cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Exploring the impact of silica and divalent cations on microbial iron respiration and secondary mineral products in Archean ocean simulations
Creators: name: Nims, Christine
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Geological Sciences
subject: Science

description: Thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Geology or Earth and Environmental Sciences, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences
description: Note: A version of this thesis was later published as an article in Geobiology, at https://doi.org/10.1111/gbi.12523
description: Widespread chemical sedimentary deposits known as Banded Iron Formations (BIFs) archive Archean ocean chemistry and, potentially, traces of ancient microbial life. Microbial Fe(III) respiration likely influenced the mineralization of early BIF sediments. One hypothesis suggests that the early diagenetic bioreduction of primary iron oxides in BIFs resulted in the formation of other iron phases, including iron-rich silicates, carbonates, and magnetite common in BIF assemblages. Here, we simulated this proposed pathway in experimental/laboratory incubations of Shewanella putrefaciens CN32, a model iron-reducing bacterium, grown under conditions mimicking the predicted Archean seawater geochemistry. We examined the variability in the secondary mineral precipitates that formed in the presence or absence of calcium, magnesium, and dissolved silica to assess the impact of silica and divalent cations on the resultant mineral product. We analyzed the reduced mineral phases harvested from these experiments using Raman spectroscopy, electron microscopy, powder x-ray diffraction, and spectrophotometric techniques to identify mineral precipitates and track the distributions of Fe2+/Fe3+. We detected a diverse range of calcium carbonate morphologies and polymorphism in incubations with calcium. We also identified aggregates of wavy, iron- and silica-rich, amorphous precipitates in all DIR incubations amended with silica. Our observations indicate that microbial iron reduction of ferrihydrite is a viable pathway for precursor iron silicate phases. This finding allows us to draw parallels between our experimental proto-silicates and the iron silicate nano-inclusions in BIF chert deposits, suggesting that early iron silicates could be signatures of iron-reducing metabolisms on early Earth.
title: Бухгалтерский учет и анализ
Creators: name: ELS IPR BOOKS
Publisher: name: Южно-Уральский институт управления и экономики
Year: 2018

description: Учебное пособие раскрывает основные разделы профессиональной деятельности бухгалтеров и экономистов. Первый раздел посвящен теории и методологии бухгалтерского учета, в том числе вопросам формирования бухгалтерской отчетности. Второй раздел посвящен методологии анализа хозяйственной деятельности и бухгалтерской отчетности. Пособие разработано с учетом содержания рабочих программ по дисциплинам «Бухгалтерский учет и анализ» по специальности 38.05.02 «Таможенное дело» и по направлению 38.03.01 «Экономика», а также по дисциплинам «Бухгалтерский учет» и «Экономический анализ» по специальности 38.05.01 «Экономическая безопасность»
Cosmological equivalence between the Finsler-Randers space-time and the DGP gravity model
Creators: name: Basilakos, Spyros
name: Stavrinos, Panayiotis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform a detailed comparison between the Finsler-Randers cosmological model and the Dvali, Gabadadze and Porrati braneworld model. If we assume that the spatial curvature is strictly equal to zero then we prove the following interesting proposition: {\it despite the fact that the current cosmological models have a completely different geometrical origin they share exactly the same Hubble expansion}. This implies that the Finsler-Randers model is cosmologically equivalent with that of the DGP model as far as the cosmic expansion is concerned. At the perturbative level we find that the Finsler-Randers growth index of matter perturbations is $γ_{FR} \simeq 9/14$ which is somewhat lower than that of DGP gravity ($γ_{DGP} \simeq 11/16$) implying that the growth factor of the Finsler-Randers model is slightly different ($\sim 0.1-2%$) from the one provided by the DGP gravity model.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D. (typos corrected, published version)
title: Защита гражданских прав
Creators: name: ELS IPR BOOKS
Publisher: name: Южно-Уральский институт управления и экономики
Year: 2018

description: Учебно-практическое пособие предназначено для студентов юридических направлений подготовки. Рассматриваются вопросы защиты гражданских прав, оспаривания сделок, обеспечения исполнения обязательств, а также процессуальные вопросы обращения в суд связанные с практической деятельностью юриста. Разделы учебно-практического пособия направлены на формирование общекультурных, общепрофессиональных и профессиональных компетенций студентов, предусмотренных ФГОС ВО по направлению подготовки 40.03.01 Юриспруденция.
title: Методы и средства управления проектами
Creators: name: ELS IPR BOOKS
Publisher: name: Южно-Уральский институт управления и экономики
Year: 2017

