cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Wearable Meets LLM for Stress Management: A Duoethnographic Study Integrating Wearable-Triggered Stressors and LLM Chatbots for Personalized Interventions
Creators: name: Neupane, Sameer
name: Dongre, Poorvesh
name: Gracanin, Denis
name: Kumar, Santosh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We use a duoethnographic approach to study how wearable-integrated LLM chatbots can assist with personalized stress management, addressing the growing need for immediacy and tailored interventions. Two researchers interacted with custom chatbots over 22 days, responding to wearable-detected physiological prompts, recording stressor phrases, and using them to seek tailored interventions from their LLM-powered chatbots. They recorded their experiences in autoethnographic diaries and analyzed them during weekly discussions, focusing on the relevance, clarity, and impact of chatbot-generated interventions. Results showed that even though most events triggered by the wearable were meaningful, only one in five warranted an intervention. It also showed that interventions tailored with brief event descriptions were more effective than generic ones. By examining the intersection of wearables and LLM, this research contributes to developing more effective, user-centric mental health tools for real-time stress relief and behavior change.
description: In CHI '25 Proceedings of the CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems Yokohama, Japan
Ramphastos tucanus Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Piciformes
Ramphastidae
Ramphastos
Ramphastos tucanus

description: Ramphastos tucanus [spec. nov.]
R. rostro rubro: carina obtusa alba.
Habitat in America meridionali.
Maxillae versus basin fascia nigra.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 103, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
New HST Observations of High Velocity Lyman Alpha and Balmer Alpha in SNR 1987A
Creators: name: Michael, Eli
name: McCray, Richard
name: Pun, C. S. J.
name: Borkowski, Kazimierz
name: Garnavich, Peter
name: Challis, Peter
name: Kirshner, Robert P.
name: Chevalier, Roger
name: Fillippenko, Alexei
name: Fransson, Cleas
name: Panagia, Nino
name: Phillips, Mark
name: Schmidt, Brian
name: Suntzeff, Nicholas
name: Wheeler, J. Craig
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe and model high velocity (~15,000 km/s) Lyman alpha and Balmer alpha emission from supernova remnant 1987A seen in September and October 1997 with the Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph. Part of this emission comes from a reverse shock located at ~75% of the radius of the inner boundary of the inner circumstellar ring and confined within 30 degrees of the equatorial plane. Departure from axisymmetry in the Lyman alpha and Balmer alpha emission correlates with that seen in nonthermal radio emission and reveals an asymmetry in the circumstellar gas distribution. We also see diffuse high velocity Lyman alpha emission from supernova debris inside the reverse shock that may be due to excitation by nonthermal particles accelerated by the shock.
description: 10 pages, 3 postscript figures. Submitted to ApJL on Sept 8, 1998; accepted Oct. 20, 1998. Text adjusted to referee's comments
Hydrodynamic accretion onto rapidly rotating Kerr black hole
Creators: name: Pariev, Vladimir I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bondi type hydrodynamic accretion of the surrounding matter onto Kerr black hole with an arbitrary rotational parameter is considered. The effects of viscosity, thermal conductivity and interaction with radiation field are neglected. The black hole is supposed to be at rest with respect to matter at infinity. The flow is adiabatic and has no angular momentum. The fact that usually in astrophysics substance far from the black hole has nonrelativistic temperature introduces small parameter to the problem and allows to search for the solution as a perturbation to the accretion of a cold, that is dust--like, matter. However, far from the black hole on the scales of order of the radius of the sonic surface the expansion must be performed with respect to Bondi spherically symmetrical solution for the accretion on a Newtonian gravitating centre. The equations thus obtained are solved analytically. The conditions of the regularity of the solution at the sonic surface and at infinity allow to specify unique solution, to find the shape of the sonic surface and to determine the corrections to Bondi accretion rate.
description: 15 pages, standard LaTeX article style (submitted to Mon. Not. of the Roy. Astron. Soc.)
A comparison of single- and double-threshold ROC plots for mixture distributions
Creators: name: Ibrar, Faryal
name: Ali, Sajid
name: Shah, Ismail
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: The receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis is commonly used in clinical settings to check the performance of a single threshold for distinguishing population-wise bimodal-distributed test results. However, for population-wise three-modal distributed test results, a single threshold ROC (stROC) analysis showed poor discriminative performance. The purpose of this study is to use a double-threshold ROC analysis for the three-modal distributed test results to provide better discriminative performance than the stROC analysis. A double-threshold receiver operating characteristic plot (dtROC) is constructed by replacing the single threshold with a double threshold. The sensitivity and specificity coordinates are chosen to maximize sensitivity for a given specificity value. Besides a simulation study assuming a mixture of lognormal, Poisson, and Weibull distributions, a clinical application is examined by a secondary data analysis of palpation test results of the C7 spinous process using the modified thorax–rib static technique. For the assumed mixture models, the discrimination performance of dtROC analysis outperforms the stROC analysis (area under ROC (AUROC) increased from 0.436 to 0.983 for lognormal distributed test results, 0.676 to 0.752 for the Poisson distribution, and 0.674 to 0.804 for Weibull distribution).
