cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Regression of benign hepatic lesions associated with exogenous estrogens withdrawal
Creators: name: Murmura, Elena
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Outcomes
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: MR
subject: Liver
subject: Abdomen

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To describe the changes observed in contrast-enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) in the event of regression of benign hepatic lesions, such as focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH) and hepatocellular adenoma (HCA) To speculate on the possible...
Investigating the tackle in Rugby, American Football, Australian Football and Gaelic Football: A Scoping Review
Creators: name: Spiegelhalter, Emily
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Sports Sciences
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences

description: The aim of the current review is to identify and collate all peer-reviewed, published research existing in the current evidence base that primarily investigates the tackle in relation to injury and performance in Rugby, American Football, Australian Football and Gaelic Football. As well as identifying areas in the literature which are underdeveloped/under-researched.
Integration of inhomogeneous cosmological spacetimes in the BSSN formalism
Creators: name: Mertens, James B.
name: Giblin, John T.
name: Starkman, Glenn D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present cosmological-scale numerical simulations of an evolving universe in full general relativity (GR) and introduce a new numerical tool, {\sc CosmoGRaPH}, which employs the Baumgarte-Shapiro-Shibata-Nakamura (BSSN) formalism on a 3-dimensional grid. Using {\sc CosmoGRaPH}, we calculate the effect of an inhomogeneous matter distribution on the evolution of a spacetime. We also present the results of a set of standard stability tests to demonstrate the robustness of our simulations.
description: Updated to match published version
title: CT-imaging of vascular malformations
Creators: name: Khayrieva, Angelina
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Anatomy
subject: Vascular
subject: Arteries / Aorta
subject: CT
subject: Computer Applications-3D
subject: Computer Applications-General
subject: Computer Applications-Virtual imaging
subject: Arteriovenous malformations

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To describe and to illustrate the CT-signs of arteriovenous and venous...
Additional file 7 of Changes in nitric oxide inhibitors and mortality in critically ill patients: a cohort study
Creators: name: Mortensen, Karoline Myglegård
name: Itenov, Theis Skovsgaard
name: Stensballe, Jakob
name: Hillig, Thore
name: Jensen, Claus Antonio Juel
name: Schønemann-Lund, Martin
name: Bestle, Morten Heiberg
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Virology

description: Supplementary Material 7
The hemispherical asymmetry from a scale-dependent inflationary bispectrum
Creators: name: Byrnes, Christian T.
name: Regan, Donough
name: Seery, David
name: Tarrant, Ewan R. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: If the primordial bispectrum is sufficiently large then the CMB hemispherical asymmetry may be explained by a large-scale mode of exceptional amplitude which perturbs the zeta two-point function. We extend previous calculations, which were restricted to one- or two-source scenarios, by providing a method to compute the response of the two-point function in any model yielding a 'local-like' bispectrum. In general, this shows that it is not the reduced bispectrum fNL which sources the amplitude and scale-dependence of the mode coupling but rather a combination of 'response functions'. We discuss why it is difficult to construct successful scenarios and enumerate the fine-tunings which seem to be required. Finally, we exhibit a concrete model which can be contrived to match the observational constraints and show that to a Planck-like experiment it would appear to have |fNL-local| ~ |fNL-equi| ~ |fNL-ortho| ~ 1. Therefore, contrary to previous analyses, we conclude that it is possible to generate the asymmetry while respecting observational constraints on the bispectrum and low-ell multipoles even without tuning our location on the long-wavelength mode.
description: 38 pages plus references, 7 figures. v2: Minor changes to match version published in JCAP. This is an author-created, un-copyedited version of an article published in JCAP. IOP Publishing Ltd is not responsible for any errors or omissions in this version of the manuscript or any version derived from it. The Version of Record is available online at http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2016/06/025
Guidance for Conducting Air Quality Monitoring Studies in Local Airsheds
Creators: name: Baldauf, Richard W.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1993

