cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The "Maggie" filament: Physical properties of a giant atomic cloud
Creators: name: Syed, J.
name: Soler, J. D.
name: Beuther, H.
name: Wang, Y.
name: Suri, S.
name: Henshaw, J. D.
name: Riener, M.
name: Bialy, S.
name: Kh., S. Rezaei
name: Stil, J. M.
name: Goldsmith, P. F.
name: Rugel, M. R.
name: Glover, S. C. O.
name: Klessen, R. S.
name: Kerp, J.
name: Urquhart, J. S.
name: Ott, J.
name: Roy, N.
name: Schneider, N.
name: Smith, R. J.
name: Longmore, S. N.
name: Linz, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The atomic phase of the interstellar medium plays a key role in the formation process of molecular clouds. Due to the line-of-sight confusion in the Galactic plane that is associated with its ubiquity, atomic hydrogen emission has been challenging to study. Employing the high-angular resolution data from the THOR survey, we identify one of the largest, coherent, mostly atomic HI filaments in the Milky Way at the line-of-sight velocities around -54 km/s. The giant atomic filament "Maggie", with a total length of 1.2 kpc, is not detected in most other tracers, and does not show signs of active star formation. At a kinematic distance of 17 kpc, Maggie is situated below (by 500 pc) but parallel to the Galactic HI disk and is trailing the predicted location of the Outer Arm by 5-10 km/s in longitude-velocity space. The centroid velocity exhibits a smooth gradient of less than $\pm$3 km/s /10 pc and a coherent structure to within $\pm$6 km/s. The line widths of 10 km/s along the spine of the filament are dominated by non-thermal effects. After correcting for optical depth effects, the mass of Maggie's dense spine is estimated to be $7.2\times10^5\,M_{\odot}$. The mean number density of the filament is 4$\rm\,cm^{-3}$, which is best explained by the filament being a mix of cold and warm neutral gas. In contrast to molecular filaments, the turbulent Mach number and velocity structure function suggest that Maggie is driven by transonic to moderately supersonic velocities that are likely associated with the Galactic potential rather than being subject to the effects of self-gravity or stellar feedback. The column density PDF displays a log-normal shape around a mean of $N_{\rm HI} = 4.8\times 10^{20}\rm\,cm^{-2}$, thus reflecting the absence of dominating effects of gravitational contraction.
description: 19 pages, 17 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
An electronic band structure study of TTF-TCNQ and (SN)x
Creators: name: Friesen, Waldemar Isebrand
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The electronic energy band structures of two highly conducting, anisotropic solids have been calculated using the extended Hückel method. One-, two-, and three-dimensional models of the organic charge transfer salt tetrathiofulvalinium tetracyanoquinodimethan (TTF-TCNQ) and of the inorganic polymer polysulphur nitride (SN)x have been studied. The results indicate that the band structure of TTF-TCNQ is well described by a tight-binding, one-dimensional model in which interactions between stacks of molecules are neglected. The Fermi surface is seen to consist of extremely flat electron and hole surfaces, the nature of which is inconclusive in predicting a Fermi-surface-related instability leading to a Peierls distortion. A one-dimensional model of (SN)x predicts metallic behaviour as the Fermi energy is found to lie at a symmetry-induced point of degeneracy where two bands cross. The single chain is highly unstable against a symmetry-reducing distortion; however, three-dimensional interchain interactions appear to stabilize the structure. Consequently, the Fermi surface is that of a semimetal with electron and hole pockets. The essential features of the band structure can be explained by a simple tight-binding model involving SN molecular anti-bonding π orbitals. Differences in the reported crystal structures used in the calculation are seen to have no qualitative effect.
title: ÐÐ¾Ð´ÐµÐ»Ð¸ Ð½ÐµÐ¹ÑÐ¾Ð½Ð¾Ð² Ð² ÑÐ¿Ð°Ð¹ÐºÐ¾Ð²ÑÑ Ð½ÐµÐ¹ÑÐ¾Ð½Ð½ÑÑ ÑÐµÑÑÑ
