cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Emergent vortices and phase separation in systems of chiral active particles with dipolar interactions
Creators: name: Liao, Guo-Jun
name: Klapp, Sabine H. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using Brownian dynamics (BD) simulations we investigate the self-organization of a monolayer of chiral active particles with dipolar interactions. Each particle is driven by both, translational and rotational self-propulsion, and carries a permanent point dipole moment at its center. The direction of the translational propulsion for each particle is chosen to be parallel to its dipole moment. Simulations are performed at high dipolar coupling strength and a density below that related to motility-induced phase separation in simple active Brownian particles. Despite this restriction, we observe a wealth of phenomena including formation of two types of vortices, phase separation, and flocking transitions. To understand the appearance and disappearance of vortices in the many-particle system, we further investigate the dynamics of simple ring structures under the impact of self-propulsion.
description: 14 pages and 12 figures
Tailored optical properties of atomic medium by a narrow bandwidth frequency comb
Creators: name: Behera, Rita
name: Pal, Bappaditya
name: Pradhan, Swarupananda
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quantum interference assisted enhanced optical activity due to the emergence of a steady-state atomic polarization is investigated. The Rubidium atoms in an antirelaxation coated cell provide a suitable platform to address the phenomena at multiple Larmors frequencies. It interacts with a narrow bandwidth frequency comb generated by the frequency modulation of the light field. The Lindblad master equation with a trichromatic field provides a microscopic picture of the atomic response to the narrow bandwidth frequency comb. The directive of the relative phase between the light fields, in the detuning dependence of the magnetic resonances, is conclusively captured with the trichromatic field model. The measured absorption, nonlinear magneto-optic rotation, and their dependencies on various experimental parameters are analysed. The ellipticity of the light field controls the extent of several physical processes at multiple Larmors frequencies. The investigation provides an approach to address the Zeeman coherence in the interaction of a narrow bandwidth frequency comb with an atomic ensemble and will have applications in various quantum devices.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures
Generating abstractive summaries of Lithuanian news articles using a transformer model
Creators: name: Stankevičius, Lukas
name: Lukoševičius, Mantas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.6; I.2.7
subject: 68T07, 68T50, 68T05

description: In this work, we train the first monolingual Lithuanian transformer model on a relatively large corpus of Lithuanian news articles and compare various output decoding algorithms for abstractive news summarization. We achieve an average ROUGE-2 score 0.163, generated summaries are coherent and look impressive at first glance. However, some of them contain misleading information that is not so easy to spot. We describe all the technical details and share our trained model and accompanying code in an online open-source repository, as well as some characteristic samples of the generated summaries.
description: Accepted in ICIST 2021
String theory, Einstein, and the identity of physics: Theory assessment in absence of the empirical
Creators: name: van Dongen, Jeroen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: String theorists are certain that they are practicing physicists. Yet, some of their recent critics deny this. This paper argues that this conflict is really about who holds authority in making rational judgment in theoretical physics. At bottom, the conflict centers on the question: who is a proper physicist? To illustrate and understand the differing opinions about proper practice and identity, we discuss different appreciations of epistemic virtues and explanation among string theorists and their critics, and how these have been sourced in accounts of Einstein's biography. Just as Einstein is claimed by both sides, historiography offers examples of both successful and unsuccessful non-empirical science. History of science also teaches that times of conflict are often times of innovation, in which novel scholarly identities may come into being. At the same time, since the contributions of Thomas Kuhn historians have developed a critical attitude towards formal attempts and methodological recipes for epistemic demarcation and justification of scientific practice. These are now, however, being considered in the debate on non-empirical physics.
description: To appear in Studies in History and Philosophy of Science, special issue on "Non-Empirical Physics from a Historical Perspective"
Positive and negative chemical pressure effects investigated in electron-doped FeSe films with an electric-double-layer structure
Creators: name: Shikama, N.
name: Sakishita, Y.
name: Nabeshima, F.
