cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Data-based guarantees of set invariance properties
Creators: name: Bisoffi, Andrea
name: De Persis, Claudio
name: Tesi, Pietro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: For a discrete-time linear system, we use data from a single open-loop experiment to design directly a feedback controller enforcing that a given (polyhedral) set of the state is invariant and given (polyhedral) constraints on the control are satisfied. By building on classical results from model-based set invariance and a fundamental result from Willems et al., the controller designed from data has the following desirable features. The satisfaction of the above properties is guaranteed only from data, it can be assessed by solving a numerically-efficient linear program, and, under a certain rank condition, a data-based solution is feasible if and only if a model-based solution is feasible.
Andreev reflections on Y1-xCaxBa2Cu3O7-delta evidence for an unusual proximity effect
Creators: name: Kohen, A.
name: Leibovitch, G.
name: Deutscher, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have measured Andreev reflections between an Au tip and Y_{1-x}Ca_{x}Ba_{2}Cu_{3}O_{7 - δ} thin films in the in-plane orientation. The conductance spectra are best fitted with a pair potential having the "d_{x^{2}-y^{2}+is" symmetry. We find that the amplitude of the "is" component is enhanced as the contact transparency is increased. This is an indication for an unusual proximity effect that modifies the pair potential in the superconductor near the surface with the normal metal.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
The Role of Restraints on the Buckling Response of Glass Shear Walls
Creators: name: Bedon, Chiara
name: Amadio, Claudio
Publisher: name: Challenging Glass Conference Proceedings
Year: 2016

description: In current practice, glass shear walls are frequently used to cover wide surfaces in facades. There, a multitude of restraints can be found, depending on specific aesthetic, architectural and structural requirements. Typical practical examples can in fact take the form of linear adhesive joints, metal frames or mechanical point fixings, etc. From a practical point of view, as a result, it is clear that compared to idealized boundary conditions the actual restraints should be properly taken into account. In this research paper, the shear buckling response of glass shear walls is assessed by means of Finite-Element (FE) simulations and analytical methods. The role of (i) linear adhesive joints, (ii) metal frames with interposed adhesive joints or (iii) point mechanical connectors on the theoretical buckling resistance of these panels is first assessed (e.g. in the form of fundamental buckling shapes and Euler’s critical loads). Analytical fitting curves of general applicability are proposed, so that classical formulations derived from shear buckling theories could be used. Subsequently, the actual shear buckling resistance is also assessed, e.g. by taking into account the effects of possible initial geometrical imperfections, damage in glass or in the adopted restraints. This goal is achieved by means of accurate but computationally efficient FE models able to reproduce (via mechanical connectors, surface-to-surface interactions, etc.) the desired mechanical effect of restraints, as well as any possible local damage in them. As shown, rather close agreement is found with a past normalized buckling curve in use for ideally simply supported glass shear walls. It is thus expected, in view of further investigations and full-scale experimental validation, that the current research outcomes could provide a useful theoretical background for the implementation of standardized buckling design methods.
description: Challenging Glass Conference Proceedings, Vol. 5 (2016): Challenging Glass 5
Design of a Glass Walkway in the Historical City of Pisa using Jumbo Glass Slabs
Creators: name: Mori, M.
name: Masiello, G.
name: Mamone, V.
Publisher: name: Challenging Glass Conference Proceedings
Year: 2016

