cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A propagation tool to connect remote-sensing observations with in-situ measurements of heliospheric structures
Creators: name: Rouillard, A. P.
name: Lavraud, B.
name: Genot, V.
name: Bouchemit, M.
name: Dufourg, N.
name: Plotnikov, I.
name: Pinto, R. F.
name: Sanchez-Diaz, E.
name: Lavarra, M.
name: Penou, M.
name: Jacquey, C.
name: Andre, N.
name: Caussarieu, S.
name: Toniutti, J. -P.
name: Popescu, D.
name: Buchlin, E.
name: Caminade, S.
name: Alingery, P.
name: Davies, J. A.
name: Odstrcil, D.
name: Mays, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The remoteness of the Sun and the harsh conditions prevailing in the solar corona have so far limited the observational data used in the study of solar physics to remote-sensing observations taken either from the ground or from space. In contrast, the `solar wind laboratory' is directly measured in situ by a fleet of spacecraft measuring the properties of the plasma and magnetic fields at specific points in space. Since 2007, the solar-terrestrial relations observatory (STEREO) has been providing images of the solar wind that flows between the solar corona and spacecraft making in-situ measurements. This has allowed scientists to directly connect processes imaged near the Sun with the subsequent effects measured in the solar wind. This new capability prompted the development of a series of tools and techniques to track heliospheric structures through space. This article presents one of these tools, a web-based interface called the 'Propagation Tool' that offers an integrated research environment to study the evolution of coronal and solar wind structures, such as Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs), Corotating Interaction Regions (CIRs) and Solar Energetic Particles (SEPs). These structures can be propagated from the Sun outwards to or alternatively inwards from planets and spacecraft situated in the inner and outer heliosphere. In this paper, we present the global architecture of the tool, discuss some of the assumptions made to simulate the evolution of the structures and show how the tool connects to different databases.
description: 22 pages, 10 figures, submitted to Planetary and Space Science
The nanoprodrug of polytemozolomide combines with MGMT siRNA to enhance the effect of temozolomide in glioma
Creators: name: Xu, Haoyue
name: Zhang, Yongkang
name: Li, Linfeng
name: Ren, Yanhong
name: Qian, Feng
name: Wang, Lansheng
name: Ma, Hongwei
name: Quan, Ankang
name: Liu, Hongmei
name: Yu, Rutong
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: Virology

description: Temozolomide (TMZ) is a conventional chemotherapeutic drug for glioma, however, its clinical application and efficacy is severely restricted by its drug resistance properties. O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) is a DNA repair enzyme, which can repair the DNA damage caused by TMZ. A large number of clinical data show that reducing the expression of MGMT can enhance the chemotherapeutic efficacy of TMZ. Therefore, in order to improve the resistance of glioma to TMZ, an angiopep-2 (A2) modified nanoprodrug of polytemozolomide (P(TMZ)n) that combines with MGMT siRNA (siMGMT) targeting MGMT was developed (A2/T/D/siMGMT). It not only increased the amount of TMZ within tumor lesion site, but also reduced MGMT expression in glioma. The in vitro experiments indicated that the A2/T/D/siMGMT effectively enhanced the cellular uptake of TMZ and siMGMT, and resulted in a significant cell apoptosis and cytotoxicity in the glioma cells. The in vivo experiments showed that glioma growth was inhibited and the survival time of animals were prolonged remarkably after A2/T/D/siMGMT was injected via tail vein. The results showed that the therapeutic effect of A2/T/D/siMGMT in the treatment of glioma was significantly improved.
Additional file 3: of A multiplex one-tube nested real time RT-PCR assay for simultaneous detection of respiratory syncytial virus, human rhinovirus and human metapneumovirus
Creators: name: Feng, Zhi-shan
name: Zhao, Li
name: Wang, Ji
name: Qiu, Fang-zhou
name: Zhao, Meng-chuan
name: Wang, Le
name: Duan, Su-xia
name: Zhang, Rui-qing
name: Chen, Chen
name: Qi, Ju-Ju
name: Fan, Tao
name: Li, Gui-xia
name: Ma, Xue-jun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: The sequence results of HMPV. (DOC 212 kb)
Standing on the shoulders of Dwarfs: the $Kepler$ asteroseismic LEGACY sample I - oscillation mode parameters
Creators: name: Lund, Mikkel N.
name: Aguirre, Víctor Silva
name: Davies, Guy R.
name: Chaplin, William J.
name: Christensen-Dalsgaard, Jørgen
name: Houdek, Günter
name: White, Timothy R.
name: Bedding, Timothy R.