description: В данном пособии содержатся лабораторные работы, которые позволяют сформировать практические навыки работы по проектированию информационных систем на занятиях в вузе, а также в процессе самостоятельной работы студента. Пособие предназначено для студентов направлений 09.03.02 «Информационные системы и технологии», 38.03.05 «Бизнес-информатика» при изучении дисциплины, связанных с проектированием и разработкой информационных систем. Учебное пособие соответствует требованиям ФГОС ВО.
Towards redistribution laser cooling of molecular gases: Production of candidate molecules SrH by laser ablation
Creators: name: Simon, Philipp
name: Moroshkin, Peter
name: Weller, Lars
name: Sass, Anne
name: Weitz, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Laser cooling by collisional redistribution of radiation has been successfully applied in the past for cooling dense atomic gases. Here we report on progress of work aiming at the demonstration of redistribution laser cooling in a molecular gas. The candidate molecule strontium monohydride is produced by laser ablation of strontium dihydride in a pressurized noble gas atmosphere. The composition of the ablation plasma plume is analyzed by measuring its emission spectrum. The dynamics of SrH molecular density following the ablation laser pulse is studied as a function of the buffer gas pressure and the laser intensity.
description: Laser Refrigeration of Solids VI, February 2 2013, San Francisco, USA, Conference Proceedings
QUENCH PROTECTION AND DESIGN OF HIGH-FIELD SUPERCONDUCTING ACCELERATOR MAGNETS: THE ROLE OF DYNAMIC EFFECTS ON THE DIFFERENTIAL INDUCTANCE
Creators: name: MARINOZZI, VITTORIO
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2017

description: Quench protection is one of the most challenging aspects during the design of high-field superconducting accelerator magnets. Quench is the superconducting-to-resistive transition of a superconducting magnet, during which the large stored energy is dissipated into heat in a small region, which warms up. Quench cannot be avoided, therefore each superconducting magnet needs a quench protection system.The inductance plays an important role during a quench: it is important to discharge the current flowing within the coils of the magnet as soon as possible, in order to reduce the temperature. In order to perform a reliable protection study, it is therefore important to model the inductance in the correct way. This work shows how the inductance in superconducting magnets is connected to transient effects typical of the superconductivity. An electromagnetic model is presented, and compared with experimental data. Moreover, the quench protection and the design of accelerator magnets is reported, with emphasis on the role of the inductance.This work is an important further step for the protection study of superconducting magnets, because it allows to understand some experimental evidences which could not be explained before. It is one of the first attempts of considering the inductance as a dynamic quantity during a quench, and it allows performing more reliable and realistic protection studies.
Do we understand elastic scattering up to LHC energies?
Creators: name: Soffer, Jacques
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The measurements of high energy \bar p p and pp elastic at ISR, SPS and Tevatron colliders have provided usefull informations on the behavior of the scattering amplitude. A large step in energy domain is accomplished with the LHC collider presently running, giving a unique opportunity to improve our knowledge on the asymptotic regime of the elastic scattering amplitude and to verify the validity of our theoretical approach, to describe the total cross section σ_{tot}(s), the total elastic cross section σ_{el}(s), the ratio of the real to imaginary parts of the forward amplitude ρ(s) and the differential cross section dσ(s,t)/dt.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures, Invited talk at " DIFFRACTION 2012"', Puerto del Carmen, Lanzarote Canary Islands (Spain), September 10-15 2012, to appear in AIP Conference Proceedings (2013)
REGENERATIVE MEDICINE AND THE GOVERNANCE OF STEM CELL INNOVATION
Creators: name: BLASIMME, ALESSANDRO
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2012

description: The aim of this dissertation is to reconstruct analytically and to assess normatively the emerging governance of stem cell clinical translation. I show that the therapeutic promise of stem cell medicine is potentially revolutionary, and that its fulfilment depends on variables that are at the same time scientific and political. The establishment of the governance of stem cell translational research is however taking intricate routes. It is being contested and challenged in many ways by different actors and, most importantly, its development is yet in the making and, hence, uncertain. In this dissertation I show that democracy is called into question by emerging disagreements about the appropriate framing of stem cell innovation. Such disagreements, that are indeed the hallmarks of our pluralistic societies, are relative to the very role of politics with respect to science, citizens? interests, and patients? rights. I therefore suggest that a democratic polity incurs in risks of democratic erosion due to the current political configuration of stem cell translation. I thus articulate some normative proposals as to the political stakes of innovative medicine and I propose technology assessment mechanisms for stakeholders inclusion and public participation to cope with them.
title: Станции и подстанции
Creators: name: ELS IPR BOOKS
Publisher: name: Южно-Уральский институт управления и экономики
Year: 2018

