cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Designing a polymerized phenalenyl tessellation molecule to realize a super-honeycomb antiferromagnetic S = 3/2 spin system
Creators: name: Komatsu, Kenshin
name: Morishita, Naoki
name: Kitatani, Motoharu
name: Kusakabe, Koichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a multiply hydrogenated polymer of phenalenyl tessellation molecules (PTMs), spatially overlapping zero modes appear, and three spin-aligned electron spins per PTM are generated through direct exchange interactions in the strongly correlated electron system. This interaction was used to design a two-dimensional (2D) $S = 3/2$ Heisenberg spin system on a honeycomb lattice. Simulations of the electronic structure using density functional theory with the Wannierization method revealed an array of nonbonding molecular orbitals (zero modes) in the hydrogenated nanographene structure. Our analysis of the onsite interaction strength indicated that each zero mode was half-filled with a spin-active electron owing to electron correlation effects. The low-energy subspace of the resulting zero mode-tight-binding model suggests the formation of a 2D antiferromagnetic $S = 3/2$ Heisenberg system with an entangled quantum spin ground state.
Radiation reaction and gravitational waves in the effective field theory approach
Creators: name: Galley, Chad R.
name: Tiglio, Manuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the contribution to the Lagrangian from the leading order (2.5 post-Newtonian) radiation reaction and the quadrupolar gravitational waves emitted from a binary system using the effective field theory (EFT) approach of Goldberger and Rothstein. We use an initial value formulation of the underlying (quantum) framework to implement retarded boundary conditions and describe these real-time dissipative processes. We also demonstrate why the usual scattering formalism of quantum field theory inadequately accounts for these. The methods discussed here should be useful for deriving real-time quantities (including radiation reaction forces and gravitational wave emission) and hereditary terms in the post-Newtonian approximation (including memory, tail and other causal, history-dependent integrals) within the EFT approach. We also provide a consistent formulation of the radiation sector in the equivalent effective field theory approach of Kol and Smolkin.
description: 23 pages, 8 figures
Accuracy and Stability of CUR decompositions with Oversampling
Creators: name: Park, Taejun
name: Nakatsukasa, Yuji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 15A23, 65F55, 65G50

description: This work investigates the accuracy and numerical stability of CUR decompositions with oversampling. The CUR decomposition approximates a matrix using a subset of columns and rows of the matrix. When the number of columns and the rows are the same, the CUR decomposition can become unstable and less accurate due to the presence of the matrix inverse in the core matrix. Nevertheless, we demonstrate that the CUR decomposition can be implemented in a numerical stable manner and illustrate that oversampling, which increases either the number of columns or rows in the CUR decomposition, can enhance its accuracy and stability. Additionally, this work devises an algorithm for oversampling motivated by the theory of the CUR decomposition and the cosine-sine decomposition, whose competitiveness is illustrated through experiments.
description: 31 pages, 4 figures
Additional file 2 of CL-ACP: a parallel combination of CNN and LSTM anticancer peptide recognition model
Creators: name: Wang, Huiqing
name: Zhao, Jian
name: Zhao, Hong
name: Li, Haolin
name: Wang, Juan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biochemistry
Biotechnology
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Information Systems not elsewhere classified
Cancer

description: Additional file 2. Table S1. The results of CL-ACP using multiple numbers of head on the benchmark datasets.
Discovery of Pulsations from the Pulsar J0205+6449 in SNR 3C 58 with the Fermi Gamma-Ray Space Telescope
Creators: name: Fermi LAT Collaboration
name: Consortium, Fermi Pulsar Timing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the discovery of gamma-ray pulsations (> 0.1 GeV) from the young radio and X-ray pulsar PSR J0205+6449 located in the Galactic supernova remnant 3C 58. Data in the gamma-ray band were acquired by the Large Area Telescope aboard the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope (formerly GLAST), while the radio rotational ephemeris used to fold gamma-rays was obtained using both the Green Bank Telescope and the Lovell telescope at Jodrell Bank. The light curve consists of two peaks separated by 0.49 +/- 0.01 +/- 0.01 cycles which are aligned with the X-ray peaks. The first gamma-ray peak trails the radio pulse by 0.08 +/- 0.01 +/- 0.01, while its amplitude decreases with increasing energy as for the other gamma-ray pulsars. Spectral analysis of the pulsed gamma-ray emission suggests a simple power law of index -2.1 +/- 0.1 +/- 0.2 with an exponential cut-off at 3.0 +1.1 -0.7 +/- 0.4 GeV. The first uncertainty is statistical and the second is systematic. The integral gamma-ray photon flux above 0.1 GeV is (13.7 +/- 1.4 +/- 3.0) x 10^(-8) /cm2/s, which implies for a distance of 3.2 kpc and assuming a broad fan-like beam a luminosity of 8.3 x 10^(34) ergs/s and an efficiency eta of 0.3%. Finally, we report a 95% upper limit on the flux of 1.7 x 10^(-8) /cm2/s for off-pulse emission from the object.
