cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Common and divergent gene regulatory networks control injury-induced and developmental neurogenesis in zebrafish retina
Creators: name: Lyu, Pin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 310202
subject: Biological network analysis

description: Following acute retinal damage, zebrafish possess the ability to regenerate all neuronal subtypes through Müller glia (MG) reprogramming and asymmetric cell division that produces a multipotent Müller glia-derived neuronal progenitor cell (MGPC). This raises three key questions. First, do MG reprogram to a developmental retinal progenitor cell (RPC) state? Second, to what extent does regeneration recapitulate retinal development? And finally, does loss of different retinal cell subtypes induce unique MG regeneration responses? We examined these questions by performing single-nuclear and single-cell RNA-Seq and ATAC-Seq in both developing and regenerating retinas. Here we show that injury induces MG to reprogram to a state similar to late-stage RPCs. However, there are major transcriptional differences between MGPCs and RPCs, as well as major transcriptional differences between activated MG and MGPCs when different retinal cell subtypes are damaged. Validation of candidate genes confirmed that loss of different subtypes induces differences in transcription factor gene expression and regeneration outcomes.
Resolving the octant of theta23 with T2K and NOvA
Creators: name: Agarwalla, Sanjib Kumar
name: Prakash, Suprabh
name: Sankar, S. Uma
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Preliminary results of MINOS experiment indicate that theta23 is not maximal. Global fits to world neutrino data suggest two nearly degenerate solutions for theta23: one in the lower octant (LO: theta23 < 45 degree) and the other in the higher octant (HO: theta23 > 45 degree). numu to nue oscillations in superbeam experiments are sensitive to the octant and are capable of resolving this degeneracy. We study the prospects of this resolution by the current T2K and upcoming NOvA experiments. Because of the hierarchy-deltacp degeneracy and the octant-deltacp degeneracy, the impact of hierarchy on octant resolution has to be taken into account. As in the case of hierarchy determination, there exist favorable (unfavorable) values of deltacp for which octant resolution is easy (challenging). However, for octant resolution the unfavorable deltacp values of the neutrino data are favorable for the anti-neutrino data and vice-verse. This is in contrast to the case of hierarchy determination. In this paper, we compute the combined sensitivity of T2K and NOvA to resolve the octant ambiguity. If sin^2\theta23 =0.41, then NOvA can rule out all the values of theta23 in HO at 2 sigma C.L., irrespective of the hierarchy and deltacp. Addition of T2K data improves the octant sensitivity. If T2K were to have equal neutrino and anti-neutrino runs of 2.5 years each, a 2 sigma resolution of the octant becomes possible provided sin^2\theta23 \leq 0.43 or \geq 0.58 for any value of deltacp.
description: 27 pages, 38 pdf figures, 1 table. New figures are given in the results section to show the octant discovery reach as a function of true theta23 and true CP phase. Few changes in the abstract, results and conclusions section to incorporate the new results. Published in JHEP
FIGHTING MATERNAL MORTALITY: INVESTIGATING THE INFLUENCE OF ARCHITECTURE ON WOMENS HEALTH AND WELLNESS
Creators: name: Sparks, Amanda Nicole
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Architecture
subject: FOS: Civil engineering

