cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Asteroseismology of white dwarfs with TESS
Creators: name: Das, Susmita
name: Molnár, László
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: White dwarfs (WDs) are extremely old stellar objects and correspond to the final life stage of most stars. They are extremely useful astrophysical objects in the study of stellar populations and in understanding the history of our Galaxy. One of the most important properties of WDs is that they exhibit gravity-mode pulsational instabilities. We carried out a preliminary photometric analysis of a few metal-lined WDs in the TESS database and thereby carried out a Fourier analysis to study their asteroseismic properties. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first systematic study of the variability in DZ white dwarf stars using TESS photometry. We suspect that the majority of signals are related to rotation, and not from oscillations.
Duality in spin systems via the $SU(4)$ algebra
Creators: name: Schaller, Gernot
name: Schützhold, Ralf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide several examples and an intuitive diagrammatic representation demonstrating the use of two-qubit unitary transformations for mapping coupled spin Hamiltonians to simpler ones and vice versa. The corresponding dualities may be exploited to identify phase transition points or to aid the diagonalization of such Hamiltonians. For example, our method shows that a suitable one-parameter family of coupled Hamiltonians whose ground states transform from an initially factorizing state to a final cluster state on a lattice of arbitrary dimension is dual to a family of trivial decoupled Hamiltonians containing local on-site terms only. As a consequence, the minimum enery gap (which determines the adiabatic run-time) does not scale with system size, which facilitates an efficient and simple adiabatic preparation of e.g. the two-dimensional cluster state used for measurement-based quantum computation.
description: 13 pages, 7 figures, to appear in Journal of Statistical Mechanics: Theory and Experiment
Non-invasive procedures for the treatment of facial paralysis: scope review protocol
Creators: name: de Morais, Edna
name: Barbosa, Daryane
name: BENEVIDES, SILVIA
name: Ferreira, Ana
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences

description: This protocol aims to map and to analyse the non-invasive therapeutic procedures in the treatment of facial paralysis.
Ultrafast Acousto-Plasmonics in Gold Nanoparticles Superlattice
Creators: name: Ruello, P.
name: Ayouch, A.
name: Vaudel, G.
name: Pezeril, T.
name: Delorme, N.
name: Sato, S.
name: Kimura, K.
name: Gusev, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the investigation of the generation and detection of GHz coherent acoustic phonons in plasmonic gold nanoparticles superlattices (NPS). The experiments have been performed from an optical femtosecond pump-probe scheme across the optical plasmon resonance of the superlattice. Our experiments allow to estimate the collective elastic response (sound velocity) of the NPS as well as an estimate of the nano-contact elastic stiffness. It appears that the light-induced coherent acoustic phonon pulse has a typical in-depth spatial extension of about 45 nm which is roughly 4 times the optical skin depth in gold. The modeling of the transient optical reflectivity indicates that the mechanism of phonon generation is achieved through ultrafast heating of the NPS assisted by light excitation of the volume plasmon. These results demonstrate how it is possible to map the photon-electron-phonon interaction in subwavelength nanostructures.
Beta decay of the exotic $T_z$ = -2 nuclei $^{48}$Fe, $^{52}$Ni and $^{56}$Zn
Creators: name: Orrigo, S. E. A.
name: Rubio, B.
name: Fujita, Y.
name: Gelletly, W.
name: Agramunt, J.
name: Algora, A.
name: Ascher, P.
name: Bilgier, B.
name: Blank, B.
name: Cáceres, L.
name: Cakirli, R. B.
name: Ganioğlu, E.
name: Gerbaux, M.
name: Giovinazzo, J.
name: Grévy, S.
name: Kamalou, O.
name: Kozer, H. C.
name: Kucuk, L.
name: Kurtukian-Nieto, T.
name: Molina, F.
name: Popescu, L.
name: Rogers, A. M.
name: Susoy, G.
name: Stodel, C.
name: Suzuki, T.
name: Tamii, A.
name: Thomas, J. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The results of a study of the beta decays of three proton-rich nuclei with $T_z=\text{-}2$, namely $^{48}$Fe, $^{52}$Ni and $^{56}$Zn, produced in an experiment carried out at GANIL, are reported. In all three cases we have extracted the half-lives and the total $β$-delayed proton emission branching ratios. We have measured the individual $β$-delayed protons and $β$-delayed $γ$ rays and the branching ratios of the corresponding levels. Decay schemes have been determined for the three nuclei, and new energy levels are identified in the daughter nuclei. Competition between $β$-delayed protons and $γ$ rays is observed in the de-excitation of the $T=2$ Isobaric Analogue States in all three cases. Absolute Fermi and Gamow-Teller transition strengths have been determined. The mass excesses of the nuclei under study have been deduced. In addition, we discuss in detail the data analysis taking as a test case $^{56}$Zn, where the exotic $β$-delayed $γ$-proton decay has been observed.
description: 19 pages, 21 figures
Brug af GIS til konsekvensvurderinger af fiskeri på skaldyr i Natura 2000-områder i Danmar
Creators: name: Geitner, Kerstin
name: Christensen, Helle Torp
Publisher: name: Geoforum Perspektiv
Year: 2012

