cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Preregistration 1 - Do moral judgments change over the course of a pandemic?
Creators: name: Olsen, Jerome
name: Puklavec, Žiga
name: Fiedler, Susann
name: Protzko, John
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social Psychology
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: COVID-19
subject: moral dilemma
subject: moral judgment
subject: pandemic
subject: PSA006
subject: trolley dilemma

description: The aim of this project is to investigate whether moral judgments changed over the course of the COVID-19 pandemic. For this purpose, as dependent variables we use data from a large Psychological Science Accelerator (PSA006) project that collected moral dilemma judgments and utilitarianism scale scores from various psychological science laboratories around the world over the course of the year 2020. We link this data with publicly accessible COVID-19-related data as independent variables (i.e., time, case numbers, government responses, news coverage), leveraging within- and between-country spread as well as associated measures and perceptions of the virus as a predictor of changes in moral decision-making.
Synthesis of small molecules for skin cancer treatment with plasma and non-plasma application
Creators: name: Frey, Anna Katharina
Publisher: name: Universität Rostock
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 500 Natural sciences
subject: 540 Chemistry & allied sciences

description: This dissertation deals with the synthesis of small molecules for use in skin cancers with possible plasma application. First, N-glycosylated oxindoles and N-glycosylated isatins bearing electron-withdrawing substituents were synthesized. Furthermore, highly functionalized synthetic building blocks were synthesized in regio- and chemo selective palladium-catalyzed coupling reactions with various boronic acids and alkynes, which then reacted to form heterocycles by acid-mediated cycloisomerization or alkyne-carbonyl metathesis.
A proposal to the '$\frac{1}{2}$ vs. $\frac{3}{2}$ puzzle'
Creators: name: Li, Qiang
name: Feng, Wei
name: Wang, Guo-Li
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We reconsider the semileptonic decays of $B\to D_1^{(\prime)}l\bar ν_l$. The previous theoretical calculations predict a significantly smaller rate for the semileptonic decay of $B$ to $D'_1(J_l=\frac{1}{2})$ compared with that to the $D_1(J_l=\frac{3}{2})$, which is not consistent with the current experimental data. This conflict is the so-called `$\frac{1}{2}$ vs. $\frac{3}{2}$ puzzle'. In this work, we propose a simple scheme to fix this problem, where we suppose that the strong eigenstates $D_1^{(\prime)}$ do not coincide with the eigenstate of the weak interaction, since no experimental results show the weak and the strong interactions have to share the same eigenstates. Within the framework of this tentative scheme, meson $B$ first weakly decays to {the weak eigenstates} $D_{α(β)}$ and then the latter are detected as the $D_1^{(\prime)}$ by the strong products $D^*π$. We predict that there exist two new particles $D_{α(β)}$ with $J^P=1^+$ which were not previously identified. The good performance of the new scheme in describing the experimental data may hint at new symmetry in the weak decays of $B_{q}$ to $1^+$ heavy-light mesons. To test the scheme proposed here, we suggest an experiment to detect the difference in the invariant mass spectra of $D_1$ reconstructed from the $B$ weak decay and from the strong decay products.
description: 19 pages, 2 figures
Beitrag zur Vorhersage von Partikelemissionen aufgrund von Schiffsmanövern unter Verwendung Künstlicher Neuronaler Netze
Creators: name: Schaub, Michèle
Publisher: name: Universität Rostock
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 500 Natural sciences
subject: 620 Engineering & allied operations

description: Bei der Energieumwandlung in Schiffsdieselmotoren, insbesondere im transienten Betrieb, werden Partikel freigesetzt. Das übergeordnete Zeil der Arbeit ist die Reduzierung dieser Emissionen mithilfe von Vorhersagen. Dieser Beitrag hebt die Komplexität der Partikelentstehung hervor und die Notwendigkeit der datenbasierten Modellbildung. Auf Basis mehrerer hundert Lastwechsel werden vier Modelle entwickelt, die sich alle der Künstlichen Neuronalen Netze bedienen. Im Anschluss an Modelltraining, -validierung und -testung werden die Modelle nach zuvor definierten Kriterien verglichen und bewertet.
Nanoscale nonlinear effects in Erbium-implanted Yttrium Orthosilicate
Creators: name: Kukharchyk, Nadezhda
name: Shvarkov, Stepan
name: Probst, Sebastian
name: Xia, Kangwei
name: Becker, Hans-Werner
name: Pal, Shovon
name: Markmann, Sergej
name: Kolesov, Roman
name: Siyushev, Petr
name: Wrachtrup, Jörg
name: Ludwig, Arne
name: Ustinov, Alexey V.
name: Wieck, Andreas D.
name: Bushev, Pavel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Doping of substrates at desired locations is a key technology for spin-based quantum memory devices. Focused ion beam implantation is well-suited for this task due to its high spacial resolution. In this work, we investigate ion-beam implanted erbium ensembles in Yttrium Orthosilicate crystals by means of confocal photoluminescence spectroscopy. The sample temperature and the post-implantation annealing step strongly reverberate in the properties of the implanted ions. We find that hot implantation leads to a higher activation rate of the ions. At high enough fluences, the relation between the fluence and final concentration of ions becomes non-linear. Two models are developed explaining the observed behaviour.
Bridge-Depth Characterizes which Structural Parameterizations of Vertex Cover Admit a Polynomial Kernel
Creators: name: Bougeret, Marin
name: Jansen, Bart M. P.
name: Sau, Ignasi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: G.2.2; F.2.2
subject: 05C85

