cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Weakened Random Oracle Models with Target Prefix
Creators: name: Tezuka, Masayuki
name: Yoshida, Yusuke
name: Tanaka, Keisuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Weakened random oracle models (WROMs) are variants of the random oracle model (ROM). The WROMs have the random oracle and the additional oracle which breaks some property of a hash function. Analyzing the security of cryptographic schemes in WROMs, we can specify the property of a hash function on which the security of cryptographic schemes depends. Liskov (SAC 2006) proposed WROMs and later Numayama et al. (PKC 2008) formalized them as CT-ROM, SPT-ROM, and FPT-ROM. In each model, there is the additional oracle to break collision resistance, second preimage resistance, preimage resistance respectively. Tan and Wong (ACISP 2012) proposed the generalized FPT-ROM (GFPT-ROM) which intended to capture the chosen prefix collision attack suggested by Stevens et al. (EUROCRYPT 2007). In this paper, in order to analyze the security of cryptographic schemes more precisely, we formalize GFPT-ROM and propose additional three WROMs which capture the chosen prefix collision attack and its variants. In particular, we focus on signature schemes such as RSA-FDH, its variants, and DSA, in order to understand essential roles of WROMs in their security proofs.
Beyond Accessibility: Taking the Institutional Repository to the Next Generation
Creators: name: Gonzales, Sara
name: Viger, Guillaume
name: Carson, Matthew Brandon
name: Holmes, Kristi
Publisher: name: Galter Health Science Library & Learning Center
Year: 2019

description: This poster was presented at the Research Data Alliance's 13th Plenary in Philadelphia, PA, April 1 - 4, 2019. The poster won third prize in the Best Poster Award competition.
The supersymmetric Ruijsenaars-Schneider model
Creators: name: Blondeau-Fournier, Olivier
name: Desrosiers, Patrick
name: Mathieu, Pierre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An integrable supersymmetric generalization of the trigonometric Ruijsenaars-Schneider model is presented whose symmetry algebra includes the super Poincaré algebra. Moreover, its Hamiltonian is showed to be diagonalized by the recently introduced Macdonald superpolynomials. Somewhat surprisingly, the consistency of the scalar product forces the discreteness of the Hilbert space.
description: v1: 11 pages, 1 figure. v2: new format, 5 pages, short section added at the end of the article addressing the problem of consistency of the scalar product (e.g., positivity of the weight functions and the normalization of the ground state wave function). To appear in Physical Review Letters
Innermost stable circular orbit near dirty black holes in magnetic field and ultra-high energy particle collisions
Creators: name: Zaslavskii, O. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the behavior of the innermost stable circular orbit (ISCO) in the magnetic field near "dirty" (surrounded by matter) axially-symmetric black holes. The cases of near-extremal, extremal and nonextremal black holes are analyzed. For nonrotating black holes, in the strong magnetic field ISCO approaches the horizon (when backreaction of the field on geometry is neglected). Rotation destroys this phenomenon. The angular momentum and radius of ISCO look model-independent in the main approximation. We also study the collisions between two particles that results in the ultra-high energy $E_{c.m.}$ in the centre of mass frame. Two scenarios are considered - when one particle moves on the near-horizon ISCO or when collision occurs on the horizon, one particle having the energy and angular momentum typical of ISCO. If the magnetic field is strong enough and a black hole is slow rotating, $E_{c.m.}$ can become arbitrarily large. Kinematics of high-energy collision is discussed. As an example, we consider the magnetized Schwarzschild black hole for an arbitrary strength of the field (the Ernst solution). It is shown that backreaction of the magnetic field on the geometry can bound the growth of $E_{c.m.}$.
description: 32 pages. Final version
Characteristic’s, treatment, and outcomes of Dependent personality disorder: A systematic review of case report and case series
Creators: name: Merizalde, Diego
name: Jiménez, Lucía
name: Riofrio, Anderson
name: Salas Ligña, María de los Ángeles
name: Lagla Caiza, Licette Carolina
name: Villalva, Oscar
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Mental health services

description: Dependent personality disorder is characterized by excessive expressions of submissiveness and overvaluation towards the partner, and the persistent feeling of inability to make decisions on their own, if is not under the influence of someone else. A dependent personality may tolerate physical or psychological abuse by their protector to prevent them from being abandoned and having to respond for themselves.
Eigen mode computation of microwave and laser structures including PML
Creators: name: Hebermehl, Georg
name: Hübner, Friedrich-Karl
name: Schlundt, Rainer
name: Tischler, Thorsten
name: Zscheile, Horst
name: Heinrich, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Microwave device
subject: Optoelectronic device
subject: Simulation
subject: Maxwell's equations
subject: PML boundary condition
subject: Eigenvalue problem
subject: 35Q60
subject: 65F15
subject: 65N22

