cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
An in vivo permeability test protocol using iohexol to reduce and refine the use of laboratory rats in intestinal damage assessment
Creators: name: Frias, R
name: Ouwehand, A C
name: Jaakkola, U-M
name: Spillmann, T
name: Gueimonde, M
Publisher: name: Scandinavian Journal of Laboratory Animal Sciences
Year: 2015

description: Assessment of intestinal damage in laboratory rats with experimentally-induced enteropathies is usually carried out by collecting and morphological interpreting tissue samples obtained surgically, endoscopically or at necropsy. Alternatively, changes in the gut mucosa may be less invasively evaluated with intestinal permeability (IP) tests. In contrast to human and veterinary patients, IP test protocols in laboratory rats have been highly variable, which may account for the limited use of this approach by investigators when evaluating intestinal damage. The objective of this study was to establish a refined IP test protocol using iohexol in rats that is able to differentiate between healthy rats and individuals with enteropathies. Iohexol was administered by oral gavage to twenty-eight Sprague-Dawley rats, before and after the induction of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) with dextran sulphate sodium (DSS). Urine was cumulatively recovered during 24 h, and the presence of iohexol was measured by high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection. The median percentage (and interquartile range) of administered iohexol in urine of healthy rats was 0.54% (0.36
description: Scandinavian Journal of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Vol. 40 (2014)
Additional file 1 of Defining phenotypes of long-term lithium and valproate response, including combination therapy: a modified application of the Alda scale in patients with bipolar disorders
Creators: name: Jinyoung Lee
name: Baek, Ji Hyun
name: Dongbin Lee
name: Ahn, Sung Woo
name: So-Yung Yang
name: Choi, Yujin
name: Bahk, Yong Chun
name: Hong, Kyung Sue
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Correlation between the evaluation tools of long-term treatment response. Table S2. Symptom profiles and long-term treatment response in bipolar disorder patients: Results of simple regression analyses using the total Alda score as a dependent variable.
Neutrino self-interaction and MSW effects on the supernova neutrino-process
Creators: name: Ko, Heamin
name: Cheoun, Myung-Ki
name: Ha, Eunja
name: Kusakabe, Motohiko
name: Hayakawa, Takehito
name: Sasaki, Hirokazu
name: Kajino, Toshitaka
name: Hashimoto, Masa-aki
name: Ono, Masaomi
name: Usang, Mark D.
name: Chiba, Satoshi
name: Nakamura, Ko
name: Tolstov, Alexey
name: Nomoto, Ken'ichi
name: Kawano, Toshihiko
name: Mathews, Grant J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the abundances of $^{7}$Li, $^{11}$B, $^{92}$Nb, $^{98}$Tc, $^{138}$La, and $^{180}$Ta produced by neutrino $(ν)$ induced reactions in a core-collapse supernova explosion. We consider the modification by $ν$ self-interaction ($ν$-SI) near the neutrinosphere and the Mikheyev-Smirnov-Wolfenstein effect in outer layers for time-dependent neutrino energy spectra. Abundances of $^{7}$Li and heavy isotopes $^{92}$Nb, $^{98}$Tc and $^{138}$La are reduced by a factor of 1.5-2.0 by the $ν$-SI. In contrast, $^{11}$B is relatively insensitive to the $ν$-SI. We find that the abundance ratio of heavy to light nucleus, $^{138}$La/$^{11}$B, is sensitive to the neutrino mass hierarchy, and the normal mass hierarchy is more likely to be consistent with the solar abundances.
A self-consistent value of the electric radius of the proton from the Lamb shift in muonic hydrogen
Creators: name: Karshenboim, Savely G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently a high-precision measurement of the Lamb shift in muonic hydrogen has been performed. An accurate value of the proton charge radius can be extracted from this datum with a high accuracy. To do that a sufficient accuracy should be achieved also on the theoretical side, including an appropriate treatment of higher-order proton-structure effects. Here we consider a higher-order contribution of the finite size of the proton to the Lamb shift in muonic hydrogen. Only model-dependent results for this correction have been known up to date. Meantime, the involved models are not consistent either with the existing experimental data on the electron-proton scattering or with the value for the electric charge radius of the proton extracted from the Lamb shift in muonic hydrogen. We consider the higher-order contribution of the proton finite size in a model-independent way and eventually derive a self-consistent value of the electric radius of the proton. The re-evaluated value of the proton charge radius is found to be R_E=0.84022(56) fm.
The Convergence of Finite-Averaging of AIMD for Distributed Heterogeneous Resource Allocations
Creators: name: Alam, Syed Eqbal
name: Wirth, Fabian
name: Yu, Jia Yuan
name: Shorten, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: In several social choice problems, agents collectively make decisions over the allocation of multiple divisible and heterogeneous resources with capacity constraints to maximize utilitarian social welfare. The agents are constrained through computational or communication resources or privacy considerations. In this paper, we analyze the convergence of a recently proposed distributed solution that allocates such resources to agents with minimal communication. It is based on the randomized additive-increase and multiplicative-decrease (AIMD) algorithm. The agents are not required to exchange information with each other, but little with a central agent that keeps track of the aggregate resource allocated at a time. We formulate the time-averaged allocations over finite window size and model the system as a Markov chain with place-dependent probabilities. Furthermore, we show that the time-averaged allocations vector converges to a unique invariant measure, and also, the ergodic property holds.
RNA-based regulation: dynamics and response to perturbations of competing RNAs
Creators: name: Figliuzzi, Matteo
name: De Martino, Andrea
name: Marinari, Enzo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Genomics (q-bio.GN)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The observation that, through a titration mechanism, microRNAs (miRNAs) can act as mediators of effective interactions among their common targets (competing endogenous RNAs or ceRNAs) has brought forward the idea ('ceRNA hypothesis') that RNAs can regulate each other in extended 'cross-talk' networks. Such an ability might play a major role in post-transcriptional regulation (PTR) in shaping a cell's protein repertoire. Recent work focusing on the emergent properties of the cross-talk networks has emphasized the high flexibility and selectivity that may be achieved at stationarity. On the other hand, dynamical aspects, possibly crucial on the relevant time scales, are far less clear. We have carried out a dynamical study of the ceRNA hypothesis on a model of PTR. Sensitivity analysis shows that ceRNA cross-talk is dynamically extended, i.e. it may take place on time scales shorter than those required to achieve stationairity even in cases where no cross-talk occurs in the steady state, and is possibly amplified. Besides, in case of large, transfection-like perturbations the system may develop strongly non-linear, threshold response. Finally, we show that the ceRNA effect provides a very efficient way for a cell to achieve fast positive shifts in the level of a ceRNA when necessary. These results indicate that competition for miRNAs may indeed provide an elementary mechanism to achieve system-level regulatory effects on the transcriptome over physiologically relevant time scales.
description: Main text: 10 pages, 13 figures. Supporting Text: 3 pages, 6 figures
FATIGUE ANALYSIS OF AALRT BOLTED RAIL JOINT
Creators: name: JEMIL DEGIFE
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015

