cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Selective Histone Deacetylase 6 Inhibitors Restore Cone Photoreceptor Vision or Outer Segment Morphology in Zebrafish and Mouse Models of Retinal Blindness
Creators: name: Sundaramurthi, Husvinee
name: Roche, Sarah L.
name: Grice, Guinevere L.
name: Moran, Ailis
name: Dillion, Eugene T.
name: Campiani, Giuseppe
name: Nathan, James A.
name: Kennedy, Breandán N.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Cell and Developmental Biology
HDAC6 inhibitors
tubastatin A
retinal degenerations
Hif-1α
proteome profiling

description: Blindness arising from retinal or macular degeneration results in significant social, health and economic burden. While approved treatments exist for neovascular (‘wet’) age-related macular degeneration, new therapeutic targets/interventions are needed for the more prevalent atrophic (‘dry’) form of age-related macular degeneration. Similarly, in inherited retinal diseases, most patients have no access to an effective treatment. Although macular and retinal degenerations are genetically and clinically distinct, common pathological hallmarks can include photoreceptor degeneration, retinal pigment epithelium atrophy, oxidative stress, hypoxia and defective autophagy. Here, we evaluated the potential of selective histone deacetylase 6 inhibitors to preserve retinal morphology or restore vision in zebrafish atp6v0e1–/– and mouse rd10 models. Histone deacetylase 6 inhibitor, tubastatin A-treated atp6v0e1–/– zebrafish show marked improvement in photoreceptor outer segment area (44.7%, p = 0.027) and significant improvement in vision (8-fold, p ≤ 0.0001). Tubastatin A-treated rd10/rd10 retinal explants show a significantly (p = 0.016) increased number of outer-segment labeled cone photoreceptors. In vitro, ATP6V0E1 regulated HIF-1α activity, but significant regulation of HIF-1α by histone deacetylase 6 inhibition in the retina was not detected. Proteomic profiling identified ubiquitin-proteasome, phototransduction, metabolism and phagosome as pathways, whose altered expression correlated with histone deacetylase 6 inhibitor mediated restoration of vision.
Milestone 1: Recommendation of the vocabulary for standardized description of types of social science data objects
Creators: name: Morkevičius, Vaidas
name: Blažinskas, Andrius
name: Štreimikis, Antanas
name: Žvaliauskas, Giedrius
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Metadata
Metadata standards
Resource Type
Controlled vocabulary
Social science data objects

description: Recommendation of the vocabulary for standardized description of types of social science data objects.
A new parallel solver suited for arbitrary semilinear parabolic partial differential equations based on generalized random trees
Creators: name: Acebron, Juan A.
name: Rodriguez-Rozas, Angel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A probabilistic representation for initial value semilinear parabolic problems based on generalized random trees has been derived. Two different strategies have been proposed, both requiring generating suitable random trees combined with a Pade approximant for approximating accurately a given divergent series. Such series are obtained by summing the partial contribution to the solution coming from trees with arbitrary number of branches. The new representation greatly expands the class of problems amenable to be solved probabilistically, and was used successfully to develop a generalized probabilistic domain decomposition method. Such a method has been shown to be suited for massively parallel computers, enjoying full scalability and fault tolerance. Finally, a few numerical examples are given to illustrate the remarkable performance of the algorithm, comparing the results with those obtained with a classical method.
Some extremely amenable groups
Creators: name: Giordano, Thierry
name: Pestov, Vladimir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 43A07; 37A15; 46L10

description: A topological group $G$ is extremely amenable if every continuous action of $G$ on a compact space has a fixed point. Using the concentration of measure techniques developed by Gromov and Milman, we prove that the group of automorphisms of a Lebesgue space with a non-atomic measure is extremely amenable with the weak topology but not with the uniform one. Strengthening a de la Harpe's result, we show that a von Neumann algebra is approximately finite-dimensional if and only if its unitary group with the strong topology is the product of an extremely amenable group with a compact group.
description: 7 pages, English with abridged French version
Determinants of households' food diversity demand in Uganda
Creators: name: Tankari, Mahamadou Roufahi
name: Badiane, Ousmane
name: Tankari, Mahamadou Roufahi
name: Badiane, Ousmane
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Consumer demand
subject: food diversity
subject: determinants of variety
subject: Uganda

