cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Generation and characterisation of few-pulse attosecond pulse trains at 100 kHz repetition rate
Creators: name: Osolodkov, Mikhail
name: Furch, Federico J.
name: Schell, Felix
name: Šušnjar, Peter
name: Cavalcante, Fabio
name: Menoni, Carmen S.
name: Schulz, Claus P.
name: Witting, Tobias
name: Vrakking, Marc J. J.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: attosecond pulse generation
subject: opticalparametric amplification
subject: attosecond pulse characterisation
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::539 Moderne Physik

description: The development of attosecond pump–probe experiments at high repetition rate requires the development of novel attosecond sources maintaining a sufficient number of photons per pulse. We use 7 fs, 800 nm pulses from a non-collinear optical parametric chirped pulse amplification laser system to generate few-pulse attosecond pulse trains (APTs) with a flux of >106 photons per shot in the extreme ultraviolet at a repetition rate of 100 kHz. The pulse trains have been fully characterised by recording frequency-resolved optical gating for complete reconstruction of attosecond bursts (FROG-CRAB) traces with a velocity map imaging spectrometer. For the pulse retrieval from the FROG-CRAB trace a new ensemble retrieval algorithm has been employed that enables the reconstruction of the shape of the APTs in the presence of carrier envelope phase fluctuations of the few-cycle laser system.
Layout of Graphs with Bounded Tree-Width
Creators: name: Dujmovic, Vida
name: Morin, Pat
name: Wood, David R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: Computational Geometry (cs.CG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A \emph{queue layout} of a graph consists of a total order of the vertices, and a partition of the edges into \emph{queues}, such that no two edges in the same queue are nested. The minimum number of queues in a queue layout of a graph is its \emph{queue-number}. A \emph{three-dimensional (straight-line grid) drawing} of a graph represents the vertices by points in $\mathbb{Z}^3$ and the edges by non-crossing line-segments. This paper contributes three main results: (1) It is proved that the minimum volume of a certain type of three-dimensional drawing of a graph $G$ is closely related to the queue-number of $G$. In particular, if $G$ is an $n$-vertex member of a proper minor-closed family of graphs (such as a planar graph), then $G$ has a $O(1)\times O(1)\times O(n)$ drawing if and only if $G$ has O(1) queue-number. (2) It is proved that queue-number is bounded by tree-width, thus resolving an open problem due to Ganley and Heath (2001), and disproving a conjecture of Pemmaraju (1992). This result provides renewed hope for the positive resolution of a number of open problems in the theory of queue layouts. (3) It is proved that graphs of bounded tree-width have three-dimensional drawings with O(n) volume. This is the most general family of graphs known to admit three-dimensional drawings with O(n) volume. The proofs depend upon our results regarding \emph{track layouts} and \emph{tree-partitions} of graphs, which may be of independent interest.
description: This is a revised version of a journal paper submitted in October 2002. This paper incorporates the following conference papers: (1) Dujmovic', Morin & Wood. Path-width and three-dimensional straight-line grid drawings of graphs (GD'02), LNCS 2528:42-53, Springer, 2002. (2) Wood. Queue layouts, tree-width, and three-dimensional graph drawing (FSTTCS'02), LNCS 2556:348--359, Springer, 2002. (3) Dujmovic' & Wood. Tree-partitions of $k$-trees with applications in graph layout (WG '03), LNCS 2880:205-217, 2003
ENVIRONMENTAL VALUES AND THE OPTIMUM ROTATION PROBLEM IN FORESTRY ECONOMICS
Creators: name: Nguyen, Dung
name: Nguyen, Dung
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1978
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy

description: The model shows that, even for a forest that provides environmental services, it is always optimal to harvest, and the optimum harvesting age must be somewhere on the rising portion of the growth curve. Furthermore, an analysis based on the economist's criteria would not necessarily result in a much shorter cutting age compared to the forester's optimum.
Hypercompact stellar clusters: morphological renditions and spectro-photometric models
Creators: name: Lena, Davide
name: Jonker, Peter G.
name: Rauer, Jean P.
name: Hernandez, Svea
name: Kostrzewa-Rutkowska, Zuzanna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Numerical relativity predicts that the coalescence of a black hole-binary causes the newly formed black hole to recoil, and evidence for such recoils has been found in the gravitational waves observed during the merger of stellar-mass black holes. Recoiling (super)massive black holes are expected to reside in hypercompact stellar clusters (HCSCs). Simulations of galaxy assembly predict that hundreds of HCSCs should be present in the halo of a Milky Way-type galaxy, and a fraction of those around the Milky Way should have magnitudes within the sensitivity limit of existing surveys. However, recoiling black holes and their HCSCs are still waiting to be securely identified. With the goal of enabling searches through recent and forthcoming databases, we improve over existing literature to produce realistic renditions of HCSCs bound to black holes with a mass of 10$^{5}$ M$_{\odot}$. Including the effects of a population of blue stragglers, we simulate their appearance in Pan-STARRS and in forthcoming $Euclid$ images. We also derive broad-band spectra and the corresponding multi-wavelength colours, finding that the great majority of the simulated HCSCs fall on the colour-colour loci defined by stars and galaxies, with their spectra resembling those of giant K-type stars. We discuss the clusters properties, search strategies, and possible interlopers.
description: Accepted for publication on MNRAS, 17 pages, 7 figures
MEI encoding: Two Sonatinas for Piano (WoO Anh. 5 No 1 and WoO Anh. 5 No 2) by Ludwig van Beethoven
Creators: name: Goebl, Werner
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: Two Sonatinas for Piano, WoO Anh.5 by Ludwig van Beethoven, encoding of Breitkop und Härtel edition, 1862–90. Plate B.160 and B.161.
