cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Jamming transition in non-spherical particle systems: pentagons vs. disks
Creators: name: Zhao, Yiqiu
name: Barés, Jonathan
name: Zheng, Hu
name: Bester, Cacey Stevens
name: Xu, Yuanyuan
name: Socolar, Joshua E. S.
name: Behringer, Robert P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the jamming transition in a quasi-2D granular material composed of regular pentagons or disks subjected to quasistatic uniaxial compression. We report six major findings based on experiments with monodisperse photoelastic particles with static friction coefficient $μ\approx 1$. (1) For both pentagons and disks, the onset of rigidity occurs when the average coordination number of non-rattlers, $Z_{nr}$ , reaches 3, and the dependence of $Z_{nr}$ on the packing fraction $ϕ$ changes again when $Z_{nr}$ reaches 4. (2) Though the packing fractions $ϕ_{c1}$ and $ϕ_{c2}$ at these transitions differ from run to run, for both shapes the data from all runs with different initial configurations collapses when plotted as a function of the non-rattler fraction. (3) The averaged values of $ϕ_{c1}$ and $ϕ_{c2}$ for pentagons are around 1% smaller than those for disks. (4) Both jammed pentagons and disks show Gamma distribution of the Voronoi cell area with same parameters. (5) The jammed pentagons have similar translational order for particle centers but slightly less orientational order for contacting pairs comparing to jammed disks. (6) For jammed pentagons, the angle between edges at a face-to-vertex contact point shows a uniform distribution and the size of a cluster connected by face-to-face contacts shows a power-law distribution.
MOESM1 of Computational studies of 2-(4-oxo-3-phenylthiazolidin-2-ylidene)malononitrile
Creators: name: Yahia Mabkhot
name: Al-Showiman, Salim
name: A. Barakat
name: S. Soliman
name: Kheder, Nabila
name: Alharbi, Mohammed
name: Abdulrahman Asayari
name: Abdullatif Muhsinah
name: Ullah, Asad
name: Badshah, Syed
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. The calculated electronic transition bands of the malononitrile compound. Table S2. Comparison of the predicted and experimental frequency modes of the malononitrile analogue. Figure S1. Comparison of the predicted (upper) and experimental (lower) absorbance spectra of the thiazole based malononitrile analogue. Figure S2. The experimental (lower one) and calculated (upper one) IR spectra of the studied compound.
Who benefits from a country's scientific research?
Creators: name: Abramo, Giovanni
name: D'Angelo, Ciriaco Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: When a publication is cited it generates a benefit. Through the country affiliations of the citing authors, it is possible to work upwards, tracing the countries that benefit from results produced in a national research system. In this work we take the knowledge flow from Italy as an example. We develop a methodology for examination of how the knowledge flows vary across fields, in each beneficiary country. We also measure the field comparative advantage of countries in benefiting from Italian research. The results from this method can inform bilateral research collaboration policies.
A model for a dark matter core at the galactic center
Creators: name: Boshkayev, Kuantay
name: Malafarina, Daniele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a toy model for the supermassive compact object at the galactic center that does not require the presence of a black hole. We assume a matter distribution of weakly interacting particles with a density profile inferred from dark matter profiles in the outer regions. We show that rotation curves close to the center of the Milky Way galaxy can be explained within this model. We also show that the motion of test particles (stars) at distances of the order of 100 astronomical units can not be distinguished from the motion of corresponding particles in the Schwarzschild geometry. However, differences arise at shorter distances, suggesting that it could be possible to observationally test the validity of the model in the near future.
