cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Supplementary materials from Molecular subtypes and risk prediction model based on malignant cell differentiation trajectories in breast cancer: differential prognosis and responses
Creators: name: Huang, Runzhi
name: Wang, Siqiao
name: Xian, Shuyuan
name: Sun, Hanlin
name: Lian, Jie
name: Liu, Ran
name: Lin, Ruoyi
name: Zhang, Jiajun
name: Wei, Chenlu
name: Shen, Jianing
name: Zhu, Jiwen
name: Yue, Xi
name: Wang, Bin
name: Yan, Penghui
name: Huang, Zongqiang
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023

description: The complex differentiation hierarchy and cellular heterogeneity of various cell populations in breast cancer (BRCA) were important factors affecting bone metastasis and response to therapy. Nevertheless, there is still a lack of a more precise classification system for current therapeutic strategies. UMAP analysis identified nine clusters and three spot types (immune spots, stromal spots and malignant spots), with 11 differentiation states further recapitulated from 2493 malignant spots. We constructed a novel BRCA stratification system (subtype Ⅰ, subtype Ⅱ, subtype Ⅲ and subtype Ⅳ) with prognosis getting worse in order, biological plausibility and clinical significance. Regulation networks were constructed along different development trajectories based on key cell fate-related genes, metastasis-related pathways, transcription factor, immune gene sets, immune cells and RPPA, investigating the relationships between primary and bone metastasis BRCA. Finally, we identified the most significant inhibitors (puromycin, MS-275, megestrol and esculetin) for bone-metastatic BRCA via targeting cell fate-related genes. Validation of large clinical cohort samples confirmed that our molecular/cell-based stratification system had strong translational medical value. In all, we revealed the complex cellular heterogeneity and a differentiated hierarchy of cell subpopulations underlying BRCA bone metastasis. We constructed a novel precise BRCA molecular/cell-based stratification system with potential diagnostic and prognostic cell fate-related markers.
The Blume-Emery-Griffiths Spin Glass and Inverted Tricritical Points
Creators: name: Özçelik, V. Ongun
name: Berker, A. Nihat
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Blume-Emery-Griffiths spin glass is studied by renormalization-group theory in d=3. The boundary between the ferromagnetic and paramagnetic phases has first-order and two types of second-order segments. This topology includes an inverted tricritical point, first-order transitions replacing second-order transitions as temperature is lowered. The phase diagrams show disconnected spin-glass regions, spin-glass and paramagnetic reentrances, and complete reentrance, where the spin-glass phase replaces the ferromagnet as temperature is lowered for all chemical potentials.
description: Added discussion, references, and figure insets. 5 pages, 6 figures. Published version
Near-resonant effects in the quantum dynamics of the H+H$_2^+$ $\rightarrow$ H$_2$+ H$^+$ charge transfer reaction and isotopic variants
Creators: name: Sanz-Sanz, Cristina
name: Aguado, Alfredo
name: Roncero, Octavio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The non-adiabatic quantum dynamics of the H+H$_2^+$ $\rightarrow$ H$_2$+ H$^+$ charge transfer reactions, and some isotopic variants, is studied with an accurate wave packet method. A recently developed $3\times$3 diabatic potential model is used, which is based on very accurate {\it ab initio} calculations and includes the long-range interactions for ground and excited states. It is found that for initial H$_2^+$(v=0), the quasi-degenerate H$_2$(v'=4) non-reactive charge transfer product is enhanced, producing an increase of the reaction probability and cross section. It becomes the dominant channel from collision energies above 0.2 eV, producing a ratio, between v'=4 and the rest of v's, that increases up to 1 eV. H+H$_2^+$ $\rightarrow$ H$_2^+$+ H exchange reaction channel is nearly negligible, while the reactive and non-reactive charge transfer reaction channels are of the same order, except that corresponding to H$_2$(v'=4), and the two charge transfer processes compete below 0.2 eV. This enhancement is expected to play an important vibrational and isotopic effect that need to be evaluated. For the three proton case, the problem of the permutation symmetry is discussed when using reactant Jacobi coordinates.
description: 13 pages, 7 figures, Accepted for publication in J. Chem. Phys. (2021)
A narrow-band search for Ly alpha emitting galaxies at z = 8.8
Creators: name: Cuby, J. -G.
name: Hibon, P.
name: Lidman, C.
name: Fevre, O. Le
name: Gilmozzi, R.
name: Moorwood, A.
name: van der Werf, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aims: The first star forming galaxies in the early universe should be copious Ly alpha emitters, and may play a significant role in ionizing the intergalactic medium (IGM). It has been proposed that the luminosity function of Lya emitting galaxies beyond z~6 may be used to constrain the neutral fraction of the IGM during this epoch. In this work we report on a search for Ly alpha emitters at redshift 8.8. Methods: We performed a narrow band imaging programme using ISAAC at the ESO VLT. Seven fields, covering a total area of 31sq. arcmin and for which optical and broad band infra-red images have been obtained in the GOODS survey, were imaged to a limiting flux (respectively luminosity) of ~ 1.3 x 10^{-17} ergs.s^{-1}.cm^{-2} (respectively ~ 1.3 x 10^{43} ergs.s^{-1} in a narrow band filter centered in a region of low OH sky emission at 1.19 micron. Candidate Lyman alpha emitters are objects that are detected in the ISAAC NB images and undetected in the visible broad band images. Results: No z=8.8 Ly alpha emitting galaxies were detected to a limit approaching recent estimates of the luminosity function at z ~ 6. Our results do suggest, however, that detections or substantial constraints could be achieved by this method in the near future with larger field instruments planned for various telescopes.
