cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Dead-Alive Physicist experiment: a case-study disproving the hypothesis that consciousness causes the wave-function collapse in the quantum measurement process
Creators: name: Roselli, Carlo
name: Stella, Bruno Raffaele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper aims to falsify the hypothesis that the observer's consciousness is necessary for quantum measurement. To achieve our target, we propose a variation of the Schroedinger's cat thought experiment called "DAP", short for "Dead-Alive Physicist", in which a human being replaces the cat. This strategy enables us to logically disprove the consistency of the above hypothesis and to oblige its supporters either to be trapped in solipsism or to rely on an alternative interpretation of quantum mechanics in which the role of the conscious observer has to be reviewed. Our analysis hence provides support to clarify the relationship between the observer the objects of her/his experimental observation; this and a few other implications are discussed in the fourth section and in the conclusions.
description: 9 pages and 2 figures
A new equation for describing heat conduction by phonons
Creators: name: Naqvi, K. Razi
name: Waldenstroem, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new equation, rooted in the theory of Brownian motion, is proposed for describing heat conduction by phonons. Though a finite speed of propagation is a built-in feature of the equation, it does not give rise to an inauthentic wave front that results from the application of the hyperbolic heat equation (of Cattaneo). Even a simplified, analytically tractable version of the equation yields results close to those found by solving, through more elaborate means, the equation of phonon radiative transfer. An explanation is given as to why both Brownian motion and its inverse (radiative transfer) provide equally serviceable paradigms for phonon-mediated heat conduction.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
DO CHANGES IN CUSTOMER SATISFACTION LEAD TO CHANGES IN PERFORMANCE IN FOOD RETAILING?
Creators: name: Gomez, Miguel I.
name: McLaughlin, Edward W.
name: Wittink, Dick R.
name: Gomez, Miguel I.
name: McLaughlin, Edward W.
name: Wittink, Dick R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Consumer/Household Economics

description: We measure the links between store attribute perceptions and customer satisfaction, and between customer satisfaction and sales performance, in the food retail sector. Our data set consists of six waves of customer satisfaction and sales information for about 250 stores over the period 1998-2001 for a publicly held supermarket company. We construct a statistical model to address nonlinearities and asymmetries in the satisfaction-sales performance links, and we illustrate how food retailers can affect store revenues by managing customer satisfaction. Contributions of our study include the analysis of behavioral consequences of customer satisfaction in the food retail sector, the measurement of complexities of the satisfaction-sales performance links based on an empirical model of first differences, and a discussion of how managers can use such results for customer satisfaction policies.
Probing the sensitivity to leptonic $δ_{CP}$ in presence of invisible decay of $ν_3$ using atmospheric neutrinos
Creators: name: Mohan, Lakshmi. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of the main neutrino oscillation parameters whose value has not been determined very precisely is the leptonic $δ_{CP}$ phase. Since neutrinos have a tiny but finite mass they can undergo decay both visibly and invisibly. The effect of invisible decay of the third mass eigen state $ν_3$ on the sensitivity to $δ_{CP}$ is analysed here using atmospheric neutrino and anti-neutrino events. Effects of detector resolutions and systematic uncertainties are studied to identify the optimum resolutions and efficiencies required by a detector to obtain a significant sensitivity even in presence of decay.
description: updated reference list
FOOD SECURITY IN BRAZIL: CAN "LULA" KEEP HIS PROMISE?
Creators: name: Meade, Birgit Gisela Saager
name: Rosen, Stacey L.
name: Meade, Birgit Gisela Saager
name: Rosen, Stacey L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Food Security and Poverty

description: Brazil, a country with a population of more than 170 million, has embarked on a path to eradicate hunger and poverty. President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva (commonly known as "Lula") declared as his goal to cut the number of hungry people to zero during his presidency. Poverty and hunger afflict a large proportion of the population in part because of highly skewed income distribution. The poorest income quintile (20 percent of the population) owned 2.2 percent of the national income while the richest quintile owned about two-thirds in 1998. Using USDA/ERS food security models, we measure food availability and access, calculate the number of hungry people, and estimate income growth required to eradicate food insecurity. According to the ERS food security assessment (FSA) model, between 20 and 40 percent of Brazil's population-roughly 50 million people-do not have sufficient incomes to purchase the amount of food necessary to fulfill nutritional requirements. However, by 2007, increases in food production and GDP are projected to raise food availability by 13 percent. This will help decrease the share of hungry people to between 15 and 20 percent of the population. Basic nutritional adequacy is considered in another method used by ERS to estimate food security. This approach employs a food purchasing power threshold (FPPT) to account for prices of food items and balanced coverage of main food groups. This approach measures food insecurity by calculating the cost of a healthy food basket and the cost of other basic necessities. This FPPT can then be compared to income. Food security results from this approach are similar to those from the FSA model. Both models indicate that income growth required to raise consumption in the vulnerable income groups and eradicate hunger far surpass historical growth rates. Therefore, targeted government programs seem to be a promising but costly option to meet the zero-hunger goal. Lula's program is a mix of cash transfers and investment (e.g., education). While the link between improvements in education and poverty reduction is clear, the road to success is likely to take more than the 4 years envisioned by President Lula.