description: Given that a diversified food contributes to the individuals' health reinforcement, this analysis has tried to identify the households' food diversity demand determinants in Uganda by using a latent class model. Its implementation reveals several important results. Beyond the traditional determinant (income), on the one hand, one can note that the characteristics of the household influence the food diversity demand with a variable intensity according to the class considered. On the other hand, it appears that the structure of the household is a significant factor determining the food diversity demand. Besides, there is also an area of residence impact on food diversity demand. Consequently, the consideration of this heterogeneity of the population in the formulation of nutritional policies is necessary in order to make those more efficient by targeting households, empowering women, facilitation access to markets or encouraging a diversified agricultural production.
Is the tetraneutron a bound dineutron-dineutron molecule?
Creators: name: Bertulani, C. A.
name: Zelevinsky, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In light of a new experiment which claims a positive identification, we discuss the possible existence of the tetraneutron. We explore a novel model based on a dineutron-dineutron molecule. We show that this model is not able to explain the tetraneutron as a bound state, in agreement with other theoretical models already discussed in the literature.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures, J. Phys. G, in press
Domination and location in twin-free digraphs
Creators: name: Foucaud, Florent
name: Heydarshahi, Shahrzad
name: Parreau, Aline
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A dominating set $D$ in a digraph is a set of vertices such that every vertex is either in $D$ or has an in-neighbour in $D$. A dominating set $D$ of a digraph is locating-dominating if every vertex not in $D$ has a unique set of in-neighbours within $D$. The location-domination number $γ_L(G)$ of a digraph $G$ is the smallest size of a locating-dominating set of $G$. We investigate upper bounds on $γ_L(G)$ in terms of the order of $G$. We characterize those digraphs with location-domination number equal to the order or the order minus one. Such digraphs always have many twins: vertices with the same (open or closed) in-neighbourhoods. Thus, we investigate the value of $γ_L(G)$ in the absence of twins and give a general method for constructing small locating-dominating sets by the means of special dominating sets. In this way, we show that for every twin-free digraph $G$ of order $n$, $γ_L(G)\leq\frac{4n}{5}$ holds, and there exist twin-free digraphs $G$ with $γ_L(G)=\frac{2(n-2)}{3}$. If moreover $G$ is a tournament or is acyclic, the bound is improved to $γ_L(G)\leq\lceil\frac{n}{2}\rceil$, which is tight in both cases.
Insights Into Magma Chamber Processes From the Relationship Between Fabric and Grain Shape in Troctolitic Cumulates
Creators: name: Holness, Marian B.
name: Morris, Charlotte
name: Vukmanovic, Zoja
name: Morgan, Dan J.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Earth Science
fabric
cumulate
grain shape
Skaergaard intrusion
Rum (NW Scotland)

description: The strength of foliations defined by shape preferred orientation of plagioclase in troctolitic cumulates from the Layered Series of the Skaergaard intrusion, and the Rum Eastern Layered Intrusion, increases as the grains become more tabular, due either to the greater propensity of highly non-equant grains to be re-arranged by magmatic currents or tectonic disruption of poorly consolidated mush, or by the effects of a pre-existing shape preferred orientation on final grain shape in fully solidified rocks. The stratigraphic evolution of grain shape, microstructures and fabrics in the lowest 320 m of the Skaergaard Layered Series records the progressive inflation of the chamber to its final size. During the earliest stages of solidification, the extent of in situ nucleation and growth on the chamber floor decreased upward through the stratigraphy, due to the development of a thermally insulating blanket of mush on the floor. An upward increase in foliation strength as the chamber inflated to its final size was a result of the increasing strength of convection of the bulk magma and an increasing contribution to the floor mush of crystals derived from the walls of the enlarging magma chamber. Plagioclase in the troctolites in the open-system magma chamber of the Rum Eastern Layered Intrusion is generally more equant than that in the Skaergaard intrusion, perhaps related to the slower crystal growth on the margins of the continuously replenished Rum chamber. Significant sub-solidus modification of original igneous microstructures is observed in Rum troctolites from parts of the stratigraphy recording frequent replenishment events.
Coloring the rational quantum sphere and the Kochen-Specker theorem
Creators: name: Havlicek, Hans
name: Krenn, Guenther
name: Summhammer, Johann
name: Svozil, Karl
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review and extend recent findings of Godsil and Zaks, who published a constructive coloring of the rational unit sphere with the property that for any orthogonal tripod formed by rays extending from the origin of the points of the sphere, exactly one ray is red, white and black. They also showed that any consistent coloring of the real sphere requires an additional color. We discuss some of the consequences for the Kochen-Specker theorem.
description: 9 pages, 1 figure
Latitudinal Biogeographic Structuring in the Globally Distributed Moss Ceratodon purpureus
Creators: name: Biersma, Elisabeth M.
name: Convey, Peter
name: Wyber, Rhys
name: Robinson, Sharon A.
name: Dowton, Mark
name: Van De Vijver, Bart
name: Linse, Katrin
name: Griffiths, Howard
name: Jackson, Jennifer A.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Plant Science
phylogeography
model organism
moss
spore
wind
bryophyte
global
Antarctica

