cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
MOESM2 of Prognostic significance of peripheral CD8+CD28+ and CD8+CD28â T cells in advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients treated with chemo(radio)therapy
Creators: name: Liu, Chao
name: Jing, Wang
name: An, Ning
name: Li, Aijie
name: Yan, Weiwei
name: Zhu, Hui
name: Yu, Jinming
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2: Table S1. Demographics.
A stable and robust method to identify modules of functionally coherent genes
Creators: name: Takhar, Mandeep Kaur
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: Complex cellular functions are carried out by the coordinated activity of networks of genes and gene products. In order to understand mechanisms of disease and disease pathogenesis, it is crucial to develop an understanding of these complex interactions. Microarrays provide the potential to explore large scale cellular networks by measuring the expression of thousands of genes simultaneously. The purpose of our project is to develop a stable and robust method that can identify, from such gene expression data, modules of genes that are involved in a common functional role. These modules can be used as a first step in systems scale analyses to extract valuable information from various gene expression studies. Our method constructs modules by identifying genes that are co-expressed across many diseases. We use peripheral blood microarray samples from patients having one of several diseases and cluster the genes in each disease group separately. We then identify genes that cluster together across all disease groups to construct our modules. We first use our method to construct baseline peripheral blood modules relevant to the lung using 5 groups of peripheral blood microarray samples that were collected as controls for separate studies. An enrichment analysis using gene sets from a number of pathway and ontology databases reveals the biological significance of our modules. We utilize our background modules by doing an enrichment analysis on a list of genes that were differentially expressed in a COPD case vs. control study and identify modules that are enriched in that list. Although a similar approach has been used to identify modules of genes that are coordinately expressed across multiple conditions, we show that our method is an improvement as it is robust to the order in which the different disease datasets are presented to the algorithm. We also apply our procedure to 3 different datasets including a COPD dataset, a COPD normal dataset and a lung tissue dataset. We then assess the stability of our method by performing a resampling experiment on our module construction procedure and find that our method repeatedly produces modules with high concordance which is measured by Jaccard distance.
Hydrogeomorphic controls on spatial pattern of fish habitat in a mountain stream
Creators: name: Cienciala, Piotr
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: Spatial heterogeneity and arrangement of physical habitat strongly influence stream-dwelling organisms. A primary objective of this dissertation was to examine how hydrogeomorphic controls – channel morphology, bed sediment, and flow hydraulics – shape spatial patterns of habitat for small-bodied trout. Two complementary habitat types, spawning and foraging habitat, were investigated to gain more comprehensive understanding of these linkages. A secondary objective of the dissertation was to evaluate the effects of sample size on errors in estimates of hydraulic parameters critical for understanding channel dynamics and quantifying fish habitat. This research was conducted in four reaches of a small mountain stream with different channel morphologies and sediment textures. High resolution field surveys and a hydrodynamic model were used to map channel morphology, sediment, and flow properties. Habitat models, which included a bioenergetic foraging model, were then applied to evaluate fish habitat availability, quality, and disturbance at within and between-reach scales. Results indicated existence of two distinct spawning habitat domains. In coarser reaches with simple morphologies potential spawning substrate occurred only in small, hydraulically sheltered areas, which were also at high risk of disturbance due to excess fine sediment accumulation. In finer, pool-riffle reaches potential spawning substrate covered large proportion of the bed and was largely unaffected by fine sediment disturbance. Bed scour generally did not seem to be an important disturbance agent. During low flow, the most energetically profitable foraging habitat was located in deep, slow-flowing pools and zones of strong lateral gradients of velocity. Cross-channel patterns of net energy intake appeared to vary with fish body size. During high flow, however, energetically profitable habitat occurred mainly near the banks. The mean net energy intake and the proportion of channel area where fish energy budget was positive were somewhat higher in the reaches with better developed pool-riffle morphology, but the former trend partially reversed during high flow. Error analysis indicated that sample sizes commonly used in river science to represent hydraulic variables may generate large sampling errors. Errors of this magnitude in the estimated bed roughness parameter caused substantial differences in the flow field predicted by a hydrodynamic model.
