cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Does Corporate Governance Improve Financial Performance? Empirical Evidence from Africa Listed Consumer Retailing Companies
Creators: name: Yahaya, Onipe Adabenege
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 150101 Accounting Theory and Standards
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: The role of corporate governance (CEO duality, high concentration of ownership, diverse board membership, a sizable board, an independent audit committee, and regular board meetings) in boosting financial performance at firms is investigated. Over a period of 10 years, 49 consumer retailing companies listed on the West, East, and Southern African Stock Exchanges were subjected to a fixed effect model following a Hausman Specification Test for 2012-2021. There were four proxies for financial performance: two accounting metrics (Return on Assets and Return on Equity) and two market metrics (Tobin's Q and Market Capitalization). The findings show that having a larger board and a CEO duality is positively correlated with financial results. However, the results did not show any correlation between the frequency of audit committee meetings and improved financial results. Greater board and audit committee independence may be reevaluated for relevance to firm financial performance by regulators and policymakers.
Imaging polarimetry of Comet C/2012 L2 (LINEAR)
Creators: name: DebRoy, P.
name: Das, H. S.
name: Medhi, Biman J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the polarimetric results and analysis of comet C/2012 L2 (LINEAR) observed at 31$^\circ$.1 phase angle before perihelion passage. The observations of the comet were carried out using ARIES Imaging Polarimeter (AIMPOL) mounted on the 1.04-m Sampurnanand telescope of ARIES, Nainital, India on 11 and 12 March, 2013 using R photometric band ($λ$ = 630 nm, $Δ$$λ$ =120nm). The extended coma of the comet ($\sim65000$ km) shows a significant variation in the intensity as well as polarization profile in all considered directions which suggest that the dust particles originate from the active areas of the nucleus. The elongation of the coma is prominent along the Sun-comet position angle. The polarization of Comet C/2012 L2 (LINEAR) does not show steep radial dependence on the aperture size during both the nights of observation. A jet extended in the antisolar direction is well observed in both intensity and polarization map.
description: 21 pages, 4 figures, Accepted in Icarus on July 2, 2014
Constraints on models for the Higgs boson with exotic spin and parity in $\boldsymbol{VH\rightarrow Vb\bar{b}}$ final states
Creators: name: D0 Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present constraints on models containing non-standard model values for the spin $J$ and parity $P$ of the Higgs boson, $H$, in up to 9.7~fb$^{-1}$ of $p\bar{p}$ collisions at $\sqrt{s} = $ 1.96~TeV collected with the D0 detector at the Fermilab Tevatron Collider. These are the first studies of Higgs boson $J^{P}$ with fermions in the final state. In the $ZH\rightarrow \ell\ell b\bar{b}$, $WH\rightarrow \ellνb\bar{b}$, and $ZH\rightarrow ννb\bar{b}$ final states, we compare the standard model (SM) Higgs boson prediction, $J^{P}=0^{+}$, with two alternative hypotheses, $J^{P}=0^{-}$ and $J^{P}=2^{+}$. We use a likelihood ratio to quantify the degree to which our data are incompatible with non-SM $J^{P}$ predictions for a range of possible production rates. Assuming that the production rate in the signal models considered is equal to the SM prediction, we reject the $J^{P}=0^{-}$ and $J^{P}=2^{+}$ hypotheses at the 97.6$\%$ CL and at the 99.0$\%$ CL, respectively. The expected exclusion sensitivity for a $J^{P}=0^{-}$ ($J^{P}=2^{+}$) state is at the 99.86$\%$ (99.94$\%$) CL. Under the hypothesis that our data is the result of a combination of the SM-like Higgs boson and either a $J^{P}=0^{-}$ or a $J^{P}=2^{+}$ signal, we exclude a $J^{P}=0^{-}$ fraction above 0.80 and a $J^{P}=2^{+}$ fraction above 0.67 at the 95$\%$ CL. The expected exclusion covers $J^{P}=0^{-}$ ($J^{P}=2^{+}$) fractions above 0.54 (0.47).
description: 13 Figures, 3 Tables, 19 pages. Accepted by Phys. Rev. Lett
Twelve-dimensional Effective Action and T-duality
Creators: name: Choi, Kang-Sin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a twelve-dimensional supergravity action, which describes low energy dynamics of F-theory. Dimensional reduction leads the theory to eleven-dimensional, IIA, and IIB supergravities. Self-duality of the four-form field in IIB supergravity is understood. It is necessary to abandon twelve-dimensional Poincare symmetry by making one dimension compact, which is to be decompactified in some region of parameter space, such that the physical degrees of freedom are the same as those of eleven-dimensional supergravity. This makes T-duality explicit as a relation between different compactification schemes.
description: 5 pages, xy
SWIRRL: Software for Interactive and Reproducible Research Labs
Creators: name: Spinuso, Alessandro
name: Neut, Ian Van Der
name: Verhoef, Hans
name: Wagenaar, Saskia
name: Striewski, Friedrich
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: notebooks
reproducibility
gateways
API
provenance

description: SWIRRL is a webservice API that allows Science Gateways to easily integrate reproducible data analysis and visualisation tools in their websites and re-purpose them to their users. Abstract presented at the International Workshop on Science Gateways 2020.
