cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: A Stratigraphic Reconstruction of Bulk Volatile Chemistry from Fluid Inclusions in: Glenorchy 1
Creators: name: C., Boreham
name: S., Cowan
name: C., Boreham
name: M., Duffett
name: D., Hall
name: J., Chao
name: W., Phiukhao
name: R., Lishansky
name: R., Moore
name: D., Groves
name: A., Feitz
name: A., McNeill
name: D., Green
Publisher: name: Commonwealth of Australia (Geoscience Australia)
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: EARTH SCIENCES
subject: fluid inclusion
subject: thin section
subject: microthemometry
subject: EFTF - Exploring for the Future
subject: National Hydrogen Project
subject: Published_External

description: Exploring for the Future (EFTF) is an Australian Government program led by Geoscience Australia (GA), in partnership with state and Northern Territory governments. The EFTF program (2016-2024) aims to drive industry investment in resource exploration in frontier regions of onshore Australia by providing new precompetitive data and information about their energy, mineral and groundwater resource potential. Under the EFTF program, GA’s National Hydrogen Project and in collaboration with Minerals Resources Tasmania (MRT) undertook a study of hydrogen and helium potential of south-east Tasmania with the sampling of cores from Glenorchy 1 in the surrounds of Hobart. This well was selected based on the availability of core and historic reports of hydrogen-rich natural gases from petroleum exploration wells in the region. Sampling of cores was done at MRT’s Core Repository in Hobart. Geoscience Australia commissioned a fluid inclusion stratigraphy (FIS) study on the downhole samples. Here, volatile components ostensibly trapped with fluid inclusions are released and analysed revealing the level of exposure of the well section to migrating fluids. Integration of thin section (TS) preparations reveal the extent of gas and fluid trapping within fluid inclusions while microthemometry (MT) gives an estimation of fluid inclusion trapping temperature. For Glenorchy 1, FIS analysis was performed on 173 cores between 6 m and 613.9 m base depth, together with 8 samples prepared for TS and 1 sample for MT. To support this study, lithostratigraphic tops were compiled by MRT. The results of the study are found in the accompanying documents.
Optical Forbidden Emission Line Spectro-astrometry of T CrA: Evidence for a Multiple System and Multiple Jets
Creators: name: Whelan, Emma
name: Murphy, Aisling
name: Pascucci, Ilaria
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spectro-astrometry is applied to echelle spectra of the young intermediate mass star T CrA. The aim is to better understand the origin of the [O I] and [S II] emission from T CrA and further explore the usefulness of spectro-astrometry to the search for a reliable tracer of MHD disk winds. The analysis reveals a small-scale curved jet in an east-west direction and inclined parallel to the plane of the sky. It is the inclination of this jet which led to the classification of the forbidden emission lines as a low-velocity component. Thus spectro-astrometry highlights here that for close to edge-on disks spatial information is necessary. The position angle of the jet is not perpendicular to the position angle of the accretion disk nor does it agree with older observations of outflows likely driven by T CrA. The mass outflow rate of 5 - 10 $\times$ 10$^{-8}$ \Msun/yr is within the range for intermediate mass stars. We conclude that more than one outflow is driven by the T CrA system and that the curvature seen in the first detection of an outflow from T CrA and in the data presented here is likely due to the multiplicity of the system.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
XUV emission of the young planet-hosting star V1298\,Tau from coordinated observations with XMM-Newton and HST
Creators: name: Maggio, A.
name: Pillitteri, I.
name: Argiroffi, C.
name: Benatti, S.
name: Sanz-Forcada, J.
name: D'Orazi, V.
name: Biazzo, K.
name: Borsa, F.
name: Cabona, L.
name: Claudi, R.
name: Desidera, S.
name: Locci, D.
name: Nardiello, D.
name: Mancini, L.
name: Micela, G.
name: Rainer, M.
name: Spinelli, R.
name: Bignamini, A.
name: Damasso, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Atmospheric mass loss plays a major role in the evolution of exoplanets. This process is driven by the stellar high-energy irradiation, especially in the first hundreds of millions of years after dissipation of the proto-planetary disk. A major source of uncertainty in modeling atmospheric photo-evaporation and photo-chemistry is due to the lack of direct measurements of the stellar flux at EUV wavelengths. Several empirical relationships have been proposed in the past to link EUV fluxes to emission levels in X-rays, but stellar samples employed for this aim are heterogeneous, and available scaling laws provide significantly different predictions, especially for very active stars. We present new UV and X-ray observations of V1298 Tau with HST/COS and XMM-Newton, aimed to determine more accurately the XUV emission of this solar-mass pre-Main Sequence star, which hosts four exoplanets. Spectroscopic data were employed to derive the plasma emission measure distribution vs.\ temperature, from the chromosphere to the corona, and the possible variability of this irradiation on short and year-long time scales, due to magnetic activity. As a side result, we have also measured the chemical abundances of several elements in the outer atmosphere of V1298 Tau. We employ our results as a new benchmark point for the calibration of the X-ray to EUV scaling laws, and hence to predict the time evolution of the irradiation in the EUV band, and its effect on the evaporation of exo-atmospheres.