description: Учебное пособие соответствует рабочей программе дисциплины «Электрические станции и подстанции» ОУ ВО «Южно-Уральский институт управления и экономики». В учебном пособии представлены материалы о современных станциях и подстанциях, принципе действия измерительных трансформаторов тока и напряжения, рассмотрены коммутационные аппараты по назначению и классификации, трансформаторы и автотрансформаторы, синхронные генераторы и их эксплуатация и испытание, а также вопросы, посвященные электроснабжению собственных нужд, электростанций и подстанций, видам схем и их назначение. Учебное пособие предназначено для обучающихся по направлению 13.03.02 «Электроэнергетика и электротехника», является единой для всех форм обучения.
$B\to DK^*_{0,2}$ Decays: PQCD analysis to determine CP violation phase angle $γ$
Creators: name: Kim, C. S.
name: Li, Run-Hui
name: Wang, Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: $B^\pm \to (D^0, \bar D^0, D_{CP})K^{*\pm}_{0,2}$ decays are helpful in determining the CP violation angle $γ$, and we analyze these decay processes within the perturbative QCD approach based on $k_T$ factorization. We found that the branching ratio of $B^-\to D^0 K^{*-}_0$ can reach the order of $10^{-4}$, due to the enhancement of nonfactorizable contributions in color-suppressed $D^0$-emission, while the branching ratio of $B^-\to \bar D^0 K^{*-}_0$ is of the order $10^{-5}$. The ratio of decay amplitudes is about 3 times larger than the one in the channel $B^\pm\to D K^\pm$. Large branching ratios provide a good opportunity to observe $ B^\pm \to D K^{*\pm}_2$ on the ongoing and forthcoming experimental facilities and consequently these channels may be of valuable avail in reducing the errors in the CP violation phase angle $γ$. We also explore the possible time-dependent CP asymmetries of $B_s$ decay into a scalar meson to determine the phase angle $γ$.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures
title: Turn on the Spotlight: How Vocabularies of Motive Shape Sustainable Practices
Creators: name: Zimmermann, Salome
Publisher: name: MyCoRe Community
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Institutional logics
subject: banking industry
subject: sustainability management
subject: vocabulary of motives
subject: sustainable practices
subject: case study
subject: sustainable finance
subject: 650
subject: 330
subject: 300

description: This article aims at providing a deeper understanding of how vocabularies of motive in institutional logics shape sustainable practices. Drawing on an embedded case study comparing the market, community, state, religious, and sustainable logic, I contribute to an in-depth understanding of the crucial role of vocabularies of motive in shaping sustainable practices. The analysis reveals that each institutional logic implies different vocabularies of motives for sustainability, which in turn become manifest in different institutional toolkits for sustainability. The toolkits differ considerably in terms of degree and the kind of sustainable practices. The findings underline the crucial role of language in shaping sustainable practices and consequently in maintaining differences within an institutional field. This paper thus not only advances the institutional logics and related vocabulary perspective, but also contributes to a broader picture of what is known from the literature on sustainable behaviour of organisations.
Cavity piezooptomechanics: piezoelectrically excited, optically transduced optomechanical resonators
Creators: name: Xiong, Chi
name: Fan, Linran
name: Sun, Xiankai
name: Tang, Hong X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a monolithic integrated aluminum nitride (AlN) optomechanical resonator in which the mechanical motion is actuated by piezoelectric force and the displacement is transduced by a high-Q optical cavity. The AlN optomechanical resonator is excited from a radio-frequency electrode via a small air gap to eliminate resonator-to-electrode loss. We observe the electrically excited mechanical motion at 47.3 MHz, 1.04 GHz, and 3.12 GHz, corresponding to the 1st, 2nd, and 4th radial-contour mode of the wheel resonator respectively. An equivalent circuit model is developed to describe the observed Fano-like resonance spectrum.
title: Banking for the Climate: Activation Mechanisms of the Sustainable Logic
Creators: name: Zimmermann, Salome
Publisher: name: MyCoRe Community
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Sustainable logic
subject: institutional logics
subject: sustainable practices
subject: banking industry
subject: sustainable finance
subject: 330
subject: 300
subject: 650

description: This research is aimed at acquiring an understanding of how and why the sustainable logic gets activated in an organisation. In order to address this research question, a multiple case-study design was applied in the banking industry. Six pathways for sustainable logic were identified each of which is a) crossing different additional institutional logics, b) is characterised by a critical trigger event, or not and c) is paved by an internal sustainability advocate, or not. Discussing the findings against the literature on institutional complexity, this paper theorises on the circumstances under which sustainable logic is activated in an organisation. It also adds to our understanding of how different forms of institutional complexity emerge and how this affects the implementation of sustainable practices. Overall, this paper contributes to a more fine-tuned understanding of how and why a new field-level logic takes shape inside organisations.
DECOHERENCE, NON-MARKOVIANITY AND QUANTUM ESTIMATION IN QUBIT SYSTEMS SUBJECT TO CLASSICAL NOISE
Creators: name: BENEDETTI, CLAUDIA
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2015