description: 7 pages, 1 figure, accepted for publication in Astrophysical Journal Letters, contact author: Damien Parent
Anomalous Quantum Diffusion in Order-Disorder Separated Double Quantum Ring
Creators: name: Maiti, Santanu K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A novel feature for control of carrier mobility is explored in an order-disorder separated double quantum ring, where the two rings thread different magnetic fluxes. Here we use simple tight-binding formulation to describe the system. In our model, the two rings are connected through a single bond and one of the rings is subjected to impurity, keeping the other ring as impurity free. In the strong impurity regime, the electron diffusion length increases with the increase of the impurity strength, while it decreases in the weak impurity regime. This phenomenon is completely opposite to that of a conventional disordered double quantum ring, where the electron diffusion length always decreases with the increase of the disorder strength.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures
32047: Drama in lockdown
Creators: name: Project, Lockdown2020 and Beyond
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 479999
subject: Other language, communication and culture not elsewhere classified

description: The lockdown has really hit the creative arts industry. The Oxford Playhouse, Pegasus Theatre, Burton-Taylor and other venues are all shut. There will probably be no Shakespeare season this summer with stages in the Bodleian Library, the Business School, college lawns. Many actors are without work, drama competitions have stopped receiving new submissions, and nobody knows what the next year will bring. Will theatres reopen across the city? Will we even have a panto this year?
Factors affecting the evolution of sex ratios and overwintering strategies in the alder bark beetle, Alniphagus aspericollis, in British Columbia
Creators: name: Holt, Taylor
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2024

description: The alder bark beetle, Alniphagus aspericollis, is a hardwood-infesting bark beetle that attacks the bole of its host tree, red alder, Alnus rubra, and overwinters in branch-nodes as adults. This unique overwintering behaviour allows the investigation into drivers of lifecycle idiosyncrasies based on knowledge of other bark beetle systems. I chose to investigate the population structure and overwintering behaviours of the alder bark beetle, focusing on female-bias and branch- versus bole-overwintering sites, respectively. Beetles were collected from four sites in southwestern British Columbia. Sampling occurred in subcortical, bole-emerging, and branch-overwintering locations to collect beetles at various life stages and cohorts. For the population structure of the alder bark beetle, I hypothesized that a female-bias exists, driven by local mate competition and detected by sib-mating underneath the bark. This is further reinforced by size dimorphic, smaller males to be able to maximize the number of large, ovipositing females in the subcortical tissues. For alder bark beetle overwintering, I hypothesized that the observed branch-overwintering behaviour has evolved due to a heightened threat of mortality in the bole, facilitating rapid development to avoid entomopathogenic micro-organisms underneath the bark of natal host trees. Supporting my prediction for a female bias, the alder bark beetle population was found to have an average female proportion of 67%, with partial evidence towards sib-mating within the bole. Also, males were found to be smaller than females by 5%, a selection for smaller bodies to allow for more females to reside in the subcortical tissue. Branch-overwintering beetles were found to intercept the entomopathogen Beauveria more frequently in the bole than in the branches, with branch-overwintering beetles smaller in size than bole-overwintering beetles. Alder bark beetles in branch-overwintering sites were also found to be feeding throughout the winter, a strategy not commonly performed due to the mortality risks associated with increasing ice nucleation, leading to internal ice crystal formation. These results significantly improve the knowledge surrounding the alder bark beetle’s lifecycle, which is important as this beetle has the potential to cause widescale damage on riparian ecosystems through red alder mortality; a tree important for soil stability and nitrogen-fixation.
Similar outcome with a new anteverted or a straight standard stem: a randomized study of 72 total hip arthroplasties evaluated with clinical variables, radiostereometry, and DXA up to 2 years
Creators: name: Rilby, Karin
name: Mohaddes, Maziar
name: Nauclér, Emma
name: Kärrholm, Johan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Background and purpose — The anatomical uncemented stem, SP-CL (Static Physiologicus – CementLess), designed to facilitate insertion and to avoid stress concentration at solitary contact points, has been on the market since 2014 but is not well documented. We studied its clinical performance, migration, and associated bone remodeling in a randomized controlled trial, with the Corail stem as control. Patients and methods — 79 patients (80 hips) were primarily recruited and 71 patients (72 hips, 36 SP-CL, 36 Corail) attended the last follow-up at 2 years. The Oxford Hip Score (OHS) was the primary outcome. In addition, we assessed stem migration, changes in bone mineral density, and development of radiolucencies by RSA, DXA, and conventional radiography. Results — At 2 years Oxford Hip Score was similar between the SP-CL and Corail stem. At 2 years the SP-CL stems showed a median distal migration of 0.23 mm (–0.1 to 5.2) and the Corail stems of 0.11 mm (–0.4 to 4.4). The SP-CL stems showed slightly more loss of bone mineral density in Gruen region 7 (p = 0.003). Interpretation — We found no difference in clinical results between the SP-CL and the well-documented Corail stem. The same stem stability was reached between 1 and 2 years postoperatively for both stems. As a next step we think that the SP-CL stem should be studied in a multi-center setting, before being accepted for general use.
