cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Incremental Attribute Evaluation for Multi-User Semantics-Based Editors
Creators: name: Micallef, Josephine
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1991
Subjects: Computer science

description: This thesis addresses two fundamental problems associated with performing incremental attribute evaluation in multi-user editors based on the attribute grammar formalism: (1) multiple asynchronous modifications of the attributed derivation tree, and (2) segmentation of the tree into separate modular units. Solutions to these problems make it possible to construct semantics-based editors for use by teams of programmers developing or maintaining large software systems. Multi-user semantics based editors improve software productivity by reducing communication costs and snafus. The objectives of an incremental attribute evaluation algorithm for multiple asynchronous changes are that (a) all attributes of the derivation tree have correct values when evaluation terminates, and (b) the cost of evaluating attributes necessary to reestablish a correctly attributed derivation tree is minimized. We present a family of algorithms that differ in how they balance the tradeoff between algorithm efficiency and expressiveness of the attribute grammar. This is important because multi-user editors seem a practical basis for many areas of computer-supported cooperative work, not just programming. Different application areas may have distinct definitions of efficiency, and may impose different requirements on the expressiveness of the attribute grammar. The characteristics of the application domain can then be used to select the most efficient strategy for each particular editor. To address the second problem, we define an extension of classical attribute grammars that allows the specification of interface consistency checking for programs composed of many modules. Classical attribute grammars can specify the static semantics of monolithic programs or modules, but not inter-module semantics; the latter was done in the past using ad hoc techniques. Extended attribute grammars support programming-in-the-large constructs found in real programming languages, including textual inclusion, multiple kinds of modular units and nested modular units. We discuss attribute evaluation in the context of programming-in-the-large, particularly the separation of concerns between the local evaluator for each modular unit and the global evaluator that propagates attribute flows across module boundaries. The result is a uniform approach to formal specification of both intra-module and inter-module static semantic properties, with the ability to use attribute evaluation algorithms to carry out a complete static semantic analysis of a multi-module program.
Dynamical $F(R)$ gravities
Creators: name: Dzhunushaliev, Vladimir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is offered that $F(R)-$modified gravities can be considered as nonperturbative quantum effects arising from Einstein gravity. It is assumed that nonperturbative quantum effects gives rise to the fact that the connection becomes incompatible with the metric, the metric factors and the square of the connection in Einstein - Hilbert Lagrangian have nonperturbative additions. In the simplest approximation both additions can be considered as functions of one scalar field. The scalar field can be excluded from the Lagrangian obtaining $F(R)-$gravity. The essence of quantum correction to the affine connection as a torsion is discussed.
description: discussion on quantum corrections is added
Multiple robust controllers design for linear uncertain systems
Creators: name: Azadi Yazdi, Ehsan
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: This thesis presents two design methods for multiple robust controllers (MRC) and a design method for switched robust controllers that can be used for linear systems with parametric uncertainty. These methods are helpful in enhancing the performance of feedback control systems beyond the performance limitations associated with conventional design methods for uncertain linear systems. MRC have been introduced to overcome the performance limitations imposed by the requirements for robustness. The design of MRC involves dividing the uncertainty set of a linear system into a number of subsets, as well as synthesizing of a robust controller for each subset. We propose two methods for the design of the uncertainty set divisions and controllers. The first method determines each controller and each subset in subsequent steps, and can deal with only time-invariant parametric uncertainties. In the second method, we find both each controller and each subset simultaneously. This method can handle both time-invariant and time-varying uncertainties. Switched robust controllers, on the other hand, have the potential to advance the existing performance limitations of a single linear time-invariant robust controller by switching among a set of linear time-invariant controllers. We introduce a new concept, robust finite-time tracking, that is a property of closed-loop uncertain systems. Robust finite-time tracking focuses on the transient response, as opposed to the steady-state response (as in Lyapunov-based techniques). We formulate an optimization problem for the design of switched robust finite-time tracking controllers. The controller design methods that discussed above include nonsmooth non-convex optimization problems. In order to find a local optimum to the problems, nonsmooth optimization techniques are utilized. We compare the performance of developed methods to existing methods in the literature through several numerical examples, such as inverted pendulum and mass-spring-damper systems. Moreover, to demonstrate the advantages of our method for MRC over traditional robust controllers in a practical example, we design multiple robust track-following controllers for hard disk drive servo-systems.
The construction of the child in Korean children's magazines, 1908-1950
Creators: name: Zur, Dafna
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: “The Construction of the Child in Korean Children’s Magazines, 1908-1950” examines the child as a site of ideological inscription through the texts and illustrations of children’s magazines from 1908-1950. The analysis, which spans Korea’s colonial and immediate post-liberation/pre-war period, opens with the publication of the first magazine for young readers in 1908, Sonyŏn (1908-1911), continues with an analysis of the colonial period magazines Ŏrini (1923-1934), Pyŏllara (1930-34), Sinsonyŏn (1929-34), and Sonyŏn (1937-40), and closes with the interruption of the publication of Ŏrininara (1949-50) and Sohaksaeng (1945-50) in 1950 upon the outbreak of the Korean War. This study focuses on magazines, and more specifically children’s magazines, because this medium was a major purveyor of Korea’s burgeoning consumer culture and well reflects the growth in literacy and the development of print and visual culture in modern Korea. Magazines also reflect colonial Korea’s changing engagement with social discourses such as Social Darwinism, colonialism, modernity and nationalism. The turn of the twentieth century brought with it an intense intellectual drive towards enlightenment in Korea, and the most significant target of enlightenment was the Korean child. It was the momentum toward reform and the gaze toward the future that brought the child so acutely to the forefront of social discourse and made the Korean child into a pliable image both textually and visually. By examining a representative range of magazines along the political spectrum, I demonstrate how the child—as a crucial site of ideological inscription—was constructed and manipulated in children’s magazines through negotiations with the discourses of colonial Korea. At the same time, I point to the existence of voices that wove a more complex tapestry and which, by problematizing the more prevalent constructions of the (enlightened/pure and innocent/rebel, politically conscious/wild, natural) child, challenged the hegemonic discourses and provided their young readers with images that reflected, in part, the experience of being a young person during the tumultuous period of colonial and postcolonial Korea.
Additional file 2 of Stakeholder-engaged research: strategies for the prevention and control of overweight and obesity in Kenya
Creators: name: Wanjau, Mary Njeri
name: Kivuti-Bitok, Lucy W.
name: Aminde, Leopold N.
name: Veerman, J. Lennert
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2: Supplementary file 2. Day’s Program. This is a copy of the program followed for the one day stakeholder workshop held. This paper reports the results from the Workshop activity II that was held in the afternoon session within the one day stakeholders workshop.
Early Language Abilities and the Underlying Neural Functional Reading Network in Preschoolers
Creators: name: Benischek, Alina Marie
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Education--Early Childhood
subject: Education--Reading
subject: Education--Sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Psychology--Clinical
subject: Psychology--Cognitive
subject: Psychology--Developmental

