cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
EXCHANGE RATE RISK, DOLLAR APPRECIATION, AND U.S. EXPORT CREDIT PROGRAMS
Creators: name: Baxter, Timothy M.
name: Smith, Mark E.
name: Baxter, Timothy M.
name: Smith, Mark E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1987
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: Export credit programs
subject: exchange rate guarantee programs
subject: the GSM-102 program
subject: GSM-102 trade
subject: exchange rate risk

description: Exchange rates clearly influence U.S. agricultural exports. One particular area of concern is the influence of exchange rate risk and dollar appreciation on the Commodity Credit Corporation's (CCC) export credit guarantee programs. This report examines whether it would be worthwhile to institute an exchange rate guarantee program covering credit repayments under the CCC's export credit programs. Using the GSM-102 program experience during fiscal years 1980-85 as a guide, the evidence suggests that an exchange guarantee program probably should not be adopted.
Hexagonal Boron Nitride Phononic Crystal Waveguides
Creators: name: Wang, Yanan
name: Lee, Jaesung
name: Zheng, Xu-Qian
name: Xie, Yong
name: Feng, Philip X. -L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN), one of the hallmark van der Waals (vdW) layered crystals with an ensemble of attractive physical properties, is playing increasingly important roles in exploring two-dimensional (2D) electronics, photonics, mechanics, and emerging quantum engineering. Here, we report on the demonstration of h-BN phononic crystal waveguides with designed pass and stop bands in the radio frequency (RF) range and controllable wave propagation and transmission, by harnessing arrays of coupled h-BN nanomechanical resonators with engineerable coupling strength. Experimental measurements validate that these phononic crystal waveguides confine and support 15 to 24 megahertz (MHz) wave propagation over 1.2 millimeters. Analogous to solid-state atomic crystal lattices, phononic bandgaps and dispersive behaviors have been observed and systematically investigated in the h-BN phononic waveguides. Guiding and manipulating acoustic waves on such additively integratable h-BN platform may facilitate multiphysical coupling and information transduction, and open up new opportunities for coherent on-chip signal processing and communication via emerging h-BN photonic and phononic devices.
description: 13 Pages, 6 Figures, 14 Pages of Supplementary Information
The FRED Event Display: an Extensible HepRep Client for GLAST
Creators: name: Frailis, Marco
name: Giannitrapani, Riccardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.3.2,I.3.3,I.3.7

description: A new graphics client prototype for the HepRep protocol is presented. Based on modern toolkits and high level languages (C++ and Ruby), Fred is an experiment to test applicability of scripting facilities to the high energy physics event display domain. Its flexible structure, extensibility and the use of the HepRep protocol are key features for its use in the astroparticle experiment GLAST.
description: Talk from the 2003 Computing in High Energy and Nuclear Physics (CHEP03), La Jolla, Ca, USA, March 2003, 5 pages, LaTeX, 3 eps figures. PSN MOLT010
Stochastic many-body perturbation theory for Moiré states in twisted bilayer phosphorene
Creators: name: Brooks, Jacob
name: Weng, Guorong
name: Taylor, Stephanie
name: Vlcek, Vojtech
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new implementation of stochastic many-body perturbation theory for periodic 2D systems is presented. The method is used to compute quasiparticle excitations in twisted bilayer phosphorene. Excitation energies are studied using stochastic $G_0W_0$ and partially self-consistent $\bar ΔGW_0$ approaches. The approach is inexpensive; it is used to study twisted systems with unit cells containing $>2,700$ atoms ($>13,500$ valence electrons), which corresponds to a minimum twisting angle of $\approx 3.1^\circ$. Twisted bilayers exhibit band splitting, increased localization and formation of localized Moiré impurity states, as documented by band-structure unfolding. Structural changes in twisted structures lift band degeneracies. Energies of the impurity states vary with the twisting angle due to an interplay between non-local exchange and polarization effects. The mechanisms of quasiparticle energy (de)stabilization due to twisting are likely applicable to a wide range of low-dimensional Moiré superstructures.
description: 19 pages, 7 figures
Characterization of distillability of entanglement in terms of positive maps
Creators: name: Clarisse, Lieven
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A necessary and sufficient condition for 1-distillability is formulated in terms of decomposable positive maps. As an application we provide insight into why all states violating the reduction criterion map are distillable and demonstrate how to construct such maps in a systematic way. We establish a connection between a number of existing results, which leads to an elementary proof for the characterisation of distillability in terms of 2-positive maps.
description: 4 pages, revtex4. Published revised version, title changed, expanded discussion, main result unchanged
UBC authors and their works program, 1991-2006
Creators: name: Diers, Bailey
name: Friesen, Margaret
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Document provides an overview of the "UBC Authors and Their Works" program from 1991 to 2006. Jointly sponsored by the UBC Library and the President's Office the goal of the program was to identify and celebrate the work and contributions of UBC authors.
Signatures of Superfluidity in Dilute Fermi Gases near a Feshbach Resonance
Creators: name: Bulgac, Aurel
name: Yu, Yongle
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a brief account of the most salient properties of vortices in dilute atomic Fermi superfluids near a Feshbach resonance.
description: 6 pages, 1 figure, and jltp.cls. Several typos and a couple of inaccuracies have been corrected
RURAL GOVERNMENTS IN THE MUNICIPAL BOND MARKET
Creators: name: Palumbo, George
name: Sacks, Seymour
name: Palumbo, George
name: Sacks, Seymour
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1987
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Financial Economics
subject: Municipal bonds
subject: local government finance
subject: rural government borrowing
subject: tax-exempt securities

