cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Noise Robustness of the Incompatibility of Quantum Measurements
Creators: name: Heinosaari, Teiko
name: Kiukas, Jukka
name: Reitzner, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The existence of incompatible measurements is a fundamental phenomenon having no explanation in classical physics. Intuitively, one considers given measurements to be incompatible within a framework of a physical theory, if their simultaneous implementation on a single physical device is prohibited by the theory itself. In the mathematical language of quantum theory, measurements are described by POVMs (positive operator valued measures), and given POVMs are by definition incompatible if they cannot be obtained via coarse-graining from a single common POVM; this notion generalizes noncommutativity of projective measurements. In quantum theory, incompatibility can be regarded as a resource necessary for manifesting phenomena such as Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt (CHSH) Bell inequality violations or Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) steering which do not have classical explanation. We define operational ways of quantifying this resource via the amount of added classical noise needed to render the measurements compatible, i.e., useless as a resource. In analogy to entanglement measures, we generalize this idea by introducing the concept of incompatibility measure, which is monotone in local operations. In this paper, we restrict our consideration to binary measurements, which are already sufficient to explicitly demonstrate nontrivial features of the theory. In particular, we construct a family of incompatibility monotones operationally quantifying violations of certain scaled versions of the CHSH Bell inequality, prove that they can be computed via a semidefinite program, and show how the noise-based quantities arise as special cases. We also determine maximal violations of the new inequalities, demonstrating how Tsirelson's bound appears as a special case. The resource aspect is further motivated by simple quantum protocols where our incompatibility monotones appear as relevant figures of merit.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures; small changes to v02
Stochastic kinetics of the circular gene hypothesis: feedback effects and protein fluctuations
Creators: name: Wadhwa, Raoul R.
name: Zalanyi, Laszlo
name: Szente, Judit
name: Negyessy, Laszlo
name: Erdi, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80A30

description: Stochastic kinetic models of genetic expression are able to describe protein fluctuations. A comparative study of the canonical and a feedback model is given here by using stochastic simulation methods. The feedback model is skeleton model implementation of the circular gene hypothesis, which suggests the interaction between the synthesis and degradation of mRNA. Qualitative and quantitative changes in the shape and in the numerical characteristics of the stationary distributions suggest that more combined experimental and theoretical studies should be done to uncover the details of the kinetic mechanism of gene expression.
description: 16 pages, 6 figures
CAPABLE D7.5: Third Interim Usability and Acceptability Evaluation Report
Creators: name: Quaglini, Silvana
name: Sacchi, Lucia
name: Glaser, Savannah
name: Medlock, Stephanie
name: Vasilyeva, Angelika
name: Boekhout, Annelies
name: Fraterman, Itske
name: Del Campo, Laura
name: Di Flora, Nicola
name: Arredondo, Maria Teresa
name: Ottaviano, Manuel
name: Cabrera, Maria Fernanda
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: usability and acceptability evaluation

description: This deliverable shares the results of the third usability and user experience study of the CAPABLE prototypes as defined in previous deliverable D7.1. During these activities, the ongoing developed interfaces of the final system provided by WP6 have been evaluated by applying the two methods described in D7.1: Interviews with patients. These interviews gathered feedback from the end users of the Patient App: Melanoma and Kidney cancer patients during the treatment phase. Considering the broader applicability of the app to any type of cancer patient, this iteration also included other types of oncological patients, and cancer survivors (treatment finished in no more than 2 years). Overall, 17 patients have been interviewed. Interviews with healthcare professionals (HCPs). These interviews aimed to collect overall feedback about both doctors’ and patients’ solutions, understand if the clinical and patients’ needs are covered, and revise the core functionalities that have been proposed in the current prototype. A total of 10 health professionals have been interviewed. The protocols of each study are attached in the Annex. The document also presents the general conclusions from these validation activities and the next steps to follow in future developments to satisfy the user experience needs emerging in this process. Differently from the previous two rounds, the current pandemic situation allowed all the interviews to be performed in a presence. The following tools have been used: Online survey engine based on Limesurvey, used for the interviewer as a guide. Online access to the clinical dashboards to inspect functionalities for the Health Care Professionals. App installed on an Android device to test the functionalities for the patients. An Asus Vivowatch 5 smartwatch.