description: Early childhood is a critical time for language development. Language impairments that go untreated in the early years can result in decreased academic achievement and future mental health concerns. Despite the importance of early language development, very little research has focused on the functional brain systems supporting language in typically developing young children. We investigated relationships between age, language abilities, and the brain’s functional connectivity (FC) patterns seeded from brain areas associated with reading. The study included 50 healthy children aged 2.9-5.6 years (3.8 ± 0.6 years, 21f/29m) who completed a language assessment (NEPSY-II Phonological Processing and Speeded Naming) and underwent functional MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) scanning while watching a movie. Phonological Processing scores positively correlated with FC between the left angular gyrus and contralateral sensorimotor cortices, as well as between the right angular gyrus and the left supramarginal gyrus. Speeded Naming scores positively correlated with FC between the left inferior frontal gyrus, pars triangularis and the left fusiform gyrus, extending to the posterior region of the middle/inferior temporal gyrus and negatively correlated with the precuneus of the default mode network. Despite these variations in the FC patterns associated with speeded naming and phonological processing, both language measures positively correlated with FC between the ROI and the angular gyrus, supramarginal gyrus, and precentral gyrus. Age positively correlated with FC between regions within the ventral language pathway, including the inferior frontal gyrus and middle/inferior temporal gyrus and negatively correlated with FC between ipsilateral language regions and contralateral visual areas within the occipital cortex. The results demonstrate that better language abilities in young children are associated with stronger functional connections between brain regions within the language network identified in older children and adults who can perform more complex language processes.
Characterization of the hydrophbic domain of PilS,: A pseudomonas aeruginosa pilin gene trascriptional regulator
Creators: name: Ethier, Julie
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Pseudomonas aeruginosa
subject: Genetic transcription - Regulation
subject: Bacterial genetics

