cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Rotated spectral principal component analysis (rsPCA) for identifying dynamical modes of variability in climate systems
Creators: name: Guilloteau, Clément
name: Mamalakis, Antonios
name: Vulis, Lawrence
name: Georgiou, Tryphon T.
name: Foufoula-Georgiou, Efi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 86A04, 86A22, 93B30, 65T60, 47N70, 60G35

description: Spectral PCA (sPCA), in contrast to classical PCA, offers the advantage of identifying organized spatio-temporal patterns within specific frequency bands and extracting dynamical modes. However, the unavoidable tradeoff between frequency resolution and robustness of the PCs leads to high sensitivity to noise and overfitting, which limits the interpretation of the sPCA results. We propose herein a simple non-parametric implementation of the sPCA using the continuous analytic Morlet wavelet as a robust estimator of the cross-spectral matrices with good frequency resolution. To improve the interpretability of the results when several modes of similar amplitude exist within the same frequency band, we propose a rotation of eigenvectors that optimizes the spatial smoothness in the phase domain. The developed method, called rotated spectral PCA (rsPCA), is tested on synthetic data simulating propagating waves and shows impressive performance even with high levels of noise in the data. Applied to historical sea surface temperature (SST) time series over the Pacific Ocean, the method accurately captures the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) at low frequency (2 to 7 years periodicity). At high frequencies (sub-annual periodicity), at which several extratropical patterns of similar amplitude are identified, the rsPCA successfully unmixes the underlying modes, revealing spatially coherent patterns with robust propagation dynamics. Identification of higher frequency space-time climate modes holds promise for seasonal to subseasonal prediction and for diagnostic analysis of climate models.
description: 25 pages
A Pioneer in Transition: Horizon Scanning of Emerging Issues in Germany’s Sustainable Wind Energy Development
Creators: name: Köppel, Johann
name: Biehl, Juliane
name: Wachendörfer, Volker
name: Bittner, Alexander
Publisher: name: Springer International Publishing
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 700 Künste und Unterhaltung::710 Landschaftsgestaltung, Raumplanung::711 Raumplanunug
subject: horizon scanning approach
subject: transformation
subject: sustainable development goals
subject: cumulative effects
subject: landscape-scale conservation
subject: knowledge management
subject: planning approaches
subject: adaptive management

description: With both the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) adopted at the Rio Earth Summit in 1992, certainly no-one anticipated the challenging trade-offs between renewable energy development and conservation of biological diversity. Densely populated Germany ranks third in worldwide installed wind energy capacity, only outpaced by China and the USA so far. However, power and interest shifts via well-organised civil and political opposition indicate that efforts to reconcile climate protection and wildlife conservation cannot be taken for granted. Funded by the German Federal Environmental Foundation (DBU), the horizon scan aimed at identifying the emerging need for collaborative action, based on the viewpoints of various stakeholders and the state of research in wildlife conservation and wind energy development. We applied a multi-faceted, inclusive, and peer-reviewed research process, building on ca. 50 explorative expert interviews, previous research, and a literature review. Interviewees ranged across academia, agencies, wind developers, consultants, associations, and environmental groups. The process yielded 18 emerging issues at the nexus of wind and wildlife, planning and technologies, and social aspects to cope with the challenges ahead. We present a majority of the issues in this chapter and conclude with guiding follow-up principles.
USIA Poll # 1982-I82059: ANZUS and Australia's Security
Creators: name: USIA
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2021

description: Prime Minister Fraser (1); leader of the opposition Hayden (1); Premier of the State (1); opposition leader (3); leader of Liberal Party in Queensland Edwards (1); threat to national security (2); ANZUS Treaty (1); US member of ANZUS (1); ANZUS necessity (1); American warships with nuclear powered engines (1) American warships with nuclear weapons (1).
Leveraging AI to automate detection and quantification of extrachromosomal DNA to decode drug responses
Creators: name: Cope, Oliver
name: Guilbaud, Damien
name: Gurumurthy, Nithya
name: Nenad, William
name: Brunk, Elizabeth
name: Wang, Yue
name: Ford, Christina G.
name: Mehta, Aarav
name: Dennis, William
name: Chen, Jingting
name: Shukla, Kriti
name: Goble, Kohen
name: Cheng, Darby
name: Fessler, Jacob
Publisher: name: Frontiers
Year: 2025

