cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Ab initio study of the half-metallic full-Heusler compounds Co$_2$ZAl [Z = Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe]; the role of electronic correlations
Creators: name: Nepal, Sashi
name: Dhakal, Ramesh
name: Galanakis, Iosif
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the structural, electronic, and magnetic properties of Co$_2$ZAl compounds employing a pseudopotential electronic bandstructure method. The stability of the compounds is established through the formation and cohesive energy calculations. The effect of the lattice parameter variation on the electronic and magnetic properties of the compounds is investigated and meticulous explanation is provided for the observed behavior. The variation of the individual spin magnetic moments and the stability of the total spin magnetic moment during the expansion and contraction of the lattice parameter is observed and an attempt is made to understand the obtained behavior. Finally, we implement DFT+U to examine its consequences on the electronic and magnetic properties of the Co$_2$ZAl compounds. We find that the use of DFT+U is not justified for these compounds and in some cases like Co$_2$MnAl it produces unrealistic properties. The exception is Co2FeAl where the desired half-metallicity is restored after the inclusion of on-site correlations. We explain why the on-site correlations might be important for Co$_2$FeAl by comparing it with other Heusler alloys where the correlation was found to be meaningful to explain the observed magnetic moments.
Gamma-ray emission revealed at the western edge of SNR G344.7-0.1
Creators: name: Eagle, J.
name: Marchesi, S.
name: Ajello, M.
name: Castro, D.
name: Vendrasco, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the investigation of a very high energy (VHE), Galactic gamma-ray source recently discovered at >50GeV using the Large Area Telescope (LAT) on board the Fermi Gamma-Ray Space Telescope. This object, 2FHL J1703.4-4145, displays a very hard >50GeV spectrum with a photon index ~1.2 in the 2FHL catalog and, as such, is one of the most extreme sources in the 2FHL sub-sample of Galactic objects. A detailed analysis of the available multi-wavelength data shows that this source is located on the western edge of the supernova remnant (SNR) G344.7--0.1, along with extended TeV source, HESS J1702-420. The observations and the spectral energy distribution modeling support a scenario where this gamma-ray source is the byproduct of the interaction between the SNR shock and the dense surrounding medium, with escaping cosmic rays (CRs) diffusing into the dense environment and interacting with a large local cloud, generating the observed TeV emission. If confirmed, an interaction between the SNR CRs and a nearby cloud would make 2FHL J1703.4-4145 another promising candidate for efficient particle acceleration of the 2FHL Galactic sample, following the first candidate from our previous investigation of a likely shock-cloud interaction occurring on the West edge of the Vela SNR.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures, Submitted to ApJ June 15, 2020. Accepted for publication Oct 2, 2020
Investigation of $qqqs\bar q$ pentaquarks in a chiral quark model
Creators: name: Qin, Liting
name: Tan, Yue
name: Hu, Xiaohuang
name: Ping, Jialun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the pentaquark system $qqqs \bar q$ in a framework of chiral quark model. Two structures, $(qqq)(s\bar{q})$ and $(qqs)(q\bar{q})$, with all possible color, spin, flavor configurations are considered. The calculations show that there are several possible resonance states, $Sigma π$ and $N \bar{K}$ state with $IJ^P=0\frac{1}{2}^-$, $Σ^* π$ with $IJ^P=0\frac{3}{2}^-$, $Σ^* ρ$ with $IJ^P=0\frac{5}{2}^-$, $Δ\bar{K}$ with $IJ^P=1\frac{3}{2}^-$ and $Δ\bar{K}^*$ with $IJ^P=1\frac{5}{2}^-$. Where the $N \bar{K}$ state with $IJ^P=0\frac{1}{2}^-$ can be used to explain the $Λ(1405)$, and together with another state $Σπ$ is related to the two-pole structure of the scattering amplitude proposed before. The decay properties of $Λ(1520)$ prevent the assignment of $Σ^* π$ with $IJ^P=0\frac{3}{2}^-$ to $Λ(1520)$, although the energy $\sim$ 1518 MeV of $Σ^* π$ is close to experimental value of $Λ(1520)$. Other resonance states generally have a large width.