description: This deliverable is a part of a project receiving funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No. 875052
Optimized Minimum-Search for SAR Backprojection Autofocus on GPUs Using CUDA
Creators: name: Rother, Niklas
name: Fahnemann, Christian
name: Wittler, Jan
name: Blume, Holger
Publisher: name: Piscataway, NJ : IEEE
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: autofocus
subject: backprojection
subject: CUDA
subject: GPU
subject: SAR
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau::621 | Angewandte Physik::621,3 | Elektrotechnik, Elektronik

description: Autofocus techniques for synthetic aperture radar (SAR) can improve the image quality substantially. Their high computational complexity imposes a challenge when employing them in runtime-critical implementations. This paper presents an autofocus implementation for stripmap SAR specially optimized for parallel architectures like GPUs. Thorough evaluation using real SAR data shows that the tunable parameters of the algorithm allow to counterbalance runtime and achieved image quality.© 2020 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works.
Gluon effects on the equation of state of color superconducting strange stars
Creators: name: Ferrer, E. J.
name: de la Incera, V.
name: Paulucci, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Compact astrophysical objects are a window for the study of strongly interacting nuclear matter given the conditions in their interiors, which are not reproduced in a laboratory environment. Much has been debated about their composition with possibilities ranging from a simple mixture of mostly protons and neutrons to deconfined quark matter. Recent observations on the mass of two pulsars, PSR J1614-2230 and PSR J0348+0432, have posed a great restriction on their composition, since the equation of state must be hard enough to support masses of about at least two solar masses. The onset of quarks tends to soften the equation of state, but it can get substantially stiffer since in the high-dense medium a repulsive vector interaction channel is opened. Nevertheless, we show that once gluon effects are considered, the equation of state of quark matter in the color-flavor-locked phase of color superconductivity becomes softer decreasing the maximum stellar mass that can be reached when not considering their influence. This may indicate that stars made entirely of color superconducting matter can only be favored to describe compact stars if the repulsive vector constant is high enough.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures
Massively-concurrent Agent-based Evolutionary Computing
Creators: name: Krzywicki, D.
name: Turek, W.
name: Byrski, A.
name: Kisiel-Dorohinicki, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The fusion of the multi-agent paradigm with evolutionary computation yielded promising results in many optimization problems. Evolutionary multi-agent system (EMAS) are more similar to biological evolution than classical evolutionary algorithms. However, technological limitations prevented the use of fully asynchronous agents in previous EMAS implementations. In this paper we present a new algorithm for agent-based evolutionary computations. The individuals are represented as fully autonomous and asynchronous agents. An efficient implementation of this algorithm was possible through the use of modern technologies based on functional languages (namely Erlang and Scala), which natively support lightweight processes and asynchronous communication. Our experiments show that such an asynchronous approach is both faster and more efficient in solving common optimization problems.
description: Journal of Computational Science, Available online 29 July 2015
Factors affecting the diameter of ring-shaped deposition patterns in inertial impactors having small S/W ratios
Creators: name: Kala, S.
name: Saylor, J. R.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Inertial impactors are an important part of aerosol science where they are used to obtain particle size distributions in a wide range of practical and scientific applications. A shortcoming of these devices is that the number of bins in the resulting distribution is limited to the number of impactors in an impactor cascade. Recent work has shown that if the ratio of the nozzle-to-impactor distance (S) to the nozzle diameter (W) is very small, S/W ∼ O(0.01), the normally disk shaped particle impaction pattern becomes a ring. Under these conditions the ring diameter is proportional to the particle diameter, presenting an opportunity for developing impactors capable of sub-stage particle diameter sizing. Before such impactors may be developed, however, further information is required regarding how the diameter of the aforementioned rings vary with S/W and particle diameter. Herein, experiments are presented where ring-shaped deposition patterns are obtained for a range of particle diameters and S/W. These results are consolidated to provide a relationship between the relevant dimensionless variables: the Stokes number (dimensionless particle diameter), S/W, and dimensionless ring diameter. Computer simulations of particle trajectories under the experimental conditions are presented and are used to reveal the underlying mechanism of this effect. Finally, a discussion is presented of practical approaches for using these results to obtain high resolution particle size distributions from impactor cascades. Copyright © 2021 American Association for Aerosol Research
On the Reducibility of Scalar Generalized Verma Modules of Abelian Type
Creators: name: He, Haian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 17B10

description: A parabolic subalgebra $\mathfrak{p}$ of a complex semisimple Lie algebra $\mathfrak{g}$ is called a parabolic subalgebra of abelian type if its nilpotent radical is abelian. In this paper, we provide a complete characterization of the parameters for scalar generalized Verma modules attached to parabolic subalgebras of abelian type such that the modules are reducible. The proofs use Jantzen's simplicity criterion, as well as the Enright-Howe-Wallach classification of unitary highest weight modules.