OpenStreetMap: Challenges and Opportunities in Machine Learning and Remote Sensing
Creators: name: Vargas, John
name: Srivastava, Shivangi
name: Tuia, Devis
name: Falcao, Alexandre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: OpenStreetMap (OSM) is a community-based, freely available, editable map service that was created as an alternative to authoritative ones. Given that it is edited mainly by volunteers with different mapping skills, the completeness and quality of its annotations are heterogeneous across different geographical locations. Despite that, OSM has been widely used in several applications in {Geosciences}, Earth Observation and environmental sciences. In this work, we present a review of recent methods based on machine learning to improve and use OSM data. Such methods aim either 1) at improving the coverage and quality of OSM layers, typically using GIS and remote sensing technologies, or 2) at using the existing OSM layers to train models based on image data to serve applications like navigation or {land use} classification. We believe that OSM (as well as other sources of open land maps) can change the way we interpret remote sensing data and that the synergy with machine learning can scale participatory map making and its quality to the level needed to serve global and up-to-date land mapping.
The microbial pathology of maternal perinatal sepsis: A single-institution retrospective five-year review
Creators: name: Powell, James
name: Crowley, Clare M.
name: MINIHAN, BRID
name: Imcha, Mendinaro
name: O’Connell, Nuala H.
name: Philips, Roy K.
name: DUNNE, COLUM
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 42
subject: Health sciences
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Introduction Greater than half of in-hospital maternal deaths are caused by sepsis, a condition that occurs when infection exceeds local tissue containment and results in organ dysfunction. Determining the source of infection can be challenging. Microbiological cultures of the uterine cavity are often difficult to obtain, so antimicrobial susceptibility results may not be available to guide treatment. The aim of this retrospective study was to assess the potential clinical value of microbiology samples used in the maternal “septic screen” of patients in an Irish maternity hospital. Methods A review was completed of all maternal “septic screen” (i.e., high vaginal swabs, placenta swabs, blood cultures, throat swabs and urine samples) microbiology results from July 2016 to December 2021. Results In the relevant period, 845 patients were subject to a “septic screen”, of whom 430 also had a placental swab collected. These 430 patients comprise our study population. 2% of blood cultures yielded potential pathogens, compared with 37%, 33%, 9% and 7% respectively for placental swabs, high vaginal swabs, throat swabs and urine specimens. 95% of blood cultures were sterile, compared with 52%, 0%, 0% and 53% respectively for placental swabs, high vaginal swabs, throat swabs and urine specimens. Conclusion Of the five microbiological specimen types examined, placental swabs yielded the highest number of potential pathogens. Our results suggest that placental swabs are useful specimens for detecting potential pathogens from the uterine cavity, the most common source of perinatal infections.
ทัศนะด้านการศึกษาในบทละครร้อยแก้วของหม่อมหลวงปิ่น มาลากุล
Creators: name: รจเรข รุจนเวช
Publisher: name: คณะศิลปศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยธรรมศาสตร์
Year: 2003
Subjects: -

description: วรรณวิทัศน์, 3, พฤศจิกายน, 179-190
Robotic Metamaterials: An Integrated Modular Approach for Users to Create Robotic Applications Hands-on
Creators: name: Yang, Willa Yunqi
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 120199 Architecture not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Civil engineering

description: I propose augmenting initially passive structures with novel active units to enable dynamic, shape-changing, and robotic applications. Inspired by metamaterials that can employ mechanisms, I build a framework that allows users to configure passive, modular structures to perform complex tasks. A key benefit is that these structures can be repeatedly (re)configured and pneumatically actuated by users to turn the passive material into crawling robots, kinetic sculptures, or physical notification interfaces. To this end, I present a mechanical system consisting of a flexible, passive, shearing lattice structure, as well as a rigid, and an active unit cell to be inserted into the lattice for configuration. The active unit is a closed-loop pneumatically controlled shearing cell to dynamically actuate the macroscopic movement of the structure. The passive rigid cells redirect the forces to create complex motion with a reduced number of active cells. Since predicting the placement of the rigid and active units to produce a desired behavior is challenging, I assist users by contributing an inverse design workflow using a software tool, which optimizes the cell placement to match the macroscopic, user-defined target motions and generates the control parameters for pneumatic control of the active cells.
