cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
DFT+DMFT with natural atomic orbital projectors
Creators: name: Sim, Jae-Hoon
name: Han, Myung Joon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce natural atomic orbitals as the local projector to define the correlated subspace for DFT + DMFT (density functional theory plus dynamical mean-field theory) calculation. The natural atomic orbitals are found to be stably constructed against the number and the radius of basis orbitals. It can also be self-consistently updated inside the DFT+DMFT loop. The spatial localization, electron occupation and the degree of correlation are investigated and compared with other conventional techniques. As a `natural' choice to describe the electron numbers, adopting natural atomic orbitals has advantage in terms of electron number counting. We further explore the reduction of computation cost by separating correlated orbitals into two subgroups based on the orbital occupancy. Our new recipe can serve as a useful choice for DFT+DMFT and related methods.
title: Inflation, Nominal Portfolios, and Wealth Redistribution in Canada
Creators: name: Meh, Cesaire
name: Terajima, Yaz
Publisher: name: Bank of Canada
Year: 2008

description: There is currently a policy debate on potential refinements to monetary policy regimes in countries with low and stable inflation such as the U.S. and Canada. For example, in Canada, a systematic review of the current inflation targeting framework is underway. An issue that has generally received relatively less attention in this debate is the redistributional effects of inflation. This omission is likely to be important since the welfare costs of inflation depend not only on aggregate effects but also on redistributional consequences. The goal of this paper is to contribute to this policy debate by assessing the redistributional effects of inflation in Canada that arise through the revaluation of nominal assets and liabilities.We find that the redistributional effects of inflation are sizeable even for low and moderate inflation episodes. The main winners are young middle-class households with substantial amounts of mortgage debt. Besides young households, inflation also represents a windfall gain for the government because of its long-term debt. Old households, rich households, and the middle-aged middle-class lose from inflation, largely due to their sizeable holdings of bonds and non-indexed defined benefit pension assets.
description: Les améliorations dont pourraient bénéficier les régimes de politique monétaire font actuellement l'objet d'un débat public dans les pays caractérisés par un taux d'inflation bas et stable, comme les États-Unis et le Canada. Ainsi, le régime canadien de cibles d'inflation est soumis en ce moment à un examen en profondeur. Par le passé, un aspect du débat s'est trouvé généralement négligé : les effets de redistribution de l'inflation. Cette omission ne va pas sans risque car les coûts de l'inflation sur le plan du bien-être dépendent non seulement d'effets globaux, mais encore des effets de redistribution. Les auteurs entendent enrichir les discussions en quantifiant pour le Canada les effets de redistribution liés à la dévalorisation par l'inflation des actifs et des passifs, mesurés en termes nominaux. Il ressort que ces effets sont importants, même en période d'inflation basse ou modérée. Les jeunes ménages de classe moyenne qui ont une lourde dette hypothécaire s'en tirent le mieux. Du fait de sa dette à long terme, l'État profite aussi de l'inflation. Par contre, les personnes âgées, les ménages fortunés et les membres de la classe moyenne d'âge médian comptent parmi les perdants, en raison surtout de la taille appréciable de leur portefeuille obligataire et de l'importance que les régimes de retraite à prestations déterminées non indexées représentent dans leurs actifs.
High-Latitude HI in the Low Surface Brightness Galaxy UGC7321
Creators: name: Matthews, L. D.
name: Wood, Kenneth
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: From the analysis of sensitive HI 21-cm line observations, we find evidence for vertically extended HI emission (|z|
description: to appear in the August 20 Astrophysical Journal; 17 pages; version with full resolution figures available at http://cfa-www.harvard.edu/~lmatthew/
Mesolecanium rhizophorae
Creators: name: de, María Cristina Granara
name: Willink
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Coccidae
Mesolecanium
Mesolecanium rhizophorae

description: Mesolecanium rhizophorae (Cockerell)
 Lecanium (Calymnatus) rhizophorae Cockerell 1898c: 501.
 Mesolecanium rhizophorae (Cockerell); Fernald 1903: 176.
 Material Tipo. No examinado.
 Comentarios. De acuerdo a la descripción de Cockerell (1898) y redescripción de Hempel (1900a), el cuerpo es de forma oval, aplanada, asimétrica, posee superficie dorsal areolada y surcos radiales submarginales, microconductos dorsales de abertura circular; placas anales pequeñas que forman un opérculo subcuadrado; setas marginales, de dos tamaños, con punta redondeada; antenas con seis segmentos y patas desarrolladas con tibia y tarso parcialmente fusionado, digitígulas tarsales largas y delgadas y las ungueales anchas.
description: Published as part of de, María Cristina Granara & Willink, 2012, Revisión sistemática de Mesolecanium Cockerell de la región Neotropical (Hemiptera: Coccidae), con sinonimia y combinaciones nuevas, pp. 1-33 in Insecta Mundi 2012 (262) on page 16, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5175559
title: The Effect of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act on CEO Pay for Luck
Creators: name: Paligorova, Teodora
Publisher: name: Bank of Canada
Year: 2008