title: ÑÑÐµÐ±Ð½Ð¾Ðµ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð±Ð¸Ðµ
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: ÐÐ°ÑÑÐ¸ÐµÐ², ÐÐ»ÐµÐºÑÐ°Ð½Ð´Ñ
Publisher: name: ÐÐÐÐÐ¢ÐÐ¥-ÐÐ ÐÐ¡Ð¡
Year: 2024
Subjects: ÐÐµÐ¹ÑÐ¾Ð½Ð½ÑÐµ ÑÐµÑÐ¸

description: Ð ÑÑÐµÐ±Ð½Ð¾Ð¼ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð±Ð¸Ð¸ ÑÐ°ÑÑÐ¼Ð°ÑÑÐ¸Ð²Ð°ÑÑÑÑ Ð²Ð¾Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÑÑ Ð¼Ð¾Ð´ÐµÐ»Ð¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð¸Ð¼Ð¿ÑÐ»ÑÑÐ½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ (ÑÐ¿Ð°Ð¹ÐºÐ¾Ð²Ð¾Ð³Ð¾) Ð½ÐµÐ¹ÑÐ¾Ð½Ð° ÐºÐ°Ðº ÑÐ»ÐµÐ¼ÐµÐ½ÑÐ° Ð±Ð¸Ð¾Ð¿Ð¾Ð´Ð¾Ð±Ð½ÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾ ÑÑÑÑÐºÑÑÑÐµ Ð¸ ÑÑÐ½ÐºÑÐ¸ÑÐ¼ ÑÐ¿Ð°Ð¹ÐºÐ¾Ð²ÑÑ Ð½ÐµÐ¹ÑÐ¾Ð½Ð½ÑÑ ÑÐµÑÐµÐ¹. Ð¡Ð¿Ð°Ð¹ÐºÐ¾Ð²ÑÐµ ÑÐµÑÐ¸ Ð² Ð½Ð°ÑÑÐ¾ÑÑÐµÐµ Ð²ÑÐµÐ¼Ñ ÑÐ²Ð»ÑÑÑÑÑ Ð¾Ð´Ð½Ð¸Ð¼ Ð¸Ð· Ð°ÐºÑÐ¸Ð²Ð½Ð¾ ÑÐ°Ð·Ð²Ð¸Ð²Ð°ÑÑÐ¸ÑÑÑ Ð½Ð°Ð¿ÑÐ°Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ð¹ Ð¸ÑÐºÑÑÑÑÐ²ÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¸Ð½ÑÐµÐ»Ð»ÐµÐºÑÐ° Ð¸ Ð½Ð°ÑÐµÐ»ÐµÐ½Ñ Ð½Ð° ÑÐ¾Ð·Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ Ð½Ð¾Ð²Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ ÑÐ¸Ð¿Ð° ÑÐ½ÐµÑÐ³Ð¾ÑÑÑÐµÐºÑÐ¸Ð²Ð½ÑÑ Ð²ÑÑÐ¸ÑÐ»Ð¸ÑÐµÐ»ÐµÐ¹ â Ð½ÐµÐ¹ÑÐ¾Ð¼Ð¾ÑÑÐ½ÑÑ ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¿ÑÑÑÐµÑÐ¾Ð². Ð Ð¿Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð±Ð¸Ð¸ Ð´ÐµÑÐ°Ð»ÑÐ½Ð¾ Ð¾Ð¿Ð¸ÑÐ°Ð½Ñ ÐºÐ°Ðº Ð½Ð°Ð¸Ð±Ð¾Ð»ÐµÐµ ÑÐ°ÑÐ¿ÑÐ¾ÑÑÑÐ°Ð½ÐµÐ½Ð½ÑÐµ Ð¼Ð¾Ð´ÐµÐ»Ð¸ Ð½ÐµÐ¹ÑÐ¾Ð½Ð°, ÑÐ°ÐºÐ¸Ðµ ÐºÐ°Ðº Ð¿Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð³Ð¾Ð²ÑÐ¹ Ð¸Ð½ÑÐµÐ³ÑÐ°ÑÐ¾Ñ, Ð¼Ð¾Ð´ÐµÐ»Ñ ÐÐ¶Ð¸ÐºÐµÐ²Ð¸ÑÐ°, ÑÐ°Ðº Ð¸ ÑÐµÐ³Ð¼ÐµÐ½ÑÐ½ÑÐµ Ð¼Ð¾Ð´ÐµÐ»Ð¸ Ð½ÐµÐ¹ÑÐ¾Ð½Ð¾Ð². Ð¢Ð°ÐºÐ¶Ðµ ÑÐ°ÑÑÐ¼Ð¾ÑÑÐµÐ½Ñ Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð²Ð½ÑÐµ Ð°ÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÐºÑÑÑÑ Ð½ÐµÐ¹ÑÐ¾Ð½Ð½ÑÑ ÑÐµÑÐµÐ¹ Ð½Ð° ÑÐ¿Ð°Ð¹ÐºÐ¾Ð²ÑÑ Ð½ÐµÐ¹ÑÐ¾Ð½Ð°Ñ Ð¸ Ð¾Ð±ÑÐ¸Ðµ Ð°ÑÐ¿ÐµÐºÑÑ Ð¸Ñ Ð¾Ð±ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ, ÑÐµÐ°Ð»Ð¸Ð·ÑÐµÐ¼ÑÐµ Ð² Ð½ÐµÐ¹ÑÐ¾Ð¼Ð¾ÑÑÐ½ÑÑ ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐµÐ¼Ð°Ñ. ÐÑÐ¸Ð²Ð¾Ð´Ð¸ÑÑÑ Ð¾Ð±Ð·Ð¾Ñ Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð³ÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ð½ÑÑ ÑÑÐµÐ´ÑÑÐ² Ð´Ð»Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¿ÑÑÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¼Ð¾Ð´ÐµÐ»Ð¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ ÑÐ¿Ð°Ð¹ÐºÐ¾Ð²ÑÑ Ð½ÐµÐ¹ÑÐ¾Ð½Ð¾Ð² Ð¸ Ð½ÐµÐ¹ÑÐ¾Ð½Ð½ÑÑ ÑÐµÑÐµÐ¹, Ð° ÑÐ°ÐºÐ¶Ðµ ÑÐ°ÑÑÐ¼Ð°ÑÑÐ¸Ð²Ð°ÑÑÑÑ Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð²Ð½ÑÐµ ÑÑÑÐµÑÑÐ²ÑÑÑÐ¸Ðµ ÑÐµÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð² Ð¾Ð±Ð»Ð°ÑÑÐ¸ Ð¸Ñ Ð°Ð¿Ð¿Ð°ÑÐ°ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÐµÐ°Ð»Ð¸Ð·Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð¸. ÐÑÐµÐ´Ð½Ð°Ð·Ð½Ð°ÑÐµÐ½Ð¾ Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑÑÑÐ´ÐµÐ½ÑÐ¾Ð² Ð²ÑÑÑÐ¸Ñ ÑÑÐµÐ±Ð½ÑÑ Ð·Ð°Ð²ÐµÐ´ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ð¹ Ð² ÐºÐ°ÑÐµÑÑÐ²Ðµ Ð¸Ð½ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¼Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½Ð¾-ÑÐ¿ÑÐ°Ð²Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¼Ð°ÑÐµÑÐ¸Ð°Ð»Ð° Ð¿ÑÐ¸ Ð²ÑÐ¿Ð¾Ð»Ð½ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ð¸ Ð½Ð°ÑÑÐ½Ð¾-Ð¸ÑÑÐ»ÐµÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð°ÑÐµÐ»ÑÑÐºÐ¸Ñ Ð¸ Ð²ÑÐ¿ÑÑÐºÐ½ÑÑ ÐºÐ²Ð°Ð»Ð¸ÑÐ¸ÐºÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½ÑÑ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾Ñ. Ð£ÑÐµÐ±Ð½Ð¾Ðµ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð±Ð¸Ðµ ÑÐ°ÐºÐ¶Ðµ Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÑ Ð±ÑÑÑ ÑÐµÐºÐ¾Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ð´Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¾ Ð¸ÑÑÐ»ÐµÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð°ÑÐµÐ»ÑÐ¼ Ð¸ Ð¸Ð½Ð¶ÐµÐ½ÐµÑÐ°Ð¼, Ð¸Ð½ÑÐµÑÐµÑÑÑÑÐ¸Ð¼ÑÑ Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð±Ð»ÐµÐ¼Ð°Ð¼Ð¸ Ð¸ÑÐºÑÑÑÑÐ²ÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¸Ð½ÑÐµÐ»Ð»ÐµÐºÑÐ° Ð² ÑÐ°ÑÑÐ¸ Ð¼Ð¾Ð´ÐµÐ»Ð¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð½ÐµÐ¹ÑÐ¾Ð½Ð¾Ð² Ð¸ Ð½ÐµÐ¹ÑÐ¾Ð½Ð½ÑÑ ÑÐµÑÐµÐ¹.
