manaus, PDBFF-A073, female (INPA-91); idem, F. Rego leg, male (IBUT- 5768); idem, female (IBUT-5769); idem, male (IBUT-5770); idem, male (IBUT-5747); male (INPA-053); female (INPA-79); RDS Uacari (right margin Rio Juruá, near rio Bauana), F. Röhe, 1–16.XI.2006, male, female (INPA); Interflúvio Madeira-Purus, Careiro, Campina Tupana close to the Tupana river, (4°54'51" S; 61°06'33" W), 16. VII.2007, 2 males, female (INPA-OP 774); the same, 17. VII.2007, female (INPA-OP 0778); the same, 15.VII.2006, E.H.Wienkoski leg., female (INPA-OP 0777); the same, 23.VII.2006, E.H.Wienkoski leg., female (INPA-OP 0776); the same, 8.VII.2006, E.H.Wienkoski leg., female (INPA-OP 0775); São Francisco, Cacual (Rio Solimões), - 3,902 S - 63,415 W, F. Rego leg., 23.IX.2003, female (INPA-221); female (INPA-98); Rio Preto da Eva, T7P1, km98 AM010, 12.I.2006, A.L.Tourinho, R. Saturnino & F. Röhe (INPA-OP 1079);
Distribution: P. longipalpis has been recorded only in the city of Manaus (Brazil, Amazonas); the present records extend the distribution to Rio Solimões/Amazonas.
description: Published as part of Pinto-Da-Rocha, Ricardo & Tourinho, Ana Lúcia, 2012, Two new genera, ten new species and new records of Amazonian Stygnidae Simon, 1879 (Opiliones: Laniatores), pp. 1-28 in Zootaxa 3340 on page 16, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.281385
Trimuricea africana Gordon 1926
Creators: name: Samimi-Namin, Kaveh
name: Van Ofwegen, Leen P.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Cnidaria
Anthozoa
Alcyonacea
Plexauridae
Trimuricea
Trimuricea africana

description: Trimuricea africana Gordon, 1926
(Figs. 2–3, 4 a)
Trimuricea africana Gordon, 1926: 519 –520: Pl. I. figs. 5, 5a.
Material: BMNH 1933.5.3.102, holotype, Portuguese East Africa (= Mozambique), station 2.
Description (colony shape after Gordon 1926). The holotype is 9 cm high and 4.5 cm wide, branched in one plane and without anastomoses (Fig. 4 a). The calyces are dome shaped, closely set together, and situated all around the branches. They are low, usually under 0.5 mm tall, with a diameter of up to 1 mm. Each polyp point has two pairs of triradiates, and there is one row of flattened spindles in the collaret.
The triradiates (Fig. 2 a), along with curved, hockeystick or boot-shaped sclerites, or spindles (Fig. 2 b) of the points are of similar length, 0.10–0.25 mm long; the upper ray of the triradiates and the upper part of the spindles is slightly echinulate for over a length up to 0.15 mm. Collaret spindles are 0.15–0.30 mm long (Fig. 2 c). These polyp sclerites have very few tubercles. Tentacles have a few curved, or boot-shaped scales up to 0.10 mm long (Fig. 2 d).
The calyces have thornscales, 0.10–0.30 mm long, with one or several smooth thorns up to 0.10 mm long (Fig. 3 a–b).
The coenenchyme has both simple and unilaterally spinose spindles, 0.30–1 mm long, with simple or complex tubercles (Figs. 2 e, 3c).
Colour. The preserved colony is white, the sclerites are colourless. There is no information about the colour of the live colony and polyps.
Remarks. This species is unique in the genus Trimuricea having a colony without anastomoses and many unilateral spinose spindles in the coenenchyme. Trimuricea omanensis n. sp., and Trimuricea tuberculosa n. sp. also have some spindles in the coenenchyme that superficially resemble unilateral spinose spindles but their colony has many anastomoses and these spindles are far shorter than those in T. africana. This species has by far the longest spindles reported for the genus, up to 1 mm long.
Gordon (1926: Pl. 1 Fig. 5) depicted only part of the holotype, and her description of the polyp arrangement is incomplete as no mention at all is made about the presence of curved, hockeystick or boot-shaped sclerites in the points.
description: Published as part of Samimi-Namin, Kaveh & Van Ofwegen, Leen P., 2016, A revision of Trimuricea Gordon, 1926 (Cnidaria: Octocorallia: Plexauridae) with the description of six new species, pp. 1-44 in Zootaxa 4105 (1) on page 5, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4105.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/271230
Trimuricea bicolor Samimi-Namin & Ofwegen, 2016, n. sp.
Creators: name: Samimi-Namin, Kaveh
name: Van Ofwegen, Leen P.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Cnidaria
Anthozoa
Alcyonacea
Plexauridae
Trimuricea
Trimuricea bicolor

