cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Energy drinks mixed with alcohol: Are there any risks?
Creators: name: Alford, Chris
name: Scholey, Andrew
name: Verster, Joris
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 520201
subject: Behavioural genetics
classificationCode: 520202
subject: Behavioural neuroscience
classificationCode: 520203
subject: Cognitive neuroscience
classificationCode: 520205
subject: Psychopharmacology
classificationCode: 520206
subject: Psychophysiology
classificationCode: 520207
subject: Social and affective neuroscience
classificationCode: 520301
subject: Clinical neuropsychology
classificationCode: 520401
subject: Cognition
classificationCode: 520403
subject: Learning, motivation and emotion

description: There have now been a number of publications, including laboratory studies and surveys, on alcohol mixed with energy drinks. Some authors have highlighted problems associated with consumption of this beverage combination, including reduced perception of alcohol intoxication and greater alcohol consumption with more negative consequences as a result. For example, the recent article by Marczinski and Fillmore entitled “Energy drinks mixed with alcohol: what are the risks?” suggests that “consuming alcohol mixed with energy drinks is riskier than consuming alcohol alone and constitutes a public health concern.”1 While some publications conclude that consumption of energy drinks mixed with alcohol is problematic, others do not support these claims and point out the methodological shortcomings of many studies in this area.
Beyond the Classical Type I Error: Bayesian Metrics for Bayesian Designs Using Informative Priors
Creators: name: Best, Nicky
name: Ajimi, Maxine
name: Neuenschwander, Beat
name: Saint-Hilary, Gaëlle
name: Wandel, Simon
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: There is growing interest in Bayesian clinical trial designs with informative prior distributions, for example for extrapolation of adult data to pediatrics, or use of external controls. While the classical Type I error is commonly used to evaluate such designs, it cannot be strictly controlled and it is acknowledged that other metrics may be more appropriate. We focus on two common situations—borrowing control data or information on the treatment contrast—and discuss several fully probabilistic metrics to evaluate the risk of false positive conclusions. Each metric requires specification of a design prior, which can differ from the analysis prior and permits understanding of the behavior of a Bayesian design under scenarios where the analysis prior differs from the true data generation process. The metrics include the average Type I error and the pre-posterior probability of a false positive result. When borrowing control data, our empirical cases demonstrate that the average Type I error is asymptotically controlled (in certain cases strictly) when the analysis and design prior coincide. We illustrate use of these Bayesian metrics with real applications, and discuss how they could facilitate discussions between sponsors, regulators and other stakeholders about the appropriateness of Bayesian borrowing designs for pivotal studies.
U-MET: Utility-Based Dose Optimization Approach for Multiple-Dose Randomized Trial Designs
Creators: name: D’Angelo, Gina
name: Gong, Maozhen
name: Marshall, Jayne
name: Yuan, Ying
name: Li, Xia
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: The advent of dose optimization has led to a paradigm shift in oncology clinical trials to find the optimal biologic dose (OBD). Phase 1/2 trials with randomized doses can facilitate additional investigation of the identified OBD in a targeted population by incorporating safety and efficacy data. We propose to compare randomized doses by extending the Bayesian optimal interval phase 1/2 (BOIN12) approach, an OBD-finding design in which a utility is used to account for risk-benefit tradeoffs. Specifically, we used the BOIN12 standardized mean utilities in a hypothesis testing framework, in which frequentist and Bayesian inference were evaluated to compare the standardized mean utilities across doses and identify the OBD. We performed simulation studies and a hypothetical oncology study to compare the proposed BOIN12 utility-based extension (U-MET) design with an empirical design. The results demonstrated that the U-MET design has satisfactory operating characteristics for selecting the OBD. We recommend using the U-MET design as the primary dose comparison approach, or alternatively as supportive evidence, for optimal dose selection.
Phytoseiulini Chant & McMurtry
Creators: name: ZahidiK, Abdelaziz
name: Akchour, Abdellah
name: K, Serge Kreiter
name: TixierK, Marie-Stéphane
name: MsandaK, Fouad
name: MousadikK, Abdelhamid El
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Mesostigmata
Phytoseiidae

description: Tribe Phytoseiulini Chant & McMurtry  Phytoseiulini Chant &McMurtry 2006: 17.
description: Published as part of ZahidiK, Abdelaziz, Akchour, Abdellah, K, Serge Kreiter, TixierK, Marie-Stéphane, MsandaK, Fouad & MousadikK, Abdelhamid El, 2023, Phytoseiid mites (Acari: Mesostigmata) from Central West Morocco: new records and key to females of all recorded Moroccan species, pp. 691-724 in Acarologia 63 (3) on page 697, DOI: 10.24349/v5of-5oe1, http://zenodo.org/record/10786247
Drift and pseudomomentum in bounded turbulent shear flows
Creators: name: Phillips, William
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 401207
subject: Fundamental and theoretical fluid dynamics
classificationCode: 401210
subject: Microfluidics and nanofluidics
classificationCode: 401211
subject: Multiphysics flows (incl. multiphase and reacting flows)
classificationCode: 490199
subject: Applied mathematics not elsewhere classified