On exactly solvable Yang-Baxter models and enhanced symmetries
Creators: name: Idiab, Khalil
name: van Tongeren, Stijn J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study Yang-Baxter deformations of the flat space string that result in exactly solvable models, finding the Nappi-Witten model and its higher dimensional generalizations. We then consider the spectra of these models obtained by canonical quantization in light-cone gauge, and match them with an integrability-based Bethe ansatz approach. By considering a generalized light-cone gauge we can describe the model by a nontrivially Drinfel'd twisted S matrix, explicitly verifying the twisted structure expected for such deformations. Next, the reformulation of the Nappi-Witten model as a Yang-Baxter deformation shows that Yang-Baxter models can have more symmetries than suggested by the $r$ matrix defining the deformation. We discuss these enhanced symmetries in more detail for some trivial and nontrivial examples. Finally, we observe that there are nonunimodular but Weyl-invariant Yang-Baxter models of a type not previously considered.
description: 29 pages, v3: resubmission
MEI encoding: 12 Variations on the Russian Dance from "Das Waldmädchen" (WoO 71) by Ludwig van Beethoven
Creators: name: Goebl, Werner
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: 12 Variations on the Russian Dance 'Das Waldmädchen', WoO 71 by Ludwig van Beethoven, encoding of Breitkopf und Härtel edition, 1862–90. Plate B.170.
Phase cycling of extreme ultraviolet pulse sequences generated in rare gases
Creators: name: Wituschek, Andreas
name: Kornilov, Oleg
name: Witting, Tobias
name: Maikowski, Laura
name: Stienkemeier, Frank
name: Vrakking, Marc J. J.
name: Bruder, Lukas
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: ultrafast spectroscopy
subject: coherent spectroscopy
subject: nonlinear spectroscopy
subject: high harmonic generation
subject: atomic, optical and molecular physics
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::539 Moderne Physik

description: The development of schemes for coherent nonlinear time-domain spectroscopy in the extreme-ultraviolet regime (XUV) has so far been impeded by experimental difficulties that arise at these short wavelengths. In this work we present a novel experimental approach, which facilitates the timing control and phase cycling of XUV pulse sequences produced by harmonic generation in rare gases. The method is demonstrated for the generation and high spectral resolution characterization of narrow-bandwidth harmonics (≈14 eV) in argon and krypton. Our technique simultaneously provides high phase stability and a pathway-selective detection scheme for nonlinear signals—both necessary prerequisites for all types of coherent nonlinear spectroscopy.
Additional file 1 of Mindfulness-based resilience training for aggression, stress and health in law enforcement officers: study protocol for a multisite, randomized, single-blind clinical feasibility trial
Creators: name: Christopher, Michael
name: Bowen, Sarah
name: Witkiewitz, Katie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. SPIRIT 2013 Checklist: Recommended items to address in a clinical trial protocol and related documents.
Chemical composition of the young massive cluster NGC 1569-B
Creators: name: Gvozdenko, Anastasia
name: Larsen, Søren S.
name: Beasley, Michael A.
name: Brodie, Jean
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a detailed chemical abundance analysis of the young massive cluster (YMC) NGC 1569-B. The host galaxy, NGC~1569, is a dwarf irregular starburst galaxy at a distance of 3.36$\pm$0.20 Mpc. We determined the abundance ratios from the analysis of an optical integrated-light spectrum of NGC 1569-B, obtained with the HIRES echelle spectrograph on the Keck I telescope. We considered different red-to-blue supergiant ratios, namely: the ratio obtained from a theoretical isochrone, the ratio obtained from a resolved colour-magnitude diagram of the YMC, and the ratio that minimises the $χ^2$ when comparing our model spectra with the observations. We adopted the latter ratio for our resulting chemical abundances. The derived iron abundance is sub-solar with [Fe/H] = $-0.74\pm0.05$. In relation to the scaled solar composition, we find enhanced $α$-element abundances, $\text{[/Fe]}=+0.25\pm$0.11, with a particularly high Ti abundance of +0.49$\pm$0.05. Other super-solar elements include $\text{[Cr/Fe]}=+0.50\pm$0.11, $\text{[Sc/Fe]}=+0.78\pm$0.20, and $\text{[Ba/Fe]}=+1.28\pm$0.14, while other Fe-peak elements are close to scaled solar abundances: ($\text{[Mn/Fe]}=-0.22\pm$0.12 and $\text{[Ni/Fe]}=+0.13\pm$0.11). The composition of NGC 1569-B resembles the stellar populations of the YMC NGC 1705-1, located in a blue compact dwarf galaxy. The two YMCs agree with regard to $α$-elements and the majority of the Fe-peak elements, except for Sc and Ba, which are extremely super-solar in NGC~1569-B -- and higher than in any YMC studied so far. The blue part of the optical spectrum of a young population is still a very challenging wavelength region to analyse using IL spectroscopic studies. This is due to the uncertain contribution to the light from blue supergiant stars, which can be difficult to disentangle from turn-off stars, even when resolved photometry is available.