description: 9 pages
The influence of inbreeding depression on the stability of a small insular population : modeling inbreeding-stress interactions
Creators: name: Runyan, Simone Elizabeth
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: I investigated the potential for inbreeding to increase variability in the population trajectory of a small insular population. Increased stochastic variability in population size increases extinction risk, especially in small populations, and is therefore of interest in conservation biology. Inbreeding depression may vary with severity of environmental stress such weather extremes. I explored three main inbreeding-stress interaction scenarios: 'no interaction', a 'linear interaction', and a 'threshold interaction' in which the survival rates of inbred individuals were greatly reduced above a stress threshold. I varied inbreeding depression in annual survival rate from 0% to 80%. I also explored the influence of immigration rate on population variability and extinction rate. I investigated these scenarios using an individual-based population model that traced a pedigree and determined an inbreeding coefficient for each individual. The model was parameterized using data from an island population of Song Sparrows (Melospiza melodia), monitored closely since 1975. Given constant immigration, little increase in variability in the population trajectory occurred as inbreeding depression increased from 0% to 80% with 'no interaction' between stress and inbreeding depression, and only slightly more with a 'linear interaction'. However, imposing a 'threshold interaction' between stress and inbreeding increased extinction rate markedly and led to regular crashes averaging 83% ± 1 1% (mean ± SD) of population size at a mean interval of 11 ± 5 years. The immigration rate required to reduce the extinction rate to less than 5% increased with inbreeding depression, and with the level of the inbreeding-stress interaction. With inbreeding depression of 50%, an immigration rate of 1.25, or 5 immigrants in 4 years, was required given the 'threshold interaction'. By comparison, immigration rates of only 0.50 given a 'linear interaction', and 0.38 given 'no interaction', were required to reduce extinction rates to 5%. These results suggest that inbreeding-stress interactions have the potential to increase stochastic variability in a population trajectory and that higher levels of immigration may be required to reduce the risk of extinction if inbreeding depression is high or if inbreeding-stress interactions occur in nature.
Signatures of the Color Glass Condensate in J/Psi production off nuclear targets
Creators: name: Kharzeev, Dmitri
name: Tuchin, Kirill
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the J/Psi production in proton (deuteron) -- nucleus collisions at high energies. We argue that the production mechanism in this case is different from that in pp collisions due to gluon saturation in the nucleus and formation of the Color Glass Condensate. At forward rapidities (in the proton fragmentation region), the production of J/Psi is increasingly suppressed both as a function of rapidity and centrality. On the other hand, at backward rapidities at RHIC (in the fragmentation region of the nucleus) the coherent effects lead to a modest enhancement of the production cross section, with the nuclear modification factor R(J/Psi) increasing with centrality. We find that the J/Psi production cross section exhibits at forward rapidities the limiting fragmentation scaling established previously for soft processes; in the energy range studied experimentally, it manifests itself as an approximate "xF scaling".
description: 23 pages, 9 figures
Awareness of and Application to the Environmental Quality Incentives Program By Cow–Calf Producers
Creators: name: Obubuafo, Joyce
name: Gillespie, Jeffrey M.
name: Paudel, Krishna P.
name: Kim, Seon-Ae
name: Obubuafo, Joyce
name: Gillespie, Jeffrey M.
name: Paudel, Krishna P.
name: Kim, Seon-Ae
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: BMPs
subject: bivariate probit
subject: EQIP
subject: probit

description: This study uses a bivariate probit model with partial observability to examine Louisiana beef producers’ awareness of the Environmental Quality Incentives Program (EQIP) and how awareness translates to application to the program. Results indicate that awareness of and application to the EQIP depend on portion of income derived from off-farm sources, extent of previous best management practice adoption at one’s own expense, household income, farmed land that is highly erodible, contact with Natural Resource Conservation Service and extension service personnel, and producer age.
Rhagoletis cerasi
Creators: name: Schlüsslmayr, Gerhard
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Tephritidae
Rhagoletis
Rhagoletis cerasi

description: Rhagoletis cerasi (LINNAEUS, 1758)
NÖ, Hainburg, Spitzerberg, 5.6.01.
Neu für Niederösterreich.
description: Published as part of Schlüsslmayr, Gerhard, 2018, Erstnachweise von Fliegen (Diptera) für Österreich und einige Bundesländer, pp. 765-800 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 50 (1) on page 776, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4004374
Towards the critical behavior for the light nuclei by NIMROD detector
Creators: name: Ma, Y. G.
name: Natowitz, J. B.
name: Wada, R.
name: Hagel, K.
name: Wang, J.
name: Keutgen, T.
name: Majka, Z.
name: Murray, M.
name: Qin, L.
name: Smith, P.
name: Alfaro, R.
name: Cibor, J.
name: Cinausero, M.
name: Masri, Y. El
name: Fabris, D.
name: Fioretto, E.
name: Keksis, A.
name: Lunardon, M.
name: Makeev, A.
name: Marie, N.
name: Martin, E.
name: Martinez-Davalos, A.
name: Menchaca-Rocha, A.
name: Nebbia, G.
name: Prete, G.
name: Rizzi, V.
name: Ruangma, A.
name: Shetty, D. V.
name: Souliotis, G.
name: Staszel, P.
name: Veselsky, M.
name: Viesti, G.
name: Winchester, E. M.