name: Ball, Warrick H.
name: Huber, Daniel
name: Antia, H. M.
name: Lebreton, Yveline
name: Latham, David W.
name: Handberg, Rasmus
name: Verma, Kuldeep
name: Basu, Sarbani
name: Casagrande, Luca
name: Justesen, Anders B.
name: Kjeldsen, Hans
name: Mosumgaard, Jakob R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The advent of space-based missions like $Kepler$ has revolutionized the study of solar-type stars, particularly through the measurement and modeling of their resonant modes of oscillation. Here we analyze a sample of 66 $Kepler$ main-sequence stars showing solar-like oscillations as part of the $Kepler$ seismic LEGACY project. We use $Kepler$ short-cadence data, of which each star has at least 12 months, to create frequency power spectra optimized for asteroseismology. For each star we identify its modes of oscillation and extract parameters such as frequency, amplitude, and line width using a Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo `peak-bagging' approach. We report the extracted mode parameters for all 66 stars, as well as derived quantities such as frequency difference ratios, the large and small separations $Δν$ and $δν_{02}$; the behavior of line widths with frequency and line widths at $ν_{\rm max}$ with $T_{\rm eff}$, for which we derive parametrizations; and behavior of mode visibilities. These average properties can be applied in future peak-bagging exercises to better constrain the parameters of the stellar oscillation spectra. The frequencies and frequency ratios can tightly constrain the fundamental parameters of these solar-type stars, and mode line widths and amplitudes can test models of mode damping and excitation.
description: 29 pages, 27 Figures, 8 Tables, Accepted for publication in Apj
Molecular modeling, docking and dynamic simulations of growth hormone receptor (GHR) of Labeo rohita
Creators: name: Dhandare, Bhushan C.
name: Rather, Mohd Ashraf
name: Bhosale, B. P.
name: Pawar, Ravindra
name: Guttula, Praveen Kumar
name: Pagarkar, A.U
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: Computational Biology

description: Growth hormones (GH) have diverse functions like growth promotion, metabolism, appetite, reproduction and social behavior in vertebrates, which is mediated through the growth hormone receptor (GHR). This work was aimed to analyze structural features, homology modeling and molecular docking of Labeo rohita GHR protein. A physicochemical characteristic, like molecular weight was 67.2 kDa and hydropathicity was 0.336. Protein modeling and structure confirmation of L. rohita GHR protein showed 92.7% residues are in the favored region. Selection of ligands and molecular docking shown Melengestrol and Riboflavin ligand showed uppermost binding energy values −7.8 and −7.3 kcal/mol. Molecular interactions describe conventional hydrogen bonding of Melengestrol was observed with VAL94, GLU97, GLU95, TRP57, PHE33, THR34, PRO35, ASP36, PRO37, ARG49, GLY292, LYS291, ILE290, ALA287, LYS289 residues. Riboflavin hydrogen bonds interaction was at PRO37, ASP36, PRO35, THR34, ARG49, SER144, VAL443, GLN442, PRO284, ASP294, ILE285, PRO286, SER408, ALA287, GLY292, LYS291, ILE290, PRO288, LYS287. Molecular dynamics simulation outcomes revealed that complex 2 (Riboflavin and GHR protein) is better than complex1 (Melengestrol and GHR protein). Overall, the results of the present work lead identification of novel molecules that may be agonistic of growth hormone receptor protein and can be used to surge growth in fish. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma
Towards the non-enzymatic dynamic kinetic resolution of alcohols
Creators: name: Heckenast, Zsofia Katalin
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2016

description: This thesis describes approaches towards the development of a non-enzymatic acylative dynamic kinetic resolution of alcohols, both in a one-pot fashion and also via membrane-enhanced processes. Dynamic kinetic resolution (DKR) is a desirable process that if achieved would greatly increase yields of enantioenriched compounds compared to kinetic resolution (KR). The first chapter discusses the large scale synthesis of two key 4-DMAP based catalysts developed in the Spivey group for use in acylative alcohol and amine KR: one based on a 4-(di-n-butylamino)pyridine core (‘DBAP*’) and one based on a 5-azaindoline core (‘5-Azy*’). Initial steps towards the syntheses of both catalysts were performed on large scales, and a successful classical resolution procedure was developed by our collaborators at Eli Lilly for the HPLC-free resolution of DBAP*. The carbamylative KR of phenylalanine methyl ester was investigated, and while conditions whereby the background reaction was minimised were found, the selectivity achieved with the 5-Azy* catalyst was too small (<7) to be developed into a DKR. Further studies into the development of a room-temperature alcohol KR were successful, and moderate selectivity was achieved with DBAP* and an acyl donor compatible with a racemisation catalyst for the KR of 1-(1-naphthyl)ethanol. The focus of the second half of this thesis is the development of the room-temperature KR into a DKR process. Our initial efforts into developing a one-pot process were hampered by deactivation of DBAP* by the ruthenium-based racemisation catalyst, as well as side-reactions occurring during decomposition of the acyl donor. Nevertheless, good ee and yield were achieved for the DKR of 1-(1-naphthyl)ethanol using a batch-wise addition process. The viability of a membrane-enhanced process for the DKR was investigated, whereby the two catalytic systems were separated into chambers by nanofiltration membranes. During these studies a MEDKR rig was constructed and tested, showing good initial results, with the promise of improved performance once membrane properties are optimised. Finally, we discuss the possibility that adding small quantities of a tertiary alcohol into an acylative alcohol KR can significantly increase the selectivity in these reactions, with a 100% increase in selectivity to s >100 displayed by optimal substrates in our systems.