description: The field distribution at the ports of the transmission line structure is computed by applying Maxwell's equations to the structure. Assuming longitudinal homogeneity an eigenvalue problem can be derived, whose solutions correspond to the propagation constants of the modes. The nonsymmetric sparse system matrix is complex in the presence of losses and Perfectly Matched Layer. The propagation constants are found solving a sequence of eigenvalue problems of modified matrices with the aid of the invert mode of the Arnoldi method. Using coarse and fine grids, and a new parallel sparse linear solver, the method, first developed for microwave structures, can be applied also to high dimensional problems of optoelectronics.
On Absolute Equivalence and Linearization I
Creators: name: Clelland, Jeanne
name: Hu, Yuhao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we study the absolute equivalence between Pfaffian systems with a degree 1 independence condition and obtain structural results, particularly for systems of corank 3. We apply these results to understanding dynamic feedback linearization of control systems with 2 inputs.
description: 35 pages
Recurrent Neural-Linear Posterior Sampling for Nonstationary Contextual Bandits
Creators: name: Ramesh, Aditya
name: Rauber, Paulo
name: Conserva, Michelangelo
name: Schmidhuber, Jürgen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: An agent in a nonstationary contextual bandit problem should balance between exploration and the exploitation of (periodic or structured) patterns present in its previous experiences. Handcrafting an appropriate historical context is an attractive alternative to transform a nonstationary problem into a stationary problem that can be solved efficiently. However, even a carefully designed historical context may introduce spurious relationships or lack a convenient representation of crucial information. In order to address these issues, we propose an approach that learns to represent the relevant context for a decision based solely on the raw history of interactions between the agent and the environment. This approach relies on a combination of features extracted by recurrent neural networks with a contextual linear bandit algorithm based on posterior sampling. Our experiments on a diverse selection of contextual and noncontextual nonstationary problems show that our recurrent approach consistently outperforms its feedforward counterpart, which requires handcrafted historical contexts, while being more widely applicable than conventional nonstationary bandit algorithms. Although it is very difficult to provide theoretical performance guarantees for our new approach, we also prove a novel regret bound for linear posterior sampling with measurement error that may serve as a foundation for future theoretical work.
Near-Stability of a Quasi-Minimal Surface Indicated Through a Tested Curvature Algorithm
Creators: name: Ahmad, Daud
name: Masud, Bilal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We decrease the $rms$ mean curvature and area of a variable surface with a fixed boundary by iterating a few times through a curvature-based variational algorithm. For a boundary with a known minimal surface, starting with a deliberately chosen non-minimal surface, we achieve up to 65 percent of the total possible decrease in area. When we apply our algorithm to a bilinear interpolant bounded by four \emph{non-coplanar} straight lines, the area decrease by the same algorithm is only 0.116179 percent of the original value. This relative stability suggests that the bilinear interpolant is already a quasi-minimal surface.
description: 22 pages, 19 figures, 02 tables
Betwixt and between 2-factor Hamiltonian and Perfect-Matching-Hamiltonian graphs
Creators: name: Romaniello, Federico
name: Zerafa, Jean Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C45, 05C70, 05C76

description: A Hamiltonian graph is 2-factor Hamiltonian (2FH) if each of its 2-factors is a Hamiltonian cycle. A similar, but weaker, property is the Perfect-Matching-Hamiltonian property (PMH-property): a graph admitting a perfect matching is said to have this property if each one of its perfect matchings (1-factors) can be extended to a Hamiltonian cycle. It was shown that the star product operation between two bipartite 2FH-graphs is necessary and sufficient for a bipartite graph admitting a 3-edge-cut to be 2FH. The same cannot be said when dealing with the PMH-property, and in this work we discuss how one can use star products to obtain graphs (which are not necessarily bipartite, regular and 2FH) admitting the PMH-property with the help of malleable vertices, which we introduce here. We show that the presence of a malleable vertex in a graph implies that the graph has the PMH-property, but does not necessarily imply that it is 2FH. It was also conjectured that if a graph is a bipartite cubic 2FH-graph, then it can only be obtained from the complete bipartite graph $K_{3,3}$ and the Heawood graph by using star products. Here, we show that a cubic graph (not necessarily bipartite) is 2FH if and only if all of its vertices are malleable. We also prove that the above conjecture is equivalent to saying that, apart from the Heawood graph, every bipartite cyclically 4-edge-connected cubic graph with girth at least 6 having the PMH-property admits a perfect matching which can be extended to a Hamiltonian cycle in exactly one way. Finally, we also give two necessary and sufficient conditions for a graph admitting a 2-edge-cut to be: (i) 2FH, and (ii) PMH.
description: 19 pages, 15 figures
Deliverable D10.3: First year report on communication, dissemination and publication activities
Creators: name: Summerton, Louise
name: Ugarte, Sergio
name: van Iersel, Sjors
name: Morone, Piergiuseppe
name: Govoni, Francesca
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Communication
Dissemination
Events
Publications