description: Trimuricea bicolor n. sp.
(Figs. 4 b, 5–6, 30b)
Material: Holotype, RMNH Coel. 39860, Buginesia Prog. UNHAS-NNM 1994/1995, Indonesia, SW Sulawesi, Spermonde Archipelago, SW of Kudingareng Keke (= 14 km WNW of Ujungpandang), 5° 06ʹ S, 119° 17ʹ E, coral reef; scuba diving, coll. B.W. Hoeksema, 5 September 1994.
Description. The holotype is 10 cm high and 11 cm wide, branched in one plane, and a few anastomoses are present (Fig. 4 b). The stem is 1 cm long, 0.5 cm thick and partly devoid of coenenchyme. The branches are only 2–3 mm thick and the terminal twigs up to 4 cm long. The calyces are dome shaped, up to 1 mm high and wide, closely set together and situated all around the branches.
The points have triradiates (Fig. 5 a), along with curved, hockeystick or boot-shaped sclerites, or spindles (Fig. 5 b), 0.10–0.20 mm long. The upper ray of the triradiates and upper part of the spindles is slightly echinulate for up to 0.15 mm. The collaret spindles are 0.25–0.30 mm long (Fig. 5 c); the middle part of the convex side is slightly more tuberculate than the concave side and both ends. The concave sides are more tuberculate at both ends than in the center. These polyp sclerites have very few tubercles. A few tentacle scales are present, up to 0.10 mm long.
The calyces have thornscales, 0.20–0.40 mm long, with an echinulate thorn that is up to 0.15 mm long, narrow lateral arms and roots that do not branch (Fig. 6 a); with sparse and simple tubercles.
The coenenchyme has narrow spindles, 0.25–0.50 mm long, with sparse, simple tubercles (Fig. 6 b).
Colour. The live colony was reddish in the middle parts, orange in the periphery, and the polyps were white (Fig. 30 b); the preserved colony is white. All sclerites are colourless.
Etymology. The specific epithet is derived from the Latin bicolor (of two colours) in reference to the live colour of the holotype.
Remarks. This species mostly resembles Trimuricea inermis (Nutting, 1910), as both have sclerites with only simple tubercles. Trimuricea bicolor n. sp. differs in having longer, slender spindles (up to 0.50 mm long in T. bicolor, to 0.35 mm in T. inermis) and the thornscales have a less complex base. T. omanensis and T. reticulata also have spindles with simple tubercles. T. reticulata has thornscales with much longer, smooth thorn, and more complex base. T. omanensis has shorter spindles and thornscales.
description: Published as part of Samimi-Namin, Kaveh & Van Ofwegen, Leen P., 2016, A revision of Trimuricea Gordon, 1926 (Cnidaria: Octocorallia: Plexauridae) with the description of six new species, pp. 1-44 in Zootaxa 4105 (1) on pages 5-11, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4105.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/271230
Trimuricea omanensis Samimi-Namin & Ofwegen, 2016, n. sp.
Creators: name: Samimi-Namin, Kaveh
name: Van Ofwegen, Leen P.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Cnidaria
Anthozoa
Alcyonacea
Plexauridae
Trimuricea
Trimuricea omanensis

description: Trimuricea omanensis n. sp.
(Figs. 13 c, 19–20, 32a)
Material: Holotype, RMNH Coel. 41599, Oman, Strait of Hormuz, Musandam, no palm beach (OM11 A7 S6), 26.37336° N 56.535694° E, 10–25 m depth, coll. K. Samimi-Namin, 9 May 2011.
Description. The holotype is a piece of colony, about 35 cm high and 14 cm wide, that is branched in one plane and has many anastomoses forming a network (Fig. 13 c). The calyces are dome shaped, closely set to each other and situated all around the branches. They are low, only 1–2 mm in height and have a diameter of up to 1 mm.
The points have triradiates (Fig. 19 a), along with curved, hockeystick or boot-shaped sclerites, or spindles (Fig. 19 b), 0.15–0.25 mm long. The upper ray of the triradiates and upper part of the spindles is echinulate or smooth for up to 0.12 mm, and slightly blunt. The collaret spindles are 0.20–0.35 mm long (Fig. 19 c); the middle part of the convex side is more tuberculated than the concave side and both the ends. The concave side is relatively smooth in the center with more tuberculation at both ends. These polyp sclerites have few tubercles. A few tentacle scales are present, up to 0.08 mm long (Fig. 19 d).
The calyces have thornscales, 0.10–0.25 mm long, with a warty base, and one or more echinulate or smooth thorns up to 0.10 mm long (Figs. 19 e, 20a).
The coenenchyme has simple spindles, 0.10–0.30 mm long, with simple and complex tubercles (Fig. 20 b). Additionally, spindles with one smooth, thorn-like end are also present (Fig. 20 c). Also a few sclerites are present that superficially resemble unilateral spinose spindles.
Colour. The live colony was yellow with magenta extended polyps (Fig. 32 a). Preserved colony is brown. All sclerites are colourless.
Etymology. The species is named after the country Oman where the holotype was found.
Remarks. The species mostly resembles Trimuricea inermis, both species having small coenenchymal spindles and calicular thornscales. But it differs in having some sclerites resembling unilateral spinous spindles, some spindles with one thorny end and branch anastomoses forming a net-like colony shape.
description: Published as part of Samimi-Namin, Kaveh & Van Ofwegen, Leen P., 2016, A revision of Trimuricea Gordon, 1926 (Cnidaria: Octocorallia: Plexauridae) with the description of six new species, pp. 1-44 in Zootaxa 4105 (1) on pages 23-29, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4105.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/271230
Trimuricea merguiensis Gordon 1926
Creators: name: Samimi-Namin, Kaveh
name: Van Ofwegen, Leen P.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Cnidaria
Anthozoa
Alcyonacea
Plexauridae
Trimuricea
Trimuricea merguiensis