Additional file 2: of Disease evolution in mixed connective tissue disease: results from a long-term nationwide prospective cohort study
Creators: name: Reiseter, Silje
name: Gunnarsson, Ragnar
name: Corander, Jukka
name: Haydon, Joanna
name: Lund, May
name: AalĂ¸Kken, Trond
name: Taraldsrud, Eli
name: Hetlevik, Siri
name: ĂYvind Molberg
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Auto-antibodies at time point 2 in 118 patients with MCTD. (PDF 154Â kb)
Supplementary document for High-Power Two-Color Kerr Frequency Comb Generation on Gallium Phosphide-on-Insulator Platform at SWIR and MIR Spectra - 6471765.pdf
Creators: name: Ji, Houling
name: Geng, Zhaoting
name: Chen, Weiren
name: Wu, Pengzhuo
name: Yu, ZhuoYu
name: Liu, Yihan
name: Yu, Xiaolun
name: Li, Yi
name: Zhao, Qiancheng
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: supplementary document
Co-delivery of amphotericin B and pentamidine loaded niosomal gel for the treatment of Cutaneous leishmaniasis
Creators: name: Anjum, Adnan
name: Shabbir, Kanwal
name: Din, Fakhar Ud
name: Shafique, Shumaila
name: Zaidi, Syed Saoud
name: Almari, Ali H
name: Alqahtani, Taha
name: Maryiam, Aleena
name: Khan, Muhammad Moneeb
name: Al Fatease, Adel
name: Bashir, Sidra
name: Khan, Gul Majid
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer

description: Topical drug delivery is preferable route over systemic delivery in case of Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL). Among the available agents, amphotericin B (AmB) and pentamidine (PTM) showed promising result against CL. However, monotherapy is associated with incidences of reoccurrence and resistance. Combination therapy is therefore recommended. Thin film hydration method was employed for amphotericin B-pentamidine loaded niosomes (AmB-PTM-NIO) preparation followed by their incorporation into chitosan gel. The optimization of AmB-PTM-NIO was done via Box Behnken Design method and in vitro and ex vivo analysis was performed. The optimized formulation indicated 226 nm particle size (PS) with spherical morphology, 0.173 polydispersity index (PDI), −36 mV zeta potential (ZP) and with entrapment efficiency (EE) of 91% (AmB) and 79% (PTM), respectively. The amphotericin B-pentamidine loaded niosomal gel (AmB-PTM-NIO-Gel) showed desirable characteristics including physicochemical properties, pH (5.1 ± 0.15), viscosity (31870 ± 25 cP), and gel spreadability (280 ± 26.46%). In vitro release of the AmB and PTM from AmB-PTM-NIO and AmB-PTM-NIO-Gel showed more prolonged release behavior as compared to their respective drug solution. Higher skin penetration, greater percentage inhibition and lower IC50 against the promastigotes shows that AmB-PTM-NIO has better antileishmanial activity. The obtained findings suggested that the developed AmB-PTM-NIO-Gel has excellent capability of permeation via skin layers, sustained release profile and augmented anti-leishmanial outcome of the incorporated drugs.
