cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Annual and Monthly SNAP Participation Rates
Creators: name: Prell, Mark
name: Newman, Constance
name: Scherpf, Erik
name: Prell, Mark
name: Newman, Constance
name: Scherpf, Erik
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Public Economics
subject: SNAP
subject: Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program participation rate
subject: program performance
subject: length-biased sampling
subject: targeting
subject: SNAP administrative data
subject: underreporting
subject: poverty

description: A key aspect of the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Food and Nutrition Service’s (FNS) Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) is the extent to which it reaches its target population—the rate of participation among people who are eligible for SNAP benefits (eli - gibles). FNS publishes national and State-level estimates of participation among eligibles for an average month of the year. This report demonstrates the feasibility and usefulness of estimating an annual SNAP participation rate, which counts the number of individuals who participated at some time during the year as a share of individuals who were eligible at some time during the year. An annual SNAP participation rate matches the annual timeframe that several Federal surveys adopt when collecting data on SNAP participation. It also captures how well the pro - gram reaches all people who are eligible for it at any time during the year, independent of the number of months they were eligible. The monthly rate tends to capture those who have rela - tively more months of eligibility during the year. Results show that the national annual SNAP participation rate among eligibles for 2012 (the most recent year with suitable data) is about 70.7 percent—more than 10 percentage points below the monthly participation rate of 83.1 percent.
Using Household and Intrahousehold Data To Assess Food Insecurity: Evidence from Bangladesh
Creators: name: D'Souza, Anna
name: Tandon, Sharad
name: D'Souza, Anna
name: Tandon, Sharad
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Food security
subject: Bangladesh
subject: intrahousehold consumption

description: This report finds that many women and children in rural Bangladesh are undernourished in households in which their male head of household is adequately nourished, based on an analysis of the Bangladesh Integrated Household Survey. The survey covered household food consumption and expenditure for a given 7 days and individual-level consumption for a given 24 hours (2011 to 2012). Quantitative assessments of food secu­ rity for each type of data found that, if only household-level data were used, a signifi­ cant number of women and children were misclassified as receiving adequate nutrition because calories in a household previously were assumed to be equitably distributed. These findings suggest that intrahousehold data can contribute to the identification of undernourished populations, particularly women and children. Such identification, with the objective of improving nutritional status, is of particular interest to the U.S. Government’s interagency Feed the Future initiative.
title: The feasibility of using standard Z notation in the design of complex systems
Creators: name: Reed, David John
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 1994

description: Formal design methods are becoming increasingly recognised as being useful for specifying complex systems. Incorporating formal methods in the early stages of a design process introduces the possibility of using mathematical techniques, hence improving the effectiveness of a design process. The Z notation has been applied mainly to specifying software, although it has also been used for specifying hardware and general systems. The Z notation fulfils two functions in this thesis. The first function is as a notation for representing specifications of complex systems, and the second function is as a notation for representing implementations of the same complex systems. The suitability of the Z notation for these functions is investigated in three studies. Both the specifications and implementations are represented as unified collections of Schemas that describe the behaviour in response to each set of input conditions. In each of the studies, both the specifications and implementations of the complex system take place at an early stage in a design process. Throughout this thesis non rigorous proof sketches prove that the implementations meet the requirements of the specifications.
Many-body Chern number from statistical correlations of randomized measurements
Creators: name: Cian, Ze-Pei
name: Dehghani, Hossein
name: Elben, Andreas
name: Vermersch, Benoît
name: Zhu, Guanyu
name: Barkeshli, Maissam
name: Zoller, Peter
name: Hafezi, Mohammad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of the main topological invariants that characterizes several topologically-ordered phases is the many-body Chern number (MBCN). Paradigmatic examples include several fractional quantum Hall phases, which are expected to be realized in different atomic and photonic quantum platforms in the near future. Experimental measurement and numerical computation of this invariant is conventionally based on the linear-response techniques which require having access to a family of states, as a function of an external parameter, which is not suitable for many quantum simulators. Here, we propose an ancilla-free experimental scheme for the measurement of this invariant, without requiring any knowledge of the Hamiltonian. Specifically, we use the statistical correlations of randomized measurements to infer the MBCN of a wavefunction. Remarkably, our results apply to disk-like geometries that are more amenable to current quantum simulator architectures.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
Frutexites-like structures formed by iron oxidizing biofilms in the continental subsurface (Äspö Hard Rock Laboratory, Sweden)
Creators: name: Heim, Christine
name: Quéric, Nadia-Valérie
name: Ionescu, Danny
name: Schäfer, Nadine
name: Reitner, Joachim
Publisher: name: FID GEO
Year: 2017