STUDY OF GENETIC DIVERSITY OF WHEAT (Triticum aestivum L.) GENOTYPES UNDER TERAI AGROCLIMATIC CONDITIONS
Creators: name: Poddar, Sourik
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: Rice-wheat cropping is the major cropping system on 13.5 mha in the Indo-Gangetic plains (IGP) (Pathak et al., 2003; Panigrahy et al., 2011) producing about 50% of the total food grain and feeding 40% of India population (Gupta et al., 2016). Now, this rice-wheat cropping system has started showing declining trends in marginal yield due to ‘heat stress' problem in last decade. Early onset of significantly higher temperature coincided with wheat grain filling stage especially in Indo-Gangetic plains leading to terminal heat stress and reduction in yield. The present investigation has been carried out with 50 advanced genotypes of wheat targeted for heat stressed areas to assess the genetic diversity of wheat genotypes for yield and yield components along with physiological attributes and also to screen the genotypes against prevailing diseases of this area. Among the morpho-phenetic traits, only days to heading, plant height, awn length, spike length, spikelet per spike, 1000 grain weight and biological yield showed significant variation between genotypes. AUCIPC value calculated on the basis of Chlorophyll Index (CI), was highest in ENTRY 1 which indicated higher retention of chlorophyll at maturity. Canopy Temperature Depression (CTD) showed higher value for 13 genotypes at later stages which signified high physiological efficiency for these genotypes. Correlation study indicated cooler canopy temperature leads to higher grain yield and increased biomass. In terms of spot blotch resistance, no genotype was found either moderately resistant (MR) or resistant (R) category. D 2 analysis showed significant diversity between genotypes and it divided 50 genotypes into 5 clusters. In terms inter cluster distance value, most divergent cluster was found as cluster I and V. Five principal components (PCs) showed Eigen value >1.00, which accounted for 69.03% of cumulative proportion of variance. Biplot curve showed, in PC 1 characters such as BY, PH, GPS, AUCIPC had high positive loadings while AUDPC and CTD had negative loadings. In PC 2, GY and HI had high positive loadings while DF had negative loading. Also, strong positive correlation was found between GY, BY, GPS while negative association between GY and DF , CTD and PH. The correlation analysis among the 15 characters showed that only eight traits (GER, PH, AL, SL, GPS, AUCIPC, BY and HI) were positively associated with grain yield. AUCIPC was found positively correlated with PH, CTD, BY and GY. AUDPC was found to be positively correlated with HI whereas negatively correlated with DF, PH, GPS, AUCIPC and BY. This indicated that higher disease severity was negatively associated with high chlorophyll index value.
Additional file 1 of Optimization of COVID-19 prevention and control measures during the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics: a model-based study
Creators: name: Kong, Lingcai
name: Duan, Mengwei
name: Shi, Jin
name: Hong, Jie
name: Zhou, Xuan
name: Yang, Xinyi
name: Zhao, Zheng
name: Huang, Jiaqi
name: Chen, Xi
name: Yin, Yun
name: Li, Ke
name: Liu, Yuanhua
name: Liu, Jinggang
name: Wang, Xiaozhe
name: Zhang, Po
name: Xie, Xiyang
name: Li, Fei
name: Chang, Zhaorui
name: Zhang, Zhijie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Scenario setting and evaluation index results.
Investigations in Calabi-Yau modularity and mirror symmetry
Creators: name: McGovern, Joseph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This is the author's PhD thesis. Two main sections address various aspects of mirror symmetry for compact Calabi-Yau threefolds and the roles that classically modular varieties play in string theory compactifications. The main results include a study, and finding an application to the higher genus problem, of infinite Coxeter symmetries in the sets of Gopakumar-Vafa invariants; provision of a new class of solutions to the supersymmetric flux vacuum equations which have elsewhere been conjectured to give weight-two modular manifolds; provision of two new conjectural examples of weight-four modular varieties (rank-two attractors); and discussion of a set of numerical relations between infinite sums of Gromov-Witten invariants and critical L-values.
description: This unofficial definitive version fixes a few trivial typos that survive in the ORA submission
Layer-by-layer pH-sensitive nanoparticles for drug delivery and controlled release with improved therapeutic efficacy in vivo
Creators: name: Men, Wanfu
name: Zhu, Peiyao
name: Dong, Siyuan
name: Liu, Wenke
name: Zhou, Kun
name: Bai, Yu
name: Liu, Xiangli
name: Gong, Shulei
name: Zhang, Shuguang
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biophysics
Biochemistry
Space Science
Medicine
Cell Biology
Pharmacology
Biotechnology
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Cancer

description: In this work, a pH-sensitive liposome–polymer nanoparticle (NP) composed of lipid, hyaluronic acid (HA) and poly(β-amino ester) (PBAE) was prepared using layer-by-layer (LbL) method for doxorubicin (DOX) targeted delivery and controlled release to enhance the cancer treatment efficacy. The NP with pH-sensitivity and targeting effect was successfully prepared by validation of charge reversal and increase of hydrodynamic diameter after each deposition of functional layer. We further showed the DOX-loaded NP had higher drug loading capacity, suitable particle size, spherical morphology, good uniformity, and high serum stability for drug delivery. We confirmed that the drug release profile was triggered by low pH with sustained release manner in vitro. Confocal microscopy research demonstrated that the NP was able to effectively target and deliver DOX into human non-small cell lung carcinoma (A549) cells in comparison to free DOX. Moreover, the blank NP showed negligible cytotoxicity, and the DOX-loaded NP could efficiently induce the apoptosis of A549 cells as well as free DOX. Notably, in vivo experiment results showed that the DOX-loaded NPs effectively inhibited the growth of tumor, enhanced the survival of tumor-bearing mice and improved the therapeutic efficacy with reduced side-effect comparing with free drug. Therefore, the NP could be a potential intelligent anticancer drug delivery carrier for cancer chemotherapy, and the LbL method might be a useful strategy to prepare multi-functional platform for drug delivery.