description: Bibliography: p. 175-197
Two-Nucleon Scattering without partial waves using a momentum space Argonne V18 interaction
Creators: name: Veerasamy, S.
name: Elster, Ch.
name: Polyzou, W. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We test the operator form of the Fourier transform of the Argonne V18 potential by computing selected scattering observables and all Wolfenstein parameters for a variety of energies. These are compared to the GW-DAC database and to partial wave calculations. We represent the interaction and transition operators as expansions in a spin-momentum basis. In this representation the Lippmann-Schwinger equation becomes a six channel integral equation in two variables. Our calculations use different numbers of spin-momentum basis elements to represent the on- and off-shell transition operators. This is because different numbers of independent spin-momentum basis elements are required to expand the on- and off-shell transition operators. The choice of on and off-shell spin-momentum basis elements is made so that the coefficients of the on-shell spin-momentum basis vectors are simply related to the corresponding off-shell coefficients.
description: 14 pages, 8 Figures, typos corrected
Additional file 1 of Trendelenburg maneuver predicts fluid responsiveness in patients on veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
Creators: name: Luo, Jing-chao
name: Su, Ying
name: Dong, Li-li
name: Hou, Jun-yi
name: Li, Xin
name: Zhang, Ying
name: Ma, Guo-guang
name: Zheng, Ji-li
name: Hao, Guang-wei
name: Wang, Huan
name: Zhang, Yi-jie
name: Luo, Zhe
name: Tu, Guo-wei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Study flowchart. Figure S2. Receiver operating characteristics curves and grey zone analyses. Figure S3. The precision–recall curves for changes in VTI, PP, SBP and DBP induced by Trendelenburg maneuver.
Additional file 2 of Challenges in current nursing home care in rural Germany and how they can be reduced by telehealth - an exploratory qualitative pre-post study
Creators: name: May, Susann
name: Jonas, Kai
name: Fehler, Georgia V.
name: Zahn, Thomas
name: Heinze, Martin
name: Muehlensiepen, Felix
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2. Post-Implementation Interview Guide.
State-dependent neuromodulation of mammalian spinal networks
Creators: name: Sharples, Simon Arthur
Publisher: name: Cumming School of Medicine
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: movement
subject: spinal cord
subject: locomotion
subject: neuromodulation
subject: Dopamine
subject: state-dependency
subject: Animal Physiology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pathology
subject: Pharmacology

description: It has been known for centuries that the brain is not necessary for the generation of movements that allow for animals to walk. For many farmers, the sight of a chicken running around the farm yard following decapitation was fairly common. At the turn of the 20th century Charles Sherrington and Thomas Graham Brown proposed that circuits located within the spinal cord are responsible for the generation of rhythmic movements of the limbs for walking. With over a century of scientific investigation of rhythmically active circuits of vertebrates and invertebrate species, we have learned that rhythmic movements for locomotion, breathing and chewing are controlled by neuronal circuits called central pattern generators. Large emphasis has been directed toward dissecting the central pattern generator circuits for walking. Locomotor movements are remarkably adaptable and respond to not only external demands imposed by the environment but also internal needs of the animal. Thus, the underlying circuits that generate these diverse movements also need to be flexible to readily adjust in response to imposed demands. Nevertheless, the mutability of these rhythm generating circuits is not well understood. Neuromodulation endows spinal circuits with flexible properties that allow motor outputs to be adaptable to modify ongoing movement. I initially started to study how one neuromodulator, dopamine, controls rhythmic network activities of the spinal cord for walking in in the neonatal mouse in vitro (Sharples et al., 2015). My preliminary studies demonstrated that modulation of rhythmic circuits might have state-dependent effects on locomotor rhythms which is consistent with work conducted in invertebrates (Marder et a., 2014). In this thesis, I explored the diverse actions of modulators on spinal networks across varying states of excitability. This is important because changes in behavioural state or pathology result in alterations in network excitability. In general, I demonstrated that neural networks of the spinal cord are degenerate in their ability to generate locomotor rhythms and that neuromodulators can tune this ability through both degenerate and redundant mechanisms.
The Multicast Policy and Its Relationship to Replicated Data Placement
Creators: name: Milo, Amir
name: Wolfson, Ouri
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1989
Subjects: Computer science

description: In this paper we consider the communication complexity of maintaining the replicas of a logical data-item, in a database distributed over a computer network. We propose a new method, called the minimum spanning tree write, by which a processor in the network should multicast a write of a logical data-item, to all the processors that store replicas of the item. Then we show that the minimum spanning tree write is optimal from the communication cost point of view. We also demonstrate that the method by which a write is multicast to all the replicas of a data-item, affects the optimal replication scheme of the item, i.e., at which processors in the network the replicas should be located. Therefore, next we consider the problem of determining an optimal replication scheme for a data item, assuming that each processor employs the minimum spanning tree write at run-time. The problem for general networks is shown NP-Complete, but we provide efficient algorithms to obtain an optimal allocation scheme for three common types of network topologies. They are completely-connected, tree, and ring networks. For these topologies, efficient algorithms are also provided for the case in which reliability considerations dictate a minimum number of replicas.
Additional file 1 of Prevalence and mechanisms of antibiotic resistance in Escherichia coli isolated from mastitic dairy cattle in Canada
Creators: name: Majumder, Satwik
name: Jung, Dongyun
name: Ronholm, Jennifer
name: George, Saji
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1.
Additional file 3 of Challenges in current nursing home care in rural Germany and how they can be reduced by telehealth - an exploratory qualitative pre-post study
Creators: name: May, Susann
name: Jonas, Kai
name: Fehler, Georgia V.
name: Zahn, Thomas
name: Heinze, Martin
name: Muehlensiepen, Felix
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 3. Supplementary Material: Depiction of infrastructural requirements for the implementation of video consultation identified in the workshops.
The Appearance of Human Skin
Creators: name: Igarashi, Takanori
name: Nishino, Ko
name: Nayar, Shree K.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2005
Subjects: Computer science