description: The unavoidable interaction of a quantum system with its environment usually degrades its coherence and quantumness. The environment and the decoherence process may be described as the interaction with a classical or quantized bath. As a matter of fact, the classical description becomes progressively more reliable as far as the environment has many degrees of freedom, i.e. it becomes complex, or when the interaction between a quantum system and a classical fluctuating field is taken into account. In this thesis, I consider a qubit system coupled to a stochastic classical field and address�the decoherence and non-Markovianity induced by the external noise as well as the spectral characterization of the classical field by quantum-limited measurement on the qubit. I thus analyze the dynamics of quantum correlations between two non-interacting, initially entangled qubits subject to a classical noise generated by a stochastic process. Two relevant classes of noise are taken into account: Gaussian noise, such as the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process, and non-Gaussian noise, such as the random telgraph noise and the colored noise with 1/f spectrum. I also discuss the evaluation of non-Markovianity of the induced dynamical map and link the presence of revivals of quantum correlations with the information backflow to the system. The precise characterization of the stochastic process generating the classical noise, possibly using minimal resources, is a crucial ingredient for the design of high-precision measurements and reliable communication protocols. To this purpose, I also address the characterization of the spectral parameters of classical noise by quantum probes, e.g. a qubit coupled to the stochastic process generating the noise. By using the tools of quantum estimation theory, I explore the performances of quantum measurements on the qubit and show that it is possible to effectively extract information about the noise.
Nixon, the New Right, and the Education of Roger Ailes: The Origins of Conservative Television
Creators: name: Moreland, Ethan J.
Publisher: name: University of Chicago
Year: 2022

description: This paper follows the career of Roger Ailes in the long seventies, the decade in which conservative television news was formed as the result Nixonian strategic calculations, cultural divisions, and Coors-funded elements of the New Right.
title: On an Electron in a Magnetostatic Field
Creators: name: Grycko, Eugen
Publisher: name: MyCoRe Community
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Gibbs state
subject: tensor power
subject: velocity operator
subject: 510

description: It is well known that a voltage is induced in a wire exposed to an alternating magnetic field. The present contribution is guided by the question whether a similar phenomenon can be predicted and observed for a wire in a magnetostatic field. A classical and a semi-classical models describing a valence electron in a metal imply that the electron would not acquire kinetic energy from the field. A computer-supported evaluation of a quantum model suggests, however, that the the second moment of the velocity operator for the electron increases if a stronger magnetostatic field is applied, which motivates an empirical experiment whose outcome seems to confirm the computational quantum phenomenon.
Universality at the Edge for Unitary Matrix Models
Creators: name: Poplavskyi, Mihail
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 15B52, 42C05

description: Using the results on the $1/n$-expansion of the Verblunsky coefficients for a class of polynomials orthogonal on the unit circle with $n$ varying weight, we prove that the local eigenvalue statistic for unitary matrix models is independent of the form of the potential, determining the matrix model. Our proof is applicable to the case of four times differentiable potentials and of supports, consisting of one interval.
description: 31 pages
Cognitive function improvement after fecal microbiota transplantation in Alzheimer’s dementia patient: a case report
Creators: name: Park, Soo-Hyun
name: Lee, Jung Hwan
name: Shin, Jongbeom
name: Kim, Jun-Seob
name: Cha, Boram
name: Lee, Suhjoon
name: Kwon, Kye Sook
name: Shin, Yong Woon
name: Choi, Seong Hye
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: After fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) to treat Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI), cognitive improvement is noticeable, suggesting an essential association between the gut microbiome and neural function. Although it is known that the gut microbiome is linked with cognitive function, whether FMT may lead to cognitive improvement in patients with neurodegenerative disorders remains to be elucidated. We present the case of a 90-year-old woman with Alzheimer's dementia and severe CDI who underwent FMT. Cognitive function testing (Mini-Mental State Examination, Montreal Cognitive Assessment, and Clinical Dementia Rating assessment) was performed one month before FMT and one week and one month after FMT. We collected the patients’ fecal samples before FMT and 3 weeks after FMT to compare the microbiota composition. The 16S rRNA gene amplicons were analyzed using the QIIME2 platform (version 2020.2) and the Phyloseq R package. The linear discriminant analysis effect size was performed to determine the taxonomic difference between pre- and post-FMT. Functional biomarker analysis using the Kruskal–Wallis H test was performed between the pre- and post-FMT. The cognitive function tests after FMT showed an improvement compared to the tests before the procedure. FMT changed the microbiota composition in recipient feces. We found that the genera were reported to be associated with cognitive function. In addition, short-chain fatty acids were found to be significantly different between before and after FMT. This finding suggests the presence of an association between the gut microbiome and cognitive function. Further, it emphasizes the need for clinical awareness regarding the effect of FMT on the brain-gut-microbiome axis and its potential as a therapy for patients with dementia.
title: On a Useful Characterization of Nash Equilibria in Decision Trees
Creators: name: Meister, Helmut
Publisher: name: MyCoRe Community
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Game Theory
subject: Decision Tree
subject: Extensive Form Game
subject: Subgame Perfectness
subject: Backward Induction
subject: Nash Equilibrium Strategies
subject: Entangled Subgame
subject: Equilibrium Path
subject: Equilibrium Identification Algorithm
subject: 510

