cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Exploring the crowded central region of 10 Galactic globular clusters using EMCCDs. Variable star searches and new discoveries
Creators: name: Jaimes, R. Figuera
name: Bramich, D. M.
name: Skottfelt, J.
name: Kains, N.
name: Jørgensen, U. G.
name: Horne, K.
name: Dominik, M.
name: Alsubai, K. A.
name: Bozza, V.
name: Novati, S. Calchi
name: Ciceri, S.
name: D'Ago, G.
name: Galianni, P.
name: Gu, S. -H.
name: Harpsøe, K. B. W
name: Haugbølle, T.
name: Hinse, T. C.
name: Hundertmark, M.
name: Juncher, D.
name: Korhonen, H.
name: Liebig, C.
name: Mancini, L.
name: Popovas, A.
name: Rabus, M.
name: Rahvar, S.
name: Scarpetta, G.
name: Schmidt, R. W.
name: Snodgrass, C.
name: Southworth, J.
name: Starkey, D.
name: Street, R. A.
name: Surdej, J.
name: Wang, X. -B.
name: Wertz, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Obtain time-series photometry of the very crowded central regions of Galactic globular clusters with better angular resolution than previously achieved with conventional CCDs on ground-based telescopes to complete, or improve, the census of the variable star population in those stellar systems. Images were taken using the Danish 1.54-m Telescope at the ESO observatory at La Silla in Chile. The telescope was equipped with an electron-multiplying CCD and the short-exposure-time images obtained (10 images per second) were stacked using the shift-and-add technique to produce the normal-exposure-time images (minutes). Photometry was performed via difference image analysis. Automatic detection of variable stars in the field was attempted. The light curves of 12541 stars in the cores of 10 globular clusters were statistically analysed in order to automatically extract the variable stars. We obtained light curves for 31 previously known variable stars (3 L, 2 SR, 20 RR Lyrae, 1 SX Phe, 3 cataclysmic variables, 1 EW and 1 NC) and we discovered 30 new variables (16 L, 7 SR, 4 RR Lyrae, 1 SX Phe and 2 NC).
description: 23 pages, 39 figures and 13 tables. Accepted for publication in the Astronomy & Astrophysics Journal (A&A)
The Size-Mass relation at Rest-Frame $1.5μ$m from JWST/NIRCam in the COSMOS-WEB and PRIMER-COSMOS fields
Creators: name: Martorano, Marco
name: van der Wel, Arjen
name: Baes, Maarten
name: Bell, Eric F.
name: Brammer, Gabriel
name: Franx, Marijn
name: Nersesian, Angelos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the galaxy stellar mass - size relation in the rest-frame near-IR ($1.5~μ{\text{m}}$) and its evolution with redshift up to $z=2.5$. Sérsic profiles are measured for $\sim$ $26\,000$ galaxies with stellar masses $M_\star > 10^9~{\text{M}}_\odot$ from JWST/NIRCam F277W and F444W imaging provided by the COSMOS-WEB and PRIMER surveys, using coordinates, redshifts, colors and stellar mass estimates from the COSMOS2020 catalog. The new rest-frame near-IR effective radii are generally smaller than previously measured rest-frame optical sizes, on average by 0.14~dex, with no significant dependence on redshift. For quiescent galaxies this size offset does not depend on stellar mass, but for star-forming galaxies the offset increases from -0.1~dex at $M_\star = 10^{9.5}~{\text{M}}_\odot$ to -0.25~dex at $M_\star > 10^{11}~{\text{M}}_\odot$. That is, we find that the near-IR stellar mass - size relation for star-forming galaxies is flatter in the rest-frame near-IR than in the rest-frame optical at all redshifts $0.510^{11}~{\text{M}}_\odot$) star-forming galaxies evolve in size almost as fast as quiescent galaxies. Low-mass ($M_\star<10^{10}~{\text{M}}_\odot$)~quiescent galaxies evolve as slow as star-forming galaxies. Our main conclusion is that the size evolution narrative as it has emerged over the past two decades does not radically change when accessing with JWST the rest-frame near-IR, a better proxy of the underlying stellar mass distribution.
description: Accepted for publication. V2: includes a new table (table 1) of the data produced and available in machine-readable format on the journal version of the article
Recent results in nuclear astrophysics
Creators: name: Coc, Alain
name: Hammache, Fairouz
name: Kiener, Juergen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this review, we emphasize the interplay between astrophysical observations, modeling, and nuclear physics laboratory experiments. Several important nuclear cross sections for astrophysics have long been identified e.g. 12C(alpha,gamma)16O for stellar evolution, or 13C(alpha,n)16O and 22Ne(alpha,n)25Mg as neutron sources for the s-process. More recently, observations of lithium abundances in the oldest stars, or of nuclear gamma-ray lines from space, have required new laboratory experiments. New evaluation of thermonuclear reaction rates now includes the associated rate uncertainties that are used in astrophysical models to i) estimate final uncertainties on nucleosynthesis yields and ii) identify those reactions that require further experimental investigation. Sometimes direct cross section measurements are possible, but more generally the use of indirect methods is compulsory in view of the very low cross sections. Non-thermal processes are often overlooked but are also important for nuclear astrophysics, e.g. in gamma-ray emission from solar flares or in the interaction of cosmic rays with matter, and also motivate laboratory experiments. Finally, we show that beyond the historical motivations of nuclear astrophysics, understanding i) the energy sources that drive stellar evolution and ii) the origin of the elements can also be used to give new insights into physics beyond the standard model.
description: 38 pages, 33 Figures, invited review
Airborne Research and Survey Facility Data - CEDA Summer Work Placement
Creators: name: Siddall, Nicola
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: data and information
subject: ecology and environment
subject: ARSF
subject: https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85081263.html
subject: https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85055077.html
subject: https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85063458.html
subject: https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85040468.html
subject: https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85006507.html