description: Trimuricea merguiensis Gordon, 1926
(Figs. 16–18)
Trimuricea merguiensis Gordon, 1926: 518, fig. 5j.
Material: Holotype, BMNH 1933.5.3.104, Moscos, Mergui Archipelago, coll. J.A. Thomson, holotype marked 10a; fragment of holotype BMNH 1925.11.24.23, loc. 54, Mergui Archipelago, February–March 1907.
Description (colony shape after Gordon 1926). The holotype is 13 cm high and 8 cm wide, branched in one plane, and many anastomoses are present (Fig. 16 a). The main stem, which has a diameter of 4 mm, divides in two main branches shortly above the base. The branches have an average diameter of 2 mm. The calyces are dome shaped, closely set to each other, and situated all around the branches.
The points have triradiates (Fig. 17 a), along with curved, hockeystick or boot-shaped sclerites or spindles (Fig. 17 b), 0.15–0.30 mm long. The upper ray of the triradiates and upper part of the spindles is slightly echinulate for up to 0.20 mm. The collaret spindles are 0.25–0.40 mm long (Fig. 17 c); the middle part of the convex side is slightly more tuberculate than the concave side and both the ends. The polyp sclerites have strong tuberculation. A few tentacle scales are present, up to 0.10 mm long (Fig. 17 d).
The calyces have thornscales, 0.10–0.40 mm long, with an echinulate or tuberculate thorn up to 0.15 mm long and complexly branched roots (Figs. 18 a). Several of these thornscales have more than one thorn.
The coenenchyme has spindles, 0.30–0.65 mm long, with simple and complex tubercles (Fig. 18 b). Several of these spindles have one blunt end, many are markedly robust.
Colour. The preserved colony is grey. All sclerites are colourless. There is no information about the colour of the colony and polyp.
Remarks. Figure 16 a shows the holotype, a label is attached to it marked 10a (removed in the Figure 16 a).
Figure 16 b is a second specimen also stored under BMNH 1933.5.3.104. Gordon mentioned a single specimen in her publication, and therefore we assume the second specimen was added after her description and is not type material. Gordon reported the holotype to be 13 high and 11 cm wide, probably due to subsequent sampling (i.e. BMNH 1925.11.24.23) the colony is now only 8 cm wide.
Gordon did not describe the sclerite arrangement in the polyps.
This species mostly resembles Trimuricea tuberculosa n. sp. but differs in having a few spindles with one blunt end (also observed by Gordon), and the spindles with less dense tuberculation. In addition T. tuberculosa has some spindles with a few thorns, and irregular shaped sclerites are occasionally also present in the coenenchyme.
description: Published as part of Samimi-Namin, Kaveh & Van Ofwegen, Leen P., 2016, A revision of Trimuricea Gordon, 1926 (Cnidaria: Octocorallia: Plexauridae) with the description of six new species, pp. 1-44 in Zootaxa 4105 (1) on pages 22-23, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4105.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/271230
Trimuricea spinosa Samimi-Namin & Ofwegen, 2016, n. sp.
Creators: name: Samimi-Namin, Kaveh
name: Van Ofwegen, Leen P.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Cnidaria
Anthozoa
Alcyonacea
Plexauridae
Trimuricea
Trimuricea spinosa

description: Trimuricea spinosa n. sp.
(Figs. 21 b, 26–27)
Trimuricea sp. Samimi-Namin & van Ofwegen, 2009b.
Material: Holotype, RMNH Coel. 39317, one colony, Persian Gulf, Larak Island, 26° 53ʹ 15″ N, 56° 23′ 36″ E, 14–16 m depth, coll. K. Samimi-Namin, 5 December 2007.
Description. The holotype is about 8 cm high and 8.5 cm wide, branched in one plane, and has anastomoses forming a network (Fig. 21 b). The stem is 1.5 cm long and 0.5 cm thick and all branches are 3–4 mm thick. Some branches have lost the tissue and are covered by algae. The calyces are dome shaped, closely set to each other and situated all around the branches. They are up to 0.5 mm high and 1 mm wide.
The points have triradiates (Fig. 26 a) along with, hockeystick or boot-shaped sclerites, or spindles that can be curved or sinuous (Fig. 26 b), 0.10–0.40 mm long. The upper ray of the triradiates and upper part of the accessory sclerites is strongly echinulate or tuberculate for up to 0.18 mm. The collaret spindles are 0.20–0.44 mm long (Fig. 26 c); and the middle part of the convex side is slightly more tuberculate than the concave side and both the ends. The concave side is relatively smooth with very few tubercles. There are a few tentacle scales present, up to 0.05 mm long (Fig. 26 d).
The calyces have thornscales, 0.15–0.47 mm long, with a warty base, and one or more, smooth or echinulate thorns up to 0.23 mm long (Fig. 27 a).
The coenenchyme has spindles, 0.30–0.68 mm long, with simple and complex tubercles (Fig. 27 b) along with a few crosses and irregularly branched forms (Fig. 27 c).
Colour. The live colony was white-yellowish, with magenta polyps. Preserved it is brown. All sclerites are colourless (For in situ photo refer to Samimi-Namin & van Ofwegen 2009b).
Etymology. The specific epithet is derived from the Latin spinosus (thorny). It refers to the thornscales with several thorns.
Remarks. This species mostly resembles T. flava n. sp., but differs in having colourless sclerites and triradiates with a strongly echinulate upper part. Moreover, the collaret spindles of T. spinosa are far less tuberculate.
description: Published as part of Samimi-Namin, Kaveh & Van Ofwegen, Leen P., 2016, A revision of Trimuricea Gordon, 1926 (Cnidaria: Octocorallia: Plexauridae) with the description of six new species, pp. 1-44 in Zootaxa 4105 (1) on page 35, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4105.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/271230
Armases ricordi
Creators: name: Parasram, Nadeshinie
name: Santana, William
name: Vallès, Henri
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Malacostraca
Decapoda
Sesarmidae
Armases
Armases ricordi