Additional file 1 of How different domains of quality of life are associated with latent dimensions of mental health measured by GHQ-12
Creators: name: Nouri, Fatemeh
name: Feizi, Awat
name: Roohafza, Hamidreza
name: Sadeghi, Masoumeh
name: Sarrafzadegan, Nizal
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Additional data about items of GHQ-12 and its newly explored domains.
50 years of quantum spin liquids
Creators: name: Kivelson, Steven A.
name: Sondhi, Shivaji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In 1973, Philip Anderson published a paper introducing the resonating valence bond state, which can be recognized in retrospect as a topologically ordered phase of matter - one that cannot be classified in the conventional way according to its patterns of spontaneously broken symmetry. Steven Kivelson and Shivaji Sondhi reflect on the impact of this paper over the past 50 years.
description: This is a historical perspective solicited by Nature Reviews Physics
title: Comunicación Vascular Anómala Intra-Extracraneal: "Sinus Epicranii"
Creators: name: Martínez Mansilla, Antonio
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Varices
subject: Arteriovenous malformations
subject: Congenital
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Ultrasound-Colour Doppler
subject: Ultrasound
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: Vascular
subject: Paediatric
subject: Neuroradiology brain

description: Objetivo docente
Revisión del tema
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivo docente:
Revisión de las características radiológicas,
así como presentación clínica,
etiología y tratamiento del “sinus pericranii”,
una anomalía vascular poco frecuente en la que se produce una comunicación anómala entre el sistema venoso...
FedFm: Towards a Robust Federated Learning Approach For Fault Mitigation at the Edge Nodes
Creators: name: Gupta, Manupriya
name: Goyal, Pavas
name: Verma, Rohit
name: Shorey, Rajeev
name: Saran, Huzur
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Federated Learning deviates from the norm of "send data to model" to "send model to data". When used in an edge ecosystem, numerous heterogeneous edge devices collecting data through different means and connected through different network channels get involved in the training process. Failure of edge devices in such an ecosystem due to device fault or network issues is highly likely. In this paper, we first analyse the impact of the number of edge devices on an FL model and provide a strategy to select an optimal number of devices that would contribute to the model. We observe how the edge ecosystem behaves when the selected devices fail and provide a mitigation strategy to ensure a robust Federated Learning technique.
Positron-atom interaction
Creators: name: Pai, David Mieng
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Any attempt to describe accurately the life time of positrons in atoms or the low energy phase shifts for positron-atom scattering relies on an adequate treatment of electron-positron correlations. In this thesis, an interaction model which treats such correlations is presented. This model has other desirable features. It is non-phenomenologlcal, amenable to calculation even for complicated atoms, and applicable to calculations of both bound and scattering states of positron. Following the presentation of the theoretical aspect of this model, methods which can be used to carry out the prescribed calculations are discussed. At the end of this thesis, results obtained from applying this model to positron-helium system axe presented. In particular, the calculated total elastic scattering cross sections are compared with experimental measurements.
Bioinspired microfluidic assay for in vitro modeling of leukocyte-endothelium interactions
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Adult
Cell Adhesion
Cell Communication
Endothelium, Vascular
Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells
Humans
Leukocyte Rolling
Leukocytes
Microfluidic Analytical Techniques
Neutrophils

description: Current in vitro models of the leukocyte adhesion cascade cannot be used for real-time studies of the entire leukocyte adhesion cascade, including rolling, adhesion, and migration in a single assay. In this study, we have developed and validated a novel bioinspired microfluidic assay (bMFA) and used it to test the hypothesis that blocking of specific steps in the adhesion/migration cascade significantly affects other steps of the cascade. The bMFA consists of an endothelialized microvascular network in communication with a tissue compartment via a 3 μm porous barrier. Human neutrophils in bMFA preferentially adhered to activated human endothelial cells near bifurcations with rolling and adhesion patterns in close agreement with in vivo observations. Treating endothelial cells with monoclonal antibodies to E-selectin or ICAM-1 or treating neutrophils with wortmannin reduced rolling, adhesion, and migration of neutrophils to 60%, 20%, and 18% of their respective control values. Antibody blocking of specific steps in the adhesion/migration cascade (e.g., mAb to E-selectin) significantly downregulated other steps of the cascade (e.g., migration). This novel in vitro assay provides a realistic human cell based model for basic science studies, identification of new treatment targets, selection of pathways to target validation, and rapid screening of candidate agents. © 2014 American Chemical Society.