description: This paper is concerned with the evaluation of two Lagrangian measures which arise in oscillatory or fluctuating shear flows when the fluctuating field is rotational and the spectrum of wave numbers which comprise it is continuous. The measures are the drift and pseudomomentum. Phillips (J. Fluid Mech. 430, 209 (2001)) has shown that the measures are, in such instances, succinctly expressed in terms of Lagrangian integrals of Eulerian space-time correlations. But they are difficult to interpret, and the present work begins by expressing them in a more insightful form. This is achieved by assuming the space-time correlations are separable as magnitude, determined by one-point velocity correlations, and spatial diminution. The measures then parse into terms comprised of the mean Eulerian velocity, one-point velocity correlations, and a family of integrals of spatial diminution, which in turn define a series of Lagrangian time and velocity scales. The pseudomomentum is seen to be strictly negative and related to the turbulence kinetic energy, while the drift is mixed and strongly influenced by the Reynolds stress. Both are calculated for turbulent channel flow for a range of Reynolds numbers and appear, as the Reynolds number increases, to approach a terminal form. At all Reynolds numbers studied, the pseudomomentum has a sole peak located in wall units in the low teens, while at the highest Reynolds number studied, Reτ=5200, the drift is negative in the vicinity of that peak, positive elsewhere, and largest near the rigid boundary. In contrast, the time and velocity scales grow almost logarithmically over much of the layer. Finally, the drift and pseudomomentum are discussed in the context of coherent wall layer structures with which they are intricately linked.
Unsupervised Imputation of Non-ignorably Missing Data Using Importance-Weighted Autoencoders
Creators: name: Lim, David K.
name: Rashid, Naim U.
name: Oliva, Junier B.
name: Ibrahim, Joseph G.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Deep Learning (DL) methods have dramatically increased in popularity in recent years. While its initial success was demonstrated in the classification and manipulation of image data, there has been significant growth in the application of DL methods to problems in the biomedical sciences. However, the greater prevalence and complexity of missing data in biomedical datasets present significant challenges for DL methods. Here, we provide a formal treatment of missing data in the context of Variational Autoencoders (VAEs), a popular unsupervised DL architecture commonly utilized for dimension reduction, imputation, and learning latent representations of complex data. We propose a new VAE architecture, NIMIWAE, that is one of the first to flexibly account for both ignorable and non-ignorable patterns of missingness in input features at training time. Following training, samples can be drawn from the approximate posterior distribution of the missing data can be used for multiple imputation, facilitating downstream analyses on high dimensional incomplete datasets. We demonstrate through statistical simulation that our method outperforms existing approaches for unsupervised learning tasks and imputation accuracy. We conclude with a case study of an EHR dataset pertaining to 12,000 ICU patients containing a large number of diagnostic measurements and clinical outcomes, where many features are only partially observed.
Impact of inflow conditions on activated sludge filterability and membrane bioreactor (MBR) operational performance
Creators: name: P. Krzeminski
name: J.H.J.M. Van Der Graaf
name: J.B. Van Lier
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biological Sciences
Chemistry
Earth and Environmental Sciences
Engineering
Biochemistry

description: Operation and performance of membrane bioreactors (MBRs) for wastewater treatment is influenced by changes in activated sludge properties. Therefore, understanding of the factors influencing sludge filterability is of major importance for efficient operation of MBR installations. This paper assesses the impact of the influent characteristics on activated sludge filterability and treatment performance of full-scale MBRs. The full-scale MBRs were closely monitored both in summer and winter. The measurement campaign, consisting of activated sludge filterability tests and physicochemical analyses, is supplemented with operational performance data evaluation of the various full-scale plants. Based on these data, it is shown that an undesired and refractory composition of incoming wastewater, hydraulic and/or organic load shocks, as well as abrupt temperature changes of the influent, lead to operational problems and affect sludge filterability.
Dipole dynamics of an interacting bosonic mixture
Creators: name: Cavicchioli, Luca
name: Fort, Chiara
name: Modugno, Michele
name: Minardi, Francesco
name: Burchianti, Alessia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We unravel the coupled dipole dynamics of a two-species Bose-Einstein condensate with tunable interspecies interaction. We produce a degenerate mixture of $^{41}$K-$^{87}$Rb in an optical trap and we study the dipole oscillations of both atomic species in the linear response regime. Varying the interspecies interaction from the weakly to the strongly attractive side, we measure the frequencies and the composition of the two dipole eigenmodes. For enough strong interactions, even beyond the mean-field collapse, we find that the frequency of the low-energy eigenmode is determined only by the bare trap frequencies and the species population imbalance. The experimental results are well reproduced by numerical simulations based on two coupled Gross-Pitaevskii equations. Our findings provide a detailed picture of the dipole excitations in asymmetric bosonic mixtures.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
Development of graphene-carbon nanotube-coated magnetic nanocomposite as an efficient sorbent for HPLC determination of organophosphorus pesticides in environmental water samples
Creators: name: Razmi, Habib
name: Jabbari, Mohammad
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Science Policy
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemistry
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Engineering