description: The goal of this study is analyzing and identifying the stresses on bolted rail joint due to the

wheel load to predict and minimize failures caused. The three dimensional model has been

developed on modeling package of CATIAV5R16. In CATIAV5R16, different components of

wheel/rail assembly i.e. wheel, rail, joint, bars, nuts, bolts are created separately then all

components are assembled, and create a complete model of wheel/rail assembly. Assembly

model has created in assemble workbench of CATIA after individual component of joint had

created on part work bench. After the assembly is accomplished on CATIA, it was imported in to

the ANSYS v14.5 to analyze the stress caused by vertical load. The material properties of the rail

and wheel are assumed to be same. All the material properties and boundary conditions are being

applied to estimate fatigue stress.
Far detuned mid-infrared frequency conversion via normal dispersion modulation instability in chalcogenide microwire
Creators: name: Godin, Thomas
name: Combes, Yves
name: Ahmad, Raja
name: Rochette, Martin
name: Sylvestre, Thibaut
name: Dudley, John M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the observation of modulation instability in the mid-infrared spectral region by pumping a hybrid polymer-chalcogenide optical microwire with a femtosecond optical parametric oscillator operating at 2.6 μm. It is further shown that this modulation instability occurs in the normal dispersion regime through negative fourth-order dispersion and leads to far detuned parametric frequency conversion at 2 μm and 3.5 μm, despite the presence of a strong absorption band around 2.8 μm. Stochastic nonlinear Schrödinger equation simulations of mid-infrared modulation instability are in excellent agreement with experiments.
Type of Anesthesia Influences Positron Emission Tomography Measurements of Dopamine D2/3 Receptor Binding in the Rat Brain
Creators: name: Olsen Alstrup, Aage Kristian
name: Simonsen, Mette
name: Landau, Anne M
Publisher: name: Scandinavian Journal of Laboratory Animal Sciences
Year: 2014

