cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
ROLE OF MARSUPIALIZATION IN MANAGEMENT OF PEDIATRIC ODONTOGENIC CYSTS: TWO CASE REPORTS
Creators: name: Kaiss, Fatima Zahra
name: Mtalsi, Maria
name: Samira, El Arabi
Publisher: name: Atlantic Center for Research Sciences
Year: 2023

description: RESUME 
 
Introduction: Marsupialization is a conservative approach used for the treatment of large odontogenic cysts. In children, it aims to preserve and promote eruption of the tooth germs involved in the cystic lesion, as well as maintain the integrity of surrounding anatomical structures. Objective: The aim of this study was to illustrate the importance of marsupialization in the treatment of odontogenic cysts in children, through a case report of two clinical cases. Case report: We report the cases of two odontogenic cysts treated by marsupialization in two children consulting the pediatric odontology department of the dental consultation and treatment center in Casablanca, Morocco. The first case involved a 9-year-old boy consulting for facial asymmetry associated with a left latero-mandibular mass. The second case involved a 7-year-old girl who presented with a median maxillary bone swelling, slightly deported to the left side. Both patients presented odontogenic cysts and were treated by marsupialization. Discussion: Both patients showed a good clinical and radiological evolution with the resolution of the cystic lesion and the eruption of teeth involved in it. Conclusion: Despite the variability of therapies proposed for odontogenic cyst treatment, marsupialization remains a therapeutic option, requiring careful patient selection and long, rigorous follow-up, but offering several advantages, particularly for children. 
Keywords: odontogenic cyst, marsupialization, pediatric dentistry.
Orthogonal polynomials in the Cumulative Ord family and its application to variance bounds
Creators: name: Afendras, Giorgos
name: Balakrishnan, Narayanaswamy
name: Papadatos, Nickos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 60E05, 62E99, 05E35, 42A61, Secondary 60E15

description: This article presents and reviews several basic properties of the Cumulative Ord family of distributions; this family contains all the commonly used discrete distributions. A complete classification of the Ord family of probability mass functions is related to the orthogonality of the corresponding Rodrigues polynomials. Also, for any random variable $X$ of this family and for any suitable function $g$ in $L^2(\mathbb{R},X)$, the article provides useful relationships between the Fourier coefficients of $g$ (with respect to the orthonormal polynomial system associated to $X$) and the Fourier coefficients of the forward difference of $g$ (with respect to another system of polynomials, orthonormal with respect to another distribution of the system). Finally, using these properties, a class of bounds for the variance of $g(X)$ is obtained, in terms of the forward differences of $g$. These bounds unify and improve several existing results.
description: 31 pages, 1 Table
On The Efficiency of Jet Production in Radio Galaxies
Creators: name: Nemmen, Rodrigo S.
name: Tchekhovskoy, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The mechanisms that produce and power relativistic jets are fundamental open questions in black hole (BH) astrophysics. In order to constrain these mechanisms, we analyze the energy efficiency of jet production 'eta' based on archival Chandra observations of 27 nearby, low-luminosity active galactic nuclei. We obtain 'eta' as the ratio of the jet power, inferred from the energetics of jet powered X-ray emitting cavities, to the BH mass accretion rate Mdot_BH. The standard assumption in estimating Mdot_BH is that all the gas from the Bondi radius 'r_B' makes it down to the BH. It is now clear, however, that only a small fraction of the gas reaches the hole. To account for this effect, we use the standard disk mass-loss scaling, Mdot(r) \propto (r/r_B)^s Mdot_Bondi. This leads to much lower values of Mdot_BH and higher values of 'eta' than in previous studies. If hot accretion flows are characterized by 0.50.6 are essentially ruled out, or there would be insufficient energy to power the jets. We discuss the implications of our results for the distribution of massive BH spins and the possible impact of a significant extra cold gas supply on our estimates.
description: MNRAS, accepted. 13 pages, 7 figures. Updated with referee's suggestions
Power Counting of Contact-Range Currents in Effective Field Theory
Creators: name: Valderrama, M. Pavón
name: Phillips, Daniel R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the power counting of two-body currents in nuclear effective field theories (EFTs). We find that the existence of non-perturbative physics at low energies, which is manifest in the existence of the deuteron and the 1S0 NN virtual bound state, combined with the appearance of singular potentials in versions of nuclear EFT that incorporate chiral symmetry, modifies the renormalization-group flow of the couplings associated with contact operators that involve nucleon-nucleon pairs and external fields. The order of these couplings is thereby enhanced with respect to the naive-dimensional-analysis estimate. Consequently, short-range currents enter at a lower order in the chiral EFT than has been appreciated up until now, and their impact on low-energy observables is concomitantly larger. We illustrate the changes in the power counting with a few low-energy processes involving external probes and the few-nucleon systems, including electron-deuteron elastic scattering and radiative neutron capture by protons.
