cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Dynamics of Hubbard nano-clusters following strong excitation
Creators: name: Bonitz, M.
name: Hermanns, S.
name: Balzer, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Hubbard model is a prototype for strongly correlated electrons in condensed matter, for molecules and fermions or bosons in optical lattices. While the equilibrium properties of these systems have been studied in detail, the excitation and relaxation dynamics following a perturbation of the system are only poorly explored. Here, we present results for the dynamics of electrons following nonlinear strong excitation that are based on a nonequilibrium Green functions approach. We focus on small systems---"Hubbard nano-clusters"---that contain just a few particles where, in addition to the correlation effects, finite size effects and spatial inhomegeneity can be studied systematically.
Graphical combinatorics and a distributive law for modular operads
Creators: name: Raynor, Sophie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 18D70 (primary), 81Q30 (Secondary), 55U10 (Secondary),

description: This work presents a detailed analysis of the combinatorics of modular operads. These are operad-like structures that admit a contraction operation as well as an operadic multiplication. Their combinatorics are governed by graphs that admit cycles, and are known for their complexity. In 2011, Joyal and Kock introduced a powerful graphical formalism for modular operads. This paper extends that work. A monad for modular operads is constructed and a corresponding nerve theorem is proved, using Weber's abstract nerve theory, in the terms originally stated by Joyal and Kock. This is achieved using a distributive law that sheds new light on the combinatorics of modular operads.
description: A mistake in the published version, where I incorrectly referred to certain graph morphisms as `monomorphisms' has been corrected, and the terminology updated throughout. See Rmk 0.6 and Section 4.1. Some other tidying up and minor corrections have also been made
Single-particle spectral function of fractional quantum anomalous Hall states
Creators: name: Pichler, Fabian
name: Kadow, Wilhelm
name: Kuhlenkamp, Clemens
name: Knap, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fractional quantum Hall states are the most prominent example of states with topological order, hosting excitations with fractionalized charge. Recent experiments in twisted $\text{MoTe}_2$ and graphene-based heterostructures provided evidence of fractional quantum anomalous Hall (FQAH) states, which spontaneously break time-reversal symmetry and persist even without an external magnetic field. Understanding the unique properties of these states requires the characterization of their low-energy excitations. To that end, we construct a parton theory for the energy and momentum-resolved single-particle spectral function of FQAH states. We explicitly consider several experimentally observed filling fractions as well as a composite Fermi liquid in the half-filled Chern band. The parton description qualitatively captures our numerical exact diagonalization results. Additionally, we discuss how the finite bandwidth of the Chern band and the non-ideal quantum geometry affect the fractionalized excitations. Our work demonstrates that the energy and momentum-resolved electronic single-particle spectral function provides a valuable tool to characterize fractionalized excitations of FQAH states in moiré lattices.
description: 7+4 pages, 3+3 figures
Spectrum of two-flavored spin-zero heavy dibaryons in lattice QCD
Creators: name: Junnarkar, Parikshit M.
name: Mathur, Nilmani
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the ground state energy spectra of two-flavored heavy dibaryons in the spin-singlet channel. In particular, the ground state masses of $Ω_{llQ}Ω_{llQ}, Ω_{QlQ}Ω_{llQ}$ and $Ω_{QlQ}Ω_{QlQ}$ states are computed and compared with their respective lowest non-interacting energy levels, where the flavor $Q \in (c,b)$ denotes charm and bottom quarks, and the other flavor $l \in {s,c,b}$ represents strange, charm and bottom, respectively. Considering their valence quark structures, these hadrons could be thought of as the heavy flavor analogues of spin-singlet nucleon-nucleon states. The gauge configurations employed in this study are HISQ ensembles with $N_f = 2+1+1$ flavors, generated by the MILC collaboration, at four lattice spacings, namely $a=0.1207, 0.0888, 0.0582$ and $0.0448$ fm. The aforementioned states are also computed at different quark masses, between $m_s \le m_l \le m_b$, including at unphysical heavy quark masses, to explore the quark mass dependence of any possible binding. For the dibaryon states $Ω_{bbc}Ω_{bbc}, Ω_{ccb}Ω_{ccb}$ and $Ω_{ccb} Ω_{bbc}$, we find a clear evidence of an energy level below their respective non-interacting energy levels. In addition, for these dibaryons at quark masses $m_c < m_l \le m_b$, a trend is found where the gap, between the lowest energy levels and the respective lowest non-interacting levels, increases as the quark mass $m_l$ increases. We also study the heavy quark spin-symmetry and its breaking for these heavy dibaryons.
