cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Ab initio simulations of the degradation of biodegradable batteries
Creators: name: Deacon, Benjamin
Publisher: name: Lancaster University
Year: 2021

description: Transient implantable medical bionics (TIMBs), such as biodegradable batteries that disappear after their operation are gaining attention. They potentially facilitate the deployment of novel instructive biomaterials for regenerative medicine. Implantable, biodegradable and biocompatible batteries may be capable of satisfying the power requirements of some biomedical devices before harmlessly degrading. One material of particular interest for the construction of biodegradable batteries is Bombyx Mori silk. Lancaster University is developing a biodegradable battery that will utilise silk both in the electrolyte and to encase the battery. Using the silk offers the battery a degree of protection that enables the device to operate for several days before it harmlessly degrades. Key to tuning the lifetime of the battery is understanding how the structure of the silk changes under different operating conditions and how this changes the diffusivity of the cations (i.e. Mg2+) and other species such as choline nitrate used as the ionic liquid in the electrolyte. This project will aim to further this understanding through the use of quantum mechanical methods. This project quantifies the behaviour of various molecules in the presence of SF, including water, choline and Mg ions. This helps to see how the biocompatible and biodegradable batteries will behave when made from SF. This is completed via DFT simulation as to perform the experiment is unfeasible. For example, the diffusion pathway of water can not be experimentally generated. Furthermore this project has generated ramachandran plots via DFT for silk fibroin which have not been carried out on this material previously. This allows for a detailed comparison with classical mechanical data. This understanding will allow for further work to elucidate and exploit the properties of SF. Further understanding will allow for fine-tuning of how long the SF biodegradable battery will take to break down; this can be changed for the required use. This will help to understand the ions contribution to the effect on the decay rate of the electrode.
Decoupled trends for electrical and thermal conductivity in phase-confined CNT co-continuous blends
Creators: name: Colonna, Samuele
name: Han, Zhidong
name: Fina, Alberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the present work, the morphology and the electrical and thermal conduction properties of co-continuous poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF), maleated polypropylene (PPgMA) and multiwall carbon nanotubes (CNT) nanostructured blends are investigated. CNT preferentially locates in the PPgMA phase and clearly causes a refinement in the co-continuous structure. Electrical conductivity experiments show that nanocomposites are well above the percolation threshold and evidence for one order of magnitude enhancement in conductivity for the co-continuous nanocomposites compared to the monophasic nanocomposites with the same CNT volume fraction. On the other hand, thermal diffusivity enhancement for the co-continuous blends is found lower than that for the monophasic nanocomposites at the same CNT volume fraction. An explanation is proposed in terms of large interfacial area, causing phonon scattering at the interface between immiscible PVDF and PPgMA domains. Results described in this paper open the way to the preparation of high electrical and low thermal conductivity materials with possible application as thermoelectrics.
Additional file 5 of Breaking down population density into different components to better understand its spatial variation
Creators: name: Jacquier, Mickaël
name: Jean-Michel Vandel
name: Léger, François
name: Duhayer, Jeanne
name: Pardonnet, Sylvia
name: Say, Ludovic
name: Devillard, Sébastien
name: Ruette, Sandrine
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 5. Standardized scoring system used in order to distinguish badger main setts, occupied secondary setts, and unoccupied setts across all study sites.
Non-perturbative Aspects of Schwinger-Dyson Equations
Creators: name: Bashir, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Schwinger-Dyson equations (SDEs) provide a natural staring point to study non-perturbative phenomena such as dynamical chiral symmetry breaking in gauge field theories. We briefly review this research in the context of quenched quantum electrodynamics (QED) and discuss the advances made in the gradual improvement of the assumptions employed to solve these equations. We argue that these attempts render the corresponding studies more and more reliable and suitable for their future use in the more realistic cases of unquenched QED, quantum chromodynamics (QCD) and models alternative to the standard model of particle physics.
description: 8 pages, 1 figure, Talk given at the X Mexican School of Particles and Fields, Playa del Carmen, Mexico, 2002 (uses AIP style files)
Solving hyperbolic-elliptic problems on singular mapped disk-like domains with the method of characteristics and spline finite elements
Creators: name: Zoni, Edoardo
name: Güçlü, Yaman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A common strategy in the numerical solution of partial differential equations is to define a uniform discretization of a tensor-product multi-dimensional logical domain, which is mapped to a physical domain through a given coordinate transformation. By extending this concept to a multi-patch setting, simple and efficient numerical algorithms can be employed on relatively complex geometries. The main drawback of such an approach is the inherent difficulty in dealing with singularities of the coordinate transformation. This work suggests a comprehensive numerical strategy for the common situation of disk-like domains with a singularity at a unique pole, where one edge of the rectangular logical domain collapses to one point of the physical domain (for example, a circle). We present robust numerical methods for the solution of Vlasov-like hyperbolic equations coupled to Poisson-like elliptic equations in such geometries. We describe a semi-Lagrangian advection solver that employs a novel set of coordinates, named pseudo-Cartesian coordinates, to integrate the characteristic equations in the whole domain, including the pole, and a finite element elliptic solver based on globally $C^1$ smooth splines (Toshniwal et al., 2017). The two solvers are tested both independently and on a coupled model, namely the 2D guiding-center model for magnetized plasmas, equivalent to a vorticity model for incompressible inviscid Euler fluids. The numerical methods presented show high-order convergence in the space discretization parameters, uniformly across the computational domain, without effects of order reduction due to the singularity. Dedicated tests show that the numerical techniques described can be applied straightforwardly also in the presence of point charges (equivalently, point-like vortices), within the context of particle-in-cell methods.