description: 7 pages, accepted for publication in A&A
Higher Gauge Theory and Gravity in (2+1) Dimensions
Creators: name: Mann, R. B.
name: Popescu, Eugeniu M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Non-abelian higher gauge theory has recently emerged as a generalization of standard gauge theory to higher dimensional (2-dimensional in the present context) connection forms, and as such, it has been successfully applied to the non-abelian generalizations of the Yang-Mills theory and 2-form electrodynamics. (2+1)-dimensional gravity, on the other hand, has been a fertile testing ground for many concepts related to classical and quantum gravity, and it is therefore only natural to investigate whether we can find an application of higher gauge theory in this latter context. In the present paper we investigate the possibility of applying the formalism of higher gauge theory to gravity in (2+1) dimensions, and we show that a nontrivial model of (2+1)-dimensional gravity coupled to scalar and tensorial matter fields - the $ΣΦEA$ model - can be formulated both as a standard gauge theory and as a higher gauge theory. Since the model has a very rich structure - it admits as solutions black-hole BTZ-like geometries, particle-like geometries as well as Robertson-Friedman-Walker cosmological-like expanding geometries - this opens a wide perspective for higher gauge theory to be tested and understood in a relevant gravitational context. Additionally, it offers the possibility of studying gravity in (2+1) dimensions coupled to matter in an entirely new framework.
description: 22 pages
Prenatal lead exposure: associations with growth and anthropometry in early childhood in a UK observational birth cohort study: Supplementary material R1
Creators: name: Taylor, Caroline
name: Golding, Jean
name: Kordas, Katarzyna
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 111704 Community Child Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 111706 Epidemiology
subject: 111401 Foetal Development and Medicine
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Supplementary data for paper 'Prenatal lead exposure: associations with growth and anthropometry in early childhood in a UK observational birth cohort study' (Taylor et al. 2021)
Στατική ανάλυση θερμικών ροών από αντιπροσωπευτικές θερμογέφυρες του κτιριακού κελύφους.
Creators: name: Αβραμίδου, Ελενα Ισαάκ
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2016
Subjects: Θερμογέφυρες
Συντελεστής γραμμικής θερμοπερατότητας
Παραμετρικές αναλύσεις
Thermal bridges
Linear thermal transfer coefficient
Parametric analysis

description: Αντικείμενο της παρούσας διπλωματικής εργασίας είναι η ανάλυση των θερμικών ροών μέσω αντιπροσωπευτικών θερμογεφυρών του κτιριακού κελύφους. Λόγω της πολύπλοκης φύσης των γραμμικών θερμογεφυρών, η επίδραση τους κατά τον υπολογισμό των συνολικών θερμικών απωλειών σε ένα κτίριο λαμβάνεται υπόψη με τη βοήθεια του συντελεστή γραμμικής θερμοπερατότητας. Κύριος στόχος της εργασίας είναι να διερευνηθεί η σχέση του συντελεστή γραμμικής θερμοπερατότητας με το πάχος της θερμομονωτικής στρώσης, αλλά και με τον συντελεστή θερμικής αγωγιμότητας. Επίσης, αναζητούνται τρόποι αντιμετώπισης των θερμογεφυρών με την προσθήκη πρόσθετης μονωτικής στρώσης σε κατάλληλες θέσεις των διατομών. Τέλος, εξετάζεται η βελτίωση της θερμομονωτικής απόδοσης με την προσθήκη μιας λεπτής μονωτικής στρώσης σε κατάλληλες θέσεις των διατομών που φέρουν πρόβολο, μιας και ο τελευταίος ενισχύει την επίδραση των θερμογεφυρών. Η παραμετρική ανάλυση αφορά το μήκος της πρόσθετης στρώσης που φαίνεται να οδηγεί σε περαιτέρω μείωση του συντελεστή γραμμικής θερμοπερατότητας.
description: Purpose of this thesis is the analysis of the heat flow through thermal bridges representative of the building envelope. Because of the complex nature of linear thermal bridges, their effect when calculating the total heat loss in a building is taken into account with the help of the linear thermal transfer coefficient. The main objective of this study is to investigate the relationship of the linear thermal transfer coefficient with thickness insulating layer, and thermal conductivity. Τhe thesis also seeks ways of addressing the thermal bridges by adding additional insulation layer at appropriate locations of the sections. Finally, the improved heat insulating performance by the addition of a thin insulating layer at appropriate positions of the sections bearing cantilever is examined, since the latter enhances the effect of thermal bridges. The parametric analysis concerns the length of the additional layer that seems to lead to a further reduction of linear thermal transfer coefficient.