title: ADCO, Neuvième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (1661 - 1684), Cart. 32 (G 136), 745 folios, f. 0148
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Petot, Frédéric
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CG21/F.PETOT/2012
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge
subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris
subject: cartulaire

description: Neuvième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (1661 - 1684), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 32 (G 136), 745 folios, f. 0148, Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Neuvième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (1661 - 1684), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 32 (G 136), 745 folios, f. 0148, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https:// manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: abbaye Saint-Étienne de Dijon
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q15945019
Towards novel cancer therapeutics: development of programmable, synthetic DNA polymers to inhibit tubulin polymerization
Creators: name: Sotiriadis, Elsa
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2017

description: Paclitaxel (Taxol®) is a microtubule stabilizer and an effective chemotherapeutic. Yet, it suffers from limitations, which oligonucleotide therapeutics might be able to address. Tubulin is a dimeric protein comprising α/β subunits which assemble into microtubules. It is a prominent cancer drug target and essential for to cell growth, division and stability, intracellular transport and cell cycle regulation. Paclitaxel's potent mechanism of action leads to hyper-stabilization of microtubules and ultimately, apoptosis. But emerging resistance, undesirable properties as well as its environmentally destructive extraction, scarcity and astronomical price pose severe risks to it’s therapeutic success and highlight the pressing need for alternatives. Aptamers are versatile biological polymers made from nucleic acids, which fold into three-dimensional structures and can bind a broad range of targets, with affinity and specificity that rivals antibodies, while offering compelling advantages. Aptamers are versatile ‘chemical antibodies’ which can be synthesized and modified cost- effectively and rapidly in large quantities, are chemically benign and non- immunogenic. They are typically generated from a random pool of sequences by an iterative enrichment, called in vitro selection (SELEX) and have already found clinical success. In the motivation to overcome the under-addressed hurdles of chemotherapeutics, aptamers are explored as novel anti-mitotic agents. In this work, a population of previously published tubulin-binding aptamers with affinities in the low micromolar range are evaluated in in vitro drug discovery screening for the first time and a comprehensive analysis framework is developed for the rapid and robust characterization of nucleic acids as drug-like molecules. In vitro selection of more tightly-binding aptamers and a range of post-selection modification strategies are pursued. This involves development of a rapid prototyping template and a ligand-responsive anti-tubulin chimera. Furthermore, a novel polymeric miniature microtubule target is fabricated to facilitate epitope-specific selection of Paclitaxel-like binders.
3D Object Reconstruction from Hand-Object Interactions
Creators: name: Tzionas, Dimitrios
name: Gall, Juergen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recent advances have enabled 3d object reconstruction approaches using a single off-the-shelf RGB-D camera. Although these approaches are successful for a wide range of object classes, they rely on stable and distinctive geometric or texture features. Many objects like mechanical parts, toys, household or decorative articles, however, are textureless and characterized by minimalistic shapes that are simple and symmetric. Existing in-hand scanning systems and 3d reconstruction techniques fail for such symmetric objects in the absence of highly distinctive features. In this work, we show that extracting 3d hand motion for in-hand scanning effectively facilitates the reconstruction of even featureless and highly symmetric objects and we present an approach that fuses the rich additional information of hands into a 3d reconstruction pipeline, significantly contributing to the state-of-the-art of in-hand scanning.
description: International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV) 2015, http://files.is.tue.mpg.de/dtzionas/In-Hand-Scanning
Additional file 1: of Disease evolution in mixed connective tissue disease: results from a long-term nationwide prospective cohort study
Creators: name: Reiseter, Silje
name: Gunnarsson, Ragnar
name: Corander, Jukka
name: Haydon, Joanna
name: Lund, May
name: AalĂ¸Kken, Trond
name: Taraldsrud, Eli
name: Hetlevik, Siri
name: ĂYvind Molberg
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Clinical and laboratory features in the patients evolving from MCTD to another specific rheumatic condition. (PDF 157Â kb)
Influence of the Galactic gravitational field on the positional accuracy of extragalactic sources
Creators: name: Larchenkova, T.
name: Lutovinov, A.
name: Lyskova, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the influence of random variations of the Galactic gravitational field on the apparent celestial positions of extragalactic sources. The basic statistical characteristics of a stochastic process (first-order moments, an autocorrelation function and a power spectral density) are used to describe a light ray deflection in a gravitational field of randomly moving point masses as a function of the source coordinates. We map a 2D distribution of the standard deviation of the angular shifts in positions of distant sources (including reference sources of the International Celestial Reference Frame) with respect to their true positions. For different Galactic matter distributions the standard deviation of the offset angle can reach several tens of $μas$ (microarcsecond) toward the Galactic center, decreasing down to 4-6 $μas$ at high galactic latitudes. The conditional standard deviation (`jitter') of 2.5 $μas$ is reached within 10 years at high galactic latitudes and within a few months toward the inner part of the Galaxy. The photometric microlensing events are not expected to be disturbed by astrometric random variations anywhere except the inner part of the Galaxy as the Einstein--Chvolson times are typically much shorter than the jittering timescale. While a jitter of a single reference source can be up to dozens of $μas$ over some reasonable observational time, using a sample of reference sources would reduce the error in relative astrometry. The obtained results can be used for estimating the physical upper limits on the time-dependent accuracy of astrometric measurements.