description: A presentation covering work carried out during summer 2012 to improve ARSF holdings at NEODC. It explains work carried outto improve the ARSF metadata holdings at the NEODC by improving information held on per flight. Scripts used to ingest ATM data into the NEODC archive and to create preview images of the ATM data are explained. Additional steps explaining the preparation of file attribute information on specific flights for use in CEDA's File Attribute Catalogue (CEDA FAtCat) are also explained.
description: Previously curated at: http://cedadocs.ceda.ac.uk/930/ The publish date on this item was its original published date. This item was previously associated with content (as an official url) at: http://www.neodc.rl.ac.uk. This work was funded by: Natural Environment Research Council (NERC); and, Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC). Main files in this record: ceda_presentation.pptx ceda_presentation.pdf Item originally deposited with Centre for Environmental Data Analysis (CEDA) document repository by Nicola K Siddall. Transferred to CEDA document repository community on Zenodo on 2022-11-24
Adoxa moschatellina Linnaeus 1753
Creators: name: Jarvis, Charlie
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Dipsacales
Adoxaceae
Adoxa
Adoxa moschatellina

description: Adoxa moschatellina Linnaeus, Species Plantarum 1: 367. 1753. "Habitat in Europae nemoribus." RCN: 2907. Lectotype (Nasir in Nasir & Ali, Fl. Pakistan 151: 3. 1983): Herb. Linn. No. 516.1 (LINN). Generitype of Adoxa Linnaeus. Current name:  Adoxa moschatellina L. (Adoxaceae).
description: Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part A), pp. 252-342 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 265, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971
Labolips innupta Haliday 1857
Creators: name: Notton, David G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Diapriidae
Labolips
Labolips innupta

description: Labolips innupta Haliday, 1857: 173, pl. 10, figs 1-20.
Valid name
Labolips innupta Haliday, 1857.
Summary of types
Syntype ♀, BMNH number 9.905.
Primary type data
59-4; Labolips / extincta ♀; Britain/ purchased from/ T.V.Wollaston/ named by Haliday/ BM 1859.4; syntype ♀ / Labolips / innupta Haliday / det. D.Notton, 2003.
Type locality
Ireland, County Down, between Belfast and Holywood, Knocknagoney, Clifden House.
Remarks
Haliday evidently collected a long series of this species, much of which he dispersed before making a formal description in an effort to discover whether it was previously known or described (Haliday 1857). Hence, as well as the twelve syntypes in Dublin, syntypic material of Labolips innupta is also to be found in the collections of the Natural History Museum, London (one female, via T.V. Wollaston) and in the Dale Collection at the Hope Department of Entomology, Oxford University Museum of Natural History (two females). The London and Oxford syntypes are all labelled “ Labolips extincta ”, a manuscript name Haliday used for this species before settling on the published name. There may also be syntypes in the Förster collection at the Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, Wien, Austria, as the description of Labolips Förster, 1856 was made by Förster from two females sent to him by Haliday (Förster 1856: 125; Notton & O’Connor 2004). The London syntype is mounted on a card and is set with the wings spread in a similar fashion to the other syntypes.
description: Published as part of Notton, David G., 2014, A catalogue of the types of Diapriinae (Hymenoptera, Diapriidae) at the Natural History Museum, London, pp. 1-123 in European Journal of Taxonomy 75 on page 44, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2014.75, http://zenodo.org/record/3862773
Induced superconductivity and engineered Josephson tunneling devices in epitaxial (111)-oriented gold/vanadium heterostructures
Creators: name: Wei, Peng
name: Katmis, Ferhat
name: Chang, Cui-Zu
name: Moodera, Jagadeesh S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a unique experimental approach to create topological superconductors by inducing superconductivity into epitaxial metallic thin film with strong spin-orbit coupling. Utilizing molecular beam epitaxy technique under ultra-high vacuum condition, we are able to achieve (111) oriented single phase of gold (Au) thin film grown on a well-oriented vanadium (V) s-wave superconductor film with clean interface. We obtained atomically smooth Au thin films with thicknesses even down to below a nanometer showing near-ideal surface quality. The as-grown V/Au bilayer heterostructure exhibits superconducting transition at around 4 K. Clear Josephson tunneling and Andreev reflection are observed in S-I-S tunnel junctions fabricated from the epitaxial bi-layers. The barrier thickness dependent tunneling and the associated subharmonic gap structures (SGS) confirmed the induced superconductivity in Au (111), paving the way for engineering thin film heterostructure based p-wave superconductors and nano devices for Majorana fermion.
Electrostatic PIC with adaptive Cartesian mesh
Creators: name: Kolobov, Vladimir I
name: Arslanbekov, Robert R
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe an initial implementation of an electrostatic Particle-in-Cell (ES-PIC) module with adaptive Cartesian mesh in our Unified Flow Solver framework. Challenges of PIC method with cell-based adaptive mesh refinement (AMR) are related to a decrease of the particle-per-cell number in the refined cells with a corresponding increase of the numerical noise. The developed ES-PIC solver is validated for capacitively coupled plasma, its AMR capabilities are demonstrated for simulations of streamer development during high-pressure gas breakdown. It is shown that cell-based AMR provides a convenient particle management algorithm for exponential multiplications of electrons and ions in the ionization events.
Spin-valley dependent double Andreev reflections in the proximitized graphene/superconductor junction
Creators: name: Gao, Lu
name: Cheng, Qiang
name: Sun, Qing-Feng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the Andreev reflections and the quantum transport in the proximitized graphene/superconductor junction. The proximitized graphene possesses the pseudospin staggered potential and the intrinsic spin-orbit coupling induced by substrate, which are responsible for the spin-valley dependent double Andreev reflections and the anomalous transport properties in the junction. The pure specular Andreev reflection can happen in the superconducting gap for the $K\uparrow$ and $K'\downarrow$ electrons while the pure retro-Andreev reflection happens for the $K\downarrow$ and $K'\uparrow$ electrons. The coexisting two types of Andreev reflections related to the fixed spin-valley indices strongly depend on the chemical potential of the proximitized graphene. The condition of the emergence of the specific type of Andreev reflection for the electrons with the fixed spin-valley index is clarified. The spin-valley dependent Andreev reflections bring about the peculiar conductance spectra of the junction, which can help determine the values of the pseudospin staggered potential and the intrinsic spin-orbit coupling induced in graphene. Hence, our research results not only provide an experimental method to detect the induced potential and coupling in graphene but also establish the foundation of the superconductor electronics based on the spin-valley indices.
description: 7figures
Paramesius laetus Fouts 1927
Creators: name: Notton, David G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Diapriidae
Paramesius
Paramesius laetus