FOOD PRODUCT RECALLS, AGBIOTECH AND CONSUMER RESPONSE: THE CASE OF STARLINK
Creators: name: Vickner, Steven S.
name: Marks, Leonie A.
name: Kalaitzandonakes, Nicholas G.
name: Vickner, Steven S.
name: Marks, Leonie A.
name: Kalaitzandonakes, Nicholas G.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety

description: Using a conditional nonlinear AIDS model and three years of syndicated, national-level weekly point-of-purchase scanner data, we empirically estimate the consumer response to the Starlink recall while controlling for relative prices, per capita real expenditure, holidays, post-recall demand trends and the media. In the salted snacks product category, acute media coverage reduced the expenditure share for the recalled products and those shares nearly recovered 12 months post-recall. Expenditure shares in the chili seasonings product category were unaffected by the recall and media coverage.
On Local Calabi-Yau Supermanifolds and Their Mirrors
Creators: name: Laamara, R. Ahl
name: Belhaj, A.
name: Drissi, L. B.
name: Saidi, E. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use local mirror symmetry to study a class of local Calabi-Yau super-manifolds with bosonic sub-variety V_b having a vanishing first Chern class. Solving the usual super- CY condition, requiring the equality of the total U(1) gauge charges of bosons Φ_{b} and the ghost like fields Ψ_{f} one \sum_{b}q_{b}=\sum_{f}Q_{f}, as \sum_{b}q_{b}=0 and \sum_{f}Q_{f}=0, several examples are studied and explicit results are given for local A_{r} super-geometries. A comment on purely fermionic super-CY manifolds corresponding to the special case where q_{b}=0, \forall b and \sum_{f}Q_{f}=0 is also made.\bigskip
description: 17 pages
Orientation dynamics of weakly Brownian particles in periodic viscous flows
Creators: name: Olla, Piero
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Evolution equations for the orientation distribution of axisymmetric particles in periodic flows are derived in the regime of small but non-zero Brownian rotations. The equations are based on a multiple time scale approach that allows fast computation of the relaxation processes leading to statistical equilibrium. The approach has been applied to the calculation of the effective viscosity of a thin disk suspension in gravity waves.
description: 16 pages, 7 eps figures included
High circular polarization of near infrared light induced by micron-size dust grains
Creators: name: Fukushima, Hajime
name: Yajima, Hidenobu
name: Umemura, Masayuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the induction of circular polarization (CP) of near-infrared light in star-forming regions using three-dimensional radiative transfer calculations. The simulations trace the change of Stokes parameters at each scattering/absorption process in a dusty gas slab composed of aligned grains. We find that the CP degree enlarges significantly according as the size of dust grains increases and exceeds $\sim 20$ percent for micron-size grains. Therefore, if micron-size grains are dominant in a dusty gas slab, the high CP observed around luminous young stellar objects can be accounted for. The distributions of CP show the asymmetric quadrupole patters regardless of the grain sizes. Also, we find that the CP degree depends on the relative position of a dusty gas slab. If a dusty gas slab is located behind a star-forming region, the CP reaches $\sim 60$ percent in the case of $1.0~{\rm μm}$ dust grains. Hence, we suggest that the observed variety of CP maps can be explained by different size distributions of dust grains and the configuration of aligned grains.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
The world of quantum noise and the fundamental output process
Creators: name: Belavkin, V. P.
name: Hirota, O.
name: Hudson, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A stationary theory of quantum stochastic processes of second order is outlined. It includes KMS processes in wide sense like the equilibrium finite temperature quantum noise given by the Planck's spectral formula. It is shown that for each stationary noise there exists a natural output process output process which is identical to the noise in the infinite temperature limit, and flipping with the noise if the time is reversed at finite temperature. A canonical Hilbert space representation of the quantum noise and the fundamental output process is established and a decomposition of their spectra is found. A brief explanation of quantum stochastic integration with respect to the input-output processes is given using only correlation functions. This provides a mathematical foundation for linear stationary filtering transformations of quantum stochastic processes. It is proved that the colored quantum stationary noise and its time-reversed version can be obtained in the second order theory by a linear nonadapted filtering of the standard vacuum noise uniquely defined by the canonical creation and annihilation operators on the spectrum of the input-output pair.
description: 17 pages
Additional file 5 of Ovine congenital progressive muscular dystrophy (OCPMD) is a model of TNNT1 congenital myopathy
Creators: name: Clayton, Joshua S.
name: Elyshia L. McNamara
name: Goullee, Hayley
name: Conijn, Stefan
name: Muthsam, Keren
name: Musk, Gabrielle C.
name: Coote, David
name: Kijas, James
name: Testa, Alison C.
name: Taylor, Rhonda L.
name: O’Hara, Amanda J.
name: Groth, David
name: Ottenheijm, Coen
name: Ravenscroft, Gianina
name: Laing, Nigel G.