description: 18 pages, 9 figures. Accepted for publication in A&A
Social justice leadership within the context of secondary schools’ leadership in Grenada : a critical textual analysis
Creators: name: Felix, Alana Arlene
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: Given current global trends such as the widening gap between rich and poor individuals, increased diversity among the populace and patterns of underperformance among certain groups and, in Grenada, the high drop-out rate among students who transition to high school, the government’s intent to provide universal access to secondary schooling, and the serious lack of research on social justice leadership, an explicit focus on social justice is necessary. Since discourse provides the boundaries within which educational leaders may act, this paper analyses the Strategic Plan for Educational Enhancement & Development (SPEED II) to examine the policy framework which influences the perceptions and practice of secondary school leaders in Grenada with a view to providing them with suggestions for how they can promote social justice within their institutions and in the wider society. The paper draws on critical discourse analysis and critical social justice to explore how good leaders/teachers and quality education is conceptualised and how the treatment of social justice in SPEED II compare/contrast with current literature. It concludes that although the expressions “social justice” and “social justice leadership” are not used in the document, others such as equity, diversity, relevance, respect and tolerance are used, pointing to some degree of recognition to these issues. The dominant discourse however, is one of neoliberalism, and education for global citizenship and economic development. Educational leaders in Grenada ought to provide a more supportive policy environment, which situates social justice as central to the process and outcome of education.
From Explainable to Interpretable Deep Learning for Natural Language Processing in Healthcare: How Far from Reality?
Creators: name: Huang, Guangming
name: Li, Yingya
name: Jameel, Shoaib
name: Long, Yunfei
name: Papanastasiou, Giorgos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Deep learning (DL) has substantially enhanced natural language processing (NLP) in healthcare research. However, the increasing complexity of DL-based NLP necessitates transparent model interpretability, or at least explainability, for reliable decision-making. This work presents a thorough scoping review of explainable and interpretable DL in healthcare NLP. The term "eXplainable and Interpretable Artificial Intelligence" (XIAI) is introduced to distinguish XAI from IAI. Different models are further categorized based on their functionality (model-, input-, output-based) and scope (local, global). Our analysis shows that attention mechanisms are the most prevalent emerging IAI technique. The use of IAI is growing, distinguishing it from XAI. The major challenges identified are that most XIAI does not explore "global" modelling processes, the lack of best practices, and the lack of systematic evaluation and benchmarks. One important opportunity is to use attention mechanisms to enhance multi-modal XIAI for personalized medicine. Additionally, combining DL with causal logic holds promise. Our discussion encourages the integration of XIAI in Large Language Models (LLMs) and domain-specific smaller models. In conclusion, XIAI adoption in healthcare requires dedicated in-house expertise. Collaboration with domain experts, end-users, and policymakers can lead to ready-to-use XIAI methods across NLP and medical tasks. While challenges exist, XIAI techniques offer a valuable foundation for interpretable NLP algorithms in healthcare.
description: This paper has been accepted by Computational and Structural Biotechnology Journal
Dynamics of strange, charm and high momentum hadrons in relativistic nucleus-nucleus collisions
Creators: name: Cassing, W.
name: Gallmeister, K.
name: Bratkovskaya, E. L.
name: Greiner, C.
name: Stöcker, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate hadron production and attenuation of hadrons with strange and charm quarks (or antiquarks) as well as high transverse momentum hadrons in relativistic nucleus-nucleus collisions from 2 AGeV to 21.3 ATeV within two independent transport approaches (UrQMD and HSD). Both transport models are based on quark, diquark, string and hadronic degrees of freedom, but do not include any explicit phase transition to a quark-gluon plasma. From our dynamical calculations we find that both models do not describe the maximum in the $K^+/π^+$ ratio at 20 - 30 AGeV in central Au+Au collisions found experimentally, though the excitation functions of strange mesons are reproduced well in HSD and UrQMD. Furthermore, the transport calculations show that the charmonium recreation by $D+\bar{D} \to J/Ψ+ meson$ reactions is comparable to the dissociation by 'comoving' mesons at RHIC energies contrary to SPS energies. This leads to the final result that the total $J/Ψ$ suppression as a function of centrality at RHIC should be less than the suppression seen at SPS energies where the 'comover' dissociation is substantial and the backward channels play no role. Furthermore, our transport calculations -- in comparison to experimental data on transverse momentum spectra from $pp$, d+Au and Au+Au reactions -- show that pre-hadronic effects are responsible for both the hardening of the hadron spectra for low transverse momenta (Cronin effect) as well as the suppression of high $p_T$ hadrons. The mutual interactions of formed hadrons are found to be negligible in central Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 200 GeV for $p_T \geq$ 6 GeV/c and the sizeable suppression seen experimentally is attributed to a large extent to the interactions of 'leading' pre-hadrons with the dense environment.