THOR: A Non-Speculative Value Dependent Timing Side Channel Attack Exploiting Intel AMX
Creators: name: Dizani, Farshad
name: Ghanbari, Azam
name: Kalyanapu, Joshua
name: Asher, Darsh
name: Ajorpaz, Samira Mirbagher
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Hardware Architecture (cs.AR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The rise of on-chip accelerators signifies a major shift in computing, driven by the growing demands of artificial intelligence (AI) and specialized applications. These accelerators have gained popularity due to their ability to substantially boost performance, cut energy usage, lower total cost of ownership (TCO), and promote sustainability. Intel's Advanced Matrix Extensions (AMX) is one such on-chip accelerator, specifically designed for handling tasks involving large matrix multiplications commonly used in machine learning (ML) models, image processing, and other computational-heavy operations. In this paper, we introduce a novel value-dependent timing side-channel vulnerability in Intel AMX. By exploiting this weakness, we demonstrate a software-based, value-dependent timing side-channel attack capable of inferring the sparsity of neural network weights without requiring any knowledge of the confidence score, privileged access or physical proximity. Our attack method can fully recover the sparsity of weights assigned to 64 input elements within 50 minutes, which is 631% faster than the maximum leakage rate achieved in the Hertzbleed attack.
title: ADCO, Comptes du Petit-Cîteaux (1477-1491) (11 H 1179), f. 00144
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CBMA/CG21/F.PETOT/2019
name: Petot, Frédéric
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: comptes
subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris
subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge
subject: cartulaire

description: Comptes du Petit-Cîteaux (1477-1491), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, (11 H 1179). Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Comptes du Petit-Cîteaux (1477-1491), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, (11 H 1179), f. 00144, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https://manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: abbaye de Cîteaux
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843261
description: Provenance: https://www.geonames.org/3024876
description: Provenance: http://www.idref.fr/030974844/id
description: Provenance: https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12228351v
MILD-Net: Minimal Information Loss Dilated Network for Gland Instance Segmentation in Colon Histology Images
Creators: name: Graham, Simon
name: Chen, Hao
name: Gamper, Jevgenij
name: Dou, Qi
name: Heng, Pheng-Ann
name: Snead, David
name: Tsang, Yee Wah
name: Rajpoot, Nasir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The analysis of glandular morphology within colon histopathology images is an important step in determining the grade of colon cancer. Despite the importance of this task, manual segmentation is laborious, time-consuming and can suffer from subjectivity among pathologists. The rise of computational pathology has led to the development of automated methods for gland segmentation that aim to overcome the challenges of manual segmentation. However, this task is non-trivial due to the large variability in glandular appearance and the difficulty in differentiating between certain glandular and non-glandular histological structures. Furthermore, a measure of uncertainty is essential for diagnostic decision making. To address these challenges, we propose a fully convolutional neural network that counters the loss of information caused by max-pooling by re-introducing the original image at multiple points within the network. We also use atrous spatial pyramid pooling with varying dilation rates for preserving the resolution and multi-level aggregation. To incorporate uncertainty, we introduce random transformations during test time for an enhanced segmentation result that simultaneously generates an uncertainty map, highlighting areas of ambiguity. We show that this map can be used to define a metric for disregarding predictions with high uncertainty. The proposed network achieves state-of-the-art performance on the GlaS challenge dataset and on a second independent colorectal adenocarcinoma dataset. In addition, we perform gland instance segmentation on whole-slide images from two further datasets to highlight the generalisability of our method. As an extension, we introduce MILD-Net+ for simultaneous gland and lumen segmentation, to increase the diagnostic power of the network.