description: Suburban-type governments paid the lowest interest rates on long-term bonds sold in 1982, holding bond characteristics constant, while totally urban and highly rural governments paid rates roughly equal to each other. Using 1982 municipal bond sales data matched with 1980 Census of Population data, this report examines the characteristics of municipal bonds categorized according to the rural percentage of the issuing government's population. Few instances of a simple linear relationship between key bond variables and rurality were found.
Excitation of $^{229m}$Th at Inelastic Scattering of Low Energy Electrons
Creators: name: Tkalya, E. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Excitation of the anomalously low lying nuclear isomer $^{229m}$Th$(3/2^+, 8.28 \pm 0.17$ eV) in the process of inelastic electron scattering is studied theoretically in the framework of the perturbation theory for the quantum electrodynamics. The calculated cross sections of $^{229m}$Th by the extremely low energy electrons in the range 9 eV--12 eV for the Th atom and Th$^{1+,4+}$ ions lie in the range $10^{-25}$--$10^{-26}$ cm$^2$. Being so large, the cross section opens up new possibilities for the effective non-resonant excitation of $^{229m}$Th in experiments with an electron beam or electron (electric) current. This can be crucial, since the energy of the isomeric state is currently known with an accuracy insufficient for the resonant excitation by photons. In addition, the cross section of the time reversed process is also large, and as a consequence, the probability of the non-radiative $^{229m}$Th decay via the conduction electrons in metal is $\approx10^{6}$ s$^{-1}$, that is, close to the internal conversion probability in the Th atom.
description: 7 pages, 8 figures
Democrinus conifer : Gislen 1938
Creators: name: Gondim, Anne Isabelley
name: Moura, Rafael Bendayan De
name: Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Echinodermata
Crinoidea
Bourgueticrinida
Bathycrinidae
Democrinus
Democrinus conifer

description: Democrinus conifer (A.H. Clark, 1909a)
 Rhizocrinus conifer A.H. Clark, 1909a: 674.
 Bythocrinus intermedius A.H. Clark, 1915a: 205, fig. 136.—A.M. Clark 1977a: 168, 177.
 Bythocrinus conifer: A.H. Clark 1917b: 392.—H.L. Clark 1941: 7.— Moore 1967: 7, fig. 12.
 Bythocrinus robustus: A.H. Clark 1917b: 392.
 Democrinus conifer: Gislèn 1938a: 25, 27.— Meyer et al. 1978: 426.— Messing & Dearborn 1990: 5, 10 (key), 22, 28, fig. 5a– g.— Grimmer et al. 1984: 163–176. Tommasi et al. 1988a: 4, 8.— Bohn & Heinzeller 1999: 247.— Fernandes et al. 2002: 408 (list).— Herrerra-Moreno & Betancourt-Fernández 2004: 514 (table).— Tommasi 2004: 161.— Alvarado et al. 2008: 39 (list).— Pawson et al. 2009: 1187.— Oliveira et al. 2010: 2.— Alvarado 2011: 265 (table).— Benavides-Serrato et al. 2012: 31, 79–80 (two figures).— Benavides-Serrato et al. 2013: 167.—Rodríguez-Barrera & Messing 2013: 208.— Solís-Marin et al. 2013: 603 (appendix).—Herrera-Moreno 2014: 3.— Sandino et al. 2017: S293.— Bueno et al. 2018: 183–138, fig. 15.— Botero et al. 2020: 5.
 Democrinus robustus: A.H. Clark 1954: 374 (list).
 Rhizocrinus lofotensis: Tommasi 1965: 12, 13, figs. 26, 28; 1971a: 1, fig. 1.
 Type locality. Off Ceará, Brazil.
 Type material. USNM 22679 (Holotype).
 Geographic and bathymetric range. Amphi-atlantic. Western Atlantic (Bahamas, Caribbean coast from Honduras to Colombia, Antillean Arc from Cuba to the Lesser Antilles, and Brazil), and Eastern Atlantic (Josephine Bank off Portugal), at depths from 160 to 1,750 m (Moore 1967; Meyer et al. 1978; Pawson et al. 2009; Alvarado 2011; Solís-Marin et al. 2013). It possibly also occurs in shallower water from at least 119 m and beyond (Meyer et al. 1978). Meyer et al. (1978) suggested that D. brevis and D. conifer should be treated as a single taxon after a preliminary analysis of material of both species. The disjunct range of D. brevis and the continuous range of D. conifer across the W.Atlantic increase the likelihood that they are the same (C.G. Messing, personal communication; see also Meyer et al. 1978: 426).
 Brazilian localities. Pará, Maranhão, Ceará, Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, Paraná, and Santa Catarina (Meyer et al. 1978; Tommasi 1971a; Tommasi et al. 1988a; Oliveira et al. 2010; Bueno et al. 2018; IZ Database).
description: Published as part of Gondim, Anne Isabelley, Moura, Rafael Bendayan De & Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey, 2021, Catalogue of living crinoids (Echinodermata: Crinoidea) from Brazil, pp. 27-55 in Zootaxa 4995 (1) on page 37, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4995.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/5043626
title: Isolation, characterisation and some synthesis studies on insecticidal natural products from Sri Lankan plants
Creators: name: Hemalal, Kirihettiliyanage Patrick
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 1998