description: Rats are often anesthetized prior to positron emission tomography (PET) brain imaging in order to prevent head movements. Anesthesia can be administered by inhalation agents, such as isoflurane (Forene), or injection mixtures, such as fentanyl-fluanisone-midazolam (Hypnorm-Dormicum). Unfortunately, anesthesia affects a variety of physiological variables, including those in the brain. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of inhalation and injection anesthesia on the binding potential of the dopaminergic D2/3 tracer [11C]raclopride used for PET brain imaging in human and animal studies. Male Lewis rats were assigned to either inhalation (isoflurane; N=4) or injection (fentanyl-fluanisone-midazolam; N=5) anesthesia. Isoflurane was given continuously, and fentanyl-fluanisone-midazolam was supplemented every 30-60 minutes when the tail reflex was positive. Catheters were surgically placed in femoral arteries and veins for blood sampling and tracer injection. After a short attenuation scan, the rats were PET scanned for 90 minutes after injection of [11C]raclopride. We found that rats anesthetized with isoflurane had double the binding potential in the striatum compared with fentanyl-fluanisone-midazolam anesthetized rats. Our results are in agreement with other studies showing that anesthesia may have a major influence on brain imaging studies involving tracer kinetics in rats.
description: Scandinavian Journal of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Vol 38, No 3 (2011)
High Efficacy of Combined Albendazole and Ivermectin Treatment Against Gastrointestinal Nematodes in Vervet Monkeys and Baboons
Creators: name: Kagilra, J M
name: Oluoch, G
name: Watitu, K
name: Maingi, N
name: Ngotho, M
Publisher: name: Scandinavian Journal of Laboratory Animal Sciences
Year: 2014

description: Conventional treatment that eliminates other gastrointestinal nematodes has failed to show adequate efficacy against Trichuris trichura in non-human primates (NHPs). We investigated the efficacy of albendazole and ivermectin against natural infestation of nematodes in non human primates. 18 vervet monkeys (Chlorocebus aethiops) and 21 baboons (Papio anubis) were divided into three treatment groups comprising of 6 vervets and 7 baboons per group. Albendazole (ABZ, 7.5mg/kg) was administered orally, and ivermectin (IVM, 300μg/kg) subcutaneously, each for three consecutive days. Group I animals were treated with a combination of albendazole and ivermectin, Group II ABZ alone, while Group III animals were treated with IVM alone. Faecal samples were collected at 0, 7, 14 and 28 days post treatment (dpt) and analysed for the presence of faecal eggs using the McMaster and formol ether acetyl (FEA) methods. Faecal egg count reduction percentage (FECR (%)) and cure rate (CR (%) i.e. percentage of faecal egg negative individuals after treatment) were used to determine the efficacy of the treatment regimens. The FEA method was found to be a more sensitive assessment method than the McMaster technique. When both methods were used the helminths observed included Trichuris trichura (100% in both NHPs) and strongyles (29.4% in vervets and 28.6% in baboons). In vervets, the FECR of T. trichura at 28 dpt was 100% (Group I), 75% (Group II) and 0% (Group III) while the CR (at the same time point) was 100% (Group I), 60% (Group II) and 0% (Group III). In baboons, the FECR% and CR% of T. trichura at 28dpt, for groups I, II, III was 100%, 100%, 0%, respectively. All the three drug regimens were curative (100%) of strongyles at 28 dpt. It is concluded that a combined ivermectin and albendazole treatment for 3 days is effective in treating T. trichura and strongyles infections in vervet monkeys and baboons. Further trials should be conducted using a bigger sample size as well as in other primates including humans.
description: Scandinavian Journal of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Vol 38, No 3 (2011)
KLR and Schur algebras for curves and semi-cuspidal representations
Creators: name: Maksimau, Ruslan
name: Minets, Alexandre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Given a smooth curve $C$, we define and study analogues of KLR algebras and quiver Schur algebras, where quiver representations are replaced by torsion sheaves on $C$. In particular, they provide a geometric realization for certain affinized symmetric algebras. When $C=\mathbb P^1$, a version of curve Schur algebra turns out to be Morita equivalent to the imaginary semi-cuspidal category of the Kronecker quiver in any characteristic. As a consequence, we argue that one should not expect to have a reasonable theory of parity sheaves for affine quivers.
description: 51 pages
Modulational instability in dispersion oscillating fiber ring cavities
Creators: name: Conforti, Matteo
name: Mussot, Arnaud
name: Kudlinski, Alexandre
name: Trillo, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the use of a dispersion oscillating fiber in passive cavities significantly extend modulational instability to novel high-frequency bands, which also destabilize the branches of the steady response which are stable with homogeneous dispersion. By means of Floquet theory, we obtain exact explicit expression for the sideband gain, and a simple analytical estimate for the frequencies of maximum gain. Numerical simulations show that stable stationary trains of pulses can be excited in the cavity.
The Impact of TGF-ß, GM-CSF and Antibody Response for Diagnosis as well as Etiopathology of Lyme Disease
Creators: name: Schumann, Julia
name: Blessing, Manfred
Publisher: name: Scandinavian Journal of Laboratory Animal Sciences
Year: 2014