description: Geoforum Perspektiv, Vol 8 No 16 (2009): Naturforvaltning
Tetralogy of Fallot
Creators: name: Anderson, Robert
name: Bailliard, Frederique
Publisher: name: BioMed Central Ltd
Year: 2009

description: Abstract Tetralogy of Fallot is a congenital cardiac malformation that consists of an interventricular communication, also known as a ventricular septal defect, obstruction of the right ventricular outflow tract, override of the ventricular septum by the aortic root, and right ventricular hypertrophy. This combination of lesions occurs in 3 of every 10,000 live births, and accounts for 7–10% of all congenital cardiac malformations. Patients nowadays usually present as neonates, with cyanosis of varying intensity based on the degree of obstruction to flow of blood to the lungs. The aetiology is multifactorial, but reported associations include untreated maternal diabetes, phenylketonuria, and intake of retinoic acid. Associated chromosomal anomalies can include trisomies 21, 18, and 13, but recent experience points to the much more frequent association of microdeletions of chromosome 22. The risk of recurrence in families is 3%. Useful diagnostic tests are the chest radiograph, electrocardiogram, and echocardiogram. The echocardiogram establishes the definitive diagnosis, and usually provides sufficient information for planning of treatment, which is surgical. Approximately half of patients are now diagnosed antenatally. Differential diagnosis includes primary pulmonary causes of cyanosis, along with other cyanotic heart lesions, such as critical pulmonary stenosis and transposed arterial trunks. Neonates who present with ductal-dependent flow to the lungs will receive prostaglandins to maintain ductal patency until surgical intervention is performed. Initial intervention may be palliative, such as surgical creation of a systemic-to-pulmonary arterial shunt, but the trend in centres of excellence is increasingly towards neonatal complete repair. Centres that undertake neonatal palliation will perform the complete repair at the age of 4 to 6 months. Follow-up in patients born 30 years ago shows a rate of survival greater than 85%. Chronic issues that now face such adults include pulmonary regurgitation, recurrence of pulmonary stenosis, and ventricular arrhythmias. As the strategies for surgical and medical management have progressed, the morbidity and mortality of those born with tetralogy of Fallot in the current era is expected to be significantly improved.
Equilibria with incompressible flows from symmetry analysis
Creators: name: Kuiroukidis, Ap
name: Throumoulopoulos, G. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We identify and study new nonlinear axisymmetric equilibria with incompressible flow of arbitrary direction satisfying a generalized Grad Shafranov equation by extending the symmetry analysis presented in [G. Cicogna and F. Pegoraro, Phys. Plasmas Vol. 22, 022520 (2015)]. In particular, we construct a typical tokamak D-shaped equilibrium with peaked toroidal current density, monotonically varying safety factor and sheared electric field.
description: 4 pages, 6 figures
Brief an Professor [Georg Witkowski]
Creators: name: Rilke, Rainer Maria
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1913

description: Ablehnung eines ihm gemachten literarischen Vorschlags
description: von Rainer Maria Rilke
description: Eigenhändiger Brief mit Unterschrift
description: Stiftung Sammlung Karl Geigy-Hagenbach
description: Deutsch
description: Verzeichnung=Description=Inventaire März 2017 HAN-Katalogisierungsregeln Rekatalogisierung nach Original und Verzeichnis von Karl Geigy-Hagenbach und Briefkatalog der UB Basel
Fertility outcomes following obstetric fistula repair: a prospective cohort study
Creators: name: Kopp, Dawn M
name: Bengtson, Angela
name: Tang, Jennifer H
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2017

description: Abstract Background Obstetric fistula (OF) is a maternal morbidity associated with high rates of stillbirth, amenorrhea, and sexual dysfunction. Limited data exists on the reproductive outcomes of women in the years following a fistula repair. The objective of this study is to describe the fertility outcomes and family planning practices in a population of Malawian women 1–4 years after fistula repair. Methods Women who had enrolled into a clinical database of OF patients and undergone OF repair between January 1, 2012 and July 31, 2014 were recruited and enrolled to complete a home-based survey of their demographic and reproductive health data 1–4 years after their repair. Pregnancy, amenorrhea, and sexual function were described using frequency analysis, and we compared antimüllerian hormone (AMH) concentrations between women with menses or pregnancy with women with amenorrhea or no pregnancy using Wilcoxon rank sum tests. Results Of 297 women with a prior OF repair, 148 had reproductive potential and were included in this analysis. Overall 30 women of these women (21%) became pregnant since their fistula repair, with most pregnancies ending with cesarean delivery. Of the 32 women who were amenorrheic at the time of repair, 25 (78.1%) had resumption of menses. Only 11 (8.6%) of sexually active women reported dyspareunia, and among women who were not trying to conceive, 53.1% were currently using a method of family planning. No significant differences were found in AMH concentrations between those who were pregnant or had menses versus those without pregnancy or menses, respectively. Conclusions In this long-term follow-up study of women after OF repair, many women were able to achieve a pregnancy with a live birth, have normal menses, be sexually active, and access contraception. These achievements will further assist a population of women whose reintegration and restoration of dignity is closely tied to their ability to achieve their reproductive goals. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02685878 .
SLICER: inferring branched, nonlinear cellular trajectories from single cell RNA-seq data
Creators: name: Welch, Joshua D
name: Prins, Jan
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2016