description: Communication, dissemination and publication activities play a vital role within STAR-ProBio. The first year report on these activities lists activities carried out in all Work Packages during the period May 2017 – April 2018. These activities include framework activities for the whole project such as the establishment of a brand identity and ICT channels, and the elaboration of a Data Management Plan, and specific communication and dissemination activities such as interviews, surveys, workshops, webinars, meetings, scientific and general publications, etc. The report describes for all these activities the target groups reached and messages delivered. Finally, the report also includes an indicative list of expected communication, dissemination and publication activities for the second year of the project (May 2018 – April 2019).
Beltrami-Courant Differentials and $G_{\infty}$-algebras
Creators: name: Zeitlin, Anton M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the symmetry properties of two-dmensional sigma models, we introduce a notion of the Beltrami-Courant differential, so that there is a natural homotopy Gerstenhaber algebra related to it. We conjecture that the generalized Maurer-Cartan equation for the corresponding $L_{\infty}$ subalgebra gives solutions to the Einstein equations.
description: 22 pages, v4: minor revisions, to appear in Adv. Theor. Math. Phys
Data completion and stochastic algorithms for PDE inversion problems with many measurements
Creators: name: Roosta-Khorasani, Farbod
name: Doel, Kees van den
name: Ascher, Uri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Inverse problems involving systems of partial differential equations (PDEs) with many measurements or experiments can be very expensive to solve numerically. In a recent paper we examined dimensionality reduction methods, both stochastic and deterministic, to reduce this computational burden, assuming that all experiments share the same set of receivers. In the present article we consider the more general and practically important case where receivers are not shared across experiments. We propose a data completion approach to alleviate this problem. This is done by means of an approximation using an appropriately restricted gradient or Laplacian regularization, extending existing data for each experiment to the union of all receiver locations. Results using the method of simultaneous sources (SS) with the completed data are then compared to those obtained by a more general but slower random subset (RS) method which requires no modifications.
Emergent second law for non-equilibrium steady states
Creators: name: Freitas, Nahuel
name: Esposito, Massimiliano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Gibbs distribution universally characterizes states of thermal equilibrium. In order to extend the Gibbs distribution to non-equilibrium steady states, one must relate the self-information $\mathcal{I}(x) = -\log(P_\text{ss}(x))$ of microstate $x$ to measurable physical quantities. This is a central problem in non-equilibrium statistical physics. By considering open systems described by stochastic dynamics which become deterministic in the macroscopic limit, we show that changes $Δ\mathcal{I} = \mathcal{I}(x_t) - \mathcal{I}(x_0)$ in steady state self-information along deterministic trajectories can be bounded by the macroscopic entropy production $Σ$. This bound takes the form of an emergent second law $Σ+ k_b Δ\mathcal{I}\geq 0$, which contains the usual second law $Σ\geq 0$ as a corollary, and is saturated in the linear regime close to equilibrium. We thus obtain a tighter version of the second law of thermodynamics that provides a link between the deterministic relaxation of a system and the non-equilibrium fluctuations at steady state. In addition to its fundamental value, our result leads to novel methods for computing non-equilibrium distributions, providing a deterministic alternative to Gillespie simulations or spectral methods.
description: New section with a tighter version of the bound given by the emergent second law
Using Blockchain to Achieve Decentralized Privacy In IoT Healthcare
Creators: name: Meisami, Sajad
name: Beheshti-Atashgah, Mohammad
name: Aref, Mohammad Reza
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: With the advent of the Internet of Things (IoT), e-health has become one of the main topics of research. Due to the sensitivity of patient information, patient privacy seems challenging. Nowadays, patient data is usually stored in the cloud in healthcare programs, making it difficult for users to have enough control over their data. The recent increment in announced cases of security and surveillance breaches compromising patients' privacy call into question the conventional model, in which third-parties gather and control immense amounts of patients' Healthcare data. In this work, we try to resolve the issues mentioned above by using blockchain technology. We propose a blockchain-based protocol suitable for e-health applications that does not require trust in a third party and provides an efficient privacy-preserving access control mechanism. Transactions in our proposed system, unlike Bitcoin, are not entirely financial, and we do not use conventional methods for consensus operations in blockchain like Proof of Work (PoW). It is not suitable for IoT applications because IoT devices have resources-constraints. Usage of appropriate consensus method helps us to increase network security and efficiency, as well as reducing network cost, i.e., bandwidth and processor usage. Finally, we provide security and privacy analysis of our proposed protocol.
description: 6 pages
Comparison of SIA Defect Morphologies from Different Interatomic Potentials for Collision Cascades in W
Creators: name: Bhardwaj, Utkarsh
name: Sand, Andrea E.
name: Warrier, Manoj
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The morphology of defects formed in collision cascades is an essential aspect of the subsequent evolution of the microstructure. The morphological composition of a defect decides its stability, interaction, and migration properties. We compare the defect morphologies in the primary radiation damage caused by high energy collision cascades simulated using three different interatomic potentials in W. An automated method to identify morphologies of defects is used. While most defects form 1/2\3 dislocation loops, other specific morphologies include \1 dislocation loops, multiple loops clustered together, rings corresponding to C15 configuration and its constituent structures, and a combination of rings and dislocations. The analysis quantifies the distribution of defects among different morphologies and the size distribution of each morphology. We show that the disagreement between predictions of the different potentials regarding defect morphology is much stronger than the differences in predicted defect numbers.
description: methodology paper: arXiv:2009.14147, results in web-app: https://github.com/haptork/csaransh
An Auto-Generated Geometry-Based Discrete Finite Element Model for Damage Evolution in Composite Laminates with Arbitrary Stacking Sequence
Creators: name: Liu, Jiakun
name: Phoenix, Stuart Leigh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Stiffness degradation and progressive failure of composite laminates are complex processes involving evolution and multi-mode interactions among fiber fractures, intra-ply matrix cracks and inter-ply delaminations. This paper presents a novel finite element model capable of explicitly treating such discrete failures in laminates of random layup. Matching of nodes is guaranteed at potential crack bifurcations to ensure correct displacement jumps near crack tips and explicit load transfer among cracks. The model is entirely geometry-based (no mesh prerequisite) with distinct segments assembled together using surface-based tie constraints, and thus requires no element partitioning or enrichment. Several numerical examples are included to demonstrate the model's ability to generate results that are in qualitative and quantitative agreement with experimental observations on both damage evolution and tensile strength of specimens. The present model is believed unique in realizing simultaneous and accurate coupling of all three types of failures in laminates having arbitrary ply angles and layup.
All black holes in Lemaitre-Tolman-Bondi inhomogeneous dust collapse
Creators: name: Joshi, Pankaj S.
name: Malafarina, Daniele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Within the Lemaitre-Tolman-Bondi formalism for gravitational collapse of inhomogeneous dust we analyze the parameter space that leads to the formation of a globally covered singularity (i.e. a black hole) when some physically reasonable requirements are imposed (namely positive radially decreasing and quadratic profile for the energy density and avoidance of shell crossing singularities). It turns out that a black hole can occur as the endstate of collapse only if the singularity is simultaneous as in the standard Oppenheimer-Snyder scenario. Given a fixed density profile then there is one velocity profile for the infalling particles that will produce a black hole. All other allowed velocity profiles will terminate the collapse in a locally naked singularity.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures, matches published version
Rokhlin actions of finite groups on UHF-absorbing C*-algebras
Creators: name: Barlak, Selcuk
name: Szabo, Gabor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46L55, 46L35