description: Skin is the outer most tissue of the human body. As a result, people are very aware of, and very sensitive to, the appearance of their skin. Consequently, skin appearance has been a subject of great interest in various fields of science and technology. Research on skin appearance has been intensely pursued in the fields of medicine, cosmetology, computer graphics and computer vision. Since the goals of these fields are very different, each field has tended to focus on specific aspects of the appearance of skin. The goal of this work is to present a comprehensive survey that includes the most prominent results related to skin in these different fields and show how these seemingly disconnected studies are related to one another.
Foundations of a framework for peer-reviewing the research flow
Creators: name: Bardi, Alessia
name: Casarosa, Vittore
name: Manghi, Paolo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Open Peer Review
Digital research
Open Science

description: Presentation given at the IRCDL2019 conference in Pisa (31 Jan , 1 Feb 2019) - see: https://ircdl2019.isti.cnr.it. The work investigates on the role of peer review in the era of digital research and Open Science and presents the foundations of a framework for the representation of "peer-reviewable" research flows.
An Eight-Processor Chip for a Massively Parallel Machine
Creators: name: Shaw, David Elliot
name: Sabety, Theodore M.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1984
Subjects: Computer science

description: This paper describes a VLSI chip that serves as the basis for a massively parallel tree machine called: NON-VON 3. The chip, which is implemented in 3-micron nMOS technology, contains eight 8-bit processing elements (PE's), each embodying 64 bytes of static RAM. Significant features of the design Include: an unusually high processor density, a novel I/O switch that allows the machine to dynamically reconfigure to realize several logical communication topologies; logic supporting the pipelining of instructions, both within and among the individual PE's; a shared partial Instruction decoder that reduces pinout and area, and a parallel self-testing, dynamically reconfigurable, fault-tolerant RAM that significantly increases both yield and reliability. The design and operation of the chip are discussed, along with its speed, area, and power dissipation characteristics.
Sparse Dynamic Programming II: Convex and Concave Cost Functions
Creators: name: Eppstein, David
name: Galil, Zvi
name: Giancarlo, Raffaele
name: Italiano, Giuseppe F.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1989
Subjects: Computer science

description: We consider dynamic programming solutions to a number of different recurrences for sequence comparison and for RNA secondary structure prediction. These recurrences are defined over a number of points that is quadratic in the input size; however only a sparse set matters for the result. We give efficient algorithms for these problems, when the weight functions used in the recurrences are taken to be linear. Our algorithms reduce the best known bounds by a factor almost linear in the density of the problems: when the problems are sparse this results in a substantial speed-up.
Rapid location of mount points
Creators: name: Smith, Jonathan M.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1988
Subjects: Computer science

description: "Mount points" allow more storage to be grafted into tree-structured hierarchical file systems. Administrative tasks use their locations, which are tabulated in a file. In our System V UNIX environment, this file was occasionally removed. Getmnt was written to recover the information. Getmnt has had three significant versions. The original version (getmntl) was a highly optimized naive tree traversal. Getmnt2 improved the real time performance by a mean factor of 7 by pruning unnecessary branches from the transversal. Getmnt3 doubled getmnt2' s speed, with a change from depth-first to breadth-first search. On our development system, getmnt1 required 647.6 seconds to run, while getmnt3 required 42.53 seconds.
A Tutorial Introduction to llc
Creators: name: Mills, Russell C.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1989
Subjects: Computer science

description: Lie is an extension of C for hierarchically parallel processing on distributed-memory parallel processors. The language has been implemented for the Dado2 machine, a 1023-processor binary tree machine at Columbia University. This tutorial guides the novice through a series of working lie programs. It assumes no prior knowledge of the language, but makes no attempt to be complete.
Solanum havanense Jacq.
Creators: name: Madrid, Anales del Jardín Botánico de
name: 2009
name: Knapp, Sandra
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Solanales
Solanaceae
Solanum
Solanum havanense