description: We study the kernelization complexity of structural parameterizations of the Vertex Cover problem. Here, the goal is to find a polynomial-time preprocessing algorithm that can reduce any instance $(G,k)$ of the Vertex Cover problem to an equivalent one, whose size is polynomial in the size of a pre-determined complexity parameter of $G$. A long line of previous research deals with parameterizations based on the number of vertex deletions needed to reduce $G$ to a member of a simple graph class $\mathcal{F}$, such as forests, graphs of bounded tree-depth, and graphs of maximum degree two. We set out to find the most general graph classes $\mathcal{F}$ for which Vertex Cover parameterized by the vertex-deletion distance of the input graph to $\mathcal{F}$, admits a polynomial kernelization. We give a complete characterization of the minor-closed graph families $\mathcal{F}$ for which such a kernelization exists. We introduce a new graph parameter called bridge-depth, and prove that a polynomial kernelization exists if and only if $\mathcal{F}$ has bounded bridge-depth. The proof is based on an interesting connection between bridge-depth and the size of minimal blocking sets in graphs, which are vertex sets whose removal decreases the independence number.
description: Author-accepted version of SIDMA publication
title: Assessment of tumor size in breast infiltrating ductal carcinoma with different diagnostic techniques
Creators: name: Carmona, Maria
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Neoplasia
subject: MR
subject: Mammography
subject: Breast

description: Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Purpose: To establish the correlation between the tumor size obtained by MR and mammography and histopathological size. To analyze tumor characteristics in MRI, also including tumor size, morphology and behavior in the dynamic study and the location of the...
Environmentally friendly process for recovering cellulose from rice straw and for producing regenerated cellulose films
Creators: name: Nguyen, Mai Ngoc
Publisher: name: Universität Rostock
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 540 Chemistry & allied sciences

description: An environmentally friendly process for the use of renewable raw materials, especially biomass waste, was developed. This process allows the quantitative isolation of cellulose from rice straw. Furthermore, the viscosity properties of the dissolved cellulose were improved. This enabled a novel process to produce regenerated cellulose. Non-transparent and transparent powders and films of high quality can be produced. These RC powders and films have been fully characterized and applied as separation media. Thus, it represents a future-oriented green alternative to known industrial processes.
Synthesis of polycyclic heteroaromatic hydrocarbons by Pd-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions, alkyne carbonyl metathesis and acid mediated cycloisomerization
Creators: name: Blanco Ponce, Marian
Publisher: name: Universität Rostock
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 540 Chemistry & allied sciences

description: The present work deals with the synthesis of polycyclic heteroaromatic hydrocarbons based on functionalization of halogenated pyridine derivatives. Various pyrrolo[1,2-a][1,6]naphthyridines, (benzo-)thieno[3,2-f]quinoline , (benzo-)thieno[3,2-f]isoquinoline and 5- and 6-azaindoles were successfully developed based on sequential site- and regioselective Pd-catalyzed C–C and C–N coupling reactions, alkyne carbonyl metathesis and Brønsted acid mediated cycloisomerization. Selected synthesized final products were studied using UV and fluorescence spectroscopy to determine the optical properties.
Unterdrucktherapie als neue Therapieoption bei der Behandlung von transsphinktären Analfisteln
Creators: name: Kamaleddine, Imad
Publisher: name: Universität Rostock
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences Medicine

description: Transsphincteric Anal fistula remains a challenging issue for both surgeons & patients. Aggressive treatments are associated with high risk of incontinence whereas minimally invasive methods might lead to more recurrences. 4 Pigs (Sus Scrofa Domesticus) underwent a surgical creation of 4 iatrogenic transsphincteric anal fistulas by each animal in the supine positions 2, 5, 8 and 11 o’clock. 6/12 Fistulas were treated by Vacuum therapy. All treated fistulas healed very well and showed no adverse reactions. This new therapy is feasible and safe.
Cleft Skeletal Asymmetry: Asymmetry Index, Classification and Application
Creators: name: Patel, Delnaz S
name: Jacobson, Rachel
name: Duan, Yao
name: Zhao, Linping
name: Morris, David
name: Cohen, Mimis
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 32
subject: Biomedical and clinical sciences
classificationCode: 3203
subject: Dentistry
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
classificationCode: 3202
subject: Clinical sciences