N3C Results Download Policy
Creators: name: Walden, Anita
name: Chute, Chris
name: Suver, Christine
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: governance
rwd data

description: Investigators using the rich data compiled in the N3C Data Enclave are expected to generate quantitative results in the forms of tables, figures, parameter estimates, and aggregated statistics. These results may have broad impact and will be shared, typically in the form of manuscripts, reports, and visualizations for websites and seminars. Additionally, many artifacts such as workflows, value sets, and phenotyping algorithms may be developed in the Enclave and made useful to others by being exported for presentation on public websites such as GitHub, or incorporated as supplementary materials to publications. The purpose of this policy is to establish a process to permit the download of quantitative artifacts used in analyses that are necessary for sharing results, while at the same time ensuring protection and security of the data in the Enclave and compliance with the NCATS Data Transfer and Data Use Agreements.
description: Version 1 available at 10.5281/zenodo.4743235
Quantum-like states on complex synchronized networks
Creators: name: Scholes, Gregory D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent work has exposed the idea that interesting quantum-like probability laws, including interference effects, can be manifest in classical systems. Here we propose a model for quantum-like (QL) states and QL bits. We suggest a way that huge, complex systems can host robust states that can process information in a QL fashion. Axioms that such states should satisfy are proposed. Specifically, it is shown that building blocks suited for QL states are networks, possibly very complex, that we defined based on $k$-regular random graphs. These networks can dynamically encode a lot of information that is distilled into the emergent states we can use for QL like processing. Although the emergent states are classical, they have properties analogous to quantum states. Concrete examples of how QL functions are possible are given. The possibility of a `QL advantage' for computing-type operations and the potential relevance for new kinds of function in the brain are discussed and left as open questions.
Polarization Observables in Deuteron Photodisintegration below 360 MeV
Creators: name: Glister, J.
name: Ron, G.
name: Lee, B. W.
name: Gilman, R.
name: Sarty, A. J.
name: Strauch, S.
name: Higinbotham, D. W.
name: Piasetzky, E.
name: Allada, K.
name: Armstrong, W.
name: Arrington, J.
name: Beck, A.
name: Benmokhtar, F.
name: Berman, B. L.
name: Boeglin, W.
name: Brash, E.
name: Camsonne, A.
name: Calarco, J.
name: Chen, J. P.
name: Choi, Seonho
name: Chudakov, E.
name: Coman, L.
name: Craver, B.
name: Cusanno, F.
name: Dumas, J.
name: Dutta, C.
name: Feuerbach, R.
name: Freyberger, A.
name: Frullani, S.
name: Garibaldi, F.
name: Hansen, J. -0.
name: Holmstrom, T.
name: Hyde, C. E.
name: Ibrahim, H.
name: Ilieva, Y.
name: de Jager, C. W.
name: Jiang, X.
name: Jones, M. K.
name: Kang, H.
name: Kelleher, A.
name: Khrosinkova, E.
name: Kuchina, E.
name: Kumbartzki, G.
name: LeRose, J. J.
name: Lindgren, R.
name: Markowitz, P.
name: Beck, S. May-Tal
name: McCullough, E.
name: Meekins, D.
name: Meziane, M.
name: Meziani, Z. -E.
name: Michaels, R.
name: Moffit, B.
name: Norum, B. E.
name: Oh, Y.
name: Olson, M.
name: Paolone, M.
name: Paschke, K.
name: Perdrisat, C. F.
name: Potokar, M.
name: Pomatsalyuk, R.
name: Pomerantz, I.
name: Puckett, A.
name: Punjabi, V.
name: Qian, X.
name: Qiang, Y.
name: Ransome, R.
name: Reyhan, M.
name: Roche, J.
name: Rousseau, Y.
name: Saha, A.
name: Sawatzky, B.
name: Schulte, E.
name: Shabestari, M.
name: Shahinyan, A.
name: Shneor, R.
name: Sirca, S.
name: Slifer, K.
name: Solvignon, P.
name: Song, J.
name: Sparks, R.
name: Subedi, R.
name: Urciuoli, G. M.
name: Wang, K.
name: Wojtsekhowski, B.
name: Yan, X.
name: Yao, H.
name: Zhan, X.
