Jogoya alucia Anker 2023, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Anker, Arthur
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Malacostraca
Decapoda
Stenopodidae
Jogoya
Jogoya alucia

description: Jogoya alucia sp. nov.
(Figs. 1–4)
Type material. Holotype: female, pocl 6.45 mm, cl 9.20 mm, FLMNH UF 53379, Bahamas, south of Eleuthera, “ Deep Creek, Deals Point [seafloor localities], 24.253 -76.193 [= 24°15’10.8”N 76°11’34.8”W], RV Alucia (OceanX), MUV Triton, depth: 917 m, 28 June 2019 (BEMM-0176, EMM_003).
Additional material. 1 ovigerous female, pocl 8.5 mm, cl 9.4 mm, HBOM, Bahamas, off Andros, 3.8 km east of Stamyard Rock, RV Johnson Seward, Johnson Sea-Link II, dive JSL-II-1500, 24°52.1’N 77°50.8’W, depth: 833.8 m, submarine manipulator, on holothurian Amphigymnas bahamensis, 27 May 1990 (label ambiguous: J.E. Miller, 24–31 May 1990, EtOH, photographed in situ, 1829 & BA-X-87-L-8 / G. Hebler, 19 October 1987, EtOH, see below); 1 female, pocl 8.8 mm, cl 9.0 mm, FLMNH UF 71145, Anguilla, 10 km west of Dog Island, RV Oregon II, sta. 10834, trawl, depth: 688 m, 18°18’N 63°23’W, 16 December 1969 [both specimens examined by J. W. Goy].
Description. Rostrum (Fig. 1A–D) 0.45 length of carapace, slender, slightly descending in lateral view, proximally widening in dorsal view, without supraorbital eave; tip acute, reaching half-length of antennal scaphocerite and beyond end of antennular peduncle; dorsal margin armed with 11 small, anteriorly directed, almost equidistant, acute or subacute teeth; posterior-most tooth in form of smoothly rising, blunt, abruptly ending crest, situated well posterior to level of posterior orbital margin, slightly more distant from second posterior-most tooth, latter at level of posterior orbital margin; anterior-most tooth at some distance from tip; ventral margin with 2 small, anteriorly directed, acute teeth subdistally; lateral carinae of rostrum distinct, unarmed.
Carapace (Fig. 1A–D) subcylindrical, not markedly compressed or depressed; orbital margin gently concave, with rounded, slightly protruding, inferior orbital angle; antennal spine very stout, acuminate; anterolateral and pterygostomial margins continuous, with several spines, largest of them probably representing branchiostegial spine in marginal position; supra-orbital spine prominent, sharp; hepatic spine prominent, sharp, in post-antennal position; cervical groove deep; adjacent cervical cincture armed on each side with 10 very prominent, anteriorly directed spines; dorsal-most spines smaller and slightly upturned; rest of carapace smooth, unarmed.
Thoracic sternum (Fig. 1E) with sternites 3 and 4 each with medially jointed pair of slender, spine-like processes; fifth and sixth sternites each with medially jointed pair of slender to moderately broad, lamellar processes, each with acute distolateral point; seventh sternite with broadly subrectangular, medially largely fused plates.
Pleon (Fig. 1F–I) feebly sculptured; sternites of pleonites 3–5 each with strong median process, these processes somewhat increasing in size from 3 rd to 5 th. Pleonite 1 short, smooth; pleuron ventrally subacutely protruding; pleonites 2–5 largely smooth, 2 nd and 3 rd faintly subdivided by transverse ridge, posteroventral margin of each pleuron armed with 2 small, subacute or blunt teeth; pleonite 6 about 1.4 times as long as pleonite 5 (measured along mid-dorsal line), with short transverse constriction proximally, acutely produced posteroventrally, with blunt lobe on posterior margin; lateral surface unarmed.
Telson (Fig. 1J) somewhat lanceolate, narrow, distinctly constricted near base, strongly tapering distally, about 2.7 times as long as maximal width; dorsal surface with shallow median groove flanked by smooth dorsolateral carinae each bearing, in its anterior half and near telson mid-length, 1 or 2 moderately sized, posteriorly directed spine(s); lateral margins each armed with 1 prominent spine at about mid-length of telson; posterior margin narrow, about 0.25 of length of anterior margin, slightly rounded, without median spine, armed with 2 small spines, one at each posterolateral angle.