Magnetic ordered structure dependence of magnetic refrigeration efficiency
Creators: name: Tamura, Ryo
name: Tanaka, Shu
name: Ohno, Takahisa
name: Kitazawa, Hideaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have investigated the relation between magnetic ordered structure and magnetic refrigeration efficiency in the Ising model on a simple cubic lattice using Monte Carlo simulations. The magnetic entropy behaviors indicate that the protocol, which was first proposed in [Appl. Phys. Lett. {\bf 104}, 052415 (2014).], can produce the maximum isothermal magnetic entropy change and the maximum adiabatic temperature change in antiferromagnets. Furthermore, the total amount of heat transfer under the proposed protocol reaches a maximum. The relation between measurable physical quantities and magnetic refrigeration efficiency is also discussed.
description: 13 pages, 12 figures, Supporting materials are available via the Journal of Applied Physics website at ftp://ftp.aip.org/epaps/journ_appl_phys/E-JAPIAU-116-016430
Two-fluid turbulence including electron inertia
Creators: name: Andrés, Nahuel
name: Gonzalez, Carlos
name: Martin, Luis
name: Dmitruk, Pablo
name: Gómez, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a full two-fluid magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) description for a completely ionized hydrogen plasma, retaining the effects of the Hall current, electron pressure and electron inertia. According to this description, each plasma species introduces a new spatial scale: the ion inertial length $λ_{i}$ and the electron inertial length $λ_{e}$, which are not present in the traditional MHD description. In the present paper, we seek for possible changes in the energy power spectrum in fully developed turbulent regimes, using numerical simulations of the two-fluid equations in two-and-a-half dimensions (2.5D). We have been able to reproduce different scaling laws in different spectral ranges, as it has been observed in the solar wind for the magnetic energy spectrum. At the smallest wavenumbers where plain MHD is valid, we obtain an inertial range following a Kolmogorov $k^{-5/3}$ law. For intermediate wavenumbers such that $λ_{i}^{-1} << k << λ_{e}^{-1}$, the spectrum is modified to a $k^{-7/3}$ power-law, as has also been obtained for Hall-MHD (HMHD) neglecting electron inertia terms. When electron inertia is retained, a new spectral region given by $k > λ_{e}^{-1}$ arises. The power spectrum for magnetic energy in this region is given by a $k^{-11/3}$ power law. Finally, when the terms of electron inertia are retained, we study the self-consistent electric field. Our results are discussed and compared with those obtained in solar wind observations and previous simulations.
Ground State Degeneracy of Topological Phases on Open Surfaces
Creators: name: Hung, Ling-Yan
name: Wan, Yidun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We relate the ground state degeneracy (GSD) of a non-Abelian topological phase on a surface with boundaries to the anyon condensates that break the topological phase to a trivial phase. Specifically, we propose that gapped boundary conditions of the surface are in one-to-one correspondence to the sets of condensates, each being able to completely break the phase, and we substantiate this by examples. The GSD resulting from a particular boundary condition coincides with the number of confined topological sectors due to the corresponding condensation. These lead to a generalization of the Laughlin-Wu-Tao (LWT) charge-pumping argument for Abelian fractional quantum Hall states (FQHS) to encompass non-Abelian topological phases, in the sense that an anyon loop of a confined anyon winding a non-trivial cycle can pump a condensate from one boundary to another. Such generalized pumping may find applications in quantum control of anyons, eventually realizing topological quantum computation.
description: 5+2 pages, 4 figures, 1 table, (almost) the journal version
Beyond 1 Million Genomes (B1MG) D6.5 Project Handbook - 3v0 - final version and lessons learnt
Creators: name: Coutts, Nikki
name: Arenas Marquez, Juan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Beyond 1 Million Genomes
B1MG
1+ Million Genomes Initiative
1+MG
Project Handbook

description: This report provides an overview of the development of the second version of the B1MG Project Handbook.
The project handbook follows the Open PM² best practices to provide the board members andthe project participants with a clear definition of their roles and responsibilities as well as the relevant processes and assets the project will use to ensure contractual commitments in the Grant Agreement are delivered on time and within the scope and budget and with the expected level of quality.