description: This paper serves as a source of examples of Rokhlin actions or locally representable actions of finite groups on C*-algebras satisfying a certain UHF-absorption condition. We show that given any finite group $G$ and a separable, unital C*-algebra $A$ that absorbs $M_{|G|^\infty}$ tensorially, one can lift any group homomorphism $G\to\operatorname{Aut}(A)/{\approx_u}$ to an honest Rokhlin action $γ$ of $G$ on $A$. Unitality may be dropped in favour of stable rank one or being stable. If $A$ belongs to a certain class of C*-algebras that is classifiable by a suitable invariant (e.g. $K$-theory), then in fact every $G$-action on the invariant lifts to a Rokhlin action of $G$ on $A$. For the crossed product C*-algebra $A\rtimes_γG$ of a Rokhlin action on a UHF-absorbing C*-algebra, an inductive limit decomposition is obtained in terms of $A$ and $γ$. If $G$ is assumed to be abelian, then the dual action $\hatγ$ is locally representable in a very strong sense. We then show how some well-known constructions of finite group actions with certain predescribed properties can be recovered and extended by the main results of this paper, when paired with known classification theorems. Among these is Blackadar's famous construction of symmetries on the CAR algebra whose fixed point algebras have non-trivial $K_1$-groups. Lastly, we use the results of this paper to reduce the UCT problem for separable, nuclear C*-algebras to a question about certain finite group actions on $\mathcal{O}_2$.
description: this version is going to appear in Trans. Amer. Math. Soc
Camera Perspective Bias and Videorecorded Eyewitness Evidence
Creators: name: Kovera, Margaret Bull
name: Doherty, Kelsey
name: Fessinger, Melanie
name: Jones, Jennifer M.
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Law and Psychology
subject: Social Psychology
subject: Criminal Procedure
subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: eyewitness identification
subject: illusory causation
subject: camera perspective bias
subject: eyewitness credibility
subject: video-recorded evidence

