cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Assessment of postpartum contraceptive adoption and associated factors in Butajira Health and Demographic Surveillance Site (HDSS), in Southern Ethiopia
Creators: name: Getachew, Mahilet
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2015

description: Background: Using PPFP during the first year after delivery helps the women to realize their desire of spacing between births and their wish to keep absent from child bearing. But women in postpartum period do not get the service that deal with their desire to extend birth interval and to evade untended pregnancy and its outcome. Resumption of sex exposes postpartum mothers to risk of unintended pregnancy even before return of menstruation after delivery. This study attempt to measure the 12 months FP experience of women. So, the result of this study is helpful on improving and designing appropriate family planning program during postpartum period. Objectives: To determine level of postpartum contraceptive adoption and identify factors associated among women of reproductive age group (15-49 years) in the first twelve months after delivery. Methods: Community based cross sectional study was conducted in Butajira HDSS from Feb 2016- Mar 2016. Single population proportion formula was used to calculate the final sample size of 421. All the ten Kebeles in the HDSS were included in the study. Using the demographic surveillance data as sample frame simple random sampling technique was applied to recruit the study subjects after allocation of the sample size proportional to the size of each Kebele. After getting informed consent from each study participant interviewer administered pretested questionnaire was used to collect the data. Data was entered using Epi Info 7 and exported to STATA12 for cleaning and analysis. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were applied to estimate the crude and adjusted odds ratios with 95% CI to determine the presence and strength of association. Result: Nearly half (47%) of women use contraceptive during the extended postpartum period. Among this 10(2.4%) women adopted family planning in the first 42 days after delivery, 76(18%) adopted during the first three months and 156(37%) adopted during the first six months after delivery. The most commonly used method was inject able which is 77% during extended postpartum period. Discussion with husband [AOR =0.28;95%CI(0.10-0.77)], knowledge of family planning [AOR=3.71;95%CI (1.93-7.12)], menstrual resumption [AOR=3.71;95%CI(1.93-7.12)], having ANC [AOR=3.81;95%CI(1.53-9.51)], having PNC [AOR =2.84;95%CI(1.44-5.58)] and having linkage to FP service during immunization visit [AOR =4.31 ;95%CI (2.10-8.81)] were collarets that have significant association with postpartum contraceptive use. Conclusion and recommendation; PPFP use in Butajjira HDSS is low and is dominated by injectable contraceptives. Discussion with husband, knowledge of FP and use of ANC, PNC and child immunization services was positively correlated with likelihood of using PPFP. Integrating PPFP service with maternal and child health care service further improve the utilization of the service.
Doping of Cr in Graphene Using Electron Beam Manipulation for Functional Defect Engineering
Creators: name: Dyck, Ondrej
name: Yoon, Mina
name: Zhang, Lizhi
name: Lupini, Andrew R.
name: Swett, Jacob L.
name: Jesse, Stephen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Chromium atoms in graphene have been proposed to exhibit magnetic moments and spin-selective conducting states depending on the local bonding geometry within the graphene structure, which could lead to interesting applications in spintronics. Despite this interest, there are few direct experimental reports of Cr dopants in graphene even though it is theorized to be stable. Here, we demonstrate the introduction of single Cr dopant atoms into the graphene lattice and onto graphene edges through the controlled use of a focused electron beam in a scanning transmission electron microscope. We show local control of doping locations and when coupled with targeted in situ milling during scanning of the e-beam, these strategies demonstrate an important component of the fabrication of tailored nanostructured devices in the electron microscope. The approach is validated with first principles calculations to understand synthesis pathways during fabrication and reveal the energetics and local properties of Cr atoms embedded in graphene; e.g., Cr doping can convert graphene into a magnetic and semiconducting material, which suggests Cr-doped graphene can be used as a building block for potential electronic devices and a means to construct them.