description: 11 pages, 10 figures
Additional file 1 of Severity-associated markers and assessment model for predicting the severity of COVID-19: a retrospective study in Hangzhou, China
Creators: name: Qi, Jianjiang
name: He, Di
name: Yang, Dagan
name: Wang, Mengyan
name: Ma, Wenjun
name: Cui, Huaizhong
name: Ye, Fei
name: Wang, Fei
name: Xu, Jinjian
name: Li, Zhijian
name: Liu, Chuntao
name: Wu, Jing
name: Qi, Kexin
name: Wu, Rui
name: Huang, Jinsong
name: Liu, Shourong
name: Zhu, Yimin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Associations of continuous laboratory markers with the severity of COVID-19 in the training set. Table S2. Remaining frequency of the 16 markers in 1000 LASSO regression models. Table S3. Associations of the selected eight markers with the severity of COVID-19 in the external validation set.
Blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier opening by modified single pulse transcranial focused shockwave
Creators: name: Kung, Yi
name: Wu, Chueh-Hung
name: Lin, Meng-Ting
name: Liao, Wei-Hao
name: Chen, Wen-Shiang
name: Hsiao, Ming-Yen
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Space Science
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Transcranial focused shockwave (FSW) is a novel noninvasive brain stimulation that can open blood-brain barriers (BBB) and blood-cerebrospinal fluid barriers (BCSFB) with a single low-energy (energy flux density 0.03 mJ/mm2) pulse and low-dose microbubbles (2 × 106/kg). Similar to focused ultrasound, FSW deliver highly precise stimulation of discrete brain regions with adjustable focal lengths that essentially covers the whole brain. By opening the BCSFB, it allows for rapid widespread drug delivery to the whole brain by cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) circulation. Although no definite adverse effect or permeant injury was noted in our previous study, microscopic hemorrhage was infrequently observed. Safety concerns remain the major obstacle to further application of FSW in brain. To enhance its applicability, a modified single pulse FSW technique was established that present 100% opening rate but much less risk of adverse effect than previous methods. By moving the targeting area 2.5 mm more superficially on the left lateral ventricle as compared with the previous methods, the microscopic hemorrhage rate was reduced to zero. We systemically examine the safety profiles of the modified FSW-BCSFB opening regarding abnormal behavior and brain injury or hemorrhage 72 hr after 0, 1, and 10 pulses of FSW-treatment. Animal behavior, physiological monitor, and brain MRI were examined and recorded. Brain section histology was examined for hemorrhage, apoptosis, inflammation, oxidative stress related immunohistochemistry and biomarkers. The single pulse FSW group demonstrated no mortality or gross/microscopic hemorrhage (N = 30), and no observable changes in all examined outcomes, while 10 pulses of FSW was found to be associated with microscopic and temporary RBC extravasation (N = 6/30), and abnormal immunohistochemistry biomarkers which showed a trend of recovery at 72 hrs. The results suggest that single pulse low-energy FSW-BCSFB opening is effective, safe and poses minimal risk of injury to brain tissue (Sprague Dawley, SD rats).
Proof of concept for an ultrasensitive meta-device to detect and localize nonlinear elastic sources
Creators: name: Miniaci, Marco
name: Gliozzi, Antonio S.
name: Morvan, Bruno
name: Krushynska, Anastasiia
name: Bosia, Federico
name: Scalerandi, Marco
name: Pugno, Nicola M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The appearance of nonlinear effects in elastic wave propagation is one of the most reliable and sensitive indicators of the onset of material damage. However, these effects are usually very small and can be detected only using cumbersome digital signal processing techniques. Here, we propose and experimentally validate an alternative approach, using the filtering and focusing properties of elastic metamaterials to naturally select the higher harmonics generated by nonlinear effects and to increase their signal-to noise ratios, enabling the realization of time-reversal procedures for nonlinear elastic source detection. The proposed device demonstrates its potential as an efficient, compact, portable, passive apparatus for nonlinear elastic wave sensing and damage detection.