description: Every year 700 women die of pregnancy related complications in the United States and it is estimated that half of these deaths are preventable. The maternal mortality rate (MMR), in the US is steadily rising. Making Newark, NJ (home of Rutgers University and Hospital) an ideal site for investigation.This thesis seeks to explore how the use of community based and empathetic design, providing equitable access to nature, and life cycle planning strategies could improve care and redefine how we think about women’s health care in the United States. To understand the complex topic of Maternal Mortality exploration into medical history, healthcare practices, the statistics surrounding Maternal Mortality Rate, and Postpartum Depression are necessary. While architecture alone cannot fix the problem of maternal mortality in the United States, reimagining the spaces in which care is provided to mothers can provide a framework for changing our cultural beliefs and attitudes toward women’s health and wellness.
Additional file 1 of Representation of women in orthopaedic surgery: perception of barriers among undergraduate medical students in Saudi Arabia
Creators: name: Alomar, Abdulaziz Z.
name: Almonaie, Shahd
name: Nagshabandi, Khalid Nabil
name: AlGhufaili, Deema
name: Alomar, Manar
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Questionnaire to investigate undergraduate medical students’ perception of women participating in orthopaedic careers.
Calibration strategies for the LAD instrument on-board LOFT
Creators: name: Pacciani, Luigi
name: Soffitta, Paolo
name: Argan, Andrea
name: Barret, Didier
name: Bozzo, Enrico
name: Feroci, Marco
name: Fraser, George W.
name: Herder, Jan-Willem den
name: Pohl, Martin
name: Schmid, Christian
name: Tenzer, Chris
name: Vacchi, Andrea
name: Walton, Dave
name: Zampa, Gianluigi
name: Zane, Silvia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Scientific objectives of the LOFT mission, e.g., the study of the Neutron Star equation of state and of the Strong Gravity, require accurate energy, time and flux calibration for the 500k channels of the SDD detectors, as well as the knowledge of the detector dead-time and of the detector response with respect to the incident angle of the photons. We report here the evaluations made to asses the calibration issues for the LAD instrument. The strategies for both ground and on-board calibrations, including astrophysical observations, show that the goals are achievable within the current technologies.
description: Proceedings of SPIE, Vol. 8443, Paper No. 8443-208, 2012
Long-range order, bosonic fluctuations, and pseudogap in strongly correlated electron systems
Creators: name: Bonetti, Pietro Maria
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This thesis deals with the Hubbard model as prototypical model to describe the physics of electrons in the two-dimensional copper-oxide planes of high-$T_c$ cuprates. To get approximate solutions, we employ functional renormalization group (fRG) and dynamical mean-field theory (DMFT) methods. We deal with the problem of identifying bosonic fluctuations in the vertex function, exhibiting an intricate dependence on momenta and frequencies already at moderate coupling. In the normal, paramagnetic phase, the goal is achieved by employing the recently introduced single-boson exchange decomposition. In the symmetry-broken phases, we reformulate the previously introduced combination of fRG with mean-field theory by explicitly introducing a bosonic field. A widely discussed and challenging problem is the emergence of a pseudogap in the Hubbard model. In this thesis we assume this phase to be characterized by strong magnetic fluctuations. Following previous works, we fractionalize the electron in a chargon, carrying the electron's charge, and a charge neutral spinon, which represents local fluctuations of the spin orientation. The chargons undergo Néel or spiral magnetic order below a density-dependent transition temperature $T^*$. We compute DC charge transport coefficients for the chargons, and obtain a pronounced drop in the charge carrier density across the magnetic-to-paramagnetic transition. Directional fluctuations of the spin orientation are described by a non-linear sigma model and prevent long-range ordering of the electrons at any finite temperature. The phase where the chargon degrees of freedom are magnetically ordered shares many features with the pseudogap regime observed in high-$T_c$ cuprates: a strong reduction of the charge carrier density, a spin gap, Fermi arcs, and electronic nematicity.
description: PhD thesis, Universit\"at Stuttgart
title: СЕМИОТИЧЕСКИЕ ГОРИЗОНТЫ УТВЕРЖДЕНИЯ ГОРОДСКОЙ ИДЕНТИЧНОСТИ ПРИЁМАМИ РЕВИТАЛИЗАЦИИ АРХИТЕКТУРНОЙ СРЕДЫ
Creators: name: Фёдоров, Виктор
name: Фёдоров, Михаил
name: Левиков, Александр
Publisher: name: Новгородский государственный университет имени Ярослава Мудрого (НовГУ)
Year: 2020

description: Семиотические горизонты утверждения городской идентичности предлагается рассматривать в диапазоне от характера проявления образов идентичности в общественном сознании до практических приёмов ревитализации «уходящей натуры». Архитектурные памятники рассматриваются как составляющая потенциала развития современного города. В практическом плане мифосимволизм архитектурной среды обусловлен не техническими параметрами зданий и сооружений, а их ролью в системе социального бытия. Возникающая многоуровневая знаковая система надстраивается над реальностью. Существование архитектурного объекта – публично
интерпретируемое событие, смысл которого определяется социумом и индивидом.
Additional file 1 of The impact of community-based health insurance on health service utilization and financial risk protection in Ethiopia
Creators: name: Alemayehu, Yibeltal Kiflie
name: Dessie, Ermias
name: Medhin, Girmay
name: Birhanu, Negalign
name: Hotchkiss, David R.
name: Teklu, Alula M.
name: Kiros, Mizan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1.
title: СУПЕРГРАФИКА КАК ФАКТОР ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ И ТРАНСФОРМАЦИИ ГОРОДСКОЙ СРЕДЫ
Creators: name: Новикова, Яна
Publisher: name: Новгородский государственный университет имени Ярослава Мудрого (НовГУ)
Year: 2020

description: Современные тенденции в развитии городского пространства актуализируют вопросы трансформации, формирования и преобразования среды для комфортного существования в ней человека. Автор показывает, что суперграфика во всех её проявлениях обладает большим потенциалом: она способна насытить новыми смыслами, образами, цветовыми акцентами и полностью изменить морально устаревшую городскую среду, научить людей иному эстетическому восприятию объектов. Кроме того, в условиях современной массовой застройки суперграфика позволяет формировать принципиально новую, комфортную среду обитания, соответствующую мировым стандартам. В статье рассмотрен и обобщён круг доступных на сегодняшний день теоретических работ, освещающих различные аспекты восприятия и применения суперграфики в городской среде. Это позволило выявить исторически сложившиеся и современные трактовки её понимания, подтверждающие многоаспектность данного явления. Определены основные функции суперграфики как универсального инструмента визуальной организации и преобразования архитектурных объектов и прилегающих к ним территорий.
Monica and Stormy -- An Analysis of Media Portrayals of the Leading Women in the Trump and Clinton Sex Scandals
Creators: name: Povich, Elaine S.
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Journalism