SmartSplit: Latency-Energy-Memory Optimisation for CNN Splitting on Smartphone Environment
Creators: name: Prakash, Ishan
name: Bansal, Aniruddh
name: Verma, Rohit
name: Shorey, Rajeev
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Artificial Intelligence has now taken centre stage in the smartphone industry owing to the need of bringing all processing close to the user and addressing privacy concerns. Convolution Neural Networks (CNNs), which are used by several AI applications, are highly resource and computation intensive. Although new generation smartphones come with AI-enabled chips, minimal memory and energy utilisation is essential as many applications are run concurrently on a smartphone. In light of this, optimising the workload on the smartphone by offloading a part of the processing to a cloud server is an important direction of research. In this paper, we analyse the feasibility of splitting CNNs between smartphones and cloud server by formulating a multi-objective optimisation problem that optimises the end-to-end latency, memory utilisation, and energy consumption. We design SmartSplit, a Genetic Algorithm with decision analysis based approach to solve the optimisation problem. Our experiments run with multiple CNN models show that splitting a CNN between a smartphone and a cloud server is feasible. The proposed approach, SmartSplit fares better when compared to other state-of-the-art approaches.
title: Revisión de los hallazgos radiológicos de los paragangliomas cervicales.
Creators: name: Quintana Rodríguez, Isabel
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Swallowing disorders
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: Ultrasound-Colour Doppler
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: MR
subject: Head and neck

description: Objetivo docente
Revisión del tema
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivo docente:
Describir los hallazgos radiológicos característicos en la ecografía,
TAC,
RM y angiografía convencional de los paragangliomas cervicales,
mostrando imágenes de casos acontecidos en nuestro...
AutoShard -- Declaratively Managing Hot Spot Data Objects in NoSQL Document Stores
Creators: name: Scherzinger, Stefanie
name: Thor, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: NoSQL document stores are becoming increasingly popular as backends in web development. Not only do they scale out to large volumes of data, many systems are even custom-tailored for this domain: NoSQL document stores like Google Cloud Datastore have been designed to support massively parallel reads, and even guarantee strong consistency in updating single data objects. However, strongly consistent updates cannot be implemented arbitrarily fast in large-scale distributed systems. Consequently, data objects that experience high-frequent writes can turn into severe performance bottlenecks. In this paper, we present AutoShard, a ready-to-use object mapper for Java applications running against NoSQL document stores. AutoShard's unique feature is its capability to gracefully shard hot spot data objects to avoid write contention. Using AutoShard, developers can easily handle hot spot data objects by adding minimally intrusive annotations to their application code. Our experiments show the significant impact of sharding on both the write throughput and the execution time.
description: Published at WebDB 2014
Dynamics of automorphisms on projective complex manifolds
Creators: name: Zhang, De-Qi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14J50, 14E07, 32H50

description: We show that the dynamics of automorphisms on all projective complex manifolds X (of dimension 3, or of any dimension but assuming the Good Minimal Model Program or Mori's Program) are canonically built up from the dynamics on just three types of projective complex manifolds: complex tori, weak Calabi-Yau manifolds and rationally connected manifolds. As a by-product, we confirm the conjecture of Guedj for automorphisms on 3-dimensional projective manifolds, and also determine pi_1(X).
description: Journal of Differential Geometry, to appear
The role of medical schools in promoting social accountability through shared decision-making
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2014

description: © 2014 Karnieli-Miller et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. Reducing health inequalities and enhancing the social accountability of medical students and physicians is a challenge acknowledged by medical educators and professionals. It is usually perceived as a macro-level, community type intervention. This commentary suggests a different approach, an interpersonal way to decrease inequality and asymmetry in power relations to improve medical decisions and care. Shared decision-making practices are suggested as a model that requires building partnership, bi-directional sharing of information, empowering patients and enhancing tailored health care decisions. To increase the implementation of shared decision-making practices in Israel, an official policy needs to be established to encourage the investment of resources towards helping educators, researchers, and practitioners translate and integrate it into daily practice. Special efforts should be invested in medical education initiatives to train medical students and residents in SDM practices.
Fault-Tolerant Performance Enhancement of DC-DC Converters with High-Speed Fault Clearing-unit based Redundant Power Switch Configurations
Creators: name: Rahimi, Tohid
name: Jahan, Hossein Khoun
name: Abadifard, Armin
name: Akbari, Mohsen
name: Ghavidel, Pedram
name: Farhadi, Masoud
name: Hosseini, Seyed Hossein
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Fault detection and reconfiguration in fault-tolerant converters may complicated and necessitate using all-purpose microprocessors and high-speed sensors to guarantee the satisfactory performance of power converters. Therefore, providing fault-clearing feature without increasing the processing and sensing burdens and reducing the transition time between faulty to normal state are of great importance. This research proposes a new redundant-switch configuration to address the mentioned challenges. The proposed configuration uses one diode and two fuses to eliminate the faulty switch and replace the reserve one, spontaneously. Open-circuit fault in the proposed configuration is clarified instantly. Moreover, the short-circuit fault is dealt as an open-circuit fault by using a fuse. Thus, the fault-tolerant feature of the proposed switch configuration is achieved without using a complex, versatile and multifaceted fault managing unit. Resultant behaviors of the case studies are derived using MATLAB/SIMULINK. Also, steady-state thermal distribution of power switches which are implemented on a monolith heat sink, analyzed in COMSOL Multi-physics environment. Finally, the viability of the proposed configuration is demonstrated by a laboratory-scaled prototype.