Additional file 4 of Breaking down population density into different components to better understand its spatial variation
Creators: name: Jacquier, Mickaël
name: Jean-Michel Vandel
name: Léger, François
name: Duhayer, Jeanne
name: Pardonnet, Sylvia
name: Say, Ludovic
name: Devillard, Sébastien
name: Ruette, Sandrine
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 4. Description and geographic maps of the 13 study sites surveyed in France.
Cryptocephalus (Protophysus) Chevrolat 1836
Creators: name: Ekiz, Ali Nafiz
name: Şen, İsmail
name: Aslan, Ebru Gül
name: Gök, Ali
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Chrysomelidae
Cryptocephalus

description: Subgenus Protophysus Chevrolat, 1836
 C. schaefferi Schrank, 1789: TR-A: AMA, ANK, BIL, BOL, BRS, EZU, ISP, KRS, MER, SAM, TOK – TR-E: EDI, KRK (Weise 1884a, 1900c; Medvedev 1970; Aslan and Özbek 1997a; Sassi and Kısmalı 2000; Gök 2002; Schöller 2002; Warchałowski 2003; Gruev 2004; Atay and Çam 2006; Özdikmen 2011) [= C. bodemeyeri Weise, 1900]
 Note: This species is represented by only C. schaefferi moehringi Weise, 1884 in Turkey.
 ∗ C. wehnckei Weise, 1881: TR-A: ADA, ANT, ISP, MER (Weise 1881; Aslan and Özbek 1997a; Sassi and Kısmalı 2000; Warchałowski 2003; Şen and Gök 2009; Ekiz et al. 2010)
description: Published as part of Ekiz, Ali Nafiz, Şen, İsmail, Aslan, Ebru Gül & Gök, Ali, 2013, Checklist of leaf beetles (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) of Turkey, excluding Bruchinae, pp. 2213-2287 in Journal of Natural History 47 (33 - 34) on page 2230, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2012.763069, http://zenodo.org/record/5197560
Determining liquid crystal properties with ordinal networks and machine learning
Creators: name: Pessa, Arthur A. B.
name: Zola, Rafael S.
name: Perc, Matjaz
name: Ribeiro, Haroldo V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Machine learning methods are becoming increasingly important for the development of materials science. In spite of this, the use of image analysis in the development of these systems is still recent and underexplored, especially in materials often studied via optical imaging techniques such as liquid crystals. Here we apply the recently proposed method of ordinal networks to map optical textures obtained from experimental samples of liquid crystals into complex networks and use this representation jointly with a simple statistical learning algorithm to investigate different physical properties of these materials. Our research demonstrates that ordinal networks formed by only 24 nodes encode crucial information about liquid crystal properties, thus allowing us to train simple machine learning models capable of identifying and classifying mesophase transitions, distinguishing among different doping concentrations used to induce chiral mesophases, and predicting sample temperatures with outstanding accuracy. The precision and scalability of our approach indicate it can be used to probe properties of different materials in situations involving large-scale datasets or real-time monitoring systems.
description: 9 two-column pages, 4 figures; accepted for publication in Chaos, Solitons & Fractals
Baryon-Interacting Dark Matter: heating dark matter and the emergence of galaxy scaling relations
Creators: name: Famaey, Benoit
name: Khoury, Justin
name: Penco, Riccardo
name: Sharma, Anushrut
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The empirical scaling relations observed in disk galaxies remain challenging for models of galaxy formation. The most striking among these is the Mass Discrepancy-Acceleration Relation (MDAR), which encodes both a tight baryonic Tully-Fisher relation (BTFR) and the observed diversity of galaxy rotation curves through the central surface density relation (CSDR). Building on our earlier work, we propose here that the MDAR is the result of interactions between baryons and 'Baryon-Interacting Dark Matter' (BIDM), which heat up the dark matter. Following a bottom-up, hydrodynamical approach, we find that the MDAR follows if: $i)$ the BIDM equation of state approximates that of an ideal gas; $ii)$ the BIDM relaxation time is order the Jeans time; $iii)$ the heating rate is inversely proportional to the BIDM density. Remarkably, under these assumptions the set of hydrodynamical equations together with Poisson's equation enjoy an anisotropic scaling symmetry. In the BIDM-dominated regime, this gives rise to an enhanced symmetry which fully captures the low-acceleration limit of the MDAR. We then show that, assuming a cored pseudo-isothermal profile at equilibrium, this set of equations gives rise to parameters reproducing the MDAR. Specifically, in the flat part of the rotation curve the asymptotic rotational velocity matches the parametric dependence of the BTFR. Moreover, in the central region of high-surface brightness galaxies, the profile reproduces the CSDR. Finally, by studying the time-dependent approach to equilibrium, we derive a global combination of the BTFR and CSDR, which matches the expectations in low surface-brightness galaxies. The form of the heating rate also makes model-independent predictions for various cosmological observables. We argue that our scenario satisfies existing observational constraints, and, intriguingly, offers a possible explanation to the EDGES anomaly.