description: ABSTRACT Women played key roles in the scandals of William J. Clinton and Donald J. Trump, especially Monica Lewinsky and Stormy Daniels. In the cases of both men, their reputations as womanizers preceded their presidencies and lasted throughout. Clinton was impeached as an outgrowth of lying about sex; Trump’s extramarital affairs dogged him during his presidency, became the subject of ongoing lawsuits against him, but never made it into his impeachment proceedings. The news media played a significant role in bringing the stories of the presidents and their women to the public and shaping how the two presidents were perceived by voters. Those portrayals varied greatly, with the women of the Clinton era facing media derision over their bodies, psychological makeup and motives while the Trump women’s bodies were mostly left undescribed, and their stories taken as truth. This thesis argues that the differing press treatment of those women was influenced by the presidents’ reactions to the allegations, a mob mentality, more women in media and media management, changes in sexual norms that culminated in the “#MeToo” movement, and the explosion of the internet and social media. Comparing how the media behaved during the two scandals is an instructive tale for journalists in reporting on future political sex scandals.
title: ДИЗАЙН ГОРОДСКОЙ СРЕДЫ КАК СРЕДСТВО ПРЕОБРАЗОВАНИЯ ИСТОРИЧЕСКОГО ПРОСТРАНСТВА
Creators: name: Гаврилов, Алексей
Publisher: name: Новгородский государственный университет имени Ярослава Мудрого (НовГУ)
Year: 2020

description: В статье рассматриваются проблемы развития городской среды исторического города, анализируется важный компонент городской среды – историко-культурное наследие. Отмечается ключевое значение сохранения исторического пространства городской среды путём комплексного подхода в формировании средового восприятия города как единого организма. В качестве средств сохранения исторического пространства определены реконструкция, реновация, ревитализация и ревалоризация. Автор подчёркивает принципиальную роль городского дизайна, конституирующего поведение человека в открытых городских пространствах. Приведены примеры объектов городского дизайна, которые становятся неотъемлемой составляющей предметно-пространственной среды города, определяют условия её комфортности и оказывают влияние на формирование образа города. Исследуется проектная методология городского дизайна в организации предметно-пространственной среды пешеходных улиц, обозначаются средства комплексного средового подхода с использованием колористики и объектов городского дизайна.
Large Deviations for Nonlocal Stochastic Neural Fields
Creators: name: Kuehn, Christian
name: Riedler, Martin G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60F10, 60H15, 65M60, 92C20

description: We study the effect of additive noise on integro-differential neural field equations. In particular, we analyze an Amari-type model driven by a $Q$-Wiener process and focus on noise-induced transitions and escape. We argue that proving a sharp Kramers' law for neural fields poses substanial difficulties but that one may transfer techniques from stochastic partial differential equations to establish a large deviation principle (LDP). Then we demonstrate that an efficient finite-dimensional approximation of the stochastic neural field equation can be achieved using a Galerkin method and that the resulting finite-dimensional rate function for the LDP can have a multi-scale structure in certain cases. These results form the starting point for an efficient practical computation of the LDP. Our approach also provides the technical basis for further rigorous study of noise-induced transitions in neural fields based on Galerkin approximations.
description: 29 pages
FROM STIGMA TO STRENGTH
Creators: name: Roberts, Vasilea Christine
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Architecture
subject: FOS: Civil engineering
subject: LGBTQ studies
subject: Homeless
subject: LGBTQIA+
subject: Washington D.C.
subject: Wellness
subject: Youth

description: Helping homeless LGBTQIA+ youth from a place of uncertainty to a place of security to ensure the wellbeing of future city dwellers. This thesis aims to help the ongoing issue of homelessness in Washington, D.C. This will be achieved by creating a wellness facility for LGBTQIA+ youth. This thesis is overall attempting to create a more healthy, lively, green city, starting with transforming the lives of its youth. The goal of the wellness facility is to welcome the homeless LGBTQIA+ youth population of the city and those less fortunate and help them transition to a life that focuses on their success and wellbeing. This involves rehabilitation, education, and transitional housing, in order to help the occupants begin a new chapter of life. There will also be physical necessities for the occupants like food, water, and shelter - the basic things that these people may struggle to find on a daily basis. The occupants can stay and be fully immersed into a life-rehabilitation program or use the facility until necessary. The multi-use facility will be part of a larger master plan for Howard University, integrating mixed-used commercial, residential, and retail space for more sustainable urban design that involves the community. Helping people get off the street and start a stable life will also increase the lives of all city dwellers and create a more livable and healthier city. The goal of the exterior of the wellness facility is to create a space on the street for a more enjoyable pedestrian experience. The interior exterior will also introduce local art and context in order to engage the community and embrace the passions of the wellness facility’s occupants. Overall, this thesis aims to create a city that is kind to its occupants and creates an environment of peace and success.
Åberg, Nils: Nordische Ornamentik in vorgeschichtlicher Zeit
Creators: name: Jacob-Friesen, Karl Hermann
Publisher: name: Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte
Year: 2017