description: Abstract Single cell experiments provide an unprecedented opportunity to reconstruct a sequence of changes in a biological process from individual “snapshots” of cells. However, nonlinear gene expression changes, genes unrelated to the process, and the possibility of branching trajectories make this a challenging problem. We develop SLICER (Selective Locally Linear Inference of Cellular Expression Relationships) to address these challenges. SLICER can infer highly nonlinear trajectories, select genes without prior knowledge of the process, and automatically determine the location and number of branches and loops. SLICER recovers the ordering of points along simulated trajectories more accurately than existing methods. We demonstrate the effectiveness of SLICER on previously published data from mouse lung cells and neural stem cells.
Holographic Complexity Of Cold Hyperbolic Black Holes
Creators: name: Barbon, Jose L. F.
name: Martin-Garcia, Javier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: AdS black holes with hyperbolic horizons provide strong-coupling descriptions of thermal CFT states on hyperboloids. The low-temperature limit of these systems is peculiar. In this note we show that, in addition to a large ground state degeneracy, these states also have an anomalously large holographic complexity, scaling logarithmically with the temperature. We speculate on whether this fact generalizes to other systems whose extreme infrared regime is formally controlled by Conformal Quantum Mechanics, such as various instances of near-extremal charged black holes.
description: Reference added. 14 pages, 3 figures
Hydrologiske konsekvenser af historiske og fremtidige klimatiske ændringer i Vestjylland
Creators: name: Karlsson, Ida B.
name: Sonnenborg, Torben O.
name: Jensen, Karsten Høgh
Publisher: name: Geoforum Perspektiv
Year: 2012

description: Geoforum Perspektiv, Vol 9 No 17 (2010): GIS, geokommunikation og klimaforandringer
Carbon Dating of Agricultural Soils and Further Understanding the Transport of CO2 Gas Using Isotopes
Creators: name: Zal, David
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2023
Subjects: Carbon dating
Soil Organic Carbon
Recalcitrant Carbon
Green House Gases
Fraction modern carbon
Dissolved Organic Carbon
C13
C14
Carbonate weathering
Organic carbon
Depth profile
Agriculture Fields
Agriculture Soil
C3
C4
Carbon 13
Carbon 14
Radiocarbon Dating
Dating of agriculture soils
Carbon pool
Carbon pool separation

description: CO2 is a greenhouse gas which is significantly emitted by agricultural soils through the decomposition of plant residue and soil organic carbon. Carbon isotopes can be used in determining the source of the CO2, origin of the carbon, and the age of the CO2 emissions. This study investigates the transport of CO2 gas through agricultural soils using carbon isotopes 14C and 13C to complement concentration and production rate measurements in two comparative agricultural settings in Eastern Ontario, one of which has been modified by clearing and dredging of the adjacent riparian zone and one left undredged. Traditional radiocarbon dating measures time through loss by decay, while recent dating is based on matching measurements with the atmospheric 14CO2 signal (F14C) generated by nuclear bomb testing in the 1950s and 1960s. CO2 emissions were analyzed from soil core sections together with soil-probe gas samples and surface flux chamber samples collected from the study area. Soil cores were collected from 0- 90 cm at 7.5 cm increments and placed into IsoJar® microcosms for a period of one month. CO2 in-growth was monitored to provide production rates and samples for 14C and 13C analysis. The radiocarbon data for the microcosms showed that values increase with depth from the current fraction modern value of 1.00 F14C at the surface to an attenuated peak of 1.04 F14C at a depth of 30 to 40 cm and then decrease to values below 1.00 F14C. The data collected from the soil-probe gas showed a significant depletion in comparison to the microcosms and the surface chambers. The soil cores were subsequently analyzed by a selective leach oxidation protocol to sample decreasingly labile solid organic carbon. This involved placing the weighed soil samples into MilliQ water for 24 hours, before being passed through two sieves, 63 microns and 0.45 microns. The DOC leachate was collected and analyzed for 14C and 13C. The two solid soil fractions were then dried, treated with HCl to remove carbonate and then oxidized under vacuum with 5% H2O2 yielding CO2 and residual soil carbon for 14C and 13C. The radiocarbon analysis of these variously labile fractions, together with the microcosm and soil probe measurements, demonstrate that surface emissions at both sites are greatly dominated by CO2 from recently-sequestered labile organic carbon from the upper 30 cm with minor contribution from earlier, bomb-pulse carbon or from deeper pre-bomb carbon. No significant difference in age of emissions between the dredged and undredged sites was found.
Revealing the dynamics of Class 0 protostellar discs with ALMA
Creators: name: Seifried, D.
name: Sánchez-Monge, Á.
name: Walch, S.
name: Banerjee, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present synthetic ALMA observations of Keplerian, protostellar discs in the Class 0 stage studying the emission of molecular tracers like $^{13}$CO, C$^{18}$O, HCO$^+$, H$^{13}$CO$^+$, N$_2$H$^+$, and H$_2$CO. We model the emission of discs around low- and intermediate-mass protostars. We show that under optimal observing conditions ALMA is able to detect the discs already in the earliest stage of protostellar evolution, although the emission is often concentrated to the innermost 50 AU. Therefore, a resolution of a few 0.1" might be too low to detect Keplerian discs around Class 0 objects. We also demonstrate that under optimal conditions for edge-on discs Keplerian rotation signatures are recognisable, from which protostellar masses can be inferred. For this we here introduce a new approach, which allows us to determine protostellar masses with higher fidelity than before. Furthermore, we show that it is possible to reveal Keplerian rotation even for strongly inclined discs and that ALMA should be able to detect possible signs of fragmentation in face-on discs. In order to give some guidance for future ALMA observations, we investigate the influence of varying observing conditions and source distances. We show that it is possible to probe Keplerian rotation in inclined discs with an observing time of 2 h and a resolution of 0.1", even in the case of moderate weather conditions. Furthermore, we demonstrate that under optimal conditions, Keplerian discs around intermediate-mass protostars should be detectable up to kpc-distances.
description: 17 pages, 17 figures, accepted for publication by MNRAS
The Role of Causal Reasoning in Wisdom: A Developmental Study Among Teenagers
Creators: name: Hu, Chao
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022