description: In this study the pathogenesis of lyme disease was investigated in vivo by means of the wild-type mouse strains C3H/HeN and FVB/N as well as transgenic mouse strains, which are tissue specific modulated in their TGF-ß or GM-CSF (granulocyte-monocyte colony stimulating factor) activity and sensitivity. The mice were infected intradermally with B. burgdorferi. Progression of lyme disease was monitored using a number of diagnostic tests (recultivation of borrelia from tissue, ELISA, Western blot, histologic analysis). The study confirms the mouse strain FVB/N WT (wild type) to be susceptible to B. burgdorferi infections and that this represents a suitable in vivo model for investigations concerning the progression of a B. burgdorferi infection. We further demonstrate transgenic modification of TGF-ß or GM-CSF activity, and sensitivity in T cells and epithelium respectively, do not affect the pathogenesis of lyme disease. Our data show a positive linear correlation between antibody response and the severity of arthritic processes due to B. burgdorferi infection. Determination of the increase in antibody titer in sera of infected organisms therefore might be a useful tool to predict the progression of inflammatory processes in the course of lyme disease.
description: Scandinavian Journal of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Vol 38, No 3 (2011)
EXAMINATION OF THE LEGAL AND IMPLICATIONS OF POLICE BRUTALITY
Creators: name: Abidogun, Moruf Adebayo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 440211
subject: Police administration, procedures and practice

description: The use of force by police officers has become a subject of intense scrutiny in recent years due to numerous incidents of police brutality. This research aims to analyze the legal and ethical implications of police brutality and examine the factors that contribute to its occurrence. The study explores the complex intersection between legal standards, ethical considerations, and the social impact of police brutality.This research provides an in-depth understanding of the legal framework governing police use of force. It examines relevant legislation, case law, and guidelines that establish the boundaries and standards for the use of force by law enforcement officers. The research also delves into the application and interpretation of these legal provisions in practice, identifying potential inconsistencies and challenges.Ethical considerations play a pivotal role in determining the appropriateness of police use of force. This study investigates the moral justifications and ethical principles that guide law enforcement officers in their decision-making process. It explores the notions of proportionality, necessity, and the duty to protect individual rights within the context of police encounters. By examining ethical dilemmas and conflicting moral values, the research sheds light on the complex nature of police brutality and its impact on societal trust in law enforcement.The consequences of police brutality extend beyond individual victims. It analyzes the impact of excessive force on communities and public trust in law enforcement. It examines the psychological, social, and emotional repercussions experienced by victims and their communities, highlighting the need for healing, accountability, and justice. The study also explores the erosion of public trust and the strained relationship between marginalized communities and the police, emphasizing the importance of restoring faith in law enforcement agencies.Furthermore, the research evaluates the mechanisms in place for police accountability. It examines existing systems, such as internal affairs investigations, civilian oversight boards, disciplinary procedures, criminal prosecutions, and civil litigation, to assess their effectiveness in addressing instances of excessive force. By identifying strengths and weaknesses in these mechanisms, recommend to propose reforms and best practices that can enhance police accountability, transparency, and public confidence.Therefore, by exploring the complexities surrounding this issue, the study recommend to inform policymakers, law enforcement agencies, and advocacy groups in their efforts to address police brutality, promote accountability, and foster a fair and just society.Keywords: Police Brutality and Use of Force.
F. Wiener's trick and an extremal problem for $H^p$
Creators: name: Brevig, Ole Fredrik
name: Grepstad, Sigrid
name: Instanes, Sarah May
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: For $0
description: This paper has been accepted for publication in Computational Methods and Function Theory
Factors Influencing the Number of Eggs Recovered from Rabbits Superovulated with FSH or PMSG: Analysis of Five Years of Data from 509 Rabbits
Creators: name: Kitajima, Shuji
name: Maeda, Tatsuhiro
name: Liu, Enqi
name: Nishijima, Kazutoshi
name: Morimoto, Masatoshi
name: Watanabe, Teruo
name: Fan, Jianglin
Publisher: name: Scandinavian Journal of Laboratory Animal Sciences
Year: 2014

description: To determine the best conditions for superovulation in rabbits, we analyzed the influence of age, season and hormone treatment on the numbers of eggs collected over five years from 509 rabbits aged 4–10 months using follicular stimulating hormone (FSH) or pregnant mare serum gonadotropin (PMSG) hormone stimulation. The number of eggs recovered was significantly higher in younger rabbits in both treated groups (P < 0.01–0.05). The number of eggs collected from rabbits treated with FSH were significantly higher than from rabbits treated with PMSG at all ages (P < 0.01). Seasonal differences were not observed in either hormone treatment group as they were maintained under constant temperature, humidity and light cycle through the year. Thus, younger rabbits are more sensitive to hormonal superovulation treatment with both FSH and PMSG, and FSH offers a better regimen for egg collection.
description: Scandinavian Journal of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Vol 38, No 3 (2011)
Central Pain Following a Collagenase-Induced Hematoma in the Basal Ganglia and Thalamus Can Be Reversed with Gabapentin
Creators: name: Roy, G
name: Orlando, H
name: Vachon, P
Publisher: name: Scandinavian Journal of Laboratory Animal Sciences
Year: 2014