description: ABSTRACTA magnetic solid-phase extraction (MSPE) method coupled to high performance liquid chromatography with UV (HPLC-UV) was proposed for the determination of organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs) at trace levels in environmental water samples. The ternary nanocomposite of graphene-carbon nanotube-Fe3O4 (G-CNT-Fe3O4) has been synthesised via a simple solvothermal process and the resultant material was characterised by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Significant factors that affect the extraction efficiency, such as amount of magnetic nanocomposite, extraction time, ionic strength, solution pH and desorption conditions were carefully investigated. The results demonstrated that the proposed method had a wide dynamic linear range (0.005–200 ng mL−1), good linearity (R2 = 0.9955–0.9996) and low detection limits (1.4–11 pg mL−1). High enrichment factors were achieved ranging from 930 to 1510. The results show that the developed method is suitable for trace level monitoring of OPPs in environmental water samples.
Eliciting the Discount Parameter in a Power Prior Method on the Basis of the Type I Error Consideration
Creators: name: Lee, Se Yoon
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Plant Biology

description: In Bayesian clinical trial design, the power prior methodology offers a flexible framework for incorporating historical data into the analysis. One critical aspect of this approach is determining the effective sample size, which quantifies the amount of information borrowed from the historical dataset. In this article, we derive a formula for computing the effective sample size of a power prior by eliciting the discount parameter on the basis of the Type I error consideration. Our formula takes into account various factors, including the sample size of the historical dataset and the maximally allowable Type I error rate. We demonstrate the utility of our formula through illustrative examples and provide practical guidelines for its application in clinical trial planning, using a pediatric schizophrenia trial as an example. By accurately estimating the effective sample size, researchers can enhance the efficiency and validity of Bayesian analyses in the context of historical data borrowing. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.
How administrative degradation affects middle-sized cities: lessons from Poland's 1998 regional reform
Creators: name: Cieślak, Borys
name: Nagler, Paula
name: van Oort, Frank
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Among Polish cities facing socioeconomic difficulties are the former regional capitals which lost their administrative status due to the 1998 reform, reducing the number of regions. Making use of this quasi-experimental setting, we assess the impact of the loss of administrative status on the affected cities with difference-in-differences estimations. Our findings show the negative impact of the regional amalgamation on economic and, to a lesser extent, on other dimensions of local development. We identify the reform’s contribution to the growing disparity between the second-tier and the largest cities and reflect on the design of place-based compensatory measures.
Comb-BOIN12: A Utility-Based Bayesian Optimal Interval Design for Dose Optimization in Cancer Drug-Combination Trials
Creators: name: Lu, Mengyi
name: Zhang, Jingyi
name: Yuan, Ying
name: Lin, Ruitao
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: Medicine
Pharmacology
Biotechnology
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Cancer
Computational Biology

description: Drug combinations are increasingly used in cancer treatment to enhance drug effectiveness through synergistic therapeutic effects. However, determining the optimal biological dose combination (OBDC) in small-scale drug combination trials presents challenges due to the increased complexity of the dose space. To effectively optimize the dose combination of combined drugs, we propose a model-assisted design by extending the single-agent Bayesian optimal interval phase I/II (BOIN12) design. Our approach incorporates a utility function to balance the tradeoff between risk and benefit and directly models the utility of each dose by constructing a quasi-beta-binomial model. A key advantage of our design is the simplification of decision-making during interim periods by considering all possible outcomes and pre-including the decision rule in the protocol. Additionally, we present a time-to-event (TITE) version of our design, employing an approximate likelihood approach to mitigate potential late-onset effects. We demonstrate that our proposed design exhibits robust and desirable operating characteristics across various scenarios through extensive simulation studies.
Rapid detection of urinary long non-coding RNA urothelial carcinoma associated one using a PCR-free nanoparticle-based assay
Creators: name: Eissa, Sanaa
name: Matboli, Marwa
name: Essawy, Nada O. E.
name: Shehta, Mahmoud
name: Kotb, Youssef M.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cancer
subject: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Engineering
subject: Biochemistry