description:
Introduction: Traditional drug discovery efforts primarily target rapid, reversible protein-mediated adaptations to counteract cancer cell resistance. However, cancer cells also utilize DNA-based strategies, often perceived as slow, irreversible changes like point mutations or drug-resistant clone selection. Extrachromosomal DNA (ecDNA), in contrast, represents a rapid, reversible, and predictable DNA alteration critical for cancer’s adaptive response. Methods: In this study, we developed a novel post-processing pipeline for automated detection and quantification of ecDNA in metaphase Fluorescence in situ Hybridization (FISH) images, leveraging the Microscopy Image Analyzer (MIA) tool. This pipeline is tailored to monitor ecDNA dynamics during drug treatment. Results: Our approach effectively quantified ecDNA changes, providing a robust framework for analyzing the adaptive responses of cancer cells under therapeutic pressure. Discussion: The pipeline not only serves as a valuable resource for automating ecDNA detection in metaphase FISH images but also highlights the role of ecDNA in facilitating swift and reversible adaptation to epigenetic remodeling agents such as JQ1.
Long G4-rich enhancers target promoters via a G4 DNA-based mechanism
Creators: name: O’Neal, Wanda K
name: Shell, John E
name: Nguyen, Kevin N
name: Naaz, Sayema
name: Delcher, Haley A
name: Gillespie, Mark N
name: Shaw, Michael H
name: Godang, Noel L
name: Roberts, Justin T
name: Brown, Cana L
name: Dang, Hong
name: DeMeis, Jeffrey D
name: Nguyen, Anita D
name: Patil, Suhas S
name: Alqudah, Shahem Y
name: Borchert, Glen M
name: Dahal, Ayush
name: Paudel, Sunita S
name: Houserova, Dominika
name: Coley, Alexander B
name: Knowles, Michael R
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2024

description: Several studies have now described instances where G-rich sequences in promoters and enhancers regulate gene expression through forming G-quadruplex (G4) structures. Relatedly, our group recently identified 301 long genomic stretches significantly enriched for minimal G4 motifs (LG4s) in humans and found the majority of these overlap annotated enhancers, and furthermore, that the promoters regulated by these LG4 enhancers are similarly enriched with G4-capable sequences. While the generally accepted model for enhancer:promoter specificity maintains that interactions are dictated by enhancer- and promoter-bound transcriptional activator proteins, the current study tested an alternative hypothesis: that LG4 enhancers interact with cognate promoters via a direct G4:G4 DNA-based mechanism. This work establishes the nuclear proximity of LG4 enhancer:promoter pairs, biochemically demonstrates the ability of individual LG4 single-stranded DNAs (ssDNAs) to directly interact target promoter ssDNAs, and confirms that these interactions, as well as the ability of LG4 enhancers to activate target promoters in culture, are mediated by G4 DNA.
Zur Akzeptanz von gentechnisch verändertem Saatgut in der deutschen Landwirtschaft
Creators: name: Voss, Julian
name: Spiller, Achim
name: Enneking, Ulrich
name: Voss, Julian
name: Spiller, Achim
name: Enneking, Ulrich
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Akzeptanz Gentechnik
subject: GV-Saatgut
subject: Technologieakzeptanz
subject: PLS
subject: Partial Least Square
subject: acceptance of genetic engineering
subject: GM seeds
subject: technology acceptance
subject: partial least square