description: Stromatolitic iron-rich structures have been reported from many ancient environments and are often described as Frutexites, a cryptic microfossil. Although microbial formation of such structures is likely, a clear relation to a microbial precursor is lacking so far. Here we report recent iron oxidizing biofilms which resemble the ancient Frutexites structures. The living Frutexites-like biofilms were sampled at 160 m depth in the Äspö Hard Rock Laboratory in Sweden. Investigations using microscopy, 454 pyrosequencing, FISH, Raman spectroscopy, biomarker and trace element analysis allowed a detailed view of the structural components of the mineralized biofilm. The most abundant bacterial groups were involved in nitrogen and iron cycling. Furthermore, Archaea are widely distributed in the Frutexites-like biofilm, even though their functional role remains unclear. Biomarker analysis revealed abundant sterols in the biofilm most likely from algal and fungal origins. Our results indicate that the Frutexites-like biofilm was built up by a complex microbial community. The functional role of each community member in the formation of the dendritic structures, as well as their potential relation to fossil Frutexites remains under investigation.
description: Open-Access-Publikationsfonds 2017
Large Photonic Band Gaps in Certain Periodic and Quasi-Periodic Networks in two and three dimensions
Creators: name: Cheung, S. K.
name: Chan, T. L.
name: Zhang, Z. Q.
name: Chan, C. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The photonic band structures in certain two- and three-dimensional periodic networks made of one-dimensional waveguides are studied by using the Floquet-Bloch theorem. We find that photonic band gaps exist only in those structures where the fundamental loop exhibits anti-resonant transmission. This is also true for quasi-periodic networks in two and three dimensions, where the photonic band structures are calculated from the spectra of total transmission arising from a source inside the samples. In all the cases we have studied, it is also found that the gap positions in a network are dictated by the frequencies at which the anti-resonance occurs.
description: 7 pages, 10 figures and 1 table. Published in Phys. Rev. B, 70, 125104 (2004)
title: The Gujaratis of Bolton: the leaders and the led
Creators: name: Hahlo, Kenneth Geoffrey
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 1993

description: This thesis is a study of local rather than national black politics. The participation of Gujaratis, who comprise the largest ethnic minority community in Bolton, in local politics is constrained by their loyalty to Gujarati identities and by racism within political parties. The settlement patterns of Gujaratis in Bolton reflect in part the socio-economic constraints experienced by black immigrants in Britain generally, and in part their allegiance to faction, caste, sect and religious identities. On the basis of some of these social identities have developed organisations which respond to particular social, religious and political needs. These organisations provide the only opportunities for the development of black structures of support and leadership within this large community. Notions of racism are based upon a dialogue between white and Gujarati notions of what is common sense. These notions form the basis of Gujaratis' perceptions of social distances that separate them from others. The core of support for leaders is based upon personal social networks. The social characteristics of these social networks influence the patterns of close friendships between Gujaratis and members of other communities in the town. These patterns show that Gujaratis exclude Gujaratis who belong to other Gujarati religious communities and members of other ethnic communities, black and white, from close friendships. Friendships with those perceived to be social distant are of lower intensity, thus excluding these people from sharing in a common body of Gujarati knowledge. In the context of Bolton these Gujaratis find themselves unable to participate within the formal political hierarchy and decision making arenas. The local Community Relations Council offers Gujarati and other black leaders of organisations a forum within which they can meet with some of the locally and nationally elected political representatives. The debate centres on events, involving Gujarati and other participants, which allow leaders of Gujarati organisations and politicians and other members of the CRC to negotiate the power relations between black and white. However, the consequence is that the Gujaratis are still relegated to the periphery of formal political decision-making arenas.
The Profit Potential of Certified Organic Field Crop Production
Creators: name: McBride, William D.
name: Greene, Catherine
name: Foreman, Linda
name: Ali, Mir
name: McBride, William D.
name: Greene, Catherine
name: Foreman, Linda
name: Ali, Mir
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Farm Management
subject: corn
subject: wheat
subject: soybeans
subject: organic and conventional production
subject: average treatment-effect
subject: propensity-score matching
subject: regression with endogenous treatment-effects
subject: Agricultural Resource Management Survey (ARMS)
subject: production costs
subject: profitability
subject: organic price premium

