cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Mass Deformed Exact S-parameter in Conformal Theories
Creators: name: Sannino, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the exact expression for the S parameter in the perturbative region of the conformal window to establish its dependence on the explicit introduction of fermion masses. We demonstrate that the relative ordering with which one sends to zero either the fermion mass or the external momentum leads to drastically different limiting values of S. Our results apply to any fermion matter representation and can be used as benchmark for the determination of certain relevant properties of the conformal window of any generic vector like gauge theory with fermionic matter. We finally suggest the existence of a universal lower bound on the opportunely normalized S parameter and explore its theoretical and phenomenological implications. Our exact results constitute an ideal framework to correctly interpret the lattice studies of the conformal window of strongly interacting theories.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures. 2columns
Remarks on the Solution of the Position Dependent Mass (PDM) Schrödinger Equation
Creators: name: Koc, Ramazan
name: Sayin, Seda
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An approximate method is proposed to solve position dependent mass Schrödinger equation. The procedure suggested here leads to the solution of the PDM Schrödinger equation without transforming the potential function to the mass space or vice verse. The method based on asymptotic Taylor expansion of the function, produces an approximate analytical expression for eigenfunction and numerical results for eigenvalues of the PDM Schrödinger equation. The results show that PDM and constant mass Schrödinger equations are not isospectral. The calculations are carried out with the aid of a computer system of symbolic or numerical calculation by constructing a simple algorithm.
Recovery of surface reflectance spectra and evaluation of the optical depth of aerosols in the near-IR using a Monte-Carlo approach: Application to the OMEGA observations of high latitude regions of Mars
Creators: name: Vincendon, Mathieu
name: Langevin, Yves
name: Poulet, François
name: Bibring, Jean-Pierre
name: Gondet, Brigitte
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a model of radiative transfer through atmospheric particles based on Monte Carlo methods. This model can be used to analyze and remove the contribution of aerosols in remote sensing observations. We have developed a method to quantify the contribution of atmospheric dust in near-IR spectra of the Martian surface obtained by the OMEGA imaging spectrometer on board Mars Express. Using observations in the nadir pointing mode with significant differences in solar incidence angles, we can infer the optical depth of atmospheric dust, and we can retrieve the surface reflectance spectra free of aerosol contribution. Martian airborne dust properties are discussed and constrained from previous studies and OMEGA data. We have tested our method on a region at 90°E and 77°N extensively covered by OMEGA, where significant variations of the albedo of ice patches in the visible have been reported. The consistency between reflectance spectra of ice-covered and ice-free regions recovered at different incidence angles validates our approach. The optical depth of aerosols varies by a factor 3 in this region during the summer of Martian year 27. The observed brightening of ice patches does not result from frost deposition but from a decrease in the dust contamination of surface ice and (to a lower extent) from a decrease in the optical thickness of atmospheric dust. Our Monte Carlo-based model can be applied to recover the spectral reflectance characteristics of the surface from OMEGA spectral imaging data when the optical thickness of aerosols can be evaluated. It could prove useful for processing image cubes from the Compact Reconnaissance Imaging Spectrometer for Mars (CRISM) on board the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO).
ACCELERATING DRUG DISCOVERY AND DEVELOPMENT USING ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND PHYSICAL MODELS
Creators: name: Wijewardhane, Godakande Kankanamge P
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2023
Subjects: Computational chemistry
Machine learning not elsewhere classified
Deep learning
Medicinal and biomolecular chemistry not elsewhere classified
Theoretical and computational chemistry not elsewhere classified
Biologically active molecules
Biomolecular modelling and design
Molecular medicine

description: Drug discovery and development has experienced a tremendous growth in the recent years, and methods to accelerate the process are necessary as the demand for effective drugs to treat a wide range of diseases continue to increase. Nevertheless, the majority of conventional techniques are labor-intensive or have relatively low yields. As a result, academia and the pharmaceutical industry are continuously seeking for rapid and efficient methods to accelerate the drug discovery pipeline. Therefore, in order to expedite the drug discovery process, recent developments in physical and artificial intelligence models have been utilized extensively. However, the overarching problem is how to use these cutting-edge advancements in artificial intelligence to enhance drug discovery? Therefore, this dissertation work focused on developing and applying artificial intelligence and physical models to accelerate the drug discovery pipeline at different stages. As the first study reported in the dissertation, the potential to apply graph neural network-based machine learning architectures with the assistance of molecular modeling features to identify plausible drug leads out of structurally similar chemical databases is assessed. Then, the capability of applying molecular modeling methods including molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations to identify prospective targets and biological pathways for small molecular drugs is discussed and evaluated in the following chapter. Further, the capability of applying state-of-the-art deep learning architectures such as multi-layer perceptron and recurrent neural networks to optimize the formulation development stage has been assessed. Moreover, this dissertation has contributed to assist functionality identification of unknown compounds using simple machine learning based computational frameworks. The developed omics data analysis pipeline is then discussed in order to comprehend the effects of a particular treatment on the proteome and lipidome levels of cells. In conclusion, the potential for developing and utilizing various artificial intelligence-based approaches to accelerate the drug discovery and development process is explored in this research. Thus, these collaborative studies intend to contribute to ongoing acceleration efforts and advancements in the drug discovery and development field.