Κριτικές «αναγνώσεις» έργων μοντέρνας τέχνης: Διδακτικές προεκτάσεις
Creators: name: Λεονταρίδου, Ελένη Γεωργίου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2022
Subjects: Εικαστικά έργα
Κριτικές «αναγνώσεις»
Εκπαιδευόμενοι (φοιτητές) εκπαιδευτικοί
Εκπαιδευτικοί πρωτοβάθμιας εκπαίδευσης
Visual arts
Critical ‘readings’
Teacher students
Teachers in primary schools

description: Η παρούσα διπλωματική εργασία έχει ως σκοπό μέσα από μία ποιοτική έρευνα σε φοιτητές και φοιτήτριες παιδαγωγικών τμημάτων καθώς και σε εν ενεργεία εκπαιδευτικούς να διερευνήσει σε ένα πρώτο στάδιο τις διάφορες ερμηνείες που παράγει η τέχνη μέσω διαφόρων έργων τέχνης και στην συνέχεια να ερευνήσει κατά πόσο οι ερμηνείες αυτές της οπτικής αντίληψης του κάθε συμμετέχοντα και της κάθε συμμετέχουσας διαφέρουν ή ταυτίζονται με τις εκφρασμένες θέσεις των δημιουργών. Ταυτόχρονα διερευνάται ο βαθμός που οι προσωπικές εμπειρίες που έχει κατά καιρούς βιώσει ο/η κάθε συμμετέχων/-ουσα σχετίζονται ή επηρεάζουν την “ανάγνωση” και τελικά την ερμηνεία ενός έργου τέχνης. Τέλος, ερευνάται η διδακτική αξιοποίηση αυτών των έργων τέχνης στην τάξη. Η ποιοτική αυτή έρευνα χρησιμοποιεί ως εργαλεία ημι-δομημένες συνεντεύξεις και ως υλικά έρευνας σουρεαλιστικούς πίνακες ζωγραφικής.
description: The present thesis aims, through a qualitative research on incumbent teachers and students who study pedagogy, to explore, in an initial stage, the various interpretation the art generates through various artworks and subsequently to explore the extent to which every attendant's interpretation of the visual perception differs or coincides with the views the artists openly hold. Simultaneously, the influence of the personal experiences every attendant has is explored in order to prove whether they are related, or may affect the final interpretation of an artwork. Eventually, the utilisation, for educational purposes, of these artworks in classroom is examined. This qualitative research uses as tools semi structured ( ή semi directive... βάλε όποιο προτιμάς.. σωστά είναι και τα δύο θεωρώ) interviews and as research material surrealistic paintings.
Electrical characterization of chemical and dielectric passivation of InAs nanowires
Creators: name: Holloway, Gregory W.
name: Haapamaki, Chris M.
name: Kuyanov, Paul
name: LaPierre, Ray R.
name: Baugh, Jonathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The native oxide at the surface of III-V nanowires, such as InAs, can be a major source of charge noise and scattering in nanowire-based electronics, particularly for quantum devices operated at low temperatures. Surface passivation provides a means to remove the native oxide and prevent its regrowth. Here, we study the effects of surface passivation and conformal dielectric deposition by measuring electrical conductance through nanowire field effect transistors treated with a variety of surface preparations. By extracting field effect mobility, subthreshold swing, threshold shift with temperature, and the gate hysteresis for each device, we infer the relative effects of the different treatments on the factors influencing transport. It is found that a combination of chemical passivation followed by deposition of an aluminum oxide dielectric shell yields the best results compared to the other treatments, and comparable to untreated nanowires. Finally, it is shown that an entrenched, top-gated device using an optimally treated nanowire can successfully form a stable double quantum dot at low temperatures. The device has excellent electrostatic tunability owing to the conformal dielectric layer and the combination of local top gates and a global back gate.
description: 4 figures, 9 pages. TEM and SEM images added to figures 1 and 4 in new version
Theory of relativistic heat polynomials and one-sided Lévy distributions
Creators: name: Dattoli, G.
name: Górska, K.
name: Horzela, A.
name: Penson, K. A.
name: Sabia, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The theory of pseudo-differential operators is a powerful tool to deal with differential equations involving differential operators under the square root sign. These type of equations are pivotal elements to treat problems in anomalous diffusion and in relativistic quantum mechanics. In this paper we report on new and unsuspected links between fractional diffusion, quantum relativistic equations and particular families of polynomials, linked to the Carlitz family, and playing the role of relativistic heat polynomials. We introduce generalizations of these polynomial families and point out their specific use for the solutions of problems of practical importance.
description: Typos corrected, references added
Assessment of dust exposure and chronic respiratory symptoms among workers in medium scale woodwork factories in akaki kality sub city, Addis Abeba.