description: Organic crop acres in the United States more than doubled between 2002 and 2011 as acreage increased from 1.3 to over 3 million acres. While acreage for some major field crops increased substantially during this period, growth was more modest or had stalled for others. This study examines the profitability of corn, wheat, and soybean production using national survey data and finds that significant economic returns are possible from organic production of these crops. The main reason for higher per-bushel returns to organic production is the price premiums paid for organic crops. Despite potentially higher returns, the adoption of organic field crop production has been slow and is challenging due to such factors as achieving effective weed control and the processes involved with organic certification.
Stripe patterns orientation resulting from nonuniform forcings and other competitive effects in the Swift-Hohenberg dynamics
Creators: name: Coelho, Daniel L.
name: Vitral, Eduardo
name: Pontes, José
name: Mangiavacchi, Norberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spatio-temporal pattern formation in complex systems presents rich nonlinear dynamics which leads to the emergence of periodic nonequilibrium structures. One of the most prominent equations for the theoretical and numerical study of the evolution of these textures is the Swift-Hohenberg (SH) equation, which presents a bifurcation parameter (forcing) that controls the dynamics by changing the energy landscape of the system, and has been largely employed in phase-field models. Though a large part of the literature on pattern formation addresses uniformly forced systems, nonuniform forcings are also observed in several natural systems, for instance, in developmental biology and in soft matter applications. In these cases, an orientation effect due to forcing gradients is a new factor playing a role in the development of patterns, particularly in the class of stripe patterns, which we investigate through the nonuniformly forced SH dynamics. The present work addresses amplitude instability of stripe textures induced by forcing gradients, and the competition between the orientation effect of the gradient and other bulk, boundary, and geometric effects taking part in the selection of the emerging patterns. A weakly nonlinear analysis suggests that stripes are stable with respect to small amplitude perturbations when aligned with the gradient, and become unstable to such perturbations when when aligned perpendicularly to the gradient. This analysis is vastly complemented by a numerical work that accounts for other effects, confirming that forcing gradients drive stripe alignment, or even reorient them from preexisting conditions. However, we observe that the orientation effect does not always prevail in the face of competing effects, whose hierarchy is suggested to depend on the magnitude of the forcing gradient.
Insect Control on Maize in Suriname
Creators: name: Segeren, P.A.
name: Sharma, S.R.
name: Segeren, P.A.
name: Sharma, S.R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1978
Subjects: Agribusiness
Crop Production/Industries

description: Major insect problems on maize are caused by Scapteriscusspp (mole cricket), Spodoptera (Laphygma) frugiperda, Heliothis zea, Diatraea sacharalis and harvesting ants (Atta spp J. Etecause the majority of the farmers grow maize only as a first crop just after clearing and burning their fields, insect infestation is rather low and regeneration is good. However, when maize is growing as a regular crop infestation of Spodoptera and Heliothis becomes high. Results of control experiments mainly on Spodoptera frugiperda, during the last two years, are presented.
Thermally induced generation and annihilation of magnetic chiral skyrmion bubbles and achiral bubbles in Mn-Ni-Ga Magnets
Creators: name: Ding, Bei
name: Zhang, Junwei
name: Li, Hang
name: Zhang, Senfu
name: Liu, Enke
name: Wu, Guangheng
name: Zhang, Xixiang
name: Wang, Wenhong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic chiral skyrmion bubbles and achiral bubbles are two independent magnetic domain structures, in which the former with equivalent winding number to skyrmions offers great promise as information carriers for further spintronic devices. Here, in this work, we experimentally investigate the generation and annihilation of magnetic chiral skyrmion bubbles and achiral bubbles in the Mn-Ni-Ga thin plate by using the Lorentz transmission electron microscopy (L-TEM). The two independent magnetic domain structures can be directly controlled after the field cooling manipulation by varying the titled angles of external magnetic fields. By imaging the magnetization reversal with increasing temperature, we found an extraordinary annihilation mode of magnetic chiral skyrmion bubbles and a non-linear frequency for the winding number reversal. Quantitative analysis of such dynamics was performed by using L-TEM to directly determine the barrier energy for the magnetization reversal of magnetic chiral skyrmion bubbles.
description: 15 pages,4 figures
title: Development of rapid techniques based on selective dissolution for the determination of the precious metals in geological samples
Creators: name: Gowing, Charles John Buttress
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 1993

