title: ÐÐ·ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ ÑÐ»ÐµÐ¼ÐµÐ½ÑÐ¾Ð² Ð°Ð½ÑÐ¸ÑÐ°Ð³Ð¾Ð²Ð¾Ð¹ Ð·Ð°ÑÐ¸ÑÑ Ð² ÑÐ¾ÑÑÐ°Ð²Ðµ Ð°ÐºÑÐµÑÑÐ¾ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð³ÐµÐ½Ð¾Ð¼Ð° Sinorhizobium meliloti
title: Ð²ÑÐ¿ÑÑÐºÐ½Ð°Ñ ÐºÐ²Ð°Ð»Ð¸ÑÐ¸ÐºÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ° Ð¼Ð°Ð³Ð¸ÑÑÑÐ°
titleType: Subtitle
title: Study of the elements of antiphage protection in the accessory genome of Sinorhizobium meliloti
Creators: name: ÐÐºÐ¸Ð½Ð¸Ð½Ð°, Ð®Ð»Ð¸Ñ
Publisher: name: Ð¡Ð°Ð½ÐºÑ-ÐÐµÑÐµÑÐ±ÑÑÐ³ÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ ÑÐ½Ð¸Ð²ÐµÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑ ÐÐµÑÑÐ° ÐÐµÐ»Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾
Year: 2024
Subjects: ÐÐ°ÐºÑÐµÑÐ¸Ð¸
ÐÐ¸Ð¾ÑÐµÑ Ð½Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸Ñ
Ð±Ð¸Ð¾Ð¸Ð½ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¼Ð°ÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ Ð°Ð½Ð°Ð»Ð¸Ð·
bioinformatic amalysis

description: ÐÐ±ÑÐµÐºÑ Ð¸ÑÑÐ»ÐµÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ â ÐºÐ»ÑÐ±ÐµÐ½ÑÐºÐ¾Ð²ÑÐµ Ð±Ð°ÐºÑÐµÑÐ¸Ð¸ Ð²Ð¸Ð´Ð° S.meliloti. Ð Ð°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ° Ð²ÑÐ¿Ð¾Ð»Ð½ÐµÐ½Ð° Ð½Ð° Ð±Ð°Ð·Ðµ Ð»Ð°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ°ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¸Ð¸ Ð³ÐµÐ½ÐµÑÐ¸ÐºÐ¸ Ð¸ ÑÐµÐ»ÐµÐºÑÐ¸Ð¸ Ð¼Ð¸ÐºÑÐ¾Ð¾ÑÐ³Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ð·Ð¼Ð¾Ð² Ð¤ÐÐÐÐ£ ÐÐÐÐÐ¡Ð¥Ð. Ð ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐµ Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð²ÐµÐ´ÐµÐ½ Ð±Ð¸Ð¾Ð¸Ð½ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¼Ð°ÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¿Ð¾Ð¸ÑÐº Ð¿Ð¾ÑÐµÐ½ÑÐ¸Ð°Ð»ÑÐ½ÑÑ ÑÐ»ÐµÐ¼ÐµÐ½ÑÐ¾Ð² CRISPR-Cas ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐµÐ¼ Ð½Ð° Ð¿Ð»Ð°Ð·Ð¼Ð¸Ð´Ð½ÑÑ ÑÐµÐ¿Ð»Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð½Ð°Ñ Ð±Ð°ÐºÑÐµÑÐ¸Ð¹ S. meliloti. ÐÐ¿ÐµÑÐ²ÑÐµ Ð¿Ð¾ÐºÐ°Ð·Ð°Ð½Ð¾, ÑÑÐ¾ CRISPR-ÐºÐ°ÑÑÐµÑÑ Ð»Ð¾ÐºÐ°Ð»Ð¸Ð·Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ñ Ð½Ð° Ð¾Ð±ÐµÐ¸Ñ Ð¼ÐµÐ³Ð°Ð¿Ð»Ð°Ð·Ð¼Ð¸Ð´Ð°Ñ, Ð²Ð°Ð¶Ð½ÑÑ Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¼Ð¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ ÑÐ¸Ð¼Ð±Ð¸Ð¾Ð·Ð°, Ð¸ Ð½Ð° ÐºÑÐ¸Ð¿ÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ð¹ Ð¿Ð»Ð°Ð·Ð¼Ð¸Ð´Ðµ. ÐÑÑÐ²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¾ Ð¸ Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð°Ð½Ð°Ð»Ð¸Ð·Ð¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¾ 168 CRISPR-ÐºÐ°ÑÑÐµÑ Ð¸ 108 cas-Ð³ÐµÐ½Ð¾Ð². ÐÐ¾ÐºÐ°Ð·Ð°Ð½Ð¾, ÑÑÐ¾ Ð¸Ð´ÐµÐ½ÑÐ¸ÑÐ½Ð¾ÑÑÑ Ð¼ÐµÐ¶Ð´Ñ cas-Ð³ÐµÐ½Ð°Ð¼Ð¸ Ð² Ð³ÐµÐ½Ð¾Ð¼Ðµ Ð¾Ð´Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ ÑÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ð° Ð¾ÑÑÑÑÑÑÐ²Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð»Ð°, Ð½Ð¾ ÑÐºÐ°Ð·Ð°Ð½Ð½ÑÐµ ÑÐ¾Ð¾ÑÐ²ÐµÑÑÑÐ²ÑÑÑÐ¸Ðµ Ð³ÐµÐ½Ñ Ð±ÑÐ»Ð¸ ÑÑÐ¾Ð´Ð½ÑÐ¼Ð¸ Ð½Ð° 98.2% - 100% Ð² Ð³ÐµÐ½Ð¾Ð¼Ð°Ñ ÑÐ°Ð·Ð½ÑÑ ÑÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ð°Ð¼Ð¸. ÐÐ¿ÐµÑÐ²ÑÐµ Ð´Ð»Ñ ÐºÐ°ÑÑÐµÑÑ, ÑÐ°ÑÐ¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ Ð½Ð° Ð¼ÐµÐ³Ð°Ð¿Ð»Ð°Ð·Ð¼Ð¸Ð´Ðµ, Ð¾Ð¿ÑÐµÐ´ÐµÐ»ÐµÐ½Ð° Ð¿Ð¾ÑÐµÐ½ÑÐ¸Ð°Ð»ÑÐ½Ð°Ñ Ð»Ð¸Ð´ÐµÑÐ½Ð°Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÐ»ÐµÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð°ÑÐµÐ»ÑÐ½Ð¾ÑÑÑ Ð¸ Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð¼Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ñ Ð²Ð½ÑÑÑÐ¸ Ð½ÐµÐµ. ÐÐ¾ÐºÐ°Ð·Ð°Ð½Ð¾, ÑÑÐ¾ ÑÐ¿ÐµÐ¹ÑÐµÑÑ ÑÐºÐ°Ð·Ð°Ð½Ð½ÑÑ ÐºÐ°ÑÑÐµÑ Ð¸Ð¼ÐµÐ»Ð¸ ÑÑÐ¾Ð´ÑÑÐ²Ð¾ Ñ ÑÑÐ°Ð³Ð¼ÐµÐ½ÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¸ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÐ»ÐµÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð°ÑÐµÐ»ÑÐ½Ð¾ÑÑÐµÐ¹ Ð±Ð°ÐºÑÐµÑÐ¸Ð¾ÑÐ°Ð³Ð¾Ð² ÐºÐ»Ð°ÑÑÐ° Caudoviricetes Ð¸ ÑÐ¾Ð´Ð° Pandoravirus, ÑÑÐ¾ ÑÐºÐ°Ð·ÑÐ²Ð°ÐµÑ Ð½Ð° Ð¸Ñ Ð²Ð¾Ð·Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶Ð½ÑÑ Ð·Ð°ÑÐ¸ÑÐ½ÑÑ ÑÑÐ½ÐºÑÐ¸Ñ Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¸Ð² ÑÑÐ¸Ñ Ð²Ð¸ÑÑÑÐ¾Ð². Ð£ÑÑÐ°Ð½Ð¾Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¾, ÑÑÐ¾ Ð²ÑÐµ ÐºÐ°ÑÑÐµÑÑ, Ð»Ð¾ÐºÐ°Ð»Ð¸Ð·Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð½ÑÐµ Ð½Ð° Ð¼ÐµÐ³Ð°Ð¿Ð»Ð°Ð·Ð¼Ð¸Ð´Ð°Ñ, Ð¸Ð¼ÐµÐ»Ð¸ ÑÑÑÑÐºÑÑÑÑ DR-Sp-DR, Ð²Ð¼ÐµÑÑÐµ Ñ ÑÐµÐ¼, ÑÑÑÑÐºÑÑÑÐ½Ð¾Ðµ ÑÐ°Ð·Ð½Ð¾Ð¾Ð±ÑÐ°Ð·Ð¸Ðµ Ð»Ð¾ÐºÑÑÐ¾Ð² SMa Ð¸ SMb, Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÑ ÑÐ²Ð»ÑÑÑÑÑ ÑÐµÐ·ÑÐ»ÑÑÐ°ÑÐ¾Ð¼ ÑÐ¾Ð³Ð¾, ÑÑÐ¾ Ð²ÑÑÐ²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð½ÑÐµ ÐºÐ°ÑÑÐµÑÑ ÑÑÐ°ÑÑÐ²ÑÑÑ Ð² Ð°Ð½ÑÐ¸ÑÐ°Ð³Ð¾Ð²Ð¾Ð¹ Ð·Ð°ÑÐ¸ÑÐµ Ñ Ð¿ÑÐ¸ÑÐ¾Ð´Ð½ÑÑ ÑÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ð¾Ð² S. meliloti. ÐÑÐ¸ Ð²ÑÐ¿Ð¾Ð»Ð½ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ð¸ Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐ°ÑÑÑÐ½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¾Ð±Ð·Ð¾ÑÐ° Ð±ÑÐ»Ð¸ Ð¸ÑÐ¿Ð¾Ð»ÑÐ·Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ñ ÑÐ»ÐµÐ´ÑÑÑÐ¸Ðµ Ð±Ð°Ð·Ñ Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð½ÑÑ: eLIBRARY.RU, NCBI PubMed, CRISPR-Casdb, viruSITE, PhagesDB. Ð¡ÑÐ°ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÑÑ Ð¾Ð±ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐºÑ Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð½ÑÑ Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð¾Ð´Ð¸Ð»Ð¸ Ð² Microsoft Excel 2016.
description: The object of of research is root-nodule bacteria of the species Sinorhizobium meliloti. The work was carried out on the basis of the Laboratory of Genetics and Selection of Microorganisms of the All-Russian Research Institute for Agricultural Microbiology. In the study, a bioinformatic search for potential CRISPR-Cas system elements on the plasmid replicons of S. meliloti bacteria was conducted. For the first time, it was shown that CRISPR cassettes are localized on both megaplasmids, which are important for symbiosis formation, as well as on the cryptic plasmid. A total of 168 CRISPR cassettes and 108 cas-genes were identified and analyzed. It was demonstrated that there was no identity between cas-genes within the genome of a single strain, but the corresponding genes were similar by 98.2% - 100% in the genomes of different strains. For the first time, a potential leader sequence and promoter within it were identified for a cassette located on a megaplasmid. It was shown that the spacers of these cassettes had similarities with fragments of bacteriophage sequences from the Caudoviricetes class and the Pandoravirus genus, indicating their possible protective function against these viruses. It was established that all cassettes localized on the megaplasmids had a DR-Sp-DR structure, while the structural diversity of the SMa and SMb loci may result from the involvement of these cassettes in anti-phage defense in natural strains of S. meliloti. In conducting the literature review, the following databases were used: eLIBRARY.RU, NCBI PubMed, GenBank, ResearchGate, I2BC CRISPR-Casdb, viruSITE, Virus-Host DB, NCBI Taxonomy Browser, PhagesDB. Statistical analysis of the experimental data was performed using Microsoft Excel 2016 software package.