description: 5 pages. Minor revisions. Conclusions unchanged. Version to appear in Physical Review Letters
Probing the Effect of Molecular Structure Saddling on Ultrafast Charge Migration via Time-Resolved X-ray Diffraction
Creators: name: Giri, Sucharita
name: Tremblay, Jean Christophe
name: Dixit, Gopal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Metal-corroles are macrocycle organic molecules with numerous practical applications. In particular, copper corroles exhibit an interesting saddled geometry, which has attracted significant attention from theoreticians and experimentalists over the years. The present work is dedicated to understand the effect of structural saddling in a copper corrole on potential probe signals via imaging ultrafast coherent electron dynamics. A linearly polarized pulse is used to trigger the electron dynamics and time-resolved x-ray diffraction is employed to image the triggered dynamics. It is found that the symmetry reduction in the time-resolved diffraction signals and electronic flux densities is a signature of the saddling in a copper corrole during ultrafast charge migration. Moreover, analysis of the electronic flux density reveals that the diagonal nitrogen atoms mediate coherent charge migration between them via a central copper atom. Correlation of the flux densities and the diffraction signals indicates that the signature of the charge migration is encoded in time-resolved diffraction signals. A comparison of the static diffraction signals of nonsaddled planar copper porphyrin and saddled nonplanar copper corrole in their ground states is made.
description: 17 pages, 7 figures
Iron status, thyroid dysfunction and iron deficiency anemia: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study—Supplementary material
Creators: name: Xianjun, Huang
name: Guo, Tianhong
name: Wu, Yuqin
name: Xu, Qi
name: Dai, Junliang
name: Huang, Yuanshuai
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 320507
subject: Metabolic medicine

description: Based on large-scale European population-based GWAS data, we used Mendelian randomization to explore the causal relationship between iron status and thyroid dysfunction, and analyzed the relationship between thyroid dysfunction and the risk of iron deficiency anemia.
Spoke-Darts for High-Dimensional Blue-Noise Sampling
Creators: name: Mitchell, Scott A.
name: Ebeida, Mohamed S.
name: Awad, Muhammad A.
name: Park, Chonhyon
name: Patney, Anjul
name: Rushdi, Ahmad A.
name: Swiler, Laura P.
name: Manocha, Dinesh
name: Wei, Li-Yi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Blue noise sampling has proved useful for many graphics applications, but remains underexplored in high-dimensional spaces due to the difficulty of generating distributions and proving properties about them. We present a blue noise sampling method with good quality and performance across different dimensions. The method, spoke-dart sampling, shoots rays from prior samples and selects samples from these rays. It combines the advantages of two major high-dimensional sampling methods: the locality of advancing front with the dimensionality-reduction of hyperplanes, specifically line sampling. We prove that the output sampling is saturated with high probability, with bounds on distances between pairs of samples and between any domain point and its nearest sample. We demonstrate spoke-dart applications for approximate Delaunay graph construction, global optimization, and robotic motion planning. Both the blue-noise quality of the output distribution and the adaptability of the intermediate processes of our method are useful in these applications.
description: 19 pages, 22 figures
Discrete-Time System of an Intracellular Delayed HIV Model with CTL Immune Response
Creators: name: Vaz, Sandra
name: Torres, Delfim F. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: In [Math. Comput. Sci. 12 (2018), no. 2, 111--127], a delayed model describing the dynamics of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) with Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes (CTL) immune response is investigated by Allali, Harroudi and Torres. Here, we propose a discrete-time version of that model, which includes four nonlinear difference equations describing the evolution of uninfected, infected, free HIV viruses, and CTL immune response cells and includes intracellular delay. Using suitable Lyapunov functions, we prove the global stability of the disease free equilibrium point and of the two endemic equilibrium points. We finalize by making some simulations and showing, numerically, the consistence of the obtained theoretical results.
description: This is a preprint whose final form is published by Springer Nature Switzerland AG in the book 'Dynamic Control and Optimization'
k.p theory for two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenide semiconductors
Creators: name: Kormányos, Andor
name: Burkard, Guido
name: Gmitra, Martin
name: Fabian, Jaroslav
name: Zólyomi, Viktor
name: Drummond, Neil D.
