cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Supplementary Material from Submillimetre mechanistic designs of termite-built structures
Creators: name: Oberst, Sebastian
name: Martin, Richard
name: Halkon, Benjamin J.
name: Lai, Joseph C. S.
name: Evans, Theodore A.
name: Saadatfar, Mohammed
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 60114 Systems Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 90301 Biomaterials
subject: FOS: Medical engineering
subject: 60199 Biochemistry and Cell Biology not elsewhere classified
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Text and figures
FPGA-based tracking for the CMS Level-1 trigger using the tracklet algorithm
Creators: name: Bartz, E.
name: Boudoul, G.
name: Bucci, R.
name: Chaves, J.
name: Clement, E.
name: Cranshaw, D.
name: Dutta, S.
name: Gershtein, Y.
name: Glein, R.
name: Hahn, K.
name: Halkiadakis, E.
name: Hildreth, M.
name: Kyriacou, S.
name: Lannon, K.
name: Lefeld, A.
name: Liu, Y.
name: MacDonald, E.
name: Pozzobon, N.
name: Ryd, A.
name: Salyer, K.
name: Shields, P.
name: Skinnari, L.
name: Stenson, K.
name: Stone, R.
name: Strohman, C.
name: Sung, K.
name: Tao, Z.
name: Trovato, M.
name: Ulmer, K.
name: Viret, S.
name: Winer, B.
name: Wittich, P.
name: Yates, B.
name: Zientek, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The high instantaneous luminosities expected following the upgrade of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) to the High Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) pose major experimental challenges for the CMS experiment. A central component to allow efficient operation under these conditions is the reconstruction of charged particle trajectories and their inclusion in the hardware-based trigger system. There are many challenges involved in achieving this: a large input data rate of about 20--40 Tb/s; processing a new batch of input data every 25 ns, each consisting of about 15,000 precise position measurements and rough transverse momentum measurements of particles ("stubs''); performing the pattern recognition on these stubs to find the trajectories; and producing the list of trajectory parameters within 4 $μ\,$s. This paper describes a proposed solution to this problem, specifically, it presents a novel approach to pattern recognition and charged particle trajectory reconstruction using an all-FPGA solution. The results of an end-to-end demonstrator system, based on Xilinx Virtex-7 FPGAs, that meets timing and performance requirements are presented along with a further improved, optimized version of the algorithm together with its corresponding expected performance.
description: As published in JINST
Glassy behaviour in short range lattice models without quenched disorder
Creators: name: de Oliveira, Mario Jose
name: Petri, Alberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the quenching process in lattice systems with short range interaction and several crystalline states as ground states. We consider in particular the following systems on square lattice: - hard particle (exclusion) model; - q states planar Potts model. The system is initially in a homogeneous disordered phase and relaxes toward a new equilibrium state as soon as the temperature is rapidly lowered. The time evolution can be described numerically by a stochastic process such as the Metropolis algorithm. The number of pure, equivalent, ground states is q for the Potts model and r for the hard particle model, and it is known that for r or q larger or equal to d+1, the final equilibrium state may be polycrystalline, i.e. not made of a uniform phase. We find that in addition n_g and q_g exist such that for r > r_g, or q > q_g the system evolves toward a glassy state, i.e. a state in which the ratio of the interaction energy among the different crystalline phases to the total energy of the system never vanishes; moreover we find indications that r_g=q_g. We infer that q=q_g (and r=r_g) corresponds to the crossing from second order to discontinuous transition in the phase diagram of the system.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures
A Theory of Trotter Error
Creators: name: Childs, Andrew M.
name: Su, Yuan
name: Tran, Minh C.
name: Wiebe, Nathan
name: Zhu, Shuchen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The Lie-Trotter formula, together with its higher-order generalizations, provides a direct approach to decomposing the exponential of a sum of operators. Despite significant effort, the error scaling of such product formulas remains poorly understood. We develop a theory of Trotter error that overcomes the limitations of prior approaches based on truncating the Baker-Campbell-Hausdorff expansion. Our analysis directly exploits the commutativity of operator summands, producing tighter error bounds for both real- and imaginary-time evolutions. Whereas previous work achieves similar goals for systems with geometric locality or Lie-algebraic structure, our approach holds in general. We give a host of improved algorithms for digital quantum simulation and quantum Monte Carlo methods, including simulations of second-quantized plane-wave electronic structure, $k$-local Hamiltonians, rapidly decaying power-law interactions, clustered Hamiltonians, the transverse field Ising model, and quantum ferromagnets, nearly matching or even outperforming the best previous results. We obtain further speedups using the fact that product formulas can preserve the locality of the simulated system. Specifically, we show that local observables can be simulated with complexity independent of the system size for power-law interacting systems, which implies a Lieb-Robinson bound as a byproduct. Our analysis reproduces known tight bounds for first- and second-order formulas. Our higher-order bound overestimates the complexity of simulating a one-dimensional Heisenberg model with an even-odd ordering of terms by only a factor of $5$, and is close to tight for power-law interactions and other orderings of terms. This suggests that our theory can accurately characterize Trotter error in terms of both asymptotic scaling and constant prefactor.
description: 82 pages, 5 figures. Enhanced version of the article published in Physical Review X at http://journals.aps.org/prx/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevX.11.011020
Athermal fluctuations in disordered crystals
Creators: name: Acharya, Pappu
name: Sengupta, Surajit
name: Chakraborty, Bulbul
name: Ramola, Kabir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the fluctuations in particle positions and inter-particle forces in disordered jammed crystals in the limit of weak disorder. We demonstrate that such athermal systems are fundamentally different from their thermal counterparts, characterized by constrained fluctuations of forces perpendicular to the lattice directions. We develop a disorder perturbation expansion in polydispersity about the crystalline state, which we use to derive exact results to linear order. We show that constrained fluctuations result as a consequence of local force balance conditions, and are characterized by non-Gaussian distributions which we derive exactly. We analytically predict several properties of such systems, including the scaling of the average coordination with polydispersity and packing fraction, which we verify with numerical simulations using soft disks with one-sided harmonic interactions.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, +Supplemental Material
Additional file 5: Figure S5. of Diversification of non-visual photopigment parapinopsin in spectral sensitivity for diverse pineal functions
Creators: name: Koyanagi, Mitsumasa
name: Wada, Seiji
name: Kawano-Yamashita, Emi
name: Hara, Yuichiro
name: Kuraku, Shigehiro
name: Kosaka, Shigeaki
name: Kawakami, Koichi
name: Tamotsu, Satoshi
name: Tsukamoto, Hisao
name: Shichida, Yoshinori
name: Terakita, Akihisa
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Distribution of PP1 and PP2 in the pineal organ of rainbow trout. (PDF 873 kb)
Die Überbrückungshilfe - Eine Analyse der Auswirkungen auf die beantragenden Unternehmen
Creators: name: Oye, Thomas
Publisher: name: Hochschulbibliothek, Hochschule Merseburg
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Überbrückungshilfe
subject: Vor- und Nachteile
subject: Unternehmen
subject: DDC::3** Sozialwissenschaften::33* Wirtschaft::330 Wirtschaft

