cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Two-channel Kondo physics in odd impurity chains
Creators: name: Mitchell, Andrew K.
name: Logan, David E.
name: Krishnamurthy, H. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study odd-membered chains of spin-(1/2) impurities, with each end connected to its own metallic lead. For antiferromagnetic exchange coupling, universal two-channel Kondo (2CK) physics is shown to arise at low energies. Two overscreening mechanisms are found to occur depending on coupling strength, with distinct signatures in physical properties. For strong inter-impurity coupling, a residual chain spin-(1/2) moment experiences a renormalized effective coupling to the leads; while in the weak-coupling regime, Kondo coupling is mediated via incipient single-channel Kondo singlet formation. We also investigate models where the leads are tunnel-coupled to the impurity chain, permitting variable dot filling under applied gate voltages. Effective low-energy models for each regime of filling are derived, and for even-fillings where the chain ground state is a spin singlet, an orbital 2CK effect is found to be operative. Provided mirror symmetry is preserved, 2CK physics is shown to be wholly robust to variable dot filling; in particular the single-particle spectrum at the Fermi level, and hence the low-temperature zero-bias conductance, is always pinned to half-unitarity. We derive a Friedel-Luttinger sum rule and from it show that, in contrast to a Fermi liquid, the Luttinger integral is non-zero and determined solely by the `excess' dot charge as controlled by gate voltage. The relevance of the work to real quantum dot devices, where inter-lead charge-transfer processes fatal to 2CK physics are present, is also discussed. Physical arguments and numerical renormalization group techniques are used to obtain a detailed understanding of these problems.
description: 21 pages, 19 figures
Time-optimal CNOT between indirectly coupled qubits in a linear Ising chain
Creators: name: Carlini, A.
name: Hosoya, A.
name: Koike, T.
name: Okudaira, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We give analytical solutions for the time-optimal synthesis of entangling gates between indirectly coupled qubits 1 and 3 in a linear spin chain of three qubits subject to an Ising Hamiltonian interaction with equal coupling $J$ plus a local magnetic field acting on the intermediate qubit. The energy available is fixed, but we relax the standard assumption of instantaneous unitary operations acting on single qubits. The time required for performing an entangling gate which is equivalent, modulo local unitary operations, to the $\mathrm{CNOT}(1, 3)$ between the indirectly coupled qubits 1 and 3 is $T=\sqrt{3/2} J^{-1}$, i.e. faster than a previous estimate based on a similar Hamiltonian and the assumption of local unitaries with zero time cost. Furthermore, performing a simple Walsh-Hadamard rotation in the Hlibert space of qubit 3 shows that the time-optimal synthesis of the $\mathrm{CNOT}^{\pm}(1, 3)$ (which acts as the identity when the control qubit 1 is in the state $\ket{0}$, while if the control qubit is in the state $\ket{1}$ the target qubit 3 is flipped as $\ket{\pm}\rightarrow \ket{\mp}$) also requires the same time $T$.
description: 9 pages; minor modifications
Effective Instance Matching for Heterogeneous Structured Data
Creators: name: Ma, Yongtao
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2014
Subjects: Instance Matching
Blocking
Machine Learning
Semantic Web
Data Management

description: One main problem towards the effective usage of structured data is instance matching, where the goal is to find instance representations referring to the same real-world thing. In this book we investigate how to effectively match Heterogeneous structured data. We evaluate our approaches against the latest baselines. The results show advances beyond the state-of-the-art.
Spin Susceptibility and Helical Magnetic Orders at the Edges/Surfaces of Topological Insulators Due to Fermi Surface Nesting
Creators: name: Jiang, Jian-Hua
name: Wu, Si
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study spin susceptibility and magnetic order at the edges/surfaces of two-dimensional and three-dimensional topological insulators when the Fermi surface is nested. We find that due to spin-momentum locking as well as time-reversal symmetry, spin susceptibility at the nesting wavevector has a strong {\em helical} feature. It follows then, a {\em helical} spin density wave (SDW) state emerges at low temperature due to Fermi surface nesting. The helical feature of spin susceptibility also has profound impact on the magnetic order in magnetically doped surface of three dimensional topological insulators. In such system, from the mean field Zener theory, we predict a {\em helical} magnetic order.
description: submitted to Phys. Rev. B
Untersuchung des Einflusses von Phytochrom und VipA auf lichtabhängige Prozesse in Aspergillus nidulans
Creators: name: Röhrig, Julian Benjamin
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2015
Subjects: Aspergillus nidulans
Phytochrom
VipA
Häm
Porphobilinogen
Aminolävulinsäure
ALAD
Velvet
VeA
LreA
LreB
White Collar
circadiane Rhythmik

description: Der Rotlichtrezeptor Phytochrom (FphA) beeinflusst unterschiedlichste Prozesse in Aspergillus nidulans. Während die Hemmung der Sporenkeimung unter Beleuchtung durch FphA reguliert wird, ist Phytochrom ebenfalls beteiligt an der zyklischen Expression des lichtinduzierten Gens ccgA, sowie des Gens gpdA. VipA, ein Velvet Interaktionspartner reguliert die Lichtantwort in A. nidulans über die Regulation der Hämbiosynthese und somit über die Bilinsynthese.