description: Rezension zu: Åberg, Nils: Nordische Ornamentik in vorgeschichtlicher Zeit. Aus dem Schwedischen übersetzt von Dr. E. A. Mener. 8°. II 118 S. mit 249 Abbildungen im Text. Mannus-Bibliothek Nr. 47. Leipzig 1931. Verlag Curt Kabitsch.
description: Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte, 1931: Neue Folge Nr. 5
Exploring the Seasonal Dynamics of Crime in Chicago
Creators: name: Abhimanyu Hans
name: Budhathoki, Milan
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 2023

description: This study investigates the relationship between crime and temperature in Chicago, a metropolitan area known for its high crime rates and diverse crime categories. The spatial unit of our analysis is a census tract level. We use spatial and temporal data from the past 20 years and examine how temperature affects crime trends on a census tract level. In our analysis, we study the hypothesis that certain types of crime, such as theft and assault, tend to occur more frequently during the warmer months, while others occur more frequently during the colder months. We also study if temperature is a significant predictor of crime rates in Chicago, with the neighborhoods with higher temperatures generally leading to higher crime rates.
Decentralized nation, solving the web identity crisis
Creators: name: Jumelle, Frederic
name: Pagett, Timothy
name: Lemand, Ryan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 68R10

description: The web of today whether you prefer to call it web 2.0, web 3.0, web 5.0 or even the metaverse is at a critical stage of evolution and challenge, largely centered around its crisis of identity. Like teenagers who cannot assess properly their reason for being and do not seem ready to take responsibility for their actions, we are constantly blaming the very system we are trying to get away from. To truly realize the benefits from innovation and technology, this crisis has to be resolved, not just through tactical solutions but through developments that enhance the sustainability of the web and its benefits. Significant strides are being made in the evolution of digital services enabled by technology, regulation, and the sheer pace of societal change. The journey to the decentralized web is mirroring the convergence of the physical and digital worlds across all economies and is increasingly embracing the digital native world. Technology has provided the foundational platform for individuals and entities to create and manage wealth, potentially without the need for big institutions. Ironically, despite all of the advancements, we are still facing an unprecedented and increasing wealth gap. Clearly, the system is broken, not just around the edges but at the very core of the democratic underpinning of our society. In this whitepaper, we propose how artificial intelligence on blockchain can be used to generate a new class of identity through direct human computer interaction. We demonstrate how this, combined with new perspectives for sustaining community and governance embedded within the use of blockchain technology, will underpin a sustainable solution to protect identity, authorship and privacy at the same time while contributing to restore trust amongst members of a future decentralized nation and hence contribute to solving the web most significant identity crisis.
description: 11 pages, 1 figure
Extracting information from a qubit by multiple observers: Toward a theory of sequential state discrimination
Creators: name: Bergou, Janos
name: Feldman, Edgar
name: Hillery, Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss sequential unambiguous state-discrimination measurements performed on the same qubit. Alice prepares a qubit in one of two possible states. The qubit is first sent to Bob, who measures it, and then on to Charlie, who also measures it. The object in both cases is to determine which state Alice sent. In an unambiguous state discrimination measurement, we never make a mistake, i.e. misidentify the state, but the measurement may fail, in which case we gain no information about which state was sent. We find that there is a nonzero probability for both Bob and Charlie to identify the state, and we maximize this probability. The probability that Charlie's measurement succeeds depends on how much information about the state Alice sent is left in the qubit after Bob's measurement, and this information can be quantified by the overlap between the two possible states in which Bob's measurement leaves the qubit. This paper is a first step toward developing a theory of nondestructive sequential quantum measurements, which could be useful in quantum communication schemes.
description: Replaced with published version
Tunable metal-insulator transitions in bilayer graphene by thermal annealing
Creators: name: Kalon, Gopinadhan
name: Shin, Young Jun
name: Yang, Hyunsoo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Tunable and highly reproducible metal-insulator transitions have been observed in bilayer graphene upon thermal annealing at 400 K under high vacuum conditions. Before annealing, the sample is metallic in the whole temperature regime of study. Upon annealing, the conductivity changes from metallic to that of an insulator and the transition temperature is a function of annealing time. The pristine metallic state can be reinstated by exposing to air thereby inducing changes in the electronic properties by adsorbing water vapor, which makes graphene a technologically promising material for sensor applications.
Sprockhoff, E.: Zur Handelsgeschichte der germanischen Bronzezeit
Creators: name: Tackenberg, Kurt
Publisher: name: Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte
Year: 2017