description: 15 pages, 7 figures, minor changes, fixed typos, matches published version
Choreography Synthesis as Contract Agreement
Creators: name: Lange, Julien
name: Scalas, Alceste
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: D.3.1; D.3.2; F.3.1

description: We propose a formal model for distributed systems, where each participant advertises its requirements and obligations as behavioural contracts, and where multiparty sessions are started when a set of contracts allows to synthesise a choreography. Our framework is based on the CO2 calculus for contract-oriented computing, and borrows concepts and results from the session type literature. It supports sessions where the number of participants is not determined beforehand, and keeps CO2's ability to rule out participants that are culpable if contracts are not fulfilled at runtime. We show that we have progress and session fidelity in CO2, as a result of the honesty of participants - i.e., their ability to always adhere to their contracts.
description: In Proceedings ICE 2013, arXiv:1310.4019
Wir protestieren gegen eine jüdische Regierung!; [ca. 1919]
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2009

description: Enth. eine vorgedr. Unterschriftenliste. - Stark beschädigt, evt. vorh. Angaben zu Erscheinungsort und Drucker/Verleger nicht mehr vorhanden
Flore d'Afrique centrale - Spermatophyta - Hamamelidaceae
Creators: name: Germain, R.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1951
Subjects: Flora
Plants
Identification
Botany
Systematics
Taxonomy
Central Africa
Democratic Republic of the Congo
Rwanda
Burundi

description: PDF version of treatment of Hamamelidaceae in Flore d'Afrique centrale series
Quantum Kinetic Theory of the Linear Response for Weakly Disordered Multiband Systems
Creators: name: Valet, Thierry
name: Raimondi, Roberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A quantum kinetic theory of the linear response to an electric field is provided from a controlled expansion of the Keldysh theory at leading order, for a multiband electron system with weak scalar disorder. The response is uniquely partitioned into intraband distribution functions and interband quantum coherences. A new explicit formula is provided for the latter, outlining their true nature as local dependent quantities, for which the mesoscopic gradients of the former is uncovered as a source term, opening a new research area. The precise connection with the Kubo formula in the ladder approximation is established. A pedagogical application to spin-orbit torque theory in the two dimensional electron gas demonstrates the striking efficiency of the quantum kinetic approach. Some important implications for the theory of orbital transport are also briefly discussed.
description: Accepted on PRB Letters, https://journals.aps.org/prb/accepted/0b072Y0bL5817a8e81174bb7c6101616a1ed72697
Flore d'Afrique centrale - Spermatophyta - Pittosporaceae
Creators: name: Léonard, J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1951
Subjects: Flora
Plants
Identification
Botany
Systematics
Taxonomy
Central Africa
Democratic Republic of the Congo
Rwanda
Burundi

description: PDF version of treatment of Pittosporaceae in Flore d'Afrique centrale series
การพัฒนารูปแบบสมรรถนะในศตวรรษที่ 21 ของนายทหารนักเรียนหลักสูตรหลักประจำโรงเรียนเสนาธิการทหารบก
Creators: name: ดิษฐรัตน์ อมรวิทวัส
Publisher: name: วารสารสหวิทยาการวิจัย: ฉบับบัณฑิตศึกษา
Year: 2023
Subjects: สมรรถนะ
นายทหารนักเรียน
หลักสูตรหลักประจำโรงเรียนเสนาธิการทหารบก

description: วารสารสหวิทยาการวิจัย: ฉบับบัณฑิตศึกษา, 12, 1, 139-154
New Physics signals from measurable polarization asymmetries at LHC
Creators: name: Beccaria, M.
name: Macorini, G.
name: Panizzo, G.
name: Verzegnassi, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a new type of Z polarization asymmetry in bottom-Z production at LHC that should be realistically measurable and would provide the determination of the so-called $A_b$ parameter, whose available measured value still appears to be in disagreement with the Standard Model prediction. This polarization can be measured independently of a possible existence of Supersymmetry. If Supersymmetry is found, a second polarization, i.e. the top longitudinal polarization in top-charged Higgs production, would neatly identify the $\tan β$ parameter. In this case, the value of $A_b$ should be in agreement with the Standard Model. If Supersymmetry does not exist, a residual disagreement of $A_b$ from the Standard Model prediction would be a clean signal of New Physics of "non Supersymmetric" origin.