description: Solanum havanense Jacq., Enum. Syst. Pl. 15. 1760 Type: Jamaica. Tab. 35, Jacq., 1763 (neotype, tab. 35 in Jacquin, Select. Stirp. Amer. Hist. 1763, designated by Knapp, 2008b: 414).
description: Published as part of Madrid, Anales del Jardín Botánico de, 2009 & Knapp, Sandra, 2009, Synopsis and lectotypification of Solanum (Solanaceae) species endemic in the West Indies, pp. 65-84 in Anales del Jardín Botánico de Madrid 66 (1) on page 74, DOI: 10.3989/ajbm.2209, http://zenodo.org/record/6326308
description: {"references": ["Knapp, S. 2008 b. A revision of the Solanum havanense species group (section Geminata (G. Don) Walp. pro parte) and new taxonomic additions to the Geminata clade (Solanum: Solanaceae). Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 95 (3): 405 - 458."]}
Financial Control through Japan's Main Bank System and the Japanese Accounting System: The Past and the Future
Creators: name: Okada, Ellie
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1997
Subjects: Finance
Banks and banking

description: This paper aims to 1) compare financial controls through the main bank system to those of capital markets, 2) analyze the relationship between financial controls through the main bank system and the traditional Japanese accounting practices, and 3) analyze appropriate changes for financial controls and related accounting practices. This paper defines a main bank as an investor, which controls the management of a company by possessing the residual right of control. This paper shows that a main bank attaches the most importance to refundable earnings, as a creditor, and firm value, as a stockholder. This paper argues that it is important to strengthen the power of stockholders in the financial control system in present day Japan where financial controls through the main bank system no longer functions effectively. For this purpose, the most desired reform in the accounting system is the disclosure of future cash flows and the attribution of accurate stockholder equity amounts. It is also desired that Japanese management should make more of an effort to show an accurate and fair reflection of performance and financial position to stockholders in the market. This change may lead to increased efficiency of management, and at the same time, restore the good name of Japanese enterprises that fell in international public’s estimation because of corruption and window-dressing.
Equivariant coherent sheaves on the exotic nilpotent cone
Creators: name: Nandakumar, Vinoth
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $G=Sp_{2n}(\mathbb{C})$, and $\mathfrak{N}$ be Kato's exotic nilpotent cone. Following techniques used by Bezrukavnikov in [5] to establish a bijection between $Λ^+$, the dominant weights for a simple algebraic group $H$, and $\textbf{O}$, the set of pairs consisting of a nilpotent orbit and a finite-dimensional irreducible representation of the isotropy group of the orbit, we prove an analogous statement for the exotic nilpotent cone. First we prove that dominant line bundles on the exotic Springer resolution $\widetilde{\mathfrak{N}}$ have vanishing higher cohomology, and compute their global sections using techniques of Broer. This allows to show that the direct images of these dominant line bundles constitute a quasi-exceptional set generating the category $D^b(Coh^G(\mathfrak{N}))$, and deduce that the resulting $t$-structure on $D^b(Coh^G(\mathfrak{N}))$ coincides with the perverse coherent $t$-structure. The desired result now follows from the bijection between costandard objects and simple objects in the heart of this $t$-structure on $D^b(Coh^G(\mathfrak{N}))$.
Review of "The Japanese Experience of Economic Reforms," ed. Juro Teranishi and Yutaka Kosai
Creators: name: Patrick, Hugh T.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1993
Subjects: Economics

description: This volume reflects and represents a new generation of research by Japanese economists on Japan's early postwar transformation from chaos to stability, from a government-controlled economy to an increasingly market based economy, and from devastation to reconstruction and economic growth. At the same time it responds to the growing recognition that Japan's early post World War II experiences with economic stabilization, reconstruction and reform can provide significant "lessons," particularly for the currently transforming socialist economies but for many developing market economies as well.
Solanum coriaceum Hook.
Creators: name: Madrid, Anales del Jardín Botánico de
name: 2009
name: Knapp, Sandra
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Solanales
Solanaceae
Solanum
Solanum coriaceum

