cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Senecio ovatus subsp. stabianus Willd.
Creators: name: Falcinelli, Francesco
name: Conti, Fabio
name: Donnini, Domizia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Asterales
Asteraceae
Senecio
Senecio ovatus

description: Senecio ovatus (G.Gaertn., B.Mey. & Scherb.) Willd. subsp. stabianus (Lacaita) Greuter
(Asteraceae)
Sottospecie nuova per l’Umbria.
 Scheggia e Pascelupo (Perugia), M. Catria, versante SE, nelle vicinanze della F.te dell’Insollio (UTM WGS84: 33 T 315.4813), faggeta, suolo calcareo, 1200 m, 5 Iul 2015, F. Falcinelli (APP); ibidem, 1160 m, 9 Iul 2015, F. Falcinelli (APP); ibidem, 1215 m, 9 Iul 2015, F. Falcinelli (APP); Scheggino (Perugia), Valle Pagana o Malpana (UTM WGS84: 33 T 326.4723), faggeta, suolo calcareo, 1295 m, 12 Iul 2015, F. Falcinelli (APP); ibidem, 1330 m, 12 Iul 2015, F. Falcinelli (APP); Nocera Umbra (Perugia), M. Pennino, versante SO, nell’impluvio sottostante Pozzo Federici (UTM WGS84: 33 T 327.4773), faggeta, suolo calcareo, 1365 m, 15 Iul 2015, F. Falcinelli (APP).
 Endemica italiana (Peruzzi et al., 2014, 2015) nota dal Lazio alla Calabria, non registrata per la Puglia (Conti et al., 2005). Il nuovo ritrovamento segna il limite settentrionale del suo areale.
description: Published as part of Falcinelli, Francesco, Conti, Fabio & Donnini, Domizia, 2016, Secondo contributo alla flora vascolare dell'Umbria (Italia centrale), pp. 21-26 in Natural History Sciences 3 (1) on page 23, DOI: 10.4081/nhs.2016.273, http://zenodo.org/record/12753769
Social Cognition in Schizophrenia: An NIMH Workshop on Definitions, Assessment, and Research Opportunities
Creators: name: Park, S.
name: Carpenter, W. T.
name: Kring, A. M.
name: Gaebel, W.
name: Silverstein, S. M.
name: Heinssen, R.
name: Penn, D. L.
name: Green, M. F.
name: Gur, R. C.
name: Bentall, R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Social cognition has become a high priority area for the study of schizophrenia. However, despite developments in this area, progress remains limited by inconsistent terminology and differences in the way social cognition is measured. To address these obstacles, a consensus-building meeting on social cognition in schizophrenia was held at the National Institute of Mental Health in March 2006. Agreement was reached on several points, including definitions of terms, the significance of social cognition for schizophrenia research, and suggestions for future research directions. The importance of translational interdisciplinary research teams was emphasized. The current article presents a summary of these discussions.
Brain-Performance Correlates of Working Memory Retrieval in Schizophrenia: A Cognitive Modeling Approach
Creators: name: Belger, A.
name: Lim, K. O.
name: McCarthy, G.
name: Manoach, D. S.
name: Wible, C. G.
name: Mathalon, D.
name: Greve, D.
name: Ozyurt, B.
name: Lauriello, J.
name: Gollub, R. L.
name: Turner, J. A.
name: Glover, G. H.
name: Bischoff-Grethe, A.
name: Notestine, R.
name: Ford, J. M.
name: Brown, G. G.
name: O'Leary, D.
name: Potkin, S. G.
name: Calhoun, V. D.
name: Gadde, S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Correlations of cognitive functioning with brain activation during a sternberg item recognition paradigm (SIRP) were investigated in patients with schizophrenia and in healthy controls studied at 8 sites. To measure memory scanning times, 4 response time models were fit to SIRP data. The best fitting model assumed exhaustive serial memory scanning followed by self-terminating memory search and involved one intercept parameter to represent SIRP processes not contributing directly to memory scanning. Patients displayed significantly longer response times with increasing memory load and differed on the memory scanning, memory search, and intercept parameters of the best fitting probability model. Groups differed in the correlation between the memory scanning parameter and linear brain response to increasing memory load within left inferior and left middle frontal gyrus, bilateral caudate, and right precuneus. The pattern of findings in these regions indicated that high scanning capacity was associated with high neural capacity among healthy subjects but that scanning speed was uncoupled from brain response to increasing memory load among schizophrenia patients. Group differences in correlation of the best fitting model's scanning parameter with a quadratic trend in brain response to increasing memory load suggested inefficient or disordered patterns of neural inhibition among individuals with schizophrenia, especially in the left perirhinal and entorhinal cortices. The results show at both cognitive and neural levels that disordered memory scanning contributes to deficient SIRP performance among schizophrenia patients.
Tephroseris italica Holub
Creators: name: Falcinelli, Francesco
name: Conti, Fabio
name: Donnini, Domizia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Asterales
Asteraceae
Tephroseris
Tephroseris italica

description: Tephroseris italica Holub
(Asteraceae)
Specie nuova per l’Umbria.