description: Initial version published at Medical Imaging with Deep Learning (MIDL) 2018
Statistical methods for assessing drug interactions using observational data
Creators: name: Xu, Qian
name: Antimisiaris, Demetra
name: Kong, Maiying
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: Medicine
Pharmacology
Biotechnology
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Science Policy

description: With advances in medicine, many drugs and treatments become available. On the one hand, polydrug use (i.e. using more than one drug at a time) has been used to treat patients with multiple morbid conditions, and polydrug use may cause severe side effects. On the other hand, combination treatments have been successfully developed to treat severe diseases such as cancer and chronic diseases. Observational data, such as electronic health record data, may provide useful information for assessing drug interactions. In this article, we propose using marginal structural models to assess the average treatment effect and causal interaction of two drugs by controlling confounding variables. The causal effect and the interaction of two drugs are assessed using the weighted likelihood approach, with weights being the inverse probability of the treatment assigned. Simulation studies were conducted to examine the performance of the proposed method, which showed that the proposed method was able to estimate the causal parameters consistently. Case studies were conducted to examine the joint effect of metformin and glyburide use on reducing the hospital readmission for type 2 diabetic patients, and to examine the joint effect of antecedent statins and opioids use on the immune and inflammatory biomarkers for COVID-19 hospitalized patients.
Comparing approximate methods for mock catalogues and covariance matrices II: Power spectrum multipoles
Creators: name: Blot, Linda
name: Crocce, Martin
name: Sefusatti, Emiliano
name: Lippich, Martha
name: Sánchez, Ariel G.
name: Colavincenzo, Manuel
name: Monaco, Pierluigi
name: Alvarez, Marcelo A.
name: Agrawal, Aniket
name: Avila, Santiago
name: Balaguera-Antolínez, Andrés
name: Bond, Richard
name: Codis, Sandrine
name: Vecchia, Claudio Dalla
name: Dorta, Antonio
name: Fosalba, Pablo
name: Izard, Albert
name: Kitaura, Francisco-Shu
name: Pellejero-Ibanez, Marcos
name: Stein, George
name: Vakili, Mohammadjavad
name: Yepes, Gustavo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the accuracy of several approximate methods for gravitational dynamics in terms of halo power spectrum multipoles and their estimated covariance matrix. We propagate the differences in covariances into parameter constrains related to growth rate of structure, Alcock-Paczynski distortions and biasing. We consider seven methods in three broad categories: algorithms that solve for halo density evolution deterministically using Lagrangian trajectories (ICE-COLA, Pinocchio and PeakPatch), methods that rely on halo assignment schemes onto dark-matter overdensities calibrated with a target N-body run (Halogen, Patchy) and two standard assumptions about the full density PDF (Gaussian and Lognormal). We benchmark their performance against a set of three hundred N-body simulations, running similar sets of approximate simulations with matched initial conditions, for each method. We find that most methods reproduce the monopole to within $5\%$, while residuals for the quadrupole are sometimes larger and scale dependent. The variance of the multipoles is typically reproduced within $10\%$. Overall, we find that covariances built from approximate simulations yield errors on model parameters within $10\%$ of those from the N-body based covariance.
description: 20 pages, 16 figures, replaced to match accepted MNRAS version. Results on parameter errors changed
Joint modelling of mental health markers through pregnancy: a Bayesian semi-parametric approach
Creators: name: Feng, Shengxiao Vincent
name: van den Boom, Willem
name: De Iorio, Maria
name: Thng, Gladi J.
name: Chan, Jerry K. Y.
name: Chen, Helen Y.
name: Tan, Kok Hian
name: Kee, Michelle Z. L.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Maternal depression and anxiety through pregnancy have lasting societal impacts. It is thus crucial to understand the trajectories of its progression from preconception to postnatal period, and the risk factors associated with it. Within the Bayesian framework, we propose to jointly model seven outcomes, of which two are physiological and five non-physiological indicators of maternal depression and anxiety over time. We model the former two by a Gaussian process and the latter by an autoregressive model, while imposing a multidimensional Dirichlet process prior on the subject-specific random effects to account for subject heterogeneity and induce clustering. The model allows for the inclusion of covariates through a regression term. Our findings reveal four distinct clusters of trajectories of the seven health outcomes, characterising women's mental health progression from before to after pregnancy. Importantly, our results caution against the loose use of hair corticosteroids as a biomarker, or even a causal factor, for pregnancy mental health progression. Additionally, the regression analysis reveals a range of preconception determinants and risk factors for depressive and anxiety symptoms during pregnancy.