Loop Equation Analysis of the Circular $ β$ Ensembles
Creators: name: Witte, N. S.
name: Forrester, P. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 15B52, 28C10, 47A10, 60J65, 42A05

description: We construct a hierarchy of loop equations for invariant circular ensembles. These are valid for general classes of potentials and for arbitrary inverse temperatures $ {\rm Re}\,β>0 $ and number of eigenvalues $ N $. Using matching arguments for the resolvent functions of linear statistics $ f(ζ)=(ζ+z)/(ζ-z) $ in a particular asymptotic regime, the global regime, we systematically develop the corresponding large $ N $ expansion and apply this solution scheme to the Dyson circular ensemble. Currently we can compute the second resolvent function to ten orders in this expansion and also its general Fourier coefficient or moment $ m_{k} $ to an equivalent length. The leading large $ N $, large $ k $, $ k/N $ fixed form of the moments can be related to the small wave-number expansion of the structure function in the bulk, scaled Dyson circular ensemble, known from earlier work. From the moment expansion we conjecture some exact partial fraction forms for the low $ k $ moments. For all of the forgoing results we have made a comparison with the exactly soluble cases of $ β= 1,2,4 $, general $ N $ and even, positive $ β$, $ N=2,3 $.
description: 43 pages, 1 figure. Additions to Sections 1,2,4 and 5, plus a new concluding Section 6 with extra references
Differentiable Rigidity for quasiperiodic cocycles in compact Lie groups
Creators: name: Karaliolios, Nikolaos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37C55

description: We study close-to-constants quasiperiodic cocycles in $\mathbb{T} ^{d} \times G$, where $d \in \mathbb{N} ^{*} $ and $G$ is a compact Lie group, under the assumption that the rotation in the basis satisfies a Diophantine condition. We prove differentiable rigidity for such cocycles: if such a cocycle is measurably conjugate to a constant one satisfying a Diophantine condition with respect to the rotation, then it is $C^{\infty}$-conjugate to it, and the K.A.M. scheme actually produces a conjugation. We also derive a global differentiable rigidity theorem, assuming the convergence of the renormalization scheme for such dynamical systems.
description: 16 pages. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1407.4763
Electrochemical Immobilisation of Glucose Oxidase for the Controlled Production of H2O2 in a Biocatalytic Flow Reactor
Creators: name: Arshi, Simin
name: Xiao, Xinxin
name: Belochapkine, Serguei
name: MAGNER, EDMOND
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Chemical sciences
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Electrochemical methods can be used to selectively modify the surfaces of electrodes, enabling the immobilisation of enzymes on defined areas on the surfaces of electrodes. Such selective immobilisation methods can be used to pattern catalysts on surfaces in a controlled manner. Using this approach, the selective patterning of the enzyme glucose oxidase on the electrodes was used to develop a flow reactor for the controlled delivery of the oxidant H2O2. GOx was immobilised on a glassy carbon electrode using polypyrrole, silica films, and diazonium linkers. The rate of production of H2O2 and the stability of the response was dependent on the immobilisation method.
chicago seo consulting
Creators: name: Bosten, Alex
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: digital marketing, internet marketing,

description: seo chicago il, Watch your sales soar by taking advantage of the truth-value social media brings to the table. We’re talking a few social media strategy that generates revenue, not just the ‘smoke and mirrors’ of being ‘popular’. It’s about quite just posting and forgetting
Removing the gauge parameter dependence of the effective potential by a field redefinition
Creators: name: Nielsen, N. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The gauge parameter dependence of the effective potential is determined by partial differential equations involving also the Higgs boson field expectation value. Solving these equations by the method of characteristics leads to complete elimination of the gauge parameter dependence of the effective potential. The construction is carried out in the case of the standard model of electroweak unification for the renormalization group improved effective potential up to the next-leading logarithmic order.
description: 17 pages
Junior Management Science, Bd. 7 Nr. 4 (2022)
Creators: name: Junior Management Science
Publisher: name: Junior Management Science
Year: 2022

description: Innovation Performance in Healthcare M&A: An Empirical Analysis...1164-1192 Bilanzierung von Spielerwerten im deutschen Profi-Fußball – Eine kritische Analyse der handelsrechtlichen Vorschriften...1147-1163 Die Rolle der Selbstaufwertung beim Einsatz von Statusanreizen im Vertrieb...1133-1146 Digital Innovation in Corporations: Deriving a Practical Framework for the Measurement of Success of Digital Innovation Units...1098-1132 Die Organisation der Produktionsarbeit der Zukunft – Anforderungen und technische Lösungsansätze...1032-1097 Digitalisierung in der Finanzberichterstattung – Folgen und Konsequenzen für den Einsatz des neuen Mediums...1001-1031 One User – Two Viewpoints? An Examination of Information Privacy Concerns from the Employee and Consumer Perspective...986-1000 The Idiosyncratic Volatility Puzzle – Anomaly or Data Mining?...945-985 Die normalisierende Macht der Digitalisierung in der Arbeitswelt – Eine Analyse nach Michel Foucaults Machttheorie...932-944 Moderation in Marketinganwendungen von Partial Least Squares Strukturgleichungsmodellierungen (PLS-SEM)...899-931 Exploring How Macroeconomic Factors Affect REITs and Evaluating Its Downside Risk – Empirical Evidence From China and the US...874-898
A holographic proof of the averaged null energy condition
Creators: name: Kelly, William R.