Additional file 1 of Disability-adjusted life years associated with population ageing in China, 1990-2017
Creators: name: Li, Ruotong
name: Cheng, Xunjie
name: Schwebel, David C.
name: Yang, Yang
name: Ning, Peishan
name: Cheng, Peixia
name: Hu, Guoqing
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Additional file 1.
On Value Recomputation to Accelerate Invisible Speculation
Creators: name: Sakalis, Christos
name: Chowdhury, Zamshed I.
name: Wadle, Shayne
name: Akturk, Ismail
name: Ros, Alberto
name: Själander, Magnus
name: Kaxiras, Stefanos
name: Karpuzcu, Ulya R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Hardware Architecture (cs.AR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recent architectural approaches that address speculative side-channel attacks aim to prevent software from exposing the microarchitectural state changes of transient execution. The Delay-on-Miss technique is one such approach, which simply delays loads that miss in the L1 cache until they become non-speculative, resulting in no transient changes in the memory hierarchy. However, this costs performance, prompting the use of value prediction (VP) to regain some of the delay. However, the problem cannot be solved by simply introducing a new kind of speculation (value prediction). Value-predicted loads have to be validated, which cannot be commenced until the load becomes non-speculative. Thus, value-predicted loads occupy the same amount of precious core resources (e.g., reorder buffer entries) as Delay-on-Miss. The end result is that VP only yields marginal benefits over Delay-on-Miss. In this paper, our insight is that we can achieve the same goal as VP (increasing performance by providing the value of loads that miss) without incurring its negative side-effect (delaying the release of precious resources), if we can safely, non-speculatively, recompute a value in isolation (without being seen from the outside), so that we do not expose any information by transferring such a value via the memory hierarchy. Value Recomputation, which trades computation for data transfer was previously proposed in an entirely different context: to reduce energy-expensive data transfers in the memory hierarchy. In this paper, we demonstrate the potential of value recomputation in relation to the Delay-on-Miss approach of hiding speculation, discuss the trade-offs, and show that we can achieve the same level of security, reaching 93% of the unsecured baseline performance (5% higher than Delay-on-miss), and exceeding (by 3%) what even an oracular (100% accuracy and coverage) value predictor could do.
The Survey for Ionization in Neutral Gas Galaxies: I. Description and Initial Results
Creators: name: Meurer, Gerhardt R.
name: Hanish, D. J.
name: Ferguson, H. C.
name: Knezek, P. M.
name: Kilborn, V. A.
name: Putman, M. E.
name: Smith, R. C.
name: Koribalski, B.
name: Meyer, M.
name: Oey, M. S.
name: Ryan-Weber, E. V.
name: Zwaan, M. A.
name: Heckman, T. M.
name: Kennicutt,, R. C.
name: Lee, J. C.
name: Webster, R. L.
name: Dopita, J. Bland-Hawthorn M. A.
name: Freeman, K. C.
name: Doyle, M. T.
name: Drinkwater, M. J.
name: Staveley-Smith, L.
name: Werk, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce the Survey for Ionization in Neutral Gas Galaxies (SINGG), a census of star formation in HI-selected galaxies. The survey consists of H-alpha and R-band imaging of a sample of 468 galaxies selected from the HI Parkes All Sky Survey (HIPASS). The sample spans three decades in HI mass and is free of many of the biases that affect other star forming galaxy samples. We present the criteria for sample selection, list the entire sample, discuss our observational techniques, and describe the data reduction and calibration methods. This paper focuses on 93 SINGG targets whose observations have been fully reduced and analyzed to date. The majority of these show a single Emission Line Galaxy (ELG). We see multiple ELGs in 13 fields, with up to four ELGs in a single field. All of the targets in this sample are detected in H-alpha indicating that dormant (non-star forming) galaxies with M(HI) > ~3e7 M_sun are very rare. A database of the measured global properties of the ELGs is presented. The ELG sample spans four orders of magnitude in luminosity (H-alpha and R-band), and H-alpha surface brightness, nearly three orders of magnitude in R surface brightness and nearly two orders of magnitude in H-alpha equivalent width (EW). The surface brightness distribution of our sample is broader than that of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey spectroscopic sample, the (EW) distribution is broader than prism-selected samples, and the morphologies found include all common types of star forming galaxies (e.g. irregular, spiral, blue compact dwarf, starbursts, merging and colliding systems, and even residual star formation in S0 and Sa spirals). (abridged)
description: 28 pages, ApJS, in press. Full resolution version with all panels of Fig. 8 available at http://sungg.pha.jhu.edu/publications.html . On line data available at http://sungg.pha.jhu.edu/PubData/ . Author list corrected. Wrong value for f_ap used in eq. 7 now corrected; typos corrected, non-used references replaced, others updated
Soliton solutions of the shifted nonlocal NLS and MKdV equations
Creators: name: Gürses, Metin
name: Pekcan, Aslı
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We find one- and two-soliton solutions of shifted nonlocal NLS and MKdV equations. We discuss the singular structures of these soliton solutions and present some of the graphs of them.
description: 13 pages, 3 figures
Αγγεία για εγχυτρισμούς και καύσεις στα νεκροταφεία των οικισμών της Χαλκιδικής κατά την εποχή του Σιδήρου και την αρχαϊκή περίοδο.