name: Zhu, X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High precision measurements of induced and transferred recoil proton polarization in d(polarized gamma, polarized p})n have been performed for photon energies of 277--357 MeV and theta_cm = 20 degrees -- 120 degrees. The measurements were motivated by a longstanding discrepancy between meson-baryon model calculations and data at higher energies. At the low energies of this experiment, theory continues to fail to reproduce the data, indicating that either something is missing in the calculations and/or there is a problem with the accuracy of the nucleon-nucleon potential being used.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures
The global gas and dust budget of the Large Magellanic Cloud: AGB stars and supernovae, and the impact on the ISM evolution
Creators: name: Matsuura, M.
name: Barlow, M. J.
name: Zijlstra, A. A.
name: Whitelock, P. A.
name: Cioni, M. -R. L.
name: Groenewegen, M. A. T.
name: Volk, K.
name: Kemper, F.
name: Kodama, T.
name: Lagadec, E.
name: Meixner, M.
name: Sloan, G. C.
name: Srinivasan, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on an analysis of the gas and dust budget in the the interstellar medium (ISM) of the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC). Recent observations from the Spitzer Space Telescope enable us to study the mid-infrared dust excess of asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars in the LMC. This is the first time we can quantitatively assess the gas and dust input from AGB stars over a complete galaxy, fully based on observations. The integrated mass-loss rate over all intermediate and high mass-loss rate carbon-rich AGB candidates in the LMC is 8.5x10^-3 solar mass per year, up to 2.1x10^-2 solar mass per year. This number could be increased up to 2.7x10^-2 solar mass per year, if oxygen-rich stars are included. This is overall consistent with theoretical expectations, considering the star formation rate when these low- and intermediate-mass stars where formed, and the initial mass functions. AGB stars are one of the most important gas sources in the LMC, with supernovae (SNe), which produces about 2-4x10^-2 solar mass per year. At the moment, the star formation rate exceeds the gas feedback from AGB stars and SNe in the LMC, and the current star formation depends on gas already present in the ISM. This suggests that as the gas in the ISM is exhausted, the star formation rate will eventually decline in the LMC, unless gas is supplied externally. Our estimates suggest `a missing dust-mass problem' in the LMC, which is similarly found in high-z galaxies: the accumulated dust mass from AGB stars and possibly SNe over the dust life time (400--800 Myrs) is significant less than the dust mass in the ISM. Another dust source is required, possibly related to star-forming regions.
description: Accepted for MNRAS (full Table 1 is included in other format)
Molecular markers for cervical cancer screening
Creators: name: Güzel, Coşkun
name: van Sten-van’t Hoff, Jenny
name: de Kok, Inge M.C.M.
name: Govorukhina, Natalia I.
name: Boychenko, Alexander
name: Luider, Theo M.
name: Bischoff, Rainer
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: This review gives an overview of current screening practices for cervical cancer. In the introduction, we will cover approaches of population screening focusing on high-risk Human Papilloma Virus (hrHPV) and the need for a better triage assay. We will further assess the impact of current vaccination programs on screening. Subsequently, the review will cover various technological aspects of nucleic acid- and protein-based biomarker assays. We will then detail different molecular markers in view of their use in triage assays, emphasizing epigenetic and protein markers. Finally, we will place this in the context of cost-effectiveness considerations in view of their implementation in high- as well as in low- to middle-income countries. Cervical cancer remains a significant healthcare problem, notably in low- to middle-income countries. While a negative test for hrHPV has a predictive value of more than 99.5%, its positive predictive value is less than 10% for CIN2+ stages. This makes the use of a so-called triage test indispensable for population-based screening to avoid referring women, that are ultimately at low risk of developing cervical cancer, to a gynecologist. This review will give an overview of tests that are based on epigenetic marker panels and protein markers. There is a medical need for molecular markers with a better predictive value to discriminate hrHPV-positive women that are at risk of developing cervical cancer from those that are not. Areas covered are epigenetic and protein markers as well as health economic considerations in view of the fact that most cases of cervical cancer arise in low-to-middle-income countries. While there are biomarker assays based on changes at the nucleic acid (DNA methylation patterns, miRNAs) and at the protein level, they are not widely used in population screening. Combining nucleic acid-based and protein-based tests could improve the overall specificity for discriminating CIN2+ lesions that carry a low risk of progressing to cervical cancer within the screening interval from those that carry an elevated risk. The challenge is to reduce unnecessary referrals without an undesired increase in false-negative diagnoses resulting in cases of cervical cancer that could have been prevented. A further challenge is to develop tests for low-and middle-income countries, which is critical to reduce the worldwide burden of cervical cancer.