description: Rezension zu: Sprockhoff, E.: Zur Handelsgeschichte der germanischen Bronzezeit. Heft 7 der vorgeschichtl. Forschungen. Herausgegeben von Ernst Sprockhoff. 8°. 157 Seiten und 45 Tafeln. Verlag Walter de Gruyter & Co. Berlin 1930.
description: Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte, 1931: Neue Folge Nr. 5
Strong and Weak Chaos in Networks of Semiconductor Lasers with Time-delayed Couplings
Creators: name: Heiligenthal, Sven
name: Jüngling, Thomas
name: D'Huys, Otti
name: Arroyo-Almanza, Diana A.
name: Soriano, Miguel C.
name: Fischer, Ingo
name: Kanter, Ido
name: Kinzel, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nonlinear networks with time-delayed couplings may show strong and weak chaos, depending on the scaling of their Lyapunov exponent with the delay time. We study strong and weak chaos for semiconductor lasers, either with time-delayed self-feedback or for small networks. We examine the dependence on the pump current and consider the question whether strong and weak chaos can be identified from the shape of the intensity trace, the auto-correlations and the external cavity modes. The concept of the sub-Lyapunov exponent $λ_0$ is generalized to the case of two time-scale separated delays in the system. We give the first experimental evidence of strong and weak chaos in a network of lasers which supports the sequence 'weak to strong to weak chaos' upon monotonically increasing the coupling strength. Finally, we discuss strong and weak chaos for networks with several distinct sub-Lyapunov exponents and comment on the dependence of the sub-Lyapunov exponent on the number of a laser's inputs in a network.
SURVIVAL OF ESCHERICHIA COLI AND CHANGES IN PHYSICOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS IN AQUAPONIC SYSTEMS DURING BASIL AND LETTUCE PRODUCTION
Creators: name: Quach, Emily
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Environmental science
subject: Agriculture
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Aquaponics (APs), a soilless production system, integrates aquaculture and hydroponics to provide local fresh produce while conserving natural resources. The absence of soil in APs eliminates one potential food safety risk present in typical soil-based production systems, but APs may become contaminated from a variety of sources. Escherichia coli TVS 354 long-term survival was evaluated in bench-scale, deep-water APs units. In addition, pathogen presence on basil and lettuce at the time of harvest and changes in the population density of mesophilic aerobic bacteria in APs were measured. Results showed E. coli populations significantly decreased 24 h post-inoculation in water samples and remained undetectable by day 1 post-inoculation. Lettuce harvested on day 60 had detectable E. coli on lettuce leaves and roots at harvest. These results provide new insight on E. coli survival in harvested plants, indicate potential risks for foodborne illnesses, and unreliability of water testing as a monitoring tool.
Globally Gated Deep Linear Networks
Creators: name: Li, Qianyi
name: Sompolinsky, Haim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently proposed Gated Linear Networks present a tractable nonlinear network architecture, and exhibit interesting capabilities such as learning with local error signals and reduced forgetting in sequential learning. In this work, we introduce a novel gating architecture, named Globally Gated Deep Linear Networks (GGDLNs) where gating units are shared among all processing units in each layer, thereby decoupling the architectures of the nonlinear but unlearned gatings and the learned linear processing motifs. We derive exact equations for the generalization properties in these networks in the finite-width thermodynamic limit, defined by $P,N\rightarrow\infty, P/N\sim O(1)$, where P and N are the training sample size and the network width respectively. We find that the statistics of the network predictor can be expressed in terms of kernels that undergo shape renormalization through a data-dependent matrix compared to the GP kernels. Our theory accurately captures the behavior of finite width GGDLNs trained with gradient descent dynamics. We show that kernel shape renormalization gives rise to rich generalization properties w.r.t. network width, depth and L2 regularization amplitude. Interestingly, networks with sufficient gating units behave similarly to standard ReLU networks. Although gatings in the model do not participate in supervised learning, we show the utility of unsupervised learning of the gating parameters. Additionally, our theory allows the evaluation of the network's ability for learning multiple tasks by incorporating task-relevant information into the gating units. In summary, our work is the first exact theoretical solution of learning in a family of nonlinear networks with finite width. The rich and diverse behavior of the GGDLNs suggests that they are helpful analytically tractable models of learning single and multiple tasks, in finite-width nonlinear deep networks.
WAITING ON “THE HIGHER LAW”: HENRY MASSEY AND THE STRUGGLE AGAINST PHILADELPHIA’S FUGITIVE SLAVE COURT
Creators: name: LaRoche, Matthew David
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: History
subject: African American studies
subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law
subject: Fugitive Slave Act of 1850
subject: Identity
subject: Law and Slavery
subject: Pennsylvania Abolition Society
subject: Resistance
subject: Underground Railroad