description: 32 pages. v2: Minor edits, references added
Digital Pathology Where did – do – will you go?
Creators: name: Kayser, Klaus
name: Borkenfeld, Stephan
name: Wei-Kleiner, Fang
name: Kayser, Gian
Publisher: name: medical journal of virtual science
Year: 2021

description: Background: Communication in tissue based diagnosis requires a standardization of signals which is commonly ensured by the applied language. Any language consists of content (words) and syntax (context, sequence of words or the goal of message). Aim: To analyze the historical development of information content and context in digital pathology. Material and Methods: The ideas and implementation of digital pathology within the last 50 years are investigated. Research content information is distinguished in components of its goals and compartments of its host environment. In addition, the technological progress is taken into account. Results: Digital pathology of tissue – based diagnosis started with stereological measurements of individual nuclear / cellular features and separated contemporary structure analysis of cellular / nuclear ‘clusters’. Most of the publications addressed scientific communication. Patient related diagnosis – therapeutic application was rare or did not exist. The implementation of telepathology changed the situation. It was the starting point to separate context from content information. The commercial distribution of digital communication tools such as digital cameras, mobile phones and electronic combined acoustic – visual data transfer induced a simplification of individual content modules and the ‘export’ of assigned context compartments in separate data files. Conclusions: Communication in tissue – based diagnosis is characterized by remarkable changes of basic information transfer modules which diminish the individual ‘meaning’ of content modules and increase associated context components. As a consequence, error – free content information mandatory requires unequivocally dedicated context modules.
description: medical journal of virtual science, Vol. 1 No. 1 (2021): medical-journal-of-virtual-science.de
Network-Accelerated Non-Contiguous Memory Transfers
Creators: name: Di Girolamo, Salvatore
name: Taranov, Konstantin
name: Kurth, Andreas
name: Schaffner, Michael
name: Schneider, Timo
name: Beránek, Jakub
name: Besta, Maciej
name: Benini, Luca
name: Roweth, Duncan
name: Hoefler, Torsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Applications often communicate data that is non-contiguous in the send- or the receive-buffer, e.g., when exchanging a column of a matrix stored in row-major order. While non-contiguous transfers are well supported in HPC (e.g., MPI derived datatypes), they can still be up to 5x slower than contiguous transfers of the same size. As we enter the era of network acceleration, we need to investigate which tasks to offload to the NIC: In this work we argue that non-contiguous memory transfers can be transparently networkaccelerated, truly achieving zero-copy communications. We implement and extend sPIN, a packet streaming processor, within a Portals 4 NIC SST model, and evaluate strategies for NIC-offloaded processing of MPI datatypes, ranging from datatype-specific handlers to general solutions for any MPI datatype. We demonstrate up to 10x speedup in the unpack throughput of real applications, demonstrating that non-contiguous memory transfers are a first-class candidate for network acceleration.
description: In Proceedings of the International Conference for High Performance Computing, Networking, Storage and Analysis (SC19), Nov. 2019
Transient anomalous diffusion in heterogeneous media with stochastic resetting
Creators: name: Lenzi, M. K.
name: Lenzi, E. K.
name: Guilherme, L. M. S.
name: Evangelista, L. R.
name: Ribeiro, H. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate a diffusion process in heterogeneous media where particles stochastically reset to their initial positions at a constant rate. The heterogeneous media is modeled using a spatial-dependent diffusion coefficient with a power-law dependence on particles' positions. We use the Green function approach to obtain exact solutions for the probability distribution of particles' positions and the mean square displacement. These results are further compared and agree with numerical simulations of a Langevin equation. We also study the first-passage time problem associated with this diffusion process and obtain an exact expression for the mean first-passage time. Our findings show that this system exhibits non-Gaussian distributions, transient anomalous diffusion (sub- or superdiffusion) and stationary states that simultaneously depend on the media heterogeneity and the resetting rate. We further demonstrate that the media heterogeneity non-trivially affect the mean first-passage time, yielding an optimal resetting rate for which this quantity displays a minimum.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures; accepted for publication Physica A
Cubic order for spatial 't Hooft loop in hot QCD
Creators: name: Giovannangeli, P.