Creators: name: Yitayew, Tegegnework
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2019

description: Background: Wood dust is known to generate a wide variety of airborne wood dusts. Wood dust in a form of inhalable particulates can penetrate the lung tissues and affect respiratory health. There is limited study in chronic respiratory symptoms and wood dust exposure studies in Ethiopia. Objective: This study aims to assess prevalence of chronic respiratory symptoms among workers, identify associated factors with chronic respiratory symptoms and measure the concentration of personal total wood dust exposure level in medium woodwork factories in Akaki Kality Sub City, Addis Ababa. Method: An institutional based cross-sectional study was conducted among a sample of 506 randomly selected woodworkers in Akaki Kality Sub City, Addis Ababa in 12 randomly selected medium scale woodwork factories using British Medical Research Council respiratory symptoms questionnaire with a few modifications from March 14 –May 23, 2019. Epi-Info v.7.2 and SPSS v.21 were used for data entry and analysis, respectively. Descriptive statistics were used, and data were presented using tables and figures. A binary logistic regression model was used to determine the odds ratio of chronic respiratory health symptoms for each predictor. Forty personal dust measurements among 20 randomly selected woodworkers were done from the two randomly selected medium scale woodwork factories by fixing dust samplers around the breathing zone. The dust samples were analyzed gravimetrically using a standard microbalance scale. The dust level was described and compared with the threshold limit value of American conference of governmental industrial hygienist recommendation (10 mg/m3). Results: The prevalence of chronic respiratory health symptoms among woodworkers was 69.8% (95% CI: 66.0-73.8) with prevalence of cough (54.6%), phlegm (52.2%), wheezing (44.6%), breathlessness (42.1%) and chest pain (42.9%). None of woodworkers had any proper respiratory protective devices. Chronic respiratory health symptoms among woodworkers was significantly associated with past occupational dust exposure history (AOR = 2.09, 95% CI; 1.09-4.01), work experience (AOR = 9.18, 95% CI; 5.27-16.00), energy used for cooking (AOR = 2.42, 95% CI; 1.44-4.07), and occupational safety and health training (AOR = 3.38, 95% CI; 1.20-9.49). The geometric mean (GM) of dust exposure level among woodworkers was 10.27 mg/m3. Out of the total samples, 22(55%) exceeded the threshold limit value of American conference of governmental industrial hygienist recommendation (10 mg/m3). Conclusion and recommendations: Chronic respiratory health symptom was highly prevalent among the woodworkers. The woodworkers were exposed to wood dust level above the recommended occupational exposure level. There is a need to improve dust control measures in medium scale woodwork factories in Akaki Kality Sub City.
Use of portable air purifiers as local exhaust ventilation during COVID-19
Creators: name: DuBois, Cheryl K.
name: Murphy, Michael J.
name: Kramer, Amanda J.
name: Quam, Jodi D.
name: Fox, Andrew R.
name: Oberlin, Ty J.
name: Logan, Perry W.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: The purpose of this study was to determine if strategic placement of portable air purifiers would improve effectiveness of aerosol reduction in a space as compared to use as a general room air purifier. Two sizes of portable air purifiers were placed in two different positions intended to function similar to either a local exhaust ventilation hood or an air curtain to determine if strategic placement would lead to a reduction of particles in a worker’s position at a desk in an office environment. Particle generators were used to introduce particulate into the air and personal aerosol monitors measured particles during each test condition. Results showed that when the medium room portable air purifiers used in this study were set to high, corresponding to 98 CFM, and placed near the breathing zone of each office worker with the unit’s filter cover removed, the particle concentration was reduced 35% beyond the reduction that would be expected if the same units were placed on the floor behind the occupant’s workstation. Results also indicated that the larger portable air purifier tested, positioned as close as reasonable to each occupant’s breathing zone with the largest capture area possible (i.e., removing the unit’s filter cover), delivers the best aerosol reduction performance. The authors concluded that as a layer of protection against transmission of airborne infectious organisms for office occupants, installing a portable air purifier, sized and operated similar to the units tested in this study on the desk 12 inches from the breathing zone of the worker, has the potential to reduce airborne particulate to a greater degree than if the same units were placed outside of the breathing zone, in the general cubicle area.
On the electrodynamics of Einstein's non-symmetric unified field theory
Creators: name: Voros., Joseph
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Assessment of Insecticide-Treated Mosquito Net Possession, Utilization and the Associated Determinants among Pregnant Women in Rayaazebo District, Tigray Regional State, Northern Ethiopia
Creators: name: Belay, Mebrahtom
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2007

description: Background: Malaria is one of the major health problems of the community in the world, mainly to children and pregnant women. The use of insecticide treated nets (ITNs) for protection against malarial is one of the major strategies currently applied in most developing countries. Raya- Azebo is one of the target Districts in Ethiopia for ITNs intervention, but with limited evidences pertaining to its possession and utilization in the most vulnerable group like pregnant women. Objective: To assess the status of ITNs possession, utilization and determinant factors among pregnant women for malaria control. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted in both urban and rural areas of Raya-Azebo District in Tigray Regional State. Using multistage stratified sampling method, 815 households with at least one pregnant woman were interviewed from randomly selected 21 Kushets from rural areas (90.6% pregnant women) and three Kushets from urban (9.4% pregnant women).The interview were regarding to possession and utilization of ITNs by the pregnant women. Four Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) were also held to generate important ideas for the study. In addition to this, direct observation about the proper utilization of ITNs by the pregnant women and children under-five was carried out during early morning. Data entry and analysis were done using SPSS version 10 soft ware. Result: ITNs possession and utilization of during the preceding night by pregnant women of the study area was 59% and 34.5%, respectively. Net re-impregnation rate in the areas was 96%. Educational status of the pregnant women, lack of radio at household level, gravidity, family size and number of living rooms were the most important factors that influenced possession and utilization of ITNs. vi Conclusions: Possession and utilization of ITNs by the study households were low. Educational level, radio possession, gravidity, family size, lack of access to ITNs, and way of distribution were the main determinants for possession and utilizations of ITNs. Improving the availability, sustainable integrating of the supply of ITNs to ant natal care (ANC) services and also to other sectors can be assured. Effective Information, Education and Communication (IEC) should be needed to enhance continuous uses of ITNs for protection of malaria in the highly risk group of the community.