Charged-Higgs phenomenology in the Aligned two-Higgs-doublet model
Creators: name: Jung, Martin
name: Pich, Antonio
name: Tuzón, Paula
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The alignment in flavour space of the Yukawa matrices of a general two-Higgs-doublet model results in the absence of tree-level flavour-changing neutral currents. In addition to the usual fermion masses and mixings, the aligned Yukawa structure only contains three complex parameters, which are potential new sources of CP violation. For particular values of these three parameters all known specific implementations of the model based on discrete Z_2 symmetries are recovered. One of the most distinctive features of the two-Higgs-doublet model is the presence of a charged scalar. In this work, we discuss its main phenomenological consequences in flavour-changing processes at low energies and derive the corresponding constraints on the parameters of the aligned two-Higgs-doublet model.
description: 46 pages, 19 figures. Version accepted for publication in JHEP. References added. Discussion slightly extended. Conclusions unchanged
Axial anomaly and mixing: from real to highly virtual photons
Creators: name: Klopot, Yaroslav N.
name: Oganesian, Armen G.
name: Teryaev, Oleg V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The relation for transition form factors of eta and eta' mesons is obtained by combining the exact nonperturbative QCD sum rule, following from the dispersive representation of axial anomaly, and quark-hadron duality. It is valid at all virtual photon momenta and allows one to express the transition form factors entirely in terms of meson decay constants. This relation is in a good agreement with experimental data.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures. Minor corrections, references added and updated; to appear in Phys.Rev.D
Exceptionally strong magnetism in 4d perovskites RTcO3 (R=Ca,Sr,Ba)
Creators: name: Franchini, C.
name: Archer, T.
name: He, J.
name: Chen, X. -Q.
name: Filippetti, A.
name: Sanvito, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The evolution of the magnetic ordering temperature of the 4d3 perovskites RTcO3 (R=Ca,Sr,Ba) and its relation with its electronic and structural properties has been studied by means of hybrid density functional theory and Monte Carlo simulations. When compared to the most widely studied 3d perovskites the large spatial extent of the 4d shells and their relatively strong hybridization with oxygen weaken the tendency to form Jahn-Teller like orbital ordering. This strengthens the superexchange interaction. The resulting insulating G-type antiferromagnetic ground state is characterized by large superexchange coupling constants (26-35 meV) and Neel temperatures (750-1200 K). These monotonically increase as a function of the R ionic radius due to the progressive enhancement of the volume and the associated decrease of the cooperative rotation of the TcO6 octahedra.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
The automorphism group of separable states in quantum information theory
Creators: name: Friedland, Shmuel
name: Li, Chi-Kwong
name: Poon, Yiu-Tung
name: Sze, Nung-Sing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 15A04, 15A86, 15A60

description: We show that the linear group of automorphism of Hermitian matrices which preserves the set of separable states is generated by \emph{natural} automorphisms: change of an orthonormal basis in each tensor factor, partial transpose in each tensor factor, and interchanging two tensor factors of the same dimension. We apply our results to preservers of the product numerical range.
description: 15 pages
Human Sciences Research Council Poll: Launching Democracy, Part 1
Creators: name: Provided By The South African Data Archive
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2018

description: Voting in election (2); political parties (9); voting and violence, intimidation (5); neighbors’ political opinions (1); protection against violence (1); reaction of political party supporters to election results (1); groups or people influencing votes (12); not allowing certain political parties to seek support in certain areas (1); unbanning all political parties (1); power of regions vs. central government (3); life after upcoming election (18); party, alliance, or movement best at various tasks (10); meaning of liberation (1); reasons for supporting political party (1); power sharing between parties (2); candidate selection (1); role of Parliament members (1); change in political views (3).