description: Biogeographic patterns of globally widespread species are expected to reflect regional structure, as well as connectivity caused by occasional long-distance dispersal. We assessed the level and drivers of population structure, connectivity, and timescales of population isolation in one of the most widespread and ruderal plants in the world — the common moss Ceratodon purpureus. We applied phylogenetic, population genetic, and molecular dating analyses to a global (n = 147) sampling data set, using three chloroplast loci and one nuclear locus. The plastid data revealed several distinct and geographically structured lineages, with connectivity patterns associated with worldwide, latitudinal “bands.” These imply that connectivity is strongly influenced by global atmospheric circulation patterns, with dispersal and establishment beyond these latitudinal bands less common. Biogeographic patterns were less clear within the nuclear marker, with gene duplication likely hindering the detection of these. Divergence time analyses indicated that the current matrilineal population structure in C. purpureus has developed over the past six million years, with lineages diverging during the late Miocene, Pliocene, and Quaternary. Several colonization events in the Antarctic were apparent, as well as one old and distinct Antarctic clade, possibly isolated on the continent since the Pliocene. As C. purpureus is considered a model organism, the matrilineal biogeographic structure identified here provides a useful framework for future genetic and developmental studies on bryophytes. Our general findings may also be relevant to understanding global environmental influences on the biogeography of other organisms with microscopic propagules (e.g., spores) dispersed by wind.
Sangeeta quadriloba C.A.Viraktamath 2011, sp. nov.
Creators: name: C. A. Viraktamath
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Cicadellidae
Sangeeta
Sangeeta quadriloba

description: Sangeeta quadriloba sp. nov.
Figs 544–552, 576, 590, 605.
 Color. Ochraceous with brown and dark brown markings on head and thorax as shown in figs 544–546.
 Morphology. Inner anteapical cell open posteriorly.
 Male genitalia. Pygofer lobe with straight caudodorsal margin and convex caudal margin, caudodorsal angle conically rounded with short, stout setae. Subgenital plates with two stout large setae followed by number of short setae. Aedeagus as in S. sarawakensis but with two lobe-like projections laterally, preatrium well developed, dorsal apodeme well developed. Anal collar simple with caudal sclerotized projection short, rather lobe-like.
 Measurements. Male 5.4 mm long and 1.7 mm wide across eyes.
 Material examined. INDONESIA: HOLOTYPE ♂, Sumatra: Port de Kock, 920 m, Jan. 1921, E. Jacobson (NMNL).
 Remarks. S. quadriloba resembles S. sarawakensis but differs in having a four lobed aedeagal shaft compared to a simple aedeagal shaft in S. sarawakensis.
description: Published as part of C. A. Viraktamath, 2011, Revision of the Oriental and Australian Agalliini (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Megophthalminae) 2844, pp. 1-118 in Zootaxa 2844 on page 109
A Survey of FUSE and HST Sightlines through High-Velocity Cloud Complex C
Creators: name: Collins, J. A.
name: Shull, J. M.
name: Giroux, M. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using archival Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer (FUSE) and Hubble Space Telescope (HST) data, we have assembled a survey of eight sightlines through high-velocity cloud Complex C. Abundances of the observed ion species vary significantly for these sightlines, indicating that Complex C is not well characterized by a single metallicity. Reliable metallicities based on [OI/HI] range from 0.1-0.25 solar. Metallicities based on [SII/HI] range from 0.1-0.6 solar, but the trend of decreasing abundance with HI column density indicates that photoionization corrections may affect the conversion to [S/H]. We present models of the dependence of the ionization correction on HI column density; these ionization corrections are significant when converting ion abundances to elemental abundances for S, Si, and Fe. The measured abundances in this survey indicate that parts of the cloud have a higher metallicity than previously thought and that Complex C may represent a mixture of ``Galactic fountain'' gas with infalling low-metallicity gas. We find that [S/O] and [Si/O] have a solar ratio, suggesting little dust depletion. Further, the measured abundances suggest an over-abundance of O, S, and Si relative to N and Fe. The enhancement of these alpha-elements suggests that the bulk of the metals in Complex C were produced by Type II supernovae and then removed from the star-forming region, possibly via supernovae-driven winds or tidal stripping, before the ISM could be enriched by N and Fe.
description: 50 pages, 17 figures. Accepted to ApJ. Previous version was the first submitted manuscript
Optical scheme for cryptographic commitments with physical unclonable keys
Creators: name: Nikolopoulos, Georgios M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We investigate the possibility of using multiple-scattering optical media, as resources of randomness in cryptographic tasks pertaining to commitments and auctions. The proposed commitment protocol exploits standard wavefront-shaping and heterodyne-detection techniques, and can be implemented with current technology. Its security is discussed in the framework of a tamper-resistant trusted setup.
description: \copyright 2019 Optical Society of America. Users may use, reuse, and build upon the article, or use the article for text or data mining, so long as such uses are for non-commercial purposes and appropriate attribution is maintained. All other rights are reserved
India nudges to contain COVID-19 pandemic: A reactive public policy analysis using machine-learning based topic modelling
Creators: name: Debnath, Ramit
name: Bardhan, Ronita
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Research Article
subject: Medicine and health sciences
subject: Social sciences
subject: FOS: Social sciences
subject: People and places
subject: Engineering and technology
subject: FOS: Engineering and technology
subject: Biology and life sciences