description: According to the rent-extraction hypothesis, weak corporate governance allows entrenched CEOs to capture the pay-setting process and benefit from events outside of their control – get paid for luck. In this paper, I find that the independence requirement imposed on boards of directors by the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (SOX), together with the governance regulations subsequently introduced by stock exchanges, affects CEO pay structure. In firms whose corporate boards were originally less independent, and thus more affected by these provisions, CEO pay for performance strengthened while pay for luck decreased after adopting SOX. In contrast, those firms that exhibited strong board independence prior to SOX showed little evidence of pay for luck and little change in pay for performance following the adoption of SOX. The results are consistent with the rent-extraction hypothesis, and they are robust to alternative explanations such as asymmetric benchmarks, oligopoly, and managerial talent.
description: Pour les tenants de la théorie de l'appropriation de la rente, la faiblesse des mécanismes de gouvernance d'entreprise permet aux chefs de direction de contrôler le processus d'établissement de leur rémunération et de profiter des retombées d'événements indépendants de leur volonté (rétribution liée à la chance). L'auteure constate que l'indépendance prescrite par la loi Sarbanes-Oxley de 2002 a, tout comme les règlements en matière de gouvernance édictés plus tard par les bourses, modifié la structure de rémunération des chefs de direction. Dans les entreprises où les conseils d'administration ont été plus touchés par les dispositions du texte (parce qu'ils étaient au départ moins indépendants qu'ailleurs), les primes de rendement des dirigeants ont augmenté et la part de la rétribution attribuable à la chance a diminué à la suite de l'adoption de la loi Sarbanes-Oxley. Dans le cas des entreprises où se trouvaient déjà en place des conseils d'administration forts, par contre, peu de données ont confirmé l'existence de ce type de rétribution et la loi Sarbanes-Oxley n'a guère eu d'effets sur les primes versées. Ces résultats sont conformes à la théorie de l'appropriation de la rente et restent les mêmes lorsqu'on examine d'autres hypothèses d'explication telles que l'asymétrie conjoncturelle des émoluments, la présence d'une structure oligopolistique et la qualité des dirigeants.
Using Field-level Characteristics as Proxy Measures to Test for the Presence of Economies of Scale in Nonpoint Pollution Control
Creators: name: Caplan, Arthur J.
name: Gilbert, John
name: Chatterjee, Devalina
name: Caplan, Arthur J.
name: Gilbert, John
name: Chatterjee, Devalina
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: economies of scale
subject: nonpoint-source pollution
subject: delivered load
subject: control costs

description: We use parametric and nonparametric methods to estimate correlations between average control cost and three field-level characteristics—field size and delivered phosphorous per field and per acre—as proxies for economies of scale in controlling nonpoint pollution. We combine load and delivery-ratio estimates for more than 12,000 fields in the Bear River Basin, Utah, with estimates of control costs and effectiveness of management practices from the literature. Results suggest a negative relationship between control cost and delivered phosphorous per field and per acre. Ranking fields by phosphorous load therefore prioritizes management-practice subsidies by economies of scale.
Structure, Magnetic Properties and Spin-glass Behavior in La$sub{0.9}Tesub{0.1}MnOsub{3}$
Creators: name: Tan, Guotai
name: Duan, P.
name: Dai, S. Y.
name: Zhou, Y. L.
name: Lu, H. B.
name: Chen, Z. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this study we report the structure, magnetic and electrical transport properties of pervoskite oxide La$sub{0.9}Tesub{0.1}MnOsub{3}$. This is a novel material with the space group R-3c, which shows the spin-glass-like feature at low temperature and has a good colossal magnetoresistance behavior. The magnetoresistance ratio is about 51% at 200 K in a field of 4 T. The XPS measurement suggests that Te ions are in the Te$up{4+}$ state, while Mn ions may be in the 2+ and 3+ valence state.
description: 9 pages, 4figures. submitted to J. Appl. Phys
Spatial Hedonic Valuation of a Multiuse Urban Wetland in Southern California
Creators: name: Frey, Elaine F.
name: Palin, Marissa B.
name: Walsh, Patrick J.
name: Whitcraft, Christine R.
name: Frey, Elaine F.
name: Palin, Marissa B.
name: Walsh, Patrick J.
name: Whitcraft, Christine R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: economic valuation
subject: hedonic pricing
subject: wetlands

description: Most of Southern California’s wetlands have disappeared despite being critical ecosystems with many valuable attributes. Many of the wetlands that remain are in relatively urban areas, are severely degraded, and may not function properly. Using hedonic spatial error models, we measure the economic value of living near an urban multi-use wetland in Long Beach, California. Both sales prices and estimated values are used in the analysis. Results show that proximity to wetlands increases residential property values in the focus area. This analysis provides important information for policymakers to justify ongoing restoration projects and prevent further degradation of urbanized natural resources.
The WSRT wide-field HI survey: I. The background galaxy sample
Creators: name: Braun, Robert
name: Thilker, David
name: Walterbos, Rene
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have used the Westerbork array to carry out an unbiased wide-field survey for HI emission features, achieving an RMS sensitivity of about 18 mJy/Beam at a velocity resolution of 17 km/s over 1800 deg^2 and between -1000 < V_Hel
description: 27 pages, 14 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
Microgoes oculatus
Creators: name: Ferro, Michael L.
name: Gimmel, Matthew L.
name: Harms, Kyle E.
name: Carlton, Christopher E.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Cerambycidae
Microgoes
Microgoes oculatus