description: The global economy has shown that it cannot survive in the long run without help. The economy is only as strong as its weakest member, the people. Due to the Covid19 pandemic that has been going on for the past 2 years, the economy has suffered some serious setbacks. People were not allowed to leave their homes to go to regular work or retail stores were closed due to state/federal government orders. There was a chaos of regulations. Each state wrote its own rules during the pandemic for quarantine or closure. All this contributed to the fact that the economy suffered. Companies had to declare bankruptcy, close or be sold. But there was to be rescue from the federal government, for this purpose the Federal Republic of Germany created the so-called bridging aids and restart aids. These should basically cover the fixed costs of the companies and be accessible at least for a certain part of the companies. The question is: "What are the advantages and disadvantages of bridging aid for companies?" The bachelor thesis is intended to deal with this very issue. The bachelor thesis is literature research with a practical application case using the example of gastronomy.
Die Nutzung sozialer Medien seitens Wolodymyr Selenskyj und seinem Kommunikationsteam während des Russland-Ukraine-Krieges
Creators: name: Wichmann, Lennart
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Social Media
subject: Instagram
subject: Massenmedien
subject: Politische Kommunikation
subject: Struktureller Wandel
subject: Wolodymyr Selenskyj
subject: Russland-Ukraine-Krieg
subject: 320

description: In dieser Arbeit wird die Nutzung der Social Media Plattform Instagram durch den ukrainischen Präsidenten Wolodymyr Selenskyj und seinem Kommunikationsteam innerhalb ihrer politischen Kommunikation während des Russland-Ukraine-Krieges in den Fokus genommen. Ausgehend von der Forschungsfrage “Wie nutzen Wolodymyr Selenskyj und sein Kommunikationsteam Instagram für ihre Kommunikation im Russland-Ukraine-Krieg?” werden insgesamt 20 Instagram-Beiträge des offiziellen Accounts “zelenskiy_official” anhand qualitativer inhaltsanalytischer Verfahren untersucht. Die Analyse offenbart, dass Selenskyj die spezifische Funktionsweise von Instagram – insbesondere ihre Möglichkeiten des visuellen Storytellings – gezielt zur Unterstützung seiner politischen Kommunikation nutzt. Dabei erschafft er eine Erzählung, die sowohl seine eigene Identität als auch die Ukraine umfasst. Diese verstärkt er ständig mit emotionalen und informativen Inhalten, um der Ermüdung der Aufmerksamkeit des Publikums entgegenzuwirken. Aufgrund der direkten, schnellen und visuellen Kommunikation auf Instagram gelingt es ihm, Social Media auf eine Weise zu nutzen, die von keinem anderen Staatsoberhaupt zuvor erreicht wurde, um die Unterstützung des eigenen angegriffenen Landes zu fördern.
Additional file 6: Figure S6. of Diversification of non-visual photopigment parapinopsin in spectral sensitivity for diverse pineal functions
Creators: name: Koyanagi, Mitsumasa
name: Wada, Seiji
name: Kawano-Yamashita, Emi
name: Hara, Yuichiro
name: Kuraku, Shigehiro
name: Kosaka, Shigeaki
name: Kawakami, Koichi
name: Tamotsu, Satoshi
name: Tsukamoto, Hisao
name: Shichida, Yoshinori
name: Terakita, Akihisa
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Pineal-specific and mutually exclusive expression of GFP and RFP introduced under the upstream sequences of the PP1 gene and PP2 gene, respectively, in zebrafish. (PDF 514 kb)
Are households feeding habits and waste management practices determinant in order to swing over food waste behaviours? The case of Barcelona Metropolitan Area
Creators: name: Raquel, Diaz-Ruiz
name: Costa-Font, Gil
name: Costa-Font, Montserrat
name: Maria, Jose
name: Raquel, Diaz-Ruiz
name: Costa-Font, Gil
name: Costa-Font, Montserrat
name: Maria, Jose
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Food waste
subject: consumer behaviour
subject: green attitude
subject: structural equation models