description: Four Sri Lankan plant species, Acronychia pedunculata (L.) Miq (Rutaceae), Pleurostylia opposita (Wall) Alston (Celastraceae), Alseodaphne semicarpifolia (Lauraceae) and Walsura piscidia Roxb. (Meliaceae) were investigated for insecticidal activity.

 Acrovestone (1), was identified as the major insecticidal principle from A. pedunculata. New reactions conditions were developed for its synthesis from isovaleraldehyde and two key intermediates, acronylin and demethylacronylin. The latter intermediate was synthesised by optimisation of a previously reported method. This is the first report of the synthesis of acrovestone and recognition of its insecticidal activity.

 A structure-activity relationship programme, based on synthetic analogues incorporating small but systematic structural changes, revealed that the number, position and size of substituents were all critical for activity. Optimum activity was associated with the presence of a single methoxy group and that only the central region was amenable to variation leading to increased activity. Recognition of the structural similarities between acrovestone and another class of insecticidal products, the kunzeins, prompted an extension of the SAR study. A series of novel ‘hybrid’ compounds incorporating structural features from both classes was synthesised and tested. In contrast to the conclusions from the systematic SAR study, this part of the study indicated that substantial variations could be tolerated in one segment of the acrovestone molecule leading to analogues with higher levels of activity than the individual parent compounds. Overall this study has demonstrated the advantage of combining a conventional SAR approach based on small but systematic structural changes with one using larger changes through synthesis of hybrid compounds from related natural products. Limited evaluation against other species indicated variation in the spectrum of activity with chemical structure.

 Previously reported insecticidal compounds of P. opposita were re-isolated and structures reassigned by means of chemical degradation and spectroscopic methods. They were identified as sesquiterpene polyol ester alkaloids, compounds 2, 3 and 4 containing a previously unknown combination of 6 ,6 β-dihydroagarofuran core with an alkaloidal firagment.

 Sesamin (5) was isolated as the insecticidal component from A. semicarpifolia. This is the first report of its isolation from the genus Alseodaphne.

 7-Deacetyl-7α-hydroxyazadirone (6) was isolated as the insecticidal component from W. piscidia. This is the first report of its insecticidal activity and its isolation from the genus Walsura.
Length-Based Attacks for Certain Group Based Encryption Rewriting Systems
Creators: name: Hughes, James
name: Tannenbaum, Allen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: E.3

description: In this note, we describe a probabilistic attack on public key cryptosystems based on the word/conjugacy problems for finitely presented groups of the type proposed recently by Anshel, Anshel and Goldfeld. In such a scheme, one makes use of the property that in the given group the word problem has a polynomial time solution, while the conjugacy problem has no known polynomial solution. An example is the braid group from topology in which the word problem is solvable in polynomial time while the only known solutions to the conjugacy problem are exponential. The attack in this paper is based on having a canonical representative of each string relative to which a length function may be computed. Hence the term length attack. Such canonical representatives are known to exist for the braid group.
EFFECTS ON THE USSR OF THE 1980 U.S. EMBARGO ON AGRICULTURAL EXPORTS
Creators: name: Zeimetz, Kathryn A.
name: Zeimetz, Kathryn A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1987
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Grain embargo
subject: USSR agricultural trade
subject: U.S. grain exports

description: The 1980 U.S. embargo on agricultural exports to the USSR had little short-term effect on the Soviet feed/livestock sector because Soviet grain stocks and grain, oilseed, and animal products from other countries were available. In the longer term, other factors in addition to the embargo—decreased Soviet grain production, a shortage of hard currency, and deteriorating terms of trade for energy exports versus agricultural imports—caused the Soviets to rethink their policy of increased dependence on grain imports. The embargo did result in an immediate and substantial reduction in the U.S. shares of the Soviet grain and oilseed markets. Uncertainties about U.S. intentions with regard to extending or renegotiating the long-term grain agreement may have further discouraged the Soviets from increasing the U.S. market shares in the 2 years after the embargo. Since then, other factors, including increased sensitivity to grain prices and increased competition among grain-exporting countries, have held U.S. shares below pre-embargo levels.
IDEAS, FACTS, AND CHOICES: THREE LECTURES ON PHILOSOPHY AND APPLIED ECONOMICS
Creators: name: Wunderlich, Gene
name: Wunderlich, Gene
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1987
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy

description: Four philosophers comment on foundations and substance of applied economics. Pitt focuses on rational decision making and stresses the importance of choice although he faults the economics model as a predictor of behavior. Buchanan argues that comparisons of whole economic systems on the basis of efficiency are doubtful if not impossible. MacLean and Mills examine the hazards of confusing normative and empirical statements about behavior. All papers provide constructive comments on the model making and testing processes of applied economics.
Short and long term near-infrared spectroscopic variability of eruptive protostars from VVV
Creators: name: Guo, Zhen
name: Lucas, P. W.
name: Peña, C. Contreras
name: Kurtev, R. G.
name: Smith, L. C.
name: Borissova, J.
name: Alonso-García, J.
name: Minniti, D.
name: Garatti, A. Caratti o
name: Froebrich, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Numerous eruptive variable young stellar objects (YSOs), mostly Class I systems, were recently detected by the near-infrared Vista Variables in the Via Lactea (VVV) survey. We present an exploratory near-infrared spectroscopic variability study of 14 eruptive YSOs. The variations were sampled over 1-day and 1 to 2-year intervals and analysed in combination with VVV light curves. CO overtone absorption features are observed on 3 objects with FUor-like spectra: all show deeper absorption when they are brighter. This implies stronger emission from the circumstellar disc with a steeper vertical temperature gradient when the accretion rate is higher. This confirms the nature of fast VVV FUor-like events, in line with the accepted picture for classical FUors. The absence of Br$γ$ emission in a FUor-like object declining to pre-outburst brightness suggests that reconstruction of the stellar magnetic field is a slow process. Within the 1-day timescale, 60% of H$_2$-emitting YSOs show significant but modest variation, and 2/6 sources have large variations in Br$γ$. Over year-long timescales, H$_2$ flux variations remain modest despite up to 1.8 mag variation in $K_s$. This indicates that emission from the molecular outflow usually arises further from the protostar and is unaffected by relatively large changes in accretion rate on year-long timescales. Two objects show signs of on/off magnetospheric accretion traced by Br$γ$ emission. In addition, a 60% inter-night brightening of the H$_2$ outflow is detected in one YSO.
description: 23 pages, 13 figures
Rhizocrinus lofotensis Sars 1868
Creators: name: Gondim, Anne Isabelley
name: Moura, Rafael Bendayan De
name: Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Echinodermata
Crinoidea
Bourgueticrinida
Bathycrinidae
Rhizocrinus
Rhizocrinus lofotensis

description: Rhizocrinus lofotensis Sars, 1868
 Rhizocrinus lofotensis Sars, 1868: 39, plates I–IV.— Pourtalès 1869: 357.— Thomson 1872: 770–772.— Carpenter 1877: 35– 53.— Ludwig 1877: 101–128.— Perrier 1883a: 450; 1883b: 223.— Carpenter et al. 1884: 356, 370, 371, 372, 377.— Rathbun 1886: 63.—A.H. Clark 1908b: 538, 539; 1908e: 265; 1909g: 215; 1913b: 5; 1917b: 391; 1954: 374.— Moore 1967: 7, fig. 11a–b.—Barel & Krames 1977: 89, 91, 105.— Meyer & Macurda 1977: 74.— Roux 1977b: 29, 39.— Besteiro & Urgorri 1988: 11.— Messing et al. 1988: 481.— Bohn & Heinzeller 1999: 242, 243 (tables), 245, 247, fig. 1i–j.— Schiaparelli et al. 2007: 1550 (table), 1552.— Etter & Hess 2015: 8887, 8891, 8894, fig. 4.— Buhl-Mortensen et al. 2010: 27, fig. 6a; 2012: 711, 713, fig. 51.6.— Oliveira et al. 2010: 2, fig. 1d.— Roux et al. 2019: 80.
 Conocrinus lofotensis: Roux 1977b: 29.— Messing & Dearborn 1990: 5, 9 (key), 22, 28, fig. 4a–d.— Solís-Marin et al. 2013: 603 (appendix).
 Rhizocrinus verrilli A.H. Clark, 1908d: 207–208; 1908b: 539.
 Type locality. Lofoten Islands, Skraaven, Norway, Arctic Ocean.
 Type material. USNM 35773 (Syntype).
 Geographic and bathymetric range. Amphi-atlantic. Northeastern Atlantic (West of Ireland, south and west of the Faeroe Islands (between southeastern Greenland and Iceland), Northwestern Atlantic (Davis Straits southward to Massachusetts, possibly off northern Florida) (Messing & Dearborn 1990), and Southwestern Atlantic (Brazil) (Solís-Marín et al. 2013), at depths from 140 to 3,475 m (Messing & Dearborn 1990).
 Brazilian localities. Alagoas and Rio de Janeiro (Carpenter 1888; Oliveira et al. 2010).
description: Published as part of Gondim, Anne Isabelley, Moura, Rafael Bendayan De & Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey, 2021, Catalogue of living crinoids (Echinodermata: Crinoidea) from Brazil, pp. 27-55 in Zootaxa 4995 (1) on pages 37-38, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4995.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/5043626
CONCEPTUAL MODEL OF COMPETITIVENESS AND COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE IN AGRICULTURAL 4 -5-71 TRADE
Creators: name: Haley, Stephen L.
name: Haley, Stephen L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1987
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Agricultural trade
subject: macroeconomics
subject: economic model