description: We developed a specific hybridization assay for direct detection of long non-coding RNA urothelial carcinoma associated-1 (lncRNA-UCA1). Total RNA was extracted from urine pellet samples (bladder carcinoma patients and controls). Then, we compared the developed nanoassay with quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) results in detection of urine UCA1 in bladder cancer and control samples. The sensitivity and the specificity of UCA1 nanoassay were 92.1% and 93.3%, respectively. The concordance of the two methods was 98%. Interestingly, all bilharzial benign cases showed negative lncRNA-UCA1 using both methods. UCA1-nanoassay is a valid test for direct detection of urine UCA1 for bladder cancer detection.
Smart Specialisation Strategies and regional knowledge spaces: how to bridge vision and reality
Creators: name: Kim, Keungoui
name: Ferrante, Chiara
name: Kogler, Dieter F.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Smart Specialisation Strategies (S3) are implemented across European regions. However, investigations into whether S3 initiatives adequately match local knowledge capabilities are very scarce. This work analyses to what extent S3 policies are coherent with the local knowledge space of 164 European regions, respectively. We show to what extent regional S3 policies target ‘central’ technologies, and to what degree S3 policies also target ‘potential’ sectors of knowledge production in specific regional settings. Our findings provide a solution for how S3 policies could be designed in the future to overcome the gap between S3 vision and the reality of constraints in regions.
Place-based sustainable urban mobility: a conceptual framework to spark local designs
Creators: name: Galanakis, Kostas
name: Heinz, Helen
name: Marggraf, Clemens
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Sustainable urban mobility transitions take into account the transportation needs of users and utilities, locality, regional development, and social inclusiveness. This research investigates this complexity and details the planning pillars of ‘avoid, shift, improve’ in a conceptual framework with place-based considerations and prioritisations. Three UK cities provide empirical examples – Durham, Nottingham and London – to illustrate local priorities, governance and investment requirements, under the three inseparable planning pillars. Lessons from these case studies demonstrate the need for strong and aligned collaboration between public and private stakeholders, promoting urban mobility alternatives, infrastructure improvements and covering investment costs.
title: Towards an Understanding of Research Capacity of Allied Health and Nursing and Midwifery Clinicians in the Kimberley Region of Western Australia
Creators: name: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0662-9048
Publisher: name: https://ror.org/02stey378
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/02stey378
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: The aim of this project is to understand the research capacity of Allied Health (AH), and Nursing and Midwifery (NM) clinicians practicing in the Kimberley region of Western Australia.
Beyond the classical type I error: Bayesian metrics for Bayesian designs using informative priors
Creators: name: Best, Nicky
name: Ajimi, Maxine
name: Neuenschwander, Beat
name: Saint-Hilary, Gaëlle
name: Wandel, Simon
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: There is growing interest in Bayesian clinical trial designs with informative prior distributions, e.g. for extrapolation of adult data to pediatrics, or use of external controls. While the classical type I error is commonly used to evaluate such designs, it cannot be strictly controlled and it is acknowledged that other metrics may be more appropriate. We focus on two common situations – borrowing control data or information on the treatment contrast – and discuss several fully probabilistic metrics to evaluate the risk of false positive conclusions. Each metric requires specification of a design prior, which can differ from the analysis prior and permits understanding of the behaviour of a Bayesian design under scenarios where the analysis prior differs from the true data generation process. The metrics include the average type I error and the pre-posterior probability of a false positive result. When borrowing control data, our empirical cases demonstrate that the average type I error is asymptotically controlled (in certain cases strictly) when the analysis and design prior coincide. We illustrate use of these Bayesian metrics with real applications, and discuss how they could facilitate discussions between sponsors, regulators and other stakeholders about the appropriateness of Bayesian borrowing designs for pivotal studies.
Phytoseiulus Evans
Creators: name: ZahidiK, Abdelaziz
name: Akchour, Abdellah
name: K, Serge Kreiter
name: TixierK, Marie-Stéphane
name: MsandaK, Fouad
name: MousadikK, Abdelhamid El
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Mesostigmata
Phytoseiidae
Phytoseiulus

description: Genus Phytoseiulus Evans
 Phytoseiulus Evans 1952: 397.
description: Published as part of ZahidiK, Abdelaziz, Akchour, Abdellah, K, Serge Kreiter, TixierK, Marie-Stéphane, MsandaK, Fouad & MousadikK, Abdelhamid El, 2023, Phytoseiid mites (Acari: Mesostigmata) from Central West Morocco: new records and key to females of all recorded Moroccan species, pp. 691-724 in Acarologia 63 (3) on page 698, DOI: 10.24349/v5of-5oe1, http://zenodo.org/record/10786247
Eliciting the discount parameter in a power prior method on the basis of the type I error consideration
Creators: name: Lee, Se Yoon
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Plant Biology