Discovery of a magnetar associated with the Soft Gamma Repeater SGR 1900+14
Creators: name: Kouveliotou, Chryssa
name: Strohmayer, Tod
name: Hurley, Kevin
name: van Paradijs, Jan
name: Finger, Mark H.
name: Dieters, Stefan
name: Woods, Peter
name: Thompson, Christopher
name: Duncan, Robert S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The soft-gamma repeater SGR 1900+14 became active again on June 1998 after a long period of quiescence; it remained at a low state of activity until August 1998, when it emitted a series of extraordinarily intense outbursts. We have observed the source with RXTE twice, during the onset of each active episode. We confirm the pulsations at the 5.16 s period reported earlier (Hurley et al. 1998b, Hurley et al. 1998 e) from SGR 1900+14. Here we report the detection of a secular spindown of the pulse period at an average rate of 1.1*10^{-10} s/s. In view of the strong similarities between SGRs, we attribute the spindown of SGR 1900+14 to magnetic dipole radiation, possibly accelerated by a quiescent flux, as in the case of SGR 1806-20 (Kouveliotou et al. 1998a). This allows an estimate of the pulsar dipolar magnetic field, which is 2-8*10^{14} G. Our results confirm that SGRs are magnetars.
description: LaTeX 15 pages plus 5 figures. Accepted by ApJ Letters
Measurement of energy reduction by inertial Alfvén waves propagating through parallel gradients in the Alfvén speed
Creators: name: Joshi, Garima
name: Bose, Sayak
name: Carter, Troy
name: Savin, Daniel Wolf
name: Tripathi, Shreekrishna
name: Vincena, Stephen
name: Hahn, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have studied the propagation of inertial Alfvén waves through parallel gradients in the Alfvén speed using the Large Plasma Device at the University of California, Los Angeles. The reflection and transmission of Alfvén waves through inhomogeneities in the background plasma is important for understanding wave propagation, turbulence, and heating in space, laboratory, and astrophysical plasmas. Here we \rev{present inertial Alfvén waves, under conditions relevant to solar flares and the solar corona. We find} that the transmission of the inertial Alfvén waves is reduced as the sharpness of the gradient is increased. Any reflected waves were below the detection limit of our experiment and reflection cannot account for all of the energy not transmitted through the gradient. Our findings indicate that, for both kinetic and inertial Alfvén waves, the controlling parameter for the transmission of the waves through an Alfvén speed gradient is the ratio of the Alfvén wavelength along the gradient divided by the scale length of the gradient. Furthermore, our results suggest that an as-yet-unidentified damping process occurs in the gradient.
THE NORTH'S DEMAND FOR SOUTHERN EXPORTS AND IMMISERIZATION OF THE SOUTH
Creators: name: Mahbob, Abdelhamid
name: Nugent, Jeffery
name: Mahbob, Abdelhamid
name: Nugent, Jeffery
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1986
Subjects: International Relations/Trade

description: This paper constructs an alternative model of North-South trade to the controversial one of Chichilnisky for purposes of demonstrating that export-led growth can be immiserizing for the South even when the source of export growth is an increase in the North's demand for the South's export. The model relies on a dualistic labor market, a relatively substantial urban unemployment rate and a Harris-Todaro migration function which serves as an adjustment mechanism additional to that of the terms of trade. Since the dualistic labor market constitutes a distortion, the model represents another special case of Bhagwati's "general theory of immiserizing growth".
Towards the total synthesis of (-)-euonyminol
Creators: name: Wong, Yau Nga
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2012

description: Since its isolation from the Celastraceae vine Tripterygium wilfordii Hook in 1953, (-)-euonyminol remains the most highly oxygenated dihydro-β-agarofuran core found in a variety of bioactive Celastraceae natural products, including hypoglaunine B and hyponine B, both of which had been identified as potential anti-HIV agents. This thesis contains an overview of the natural products of the Celastraceae family and the wide spectrum of interesting biological activity that they display, with particular focus upon anti-HIV properties. Prior synthetic work towards euonyminol and background synthetic studies towards the construction of related decalin scaffolds via ring closing metathesis are also described. The remainder of this thesis describes the efforts made towards the total synthesis of (-)-euonyminol via both a two-directional method and an alternative ring-opening-ring-closing metathesis approach, the viability of which was proven using model systems.