description: The new scientific review paper commissioned by the American Psychology-Law Society recommends that police video-record eyewitness identification procedures. Video-recording will preserve an accurate record of the conditions under which the eyewitness made an identification and will allow legal decision makers to evaluate the identification for themselves without having to rely on another person’s account. However, little is known about how this new form of evidence will affect legal decisions. This study will examine whether the specific angle from which the identification procedure is recorded affects jurors’ decisions.
Métopes. Methods and tools for structured publishing, a data-driven approach
Creators: name: Roux, Dominique
name: Cannet, Edit
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: digital publishing
HSS
single source publishing
publishing workflow
university presses

description: This is an introduction to Métopes by Dominique Roux and Edith Cannet given at the workshop From Text to Structured Edition – Producing XML-TEI Content, at Göttingen State and University Library, december, 2018. The workshopwas organised by AEUP, in cooperation with the projects Métopes and HIRMEOS.

Métopes, developed at the Maison de la Recherche en Sciences Humaines in Caen as a project framework, aims to realize a set of tools and methods to allow the distribution of digital content in standardized environments with high interoperability potential. Métopes contributes to global rationalization of the publishing process by promoting the implementation of new multimedia distribution strategies and ensuring the sustainability of content and metadata. By supporting the production of standardised content (XML-TEI), the Métopes framework enables common catalogues or other content aggregation of associated publishers and content providers (metadata and content) in established industry standards such as ONIX.
On asymptotically free action of permutation groups on subsets and multisets
Creators: name: Sadov, Sergey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20B05, 05A16

description: Let $G$ be a permutation group acting on a finite set $Ω$ of cardinality $n$. The number of orbits of the induced action of $G$ on the set $Ω_m$ of all size $m$ subsets of $Ω$ satisfies the trivial inequalities $|Ω_m|/|G|\leq |Ω_m/G|\leq |Ω_m|$. The paper offers improvements of the upper bound in terms of the minimal degree of $G$ or the minimal degree of some its subset with a small complement. Applications include asymptotic enumeration of point configurations in an affine space over a finite field, unlabeled graphs and hypergraphs. Finally, with references to known results of permutation groups theory it is shown that if $G$ is an arbitrary 2-transitive group except for $S_n$ and $A_n$, then $|Ω_m/G|\approx |Ω_m|/|G|$ for $m$ and $n$ large provided the ratio $m/n$ is bounded away from 0 and 1. Similar results hold for the induced action of $G$ on the set $Ω_{(m)}$ of all weight $m$ multisets on $Ω$ provided the ratio $m/n$ is not too small.
description: 33 pp. In Russian. An improved version of the paper published in 'Diskretnaya Matematika' (translated as 'Discrete Mathematics and Applications', Walter de Gruyter)
On N-Distal Homeomorphisms
Creators: name: Rego, E.
name: Salcedo, J. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this work we exploit the notion of N-distal property for a homeomorphisms. We study how it behaves under factor operations. We investigate the relation between N-distality and transitivity, N-equicontinuity and expansivity. We also prove that topological topological entropy vanishes for N-distal systems on compact metric spaces with some nice behavior on the non-wandering set.
description: 12 pages
Simple Smale flows and their templates on $S^3$
Creators: name: Liu, Xiang
name: Zhao, Xuezhi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37C70, 57M27, 57R40

