cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
8. Why radial velocities?
Creators: name: Perryman, Michael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: Classical astrometry measures star positions in two angular coordinates. But star motions along the line-of-sight can't be determined in this way. Great efforts were made to measure radial velocities from the ground for Hipparcos. Gaia is in the process of tracking more than a million of these radial motions directly from space.
The SDSS/APOGEE Catalog of HgMn Stars
Creators: name: Chojnowski, S. Drew
name: Hubrig, Swetlana
name: Hasselquist, Sten
name: Beaton, Rachael L.
name: Majewski, Steven R.
name: Garcia-Hernandez, D. A.
name: DeColibus, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on $H$-band spectra of chemically peculiar Mercury-Manganese (HgMn) stars obtained via the SDSS/APOGEE survey. As opposed to other varieties of chemically peculiar stars such as classical Ap/Bp stars, HgMn stars lack strong magnetic fields and are defined by extreme overabundances of Mn, Hg, and other heavy elements. A satisfactory explanation for the abundance patterns remains to be determined, but low rotational velocity is a requirement and involvement in binary/multiple systems may be as well. The APOGEE HgMn sample currently consists of 269 stars that were identified among the telluric standard stars as those whose metallic absorption content is limited to or dominated by the $H$-band Mn II lines. Due to the fainter magnitudes probed by the APOGEE survey as compared to past studies, only 9/269 stars in the sample were previously known as HgMn types. The 260 newly-identified HgMn stars represents a more than doubling of the known sample. At least 32% of the APOGEE sample are found to be binary or multiple systems, and from multi-epoch spectroscopy, we were able to determine orbital solutions for at least one component in 32 binaries. Many of the multi-lined systems include chemically peculiar companions, with noteworthy examples being the HgMn+Ap/Bp binary HD 5429, the HgMn+HgMn binary HD 298641, and the HgMn+BpMn+Am triple system HD 231263. As a further peculiarity, roughly half of the sample produces narrow emission in the C I 16895 angstroms line, with widths and radial velocities that match those of the Mn II lines.
Lower critical field and intragrain critical current density in the ruthenate-cuprate RuSr$_{2}$Gd$_{1.5}$Ce$_{0.5}$Cu$_{2}$O$_{10}$
Creators: name: Virgens, M. G. das
name: García, S.
name: Ghivelder, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The lower critical field of the grains, $H_{c1}$, and the intragrain critical current density, $J_{c}$, were determined for the superconducting ruthenate-cuprate RuSr$_{2}$Gd$_{1.5}$Ce$_{0.5}$Cu$_{2}$O$_{10-δ}$ [Ru-1222(Gd)] through a systematic study of the hysteresis in magnetoresistance loops. A reliable method, based on the effects of the magnetization of the grains on the net local field at the intergranular junctions is provided, circumventing the problem of the strong masking of the superconducting diamagnetic signal by the ferromagnetic background. The temperature dependency of $H_{c1}$ and $J_{c}$ both exhibit a smooth increase on cooling without saturation down to $T/T_{SC}$ $\cong $ 0.2. The obtained $H_{c1}$ values vary between 150 and 1500 Oe in the 0.2 $\leq $ $% T/T_{SC}$ $\leq $ 0.4 interval, for samples annealed in an oxygen flow; oxygenation under high pressure (50 atm) leads to a further increase. These values are much larger than the previously reported rough assessments (25-50 Oe), using conventional magnetization measurements. High $J_{c}$ values of $% \sim $ 10$^{7}$ A/cm$^{2}$, comparable to the high-T$_{c}$ cuprates, were obtained. The $H_{c1}(T)$ and $J_{c}(T)$ dependencies are explained in the context of a magnetic phase separation scenario.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in European Physical Journal B
Understanding the Heavy Fermion Phenomenology from Microscopic Model
Creators: name: Sun, Ping
name: Kotliar, Gabriel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We solve the 3D periodic Anderson model via two impurity DMFT. We obtain the temperature v.s. hybridization phase diagram. In approaching the quantum critical point (QCP) both the Neel and lattice Kondo temperatures decrease and they do not cross at the lowest temperature we reached. While strong ferromagnetic spin fluctuation on the Kondo side is observed, our result indicates the critical static spin susceptibility is local in space at the QCP. We observe in the crossover region logarithmic temperature dependence in the specific heat coefficient and spin susceptibility.