Profiles of inflated surfaces
Creators: name: Pak, Igor
name: Schlenker, Jean-Marc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study the shape of inflated surfaces introduced in \cite{B1} and \cite{P1}. More precisely, we analyze profiles of surfaces obtained by inflating a convex polyhedron, or more generally an almost everywhere flat surface, with a symmetry plane. We show that such profiles are in a one-parameter family of curves which we describe explicitly as the solutions of a certain differential equation.
description: 13 pages, 2 figures
Fermi observations of high-energy gamma-ray emission from GRB 080825C
Creators: name: LAT Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope (FGST) has opened a new high-energy window in the study of Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs). Here we present a thorough analysis of GRB 080825C, which triggered the Fermi Gamma-ray Burst Monitor (GBM), and was the first firm detection of a GRB by the Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT). We discuss the LAT event selections, background estimation, significance calculations, and localization for Fermi GRBs in general and GRB 080825C in particular. We show the results of temporal and time-resolved spectral analysis of the GBM and LAT data. We also present some theoretical interpretation of GRB 080825C observations as well as some common features observed in other LAT GRBs.
description: 18 pages, 7 figures. Accepted for publication in ApJ. Corresponding authors: A. Bouvier, J. Granot, A.J. van der Horst
Communication in a Poisson Field of Interferers -- Part II: Channel Capacity and Interference Spectrum
Creators: name: Pinto, Pedro C.
name: Win, Moe Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In Part I of this paper, we presented a mathematical model for communication subject to both network interference and noise, where the interferers are scattered according to a spatial Poisson process, and are operating asynchronously in a wireless environment subject to path loss, shadowing, and multipath fading. We determined the distribution of the aggregate interference and the error performance of the link. In this second part, we characterize the capacity of the link subject to both network interference and noise. Then, we put forth the concept of spectral outage probability (SOP), a new characterization of the aggregate radio-frequency emission generated by communicating nodes in a wireless network. We present some applications of the SOP, namely the establishment of spectral regulations and the design of covert military networks. The proposed framework captures all the essential physical parameters that affect the aggregate network emission, yet is simple enough to provide insights that may be of value in the design and deployment of wireless networks.
description: To appear in IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications
The dispersionless 2D Toda equation: dressing, Cauchy problem, longtime behavior, implicit solutions and wave breaking
Creators: name: Manakov, S. V.
name: Santini, P. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have recently solved the inverse spectral problem for one-parameter families of vector fields, and used this result to construct the formal solution of the Cauchy problem for a class of integrable nonlinear partial differential equations in multidimensions, including the second heavenly equation of Plebanski and the dispersionless Kadomtsev - Petviashvili (dKP) equation, arising as commutation of vector fields. In this paper we make use of the above theory i) to construct the nonlinear Riemann-Hilbert dressing for the so-called two dimensional dispersionless Toda equation $(exp(ϕ))_{tt}=ϕ_{ζ_1ζ_2}$, elucidating the spectral mechanism responsible for wave breaking; ii) we present the formal solution of the Cauchy problem for the wave form of it: $(exp(ϕ))_{tt}=ϕ_{xx}+ϕ_{yy}$; iii) we obtain the longtime behaviour of the solutions of such a Cauchy problem, showing that it is essentially described by the longtime breaking formulae of the dKP solutions, confirming the expected universal character of the dKP equation as prototype model in the description of the gradient catastrophe of two-dimensional waves; iv) we finally characterize a class of spectral data allowing one to linearize the RH problem, corresponding to a class of implicit solutions of the PDE.
description: 22 pages
Modifying Gravity in the Infra-Red by imposing an "Ultra-Strong" Equivalence Principle
Creators: name: Piazza, Federico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The equivalence principle suggests to consider gravity as an infra-red phenomenon, whose effects are visible only outside Einstein's free-falling elevator. By curving spacetime, General Relativity leaves the smallest systems free of classical gravitational effects. However, according to the standard semi-classical treatment, indirect effects of gravity can be experienced inside the elevator through the well-known mechanism of quantum particle production. Here we try a different path than the one historically followed: rather than imposing field quantization on top of a curved manifold, we attempt to upgrade the equivalence principle and extend it to the quantum phenomena. Therefore, we consider, and try to realize in a theoretical framework, a stronger version of the equivalence principle, in which all the effects of gravity are definitely banned from the elevator and confined to the infra-red. For this purpose, we introduce infra-red modified commutation relations for the global field operators (Fourier modes) that allow to reabsorb the time-dependent quadratic divergence of the vacuum expectation value of the stress-energy tensor. The proposed modification is effective on length scales comparable to the inverse curvature and, therefore, does no add any dimensional parameter to the theory.
description: 9 pages, Honorable Mention at the Gravity Research Foundation Essay Competition
title: Puentes intramiocárdicos en pacientes sometidos a cardioTC coronario: Análisis de su prevalencia.
Creators: name: Prieto Falcón, Maria Carmen
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: CT-Angiography
subject: Cardiac

description: Objetivos
Material y método
Resultados
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivos:
1.
Plasmar conceptos básicos sobre los puentes intramiocardicos y su significación clínica. 2.
Ilustrar distintos casos de puentes intramiocárdicos con su correspondiente correlación angiográfica. 3.
Identificar mediante un estudio...