description: OBJECTIVE: To quantitatively measure the extent of 3D asymmetry of the facial skeleton in patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) using an asymmetry index (AI) approach, and to illustrate the applicability of the index in guiding and measuring treatment outcome. METHOD: Two groups of subjects between the ages of 15 and 20 who had archived CBCT scan were included in this study. Twenty-five patients with complete UCLP were compared with 50 age-matched noncleft subjects. The CBCT scans were segmented and landmarked for 3D anthropometric analysis. An AI was calculated as a quantitative measure of the extent of facial skeletal asymmetry. RESULTS: For the control group, the AI ranged from 0.72 ± 0.47 at A point to 4.77 ± 1.59 at Gonion. The degree of asymmetry increased with the increasing laterality of the landmark from the midsagittal plane. In the UCLP group, the values of AI significantly increased compared to the control group at nearly all measured landmarks. The extent of the asymmetry to involve the upper, middle, and lower facial skeleton varied widely with the individual patient with UCLP. CONCLUSION: The asymmetry index is capable of capturing the 3D facial asymmetry of subjects with UCLP and as a basis for classification of the extent of the asymmetry. We found the index to be applicable in surgical planning and in measuring the outcome in improving the symmetry in patients who have undergone orthognathic surgery.
title: Temperature monitoring and lesion volume estimation during double applicator laser-induced thermotherapy in ex vivo pancreas: a preliminary study
Creators: name: Giurazza, Francesco
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: Pancreas
subject: MR
subject: Ablation procedures
subject: Laser
subject: Biological effects

description: Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Purpose: Laser-induced interstitial thermotherapy (LITT) is a minimally invasive surgicalprocedure used to treat neoplasia of several organs, such as brain, liver and kidneys. Recently, LITT outcomes on ex vivo pancreas have been investigated in terms of...
$\mathcal{S}^{*}(ϕ)$ and $\mathcal{C}(ϕ)$-radii for some special functions
Creators: name: Kumar, S. Sivaprasad
name: Gangania, Kamaljeet
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we consider the Ma-Minda classes of analytic functions $\mathcal{S}^{*}(ϕ):= \{f\in \mathcal{A} : ({zf'(z)}/{f(z)}) \prec ϕ(z) \}$ and $\mathcal{C}(ϕ):= \{f\in \mathcal{A} : (1+{zf''(z)}/{f'(z)}) \prec ϕ(z) \}$ defined on the unit disk $\mathbb{D}$ and show that the classes $\mathcal{S}^{*}(1+αz)$ and $\mathcal{C}(1+αz)$, $0<α\leq 1$ solve the problem of finding the sharp $\mathcal{S}^{*}(ϕ)$-radii and $\mathcal{C}(ϕ)$-radii for some normalized special functions, whenever $ϕ(-1)=1-α$. Radius of strongly starlikeness is also considered.
The uncanny valley effect on computer-generated faces: a protocol for a systematic review
Creators: name: Di Natale, Anna
name: Simonetti, Matilde
name: La Rocca, Stefania
name: Bricolo, Emanuela
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Digital Humanities
subject: Arts and Humanities
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: avatar
subject: computer-generated faces
subject: digital humans
subject: systematic review
subject: uncanny valley

description: This project includes the protocol for a systematic review analysing the uncanny valley effect on computer-generated faces.
Microgap thermophotovoltaic systems with low emission temperature and high electric output
Creators: name: Mirmoosa, M. S.
name: Omelyanovich, M.
name: Simovski, C. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically show that a thermophotovoltaic (TPV) system enhanced by a wire metamaterial opens the door to a prospective microgap thermophotovoltaics which will combine high electric output with relatively low temperatures of the emitter. The suggested system comprises an array of parallel metal nanowires grown on top of a photovoltaic semiconductor and standing free in the vacuum gap between the host dielectric layer and the emitter, so that their ends are sufficiently close to the emitting surface. Due to the resonant near-field coupling between this wire medium and the emitter and due to the optimized layered structure of the whole system, the strongly super-Planckian radiative heat flux of resonant nature is engineered.
null Rolle von FGF21 in der hepatisch-zerebralen Kommunikation
Creators: name: Power Guerra, Nicole Christine
Publisher: name: Universität Rostock
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 500 Natural sciences
subject: 570 Life science
subject: 610 Medical sciences Medicine