Cosmological constraints on mass-varying dark matter
Creators: name: Chakraborty, Amlan
name: Das, Anirban
name: Das, Subinoy
name: Sethi, Shiv K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As one of the fundamental unknowns of our Universe, the mass of dark matter remains to be a topic of great interest. We consider the possibility of a time-variation of the dark matter mass. We study the cosmological constraints on a model where the dark matter mass transitions from zero to a finite value in the early Universe. In this model, the matter power spectrum exhibits power suppression below a certain scale that depends on the epoch of transition, and the angular power spectrum of the cosmic microwave background shows a distinctive phase shift and power suppression at small scales. We use the latest cosmic microwave background data and the $S_8$ priors from weak lensing data to place a lower limit on the transition redshift. We also find that the data from the ACT show a mild preference for the mass-varying dark matter model over $Λ$CDM.
description: 13 pages, 7 figures, Additional analysis included with different priors and datasets. Accepted for Publication in Physical Review D
Versatile neural approaches to more accurate and robust topic segmentation
Creators: name: Xing, Linzi
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2024

description: Topic segmentation, as a fundamental NLP task, has been proposed and systematically studied since the 1980s and received increased attention in recent years due to the surge in big data. It aims to unveil the coarse-grained semantic structure of long unstructured documents by automatically dividing them into shorter, topically coherent segments.The coarse-grained structure provided by topic segmentation has been proven to not only enhance human reading efficiency but also play a vital role in other natural language understanding tasks, such as text summarization, question answering, and dialogue modeling. Before the neural era, early computational models for topic segmentation typically adhered to unsupervised paradigms with lexical cohesion directly derived from the input, yet their performance was notably limited. With the evolution of deep learning and enhanced computational capabilities, neural models have delivered significant progress in performance. Nevertheless, inadequate coherence modeling, in terms of both explicitness and reliability in these neural approaches, prevents them from emerging as more accurate and robust solutions for topic segmentation. Additionally, the growing prevalence of multi-modal data content across social media platforms has heightened the need for topic segmentation to traverse beyond mere text, extending into videos. Motivated by the challenges and needs mentioned above, in this thesis, we direct our efforts towards enhancing neural topic segmentation for two types of documents: text and video. To overcome the inadequate coherence modeling (explicitness and reliability) in neural topic segmenters for text, we propose a series of methods that either more explicitly model coherence patterns or leverage coherence signals encoded in related auxiliary tasks, notably discourse parsing and language modeling. For video content, we explore to extend neural topic segmenters, originally designed for text, into a multi-modal setting which is also robust to the often-encountered drastic variance in video length. A comprehensive set of experimental results indicates that our methods not only effectively enhance the overall performance of neural segmenters for text and video in intra-domain scenarios, but also broaden their applicability to data in other domains.
Social media and social wellbeing in later life
Creators: name: Quinn, Kelly
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Social wellbeing is important to health, but maintaining social relations often becomes difficult in later life due to retirement, chronic disease, and the death of spouses and friends. Social media platforms, such as Facebook and Twitter, present accessible and low-cost communication technologies that have been demonstrated to enhance feelings of social connection and reduce loneliness in younger age groups. This exploratory study uses a four-week social media training workshop as an intervention in a randomised controlled study to examine whether similar social benefits might be realised for those at older ages, aged 65+ years. Social wellbeing measures of social capital, loneliness, social connectedness and social provisions were examined, revealing only small differences in social integration. As these findings seemingly contradict studies conducted with younger persons, the contexts of social media use in older adulthood are discussed, along with proposals for future research directions.
Heavy Quark Effects in the Virtual Photon Structure Functions
Creators: name: Kitadono, Yoshio
name: Sasaki, Ken
name: Ueda, Takahiro
name: Uematsu, Tsuneo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the heavy quark mass effects in the virtual photon structure functions $F_{2}^γ(x, Q^2, P^2)$ and $F_{L}^γ(x, Q^2, P^2)$ in the framework of the mass-independent renormalization group equation (RGE). We study a formalism in which the heavy quark mass effects are treated based on parton picture as well as on the operator product expansion (OPE), and perform the numerical evaluation of $F_{\rm eff}^γ(x, Q^2, P^2)$ to the next-leading order (NLO) in QCD.
description: 19 pages, LaTeX, 4 eps figures, PTPTeX
Anomalous Landau damping and algebraic thermalization in two-dimensional superfluids far from equilibrium
Creators: name: Duval, Clément
name: Cherroret, Nicolas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a quantitative description of the thermalization dynamics of far-from-equilibrium, two-dimensional (2D) Bose superfluids. Our analysis leverages a quantum kinetic formalism and allows us to identify two successive regimes of relaxation: an initial damping of quasi-particles due to Landau scattering processes, followed by the slower establishment of a global equilibrium at long time. For a far-from-equilibrium initial state, we find that Landau damping differs from the conventional picture of exponentially relaxing quasi-particles. Moreover, our results showcase a pronounced mechanism of algebraic transport at late times, rooted in energy conservation and compatible with 2D diffusion. Using theoretical and numerical arguments, we construct a detailed dynamical portrait of global equilibration in 2D superfluids.
title: Burst-like shape memory recovery and calorimetric effect in Cu-Al-Ni alloy single crystals at cyclic test
Creators: name: Guzilova, L.I.
name: Nikolaev, V.I.
name: Yakushev, P.N.
name: Stepanov, S.I.
name: Timashov, R.B.
name: Chikiryaka, A.V.
name: Pulnev, S.A.