description: Paramesius laetus Fouts, 1927: 170.
Valid name
Paramesius laetus Fouts, 1927.
Summary of types
Paratype ♀.
Remarks
The paratype has come to the BMNH via the Whittaker collection.
description: Published as part of Notton, David G., 2014, A catalogue of the types of Diapriinae (Hymenoptera, Diapriidae) at the Natural History Museum, London, pp. 1-123 in European Journal of Taxonomy 75 on page 44, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2014.75, http://zenodo.org/record/3862773
Who Provides the Largest Megaphone? The Role of Google News in Promoting Russian State-Affiliated News Sources
Creators: name: Erhardt, Keeley
name: Khanna, Saurabh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The Internet has not only digitized but also democratized information access across the globe. This gradual but path-breaking move to online information propagation has resulted in search engines playing an increasingly prominent role in shaping access to human knowledge. When an Internet user enters a query, the search engine sorts through the hundreds of billions of possible webpages to determine what to show. Google dominates the search engine market, with Google Search surpassing 80% market share globally every year of the last decade. Only in Russia and China do Google competitors claim more market share, with approximately 60% of Internet users in Russia preferring Yandex (compared to 40% in favor of Google) and more than 80% of China's Internet users accessing Baidu as of 2022. Notwithstanding this long-standing regional variation in Internet search providers, there is limited research showing how these providers compare in terms of propagating state-sponsored information. Our study fills this research gap by focusing on Russian cyberspace and examining how Google and Yandex's search algorithms rank content from Russian state-controlled media (hereon, RSM) outlets. This question is timely and of practical interest given widespread reports indicating that RSM outlets have actively engaged in promoting Kremlin propaganda in the lead-up to, and in the aftermath of, the Russian invasion of Ukraine in February 2022.
Aegilops caudata Linnaeus 1753
Creators: name: Jarvis, Charlie
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Liliopsida
Poales
Poaceae
Aegilops
Aegilops caudata

description: Aegilops caudata Linnaeus, Species Plantarum 2: 1051. 1753. "Habitat in Creta." RCN: 7591. Lectotype (Greuter in Boissiera 13: 172-173. 1967): Herb. Linn. No. 1218.6 (LINN). Current name:  Aegilops caudata L. (Poaceae). Note: Scholz & van Slageren (in Taxon 43: 393. 1994) reviewed the history of the name and proposed it for conservation with a conserved type, as all original elements belonged to taxa other than that to which the name had been generally applied. However, the Committee for Spermatophyta (in Taxon 45: 675. 1996) did not recommend conservation.
description: Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part A), pp. 252-342 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 265, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on women’s contraceptive use: a mixed-methods study in South Africa and Zambia
Creators: name: Velarde, Marissa
name: Milford, Cecilia
name: Mudenda, Mayaba
name: Chinyama, Manze
name: Kasaro, Margaret
name: Fawzy, Maria
name: Chabu, Esther
name: Tang, Jennifer H.
name: Cartwright, Alice F.
name: Wong, Christina
name: Callahan, Rebecca L.
name: Maphumulo, Virginia
name: Smit, Jennifer
name: Beksinska, Mags
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2023