description: 9 pages, 9 figures
Quasiparticle properties around a nonmagnetic impurity in the superconducting state of the two-dimensional t-J model
Creators: name: Tsuchiura, Hiroki
name: Tanaka, Yukio
name: Ogata, Masao
name: Kashiwaya, Satoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The superconducting state around a well isolated nonmagnetic impurity in the high-Tc superconductors is studied using the two-dimensional t-J model. The spatial dependence of the order parameter and the local density of states are obtained from the numerical diagonalization of the Bogoliubov-de Gennes equation derived using the Gutzwiller approximation. We find a zero-energy peak in the local density of states around the impurity. Different from the previous results on a vortex or surfaces in the t-J model, the splitting of zero-energy peak is not found. The zero-energy states corresponding to the zero-energy peak is approximately localized around the impurity.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Additional file 1: of The role of genetic diversity in the evolution and maintenance of environmentally-cued, male alternative reproductive tactics
Creators: name: K. Stewart
name: R. Draaijer
name: M. Kolasa
name: I. Smallegange
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Table S2.1. â S2.5. Exemplar (1Â from 5) of subsampled analyses performed from 30 randomly sampled individuals per subpopulation (female, fighter, scrambler) between rich and poor environments. Table S2.1. nSSR information on each locus. Table S2.2. Hardy-Weinberg statistics across environments and subpopulations. Table S2.3. Pairwise FST values for population differentiation. Table S2.4. Summary of hierarchical AMOVA. Table S2.5. Genetic differentiation between strategies (fighters and scramblers) compared to total population within that environment (rich and poor). (DOCX 32â kb)
Navigating uncharted waters: relational trust and evidence use among school board members and administrators during the Covid-19 Pandemic
Creators: name: McKeon, Robin Tamarelli
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2025

description: Politics, context, and culture are critical to the understanding of how education policy reform is influenced by evidence use. Different types of research evidence use occur depending on the specific problems being addressed and on the cultural and organizational context. Relational trust is critically important in the public education policymaking process and plays an important role in how evidence is accessed and used. The COVID-19 pandemic, which began in 2020, was a period of unprecedented crisis and radical change in education. Leaders operated in crisis mode, forced to make rapid decisions about things that were not in their normal “wheelhouse.” These decisions were highly politicized, and local school district leaders were under extreme pressure from people on both sides of the issues. Shortly after the onset of the pandemic, there were protests across the country in the wake of George Floyd’s death. Consequently, school districts were under newly intensified pressure to articulate their stance on anti-racism. The public pressure that local school district leaders encountered during the pandemic provides a unique and intense window into how evidence use and relational trust impact decisions. This study consists of case studies of two purposefully selected K-12 districts in New Jersey that were successful in providing in-person instruction to students during the 2020-2021 school year. Leaders used a wide range of evidence in their decision-making during this crisis. Studying and comparing Suburbantown and Urbantown (pseudonyms used for the districts in this research) over the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic reveals how district context, relational trust, and networks affect evidence use.
Two-photon exchange on neutron and the hyperfine splitting
Creators: name: Tomalak, Oleksandr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the contribution from the two-photon exchange on the neutron to the hyperfine splitting of S energy levels. We update the value of the neutron Zemach radius, estimate total recoil and polarizability corrections. The resulting two-photon exchange in electronic atoms exceeds by an order of magnitude the leading Zemach term and has different sign both in electronic and muonic hydrogen.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures
title: 01_1943
Creators: name: Wesley Baldwin, John
name: Baldwin, John W.
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: L'ensemble de ces notes ont été crée par John Baldwin lors d'une de ses premières périodes de résidence à Paris. Ces documents comprennent tous les magistri qu’il avait pu rencontrer dans ses sources. Aux XIIème et XIIIème siècles, les universités n'existant pas encore, le titre de magister s'il évoque certainement une compétence n'est pas rattaché de façon systématique au passage par les écoles. De surcroît, les magistris sont le plus souvent désignés par leur seul prénom. La lecture de ces données est donc difficile et suppose un long travail pour tenter d'identifier un individu auquel on pourrait rattacher plusieurs mentions. John Baldwin avait donc renoncé à utiliser ces données pour donner un prolongement à sa magnifique étude sur les gradués d'université et leur emploi par les Capétiens et les Plantagenêts. Néanmoins, il a conservé ces données et elles sont potentiellement très utile dans le cadre de Studium, comme le sont toutes les mentions dans les volumes des Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae de chanoines portant ce titre de magister sans autres précisions. L'ampleur des dépouillements rend ces données très utiles et nous devons une grande reconnaissance à John Baldwin pour avoir pris la peine de faire photocopier ses fiches et de nous les avoir transmises amicalement.
Les données ainsi que les images des fiches sont accessibles sur le site Internet à l'adresse suivante : http://studium-baldwin.lamop.fr/.
Les transcriptions des fiches ont été effectuées par des étudiants de Paris 1 Panthéon - Sorbonne mais elles n'ont pas été corrigées par la suite.
description: Relation: https://lamop.hypotheses.org/
Primes in arithmetic progressions and nonprimitive roots
Creators: name: Moree, Pieter
name: Sha, Min
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $p$ be a prime. If an integer $g$ generates a subgroup of index $t$ in $(\mathbb Z/p\mathbb Z)^*,$ then we say that $g$ is a $t$-near primitive root modulo $p$. We point out the easy result that each primitive residue class contains a positive natural density subset of primes $p$ not having $g$ as a $t$-near primitive root and prove a more difficult variant.