name: Yennello, S. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The critical behavior for the light nuclei with A$\sim 36$ has been investigated experimentally by the NIMROD multi-detectors. The wide variety of observables indicate the critical point has been reached in the disassembly of hot nuclei at an excitation energy of 5.6$\pm$0.5 MeV/u.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures; Proceeding of 18th Nuclear Physics Division Conference of the Euro. Phys. Society (NPDC18) "Phase transitions in strongly interacting matter", Prague, 23.8.-29.8. 2004. To be published in Nuclear Physics A
Physics of Eclipsing Binaries. V. General Framework for Solving the Inverse Problem
Creators: name: Conroy, Kyle E
name: Kochoska, Angela
name: Hey, Daniel
name: Pablo, Herbert
name: Hambleton, Kelly M
name: Jones, David
name: Giammarco, Joseph
name: Abdul-Masih, Michael
name: Prsa, Andrej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: PHOEBE 2 is a Python package for modeling the observables of eclipsing star systems, but until now has focused entirely on the forward-model -- that is, generating a synthetic model given fixed values of a large number of parameters describing the system and the observations. The inverse problem, obtaining orbital and stellar parameters given observational data, is more complicated and computationally expensive as it requires generating a large set of forward-models to determine which set of parameters and uncertainties best represent the available observational data. The process of determining the best solution and also of obtaining reliable and robust uncertainties on those parameters often requires the use of multiple algorithms, including both optimizers and samplers. Furthermore, the forward-model of PHOEBE has been designed to be as physically robust as possible, but is computationally expensive compared to other codes. It is useful, therefore, to use whichever code is most efficient given the reasonable assumptions for a specific system, but learning the intricacies of multiple codes presents a barrier to doing this in practice. Here we present the 2.3 release of PHOEBE (publicly available from http://phoebe-project.org) which introduces a general framework for defining and handling distributions on parameters, and utilizing multiple different estimation, optimization, and sampling algorithms. The presented framework supports multiple forward-models, including the robust model built into PHOEBE itself.
description: accepted for publication in ApJS
Toward Copyright Integrity and Verifiability via Multi-Bit Watermarking for Intelligent Transportation Systems
Creators: name: Wang, Yihao
name: Li, Lingxiao
name: Tang, Yifan
name: Zhang, Ru
name: Liu, Jianyi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Intelligent transportation systems (ITS) use advanced technologies such as artificial intelligence to significantly improve traffic flow management efficiency, and promote the intelligent development of the transportation industry. However, if the data in ITS is attacked, such as tampering or forgery, it will endanger public safety and cause social losses. Therefore, this paper proposes a watermarking that can verify the integrity of copyright in response to the needs of ITS, termed ITSmark. ITSmark focuses on functions such as extracting watermarks, verifying permission, and tracing tampered locations. The scheme uses the copyright information to build the multi-bit space and divides this space into multiple segments. These segments will be assigned to tokens. Thus, the next token is determined by its segment which contains the copyright. In this way, the obtained data contains the custom watermark. To ensure the authorization, key parameters are encrypted during copyright embedding to obtain cipher data. Only by possessing the correct cipher data and private key, can the user entirely extract the watermark. Experiments show that ITSmark surpasses baseline performances in data quality, extraction accuracy, and unforgeability. It also shows unique capabilities of permission verification and tampered location tracing, which ensures the security of extraction and the reliability of copyright verification. Furthermore, ITSmark can also customize the watermark embedding position and proportion according to user needs, making embedding more flexible.
description: 11 figures, 10 tables. Accepted for publication in IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems (accepted versions, not the IEEE-published versions). \copyright 2025 IEEE. All rights reserved, including rights for text and data mining, and training of artificial intelligence and similar technologies. Personal use is permitted, but republication/redistribution requires IEEE permission
AGN jets as the origin of UHECRs and perspectives for the detection of EeV astrophysical neutrinos
Creators: name: De Sousa Ferreira Rodrigues, Xavier
name: Heinze, Jonas
name: Palladino, Andrea
name: Van Vliet, Arjen
name: Winter, Walter
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2021
Subjects: cosmic radiation: UHE
cosmic radiation: spectrum
neutrino: flux
neutrino: energy: high
blazar
messenger
propagation
stacking

description: We demonstrate that a population of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) can describe the observed spectrum of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) at and above the ankle, and that the dominant contribution comes from low-luminosity BL Lacs. Such an AGN-only scenario is in tension with UHECR composition observations above 10 EeV. However, a sub-dominant contribution from high-luminosity AGN reduces this tension and leads simultaneously to a substantial neutrino flux that peaks at EeV energies. The same emission also extends down to PeV energies, and is therefore constrained by current IceCube limits. We also show that the flux of neutrinos emitted from within the sources should outshine the cosmogenic neutrinos produced during the propagation of UHECRs. This result has profound implications for ultra-high-energy ($\sim$EeV) neutrino experiments, since additional search strategies can be used for source neutrinos compared to cosmogenic neutrinos, such as stacking searches, flare analyses, and multi-messenger follow-ups.