The role of BIN1 in the regulation of cell proliferation, apoptosis and tumor formation in cutaneous T-cell lymphoma
Creators: name: Esmailzadeh, Sharmin
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: Cutaneous T-cell lymphomas (CTCLs) represent a group of lymphoproliferative disorders characterized by homing of malignant T-cells to the skin’s surface. There are two main types of CTCL: Mycosis Fungoides (MF) and Sezary Syndrome (SS). We have demonstrated that expression of the Abelson helper integration site-1 (AHI-1) oncogene is significantly increased in CD4⁺CD7- cells from SS patients. Bridging integrator 1 (BIN1) has been identified by microarray analysis of CTCL cells as a candidate gene involved in AHI-1-mediated lymphomagenesis. Interestingly, BIN1expression is significantly reduced in SS patient samples. However, the role of BIN1 and its molecular connection to AHI-1 in lymphomagenesis remains unexplored. I extensively investigated the role of key BIN1 isoforms in primary and CTCL cell line model systems both in vitro and in vivo. I demonstrated that overexpression/restored expression of BIN1 isoforms has strong anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic roles in CTCL cells in vitro, and significantly inhibits the tumorigenic activity of these cells in vivo. The pro-apoptotic role of BIN1 in CTCL cells occurs through downregulation of c-FLIP, a critical inhibitor of Fas/FasL-mediated apoptosis. I also observed significant reduction and increase in BIN1 and c-FLIP transcripts in primary CTCL samples, respectively. Interestingly, high BIN1 and low c-FLIP transcripts correlated with better survival rate in SS patients. Thus, BIN1 deficiency may play an important role in CTCL pathogenesis by causing apoptosis resistance. Furthermore, I explored potential mechanisms by which AHI-1 leads to downregulation of BIN1, by (1) examining if AHI-1 physically interacts with BIN1; and (2) determining if AHI-1 alters transcription of BIN1 by changing the methylation status of the BIN1 promoter. These experiments did not yield direct evidence of these two potential mechanisms of AHI-1’s role in BIN1 suppression. Thus, the mechanism by which AHI-1 regulates BIN1 remains unknown. Nevertheless, several potential BIN1 interacting proteins were uncovered in CTCL cells, including α/β-tubulin and β-actin. Overall, this study provides the first evidence of strong tumor suppressor activity of BIN1 in CTCL. It points to the loss of BIN1 and subsequent upregulation of c-FLIP as an important mechanism to induce apoptosis resistance in CTCL cells, and identifies BIN1 and c-FLIP as potential CTCL therapeutic targets.