description: The concept of subgame perfect equilibrium is broadly accepted in the theory of non-cooperative games in extensive form and offers a method of equilibrium calculation called backward induction. Nevertheless, there often exist many other equilibria, which might also be interesting, because they require some coordination by groups of players. The most frequently cited literature does not provide an effective mechanism to identify all equilibria of games in extensive form. The present paper gives an answer to this problem. First, a general characterization of equilibrium is derived. This result offers a way to specify an algorithm, which lists all paths to terminal points of the game arising from equilibrium strategies. Finally, an application of the results to the decision problem of the Cuban Missile Crisis will be discussed.
HCN DOMAIN: A KEY REGULATOR OF HCN CHANNEL GATING
Creators: name: PORRO, ALESSANDRO
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2019

description: Hyperpolarization-activated and cyclic nucleotide?gated (HCN1-4) channels control key physiological functions such as cardiac pacemaking and repetitive neuronal firing. Their molecular architecture comprises a voltage sensor and a pore domain that are membrane-embedded and a cytosolic soluble part that includes the cyclic nucleotide binding domain (CNBD) connected to the pore via a C-linker. These channels are primarily activated by hyperpolarizing membrane voltage that opens the pore allowing the flux of a slow time-dependent depolarizing inward current known as If and Ih in the heart and in the brain, respectively. HCN channels can be further regulated by the direct binding of cyclic nucleotides to the CNBD that enhances channel opening by shifting the relationship between opening and membrane hyperpolarization to more positive potentials. Current knowledge of their mechanism of gating includes a downward movement/rotation of the voltage sensor that allosterically increases the affinity for cAMP in the CNBD, suggesting a direct interaction between the voltage sensor domain and the CNBD. The recently published single particle cryo-EM structure of HCN1 channel, constitutes the basis for this project that aims at understanding the cAMP-induced conformational changes leading to channel modulation. These are important questions to address because aberrant gating can lead to heart failures or epileptic seizures. Interestingly, the high resolution HCN1 structure shows that the N-terminus forms a 3 alfa-helical domain, called HCN domain. In the tetrameric assembly of the full length channel, the HCN domain of one subunit is inserted between the voltage sensor and the C-linker of the adjacent subunit. This suggests that the HCN domain could be the element coupling the cyclic nucleotide regulation whit the voltage sensitivity. By a combination of rational mutagenesis and functional analysis of the ion currents by patch-clamp, we found that the newly discovered HCN domain plays a crucial role in the modulation of the voltage dependence of the channel as well as in the cAMP response. Moreover, we show that by interacting with the CNBD in HCN2 but not in HCN1, the HCN domain regulates the affinity of the channel for the ligand. On the basis of these results we have prepared a synthetic HCN domain peptide that, when added to the channel, mimics the effect of cAMP. These promising results contribute not only to a better understating of the gating mechanism of the channel but also lay the basis for the design of drug molecules able to modulate HCN-mediated currents both in nervous system and heart.
Functional role of the histone demethylase UTX in B cell development and antibody responses in vivo
Creators: name: SORMANI, MARTINA
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2019