name: Altes, C. P. Korthals
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spatial 't Hooft loops of strength k measure the qualitative change in the behaviour of electric colour flux in confined and deconfined phase of SU(N) gauge theory. They show an area law in the deconfined phase, known analytically to two loop order with a ``k-scaling'' law k(N-k). In this paper we compute the O(g^3) correction to the tension. It is due to neutral gluon fields that get their mass through interaction with the wall. The simple k-scaling is lost in cubic order. The generic problem of non-convexity shows up in this order. The result for large N is explicitely given.
description: 5 pages, appears in the proceedings of SEWM2002
A Systematic Review of Invisible UK Azad Kashmiris in the NHS Mental Health Services
Creators: name: Yasmeen, Rafat
name: Khan, Itrat
name: Verma, Ashish
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 420504
subject: Mental health nursing

description: Pakistani-Occupied Kashmiris (POK), also known as Azad Kashmiris, face dual discrimination based on their nationality and mental health. According to this systematic review, the POK are deprived of a name and identity in the United Kingdom and of the human right to access NHS mental healthcare, leaving them vulnerable to poor health outcomes. This lack of healthcare access seriously affects the community, such as the increased risk of mental health issues, poverty, radicalisation and grooming. To address this issue, it is essential to recognise this community's unique needs and provide them with the necessary mental healthcare resources.In this systematic review, the gap in the literature on UK POK and the importance of further research to inform policy and practice has been identified. With implications for future research, this review provides a comprehensive overview of the existing literature and a meta-analysis.
Created 09/09/2023 Revised DOI 19/10/24
Norm One Projections in Banach Spaces
Creators: name: Randrianantoanina, Beata
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46B, 46E

description: This is the survey of results about norm one projections and 1-complemented subspaces in Köthe function spaces and Banach sequence spaces. The historical development of the theory is presented from the 1930's to the newest ideas. Proofs of the main results are outlined. Open problems are also discussed. Every effort has been made to include as complete a bibliography as possible.
description: 54 pages
Optical Thouless pumping transport and nonlinear switching in a topological low-dimensional discrete nematic liquid crystal array
Creators: name: Jung, Pawel S.
name: Parto, Midya
name: Pyrialakos, Georgios G.
name: Nasari, Hadiseh
name: Rutkowska, Katarzyna
name: Trippenbach, Marek
name: Khajavikhan, Mercedeh
name: Krolikowski, Wieslaw
name: Christodoulides, Demetrios N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically investigate a Thouless pumping scheme in the 1D topological Su-Schrieffer-Heeger (SSH) model for single and multiple band-gaps systems when implemented in a discrete nematic liquid crystal arrangement. For an electrically controlled SSH waveguide array, we numerically demonstrate edge-to-edge light transport at low power levels. On the other hand, at higher powers, the transport is frustrated by light-induced nonlinear defect states, giving rise to robust all-optical switching.
description: Accepted 23 December 2021 PRA
Macrocoma Chapuis 1874
Creators: name: Ekiz, Ali Nafiz
name: Şen, İsmail
name: Aslan, Ebru Gül
name: Gök, Ali
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Bryophyta
Bryopsida
Orthotrichales
Orthotrichaceae
Macrocoma

description: Genus Macrocoma Chapuis, 1874
 M. brunnipes (Olivier 1808): TR-A: ADA (Warchałowski 2001, 2003; Borowiec 2005; Özdikmen 2011)
 Note: This species is only represented by subspecies M. brunnipes obscuricolor (Pic 1905).
 M. delagrangei (Pic 1898): TR-A: DIY, MER (Aslan et al. 1996; Warchałowski 2003; Borowiec 2005; Özdikmen 2011)
 Material examined: Isparta (ISP) province: Kasnak Meşesi Nature Reserve, 1450 m, 1 July 2007, leg. A. Gök, 4 specimens.