description: Understanding the perception about food waste generation is crucial to significantly reduce the amount generated by 2020 as proposed in the conference Rio+20. To date consumer´s feeding habits and waste management practices are not in depth consid-ered in the literature. The aim of the present work is to analyse citizen’s perception towards food waste and understand how citizens form their food waste behaviour de-cisions. A theoretical model has been elaborated based on literature. A questionnaire on food waste was analysed by means of structural equation models. Results show that food waste is directly influenced by purchasing habits as diet selection and pur-chasing behaviour, as well as waste prevention behaviour and indirectly influenced by materialism and environmentalism values.
Spin-dipole mode in a trapped Fermi gas near unitarity
Creators: name: Tajima, Hiroyuki
name: Recati, Alessio
name: Ohashi, Yoji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically investigate the spin-dipole oscillation of a strongly interacting Fermi gas in a harmonic trap. By using a combined diagrammatic strong-coupling theory with a local density approximation and a sum rule approach, we clarify the temperature dependence of the spin-dipole frequency near the unitarity, which is deeply related to the spin susceptibility, as well as pairing correlations. While the spin-dipole frequency exactly coincides with the trap frequency in a non-interacting Fermi gas, it is shown to remarkably be enhanced in the superfluid state, because of the suppression of the spin degree of freedom due to the spin-singlet Cooper-pair formation. In strongly interacting Fermi gases, this enhancement occurs even above the superfluid phase transition temperature, due to the strong pairing correlations.
description: 15 pages, 7 figures
Casimir Energy and Vacua vor Superconducting Ball in Supergravity
Creators: name: Burinskii, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Casimir energy for solid conducting ball is considered on the base of some finite models. One model is physical and built of a battery of parallel metallic plates. Two finite models are based on the Higgs model of superconductivity. One of them is supersymmetric and based on the Witten field model for superconducting strings. Treatment shows that contribution of Casimir energy can be very essential for superdence state in the neutron stars and nuclear matter.
description: 6 pages, Latex2e, talk given at the Fifth Workshop on Quantum Field Theory Under the Influence of External Conditions (University of Leipzig, Germany, September 10-14, 2001)
The Russian ban on EU agricultural imports: A bilateral extension of AGLINK-COSIMO
Creators: name: Dillen, Koen
name: Dillen, Koen
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: Agricultural Finance
International Relations/Trade

description: Type On August 6 2014 the Russian Federation introduced a one year ban on imports into the Russian Federation of agricultural products, raw materials and food, originating from selected countries including the EU. This paper provides an initial assessment of the potential impact of this import ban on EU agricultural markets. Furthermore it provides an insight in the shifting trade patterns and price effects at EU, Russian and world level. We use the Aglink-Cosimo model, a recursive partial equilibrium model of the agricultural sector. Its gross trade specification is problematic for the study of bilateral trade. Therefore the model was extended with an ad hoc incorporation of bilateral trade. The initial results show that the impact for the EU remains rather limited as the EU can divert a considerable part of its trade with Russia to other markets. The impact on the Russian market is however expected to be considerable as imports can't be easily substituted and domestic production has problems to expand productions significantly within the timeframe of the ban.
Impact of Agricultural Income Shocks due to Extreme Weather Events on the Food Security of the Poor in Central Asia
Creators: name: Mirzabaev, Alisher
name: Mirzabaev, Alisher
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Central Asia
subject: poverty
subject: market access
subject: crop diversification

description: The majority of rural households in Central Asia have strong dependence on farming incomes for their livelihoods. Any adverse shocks on agricultural production, for example, through extreme weather events, could have negative consequences on their food security. The analysis of the nationally representative agricultural household surveys using quantile regressions by instrumentalizing for endogeneity between consumption and production decisions confirms that poorer households are more vulnerable to the impacts of farming income shocks. Every 1% decrease in the level of their farming profits is likely to lead to 0.52% decrease in their food expenses. A similar decrease for the richest 10% of agricultural households would translate to only 0.39% decrease in food consumption. Key measures to enhance food security among the poor agricultural households in Central Asia were found to be improving market access and diversifying crop portfolios.
Role of Foreign Trade in Ensuring Food Security of the Countries of Central Asia
Creators: name: Mogilevskii, Roman
name: Akramov, Kamiljon
name: Mogilevskii, Roman
name: Akramov, Kamiljon
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: Food Security and Poverty
International Relations/Trade