Creators: name: Παπουτσάκης, Εμμανουήλ Στέφανου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2016
Subjects: Αγγεία για εγχυτρισμούς και καύσεις
Νεκροταφεία των οικισμών της Χαλκιδικής
Εποχή Σιδήρου και αρχαϊκή περίοδο
Vessels for inhumations and cremations
Cemeteries of Chalcidice
Iron Age and Αrchaic period

description: Σκοπός της μεταπτυχιακής μου εργασίας ήταν η μελέτη των πληροφοριών για τα αγγεία εγχυτρισμών και καύσεων στα νεκροταφεία των οικισμών της Χαλκιδικής κατά την εποχή του Σιδήρου και την αρχαϊκή περίοδο. Πρώτα, εξετάσαμε σε γενικές γραμμές τα έθιμα ταφής από την ΥΕ ΙΙΙ Γ έως και την πρώιμη αρχαϊκή περίοδο στη Μακεδονία και στη συνέχεια παρουσιάσαμε εκτενώς τα έθιμα ταφής, που έχουν σχέση με τα αγγεία εγχυτρισμών και καύσεων στη Χαλκιδική της ίδιας περιόδου. Ακόμη αναφερθήκαμε με συντομία στα έθιμα ταφής της αρχαϊκής περιόδου στη Μακεδονία και τη Χαλκιδική και μετέπειτα αναλύσαμε λεπτομερώς τα ταφικά έθιμα, που έχουν σχέση με τα αγγεία εγχυτρισμών και καύσεων στη Χαλκιδική από τον 8ο αι. π.Χ. έως και την ύστερη αρχαϊκή περίοδο. Ένα άλλο θέμα που θίξαμε εκτενώς ήταν η τυπολογία και η διακόσμηση των αγγείων εγχυτρισμών και καύσεων της Χαλκιδικής από την ΥΕ ΙΙΙ Γ έως και τις αρχές του 5ου αι. π.Χ. Τέλος, αναφερθήκαμε στα κτερίσματα των αγγείων εγχυτρισμών και καύσεων από την ΥΕ ΙΙΙ Γ έως και τις αρχές του 5ου αι. π.Χ.
description: Τhe aim of my master thesis was the study of the information for the vessels of inhumations and cremations in the cemeteries of Chalcidice during the Iron Age and the Αrchaic period. First, we examined in brief the burial customs of the LH III C until the early Αrchaic period in Macedonia and then we presented in detail the burial customs relating to the vessels of inhumations and cremations in Chalcidice of the same period. Furthermore we referred in brief to the burial customs of the Αrchaic period in Macedonia and Chalcidice and then we analyzed extensively the burial customs relating to the vessels of inhumations and cremations in Chalcidice from the 8th century B.C. until the late Αrchaic period. We also examined in detail the typology and decoration of the vessels of inhumations and cremations in Chalcidice from the LH III C until the early 5th century B.C. At the end, we analyzed the grave goods of the vessels of inhumations and cremations from the LH III C until the early 5th century B.C.
A probabilistic analysis of a leader election algorithm
Creators: name: Mohamed, Hanene
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A {\em leader election} algorithm is an elimination process that divides recursively into tow subgroups an initial group of n items, eliminates one subgroup and continues the procedure until a subgroup is of size 1. In this paper the biased case is analyzed. We are interested in the {\em cost} of the algorithm, i.e. the number of operations needed until the algorithm stops. Using a probabilistic approach, the asymptotic behavior of the algorithm is shown to be related to the behavior of a hitting time of two random sequences on [0,1].
Hamiltonian pitchfork bifurcation in transition across index-1 saddles
Creators: name: Lyu, Wenyang
name: Naik, Shibabrat
name: Wiggins, Stephen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 37J06 (Primary), 37M25, 37N20 (Secondary)

description: We study the effect of changes in the parameters of a two-dimensional potential energy surface on the phase space structures relevant for chemical reaction dynamics. The changes in the potential energy are representative of chemical reactions such as isomerization between two structural conformations or dissociation of a molecule with an intermediate. We present a two degrees of freedom quartic Hamiltonian that shows pitchfork bifurcation when the parameters are varied and we derive the bifurcation criteria relating the parameters. Next, we describe the phase space structures - unstable periodic orbits and their associated invariant manifolds, and phase space dividing surfaces - for the systems that can show trajectories undergo reaction defined as crossing of a potential energy barrier. Finally, we quantify the reaction dynamics for these systems by obtaining the directional flux and gap time distribution to illustrate the dependence on total energy and the coupling strength between the two degrees of freedom.
description: 16 pages, 8 figures
Small group elicitation session on locative constructions
Creators: name: Massoma, Achille
name: Borchardt, Nadine
name: Lionnet, Florian
name: Hyman, Larry M.
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: abb

description: Elicitation of locative constructions: "The bag is on the table"; "The bag is under the table"; "The bag is next to the table"; "left and right of"; "the book is behind/in front of the door"; "The bag is on the wall"; "The banana is inside the bag"; "The bag is in Yaounde"; "The child is outside; front yard/backyard"; "The bag is between the houses"; "The bag is between the houses".