description: 7 pages, changed title, to appear in the Bulletin of the Australian Mathematical Society, deals with a side problem that came up in arXiv:1809.08431 (to appear in Journal of Number Theory)
Conductivity sum rule, implication for in-plane dynamics and c-axis response
Creators: name: Kim, Wonkee
name: Carbotte, J. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently observed $c$-axis optical sum rule violations indicate non-Fermi liquid in-plane behavior. For coherent $c$-axis coupling, the observed flat, nearly frequency independent $c$-axis conductivity $σ_{1}(ω)$ implies a large in-plane scattering rate $Γ$ around $(0,π)$ and therefore any pseudogap that might form at low frequency in the normal state will be smeared. On the other hand incoherent $c$-axis coupling places no restriction on the value of $Γ$ and gives a more consistent picture of the observed sum rule violation which, we find in some cases, can be less than half.
description: 3 figures. To appear in PRB
Additional file 6: of Dietary iron interacts with genetic background to influence glucose homeostasis
Creators: name: Miranda, Mario
name: Celine St Pierre
name: Macias-Velasco, Juan
name: Nguyen, Huyen
name: Schmidt, Heather
name: Agnello, Lucian
name: Wayhart, Jessica
name: Lawson, Heather
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Hematology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Quantification of serum metabolic markers. (DOCX 13 kb)
Embeddings of Cohen algebras
Creators: name: Shelah, Saharon
name: Zapletal, Jindřich
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Complete Boolean algebras proved to be an important tool in topology and set theory. Two of the most prominent examples are B(kappa), the algebra of Borel sets modulo measure zero ideal in the generalized Cantor space {0,1}^kappa equipped with product measure, and C(kappa), the algebra of regular open sets in the space {0,1}^kappa, for kappa an infinite cardinal. C(kappa) is much easier to analyse than B(kappa) : C(kappa) has a dense subset of size kappa, while the density of B(kappa) depends on the cardinal characteristics of the real line; and the definition of C(kappa) is simpler. Indeed, C(kappa) seems to have the simplest definition among all algebras of its size. In the Main Theorem of this paper we show that in a certain precise sense, C(aleph_1) has the simplest structure among all algebras of its size, too. MAIN THEOREM: If ZFC is consistent then so is ZFC + 2^{aleph_0}= aleph_2 +``for every complete Boolean algebra B of uniform density aleph_1, C(aleph_1) is isomorphic to a complete subalgebra of B''.
Wolność nie tylko dla ludzi. Polskie środowiska anarchistyczne i lewicowe w walce o prawa zwierząt
Creators: name: Wójcik, Maciej
Publisher: name: Świat Idei i Polityki
Year: 2022

description: Anarchizm, stanowiąc zespół doktryn, myśli i filozofii, mimo pewnych różnic światopoglądowych oraz zmian społecznych, kulturalnych i ekonomicznych wynikających z następujących po sobie okresów historycznych, do dzisiaj skupia się na walce z niesprawiedliwościami społecznymi mającymi rodzić się z kapitalizmu oraz hierarchicznych struktur społecznych. Jednakże współczesne szkoły anarchizmu w swojej teorii oraz praktyce zaczęły działania na innych polach, wychodząc poza problemy społeczne, skupiając się m.in. na walce z degradacją środowiska naturalnego, krytyce konsumpcjonizmu, działalności artystycznej, mającej propagować określone idee. Dostrzeżenie innych problemów przez współczesnych anarchistów w otaczającej ich rzeczywistości, doprowadziło do powstania nowych nurtów anarchizmu, takich jak zielony anarchizm czy anarchizm querrowy. Anarchizmy związane z postawami proekologicznymi i antytechnologicznymi zaczęły zyskiwać coraz większą popularność na przełomie XX i XXI w. Znaczna część zwolenników zielonego anarchizmu zaczęła interesować się problemami związanymi z miejscem zwierząt w kapitalizmie, ich wykorzystywaniem, a także brakiem ochrony prawnej przedstawicieli świata fauny. Także polskie środowiska anarchistyczne, które kształtowały się w latach 80. i 90. XX w., były świadome tego, iż ich obowiązkiem jest walka na rzecz poprawy warunków życia zwierząt. Natomiast w bardziej radykalnej formie walka o prawa zwierząt miała oznaczać ich pełne wyzwolenie (niszczenie ferm, propagowanie weganizmu, sprzeciw wobec przetrzymywania zwierząt w parkach zoologicznych). Celem artykułu jest zaprezentowanie stosunku do zwierząt i ich praw, autonomii wraz z metodami podejmowanymi na rzecz poprawy ich warunków przez polskich anarchistów oraz reprezentantów różnych środowisk lewicowych (zbliżonych światopoglądem do anarchizmu, ustosunkowujących się np. w swoich organach prasowych do myśli anarchistycznej) działających w latach 1980–2020