description: Adipositas geht mit verschiedenen Komorbiditäten einher wie einer erhöhten Prävalenz für das metabolische Syndrom, der nichtalkoholischen Fettlebererkrankung und zentralnervösen Erkrankungen. Ein prominenter Kandidat in der hepatisch-neuronalen Kommunikation ist der Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 (FGF21), der den Stoffwechsel bei gesunden und adipösen Individuen moduliert. Mit der vorgelegten Arbeit ist es gelungen, neurodegenerative und Adipositas-induzierte (neuro-)inflammatorische Prozesse durch verschiedene „Lifestyle“-Faktoren zu modulieren und mit FGF21 zu assoziieren.
FarsTail: A Persian Natural Language Inference Dataset
Creators: name: Amirkhani, Hossein
name: AzariJafari, Mohammad
name: Pourjafari, Zohreh
name: Faridan-Jahromi, Soroush
name: Kouhkan, Zeinab
name: Amirak, Azadeh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Natural language inference (NLI) is known as one of the central tasks in natural language processing (NLP) which encapsulates many fundamental aspects of language understanding. With the considerable achievements of data-hungry deep learning methods in NLP tasks, a great amount of effort has been devoted to develop more diverse datasets for different languages. In this paper, we present a new dataset for the NLI task in the Persian language, also known as Farsi, which is one of the dominant languages in the Middle East. This dataset, named FarsTail, includes 10,367 samples which are provided in both the Persian language as well as the indexed format to be useful for non-Persian researchers. The samples are generated from 3,539 multiple-choice questions with the least amount of annotator interventions in a way similar to the SciTail dataset. A carefully designed multi-step process is adopted to ensure the quality of the dataset. We also present the results of traditional and state-of-the-art methods on FarsTail including different embedding methods such as word2vec, fastText, ELMo, BERT, and LASER, as well as different modeling approaches such as DecompAtt, ESIM, HBMP, and ULMFiT to provide a solid baseline for the future research. The best obtained test accuracy is 83.38% which shows that there is a big room for improving the current methods to be useful for real-world NLP applications in different languages. We also investigate the extent to which the models exploit superficial clues, also known as dataset biases, in FarsTail, and partition the test set into easy and hard subsets according to the success of biased models. The dataset is available at https://github.com/dml-qom/FarsTail
Title IX Compliance vs. NCAA Scholarship Limits
Creators: name: Kantor, Mary Katherine
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Out of the 65 Power 5 schools, only 16 appear to be in numeric compliance with Title IX in regards to financial aid (EADA Cutting Tool, 2014). There can be many reasons for this disparity, but research shows that one cause is the current structure of NCAA scholarship limits. With the current model, only 11 Power 5 institutions could fully-fund all its sports programs, but still not be in compliance with Title IX. Schools now face a dilemma—follow NCAA scholarship limits to stay competitive or comply with Title IX legislation. Until today, there has been no research on the criteria or classifications for head-count or equivalencies sports. Some have speculated that head-count sports were defined by revenue generation, while others thought there were no criteria at all. Likewise, current scholarship limits have had many criticisms about the inequity between sports and the overall limits in general. Title IX has taken the brunt of the blame, but the limits were still thought of as arbitrary. However, primary sources shows that limits were actually adjusted for cost reduction and to offset the large number of football scholarships. This study created nine new scholarship models that are overall more pragmatic and cognizant to member schools’ Title IX compliance and address the inequities in the current scholarship model.
title: Preoperative estimation of active lesions of Crohn’s disease by 3D-volume rendered MD-CT using dual contrast enhanced method.
Creators: name: Okazumi, Shinichi
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: Gastrointestinal tract
subject: CT-High Resolution
subject: CT-Quantitative
subject: Computer Applications-3D
subject: Contrast agent-oral
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: Inflammation

description: Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Purpose: To estimate various intestinal inflammatory activelesions of cases with Crohn’s disease morphologically and qualitatively, a novel method of dual contrast enhanced volume rendered MD-CT was applied...
title: Retrograde flow in the left ovarian vein is a shunt, not reflux
Creators: name: Livsey, Roger
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Genital / Reproductive system female
subject: Interventional vascular
subject: Pelvis
subject: CT-High Resolution
subject: Catheter venography
subject: Ultrasound-Colour Doppler
subject: Embolisation
subject: Computer Applications-Detection, diagnosis
subject: Varices

description: Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Purpose: To demonstrate the significance of reverse flow in the Left Ovarian Vein, (LOV) by review of routine Portal phase MDCT of Abdomen and...
Chronisch entzündliche Darmerkrankungen in Schwangerschaft und Wochenbett
Creators: name: Baum, Henriette
Publisher: name: Universität Rostock
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences Medicine

description: In dieser Arbeit wurden die Epikrisen von 53 Frauen ausgewertet, die an einer CED erkrankt sind und im Zeitraum von 2004 bis 2016 schwanger waren. Untersucht wurden der Krankheitsverlauf in der Schwangerschaft, die medikamentöse Therapie sowie der Outcome der Schwangerschaft.
Searches for heavy $ZZ$ and $ZW$ resonances in the $\ell\ell qq$ and $\nu\nu qq$ final states in $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV with the ATLAS detector
Creators: name: ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 530