description: H3K27 trimethylation, catalyzed by the Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 (PRC2), is mainly associated with transcriptional repression of target genes. PRC2 activity is counterbalanced by UTX and JMJD3, belonging to the family of Jmj-C-containing H3K27me3 demethylases. UTX acts in concert with members of the Mixed Lineage Leukemia (MLL) family of H3K4 methyltransferases to sustain gene transcription. In vivo studies have assigned to UTX important roles in hematopoiesis, particularly in immune cell differentiation. We showed that Utx is expressed throughout B cell development. To study the role of UTX in B lymphopoiesis, we crossed Utx conditional knock-out mice to the Mb1cre/+ strain, to inactivate the demethylase throughout B cell development, starting from pro-B cells. Our results suggest that UTX influences B cell physiology in multiple ways, controlling mature B cell subset differentiation and survival, B cell distribution among lymphoid organs, Ig isotype switching and antigen-driven germinal center (GC) B cell clonal selection. As a result of these defects, B cell-specific Utx deficiency causes a mild humoral immunodeficiency, affecting primarily intestinal IgA-linked immunity. Importantly, these defects resemble those described in patients affected by the Kabuki Syndrome, a genetic disorder caused by mutations in either UTX or in the MLL methyltransferase KMT2D. Chromatin immunoprecipitation studies coupled to sequencing performed on Utx mutant resting and GC B cells started to unveil the identity of the transcriptional and epigenetic networks under the influence of UTX. These studies could improve our understanding of how deregulated UTX participates to the pathogenesis of immunological disorders, including B cell malignancies.
Cognitive function improvement after fecal microbiota transplantation in in Alzheimer’s dementia patient: a case report
Creators: name: Park, Soo-Hyun
name: Lee, Jung-Hwan
name: Shin, Jongbeom
name: Kim, Jun-Seob
name: Cha, Boram
name: Lee, Suhjoon
name: Kwon, Kye Sook
name: Shin, Yong Woon
name: Choi, Seong Hye
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: After fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) to treat Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI), cognitive improvement is noticeable, suggesting an essential association between the gut microbiome and neural function. Although it is known that the gut microbiome is linked with cognitive function, whether FMT may lead to cognitive improvement in patients with neurodegenerative disorders remains to be elucidated. We present the case of a 90-year-old woman with Alzheimer's dementia and severe CDI who underwent FMT. Cognitive function testing (Mini-Mental State Examination, Montreal Cognitive Assessment, and Clinical Dementia Rating assessment) was performed one month before FMT and one week and one month after FMT. We collected the patients’ fecal samples before FMT and 3 weeks after FMT to compare the microbiota composition. The 16S rRNA gene amplicons were analyzed using the QIIME2 platform (version 2020.2) and Phyloseq R package. The linear discriminant analysis effect size was performed to determine the taxonomic difference between pre- and post-FMT. Functional biomarker analysis using the Kruskal-Wallis H test was performed between the pre- and post-FMT. The cognitive function tests after FMT showed an improvement compared to the tests before the procedure. FMT changed the microbiota composition in recipient feces. We found that the genera were reported to be associated with cognitive function. In addition, short-chain fatty acids was found to be significantly different between before and after FMT. This finding suggests the presence of an association between the gut microbiome and cognitive function. Further, it emphasizes the need for clinical awareness regarding the effect of FMT on the brain-gut-microbiome axis and its potential as a therapy for patients with dementia.
FROM PROTEIN STRUCTURE TO DRUG DESIGN (DISCOVERY): TARGETING THE ION CHANNEL ASIC1 AND A PATHOGENIC VARIANT OF HUMAN GELSOLIN.
Creators: name: HASSAN, AMAL
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2019

description: La conoscenza della struttura tridimensionale di un potenziale target farmacologico apre la via a nuove strategie terapeutiche (ad esempio tramite structure-based drug design (SBDD)) ed � requisito fondamentale per la bioinformatica strutturale. In questo contesto, durante la mia tesi di dottorato, sono state studiate due proteine di interesse biomedico. La prima � una proteina di membrana, l?isoforma 1 dell?Acid Sensing Ion Channel (ASIC), implicata in diverse malattie neurodegenerative. In studi precedenti il diminazene aceturato (DA) si era dimostrato un potente inibitore del canale. Diversi analoghi di DA sono stati progettati su base strutturale e la loro affinit� per ASIC analizzata tramite docking molecolare. Le molecole migliori sono state testate in saggi cellulari per valutarne l?efficacia. Per caratterizzare la capacit� inibitoria degli analoghi sintetizzati in vitro, � stato messo a punto un protocollo per la produzione della proteina ASIC1, utilizzando diversi sistemi di espressione eterologa. La purificazione della proteina � stata effettuata usando un approccio high-throughput per supportare successivamente la cristallizzazione della proteina, al fine di ottenere informazioni pi� dettagliate sul meccanismo d?azione degli analoghi del DA e, di conseguenza, disegnare nuovi farmaci, isoforma-selettivi e in grado di attraversare la barriera emato-encefalica. In secondo luogo, ho studiato la proteina Gelsolin (GSN), responsabile di una malattia familiare degenerativa (detta amiloidosi AGel). Lo scopo di questo progetto era quello di investigare l'effetto della mutazione D187N sulla struttura di GSN e la sua propensione ad aggregare e/o degradarsi in maniera anomala. Il D187N GSN � stato il primo mutante ad essere identificato, ma, ad oggi, non si avevano informazioni sulla sua struttura. In uno studio precedente, era stato identificato un nanobody (Nb11) in grado di proteggere la proteina dalla degradazione, ma il meccanismo di protezione non era stato chiarito. Nel mio lavoro ho risolto la struttura del complesso Nb11:D187N a 1.9 �, permettendo la caratterizzazione molecolare del meccanismo di azione del Nb11. I dati strutturali ottenuti sono stati completati con una caratterizzazione biofisica e biochimica, estesa anche ad altre due varianti patologiche della GSN, recentemente identificate (G167R e N184K).
Wavelet methods to eliminate resonances in the Galerkin-truncated Burgers and Euler equations
Creators: name: Pereira, Rodrigo M.
name: Nguyen-van-yen, Romain
name: Farge, Marie
name: Schneider, Kai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is well known that solutions to the Fourier-Galerkin truncation of the inviscid Burgers equation (and other hyperbolic conservation laws) do not converge to the physically relevant entropy solution after the formation of the first shock. This loss of convergence was recently studied in detail in [S. S. Ray et al., Phys. Rev. E 84, 016301 (2011)], and traced back to the appearance of a spatially localized resonance phenomenon perturbing the solution. In this work, we propose a way to remove this resonance by filtering a wavelet representation of the Galerkin-truncated equations. A method previously developed with a complex-valued wavelet frame is applied and expanded to embrace the use of real-valued orthogonal wavelet basis, which we show to yield satisfactory results only under the condition of adding a safety zone in wavelet space. We also apply the complex-valued wavelet based method to the 2D Euler equation problem, showing that it is able to filter the resonances in this case as well.
ENERGY CALIBRATION AND OBSERVATION OF THE HIGGS BOSON IN THE DIPHOTON DECAY WITH THE ATLAS EXPERIMENT
Creators: name: TURRA, RUGGERO
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2013