description: The paper illustrates the project for a structural glass walkway that will connect two important historical buildings in Pisa, Palazzo delle Logge di Banchi and Palazzo Pretorio, which are currently used as administrative offices by the City Council. The entire project is developed with particular attention to the conservation of those buildings, the idea is to build a transparent glass footbridge that does not distract people’s attention from the surrounding buildings. The pedestrian walkway has a span of 9.15 metres over the main pedestrian and commercial street of Pisa. In order to combine the demands for both high transparency and fail safe design, the structure will be realised with laminated jumbo glass slabs as main load bearing structure and with joints properly developed to ensure a mutual collaboration of the structural elements. The result of the project will be a complete transparent footbridge with small joints that satisfy both the architectural and the safety requirements.
description: Challenging Glass Conference Proceedings, Vol. 5 (2016): Challenging Glass 5
Ferroelectric nonlinear anomalous Hall effect in few-layer WTe$_2$
Creators: name: Wang, Hua
name: Qian, Xiaofeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Under broken time reversal symmetry such as in the presence of external magnetic field or internal magnetization, a transverse voltage can be established in materials perpendicular to both longitudinal current and applied magnetic field, known as classical Hall effect. However, this symmetry constraint can be relaxed in the nonlinear regime, thereby enabling nonlinear anomalous Hall current in time-reversal invariant materials - an underexplored realm with exciting new opportunities beyond classical linear Hall effect. Here, using group theory and first-principles theory, we demonstrate a remarkable ferroelectric nonlinear anomalous Hall effect in time-reversal invariant few-layer WTe$_2$ where nonlinear anomalous Hall current switches in odd-layer WTe$_2$ while remaining invariant in even-layer WTe$_2$ upon ferroelectric transition. This even-odd oscillation of ferroelectric nonlinear anomalous Hall effect was found to originate from the absence and presence of Berry curvature dipole reversal and shift dipole reversal due to distinct ferroelectric transformation in even and odd-layer WTe$_2$. Our work not only treats Berry curvature dipole and shift dipole on an equal footing to account for intraband and interband contributions to nonlinear anomalous Hall effect, but also establishes Berry curvature dipole and shift dipole as new order parameters for noncentrosymmetric materials. The present findings, therefore, suggest that ferroelectric metals and Weyl semimetals may offer unprecedented opportunities for the development of nonlinear quantum electronics.
description: 19 pages, 5 figures
The quasar epoch and the stellar ages of early-type galaxies
Creators: name: Cattaneo, A.
name: Bernardi, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the hypothesis that quasars formed together with the stellar populations of early-type galaxies. This hypothesis, in conjunction with the stellar ages of early-type galaxies from population synthesis models, the relation of black hole mass to bulge velocity dispersion, and the velocity dispersion distribution from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, completely determines the cosmic accretion hystory of supermassive black holes and the redshift evolution of the characteristic luminosity. On the other hand the precise shape of the luminosity function of quasars depends on the light curve of quasars and, in the optical, but not so much in X-rays, on the covering factor of the dust surrounding the AGN. We find a plausible set of assumptions for which the coeval formation of supermassive black holes and elliptical galaxies is in good agreement with the observed B-band and X-ray luminosity functions of quasars.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Additional file 1 of Noise classification for the unified earthquake catalog using ensemble learning: the enhanced image of seismic activity along the Japan Trench by the S-net seafloor network
Creators: name: Tamaribuchi, Koji
name: Fuyuki Hirose
name: Noda, Akemi
name: Iwasaki, Yuriko
name: Iwakiri, Kazuhiro
name: Ueno, Hiroshi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Geophysics
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 1: Text S1. Air gun waveform removal. Figure S1. Frequency distribution of scaled CC. Figure S2. Comparison of processing results with and without the CC denoiser. Table S1. Residuals between the JMA unified catalog and the corresponding automatically determined hypocenters. Table S2. Comparison of the JMA unified catalog and the automatically determined hypocenters. Text S2. Seismic activity above M 5 along the Japan Trench. Figure S3. Cross-sections of the JMA unified catalog obtained without the usage of S-net.
title: Currency Fluctuations, Liability Dollarization, and the Choice of Exchange Rate Regimes in Emerging Markets
Creators: name: Osakwe, Patrick N.
Publisher: name: Bank of Canada
Year: 2002

description: Traditional models of exchange rate regimes ignore the destabilizing effects of sharp and unanticipated exchange rate movements. Recent research, however, has shown that these movements have real costs in emerging markets owing to liability dollarization, financial fragility, or balance-sheet vulnerabilities. This paper evaluates the performance of an emerging-market economy under a credibly fixed-rate, a collapsing fixed-rate, and a flexible-rate regime using a speculative attack model that takes into account the destabilizing effects of unanticipated movements in exchange rates. The model is applied to South Korea to determine the dominant exchange rate regime.
description: Les modèles traditionnels relatifs aux régimes de change font abstraction des effets déstabilisateurs qu'ont les variations marquées et imprévues du taux de change. Des études récentes montrent toutefois que ces variations entraînent des coûts réels pour les économies émergentes, du fait de la dollarisation du passif, de la fragilité du secteur financier ou de la vulnérabilité des bilans. À l'aide d'un modèle qui tient compte des effets déstabilisateurs des mouvements inattendus du taux de change imputables aux attaques spéculatives, l'auteur évalue la tenue affichée par une économie émergente sous différents régimes (changes fixes établis de façon crédible, changes fixes susceptibles de s'effondrer et changes flottants). Le modèle est appliqué à l'économie sud-coréenne afin de déterminer quel régime de change est le plus avantageux.
MOESM1 of The genomic diversification of grapevine clones
Creators: name: Vondras, Amanda
name: Minio, Andrea
name: Blanco-Ulate, Barbara
name: Figueroa-Balderas, Rosa
name: Penn, Michael
name: Yongfeng Zhou
name: Seymour, Danelle
name: Zirou Ye
name: Dingren Liang
name: Lucero Espinoza
name: Anderson, Michael
name: M. Walker
name: Gaut, Brandon
name: Cantu, Dario
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 1: Method to extraction phenolic metabolites from Heritage Vineyard Zinfandel clones and discriminant analysis of Zinfandel clones based on their phenolic profiles.
Approximation of Various Quantum Query Types
Creators: name: Bessen, Arvid J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Query complexity measures the amount of information an algorithm needs about a problem to compute a solution. On a quantum computer there are different realizations of a query and we will show that these are not always equivalent. Our definition of equivalence is based on the ability to simulate (or approximate) one query type by another. We show that a bit query can always approximate a phase query with just two queries, while there exist problems for which the number of phase queries which are necessary to approximate a bit query must grow exponentially with the precision of the bit query. This result follows from the query complexity bounds for the evaluation problem, for which we establish a strong lower bound for the number of phase queries by exploiting a relation between quantum algorithms and trigonometric polynomials.
description: New version. To be published in the Journal of Complexity in August. Extended by an additional section
Coherent control of 40-THz optical phonons in diamond using femtosecond optical pulses
Creators: name: Kimata, Tetsuya
name: Yoda, Kazuma
name: Matsumoto, Hana
name: Tanabe, Hiroyuki
name: Minami, Fujio
name: Kayanuma, Yosuke
name: Nakamura, Kazutaka G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Coherent control is an optical technique to manipulate quantum states of matter. The coherent control of 40-THz optical phonons in diamond was demonstrated by using a pair of sub-10-fs optical pulses. The optical phonons were detected via transient transmittance using a pump and probe protocol. The optical and phonon interferences were observed in the transient transmittance change and its behavior was well reproduced by quantum mechanical calculations with a simple model which consists of two electronic levels and shifted harmonic oscillators.
description: 5 pages, 6 figures
Fracture Simulation of Structural Glass by Element Deletion in Explicit FEM
Creators: name: Pelfrene, J.
name: Van Dam, S.
name: Sevenois, R.
name: Gilabert, F.
name: Van Paepegem, W.
Publisher: name: Challenging Glass Conference Proceedings
Year: 2016