description: 17 pages, 14 figures. Accepted for pubblication on ApJ
A cavity and further radial substructures in the disk around HD~97048
Creators: name: van der Plas, G.
name: Wright, C. M.
name: Ménard, F.
name: Casassus, S.
name: Canovas, H.
name: Pinte, C.
name: Maddison, S. T.
name: Maaskant, K.
name: Avenhaus, H.
name: Cieza, L.
name: Perez, S.
name: Ubach, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context: Gaps, cavities and rings in circumstellar disks are signposts of disk evolution and planet-disk interactions. We follow the recent suggestion that Herbig Ae/Be disks with a flared disk harbour a cavity, and investigate the disk around HD~97048. Aims: We aim to resolve the 34$\pm$ 4 au central cavity predicted by Maaskant et al. (2013) and to investigate the structure of the disk. Methods: We image the disk around HD~97048 using ALMA at 0.85~mm and 2.94~mm, and ATCA (multiple frequencies) observations. Our observations also include the 12CO J=1-0, 12CO J=3-2 and HCO+ J=4-3 emission lines. Results: A central cavity in the disk around HD~97048 is resolved with a 40-46 au radius. Additional radial structure present in the surface brightness profile can be accounted for either by an opacity gap at ~90 au or by an extra emitting ring at ~150 au. The continuum emission tracing the dust in the disk is detected out to 355 au. The 12CO J=3-2 disk is detected 2.4 times farther out. The 12CO emission can be traced down to $\approx$ 10 au scales. Non-Keplerian kinematics are detected inside the cavity via the HCO+ J=4-3 velocity map. The mm spectral index measured from ATCA observations suggests that grain growth has occurred in the HD~97048 disk. Finally, we resolve a highly inclined disk out to 150 au around the nearby 0.5~$M_{\odot}$ binary ISO-ChaI 126. Conclusions: The data presented here reveal a cavity in the disk of HD 97048, and prominent radial structure in the surface brightness. The cavity size varies for different continuum frequencies and gas tracers. The gas inside the cavity follows non-Keplerian kinematics seen in HCO+ emission. The variable cavity size along with the kinematical signature suggests the presence of a substellar companion or massive planet inside the cavity.
description: 18 pages, 16 figures. Accepted to Astronomy & Astrophysics September 3rd 2016
First detection of deuterated methylidyne (CD) in the interstellar medium
Creators: name: Jacob, Arshia M.
name: Menten, Karl M.
name: Wyrowski, Friedrich
name: Sipilä, Olli
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: While the abundance of elemental deuterium is relatively low (D/H ~ a few 1E-5), orders of magnitude higher D/H abundance ratios have been found for many interstellar molecules, enhanced by deuterium fractionation. In cold molecular clouds (T < 20K) deuterium fractionation is driven by the H2D+ ion, whereas at higher temperatures (T > 20-30K) gas-phase deuteration is controlled by reactions with CH2D+ and C2HD+. While the role of H2D+ in driving cold interstellar deuterium chemistry is well understood, thanks to observational constraints from direct measurements of H2D+, deuteration stemming from CH2D+ is far less understood, caused by the absence of direct observational constraints of its key ions. Therefore, making use of chemical surrogates is imperative for exploring deuterium chemistry at intermediate temperatures. Formed at an early stage of ion-molecule chemistry, directly from the dissociative recombination of CH3+ (CH2D+), CH (CD) is an ideal tracer for investigating deuterium substitution initiated by reactions with CH2D+. This paper reports the first detection of CD in the interstellar medium, carried out using the APEX 12m telescope toward the widely studied low-mass protostellar system IRAS 16293-2422. Gas-phase chemical models reproducing the observed CD/CH abundance ratio of 0.016 suggests that it reflects `warm deuterium chemistry' (which ensues in moderately warm conditions of the interstellar medium) and illustrates the potential use of the CD/CH ratio in constraining the gas temperatures of the envelope gas clouds it probes.