description: The embedded template is a geometric tool in dynamics being used to model knots and links as periodic orbits of $3$-dimensional flows. We prove that for an embedded template in $S^3$ with fixed homeomorphism type, its boundary as a trivalent spatial graph is a complete isotopic invariant. Moreover, we construct an invariant of embedded templates by Kauffman's invariant of spatial graphs, which is a set of knots and links. As application, the isotopic classification of simple Smale flows on $S^3$ is discussed.
description: 14 pages, 3 figures
Public Health master and Ph.D. programs in Germany: Systematic mapping of academic programs and stakeholder perspectives
Creators: name: Pedron, Sara
name: Saturska, Hanna
name: Laxy, Michael
name: Emmert-Fees, Karl
name: Hansen, Katrina
name: Stephan, Anna-Janina
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: International and Comparative Education
subject: Public Health
subject: Education
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Higher Education
subject: systematic mapping

description: This study aims to provide a comprehensive overview of public health and other population-level health science master and Ph.D. programs in Germany. A particular focus will be on characteristics of public health programs, including core curricula, target competencies and connection of programs to public health stakeholders and industry within the public health landscape.
On the connection between symmetric $N$-player games and mean field games
Creators: name: Fischer, Markus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60B10, 60K35, 91A06, 93E20

description: Mean field games are limit models for symmetric $N$-player games with interaction of mean field type as $N\to\infty$. The limit relation is often understood in the sense that a solution of a mean field game allows to construct approximate Nash equilibria for the corresponding $N$-player games. The opposite direction is of interest, too: When do sequences of Nash equilibria converge to solutions of an associated mean field game? In this direction, rigorous results are mostly available for stationary problems with ergodic costs. Here, we identify limit points of sequences of certain approximate Nash equilibria as solutions to mean field games for problems with It{ô}-type dynamics and costs over a finite time horizon. Limits are studied through weak convergence of associated normalized occupation measures and identified using a probabilistic notion of solution for mean field games.
Strong coupling of alkali spins to noble-gas spins with hour-long coherence time
Creators: name: Shaham, Roy
name: Katz, Or
name: Firstenberg, Ofer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nuclear spins of noble gases can maintain coherence for hours at ambient conditions owing to their extraordinary isolation by the enclosing, complete electronic shells. This isolation, however, impedes the ability to manipulate and control them by optical means or by physical coupling to other spin gases. Here we experimentally achieve strong coherent coupling between noble-gas spins and the optically-accessible spins of alkali-metal vapor. Stochastic spin-exchange collisions, underlying the coupling, accumulate to a coherent periodic exchange of spin excitations between the two gases. We obtain a coupling rate 10 times higher than the decay rate, observe the resultant avoided crossing in the spectral response of the spins, and demonstrate the external control over the coupling by magnetic fields. These results open a route for efficient and rapid interfacing with noble-gas spins for applications in quantum sensing and information.
Universal out-of-equilibrium dynamics of 1D critical quantum systems perturbed by noise coupled to energy
Creators: name: Christopoulos, Alexios
name: Doussal, Pierre Le
name: Bernard, Denis
name: De Luca, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider critical one dimensional quantum systems initially prepared in their groundstate and perturbed by a smooth noise coupled to the energy density. By using conformal field theory, we deduce a universal description of the out-of-equilibrium dynamics. In particular, the full time-dependent distribution of any $2$--pt chiral correlation function can be obtained from solving two coupled ordinary stochastic differential equations. In contrast with the general expectation of heating, we demonstrate that the system reaches a non-trivial and universal stationary state characterized by broad distributions. As an example, we analyse the local energy density: while its first moment diverges exponentially fast in time, the stationary distribution, which we derive analytically, is symmetric around a negative median and exhibits a fat tail with $3/2$ decay exponent. We obtain a similar result for the entanglement entropy production associated to a given interval of size $\ell$. The corresponding stationary distribution has a $3/2$ right tail for all $\ell$, and converges to a one-sided Levy stable for large $\ell$. Our results are benchmarked via analytical and numerical calculations for a chain of non-interacting spinless fermions with excellent agreement.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures, Supplemental material (16 pages)
Freeze-In Dark Matter within the Seesaw mechanism
Creators: name: Lucente, Michele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the minimal Type-I Seesaw mechanism can successfully account for the observed dark matter abundance in the form of a keV sterile neutrino. This population can be produced by the decay of the heavier neutral leptons, with masses above the Higgs mass scale, while they are in thermal equilibrium in the early Universe (freeze-in). Moreover, the implementation of the relevant phenomenological constraints (relic abundance, indirect detection and structure formation) on this model automatically selects a region of the parameter space featuring an approximate lepton number symmetry.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures. v3: matches the version accepted for publication on Physics Letters B
title: Renormalization and applications of baryon distribution amplitudes in QCD
Creators: name: Rohrwild, Jürgen Holger
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantenchromodynamik , Renormierung , Integrierbarkeit , Baryon , Lichtkegelsummenregeln , konforme Symmetrie , Distributionsamplituden , light-cone sum rules , conformal symmetry , distribution amplitudes
subject: 530 Physik

