Damas zea Zhang & Cong & Grishin 2023, new species
Creators: name: Zhang, Jing
name: Cong, Qian
name: Grishin, Nick V.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Hesperiidae
Damas
Damas zea

description: Damas zea Grishin, new species   
https://zoobank.org/ 60CBF52F-A78C-4AA8-8C6C-5E47E7638F4D  
(Fig. 8 part, 211–212, 451–453)  
 Definition and diagnosis. Phylogenetic trees reveal that a specimen from Guyana that is similar in appearance to Damas cervelina Orellana and Costa 2019 (type locality in Venezuela) shows prominent genetic differentiation from it (Fig. 8): e.g., their COI barcodes differ by 4.1% (27 bp), and therefore represents a new species. This new species differs from its sister D. cervelina by forewing spots being rounder and subapical spots lacking. This species is not cryptic and is diagnosed reliably by phenotype. In DNA, a combination of the following base pairs is diagnostic in the nuclear genome: aly393.18.11:A61G, aly860.2.2:G81T, aly 1772.7.1:T522G, aly 1772.7.1:T732A, aly 1405.1.1:T303C, aly499.36.2:C202C (not A), aly499.36.2:A240A (not G), aly16540.2.1:C225C (not T), aly16540.2.1:A289A (not T), aly2700.18.3:G117G (not A), and COI barcode: T133C, T136C, T337C, T406C, A562G.   
 Barcode sequence of the holotype. Sample NVG-8006, GenBank OR837719, 658 base pairs: AACTTTATATTTTATTTTTGGTATTTGAGCAGGATTATTAGGAACTTCTTTAAGTATATTAATTCGAACAGAATTAGGAAATCCTGGATCTTTAATT GGAGATGATCAAATTTATAATACAATTGTTACAGCCCACGCCTTTATTATAATTTTCTTTATAGTTATACCTATTATAATTGGAGGATTTGGTAATT GATTAGTACCTTTAATATTAGGTGCTCCTGATATAGCTTTCCCTCGAATAAATAATATAAGATTTTGAATATTACCTCCATCTTTAATCTTATTAAT TTCAAGAAGAATCGTAGAAACTGGAGCAGGAACTGGTTGAACTGTCTATCCCCCTCTTTCCTCCAATATTGCTCACCAAGGAGCTTCAGTAGATTTA GCTATTTTTTCCTTACACTTAGCAGGAATTTCTTCCATTTTAGGAGCAATTAATTTTATTACCACAATCATTAATATACGTGTAAGAAATTTATCTT TTGATCAAATACCTTTATTTGTATGATCAGTAGGAATTACAGCCCTATTATTACTTTTATCTTTACCAGTTTTAGCGGGAGCTATTACTATATTACT TACTGATCGAAATCTTAATACTTCTTTTTTTGACCCAGCTGGAGGAGGAGATCCTATTTTATATCAACATTTATTT   
 Type material. Holotype: ♀ deposited in the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, USA (USNM), illustrated in Fig. 211–212, bears the following six rectangular labels, five white: [Guyana: Region 7 | Mt. Ayanganna | 4500’ - 5500’ | 5°24.1′N 59°57.4′W | 13 – 18 Apr 1999 | leg. S. Fratello, R. Hanner, | W. Prince, R. Williams.], [{QR Code} | USNM ENT 00232408], [DNA sample ID: | NVG-8006 | c/o Nick V. Grishin], [genitalia | NVG170207-91 | Nick V. Grishin], [USNMENT | {QR Code} | 01321846], and one red [HOLOTYPE ♀ | Damas zea | Grishin].   
 Type locality. Guyana: Cuyuni-Mazaruni Region, Mt. Ayanganna, elevation 4500–5500 ft, GPS 5.4017, −59.9567.   
 Etymology. The name reflects wing pattern similarity to the Old World species Unkana mytheca (Hewitson, 1877), which is the type species of the genus Zea Distant, 1886, currently regarded as a junior subjective synonym of the genus Unkana Distant, 1886. The name is a noun in apposition.   
 Distribution. Currently known only from the holotype collected in Guyana.
description: Published as part of Zhang, Jing, Cong, Qian & Grishin, Nick V., 2023, Supplementary Materials and Appendix, pp. 1-115 in Insecta Mundi 2023 (26) on page 85, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10396362