Microscopic Study of Electronic and Magnetic Properties for Ir Oxide
Creators: name: Shirakawa, Tomonori
name: Watanabe, Hiroshi
name: Yunoki, Seiji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The exact diagonalization and the variational cluster approximation (VCA) are used to study the nature of a novel Mott insulator induced by a strong spin-orbit coupling for a two-dimensional three-band Hubbard model consisting of the $t_{2g}$ manifold of $5d$ orbitals. To characterize the ground state, we introduce a local Kramer's doublet which can represent a state with effective angular momentum $J_{\rm eff}=|{\bm S}-{\bm L}|=1/2$ as well as spin $S=1/2$. Our systematic study of the pseudo-spin structure factor defined by the Kramer's doublet shows that the $J_{\rm eff}=1/2$ Mott insulator is smoothly connected to the $S=1/2$ Mott insulator. Using the Kramer's doublet as a variational state for the VCA, we examine the one-particle excitations for the Mott insulating phase. These results are compared with recent experiments on Sr$_2$IrO$_4$.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Dynamic analysis of the FFTT system
Creators: name: Fairhurst, Michael
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: The advantages of using timber as the primary construction material in mid- and high-rise buildings are undisputed. Timber is sustainable, renewable, and has a very good strength-to-weight ratio, which makes it an efficient building material. However, perceived shortcomings with respect to its ductility and system level behavior; along with lack of appropriate design guidance currently limits the use of timber in taller structures. Overcoming these obstacles will allow timber, and its wood product derivatives, to further expand into the multi-storey construction sector - most likely in hybrid-type structures. The “Finding the Forest Through the Trees” (FFTT) system is an innovative timber-steel hybrid system that may allow high-rise timber construction, even in highly seismic regions. The FFTT system utilizes engineered timber products to resist gravity and lateral loads with interconnecting steel members to provide the necessary ductility and predictability for seismic demands. For a novel hybrid system, such as the FFTT, to gain recognition, experimental data must be gathered and supported by computational modeling and analysis in order to prove its component- and system-level performance. This thesis presents research utilizing nonlinear dynamic analysis of finite element (FE) models of the FFTT system, with properties calibrated to physical component tests, to capture the response under significant wind and seismic loads. From the results presented herein, it appears that the FFTT system can meet the design performance requirements required for seismic loading; however, due to its relatively low weight, may be susceptible to wind induced vibrations. All results are based on Vancouver, BC loading as specified by 2010 the National Building Code of Canada.
The LABOCA survey of the Extended Chandra Deep Field South - radio and mid-infrared counterparts to submillimetre galaxies
Creators: name: Biggs, A. D.
name: Ivison, R. J.
name: Ibar, E.
name: Wardlow, J. L.
name: Dannerbauer, H.
name: Smail, Ian
name: Walter, F.
name: Weiss, A.
name: Chapman, S. C.
name: Coppin, K. E. K.
name: De Breuck, C.
name: Dickinson, M.
name: Knudsen, K. K.
name: Mainieri, V.
name: Menten, K.
name: Papovich, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present radio and infrared (3.6-24um) counterparts to submillimetre galaxies (SMGs) detected in the Extended Chandra Deep Field South with the LABOCA 870-um bolometer camera on the 12-m Atacama Pathfinder Experiment. Using the Very Large Array at 1.4GHz and Spitzer we have identified secure counterparts to 79 of the 126 SMGs (SNR>3.7, S_870>4.4mJy) in the field, 62 via their radio and/or 24-um emission, the remainder using a colour-flux cut on IRAC 3.6- and 5.8-um sources chosen to maximise the number of secure, coincident radio and 24-um counterparts. In constructing our radio catalogue, we have corrected for the effects of `flux boosting', then used the corrected flux densities to estimate the redshifts of the SMGs based on the radio/submm spectral indices. The effect of the boosting correction is to increase the median redshift by 0.2 resulting in a value of z=2.2 (+0.7-0.8) (1-sigma errors) for the secure radio counterparts, in agreement with other studies, both spectroscopic and photometric.