description: ATLAS is one of the four main experiments at the LHC proton-proton accelerator at CERN. This thesis describes two correlated topics: the observation for the Higgs boson in the diphoton channel and the Monte Carlo calibration of electrons and photons. The Higgs boson is a particle predicted by the Standard Model to explain the mechanism for electroweak symmetry breaking, giving masses to the particles. A particle compatible with the SM Higgs boson has been discovered by the ATLAS and CMS experiments in 2012. If this new boson is the Higgs boson, all fundamental parameters of the SM are known and, for the first time, it is possible to overconstrain the SM at the electroweak scale and to evaluate its validity. The proton-proton collision datasets used for the diphoton analysis correspond to integrated luminosities of 4.8 fb-1 collected at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV and 13.0 fb-1 collected at sqrt(s) = 8 TeV. The results, for the first time, establish the observation in the diphoton channel alone. The observation has a local significance of 6.1 standard deviations with a measured mass of 126.6 +/- 0.3 (stat) +/- 0.7 (syst) GeV. The fitted number of signal events is found to be 1.80 +/- 0.30 (stat) +0.21 -0.15 (syst) +0.20 -0.14 (theory) times the value predicted by the Standard Model. Two energy calibrations of electromagnetic particles are presented, a simpler method already used by all the ATLAS analyses and a new method based on a multivariate technique. Single particle Monte Carlo simulations have been used for the optimization. Electrons, unconverted photons and converted photons have been optimized separately. To improve the calibration of converted photons a dedicated correction has been developed. The MVA calibration was developed to introduce more input variables. The improvement is visible in all the energy ranges and in all the pseudorapidity regions and for all the particle hypotheses. The improvement on the Higgs invariant mass resolution in the diphoton channel is about 4%.
Singularities of Noncompact Charged Objects
Creators: name: Sharif, M.
name: Abbas, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We formulate a model of noncompact spherical charged objects in the framework of noncommutative field theory. The Einstein-Maxwell field equations are solved with charged anisotropic fluid. We choose the forms of mass and charge densities which belong to two parameter family of density distribution functions instead of densities as Gaussian width length. It is found that the corresponding densities and the Ricci scalar are singular at origin whereas the metric is nonsingular indicating a spacelike singularity. The numerical solution of the horizon equation implies that there are either two or one or no horizon depending on the mass. We also evaluate the Hawking temperature which implies that a black hole with two horizons is evaporated to an extremal black hole with one horizon.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures, accepted for publication in Chinese Physics B
On Possible Influence of Space Weather on Agricultural Markets: Necessary Conditions and Probable Scenarios
Creators: name: Pustilnik, Lev
name: Din, Gregory Yom
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: General Finance (q-fin.GN)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: We present the results of study of a possible relationship between the space weather and terrestrial markets of agricultural products. It is shown that to implement the possible effect of space weather on the terrestrial harvests and prices, a simultaneous fulfillment of three conditions is required: 1) sensitivity of local weather (cloud cover, atmospheric circulation) to the state of space weather; 2) sensitivity of the area of specific agricultural crops to the weather anomalies (belonging to the area of risk farming); 3) relative isolation of the market, making it difficult to damp the price hikes by the external food supplies. Four possible scenarios of the market response to the modulations of local terrestrial weather via the solar activity are described. The data sources and analysis methods applied to detect this relationship are characterized. We describe the behavior of 22 European markets during the medieval period, in particular, during the Maunder minimum (1650-1715). We demonstrate a reliable manifestation of the influence of space weather on prices, discovered in the statistics of intervals between the price hikes and phase price asymmetry. We show that the effects of phase price asymmetry persist even during the early modern period in the U.S. in the production of the durum wheat. Within the proposed approach, we analyze the statistics of depopulation in the eighteenth and nineteenth century Iceland, induced by the famine due to a sharp livestock reduction owing to, in its turn, the lack of foodstuff due to the local weather anomalies. A high statistical significance of temporal matching of these events with the periods of extreme solar activity is demonstrated. We discuss the possible consequences of the observed global climate change in the formation of new areas of risk farming, sensitive to space weather.
description: 26 pages,9 figures
Studies of grand minima in sunspot cycles from a flux transport solar dynamo model
Creators: name: Karak, Bidya Binay
name: Choudhuri, Arnab Rai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose that grand minima in solar activity are caused by simultaneous fluctuations in the meridional circulation and the Babcock-Leighton mechanism for the poloidal field generation in the flux transport dynamo model. We present the following results: (a) fluctuations in the meridional circulation are more effective in producing grand minima; (b) both sudden and gradual initiations of grand minima are possible; (c) distributions of durations and waiting times between grand minima seem to be exponential; (d) the coherence time of the meridional circulation has an effect on the number and the average duration of grand minima, a coherence time of about 30 years being consistent with observational data. We also study the occurrence of grand maxima and find that the distributions of durations and waiting times between grand maxima are also exponential, like the grand minima. Finally we address the question whether the Babcock-Leighton mechanism can be operative during grand minima when there are no sunspots. We show that an alpha-effect restricted to the upper portions of the convection zone can pull the dynamo out of the grand minima and can match various observational requirements if the amplitude of this alpha-effect is suitably fine-tuned.
description: To appear in Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics
Recent Results in Bottomonium
Creators: name: Patrignani, Claudia
name: Pedlar, Todd K.
name: Rosner, Jonathan L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Great strides have been made in the understanding of bound states of a bottom quark $b$ and its antiquark $\bar b$ since the discovery of the first $Υ$ resonances in 1977. These {\it bottomonium} bound states have a rich spectrum whose masses and transition amplitudes shed valuable light on the strong interactions. The present article reviews some recent developments in bottomonium physics. These include the discovery of the spin-singlet states $η_b$ and $h_b$, the first D-wave states, one or more candidates for spin-triplet $χ_b(3P)$ excitations, and above-threshold states with strong transitions to states below threshold. Information on transitions, production, and signatures of new physics is also presented.
description: 47 pages, 2 figures, to be submitted to Annual Review of Nuclear and Particle Science
EXPLORING THE VIABILITY OF THE OPTION OF RESTORATIVE JUSTICE AS A MEANS TO AMELIORATE PLIGHT OF THE VICTIMS OF CRIMES COMMITTED BY JUVENILES
Creators: name: Barkha Trehan Kochhar
Publisher: name: Indique Law Journal
Year: 2023

