cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Macrostatistics and Fluctuating Hydrodynamics
Creators: name: Sewell, Geoffrey L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extend our earlier macrostatistical treatment of hydrodynamical fluctuations about nonequilibrium steady states to viscous fluids. Since the scale dependence of the Navier-Stokes equations precludes the applicability of any infinite scale (hydrodynamical) limit, this has to be based on the generic model of a large but finite system, rather than an infinite one. On this basis, together with assumptions of Onsager's regression hypothesis and conditions of local equilibrium and chaoticity, we show that the hydrodynamical fluctuations of a reservoir driven fluid about a nonequilibrium steady state execute a Gaussian Markov process that constitutes a mathematical structure for a generalised version of Landau's fluctuating hydrodynamics and generically carries long range spatial correlations.
description: Revised article, with some minor corrections. To be published in "Reports on Mathematical Physics"
Vacuum-Induced Coherence in Ultracold Photoassociative Ro-Vibrational Excitations
Creators: name: Das, Sumanta
name: Rakshit, Arpita
name: Deb, Bimalendu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that coherence between two excited ro-vibrational states belonging to the same molecular electronic configuration arises quite naturally due to their interaction with electromagnetic vacuum. For initial preparation of a molecule in the desired ro-vibrational states, we propose to employ the method of ultracold photoassociation. Spontaneous decay of the excited molecule then gives rise to vacuum induced coherence between the excited ro-vibrational states. We demonstrate theoretically an interesting interplay of effects due to vacuum induced coherence and photoassociation. We apply our theory to photoassociation of bosonic Ytterbium (^{174}Yb) atoms which appear to be a promising system for exploring such interplay. The effects discussed here can be important for controlling decoherence and dissipation in molecular systems.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Additional file 1 of Survival benefit of induction chemotherapy for locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma: prognosis based on a new risk estimation model
Creators: name: Liu, Wei
name: Yu, Bolong
name: Luo, Yunfan
name: Li, Junzheng
name: Yuan, Xiaofei
name: Wu, Shuting
name: Liang, Bijun
name: Lv, Zehong
name: Li, Yanfei
name: Peng, Xinyu
name: Lu, Juan
name: Peng, Xiaohong
name: Liu, Xiong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: Medicine
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Cancer
Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Table 1 Multivariate analysis of failure-free survival (FFS). Supplementary Table 2. Multivariate analysis of overall survival (OS). Supplementary Table 3. Multivariate analysis of locoreginal failure free survival (LFFS). Supplementary Table 4. Multivariate analysis of distant failure free survival (DFFS).
Fabrication and investigation of nano-channeled anodized aluminum oxide (AAO) microcantilever gas/vapour sensors with enhanced sensitivity and modified selectivity
Creators: name: Taghvaie, Ehsan
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Applied Mechanics
subject: Chemistry--General

description: Microcantilevers as one of the most fundamental forms of MEMS devices have found extensive applications in various fields including sensors during the last decade. Simple mechanism, high throughput fabrication, direct and fast conversion of chemical/ biological stimulus to mechanical response in orders of a few nanometers, and high-precision are among the most significant merits of microcantilevers as sensors. As for the material used for designing microcantilever-based sensors, Anodic Aluminum Oxide (AAO) shows promise for its nano-porous nature which leads to increased surface area. This research explores the possibility of increasing the sensitivity of AAO-based microcantilever sensors by transforming the nano-welled porous surface into nano-channels. Effect of channel dimensions on the mechanical characteristics are studied. Despite all the qualities microcantilever offers as a sensor platform, it lacks the inherent selectivity. So, while measuring a certain gas, it may adsorb miscellaneous molecules such as moisture leading to false positive results. In this research, we have attempted to tailor the selectivity of the sensor preventing water molecules by rendering the cantilever surface’s hydrophobic. Furthermore, while most of the previous studies dealt with merely the resonant frequency and quality factor of the microcantilever sensor in a single flow or gas condition, it has been tried to go further and investigate the cantilever’s response in both forms of resonant frequency and quality factor exposed to different flow conditions and find the correlation between the physical and chemical modification made to the cantilevers on their dynamic responses.
Sugarcane bagasse as a novel low/no cost organic carbon source for growth of Chlorella sp. BR2
Creators: name: Manzoor, Maleeha
name: Jabeen, Faiza
name: Thomas-Hall, Skye R
name: Altaf, Javaria
name: Younis, Tahira
name: Schenk, Peer M.
name: Qazi, Javed Iqbal
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: Science Policy