description: typo corrected
Enhancing the capture efficiency and homogeneity of single-layer flow-through trapping microfluidic devices using oblique hydrodynamic streams
Creators: name: Mesdjian, Olivier
name: Ruyssen, Nicolas
name: Jullien, Marie-Caroline
name: Allena, Rachele
name: Fattaccioli, Jacques
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With the aim to parallelize and monitor biological or biochemical phenomena, trapping and immobilization of objects such as particles, droplets or cells in microfluidic devices has been an intense area of research and engineering so far. Either being passive or active, these microfluidic devices are usually composed of arrays of elementary traps with various levels of sophistication. For a given array, it is important to have an efficient and fast immobilization of the highest number of objects, while optimizing the spatial homogeneity of the trapping over the whole chip. For passive devices, this has been achieved with two-layers structures, making the fabrication process more complex. In this work, we designed small microfluidic traps by single-layer direct laser writing into a photoresist, and we show that even in this simplest case, the orientation of the main flow of particles with respect to the traps have a drastic effect on the trapping efficiency and homogeneity. To better understand this phenomenon, we have considered two different flow geometries: parallel and oblique with respect to the traps array, and compared quantitatively the immobilization of particles with various sizes and densities. Using image analysis, we show that diagonal flows gives a spatial distribution of the trap loading that is more homogeneous over the whole chip as compared to the straight ones, and by performing FEM and trapping simulation, we propose a qualitative explanation of this phenomenon.
description: Post-reviewing revised version
GeV WIMPs scattering off of OH impurities cannot explain the DAMA signal
Creators: name: Profumo, Stefano
name: Queiroz, Farinaldo S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the presence of OH impurities in the DAMA crystals, GeV-scale WIMPs elastically scattering off of hydrogen nuclei with a spin independent cross section of $\sim 10^{-33}\ {\rm cm}^2$ might explain the annual modulation observed by the DAMA experiment, while being consistent with other direct dark matter searches, as scattering would occur at energies below the energy threshold of other detectors. In this work we examine this possibility and show that, independent of the level of OH impurities in the DAMA crystals, for several reasons this scenario does not provide a viable explanation to the DAMA signal.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures. Accepted for publication in JCAP
Dynamics of interacting information waves in networks
Creators: name: Mirshahvalad, Atieh
name: Viamontes, Alcides
name: Lizana, Ludvig
name: Rosvall, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: To better understand the inner workings of information spreading, network researchers often use simple models to capture the spreading dynamics. But most models only highlight the effect of local interactions on the global spreading of a single information wave, and ignore the effects of interactions between multiple waves. Here we take into account the effect of multiple interacting waves by using an agent-based model in which the interaction between information waves is based on their novelty. We analyzed the global effects of such interactions and found that information that actually reaches nodes reaches them faster. This effect is caused by selection between information waves: slow waves die out and only fast waves survive. As a result, and in contrast to models with non-interacting information dynamics, the access to information decays with the distance from the source. Moreover, when we analyzed the model on various synthetic and real spatial road networks, we found that the decay rate also depends on the path redundancy and the effective dimension of the system. In general, the decay of the information wave frequency as a function of distance from the source follows a power law distribution with an exponent between -0.2 for a two-dimensional system with high path redundancy and -0.5 for a tree-like system with no path redundancy. We found that the real spatial networks provide an infrastructure for information spreading that lies in between these two extremes. Finally, to better understand the mechanics behind the scaling results, we provide analytic calculations of the scaling for a one-dimensional system.
Become a better you: correlation between the change of research direction and the change of scientific performance
Creators: name: Yu, Xiaoyao
name: Szymanski, Boleslaw K.
name: Jia, Tao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: It is important to explore how scientists decide their research agenda and the corresponding consequences, as their decisions collectively shape contemporary science. There are studies focusing on the overall performance of individuals with different problem choosing strategies. Here we ask a slightly different but relatively unexplored question: how is a scientist's change of research agenda associated with her change of scientific performance. Using publication records of over 14,000 authors in physics, we quantitatively measure the extent of research direction change and the performance change of individuals. We identify a strong positive correlation between the direction change and impact change. Scientists with a larger direction change not only are more likely to produce works with increased scientific impact compared to their past ones, but also have a higher growth rate of scientific impact. On the other hand, the direction change is not associated with productivity change. Those who stay in familiar topics do not publish faster than those who venture out and establish themselves in a new field. The gauge of research direction in this work is uncorrelated with the diversity of research agenda and the switching probability among topics, capturing the evolution of individual careers from a new point of view. Though the finding is inevitably affected by the survival bias, it sheds light on a range of problems in the career development of individual scientists.