description: 10 pages, incl. 7 postscript figures, invited talk presented at the 25th Course "Heavy Ion Reactions from Nuclear to Quark Matter", Erice, Sept. 16-24, 2003, to be publ. in Prog. Part. Nucl. Phys
Single-Step Formation of a Low Work Function Cathode Interlayer and n-type Bulk Doping from Semiconducting Polymer/Polyethylenimine Blend Solution
Creators: name: Seidel, Keli Fabiana
name: Lungwitz, Dominique
name: Opitz, Andreas
name: Krüger, Thomas
name: Behrends, Jan
name: Marder, Seth R.
name: Koch, Norbert
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: polymer semiconductors
subject: interlayer
subject: work function
subject: doping
subject: polymer films
subject: thin films
subject: electrical conductivity
subject: polyethylenimine
subject: polymers
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::539 Moderne Physik
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::572 Biochemie

description: The use of polyethylenimine (PEI) as a thin interlayer between cathodes and organic semiconductors in order to reduce interfacial Ohmic losses has become an important approach in organic electronics. It has also been shown that such interlayers can form spontaneously because of vertical phase separation when spin-coating a blended solution of PEI and the semiconductor. Furthermore, bulk doping of semiconducting polymers by PEI has been claimed. However, to our knowledge, a clear delineation of interfacial from bulk effects has not been published. Here, we report a study on thin films formed by spin-coating blended solutions of PEI and poly{[N,N′-bis(2-octyldodecyl)naphthalene-1,4,5,8-bis(dicarboximide)-2,6-diyl]-alt-5,5′-(2,2′-bithiophene)} [P(NDI2OD-T2)] on indium tin oxide. We observed the vertical phase separation in such films, where PEI accumulates at the bottom and the top, sandwiching the semiconductor layer. The PEI interlayer on ITO reduces the electron injection barrier to the minimum value determined by Fermi level pinning, which, in turn, reduces the contact resistance by 5 orders of magnitude. Although we find no evidence for doping-induced polarons in P(NDI2OD-T2) upon mixing with PEI from optical absorption, more sensitive electron paramagnetic resonance measurements provide evidence for doping and an increased carrier density, at a very low level. This, in conjunction with an increased charge carrier mobility due to trap filling, results in an increase in the mixed polymer conductivity by 4 orders of magnitude relative to pure P(NDI2OD-T2). Consequently, both interfacial and bulk effects occur with notable magnitude in thin films formed from blended semiconductor polymer/PEI solution. Thus, this facile one-step procedure to form PEI interlayers must be applied with attention, as modification of the bulk semiconductor polymer (here doping) may occur simultaneously and might go un-noticed if not examined carefully.
Participation of community leaders in conflict resolution among crop farmers and Fulani herdsman in Oyo State, Nigeria
Creators: name: Oyedokun, M.O.
name: Lawal, B.O.
name: Oyedokun, M.O.
name: Lawal, B.O.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Farm Management
subject: Local leaders
subject: conflict resolution
subject: participation
subject: capacity building

description: The study investigated the participation of community leaders in conflict resolution and management among farmers and herdsmen in Oyo state, Nigeria. Stratified and random sampling technique was used to select 180 community leaders from 25 communities in Orire Local Government Area of Oyo State. Data were collected through the use of structured interview schedule and Focus Group Discussions. The data collected were summarised and analysed using descriptive statistics (frequency, mean, standard deviation) and Pearson Product Moment Correlation respectively. Results show that competition over water (93.8%), land (94.4%), lack of grazing zones (77.2%), and aggressive nature of the parties involved (77.2%) were main causes of conflicts among respondents. Conflict resolution measures mainly adopted by the community leaders include dialogue with parties involved (84.4%), use of village committees (76.7%), negotiating settlement (67.2%), entering agreement and ensuring such agreement is implemented (71.1%) and use of law enforcement agencies (84.4%). Level of participation of community leaders in conflict resolution was however moderate. Major constraints to effective participation of community leaders in conflict resolution include lack of institutional support from government (mean=3.0), inadequate finance (mean=3.0), language barrier (mean=3.0) and evasive nature of the herdsmen (mean=3.0). Years of schooling (r=0.223; p≤0.05) was found to be positively and significantly correlated with participation in conflict resolution. The study recommended the need for local leaders and the government to work together and take more proactive measure in reducing the current level of conflict in the conflict prone areas. It also suggested the need to broaden local leaders’ knowledge base through provision of training in conflict handling.