Modifizierung und Immobilisierung von Enzymen zur Herstellung neuartiger katalytischer Plattformen
Creators: name: Bauer, Dennis Martin
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2015
Subjects: DNA-Protein Konjugate
DNA-Origami
rekombinatorisches Klonieren
heterobifunktionelle Crosslinker
DNA vermittelte Immobilisierung

description: In der vorliegenden Arbeit werden neue Konjugationsstrategien präsentiert, welche zur Herstellung von Protein-DNA Konjugaten verwendet werden können. Hierbei liegt der Schwerpunkt einerseits auf Strategien zur Modifizierung der natürlichen Aminosäure Tyrosin und andererseits auf eine lichtinduzierte reaktive Cycloaddition mittels eines sog. "eingesperrten reaktiven Diens". Weiterhin werden effektive Klonierungsmethoden und das Feld der DNA Origami Nanotechnologie vertieft.
Fusing Bio-Inspired Surface Modification with Cycloaddition-Driven Polymer Conjugation
Creators: name: Preuß, Corinna Marina
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2015
Subjects: Polymer Chemsitry
Conjugation
Diels-Alder
Mussel Adhesive
Surface Modification

description: Advanced polymer chemistry and modular orthogonal ligation techniques are merged with the mimicry of the extraordinary adhesion abilities of marine mussels in order to open new perspectives with regard to the development of novel tailored and well-defined surface modifications.
Discrimination of New Physics Models with the International Linear Collider
Creators: name: Asano, Masaki
name: Saito, Tomoyuki
name: Suehara, Taikan
name: Fujii, Keisuke
name: Hundi, R. S.
name: Itoh, Hideo
name: Matsumoto, Shigeki
name: Okada, Nobuchika
name: Takubo, Yosuke
name: Yamamoto, Hitoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The large hadron collider (LHC) is anticipated to provide signals of new physics at the TeV scale, which are likely to involve production of a WIMP dark matter candidate. The international linear collider (ILC) is to sort out these signals and lead us to some viable model of the new physics at the TeV scale. In this article, we discuss how the ILC can discriminate new physics models, taking the following three examples: the inert Higgs model, the supersymmetric model, and the littlest Higgs model with T-parity. These models predict dark matter particles with different spins, 0, 1/2, and 1, respectively, and hence comprise representative scenarios. Specifically, we focus on the pair production process, e+e- -> chi+chi- -> chi0chi0W+W-, where chi0 and chi+- are the WIMP dark matter and a new charged particle predicted in each of these models. We then evaluate how accurately the properties of these new particles can be determined at the ILC and demonstrate that the ILC is capable of identifying the spin of the new charged particle and discriminating these models.
description: 30 pages, 9 figures, submitted to Physical Review D
Cosmic Parallax in Ellipsoidal Universe
Creators: name: Campanelli, L.
name: Cea, P.
name: Fogli, G. L.
name: Tedesco, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The detection of a time variation of the angle between two distant sources would reveal an anisotropic expansion of the Universe. We study this effect of "cosmic parallax" within the "ellipsoidal universe" model, namely a particular homogeneous anisotropic cosmological model of Bianchi type I, whose attractive feature is the potentiality to account for the observed lack of power of the large-scale cosmic microwave background anisotropy. The preferred direction in the sky, singled out by the axis of symmetry inherent to planar symmetry of ellipsoidal universe, could in principle be constrained by future cosmic parallax data. However, that will be a real possibility if and when the experimental accuracy will be enhanced at least by two orders of magnitude.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures, 1 table. Revised version to match published version. References added
Surface Scattering via Bulk Continuum States in the 3D Topological Insulator Bi$_{2}$Se$_{3}$
Creators: name: Kim, Sunghun
name: Ye, M.
name: Kuroda, K.
name: Yamada, Y.
name: Krasovskii, E. E.
name: Chulkov, E. V.
name: Miyamoto, K.
name: Nakatake, M.
name: Okuda, T.
name: Ueda, Y.
name: Shimada, K.
name: Namatame, H.
name: Taniguchi, M.
name: Kimura, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have performed scanning tunneling microscopy and differential tunneling conductance ($dI/dV$) mapping for the surface of the three dimensional topological insulator Bi$_{2}$Se$_{3}$. The fast Fourier transformation applied to the $dI/dV$ image shows an electron interference pattern near Dirac node despite the general belief that the backscattering is well suppressed in the bulk energy gap region. The comparison of the present experimental result with theoretical surface and bulk band structures shows that the electron interference occurs through the scattering between the surface states near the Dirac node and the bulk continuum states.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Large low-frequency resistance noise in chemical vapor deposited graphene
Creators: name: Pal, Atindra Nath
name: Bol, Ageeth A.