description: India locked down 1.3 billion people on March 25, 2020, in the wake of COVID-19 pandemic. The economic cost of it was estimated at USD 98 billion, while the social costs are still unknown. This study investigated how government formed reactive policies to fight coronavirus across its policy sectors. Primary data was collected from the Press Information Bureau (PIB) in the form press releases of government plans, policies, programme initiatives and achievements. A text corpus of 260,852 words was created from 396 documents from the PIB. An unsupervised machine-based topic modelling using Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) algorithm was performed on the text corpus. It was done to extract high probability topics in the policy sectors. The interpretation of the extracted topics was made through a nudge theoretic lens to derive the critical policy heuristics of the government. Results showed that most interventions were targeted to generate endogenous nudge by using external triggers. Notably, the nudges from the Prime Minister of India was critical in creating herd effect on lockdown and social distancing norms across the nation. A similar effect was also observed around the public health (e.g., masks in public spaces; Yoga and Ayurveda for immunity), transport (e.g., old trains converted to isolation wards), micro, small and medium enterprises (e.g., rapid production of PPE and masks), science and technology sector (e.g., diagnostic kits, robots and nano-technology), home affairs (e.g., surveillance and lockdown), urban (e.g. drones, GIS-tools) and education (e.g., online learning). A conclusion was drawn on leveraging these heuristics are crucial for lockdown easement planning.
Rigorous Bounds to Retarded Learning
Creators: name: Buhot, Arnaud
name: Gordon, Mirta B.
name: Nadal, Jean-Pierre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the lower bound to the critical fraction of data needed to infer (learn) the orientation of the anisotropy axis of a probability distribution, determined by Herschkowitz and Opper [Phys.Rev.Lett. 86, 2174 (2001)], is not always valid. If there is some structure in the data along the anisotropy axis, their analysis is incorrect, and learning is possible with much less data points.
description: 1 page, 1 figure. Comment accepted for publication in Physical Review Letters
Meson-Nucleon Scattering Amplitudes from Lattice QCD
Creators: name: Bulava, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Lattice QCD calculations of resonant meson-meson scattering amplitudes have improved significantly due to algorithmic and computational advances. However, progress in meson-nucleon scattering has been slower due to difficulties in computing the necessary correlation functions, the exponential signal-to-noise problem, and the finite-volume treatment of scattering with fermions. Nonetheless, first benchmark calculations have now been performed. The status of lattice QCD calculations of meson-nucleon scattering amplitudes is reviewed together with comments on future prospects.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures. Proceeding from a plenary talk at MENU 2019
Estimating the risk of species interaction loss in mutualistic communities
Creators: name: Simmons, Benno I.
name: Wauchope, Hannah S.
name: Amano, Tatsuya
name: Dicks, Lynn V.
name: Sutherland, William J.
name: Dakos, Vasilis
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Research Article
subject: Biology and life sciences
subject: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Ecology and environmental sciences

description: Funder: Royal Commission for the Exhibition of 1851 (GB)
description: Funder: Cambridge Trust
description: Funder: Cambridge Depatment of Zoology
description: Funder: Grantham Foundation for the Protection of the Environment; funder-id: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100008118
description: Funder: Kenneth Miller Trust
description: Funder: Arcadia
description: Interactions between species generate the functions on which ecosystems and humans depend. However, we lack an understanding of the risk that interaction loss poses to ecological communities. Here, we quantify the risk of interaction loss for 4,330 species interactions from 41 empirical pollination and seed dispersal networks across 6 continents. We estimate risk as a function of interaction vulnerability to extinction (likelihood of loss) and contribution to network feasibility, a measure of how much an interaction helps a community tolerate environmental perturbations. Remarkably, we find that more vulnerable interactions have higher contributions to network feasibility. Furthermore, interactions tend to have more similar vulnerability and contribution to feasibility across networks than expected by chance, suggesting that vulnerability and feasibility contribution may be intrinsic properties of interactions, rather than only a function of ecological context. These results may provide a starting point for prioritising interactions for conservation in species interaction networks in the future.
Church Index: the design of a database to act as a finding guide to Church of England churches in the archdeaconry of Loughborough, using FileMaker Pro
Creators: name: Howden, Sarah L.
Publisher: name: Loughborough University
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Church Index: the design of a database to act as a finding guide to Church of England churches in the archdeaconry of Loughborough, using FileMaker Pro
Implementation of a complex intervention to improve care for patients whose situations are clinically uncertain in hospital settings: A multi-method study using normalisation process theory
Creators: name: Johnson, Halle
name: Yorganci, Emel
name: Evans, Catherine J.
name: Barclay, Stephen
name: Murtagh, Fliss E. M.
name: Yi, Deokhee
name: Gao, Wei
name: Sampson, Elizabeth L.
name: Droney, Joanne
name: Farquhar, Morag
name: Koffman, Jonathan
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Research Article
subject: People and places
subject: Medicine and health sciences
subject: Biology and life sciences
subject: Social sciences
subject: FOS: Social sciences