description: Many economists believe that the United States is losing its competitive edge in world agricultural trade. Some believe that this short-term loss in competitiveness will affect the Nation's ability to be a major producer and exporter in the longer term. 'Oils report develops a simple general equilibrium model in which changes in competitiveness can be evaluated with respect to their longer term consequences for U.S. agricultural production and trade. The model extends the basic Ricardo-Viner trade model into a dynamic specification that recognizes the importance of international capital flows and monetary policy. All traded goods are treated as middle products that must be processed by domestic factors of production before final consumption. The role of input markets within all countries is stressed. Investment activities provide a role for private firms and for government policy in directing medium-term changes in the competitive position of particular sectors.
A COMPARISON OF AGRICULTURE IN THE UNITED STATES AND THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITY
Creators: name: Newman, Mark
name: Fulton, Tom
name: Glaser, Lewrene
name: Newman, Mark
name: Fulton, Tom
name: Glaser, Lewrene
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1987
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
International Relations/Trade

description: The United States and the European Community are major competitors in international agricultural markets, major trading partners, and important allies. This report identifies and analyzes similarities and differences in U.S. and EC agriculture, including trade and domestic farm policies. Agriculture accounts for a larger share of employment and national income in the European Community than in the United States. The enlarged EC has just passed the United States as the world's largest agricultural exporter. The EC is also a market for one-fourth of U.S. agricultural exports. Costs of supporting agricultural prices and agricultural stocks have rapidly grown in both regions, leading to pressure to examine policy reforms.
Braneworld Kaluza-Klein Corrections in a Nutshell
Creators: name: Kanno, Sugumi
name: Soda, Jiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Evaluating Kaluza-Klein (KK) corrections is indispensable to test the braneworld scenario. In this paper, we propose a novel symmetry approach to a 4-dimensional effective action with KK corrections for the Randall-Sundrum two-brane system. The result can be used to assess the validity of the low energy approximation. Also, our result provides the basis for predicting CMB spectrum with KK corrections and the study of the transition from black strings to black holes.
description: 4 pages
Purity and State Fidelity of Quantum Channels via Hamiltonians
Creators: name: Zanardi, Paolo
name: Lidar, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We associate to every quantum channel $T$ acting on a Hilbert space $\mathcal{H}$ a pair of Hamiltonian operators over the symmetric subspace of $\mathcal{H}^{\otimes 2}$. The expectation values of these Hamiltonians over symmetric product states give either the purity or the pure state fidelity of $T$. This allows us to analytically compute these measures for a wide class of channels, and to identify states that are optimal with respect to these measures.
description: 7 Pages
Phase Diagrams of Single Layer Two-Dimensional Transition Metal Dichalcogenides: Landau Theory
Creators: name: Morozovska, Anna N.
name: Eliseev, Eugene A.
name: Stubbs, Kevin D.
name: Vasudevan, Rama
name: Kim, Yunseok
name: Kalinin, Sergei V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Single layer (SL) two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), such as MoS2, ReS2, WSe2, and MoTe2 have now become the focus of intensive fundamental and applied researches due to their intriguing and tunable physical properties. These materials exhibit a broad range of structural phases that can be induced via elastic strain, chemical doping, and electrostatic field effect. These transitions in turn can open and close the band gap of SL-TMDs, leading to metal-insulator transitions, and lead to emergence of more complex quantum phenomena. These considerations necessitate detailed understanding of the mesoscopic mechanisms of these structural phase transitions. Here we develop the Landau-type thermodynamic description of SL-TMDs on example of SL-(MoS2)1-x-(ReS2)x system and analyze the free energy surfaces, phase diagrams, and order parameter behavior. Our results predict the existence of multiple structural phases with 2-, 6- and 12-fold degenerated energy minima for in-plane and out of plane order parameters. This analysis suggests that out-of-plane ferroelectricity can exist in many of these phases, with the switchable polarization being proportional to the out-of-plane order parameter. We further predict that the domain walls in SL-(MoS2)1-x-(ReS2)x should become conductive above a certain strain threshold.
description: 35 pages, 8 figures, 2 tables, 2 appendices
ECONOMIC IMPACT EVALUATION USING IMPLAN: A CASE STUDY OF THE NEBRASKA PANHANDLE PROJECT
Creators: name: Kasal, James
name: Magleby, Richard
name: Kasal, James
name: Magleby, Richard
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1988
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: IMPLAN
subject: input-output
subject: Resource Conservation and Development (RC&D) program
subject: project impacts
subject: regional economic impacts
subject: Nebraska Panhandle
subject: direct project measures
subject: associated measures
subject: program planning and evaluation