name: Ghosh, Arindam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a detailed investigation of resistance noise in single layer graphene films on Si/SiO$_2$ substrates obtained by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) on copper foils. We find that noise in these systems to be rather large, and when expressed in the form of phenomenological Hooge equation, it corresponds to Hooge parameter as large as $0.1 - 0.5$. We also find the variation in the noise magnitude with the gate voltage (or carrier density) and temperature to be surprisingly weak, which is also unlike the behavior of noise in other forms of graphene, in particular those from exfoliation.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
The effects of knowledge translation through peer versus student trainers on exercise self-efficacy and physical activity levels in people with spinal cord injury
Creators: name: Brousseau, Jennifer Megan
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Background: A spinal cord injury (SCI), results in a myriad of serious secondary health complications including cardiovascular disease, obesity, and pressure sores due to immobility. These health conditions could be reduced by improving fitness and mobility by participation in physical activity (PA) and exercise. However the SCI population has been found to have the lowest levels of PA when compared to the general population. The reasons for this have been attributed to the many extrinsic barriers that those living with an SCI face daily, including cost, transportation, and lack of adapted equipment or facilities. In May 2013, the Physical Activity Research Centre (PARC) at ICORD opened its doors in an effort to reduce the extrinsic barriers, however, this did not address the many intrinsic barriers to exercise participation, including lack of motivation, time, and knowledge about where or how to exercise. Previous studies have indicated that the preferred messenger for the delivery of PA knowledge includes peers, and health service providers. Here, our goal was to investigate whether peers can change PA behavior and bring this knowledge to action. Methods: In this pilot randomized controlled trial, ten individuals with a SCI were randomly assigned to meet with a peer or student trainer (control) to discuss the PA guidelines for SCI. After the initial intervention, we investigated the effectiveness of peer trainers, compared to student trainers, to translate the PA guidelines to a SCI participant. We then instructed participants to meet with their peer/student trainer as desired for the remainder of the 3-month study. Exercise self-efficacy and overall PA levels were compared between baseline, week 1 and week 12. During an exit interview we explored the effect on intrinsic barriers to exercise along with participant satisfaction with the study. Results: Overall no statistically significant findings were detected between groups, however nearly all participants scored well on knowledge acquisition and are now meeting the recommended PA guidelines. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that student trainers could be as effective as peer trainers as it relates to overcoming intrinsic barriers and increasing overall PA within the SCI population.
MPEC 2023-H236 : 2023 HO6
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 HO6

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Time-Resolved Spectroscopy of the 3 Brightest and Hardest Short Gamma-Ray Bursts Observed with the FGST Gamma-Ray Burst Monitor
Creators: name: Guiriec, Sylvain
name: Briggs, Michael S.
name: Connaugthon, Valerie
name: Kara, Erin
name: Daigne, Frederic
name: Kouveliotou, Chryssa
name: van der Horst, Alexander J.
name: Paciesas, William
name: Meegan, Charles A.
name: Bhat, P. N.
name: Foley, Suzanne
name: Bissaldi, Elisabetta
name: Burgess, Michael
name: Chaplin, Vandiver
name: Diehl, Roland
name: Fishman, Gerald
name: Gibby, Melissa
name: Giles, Misty
name: Goldstein, Adam
name: Greiner, Jochen
name: Gruber, David
name: von Kienlin, Andreas
name: Kippen, Marc
name: McBreen, Sheila
name: Preece, Robert
name: Rau, Arne
name: Tierney, Dave
name: Wilson-Hodge, Colleen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: From July 2008 to October 2009, the Gamma-ray Burst Monitor (GBM) on board the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope (FGST) has detected 320 Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs). About 20% of these events are classified as short based on their T90 duration below 2 s. We present here for the first time time-resolved spectroscopy at timescales as short as 2 ms for the three brightest short GRBs observed with GBM. The time-integrated spectra of the events deviate from the Band function, indicating the existence of an additional spectral component, which can be fit by a power-law with index ~-1.5. The time-integrated Epeak values exceed 2 MeV for two of the bursts, and are well above the values observed in the brightest long GRBs. Their Epeak values and their low-energy power-law indices (α) confirm that short GRBs are harder than long ones. We find that short GRBs are very similar to long ones, but with light curves contracted in time and with harder spectra stretched towards higher energies. In our time-resolved spectroscopy analysis, we find that the Epeak values range from a few tens of keV up to more than 6 MeV. In general, the hardness evolutions during the bursts follows their flux/intensity variations, similar to long bursts. However, we do not always see the Epeak leading the light-curve rises, and we confirm the zero/short average light-curve spectral lag below 1 MeV, already established for short GRBs. We also find that the time-resolved low-energy power-law indices of the Band function mostly violate the limits imposed by the synchrotron models for both slow and fast electron cooling and may require additional emission processes to explain the data. Finally, we interpreted these observations in the context of the current existing models and emission mechanisms for the prompt emission of GRBs.
description: 14 pages, 10 figures, 9 tables, Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal September, 23 2010 (Submitted May, 16 2010) Corrections: 1 reference updated, figure 10 caption
Quasilinear Evolution of Kinetic Alfven Wave Turbulence and Perpendicular Ion Heating in the Solar Wind
Creators: name: Rudakov, L.