description: The development of a rapid analytical technique for the determination of the platinumgroup elements (PGE) and gold in geological samples is described. The technique is based on selective aqua regia acid leach followed by a selective extraction (using diphenylthiourea and 1,2-dichloroethane) to separate the PGE and Au as a group from concomitant matrix elements. Organic extracts and aqueous raffinates were analysed by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry, for which a comprehensive assessment of matrix interference effects was undertaken. Direct analysis of the aqua regia acid leachates by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was also evaluated. A number of other techniques were used to evaluate recoveries following acid attack, including x-ray fluorescence spectrometry and instrumental neutron activation analysis of solid residues and beta-autoradiography of thin sections to characterise PGE mineral solubility. The results of these investigations identified optimum conditions for aqua regia extraction (20 ml of normal (3: 1) aqua regia for a 10 g sample, stirring for two hours at room temperature) and that quantitative recoveries can be expected for Au and semiquantitative for Pd with lower, but variable recoveries for Pt, Rh, Ru and Os and very low recovery of Ir. The solvent extraction procedure was effective in selectively extracting Au and Rh but was not quantitative in the extraction of Pt, Pd and Ru, the extraction of which appeared to be influenced by the sample matrix. Further studies on the solubility in aqua regia of individual PGE minerals indicated that the main control of aqua regia extraction efficiency was sample mineralogy. The aqua regia leach procedure was applied to a range of samples that had been independently analysed by NiS fire assay as well as appropriate reference materials. This extraction procedure, with direct analysis of leachates by ICP-MS, was also used as the primary technique for characterising the homogeneity of two new chromitite reference materials, CHR-Pt+ and CHR-Bkg.
Tikhonov regularization for polynomial approximation problems in Gauss quadrature points
Creators: name: An, Congpei
name: Wu, Hao-Ning
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 41A05, 65D99, 65D32, 94A99

description: This paper is concerned with the introduction of Tikhonov regularization into least squares approximation scheme on $[-1,1]$ by orthonormal polynomials, in order to handle noisy data. This scheme includes interpolation and hyperinterpolation as special cases. With Gauss quadrature points employed as nodes, coefficients of the approximation polynomial with respect to given basis are derived in an entry-wise closed form. Under interpolatory conditions, the solution to the regularized approximation problem is rewritten in forms of two kinds of barycentric interpolation formulae, by introducing only a multiplicative correction factor into both classical barycentric formulae. An $L_2$ error bound and a uniform error bound are derived, providing similar information that Tikhonov regularization is able to reduce the operator norm (Lebesgue constant) and the error term related to the level of noise, both by multiplying a correction factor which is less than one. Numerical examples show the benefits of Tikhonov regularization when data is noisy or data size is relatively small.
description: 20 pages, 5 figures
Über Schmelzvorgang und Wärmehaushalt im Zentralgebiet des Inlandeises
Creators: name: Jaspersen, Paul
Publisher: name: Geozon Science Media
Year: 1955

description: In der folgenden Arbeit wird der Nachweis geführt, daß auch in größerer Tiefe der zentralen grönländischen Eiskappe, abgesehen von der Bodenzone, ein Schmelzen nicht stattfindet.
description: research
Klima und Tektonik des Pleistozäns von Northeim
Creators: name: Lüttig, Gerd
Publisher: name: Geozon Science Media
Year: 1954

description: Nachdem in einer anderen Arbeit pleistozäne tektonische Bewegungen aus dem Gebiet nördlich von Northeim beschrieben worden sind, werden jetzt durch neue Bohrungen Verstellungen nachgewiesen, die den elster/saale-interglazialen Ton von Northeim betroffen haben. Die durch eine der Bohrungen angetroffenen Sedimente werden petrographisch beschrieben und paläoklimatologisch ausgedeutet. Dabei werden die Begriffe ϱ-Divergenz und ϱ-Konvergenz verwendet; sie gestatten Rückschlüsse auf die Art des Transportmediums.
description: research
The high-energy hadron spin-flip amplitude at small momentum transfer and new AN data from RHIC
Creators: name: Cudell, J. R.
name: Predazzi, E.
name: Selyugin, O. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the case of elastic high-energy hadron-hadron scattering, the impact of the large-distance contributions on the behaviour of the slopes of the spin-non-flip and of the spin-flip amplitudes is analysed. It is shown that the long tail of the hadronic potential in impact parameter space leads to a value of the slope of the reduced spin-flip amplitude larger than that of the spin-non-flip amplitude. This effect is taken into account in the calculation of the analysing power in proton-nucleus reactions at high energies. It is shown that the preliminary measurement of AN obtained by the E950 Collaboration indeed favour a spin-flip-amplitude with a large slope. Predictions for AN at pL = 250 GeV/c are given.
description: 16 pages, 5 figures, a few typos fixed in v. 2
Design of a dynamic and self adapting system, supported with artificial intelligence, machine learning and real time intelligence for predictive cyber risk analytics in extreme environments, cyber risk in the colonisation of Mars
Creators: name: Radanliev, Petar
name: De Roure, David
name: Page, Kevin
name: Van Kleek, Max
name: Santos, Omar
name: Maddox, La Treall
name: Burnap, Pete
name: Anthi, Eirini
name: Maple, Carsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.1.2; D.4; G.1; G.3; H.4
subject: 68T01, 68T05, 97P80, 68T37