description: Świat Idei i Polityki, Tom 21 Nr 1 (2022): Świat Idei i Polityki
Probing the Holographic Fermi Arc with scalar field: Numerical and analytical study
Creators: name: Chakrabarti, Sayan
name: Maity, Debaprasad
name: Wahlang, Wadbor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fermi arcs are disconnected contour of Fermi surface, which can be observed in the pseudo-gap phase of high temperature superconductors. Aiming to understand this pseudo-gap phenomena, we study a holographic Fermionic system coupled with a massive scalar field in an AdS black hole background. Depending on the boundary condition on the scalar field mode, we discuss two possible scenarios. When the scalar condenses below a critical temperature $T_c$, the Fermi surface undergoes a transition from normal phase to pseudo-gap phase. Hence $T_c$ can be the reminiscent of well-known cross over temperature $T^*$ in cuprate superconductor, below which pseudo-gap appears at constant doping. In the second scenario, the bulk scalar develops a non-normalizable profile at arbitrary temperature for non-zero source at the boundary. Therefore, we can tune the Fermi spectrum by tuning a dual source at the boundary. The dual source for this case can be the reminiscent of hole doping in the real cuprate superconductor. For both the cases we have studied Fermi spectrum and observed anisotropic gap in the spectral function depending on the model parameter and studied the properties of Fermi arcs across different phases.
description: 24 pages,9 figures. Accepted for publication in JHEP
Production of $e^+e^-$ pairs to all orders in $Zα$ for collisions of high-energy muons with heavy nuclei
Creators: name: Ivanov, D.
name: Kuraev, E. A.
name: Schiller, A.
name: Serbo, V. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The $e^+e^-$ pair production in collisions of muon with atoms is considered to all orders in the parameter $Zα$. We obtain energy distribution of $e^+$ and $e^-$ as well as energy loss of muon passing through matter with heavy atoms. The found corrections to the Born contribution do not depend on the details of the target properties except of a simple factor. For the considered example of Pb target the muon energy loss corrections vary from -65 % to -10 % depending on the pair energy.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures, LaTex; Introduction slightly enlarged, 2 references added
MANUAL DE ORIENTAÇÃO PARA ALTA DO PACIENTE TRAQUEOSTOMIZADO
Creators: name: Flores, Paula Vanessa Peclat
name: Monique Brito, Pitzer
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Trata-se de um Manual de orientação para auxiliar enfermeiros no procedimento de alta de pacientes, embasado em ferramentas respaldadas por evidências e insights provenientes da experiência do público-alvo. O objetivo é aprimorar a qualidade técnica dos cuidados, melhorar a comunicação e capacitar os pacientes para maximizar sua qualidade de vida após a traqueostomia.
Scale competition in nonlinear Schrodinger models
Creators: name: Gaididei, Yuri B.
name: Christiansen, Peter L.
name: Mingaleev, Serge F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Three types of nonlinear Schrodinger models with multiple length scales are considered. It is shown that the length-scale competition universally results into arising of new localized stationary states. Multistability phenomena with a controlled switching between stable states become possible.
description: 16 pages, 8 figures, chapter for the Springer book "Nonlinear Science at the dawn of the 21th century" (2000)
Additional file 5: of Dietary iron interacts with genetic background to influence glucose homeostasis
Creators: name: Miranda, Mario
name: Celine St Pierre
name: Macias-Velasco, Juan
name: Nguyen, Huyen
name: Schmidt, Heather
name: Agnello, Lucian
name: Wayhart, Jessica
name: Lawson, Heather
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Differentially expressed adipose tissue genes. (DOCX 11 kb)
On the Effects of a Bulk Perturbation on the Ground State of 3D Ising Spin Glasses
Creators: name: Marinari, Enzo
name: Parisi, Giorgio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute and analyze couples of ground states of 3D spin glasses before and after applying a volume perturbation which adds to the Hamiltonian a repulsion from the true ground state. The physical picture based on Replica Symmetry Breaking is in excellent agreement with the observed behavior.