description: Journal of high energy physics 1, 52 (2017).
description: This paper reports searches for heavy resonances decaying into $ZZ$ or $ZW$ using data from proton--proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV. The data, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 36.1 fb$^{-1}$, were recorded with the ATLAS detector in 2015 and 2016 at the Large Hadron Collider. The searches are performed in final states in which one $Z$ boson decays into either a pair of light charged leptons (electrons and muons) or a pair of neutrinos, and the associated $W$ boson or the other $Z$ boson decays hadronically. No evidence of the production of heavy resonances is observed. Upper bounds on the production cross sections of heavy resonances times their decay branching ratios to $ZZ$ or $ZW$ are derived in the mass range 300--5000 GeV within the context of Standard Model extensions with additional Higgs bosons, a heavy vector triplet or warped extra dimensions. Production through gluon--gluon fusion, Drell--Yan or vector-boson fusion are considered, depending on the assumed model.
description: Published by Springer, Berlin
On the universal extensions in Tannakian categories
Creators: name: D'Addezio, Marco
name: Esnault, Hélène
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We use the notion of universal extension in a linear abelian category to study extensions of variations of mixed Hodge structure and convergent and overconvergent isocrystals. The results we obtain apply, for example, to prove the exactness of some homotopy sequences for these categories and to study $F$-able isocrystals.
description: 19 pages; added reference to [And20]
Identifizierung und Charakterisierung von pharmakologischen Chaperonen zur Behandlung von Morbus Niemann-Pick Typ C1 unter Verwendung von neuralen und Hepatozyten-ähnlichen Zellen abgeleitet aus patientenspezifischen induzierten pluripotenten Stammzellen
Creators: name: Völkner, Christin
Publisher: name: Universität Rostock
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 500 Natural sciences
subject: 570 Life science
subject: 610 Medical sciences Medicine

description: Das Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit war die Identifizierung und Charakterisierung von pharmakologischen Chaperonen zur Behandlung von Morbus Niemann-Pick Typ C1 (NP-C1) unter Verwendung von neuralen und Hepatozyten-ähnlichen Zellen abgeleitet aus patientenspezifischen induzierten pluripotenten Stammzellen. Das zelluläre Hauptmerkmal von NP-C1 besteht in der Akkumulation von freiem Cholesterol in den Lysosomen der Zelle. Zehn potentielle pharmakologische Chaperone wurden identifiziert. Für zwei dieser Substanzen, Quinestrol bzw. Abirateronacetat, wurde ein cholesterolreduzierender Effekt gezeigt.
Shape and evolution of wind-blown bubbles of massive stars: on the effect of the interstellar magnetic field
Creators: name: van Marle, Allard Jan
name: Meliani, Zakaria
name: Marcowith, Alexandre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The winds of massive stars create large (>10 pc) bubbles around their progenitors. As these bubbles expand they encounter the interstellar coherent magnetic field which, depending on its strength, can influence the shape of the bubble. We wish to investigate if, and how much, the interstellar magnetic field can contribute to the shape of an expanding circumstellar bubble around a massive star. We use the MPI-AMRVAC code to make magneto-hydrodynamical simulations of bubbles, using a single star model, combined with several different field strengths: B = 5, 10, and 20 muG for the interstellar magnetic field. This covers the typical field strengths of the interstellar magnetic fields found in the galactic disk and bulge. Furthermore, we present two simulations that include both a 5 muG interstellar magnetic field and a 10,000 K interstellar medium and two different ISM densities to demonstrate how the magnetic field can combine with other external factors to influence the morphology of the circumstellar bubbles. Our results show that low magnetic fields, as found in the galactic disk, inhibit the growth of the circumstellar bubbles in the direction perpendicular to the field. As a result, the bubbles become ovoid, rather than spherical. Strong interstellar fields, such as observed for the galactic bulge, can completely stop the expansion of the bubble in the direction perpendicular to the field, leading to the formation of a tube-like bubble. When combined with a warm, high-density ISM the bubble is greatly reduced in size, causing a dramatic change in the evolution of temporary features inside the bubble. The magnetic field of the interstellar medium can affect the shape of circumstellar bubbles. This effect may have consequences for the shape and evolution of circumstellar nebulae and supernova remnants, which are formed within the main wind-blown bubble.
description: Proposed for acceptance for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics. The published version will contain animations of each simulation
title: Common and uncommon complications after total hip replacement arthroplasty or open reduction and internal fixation of the femur: Evaluation with 3D-Multidetector computed tomography of the hip
Creators: name: Jeon, Chang Ho
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Surgery
subject: MR
subject: Digital radiography
subject: CT
subject: Musculoskeletal soft tissue
subject: Musculoskeletal joint
subject: Musculoskeletal bone
subject: Prostheses

description: Learning objectives Background Imaging findings OR Procedure details Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Learning objectives: 1. To introduce the indication and surgical techniques of total hip replacement arthroplasty (THRA) and open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF). 2. To understand the types and incidence rate of complication after THRA or ORIF of the femur with...
From commander to commandant: the transformation of British Major General James Pattison during the American War of Independence, 1777-1780
Creators: name: Roche, John David
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Year: 2011

description: This thesis examines the unique position of a garrison commandant responsible for a city with a substantial civilian population within the British Army and its role in the larger war for America by examining the dual tenures of Major General James Pattison as Commandant of the Royal Artillery in North America between September 24, 1777 and September 4, 1780 and Commandant of the City and Garrison of New York from July 5, 1779 to August 13, 1780. Pattison's hybrid civil-military responsibilities as the commandant of New York City convinced him that effective governance was essential to mobilizing Loyalist support and provided him with an opportunity to demonstrate the military potential of Loyalists in the middle colonies.
Search for new phenomena with large jet multiplicities and missing transverse momentum using large-radius jets and flavour-tagging at ATLAS in 13 TeV $pp$ collisions
Creators: name: ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2017