Additional file 1: of Inhibition of EGFR signaling with Spautin-1 represents a novel therapeutics for prostate cancer
Creators: name: Liao, Yuning
name: Guo, Zhiqiang
name: Xia, Xiaohong
name: Liu, Yuan
name: Huang, Chuyi
name: Jiang, Lili
name: Wang, Xuejun
name: Liu, Jinbao
name: Huang, Hongbiao
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Figure S1. Spautin-1 suppresses the proliferation of PCa independent of USP10 and USP13. Figure S2. High dose of Spautin-1 triggers caspase-dependent apoptosis in PCa cells. Figure S3. JNK and ERK mediate Spautin-1-induced growth inhibition. Fig. S4 Spautin-1 inhibits cell survival in glucose deprivation condition via down-regulating Glut1. Figure S5. Spautin-1 suppresses PCa growth in vivo. (a) Immunohistochemistry staining assay was performed to detect the protein expression of Ki67 in the indicated xenograft samples. (DOCX 660 kb)
Conductance through an array of quantum dots
Creators: name: Lobos, A. M.
name: Aligia, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a simple approach to study the conductance through an array of $N$ interacting quantum dots, weakly coupled to metallic leads. Using a mapping to an effective site which describes the low-lying excitations and a slave-boson representation in the saddle-point approximation, we calculated the conductance through the system. Explicit results are presented for N=1 and N=3: a linear array and an isosceles triangle. For N=1 in the Kondo limit, the results are in very good agreement with previous results obtained with numerical renormalization group (NRG). In the case of the linear trimer for odd $N$, when the parameters are such that electron-hole symmetry is induced, we obtain perfect conductance $G_0=2e^2/h$. The validity of the approach is discussed in detail.
description: to appear in Phys. Rev. B
title: "Phantasiebilder" der Kausalität bei Max Weber. Eine Replik auf Karsten Fischers Beitrag
Creators: name: Englmaier, Florian
Publisher: name: Center for Advanced Studies LMU
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 320 Political science
subject: 330 Economics
subject: FOS: Political Science
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: In der Ökonomie war die sogenannte „credibility revolution“ der prägende Trend der letzten 15 bis 20 Jahre. Hierbei ging es darum, in empirischer Arbeit einen ganz starken Fokus auf die Etablierung kausaler Zusammenhänge zu legen. Dies führte, zum Teil, auch zu einer methodischen Verengung auf RCTs, also Feldexperimente (randomized controlled trials). Dies fand auch in der Verleihung des Nobelpreises 2020 an Banerjee, Duflo und Kremer – für die Entwicklung ihres experimentell basierten Ansatzes zur Bekämpfung der globalen Armut – seinen Niederschlag.
The Path to Buried Treasure: Paving the Way to the FLAMINGOS-2 Galactic Center Survey with IR and X-ray Observations
Creators: name: Bandyopadhyay, Reba M.
name: Eikenberry, Stephen S.
name: Dewitt, Curtis
name: Gosling, Andrew J.
name: Muno, Michael P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I describe the IR and X-ray campaign we have undertaken to determine the nature of the faint discrete X-ray source population discovered by Chandra in the Galactic Center. These results will provide the input to the FLAMINGOS-2 Galactic Center Survey (F2GCS). With FLAMINGOS-2's multi-object IR spectrograph we will obtain 1000s of IR spectra of candidate X-ray source counterparts, allowing us to efficiently identify the nature of these sources, and thus dramatically increase the number of known X-ray binaries and CVs in the Milky Way.
description: To be published in Proceedings of 'A Population Explosion: The Nature and Evolution of X-ray Binaries in Diverse Environments', 28 Oct - 2 Nov, St. Pete Beach, FL; eds. R.M. Bandyopadhyay, S. Wachter, D. Gelino, C.R. Gelino; AIP Conference Proceedings Series
Hate speech detection using static BERT embeddings
Creators: name: Rajput, Gaurav
name: punn, Narinder Singh
name: Sonbhadra, Sanjay Kumar
name: Agarwal, Sonali
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: With increasing popularity of social media platforms hate speech is emerging as a major concern, where it expresses abusive speech that targets specific group characteristics, such as gender, religion or ethnicity to spread violence. Earlier people use to verbally deliver hate speeches but now with the expansion of technology, some people are deliberately using social media platforms to spread hate by posting, sharing, commenting, etc. Whether it is Christchurch mosque shootings or hate crimes against Asians in west, it has been observed that the convicts are very much influenced from hate text present online. Even though AI systems are in place to flag such text but one of the key challenges is to reduce the false positive rate (marking non hate as hate), so that these systems can detect hate speech without undermining the freedom of expression. In this paper, we use ETHOS hate speech detection dataset and analyze the performance of hate speech detection classifier by replacing or integrating the word embeddings (fastText (FT), GloVe (GV) or FT + GV) with static BERT embeddings (BE). With the extensive experimental trails it is observed that the neural network performed better with static BE compared to using FT, GV or FT + GV as word embeddings. In comparison to fine-tuned BERT, one metric that significantly improved is specificity.