description: Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics (14 pages, 11 figures and 7 tables including Appendix)
Excluding static and spherically symmetric black holes in Einsteinian cubic gravity with unsuppressed higher-order curvature terms
Creators: name: De Felice, Antonio
name: Tsujikawa, Shinji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Einsteinian cubic gravity is a higher-order gravitational theory in which the linearized field equations of motion match Einstein's equations on a maximally symmetric background. This theory allows the existence of a static and spherically symmetric black hole solution where the temporal and radial metric components are equivalent to each other ($f=h$), with a modified Schwarzschild geometry induced by cubic curvature terms. We study the linear stability of the static and spherically symmetric vacuum solutions against odd-parity perturbations without dealing with Einsteinian cubic gravity as an effective field theory where the cubic curvature terms are always suppressed relative to the Ricci scalar. Unlike General Relativity containing one dynamical perturbation, Einsteinian cubic gravity has three propagating degrees of freedom in the odd-parity sector. We show that at least one of those dynamical perturbations always behaves as a ghost mode. We also find that one dynamical degree of freedom has a negative sound speed squared $-1/2$ for the propagation of high angular momentum modes. Thus, the static and spherically symmetric hairy black hole solutions realized by unsuppressed cubic curvature terms relative to the Ricci scalar are excluded by ghost and Laplacian instabilities.
description: 11 pages, no figures, Comments on arXiv:2306.02924 are added
Borophene as an extremely high capacity electrode material for Li-ion and Na-ion batteries
Creators: name: Zhang, Xiaoming
name: Hu, Junping
name: Cheng, Yingchun
name: Yang, Hui Ying
name: Yao, Yugui
name: Yang, Shengyuan A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two-dimensional (2D) materials as electrodes is believed to be the trend for future Li-ion and Na-ion batteries technologies. Here, by using first-principles methods, we predict that the recently reported borophene (2D born sheet) can serve as an ideal electrode material with high electrochemical performance for both Li-ion and Na-ion batteries. The calculations are performed on the two experimentally stable borophene structures, namely \b{eta}12 and \c{hi}3 structures. The optimized Li and Na adsorption sites are identified, and the host materials are found to maintain good electric conductivity before and after adsorption. Besides advantages including small diffusion barriers and low average open-circuit voltages, most remarkably, the storage capacity can be as high as 1984 mA h g-1 in \b{eta}12 borophene and 1240 mA h g-1 in \c{hi}3 borophene for both Li and Na, which is several times higher than the commercial graphite electrode and is the highest among all the 2D materials discovered to date. Our results highly support that borophenes can be appealing anode materials for both Li-ion and Na-ion batteries with extremely high power density.
On the seafloor horizontal displacement from cGPS and compass data in the Campi Flegrei caldera
Creators: name: Trombetti, Tiziana
name: Burigana, Carlo
name: De Martino, Prospero
name: Guardato, Sergio
name: Macedonio, Giovanni
name: Iannaccone, Giovanni
name: Chierici, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Seafloor deformation monitoring is now performed in the marine sector of the Campi Flegrei volcanic area. MEDUSA infrastructure consists of 4 buoys at depths of 40-96m equipped with cGPS receivers, accelerometers and magnetic compasses to monitor buoy status and a seafloor module with a bottom pressure recorder. We study the seafloor deformation in the caldera. Previously we show that cGPS onland network and MEDUSA timeseries for the years 2017-2020 are in agreement with the deformation predicted by a Mogi model describing the observed deformation of an active volcano. Only for buoy A data differ significantly from model, at 6.9sigma and 23.7sigma for the horizontal speed (v) and direction. We devised a new method to reconstruct the sea bottom displacement including cGPS and compass data. The method, applied to buoy A and validated also on C, uses compass data to correct cGPS positions accounting for pole inclination. Including systematic errors, the internal consistency, within 3sigma (2sigma) for the speed (angle), between the results derived for different maximum inclinations of the buoy pole up to 3.5deg shows that the method allows to significantly reduce the impact of the pole inclination which can alter the estimation. We find good convergence of the velocity and deformation angle for increasing values of the buoy pole inclination. We found v=3.521+-0.039(stat)+-0.352(syst)cm/yr and an angle -115.159+-0.670(stat)+-7.630(syst)deg. The relative impact of potential systematics (statistical) effects increases (decreases) with cutoff. Our analysis gives v consistent with Mogi at 5.2sigma(stat) or 0.5sigma(stat and syst), and a deformation angle consistent at 4.3sigma(stat) or at 0.3sigma. The module of the vectorial difference between v from the data and Mogi diminishes by a factor 7.65+-1.23(stat) or +-5.78(stat+syst) compared with previous work. Potential improvements are discussed.
description: 26 pages, 10 figures, accepted for pubblication on Journal of Geodesy
Current noise generated by spin imbalance in presence of spin relaxation
Creators: name: Khrapai, V. S.
name: Nagaev, K. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate current (shot) noise in a metallic diffusive conductor generated by spin imbalance in the absence of a net electric current. This situation is modeled in an idealized three-terminal setup with two biased ferromagnetic leads (F-leads) and one normal lead (N-lead). Parallel magnetization of the F-leads gives rise in spin-imbalance and finite shot noise at the N-lead. Finite spin relaxation results in an increase of the shot noise, which depends on the ratio of the length of the conductor ($L$) and the spin relaxation length ($l_s$). For $L\gg l_s$ the shot noise increases by a factor of two and coincides with the case of the anti-parallel magnetization of the F-leads.