description: This paper discusses trends in and patterns of trade in agricultural and food products in Central Asia. The analysis shows that these products’ exports lose and imports increase its importance for all economies of Central Asia. Trade policies with regards to agricultural and food products vary greatly in the region from very liberal to quite protectionist. No correlation is observed between the type of trade regime and performance of agricultural production and trade. The paper also provides an overview of the recent changes in trade policies including those related to the creation of the Customs Union of Belarus, Kazakhstan and Russian Federation and their potential impact on agricultural and food trade in the region.
Food Security in 2030: Availability, Access and Nutrition
Creators: name: Shadibaev, Talat
name: Mukhamedkhanova, Kamila
name: Shadibaev, Talat
name: Mukhamedkhanova, Kamila
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
Food Security and Poverty

description: Expected changes in the demographic pattern, growth of personal income and related transformations of the lifestyle and behavioral stereotypes will eventually lead to the substantial increase in demand for food products, transform people’s food consumption pattern. On the supply side, climate change as well as the accelerated transformations and rapid industrialization could augment negative anthropogenic impact on the environment, affect water supply, quality of land, thus, influencing the crop yield and productivity in agriculture. Therefore, ensuring food security towards 2030 will require more complex approaches, policies and tools. The paper suggests strategies for food policy in Uzbekistan towards 2030 incorporating three key dimensions: 1) food availability; 2) access to food; and 3) balanced and high quality nutrition.
Dependence of calculated binding energies and widths of $η$-mesic nuclei on treatment of subthreshold $η$-nucleon interaction
Creators: name: Haider, Q.
name: Liu, L. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate that the binding energies and widths of eta-mesic nuclei depend strongly on subthreshold eta-N interaction. This strong dependence is made evident from comparing three different eta-nucleus optical potentials: (1) a microscopic optical potential taking into account the full effects of off-shell eta-nucleon interactions; (2) a factorization approximation to the microscopic optical potential where a downward energy shift parameter is introduced to approximate the subthreshold eta-nucleon interaction; and (3) an optical potential using on-shell eta-nucleon scattering length as the interaction input. Our analysis indicates that the in-medium $η$N interaction for bound-state formation is about 30 MeV below the free-space $η$N threshold, which causes a substantial reduction of the attractive force between the $η$ and nucleon with respect to that implied by the scattering length. Consequently, the scattering-length approach overpredicts the binding energies and caution must be exercised when these latter predictions are used as guide in searching for $η$-nucleus bound states. We also show that final-state-interaction analysis cannot provide an unequivocal determination of the existence of $η$-nucleus bound state. More direct measurements are, therefore, necessary.
description: 28 pages, 1 figure
Caroline Petit
Creators: name: Leibowitch, Jacques (1942-2020)
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020

description: 1 fichier (7 pages)
description: Autres destinataires : Philippe Poussier. Texte de J. Leibowitch dans le corps du message.
title: Extrachromosomal regulators of phenotypic heterogeneity in Saccharomyces species
Creators: name: Petch, Laura
Publisher: name: University of Kent
Year: 2021