Design of an energy aware petaflops class high performance cluster based on power architecture
Creators: name: Ahmad, W. A.
name: Bartolini, A.
name: Beneventi, F.
name: Benini, L.
name: Borghesi, A.
name: Cicala, M.
name: Forestieri, P.
name: Gianfreda, C.
name: Gregori, D.
name: Libri, A.
name: Spiga, F.
name: Tinti, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper we present D.A.V.I.D.E. (Development for an Added Value Infrastructure Designed in Europe), an innovative and energy efficient High Performance Computing cluster designed by E4 Computer Engineering for PRACE (Partnership for Advanced Computing in Europe). D.A.V.I.D.E. is built using best-in-class components (IBM's POWER8-NVLink CPUs, NVIDIA TESLA P100 GPUs, Mellanox InfiniBand EDR 100 Gb/s networking) plus custom hardware and an innovative system middleware software. D.A.V.I.D.E. features (i) a dedicated power monitor interface, built around the BeagleBone Black Board that allows high frequency sampling directly from the power backplane and scalable integration with the internal node telemetry and system level power management software; (ii) a custom-built chassis, based on OpenRack form factor, and liquid cooling that allows the system to be used in modern, energy efficient, datacenter; (iii) software components designed for enabling fine grain power monitoring, power management (i.e. power capping and energy aware job scheduling) and application power profiling, based on dedicated machine learning components. Software APIs are offered to developers and users to tune the computing node performance and power consumption around on the application requirements. The first pilot system that we will deploy at the beginning of 2017, will demonstrate key HPC applications from different fields ported and optimized for this innovative platform.
Implementierung eines Orbitkorrektursystems an der Synchrotronstrahlungsquelle DELTA
Creators: name: Zimoch, Dirk
Publisher: name: Universität Dortmund
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Correction method
subject: DELTA storage ring
subject: EPICS
subject: Korrekturverfahren
subject: Orbitbeulen
subject: Orbit bump
subject: Orbit correction
subject: Orbit feedback
subject: Orbit-Feedback
subject: Orbitkorrektur
subject: Orbit response matrix
subject: Orbit-Response-Matrix
subject: Speicherring
subject: StreamDevice
subject: Stream device
subject: SVD method
subject: SVD-Verfahren
subject: 530

description: In dieser Arbeit wird gezeigt, dass eine Korrektur der Strahllage in Delta ohne ein theoretisches Optikmodell auf der Grundlage gemessener Daten möglich und sinnvoll ist. Insbesondere konnte die Orbitdrift, welche durch die transversale Verschiebung von Quadrupolen aufgrund der Erwärmung der Vakuumkammer verursacht wird, sowie die Drift durch den ungleichmäßigen Feldverlust des supraleitenden Wigglers erfolgreich unterdrückt werden. Verschiedene Algorithmen zur Orbitkorrektur wurden implementiert und getestet, wobei sich die bester Korrektor-Methoden gegenüber den lokalen Orbitbeulen und dem SVD-Verfahren als besonders stabil erwiesen haben. Im Zuge der Umstellung des Kontrollsystems auf EPICS wurden verschiedene Treiberprogramme entwickelt, die für die Ansteuerung der zur Orbitkorrektur notwendigen Geräte zum Einsatz kommen und darüber hinaus von anderen Beschleunigern übernommen wurden. Aufgrund der durch diese Arbeit zur Verfügung gestellten Diagnosemöglichkeiten konnten Problempunkte bei Delta gefunden und beseitigt werden.