Singular perturbation theory for interacting fermions in two dimensions
Creators: name: Chubukov, A. V.
name: Maslov, D. L.
name: Gangadharaiah, S.
name: Glazman, L. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a system of interacting fermions in two dimensions beyond the second-order perturbation theory in the interaction. It is shown that the mass-shell singularities in the self-energy, arising already at the second order of the perturbation theory, manifest a non-perturbative effect: an interaction with the zero-sound mode. Resumming the perturbation theory for a weak, short-range interaction and accounting for a finite curvature of the fermion spectrum, we eliminate the singularities and obtain the results for the quasi-particle self-energy and the spectral function to all orders in the interaction with the zero-sound mode. A threshold for emission of zero-sound waves leads a non-monotonic variation of the self-energy with energy (or momentum) near the mass shell. Consequently, the spectral function has a kink-like feature. We also study in detail a non-analytic temperature dependence of the specific heat, $C(T)\propto T^2$. It turns out that although the interaction with the collective mode results in an enhancement of the fermion self-energy, this interaction does not affect the non-analytic term in $C(T)$ due to a subtle cancellation between the contributions from the real and imaginary parts of the self-energy. For a short-range and weak interaction, this implies that the second-order perturbation theory suffices to determine the non-analytic part of $C(T)$. We also obtain a general form of the non-analytic term in $C(T)$, valid for the case of a generic Fermi liquid, \emph{i.e.}, beyond the perturbation theory.
description: 53 pages, 10 figures
A concordance scenario for the observation of a neutrino from the Tidal Disruption Event AT2019dsg
Creators: name: Winter, Walter
name: Lunardini, Cecilia
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2020
Subjects: neutrino: production
X-ray: emission
jet: relativistic
numerical calculations
backscatter
black body
accretion
scaling
photon pi
IceCube

description: 6 pp. (2020). doi:10.3204/PUBDB-2020-03342
description: We introduce a phenomenological concordance scenario with a relativistic jet for the Tidal Disruption Event (TDE) AT2019dsg, which has been proposed as source of the astrophysical neutrino event IceCube-191001A. Noting that AT2019dsg is one of the brightest (and few) TDEs observed in X-rays, we connect the neutrino production with the X-rays: an expanding cocoon causes the progressive obscuration of the X-rays emitted by the accretion disk, while at the same time it provides a sufficiently intense external target of back-scattered X-rays for photo-pion production off protons. We also describe the late-term emission of the neutrino (about 150 days after the peak), by scaling the production radius with the black body radius. Our energetics and assumptions for the jet and the cocoon are compatible with expectations from numerical simulations of TDEs. We predict 0.26 neutrino events in the right energy range in IceCube.
Deep Learning and AdS/QCD
Creators: name: Akutagawa, Tetsuya
name: Hashimoto, Koji
name: Sumimoto, Takayuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a deep learning method to build an AdS/QCD model from the data of hadron spectra. A major problem of generic AdS/QCD models is that a large ambiguity is allowed for the bulk gravity metric with which QCD observables are holographically calculated. We adopt the experimentally measured spectra of $ρ$ and $a_2$ mesons as training data, and perform a supervised machine learning which determines concretely a bulk metric and a dilaton profile of an AdS/QCD model. Our deep learning (DL) architecture is based on the AdS/DL correspondence (arXiv:1802.08313) where the deep neural network is identified with the emergent bulk spacetime.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures, v2: Figure display problem resolved, the content unchanged
Processor Willingness to Adopt a Crawfish Peeling Machine: An Application of Technology Adoption under Uncertainty
Creators: name: Gillespie, Jeffrey M.
name: Lewis, Darius
name: Gillespie, Jeffrey M.
name: Lewis, Darius
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Farm Management
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Industrial Organization
subject: crawfish
subject: ex ante technology adoption
subject: peeling machine

description: Crawfish processors’ ex ante adoption rates of three hypothetical crawfish peeling machines are assessed using a polychotomous-choice elicitation format. Adoption rates would likely range from 23% to 70%, depending upon which machine was offered and whether it was purchased or leased. Processors most likely to adopt are determined using ordered probit analysis. Likely adopters would be larger, more diversified processors with greater resources and longer planning horizons.