PERDA PRECOCE DO PRIMEIRO MOLAR PERMANENTE E SUAS CONSEQUÊNCIAS PARA O DESENVOLVIMENTO DA OCLUSÃO: REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
Creators: name: Renata Cristina Silva DUARTE
name: Sérgio Martins ALMEIDA
name: Marlene Ribeiro de OLIVEIRA
name: Jhonatan Ranieri RIBEIRO
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Primeiro Molar Permanente
Cárie dentária
Perda precoce

description: RESUMO

O primeiro molar permanente é um dente de extrema importância na cavidade oral, ele desempenha papéis notáveis tanto no desenvolvimento da dentição quanto na função mastigatória, sendo referência para a chave de oclusão. A perda prematura de primeiros molares é mais comumente associada à evolução da cárie não tratada. A perda prematura dos dentes pode ter um impacto significativo na saúde oral e geral de uma pessoa, afetando a capacidade de mastigar os alimentos adequadamente, bem como a estética do sorriso. O objetivo do presente estudo foi fazer uma revisão da literatura sobre a perda precoce do primeiro molar permanente e suas consequências para o desenvolvimento da oclusão. A metodologia realizada foi uma revisão bibliográfica por meio de artigos publicados no período de 2009 e 2023 nas bases de dados do Google Acadêmico, Biblioteca Eletrônica Científica Online (SciELO), Centro Latino-Americano e do Caribe de Informação em Ciências da Saúde (Bireme) e Medline. Foram utilizados os seguintes descritores: perda precoce, primeiro molar permanente, carie dentária e má oclusão. Os artigos foram selecionados de acordo com o objetivo da revisão, abordando as causas e consequências nos casos de perda precoce dos primeiros molares permanentes. Em conclusão é sabido que os molares permanentes são de suma importância para a cavidade bucal. De acordo com a literatura pesquisada a ausência do primeiro molar permanente resulta em uma série de distúrbios secundários, com diversas consequências para o indivíduo, tanto funcional quanto estético. A literatura mostra que grande parte dos pais ou responsáveis não tem informações suficientes sobre a importância do primeiro molar permanente, fato que pode ter uma relação importante a ser considerada nesta análise. Desta forma chamamos a atenção para a necessidade de uma maior interação entre pais/responsáveis e cirurgiões-dentistas para que a prevalência de perda precoce do primeiro molar permanente seja cada vez menor.
D4.5–Dissemination and Communication Final Report
Creators: name: Serna, Carmen
name: Edvardsen, Dag Fjeld
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: bimprove
communication
dissemination

description: Communication and dissemination are key elements of BIMprove project. Since the beginning of its implementation, the partners have carried out an outstanding impact strategy that has brought interesting results, enabling the project to highlight and disseminate its outcomes with the community of practice built. In this final report, BIMprove showcases the set of actions developed (branding strategy, website and social networks daily updates, participation at events, publications and articles, generation of multimedia material, stakeholder collaboration, among others) leading to the great impact of the project achieved.
Does executive autonomy reduce second-order election effects?
Creators: name: Schakel, Arjan H.
name: Verdoes, Alexander
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: The second-order election (SOE) model expects voters to punish parties in national government and reward opposition, small and new parties because there is ‘less at stake’ in an SOE. One key assumption that is rarely studied is whether SOE-effects depend on the extent to which voters can impact the selection of the executive in an SOE. This article argues that executive ­autonomy – i.e. the extent to which executives are independent from the parliament regarding their formation, termination and execution of their competences – increases the impact of authority. Executive autonomy reduces SOE-effects when authority is high but increases SOE-effects when authority is low. An empirical analysis of 41,603 vote share swings for 4733 parties competing in 2665 elections held in 282 regions in 14 European countries between 1945 and 2019 confirms the hypotheses. These results have important implications for electoral democracy and party competition at the regional, national and European level.