Switching field distribution of exchange coupled ferri-/ferromagnetic composite bit patterned media
Creators: name: Oezelt, Harald
name: Kovacs, Alexander
name: Fischbacher, Johann
name: Matthes, Patrick
name: Kirk, Eugenie
name: Wohlhüter, Phillip
name: Heyderman, Laura Jane
name: Albrecht, Manfred
name: Schrefl, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the switching field distribution and the resulting bit error rate of exchange coupled ferri-/ferromagnetic bilayer island arrays by micromagnetic simulations. Using islands with varying microstructure and anisotropic properties, the intrinsic switching field distribution is computed. The dipolar contribution to the switching field distribution is obtained separately by using a model of a triangular patterned island array resembling $1.4\,\mathrm{Tb/in}^2$ bit patterned media. Both contributions are computed for different thickness of the soft exchange coupled ferrimagnet and also for ferromagnetic single phase FePt islands. A bit patterned media with a bilayer structure of FeGd($5\,\mathrm{nm}$)/FePt($5\,\mathrm{nm}$) shows a bit error rate of $10^{-4}$ with a write field of $1.16\,\mathrm{T}$.
description: 10 pages, 11 figures
Synthesis of tetrahedrally functionalized molecules for the formation of 3-dimensional diamondoid lattice networks
Creators: name: Volpe., Carlo
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
A local relative trace formula for PGL(2)
Creators: name: Delorme, Patrick
name: Harinck, Pascale
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11F72, 22E50

description: Following a scheme inspired by B. Feigon, we describe the spectral side of a local relative trace formula for $G:= PGL(2,\rm E)$ relative to the symmetric subgroup $H:=PGL(2,\rm F)$ where $\rm E/\rm F$ is an unramified quadratic extension of local non archimedean fields of characteristic $0$. This spectral side is given in terms of regularized normalized periods and normalized $C$-functions of Harish-Chandra. Using the geometric side obtained in a more general setting by P. Delorme, P. Harinck and S. Souaifi , we deduce a local relative trace formula for $G$ relative to $H$. We apply our result to invert some orbital integrals.
description: 25 pages
Determinants of Antenatal Care Utilization. a Community-Based Study in Arssi Zone
Creators: name: Mesfin, Mengiste
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 1994

description: A community based cross sectional s tudy was carried out in Arsi zone to investigate factors that affect women's use of ANC and to see the utilization pattern of prenatal care. 1204 women in their 3rd trimester of pregnancy and 801 in the 3 months post delivery from 4 towns with access to ANC service were included as study subjects. A pretested questionnaire was administered to collect data on study variables. The study found that about 52.2% of women had not attended antenatal clinics at all, and only 32.5% of women attenders had their first visit in the first trimester of pregnancy. About 45.2% of attenders had one or two prenatal visits while few (10.6%) had the recommended 5 visits. Reasons for attendance were found to be non-specific . The main reason for non-attendance at ANC clinic were related to lack of knowledge of the need for ANC, and lack of time. Analysis showed that the chance of non-attendance was higher for those women in the older age group, widows and divorced women, and those with no formal schooling, low monthly income, high parity and many living children. The probability of non-attendance was higher for those with unplanned pregnancy and those who had negative attitudes to the v current pregnancy . Family problems and lack of time were also found to influence their attendance at ANC clinic. In this study, those who had perceived any illness as dangerous were more likely to be attenders of the service. Women who thought that they might develop dangerous health problems during pregnancy were also more likely to use the service. Recommendations concerning the improvement of ANC service and use are proposed.
Melatonin protects against alterations in hippocampal cholinergic system, trace metals and oxidative stress induced by gestational and lactational exposure to cadmium
Creators: name: Baxi, D. B.
name: Bhatnagar, M.
name: Desai, F.
name: Gajaria, T.
name: Mukherjee, R.
name: Ramachandran, A. V.
name: Sharma, D.
name: Singh, P. K.
name: Singh, S.
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: acetylcholinesterase
subject: Cadmium
subject: hippocampus
subject: melatonin
subject: trace metals
subject: 610

description: Dietary exposure to cadmium, even at lower doses, can lead to free radical induced neurotoxicity, neurobehavioral changes and alteration in neurotransmitters. Such changes are likely to be more pronounced in the developing brain due to incompleteness of blood brain barrier (BBB). Hippocampus being the seat of intelligence has a role in learning and cognitive behavior and any damage to hippocampus during developmental stage is likely to result in neurodegenerative changes in later life. To this end, fetal and neonatal exposure to cadmium was induced by exposing pregnant dams of Swiss albino strain throughout the period of gestation and following parturition up till 5th day post partum (pp) through drinking water (3ppm/animal/day). The neonates were sacrificed on day 6 pp and indices of oxidative stress, levels of trace elements and changes in cholinergic system were evaluated in the hippocampus. Increased lipid peroxidation, surge in reactive oxygen species (ROS), depressed antioxidant defense, increased accumulation of cadmium, differential alterations in trace elements and decreased activity of AChE were the features of cadmium toxicity. Simultaneous administration of melatonin to cadmium challenged animals offset these detrimental changes. The results suggest that melatonin co-administration can effectively protect against the adverse effects of cadmium on endogenous antioxidant status, changes in trace metal concentrations and compromised hippocampal cholinergic system.