description: Phenotypic heterogeneity in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae has input from both genetic and epigenetic determinants. In addition to changes in DNA sequence induced by mutagens and error-prone mechanisms, there are a variety of 'non-mutagenic' chemicals that can trigger inherited changes in phenotype. One such agent, guanidine hydrochloride (GdnHCl), can both generate mitochondrial petite mutants and also induce the loss of various prions from this yeast species. Prions are novel protein-based epigenetic determinants that undergo self-perpetuating, heritable changes in their structure, resulting in the aggregation of an alternative conformational form of a protein. To date, prions have been almost exclusively studied in laboratory-bred strains of S. cerevisiae, and the work in this thesis broadens the study to wild strains i.e. non-laboratory strains of S. cerevisiae and three related Saccharomyces species: S. bayanus, S. mikatae and S. kudriavzevii. The studies outlined here sought to answer two questions; whether the mechanism of petite induction by GdnHCl is the same as leads to prion loss i.e. by inhibition of the molecular chaperone Hsp104; and whether we can identify prion-associated traits in other Saccharomyces species by GdnHCl-mediated curing. To answer the first question, the use of S. cerevisiae mutants lacking either Hsp104 or the related mitochondrial chaperone Hsp78 ruled out inhibition of both of these proteins as the mechanism of petite induction by GdnHCl, as both mutants maintained mitochondrial function. Furthermore, GdnHCl also generates respiratory deficient petite mutants in the three Saccharomyces species under test, and a detailed comparative analysis of the impact of GdnHCl on the ultrastructure and respiratory functions of mitochondria in these species is reported. The search for prion-related phenotypes in these Saccharomyces species uncovered the possible existence of one or more endogenous prion which may control phenotypic traits that impact on a cell's chance of survival in fluctuating environments. Finally, the ability of these genetically-related species to facilitate and perpetuate the formation of other amyloid-forming proteins; Alzheimer's disease associated protein Aβ42 and Huntingtin (Htt)-associated polyglutamine (polyQ) was analysed. The results obtained indicate that each of these species can propagate the amyloid forms of Aβ42 and polyQ, but these amyloid states are differentially impacted upon by the endogenous prion state of the host yeast species. The expansion of studies into alternate species of Saccharomyces has uncovered the possible existence of prions and prion-related phenotypes in these species; and provides considerable potential to develop more disease-relevant models in the future.
Scalar propagator in the pp-wave geometry obtained from AdS_5 X S^5
Creators: name: Mathur, Samir D.
name: Saxena, Ashish
name: Srivastava, Yogesh K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the propagator for massless and massive scalar fields in the metric of the pp-wave. The retarded propagator for the massless field is found to stay confined to the surface formed by null geodesics. The algebraic form of the massive propagator is found to be related in a simple way to the form of the propagator in flat spacetime.
description: Latex, 12 pages, some typos in Section 5.2 fixed
A multichannel front end ASIC for PMT readout in LHAASO WCDA
Creators: name: Liang, Yu
name: Zhao, Lei
name: Guo, Yuxiang
name: Qin, Jiajun
name: Yang, Yunfang
name: Cheng, Boyu
name: Liu, Shubin
name: An, Qi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Time and charge measurements over a large dynamic range from 1 Photo Electron (P.E.) to 4000 P.E. are required for the Water Cherenkov Detector Array (WCDA), which is one of the key components in the Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory (LHAASO). To simplify the circuit structure of the readout electronics, a front end ASIC was designed. Based on the charge-to-time conversion method, the output pulse width of the ASIC corresponds to the input signal charge information while time information of the input signal is picked off through a discriminator, and thus the time and charge information can be digitized simultaneously using this ASIC and a following Time-to-Digital Converter (TDC). To address the challenge of mismatch among the channels observed in the previous prototype version, this work presents approaches for analyzing the problem and optimizing the circuits. A new version of the ASIC was designed and fabricated in the GLOBALFOUNDRIES 0.35 um CMOS technology, which integrates 6 channels (corresponding to the readout of the 3 PMTs) in each chip. The test results indicate that the mismatch between the channels is significantly reduced to less than 20% using the proposed approach. The time measurement resolution better than 300 ps is achieved, and the charge measurement resolution is better than 10% at 1 P.E., and 1% at 4000 P.E., which meets the application requirements.
Uncovering the relationship between ultra-fast outflows and the X-ray region in active galactic nuclei
Creators: name: Gonzalez, Adam
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: X-ray Spectroscopy
Active Galactic Nuclei
Ultra-fast Outflows

description: Ultra-fast outflows (UFOs), with outflow velocities of ~0.1-0.5c, have been detected in the 7-10 keV band of ~40% of sampled active galactic nuclei (AGNs) over the past decade. These high column density, highly ionised winds are thought to be driven by the central X-ray source via a radiation pressure or magnetohydrodynamic driving mechanism, launched from within ~100 rg of the black hole. There is, however, not a clear understanding of how the X-ray region and UFO are related, a crucial component in understanding how this mode of AGN feedback operates to significantly alter the evolutionary course of the host galaxy. To probe this relationship, we examine a sample of 20 Type 1 AGNs that were reported as having significant (>95% confidence) UFO detections in the literature. Using XMM-Newton EPIC-pn data across the broad 0.3-10 keV X-ray band, we implement a physically motivated reflection model to describe the underlying continuum. This method reveals that 4 AGNs are inconsistent with exhibiting a UFO, and finds several high-significance correlations of wind ionisation and column density with accretion rate, X-ray luminosity, disc inclination, and reflection fraction. Wind velocity is found to be more difficult to characterise. We perform XRISM Resolve and ATHENA X-IFU simulations to showcase the vast improvements in UFO science that will be achieved with data collected from these future missions.
title: Face Perception and Recognition, on the Fringe of Human Awareness.
Creators: name: Hajilou, Omid
Publisher: name: University of Kent
Year: 2021