name: Maeda, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigated chemical pressure effects in electron-doped (e-doped) FeSe by fabricating an electric-double-layer structure with single crystalline FeSe films on LaAlO$_3$ with Se substituted by isovalent Te and S. Our method enables transport measurements of e-doped FeSe. Electron doping by applying gate voltage of 5 V increases $T_{\mathrm c}$ of the FeSe$_{1-x}$Te$_x$ and FeSe$_{1-y}$S$_y$ films with $0 \leq x \leq 0.4$ and $0 \leq y \leq 0.25$, while the e-doped $x=0.5$ film showed lower $T_{\mathrm c}$ than that of the undoped one. Both positive and chemical pressure suppress $T_{\mathrm c}$ of the e-doped FeSe. The obtained superconducting phase diagram in the e-doped samples is rather different from that in undoped samples. This might suggest that the superconductivity mechanism is different between undoped and e-doped systems. Alternatively, this is possibly explained by the absence of the nematic order in e-doped samples.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures
Cosmological black holes are not described by the Thakurta metric: LIGO-Virgo bounds on PBHs remain unchanged
Creators: name: Hütsi, Gert
name: Koivisto, Tomi
name: Raidal, Martti
name: Vaskonen, Ville
name: Veermäe, Hardi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the physical conditions which induce the Thakurta metric, recently studied by Bœhm {\it et al.} in the context of time-dependent black hole masses, correspond to a single accreting black hole in the entire Universe filled with isotropic non-interacting dust. In such a case, the physics of black hole accretion is not local but tied to the properties of the whole Universe. We show that radiation, primordial black holes or particle dark matter cannot produce the specific energy flux required for supporting the mass growth of Thakurta black holes. In particular, this solution does not apply to black hole binaries. We conclude that cosmological black holes and their mass growth cannot be described by the Thakurta metric, and thus existing constraints on the primordial black hole abundance from the LIGO-Virgo and the CMB measurements remain valid.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure, discussion extended
Die Kooperation liberaler Parteien in Europa: Formen und Antriebskräfte 1945–1979
Creators: name: Thiemeyer, Guido
Publisher: name: Moving the Social
Year: 2015

description: The focus of this article is set less on organizational forms of transnational cooperation of liberal parties but rather on the motives that lead to transnational integration of liberal parties. To identify those, three political scientific models are selected that trace the genesis of national political parties back to different key aspects: to the personalities of leaders and founders of theses parties, to the political system in which they developed or to their representation function of socially groups with different worldviews. After a concise description of different transnational organizational forms of liberal parties until the year 1979, different political scientific models of national range are analyzed with regard to their explanatory power for the transnational cooperation of parties on the basis of this example.
description: Moving the Social, Vol 46 (2011): Transnationale Parteienkooperation in Europa
Sozialdemokratisierung der Republik? Bernd Faulenbach: Das sozialdemokratische Jahrzehnt: Von der Reformeuphorie zur Neuen Unübersichtlichkeit. Die SPD 1969–1982, Bonn: J. W. H. Dietz Nachf. 2012
Creators: name: Berger, Stefan
Publisher: name: Moving the Social
Year: 2015

description: This is the contribution "Sozialdemokratisierung der Republik? Bernd Faulenbach: Das sozialdemokratische Jahrzehnt: Von der Reformeuphorie zur Neuen Unübersichtlichkeit. Die SPD 1969–1982, Bonn: J. W. H. Dietz Nachf. 2012" of MTS 47 (2012).
description: Moving the Social, Vol 47 (2012): Essays on social history and the history of social movements
The luminous infrared composite Seyfert 2 galaxy NGC 7679 through the [O III] 5007 emission line
Creators: name: Yankulova, I. M.
name: Golev, V. K.
name: Jockers, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: NGC 7679 is a nearby luminous infrared Sy2 galaxy in which starburst and AGN activities co-exist. The ionization structure is maintained by both the AGN power-law continuum and starburst. The galaxy is a bright X-ray source possessing a low X-ray column density N_H < 4 x 10^20 cm^{-2}. The Compton-thin nature of such unabsorbed objects infers that the simple formulation of the Unified model for SyGs is not applicable in their case. The main goal of this article is to investigate both gas distribution and ionization structure in the circumnuclear region of NGC 7679 in search for the presence of a hidden Sy1 nucleus, using the [O III] 5007 luminosity as a tracer of AGN activity. The [O III] 5007 image of the NGC 7679 shows elliptical isophotes extended along the PA ~ 80 deg in the direction to the counterpart galaxy NGC 7682. The maximum of ionization by the AGN power-law continuum traced by [O III] 5007/Halpha ratio is displaced by ~ 13 arcsec eastward from the nucleus. We conclude that the dust and gas in the high ionization direction has a direct view to the central AGN engine. This possibly results in dust/star-formation decay. A large fraction of the unabsorbed Compton-thin Sy2s with [O III] luminosity > 10^41 erg s^{-1} possesses a hidden AGN source (abridged).
description: Accepted for publication in A&A, 9 pages, 6 figures
การประเมินสมรรถนะเครื่องอบข้าวเปลือกแบบไหลคลุกเคล้า : กรณีศึกษาโรงสีข้าวพรเจริญ
Creators: name: วันชัย สุตะพันธ์
Publisher: name: มหาวิทยาลัยมหาสารคาม
Year: 2556
Subjects: ความสิ้นเปลืองพลังงานจำเพาะ, เครื่องอบข้าว, ต้นทุนการอบแห้ง, โรงสี

description: 4, 32, วารสารวิทยาศาสตร์และเทคโนโลยี มหาวิทยาลัยมหาสารคาม
การประเมินความมั่นคงทางอาหารด้วยปริมาณและมูลค่าอาหารที่บริโภคของครัวเรือนในชนบทจังหวัดเชียงใหม่
Creators: name: บุศรา ลิ้มนิรันดร์กุล
Publisher: name: มหาวิทยาลัยมหาสารคาม
Year: 2556
Subjects: ความมั่นคงทางอาหาร, เส้นความยากจน, การบริโภคอาหาร, ปริมาณแคลอรีที่ได้รับ

description: 2, 32, วารสารวิทยาศาสตร์และเทคโนโลยี มหาวิทยาลัยมหาสารคาม
Frame dragging and super-energy
Creators: name: Herrera, L.