description: A search is presented for particles that decay producing a large jet multiplicity and invisible particles. The event selection applies a veto on the presence of isolated electrons or muons and additional requirements on the number of b-tagged jets and the scalar sum of masses of large-radius jets. Having explored the full ATLAS 2015-2016 dataset of LHC proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}=13~\mathrm{TeV}$, which corresponds to 36.1 fb$^{-1}$ of integrated luminosity, no evidence is found for physics beyond the Standard Model. The results are interpreted in the context of simplified models inspired by R-parity-conserving and R-parity-violating supersymmetry, where gluinos are pair-produced. More generic models within the phenomenological minimal supersymmetric Standard Model are also considered.
A note on Ising random currents, Ising-FK, loop-soups and the Gaussian free field
Creators: name: Lupu, Titus
name: Werner, Wendelin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We make a few elementary observations that relate directly the items mentioned in the title. In particular, we note that when one superimposes the random current model related to the Ising model with an independent Bernoulli percolation model with well-chosen weights, one obtains exactly the FK-percolation (or random cluster model) associated with the Ising model. We also point out that this relation can be interpreted via loop-soups, combining the description of the sign of a Gaussian Free Field on a discrete graph knowing its square (and the relation of this question with the FK-Ising model) with the loop-soup interpretation of the random current model.
description: 5 pages
Etablierung und Anwendung eines JAK2, MPL, CALR NGS Panels im Rahmen der Studie: „Prävalenz von JAK2-Mutationen bei Patienten mit abdominalen Venenthrombosen“
Creators: name: Grunwald, Luise
Publisher: name: Universität Rostock
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences Medicine

description: Ein NGS Panel zur Sequenzierung der gesamten proteinkodierenden Sequenz der Gene JAK2, MPL und CALR wurde etabliert und in der Studie: „Prävalenz von JAK2-Mutationen bei Patienten mit abdominalen Venenthrombosen“ angewendet. Das NGS Panel zeigte hohe Sensitivität. Von 02/17 bis 02/19 konnten 43 Patienten in die Studie eingeschlossen werden. Die JAK2 p.V617F Mutation konnte in 16,3 % der untersuchten Proben detektiert werden. Es konnten 6 Proben mit einer Allelfrequenz unter 2 % beschrieben werden. Klinische Daten ließen kaum Unterschiede zwischen Patienten mit und ohne Aberration erkennen.
The Bulk and The Tail of Minimal Absent Words in Genome Sequences
Creators: name: Aurell, Erik
name: Innocenti, Nicolas
name: Hai-Jun-Zhou
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Genomics (q-bio.GN)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Minimal absent words (MAW) of a genomic sequence are subsequences that are absent themselves but the subwords of which are all present in the sequence. The characteristic distribution of genomic MAWs as a function of their length has been observed to be qualitatively similar for all living organisms, the bulk being rather short, and only relatively few being long. It has been an open issue whether the reason behind this phenomenon is statistical or reflects a biological mechanism, and what biological information is contained in absent words. In this work we demonstrate that the bulk can be described by a probabilistic model of sampling words from random sequences, while the tail of long MAWs is of biological origin. We introduce the novel concept of a core of a minimal absent word, which are sequences present in the genome and closest to a given MAW. We show that in bacteria and yeast the cores of the longest MAWs, which exist in two or more copies, are located in highly conserved regions the most prominent example being ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs). We also show that while the distribution of the cores of long MAWs is roughly uniform over these genomes on a coarse-grained level, on a more detailed level it is strongly enhanced in 3' untranslated regions (UTRs) and, to a lesser extent, also in 5' UTRs. This indicates that MAWs and associated MAW cores correspond to fine-tuned evolutionary relationships, and suggest that they can be more widely used as markers for genomic complexity.
description: Supplemental Information to the paper is available as ancillary file
title: LPAC syndrome (low phospholipid-associated cholelithiasis) : Spectrum of Imaging features
Creators: name: Menu, Yves
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cirrhosis
subject: Calcifications / Calculi
subject: Education
subject: Cholangiography
subject: Ultrasound
subject: MR
subject: Biliary Tract / Gallbladder
subject: Abdomen

description: Learning objectives Background Imaging findings OR Procedure details Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Learning objectives: The purpose of this exhibit is to review : - the LPAC syndrome definition - the association of LPAC syndrome with MDR3/ABCB4 gene mutation - the spectrum of imaging features in this...
Manuscript Registration: Asymptomatic Bordetella pertussis infections in a longitudinal cohort of young African infants and their mothers.
Creators: name: Gunning, C.
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Maternal and Child Health
subject: Population Biology
subject: Respiratory Tract Diseases
subject: Diseases
subject: Public Health
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Life Sciences
subject: Ecology and Evolutionary Biology
subject: Epidemiology
subject: Africa
subject: eLife
subject: epidemiology
subject: IS481
subject: Lusaka
subject: pertussis
subject: qPCR
subject: Zambia