description: Purpose: To examine the use of Normalisation Process Theory (NPT) to establish if, and in what ways, the AMBER care bundle can be successfully normalised into acute hospital practice, and to identify necessary modifications to optimise its implementation. Method: Multi-method process evaluation embedded within a mixed-method feasibility cluster randomised controlled trial in two district general hospitals in England. Data were collected using (i) focus groups with health professionals (HPs), (ii) semi-structured interviews with patients and/or carers, (iii) non-participant observations of multi-disciplinary team meetings and (iv) patient clinical note review. Thematic analysis and descriptive statistics, with interpretation guided by NPT components (coherence; cognitive participation; collective action; reflexive monitoring). Data triangulated across sources. Results: Two focus groups (26 HPs), nine non-participant observations, 12 interviews (two patients, 10 relatives), 29 clinical note reviews were conducted. While coherence was evident, with HPs recognising the value of the AMBER care bundle, cognitive participation and collective action presented challenges. Specifically: (1) HPs were unable and unwilling to operationalise the concept of ‘risk of dying’ intervention eligibility criteria (2) integration relied on a ‘champion’ to drive participation and ensure sustainability; and (3) differing skills and confidence led to variable engagement with difficult conversations with patients and families about, for example, nearness to end of life. Opportunities for reflexive monitoring were not routinely embedded within the intervention. Reflections on the use of the AMBER care bundle from HPs and patients and families, including recommended modifications became evident through this NPT-driven analysis. Conclusion: To be successfully normalised, new clinical practices, such as the AMBER care bundle, must be studied within the wider context in which they operate. NPT can be used to the aid identification of practical strategies to assist in normalisation of complex interventions where the focus of care is on clinical uncertainty in acute hospital settings.
Thermodynamic Properties of Weakly Anisotropic Disordered Magnetic Chains in the Large-S Limit
Creators: name: Avgin, I.
name: Huber, D. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: we investigate the thermodynamic properties of weakly anisotropic disordered magnetic chains where the nearest-neighbor Heisenberg exchange coupling is the dominant spin-spin interaction. In addition to the exchange interaction, there is single-ion anisotropy with the direction of the easy axis being the same for all spins. The analysis is carried out in the limit S >> 1, where S denotes the ionic spin, and in the temperature range T << JaveS, where Jave is the average magnitude of the exchange interaction. It is assumed that the independent boson picture is appropriate so that the thermodynamic properties of the chain are those of a gas of weakly interacting magnons whose frequencies are obtained from linearized equations of motion for the spins. The =+/-J model is studied in detail with both random and non-random anisotropy. Particular emphasis is placed on the existence
description: 15 pages, pdf format
Ageing compromises mouse thymus function and remodels epithelial cell differentiation
Creators: name: Baran-Gale, Jeanette
name: Morgan, Michael D
name: Maio, Stefano
name: Dhalla, Fatima
name: Calvo-Asensio, Irene
name: Deadman, Mary E
name: Handel, Adam E
name: Maynard, Ashley
name: Chen, Steven
name: Green, Foad
name: Sit, Rene V
name: Neff, Norma F
name: Darmanis, Spyros
name: Tan, Weilun
name: May, Andy P
name: Marioni, John C
name: Ponting, Chris P
name: Holländer, Georg A
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Research Article
Immunology and Inflammation
ageing
Thymus
developmental dynamics
single-cell
t cell selection
Mouse

description: Funder: Chan Zuckerberg Biohub
description: Funder: National Institute for Health Research; FundRef: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000272
description: Ageing is characterised by cellular senescence, leading to imbalanced tissue maintenance, cell death and compromised organ function. This is first observed in the thymus, the primary lymphoid organ that generates and selects T cells. However, the molecular and cellular mechanisms underpinning these ageing processes remain unclear. Here, we show that mouse ageing leads to less efficient T cell selection, decreased self-antigen representation and increased T cell receptor repertoire diversity. Using a combination of single-cell RNA-seq and lineage-tracing, we find that progenitor cells are the principal targets of ageing, whereas the function of individual mature thymic epithelial cells is compromised only modestly. Specifically, an early-life precursor cell population, retained in the mouse cortex postnatally, is virtually extinguished at puberty. Concomitantly, a medullary precursor cell quiesces, thereby impairing maintenance of the medullary epithelium. Thus, ageing disrupts thymic progenitor differentiation and impairs the core immunological functions of the thymus.
Sangeeta sadongensis C.A.Viraktamath 2011, sp. nov.
Creators: name: C. A. Viraktamath
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Cicadellidae
Sangeeta
Sangeeta sadongensis