description: Armases ricordi (H. Milne Edwards, 1853)
Fig. 12 A, B, C, D
Sesarma Ricordi H. Milne Edwards, 1853: 183 [type-locality: Haiti].
Sesarma guerini H. Milne Edwards, 1853: 183 [type-locality: unknown].
Sesarma miniate De Saussure, 1858: 442 [type-locality: Saint Thomas].
Sesarma ricordi var. terrestris Verrill, 1908: 119, 328, pl. 11, fig. 3 [type-locality: Bermuda].
Armases ricordi — Abele 1992: 526–527, figs. 23 e, 28 e–g & 30. Schubart & Diesel 1998: 743–750. Diesel & Schuh 1998: 423–436. Ng et al. 2008: 220. Poupin 2018: 228.
Material examined. Barbados, Long Pond, St. Andrew, mudflat, 13̊ 15’40.6” N–59̊ 33’22.94” W, 3 ♂; 1 ♀ CW: 13.4; 12.8; 12.5 mm; CW: 18.3 mm (BLSZ 002), 1 ♀ CW: 14.6 mm (BLSZ 078). Barbados, Sherman’s, St. Peter, mudflat, 13̊ 16’67.5” N–59̊ 38’42.08” W, 1 ♂ CW: 15.8 mm (BLSZ 079). Barbados, Long Pond, St. Andrew, mudflat, 13̊ 15’40.6” N–59̊ 33’22.94” W, 2 ♂, 1 ♀ CW: 1.7, 1.8, 1.5 mm (BLSZ 192; MZUSP 40906; MZUSP 40925).
Distribution. Armases ricordi is found in the Western Atlantic: Bermuda, Florida, Andros Island, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Puerto Rico, Jamaica, St. Thomas, St. John, St. Croix, Guadeloupe, Dominica, Martinique, Isla de Providencia, Barbados (present study), Tobago, Trinidad, Isla los Roques, Curaçao, Isla de Margarita, Isla de Cubagua, Isla de Tortuga, and Suriname (Chace & Hobbs 1969; Abele 1992; Poupin 2018).
Distribution in Barbados. Long Pond and Sherman’s [Table 1 (Site #’s: 3 & 26)].
Habitat in Barbados. Mudflats along the banks of estuarine wetlands under various forms of debris (Fig. 2B: J).
Ecological notes. Armases ricordi was recorded approximately 10–30 m away from the high-water mark on the banks of the Long Pond wetland. Specimens were found under debris of dry coconut leaves and inside the shells of dry coconuts; they were also collected from floating debris (coconut shells, branches, and plastic bottles) along the bank of the Long Pond wetland. Minuca burgersi was seen in the same area and sometimes under the same debris as Armases ricordi. Specimens were collected both during the day and night-time periods. This species is not as common as Armases roberti.
Remarks. Armases ricordi is identified by the presence of pubescence on the dorsal surface of the carapace; the third and fourth pereiopods are longer than the second and fifth pereiopods. The second and third pereiopods are armed with tuft of setae on ventral surface of propodus and dactylus (Abele 1992).
description: Published as part of Parasram, Nadeshinie, Santana, William & Vallès, Henri, 2021, Updated checklist of semi-terrestrial and estuarine crabs (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura) of Barbados, West Indies, pp. 451-485 in Zootaxa 5052 (4) on pages 471-472, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5052.4.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5577182
Gecarcinus ruricola
Creators: name: Parasram, Nadeshinie
name: Santana, William
name: Vallès, Henri
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Malacostraca
Decapoda
Gecarcinidae
Gecarcinus
Gecarcinus ruricola