description: The most sustainable and eco-friendly approaches for biodiesel production now a days is microalgae farming due to its prompt growth rate, not affecting food chain and high oil yields. However, pilot scale harvesting is not economically feasible. Cultivating microalgae on food wastes/food industrial wastes will help improving the problem significantly. Microalgae have been employed on various wastes/industrial effluents which have been proved to be valuable nutrient sources. Sugarcane bagasse was utilized as low-cost carbon source in the present study which is one of abundantly available, biodegradable and cheap agro-industrial food waste. The highest productivity of 0.056 g L−1 d−1, lipid contents of 13.55% and protein contents of 31.5% were observed when Chlorella sp. BR2 was grown mixotrophically in bagasse. Fatty acids analyzed via GCMS, showed that the C16 and C18 were predominating fatty acids in Chlorella grown mixotrophically in bagasse and hence make it a suitable feedstock for the production of a good quality biodiesel. Thus the present study proved that Chlorella sp. BR2 appears potential candidate for biodiesel production while utilizing sugarcane bagasse as an organic carbon substrate.
The Democrats' Dilemma: Choice between Loving Healthcare and Hating Trade
Creators: name: Bhagwati, Jagdish N.
name: Madan, Sandip
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2008
Subjects: Commerce
Public policy (Law)

description: Healthcare reform has acquired salience in the forthcoming Presidential election, with anxiety over wages and jobs making the economy a leading issue. Yet, while the Democratic contenders, Senators Clinton and Obama, offer alternative comprehensive plans, they both leave important gaps regarding two key questions. The first concerns the availability of doctors to meet the needs of the newly-insured, a problem that Governor Mitt Romney ran into when he introduced comprehensive medical coverage in Massachusetts. The second concerns the fiscal cost of comprehensive coverage, a problem that killed (in January 2008) yet another Republican Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger’s ambitious attempt at healthcare reform in California. To address these questions effectively, both the candidates can ill afford to ignore exploiting the potential offered by international transactions in medical services.  But to do this, they will need to abandon the Democratic Party’s growing antipathy to an embrace of openness: loving healthcare and hating trade are incompatible positions.
Biodiesel as a non-aqueous medium for the synthesis of nanomaterials: relevance to metallic particulate suspensions in biofuels and their removal
Creators: name: Kaur, Rajpreet
name: Khullar, Poonam
name: Gupta, Anita
name: Ahluwalia, Gurinder Kaur
name: Bakshi, Mandeep Singh
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: In relevance to materials chemistry, this study presents biodiesel as an important non-aqueous medium for the synthesis of nanomaterials by demonstrating the synthesis of most versatile gold (Au) and silver (Ag) nanoparticles (NPs) in biodiesel medium. We show single-step in situ synthesis of Au and Ag NPs using biodiesels prepared from soybean and olive oil. Both biodiesels proved to be excellent solvents, reducing agents, and stabilizing agents for Au and Ag NPs. Au and Ag NPs were characterized by transmission electron microscope and XRD analyses, and were within the range of ∼10–50 nm. Colloidal stabilization of NPs by the surface adsorption of biodiesel was evaluated by detailed FT-IR analysis and determined to be driven by the ester head group of biodiesel molecules. Biodiesel-stabilized NPs in aqueous phase were efficiently extracted in the organic phase without using any phase transfer agent, suggesting the applicability of biodiesel in entrapping metal particulates and removing them from the aqueous phase with relevance to environmental sustainability.
Low-temperature photoluminescence of oxide-covered single-layer MoS2
Creators: name: Plechinger, G.
name: Schrettenbrunner, F. -X.
name: Eroms, J.
name: Weiss, D.
name: Schüller, C.
name: Korn, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a photoluminescence study of single-layer MoS2 flakes on SiO2 surfaces. We demonstrate that the luminescence peak position of flakes prepared from natural MoS2, which varies by up to 25 meV between individual as-prepared flakes, can be homogenized by annealing in vacuum, which removes adsorbates from the surface. We use HfO2 and Al2O3 layers prepared by atomic layer deposition to cover some of our flakes. We clearly observe a suppression of the low-energy luminescence peak observed for as-prepared flakes at low temperatures, indicating that this peak originates from excitons bound to surface adsorbates. We also observe different temperature-induced shifts of the luminescence peaks for the oxide-covered flakes. This effect stems from the different thermal expansion coefficients of the oxide layers and the MoS2 flakes. It indicates that the single-layer MoS2 flakes strongly adhere to the oxide layers and are therefore strained.
description: 3 pages, 2 figures
Decoding CUDA Binary - Opcodes
Creators: name: Hayes, Ari B.
name: Hua, Fei
name: Huang, Jin
name: Chen, Yanhao
name: Zhang, Eddy Z.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: This document is intended as an appendix for our paper "Decoding CUDA Binary", published in CGO'19 (International Symposium on Code Generation and Optimization). It describes instructions' opcodes for multiple CUDA architectures.
Bioethanol production from whey powder by immobilized E. coli expressing Vitreoscilla hemoglobin: optimization of sugar concentration and inoculum size
Creators: name: Sar, Taner
name: Stark, Benjamin C.
name: Akbas, Meltem Yesilcimen
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: A combined Vitreoscilla hemoglobin/immobilization system was evaluated for ethanol production using whey powder as a carbon source and ethanologenic E. coli strain FBR5 and its Vitreoscilla hemoglobin (VHb) expressing derivative strain, TS3. The effects of varying the inoculation concentration (5, 10, 20 or 30%) of alginate beads containing cells of either strain, and the lactose levels (8–15%) of whey powder media (WP8-WP15), were studied. Ethanol production was enhanced in strain TS3 compared to strain FBR5 for all combinations of inoculation size and medium lactose concentration. This enhancement increased from 41% to 83% with an 8–15% increase in lactose concentration. The maximum amount of ethanol, 4.64% (v/v) with 99% fermentation efficiency, was produced after growth for 72 h by immobilized strain TS3, using 10% bead inoculation and medium containing 8% lactose.
Analysis of phonon-induced spin relaxation processes in silicon
Creators: name: Song, Yang
name: Dery, Hanan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study all of the leading-order contributions to spin relaxation of \textit{conduction} electrons in silicon due to the electron-phonon interaction. Using group theory, $k\cdot p$ perturbation method and rigid-ion model, we derive an extensive set of matrix element expressions for all of the important spin-flip transitions in the multi-valley conduction band. The scattering angle has an explicit dependence on the electron wavevectors, phonon polarization, valley position and spin orientation of the electron. Comparison of the derived analytical expressions with results of empirical pseudopotential and adiabatic band charge models shows excellent agreement.
description: 30 pages,10 figures
title: Civilian and Military Power (Australia)
title: Civilian and Military Power (Australia)
Creators: name: Connor, John
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: o.P. Australien
subject: Weltkrieg [1914-1918]
subject: Militär
subject: Politik
subject: o.P. World War, 1914-1918
subject: Australia--Politics and government