description: In finite element simulation of glass cracking for practical engineering problems, the method of element deletion is often used despite its shortcomings. With this technique, an element is removed from the system upon reaching a certain failure criterion. Many different formulations for the failure behaviour of an element are possible, differentiated by the physical correctness of their representation and by their implications on the numerical stability of the calculation. In this paper, three failure models are characterised by use of a unit element model and evaluated for the drop weight impact on a monolithic glass plate. Several issues can be identified: (i) incorrect calculation of fracture energy for large-sized elements; (ii) shock wave propagation upon deletion of an element leading to spurious failure of other elements; (iii) unrealistic crack formation when the failure model does not account for crack directionality. A crack delay failure model for structural glass is proposed to avoid the aforementioned problems. This failure model uses only physical material properties as input and limits the damage rate during fracture.
description: Challenging Glass Conference Proceedings, Vol. 5 (2016): Challenging Glass 5
Pareto Law in a Kinetic Model of Market with Random Saving Propensity
Creators: name: Chatterjee, Arnab
name: Chakrabarti, Bikas K.
name: Manna, S. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: General Finance (q-fin.GN)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: We have numerically simulated the ideal-gas models of trading markets, where each agent is identified with a gas molecule and each trading as an elastic or money-conserving two-body collision. Unlike in the ideal gas, we introduce (quenched) saving propensity of the agents, distributed widely between the agents ($0 \le λ< 1$). The system remarkably self-organizes to a critical Pareto distribution of money $P(m) \sim m^{-(ν+ 1)}$ with $ν\simeq 1$. We analyse the robustness (universality) of the distribution in the model. We also argue that although the fractional saving ingredient is a bit unnatural one in the context of gas models, our model is the simplest so far, showing self-organized criticality, and combines two century-old distributions: Gibbs (1901) and Pareto (1897) distributions.
description: 5 pages RevTeX4, 6 eps figures, to be published in Physica A (2004)
Additional file 1 of Sharing meals: promising nutritional interventions for primary health care including nursing students and elderly people
Creators: name: Alne, Ellen Kristine Frøyland
name: Øie, Tove
name: Søiland, Malene
name: Gjesdal, Kine
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Interview guide - Sharing meals.
title: Contribution of ICT Use to Output and Labour-Productivity Growth in Canada
Creators: name: Khan, Hashmat
name: Santos, Marjorie
Publisher: name: Bank of Canada
Year: 2002

description: There is ample evidence that information and communication technologies (ICT) contributed significantly to the surge in output and labour-productivity growth in the United States in the late 1990s. Does Canada share the U.S. experience? Has ICT influenced the trend productivity and output growth? Answers to these questions will help improve the Bank's forecasts of inflationary pressures. This paper examines the first question. A simple growth-accounting exercise suggests that, in contrast to the United States, Canada did not experience an acceleration in the contributions of ICT use to output and labour-productivity growth.
description: Plusieurs études permettent de croire que les technologies de l'information et de la communication (TIC) ont contribué de façon importante à la vive accélération de la croissance de la production et de la productivité du travail aux États-Unis durant la deuxième moitié des années 1990. Observe-t-on le même phénomène au Canada? Les TIC ont-elles influé sur le taux de croissance tendanciel de la productivité et de la production? Répondre à ces questions aidera la Banque à améliorer ses prévisions relatives aux pressions inflationnistes. Cette étude se penche sur la première question. Une simple analyse des composantes de la croissance fait ressortir que contrairement aux États-Unis, les gains de production et de productivité du travail liés à l'utilisation des TIC n'ont pas augmenté au Canada.
Melitaea phoebe
Creators: name: Russell, P. J. C.
name: Bartolozzi, L.
name: Hawkins, R. L.
name: Tennent, W. J.
name: Léger, T.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Nymphalidae
Melitaea
Melitaea phoebe