name: Crabtree, C.
name: Ganguli, G.
name: Mithaiwala, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The measured spectrum of kinetic Alfven wave fluctuations in the turbulent solar wind plasma is used to calculate the electron and ion distribution functions resulting from quasi-linear diffusion. The modified ion distribution function is found to be unstable to long wavelength electromagnetic ion cyclotron waves. These waves pitch angle scatter the parallel ion velocity into perpendicular velocity which effectively increases the perpendicular ion temperature.
description: 14 pages, 3 figures
Heterotic Flux Attractors
Creators: name: Anguelova, Lilia
name: Larsen, Finn
name: O'Connell, Ross
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We find attractor equations describing moduli stabilization for heterotic compactifications with generic SU(3)-structure. Complex structure and Kähler moduli are treated on equal footing by using SU(3)xSU(3)-structure at intermediate steps. All independent vacuum data, including VEVs of the stabilized moduli, is encoded in a pair of generating functions that depend on fluxes alone. We work out an explicit example that illustrates our methods.
description: 37 pages, references and clarifications added
INTELLECTUAL SPORT AS A SOCIAL PHENOMENON OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF SOCIETY (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE SPORT OF CHESS)
Creators: name: Smetana, Vladimir
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 130102 Early Childhood Education (excl. Maori)
subject: FOS: Educational sciences
subject: Education
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: The article analyzes the sphere of sports education on the example of the intellectual sport chess as a social phenomenon. Irreversible changes and consistent patterns involving technological progress and digitalization in the development of society and the individual are presented for consideration. Also, the changes in the life of society and the personality of a person in the conditions of social partnership when interacting within the framework of social communications are considered. A project on the territory of the Russian Federation "Chess in schools" and a social partnership between federal and regional public organizations on the one hand and regional authorities on the other hand are proposed for consideration.
White Dwarf Pulsars as Possible Cosmic Ray Electron-Positron Factories
Creators: name: Kashiyama, Kazumi
name: Ioka, Kunihito
name: Kawanaka, Norita
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We suggest that white dwarf (WD) pulsars can compete with neutron star (NS) pulsars for producing the excesses of cosmic ray electrons/positrons observed by the PAMELA, ATIC/PPB-BETS, Fermi and HESS experiments. A merger of two WDs leads to a rapidly spinning WD with a rotational energy comparable to the NS case. The birth rate is also similar, providing the right energy budget for the cosmic ray electrons/positrons. Applying the NS theory, we suggest that the WD pulsars can in principle produce electrons/positrons up to 10 TeV. In contrast to the NS model, the adiabatic and radiative energy losses of electrons/positrons are negligible since their injection continues after the expansion of the pulsar wind nebula, and hence it is enough that a fraction 1% of WDs are magnetized as observed. The long activity also increases the number of nearby sources, which reduces the Poisson fluctuation in the flux. The WD pulsars could dominate the quickly cooling electrons/positrons above TeV energy as a second spectral bump or even surpass the NS pulsars in the observing energy range 10 GeV - 1 TeV, providing a background for the dark matter signals and a nice target for the future AMS-02, CALET and CTA experiment.
description: 20 pages, 7 figures and 1 table
title: Multiscale finite element formulations for 2D/1D problems
Creators: name: Hollaus, Karl
name: Schöbinger, Markus
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biot-Savart field
Eddy currents
Finite element analysis
Insulation
Mathematical models
Direct solver
Iterative solver
Thin iron sheets
2D/1D multiscale finite element method MSFEM
Edge effect

description: Multiscale finite element methods for 2D/1D problems have been studied in this work to demonstrate their excellent ability to solve the eddy current problem in a single iron sheet of electrical machines. We believe that these methods are much more efficient than conventional 3D finite element methods and just as accurate. The 2D/1D multiscale finite element methods are based on a magnetic vector potential or a current vector potential. Known currents for excitation can be replaced by the Biot-Savart-field. Boundary conditions allow to integrate planes of symmetry. All approaches consider eddy currents, an insulation layer and preserve the edge effect. A segment of a fictitious electrical machine has been studied to demonstrate all above options, the accuracy and the low computational costs of the 2D/1D multiscale finite element methods. Numerous simulations are presented. Direct and iterative solvers were investigated to reliably solve the system of equations from 2D/1D MSFEMs.