description: 22 pages, 4 figures, and SI, to be published in Journal of Informetrics
On Recovering from Run-time Misbehaviour in ADR
Creators: name: Poyias, Kyriakos
name: Tuosto, Emilio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose a monitoring mechanism for recording the evolution of systems after certain computations, maintaining the history in a tree-like structure. Technically, we develop the monitoring mechanism in a variant of ADR (after Architectural Design Rewriting), a rule-based formal framework for modelling the evolution of architectures of systems. The hierarchical nature of ADR allows us to take full advantage of the tree-like structure of the monitoring mechanism. We exploit this mechanism to formally define new rewriting mechanisms for ADR reconfiguration rules. Also, by monitoring the evolution we propose a way of identifying which part of a system has been affected when unexpected run-time behaviours emerge. Moreover, we propose a methodology to suggest reconfigurations that could potentially lead the system in a non-erroneous state.
description: In Proceedings ICE 2013, arXiv:1310.4019
Flore d'Afrique centrale - Spermatophyta - Crassulaceae
Creators: name: Toussaint, L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1951
Subjects: Flora
Plants
Identification
Botany
Systematics
Taxonomy
Central Africa
Democratic Republic of the Congo
Rwanda
Burundi

description: PDF version of treatment of Crassulaceae in Flore d'Afrique centrale series
A deformation of quantum affine algebra in squashed WZNW models
Creators: name: Kawaguchi, Io
name: Yoshida, Kentaroh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We proceed to study infinite-dimensional symmetries in two-dimensional squashed Wess-Zumino-Novikov-Witten (WZNW) models at the classical level. The target space is given by squashed S^3 and the isometry is SU(2)_L x U(1)_R. It is known that SU(2)_L is enhanced to a couple of Yangians. We reveal here that an infinite-dimensional extension of U(1)_R is a deformation of quantum affine algebra, where a new deformation parameter is provided with the coefficient of the Wess-Zumino term. Then we consider the relation between the deformed quantum affine algebra and the pair of Yangians from the viewpoint of the left-right duality of monodromy matrices. The integrable structure is also discussed by computing the r/s-matrices that satisfy the extended classical Yang-Baxter equation. Finally two degenerate limits are discussed.
description: 62 pages, 5 figures
On Constraints in First-Order Optimization: A View from Non-Smooth Dynamical Systems
Creators: name: Muehlebach, Michael
name: Jordan, Michael I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: We introduce a class of first-order methods for smooth constrained optimization that are based on an analogy to non-smooth dynamical systems. Two distinctive features of our approach are that (i) projections or optimizations over the entire feasible set are avoided, in stark contrast to projected gradient methods or the Frank-Wolfe method, and (ii) iterates are allowed to become infeasible, which differs from active set or feasible direction methods, where the descent motion stops as soon as a new constraint is encountered. The resulting algorithmic procedure is simple to implement even when constraints are nonlinear, and is suitable for large-scale constrained optimization problems in which the feasible set fails to have a simple structure. The key underlying idea is that constraints are expressed in terms of velocities instead of positions, which has the algorithmic consequence that optimizations over feasible sets at each iteration are replaced with optimizations over local, sparse convex approximations. In particular, this means that at each iteration only constraints that are violated are taken into account. The result is a simplified suite of algorithms and an expanded range of possible applications in machine learning.
description: 47 pages, 11 figures
The NuA4 acetyltransferase and histone H4 acetylation promote replication recovery after topoisomerase I-poisoning
Creators: name: Noguchi, Chiaki
name: Singh, Tanu
name: Ziegler, Melissa A
name: Peake, Jasmine D
name: Khair, Lyne
name: Aza, Ana
name: Nakamura, Toru
name: Noguchi, Eishi
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: BACKGROUND: Histone acetylation plays an important role in DNA replication and repair because replicating chromatin is subject to dynamic changes in its structures. However, its precise mechanism remains elusive. In this report, we describe roles of the NuA4 acetyltransferase and histone H4 acetylation in replication fork protection in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe. RESULTS: Downregulation of NuA4 subunits renders cells highly sensitive to camptothecin, a compound that induces replication fork breakage. Defects in NuA4 function or mutations in histone H4 acetylation sites lead to impaired recovery of collapsed replication forks and elevated levels of Rad52 DNA repair foci, indicating the role of histone H4 acetylation in DNA replication and fork repair. We also show that Vid21 interacts with the Swi1-Swi3 replication fork protection complex and that Swi1 stabilizes Vid21 and promotes efficient histone H4 acetylation. Furthermore, our genetic analysis demonstrates that loss of Swi1 further sensitizes NuA4 and histone H4 mutant cells to replication fork breakage. CONCLUSION: Considering that Swi1 plays a critical role in replication fork protection, our results indicate that NuA4 and histone H4 acetylation promote repair of broken DNA replication forks.