description: Microgoes oculatus (LeConte) (Fig. 14)
 Range: eastern North America, south to Alabama, west to Illinois. Habitat: recorded from many plants including dogwood, beech, oak, cottonwood, hickory, maple, and pine. Collection Method: emergence.
 Biology: flight period June to August, feeds under bark and enters wood to pupate. Present Study: significantly higher abundance in primary forest. References: Linsley and Chemsak 1984, 1997; Downie and Arnett 1996; Turnbow and Thomas 2002; Lingafelter 2007; Majka et al. 2011.
description: Published as part of Ferro, Michael L., Gimmel, Matthew L., Harms, Kyle E. & Carlton, Christopher E., 2012, Comparison of Coleoptera emergent from various decay classes of downed coarse woody debris in Great Smoky Mountains National Park, USA, pp. 1-8 in Insecta Mundi 2012 (260) on page 21, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5175284
The Nuclear Source of the Galactic Wind in NGC 253
Creators: name: Günthardt, G. I.
name: Díaz, R. J.
name: Agüero, M. P.
name: Gimeno, G.
name: Dottori, H.
name: Camperi, J. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present Br$γ$ emission line kinematics of the nuclear region of NGC 253, recently known to host a strong galactic wind that limits the global star formation of the galaxy. We obtained high-resolution long-slit spectroscopic data with PHOENIX at Gemini-South, positioning the slit on the nucleus Infrared Core (IRC), close to the nuclear disk major axis. The spatial resolution was 0.35"($\sim$6 pc) and the slit length 14"($\sim$240 pc). The spectral resolution was $\sim$74000, unprecedented high for galactic nuclei observations at $\sim$2.1$μ$m. The line profiles appear highly complex, with blue asymmetry up to 3.5'' away of the IRC, and red asymmetries further away to NE. Several Gaussian components are necessary to fit the profile, nevertheless a narrow and a wide ones predominate. The IRC presents kinematic widths above 700 kms$^{-1}$ (FWZI), and broad component FWHM$\sim$400 kms$^{-1}$, the highest detected in a nearby galaxy. At the IRC, the blue-shifted broad component displays a 90 km s$^{-1}$ bump in radial velocity distribution, a feature we previously detected in molecular gas kinematics. The narrow component velocity dispersion ($\sim$32 kms$^{-1}$) is within the expected for normal galaxies and LIRGs. Intermediate components (FWHM$\sim$150 kms$^{-1}$, red-shifted to NE, blue-shifted to SW) appear at some positions, as well as weaker blue (-215 kms$^{-1}$) and red line wings (+300 kms$^{-1}$). The IRC depicts a large broad vs. narrow line flux-ratio (F(B)/F(N)$\sim$1.35), and the broad component seems only comparable with those observed at very high star-forming rate galaxies. The results indicate that the IRC would be the main source of the galactic winds originated in the central region of NGC 253.
High Tunnels Are My Crop Insurance: An Assessment of Risk Management Tools for Small-scale Specialty Crop Producers
Creators: name: Belasco, Eric J.
name: Galinato, Suzette P.
name: Marsh, Tom
name: Miles, Carol
name: Wallace, Russell
name: Belasco, Eric J.
name: Galinato, Suzette P.
name: Marsh, Tom
name: Miles, Carol
name: Wallace, Russell
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: crop insurance
subject: high tunnels
subject: risk management
subject: specialty crop production

description: High tunnels are being used by specialty crop producers to enhance production yields and quality, extend growing seasons, and protect crops from extreme weather. The tunnels are unheated, plastic-covered structures under which crops are planted directly in the soil, and they provide greater environmental protection and control than open-field production. This study uses field-level experiments to evaluate high-tunnel production. The results suggest that investments in high tunnels can provide increased profits and superior protection against adverse risks relative to crop insurance.
MOESM5 of The effect of dexmedetomidine and clonidine on the inflammatory response in critical illness: a systematic review of animal and human studies
Creators: name: Flanders, Charles
name: Rocke, Alistair
name: Edwardson, Stuart
name: J. Baillie
name: Walsh, Timothy
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 5. Detailed description of human studies.
Crossed chiral band approximation for wideband self-collimation of light
Creators: name: Gumus, Melike
name: Akcaalan, Onder
name: Kurt, Hamza
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a perspective to the evaluation of the wide bandwidth phenomenon, by introducing the band tailoring and chiral band approximation on the self-collimation effect for low-symmetric photonic structures. In the case of the crossing of the bands, we claim the excitation of the lower mode can provide the utilization of the entire bandwidth by suppressing the intersection regions where the frequencies tend to mix. Thereby, we design broadband self-collimation capable, defect-free photonic structures and examine their performances. A fractional bandwidth of $0.35$ (${a}\backslashλ=0.429-0.607$) and $0.37$ (${a}\backslashλ=0.481-0.701$) are achieved for radii of ${r}=0.25{a}$ and ${r}=0.23{a}$, respectively. We explore the full-range collimation using transmission and E-field intensity analysis in addition to band diagrams and group velocity dispersions. Moreover, we indicate all-angle collimation validity even for highly tilted sources up to an angle of $80^\circ$.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Intra-firm Trade in the French Agrifood Multinationals: What changes since 1993?
Creators: name: Chevassus-Lozza, Emmanuelle
name: Galliano, Danielle
name: Chevassus-Lozza, Emmanuelle
name: Galliano, Danielle
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: International Relations/Trade