description: IMPLAN, a computer-based system for developing nonsurvey input-output models, was used to analyze the impacts of Resource Conservation and Development (RC&D) activity in the Nebraska Panhandle area for 1971-88. The impacts resulted from both the goods and services purchased from the local economy and through the flow of outputs from RC&D program activities. The expenditures and outputs of direct project measures included in the analysis were critical area treatment, recreation construction, irrigation construction, floodwater prevention construction, Federal and State salaries, State and local enterprise expenditures, recreation visits, and floodwater reduction benefits. This report also analyzes the impacts of two associated project measures: conservation research and the promotion of local facilities for conventions.
OATS IMPORTS, THE U.S. MARKET, AND GOVERNMENT PROGRAMS
Creators: name: Hoffman, Linwood A.
name: Sronce, Philip W.
name: Hoffman, Linwood A.
name: Sronce, Philip W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1987
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: U.S. oats market
subject: Government oats programs
subject: world oats production and trade
subject: oats imports

description: The United States became a net importer of oats during 1982-86, with imports ranging from 4 to 34 million bushels, mostly from Canada, Sweden, and Finland. As a result of increased oats imports in crop years 1983-86, domestic supply increased modestly, producer prices declined slightly, and domestic feed use rose somewhat. Net Government outlays were estimated to increase by $0.4-$4.5 million annually. Additional imports did not significantly affect the Government program objectives for oats. U.S. harvested acreage of oats has shifted somewhat to barley because of higher net returns caused in part by Government programs. To the extent that program provisions have provided disincentives for oats production, oats imports have served as a counterbalancing force.
Time-Dependent Spintronic Transport and Current-Induced Spin Transfer Torque in Magnetic Tunnel Junctions
Creators: name: Zhu, Zhen-Gang
name: Su, Gang
name: Zheng, Qing-Rong
name: Jin, Biao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The responses of the electrical current and the current-induced spin transfer torque (CISTT) to an ac bias in addition to a dc bias in a magnetic tunnel junction are investigated by means of the time-dependent nonquilibrium Green function technique. The time-averaged current (time-averaged CISTT) is formulated in the form of a summation of dc current (dc CISTT) multiplied by products of Bessel functions with the energy levels shifted by $m\hbar ω_{0}$. The tunneling current can be viewed as to happen between the photonic sidebands of the two ferromagnets. The electrons can pass through the barrier easily under high frequencies but difficultly under low frequencies. The tunnel magnetoresistance almost does not vary with an ac field. It is found that the spin transfer torque, still being proportional to the electrical current under an ac bias, can be changed by varying frequency. Low frequencies could yield a rapid decrease of the spin transfer torque, while a large ac signal leads to both decrease of the electrical current and the spin torque. If only an ac bias is present, the spin transfer torque is sharply enhanced at the particular amplitude and frequency of the ac bias. A nearly linear relation between such an amplitude and frequency is observed.
description: 13 pages,8 figures
Nature of quasiparticle excitations in the fractional quantum Hall effect
Creators: name: Jeon, Gun Sang
name: Jain, Jainendra K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the 1/3 fractional quantum Hall state with one and two quasiparticle excitations. It is shown that the quasiparticle excitations are best described as excited composite fermions occupying higher composite-fermion quasi-Landau levels. In particular, the composite-fermion wave function for a single quasiparticle has 15% lower energy than the trial wave function suggested by Laughlin, and for two quasiparticles, the composite fermion theory also gives new qualitative structures.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
Counting of Grapevine Berries in Images via Semantic Segmentation using Convolutional Neural Networks
Creators: name: Zabawa, Laura
name: Kicherer, Anna
name: Klingbeil, Lasse
name: Töpfer, Reinhard
name: Kuhlmann, Heiner
name: Roscher, Ribana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The extraction of phenotypic traits is often very time and labour intensive. Especially the investigation in viticulture is restricted to an on-site analysis due to the perennial nature of grapevine. Traditionally skilled experts examine small samples and extrapolate the results to a whole plot. Thereby different grapevine varieties and training systems, e.g. vertical shoot positioning (VSP) and semi minimal pruned hedges (SMPH) pose different challenges. In this paper we present an objective framework based on automatic image analysis which works on two different training systems. The images are collected semi automatic by a camera system which is installed in a modified grape harvester. The system produces overlapping images from the sides of the plants. Our framework uses a convolutional neural network to detect single berries in images by performing a semantic segmentation. Each berry is then counted with a connected component algorithm. We compare our results with the Mask-RCNN, a state-of-the-art network for instance segmentation and with a regression approach for counting. The experiments presented in this paper show that we are able to detect green berries in images despite of different training systems. We achieve an accuracy for the berry detection of 94.0% in the VSP and 85.6% in the SMPH.