The interaction between factor H and factor H binding protein in susceptibility to Meningococcal disease
Creators: name: Tan, Lionel
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2012

description: Neisseria meningitidis recruits the complement regulator, factor H (fH), to its surface via factor H binding protein (fHbp), enabling it to evade the immune system. fHbp was included in vaccines prior to it being known that fHbp bound fH, potentially masking epitopes and reducing immunogenicity. fH comprises 20 short consensus repeat (SCR) domains. fHbp binds to SCRs 6 and 7 of human but not murine fH. fHbp is classified into three variant families (V1, V2 and V3). High affinity interactions between fHbp V1 and fH are dependent on two amino acids in fHbp, E283 and E304. Using modified recombinant fHbps with defined amino acid changes at E283 and E304, wild-type and transgenic mice (expressing a chimeric fH containing human SCRs 6-8) were immunised. Despite a reduction in fH binding by far Western and surface plasmon resonance analyses, the modified fHbps retained their immunogenicity and elicited variant-specific bactericidal activity equivalent to wild-type fHbp V1. fHbps V2 and V3 were shown to bind fH with high affinity; however, mutagenesis of amino acids in fHbps V2 and V3 corresponding to E283 and E304 demonstrated that these residues are less involved in interactions with fH. Furthermore, N.gonorrhoeae has an orthologue of fHbp, ngo0033; the protein, NGO0033, shares 86% amino acid identity with fHbp V3, but does not bind fH. Finally, invasive meningococcal strains in which fHbp either contained a frame shift mutation or was entirely absent were found to not express fHbp and were shown to have reduced capacity to bind fH. This suggests that expression of fHbp is not essential for virulence in these strains. Furthermore, the lack of expression of fHbp may also have implications for fHbp containing vaccines.
Experimental Characterization of Propeller induced Flow Around a Multi-Rotor Drone
Creators: name: Flem, Alexander A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: This presentation describes the potential of a shoe-string budget laboratory experiment for the determination of propeller-induced flow of a large multi-rotor drone and presents a unique data set for the comparison with and validation of corresponding CFD simulations for optimal sensor placement considerations.
Hubble Space Telescope Observations of the Black Hole X-ray Transient GRO J0422+32 Near Quiescence
Creators: name: Hynes, R. I.
name: Haswell, C. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present HST/FOS ultraviolet and optical spectroscopy of the black hole X-ray transient GRO J0422+32 shortly before the system reached quiescence. We find that the accretion spectrum from 2500-9000A can be very well fit by a self-absorbed synchrotron model, with superposed HI and MgII emission lines. The explanations we suggest for this spectrum are that it is either due to active coronal regions above a geometrically thin accretion disc, or that the disc is evaporated into an advective flow.
description: 7 pages with 7 postscript figures included, uses mn.sty. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Deux-Sèvres, exercice DIT Aquitaine, 1957
Creators: name: Martin, Annie
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2016
Subjects: Guerre froide
Deux-Sèvres (France) -- 1957

description: Coverage: Deux-Sèvres
description: Cette carte appartient à la collection « Guerre froide vue d’en bas » élaborée dans le cadre de l’enquête 2009-2013 du réseau des correspondants départementaux de l’IHTP « La Guerre froide vue d’en bas : 1947-1967 », enquête conduite sous la direction de Philippe Buton Professeur d’Histoire contemporaine à l’Université de Reims, d’Olivier Büttner Ingénieur de Recherche IHTP-CNRS et de Michel Hastings, Professeur de Science politique à l’Institut d’Etudes Politiques de Lille.
Model averaging in calibration of near-infrared instruments with correlated high-dimensional data
Creators: name: Salaki, Deiby Tineke
name: Kurnia, Anang
name: Sartono, Bagus
name: Mangku, I Wayan
name: Gusnanto, Arief
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology

description: Model averaging (MA) is a modelling strategy where the uncertainty in the configuration of selected variables is taken into account by weight-combining each estimate of the so-called ‘candidate model’. Some studies have shown that MA enables better prediction, even in high-dimensional cases. However, little is known about the model prediction performance at different types of multicollinearity in high-dimensional data. Motivated by calibration of near-infrared (NIR) instruments,we focus on MA prediction performance in such data. The weighting schemes that we consider are based on the Akaike’s information criterion (AIC), Mallows’ Cp, and cross-validation. For estimating the model parameters, we consider the standard least squares and the ridge regression methods. The results indicate that MA outperforms model selection methods such as LASSO and SCAD in high-correlation data. The use of Mallows’ Cp and cross-validation for the weights tends to yield similar results in all structures of correlation, although the former is generally preferred. We also find that the ridge model averaging outperforms the least-squares model averaging. This research suggests ridge model averaging to build a relatively better prediction of the NIR calibration model.