description: Higher-twist effects are relevant for precision calculations of hard exclusive reactions. Furthermore, they reveal fine details of the hadron structure. In this work we construct an operator basis for arbitrary twist respecting the conformal symmetry of QCD (which is realized on 1-loop level). Using this basis the 1-loop renormalization kernels of twist 4 are constructed for baryon operators. The full spectrum of anomalous dimensions and the multiplicatively renormalizable operators is obtained. As an application of these results the radiative N*(1535) decay is discussed. Employing light-cone sum rule, the transition form factors can be directly related to the N* distribution amplitudes.
description: Effekte höheren Twistes sind relevant für Präzisionsrechnungen von harten exklusiven Reaktionen. Darüberhinaus geben sie Einblick in feinere Details der Hadronstruktur. In dieser Arbeit konstruieren wir eine Operatorbasis beliebigen Twistes, die die auf 1-Schleifenniveau gegebene konforme Symmetrie der QCD respektiert. Mit ihrer Hilfe werden die die 1-Schleifen-Renormierungskerne für Baryon-Operatoren vom Twist 4 konstruiert. Das vollständige Spektrum der anomalen Dimensionen und die multiplikativ renormierbaren Operatoren werden bestimmt. Als eine Anwendung dieser Resultate wird der radiative N*(1535) Zerfall diskutiert. Die Formfaktoren dieses Prozesses werden mit Hilfe von Lichtkegelsummenregeln direkt mit den N* Distributionsamplituden in Verbindung gebracht.
Quantum simulation of topological Majorana bound states and their universal quantum operations using charge-qubit arrays
Creators: name: Mao, Ting
name: Wang, Z. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Majorana bound states have been a focus of condensed matter research for their potential applications in topological quantum computation. Here we utilize two charge-qubit arrays to explicitly simulate a DIII class one-dimensional superconductor model where Majorana end states can appear. Combined with one braiding operation, universal single-qubit operations on a Majorana-based qubit can be implemented by a controllable inductive coupling between two charge qubits at the ends of the arrays. We further show that in a similar way, a controlled-NOT gate for two topological qubits can be simulated in four charge-qubit arrays. Although the current scheme may not truly realize topological quantum operations, we elaborate that the operations in charge-qubit arrays are indeed robust against certain local perturbations.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
A Protocol for a Scoping Review on Rural Oral Health Research Activity in the United Kingdom
Creators: name: Vindya Gayathri
name: Gussy, Mark
name: Nelson, David
name: Cooke, Samuel
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Public Health
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Dentistry
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: oral health
subject: rural health
subject: scoping review
subject: United Kingdom
subject: protocol
subject: dental health