 ∗ M. doboszi Borowiec, 2005: TR-A: MAR – TR-E: KRK (Borowiec 2005)
 ∗ M. fortidens (Berti and Rapilly 1973): TR-A: DIY, HAT, VAN (Berti and Rapilly 1973; Aslan et al. 1996; Moseyko and Sprecher-Uebersax 2010)
 ∗ M. korbi (Pic 1901): TR-A: KON, MER, NIG (Pic 1901; Weise 1902; Aslan et al. 1996; Warchałowski 2003; Borowiec 2005; Özdikmen 2011) [= M. korbi (Weise 1902)]
 M. rubripes (Schaufuss 1862): TR-A: ADA, ANK, ANT, CNK, EZU, GAZ, ISP, IZM, KAY, KON, MER, NIG (Gruev and Tomov 1979; Aslan et al. 1996; Warchałowski 2003; Borowiec 2005; Şen and Gök 2009; Özdikmen 2011) [= M. anatolica (Pic 1899)]
 M. substriata Weise, 1904: TR-A: DIY (Lopatin 1985; Aslan et al. 1996)
description: Published as part of Ekiz, Ali Nafiz, Şen, İsmail, Aslan, Ebru Gül & Gök, Ali, 2013, Checklist of leaf beetles (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) of Turkey, excluding Bruchinae, pp. 2213-2287 in Journal of Natural History 47 (33 - 34) on pages 2232-2233, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2012.763069, http://zenodo.org/record/5197560
Origin of Ising magnetism in Ca3Co2O6 unveiled by orbital imaging
Creators: name: Leedahl, Brett
name: Sundermann, Martin
name: Amorese, Andrea
name: Severing, Andrea
name: Gretarsson, Hlynur
name: Zhang, Lunyong
name: Komarek, Alexander C.
name: Haverkort, Maurits W.
name: Maignan, Antoine
name: Tjeng, Liu Hao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The one-dimensional cobaltate Ca3Co2O6 is an intriguing material having an unconventional magnetic structure, displaying quantum tunneling phenomena in its magnetization. Using a newly developed experimental method, s-core-level non-resonant inelastic x-ray scattering (s-NIXS), we were able to image the atomic Co 3d orbital that is responsible for the Ising magnetism in this system. We show that we can directly observe that it is the complex d2 orbital occupied by the sixth electron at the high-spin Co-trig{3+} (d6) sites that generates this behavior. This is extremely rare in the research field of transition metal compounds, and is only made possible by the delicately balanced prismatic trigonal coordination. The ability to directly relate the orbital occupation with the local crystal structure is essential to model the magnetic properties of this system.
A self-avoiding walk with attractive interactions
Creators: name: Ueltschi, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 60K35, 60G50, 82B41

description: A self-avoiding walk with small attractive interactions is described here. The existence of the connective constant is established, and the diffusive behavior is proved using the method of the lace expansion.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures
Photoexcited Small Polaron Formation in Goethite (α-FeOOH) Nanorods Probed by Transient Extreme Ultraviolet Spectroscopy
Creators: name: Porter, Ilana J.
name: Cushing, Scott K.
name: Carneiro, Lucas M.
name: Lee, Angela
name: Ondry, Justin C.
name: Dahl, Jakob C.
name: Chang, Hung-Tzu
name: Alivisatos, A. Paul
name: Leone, Stephen R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Small polaron formation limits the mobility and lifetimes of photoexcited carriers in metal oxides. As the ligand field strength increases, the carrier mobility decreases, but the effect on the photoexcited small polaron formation is still unknown. Extreme ultraviolet transient absorption spectroscopy is employed to measure small polaron formation rates and probabilities in goethite (α-FeOOH) crystalline nanorods at pump photon energies from 2.2 to 3.1 eV. The measured polaron formation time increases with excitation photon energy from 70 {\pm} 10 fs at 2.2 eV to 350 {\pm} 30 fs at 2.6 eV, whereas the polaron formation probability (85 {\pm} 10%) remains constant. By comparison to hematite (α-Fe2O3), an oxide analog, the role of ligand composition and metal center density in small polaron formation time is discussed. This work suggests that incorporating small changes in ligands and crystal structure could enable the control of photoexcited small polaron formation in metal oxides.
Disorder induced rounding of the phase transition in the large q-state Potts model
Creators: name: Mercaldo, M. T.
name: d'Auriac, J-Ch. Anglès
name: Iglói, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The phase transition in the q-state Potts model with homogeneous ferromagnetic couplings is strongly first order for large q, while is rounded in the presence of quenched disorder. Here we study this phenomenon on different two-dimensional lattices by using the fact that the partition function of the model is dominated by a single diagram of the high-temperature expansion, which is calculated by an efficient combinatorial optimization algorithm. For a given finite sample with discrete randomness the free energy is a pice-wise linear function of the temperature, which is rounded after averaging, however the discontinuity of the internal energy at the transition point (i.e. the latent heat) stays finite even in the thermodynamic limit. For a continuous disorder, instead, the latent heat vanishes. At the phase transition point the dominant diagram percolates and the total magnetic moment is related to the size of the percolating cluster. Its fractal dimension is found d_f=(5+\sqrt{5})/4 and it is independent of the type of the lattice and the form of disorder. We argue that the critical behavior is exclusively determined by disorder and the corresponding fixed point is the isotropic version of the so called infinite randomness fixed point, which is realized in random quantum spin chains. From this mapping we conjecture the values of the critical exponents as β=2-d_f, β_s=1/2 and ν=1.