description: Gecarcinus ruricola (Linnaeus, 1758)
Fig. 9 A, B, C, D
Ocypode tourlourou Latrielle, 1803: 36 [type-locality: Dominican Republic].
Gecarcinus agricola Reichenbach, 1828: 230 [adapted from Rathbun, 1918].
Ocypode rubra Fréminville, 1835: 22 [type-locality: Antilles].
Cancer ruricola Linnaeus, 1758: 626 [type-locality: America].
Gecarcinus ruricola — Rathbun 1918: 352, pls. 117, 118; 1920: 19. Chace & Hobbs 1969: 200, figs. 66 & 67 h–j. Keith 1985: 276, fig. 12 B. Ng et al. 2008: 215. García & Capote 2015: 16, figs. 7 m – 7 p. Guinot et al. 2018: 571, fig. 7 A–D. Poupin 2018: 223, fig. 254.
Material examined. Barbados, Crane Hotel, St. Philip, coastal cliffs, 13̊ 10’25.96” N–59̊ 44’65.73” W, 2 ♂, 1 ♀ CW: 100.2; 80.2; 80.2 mm (BLSZ 059). Idem, 1 ♀ CW: 80.2 mm (BLSZ 059; MZUSP 40855).
Distribution. Gercarcinus ruricola is found in the Western Atlantic: Bahamas, Southern Florida, Cuba, Jamaica, Hispaniola, Cayman Islands, St. Croix, St. Matin, St. Barthélemy, Saba, Montserrat, Guadeloupe, Martinique, Dominica, Barbados, Blanquilla, Bonaire, Curaçao, and Aruba (Chance & Hobbs 1969; Poupin 2018).
Distribution in Barbados. Crane and Bottom Bay [Table 1 (Site #s: 9 & 10)].
Habitat in Barbados. Coastal cliff under dry leaves and in coral limestone rock crevices (Fig. 2B: E, F).
Ecological notes. Gecarcinus ruricola was collected in a clifftop that is 70 m in elevation from the beach. Here, the crabs were found hiding under piles of dry leaves from the tree Tabebuia pallida (Lindl.) Mier. Molts of the carapace and pereopods were collected ~ 150 m inland from the sea among crevices of large coral limestone formations.
Remarks. Rathbun (1918) reported one specimen, collected by Theodore N. Gill, which is stored at the USNM under the accession number (2065). Because of its large size, Gecarcinus ruricola is also targeted by local commercial and subsistence fisheries in Barbados. However, they are sold and consumed less often than Cardisoma guanhumi or Callinectes spp. because they seem to be less abundant (N. Parasram, Pers. Obs.). We were unsuccessful in locating the work of Reichenbach (1828). Therefore, the location of the synonym Gecarcinus agricola in the publication by Reichenbach (1828) was adapted from Rathbun (1918).
description: Published as part of Parasram, Nadeshinie, Santana, William & Vallès, Henri, 2021, Updated checklist of semi-terrestrial and estuarine crabs (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura) of Barbados, West Indies, pp. 451-485 in Zootaxa 5052 (4) on pages 467-468, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5052.4.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5577182
Supplementary materials for: Measurement Invariance of Two Different Short Forms of Social Interaction Anxiety Scale (SIAS) and Social Phobia Scale (SPS) in Chinese and US Samples
Creators: name: Zhong, Jiayi
Publisher: name: PsychArchives
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: social anxiety
subject: cross-cultural difference
subject: measurement invariance
subject: 150

description: The goal of this study was to examine the measurement invariance of two different commonly used short forms of the Social Interaction Anxiety Scale (SIAS) and the Social Phobia Scale (SPS) across Chinese and American samples. Participants were 850 (52% females) Chinese and 399 (57% females) American undergraduate students. A two-factor model was identified as the best fitting baseline model for both short-forms of the SIAS and SPS. Full scalar invariance was established for the Peters short form, whereas the Fergus short form only achieved partial scalar invariance. Results of structured means analysis indicated that Chinese participants scored higher than American participants in social anxiety. Some cultural implications for the use of these two sets of short forms are discussed.
description: Supplementary materials for: Zhong, J. (2021). Measurement Invariance of Two Different Short Forms of Social Interaction Anxiety Scale (SIAS) and Social Phobia Scale (SPS) in Chinese and US Samples. ISSN: 1015-5759. European Journal of Psychological Assessment. Volume: 0. eISSN: 2151-2426. 1-7. © 2021Hogrefe Publishing.
Platymetopus rugosus subsp. rugosus
Creators: name: Kataev, Boris M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Carabidae
Platymetopus
Platymetopus rugosus
Platymetopus rugosus rugosus (nietner, 1857)

description: Platymetopus rugosus rugosus (Nietner, 1857)
(Figs. 43, 48, 49, 59, 60, 66)
Material examined (in addition to the syntypes). Sri Lanka. 1 female, “ H. rugosus Nietn. Ceylon” (ZMUC); 1 female, “ Platymetopus rugosus Nietner, Ceylon” (ZIN); 1 male, Mahatlava, 9 km SW Yala, Yala Nat. Res., 22.X.1982, B. Zaitzev leg. (ZIN); 1 male, 1 female, Tissamaharama, 10–12.XII.1979, Ex Col. Viggo Mahler (ZMUC). India. Kerala /Karnataka: 1 male, “ Cote de Malabar, M. Maindron ”, “Mahe, Juillet 1901 ” (ZIN). Tamil Nadu: 2 females, “Madras” [= Chennai] (ZIN); 1 male, 4 females, Coimbatore, 1400 f. X.1965, P.S. Nathan leg. (ZSM); 1 female, 65 km of Madras [= Chennai], 2.I.1964, K.A. Breev leg. (ZIN); 2 females, “ Tranquebaria [=Tharangambadi]. Lowendal” (ZMUC); 1 male, 1 female, “ Tranqueb. ” [= Tranquebar, or Tharangambadi] (ZMUN); 1 male, 1 female, Vilupparam Distr., Auroville, Discipline Vill., 12°0.7′N 79°47.97′E, 1.XI.–31.XII.2013, local collector leg. (NME).
Myanmar. Mandalay: 1 male, near Bagan, 21°24′N 95°25′E, 12.XI.2003, M. Hornburg leg. (cWR).
Description. Femora and tibiae yellow, femora not infuscate, not darker than tibiae. Pronotum relatively narrower (PWmax/PL 1.53–1.63). Habitus as in Fig. 43.
Distribution (Fig. 66). This subspecies occupies the western part of the species range: Sri Lanka, India, and Myanmar.
description: Published as part of Kataev, Boris M., 2023, A review of Asian species of the genus Platymetopus (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Harpalini), pp. 501-536 in Zootaxa 5306 (5) on pages 526-527, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5306.5.1, http://zenodo.org/record/8073166
Platymetopus rugosus subsp. obscurofemoratus Kataev 2023, subsp. n.
Creators: name: Kataev, Boris M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Carabidae
Platymetopus
Platymetopus rugosus
Platymetopus rugosus obscurofemoratus