description: In Bayesian clinical trial design, the power prior methodology offers a flexible framework for incorporating historical data into the analysis. One critical aspect of this approach is determining the effective sample size, which quantifies the amount of information borrowed from the historical dataset. In this article, we derive a formula for computing the effective sample size of a power prior by eliciting the discount parameter on the basis of the type I error consideration. Our formula takes into account various factors, including the sample size of the historical dataset and the maximally allowable type I error rate. We demonstrate the utility of our formula through illustrative examples and provide practical guidelines for its application in clinical trial planning, using a pediatric schizophrenia trial as an example. By accurately estimating the effective sample size, researchers can enhance the efficiency and validity of Bayesian analyses in the context of historical data borrowing.
Barilius mesopotamicus Berg 1932
Creators: name: Sayyadzadeh, Golnaz
name: Esmaeili, Hamid Reza
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Cypriniformes
Cyprinidae
Barilius
Barilius mesopotamicus

description: 152. Barilius mesopotamicus Berg, 1932
Common name. Mesopotamian minnow
Taxonomy. Original description: Barilius mesopotamicus Berg, 1932: 333, fig. 1 [Gawi River, Tigris River basin, 33°20'N, 46°20'E, Iraq; holotype: ZIN 23955].
Revisions. Bianco & Bănărescu (1982: 76); Liao et al. (2011).
Illustrations. Berg (1932: fig. 1).
Distribution in Iran. —Distribution in River Basin: Tigris, Persis.—Distribution in Ecoregions: 441-Lower Tigris & Euphrates, 442-Upper Tigris & Euphrates.
Conservation. —IUCN: LC.
Status in Iran. [Native].—Sibil mahi-e Beinolnahrein.—Listed in previous checklists from Iran by Esmaeili et al. (2017 a, 2018); Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. (2020) and Eagderi et al. (2022).—Iran material: ZM-CBSU.
description: Published as part of Sayyadzadeh, Golnaz & Esmaeili, Hamid Reza, 2024, Freshwater lamprey and fishes of Iran: Reappraisal and updated checklist with a note on Eagderi et al. (2022), pp. 1-99 in Zootaxa 5402 (1) on page 51, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5402.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10524097
Finiteness of canonical quotients of Dehn quandles of surfaces
Creators: name: Dhanwani, Neeraj K.
name: Singh, Mahender
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 57K10, 57K20, Secondary 57K12

description: The Dehn quandle of a closed orientable surface is the set of isotopy classes of non-separating simple closed curves with a natural quandle structure arising from Dehn twists. In this paper, we consider finiteness of some canonical quotients of these quandles. For a surface of positive genus, we give a precise description of the 2-quandle of its Dehn quandle. Further, with some exceptions for genus more than two, we determine all values of $n$ for which the $n$-quandle of its Dehn quandle is finite. The result can be thought of as the Dehn quandle analogue of a similar result of Hoste and Shanahan for link quandles. We also compute the size of the smallest non-trivial quandle quotient of the Dehn quandle of a surface. Along the way, we prove that the involutory quotient of an Artin quandle is precisely the corresponding Coxeter quandle and also determine the smallest non-trivial quotient of a braid quandle.
description: 16 pages and 3 figures
Constitutive modeling of plastically deformed and damaged bamboo under monotonic increasing uniaxial compressive load and cyclic uniaxial compressive load using the principles of continuum damage mechanics and the theory of endochronic plasticity
Creators: name: Fozao, D.S.
name: Foudjet, A.E.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Constitutive modeling
uniaxial compressive loading
bamboo culms
endochronic theory of plasticity
isotropic damage