description: Die Grüne Gentechnik ist ein in der deutschen und auch europäischen Landwirtschaft kontrovers diskutiertes Themengebiet. Unabhängig von dem globalen Bedeutungszuwachs – in 2006 wurde auf 102 Millionen Hektar gentechnisch verändertes Saatgut eingesetzt – hat GV-Saatgut in der deutschen Landwirtschaft fast keine Bedeutung. In 2008 wurde in Deutschland erstmals Bt-Mais kommerziell angebaut. Vor diesem Hintergrund analysiert der vorliegende Beitrag Einstellungen und Handlungsabsichten von Landwirten auf Basis eines Strukturgleichungsmodells. Als Grundlage dient eine Befragung bei 370 deutschen Landwirten in Nordwestdeutschland, die größer strukturierte Betriebe bewirtschaften. In der Stichprobe kann insgesamt keine grundsätzliche Ablehnung der Grünen Gentechnik festgestellt werden. Ein Strukturgleichungsmodel gibt Hinweise auf wichtige Faktoren, die die Einstellung und Handlungsabsicht der Landwirte erklären. Die generelle Einstellung wird maßgeblich durch die Handhabbarkeit des GV-Saatguts (d. h. die Integrationsfähigkeit in betriebliche Abläufe und Vertriebswege), die Akzeptanz im Umfeld (Familie, Dorfgemeinschaft) und durch die Einschätzung der wirtschaftlichen Vorteilhaftigkeit erklärt. Bei der konkreten Handlungsabsicht sind die generelle Einstellung zur Gentechnik, der wirtschaftliche Druck und die Akzeptanz im räumlichen Umfeld von hoher Bedeutung. The use of genetically modified seeds is a controversially discussed topic. Regardless of the increased global significance – in 2006 genetically modified (GM) seeds were used on 102 billion hectares – GM seeds have almost no importance in German agriculture. However, the market introduction of Bt-corn is in its first stage. This article analyses attitudes and intentions of German farmers. The results are based on a survey of 370 German farmers which own larger structured farms in the northwest of Germany. The sample shows no clear rejection of GM seeds. A structural equation model reveals important parameters influencing the attitude and intention concerning green genetic engineering. The attitude may be explained by the acceptance within the social environment (family, village community) and by the assessment of the economic advantages. The planned behaviour is mainly influenced by the general attitude towards genetic engineering, the economic environment and by the social environment.
Self-supporting wormholes with massive vector field
Creators: name: Anand, Ankit
name: Tripathy, Prasanta K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we consider a massive vector field in the background of a space-time obtained by certain Z2 quotient of the BTZ black hole. We analyse the back reaction of the matter field on the space-time geometry up to first order in metric perturbation. The expectation value of the stress-energy tensor can be computed exactly by considering its pull-back onto the covering space. Upon a suitable choice of the boundary condition on the vector field around a non-contractible cycle of the quotient manifold it is possible to obtain the average energy on a null geodesic to be negative there by resulting a traversable wormhole.
description: 20 pages, 3 figures
XMM-Newton (cross)-calibration
Creators: name: Kirsch, M. G. F.
name: Altieri, B.
name: Chen, B.
name: Haberl, F.
name: Metcalfe, L.
name: Pollock, A. M. T.
name: Read, A. M.
name: Saxton, R. D.
name: Sembay, S.
name: Smith, M. J. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: ESA's large X-ray space observatory XMM-Newton is in its fifth year of operations. We give a general overview of the status of calibration of the five X-ray instruments and the Optical Monitor. A main point of interest in the last year became the cross-calibration between the instruments. A cross-calibration campaign started at the XMM-Newton Science Operation Centre at the European Space Astronomy Centre in collaboration with the Instrument Principle Investigators provides a first systematic comparison of the X-ray instruments EPIC and RGS for various kind of sources making also an initial assessment in cross calibration with other X-ray observatories.
description: High resolution version available at page: http://xmm.vilspa.esa.es/external/xmm_sw_cal/calib/documentation.shtml#EPIC direct link: http://xmm.vilspa.esa.es/docs/documents/CAL-TN-0055-1-0.ps.gz
MERS-CoV spike vaccine-induced N-terminal domain-specific antibodies are more protective than receptor binding domain-specific antibodies
Creators: name: Leist S.R
name: Wang L
name: Bangaru S
name: Joseph J.
name: Ziwawo C.
name: Kumar A
name: Graham B.S.
name: Cockrell A.S
name: Kocher J.F
name: Shi W.
name: Abiona O.M
name: Denison M.R.
name: Palandjian C
name: Wang N
name: Stevens L
name: Kanekiyo M
name: Matthews H.R.
name: McLellan J.S.
name: Corbett-Helaire K.S.
name: Tsybovsky Y
name: Morabito K.M
name: Schäfer A
name: Graham R.L
name: Rosen O.
name: Kong W.-P.
name: Ward A.B.
name: Werner A.
name: Baric R.
name: Eastman C
name: Mascola J.R.
name: Chappell J.D.
name: Dzuvor C.K.O.
name: Zhang Y.
Publisher: name: Elsevier Inc.
Year: 2025

description: The COVID-19 pandemic underscores the need to prepare for future emerging coronavriuses (CoVs) by understanding the principles behind effective CoV vaccine design such as protective immunity and antibody responses. To study which epitopes and subdomains contribute to in vivo protection, we utilized the prefusion-stabilized spike protein of MERS-CoV, MERS S-2P, as a vaccine immunogen. Vaccination with MERS S-2P elicited both receptor-binding domain (RBD)- and non-RBD-specific antibodies, including N-terminal domain (NTD)-specific G2-and CDC2-A2-like antibodies. Intriguingly, the immunogen MERS S-2P_ΔRBD, MERS S-2P with the RBDs removed, protects comparably to S1 and S-2P immunogens against MERS-CoV challenge. Moreover, passive transfer studies of polyclonal IgG from MERS S-2P immunized mice depleted of subdomain-specific antibodies demonstrated that non-RBD antibodies protected more than non-NTD antibodies. Altogether, these findings illustrate that in-vivo protection is not solely driven by RBD-specific antibodies and highlights the importance of targeting non-RBD sites in future CoV vaccine designs.
Additional file 3 of Complications after surgical management of proximal humeral fractures: a systematic review of event terms and definitions
Creators: name: N. Alispahic
name: S. Brorson
name: C. Bahrs
name: A. Joeris
name: A. Steinitz
name: L. Audigé
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 3. Extracted unfavorable event terms.
„Az Ön akaratlan személyes hatása indított el pályámon”. Goldziher Ignác és Duncan Black Macdonald levelezése
Creators: name: Dévényi, Kinga
Publisher: name: Kőrösi Csoma Társaság
Year: 2021