description: 25 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Bernhard H. Bonkhoff, Historische Orgeln im Saarland, mit Aufnahmen von Richard Menzel (Veröffentlichung der Gesellschaft der Orgelfreunde, 271), Verlag Schnell & Steiner, Regensburg 2015, 319 S., durchgehend farbig bebildert
Creators: name: Zimmermann, Markus
Publisher: name: Musik in Bayern
Year: 2018

description: Musik in Bayern, Band 79/80 (Jahrgang 2014/2015), München 2016
Johann Melchior Gletle (1626–1683), 36 Motetten op. 5. Expeditionis Musicae Classis IV (Augsburg 1677), Musica Fiorita. Leitung: Daniela Dolci, Pan Classics PC 10337 (4 CDs)
Creators: name: Scheinhammer-Schmid, Ulrich
Publisher: name: Musik in Bayern
Year: 2018

description: Musik in Bayern, Band 79/80 (Jahrgang 2014/2015), München 2016
title: Portable gas chromatography-mass spectrometry in drug checking: Detection of carfentanil and etizolam in expected opioid samples
Creators: name: Gozdzialski, Lea
name: Aasen, Jarred
name: Larnder, Ashley
name: Ramsay, Margo
name: Borden, Scott A.
name: Saatchi, Armin
name: Gill, Chris G.
name: Wallace, Bruce
name: Hore, Dennis K.
Publisher: name: Elsevier
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Fentanyl
subject: Opioids--Sampling
subject: Mass spectrometry
subject: Benzodiazepines
subject: Gas chromatography
subject: Etizolam
subject: Carfentanil

description: Background: There has been a recent increase in adulteration of opioids with low concentration actives such as fentanyl analogues and benzodiazepines. As drug checking projects using vibrational spectroscopy continue to seek confirmatory lab-based testing, the concern and reality of missing these potentially harmful substances in point-of-care testing is prevalent. Methods: A portable GC-MS was used to analyze select opioid samples acquired at a drug checking service in Victoria, Canada (n = 59). Certified reference standards of several fentanyl analogues and benzodiazepines were measured to guide targeted analysis of these samples. Results were compared with those obtained using a lab- based paper spray mass spectrometer. Results: Portable GC-MS was able to identify 62% of samples containing carfentanil and 36% of samples containing etizolam. In the case of etizolam, the success rate was higher for more potent samples: 78% of etizolam-containing samples were identified when the etizolam concentration was above 3% by weight. In comparison, infrared spectroscopy was able to detect etizolam in only 9% of the etizolam-containing samples, and is not sensitive enough to detect carfentanil at relevant concentrations. Conclusions: Portable GC-MS has potential in identifying low concentration substances in a point-of-care setting, without relying on subsequent off-site confirmatory testing.
title: Richthofen, Manfred, Freiherr von
title: Richthofen, Manfred, Freiherr von
Creators: name: Rennie, Robert
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Richthofen, Manfred, Freiherr von, 1892-1918

description: One of the most famous fighter pilots of the First World War, Manfred von Richthofen was credited with the destruction of eighty aircraft, the most of any aviator of the war, and earned the nickname “The Red Baron” for his brightly colored aircraft.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
Measuring Lensing Magnification of Quasars by Large Scale Structure using the Variability-Luminosity Relation
Creators: name: Bauer, Anne H.
name: Seitz, Stella
name: Jerke, Jonathan
name: Scalzo, Richard
name: Rabinowitz, David
name: Ellman, Nancy
name: Baltay, Charles
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a technique to measure gravitational lensing magnification using the variability of type I quasars. Quasars' variability amplitudes and luminosities are tightly correlated, on average. Magnification due to gravitational lensing increases the quasars' apparent luminosity, while leaving the variability amplitude unchanged. Therefore, the mean magnification of an ensemble of quasars can be measured through the mean shift in the variability-luminosity relation. As a proof of principle, we use this technique to measure the magnification of quasars spectroscopically identified in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, due to gravitational lensing by galaxy clusters in the SDSS MaxBCG catalog. The Palomar-QUEST Variability Survey, reduced using the DeepSky pipeline, provides variability data for the sources. We measure the average quasar magnification as a function of scaled distance (r/R200) from the nearest cluster; our measurements are consistent with expectations assuming NFW cluster profiles, particularly after accounting for the known uncertainty in the clusters' centers. Variability-based lensing measurements are a valuable complement to shape-based techniques because their systematic errors are very different, and also because the variability measurements are amenable to photometric errors of a few percent and to depths seen in current wide-field surveys. Given the data volume expected from current and upcoming surveys, this new technique has the potential to be competitive with weak lensing shear measurements of large scale structure.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ
Alternative replica molding methods for polymer based microfluidic channels
Creators: name: Coquinco, Bernard
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: Microfluidics provides an opportunity to create low cost devices that can potentially contain many elements of a diagnostics lab on a single chip. While the cost of the finished product may be low, a common method of fabricating microfluidic devices such as soft lithography can be expensive to prototype due to the use of photolithography equipment meant for the semiconductor industry. In addition, the majority of microfluidic research has been done using rectangular channels but in some cases the ability to make circular cross-section channel microfluidic devices would be very useful. For areas such as modelling cardiovascular flows, investigating micro flow cytometry and inertial particle focusing, the ability to create circular channels could provide improvement over the use of rectangular channels. To address these issues, an ultra low cost method of making silicon molds patterned with SU-8 has been developed as well as a method to create circular microfluidic channels via hot embossing and double casting techniques in both thermoplastic materials and PDMS. This hot embossing based method to create round channels allows for the rapid creation of straight and curving round channels in PMMA and other plastics as well as a method to create PDMS round channels using soft lithography.