description: EXCLI Journal ; Vol. 9, 2010
Self-consistent Bogoliubov de Gennes theory of the vortex lattice state in a two-dimensional strong type-II superconductor at high magnetic fields
Creators: name: Zhuravlev, Vladimir
name: Duan, Wenye
name: Maniv, Tsofar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A self-consistent Bogoliubov deGennes theory of the vortex lattice state in a 2D strong type-II superconductor at high magnetic fields reveals a novel quantum mixed state around the semiclassical Hc2, characterized by a well-defined Landau--Bloch band structure in the quasi-particle spectrum and suppressed order-parameter amplitude, which sharply crossover into the well-known semiclassical (Helfand-Werthamer) results upon decreasing magnetic field. Application to the 2D superconducting state observed recently on the surface of the topological insulator Sb2Te3, accounts well for the experimental data, revealing a strong type-II superconductor, with unusually low carrier density and very small cyclotron mass, which can be realized only in the strong coupling superconductor limit.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Characterizing observable COVID-19 controls in Pacific Northwest grocery stores
Creators: name: Chan, Allen
name: Errett, Nicole A.
name: Srikanth, Pranav
name: Baker, Marissa G.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Utilizing a longitudinal, observational study, grocery store health and safety controls implemented during the COVID-19 pandemic across stores in two cities were characterized. Sixteen stores between Seattle, WA (n = 9) and Portland, OR (n = 7) were visited monthly by the study team from May 2020 to January 2021, and observations of controls were recorded using a standardized checklist in REDCap. The checklist included questions on the presence or absence of controls such as physical barriers, social distancing markers, required masking of customers, cleaning of check-out stands, and closures of store areas. Descriptive analyses were conducted to determine the proportion of stores with a certain control each month. Mixed-effects logistic regression was used to explore how controls changed over time, and whether differences were observed between cities or by income of the area the store serves. Source control (e.g., mask requirements) and engineering controls (e.g., physical barriers at checkout) were the most common and consistent controls observed across stores and over the study period. Controls such as having special hours for vulnerable populations, demarcations on aisles for directionality, and cleaning check-out stands between customers varied significantly over time (p < 0.05 in the mixed-effects model). Having an employee present to clean baskets and carts, as well as physical barriers between self-checkouts, were significantly more common in stores in areas above the median income (p < 0.05 in the mixed-effects model). To best protect workers and shoppers from infectious agents, controls should be evidence-based, consistently implemented across grocery stores, and coupled with administrative practices and policies to promote worker wellbeing.
Malaria and HIV Co-Infection in Hadya Zone, Southern Ethiopia
Creators: name: Addissie, Adamu
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2004

description: Back Ground: Malaria and HIV/AIDS are the major priority medical challenges facing sub-Saharan Africa in general and Ethiopia in particular and yet little has been known so far on the clinical and public health implications of HIV and Malaria co-infection. Even if the statistical effect is modest, any interaction between these two infections would have public health significance. Objectives: A cross sectional health institution based study was conducted between mid October 2003 and mid January 2004 in three health facilities in Hadya Zone, Southern Ethiopia. The objectives of the study were to determine the prevalence of HIV malaria co-infections in the area and to describe the clinical manifestations of malaria in HIV positive and HIV negative malaria patients. Subjects and methods: A total of 337 microscopically confirmed malaria patients in the age range of 15-34 years were included in the study. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data on socio demographic and clinical variables. Physicians used a checklist of physical findings during physical check up of patients. Anonymous HIV testing was done on the blood samples of the patients using single ELISA technique by an experienced laboratory technologist. xiv Results: The HIV serostatus assessment revealed that 4.2% (14 out of 337) of the patients were seropositive for HIV. No socio demographic difference was detected between HIV positive and HIV negative malaria patients. Conclusions and Recommendations: The study concluded that the current HIV prevalence among P.faciparum malaria patients was not different from the HIV seroprevalence in the general population in the area, based on the prevalence findings from the national sentinel reports. No strong evidence suggesting an association between HIV and malaria was identified. The need for further studies with improved methodologies and designs is emphasized. Key Words: HIV, Malaria, Coinfection, Health Institution, Ethiopia
Controlling hydrocarbon transport and electron beam induced deposition on single layer graphene: toward atomic scale synthesis in the scanning transmission electron microscope
Creators: name: Dyck, Ondrej
name: Lupini, Andrew R.
name: Rack, Philip D.