Publisher: name: Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University
Year: 2020

description: Here we report on compressive stress-strain behavior, ordinary and burst-like shape
memory (SM) strain recovery, and associated caloric effects in Cu – 14.02% wt. Al – 4.0%
wt. Ni single crystals which have multiphase martensitic structure at room temperature. The
effect of repetitive thermo-mechanical cycling on the recovery of the shape memory
deformation is investigated. The stress-strain curves of the specimens are smooth in all tests.
Immediately after quenching, crystals exhibited burst-like strain recovery accompanied by the
jumping of the whole specimen in each deformation-recovery. After several days from
quenching, crystals showed weaker jumping which was also reducing with each thermomechanical cycle. The average values of the integral thermal effect remained the same from
cycle to cycle. Although the starting temperature of burst-like reverse martensitic
transformation stochastically varied from cycle to cycle, it showed a general tendency to
decrease with an increasing number of cycles until the burst-like effect disappears completely.
The heating rate does not significantly affect the position of the DSC peak. Low temperature
aging of the specimens resulted in the gradual weakening and disappearance of the burst-like
strain recovery. Thus, thermal treatment and loading regimes should be optimized for highcycle applications of Cu-Al-Ni alloys.
Search for Memory and Inspiral Gravitational Waves from Super-Massive Binary Black Holes with Pulsar Timing Arrays
Creators: name: Seto, Naoki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The merger of a super-massive binary black hole (SBBH) is one of the most extreme events in the universe with a huge amount of energy released by gravitational radiation. Although the characteristic gravitational wave (GW) frequency around the merger event is far higher than the nHz regime optimal for pulsar timing arrays (PTAs), nonlinear GW memory might be a critical smoking gun of the merger event detectable with PTAs. In this paper, basic aspects of this interesting observation are discussed for SBBHs, and the detection numbers of their memory and inspiral GWs are estimated for ongoing and planned PTAs. We find that the expected detection number would be smaller than unity for the two-types of signals even with the Square Kilometer Array. We also provide various scaling relations that would be useful to study detection probabilities of GWs from individual SBBHs with PTAs.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures
Mass Spectrometry-based Biomarkers for Knee Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review
Creators: name: Haartmans, Mirella J.J.
name: Emanuel, Kaj S.
name: Tuijthof, Gabrielle J.M.
name: Heeren, Ron M. A.
name: Emans, Pieter J.
name: Cillero-Pastor, Berta
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer

description: Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a joint disease, affecting multiple tissues in the joint. Early detection and intervention may delay OA development and avoid total knee arthroplasty. Specific biomarker profiles for early detection and guiding clinical decision-making of OA have not yet been identified. One technique that can contribute to the finding of this ‘OA biomarker’ is mass spectrometry (MS), which offers the possibility to analyze different molecules in tissues or fluids. Several proteomic, lipidomic, metabolomic and other – omic approaches aim to identify these molecular profiles; however, variation in methods and techniques complicate the finding of promising candidate biomarkers. In this systematic review, we aim to provide an overview of molecules in knee OA patients. Possible biomarkers in several tissue types of OA and non-OA patients, as well as current limitations and possible future suggestions will be discussed. According to this review, we do not believe one specific biomarker will function as predictive molecule for OA. Likely, a group of molecules will give insight in OA development and possible therapeutic targets. For clinical implementation of MS-analysis in clinical decision-making, standardized procedures, large cohort studies and sharing protocols and data is necessary.
Dimensional phase transitions in small Yukawa clusters
Creators: name: Sheridan, T. E.
name: Wells, K. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the one- to two-dimensional zigzag transition in clusters consisting of a small number of particles interacting through a Yukawa (Debye) potential and confined in a two-dimensional biharmonic potential well. Dusty (complex) plasma clusters with $n \le 19$ monodisperse particles are characterized experimentally for two different confining wells. The well anisotropy is accurately measured, and the Debye shielding parameter is determined from the longitudinal breathing frequency. Debye shielding is shown to be important. A model for this system is used to predict equilibrium particle configurations. The experiment and model exhibit excellent agreement. The critical value of $n$ for the zigzag transition is found to be less than that predicted for an unshielded Coulomb interaction. The zigzag transition is shown to behave as a continuous phase transition from a one-dimensional to a two-dimensional state, where the state variables are the number of particles, the well anisotropy and the Debye shielding parameter. A universal critical exponent for the zigzag transition is identified for transitions caused by varying the Debye shielding parameter.