Viability of slow-roll inflation in light of the non-zero k_min measured in the CMB power spectrum
Creators: name: Liu, Jingwei
name: Melia, Fulvio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Slow-roll inflation may simultaneously solve the horizon problem and generate a near scale-free fluctuation spectrum P(k). These two processes are intimately connected via the initiation and duration of the inflationary phase. But a recent study based on the latest Planck release suggests that P(k) has a hard cutoff, k_min > 0, inconsistent with this conventional picture. Here we demonstrate quantitatively that most---perhaps all---slow-roll inflationary models fail to accommodate this minimum cutoff. We show that the small parameter `epsilon' must be > 0.9 throughout the inflationary period to comply with the data, seriously violating the slow-roll approximation. Models with such an epsilon predict extremely red spectral indices, at odds with the measured value. We also consider extensions to the basic picture (suggested by several earlier workers) by adding a kinetic-dominated or radiation-dominated phase preceding the slow-roll expansion. Our approach differs from previously published treatments principally because we require these modifications to---not only fit the measured fluctuation spectrum, but to simultaneously also---fix the horizon problem. We show, however, that even such measures preclude a joint resolution of the horizon problem and the missing correlations at large angles.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures. Accepted for publication in Proceedings of the Royal Society A
Anomalous electronic correlations in ground state momentum density of Al$_{97}$Li$_3$
Creators: name: Kwiatkowska, J.
name: Barbiellini, B.
name: Kaprzyk, S.
name: Bansil, A.
name: Kawata, H.
name: Shiotani, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report high resolution Compton scattering measurements on an Al$_{97}$Li$_3$ disordered alloy single crystal for momentum transfer along the [100], [110] and [111] symmetry directions. The results are interpreted via corresponding KKR-CPA (Korringa-Kohn-Rostoker coherent potential approximation) first principles computations. By comparing spectra for Al$_{97}$Li$_3$ and Al, we show that the momentum density in the alloy differs significantly from the predictions of the conventional Fermi liquid picture and that the ground state of Al is modified anomalously by the addition of Li.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Angra Neutrino Project: status and plans
Creators: name: Anjos, J. C.
name: Barbosa, A. F.
name: Funchal, R. Z.
name: Kemp, E.
name: Magnin, J.
name: Nunokawa, H.
name: Peres, O. L. G.
name: Reyna, D.
name: Shellard, R. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the status and plans of the Angra Project, a new nuclear reactor neutrino oscillation experiment, proposed to be built in Brazil at the Angra dos Reis nuclear reactor complex. This experiment is aimed to measure theta_13, the last unknown of the three neutrino mixing angles. Combining a high luminosity design, very low background from cosmic rays and careful control of systematic errors at the 1% level, we propose a high sensitivity multi-detector experiment, able to reach a sensitivity to antineutrino disappearance down to sin^2(2*theta_13) = 0.006 in a three years running period, improving present limits constrained by the CHOOZ experiment by more than an order of magnitude.
description: 2 pages, 1 figure, talk presented by J.C. Anjos (janjos@cbpf.br) at NuFact05, 21-26 June 2005, Frascati, Italy
Experimental Construction of Optical Multi-qubit Cluster States From Bell States
Creators: name: Zhang, An-Ning
name: Lu, Chao-Yang
name: Zhou, Xiao-Qi
name: Chen, Yu-Ao
name: Zhao, Zhi
name: Yang, Tao
name: Pan, Jian-Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cluster states serve as the central physical resource for the measurement-based quantum computation. We here present a simple experimental demonstration of the scalable cluster-state-construction scheme proposed by Browne and Rudolph. In our experiment, three-photon cluster states are created from two Bell states using linear optical devices. By observing a violation of three-particle Mermin inequality of $|< \textit{A}>| = 3.10\pm0.03 $, we also for the first time report a genuine three-photon entanglement. In addition, the entanglement properties of the cluster states are examined under $σ_z$ and $σ_x$ measurements on a qubit.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, submitted
Horizontal Networks and Microfinance Impact Assessment : A Preliminary Appraisal
Creators: name: Copestake, James
name: Copestake, James
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Financial Economics

description: The paper draws on five case studies to explore potential benefits and barriers to horizontal networking to promote impact assessment of microfinance. The papers main aim is to stimulate further discussion of this issue. But some tentative conclusion are drawn about factors likely to contribute towards success. In particular, experience from Honduras suggests that network organisations can work most effectively when they facilitate wider use of IA activities already piloted by a lead member of the network.
Ursa Major: a missing low-mass CDM halo?
Creators: name: Kleyna, J. T.
name: Wilkinson, M. I.
name: Evans, N. W.