name: Fal'ko, Vladimir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present $\mathbf{k}\cdotp\mathbf{p}$ Hamiltonians parametrised by {\it ab initio} density functional theory calculations to describe the dispersion of the valence and conduction bands at their extrema (the $K$, $Q$, $Γ$, and $M$ points of the hexagonal Brillouin zone) in atomic crystals of semiconducting monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides. We review the parametrisation of the essential parts of the $\mathbf{k}\cdotp\mathbf{p}$ Hamiltonians for MoS$_2$, MoSe$_2$, WS$_2$, and WSe$_2$, including the spin-splitting and spin-polarisation of the bands, and we discuss the vibrational properties of these materials. We then use $\mathbf{k}\cdotp\mathbf{p}$ theory to analyse optical transitions in two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides over a broad spectral range that covers the Van Hove singularities in the band structure (the $M$ points). We also discuss the visualisation of scanning tunnelling microscopy maps.
description: topical review, 52 pages, 16 MB. The arXiv version contains a couple of more relevant experimental references, which have appeared very recently, than the published version
¡Qué viene la IA! ¿Estoy preparada/o?
Creators: name: Fonseca-Escudero, David
name: García-Peñalvo, Francisco José
name: Llorens-Largo, Faraón
name: Molona-Carmona, Rafael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Inteligencia Artificial
Inteligencia Artificial Generativa
ChatGPT
Educación

description: Conferencia interactiva impartida el 19 de octubre de 2023 en el VII Congreso Internacional sobre Aprendizaje, Innovación y Cooperación. CINAIC 2023, celebrado en la Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros de Minas y Energía de la Universidad Politécnica de Madrid.
 
La inteligencia artificial (IA) se ha convertido en un tema candente y es crucial que el profesorado se prepare para su impacto. En esta conferencia, impartida de forma colaborativa por cuatro profesores universitarios, exploraremos cómo la IA ya está transformando la educación en múltiples aspectos. Los profesores deben aprender de la IA para aprovechar sus herramientas en el aula, aprender sobre la IA para comprender su funcionamiento y aprender con la IA para adaptar sus métodos de enseñanza. Esto abre un abanico de oportunidades, pero también plantea amenazas en términos de la automatización de trabajos docentes y la privacidad de los datos de los estudiantes, entre otros aspectos. La IA está aquí para quedarse y su influencia en la educación es innegable. El profesorado debe estar preparados para aprovechar las oportunidades que ofrece, al tiempo que abordar los desafíos éticos, de seguridad y de privacidad. Es fundamental que los educadores se mantengan actualizados y se adapten a este mundo tecnológico en constante evolución. La IA puede ser una aliada poderosa en la enseñanza, pero su aplicación debe ser cuidadosamente considerada y guiada por valores éticos sólidos. La educación del futuro dependerá en gran medida de cómo se aborde la integración de la IA en las aulas y cómo se prepare al estudiantado para un mundo impulsado por tecnologías inteligentes que ya dejaron de ser una posibilidad futurible para convertirse en una realidad cotidiana.
Final Report: McIntire-Stennis Project GUA0930: Building a Terrestrial Biodiversity Inventory for Guam
Creators: name: Moore, Aubrey
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: GBIF
GoldenGate Imagine

description: Final Report: McIntire-Stennis Project GUA0930: Building a Terrestrial Biodiversity Inventory for Guam
Ligand unbinding pathway and mechanism analysis assisted by machine learning and graph methods
Creators: name: Bray, Simon
name: Tänzel, Victor
name: Wolf, Steffen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We present two methods to reveal protein-ligand unbinding mechanisms in biased unbinding simulations by clustering trajectories into ensembles representing unbinding paths. The first approach is based on a contact principal component analysis for reducing the dimensionality of the input data, followed by identification of unbinding paths and training a machine learning model for trajectory clustering. The second approach clusters trajectories according to their pairwise mean Euclidean distance employing the neighbor-net algorithm, which takes into account input data bias in the distances set and is superior to dendrogram construction. Finally, we describe a more complex case where the reaction coordinate relevant for path identification is a single intra-ligand hydrogen bond, highlighting the challenges involved in unbinding path reaction coordinate detection.
description: This preprint is the unformatted version of a manuscript that has been published as article in the Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling and can be downloaded for private use only. Copyright with ACS, the journal and the authors
Life after BERT: What do Other Muppets Understand about Language?