description: 4 pages including 5 .ps figures
Entanglement-assisted communication in the absence of shared reference frame
Creators: name: Beheshti, Ali
name: Raeisi, Sadegh
name: Karimipour, Vahid
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Alice wants to convey the value of a parameter to Bob with whom she does not share a reference frame. What physical object can she use for this task? Shall she encode this value into the angle between two physical vectors such as the angle between two spins? Can she benefit from using entanglement? We approach these questions here and show that an entangled state of two qubits has three parameters that are invariant under changes of the reference frame. We also calculate the average information gain, when each one of these parameters is used for communication. We compare our result with the special case of separable states and find that entanglement enhances the information gain.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures
What drives capacity to innovate? Insights from women and men small-scale farmers in Africa, Asia, and Latin America
Creators: name: Badstue, Lone
name: Lopez, Diana E.
name: Umansteva, Anya
name: Williams, George
name: Elias, Marlene
name: Farnworth, Cathy Rozel
name: Rietveld, Anne
name: Njuguna-Mungai, Esther
name: Luis, Joyce
name: Najjar, Dina
name: Kandiwa, Vongai
name: Badstue, Lone
name: Lopez, Diana E.
name: Umansteva, Anya
name: Williams, George
name: Elias, Marlene
name: Farnworth, Cathy Rozel
name: Rietveld, Anne
name: Njuguna-Mungai, Esther
name: Luis, Joyce
name: Najjar, Dina
name: Kandiwa, Vongai
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Capacity to innovate
subject: gender norms
subject: agency and negotiation
subject: personality traits
subject: diffusion of innovations

description: What are key characteristics of rural innovators? How are their experiences similar for women and men, and how are they different? To examine these questions, we draw on individual interviews with 336 rural women and men known in their communities for trying out new things in agriculture. The data form part of 84 GENNOVATE community case studies from 19 countries. Building on study participants’ own reflections and experiences with innovation in their agricultural livelihoods, we combine variable-oriented analysis and analysis of specific individuals’ lived experience. Results indicate that factors related to personality and agency are what most drive women’s and men’s capacity to innovate. Access to resources is not a prerequisite but rather an important enabling aspect. Different types of women have great potential for local innovation, but structural inequalities make men better positioned to access resources and leverage support. Men’s support is important when women challenge the status quo.
Topological Structure in the SU(2) Vacuum
Creators: name: DeGrand, Thomas
name: Hasenfratz, Anna
name: Kovacs, Tamas G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the topological content of the vacuum of SU(2) pure gauge theory using lattice simulations. We use a smoothing process based on the renormalization group equation which removes short distance fluctuations but preserves long distance structure. The action of the smoothed configurations is dominated by instantons, but they still show an area law for Wilson loops with a string tension equal to the string tension on the original configurations. Yet it appears that instantons are not directly responsible for confinement. The average radius of an instanton is about 0.2 fm, at a density of about 2 fm^(-4). This is a much smaller average size than other lattice studies have indicated. The instantons appear not to be randomly distributed in space, but are clustered.
description: 34 pages, LaTeX, 11 encapsulated postscript figures
The effects of gender, age and academic rank on research diversification
Creators: name: Abramo, Giovanni
name: D'Angelo, Ciriaco Andrea
name: Di Costa, Flavia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this work we analyze the combined effects of gender, age and academic rank on the propensity of individual scholars to diversify their scientific activity. The aspect of research diversification is measured along three main dimensions, namely its extent and intensity and the cognitive relatedness of the fields of diversification. We apply two regression models to the dataset of scientific output of all Italian professors in the sciences over the period 2004-2008. The aim is to understand how personal and organizational traits can influence individual behaviors in terms of research diversification. Among other considerations, our findings urge caution in identifying research diversification as a co-determinant of the gender productivity gap between males and females.