description: Philadelphia’s preeminence as an historical hub of Underground Railroad activity, popularized through the exploits of William Still, is well established. However, a series of archival gaps have virtually erased Philadelphia, and particularly the early years of its fugitive slave court, from the wider historiography of the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850. This work attempts to re-center Philadelphia, as well as its white-led abolitionist organizations and its African American community, in the scholarly discussion over the Act’s origin, intent, and effect. Attempting to overcome archival limitations, this work reconstructs the city’s first fugitive slave court, overseen by Commissioner Edward D. Ingraham from December of 1850 until his death in November of 1854, through the eyes of its participants. Using a close-reading approach, this thesis considers Philadelphia’s resistance to both the Ingraham court and the Act in toto from three perspectives. By comparing the case of Adam Gibson (the first victim of the Ingraham court) to that of Henry Massey, a Maryland freedomseeker and the last person sentenced before Ingraham’s death, this thesis establishes a documentary baseline through which one can trace the court’s evolution across the opening years of the Act’s enforcement. Through recreating the personal and institutional histories of Commissioner Ingraham, the Pennsylvania Abolition Society, and the abolitionist lawyers who represented Gibson, Massey, and other freedomseekers, this thesis provides context to evaluate the legal, social, and religious moves made by the city’s elite in response to the Act’s passage. Finally, by drawing out indications of black organization and agency hidden within the internal records of the Abolition Society itself, this thesis attempts to delineate the practical limits of interracial abolitionist cooperation within Philadelphia at the time. Ultimately, this thesis finds that a combination of geographic pressures and ideological guardrails particular to Philadelphia prevented a stronghold of abolitionist outrage from forming an effective counter to the Act, even while comparable cities (Boston, Syracuse, Harrisburg) developed legal and illegal strategies for shutting down their resident fugitive slave courts.
End-to-end verification of intraoperative radiotherapy with the Xoft Axxent system
Creators: name: Crowe, Scott
name: Wilks, Rachael
name: Kairn, Tanya
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Xoft Axxent
dosimetry
intraoperative radiotherapy
film dosimetry
3D printing

description: Presentation describing dosimetric verification of Xoft Axxent intraoperative radiotherapy treatment plan using phantom measurements.
The effects of stellar rotation along the main sequence of the 100 Myr old massive cluster NGC 1850
Creators: name: Kamann, Sebastian
name: Saracino, Sara
name: Bastian, Nate
name: Gossage, Seth
name: Usher, Christopher
name: Baade, Dietrich
name: Cabrera-Ziri, Ivan
name: de Mink, Selma E.
name: Ekström, Sylvia
name: Georgy, Cyril
name: Hilker, Michael
name: Larsen, Søren S.
name: Mackey, Dougal
name: Niederhofer, Florian
name: Platais, Imants
name: Yong, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Young star clusters enable us to study the effects of stellar rotation on an ensemble of stars of the same age and across a wide range in stellar mass and are therefore ideal targets for understanding the consequences of rotation on stellar evolution. We combine MUSE spectroscopy with HST photometry to measure the projected rotational velocities (Vsini) of 2,184 stars along the split main sequence and on the main sequence turn-off (MSTO) of the 100 Myr-old massive (10^5 M_sun) star cluster NGC 1850 in the Large Magellanic Cloud. At fixed magnitude, we observe a clear correlation between Vsini and colour, in the sense that fast rotators appear redder. The average Vsini values for stars on the blue and red branches of the split main sequence are ~100 km/s and ~200 km/s, respectively. The values correspond to about 25-30% and 50-60% of the critical rotation velocity and imply that rotation rates comparable to those observed in field stars of similar masses can explain the split main sequence. Our spectroscopic sample contains a rich population of ~200 fast rotating Be stars. The presence of shell features suggests that 23% of them are observed through their decretion disks, corresponding to a disk opening angle of 15 degrees. These shell stars can significantly alter the shape of the MSTO, hence care should be taken when interpreting this photometric feature. Overall, our findings impact our understanding of the evolution of young massive clusters and provide new observational constraints for testing stellar evolutionary models.
description: Published in MNRAS; 16 pages, 11 figures; data available via https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/MNRAS/518/1505#/article
Additional file 1 of The association of healthy lifestyle index score and the risk of renal cell cancer in the Netherlands cohort study
Creators: name: Meer, Romain
name: van de Pol, Jeroen
name: van den Brandt, Piet A.
name: Schouten, Leo J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 1: Appendix.
Bericht über die Tätigkeit der Provinzialkommission für die Denkmalpflege in der Rheinprovinz vom 1. April 1904 bis 31. März 1905
Creators: name: Redaktion, Die
Publisher: name: Bonner Jahrbücher
Year: 2018

description: -
description: Bonner Jahrbücher, Bd. 116 (1907): Bonner Jahrbücher : Jahrbücher des Vereins von Altertumsfreunden im Rheinlande
title: ОСОБЕННОСТИ ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ НОВЫХ ОБЩЕСТВЕННЫХ ПРОСТРАНСТВ В СТРУКТУРЕ ГОРОДА
Creators: name: Гаврилова, Мария
Publisher: name: Новгородский государственный университет имени Ярослава Мудрого (НовГУ)
Year: 2020