 Assisi (Perugia), Monte Subasio, M. Civitelle, versante NEE, nel F. so del Vettoio (UTM WGS84: 33 T 311.4769), orlo di faggeta, suolo calcareo, 1100 m, 26 Mai 2009,  F. Falcinelli (PERU); ibidem, 14 Iun 2009,  F. Falcinelli (PERU); ibidem, 1190 m, esposizione N  , 20 Mai 2015, F. Falcinelli (APP); Scheggia e Pascelupo (Perugia), M. Catria, versante ESE, sopra Piano S. Angelo (UTM WGS84: 33 T 316.4813), orlo di faggeta, suolo calcareo, 1025 m, 26 Apr 2015, F. Falcinelli (APP).
 Endemica italiana (Peruzzi et al., 2014, 2015) nota dalla Liguria alle Marche, dubbia in Piemonte e Abruzzo (Conti et al., 2005; Anzalone et al., 2010; Conti & Bartolucci, 2013). Il nuovo ritrovamento segna il nuovo limite meridionale attualmente accertato del suo areale.
description: Published as part of Falcinelli, Francesco, Conti, Fabio & Donnini, Domizia, 2016, Secondo contributo alla flora vascolare dell'Umbria (Italia centrale), pp. 21-26 in Natural History Sciences 3 (1) on page 23, DOI: 10.4081/nhs.2016.273, http://zenodo.org/record/12753769
Mixing properties and the chromatic number of Ramanujan complexes
Creators: name: Evra, Shai
name: Golubev, Konstantin
name: Lubotzky, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Ramanujan complexes are high dimensional simplical complexes generalizing Ramanujan graphs. A result of Oh on quantitative property (T) for Lie groups over local fields is used to deduce a Mixing Lemma for such complexes. As an application we prove that non-partite Ramanujan complexes have 'high girth' and high chromatic number, generalizing a well known result about Ramanujan graphs.
Cross-sectional and Longitudinal Relationships Between Insight and Attitudes Toward Medication and Clinical Outcomes in Chronic Schizophrenia
Creators: name: Swartz, M.
name: Lieberman, J. A.
name: Stroup, S.
name: Mohamed, S.
name: McEvoy, J.
name: Rosenheck, R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Background: We evaluated the cross-sectional and longitudinal association of measures of both insight and attitudes toward medication to outcomes that included psychopathology and community functioning. Methods: Clinical Antipsychotic Trial of Intervention Effectiveness (CATIE) was a large 18-month follow-up study pharmacotherapy of people with schizophrenia. Insight was measured using the Insight and Treatment Attitudes Questionnaire and attitudes toward medication by the Drug Attitude Inventory. Widely known scales were used to assess symptoms of schizophrenia and depression and community functioning. Medication adherence was globally assessed by the treating psychiatrist using several sources of information. Bivariate correlations and mixed model regression analyses were used to test the relationship of insight and medication attitudes to outcomes at baseline and during the follow-up period. Regression models were used to evaluate the relationship between change in insight and medication attitudes and changes outcomes. Results: There was a significant relationship at baseline between insight and drug attitudes and symptoms of schizophrenia and depression, as well as with community functioning. Higher levels of insight at baseline were significantly associated with lower levels of schizophrenia symptoms at follow-up while more positive medication attitudes were significantly associated with both lower symptom levels and better community functioning. Change in insight scores over time was associated with declining schizophrenia symptoms but increasing levels of depression. Change toward more positive medication attitudes was associated, independently of changes in insight, with significant decreases in psychopathology, improvement in community functioning, and greater medication compliance. Conclusion: Greater patient understanding of their illness and more positive attitudes toward medication may improve outcomes. Educational interventions that affect these attitudes may be an important part of psychosocial rehabilitation and/or recovery-oriented services.
Enhancing sea ice segmentation in Sentinel-1 images with atrous convolutions
Creators: name: de Lima, Rafael Pires
name: Vahedi, Behzad
name: Hughes, Nick
name: Barrett, Andrew P.
name: Meier, Walter
name: Karimzadeh, Morteza
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Due to the growing volume of remote sensing data and the low latency required for safe marine navigation, machine learning (ML) algorithms are being developed to accelerate sea ice chart generation, currently a manual interpretation task. However, the low signal-to-noise ratio of the freely available Sentinel-1 Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) imagery, the ambiguity of backscatter signals for ice types, and the scarcity of open-source high-resolution labelled data makes automating sea ice mapping challenging. We use Extreme Earth version 2, a high-resolution benchmark dataset generated for ML training and evaluation, to investigate the effectiveness of ML for automated sea ice mapping. Our customized pipeline combines ResNets and Atrous Spatial Pyramid Pooling for SAR image segmentation. We investigate the performance of our model for: i) binary classification of sea ice and open water in a segmentation framework; and ii) a multiclass segmentation of five sea ice types. For binary ice-water classification, models trained with our largest training set have weighted F1 scores all greater than 0.95 for January and July test scenes. Specifically, the median weighted F1 score was 0.98, indicating high performance for both months. By comparison, a competitive baseline U-Net has a weighted average F1 score of ranging from 0.92 to 0.94 (median 0.93) for July, and 0.97 to 0.98 (median 0.97) for January. Multiclass ice type classification is more challenging, and even though our models achieve 2% improvement in weighted F1 average compared to the baseline U-Net, test weighted F1 is generally between 0.6 and 0.80. Our approach can efficiently segment full SAR scenes in one run, is faster than the baseline U-Net, retains spatial resolution and dimension, and is more robust against noise compared to approaches that rely on patch classification.