name: Nowak, Kristen J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 5: Figure S4. The terminal 14 amino acids of TNNT1 are absolutely conserved across multiple mammalian species. Clustal Omega alignment of TNNT1 amino acid sequences across 6 different mammalian species. The exons that encode each region of the protein are labelled. Of note, exon 14 encodes the terminal 14 amino acids of TNNT1, which produce an intrinsically disordered domain that binds to tropomyosin [34]. Protein sequences used for alignments were as follows: sheep (Ovis aries): AMR55385 (published AA sequence from K218690 CDS), human (Homo sapiens): NP_0011196044 (NCBI RefSeq), cow (Bos taurus): NP_776899 (NCBI RefSeq), mouse (Mus musculus): NP_001264833 (NCBI RefSeq), rat (Rattus norvegicus): NP_001264191 (NCBI RefSeq), and dog (Canis lupus familiaris): XP_005616225 (NCBI predicted).
Phase transition in matrix model with logarithmic action: Toy-model for gluons in baryons
Creators: name: Krishnaswami, Govind S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the competing effects of gluon self-coupling and their interactions with quarks in a baryon, using the very simple setting of a hermitian 1-matrix model with action tr A^4 - log det(nu + A^2). The logarithmic term comes from integrating out N quarks. The model is a caricature of 2d QCD coupled to adjoint scalars, which are the transversely polarized gluons in a dimensional reduction. nu is a dimensionless ratio of quark mass to coupling constant. The model interpolates between gluons in the vacuum (nu=infinity), gluons weakly coupled to heavy quarks (large nu) and strongly coupled to light quarks in a baryon (nu to 0). It's solution in the large-N limit exhibits a phase transition from a weakly coupled 1-cut phase to a strongly coupled 2-cut phase as nu is decreased below nu_c = 0.27. Free energy and correlation functions are discontinuous in their third and second derivatives at nu_c. The transition to a two-cut phase forces eigenvalues of A away from zero, making glue-ring correlations grow as nu is decreased. In particular, they are enhanced in a baryon compared to the vacuum. This investigation is motivated by a desire to understand why half the proton's momentum is contributed by gluons.
description: 20 pages, 7 figures
THE EFFECTS OF BANK MERGERS ON COMMERCIAL BANK AGRICULTURAL LENDING
Creators: name: Ahrendsen, Bruce L.
name: Dixon, Bruce L.
name: Luo, Bing
name: Ahrendsen, Bruce L.
name: Dixon, Bruce L.
name: Luo, Bing
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Agricultural Finance

description: Regression analysis is used to estimate static and dynamic restructuring, direct and external effects of mergers from 1994 to 2001 on bank agricultural loan-to-asset ratios. Results indicate that mergers have a negative effect on agricultural loan ratios. The effect is less pronounced for smaller than larger bank mergers and more pronounced for mergers of banks affiliated with the same holding company than other merger types.
Low-loss single-mode hybrid-lattice hollow-core photonic crystal fiber
Creators: name: Amrani, Foued
name: Osório, Jonas H.
name: Delahaye, Frédéric
name: Giovanardi, Fabio
name: Vincetti, Luca
name: Debord, Benoît
name: Gérôme, Frédéric
name: Benabid, Fetah
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The remarkable recent demonstrations in ultralow loss Inhibited-Coupling (IC) hollow-core photonic crystal fibers (HCPCFs) place them as serious candidates for the next-generation of long-haul fiber optics systems. A hindrance to this prospect, but also to short-haul applications such as micromachining, where stable and high-quality beam delivery is needed, is the challenge to design and fabricate an IC-guiding fiber that combines ultra-low loss, truly and robust single-modeness, and polarization-maintaining operation. Design solutions proposed up to now require a trade-off between low loss and truly single modeness. Here, we propose a novel concept of IC HCPCF for obtaining low-loss and effective single-mode operation. The fiber is endowed with a hybrid cladding composed of a Kagome-tubular lattice (HKT). This new concept of microstructured cladding allows to significantly reduce confinement loss and, at the same time, preserving a truly and robust single-mode operation. Experimental results show a HKT-IC-HCPCF with a minimum loss figure of 1.6 dB/km at 1050 nm and a higher-order modes extinction ratio as high as 47.0 dB for a 10 m long fiber. The robustness of the fiber single-modeness was tested by moving the fiber and varying the coupling conditions. The design proposed herein opens a new route for the accomplishment of HCPCFs that combine robust ultralow loss transmission and single-mode beam delivery and provides new insight into the understanding of IC guidance.