A theoretical approach to study J/$Ψ$ suppression in relativistic heavy ion collisions
Creators: name: Karn, Santosh K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With a view to understanding J/$Ψ$ suppression in relativistic heavy ion collisions, we compute the suppression rate within the framework of hydrodynamical evolution model. For this, we consider an ellipsoidal flow and use an ansatz for temperature profile function which accounts for time and the three dimensional space evolution of the quark-gluon plasma. We have calculated the survival probability separately as the function of transverse and longitudinal momentum. We have shown that previous calculations are special cases of this model.
description: 06 pages
Possible charge analogues of spin transfer torques in bulk superconductors
Creators: name: Garate, Ion
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spin transfer torques (STT) occur when electric currents travel through inhomogeneously magnetized systems and are important for the motion of magnetic textures such as domain walls. Since superconductors are easy-plane ferromagnets in particle-hole (charge) space, it is natural to ask whether any charge duals of STT phenomena exist therein. We find that the superconducting analogue of the adiabatic STT vanishes in a bulk superconductor with a momentum-independent order parameter, while the superconducting counterpart of the nonadiabatic STT does not vanish. This nonvanishing superconducting torque is induced by heat (rather than charge) currents and acts on the charge (rather than spin) degree of freedom. It can become significant in the vicinity of the superconducting transition temperature, where it generates a net quasiparticle charge and alters the dispersion and linewidth of low-frequency collective modes.
description: 6 pages + appendices ; submitted to PRB
Procedural Content Generation in Games: A Survey with Insights on Emerging LLM Integration
Creators: name: Maleki, Mahdi Farrokhi
name: Zhao, Richard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Procedural Content Generation (PCG) is defined as the automatic creation of game content using algorithms. PCG has a long history in both the game industry and the academic world. It can increase player engagement and ease the work of game designers. While recent advances in deep learning approaches in PCG have enabled researchers and practitioners to create more sophisticated content, it is the arrival of Large Language Models (LLMs) that truly disrupted the trajectory of PCG advancement.
 This survey explores the differences between various algorithms used for PCG, including search-based methods, machine learning-based methods, other frequently used methods (e.g., noise functions), and the newcomer, LLMs. We also provide a detailed discussion on combined methods. Furthermore, we compare these methods based on the type of content they generate and the publication dates of their respective papers. Finally, we identify gaps in the existing academic work and suggest possible directions for future research.
Enhancing Two-Player Performance Through Single-Player Knowledge Transfer: An Empirical Study on Atari 2600 Games
Creators: name: Saadat, Kimiya
name: Zhao, Richard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Playing two-player games using reinforcement learning and self-play can be challenging due to the complexity of two-player environments and the possible instability in the training process. We propose that a reinforcement learning algorithm can train more efficiently and achieve improved performance in a two-player game if it leverages the knowledge from the single-player version of the same game. This study examines the proposed idea in ten different Atari 2600 environments using the Atari 2600 RAM as the input state. We discuss the advantages of using transfer learning from a single-player training process over training in a two-player setting from scratch, and demonstrate our results in a few measures such as training time and average total reward. We also discuss a method of calculating RAM complexity and its relationship to performance.
Dynamic Massive Star Formation: Radio Flux Variability in UCHII Regions
Creators: name: Yang, A. Y.
name: Thompson, M. A.
name: Urquhart, J. S.
name: Brunthaler, A.
name: Menten, K. M.
name: Gong, Y.
name: Tsai, Chao-Wei
name: Patel, A. L.
name: Li, D.
name: Cotton, W. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context:
 Theoretical models of early accretion during the formation process of massive stars have predicted that HII regions exhibit radio variability on timescales of decades. However, large-scale searches for such temporal variations with sufficient sensitivity have not yet been carried out.
 Aims:
 We aim to identify HII regions with variable radio wavelength fluxes and to investigate the properties of the identified objects, especially those with the highest level of variability.
 Methods:
 We compared the peak flux densities of 86 ultracompact HII (UCHII) regions measured by the GLOSTAR and CORNISH surveys and identified variables that show flux variations higher than 30% over ~8 yr timespan between these surveys.
 Results:
 We found a sample of 38 variable UCHII regions, which is the largest sample identified to date. The overall occurrence of variability is 44$\pm$5%, suggesting that variation in UCHII regions is significantly more common than prediction.