Special Lagrangian submanifolds with isolated conical singularities. V. Survey and applications
Creators: name: Joyce, Dominic
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This is the last in a series of five papers math.DG/0211294, math.DG/0211295, math.DG/0302355, math.DG/0302356 studying compact special Lagrangian submanifolds (SL m-folds) X in (almost) Calabi-Yau m-folds M with singularities x_1,...,x_n locally modelled on special Lagrangian cones C_1,...,C_n in C^m with isolated singularities at 0. Readers are advised to begin with this paper. We survey the major results of the previous four papers, giving brief explanations of the proofs. We apply the results to describe the boundary of a moduli space of compact, nonsingular SL m-folds N in M. We prove the existence of special Lagrangian connected sums N_1 # ... # N_k of SL m-folds N_1,...,N_k in M. We also study SL 3-folds with T^2-cone singularities, proving results related to ideas of the author on invariants of Calabi-Yau 3-folds and the SYZ Conjecture. Let X be a compact SL m-fold with isolated conical singularities x_i and cones C_i for i=1,...,n. The first paper math.DG/0211294 studied the regularity of X near its singular points, and the the second paper math.DG/0211295 the moduli space of deformations of X. The third and fourth papers math.DG/0302355, math.DG/0302356 construct desingularizations of X, realizing X as a limit of a family of compact, nonsingular SL m-folds N^t in M for small t>0. Let L_i be an Asymptotically Conical SL m-fold in C^m asymptotic to C_i at infinity. We make N^t by gluing tL_i into X at x_i for i=1,...n.
description: 54 pages
Cosmic Microwave Background Anisotropy numerical solution (CMBAns) I: An introduction to $C_l$ calculation
Creators: name: Das, Santanu
name: Phan, Anh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cosmological Boltzmann codes are often used by researchers for calculating the CMB angular power spectra from different theoretical models, for cosmological parameter estimation, etc. Therefore, the accuracy of a Boltzmann code is of utmost importance. Different Markov Chain Monte Carlo based parameter estimation algorithms typically require 10^3 - 10^4 iterations of Boltzmann code. This makes the time complexity of such codes another critical factor. In the last two decades, several Boltzmann packages, such as CMBFAST, CAMB, CMBEasy, CLASS etc., have been developed. In this paper, we present a new cosmological Boltzmann code, CMBAns, that can be used for accurate calculation of the CMB power spectrum. At present, CMBAns is developed for a flat background matrix. It is mostly written in the C language. However, we borrowed the concept of class from C++. This gives researchers the flexibility to develop their own independent package based on CMBAns, without an in-depth understanding of the source code. We also develop multiple stand-alone facilities which can be directly compiled and run on a given parameter set. In this paper, we discuss all the mathematical formulation, approximation schemes, integration methods etc., that are used in CMBAns. The package will be made available through github for public use in the near future.
description: 41 pages, 16 figures
Lagrangian-space Gaussian ansatz for the matter redshift-space power spectrum and correlation function
Creators: name: Valageas, Patrick
name: Nishimichi, Takahiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the predictions for the matter redshift-space power spectrum and correlation function of a Lagrangian-space Gaussian ansatz introduced in a previous work. This model is a natural extension of the Zeldovich approximation, where the displacement and velocity power spectra are determined by the equations of motion, instead of being set equal to the linear power spectrum. It does not contain any free parameter. As for the real-space statistics, we find that this Lagrangian-space approach is much more efficient for the correlation functions than for the power spectra. The damping of the BAO oscillations is well recovered but there is a large smooth drift from the simulations in the power spectra. The multipoles of the correlation functions are well recovered on BAO scales, with an accuracy of $2\%$ for $ξ^s_0$ down to $10 h^{-1}$ Mpc, and of $3\%$ for $ξ^s_2$ down to $26 h^{-1}$ Mpc, at $z \geq 0.35$.
description: 15 pages
The Erosion-Productivity Index Simulator Model
Creators: name: Putman, John W.
name: Dyke, Paul T.
name: Wistrand, Glen L.
name: Alt., Klause F.
name: Putman, John W.
name: Dyke, Paul T.
name: Wistrand, Glen L.
name: Alt., Klause F.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1987
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Erosion
subject: erosion-productivity
subject: simulation model
subject: process model
subject: conservation

description: The Erosion-Productivity Index Simulator (EPIS) model is designed to provide the link between the Erosion-Productivity Index Calculator/Resource Conservation Act (EPIC/RCA) model and the RCA Information System. The EPIS model was used to expand 12,000 EPIC simulations into a data base of 250,000 resource/crop/tillage/conservation alternatives, to estimate the relative productivity among these alternatives, and to quantify the effect of erosion on productivity and fertilizer requirements.
title: Improving the Long-Term Maintenance and Durability of Pervious Concrete Pavements
Creators: name: Christiansen, Kate Elizabeth
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2024