Changing generational tides: the transformation of electoral participation in European Parliament elections
Creators: name: Li, Chiao
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: Electoral turnout has been declining in nearly all Western democracies. While scholars have identified the ‘negative’ effects of generational replacement and forecasted how turnout will continue to decline, the turnout in the 2019 European Parliament election surged to its highest participatory level in the last two decades, driven surprisingly by increased youth participation. This age-period-cohort study investigates whether and to what extent younger generations socialised in changing electoral contexts turn out at different levels than their generational counterparts. Analysing survey data from the EES and the CSES across 28 European countries over decades reveals a reversing generational participatory pattern in EP elections and a narrowing turnout gap between national and European Parliament elections across younger generations, despite differences in Western and Eastern Europe. These results have important implications for the effect of generation on turnout and future trends of electoral participation.
Effects of optimisation parameters on data-driven magnetofrictional modelling of active regions
Creators: name: Kumari, A.
name: Price, D. J.
name: Daei, F.
name: Pomoell, J.
name: Kilpua, E. K. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Data-driven time-dependent magnetofrictional modelling (TMFM) of active region magnetic fields has been proven to be a useful tool to study the corona. The input to the model is the photospheric electric field that is inverted from a time series of the photospheric magnetic field. Constraining the complete electric field, that is, including the non-inductive component, is critical for capturing the eruption dynamics. We present a detailed study of the effects of optimisation of the non-inductive electric field on the TMFM of AR12473. We aim to study the effects of varying the non-inductive electric field on the data-driven coronal simulations, for two alternative parametrisations. By varying parameters controlling the strength of the non-inductive electric field, we wish to explore the changes in flux rope formation and their early evolution and other parameters, for instance, axial flux and magnetic field magnitude.The non-inductive electric field component in the photosphere is critical for energising and introducing twist to the coronal magnetic field, thereby allowing unstable configurations to be formed. We estimated this component using an approach based on optimising the injection of magnetic energy. However, the flux rope formation, evolution and eruption time varies depending on the values of the optimisation parameters. The flux rope is formed and has overall similar evolution and properties with a large range of non-inductive electric fields needed to determine the non-inductive electric field component that is critical for energising and introducing twist to the coronal magnetic field. This study shows that irrespective of non-inductive electric field values, flux ropes are formed and erupted, which indicates that data-driven TMFM can be used to estimate flux rope properties early in their evolution without employing a lengthy optimisation process.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures, 1 table. Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Overlooked de- and realignment? Cohort differences in consideration sets
Creators: name: Mitteregger, Reto
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: Space Science
Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Developmental Biology
Cancer
Science Policy
Mental Health

description: While it is established that core values and voting behaviour persistently differ between birth cohorts, less is known about the consideration set stage that lies between those two points of the electoral decision. However, studying cohort differences in the consideration stage can help even better to detect underlying cohort-driven transformations of the electoral decision than the final vote choice. This article thus studies this ‘overlooked’ stage: Do newer cohorts consider voting for more parties than earlier cohorts? And how does the composition of the consideration sets differ? These questions are analysed by using data from the European Election Studies, covering thirty years and fifteen countries. APC-mixed-regressions show that newer cohorts are more likely to include more parties in their consideration sets. Furthermore, cohort differences exist regarding which parties are represented in consideration sets. Those results have important implications for understanding cohort-driven de- and realignment, as well as increasing trends of volatility.
D4.6 – Impact Assessment and Exploitation Final Report
Creators: name: Edvardsen, Dag Fjeld
name: Nyen, Per Aage
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: bimprove
impact
exploitation

description: This deliverable summarizes the exploitation, standardization and sustainability of the BIMprove project. Evaluation of the impact created by the project, outlining the exploitation model followed and sustainability strategy proposed. This includes key exploitable assets, contribution to SDOs, market readiness assessment and knowledge and protection management plan.
A life course approach to political preference formation across social classes
Creators: name: Ares, Macarena
name: van Ditmars, Mathilde M.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: While social class has received renewed attention as a driver of political conflict in Western democracies, little is known about when political differences by classes emerge and consolidate. Are they a direct consequence of individuals’ economic prospects and daily experiences on the job, or are they driven by a sorting process responding to family origin and earlier formative experiences? This study applies a life course approach to identify the impact of (future) social classes during early adulthood, in the transition to employment, and the transition to the main class of destination. These longitudinal analyses using British and Swiss panel data allow for adjudicating the stage(s) at which political preferences become more marked across social classes. The results indicate that differences by (future) class are apparent early in life, and that they consolidate during employment. This research advances current and historical debates about social class as a relevant milieu of political socialisation and public opinion formation.