Triple collinear splitting functions at NLO for scattering processes with photons
Creators: name: Sborlini, German F. R.
name: de Florian, Daniel
name: Rodrigo, German
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present splitting functions in the triple collinear limit at next-to-leading order. The computation was performed in the context of massless QCD+QED, considering only processes which include at least one photon. Through the comparison of the IR divergent structure of splitting amplitudes with the expected known behavior, we were able to check our results. Besides that we implemented some consistency checks based on symmetry arguments and cross-checked the results among them. Studying photon-started processes, we obtained very compact results.
description: 32 pages, 6 figures. Final version published in JHEP
Övningar i geomorfologi/Exercises in geomorphology
Creators: name: Jansson, Peter
Publisher: name: Stockholm University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Stratigraphy (incl. biostratigraphy, sequence stratigraphy and basin analysis)
Climate change processes
Other earth sciences not elsewhere classified
Environmental education and extension
Other environmental sciences not elsewhere classified
Environmental management not elsewhere classified
Geomorphology and earth surface processes
Glaciology
Hydrology not elsewhere classified
Landscape ecology
Oceanography not elsewhere classified
Physical geography and environmental geoscience not elsewhere classified
Physical oceanography
Quaternary environments

description: This compendium contains exercises in geomorphology intended for introductory level geomorphology courses. The exercises are largely based on two tools QGIS and Google Earth Pro. The QGIS exercises require specific digital elevation model data sets available to academic institutions in Sweden.
V.3 2020-11-30 Improved figures and reorganised chapter order. Geomorphology lab rewritten
V.1 2018-- &First version
Homogeneous Linewidth Narrowing of the Charged Exciton via Nuclear Spin Screening in an InAs/GaAs Quantum Dot Ensemble
Creators: name: Moody, G.
name: Feng, M.
name: McDonald, C.
name: Mirin, R. P.
name: Silverman, K. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In semiconductor quantum dots, the electron hyperfine interaction with the nuclear spin bath is the leading source of spin decoherence at cryogenic temperature. Using high-resolution two-color differential transmission spectroscopy, we demonstrate that such electron-nuclear coupling also imposes a lower limit for the positively charged exciton dephasing rate, γ, in an ensemble of InAs/GaAs quantum dots. We find that the dephasing rate is sensitive to the strength of the hyperfine interaction, which can be controlled through the application of an external magnetic field in the Faraday configuration. At zero applied field, strong electron-nuclear coupling induces additional dephasing beyond the radiative limit and γ= 230 MHz (0.95 μeV). Screening of the hyperfine interaction is achieved for an external field of ~1 T, resulting in γ= 172 MHz (0.71 μeV) limited only by spontaneous recombination. On the other hand, application of a Voigt magnetic field mixes the spin eigenstates, which increases the dephasing rate by up to 75%. These results are reproduced with a simple and intuitive model that captures the essential features of the electron hyperfine interaction and its influence on γ.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures
Deep Learning on SAR Imagery: Transfer Learning Versus Randomly Initialized Weights
Creators: name: Karimzadeh, Morteza
name: de Lima, Rafael Pires
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Deploying deep learning on Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data is becoming more common for mapping purposes. One such case is sea ice, which is highly dynamic and rapidly changes as a result of the combined effect of wind, temperature, and ocean currents. Therefore, frequent mapping of sea ice is necessary to ensure safe marine navigation. However, there is a general shortage of expert-labeled data to train deep learning algorithms. Fine-tuning a pre-trained model on SAR imagery is a potential solution. In this paper, we compare the performance of deep learning models trained from scratch using randomly initialized weights against pre-trained models that we fine-tune for this purpose. Our results show that pre-trained models lead to better results, especially on test samples from the melt season.
Validity of the Prodromal Risk Syndrome for First Psychosis: Findings From the North American Prodrome Longitudinal Study
Creators: name: Woods, Scott W.
name: Tsuang, Ming T.
name: Cadenhead, Kristin S.
name: Seidman, Larry J.
name: Walker, Elaine F.
name: Perkins, Diana O.
name: Cornblatt, Barbara A.
name: Addington, Jean
name: Cannon, Tyrone D.