Rashba-effect-induced spin dephasing in n-typed InAs quantum wells
Creators: name: Weng, M. Q.
name: Wu, M. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform a many-body investigation of the spin dephasing in $n$-typed InAs quantum wells under moderate magnetic fields in the Voigt configuration by constructing and numerically solving the kinetic Bloch equations. We obtain the spin dephasing time due to the Rashba effect together with the spin conserving scattering such as the electron-phonon, the electron-nonmagnetic impurity as well as the electron-electron Coulomb scattering. By varying the initial spin polarization, temperature, impurity density, applied magnetic field and the interface electric field, we are able to study the spin dephasing time under various conditions. For the electron density and quantum well width we study, the many-body effect dominates the spin dephasing. Moreover, we find an anomalous resonance peak in the spin dephasing time for high initial spin polarization under moderate magnetic fields.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures in eps
Perception of human trafficking victims about changes in their households' socioeconomic status in southwestern Nigeria
Creators: name: Olooto, F.M.
name: Oladeji, J.O.
name: Olooto, F.M.
name: Oladeji, J.O.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Human trafficking
subject: socioeconomic status
subject: trafficked victims

description: Human trafficking has been described as “modern day slavery” whereby people are coerced or deceived through promises of good jobs and career opportunities to move out of their communities to ‘work’ outside the country or in cities. This study was carried out to investigate the socioeconomic implications of human trafficking on the wellbeing of affected households. Multi stage sampling technique was used to select 250 out of 926 victims of trafficking identified working as domestic servants, plantation workers, food vendors, shop keepers and other forms of menial jobs in the study area. More than half (55.2%) of the respondents were females and mostly single (82.8%). Majority (90.8%) of the respondents earned a monthly income of less than ₦5000 before trafficking, which is an indication of their low level of income and poverty situation. Average family size of respondents was seven, 42.8% of them had only primary education while 31.2% went through adult literacy programmes. More than half (52.0%) of the respondents had low perception of their contribution to household socioeconomic status. There was a significant relationship between respondents’ frequency of contact with households and change in household wellbeing (r = 0.520, p = 0.000). The result also shows a significant difference between Oyo, Ogun and Lagos states in perception of victims on change in the households’ socioeconomic status (F=3.00, P<0.05).The study concluded that perception of trafficking victims about change in their households’ socioeconomic status is low as a result of less frequent contact with households during the trafficking period.
Photoproduction of $Θ^+$ and other pentaquark states
Creators: name: Close, Frank E.
name: Zhao, Qiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present constraints on the {\it relative} photoproduction cross sections of positive parity pentaquark states, $Σ_5$, $Λ_5$, and $N_5$, based on a minimum phenomenology gained in $γN \to K Θ^+$ and their baryon-meson couplings as in the work of Close and Dudek. The possibility of anomalous signals in $γp \to K^0_S (Θ^+;Σ_d^+)$ is discussed. We emphasise the importance of comparing $γN \to K Θ^+$ with "conventional" states such as $γN \to K Σ(1660)$.
description: 11 pages, including 3 tables and 7 figures
Standing autoresonant plasma waves
Creators: name: Friedland, L.
name: Shagalov, A. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Formation and control of strongly nonlinear standing plasma waves (SPWs) from a trivial equilibrium by a chirped frequency drive is discussed. If the drive amplitude exceeds a threshold, after passage through the linear resonance in this system, the excited wave preserves the phase-locking with the drive yielding a controlled growth of the wave amplitude. We illustrate these autoresonant waves via Vlasov-Poisson simulations showing formation of sharply peaked excitations with local electron density maxima significantly exceeding the unperturbed plasma density. The Whitham's averaged variational approach applied to a simplified water bag model yields the weakly nonlinear evolution of the autoresonant SPWs and the autoresonance threshold. If the chirped driving frequency approaches some constant level, the driven SPW saturates at a target amplitude avoiding the kinetic wave breaking.
Supplementary Information from Enabling single-molecule localization microscopy in turbid food emulsions
Creators: name: Jabermoradi, Abbas
name: Yang, Suyeon
name: Gobes, Martijn I.
name: van Duynhoven, John P. M.
name: Hohlbein, Johannes
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: 30101 Analytical Spectrometry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 30699 Physical Chemistry not elsewhere classified

description: Contains supplementary figures.