For women only? Politicians’ attitudes towards men’s role in gender equality representation
Creators: name: Höhmann, Daniel
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: The article analyses politicians’ attitudes towards men’s participation in the representation of gender equality interests. Recent studies emphasise the participation of men politicians, since gender equality should be understood as a concern for both women and men in society. Conversely, it is argued that women politicians, who share gender-specific experiences of discrimination with other women, are the primary actors in gender equality representation. This article explores to what extent these viewpoints are shared among politicians in Canada, Portugal, Romania and Switzerland, and analyses the socio-demographic and ideological determinants influencing politicians’ support for an active role of men representatives. Data from the Comparative Candidate Study (2019–2024) show that almost half of the candidates consider gender equality as a field primarily suited to women representatives. Older candidates, as well as those with conservative ideological positions, are more inclined to view women as the primary actors in gender equality representation.
Document Clustering Games in Static and Dynamic Scenarios
Creators: name: Tripodi, Rocco
name: Pelillo, Marcello
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this work we propose a game theoretic model for document clustering. Each document to be clustered is represented as a player and each cluster as a strategy. The players receive a reward interacting with other players that they try to maximize choosing their best strategies. The geometry of the data is modeled with a weighted graph that encodes the pairwise similarity among documents, so that similar players are constrained to choose similar strategies, updating their strategy preferences at each iteration of the games. We used different approaches to find the prototypical elements of the clusters and with this information we divided the players into two disjoint sets, one collecting players with a definite strategy and the other one collecting players that try to learn from others the correct strategy to play. The latter set of players can be considered as new data points that have to be clustered according to previous information. This representation is useful in scenarios in which the data are streamed continuously. The evaluation of the system was conducted on 13 document datasets using different settings. It shows that the proposed method performs well compared to different document clustering algorithms.
description: This paper will be published in the series Lecture Notes in Computer Science (LNCS) published by Springer, containing the ICPRAM 2016 best papers
Evolution of solar and stellar dynamo theory
Creators: name: Charbonneau, Paul
name: Sokoloff, Dmitry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, written as a general historical and technical introduction to the various review papers collected in the special issue ``Solar and Stellar Dynamo: A New Era'', we review the evolution and current state of dynamo theory and modelling, with emphasis on the solar dynamo. Starting with a historical survey, we then focus on a set of ``tension points'' that are still left unresolved despite the remarkable progress of the past century. In our discussion of these tension points we touch upon the physical well-posedness of mean-field electrodynamics; constraints imposed by magnetic helicity conservation; the troublesome role of differential rotation; meridional flows and flux transpost dynamos; competing inductive mechanisms and Babcock-Leighton dynamos; the ambiguous precursor properties of the solar dipole; cycle amplitude regulation and fluctuation through nonlinear backreaction and stochastic forcing, including Grand Minima; and the promises and puzzles offered by global magnethydrodynamical numerical simulations of convection and dynamo action. We close by considering the potential bridges to be constructed between solar dynamo theory and modelling, and observations of magnetic activity in late-type stars.
description: 37 pages, 5 figures, in collection "Solar and Stellar Dynamos: A New Era"(ISSI, June 2022) ; submitted to Space Science Reviews
Kinematic Determinants of the Instep Soccer Kick in Elite Adult Soccer Players: A Systematic Review
Creators: name: Petrolo, Antonio
name: Howarth, Samuel
name: Mastragostino, Paul
name: Corso, Melissa
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Life Sciences
subject: Biomechanics
subject: Sports Sciences
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Kinesiology

description: Our objective is to conduct a systematic review to describe the kinematics associated with the instep soccer kick in elite adult soccer players.
Models for the long-term variations of solar activity
Creators: name: Karak, Bidya Binay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One obvious feature of the solar cycle is its variation from one cycle to another. In this article, we review the dynamo models for the long-term variations of the solar cycle. By long-term variations, we mean the cycle modulations beyond the 11-year periodicity and these include, the Gnevyshev-Ohl/Even-Odd rule, grand minima, grand maxima, Gleissberg cycle, and Suess cycles. After a brief review of the observed data, we present the dynamo models for the solar cycle. By carefully analyzing the dynamo models and the observed data, we identify the following broad causes for the modulation: (i) magnetic feedback on the flow, (ii) stochastic forcing, and (iii) time delays in various processes of the dynamo. To demonstrate each of these causes, we present the results from some illustrative models for the cycle modulations and discuss their strengths and weakness. We also discuss a few critical issues and their current trends. The article ends with a discussion of our current state of ignorance about comparing detailed features of the magnetic cycle and the large-scale velocity from the dynamo models with robust observations.