description: Solanum coriaceum Hook., Bot. Mag. 54: tab. 2708. 1827 Type: Cultivated in England, the seeds said to be sent by R. Barclay from Mexico (lectotype, Hooker, Bot. Mag. 54: t. 2708. 1827, designated by Knapp, 2008b: 414).
description: Published as part of Madrid, Anales del Jardín Botánico de, 2009 & Knapp, Sandra, 2009, Synopsis and lectotypification of Solanum (Solanaceae) species endemic in the West Indies, pp. 65-84 in Anales del Jardín Botánico de Madrid 66 (1) on page 74, DOI: 10.3989/ajbm.2209, http://zenodo.org/record/6326308
description: {"references": ["Knapp, S. 2008 b. A revision of the Solanum havanense species group (section Geminata (G. Don) Walp. pro parte) and new taxonomic additions to the Geminata clade (Solanum: Solanaceae). Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 95 (3): 405 - 458."]}
Dynamical crossover between the infinite-volume and empty-lattice limits of ultra-cold fermions in 1D optical lattices
Creators: name: Chien, Chih-Chun
name: Di Ventra, Massimiliano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Unlike typical condensed-matter systems, ultra-cold atoms loaded into optical lattices allow separate control of both the particle number and system size. As a consequence, there are two distinct "thermodynamic" limits that can be defined for these systems: i) "infinite-volume limit" at constant finite density, and ii) "empty-lattice limit" at constant particle number. To probe the difference between these two limits and their crossover, we consider a partially occupied lattice and study the transport of non-interacting fermions and fermions interacting at the mean-field level into the unoccupied region. In the infinite-volume limit, a finite steady-state current emerges. On the other hand, in the empty-lattice limit there is no finite steady-state current. By changing the initial filling, we find a smooth crossover between the two limits. Our predictions may be verified using available experimental tools and demonstrate a fundamental difference between isolated small systems such as ultra-cold atoms and conventional condensed-matter systems.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
Finding New Rules for Incomplete Theories: Induction with Explicit Biases in Varying Contexts
Creators: name: Danyluk, Andrea Pohoreckyj
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1989
Subjects: Computer science

description: Many AI problem solvers possess explicitly encoded knowledge - a domain theory ““ that they use to solve problems. If these problem solvers are to be autonomous, they must be able to detect and to fill gaps in their own knowledge. The field of machine learning addresses this issue. Recently two disparate machine learning approaches have emerged as predominant in the field: explanation-based learning (EBL) and similarity-based learning (SBL), EBL and SBL have been applied to problems in a variety of domains. Both methods have clear problems, however, EBL assumes that a system is given an explicit theory of the domain that is complete, correct, and tractable. These assumptions are clearly unrealistic for most complex, real-world problems. SBL suffers because of its lack of an explicit theory of the domain. The simplicity of the method requires that human intervention playa large role in tailoring input examples and the features describing them in such a way as to allow a system to choose an appropriate set of features to define a concept. Biasing a system in this way may result in its being unable to discover all concepts in even a Single domain. Less tailoring of the examples leaves a system open to the possibility of not converging on the best definition for a concept, or any at all, due to the computational complexity. The research described in this proposal addresses a number of the problems found in explanation-based and similarity-based learning. The major focus of the research is the elimination of the assumption that the domain theory of an EBL system is complete. In particular, it considers the problem of working with an incomplete theory by suggesting a method by which gaps in an EBL system's knowledge can be detected and filled. We suggest that when EBL cannot derive a complete explanation, the partial explanation focus a context in which learning takes place. Information extracted from partial explanations, as well as from complete explanations, can be exploited by SBL to do better induction of the missing domain knowledge. The extracted information constitutes an explicit bias for similarity-based learning. A second problem to be addressed is that of making the biases of SBL explicit. Finally, all testing of the claims made in this proposal is to be done in the Gemini learning system. The development of the system addresses the goal of constructing an integrated learning architecture utilizing both EBL and SBL.
Debye-Hückel theory for spin ice at low temperature
Creators: name: Castelnovo, Claudio
name: Moessner, Roderich
name: Sondhi, Shivaji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: At low temperatures, spin ice is populated by a finite density of magnetic monopoles-pointlike topological defects with a mutual magnetic Coulomb interaction. We discuss the properties of the resulting magnetic Coulomb liquid in the framework of Debye Hückel theory, for which we provide a detailed context-specific account. We discuss both thermodynamical and dynamical signatures, and compare Debye Hückel theory to experiment as well as numerics, including data for specific heat and AC susceptibility. We also evaluate the entropic Coulomb interaction which is present in addition to the magnetic one and show that it is quantitatively unimportant in the current compounds. Finally, we address the role of bound monopole anti-monopole pairs and derive an expression for the monopole mobility.
description: (13 pages, 11 figures; added discussion of bound pairs)
Interworking Between SIP/SDP and H.323
Creators: name: Singh, Kundan
name: Schulzrinne, Henning G.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2000
Subjects: Computer science