name: Gilmore, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recently discovered Ursa Major dwarf spheroidal (dSph) galaxy candidate is about five to eight times less luminous than the faintest previously known dSphs And IX, Draco, and UMi. In this Letter, we present velocity measurements of seven color-magnitude selected UMajor candidate stars. Two of them are apparent non-members based on metallicity and velocity, and the remaining five stars yield a systemic heliocentric velocity of v=-52.45 +/-4.27 km/s and a central line of sight velocity dispersion of 9.3 (+11.7 -1.2) km/s, with 95% confidence that the dispersion is >6.5 km/s. Assuming that UMajor is in dynamical equilibrium, it is clearly dark matter dominated, and cannot be a purely stellar system like a globular cluster. It has an inferred central mass-to-light ratio of M/L~500 and, based on our studies of other dSphs, may possess a much larger total mass to light ratio. UMajor is unexpectedly massive for its low luminosity -- indeed, UMajor appears to be the most dark-matter dominated galaxy yet discovered. The presence of so much dark matter in UMajor immediately suggests that it may be a member of the missing population of low-mass galaxies predicted by the Cold Dark Matter (CDM) paradigm. Given the weak correlation between dSph mass and luminosity, it is entirely likely that a population of dark dwarfs surrounds our Galaxy.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures; submitted to ApJ Letters - minor corrections to first version
On compactified harmonic/projective superspace, 5D superconformal theories, and all that
Creators: name: Kuzenko, Sergei M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Within the supertwistor approach, we analyse the superconformal structure of 4D N = 2 compactified harmonic/projective superspace. In the case of 5D superconformal symmetry, we derive the superconformal Killing vectors and related building blocks which emerge in the transformation laws of primary superfields. Various off-shell superconformal multiplets are presented both in 5D harmonic and projective superspaces, including the so-called tropical (vector) multiplet and polar (hyper)multiplet. Families of superconformal actions are described both in the 5D harmonic and projective superspace settings. We also present examples of 5D superconformal theories with gauged central charge.
description: 41 pages, no figures; V2: typos corrected; V3: typos on page 20 corrected
A twisted approach to Kostant's problem
Creators: name: Mazorchuk, Volodymyr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 17B10; 17B35

description: We use Arkhipov's twisting functors to show that the universal enveloping algebra of a semi-simple complex finite-dimensional Lie algebra surjects onto the space of ad-finite endomorphisms of the simple highest weight module $L(λ)$, whose highest weight is associated (in the natural way) with a subset of simple roots and a simple root in this subset. This is a new step towards a complete answer to a classical question of Kostant. We also show how one can use the twisting functors to reprove the classical results related to this question.
description: 16 pages
The $-12$ mag dip in the galaxy luminosity function of Hickson Compact Groups
Creators: name: Yamanoi, Hitomi
name: Yagi, Masafumi
name: Komiyama, Yutaka
name: Koda, Jin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the galaxy luminosity functions (LFs) of four Hickson Compact Groups using image data from the Subaru Hyper Suprime-Cam. A distinct dip appeared in the faint-ends of all the LFs at $M_g\sim-12$. A similar dip was observed in the LFs of the galaxy clusters Coma and Centaurus. However, LFs in the Virgo, Hydra, and the field had flatter slopes and no dips. As the relative velocities among galaxies are lower in compact groups than in clusters, the effect of galaxy-galaxy interactions would be more significant in compact groups. The $M_g\sim-12$ dip of compact groups may imply that frequent galaxy-galaxy interactions would affect the evolution of galaxies, and the dip in LF could become a boundary between different galaxy populations.
Post-WMAP Assessment of Infrared Cutoff in the Primordial Spectrum from Inflation
Creators: name: Sinha, Rita
name: Souradeep, Tarun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recent Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) measurements indicate that there is power deficiency of the CMB anisotropies at large scales compared with the $Λ$CDM model. We have investigated the possibility of explaining such effects by a class of primordial power spectra which have infrared cutoffs close to the horizon scale. The primordial power spectrum recovered by direct deconvolution of the observed CMB angular spectrum indicates that the data prefers a sharp infrared cutoff with a localized excess (bump) just above the cutoff. We have been motivated to assess plausible extensions of simplest inflationary scenarios which readily accommodate similar form of infrared cutoff. We carry out a complete Bayesian analysis of the parameter space using {\it Markov Chain Monte Carlo} technique with such a class of primordial power spectra. We show that primordial power spectrum that have features such as an infrared cutoff followed by a subsequent excess in power give better fit to the observed data compared to a nearly scale-invariant power law or power spectrum with just a monotonic infrared cutoff. However, there is substantial room for improvement in the match to data and calls for exploration of other mechanisms that may lead to infrared cutoff even closer to that recovered by direct deconvolution approach.
description: Changes to match version accepted for publication in PRD
Biomaterial-enabled 3D cell culture technologies for extracellular vesicle manufacturing
Creators: name: Johnston, James
name: Stone Jr., Trevor
name: Wang, Yichun
Publisher: name: University of Notre Dame
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 31
subject: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are lipid-based particles naturally released from cells and recognized as promising drug delivery vehicles for improving therapeutic outcomes. Efficient manufacturing of therapeutic EVs have been challenging for their clinical translations. Three-dimensional (3D) cell cultures enabled by biomaterial scaffolds have been used as a platform for improving EV manufacturing compared to conventional methods such as isolation from bodily fluids and standard Petri-dish cell culture. Recent studies on 3D culture derived EV production prove it to enhance the EV yield, functional cargos, and therapeutic efficacies. However, there are still challenges with scaling up 3D cell culture production platforms for industrial use. Hence, there is a high demand for designing, optimizing, and implementing large scale EV manufacturing platforms derived from 3D cell cultures. We will first review the current advances of biomaterial-enabled 3D cell cultures in EV manufacturing, followed by the effect of these 3D cell culture platforms on the EV yield, the EV quality, and therapeutic efficacies. Lastly, we will discuss the key challenges and potential for implementing biomaterial-enabled 3D culture in EV manufacturing for large scale processes in the industrial use.