description: 12 pages, 12 figures, version as published
Risk of reoperation within 12 months following osteosynthesis of a displaced femoral neck fracture is linked mainly to initial fracture displacement while risk of death may be linked to bone quality: a cohort study from Danish Fracture Database
Creators: name: Nyholm, Anne M
name: Palm, Henrik
name: Sandholdt, Håkon
name: Troelsen, Anders
name: Gromov, Kirill
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer

description: Background and purpose — Most guidelines use patient age as a primary decision factor when choosing between osteosynthesis or arthroplasty in displaced femoral neck fractures. We evaluate reoperation and death risk within 1 year after osteosynthesis, and estimate the influence of age, sex, degree of displacement, and bone quality. Patients and methods — All surgeries for femoral neck fractures with parallel implants (2 or 3 screws or pins) performed between December 2011 and November 2015 were collected from the Danish Fracture Database. Radiographs were analyzed for initial displacement, quality of reduction, protrusion, and angulation of implants. The bone quality was estimated using the cortical thickness index (CTI). Garden I and II type fractures with posterior tilt < 20° were excluded. Results — 654 patients with a mean age of 69 years were included. 59% were female. 54% were Garden II with posterior tilt > 20° or Garden III, and 46% were Garden IV. Only 38% were adequately reduced. 19% underwent reoperation and 18% died within 12 months. Female sex, surgical delay between 12 and 24 hours vs. < 12 hours, Garden IV type fracture, inadequate reduction, and protrusion of an implant were associated with statistically significant increased reoperation risk. No significant association between reoperation and age, CTI, or the initial angulation of implants was found. Notably, CTI was linked inversely with death risk. Interpretation — Reoperation risk is linked mainly to primary displacement and reduction of the fracture, with no apparent effect of age or bone quality. Bone quality may be linked with risk of death.
Multiple Parton Scattering in Nuclei: Beyond Helicity Amplitude Approximation
Creators: name: Zhang, Ben-Wei
name: Wang, Xin-Nian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Multiple parton scattering and induced parton energy loss in deeply inelastic scattering (DIS) off heavy nuclei is studied within the framework of generalized factorization in perturbative QCD with a complete calculation beyond the helicity amplitude (or soft bremsstrahlung) approximation. Such a calculation gives rise to new corrections to the modified quark fragmentation functions. The effective parton energy loss is found to be reduced by a factor of 5/6 from the result of helicity amplitude approximation.
description: 20 pages, 14 figures
The Rise of AI-Generated Deepfakes: Techniques, Challenges, Implications, and Countermeasures
Creators: name: Gondaliya, Hardik
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 400602
subject: Data communications

description: This paper explores the rapid rise and evolving sophistication of AI-generated deepfakes, examining the technical underpinnings behind their creation, including autoencoders, GANs, and diffusion models. It investigates the vulnerabilities in existing image verification systems and the broader societal threats posed by synthetic media, from political misinformation to biometric fraud. The study further analyzes the psychological, legal, and ethical implications, including the spread of non-consensual explicit content and the erosion of trust in legitimate media. Finally, the paper proposes a multi-layered defense strategy encompassing technical detection methods, digital watermarking, blockchain-based authentication, regulatory policy, and public education to mitigate the risks and safeguard digital authenticity.
Farmers’ Participation in Agritourism: Does It Affect the Bottom Line?
Creators: name: Joo, Hyunjeong
name: Khanal, Aditya R.
name: Mishra, Ashok K.
name: Joo, Hyunjeong
name: Khanal, Aditya R.
name: Mishra, Ashok K.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: average treatment effect
subject: farm household income
subject: farm tourism
subject: propensity score matching
subject: recreational service
subject: return to asset
subject: small farms

description: Agritourism is an alternative source of farm income. We examine farmers’ participation in agritourism activities to assess the impact of participation on farm household income and return to assets using a large farm-level survey. The results reveal that older, educated, and female operators are more likely to participate in agritourism. However, government subsidies and the population of the county are negatively correlated with agritourism. Of the types of farm operations examined, small-scale farms that involved agritourism generated the greatest household incomes and returns to assets. For operators of small farms, agritourism can boost the economic well-being of farm households.
Sugar beet production in the European Union and their future trends
Creators: name: Řezbová, H.
name: Belova, Anna
name: Škubna, O.
name: Řezbová, H.
name: Belova, Anna
name: Škubna, O.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Sugar beet
subject: sugar production
subject: yield potential
subject: variable costs.

description: The main aim of this paper is to analyze the yield (t/ha) and the production costs of white (polarized) sugar and sugar beet in the main European producer countries in order to identify main development trends. The partial objectives of this study are: to analyse the production costs (variable costs) of sugar and sugar beet of the main European producers (France, Germany, Poland, United Kingdom, Czech Republic), to compare sugar beet yield of Tereos France and Tereos TTD a.s., to analyse sugar beet yield potential and their trends. The used methods are chain and basic indexes and regression analysis of time series/trend data - for predicting on next tree years. The main producers of sugar beet in the European Union (i.e. France, Germany, Poland, United Kingdom, and Czech Republic) can not achieve goal of sugar yield 15t/ha while maintaining the amount of variable (direct) costs at 15 EUR/tone of sugar beet in the business year 2015/2016. Pieces of knowledge introduced in this paper resulted from solution of an institutional research intention MSM 6046070906 „Economics of resources of Czech agriculture and their efficient use in frame of multifunctional agri-food systems“.