Mixture of two unequally charged superfluids in a magnetic field
Creators: name: Aksu, S. Seyyare
name: Subaşı, A. Levent
name: Ghazanfari, Nader
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The artificial magnetic fields engineered for ultra cold gases depend on the internal structure of the neutral atoms. Therefore the components of a mixture composed of two atomic gases can exhibit a different response to an artificial magnetic field. Such a mixture can be interpreted as a mixture of two atomic gases, carrying different synthetic charges. In this article, we consider such mixtures of two superfluids with unequal synthetic charges in a ring trap subject to a uniform artificial magnetic field. The charge imbalance in such a mixture changes the distribution of excited particles over angular momentum states compared to that of an equally charged mixture. This microscopic difference exhibits macroscopic consequences; such as the occurrence of an angular momentum transfer between two unequally charged components. Due to the inter-fluid atomic interactions in a ring, the angular momentum transfer can create a counter flowing persistent current in the weakly charged superfluid. Even in the limiting case of a charged and an uncharged superfluid mixture, a persistent current can be induced in the uncharged superfluid, despite the fact that it is not directly coupled to the magnetic field. The stability analysis shows that the induction depends on the interplay between inter-fluid interaction and the applied magnetic field. We obtain instability boundaries of the system and construct phase diagrams as a function of the inter-fluid interaction and the magnetic field. We investigate these properties employing the Bogoliubov approximation.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
Detecção Automática de Glomérulos em Imagens Histológicas Renais Digitais
Creators: name: Moreira Cardozo Rehem, Jonathan
name: Fúlvia Angelo, Michele
name: Conrado dos Santos, Washington Luís
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Machine Learning
Glomeruli
Object Detection

description: Glomerulopathies are kidney diseases that affects thousands people in Brazil and in the entire world, this number is growing constantly. Technological evolution has allowed the digitalization of histological slides, making possible the development of computational tools that can assist the work of pathologists. This work aims to investigate if traditional machine learning techniques are efficient in the automatic detection of glomeruli, when applied over a proper dataset, composed by images captured by a different and heterogeneous method. For this, were used SVM (Support Vector Machines) classifier, mrcLBP (Multi Radial Color Local Binary Pattern) feature extractor, Sliding Window scan and Pyramid Image. This work achieved recall of 0.595, precision of 0.981 and 0.741 of F1 Score. This paper demonstrates the obstacles encountered and contributes to the advances needed to achieve this goal.
Equilibrium shapes and energies of coherent strained InP islands
Creators: name: Liu, Q. K. K.
name: Moll, N.
name: Scheffler, M.
name: Pehlke, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The equilibrium shapes and energies of coherent strained InP islands grown on GaP have been investigated with a hybrid approach that has been previously applied to InAs islands on GaAs. This combines calculations of the surface energies by density functional theory and the bulk deformation energies by continuum elasticity theory. The calculated equilibrium shapes for different chemical environments exhibit the {101}, {111}, {\=1\=1\=1} facets and a (001) top surface. They compare quite well with recent atomic-force microscopy data. Thus in the InP/GaInP-system a considerable equilibration of the individual islands with respect to their shapes can be achieved. We discuss the implications of our results for the Ostwald ripening of the coherent InP islands. In addition we compare strain fields in uncapped and capped islands.
description: 10 pages including 6 figures. Submitted to Phys. Rev. B. Related publications can be found at http://www.fhi-berlin.mpg.de/th/paper.html
Memory, Penrose Limits and the Geometry of Gravitational Shockwaves and Gyratons
Creators: name: Shore, Graham M
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The geometric description of gravitational memory for strong gravitational waves is developed, with particular focus on shockwaves and their spinning analogues, gyratons. Memory, which may be of position or velocity-encoded type, characterises the residual separation of neighbouring `detector' geodesics following the passage of a gravitational wave burst, and retains information on the nature of the wave source. Here, it is shown how memory is encoded in the Penrose limit of the original gravitational wave spacetime and a new `timelike Penrose limit' is introduced to complement the original plane wave limit appropriate to null congruences. A detailed analysis of memory is presented for timelike and null geodesic congruences in impulsive and extended gravitational shockwaves of Aichelburg-Sexl type, and for gyratons. Potential applications to gravitational wave astronomy and to quantum gravity, especially infra-red structure and ultra-high energy scattering, are briefly mentioned.
description: 64 pages, 14 figures. JHEP version plus new appendix on gravitational spin memory
Universality of the Ising Model on Sphere-like Lattices
Creators: name: Hoelbling, Ch.
name: Lang, C. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the 2D Ising model on three different types of lattices that are topologically equivalent to spheres. The geometrical shapes are reminiscent of the surface of a pillow, a 3D cube and a sphere, respectively. Systems of volumes ranging up to O($10^5$) sites are simulated and finite size scaling is analyzed. The partition function zeros and the values of various cumulants at their respective peak positions are determined and they agree with the scaling behavior expected from universality with the Onsager solution on the torus ($ν=1$). For the pseudocritical values of the coupling we find significant anomalies indicating a shift exponent $\neq 1$ for sphere-like lattice topology.
description: 24 pages, LaTeX, 8 figures
Molecular simulations minimally restrained by experimental data
Creators: name: Xu, Huafeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One popular approach to incorporating experimental data into molecular simulations is to restrain the ensemble average of observables to their experimental values. Here I derive equations for the equilibrium distributions generated by restrained ensemble simulations and the corresponding expected values of observables. My results suggest a method to restrain simulations so that they generate distributions that are minimally perturbed from the unbiased distributions while reproducing the experimental values of the observables within their measurement uncertainties.