description: 23 pages, 2 figures, 4 tables, To appear in Algebras and Representation Theory
The divisible sandpile at critical density
Creators: name: Levine, Lionel
name: Murugan, Mathav
name: Peres, Yuval
name: Ugurcan, Baris Evren
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 60J45, 60G15, 82C20, 82C26

description: The divisible sandpile starts with i.i.d. random variables ("masses") at the vertices of an infinite, vertex-transitive graph, and redistributes mass by a local toppling rule in an attempt to make all masses at most 1. The process stabilizes almost surely if m<1 and it almost surely does not stabilize if m>1, where $m$ is the mean mass per vertex. The main result of this paper is that in the critical case m=1, if the initial masses have finite variance, then the process almost surely does not stabilize. To give quantitative estimates on a finite graph, we relate the number of topplings to a discrete biLaplacian Gaussian field.
description: 34 pages, to appear in Annales Henri Poincare
A direct-reading particle sizer with elemental composition analysis for large inhalable particles
Creators: name: Sipich, James
name: L'Orange, Christian
name: Anderson, Kimberly
name: Limbach, Christopher
name: Volckens, John
name: Yalin, Azer
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology

description: There is a lack of aerosol measurement technology capable of quantifying, in real time, the size, concentration, and composition of large inhalable particles – specifically those with aerodynamic diameter larger than 20 µm. Aerosols of this size penetrate into the upper respiratory system upon inhalation and present surface contamination hazards upon settling. The objective of this work was to validate the performance of a prototype direct-reading particle sizer (DRPS) that counts and sizes particles via time-of-flight light scattering and determines single-particle elemental composition via laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS). Counting, sizing, and spectral measurement efficiency were evaluated using test aerosols of multiple materials in the size range 25–125 µm. Particle sizing results showed good agreement with optical microscopy images, and LIBS measurements allow simultaneous elemental composition measurements. The relationship between the median aerodynamic diameters measured by the DRPS time-of-flight and optical microscopy was linear (Deming regression slope of 0.998) and strongly correlated (r2 > 0.999). The mean absolute difference between the median aerodynamic diameters measured by the instrument by time-of-flight and microscopy over all eight test aerosol types was 0.9 µm with a mean difference in interquartile range of 1.9 µm. LIBS spectra have been collected and analyzed to reveal spectral features of species from silver-coated glass and titanium samples. The expected system performance for future field use is considered through numeric simulations based on the instrument parameters and assumed particle size distributions. Finally, potential hardware changes to optimize detection efficiency and facilitate field use are discussed.
The use of acoustic streaming in Sub-micron particle sorting
Creators: name: Lai, Tsz Wai
name: Fu, Sau Chung
name: Chan, Ka Chung
name: Chao, Christopher Y. H.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: The lack of personal particulate matter (PM) monitoring technique hinders the knowledge of the negative health impacts caused by inhaling PM. Acoustophoresis has a potential to produce miniature particle sorters that can be carried inside human’s breath zone. Micron particles can be manipulated by Acoustic Radiation Force (ARF), but sub-micron particles can hardly be directed due to Acoustic Streaming Effect (ASE). The purpose of this study is to examine the feasibility of sorting sub-micron particles using ASE. In this study, a 2 D numerical model is used to simulate the movement of sub-micron particles, ranging from 0.1 µm to 0.9 µm in diameter with 0.1 µm step size, suspended in a microchannel. Since tiny particles circulate according to the streaming pattern, which depends on the geometry of the container, the effect of the microchannel’s cross-sectional shape on particle movement is investigated, from rectangular to non-rectangular. Results found that sub-micron particles are characterized as either ARF-dominant or ASE-dominant. ARF-dominant particles stop at the pressure node and sidewalls, while ASE-dominant particles are trapped by the streaming flow inside a certain area defined by the particle size. Larger ASE-dominant particles move in a narrower region close to the sidewalls; smaller particles occupy a wider area. Since ASE-dominant particles can be directed outside the settling location of ARF-dominated particles, separating them can reach 98.9% purity in a non-rectangular microchannel. Most importantly, separating ASE-dominant particles of different sizes is shown possible using a triangular microchannel. The findings imply that ASE can be the mechanism for sub-micron particle sorting. Copyright © 2021 American Association for Aerosol Research
SQUAB I: The first release of Strange QUasar candidates with ABnormal astrometric characteristics from Gaia EDR3 and SDSS
Creators: name: Wu, Qi-Qi
name: Liao, Shi-Long
name: Ji, Xiang
name: Qi, Zhao-Xiang
name: Lin, Zhen-Ya Zheng Ru-Qiu
name: Zhang, Ying-Kang
name: An, Tao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Given their extremely large distances and small apparent sizes, quasars are generally considered as objects with near-zero parallax and proper motion. However, some special quasars may have abnormal astrometric characteristics, such as quasar pairs, lensed quasars, AGNs with bright parsec-scale optical jets, which are scientifically interesting objects, such as binary black holes. These quasars may come with astrometric jitter detectable with Gaia data, or significant changes in the position at different wavelengths. In this work, we aim to find these quasar candidates from Gaia EDR3 astrometric data combining with Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) spectroscopic data to provide a candidate catalog to the science community. We propose a series of criteria for selecting abnormal quasars based on Gaia astrometric data. We obtain two catalogs containing 155 sources and 44 sources, respectively. They are potential candidates of quasar pairs.