description: Sangeeta sadongensis sp. nov.
Figs 553–557.
 Color. Ochraceous. Median small and two lateral subglobose spots on vertex, two larger spots on inner margin of pronotal depressions on either side of median line, often joined anteriorly, black. Ocelli marked with dark brown. Face dorsad of ridge, central stripe on frontoclypeus and scutellum, bright lemon yellow. Scutellum with basal angles black, two spots in middle and median impressed line pale brown.
 Morphology. Ocelli closer to each other than to adjacent eye. Pronotal disc with fine punctuations.
 Male genitalia. Male genital capsule partially retracted into eighth abdominal segment. Pygofer caudally rounded. Subgenital plates fused basally, each with three stout and two slender setae. Aedeagus with shaft of uniform width in cephalic view, tubular, in lateral aspect appears apically depressed; gonopore apical. Anal collar process simple, caudally obliquely truncate.
 Measurements. Male 4.4–4.5 mm long, 1.3 mm wide across eyes.
 Material examined. EAST MALAYSIA (N.Borneo): Sarawak: HOLOTYPE ♂, Sadong, Kampong Taputh, 300–450 m, 4–9.vii.1958, T.C. Maa (BPBM). PARATYPE: 1 ♂, same data as holotype (BPBM).
 Remarks. S. sadongensis closely resembles S. sarawakensis sp. nov. as discussed under the latter species.
description: Published as part of C. A. Viraktamath, 2011, Revision of the Oriental and Australian Agalliini (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Megophthalminae) 2844, pp. 1-118 in Zootaxa 2844 on pages 109-111
Thermally-induced nonlinear spatial shaping of infrared femtosecond pulses in nematic liquid crystals
Creators: name: Maria, di Pietro Vittorio
name: Aurelie, Jullien
name: Umberto, Bortolozzo
name: Nicolas, Forget
name: Stefania, Residori
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An optically-induced thermal non-linear effect in a nematic liquid-crystal (E7) cell is evidenced through weak light-absorption by the ITO coating of an infrared pulsed femtosecond laser (m). Strong spatial self-phase modulation is generated, thus a multiple-ring pattern is observed in the far-field. The sign of the nonlinearity is changed depending on the laser polarization. The refractive index and thermal gradients are measured as a function of the laser intensity and we observe that the temperature can increase close to the nematic phase transition. The fidelity and stability of the process open new prospects for spatial shaping devices and delimits the operating wavelength range for ultrafast liquid-crystal based electro-optic application.
Shape coexistence in N=14 isotones: 19B, 24Ne and 28Si
Creators: name: Kanada-En'yo, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Shape coexistence problems in N=14 isotones are studied with a microscopic method of antisymmetrized molecular dynamics. The present calculations reproduce features of deformation in 28Si, and predict possible shape coexistence of neutron density in neutron-rich nuclei(19B and 24Ne). We also systematically study the structures of the ground and excited states, and the molecular resonances of 28Si. Besides the shape coexistence in the low-energy region, the results indicate the high-lying levels with $α$-cluster and 12C+16O molecular structures in 28Si, which are consistent with the observed spin-assigned resonances. The resonance states above the threshold energies are connected with the low-lying deformed states from a view point of molecular excitation by discussing inter-cluster wave functions.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, Proceedings of "Frontiers of Collective Motions (CM2002)" Nov. 6-9, 2002, Aizu-Wakamatsu, Japan
Harnessing Bioremediation: A Transformative Pathway Toward Sustainable Textile Dye Pollution Control
Creators: name: Desai, Megha
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 410303
subject: Bioremediation

description: Imagine a river once teeming with life, now stained crimson by the outflow of a nearby textile factory. For communities in regions like Bangladesh or India, where textile production fuels economies, this is not a metaphor but a daily reality. Synthetic dyes, used to color fabrics, often escape treatment processes and seep into waterways, poisoning ecosystems and jeopardizing human health. The urgency for sustainable solutions has never been greater. The textile industry, a cornerstone of global economic growth, is also one of the most polluting sectors, with its environmental impact extending far beyond the vibrant fabrics it produces. At the heart of this issue lies the extensive use of synthetic dyes, which are integral to the industry but pose a significant threat to ecosystems and human health. Each year, millions of tons of dye-laden wastewater are discharged into water bodies, often untreated or inadequately treated, leading to severe environmental degradation(Slama et al., 2021). Synthetic dyes, such as azo, anthraquinone, and triphenylmethane compounds, are favored for their stability, vibrant colors, and resistance to fading. However, these very properties make them persistent pollutants, resistant to natural degradation, and capable of lingering in the environment for decades. Moreover, many dyes break down into toxic intermediates, such as aromatic amines, which are carcinogenic and mutagenic, posing risks to human health through bioaccumulation in the food chain.
A Survey on Blockchain in E-Government Services: Status and Challenges
Creators: name: Mansour, Manal
name: Salama, May
name: Helmi, Hala
name: Mursi, Mona
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Blockchain technology is referred to as a very secure decentralized, distributed ledger that records the history of any digital asset. It is being used in numerous governmental and private sector organizations across numerous nations. Surveying the current state of blockchain applications and difficulties in e-government services is the goal of this review. Held to the account are use cases for current facilities that use blockchain. Finally, it examines the research gap in blockchain deployment and makes suggestions for future work for additional research.
The biosynthetic pathway to tetromadurin (SF2487/A80577), a polyether tetronate antibiotic
Creators: name: Little, Rory F.
name: Samborskyy, Markiyan
name: Leadlay, Peter F.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Research Article
subject: Biology and life sciences
subject: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Engineering and technology
subject: FOS: Engineering and technology
subject: Research and analysis methods
subject: Medicine and health sciences