name: Heinssen, Robert
name: McGlashan, Thomas H.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Treatment and prevention studies over the past decade have enrolled patients believed to be at risk for future psychosis. These patients were considered at risk for psychosis by virtue of meeting research criteria derived from retrospective accounts of the psychosis prodrome. This study evaluated the diagnostic validity of the prospective “prodromal risk syndrome” construct. Patients assessed by the Structured Interview for Prodromal Syndromes as meeting criteria of prodromal syndromes (n = 377) from the North American Prodrome Longitudinal Study were compared with normal comparison (NC, n = 196), help-seeking comparison (HSC, n = 198), familial high-risk (FHR, n = 40), and schizotypal personality disorder (SPD, n = 49) groups. Comparisons were made on variables from cross-sectional demographic, symptom, functional, comorbid diagnostic, and family history domains of assessment as well as on follow-up outcome. Prodromal risk syndrome patients as a group were robustly distinguished from NC subjects across all domains and distinguished from HSC subjects and from FHR subjects on most measures in many of these domains. Adolescent and young adult SPD patients, while distinct from prodromal patients on definitional grounds, were similar to prodromals on multiple measures, consistent with SPD in young patients possibly being an independent risk syndrome for psychosis. The strong evidence of diagnostic validity for the prodromal risk syndrome for first psychosis raises the question of its evaluation for inclusion in Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (Fifth Edition).
Cirsium pannonicum
Creators: name: Falcinelli, Francesco
name: Conti, Fabio
name: Donnini, Domizia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Asterales
Asteraceae
Cirsium
Cirsium pannonicum

description: Cirsium pannonicum (L.f.) Link
(Asteraceae)
Specie nuova per l’Umbria.
 Spoleto (Perugia), M. Solenne, versante NO (UTM WGS84: 33 T 319.4725), pascolo, suolo calcareo, 1215 m, 25 Iul 2015, F. Falcinelli (APP).
 In Italia nota dal Piemonte al Friuli Venezia Giulia, più rara lungo la penisola: non confermata in Emilia-Romagna e Abruzzo, presente in Toscana, Marche e Basilicata (Conti et al., 2005; Alessandrini et al., 2010).
description: Published as part of Falcinelli, Francesco, Conti, Fabio & Donnini, Domizia, 2016, Secondo contributo alla flora vascolare dell'Umbria (Italia centrale), pp. 21-26 in Natural History Sciences 3 (1) on page 22, DOI: 10.4081/nhs.2016.273, http://zenodo.org/record/12753769
Bidens subalternans DC.
Creators: name: Falcinelli, Francesco
name: Conti, Fabio
name: Donnini, Domizia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Asterales
Asteraceae
Bidens
Bidens subalternans

description: Bidens subalternans DC.
(Asteraceae)
Specie esotica naturalizzata nuova per l’Umbria.
 Panicale (Perugia), vicinanze del centro abitato di Panicale (UTM WGS84: 33 T 263.4768), margine di strada rurale, suolo calcareo, 440 m, 24 Nov 2015, F. Falcinelli (APP); Trevi (Perugia), vicinanze del centro abitato di Manciano (UTM WGS84: 33 T 317.4752), margine stradale, suolo calcareo, 480 m, 2 Dec 2015, F. Falcinelli (APP).
 In Italia è considerata naturalizzata in Lombardia, Liguria, Marche e Campania, invasiva in Friuli Venezia Giulia (Conti et al., 2005; Croce & Scopece, 2006; Celesti Grapow et al., 2009a; Marchetti, 2012).
description: Published as part of Falcinelli, Francesco, Conti, Fabio & Donnini, Domizia, 2016, Secondo contributo alla flora vascolare dell'Umbria (Italia centrale), pp. 21-26 in Natural History Sciences 3 (1) on page 23, DOI: 10.4081/nhs.2016.273, http://zenodo.org/record/12753769
Working memory and DLPFC inefficiency in schizophrenia: The FBIRN study
Creators: name: Diaz, M.
name: Lauriello, J.
name: Greve, D. N.
name: Preda, A.
name: Manoach, D. S.
name: Glover, G. H.
name: Brown, G. G.
name: Potkin, S. G.
name: Mathalon, D. H.
name: McCarthy, G.
name: Lim, K. O.
name: Wible, C. G.
name: O'Leary, D.
name: Toga, A. W.
name: Belger, A.
name: Turner, J. A.
name: van Erp, T. G. M.
name: Gollub, R.
name: Ford, J. M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Background: The Functional Imaging Biomedical Informatics Network is a consortium developing methods for multisite functional imaging studies. Both prefrontal hyper- or hypoactivity in chronic schizophrenia have been found in previous studies of working memory. Methods: In this functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study of working memory, 128 subjects with chronic schizophrenia and 128 age- and gender-matched controls were recruited from 10 universities around the United States. Subjects performed the Sternberg Item Recognition Paradigm1,2 with memory loads of 1, 3, or 5 items. A region of interest analysis examined the mean BOLD signal change in an atlas-based demarcation of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), in both groups, during both the encoding and retrieval phases of the experiment over the various memory loads. Results: Subjects with schizophrenia performed slightly but significantly worse than the healthy volunteers and showed a greater decrease in accuracy and increase in reaction time with increasing memory load. The mean BOLD signal in the DLPFC was significantly greater in the schizophrenic group than the healthy group, particularly in the intermediate load condition. A secondary analysis matched subjects for mean accuracy and found the same BOLD signal hyperresponse in schizophrenics. Conclusions: The increase in BOLD signal change from minimal to moderate memory loads was greater in the schizophrenic subjects than in controls. This effect remained when age, gender, run, hemisphere, and performance were considered, consistent with inefficient DLPFC function during working memory. These findings from a large multisite sample support the concept not of hyper- or hypofrontality in schizophrenia, but rather DLPFC inefficiency that may be manifested in either direction depending on task demands. This redirects the focus of research from direction of difference to neural mechanisms of inefficiency.