A population genetic model for the initial spread of partially resistant malaria parasites under anti-malarial combination therapy and weak intrahost competition
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Animals
Antimalarials
Computer Simulation
Culicidae
Drug Resistance
Drug Therapy, Combination
Genes, Protozoan
Genetics, Population
Host-Parasite Interactions
Humans
Insect Vectors
Malaria, Falciparum
Models, Genetic
Mutation Rate
Plasmodium falciparum
Poisson Distribution
Stochastic Processes

description: To develop public-health policies that extend the lifespan of affordable anti-malarial drugs as effective treatment options, it is necessary to understand the evolutionary processes leading to the origin and spread of mutations conferring drug resistance in malarial parasites. We built a population-genetic model for the emergence of resistance under combination drug therapy. Reproductive cycles of parasites are specified by their absolute fitness determined by clinical parameters, thus coupling the evolutionary-genetic with population-dynamic processes. Initial mutations confer only partial drug-resistance. Therefore, mutant parasites rarely survive combination therapy and within-host competition is very weak among parasites. The model focuses on the early phase of such unsuccessful recurrent mutations. This ends in the rare event of mutants enriching in an infected individual from which the successful spread of resistance over the entire population is initiated. By computer simulations, the waiting time until the establishment of resistant parasites is analysed. Resistance spreads quickly following the first appearance of a host infected predominantly by mutant parasites. This occurs either through a rare transmission of a resistant parasite to an uninfected host or through a rare failure of drugs in removing "transient" mutant alleles. The emergence of resistance is delayed with lower mutation rate, earlier treatment, higher metabolic cost of resistance, longer duration of high drug dose, and higher drug efficacy causing a stronger reduction in the sensitive and resistant parasites' fitnesses. Overall, contrary to other studies' proposition, the current model based on absolute fitness suggests that aggressive drug treatment delays the emergence of drug resistance. © 2014 Kim et al.
Synchrotron imaging reveals bone healing and remodelling strategies in extinct and extant vertebrates
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2014
Subjects: SRS-XRF
archosaur
histology
bone
fracture healing

description: Current understanding of bone healing andremodelling strategies in vertebrates has traditionally relied on morphological observations through the histological analysis of thin sections. However, chemical analysis may also be used in such interpretations, as different elements are known to be absorbed and used by bone for different physiological purposes such as growth and healing. These chemical signatures are beyond the detection limit of most laboratory-based analytical techniques (e.g. scanning electron microscopy). However, synchrotron rapid scanning-X-ray fluorescence (SRS-XRF) is an elemental mapping technique that uniquely combines high sensitivity (ppm), excellent sample resolution (20-100 μm) and the ability to scan large specimens (decimetre scale) approximately 3000 times faster than other mapping techniques. Here, we use SRS-XRF combined with microfocus elemental mapping (2-20 μm) to determine the distribution and concentration of trace elements within pathological and normal bone of both extant and extinct archosaurs (Cathartes aura and Allosaurus fragilis). Results reveal discrete chemical inventories within different bone tissue types and preservation modes. Chemical inventories also revealed detail of histological features not observable in thin section, including fine structures within the interface between pathological and normal bone as well as woven texture within pathological tissue. © 2014 The Authors. Published by the Royal Society.
Breakfast patterns among low-income, ethnically-diverse 4 th-6th grade children in an urban area
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Childhood obesity
Minority health
Dietary intake

description: Background: Increasing school breakfast participation has been advocated as a method to prevent childhood obesity. However, little is known about children's breakfast patterns outside of school (e.g., home, corner store). Policies that increase school breakfast participation without an understanding of children's breakfast habits outside of school may result in children consuming multiple breakfasts and may undermine efforts to prevent obesity. The aim of the current study was to describe morning food and drink consumption patterns among low-income, urban children and their associations with relative weight. Methods. A cross-sectional analysis was conducted of data obtained from 651 4th-6th graders (51.7% female, 61.2% African American, 10.7 years) in 2012. Students completed surveys at school that included all foods eaten and their locations that morning. Height and weight were measured by trained research staff. Results: On the day surveyed, 12.4% of youth reported not eating breakfast, 49.8% reported eating one breakfast, 25.5% reported eating two breakfasts, and 12.3% reported eating three or more breakfasts. The number of breakfasts consumed and BMI percentile showed a significant curvilinear relationship, with higher mean BMI percentiles observed among children who did not consume any breakfast and those who consumed ≥ 3 breakfasts. Sixth graders were significantly less likely to have consumed breakfast compared to younger children. A greater proportion of obese youth had no breakfast (18.0%) compared to healthy weight (10.1%) and overweight youth (10.7%, p =.01). Conclusions: When promoting school breakfast, policies will need to be mindful of both over- and under-consumption to effectively address childhood obesity and food insecurity. Clinical trial registration. NCT01924130 from. © 2014 Lawman et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.
title: Significado clínico de las variantes anatómicas de las articulaciones periféricas que predisponen a la patología.
Creators: name: Mut  Pons, Raúl
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Anatomy
subject: Musculoskeletal bone
subject: Musculoskeletal soft tissue
subject: MR
subject: CT
subject: Observer performance
subject: Image compression
subject: Normal variants

description: Objetivos
Material y método
Resultados
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivos:
Describir un espectro de variantes anatómicas en las articulaciones periféricas clásicamente consideradas como “variantes de la normalidad”,
en las que demostramos que eran el origen de la sintomatologia del paciente,
indicando las...
Testing the Equivalence of Regular Languages
Creators: name: Almeida, Marco
name: Moreira, Nelma
name: Reis, Rogério
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Formal Languages and Automata Theory (cs.FL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The minimal deterministic finite automaton is generally used to determine regular languages equality. Antimirov and Mosses proposed a rewrite system for deciding regular expressions equivalence of which Almeida et al. presented an improved variant. Hopcroft and Karp proposed an almost linear algorithm for testing the equivalence of two deterministic finite automata that avoids minimisation. In this paper we improve the best-case running time, present an extension of this algorithm to non-deterministic finite automata, and establish a relationship between this algorithm and the one proposed in Almeida et al. We also present some experimental comparative results. All these algorithms are closely related with the recent coalgebraic approach to automata proposed by Rutten.