Creators: name: Lialin, Vladislav
name: Zhao, Kevin
name: Shivagunde, Namrata
name: Rumshisky, Anna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Existing pre-trained transformer analysis works usually focus only on one or two model families at a time, overlooking the variability of the architecture and pre-training objectives. In our work, we utilize the oLMpics benchmark and psycholinguistic probing datasets for a diverse set of 29 models including T5, BART, and ALBERT. Additionally, we adapt the oLMpics zero-shot setup for autoregressive models and evaluate GPT networks of different sizes. Our findings show that none of these models can resolve compositional questions in a zero-shot fashion, suggesting that this skill is not learnable using existing pre-training objectives. Furthermore, we find that global model decisions such as architecture, directionality, size of the dataset, and pre-training objective are not predictive of a model's linguistic capabilities.
title: World History Connected, Vol. 14 No. 3: Fall 2017
title: Fall 2017
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: World History Connected
Publisher: name: World History Connected
Year: 2023

description: Antoinette Burton and Tony Ballantyne, eds., World Histories from Below: Disruption and Dissent, 1750 to the Present Valerie A. Kivelson and Ronald Grigor Suny, Russia's Empires Richard Jean So, Transpacific Community: America, China, and the Rise and Fall of a Cultural Network Jonathan Lamb, Scurvy: The Disease of Discovery Valerie Hansen, The Silk Road: A New History with Documents Glenda Sluga and Patricia Clavin, eds., Internationalisms: A Twentieth-Century History Jan C. Jansen and Jürgen Osterhammel, Decolonization: A Short History Reading Vermeer's Hat: A Professional Reading Model for Novice World Historians Identities in Crisis: Representations of Other and Self in Manchuria during the Plague Years of 1910–1911 Embracing the Pejorative, Challenging Authority: Resistance in Philippine and African and African Diaspora Contexts Modernizing the Colony: Ports in Colonial Philippines, 1880–1908 Violence and Imagination: Conquering the Chinese and Creating the Philippines, 1574–1603 Caquenga and Feminine Social Power in the Philippines Layers of Time and Place: San Pedro Macati, Metro Manila, the Philippines Toward a World History of Small Countries: The Philippines as a Global Connector Introduction: Forum on the Philippines and World History Editor's Message
Conductance matrix symmetries of multiterminal semiconductor-superconductor devices
Creators: name: Maiani, Andrea
name: Geier, Max
name: Flensberg, Karsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nonlocal tunneling spectroscopy of multiterminal semiconductor-superconductor hybrid devices is a powerful tool to investigate the Andreev bound states below the parent superconducting gap. We examine how to exploit both microscopic and geometrical symmetries of the system to extract information on the normal and Andreev transmission probabilities from the multiterminal electric or thermoelectric differential conductance matrix under the assumption of an electrostatic potential landscape independent of the bias voltages, as well as the absence of leakage currents. These assumptions lead to several symmetry relations on the conductance matrix. Next, by considering a numerical model of a proximitized semiconductor wire with spin-orbit coupling and two normal contacts at its ends, we show how such symmetries can be used to identify the direction and relative strength of Rashba versus Dresselhaus spin-orbit coupling. Finally, we study how a voltage-bias-dependent electrostatic potential as well as quasiparticle leakage break the derived symmetry relations and investigate characteristic signatures of these two contributions.
description: 16 pages, 10 figures
X-­rays ionization and heating by high­ redshift quasars
Creators: name: Graziani, Luca
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Quasars
Black Holes
Radiative Transfer
X-Rays
X-rays ionization
Reionisation
Reionization

description: Poster @ Massive BHs in evolving galaxies conference, IAP, Paris, France 2018
Observation of Non-Markovian Spin Dynamics in a Jaynes-Cummings-Hubbard Model using a Trapped-Ion Quantum Simulator
Creators: name: Li, B. -W.
name: Mei, Q. -X.
name: Wu, Y. -K.
name: Cai, M. -L.
name: Wang, Y.
name: Yao, L.
name: Zhou, Z. -C.
name: Duan, L. -M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Jaynes-Cummings-Hubbard (JCH) model is a fundamental many-body model for light-matter interaction. As a leading platform for quantum simulation, the trapped ion system has realized the JCH model for two to three ions. Here we report the quantum simulation of the JCH model using up to 32 ions. We verify the simulation results even for large ion numbers by engineering low excitations and thus low effective dimensions; then we extend to 32 excitations for an effective dimension of $2^{77}$, which is difficult for classical computers. By regarding the phonon modes as baths, we explore Markovian or non-Markovian spin dynamics in different parameter regimes of the JCH model, similar to quantum emitters in a structured photonic environment. We further examine the dependence of the non-Markovian dynamics on the effective Hilbert space dimension. Our work demonstrates the trapped ion system as a powerful quantum simulator for many-body physics and open quantum systems.
Fully relativistic $GW$/Bethe-Salpeter calculations in BerkeleyGW: implementation, symmetries, benchmarking, and performance
Creators: name: Barker, Bradford A.
name: Deslippe, Jack
name: Lischner, Johannes
name: Jain, Manish
name: Yazyev, Oleg V.
name: Strubbe, David A.
name: Louie, Steven G.
name: .