name: Wall, Aron C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The averaged null energy conditions (ANEC) states that, along a complete null curve, the negative energy fluctuations of a quantum field must be balanced by positive energy fluctuations. We use the AdS/CFT correspondence to prove the ANEC for a class of strongly coupled conformal field theories in flat spacetime. A violation of the ANEC in the field theory would lead to acausal propagation of signals in the bulk.
description: 13 pages, 1 figure. v4: corrected an error in the proof, results remain unchanged, v3: added additional references along with minor editorial changes, v2: added additional references and acknowledgments
Promises and Pitfalls of Translating Political Texts into Data
Creators: name: Souris, Antonios
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Federalism
Parliamentary Debates
Content Analysis
Automated Text Analysis

description: Using parliamentary debates as a case study, the poster presents the promises and pitfalls researchers face when translating political texts into data. The poster is part of the research project „Political cohesion under conditions of fiscal scarcity – German federalism in the time of COVID-19“ funded by VolkswagenStiftung (project 2021000121).
Parallelized event chain algorithm for dense hard sphere and polymer systems
Creators: name: Kampmann, Tobias Alexander
name: Boltz, Horst-Holger
name: Kierfeld, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We combine parallelization and cluster Monte Carlo for hard sphere systems and present a parallelized event chain algorithm for the hard disk system in two dimensions. For parallelization we use a spatial partitioning approach into simulation cells. We find that it is crucial for correctness to ensure detailed balance on the level of Monte Carlo sweeps by drawing the starting sphere of event chains within each simulation cell with replacement. We analyze the performance gains for the parallelized event chain and find a criterion for an optimal degree of parallelization. Because of the cluster nature of event chain moves massive parallelization will not be optimal. Finally, we discuss first applications of the event chain algorithm to dense polymer systems, i.e., bundle-forming solutions of attractive semiflexible polymers.
description: appears in J. Comput. Phys. (2014)
Fracturing and seismicity of the lithosphere and goals of computer modeling
Creators: name: Sherman S., I.
Publisher: name: Физическая мезомеханика
Year: 2004

description: Seismicity within tectonically active territories is controlled by zones of recent fracturing of the lithosphere. Being composed by seismically active faults of various hierarchic ranks, these zones are structures of the highest hierarchic level; they have a "tree-like" shape pattern in a vertical cross-section and complex fracturing patterns on the surface. As exemplified by the Baikal rift system, the report discusses methods to identify the zone of recent fracturing of the lithosphere and regularities of seismic process at faults of various ranks that compose the zone. Seismic process in the zone is a complex manifestation of spatial and temporal migration of earthquake epicenters of various magnitudes in areas of dynamic influence of faults of various ranks in the zone of recent fracturing of the lithosphere [1]. Modern computer modeling methods provide for revealing complex space-and-time regularities of the process as a whole within the seismic zone. Structural and physical parameters of the lithosphere, faults and seismicity, which should be taken into account in computer modeling of seismic process, are considered. The research was supported by the RAS Presidium Program 13 (Project 12), the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (grant 04-05-64348), Integration Project of the SB RAS, No. 2003-101, and the Ministry of Education (grant E02-8-45).
Formation of hard extensive surface layers by aluminium alloying of structural and tool steels in a low-pressure arc discharge plasma
Creators: name: Strumilova N., V.
name: Koval N., N.
name: Lopatin I., V.
Publisher: name: Физическая мезомеханика
Year: 2004

description: Investigations of surface modification of structural and tool steels treated in low-pressure arc discharges plasmas have been carried out. The complex treatment in single vacuum cycle involved a sequence of operations: ion cleaning of the surface and heating the sample, diffusion surface alloying with aluminum and nitriding. The sample temperature was not over 620 °C at all stages of the process and the total time of treatment was approximately 3 hr. The structure, phase and element constitution, and microhardness of the surface layer have been investigated. It has been established that the significant increase in microhardness from 200-250 in the original state to 1000-1300 kgf/mm2 in the modified layer after complex diffusion saturation in an arc discharge is due to the formation of iron nitride containing dispersed particles of aluminum nitride. This work was partly supported by the Ministry of Industry, Science and Technology in Russia, Contract No. 40.030.11.1125, the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation and the U.S. Civilian Research and Development Foundation, Grant No. TO-016-02.