description: 17 pages, 13 figures Accepted on 28 January 2022 Front. Astron. Space Sci
Optimizing singly-charged electrosprayed particle throughput of an electrospray aerosol generator utilizing a corona-based charger
Creators: name: Munir, Muhammad Miftahul
name: Mustika, Widya Sinta
name: Saputra, Casmika
name: Adrian, Martin
name: Suhendi, Asep
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Space Science
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: The performance of a needle tungsten corona-discharge charger (NTCC) as a neutralizer in an electrospray aerosol generator (EAG) is compared to that of a surface-discharge micro-plasma aerosol charger (SMAC). We demonstrate the performance of an EAG with a reduction chamber that consists of a neutralizer. The ion produced by the neutralizer is characterized by measuring its ion properties utilizing an ion counter, a Faraday cup electrometer, and a mini-cyDMA. Both the SMAC and NTCC have balanced bipolar ions with ion concentration ratios of 0.95 and 1.07, respectively. While the diffusivity of the positive ions produced by the NTCC is more significant than that of the SMAC, it is the opposite for negative ions. The EAG system is evaluated by optimizing the EAG orifice diameter and carrier airflow rate. It was found that a maximum singly charged electrosprayed particle could be achieved at an orifice diameter and a carrier airflow rate of 10 mm and 1 L min−1, respectively. The performance of charge reduction is determined by a multiply to singly charged ratio. The NTCC neutralizer dramatically reduced the highly charged electrosprayed particle to below 10 elementary charges. In brief, the result shows that the NTCC performs better than the SMAC in reducing multiply charged particles. Copyright © 2021 American Association for Aerosol Research
Morphologies of Wolf-Rayet Planetary Nebulae based on IFU Observations
Creators: name: Danehkar, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Integral field unit (IFU) spectroscopy of planetary nebulae (PNe) provides a plethora of information about their morphologies and ionization structures. An IFU survey of a sample of PNe around hydrogen-deficient stars has been conducted with the Wide Field Spectrograph (WiFeS) on the ANU 2.3-m telescope. In this paper, we present the H$α$ kinematic observations of the PN M2-42 with a weak emission-line star ($wels$), and the compact PNe Hen 3-1333 and Hen 2-113 around Wolf-Rayet ([WR]) stars from this WiFeS survey. We see that the ring and point-symmetric knots previously identified in the velocity [N II] channels of M2-42 are also surrounded by a thin exterior ionized H$α$ halo, whose polar expansion is apparently faster than the low-ionization knots. The velocity-resolved H$α$ channel maps of Hen3-1333 and Hen2-113 also suggest that the faint multipolar lobes may get to a projected outflow velocity of $\sim 100 \pm 20$ km s$^{-1}$ far from the central stars. Our recent kinematic studies of the WiFeS/IFU survey of other PNe around [WR] and $wels$ mostly hint at elliptical morphologies, while collimated outflows are present in many of them. As the WiFeS does not have adequate resolution for compact ($\leq 6$ arcsec) PNe, future high-resolution spatially-resolved observations are necessary to unveil full details of their morpho-kinematic structures.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures, accepted by Galaxies, 3D models available on https://skfb.ly/opFZv , Asymmetric Planetary Nebulae 8e (APN8e), October 2021
Complete dark energy scenario in $f(Q)$ gravity
Creators: name: Solanki, Raja
name: De, Avik