Visualizing the structural evolution of LSM/xYSZ composite cathodes for SOFC by in-situ neutron diffraction
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2014
Subjects: 0912 Materials Engineering
0306 Physical Chemistry (incl. Structural)

description: Thermal stability of composite cathodes for solid oxide fuel cells, the mixtures of (La0.8Sr0.2)0.95MnO 32-δ (LSM) and (Y2O3) x(ZrO2)1-x (xYSZ, x = 3, 6, 8 and 10), is determined using in-situ neutron diffraction. Thanks to the most advanced high flux neutron source, our work highlights the visualization of the phase evolutions in heterogeneous material systems at high temperatures, along with the analysis of the diffusion activities of transition metal ions that reveal the reaction mechanism and kinetics. It is found that the tetragonal-to-cubic phase transition in YSZ at T >'C leads to a heterogeneous redistribution of Mnions. The subsequent reaction of LSM and YSZ occurring at T > 1100°C is revealed as a three-stage kinetic process, yielding La2Zr 2O7, SrZrO3 and MnO. The diffusion activities of Y, Mn and La ions in the heterogeneous systems at elevated temperatures are derived by the structural analysis, and the three-stage reaction of YSZ and LSM is found strongly correlated to ions' behaviors as functions of temperature.
Planar phonon anisotropy, and a way to detect local equilibrium temperature in graphene
Creators: name: Coco, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effect of inclusion of the planar phonon anisotropy on thermo-electrical behavior of graphene is analyzed. Charge transport is simulated by means of Direct Simulation Monte Carlo technique coupled with numerical solution of the phonon Boltzmann equations based on deterministic methods. The definition of the crystal lattice local equilibrium temperature is investigated as well and the results furnish possible alternative approaches to identify it starting from measurements of electric current density, with relevant experimental advantages, which could help to overcome the present difficulties regarding thermal investigation of graphene. Positive implications are expected for many applications, as the field of electronic devices, which needs a coherent tool for simulation of charge and hot phonon transport; the correct definition of the local equilibrium temperature is in turn fundamental for the study, design and prototyping of cooling mechanisms for graphene-based devices.
Second Epoch ALMA Observations of 321 GHz Water Maser Emission in NGC 4945 and the Circinus Galaxy
Creators: name: Hagiwara, Yoshiaki
name: Horiuchi, Shinji
name: Imanishi, Masatoshi
name: Edwards, Philip G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of second epoch ALMA observations of 321 GHz H$_2$O emission toward two nearby active galactic nuclei, NGC 4945 and the Circinus galaxy, together with Tidbinbilla 70-m monitoring of their 22 GHz H$_2$O masers. The two epoch ALMA observations show that the strengths of the 321 GHz emission are variable by a factor of at least a few, confirming a maser origin. In the second epoch, 321 GHz maser emission from NGC 4945 was not detected, while for the Circinus galaxy the flux density significantly increased and the velocity gradient and dispersion have been measured. With the velocity gradient spanning $\sim$110 km/s, we calculate the disk radius to be $\sim$28 pc, assuming disk rotation around the nucleus. We also estimate the dynamical mass within the central 28 pc to be 4.3 $\times$ 10$^8$ M$_{\odot}$, which is significantly larger than the larger scale dynamical mass, suggesting the velocity gradient does not trace circular motions on that scale. The overall direction of the velocity gradient and velocity range of the blueshifted features are largely consistent with those of the 22 GHz maser emission in a thin disk with smaller radii of 0.1--0.4 pc and molecular outflows within $\sim$1 pc from the central engine of the galaxy, implying that the 321 GHz masers could trace part of the circumnuclear disk or the nuclear outflows.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
A Parameter-Free Conditional Gradient Method for Composite Minimization under Hölder Condition
Creators: name: Ito, Masaru
name: Lu, Zhaosong
name: He, Chuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper we consider a composite optimization problem that minimizes the sum of a weakly smooth function and a convex function with either a bounded domain or a uniformly convex structure. In particular, we first present a parameter-dependent conditional gradient method for this problem, whose step sizes require prior knowledge of the parameters associated with the Hölder continuity of the gradient of the weakly smooth function, and establish its rate of convergence. Given that these parameters could be unknown or known but possibly conservative, such a method may suffer from implementation issue or slow convergence. We therefore propose a parameter-free conditional gradient method whose step size is determined by using a constructive local quadratic upper approximation and an adaptive line search scheme, without using any problem parameter. We show that this method achieves the same rate of convergence as the parameter-dependent conditional gradient method. Preliminary experiments are also conducted and illustrate the superior performance of the parameter-free conditional gradient method over the methods with some other step size rules.
description: 33 pages, 3 figures
Γ.-Φοίβος Σαργέντης. Γλυπτική. Αφίσες και προγράμματα επιλεγμένων εκθέσεων
Creators: name: G.-Fivos Sargentis
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Αφίσες και προγράμματα επιλεγμένων εκθέσεων γλυπτικής.
Γ.-Φοίβος Σαργέντης. Γλυπτική. Αφίσες και προγράμματα επιλεγμένων εκθέσεων
Creators: name: Sargentis, G.-Fivos
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: Αφίσες και προγράμματα επιλεγμένων εκθέσεων γλυπτικής.