description: Keletkutatás, 2021. ősz ISSN 0133-4778
Behavioral deficits without motor neuron loss in mice fed cycad : implications for ALS
Creators: name: Hawkes, Erin Lynne
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis-parkinsonism dementia complex (ALS-PDC) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by features of ALS, parkinsonism, and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Occurring primarily in Guam, it has been linked epidemiologically to the consumption of cycad. Similarly, mice fed cycad develop a neurological disorder that mimics ALS-PDC both behaviorally and neuropathologically. In previous studies employing this model, mice were fed cycad for the entire duration of the experiment. However, many human cases of ALS-PDC arise after a period in which little or no cycad is consumed. We therefore hypothesize that feeding cycad to mice for a limited amount of time will lead to the persistence and even worsening of symptoms despite the cessation of cycad exposure. In contrast, we found that the mice may recover from significant behavioral deficits (Experiment 1). In Experiment 2, we sought to extend these findings to older animals that were fed cycad for a longer time. These mice displayed no symptoms through most of the experiment but developed a severe behavioral syndrome months after the cessation of cycad feeding. Both groups of mice had no significant loss of motor neurons in the lumbar spinal cord. These data suggest the possibility of a "window of opportunity" in which symptoms are detectable but neurons are yet rescuable. This highlights the importance of early detection and treatment of ALS.
Pricing Exotic Options in a Path Integral Approach
Creators: name: Bormetti, G.
name: Montagna, G.
name: Moreni, N.
name: Nicrosini, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Pricing of Securities (q-fin.PR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: In the framework of Black-Scholes-Merton model of financial derivatives, a path integral approach to option pricing is presented. A general formula to price European path dependent options on multidimensional assets is obtained and implemented by means of various flexible and efficient algorithms. As an example, we detail the cases of Asian, barrier knock out, reverse cliquet and basket call options, evaluating prices and Greeks. The numerical results are compared with those obtained with other procedures used in quantitative finance and found to be in good agreement. In particular, when pricing at-the-money and out-of-the-money options, the path integral approach exhibits competitive performances.
description: 21 pages, LaTeX, 3 figures, 6 tables
Neonatal outcomes and resuscitation practices following the addition of heart rate-guidance to basic resuscitation
Creators: name: Haug, Ingunn
name: Tshefu, Antoinette
name: Berkelhamer, Sara
name: Mafuta, Eric
name: Patterson, Jackie K.
name: Iyer, Pooja
name: Ishoso, Daniel
name: Bose, Carl
name: Lokangaka, Adrien
name: Myklebust, Helge
name: Eilevstjønn, Joar
name: Kamath-Rayne, Beena D.
name: Nolen, Tracy
name: Lowman, Casey
Publisher: name: Public Library of Science
Year: 2025

description: Aim To evaluate the impact of heart rate-guided basic resuscitation compared to Helping Babies Breathe on neonatal outcomes and resuscitation practices in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Methods We conducted a pre-post clinical trial comparing heart rate-guided basic resuscitation to Helping Babies Breathe in three facilities, enrolling in-born neonates ≥28 weeks gestation. We collected observational data during a convenience sample of resuscitations and extracted clinical data from the medical record for all participants. We evaluated our primary outcome of effective breathing at three minutes after birth among newborns not breathing well at 30 seconds after birth employing generalized linear models using maximum likelihood estimation. Results Among 1,284 newborns with observational data, there was no difference in the proportion effectively breathing at three minutes (adjusted relative risk 1.08 [95% CI 0.81, 1.45]). Among 145 receiving bag mask ventilation, time to bag mask ventilation decreased 64.3 seconds during heart rate-guided resuscitation (p<0.001). Among 10,906 enrolled in the trial, perinatal mortality was unchanged (adjusted relative risk 1.19 [95% CI 0.96, 1.48]) and death before discharge increased (adjusted relative risk 1.43 [95% CI 1.03, 1.99]). Expert review of stillborn cases demonstrated a stillbirth misclassification rate of 33.3% during Helping Babies Breathe versus 5.9% in heart rate-guided resuscitation. Conclusion During heart rate-guided basic resuscitation, time to bag mask ventilation was reduced by greater than one minute. The increase in death before discharge and unchanged perinatal mortality may be due to resuscitation of newborns with a higher risk of mortality who were previously presumed stillborn. A cluster-randomized trial of heart rate-guided basic resuscitation is needed to evaluate its impact on neonatal mortality in low-resource settings.
The orbits of the extrasolar planets HD 82943 c,b
Creators: name: Ferraz-Mello, S.
name: Michtchenko, T. A.
name: Beaugé, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The published orbits of the planets HD 82943b and HD 82943c correspond to a system bound to a catastrophic event in less than 100,000 years. Alternative sets of elements and masses, which fit the available observational data and correspond to regular motions, are presented in this paper. The planets HD 82943 c,b are in a 2/1 mean-motion resonance and are trapped in the neighborhood of a (0,0)-apsidal corotation.
description: 10 figures 5 tables
A Be star with a low nitrogen abundance in the SMC cluster NGC330
Creators: name: Lennon, D. J.
name: Lee, J. -K.
name: Dufton, P. L.
name: Ryans, R. S. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High-resolution UVES/VLT spectra of B12, an extreme pole-on Be star in the SMC cluster NGC330, have been analysed using non-LTE model atmospheres to obtain its chemical composition relative to the SMC standard star AV304. We find a general underabundance of metals which can be understood in terms of an extra contribution to the stellar continuum due to emission from a disk which we estimate to be at the ~25% level. When this is corrected for, the nitrogen abundance for B12 shows no evidence of enhancement by rotational mixing as has been found in other non-Be B-type stars in NGC330, and is inconsistent with evolutionary models which include the effects of rotational mixing. A second Be star, NGC330-B17, is also shown to have no detectable nitrogen lines. Possible explanations for the lack of rotational mixing in these rapidly rotating stars are discussed, one promising solution being the possibility that magnetic fields might inhibit rotational mixing.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures. Submitted to A&A
Optimizing Adherence to Oral Anticancer Agents: Results from an Implementation Mapping Study
Creators: name: Wood, William A.
name: Mackler, Emily
name: Zullig, Leah L.
name: Wheeler, Stephanie B.
name: Bryant, Ashley Leak
name: Lafata, Jennifer Elston
name: Muluneh, Benyam
name: Upchurch, Maurlia
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2025