description: Civilians in the Australian government contended with two types of military power in the Great War: generals of the Australian Imperial Force (AIF), and British army military commanders and the War Office who had operational control of the AIF. In most cases, Australian and British officers automatically complied with the Australian government’s requests and demands. The exceptions to this include: Australian brigade commanders refusing to accept a new divisional commander, British attempts to apply the death penalty to Australian soldiers, and the War Office refusing home leave to AIF soldiers, apparently because Australia had not introduced conscription.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
Rallus nanus Alcover, Pieper, Pereira and Rando, nomen novum
Creators: name: Alcover, Josep Antoni
name: Pieper, Harald
name: Pereira, Fernando
name: Rando, Juan Carlos
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Gruiformes
Rallidae
Rallus
Rallus nanus

description: Consequently, Rallus minutus has been used previously at least three times, with different meaning, two as invalid junior homonyms, and all are synonyms of other taxa: Rallus minutus Gmelin 1789 [= Hapalocrex flaviventer (Boddaert 1783)], Rallus minutus Pallas 1811 [= Zapornia pusilla (Pallas, 1776)], Rallus minutus JR Forster 1844 [= Zapornia tabuensis (JF Gmelin 1789)], and thus is an unavailable name. We thus propose a new name for the rail from São Jorge: Rallus nanus Alcover, Pieper, Pereira and Rando, nomen novum
 replacement name for Rallus minutus Alcover, Pieper, Pereira and Rando 2015, non Rallus minutus JF Gmelin 1789, non Rallus minutus Pallas 1811, non Rallus minutus JR Forster 1844
 Etymology— latin name for dwarf.
 Description, distribution and related data— see Alcover et al. (2015).
 Type designation and material— see Alcover et al. (2015).
description: Published as part of Alcover, Josep Antoni, Pieper, Harald, Pereira, Fernando & Rando, Juan Carlos, 2016, Rallus nanus nomen novum: a replacement name for Rallus minutus Alcover et al. 2015, pp. 141-142 in Zootaxa 4085 (1) on pages 141-142, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4085.1.8, http://zenodo.org/record/1053289
Data from: Global marine flyways identified for long-distance migrating seabirds from tracking data
Creators: name: Morten, Joanne
name: Garcia Alonso, Virginia
name: Davies, Tammy
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Seabirds
migration
flyways
biologging
ecological connectivity

description: Aim: To identify the broad-scale oceanic migration routes ('marine flyways') used by multiple pelagic, long-distance migratory seabirds based on a global compilation of tracking data.