description: Background: The COVID-19 pandemic affected global access to health services, including contraception. We sought to explore effects of the pandemic on family planning (FP) service provision and use in South Africa and Zambia, including on implant and intrauterine device (IUD) users' desire and ability to obtain removal. Methods: Between August 2020 and April 2021, we conducted surveys with 537 women participating in an ongoing longitudinal contraceptive continuation study. We also carried out in-depth interviews with 39 of the survey participants and 36 key informants involved in FP provision. We conducted descriptive analysis of survey responses and thematic analysis of interviews. Results: Contraceptive use changed minimally in this sample with the emergence of COVID-19. Fewer than half of women (n=220) reported attempting to access FP since the start of the pandemic, the vast majority of whom were using short-acting methods. Among those who sought services, 95% obtained their preferred method. The proportion of women not using a method before and after pandemic start did not change in Zambia (31%); in South Africa, the proportion increased from 8% to 10%. Less than 7% of implant or IUD users in either country reported wanting removal. Among those who sought removal (n=22), 91% (n=10) in Zambia and 55% (n=6) in South Africa successfully obtained removal. In qualitative interviews, women with challenges accessing FP services mentioned long queues, deprioritization of contraceptive services, lack of transportation, stock-outs, and fear of contracting COVID-19 at a facility. Key informants reported stock-outs, especially of injectables, and staff shortages as barriers. Conclusions: We did not find a substantial impact of COVID-19 on contraceptive access among this sample; however, providers and others involved in service provision identified risks to continuity of care. As the COVID-19 pandemic wanes, it continues to be important to monitor people's ability to access their preferred contraceptive methods.
Spilomicrus kiefferi Fouts 1925
Creators: name: Notton, David G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Diapriidae
Spilomicrus
Spilomicrus kiefferi

description: Spilomicrus kiefferi Fouts, 1925: 150.
Valid name
Spilomicrus atriclavus Ashmead, 1893.
Summary of types
Paratype ♀.
description: Published as part of Notton, David G., 2014, A catalogue of the types of Diapriinae (Hymenoptera, Diapriidae) at the Natural History Museum, London, pp. 1-123 in European Journal of Taxonomy 75 on page 43, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2014.75, http://zenodo.org/record/3862773
Toward Functional Synthetic Cells: In-Depth Study of Nanoparticle and Enzyme Diffusion through a Cross-Linked Polymersome Membrane
Creators: name: Gumz, Hannes
name: Boye, Susanne
name: Iyisan, Banu
name: Krönert, Vera
name: Formanek, Petr
name: Voit, Brigitte
name: Lederer, Albena
name: Appelhans, Dietmar
Publisher: name: Weinheim : Wiley-VCH
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: cell-like uptake functions
subject: enzymes
subject: membrane diffusion
subject: polymeric vesicles
subject: postloading
subject: 500
subject: 600

description: Understanding the diffusion of nanoparticles through permeable membranes in cell mimics paves the way for the construction of more sophisticated synthetic protocells with control over the exchange of nanoparticles or biomacromolecules between different compartments. Nanoparticles postloading by swollen pH switchable polymersomes is investigated and nanoparticles locations at or within polymersome membrane and polymersome lumen are precisely determined. Validation of transmembrane diffusion properties is performed based on nanoparticles of different origin—gold, glycopolymer protein mimics, and the enzymes myoglobin and esterase—with dimensions between 5 and 15 nm. This process is compared with the in situ loading of nanoparticles during polymersome formation and analyzed by advanced multiple-detector asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation (AF4). These experiments are supported by complementary i) release studies of protein mimics from polymersomes, ii) stability and cyclic pH switches test for in polymersome encapsulated myoglobin, and iii) cryogenic transmission electron microscopy studies on nanoparticles loaded polymersomes. Different locations (e.g., membrane and/or lumen) are identified for the uptake of each protein. The protein locations are extracted from the increasing scaling parameters and the decreasing apparent density of enzyme-containing polymersomes as determined by AF4. Postloading demonstrates to be a valuable tool for the implementation of cell-like functions in polymersomes.
Negative intercept of the apparent zero-temperature extrapolated linear-in-$T$ metallic resistivity
Creators: name: Tu, Yi-Ting
name: Sarma, Sankar Das
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the well-known phonon scattering induced high-temperature linear-in-$T$ metallic resistivity, showing that a naive extrapolation of the effective linearity from high temperatures to $T=0$ leads to an apparent zero-temperature negative resistivity. The precise magnitude of this extrapolated $T=0$ negative resistivity depends on the temperature regime from where the extrapolation is carried out, and approaches the correct physical result of zero resistivity at $T=0$ only if the extrapolation starts from $T\gg T_D$, where $T_D$ is the Debye temperature. We establish a theoretical relationship between the negative intercept and the slope of the linear-in-$T$ resistivity as a function of the temperature $T$ from where the extrapolation is carried out. Experimental implications of our finding are discussed for the much-discussed Planckian behavior of the transport scattering rate.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures
Ophiuros exaltatus Kuntze 1891
Creators: name: Jarvis, Charlie
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Liliopsida
Poales
Poaceae
Ophiuros
Ophiuros exaltatus