description: Clinical trials inform cancer care, yet real-world outcomes often diverge due to patient-related factors, like age, organ dysfunction, and nonadherence to oral anticancer agents (OAAs). While oncology organizations emphasize patient support programs, practical guidance on designing and implementing these programs is limited. We conducted a two-phase, mixed-methods study to enhance the adoption, implementation, and sustainability of an OAA adherence program (OAP). In phase 1, we used implementation mapping (IM) with a multidisciplinary expert panel to develop six strategies: (1) memorandum of understanding (MOU), (2) data-driven presentation, (3) standard operating procedures (SOPs), (4) motivational interviewing (MI) training, (5) electronic health record (EHR) templates, and (6) key performance indicators (KPIs). In phase 2, oncology professionals (n = 34) completed surveys, and a subset (n = 10) participated in interviews to assess feasibility, acceptability, and appropriateness. EHR templates and SOPs were rated as the most feasible and acceptable strategies, while MI training and formal agreements received moderate ratings. Interviews highlighted the importance of leadership buy-in, incremental implementation, and clear documentation. Participants valued KPIs for tracking adherence and outcomes but noted resource constraints and staff workload as challenges. Using IM, we co-developed strategies to activate OAA adherence-focused clinical programs. Tools standardizing care, like EHR templates and SOPs, were highly endorsed. Future work will test these strategies in a hybrid trial to improve real-world oncology outcomes.
Phase behaviour of (Ti:Mo)S$_2$ binary alloys arising from electron-lattice coupling
Creators: name: Silva, Andrea
name: Polcar, Tomas
name: Kramer, Denis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: While 2D materials attract considerable interests for their exotic electronic and mechanical properties, their phase behaviour is still largely not understood. This work focuses on (Mo:Ti)S$_2$ binary alloys which have captured the interest of the tribology community for their good performance in solid lubrication applications and whose chemistry and crystallography is still debated. Using electronic structures calculations and statistical mechanics we predict a phase-separating behaviour for the system and trace its origin to the energetics of the $d$-band manifold due to crystal field splitting. Our predicted solubility limits as a function of temperature are in accordance with experimental data and demonstrate the utility of this protocol in understanding and designing TMD alloys.
Oral fentanyl consumption and withdrawal impairs fear extinction learning and enhances basolateral amygdala principal neuron excitatory-inhibitory balance in male and female mice
Creators: name: McElligott Z.A
name: Kmiec G
name: Downs A.M
Publisher: name: Elsevier Inc.
Year: 2024

description: The number of opioid overdose deaths has increased over the past several years, mainly driven by an increase in the availability of highly potent synthetic opioids, like fentanyl, in the un-regulated drug supply. Over the last few years, changes in the drug supply, and in particular the availability of counterfeit pills containing fentanyl, have made oral use of opioids a more common route of administration. Here, we used a drinking in the dark (DiD) paradigm to model oral fentanyl self-administration using increasing fentanyl concentrations in male and female mice over 5 weeks. Fentanyl consumption peaked in both female and male mice at the 30 µg/mL dose, with female mice consuming significantly more fentanyl than male mice. Mice consumed sufficient fentanyl such that withdrawal was precipitated with naloxone, with males having increased withdrawal symptoms as compared to females, despite lower pharmacological exposure. We also performed behavioral assays to measure avoidance behavior and reward-seeking during fentanyl abstinence. Female mice displayed reduced avoidance behaviors in the open field assay, whereas male mice showed increased avoidance in the light/dark box assay. Female mice also exhibited increased reward-seeking in the sucrose preference test. Fentanyl-consuming mice of both sexes showed impaired cued fear extinction learning following fear conditioning and increased excitatory synaptic drive and increased excitability of BLA principal neurons. Our experiments demonstrate that long-term oral fentanyl consumption results in wide-ranging physiological and behavioral disruptions. This model could be useful to further study fentanyl withdrawal syndrome and behaviors and neuroplasticity associated with protracted fentanyl withdrawal.
Chirality and the Conway polynomial
Creators: name: Conant, James
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57M27