description: 5 figures
The wider economic benefits of transportation
Creators: name: Pogonyi, Csaba Gabor
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2019

description: The overarching theme of this dissertation is how public transportation impacts the local econ- omy and the wellbeing of society. I concentrate on the wider economic benefits of transportation to provide precise and causal evidence on how large-scale metro projects impact firm location, employment, productivity and women’s feeling of safety. I use spatially disaggregate panel microdata to understand the local impact of metro openings. Developing robust identification strategies and employing panel instrumental variable methodologies ensure the causality of re- sults. There are three empirical investigations in this thesis: the first estimates the impact of the 1999 Jubilee Line Extension on the spatial distribution of firms and employment in Lon- don, and finds empirical evidence for the existence of urban displacement. The second estimates the impact of the same metro opening on firm productivity and develops a project appraisal methodology for the calculation of agglomeration benefits. The estimation finds that within 750 meters to new stations aggregate value added, mean firm productivity and the number of local business units increased. However, areas between 1250 and 2000 meters experienced a decrease in the number of local units but mean firm productivity did not change, leading to decreasing aggregate value added. The third chapter tests the hypothesis that transport con- nectivity improves perceptions of safety for women by investigating whether metro openings in 2018 increased the safety feeling of women around stations in Delhi, India. The analysis finds that the feeling of safety significantly increased within 500 meters to stations. High levels of safety increase women’s freedom of movement, which is a major step in integrating women to the labour force, and these benefits may be separately included in transport project appraisal.
Triptorelin nanoparticle-loaded microneedles for use in assisted reproductive technology
Creators: name: Lu, Xiaoyan
name: Sun, Yiying
name: Han, Meishan
name: Chen, Daoyuan
name: He, Xiaoyan
name: Wang, Siqi
name: Sun, Kaoxiang
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biophysics
Space Science
Medicine
Pharmacology
Biotechnology
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Mental Health

description: Triptorelin is a first-line drug for assisted reproductive technology (ART), but the low bioavailability and frequent subcutaneous injection of triptorelin impair the quality of life of women preparing to become pregnant. We report silk fibroin (SF)-based microneedles (MNs) for transdermal delivery of triptorelin-loaded nanoparticles (NPs) to improve bioavailability and achieve safe and efficacious self-administration of triptorelin. Triptorelin was mixed into an aqueous solution of SF with shear force to prepare NPs to control the release and avoid the degradation of triptorelin by enzymes in the skin. Two-step pouring and centrifugation were employed to prepare nanoparticles-encapsulated polymeric microneedles (NPs-MNs). An increased β-sheet content in the conformation ensured that NPs-MNs had good mechanical properties to pierce the stratum corneum. Transdermal release of triptorelin from NPs-MNs was increased to ∼65%. The NPs-MNs exhibited a prolonged drug half-life and increased relative bioavailability after administration to rats. Surging levels of luteinizing hormone and estradiol in plasma and their subsequent prolonged downregulation indicate the potential therapeutic role of NPs-MNs in ART regimens. The triptorelin-loaded NPs-MNs developed in this study may reduce the physical and psychological burden of pregnant women using ART regimens.
Additional file 3: Table S1. of Methylation patterns in serum DNA for early identification of disseminated breast cancer
Creators: name: Widschwendter, Martin
name: Evans, Iona
name: Jones, Allison
name: Shohreh Ghazali
name: Reisel, Daniel
name: Ryan, Andy
name: Gentry-Maharaj, Aleksandra
name: Zikan, Michal
name: Cibula, David
name: Eichner, Johannes
name: Alunni-Fabbroni, Marianna
name: Koch, Julian
name: Janni, Wolfgang
name: Paprotka, Tobias
name: Wittenberger, Timo
name: Menon, Usha
name: Wahl, Benjamin
name: Rack, Brigitte
name: LempiĂ¤Inen, Harri
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology

description: Coordinates and primers used to amplify the identified target regions using bisulfite sequencing. (PDF 578 kb)
Coulomb Blockade in Fractional Topological Superconductors
Creators: name: Kim, Younghyun
name: Clarke, David J.
name: Lutchyn, Roman M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study charge transport through a floating mesoscopic superconductor coupled to counterpropagating fractional quantum Hall edges at filling fraction $ν=2/3$. We consider a superconducting island with finite charging energy and investigate its effect on transport through the device. We calculate conductance through such a system as a function of temperature and gate voltage applied to the superconducting island. We show that transport is strongly affected by the presence of parafermionic zero modes, leading at zero temperature to a zero-bias conductance quantized in units of $νe^2/h$ independent of the applied gate voltage.