description: Justice is the most cherished goal of any polity. While the term is relative in its understanding, it can surely be delivered only when one does not feel deprived of his liberty to seek it. In any crime like situation, victim lies at the core of it. And rendering a victim only as a witness for a prosecution, or merely as a piece of evidence/information, with no independent rights of his own surely deprives him of his rights to seek justice in the true sense. The focus of our criminal justice system has always dwindled between choices of different theories of criminology, from retributive, to preventive, to deterrent to reformative. All of these theories work only from the perspective of the accused/offender. From severely punishing the offender to creating deterrence in the like-minded potential criminals, to restoring or reclaiming the offender through rehabilitative ways, all of these choices have always focused on the offender alone, sadly ignoring the reformist agenda from the victim's point of view.
Victim Justice lay as the biggest aspiration of any progressive society today. This study is thus undertaken to fill the gaps in resolving the current controversies marring the present-day legal system by addressing the concerns of the victims to be able to reconcile the needs with the present-day legal system, along with suggesting changes to be made to meet the challenges of restorative justice for the victims of juvenile crimes. All aspects concerning victim's right, like participating in the criminal process, or act as an initiator of the criminal process, or being the one to be rehabilitated and compensated by the criminal process shall be comprehended in this research work. Other issues that the paper aims to address are, how well can the practices related to restorative justice worldwide can help in purging the effects of crime on the victim? And what role can the State play in effectively attaining this goal?
The entire premise of this paper is thus to capture the essence and the trajectory of our criminal justice administration in terms of restorative justice, the role of the victim throughout the criminal justice process, and the States' role in ensuring restitution to the victims of crime, especially with reference to the victims of juvenile crimes. The idea is to be able to showcase the main objective, usage and functionality of the existing model of the criminal process, and if need be, to invigorate a model of the criminal process based on restorative justice practices.