description: 1. General objective
 The general objective of this work is to study the behaviour of bamboo culms under the monotonic increasing and cyclic uniaxial compressive loading regimes.
 2. Specific objectives
 • To carry out laboratory tests on the bamboo species Oxtenanthera abyssinica, found in the Congo Basin Rain Forest, using the monotonic and cyclic uniaxial compressive loading regimes.
 • To determine the constitutive relationship of damaged bamboo under these loading regimes.
 • To compare the stress-strain curves of the test specimens of bamboo culms produce from the test data and those produced using the constitutive relationships developed.
 3. Problem Statement and Research Hypotheses
 Bamboo is an example of an engineering material that can be used to build structures in adverse situations such as under wind loads and in earthquake prone areas. Bamboo culms contain micro cracks which result from natural factors such as wind loads and environmental climatic changes.
 With the advances in technology and for economic reasons, the inelastic behaviour of engineering materials must be taken into consideration when designing engineering structurers to resist very heavy loads.
 Although some amount of effort has been directed at determining the characteristics of bamboo, very little has been done on the study of its behaviour under loading. No mathematical models exist that can be used to model its behaviour under monotonic as well as cyclic uniaxial compressive loading.
 Therefore, the hypothesis of this research work is that: “the behaviour of cracked bamboo subjected to monotonic uniaxial compressive loading or cyclic uniaxial compressive loading beyond its elastic limit can be predicted using analytical formulations”.
Bayesian Shrinkage Estimation of Credible Subgroups for Count Data with Excess Zeros
Creators: name: Ngo, Duy
name: Quartey, Daniel
name: Schnell, Patrick M.
name: Baumgartner, Richard
name: Mt-Isa, Shahrul
name: Feng, Dai
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Heterogeneity of treatment effects due to heterogeneous patient characteristics often arises in clinical trials. Subgroup analysis and the analysis of interactions are the most common approaches for evaluating such heterogeneous effects but do not explicitly address multiplicity issues. Another common challenge of analyzing treatment effect heterogeneity is the large number of possible covariates which inevitably causes problems related to multiplicity and lack of power. In this article, we develop a Bayesian credible subgroups method using continuous shrinkage priors to assess heterogeneity in treatment effects and multiplicity-adjusted benefiting subgroup identification for zero-inflated count data, which are often encountered in medical and public health studies. Our proposed method provides two bounding subgroups for the true benefiting subgroup: one that is probably contained by the true benefiting subgroup and one that probably contains the true benefiting subgroup. A simulation study has been conducted to compare the performance of the proposed method with other methods through frequentist properties. We apply our method to a clinical bladder tumor trial studying the effect of thiotepa treatment on the reduction of the recurrence of bladder tumor.
Impact of multi-morbidity on quality of healthcare and its implications for health policy, research and clinical practice. A scoping review
Creators: name: Ricci-Cabello, Ignacio
name: Valderas, Jose M.
name: Concepció Violán
name: Quinti Foguet-Boreu
name: Mounce, Luke T. A.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: Science Policy
Biological Sciences
Medicine

description: The simultaneous presence of multiple conditions in one patient (multi-morbidity) is a key challenge facing healthcare systems globally. It potentially threatens the coordination, continuity and safety of care. In this paper, we report the results of a scoping review examining the impact of multi-morbidity on the quality of healthcare. We used its results as a basis for a discussion of the challenges that research in this area is currently facing. In addition, we discuss its implications for health policy and clinical practice. The review identified 37 studies focussing on multi-morbidity but using conceptually different approaches. Studies focusing on ‘comorbidity’ (i.e. the ‘index disease’ approach) suggested that quality may be enhanced in the presence of synergistic conditions, and impaired by antagonistic or neutral conditions. Studies on ‘multi-morbidity’ (i.e. multiplicity of problems) and ‘morbidity burden’ (i.e. the total severity of conditions) suggested that increasing number of conditions and severity may be associated with better quality of healthcare when measured by process or intermediate outcome indicators, but with worse quality when patient-centred measures are used. However, issues related to the conceptualization and measurement of multi-morbidity (inconsistent across studies) and of healthcare quality (restricted to evaluations for each separate condition without incorporating considerations about multi-morbidity itself and its implications for management) compromised the generalizability of these observations. Until these issues are addressed and robust evidence becomes available, clinicians should apply minimally invasive and patient-centred medicine when delivering care for clinically complex patients. Health systems should focus on enhancing primary care centred coordination and continuity of care.
Explaining fatigue: An examination of patient causal attributions and their (in)congruence with family doctors’ initial causal attributions
Creators: name: Nijrolder, Iris
name: Leone, Stephanie S
name: Horst, Henriette E Van Der
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Science Policy
subject: Cancer
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Background: General practitioners (GPs) and patients can have different ideas about the causes of fatigue, which may hinder management of fatigue.Objective: To investigate the causal attributions of patients and their GPs for fatigue, their level of agreement, and the association between patients’ attributions, and fatigue characteristics and other illness perceptions.Methods: Baseline data, collected between 2004 and 2006, of a prospective cohort study among 642 adult patients presenting to Dutch primary care practices (n = 147) with a main symptom of fatigue, were used. Patient causal attributions and illness perceptions were measured using the revised illness perception questionnaire (fatigue version). GP causal attributions were measured with an open question included in the form that was completed at the end of the patient's visit. Fatigue severity was measured using the checklist individual strength.Results: Psychosocial causes were among the most often reported causal attributions by both patients and GPs. In 33% of 519 cases, the GP had no idea about the cause whereas the patient did. Overall, the agreement between the first reported causal attribution of patients and GPs was low. Qualitative differences in the labelling of causes were also found. Type of attribution (physical vs psychosocial/psychological) was associated with duration of fatigue (40 vs 25 months), and personal control (score 17.4 vs. 18.9).Conclusion: Most patients and GPs had ideas about the causes of fatigue, but differences were found in the first reported causes and the labelling of causes. The findings may provide leads for optimizing communication about fatigue.
Use of FBG Sensors for SHM in Aerospace Structures
Creators: name: Kahandawa, Gayan C.
name: Epaarachchi, Jayantha
name: Wang, Hao
name: Lau, Alan
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: This paper details some significant findings on the use of the fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors for structural health monitoring (SHM) in aerospace fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) structures. A diminutive sensor provides a capability of imbedding inside FRP structures to monitor vital locations of damage. Some practical problems associated with the implementation of FBG based SHM systems in the aerospace FRP structures such as the difficulty of embedding FBG sensors during the manufacturing process and interrelation of distortion to FBG spectra due to internal damage, and other independent effects will be thoroughly studied. An innovative method to interpret FBG signals for identifying damage inside the structures will also be discussed.
Multi-Physics Mathematical Model for Weakly-Ionized Plasma Flows
Creators: name: Marzouk, Osama A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 76X05