description: In Rapid Serial Visual Presentation (RSVP), we can present a large volume of information, on the fringe of awareness, whilst observing the brain's electrical signals using an Electroencephalogram (EEG). The vast majority of stimuli are not consciously perceived, but the salient ones breakthrough into awareness, enter into working memory and can be reported by the participant (Bowman, et al., 2013). Deception detection studies have successfully employed this countermeasure resistant fringe-P3 method, using letters, numbers and words (Bowman, Filetti, Alsufyani, Janssen, & Su, 2014), to differentiate between familiar and unfamiliar information. The inclusion of faces, and their application in Concealed Information Tests (CIT) have yet to be fully explored. In this thesis, we hypothesised that the fringe-P3 method could be successfully used to detect intrinsic salience of familiar faces, even when there was no task associated with the stimuli. Using experiments, we investigated the sensitivity of the ERP-based RSVP paradigm, to infer recognition of celebrity, as well as, lecturer faces, and performed statistical tests in the Time and Frequency domains, to differentiate between known and unknown faces, at group and subject levels. Furthermore, we used ground-truth data simulations to explore the viability of using online statistical tests, to focus experimental data collection efforts, on the critical stimulus with the highest significance, in order to improve statistical power (i.e. reduce the risk of Type II errors), without the inflation of Type I errors. As a result, we introduced new methods of analysis, and a two-part experimental design, where Part II's parameters are independently influenced by Part I's results, using online statistical tests. Finally, we applied our new findings in a concluding experiment, which explored a real-life scenario of revealing participants' familiarity with their lecturers, through the data captured from their brain. Our findings provide evidence that familiar faces are differentially perceived and processed by participants' brains, as compared to novel (unfamiliar) faces. Therefore, we propose our final experiment to be a workable solution for deception detection applications of crime compatriots (e.g. accomplices), using faces in RSVP-based EEG tests.
Emergent gravity from off-shell energy fixing
Creators: name: de Anda, Francisco J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Off-shell processes do not preserve the Energy Momentum Tensor (EMT) in QFT. Fixing the EMT throughout off-shell processes, implies a graviton-like quantum field to emerge without dynamics. Its dynamics are generated through quantum corrections. This Fixed Off-Shell Energy Condition (FOSEC) implies the existence of a linear gravity-like theory, and in special cases the full Poincarè gauge theory. In this work it is shown that imposing the FOSEC in QFT implies the emergence of a viable quantum theory of gravity.
description: 20 pages. v2: added detailed calculations, matches published version
The Sigma 13 (10-14) twin in alpha-Al2O3: A model for a general grain boundary
Creators: name: Fabris, Stefano
name: Elsaesser, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The atomistic structure and energetics of the Sigma 13 (10-14)[1-210] symmetrical tilt grain boundary in alpha-Al2O3 are studied by first-principles calculations based on the local-density-functional theory with a mixed-basis pseudopotential method. Three configurations, stable with respect to intergranular cleavage, are identified: one Al-terminated glide-mirror twin boundary, and two O-terminated twin boundaries, with glide-mirror and two-fold screw-rotation symmetries, respectively. Their relative energetics as a function of axial grain separation are described, and the local electronic structure and bonding are analysed. The Al-terminated variant is predicted to be the most stable one, confirming previous empirical calculations, but in contrast with high-resolution transmission electron microscopy observations on high-purity diffusion-bonded bicrystals, which resulted in an O-terminated structure. An explanation of this discrepancy is proposed, based on the different relative energetics of the internal interfaces with respect to the free surfaces.
Present status of electromagnetic reactions on the deuteron above pion threshold
Creators: name: Arenhoevel, H.
name: Darwish, E. M.
name: Fix, A.
name: Schwamb, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The present status of the theoretical description of electromagnetic reactions on the deuteron above pion threshold is reviewed. Three major topics are considered: (i) retardation effects in $π$-meson exchange contributions to $NN$-interaction and meson exchange currents in deuteron photodisintegration above $π$-threshold in the $Δ$-resonance region, (ii) off-shell effects in the one-body current treated in a simple pion cloud model in deuteron photodisintegration in and above the $Δ$-resonance region, and (iii) final state interaction effects in photoproduction of $π$ and $η$ mesons on the deuteron.
description: 10 pages latex, invited talk at the Second Asia Pacific Conference on Few-Body Problems in Physics, Proceedings to be published in Modern Physics Letter A
Entwicklung eines Prüfstandes zur Bestimmung des Einflusses einer oszillierenden Anregung auf das Fließ- und thermische Verhalten einer Thermoplastschmelze
Creators: name: Wunram, Henrik
Publisher: name: Hochschulbibliothek, Hochschule Merseburg
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Entwicklung eines Prüfstandes
subject: Viskosität von Thermoplastschmelzen
subject: oszillierend angeregtes Werkzeug
subject: DDC::6** Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::62* Ingenieurwissenschaften::620 Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten

description: Die Viskosität von Thermoplastschmelzen kann mittels einer äußeren Anregung verändert werden. Es sind zwei Faktoren entscheidend, welche die Viskosität maßgeblich beeinflussen. Zum einen ist dies die bessere Entschlaufung der Polymerketten (strukturviskoses Verhalten von Thermoplastschmelzen). Zum anderen spielt die Erwärmung des Materials eine wichtige Rolle, welche durch die innere Friktion (Kavitation) verursacht wird. In der Arbeit sollen die Zusammenhänge untersucht werden, die die Viskosität der Thermoplastschmelzen beeinflussen (Frequenz, Temperatur, Schwergeschwindigkeit, etc.). Für die Untersuchungen soll ein oszilierend angeregtes Werkzeug entwickelt werden, welches es ermöglicht, die einzelnen Effekte quantifizierbar voneinander zu trennen...
Instanton-induced scalar potential for the universal hypermultiplet
Creators: name: Ketov, Sergei V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the scalar potential in the gauged N=2 supergravity with a single hypermultiplet, whose generic quaternionic moduli space metric has an abelian isometry. This isometry is gauged by the use of a graviphoton gauge field. The hypermultiplet metric and the scalar potential are both governed by the single real potential that is a solution to the 3d (integrable) continuous Toda equation. An explicit solution, controlled by the Eisenstein series E_{3/2}, is found in the case of the D-instanton-corrected universal hypermultilet moduli space metric having an U(1)xU(1) isometry, with one of the isometries being gauged.
description: 19 pages, LaTeX, extra paragraph added to the conclusion
Haematobia Le Peletier & Serville 1828
Creators: name: Sorokina, Vera S.
name: Pont, Adrian C.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Muscidae
Haematobia