Location: Global

Time period: 1989 – 2023

Major taxa studied: Seabirds (Families: Phaethontidae, Hydrobatidae, Diomedeidae, Procellariidae, Laridae and Stercorariidae)

Methods: We collated a comprehensive global tracking dataset that included the migratory routes of 48 pelagic and long-distance migrating seabird species across the Atlantic, Indian, Pacific and Southern Oceans. We grouped individuals that followed similar routes, independent of species or timings of migration, using a dynamic time warping clustering approach. We visualized the routes of each cluster using a line density analysis and used knowledge of seabird spatial ecology to combine the clusters to identify the broad-scale flyways followed by most pelagic migratory seabirds tracked to-date at an ocean-basin scale.

Results: Six marine flyways were identified across the world's oceans: the Atlantic Ocean Flyway, North Indian Ocean Flyway, East Indian Ocean Flyway, West Pacific Ocean Flyway, Pacific Ocean Flyway, and Southern Ocean Flyway. Generally, the flyways were used bi-directionally, and individuals either followed sections of a flyway, a complete flyway, or their movements linked to two or more flyways. Transhemispheric figure-of-eight routes in the Atlantic and Pacific oceans, and a circumnavigation flyway in the Southern Ocean correspond with major wind-driven ocean currents.

Main conclusions: The marine flyways identified demonstrate that pelagic seabirds have similar and repeatable migration routes across ocean-basin scales. Our study highlights the need to account for connectivity in seabird conservation and provides a framework for international cooperation.
description: Funding provided by: International Climate Initiative (IKI)Crossref Funder Registry ID: Award Number: GOBI-IKI
description: We collated and standardised seabird tracking data for pelagic, long-distance migratory species according to previously developed protocols (Carneiro et al., 2020). We assigned the annual life cycle stage to each location, and only those recorded during migration were used in our analyses. We processed and filtered tracking data to exclude individuals that did not meet a set of criteria. Individuals were then grouped based on the shape of the migratory route, irrespective of species identity or the timing of migration. We estimated line densities for each cluster of individuals and the results were smoothed and combined where appropriate to delineate a network of marine flyways.
title: Smuts, Jan Christian
title: Smuts, Jan Christian
Creators: name: Samson, Anne
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Smuts, Jan Christiaan
subject: Smuts, Jan Christiaan, 1870-1950

description: Jan Smuts was a South African lawyer and statesman who ultimately became deputy prime minister of the Union of South Africa. During the war, Smuts was Minister of Defence, Finance and Mines. He served for a time in German South West Africa before commanding the Imperial forces in East Africa for ten months in 1916. He represented South Africa at the Imperial meetings in London, regularly attended the British War Cabinet, and in 1919 signed the Versailles agreement.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
Khovanov module and the detection of unlinks
Creators: name: Hedden, Matthew
name: Ni, Yi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57M27, 57M25

description: We study a module structure on Khovanov homology, which we show is natural under the Ozsvath-Szabo spectral sequence to the Floer homology of the branched double cover. As an application, we show that this module structure detects trivial links. A key ingredient of our proof is that the H_1/Torsion module structure on Heegaard Floer homology detects S^1xS^2 connected summands.
description: 47 pages, 4 figures; Corrected error in the proof that the Khovanov module is a link invariant; Added details on homological cancellation in the presence of a filtration; Introduction revised; Typos and minor errors corrected
Decoding CUDA Binary - Special Registers
Creators: name: Hayes, Ari B.
name: Hua, Fei
name: Huang, Jin
name: Chen, Yanhao
name: Zhang, Eddy Z.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: This document is intended as an appendix for our paper "Decoding CUDA Binary", published in CGO'19 (International Symposium on Code Generation and Optimization). It describes special register names and encodings on CUDA architectures.
Microrobotic Streak Seeding for Protein Crystal Growth
Creators: name: Georgiev, Atanas
name: Allen, Peter K.
name: Song, Ting
name: Laine, Andrew F.
name: Edstrom, William
name: Hunt, John F.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2005
Subjects: Biomedical engineering