Determination of Energetic Compounds in Ammunition Contaminated Soil by Accelerated Solvent Extraction (ASE) and Gas Chromatography – Microelectron Capture Detection (GC-µECD)
Creators: name: Zhang, Huijun
name: Wang, Shiyu
name: Zhu, Yongbing
name: Zhao, Sanping
name: Nie, Yaguang
name: Liao, Xiaoyong
name: Cao, Hongying
name: Yin, Hao
name: Liu, Xiaodong
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: An analytical method of accelerated solvent extraction combined with gas chromatographic – microelectron capture detection (GC-μECD) was developed for the determination of energetic compounds (ECs) in soils from Chinese ammunition-contaminated sites. The results showed that the recoveries of most compounds were 82.86 ± 7.35 − 109.70 ± 10.82%, 82.53 ± 6.18 − 99.21 ± 1.88%, 80.44 ± 1.73 − 108.20 ± 4.58% at spiked levels of 20, 100, and 500 ng, respectively. Each spiked level was analyzed in triplicate with relative standard deviations from 3.51 to 13.34%, 1.90 to 10.51%, and 0.50 to 5.90%. GC-μECD is highly sensitive to these electronegative compounds with method detection limits (MDL) from 0.64 to 3.48 ng·g−1. This technique has the advantages of high efficiency, reduced solvent consumption, low detection limits, and suitability for a wide range of compounds. The developed approach was successfully applied to the determination of energetic compounds in soils collected from four ammunition-contaminated sites in China. The concentrations of energetic compounds in soil were from 5.60 to 9.22 × 105 ng·g−1 at these sites. The results show that the present method accurately simultaneously determined multiple energetic compounds that may assist with the characterization of soil pollution.
Probe Initial Parton Density and Formation Time via Jet Quenching
Creators: name: Wang, Xin-Nian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Medium modification of jet fragmentation function due to multiple scattering and induced gluon radiation leads directly to jet quenching or suppression of leading particle distribution from jet fragmentation. One can extract an effective total parton energy loss which can be related to the total transverse momentum broadening. For an expanding medium, both are shown to be sensitive to the initial parton density and formation time. Therefore, one can extract the initial parton density and formation time from simultaneous measurements of parton energy loss and transverse momentum broadening. Implication of the recent experimental data on effects of detailed balance in parton energy loss is also discussed.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, talk at Quark Matter 2002, 16th International Conference on Ultrarelativistic Nucleus-nucleus Collisions, Nantes, July 18-24, 2002
Chrysolinopsis Bechyne 1950
Creators: name: Ekiz, Ali Nafiz
name: Şen, İsmail
name: Aslan, Ebru Gül
name: Gök, Ali
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Chrysomelidae
Chrysolinopsis

description: Subgenus Chrysolinopsis Bechyné, 1950
 Ch. americana (Linnaeus 1758): TR-A: AYD, ANK, ANT, IZM, MAN (Gül- Zümreoğlu 1972; Aslan, Gruev et al. 2003; Özdikmen 2011)
 Material examined: Muğla (MUG) province: Fethiye, 200 m, 8 May 1973, leg. A. Gök, 1 specimen.
description: Published as part of Ekiz, Ali Nafiz, Şen, İsmail, Aslan, Ebru Gül & Gök, Ali, 2013, Checklist of leaf beetles (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) of Turkey, excluding Bruchinae, pp. 2213-2287 in Journal of Natural History 47 (33 - 34) on page 2234, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2012.763069, http://zenodo.org/record/5197560
Calorimetry with Deep Learning: Particle Simulation and Reconstruction for Collider Physics
Creators: name: Belayneh, Dawit
name: Carminati, Federico
name: Farbin, Amir
name: Hooberman, Benjamin
name: Khattak, Gulrukh
name: Liu, Miaoyuan
name: Liu, Junze
name: Olivito, Dominick
name: Pacela, Vitória Barin
name: Pierini, Maurizio
name: Schwing, Alexander
name: Spiropulu, Maria
name: Vallecorsa, Sofia
name: Vlimant, Jean-Roch
name: Wei, Wei
name: Zhang, Matt
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Using detailed simulations of calorimeter showers as training data, we investigate the use of deep learning algorithms for the simulation and reconstruction of particles produced in high-energy physics collisions. We train neural networks on shower data at the calorimeter-cell level, and show significant improvements for simulation and reconstruction when using these networks compared to methods which rely on currently-used state-of-the-art algorithms. We define two models: an end-to-end reconstruction network which performs simultaneous particle identification and energy regression of particles when given calorimeter shower data, and a generative network which can provide reasonable modeling of calorimeter showers for different particle types at specified angles and energies. We investigate the optimization of our models with hyperparameter scans. Furthermore, we demonstrate the applicability of the reconstruction model to shower inputs from other detector geometries, specifically ATLAS-like and CMS-like geometries. These networks can serve as fast and computationally light methods for particle shower simulation and reconstruction for current and future experiments at particle colliders.