description: This work presents a multidisciplinary mathematical model, as a set of coupled governing equations and auxiliary relations describing the fluid-flow, thermal, and electric fields of partially-ionized plasma with low magnetic Reynolds numbers. The model is generic enough to handle three-dimensionality, Hall effect, compressibility, and variability of fluid, thermal, and electric properties of the plasma. The model can be of interest to computational modelers aiming to build a solver that quantitatively assesses direct extraction of electric energy from a plasma flow. Three different approaches are proposed to solve numerically for the electric fields with different levels of tolerance toward possible numerical instability encountered at a large Hall parameter, where the effective conductivity tensor loses diagonal dominance and becomes close to singular. A submodel for calculating the local electric properties of the plasma is presented in detail and is applied to demonstrate the effect of different factors on the electric conductivity, including the fuel's carbon/hydrogen ratio and the alkaline seed element that acts as the ionizing species. An analytical expression for the collision cross-section for argon is developed, such that this noble gas can be included as one of the gaseous species comprising the plasma.
description: 16 pages, 90 equations, 3 figures, journal paper
Ctenopharyngodon idella
Creators: name: Sayyadzadeh, Golnaz
name: Esmaeili, Hamid Reza
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Cypriniformes
Cyprinidae
Ctenopharyngodon
Ctenopharyngodon idella

description: 154. Ctenopharyngodon idella (Valenciennes, 1844)
Common name. Grass carp
Taxonomy. Original description: Leuciscus idella Valenciennes in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1844: 362 (China; no types known).
Revisions. Berg (1949: 597).
Illustrations. Berg (1949: 598, fig. 353).
Distribution in Iran. —Distribution in River Basin and Ecoregions: Widespread in many parts of Iran.
Status in Iran. [Exotic].—Amour, Kapor Alafkhar.—Listed in previous checklists from Iran by Esmaeili et al. (2017 a, 2018); Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. (2020) and Eagderi et al. (2022).—Iran material: ZM-CBSU.
Conservation. Not relevant (introduced species).
description: Published as part of Sayyadzadeh, Golnaz & Esmaeili, Hamid Reza, 2024, Freshwater lamprey and fishes of Iran: Reappraisal and updated checklist with a note on Eagderi et al. (2022), pp. 1-99 in Zootaxa 5402 (1) on page 51, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5402.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10524097
Correlated frequency noise in a multimode acoustic resonator
Creators: name: Tubsrinuan, Nuttamas
name: Cole, Jared H.
name: Delsing, Per
name: Andersson, Gustav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Frequency instabilities are a major source of errors in quantum devices. This study investigates frequency fluctuations in a surface acoustic wave (SAW) resonator, where reflection coefficients of 14 SAW modes are measured simultaneously for more than seven hours. We report two distinct noise characteristics. Multimode frequency noise caused by interactions with two-level system (TLS) defects shows significant degrees of correlations that diminish with increased detuning. This finding agrees with the current understanding of the parasitic TLS behavior as one of the dominant noise sources in quantum devices. In addition to the TLS-induced noise, we observe strong anomalous frequency fluctuations with slow, anti-correlated dynamics. These noise bursts resemble signatures of cosmic radiation observed in superconducting quantum systems.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures (including supplementary information)
On Locality of Quantum Information in the Heisenberg Picture for Arbitrary States
Creators: name: Kong, Otto C. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The locality issue of quantum mechanics is a key issue to a proper understanding of quantum physics and beyond. What has been commonly emphasized as quantum nonlocality has received an inspiring examination through the notion of Heisenberg picture of quantum information. Deutsch and Hayden established a local description of quantum information in a setting of quantum information flow in a system of qubits. With the introduction of a slightly modified version of what we call the Deutsch-Hayden matrix values of observables, together with our recently introduced parallel notion of the noncommutative values from a more fundamental perspective, we clarify all the locality issues based on such values as quantum information carried by local observables in any given arbitrary state of a generic composite system. Quantum information as the {\em `quantum' values} of observables gives a transparent conceptual picture of all the. Spatial locality for a projective measurement is also discussed. The pressing question is if and how such information for an entangled system can be retrieved through local processes which can only be addressed with new experimental thinking.
description: 28 pages in RevTeX, no figure; proofread version as published except with one equation corrected (marked red)
Hybrid model of the kernel method for quantum computers
Creators: name: de Borba, Jhordan Silveira
name: Maziero, Jonas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The field of quantum machine learning is a promising way to lead to a revolution in intelligent data processing methods. In this way, a hybrid learning method based on classic kernel methods is proposed. This proposal also requires the development of a quantum algorithm for the calculation of internal products between vectors of continuous values. In order for this to be possible, it was necessary to make adaptations to the classic kernel method, since it is necessary to consider the limitations imposed by the Hilbert space of the quantum processor. As a test case, we applied this new algorithm to learn to classify whether new points generated randomly, in a finite square located under a plane, were found inside or outside a circle located inside this square. It was found that the algorithm was able to correctly detect new points in 99% of the samples tested, with a small difference due to considering the radius slightly larger than the ideal. However, the kernel method was able to perform classifications correctly, as well as the internal product algorithm successfully performed the internal product calculations using quantum resources. Thus, the present work represents a contribution to the area, proposing a new model of machine learning accessible to both physicists and computer scientists.
description: 14 pages, in Portuguese language, 1 figure
Phytoseiulus persimilis Athias-Henriot 1957
Creators: name: ZahidiK, Abdelaziz
name: Akchour, Abdellah
name: K, Serge Kreiter
name: TixierK, Marie-Stéphane
name: MsandaK, Fouad
name: MousadikK, Abdelhamid El
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Mesostigmata
Phytoseiidae
Phytoseiulus
Phytoseiulus persimilis