description: Platymetopus rugosus obscurofemoratus subsp. n.
(Figs. 44, 45, 50, 51, 66)
Type material. Holotype: male, Vietnam, Ba Ria-Vung Tau Prov., Binh Chau-Phuoe, Buu Nat. Res., ca 50 m, 10°32′N 107°29′E, VI.2007, A.V. Abramov leg. (Exp. of Russia-Vietnam Tropical Centre) (ZIN).
Paratypes. Vietnam. Ba Ria-Vung Tau: 1 female, same data as holotype (ZIN). Binh Thuan: 2 males, Dunes of Mui Ne, 10°55′N 108°10′E, 22 km NE of Phan Thiet, 25.III.–2.IV.2005, A. Pütz leg. (cWR). Thailand. Loei: 1 female, Phu Ruea, 735 m, 17°27′10.2″N 101°29′25.7″E, 26–28.V.2010, A.V. Korshunov leg. (ISEN). Cambodia. 1 male, 1 female, Kampong Chhnang Prov, Rolea B’ier District, Toekchen Village, at light, 18.V.2019, W. Rossi leg. (cALL).
Description. Femora more or less infuscate, darker than tibiae. Pronotum relatively wider (PWmax/PL 1.65– 1.67). Habitus as in fig. 45.
Etymology. The subspecific name is a Latin compound adjective, referring to the dark femora of this taxon.
Distribution (Fig. 66). This subspecies occurs in the eastern part of the species range: Vietnam, Thailand, and Cambodia.
description: Published as part of Kataev, Boris M., 2023, A review of Asian species of the genus Platymetopus (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Harpalini), pp. 501-536 in Zootaxa 5306 (5) on page 527, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5306.5.1, http://zenodo.org/record/8073166
Pagurus prideaux Leach 1815
Creators: name: De Matos-Pita, Susana S.
name: Ramil, Fran
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Malacostraca
Decapoda
Paguridae
Pagurus
Pagurus prideaux

description: Pagurus prideaux Leach, 1815
(Fig. 17)
Pagurus Prideaux Leach, 1815: text to and pl. 26 figs. 5, 6. Pagurus prideauxi. — Forest, 1966: 158.
Pagurus prideaux. — Ingle, 1993: 148, figs. 121–124 (lit.).
Material examined. MU86, 91– 103 m, (1); MU88, 94– 120 m, (1); MU201, 87 m, (2); MU205, 89– 93 m, (2).
Males: 6.17–6.86 mm, ovigerous females: 5.87–7.86 mm
Habitat. Bottoms of Zostera marina Linnaeus, 1753, maerl and littoral detritic bottoms to bathyal muds (d’Udekem d’Acoz 1999). Also reported in Posidonia oceanica meadows (Pipitone & Arculeo 2003; Ates et al. 2004) and rocky bottoms (Pipitone & Arculeo 2003; Pipitone & Vaccaro 2011).
Pagurus prideaux was mainly found inhabiting shells of Fusinus rostratus (Olivi, 1792), Naticarius hebraeus (Martyn, 1786) and Naticarius stercusmuscarum (Gmelin, 1791) but was also found in Buccinum humphreysianum Bennett, 1824 and Galeodea echinophora (Linnaeus, 1758) in the Mediterranean Sea (Caruso et al. 2004).
The symbionts on shells were summarized by Williams & McDermott (2004).
We found our specimens on sandy bottoms, inhabiting shells of the gastropod species Calliostoma granulatum (Born, 1778), Natica canariensis Odhner, 1932 and an unidentified species of the genus Natica, associated with hydrozoan species Clytia paulensis (Vanhöffen, 1910) and Hydractinia multitentaculata (Millard, 1975), as well as with the cirriped Amphibalanus amphitrite (Darwin, 1854). All specimens were in symbiosis with the actinian Adamsia palliata (O. F. Müller, 1776).
Distribution. Widely distributed in the eastern Atlantic from the southwestern Norwegian coast to Guinea, including Madeira, the Canary and Cape Verde Islands and the Mediterranean Sea (Caruso et al. 2004). The record from the Red Sea was considered dubious by d’Udekem d’Acoz (1999). Bathymetric distribution from the intertidal zone (d’Udekem d’Acoz 1999) down to 678 m depth (Caruso et al. 2004).
Other records of this species (Ates et al. 2004; Ungaro et al. 2005; Ates et al. 2006; Serrano et al. 2006; Fanelli et al. 2007; Cartes et al. 2007; García-Muñoz et al. 2008; Sánchez et al. 2008; Koçak et al. 2010; Serrano et al. 2011; Pipitone & Vaccaro 2011; El Lakhrach et al. 2010; Ellis et al. 2013) fit well with the above-mentioned distribution.
Remarks. Our specimens coincide with those described and figured by Ingle (1993).
description: Published as part of De Matos-Pita, Susana S. & Ramil, Fran, 2015, Hermit crabs (Decapoda: Crustacea) from deep Mauritanian waters (NW Africa) with the description of a new species, pp. 151-190 in Zootaxa 3926 (2) on pages 177-179, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3926.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/242192
Pagurus pubescentulus A. Milne-Edwards & Bouvier 1892
Creators: name: De Matos-Pita, Susana S.
name: Ramil, Fran
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Malacostraca
Decapoda
Paguridae
Pagurus
Pagurus pubescentulus