description: By definition, the multinational firm (MNF) controls a set of affiliates located in different countries. Therefore, it is able to internalize a part of its international trade within a market internal to its organization (intra-firm trade). By this very fact, does intra-firm trade (IFT) become the standard of international trade in the context of increasing corporate globalization and economic regionalization? At all events, they have strongly intensified in the agrifood sector. In 1999, one third of French international trade in agro food products was carried out inside multinational firms. Thus, far from generating a substitution between production and trade, setting up MNF leads to a transformation in the nature of trade, the determinants of which may differ from those directly carried out on the market.
GMO and non-GMO soybean chains: What conditions for a possible coexistence?
Creators: name: Bourgier, Romain
name: Green, Raùl
name: Le Bail, Marianne
name: Soler, Louis-Georges
name: Trouiller, Aurélie
name: Bourgier, Romain
name: Green, Raùl
name: Le Bail, Marianne
name: Soler, Louis-Georges
name: Trouiller, Aurélie
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Environmental Economics and Policy
Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety

description: The European Union has enforced a regulation with the objective of managing voluntary dissemination of genetically modified organisms (GMO) in the environment. Member States can make possible the coexistence of GMO and non-GMO chains to ensure producers’ and consumers’ freedom of choice faced with produce that comes or does not come from genetically modified organisms. In the research presented here, we analyze the conditions of such coexistence and the chains’ abilities to manage two separate issues, from seed to fork.
Neutrino oscillations and evolution in external environments: New effects
Creators: name: Studenikin, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: During a period of about two decades we have realized a programme of systematic investigations of different aspects of neutrino propagation in extreme external environments and have predicted and studied several new phenomena that are engendered by the presence of external magnetic fields and dense matter. The starting point that underlies the research is the fact that the electromagnetic properties of neutrinos open a window to new physics \cite{Giunti:2014ixa,Studenikin:2008bd, Studenikin:2018vnp}. In these brief notes, we recall several new phenomena that have been proposed and investigated earlier. In particular, we discuss: 1) the spin light of neutrino in matter, 2) the neutrino energy quantization in rotating matter, and 3) neutrino start turning mechanism. Then we dwell on results of recent studies: 4) the effects of interplay of neutrino flavour and spin oscillations in a magnetic field, 5) the quantum theory of neutrino spin and spin-flavour oscillations engendered by the transversal mater currents, 6) the amplitude modulation of the flavour neutrino oscillation probability by the transversal matter current. As for references to the literature, only those papers are included in which a particular effect was proposed and considered for the first time and in a number of cases references are also be given to the most recent articles, which contain detailed references to the available literature on the issue.
description: 6 pages in LaTex, to appear in the proceedings of the European Physical Society Conference on High Energy Physics - EPS-HEP2019 - 10-17 July, 2019, Ghent, Belgium. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1912.12491
Computed tomography-derived myocardial radiomics for detection of transthyretin amyloidosis in patients with severe aortic stenosis
Creators: name: Antonopoulos, Alexios S.
name: Panagiotopoulos, Ioannis
name: Karampinos, Konstantinos
name: Spargias, Konstantinos
name: Papastamos, Charalampos
name: Tsampras, Theodoros
name: Axypolitos, Nikolaos
name: Simantiris, Spyridon
name: Benetos, Georgios
name: Ktenopoulos, Nikolaos
name: Kanatas, Panagiotis
name: Koutelou, Maria
name: Toutouzas, Konstantinos
name: Ioannides, Marios
name: Eftychiou, Christos
name: Mourmouris, Christos
name: Vrachliotis, Thomas
name: Antoniades, Charalambos
name: Tsioufis, Konstantinos
name: Vlachopoulos, Charalambos
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2025
Subjects: Space Science
Medicine
Biotechnology
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: We explored the value of myocardial radiomics by computed tomography angiography (CTA) for detection of transthyretin amyloidosis cardiomyopathy (ATTR-CM). The study included 589 patients with aortic stenosis and CTA datasets. Radiomics were extracted from LV myocardium. Arm 1 (n = 400) served for method optimisation and removal of redundant features. In Arm 2 (n = 30), we identified radiomics associated with extracellular volume by CT (ECVCT); in Arm 3 (n = 159), radiomics were compared in patients with/without positive bone scintigraphy scan (training cohort, n = 84; validation cohort, n = 75) to build a radiomic signature for ATTR-CM. In Arm 1, unsupervised clustering of patients based on radiomics was associated with significant differences in patients’ clinical profile among clusters. In Arm 2, we constructed a radiomic-based ECV (correlation with ECVCT: rho = .78, p = 1.2 x 10−6) with excellent diagnostic accuracy for high ECVCT (AUC = .925, 95%CI: .825–1.000, p = .0002). In Arm 3, a radiomic score (AmyloidRS) had good performance for ATTR-CM detection in the training (c-index .88, 95%CI: .80–.95) and validation cohort (c-index .84, 95%CI: .69–.98). When combined with clinical features, AmyloidRS maximised diagnostic accuracy for ATTR (kappa: .894, balanced accuracy .984). We present a radiomic method for myocardial tissue characterisation in patients with severe aortic stenosis which enables ATTR-CM detection from standard CTA scans.
title: Information Shocks, Jumps, and Price Discovery - Evidence from the U.S. Treasury Market
Creators: name: Jiang, George
name: Lo, Ingrid
name: Verdelhan, Adrien
Publisher: name: Bank of Canada
Year: 2008