description: The Lane Regional Air Pollution Authority (LRAPA, Springfield, OR) and the Environmental Protection Agency jointly developed a compact, portable, battery operated, air sampler for characterizing respirable dust (PM[10]) , lead or carbon monoxide (CO) in an airshed. The sampler (LRAPA Portable Sampler, Model 3.1) can monitor in airsheds where permanent sites are not practical in order to estimate the community pollutant exposure and to determine the spatial and temporal variation of pollutant levels. The decision regarding where to locate these samplers in an airshed is often based on subjective considerations. Nontechnical factors, such as convenience and accessibility, may dominate the selection of a specific monitor site within a study area. A guidance protocol was developed which quantitatively establishes the portable monitor locations based on dispersion modeling and statistical analysis. A field study performed in Weehawken, NJ characterized the ambient PM[10] concentrations in the vicinity of the Lincoln Tunnel entrance using the LRAPA sampler. Monitors were located based on the guidance protocol at twelve separate locations within a 2 km X 2 km square grid surrounding the tunnel entrance. Three of these sites contained collocated samplers. Results indicate the siting model performed well, yielding a positive correlation between the model's predicted concentration rank at each site and the actual rank experienced in the field. A calculation of Kendall's correlation coefficient yielded a positive value of 0.253. The model performed best on clear, moderately windy days while less accurate results appeared on days with large fluctuations in wind direction. In addition, the model tended to underpredict the effects of auto emissions on the urban area's total aerosol concentration. The information obtained from the samplers provided a complete depiction of the PM,o concentration distribution throughout the study area. Monitor collocation data demonstrates that the LRAPA samplers provided consistent pollutant concentration measurements with over 90% of the concentration readings yielding differences of less than 5 μ/m^3.
Nonadiabatic bounce and an inflationary phase in the quantum mixmaster universe
Creators: name: Bergeron, Herve
name: Czuchry, Ewa
name: Gazeau, Jean-Pierre
name: Malkiewicz, Przemyslaw
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Following our previous paper, Bergeron et al, Smooth quantum dynamics of the mixmaster universe, Phys. Rev. D 92, 061302(R) (2015), concerning the quantization of the vacuum Bianchi IX model and the Born-Huang-Oppenheimer framework, we present a further analysis of the dynamical properties of the model. Consistently with the deep quantum regime, we implement the harmonic approximation of the anisotropy potential. We thus obtain manageable dynamical equations. We study the quantum anisotropic oscillations during the bouncing phase of the universe. Neglecting the backreaction from transitions between quantum anisotropy states we obtain analytical results. In particular, we identify a parameter which is associated with dynamical properties of the quantum model and describes a sort of phase transition. Once the parameter exceeds its critical value, the Born-Huang-Oppenheimer approximation breaks down. The application of the present result to a simple model of the Universe indicates that the parameter indeed exceeds its critical value and that there takes place a huge production of anisotropy at the bounce. This in turn must lead to a sustained phase of accelerated expansion, an inflationary phase. The quantitative inclusion of backreaction shall be examined in a follow-up paper based on the vibronic approach.
description: 32 pages, 9 figures
title: "The link between microcirculation and energetic metabolism in tumours : in vivo DCE-MRI imaging approach in xenografted mice."
Creators: name: Grellier, Jean-François
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Neoplasia
subject: Haemodynamics / Flow dynamics
subject: Physiological studies
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: Vascular
subject: Oncology

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: STATE OF THE ART FERMENTATION-RESPIRATION Fig. 1 Under low oxygen pressure (anaerobic conditions), animal cells ferment glucose through glycolysis, yielding 2 molecules of ATP per molecule of glucose and lactate as an end-product. Under normal...
title: US elastography : where do we stand?
Creators: name: Lucidarme, Olivier
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Neoplasia
subject: Cirrhosis
subject: Physics
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Elastography
subject: Ultrasound physics
subject: Liver
subject: Breast

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To understand the physical concepts of the different techniques To know the current indications and results of the different techniques To be able to compare the different commercial...
Common Family Routines that occur between Caregivers and Young Children in sub-Saharan Africa: A Scoping Review.
Creators: name: Ramseur, Kevin
name: Franz, Lauren
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022