Singular limits of Voigt models in fluid dynamics
Creators: name: Zelati, Michele Coti
name: Gal, Ciprian G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37L30, 35Q35, 35Q30, 35B40

description: We investigate the long-term behavior, as a certain regularization parameter vanishes, of the three-dimensional Navier-Stokes-Voigt model of a viscoelastic incompressible fluid. We prove the existence of global and exponential attractors of optimal regularity. We then derive explicit upper bounds for the dimension of these attractors in terms of the three-dimensional Grashof number and the regularization parameter. Finally, we also prove convergence of the (strong) global attractor of the 3D Navier-Stokes-Voigt model to the (weak) global attractor of the 3D Navier-Stokes equation. Our analysis improves and extends recent results obtained by Kalantarov and Titi in [31].
description: v2: the statement and proof of Theorem 5.2 have changed. In the previous version, the proof was based on Theorem 4.9 in a book of Ladyzhenskaya, which turns out to be based on a faulty assumption. See Remark 5.5 for details
A Method for Network Intrusion Detection Using Flow Sequence and BERT Framework
Creators: name: Nguyen, Loc Gia
name: Watabe, Kohei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A Network Intrusion Detection System (NIDS) is a tool that identifies potential threats to a network. Recently, different flow-based NIDS designs utilizing Machine Learning (ML) algorithms have been proposed as solutions to detect intrusions efficiently. However, conventional ML-based classifiers have not seen widespread adoption in the real world due to their poor domain adaptation capability. In this research, our goal is to explore the possibility of using sequences of flows to improve the domain adaptation capability of network intrusion detection systems. Our proposal employs natural language processing techniques and Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers framework, which is an effective technique for modeling data with respect to its context. Early empirical results show that our approach has improved domain adaptation capability compared to previous approaches. The proposed approach provides a new research method for building a robust intrusion detection system.
Analytical reasoning task reveals limits of social learning in networks
Creators: name: Rahwan, Iyad
name: Krasnoshtan, Dmytro
name: Shariff, Azim
name: Bonnefon, Jean-Francois
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Social learning -by observing and copying others- is a highly successful cultural mechanism for adaptation, outperforming individual information acquisition and experience. Here, we investigate social learning in the context of the uniquely human capacity for reflective, analytical reasoning. A hallmark of the human mind is our ability to engage analytical reasoning, and suppress false associative intuitions. Through a set of lab-based network experiments, we find that social learning fails to propagate this cognitive strategy. When people make false intuitive conclusions, and are exposed to the analytic output of their peers, they recognize and adopt this correct output. But they fail to engage analytical reasoning in similar subsequent tasks. Thus, humans exhibit an 'unreflective copying bias,' which limits their social learning to the output, rather than the process, of their peers' reasoning -even when doing so requires minimal effort and no technical skill. In contrast to much recent work on observation-based social learning, which emphasizes the propagation of successful behavior through copying, our findings identify a limit on the power of social networks in situations that require analytical reasoning.
Astrophysical Conditions for Planetary Habitability
Creators: name: Guedel, M.
name: Dvorak, R.
name: Erkaev, N.
name: Kasting, J.
name: Khodachenko, M.
name: Lammer, H.
name: Pilat-Lohinger, E.
name: Rauer, H.
name: Ribas, I.
name: Wood, B. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With the discovery of hundreds of exoplanets and a potentially huge number of Earth-like planets waiting to be discovered, the conditions for their habitability have become a focal point in exoplanetary research. The classical picture of habitable zones primarily relies on the stellar flux allowing liquid water to exist on the surface of an Earth-like planet with a suitable atmosphere. However, numerous further stellar and planetary properties constrain habitability. Apart from "geophysical" processes depending on the internal structure and composition of a planet, a complex array of astrophysical factors additionally determine habitability. Among these, variable stellar UV, EUV, and X-ray radiation, stellar and interplanetary magnetic fields, ionized winds, and energetic particles control the constitution of upper planetary atmospheres and their physical and chemical evolution. Short- and long-term stellar variability necessitates full time-dependent studies to understand planetary habitability at any point in time. Furthermore, dynamical effects in planetary systems and transport of water to Earth-like planets set fundamentally important constraints. We will review these astrophysical conditions for habitability under the crucial aspects of the long-term evolution of stellar properties, the consequent extreme conditions in the early evolutionary phase of planetary systems, and the important interplay between properties of the host star and its planets.
description: to appear in Protostars and Planets VI, 24 pages, 12 figures
Observing through wavy water surface：reconstruction the distortion-free image from a distorted video sequence
Creators: name: jian, bijian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Computer vision
Image processing
Knowledge and information management
Computational complexity and computability

description: We propose an efficient image restoration scheme for the distorted by wavy water surface. The scheme can be used for underwater target detection, coastal target monitoring, and marine biological research.