BOLALAR UCHUN MO'LJALLANGAN MATNLARNING LINGVISTIK XUSUSIYATLARI VA ULARNING TARJIMADAGI AKS ETISHI
Creators: name: Begmatova, Nigina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Ushbu maqolada bolalar uchun mo‘ljallangan matnlarning lingvistik xususiyatlari va ularning tarjima jarayonida qanday saqlanishi yoki o‘zgarishi masalalari yoritiladi. Xususan, bolalar adabiyotida uchraydigan soddalashtirilgan leksika, qisqa va sodda gap tuzilmalari, obrazlilik, ritm va qofiya, takrorlar kabi elementlarning tarjima jarayonidagi aks etishi tahlil qilinadi. Tarjimon oldida turgan vazifalar, xususan, original matnning mazmuni va ohangini saqlab qolish, yosh auditoriyaning til darajasi va psixologik xususiyatlariga moslashish muhim jihatlar sifatida ko‘rib chiqiladi. Maqolada turli tillardagi bolalar adabiyotidan misollar keltirilib, lingvistik xususiyatlar va ularning tarjimada qanday yechim topgani tahlil qilinadi. Xulosa sifatida esa, bolalar adabiyoti tarjimasida nafaqat til, balki madaniyat, axloqiy mezonlar va estetik did ham hisobga olinishi lozimligi ta'kidlanadi.
Teachers’ perceptions of intra-school choice in secondary schools and its impact on professional interactions
Creators: name: Martens, Sherrie
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: The purpose of this research study is to develop an understanding of the impact of educational policies that promote competition between subject area courses and how this internal organizational competition between departments and teachers for students potentially impacts the behaviour and professional interactions of secondary school teachers. This research will study how the perceptions of teachers regarding the pressure to be competitive, thereby attracting students, impacts their professional interactions with their colleagues on the continuum between collaboration and competition. The research will be conducted by using a case study approach in one secondary school located in the lower mainland in British Columbia. Specifically, the proposed research seeks to answer the following questions: • What are teachers’ perceptions regarding the school ethos in relation to the relative degree of collaboration and competition between departments and between teachers in secondary schools? What do teachers believe contributes to this ethos? • How does the pressure to attract students manifest itself within specific departments and between specific teachers in terms of interactions with colleagues along a continuum between collaboration and competition?
Additional file 3 of The Canadian retinoblastoma research advisory board: a framework for patient engagement
Creators: name: Gelkopf, Maxwell
name: Avramov, Iva
name: Baddeliyanage, Richelle
name: Ristevski, Ivana
name: Johnson, Sarah
name: Flegg, Kaitlyn
name: Dimaras, Helen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Marine Biology

description: Additional file 3: Second Annual CRRAB Meeting Evaluation.
Additional file 1 of Use of thiazide diuretics for the prevention of recurrent kidney calculi: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Li, Dan-Feng
name: Gao, Yu-Lu
name: Liu, Hong-Chao
name: Huang, Xiao-Chen
name: Zhu, Rui-Fang
name: Chang-Tai Zhu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Search strategy of PubMed.
Fractal sets of dual topological quantum numbers
Creators: name: da Cruz, Wellington
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The universality classes of the quantum Hall transitions are considered in terms of fractal sets of dual topological quantum numbers filling factors, labelled by a fractal or Hausdorff dimension defined into the interval $1 < h < 2$ and associated with fractal curves. We show that our approach to the fractional quantum Hall effect-FQHE is free of any empirical formula and this characteristic appears as a crucial insight for our understanding of the FQHE. According to our formulation, the FQHE gets a fractal structure from the connection between the filling factors and the Hausdoff dimension of the quantum paths of particles termed fractons which obey a fractal distribution function associated with a fractal von Neumann entropy. This way, the quantum Hall transitions satisfy some properties related to the Farey sequences of rational numbers and so our theoretical description of the FQHE establishes a connection between physics, fractal geometry and number theory. The FQHE as a convenient physical system for a possible prove of the Riemann hypothesis is suggested.
description: Misprints corrected. Latex, 15 pages
Sociological examination of ethnic conflicts in obi local government area of Nasarawa State, Nigeria
Creators: name: Oke, O.O.
name: Adebayo, R.O.
name: Ishaku, A.
name: Oke, O.O.
name: Adebayo, R.O.
name: Ishaku, A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Sociological
subject: examination
subject: ethnic
subject: conflict
subject: Obi Local Government

description: This paper looked at sociological examination of ethnic conflicts in Obi Local Government Area of Nasarawa state to find out the causes of ethnic conflicts and assess effectiveness of government intervention in curbing conflicts in the study area. One hundred and two (102) respondents were drawn from three (3) purposively selected wards in study area. The study reveals that majority of respondents sampled were between the ages of 20-30 years (84.3%), male (81.5%) and single (51%). Majority (56.6%) of them also had tertiary education and worked as artisans (38.2%). The findings further reveals that 52 % of respondents were of the opinion that poverty contributed to the crisis in their area and 41.18% of them believed that land dispute was the major cause of conflict in the study area. Again, 52.9% of the respondents indicated that government intervention in resolving crisis was not effective while 71.6% of respondents indicated that traditional and religious leaders interventions in resolving conflict was effective. The study concludes that poverty, unemployment and illiteracy were sociological conditions that caused conflict in the study area. It is recommended that government must learn to intervene early enough in conflicts at the rumor stage and involved traditional heads and religious leader in any negotiations between conflicting groups as means of resolving disputes and differences.