description: Aegilops exaltata Linnaeus, Mantissa Plantarum Altera: 575. 1771. "Habitat in Malabaria ad fossas agrorum." RCN: 7595. Neotype (Simon in Taxon 31: 564. 1982): Herb. Linn. No. 1218.15 (LINN). Current name:  Ophiuros exaltatus (L.) Kuntze (Poaceae). Note: Simon (l.c.) proposed the rejection of the name in his proposal for the conservation of Rottboellia exaltata L. f. However, this was declined by the Committee for Spermatophyta (in Taxon 34: 659. 1985).
description: Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part A), pp. 252-342 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 265, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971
Arthropod community composition in urban landscapes is shaped by both environmental filtering and dispersal limitation
Creators: name: Roper-Edwards, Indigo R.
name: Hurlbert, Allen H.
Publisher: name: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Year: 2024

description: We assessed the relative importance of environmental filtering and dispersal limitation in structuring foliage- and ground-dwelling arthropod communities in central North Carolina. We hypothesized that differences in both local environment and dispersal distance between sites would predict differences in community composition, but that dispersal distance would be more important for ground arthropods than for foliage arthropods. We used variance partitioning to quantify the relative explanatory power of differences in the local environment and dispersal distance between sampling plots. For foliage arthropods, the full set of predictors explained 37-39% of the variance in community dissimilarity, while the full set of predictors explained 42-56% of the variance for ground arthropods. Environmental predictors alone consistently explained more variance in community dissimilarity than geographic predictors alone for ground arthropods, but the variance explained by each predictor set alone varied for foliage arthropods depending on the metric of community dissimilarity. Examining communities of multiple arthropod groups across the same spatial gradient highlights the scale-dependence of these processes and illustrates how variation in the environment can alter the relative abundance of specialist and generalist taxa.
Description of molecular chirality and its analysis with high harmonic generation
Creators: name: Kato, Akihito
name: Yokoshi, Nobuhiko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To clarify the microscopic origin of chirality-induced optical effect, we develop an analytical method that extracts the chiral part of the Hamiltonian of molecular electronic states. We demonstrate this method in a model chiral molecule consisting of two helically stacked $N$-sided regular polygons, and compare it with numerical calculation for chiral discrimination via high-harmonic generation (HHG) of the same molecule. The discrimination signal here is the Kuhn $g$ factor, the difference between the harmonic intensity from the bicircular laser field and that from its reflected laser field normalized by their average. The $g$ factor is a pseudoscalar quantity that reflects the chirality of the molecule. As a result, we find that the $g$ factor becomes large over a wide range of harmonic orders making HHG suitable for chiral discrimination. We further find that, to increase the difference of harmonic intensity from the above two fields, the unnormalized $g$ factor, the increase of capacity to generate the longitudinal dipole moment is more advantageous than maximizing the transverse-to-longitudinal conversion efficiency via the optimization of molecular chirality. We speculate this criteria may be extended to other optical and current-induced processes relevant to the chiral molecules and materials.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures
Parapholis incurva C. E. Hubb.
Creators: name: Jarvis, Charlie
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Liliopsida
Poales
Poaceae
Parapholis
Parapholis incurva

description: Aegilops incurva Linnaeus, Species Plantarum 2: 1051. 1753. "Habitat in Oriente. Tournefort." RCN: 7594. Neotype (Cuccuini in Cafferty & al. in Taxon 49: 242. 2000): Herb. Linn. No. 1218.11 (LINN). Current name:  Parapholis incurva (L.) C.E. Hubb. (Poaceae). Note: Hubbard (in Proc. Linn. Soc. London 148: 112. 1936) provided an extensive discussion of the elements involved in this name but did not formally choose a type. Cuccuini (2000) designated 1218.11 (LINN) as the lectotype, but doubts over the material’s status as an original element later led him (in Webbia 57: 18-19. 2002) to treat it instead as a neotype.
description: Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part A), pp. 252-342 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 265, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971
Parapholis incurva C. E. Hubb.
Creators: name: Jarvis, Charlie
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Liliopsida
Poales
Poaceae
Parapholis
Parapholis incurva

description: Aegilops incurvata Linnaeus, Species Plantarum, ed. 2, 2: 1490. 1763, orth. var. "Habitat in Angliae, Hispaniae, Italiae paludibus maritimis." RCN: 7594. Neotype (Cuccuini in Cafferty & al. in Taxon 49: 242. 2000): Herb. Linn. No. 1218.11 (LINN). Current name:  Parapholis incurva (L.) C.E. Hubb. (Poaceae). Note: Rather than treat this as an illegitimate replacement name for A. incurva L. (1753), it seems preferable to regard it as an orthographic variant. Aegilops incurvata included the elements originally included in Nardus articulata L. (1753), the latter name having been placed into the synonymy of A. incurva by Linnaeus in 1759.
description: Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part A), pp. 252-342 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 265, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971
Trichopria stomoxydis Huggert 1977
Creators: name: Notton, David G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Mymaridae
Trichopria
Trichopria stomoxydis