An out-of-equilibrium non-Markovian Quantum Heat Engine
Creators: name: Pezzutto, Marco
name: Paternostro, Mauro
name: Omar, Yasser
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the performance of a quantum Otto cycle using a harmonic work medium and undergoing collisional dynamics with finite-size reservoirs. We span the dynamical regimes of the work strokes from strongly non-adiabatic to quasi-static conditions, and address the effects that non-Markovianity of the open-system dynamics of the work medium can have on the efficiency of the thermal machine. While such efficiency never surpasses the classical upper bound valid for finite-time stochastic engines, the behaviour of the engine shows clear-cut effects induced by both the finiteness of the evolution time, and the memory-bearing character of the system-environment evolution.
description: Close to published version. Added Figure 8b
Synthetic studies towards novel inhibitors of Ape1/Ref1 and LRH1
Creators: name: Brookes, Paul Andrew
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2012

description: The work described within this thesis relates to the development and identification of novel inhibitors of two recently identified chemotherapeutic targets.i/ii Apurinic/Apyrimidinic Endonuclease 1 – (Ape1/Ref1)i The base excision repair (BER) pathway is a vital eukaryotic process that acts to recognise, process and remove damaged DNA from the genome. A critical step in BER involves the processing of an apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) site intermediate by Ape1/Ref1. Such AP site intermediates are generated when DNA bases undergo spontaneous damage, and as such are continuously and ubiquitously being generated. Therefore, through its innate function Ape1/Ref1 offers direct protection to cells from the effects of DNA damaging agents, including commonly employed chemotherapeutics. Interestingly, Ape1/Ref1 is over-expressed in many cancers and this particularity has been shown to correlate with resistances to both radio and chemotherapy regimens. Considering this, Ape1/Ref1 has emerged as a potential chemotherapeutic target. The availability of robust X-ray crystal data allowed for the implementation of a grass roots computer-aided drug design (CADD) approach. Multiple inhibitor scaffolds were identified, designed, synthesised and biologically evaluated in vitro. Furthermore, during this project several publications emerged detailing novel inhibitors of Ape1/Ref1, investigations into these reports are detailed within. Liver Receptor Homolog-1 (LRH-1)ii Nuclear receptors (NRs) are ligand regulated transcription factors and have been described as nearly ideal drug targets due to their three-dimensional structure. NRs contain vast hydrophobic internal pockets that bind to hydrophobic, drug-like molecules. In the presence of a natural endogenous substrate, ligand-induced conformational changes modulate the recruitment of transcriptional regulators to gene promoters. Liver receptor homolog-1 is a NR that has recently been shown to modulate the estrogen response in breast cancers through the regulation of estrogen receptor-α (ERα) expression. Resorcylic acid lactones (RALs) were recently shown by Barrett et. al. to be capable of antagonising this receptor in the low micromolar range. Such action could possibly translate to the potential blocking of co-activator recruitment and ERα expression in vivo and therefore these compounds served as a start point for a ligand based drug discovery campaign. Additional synthetic investigations and biological developments upon these RALs are discussed and detailed within.
Ramphastos picatus Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Piciformes
Ramphastidae
Ramphastos
Ramphastos picatus

description: Ramphastos picatus [spec. nov.]
R. rostro rubro: apice nigro: carina compressa.
Pica brasiliensis. Alb. av. 2. p. 24. t. 25. Aldr. orn. l. 20. c. 19.
Habitat in America meridionali.
Rostrum magnum inter congeneres; etiam basi nigricans.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 103, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Weak Lensing and the Sloan Digital Sky Survey
Creators: name: Stebbins, Albert
name: Mckay, Tim
name: Frieman, Joshua A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: While the strategy for the first applications of weak lensing has been to ``go deep'' it is equally interesting to use one's telescope time to instead ``go wide''. The Sloan Survey (SDSS) provides a natural framework for a very wide area weak lensing survey.
description: To appear in Proceedings of IAU Symposium 173. LaTeX using crckapb style (v1.0). PostScript and seperate figures available at ftp://ftp-astro-theory.fnal.gov/pub/Publications/Conf-95-320-A/
A parametric approach to information filtering in complex networks: The Pólya filter
Creators: name: Marcaccioli, Riccardo
name: Livan, Giacomo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ever increasing availability of data demands for techniques to extract relevant information from complex interacting systems, which can often be represented as weighted networks. In recent years, a number of approaches have been proposed to extract network backbones by assessing the statistical significance of links against null hypotheses of random interaction. Yet, it is well known that the growth of most real-world networks is highly non-random, as past interactions between nodes typically increase the likelihood of further interaction. Here, we propose a network filtering methodology based on a family of null hypotheses that can be calibrated to assess which links are statistically significant with respect to a given network's own heterogeneity. We design such family of null hypotheses by adapting the Pólya urn, a simple one-parameter combinatorial model driven by a self-reinforcement mechanism, to a network setting. We provide a full analytical description of our filter, and show that it retains or discards links based on a non-trivial interplay between their own local importance and the importance of the nodes they belong to. We prove that the widely used disparity filter can be recovered as a large-strength approximation for a specific value of the Pólya filter's parameter, and illustrate our findings by applying the filter to two large network datasets.