description: Multiple governmental agencies and private organisations have made commitments for the colonisation of Mars. Such colonisation requires complex systems and infrastructure that could be very costly to repair or replace in cases of cyber attacks. This paper surveys deep learning algorithms, IoT cyber security and risk models, and established mathematical formulas to identify the best approach for developing a dynamic and self adapting system for predictive cyber risk analytics supported with Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning and real time intelligence in edge computing. The paper presents a new mathematical approach for integrating concepts for cognition engine design, edge computing and Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning to automate anomaly detection. This engine instigates a step change by applying Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning embedded at the edge of IoT networks, to deliver safe and functional real time intelligence for predictive cyber risk analytics. This will enhance capacities for risk analytics and assists in the creation of a comprehensive and systematic understanding of the opportunities and threats that arise when edge computing nodes are deployed, and when Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning technologies are migrated to the periphery of the internet and into local IoT networks.
description: 12 pages, 1 figure
Intermolecular adhesion in conducting polymers
Creators: name: Schmit, Jeremy D.
name: Levine, Alex J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the interaction of two conducting, charged polymer chains in solution using a minimal model for their electronic degrees of freedom. We show that a crossing of the two chains in which the polymers pass within Angstroms of each other leads to a decrease of the electronic energy of the combined system that is significantly larger than the thermal energy and thus promotes interchain aggregation. We consider the competition of this attractive interaction with the screened electrostatic repulsion and thereby propose a phase diagram for such polymers in solution; depending on the charge density and persistence length of the chains, the polymers may be unbound, bound in loose, braid-like structures, or tightly bound in a parallel configuration.
description: 13 pages, 7 figures
Quantitative assessments of water-use efficiency in Temperate Eurasian Steppe along an aridity gradient.
Creators: name: Chen, Yizhao
name: Li, Jianlong
name: Ju, Weimin
name: Ruan, Honghua
name: Qin, Zhihao
name: Huang, Yiye
name: Jeelani, Nasreen
name: Padarian, José
name: Propastin, Pavel
Publisher: name: FID GEO
Year: 2017

description: Water-use efficiency (WUE), defined as the ratio of net primary productivity (NPP) to evapotranspiration (ET), is an important indicator to represent the trade-off pattern between vegetation productivity and water consumption. Its dynamics under climate change are important to ecohydrology and ecosystem management, especially in the drylands. In this study, we modified and used a late version of Boreal Ecosystem Productivity Simulator (BEPS), to quantify the WUE in the typical dryland ecosystems, Temperate Eurasian Steppe (TES). The Aridity Index (AI) was used to specify the terrestrial water availability condition. The regional results showed that during the period of 1999-2008, the WUE has a clear decreasing trend in the spatial distribution from arid to humid areas. The highest annual average WUE was in dry and semi-humid sub-region (DSH) with 0.88 gC mm-1 and the lowest was in arid sub-region (AR) with 0.22 gC mm-1. A two-stage pattern of WUE was found in TES. That is, WUE would enhance with lower aridity stress, but decline under the humid environment. Over 65% of the region exhibited increasing WUE. This enhancement, however, could not indicate that the grasslands were getting better because the NPP even slightly decreased. It was mainly attributed to the reduction of ET over 70% of the region, which is closely related to the rainfall decrease. The results also suggested a similar negative spatial correlation between the WUE and the mean annual precipitation (MAP) at the driest and the most humid ends. This regional pattern reflected the different roles of water in regulating the terrestrial ecosystems under different aridity levels. This study could facilitate the understanding of the interactions between terrestrial carbon and water cycles, and thus contribute to a sustainable management of nature resources in the dryland ecosystems.
Popularity and Centrality in Spotify Networks: Critical transitions in eigenvector centrality
Creators: name: South, Tobin
name: Roughan, Matthew
name: Mitchell, Lewis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The modern age of digital music access has increased the availability of data about music consumption and creation, facilitating the large-scale analysis of the complex networks that connect music together. Data about user streaming behaviour, and the musical collaboration networks are particularly important with new data-driven recommendation systems. Without thorough analysis, such collaboration graphs can lead to false or misleading conclusions. Here we present a new collaboration network of artists from the online music streaming service Spotify, and demonstrate a critical change in the eigenvector centrality of artists, as low popularity artists are removed. The critical change in centrality, from classical artists to rap artists, demonstrates deeper structural properties of the network. A Social Group Centrality model is presented to simulate this critical transition behaviour, and switching between dominant eigenvectors is observed. This model presents a novel investigation of the effect of popularity bias on how centrality and importance are measured, and provides a new tool for examining such flaws in networks.
Integrated infrastructure : a neighborshed approach to stormwater management
Creators: name: Rodgers, Kelly
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: This thesis describes an integrated approach to infrastructure planning, watershed management and neighborhood livability for an urban basin in Portland, Oregon. After an examination of existing integrated approaches used in Oregon and British Columbia, this project outlines a framework for the analysis and planning of green infrastructure in the Oak Basin. After analyzing the conditions of the three systems that affect and are affected by green infrastructure (infrastructure - watershed - neighborhood), a green infrastructure plan was developed to meet systems needs. Additionally, site level designs reflect green infrastructure plan goals and targets as well as illustrating how these spaces can contribute to neighborhood livability.
Kommunale Mitwirkung von Kindern und Jugendlichen
Creators: name: Fuchs, Manuel
name: Gerodetti, Julia
name: Gerngross, Martina
Publisher: name: DOJ
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Partizipation
subject: Sozialraum
subject: Kommunal
subject: Kinder- und Jugendförderung
subject: Offene Kinder- und Jugendarbeit
subject: Bestandesaufnahme zur offenen Kinder- und Jugendarbeit
subject: 300 - Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie, Anthropologie