description: Phytoseiulus persimilis Athias-Henriot
 Phytoseiulus persimilis Athias-Henriot 1957a: 347.
 Typhlodromus persimilis, Hirschmann 1962: 75.
 Phytoseiulus (Phytoseiulus) persimilis, Wainstein 1962: 17.
 Phytoseiulus persimilis, Chant 1959: 109 ; Moraes et al. 1986: 109, 2004a: 169 ; Chant & McMurtry 2006: 20, 2007: 53.
 Phytoseiulus riegeli Dosse, 1958: 48 (Synonymy according to Kennett & Caltagirone 1968). Phytoseiulus tardi Lombardini, 1959: 166 (Synonymy according to Kennett & Caltagirone 1968).
 World distribution — Algeria, Australia, Canada, Canary Islands, Chile, China, Costa Rica, Cyprus, Egypt, Finland, France, Greece, Guatemala, Hungary, Iran, Israel, Italy, Japan, Jordan, Kenya, Latvia, Lybia, Martinique, Mauritius, Morocco, Netherlands, New Caledonia, New Zealand, Peru, Philippines, Portugal, Reunion Island, Rodrigues Island (Mauritius), Serbia, Slovenia, South Africa, South Korea, Spain, Syria, Tunisia, Turkey, USA, and Venezuela.
 Previous records from Morocco — The presence of this species has been reported on wild plants and crops in various regions of Morocco by McMurtry and Bounfour (1989) and Tixier et al. (2003). It was observed on Ricinus communis L. (Euphorbiaceae), Stachys ocymastum (L.) Briq. (Lamiaceae), Vicia benghalensis L. (Fabaceae), Solananum sodomeum L. (Solanaceae), and Malva spp. (Malvaceae).
 Specimens examined — 2 ♀♀ on citrus leaves in June 2017 ; 4 ♀♀ + 2 ♂♂ on Malva parviflora L. (Malvaceae); 3 ♀♀ on Convolvulus althaeoides L. (Convolvulaceae) at Stah
Al Madina. 4 ♀♀ on the same previous substrate at Saouda in June 2017 ; 4 ♀♀ and 1 ♂ at Taoufiqui 1 domain in the same date. 4 ♀♀ at Chbaika orchards on the same previous substrate in June and September 2018.
 Remarks — Description and measurements of the adult females agree with those provided by Ferragut et al. (2010) for specimens from Spain and by Kreiter et al. (2018, 2020b) for specimens from Mauritius, La Réunion and various regions in the world. This species was mainly known from Mediterranean climates around the world (Takahashi and Chant 1993 ; Kreiter et al. 2010). It is one of the best-known phytoseiid species as specialist predator, since its use to control T. urticae in greenhouses (McMurtry and Croft 1997 ; Escudero and Ferragut 2004 ; McMurtry et al. 2013).
description: Published as part of ZahidiK, Abdelaziz, Akchour, Abdellah, K, Serge Kreiter, TixierK, Marie-Stéphane, MsandaK, Fouad & MousadikK, Abdelhamid El, 2023, Phytoseiid mites (Acari: Mesostigmata) from Central West Morocco: new records and key to females of all recorded Moroccan species, pp. 691-724 in Acarologia 63 (3) on page 698, DOI: 10.24349/v5of-5oe1, http://zenodo.org/record/10786247