description: 24 pages, 14 figures, 2 tables
Development of a new protocol for computatinal site-directed mutagenesis
Creators: name: Aronica, Pietro
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2016

description: Mutagenesis, the technique of mutating individual amino acids on proteins and peptides, is an important part of protein engineering and analysis. By changing residues and measuring the effect of the mutation on the properties of the protein such as its structure and interaction, a deeper understanding can be gained, which can be used to design new, better biomolecules. However, when performed experimentally, mutagenesis can be expensive, time-consuming and a rate-limiting step in research. Computational tools can be used to aid within this context, but a review of existing methods revealed gaps in the current literature. The Parasol Protocol was developed in order to address these issues and provide a new method that would be suitable for virtual scans and which relied on molecular dynamics. The Parasol Protocol is a tool which utilises the AMBER package framework to mutate at will between any pair of natural amino acids, incorporating a wide range of possible different functional groups and transformations. It is cheap, quick and easy to use while still allowing a high degree of control. After the development, work focused on validating the protocol by applying it to various test cases. Experimentally observed interactions and structures were compared with those obtained via computational simulations, performed using the Parasol Protocol. Our understanding of those systems has deepened thanks to these studies and in some cases it had remarkable agreement with laboratory results, indicating predictive power. We think that the Parasol Protocol has performed well so far and could become a standard method used in molecular dynamics and protein design.
On the interpretation of the He II absorption in the line of sight of Q0302-003
Creators: name: Nath, Biman B.
name: Sethi, Shiv K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We point out the peculiarities of the line of sight of Q0302-003 which was recently used to estimate the He II opacity at $z \sim 3.285$. This line of sight contains a large void in Lyman $α$ clouds, in the region used for the He II opacity observation, and the void is thought to be caused by the ionizing radiation from a foreground quasar (Dobrzycki and Bechtold 1991). If this is true, then the radiation from the foreground quasar is more relevant in the region used for the estimation of the He II opacity than the diffuse UV background radiation. We argue that in that case the observed opacity should not be used to put constraint on the diffuse UV background radiation. Using a typical spectral index of quasars, we estimate that most of the observed He II opacity must be due to Gunn-Peterson effect and suggest a H I Gunn-Peterson test along this line of sight. We further discuss the clumpiness of the intergalactic medium in the vicinity of Q0302-003 as suggested by observations.
description: To appear in MNRAS. uuencoded compressed postscript file (4 pages)
Risk-based assessment for distribution network via an efficient Monte Carlo simulation model
Creators: name: Yang, Yang
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2016

description: Given the fact that Smart Grid technologies are implemented mainly in distribution networks, it is essential to build a risk-based assessment tool which can model the operational characteristics of distribution networks operation. This thesis presented a distribution network model which captures the features of distribution network restoration, based on approximations of real-time switching actions. It enables the evaluation of complex distribution network reliability with active network control. The development of an explicit switching model which better reflects actual network switching actions allows for deliberate accuracy and efficiency trade-offs. Combined with importance sampling approach, a significant improvement in computational efficiency has been achieved with both simplified and detailed network switching models. The assessment model also provides flexibility for users to analyse system reliability with various levels of complexity and efficiency. With the proposed assessment tool, different network improvement technologies were investigated for their values of substituting traditional network constructions and impacts on network reliability performances. It has been found that a combination of different technologies, according to specific network requirements, provide the best solution to network investments. Models of customer interruption cost were analysed and compared. The study shows that using different cost models will result in large differences in results and lead to different investment decisions. A single value of lost load is not appropriate to achieve an accurate interruption cost quantification. A chronological simulation model was also built for evaluating the implications of High Impact Low Probability events on distribution network planning. This model provides the insights for the cost of such events and helps network planners justify the cost-effectiveness of post-fault corrections and preventive solutions. Finally, the overall security of supply for GB system was assessed to investigate the impacts of a recent demand reduction at grid supply points (for transmission networks) resulting from the fast growing of generation capacity in distribution networks. It has been found that the current security standard may not be able to guarantee an acceptable reliability performance with the increasing penetration of distributed generation, if further balancing service investment is not available.