name: Fowlkes, Jason
name: Jesse, Stephen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Focused electron beam induced deposition (FEBID) is a direct write technique for depositing materials on a support substrate akin to 3D printing with an electron beam (e-beam). Opportunities exist for merging this existing technique with aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy to achieve molecular- or atomic-level spatial precision. Several demonstrations have been performed using graphene as the support substrate. A common challenge that arises during this process is e-beam-induced hydrocarbon deposition, suggesting greater control over the sample environment is needed. Various strategies exist for cleaning graphene in situ. One of the most effective methods is to rapidly heat to high temperatures, e.g., 600 C or higher. While this can produce large areas of what appears to be atomically clean graphene, mobile hydrocarbons can still be present on the surfaces. Here, we show that these hydrocarbons are primarily limited to surface migration and demonstrate an effective method for interrupting the flow using e-beam deposition to form corralled hydrocarbon regions. This strategy is effective for maintaining atomically clean graphene at high temperatures where hydrocarbon mobility can lead to substantial accumulation of unwanted e-beam deposition.
Sub-AdS Scale Locality in AdS$_3$/CFT$_2$
Creators: name: Belin, Alexandre
name: Freivogel, Ben
name: Jefferson, Robert A.
name: Kabir, Laurens
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate sub-AdS scale locality in a weakly coupled toy model of the AdS$_3$/CFT$_2$ correspondence. We find that this simple model has the correct density of states at low and high energies to be dual to Einstein gravity coupled to matter in AdS$_3$. Bulk correlation functions also have the correct behavior at leading order in the large $N$ expansion, but non-local effects emerge at order $1/N$. Our analysis leads to the conjecture that any large $N$ CFT$_2$ that is modular invariant and has the right low-energy density of states is dual to a gravitational theory with sub-AdS scale locality.
description: 19 pages
Synthesis of novel thienoimidazoles and related heterocyclic systems
Creators: name: Vockler., Rod Alan
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Evaluation of ventilation, indoor air quality, and probability of viral infection in an outdoor dining enclosure
Creators: name: Persing, Allison J.
name: Roberts, Benjamin
name: Lotter, Jason T.
name: Russman, Eric
name: Pierce, Jennifer
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: In 2020, many cities closed indoor dining to curb rising COVID-19 cases. While restaurants in warmer climates were able to serve outdoors year-round, restaurants in colder climates adopted various solutions to continually operate throughout the colder months, such as the use of single-party outdoor dining enclosures to allow for the continuation of outdoor dining. This study evaluates indoor air quality and the air exchange rate using carbon dioxide as a tracer gas in a dining enclosure (12.03 m3) and models the probability of COVID-19 infection within such an enclosure. The air exchange rates were determined during two trials for the following scenarios: (1) door closed, (2) door opened, and (3) door opened intermittently every 15 min for 1 min per opening. The probability of COVID-19 infection was evaluated for each of these scenarios for 1 hr, with occupancy levels of two, four, and six patrons. The Wells–Riley equation was used to predict the probability of infection inside the dining enclosure. The air exchange rates were lowest in the closed-door scenarios (0.29–0.59 ACH), higher in the intermittent scenarios (2.36–2.49 ACH), and highest in the open-door scenarios (3.61 to 33.35 ACH). As the number of subjects inside the enclosure increased, the carbon dioxide accumulation increased in the closed-door and intermittent scenarios. There was no identifiable accumulation of carbon dioxide in the open-door scenario. The probability of infection (assuming one infected person without a mask) was inversely proportional to the airflow rate, and ranged from 0.0002–0.84 in the open-door scenario, 0.0034–0.94 for the intermittent scenarios, and 0.015–1.0 for the closed-door scenarios. The results from this study indicate that under typical use, the indoor air quality inside dining enclosures degrades during occupancy. The probability of patrons and workers inside dining enclosures being infected with COVID-19 is high when dining or serving a party with an infected person.
Ionic liquid solvents
Creators: name: Ranganathan., Vijayaraghavan
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Efficacy of dental evacuation systems for aerosol exposure mitigation in dental clinic settings
Creators: name: Blackley, Brie Hawley
name: Anderson, Kimberly R.