description: Trichopria stomoxydis Huggert, 1977: 205, figs 1-7.
Valid name
Trichopria stomoxydis Huggert, 1977.
Summary of types
Holotype ♀, BMNH number 9.801, by original designation. Paratypes 20 ♀♀, 8 ♂♂.
Primary type data
Holo-/ type; Uganda / C.I.B.C./ 25.vii.1975 / C.I.E.A8124; ex pupa of/ Stomoxys nigra/ from cut/ elephant grass; ♀ Trichopria sp./ nr. inconspicua?/ det. Z.Bouček, 1975; Holotypus / Trichopria ♀ / stomoxydis/ n. sp./ L.Huggert-76.
Type locality
Uganda.
Remarks
The holotype is mounted on a card point, the left hind wing is missing and the left fore wing and left antenna are mounted on a microslide on the same pin.
description: Published as part of Notton, David G., 2014, A catalogue of the types of Diapriinae (Hymenoptera, Diapriidae) at the Natural History Museum, London, pp. 1-123 in European Journal of Taxonomy 75 on page 45, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2014.75, http://zenodo.org/record/3862773
New Online Access to Old Solar Data
Creators: name: James, Sarah
name: Brambley, Chris
name: Warburton, Jonathan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: data and information
subject: Solar
subject: https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85125953.html

description: The UK Solar System Data Centre has been working to make two of its historical solar data sets accessible online. These data sets contribute to the long-term record of solar activity, pre-dating the space age by many decades. It is hoped that by making them more accessible to researchers and by publicising their availability, they can contribute new data to current areas of research.
description: Previously curated at: http://cedadocs.ceda.ac.uk/938/ Event type: conference. The publish date on this item was its original published date. This item was previously associated with content (as an official url) at: http://www.ukssdc.ac.uk. This work was funded by: Natural Environment Research Council (NERC); and, Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC). This item was not refereed before the publication Associated projects: UK Solar System Data Centre (UKSSDC) Main files in this record: autumnMistPoster2012v3.pdf Item originally deposited with Centre for Environmental Data Analysis (CEDA) document repository by Ms Sarah James. Transferred to CEDA document repository community on Zenodo on 2022-11-24
Discovery of new planetary nebulae in the Small Magellanic Cloud
Creators: name: Drašković, Danica
name: Parker, Quentin A.
name: Reid, Warren A.
name: Stupar, Milorad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present six new planetary nebulae (PNe) discovered in the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) from deep UK Schmidt telescope (UKST) narrow band Halpha and broad-band short-red "SR" continuum images and confirmed spectroscopically. These 6 preliminary discoveries provide a 6% increase to the previously known SMC PN population of ~100. Once spectroscopic follow-up of all our newly identified candidates is complete, we expect to increase the total number of known SMC PNe by up to 50%. This will permit a significant improvement to determination of the SMC PN luminosity function (PNLF) and enable further insights into the chemical evolution and kinematics of the SMC PN population.
description: 11th Pacific Rim Conference on Stellar Astrophysics - Proceedings
Aegilops neglecta Req. ex Bertol. Lambinon 1834
Creators: name: Jarvis, Charlie
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Liliopsida
Poales
Poaceae
Aegilops
Aegilops neglecta

description: Aegilops ovata Linnaeus, Species Plantarum 2: 1050. 1753. "Habitat in Europa australi." RCN: 7590. Lectotype (Greuter in Boissiera 13: 171. 1967): [icon] " Gramen spicatum durioribus & crassioribus Locustis, spica brevi" in Scheuchzer, Agrostographia: 11, t. 1, f. 2 A, B, C. 1719. Current name:  Aegilops neglecta Req. ex Bertol. (Poaceae). Note: This name has been used in the sense of A. geniculata Roth by most authors for the last 200 years, but the type is identifiable as A. neglecta Req. ex Bertol. Lambinon (in Taxon 30: 361. 1981) therefore proposed the name for rejection. The Committee for Spermatophyta (in Taxon 35: 557-558. 1986), however, was uncertain over the typification of the name, and declined to accept the proposal. The Committee nevertheless stated "Rejection of the proposal should not be construed as recommendation that the name A. ovata should be taken up in the sense of A. neglecta ". Aegilops ovata seems subsequently to have dropped out of use - see e.g. van Slageren (Wild Wheats, Monogr. Aegilops & Amblyopyrum: 6 [note 3], 281-282 [note 2], 1994). Greuter’s typification seems to have been generally accepted. However, the legal basis for the abandonment of A. ovata remains unclear. The name is not formally rejected, and Art. 57 seems not to apply in that a proposal to reject the name has been made, and ruled upon.
description: Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part A), pp. 252-342 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 265, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971
Trichopria pseudosaxatilis Huggert 1977
Creators: name: Notton, David G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Mymaridae
Trichopria
Trichopria pseudosaxatilis