Igusa class polynomials, embeddings of quartic CM fields, and arithmetic intersection theory
Creators: name: Grundman, Helen
name: Johnson-Leung, Jennifer
name: Lauter, Kristin
name: Salerno, Adriana
name: Viray, Bianca
name: Wittenborn, Erika
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11G15, 14G40, 11G20, 14K15, 14K22

description: Bruinier and Yang conjectured a formula for an intersection number on the arithmetic Hilbert modular surface, CM(K).T_m, where CM(K) is the zero-cycle of points corresponding to abelian surfaces with CM by a primitive quartic CM field K, and T_m is the Hirzebruch-Zagier divisors parameterizing products of elliptic curves with an m-isogeny between them. In this paper, we examine fields not covered by Yang's proof of the conjecture. We give numerical evidence to support the conjecture and point to some interesting anomalies. We compare the conjecture to both the denominators of Igusa class polynomials and the number of solutions to the embedding problem stated by Goren and Lauter.
description: 27 pages, 1 table, 1 appendix with Magma code. To appear in Fields Communications Volume WIN - Women In Numbers, Proceedings of the WIN Workshop, Banff International Research Station, Banff, Canada
A Two-populations Ising model on diluted Random Graphs
Creators: name: Agliari, Elena
name: Burioni, Raffaella
name: Sgrignoli, Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the Ising model for two interacting groups of spins embedded in an Erdös-Rényi random graph. The critical properties of the system are investigated by means of extensive Monte Carlo simulations. Our results evidence the existence of a phase transition at a value of the inter-groups interaction coupling $J_{12}^C$ which depends algebraically on the dilution of the graph and on the relative width of the two populations, as explained by means of scaling arguments. We also measure the critical exponents, which are consistent with those of the Curie-Weiss model, hence suggesting a wide robustness of the universality class.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures
On the Interaction between a Protoplanetary Disk and a Planet in an Eccentric Orbit: Application of Dynamical Friction
Creators: name: Muto, Takayuki
name: Takeuchi, Taku
name: Ida, Shigeru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new analytic approach to the disk-planet interaction that is especially useful for planets with eccentricity larger than the disk aspect ratio. We make use of the dynamical friction formula to calculate the force exerted on the planet by the disk, and the force is averaged over the period of the planet. The resulting migration and eccentricity damping timescale agrees very well with the previous works in which the planet eccentricity is moderately larger than the disk aspect ratio. The advantage of this approach is that it is possible to apply this formulation to arbitrary large eccentricity. We have found that the timescale of the orbital evolution depends largely on the adopted disk model in the case of highly eccentric planets. We discuss the possible implication of our results to the theory of planet formation.
description: 27 pages, 11 figures, 2 tables, ApJ accepted
Herschel-PACS spectroscopy of the intermediate mass protostar NGC7129 FIRS 2
Creators: name: Fich, M.
name: Johnstone, D.
name: van Kempen, T. A.
name: McCoey, C.
name: Fuente, A.
name: Caselli, P.
name: Kristensen, L. E.
name: Plume, R.
name: Cernicharo, J.
name: Herczeg, G. J.
name: van Dishoeck, E. F.
name: Wampfler, S.
name: Gaufre, P.
name: Gill, J. J.
name: Javadi, H.
name: Justen, M.
name: Laauwen, W.
name: Luinge, W.
name: Ossenkopf, V.
name: Pearson, J.
name: Bachiller, R.
name: Baudry, A.
name: Benedettini, M.
name: Bergin, E.
name: Benz, A. O.
name: Bjerkeli, P.
name: Blake, G.
name: Bontemps, S.
name: Braine, J.
name: Bruderer, S.
name: Codella, C.
name: Daniel, F.
name: di Giorgio, A. M.
name: Dominik, C.
name: Doty, S. D.
name: Encrenaz, P.
name: Giannini, T.
name: Goicoechea, J. R.
name: de Graauw, Th.
name: Helmich, F.
name: Herpin, F.
name: Hogerheijde, M. R.
name: Jacq, T.
name: Jorgensen, J. K.
name: Larsson, B.
name: Lis, D.
name: Liseau, R.
name: Marseille, M.
name: Melnick, G.
name: Nisini, B.
name: Olberg, M.
name: Parise, B.
name: Risacher, C.
name: Santiago, J.
name: Saraceno, P.
name: Shipman, R.
name: Tafalla, M.
name: van der Tak, F.
name: Visser, R.
name: Wyrowski, F.