description: Funder: Woolf Fisher Trust
description: Funder: Cambridge Commonwealth, European and International Trust; funder-id: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100003343
description: The type I polyketide SF2487/A80577 (herein referred to as tetromadurin) is a polyether tetronate ionophore antibiotic produced by the terrestrial Gram-positive bacterium Actinomadura verrucosospora. Tetromadurin is closely related to the polyether tetronates tetronasin (M139603) and tetronomycin, all of which are characterised by containing a tetronate, cyclohexane, tetrahydropyran, and at least one tetrahydrofuran ring. We have sequenced the genome of Actinomadura verrucosospora to identify the biosynthetic gene cluster responsible for tetromadurin biosynthesis (the mad gene cluster). Based on bioinformatic analysis of the 32 genes present within the cluster a plausible biosynthetic pathway for tetromadurin biosynthesis is proposed. Functional confirmation of the mad gene cluster is obtained by performing in-frame deletions in each of the genes mad10 and mad31, which encode putative cyclase enzymes responsible for cyclohexane and tetrahydropyran formation, respectively. Furthermore, the A. verrucosospora Δmad10 mutant produces a novel tetromadurin metabolite that according to mass spectrometry analysis is analogous to the recently characterised partially cyclised tetronasin intermediate lacking its cyclohexane and tetrahydropyran rings. Our results therefore elucidate the biosynthetic machinery of tetromadurin biosynthesis and lend support for a conserved mechanism of cyclohexane and tetrahydropyran biosynthesis across polyether tetronates.
High energy photon flux prediction from neutralino annihilation in the globular cluster Palomar 13
Creators: name: Giraud, E.
name: Meylan, G.
name: Sapinski, M.
name: Falvard, A.
name: Jacholkowska, A.
name: Jedamzik, K.
name: Lavalle, J.
name: Nuss, E.
name: Moultaka, G.
name: Piron, F.
name: Salati, P.
name: Taillet, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The distant globular cluster Palomar 13 has been found to have a very high mass-to-light ratio and its profile can be well fitted either by a King model with a tail, or with a NFW model. This cluster may be the first case of the many clumps predicted by CDM simulations that would not be disrupted by the galactic halo potential. We make the hypothesis that Pal 13 is made of neutralinos and run the DarkSuspect code to estimate the high-energy photon flux due to the annihilation of neutralinos through various channels in some benchmark scenarios. These low fluxes may be used as targets to be reached in proposals for future ground-based high altitude Cerenkov telescopes.
description: A 2-page poster to be published in ``Astronomy, Cosmology and Fundamental Physics'', the proceedings of the ESO-CERN-ESA Symposium, eds. P. A. Shaver, L. Di Lella, and A. Gimenez
Galaxy Power Spectrum Multipoles Covariance in Perturbation Theory
Creators: name: Wadekar, Digvijay
name: Scoccimarro, Roman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the covariance of the galaxy power spectrum multipoles in perturbation theory, including the effects of nonlinear evolution, nonlinear and nonlocal bias, radial redshift-space distortions, arbitrary survey window and shot noise. We rewrite the power spectrum FKP estimator in terms of the usual windowed galaxy fluctuations and the fluctuations in the number of galaxies inside the survey volume. We show that this leads to a stronger super-sample covariance than assumed in the literature and causes a substantial leakage of Gaussian information. We decompose the covariance matrix into several contributions that provide an insight into its behavior for different biased tracers. We show that for realistic surveys, the covariance of power spectrum multipoles is already dominated by shot noise and super survey mode coupling in the weakly non-linear regime. Both these effects can be accurately modeled analytically, making a perturbative treatment of the covariance very compelling. Our method allows for the covariance to be varied as a function of cosmology and bias parameters very efficiently, with survey geometry entering as fixed kernels that can be computed separately using fast fourier transforms (FFTs). We find excellent agreement between our analytic covariance and that estimated from BOSS DR12 Patchy mock catalogs in the whole range we tested, up to $k=0.6$ h/Mpc. This bodes well for application to future surveys such as DESI and Euclid. The CovaPT code that accompanies this paper is available at https://github.com/JayWadekar/CovaPT
description: 28 pages + appendices; 14 figures. Version appearing in PRD. The busy reader can focus on the sections: 5C, 6 and 7 which contain the main results. CovaPT code is available at https://github.com/JayWadekar/CovaPT
Genomics, Computational Biology and Drug Discovery for Mycobacterial Infections: Fighting the Emergence of Resistance
Creators: name: Munir, Asma
name: Vedithi, Sundeep Chaitanya
name: Chaplin, Amanda K.
name: Blundell, Tom L.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: emergence of resistance
subject: tuberculosis
subject: leprosy
subject: prediction of mutations
subject: antimycobacterials