description: Wisdom is regarded the meaning individuals derive from life narratives (Ferrari & Weststrate, 2013); cognition of relevance between things is essential for wisdom (Vervaeke & Ferraro, 2013). However, mankind is not good at scientifically reasoning the relationships between things, manifesting Causal illusion—a perceptual causality between things that do not have a causal relationship (Matute et al., 2015), or an ignorance of causal relationship, e.g., confounding effect or moderating effect. Therefore, the accumulation of experience cannot guarantee the development of wisdom. In fact, accumulation of experience may even increase the individual's Causal illusion. Previous study has showed that wisdom was unrelated to the frequency of self-reflection; however, wisdom was positively correlated with exploratory processing of difficult life experience (Weststrate & Glück, 2017). Individual's causal reasoning model determines whether individuals can scientifically construct causality based on experience. Specifically, awareness of extra variables influential to a cause-effect system could help individuals to realize the uncertainty of causal relations between two things, and thus embody “cognitive humility”; awareness of moderators could help individuals to build a more comprehensive and differentiated model of causal relationships, and thus embody “cognitive flexibility”; awareness of mediators could deepen understanding of the causal relationship between things, trace the origin of things and predict the development of an event along the causal chain, and thus embody "predicting changes". These metacognitive attributes are all essential to wisdom in the Berlin Paradigm (Baltes & Staudinger, 2000) and the Wise Reasoning Model (Grossmann, 2017; Grossmann, Gerlach, & Denissen, 2016). Therefore, we believe that improving individuals' ability in causal reasoning, comprehensively, flexibly, and deeply understanding of the causal relationship, can promote wisdom/wise reasoning: comprehensive, dialectical, and profound reasoning about dilemmas in life (e.g., dealing with conflicts with friends). In order to test our theory and investigate the development of causal reasoning and wisdom among teenagers, we will conduct an experimental study among middle school students.
Chirality of nanophotonic waveguide with embedded quantum emitter for unidirectional spin transfer
Creators: name: Coles, R. J.
name: Price, D. M.
name: Dixon, J. E.
name: Royall, B.
name: Clarke, E.
name: Fox, A. M.
name: Kok, P.
name: Skolnick, M. S.
name: Makhonin, M. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Scalable quantum technologies require faithful conversion between matter qubits storing the quantum information and photonic qubits carrying the information in integrated circuits and waveguides. We demonstrate that the electromagnetic field chirality which arises in nanophotonic waveguides leads to unidirectional emission from an embedded quantum dot quantum emitter, with resultant in-plane transfer of matter-qubit (spin) information. The chiral behavior occurs despite the non-chiral geometry and material of the waveguides. Using dot registration techniques we achieve a quantum emitter deterministically positioned at a chiral point and realize spin-path conversion by design. We measure and compare the phenomena in single mode nanobeam and photonic crystal waveguides. The former is much more tolerant to dot position, exhibits experimental spin-path readout as high as 95 +/- 5% and has potential to serve as the basis of future spin-logic and network implementations.
Towards quantifying the role of exact exchange in predictions of transition metal complex properties
Creators: name: Ioannidis, Efthymios I.
name: Kulik, Heather J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We estimate the prediction sensitivity with respect to Hartree-Fock exchange in approximate density functionals for representative Fe(II) and Fe(III) octahedral complexes. Based on the observation that the range of parameters spanned by the most widely-employed functionals is relatively narrow, we compute electronic structure property and spin-state orderings across a relatively broad range of Hartree-Fock exchange (0-50%) ratios. For the entire range considered, we consistently observe linear relationships between spin-state ordering that differ only based on the element of the direct ligand and thus may be broadly employed as measures of functional sensitivity in predictions of organometallic compounds. The role Hartree-Fock exchange in hybrid functionals is often assumed to play is to correct self-interaction error-driven electron delocalization (e.g. from transition metal centers to neighboring ligands). Surprisingly, we instead observe that increasing Hartree-Fock exchange reduces charge on iron centers, corresponding to effective delocalization of charge to ligands, thus challenging notions of the role of Hartree-Fock exchange in shifting predictions of spin-state ordering.
description: accepted to Journal of Chemical Physics
European Crime Prevention monitor 2016: Organised Crime
Creators: name: Verleysen, Cindy
name: Liagre, Febe
Publisher: name: Universität Tübingen
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Europa , Kriminalprävention , Organisiertes Verbrechen
subject: 360