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Computing the $GW$ quasiparticle bandstructure and Bethe-Salpeter Equation (BSE) absorption spectra for materials with spin-orbit coupling has commonly been done by treating $GW$ corrections and spin-orbit coupling as separate perturbations to density-functional theory. However, accurate treatment of materials with strong spin-orbit coupling often requires a fully relativistic approach using spinor wavefunctions in the Kohn-Sham equation and $GW$/BSE. Such calculations have only recently become available, in particular for the BSE. We have implemented this approach in the plane-wave pseudopotential $GW$/BSE code BerkeleyGW, which is highly parallelized and widely used in the electronic-structure community. We present reference results for quasiparticle bandstructures and optical absorption spectra of solids with different strengths of spin-orbit coupling, including Si, Ge, GaAs, GaSb, CdSe, Au, and Bi$_2$Se$_3$. The calculated quasiparticle band gaps of these systems are found to agree with experiment to within a few tens of meV. The absorption spectrum of GaSb calculated with the fully-relativistic $GW$-BSE captures the large spin-orbit splitting of peaks in the spectrum. For Bi$_2$Se$_3$, we find a drastic change in the low-energy bandstructure compared to that of DFT, with the fully-relativistic treatment of the $GW$ approximation correctly capturing the parabolic nature of the valence and conduction bands after including off-diagonal self-energy matrix elements. We present the detailed methodology, approach to spatial symmetries for spinors, comparison against other codes, and performance compared to spinless $GW$/BSE calculations and perturbative approaches to SOC. This work aims to spur further development of spinor $GW$/BSE methodology in excited-state research software.
Inertial dynamics of an active Brownian particle
Creators: name: Martins, Jonas Mayer
name: Wittkowski, Raphael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Active Brownian motion commonly assumes spherical overdamped particles. However, self-propelled particles are often neither symmetric nor overdamped yet underlie random fluctuations from their surroundings. Active Brownian motion has already been generalized to include asymmetric particles. Separately, recent findings have shown the importance of inertial effects for particles of macroscopic size or in low-friction environments. We aim to consolidate the previous findings into the general description of a self-propelled asymmetric particle with inertia. We derive the Langevin equation of such a particle as well as the corresponding Fokker-Planck equation. Furthermore, a formula is presented that allows reconstructing the hydrodynamic resistance matrix of the particle by measuring its trajectory. Numerical solutions of the Langevin equation show that, independently of the particle's shape, the noise-free trajectory at zero temperature starts with an inertial transition phase and converges to a circular helix. We discuss this universal convergence with respect to the helical motion that many microorganisms exhibit.
description: 18 pages, 3 figures
Coherent information of one-mode Gaussian channels -- the general case of nonzero added classical noise
Creators: name: Bradler, Kamil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We prove that whenever the coherent information of a one-mode Gaussian channel is non-zero its supremum is achieved for the infinite input power. This is a well established fact for the zero added classical noise, whereas the nonzero case has not been studied in detail. The presented analysis fills the gap for three canonical classes of one-mode Gaussian channels: the lossy, amplifying and additive classical noise channel class. For the remaining one-mode Gaussian channel classes the coherent information is known to vanish.
description: v2: better terminology, some parts rewritten, to appear in Journal of Physics A
Floquet Renormalization Group Approach to the Periodically Driven Kondo Model
Creators: name: Bruch, Valentin
name: Pletyukhov, Mikhail
name: Schoeller, Herbert
name: Kennes, Dante M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the interplay of strong correlations and coherent driving by considering the strong-coupling Kondo model driven by a time-periodic bias voltage. Combining a recent nonequilibrium renormalization group method with Floquet theory, we find that by the coherent dressing of the driving field side-replicas of the Kondo resonance emerge in the conductance, which are not completely washed out by the decoherence induced by the driving. We show that to accurately capture the interplay of driving and strong correlations one needs to go beyond simple phenomenological pictures, which underestimate decoherence, or adiabatic approximations, highlighting the relevance of non-Markovian memory effects. Within our method the differential conductance shows good quantitative agreement with experimental data in the full crossover regime from weak to strong driving. We analyze memory effects in detail based on the response to short voltage pulses.
description: 28 pages, 10 figures; improved discussion of convergence
Evolution of black holes through a nonsingular cosmological bounce
Creators: name: Corman, Maxence
name: East, William E.
name: Ripley, Justin L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the classical dynamics of black holes during a nonsingular cosmological bounce. Taking a simple model of a nonsingular bouncing cosmology driven by the combination of a ghost and ordinary scalar field, we use nonlinear evolutions of the Einstein equations to follow rotating and non-rotating black holes of different sizes through the bounce. The violation of the null energy condition allows for a shrinking black hole event horizon and we find that for sufficiently large black holes (relative to the minimum Hubble radius) the black hole apparent horizon can disappear during the contraction phase. Despite this, we show that most of the local cosmological evolution remains largely unaffected by the presence of the black hole. We find that, independently of the black hole's initial mass, the black hole's event horizon persists throughout the bounce, and the late time dynamics consists of an expanding universe with a black hole of mass comparable to its initial value.