description: The objective of this study was to evaluate pain sensitization in rats following the induction of an intracerebral haemorrhage located in the basal ganglia and/or thalamus using the Rosenberg model (intracerebral injection of collagenase). Thirty male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing between 175-300 g were used. In a first experiment, 3 groups of 6 animals were used to evaluate pain threshold using the Hargreaves test (thermal sensitivity). Following 3 days of behavioural testing (baseline values), animals in each group were injected intracerebrally either with 0.5, 1 or 2 μL of a collagenase solution (0.5 U/2 μL Type VII collagenase) which induced a hematoma in the right caudoputamen nucleus and/or thalamus. They were then tested for the next 9 consecutive days. No pain-related behavioural changes were observed following injections with 0.5 and 1 μL of collagenase. However with 2 μL, reaction times were significantly faster on days 3, 4, 5, 6 (p < 0.0001) and 7 (p < 0.006) in the right and left hind paws compared to baseline values. The lesion was localized only in the caudoputamen nucleus for animals receiving 0.5 and 1 μL of collagenase whereas lesions extended in the ipsilateral thalamic nuclei (lateral-dorsal and lateral-posterior nuclei) for animals receiving 2 μL of collagenase. In a second experiment, gabapentin reversed mechanical allodynia, evaluated with von Frey filaments, and hyperalgesia, evaluated with Hargreaves test, in rats (n=6) following a collagenase-induced (3 μL) hematoma. In conclusion, these preliminary results suggest that central pain was induced in rats with a collagenase-induced intracerebral haemorrhage localized in the caudoputamen nuclei most probably associated with lesions to the thalamus, and concurrent allodynia and hyperalgesia were reduced with gabapentin treatment.
description: Scandinavian Journal of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Vol 38, No 3 (2011)
Localized in-gap state in a single electron doped Mott insulator
Creators: name: Leong, Weng-Hang
name: Yu, Shun-Li
name: Xiang, T.
name: Li, Jian-Xin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by the recent atomic-scale scanning tunneling microscope (STM) observation for a spatially localized in-gap state in an electron doped Mott insulator, we evaluate the local electronic state of the Hubbard model on the square lattice using the cluster perturbation theory. An in-gap state is found to exist below the upper Hubbard band around the dopant lattice site, which is consistent with the STM measurements. The emergence of this local in-gap state is accompanied with a rapid reduction of the double occupancy of electrons. A similar in-gap state is also found to exist on the triangular lattice. These results suggest that the in-gap state is an inherent feature of Mott insulators independent of the lattice structure.
Additional file 2 of Extensive variability in the composition of immune infiltrate in different mouse models of cancer
Creators: name: Niemi, Virginia
name: Gaskarth, Douglas
name: Kemp, Roslyn A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 2. Table of flow cytometry antibodies
Characterizing finitely generated fields by a single field axiom
Creators: name: Dittmann, Philip
name: Pop, Florian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 12L99, 14G25

description: We resolve the strong Elementary Equivalence versus Isomorphism Problem for finitely generated fields. That is, we show that for every field in this class there is a first-order sentence which characterizes this field within the class up to isomorphism. Our solution is conditional on resolution of singularities in characteristic two and unconditional in all other characteristics.
description: final version
Effect of Body Weight Variation on Swimming Exercise Workload in Rats With Constant and Size-Adjusted Loads
Creators: name: Hohl, Rodrigo
name: Buscariolli De Oliveira, Renato
name: Ferraresso, Rodrigo Luiz Perroni
name: Brenzikofer, René
name: Vaz Macedo, Denise
Publisher: name: Scandinavian Journal of Laboratory Animal Sciences
Year: 2014