description: 26 pages, 38 figures. Corrected typos and added additional references in v2. Extended Acknowledgements section in v3
The Factors Influencing the Application of Organic Farming Operations by Farmers in Iran
Creators: name: Savari, M.
name: Ebrahimi-Maymand, R.
name: Mohammadi-Kanigolzar, F.
name: Savari, M.
name: Ebrahimi-Maymand, R.
name: Mohammadi-Kanigolzar, F.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Sustainable Agriculture
subject: Organic Farming
subject: Soil Preservation
subject: Divandarreh City.

description: The overall aim of this study is to study the factors influencing the application of organic farming operations by farmers. The research‘s statistical population would consist of all the farmers in Divandarreh city (N=7931). Using the Cochran‘s sampling formula, 98 individuals were selected as the sample. In order to enhance the validity of findings, a total of 120 questionnaires were distributed using stratified random sampling, with proportionate and finally, 115 ones were completed and analyzed. The research’s main instrument was a questionnaire whose viability by a panel of experts and its reliability was confirmed by Cronbach‘s alpha coefficient (α>0.7). Data analysis was carried out by the software SPSSwin18. The results showed that the study farmers apply organic farming operations at a low and moderate level. Additionally, the results indicated that there is a positive and significant relationship between the application of organic farming operations with the variables of farming-work experience, literacy, use of communicative media, attitude to organic farming, knowledge and awareness of organic farming, participation in educational courses of extension, and use of educational publications. Moreover, the results of regression analysis showed that the three variables of use of information and communicative resources and channels, attitude to organic farming, and use of educational and extensional publications explained 61.2 percent of the changes related to the variance of the study‘s dependent variable (application of organic farming operations).
Interfacial contributions to spin-orbit torque and magnetoresistance in ferromagnet/heavy-metal bilayers
Creators: name: Belashchenko, K. D.
name: Kovalev, Alexey A.
name: van Schilfgaarde, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The thickness dependence of spin-orbit torque and magnetoresistance in ferromagnet/heavy-metal bilayers is studied using the first-principles non-equilibrium Green's function formalism combined with the Anderson disorder model. A systematic expansion in orthogonal vector spherical harmonics is used for the angular dependence of the torque. The damping-like torque in Co/Pt and Co/Au bilayers can be described as a sum of the spin-Hall contribution, which increases with thickness in agreement with the spin-diffusion model, and a comparable interfacial contribution. The magnetoconductance in the plane perpendicular to the current in Co/Pt bilayers is of the order of a conductance quantum per interfacial atom, exceeding the prediction of the spin-Hall model by more than an order of magnitude. This suggests that the "spin-Hall magnetoresistance," similarly to the damping-like torque, has a large interfacial contribution unrelated to the spin-Hall effect.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures
Using of Automatic Metadata Providing
Creators: name: Šimek, P.
name: Stočes, M.
name: Vaněk, J.
name: Jarolímek, J.
name: Masner, J.
name: Hrbek, I.
name: Šimek, P.
name: Stočes, M.
name: Vaněk, J.
name: Jarolímek, J.
name: Masner, J.
name: Hrbek, I.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Metadata
subject: OAI-PMH
subject: archive
subject: agrarian portal
subject: metadata distribution.

description: The paper deals with the necessity of systemic solution for metadata providing by local archives into central repositories and its subsequent implementatiton by the Department of Information Technologies, Faculty of Economics and Management, Czech University of Life Sciences in Prague, for the needs of the agrarian WWW AGRIS portal. The system supports the OAI-PMH (Open Archive Initiative – Protocol for Metadata Harvesting) protocol, several metadata formats and thesauri and meets the quality requirements: functionality, high level of reliability, applicability, sustainability and transferability. The SW application for the OAI-PMH requests’ servicing is run in the setting of the WWW Apache server using an efficient PHP framework Nette and database dibi layer.
Additional file 1 of Transcriptomics analysis of differentially expressed genes in subcutaneous and perirenal adipose tissue of sheep as affected by their pre- and early postnatal malnutrition histories
Creators: name: Ahmad, Sharmila
name: Drag, Markus Hodal
name: Salleh, Suraya Mohamad
name: Zexi Cai
name: Nielsen, Mette Olaf
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. The list of differential expressed genes for males versus females in subcutaneous adipose tissue.