A Wide-Field Survey of the Orion Nebula Cluster in the Near-Infrared
Creators: name: Robberto, M.
name: Soderblom, D. R.
name: Scandariato, G.
name: Smith, K.
name: Da Rio, N.
name: Pagano, I.
name: Spezzi, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present J, H and K photometry of the Orion Nebula Cluster obtained at the CTIO/Blanco 4 m telescope in Cerro Tololo with the ISPI imager. From the observations we have assembled a catalog of about 7800 sources distributed over an area of approximately 30'x40', the largest of any survey deeper than 2MASS in this region. The catalog provides absolute coordinates accurate to about 0.15 arcseconds and 3sigma photometry in the 2MASS system down to J 19.5mag, H 18.0mag, K 18.5mag, enough to detect planetary size objects 1 Myr old under Av 10mag of extinction at the distance of the Orion Nebula. We present a preliminary analysis of the catalog, done comparing the (J-H, H-K) color-color diagram, the (H, J-H) and (K, H-K) color-magnitude diagrams and the JHK luminosity functions of three regions at increasing projected distance from the Trapezium. Sources in the inner region typically show IR colors compatible with reddened T Tauri stars, whereas the outer fields are dominated by field stars seen through an amount of extinction which decreases with the distance from the center. The color-magnitude diagrams make it possible to clearly distinguish between the main ONC population, spread across the full field, and background sources. The luminosity functions of the inner region, corrected for completeness, remain relatively flat in the sub-stellar regime regardless of the strategy adopted to remove background contamination.
description: Astronomical Journal, Accepted Oct. 1, 2009
Using HIV networks to inform real time prevention interventions
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Adult
California
Cluster Analysis
Female
HIV Infections
HIV-1
Humans
Male
Mass Screening
Middle Aged
Population Surveillance
Sequence Analysis, DNA
Sexual Behavior
Sexual Partners
Young Adult
pol Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus

description: Objective: To reconstruct the local HIV-1 transmission network from 1996 to 2011 and use network data to evaluate and guide efforts to interrupt transmission. Design: HIV-1 pol sequence data were analyzed to infer the local transmission network. Methods: We analyzed HIV-1 pol sequence data to infer a partial local transmission network among 478 recently HIV-1 infected persons and 170 of their sexual and social contacts in San Diego, California. A transmission network score (TNS) was developed to estimate the risk of HIV transmission from a newly diagnosed individual to a new partner and target prevention interventions. Results: HIV-1 pol sequences from 339 individuals (52.3%) were highly similar to sequences from at least one other participant (i.e., clustered). A high TNS (top 25%) was significantly correlated with baseline risk behaviors (number of unique sexual partners and insertive unprotected anal intercourse (p = 0.014 and p = 0.0455, respectively) and predicted risk of transmission (p<0.0001). Retrospective analysis of antiretroviral therapy (ART) use, and simulations of ART targeted to individuals with the highest TNS, showed significantly reduced network level HIV transmission (p<0.05). Conclusions: Sequence data from an HIV-1 screening program focused on recently infected persons and their social and sexual contacts enabled the characterization of a highly connected transmission network. The network-based risk score (TNS) was highly correlated with transmission risk behaviors and outcomes, and can be used identify and target effective prevention interventions, like ART, to those at a greater risk for HIV-1 transmission.
Proceedings Ninth International Workshop on Reduction Strategies in Rewriting and Programming
Creators: name: Fernández, Maribel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Symbolic Computation (cs.SC)
subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This volume contains selected papers presented at the 9th International Workshop on Reduction Strategies in Rewriting and Programming, WRS2009, which was held in Brasilia on the 28th June 2009, associated to RTA 2009 (the 20th International Conference on Rewriting Techniques and Applications) at RDP, the Federated Conference on Rewriting, Deduction and Programming. Reduction strategies define which (sub)expression(s) should be selected for evaluation and which rule(s) should be applied. These choices affect fundamental properties of reductions, such as completeness, laziness and efficiency in general. The WRS workshops promote research and collaboration in the area of reduction strategies and their applications in specification and programming, theorem proving, software engineering, etc.
Inhalation of honey reduces airway inflammation and histopathological changes in a rabbit model of ovalbumin-induced chronic asthma
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Administration, Inhalation
Allergens
Animals
Asthma
Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid
Disease Models, Animal
Female
Goblet Cells
Honey
Humans
Hyperplasia
Inflammation
Male
Ovalbumin
Rabbits

description: BACKGROUND: Honey is widely used in folk medicine to treat cough, fever, and inflammation. In this study, the effect of aerosolised honey on airway tissues in a rabbit model of ovalbumin (OVA)-induced asthma was investigated. The ability of honey to act either as a rescuing agent in alleviating asthma-related symptoms or as a preventive agent to preclude the occurrence of asthma was also assessed. METHODS: Forty New Zealand white rabbits were sensitized twice with mixture of OVA and aluminium hydroxide on days 1 and 14. Honey treatments were given from day 23 to day 25 at two different doses (25% (v/v) and 50% (v/v) of honey diluted in sterile phosphate buffer saline. In the aerosolised honey as a rescue agent group, animals were euthanized on day 28; for the preventive group, animals were further exposed to aerosolised OVA for 3 days starting from day 28 and euthanized on day 31. The effects of honey on inflammatory cell response, airway inflammation, and goblet cell hyperplasia were assessed for each animal. RESULTS: Histopathological analyses revealed that aerosolised honey resulted in structural changes of the epithelium, mucosa, and submucosal regions of the airway that caused by the induction with OVA. Treatment with aerosolised honey has reduced the number of airway inflammatory cells present in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and inhibited the goblet cell hyperplasia. CONCLUSION: In this study, aerosolised honey was used to effectively treat and manage asthma in rabbits, and it could prove to be a promising treatment for asthma in humans. Future studies with a larger sample size and studies at the gene expression level are needed to better understand the mechanisms by which aerosolised honey reduces asthma symptoms.