 The variable UCHII regions are found to be younger than non-variable UCHII regions, all of them meeting the size criterion of hypercompact (HC) HII regions. We studied the 7 UCHII regions (the ``Top7'') that show the highest variability with variations > 100%.
 The Top7 variable UCHII regions are optically thick at 4--8 GHz and compact, suggesting they are in a very early evolutionary stage of HCHII or UCHII regions. There is a significant correlation between variability and the spectral index of the radio emission. No dependence is observed between the variations and the properties of the sources' natal clumps traced by submillimeter continuum emission from dust, although variable HII regions are found in clumps at an earlier evolutionary stage.
description: 11pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Interpreting the peak structures around 1800 MeV in the BES data on $J/Ψ\to ϕπ^+ π^-$, $J/Ψ\to γωϕ$
Creators: name: Khemchandani, K. P.
name: Torres, A. Martinez
name: Nielsen, M.
name: Navarra, F. S.
name: Jido, D.
name: Hosaka, A.
name: Oset, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this talk we present an interpretation for the experimental data available on two different processes, namely, $J/Ψ\to ϕπ^+ π^-$, $J/Ψ\to γωϕ$, which seem to indicate existence of two new resonances with the same quantum numbers ($J^{πc}=0^{++}, I = 0$) and very similar mass (~1800 MeV) but with very different decay properties. However, our studies show that the peak structure found in the $ωϕ$ invariant mass, in $J/Ψ\to γωϕ$, is a manifestation of the well known $f_0(1710)$ while the cross section enhancement found in $J/Ψ\to ϕπ^+ π^-$ is indeed a new $f_0$ resonance with mass near 1800 MeV. We present an explanation for the different decay properties of these two scalar resonances.
description: Proceedings for the nuclear physics meeting ("XXXVI Reuni\~ao de trabalho sobre f\'isica nuclear no Brasil") held in Maresias during Sept. 1-5. To be published as AIP proceedings
Static detectors and circular-geodesic detectors on the Schwarzschild black hole
Creators: name: Hodgkinson, Lee
name: Louko, Jorma
name: Ottewill, Adrian C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the response of an Unruh-DeWitt particle detector coupled to a massless scalar field on the (3+1)-dimensional Schwarzschild spacetime, in the Boulware, Hartle-Hawking and Unruh states, for static detectors and detectors on circular geodesics, by primarily numerical methods. For the static detector, the response in the Hartle-Hawking state exhibits the known thermality at the local Hawking temperature, and the response in the Unruh state is thermal at the local Hawking temperature in the limit of a large detector energy gap. For the circular-geodesic detector, we find evidence of thermality in the limit of a large energy gap for the Hartle-Hawking and Unruh states, at a temperature that exceeds the Doppler-shifted local Hawing temperature. Detailed quantitative comparisons between the three states are given. The response in the Hartle-Hawking state is compared with the response in the Minkowski vacuum and in the Minkowski thermal state for the corresponding Rindler, drifted Rindler, and circularly accelerated trajectories. The analysis takes place within first-order perturbation theory and relies in an essential way on stationarity.
description: 53 pages, several figures. v2: correspondence with [28] clarified. v3: improved figures, minor clarifications. Published version
Prethermal Floquet time crystals in chiral multiferroic chains and applications as quantum sensors of AC fields
Creators: name: Shukla, Rohit Kumar
name: Chotorlishvili, Levan
name: Mishra, Sunil K.