name: Yildiz, U. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aims: We present preliminary results of the first Herschel spectroscopic observations of NGC7129 FIRS2, an intermediate mass star-forming region. We attempt to interpret the observations in the framework of an in-falling spherical envelope. Methods: The PACS instrument was used in line spectroscopy mode (R=1000-5000) with 15 spectral bands between 63 and 185 microns. This provided good detections of 26 spectral lines seen in emission, including lines of H2O, CO, OH, O I, and C II. Results: Most of the detected lines, particularly those of H2O and CO, are substantially stronger than predicted by the spherical envelope models, typically by several orders of magnitude. In this paper we focus on what can be learned from the detected CO emission lines. Conclusions: It is unlikely that the much stronger than expected line emission arises in the (spherical) envelope of the YSO. The region hot enough to produce such high excitation lines within such an envelope is too small to produce the amount of emission observed. Virtually all of this high excitation emission must arise in structures such as as along the walls of the outflow cavity with the emission produced by a combination of UV photon heating and/or non-dissociative shocks.
description: A&A Special Issue on Herschel
Direction-dependent Optical Modes in Nanoscale Silicon Waveguides
Creators: name: Robinson, Jacob T.
name: Lipson, Michal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: On-chip photonic networks have the potential to transmit and route information more efficiently than electronic circuits. Recently, a number of silicon-based optical devices including modulators, buffers, and wavelength converts have been reported. However, a number of technical challenges need to be overcome before these devices can be combined into network-level architectures. In particular, due to the high refractive index contrast between the core and cladding of semiconductor waveguides, nanoscale defects along the waveguide often scatter light into the backward-propagating mode. These reflections could result in unwanted feedback to optical sources or crosstalk in bidirectional interconnects such as those employed in fiber-optic networks. It is often assumed that these reflected waves spatially overlap the forward-propagating waves making it difficult to implement optical circulators or isolators which separate or attenuate light based on its propagation direction. Here, we individually identify and map the near-field mode profiles of forward-propagating and reflected light in a single-mode silicon waveguide using Transmission-based near-field scanning optical microscopy (TraNSOM). We show that unlike fiber-optic waveguides, the high-index-contrast and nanoscale dimensions of semiconductor waveguides create counter propagating waves with distinct spatial near-field profiles. These near-field differences are a previously-unobserved consequence of nanoscale light confinement and could provide a basis for novel elements to filter forward-propagating from reflected light.
The ACS Fornax Cluster Survey. IV. Deprojection of the Surface Brightness Profiles of Early-Type Galaxies in the Virgo and Fornax Clusters: Investigating the "Core/Power-Law Dichotomy"
Creators: name: Glass, Lisa
name: Ferrarese, Laura
name: Cote, Patrick
name: Jordan, Andres
name: Peng, Eric
name: Blakeslee, John P.
name: Chen, Chin-Wei
name: Infante, Leopoldo
name: Mei, Simona
name: Tonry, John L.
name: West, Michael J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Although early observations with the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) pointed to a sharp dichotomy among early-type galaxies in terms of the logarithmic slope gamma' of their central surface brightness profiles, several studies in the past few years have called this finding into question. In particular, recent imaging surveys of 143 early-type galaxies belonging to the Virgo and Fornax Clusters using the Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS) on board HST have not found a dichotomy in gamma', but instead a systematic progression from central luminosity deficit to excess relative to the inward extrapolation of the best-fitting global Sersic model. Given that earlier studies also found that the dichotomy persisted when analyzing the deprojected density profile slopes, we investigate the distribution of the three-dimensional luminosity density profiles of the ACS Virgo and Fornax Cluster Survey galaxies. Having fitted the surface brightness profiles with modified Sersic models, we then deproject the galaxies using an Abel integral and measure the inner slopes gamma_3D of the resulting luminosity density profiles at various fractions of the effective radius R_e. We find no evidence of a dichotomy, but rather, a continuous variation in the central luminosity profiles as a function of galaxy magnitude. We introduce a parameter, Delta_3D, that measures the central deviation of the deprojected luminosity profiles from the global Sersic fit, showing that this parameter varies smoothly and systematically along the luminosity function.
description: 38 pages, 13 figures. Accepted for publication in ApJ
Random-time processes governed by differential equations of fractional distributed order
Creators: name: Beghin, Luisa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60K05, 33E12, 26A33

description: We analyze here different types of fractional differential equations, under the assumption that their fractional order $ν\in (0,1] $ is random\ with probability density $n(ν).$ We start by considering the fractional extension of the recursive equation governing the homogeneous Poisson process $N(t),t>0.$\ We prove that, for a particular (discrete) choice of $n(ν)$, it leads to a process with random time, defined as $N(% \widetilde{\mathcal{T}}_{ν_{1,}ν_{2}}(t)),t>0.$ The distribution of the random time argument $\widetilde{\mathcal{T}}_{ν_{1,}ν_{2}}(t)$ can be expressed, for any fixed $t$, in terms of convolutions of stable-laws. The new process $N(\widetilde{\mathcal{T}}_{ν_{1,}ν_{2}})$ is itself a renewal and can be shown to be a Cox process. Moreover we prove that the survival probability of $N(\widetilde{\mathcal{T}}_{ν_{1,}ν_{2}})$, as well as its probability generating function, are solution to the so-called fractional relaxation equation of distributed order (see \cite{Vib}%). In view of the previous results it is natural to consider diffusion-type fractional equations of distributed order. We present here an approach to their solutions in terms of composition of the Brownian motion $B(t),t>0$ with the random time $\widetilde{\mathcal{T}}_{ν_{1,}ν_{2}}$. We thus provide an alternative to the constructions presented in Mainardi and Pagnini \cite{mapagn} and in Chechkin et al. \cite{che1}, at least in the double-order case.