Multiple mechanisms regulate the activity of Gal 4
Creators: name: Rohde, John Roy
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The GAL regulon of Saccharomyces cerevisiae provides a model for the study of eukaryotic gene regulation. Expression of the GAL genes is dependent on the transcriptional activator Gal4. Normally, Gal4 is inhibited by the negative regulator Gal80. Galactose binds to the inducer protein Gal3 which then becomes capable of interacting with Gal80. This causes a conformational change in the Gal4-Gal80 complex that allows Gal4 to activate transcription. Induction of the GAL genes is also associated with phosphorylation of the activator Gal4. Data presented in this thesis demonstrate that Gal4 phosphorylation is required for sensitive response to the inducer galactose. Phosphorylation of Gal4 is dispensible for induction in cells which possess fully functional alleles of GAL3; however, phosphorylation of Gal4 at S699 is absolutely required for the process of "long term adaptation" whereby yeast are able to induce the GAL genes in the absence of Gal3. S699 phosphorylation on Gal4 occurs independently of the Gal3-galactose signaling mechanism. The phosphorylation of Gal4 at S699 is mediated by the RNA polymerase II holoenzyme component SrblO and represents a genetically non-epistatic mechanism of induction to that mediated by Gal3-galactose. In contrast, SrblO and Gal4 phosphorylation at S699 are genetically epistatic with each other. These data suggest that induction of the GAL genes is controlled by two separate signaling mechanisms: one which is galactose specific and acts through Gal3, and a second signal which controls the activity of the transcriptional activator Gal4 through phosphorylation. The major implication of these observations is that multiple signaling pathways converge on a single transcriptional activator through holoenzyme-associated Cdks to regulate its activity, thereby allowing the appropriate level of transcription to match the cells environment and physiological status.
QCD Analysis of Dijet Production at Low {\boldmath $Q^2$} at HERA
Creators: name: Chyla, J.
name: Cvach, J.
name: Sedlak, K.
name: Tasevsky, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent H1 data on triple differential dijet cross sections in $e^\pm p$ interactions in the region of low photon virtualities are shown to be in reasonable agreement with the predictions of the NLO QCD calculations obtained using the program NLOJET++. The implications of this observation for the phenomenological relevance of the concept of resolved virtual photon are discussed.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Exotic interband pairing in multiband superconductors
Creators: name: Samokhin, K. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Contrary to the usual assumption, the electron Bloch states in crystals with spin-orbit coupling do not always transform under symmetry operations in the same way as the pure spin-1/2 states. This has profound consequences for the symmetry properties and nodal structure of superconductors, especially for the interband gap functions. Focusing on tetragonal superconductors, we show that the interband pairing in the conventional (s-wave) channel can have features which are traditionally associated with unconventional pairing, such as triplet components and odd parity, and can produce line nodes in the excitation energy gap. In the d-wave case, the interband pairing, which can also be odd in momentum and have a triplet component, changes the positions and topology of the nodal lines.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures
Data Based Linearization: Least-Squares Based Approximation
Creators: name: Shao, hentong
name: Zhai, Qiaozhu
name: Wu, Jiang
name: Guan, Xiaohong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Linearization of power flow is an important topic in power system analysis. The computational burden can be greatly reduced under the linear power flow model while the model error is the main concern. Therefore, various linear power flow models have been proposed in literature and dedicated to seek the optimal approximation. Most linear power flow models are based on some kind of transformation/simplification/Taylor expansion of AC power flow equations and fail to be accurate under cold-start mode. It is surprising that data-based linearization methods have not yet been fully investigated. In this paper, the performance of a data-based least-squares approximation method is investigated. The resulted cold-start sensitive factors are named as least-squares distribution factors (LSDF). Compared with the traditional power transfer distribution factors (PTDF), it is found that the LSDF can work very well for systems with large load variation, and the average error of LSDF is only about 1% of the average error of PTDF. Comprehensive numerical testing is performed and the results show that LSDF has attractive performance in all studied cases and has great application potential in occasions requiring only cold-start linear power flow models.