description: Tuberculosis (TB) and leprosy are mycobacterial infections caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium leprae respectively. These diseases continue to be endemic in developing countries where the cost of new medicines presents major challenges. The situation is further exacerbated by the emergence of resistance to many front-line antibiotics. A priority now is to design new antimycobacterials that are not only effective in combatting the diseases but are also less likely to give rise to resistance. In both these respects understanding the structure of drug targets in M. tuberculosis and M. leprae is crucial. In this review we describe structure-guided approaches to understanding the impacts of mutations that give rise to antimycobacterial resistance and the use of this information in the design of new medicines.
Sangeeta sarawakensis C.A.Viraktamath 2011, sp. nov.
Creators: name: C. A. Viraktamath
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Cicadellidae
Sangeeta
Sangeeta sarawakensis

description: Sangeeta sarawakensis sp. nov.
Figs 558–561.
 Color. Brown. Median stripe and two lateral subglobse spots on vertex, apical half of clypellus, two spots on anterior depressions of pronotum, two triangular spots at basal angles of scutellum, black. Submarginal stripe on clypellus, submarginal band on posterior half of pronotum, median semicircular spot and area around median line, fuscous. Forewing veins yellowish brown.
 Morphology. Clypellus obovate; frontoclypeus overhanging clypellus, one pit on either side of transclypeal suture. Ocelli closer to each other than to adjacent eye.
 Male genitalia. Pygofer rounded caudally. Subgenital plates elongate, fused basally with three elongate, three short, stout setae. Aedeagal shaft tubular near base, laterally expanded near apex with sloping angular shoulders, gonopore subapical. Anal collar process simple, with caudal margin concave.
 Measurements. Male 4.9 mm long, 1.5 mm wide across eyes.
 Material examined. EAST MALAYSIA: (Borneo): Sarawak: HOLOTYPE ♂, Merirai Valley, 1–6.viii.1958, T.C. Maa (BPBM).
 Remarks. S. sarawakensis is similar to S. sadongenesis but is longer and darker in color. The submarginal fuscous band on the posterior half of the pronotum, black triangular spots at the basal angles of the scutellum and the structure of aedeagus distinguish this species.
description: Published as part of C. A. Viraktamath, 2011, Revision of the Oriental and Australian Agalliini (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Megophthalminae) 2844, pp. 1-118 in Zootaxa 2844 on pages 114-115
Improving consistency in midwifery-led postpartum patient education on the day-of-discharge: A quality improvement project
Creators: name: Belton, Hannah
Publisher: name: Oregon Health and Science University
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Postpartum Period
subject: Patient-Centered Care
subject: Patient Education as Topic
subject: Pacific Northwest
subject: Postparum
subject: Patient education
subject: Equity
subject: Maternal morbidity and mortality

description: The postpartum period is known to be a vulnerable time and patients are at elevated risk for maternal morbidity and mortality. Education on maternal warning signs and effective postpartum care is essential for reducing these rates by improving patient awareness and access to timely medical intervention. A faculty midwifery practice at a Pacific Northwest academic hospital recognized a gap in consistent postpartum patient education delivered by certified nurse-midwives. This project aimed to improve the consistency and quality of postpartum discharge education by introducing a patient education handout.
Failure time and critical behaviour of fracture precursors in heterogeneous materials
Creators: name: Guarino, A.
name: Ciliberto, S.
name: Garcimartin, A.
name: Zei, M.
name: Scorretti, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The acoustic emission of fracture precursors, and the failure time of samples of heterogeneous materials (wood, fiberglass) are studied as a function of the load features and geometry. It is shown that in these materials the failure time is predicted with a good accuracy by a model of microcrack nucleation proposed by Pomeau. We find that the time interval $% δt$ between events (precursors) and the energy $\varepsilon$ are power law distributed and that the exponents of these power laws depend on the load history and on the material. In contrast, the cumulated acoustic energy $E$ presents a critical divergency near the breaking time $τ$ which is $% E\sim \left( \frac{τ-t}τ\right) ^{-γ}$. The positive exponent $% γ$ is independent, within error bars, on all the experimental parameters.
description: to be published on European Physical Journal
Electronic Supplementary Material from Challenges in control of COVID-19: short doubling time and long delay to effect of interventions
Creators: name: Pellis, Lorenzo
name: Scarabel, Francesca
name: Stage, Helena B.
name: Overton, Christopher E.
name: Chappell, Lauren H. K.
name: Fearon, Elizabeth
name: Bennett, Emma
name: University Of Manchester COVID-19 Modelling Group
name: Lythgoe, Katrina A.
name: House, Thomas A.
name: Hall, Ian
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Health Care
subject: Diseases
subject: 111706 Epidemiology
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Materials and Methods; Figs. S1 to S4; Table S1