Scalar field excited around a rapidly rotating black hole in Chern-Simons modified gravity
Creators: name: Konno, Kohkichi
name: Takahashi, Rohta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss a Chern-Simons (CS) scalar field around a rapidly rotating black hole in dynamical CS modified gravity. The CS correction can be obtained perturbatively by considering the Kerr spacetime to be the background. We obtain the CS scalar field solution around the black hole analytically and numerically, assuming a stationary and axisymmetric configuration. The scalar field diverges on the inner horizon when we impose the boundary condition that the scalar field is regular on the outer horizon and vanishes at infinity. Therefore, the CS scalar field becomes problematic on the inner horizon.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures; Revised version, accepted for publication in PRD
Warm inflation in the presence of magnetic fields
Creators: name: Piccinelli, Gabriella
name: Sanchez, Angel
name: Ayala, Alejandro
name: Mizher, Ana Julia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effects of primordial magnetic fields on the inflationary potential in the context of a warm inflation scenario. The model, based on global supersymmetry with a new-inflation-type potential and a coupling between the inflaton and a heavy intermediate superfield, is already known to preserve the flatness required for slow-roll conditions even after including thermal contributions. Here we show that the magnetic field makes the potential even flatter, retarding the transition and rendering it smoother.
description: 13 pages, 10 figures. References added and discussion expanded. Version to be published in PRD
On interpreting Patterson--Sullivan measures of geometrically finite groups as Hausdorff and packing measures
Creators: name: Simmons, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We provide a new proof of a theorem whose proof was sketched by Sullivan ('82), namely that if the Poincaré exponent of a geometrically finite Kleinian group $G$ is strictly between its minimal and maximal cusp ranks, then the Patterson--Sullivan measure of $G$ is not proportional to the Hausdorff or packing measure of any gauge function. This disproves a conjecture of Stratmann ('97, '06).
Twisting singular solutions of Bethe's equations
Creators: name: Nepomechie, Rafael I.
name: Wang, Chunguang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Bethe equations for the periodic XXX and XXZ spin chains admit singular solutions, for which the corresponding eigenvalues and eigenvectors are ill-defined. We use a twist regularization to derive conditions for such singular solutions to be physical, in which case they correspond to genuine eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the Hamiltonian.
description: 10 pages; v2: references added; v3: introduction expanded, and more references added
Preventing marine plastic pollution through citizen science while promoting public stewardship of aquatic environments.
Creators: name: Galgani, Luisa
name: Loiselle, Steven A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: plastic pollution,
citizen science
aquatic environments

description: Plastics waste is a global emerging threat for aquatic ecosystems, ubiquitous in rivers, lakes and marine areas, where about 8 million metric tons of plastic debris end up every year. It is estimated that 80% of marine debris has land based origins, transported to the sea by rivers and sewage. By comparison, the amount of plastics released into freshwater and terrestrial environments is likely to be much higher as these provide the main transport pathways to the marine environment. As an example, in the Mediterranean Sea, terrestrial debris represent 94%, of which 95% consists of macro and micro plastic litter. However, relatively little is known about the abundance and sources of this anthropogenic litter. This information is fundamental to determine its impact and to identify successful mitigation strategies prior to its arrival in our waters. Importantly, while the scientific community (including ourselves) is dedicating much effort on the impacts of plastic on marine and in general, aquatic ecosystems, the problem of plastic pollution needs to be tackled on land. We present here a citizen-science project aimed at promoting public stewardship of local aquatic resources, quantifying the type and quantity of plastic entering our rivers with the aim of reducing the amount of plastic reaching our seas. Efforts to solve the plastic problem require a partnered approach between research institutions, municipalities, educational institutions and citizens, achievable through citizen science. Focusing on the connectivity of all aquatic ecosystems in the emerging challenge of plastic debris in the hydrosphere, we present recent research activity and the efforts of the community of citizen scientists monitoring local water bodies for anthropogenic litter presence and composition.
The Subaru high-z quasar survey: discovery of faint z~6 quasars
Creators: name: Kashikawa, Nobunari
name: Ishizaki, Yoshifumi
name: Willott, Chris J.
name: Onoue, Masafusa
name: Im, Myungshin
name: Furusawa, Hisanori
name: Toshikawa, Jun
name: Ishikawa, Shogo
name: Niino, Yuu
name: Shimasaku, Kazuhiro
name: Ouchi, Masami
name: Hibon, Pascale
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the discovery of one or two extremely faint z~6 quasars in 6.5 deg^2 utilizing a unique capability of the wide-field imaging of the Subaru/Suprime-Cam. The quasar selection was made in (i'-z_B) and (z_B-z_R) colors, where z_B and z_R are bandpasses with central wavelengths of 8842A and 9841A, respectively. The color selection can effectively isolate quasars at z~6 from M/L/T dwarfs without the J-band photometry down to z_R<24.0, which is 3.5 mag. deeper than SDSS. We have selected 17 promising quasar candidates. The follow-up spectroscopy for seven targets identified one apparent quasar at z=6.156 with M_1450=-23.10. We also identified one possible quasar at z=6.041 with a faint continuum of M_1450=-22.58 and a narrow Lyman-alpha emission with HWHM=427 km/s, which cannot be distinguished from Lyman-alpha emitters. We derive the quasar luminosity function at z~6 by combining our faint quasar sample with the bright quasar samples by SDSS and CFHQS. Including our data points invokes a higher number density in the faintest bin of the quasar luminosity function than the previous estimate employed. This suggests a steeper faint-end slope than lower-z, though it is yet uncertain based on a small number of spectroscopically identified faint quasars and several quasar candidates are still remain to be diagnosed. The steepening of the quasar luminosity function at the faint-end does increase the expected emission rate of the ionizing photon, however, it only changes by a factor of ~2-6. This was found to be still insufficient for the required photon budget of reionization at z~6.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures. Accepted for publication in ApJ
title: Theater (und Kunst) als „Ausstellung“. Ein langer Abschied vom Kultus
Creators: name: Massalongo, Milena
Publisher: name: Trier University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Exhibiting
Exposing
Exhibition Space
Exhibition Value
Forbidden Space
Enchanted Space
Walter Benjamin
Bertolt Brecht

description: Walter Benjamin’s formulation about epic theater is well-known: Brecht succeeds in turning the theater from a “Bannraum” sort of spell room, into a “conveniently located exhibition space.” The epic playwright draws on “the great old opportunity of the theater in a new way – on the exposure of what is present.” Whether consciously quoting Benjamin or not, the words “exhibition” and “exposure” are often used by theater makers and scholars to reinforce the seriousness either of the act of showing or of the shown object. If something is being exhibited and not simply represented, the stress lies on the attempt to have an effect: to have consequences beyond the aesthetical as-if-frame. “Exhibition” and “exposure” seem first to recur with a precise and alternative sense in Benjamin, in Brecht and in the Russian avantgarde regisseur and author S. Tretiakov, who became a friend of Brecht in the 1920s. What they understand by “exhibition” seems to be something very specific, not a mere metaphor, rather an operational term. Benjamin uses it in various texts and different formulas (as, for example, the famous and enigmatic „Ausstellungswert“, or “exposition-value”, combined with “cult-value”, in a kind of historical dialectic of the work of art). But the concept of aura and its agony generally steal the show, while the concepts of „Ausstellen“ and „Ausstellungswert“ are often misunderstood according to our current idea of “exposition” from the context of museums, galleries and exhibitions, and according to our experience of “absolute visibility” as a paradigm of modern life (Agamben 2005). This easy to misunderstand, difficult to grasp “exposition-value” seems to name a different experience and an innovative chance that resides in modern reproducibility. Its difference could be not only relevant for theater and its history as an art form, but also for theater intended as a dimension and opportunity of social practice.
Cosmological perturbations in Hybrid Loop Quantum Cosmology: Mukhanov-Sasaki variables
Creators: name: Gomar, Laura Castelló
name: Fernández-Méndez, Mikel
name: Marugán, Guillermo A. Mena
name: Olmedo, Javier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study cosmological perturbations in the framework of Loop Quantum Cosmology, using a hybrid quantization approach and Mukhanov-Sasaki variables. The formulation in terms of these gauge invariants allows one to clarify the independence of the results on choices of gauge and facilitates the comparison with other approaches proposed to deal with cosmological perturbations in the context of Loop Quantum Theory. A kind of Born-Oppenheimer ansatz is employed to extract the dynamics of the inhomogeneous perturbations, separating them from the degrees of freedom of the Friedmann-Robertson-Walker geometry. With this ansatz, we derive an approximate Schrödinger equation for the cosmological perturbations and study its range of validity. We also prove that, with an alternate factor ordering, the dynamics deduced for the perturbations is similar to the one found in the so-called "dressed metric approach", apart from a possible scaling of the matter field in order to preserve its unitary evolution in the regime of Quantum Field Theory in a curved background and some quantization prescription issues. Finally, we obtain the effective equations that are naturally associated with the Mukhanov-Sasaki variables, both with and without introducing the Born-Oppenheimer ansatz, and with the different factor orderings that we have studied.
description: 45 pages. Minor corrections and typos. Bibliography updated
SOPHIE velocimetry of Kepler transit candidates XII. KOI-1257 b: a highly eccentric three-month period transiting exoplanet
Creators: name: Santerne, A.
name: Hébrard, G.
name: Deleuil, M.
name: Havel, M.
name: Correia, A. C. M.
name: Almenara, J. -M.
name: Alonso, R.
name: Arnold, L.
name: Barros, S. C. C.
name: Behrend, R.
name: Bernasconi, L.
name: Boisse, I.
name: Bonomo, A. S.
name: Bouchy, F.
name: Bruno, G.
name: Damiani, C.
name: Díaz, R. F.
name: Gravallon, D.
name: Guillot, T.
name: Labrevoir, O.
name: Montagnier, G.
name: Moutou, C.
name: Rinner, C.
name: Santos, N. C.
name: Abe, L.
name: Audejean, M.
name: Bendjoya, P.
name: Gillier, C.
name: Gregorio, J.
name: Martinez, P.
name: Michelet, J.
name: Montaigut, R.
name: Poncy, R.
name: Rivet, J. -P.
name: Rousseau, G.
name: Roy, R.
name: Suarez, O.
name: Vanhuysse, M.
name: Verilhac, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we report a new transiting warm giant planet: KOI-1257 b. It was first detected in photometry as a planet-candidate by the ${\it Kepler}$ space telescope and then validated thanks to a radial velocity follow-up with the SOPHIE spectrograph. It orbits its host star with a period of 86.647661 d $\pm$ 3 s and a high eccentricity of 0.772 $\pm$ 0.045. The planet transits the main star of a metal-rich, relatively old binary system with stars of mass of 0.99 $\pm$ 0.05 Msun and 0.70 $ \pm $ 0.07 Msun for the primary and secondary, respectively. This binary system is constrained thanks to a self-consistent modelling of the ${\it Kepler}$ transit light curve, the SOPHIE radial velocities, line bisector and full-width half maximum (FWHM) variations, and the spectral energy distribution. However, future observations are needed to confirm it. The PASTIS fully-Bayesian software was used to validate the nature of the planet and to determine which star of the binary system is the transit host. By accounting for the dilution from the binary both in photometry and in radial velocity, we find that the planet has a mass of 1.45 $ \pm $ 0.35 Mjup, and a radius of 0.94 $ \pm $ 0.12 Rjup, and thus a bulk density of 2.1 $ \pm $ 1.2 g.cm$^{-3}$. The planet has an equilibrium temperature of 511 $\pm$ 50 K, making it one of the few known members of the warm-jupiter population. The HARPS-N spectrograph was also used to observe a transit of KOI-1257 b, simultaneously with a joint amateur and professional photometric follow-up, with the aim of constraining the orbital obliquity of the planet. However, the Rossiter-McLaughlin effect was not clearly detected, resulting in poor constraints on the orbital obliquity of the planet.
description: 39 pages, 17 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Detector challenges of the strong-field QED experiment LUXE at the European XFEL
Creators: name: Borysov, Oleksandr
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 530
subject: activity report
subject: positron: energy spectrum
subject: Compton scattering: nonlinear
subject: quantum electrodynamics: strong field
subject: laser: beam
subject: electron: energy spectrum
subject: photon: energy spectrum
subject: pair production
subject: scintillation counter
subject: tracking detector
subject: lead-glass
subject: calorimeter
subject: performance
subject: tungsten
subject: beam dump
subject: backscatter
subject: semiconductor detector: pixel
subject: detector: design

description: The LUXE experiment aims at studying high-field QED in electron-laser and photon-laser interactions, with the 16.5 GeV electron beam of the European XFEL and a laser beam with power of up to 350 TW. The experiment will measure the spectra of electrons and photons in non-linear Compton scattering where production rates in excess of $10^9$ are expected per 1 Hz bunch crossing. At the same time positrons from pair creation in either the two-step trident process or the Breit-Wheeler process will be measured, where the expected rates range from $10^{-3}$ to $10^3$ per bunch crossing, depending on the laser power and focus. These measurements have to be performed in the presence of low-energy high radiation-background. To meet these challenges, for high-rate electron and photon fluxes, the experiment will use Cherenkov radiation detectors, scintillator screens, sapphire sensors as well as lead-glass monitors for backscattering off the beam-dump. A four-layer silicon-pixel tracker and a compact electromagnetic tungsten calorimeter with GaAs sensors will be used to measure the positron spectra. The layout of the experiment and the expected performance under the harsh radiation conditions will be presented.
Fate of charmed mesons near chiral symmetry restoration in hot matter
Creators: name: Sasaki, Chihiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Chiral thermodynamics of charmed mesons is formulated at finite temperature within a $2+1+1$-flavored effective Lagrangian incorporating heavy quark symmetry. The charmed-meson mean fields act as an extra source which breaks the chiral symmetry explicitly. This leads to effective interactions between the light and heavy-light mesons, which intrinsically depend on temperature. Effective masses of the scalar and pseudoscalar charmed-mesons tend to approach each other as increasing temperature, so that the splitting between the chiral partners is reduced. These chiral splittings are shown to be less sensitive to the light-quark flavors, attributed to the underlying heavy quark symmetry. Consequently, chiral symmetry restoration is more manifest for the strange charmed-mesons than for the strange light mesons. The effective masses are also compared with the results in the one-loop chiral perturbation theory. A substantial difference is found at a relatively low temperature, $T \sim f_π$.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures; (v2) a few remarks and fig.4 added
Gyratonic pp-waves and their impulsive limit
Creators: name: Podolsky, Jiri
name: Steinbauer, Roland
name: Svarc, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 83C15, 83C35

description: We investigate a class of gravitational pp-waves which represent the exterior vacuum field of spinning particles moving with the speed of light. Such exact spacetimes are described by the original Brinkmann form of the pp-wave metric including the often neglected off-diagonal terms. We put emphasis on a clear physical and geometrical interpretation of these off-diagonal metric components. We explicitly analyze several new properties of these spacetimes associated with the spinning character of the source, such as rotational dragging of frames, geodesic deviation, impulsive limits and the corresponding behavior of geodesics.
description: 28 pages, 2 figures
Q-ball dark matter and baryogenesis in high-scale inflation
Creators: name: Kasuya, Shinta
name: Kawasaki, Masahiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the scenario that one flat direction creates baryon asymmetry of the unverse, while Q balls from another direction can be the dark matter in the gauge-mediated supersymmetry breaking for high-scale inflation. Isocurvature fluctuations are suppressed by the fact that the Affleck-Dine field stays at around the Planck scale during inflation. We find that the dark matter Q balls can be detected in IceCube-like experiments in the future.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures, published version
FLOW PHYSICS AND HEAT TRANSFER ASSOCIATED WITH VENTING OF SMALL FORMAT LITHIUM-ION CELLS
Creators: name: Li, Weisi
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2022
Subjects: Energy generation, conversion and storage (excl. chemical and electrical)

description: The safety issues triggered by thermal runaway is one of the most crucial problems to be considered for the development of Li-ion batteries. The series exothermic reactions during thermal runaway created a lot of heat and gas. The vented gas may ignite and cause excessive heat transfer to nearby surfaces, thus creating an extreme risk for propagating failures. The objective of this dissertation was to study the effect of safety vent geometry on the venting flow physics and subsequent heat transfer to nearby surfaces. Four commercially available Li-ion safety vents (MTI, LG MJ1, K2, and LG M36) were considered in this work. The safety vents were inspected, through computed tomography (CT) scanning, to understand the design and construction of each vent assembly. Experiments and simulations were conducted to compare several key venting parameters among the four designs: current interrupt device (CID) activation pressure, vent-activation pressure, and discharge flow coefficient. A semi-empirical model, based on flow through a sharp-edged orifice, was proposed for estimating mass flowrate through the safety vent. The model required a single geometric parameter, the sharp-edged equivalent area, which is inversely proportional to flow resistance. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) was used to study the venting jet flow physics for each safety vent design. The geometric design of the CID mechanism strongly influenced the flowfield structure. Spot-weld CID designs, when compared to notch-groove CID designs, showed elevated turbulence levels within the safety vent assembly and showed a strong recirculation zone directly above the safety vent assembly. Heat transfer resulting from impingement of the vented jets onto a surface placed above the safety vent was measured experimentally and simulated using CFD. In general, heat transfer increased with increasing sharp-edged equivalent area. Also, safety vents with notch-groove CID designs exhibited elevated heat transfer rates when compared to spot-weld CID designs. Based on lessons learned from the flowfield and heat transfer analysis, an optimized safety vent design was proposed. The gas flow restriction was lowered by enlarging the equivalent area. The current collector component was modified to include a lobed mixing nozzle for the purpose of enhancing turbulence to mix the jet with the surrounding air, thereby reducing the jet temperature striking the target surface. Compared to the LG M36 design, the optimized safety vent increased the equivalent area by 58% without increasing the heat transfer rate.
The rise and fall of star-formation in $\bf z\sim0.2$ merging galaxy clusters
Creators: name: Stroe, Andra
name: Sobral, David
name: Dawson, William
name: Jee, M. James
name: Hoekstra, Henk
name: Wittman, David
name: van Weeren, Reinout J.
name: Brüggen, Marcus
name: Röttgering, Huub J. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: CIZA J2242.8+5301 (`Sausage') and 1RXS J0603.3+4213 (`Toothbrush') are two low-redshift ($z\sim0.2$), massive ($\sim2\times10^{15}M_\odot$), post-core passage merging clusters, which host shock waves traced by diffuse radio emission. To study their star-formation properties, we uniformly survey the `Sausage' and `Toothbrush' clusters in broad and narrow band filters and select a sample of $201$ and $463$ line emitters, down to a rest-frame equivalent width ($13$Å). We robustly separate between H$α$ and higher redshift emitters using a combination of optical multi-band (B, g, V, r, i, z) and spectroscopic data. We build H$α$ luminosity functions for the entire cluster region, near the shock fronts, and away from the shock fronts and find striking differences between the two clusters. In the dynamically younger, $1$ Gyr old `Sausage' cluster we find numerous ($59$) H$α$ emitters above a star-formation rate (SFR) of $0.17$ M$_{\sun}$ yr$^{-1}$ surprisingly located in close proximity to the shock fronts, embedded in very hot intra-cluster medium plasma. The SFR density for the cluster population is at least at the level of typical galaxies at $z\sim2$. Down to the same star-formation rate, the possibly dynamically more evolved `Toothbrush' cluster has only $9$ H$α$ galaxies. The cluster H$α$ galaxies fall on the SFR-stellar mass relation $z\sim0.2$ for the field. However, the `Sausage' cluster has an H$α$ emitter density $>20$ times that of blank fields. If the shock passes through gas-rich cluster galaxies, the compressed gas could collapse into dense clouds and excite star-formation for a few $100$ Myr. This process ultimately leads to a rapid consumption of the molecular gas, accelerating the transformation of gas-rich field spirals into cluster S0s or ellipticals.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS after minor referee report. 21 pages, 15 figures, 5 tables