description: We present a microrobotic system for protein crystal micromanipulation tasks. The focus in this paper is on the task known to crystallographers as streak seeding — it is used to entice certain protein crystals to grow. Our system features a set of custom designed micropositioner end-effectors we call microshovels to replace traditional tools used by crystallographers for this task. We have used micro-electrical mechanical system (MEMS) techniques to design and manufacture various shapes and quantities of microshovels. Visual input from a camera mounted on the microscope is used to detect the locations of the source crystals which the tool needs to touch as well as the locations of the target protein droplets for seeding. We present experimental results that illustrate the applicability of our approach.
Drosophila as a useful model for understanding the evolutionary physiology of obesity resistance and metabolic thrift
Creators: name: Gray, Lindsey J.
name: Sokolowski, Marla B.
name: Simpson, Stephen J.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Evolved metabolic thriftiness in humans is a proposed contributor to the obesity epidemic. Insect models have been shown to evolve both ‘metabolic thrift’ in response to rearing on high-protein diets that promote leanness, and ‘obesity resistance’ when reared on fattening high-carbohydrate, low-protein foods. Despite the hypothesis that human obesity is caused by evolved metabolic thrift, genetic contributions to this physiological trait remain elusive. Here we conducted a pilot study to determine whether thrift and obesity resistance can arise under laboratory based ‘quasi-natural selection’ in the genetic model organism Drosophila melanogaster. We found that both these traits can evolve within 16 generations. Contrary to predictions from the ‘thrifty genotype/phenotype’ hypothesis, we found that when animals from a metabolic thrift inducing high-protein environment are mismatched to fattening high-carbohydrate foods, they did not become ‘obese’. Rather, they accumulate less triglyceride than control animals, not more. We speculate that this may arise through as yet un-quantified parental effects – potentially epigenetic. This study establishes that D. melanogaster could be a useful model for elucidating the role of the trans- and inter-generational effects of diet on the genetics of metabolic traits in higher animals.
Relaxation Matrix for Symmetric Tops with Inversion Symmetry: Line Coupling and Line Mixing Effects on NH3 Lines in the nu4 Band
Creators: name: Ma, Qiancheng
name: Boulet, C.
name: Tipping, R. H.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Chemistry, Physical and theoretical
Fourier transformations
Wave functions
Ammonia--Spectra
Spectral line formation

description: Line shape parameters including the half-widths and the off-diagonal elements of the relaxation matrix have been calculated for self-broadened NH3 lines in the perpendicular nu4 band. As in the pure rotational and the parallel nu1 bands, the small inversion splitting in this band causes a complete failure of the isolated line approximation. As a result, one has to use formalisms not relying on this approximation. However, due to differences between parallel and perpendicular bands of NH3, the applicability of the formalism used in our previous studies of the nu1 band and other parallel bands must be carefully verified. We have found that, as long as potential models only contain components with K1 = K2 = 0, whose matrix elements require the selection rule ∆k = 0, the formalism is applicable for the nu4 band with some minor adjustments. Based on both theoretical considerations and results from numerical calculations, the non-diagonality of the relaxation matrices in all the PP, RP, PQ, RQ, PR, and RR branches is discussed. Theoretically calculated self-broadened half-widths are compared with measurements and the values listed in HITRAN 2012. With respect to line coupling effects, we have compared our calculated intra-doublet off-diagonal elements of the relaxation matrix with reliable measurements carried out in the PP branch where the spectral environment is favorable. The agreement is rather good since our results do well reproduce the observed k and j dependences of these elements, thus validating our formalism.
Probing natural SUSY from stop pair production at the LHC
Creators: name: Cao, Junjie
name: Han, Chengcheng
name: Wu, Lei
name: Yang, Jin Min
name: Zhang, Yang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the natural supersymmetry scenario in the framework of the R-parity conserving minimal supersymmetric standard model (called natural MSSM) and examine the observability of stop pair production at the LHC. We first scan the parameters of this scenario under various experimental constraints, including the SM-like Higgs boson mass, the indirect limits from precision electroweak data and B-decays. Then in the allowed parameter space we study the stop pair production at the LHC followed by the stop decay into a top quark plus a lightest neutralino or into a bottom quark plus a chargino. From detailed Monte Carlo simulations of the signals and backgrounds, we find the two decay modes are complementary to each other in probing the stop pair production, and the LHC with $\sqrt{s}= 14$ TeV and 100 $fb^{-1}$ luminosity is capable of discovering the stop predicted in natural MSSM up to 450 GeV. If no excess events were observed at the LHC, the 95% C.L. exclusion limits of the stop masses can reach around 537 GeV.
description: 19 pages, 10 figures, version accepted by JHEP
The Genomic Basis of Adaptive Response to Anthelmintic Treatment in Two Species of Parasitic Nematodes
Creators: name: Jasper, Russell
Publisher: name: Science
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: haemonchus contortus
subject: teladorsagia circumcincta
subject: anthelmintic resistance
subject: genotypic convergence
subject: benzimidazole
subject: ivermectin
subject: genetic convergence
subject: adaptation
subject: Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Parasitology