description: 26 pages
title: Reshid, Mehmed
title: Reshid, Mehmed
Creators: name: Kieser, Hans-Lukas
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Mehmed Reşid

description: A founder of the Committee of Union and Progress, Dr Reshid excelled during World War I as a proactive governor of Diyarbekir. He was responsible for exterminating most Christians, including Assyrians. Although a typical top official under Interior Minister Mehmed Talat, he did not, in contrast to others, succeed at transitioning to the Kemalist single-party regime.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
Supplementary document for The Dispersion Mapping of Whispering Gallery Mode Robust Polariton at Room-tempearture - 4699277.pdf
Creators: name: Chen, Zhiyang
name: Zheng, Huying
name: Zhu, Hai
name: Huang, Ying
name: Tang, Ziying
name: Wang, Yaqi
name: Wei, Haiyuan
name: Wang, Xianghu
name: Shen, Yan
name: Gui, Xuchun
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2020
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supplemental
title: Said Nursi
title: Said Nursi
Creators: name: Özer, Abdürrahim
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Nursi, Said
subject: Nursi, Said, 1873-1960

description: Said Nursi was a prominent Kurdish intellectual. He fervently supported constitutionalism and sought to improve the Kurds’ condition during the late Ottoman Empire. After World War I and the consequent fall of the Ottoman Empire, Nursi founded the “''Nurcu''” (“Followers of the Divine Light”) movement and sought to revive Islamic thought in a secular state.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
Reversible structural changes in the influenza hemagglutinin precursor at membrane fusion pH.
Creators: name: Garcia-Moro, Eva
name: Zhang, Jie
name: Calder, Lesley J
name: Brown, Nick R
name: Gamblin, Steven J
name: Skehel, John J
name: Rosenthal, Peter B
Publisher: name: The Francis Crick Institute
Year: 2022
Subjects: classificationCode: Model organisms
subject: Model organisms
classificationCode: Imaging
subject: Imaging
classificationCode: Structural Biology & Biophysics
subject: Structural Biology & Biophysics
classificationCode: Cell Biology
subject: Cell Biology
classificationCode: Cell Cycle & Chromosomes
subject: Cell Cycle & Chromosomes
classificationCode: Infectious Disease
subject: Infectious Disease
classificationCode: Metabolism
subject: Metabolism

description: The subunits of the influenza hemagglutinin (HA) trimer are synthesized as single-chain precursors (HA0s) that are proteolytically cleaved into the disulfide-linked polypeptides HA1 and HA2. Cleavage is required for activation of membrane fusion at low pH, which occurs at the beginning of infection following transfer of cell-surface-bound viruses into endosomes. Activation results in extensive changes in the conformation of cleaved HA. To establish the overall contribution of cleavage to the mechanism of HA-mediated membrane fusion, we used cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM) to directly image HA0 at neutral and low pH. We found extensive pH-induced structural changes, some of which were similar to those described for intermediates in the refolding of cleaved HA at low pH. They involve a partial extension of the long central coiled coil formed by melting of the preexisting secondary structure, threading it between the membrane-distal domains, and subsequent refolding as extended helices. The fusion peptide, covalently linked at its N terminus, adopts an amphipathic helical conformation over part of its length and is repositioned and packed against a complementary surface groove of conserved residues. Furthermore, and in contrast to cleaved HA, the changes in HA0 structure at low pH are reversible on reincubation at neutral pH. We discuss the implications of covalently restricted HA0 refolding for the cleaved HA conformational changes that mediate membrane fusion and for the action of antiviral drug candidates and cross-reactive anti-HA antibodies that can block influenza infectivity.
CoRoT\,102699796, the first metal-poor Herbig Ae pulsator: a hybrid $δ$ Sct-$γ$ Dor variable?