description: Dass die Partizipation von Kindern und Jugendlichen in Einrichtungen der Offenen Kinder- und Jugendarbeit (OKJA) einen zentralen Stellenwert hat, ist unbestritten und aufgrund der ersten schweizweiten Bestandsaufnahe zur OKJA von Gerodetti et al. (2021) empirisch belegt. Doch wie sieht es in der Praxis mit der Förderung der kommunalen Partizipation von Kindern und Jugendlichen aus? Auf diese Frage finden sich in den Studienergebnissen und im Fachdiskurs wichtige Erkenntnisse.
Post-Planting Weed Control Treatments for Maize in Suriname
Creators: name: Dumas, R.E.
name: Ausan, S.
name: Dumas, R.E.
name: Ausan, S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1978
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Crop Production/Industries

description: Information is given on the crop and the weed control treatments tested. Control effectiveness of the selected treatments, i.e. alachlor, atrazine, cyanazine, methazole, paraquat, handhoeing, inter-row rotavating and spiral plowing are discussed. Except for cyanazine and paraquat, the experimental results are summarized with regard to seedling emergence, flowering, number of ears per plant, grain yield and N-content of the grains. Alachlor pre-em. had a depressive effect on seedling emergence, whereas a lower N content of the grains was recorded after preem. use of atrazine. The remaining effects of the weed control treatments on the crop were not statistically significant at the 5% level. The damage symptoms encountered are described. Eventually the labour requirements are given for hand-hoeing, inter-row rotavating, spiral plowing and spraying.
Plants Used for Common Diseases by Tribes of Nandurbar District (MS). India
Creators: name: Amnaulla, Khan
name: Dr M. H. Mali
name: Dr. S. V. Deore
name: Dr. M. B. Patil
Publisher: name: NEWSLETTER
Year: 2020

description: Ethno botanical studies were carried out in different tribal and other rural communities were interviewed to record information regarding their lifestyle, tradition, culture and medicinal uses of plant species out of number of plants used by these tribes for treatment of various ailments 30 plants are used to treat. The local names, locality and collection number along with parts used and mode of administration for treatment to cure diseases like are presented here. Both traditional and Ethnobotanical knowledge has greatest advantage to human welfare through various benefits and as these plants are easily available around us, thus biotechnologically they are important.
title: Alternative employment and training projects in Berlin
Creators: name: Rüther-Greaves, Renate
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 1994

description: The research presented in the thesis is a case-study of attempts to develop socially useful and environmentally sound technology (suest), products or services, as undertaken by alternative employment and training projects in West Berlin. The research is important for the exploration of several issues: the limits of training as a process of changing employment patterns and technological practices; the role of the voluntary / alternative sector; the role of "suest" generally. The initiator group and the eight member groups of the Kooperationsverbund Entwicklungswerkstatt comprised the focal point of the research. Findings from the study suggest that the "training" focus has nearly as many limits as the "products" focus: there were internal problems which in part reflect the confusion about the role of training as a social / technological change agent. The fate of these initiatives will depend largely on what happens to the German economy: will it re-expand conventionally or will "alternative" models prevail?
A biphotons double slit experiment
Creators: name: Brida, G.
name: Cagliero, E.
name: Falzetta, G.
name: Gramegna, M. Genovese M.
name: predazzi, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we present a double slit experiment where two undistinguishable photons produced by type I PDC are sent each to a well defined slit. Data about the diffraction and interference patterns for coincidences are presented and discussed. An analysis of these data allows a first test of standard quantum mechanics against de Broglie-Bohm theory.
title: The political economy of curriculum change in further education : the case of the Business and Technology Education Council
Creators: name: Swatton, Nicholas Paul
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 1993