description: In swimming animal models, weights are added according to some percentage of body weight (%BW) or as a constant load (CL) to equalize the workload of each animal or to reduce the time in swimming-to-exhaustion endurance tests. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of body weight variation on swimming exercise workload through the reliability analysis of swimming-to-exhaustion endurance tests. We examined the reliability by comparing the mean time to exhaustion (TEx) in trials performed on the 30th, 60th, 90th, 120th and 150th days of life of Wistar rats using three %BW and CL workloads (4%, 6% and 8% and 7 g, 11 g and 15 g, respectively). We also examined the within-subject variation of TEx over three trials of a CL test (15 g) within one week (when variability in body weight is minimal). The rats’ body density was maintained during growth (mean (SD) 1.031 (0.026) g/ml – 1.026 (0.005) g/ml) despite their significant increase in body weight (mean(SD) 109.05(13.80) g - 442.92(29.39) g). Thus, the absolute loads in longitudinal %BW tests increased gradually, causing a decrease in TEx under all workloads. The CV confidence limits for TEx in CL tests showed high within subjects variation (17.1-111%) compared to the body weight variation (0.4-2.8%). We conclude that load adjustment based on %BW does not adequately equate to the workload between rats of different sizes. The methodology also showed high within-subject variation between trials (not related to body mass changes) that compromises the significance of small effects.
description: Scandinavian Journal of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Vol 38, No 3 (2011)
Additional file 1 of Extensive variability in the composition of immune infiltrate in different mouse models of cancer
Creators: name: Niemi, Virginia
name: Gaskarth, Douglas
name: Kemp, Roslyn A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 1. Table of flow cytometry antibodies
Hedging of Financial Derivative Contracts via Monte Carlo Tree Search
Creators: name: Szehr, Oleg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Pricing of Securities (q-fin.PR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: The construction of approximate replication strategies for pricing and hedging of derivative contracts in incomplete markets is a key problem of financial engineering. Recently Reinforcement Learning algorithms for hedging under realistic market conditions have attracted significant interest. While research in the derivatives area mostly focused on variations of $Q$-learning, in artificial intelligence Monte Carlo Tree Search is the recognized state-of-the-art method for various planning problems, such as the games of Hex, Chess, Go,... This article introduces Monte Carlo Tree Search as a method to solve the stochastic optimal control problem behind the pricing and hedging tasks. As compared to $Q$-learning it combines Reinforcement Learning with tree search techniques. As a consequence Monte Carlo Tree Search has higher sample efficiency, is less prone to over-fitting to specific market models and generally learns stronger policies faster. In our experiments we find that Monte Carlo Tree Search, being the world-champion in games like Chess and Go, is easily capable of maximizing the utility of investor's terminal wealth without setting up an auxiliary mathematical framework.
description: Corrected typos. Shorter Presentation. 15 pages, 5 figures
Refinement and Reduction Value of Aspen Furniture and Restricted Feeding of Rats in Conventional Cages
Creators: name: Kemppinen, Niina
name: Meller, Anna
name: Hau, Jann
name: Mauranen, Kari
name: Kohila, Tarja
name: Nevalainen, Timo
Publisher: name: Scandinavian Journal of Laboratory Animal Sciences
Year: 2014