El Paso Housing Sector Econometric Forecast Accuracy
Creators: name: Fullerton, Thomas M.
name: Kelley, Brian W.
name: Fullerton, Thomas M.
name: Kelley, Brian W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Political Economy
subject: applied econometrics
subject: metropolitan housing sector forecasts

description: There is comparatively little empirical evidence regarding the accuracy of regional housing sector forecasts. Much of the recent analysis conducted for this topic is developed for housing starts and indicates a relatively poor track record. This study examines residential real estate forecasts previously published for El Paso, TX using a structural econometric model. Model coverage is much broader than just starts. Similar to earlier studies, the previously published econometric predictions frequently do not fare very well against the selected random walk benchmarks utilized for the various series under consideration.
Spontaneously broken symmetry in string theory
Creators: name: Lee, Jen-Chi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By using zero-norm states in the spectrum, we explicitly demonstrate the existence of an infinite number of high energy symmetry structures of the closed bosonic string theory. Each symmetry transformation (except those generated by massless zero-norm states) relates infinite particles with different masses, thus they are broken spontaneously at the Planck scale as previously conjectured by Gross and Evans and Ovrut. As an application, the results of Das and Sathiapalan which claim that sigma-midel is nonperturbatively nonrenormalizable are reproduced from a stringy symmetry argument point of view.
Measurements continuous in time and a posteriori states in quantum
Creators: name: Barchielli, A.
name: Belavkin, V. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Measurements continuous in time were consistently introduced in quantum mechanics and applications worked out, mainly in quantum optics. In this context a quantum filtering theory has been developed giving the reduced state after the measurement when a certain trajectory of the measured observables is registered (the a posteriori states). In this paper a new derivation of filtering equations is presented, in the cases of counting processes and of measurement processes of diffusive type. It is also shown that the equation for the a posteriori dynamics in the diffusive case can be obtained, by a suitable limit, from that one in the counting case. Moreover, the paper is intended to clarify the meaning of the various concepts involved and to discuss the connections among them. As an illustration of the theory, simple models are worked out.
description: 31 page. See also related papers at http://www.maths.nott.ac.uk/personal/vpb/research/mes_fou.html and http://www.maths.nott.ac.uk/personal/vpb/research/fil_con.html
Non-Relativistic Formation of Scalar Clumps as a Candidate for Dark Matter
Creators: name: Brax, Philippe
name: Cembranos, Jose A. R.
name: Valageas, Patrick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a new mechanism for the formation of dark matter clumps in the radiation era. We assume that a light scalar field is decoupled from matter and oscillates harmonically around its vacuum expectation value. We include self-interactions and consider the nonrelativistic regime. The scalar dynamics are described by a fluid approach where the fluid pressure depends on both quantum and self-interaction effects. When the squared speed of sound of the scalar fluid becomes negative, an instability arises and the fluctuations of the scalar energy-density field start growing. They eventually become nonlinear and clumps form. Subsequently, the clumps aggregate and reach a universal regime. Afterwards, they play the role of cold dark matter. We apply this mechanism first to a model with a negative quartic term stabilised by a positive self-interaction of order six, and then to axion monodromy, where a subdominant cosine potential corrects a mass term. In the first case, the squared speed of sound becomes negative when the quartic term dominates, leading to a tachyonic instability. For axion monodromy, the instability starts very slowly after the squared speed of sound first becomes negative and then oscillates around zero. Initially the density perturbations perform acoustic oscillations due to the quantum pressure. Eventually, they start growing exponentially due to a parametric resonance. In both scenarios, the scalar-field clumps span a wide range of scales and masses, running from the size of atoms to that of galactic molecular clouds, and from $10^{-3} \, {\rm gram}$ to thousands of solar masses. Because of finite-size effects, both from the source and the lens, these dark matter clumps are far beyond the reach of microlensing observations.
description: 40 pages, 19 figures, published version
SMaCk: Efficient Instruction Cache Attacks via Self-Modifying Code Conflicts
Creators: name: Son, Seonghun
name: Moghimi, Daniel
name: Gulmezoglu, Berk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Hardware Architecture (cs.AR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Self-modifying code (SMC) allows programs to alter their own instructions, optimizing performance and functionality on x86 processors. Despite its benefits, SMC introduces unique microarchitectural behaviors that can be exploited for malicious purposes. In this paper, we explore the security implications of SMC by examining how specific x86 instructions affecting instruction cache lines lead to measurable timing discrepancies between cache hits and misses. These discrepancies facilitate refined cache attacks, making them less noisy and more effective. We introduce novel attack techniques that leverage these timing variations to enhance existing methods such as Prime+Probe and Flush+Reload. Our advanced techniques allow adversaries to more precisely attack cryptographic keys and create covert channels akin to Spectre across various x86 platforms. Finally, we propose a dynamic detection methodology utilizing hardware performance counters to mitigate these enhanced threats.