Eyes (Fig. 1B–D, K) well developed; cornea hemispherical, with pale pigmentation; eyestalk armed with several spines on dorsal, anterior and ventrolateral surface, most prominent spines situated on anterodorsal surface near corneal base. Epistome (Fig. 1L) with 2 small, anteriorly pointing processes on each side.
Antennular peduncle (Fig. 1B–D, M) not reaching mid-length of antennal scaphocerite; 1 st article longer than distal 2 articles combined, armed with 1 small spine on ventral surface; stylocerite very small, blunt; 2 nd and 3 rd articles armed, 3 rd article smallest; both flagella well developed, not particularly setose. Antenna (Fig. 1B–D, M) with stout basicerite, its ventromesial and distodorsal margins armed with 1 and 2 spine(s), respectively; additional spinules present on distolateral margin of basicerite; scaphocerite long, narrow, about 3.8 times longer than greatest width; lateral margin almost straight, entire, not serrated; distolateral tooth narrow, reaching far beyond narrow distal margin of blade; carpocerite very short, barely reaching 0.25 length of scaphocerite, armed with distolateral spinule; flagellum long, moderately robust, not particularly setose.
Mandible (fig. 2A–C) robust; palp composed of 3 articles; proximal article somewhat elongate; intermediate article subequal to distal article in length, excavated ventrally, distally and ventrally with row of setae; distal article of palp more or less oval-shaped, covered with setae; molar and incisor processes largely fused; incisor process distally with few low, obtuse teeth; molar process reduced. Maxillule (Fig. 2D) overall stout; endopod (palp) simple, furnished with setae, mostly distally; coxal endite suboval, with row of setae along rounded distal margin; basial endite about same size as coxal endite, truncate distally, with row of stouter spine-like setae and slenderer normal setae. Maxilla (Fig. 2E) with endopod (palp) slender, distal fifth demarcated by subtle suture; both coxal and basial endites bilobed; scaphognathite well developed, narrow, with long, distally rounded dorsal (anterior) lobe and short, subtriangular, distally widening ventral (posterior) lobe. Maxilliped 1 (Fig. 2F) with well-developed, 3-articulated endopod (palp); proximal article 1.3 times as long as intermediate article, latter fringed with long plumose setae, distal article slenderest, half as long as intermediate; coxal endite subtly bilobed; basial endite large, subtriangular, with concave distal margin; exopod with well-developed, long flagellum; epipod large, narrow, bilobed. Maxilliped 2 (Fig. 2G, H) with coxa demarcated; epipod slender, with well-developed, lamellate podobranch; endopod normal; ischium and basis incompletely fused, separated by suture; merus elongate, rectangular; carpus subtriangular; propodus and dactylus about same length, latter tapering distally and furnished with slender, curved, spine-like setae distally; exopod with well-developed, long flagellum; arthrobranch small.
Maxilliped 3 (Fig. 2I) overreaching tip of antennal scale by combined length of dactylus, propodus and half of carpus, with more or less dense setation on ventral surface or margins of all articles; coxa with stout ventral process and finger-shaped epipod; basis short, much wider than long; ischium compressed, with stout distodorsal spine and ventromesial margin armed with well-spaced, stout, movable spines; merus somewhat twisted, slightly shorter than ischium, armed with several stout spines on dorsal margin, including 2 more prominent spines, 1 at about mid-length of article and 1 on its distodorsal margin; ventrolateral margin with 2 movable spines; carpus and propodus subequal in length, unarmed, propodus slenderer; dactylus 0.8 length of propodus, tapering distally; arthrobranch small.
Pereiopod 1 (Fig. 3A, B) moderately slender, relatively short, unarmed; ischium ~0.7 length of merus; merus ~0.8 length of carpus; carpus slightly widening distally, about 1.5 times as long as chela; carpo-propodal setiferous organ (grooming apparatus) moderately developed; palm subcylindrical; dactylus and pollex subequal in length, 0.8 length of chela, both with unarmed cutting edges. Pereiopod 2 (Fig. 3C) longer than first pereopod by full length of chela, unarmed; ischium ~0.6 length of merus; merus ~0.7 length of carpus; carpus slightly widening distally, about twice as long as chela; palm subcylindrical; dactylus and pollex subequal in length, 0.7 length of chela, both with unarmed cutting edges.