Additional file 1 of Development of graded prognostic assessment for breast Cancer brain metastasis incorporating extracranial metastatic features: a retrospective analysis of 284 patients
Creators: name: Wang, Yan
name: Xu, Hangcheng
name: Sa, Qiang
name: Li, Li
name: Han, Yiqun
name: Wu, Yun
name: Zhou, Yiran
name: Xu, Binghe
name: Wang, Jiayu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Supplementary Material 1
Design of a waveguide-coupled GeSn disk laser
Creators: name: Marzban, Bahareh
name: Nojic, Jovana
name: Stange, Daniela
name: Buca, Dan
name: Witzens, Jeremy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the design of a waveguide coupled GeSn microdisk-laser cavity in which the germanium virtual substrate serving as a template for GeSn growth is repurposed for the definition of passive on-chip interconnection waveguides. A main challenge resides in transferring the optical power from the upper (Si)GeSn gain stack to the underlying virtual substrate layer and is solved with laser mode engineering. Designs are based on experimentally realized layer stacks and waveguide outcoupling efficiencies as high as 27% are shown in compact resonator geometries with a small, 7 $μ$m radius, with 42% of the power being recycled in the laser cavity.
The Stellar Halo Metallicity - Luminosity Relationship for Spiral Galaxies
Creators: name: Renda, Agostino
name: Gibson, Brad K.
name: Mouhcine, Mustapha
name: Ibata, Rodrigo A.
name: Kawata, Daisuke
name: Flynn, Chris
name: Brook, Chris B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The stellar halos of spiral galaxies bear important chemo-dynamical signatures of galaxy formation. We present here the analysis of 89 semi-cosmological spiral galaxy simulations, spanning ~ 4 magnitudes in total galactic luminosity. These simulations sample a wide variety of merging histories and show significant dispersion in halo metallicity at a given total luminosity - more than a factor of ten in metallicity. Our preliminary analysis suggests that galaxies with a more extended merging history possess halos which have younger and more metal rich stellar populations than the stellar halos associated with galaxies with a more abbreviated assembly. A correlation between halo metallicity and its surface brightness has also been found, reflecting the correlation between halo metallicity and its stellar mass. Our simulations are compared with recent Hubble Space Telescope observations of resolved stellar halos in nearby spirals.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures. MNRAS Letters, in press
Experimental shock tube study of ignition promotion for methane under engine relevant conditions
Creators: name: Huang, Jian
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The ignition delay time of methane and various methane-additives mixed homogeneously with air has been measured experimentally using a reflected shock technique for pressures from 16 to 40 atm and temperatures from 950 to HOOK. A non-constant-specific-heat model has been developed for calculating initial experimental conditions. A good agreement has been found between the model and the experimental results. The ignition delay time measured in the current study has been found to depend strongly on temperature and moderately on pressure, and is significantly different from that reported by previous workers whose experiments have been conducted at lower pressures. Empirical equations correlating the ignition delay time with the initial temperature, pressure and fuel concentration have been obtained based on the experimental results. Hydrogen and DME (dimethyl ether) have been investigated for their efficiencies as ignition promoters for methane under engine relevant conditions. A prominent reduction of the ignition delay has been found for methane with 35% hydrogen added. With 15% hydrogen addition, the promotion effect is mainly evident at low pressures. DME has been found to cause moderate reduction on the ignition delay of methane. Computational results using detailed reaction mechanisms have shown disagreements with the current experimental measurements. Further tuning of the mechanisms has been suggested for high-pressure methane ignitions.
The origin of the non-monotonic field dependence of the blocking temperature in magnetic nanoparticles
Creators: name: Zheng, R. K.
name: Gu, Hongwei
name: Xu, Bing
name: Zhang, X. X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The field dependence of the peak temperature of the zero-field-cooled (ZFC) magnetization curve of a magnetic nanoparticle system was studied using a diluted magnetic fluid composed of FePt nanoparticles. It is found that the peak temperature increases with increasing applied field below 3 kOe; it then decreases with further increasing the applied field. The non-monotonic field dependence of the peak temperature in magnetic particle systems is attributed to the anisotropic energy barrier distribution of the particles, and to the slowly decreasing magnetization (or to the non-Curies law dependence of magnetization) above the blocking temperature. The non-Curies law dependence of the magnetization is caused by large magnetic anisotropy and Zeeman energy of particles in high magnetic fields. Numerical simulation results, based on basic thermodynamics, and pure thermal relaxation and energy barrier distribution extracted from the low-field, experimental ZFC data show a good agreement with experimental results.
description: submitted
The EBLM project. VII. Spin-orbit alignment for the circumbinary planet host EBLM J0608-59 A/TOI-1338 A
Creators: name: Hodžić, Vedad Kunovac
name: Triaud, Amaury H. M. J.
name: Martin, David V.
name: Fabrycky, Daniel C.
name: Cegla, Heather M.
name: Cameron, Andrew Collier
name: Gill, Samuel
name: Hellier, Coel
name: Kostov, Veselin B.
name: Maxted, Pierre F. L.
name: Orosz, Jerome A.