name: Iemini, Fernando
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the emergence of prethermal Floquet Time Crystal (pFTC) in disordered chiral multiferroic chains. The model is an extension of the usual periodically driven nearest-neighbor disordered Heisenberg chain, with additional next-nearest-neighbor Heisenberg couplings and DMI interactions due to external magnetic and electric couplings. We derive the phase diagram of the model, characterizing the magnetization, entanglement, and coherence dynamics of the system along the extended interactions. In addition, we explore the application of the pFTC as quantum sensors of AC fields. The sensor performance to estimate small AC fields is quantified through the quantum Fisher information (QFI) measure. The sensor offers several advantages as compared to those composed of non-interacting spins due to its intrinsic robustness, long coherent interrogation time, and many-body correlations. Specifically, the sensor can overcome the standard quantum limit ($\rm{SQL} \sim N t^2$) during the prethermal regime, reaching an optimum performance at the pFTC lifetime $t^*$, where the $\rm{QFI}/Nt^{*^2} \sim N^α$ with $α> 0$, scaling superlinarly with the number of spins. Different from \text{full} FTCs, the prethermal lifetime does not diverge in the thermodynamic limit, nevertheless it can be increasingly long with tuning system parameters.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures
ABS-NET: Fully Decentralized Runtime Adaptation for Distributed Objects
Creators: name: Palmskog, Karl
name: Dam, Mads
name: Lundblad, Andreas
name: Jafari, Ali
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present a formalized, fully decentralized runtime semantics for a core subset of ABS, a language and framework for modelling distributed object-oriented systems. The semantics incorporates an abstract graph representation of a network infrastructure, with network endpoints represented as graph nodes, and links as arcs with buffers, corresponding to OSI layer 2 interconnects. The key problem we wish to address is how to allocate computational tasks to nodes so that certain performance objectives are met. To this end, we use the semantics as a foundation for performing network-adaptive task execution via object migration between nodes. Adaptability is analyzed in terms of three Quality of Service objectives: node load, arc load and message latency. We have implemented the key parts of our semantics in a simulator and evaluated how well objectives are achieved for some application-relevant choices of network topology, migration procedure and ABS program. The evaluation suggests that it is feasible in a decentralized setting to continually meet both the objective of a node-balanced task allocation and make headway towards minimizing communication, and thus arc load and message latency.
description: In Proceedings ICE 2013, arXiv:1310.4019
Impact of the observation frequency coverage on the significance of a gravitational wave background detection in PTA data
Creators: name: Ferranti, Irene
name: Falxa, Mikel
name: Sesana, Alberto
name: Chalumeau, Aurelien
name: Porayko, Nataliya
name: Shaifullah, Golam
name: Cognard, Ismael
name: Guillemot, Lucas
name: Kramer, Michael
name: Liu, Kuo
name: Theureau, Gilles
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Pulsar Timing Array (PTA) collaborations gather high-precision timing measurements of pulsars with the aim of detecting gravitational wave (GW) signals. A major challenge lies in the identification and characterization of the different sources of noise that may hamper their sensitivity to GWs. The presence of time-correlated noise that resembles the target signal might give rise to degeneracies that can directly impact the detection statistics. In this work, we focus on the covariance that exists between a "chromatic" dispersion measure (DM) noise and an "achromatic" stochastic gravitational wave background (GWB). "Chromatic" associated to the DM noise means that its amplitude depends on the frequency of the incoming pulsar photons measured by the radio-telescope. Several frequency channels are then required to accurately characterise its chromatic features and when the coverage of incoming frequency is poor, it becomes impossible to disentangle chromatic and achromatic noise contributions. In this paper, we explore this situation by injecting realistic GWB into 100 realizations of two mock versions of the second data release (DR2) of the European PTA (EPTA), characterized by different frequency coverage. The first dataset is a faithful copy of DR2, in which the first half of the data is dominated by only one frequency channel of observation; the second one is identical except for a more homogeneous frequency coverage across the full dataset. We show that for 91% of the injections, a better frequency coverage leads to an improved statistical significance (~1.3dex higher log Bayes factor on average) of the GWB and a better characterization of its properties. We propose a metric to quantify the degeneracy between DM and GWB parameters and show that it is correlated with a loss of significance for the recovered GWB and an increase in the GWB bias towards a higher and flatter spectral shape.
On Hop-Constrained Steiner Trees in Tree-Like Metrics
Creators: name: Böhm, Martin
name: Hoeksma, Ruben
name: Megow, Nicole
name: Nölke, Lukas
name: Simon, Bertrand
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We consider the problem of computing a Steiner tree of minimum cost under a hop constraint which requires the depth of the tree to be at most $k$. Our main result is an exact algorithm for metrics induced by graphs with bounded treewidth that runs in time $n^{O(k)}$. For the special case of a path, we give a simple algorithm that solves the problem in polynomial time, even if $k$ is part of the input. The main result can be used to obtain, in quasi-polynomial time, a near-optimal solution that violates the $k$-hop constraint by at most one hop for more general metrics induced by graphs of bounded highway dimension and bounded doubling dimension. For non-metric graphs, we rule out an $o(\log n)$-approximation, assuming P$\neq$NP even when relaxing the hop constraint by any additive constant.