Thin-disk laser-pumped OPCPA system delivering 4.4 TW few-cycle pulses
Creators: name: Kretschmar, Martin
name: Tuemmler, Johannes
name: Schütte, Bernd
name: Hoffmann, Andreas
name: Senfftleben, Björn
name: Mero, Mark
name: Sauppe, Mario
name: Rupp, Daniela
name: Vrakking, Marc J. J.
name: Will, Ingo
name: Nagy, Tamas
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: optical parametric chirped pulse amplification (OPCPA)
subject: terawatt pulses
subject: intense extreme ultraviolet (XUV) pulses
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::539 Moderne Physik

description: We present an optical parametric chirped pulse amplification (OPCPA) system delivering 4.4 TW pulses centered at 810 nm with a sub-9 fs duration and a carrier-envelope phase stability of 350 mrad. The OPCPA setup pumped by sub-10 ps pulses from two Yb:YAG thin-disk lasers at 100 Hz repetition rate is optimized for a high conversion-efficiency. The terawatt pulses of the OPCPA are utilized for generating intense extreme ultraviolet (XUV) pulses by high-order harmonic generation, achieving XUV pulse energies approaching the microjoule level.
Radio Environment Map and Deep Q-Learning for 5G Dynamic Point Blanking
Creators: name: Hoffmann, Marcin
name: Kryszkiewicz, Paweł
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Dynamic Point Blanking (DPB) is one of the Coordinated MultiPoint (CoMP) techniques, where some Base Stations (BSs) can be temporarily muted, e.g., to improve the cell-edge users throughput. In this paper, it is proposed to obtain the muting pattern that improves cell-edge users throughput with the use of a Deep Q-Learning. The Deep Q-Learning agent is trained on location-dependent data. Simulation studies have shown that the proposed solution improves cell-edge user throughput by about 20.6%.
Determinants of institutional conflicts resolution achievement among crop farmers in Oyo State, Nigeria
Creators: name: Yekinni, O.T.
name: Ladigbolu, T.A.
name: Adebisi, S.M.
name: Yekinni, O.T.
name: Ladigbolu, T.A.
name: Adebisi, S.M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Conflicts resolution
subject: traditional rulers
subject: institutions
subject: police force
subject: resolution strategy
subject: herdsmen

description: This study investigated with the determinants of institutional involvements in conflicts resolution in Oyo state. Multistage sampling procedure was used to select 120 farmers. Variables measured were farmers’ enterprise characteristics, institutional involvement, conflicts resolution strategies employed, constraints to conflicts resolution and extent of conflicts resolution achievement. Data were collected using interview schedule and analysed with the use of descriptive and inferential (PPMC and linear regression) statistics. Results revealed that 44.2% of the respondents were large scale farmers with 28.0 mean years of farming experience. Institutions mostly involved in conflicts resolution were traditional rulers (weighted score=262.7), crop farmer groups (192.3) and local government committee (188.4). Strategies mostly employed for conflicts resolution were prayer for peace (284.8), appeased the other parties involved (266.6) and educating farmers on their interdependence with the herdsmen (265). Language barrier (291.7), lack of funds for farmers’ association to intervene (291.7), hostility (289.8) were the mostly identified constraints to conflicts resolution achievement. More (56.7%) respondents held that there was low level of conflict resolution achievement. Significant relationship existed between conflict resolution achievement and institutional involvement (r =0.98) as well as conflicts resolution strategy employed (r =0.73). Factors associated with conflicts resolution achievement were resolution strategy (β=0.11) and institutional involvement (β=0.90).Therefore, effective involvement of institutions in conflicts resolution is highly recommended to resolving disputes and ameliorating the different interests of the farmers and herdsmen.
Interplay of Short-Range Interactions and Quantum Interference Near the Integer Quantum Hall Transition
Creators: name: Apalkov, V. M.
name: Raikh, M. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Short-range electron-electron interactions are incorporated into the network model of the integer quantum Hall effect. In the presence of interactions, the electrons, propagating along one link, experience exchange scattering off the Friedel oscillations of the density matrix of electrons on the neighboring links. As a result, the energy dependence of the transmission, ${\cal T}(ε)$, of the node, connecting the two links, develops an anomaly at the Fermi level, $ε=ε_F$. We show that this interaction-induced anomaly in ${\cal T}(ε)$ translates into the anomalous behavior of the Hall conductivity, $σ_{xy}(ν)$, where $ν$ is the filling factor (we assume that the electrons are {\em spinless}). At low temperatures, $T \to 0$, the evolution of the quantized $σ_{xy}$ with decreasing $ν$ proceeds as $1\to 2 \to 0$, in apparent violation of the semicircle relation. The anomaly in ${\cal T}(ε)$ also affects the temperature dependence of the peak in the diagonal conductivity, $σ_{xx}(ν, T)$. In particular, unlike the case of noninteracting electrons,the maximum value of $σ_{xx}$ stays at $σ_{xx} = 0.5$ within a wide temperature interval.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures
Practical End-to-End Optical Music Recognition for Pianoform Music
Creators: name: Mayer, Jiří
name: Straka, Milan
name: Hajič, Jan
name: Pecina, Pavel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.4.9; J.5

description: The majority of recent progress in Optical Music Recognition (OMR) has been achieved with Deep Learning methods, especially models following the end-to-end paradigm, reading input images and producing a linear sequence of tokens. Unfortunately, many music scores, especially piano music, cannot be easily converted to a linear sequence. This has led OMR researchers to use custom linearized encodings, instead of broadly accepted structured formats for music notation. Their diversity makes it difficult to compare the performance of OMR systems directly. To bring recent OMR model progress closer to useful results: (a) We define a sequential format called Linearized MusicXML, allowing to train an end-to-end model directly and maintaining close cohesion and compatibility with the industry-standard MusicXML format. (b) We create a dev and test set for benchmarking typeset OMR with MusicXML ground truth based on the OpenScore Lieder corpus. They contain 1,438 and 1,493 pianoform systems, each with an image from IMSLP. (c) We train and fine-tune an end-to-end model to serve as a baseline on the dataset and employ the TEDn metric to evaluate the model. We also test our model against the recently published synthetic pianoform dataset GrandStaff and surpass the state-of-the-art results.