description: Proceedings of the 30th ACM International Conference on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems (ASPLOS) accepted
Extragalactic Gamma--Rays: Gamma Ray Bursts and Blazars
Creators: name: Ghisellini, Gabriele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The extragalactic gamma-ray sky is dominated by two classes of sources: Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) and radio loud active galactic nuclei whose jets are pointing at us (blazars). We believe that the radiation we receive from them originates from the transformation of bulk relativistic energy into random energy. Although the mechanisms to produce, collimate and accelerate the jets in these sources are uncertain, it is fruitful to compare the characteristics of both classes of sources in search of enlightening similarities. I will review some general characteristics of radio loud AGNs and GRBs and I will discuss the possibility that both classes of sources can work in the same way. Finally, I will discuss some recent exciting prospects to use blazars to put contraints on the cosmic IR-Optical-UV backgrounds, and to use GRBs as standard candles to measure the Universe.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures, invited overview at the 19th ECRS meeting. Florence, Spet. 2004
The Logarithmic Minkowski Problem
Creators: name: Böröczky, Károly J.
name: Lutwak, Erwin
name: Yang, Deane
name: Zhang, Gaoyong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 52A40

description: In analogy with the classical Minkowski problem, necessary and sufficient conditions are given to assure that a given measure on the unit sphere is the cone-volume measure of the unit ball of a finite dimensional Banach space.
Do short-range correlations cause the nuclear EMC effect in the deuteron?
Creators: name: Wang, X. G.
name: Thomas, A. W.
name: Melnitchouk, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The relative contributions to the valence nuclear EMC effect in the deuteron arising from off-shell effects and Fermi motion are examined in models which include nuclear binding and off-shell effects. Contrary to expectations, the effect of Fermi motion overwhelms the off-shell effects for nucleons in short-range correlations (SRCs), calling into question the hypothesized causal connection between SRCs and the EMC effect.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Tephritis dudichi Aczel 1939
Creators: name: Schlüsslmayr, Gerhard
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Tephritidae
Tephritis
Tephritis dudichi

description: Tephritis dudichi ACZEL, 1939
Bgld, Breitenbrunn, Thenau, 24.6.17; Winden, Hackelsberg, 30.4.17; NÖ, Hainburg, Spitzerberg, 9.4.17 und 24.4.01.
Neu für Burgenland und Niederösterreich. Keine Angaben in FRANZ (1989), aber nach Fauna Europaea auch in Ö.
description: Published as part of Schlüsslmayr, Gerhard, 2018, Erstnachweise von Fliegen (Diptera) für Österreich und einige Bundesländer, pp. 765-800 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 50 (1) on page 776, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4004374
Kurdish Handwritten Character Recognition using Deep Learning Techniques
Creators: name: Ahmed, Rebin M.
name: Rashid, Tarik A.
name: Fattah, Polla
name: Alsadoon, Abeer
name: Bacanin, Nebojsa
name: Mirjalili, Seyedali
name: Vimal, S.
name: Chhabra, Amit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Handwriting recognition is one of the active and challenging areas of research in the field of image processing and pattern recognition. It has many applications that include: a reading aid for visual impairment, automated reading and processing for bank checks, making any handwritten document searchable, and converting them into structural text form, etc. Moreover, high accuracy rates have been recorded by handwriting recognition systems for English, Chinese Arabic, Persian, and many other languages. Yet there is no such system available for offline Kurdish handwriting recognition. In this paper, an attempt is made to design and develop a model that can recognize handwritten characters for Kurdish alphabets using deep learning techniques. Kurdish (Sorani) contains 34 characters and mainly employs an Arabic\Persian based script with modified alphabets. In this work, a Deep Convolutional Neural Network model is employed that has shown exemplary performance in handwriting recognition systems. Then, a comprehensive dataset was created for handwritten Kurdish characters, which contains more than 40 thousand images. The created dataset has been used for training the Deep Convolutional Neural Network model for classification and recognition tasks. In the proposed system, the experimental results show an acceptable recognition level. The testing results reported a 96% accuracy rate, and training accuracy reported a 97% accuracy rate. From the experimental results, it is clear that the proposed deep learning model is performing well and is comparable to the similar model of other languages' handwriting recognition systems.
description: 12 pages
Casimir forces in Bose-Einstein condensates: finite size effects in three-dimensional rectangular cavities
Creators: name: Edery, Ariel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Casimir force due to {\it thermal} fluctuations (or pseudo-Casimir force) was previously calculated for the perfect Bose gas in the slab geometry for various boundary conditions. The Casimir pressure due to {\it quantum} fluctuations in a weakly-interacting dilute Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) confined to a parallel plate geometry was recently calculated for Dirichlet boundary conditions. In this paper we calculate the Casimir energy and pressure due to quantum fluctuations in a zero-temperature homogeneous weakly-interacting dilute BEC confined to a parallel plate geometry with periodic boundary conditions and include higher-order corrections which we refer to as Bogoliubov corrections. The leading order term is identified as the Casimir energy of a massless scalar field moving with wave velocity equal to the speed of sound in the BEC. We then obtain the leading order Casimir pressure in a general three-dimensional rectangular cavity of arbitrary lengths and obtain the finite-size correction to the parallel plate scenario.