description: Final data and code for manuscript by Gill & Gunning et al., eLife 2021.
Finding, characterizing and classifying variable sources in multi-epoch sky surveys: QSOs and RR Lyrae in PS1 3$π$ data
Creators: name: Hernitschek, Nina
name: Schlafly, Edward F.
name: Sesar, Branimir
name: Rix, Hans-Walter
name: Hogg, David W.
name: Ivezic, Zeljko
name: Grebel, Eva K.
name: Bell, Eric F.
name: Martin, Nicolas F.
name: Burgett, W. S.
name: Flewelling, H.
name: Hodapp, K. W.
name: Kaiser, N.
name: Magnier, E. A.
name: Metcalfe, N.
name: Wainscoat, R. J.
name: Waters, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In area and depth, the Pan-STARRS1 (PS1) 3$π$ survey is unique among many-epoch, multi-band surveys and has enormous potential for all-sky identification of variable sources. PS1 has observed the sky typically seven times in each of its five bands ($grizy$) over 3.5 years, but unlike SDSS not simultaneously across the bands. Here we develop a new approach for quantifying statistical properties of non-simultaneous, sparse, multi-color lightcurves through light-curve structure functions, effectively turning PS1 into a $\sim 35$-epoch survey. We use this approach to estimate variability amplitudes and timescales $(ω_r, τ)$ for all point-sources brighter than $r_{\mathrm{P1}}=21.5$ mag in the survey. With PS1 data on SDSS Stripe 82 as ``ground truth", we use a Random Forest Classifier to identify QSOs and RR Lyrae based on their variability and their mean PS1 and WISE colors. We find that, aside from the Galactic plane, QSO and RR Lyrae samples of purity $\sim$75\% and completeness $\sim$92\% can be selected. On this basis we have identified a sample of $\sim 1,000,000$ QSO candidates, as well as an unprecedentedly large and deep sample of $\sim$150,000 RR Lyrae candidates with distances from $\sim$10 kpc to $\sim$120 kpc. Within the Draco dwarf spheroidal, we demonstrate a distance precision of 6\% for RR Lyrae candidates. We provide a catalog of all likely variable point sources and likely QSOs in PS1, a total of $25.8\times 10^6$ sources.
Perioperative frailty in postgraduate medical and surgical training: a scoping review
Creators: name: Nauth, Shara
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Medical Education
subject: frailty
subject: geriatrics
subject: medical education
subject: perioperative
subject: preoperative
subject: residency
subject: surgical education

description: Our objective is to investigate how frailty is addressed in the experiences of medical and surgical trainees in specialties that provide perioperative care.
title: Assessment of enthesopathy in patients with fibromyalgia by using new sonographic enthesitis index
Creators: name: Inci, Mehmet
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Musculoskeletal system
subject: Ultrasound-Power Doppler
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Arthritides

description: Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Purpose: Fibromyalgia is an enigmatic disorder that is usually referred to as a syndrome (FM), in view of the fact that these patients often have widespread pain and multiple somatic symptoms. 1,2 It is one the most common reason of visits to rheumatologists...
title: Magnetic resonance diffusion tensor imaging in incubation period for radiation brain injury
Creators: name: Shi, Lei
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Image guided radiotherapy
subject: Complications
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: MR
subject: Head and neck
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: Radiation oncology in Developing Nations

description: Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Purpose: Radiation brain injury is a progressive process. White matter lesions (WMLs), which are the earliest form of radiation brain injury, can not be detected on standard MRI in the incubation period. This study is described in the trend of apparent...
Characterizing transiting exoplanet atmospheres with JWST
Creators: name: Greene, Thomas P.
name: Line, Michael R.
name: Montero, Cezar
name: Fortney, Jonathan J.
name: Lustig-Yeager, Jacob
name: Luther, Kyle
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore how well James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) spectra will likely constrain bulk atmospheric properties of transiting exoplanets. We start by modeling the atmospheres of archetypal hot Jupiter, warm Neptune, warm sub-Neptune, and cool super-Earth planets with clear, cloudy, or high mean molecular weight atmospheres. Next we simulate the $λ= 1 - 11$ $μ$m transmission and emission spectra of these systems for several JWST instrument modes for single transit and eclipse events. We then perform retrievals to determine how well temperatures and molecular mixing ratios (CH$_4$, CO, CO$_2$, H$_2$O, NH$_3$) can be constrained. We find that $λ= 1 - 2.5$ $μ$m transmission spectra will often constrain the major molecular constituents of clear solar composition atmospheres well. Cloudy or high mean molecular weight atmospheres will often require full $1 - 11$ $μ$m spectra for good constraints, and emission data may be more useful in cases of sufficiently high $F_p$ and high $F_p/F_*$. Strong temperature inversions in the solar composition hot Jupiter atmosphere should be detectable with $1 - 2.5+$ $μ$m emission spectra, and $1 - 5+$ $μ$m emission spectra will constrain the temperature-pressure profiles of warm planets. Transmission spectra over $1 - 5+$ $μ$m will constrain [Fe/H] values to better than 0.5 dex for the clear atmospheres of the hot and warm planets studied. Carbon-to-oxygen ratios can be constrained to better than a factor of 2 in some systems. We expect that these results will provide useful predictions of the scientific value of single event JWST spectra until its on-orbit performance is known.
description: Accepted by The Astrophysical Journal (ApJ); 24 pages, 15 figures
A posteriori error estimates for wave maps into spheres
Creators: name: Giesselmann, Jan
name: Mäder-Baumdicker, Elena
name: Stonner, David Jakob
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65M16, 35L71, 35B44