name: Pepe, Francesco
name: Pollacco, Don
name: Queloz, Didier
name: Ségransan, Damien
name: Udry, Stéphane
name: Welsh, William F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A dozen short-period detached binaries are known to host transiting circumbinary planets. In all circumbinary systems so far, the planetary and binary orbits are aligned within a couple of degrees. However, the obliquity of the primary star, which is an important tracer of their formation, evolution, and tidal history, has only been measured in one circumbinary system until now. EBLM J0608-59/TOI-1338 is a low-mass eclipsing binary system with a recently discovered circumbinary planet identified by TESS. Here, we perform high-resolution spectroscopy during primary eclipse to measure the projected stellar obliquity of the primary component. The obliquity is low, and thus the primary star is aligned with the binary and planetary orbits with a projected spin-orbit angle $β= 2.8 \pm 17.1$ deg. The rotation period of $18.1 \pm 1.6$ days implied by our measurement of $v\sin{i_\star}$ suggests that the primary has not yet pseudo-synchronized with the binary orbit, but is consistent with gyrochronology and weak tidal interaction with the binary companion. Our result, combined with the known coplanarity of the binary and planet orbits, is suggestive of formation from a single disc. Finally, we considered whether the spectrum of the faint secondary star could affect our measurements. We show through simulations that the effect is negligible for our system, but can lead to strong biases in $v\sin{i_\star}$ and $β$ for higher flux ratios. We encourage future studies in eclipse spectroscopy test the assumption of a dark secondary for flux ratios $\gtrsim 1$ ppt.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures. Accepted in MNRAS. Fixed a few typos
Additional file 1 of Resolving biology’s dark matter: species richness, spatiotemporal distribution, and community composition of a dark taxon
Creators: name: Hartop, Emily
name: Lee, Leshon
name: Srivathsan, Amrita
name: Jones, Mirkka
name: Peña-Aguilera, Pablo
name: Ovaskainen, Otso
name: Roslin, Tomas
name: Meier, Rudolf
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Supplementary Material 1: Additional file 1: Figures S1–S13, Tables S1–S6. Fig. S1 Map of study sites. Fig. S2 Timeline of analysed samples. Fig. S3 Chao1 estimates of scuttle fly species richness per zone. Fig. S4 Species accumulation curve of scuttle flies by season. Fig. S5 Consistency in community patterning, as based on different clustering thresholds for species delimitation. Fig. S6 NMDS plot of all samples (species, threshold of 100 specimens) with samples colour-coded according to time period. Fig. S7 Violin plots showing potential scale reduction factors (PSRF) for the beta and omega parameters of four HMSC models: species occurrence (1), species abundance (2), haplotype occurrence (3), and haplotype abundance (4). Fig. S8 Variance explained by fixed and random effects in HMSC models of the presence/absence or abundance of either haplotypes or species proxies. Fig. S9 Predicted mean prevalence and log(abundance) of species proxies as a function of forest or woodland cover (%) and mean annual temperature (°C) during late summer in HMSC models. Fig. S10 Pairwise residual associations among haplotypes and species proxies in space and time as detected in HMSC models. Fig. S11 Pairwise compositional turnover as a function of intervening geographic distance for each time period in the species and haplotype datasets. Fig. S12 Nestedness values scored along geographic distance gradients for each time period among the species and haplotype datasets. Fig. S13 Total beta-diversity values scored along geographic distance gradients for each time period among the species and haplotype datasets. Table S1 Sample information. Table S2 Distinctness of scuttle fly communities across zones, as based on different clustering thresholds for species delimitation. Table S3 Similarity of scuttle fly communities across zones, as based on different clustering thresholds for species delimitation. Table S4 Distinctness of scuttle fly communities across time periods. Table S5 Similarity of scuttle fly communities across time periods. Table S6 Mantel tests relating pairwise community dissimilarity to pairwise differences in space, time, or both.
Waves in Thin Oceans on Oblate Neutron Stars
Creators: name: van Baal, Bart F. A.
name: Chambers, Frank R. N.
name: Watts, Anna L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Waves in thin fluid layers are important in various stellar and planetary problems. Due to rapid rotation such systems will become oblate, with a latitudinal variation in the gravitational acceleration across the surface of the object. In the case of accreting neutron stars, rapid rotation could lead to a polar radius smaller than the equatorial radius by a factor $\sim 0.8$. We investigate how the oblateness and a changing gravitational acceleration affect different hydrodynamic modes that exist in such fluid layers through analytic approximations and numerical calculations. The wave vectors of $g$-modes and Yanai modes increase for more oblate systems compared to spherical counterparts, although the impact of variations in the changing gravitational acceleration is effectively negligible. We find that for increased oblateness, Kelvin modes show less equatorial confinement and little change in their wave vector. For $r$-modes, we find that for more oblate systems the wave vector decreases. The exact manner of these changes for the $r$-modes depends on the model for the gravitational acceleration across the surface.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Additional file 2 of Ovine congenital progressive muscular dystrophy (OCPMD) is a model of TNNT1 congenital myopathy
Creators: name: Clayton, Joshua S.
name: Elyshia L. McNamara
name: Goullee, Hayley
name: Conijn, Stefan
name: Muthsam, Keren
name: Musk, Gabrielle C.
name: Coote, David
name: Kijas, James
name: Testa, Alison C.
name: Taylor, Rhonda L.
name: O’Hara, Amanda J.
name: Groth, David
name: Ottenheijm, Coen
name: Ravenscroft, Gianina
name: Laing, Nigel G.
name: Nowak, Kristen J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 2: Table S1. RT-PCR and sequencing primers used for TNNT1 transcript analyses.