name: Sahoo, P. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In theoretical physics, the fundamental nature and evolution mechanism of dark energy is still an open question. In General Relativity Theory, the simplest explanation for dark energy is the cosmological constant $Λ$. However, the cosmological constant $Λ$ facing a sensitive problem called fine-tunning problem. In the present work, we follow a different approach where the gravitational sector is the responsible candidate for the evolution of dark energy instead of the matter source. The modified symmetric teleparallel gravity or $f(Q)$ gravity is a recently proposed theory of gravity where the gravitational interaction ruled by the non-metricity term $Q$. In this manuscript, we assume a $f(Q)$ model that contains a linear and a non-linear form of non-metricity scalar, particularly $f(Q)=αQ + βQ^n$, where $α$, $β$, and $n$ are free model parameters. Then we find the values of our model parameters that would be in agreement with the observed value of cosmographic parameters. We analyze the behavior of different cosmological parameters like deceleration parameter, density, and the equation of state parameter with the energy conditions for our cosmological model. We found that for higher positive values of $n$ specifically $n \geq 1$, dark energy fluid part evolving due to non-metricity behaves like quintessence type dark energy while for higher negative values of $n$ specifically $n \leq -1$ it follows phantom scenario. Further for $n=0$, our cosmological $f(Q)$ model behaves like $Λ$CDM model. Thus, we conclude that the geometrical generalization of GR can be a viable candidate for the description of origin of the dark energy.
description: Physics of the Dark Universe accepted version. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2201.06521
Testing black hole superradiance with pulsar companions
Creators: name: Rosa, Joao G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the magnetic dipole and gravitational radiation emitted by a pulsar can undergo superradiant scattering off a spinning black hole companion. We find that the relative amount of superradiant modes in the radiation depends on the pulsar's angular position relative to the black hole's equatorial plane. In particular, when the pulsar and black hole spins are aligned, superradiant modes are dominant at large angles, leading to an amplification of the pulsar's luminosity, whereas for small angles the radiation is dominantly composed of non-superradiant modes and the signal is attenuated. This results in a characteristic orbital modulation of the pulsar's luminosity, up to the percent level within our approximations, which may potentially yield a signature of superradiant scattering in astrophysical black holes and hence an important test of general relativity.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures; matches published version in Physics Letters B
Laboratory study of physical barrier efficiency for worker protection against SARS-CoV-2 while standing or sitting
Creators: name: Bartels, Jacob
name: Estill, Cheryl Fairfield
name: Chen, I-Chen
name: Neu, Dylan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Transparent barriers were installed as a response to the SARS-COV-2 pandemic in many customer-facing industries. Transparent barriers are an engineering control that intercept particles traveling between customers and workers. Information on the effectiveness of these barriers against aerosols is limited. In this study, a cough simulator was used to represent a cough from a customer. Two optical particle counters were used (one on each side of the barrier, labeled customer and worker) to determine the number of particles that migrated around a transparent barrier. Ten configurations were tested with six replicates for both sitting and standing scenarios, representing nail salons and grocery stores, respectively. Barrier efficiency was calculated using a ratio of the particle count results (customer/worker). Barriers had better efficiency (up to 93%) when its top was 9 to 39 cm above cough height and its width was at least 91 cm. Barriers that extended 91 cm above table height for both scenarios blocked 71% or more of the particles between 0.35–0.725 µm and 68% for particles between 1 to 3 µm. A barrier that blocked an initial cough was effective at reducing particle counts. While the width of the barriers was not as significant as the height in determining barrier efficiency it is important that a barrier be placed where interactions between customers and workers are most frequent. Bystander exposure was not taken into consideration along with other limitations.