The ensemble optical variability of type-1 AGN in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 7
Creators: name: Gallastegui-Aizpun, Unai
name: Sarajedini, Vicki L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use a sample of over 5000 active galactic nuclei (AGN) with extended morphologies at z<0.8 from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) to study the ensemble optical variability as a function of rest-frame time lag and AGN luminosity with the aim of investigating these parameter relationships at lower luminosities than previously studied. We compare photometry from imaging data with spectrophotometry obtained weeks to years later in the Sloan g, r, and i bands. We employ quasar and galaxy eigenspectra fitting to separate the AGN and host galaxy components. A strong correlation between the variability amplitude and rest-frame time lag is observed, in agreement with quasar structure functions but extending to AGN several magnitudes fainter than previously studied. The structure function slopes for our fainter AGN sample are slightly shallower than those found in quasars studies. An anticorrelation with luminosity is clearly detected, with lower luminosity AGN displaying greater variability amplitudes. We demonstrate for the first time that this anticorrelation extends to AGN as faint as $M_{AGN_i}\sim-18.5$, with a slight trend towards shallower slopes at luminosities fainter than $M_{AGN_i}\sim-20.2$.
description: 16 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Ligustrum sinense Lour.
Creators: name: Falcinelli, Francesco
name: Conti, Fabio
name: Donnini, Domizia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Lamiales
Oleaceae
Ligustrum
Ligustrum sinense

description: Ligustrum sinense Lour.
(Oleaceae)
Specie esotica casuale nuova per l’Umbria.
 Foligno (Perugia), vicinanze di S. Giovanni, incolto lungo la SS3 Via Flaminia (UTM WGS84: 33T 314.4761), incolto, suolo calcareo, 270 m, 29 Mai 2012, F. Falcinelli (APP); Assisi (Perugia), vicinanze di Castelnuovo, incolto lungo un fosso in via del Cardeto (UTM WGS84: 33T 302.4767), incolto, suolo calcareo, 195 m, 21 Mai 2015, F. Falcinelli (APP); Montefalco (Perugia), via Ringhiera Umbra (UTM WGS84: 33T 308.4751), biforcazione di un esemplare di grandi dimensioni di Cedrus libani, 455 m, 1 Iun 2015, F. Falcinelli (APP); ibidem, 18 Dec 2015, F. Falcinelli (PERU).
 In Italia indicata per Val d’Aosta, Piemonte, Lombardia, Trentino-Alto Adige, Veneto, Friuli Venezia Giulia, Toscana, Lazio, Abruzzo e Campania (Conti et al., 2005; Celesti Grapow et al., 2009a; Marchetti, 2011; Lonati et al., 2014).
description: Published as part of Falcinelli, Francesco, Conti, Fabio & Donnini, Domizia, 2016, Secondo contributo alla flora vascolare dell'Umbria (Italia centrale), pp. 21-26 in Natural History Sciences 3 (1) on page 23, DOI: 10.4081/nhs.2016.273, http://zenodo.org/record/12753769
title: Nucleophilic substitution reactions in hydrothermal degradation of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances
Creators: name: Brooks, Sean E.
name: Hao, Shilai
name: Strathmann, Timothy J.
Publisher: name: Colorado School of Mines. Arthur Lakes Library
Year: 2023

description: Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a class of fluorinated surfactants used in aqueous film forming foam, plastics production, and semiconductor manufacturing, among other industrial applications. PFAS are highly recalcitrant and have been demonstrated to toxicologically affect wild organisms and humans. Hydrothermal alkaline treatment (HALT), which involves the rection of PFAS in a subcritical aqueous environment with the addition of a strong base, has been demonstrated to destroy two major categories of PFAS, perfluorocarboxylic acids (PFCAs) and perfluorosulfonic acids (PFSAs), in highly-concentrated aqueous matrices. This research investigates the reaction mechanisms underpinning HALT by comparing the reactivity of different nucleophiles. Solutions (1M) of four nucleophiles – sodium bromide (nucleophilicity [n] =3.89), sodium hydroxide (n=4.20), potassium iodide (n=5.04), and sodium hydrosulfide (n=5.10 ) – were combined with a concentrated sample of ultrashort chain PFAS trifluoromethane sulfonate (TFMS) and reacted at 350°C for times ranging from 30 minutes to 180 minutes. Defluorination rates were determined by measuring fluoride in the post-treatment samples with a fluoride ion selective electrode (FISE). For each reaction time, sodium hydroxide promoted the greatest defluorination, which was nearly an order of magnitude higher than the next-best performing nucleophile, sodium hydrosulfide, for the 180 minute reaction. The findings from this study extend prior research into long chain PFSAs by experimentally determining the hydroxide amendment as the most effective nucleophile for defluorination of ultrashort chain PFSAs. This study provides further evidence to support the hypothesis that nucleophilic substitution reactions form the mechanism through which defluorination of PFAS occurs in HALT.