description: In this sixth monitor, the European Crime Prevention Network focusses on organised crime. Organised crime is a threat to citizens, businesses, state institutions as well as the economy as a whole. It not only menaces peace and human security, it also undermines economic, social, cultural, political and civil development of societies around the world and violates human rights. Organised crime is a broad, complex and multifaceted phenomenon which can touch upon various areas of life. Organised crime covers a wide range of phenomena, including trafficking in drugs, firearms and even persons. At the same time, organised crime groups exploit human mobility to smuggle migrants and undermine financial systems through money laundering. Therefore, it is not easy to get an overview of this phenomenon. To amend this, this monitor report provides an overview of the relevant existing data available on ‘organised crime’ at the EU level and also focuses on the main trends and levels op perceptions, experiences and recorded levels of ‘organised crime’ in the EU Member States.
Malaria during pregnancy and foetal haematological status in Blantyre, Malawi
Creators: name: Kwiek, Jesse J
name: Meshnick, Steven R.
Publisher: name: BioMed Central Ltd
Year: 2005

description: Abstract Background Although maternal anaemia often stems from malaria infection during pregnancy, its effects on foetal haemoglobin levels are not straightforward. Lower-than-expected cord haemoglobin values in malarious versus non-malarious regions were noted by one review, which hypothesized they resulted from foetal immune activation to maternal malaria. This study addressed this idea by examining cord haemoglobin levels in relation to maternal malaria, anaemia, and markers of foetal immune activation. Methods Cord haemoglobin levels were examined in 32 malaria-infected and 58 uninfected women in Blantyre, Malawi, in relation to maternal haemoglobin levels, malaria status, and markers of foetal haematological status, hypoxia, and inflammation, including TNF-α, TGF-β, and ferritin. All women were HIV-negative. Results Although malaria was associated with a reduction in maternal haemoglobin (10.8 g/dL vs. 12.1 g/dL, p < 0.001), no reduction in cord haemoglobin and no significant relationship between maternal and cord haemoglobin levels were found. Cord blood markers of haematological and hypoxic statuses did not differ between malaria-infected and uninfected women. Maternal malaria was associated with decreased TGF-β and increased cord ferritin, the latter of which was positively correlated with parasitaemia (r = 0.474, p = 0.009). Increased cord ferritin was associated with significantly decreased birth weight and gestational length, although maternal and cord haemoglobin levels and malaria status had no effect on birth outcome. Conclusion In this population, cord haemoglobin levels were protected from the effect of maternal malaria. However, decreased TGF-β and elevated ferritin levels in cord blood suggest foetal immune activation to maternal malaria, which may help explain poor birth outcomes.
Sport, science and art in the prevention of crime among children and youth.
Creators: name: Nuytiens, An
Publisher: name: Universität Tübingen
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Kriminalprävention , Jugend , Sport
subject: 360

description: This paper explores theoretical frameworks used for understanding the relationship between leisure activities and the prevention of youth crime. It is examined whether scientific research has yielded empirical support for these theoretical perspectives. This discussion is illustrated by means of examples of good or promising projects for each field (sports, art, science). It is concluded that leisure can be regarded as an important context for youth crime prevention. In practice however, there appears to be little scientific evidence for these mechanisms. Therefore, it is difficult to identify good or promising practices within this field.
Effect of ion polarization on longitudinal excitations in ionic melts
Creators: name: Markiv, B.
name: Tokarchuk, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A simplified model for a collective dynamics in ionic melts is proposed for the description of optic-like excitations. Within a polarization model of ionic melt the analytical expressions for optic and relaxation dipole modes are obtained. The considered model allows one to describe a softening of frequency and an increase of damping of optic modes caused by polarization processes in comparison with the rigid-ion model. The contributions related with ion polarization to time correlation functions are calculated.
description: 19 pages, 2 figures
Whatever Happend to Informationskompetenz?
Creators: name: Schuldt, Karsten
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 000

description: Vor einigen Jahren war das Thema Informationskompetenz in der bibliothekarischen Öffentlichkeit omnipräsent. Auf den bibliothekarischen Tagungen füllte das Thema ganze Säle, die Zeitschriften waren geprägt von der Vorstellung von Modellen, Vorschlägen für Standards und Berichten aus der Praxis. Kritik war wenig zu hören, es ging um die Zukunft der Bibliotheken. Heute ist es viel ruhiger geworden, gleichzeitig wurde das Thema institutionalisiert: In Deutschland, Österreich und der Schweiz existieren Arbeitsgruppen, die Standards fortentwickeln und Forbildungen organisieren In nahezu allen Hochschulen sind Informationskompetenz-Veranstaltungen als normales Angebot von Bibliotheken etabliert, bis hin zur Einbindung in die Lehre. An Fachhochschulen wird das Thema unterrichtet. Doch gleichzeitig ist es verdächtig ruhig geworden: Im Vergleich wird das Thema heute kaum noch diskutiert, werden keine Modelle fortgeschrieben oder neu erstellt, werden kaum noch Texte publiziert, die behaupten, ohne Informationskompetenz würden Studierende (und die Gesellschaft) nicht ihre Aufgaben erfüllen können und werden Debatten über die Zukunft der Bibliotheken geführt, in denen das Thema nicht mehr vorkommt. Veranstaltungen zum Thema sind eher wieder wenig besucht. Offenbar ist es Zeit, zurückzuschauen: Was ist hier in den letzten 15 Jahren passiert? Wie kam es dazu, das ein solcher Diskurs im Bibliothekswesen Verbreitung fand und zu zahllosen Projekten und den Aufbau von Infrastrukturen führte, dann aber wieder fast einschlief? Was ist aus den ganzen Versprechen und vor allem den beschworenen Gefahren, die drohen würden, wenn man sich nicht in diesem Themengebiet engagieren würden, geworden? Was sind die langfristigen Wirkungen dieses Diskurses für das Bibliothekswesen?
Scalable performance in solid-state single-photon sources
Creators: name: Loredo, J. C.
name: Zakaria, N. A.
name: Somaschi, N.
name: Anton, C.
name: De Santis, L.
name: Giesz, V.
name: Grange, T.
name: Broome, M. A.
name: Gazzano, O.
name: Coppola, G.
name: Sagnes, I.
name: Lemaitre, A.
name: Auffeves, A.
name: Senellart, P.
name: Almeida, M. P.
name: White, A. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The desiderata for an ideal photon source are high brightness, high single-photon purity, and high indistinguishability. Defining brightness at the first collection lens, these properties have been simultaneously demonstrated with solid-state sources, however absolute source efficiencies remain close to the 1% level, and indistinguishability only demonstrated for photons emitted consecutively on the few nanosecond scale. Here we employ deterministic quantum dot-micropillar devices to demonstrate solid-state single-photon sources with scalable performance. In one device, an absolute brightness at the output of a single-mode fibre of 14% and purities of 97.1-99.0% are demonstrated. When non-resontantly excited, it emits a long stream of photons that exhibit indistinguishability up to 70%---above the classical limit of 50%---even after 33 consecutively emitted photons, a 400 ns separation between them. Resonant excitation in other devices results in near-optimal indistinguishability values: 96% at short timescales, remaining at 88% in timescales as large as 463 ns, after 39 emitted photons. The performance attained by our devices brings solid-state sources into a regime suitable for scalable implementations.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures
The efficacy and safety of Baoji Tablets for treating common cold with summer-heat and dampness syndrome: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Creators: name: Montoya, Juan D
Publisher: name: BioMed Central Ltd
Year: 2013

description: Abstract Background Despite the high incidence and the economic impact of the common cold, there are still no effective therapeutic options available. Although traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is widely used in China to treat the common cold, there is still a lack of high-quality clinical trials. This article sets forth the protocol for a high-quality trial of a new TCM drug, Baoji Tablets, which is designed to treat the common cold with summer-heat and dampness syndrome (CCSDS). The trial is evaluating both the efficacy and safety of Baoji Tablets. Methods/design This study is designed as a multicenter, phase II, parallel-group, double-blind, double-dummy, randomized and placebo-controlled trial. A total of 288 patients will be recruited from four centers. The new tablets group are administered Baoji Tablets 0.9 g and dummy Baoji Pills 3.7 g. The old pills group are administered dummy Baoji Tablets 0.9 g and Baoji Pills 3.7 g. The placebo control group are administered dummy Baoji Tablets 0.9 g and dummy Baoji Pills 3.7 g. All drugs are taken three times daily for 3 days. The primary outcome is the duration of all symptoms. Secondary outcomes include the duration of primary and secondary symptoms, changes in primary and secondary symptom scores and cumulative symptom score at day 4, as well as an evaluation of treatment efficacy. Discussion This is the first multicenter, double-blind, double-dummy, randomized and placebo-controlled trial designated to treat CCSDS in an adult population from China. It will establish the basis for a scientific and objective assessment of the efficacy and safety of Baoji Tablets for treating CCSDS, and provide evidence for a phase III clinical trial. Trial registration This study is registered with the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry. The registration number is ChiCTR-TRC-13003197.
Recovering Residual Forensic Data from Smartphone Interactions with Cloud Storage Providers
Creators: name: Grispos, George
name: Glisson, William Bradley
name: Storer, Tim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: There is a growing demand for cloud storage services such as Dropbox, Box, Syncplicity and SugarSync. These public cloud storage services can store gigabytes of corporate and personal data in remote data centres around the world, which can then be synchronized to multiple devices. This creates an environment which is potentially conducive to security incidents, data breaches and other malicious activities. The forensic investigation of public cloud environments presents a number of new challenges for the digital forensics community. However, it is anticipated that end-devices such as smartphones, will retain data from these cloud storage services. This research investigates how forensic tools that are currently available to practitioners can be used to provide a practical solution for the problems related to investigating cloud storage environments. The research contribution is threefold. First, the findings from this research support the idea that end-devices which have been used to access cloud storage services can be used to provide a partial view of the evidence stored in the cloud service. Second, the research provides a comparison of the number of files which can be recovered from different versions of cloud storage applications. In doing so, it also supports the idea that amalgamating the files recovered from more than one device can result in the recovery of a more complete dataset. Third, the chapter contributes to the documentation and evidentiary discussion of the artefacts created from specific cloud storage applications and different versions of these applications on iOS and Android smartphones.
Elastic photonuclear cross sections for bremsstrahlung from relativistic ions
Creators: name: Mikkelsen, R. E.
name: Sørensen, A. H.
name: Uggerhøj, U. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we provide a procedure to calculate the bremsstrahlung spectrum for virtually any relativistic bare ion with charge 6$e$ or beyond, $Z\ge 6$, in ultraperipheral collisions with target nuclei. We apply the Weizsäcker-Williams method of virtual quanta to model the effect of the distribution of nuclear constituents on the interaction of the ion with the radiation target. This leads to a bremsstrahlung spectrum peaking at $2γ$ times the energy of the giant dipole resonance ($γ$ is the projectile energy in units of its rest energy). A central ingredient in the calculation is the cross section for elastic scattering of photons on the ion. This is only available in the literature for a few selected nuclei and, usually, only in a rather restricted parameter range. Hence we develop a procedure applicable for all $Z\geq6$ to estimate the elastic scattering. The elastic cross section is obtained at low to moderate photon energies, somewhat beyond the giant dipole resonance, by means of the optical theorem, a dispersion relation, and data on the total absorption cross section. The cross section is continued at higher energies by invoking depletion due to loss of coherence in the scattering. Our procedure is intended for any ion where absorption data is available and for moderate to high energies, $γ\gtrsim 10$.
Timing of renal replacement therapy and long-term risk of chronic kidney disease and death in intensive care patients with acute kidney injury
Creators: name: Layton, J. B
name: Brookhart, M. Alan
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2017

description: Abstract Background The optimal time to initiate renal replacement therapy (RRT) in intensive care unit (ICU) patients with acute kidney injury (AKI) is unclear. We examined the impact of early RRT on long-term mortality, risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD), and end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Methods This cohort study included all adult patients treated with continuous RRT in the ICU at Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby, Denmark (2005–2015). Data were obtained from a clinical information system and population-based registries. Early treatment was defined as RRT initiation at AKI stage 2 or below, and late treatment was defined as RRT initiation at AKI stage 3. Inverse probability of treatment (IPT) weights were computed from propensity scores. The IPT-weighted cumulative risk of CKD (estimated glomerular filtration rate < 60 ml/minute/1.73 m2), ESRD, and mortality was estimated and compared using IPT-weighted Cox regression. Results The mortality, CKD, and ESRD analyses included 1213, 303, and 617 patients, respectively. The 90-day mortality in the early RRT group was 53.6% compared with 46.0% in the late RRT group (HR 1.24, 95% CI 1.03–1.48). The 90-day to 5-year mortality was 37.7% and 41.5% in the early and late RRT groups, respectively (HR 0.95, 95% CI 0.70–1.29). The 5-year risk of CKD was 35.9% in the early RRT group and 44.9% in the late RRT group (HR 0.74, 95% CI 0.46–1.18). The 5-year risk of ESRD was 13.3% in the early RRT group and 16.7% in the late RRT group (HR 0.79, 95% CI 0.47–1.32). Conclusions Early initiation was associated with increased 90-day mortality. In patients surviving to day 90, early initiation was not associated with a major impact on long-term mortality or risk of CKD and ESRD. Despite potential residual confounding due to the observational design, our findings do not support that early RRT initiation is superior to late initiation.
Long-Lived Staus and Displaced Leptons at the LHC
Creators: name: Evans, Jared A.
name: Shelton, Jessie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As the majority of LHC searches are focused on prompt signatures, specific long-lived particles have the potential to be overlooked by the otherwise systematic new physics programs at ATLAS and CMS. While in many cases long-lived superparticles are now stringently constrained by existing exotic searches, we point out that the highly motivated model of gauge mediation with staus as the next-to-lightest superparticle (NLSP) has received less attention. We recast LHC searches for heavy stable charged particles, disappearing tracks, and opposite-flavor leptons with large impact parameters to assess current constraints on a variety of spectra that contain an NLSP stau, and find that portions of the parameter space motivated by naturalness are still experimentally unexplored. We additionally note a gap in the current experimental search program: same-flavor leptons with large impact parameters evade the suite of existing searches for long-lived objects. This gap is especially noteworthy as vetoes on displaced leptons in prompt new physics searches could be systematically discarding such events. We discuss several motivated models that can exhibit same-flavor displaced leptons: gauge mediation with co-NLSP sleptons, extended gauge mediation, R-parity violation, and lepton-flavored dark matter that freezes in during a matter-dominated era of the early universe. To address this gap, we propose a straightforward extension of the CMS search for leptons with large impact parameters, and project sensitivity to these scenarios at 13 TeV. Throughout this analysis, we highlight several methods whereby LHC searches for exotic long-lived objects could potentially improve their sensitivity to the displaced leptons originating from gauge mediation and beyond.
description: 48 pages, 6 figures, journal version
The triple threat of pregnancy, HIV infection and malaria: reported causes of maternal mortality in two nationwide health facility assessments in Mozambique, 2007 and 2012
Creators: name: Singh, Kavita
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2015

description: Abstract Background The paper’s primary purpose is to determine changes in magnitude and causes of institutional maternal mortality in Mozambique. We also describe shifts in the location of institutional deaths and changes in availability of prevention and treatment measures for malaria and HIV infection. Methods Two national cross-sectional assessments of health facilities with childbirth services were conducted in 2007 and 2012. Each collected retrospective data on deliveries and maternal deaths and their causes. In 2007, 2,199 cases of maternal deaths were documented over a 12 month period; in 2012, 459 cases were identified over a three month period. In 2007, data collection also included reviews of maternal deaths when records were available (n = 712). Results Institutional maternal mortality declined from 541 to 284/100,000 births from 2007 to 2012. The rate of decline among women dying of direct causes was 66 % compared to 26 % among women dying of indirect causes. Cause-specific mortality ratios fell for all direct causes. Patterns among indirect causes were less conclusive given differences in cause-of-death recording. In absolute numbers, the combination of antepartum and postpartum hemorrhage was the leading direct cause of death each year and HIV and malaria the main non-obstetric causes. Based on maternal death reviews, evidence of HIV infection, malaria or anemia was found in more than 40 % of maternal deaths due to abortion, ectopic pregnancy and sepsis. Almost half (49 %) of all institutional maternal deaths took place in the largest hospitals in 2007 while in 2012, only 24 % occurred in these hospitals. The availability of antiretrovirals and antimalarials increased in all types of facilities, but increases were most dramatic in health centers. Conclusions The rate at which women died of direct causes in Mozambique’s health facilities appears to have declined significantly. Despite a clear improvement in access to antiretrovirals and antimalarials, especially at lower levels of health care, malaria, HIV, and anemia continue to exact a heavy toll on child-bearing women. Going forward, efforts to end preventable maternal and newborn deaths must maximize the use of antenatal care that includes integrated preventive/treatment options for HIV infection, malaria and anemia.
Linking public health agencies and hospitals for improved emergency preparedness: North Carolina's public health epidemiologist program
Creators: name: Horney, Jennifer
name: Hegle, Jennifer
name: Bevc, Christine A
name: MacDonald, Pia DM
name: Markiewicz, Milissa
Publisher: name: BioMed Central Ltd
Year: 2012

description: Abstract Background In 2003, 11 public health epidemiologists were placed in North Carolina's largest hospitals to enhance communication between public health agencies and healthcare systems for improved emergency preparedness. We describe the specific services public health epidemiologists provide to local health departments, the North Carolina Division of Public Health, and the hospitals in which they are based, and assess the value of these services to stakeholders. Methods We surveyed and/or interviewed public health epidemiologists, communicable disease nurses based at local health departments, North Carolina Division of Public Health staff, and public health epidemiologists' hospital supervisors to 1) elicit the services provided by public health epidemiologists in daily practice and during emergencies and 2) examine the value of these services. Interviews were transcribed and imported into ATLAS.ti for coding and analysis. Descriptive analyses were performed on quantitative survey data. Results Public health epidemiologists conduct syndromic surveillance of community-acquired infections and potential bioterrorism events, assist local health departments and the North Carolina Division of Public Health with public health investigations, educate clinicians on diseases of public health importance, and enhance communication between hospitals and public health agencies. Stakeholders place on a high value on the unique services provided by public health epidemiologists. Conclusions Public health epidemiologists effectively link public health agencies and hospitals to enhance syndromic surveillance, communicable disease management, and public health emergency preparedness and response. This comprehensive description of the program and its value to stakeholders, both in routine daily practice and in responding to a major public health emergency, can inform other states that may wish to establish a similar program as part of their larger public health emergency preparedness and response system.
Coaching af nystartede universitetsstuderende
Creators: name: Spaten, Ole Michael
name: Løkken, Lillith Olesen
name: Imer, Anna
Publisher: name: Coaching Psykologi - The Danish Journal of Coaching Psychology
Year: 2012

description: Mål: At undersøge hvorvidt fire coachingpsykologiske sessioner kunne reducere stress, angst og depressions niveau, samt forøge velvære hos 1. semesters studerende. At belyse hvilken betydning coaching får for de studerende.
description: Coaching Psykologi - The Danish Journal of Coaching Psychology, Årg. 1 Nr. 1 (2011)