description: Melitaea phoebe ab. totila Stauder, 1914
[TL: Italy, Calabria, Cosenza, Mt. Cocuzzo] was described as an aberration (“Ich benenne diese Aberration Forma totila, ab. nov.”), thus Stauder’s 1914 name totila, although it has been given subspecific status by TÓTH & VARGA (2011) has no status in nomenclature. The whereabouts of the specimen is not known but its geographic source, south of the known distribution of M. phoebe in Italy, suggests it is an aberration of M. ornata (RUSSELL & TENNENT, 2016: note 92; RUSSELL, 2018: 258). VERITY (1938: 152 and Tav. 43: figs 68, 69) considered this to equate to M. phoebe phoebina Turati, 1921 (see below); however his illustrations appear significantly paler than Stauder’s much darker melanic female (STAUDER, 1914: 373, fig. 1).
description: Published as part of Russell, P. J. C., Bartolozzi, L., Hawkins, R. L., Tennent, W. J. & Léger, T., 2020, Designation of lectotypes for some Spanish and other western European Melitaea taxa, some with mixed syntypic series of M. phoebe ([Denis & amp; Schiffermüller], 1775) and M. ornata Christoph, 1893 (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae), pp. 449-472 in SHILAP Revista de lepidopterología 48 (191) on page 451, DOI: 10.57065/shilap.369
title: Restructuring in the Canadian Economy: A Survey of Firms
Creators: name: Kwan, Carolyn
Publisher: name: Bank of Canada
Year: 2002

description: The regional offices of the Bank conducted a survey of 140 Canadian companies (representing all non-government sectors of the economy) to study the effects of restructuring (defined as a major change in the way firms do business). Results of the survey confirmed the perception that the extent of firm-level restructuring was greater in the 1990s than in the 1980s. The most common type of restructuring was the adoption of new technology. This investment was typically driven more by the availability of the technology than by its affordability. Intense competitive pressure was another important motivation. Other forms of restructuring included the move to "bigger business" through larger-format retail outlets, mergers, or consolidation.

For the firms surveyed, restructuring reduced employment more often in the 1990s than in the 1980s. The most common reason for a decrease in employment was that competition squeezed profit margins and made it necessary to reduce the cost of labour. Restructuring also had other effects on the labour force: a shift in the skill mix in favour of more highly skilled workers and increasing use of contract workers to maintain flexibility. Companies were optimistic, however, regarding their future performance.
description: Les bureaux régionaux de la Banque du Canada ont mené une enquête auprès de 140 firmes canadiennes représentant tous les secteurs économiques autres que celui des administrations publiques afin d'étudier les effets de la restructuration (celle-ci étant définie comme un changement fondamental dans la façon dont les entreprises mènent leurs opérations). Cette enquête a confirmé la perception selon laquelle les restructurations d'entreprises ont été plus répandues dans les années 1990 que dans les années 1980. L'adoption de nouvelles technologies a représenté le type de restructuration le plus courant. L'investissement dans la technologie était davantage fonction de la disponibilité de celle-ci que de son coût abordable. La concurrence intense est aussi un facteur important ayant incité les entreprises à se restructurer. Un autre type de restructuration observé est l'expansion de l'entreprise, qui est réalisée par un renforcement des points de vente ou encore par des fusions ou des regroupements.

Dans les entreprises sondées, la restructuration a fait perdre davantage d'emplois durant les années 1990 qu'au cours de la décennie précédente. La cause la plus commune de la diminutionde l'emploi est la concurrence, qui a rétréci les marges bénéficiaires et entraîné une compression des coûts de main-d'oeuvre. La restructuration a eu d'autres effets sur la main-d'oeuvre, notamment un ajustement de l'éventail des compétences au profit des travailleurs hautement qualifiés et le recours croissant à des employés contractuels dans le but de maintenir un certain degré de flexibilité. Les entreprises envisageaient toutefois l'avenir avec optimisme.
title: The Microstructure of Multiple-Dealer Equity and Government Securities Markets: How They Differ
Creators: name: Gravelle, Toni
Publisher: name: Bank of Canada
Year: 2002