description: 12 pages; no figures; v.2: version accepted for publication in JSTAT v.3: references added
Fast and Accurate Neural CRF Constituency Parsing
Creators: name: Zhang, Yu
name: Zhou, Houquan
name: Li, Zhenghua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Estimating probability distribution is one of the core issues in the NLP field. However, in both deep learning (DL) and pre-DL eras, unlike the vast applications of linear-chain CRF in sequence labeling tasks, very few works have applied tree-structure CRF to constituency parsing, mainly due to the complexity and inefficiency of the inside-outside algorithm. This work presents a fast and accurate neural CRF constituency parser. The key idea is to batchify the inside algorithm for loss computation by direct large tensor operations on GPU, and meanwhile avoid the outside algorithm for gradient computation via efficient back-propagation. We also propose a simple two-stage bracketing-then-labeling parsing approach to improve efficiency further. To improve the parsing performance, inspired by recent progress in dependency parsing, we introduce a new scoring architecture based on boundary representation and biaffine attention, and a beneficial dropout strategy. Experiments on PTB, CTB5.1, and CTB7 show that our two-stage CRF parser achieves new state-of-the-art performance on both settings of w/o and w/ BERT, and can parse over 1,000 sentences per second. We release our code at https://github.com/yzhangcs/crfpar.
description: IJCAI 2020
High pT identified hadrons in large and small systems measured in PHENIX
Creators: name: Ujvari, Balazs
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: wwnd20
phenix
pid
rhic
π0
φ
nuclear
modification
raa
small systems
p+au
d+au
3he+au
au+au
cu+au
η
kaon
u+u

description: Talk presented at the Winter Workshop for Nuclear Dynamics 2020 conference. Description of the measurements of the high-pT hadrons in PHENIX.
Improved drying of high moisture grains
Creators: name: McLeod, Ross
name: McLeod, Ross
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Farm Management
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: International Development
subject: Production Economics
subject: economic evaluation
subject: Australia
subject: Thailand
subject: postharvest grain drying
subject: rice
subject: net present value
subject: benefit-cost ratio
subject: high impact
subject: benefits
subject: grain drying

description: An economic evaluation of three ACIAR projects whose primary objective was to improve postharvest grain drying in Thailand and Australia is provided in this report. During 1983–1996, ACIAR invested A$1.2 million in research designed to improve grain drying in these countries. Based on current adoption, the investment has resulted in a realised net present value of A$3.6 million. A benefit–cost ratio of 3:1 was estimated for the projects. In other words, for each dollar invested, three dollars of project benefits have resulted. A high proportion of realised benefits was estimated to accrue to Australian rice producers, through reduced grain drying costs, while benefits have also been captured by the Thai rice production industry through reduced postharvest losses. Based on projected levels of future adoption, it was estimated that a project net present value of A$18.4 million could be achieved in Australia and Thailand. Several other countries such as Indonesia, the Philippines and Vietnam could also benefit from the technology developed in these projects. These benefits have not been quantified as part of this evaluation. Their inclusion would increase the value of ACIAR-supported grain drying research.
Extensions of the alternating group of degree 6 in the geometry of K3 surfaces
Creators: name: Keum, JongHae
name: Oguiso, Keiji
name: Zhang, De-Qi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14J28, 11H06, 20D06, 20D08

description: We shall determine the uniquely existing extension of the alternating group of degree 6 (being normal in the group) by a cyclic group of order 4, which can act on a complex K3 surface.
description: submitted to European Journal of Combinatorics (special issue on Groups and Geometry)
Use and management of grain protectants in China and Australia
Creators: name: Chudleigh, Peter D.
name: Chudleigh, Peter D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Farm Management
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: International Development
subject: Production Economics
subject: grain protectants
subject: pest management
subject: grain storage
subject: China
subject: Australia
subject: high benefits
subject: investment analysis
subject: high impact
subject: net present value
subject: benefit-cost analysis
subject: internal rate of return

description: Project PHT/1990/035, ‘Integrating Grain Protectants into Storage Pest Management’ was supported by ACIAR for nearly four years from 1992 to 1995. The project was based in China and Australia. Project activity within Australia included the further enhancement of an expert system that had been developed by CSIRO. Three main activities took place within the project in China: assessing the extent of resistance to the most commonly used grain protectant, malathion; determining the rates of fenitrothion and deltamethrin that might be used under Chinese storage conditions in order to improve the range of protectants available for Chinese grain storage; and adaptation for, and extension of, an Australian expert system in China. Resistance to malathion was assessed to be serious, guidelines for the use of fenitrothion and deltamethrin were developed, and a start was made on adapting the expert system to Chinese conditions. Most of the benefits from the project will accrue to China through the knowledge gained from the project on the management of the new protectants and the further development of the expert system. Potential benefits to Australia were limited by the change in market requirements in Australia from the mid 1990s, whereby grain was required to be both insect and chemical free, thereby ending the use of protectants here. The investment analysis shows that the benefits from the project are significant, largely because of the very large amount of grain produced and stored in China. While protectants are not used on a high proportion of grain stored there, the new protectants are being used more rapidly and effectively than they would have been without the project. The net present value of the project at a 5% discount rate is estimated at $10.1 million, the benefit–cost ratio at 7 to 1 and the internal rate of return at 43%. The net present value is still positive ($3 million) even if only benefits up to 1999 are considered.
Control of Footrot in Small Ruminants of Nepal
Creators: name: McLeod, Ross
name: McLeod, Ross
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: International Development
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Production Economics
subject: Footrot
subject: ruminants
subject: bacterial disease
subject: Nepal
subject: Australia
subject: livestock
subject: economic benefits
subject: net present value
subject: benefit-cost ratio
subject: disease eradication

description: Footrot, a bacterial disease which attacks the feet of sheep and goats causing lameness and high levels of flock mortality, was endemic in the western districts of Nepal. As a result of the collaborative efforts between Nepalese, Australian and British scientists within ACIAR projects AS2/1991/017 and AS2/1996/021, the virulent form of this disease has been eradicated from the livestock industries of the country. The economic benefits stemming from this achievement are described and quantified in this report. Over the 1993–2022 period, ACIAR invested $A1.5 million in research designed to improve the management of footrot in Nepal. Based on levels of disease prevalence reported at the beginning of the projects and a probability of the disease spreading to other districts, disease eradication will result in a realised net present value of $A2.8 million. A benefit–cost ratio of 2.9:1 was estimated for the projects, which indicates that for each dollar invested, 2.9 dollars of project benefits will be generated. Several other countries, such as Bhutan and possibly Australia, could benefit from the footrot vaccination practices developed in these projects. Sensitivity analysis outlined in the concluding section of the report indicates that these benefits could be substantial and their inclusion would increase the value of ACIAR-supported research.
Molecular analysis and physiological roles of subtilases in sapstaining fungi
Creators: name: Hoffman, Bradford Glenn
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The forest products industry is the largest industry in British Columbia and one of the main industries in Canada. Sapstain fungi cause cosmetic defects in wood and are a major problem to the industry. Millions of dollars are spent each year to prevent the growth of these fungi in sawn wood; however, current control methods are unsatisfactory. Modern chemical treatments have raised environmental concerns and do not have the duration of effectiveness desired by the industry. Kiln drying is expensive and not always practical and the rewetting of wood during transport can allow subsequent fungal growth and stain production. Current biological control agents are also unsatisfactory as they are unreliable and do not grow well in many environments. In order to develop new methods for stain control it is vital to fully understand the relationship between the stairiing fungi and the host wood. It is likely that the best stain control strategies will integrate these new methods with existing techniques, incorporating the strengths of each. The nutrient content in wood affects the growth and melanin production of sapstaining fungi, and wood extractives are a major source of nutrients for these fungi. Levels of easily assimilated nitrogen sources in wood are extremely low and organic sources of nitrogen, such as proteins, are vital for the growth of sapstaining fungi. Fungi produce extracellular proteases in order to utilise these nitrogen sources, and these enzymes are likely necessary for fungal growth on wood. The objective of this thesis was to understand the role of subtilases in the physiology of sapstaining fungi. To achieve this objective several steps were taken. First, a comprehensive study of the distribution and sequence variation of subtilases in sapstaining fungi was carried out. Using the obtained sequences three groups of fungal subtilases were delineated. This is the Erst report of these groups. Seven full-length sequences were also obtained providing a basis for future work on these genes. Second, the regulation of three representative subtilase genes was detemiined, extending what is known about the regulation of fungal subtilase genes and providing important information on the potential roles of these genes. Finally, the targeted disruption of opill is described. This is the first targeted disruption in any sapstaining species of Ophiostoma. The analysis of the obtained disruptants clearly showed that Opill is involved in nutrient acquisition for exogenous protein sources during growth in wood. This suggests that Opill could be a useful target for the development of new control strategies. This work also demonstrates the importance of nitrogen in fungal growth on wood, which could lead to better decisions in tree harvesting and be used to assist in the improved application of existing control strategies.