description: Trichopria pseudosaxatilis Huggert, 1977: 214, figs 32-37.
Valid name
Trichopria pseudosaxatilis Huggert, 1977.
Summary of types
Holotype ♂, BMNH number 9.802, by original designation.
Primary type data
5; Silhouette, ‘08/ Seychelles Exp.; Diapria / saxatilis/ J.J.Kieffer/ Paratype; Holotypus / Trichopria ♂ / pseudosaxatilis/ n. sp./ L.Huggert-76.
Type locality
Seychelles, Silhouette, high country near Pot-à-eau.
Remarks
This species was described from a single male. This holotype is also a paralectotype of Diapria saxatilis Kieffer, 1912 q.v. It is possible to be more precise about the type locality than Huggert (1977) based on information given about this specimen by Kieffer (1912a). The holotype is mounted on a card; the left wings and left antenna are mounted on a microslide on the same pin.
description: Published as part of Notton, David G., 2014, A catalogue of the types of Diapriinae (Hymenoptera, Diapriidae) at the Natural History Museum, London, pp. 1-123 in European Journal of Taxonomy 75 on page 45, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2014.75, http://zenodo.org/record/3862773
Frequency thermal response and cooling performance in a microscopic system with a time-dependent perturbation
Creators: name: Beraha, N.
name: Soba, A.
name: Carusela, M. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Following the nonequilibrium Green's function formalism we study the thermal transport in a composite chain subject to a time-dependent perturbation. The system is formed by two finite linear asymmetric harmonic chains subject to an on-site potential connected together by a time-modulated coupling. The ends of the chains are coupled to two phononic reservoirs at different temperatures. We present the relevant equations used to calculate the heat current along each segment. We find that the system presents different transport regimes according the driving frequency and temperature gradients. One of the regimes corresponds to a heat pump against thermal gradient, thus a characterization of the cooling performance of the device is presented.
Transparent model concrete with tunable rheology for investigating flow and particle-migration during transport in pipes
Creators: name: Auernhammer, Günter K.
name: Fataei, Shirin
name: Haustein, Martin A.
name: Patel, Himanshu P.
name: Schwarze, Rüdiger
name: Secrieru, Egor
name: Mechtcherine, Viktor
Publisher: name: Amsterdam [u.a.] : Elsevier Science
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Construction materials
subject: Fresh concrete
subject: Granular suspensions
subject: Particle migration
subject: Refractive index
subject: Rheometry
subject: 600
subject: 690

description: The article describes the adaption and properties of a model concrete for detailed flow studies. To adapt the yield stress and plastic viscosity of the model concrete to the corresponding rheological properties of real concrete, the model concrete is made of a mixture of glass beads and a non-Newtonian fluid. The refractive index of the non-Newtonian fluid is adjusted to the refractive index of the glass beads by the addition of a further constituent. The rheological properties of the model concrete are characterised by measurements in concrete rheometers. Finally, the first exemplary results from experiments with the model concrete are presented, which give incipient impressions of the complex internal dynamics in flowing concrete.
The (relative) size does not matter in inflation
Creators: name: Barenboim, Gabriela
name: Park, Wan-Il
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that a tiny correction to the inflaton potential can make critical changes in the inflationary observables for some types of inflation models.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures
Flood risk in a range of spatial perspectives – from global to local scales
Creators: name: Kundzewicz, Zbigniew W.
name: Su, Buda
name: Wang, Yanjun
name: Wang, Guojie
name: Wang, Guofu
name: Huang, Jinlong
name: Jiang, Tong
Publisher: name: Katlenburg-Lindau : European Geophysical Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: flooding
subject: future prospect
subject: hazard assessment
subject: risk assessment
subject: spatiotemporal analysis
subject: 910

description: The present paper examines flood risk (composed of hazard, exposure, and vulnerability) in a range of spatial perspectives – from the global to the local scale. It deals with observed records, noting that flood damage has been increasing. It also tackles projections for the future, related to flood hazard and flood losses. There are multiple factors driving flood hazard and flood risk and there is a considerable uncertainty in our assessments, and particularly in projections for the future. Further, this paper analyses options for flood risk reduction in several spatial dimensions, from global framework to regional to local scales. It is necessary to continue examination of the updated records of flood-related indices, trying to search for changes that influence flood hazard and flood risk in river basins.
Descriptions of MOHC perturbed physics ensembles (PPE) experiments investigating changes in African temperature and precipitation
Creators: name: James, Rachel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2018002590.html
subject: https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85040468.html
subject: https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85084334.html