First Measurements of Timelike Form Factors of the Hyperons, Lambda0, Sigma0, Sigma+, Xi0, Xi-, and Omega-, and Evidence of Diquark Correlations
Creators: name: Dobbs, S.
name: Tomaradze, A.
name: Xiao, T.
name: Seth, Kamal K.
name: Bonvicini, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using 805 pb^-1 of e+e- annihilation data taken with the CLEO-c detector at psi(3770), sqrt{s}=3770 MeV, we report the first measurements of the electromagnetic form factors of the Lambda0, Sigma0, Sigma+, Xi0, Xi-, and Omega- hyperons for the large timelike momentum transfer of |Q^2|=14.2 GeV^2. The form factors for the different hyperons are found to vary by nearly a factor two. It is found that |G_M(Lambda0)|=1.66(24) x |G_M(Sigma0)|. The Lambda0 and Sigma0 hyperons have the same uds quark content, but differ in their isospin, and therefore the spin of the $ud$ quark pair. It is suggested that the spatial correlation implied by the singlet spin--isospin configuration in the Lambda0 is an example of strong diquark correlations in the Lambda0, as anticipated by Jaffe and Wilczek. Improved measurements of the branching fractions of psi(2S) -> p pbar and hyperon--antihyperon pairs are also reported.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Nerium oleander subsp. oleander
Creators: name: Falcinelli, Francesco
name: Conti, Fabio
name: Donnini, Domizia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Gentianales
Apocynaceae
Nerium
Nerium oleander

description: Nerium oleander L. subsp. oleander
(Apocynaceae)
Specie esotica casuale nuova per l’Umbria.
 Giano dell’Umbria (Perugia), mura lungo via Case Basse (UTM WGS84: 33 T 302.4745), muro, 515 m, 23 Iul 2014, F. Falcinelli (APP).
 Entità nativa nell’Italia meridionale e alloctona in Trentino-Alto Adige, Veneto, Friuli Venezia Giulia, Lazio e Abruzzo (Conti et al., 2005; Martini & Pavan, 2008; Masin et al., 2009; Prosser et al., 2009).
description: Published as part of Falcinelli, Francesco, Conti, Fabio & Donnini, Domizia, 2016, Secondo contributo alla flora vascolare dell'Umbria (Italia centrale), pp. 21-26 in Natural History Sciences 3 (1) on page 23, DOI: 10.4081/nhs.2016.273, http://zenodo.org/record/12753769
On the one dimensional Euclidean matching problem: exact solutions, correlation functions and universality
Creators: name: Caracciolo, Sergio
name: Sicuro, Gabriele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the equivalence relation between the Euclidean bipartite matching problem on the line and on the circumference and the Brownian bridge process on the same domains. The equivalence allows us to compute the correlation function and the optimal cost of the original combinatoric problem in the thermodynamic limit; moreover, we solve also the minimax problem on the line and on the circumference. The properties of the average cost and correlation functions are discussed.
Schizophrenia Genetics: Where Next?
Creators: name: Trace, S. E.
name: Kim, Y.
name: Zerwas, S.
name: Sullivan, P. F.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: The purpose of this invited review is to summarize the state of genetic research into the etiology of schizophrenia (SCZ) and to consider options for progress. The fundamental uncertainty in SCZ genetics has always been the nature of the beast, the underlying genetic architecture. If this were known, studies using the appropriate technologies and sample sizes could be designed with an excellent chance of producing high-confidence results. Until recently, few pertinent data were available, and the field necessarily relied on speculation. However, for the first time in the complex and frustrating history of inquiry into the genetics of SCZ, we now have empirical data about the genetic basis of SCZ that implicate specific loci and that can be used to plan the next steps forward.
Risk Factors for Psychosis: Impaired Social and Role Functioning
Creators: name: Tsuang, M. T.
name: Woods, S. W.
name: Addington, J.
name: Seidman, L.
name: Cadenhead, K. S.
name: Cornblatt, B. A.
name: Perkins, D. O.
name: Cannon, T. D.
name: Lencz, T.
name: McGlashan, T. H.
name: Walker, E. F.
name: Heinssen, R.
name: Carrion, R. E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Objectives: Risk for psychosis is currently defined primarily on the basis of attenuated positive symptoms (APS), with no inclusion of the functional deficits characteristic of schizophrenia. Impaired social and role functioning have been of interest for reflecting poor outcome but far less is known about the developmental impact of these deficits as vulnerability or risk factors. Methods: Age-appropriate social and role functioning were prospectively assessed in 100 individuals at clinical high risk (CHR) for psychosis included in the 8-site North American Prodromal Longitudinal Study database. A nested case-control design was used to compare changes in social and role functioning in 26 individuals converting to psychosis shortly after baseline assessment and 24 converting over a year later. Individuals in each converter subgroup were directly matched to a non-converter at the same site, controlling for time to conversion, age, gender, and severity of baseline symptoms. Results: At baseline, CHR subjects who later became psychotic were significantly more likely to be impaired socially than matched non-converters. Onset of psychosis did not further disrupt social difficulties. Role functioning showed some of the same trends, but the overall pattern was not as consistent as for the social domain. Controlling for neurocognition did not change the pattern of group differences. Conclusions: Early impaired social functioning appears to be a risk factor for psychosis and, added to APS, could potentially contribute to accurate identification of CHR individuals and provide a new direction for early intervention to reduce long-term disability.