Identification of novel inhibitor of protein tyrosine phosphatases delta: structure-based pharmacophore modeling, virtual screening, flexible docking, molecular dynamics simulation, and post-molecular dynamics analysis
Creators: name: Ma, Yang-Chun
name: Yang, Bing
name: Wang, Xin
name: Zhou, Liang
name: Li, Wei-Ya
name: Liu, Wen-Shan
name: Lu, Xin-Hua
name: Zheng, Zhi-Hui
name: Ma, Ying
name: Wang, Run-Ling
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Owing to their unique functions in regulating the synapse activity of protein tyrosine phosphatases delta (PTPδ) that has drawn special attention for developing drugs to autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). In this study, the PTPδ pharmacophore was first established by the structure-based pharmacophore method. Subsequently, 10 compounds contented Lipinski’s rule of five was acquired by the virtual screening of the PTPδ pharmacophore against ZINC and PubChem databases. Then, the 10 identified molecules were discovered that had better binding affinity than a known PTPδ inhibitors compound SCHEMBL16375396. Two compounds SCHEMBL16375408 and ZINC19796658 with high binding score, low toxicity were gained. They were observed by docking analysis and molecular dynamics simulations that the novel potential inhibitors not only possessed the same function as SCHEMBL16375396 did in inhibiting PTPδ, but also had more favorable conformation to bind with the catalytic active regions. This study provides a new method for identify PTPδ inhibitor for the treatment of ASDs disease. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma
Phase Transitions, Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking, and Goldstone's Theorem
Creators: name: Fröhlich, Jürg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 82-02, 82B26

description: Some important rigorous results on phase transitions accompanied by the spontaneous breaking of symmetries in statistical mechanics and relativistic quantum field theory are reviewed. Basic ideas, mainly inspired by quantum field theory, underlying the proofs of some of these results are sketched. The Goldstone theorem is proven, and the Mermin-Wagner-Hohenberg theorem concerning the absence of continuous symmetry breaking in one and two dimensions is recalled. Comments concerning rigorous results on the Kosterlitz-Thouless transition in the two-dimensional classical XY model are made.
description: 25 pages, 0 figures, contribution to Encyclopedia of Condensed Matter Physics, Second Edition, T. Chakraborty (ed), Elsevier 2024
Identification of Novel Inhibitor of Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases Delta: Structure-Based Pharmacophore Modeling, Virtual Screening, Flexible Docking, Molecular Dynamics Simulation, and Post-Molecular Dynamics Analysis
Creators: name: Ma, Yang-Chun
name: Yang, Bing
name: Wang, Xin
name: Zhou, Liang
name: Li, Wei-Ya
name: Liu, Wen-Shan
name: Lu, Xin-Hua
name: Zheng, Zhi-Hui
name: Ma, Ying
name: Wang, Run-Ling
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Owing to their unique functions in regulating the synapse activity of Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases Delta (PTPδ) that has drawn special attention for developing drugs to Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASDs). In this study, the PTPδ pharmacophore was first established by the structure based pharmacophore method. Subsequently, 10 compounds contented Lipinski’s rule of five was acquired by the virtual screening of the PTPδ pharmacophore against ZINC and PubChem databases. Then, the 10 identified molecules were discovered that had better binding affinity than a known PTPδ inhibitors compound SCHEMBL16375396. Two compounds SCHEMBL16375408 and ZINC19796658 with high binding score, low toxicity were gained. They were observed by docking analysis and molecular dynamics simulations that the novel potential inhibitors not only possessed the same function as SCHEMBL16375396 did in inhibiting PTPδ, but also had more favorable conformation to bind with the catalytic active regions. This study provides a new method for identify PTPδ inhibitor for the treatment of ASDs disease.
Practical Path-based Bayesian Optimization
Creators: name: Folch, Jose Pablo
name: Odgers, James
name: Zhang, Shiqiang
name: Lee, Robert M
name: Shafei, Behrang
name: Walz, David
name: Tsay, Calvin
name: van der Wilk, Mark
name: Misener, Ruth
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: There has been a surge in interest in data-driven experimental design with applications to chemical engineering and drug manufacturing. Bayesian optimization (BO) has proven to be adaptable to such cases, since we can model the reactions of interest as expensive black-box functions. Sometimes, the cost of this black-box functions can be separated into two parts: (a) the cost of the experiment itself, and (b) the cost of changing the input parameters. In this short paper, we extend the SnAKe algorithm to deal with both types of costs simultaneously. We further propose extensions to the case of a maximum allowable input change, as well as to the multi-objective setting.
description: 6 main pages, 12 with references and appendix. 4 figures, 2 tables. To appear in NeurIPS 2023 Workshop on Adaptive Experimental Design and Active Learning in the Real World
Global Public Goods: The Case for the Global Earth Observation System of Systems
Creators: name: Machon, Miloslav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The debate surrounding the provision of welfare by state institutions has been widely discussed in the field of political economics since the 1930s. Related research also focuses on welfare supply at an international system level. This article assesses whether international cooperation in the area of sharing remote sensing data leads to the supply of global public goods, which to date has not yet been discussed in related scholarly literature. The supply of global public goods is assessed within the GEO international regime and leads to the use of the non-rivalrous GEOSS, which can be accessed by every socio-economic group in every UN member country including future generations. However, providing the benefit of GEOSS is not always favourable because of the low number of financially participating consumers.