Theory of Photon Blockade by an Optical Cavity with One Trapped Atom
Creators: name: Birnbaum, K. M.
name: Boca, A.
name: Miller, R.
name: Boozer, A. D.
name: Northup, T. E.
name: Kimble, H. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In our recent paper [1], we reported observations of photon blockade by one atom strongly coupled to an optical cavity. In support of these measurements, here we provide an expanded discussion of the general phenomenology of photon blockade as well as of the theoretical model and results that were presented in Ref. [1]. We describe the general condition for photon blockade in terms of the transmission coefficients for photon number states. For the atom-cavity system of Ref. [1], we present the model Hamiltonian and examine the relationship of the eigenvalues to the predicted intensity correlation function. We explore the effect of different driving mechanisms on the photon statistics. We also present additional corrections to the model to describe cavity birefringence and ac-Stark shifts. [1] K. M. Birnbaum, A. Boca, R. Miller, A. D. Boozer, T. E. Northup, and H. J. Kimble, Nature 436, 87 (2005).
description: 10 pages, 6 figures
Exact solutions of directed walk models of polymeric zipping with pulling in two and three dimensions
Creators: name: Beaton, Nicholas R.
name: Owczarek, Aleksander L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05A15, 05A16, 82B23, 82B27 82B41

description: We provide the exact solution of several variants of simple models of the zipping transition of two bound polymers, such as occurs in DNA/RNA, in two and three dimensions using pairs of directed lattice paths. In three dimensions the solutions are written in terms of complete elliptic integrals. We analyse the phase transition associated with each model giving the scaling of the partition function. We also extend the models to include a pulling force between one end of the pair of paths, which competes with the attractive monomer-monomer interactions between the polymers.
description: 21 pages, 5 figures
The Moduli Space and Phase Structure of Heterotic Strings in Two Dimensions
Creators: name: Davis, Joshua L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the moduli space of heterotic strings in two dimensions. In doing so, we introduce new lines of compactified theories with Spin(24) gauge symmetry and discuss compactifications with Wilson lines. The phase structure of d=2 heterotic string theory is examined by classifying the hypersurfaces in moduli space which support massless quanta or discrete states. Finally, we compute the torus amplitude over much of the moduli space.
description: 23 pages, 1 figure, harvmac.tex; v2: minor changes to introduction, version to be published in Phys. Rev. D
Single-hole spin dephasing in bulk crystals
Creators: name: Serebrennikov, Yuri A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Decoherence of the hole angular momentum in bulk crystals is described within the framework of non-Markovian stochastic theory. We present the analytical result for the rate of this process. The derivation is based on the new formulation of the multiband Luttinger-Kohn Hamiltonian that reflects the dynamic symmetry of the system.
Quantum localization in bilayer Heisenberg antiferromagnets with site dilution
Creators: name: Roscilde, Tommaso
name: Haas, Stephan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The field-induced antiferromagnetic ordering in systems of weakly coupled S=1/2 dimers at zero temperature can be described as a Bose-Einstein condensation of triplet quasiparticles (singlet quasiholes) in the ground state. For the case of a Heisenberg bilayer, it is here shown how the above picture is altered in the presence of site dilution of the magnetic lattice. Geometric randomness leads to quantum localization of the quasiparticles/quasiholes and to an extended Bose-glass phase in a realistic disordered model. This localization phenomenon drives the system towards a quantum-disordered phase well before the classical geometric percolation threshold is reached.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures; published version
A Comparative Study of Data Storage and Processing Architectures for the Smart Grid
Creators: name: Arenas-Martınez, Marıa
name: Herrero-Lopez, Sergio
name: Sanchez, Abel
name: Williams, John R.
name: Roth, Paul
name: Hofmann, Paul
name: Zeier, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A number of governments and organizations around the world agree that the first step to address national and international problems such as energy independence, global warming or emergency resilience, is the redesign of electricity networks, known as Smart Grids. Typically, power grids have broadcast power from generation plants to large population of consumers on a sub-optimal way. Nevertheless, the fusion of energy delivery networks and digital information networks, along with the introduction of intelligent monitoring systems (Smart Meters) and renewable energies, would enable two-way electricity trading relationships between electricity suppliers and electricity consumers. The availability of real-time information on electricity demand and pricing, would enable suppliers optimizing their delivery systems, while consumers would have the means to minimize their bill by turning on appliances at off-peak hours. The construction of the Smart Grid entails the design and deployment of information networks and systems of unprecedented requirements on storage, real-time event processing and availability. In this paper, a series of system architectures to store and process Smart Meter reading data are explored and compared aiming to establish a solid foundation in which future intelligent systems could be supported.