description: 34 pages, 13 figures, changed to match JCAP version
Quantum teleportation with relativistic communication from first principles
Creators: name: Tjoa, Erickson
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we provide a genuine relativistic quantum teleportation protocol whose classical communication component makes use of relativistic causal propagation of a quantum field. Consequently, the quantum teleportation is fully relativistic by construction. Our scheme is based on Unruh-DeWitt qubit detector model, where the quantum state being teleported is associated to an actual qubit rather than a field mode considered by Alsing and Milburn [PRL 91, 180404 (2003)]. We show that the existing works in (relativistic) quantum information, including good definitions of one-shot and asymptotic channel capacities, as well as algebraic formulation of quantum field theory, already provide us with all the necessary ingredients to construct fundamentally relativistic teleportation protocol in relatively straightforward manner.
description: 15 pages; RevTeX4-2; no figure; arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2206.02316. v3: fixed to match published version
Neural Transformers for Intraductal Papillary Mucosal Neoplasms (IPMN) Classification in MRI images
Creators: name: Salanitri, Federica Proietto
name: Bellitto, Giovanni
name: Palazzo, Simone
name: Irmakci, Ismail
name: Wallace, Michael B.
name: Bolan, Candice W.
name: Engels, Megan
name: Hoogenboom, Sanne
name: Aldinucci, Marco
name: Bagci, Ulas
name: Giordano, Daniela
name: Spampinato, Concetto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Early detection of precancerous cysts or neoplasms, i.e., Intraductal Papillary Mucosal Neoplasms (IPMN), in pancreas is a challenging and complex task, and it may lead to a more favourable outcome. Once detected, grading IPMNs accurately is also necessary, since low-risk IPMNs can be under surveillance program, while high-risk IPMNs have to be surgically resected before they turn into cancer. Current standards (Fukuoka and others) for IPMN classification show significant intra- and inter-operator variability, beside being error-prone, making a proper diagnosis unreliable. The established progress in artificial intelligence, through the deep learning paradigm, may provide a key tool for an effective support to medical decision for pancreatic cancer. In this work, we follow this trend, by proposing a novel AI-based IPMN classifier that leverages the recent success of transformer networks in generalizing across a wide variety of tasks, including vision ones. We specifically show that our transformer-based model exploits pre-training better than standard convolutional neural networks, thus supporting the sought architectural universalism of transformers in vision, including the medical image domain and it allows for a better interpretation of the obtained results.
An early phase of environmental effects on galaxy properties unveiled by near-infrared spectroscopy of protocluster galaxies at z>2
Creators: name: Shimakawa, Rhythm
name: Kodama, Tadayuki
name: Tadaki, Ken-ichi
name: Hayashi, Masao
name: Koyama, Yusei
name: Tanaka, Ichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This work presents the results from our near-infrared spectroscopy of narrow-band selected H$α$ emitters (HAEs) in two rich over-densities (PKS 1138-262 at $z=2.2$ and USS 1558-003 at $z=2.5$) with the Multi-Object Infrared Camera and Spectrograph (MOIRCS) on the Subaru telescope. These protoclusters are promising candidates for the most massive class of galaxy clusters seen today (Paper I). The confirmed HAEs in the protoclusters at $z>2$ show high excitation levels as characterized by much higher [OIII]/H$β$ or [OIII]/H$α$ line ratios than those of general galaxies at low-$z$. Such a high excitation level may not only be driven by high specific star formation rates (sSFRs) and lower gaseous metallicities, but also be contributed by some other effects. We investigate the environmental dependence of gaseous metallicities by comparing the HAEs in the protoclusters with those in the general field at similar redshifts. We find that the gaseous metallicities of protocluster galaxies are more chemically enriched than those of field galaxies at a given stellar mass in the range of M$_\star\lesssim10^{11}$ M$_\odot$. This can be attributed to many processes, such as intrinsic (or nature) effects, external (or nurture) effects, and/or some systematic sampling effects. We also find that the offset of the mass-metallicity relation in dense environment becomes larger at higher redshifts. This can be naturally understood by the fact that the in/out-flow rates in star forming galaxies are much higher at higher redshifts. Therefore the environmental dependence of such "feeding" and "feedback" mechanisms in galaxy formation are probably playing major roles in producing the offset of the mass-metallicity relation for the protocluster galaxies at $z>2$.