name: Carot, J.
name: Di Prisco, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the vorticity appearing in stationary vacuum spacetimes is always related to the existence of a flow of super-energy on the plane orthogonal to the vorticity vector. This result, toghether with the previously established link between vorticity and super--energy in radiative (Bondi-Sachs) spacetimes strength further the case for this latter quantity as the cause of frame dragging.
description: 12 pages Latex. To appear in Phys.Rev. D. Typos corrected
The Fermionic Density-functional at Feshbach Resonance
Creators: name: Seidl, Michael
name: Bhaduri, Rajat K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a dilute gas of neutral unpolarized fermionic atoms at zero temperature.The atoms interact via a short range (tunable) attractive interaction. We demonstrate analytically a curious property of the gas at unitarity. Namely, the correlation energy of the gas, evaluated by second order perturbation theory, has the same density dependence as the first order exchange energy, and the two almost exactly cancel each other at Feshbach resonance irrespective of the shape of the potential, provided $(μr_s) >> 1$. Here $(μ)^{-1}$ is the range of the two-body potential, and $r_s$ is defined through the number density $n=3/(4πr_s^3)$. The implications of this result for universality is discussed.
description: Five pages, one table. accepted for publication in PRA
Instability of rotating Bose stars
Creators: name: Dmitriev, A. S.
name: Levkov, D. G.
name: Panin, A. G.
name: Pushnaya, E. K.
name: Tkachev, I. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Light bosonic (axion-like) dark matter may form Bose stars - clumps of nonrelativistic Bose-Einstein condensate supported by self-gravity. We study rotating Bose stars composed of condensed particles with nonzero angular momentum $l$. We analytically prove that these objects are unstable at arbitrary $l \ne 0$ if particle self-interactions are attractive or negligibly small. They decay by shedding off the particles and transporting the angular momentum to the periphery of the system until a Saturn-like configuration appears: one (or several) spin-zero Bose stars and clouds of diffuse particles orbit around the mutual center. In the case of no self-interactions we calculate the profiles and dominant instability modes of the rotating stars: numerically at $1 \leq l\leq 15$ and analytically at $l\gg 1$. Notably, their lifetimes are always comparable to the inverse binding energies; hence, these objects cannot be considered long-living. Finally, we numerically show that in models with sufficiently strong repulsive self-interactions the Bose star with $l=1$ is stable.
description: 18 pages, 17 figures; journal version
SN 1993J VLBI (IV): A Geometric Determination of the Distance to M81 with the Expanding Shock Front Method
Creators: name: Bartel, N.
name: Bietenholz, M. F.
name: Rupen, M. P.
name: Dwarkadas, V. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compare the angular expansion velocities, determined with VLBI, with the linear expansion velocities measured from optical spectra for supernova 1993J in the galaxy M81, over the period from 7 d to ~9 yr after shock breakout. We estimate the distance to SN 1993J using the Expanding Shock Front Method (ESM). We find the best distance estimate is obtained by fitting the angular velocity of a point halfway between the contact surface and outer shock front to the maximum observed hydrogen gas velocity. We obtain a direct, geometric, distance estimate for M81 of D=3.96+-0.05+-0.29 Mpc with statistical and systematic error contributions, respectively, corresponding to a total standard error of $+-0.29 Mpc. The upper limit of 4.25 Mpc corresponds to the hydrogen gas with the highest observed velocity reaching no farther out than the contact surface a few days after shock breakout. The lower limit of 3.67 Mpc corresponds to this hydrogen gas reaching as far out as the forward shock for the whole period, which would mean that Rayleigh-Taylor fingers have grown to the forward shock already a few days after shock breakout. Our distance estimate is 9+-13 % larger than that of 3.63+-0.34 Mpc from the HST Key Project, which is near our lower limit but within the errors.
description: 25 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Condensed Tannins in Some Tropical Legumes Residue
Creators: name: Yupa Pootaeng-On
name: Napawan Kimsri
name: Sarawoot Sooksom
name: Sayopoo Tangchaitam
name: Pantipa Na Chiangmai
Publisher: name: Silpakorn University Research and Development Institute
Year: 2015
Subjects: Condensed tannin, Ruminant feed, Tropical legumes, Crop residue

description: 1, 9, Silpakorn University Science and Technology Journal
Collisions in a dual-species magneto-optical trap of molecules and atoms
Creators: name: Jurgilas, S.
name: Chakraborty, A.
name: Rich, C. J. H.