Beyond Graph Neural Networks with Lifted Relational Neural Networks
Creators: name: Sourek, Gustav
name: Zelezny, Filip
name: Kuzelka, Ondrej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We demonstrate a declarative differentiable programming framework based on the language of Lifted Relational Neural Networks, where small parameterized logic programs are used to encode relational learning scenarios. When presented with relational data, such as various forms of graphs, the program interpreter dynamically unfolds differentiable computational graphs to be used for the program parameter optimization by standard means. Following from the used declarative Datalog abstraction, this results into compact and elegant learning programs, in contrast with the existing procedural approaches operating directly on the computational graph level. We illustrate how this idea can be used for an efficient encoding of a diverse range of existing advanced neural architectures, with a particular focus on Graph Neural Networks (GNNs). Additionally, we show how the contemporary GNN models can be easily extended towards higher relational expressiveness. In the experiments, we demonstrate correctness and computation efficiency through comparison against specialized GNN deep learning frameworks, while shedding some light on the learning performance of existing GNN models.
description: Submitted to MLJ's Special Track on Learning and Reasoning (May 15th 2020 cut-off) http://lr2020.iit.demokritos.gr/
IMPLICATIONS OF REMOTE SENSING IMAGERY AND CROP ROTATION FOR NITROGEN MANAGEMENT IN SUGAR BEET PRODUCTION
Creators: name: Ali, Mir B.
name: McBride, William D.
name: Daberkow, Stan G.
name: Ali, Mir B.
name: McBride, William D.
name: Daberkow, Stan G.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: Adoption of new technologies, such as remote sensing, is slowed by such factors as high monetary and/or human capital costs and uncertainty about their value. This analysis explores the impact on nitrogen fertilizer use and efficiency and net returns among sugar beet producers in the Red River Valley from using remote sensing technologies and crop rotation for nitrogen management. The study found that cropping patterns had a significant impact on nitrogen use and net returns, but that most decision tools used for nitrogen management had little influence. The impact of using remotely sensed images for nitrogen management in sugar beets was not statistically significant.
A DESCRIPTIVE AND ECONOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF ANNUAL SALARIES, GENDER, EXPERIENCE, AND PEER-REVIEWED PUBLICATION HISTORIES WITHIN TOP-RANKED AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS PROGRAMS
Creators: name: Hilmer, Christiana E.
name: Hilmer, Michael J.
name: Hilmer, Christiana E.
name: Hilmer, Michael J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession

description: Utilizing an original data set containing annual salaries and peer-reviewed publication histories for 328 faculty members we examine the labor market for academic agricultural economists. Our descriptive analysis shows that while the profession remains male-dominated, females are making significant inroads at the lower academic ranks, the profession is relatively top-heavy, with nearly two-thirds of the faculty in our data set currently holding the rank of full professor, differences in annual salary exist primarily for faculty at Top 6 programs, and then primarily for full professors. Our regression analysis suggests that controlling for publication history there are neither statistically significant negative returns to increased tenure nor statistically significant negative returns to gender, holding all else constant.
Hydrodynamic Model for the System of Self Propelling Particles with Conservative Kinematic Constraints; Two dimensional stationary solutions
Creators: name: Ratushnaya, V. I.
name: Kulinskii, V. L.
name: Zvelindovsky, A. V.
name: Bedeaux, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a continuum model for the dynamics of systems of self propelling particles with kinematic constraints on the velocities. The model aims to be analogous to a discrete algorithm used in works by T. Vicsek et al. In this paper we prove that the only types of the stationary planar solutions in the model are either of translational or axial symmetry of the flow. Within the proposed model we differentiate between finite and infinite flocking behavior by the finiteness of the kinetic energy functional.
description: 12 pages, 1 figure
Field-free switching of magnetic tunnel junctions driven by spin-orbit torques at sub-ns timescales
Creators: name: Krizakova, Viola
name: Garello, Kevin
name: Grimaldi, Eva
name: Kar, Gouri Sankar
name: Gambardella, Pietro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report time-resolved measurements of magnetization switching by spin-orbit torques in the absence of an external magnetic field in perpendicularly magnetized magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJ). Field-free switching is enabled by the dipolar field of an in-plane magnetized layer integrated above the MTJ stack, the orientation of which determines the switching polarity. Real-time single-shot measurements provide direct evidence of magnetization reversal and switching distributions. Close to the critical switching voltage we observe stochastic reversal events due to a finite incubation delay preceding the magnetization reversal. Upon increasing the pulse amplitude to twice the critical voltage the reversal becomes quasi-deterministic, leading to reliable bipolar switching at sub-ns timescales in zero external field. We further investigate the switching probability as a function of dc bias of the MTJ and external magnetic field, providing insight on the parameters that determine the critical switching voltage.