description: Although dealership government and equity securities have, on the surface, similar market structures, the author demonstrates that some subtle differences exist between them that are likely to significantly affect the way market-makers trade, and as such have an impact on the liquidity that they provide. The author reviews some of the concepts recently introduced in the literature, examining multiple-dealer equity markets, and delineates gaps that exist in this literature in terms of its applicability to government securities markets.
description: Bien que les marchés de contrepartie relatifs aux actions et aux titres d'État aient en apparence des structures analogues, l'auteur démontre qu'il existe entre eux de subtiles différences, qui sont susceptibles d'influer de façon importante sur la façon dont les teneurs de marché opèrent et donc sur le degré de liquidité du marché. L'auteur passe en revue certains concepts qui sont apparus récemment dans la littérature portant sur les marchés d'actions à courtiers multiples et décrit les lacunes de celle-ci, notamment au chapitre de la modélisation de la structure des marchés de titres d'État.
Evaluation of Artificial Ageing Methods for Glass
Creators: name: Datsiou, Kyriaki Corinna
name: Overend, Mauro
Publisher: name: Challenging Glass Conference Proceedings
Year: 2016

description: Surface damage that accumulates on the surface of glass is known to govern the strength of this material. It would therefore be very useful to use artificial ageing techniques to replicate this level of damage; this would allow a rapid and cost effective assessment of the expected glass strength and the long term performance of novel glass products and treatments. Some artificial ageing methods exist but it is unclear whether the surface damage induced is correlated with the physical damage found in naturally aged glass. The aim of this paper is therefore, to evaluate available artificial ageing methods of glass using as a reference naturally aged annealed glass. The artificial ageing methods of the as-received specimens involved the induction of: (a) a single flaw on the as-received specimens with a custom-made scratching device (SC series); and (b) uniform damage to the specimens with the use of dropped grit (SA series). Each ageing method was then evaluated with destructive and non-destructive testing. These results were then compared to those obtained from the naturally aged glass (NA series). A 65% reduction in mean strength with the respect to the as-received annealed glass was noted for the naturally aged series. This reduction was approximated (62-79%) by the artificial aged series. However, a perfect match has yet to be found especially when other fractile values of strength as well as surface roughness data are also taken into account. Nevertheless, in general the SA series were found to perform better than the SC series.
description: Challenging Glass Conference Proceedings, Vol. 5 (2016): Challenging Glass 5
MOESM6 of Familiality of behavioral flexibility and response inhibition deficits in autism spectrum disorder (ASD)
Creators: name: Schmitt, Lauren
name: Bojanek, Erin
name: Stormi White
name: Ragozzino, Michael
name: Cook, Edwin
name: Sweeney, John
name: Mosconi, Matthew
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 6. Non-age adjusted findings.
Visitor Centre ‘Park Groot Vijversburg’
Creators: name: Krijgsman, H.
name: De Krom, D.
Publisher: name: Challenging Glass Conference Proceedings
Year: 2016

description: For the design of the Visitor Centre of ‘Park Groot Vijversburg’ at Tytsjerk, The Netherlands, the limits of structural design are examined, resulting in one of the largest glass bearing structures. The architectural design is by Junya Ishigami and Marieke Kums of Studio Maks. In plan, the shape of the Visitor Centre is as that of a triangle being pulled firmly in three directions while maintaining a central hall. The architectural design exists of a glass façade with roof only. During the design it became clear that it was the architect’s wish not to have any structural elements visible. The critical part of the wings is the cross section, since there is no possibility of adding a lateral resistant element in the section. Using the experience with glass balustrades, the structure is made with clamped glass sheets, that acts like a portal construction. The triangle shape of the main hall is capable of producing lateral support in all directions, just by in-plane actions. The roof structure of steel acts as the diaphragm fixing the triangular shape and distributing the forces to all three sides. By using only the glass façade the load bearing and lateral system is being formed, with simple mechanical principles and use of the spatial effect. All connections are proven techniques in glass balustrades and facades. Combining all these techniques into one building, with no additional structural elements, brings the design of glass structures an important step further. The visitor centre is planned for completion in 2016.
description: Challenging Glass Conference Proceedings, Vol. 5 (2016): Challenging Glass 5
title: Collateral and Credit Supply
Creators: name: Atta-Mensah, Joseph
Publisher: name: Bank of Canada
Year: 2003