description: 19 pages, 9 figures
title: Στατιστικές μέθοδοι έρευνας
title: Με εφαρμογή πιθανοτήτων στη λήψη αποφάσεων, θεωρία παιγνίων και αξιολόγηση επενδύσεων
titleType: AlternativeTitle
title: Στατιστικές μέθοδοι έρευνας
title: Με εφαρμογή πιθανοτήτων στη λήψη αποφάσεων, θεωρία παιγνίων και αξιολόγηση επενδύσεων
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Florou, Giannoula
Publisher: name: Kallipos, Open Academic Editions
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Στατιστική
subject: Μεθοδολογία έρευνας
subject: Ανάλυση δεδομένων
subject: Παλινδρόμηση
subject: Παραγοντική ανάλυση
subject: Αξιολόγηση επενδύσεων
subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Research methods
subject: Data analysis
subject: Regression
subject: Factor analysis
subject: Investement analysis

description: Παρουσίαση όλης της μεθοδολογίας συλλογής, ανάλυσης και εξαγωγής συμπερασμάτων από ποσοτικά ή ποιοτικά δεδομένα. Η έμφαση δίνεται στους τρόπους στατιστικής ανάλυσης ανάλογα με το είδος δεδομένων, μέσω του στατιστικού λογισμικού SPSS, κυρίως στην ερμηνεία των αποτελεσμάτων για την εξαγωγή αξιόπιστων συμπερασμάτων. Παρουσιάζονται επίσης η διαχρονική αξία του χρήματος, η χρήση των πιθανοτήτων στην λήψη αποφάσεων, η θεωρία παιγνίων και η αξιολόγηση επενδύσεων.
description: Παρουσίαση όλης της μεθοδολογίας συλλογής, ανάλυσης και εξαγωγής συμπερασμάτων από ποσοτικά ή ποιοτικά δεδομένα. Η έμφαση δίνεται στους τρόπους στατιστικής ανάλυσης ανάλογα με το είδος δεδομένων, μέσω του στατιστικού λογισμικού SPSS, κυρίως στην ερμηνεία των αποτελεσμάτων για την εξαγωγή αξιόπιστων συμπερασμάτων. Παρουσιάζονται επίσης η διαχρονική αξία του χρήματος, η χρήση των πιθανοτήτων στην λήψη αποφάσεων, η θεωρία παιγνίων και η αξιολόγηση επενδύσεων.
Retinal oscillations carry visual information to cortex
Creators: name: Koepsell, Kilian
name: Wang, Xin
name: Vaingankar, Vishal
name: Wei, Yichun
name: Wang, Qingbo
name: Rathbun, Daniel L.
name: Usrey, W. Martin
name: Hirsch, Judith A.
name: Sommer, Friedrich T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Thalamic relay cells fire action potentials that transmit information from retina to cortex. The amount of information that spike trains encode is usually estimated from the precision of spike timing with respect to the stimulus. Sensory input, however, is only one factor that influences neural activity. For example, intrinsic dynamics, such as oscillations of networks of neurons, also modulate firing pattern. Here, we asked if retinal oscillations might help to convey information to neurons downstream. Specifically, we made whole-cell recordings from relay cells to reveal retinal inputs (EPSPs) and thalamic outputs (spikes) and analyzed these events with information theory. Our results show that thalamic spike trains operate as two multiplexed channels. One channel, which occupies a low frequency band (<30 Hz), is encoded by average firing rate with respect to the stimulus and carries information about local changes in the image over time. The other operates in the gamma frequency band (40-80 Hz) and is encoded by spike time relative to the retinal oscillations. Because these oscillations involve extensive areas of the retina, it is likely that the second channel transmits information about global features of the visual scene. At times, the second channel conveyed even more information than the first.
description: 21 pages, 10 figures, submitted to Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience
Exploring SMEFT Couplings Using the Forward-Backward Asymmetry in Neutral Current Drell-Yan Production at the LHC
Creators: name: Anataichuk, Andrii
name: Moch, Sven-Olaf
name: Abdolmaleki, Hamed
name: Amoroso, Simone
name: Britzger, Daniel
name: Dattola, Filippo
name: Fiaschi, Juri
name: Giuli, Francesco
name: Glazov, Alexander
name: Hautmann, Francesco
name: Luszczak, Agnieszka
name: Taheri Monfared, Sara
name: Olness, Fred
name: Vazzoler, Federico
name: Zenaiev, Oleksandr
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2023
Subjects: angular distribution, asymmetry
parton, distribution function
vector boson, mass
mass, scale
CERN LHC Coll, upgrade
neutral current
Drell-Yan process
new physics
sensitivity
electroweak interaction
left-handed
right-handed
effective field theory

description: Neutral current Drell-Yan (DY) lepton-pair production is considered in the framework of the Standard Model Effective Field Theory (SMEFT). Using the open-source fit platform xFitter, we investigate the impact of high-statistics measurements of the neutral current DY (NCDY) forward-backward asymmetry $A_{\rm{FB}}$ near the weak boson mass scale in the present and forthcoming stages of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). Besides recovering earlier results on the $A_{\rm{FB}}$ sensitivity to parton distribution functions, we analyze the precision determination of $Z$-boson couplings to left-handed and right-handed $u$-quarks and $d$-quarks, and explore Beyond-Standard-Model contributions using the SMEFT framework. We comment on the role of the $A_{\rm{FB}}$ asymmetry for the electroweak SMEFT fit and precision $Z$-boson physics at the LHC and high-luminosity HL-LHC.