The Confining Heterotic Brane Gas: A Non-Inflationary Solution to the Entropy and Horizon Problems of Standard Cosmology
Creators: name: Brandenberger, Robert
name: Shuhmaher, Natalia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a mechanism for solving the horizon and entropy problems of standard cosmology which does not make use of cosmological inflation. Crucial ingredients of our scenario are brane gases, extra dimensions, and a confining potential due to string gas effects which becomes dominant at string-scale brane separations. The initial conditions are taken to be a statistically homogeneous and isotropic hot brane gas in a space in which all spatial dimensions are of string scale. The extra dimensions which end up as the internal ones are orbifolded. The hot brane gas leads to an initial phase (Phase 1) of isotropic expansion. Once the bulk energy density has decreased sufficiently, a weak confining potential between the two orbifold fixed planes begins to dominate, leading to a contraction of the extra spatial dimensions (Phase 2). String modes which contain momentum about the dimensions perpendicular to the orbifold fixed planes provide a repulsive potential which prevents the two orbifold fixed planes from colliding. The radii of the extra dimensions stabilize, and thereafter our three spatial dimensions expand as in standard cosmology. The energy density after the stabilization of the extra dimensions is of string scale, whereas the spatial volume has greatly increased during Phases 1 and 2, thus leading to a non-inflationary solution of the horizon and entropy problems.
description: 7 pages, no figures, small error in Section IV corrected
11. Astrometric microlensing
Creators: name: Perryman, Michael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: Gravitational microlensing is the bending of light due to a massive body. It occurs through the chance alignment of stars along the line-of-sight. The changing brightness of the background star gives a powerful technique for discovering exoplanets.  For the first time, tiny shifts in the positions of the distorted images can also be detected by Gaia.
Stable Higgs mode in anisotropic quantum magnets
Creators: name: Su, Ying
name: Masaki-Kato, A.
name: Zhu, Wei
name: Zhu, Jian-Xin
name: Kamiya, Yoshitomo
name: Lin, Shi-Zeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Low-energy excitations associated with the amplitude fluctuation of an order parameter in condensed matter systems can mimic the Higgs boson, an elementary particle in the standard model, and are dubbed as Higgs modes. Identifying the condensed-matter Higgs mode is challenging because it is known in many cases to decay rapidly into other low-energy bosonic modes, which renders the Higgs mode invisible. Therefore, it is desirable to find a way to stabilize the Higgs mode, which can offer an insight into the stabilization mechanism of the Higgs mode in condensed matter physics. In quantum magnets, magnetic order caused by spontaneous symmetry breaking supports transverse (magnons) and longitudinal (Higgs modes) fluctuations. When a continuous symmetry is broken, the Goldstone magnon mode generally has a lower excitation energy than the Higgs mode, causing a rapid decay of the latter. In this work, we show that a stable Higgs mode exists in anisotropic quantum magnets near the quantum critical point between the dimerized and magnetically ordered phases. We find that an easy axis anisotropy increases the magnon gap such that the magnon mode is above the Higgs mode near the quantum critical point, and the decay of the Higgs mode into the magnon mode is forbidden kinematically. Our results suggest that the anisotropic quantum magnets provide ideal platforms to explore the Higgs physics in condensed matter systems.
description: 11 pages and 7 figures
OFF-FARM LABOR SUPPLY RESPONSES TO PERMANENT AND TRANSITORY FARM INCOME
Creators: name: Kwon, Chul-Woo
name: Orazem, Peter F.
name: Otto, Daniel M.
name: Kwon, Chul-Woo
name: Orazem, Peter F.
name: Otto, Daniel M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Agricultural Finance
Labor and Human Capital

description: A sample of Iowa farm couples is used to evaluate whether off-farm labor supply decisions respond to permanent and transitory components of farm income. Off-farm labor supply of both spouses declines in response to increases in permanent farm income. Farm wives also reduce off-farm labor supply in response to positive transitory farm income shocks. Consequently, one mechanism farm households use to smooth their goods consumption when facing fluctuating farm income is to modify their consumption of leisure. Ability to smooth goods consumption does not imply the absence of liquidity constraints among farm households unless leisure consumption is also smoothed.
title: A role for mitsugumin 23 in cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium leak
Creators: name: Robertson, Gavin B.