name: Panagakos, Fotinos
name: Chipps, Tammy
name: Virji, M. Abbas
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Dental personnel are ranked among the highest risk occupations for exposure to SARS-CoV-2 due to their close proximity to the patient’s mouth and many aerosol generating procedures encountered in dental practice. One method to reduce aerosols in dental settings is the use of intraoral evacuation systems. Intraoral evacuation systems are placed directly into a patient’s mouth and maintain a dry field during procedures by capturing liquid and aerosols. Although multiple intraoral dental evacuation systems are commercially available, the efficacy of these systems is not well understood. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the efficacy of four dental evacuation systems at mitigating aerosol exposures during simulated ultrasonic scaling and crown preparation procedures. We conducted real-time respirable (PM4) and thoracic (PM10) aerosol sampling during ultrasonic scaling and crown preparation procedures while using four commercially available evacuation systems: a high-volume evacuator (HVE) and three alternative intraoral systems (A, B, C). Four trials were conducted for each system. Respirable and thoracic mass concentrations were measured during procedures at three locations including (1) near the breathing zone (BZ) of the dentist, (2) edge of the dental operatory room approximately 0.9 m away from the mannequin mouth, and (3) hallway supply cabinet located approximately 1.5 m away from the mannequin mouth. Respirable and thoracic mass concentrations measured during each procedure were compared with background concentrations measured in each respective location. Use of System A or HVE reduced thoracic (System A) and respirable (HVE) mass concentrations near the dentist’s BZ to median background concentrations most often during the ultrasonic scaling procedure. During the crown preparation, use of System B or HVE reduced thoracic (System B) and respirable (HVE or System B) near the dentist’s BZ to median background concentrations most often. Although some differences in efficacy were noted during each procedure and aerosol size fraction, the difference in median mass concentrations among evacuation systems was minimal, ranging from 0.01 to 1.48 µg/m3 across both procedures and aerosol size fractions.
Perspectives on the mathematics of biological patterning and morphogenesis
Creators: name: Garikipati, Krishna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cell Behavior (q-bio.CB)
subject: Tissues and Organs (q-bio.TO)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: A central question in developmental biology is how size and position are determined. The genetic code carries instructions on how to control these properties in order to regulate the pattern and morphology of structures in the developing organism. Transcription and protein translation mechanisms implement these instructions. However, this cannot happen without some manner of sampling of epigenetic information on the current patterns and morphological forms of structures in the organism. Any rigorous description of space- and time-varying patterns and morphological forms reduces to one among various classes of spatio-temporal partial differential equations. Reaction-transport equations represent one such class. Starting from simple Fickian diffusion, the incorporation of reaction, phase segregation and advection terms can represent many of the patterns seen in the animal and plant kingdoms. Morphological form, requiring the development of three-dimensional structure, also can be represented by these equations of mass transport, albeit to a limited degree. The recognition that physical forces play controlling roles in shaping tissues leads to the conclusion that (nonlinear) elasticity governs the development of morphological form. In this setting, inhomogeneous growth drives the elasticity problem. The combination of reaction-transport equations with those of elasto-growth makes accessible a potentially unlimited spectrum of patterning and morphogenetic phenomena in developmental biology. This perspective communication is a survey of the partial differential equations of mathematical physics that have been proposed to govern patterning and morphogenesis in developmental biology. Several numerical examples are included to illustrate these equations and the corresponding physics, with the intention of providing physical insight wherever possible.
description: 35 pages, 17 figures. For supplementary movies, see the version published in J. Mech Phys Solids (below)
Improving Segmentation and Detection of Lesions in CT Scans Using Intensity Distribution Supervision
Creators: name: Shin, Seung Yeon
name: Shen, Thomas C.
name: Summers, Ronald M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose a method to incorporate the intensity information of a target lesion on CT scans in training segmentation and detection networks. We first build an intensity-based lesion probability (ILP) function from an intensity histogram of the target lesion. It is used to compute the probability of being the lesion for each voxel based on its intensity. Finally, the computed ILP map of each input CT scan is provided as additional supervision for network training, which aims to inform the network about possible lesion locations in terms of intensity values at no additional labeling cost. The method was applied to improve the segmentation of three different lesion types, namely, small bowel carcinoid tumor, kidney tumor, and lung nodule. The effectiveness of the proposed method on a detection task was also investigated. We observed improvements of 41.3% -> 47.8%, 74.2% -> 76.0%, and 26.4% -> 32.7% in segmenting small bowel carcinoid tumor, kidney tumor, and lung nodule, respectively, in terms of per case Dice scores. An improvement of 64.6% -> 75.5% was achieved in detecting kidney tumors in terms of average precision. The results of different usages of the ILP map and the effect of varied amount of training data are also presented.
description: Computerized Medical Imaging and Graphics 2023
Synthesis of Strategies Using the Hoare Logic of Angelic and Demonic Nondeterminism
Creators: name: Mamouras, Konstantinos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.3.1; F.3.3

description: We study a propositional variant of Hoare logic that can be used for reasoning about programs that exhibit both angelic and demonic nondeterminism. We work in an uninterpreted setting, where the meaning of the atomic actions is specified axiomatically using hypotheses of a certain form. Our logical formalism is entirely compositional and it subsumes the non-compositional formalism of safety games on finite graphs. We present sound and complete Hoare-style calculi that are useful for establishing partial-correctness assertions, as well as for synthesizing implementations. The computational complexity of the Hoare theory of dual nondeterminism is investigated using operational models, and it is shown that the theory is complete for exponential time.