description: This scoping review is being conducted to compare and contrast descriptions of common family routines that occur between caregivers and their young children with autism spectrum disorder, developmental delay, and typical development in sub-Saharan Africa from 1990-2019. The goal of this scoping review is to summarize caregiver-child dyadic exchanges in the sub-Saharan African context in order to inform the development of culturally-relevant Naturalistic Developmental Behavioral Interventions (NDBI) for young children with autism spectrum disorder..
Enhanced effects of variation of the fundamental constants in laser interferometers and application to dark matter detection
Creators: name: Stadnik, Y. V.
name: Flambaum, V. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We outline new laser interferometer measurements to search for variation of the electromagnetic fine-structure constant $α$ and particle masses (including a non-zero photon mass). We propose a strontium optical lattice clock -- silicon single-crystal cavity interferometer as a novel small-scale platform for these new measurements. Multiple passages of a light beam inside an interferometer enhance the effects due to variation of the fundamental constants by the mean number of passages ($N_{\textrm{eff}} \sim 10^2$ for a large-scale gravitational-wave detector, such as LIGO, Virgo, GEO600 or TAMA300, while $N_{\textrm{eff}} \sim 10^5$ for a strontium clock -- silicon cavity interferometer). Our proposed laser interferometer measurements may be implemented as an extremely precise tool in the direct detection of scalar dark matter that forms an oscillating classical field or topological defects.
description: 8 pages. 1 figure. Published version
The Measurement of [35]S Retention in Incinerator Ash
Creators: name: Davidson, William E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1990

description: The two main objectives of this study were to measure quantitatively the retention of [35]S in residual incinerator ash and to determine the optimal ash sampling method for use at NIEHS. In pursuing these objectives, 12 test burns with known activity and 6 control burns were performed using a dual chamber, starved-air, pathological waste incinerator. The two variables examined for their affects on the retention efficiency of [35]S in the ash were the type of vial incinerated (glass vs. polyethylene) and the chemical form of [35]S (methionine vs. sulfate). The three sample forms tested were ash taken directly from the incinerator, ash ground in a jar mill grinder and extraction fluid obtained using EPA's Extraction Procedure and Toxicity Test Method 1310. Samples from all 18 burns were counted using a liquid scintillation counter and a gas flow proportional counter. Because the data collected on the rough ash were considered to be biased and inconsistent, they were not used for any calculations of retention or mass reduction. A statistically significant difference in the mean [35]S retention was found between the methionine and sulfate forms of [35]s. The mean retention efficiency, considering both detectors and the ground ash and extract fluid sampling methods, for sulfate was 10.54% and for methionine was 1.51%. Ash from burns containing polyethylene and glass vials had a mean retention efficiency of 8.22% which was significantly higher than the 3.84% for burns with polyethylene vials only. It was concluded that until further research is done on the extraction procedure it is best for NIEHS to use the gas flow proportional counter and ground ash for routine sample counting to eliminate problems resulting from ash settling and quench associated with the liquid scintillation counter.
Additional file 1 of Automated peripheral nerve segmentation for MR-neurography
Creators: name: Beste, Nedim Christoph
name: Jende, Johann
name: Kronlage, Moritz
name: Kurz, Felix
name: Heiland, Sabine
name: Bendszus, Martin
name: Meredig, Hagen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Table S1: Network architecture details. Supplementary Table S2: Normal distribution. Supplementary Figure S1: Training loss curves.
title: Ultrasound-guided percutaneous injection for De Quervain’s disease using three different techniques: preliminary results of a randomised controlled trial
Creators: name: Orlandi, Davide
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Musculoskeletal soft tissue
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Puncture
subject: Inflammation

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Purpose: De Quervain's Disease De Quervain’s disease is a painful stenosing tenosynovitis of the first dorsal compartment of the wrist, caused by a thickening of the retinaculum. This impairs the normal sliding of the abductor pollicis longus and the...
Demographic Predictors and Biomarkers of Vascular Injury Associated with Human Cytomegalovirus Infection
Creators: name: Styles, Jennifer
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Human Cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infects between 50-80% of the adult population in the United States (US). We investigated the demographic predictors of HCMV Immunoglobulin G (IgG) seropositivity and the potential of HCMV IgG seropositive status to predict increased levels of vascular injury biomarkers, using a cross-sectional study. Both female and male participants (n=694) were recruited from Chapel Hill, NC and the surrounding area. HCMV IgG and four biomarkers of vascular injury, serum amyloid A (SAA), C-reactive protein (CRP), vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1), and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) were analyzed using commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent and sandwich electrochemiluminesent assays. Of the participants, 56.6% were HCMV IgG seropositive. HCMV IgG seropositivity was associated with increased body mass index, increased age, female gender, non-white or Hispanic ethnicity, and a history of smoking. HCMV IgG seropositivity was significantly associated with increased levels of vascular injury biomarkers ICAM-1 (p=0.01) and VCAM-1 (p=0.0004).
Non-trivial Center Dominance in High Temperature QCD
Creators: name: Ishikawa, K. -I.
name: Iwasaki, Y.
name: Nakayama, Yu
name: Yoshie, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the properties of quarks and gluons above the chiral phase transition temperature $T_c,$ using the RG improved gauge action and the Wilson quark action with two degenerate quarks mainly on a $32^3\times 16$ lattice. In the one-loop perturbation theory, the thermal ensemble is dominated by the gauge configurations with effectively $Z(3)$ center twisted boundary conditions, making the thermal expectation value of the spatial Polyakov loop take a non-trivial $Z(3)$ center. This is in agreement with our lattice simulation of high temperature QCD. We further observe that the temporal propagator of massless quarks at extremely high temperature $β=100.0 \, (T \simeq10^{58} T_c)$ remarkably agrees with the temporal propagator of free quarks with the $Z(3)$ twisted boundary condition for $t/L_t \geq 0.2$, but differs from that with the $Z(3)$ trivial boundary condition. As we increase the mass of quarks $m_q$, we find that the thermal ensemble continues to be dominated by the $Z(3)$ twisted gauge field configurations as long as $m_q \le 3.0 \, T$ and above that the $Z(3)$ trivial configurations come in. The transition is essentially identical to what we found in the departure from the conformal region in the zero-temperature many-flavor conformal QCD on a finite lattice by increasing the mass of quarks. We argue that the behavior is consistent with the renormalization group analysis at finite temperature.
description: 16 pages, 9 figures; 4 tables, an appendix added
title: Therapeutic effect of metabolic parameters measured by 18F-FDG-PET/CT in patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis.
Creators: name: ARISAKA, YUKIKO
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Musculoskeletal joint
subject: PET-CT
subject: Treatment effects
subject: Inflammation

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic disease characterized by chronic synovial inflammation and joint damage. Assessment of the inflammatory activity of RA is important for the prediction of future articular destruction. Anti- TNF-α antibody has...
Optical signatures of electric field driven magnetic phase transitions in graphene quantum dots
Creators: name: Basak, Tista
name: Shukla, Alok
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Experimental challenges in identifying various types of magnetic ordering in graphene quantum dots (QDs) pose a major hurdle in the application of these nanostructures for spintronic devices. }Based upon phase diagrams obtained by employing {\normalsize{}the $π$-electron }Pariser-Parr-Pople (PPP) model Hamiltonian, we demonstrate that the magnetic states undergo phase transition under the influence of an external electric field. Our calculations of the electro-absorption spectra of these QDs indicate that the spectrum in question carries strong signatures of their magnetic state (FM vs AFM), thus suggesting the possibility of an all-optical characterization of their magnetic nature. Further, the gaps for the up and the down spins are the same in the absence of an external electric field, both for the antiferromagnetic (AFM), and the ferromagnetic (FM) states of QDs. But, once the QDs are exposed to a suitably directed external electric field, gaps for different spins split, and, exhibit distinct variations with respect to the strength of the field. The nature of variation exhibited by the energy gaps corresponding to the up and down spins is different for the AFM and FM configurations of QDs. This selective manipulation of the spin-polarized gap splitting by an electric field in finite graphene nanostructures can open up new frontiers in the design of graphene-based spintronic devices.
description: 12 pages, 15 figures (included)
title: Imaging of muscle strain injuries in athletes
Creators: name: Cirule, Ilze
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Musculoskeletal system
subject: Trauma
subject: Ultrasound
subject: MR
subject: Statistics
subject: Outcomes analysis
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Trauma

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: Muscle strain injuries in athletes are common and imaging now plays a crucial role in diagnosis, prognosis and management of athletes with muscle injuries. This study demonstrates the use of imaging modalities in assessing muscle strain injuries and...
Secondary electrons emitted during nuclear $β^{-}$ decay in few-electron atoms
Creators: name: Frolov, Alexei M.
name: Wardlaw, David M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 23.40.-s, 12.20.Ds and 14.60.Cd

description: `Additional' ionization of light atoms and ions during nuclear $β^{-}$ decay is investigated. The procedure which can be used to determine the corresponding transition probabilities and the velocity/energy spectrum of secondary electrons is developed. Emission of very fast secondary electrons ($δ-$electrons) from $β^{-}$-decaying atoms is also briefly discussed.
title: The effect of the intercodylar notch width index on anterior cruciate ligament injuries: a study on groups with unilateral and bilateral ACL injury
Creators: name: GÖRMELİ, CEMİLE AYŞE
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: MR
subject: Musculoskeletal joint
subject: Musculoskeletal bone
subject: Comparative studies
subject: Image verification

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury is the most common ligament injury of the knee and commonly occurs during sports activities. The most common injury pattern is the exertion of varus and internal rotation force on the tibia during knee...
Pusia Swainson 1840
Creators: name: Fedosov, Alexander E.
name: Puillandre, Nicolas
name: Herrmann, Manfred
name: Dgebuadze, Polina
name: Bouchet, Philippe
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Gastropoda
Neogastropoda
Costellariidae
Pusia

description: GENUS PUSIA SWAINSON, 1840
Type species: Mitra microzonias Lamarck, 1811 (M).
description: Published as part of Fedosov, Alexander E., Puillandre, Nicolas, Herrmann, Manfred, Dgebuadze, Polina & Bouchet, Philippe, 2017, Phylogeny, systematics, and evolution of the family Costellariidae (Gastropoda: Neogastropoda), pp. 541-626 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 179 (3) on page 597, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12431, http://zenodo.org/record/14805948
A Design and Performance Analysis of NIEHS Laboratory Hoods
Creators: name: Smith, Thomas C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1990

description: The laboratory hoods found at the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences were quantitatively tested and evaluated in terms of containment performance. The hoods were challenged with a tracer gas. Sulfur Hexafluoride, and peak concentrations leaking from the hood were measured in the breathing zone of a mannequin. The tests proved that laboratory hood performance is subject to baffle position, face velocity, tracer gas challenge height and bottom slot obstructions. These factors had statistically significant effects, P <0.0001, on overall containment efficiency. The results helped to identify the parameters which could be manipulated by the employee, the Health and Safety Branch and facility engineers to provide optimum performance and reduction of hood leakage to below 0.1 ppm.
Higher Spin Conformal Geometry in Three Dimensions and Prepotentials for Higher Spin Gauge Fields
Creators: name: Henneaux, Marc
name: Hörtner, Sergio
name: Leonard, Amaury
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study systematically the conformal geometry of higher spin bosonic gauge fields in three spacetime dimensions. We recall the definition of the Cotton tensor for higher spins and establish a number of its properties that turn out to be key in solving in terms of prepotentials the constraint equations of the Hamiltonian (3 + 1) formulation of four-dimensional higher spin gauge fields. The prepotentials are shown to exhibit higher spin conformal symmetry. Just as for spins 1 and 2, they provide a remarkably simple, manifestly duality invariant formulation of the theory. While the higher spin conformal geometry is developed for arbitrary bosonic spin, we explicitly perform the Hamiltonian analysis and derive the solution of the constraints only in the illustrative case of spin 3. In a separate publication, the Hamiltonian analysis in terms of prepotentials is extended to all bosonic higher spins using the conformal tools of this paper, and the same emergence of higher spin conformal symmetry is confirmed.
description: 32 pages, typos in formulas (3.3), (3.5), (7.3) and (7.4) corrected
Classical Physics and the Bounds of Quantum Correlations
Creators: name: Frustaglia, Diego
name: Baltanás, José P.
name: Velázquez-Ahumada, María C.
name: Fernández-Prieto, Armando
name: Lujambio, Aintzane
name: Losada, Vicente
name: Freire, Manuel J.
name: Cabello, Adán
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A unifying principle explaining the numerical bounds of quantum correlations remains elusive despite the efforts devoted to identifying it. Here we show that these bounds are indeed not exclusive to quantum theory: for any abstract correlation scenario with compatible measurements, models based on classical waves produce probability distributions indistinguishable from those of quantum theory and, therefore, share the same bounds. We demonstrate this finding by implementing classical microwaves that propagate along meter-size transmission-line circuits and reproduce the probabilities of three emblematic quantum experiments. Our results show that the "quantum" bounds would also occur in a classical universe without quanta. The implications of this observation are discussed.
description: 5 pages + 7 pages of Supplemental Material. Published version
title: Sonography for diagnosing the presence and type of groin herniae
Creators: name: Leung, Joyce Hoi Ying
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Musculoskeletal soft tissue
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Outcomes analysis

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Introduction In most patients, inguinal and femoral hernia are clinically apparent and no referral for imaging confirmation is needed. However, in a significant minority of patients, either a groin hernia may not be clinically apparent or the site...
Increased Arousal Induces a Hemifield-Specific Impairment of Attentional Orienting in a Male Subsample
Creators: name: Duecker, Felix
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022

description: Logfiles and raw data underlying the manuscript entitled "Increased Arousal Induces a Hemifield-Specific Impairment of Attentional Orienting in a Male Subsample"
A signature of EeV protons of Galactic origin
Creators: name: Tinyakov, P. G.
name: Urban, F. R.
name: Ivanov, D.
name: Thomson, G. B.
name: Tirone, A. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate signatures that would be produced in the spectrum and sky distribution of UHECR by a population of the Galactic sources of high-energy protons in the energy range around 1~EeV, i.e., around the diffusive-to-ballistic transition. In this regime, the CR flux has to be calculated numerically. We employ the approach that consists in backtracking anti-protons from Earth through the Galaxy and integrating the source emissivity along the trajectory. This approach makes evident two generic features of the transition region: sharp increase of the total flux as the energy decreases across the transition region, and its strong anisotropy (appearance of a bright compact spot) all the way until the onset of the diffusive regime. We then discuss and compare several methods to experimentally detect or constrain these features. We find that a few percent admixture of the Galactic protons can in principle be detected by the current UHECR experiments.
description: 13 pages and 5 figures
title: Usefulness of diffusion tensor imaging parameter in the diagnosis of cervical spondylotic myelopathy: use of 2D single-shot interleaved multisection inner volume diffusion-weighted echo-planar imaging
Creators: name: Lee, Seungbo
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Outcomes
subject: Imaging sequences
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: MR
subject: Musculoskeletal spine

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: To assess correlation between the degree of central canal stenosis and parameters of diffusion tensor imaging in spinal cord of assessment. To assess whether DTI parameter enhance the performance of conventional MR imaging in diagnosis of cervical...
Huge tables and multicommodity flows are fixed parameter tractable via unimodular integer Caratheodory
Creators: name: Onn, Shmuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 05A, 15A, 51M, 52A, 52B, 52C, 62H, 68Q, 68R, 68U, 68W, 90B, 90C

description: The three-way table problem is to decide if there exists an l x m x n table satisfying given line sums, and find a table if there is one. It is NP-complete already for l=3 and every bounded integer program can be isomorphically represented in polynomial time for some m and n as some 3 x m x n table problem. Recently, the problem was shown to be fixed-parameter tractable with parameters l,m. Here we extend this and show that the huge version of the problem, where the variable side n is a huge number encoded in binary, is also fixed-parameter tractable with parameters l,m. We also conclude that the huge multicommodity flow problem with m suppliers and a huge number n of consumers is fixed-parameter tractable parameterized by the numbers of commodities and consumer types. One of our tools is a theorem about unimodular monoids which is of interest on its own right. The monoid problem is to decide if a given integer vector is a finite nonnegative integer combination of a given set of integer vectors, and find such a decomposition if one exists. We consider sets given implicitly by an inequality system. For such sets, it was recently shown that in fixed dimension the problem is solvable in polynomial time with degree which is exponential in the dimension. Here we show that when the inequality system which defines the set is defined by a totally unimodular matrix, the monoid problem can be solved in polynomial time even in variable dimension.
Photoreactivation of UV-Irradiated Coliforms in Wastewater Effluent
Creators: name: Dumais, Constance Marie
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1986

description: Ultraviolet (uv) radiation of wastewater is currently being considered as an alternative to chlorination. However, the problem of the extent of photoreactivation (PR); and under what conditions it would occur most severely has not yet been defined. The parameters of optimal exposure time, sunlight intensity, nutrient content, temperature, and uv dose were examined. These same parameters were also studied under laboratory conditions, using an artificial PR light source. During strong summer sunlight, 60 minutes of exposure gave the maximum amount of repair at temperatures near 25°C. At higher (36°C) or lower (17°C) temperatures, the level of PR declined. Nutrient attenuation, achieved by diluting the sample 1:10 or 1:40 in receiving water did not decrease PR, however a very large decrease in nutrients did negatively affect the level of survival after PR. Under optimal conditions, the effective level of disinfection at a given uv dose was decreased by approximately 67-75%.
Covariant Action for Type IIB Supergravity
Creators: name: Sen, Ashoke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Taking clues from the recent construction of the covariant action for type II and heterotic string field theories, we construct a manifestly Lorentz covariant action for type IIB supergravity, and discuss its gauge fixing maintaining manifest Lorentz invariance. The action contains a (non-gravitating) free 4-form field besides the usual fields of type IIB supergravity. This free field, being completely decoupled from the interacting sector, has no physical consequence.
description: LaTeX, 33 pages; v2,v3: references added; v4: added new section on supersymmetry
title: Posterior Sloping Angle Can Help in Predicting the Contralateral Slip in Patients with Primary Unilateral Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis.
Creators: name: Kwiatkowski, Marcin
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Outcomes
subject: Arthritides
subject: Surgery
subject: Decision analysis
subject: Conventional radiography
subject: Digital radiography
subject: Paediatric
subject: Musculoskeletal joint
subject: Musculoskeletal bone

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE) is a common hip disorder in adolescents. Prophylactic surgical treatment of the contralateral hip remains controversial and no direct guidelines are used in decision making. The aim of this study was to...
title: Evaluation of kinematic behavior of an artificial medial meniscus implant: a pilot study using open-MRI
Creators: name: Verstraete, Koenraad
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Musculoskeletal joint
subject: Musculoskeletal soft tissue
subject: MR
subject: Surgery
subject: Prostheses

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: In this pilot study we wanted to evaluate the kinematics of a knee implanted with an artificial polycarbonate-urethane (PCU) meniscus device, designed for medial meniscus replacement (Fig.1-2). We hypothesized that the PCU-implant would have no...
title: The new WHO classification of Soft Tissue Tumors: a guide for the radiologist
Creators: name: Vilanova, Joan Carles
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Musculoskeletal soft tissue
subject: MR
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Conventional radiography
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Neoplasia

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: 1.- To review the new WHO classification of soft tissue tumors up-to-dated in 2013 2.- To show the main features and modifications adopted from the new WHO classification, specifying the new groups of tumors included 3.- To illustrate the...
Comparison of Single-Agar Layer and Two-Step Enrichment Spot Plate Methods in the Detection of Somatic and Male-Specific Coliphages in NC-Type II Reclaimed Water Samples
Creators: name: Price, Matthew
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: The goal of our study was to determine the effectiveness of coliphage detection in North Carolina Type II reclaimed water by comparing two different coliphage detection methods: the single-agar layer (SAL) assay and two-step enrichment spot plate (ENR) method. The study also compared several E. coli hosts (Famp, CN13, C3000, C3322 and CB390) in the detection of both somatic and male-specific coliphages within water samples of various treatment levels. These treatment levels included raw sewage, primary and secondary treatment (pre-UV) and tertiary treatment (final effluent) provided by five water treatment facilities within the surrounding area of Chapel Hill, NC. After examination of coliphage levels within the various water samples, it was determined that both SAL and ENR methods are equally sensitive with regards to coliphage detection in reclaimed water samples. Therefore it is because of differences in prep time that SAL is the recommended method of choice in coliphage detection over ENR. Furthermore, CB390 is the preferred E. coli host when compared to Famp and CN13 since less resources and time are required in sample preparation.
Low energy scattering phase shifts for meson-baryon systems
Creators: name: Detmold, William
name: Nicholson, Amy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we calculate meson-baryon scattering phase shifts in four channels using lattice QCD methods. From a set of calculations at four volumes, corresponding to spatial sizes of 2, 2.5, 3, and 4 fm, and a pion mass of m_pi ~ 390 MeV, we determine the scattering lengths and effective ranges for these systems at the corresponding quark masses. We also perform the calculation at a lighter quark mass, m_pi ~ 230 MeV, on the largest volume. Using these determinations, along with those in previous work, we perform a chiral extrapolation of the scattering lengths to the physical point after correcting for the effective range contributions using the multi-volume calculations performed at m_pi ~ 390 MeV.
description: Added Figs. 2, 4 and additional discussion to further verify methods. Published version
title: Completed Audit Cycle of Inpatient MRI Waiting Times for Suspected Occult Femoral Neck Fracture
Creators: name: Tiwari, Sandeep
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Trauma
subject: Osteoporosis
subject: Acute
subject: Audit and standards
subject: MR
subject: Musculoskeletal soft tissue
subject: Musculoskeletal bone

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: The possibility of occulthipfracture in older patients after a fall is a common problem in emergency and orthopaedic departments [1]. Occultfracturesof the proximal femur are not evident on anteroposterior and lateral radiographs with the diagnoses...
Local equilibrium in bird flocks
Creators: name: Mora, Thierry
name: Walczak, Aleksandra M.
name: Del Castello, Lorenzo
name: Ginelli, Francesco
name: Melillo, Stefania
name: Parisi, Leonardo
name: Viale, Massimiliano
name: Cavagna, Andrea
name: Giardina, Irene
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The correlated motion of flocks is an instance of global order emerging from local interactions. An essential difference with analogous ferromagnetic systems is that flocks are active: animals move relative to each other, dynamically rearranging their interaction network. The effect of this off-equilibrium element is well studied theoretically, but its impact on actual biological groups deserves more experimental attention. Here, we introduce a novel dynamical inference technique, based on the principle of maximum entropy, which accodomates network rearrangements and overcomes the problem of slow experimental sampling rates. We use this method to infer the strength and range of alignment forces from data of starling flocks. We find that local bird alignment happens on a much faster timescale than neighbour rearrangement. Accordingly, equilibrium inference, which assumes a fixed interaction network, gives results consistent with dynamical inference. We conclude that bird orientations are in a state of local quasi-equilibrium over the interaction length scale, providing firm ground for the applicability of statistical physics in certain active systems.
title: Braquial plexus MRI : how to and when we do?
Creators: name: Alba de Caceres, Ignacio
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Neuroradiology peripheral nerve
subject: Neuroradiology spine
subject: Musculoskeletal soft tissue
subject: MR
subject: Imaging sequences
subject: Efficacy studies
subject: Neoplasia
subject: Image verification

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: BRAQUIAL PLEXUS can be affected by a few pathologies , resulting in often impairment of the upper limb. Although MR imaging is supported by clinical, anamnesis and electrophysiologic studies;know when is indicated and how to do, may help us and is...
title: Game theoretical approach to vehicle dynamic control
Creators: name: Pooyafar, Payam
Publisher: name: Memorial University of Newfoundland
Year: 2023

description: There are multiple objectives that a controller designer pursues in vehicle dynamics, such as safety, tracking, comfort, and efficiency. These objectives are present in different dimensions of longitudinal, lateral, vertical, yaw, roll, and pitch for each vehicle and can be controlled or manipulated by all types of actuators. These actuators can affect the steering, braking, torques at each tire, suspension system, etc. The majority of studies in vehicle dynamics control address either one control objective or control action, and even the ones that address an integrated control structure (including more control objectives and actuators) neglect the counter effects of the controllers/actuators on each other’ objectives. So there exists the question of what can be the most efficient strategy in an integrated structure that provides the optimal solution for any set of objectives and control actions by taking into account the effects of each actuator in a way that no actuator can achieve a better optimal result by deviating from that strategy. Game theory is a field that addresses these types of questions, and its application in vehicle dynamics is called the theory of differential games. This dissertation explores differential game theory in two-player and three-player optimal games in vehicle dynamics. It presents a solution for an integrated optimal problem, where two/three actuators (players) are trying to achieve their own sets of optimal goals by taking into account other actuators' (players) actions. The control problems are categorized into two classes of Linear Quadratic Regulators (LQR) and Control Coupled Output Regulation (CCOR) due to coupling between the output objectives and control actions. The solution for the single-player game exists in the literature for both LQR and CCOR for infinite horizon linear continuous systems. This thesis extends this solution to the two-player and three-player games for continuous systems. After presenting the solution, in theory, the control feedback gains are calculated for the following case studies using linear control models:  The two-player game between active steering and corrective yaw moment  The two-player game between active steering and corrective roll moment  Three-player game between active steering, corrective yaw moment, and corrective roll moment  The two-player player game between active suspension and corrective roll moment The designed feedback gains are used in a closed-loop feedback system on a nonlinear vehicle model with both linear tire and nonlinear tire models. The simulation results for the two/three-player game theory approach are compared with the one player and the two/three payer decentralized approach (normal optimal approach without considering the counter effects of control actions on each others’ cost function). It is shown that the game theory approach provides better performance in terms of control action cost and objective cost in some scenarios.
title: Thigh muscles injuries in professional football players: from diagnosis to follow-up
Creators: name: Orlandi, Davide
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Musculoskeletal system
subject: Musculoskeletal soft tissue
subject: Musculoskeletal joint
subject: MR
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Elastography
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Outcomes analysis
subject: Physiological studies
subject: Athletic injuries
subject: Oedema
subject: Trauma

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Illustrate the normal anatomical appearance of thigh muscles, producing detailed didactical schemes correlating with dHRUS-MR imaging findings and providing a systematic technique for the evaluation of such structures. Provide a clear...