description: 17 pages, 3 tables, 10 figures, accepted to MNRAS
Dependence of fluid flows in an evaporating sessile droplet on the characteristics of the substrate
Creators: name: Barash, L. Yu.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Temperature distributions and the corresponding vortex structures in an evaporating sessile droplet are obtained by performing detailed numerical calculations. A Marangoni convection induced by thermal conduction processes in the drop and the substrate is demonstrated to be able to result not only in a single vortex, but also in two or three vortices, depending on the ratio of substrate to fluid thermal conductivities, on the substrate thickness and the contact angle. The "phase diagrams" containing information on the number, orientation and spatial location of the vortices for quasistationary fluid flows are presented and analysed. The results obtained demonstrate that the fluid flow structure in evaporating droplets can be influenced in a controlled manner by selecting substrates with appropriate properties.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures, 1 table
Explicit generation of the branching tree of states in spin glasses
Creators: name: Parisi, G.
name: Ricci-Tersenghi, F.
name: Yllanes, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a numerical method to generate explicit realizations of the tree of states in mean-field spin glasses. The resulting study illuminates the physical meaning of the full replica symmetry breaking solution and provides detailed information on the structure of the spin-glass phase. A cavity approach ensures that the method is self-consistent and permits the evaluation of sophisticated observables, such as correlation functions. We include an example application to the study of finite-size effects in single-sample overlap probability distributions, a topic that has attracted considerable interest recently.
description: Version accepted for publication in JSTAT
Self-stabilizing positron acceleration in a plasma column
Creators: name: Diederichs, S.
name: Benedetti, C.
name: Thévenet, M.
name: Esarey, E.
name: Osterhoff, J.
name: Schroeder, C. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Plasma accelerators sustain extreme field gradients, and potentially enable future compact linear colliders. Although tremendous progress has been achieved in accelerating electron beams in a plasma accelerator, positron acceleration with collider-relevant parameters is challenging. A recently proposed positron acceleration scheme relying on the wake generated by an electron drive beam in a plasma column has been shown to be able to accelerate positron witness beams with low emittance and low energy spread. However, since this scheme relies on cylindrical symmetry, it is possibly prone to transverse instabilities that could lead, ultimately, to beam break-up. In this article, we show that the witness beam itself is subject to various damping mechanisms and, therefore, this positron acceleration scheme is inherently stable towards misalignment of the drive and witness beams. This enables stable, high-quality plasma-based positron acceleration.
Merchants of the Adriatic: Zadar's Trading Community Around the mid-16th Century
Creators: name: Sander-Faes, Stephan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Merchant Culture
Mediterranean Sea
16th Century
History of Dalmatia
Zadar (Zara)

description: The article gives an overview of the mercantile community of the city of Zadar (Zara) in the mid-sixteenth century. The city, then the capital of Venice‘s Albanian-Dalmatian double province, has been chosen because of its multi-ethnic and poly-confessional society, embedded into the larger framework of the imperial possessions of the Republic of St Mark. Situated at the peripheral frontiers of Latin Europe, the Adriatic elements of the Stato da mar constituted multi-facetted and dynamic urban societies existing in-between the two universal monarchies Spain and the Ottoman Empire, with often overlapping cultural, ethnic, and religious contexts. The timeframe of the proposed paper will not exceed the Cyprus War (1570 to 1573), as a number of border changes and the events leading up to the establishment of the Scala di Spalato in the 1590s significantly eroded Zadar‘s status as a commercial hub. In a first step the size and origins of the city‘s merchants are detailed based upon the protocols of Zadar's public notaries, preserved in the local branch of the Croatian State Archives. Then their interactions with the local noblemen, artisans, and commoners as well as their potential integration into the host culture are analysed. In addition, the codified communal law, first published in Venice in 1563, provides the legal framework for the mercantile endeavours of the merchants of the Adriatic. Taken together, the methods, sources, and geographical location shed new light upon the trading communities in early modern Dalmatia, a region which, so far, has yet to attract renewed interest by the scientific community.
$Ab\ initio$ molecular dynamics of temporary anions using complex absorbing potentials
Creators: name: Gyamfi, Jerryman A.
name: Jagau, Thomas -C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dissociative electron attachment, that is, the cleavage of chemical bonds induced by low-energy electrons, is difficult to model with standard quantum-chemical methods because the involved anions are not bound but subject to autodetachment. We present here a new computational development for simulating the dynamics of temporary anions on complex-valued potential energy surfaces. The imaginary part of these surfaces describes electron loss, whereas the gradient of the real part represents the force on the nuclei. In our method, the forces are computed analytically based on Hartree-Fock theory with a complex absorbing potential. $Ab\ initio$ molecular dynamics simulations for the temporary anions of dinitrogen, ethylene, chloroethane, and the five mono- to tetrachlorinated ethylenes show qualitative agreement with experiments and offer mechanistic insights into dissociative electron attachments. The results also demonstrate how our method evenhandedly deals with molecules that may undergo dissociation upon electron attachment and those which only undergo autodetachment.