description: Genus Haematobia Le Peletier & Serville, 1828
 Haematobia Le Peletier & Serville in Latreille et al., 1828: 499 (as a subgenus of Stomoxys Geoffroy, 1762). Type-species: Conops irritans Linnaeus, 1758, by designation of Westwood (1840: 140) and validated by I.C.Z.N., Opinion 1008 (1974: 157–158).
 Haematobia irritans (Linnaeus, 1758)
 Conops irritans Linnaeus, 1758: 604. Type-locality: not stated (presumably Sweden). Lectotype ♂, LSUK (designated by Pont, 1981a: 169).
 Siberian records: Middle and South Urals (Zagrebin, 1989: 20; 1992: 60); Sverdlovskaya Oblast’: Serov, Krasnoufimsk, Talizy, Verkhovino (Zagrebin, 1987a: 231); Chelyabinskaya Oblast’, Troizkiy Rayon (Kutuzova, 1993: 74, 75); Tyumenskaya Oblast’, common in forest steppe, rarer in subtaiga and southern taiga (Veselkin, 1966: 783); Kurganskaya Oblast’ (Veselkin, 1989: 11); Baykal-Amur railway (Veselkin, 1981: 371); West and East Siberia (Pont, 1986a: 109).
 General distribution: Holarctic and Neotropical Regions, also Hawaii.
 Haematobia thirouxi titillans (Bezzi, 1907)
 Lyperosia titillans Bezzi, 1907: 454. Replacement name for irritans of Rondani (1862) and Pandellé (1898) in part, not Linnaeus, 1758 (misidentifications). Type-localities: Italy, Parma district, Calabria and the Alps; and France, Landes and Paris. Syntypes ♂ ♀, MZUF, MNHN, 11♂ 2♀, MCSNM (seen), 1♂, BMNH (Pont, 1990: 169), and 1♂, IPP (seen).
 Siberian records: Chelyabinskaya Oblast’, Troizkiy Rayon (Kutuzova, 1993: 74, 75); Tyumenskaya Oblast’, forest steppe, subtaiga and southern taiga (Veselkin, 1966: 787); Kurganskaya Oblast’ (Veselkin, 1989: 11); Tyumen’ and Omsk (Veselkin, 1972: 270–271); Baykal-Amur railway (Veselkin, 1981: 371); South Tyva (Lake Shara-Nur and River Naryn-gol) (Pridantseva, 1959: 145–155); South Tyva, River Naryn-gol (Pridantseva, 1967: 828); Respublika Tyva (Tamarina & Khromova, 1980: 81); South Siberia (Hörning, 1959: 340); West and East Siberia (Pont, 1986a: 109).
 General distribution: Palaearctic Region, from Europe east to China, also India (Kashmir).
description: Published as part of Sorokina, Vera S. & Pont, Adrian C., 2010, An annotated catalogue of the Muscidae (Diptera) of Siberia 2597, pp. 1-87 in Zootaxa 2597 (1) on pages 32-33, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2597.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5318926
Additional file 3: Figure S3. of Diversification of non-visual photopigment parapinopsin in spectral sensitivity for diverse pineal functions
Creators: name: Koyanagi, Mitsumasa
name: Wada, Seiji
name: Kawano-Yamashita, Emi
name: Hara, Yuichiro
name: Kuraku, Shigehiro
name: Kosaka, Shigeaki
name: Kawakami, Koichi
name: Tamotsu, Satoshi
name: Tsukamoto, Hisao
name: Shichida, Yoshinori
name: Terakita, Akihisa
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Bistable nature of the blue-sensitive parapinopsin PP2. (PDF 181 kb)
Microtargeting im Kampf um junge Wähler : Herausforderung für die politische Bildung
Creators: name: Schulze, Aaron
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt, Halle (Saale)
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Microtargeting
subject: Politische Bildung
subject: Jungwähler
subject: digitaler Wahlkampf
subject: Desinformation
subject: 302
subject: 324

description: Mit dem digitalen Wandel haben sich auch neue Wahlkampfstrategien entwickelt. Um mit der Schnelllebigkeit der digitalisierten Welt Schritt zu halten, setzen immer mehr politische Akteure auf die Analyse von Nutzerdaten. Daraus lassen sich personalisierte Inhalte generieren, mit denen bestimmte Zielgruppen angesprochen werden. Dieses als Microtargeting bekannte Verfahren hat seinen Ursprung in den USA, wird aber mittlerweile auch in Deutschland eingesetzt. Daraus ergeben sich potenzielle Herausforderungen in Form von möglicher gezielter Desinformation und Manipulation. Zur Bewältigung dieser Herausforderungen muss die politische Bildung ein Verständnis für diese Strategien entwickeln, um auch in Zukunft eine vielfältige politische Partizipation zu gewährleisten.
title: Can tardigrades survive Hypervelocity Impacts?
Creators: name: Traspas Muina, Alejandra
Publisher: name: University of Kent
Year: 2021