description: В статье исследуются принципы и особенности формирования общественных пространств (как существующих, так и вновь создаваемых), демонстрируются успешные примеры из зарубежной и российской практики. Автор показывает, что развитие общественной среды способствует привлечению жителей в городские пространства и возникновению социального взаимодействия между горожанами. Анализируются различные архитектурные, дизайнерские и планировочные решения, благодаря которым происходит качественное улучшение общественных пространств. К числу таких решений относится наполнение городской среды выразительными и оригинальными объектами, способными вызвать у жителей и гостей города непосредственный интерес, а также использование в оформлении городского пространства элементов растительности. Другим важным фактором развития общественных пространств становится применение в городской среде технических достижений. Особое внимание в статье уделено вопросу городской безопасности.
Modeling of Contact Forces for Brushing Tools
Creators: name: Uhlmann, Eckart
name: Hoyer, Anton
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 620 Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten
subject: abrasive brushing
subject: finishing
subject: multi-body simulation
subject: modeling
subject: contact force
subject: ZrO2

description: Brushing with bonded abrasives is a flexible finishing process used for the deburring and the rounding of workpiece edges as well as for the reduction of the surface roughness. Although industrially widespread, insufficient knowledge about the contact behavior of the abrasive filaments mainly causes applications to be based on experiential values. Therefore, this article aims to increase the applicability of physical process models by introducing a new prediction method, correlating the contact forces of single abrasive filaments, obtained by means of a multi-body simulation, with the experimentally determined process forces of full brushing tools during the surface finishing of ZrO2. It was concluded that aggressive process parameters may not necessarily lead to maximum productivity due to increased tool wear, whereas less aggressive process parameters might yield equally high contact forces and thus higher productivity.
An Approximate Version of the Jordan von Neumann Theorem for Finite Dimensional Real Normed Spaces
Creators: name: Passer, Benjamin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 15A04, 15A60, 15A63

description: It is known that any normed vector space which satisfies the parallelogram law is actually an inner product space. For finite dimensional normed vector spaces over R, we formulate an approximate version of this theorem: if a space approximately satisfies the parallelogram law, then it has a near isometry with Euclidean space. In other words, a small von Neumann Jordan constant E + 1 for X yields a small Banach-Mazur distance with R^n, d(X, R^n) < 1 + B_n E + O(E^2). Finally, we examine how this estimate worsens as the dimension, n, of X increases, with the conclusion that B_n grows quadratically with n.
description: Version 2 adds contact information for the author and actually states the correct Jordan-von Neumann theorem (oops!)
Der Marmorkopf vom Klettenberg und die römischen Fundamente in der Friedrich-Wilhelmstrasse in Cöln
Creators: name: Lückger, Hermann Josef
Publisher: name: Bonner Jahrbücher
Year: 2018

description: -
description: Bonner Jahrbücher, Bd. 125 (1919): Bonner Jahrbücher : Jahrbücher des Vereins von Altertumsfreunden im Rheinlande
title: ПАРАДИГМА РАЗВИТИЯ ГОРОДОВ В XXI ВЕКЕ
Creators: name: Аветян, Арман
Publisher: name: Новгородский государственный университет имени Ярослава Мудрого (НовГУ)
Year: 2020