Error-Controlled Exploration of Chemical Reaction Networks with Gaussian Processes
Creators: name: Simm, Gregor N.
name: Reiher, Markus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For a theoretical understanding of the reactivity of complex chemical systems, relative energies of stationary points on potential energy hypersurfaces need to be calculated to high accuracy. Due to the large number of intermediates present in all but the simplest chemical processes, approximate quantum chemical methods are required that allow for fast evaluations of the relative energies, but at the expense of accuracy. Despite the plethora of benchmark studies, the accuracy of a quantum chemical method is often difficult to assess. Moreover, a significant improvement of a method's accuracy (e.g., through reparameterization or systematic model extension) is rarely possible. Here, we present a new approach that allows for the systematic, problem-oriented, and rolling improvement of quantum chemical results through the application of Gaussian processes. Due to its Bayesian nature, reliable error estimates are provided for each prediction. A reference method of high accuracy can be employed, if the uncertainty associated with a particular calculation is above a given threshold. The new data point is then added to a growing data set in order to continuously improve the model, and as a result, all subsequent predictions. Previous predictions are validated by the updated model to ensure that uncertainties remain within the given confidence bound, which we call backtracking. We demonstrate our approach at the example of a complex chemical reaction network.
description: 36 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables
General Relativistic Gravity Gradiometry
Creators: name: Mashhoon, Bahram
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gravity gradiometry within the framework of the general theory of relativity involves the measurement of the elements of the relativistic tidal matrix, which is theoretically obtained via the projection of the spacetime curvature tensor upon the nonrotating orthonormal tetrad frame of a geodesic observer. The behavior of the measured components of the curvature tensor under Lorentz boosts is briefly described in connection with the existence of certain special tidal directions. Relativistic gravity gradiometry in the exterior gravitational field of a rotating mass is discussed and a gravitomagnetic beat effect along an inclined spherical geodesic orbit is elucidated.
description: 18 pages, invited contribution to appear in "Relativistic Geodesy: Foundations and Applications", D. Puetzfeld et al. (eds.), 2018; v2: matches version published in: D. Puetzfeld and C. L\"ammerzahl (eds.) "Relativistic Geodesy" (Springer, Cham, 2019), pp. 143-157
title: ADCO, Cartulaire général de Cîteaux, dit de Jean de Cirey, (XVe siècle), tome IV, Cart. 188 (11 H 73), f. 0277v
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CG21/F.PETOT/2012
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge
subject: cartulaire
subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: Cartulaire général de Cîteaux, dit de Jean de Cirey, (XVe siècle), tome IV, Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 188 (11 H 73), f. 0277v, Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Cartulaire général de Cîteaux, dit de Jean de Cirey, (XVe siècle), tome IV, Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 188 (11 H 73), f. 0277v, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https:// manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: abbaye de Cîteaux
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843261
description: Provenance: https://www.geonames.org/3024876
description: Provenance: http://www.idref.fr/030974844/id
description: Provenance: https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12228351v
Stratigraphic and sedimentologic framework for tephras in the Wilson Creek Formation, Mono Basin, California, USA
Creators: name: Yang, Qingyuan
name: Bursik, Marcus
name: Pouget, Solène
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Numerous tephra layers occur within the late Pleistocene Wilson Creek Formation, where they are interbedded with lacustrine deposits of Lake Russell, the ancestor of present-day Mono Lake. Most of the tephra layers are rhyolitic in composition, and were produced from the Mono Craters. We present detailed stratigraphy and sedimentology of the tephra layers, sampled at twelve outcrops near the shoreline of Mono Lake and the Mono Craters, and implement grain size, componentry, and surface morphology analysis to characterize their physical properties. Sub-unit correlation is proposed for certain tephra units. Noticeable features of the tephras, such as the occurrence of low-density rounded or highly vesicular pumice within certain sub-units, are highlighted. The abundant obsidian, lithics, and ostracods within many sub-units suggest that the associated eruption pulses involved water-magma interaction. Eruptions from the Mono Craters during the late Pleistocene were consistent neither in frequency nor volume. The Mono Craters were most active during the eruption of tephras in Sequences C ($\sim$42.5-39.4 ka) and A ($\sim$14.1-12.9 ka), and Pleistocene volcanic activity reached its peak during the eruption of tephra layer C11. Detailed interpretation of tephra layer B7 and tephras in Sequence A is given. Tephras in Sequence B ($\sim$26.2-23.1 ka) may have had their vents located in the southern half of the Mono Craters, or are smaller in volume (except for B7), compared to the other tephras in the Wilson Creek Formation. Vents for tephra layers A4, A3, and A1 are located near the northern end of the Mono Craters. The stratigraphy of tephra layers B7 and A1 suggests an unstable depositional environment, which can be used to help constrain the water-level history of Lake Russell during the late Pleistocene.