description: This study evaluated the impact of aspen furniture on cardiovascular parameters, locomotor activity (LA) and faecal welfare indicators in rats. A total of 12 BN and 12 F344 male rats were group housed (n=3) in conventional cages. In this crossover study, responses of all rats to the following cage furniture items were investigated: two types of simple maze, a rectangular tube and a control with no cage furniture. In one of the two maze groups, the rats had to gnaw through wood in order to obtain food. The mean values of the LA in all groups and differences in mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate of the rats housed in the various furniture item groups were compared to the values of the rats housed in control cages with no furniture, on days two, six, ten and 14 in each period (both light and dark phases). The F344 rats were generally more active than the BN rats during the dark phase, but not during the light phase. Based on the MAP results, the tube appeared to be a poor choice for F344 rats, while for BN rats all furniture items seemed beneficial, with both board types apparently superior to the tube. In general, F344 rats had higher faecal corticosterone levels than BN rats with the reverse being true for secretory IgA values. In conclusion, LA and cardiovascular parameters seemed appropriate ways to evaluate the impact of cage furniture on physiological parameters, and covered structures such as tubes do not seem to provide any enrichment value in these two rat strains.
description: Scandinavian Journal of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Vol 39, No 1 (2012)
Quantum simulation of bosonic-fermionic non-interacting particles in disordered systems via quantum walk
Creators: name: De Nicola, Francesco
name: Sansoni, Linda
name: Crespi, Andrea
name: Ramponi, Roberta
name: Osellame, Roberto
name: Giovannetti, Vittorio
name: Fazio, Rosario
name: Mataloni, Paolo
name: Sciarrino, Fabio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the theoretical analysis of bosonic and fermionic non-interacting systems in a discrete two-particle quantum walk affected by different kinds of disorder. We considered up to 100-step QWs with a spatial, temporal and space-temporal disorder observing how the randomness and the wavefunction symmetry non-trivially affect the final spatial probability distribution, the transport properties and the Shannon entropy of the walkers.
description: 13 pages, 10 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1101.2638 by other authors
Additional file 5 of Extensive variability in the composition of immune infiltrate in different mouse models of cancer
Creators: name: Niemi, Virginia
name: Gaskarth, Douglas
name: Kemp, Roslyn A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 5. Alterations to ensure intracaecal surgery is performed in sterile conditions. The two main areas of optimisation that were addressed included the physical restraints of working in an enclosed biological safety cabinet and using sterile equipment.
The thermodynamic principle determining the interface temperature during phase change
Creators: name: Zhao, Tom Y.
name: Patankar, Neelesh A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: What is the interface temperature during phase transition (for instance, from liquid to vapor)? This question remains fundamentally unresolved. In the modeling of heat transfer problems with no phase change, the temperature and heat flux continuity conditions lead to the interface temperature. However, in problems with phase change, the heat flux condition is used to determine the amount of mass changing phase. This makes the interface temperature indeterminate unless an additional condition is imposed. A common approach in the modeling of boiling is to assume that the interface attains the saturation temperature according some measure of pressure at the interface. This assumption is usually applied even under highly non-equilibrium scenarios where significant temperature gradients and mass transport occur across the interface. In this work, an ab-initio thermodynamic principle is introduced based on the entropy production at the interface that fully specifies the associated temperature under non-equilibrium scenarios. Physically, the thermodynamic principle provides a theoretical limit on the space of possible phase change rates that can occur by associating the mass flux with a corresponding interfacial entropy production rate; a stronger statement is made that a system with sufficient degrees of freedom selects the maximum entropy production, giving the observed phase change rate and associated interface properties. This entropic principle captures experimental and computational values of the interface temperature that can deviate by over $50\%$ from the assumed saturation values. It also accounts for temperature jumps (discontinuities) at the interface whose difference can exceed 15 degrees Celcius. This thermodynamic principle is found to appropriately complete the phase change problem.
Entanglement growth in many-body localized systems with long-range interactions
Creators: name: Pino, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the time evolution of one-dimensional systems of fermions with long-range interactions in the presence of strong disorder. Exact diagonalization of small systems supports many-body localization for weak Coulomb and dipolar interactions at high energy. The dephasing time of far apart degrees of freedom is analyzed. The result indicates that von Neumann entropy of one halve of the system evolves as a power law on time for a disentangled initial state. The numerical simulations performed in the Coulomb and dipolar cases are consistent with this prediction.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Network diffusion capacity unveiled by dynamical paths
Creators: name: Schieber, T. A.
name: Carpi, L. C.
name: Pardalos, P. M.
name: Masoller, C.
name: Díaz-Guilera, A.
name: Ravetti, M. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Improving the understanding of diffusive processes in networks with complex topologies is one of the main challenges of today's complexity science. Each network possesses an intrinsic diffusive potential that depends on its structural connectivity. However, the diffusion of a process depends not only on this topological potential but also on the dynamical process itself. Quantifying this potential will allow the design of more efficient systems in which it is necessary either to weaken or to enhance diffusion. Here we introduce a measure, the {\em diffusion capacity}, that quantifies, through the concept of dynamical paths, the potential of an element of the system, and also, of the system itself, to propagate information. Among other examples, we study a heat diffusion model and SIR model to demonstrate the value of the proposed measure. We found, in the last case, that diffusion capacity can be used as a predictor of the evolution of the spreading process. In general, we show that the diffusion capacity provides an efficient tool to evaluate the performance of systems, and also, to identify and quantify structural modifications that could improve diffusion mechanisms.
Apneic Oxygenation in Diagnosis and Treatment of Lung Tumours in an Experimental Porcine Model
Creators: name: Kjaergaard, B
name: Zepernick, P R
name: Nielsen, M S
name: Jensen, H K
name: Arp, D T
name: Thomsen, J B
name: Nielsen, J
name: McCulloch, T
name: Carl, J
Publisher: name: Scandinavian Journal of Laboratory Animal Sciences
Year: 2014

description: Objectives: Respiratory movements may complicate diagnostic and therapeutic procedures such as biopsies and stereotactic irradiation therapy in lung cancer patients. An attempt to avoid respiratory movements, up to 30 minutes, long enough for procedures was performed in an animal study. Methods: Ten anaesthetized minipigs ~30 kg were intubated in the trachea and small NiTi-stents were placed in various parts of the lungs. Using a muscle relaxing drug, the pigs were deprived of the ability to breathe for 30 minutes, a longer time than normally used for positioning and irradiation or for biopsies. No attempt to hyperventilate the animals was made prior to the apneic period. After a lung recruitment manoeuvre, a constant oxygen pressure of 20 cm water was applied to the airways. Using X-ray fluoroscopy, the position of the stents and thereby the movements of the lung, were monitored. Arterial gas analyses were performed every 5 minutes during the apneic period. Results: All animals survived 30 minutes of apneic oxygenation. The median arterial oxygen partial pressure actually rose from 11.8 to 54.3 kPa and there were no changes in oxygen saturation. The median arterial carbon dioxide partial pressure rose from 6.9 to 18.7 kPa and the median pH fell from 7.41 to 7.04 during 30 minutes of apneic oxygenation. Our setup, or our strategy of anaesthesia, did not immobilise the internal parts of the lungs satisfactorily, and must be improved before it can be used in a clinical situation. Conclusion: Physiologically, it is possible to stop respiration using apneic oxygenation for periods long enough to perform biopsies or stereotactic radiation therapy.
description: Scandinavian Journal of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Vol 39, No 1 (2012)
Additional file 6 of Extensive variability in the composition of immune infiltrate in different mouse models of cancer
Creators: name: Niemi, Virginia
name: Gaskarth, Douglas
name: Kemp, Roslyn A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 6 Lymphocyte cell counts in the tumours and spleens of mice that received intracaecal (IC) or subcutaneous (SC) CT26 tumours. Cells from processed tissue were stained and live cells identified using trypan blue exclusion, giving the total live cell count for the tissue sample. This total live cell count was used in combination with the frequency of each subset out of total live cells (calculated using FlowJo analysis) to generate the cell number of each subset. A. Number of lymphocytes in IC (top graph) and SC (bottom graph) CT26 tumours. B. Number of lymphocytes in the spleens of mice injected with IC (top graph) or SC (bottom graph) CT26 tumours. IC n = 12, pooled from 7 individual experiments. SC n = 25, pooled from 4 individual experiments. Each data point represents a tissue sample from an individual mouse.
Unsupervised Text Extraction from G-Maps
Creators: name: Adak, Chandranath
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper represents an text extraction method from Google maps, GIS maps/images. Due to an unsupervised approach there is no requirement of any prior knowledge or training set about the textual and non-textual parts. Fuzzy CMeans clustering technique is used for image segmentation and Prewitt method is used to detect the edges. Connected component analysis and gridding technique enhance the correctness of the results. The proposed method reaches 98.5% accuracy level on the basis of experimental data sets.
description: Proc. IEEE Conf. #30853, International Conference on Human Computer Interactions (ICHCI'13), Chennai, India, 23-24 Aug., 2013
Maintenance of Seasonal Differences in Reproductive Characteristics of Bank Voles After 30 Years Captive Breeding
Creators: name: Kapusta, J
name: Kruczek, M
name: Pochron, E
name: Olejniczak, P
Publisher: name: Scandinavian Journal of Laboratory Animal Sciences
Year: 2014