Additional file 4: of Inferring the regulatory network of the miRNA-mediated response to biotic and abiotic stress in melon
Creators: name: Sanz-Carbonell, Alejandro
name: Marques, María
name: Bustamante, Antonio
name: Fares, Mario
name: Rodrigo, Guillermo
name: Gomez, Gustavo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Table S2. Detail of the sRNAs sequences belonging to know miRNAs families identified as stress responsive in melón. (PDF 1429 kb)
Abstract classes with few models have `homogeneous-universal' models
Creators: name: Baldwin, John T.
name: Shelah, Saharon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper is concerned with a class K of models and an abstract notion of submodel <=. Experience in first order model theory has shown the desirability of finding a `monster model' to serve as a universal domain for K. In the original constructions of Jonsson and Fraisse, K was a universal class and ordinary substructure played the role of <=. Working with a cardinal lambda satisfying lambda^{< lambda}= lambda guarantees appropriate downward Lowenheim-Skolem theorems; the existence and uniqueness of a homogeneous-universal model appears to depend centrally on the amalgamation property. We make this apparent dependence more precise in this paper. The major innovation of this paper is the introduction of weaker notion to replace the natural notion of (K, <=)-homogeneous-universal model. Modulo a weak extension of ZFC (provable if V=L), we show that a class K obeying certain minimal restrictions satisfies a fundamental dichotomy: For arbitrarily large lambda, either K has the maximal number of models in power lambda or K has a unique chain homogenous-universal model of power lambda. We show that in a class with amalgamation this dichotomy holds for the notion of K-homogeneous-universal model in the more normal sense.
Artificial Intelligence and Location Verification in Vehicular Networks
Creators: name: Ihsan, Ullah
name: Wang, Ziqing
name: Malaney, Robert
name: Dempster, Andrew
name: Yan, Shihao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Location information claimed by devices will play an ever-increasing role in future wireless networks such as 5G, the Internet of Things (IoT). Against this background, the verification of such claimed location information will be an issue of growing importance. A formal information-theoretic Location Verification System (LVS) can address this issue to some extent, but such a system usually operates within the limits of idealistic assumptions on a-priori information on the proportion of genuine users in the field. In this work we address this critical limitation by using a Neural Network (NN) showing how such a NN based LVS is capable of efficiently functioning even when the proportion of genuine users is completely unknown a-priori. We demonstrate the improved performance of this new form of LVS based on Time of Arrival measurements from multiple verifying base stations within the context of vehicular networks, quantifying how our NN-LVS outperforms the stand-alone information-theoretic LVS in a range of anticipated real-world conditions. We also show the efficient performance for the NN-LVS when the users' signals have added Non-Line-of-Site (NLoS) bias in them. This new LVS can be applied to a range of location-centric applications within the domain of the IoT.
description: 6 Pages, 5 figures
Geometry, Reflectance and Lighting from Neural Rendering
Creators: name: Li, Junxuan
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2024

description: This thesis tackles the challenges of 3D geometry, reflectance, and lighting estimation through neural rendering to enhance the modeling and understanding of real-world scenes using computer vision. Existing techniques, while show impressive results, have various limitations, such as the need for specialized hardware, laborious manual annotation, simplified assumptions, excessive input data, or inability to model complex interactions between objects and their environment. To address these limitations, this thesis presents six novel contributions that leverage deep learning, optimization, and neural rendering techniques, and solve such challenging real-world problems in computer vision and graphics. Our methods can handle diverse factors involved in image formation processes, including unknown lighting, non-Lambertian materials, and geometric interactions. As the first contribution, the thesis proposes a deep learning framework to minimize the number of input images required for photometric stereo under diverse illumination conditions. The second contribution is a self-supervised coordinate-based deep multilayer perceptron (MLP) network for recovering complex 3D shapes and non-Lambertian reflectance from real-world images. Our third contribution is to jointly optimise object shape, light directions, and light intensities under general surfaces and lighting assumptions to address the un-calibrated photometric stereo problem and the well-known generalized bas-relief (GBR) ambiguity. The fourth contribution presents a 3D compositional morphable model of eyeglasses that accurately incorporates geometric and photometric interaction effects with faces, improving the authenticity of virtual human representations. The fifth study estimates high-definition spatially-varying lighting, reflectance, and geometry of a scene from 360 stereo images, enabling more augmented reality applications. Lastly, the sixth contribution proposes a simple MLP network-based approach to learn the plenoptic function for novel view synthesis from a small number of sparsely configured camera views. In summary, these contributions extend the boundaries of neural rendering and optimization, opening up new possibilities for advancements in geometry, reflectance, and lighting. By addressing the limitations of previous approaches, this thesis provides a foundation for more robust and accurate real-world scene modeling and understanding.