description: Introduction: There is evidence that rural populations have a higher prevalence of oral diseases and dental treatment needs than their urban counterparts. Epidemiological data suggests that clear disparities exist concerning the oral health status, behaviours, utilisation of oral health services, and provision of oral health services in rural compared to urban populations. Whilst there is growing international evidence that has explored the impact of rurality on oral health outcomes, there remains limited evidence in the context of the United Kingdom (UK) where there is a considerable proportion of rural dwellers. Undertaking a scoping review to identify and map the existing research activity on rural oral health in the UK is therefore important in ascertaining the extent and nature of scientific activity in this area as well as identifying gaps in the field that can inform future research questions. The objective of this scoping review is to assess the extent and nature of oral health research that has been conducted among rural populations in the UK. Methods and Analysis: The review will adhere to the Joanna Briggs Institute’s nine stage guidance for conducting scoping reviews. Articles of all empirical study designs that report quantitative and/or qualitative data in relation to oral health in rural areas of the UK, published in peer-reviewed academic journals in the English language will be included in the review. The following databases will be searched using a combination of keywords and medical subject headings: PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO. Relevant journals (e.g., British Dental Journal, Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology and Journal of Rural Health) will also be searched to retrieve relevant literature. Supplementary searching will be performed in Google Scholar in addition to reference lists of included literature. Titles, abstracts, and full texts will be screened independently by two reviewers. Data from included papers will be extracted using a pre-determined data extraction form. Results will be tabulated and synthesised narratively. Risk of bias will be assessed using an appropriate tool based on the study design. Ethics and Dissemination: This is a desk-based review of the available academic literature and so ethical approval is not required. The results will be disseminated via a scientific publication in a peer-reviewed journal, presentation at appropriate conferences and discussions with key stakeholders at a local and national level.
Gravitational Lensing by Charged Accelerating Black Holes
Creators: name: Frost, Torben C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Current astrophysical observations show that on large scale the Universe is electrically neutral. However, locally this may be quite different. Black holes enveloped by a plasma in the presence of a strong magnetic field may have acquired a significant electric charge. We can also expect that some of these charged black holes are moving. Consequently to describe them we need spacetime metrics describing moving black holes. In general relativity such a solution is given by the charged C-de Sitter-metric. In this article we will assume that it can be used to describe moving charged black holes. We will investigate how to observe the electric charge using gravitational lensing. First we will use elliptic integrals and functions to solve the geodesic equations. Then we will derive lens equation, travel time and redshift. We will discuss the impact of the electric charge on these observables and potential limitations for its observation.
description: Submitted Conference Proceedings for 16th Marcel Grossmann Meeting, fixed typos/formulations
Moving perturbation in a one-dimensional Fermi gas
Creators: name: Visuri, A. -M.
name: Kim, D. -H.
name: Kinnunen, J. J.
name: Massel, F.
name: Törmä, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We simulate a balanced attractively interacting two-component Fermi gas in a one-dimensional lattice perturbed with a moving potential well or barrier. Using the time-evolving block decimation method, we study different velocities of the perturbation and distinguish two velocity regimes based on clear differences in the time evolution of particle densities and the pair correlation function. We show that, in the slow regime, the densities deform as particles are either attracted by the potential well or repelled by the barrier, and a wave front of hole or particle excitations propagates at the maximum group velocity. Simultaneously, the initial pair correlations are broken and coherence over different sites is lost. In contrast, in the fast regime, the densities are not considerably deformed and the pair correlations are preserved.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
Least squares Monte Carlo methods in stochastic Volterra rough volatility models
Creators: name: Guerreiro, Henrique
name: Guerra, João
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Pricing of Securities (q-fin.PR)
subject: Computational Finance (q-fin.CP)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: 60G15, 60G22, 68T07, 91G20, 91G60, 91G30

description: In stochastic Volterra rough volatility models, the volatility follows a truncated Brownian semi-stationary process with stochastic vol-of-vol. Recently, efficient VIX pricing Monte Carlo methods have been proposed for the case where the vol-of-vol is Markovian and independent of the volatility. Following recent empirical data, we discuss the VIX option pricing problem for a generalized framework of these models, where the vol-of-vol may depend on the volatility and/or not be Markovian. In such a setting, the aforementioned Monte Carlo methods are not valid. Moreover, the classical least squares Monte Carlo faces exponentially increasing complexity with the number of grid time steps, whilst the nested Monte Carlo method requires a prohibitive number of simulations. By exploring the infinite dimensional Markovian representation of these models, we device a scalable least squares Monte Carlo for VIX option pricing. We apply our method firstly under the independence assumption for benchmarks, and then to the generalized framework. We also discuss the rough vol-of-vol setting, where Markovianity of the vol-of-vol is not present. We present simulations and benchmarks to establish the efficiency of our method.
description: 30 pages, 11 figures
A weighted Möbius function
Creators: name: Garton, Derek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20K01 (Primary), 05E15 (Secondary)

description: For a fixed odd prime $\ell$, we define a variant of the classical Möbius function on the poset of isomorphism classes of finite abelian $\ell$-groups, then we prove an analog of Hall's theorem on the vanishing of the Möbius function.
description: 7 pages, new introduction, updated references
Ethical issues of involving people with intellectual disabilities in genomic research: a scoping review of literature
Creators: name: Chepkirui, Dorothy
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Bioethics and Medical Ethics
subject: Scoping review
subject: Intellectual disability
subject: Research ethics

description: A scoping review of literature to out existing issues, guidance, and gaps in research in involving people with Intellectual disability. With an aim of identifying potential solutions and therefore providing solid scientific and social value for research participation.
Riesz transform characterizations for multidimensional Hardy spaces
Creators: name: Kania-Strojec, Edyta
name: Preisner, Marcin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 42B30, Secondary 42B25, 33C45, 47D03

description: We study Hardy space $H^1_L(X)$ related to a self-adjoint operator $L$ defined on Euclidean domain $X \subseteq \mathbb{R}^d$. Under certain assumptions on the heat semigroup $\exp(-tL)$ we prove characterization of $H^1_L(X)$ by the Riesz transforms related to $L$. As an application, we prove the Riesz transform characterization for multidimensional Bessel and Laguerre operators.