description: Bank vole, Myodes (Clethrionomys) glareolus, serves as an object of research in many scientific disciplines. Both wild and laboratory-reared animals are used in such studies but the latter, contrary to the wild individuals, reproduce throughout the year. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the season outside the breeding chambers on the reproductive characteristics of bank voles kept under constant, optimal breeding conditions for 30 years. The comparison was made between summer, a breeding season, and winter, a non-breeding season, in four consecutive years. Significant differences in reproduction and development were observed. More females gave birth in summer than in winter. The number of pups born were similar in both seasons but more pups survived the first day of life in summer than in winter. Moreover, more young survived to the time of weaning (19 days) and reached higher level of body weight in summer than in winter. Season influenced the rate of morphological development of the reproductive tract of weaned males and those individuals born in summer had significantly heavier testes than those born in winter. Differences in sexual maturation were observed also in 6 week old males. Sperm concentration, as well as the proportion of viable sperm, motile sperm and not swollen sperm were higher in males born in summer. Our results may have important implications for bank vole breeders and scientists working on other captive bred rodents.
description: Scandinavian Journal of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Vol 39, No 1 (2012)
Dose Optimization for Using the Contrast Agent Gadofosveset in Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) of Domestic Pig Brain
Creators: name: Poulsen, Erik S
name: Alstrup, Aage K O
name: Zeidler, Dora G
name: Hjort, Niels
name: Østergaard, Leif
Publisher: name: Scandinavian Journal of Laboratory Animal Sciences
Year: 2014

description: Pigs are useful models in stroke research, and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is a useful tool for measurements of brain pathophysiology. Perfusion Weighed Imaging (PWI) with standard Gd-based chelates (i.e. gadobutrol) provides crucial information about breakdown of the Blood-Brain-Barrier (BBB) in patients. Gadofosveset is also a Gd-based contrast agent, but with a higher binding to serum albumin. The prolonged plasma-half life of gadofosveset allows the acquisition of steady state angiographies, which may increase the sensitivity for detection of BBB leakage. We hypothesize that the contrast dosage with gadofosveset can be optimized for PWI and subsequent steady-state Magnetic Resonance Angiography (MRA) in pigs. Anesthetized domestic pigs (females; N=6) were MRI scanned four times in one day: they were initially imaged during a standard gadobutrol bolus injection (0.1 mmol/kg). Then they received three successive gadofosveset bolus injections of varying dosages (0.015-0.09 mmol/kg). Based on projection from our data, we suggest that a bolus injection of 0.0916 mmol/kg gadofosveset would yield contrast similar to that of a standard dose of 0.1 mmol/kg gadobutrol in dynamic susceptibility contrast MRI at 3 T. In conclusion, our results demonstrate the feasibility of gadofosveset based PWI in pig brain research. The relaxation and plasma half-life properties allow detailed steady-state MRA angiographies and may prove useful in detecting subtle BBB disruption of significance in stroke models and human patients.
description: Scandinavian Journal of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Vol 39, No 1 (2012)
On Local Convexity of Quadratic Transformations
Creators: name: Xia, Yong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 52A05, 35P30, 90C22

description: In this paper, we improve Polyak's local convexity result for quadratic transformations. Extension and open problems are also presented.
description: 8 pages