description: This is the translated version of the paper that was already published in Czech language
Bourdieu and Latour in STS : "Let's leave aside all the facts for a while"
Creators: name: Nelson, Lee Claiborne
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: Through the lens of the English-speaking Science and Technology Studies (STS) community, the relationship between Pierre Bourdieu and Bruno Latour has remained semi-opaque. This thesis problematizes the Anglo understanding of the Bourdieu-Latour relationship and unsettles the resolve that maintains the distance that STS has kept from Bourdieu. Despite many similarities between these two scholars, Bourdieu has remained a distant figure to STS despite his predominance in disciplines from which STS frequently borrows and the relevance of his corpus to topics dear to the heart of STS. This is in part due to Latour's frequent criticisms of Bourdieu by name, Latour’s philosophical disagreements with Kant and neoKantians, and Latour’s prestige in STS, and partially due to Bourdieu’s somewhat indirect or orthogonal ways of addressing natural and physical sciences and technology. Due to the fact that the writings of both needed to be translated from the original French to be received by Anglo audiences, important cultural, stylistic, and rhetorical nuances were lost, mistranslated, or not translated across the linguistic and geographical divides. Including these distinctions is invaluable to understanding their relationship and further weakens the justification for Bourdieu's absence from STS.
Additional file 1 of The correlation of pericoronary adipose tissue with coronary artery disease and left ventricular function
Creators: name: You, Deshu
name: Yu, Haiyang
name: Wang, Zhiwei
name: Wei, Xiaoyu
name: Wu, Xiangxiang
name: Pan, Changjie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mental Health
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. The PCAT intra- and interobserver consistencies.
Supplementary document for Orientation of the NV centers are determined using the cylindrical vector beam array - 6290268.pdf
Creators: name: Li, Ziyan
name: Zhang, Ning
name: guo, ji
name: Guo, Qiang
name: Yu, Tingting
name: Zhang, Mengshi
name: Wang, Guanxue
name: Gao, Xiumin
name: Zhang, Xuedian
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Detailed parameter
Parvoviral interactions with the cytoskeleton : exposing vimentin – the forgotten player
Creators: name: Fay, Nikta
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: There are three structurally and functionally distinct cytoskeleton components: actin filaments, microtubules, and intermediate filaments (IFs). Among the three cytoskeleton networks IFs are understudied; consequently, there is a lack of information about the role of IFs during early viral infection. IFs have long been known to serve structural functions within the cell, and recently, additional functions have been elucidated, including novel roles during infection by many viruses. During early infection with the parvovirus minute virus of mice (MVM), prior to viral replication, I have found that the virus induces dramatic morphological changes in mouse fibroblast cells. This observed change in the shape of infected cells may be a result of the virus using the host cytoskeleton to aid in the mechanism of intracellular trafficking. Thus, this thesis focuses on MVM and its effects on the cytoskeleton components, especially IFs, during infection. Using fluorescence microscopy techniques, I found that during early infection with MVM, after endosomal escape, the vimentin IF network was considerably altered, yielding collapsed immunofluorescence staining near the nuclear periphery. Furthermore, I found that vimentin plays an important role in the infection cycle of MVM. The number of cells successfully replicating MVM was reduced in infected cells in which the vimentin network was pharmacologically modified or in cells lacking a vimentin network; viral endocytosis, however, remained unaltered. Perinuclear accumulation of MVM-containing vesicles and progression of MVM through the endocytic pathway was reduced in cells lacking vimentin. Cells lacking vimentin, accumulated virions in early endosomes up to 2 h post-infection compared to wild type cells. Thus, my data supports a model where vimentin facilitates a productive MVM infection, presenting possibly a dual role: (1) during progression of MVM through the endocytic pathway and (2) following MVM escape from endosomes.
Contextualized word senses: from attention to compositionality
Creators: name: Gamallo, Pablo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The neural architectures of language models are becoming increasingly complex, especially that of Transformers, based on the attention mechanism. Although their application to numerous natural language processing tasks has proven to be very fruitful, they continue to be models with little or no interpretability and explainability. One of the tasks for which they are best suited is the encoding of the contextual sense of words using contextualized embeddings. In this paper we propose a transparent, interpretable, and linguistically motivated strategy for encoding the contextual sense of words by modeling semantic compositionality. Particular attention is given to dependency relations and semantic notions such as selection preferences and paradigmatic classes. A partial implementation of the proposed model is carried out and compared with Transformer-based architectures for a given semantic task, namely the similarity calculation of word senses in context. The results obtained show that it is possible to be competitive with linguistically motivated models instead of using the black boxes underlying complex neural architectures.