name: Sauer, B. E.
name: Frye, Matthew D.
name: Hutson, Jeremy M.
name: Tarbutt, M. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study inelastic collisions between CaF molecules and $^{87}$Rb atoms in a dual-species magneto-optical trap. The presence of atoms increases the loss rate of molecules from the trap. By measuring the loss rates and density distributions, we determine a collisional loss rate coefficient $k_{2} = (1.43 \pm 0.29) \times 10^{-10}$ cm$^{3}$/s at a temperature of 2.4 mK. We show that this is not substantially changed by light-induced collisions or by varying the populations of excited-state atoms and molecules. The observed loss rate is close to the universal rate expected in the presence of fast loss at short range, and can be explained by rotation-changing collisions in the ground electronic state.
description: 14 pages, 6 figures. Added a new figure and some further details about the methods; expanded our discussion of the results
Suppression of 1/f noise in one-qubit systems
Creators: name: Kuopanportti, Pekko
name: Mottonen, Mikko
name: Bergholm, Ville
name: Saira, Olli-Pentti
name: Zhang, Jun
name: Whaley, K. Birgitta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the generation of quantum operations for one-qubit systems under classical noise with 1/f^αpower spectrum, where 2>α> 0. We present an efficient way to approximate the noise with a discrete multi-state Markovian fluctuator. With this method, the average temporal evolution of the qubit density matrix under 1/f^αnoise can be feasibly determined from recently derived deterministic master equations. We obtain qubit operations such as quantum memory and the NOT}gate to high fidelity by a gradient based optimization algorithm. For the NOT gate, the computed fidelities are qualitatively similar to those obtained earlier for random telegraph noise. In the case of quantum memory however, we observe a nonmonotonic dependency of the fidelity on the operation time, yielding a natural access rate of the memory.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures
The Space Infrared Interferometric Telescope (SPIRIT): High-resolution imaging and spectroscopy in the far-infrared
Creators: name: Leisawitz, David
name: Baker, Charles
name: Barger, Amy
name: Benford, Dominic
name: Blain, Andrew
name: Boyle, Rob
name: Broderick, Richard
name: Budinoff, Jason
name: Carpenter, John
name: Caverly, Richard
name: Chen, Phil
name: Cooley, Steve
name: Cottingham, Christine
name: Crooke, Julie
name: DiPietro, Dave
name: DiPirro, Mike
name: Femiano, Michael
name: Ferrer, Art
name: Fischer, Jacqueline
name: Gardner, Jonathan P.
name: Hallock, Lou
name: Harris, Kenny
name: Hartman, Kate
name: Harwit, Martin
name: Hillenbrand, Lynne
name: Hyde, Tupper
name: Jones, Drew
name: Kellogg, Jim
name: Kogut, Alan
name: Kuchner, Marc
name: Lawson, Bill
name: Lecha, Javier
name: Lecha, Maria
name: Mainzer, Amy
name: Mannion, Jim
name: Martino, Anthony
name: Mason, Paul
name: Mather, John
name: McDonald, Gibran
name: Mills, Rick
name: Mundy, Lee
name: Ollendorf, Stan
name: Pellicciotti, Joe
name: Quinn, Dave
name: Rhee, Kirk
name: Rinehart, Stephen
name: Sauerwine, Tim
name: Silverberg, Robert
name: Smith, Terry
name: Stacey, Gordon
name: Stahl, H. Philip
name: Staguhn, Johannes
name: Tompkins, Steve
name: Tveekrem, June
name: Wall, Sheila
name: Wilson, Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report results of a recently-completed pre-Formulation Phase study of SPIRIT, a candidate NASA Origins Probe mission. SPIRIT is a spatial and spectral interferometer with an operating wavelength range 25 - 400 microns. SPIRIT will provide sub-arcsecond resolution images and spectra with resolution R = 3000 in a 1 arcmin field of view to accomplish three primary scientific objectives: (1) Learn how planetary systems form from protostellar disks, and how they acquire their inhomogeneous composition; (2) characterize the family of extrasolar planetary systems by imaging the structure in debris disks to understand how and where planets of different types form; and (3) learn how high-redshift galaxies formed and merged to form the present-day population of galaxies. Observations with SPIRIT will be complementary to those of the James Webb Space Telescope and the ground-based Atacama Large Millimeter Array. All three observatories could be operational contemporaneously.
description: 20 pages, 12 figures, accepted for publication in J. Adv. Space Res. on 26 May 2007
The Effective Field Theory of Codimension-two Branes
Creators: name: de Rham, Claudia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Distributional sources of matter on codimension-two and higher branes are only well-defined as regularized objects. Nevertheless, intuition from effective field theory suggests that the low-energy physics on such branes should be independent of any high-energy regularization scheme. In this paper, we address this issue in the context of a scalar field model where matter fields (the standard model) living on such a brane interact with bulk fields (gravity). The low-energy effective theory is shown to be consistent and independent of the regularization scheme, provided the brane couplings are renormalized appropriately at the classical level. We perform explicit computations of the classical renormalization group flows at tree and one-loop level, demonstrate that the theory is renormalizable against codimension-two divergences, and extend the analysis to several physical applications such as electrodynamics and brane localized kinetic terms.
description: 30 pages + appendices, matches journal version
Collective behavior of stock price movements in an emerging market
Creators: name: Pan, Raj Kumar
name: Sinha, Sitabhra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Statistical Finance (q-fin.ST)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To investigate the universality of the structure of interactions in different markets, we analyze the cross-correlation matrix C of stock price fluctuations in the National Stock Exchange (NSE) of India. We find that this emerging market exhibits strong correlations in the movement of stock prices compared to developed markets, such as the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE). This is shown to be due to the dominant influence of a common market mode on the stock prices. By comparison, interactions between related stocks, e.g., those belonging to the same business sector, are much weaker. This lack of distinct sector identity in emerging markets is explicitly shown by reconstructing the network of mutually interacting stocks. Spectral analysis of C for NSE reveals that, the few largest eigenvalues deviate from the bulk of the spectrum predicted by random matrix theory, but they are far fewer in number compared to, e.g., NYSE. We show this to be due to the relative weakness of intra-sector interactions between stocks, compared to the market mode, by modeling stock price dynamics with a two-factor model. Our results suggest that the emergence of an internal structure comprising multiple groups of strongly coupled components is a signature of market development.
description: 10 pages, 10 figures
Observation of a uniform temperature dependence in the electrical resistance across the structural phase transition in thin film vanadium oxide ($VO_{2}$)
Creators: name: Mani, R. G.
name: Ramanathan, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An electrical study of thin $VO_{2}$ films in the vicinity of the structural phase transition at $68^{0}C$ shows (a) that the electrical resistance $R$ follows $log (R)$ $\propto$ $-T$ over the $T$-range, $20 < T < 80 ^{0}C$ covering both sides of the structural transition, and (b) a history dependent hysteresis loop in $R$ upon thermal cycling. These features are attributed here to transport through a granular network.
description: 3 pages, 3 color figures
Ordovician Biostratigraphy — Index Fossils, Biozones and Correlation
Creators: name: Goldman, Daniel
name: Leslie, Stephen A.
name: Liang, Yan
name: Bergström, Stig M.
Publisher: name: Geological Society of London
Year: 2022
Subjects: classificationCode: 3705
subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Figure 3. Late Ordovician time scale, stages and graptolite, conodont and chitinozoan zonal schemes. The leftmost column is the chronometric time scale from
Goldman et al. (2020, in Gradstein et al. 2020). Zonations and correlations for graptolites are modified from the following (and references therein) — Goldman et al. (2020), Loydell (2012), Maletz (2021), Maletz and Ahlberg (2018), VandenBerg and Cooper (1992), Cooper and Sadler (2012), Goldman et al. (2007a), and Zalasiewicz et al. (2009); for conodonts modified from Goldman et al. (2020), Albanesi and Ortega (2016), Bergström and Wang (1995), Wang et al. (2018), Zhen and Percival (2003, 2017), and Zhang et al. (2019); and for chitinozoans from Goldman et al. (2020), Nõlvak et al. (2006) and Paris et al. (2004). 1The South Gondwana graptolite zonation for the Upper Ordovician is adapted from Gutiérrez-Marco et al. (2017).
Galaxy morphologies and environment in the Abell 901/902 supercluster from COMBO-17
Creators: name: Lane, K. P.
name: Gray, M. E.
name: Aragon-Salamanca, A.
name: Wolf, C.
name: Meisenheimer, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a morphological study of galaxies in the A901/902 supercluster from the COMBO-17 survey. A total of 570 galaxies with photometric redshifts in the range 0.155 < z_phot < 0.185 are visually classified by three independent classifiers to M_V=-18. These morphological classifications are compared to local galaxy density, distance from the nearest cluster centre, local surface mass density from weak lensing, and photometric classification. At high local galaxy densities, log(Sigma_10 /Mpc^2) > 1.5, a classical morphology-density relation is found. A correlation is also found between morphology and local projected surface mass density, but no trend is observed with distance to the nearest cluster. This supports the finding that local environment is more important to galaxy morphology than global cluster properties. The breakdown of the morphological catalogue by colour shows a dominance of blue galaxies in the galaxies displaying late-type morphologies and a corresponding dominance of red galaxies in the early-type population. Using the 17-band photometry from COMBO-17, we further split the supercluster red sequence into old passive galaxies and galaxies with young stars and dust according to the prescription of Wolf et al. (2005). We find that the dusty star-forming population describes an intermediate morphological group between late-type and early-type galaxies, supporting the hypothesis that field and group spiral galaxies are transformed into S0s and, perhaps, ellipticals during cluster infall.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS. 7 pages, 6 figures
Radiative torques: Analytical Model and Basic Properties
Creators: name: Lazarian, Alex
name: Hoang, Thiem
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We attempt to get a physical insight into grain alignment processes by studying basic properties of radiative torques (RATs). For this purpose we consider a simple toy model of a helical grain that reproduces well the basic features of RATs. The model grain consists of a spheroidal body with a mirror attached at an angle to it. Being very simple, the model allows analytical description of RATs that act upon it. We show a good correspondence of RATs obtained for this model and those of irregular grains calculated by DDSCAT. Our analysis of the role of different torque components for grain alignment reveals that one of the three RAT components does not affect the alignment, but induces only for grain precession. The other two components provide a generic alignment with grain long axes perpendicular to the radiation direction, if the radiation dominates the grain precession, and perpendicular to magnetic field, otherwise. We study a self-similar scaling of RATs as a function of $λ/a_{eff}$. We show that the self-similarity is useful for studying grain alignment by a broad spectrum of radiation, i.e. interstellar radiation field.
description: 40 pages, 50 figures
Ordovician Biostratigraphy — Index Fossils, Biozones and Correlation
Creators: name: Goldman, Daniel
name: Leslie, Stephen A.
name: Liang, Yan
name: Bergström, Stig M.
Publisher: name: Geological Society of London
Year: 2022
Subjects: classificationCode: 3705
subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Figure 2. Middle Ordovician time scale, stages, and graptolite, conodont and chitinozoan zonal schemes. The leftmost column is the chronometric time scale from Goldman et al. (2020, in Gradstein et al. 2020). Zonations and correlations for graptolites are modified from the following (and references therein) — Goldman et al. (2020), Loydell (2012), Maletz (2021), Maletz and Ahlberg (2018), VandenBerg and Cooper (1992), Cooper and Sadler (2012) and Zalasiewicz et al. (2009); for conodonts modified from Goldman et al. (2020), Albanesi and Ortega (2016), Bergström and Wang (1995), Wang et al. (2018), Zhen et al. (2020a, 2020b, 2021); Zhen and Percival (2003), Zhen and Nicoll (2009) and Zhang et al. (2019); and for chitinozoans from Goldman et al. (2020), Nõlvak et al. (2006) and Paris et al. (2004). 1The South Gondwana graptolite zonation for the Middle Ordovician is adapted from Gutiérrez-Marco et al. (2017).
Spin coupling in zigzag Wigner crystals
Creators: name: Klironomos, A. D.
name: Meyer, Julia S.
name: Hikihara, T.
name: Matveev, K. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider interacting electrons in a quantum wire in the case of a shallow confining potential and low electron density. In a certain range of densities, the electrons form a two-row (zigzag) Wigner crystal whose spin properties are determined by nearest and next-nearest neighbor exchange as well as by three- and four-particle ring exchange processes. The phase diagram of the resulting zigzag spin chain has regions of complete spin polarization and partial spin polarization in addition to a number of unpolarized phases, including antiferromagnetism and dimer order as well as a novel phase generated by the four-particle ring exchange.
description: 12 pages, 9 figures
Decoupling Supergravity from the Superstring
Creators: name: Green, Michael B.
name: Ooguri, Hirosi
name: Schwarz, John H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the conditions necessary for obtaining perturbative maximal supergravity in d dimensions as a decoupling limit of type II superstring theory compactified on a (10 -- d)-torus. For dimensions d = 2 and d = 3 it is possible to define a limit in which the only finite-mass states are the 256 massless states of maximal supergravity. However, in dimensions d > 3 there are infinite towers of additional massless and finite-mass states. These correspond to Kaluza--Klein charges, wound strings, Kaluza--Klein monopoles or branes wrapping around cycles of the toroidal extra dimensions. We conclude that perturbative supergravity cannot be decoupled from string theory in dimensions d > 3. In particular, we conjecture that pure N = 8 supergravity in four dimensions is in the Swampland.
description: 9 pages
High Energy Variability Of Synchrotron-Self Compton Emitting Sources: Why One Zone Models Do Not Work And How We Can Fix It
Creators: name: Graff, Philip B.
name: Georganopoulos, Markos
name: Perlman, Eric S.
name: Kazanas, Demosthenes
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With the anticipated launch of GLAST, the existing X-ray telescopes, and the enhanced capabilities of the new generation of TeV telescopes, developing tools for modeling the variability of high energy sources such as blazars is becoming a high priority. We point out the serious, innate problems one zone synchrotron-self Compton models have in simulating high energy variability. We then present the first steps toward a multi zone model where non-local, time delayed Synchrotron-self Compton electron energy losses are taken into account. By introducing only one additional parameter, the length of the system, our code can simulate variability properly at Compton dominated stages, a situation typical of flaring systems. As a first application, we were able to reproduce variability similar to that observed in the case of the puzzling `orphan' TeV flares that are not accompanied by a corresponding X-ray flare.
description: to appear in the 1st GLAST symposium proceedings
BlockScience as a Cybernetic Organization (Cyb-Org)
Creators: name: Emmet, Jeff
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: BlockScience’s work often entails adapting and applying institutional analysis frameworks to better understand the ‘functional architecture’ of our clientsprojects, in order to provide contextually appropriate systems engineering solutions for the environments they create and exist within. In this article we turnthe microscope around, using those frameworks to map the functional architecture of BlockScience as a cybernetic organization. By sharing some of the internalsensemaking that we have used to better understand the interdependent flows of our own org, we aim to propagate these modes of organizational awareness to enable experiments with more emergent and adaptive institutional forms.
Deformation theory of representations of prop(erad)s
Creators: name: Merkulov, Sergei
name: Vallette, Bruno
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study the deformation theory of morphisms of properads and props thereby extending to a non-linear framework Quillen's deformation theory for commutative rings. The associated chain complex is endowed with a Lie algebra up to homotopy structure. Its Maurer-Cartan elements correspond to deformed structures, which allows us to give a geometric interpretation of these results. To do so, we endow the category of prop(erad)s with a model category structure. We provide a complete study of models for prop(erad)s. A new effective method to make minimal models explicit, that extends Koszul duality theory, is introduced and the associated notion is called homotopy Koszul. As a corollary, we obtain the (co)homology theories of (al)gebras over a prop(erad) and of homotopy (al)gebras as well. Their underlying chain complex is endowed with a canonical Lie algebra up to homotopy structure in general and a Lie algebra structure only in the Koszul case. In particular, we explicit the deformation complex of morphisms from the properad of associative bialgebras. For any minimal model of this properad, the boundary map of this chain complex is shown to be the one defined by Gerstenhaber and Schack. As a corollary, this paper provides a complete proof of the existence of a Lie algebra up to homotopy structure on the Gerstenhaber-Schack bicomplex associated to the deformations of associative bialgebras.
description: Version 4 : Statement about the properad of (non-commutative) Frobenius bialgebras fixed in Section 4. [82 pages]
Are there Hilbert-style Pure Type Systems?
Creators: name: Bunder, M. W.
name: Dekkers, W. M. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.4.1

description: For many a natural deduction style logic there is a Hilbert-style logic that is equivalent to it in that it has the same theorems (i.e. valid judgements with empty contexts). For intuitionistic logic, the axioms of the equivalent Hilbert-style logic can be propositions which are also known as the types of the combinators I, K and S. Hilbert-style versions of illative combinatory logic have formulations with axioms that are actual type statements for I, K and S. As pure type systems (PTSs)are, in a sense, equivalent to systems of illative combinatory logic, it might be thought that Hilbert-style PTSs (HPTSs) could be based in a similar way. This paper shows that some PTSs have very trivial equivalent HPTSs, with only the axioms as theorems and that for many PTSs no equivalent HPTS can exist. Most commonly used PTSs belong to these two classes. For some PTSs however, including lambda* and the PTS at the basis of the proof assistant Coq, there is a nontrivial equivalent HPTS, with axioms that are type statements for I, K and S.
description: Accepted in Logical Methods in Computer Science
Spin Pumping of an Easy-Plane Antiferromagnet Enhanced by Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya Interaction
Creators: name: Wang, Hailong
name: Xiao, Yuxuan
name: Guo, Mingda
name: Lee-Wong, Eric
name: Yan, Gerald Q.
name: Cheng, Ran
name: Du, Chunhui Rita
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, antiferromagnets have received revived interest due to their significant potential for developing next-generation ultrafast magnetic storage. Here we report dc spin pumping by the acoustic resonant mode in a canted easy-plane antiferromagnet α-Fe2O3 enabled by the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction. Systematic angle and frequency dependent measurements demonstrate that the observed spin pumping signals arise from resonance-induced spin injection and inverse spin Hall effect in α-Fe2O3/metal heterostructures, mimicking the behavior of spin pumping in conventional ferromagnet/nonmagnet systems. The pure spin current nature is further corroborated by reversal of the polarity of spin pumping signals when the spin detector is switched from platinum to tungsten which has an opposite sign of the spin Hall angle. Our results highlight the potential opportunities offered by the low-frequency acoustic resonant mode in canted easy-plane antiferromagnets for developing next-generation, functional spintronic devices.
description: 15 pages, 5 figures
Fusion of radioactive $^{132}$Sn with $^{64}$Ni
Creators: name: Liang, J. F.
name: Shapira, D.
name: Beene, J. R.
name: Gross, C. J.
name: Varner, R. L.
name: Galindo-Uribarri, A.
name: del Campo, J. Gomez
name: Hausladen, P. A.
name: Mueller, P. E.
name: Stracener, D. W.
name: Amro, H.
name: Kolata, J. J.
name: Bierman, J. D.
name: Caraley, A. L.
name: Jones, K. L.
name: Larochelle, Y.
name: Loveland, W.
name: Peterson, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Evaporation residue and fission cross sections of radioactive $^{132}$Sn on $^{64}$Ni were measured near the Coulomb barrier. A large sub-barrier fusion enhancement was observed. Coupled-channel calculations including inelastic excitation of the projectile and target, and neutron transfer are in good agreement with the measured fusion excitation function. When the change in nuclear size and shift in barrier height are accounted for, there is no extra fusion enhancement in $^{132}$Sn+$^{64}$Ni with respect to stable Sn+$^{64}$Ni. A systematic comparison of evaporation residue cross sections for the fusion of even $^{112-124}$Sn and $^{132}$Sn with $^{64}$Ni is presented.
description: 9 pages, 11 figures
Large Spin-to-Charge Conversion in Ultrathin Gold-Silicon Multilayers
Creators: name: Hadri, Mohammed Salah El
name: Gibbons, Jonathan
name: Xiao, Yuxuan
name: Ren, Haowen
name: Arava, Hanu
name: Liu, Yuzi
name: Liu, Zhaowei
name: Petford-Long, Amanda
name: Hoffmann, Axel
name: Fullerton, Eric E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Investigation of the spin Hall effect in gold has triggered increasing interest over the past decade, since gold combines the properties of a large bulk spin diffusion length and strong interfacial spin-orbit coupling. However, discrepancies between the values of the spin Hall angle of gold reported in the literature have brought into question the microscopic origin of the spin Hall effect in Au. Here, we investigate the thickness dependence of the spin-charge conversion efficiency in single Au films and ultrathin Au/Si multilayers by non-local transport and spin-torque ferromagnetic resonance measurements. We show that the spin-charge conversion efficiency is strongly enhanced in ultrathin Au/Si multilayers, reaching exceedingly large values of 0.99 +/- 0.34 when the thickness of the individual Au layers is scaled down to 2 nm. These findings reveal the coexistence of a strong interfacial spin-orbit coupling effect which becomes dominant in ultrathin Au, and bulk spin Hall effect with a relatively low bulk spin Hall angle of 0.012 +/- 0.005. Our experimental results suggest the key role of the Rashba-Edelstein effect in the spin-to-charge conversion in ultrathin Au.
The Nash Equilibrium Revisited: Chaos and Complexity Hidden in Simplicity
Creators: name: Fellman, Philip V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The Nash Equilibrium is a much discussed, deceptively complex, method for the analysis of non-cooperative games. If one reads many of the commonly available definitions the description of the Nash Equilibrium is deceptively simple in appearance. Modern research has discovered a number of new and important complex properties of the Nash Equilibrium, some of which remain as contemporary conundrums of extraordinary difficulty and complexity. Among the recently discovered features which the Nash Equilibrium exhibits under various conditions are heteroclinic Hamiltonian dynamics, a very complex asymptotic structure in the context of two-player bi-matrix games and a number of computationally complex or computationally intractable features in other settings. This paper reviews those findings and then suggests how they may inform various market prediction strategies.
description: 13 Pages, 5th International Conference on Complex Systems
Tri-layer superlattices: A route to magnetoelectric multiferroics?
Creators: name: Hatt, Alison J.
name: Spaldin, Nicola A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore computationally the formation of tri-layer superlattices as an alternative approach for combining ferroelectricity with magnetism to form magnetoelectric multiferroics. We find that the contribution to the superlattice polarization from tri-layering is small compared to typical polarizations in conventionalferroelectrics, and the switchable ferroelectric component is negligible. In contrast, we show that epitaxial strain and ``negative pressure'' can yield large, switchable polarizations that are compatible with the coexistence of magnetism, even in materials with no active ferroelectric ions.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures; references added, and minor editorial changes made
Spatial Dependency Networks: Neural Layers for Improved Generative Image Modeling
Creators: name: Miladinović, Đorđe
name: Stanić, Aleksandar
name: Bauer, Stefan
name: Schmidhuber, Jürgen
name: Buhmann, Joachim M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: How to improve generative modeling by better exploiting spatial regularities and coherence in images? We introduce a novel neural network for building image generators (decoders) and apply it to variational autoencoders (VAEs). In our spatial dependency networks (SDNs), feature maps at each level of a deep neural net are computed in a spatially coherent way, using a sequential gating-based mechanism that distributes contextual information across 2-D space. We show that augmenting the decoder of a hierarchical VAE by spatial dependency layers considerably improves density estimation over baseline convolutional architectures and the state-of-the-art among the models within the same class. Furthermore, we demonstrate that SDN can be applied to large images by synthesizing samples of high quality and coherence. In a vanilla VAE setting, we find that a powerful SDN decoder also improves learning disentangled representations, indicating that neural architectures play an important role in this task. Our results suggest favoring spatial dependency over convolutional layers in various VAE settings. The accompanying source code is given at https://github.com/djordjemila/sdn.