Higgs Production with a Central Jet Veto at NNLL+NNLO
Creators: name: Berger, Carola F.
name: Marcantonini, Claudio
name: Stewart, Iain W.
name: Tackmann, Frank J.
name: Waalewijn, Wouter J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A major ingredient in Higgs searches at the Tevatron and LHC is the elimination of backgrounds with jets. In current H -> WW -> lnulnu searches, jet algorithms are used to veto central jets to obtain a 0-jet sample, which is then analyzed to discover the Higgs signal. Imposing this tight jet veto induces large double logarithms which significantly modify the Higgs production cross section. These jet-veto logarithms are presently only accounted for at fixed order or with the leading-logarithmic summation from parton-shower Monte Carlos. Here we consider Higgs production with an inclusive event-shape variable for the jet veto, namely beam thrust Tau_cm, which has a close correspondence with a traditional p_T jet veto. Tau_cm allows us to systematically sum the large jet-veto logarithms to higher orders and to provide better estimates for theoretical uncertainties. We present results for the 0-jet Higgs production cross section from gluon fusion at next-to-next-to-leading-logarithmic order (NNLL), fully incorporating fixed-order results at next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO). At this order the scale uncertainty is 15-20%, depending on the cut, implying that a larger scale uncertainty should be used in current Tevatron bounds on the Higgs.
description: 38 pages + appendices, 21 figures, v2: extended discussion section, added figure with individual scale variations, journal version
A ten-dimensional action for non-geometric fluxes
Creators: name: Andriot, David
name: Larfors, Magdalena
name: Lust, Dieter
name: Patalong, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The NSNS Lagrangian of ten-dimensional supergravity is rewritten via a change of field variables inspired by Generalized Complex Geometry. We obtain a new metric and dilaton, together with an antisymmetric bivector field which leads to a ten-dimensional version of the non-geometric Q-flux. Given the involved global aspects of non-geometric situations, we prescribe to use this new Lagrangian, whose associated action is well-defined in some examples investigated here. This allows us to perform a standard dimensional reduction and to recover the usual contribution of the Q-flux to the four-dimensional scalar potential. An extension of this work to include the R-flux is discussed. The paper also contains a brief review on non-geometry.
description: 47 pages; v2: minor modifications, references added, version to be published in JHEP
Toward physical cosmology: focus on inhomogeneous geometry and its non-perturbative effects
Creators: name: Buchert, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We outline the key-steps toward the construction of a physical, fully relativistic cosmology. The influence of inhomogeneities on the effective evolution history of the Universe is encoded in backreaction terms and expressed through spatially averaged geometrical invariants. These are absent and potential candidates for the missing dark sources in the standard model. Since they can be interpreted as energies of an emerging scalar field (the morphon), we are in the position to propose a strategy of how phenomenological scalar field models for Dark Energy, Dark Matter and Inflation, that are usually added as fundamental sources to a homogeneous-geometry (FLRW) cosmology, can be potentially traced back to inhomogeneous geometrical properties of space and its embedding into spacetime. We lay down a line of arguments that is - thus far only qualitatively - conclusive, and we address open problems of quantitative nature, related to the interpretation of observations. We discuss within a covariant framework ... [abridged]
description: 34 pages; invited review for Classical and Quantum Gravity Focus Section "Inhomogeneous Cosmological Models and Averaging in Cosmology", to appear
The High Time Resolution Universe Pulsar Survey I: System configuration and initial discoveries
Creators: name: Keith, M. J.
name: Jameson, A.
name: van Straten, W.
name: Bailes, M.
name: Johnston, S.
name: Kramer, M.
name: Possenti, A.
name: Bates, S. D.
name: Bhat, N. D. R.
name: Burgay, M.
name: Burke-Spolaor, S.
name: D'Amico, N.
name: Levin, L.
name: McMahon, P. L.
name: Milia, S.
name: Stappers, B. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have embarked on a survey for pulsars and fast transients using the 13-beam Multibeam receiver on the Parkes radio telescope. Installation of a digital backend allows us to record 400 MHz of bandwidth for each beam, split into 1024 channels and sampled every 64 us. Limits of the receiver package restrict us to a 340 MHz observing band centred at 1352 MHz. The factor of eight improvement in frequency resolution over previous multibeam surveys allows us to probe deeper into the Galactic plane for short duration signals such as the pulses from millisecond pulsars. We plan to survey the entire southern sky in 42641 pointings, split into low, mid and high Galactic latitude regions, with integration times of 4200, 540 and 270 s respectively. Simulations suggest that we will discover 400 pulsars, of which 75 will be millisecond pulsars. With ~30% of the mid-latitude survey complete, we have re-detected 223 previously known pulsars and discovered 27 pulsars, 5 of which are millisecond pulsars. The newly discovered millisecond pulsars tend to have larger dispersion measures than those discovered in previous surveys, as expected from the improved time and frequency resolution of our instrument.