description: There are currently two standards for signaling and control of Internet telephone calls, namely ITU-T Recommendation H.323 and the IETF Session Initiation Protocol (SIP). We describe how an interworking function (IWF) can allow SIP user agents to call H.323 terminals and vice versa. Our solution addresses user registration, call sequence mapping and session description. We also describe and compare various approaches for multi-party conferencing and call transfer.
Additional file 1 of Long-distance spread of Tembusu virus, and its dispersal in local mosquitoes and domestic poultry in Chongming Island, China
Creators: name: Fang, Yuan
name: Hang, Tian
name: Yang, Li-Min
name: Xue, Jing-Bo
name: Fujita, Ryosuke
name: Feng, Xue-Song
name: Jiang, Tian-Ge
name: Zhang, Yi
name: Li, Shi-Zhu
name: Zhou, Xiao-Nong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Polymorphic residues in the E protein among Chongming Tembusu virus strains, FX2010 strain, and the live attenuated vaccine strain FX2010-180P derived from FX2010. Table S2. Seroprevalence of Tembusu virus antibodies in different poultries and directions in Chongming Island in 2021.
Additional file 1 of Population genetics and phylogeography of Tabanus bromius (Diptera: Tabanidae)
Creators: name: Sanal Demirci, Sumeyra Nur
name: Kilic, Volkan
name: Mutun, Serap
name: Kilic, A. Yavuz
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. PCR cycles for the ITS (ITS1-5.8S rRNA-ITS2) region.
A minimal model for the inelastic mechanics of biopolymer networks and cells
Creators: name: Wolff, Lars
name: Kroy, Klaus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Live cells have ambiguous mechanical properties. They were often described as either elastic solids or viscoelastic fluids and have recently been classified as soft glassy materials characterized by weak power-law rheology. Nonlinear rheological measurements have moreover revealed a pronounced inelastic response indicative of a competition between stiffening and softening. It is an intriguing question whether these observations can be explained from the material properties of much simpler in-vitro reconstituted networks of biopolymers that serve as reduced model systems for the cytoskeleton. Here, we explore the mechanism behind the inelastic response of cells and biopolymer networks, theoretically. Our analysis is based on the model of the inelastic glassy wormlike chain that accounts for the nonlinear polymer dynamics and transient crosslinking in biopolymer networks. It explains how inelastic and kinematic-hardening type behavior naturally emerges from the antagonistic mechanisms of viscoelastic stress-stiffening due to the polymers and inelastic fluidization due to bond breaking. It also suggests a simple set of schematic constitutive equations which faithfully reproduce the rich inelastic phenomenology of biopolymer networks and cells.
A Triple-Bottom Line Decision-Analysis Framework Using Life Cycle Sustainability Assessment: The Case of Large Greenhouse Gas Emitters in Alberta, Canada
Creators: name: Hannouf, Marwa Bassam
Publisher: name: Environmental Design
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Life cycle sustainability assessment
subject: Decision-analysis
subject: Large greenhouse gas emitters
subject: Environmental economic and social dimensions
subject: Social life cycle assessment
subject: Life cycle assessment
subject: Life cycle costing
subject: Subcategory assessment method
subject: Integrated analysis
subject: Education--Business
subject: Education--Social Sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences
subject: Engineering--Environmental
subject: Psychology--Social