Creators: name: Ripepi, V.
name: Cusano, F.
name: Di Criscienzo, M.
name: Catanzaro, G.
name: Palla, F.
name: Marconi, M.
name: Ventura, P.
name: Neiner, C.
name: Catala, C.
name: Bernabei, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the analysis of the time series observations of CoRoT\,102699796 obtained by the CoRoT satellite that show the presence of five independent oscillation frequencies in the range 3.6-5 c/d. Using spectra acquired with FLAMES@VLT, we derive the following stellar parameters: spectral type F1V, T$_{\rm eff}$=7000$\pm$200 K, log(g)=$3.8\pm0.4$, [M/H]=$-1.1\pm0.2$, $v$sin$i$=$50\pm5$ km/s, L/L$_{\odot}$=21$^{+21}_{-11}$. Thus, for the first time we report the existence of a metal poor, intermediate-mass PMS pulsating star. Ground-based and satellite data are used to derive the spectral energy distribution of CoRoT\,102699796 extending from the optical to mid-infrared wavelengths. The SED shows a significant IR excess at wavelengths greater than $\sim5 μ$. We conclude that CoRoT\,102699796 is a young Herbig Ae (F1Ve) star with a transitional disk, likely associated to the HII region [FT96]213.1-2.2. The pulsation frequencies have been interpreted in the light of the non-radial pulsation theory, using the LOSC code in conjunction with static and rotational evolutionary tracks. A minimization algorithm was used to find the best-fit model with M=1.84 M$_{\odot}$, T$_{\rm eff}$=6900 K which imply an isochronal age of t$\sim$2.5 Myr. This result is based on the interpretation of the detected frequencies as $g$-modes of low-moderate $n$-value. To our knowledge, this is the first time that such modes are identified in a intermediate-mass PMS pulsating star. Since CoRoT\,102699796 lies in the region of the HR diagram where the $δ$ Sct and $γ$ Dor instability strips intersect, we argue that the observed pulsation characteristics are intermediate between these classes of variables, i.e. CoRoT\,102699796 is likely the first PMS hybrid $γ$ Dor-$δ$ Sct pulsator ever studied.
description: 13 pages, 7 figures. Accepted for publication in Monthly Notices of the RAS
Observable Gravity Waves from Supersymmetric Hybrid Inflation II
Creators: name: Rehman, Mansoor Ur
name: Shafi, Qaisar
name: Wickman, Joshua R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that a tensor-to-scalar ratio close to r = 0.03, which can be observed by Planck, is realized in supersymmetric hybrid inflation models with TeV-scale soft supersymmetry breaking terms. This extends our previous analysis, which also found r
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Case study on the effectiveness of carbon pricing estimating the impact of carbon tax on natural gas demand [in] British Columbia
Creators: name: Gholami, Zahra
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: British Columbia’s carbon tax was implemented in July 2008 at the rate of $10 per tonne of carbon. It increased for four consecutive years and reached $30 per tonne of carbon. The rate of carbon tax is based on the carbon intensity of the fossil fuels. The second biggest source of primary energy in North America, natural gas, is subject to 5.7 cents/cubic metre of carbon tax in the province of British Columbia. In this study, we adopt a difference-in-differences technique to examine whether or not the BC’s carbon tax has impacted natural gas consumption in commercial and residential sectors in BC, where it is primarily used for space heating. We assemble a monthly panel data from Statistics Canada and Environment Canada spanning from Jan 1990-Dec 2013 for six provinces: Quebec, Ontario, Manitoba, Saskatchewan, Alberta, and British Columbia. While the coefficient for carbon tax is insignificant in residential sector, we find the elasticity of carbon tax for natural gas to be -0.35 in commercial sector.
Bipartizing fullerenes
Creators: name: Dvorak, Zdenek
name: Lidicky, Bernard
name: Skrekovski, Riste
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C10

description: A fullerene graph is a cubic bridgeless planar graph with twelve 5-faces such that all other faces are 6-faces. We show that any fullerene graph on n vertices can be bipartized by removing O(sqrt{n}) edges. This bound is asymptotically optimal.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures
Three remarks on a question of Aczél
Creators: name: Shalit, Orr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 39B22

description: In the 49th International Symposium on Functional Equations, J. Aczél asked for the monotonic solutions of a certain one-parameter family of functional equations. In this short note we find that for a certain value of the parameter the monotonic solutions are the expected ones, and that for other values this is not so. Further, we find all continuous and continuously differentiable solutions to the equations.
description: 2 pages. To appear in Aequationes Math
Does environment affect the star formation histories of early-type galaxies?