description: Updated author list. 10 pages, 7 figures. For publication in MNRAS
Effects of heavy modes on vacuum stability in supersymmetric theories
Creators: name: Brizi, Leonardo
name: Scrucca, Claudio A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effects induced by heavy fields on the masses of light fields in supersymmetric theories, under the assumption that the heavy mass scale is much higher than the supersymmetry breaking scale. We show that the square-masses of light scalar fields can get two different types of significant corrections when a heavy multiplet is integrated out. The first is an indirect level-repulsion effect, which may arise from heavy chiral multiplets and is always negative. The second is a direct coupling contribution, which may arise from heavy vector multiplets and can have any sign. We then apply these results to the sGoldstino mass and study the implications for the vacuum metastability condition. We find that the correction from heavy chiral multiplets is always negative and tends to compromise vacuum metastability, whereas the contribution from heavy vector multiplets is always positive and tends on the contrary to reinforce it. These two effects are controlled respectively by Yukawa couplings and gauge charges, which mix one heavy and two light fields respectively in the superpotential and the Kahler potential. Finally we also comment on similar effects induced in soft scalar masses when the heavy multiplets couple both to the visible and the hidden sector.
description: LaTex, 24 pages, no figures; v2 some comments and references added
Scaling configurations of cosmic superstring networks and their cosmological implications
Creators: name: Pourtsidou, Alkistis
name: Avgoustidis, Anastasios
name: Copeland, Edmund J.
name: Pogosian, Levon
name: Steer, Daniele A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the cosmic microwave background temperature and polarisation spectra sourced by multi-tension cosmic superstring networks. First we obtain solutions for the characteristic length scales and velocities associated with the evolution of a network of F-D strings, allowing for the formation of junctions between strings of different tensions. We find two distinct regimes describing the resulting scaling distributions for the relative densities of the different types of strings, depending on the magnitude of the fundamental string coupling g_s. In one of them, corresponding to the value of the coupling being of order unity, the network's stress-energy power spectrum is dominated by populous light F and D strings, while the other regime, at smaller values of g_s, has the spectrum dominated by rare heavy D strings. These regimes are seen in the CMB anisotropies associated with the network. We focus on the dependence of the shape of the B-mode polarisation spectrum on g_s and show that measuring the peak position of the B-mode spectrum can point to a particular value of the string coupling. Finally, we assess how this result, along with pulsar bounds on the production of gravitational waves from strings, can be used to constrain a combination of g_s and the fundamental string tension mu_F. Since CMB and pulsar bounds constrain different combinations of the string tensions and densities, they result in distinct shapes of bounding contours in the (mu_F, g_s) parameter plane, thus providing complementary constraints on the properties of cosmic superstrings.
description: 23 pages, 8 figures, 3 tables; V2: matches published version (PRD)
Could the Coandă effect be called the Young effect? The understanding of fluid dynamics of a legendary polymath
Creators: name: López-Arias, Teresa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A paper of Thomas Young (1773-1829) on the behavior of streams of air makes a good starting point for discussing the not always fair, sometimes serendipitous, association of a physical phenomenon with its discoverer. In a didactic context, the introduction of historic anecdotes and the particular details of a scientific discovery represent an effective tool for establishing interdisciplinary connections that may help in the learning process and may unveil unexpected insights in the disposition of a scientist. We discuss a small part of a famous paper by Young on sound and light. We show that the proverbial intuition of this famous polymath, applied to complex fluid dynamic phenomena, may lead to the discussion of the Coandă effect, the physical origin of lift, and the behavior of streams of air, as well as weave an interesting interplay of several crucial names in the history of aerodynamics.
description: 21 pages, 3 figures, regular paper
Correlated two-photon transport in a one-dimensional waveguide side-coupled to a nonlinear cavity
Creators: name: Liao, Jie-Qiao
name: Law, C. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the transport properties of two photons inside a one-dimensional waveguide side-coupled to a single-mode nonlinear cavity. The cavity is filled with a nonlinear Kerr medium. Based on the Laplace transform method, we present analytic solution of quantum states of the transmitted and reflected two photons, which are initially prepared in a Lorentzian wave packet. The solution reveals how quantum correlation between the two photons emerge after the scattering by the nonlinear cavity. In particular, we show that the output wave function of the two photons in position space can be localized in the relative coordinates, which is a feature that may be interpreted as a two-photon bound state in this waveguide-cavity system.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures
Exotic supersymmetry of the kink-antikink crystal, and the infinite period limit
Creators: name: Plyushchay, Mikhail S.