description: We examine large price changes, known as jumps, in the U.S. Treasury market. Using recently developed statistical tools, we identify price jumps in the 2-, 3-, 5-, 10-year notes and 30-year bond during the period of 2005-2006. Our results show that jumps mostly occur during prescheduled macroeconomic announcements or events. Nevertheless, market surprise based on preannouncement surveys is an imperfect predictor of bond price jumps. We find that a macroeconomic news announcement is often preceeded by an increase in market volatility and a withdrawal of liquidity, and that liquidity shocks play an important role for price jumps in U.S. Treasury market. More importantly, we present evidence that jumps serve as a dramatic form of price discovery in the sense that they help to quickly incorporate market information into bond prices.
description: Les auteurs s'intéressent aux fortes variations de prix, ou « sauts », qui surviennent sur le marché des obligations du Trésor américain. Au moyen d'outils statistiques récents, ils identifient les sauts enregistrés par les prix des obligations à 2, 3, 5, 10 et 30 ans au cours des années 2005 et 2006. Leurs résultats montrent que la plupart des sauts se produisent les jours où des données macroéconomiques doivent être annoncées. Cependant, les variations inattendues, déterminées à partir d'enquêtes menées dans les jours antérieurs à une annonce, constituent un indicateur imparfait des sauts à venir sur le marché des obligations du Trésor américain. Les auteurs constatent plutôt que les annonces macroéconomiques sont souvent précédées d'une accentuation de la volatilité du marché et d'un recul de la liquidité, et que les chocs de liquidité permettent d'expliquer une bonne part des sauts observés sur le marché. Fait encore plus important, ils notent que les sauts jouent un rôle crucial dans le processus de découverte des prix, puisqu'ils contribuent à intégrer rapidement aux prix des obligations l'information disponible sur le marché.
Stenoscelis brevis
Creators: name: Ferro, Michael L.
name: Gimmel, Matthew L.
name: Harms, Kyle E.
name: Carlton, Christopher E.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Curculionidae
Stenoscelis
Stenoscelis brevis

description: Stenoscelis brevis (Boheman) (Fig. 26)
 Range: eastern North America, south to Florida, west to Kansas. Habitat: under bark, hollow tree, emergent from apple wood. Collection Method: sifting/Berlese, emergence. Biology: associated with dead hardwood trees. Present Study: significantly higher abundance in CWD2 and secondary forest.
 References: Packard 1890; Blatchley and Leng 1916; Downie and Arnett 1996; Peck and Thomas 1998; Ciegler 2010; Majka et al. 2011.
 Cryptorhynchinae
description: Published as part of Ferro, Michael L., Gimmel, Matthew L., Harms, Kyle E. & Carlton, Christopher E., 2012, Comparison of Coleoptera emergent from various decay classes of downed coarse woody debris in Great Smoky Mountains National Park, USA, pp. 1-8 in Insecta Mundi 2012 (260) on page 23, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5175284
title: On the Amplification Role of Collateral Constraints
Creators: name: Mendicino, Caterina
Publisher: name: Bank of Canada
Year: 2008