description: Invited review article for Living Reviews in Solar Physics, in press (53 pages including 25 figures)
Generational (re)alignment: emerging issues and new voters in Western Europe
Creators: name: Jocker, Thomas
name: van der Brug, Wouter
name: Rekker, Roderik
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Voting behaviour in Western Europe has become increasingly structured by attitudes towards socio-cultural issues, such as immigration and European unification. This study examines whether generational differences affect this form of realignment. By combining data from the ESS and the CHES, it explores party–voter alignment on specific issues across 17 West European party systems from 2002 to 2020. ‘Age-Period-Cohort’ (APC) analyses demonstrate that younger generations are more strongly aligned than older generations on immigration, LGBTQ+-rights, the environment and left–right placement, but not on the EU and income redistribution. The results also show over-time increases in issue alignment for three of the six issues, but these period effects are more country-specific than the generational differences. Consequently, generational replacement can be expected to increase party–voter alignment on the left–right dimension and (some) new issues.
Second-order Structural Transition in Superconductor La$_3$Co$_4$Sn$_{13}$
Creators: name: Cheung, Y. W.
name: Zhang, J. Z.
name: Zhu, J. Y.
name: Yu, W. C.
name: Hu, Y. J.
name: Wang, D. G.
name: Otomo, Yuka
name: Iwasa, Kazuaki
name: Kaneko, Koji
name: Imai, Masaki
name: Kanagawa, Hibiki
name: Yoshimura, Kazuyoshi
name: Goh, Swee K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quasi-skutterudite superconductor La$_3$Co$_4$Sn$_{13}$ undergoes a phase transition at $T^*=152$ K. By measuring the temperature dependence of heat capacity, electrical resistivity, and the superlattice reflection intensity using X-ray, we explore the character of the phase transition at $T^*$. Our lattice dynamic calculations found imaginary phonon frequencies around the ${\bf M}$ point, when the high temperature structure is used in the calculations, indicating that the structure is unstable at the zero temperature limit. The combined experimental and computational results establish that $T^*$ is associated with a second-order structural transition with $\bf{q}$=(0.5, 0.5, 0) (or the ${\bf M}$ point). Further electronic bandstructure calculations reveal Fermi surface sheets with low curvature segments, which allow us to draw qualitative comparison with both Sr$_3$Ir$_4$Sn$_{13}$ and Sr$_3$Rh$_4$Sn$_{13}$ in which similar physics has been discussed recently.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. B (Rapid Com)
Generalization of a Ramanujan identity
Creators: name: Rebák, Örs
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11A67, 11E25

description: The Euler product for the Landau--Ramanujan constant could have motivated a curious identity by Ramanujan that appears in his notebooks two times. This observation involves a square root and the first four prime numbers of the form $4n+3$, i.e., $3, 7, 11, 19$. Berndt asks whether Ramanujan's identity is an isolated result, or if there are other identities of this type. With this work we would like to give a possible answer to Berndt's question.
description: 4 pages, final version
The origin of the distinction between microscopic formulas for stress and Cauchy stress
Creators: name: Chen, Youping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: J.2
subject: 70Fxx Dynamics of a system of particles, including celestial mechanics 70Gxx General models, approaches, and methods

description: Stress is calculated routinely in atomistic simulations. The widely used microscopic stress formulas derived from classical or quantum mechanics, however, are distinct from the concept of Cauchy stress, i.e., the true mechanical tress. This work examines various atomistic stress formulations and their inconsistencies. Using standard mathematic theorems and the law of mechanics, we show that Cauchy stress results unambiguously from the definition of internal force density, thereby removing the long-standing confusion about the atomistic basis of the fundamental property of Cauchy stress, and leading to a new atomistic formula for stress that has clear physical meaning and well-defined values, satisfies conservation law, and is fully consistent with the concept of Cauchy stress.
description: 6 pages 5 figures
Estimation of the flux at 1450MHz of OB stars for FAST and SKA
Creators: name: Huang, Qichen
name: Jiang, Biwei
name: Deng, Dingshan
name: Yu, Bin
name: Zijlstra, Albert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Radio observation is crucial to understanding the wind mechanism of OB stars but very scarce. This work estimates the flux at 1450MHz ($S_{\rm 1.4GHz}$) of about 5,000 OB stars identified by the LAMOST spectroscopic survey and confirmed by the Gaia astrometric as well as astrophysical measurements. The calculation is performed under the free-free emission mechanism for wind with the mass loss rate derived from stellar parameters. The estimated $S_{\rm 1.4GHz}$ distributes from $10^{-11}$Jy to $10^{-3}$Jy with the peak at about $10^{-8}$Jy. This implies that the complete SKA-II can detect more than half of them, and some tens of objects are detectable by FAST without considering source confusion. An array of FAST would increase the detectable sample by two orders of magnitude.