description: In recent work with J.Mostovoy and T.Stanford,the author found that for every natural number n, a certain polynomial in the coefficients of the Conway polynomial is a primitive integer-valued degree n Vassiliev invariant, but that modulo 2, it becomes degree n-1. The conjecture then naturally suggests itself that these primitive invariants are congruent to integer-valued degree n-1 invariants. In this note, the consequences of this conjecture are explored. Under an additional assumption, it is shown that this conjecture implies that the Conway polynomial of an amphicheiral knot has the property that C(z)C(iz)C(z^2) is a perfect square inside the ring of power series with integer coefficients, or, equivalently, the image of C(z)C(iz)C(z^2) is a perfect square inside the ring of polynomials with Z_4 coefficients. In fact, it is probably the case that the Conway polynomial of an amphicheiral knot always can be written as f(z)f(-z) for some polynomial f(z) with integer coefficients, and this actually implies the above "perfect squares" conditions. Indeed, by work of Kawauchi and Hartley, this is known for all negative amphicheiral knots and for all strongly positive amphicheiral knots. In general it remains unsolved, and this paper can be seen as some evidence that it is indeed true in general. [Added 2/22/12: Of note is the recent paper arXiv:1106.5634v1 [math.GT] by Ermotti, Hongler and Weber, which finds a counterexample to the conjecture that all Conway polynomials of amphicheiral knots are of the form f(z)f(-z). Intriguingly, their main example still satisfies C(z)C(iz)C(z^2)=f(z)^2 for a power series f(z), making the main conjecture of the present paper that much more compelling, in the author's opinion.]
description: This now closely approximates the published version
Additional file 1 of Diagnostic accuracy of point-of-care devices for detection of anemia in community settings in India
Creators: name: Neogi, Sutapa Bandyopadhyay
name: Sharma, Jyoti
name: Shivam Pandey
name: Nausheen Zaidi
name: Maitreyee Bhattacharya
name: Kar, Rakhee
name: Kar, Sitanshu Sekhar
name: Abhishek Purohit
name: Sanjib Bandyopadhyay
name: Saxena, Renu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1.
Public participation in transportation planning : learning from the Vancouver ’CityPlan’ experience
Creators: name: Haines, Evan Rhys
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: A review of the key literature on participatory planning and transportation planning indicates that there are practically no empirical case studies of public participation in transportation planning and how such cases relate to the generic participatory planning literature. The lack of research is unfortunate because the unique features of transportation planning suggest that this field requires a distinctive set of prescriptions for organizing and facilitating public participation. The avowedly participatory process employed to produce the 1997 Transportation Plan of Vancouver, British Columbia, provides one valuable case from which to draw lessons about opportunities, constraints, and effective strategies for enhancing public participation in transportation planning. The case has been studied for this thesis through open-ended, in-depth interviews with key informants involved in the process leading to the 1997 plan. The findings from the Vancouver case fall under eight categories: the potential and limitations of consensus-building, the role of political will, cooperation between planners and engineers, forms of representation, opportunities for social learning, plan implementation, the degree of detail, and impact assessments. Some of these findings are similar to those in the generic participation literature, but others seem to be novel, indicating that, indeed, the transportation planning sector is a unique field in this topic area. It is concluded that further research could be profitably undertaken on: the role of political will in making the shift to a sustainable transportation system; the potentials and limitations of consensus building as a tool for making such a shift; the necessity of planners and transportation engineers to work together; the level of detail required to render a transportation plan 'implementable' and the various roles individuals can play in participatory transportation planning processes.
South African Parents’ and Grandparents’ Perspectives on the Acceptability of Implant Delivery of Treatment to Young Children with HIV
Creators: name: Scorgie F
name: Montgomery E.T
name: Mathebula F
name: Baez A
name: Johnson L.M
name: Fairlie L
name: Hawley I
name: Cottrell M.L
Publisher: name: Springer
Year: 2024