description: In light of the increased environmental awareness and stringent environmental regulations, there is need to guide businesses to stay competitive while meeting environmental compliance. Sustainability strategies will reduce the environmental burden of companies while increasing their economic and social benefits. However, integrating the three dimensions of sustainability in companies’ decision-making (DM) to develop sustainability strategies is associated with complexity. This thesis takes the context of large greenhouse gas (GHG) emitters given the urgency of the climate change problem and the awareness of reducing GHG emissions to fulfill expectations from global climate change agreements such as the Paris Agreement. Using case studies among large GHG emitters in Alberta, Canada, the objective of this research was to examine the potential utility of the life cycle sustainability assessment (LCSA) approach to guide companies’ DM in developing sustainability strategies that can reduce their environmental impacts while achieving the remaining of sustainability goals. As LCSA approach is still an emerging field, the first part of this thesis has focused on the method of LCSA following UNEP/SETAC guidelines by addressing some of its challenges. The research has applied two LCSA case studies among large GHG emitters in Alberta, where a new subcategory assessment method for social life cycle assessment approach is developed and starting holistic analysis of LCSA results is presented. The second part has focused on the application of LCSA to support sustainability-oriented DM, where an LCSA-based decision-analysis framework is developed to guide decision-makers in systematic and structured way to analyze the interrelationships between LCSA results and propose potential sustainability solutions. The thesis contributes to the advancement of scientific knowledge in the development of LCSA approach by addressing some of its challenges. The evaluation conducted in this research for LCSA-based decision-analysis framework has indicated that LCSA with its systematic and life cycle perspective has the potential to provide improved information on the sustainability problems in product systems, which is going to increase the potential to develop sustainability solutions. The framework presents different advantages, but is as well associated with challenges especially regarding its application in real world.
Additional file 2 of Population genetics and phylogeography of Tabanus bromius (Diptera: Tabanidae)
Creators: name: Sanal Demirci, Sumeyra Nur
name: Kilic, Volkan
name: Mutun, Serap
name: Kilic, A. Yavuz
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2: Table S2. COI haplotypes and their frequencies in populations.
Cyanobacteria pyrolysis with methanol catalyzed by Mg-Al hydrotalcite-derived oxides/ZSM-5
Creators: name: Bai, Qianqian
name: Gao, Lijing
name: Sun, Jiahui
name: Xu, Wei
name: Wei, Ruiping
name: Xiao, Guomin
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: The Cyanobacteria was catalytically pyrolyzed in methanol atmosphere using magnesium-aluminum layered double oxide/ZSM-5 composites (MgAl-LDO/ZSM-5) as a catalyst. The largest liquid yield of 67.68% was obtained in methanol atmosphere, which was much higher than that obtained without methanol under same reaction condition. The Gas chromatography-Mass spectrometer data proved that the organics phase contained less O-compounds and N-compounds and more aromatic compounds. And the ultimate analysis results showed that this bio-oil had much higher HHV values and lower O/C molar ratio. The co-processing methanol atmosphere and bifunctional catalyst would be a promising means for improving the quality of bio-oil.
Interfacing Oz with the PCTE OMS
Creators: name: Lee, Wenke
name: Kaiser, Gail E.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1995
Subjects: Computer science

description: This paper details our experiment interfacing Oz with the Object Management System (OMS) of PCTE. Oz is a process-centered multi-user software development environment. PCTE is a specification which defines a language independent interface providing support mechanisms for software engineering environments (SEE) populated with CASE tools. Oz is, in theory, a SEE that can be built (or extended) using the services provided by PCTE. Oz historically has had a native OMS component whereas the PCTE OMS is an open data repository with an API for external software tools. Our experiment focused on changing Oz to use the PCTE OMS. This paper describes how several Oz components were changed in order to make the Oz server interface with the PCTE OMS. The resulting system of our experiment is an environment that has process control and integration services provided by Oz, data integration services provided by PCTE, and tool integration services provided by both. We discusses in depth the concurrency control problems that arise in such an environment and their solutions. The PCTE implementation used in our experiment is the Emeraude PCTE V 12.5.1 supplied by Transtar Software Incorporation.
Solanum hookerianum A. Spreng.
Creators: name: Madrid, Anales del Jardín Botánico de
name: 2009
name: Knapp, Sandra
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Solanales
Solanaceae
Solanum
Solanum hookerianum

description: Solanum hookerianum A. Spreng., Tent. Suppl. Syst. 9. 1828 Type: Based on Solanum coriaceum Hook.
description: Published as part of Madrid, Anales del Jardín Botánico de, 2009 & Knapp, Sandra, 2009, Synopsis and lectotypification of Solanum (Solanaceae) species endemic in the West Indies, pp. 65-84 in Anales del Jardín Botánico de Madrid 66 (1) on page 74, DOI: 10.3989/ajbm.2209, http://zenodo.org/record/6326308
Forecasting Energy Demand in Large Commercial Buildings Using Support Vector Machine Regression
Creators: name: Solomon, David M.
name: Winter, Rebecca Lynn
name: Boulanger, Albert G.
name: Anderson, Roger N.
name: Wu, Leon Li
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Environmental sciences
subject: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: As our society gains a better understanding of how humans have negatively impacted the environment, research related to reducing carbon emissions and overall energy consumption has become increasingly important. One of the simplest ways to reduce energy usage is by making current buildings less wasteful. By improving energy efficiency, this method of lowering our carbon footprint is particularly worthwhile because it reduces energy costs of operating the building, unlike many environmental initiatives that require large monetary investments. In order to improve the efficiency of the heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) system of a Manhattan skyscraper, 345 Park Avenue, a predictive computer model was designed to forecast the amount of energy the building will consume. This model uses Support Vector Machine Regression (SVMR), a method that builds a regression based purely on historical data of the building, requiring no knowledge of its size, heating and cooling methods, or any other physical properties. SVMR employs time-delay coordinates as a representation of the past to create the feature vectors for SVM training. This pure dependence on historical data makes the model very easily applicable to different types of buildings with few model adjustments. The SVM regression model was built to predict a week of future energy usage based on past energy, temperature, and dew point temperature data.