description: Despite rapid increases in next-generation sequencing studies, relatively little is known about how often species evolve convergently at the genotypic level, using the same loci to respond to a similar selection pressure (hereafter, genotypic convergence). Here we investigate similar adaptive responses in two species of parasitic nematodes, H. contortus and T. circumcincta, and test for possible genotypic convergence between species. After treating populations on farms across Western Canada with antiparasitic drugs, either fenbendazole or ivermectin, we use whole genome shotgun sequencing to identify loci putatively involved in drug resistance in each species and test for genotypic convergence. Despite both species facing similar environments and selection pressures and showing similar resistance statuses, we found no evidence for polygenic genotypic convergence for resistance. Although the response to selection was not strongly repeated between species, we did identify six candidate genes for resistance which were repeated between species.
Generational cohort effects on trends in the drug overdose mortality epidemic in the United States
Creators: name: Venter, Gary
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Actuarial science
Cohort analysis
Drug abuse--Mortality

description: Background: Mortality from drug overdose has increased sharply over recent decades. The purpose of this study is to estimate the variation in overdose mortality across generational cohorts, particularly for white non-hispanic males - a group hit especially hard. Actuaries estimate mortality rates by year-of-birth cohorts for pricing life insurance and annuities. Their Lee-Carter plus cohorts model is applied here to estimate trend by year, pickup rate of trend by age, and cohort impacts on overdose mortality rates in the period 1999-2015 for ages 17-61.

Findings: Overdose mortality increased most markedly for the older ages but also for the youngest in this period. Drug mortality for ages 54-61 increased as the pre-boomer generation moved out of this range. The early millennials - born 1981-1990 - have sharply higher mortality rates than any other generation after controlling for age and trend. The later millennials are showing much lower overdose mortality. After adjusting for cohort effects, the trend rate was higher in 1999-2007 than in the following years, but 2013-15 gets back towards the higher trend range.

Conclusion: The Lee-Carter plus cohorts model suggests that as they move across the age groups the early millennial cohort will create a bulge in overdose mortality rates that will then subside substantially for the late millennials.
title: Schnee, Heinrich
title: Schnee, Heinrich
Creators: name: Steinbach, Daniel
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: o.P. Schnee, Heinrich
subject: o.P. Schnee, Heinrich, 1871-1949

description: Heinrich Schnee was the governor of German East Africa between 1912 and 1919. During the war, he remained with the German colonial troops under the command of Paul von Lettow-Vorbeck until their surrender in November 1918. In the interwar years, Schnee was one of the most energetic and prominent activists for colonial revisionism.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
It's time to stop and listen : exploring adolescents' understandings and experiences of aggression
Creators: name: Brown, Jonathan Edward
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: Throughout the extensive literature on aggression few attempts have been made to examine the experiences of aggression from the perspective of adolescents. The purpose of this dissertation was to understand how adolescents experience aggression. Specifically, this dissertation examined how adolescents (a) define aggression, (b) experience acceptable aggression, (c) associate bullying and aggression in general, and (d) understand intentionality in the context of aggression. A total of 11 focus groups were conducted with a purposive sample of 59 adolescents aged 12 to 18 years (M = 15.1). Data from these group discussions were thematically analyzed. Participants were found to produce definitions of aggression that were consistent with formal definitions. However, participants further grounded their conceptualizations of aggression in terms of anger and tone, which are not referenced in the most widely used formal definitions. Acceptable aggression was premised on the thematically derived construct of social positioning, which is a multifaceted index of social status and vulnerability to aggression within the social hierarchy. Social positioning was found to consist of four elements: (a) reputation agency, (b) chronological status, (c) social power, and (d) physical toughness. Participants described bullying as a function rather than a unique form of aggression. However, it was found to be distinct from the commonly accepted functions of aggression (i.e., instrumental and reactive) according to (a) the power differential between the perpetrator and target and (b) the repetitive nature of the behaviour. Based on these results, it was argued that the functions of aggression should be classified according to a trichotomy of instrumental, reactive, and bullying. In looking at intentionality, while participants had some similarities to previous research, they added that intentionality is comprised of further components such as performing the intended behaviour, obtaining the desired goal, and intensity. Intensity was not only found in the context of physical aggression, but also in nonphysical aggression in the degree to which the perpetrator manipulates the event. From these results, recommendations were also made on the future development of adolescent intervention strategies.
Sperm viability varies with buffer and genotype in Drosophila melanogaster
Creators: name: Guo, Ruijian
name: Henke, Anna-Lena
name: Reinhardt, Klaus
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Sperm quality, an important male fitness trait, is commonly compared between studies. However, few studies consider how genetic and environmental variation affects sperm quality, even in the genetic model Drosophila melanogaster. Here we show that sperm viability, the proportion of live sperm, differed across the genotypes Oregon-R, Dahomey, and Canton-S by more than 15%, and across buffers (phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), Grace’s Medium and Drosophila Ringer solution) by more than 20%. In terms of genotype-buffer pair comparisons, nearly half of the comparisons would produce significant differences in sperm viability (15 in 36), or its temporal decrease in a stress medium (19 in 36). Grace’s medium produced the longest-lived sperm in vitro and the smallest differences between genotypes, Drosophila Ringer Solution produced the shortest lifespan and the largest differences. Our results suggest that fly and other sperm researchers would benefit from a standardized protocol of measuring sperm viability.
Hybrid Land Administration and Street-Level Bureaucracy in Peri-Urban Settlements: A study of Waitiki Farm, Kenya
Creators: name: Muthama, Dennis Mbugua
Publisher: name: Schulich School of Engineering
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Land Tenure, Land Administration, Kenya, Peri-Urban, Informal Settlement,
subject: Chemistry
subject: Physics--Theory