description: Children living with HIV (CLWH) face unique challenges with adherence to antiretroviral therapy. In South Africa, just over a third of children receiving antiretroviral therapy are virally suppressed. Long-acting, subcutaneous implants may improve outcomes in CLWH compared to current daily oral dosing regimens. Qualitative in-depth interviews and focus group discussions (FGD) were conducted with 50 caregivers of CLHW in Johannesburg, South Africa. Interviews and FGDs were audio-recorded and transcribed. Data were coded and analyzed using Dedoose v9 software and a thematic approach. Caregivers had generally positive impressions of the pediatric HIV treatment implant. They emphasized the advantages of a long-acting and discreet treatment option for CLWH. Cited advantages were perceived to have widespread impact on CLWH, their caregivers, and other social dynamics. Caregivers raised some concerns or uncertainties about the potential efficacy, side effects and safety of the implant. Future clinical testing and outreach efforts may address such concerns and mitigate potential misinformation about implants. This study indicates the need to develop long-acting, discreet, safe, and efficacious HIV treatment options for young children.
What has quenched the massive spiral galaxies?
Creators: name: Luo, Yu
name: Li, Zongnan
name: Kang, Xi
name: Li, Zhiyuan
name: Wang, Peng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quenched massive spiral galaxies have attracted great attention recently, as more data is available to constrain their environment and cold gas content. However, the quenching mechanism is still uncertain, as it depends on the mass range and baryon budget of the galaxy. In this letter, we report the identification of a rare population of very massive, quenched spiral galaxies with stellar mass $\gtrsim10^{11}{\rm~M_\odot}$ and halo mass $\gtrsim10^{13}{\rm~M_\odot}$ from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey at redshift $z\sim0.1$. Our CO observations using the IRAM-30m telescope show that these galaxies contain only a small amount of molecular gas. Similar galaxies are also seen in the state-of-the-art semi-analytical models and hydro-dynamical simulations. It is found from these theoretical models that these quenched spiral galaxies harbor massive black holes, suggesting that feedback from the central black holes has quenched these spiral galaxies. This quenching mechanism seems to challenge the popular scenario of the co-evolution between massive black holes and massive bulges.
description: 5 papes, 3 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS Letters
Additional file 6 of Maternal metal concentration during gestation and pediatric morbidity in children: an exploratory analysis
Creators: name: Karakis, Isabella
name: Landau, Daniella
name: Gat, Roni
name: Nofar Shemesh
name: Tirosh, Ofir
name: Yitshak-Sade, Maayan
name: Batia Sarov
name: Novack, Lena
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 6.
Natural braneworld inflation and baryogenesis
Creators: name: Felipe, R. Gonzalez
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In natural inflation models, the inflaton is a pseudo Nambu-Goldstone boson and the flatness of the potential is protected by shift symmetries. In this framework, a successful inflation requires the global symmetry to be spontaneously broken at a scale close to the Planck mass. Such a high value of the spontaneous breaking scale may not be legitimate in an effective field theory. On the other hand, if natural inflation occurs during the nonconventional high-energy era in braneworld cosmology, the conditions for the inflaton slow rolling can be eased and the spontaneous breaking scale can be lowered to values below the Planck scale. We examine the observational constraints on this scenario and study the possibility that the baryon asymmetry of the universe is generated by the decay of the pseudo Nambu-Goldstone boson during the reheating era.
description: 12 pages, 2 figures; comments added, references updated. Final version to appear in Phys. Lett. B
Quantum Solver of Contracted Eigenvalue Equations for Scalable Molecular Simulations on Quantum Computing Devices
Creators: name: Smart, S. E.
name: Mazziotti, D. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The accurate computation of ground and excited states of many-fermion quantum systems is one of the most consequential, contemporary challenges in the physical and computational sciences whose solution stands to benefit significantly from the advent of quantum computing devices. Existing methodologies using phase estimation or variational algorithms have potential drawbacks such as deep circuits requiring substantial error correction or non-trivial high-dimensional classical optimization. Here we introduce a quantum solver of contracted eigenvalue equations, the quantum analogue of classical methods for the energies and reduced density matrices of ground and excited states. The solver does not require deep circuits or difficult classical optimization and achieves an exponential speed-up of the exact classical algorithms. We demonstrate the algorithm though computations on both a quantum simulator and two IBM quantum processing units.
The intersection of community engagement and team science research: A scoping review
Creators: name: Wright S.T
name: Jewell T
name: Hohl S.D
name: Ramirez M
name: van Rensburg D
name: Carter-Edwards L
name: Zierler B.K
name: Ko L.K
name: Blakeney E.A.-R
Publisher: name: Cambridge University Press
Year: 2024

description: Introduction: Integrating community expertise into scientific teams and research endeavors can holistically address complex health challenges and grand societal problems. An in-depth understanding of the integration of team science and community engagement principles is needed. The purpose of this scoping review was to identify how and where team science and community engagement approaches are being used simultaneously in research. Methods: We followed Levac’s enhancement of Arksey and O’Malley’s Scoping Review Framework and systematically searched PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, ERIC, and Embase for team science and community engagement terms through January 2024. Results: Sixty-seven articles were reviewed. Publications describing integrated team science and community-engaged research have increased exponentially since 2004. Over half were conducted outside of the U.S., utilized qualitative methods, included community-researcher co-development of research question and study design, and described team partnership goals, roles, and management. Fewer studies evaluated partnership, built community capacity, described financial compensation to communities, or described team dynamics facilitation. Conclusion: As researchers continue to integrate community engagement and team science, common criteria and strategies for integrating the approaches are needed. We provide 19 recommendations for research teams, research institutions, journals, and funding bodies in service of advancing the science and practice of this integration.
With a new United Nations resolution on water, sanitation, hygiene, electricity, and waste in healthcare facilities, it is time for a logical framing and consistent vocabulary
Creators: name: Bartram, Jamie
name: Anderson, Darcy M.
name: Kafanikhale, Holystone
name: Ambelu, Argaw
name: Cronk, Ryan
name: Tantum, Lucy K.
name: Ashinyo, Mary Eyram
Publisher: name: Public Library of Science
Year: 2025

description: On December 18, 2023, the United Nations (UN) General Assembly adopted resolution A/78/130, “Sustainable, safe and universal water, sanitation, hygiene, waste, and electricity services in health-care facilities,” which recognizes the importance of these services for the health and safety of patients and healthcare workers and aims to advance progress toward universal access. This resolution is an important advocacy tool for safe healthcare systems and facilities. It advances decades of guidelines and policies from the World Health Organization (WHO), the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), and country governments.
Determinanten der Zeitverwendung für Ernährung in Deutschland: eine ökonometrische Analyse mit Zeitbudgetdaten
Creators: name: Moser, Anke
name: Moser, Anke
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Zeit
subject: Ernährungsversorgung
subject: Ressourcenallokation im Haushalt
subject: Tobit-Modell
subject: Dekomposition time
subject: food provisioning
subject: allocation of time in family households
subject: Tobit analysis
subject: decomposition