Distributed hypothesis testing under privacy constraints
Creators: name: Sreekumar, Sreejith
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2019

description: Hypothesis Testing (HT) is one of the central topics of study in statistics. Traditionally, it is assumed that the data on which the hypothesis test is to be performed is available unaltered to the decision maker or detector that performs the hypothesis test. However, this is seldom observed in practice, and often the data is observed remotely, and needs to be communicated to the detector over a noisy communication channel, such as a wired or a wireless communication network. The performance of a hypothesis test obviously depends on how accurately the observed data is communicated to the detector, i.e., less distortion of the data implies better performance. However, in many situations less distortion also implies reduced privacy (security) for the observer as there is the threat of leaking sensitive information to the detector (external eavesdropper). The privacy (security) threat is increasingly becoming an important concern due to the availability of affordable large scale computing resources. In this dissertation, we study HT in a distributed setting, in which the data is observed at a remote node, referred to as observer, and communicated over a noisy channel to the detector, which has access to its own correlated side-information. Considering a hypothesis test on the joint distribution of the observer’s data and detector’s side information, we first study the optimal trade-off between the type I and type II error-exponents, i.e., the trade-off between the asymptotic exponential rate of decay of the type I and type II error probabilities with respect to the number of observed data samples, and establish single-letter inner bounds on this trade-off. Of special interest is the asymmetric case of characterizing the optimal type II error-exponent for a fixed non-zero constraint on the type I error probability, for which we obtain exact single-letter characterization in some special cases. We also investigate the aspects of data privacy in the above setting with a rate-limited noiseless channel by exploring the trade-off between rate, type II error-exponent and privacy. Finally, considering an eavesdropper with access to correlated side-information, we study the trade-off between rate, type II error-exponent and security when the detector and eavesdropper are connected to the observer via a noisy broadcast channel.
Additional file 1 of Recombinant annexin A2 inhibits peripheral leukocyte activation and brain infiltration after traumatic brain injury
Creators: name: Liu, Ning
name: Han, Jinrui
name: Li, Yadan
name: Jiang, Yinghua
name: Shi, Samuel X.
name: Lok, Josephine
name: Whalen, Michael
name: Dumont, Aaron S.
name: Wang, Xiaoying
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Supplemental Figure 1. Plasma concentration of Annexin A2. The plasma concentrations of Annexin A2 in C57BL/6 mice after single i.p. injection of rA2 (1 mg/kg) were measured using ELISA at 0 h, 2 h, 6 h, 12 h, 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h post-injection (i.p.). The concentrations are expressed as micrograms of Annexin A2 per milligram of the plasma. n = 3 mice for each time point. Data are expressed as mean ± SEM.
Additional file 2: of Methylation patterns in serum DNA for early identification of disseminated breast cancer
Creators: name: Widschwendter, Martin
name: Evans, Iona
name: Jones, Allison
name: Shohreh Ghazali
name: Reisel, Daniel
name: Ryan, Andy
name: Gentry-Maharaj, Aleksandra
name: Zikan, Michal
name: Cibula, David
name: Eichner, Johannes
name: Alunni-Fabbroni, Marianna
name: Koch, Julian
name: Janni, Wolfgang
name: Paprotka, Tobias
name: Wittenberger, Timo
name: Menon, Usha
name: Wahl, Benjamin
name: Rack, Brigitte
name: LempiĂ¤Inen, Harri
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Supplementary Material and Methods: Additional details of samples sets, methods and analyses. (PDF 279 kb)
Theory and models of biodiversity in fragmented landscapes
Creators: name: Thompson, Samuel Enrico Dale
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2019

description: Ecology is facing a challenging time. The pressures from an expanding human population is resulting in a global decline in biodiversity. What remains is confined to fragmented patches of habitat broken by urbanisation, agriculture and industry. To understand biodiversity in our natural world, our ecological theories of fragmentation must be more complete and our models more accurate. Recent technological advances have enabled a broad array of new methods which ecologists can employ. In this thesis, I will explore one branch of ecological modelling -- neutral theory -- to study patterns of biodiversity in fragmented landscapes. I will present my new packages for simulating spatially explicit neutral dynamics, a powerful tool for studying fragmentation. I will then demonstrate how my models can be applied in three broad areas: theoretical ecology, tropical ecology and palaeoecology. My theoretical investigations will explore habitat fragmentation in hypothetical scenarios, revealing important links between habitat structure and biodiversity outcomes. These links will be demonstrated using an analytical approach for estimating species loss from habitat loss. Using these findings, I will provide a neutral perspective for two ongoing debates surrounding fragmentation and reserve design in ecology. In my final two studies, I will apply neutral models to two real and disparate systems. Firstly, I will test neutral theory with reference to tropical tree diversity in Panama. My simulations will highlight the current limitations of neutral theory and in our understanding of biodiversity generation. In my second scenario, I will use neutral models to test theories of early tetrapod diversity during a time of worldwide rainforest fragmentation. Beyond this single example, I will signal the broader potential neutral theory has for addressing palaeoecological questions.