Additional file 2 of Identifying disease trajectories with predicate information from a knowledge graph
Creators: name: Vlietstra, Wytze J.
name: Vos, Rein
name: Akker, Marjan Van Den
name: Mulligen, Erik M. Van
name: Kors, Jan A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 2. Overview of predicates that were found in the paths. This file contains Table S3, which shows the 47 predicates that connect proteins in the knowledge graph and were used to construct the features.
The updated E_peak - E_gamma correlation in GRBs
Creators: name: Ghirlanda, G.
name: Ghisellini, G.
name: Lazzati, D.
name: Firmani, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recently discovered correlation between the rest frame GRB peak spectral energy $E_{\rm peak}$ and the collimation corrected energy $E_γ$ in long GRBs is potentially very important, yet awaits confirmation from an independent sample. It may help to shed light on the radiation mechanism of the prompt GRB phase and on the way -- and in which form -- the energy is released from the central engine. We here present some additional evidence for the correlation (two new bursts) and re-derive the best-fit parameters. The tightness of the correlation is confirmed (sigma=0.1 dex). We show that this correlation allows us, for the first time, to use GRBs as cosmological probes to constrain the expansion history of the universe.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure, submitted to Il Nuovo Cimento (4th Workshop Gamma-Ray Bursts in the Afterglow Era, Rome, 18-22 October 2004). Additional material at http://www.merate.mi.astro.it/~ghirla/deep/blink.htm
PROFITABILITY OF AGRICULTURAL LENDING RELATIONSHIPS
Creators: name: Gunderson, Michael A.
name: Gloy, Brent A.
name: LaDue, Eddy L.
name: Gunderson, Michael A.
name: Gloy, Brent A.
name: LaDue, Eddy L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Agricultural Finance

description: Detailed customer loan records were used to investigate the profitability of agricultural lending relationships. Analyses consider a variety of factors that influence the costs and returns associated with agricultural lending relationships. Among other things, the results provide evidence of substantial economies of size at the relationship level.
INCOME GROWTH AND PESTICIDE CONSUMPTION IN THE FUTURE: APPLYING THE ENVIRONMENTAL KUZNETS CURVE HYPOTHESIS
Creators: name: Arahata, Katsumi
name: Arahata, Katsumi
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Environmental Kuznets Curve
subject: Income growth
subject: Pesticide
subject: Sustained population of land

description: Applying the Environmental Kuznets Curve hypothesis, the economic structure of pesticide consumption in the world was examined and its future consumption was predicted. It was found that the hypothesis is applicable and the income level significantly affects the pesticide consumption. Additionally, sustained population per land is also influential. In spite of the applicability of the hypothesis, it was also demonstrated that the great increase of pesticide consumption in developing countries would be predicted. Furthermore, among pesticide categories, the increase of insecticide consumption would be predicted even in developed countries.
A Molecular Dynamics Computer Simulation Study of Room-Temperature Ionic Liquids: II. Equilibrium and Nonequilibrium Solvation Dynamics
Creators: name: Shim, Y.
name: Choi, M. Y.
name: Kim, H. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The molecular dynamics (MD) simulation study of solvation structure and free energetics in 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate using a probe solute in the preceding article [Y. Shim, M. Y. Choi and H. J. Kim, cond-mat/0501305] is extended to investigate dynamic properties of these liquids. Solvent fluctuation dynamics near equilibrium are studied via MD and associated time-depedent friction is analyzed via the generalized Langevin equation. Nonequilibrium solvent relaxation following an instantaneous change in the solute charge distribution and accompanying solvent structure reorganization are also investigated. Both equilibrium and nonequilibrium solvation dynamics are characterized by at least two vastly different time scales--a subpicosecond inertial regime followed by a slow diffusive regime. Solvent regions contributing to the subpicosecond nonequilibrium relaxation are found to vary significantly with initial solvation configurations, especially near the solute. If the solvent density near the solute is sufficiently high at the outset of the relaxation, subpicosecond dynamics are mainly governed by the motions of a few ions close to the solute. By contrast, in the case of a low local density, solvent ions located not only close to but also relatively far from the solute participate in the subpicosecond relaxation. Despite this difference, linear response holds reasonably well in both ionic liquids.