description: Zeitbudgetdaten beschreiben, wie viel Zeit einzelne Personen in die unterschiedlichen Tätigkeiten im Tagesablauf investieren. Der Beitrag zeigt am Beispiel der beiden deutschen Zeitbudgeterhebungen 1991/92 und 2001/02 des Statistischen Bundesamtes auf, wie Zeitbudgetdaten für ernährungsrelevante Fragestellungen innovativ genutzt werden können. Im Zeitablauf ist die Zeitverwendung von Müttern für die Zubereitung von Mahlzeiten im Familienhaushalten gesunken. Tobit-Schätzungen weisen darauf hin, dass neben persönlichen Merkmalen und haushaltsspezifischen Charakteristika insbesondere die intrafamiliäre Ressourcenallokation von Zeit den Zeitaufwand bestimmt, der für die Eigenerstellung von Mahlzeiten zu Hause aufgewendet wird. Väter beteiligen sich umso stärker, je geringer ihr Umfang der Erwerbstätigkeit ist und je höher der zeitliche Umfang der Berufstätigkeit ihrer Partnerinnen ausfällt. Der unterschiedliche Grad, zu dem sich Mütter und Väter an der Ernährungsversorgung beteiligen, wird als Anlass genommen, die Dekomposition der Tobit-Koeffizienten nach MCDONALD/MOFFITT durchzuführen. Obwohl Zeitbudgetdaten keinerlei Hinweise auf die Qualität der realisierten Ernährungsversorgung in Familienhaushalten darbieten, verdeutlichen die Ergebnisse, dass eine institutionell organisierte Vermittlung von Wissensbeständen um eine gesunde Ernährung in Kindergarten und Schule zunehmend wichtiger wird. Time budget data describe how much time people invest in different activities of a daily routine. The study presents contributions of time budget data to the nutrition research on the example of German Time Budget Surveys 1991/92 and 2001/02 of the German Statistical Office. Over time, mothers reduced the amount of time spent on food preparation. Tobit analysis reveals that time inputs in cooking, baking and laying the table are influenced by personal as well as household-specific characteristics and especially by intra-family allocation of time. Fathers increase their participation in food preparation as time invested in their own jobs decreases and their partner’s degree of employment increases. The decomposition of Tobit coefficients, following the MCDONALD/MOFFITT procedure, is discussed. The study reveals how time budget data can contribute to household economic research in an innovative way. Although time budget data do not unveil quality and quantitiy of the food in family households, the results of the study demonstrate the importance of institutionally organised nutrition education in kindergarten and school.
Gravitational Field Equations on and off a 3-Brane World
Creators: name: Aliev, A. N.
name: Gumrukcuoglu, A. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effective gravitational field equations on and off a 3-brane world possessing a Z_{2} mirror symmetry and embedded in a five-dimensional bulk spacetime with cosmological constant were derived by Shiromizu, Maeda and Sasaki (SMS) in the framework of the Gauss-Codazzi projective approach with the subsequent specialization to the Gaussian normal coordinates in the neighborhood of the brane. However, the Gaussian normal coordinates imply a very special slicing of spacetime and clearly, the consistent analysis of the brane dynamics would benefit from complete freedom in the slicing of spacetime, pushing the layer surfaces in the fifth dimension at any rates of evolution and in arbitrary positions. We generalize the SMS effective field equations on and off a 3-brane to the case where there is an arbitrary energy-momentum tensor in the bulk. We use a more general setting to allow for acceleration of the normals to the brane surface through the lapse function and the shift vector in the spirit of Arnowitt, Deser and Misner. We show that the gravitational influence of the bulk spacetime on the brane may be described by a traceless second-rank tensor W_{ij}, constructed from the "electric" part of the bulk Riemann tensor. We also present the evolution equations for the tensor W_{ij}, as well as for the corresponding "magnetic" part of the bulk curvature. These equations involve the terms determined by both the nonvanishing acceleration of normals in the nongeodesic slicing of spacetime and the presence of other fields in the bulk.
description: 22 pages, REVTEX4
Stark Effect in Lax-Phillips Theory
Creators: name: Ari, Tamar Ben
name: Horwitz, L. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The scattering theory of Lax and Phillips, originally developed to describe resonances associated with classical wave equations, has been recently extended to apply as well to the case of the Schroedinger equation in the case that the wave operators for the corresponding Lax-Phillips theory exist. It is known that the bound state levels of an atom become resonances (spectral enhancements) in the continuum in the presence of an electric field (in all space) in the quantum mechanical Hilbert space. Such resonances appear as states in the extended Lax-Phillips Hilbert space. We show that for a simple version of the Stark effect, these states can be explicitly computed, and exhibit the (necessarily) semigroup property of decay in time. The widths and location of the resonances are those given by the poles of the resolvent of the standard quantum mechanical form.
description: Plain TeX, 19 pages