Creators: name: Ferreras, Ignacio
name: Pasquali, Anna
name: Rogers, Ben
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Differences in the stellar populations of galaxies can be used to quantify the effect of environment on the star formation history. We target a sample of early-type galaxies from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey in two different environmental regimes: close pairs and a general sample where environment is measured by the mass of their host dark matter halo. We apply a blind source separation technique based on principal component analysis, from which we define two parameters that correlate, respectively, with the average stellar age (eta) and with the presence of recent star formation (zeta) from the spectral energy distribution of the galaxy. We find that environment leaves a second order imprint on the spectra, whereas local properties - such as internal velocity dispersion - obey a much stronger correlation with the stellar age distribution.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures. Proceedings of JENAM 2010, Symposium 2: "Environment and the formation of galaxies: 30 years later"
Noncommutative orders. A preliminary study
Creators: name: Brzeziński, Tomasz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 16T15

description: The first steps towards linearisation of partial orders and equivalence relations are described. The definitions of partial orders and equivalence relations (on sets) are formulated in a way that is standard in category theory and that makes the linearisation (almost) automatic. The linearisation is then achieved by replacing sets by coalgebras and the Cartesian product by the tensor product of vector spaces. As a result, definitions of orders and equivalence relations on coalgebras are proposed. These are illustrated by explicit examples that include relations on colagebras spanned by grouplike elements (or linearised sets), the diagonal relation, and an order on a three-dimensional non-cocommutative coalgebra. Although relations on coalgebras are defined for vector spaces, all the definitions are formulated in a way that is immediately applicable to other braided monoidal categories.
description: 11 pages; to appear in Acta Physica Polonica B Proceedings Supplement
Diffusivity and Weak Clustering in a Quasi 2D Granular Gas
Creators: name: Perera-Burgos, J. A.
name: Perez-Angel, G.
name: Nahmad-Molinari, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results from a detailed simulation of a quasi-2D dissipative granular gas, kept in a non-condensed steady state via vertical shaking over a rough substrate. This gas shows a weak power-law decay in the tails of its Pair Distribution Functions (PDF's), indicating fractality and therefore a tendency to form clusters over several size scales. This clustering depends monotonically on the dissipation coefficient, and disappears when the sphere-sphere collisions are conservative. Clustering is also sensitive to the packing fraction. This gas also displays the standard nonequilibrium characteristics of similar systems, including non-Maxwellian velocity distributions. The diffusion coefficients are calculated over all the conditions of the simulations, and it is found that diluted gases are more diffusive for smaller restitution coefficients.
description: 14 pages, 11 figures
Comparing galactic satellite properties in hydrodynamical and Nbody simulations
Creators: name: Schewtschenko, Jascha A.
name: Maccio', Andrea V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we examine the different properties of galactic satellites in hydrodynamical and pure dark matter simulations. We use three pairs of simulations (collisional and collision-less) starting from identical initial conditions. We concentrate our analysis on pairs of satellites in the hydro and Nbody runs that form from the same Lagrangian region. We look at the radial positions, mass loss as a function of time and orbital parameters of these "twin" satellites. We confirm an overall higher radial density of satellites in the hydrodynamical runs, but find that trends in the mass loss and radial position of these satellites in the inner and outer region of the parent halo differ from the pure dark matter case. In the outskirts of the halo (~70% of the virial radius) satellites experience a stronger mass loss and higher dynamical friction in pure dark matter runs. The situation is reversed in the central region of the halo, where hydrodynamical satellites have smaller apocenter distances and suffer higher mass stripping. We partially ascribe this bimodal behaviour to the delayed infall time for hydro satellites, which on average cross the virial radius of the parent halo 0.7 Gyrs after their dark matter twins. Finally, we briefly discuss the implications of the different set of satellite orbital parameters and mass loss rates in hydrodynamical simulations within the context of thin discs heating and destruction.
description: 10 pages, 15 figures, accepted for publication on MNRAS
Biaxial nematic phases in fluids of hard board-like particles
Creators: name: Martinez-Raton, Yuri
name: Varga, Szabolcs
name: Velasco, Enrique
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use density-functional theory, of the fundamental-measure type, to study the relative stability of the biaxial nematic phase, with respect to non-uniform phases such as smectic and columnar, in fluids made of hard board-like particles with sizes $σ_1>σ_2>σ_3$. A restricted-orientation (Zwanzig) approximation is adopted. Varying the ratio $κ_1=σ_1/σ_2$ while keeping $κ_2=σ_2/σ_3$, we predict phase diagrams for various values of $κ_2$ which include all the uniform phases: isotropic, uniaxial rod- and plate-like nematics, and biaxial nematic. In addition, spinodal instabilities of the uniform phases with respect to fluctuations of the smectic, columnar and plastic-solid type, are obtained. In agreement with recent experiments, we find that the biaxial nematic phase begins to be stable for $κ_2\simeq 2.5$. Also, as predicted by previous theories and simulations on biaxial hard particles, we obtain a region of biaxility centred on $κ_1\approxκ_2$ which widens as $κ_2$ increases. For $κ_2\agt 5$ the region $κ_2\approxκ_1$ of the packing-fraction vs. $κ_1$ phase diagrams exhibits interesting topologies which change qualitatively with $κ_2$. We have found that an increasing biaxial shape anisotropy favours the formation of the biaxial nematic phase. Our study is the first to apply FMT theory to biaxial particles and, therefore, it goes beyond the second-order virial approximation. Our prediction that the phase diagram must be asymmetric is a genuine result of the present approach, which is not accounted for by previous studies based on second-order theories.
description: Preprint format. 18 pages, 5 figures