Many-body instabilities and mass generation in slow Dirac materials
Creators: name: Triola, Christopher
name: Zhu, Jian-Xin
name: Migliori, Albert
name: Balatsky, Alexander V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Some Kondo insulators are expected to possess topologically protected surface states with linear Dirac spectrum, the topological Kondo insulators. Because the bulk states of these systems typically have heavy effective electron masses, the surface states may exhibit extraordinarily small Fermi velocities that could force the effective fine structure constant of the surface states into the strong coupling regime. Using a tight-binding model we study the many-body instabilities of these systems and identify regions of parameter space in which the system exhibits spin density wave, and charge density wave order.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Telepractice versus in-person service delivery (Page et al., 2022)
Creators: name: Page, Christen Guffey
name: Hughes, Charles
name: Woody, Rachel
Publisher: name: ASHA journals
Year: 2022
Subjects: Communication technology and digital media studies
Rural and remote health services

description: Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare graduate student clinicians’ self-reported perceptions of in-person versus telepractice service delivery based on preparation/training, treatment process, client and clinician engagement, data collection, and client progress. Method: This study used mixed methodology to answer three research questions: (a) What are the differences between students clinicians’ perceptions pre– and post–in-person and telepractice service delivery, (b) What are the differences between student clinicians’ views of in-person and telepractice service delivery, and (c) How do changes in the pre- and post-surveys represent the student clinicians’ views of in-person versus telepractice service delivery? Graduate students completed pre- and post-surveys and participated in focus groups following 16 weeks of telepractice or in-person service delivery. Results: Overall, findings revealed more similarities than differences between telepractice and in-person service delivery based on students’ self-report before and after treatment. Similarities included preparation methods, use of evidence-based practice, amount of family involvement, and client progress. Differences included amount of time to prepare for the session, establishing rapport, and collecting data. In the end, participants’ self-efficacy and implementation readiness increased for both service delivery models. Conclusion: Findings from this study provide a foundation for graduate training by relating telepractice to in-person service delivery models. Supplemental Material S1. Themes: This document includes each theme and its definition as well as subthemes, codes, and a sample of the data extract that corresponds to each code. Supplemental Material S2. Similarities and differences: final data analysis comparing telepractice to in-person service delivery. Page, C. G., Hughes, C., & Woody, R. (2022). Student clinicians’ views of telepractice and in-person service delivery. Perspectives of the ASHA Special Interest Groups. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1044/2022_PERSP-22-00054
Existence of Global Weak Solutions for 3D Degenerate Compressible Navier-Stokes Equations
Creators: name: Vasseur, Alexis F.
name: Yu, Cheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we prove the existence of global weak solutions for 3D compressible Navier-Stokes equations with degenerate viscosity. The method is based on the Bresch and Desjardins entropy conservation. The main contribution of this paper is to derive the Mellet-Vasseur type inequality for the weak solutions, even if it is not verified by the first level of approximation. This provides existence of global solutions in time, for the compressible Navier-Stokes equations, for any $γ>1$, in three dimensional space, with large initial data possibly vanishing on the vacuum. This solves an open problem proposed by Lions.
The use of acoustic streaming in sub-micron particle sorting
Creators: name: Lai, Tsz Wai
name: Fu, Sau Chung
name: Chan, Ka Chung
name: Chao, Christopher Y. H.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: The lack of personal particulate matter (PM) monitoring technique hinders the knowledge of the negative health impacts caused by inhaling PM. Acoustophoresis has a potential to produce miniature particle sorters that can be carried inside human’s breath zone. Micron particles can be manipulated by Acoustic Radiation Force (ARF), but sub-micron particles can hardly be directed due to Acoustic Streaming Effect (ASE). The purpose of this study is to examine the feasibility of sorting sub-micron particles using ASE. In this study, a 2D numerical model is used to simulate the movement of sub-micron particles, ranging from 0.1µm to 0.9µm in diameter with 0.1µm step size, suspended in a microchannel. Since tiny particles circulate according to the streaming pattern, which depends on the geometry of the container, the effect of the microchannel’s cross-sectional shape on particle movement is investigated, from rectangular to non-rectangular. Results found that sub-micron particles are characterized as either ARF-dominant or ASE-dominant. ARF-dominant particles stop at the pressure node and sidewalls, while ASE-dominant particles are trapped by the streaming flow inside a certain area defined by the particle size. Larger ASE-dominant particles move in a narrower region close to the sidewalls; smaller particles occupy a wider area. Since ASE-dominant particles can be directed outside the settling location of ARF-dominated particles, separating them can reach 98.9% purity in a non-rectangular microchannel. Most importantly, separating ASE-dominant particles of different sizes is shown possible using a triangular microchannel. The findings imply that ASE can be the mechanism for sub-micron particle sorting.