description: The author examines the role of collateral in an environment where lenders and borrowers possess identical information and similar beliefs about its future value. Using option-pricing techniques, he shows that a secured loan contract is equivalent to a regular bond and an embedded option to the borrower to default. He finds that the lender will not advance to the borrower a loan that exceeds the market value of the collateral, and that the supply of loans increases with a rise in the market value of the collateral. Increases in the volatility of the value of the collateral, interest rate, and dividend rate of the collateral independently depress the loan supply. The author also derives the cost of a third-party guarantee of a loan and an implied risk premium.
description: L'auteur étudie le rôle des garanties dans un contexte où prêteurs et emprunteurs ont la même information et partagent des attentes semblables quant à la valeur future des garanties. À l'aide de techniques d'évaluation des options, il montre qu'un prêt assorti d'une garantie équivaut à une obligation ordinaire qui comporte une option de défaut de paiement de la part de l'emprunteur. L'auteur constate que les prêteurs ne sont pas disposés à octroyer des prêts d'un montant supérieur à la valeur marchande des garanties et qu'une hausse de cette dernière a pour effet d'accroître l'offre de prêts. À l'inverse, une augmentation de la volatilité de la valeur des garanties, du taux d'intérêt ou du taux de dividende des titres donnés en garantie a une incidence négative sur l'offre de prêts. L'auteur élabore également des formules permettant d'évaluer le coût d'une garantie de prêt offerte par un tiers et la prime de risque implicite.
A unified model of ripples and dunes in water and planetary environments
Creators: name: Vinent, Orencio Duran
name: Andreotti, Bruno
name: Claudin, Philippe
name: Winter, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Subaqueous and aeolian bedforms are ubiquitous on Earth and other planetary environments. However, it is still unclear which hydrodynamical mechanisms lead to the observed variety of morphologies of self-organized natural patterns such as ripples, dunes or compound bedforms. Here we present simulations with a coupled hydrodynamic and sediment transport model that resolve the initial and mature stages of subaqueous and aeolian bedform evolution in the limit of large flow thickness. We identify two types of bedforms consistent with subaqueous ripples and dunes, and separated by a gap in wavelength. This gap is explained in terms of an anomalous hydrodynamic response in the structure of the inner boundary layer that leads to a shift of the position of the maximum shear stress from upstream to downstream of the crest. This anomaly gradually disappears when the bed becomes hydrodynamically rough. By also considering the effect of the spatial relaxation of sediment transport we provide a new unifying framework to compare ripples and dunes in planetary environments to their terrestrial counterparts.
description: 23 pages, 5 figures
On the nature of the ISO-selected sources in the ELAIS S2 region
Creators: name: Pozzi, F.
name: Ciliegi, P.
name: Gruppioni, C.
name: Lari, C.
name: Heraudeau, P.
name: Mignoli, M.
name: Zamorani, G.
name: Calabrese, E.
name: Oliver, S.
name: Rowan-Robinson, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have studied the optical, near-IR and radio properties of a complete sample of 43 sources detected at 15-micron in one of the deeper ELAIS repeatedly observed region. The extragalactic objects in this sample have 15-micron flux densities in the range 0.4-10 mJy, where the source counts start diverging from no evolution models. About 90% of the sources (39 out of 43) have optical counterparts brighter than I=21 mag. Eight of these 39 sources have been identified with stars on the basis of imaging data, while for another 22 sources we have obtained optical spectroscopy, reaching a high identification percentage (30/43, ~70%). All but one of the 28 sources with flux density > 0.7 mJy are identified. Most of the extragalactic objects are normal spiral or starburst galaxies at moderate redshift (z_med~0.2); four objects are Active Galactic Nuclei. We have used the 15-micron, H_alpha and 1.4-GHz luminosities as indicators of star-formation rate and we have compared the results obtained in these three bands. While 1.4-GHz and 15-micron estimates are in good agreement, showing that our galaxies are forming stars at a median rate of ~40 Mo/yr, the raw H_alpha-based estimates are a factor ~5-10 lower and need a mean correction of ~2 mag to be brought on the same scale as the other two indicators. A correction of ~2 mag is consistent with what suggested by the Balmer decrements H_alpha/H_beta and by the optical colours. Moreover, it is intermediate between the correction found locally for normal spirals and the correction needed for high-luminosity 15-micron objects, suggesting that the average extinction suffered by galaxies increases with infrared luminosity.
description: 19 pages, 11 figures (3 in JPEG format), MNRAS, accepted
title: The Macroeconomic Effects of Military Buildups in a New Neoclassical Synthesis Framework
Creators: name: Paquet, Alain
name: Phaneuf, Louis
name: Rebei, Nooman
Publisher: name: Bank of Canada
Year: 2003