description: Data from two perturbed physics ensembles developed by the Met Office Hadley Centre as part of the QUMP (Quantifying Uncertainty in Model Predictions) project. These data were used to investigate changes in African temperature and precipitation associated with global warming for a special issue on the future of African rainforests.
description: Previously curated at: http://cedadocs.ceda.ac.uk/940/ The publish date on this item was its original completed date. This item was not refereed before the publication Main files in this record: oxford_qump_ppe_expts.pdf Item originally deposited with Centre for Environmental Data Analysis (CEDA) document repository by Mr Ag Stephens. Transferred to CEDA document repository community on Zenodo on 2022-11-24
Distinguishing Carrier Transport and Interfacial Recombination at Perovskite-Transport Layer Interfaces Using Ultrafast Spectroscopy and Numerical Simulation
Creators: name: Butler-Caddle, Edward
name: Jayawardena, K. D. G. Imalka
name: Wijesekara, Anjana
name: Milot, Rebecca L
name: Lloyd-Hughes, James
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In perovskite solar cells, photovoltaic action is created by charge transport layers (CTLs) either side of the light-absorbing metal halide perovskite semiconductor. Hence, the rates for desirable charge extraction and unwanted interfacial recombination at the perovskite-CTL interfaces play a critical role for device efficiency. Here, the electrical properties of perovskite-CTL bilayer heterostructures are obtained using ultrafast THz and optical studies of the charge carrier dynamics after pulsed photoexcitation, combined with a physical model of charge carrier transport that includes the prominent Coulombic forces that arise after selective charge extraction into a CTL, and cross-interfacial recombination. The charge extraction velocity at the interface and the ambipolar diffusion coefficient within the perovskite are determined from the experimental decay profiles for heterostructures with three of the highest performing CTLs, namely C$_{60}$, PCBM and Spiro-OMeTAD. Definitive targets for the further improvement of devices are deduced: fullerenes deliver fast electron extraction, but suffer from a large rate constant for cross-interface recombination or hole extraction. Conversely, Spiro-OMeTAD exhibits slow hole extraction but does not increase the perovskite's surface recombination rate, likely contributing to its success in solar cell devices.
description: 33 pages, 6 figures
Amortised Experimental Design and Parameter Estimation for User Models of Pointing
Creators: name: Keurulainen, Antti
name: Westerlund, Isak
name: Keurulainen, Oskar
name: Howes, Andrew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: User models play an important role in interaction design, supporting automation of interaction design choices. In order to do so, model parameters must be estimated from user data. While very large amounts of user data are sometimes required, recent research has shown how experiments can be designed so as to gather data and infer parameters as efficiently as possible, thereby minimising the data requirement. In the current article, we investigate a variant of these methods that amortises the computational cost of designing experiments by training a policy for choosing experimental designs with simulated participants. Our solution learns which experiments provide the most useful data for parameter estimation by interacting with in-silico agents sampled from the model space thereby using synthetic data rather than vast amounts of human data. The approach is demonstrated for three progressively complex models of pointing.
MRI paraspinous skeletal muscle enhancement: A potential imaging biomarker for assessing clinical liver cirrhosis severity
Creators: name: du Pisanie, Johannes L.
name: Yu, Hyeon
name: Patel, Vedang
name: Ramakrishnan, Venkateswaran
name: Commander, Clayton
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2024

description: Purpose To evaluate for correlation between MRI paraspinous muscle (PSM) enhancement and clinical measures of cirrhosis severity (CMCS) utilizing established imaging biomarkers of sarcopenia as comparison. Materials and methods Retrospective evaluation of 224 patients (mean age 59.6± 9.7 years, 135 males and 89 females) with liver cirrhosis who underwent contrast-enhanced MRI between August 2021 and August 2022 was performed. Assessed variables included: body mass index (BMI), varices and ascites present on imaging (VPI and API), albumin, total bilirubin (Tbili), international normalized ratio (INR), creatinine, MELD score, as well as history of paracentesis (PH), spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, and variceal bleed (VBH). These variables were compared to PSM skeletal muscle index (SMI), PSM signal fat fractions (sFF), and PSM contrast enhancement fraction (CEFR) calculated on arterial (CEFR-ART), portal venous (CEFR-PV), and delayed (CEFR-DEL) phases collected on MRI. Results Patients with MELD>17, PH, and VPI had lower PSM CEFR-ART (0.06vs. 0.11, p = 0.01; 0.07vs. 0.11, p = 0.01; and 0.09vs. 0.13, p = 0.03, respectively). PSM CEFR-ART correlated negatively with MELD. Patients with MELD>17 and PH had lower PSM CEFR-PV (0.16vs. 0.23, p = 0.02; 0.18 vs. 0.23, p = 0.01, respectively). PSM CEFR-PV correlated positively with albumin and negatively with Tbili, INR, and MELD. PSM CEFR-DEL correlated negatively with Tbili and MELD. Patients with API, PH, and VBH had lower PSM SMI (4.68vs. 5.59, p<0.001; 4.37vs. 5.48, p<0.001; 4.78vs. 5.35, p = 0.04, respectively). PSM SMI correlated negatively with Tbili and positively with BMI. PSM sFF correlated positively with BMI, PSM CEFR-PV, and PSM CEFR-DEL. Conclusion PSM CEFR is significantly reduced on MRI in patients with clinical manifestations of severe liver cirrhosis. Further investigation into PSM CEFR’s usefulness as an imaging biomarker for evaluating liver disease severity is warranted.