name: Arancibia, Adrian
name: Nieto, Luis-Miguel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Some time ago, Thies et al. showed that the Gross-Neveu model with a bare mass term possesses a kink-antikink crystalline phase. Corresponding self-consistent solutions, known earlier in polymer physics, are described by a self-isospectral pair of one-gap periodic Lame potentials with a Darboux displacement depending on the bare mass. We study an unusual supersymmetry of such a second order Lame system, and show that the associated first order Bogoliubov-de Gennes Hamiltonian possesses the own nonlinear supersymmetry. The Witten index is ascertained to be zero for both of the related exotic supersymmetric structures, each of which admits several alternatives for the choice of a grading operator. A restoration of the discrete chiral symmetry at zero value of the bare mass, when the kink-antikink crystalline condensate transforms into the kink crystal, is shown to be accompanied by structural changes in both of the supersymmetries. We find that the infinite period limit may or may not change the index. We also explain the origin of the Darboux dressing phenomenon recently observed in a non-periodic self-isospectral one-gap Poschl-Teller system, which describes kink-antikink baryons of Dashen, Hasslacher and Neveu.
description: 34 pages, 3 figures; matches the published version
Everything in moderation : are adolescents' obesity-related health behaviours moderated by parenting styles and family functioning?
Creators: name: Carbert, Nicole S.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: BACKGROUND: The familial environment can influence an adolescent’s risk for obesity. However, we do not fully understand the mechanisms through which parents can influence obesity-related adolescent health behaviours, specifically whether parenting practices (e.g., rules or routines) and/or their own health behaviours are associated with their adolescent’s behaviours. OBJECTIVES: This study examined, in a sample of overweight/obese adolescents, whether parenting practices and/or parental modeling of health behaviours are associated with adolescents’ health behaviours (physical activity (PA), dietary, sedentary and screen behaviours) while considering the moderating effects of parenting styles and family functioning. METHODS: Baseline data from 172 overweight/obese adolescents and one of their parents who enrolled in a lifestyle modification intervention were analyzed [Mean age=13.1 (1.8); Mean BMI z-score=2.70 (0.83)]. Parent-adolescent dyads completed questionnaires about their PA and screen time, wore an accelerometer for 8 days to objectively measure PA and sedentary time, and completed three 24-hr dietary recalls online. Parents completed questionnaires about their family functioning, parenting practices, and styles (authoritative and permissive). Path analysis was used to model interrelationships among the variables. RESULTS: Both parenting practices and modeling of health behaviours were significantly associated with all adolescent obesity-related health behaviours. However, in many instances, these associations were significantly moderated by parenting styles or family functioning. When both parenting practices and modeling of health behaviours were entered in the analyses, both modeling and parenting practices remained significant for objective PA and sedentary time; however parenting practices and modeling were moderated by parenting style for sedentary time (permissive style; p<.05). For accelerometer PA, styles moderated parenting practices (permissive style; p<.05). Finally, for dietary quality, styles moderated parental modeling (authoritative style; p<.05). The parenting style interactions, however, only partially supported the study hypotheses. CONCLUSIONS: This work suggests that parenting practices and parental modeling are important; however, it is necessary to consider the broader emotional/relational context into which these are expressed since parenting style moderated these effects. This study provides insight into how parenting style may alter the effectiveness of parenting practices and parental modeling and highlights the need to account for parenting styles to improve the efficacy of current family-based interventions.
A solvable model of quantum random optimization problems
Creators: name: Foini, Laura
name: Semerjian, Guilhem
name: Zamponi, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the quantum version of a simplified model of optimization problems, where quantum fluctuations are introduced by a transverse field acting on the qubits. We find a complex low-energy spectrum of the quantum Hamiltonian, characterized by an abrupt condensation transition and a continuum of level crossings as a function of the transverse field. We expect this complex structure to have deep consequences on the behavior of quantum algorithms attempting to find solutions to these problems.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, accepted version
A High Current, High Frequency Modular Multiphase Multilevel Converter for Power Hardware-in-the-Loop Emulation
Creators: name: Schmitt, Alexander
name: Gommeringer, Mario
name: Kolb, Johannes
name: Braun, Michael
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2014

description: This paper presents a simple Modular Multiphase Multilevel Converter (MMPMC) especially for the usage in Power Hardware-in-the-Loop Emulation systems. Standard half-bridges connected to flux compensated chokes are used to build up an inductive voltage divider to form the multilevel voltage waveform. A modulator with a sorting algorithm is employed to calculate the switching signals of the particular branches. The selection of the switching states is depending on the instantaneous branch currents to ensure a symmetrical distribution of the load current to the branches. A modular and scalable converter system has been engineered, which allows the generation of a six level voltage waveform with a PWM-frequency up to 100 kHz. The prototype is controlled by a specifically designed high-performance signal processing system and offers an output current of more than 100 A. Measurements were performed to evaluate the proper functionality of the converter.