description: This thesis offers an account of the origins and purposes of business studies courses validated by the Business and Technology Education Council (BTEC) and their relationship to changes in the nature of clerical work. The thesis examines the ways in which BTEC courses may be said to prepare young people for a place in the workforce and the way in which teachers and students in FE colleges interpret and respond to the courses. Part one offers an analysis of political interventions intended to reduce the power of educationalists by increasing the influence of 'market forces' in further education. It is argued that BTEC courses can best be understood as part of a state strategy to facilitate change in the labour market. Evidence relating to the deskilling of clerical work is examined and it is argued that such deskilling gives rise to a demand for transferable clerical 'skills'. Using evidence from archive material, it is argued that the underlying purpose of BTEC business studies courses is the creation of a clerical labour market where such 'skills' can be traded. The second part of the thesis, based on fieldwork undertaken in two colleges, analyses the impact of BTEC courses within FE and assesses the degree of central control over the practice of teachers. The nature of the practice which BTEC sought to encourage and the mechanisms through which change was to be achieved are examined and related to the analysis in part one of the thesis. The response of students to the demands of the courses within one college is analysed and evidence offered which suggests that many characterisations of the role of FE in preparing young people for a place in the labour force understate the role of young people as active participants in this process.
Wess-Zumino Current and the Structure of the Decay tau^- to K^-K^+ pi^- nu_tau
Creators: name: Coan, T. E.
name: Collaboration, CLEO
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first study of the vector (Wess-Zumino) current in tau^-\to K^-pi^-K^+ν_τdecay using data collected with the CLEO III detector at the Cornell Electron Storage Ring. We determine the quantitative contributions to the decay width from the vector and axial vector currents. Within the framework of a model by Kuhn and Mirkes, we identify the quantitative contributions to the total decay rate from the intermediate states ωπ, ρ^{(\prime)}πand K^{*}K.
description: 10 pages postscript, als available through http://www.lns.cornell.edu/public/CLNS/2003/, accepted by PRL
Resource requirements for efficient quantum communication using all-photonic graph states generated from a few matter qubits
Creators: name: Hilaire, Paul
name: Barnes, Edwin
name: Economou, Sophia E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum communication technologies show great promise for applications ranging from the secure transmission of secret messages to distributed quantum computing. Due to fiber losses, long-distance quantum communication requires the use of quantum repeaters, for which there exist quantum memory-based schemes and all-photonic schemes. While all-photonic approaches based on graph states generated from linear optics avoid coherence time issues associated with memories, they outperform repeater-less protocols only at the expense of a prohibitively large overhead in resources. Here, we consider using matter qubits to produce the photonic graph states and analyze in detail the trade-off between resources and performance, as characterized by the achievable secret key rate per matter qubit. We show that fast two-qubit entangling gates between matter qubits and high photon collection and detection efficiencies are the main ingredients needed for the all-photonic protocol to outperform both repeater-less and memory-based schemes.
description: 24 pages, 6 figures
The behaviour of consolidated volcanic tuffs: weathering mechanisms under simulated laboratory conditions
Creators: name: Stück, H.
name: Forgó, L. Z.
name: Rüdrich, J.
name: Siegesmund, S.
name: Török, Á.
Publisher: name: Springer
Year: 2008

description: Five volcanic tuffs ranging from dacitic tuffs of Hungary to rhyolite, phonolite and basaltic tuffs of Germany were consolidated under laboratory conditions. Prior to consolidation an anti-hygro, a hydrous consolidant, which reduces the swelling ability of clay minerals, was applied. The three consolidants, a silicic acid ester (SAE), an elastic silicic acid ester (eSAE) and an acrylate resin (PMMA) were applied on test specimens under vacuum. Petrographic characterisation (polarizing microscopy, XRD, SEM) provided data for fabric analyses and the mineral composition of the tuffs. Changes in fabric, effective porosity, density, tensile strength, ultrasonic wave velocity were evaluated after the treatment. Weathering simulation tests such as hygric dilatation and thermal dilatation aimed to prove the effectiveness of consolidation and the durability of consolidated tuff samples. More than 500 samples were analysed. The tests showed that SAE caused the highest increase in indirect tensile strength. The water absorption and the pore size distribution of the tuffs were modified by consolidation. The PMMA reduced the water absorption the most, whereas SAE modified it the least. All the tested consolidants increased the thermal dilatation of the tuffs. The changes in hygric dilatation were not uniform: for most tuffs SAE increased and PMMA decreased the hygric dilatation, although the clay-rich Habichtswald tuff showed the opposite trend. The changes in hygric and thermal behaviour of consolidated tuff require special care when specific consolidants are chosen. These products modify the physical properties of consolidated tuffs and change the behaviour of weathering.
Development of a numerical workflow based on μ-CT imaging for the determination of capillary pressure–saturation-specific interfacial area relationship in 2-phase flow pore-scale porous-media systems: a case study on Heletz sandstone
Creators: name: Peche, Aaron
name: Halisch, Matthias
name: Bogdan Tatomir, Alexandru
name: Sauter, Martin
Publisher: name: FID GEO
Year: 2016