Pereiopods 3 (Figs. 3D–F, 4) subequal in size and similar in shape between right and left, moderately long and stout; ischium 0.8 length of merus (measured along dorsal margin), armed with 2 stout spines on distal third of dorsal margin, distal-most spine strongest; merus about same length as carpus; dorsal and ventrolateral margins each armed with 3 widely spaced, stout spines, most-distal ones strongest; carpus distinctly widening distally, more than 3 times as long as distal width, slightly shorter than palm of chela; dorsal margin armed with 2 stout spines, 1 subdistal and 1 distal; lateral surface with 3 similarly stout spines and 2 small distolateral spines; ventral surface with 1 stout spine at mid-length of article; mesial surface with 1 strong sharp spine distally; chela moderately swollen, about as long as length of ischium and merus combined, compressed; palm about 2.2 times as long as greatest height (width), with smooth longitudinal ridge on dorsolateral surface; dorsal margin with series of strong, sharp, anteriorly pointing teeth; ventral margin rugose, with some small blunt teeth and short movable spinules; mesial surface patchily covered with small subacute teeth or tubercles, especially closer to dorsal and ventral margins; fingers subequal in length, with fingertips crossing distally; pollex with ventral margin almost smooth; cutting edge of pollex armed with 1 large, distally truncate tooth proximally, and with deep hiatus between this tooth and midlength; dactylus with 1 medium-sized, sharp tooth on proximal third of dorsal margin; cutting edge of dactylus with 1 prominent tooth near mid-length, fitting into deep hiatus on opposed margin of pollex.
Pereiopods 4 and 5 (Fig. 3G–I) similar in shape and length, long, moderately stout; ischium 0.5–0.6 length of merus; merus about 0.8 length of carpus, entire; carpus about 1.7 as long as propodus, inconspicuously divided into 2 subarticles, distoventral margin of distal subarticle with 1 movable spinule; propodus divided into 2 subarticles, each armed with 3 or 4 small movable spines on ventral margin; distal surface with tufts or rows of long stuff setae; dactylus compressed laterally, about 0.3 length of propodus length, stout, strongly biunguiculate, with secondary unguis as long as or slightly longer than main unguis.
Pleopod 1 (Fig. 3J) uniramous, shorter than other pleopods. Pleopods 2–5 (Fig. 3K) biramous, without appendices internae; protopod with subacute tooth on mesial margin. Uropod (Fig. 1N) with simple, distally acute protopod; exopod relatively broad, not overreaching distal margins of telson or endopod; lateral margin distinctly convex, serrated, with row of 6 subacute teeth; distolateral angle formed by most-posterior tooth of lateral serration; distal margin somewhat truncate, broadly rounded; dorsal surface with 2 parallel-running, smooth, longitudinal carinae, without spines; endopod narrower than exopod, more tapering distally; lateral margin unarmed; distal margin rounded, unarmed; dorsal surface with 2 longitudinal carinae, without spines.
Gill/exopod formula as given in Table 1 below.
Eggs (present in one of non-type females, HBOM) few, about 10, very large; diameter of 1 measured egg: 1.07 x 1.24 mm.
Colour pattern. Body mostly semi-transparent white; pleonite 1 with 2 reddish transverse bands, 1 along anterior margin and 1 along posterior margin; pereiopods 3 with reddish tinge on merus, chela and carpus, more intense on carpus; mouthparts reddish; eyes bright golden-orange; internal organs (brain?) under postrostral area of carapace bright red (Fig. 4).
Etymology. The new species is named after the research vessel Alucia of OceanX, the mother ship of the MUV Triton, which was used to collect the holotype; used as a noun in apposition.
Distribution. Presently known only from the Bahamas (south of Eleuthera and east of Andros) and Anguilla.
Ecology. The holotype was collected at a depth of 917 m, without notes on the habitat or possible association with another organism. The two non-types specimens were collected at depths of 688 m and 833.8 m, respectively, in the latter case possibly with the holothurian Amphigymnas bahamensis Deichmann, 1930 (see also below).