Publisher: name: University of St Andrews
Year: 2019

description: Carefully controlled intracellular Ca²⁺-release is essential for maintenance of normal cardiac function. In failing hearts, dysregulated Zn²⁺-homeostasis is associated with disrupted intracellular Ca²⁺-homeostasis, however the underlying molecular mechanisms remain elusive. Mitsugumin 23 (MG23) is a newly identified SR Ca²⁺- permeable ion channel found in sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) membranes, challenging understanding that RyR2 is the only SR Ca²⁺-release channel. The major hypothesis of this thesis is that MG23 is a Zn²⁺-regulated SR Ca²⁺-leak channel, and that this function plays a key role in disease progression mechanisms in heart failure. The aim of this study was to investigate at the molecular level how Zn²⁺ regulates MG23-channel function and how this shapes intracellular Ca²⁺-dynamics in the failing heart. Using single-channel electrophysiological techniques, this study demonstrated that RyR2 is not the only SR Ca²⁺-channel directly modulated by Zn²⁺. Pathophysiological (≥1 nM) levels of cytosolic Zn²⁺ potentiated MG23-channel activity, with the current amplitude of MG23-channel openings found to be consistent to that previously reported as RyR2 sub-conductance gating. In bilayer experiments using SR vesicles isolated from MG23 knock-out mice, RyR2 sub-conductance gating was never observed. These data reveal that following elevation of Zn²⁺ in heart failure, RyR2 sub-conductance gating does not occur but rather MG23-channel gating becomes exacerbated likely resulting in cardiac dysfunction. Live-cell Ca²⁺-imaging in isolated mouse cardiomyocytes demonstrated that MG23 function as a Ca²⁺-leak channel is an important determinant of SR Ca²⁺ content. In cardiomyocytes exposed to ischaemia, MG23-mediated Ca²⁺-leak provided cardioprotection against SR Ca²⁺-store overload-induced spontaneous Ca²⁺-release. Increased MG23 protein expression observed following prolonged exposure to hypoxia may contribute to altered Ca²⁺-dynamics associated with cardiac remodelling in chronic heart failure. This study also provided the first demonstration of the Zn²⁺-permeability of MG23, suggesting that MG23 can mediate SR Zn²⁺-flux following redistribution of ionic balance across the SR membrane during EC-coupling or following disruption of homeostatic mechanisms. Taken together these findings identify a key role for MG23 as a SR Ca²⁺-leak channel in both normal and disrupted cardiac function, highlighting MG23 as a potential therapeutic target in the treatment of the failing heart.
Noise-induced clustering in Hamiltonian systems
Creators: name: Makarov, D. V.
name: Uleysky, M. Yu.
name: Budyansky, M. V
name: Prants, S. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The motion of oscillatory-like nonlinear Hamiltonian systems, driven by a weak noise, is considered. A general method to find regions of stability in the phase space of a randomly-driven system, based on a specific Poincaré map, is proposed and justified. Physical manifestations of these regions of stability, the so-called coherent clusters, are demonstrated with two models in ocean physics. We find bunches of sound rays propagating coherently in an underwater waveguide through a randomly fluctuating ocean at long distances. We find clusters of passive particles to be advected coherently by a random two-dimensional flow modelling mixing around a topographic eddy in the ocean.
Repeat breeding in buffaloes: Prevalence, Risk factors, Diagnosis and Treatment
Creators: name: Dr. Abhay Kumar Meena *1, Dr.Vikram Singh Gurjar2, Dr. Virendra Kumar3 and  Dr. Arvind Kumar
Publisher: name: trends in Agriculture Science
Year: 2024

description:  

Failure of pregnancy establishment referred to as repeat breeding (RB) is one of the biggest reproductive problems in female buffaloes, however compared to cattle the incidence of repeat breeding in the buffalo is low (8.68% vs. 18.79%). Pregnancy failure in buffaloes is common during the hot summer months. The problem is exacerbated by poor nutrition, poor management and poor housing. Failure of buffaloes to conceive with 3 consecutive artificial inseminations (AI) or natural matings during the breeding season, is considered as repeat breeding. The etiology of RB appears to be multifactorial and has been recently described under the headings of failure of fertilization and early embryonic deaths .Clinical evaluations mention that endometritis is the most frequent cause of failure of fertilization in RB buffaloes, whereas improper insemination and poor semen quality are the bull-side factors for fertilization failure in RB buffaloes . Early embryonic deaths in buffaloes originate due to low luteal progesterone and seasonal influence on corpus luteum (CL) development.
Formation of massive black holes in ultra-compact dwarf galaxies: migration of primordial intermediate-mass black holes in N-body simulation
Creators: name: Wirth, Henriette
name: Bekki, Kenji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent observational studies of ultra-compact dwarf galaxies (UCDs) have discovered massive black holes (MBHs) with masses of more than ${10^6~\rm M_\odot}$, in their central regions. We here consider that these MBHs can be formed through merging of intermediate-mass black holes (IMBH), with masses of ${[10^3-10^5]~{\rm M}_{\odot}}$, within the stellar nuclei of dwarf galaxies, which are progenitors of UCDs. We numerically investigate this formation process for a wide range of model parameters using N-body simulations. This means that IMBH growth and feedback is neglected in this study. We find that only massive IMBHs of $10^5~\rm M_\odot$ sink into the central regions of their host dwarf ($\approx 10^{10}~\rm M_\odot$) to be gravitationally trapped by its stellar nucleus within less than 1 Gyr in most dwarf models. We also find that lighter IMBHs with $[1 - 30] \times 10^3~\rm M_\odot$ sink into the centre in low-mass dwarfs ($\approx 10^{9}~\rm M_\odot$) due to more efficient dynamical friction (DF). Additionally, we show that the IMBHs can form binaries in the centre and, rarely, before they reach the centre, which may lead to the IMBHs merging and thus emitting gravitational waves that could be detected by LISA. Finally, we discuss the required number of IMBHs for the MBH formation in UCDs and the physical roles of stellar nuclei in IMBH binaries and mergers.