description: Impervious concrete is constructed for most new infrastructure such as housing developments, commercial projects, and industrial facilities, which prevents stormwater runoff from infiltrating into groundwater storage. Pervious concrete is a sustainable, economical, and safe alternative to collect runoff and prevent the issues resulting from increased land development.
Although pervious concrete has the benefit of a large porous structure for water infiltration, this high porosity leads to issues with debris, sand, and other materials clogging the porous areas. Pervious concrete also has the challenge of non-standardized material preparation techniques, testing, and construction practices. As such, more research is needed to improve the strength, durability, and long-term maintenance of the concrete before pervious concrete can be used in wider applications.
This thesis seeks to utilize advanced concrete mix designs and innovative maintenance strategies to improve the long-term maintenance and durability of pervious concrete structures. To address the first objective of this thesis, two pervious concrete mix designs are developed using normal cement as a control mix and a rapid-set cement mix as an advanced alternative construction material. The viability of the rapid-set cement mix is analyzed by implementing compressive strength and freeze-thaw durability tests for both mix designs.
The second objective of the thesis is to determine the most effective maintenance method to remove debris and maintain the porous structure of three pervious concrete systems. The maintenance methods used in this thesis compare an innovative upward flush system with vacuuming method to the typical pressure washing and vacuuming method.
The results of the compressive strength and freeze-thaw durability testing show that using rapid-set cement as an advanced construction material would be a suitable replacement in pervious concrete pavements. The maintenance method testing results demonstrate the effectiveness of the innovative upward flush system as being the most efficient at removing sand from the pervious concrete model.
With the conclusions from this study, further research can be carried out to find other innovative, eco-friendly, and cost-effective ways to implement and improve pervious concrete developments.
QCD analysis of first b cross section data at 1.96 TeV
Creators: name: Cacciari, M.
name: Frixione, S.
name: Mangano, M. L.
name: Nason, P.
name: Ridolfi, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The first data on bottom quark production in p-pbar collisions at 1.96 TeV have recently been obtained by the CDF collaboration. These data probe the region of pt~0, providing a new invaluable input on the issue of the compatibility between next-to-leading-order (NLO) QCD and data. We reconsider the evaluation of the b cross section, in view of recent theoretical developments, and of the latest inputs on structure function fits. We show that the new CDF measurements are in good agreement with NLO QCD. If CDF preliminary data are confirmed, a long-standing discrepancy between NLO QCD predictions and hadron-collider data can be settled.
description: 15 pages, 7 figures. This revision gives an expanded presentation of the results and corrects a mistake in fig 5. V3 updates some references
SemEval-2017 Task 3: Community Question Answering
Creators: name: Nakov, Preslav
name: Hoogeveen, Doris
name: Màrquez, Lluís
name: Moschitti, Alessandro
name: Mubarak, Hamdy
name: Baldwin, Timothy
name: Verspoor, Karin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.7
subject: 68T50

description: We describe SemEval-2017 Task 3 on Community Question Answering. This year, we reran the four subtasks from SemEval-2016:(A) Question-Comment Similarity,(B) Question-Question Similarity,(C) Question-External Comment Similarity, and (D) Rerank the correct answers for a new question in Arabic, providing all the data from 2015 and 2016 for training, and fresh data for testing. Additionally, we added a new subtask E in order to enable experimentation with Multi-domain Question Duplicate Detection in a larger-scale scenario, using StackExchange subforums. A total of 23 teams participated in the task, and submitted a total of 85 runs (36 primary and 49 contrastive) for subtasks A-D. Unfortunately, no teams participated in subtask E. A variety of approaches and features were used by the participating systems to address the different subtasks. The best systems achieved an official score (MAP) of 88.43, 47.22, 15.46, and 61.16 in subtasks A, B, C, and D, respectively. These scores are better than the baselines, especially for subtasks A-C.
description: community question answering, question-question similarity, question-comment similarity, answer reranking, Multi-domain Question Duplicate Detection, StackExchange, English, Arabic
Price Implications of Farmers' Response to the Farmer-Owned Reserve Program
Creators: name: Meyers, William H.
name: Jolly, Robert W.
name: Meyers, William H.
name: Jolly, Robert W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1980
Subjects: Farm Management

description: Firm level decision models are developed by viewing the farmer-owned reserve as an investment which is evaluated by means of stochastic efficiency criteria. Aggregate relationships for reserve placements and redemption are derived from the firm level models, and the implications for price level and stability are analyzed.
The H$_2^+$ ion in a strong magnetic field. Lowest excited states
Creators: name: Turbiner, A. V.
name: Vieyra, J. C. Lopez
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As a continuation of our previous work ({\it Phys. Rev. A68, 012504 (2003)}) an accurate study of the lowest $1\si_g$ and the low-lying excited $1\si_u$, $2\si_g$, $1π_{u,g}$, $1\de_{g,u}$ electronic states of the molecular ion $H_2^+$ is made. Since the parallel configuration where the molecular axis coincides with the magnetic field direction is optimal, this is the only configuration which is considered. The variational method is applied and the {\it same} trial function is used for different magnetic fields. The magnetic field ranges from $10^9 G$ to $4.414 \times 10^{13} G$ where non-relativistic considerations are justified. Particular attention is paid to the $1\si_u$ state which was studied for an arbitrary inclination. For this state a one-parameter vector potential is used which is then variationally optimized.
description: 25 pages, 2 figures