Using Prior Knowledge to Guide BERT's Attention in Semantic Textual Matching Tasks
Creators: name: Xia, Tingyu
name: Wang, Yue
name: Tian, Yuan
name: Chang, Yi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We study the problem of incorporating prior knowledge into a deep Transformer-based model,i.e.,Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT), to enhance its performance on semantic textual matching tasks. By probing and analyzing what BERT has already known when solving this task, we obtain better understanding of what task-specific knowledge BERT needs the most and where it is most needed. The analysis further motivates us to take a different approach than most existing works. Instead of using prior knowledge to create a new training task for fine-tuning BERT, we directly inject knowledge into BERT's multi-head attention mechanism. This leads us to a simple yet effective approach that enjoys fast training stage as it saves the model from training on additional data or tasks other than the main task. Extensive experiments demonstrate that the proposed knowledge-enhanced BERT is able to consistently improve semantic textual matching performance over the original BERT model, and the performance benefit is most salient when training data is scarce.
description: 10 pages, WWW'21, April19-23, 2021, Ljubljana, Slovenia
Small group elicitation session on possession
Creators: name: Massoma, Achille
name: Borchardt, Nadine
name: Lionnet, Florian
name: Hyman, Larry M.
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: abb

description: 1st and 2nd person singular possessive pronouns for: 'wife', 'chief' and 'person'; 'husband', 'rope', 'kola nut'; 'bird', 'drum'. Possessives: "this is mine and this is yours" with 'spoon', 'elephant' and 'bag'; 'child', 'animal'.
Population Studies of the Unidentified EGRET Sources
Creators: name: Siegal-Gaskins, J. M.
name: Pavlidou, V.
name: Olinto, A. V.
name: Brown, C.
name: Fields, B. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The third EGRET catalog contains a large number of unidentified sources. This subset of objects is expected to include known gamma-ray emitters of Galactic origin such as pulsars and supernova remnants, in addition to an extragalactic population of blazars. However, current data allows the intriguing possibility that some of these objects may represent a new class of yet undiscovered gamma-ray sources. Many theoretically motivated candidate emitters (e.g. clumps of annihilating dark matter particles) have been suggested to account for these detections. We take a new approach to determine to what extent this population is Galactic and to investigate the nature of the possible Galactic component. By assuming that galaxies similar to the Milky Way should host comparable populations of objects, we constrain the allowed Galactic abundance and distribution of various classes of gamma-ray sources using the EGRET data set. We find it is highly improbable that a large number of the unidentified sources are members of a Galactic halo population, but that a distribution of the sources entirely in the disk and bulge is plausible. Finally, we discuss the additional constraints and new insights that GLAST will provide.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures, to appear in proceedings of "The Multi-Messenger Approach to High Energy Gamma-Ray Sources", Barcelona, 4-7 July, 2006; comments welcome
Semantically Meaningful Class Prototype Learning for One-Shot Image Semantic Segmentation
Creators: name: Chen, Tao
name: Xie, Guosen
name: Yao, Yazhou
name: Wang, Qiong
name: Shen, Fumin
name: Tang, Zhenmin
name: Zhang, Jian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: One-shot semantic image segmentation aims to segment the object regions for the novel class with only one annotated image. Recent works adopt the episodic training strategy to mimic the expected situation at testing time. However, these existing approaches simulate the test conditions too strictly during the training process, and thus cannot make full use of the given label information. Besides, these approaches mainly focus on the foreground-background target class segmentation setting. They only utilize binary mask labels for training. In this paper, we propose to leverage the multi-class label information during the episodic training. It will encourage the network to generate more semantically meaningful features for each category. After integrating the target class cues into the query features, we then propose a pyramid feature fusion module to mine the fused features for the final classifier. Furthermore, to take more advantage of the support image-mask pair, we propose a self-prototype guidance branch to support image segmentation. It can constrain the network for generating more compact features and a robust prototype for each semantic class. For inference, we propose a fused prototype guidance branch for the segmentation of the query image. Specifically, we leverage the prediction of the query image to extract the pseudo-prototype and combine it with the initial prototype. Then we utilize the fused prototype to guide the final segmentation of the query image. Extensive experiments demonstrate the superiority of our proposed approach.
Randomly forced DNA
Creators: name: Kapri, Rajeev
name: Bhattacharjee, Somendra M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We study the effect of random forces on a double stranded DNA in unzipping the two strands, analogous to the problem of an adsorbed polymer under a random force. The ground state develops bubbles of various lengths as the random force fluctuation is increased. The unzipping phase diagram is shown to be drastically different from the pure case.
description: 4 figures, Published Version
Type Ia Supernova Diversity from 3-dimensional Models
Creators: name: Roepke, F. K.
name: Gieseler, M.
name: Hillebrandt, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results from a systematic study of the effects of initial parameters on three-dimensional thermonuclear supernova models.
description: 2 pages, has been published in "1604-2004: Supernovae as Cosmological Lighthouses", ed. by M. Turatto, W. R. L. Shea, S. Benetti, L. Zampieri, ASP Conference Series 342 397-398 (2005)
A Position and Pulse Shape Discriminant p-Terphenyl Detector Module
Creators: name: Scriven, D. P.
name: Christian, G.