description: The thesis develops hybrid governance and street-level bureaucracy theories, as a set of hypotheses, to explain land administration effectiveness in Waitiki, an in situ regularised peri-urban informal settlement in Mombasa, Kenya. Peri-urban informal settlements in Sub-Saharan Africa are dynamic and complex situations under which conventional land administration systems are likely to be dysfunctional. To improve the effectiveness of land administration systems in peri-urban settlements, the study argues that it is necessary to explore how street-level land administration officials provide services and how the multiple land governance systems relate. In addition, the study draws upon Lipsky’s Street Level bureaucracy theory and Hybrid Governance theory to develop hypotheses to explain street-level land administration officials (SLAOs) service delivery and hybrid governance arrangements inter-relationship. Using these hypotheses and drawing on the aforementioned theories, two theories as sets of hypotheses suited to the Waitiki case were developed. To investigate the research problem a case study strategy of inquiry was adopted. A single case, Waitiki Farm, was used in the study. Waitiki Farm was chosen because it is an informal settlement that was upgraded in situ and hybrid land governance continues to prevail. Both official and unofficial organisations and leadership structures play a role in land tenure administration. In addition, SLAOs are active in Waitiki Farm. Data was collected from multiple sources. The primary data comprised a total of 105 semi-structured interviews involving 148 people. I used 42 key-person interviews and 57 door-to-door interviews with residents. Secondary data included historical documents, national and county government documents, the courts’ law reports and documents, NGO documents, land administration, and demographic documentary, and online data from different government agencies. The fieldwork was undertaken between May and November 2017. To build theory, an interpretive approach was used i.e., interpreting data as the research progresses and building on prior theories as one does not start from a clean slate. Hybrid governance and Street Level bureaucracy theories were developed from the Waitiki data analysis. The hybrid governance theory that emerged explained that the de facto hybrid governance arrangement continues to be dominant and influential in in-situ regularised peri-urban settlements because SLAOs and residents use them for different land tenure administration functions.
Conformal invariance of tensor bosons tree amplitudes
Creators: name: Antoniadis, Ignatios
name: Savvidy, George
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The BCFW recursion relation allows to find out the tree-level scattering amplitudes for gluons and tensor gauge bosons in generalized Yang-Mills theory. We demonstrate that the corresponding MHV amplitudes for the tensor gauge bosons of spin-s and n gluons are invariant under conformal group transformations. We discuss and compare the tree-level scattering amplitudes for the charged tensor bosons with the corresponding scattering amplitudes for gravitons, stressing their differences and similarities.
description: 17 pages; references added; Mod.Phys.Lett.A (2012). arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1007.3756
Decision tree based seismic retrofit selection for non-code conforming reinforced concrete buildings
Creators: name: Al-Chatti, Qusay
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research (PEER) Center has developed a comprehensive framework for quantitative assessment of performance level of structures. The framework relies on integrated work of four consecutive stages to provide probabilistic description of system level performance in terms of repair cost, downtime, casualties, deaths or any other parameter of interest to engineers and stakeholders. This is for the purpose of communicating behaviour of facility under earthquake in term of identified damage states and expected economic losses, thus treats possible disconnection between engineers and stakeholders on the desired performance target for the facility. Key objective of this dissertation is to present simplified version of the PEER framework to conduct earthquake-related financial loss studies for structures in a computationally efficient manner. The presented framework is utilized in this investigation to examine and compare efficiency of alternative seismic strengthening technique to control earthquake-induced monetary losses of a non-ductile hotel building, representative of 1960s construction. The framework integrates knowledge obtained by analyzing seismic environment at building site, investigation of structural demand, and quantifying levels of structural damage and consequential financial losses. Damage measures are computed, by generating fragility models, to link structural response directly to monetary losses. Seismic-induced economic losses are predicted by converting fragility information (i.e. damage probabilities) into financial losses utilizing inventory and monetary losses data of HAZUS-MH. The economic losses computed in this investigation included direct costs, such as construction cost of retrofit, and repair and replacement cost of the facility. In addition, indirect costs, such as losses due damage of building content and business interruption, as well as consequential losses, such as job and housing losses were also considered. Finally, decision tree model was implemented, as a final component of the framework, to establish a decision-assisting platform that enables transparent comparison and selection of the best retrofit option to reduce owner’s susceptibility for financial losses.
AIDS research must link to local policy
Creators: name: Abdool Karim, Salim
name: Abdool Karim, Quarraisha
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: Public health
Epidemiology
HIV (Viruses)
AIDS (Disease)--Research