description: С развитием современных высоких технологий повышается роль модернизации систем управления городом и городским хозяйством. Городские образования и хозяйства не могут ограничиваться лишь удовлетворением повседневных нужд жителей, но должны заниматься и повседневным мониторингом их причин. Как и любая современная система, городское образование должно следить за изменениями внешней среды и учитывать их при разработке стратегий развития. Нужно отметить, что в нынешних условиях быстрого развития общества без внедрения современных информационных и высоких технологий города не смогут соответствовать современным вызовам. Создаваемые технологии необходимо не только внедрить, но и заниматься их постепенным развитием. При электронизации всех данных повысится прозрачность деятельности органов управления, что в свою очередь приведёт к улучшению предоставляемых услуг городскими органами управления. В данном аспекте повышается роль университетов, которые обладают огромным и недооценённым интеллектуальным капиталом. Создание эффективной модели «университет – городское образование» позволит преобразовать городские хозяйства XX века в «Smart city». Концепция предлагает новую философию управления городским хозяйством, которая в конечном итоге оказывает значительное влияние на процессы развития города и человеческого капитала жителей.
Entanglement properties of a two spin-one particle system under a Lorentz transformation
Creators: name: Castro-Ruiz, Esteban
name: Nahmad-Achar, Eduardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analize the entanglement change, under a Lorentz transformation, of a system consisting of two spin-one particles, considering different partitions of the Hilbert space, which has spin and momentum degrees of freedom. We show that there exists a complete set of states of the spin subspace in which the entanglement change of any state in the set is zero for all partitions and all values of the Wigner angle. Moreover, these states only change by a global phase factor under the Lorentz boost. Within this basis, maximally entangled invariant states, interesting for quantum information purposes, are explicitly obtained. On the other hand, the entanglement in the particle- particle partition is Lorentz invariant, thus protecting the consistency of quantum correlations and teleportation results. We show how our results may be generalized to arbitrary spin.
description: 16 pp, 9 figures
Analysis of the decay constants of the heavy pseudoscalar mesons with QCD sum rules
Creators: name: Wang, Zhi-Gang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article, we recalculate the contributions of all vacuum condensates up to dimension-6, in particular the one-loop corrections to the quark condensates $α_s$ and partial one-loop corrections to the four-quark condensates $α_s^2^2$, in the operator product expansion. Then we study the masses and decay constants of the heavy pseudoscalar mesons $D$, $D_s$, $B$ and $B_s$ using the QCD sum rules with two choices: {\bf I} we choose the $\bar{MS}$ masses by setting $m=m(μ)$ and take perturbative corrections up to the order $\mathcal{O}(α_s)$; {\bf II} we choose the pole masses $m$, take perturbative corrections up to the order $\mathcal{O}(α_s^2)$ and set the energy-scale to be the heavy quark pole mass $μ=m_Q$. In the case of {\bf I}, the predictions $f_D=(208\pm11)\,\rm{MeV}$ and $f_B=(189\pm15)\,\rm{MeV}$ are consistent with the experimental data within uncertainties, while the prediction $f_{D_s}=(241\pm12)\,\rm{MeV}$ is below the lower bound of the experimental data $f_{D_s}=(260.0\pm5.4)\,\rm{MeV}$. In the case of {\bf II}, the predictions $f_D=(211\pm14)\,\rm{MeV}$, $f_B=(190\pm17)\,\rm{MeV}$, $f_{D_s}=(258\pm13)\,\rm{MeV}$ and $f_{D_s}/f_D=1.22\pm0.08$ are all in excellent agreements with the experimental data within uncertainties.
description: 16 pages, 21 figures
Eine Bauinschrift aus dem Legionslager Novaesium
Creators: name: Ritterling, Emil
Publisher: name: Bonner Jahrbücher
Year: 2018

description: -
description: Bonner Jahrbücher, Bd. 125 (1919): Bonner Jahrbücher : Jahrbücher des Vereins von Altertumsfreunden im Rheinlande
$\mathcal{X}$-Metric: An N-Dimensional Information-Theoretic Framework for Groupwise Registration and Deep Combined Computing
Creators: name: Luo, Xinzhe
name: Zhuang, Xiahai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper presents a generic probabilistic framework for estimating the statistical dependency and finding the anatomical correspondences among an arbitrary number of medical images. The method builds on a novel formulation of the $N$-dimensional joint intensity distribution by representing the common anatomy as latent variables and estimating the appearance model with nonparametric estimators. Through connection to maximum likelihood and the expectation-maximization algorithm, an information\hyp{}theoretic metric called $\mathcal{X}$-metric and a co-registration algorithm named $\mathcal{X}$-CoReg are induced, allowing groupwise registration of the $N$ observed images with computational complexity of $\mathcal{O}(N)$. Moreover, the method naturally extends for a weakly-supervised scenario where anatomical labels of certain images are provided. This leads to a combined\hyp{}computing framework implemented with deep learning, which performs registration and segmentation simultaneously and collaboratively in an end-to-end fashion. Extensive experiments were conducted to demonstrate the versatility and applicability of our model, including multimodal groupwise registration, motion correction for dynamic contrast enhanced magnetic resonance images, and deep combined computing for multimodal medical images. Results show the superiority of our method in various applications in terms of both accuracy and efficiency, highlighting the advantage of the proposed representation of the imaging process.
title: КУЛЬТУРНЫЙ КАПИТАЛ ГОРОДА И ГОРОДСКАЯ КРЕАТИВНОСТЬ: ПРОБЛЕМЫ ДЕФИНИЦИИ ПОНЯТИЙ
Creators: name: Пирогов, Сергей
Publisher: name: Новгородский государственный университет имени Ярослава Мудрого (НовГУ)
Year: 2020

description: В статье анализируются методологические возможности применения концептов «социальный / культурный / символический капитал» и «городская креативность» как ресурсов развития города. В силу многозначности определения этих понятий предлагается взять в качестве теоретической основы концептуальные разработки понятий капиталов П. Бурдьё, но с учётом специфики их применения относительно города. Дефиниции социального, культурного и символического капиталов города заданы на основе тезиса П. Бурдьё о трёх состояниях капитала: инкорпорированном (воплощённом в человеческих качествах), объективированном (воплощённом в вещах) и институционализированном. Выявлены причины дефиниционных разногласий относительно этих понятий: конвертируемость социального, культурного и символического капиталов; дисциплинарные рамки исследования; существование нематериальных ресурсов в когнитивной форме – как некоторого знания о специфике конкретного города и ресурсов его развития. Показаны негативные социальные последствия понимания городской креативности как формирования кластеров креативных индустрий.