Comments on ``Lattice Formulation of the Standard Model'' by Creutz. et. al
Creators: name: Neuberger, Herbert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The main construction of the paper in the title [hep-lat/9612017] is summarized using more standard particle physics language. Also, a flaw is pointed out and several objections to the more general thoughts expressed by Creutz et. al. are raised.
description: 5 pages, plain TeX
Condensation of Hard Spheres Under Gravity: Exact Results in One Dimension
Creators: name: Hong, Daniel C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present exact results for the density profile of the one dimensional array of N hard spheres of diameter D and mass m under gravity g. For a strictly one dimensional system, the liquid-solid transition occurs at zero temperature, because the close-pakced density, $ϕ_c$, is one. However, if we relax this condition slightly such that $phi_c=1-δ$, we find a series of critical temperatures T_c^i=mgD(N+1-i)/μ_o with μ_o=const, at which the i-th particle undergoes the liquid-solid transition. The functional form of the onset temperature, T_c^1=mgDN/μ_o, is consistent with the previous result [Physica A 271, 192 (1999)] obtained by the Enskog equation. We also show that the increase in the center of mass is linear in T before the transition, but it becomes quadratic in T after the transition because of the formation of solid near the bottom.
API Knowledge Graph Construction and Applications in Software Engineering
Creators: name: Ye, Xinyuan
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2024

description: Intelligent Software Engineering (ISE) has emerged as a promising research area, combining the strengths of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Software Engineering (SE) to augment software quality and productivity. In this thesis, we investigate the potential of utilizing Knowledge Graphs (KGs), a graph- structured data model designed for integrating and representing software engineering knowledge from various sources, to improve API accessibility and advance the field of ISE. Knowledge Graphs have demonstrated their efficacy in several aspects of intelligent software development, including program bug resolution, reasoning software weakness, and API accessibility enhancement. In our research, we investigate the use of knowledge graphs which use the official API documentation as a source of information to gain knowledge of API constraints, usage, and configuration settings. In addition, we attempted to implement them as tools by incorporating them into Integrated Development Environments (IDEs) for on-the-spot, task-specific code detection, refinement and testing. Furthermore, we explore the application of API Knowledge Graphs in API misuse detection, search-based software testing, and improving code generation by large language models. Our study begins with an exploration of the intelligent techniques used in software engineering, such as knowledge discovery, reasoning, learning, natural language processing, and intelligent decision-making. We then present a comprehensive review of the current state of API Knowledge Graphs in the context of ISE, elaborating on their role in enhancing software development processes. Subsequently, we propose a novel approach for constructing API Knowledge Graphs that ef- ficiently integrates software engineering knowledge from multiple sources. We also develop a framework for utilizing these graphs in various ISE tasks, demonstrating significant improvements in API accessibility, comprehension, and usability. This framework is further extended to address API misuse detection, enabling more robust software testing methodologies, and optimizing code generation using large language models. Finally, we outline potential future research directions, emphasizing the value of API Knowledge Graphs in intelligent software engineering, particularly concerning API information, and advocating for continued exploration of their applications. In summary, this thesis contributes to the field of ISE by establishing the importance of API Knowledge Graphs in enhancing software engineering practices, providing novel techniques for their construction and utilization, and highlighting the potential for further advancements in the discipline, including applications in API misuse detection, search-based software testing, and improved code generation through large language models.
title: Ethiopian Journals of Environment and Development, Vol. 2 No. 1 (2019): Mass flowering and death of Arundinaria alpina (highland bamboo) impact on livelihood of rural community: the case of Gedeo Zone, Southern Ethiopia.
title: Mass flowering and death of Arundinaria alpina (highland bamboo) impact on livelihood of rural community: the case of Gedeo Zone, Southern Ethiopia.
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Ethiopian Journals Of Environment And Development
Publisher: name: Ethiopian Journals of Environment and Development
Year: 2021

description: Abstract
Ethiopia owns the largest coverage of bamboos in Africa that sums up to more than 1 million
hectares. This constitutes about 67% of the total area of bamboo in Africa. Bamboo plays a
crucial role in the livelihood of the local people of Gedeo zone, south Ethiopia. However, the mass
flowering and mass death currently hit the bamboo forest of the zone and affected both the people
livelihood and the ecosystem of the area. Thus, this paper tries to highlight the consequences of
mass flowering of bamboo forest on the livelihood of rural community of the zone.