Constraint on the time variation of the fine-structure constant with the SDSS-III/BOSS DR12 quasar sample
Creators: name: Albareti, Franco D.
name: Comparat, Johan
name: Gutiérrez, Carlos M.
name: Prada, Francisco
name: Pâris, Isabelle
name: Schlegel, David
name: López-Corredoira, Martín
name: Schneider, Donald P.
name: Manchado, Arturo
name: García-Hernández, D. A.
name: Petitjean, Patrick
name: Ge, Jian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: From the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) Data Release 12, which covers the full Baryonic Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS) footprint, we investigate the possible variation of the fine-structure constant over cosmological time-scales. We analyse the largest quasar sample considered so far in the literature, which contains 13175 spectra (10363 from SDSS-III/BOSS DR12 + 2812 from SDSS-II DR7) with redshift $z
description: 16 pages, 16 figures. Version published in MNRAS. Analysis enlarged, public catalogue now available
Higher-degree Dirac Currents of Twistor and Killing Spinors in Supergravity Theories
Creators: name: Açık, Özgür
name: Ertem, Ümit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that higher degree Dirac currents of twistor and Killing spinors correspond to the hidden symmetries of the background spacetime which are generalizations of conformal Killing and Killing vector fields respectively. They are the generalizations of 1-form Dirac currents to higher degrees which are used in constructing the bosonic supercharges in supergravity theories. In the case of Killing spinors, we find that the equations satisfied by the higher degree Dirac currents are related to Maxwell-like and Duffin-Kemmer-Petiau equations. Correspondence between the Dirac currents and harmonic forms for parallel and pure spinor cases is determined. We also analyze the supergravity twistor and Killing spinor cases in 10 and 11-dimensional supergravity theories and find that although different inner product classes induce different involutions on spinors, the higher degree Dirac currents still correspond to the hidden symmetries of the spacetime.
description: 18 pages, published version
Evaluating the Economic Value of Environmentally Sound Functions of Environment-Friendly Agriculture
Creators: name: Jeong, Hakkyun
name: Jeong, Hakkyun
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: environmentally friendly agriculture
subject: environmentally sound functions
subject: contingent valuation method

description: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the economic value of environmentally sound functions of environmentally friendly agriculture. The contingent valuation method (CVM) was used to evaluate the value people are willing to pay (WTP) for the environmentally sound functions of environmentally friendly agriculture. Based on the pilot survey results, virtual scenarios were set up and a double-bounded dichotomous choice survey was conducted. This study selected 3 domains of environmentally sound functions: soil and water-related, protecting biodiversity, greenhouse gas reduction. Economic assessments of the environmentally sound functions of environmentally friendly agriculture were conducted using the maximum likelihood estimation method. The estimation results showed that the total sum of the economic value of willingness to pay for the three functions amounts to 3,570.8 billion won.
Human CTC1 promotes TopBP1 stability and CHK1 phosphorylation in response to telomere dysfunction and global replication stress
Creators: name: Ackerson, Stephanie M.
name: Gable, Caroline I.
name: Stewart, Jason A.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: CST (CTC1-STN1-TEN1) is a heterotrimeric, RPA-like complex that binds to single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) and functions in the replication of telomeric and non-telomeric DNA. Previous studies demonstrated that deletion of CTC1 results in decreased cell proliferation and telomere DNA damage signaling. However, a detailed analysis of the consequences of conditional CTC1 knockout (KO) has not been fully elucidated. Here, we investigated the effects of CTC1 KO on cell cycle progression, genome-wide replication and activation of the DNA damage response. Consistent with previous findings, we demonstrate that CTC1 KO results in decreased cell proliferation, G2 arrest and RPA-bound telomeric ssDNA. However, despite the increased levels of telomeric RPA-ssDNA, global ATR-dependent CHK1 and p53 phosphorylation was not detected in CTC1 KO cells. Nevertheless, we show that RPA-ssDNA does activate ATR, leading to the phosphorylation of RPA and autophosphorylation of ATR. Further analysis determined that inactivation of ATR, but not CHK1 or ATM, suppressed the accumulation of G2 arrested cells and phosphorylated RPA following CTC1 removal. These results suggest that ATR is localized and active at telomeres but is unable to elicit a global checkpoint response through CHK1. Furthermore, CTC1 KO inhibited CHK1 phosphorylation following hydroxyurea-induced replication stress. Additional studies revealed that this suppression of CHK1 phosphorylation, following replication stress, is caused by decreased levels of the ATR activator TopBP1. Overall, our results identify CST as a novel regulator of the ATR-CHK1 pathway.