description: Pagurus pubescentulus (A. Milne-Edwards & Bouvier, 1892)
(Fig. 18)
Eupagurus pubescentulus A. Milne-Edwards & Bouvier, 1892: 219.
Eupagurus pubescentulus.— A. Milne-Edwards & Bouvier, 1900: 248, pl. 26 figs 26–30, pl. 28 figs. 13–14.— Forest, 1955: 120, fig. 26, pl. 4 figs. 5–8.
Pagurus pubescentulus.— A. Milne-Edwards & Bouvier, 1894: 72 (in part: the female at stn. 226 transferred to Anapagurus laevis by García-Gómez 1994: 21).— Forest, 1963: 628 (Ivory Coast and Ghana, 300–400 m).— Ingle, 1993: 145, figs. 117–120 (lit.).
Material examined. MUBV 10, 332–344, (12); MUBV 19, 306 m, (2).
Males: 3.55–6.49 mm, female: 4.43 mm ovigerous females: 4.71–5.00 mm
Habitat. Previously reported in bottoms of mud, sand, shells and corals (A. Milne-Edwards & Bouvier 1900; Forest 1963) and on muddy sand, sandy mud and fine sand (d’Udekem d’Acoz 1999).
The species was reported inhabiting gastropod shells of Trochus (A. Milne-Edwards & Bouvier 1900), Aporrhais? senegalensis Gray and Nassa sp. (Forest 1955). All our specimens were without a shell.
Distribution. Scattered localities in the eastern Atlantic: Bay of Biscay, Cape Bojador (Morocco), Mauritania, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Gabon, Angola, Azores (d’Udekem d’Acoz 1999) and the Mediterranean Sea (Froglia 2010). Serrano et al. (2006) reported this species from the Cantabrian shelf. Bathymetric distribution is from 130 m (d’Udekem d’Acoz 1999) down to 380–400 m depth (Forest 1963: 628). Our material was collected at 306 m and 332–344 m depth.
Remarks. Our specimens concur with those described by Ingle (1993).
description: Published as part of De Matos-Pita, Susana S. & Ramil, Fran, 2015, Hermit crabs (Decapoda: Crustacea) from deep Mauritanian waters (NW Africa) with the description of a new species, pp. 151-190 in Zootaxa 3926 (2) on page 179, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3926.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/242192
Paragiopagurus macrocerus Forest 1955
Creators: name: De Matos-Pita, Susana S.
name: Ramil, Fran
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Malacostraca
Decapoda
Parapaguridae
Paragiopagurus
Paragiopagurus macrocerus

description: Paragiopagurus macrocerus (Forest, 1955)
(Fig. 19)
Parapagurus macrocerus Forest, 1955: 101, fig. 22, pl. 3 figs. 1–7.
Parapagurus macrocerus. —de Saint Laurent, 1972: 116 (cit.).— Macpherson, 1983: 12 (Namibia, 240 m) Sympagurus macrocerus.— Lemaitre, 1990: 227 (key); 233, figs. 9, 10.
Paragiopagurus macrocerus.— Lemaitre, 1996: 207 (new comb.)
Material examined. MU 143, 322 m, (1); MU206, 362– 364 m, (1); MUBV 10, 332– 344 m, (17).
Males: 4.91–7.58 mm, females: 4.18–5.20 mm, ovigerous females: 4.41–6.06 mm
Habitat. Forest (1955) reported this species in shells of the gastropods Clavatula sp., Fusus sp., Nassa sp., Natica sp. and Sveltia lyrata (Brocchi, 1814). It was also reported inhabiting gastropods shells carrying an unidentified actinian (Lemaitre 1990).
Our specimens were found on sandy bottoms and in shells of the gastropod species Nassarius wolffi (Knudsen, 1956), associated with three different species of actinians.
Distribution. Eastern Atlantic from Mauritania (present work) to Namibian coasts (Macpherson 1983), between 145 m (Forest 1955) and 362–364 m depth (present work).
Remarks. Our specimens concur with the original description and figures and also with those provided by Lemaitre (1990). The variability in the shape of the right cheliped was noticed by Forest (1955), who described it as being relatively short in females (with sl over 5 mm). Lemaitre (1990) indicated that the proportions of the carpus and chela of the right cheliped varied with size and sex, usually being broader in females. In our material we found the same variations described for the females in the smaller males.
This species was reported from Namibia, Angola, Congo and Ivory Coast in waters from 145 to 240– 270 m (Forest 1955; Macpherson 1983; Lemaitre 1990). Our findings extend the geographical distribution of the species northwards and the bathymetrical range down to 362–364 m depth.
description: Published as part of De Matos-Pita, Susana S. & Ramil, Fran, 2015, Hermit crabs (Decapoda: Crustacea) from deep Mauritanian waters (NW Africa) with the description of a new species, pp. 151-190 in Zootaxa 3926 (2) on pages 179-182, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3926.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/242192
Parapagurus nudus A. Milne-Edwards 1891
Creators: name: De Matos-Pita, Susana S.
name: Ramil, Fran
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Malacostraca
Decapoda
Parapaguridae
Parapagurus
Parapagurus nudus