Cost-effectiveness of targeted screening for the identification of patients with atrial fibrillation: evaluation of a machine learning risk prediction algorithm
Creators: name: Hill, Nathan R.
name: Sandler, Belinda
name: Mokgokong, Ruth
name: Lister, Steven
name: Ward, Thomas
name: Boyce, Rebecca
name: Farooqui, Usman
name: Gordon, Jason
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Virology

description: Aims: As many cases of atrial fibrillation (AF) are asymptomatic, patients often remain undiagnosed until complications (e.g. stroke) manifest. Risk-prediction algorithms may help to efficiently identify people with undiagnosed AF. However, the cost-effectiveness of targeted screening remains uncertain. This study aimed to assess the cost-effectiveness of targeted screening, informed by a machine learning (ML) risk prediction algorithm, to identify patients with AF. Methods: Cost-effectiveness analyses were undertaken utilizing a hybrid screening decision tree and Markov disease progression model. Costs and outcomes associated with the detection of AF compared traditional systematic and opportunistic AF screening strategies to targeted screening informed by a ML risk prediction algorithm. Model analyses were based on adults ≥50 years and adopted the UK NHS perspective. Results: Targeted screening using the ML risk prediction algorithm required fewer patients to be screened (61 per 1,000 patients, compared to 534 and 687 patients in the systematic and opportunistic strategies) and detected more AF cases (11 per 1,000 patients, compared to 6 and 8 AF cases in the systematic and opportunistic screening strategies). The targeted approach demonstrated cost-effectiveness under base case settings (cost per QALY gained of £4,847 and £5,544 against systematic and opportunistic screening respectively). The targeted screening strategy was predicted to provide an additional 3.40 and 2.05 QALYs per 1,000 patients screened versus systematic and opportunistic strategies. The targeted screening strategy remained cost-effective in all scenarios evaluated. Limitations: The analysis relied on assumptions that include the extended period of patient life span and the lack of consideration for treatment discontinuations/switching, as well as the assumption that the ML risk-prediction algorithm will identify asymptomatic AF. Conclusions: Targeted screening using a ML risk prediction algorithm has the potential to enhance the clinical and cost-effectiveness of AF screening, improving health outcomes through efficient use of limited healthcare resources.
title: Scutari crisis
title: Scutari crisis
Creators: name: Kasmi, Marenglen
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Belagerung von Shkodër [1912-1913]
subject: Shkodër (Albania)--History--Siege, 1912-1913

description: The Scutari Crisis illustrates questions surrounding the creation of the new Albanian state at the beginning of the 20th century and the transformation of the aims of the First Balkan War from a liberating war against the Ottoman Empire to a war for expansion of territories by the Balkan states.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
title: Armenian Revolutionary Federation (ARF)
title: Armenian Revolutionary Federation (ARF)
Creators: name: Altintas, Toygun
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Hay Yeġap̕oxakan Dašnakc̕owt̕iwn
subject: H.H. Dashnaktsʻutʻiwn
subject: Armenian question

description: With branches in the Ottoman Empire, Russia, and Iran, the Armenian Revolutionary Federation (''Hay Heghapokhagan Dashnaktsutiun'') was the leading Armenian political party during the First World War. The party leaders and cadres in the Russian and Ottoman Empires adopted different strategies and tactics during the War. The party’s influence waned in the region after the Armenian Genocide and the Bolshevik takeover of the First Republic of Armenia.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
Object Detector Differences when using Synthetic and Real Training Data
Creators: name: Ljungqvist, Martin Georg
name: Nordander, Otto
name: Skans, Markus
name: Mildner, Arvid
name: Liu, Tony
name: Nugues, Pierre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.4.0; I.2.10; I.5.0

description: To train well-performing generalizing neural networks, sufficiently large and diverse datasets are needed. Collecting data while adhering to privacy legislation becomes increasingly difficult and annotating these large datasets is both a resource-heavy and time-consuming task. An approach to overcome these difficulties is to use synthetic data since it is inherently scalable and can be automatically annotated. However, how training on synthetic data affects the layers of a neural network is still unclear. In this paper, we train the YOLOv3 object detector on real and synthetic images from city environments. We perform a similarity analysis using Centered Kernel Alignment (CKA) to explore the effects of training on synthetic data on a layer-wise basis. The analysis captures the architecture of the detector while showing both different and similar patterns between different models. With this similarity analysis we want to give insights on how training synthetic data affects each layer and to give a better understanding of the inner workings of complex neural networks. The results show that the largest similarity between a detector trained on real data and a detector trained on synthetic data was in the early layers, and the largest difference was in the head part. The results also show that no major difference in performance or similarity could be seen between frozen and unfrozen backbone.