description: Following the seminal contribution of Kiyotaki and Moore (1997), the role of collateral constraints for business cycle fluctuations has been highlighted by several authors and collateralized debt is becoming a popular feature of business cycle models. In contrast, Kocherlakota (2000) and Cordoba and Ripoll (2004) demonstrate that collateral constraints per se are unable to propagate and amplify exogenous shocks, unless unorthodox assumptions on preferences and production technologies are made. The aim of this paper is to examine the contribution of costly debt enforcement procedures in the amplification of business cycle fluctuations through collateral constraints. We show that for realistic degrees of inefficiency, collateral constraints can significantly amplify the effects of productivity shocks on output even under standard assumptions on preferences and technology.
description: Depuis le travail précurseur de Kiyotaki et Moore (1997), plusieurs chercheurs ont mis en lumière le rôle des contraintes de garantie dans les fluctuations du cycle économique, et les créances garanties sont de plus en plus intégrées aux modèles de représentation des cycles. À contrecourant, Kocherlakota (2000) ainsi que Cordoba et Ripoll (2004) ont démontré que la contrainte de garantie en soi n'est pas un vecteur de diffusion et d'amplification des chocs exogènes, à moins que les préférences et les technologies de production ne fassent l'objet d'hypothèses hors norme. L'auteure examine l'influence des procédures coûteuses de recouvrement de dettes sur le rôle amplificateur des contraintes de garantie à l'égard des variations du cycle économique. Elle montre que, à des niveaux d'inefficience réalistes, ces contraintes peuvent intensifier fortement les effets des chocs de productivité sur la production, y compris lorsque les préférences et les technologies sont conformes aux hypothèses habituelles.
title: Do Central Banks Respond to Exchange Rate Movements? Some New Evidence from Structural Estimation
Creators: name: Dong, Wei
Publisher: name: Bank of Canada
Year: 2008

description: This paper investigates the impact of exchange rate movements on the conduct of monetary policy in Australia, Canada, New Zealand and the United Kingdom. We develop and estimate a structural general equilibrium two-sector model with sticky prices and wages and limited exchange rate pass-through. Different specifications for the monetary policy rule and the real exchange rate process are examined. The results indicate that the Reserve Bank of Australia, the Bank of Canada and the Bank of England paid close attention to real exchange rate movements, whereas the Reserve Bank of New Zealand did not seem to incorporate exchange rate movements explicitly into their policy rule. With a higher degree of intrinsic inflation persistence, the central bank of New Zealand seems less concerned about future inflation pressure induced by current exchange rate movements. In addition, the structure of the shocks driving inflation and output variations in New Zealand is such that it may be sufficient for the Reserve Bank of New Zealand to only respond to exchange rate movements indirectly through stabilizing inflation and output.
description: L'auteure étudie l'incidence des mouvements du taux de change sur la conduite de la politique monétaire en Australie, au Canada, en Nouvelle-Zélande et au Royaume-Uni. Elle élabore et estime un modèle structurel d'équilibre général à deux secteurs dans lequel les prix et les salaires sont rigides et les variations du taux de change se répercutent de façon limitée. L'auteure examine différentes spécifications pour la règle de politique monétaire et l'équation de taux de change réel. Les résultats indiquent que la Banque de réserve d'Australie, la Banque du Canada et la Banque d'Angleterre prêtent une attention particulière aux mouvements du taux de change réel, alors que la Banque de réserve de Nouvelle-Zélande ne semble pas les prendre en compte de manière explicite dans sa règle de politique monétaire. Le degré de persistance intrinsèque de l'inflation étant plus élevé en Nouvelle-Zélande, la banque centrale de ce pays est apparemment moins préoccupée des pressions inflationnistes futures que pourraient induire les variations actuelles du taux de change. En outre, la structure des chocs qui déterminent les fluctuations de l'inflation et de la production en Nouvelle-Zélande est telle qu'il suffit peut-être à la banque centrale de réagir de façon indirecte aux mouvements de change en stabilisant l'inflation et la production.
Economic impact of farming innovations: Arbitration between hybrid and inbred line in the seed sector Arbitration between hybrid and inbred line in the seed sector
Creators: name: Ambec, Stefan
name: Lemarie, Stephane
name: Ambec, Stefan
name: Lemarie, Stephane
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: Innovations concerning crop seeds essentially stem from private research. Seed companies may appropriate a larger part of the economic profits from innovation by choosing to create hybrid seeds rather than inbred line seeds. Yet this technological choice also has an impact in terms of efficiency since production costs differ according to the type of seed. This text surveys research work in which we show that, from an economic viewpoint, in some cases, firms’ technological choices may entail a loss. We also show that this loss is reduced by implementing a tax on on-farm-produced seeds from inbred-line seeds, like the “contribution volontaire obligatoire” (compulsory voluntary contribution) (CVC) in the case of wheat in France.
Characteristics of spicy food consumption and its relation to lifestyle behaviours: results from 0.5 million adults
Creators: name: Wen, Qiaorui
name: Wei, Yuxia
name: Du, Huaidong
name: Lv, Jun
name: Guo, Yu
name: Bian, Zheng
name: Yang, Ling
name: Chen, Yiping
name: Chen, Yan
name: Shi, Liya
name: Chen, Junshi
name: Yu, Canqing
name: Chen, Zhengming
name: Li, Liming
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: This study aimed to describe the characteristics and lifestyle differences of spicy food consumption in 0.5 million adults. Participants were recruited from 2004 to 2008 in the baseline research of the CKB study. Higher frequency and stronger pungency degree in spicy food positively correlated with preference for salty taste, eating snacks/deep-fried foods, tea/alcohol drinking and tobacco smoking. Among weekly tea/alcohol drinkers and current regular smokers, participants with a higher frequency of spicy food consumption or preference for stronger pungency degree were more likely to prefer strong tea, drink alcohol exceed the healthy amount, drink alcohol in the morning every day, smoke ≥ 40 cigarettes per day, consume a larger amount of tea leaves, alcohol and cigarettes each day, and start habitual tea/alcohol drinking or smoking at an earlier age. Differences existed in lifestyle factors related to major chronic diseases according to spicy food consumption frequency and pungency degree among the Chinese population.
Organizational innovations and food safety monitoring in the fresh produce industry
Creators: name: Bignebat, Celine
name: Codron, Jean-Marie
name: Bignebat, Celine
name: Codron, Jean-Marie
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety

description: Although organoleptic quality and freshness remain the main cause of consumers’ dissatisfaction, retailers are already thinking ahead about the effects of a possible consumers’ confidence crisis regarding the safety quality of fresh fruit and vegetables. Chain procedures for the implementation of good agricultural practices (GAP) and monitoring systems of pesticide residues are beginning to emerge. In the United Kingdom, the part played by retailers who take on all the food safety risk (penal and commercial risk) is central. In France, the first to market (penal risk) and the retailer (commercial risk) share the safety risk. More complex systems are at work. This is notably the case of collective agreements on negotiated controls between importers and public authorities.
Xylosandrus crassiusculus
Creators: name: Ferro, Michael L.
name: Gimmel, Matthew L.
name: Harms, Kyle E.
name: Carlton, Christopher E.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Curculionidae
Xylosandrus
Xylosandrus crassiusculus

description: Xylosandrus crassiusculus (Motschulsky) (Fig. 31)
 Range: northeastern United States, west to Texas. Habitat: attacks landscape and nursery stock.
 Collection Method: emergence, Frontalin-baited trap. Biology: introduced species from Asia, reported to attack cut or injured trees 1.5 cm diameter to large logs. Present Study: significantly higher abundance in secondary forest. References: Wood 1982 (and references therein); Peck and Thomas 1998; Rabaglia 2003.
description: Published as part of Ferro, Michael L., Gimmel, Matthew L., Harms, Kyle E. & Carlton, Christopher E., 2012, Comparison of Coleoptera emergent from various decay classes of downed coarse woody debris in Great Smoky Mountains National Park, USA, pp. 1-8 in Insecta Mundi 2012 (260) on page 24, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5175284
Food safety and retailers’ collective norms: impact on supply and food chains
Creators: name: Fulponi, Linda
name: Géraud-Héraud, Eric
name: Hammoudi, Hakim
name: Valceschini, Egizio
name: Fulponi, Linda
name: Géraud-Héraud, Eric
name: Hammoudi, Hakim
name: Valceschini, Egizio
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Agribusiness
Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
Industrial Organization

description: Nowadays, there is increasing involvement of the retail industry in the implementation of norms securing food products. When norms are the result of coordinated actions, they fall within the scope of inter-firm relationships forcing intermediate market transactions to comply with priory-defined specifications. When they are individual, these initiatives contribute to a better differentiation toward competition, and favour promotion on markets. The question here is to assess those norms’ impact on the economic organization of food chains and show how they can effectively contribute to a global improvement in food safety.
title: Good Policies or Good Fortune: What Drives the Compression in Emerging Market Spreads?
Creators: name: Maier, Philipp
name: Vasishtha, Garima
Publisher: name: Bank of Canada
Year: 2008

description: Since 2002, spreads on emerging market sovereign debt have fallen to historical lows. Given the close links between sovereign spreads, capital flows to emerging markets, and economic growth, understanding the factors driving these spreads is very important. We address this issue in two stages. First, we use factor analysis to study the extent to which emerging market bond spreads are driven by global factors, as opposed to country-specific macroeconomic fundamentals. Using data on different U.S. asset classes, we identify a common factor, linked to global financial conditions. Second, we use this common factor in a panel estimation framework to analyze the degree to which the fall in spreads is driven by better macroeconomic policies. Our results show that the common factor is not responsible for the reduction in spreads. Instead, emerging markets have benefited considerably from better macroeconomic policies, including lower inflation and lower debt. Therefore, a reversal of the benign global conditions need not necessarily have a substantial negative impact on financing conditions for emerging markets.
description: Depuis 2002, les écarts sur les obligations émises par les pays à marché émergent se situent à des creux historiques. Étant donné les liens étroits qui existent entre les écarts sur les emprunts souverains, les flux de capitaux vers les marchés émergents et la croissance économique de ces derniers, il est très important de comprendre les déterminants de ces écarts. Nous abordons cette question en deux étapes. Nous recourons d'abord à une analyse factorielle pour évaluer dans quelle mesure les écarts sur les obligations de pays à marché émergent dépendent de facteurs mondiaux, par opposition aux variables macroéconomiques fondamentales propres à chaque pays. L'examen des données relatives à différentes classes de titres américains permet de dégager un facteur commun, lié aux conditions financières internationales. Nous intégrons ensuite ce facteur commun à un cadre de régression sur données de panel, en vue de cerner l'influence de l'amélioration des politiques macroéconomiques sur le rétrécissement des écarts. Nous constatons que le facteur commun n'est pas responsable de la baisse des écarts. Celle-ci s'explique plutôt par l'application de meilleures politiques macroéconomiques dans les marchés émergents, notamment par la réduction de l'inflation et de la dette. Il se peut, par conséquent, qu'un renversement des conditions financières favorables à l'échelle internationale n'ait pas d'effet négatif important sur les conditions de financement offertes aux marchés émergents.
Public quality labels: results of a public policy
Creators: name: Hassan, Daniel
name: Monier-Dilhan, Sylvette
name: Réquillart, Vincent
name: Hassan, Daniel
name: Monier-Dilhan, Sylvette
name: Réquillart, Vincent
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy

description: Public quality labels represent an important device in French agricultural policy. First intended for farmers to whom they brought a way to ease off cost-related competition, their scope of application has been progressively extended to the whole range of agrifood products. They are frequently associated with well-known private brands and more recently to stores’ own brands. Beyond its technical aspects - homogenization and quality labelling -, this quality policy also represents a policy of development and occupation of the rural area. What are the consequences on the promotion of products in comparison with standard products? What kind of redistribution does it allow upstream, towards agricultural producers who are the first recipients? The purpose of this paper is to present a few research results on these two matters.
Assessing the Safety and Reliability of Autonomous Vehicles from Road Testing
Creators: name: Zhao, Xingyu
name: Robu, Valentin
name: Flynn, David
name: Salako, Kizito
name: Strigini, Lorenzo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: There is an urgent societal need to assess whether autonomous vehicles (AVs) are safe enough. From published quantitative safety and reliability assessments of AVs, we know that, given the goal of predicting very low rates of accidents, road testing alone requires infeasible numbers of miles to be driven. However, previous analyses do not consider any knowledge prior to road testing - knowledge which could bring substantial advantages if the AV design allows strong expectations of safety before road testing. We present the advantages of a new variant of Conservative Bayesian Inference (CBI), which uses prior knowledge while avoiding optimistic biases. We then study the trend of disengagements (take-overs by human drivers) by applying Software Reliability Growth Models (SRGMs) to data from Waymo's public road testing over 51 months, in view of the practice of software updates during this testing. Our approach is to not trust any specific SRGM, but to assess forecast accuracy and then improve forecasts. We show that, coupled with accuracy assessment and recalibration techniques, SRGMs could be a valuable test planning aid.
title: Price-Level versus Inflation Targeting with Financial Market Imperfections
Creators: name: Covas, Francisco
name: Zhang, Yahong
Publisher: name: Bank of Canada
Year: 2008

description: This paper compares price-level-path targeting (PT) with inflation targeting (IT) in a sticky-price, dynamic, general equilibrium model augmented with imperfections in both the debt and equity markets. Using a Bayesian approach, we estimate this model for the Canadian economy. We show that the model with both debt and equity market imperfections fits the data better and use it to compare PT versus the estimated current IT regime. We find that in general PT outperforms the current IT regime. However, the gain is lower when financial market imperfections are taken into account.
description: L'étude compare une règle comportant une cible de niveau des prix à une règle axée sur la poursuite d'une cible d'inflation, dans le cadre d'un modèle dynamique d'équilibre général à prix rigides qui intègre des marchés obligataire et boursier imparfaits. À l'aide d'une approche bayésienne, les auteurs estiment ce modèle pour l'économie canadienne. Ils montrent qu'un modèle qui présuppose la présence d'imperfections sur ces deux marchés décrit mieux les données et se servent du modèle estimé pour comparer un régime ciblant le niveau des prix au régime actuel de cibles d'inflation. De façon générale, le régime prenant pour cible le niveau des prix s'avère supérieur au régime actuel, mais sa supériorité est moins marquée lorsque l'imperfection des marchés financiers est prise en compte.
Optical Transmission Spectra of Hot-Jupiters: Effects of Scattering
Creators: name: Sengupta, Sujan
name: Chakrabarty, Aritra
name: Tinetti, Giovanna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present new grids of transmission spectra for hot-Jupiters by solving the multiple scattering radiative transfer equations with non-zero scattering albedo instead of using the Beer-Bouguer-Lambert law for the change in the transmitted stellar intensity. The diffused reflection and transmission due to scattering increases the transmitted stellar flux resulting into a decrease in the transmission depth. Thus we demonstrate that scattering plays a double role in determining the optical transmission spectra -- increasing the total optical depth of the medium and adding the diffused radiation due to scattering to the transmitted stellar radiation. The resulting effects yield into an increase in the transmitted flux and hence reduction in the transmission depth. For a cloudless planetary atmosphere, Rayleigh scattering albedo alters the transmission depth up to about 0.6 micron but the change in the transmission depth due to forward scattering by cloud or haze is significant throughout the optical and near-infrared regions. However, at wavelength longer than about 1.2 $μ$m, the scattering albedo becomes negligible and hence the transmission spectra match with that calculated without solving the radiative transfer equations. We compare our model spectra with existing theoretical models and find significant difference at wavelength shorter than one micron. We also compare our models with observational data for a few hot-Jupiters which may help constructing better retrieval models in future.
description: 20 pages (AASTEX6.2) including 14 eps colour figures. Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal