cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Short text classification with machine learning in the social sciences: The case of climate change on Twitter
Creators: name: Shyrokykh, Karina
name: Girnyk, Maksym
name: Dellmuth, Lisa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: To analyse large numbers of texts, social science researchers are increasingly confronting the challenge of text classification. When manual labeling is not possible and researchers have to find automatized ways to classify texts, computer science provides a useful toolbox of machine-learning methods whose performance remains understudied in the social sciences. In this article, we compare the performance of the most widely used text classifiers by applying them to a typical research scenario in social science research: a relatively small labeled dataset with infrequent occurrence of categories of interest, which is a part of a large unlabeled dataset. As an example case, we look at Twitter communication regarding climate change, a topic of increasing scholarly interest in interdisciplinary social science research. Using a novel dataset including 5,750 tweets from various international organizations regarding the highly ambiguous concept of climate change, we evaluate the performance of methods in automatically classifying tweets based on whether they are about climate change or not. In this context, we highlight two main findings. First, supervised machine-learning methods perform better than state-of-the-art lexicons, in particular as class balance increases. Second, traditional machine-learning methods, such as logistic regression and random forest, perform similarly to sophisticated deep-learning methods, whilst requiring much less training time and computational resources. The results have important implications for the analysis of short texts in social science research.
Evaluating Downtown Dynamics
Creators: name: Atkinson, Rachel C.P.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: The goal of this thesis is to present an improved methodology for evaluating the overall quality of downtowns. The result is a set of Quality of Downtown Indicators that
can be summarized by a comprehensive Quality of Downtown Index (QDI). This evaluation framework has three distinct advantages over current practice: It is comprehensive:
Real estate professionals, demographers, economists and urban planners have differing concerns regarding urban places and thus evaluate places with different criteria. The QDI includes performance indicators used in all of these fields, organized by four key elements of a quality downtown: accessibility (urban form and transportation), economy (employment and real estate), community (downtown as a residential neighborhood) and identity (distinctiveness, culture and activity). It provides unprecedented geographic precision: A major shortcoming of existing downtown research is its dependence upon data
collected at the census tract level. Census tracts are defined based on residential
population, so downtowns with few residents have very large tracts. These coarse units are often a poor fit for downtown geographies. The QDI was developed for fine geographic precision; its indicators primarily use data available at point, parcel and block levels. It is transparent: This paper explains each step in the development of the QDI; it justifies the underlying assumptions behind each indicator of the index. It presents the sources where data for each indicator can be found, including the limitations of each data source. The next chapter presents a review of the literature that informed the assumptions and methodology of the QDI. Chapter 3 explains the key decisions that went
into its development, including the geographic definition of downtown, the
reasoning behind selected performance idnicators, and the process of constructing
a composite index. Chapter 4 applies the methodology to two case cities in North
Carolina and discusses how the results align with local perceptions of downtown
change. The paper concludes by identifying areas for further research and potential
improvements to the QDI and by describing potential applications for academics,
professionals, policy-makers and the public.
Survival of charged rho condensation at high temperature and density
Creators: name: Liu, Hao
name: Yu, Lang
name: Huang, Mei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The charged vector $ρ$ mesons in the presence of external magnetic fields at finite temperature $T$ and chemical potential $μ$ have been investigated in the framework of the Nambu--Jona-Lasinio model. We compute the masses of charged $ρ$ mesons numerically as a function of the magnetic field for different values of temperature and chemical potential. The self-energy of the $ρ$ meson contains the quark-loop contribution, i.e. the leading order contribution in $1/N_c$ expansion. The charged $ρ$ meson mass decreases with the magnetic field and drops to zero at a critical magnetic field $eB_c$, which means that the charged vector meson condensation, i.e. the electromagnetic superconductor can be induced above the critical magnetic field. Surprisingly, it is found that the charged $ρ$ condensation can even survive at high temperature and density. At zero temperature, the critical magnetic field just increases slightly with the chemical potential, which indicates that the charged $ρ$ condensation might occur inside compact stars. At zero density, in the temperature range $0.2-0.5~ {\rm GeV}$, the critical magnetic field for charged $ρ$ condensation is in the range of $0.2-0.6~ {\rm GeV}^2$, which indicates that the high temperature electromagnetic superconductor could be created at LHC.
MPEC 2024-R107 : 2024 RN3
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2024 RN3

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Human rights, student movement and the role of religious intellectuals: post-revolutionary Iran
Creators: name: Sarabandi, Nasim
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2011
Subjects: human rights
Iran
intellectual life
intellectuals
religion
social movements
students

description: Second semester University: University of Copenhagen.
description: During the past decades Human Rights movement in Iran has developed considerably and mobilized different layers of society including young population. This is thanks to many factors such as the universal human rights flow, intellectuals efforts and activists consistent and effective advocacy. In this dissertation, I have assessed the role of Iranian religious intellectuals among the student movement in 90s to develop a new approach in regards to Universalism and Relativism debate. Religious intellectuals in the framework of the Islamic state could communicate with religious layers of society through student movement and flourished a new space of dialogue and debate towards human rights. Their interpretations have inspired the religious strata of Iranian student movements to develop the Human Rights discourse in their respected organisations since the 1979 revolution. These religious leaders have led to dialogues and discussions relating to the meaning of being Muslim and facing to the modernity by building the concept of ‘faithful life’. They laid the ground work for the reconciliation between Islam and modern concepts, such as Human Rights. My approach to explore their role entails the shifting debate from either universal rights or relative culture to the context of Muslim countries. I have suggested that going beyond the duality clash of either Universalists or Relativists could be a way forward. Therefore, Exploring the quality and circumstances of human rights progression historically from the bottom-up move in these contexts must be considered. Context explicitly is where, the changing process through productive dialogue of peoples and lives are happening. Key words: Human Rights; Religious Intellectuals; Student Movement; Universalism; Relativism.
Inter-limb Symmetry in Male Athletes Suffering from Patellar Tendon Abnormalities (PTA)
Creators: name: Alzer, Mohamdod
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: Patellar Tendon Abnormalities (PTA) are pathologies that occur in athletes participating in sports with high frequency and magnitude of load applied to the patellar tendon. Some suffering from this disease report having symptoms (pain) while others do not. This study was designed to investigate inter-limb symmetry in a double-limbed landing task between symptomatic (SYM) and asymptomatic (ASYM) patients relative to a healthy control (CON). Statistical analysis indicated that there were no significant differences found in limb-symmetry indices (LSI) for the discrete variables investigated (p>0.05). Secondary analysis indicated significant differences in the involved/dominant limb for three variables. Specifically, the symptomatic group demonstrated a significantly lesser knee flexion angle at initial ground contact (F2,27 = 4.82; symptomatic: 85.53° ± 17.76°, control: 107.49° ± 19.34°; p=0.013), a significantly lesser knee flexion displacement (F2,27 = 3.50; symptomatic: 63.69 + 16.19, control: 81.54 + 18.66)  and a significantly lesser ankle dorsiflexion angle at initial ground contact (F2,27 = 6.25; symptomatic: 0.36° ± 9.43°, control: 10.78° ± 4.01°; p=0.004). Future investigations should focus primarily on the nature of asymptomatic PTA formation, as well as increasing flexibility in the ankle and knee in order to help with efficient force dissipation.
Validation of a quantized-current source with 0.2 ppm uncertainty
Creators: name: Stein, Friederike
name: Drung, Dietmar
name: Fricke, Lukas
name: Scherer, Hansjörg
name: Hohls, Frank
name: Leicht, Christoph
name: Götz, Martin
name: Krause, Christian
name: Behr, Ralf
name: Pesel, Eckart
name: Pierz, Klaus
name: Siegner, Uwe
name: Ahlers, Franz-Josef
name: Schumacher, Hans W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on high-accuracy measurements of quantized current, sourced by a tunable-barrier single-electron pump at frequencies $f$ up to $1$ GHz. The measurements were performed with a new picoammeter instrument, traceable to the Josephson and quantum Hall effects. Current quantization according to $I=ef$ with $e$ the elementary charge was confirmed at $f=545$ MHz with a total relative uncertainty of 0.2 ppm, improving the state of the art by about a factor of 5. For the first time, the accuracy of a possible future quantum current standard based on single-electron transport was experimentally validated to be better than the best realization of the ampere within the present SI.
Inclusive Data Representation in Federated Learning: A Novel Approach Integrating Textual and Visual Prompt
Creators: name: Zhao, Zihao
name: Shi, Zhenpeng
name: Liu, Yang
name: Ding, Wenbo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Federated Learning (FL) is often impeded by communication overhead issues. Prompt tuning, as a potential solution, has been introduced to only adjust a few trainable parameters rather than the whole model. However, current single-modality prompt tuning approaches fail to comprehensively portray local clients' data. To overcome this limitation, we present Twin Prompt Federated learning (TPFL), a pioneering solution that integrates both visual and textual modalities, ensuring a more holistic representation of local clients' data characteristics. Furthermore, in order to tackle the data heterogeneity issues, we introduce the Augmented TPFL (ATPFL) employing the contrastive learning to TPFL, which not only enhances the global knowledge acquisition of client models but also fosters the development of robust, compact models. The effectiveness of TPFL and ATPFL is substantiated by our extensive evaluations, consistently showing superior performance compared to all baselines.
Baby-Friendly Re-Designation: Providing Breastfeeding Education and Support with Mother-Centered Nursing Care
Creators: name: Azam, Marriam
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: This honors project consists of two parts. Part one provides a focused literature review related to the importance of breastfeeding and the WHO Baby-Friendly initiative. This includes current recommendations as well as publications on topics highlighted for improvement based on findings from patient and staff surveys conducted at UNCH. These findings were used to inform the development and implementation of an educational intervention for nursing staff. Part two describes the development of this teaching intervention and future plans for using the tool.
MPEC 2023-F159 : 2007 TH1
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
On 2-dimensional 2-adic Galois representations of local and global fields
Creators: name: Paskunas, Vytautas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We describe the generic blocks in the category of smooth locally admissible mod $2$ representations of $\mathrm{GL}_2(\mathbb{Q}_2)$. As an application we obtain new cases of Breuil--Mézard and Fontaine--Mazur conjectures for $2$-dimensional $2$-adic Galois representations.
description: 46 pages, minor changes
Decentralised Governance: Crafting effective democracies around the world - Chapter 8 Supplementary Material
Creators: name: Mbate, Michael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Local government
Kenya
Decentralisation

description: Supplementary material for: Mbate, Michael (2023) "Can parliamentary sanctions strengthen local political accountability? Evidence from Kenya", in: Faguet, Jean-Paul and Pal, Sarmistha (eds) Decentralised Governance: Crafting effective democracies around the world, London: LSE Press BLURB: For developing countries, decentralising power from central government to local authorities holds the promise of deepening democracy, empowering citizens, improving public services and boosting economic growth. Decentralised Governance brings together a new generation of political economy studies that explore these issues analytically, blending theoretical insights with empirical innovation.
La Identidad Española: Desarrollo, evolución y predicciones para el futuro
Creators: name: Quigley, Kaitlyn
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2019

description: La identidad española ha cambiado mucho y todavía está evolucionando. Esta investigación analiza el impacto de la historia española, los movimientos nacionalistas (en Cataluña y en País Vasco) y la inmigración de nuevos gente en el siglo XXI para concluir que la identidad de la gente de España es flexible y formado por la gente que vive en España. Sin embargo, con las desconexiones entre la gente de España nuevas tendencias de populismo va a occuir.
The radial variation of HI velocity dispersions in dwarfs and spirals
Creators: name: Ianjamasimanana, R.
name: de Blok, W. J. G.
name: Walter, Fabian
name: Heald, George H.
name: Caldu-Primo, Anahi
name: Jarrett, Thomas H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gas velocity dispersions provide important diagnostics of the forces counteracting gravity to prevent collapse of the gas. We use the 21 cm line of neutral atomic hydrogen (HI) to study HI velocity dispersion and HI phases as a function of galaxy morphology in 22 galaxies from The HI Nearby Galaxy Survey (THINGS). We stack individual HI velocity profiles and decompose them into broad and narrow Gaussian components. We study the HI velocity dispersion and the HI surface density, as a function of radius. For spirals, the velocity dispersions of the narrow and broad components decline with radius and their radial profiles are well described by an exponential function. For dwarfs, however, the profiles are much flatter. The single Gaussian dispersion profiles are, in general, flatter than those of the narrow and broad components. In most cases, the dispersion profiles in the outer disks do not drop as fast as the star formation profiles, derived in the literature. This indicates the importance of other energy sources in driving HI velocity dispersion in the outer disks. The radial surface density profiles of spirals and dwarfs are similar. The surface density profiles of the narrow component decline more steeply than those of the broad component, but not as steep as what was found previously for the molecular component. As a consequence, the surface density ratio between the narrow and broad components, an estimate of the mass ratio between cold HI and warm HI, tends to decrease with radius. On average, this ratio is lower in dwarfs than in spirals. This lack of a narrow, cold HI component in dwarfs may explain their low star formation activity.
description: Accepted for publication in The Astronomical Journal, 13 pages, 10 figures, 4 tables
Thirteen Views
Creators: name: Palmer, Emily Eason
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Table of Contents: Fried Eggs; Joe's Room; For Savannah; Big Shot; A Stranger's Funeral; Early Bloomer; The Other Me; Still Life; Digging; The Absinthe Drinker; The Auction; Alla Scala; The Chances
Willingness to Expend Effort for Reward and Substance Use Outcomes in Treatment
Creators: name: Scherer, Elissa
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2019

description: Individuals in substance use (SU) disorder treatment are attempting to maintain abstinence, but the positive rewards associated with abstinence are uncertain. Understanding how individuals weigh reward probability (RP) and reward magnitude (RM) in decision making is salient for understanding the factors associated with continued abstinence. This study sought to test associations between effort expenditure for reward and SU outcomes among individuals entering outpatient SU treatment, and if SU moderates relationships between effort expenditure from pre-treatment to 3-month follow-up. Participants (N=86) completed the Effort Expenditure for Rewards Task (EEfRT) and the Timeline Followback (TLFB) at baseline and 3-month follow-up assessments. The independent variables in both primary and moderation analyses were proportion of hard choices for low and medium probability of reward. The primary DV was percent of days of any SU at 3-month follow-up, and the DV in moderation analyses was proportion of hard choices on the EEfRT at 3-month follow-up for low and medium probability of reward. Results of hierarchical linear regressions yielded no significant relationships between percent of hard choices at any level of reward probability at baseline and SU frequency at 3-month follow-up. Likewise, the association between effort expenditure for reward at baseline and the 3-month follow-up was not significantly moderated by SU between assessments.
HartleyMHA: Self-Attention in Frequency Domain for Resolution-Robust and Parameter-Efficient 3D Image Segmentation
Creators: name: Wong, Ken C. L.
name: Wang, Hongzhi
name: Syeda-Mahmood, Tanveer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: With the introduction of Transformers, different attention-based models have been proposed for image segmentation with promising results. Although self-attention allows capturing of long-range dependencies, it suffers from a quadratic complexity in the image size especially in 3D. To avoid the out-of-memory error during training, input size reduction is usually required for 3D segmentation, but the accuracy can be suboptimal when the trained models are applied on the original image size. To address this limitation, inspired by the Fourier neural operator (FNO), we introduce the HartleyMHA model which is robust to training image resolution with efficient self-attention. FNO is a deep learning framework for learning mappings between functions in partial differential equations, which has the appealing properties of zero-shot super-resolution and global receptive field. We modify the FNO by using the Hartley transform with shared parameters to reduce the model size by orders of magnitude, and this allows us to further apply self-attention in the frequency domain for more expressive high-order feature combination with improved efficiency. When tested on the BraTS'19 dataset, it achieved superior robustness to training image resolution than other tested models with less than 1% of their model parameters.
description: This paper was accepted by the International Conference on Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention (MICCAI 2023). arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2310.03872
Metformin modulates glucose uptake and tranport in Caco-2 cell monolayers
Creators: name: Wung, Deanna
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Metformin is a longstanding anti-diabetic drug with a poorly understood mechanism of action in the intestine. Using the radiolabeled glucose surrogate [14C]2-deoxy-D-glucose (2DG) that does not undergo metabolism, this study investigates the effect of metformin on glucose transporters that mediate the intestinal absorption and transport of glucose in Caco-2 cell monolayers, a well-established model of human intestinal epithelia. Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) confirmed an adequate presence of the intestinal glucose transporters GLUT1, GLUT2, and GLUT3 in Caco-2 cells compared to human small intestinal tissue. [14C]2DG uptake and transport was assessed in Caco-2 cells (grown in Transwell™ plates) by liquid scintillations spectrometry. Results showed that metformin may increase glucose absorption and glucose apical to basolateral transport, but further studies are needed to confirm these effects at lower concentrations of 2DG. The concentration of 100mM used in this study saturated transporters and maximized its effects on GLUT2 translocation, rendering the effect of metformin inappreciable. Data from this study could be used to develop other hypotheses on the effect of metformin on glucose trafficking and metabolism.
‘SOGIE human rights’: how is the European Court of Human Rights shaping queer emancipation?
Creators: name: Currie, Eleanor
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2019
Subjects: human rights
sexual orientation
gender identity
European Court of Human Rights
freedom of expression
right of assembly
homosexuality
privacy
family

description: Second semester University: University of Ljubljana
description: From what began as a social movement for emancipation, queers are now fighting for freedom, equality and protection via ‘sexual orientation, gender identity and expression (SOGIE) human rights’. This discourse is a relatively recent phenomenon and has evolved based upon existing human rights. Queer legal theory doubts the degree to which marginalised and maligned sexualities, genders and sexes can attain emancipation in a discourse that has previously rendered them absent. It is the aim of the present research to analyse jurisprudence from the strands of criminalisation of homosexuality, the right to private and family life and the right to freedom of assembly and expression in the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) with regard to how these form ‘SOGIE human rights’. Through a queer discourse analysis, results revealed how law is shaping queer emancipation. Overwhelmingly, heteronormative assumptions and reinforcement of gender binary were found in the narrative. Contemporaneously, there were developments that indicate an increased ‘queering’ of international law. Bringing awareness to how the SOGIE human rights discourse is constructed questioned the frame, and drew attention to the methodologies of rules, norms and identities inherent to law. Herein lies the power that queers need for emancipation.
Communication Therapy: David Foster Wallace and the New Sincerity in U.S. Fiction
Creators: name: Morris, Elizabeth Janette
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: The majority of the writing that seriously uses the term “New Sincerity” as a description of a current in contemporary American literature and the other arts exists only on the internet. For the most part, this body of work amounts to a handful of self-published blog posts written mostly by young writers of fiction or poetry. As a whole, this small collection fails to provide a really cohesive idea of what such a movement consists in, which is unsurprising. Art movements are probably always hard to pin down while they are actually happening, since experimentation is what makes them new movements.1 In the most general sense, the term seems to describe art and cultural practices that 1) eschew cynicism, the belief that humans are by nature selfish and dishonest, and 2) are highly conscious of irony, rejecting its role as a dominant postmodern mode, yet at the same time not necessarily doing away with its use altogether.
New Sincerity as an idea is highly compelling to me on a personal level. Given that I mainly hear the term used by my peers, I believe that its appeal is generational, meaning that its examination may provide insight into the particular condition of young Americans today. In this paper I will attempt to investigate the idea of New Sincerity, its motivations, characteristics, and cultural significance. I will begin with a discussion of the cultural conditions that give rise to projects of New Sincerity. In order to consider how New Sincerity in fiction may experiment with narrative formats, I will then discuss what the formal qualities of narrative genres serve to communicate. Finally, I will investigate what an attempt at New Sincerity in American fiction might look like in practice with an analysis of Infinite Jest by David Foster Wallace.
Leveraging Data Geometry to Mitigate CSM in Steganalysis
Creators: name: Abecidan, Rony
name: Itier, Vincent
name: Boulanger, Jérémie
name: Bas, Patrick
name: Pevný, Tomáš
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: In operational scenarios, steganographers use sets of covers from various sensors and processing pipelines that differ significantly from those used by researchers to train steganalysis models. This leads to an inevitable performance gap when dealing with out-of-distribution covers, commonly referred to as Cover Source Mismatch (CSM). In this study, we consider the scenario where test images are processed using the same pipeline. However, knowledge regarding both the labels and the balance between cover and stego is missing. Our objective is to identify a training dataset that allows for maximum generalization to our target. By exploring a grid of processing pipelines fostering CSM, we discovered a geometrical metric based on the chordal distance between subspaces spanned by DCTr features, that exhibits high correlation with operational regret while being not affected by the cover-stego balance. Our contribution lies in the development of a strategy that enables the selection or derivation of customized training datasets, enhancing the overall generalization performance for a given target. Experimental validation highlights that our geometry-based optimization strategy outperforms traditional atomistic methods given reasonable assumptions. Additional resources are available at github.com/RonyAbecidan/LeveragingGeometrytoMitigateCSM.
Europeanization and democratization: aspects of the Greek case
Creators: name: Kotsanis, Sotirios
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2018
Subjects: European Union
Greece
democratisation
national law
politics

description: Second semester University: Université du Luxembourg
description: Europeanization, by definition refers to causal links between the EU and domestic, national changes. Every particular case that involves interaction between EU and member states demonstrates a different aspect of what Europeanization might mean. The intention of this paper is first to demonstrate some significant dimensions of the impact of Europeanization processes on aspects of Greece’s polity, politics and policies. More specifically, we try to identify the effects on the executive and legislative power, parties and party system as well as on civil society. In doing so, we will form a clearer picture concerning which conceptualizations of Europeanization pertain to Greece and in which ways. Another important consideration is related to the fact that the impact of the EU on each state elicits manifold responses and adaptation patterns. Hence, the various effects and influences need to be delineated so as to demarcate the extent and the degree of the impact effectuated by the EU. In this paper we try also to probe into the normative elements that relate to a broader democratization project propounded by the EU and the way that have been received by Greece, that is whether or not these elements have contributed to bringing about more democracy and how. In other words, by examining selected instances of political changes caused by Europeanization processes we will be able to assess what Europeanization means in terms of (domestic) democracy. So, the second factor that concerns this paper is how the impact of Europeanization on the institutions, politics and policies of Greece affects their democratic quality especially as regards the executive, the parliament, the parties and party system and civil society. That is, how Europeanization has been processed domestically mainly with respect to the democratic practices triggered by the interaction with the EU.
Study 1
Creators: name: Gazder, Taranah
name: Robson, Jennie
name: Stanton, Sarah
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: relationships
subject: schadenfreude

description: This study used a 2 (Target: stranger vs. partner) × 2 (Misfortune Deservingness: undeserved vs. deserved) between-subjects design to investigate feelings of schadenfreude experienced when witnessing another's misfortune.
A method for estimating treatment effects in clinical data associated with personalized medicine: a replication study
Creators: name: Xie, Zimeng
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: In this text, the methodology developed by Tian et al. is verified by the author via a number of
numerical simulations: an arbitrary collection of random variables are generated to represent baseline
covariates, and “true” treatment effect for each subject is calculated using a preset formula. By coding the treatment variable as ±1 and fitting the products of the treatment variable and baseline covariates
(which essentially are treatment/covariate interaction terms) in a LASSO regression model, a score could
be constructed to select a subgroup of patients who may benefit from a specific treatment. Subsequently,
the method is applied to the collection of random variables to determine treatment scores for all subjects.
Finally, Spearman’s correlation coefficients between treatment scores and treatment effect are calculated
to evaluate the performance of the score. A high Spearman’s correlation coefficient suggests that the
calculated score is a good predictor of “true” treatment effect, and vice versa.
Adaptive Streaming in P2P Live Video Systems: A Distributed Rate Control Approach
Creators: name: Natali, Laura
name: Merani, Maria Luisa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP (DASH) is a recently proposed standard that offers different versions of the same media content to adapt the delivery process over the Internet to dynamic bandwidth fluctuations and different user device capabilities. The peer-to-peer (P2P) paradigm for video streaming allows to leverage the cooperation among peers, guaranteeing to serve every video request with increased scalability and reduced cost. We propose to combine these two approaches in a P2P-DASH architecture, exploiting the potentiality of both. The new platform is made of several swarms, and a different DASH representation is streamed within each of them; unlike client-server DASH architectures, where each client autonomously selects which version to download according to current network conditions and to its device resources, we put forth a new rate control strategy implemented at peer site to maintain a good viewing quality to the local user and to simultaneously guarantee the successful operation of the P2P swarms. The effectiveness of the solution is demonstrated through simulation and it indicates that the P2P-DASH platform is able to warrant its users a very good performance, much more satisfying than in a conventional P2P environment where DASH is not employed. Through a comparison with a reference DASH system modeled via the Integer Linear Programming (ILP) approach, the new system is shown to outperform such reference architecture. To further validate the proposal, both in terms of robustness and scalability, system behavior is investigated in the critical condition of a flash crowd, showing that the strong upsurge of new users can be successfully revealed and gradually accommodated.
description: 12 pages, 17 figures, this work has been submitted to the IEEE journal on selected Area in Communications
An Expansive Subjecthood in Eighteenth-Century British North America: The Life and Perspectives of Sir Guy Carleton
Creators: name: Hunter, Lacey
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: This thesis examines subjecthood in British North America during the late eighteenth century through the lens of how a British official, Sir Guy Carleton, incorporated new subjects into the British Empire. The ‘new subjects’ discussed in my paper are French-Canadians, Indians, and ex-slaves. Through examining the course of Carleton’s life, this paper argues that his efforts to smoothly bring new subjects into the empire stemmed from his background within the British imperial system, particularly the military and public office. He believed that imperial control and the king’s protection was in everyone’s best interest and that obedient and content subjects were essential to the continuity of the growing empire. The era’s tendency of ethnocentricity clashed with the reality of an increasingly heterogeneous empire. Carleton’s professionalizing approach to his responsibilities in both the military and public office, however, affirmed Britain’s increasingly legally inclusive notions of subjecthood. His beliefs were particularly evident when he decisively acted to ensure the safety and evacuation of over 3,000 black loyalists, many of whom had been enslaved, out of the newly independent American colonies in 1783. Utilizing primary documents written both to and from Carleton, as well as other contemporary correspondence and works, this paper concludes that Carleton believed applying the law to all of His Majesty’s loyal subjects, of whatever race or ethnicity, would ensure a prosperous empire.
Universal jurisdiction and populism : is it possible to secure a genuine application of the principle of universal jurisdiction in the face of rising 21st century populism?
Creators: name: Ardabili, Vanessa
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2019
Subjects: populism
nationalism
extraterritoriality
criminal jurisdiction
international criminal law
human rights

description: Second semester University: University of Padua
description: In an increasingly populist world there are certain developments occurring which on one hand enhance the need for an extraterritorial principle like universal jurisdiction, on the other hand, however, render states less willing to make use of it – or at least less willing to use it for genuine reasons. The cause for such increased need in view of rising populism is primarily two-fold: more hate crimes against parts of populations are likely to occur, mandated by immune state officials pursuing their populist or nationalist agenda, and, at the same time, a larger number of persons are likely to be left without state protection, which they would be able to receive if another state, or body with judicial authority, stepped in through asserting universal jurisdiction. Causes for the decreased willingness, on the other hand, are ever-quoted concepts of state sovereignty, territorial integrity, and immunity from foreign judicial criminal proceedings – hence, nationalist attitudes one can observe infiltrating government policies more and more since the beginning of this century. In this time of political change, seemingly in contradiction to global notions of human rights and international criminal law, thus blurring the rationales behind universal jurisdiction assertions more than before, it seems to be forgotten that core human rights are at stake and people left without justice. This thesis picks up on that controversy in developments and identifies whether there are possibilities to secure a genuine, non-abusive, application of the principle of universal jurisdiction – thus, whether one can continue to count on universal jurisdiction as safeguard for human rights, and how this approach would need to look like more specifically adapted to the current world order and changed mind-sets of numerous state heads.
Multiple Redundancy Constants with Trickle
Creators: name: Coladon, Titouan
name: Vucinic, Malisa
name: Tourancheau, Bernard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Wireless sensor network protocols very often use the Trickle algorithm to govern information dissemination. For example, the widely used IPv6 Routing Protocol for Low-Power and Lossy Networks (RPL) uses Trickle to emit control packets. We derive an analytical model of Trickle to take into account multiple redundancy constants and the common lack of synchronization among nodes. Moreover, we demonstrate message count unfairness when Trickle uses a unique global redundancy constant because nodes with less neighbors transmit more often. Consequently, we propose a heuristic algorithm that calculates a redundancy constant for each node as a function of its number of neighbors. Our calculated redundancy constants reduce unfairness among nodes by distributing more equally the number of transmitted messages in the network. Our analytical model is validated by emulations of constrained devices running the Contiki Operating System and its IPv6 networking stack. Furthermore, results very well corroborate the heuristic algorithm improvements.
description: International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC - 2015), IEEE, IEEE, 2015, http://pimrc2015.eee.hku.hk/index.html
Detention of third-country nationals as an ‘ultimum refugium’ within the EU : reasoning, practice, systematic violations and the role of non-state actors: the case of Greece
Creators: name: Georgopoulou, Athanasia
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2015
Subjects: detention
European Union
Greece
immigration

description: Second semester University: Université de Montpellier.
description: The present thesis is dealing with immigration detention policy in EU, with a special focus on Greece. It aims to juxtapose theoretic and legal foundations of immigration detention to the everyday practice in Greece. Combining theory, law and practice we want to shed some light on the phenomenon of immigration detention. Our aim is double: firstly, to delegitimise the concept of immigration detention by showing the gap between theory, law and Greek practice and secondly, to explore the perception of and the reaction against the phenomenon by the Greek civil society. For this purpose, we deploy a descriptive approach. In our first part we are exploring different theoretical and philosophical explanations of the notions of sovereignty, security and detention. Our second part is a legal analysis of the current framework on the detention of migrants and asylum seekers, in three distinctive levels: international, European and domestic (Greek) one and of the coherence between them. Our third part is following the methodological approach of law in political science context. It examines the implementation of immigration detention practice in Greece since 2000, the shift after the governmental change of January 2015 and the response of the Greek civil society and its limits.
A multishock scenario for the formation of radio relics
Creators: name: Smolinski, David C.
name: Wittor, Denis
name: Vazza, Franco
name: Brüggen, Marcus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Radio relics are giant sources of diffuse synchrotron radio emission in the outskirts of galaxy clusters that are associated with shocks in the intracluster medium. Still, the origin of relativistic particles that make up relics is not fully understood. For most relics, diffusive shock acceleration (DSA) of thermal electrons is not efficient enough to explain observed radio fluxes. In this paper, we use a magneto-hydrodynamic simulation of galaxy clusters in combination with Lagrangian tracers to simulate the formation of radio relics. Using a Fokker-Planck solver to compute the energy spectra of relativistic electrons, we determine the synchrotron emission of the relic. We find that re-acceleration of fossil electrons plays a major role in explaining the synchrotron emission of radio relics. Particles that pass through multiple shocks contribute significantly to the overall luminosity of a radio relic and greatly boosts the effective acceleration efficiency. Furthermore, we find that the assumption that the luminosity of a radio relic can be explained with DSA of thermal electrons leads to an overestimate of the acceleration efficiency by a factor of more than $10^3$.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Decay of the Z' gauge boson with lepton flavor violation
Creators: name: Espinosa-Gomez, D.
name: Ramirez-Zavaleta, F.
name: Tututi, E. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The flavor-violating decay of a new neutral massive gauge boson $Z^\prime\toμe$ is analyzed in the context of extended models, in which this particle emerges. By means of the analysis of the $μ\to eγ$ decay, $μ-e$ conversion process in nuclei and the $μ\to e e^{+}e^{-}$ decay, the strength of the $Z^\primeμe$ coupling is estimated and used to calculate the branching ratio of the $Z^\prime\to μe$ decay. This is done for the so-called $Z_S,\,Z_{LR},\,Z_χ, Z_ψ$ and $Z_η$ bosons. We found that, through the $μ-e$ conversion process, the most restrictive bound for the coupling is provided by the $Z_{LR}$ boson. Meanwhile, by means of the $μ\to e e^{+}e^{-}$ decay, the most restrictive bound for the $Z^\primeμe$ coupling is provided by the $Z_χ$ boson. However, if we concentrate on the less restrictive prediction for the Br($Z^\prime\to μe$), this comes from the $Z_η$ boson and the resulting branching ratio is less than $10^{-4}$. On the other hand, if we consider the most restrictive bound, the branching ratio for the process is below $2\times 10^{-7}$, which results from the $Z_{RL}$ boson, and is obtained through the $μ-e$ conversion process.
description: 26 pages, 10 figures
Working to Heal White Supremacy: Spiritual Ontologies and Anti-Racist Activism
Creators: name: Osment, "Sunny" Quinn
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2019

description: In this thesis, I look to the significance of spiritual ontologies that illuminate the inherent interconnectedness and love among all beings as such ontologies are associated with anti-racist activism as they diverge from and challenge the operation of worldviews of whiteness. I explore larger questions about whiteness, its implications during the Trump-era whitelash, and the contemporary pertinence of spirituality in the face of white supremacy. This context situates my research questions about the spiritually informed sustenance of activism and its efficacy. I review the literature of the academic frameworks on which my research is contingent: critical whiteness studies and feminist epistemologies and spiritualities. I contend that spiritual ontologies work to theoretically and practically challenge ontologies of whiteness and oppression. The argument chapters of my thesis are comprised of content and textual investigations in activists’ propositions about the need for spirituality and spiritual values within anti-racist organizing. I consider activists deliberations on the conflicting ontologies of whiteness vs. spiritual ontologies, as these different worldviews conceptualize  of whiteness and the self in opposite ways. Under an ontology of whiteness, whiteness signifies domination and power, and the individual is inherently separated from others and self-interested, while in a spiritual world, whiteness is a distorted and deadly concept, and all selves are interrelated through suffering and love. I ultimately investigate a variety of activists’ proposals around implementing spiritual practice and love into their organizing, and argue that the spiritual activism they embody works to manifest the spiritual ontologies I define throughout the thesis.