description: 27 pages. The Version of Record of this article is published in Springer Nature Computer Science 2023, and is available online at https://doi.org/10.1007/s42979-023-01704-5
A Holistic Approach for Trustworthy Distributed Systems with WebAssembly and TEEs
Creators: name: Ménétrey, Jämes
name: Grüter, Aeneas
name: Yuhala, Peterson
name: Oeftiger, Julius
name: Felber, Pascal
name: Pasin, Marcelo
name: Schiavoni, Valerio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Publish/subscribe systems play a key role in enabling communication between numerous devices in distributed and large-scale architectures. While widely adopted, securing such systems often trades portability for additional integrity and attestation guarantees. Trusted Execution Environments (TEEs) offer a potential solution with enclaves to enhance security and trust. However, application development for TEEs is complex, and many existing solutions are tied to specific TEE architectures, limiting adaptability. Current communication protocols also inadequately manage attestation proofs or expose essential attestation information. This paper introduces a novel approach using WebAssembly to address these issues, a key enabling technology nowadays capturing academia and industry attention. We present the design of a portable and fully attested publish/subscribe middleware system as a holistic approach for trustworthy and distributed communication between various systems. Based on this proposal, we have implemented and evaluated in-depth a fully-fledged publish/subscribe broker running within Intel SGX, compiled in WebAssembly, and built on top of industry-battled frameworks and standards, i.e., MQTT and TLS protocols. Our extended TLS protocol preserves the privacy of attestation information, among other benefits. Our experimental results showcase most overheads, revealing a 1.55x decrease in message throughput when using a trusted broker. We open-source the contributions of this work to the research community to facilitate experimental reproducibility.
description: This publication incorporates results from the VEDLIoT project, which received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 957197
DEP Bulletin:Volume 39 Issue 4
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2015

description: The DEP bulletin is a semi-monthly publication of the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection. It contains a list of construction permit applications recently filed or acted upon by the Department along with a calendar of events of interest, a schedule of public hearings, and Environmental Impact Statements acted upon during the period.
The mechanistic pathways of species interactions in an African savanna
Creators: name: Ford, Adam T.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: Quantifying the interactions that govern the abundance and distribution of large African mammals is an opportunity to understand the forces structuring ecological communities and a means to inform conservation practice in a changing world. I paired experimental manipulations with correlative observations taken over expansive scales to quantify the mechanisms shaping interactions between trophic levels in an African savanna. Chapter 2 addresses the non-consumptive effects of predation risk on the behavior of a small and territorial antelope, Guenther’s dik-dik (Madoqua guentheri). Studies have suggested that mobile prey avoid areas of heightened risk, but few such studies have been carried out on territorial organisms whose movement is constrained by their neighbors. My findings showed that use of familiar areas increased after exposure to a cue of risk, such that predators may reinforce rather than override territoriality in dik-dik. Chapter 3 unifies risk-avoidance behavior in a medium-sized antelope, the impala (Aepyceros melampus), and plant defense (thorns) to explain the spatial distribution of plant community structure. My findings showed that plants can persist in landscapes characterized by intense herbivory, either by defending themselves or by thriving in risky areas where carnivores hunt. Chapter 4 explores the cascading effects of wild dog recolonization (Lycaon pictus) on dik-dik and trees. Previous work has equated a positive correlation between plant and large carnivore biomass to a trophic cascade, thereby inferring mechanisms by which carnivores suppress herbivores which then releases plants from herbivory. My results showed suppression of herbivores by carnivores and of plants by herbivores, coupled with a positive correlation between carnivore and plant biomass that, together, did not give rise to a trophic cascade. There was no trophic cascade because the effect of herbivory, as measured by replicated herbivore exclosures, was the same in the presence and absence of wild dogs. Chapter 5 summarizes the main findings and limitations of this dissertation, and provides a framework for quantifying trophic cascades in systems dominated by large carnivores. Put together, this dissertation reinforces the vital role of a mechanistic approach to quantifying trophic interactions in large mammals.