name: Rogachev, G. V.
name: Parker, C. E.
name: Sobotka, L. G.
name: Ahn, S.
name: Chubarian, G.
name: Ota, S.
name: Aboud, E.
name: Bishop, J.
name: Koshchiy, E.
name: Thomas, A. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the development of a neutron detector array module made with $\textit{para}$-terphenyl, a bright, fast, n/$γ$ discriminating crystalline organic scintillator. The module is comprised of 2 cm $\times$ 2 cm $\times$ 2 cm $\textit{p}$-terphenyl crystals that have been optically coupled together to create a $\textit{pseudo-bar}$ module. While only relying on two photo detectors, the module is capable of distinguishing interactions between up to eight crystals. Furthermore, the module retains the $\textit{p}$-terphenyl's pulse shape discrimination (PSD) capability. Together this makes the pseudo-bar module a promising position-sensitive neutron detector. Here we present characteristics of the pseudo-bar module - its timing resolution as well as its pulse shape and position discrimination capabilities, and briefly discuss future plans for utilizing an array of pseudo-bar modules in a useful neutron detector system.
description: 13 pages, 12 figures, published in Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A
Quest for quantum superpositions of a mirror: high and moderately low temperatures
Creators: name: Bernád, József Zsolt
name: Diósi, Lajos
name: Geszti, Tamás
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Born-Markov master equation analysis of the vibrating mirror and photon experiment proposed by Marshall, Simon, Penrose and Bouwmeester is completed by including the important issues of temperature and friction. We find that at the level of cooling available to date, visibility revivals are purely classical, and no quantum effect can be detected by the setup, no matter how strong the photon-mirror coupling is. Checking proposals of universal nonenvironmental decoherence is ruled out by dominating thermal decoherence; a conjectured coordinate-diffusion contribution to decoherence may become observable on reaching moderately low temperatures.
description: revised; the published version
Di-electrons from $η$ meson Dalitz decay in proton-proton collisions
Creators: name: Kaptari, L. P.
name: Kampfer, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The reaction $ pp \to pp η\to pp γe^+ e^-$ is discussed within a covariant effective meson-nucleon theory. The model is adjusted to data of the subreaction $pp \to pp η$. Our focus is on di-electrons from Dalitz decays of $η$ mesons, $η\to γγ^* \toγe^+e^-$, and the role of the corresponding transition form factor $F_{ηγγ^*}$. Numerical results are presented for the intermediate energy kinematics of HADES experiments.
Metastability Driven by Soft Quantum Fluctuation Modes
Creators: name: Zoli, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The semiclassical Euclidean path integral method is applied to compute the low temperature quantum decay rate for a particle placed in the metastable minimum of a cubic potential in a {\it finite} time theory. The classical path, which makes a saddle for the action, is derived in terms of Jacobian elliptic functions whose periodicity establishes the one-to-one correspondence between energy of the classical motion and temperature (inverse imaginary time) of the system. The quantum fluctuation contribution has been computed through the theory of the functional determinants for periodic boundary conditions. The decay rate shows a peculiar temperature dependence mainly due to the softening of the low lying quantum fluctuation eigenvalues. The latter are determined by solving the Lamè equation which governs the fluctuation spectrum around the time dependent classical bounce.
description: Journal of Low Temperature Physics (2008) Publisher: Springer Netherlands
The Cross-Correlation of High-Redshift 21 cm and Galaxy Surveys
Creators: name: Furlanetto, Steven
name: Lidz, Adam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the detectability of the cross-correlation between 21 cm emission from the intergalactic medium and the galaxy distribution during (and before) reionization. We show that first-generation 21 cm experiments, such as the Mileura Widefield Array (MWA), can measure the cross-correlation to a precision of several percent on scales k~0.1/Mpc if combined with a deep galaxy survey detecting all galaxies with m>10^10 Msol over the entire ~800 square degree field of view of the MWA. LOFAR can attain even better limits with galaxy surveys covering its ~50 square degree field of view. The errors on the cross-power spectrum scale with the square root of the overlap volume, so even reasonably modest surveys of several square degrees should yield a positive detection with either instrument. In addition to the obvious scientific value, the cross-correlation has four key advantages over the 21 cm signal alone: (1) its signal-to-noise exceeds that of the 21 cm power spectrum by a factor of several, allowing it to probe smaller spatial scales and perhaps to detect inhomogeneous reionization more efficiently; (2) it allows a cleaner division of the redshift-space distortions (although only if the galaxy redshifts are known precisely); (3) by correlating with the high-redshift galaxy population, the cosmological nature of the 21 cm fluctuations can be determined unambiguously; and (4) the required level of foreground cleaning for the 21 cm signal is vastly reduced.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures, submitted to ApJ
Evolutionary biology of Siphonostomatoida (Copepoda) parasitic on vertebrates
Creators: name: Benz, George William