description: 15+4 pages, 6 figures
Self-organized pattern formation and noise-induced control from particle computation
Creators: name: Rohlf, Thimo
name: Bornholdt, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We propose a new non-equilibrium model for spatial pattern formation on the basis of local information transfer. Unlike standard models of pattern formation it is not based on the Turing instability. Information is transmitted through the system via particle-like excitations whose collective dynamics result in pattern formation and control. Here, a simple problem of domain formation is addressed by this model in an implementation as stochastic cellular automata. One observes stable pattern formation, even in the presence of noise and cell flow. Noise stabilizes the system through the production of quasi-particles that control the position of the domain boundary. Self-organized boundaries become sharp for large system with fluctuations vanishing with a power of the system size. Pattern proportions are scale-independent with system size. Pattern formation is stable over large parameter ranges with two phase transitions occurring at vanishing noise and increased cell flow.
description: 4 pages, 7 figures. See also JAVA applet at http://www.theo-physik.uni-kiel.de/~rohlf/development.html
Analysis of switched-capacitor circuits using driving-point signal-flow graphs
Creators: name: Schmid, Hanspeter
name: Huber, Alex
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Switched-capacitor circuits
Signal-flow graph
Driving-point impedance
Multi-phase SC networks
Circuit analysis

description: This paper extends the driving-point signal-flow graphs to switched-capacitor (SC) circuits by introducing a new theoretical element: an auxiliary voltage source that transfers no charge. In contrast to existing SFG methods, our method has no restrictions as to what types of SC circuits can be analysed, it requires no equivalent circuits or tables, and it works with two-phase as well as multi-phase SC circuits of any complexity. Compared to charge-equation matrix methods, it requires more effort, but is better suited for hand analysis because it makes causal relationships visible. Three illustrative examples are given to show the efficiency of the method and present a few application hints: a voltage doubler, the standard SC integrator, and a four-phase circuit simulating an inductor.
MEI encoding: 6 Variations on "Nel cor più non mi sento" (WoO 70) by Ludwig van Beethoven
Creators: name: Goebl, Werner
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: 6 Variations, WoO 70 by Ludwig van Beethoven, encoding of Breitkopf und Härtel edition, 1862–90. Plate B.168.
MEI encoding: 24 Variations on 'Vieni Amore' by Vincenzo Righini (WoO 65) by Ludwig van Beethoven
Creators: name: Goebl, Werner
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: 24 Variations on 'Vieni Amore' by Vincenzo Righini, WoO 65 by Ludwig van Beethoven, encoding of Breitkopf und Härtel edition, 1862–90. Plate B.178.
Assessment of the involvement of male farmers in non farm income generating activities in Ogo-Oluwa local government area of Oyo-State
Creators: name: Taiwao, A.O.
name: Kuponiyi, F.A.
name: Taiwao, A.O.
name: Kuponiyi, F.A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Farm Management
subject: Involvement
subject: non-farm IGA(s)
subject: diversification
subject: male farmers

description: The study investigated the involvement of male farmers in non-farm Income Generating Activities (IGAs) in Ogo-Oluwa Local Government Area of Oyo state. Multistage sampling technique was used to select 100 respondents for the study. A well-structured and validated interview schedule was used in collecting primary data. The data were then subjected to both descriptive and inferential statistics. The respondents were involved in non-farm income generating activities such as trading (29%), driving (7%), Okada riding (6%), mechanics (6%), Carpentry (5%), Milling (5%) and others (18%). Contributions to family welfare were scored in the areas of feeding, children’s education, family health care and social obligations. The result further revealed that none of the male farmer’s personal characteristics such as age, marital status, educational level, religion and cosmopoliteness influenced their involvement in non-farm IGAs. Therefore there is a need to encourage farmers to get involved in non-farm IGAs coupled with farming so as to complement for declining returns in farming.