title: Monte Grappa, Battle of
title: Monte Grappa, Battle of
Creators: name: Cutolo, Francesco
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Piaveschlachten
subject: Piave, 1st Battle of the, Italy, 1917

description: After the battle of Caporetto, the Austro-German army launched several attacks against Mount Grappa to break through the Italian line. The battle was fought in two phases: between 13 and 26 November, and between 11 and 21 December 1917. The Italian army successfully resisted the Austro-German offensive.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
SARS-CoV-2 variant timemaps
Creators: name: Warren, Rene
name: Birol, Inanc
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: SARS-CoV-2
COVID-19
SARS variants
GISAID
Interactive SVG
genome timemaps

description: The attached compressed file package supplements our research article. It comprises SARS-CoV-2 variant timemaps SVG files for 2020 and 2021, updated with data submitted to GISAID as of February 10th 2021 (inclusive). It is a snapshot of the webpage hosting these maps (https://bcgsc.github.io/SARS2) on that day and includes the script and single nucleotide variation (SNV) report files used to generate these and could be used by anyone to generate additional and custom interactive SVG maps. The frequently updated and comprehensive SARS-CoV-2 genome SNV reports (https://www.bcgsc.ca/downloads/btl/SARS-CoV-2/mutations) represent a wealth of variant information that could be mined to gain further insights into the rapid SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus evolution in human hosts.
description: This version contains: updated variant data and maps (September 17, 2021) and updated PERL scripts to generate the maps (general bug fixes, fix for GISAID records with misspelled region names, additional features to improve map interactivity with integral pan/zoom/rotate/draggable/colorhighlight/toggle support, custom variant input and refactored code, added label to graph). Fixed maps associated with this release.
title: Ḥusayn Kāmil, Sultan of Egypt
title: Ḥusayn Kāmil, Sultan of Egypt
Creators: name: Anderson, Kyle J.
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Hussein, Kamil
subject: Ḥusayn Kāmil, Sultan of Egypt, 1853-1917

description: Husayn Kamil was the first sultan of Egypt after the declaration of the British protectorate, from 1914-1917. After ascending to the throne on 18 December 1914, he survived two assassination attempts and collaborated with British military efforts.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
Вопросы теории и практики коррупционной деятельности государственной власти: сельскохозяйственный аспект
Creators: name: Бакаляс Александра Сергеевна
name: Тепляшин Иван Владимирович
Publisher: name: Эпоха науки
Year: 2018
Subjects: коррупция
противодействие коррупции
антикоррупционное правосознание
государственный и муниципальный служащий
антикоррупционный мониторинг
борьба с коррупцией
антикоррупционная политика
corruption
anti-corruption
anticorruption sense of justice
state
and municipal employee
anticorruption monitoring
anti-corruption policy

description: В статье рассматривается сущность и характерные черты коррупции, раскрывается содержательная характеристика коррупции. Показывается, какие последствия несет такое общественное явление как коррупция. Автором указывается, что противодействие коррупции является стратегической задачей российского государства. Исследуется понятие и особенности антикоррупционного механизма, анализируются нормативные основы антикоррупционного механизма на современном этапе развития нашего государства. Характеризуются меры, направленные на противодействию коррупции, которые в российском государстве реализованы. Обосновывается, что антикоррупционные меры, содержащиеся в различных нормативных актах, не носят комплексного характера. Выделяется ряд мер, направленных на противодействие коррупции в России. Делается вывод о том, что необходимо для эффективного противодействия коррупции. Предложены меры, направленные на совершенствование российской системы противодействия коррупции.
description: The article considers the essence and characteristic features of corruption, reveals a substantial characteristic of corruption. Shows what the implications of such a social phenomenon as corruption. The author States that anti-corruption is a strategic task of the Russian state. Explores the concept and characteristics of the anti-corruption mechanism, analyzes the regulatory framework of anti-corruption mechanism at the present stage of development of our state. Characterized by measures aimed at countering corruption, which the Russian state implemented. It is reasoned that anti-corruption measures contained in the various regulations, is not comprehensive. A number of measures aimed at combating corruption in Russia. It is concluded that it is necessary for the effective combating of corruption. The proposed measures aimed at improving the Russian system of counteraction of corruption.
ARTROSIS PREMATURA EN DEPORTISTAS. REVISIÓN DE LA LITERATURA ACTUAL.
Creators: name: Araujo, Guillermo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 110314 Orthopaedics
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Las actividades deportivas están tomando más popularidad en las últimas décadas y se considera como un pilar fundamental para obtener buena salud. Esta está siendo considerada como un factor de riesgo de desarrollar artrosis prematura en ciertos deportistas en los últimos años (1,2). Es así que la medicina deportiva ha optado por investigar una posible relación causal entre la actividad deportiva y la osteoartrosis (OA) (principalmente en deportes de alto impacto) (3,4). La prevalencia actual de OA es aproximadamente del 15% en la población en general y un 6% en personas mayores de 30 años (7). Asimismo se prevé que esta alcance el 35% para el 2030 convirtiéndola en la principal causa de discapacidad a nivel mundial(5,6), teniendo una prevalencia del 6% en personas mayores de 30 años (7).