Remarks. The holotype specimen of Jogoya alucia sp. nov., which appears to have been complete shortly after its collection (Fig. 4), was subsequently subsampled in a very inappropriate manner by cutting off the right third pereiopod at the base of the merus, with only the coxa, basis, ischium and a small portion of the damaged merus remaining on the specimen. The third pereiopods, which are sometimes unequal in size and slightly asymmetrical in shape, possess many diagnostic features that are important in taxonomy of stenopodidean shrimps and should never be removed. Nevertheless, the photograph of the living shrimp (Fig. 4) suggests that the right third pereiopod is generally similar to the left one, except perhaps for the slightly smaller size.
The new species can be easily distinguished from its only congener, J. foresti, by a series of morphological characters, such as the carapace without a post-cervical cincture armed with strong spines (vs. with a heavily armed post-cervical cincture in J. foresti); the dorsal margin of the telson armed with some spines (vs. unarmed in J. foresti); the lateral margin of the antennal scaphocerite unarmed (vs. obtusely serrated in J. foresti); the first pleonite ventrally produced, subacute (vs. blunt in J. foresti); the sixth pleonite unarmed (vs. armed with a small spine on the anterolateral surface in J. foresti); the third maxilliped ischium with small movable spinules on the ventral margin (vs. unarmed in J. foresti, to be confirmed); and the dactyli of the fourth and fifth pereiopods with two elongate, acute ungui (vs.with stouter and more subacute ungui in J. foresti) (Figs 1–3; Hendrickx 2002: figs. 1–3). The two species also have very different colour patterns (Fig. 4; Hendrickx & Ayon-Parente 2014: fig. 5; see also below).
The colour pattern of J. alucia sp. nov. generally resembles that of O. spongicola (Chan et al. 2021: fig. 5D; Chen & Chan 2021a: fig. 1), Richardina fredericii Lo Bianco, 1903 (Lo Bianco 1903: pl. 7, fig. 7) and R. spinicincta (Poupin & Corbari 2016: fig. 5a), especially in having red cephalic area, red or reddish mouthparts and transverse red banding on the pleon. However, in J. alucia sp. nov., the red bands are present only on the first pleonite, whereas in O. spongicola, R. spinicincta and R. fredericii, the entire pleon is decorated with bright red bands. These colour pattern types are markedly different from the colour pattern of J. foresti, which is almost entirely red, with chelae gradually whitening from about proximal third of the palm (Hendrickx & Ayon-Parente 2014: fig. 5).
One of the non-type specimens was apparently collected with a submersible manipulator on the holothurian Amphigymnas bahamensis, a large species (total length up to 30 cm) with numerous papillae, known from North Carolina and the Bahamas to the western Gulf of Mexico at a depth range of about 400–900 m (Pawson et al. 2015). The exact nature of possible association of J. alucia sp. nov. with A. bahamensis is currently unknown, but may well be only incidental or even an artifact of sampling or labelling [Johnson Sea Link dive JSL-II-1500 must have happened well before 1990 according to the dates available for JSL-1495 and JSL-1503, see Miller & Pawson (1989), confirmed by Karen Urbec and Audrey A. Mickle (Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute), pers. comm.]. Nevertheless, some deep-water squat-lobsters were observed in situ on holothurians, whereas numerous deepwater decapods are known to associate with other deep-water sea echinoderms, especially crinoids and echinoids (e.g., Rice & Miller 1991; Fransen 2014; Anker & Corbari 2020 and references therein). The general morphology and colouration of J. alucia sp. nov. are rather in favour of this species’ association with a hexactinellid sponge. Hexactinellida is indeed the main host group for most symbiotic stenopodidean shrimps (e.g., Saito & Takeda 2003; Kou et al. 2018, Saito & Komai 2008, Xu et al. 2017), including O. spongicola and some species of Richardina (Saito et al. 2017; Saito & Komatsu 2009). However, several species of Odontozona (s. lat.) are associated with other animals, such as shallow-water crinoids and deep-water hard corals (Saito & Fujita 2009; Goy & Cardoso 2014), and therefore, a permanent or facultative association of J. alucia sp. nov. with a deep-water sea cucumber cannot be totally excluded.
description: Published as part of Anker, Arthur, 2023, Description of a new genus and new species of deep-water stenopodid shrimp from the western Atlantic, with remarks on Odontozona Holthuis, 1946 and Richardina A. Milne-Edwards, 1881 (Decapoda: Stenopodidea), pp. 93-106 in Zootaxa 5263 (1) on pages 96-103, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5263.1.5, http://zenodo.org/record/7797863