Efficient Cluster Algorithm for Spin Glasses in Any Space Dimension
Creators: name: Zhu, Zheng
name: Ochoa, Andrew J.
name: Katzgraber, Helmut G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spin systems with frustration and disorder are notoriously difficult to study both analytically and numerically. While the simulation of ferromagnetic statistical mechanical models benefits greatly from cluster algorithms, these accelerated dynamics methods remain elusive for generic spin-glass-like systems. Here we present a cluster algorithm for Ising spin glasses that works in any space dimension and speeds up thermalization by at least one order of magnitude at temperatures where thermalization is typically difficult. Our isoenergetic cluster moves are based on the Houdayer cluster algorithm for two-dimensional spin glasses and lead to a speedup over conventional state-of-the-art methods that increases with the system size. We illustrate the benefits of the isoenergetic cluster moves in two and three space dimensions, as well as the nonplanar chimera topology found in the D-Wave Inc.~quantum annealing machine.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Analysis on the Economic Impacts of the Revised Calf Production Stabilizing Law of 2012
Creators: name: Choe, Jinyong
name: Choe, Jinyong
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: hanwoo
subject: calf production
subject: subsidy

description: The subsidy for calf production was in place in 2000 to stabilize the domestic Hanwoo industry. This program has been amended several times to coordinate with domestic market situations. The most recent change in this program was made in February 2012. It becomes more difficult to take action because the number of domestically bred Hanwoo increased significantly. This study assumes no policy change in 2012. If the program had been put in action in 2012, it would have made a new equilibrium after a year. This study compares original equilibrium and hypothetic equilibrium using EDM in the 2013 domestic Hanwoo calf market. Results show that no policy change in 2012 leads to the increase of the number of calves and the decrease of calf prices. The welfare of farmers enrolled in the program is improved, whereas that of the other farmers not enrolled deteriorates.
Methods for studying the accuracy of light propagation in N-body simulations
Creators: name: Koksbang, S. M.
name: Hannestad, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is proposed to use exact, cosmologically relevant solutions to Einstein's equations to accurately quantify the precision of ray tracing techniques through Newtonian N-body simulations. As an initial example of such a study, the recipe in (Green & Wald, 2012) for going between N-body results and a perturbed FLRW metric in the Newtonian gauge is used to study light propagation through quasi-spherical Szekeres models. The study is conducted by deriving a set of ODEs giving an expression for the angular diameter distance in the Newtonian gauge metric. The accuracy of the results obtained from the ODEs is estimated by using the ODEs to determine the distance-redshift relation in mock N-body data based on quasi-spherical Szekeres models. The results are then compared to the exact relations. From this comparison it is seen that the obtained ODEs can accurately reproduce the distance-redshift relation along both radial and non-radial geodesics in spherically symmetric models. The reproduction of geodesics in non-symmetric Szekeres models is slightly less accurate, but still good. These results indicate that the employment of perturbed FLRW metrics for standard ray tracing techniques yields fairly accurate results, at least regarding distance-redshift relations. It is possible though, that this conclusion will be rendered invalid if other typical ray tracing approximations are included and if light is allowed to travel through several structures instead of just one.
description: 21 pages, 9 figures. Minor changes to match content of published version + one comment added (footnote 1) after publication. v3: Typos in equation 6 corrected
Hinweise zu Risiken bei der Lagerung von Rundholz und Anmerkungen zur Qualitätserhaltung des Holzes; Waldschutz-Info Nr. 02 / 2007
Creators: name: Langer, Gitta Jutta
name: Bressem, Ulrich
name: Habermann, Michael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2007
Subjects: Lagerung von Holz, Nasslagerung, Fichte

description: Notes on the risks associated with the storage of logs and on maintaining wood quality
Computation of the multi-chord distribution of convex and concave polygons
Creators: name: García-Pelayo, Ricardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60-04, 60Dxx

description: Analytical expressions for the distribution of the length of chords corresponding to the affine invariant measure on the set of chords are given for convex polygons. These analytical expressions are a computational improvement over other expressions published in 2011. The correlation function of convex polygons can be computed from the results obtained in this work, because it is determined by the distribution of chords. An analytical expression for the multi-chord distribution of the length of chords corresponding to the affine invariant measure on the set of chords is found for non convex polygons. In addition we give an algorithm to find this multi-chord distribution which, for many concave polygons, is computationally more efficient than the said analytical expression. The results also apply to non simply connected polygons.
description: 22 figures, 40 pages, 43 references