description: HIV research in South Africa is world class. To halt the country's epidemic, scientists need to shift focus from global problems to priorities at home.
title: Literature (Italy)
title: Literature (Italy)
Creators: name: Todero, Fabio
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: o.P. Italien
subject: Weltkrieg [1914-1918]
subject: Literatur
subject: o.P. World War, 1914-1918--Literature and the war
subject: Italy

description: Literary activity in Italy during the Great War was based on a very wide range of genres and individual works the aesthetic value of which was highly varied. Nonetheless, in order fully to understand the phenomenon, and given the importance of the memory of the conflict, it is necessary to try and reconstruct, as far as is possible, the larger picture, setting aside the literary merit of particular works, and referring also to the literature created by the popular classes. Nor can we afford to neglect the impact upon Italian literary memory of fascism, which largely hinged upon the myth of the Great War.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
QCD critical region and higher moments for three flavor models
Creators: name: Schaefer, Bernd-Jochen
name: Wagner, Mathias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of the distinctive feature of the QCD phase diagram is the possible emergence of a critical endpoint. The critical region around the critical point and the path dependency of the critical exponents is investigated within effective chiral (2+1)-flavor models with and without Polyakov-loops. Results obtained in no-sea mean-field approximations where a divergent vacuum part in the fermion-loop contribution is neglected, are confronted to the renormalized ones. Furthermore, the modifications caused by the back-reaction of the matter fluctuations on the pure Yang-Mills system are discussed. Higher order, non-Gaussian moments of event-by-event distributions of various particle multiplicities are enhanced near the critical point and could serve as a probe to determine its location in the phase diagram. By means of a novel derivative technique higher order generalized quark-number susceptibilities are calculated and their sign structure in the phase diagram is analyzed.
description: 12 pages, 11 figures. Final PRD version (references and one more equation added)
title: Renascença Portuguesa
title: Renascença Portuguesa
Creators: name: Brites Rosa, Eliana
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: o.P. Renascença Portuguesa
subject: o.P. Renascença Portuguesa (Society)

description: The ''Renascença Portuguesa'' (1912-1932) was an important cultural movement during the republican regime (1910-1926) in Portugal. This intellectual group was founded in Porto, in the northern part of Portugal. It supported the participation of Portugal in the First World War and developed intense war propaganda.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
Library support for an academic medical center's institutional animal care and use committee (IACUC)
Creators: name: Chilov, Marina
name: Matsoukas, Konstantina
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2005
Subjects: Library science
Medical libraries--Reference services

description: Building a communication network between an academic medical center’s library and its Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) can lead to specialized reference services that aid institutions in meeting the information requirements of the Animal Welfare Act.
The Dynamics of the Solar Radiative Zone
Creators: name: Eff-Darwich, Antonio
name: Korzennik, Sylain G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dynamics of the solar radiative interior are still poorly constrained by comparison to the convective zone. This disparity is even more marked when we attempt to derive meaningful temporal variations. Many data sets contain a small number of modes that are sensitive to the inner layers of the Sun, but we found that the estimates of their uncertainties are often inaccurate. As a result, these data sets allow us to obtain, at best, a low resolution estimate of the solar core rotation rate down to approximately 0.2R. We present inferences based on mode determination resulting from an alternate peak-fitting methodology aimed at increasing the amount of observed modes that are sensitive to the radiative zone, while special care was taken in the determination of their uncertainties. This methodology has been applied to MDI and GONG data, for the whole Solar Cycle 23, and to the newly available HMI data. The numerical inversions of all these data sets result in the best inferences to date of the rotation in the radiative region. These results and the method used to obtain them are discussed. The resulting profiles are shown and analyzed, and the significance of the detected changes discussed.
description: 16 pages, 13 figures, to appear in Solar Physics