description: We provide a posteriori error estimates in the energy norm for temporal semi-discretisations of wave maps into spheres that are based on the angular momentum formulation. Our analysis is based on novel weak-strong stability estimates which we combine with suitable reconstructions of the numerical solution. We present time-adaptive numerical simulations based on the a posteriori error estimators for solutions involving blow-up.
The Role of Thiocyanate in Defense of Airway Surfaces against Pseudomonas aeruginosa: Dysfunction in Cystic Fibrosis
Creators: name: Yuan, Yi
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Graduate School
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Objectives: To understand the role of thiocyanate (SCN-) in CF airway infection, we will determine potential antimicrobial mechanisms of SCN- on P. aeruginosa and the influence of SCN- on hypochlorite (HClO) -killing (a major microbicidal mechanism of inflammatory cells) on P. aeruginosa; and compare the effects of these antimicrobial reagents on mucoid and non-mucoid strains of P. aeruginosa. Materials and Methods: The conventional strain PAO1 and its mucoidy mutant (PAM) and a mucoidy clinical isolate (C3873) of P. aeruginosa were included. Target bacteria were exposed to different treatments including H2O2, LPO/H2O2 and HClO with and without SCN-. Three distinct techniques were employed to examine the antimicrobial effects of these treatments including influence on planktonic growth, recovery of colony forming units and inhibition of growth on an agar surface. Results: SCN with LPO is able to enhance the inhibitory effect of H2O2 on P. aeruginosa, due to conversion to the antimicrobial species OSCN. SCN can also rescue the P. aeruginosa from HClO-killing at optimal concentrations. The mucoidy character did not afford protection to P. aeruginosa from inhibition by H2O2, HClO or LPO/SCN/H2O2 system under either planktonic or biofilm condition. Conclusion: SCN might play a role in airway defense by preventing P. aeruginosa infection. Diminshed amounts of SCN- resulting from CFTR mutation may contribute to CF lung damage.
Multimodale Bildgebung der myokardialen Heilung nach einem Herzinfarkt im Mausmodell im Kontext kardialer Stammzelltherapien
Creators: name: Lang, Cajetan Immanuel
Publisher: name: Universität Rostock
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences Medicine

description: Das übergeordnete Ziel der Arbeiten war, Methoden im Mausmodell zu entwickeln und zu evaluieren, mit denen das Verhalten intramyokardial transplantierter Zellen, deren Wirkmechanismus und deren Effekt auf das linksventrikuläre Remodeling in-vivo gemessen werden kann. Das Schicksal der transplantierten Zellen und die Wirkmechanismen – zelluläre Inflammation und Angiogenese – wurden dabei vor allem mittels Positronen-Emissions-Tomographie (PET) untersucht. Für die Etablierung der Bildgebung des LV Remodeling spielte die kardiale Magnetresonanztomographie (MRT) die tragende Rolle.
Cnidaria: fast, reference-free clustering of raw and assembled genome and transcriptome NGS data
Creators: name: Aflitos, Saulo Alves
name: Severing, Edouard
name: Sanchez-Perez, Gabino
name: Peters, Sander
name: de Jong, Hans
name: de Ridder, Dick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Genomics (q-bio.GN)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: J.3
subject: 92D20, 92B10, 92-08

description: Background: Identification of biological specimens is a major requirement for a range of applications. Reference-free methods analyse unprocessed sequencing data without relying on prior knowledge, but generally do not scale to arbitrarily large genomes and arbitrarily large phylogenetic distances. Results: We present Cnidaria, a practical tool for clustering genomic and transcriptomic data with no limitation on genome size or phylogenetic distances. We successfully simultaneously clustered 169 genomic and transcriptomic datasets from 4 kingdoms, achieving 100% identification accuracy at supra-species level and 78% accuracy for species level. Discussion: CNIDARIA allows for fast, resource-efficient comparison and identification of both raw and assembled genome and transcriptome data. This can help answer both fundamental (e.g. in phylogeny, ecological diversity analysis) and practical questions (e.g. sequencing quality control, primer design).
description: 47 pages, 13 figures
title: The peritoneum,the big unknown
Creators: name: Santos Magadán, Sara
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Neoplasia
subject: Inflammation
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: CT
subject: Anatomy
subject: Abdomen

description: Learning objectives Background Imaging findings OR Procedure details Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Learning objectives: To refresh the anatomical keys that allows the diagnosis related to peritoneal pathology. Show an illustrated Multidetector Computed Tomography (MDCT) catalogue of the different diseases that can affect the peritoneum, with special emphasis on...