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: A phylogeny for the 18 families of Siphonostomatoida (Copepoda) parasitic on vertebrates is presented which considers these taxa a monophyletic group evolved from siphonostome associates of invertebrates. Discussion of the evolutionary biology of these families is presented using this phylogeny as a foundation for comparison. Siphonostomes typically attach at specific locations on their hosts. Although copepod morphology can sometimes be used to explain realized niches, most copepod distributions remain mysteriously confined. Distribution data suggest that the branchial chambers were the first regions of the vertebrate body to be colonized, and that the olfactory capsules of vertebrates may have been derived from some premandibular branchial component which caused an evolutionary split in the copepod fauna infecting the branchial chambers of noseless and jawless vertebrates. The general body surfaces of vertebrates were probably colonized by taxa infecting the gills and olfactory capsules, and perhaps was facilitated by a new type larva possessing a frontal filament. Adults of these larvae appear to have developed two modes of extending this progress in attachment security throughout adulthood. One mode involved new methods of permanent attachment of mature females, while the second mode allowed both powerful swimming and efficient suctoral attachment. Reduction in the number of molts required to reach adulthood is exhibited by some lineages, and seems to have been realized through amalgamation of free living nauplius and/or parasitic copepodid stages. The first copepodid serves as the initial infective stage throughout all lineages. While most siphonostome taxa are monoxenous, at least some pennellids are heteroxenous. Evolution of two host life cycles perhaps was facilitated by a highly mobile young adult capable of infecting another host, and by the close ecological association of the intermediate and definitive hosts. Although not widespread, mesoparasitism has apparently evolved several times among siphonostome taxa infecting vertebrates. Phylogenetic data illustrate that once a lineage becomes mesoparasitic, reversal to ectoparasitism is uncommon. Two siphonostome lineages have successfully invaded fresh water. This significant ecological shift appears to have been facilitated by a number of morphological, developmental, and ecological traits. Preliminary studies suggest that siphonostomes have sometimes coevolved with their vertebrate hosts while at other times they have colonized phylogenetically distant but ecologically similar hosts. Overall, the speciation rate of these copepods seems to have lagged behind that of potential host taxa.
title: Max Webers "Plebiszitäre Führerdemokratie". Gedanken zu Karsten Fischers Beitrag
Creators: name: Sunde, Uwe
Publisher: name: Center for Advanced Studies LMU
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 320 Political science
subject: 330 Economics
subject: FOS: Political Science
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Einen ersten aktuellen Bezugspunkt liefert die Webersche Vorstellung von der Beamtenherrschaft, die eine überraschende Parallele zu aktuellen Argumentationsfiguren von Rechtspopulisten in vielen Ländern findet. So lamentierte Donald Trump wiederholt über einen deep state, der seine Machtübernahme verhindern oder zumindest beschneiden, wenn nicht rückgängig machen wolle.
Future merger of the Milky Way with the Andromeda galaxy and the fate of their supermassive black holes
Creators: name: Schiavi, Riccardo
name: Capuzzo-Dolcetta, Roberto
name: Arca-Sedda, Manuel
name: Spera, Mario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Our Galaxy and the nearby Andromeda galaxy (M31) are the most massive members of the Local Group, and they seem to be a bound pair, despite the uncertainties on the relative motion of the two galaxies. A number of studies have shown that the two galaxies will likely undergo a close approach in the next 4$-$5 Gyr. We used direct $N$-body simulations to model this interaction to shed light on the future of the Milky Way - Andromeda system and for the first time explore the fate of the two supermassive black holes (SMBHs) that are located at their centers. We investigated how the uncertainties on the relative motion of the two galaxies, linked with the initial velocities and the density of the diffuse environment in which they move, affect the estimate of the time they need to merge and form ``Milkomeda''. After the galaxy merger, we follow the evolution of their two SMBHs up to their close pairing and fusion. Upon the fiducial set of parameters, we find that Milky Way and Andromeda will have their closest approach in the next 4.3 Gyr and merge over a span of 10 Gyr. Although the time of the first encounter is consistent with other predictions, we find that the merger occurs later than previously estimated. We also show that the two SMBHs will spiral in the inner region of Milkomeda and coalesce in less than 16.6 Myr after the merger of the two galaxies. Finally, we evaluate the gravitational-wave emission caused by the inspiral of the SMBHs, and we discuss the detectability of similar SMBH mergers in the nearby Universe ($z\leq 2$) through next-generation gravitational-wave detectors.
description: 8 Pages, 11 Figures, 1 Table. Published in A&A
Photoproduction of eta-mesons on the deuteron above S11(1535) in the presence of a narrow P11(1670) resonance
Creators: name: Fix, A.
name: Tiator, L.
name: Polyakov, M. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Incoherent photoproduction of eta-mesons on the deuteron is considered. The main attention is paid to the region above the S11(1535) resonance where rather narrow resonance like structure in the total cross section extracted for gamma n -> eta n has been reported. The corresponding experimental results are analyzed from the phenomenological standpoint within the model containing a baryon P11 with the mass about 1670 MeV and a width less than 30 MeV. This resonance was suggested in some recent works as a nonstrange member of the pentaquark antidecuplet with J^P=1/2^+. The calculation is also performed for the polarized and nonpolarized angular distributions of $η$ mesons. In addition, we present our predictions for the cross sections of the neutral kaons and double pion photoproduction, where the same narrow P11(1670) resonance is assumed to contribute through the decay into K^0 Lambda and pi Delta configuration.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures