cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Optical resonators based on Bloch surface waves
Creators: name: Menotti, Matteo
name: Liscidini, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A few recent works suggest the possibility of controlling light propagation at the interface of periodic multilayers supporting Bloch surface waves (BSWs), but optical resonators based on BSWs are yet to demonstrate. Here we discuss the feasibility of exploiting guided BSWs in a ring resonator configuration. In particular, we investigate the main issues related to the design of these structures, and we discuss about their limitations in terms of quality factors and dimensions. We believe these results might be useful for the development of a complete BSW-based platform for application ranging from optical sensing to the study of the light-matter interaction in micro and nano structures.
description: 10 pages, 10 figures. To be published in JOSAB
title: Immaterielle Ressourcen als Werttreiber für  (nachhaltiges) Wirtschaften
title: Chancen und Herausforderungen der  neuen Berichtspflicht
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: von Keitz, Isabel
name: Schwedler, Kristina
Publisher: name: Bertelsmann Stiftung
Year: 2023
Subjects: Immaterielle Ressourcen
Nachhaltigkeit
Unternehmen
Berichtspflicht

description: Ab dem Geschäftsjahr 2024 müssen sukzessive rund 15.000 Unternehmen in Deutschland im Lagebericht erläutern, inwiefern das Geschäftsmodell grundlegend von immateriellen Ressourcen abhängt und inwieweit diese eine Wertschöpfungsquelle darstellen. Konkrete Vorgaben zur Berichtspflicht macht die Europäische Union jedoch nicht.
Die am 5. Januar 2023 in Kraft getretene Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive (CSRD) verpflichtet geschätzte 15.000 Unternehmen in Deutschland vermehrt über ihre immateriellen Ressourcen zu berichten. In ihrem Lagebericht müssen sie künftig erläutern, inwiefern ihr Geschäftsmodell grundlegend von immateriellen Ressourcen abhängt und inwieweit diese eine Wertschöpfungsquelle darstellen. Zu den immateriellen Ressourcen zählen zum Beispiel das Know-how der Mitarbeiter:innen oder die Qualität der Kunden- und Lieferbeziehungen. Sie weisen eine große Schnittmenge mit nachhaltigen Aspekten der Unternehmensführung auf. Weil die Europäische Union die Berichtsvorgaben allgemein hält, stehen die betroffenen Organisationen vor der Herausforderung, diese allgemeinen Vorgaben mit konkreten Inhalten zu füllen.
Differential cross sections for top-pair and single-top production
Creators: name: Kidonakis, Nikolaos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I present higher-order results, based on NNLL resummation, for differential transverse momentum and rapidity distributions in processes involving top quarks. In particular results are presented for top-pair production and for single-top production in different channels.
description: 6 pages, 7 figures; presented at EPS-HEP 2013, Stockholm, Sweden, July 18-24, 2013
N$^3$LO approximate results for top-quark differential cross sections and forward-backward asymmetry
Creators: name: Kidonakis, Nikolaos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I present a calculation of approximate N$^3$LO corrections from NNLL soft-gluon resummation for differential distributions in top-antitop pair production in hadronic collisions. Soft-gluon corrections are the dominant contribution to top-quark production and closely approximate exact results through NNLO. I show aN$^3$LO results for the total $t{\bar t}$ cross section, the top-quark $p_T$ and rapidity distributions, and the top-quark forward-backward asymmetry. The higher-order corrections are significant and they reduce theoretical uncertainties.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures; presented at the XXIII International Workshop on Deep-Inelastic Scattering and Related Subjects, Dallas, Texas, 27 April - 1 May 2015; to appear in PoS(DIS2015)
Nicolau, M., Escritura e revelação, segundo o Concilio Vaticano II. Ed. Livraria Apostolado da Imprensa. Vol. de 218 ps. 130x190. Porto 1968
Creators: name: Correia, Francisco Carvalho
Publisher: name: Theologica
Year: 1968

description: Theologica, v. 3 n. 4 (1968)
Heuristic for estimation of multiqubit genuine multipartite entanglement
Creators: name: Mendonca, Paulo E. M. F.
name: Marchiolli, Marcelo A.
name: Milburn, Gerard J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For every N-qubit density matrix written in the computational basis, an associated "X-density matrix" can be obtained by vanishing all entries out of the main- and anti-diagonals. It is very simple to compute the genuine multipartite (GM) concurrence of this associated N-qubit X-state, which, moreover, lower bounds the GM-concurrence of the original (non-X) state. In this paper, we rely on these facts to introduce and benchmark a heuristic for estimating the GM-concurrence of an arbitrary multiqubit mixed state. By explicitly considering two classes of mixed states, we illustrate that our estimates are usually very close to the standard lower bound on the GM-concurrence, being significantly easier to compute. In addition, while evaluating the performance of our proposed heuristic, we provide the first characterization of GM-entanglement in the steady states of the driven Dicke model at zero temperature.
description: 19 pages, 5 figures
Reducing Conservatism in Buckling Analyses of Cryogenic Tanks
Creators: name:  D. DELOISON
name:   L. CHEVALIER
name:   F. MARTEAU
name:   D. MIOT
Publisher: name: Proceedings of  the 9th European Conference for Aerospace Sciences. Lille, France, 27 June - 1 July, 2022
Year: 2022
Subjects: STRUCTURES
MATERIALS
MODELLING
TESTING
VALIDATION

description: ArianeGroup and CNES have a long history of joint research efforts in order to mature technologies and know-how to prepare future products. Studied topics cover the full spectrum (design, materials, manufacturing, ) and deal with all launchers domains (Structures and Materials, Electrical and software, GNC, Liquid and solid propulsion, ) This presentation proposes to illustrate one of these activities, through the example of buckling analyses of cryogenic tanks. Buckling is one of the main sizing driver and is the object of detailed analyses in order to ensure such a catastrophic event will not occur during the life of the launcher (assembly, ground phases and flight). Isotropic cylindrical barrels are used on the Ariane program. These structures are cylindrical shells with a large radius/thickness ratio. They exhibit a strong sensitivity to manufacturing imperfections which drastically reduces the critical buckling load of perfect theoretical structures. This issue is classically handled through the use of Knock-Down Factors such as the ones proposed by NASA [1]. These KDF have been derived through comparisons of test and theoretical results. Though reputed to be (overly?) conservative, these KDF are widely used since they are very convenient. A long-term research program has been implemented, involving testing of hundreds of small-scale specimens and numerical buckling analyses. This resulted in the derivation of alternative KDF for buckling of isotropic cylinders for compression, bending and torsion with pressure. Proposed values are significantly larger than SP8007 when pressure is involved. These KDF can be used during preliminary studies (when design has the strongest impact on mass) or for quick assessments of buckling capacities. Stiffened tanks are also the object of RT work. Current work involves the use of non linear buckling analyses and testing of 3D printed specimens (Figure 1). Some elements of this on-going work will be presented. Figure 1: 3D-printed stiffened specimen References [1] NASA/SP8007-2020/Rev 2, Buckling of Thin-Walled Cylindrical Cylinders
Towards a Better Understanding of the GRB Phenomenon: a New Model for GRB Prompt Emission and its effects on the New Non-Thermal L$_\mathrm{i}^\mathrm{NT}$-E$_\mathrm{peak,i}^\mathrm{rest,NT}$ relation
Creators: name: Guiriec, S.
name: Kouveliotou, C.
name: Daigne, F.
name: Zhang, B.
name: Hascoet, R.
name: Nemmen, R.
name: Thompson, D.
name: Bhat, N.
name: Gehrels, N.
name: Gonzalez, M.
name: Kaneko, Y.
name: McEnery, J.
name: Mochkovitch, R.
name: Racusin, J.
name: Ryde, F.
name: Sacahui, J.
name: Unsal, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We reanalyze the prompt emission of two of the brightest Fermi GRBs (080916C and 090926A) with a new model composed of 3 components: (i) a thermal-like component--approximated with a black body (BB)--interpreted as the jet photosphere emission of a magnetized relativistic outflow, (ii) a non-thermal component--approximated with a Band function--interpreted as synchrotron radiation in an optically thin region above the photosphere either from internal shocks or magnetic field dissipation, and (iii) an extra power law (PL) extending from low to high energies likely of inverse Compton origin, even though it remains challenging. Through fine-time spectroscopy down to the 100 ms time scale, we follow the smooth evolution of the various components. From this analysis the Band function is globally the most intense component, although the additional PL can overpower the others in sharp time structures. The Band function and the BB component are the most intense at early times and globally fade across the burst duration. The additional PL is the most intense component at late time and may be correlated with the extended high-energy emission observed thousands of seconds after the burst with the Fermi/Large Area Telescope (LAT). Unexpectedly, this analysis also shows that the additional PL may be present from the very beginning of the burst. We investigate the effect of the three components on the new time-resolved luminosity-hardness relation in both the observer and rest frames and show that a strong correlation exists between the flux of the non-thermal component and its E$_{peak}$ only when the three components are fitted simultaneously to the data (i.e., F$_i^{NT}$-E$_{peak,i}^{NT}$ relation). In addition, this result points toward a universal relation between those two quantities for all GRBs when transposed to the central engine rest frame (i.e., L$_i^{NT}$-E$_{peak,i}^{rest,NT}$ relation).
description: 24 pages of article (18 figures and 1 table) + 31 pages of Appendix (4 figures + 6 tables), Submitted to ApJ (January 28, 2015)
Race, Wealth, and Solid Waste Facilities in North Carolina
Creators: name: Lipscomb, Hester J.
name: Wing, Steve
name: Cravey, Altha J.
name: Marshall, Stephen W.
name: Norton, Jennifer M.
name: Kaufman, Jay S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: BackgroundConcern has been expressed in North Carolina that solid waste facilities may be disproportionately located in poor communities and in communities of color, that this represents an environmental injustice, and that solid waste facilities negatively impact the health of host communities.ObjectiveOur goal in this study was to conduct a statewide analysis of the location of solid waste facilities in relation to community race and wealth.MethodsWe used census block groups to obtain racial and economic characteristics, and information on solid waste facilities was abstracted from solid waste facility permit records. We used logistic regression to compute prevalence odds ratios for 2003, and Cox regression to compute hazard ratios of facilities issued permits between 1990 and 2003.ResultsThe adjusted prevalence odds of a solid waste facility was 2.8 times greater in block groups with ≥50% people of color compared with block groups with < 10% people of color, and 1.5 times greater in block groups with median house values < $60,000 compared with block groups with median house values ≥$100,000. Among block groups that did not have a previously permitted solid waste facility, the adjusted hazard of a new permitted facility was 2.7 times higher in block groups with ≥50% people of color compared with block groups with < 10% people of color.ConclusionSolid waste facilities present numerous public health concerns. In North Carolina solid waste facilities are disproportionately located in communities of color and low wealth. In the absence of action to promote environmental justice, the continued need for new facilities could exacerbate this environmental injustice.
Schmid, J., El evangelio según San Mateo. Vol. de 572 ps. 1 mapa; Schmid, J., El evangelio según San Marcos. Vol. de 452 ps. 1 mapa; Wikenhauser, A., El evangelio según San Juan. Vol. de 530 ps. 1 mapa; Wikenhauser, A., Los hechos de los Apóstoles
Creators: name: Correia, Francisco Carvalho
Publisher: name: Theologica
Year: 1968

description: Theologica, v. 3 n. 4 (1968)
The Healthy Men Study: An Evaluation of Exposure to Disinfection By-Products in Tap Water and Sperm Quality
Creators: name: Herring, Amy H.
name: Chan, Ronna L.
name: Weinberg, Howard S.
name: Savitz, David A.
name: Luben, Thomas J.
name: Jeffay, Susan
name: Olshan, Andrew F.
name: Singer, Philip C.
name: Perreault, Sally D.
name: Strader, Lillian
name: Buus, Rebecca M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: BackgroundChlorination of drinking water generates disinfection by-products (DBPs), which have been shown to disrupt spermatogenesis in rodents at high doses, suggesting that DBPs could pose a reproductive risk to men. In this study we assessed DBP exposure and testicular toxicity, as evidenced by altered semen quality.MethodsWe conducted a cohort study to evaluate semen quality in men with well-characterized exposures to DBPs. Participants were 228 presumed fertile men with different DBP profiles. They completed a telephone interview about demographics, health history, water consumption, and other exposures and provided a semen sample. Semen outcomes included sperm concentration and morphology, as well as DNA integrity and chromatin maturity. Exposures to DBPs were evaluated by incorporating data on water consumption and bathing and showering with concentrations measured in tap water. We used multivariable linear regression to assess the relationship between exposure to DBPs and adverse sperm outcomes.ResultsThe mean (median) sperm concentration and sperm count were 114.2 (90.5) million/mL and 362 (265) million, respectively. The mean (median) of the four trihalomethane species (THM4) exposure was 45.7 (65.3) μg/L, and the mean (median) of the nine haloacetic acid species (HAA9) exposure was 30.7 (44.2) μg/L. These sperm parameters were not associated with exposure to these classes of DBPs. For other sperm outcomes, we found no consistent pattern of increased abnormal semen quality with elevated exposure to trihalomethanes (THMs) or haloacetic acids (HAAs). The use of alternate methods for assessing exposure to DBPs and site-specific analyses did not change these results.ConclusionsThe results of this study do not support an association between exposure to levels of DBPs near or below regulatory limits and adverse sperm outcomes in humans.
Theoretical results for electroweak-boson and single-top production
Creators: name: Kidonakis, Nikolaos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I present results from recent high-order calculations for the production of electroweak bosons and top quarks. In particular, I discuss $W$ and $Z$ boson production at large transverse momentum, single-top production, and FCNC top production. Theoretical predictions which include higher-order soft-gluon corrections are presented for total cross sections and differential distributions at the LHC.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures; presented at the XXIII International Workshop on Deep-Inelastic Scattering and Related Subjects, Dallas, Texas, 27 April - 1 May 2015; to appear in PoS(DIS2015)
N$^3$LO calculations for top-quark differential cross sections near partonic threshold
Creators: name: Kidonakis, Nikolaos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I present calculations of approximate corrections from NNLL soft-gluon resummation for total and differential cross sections in top-antitop pair production and single-top production in hadronic collisions. I show that soft-gluon corrections from partonic threshold are the dominant contribution to top-quark production and closely approximate exact results. I present aN$^3$LO results for the total $t{\bar t}$ cross section, the top-quark $p_T$ and rapidity distributions, and the top-quark forward-backward asymmetry. I also provide updates for single-top production in the $t$, $s$, and $tW$ channels. Finally, I discuss top-quark production via anomalous gluon couplings.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures; presented at Radcor 2015 and Loopfest XIV, Los Angeles, California, 15-19 June 2015; to appear in PoS(RADCOR2015). arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1506.04068
Exact results for a noise-induced bistable system
Creators: name: Houchmandzadeh, Bahram
name: Vallade, Marcel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A stochastic system where bistability is caused by noise has been recently investigated by Biancalani et al. (PRL 112:038101, 2014). They have computed the mean switching time for such a system using a continuous Fokker-Planck equation derived from the Taylor expansion of the Master equation to estimate the parameter of such a system from experiment. In this article, we provide the exact solution for the full discrete system without resorting to continuous approximation and obtain the expression for the mean switching time. We further extend this investigation by solving exactly the Master equation and obtaining the expression of other quantities of interests such as the dynamics of the moments and the equilibrium time.
Dataset with all variables, Study 1;Dataset with all variables, Study 2;R code for Study 1;R code for Study 2;Supplementary materials with additional analyses from The role of perceived minority-group status in the conspiracy beliefs of factual majority groups
Creators: name: Gundersen, Aleksander B.
name: van der Linden, Sander
name: Piksa, Michał
name: Morzy, Mikołaj
name: Piasecki, Jan
name: Ryguła, Rafał
name: Gwiaździński, Paweł
name: Noworyta, Karolina
name: Kunst, Jonas R.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 520499
subject: Cognitive and computational psychology not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 529999
subject: Other psychology not elsewhere classified

description: Research suggests that minority-group members sometimes are more susceptible to misinformation. Two complementary studies examined the influence of perceived minority status on susceptibility to misinformation and conspiracy beliefs. In Study 1 (N = 2140), the perception of belonging to a minority group, rather than factually belonging to it, was most consistently related with an increased susceptibility to COVID-19 misinformation across national samples from the USA, the UK, Germany and Poland. Specifically, perceiving that one belongs to a gender minority group particularly predicted susceptibility to misinformation when participants factually did not belong to it. In pre-registered Study 2 (N = 1823), an experiment aiming to manipulate the minority perceptions of men failed to influence conspiracy beliefs in the predicted direction. However, pre-registered correlational analyses showed that men who view themselves as a gender minority were more prone to gender conspiracy beliefs and exhibited a heightened conspiracy mentality. This effect was correlationally mediated by increased feelings of system identity threat, collective narcissism, group relative deprivation and actively open-minded thinking. Especially, the perception of being a minority in terms of power and influence (as compared to numerically) was linked to these outcomes. We discuss limitations and practical implications for countering misinformation.
Two-Dimensional Inversion Asymmetric Topological Insulators in Functionalized III-Bi Bilayers
Creators: name: Ma, Yandong
name: Kou, Liangzhi
name: Yan, Binghai
name: Niu, Chengwang
name: Dai, Ying
name: Heine, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The search for inversion asymmetric topological insulators (IATIs) persists as an effect for realizing new topological phenomena. However, so for only a few IATIs have been discovered and there is no IATI exhibiting a large band gap exceeding 0.6 eV. Using first-principles calculations, we predict a series of new IATIs in saturated Group III-Bi bilayers. We show that all these IATIs preserve extraordinary large bulk band gaps which are well above room-temperature, allowing for viable applications in room-temperature spintronic devices. More importantly, most of these systems display large bulk band gaps that far exceed 0.6 eV and, part of them even are up to ~1 eV, which are larger than any IATIs ever reported. The nontrivial topological situation in these systems is confirmed by the identified band inversion of the band structures and an explicit demonstration of the topological edge states. Interestingly, the nontrivial band order characteristics are intrinsic to most of these materials and are not subject to spin-orbit coupling. Owning to their asymmetric structures, remarkable Rashba spin splitting is produced in both the valence and conduction bands of these systems. These predictions strongly revive these new systems as excellent candidates for IATI-based novel applications.
description: 17 pages,5figures
Up-regulation of Tissue Factor in Human Pulmonary Artery Endothelial Cells after Ultrafine Particle Exposure
Creators: name: Hyseni, Xhevahire
name: Huang, Yuh-Chin T.
name: Karoly, Edward D.
name: Dailey, Lisa A.
name: Li, Zhuowei
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: BackgroundEpidemiology studies have linked exposure to pollutant particles to increased cardiovascular mortality and morbidity, but the mechanisms remain unknown.ObjectivesWe tested the hypothesis that the ultrafine fraction of ambient pollutant particles would cause endothelial cell dysfunction.MethodsWe profiled gene expression of human pulmonary artery endothelial cells (HPAEC) exposed to ultrafine particles (UFPs; 100 μg/mL) from Chapel Hill, North Carolina, or vehicle for 4 hr with Affymetrix HG U133 Plus 2.0 chips (n = 4 each).ResultsWe found 320 up-regulated genes and 106 down-regulated genes (p < 0.01, 5% false discovery rate). We noted up-regulation of genes related to coagulation [tissue factor (F3) and coagulation factor II receptor-like 2 (F2RL2)] and differential regulation of genes related to F3 signaling (FOS, JUN, and NFKBIA). Results of quantitative polymerase chain reaction show a significant up-regulation of F3 after 10 and 100 μg/mL UFP exposures. Additionally, the water-soluble fractions of UFPs were sufficient to induce the expression of F3, F2RL2, and heme oxygenase 1 (HMOX1). Treatment of HPAEC with UFPs for 16 hr increased the release of interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8. Pretreatment of HPAEC with a blocking antibody against F3 attenuated IL-6 and IL-8 release by 30 and 70%, respectively.ConclusionsUsing gene profiling, we discovered that UFPs may induce vascular endothelial cells to express genes related to clotting. These results indicate that PM may cause adverse cardiovascular health effects by activating coagulation-inflammation circuitry.
Air Pollution and Odor in Communities Near Industrial Swine Operations
Creators: name: Schiffman, Susan S.
name: Schinasi, Leah
name: Thu, Kendall
name: Marshall, Stephen W.
name: Tajik, Mansoureh
name: Wing, Steve
name: Horton, Rachel Avery
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: BackgroundOdors can affect health and quality of life. Industrialized animal agriculture creates odorant compounds that are components of a mixture of agents that could trigger symptoms reported by neighbors of livestock operations.ObjectiveWe quantified swine odor episodes reported by neighbors and the relationships of these episodes with environmental measurements.MethodsBetween September 2003 and September 2005, 101 nonsmoking volunteers living within 1.5 mi of industrial swine operations in 16 neighborhoods in eastern North Carolina completed twice-daily odor diaries for approximately 2 weeks. Meteorological conditions, hydrogen sulfide, and particulate matter ≤ 10 μm in aerodynamic diameter (PM10) were monitored in each neighborhood. We used mixed models to partition odor variance within and between people and between neighborhoods, and to quantify relationships between environmental factors and odor.ResultsParticipants reported 1,655 episodes of swine odor. In nine neighborhoods, odor was reported on more than half of study-days. Odor ratings were related to temperature, PM10, and semivolatile PM10 in standard but not mixed models. In mixed models, odor increased 0.15 ± 0.05 units (mean ± SE) for a 1-ppb increase in H2S, and 0.45 ± 0.14 units for a 10-μg/m3 increase in PM10 at wind speeds > 6.75 miles per hour. The odds of reporting a change in daily activities due to odor increased 62% for each unit increase in average odor during the prior 12 hr (t-value = 7.17).ConclusionsThis study indicates that malodor from swine operations is commonly present in these communities and that the odors reported by neighbors are related to objective environmental measurements and interruption of activities of daily life.
Sasakian quiver gauge theories and instantons on Calabi-Yau cones
Creators: name: Lechtenfeld, Olaf
name: Popov, Alexander D.
name: Szabo, Richard J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider SU(2)-equivariant dimensional reduction of Yang-Mills theory on manifolds of the form $M\times S^3/Γ$, where $M$ is a smooth manifold and $S^3/Γ$ is a three-dimensional Sasaki-Einstein orbifold. We obtain new quiver gauge theories on $M$ whose quiver bundles are based on the affine ADE Dynkin diagram associated to $Γ$. We relate them to those arising through translationally-invariant dimensional reduction over the associated Calabi-Yau cones $C(S^3/Γ)$ which are based on McKay quivers and ADHM matrix models, and to those arising through SU(2)-equivariant dimensional reduction over the leaf spaces of the characteristic foliations of $S^3/Γ$ which are Kähler orbifolds of $\mathbb{C} P^1$ whose quiver bundles are based on the unextended Dynkin diagram corresponding to $Γ$. We use Nahm equations to describe the vacua of SU(2)-equivariant quiver gauge theories on the cones as moduli spaces of spherically symmetric instantons. We relate them to the Nakajima quiver varieties which can be realized as Higgs branches of the worldvolume quiver gauge theories on D$p$-branes probing D$(p+4)$-branes which wrap an ALE space, and to the moduli spaces of spherically symmetric solutions in putative non-abelian generalizations of two-dimensional affine Toda field theories.
description: 41 pages; v2: minor corrections; Final version published in Advances in Theoretical and Mathematical Physics
Association of Environmental Toxicants and Conduct Disorder in U.S. Children: NHANES 2001–2004
Creators: name: Froehlich, Tanya E.
name: Auinger, Peggy
name: Braun, Joseph M.
name: Daniels, Julie L.
name: Lanphear, Bruce P.
name: Dietrich, Kim N.
name: Hornung, Richard
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to examine the association of tobacco smoke and environmental lead exposure with conduct disorder (CD).MethodsThe National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2001–2004 is a nationally representative cross-sectional sample of the noninstitutionalized U.S. population. We examined the association of prenatal tobacco, postnatal tobacco, and environmental lead exposure with CD in children 8–15 years of age (n = 3,081). We measured prenatal tobacco exposure by parent report of cigarette use during pregnancy, and postnatal tobacco using serum cotinine levels. We assessed lead exposure using current blood lead concentration. Parents completed the Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children to determine whether their children met criteria of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition (DSM-IV ) for CD.ResultsOverall, 2.06% of children met DSM-IV criteria for CD in the past year, equivalent to 560,000 U.S. children 8–15 years of age. After adjustment, prenatal tobacco exposure was associated with increased odds for CD [odds ratio (OR) = 3.00; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.36–6.63]. Increased blood lead levels (fourth vs. first quartile) and serum cotinine levels (fifth vs. first quintile) were associated with an 8.64-fold (95% CI, 1.87–40.04) and 9.15-fold (95% CI, 1.47–6.90) increased odds of meeting DSM-IV CD criteria. Increasing serum cotinine levels and blood lead levels were also associated with increased prevalence of CD symptoms (symptom count ratio, lead: 1.73; 95% CI, 1.23–2.43; symptom count ratio, cotinine: 1.97; 95% CI, 1.15–3.40).ConclusionsThese results suggest that prenatal tobacco exposure and environmental lead exposure contribute substantially to CD in U.S. children.
Outcome Prediction of Construction Change Disputes using Machine Learning
Creators: name: Alqaisi, Aaraf Shukur
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2022
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Going through a Construction Dispute is one of the most stressful events that might take place throughout the course of a project. the time it takes to resolve a Dispute in North America is (14-18) months. If the parties to a construction dispute can forecast the conclusion of the case with some degree of certainty (prior to proceeding with the actual dispute), they will have a greater likelihood of settling the case outside of court even faster. Many researchers studied the use of machine Learning algorithms in predicting the outcome of disputes. They were able to achieve working models up to 91.15% accuracy. This study is focusing on [1] increase the prediction accuracy by limiting the number of variables used in making the prediction. [2] utilized 4 different algorithms (Decision Tree, Random Forest, Neural Network, SVM) to choose the one with better performance The results showed that Random Forest model was the better performing model which achieved (95.0%) accuracy, and outperformed the models developed by former studies.
Symplectic Mapping Class Group Relations Generalizing the Chain Relation
Creators: name: Acu, Bahar
name: Avdek, Russell
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 53D35, 57R17, Secondary 20F05

description: In this paper, we examine mapping class group relations of some symplectic manifolds. For each $n\geq 1$ and $k \geq 1$, we show that the $2n$-dimensional Weinstein domain $W = \{f=δ\} \cap B^{2n+2}$, determined by the degree $k$ homogeneous polynomial $f\in \mathbb{C}[z_0,\dots,z_n]$, has a Boothby-Wang type boundary and a right-handed fibered Dehn twist along the boundary that is symplectically isotopic to a product of right-handed Dehn twists along Lagrangian spheres. We also present explicit descriptions of the symplectomorphisms in the case $n=2$ recovering the classical chain relation for the torus with two boundary components.
description: 21 pages, 8 figures; v.4 incorporates several improvements and corrections suggested by the referee; to appear in Internat. J. Math
Chaotic Boltzmann machines with two elements
Creators: name: Suzuki, Hideyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this brief note, we show that chaotic Boltzmann machines truly yield samples from the probabilistic distribution of the corresponding Boltzmann machines if they are composed of only two elements. This note is an English translation (with slight modifications) of the article originally written in Japanese [H. Suzuki, Seisan Kenkyu 66 (2014), 315-316].
description: 5 pages, 1 figure
Endothelial Dysfunction: Associations with Exposure to Ambient Fine Particles in Diabetic Individuals
Creators: name: Hinderliter, Alan
name: Williams, Ronald W.
name: Styner, Maya
name: Schneider, Alexandra
name: Cascio, Wayne
name: Holguin, Fernando
name: Devlin, Robert B.
name: Herbst, Margaret C.
name: Neas, Lucas
name: Buse, John B.
name: Case, Martin
name: Dungan, Kathleen
name: Peters, Annette
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: BackgroundExposure to fine airborne particulate matter [≤2.5 μm in aerodynamic diameter (PM2.5)] has been associated with cardiovascular and hematologic effects, especially in older people with cardiovascular disease. Some epidemiologic studies suggest that adults with diabetes also may be a particularly susceptible population.ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to analyze the short-term effects of ambient PM2.5 on markers of endothelial function in diabetic volunteers.MethodsWe conducted a prospective panel study in 22 people with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Chapel Hill, North Carolina (USA), from November 2004 to December 2005. We acquired daily measurements of PM2.5 and meteorologic data at central monitoring sites. On 4 consecutive days, we measured endothelial function by brachial artery ultrasound in all participants and by pulsewave measurements in a subgroup. Data were analyzed using additive mixed models with a random participant effect and adjusted for season, day of the week, and meteorology.ResultsFlow-mediated dilatation decreased in association with PM2.5 during the first 24 hr, whereas small-artery elasticity index decreased with a delay of 1 and 3 days. These PM2.5-associated decrements in endothelial function were greater among participants with a high body mass index, high glycosylated hemoglobin A1c, low adiponectin, or the null polymorphism of glutathione S-transferase M1. However, high levels of myeloperoxidase on the examination day led to strongest effects on endothelial dysfunction.ConclusionsThese data demonstrate that PM2.5 exposure may cause immediate endothelial dysfunction. Clinical characteristics associated with insulin resistance were associated with enhanced effects of PM on endothelial function. In addition, participants with greater oxidative potential seem to be more susceptible.
Exact solutions of the (2+1) -dimensional Dirac oscillator under a magnetic field in the presence of a minimal length in the noncommutative phase-space
Creators: name: Boumali, Abdelmalek
name: Hassanabadi, Hassan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a two-dimensional Dirac oscillator in the presence of magnetic field in noncommutative phase space in the framework of relativistic quantum mechanics with minimal length. The problem in question is identified with a Poschl-Teller potential. The eigenvalues are found and the corresponding wave functions are calculated in terms of hypergeometric functions.
description: any comments are wellcome. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:quant-ph/0603077 by other authors
Development of inhalable formulations of disulfiram metabolites for localised treatment of non-small cell lung cancer
Creators: name: Kaya, Ayşe
Publisher: name: Anglia Ruskin Research Online (ARRO)
Year: 2025

description: Pulmonary drug delivery has gained a wide attention for targeted delivery in lung cancer treatment. Zinc Diethyldithiocarbamate (Zn(DDC)2) has a great potential for cancer treatment however, its low water solubility hinders its clinical application. Therefore, the aim of this study is enhancing the solubility of Zn(DDC)2 using cyclodextrins to form inclusion complexes, and to investigate the potential of pulmonary delivery of the developed complexes for pulmonary delivery in lung cancer treatment to help increasing drug accumulation at tumour site with lower doses and less systemic side effects which will benefit in reducing the cost of treatment and give more convenience therapeutic option to the patients.Complexation of Zn(DDC)2 with cyclodextrin was investigated using hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD) and sulfobutylether-β-CD (SBE-β-CD). Using the direct method of saturated solution has increased the solubility of Zn(DDC)2 up to up to 3.92 ± 0.07 mg/ml and 4.46 ± 0.17 mg/ml for 20% w/w SBE-β-CD and HP-β-CD, respectively. Cyclodextrin complexes prevented the drug precipitation and provided better penetration to the cells that resulted in enhancing the cytotoxicity of Zn(DDC)2 by 10-folds compared to free drug. The IC50 of Zn(DDC)2 has decreased from 54.6 ± 1.59 μM for the free drug to 6.8 ± 0.57 μM and 4.9 ± 0.34 μM, for HP-Zn(DDC)2 and SBE-Zn(DDC) respectively. The nebulisation of the complexes was investigated using next generation impactor (NGI) and two stage twin impinger (TSI) using air-jet nebuliser only, the drug output reached up to 73.88 ± 9.27% with fine particle fraction (FPF) around 48.17 ± 3.74% and respiratory fraction of 80.57 ± 1.60 % indicating a good potential for pulmonary deposition of the complexes.Dry powder formulations for Zn(DDC)2-CD complexes were produced using freeze-drying and spray-drying techniques for pulmonary delivery using dry powder inhaler. Spray-drying resulted in powders with desirable aerosolisation properties for inhalation compared to powders produced using freeze-drying. Therefore, spray-dried powders were investigated for further improvement using leucine, the incorporation of 10% leucine further improved the FPF percentage up to 76.77 ± 1.18% compared to 24.69 ± 1.84% for leucine free powders. The delivery of spray-dried powders of Zn(DDC)2-CD complexes with leucine using DPI exhibited better aerosolisation properties than their delivery via nebulisation using air-jet nebuliser. Hence, they have higher tendency to be deposited in the lungs and produce localised effect. Overall, cyclodextrin-based formulations for Zn(DDC)2 using dry powder inhalation showed a great potential for pulmonary delivery in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
Fluticasone Propionate Protects against Ozone-Induced Airway Inflammation and Modified Immune Cell Activation Markers in Healthy Volunteers
Creators: name: Alexis, Neil E.
name: Harris, Brad
name: Tal-Singer, Ruth
name: Gong, Henry
name: Linn, William
name: Peden, David B.
name: Haczku, Angela
name: Hazucha, Milan J.
name: Lay, John C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: BackgroundOzone exposure induces airway neutrophilia and modifies innate immune monocytic cell-surface phenotypes in healthy individuals. High-dose inhaled corticosteroids can reduce O3-induced airway inflammation, but their effect on innate immune activation is unknown.ObjectivesWe used a human O3 inhalation challenge model to examine the effectiveness of clinically relevant doses of inhaled corticosteroids on airway inflammation and markers of innate immune activation in healthy volunteers.MethodsSeventeen O3-responsive subjects [> 10% increase in the percentage of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) in sputum, PMNs per milligram vs. baseline sputum] received placebo, or either a single therapeutic dose (0.5 mg) or a high dose (2 mg) of inhaled fluticasone proprionate (FP) 1 hr before a 3-hr O3 challenge (0.25 ppm) on three separate occasions at least 2 weeks apart. Lung function, exhaled nitric oxide, sputum, and systemic biomarkers were assessed 1–5 hr after the O3 challenge. To determine the effect of FP on cellular function, we assessed sputum cells from seven subjects by flow cytometry for cell-surface marker activation.ResultsFP had no effect on O3-induced lung function decline. Compared with placebo, 0.5 mg and 2 mg FP reduced O3-induced sputum neutrophilia by 18% and 35%, respectively. A similar effect was observed on the airway-specific serum biomarker Clara cell protein 16 (CCP16). Furthermore, FP pretreatment significantly reduced O3-induced modification of CD11b, mCD14, CD64, CD16, HLA-DR, and CD86 on sputum monocytes in a dose-dependent manner.ConclusionsThis study confirmed and extended data demonstrating the protective effect of FP against O3-induced airway inflammation and immune cell activation.
Strict parabolicity of the multifractal spectrum at the Anderson transition
Creators: name: Suslov, I. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the well-known "algebra of multifractality", we derive the functional equation for anomalous dimensions Δ_q, whose solution Δ_q=aq(q-1) corresponds to strict parabolicity of the multifractal spectrum. This result demonstrates clearly that a correspondence of σ-models with the initial disordered systems is not exact.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures included
Emergence of nonlinear behavior in the dynamics of ultracold bosons
Creators: name: Vermersch, Benoit
name: Garreau, Jean Claude
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the evolution of a system of interacting ultracold bosons, which presents nonlinear, chaotic, behaviors in the limit of very large number of particles. Using the spectral entropy as an indicator of chaos and three different numerical approaches : Exact diagonalization, truncated Husimi method and mean-field (Gross-Pitaevskii) approximation, we put into evidence the destructive impact of quantum noise on the emergence of the nonlinear dynamics.
Formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine–Induced Dopaminergic Neurotoxicity via Microglial Activation: A Mediator between Peripheral Infection and Neurodegeneration?
Creators: name: Hong, Jau-Shyong
name: Block, Michelle
name: Zhang, Wei
name: Hu, Xiaoming
name: Zhang, Dan
name: Gao, Xi
name: Wu, Xuefei
name: Fraser, Alison
name: Yang, Sufen
name: Flood, Patrick M
name: Wilson, Belinda
name: Qian, Li
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: BackgroundParkinson disease (PD), a chronic neurodegenerative disease, has been proposed to be a multifactorial disorder resulting from a combination of environmental mechanisms (chemical, infectious, and traumatic), aging, and genetic deficits. Microglial activation is important in the pathogenesis of PD.ObjectivesWe investigated dopaminergic (DA) neurotoxicity and the underlying mechanisms of formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP), a bacteria-derived peptide, in relation to PD. METHODS: We measured DA neurotoxicity using a DA uptake assay and immunocytochemical staining (ICC) in primary mesencephalic cultures from rodents. Microglial activation was observed via ICC, flow cytometry, and superoxide measurement.ResultsfMLP can cause selective DA neuronal loss at concentrations as low as 10−13 M. Further, fMLP (10−13 M) led to a significant reduction in DA uptake capacity in neuron/glia (N/G) cultures, but not in microglia-depleted cultures, indicating an indispensable role of microglia in fMLP-induced neurotoxicity. Using ICC of a specific microglial marker, OX42, we observed morphologic changes in activated microglia after fMLP treatment. Microglial activation after fMLP treatment was confirmed by flow cytometry analysis of major histocompatibility antigen class II expression on a microglia HAPI cell line. Mechanistic studies revealed that fMLP (10−13 M)-induced increase in the production of extracellular superoxide from microglia is critical in mediating fMLP-elicited neurotoxicity. Pharmacologic inhibition of NADPH oxidase (PHOX) with diphenylene-iodonium or apocynin abolished the DA neurotoxicity of fMLP. N/G cultures from PHOX-deficient (gp91PHOX−/ −) mice were also insensitive to fMLP-induced DA neurotoxicity.ConclusionfMLP (10−13 M) induces DA neurotoxicity through activation of microglial PHOX and subsequent production of superoxide, suggesting a role of fMLP in the central nervous system inflammatory process.
Metabolic Syndrome and Inflammatory Responses to Long-Term Particulate Air Pollutants
Creators: name: Chen, Jiu-Chiuan
name: Schwartz, Joel
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: BackgroundHuman data linking inflammation with long-term particulate matter (PM) exposure are still lacking. Emerging evidence suggests that people with metabolic syndrome (MS) may be a more susceptible population.ObjectivesOur goal was to examine potential inflammatory responses associated with long-term PM exposure and MS-dependent susceptibility.MethodsWe conducted secondary analyses of white blood cell (WBC) count and MS data from The Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and PM10 (PM with aerodynamic diameter < 10 μm) data from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Aerometric Information Retrieval System. Estimated 1-year PM10 exposures were aggregated at the centroid of each residential census-block group, using distance-weighted averages from all monitors in the residing and adjoining counties. We restricted our analyses to adults (20–89 years of age) with normal WBC (4,000–11,000 × 106/L), no existing cardiovascular disease, complete PM10 and MS data, and living in current residences > 1 year (n = 2,978; age 48.5 ± 17.8 years). Mixed-effects models were constructed to account for autocorrelation and potential confounders.ResultsAfter adjustment for demographics, socioeconomic factors, lifestyles, residential characteristics, and MS, we observed a statistically significant association between WBC count and estimated local PM10 levels (p = 0.035). Participants from the least polluted areas (1-year PM10 < 1st quartile cutoff: 27.8 μg/m3) had lower WBC counts than the others (difference = 145 × 106/L; 95% confidence interval, 10–281). We also noted a graded association between PM10 and WBC across subpopulations with increasing MS components, with 91 × 106/L difference in WBC for those with no MS versus 214, 338, and 461 × 106/L for those with 3, 4, and 5 metabolic abnormalities (trend-test p = 0.15).ConclusionsOur study revealed a positive association between long-term PM exposure and hematological markers of inflammation and supported the hypothesized MS-dependent susceptibility.