description: 15 pages. 8 figures
Spatial and Temporal Analysis of Quiescent Coronal Rain over an Active Region
Creators: name: Şahin, Seray
name: Antolin, Patrick
name: Froment, Clara
name: Schad, Thomas A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The solar corona produces coronal rain, hundreds of times colder and denser material than the surroundings. Coronal rain is known to be deeply linked to coronal heating, but its origin, dynamics, and morphology are still not well understood. The leading theory for its origin is thermal instability (TI) occurring in coronal loops in a state of thermal non-equilibrium (TNE), the TNE-TI scenario. Under steady heating conditions, TNE-TI repeats in cycles, leading to long-period EUV intensity pulsations and periodic coronal rain. In this study, we investigate coronal rain on the large spatial scales of an active region (AR) and over the long temporal scales of EUV intensity pulsations to elucidate its distribution at such scales. We conduct a statistical study of coronal rain observed over an AR off-limb with IRIS and SDO imaging data, spanning chromospheric to transition region (TR) temperatures. The rain is widespread across the AR, irrespective of the loop inclination, and with minimal variation over the 5.45-hour duration of the observation. Most rain has a downward ($87.5\%$) trajectory; however, upward motions ($12.5\%$) are also ubiquitous. The rain dynamics are similar over the observed temperature range, suggesting that the TR and chromospheric emission are co-located on average. The average clump widths and lengths are similar in the SJI channels and wider in the AIA 304 channel. We find ubiquitous long-period EUV intensity pulsations in the AR. Short-term periodicity is found (16 min) linked to the rain appearance, which constitutes a challenge to explain under the TNE-TI scenario.
Multisensorielle Navigation und Kartierung in schwierigen Bedingungen
Creators: name: Doer, Christopher
Publisher: name: Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT)
Year: 2022

description: Unbemannte elektrische Fluggeräte verschiedenster Bauart und Größe finden immer mehr Anwendung in vielfältigen Einsatzbereichen. Aktuelle Fluggeräte benötigen jedoch in der Regel einen Piloten zur Steuerung und Überwachung, was die Einsatzmöglichkeiten stark limitiert. Der Schlüssel zur weiteren Verbreitung ist die Autonomie dieser Systeme. Basis hierfür ist eine robuste Navigation sowie die Kartierung der Umgebung. Dies ist insbesondere in schwierigen Bedingungen durch Einschränkung der Sicht oder des GNSS-Empfangs sehr herausfordernd. Um trotz dieser schwierigen Bedingungen eine genaue und robuste Navigation und Kartierung zu ermöglichen, werden in dieser Arbeit multisensorielle Fusionsverfahren mithilfe von FMCW-Radarsensoren, Kameras und Inertialsensorik entwickelt. Das entworfene Gesamtsystem wird am Szenario eines Rettungseinsatzes demonstriert. Die entwickelten Verfahren sind auf vielfältige Anwendungen autonomer Fluggeräte übertragbar.
Applying and Extending the Delta Debugging Algorithm for Elevator Dispatching Algorithms (Experience Paper)
Creators: name: Valle, Pablo
name: Arrieta, Aitor
name: Arratibel, Maite
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Elevator systems are one kind of Cyber-Physical Systems (CPSs), and as such, test cases are usually complex and long in time. This is mainly because realistic test scenarios are employed (e.g., for testing elevator dispatching algorithms, typically a full day of passengers traveling through a system of elevators is used). However, in such a context, when needing to reproduce a failure, it is of high benefit to provide the minimal test input to the software developers. This way, analyzing and trying to localize the root-cause of the failure is easier and more agile. Delta debugging has been found to be an efficient technique to reduce failure-inducing test inputs. In this paper, we enhance this technique by first monitoring the environment at which the CPS operates as well as its physical states. With the monitored information, we search for stable states of the CPS during the execution of the simulation. In a second step, we use such identified stable states to help the delta debugging algorithm isolate the failure-inducing test inputs more efficiently. We report our experience of applying our approach into an industrial elevator dispatching algorithm. An empirical evaluation carried out with real operational data from a real installation of elevators suggests that the proposed environment-wise delta debugging algorithm is between 1.3 to 1.8 times faster than the traditional delta debugging, while producing a larger reduction in the failure-inducing test inputs. The results provided by the different implemented delta debugging algorithm versions are qualitatively assessed with domain experts. This assessment provides new insights and lessons learned, such as, potential applications of the delta debugging algorithm beyond debugging.
description: To be published in the 32nd ACM SIGSOFT International Symposium on Software Testing and Analysis (ISSTA)