Early Start Swap Analytics
Creators: name: Lee, David
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Early Start Swap Analytics

description: An early start swap is a swap that has an American style option for the counterparty of starting the swap early, within a period of three month. Otherwise, the swaps are plain vanilla fixed-for-floating swaps.
description: https://osf.io/z587j/wiki/home/
Comparison of inelastic and quasi-elastic scattering effects on nonlinear electron transport in quantum wires
Creators: name: Huang, Danhong
name: Gumbs, Godfrey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When impurity and phonon scattering coexist, the Boltzmann equation has been solved accurately for nonlinear electron transport in a quantum wire. Based on the calculated non-equilibrium distribution of electrons in momentum space, the scattering effects on both the non-differential (for a fixed dc field) and differential (for a fixed temperature) mobilities of electrons as functions of temperature and dc field were demonstrated. The non-differential mobility of electrons is switched from a linearly increasing function of temperature to a parabolic-like temperature dependence as the quantum wire is tuned from an impurity-dominated system to a phonon-dominated one [see T. Fang, {\em et al.}, \prb {\bf 78}, 205403 (2008)]. In addition, a maximum has been obtained in the dc-field dependence of the differential mobility of electrons. The low-field differential mobility is dominated by the impurity scattering, whereas the high-field differential mobility is limited by the phonon scattering [see M. Hauser, {\em et al.}, Semicond. Sci. Technol. {\bf 9}, 951 (1994)]. Once a quantum wire is dominated by quasi-elastic scattering, the peak of the momentum-space distribution function becomes sharpened and both tails of the equilibrium electron distribution centered at the Fermi edges are raised by the dc field after a redistribution of the electrons is fulfilled in a symmetric way in the low-field regime. If a quantum wire is dominated by inelastic scattering, on the other hand, the peak of the momentum-space distribution function is unchanged while both shoulders centered at the Fermi edges shift leftward correspondingly with increasing dc field through an asymmetric redistribution of the electrons even in low-field regime [see C. Wirner, {\em et al.}, \prl {\bf 70}, 2609 (1993)].
Comfortable walking experience today and tomorrow : investigating pedestrian interactions with bicycles, cars, and self-driving vehicles
Creators: name: Gill, Gurdiljot Singh
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2024

description: Cities are developing facilities for walking and cycling to improve safety and meet mode share goals for active transportation. People’s perceptions of safety and comfort (PSC) on those facilities mediate the influence on travel behaviour. For pedestrians, a critical component of PSC is interactions with vehicles at crosswalks. Today, pedestrians mainly interact with bicycles and cars, but they will also need to interact with self-driving vehicles (SDVs) in the future. A key gap in understanding of pedestrian PSC is how the type of interacting road user (bicycle vs. car vs. SDV) influences PSC. The goals of this dissertation are to improve understanding of PSC in intermodal interactions for a diverse and representative array of people, and to apply that knowledge to inform policy for responsible introduction of SDVs in a way that maintains walkable streets. I develop statistical models using data from two online surveys in which participants rate safety and comfort for sample videos of pedestrian interactions with bicycles, cars, and SDVs in unsignalized crosswalks. Results show that perception of yielding plays a crucial role in directly and indirectly influencing PSC, and yielding is most strongly (but not exclusively) determined by whether the pedestrian crossed before or after the interacting road user. All else equal, people perceive pedestrian interactions with SDVs as less safe and less comfortable than similar interactions with human-driven cars, which in turn are perceived as less safe and less comfortable than similar interactions with bicycles. To ensure comfort for a majority of pedestrians, SDVs must provide crossing pedestrians with more passing time than cars, and car drivers must yield more than bicycles. In terms of attitudes towards SDVs, British Columbians are almost evenly split on policies allowing SDVs, but a large majority want restrictions on SDVs on operating near pedestrian priority areas, without a human in the driver seat, or without clear identification. To ensure pedestrian-friendly introduction of SDVs, especially for older individuals, people of colour, and women, I recommend a cautious, tiered approach beginning with restricted pilot testing to allow road users to develop familiarity with SDV interactions.