description: 13 pages, 13 figures, accepted by MNRAS
Supplementary Methods from An in vitro
Creators: name: Hardman, David
name: Hennig, Katharina
name: Gomes, Edgar R.
name: Roman, William
name: Bernabeu, Miguel O.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 310113
subject: Synthetic biology
classificationCode: 310299
subject: Bioinformatics and computational biology not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 490102
subject: Biological mathematics

description: Detailed methods of ABM and ABC-SMC methodology
General analytic formulae for attractor solutions of scalar-field dark energy models and their multi-field generalizations
Creators: name: Tsujikawa, Shinji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study general properties of attractors for scalar-field dark energy scenarios which possess cosmological scaling solutions. In all such models there exists a scalar-field dominant solution with an energy fraction Ω_ϕ=1 together with a scaling solution. A general analytic formula is given to derive fixed points relevant to dark energy coupled to dark matter. We investigate the stability of fixed points without specifying the models of dark energy in the presence of non-relativistic dark matter and provide a general proof that a non-phantom scalar-field dominant solution is unstable when a stable scaling solution exists in the region Ω_ϕ<1. A phantom scalar-field dominant fixed point is found to be classically stable. We also generalize the analysis to the case of multiple scalar fields and show that for a non-phantom scalar field assisted acceleration always occurs for all scalar-field models which have scaling solutions. For a phantom field the equation of state approaches that of cosmological constant as we add more scalar fields.
description: 11 pages, no figures, version to appear in Physical Review D
12. Planet mandalas
Creators: name: Perryman, Michael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: Each planet around a star pulls on the star as it orbits, affecting the motion of the star itself. Multiple planets pull by different amounts, and with different periods. The result is that the star moves along a complex path through space, each planetary system with its own distinct 'fingerprint'. Gaia is measuring these remarkable movements.
title: Review: "Gdańsk – miasto od nowa. Kształtowanie społeczeństwa i warunki bytowe w latach 1945–1970"/ Piotr Perkowski. Gdańsk: Słowo/Obraz Terytoria, 2013. ISBN 978-83-7453-118-4
Creators: name: Mitter, Adrian
name: Digitale Wissenschaftsplattform Pol-Int (Www.Pol-Int.Org)
Publisher: name: Europa-Universität Viadrina Frankfurt
Year: 2021

description: Piotr Perkowski's "Gdańsk - Miasto od nowa" is another addition to the growing body of urban history works on the Polish West after 1945. Yet, Perkowski's study stands out, as it does not primarily focus on the changing physical and political processes in the cityscape from a German to a Polish character as many other works do. Instead, the author conducts a highly readable socio-historical analysis of Gdańsk's post-war society, with a strong focus on the citizens' every-day life under communism. Since the study spans to 1970, Perkowski is able to provide his readers with a colorful image of Gdańsk during the exciting period between the end of the war and the rise of the Solidarność (Solidarity) movement. This unique perspective does not only close a gap in the existing scholarship, but it also allows the author to analyze how long term developments in the city led to the political protests of the late 1960s.
Religionen und Konfessionen im heutigen Rumänien
Creators: name: Amzăr, Dumitru Cristian
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 14 Nr. 3 (1965): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 14, Heft 3
Innovative Behavior and Spatial Location - Using Patent Counts and Geographic Location To Estimate Innovative Spillins
Creators: name: Miranowski, John A.
name: Monchuk, Daniel C.
name: Miranowski, John A.
name: Monchuk, Daniel C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Patents
subject: Spatial Econometrics
subject: Innovative Spillins

description: In this paper we examine the relation between geographic location and innovative behavior. Knowledge spillins, as opposed to knowledge spillovers, are modeled as an externality which exists between geographically close economic agents and enters the representative inventor production function explicitly from neighboring regions. To proxy new innovative behavior and new knowledge generated we use counts of patent filings per county. The proposed geographic spillin is tested for the US Midwestern States of Iowa, Minnesota, Missouri, Kansas, Nebraska, South Dakota and North Dakota using a newly constructed data set and implementing spatial statistical methods. The data set is comprised of primary inventor utility patent filings per county for the years 1975-2000. The results do indeed suggest spatial interaction does occur and innovative activity in surrounding counties is an important factor in explaining new innovative behavior. Further analysis also reveals lagged patenting behavior within the county also has a significant impact on patenting activity suggesting innovative externalities exist over both space and time. 1 Daniel Monchuk is an Assistant Professor, Department of Economics, Finance and International Business, University of Southern Mississippi. 2 John A. Miranowski is Professor, Department of Economics, Iowa State University