description: Manuscript: 10 pages, 4 figures. Supplementary Material: 41 pages, 43 figures
Generalized BRST symmetry for arbitrary spin conformal field theory
Creators: name: Upadhyay, Sudhaker
name: Mandal, Bhabani Prasad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop the finite field-dependent BRST (FFBRST) transformation for arbitrary spin-s conformal field theories. We discuss the novel features of the FFBRST transformation in these systems. To illustrate the results we consider the spin-1 and spin-2 conformal field theories in two examples. Within the formalism we found that FFBRST transformation connects the generating functionals of spin-1 and spin-2 conformal field theories in linear and non-linear gauges. Further, the conformal field theories in the framework of FFBRST transformation are also analysed in Batalin-Vilkovisky (BV) formulation to establish the results.
description: 11 pages, No fig., Revtex 4. Minor modifications, Final Version to Appear in Phys. Lett. B
Status and progress of China SKA Regional Centre prototype
Creators: name: An, Tao
name: Wu, Xiaocong
name: Lao, Baoqiang
name: Guo, Shaoguang
name: Xu, Zhijun
name: Lv, Weijia
name: Zhang, Yingkang
name: Zhang, Zhongli
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Square Kilometre Array (SKA) project consists of delivering two largest radio telescope arrays being built by the SKA Observatory (SKAO), which is an intergovernmental organization bringing together nations from around the world with China being one of the major member countries. The computing resources needed to process, distribute, curate and use the vast amount of data that will be generated by the SKA telescopes are too large for the SKAO to manage on its own. To address this challenge, the SKAO is working with the international community to create a shared, distributed data, computing and networking capability called the SKA Regional Centre Alliance. In this model, the SKAO will be supported by a global network of SKA Regional Centres (SRCs) distributed around the world in its member countries to build an end-to-end science data system that will provide astronomers with high-quality science products. SRCs undertake deep processing, scientific analysis, and long-term storage of the SKA data, as well as user support. China has been actively participating in and promoting the construction of SRCs. This paper introduces the international cooperation and ongoing prototyping of the global SRC network, the construction plan of the China SRC and describes in detail the China SRC prototype. The paper also presents examples of scientific applications of SKA precursor and pathfinder telescopes completed using resources from the China SRC prototype. Finally, the future prospects of the China SRC are presented.
description: T. An, et al. Status and progress of China SKA Regional Centre prototype. Sci. China-Phys. Mech. Astron. 65: 129501 (2022)
A new evaluation of the antiproton production cross section for cosmic ray studies
Creators: name: di Mauro, Mattia
name: Donato, Fiorenza
name: Goudelis, Andreas
name: Serpico, Pasquale Dario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Theoretical predictions for the cosmic antiproton spectrum currently fall short of the corresponding experimental level of accuracy. Among the main sources of uncertainty are the antiproton production cross sections in cosmic ray inelastic interactions. We analyse existing data on antiproton production in $pp$ scattering, including for the first time the measurements performed by the NA49 Collaboration. We compute the antiproton spectrum finding that in the energy range where data are available (antiproton energies of about 4-550 GeV) different approaches lead to almost equivalent results, with an uncertainty of 10-20\%. Extrapolations outside this region lead to different estimates, with the uncertainties reaching the 50\% level around $1$ TeV, degrading the diagnostic power of the antiproton channel at those energies. We also comment on the uncertainties in the antiproton production source term coming from nuclei heavier than protons and from neutrons produced in $pp$ scatterings, and point out the need for dedicated experimental campaigns for all processes involving antiproton production in collisions of light nuclei.
description: Two typos corrected (entry D4 in Table II and mishandled units in Eq. (10)). None of the results in the article are affected
Proteome profiling of maternal serum
Creators: name: Okai, Charles Ayensu
Publisher: name: Universität Rostock
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 540 Chemistry & allied sciences
subject: 570 Life science
subject: 610 Medical sciences Medicine

description: Fetal growth restriction affects pregnancies leading to perinatal mortality and morbidity. Current diagnostic method is by ultrasound inspection but cannot differentiate SGA fetuses from IUGR fetuses. Maternal serum from IUGR, SGA and control pregnant women were analysed using affinity-mass spectrometry. Separation confidence reached a sensitivity of 0.90, specificity of 0.79 with an area under curve of 0.88 in receiver operator characteristics. Proteome profiling by affinity-mass spectrometry during pregnancy provides a reliable method for risk assessment of impaired development in fetuses.