description: There are many objects in space. It may be unlikely that life evolved there, but if material was removed from a planetary surface as impact ejecta it could contain biological materials and then distribute it across space along with the rocks themselves (e.g. Martian meteorites found on Earth). For this idea, Lithopanspermia, to work, the biological materials or even life itself, needs to be able to survive the shock pressures associated with impacts. So, could tardigrades survive this? This thesis therefore aims to show whether or not microorganisms like tardigrades can survive hypervelocity impacts. This could demonstrate that not only organic compounds, sugars and spores could survive the phenomenon known as panspermia, but also, complex organisms like tardigrades. To achieve this, we used the Light Gas Gun at University of Kent. A shot program was developed and followed to shoot frozen projectiles containing tardigrades. This was done to simulate a possible asteroid or comet which impacts a planetary body, and contains tardigrades frozen in its ice. Optical microscopy was used to detect any survival and to perform different controls on the tardigrade's development throughout this project. The results are discussed in Chapter 4. They show a survival rate of 100% up to ~1GPa. It seems 825 ms-1 is the threshold for tardigrades survival to these high speed impacts. The targets used were sand, and a new target type of water was tested, with preliminary experiments also reported. A set of experiments should be carried out to confirm these results in the future (this is explained in Chapter 5 as future work).
Konzeption eines Corporate Designs für ein Event am Beispiel des Jubiläums der Moritzbastei Leipzig
Creators: name: Brühl, Nicole
Publisher: name: Hochschulbibliothek, Hochschule Merseburg
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Corporate Design
subject: Event
subject: veranstaltende Institution
subject: DDC::300 Sozialwissenschaften::300 Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie::306 Kultur und Institutionen

description: In der Regel werden Events daher in einem Design kommuniziert, welches dem der veranstaltenden Institution entspricht. Dennoch werden regelmäßig Events (z. B. Festivals oder Jubiläen) ausgerichtet, die mit einer eigenen Corporate Identity gesteuert werden, da ihre Öffentlichkeitswirksamkeit über den Bekanntheitsstatus der Kulturinstitution hinausgeht. Dieser Sonderfall von Kultur-Events soll in der vorliegenden Arbeit speziell betrachtet werden. Aktuelle Beispiele sind im Jahr 2019 die Kampagne bauhaus 100 sowie die Kulturhauptstadt Europas Matera 2019 und im Jahr 2020 die Kampagne BTHVN 2020 zum 250. Geburtstag Beethovens. Anlässlich der Konzeption einer Kampagne für das vierzigjährige Jubiläum der Moritzbastei Leipzig (2022) durch die Autorin stellt die vorliegende Arbeit die Frage: Gibt es Design- und Kommunikationsmerkmale, die bei der Konzeption eines Kultur-Events besonders berücksichtigt und angewendet werden? Mit dem Ziel, die Merkmale und Rahmenbedingungen für die Entwicklung einer zeitgemäßen Corporate Identity für Kultur-Events herauszuarbeiten, werden folgende Bestandteile einer Corporate Identity untersucht: Corporate Communication und Corporate Design.
Additional file 4: Figure S4. of Diversification of non-visual photopigment parapinopsin in spectral sensitivity for diverse pineal functions
Creators: name: Koyanagi, Mitsumasa
name: Wada, Seiji
name: Kawano-Yamashita, Emi
name: Hara, Yuichiro
name: Kuraku, Shigehiro
name: Kosaka, Shigeaki
name: Kawakami, Koichi
name: Tamotsu, Satoshi
name: Tsukamoto, Hisao
name: Shichida, Yoshinori
name: Terakita, Akihisa
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology

description: Distribution of PP1 and PP2 in the pineal organ of pufferfish. (PDF 6217 kb)
A central database of CS projects that can open a new perspective on CS knowledge
Creators: name: Calvera-Isabal, Miriam
name: Santos, Patricia
name: Ishari Amarasinghe
name: Davinia Hernandez-Leo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: data
data management
citizen science
database

description: The work presented in this poster addresses the creation of a database of citizen science (CS) projects in the European Union and H2020 associated countries. It is addressed in the context of the CS Track project. Data extracted using automatic and manual methods from more than 40 different CS platforms have the potential to provide a comprehensive view of CS projects along different lines. During the first year of the CS Track project information from a large number of projects have been collected (4511 projects). These data have been classified by descriptors proposed in the PPSR metadata standard. The information obtained is relevant to understand the information related to CS projects and activities. The process of retrieving data is challenging and data cleansing is necessary to retrieve useful information. Furthermore, intensive manual coding of the data that will facilitate subsequent production of relevant information is needed.