description: Parapagurus nudus (A. Milne-Edwards, 1891)
(Fig. 20)
Sympagurus nudus A. Milne-Edwards, 1891: 131.
Parapagurus nudus.— Lemaitre, 1986: 533, figs. 1A, B, 2A–E, 4A, B, 5A, B, 6G, H, 7B, F, 8A–C, 9A, B.— Lemaitre, 1989: 24, figs. 5B, C, 10, 11, 12 (lit.).— Cardoso & Lemaitre, 2012: 594, figs. 3C, D. Parapagurus pilosimanus.— García Raso, 1996: 739 (In part).
Material examined. MU75, 1688– 1659 m, (1); MU116, 1685– 1680 m, (1).
Male: 6.24 mm, female: 7.18 mm
Habitat. The species was reported on muddy sand bottoms (A. Milne-Edwards 1891).
Lemaitre (1989) reported this species usually without symbionts, but Williams & McDermott (2004) reported that it was not uncommon to find the species associated with actinians or zoanthids.
Our specimens were found on muddy and muddy sand bottoms, in shells of Tonna galea (Linnaeus, 1758) and another unidentified gastropod shell deeply damaged during the extraction of the hermit crab, with one unidentified actinian attached to the shell.
Distribution. Eastern Atlantic: the Azores, Canary and Cape Verde Islands and Gulf of Guinea; western Atlantic from off Nantucket Island (Massachusetts, USA) to Guyana (S America) (Lemaitre 1986, 1989); the species was also reported on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge (about 4°00'S) (Cardoso & Lemaitre 2012). Depth range is between 630 and 3864 m (Lemaitre 1990).
Our specimens come from around 1680 m, at similar depths to those from the Azores (A. Milne-Edwards 1891) and the Ibero-Moroccan Gulf (Türkay 1976).
Remarks. Our specimens match the descriptions and figures given by Lemaitre (1986, 1989) and Cardoso & Lemaitre (2012). The Parapagurus nudus males resemble Parapagurus alaminos Lemaitre, 1986, but can be easily distinguished by the absence of numerous small sharp tubercles on the dorsal surface of the left cheliped carpus. The variations on the carpus and the chela of the right cheliped and the exopod of the left uropod observed in our material, for both males and females, concur with those described by Lemaitre (1986). The telson armature is similar to that figured by Cardoso & Lemaitre (2012: fig. 3D)
description: Published as part of De Matos-Pita, Susana S. & Ramil, Fran, 2015, Hermit crabs (Decapoda: Crustacea) from deep Mauritanian waters (NW Africa) with the description of a new species, pp. 151-190 in Zootaxa 3926 (2) on page 182, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3926.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/242192
Parapagurus pilosimanus Smith 1879
Creators: name: De Matos-Pita, Susana S.
name: Ramil, Fran
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Malacostraca
Decapoda
Parapaguridae
Parapagurus
Parapagurus pilosimanus

description: Parapagurus pilosimanus Smith, 1879
(Fig. 21)
Parapagurus pilosimanus Smith, 1879: 51.
Parapagurus pilosimanus. — Lemaitre, 1986: 529, figs. 1C, D, 3A–E, 4C, D, 5E, F, 6I, J, 7C, G, 8H, 9F–H.— Lemaitre, 1990: 13, figs. 3, 4, 5A, 6, 39A, B (lit.).— Jones & Brewer, 2012: 105 (Mauritania, 1400–1500 m).— Cardoso & Lemaitre, 2012: 597, fig. 4 (South Atlantic, 997 m).
Parapagurus pilosimanus: García Raso, 1996: 739 (In part).
Material examined. MU08, 1308 m, (4); MU09, 1412 m, (2).
Males: 6.34–12.65 mm, females: 7.44–9.10 mm
Habitat. Reported on mud, mud with stones, muddy sand, sand, broken shells, corals and pumice bottoms, inhabiting gastropod shells of genera Fussus, Natica and Trophon and also a scaphopod shell of Dentalium (see A. Milne-Edwards & Bouvier 1900). A. Milne-Edwards & Bouvier (1900) reported the association with Epizoanthus and actinians, and Urzelai et al. (1990) with Epizoanthus paguriphilus Verrill, 1883. Williams & McDermott (2004) reported the platyhelminthe Ectocotyla hirudo (Levinsen, 1879) living in the shell and the bryozoan Arachnoidella dhondti (Franzén & Sandberg, 2001) over the pereiopods of the hermit crab.
Our material was captured on sandy mud, muddy sand and sandy bottoms, always in carcinoecia of Epizoanthus paguriphilus.
Distribution. Eastern Atlantic, from southwest of Iceland and Faeroe Islands to the Gulf of Guinea, and in Tristan da Cunha Island; western Atlantic, from off Nova Scotia (Canada) to Guyana (Lemaitre 1989, 1990). The species was also reported from Walvis Ridge (Cardoso & Lemaitre 2012).
The recorded depth range is between 102 and 3864 m, but the species is mainly reported from 400 to 1400 m (Lemaitre 1989). Our specimens were mostly captured between 1100 and 1600 m. In the same area, recent remote operated vehicle (ROV) observations located P. pilosimanus and its symbiont zoanthid Epizoanthus paguriphilus at 1400–1500 m depth (Jones & Brewer 2012).
Remarks. Our specimens concur with the descriptions and figures given by Lemaitre (1986, 1989) and can be distinguished from other allied species in the area by its unarmed mesial and lateral faces of meri, carpi and propodi of the ambulatory pereiopods; the symmetrical posterior lobes of the telson; and the presence of 2 or 3 irregular rows of conical scales on the propodal rasp of the fourth pereiopods.
description: Published as part of De Matos-Pita, Susana S. & Ramil, Fran, 2015, Hermit crabs (Decapoda: Crustacea) from deep Mauritanian waters (NW Africa) with the description of a new species, pp. 151-190 in Zootaxa 3926 (2) on pages 182-185, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3926.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/242192