Accurate merging of images for predictive analysis using combined image
Creators: name: Nair, T. R. Gopalakrishnan
name: Sharma, Richa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Several Scientific and engineering applications require merging of sampled images for complex perception development. In most cases, for such requirements, images are merged at intensity level. Even though it gives fairly good perception of combined scenario of objects and scenes, it is found that they are not sufficient enough to analyze certain engineering cases. The main problem is incoherent modulation of intensity arising out of phase properties being lost. In order to compensate these losses, combined phase and amplitude merge is demanded. We present here a method which could be used in precision engineering and biological applications where more precise prediction is required of a combined phenomenon. When pixels are added, its original property is lost but accurate merging of intended pixels can be achieved in high quality using frequency domain properties of an image. This paper introduces a technique to merge various images which can be used as a simple but effective technique for overlapped view of a set of images and producing reduced dataset for review purposes.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures,Signal Processing Image Processing & Pattern Recognition (ICSIPR), 2013 International Conference on, Karunya University, Coimbatore, India, pp.169,173, 7-8 Feb. 2013. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1407.8123
Observing through wavy water surface：reconstruction the distortion-free image from a distorted video sequence
Creators: name: jian, bijian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: Computer vision
Image processing
Knowledge and information management
Computational complexity and computability

description: We propose an efficient image restoration scheme for the distorted by wavy water surface. The scheme can be used for underwater target detection, coastal target monitoring, and marine biological research.
Verbena bonariensis
Creators: name: Falcinelli, Francesco
name: Conti, Fabio
name: Donnini, Domizia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Lamiales
Verbenaceae
Verbena
Verbena bonariensis

description: Verbena bonariensis L.
(Verbenaceae)
Specie esotica casuale nuova per l’Umbria.
 Acquasparta (Terni), Monti Martani, margine della strada che collega Portària a Cima Forca, nei pressi di Cacco (UTM WGS84: 33 T 300.4726), suolo calcareo, 535 m, 3 Iul 2015, F. Falcinelli (APP).
 In Italia nota per Lombardia, Liguria e Toscana (Celesti Grapow et al., 2009a). Per la determinazione del campione raccolto si è fatto riferimento a Galasso (2013b).
description: Published as part of Falcinelli, Francesco, Conti, Fabio & Donnini, Domizia, 2016, Secondo contributo alla flora vascolare dell'Umbria (Italia centrale), pp. 21-26 in Natural History Sciences 3 (1) on pages 23-24, DOI: 10.4081/nhs.2016.273, http://zenodo.org/record/12753769
Study of enhanced oil recovery using polymer-stabilised CO2-Foam
Creators: name: Sherhani, Saham
Publisher: name: London South Bank University
Year: 2022

description: CO2 is one of the most widely used gases in flooding processes due to solubility of CO2 in oil that can efficiently reduce oil viscosity at reservoir pressure. However, low viscosity of CO2 gas, results in early gas breakthrough, poor sweep efficiency, viscous fingering, and channelling that result in low oil recovery. Due to low viscosity, gases tend to have higher mobility than oil and water which leads to gravity override and channelling through oil in the rocks. This decreases the amount of oil being (Xu et. al., 2017). Foam flooding processes have been used successfully for more than 6 decays, but more work has to be done to better understand and optimize the process for successful field implementation. Foam is an EOR technique that significantly can improve the macroscopic sweep efficiency by lowering the gas mobility. Due to limited stability of conventional surfactants for foam generation, foam is not being widely used as a common EOR technique. One proposed approach for foam stabilization is the addition of polymers, so called polymer enhanced foam. Hydrophobically modified polyacrylamide is a type of associative polymers that has been introduced to oil field applications as an alternative to conventional HPAM for the past two decades. The main characteristics of these polymers are their significant enhancement of solution viscosity, salinity tolerance and temperature resistance in comparison with conventional polymers such as HPAM, which would be more important in real applications. The aim of this project was to study the effect of novel phenyl-polyacrylamide (PPAM)- a hydrophobically modified polyacrylamide- as a potential viscosifier in foam flooding process. The two main objectives of this work were to study the change in the rheological behavior of polymeric foam in rocks with differing morphological properties, namely permeability and heterogeneity. Also, to study the effect of hydrophobically modified polymer on oil displacement. Based on the results of sand pack floods, it was concluded that permeability and type of polymer govern the trend of apparent viscosity growth and decay for a given sand permeability. The permeability of the sand had significantly influenced the foam viscosity, it was concluded that the heterogeneity of a sand pack does affect foam dynamics. Oil displacement tests were further conducted through consolidated core samples (Benthemier sandstone). Greater mobility reduction was observed for PPAM foam. This can be due to its larger molecular structure in solution which increases polymer viscosity. The core flooding results indicated that PPAM-foam resulted in higher oil recovery compared to HPAM-foam and surfactant foam, at the same condition. Viscosity reduction of PPAM foam in core flood test for sandstone was lower than HPAM foam at the same conditions. Therefore, it can be considered as a good candidate for EOR at reservoir condition.