description: In this case study, we present the implementation of a finite element method (FEM)-based numerical pore-scale model that is able to track and quantify the propagating fluid–fluid interfacial area on highly complex micro-computed tomography (μ-CT)-obtained geometries. Special focus is drawn to the relationship between reservoir-specific capillary pressure (pc), wetting phase saturation (Sw) and interfacial area (awn). The basis of this approach is high-resolution μ-CT images representing the geometrical characteristics of a georeservoir sample. The successfully validated 2-phase flow model is based on the Navier–Stokes equations, including the surface tension force, in order to consider capillary effects for the computation of flow and the phase-field method for the emulation of a sharp fluid–fluid interface. In combination with specialized software packages, a complex high-resolution modelling domain can be obtained. A numerical workflow based on representative elementary volume (REV)-scale pore-size distributions is introduced. This workflow aims at the successive modification of model and model set-up for simulating, such as a type of 2-phase problem on asymmetric μ-CT-based model domains. The geometrical complexity is gradually increased, starting from idealized pore geometries until complex μ-CT-based pore network domains, whereas all domains represent geostatistics of the REV-scale core sample pore-size distribution. Finally, the model can be applied to a complex μ-CT-based model domain and the pc–Sw–awn relationship can be computed.
Synthesis of Asymmetric Thiazolyl Pyrazolines as a Potential Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Agents
Creators: name: Raut, Dattatraya G.
name: Lawand, Anjana S.
name: Kadu, Vikas D.
name: Hublikar, Mahesh G.
name: Patil, Sandeep B.
name: Bhosale, Dnyandev G.
name: Bhosale, Raghunath B.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology

description: A new series of 1-Thiazolyl-2-Pyrazolines 5a-g was accomplished by reacting pyrazolealdehyde with an appropriate aromatic ketone in the presence of PEG-300 as a solvent to yield chalcone. The chalcones reacted with thiosemicarbazide to yield asymmetric 1-thiocarbamoyl pyrazoles. The above formed 1-thiocarbamoyl pyrazoles reacted with appropriate α- haloketones to yield 1-Thiazolyl-2-Pyrazolines. The structural interpretations of newly formed compounds were done by 1H NMR, 13CNMR, IR and mass spectroscopic methods. The newly prepared asymmetric 1-Thiazolyl-2-pyrazoline derivatives were evaluated to their in vitro antioxidant (H2O2, DPPH, SOR and NO radical inhibiting activity) as well as anti-inflammatory activity. The 1-Thiazolyl-2-pyrazoline derivatives 5a-g exhibited moderate to good H2O2 scavenging activity as match up to ascorbic acid. All the 1-Thiazolyl-2-pyrazoline derivatives exhibited excellent SOR scavenging activity except 5 b. All the tested compounds have shown good to excellent, NO radical inhibiting activity. DPPH radical scavenging activity results have shown low antioxidant activity. Also, all the 1-Thiazolyl-2-pyrazoline derivatives were tested for their in vitro anti-inflammatory activity. The compounds 5a, 5 b, 5c, 5f and 5 g were exhibited good anti-inflammatory activity and 5d showed moderate activity while 5e less active as match up to diclofenac sodium as a standard reference.
title: The representation of spatial mental models in long-term memory
Creators: name: Baguley, Thomas Simon
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 1994

description: This thesis is concerned with how people understand and remember spatial information derived from verbal descriptions. The thesis distinguishes between three different ways of representing spatial information in working memory. The first way is to represent the surface form of the source from which the spatial information is derived (the language of a description). The second is to represent the structure of the situation derived from that source (a spatial mental model). The third is to represent the perceptual characteristics of the situation from a particular perspective (a visual image). Considerable evidence exists that people construct and manipulate spatial mental models in working memory. The purpose of this thesis is to investigate the claim that mental models are represented in long-term memory. An outline of the spatial mental modeling processes required to understand a simple spatial description is proposed. It is proposed that spatial mental modeling is comprised of three processing stages. Firstly, comprehension processes are required to access the linguistic meaning of information presented in spatial description. Secondly, construction processes are required to build up a representation of the spatial structure of the situation derived from the language of the description. Thirdly, consultation processes are required to monitor construction and to access information from the spatial mental model. Nine experiments are reported which investigate evidence for and against the view that people remember the construction and consultation of a spatial mental model. In the final chapter this evidence is reviewed and a 'sketch' of a processing theory of memory for spatial descriptions is proposed. It is argued that memory for a spatial mental model is a product of the interaction between construction and consultation processes over a period of time rather than a simple 'copy' of a completed working memory spatial mental model.