Design of dipicolinic acid derivatives as New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase-1 inhibitors using a combined computational approach
Creators: name: Wang, Xiyan
name: Gao, Yawen
name: Yu, Yiding
name: Yang, Yanan
name: Wang, Guizhen
name: Sun, Lin
name: Niu, Xiaodi
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Hematology
subject: Virology

description: New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase (NDM-1) is the most recent addition to the class of metallo-β-lactamases (MBLs). This enzyme leads to antibiotic resistance in clinical treatments owing to its exertion of hydrolysis activity in almost all clinically available β-lactam antibiotics. Consequently, inhibitors targeting NDM-1 have attracted considerable research attention. However, progress has been slow regarding the study of the quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) of NDM-1 inhibitors. In this study, a three-dimensional QSAR (3 D-QSAR) for NDM-1 inhibitors was established using Topomer CoMFA. The multiple correlation coefficients of the fitting model, leave-one-out cross validation, and external validation were found to be 0.761, 0.976, and 0.972, respectively. Topomer Search was used to design 16 new molecules that inhibit NDM-1 using R-group search from ZINC databases, 10 of which had comparatively high activities against NDM-1. The results indicate that Topomer CoMFA and Topomer Search can be used to design new NDM-1 inhibitors and guide the design of new NDM-1 drugs with good predictive capability. Furthermore, from molecular modeling and binding free-energy calculation, it was found that the newly designed molecules can bind to the catalytic region of NDM-1. Additionally, the newly designed inhibitors formed strong interactions with Ile35, Met67, Phe70, Trp93, His122, His189, Cys208, and His250 around the Zn2+-centered active region of NDM-1. These findings will facilitate the development of more effective NDM-1 inhibitors for use as potential antibacterial agents. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma
Unified Models of the QCD Axion and Supersymmetry Breaking
Creators: name: Harigaya, Keisuke
name: Leedom, Jacob
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Similarities between the gauge meditation of supersymmetry breaking and the QCD axion model suggest that they originate from the same dynamics. We present a class of models where supersymmetry and the Peccei-Quinn symmetry are simultaneously broken. The messengers that mediate the effects of these symmetry breakings to the Standard Model are identical. Since the axion resides in the supersymmetry breaking sector, the saxion and the axino are heavy. We show constraints on the axion decay constant and the gravitino mass.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures
Studies of magnetised and non-local transport in laser-plasma interactions
Creators: name: Watkins, Henry Charles
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2019

description: The application of magnetic fields in inertial fusion experiments has led to renewed interest in fully understanding magnetised transport in laser-plasma regimes. This motivated the development of a new laser magnetohydrodynamic code PARAMAGNET, written to support investigations into classical magnetised transport phenomena and laser propagation in a plasma. This code was used to simulate laser-underdense plasma interactions such as the pre-heat stage of magneto-inertial fusion. Alongside these simulations, this thesis will present analytic focusing and filamentation models derived from magnetohydrodynamics extended with classical magnetised transport coefficients. These results showed the focal length and filamentation growth length shortened with magnetisation, a result of the magnetisation of the thermal conductivity. Further investigation of the transport properties using the diffusion approximation kinetic code IMPACT showed significant deviation of the growth rate at intermediate values of magnetisation and non-locality, inexplicable using fluid models. The kinetic code result motivated exploring the influence of the high-order anisotropies of the distribution function (in terms of spherical harmonics), ignored in conventional approximations. By using a recursive matrix inverse method, corrections to the transport coefficients including all orders of the electron distribution expansion were found. Analysis of the conductivity, resistivity and thermoelectric coefficients showed deviation by up to 50% from the classical form at intermediate magnetisation and nonlocality. The diffusive approximation of the IMPACT simulations was insufficient to capture the transport behaviour present in the theoretical high order calculation. Modern inertial fusion experiments work in regimes that are non-local and susceptible to significant focusing exacerbated by magnetisation. The resulting filamentation has detrimental implications to laser absorption and the modified non-local transport behaviour is a possible source of error in simulations. The complex interplay between non-locality and magnetisation in transport suggests using more terms of the spherical harmonic expansion in closures of plasma equations. Particular consideration is given to the implications to inertial fusion experiments. Together these results suggest the necessity of including non-local magnetised transport in the modelling of high-energy-density laser plasma experiments.