Magnetocrystalline anisotropy energy of Fe$(001)$, Fe$(110)$ slabs and nanoclusters: a detailed local analysis within a tight-binding model
Creators: name: Li, Dongzhe
name: Smogunov, Alexander
name: Barreteau, Cyrille
name: Ducastelle, Francois
name: Spanjaard, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report tight-binding (TB) calculations of magnetocrystalline anisotropy energy (MAE) of Iron slabs and nanoclusters with a particuler focus on local analysis. After clarifying various concepts and formulations for the determination of MAE, we apply our realistic TB model to the analysis of the magnetic anisotropy of Fe$(001)$, Fe$(110)$ slabs and of two large Fe clusters with $(001)$ and $(110)$ facets only: a truncated pyramid and a truncated bipyramid containg 620 and 1096 atoms, respectively. It is shown that the MAE of slabs originates mainly from outer layers, a small contribution from the bulk gives rise, however, to an oscillatory behavior for large thicknesses. Interestingly, the MAE of the nanoclusters considered is almost solely due to $(001)$ facets and the base perimeter of the pyramid. We believe that this fact could be used to efficiently control the anisotropy of Iron nanoparticles and could also have consequences on their spin dynamics.
Using the principle of systemic integration to interpret war crimes in the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court
Creators: name: Thomsen, M
Publisher: name: University of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: This thesis argues that judges of the International Criminal Court ('ICC') should interpret the definition of crimes in the Rome Statute consistently with customary international law, as stipulated by the 'principle of systemic integration' in article 31(3)(c) of the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties. There are three normative assumptions behind this argument. First, compliance with the principle of systemic integration will lead to greater consistency in judicial reasoning across ICC Chambers than is currently the case. Second, it will promote the ICC as a model international court whose decisions represent authoritative interpretations of customary international law, simultaneously preventing the unnecessary fragmentation of international criminal law. Third, it will facilitate the legitimate, incremental development of the law in accordance with the evolving practice and legal opinion of states. This thesis seeks to substantiate each of these normative assumptions through empirical research, qualitative case analysis, hermeneutic reasoning, and legal argumentation.While there is already strong academic support for using customary international law as an obligatory interpretive aid in the interpretation of the Rome Statute, there are significant gaps in the literature that this thesis aims to fill. To begin with, there are no empirical analyses of ICC jurisprudence to determine the extent of its compliance with the principle of systemic integration. Furthermore, there remains debate over the methodology used to identify rules of customary international law (particularly in the international criminal context) and there have been no attempts to apply the International Law Commission's 2018 Draft Conclusions on Identification of Customary International Law to the ICC context. Finally, there are no case studies examining what ICC compliance with the principle of systemic integration might look like in practice.This thesis demonstrates that the ICC has been reluctant to comply with the principle of systemic integration. It provides an original contribution to the debate on how to identify customary rules in the international criminal context and builds on existing proposals for using custom as an obligatory aid when interpreting the definition of crimes. To illustrate this approach, this thesis focuses on the impact of using customary international humanitarian law to interpret war crimes under article 8 of the Rome Statute and provides a three-part case study on interpreting the war crime of denying a fair trial in the context of a non-international armed conflict.
Backreacted Coulomb energy in the Skyrme model
Creators: name: Gudnason, Sven Bjarke
name: Speight, James Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Skyrme model is extended with the Maxwell action and a source term for the gauge field. We consider the specialized case of vanishing isospin states, such that only an electric potential is turned on and study the backreaction onto the Skyrme fields. In particular, we study Skyrmions with baryon numbers B=4,8,12,16 and 40. We find, in agreement with physical expectations, that the Coulomb backreaction is most pronounced for large Skyrmions and find furthermore that the dynamics of the theory is more sensitive to the backreaction than the ground states (global minimizers of the energy). Calibrating the model to Carbon-12, we find excellent agreement of the masses of the studied Skyrmions - within 1.86% of experimental data. The Coulomb energies are slightly larger than phenomenological fits suggest, but only by about 3-22%, whereas the radii are within 15% errors, with the largest errors on the smallest baryon number (B=4) and the smallest errors on the large baryon numbers.
description: LaTeX: 40+20 pages, 49 figures; V2: comment added and typos corrected
Zero-Hopf bifurcation in a 3-D jerk system
Creators: name: Braun, Francisco
name: Mereu, Ana C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider the 3-D system defined by the jerk equation $\dddot{x} = -a \ddot{x} + x \dot{x}^2 -x^3 -b x + c \dot{x}$, with $a, b, c\in \mathbb{R}$. When $a=b=0$ and $c < 0$ the equilibrium point localized at the origin is a zero-Hopf equilibrium. We analyse the zero-Hopf Bifurcation that occur at this point when we persuade a quadratic perturbation of the coefficients, and prove that one, two or three periodic orbits can born when the parameter of the perturbation goes to $0$.