description: The authors study the macroeconomic consequences of large military buildups using a New Neoclassical Synthesis (NNS) approach that combines nominal rigidities within imperfectly competitive goods and labour markets. They show that the predictions of the NNS framework generally are consistent with the sign, timing, and magnitude of how hours worked, after-tax real wages, and output actually respond to an upsurge in military purchases. The key factors leading to these findings are: (i) variations in the ratio of price to marginal cost resulting from nominal-price inflexibilities, (ii) staggered nominal-wage setting, and (iii) time-varying marginal tax rates. Unlike the standard neoclassical model, the NNS framework successfully explains the macroeconomic effects of military buildups when taxes are distortionary.
description: Les auteurs étudient l'incidence macroéconomique d'un essor des dépenses militaires à l'aide d'un modèle de la nouvelle synthèse néoclassique qui allie des rigidités nominales à une situation de concurrence monopolistique sur les marchés des biens et du travail. Ils constatent que les prévisions de ce modèle concernant le sens, le moment et l'ampleur de la réaction du nombre d'heures travaillées, du salaire réel disponible et de la production à une poussée des dépenses militaires sont conformes à la réalité. Leurs conclusions s'appuient principalement sur le fait que : i) l'inflexibilité des prix nominaux entraîne des variations du ratio du prix au coût marginal; ii) les contrats fixant les salaires nominaux sont échelonnés dans le temps; iii) les taux marginaux d'imposition peuvent varier d'une période à l'autre. Contrairement au modèle néoclassique habituel, celui de la nouvelle synthèse néoclassique explique de façon satisfaisante les effets macroéconomiques de l'accroissement des dépenses militaires lorsqu'il y a distorsion fiscale.
title: Un modèle « PAC » d'analyse et de prévision des dépenses des ménages américains
Creators: name: Gosselin, Marc-André
name: Lalonde, René
Publisher: name: Bank of Canada
Year: 2003

description: Traditional structural models cannot distinguish whether changes in activity are a function of altered expectations today or lagged responses to past plans. Polynomial-adjustment-cost (PAC) models remove this ambiguity by explicitly separating observed dynamic behaviour into movements that have been induced by changes in expectations, and responses to expectations, that have been delayed because of adjustment costs. In these models, agents' decisions are a function of forecasts of a desired level for the decision variable and, owing to frictions, this level is reached only gradually. In this paper, the authors use PAC models to analyze and forecast U.S. household spending. They find that the estimated models are rather rich from a theoretical and dynamic view-point. For example, the authors find that household spending is a function of forward-looking expectations, short- and long-term interest rates, human and non-human wealth, liquidity constraints, and uncertainty with respect to future business cycles. Moreover, out-of-sample forecasts and stability tests show that this theoretical structure is not added at the expense of the model's empirical features.
Bend, Blur, Color, Pour: Glass and Identity in Architecture
Creators: name: Neutelings, W.-J.
Publisher: name: Challenging Glass Conference Proceedings
Year: 2016

description: In contemporary architecture, glass often takes the pretentious role of something that is absent, a fully transparent, non-existent material where one can look right trough. However, a mute material that says "I'm not there" refuses to establish a relationship with the people that live in the building. This might be one of the reasons people often feel alienated in contemporary buildings. Neutelings Riedijk Architects follow a radical opposite path. In their projects they bend, blur color, or pour glass to make it a robust and characteristic material. A glass that tells stories, that obstructs the view, that speaks to the visitors. These interventions give a specific identity to a building. It involves the development of new glass production techniques and intense collaborations with artists, as demonstrated in public buildings such as Beeld en Geluid in Hilversum or the MAS Museum in Antwerp.
description: Challenging Glass Conference Proceedings, Vol. 5 (2016): Challenging Glass 5
Strong polarization of individual nuclear spins weakly coupled to nitrogen-vacancy color centers in diamond
Creators: name: Yun, Jiwon
name: Kim, Kiho
name: Kim, Dohun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We experimentally demonstrate high degree of polarization of 13C nuclear spins weakly interacting with nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond. We combine coherent microwave excitation pulses with optical illumination to provide controlled relaxation and achieve a polarity-tunable, fast nuclear polarization of degree higher than 85% at room temperature for remote 13C nuclear spins exhibiting hyperfine interaction strength with NV centers of the order of 600 kHz. We show with the aid of numerical simulation that the anisotropic hyperfine tensor components naturally provide a route to control spin mixing parameter so that highly efficient nuclear polarization is enabled through careful tuning of nuclear quantization axis by external magnetic field. We further discuss spin dynamics and wide applicability of this method to various target 13C nuclear spins around the NV center electron spin. The proposed control method demonstrates an efficient and versatile route to realize, for example, high-fidelity spin register initialization and quantum metrology using nuclear spin resources in solids.
title: An Index of Financial Stress for Canada
Creators: name: Illing, Mark
name: Liu, Ying
Publisher: name: Bank of Canada
Year: 2003

description: The authors develop an index of financial stress for the Canadian financial system. Stress is defined as the force exerted on economic agents by uncertainty and changing expectations of loss in financial markets and institutions. It is a continuous variable with a spectrum of values, where extreme values are called financial crises. Information about financial stress is extracted from a wide array of financial variables using several techniques, including factor analysis, econometric benchmarking, and generalized autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity (GARCH) modelling. An internal Bank of Canada survey is used to condition the choice of variables and to evaluate their ability to reflect the responses to the survey regarding highly stressful financial events. The authors show that alternative measures of financial crises suggested by the literature do not accurately reflect the results of the survey, while several measures developed in this paper do reflect them.
description: Les auteurs élaborent un indice de stress financier pour le système financier canadien. Le stress est défini comme la tension ressentie par les agents économiques du fait de l'incertitude et des modifications des attentes de pertes dans les institutions et les marchés financiers. Il se présente comme un continuum prenant toute une série de valeurs et dont les extrêmes sont appelés crises financières. L'information au sujet du stress financier est extraite d'un large éventail de variables financières à l'aide de plusieurs méthodes, dont l'analyse factorielle, l'étalonnage économétrique et le recours à des modèles autorégressifs conditionnellement hétéroscédastiques généralisés (GARCH). Le choix des variables examinées s'inspire d'une enquête interne que la Banque du Canada a menée pour déterminer quels événements ont occasionné le plus de stress au système financier canadien. Les auteurs évaluent ensuite la capacité de ces variables à refléter les réponses données à l'enquête. Ils montrent que les divers indices proposés dans la littérature ne sont pas satisfaisants, alors que plusieurs de leurs propres mesures donnent de bons résultats.
Glass Structures & Engineering Papers
Creators: name: Glass, Challenging
Publisher: name: Challenging Glass Conference Proceedings
Year: 2016

description: Related papers are separately and independently published at Glass Structures & Engineering (Springer) and are available at https://link.springer.com/journal/40940/1/1/page/1.
description: Challenging Glass Conference Proceedings, Vol. 5 (2016): Challenging Glass 5
Western Europe's Beef Production, Consumption, and Trade: Situation and Outlook
Creators: name: Phillips, Donald M.
name: Lovfald, Lorin O.
name: Friend, Reed E.
name: Phillips, Donald M.
name: Lovfald, Lorin O.
name: Friend, Reed E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1974
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: Beef
subject: Veal
subject: Western Europe
subject: Production
subject: Consumption
subject: Exports
subject: Imports
subject: Forecasts

description: A conservative forecast of a 10- percent increase in 1974 West European beef and veal production (with continued depressed consumption) would result in more than a 650,000-metric ton fall in the net import requirements of the region. Beef production could easily go higher, equaling or even exceeding consumption. Outside suppliers--mainly Latin America, Eastern Europe, and to a lesser extent, Oceania--will likely bear the brunt of this decline in imports, as actions by the West European countries to end the meat "glut" have been characterized by import embargoes, levies, and tariffs and restrictive import licensing. As suppliers seek to divert exports, the U.S. market will receive increased pressure. However, sanitary and health regulations will prohibit the major suppliers of the West European market from shipping fresh, chilled, or frozen beef to the United States. Only cooked beef is allowed. The 1974 surge in beef production in Western Europe results from the large herd buildup over the past 2 years, which was stimulated by improved profitability in the dairy sector and a jump in beef prices. Production forecasts for 1974 will not cut significantly into herd size, so high production levels can be expected to continue into 1975 and 1976.
Conference Sponsors
Creators: name: Glass, Challenging
Publisher: name: Challenging Glass Conference Proceedings
Year: 2016

description: Platinum Sponsor: Saint-Gobain Gold Sponsors: Dow - Eastman - GlasStress - Kuraray - Sedak - Sika - Tuchschmid Silver Sponsor: Eckersley O'Callaghan
description: Challenging Glass Conference Proceedings, Vol. 5 (2016): Challenging Glass 5
A Positivity Theorem for Gravitational Tension in Brane Spacetimes
Creators: name: Traschen, Jennie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study transverse asymptotically flat spacetimes without horizons that arise from brane matter sources. We assume that asymptotically there is a spatial translation Killing vector that is tangent to the brane. Such spacetimes are characterized by a tension, analogous to the ADM mass, which is a gravitational charge associated with the asymptotic spatial translation Killing vector. Using spinor techniques, we prove that the purely gravitational contribution to the spacetime tension is positive definite.
description: 8+1 pages
Additional file 1 of Identification of X-chromosomal genes that drive sex differences in embryonic stem cells through a hierarchical CRISPR screening approach
Creators: name: Genolet, Oriana
name: Monaco, Anna A.
name: Dunkel, Ilona
name: Boettcher, Michael
name: Schulz, Edda G.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Identification of X-chromosomal MAPK regulators through a pooled CRISPR knockout screen. Figure S2. Secondary CRISPR screens profiling pluripotency factors, differentiation kinetics and Mek phosphorylation. Figure S3. Sex differences in embryonic stem cells and mouse embryos. Figure S4. Perturbation of Klhl13 and Dusp9 in mESCs. Figure S5. Heterozygous mutations of Klhl13 and Dusp9 in female mESCs partially phenocopy the male pluripotency state. Figure S6. Identification of Klhl13 target proteins that mediate its effect on pluripotency and differentiation. Figure S7. Effects of putative Klhl13 targets proteins on MAPK target gene and pluripotency factor expression.